From 01482ad607ea3426c1ec368265aa5e562ca0ed97 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 2026 08:28:26 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 001/707] 8386247: G1: Cleanup naming and type use of
 G1CollectionSet class members and methods

Reviewed-by: stefank, ayang, iwalulya
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp   | 117 +++++++++---------
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.hpp   |  62 +++++-----
 .../share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.inline.hpp    |  14 +--
 .../share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp      |   6 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp          |  14 +--
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp          |   8 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.cpp  |   2 +-
 .../g1/g1YoungGCAllocationFailureInjector.cpp |   2 +-
 .../gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp      |   6 +-
 9 files changed, 115 insertions(+), 116 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp
index 7329e679519..14b5e321585 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp
@@ -37,13 +37,13 @@
 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 
-uint G1CollectionSet::groups_cur_length() const {
+uint G1CollectionSet::num_groups() const {
   assert(_inc_build_state == CSetBuildType::Inactive, "must be");
   return _groups.length();
 }
 
-uint G1CollectionSet::groups_increment_length() const {
-  return groups_cur_length() - _groups_inc_part_start;
+uint G1CollectionSet::num_groups_in_increment() const {
+  return num_groups() - _groups_inc_part_start;
 }
 
 G1CollectorState* G1CollectionSet::collector_state() const {
@@ -59,12 +59,12 @@ G1CollectionSet::G1CollectionSet(G1CollectedHeap* g1h, G1Policy* policy) :
   _policy(policy),
   _candidates(),
   _regions(nullptr),
-  _regions_max_length(0),
-  _regions_cur_length(0),
+  _max_num_regions(0),
+  _num_regions(0),
   _groups(),
-  _eden_region_length(0),
-  _survivor_region_length(0),
-  _initial_old_region_length(0),
+  _num_eden_regions(0),
+  _num_survivor_regions(0),
+  _num_initial_old_regions(0),
   _optional_groups(),
   DEBUG_ONLY(_inc_build_state(CSetBuildType::Inactive) COMMA)
   _regions_inc_part_start(0),
@@ -76,27 +76,27 @@ G1CollectionSet::~G1CollectionSet() {
   abandon_all_candidates();
 }
 
-void G1CollectionSet::init_region_lengths(uint eden_cset_region_length,
-                                          uint survivor_cset_region_length) {
+void G1CollectionSet::prepare_for_collection(uint num_eden_cset_regions,
+                                             uint num_survivor_cset_regions) {
   assert_at_safepoint_on_vm_thread();
 
-  _eden_region_length     = eden_cset_region_length;
-  _survivor_region_length = survivor_cset_region_length;
+  _num_eden_regions     = num_eden_cset_regions;
+  _num_survivor_regions = num_survivor_cset_regions;
 
-  assert((size_t)young_region_length() == _regions_cur_length,
-         "Young region length %u should match collection set length %u", young_region_length(), _regions_cur_length);
+  assert(num_young_regions() == num_regions(),
+         "Young region amount %u should match collection set region amount %u", num_young_regions(), num_regions());
 
-  _initial_old_region_length = 0;
+  _num_initial_old_regions = 0;
   assert(_optional_groups.length() == 0, "Should not have any optional groups yet");
   _optional_groups.clear();
 }
 
-void G1CollectionSet::initialize(uint max_region_length) {
+void G1CollectionSet::initialize(uint max_num_regions) {
   guarantee(_regions == nullptr, "Must only initialize once.");
-  _regions_max_length = max_region_length;
-  _regions = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(uint, max_region_length, mtGC);
+  _max_num_regions = max_num_regions;
+  _regions = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(uint, max_num_regions, mtGC);
 
-  _candidates.initialize(max_region_length);
+  _candidates.initialize(max_num_regions);
 }
 
 void G1CollectionSet::abandon() {
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ void G1CollectionSet::abandon() {
 
 void G1CollectionSet::abandon_all_candidates() {
   _candidates.clear();
-  _initial_old_region_length = 0;
+  _num_initial_old_regions = 0;
 }
 
 void G1CollectionSet::prepare_for_scan () {
@@ -128,17 +128,18 @@ void G1CollectionSet::add_old_region(G1HeapRegion* hr) {
 
   _g1h->register_old_collection_set_region_with_region_attr(hr);
 
-  assert(_regions_cur_length < _regions_max_length, "Collection set now larger than maximum size.");
-  _regions[_regions_cur_length++] = hr->hrm_index();
-  _initial_old_region_length++;
+  assert(num_regions() < _max_num_regions, "Collection set now larger than maximum size.");
+  _regions[_num_regions++] = hr->hrm_index();
+  _num_initial_old_regions++;
 
   _g1h->old_set_remove(hr);
 }
 
 void G1CollectionSet::start() {
-  assert(_regions_cur_length == 0, "Collection set must be empty before starting a new collection set.");
-  assert(groups_cur_length() == 0, "Collection set groups must be empty before starting a new collection set.");
-  assert(_optional_groups.length() == 0, "Collection set optional gorups must be empty before starting a new collection set.");
+  assert(num_regions() == 0, "Collection set must be empty before starting a new collection set.");
+  assert(num_groups() == 0, "Collection set groups must be empty before starting a new collection set.");
+  assert(_optional_groups.length() == 0,
+         "Collection set optional groups must be empty before starting a new collection set.");
 
   continue_incremental_building();
 
@@ -149,8 +150,8 @@ void G1CollectionSet::start() {
 void G1CollectionSet::continue_incremental_building() {
   assert(_inc_build_state == CSetBuildType::Inactive, "Precondition");
 
-  _regions_inc_part_start = _regions_cur_length;
-  _groups_inc_part_start = groups_cur_length();
+  _regions_inc_part_start = num_regions();
+  _groups_inc_part_start = num_groups();
 
   DEBUG_ONLY(_inc_build_state = CSetBuildType::Active;)
 }
@@ -161,13 +162,13 @@ void G1CollectionSet::stop_incremental_building() {
 
 void G1CollectionSet::clear() {
   assert_at_safepoint_on_vm_thread();
-  _regions_cur_length = 0;
+  _num_regions = 0;
   _groups.clear();
   assert(_optional_groups.length() == 0, "must be");
 }
 
 void G1CollectionSet::iterate(G1HeapRegionClosure* cl) const {
-  size_t len = _regions_cur_length;
+  uint len = _num_regions;
   OrderAccess::loadload();
 
   for (uint i = 0; i < len; i++) {
@@ -182,7 +183,7 @@ void G1CollectionSet::iterate(G1HeapRegionClosure* cl) const {
 void G1CollectionSet::par_iterate(G1HeapRegionClosure* cl,
                                   G1HeapRegionClaimer* hr_claimer,
                                   uint worker_id) const {
-  iterate_part_from(cl, hr_claimer, 0, cur_length(), worker_id);
+  iterate_part_from(cl, hr_claimer, 0, num_regions(), worker_id);
 }
 
 void G1CollectionSet::iterate_optional(G1HeapRegionClosure* cl) const {
@@ -197,13 +198,13 @@ void G1CollectionSet::iterate_optional(G1HeapRegionClosure* cl) const {
 void G1CollectionSet::iterate_incremental_part_from(G1HeapRegionClosure* cl,
                                                     G1HeapRegionClaimer* hr_claimer,
                                                     uint worker_id) const {
-  iterate_part_from(cl, hr_claimer, _regions_inc_part_start, regions_cur_length(), worker_id);
+  iterate_part_from(cl, hr_claimer, _regions_inc_part_start, num_regions_in_increment(), worker_id);
 }
 
 void G1CollectionSet::iterate_part_from(G1HeapRegionClosure* cl,
                                         G1HeapRegionClaimer* hr_claimer,
-                                        size_t offset,
-                                        size_t length,
+                                        uint offset,
+                                        uint length,
                                         uint worker_id) const {
   _g1h->par_iterate_regions_array(cl,
                                   hr_claimer,
@@ -223,17 +224,17 @@ void G1CollectionSet::add_young_region_common(G1HeapRegion* hr) {
   // Synchronize with the region attribute table.
   _g1h->register_young_region_with_region_attr(hr);
 
+  uint index = num_regions();
   // We use UINT_MAX as "invalid" marker in verification.
-  assert(_regions_cur_length < (UINT_MAX - 1),
-         "Collection set is too large with %u entries", _regions_cur_length);
-  hr->set_young_index_in_cset(_regions_cur_length + 1);
+  assert(index < (UINT_MAX - 1), "Collection set is too large with %u entries", index);
+  hr->set_young_index_in_cset(index + 1);
 
-  assert(_regions_cur_length < _regions_max_length, "Collection set larger than maximum allowed.");
-  _regions[_regions_cur_length] = hr->hrm_index();
+  assert(index < _max_num_regions, "Collection set larger than maximum allowed.");
+  _regions[index] = hr->hrm_index();
   // Concurrent readers must observe the store of the value in the array before an
-  // update to the length field.
+  // update to the _num_regions field.
   OrderAccess::storestore();
-  _regions_cur_length++;
+  _num_regions++;
 }
 
 void G1CollectionSet::add_survivor_regions(G1HeapRegion* hr) {
@@ -335,9 +336,9 @@ double G1CollectionSet::finalize_young_part(double target_pause_time_ms, G1Survi
   // pause are appended to the RHS of the young list, i.e.
   //   [Newly Young Regions ++ Survivors from last pause].
 
-  uint eden_region_length = _g1h->eden_regions_count();
-  uint survivor_region_length = survivors->length();
-  init_region_lengths(eden_region_length, survivor_region_length);
+  uint num_eden_regions = _g1h->eden_regions_count();
+  uint num_survivor_regions = survivors->length();
+  prepare_for_collection(num_eden_regions, num_survivor_regions);
 
   verify_young_cset_indices();
 
@@ -345,13 +346,13 @@ double G1CollectionSet::finalize_young_part(double target_pause_time_ms, G1Survi
   double predicted_base_time_ms = _policy->predict_base_time_ms(pending_cards, card_rs_length);
   // Base time already includes the whole remembered set related time, so do not add that here
   // again.
-  double predicted_eden_time = _policy->predict_young_region_other_time_ms(eden_region_length) +
-                               _policy->predict_eden_copy_time_ms(eden_region_length);
+  double predicted_eden_time = _policy->predict_young_region_other_time_ms(num_eden_regions) +
+                               _policy->predict_eden_copy_time_ms(num_eden_regions);
   double remaining_time_ms = MAX2(target_pause_time_ms - (predicted_base_time_ms + predicted_eden_time), 0.0);
 
   log_trace(gc, ergo, cset)("Added young regions to CSet. Eden: %u regions, Survivors: %u regions, "
                             "predicted eden time: %1.2fms, predicted base time: %1.2fms, target pause time: %1.2fms, remaining time: %1.2fms",
-                            eden_region_length, survivor_region_length,
+                            num_eden_regions, num_survivor_regions,
                             predicted_eden_time, predicted_base_time_ms, target_pause_time_ms, remaining_time_ms);
 
   // Clear the fields that point to the survivor list - they are all young now.
@@ -669,8 +670,8 @@ double G1CollectionSet::select_candidates_from_optional_groups(double time_remai
 }
 
 uint G1CollectionSet::select_optional_groups(double time_remaining_ms) {
-  uint optional_regions_count = num_optional_regions();
-  assert(optional_regions_count > 0,
+  uint total_optional_regions = num_optional_regions();
+  assert(total_optional_regions > 0,
          "Should only be called when there are optional regions");
 
   uint num_regions_selected = 0;
@@ -678,7 +679,7 @@ uint G1CollectionSet::select_optional_groups(double time_remaining_ms) {
   double total_prediction_ms = select_candidates_from_optional_groups(time_remaining_ms, num_regions_selected);
 
   log_debug(gc, ergo, cset)("Prepared %u regions out of %u for optional evacuation. Total predicted time: %.3fms",
-                            num_regions_selected, optional_regions_count, total_prediction_ms);
+                            num_regions_selected, total_optional_regions, total_prediction_ms);
 
   return num_regions_selected;
 }
@@ -754,13 +755,12 @@ void G1CollectionSet::abandon_optional_collection_set(G1ParScanThreadStateSet* p
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
 class G1VerifyYoungCSetIndicesClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
-private:
-  size_t _young_length;
+  uint _num_young_regions;
   uint* _heap_region_indices;
 public:
-  G1VerifyYoungCSetIndicesClosure(size_t young_length) : G1HeapRegionClosure(), _young_length(young_length) {
-    _heap_region_indices = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(uint, young_length + 1, mtGC);
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < young_length + 1; i++) {
+  G1VerifyYoungCSetIndicesClosure(uint num_young_regions) : G1HeapRegionClosure(), _num_young_regions(num_young_regions) {
+    _heap_region_indices = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(uint, num_young_regions + 1, mtGC);
+    for (uint i = 0; i < num_young_regions + 1; i++) {
       _heap_region_indices[i] = UINT_MAX;
     }
   }
@@ -771,8 +771,9 @@ class G1VerifyYoungCSetIndicesClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
   virtual bool do_heap_region(G1HeapRegion* r) {
     const uint idx = r->young_index_in_cset();
 
-    assert(idx > 0, "Young index must be set for all regions in the incremental collection set but is not for region %u.", r->hrm_index());
-    assert(idx <= _young_length, "Young cset index %u too large for region %u", idx, r->hrm_index());
+    assert(r->is_young(), "must be, but region %u is not", r->hrm_index());
+    assert(idx > 0, "Young index must be set for all regions in the collection set but is not for region %u.", r->hrm_index());
+    assert(idx <= _num_young_regions, "Young cset index %u too large for region %u", idx, r->hrm_index());
 
     assert(_heap_region_indices[idx] == UINT_MAX,
            "Index %d used by multiple regions, first use by region %u, second by region %u",
@@ -787,7 +788,7 @@ class G1VerifyYoungCSetIndicesClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
 void G1CollectionSet::verify_young_cset_indices() const {
   assert_at_safepoint_on_vm_thread();
 
-  G1VerifyYoungCSetIndicesClosure cl(_regions_cur_length);
+  G1VerifyYoungCSetIndicesClosure cl(num_regions());
   iterate(&cl);
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.hpp
index df0228c4956..5fa9868f2b2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ class G1CollectionSet {
 
   // The actual collection set as a set of region indices.
   //
-  // All regions in _regions below _regions_cur_length are assumed to be part of the
+  // All regions in _regions below _num_regions are assumed to be part of the
   // collection set.
   // We assume that at any time there is at most only one writer and (one or more)
   // concurrent readers. This means synchronization using storestore and loadload
@@ -147,18 +147,18 @@ class G1CollectionSet {
   //
   // This corresponds to the regions referenced by the candidate groups further below.
   uint* _regions;
-  uint _regions_max_length;
+  uint _max_num_regions;
 
-  volatile uint _regions_cur_length;
+  volatile uint _num_regions;
 
   // Old gen groups selected for evacuation.
   G1CSetCandidateGroupList _groups;
 
-  uint groups_cur_length() const;
+  uint num_groups() const;
 
-  uint _eden_region_length;
-  uint _survivor_region_length;
-  uint _initial_old_region_length;
+  uint _num_eden_regions;
+  uint _num_survivor_regions;
+  uint _num_initial_old_regions;
 
   // When doing mixed collections we can add old regions to the collection set, which
   // will be collected only if there is enough time. We call these optional (old)
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ class G1CollectionSet {
   CSetBuildType _inc_build_state;
 #endif
   // Index into the _regions indicating the start of the current collection set increment.
-  size_t _regions_inc_part_start;
+  uint _regions_inc_part_start;
   // Index into the _groups indicating the start of the current collection set increment.
   uint _groups_inc_part_start;
 
@@ -188,6 +188,9 @@ class G1CollectionSet {
   // Add the given old region to the current collection set.
   void add_old_region(G1HeapRegion* hr);
 
+  void prepare_for_collection(uint num_eden_cset_regions,
+                              uint num_survivor_cset_regions);
+
   void prepare_optional_group(G1CSetCandidateGroup* gr, uint cur_index);
 
   void add_group_to_collection_set(G1CSetCandidateGroup* gr);
@@ -201,7 +204,7 @@ class G1CollectionSet {
   // Select groups for evacuation from the optional candidates given the remaining time
   // and return the number of actually selected regions.
   uint select_optional_groups(double time_remaining_ms);
-  double select_candidates_from_optional_groups(double time_remaining_ms, uint& num_groups_selected);
+  double select_candidates_from_optional_groups(double time_remaining_ms, uint& num_regions_selected);
 
   // Finalize the young part of the initial collection set. Relabel survivor regions
   // as Eden and calculate a prediction on how long the evacuation of all young regions
@@ -217,8 +220,8 @@ class G1CollectionSet {
   // to allow for more efficient parallel iteration.
   void iterate_part_from(G1HeapRegionClosure* cl,
                          G1HeapRegionClaimer* hr_claimer,
-                         size_t offset,
-                         size_t length,
+                         uint offset,
+                         uint length,
                          uint worker_id) const;
 
   // Adds the given group to the optional groups list (_optional_groups)
@@ -232,8 +235,8 @@ class G1CollectionSet {
   G1CollectionSet(G1CollectedHeap* g1h, G1Policy* policy);
   ~G1CollectionSet();
 
-  // Initializes the collection set giving the maximum possible length of the collection set.
-  void initialize(uint max_region_length);
+  // Initializes the collection set giving the maximum possible number of regions in the collection set.
+  void initialize(uint max_num_regions);
 
   // Drop the collection set and collection set candidates.
   void abandon();
@@ -245,26 +248,23 @@ class G1CollectionSet {
 
   void prepare_for_scan();
 
-  void init_region_lengths(uint eden_cset_region_length,
-                           uint survivor_cset_region_length);
-
-  // Total length of the initial collection set in regions.
-  uint initial_region_length() const { return young_region_length() +
-                                              initial_old_region_length(); }
-  uint young_region_length() const { return eden_region_length() +
-                                            survivor_region_length(); }
+  // Total number of regions in the initial collection set.
+  uint num_initial_regions() const { return num_young_regions() +
+                                            num_initial_old_regions(); }
+  uint num_young_regions() const { return num_eden_regions() +
+                                          num_survivor_regions(); }
 
-  uint eden_region_length() const { return _eden_region_length; }
-  uint survivor_region_length() const { return _survivor_region_length; }
-  uint initial_old_region_length() const { return _initial_old_region_length; }
+  uint num_eden_regions() const { return _num_eden_regions; }
+  uint num_survivor_regions() const { return _num_survivor_regions; }
+  uint num_initial_old_regions() const { return _num_initial_old_regions; }
   uint num_optional_regions() const { return _optional_groups.num_regions(); }
 
-  bool only_contains_young_regions() const { return (initial_old_region_length() + num_optional_regions()) == 0; }
+  bool only_contains_young_regions() const { return (num_initial_old_regions() + num_optional_regions()) == 0; }
 
   template <class CardOrRangeVisitor>
   inline void merge_cardsets_for_collection_groups(CardOrRangeVisitor& cl, uint worker_id, uint num_workers);
 
-  uint groups_increment_length() const;
+  uint num_groups_in_increment() const;
 
   // Reset the contents of the collection set.
   void clear();
@@ -282,10 +282,10 @@ class G1CollectionSet {
   // from a starting position determined by the given worker id.
   void iterate_incremental_part_from(G1HeapRegionClosure* cl, G1HeapRegionClaimer* hr_claimer, uint worker_id) const;
 
-  // Returns the length of the current increment in number of regions.
-  size_t regions_cur_length() const { return _regions_cur_length - _regions_inc_part_start; }
-  // Returns the length of the whole current collection set in number of regions
-  size_t cur_length() const { return _regions_cur_length; }
+  // Returns the number of regions in the current collection set increment.
+  uint num_regions_in_increment() const { return num_regions() - _regions_inc_part_start; }
+  // Returns the total number of regions in the current collection set.
+  uint num_regions() const { return _num_regions; }
 
   // Iterate over the entire collection set (all increments calculated so far), applying
   // the given G1HeapRegionClosure on all of the regions.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.inline.hpp
index b0321588d18..f9ec42b9432 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -31,24 +31,22 @@
 
 template <class CardOrRangeVisitor>
 inline void G1CollectionSet::merge_cardsets_for_collection_groups(CardOrRangeVisitor& cl, uint worker_id, uint num_workers) {
-  uint offset =  _groups_inc_part_start;
+  uint offset = _groups_inc_part_start;
   if (offset == 0) {
     G1HeapRegionRemSet::iterate_for_merge(_g1h->young_regions_cset_group()->card_set(), cl);
   }
 
-  uint next_increment_length = groups_increment_length();
-  if (next_increment_length == 0) {
+  const uint next_group_increment = num_groups_in_increment();
+  if (next_group_increment == 0) {
     return;
   }
 
-  uint start_pos = (worker_id * next_increment_length) / num_workers;
+  uint start_pos = (worker_id * next_group_increment) / num_workers;
   uint cur_pos = start_pos;
-  uint count = 0;
   do {
     G1HeapRegionRemSet::iterate_for_merge(_groups.at(offset + cur_pos)->card_set(), cl);
     cur_pos++;
-    count++;
-    if (cur_pos == next_increment_length) {
+    if (cur_pos == next_group_increment) {
       cur_pos = 0;
     }
   } while (cur_pos != start_pos);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp
index 45e1b25cb95..5a66f64090a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ G1ParScanThreadState::G1ParScanThreadState(G1CollectedHeap* g1h,
     _trim_ticks(),
     _surviving_young_words_base(nullptr),
     _surviving_young_words(nullptr),
-    _surviving_words_length(collection_set->young_region_length() + 1),
+    _surviving_words_length(collection_set->num_young_regions() + 1),
     _old_gen_is_full(false),
     _partial_array_splitter(g1h->partial_array_state_manager(), num_workers),
     _string_dedup_requests(),
@@ -717,7 +717,7 @@ G1ParScanThreadStateSet::G1ParScanThreadStateSet(G1CollectedHeap* g1h,
     _g1h(g1h),
     _collection_set(collection_set),
     _states(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(G1ParScanThreadState*, num_workers, mtGC)),
-    _surviving_young_words_total(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(size_t, collection_set->young_region_length() + 1, mtGC)),
+    _surviving_young_words_total(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(size_t, collection_set->num_young_regions() + 1, mtGC)),
     _num_workers(num_workers),
     _flushed(false),
     _evac_failure_regions(evac_failure_regions)
@@ -725,7 +725,7 @@ G1ParScanThreadStateSet::G1ParScanThreadStateSet(G1CollectedHeap* g1h,
   for (uint i = 0; i < num_workers; ++i) {
     _states[i] = nullptr;
   }
-  memset(_surviving_young_words_total, 0, (collection_set->young_region_length() + 1) * sizeof(size_t));
+  memset(_surviving_young_words_total, 0, (collection_set->num_young_regions() + 1) * sizeof(size_t));
 }
 
 G1ParScanThreadStateSet::~G1ParScanThreadStateSet() {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
index 35211938065..04afd262dd4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
@@ -849,13 +849,13 @@ G1CollectorState G1Policy::record_young_collection_end(bool concurrent_operation
   if (update_stats) {
     // We maintain the invariant that all objects allocated by mutator
     // threads will be allocated out of eden regions. So, we can use
-    // the eden region number allocated since the previous GC to
-    // calculate the application's allocate rate. The only exception
+    // the number of eden regions allocated since the previous GC to
+    // calculate the application's allocation rate. The only exception
     // to that is humongous objects that are allocated separately. But
     // given that humongous object allocations do not really affect
     // either the pause's duration nor when the next pause will take
     // place we can safely ignore them here.
-    uint regions_allocated = _collection_set->eden_region_length();
+    uint regions_allocated = _collection_set->num_eden_regions();
     double alloc_rate_ms = (double) regions_allocated / app_time_ms;
     _analytics->report_alloc_rate_ms(alloc_rate_ms);
 
@@ -919,14 +919,14 @@ G1CollectorState G1Policy::record_young_collection_end(bool concurrent_operation
       _analytics->report_cost_per_byte_ms(cost_per_byte_ms, is_young_only_pause);
     }
 
-    if (_collection_set->young_region_length() > 0) {
+    if (_collection_set->num_young_regions() > 0) {
       _analytics->report_young_other_cost_per_region_ms(young_other_time_ms() /
-                                                        _collection_set->young_region_length());
+                                                        _collection_set->num_young_regions());
     }
 
-    if (_collection_set->initial_old_region_length() > 0) {
+    if (_collection_set->num_initial_old_regions() > 0) {
       _analytics->report_non_young_other_cost_per_region_ms(non_young_other_time_ms() /
-                                                            _collection_set->initial_old_region_length());
+                                                            _collection_set->num_initial_old_regions());
     }
 
     _analytics->report_constant_other_time_ms(constant_other_time_ms(pause_time_ms));
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp
index be18a3065e9..608f12e3859 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp
@@ -1232,14 +1232,14 @@ void G1RemSet::merge_heap_roots(bool initial_evacuation) {
   {
     WorkerThreads* workers = g1h->workers();
 
-    size_t const increment_length = g1h->collection_set()->groups_increment_length();
+    uint const num_groups_in_increment = g1h->collection_set()->num_groups_in_increment();
 
     uint const num_workers = initial_evacuation ? workers->active_workers() :
-                                                  MIN2(workers->active_workers(), (uint)increment_length);
+                                                  MIN2(workers->active_workers(), num_groups_in_increment);
 
     G1MergeHeapRootsTask cl(_scan_state, num_workers, initial_evacuation);
-    log_debug(gc, ergo)("Running %s using %u workers for %zu regions",
-                        cl.name(), num_workers, increment_length);
+    log_debug(gc, ergo)("Running %s using %u workers for %u groups",
+                        cl.name(), num_workers, num_groups_in_increment);
     workers->run_task(&cl, num_workers);
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.cpp
index 810b54ec587..edfe97d04d6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.cpp
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ void G1YoungCollector::calculate_collection_set(G1EvacInfo* evacuation_info, dou
   allocator()->release_mutator_alloc_regions();
 
   collection_set()->finalize_initial_collection_set(target_pause_time_ms, survivor_regions());
-  evacuation_info->set_collection_set_regions(collection_set()->initial_region_length() +
+  evacuation_info->set_collection_set_regions(collection_set()->num_initial_regions() +
                                               collection_set()->num_optional_regions());
 
   concurrent_mark()->verify_no_collection_set_oops();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCAllocationFailureInjector.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCAllocationFailureInjector.cpp
index 2b33a85da29..0d922c0a3ed 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCAllocationFailureInjector.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCAllocationFailureInjector.cpp
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ G1YoungGCAllocationFailureInjector::G1YoungGCAllocationFailureInjector()
 void G1YoungGCAllocationFailureInjector::select_allocation_failure_regions() {
   G1CollectedHeap* g1h = G1CollectedHeap::heap();
   _allocation_failure_regions.reinitialize(g1h->max_num_regions());
-  SelectAllocationFailureRegionClosure closure(_allocation_failure_regions, g1h->collection_set()->cur_length());
+  SelectAllocationFailureRegionClosure closure(_allocation_failure_regions, g1h->collection_set()->num_regions());
   g1h->collection_set_iterate_all(&closure);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp
index bf4a6cca81d..cc9c4b10202 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp
@@ -649,9 +649,9 @@ class FreeCSetClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
 
   void assert_tracks_surviving_words(G1HeapRegion* r) {
     assert(r->young_index_in_cset() != 0 &&
-           (uint)r->young_index_in_cset() <= _g1h->collection_set()->young_region_length(),
+           (uint)r->young_index_in_cset() <= _g1h->collection_set()->num_young_regions(),
            "Young index %u is wrong for region %u of type %s with %u young regions",
-           r->young_index_in_cset(), r->hrm_index(), r->get_type_str(), _g1h->collection_set()->young_region_length());
+           r->young_index_in_cset(), r->hrm_index(), r->get_type_str(), _g1h->collection_set()->num_young_regions());
   }
 
   void handle_evacuated_region(G1HeapRegion* r) {
@@ -810,7 +810,7 @@ class G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask2::FreeCollectionSetTask : public G1
     p->record_serial_free_cset_time_ms((Ticks::now() - serial_time).seconds() * 1000.0);
   }
 
-  double worker_cost() const override { return G1CollectedHeap::heap()->collection_set()->initial_region_length(); }
+  double worker_cost() const override { return G1CollectedHeap::heap()->collection_set()->num_initial_regions(); }
 
   void set_max_workers(uint max_workers) override {
     _active_workers = max_workers;

From 1a395aac6f1bfc385d8ad0399467d1df6cf027a9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 2026 09:53:31 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 002/707] 8386762: C2: Allow inlining cold methods

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, qamai, vlivanov
---
 .../share/compiler/compilerDefinitions.cpp    |  4 ++
 src/hotspot/share/opto/bytecodeInfo.cpp       | 56 ++++++++++---------
 src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp         |  5 ++
 3 files changed, 38 insertions(+), 27 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compilerDefinitions.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compilerDefinitions.cpp
index 69c9bc585f7..5bb96f8d031 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compilerDefinitions.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compilerDefinitions.cpp
@@ -472,6 +472,10 @@ void CompilerConfig::ergo_initialize() {
   }
 
 #ifdef COMPILER2
+  // Xcomp has no reasonable profiling information, enable inlining cold methods
+  if (Arguments::is_compiler_only() && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InlineColdMethods)) {
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InlineColdMethods, true);
+  }
   if (!EliminateLocks) {
     EliminateNestedLocks = false;
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/bytecodeInfo.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/bytecodeInfo.cpp
index 330a8688110..1baf76f00cd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/bytecodeInfo.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/bytecodeInfo.cpp
@@ -295,32 +295,34 @@ bool InlineTree::should_not_inline(ciMethod* callee_method, ciMethod* caller_met
     return false;
   }
 
-  // don't use counts with -Xcomp
-  if (UseInterpreter) {
-    if (!callee_method->has_compiled_code() &&
-        !callee_method->was_executed_more_than(0)) {
-      set_msg("never executed");
-      return true;
-    }
+  // accept cold methods in CTW or -Xcomp
+  if (InlineColdMethods) {
+    return false;
+  }
 
-    if (is_init_with_ea(callee_method, caller_method, C)) {
-      // Escape Analysis: inline all executed constructors
-      return false;
-    }
+  if (!callee_method->has_compiled_code() &&
+      !callee_method->was_executed_more_than(0)) {
+    set_msg("never executed");
+    return true;
+  }
 
-    if (MinInlineFrequencyRatio > 0) {
-      int call_site_count  = caller_method->scale_count(profile.count());
-      int invoke_count     = caller_method->interpreter_invocation_count();
-      assert(invoke_count != 0, "require invocation count greater than zero");
-      double freq = (double)call_site_count / (double)invoke_count;
-      // avoid division by 0, set divisor to at least 1
-      int cp_min_inv = MAX2(1, CompilationPolicy::min_invocations());
-      double min_freq = MAX2(MinInlineFrequencyRatio, 1.0 / cp_min_inv);
-
-      if (freq < min_freq) {
-        set_msg("low call site frequency");
-        return true;
-      }
+  if (is_init_with_ea(callee_method, caller_method, C)) {
+    // Escape Analysis: inline all executed constructors
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (MinInlineFrequencyRatio > 0) {
+    int call_site_count  = caller_method->scale_count(profile.count());
+    int invoke_count     = caller_method->interpreter_invocation_count();
+    assert(invoke_count != 0, "require invocation count greater than zero");
+    double freq = (double)call_site_count / (double)invoke_count;
+    // avoid division by 0, set divisor to at least 1
+    int cp_min_inv = MAX2(1, CompilationPolicy::min_invocations());
+    double min_freq = MAX2(MinInlineFrequencyRatio, 1.0 / cp_min_inv);
+
+    if (freq < min_freq) {
+      set_msg("low call site frequency");
+      return true;
     }
   }
 
@@ -328,8 +330,8 @@ bool InlineTree::should_not_inline(ciMethod* callee_method, ciMethod* caller_met
 }
 
 bool InlineTree::is_not_reached(ciMethod* callee_method, ciMethod* caller_method, int caller_bci, ciCallProfile& profile) {
-  if (!UseInterpreter) {
-    return false; // -Xcomp
+  if (InlineColdMethods) {
+    return false; // CTW or -Xcomp
   }
   if (profile.count() > 0) {
     return false; // reachable according to profile
@@ -405,7 +407,7 @@ bool InlineTree::try_to_inline(ciMethod* callee_method, ciMethod* caller_method,
       }
     }
 
-    if (!UseInterpreter &&
+    if (InlineColdMethods &&
         is_init_with_ea(callee_method, caller_method, C)) {
       // Escape Analysis stress testing when running Xcomp:
       // inline constructors even if they are not reached.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
index dc2a08a3da5..cbe149fd01a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
@@ -789,6 +789,11 @@
           "high tier compiler")                                             \
           range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                             \
+  product(bool, InlineColdMethods, false, DIAGNOSTIC,                       \
+          "Inline cold methods that would otherwise be rejected due to "    \
+          "cold profile counters. Useful for compiler testing to expose "   \
+          "more code to compilers.")                                        \
+                                                                            \
   product(bool, IncrementalInline, true,                                    \
           "do post parse inlining")                                         \
                                                                             \

From 7644d4afd437b64674a86012ab65dd0c9861cafe Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Viktor Klang <vklang@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 2026 10:34:14 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 003/707] 8386085: Livelock in
 AbstractQueuedSyncronizer.cleanQueue() when multiple threads do tryAcquire()
 with a short timeout and no permits available

Reviewed-by: dl, alanb
---
 .../locks/AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer.java |  3 +-
 .../locks/AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java     |  3 +-
 .../util/concurrent/locks/StampedLock.java    |  3 +-
 .../util/concurrent/tck/SemaphoreTest.java    | 39 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../util/concurrent/tck/StampedLockTest.java  | 37 +++++++++++++++++-
 5 files changed, 81 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer.java
index ba81123fc35..2711f047d4f 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer.java
@@ -452,7 +452,8 @@ private void cleanQueue() {
                 if (q.status < 0) {              // cancelled
                     if ((s == null ? casTail(q, p) : s.casPrev(q, p)) &&
                         q.prev == p) {
-                        p.casNext(q, s);         // OK if fails
+                        if (s != null)
+                            p.casNext(q, s);     // OK if fails
                         if (p.prev == null)
                             signalNext(p);
                     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java
index c0779545083..526b459a87f 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java
@@ -832,7 +832,8 @@ private void cleanQueue() {
                 if (q.status < 0) {              // cancelled
                     if ((s == null ? casTail(q, p) : s.casPrev(q, p)) &&
                         q.prev == p) {
-                        p.casNext(q, s);         // OK if fails
+                        if (s != null)
+                            p.casNext(q, s);     // OK if fails
                         if (p.prev == null)
                             signalNext(p);
                     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/concurrent/locks/StampedLock.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/concurrent/locks/StampedLock.java
index 3fbfad875d6..3dfd4793cd4 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/concurrent/locks/StampedLock.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/concurrent/locks/StampedLock.java
@@ -1450,7 +1450,8 @@ private void cleanQueue() {
                 if (q.status < 0) {              // cancelled
                     if ((s == null ? casTail(q, p) : s.casPrev(q, p)) &&
                         q.prev == p) {
-                        p.casNext(q, s);         // OK if fails
+                        if (s != null)
+                            p.casNext(q, s);     // OK if fails
                         if (p.prev == null)
                             signalNext(p);
                     }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/tck/SemaphoreTest.java b/test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/tck/SemaphoreTest.java
index 5d45dc21a8e..38ba54645b9 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/tck/SemaphoreTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/tck/SemaphoreTest.java
@@ -33,11 +33,15 @@
  * Pat Fisher, Mike Judd.
  */
 
+import static java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.MICROSECONDS;
 import static java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS;
 
 import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
 import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
 import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
 
 import junit.framework.Test;
 import junit.framework.TestSuite;
@@ -672,4 +676,39 @@ public void testToString(boolean fair) {
         assertTrue(s.toString().contains("Permits = -2"));
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Test scenario for JDK-8386085
+     * When investigating failures of this test, it is important to know that AbstractQueuedSynchronizer,
+     * AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer, and StampedLock all share similar code which was fixed for JDK-8386085
+     */
+    public void testShortTimeoutAcquisition() throws InterruptedException {
+        final int width = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors();
+        try (var pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(width)) {
+            // Setup
+            final AtomicBoolean done = new AtomicBoolean(false);
+            final CountDownLatch waitingToRun = new CountDownLatch(width);
+            final Semaphore s = new Semaphore(0);
+            final Callable<Void> c = () -> {
+                waitingToRun.countDown();
+                do {
+                    s.tryAcquire(1, MICROSECONDS); // acquisition storm
+                } while (!done.get());
+                return null;
+            };
+
+            // Task creation
+            for(int i = 0; i < width; ++i)
+                pool.submit(c);
+
+            waitingToRun.await();                 // Wait for all tasks to start
+            Thread.sleep(3000);             // Wait a while for acquisitions
+            s.release(width);                     // Hand out permits
+            Thread.sleep(1000);             // Wait a while for permit acquisitions
+
+            final int permitsAvailable = s.availablePermits();
+            done.set(true);                       // Ensure that tasks can exit
+            assertTrue(permitsAvailable < width); // Some permits should've been taken
+        }
+    }
+
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/tck/StampedLockTest.java b/test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/tck/StampedLockTest.java
index 8fe8aaca569..45500fa581e 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/tck/StampedLockTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/tck/StampedLockTest.java
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@
  */
 
 import static java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.DAYS;
+import static java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.MICROSECONDS;
 import static java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS;
-
 import static java.util.concurrent.locks.StampedLock.isLockStamp;
 import static java.util.concurrent.locks.StampedLock.isOptimisticReadStamp;
 import static java.util.concurrent.locks.StampedLock.isReadLockStamp;
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
 import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
 import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
 import java.util.concurrent.Future;
 import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@@ -1527,4 +1528,38 @@ public void testConcurrentAccess() throws Exception {
             checkTimedGet(future, null);
     }
 
+        /**
+     * test scenario for JDK-8386085
+     */
+    public void testShortTimeoutAcquisition() throws InterruptedException {
+        final int width = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors();
+        final StampedLock s = new StampedLock();
+        try (var pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(width)) {
+            // Setup
+            final AtomicBoolean done = new AtomicBoolean(false);
+            final CountDownLatch waitingToRun = new CountDownLatch(width);
+            final long stamp = s.writeLock();
+            assertTrue(s.validate(stamp));
+            final Callable<Void> c = () -> {
+                waitingToRun.countDown();
+                do {
+                    long lock = s.tryWriteLock(1, MICROSECONDS); // acquisition storm
+                    if (s.validate(lock))
+                        s.unlockWrite(lock);
+                } while (!done.get());
+                return null;
+            };
+
+            // Task creation
+            for(int i = 0; i < width; ++i)
+                pool.submit(c);
+
+            waitingToRun.await();                 // Wait for all tasks to start
+            Thread.sleep(3000);             // Wait a while for acquisitions
+            s.unlockWrite(stamp);                 // Hand out permits
+            Thread.sleep(1000);             // Wait a while for permit acquisitions
+            done.set(true);                       // Ensure that tasks can exit
+        }
+        assertTrue(s.validate(s.writeLockInterruptibly())); // Should succeed
+    }
 }

From 39d2d165d2ce5467d02374add9f5803e4af57309 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jaikiran Pai <jpai@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 2026 13:39:16 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 004/707] 8154193: Move jdk.naming.rmi module to platform class
 loader

Reviewed-by: alanb, lancea
---
 make/conf/module-loader-map.conf              |  4 +-
 .../InitialContextFactoryClassLoaderTest.java | 77 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 79 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/com/sun/jndi/rmi/InitialContextFactoryClassLoaderTest.java

diff --git a/make/conf/module-loader-map.conf b/make/conf/module-loader-map.conf
index 35b9345ed8f..2d528c4b8ed 100644
--- a/make/conf/module-loader-map.conf
+++ b/make/conf/module-loader-map.conf
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 # PLATFORM_MODULES are modules defined by the platform loader
 #
 # All other modules not declared below are defined by the application loader
-# and are not included in JRE.
+# and are not included in the JDK runtime image.
 
 BOOT_MODULES= \
     java.base \
@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ BOOT_MODULES= \
     jdk.nio.mapmode \
     jdk.sctp \
     jdk.unsupported \
-    jdk.naming.rmi \
     #
 
 # Modules that directly or indirectly requiring upgradeable modules
@@ -78,6 +77,7 @@ PLATFORM_MODULES= \
     jdk.httpserver \
     jdk.localedata \
     jdk.naming.dns \
+    jdk.naming.rmi \
     jdk.security.auth \
     jdk.security.jgss \
     jdk.xml.dom \
diff --git a/test/jdk/com/sun/jndi/rmi/InitialContextFactoryClassLoaderTest.java b/test/jdk/com/sun/jndi/rmi/InitialContextFactoryClassLoaderTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..386409a9f48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/com/sun/jndi/rmi/InitialContextFactoryClassLoaderTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.ServiceLoader;
+import java.util.ServiceLoader.Provider;
+
+import javax.naming.spi.InitialContextFactory;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8154193
+ * @summary Verify that the com.sun.jndi.rmi.registry.RegistryContextFactory Service
+ *          provided by the jdk.naming.rmi module isn't loaded by the boot loader
+ * @run junit ${test.main.class}
+ */
+class InitialContextFactoryClassLoaderTest {
+
+    private static final String RMI_INITIAL_CTX_FACTORY_SERVICE =
+            "com.sun.jndi.rmi.registry.RegistryContextFactory";
+
+    /*
+     * Verifies that the javax.naming.spi.InitialContextFactory service provided by the
+     * jdk.naming.rmi module isn't loaded through the boot loader
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testClassLoader() throws Exception {
+        final ServiceLoader<InitialContextFactory> serviceLoader =
+                ServiceLoader.load(InitialContextFactory.class, null);
+        final List<? extends Class<? extends InitialContextFactory>> serviceTypes = serviceLoader
+                .stream()
+                .map(Provider::get)
+                .map(InitialContextFactory::getClass)
+                .toList();
+        System.err.println("Found InitialContextFactory services: " + serviceTypes);
+        Class<?> rmiInitialCtxService = null;
+        for (Class<?> klass : serviceTypes) {
+            if (klass.getName().equals(RMI_INITIAL_CTX_FACTORY_SERVICE)) {
+                rmiInitialCtxService = klass;
+                break; // found the relevant service
+            }
+        }
+        // verify that the RMI InitialContextFactory service was found by the ServiceLoader
+        assertNotNull(rmiInitialCtxService, RMI_INITIAL_CTX_FACTORY_SERVICE
+                + " was not found by ServiceLoader");
+        // now verify its module and the classloader
+        assertEquals("jdk.naming.rmi", rmiInitialCtxService.getModule().getName(),
+                "unexpected module for " + RMI_INITIAL_CTX_FACTORY_SERVICE + " class");
+        // we don't expect the service to be loaded by boot loader
+        assertNotNull(rmiInitialCtxService.getClassLoader(), RMI_INITIAL_CTX_FACTORY_SERVICE
+                + " was unexpectedly loaded by boot loader");
+    }
+}

From 0bf930d9f93508aad0f24008c8496882d1c08b30 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Patrick Fontanilla <pfon@amazon.com>
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 2026 16:06:59 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 005/707] 8386604: GenShen: _do_old_gc_bootstrap could become
 stuck after a full GC

Reviewed-by: wkemper, kdnilsen
---
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalControlThread.cpp  | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalControlThread.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalControlThread.cpp
index e456366be5d..ac1feacd74d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalControlThread.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalControlThread.cpp
@@ -608,6 +608,7 @@ void ShenandoahGenerationalControlThread::service_stw_full_cycle(GCCause::Cause
   ShenandoahFullGC gc;
   gc.collect(cause);
   _degen_point = ShenandoahGC::_degenerated_unset;
+  _do_old_gc_bootstrap = false;
 }
 
 void ShenandoahGenerationalControlThread::service_stw_degenerated_cycle(const ShenandoahGCRequest& request) {

From 33a49d1119826f541d78bb702e16790b8c2664eb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Weijun Wang <weijun@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 2026 16:07:48 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 006/707] 8386681: Remove RawKeySpec

Reviewed-by: ascarpino
---
 .../classes/sun/security/provider/HSS.java    |  26 +++--
 .../security/provider/NamedKeyFactory.java    |  27 +----
 .../classes/sun/security/ssl/Hybrid.java      | 109 ++++++++++--------
 .../sun/security/ssl/KAKeyDerivation.java     |  20 +++-
 .../sun/security/ssl/KEMKeyExchange.java      |  17 ++-
 .../classes/sun/security/util/KeyUtil.java    |  62 ++++++++++
 .../classes/sun/security/util/RawKeySpec.java |  52 ---------
 .../sun/security/provider/acvp/LMS_Test.java  |   8 +-
 .../sun/security/provider/hss/TestHSS.java    |   4 +-
 .../provider/named/NamedKeyFactoryTest.java   |  23 ++--
 .../bench/javax/crypto/full/HSSBench.java     |  22 +++-
 11 files changed, 203 insertions(+), 167 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/RawKeySpec.java

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/HSS.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/HSS.java
index 50afba7cab8..84b3ff2c33b 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/HSS.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/HSS.java
@@ -827,12 +827,6 @@ protected PublicKey engineGeneratePublic(KeySpec keySpec)
                 } catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
                     throw new InvalidKeySpecException(e);
                 }
-            } else if (keySpec instanceof RawKeySpec rawSpec) {
-                try {
-                    return new HSSPublicKey(rawSpec.getKeyArr(), false);
-                } catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
-                    throw new InvalidKeySpecException(e);
-                }
             }
             throw new InvalidKeySpecException("Unrecognized KeySpec");
         }
@@ -866,17 +860,27 @@ protected Key engineTranslateKey(Key key) throws InvalidKeyException {
             if (key == null) {
                 throw new InvalidKeyException("key cannot be null");
             }
+            if (!(key instanceof PublicKey)) {
+                throw new InvalidKeyException("Only support public key");
+            }
             PublicKey pKey;
             try {
                 // Check if key originates from this factory
                 if (key instanceof HSSPublicKey) {
                     return key;
                 }
-                // Convert key to spec
-                X509EncodedKeySpec x509EncodedKeySpec
-                        = engineGetKeySpec(key, X509EncodedKeySpec.class);
-                // Create key from spec, and return it
-                pKey = engineGeneratePublic(x509EncodedKeySpec);
+                String format = key.getFormat();
+                if ("X.509".equalsIgnoreCase(format)) {
+                    // Convert key to spec
+                    X509EncodedKeySpec x509EncodedKeySpec
+                            = engineGetKeySpec(key, X509EncodedKeySpec.class);
+                    // Create key from spec, and return it
+                    pKey = engineGeneratePublic(x509EncodedKeySpec);
+                } else if ("RAW".equalsIgnoreCase(format)) {
+                    pKey = new HSSPublicKey(key.getEncoded(), false);
+                } else {
+                    throw new InvalidKeyException("Unknown format " + format);
+                }
             } catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {
                 throw new InvalidKeyException(e);
             }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/NamedKeyFactory.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/NamedKeyFactory.java
index 9099f1446ff..761d97aeb85 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/NamedKeyFactory.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/NamedKeyFactory.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
 package sun.security.provider;
 
 import sun.security.pkcs.NamedPKCS8Key;
-import sun.security.util.RawKeySpec;
 import sun.security.x509.NamedX509Key;
 
 import java.security.AsymmetricKey;
@@ -53,7 +52,6 @@
 /// 2. It writes to a RAW [EncodedKeySpec] if `getKeySpec(key, EncodedKeySpec.class)`
 ///    is called. The format of the output is "RAW" and the algorithm is
 ///    intentionally left unspecified.
-/// 3. It reads from and writes to the internal type [RawKeySpec].
 ///
 /// When reading from a RAW format, it needs enough info to derive the
 /// parameter set name.
@@ -98,13 +96,6 @@ protected PublicKey engineGeneratePublic(KeySpec keySpec)
                     throw new InvalidKeySpecException(e);
                 }
             }
-            case RawKeySpec rks -> {
-                if (pnames.length == 1) {
-                    yield new NamedX509Key(fname, pnames[0], rks.getKeyArr());
-                } else {
-                    throw new InvalidKeySpecException("Parameter set name unavailable");
-                }
-            }
             case EncodedKeySpec espec when espec.getFormat().equalsIgnoreCase("RAW") -> {
                 if (pnames.length == 1) {
                     yield new NamedX509Key(fname, pnames[0], espec.getEncoded());
@@ -134,18 +125,6 @@ protected PrivateKey engineGeneratePrivate(KeySpec keySpec)
                     Arrays.fill(bytes, (byte) 0);
                 }
             }
-            case RawKeySpec rks -> {
-                if (pnames.length == 1) {
-                    var raw = rks.getKeyArr();
-                    try {
-                        yield fromRaw(pnames[0], raw);
-                    } catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
-                        throw new InvalidKeySpecException("Invalid key input", e);
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    throw new InvalidKeySpecException("Parameter set name unavailable");
-                }
-            }
             case EncodedKeySpec espec when espec.getFormat().equalsIgnoreCase("RAW") -> {
                 if (pnames.length == 1) {
                     var raw = espec.getEncoded();
@@ -212,8 +191,6 @@ protected <T extends KeySpec> T engineGetKeySpec(Key key, Class<T> keySpec)
                 if (keySpec == PKCS8EncodedKeySpec.class) {
                     return keySpec.cast(
                             new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(bytes = key.getEncoded()));
-                } else if (keySpec == RawKeySpec.class) {
-                    return keySpec.cast(new RawKeySpec(nk.getRawBytes()));
                 } else if (keySpec.isAssignableFrom(EncodedKeySpec.class)) {
                     return keySpec.cast(
                             new RawEncodedKeySpec(nk.getRawBytes()));
@@ -229,8 +206,6 @@ protected <T extends KeySpec> T engineGetKeySpec(Key key, Class<T> keySpec)
             if (keySpec == X509EncodedKeySpec.class
                     && key.getFormat().equalsIgnoreCase("X.509")) {
                 return keySpec.cast(new X509EncodedKeySpec(key.getEncoded()));
-            } else if (keySpec == RawKeySpec.class) {
-                return keySpec.cast(new RawKeySpec(nk.getRawBytes()));
             } else if (keySpec.isAssignableFrom(EncodedKeySpec.class)) {
                 return keySpec.cast(new RawEncodedKeySpec(nk.getRawBytes()));
             } else {
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/Hybrid.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/Hybrid.java
index 43634ce2f34..2d00973318a 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/Hybrid.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/Hybrid.java
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 import sun.security.util.ArrayUtil;
 import sun.security.util.CurveDB;
 import sun.security.util.ECUtil;
-import sun.security.util.RawKeySpec;
+import sun.security.util.KeyUtil;
 import sun.security.x509.X509Key;
 
 import javax.crypto.DecapsulateException;
@@ -171,21 +171,49 @@ public KeyFactoryImpl(String left, String right)
         @Override
         protected PublicKey engineGeneratePublic(KeySpec keySpec)
                 throws InvalidKeySpecException {
-            if (keySpec == null) {
-                throw new InvalidKeySpecException("keySpec must not be null");
+            throw new InvalidKeySpecException("Not supported");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected PrivateKey engineGeneratePrivate(KeySpec keySpec) throws
+                InvalidKeySpecException {
+            throw new InvalidKeySpecException("Not supported");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected <T extends KeySpec> T engineGetKeySpec(Key key,
+                Class<T> keySpec) throws InvalidKeySpecException {
+            throw new InvalidKeySpecException("Not supported");
+        }
+
+        private static int leftPublicLength(String name) {
+            return switch (name.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT)) {
+                case "secp256r1" -> 65;
+                case "secp384r1" -> 97;
+                case "ml-kem-768" -> 1184;
+                default -> throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                        "Unknown named group: " + name);
+            };
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected Key engineTranslateKey(Key inKey) throws InvalidKeyException {
+            if (inKey == null) {
+                throw new InvalidKeyException("key must not be null");
             }
 
-            if (keySpec instanceof RawKeySpec rks) {
-                byte[] key = rks.getKeyArr();
+            if (inKey instanceof PublicKey
+                    && "RAW".equalsIgnoreCase(inKey.getFormat())) {
+                byte[] key = inKey.getEncoded();
                 if (key == null) {
-                    throw new InvalidKeySpecException(
-                            "RawkeySpec contains null key data");
+                    throw new InvalidKeyException(
+                            "Key contains null key data");
                 }
                 if (key.length <= leftlen) {
-                    throw new InvalidKeySpecException(
+                    throw new InvalidKeyException(
                             "Hybrid key length " + key.length +
-                            " is too short and its left key length is " +
-                            leftlen);
+                                    " is too short and its left key length is " +
+                                    leftlen);
                 }
 
                 byte[] leftKeyBytes = Arrays.copyOfRange(key, 0, leftlen);
@@ -198,11 +226,18 @@ protected PublicKey engineGeneratePublic(KeySpec keySpec)
                         var curve = CurveDB.lookup(leftname);
                         var ecSpec = new ECPublicKeySpec(
                                 ECUtil.decodePoint(leftKeyBytes,
-                                curve.getCurve()), curve);
+                                        curve.getCurve()), curve);
                         leftKey = left.generatePublic(ecSpec);
                     } else if (leftname.startsWith("ML-KEM")) {
-                        leftKey = left.generatePublic(new RawKeySpec(
-                                leftKeyBytes));
+                        try {
+                            leftKey = (PublicKey) left.translateKey(KeyUtil
+                                    .newRawPublicKey(leftname, leftKeyBytes));
+                        } catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
+                            // Fallback to X.509 encoding if ML-KEM impl
+                            // does not support translating from RAW
+                            leftKey = left.generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(
+                                    KeyUtil.rawToX509(leftname, leftKeyBytes)));
+                        }
                     } else {
                         throw new InvalidKeySpecException("Unsupported left" +
                                 " algorithm" + leftname);
@@ -215,8 +250,15 @@ protected PublicKey engineGeneratePublic(KeySpec keySpec)
                                 new BigInteger(1, rightKeyBytes));
                         rightKey = right.generatePublic(xecSpec);
                     } else if (rightname.startsWith("ML-KEM")) {
-                        rightKey = right.generatePublic(new RawKeySpec(
-                                rightKeyBytes));
+                        try {
+                            rightKey = (PublicKey) right.translateKey(KeyUtil
+                                    .newRawPublicKey(rightname, rightKeyBytes));
+                        } catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
+                            // Fallback to X.509 encoding if ML-KEM impl
+                            // does not support translating from RAW
+                            rightKey = right.generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(
+                                    KeyUtil.rawToX509(rightname, rightKeyBytes)));
+                        }
                     } else {
                         throw new InvalidKeySpecException("Unsupported right" +
                                 " algorithm: " + rightname);
@@ -224,41 +266,14 @@ protected PublicKey engineGeneratePublic(KeySpec keySpec)
 
                     return new PublicKeyImpl("Hybrid", leftKey, rightKey);
                 } catch (Exception e) {
-                    throw new InvalidKeySpecException("Failed to decode " +
+                    throw new InvalidKeyException("Failed to decode " +
                             "hybrid key", e);
                 }
+            } else {
+                throw new InvalidKeyException("Unknown key "
+                        + inKey.getClass().getName() + " in "
+                        + inKey.getFormat());
             }
-
-            throw new InvalidKeySpecException(
-                    "KeySpec type:" +
-                    keySpec.getClass().getName() + " not supported");
-        }
-
-        private static int leftPublicLength(String name) {
-            return switch (name.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT)) {
-                case "secp256r1" -> 65;
-                case "secp384r1" -> 97;
-                case "ml-kem-768" -> 1184;
-                default -> throw new IllegalArgumentException(
-                        "Unknown named group: " + name);
-            };
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        protected PrivateKey engineGeneratePrivate(KeySpec keySpec) throws
-                InvalidKeySpecException {
-            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        protected <T extends KeySpec> T engineGetKeySpec(Key key,
-                Class<T> keySpec) throws InvalidKeySpecException {
-            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        protected Key engineTranslateKey(Key key) throws InvalidKeyException {
-            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/KAKeyDerivation.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/KAKeyDerivation.java
index 0ca197160a9..95b021b0f6e 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/KAKeyDerivation.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/KAKeyDerivation.java
@@ -24,8 +24,6 @@
  */
 package sun.security.ssl;
 
-import sun.security.util.RawKeySpec;
-
 import javax.crypto.DecapsulateException;
 import javax.crypto.KDF;
 import javax.crypto.KEM;
@@ -42,6 +40,8 @@
 import java.security.Provider;
 import java.security.PublicKey;
 import java.security.SecureRandom;
+import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
+
 import sun.security.util.KeyUtil;
 
 /**
@@ -185,7 +185,21 @@ KEM.Encapsulated encapsulate(String algorithm, SecureRandom random)
             KeyFactory kf = (provider != null) ?
                     KeyFactory.getInstance(algorithmName, provider) :
                     KeyFactory.getInstance(algorithmName);
-            var pk = kf.generatePublic(new RawKeySpec(keyshare));
+            PublicKey pk;
+            try {
+                pk = (PublicKey) kf.translateKey(
+                        KeyUtil.newRawPublicKey(algorithmName, keyshare));
+            } catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
+                // Fallback to X.509 encoding if ML-KEM impl
+                // does not support translating from RAW
+                try {
+                    pk = kf.generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(
+                            KeyUtil.rawToX509(algorithmName, keyshare)));
+                } catch (GeneralSecurityException e2) {
+                    e2.addSuppressed(e);
+                    throw new InvalidKeyException(e2);
+                }
+            }
 
             KEM kem = (provider != null) ?
                     KEM.getInstance(algorithmName, provider) :
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/KEMKeyExchange.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/KEMKeyExchange.java
index fb8de6cb104..2ce3c57e412 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/KEMKeyExchange.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/KEMKeyExchange.java
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
 import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
 
 import sun.security.ssl.NamedGroup.NamedGroupSpec;
+import sun.security.util.KeyUtil;
 import sun.security.x509.X509Key;
 
 /**
@@ -140,10 +141,20 @@ static final class KEMReceiverPossession extends KEMPossession {
         public byte[] encode() {
             if (publicKey instanceof X509Key xk) {
                 return xk.getKeyAsBytes();
-            } else if (publicKey instanceof Hybrid.PublicKeyImpl hk) {
-                return hk.getEncoded();
+            } else {
+                String format = publicKey.getFormat();
+                if ("RAW".equalsIgnoreCase(format)) {
+                    return publicKey.getEncoded();
+                } else if ("X.509".equalsIgnoreCase(format)) {
+                    try {
+                        return KeyUtil.x509ToRaw(publicKey.getEncoded());
+                    } catch (IOException e) {
+                        throw new ProviderException("Invalid X.509 format");
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    throw new ProviderException("Unknown format " + format);
+                }
             }
-            throw new ProviderException("Unsupported key type: " + publicKey);
         }
 
         // Package-private
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/KeyUtil.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/KeyUtil.java
index 5a14deb70a4..0c0bc134353 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/KeyUtil.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/KeyUtil.java
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
 import sun.security.jca.JCAUtil;
 import sun.security.pkcs.PKCS8Key;
 import sun.security.x509.AlgorithmId;
+import sun.security.x509.X509Key;
 
 /**
  * A utility class to get key length, validate keys, etc.
@@ -589,5 +590,66 @@ public static <T> T clear(byte[] encoding, Function<byte[], T> op) {
             }
         }
     }
+
+    public static PublicKey newRawPublicKey(String algorithm, byte[] key) {
+        return newRawPublicKey(algorithm, null, key);
+    }
+
+    public static PublicKey newRawPublicKey(String algorithm,
+            AlgorithmParameterSpec params, byte[] key) {
+        return new RawPublicKey(algorithm, params, key);
+    }
+
+    private record RawPublicKey(String algorithm, AlgorithmParameterSpec params,
+            byte[] data) implements PublicKey {
+
+        RawPublicKey {
+            data = data.clone();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String getAlgorithm() {
+            return algorithm;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String getFormat() {
+            return "RAW";
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public byte[] getEncoded() {
+            return data.clone();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public AlgorithmParameterSpec getParams() {
+            return params;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Convert RAW encoding to X.509 encoding of a public key.
+    // The AlgorithmId will be a single OID from `pname`, so this
+    // cannot be used by EC or RSASSA-PSS.
+    static public byte[] rawToX509(String pname, byte[] bytes)
+            throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
+        return new X509Key(AlgorithmId.get(pname),
+                new BitArray(bytes.length * 8, bytes)).getEncoded();
+    }
+
+    // Convert X.509 encoding to RAW encoding of a public key.
+    // AlgorithmId is ignored. No check for trailing data after key.
+    static public byte[] x509ToRaw(byte[] bytes) throws IOException {
+        DerValue in = new DerValue(bytes);
+        if (in.tag != DerValue.tag_Sequence) {
+            throw new IOException("corrupt subject key");
+        }
+        AlgorithmId.parse(in.data.getDerValue());
+        BitArray keyMaterial = in.data.getUnalignedBitString();
+        if (keyMaterial.length() % 8 != 0) {
+            throw new IOException("Unaligned bits in public key");
+        }
+        return keyMaterial.toByteArray();
+    }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/RawKeySpec.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/RawKeySpec.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 8e811573453..00000000000
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/RawKeySpec.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
- *
- * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
- * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
- * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
- *
- * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
- * accompanied this code).
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
- * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *
- * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
- * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
- * questions.
- */
-
-package sun.security.util;
-
-import java.security.spec.KeySpec;
-
-/**
- * This is a KeySpec that is used to specify a key by its byte array implementation.
- * It is intended to be used in testing algorithms where the algorithm specification
- * describes the key in this form.
- */
-public class RawKeySpec implements KeySpec {
-    private final byte[] keyArr;
-    /**
-     * The sole constructor.
-     * @param key contains the key as a byte array
-     */
-    public RawKeySpec(byte[] key) {
-        keyArr = key.clone();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Getter function.
-     * @return a copy of the key bits
-     */
-    public byte[] getKeyArr() {
-        return keyArr.clone();
-    }
-}
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/security/provider/acvp/LMS_Test.java b/test/jdk/sun/security/provider/acvp/LMS_Test.java
index 692e398359f..c8858ff8d14 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/security/provider/acvp/LMS_Test.java
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/security/provider/acvp/LMS_Test.java
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
  */
 import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
 import jdk.test.lib.json.JSONValue;
-import sun.security.util.RawKeySpec;
+import sun.security.util.KeyUtil;
 
 import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
 import java.security.KeyFactory;
@@ -62,11 +62,11 @@ static void sigVerTest(JSONValue kat, Provider p) throws Exception {
 
                 // Convert to HSS key by prepending height of tree (1)
                 // to the LMS public key.
-                RawKeySpec rks = new RawKeySpec(toByteArray(
-                        "00000001" + t.get("publicKey").asString()));
                 KeyFactory kf = p == null ? KeyFactory.getInstance("HSS/LMS") :
                         KeyFactory.getInstance("HSS/LMS", p);
-                PublicKey pk1 = kf.generatePublic(rks);
+                PublicKey pk1 = (PublicKey) kf.translateKey(KeyUtil
+                        .newRawPublicKey("HSS/LMS", toByteArray(
+                                "00000001" + t.get("publicKey").asString())));
 
                 try {
                     s.initVerify(pk1);
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/security/provider/hss/TestHSS.java b/test/jdk/sun/security/provider/hss/TestHSS.java
index 48019d4e465..d2d815b2025 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/security/provider/hss/TestHSS.java
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/security/provider/hss/TestHSS.java
@@ -167,9 +167,9 @@ static boolean verifyRawKey(byte[] pk, byte[] sig, byte[] msg)
         PublicKey pk1;
 
         // build public key
-        RawKeySpec rks = new RawKeySpec(pk);
         KeyFactory kf = KeyFactory.getInstance(ALG, provider);
-        pk1 = kf.generatePublic(rks);
+        pk1 = (PublicKey) kf.translateKey(KeyUtil
+                .newRawPublicKey(ALG, pk));
 
         var v = Signature.getInstance(ALG);
         v.initVerify(pk1);
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/security/provider/named/NamedKeyFactoryTest.java b/test/jdk/sun/security/provider/named/NamedKeyFactoryTest.java
index e58809fcb69..ff5430e60bc 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/security/provider/named/NamedKeyFactoryTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/security/provider/named/NamedKeyFactoryTest.java
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@
 import sun.security.pkcs.NamedPKCS8Key;
 import sun.security.provider.NamedKeyFactory;
 import sun.security.provider.NamedKeyPairGenerator;
-import sun.security.util.RawKeySpec;
 import sun.security.x509.NamedX509Key;
 
 import java.security.*;
@@ -119,30 +118,22 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         Utils.runAndCheckException(() -> kf5.generatePublic(skSpec),
                 InvalidKeySpecException.class);
 
-        // The private RawKeySpec and unnamed RAW EncodedKeySpec
-        var prk = kf.getKeySpec(pk, RawKeySpec.class);
-        Asserts.assertEqualsByteArray(prk.getKeyArr(), pk.getRawBytes());
-        var prk2 = kf.getKeySpec(pk, EncodedKeySpec.class);
-        Asserts.assertEquals("RAW", prk2.getFormat());
-        Asserts.assertEqualsByteArray(prk.getKeyArr(), prk2.getEncoded());
+        // The unnamed RAW EncodedKeySpec
+        var prk = kf.getKeySpec(pk, EncodedKeySpec.class);
+        Asserts.assertEquals("RAW", prk.getFormat());
+        Asserts.assertEqualsByteArray(pk.getRawBytes(), prk.getEncoded());
 
         Asserts.assertEqualsByteArray(kf2.generatePublic(prk).getEncoded(), pk.getEncoded());
         Utils.runAndCheckException(() -> kf.generatePublic(prk), InvalidKeySpecException.class); // no pname
-        Asserts.assertEqualsByteArray(kf2.generatePublic(prk2).getEncoded(), pk.getEncoded());
-        Utils.runAndCheckException(() -> kf.generatePublic(prk2), InvalidKeySpecException.class); // no pname
 
-        var srk = kf.getKeySpec(sk, RawKeySpec.class);
-        Asserts.assertEqualsByteArray(srk.getKeyArr(), sk.getRawBytes());
-        var srk2 = kf.getKeySpec(sk, EncodedKeySpec.class);
-        Asserts.assertEquals("RAW", srk2.getFormat());
-        Asserts.assertEqualsByteArray(srk2.getEncoded(), sk.getRawBytes());
+        var srk = kf.getKeySpec(sk, EncodedKeySpec.class);
+        Asserts.assertEquals("RAW", srk.getFormat());
+        Asserts.assertEqualsByteArray(srk.getEncoded(), sk.getRawBytes());
 
         checkKey(kf2.generatePrivate(srk), "SHA", "SHA-256");
         Asserts.assertEqualsByteArray(kf2.generatePrivate(srk).getEncoded(), sk.getEncoded());
         Utils.runAndCheckException(() -> kf.generatePrivate(srk), InvalidKeySpecException.class); // no pname
         checkKey(kf2.generatePrivate(srk), "SHA", "SHA-256");
-        Asserts.assertEqualsByteArray(kf2.generatePrivate(srk2).getEncoded(), sk.getEncoded());
-        Utils.runAndCheckException(() -> kf.generatePrivate(srk2), InvalidKeySpecException.class); // no pname
 
         var pk1 = new PublicKey() {
             public String getAlgorithm() { return "SHA"; }
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/javax/crypto/full/HSSBench.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/javax/crypto/full/HSSBench.java
index 13cc9a25113..856667a4e8b 100644
--- a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/javax/crypto/full/HSSBench.java
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/javax/crypto/full/HSSBench.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
-import sun.security.util.RawKeySpec;
 
 import java.security.KeyFactory;
+import java.security.PublicKey;
 import java.security.Security;
 import java.security.Signature;
 import java.util.HexFormat;
@@ -64,7 +64,23 @@ static byte[] decode(String s) {
 
     public static Signature getVerifier(byte[] pk) throws Exception {
         var kf = KeyFactory.getInstance("HSS/LMS", Security.getProvider("SUN"));
-        var pk1 = kf.generatePublic(new RawKeySpec(pk));
+        var pk1 = (PublicKey) kf.translateKey(new PublicKey() {
+
+            @Override
+            public String getAlgorithm() {
+                return "HSS/LMS";
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public String getFormat() {
+                return "RAW";
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public byte[] getEncoded() {
+                return pk.clone();
+            }
+        });
 
         var vv = Signature.getInstance("HSS/LMS");
         vv.initVerify(pk1);

From 96513c34c6e3e5ca70cbdecbafb3b6409df79cc0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jeremy Wood <jwood@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 2026 16:12:18 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 007/707] 8381236: VoiceOver Fails to Identify Component After
 Switching Windows

Reviewed-by: kizune, psadhukhan
---
 .../classes/sun/lwawt/macosx/CAccessible.java |  52 ++++++++-
 .../8381236/VoiceOverHierarchyChangeTest.java | 103 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 152 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/javax/accessibility/8381236/VoiceOverHierarchyChangeTest.java

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/sun/lwawt/macosx/CAccessible.java b/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/sun/lwawt/macosx/CAccessible.java
index 4315abe6197..b0794da2e29 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/sun/lwawt/macosx/CAccessible.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/sun/lwawt/macosx/CAccessible.java
@@ -25,7 +25,12 @@
 
 package sun.lwawt.macosx;
 
+import java.awt.AWTEvent;
 import java.awt.Component;
+import java.awt.Container;
+import java.awt.Toolkit;
+import java.awt.event.AWTEventListener;
+import java.awt.event.ContainerEvent;
 import java.beans.PropertyChangeEvent;
 import java.beans.PropertyChangeListener;
 import java.util.Objects;
@@ -52,6 +57,16 @@
 final class CAccessible extends CFRetainedResource implements Accessible {
 
     public static CAccessible getCAccessible(final Accessible a) {
+        return getCAccessible(a, true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param createIfUndefined if there is not yet a cached CAccessible for
+     *                          the given Accessible, then this boolean
+     *                          controls whether this method creates a new
+     *                          CAccessible or returns null.
+     */
+    private static CAccessible getCAccessible(final Accessible a, final boolean createIfUndefined) {
         if (a == null) return null;
         AccessibleContext context = a.getAccessibleContext();
         AWTAccessor.AccessibleContextAccessor accessor
@@ -60,9 +75,40 @@ public static CAccessible getCAccessible(final Accessible a) {
         if (cachedCAX != null) {
             return cachedCAX;
         }
-        final CAccessible newCAX = new CAccessible(a);
-        accessor.setNativeAXResource(context, newCAX);
-        return newCAX;
+        if (createIfUndefined) {
+            final CAccessible newCAX = new CAccessible(a);
+            accessor.setNativeAXResource(context, newCAX);
+            return newCAX;
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    static {
+        // Call CAccessible.dispose() as objects are removed from the AWT hierarchy.
+        AWTEventListener componentRemovedListener = new AWTEventListener() {
+            @Override
+            public void eventDispatched(AWTEvent event) {
+                if (event.getID() == ContainerEvent.COMPONENT_REMOVED) {
+                    ContainerEvent containerEvent = (ContainerEvent) event;
+                    disposeRecursively(containerEvent.getChild());
+                }
+            }
+
+            private void disposeRecursively(Component c) {
+                if (c instanceof Container container) {
+                    for (Component child : container.getComponents()) {
+                        disposeRecursively(child);
+                    }
+                }
+                if (c instanceof Accessible ax) {
+                    CAccessible ca = getCAccessible(ax, false);
+                    if (ca != null) {
+                        ca.dispose();
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().addAWTEventListener(componentRemovedListener, ContainerEvent.CONTAINER_EVENT_MASK);
     }
 
     private static native void unregisterFromCocoaAXSystem(long ptr);
diff --git a/test/jdk/javax/accessibility/8381236/VoiceOverHierarchyChangeTest.java b/test/jdk/javax/accessibility/8381236/VoiceOverHierarchyChangeTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..42a0de1c405
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/javax/accessibility/8381236/VoiceOverHierarchyChangeTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import javax.swing.JButton;
+import javax.swing.JFrame;
+import javax.swing.JPanel;
+import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
+import java.awt.BorderLayout;
+import java.awt.Dimension;
+import java.awt.Rectangle;
+import java.awt.event.ComponentAdapter;
+import java.awt.event.ComponentEvent;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key headful
+ * @bug 8381236
+ * @summary manual test for VoiceOver that moves Components across Windows
+ * @requires os.family == "mac"
+ * @library /java/awt/regtesthelpers
+ * @build PassFailJFrame
+ * @run main/manual VoiceOverHierarchyChangeTest
+ */
+
+public class VoiceOverHierarchyChangeTest {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        String INSTRUCTIONS = """
+                INSTRUCTIONS:
+                1. Open VoiceOver
+                2. Move the mouse over the "Does Nothing" button
+                3. Click the "Move To Other Window" button
+                4. Move the mouse over the "Does Nothing" button
+
+                Expected behavior: VoiceOver reads "Does Nothing" after steps
+                2 and 4.
+                """;
+
+        PassFailJFrame.builder()
+                .title("VoiceOverHierarchyChangeTest Instruction")
+                .instructions(INSTRUCTIONS)
+                .columns(40)
+                .testUI(VoiceOverHierarchyChangeTest::createUI)
+                .build()
+                .awaitAndCheck();
+    }
+    public static JFrame createUI() {
+        JFrame f1 = new JFrame();
+        f1.getContentPane().setPreferredSize(new Dimension(300, 100));
+        JFrame f2 = new JFrame();
+        f2.getContentPane().setPreferredSize(new Dimension(300, 100));
+
+        JButton hopButton = new JButton("Move To Other Window");
+        JButton noopButton = new JButton("Does Nothing");
+        JPanel panel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
+        panel.add(hopButton, BorderLayout.NORTH);
+        panel.add(noopButton, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
+
+        hopButton.addActionListener(e -> {
+            if (SwingUtilities.isDescendingFrom(hopButton, f1)) {
+                f2.getContentPane().add(panel);
+            } else {
+                f1.getContentPane().add(panel);
+            }
+            f1.repaint();
+            f2.repaint();
+        });
+
+        f1.getContentPane().add(panel);
+        f1.pack();
+        f2.pack();
+
+        f1.addComponentListener(new ComponentAdapter() {
+            @Override
+            public void componentMoved(ComponentEvent e) {
+                Rectangle r = f1.getBounds();
+                f2.setLocation(r.x, r.y + r.height);
+                f2.setVisible(true);
+            }
+        });
+
+        return f1;
+    }
+}

From 1ad2db7ad11e5158177b10d5e8edbc0a8547f084 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Shawn Emery <semery@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 2026 17:16:21 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 008/707] 8386473: DESKeySpec and DESedeKeySpec may throw
 InvalidKeyException instead of ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException for
 Integer.MIN_VALUE offset

Reviewed-by: mullan, syan
---
 .../classes/javax/crypto/spec/DESKeySpec.java | 18 ++++-----
 .../javax/crypto/spec/DESedeKeySpec.java      | 12 +++---
 .../crypto/spec/DESKeySpec/OffsetKey.java     | 37 +++++++++++++++----
 3 files changed, 45 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/javax/crypto/spec/DESKeySpec.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/javax/crypto/spec/DESKeySpec.java
index a2afd88c3ba..45511a8bbef 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/javax/crypto/spec/DESKeySpec.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/javax/crypto/spec/DESKeySpec.java
@@ -156,12 +156,12 @@ public DESKeySpec(byte[] key, int offset) throws InvalidKeyException {
         if (key == null) {
             throw new NullPointerException("null key");
         }
-        if (key.length - offset < DES_KEY_LEN) {
-            throw new InvalidKeyException("Wrong key size");
-        }
         if (offset < 0) {
             throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException("offset is negative");
         }
+        if (key.length - offset < DES_KEY_LEN) {
+            throw new InvalidKeyException("Wrong key size");
+        }
         this.key = new byte[DES_KEY_LEN];
         System.arraycopy(key, offset, this.key, 0, DES_KEY_LEN);
     }
@@ -198,12 +198,12 @@ public static boolean isParityAdjusted(byte[] key, int offset)
             if (key == null) {
                 throw new InvalidKeyException("null key");
             }
-            if (key.length - offset < DES_KEY_LEN) {
-                throw new InvalidKeyException("Wrong key size");
-            }
             if (offset < 0) {
                 throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException("offset is negative");
             }
+            if (key.length - offset < DES_KEY_LEN) {
+                throw new InvalidKeyException("Wrong key size");
+            }
             for (int i = 0; i < DES_KEY_LEN; i++) {
                 int k = Integer.bitCount(key[offset++] & 0xff);
                 if ((k & 1) == 0) {
@@ -235,12 +235,12 @@ public static boolean isWeak(byte[] key, int offset)
         if (key == null) {
             throw new InvalidKeyException("null key");
         }
-        if (key.length - offset < DES_KEY_LEN) {
-            throw new InvalidKeyException("Wrong key size");
-        }
         if (offset < 0) {
             throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException("offset is negative");
         }
+        if (key.length - offset < DES_KEY_LEN) {
+            throw new InvalidKeyException("Wrong key size");
+        }
         for (int i = 0; i < WEAK_KEYS.length; i++) {
             boolean found = true;
             for (int j = 0; j < DES_KEY_LEN; j++) {
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/javax/crypto/spec/DESedeKeySpec.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/javax/crypto/spec/DESedeKeySpec.java
index fb5a19b4a9b..9d93ea90bc9 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/javax/crypto/spec/DESedeKeySpec.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/javax/crypto/spec/DESedeKeySpec.java
@@ -86,12 +86,12 @@ public DESedeKeySpec(byte[] key, int offset) throws InvalidKeyException {
         if (key == null) {
             throw new NullPointerException("null key");
         }
-        if (key.length - offset < DES_EDE_KEY_LEN) {
-            throw new InvalidKeyException("Wrong key size");
-        }
         if (offset < 0) {
             throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException("offset is negative");
         }
+        if (key.length - offset < DES_EDE_KEY_LEN) {
+            throw new InvalidKeyException("Wrong key size");
+        }
         this.key = new byte[24];
         System.arraycopy(key, offset, this.key, 0, DES_EDE_KEY_LEN);
     }
@@ -126,12 +126,12 @@ public static boolean isParityAdjusted(byte[] key, int offset)
         if (key == null) {
             throw new InvalidKeyException("null key");
         }
-        if (key.length - offset < DES_EDE_KEY_LEN) {
-            throw new InvalidKeyException("Wrong key size");
-        }
         if (offset < 0) {
             throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException("offset is negative");
         }
+        if (key.length - offset < DES_EDE_KEY_LEN) {
+            throw new InvalidKeyException("Wrong key size");
+        }
         return DESKeySpec.isParityAdjusted(key, offset)
                 && DESKeySpec.isParityAdjusted(key, offset + 8)
                 && DESKeySpec.isParityAdjusted(key, offset + 16);
diff --git a/test/jdk/javax/crypto/spec/DESKeySpec/OffsetKey.java b/test/jdk/javax/crypto/spec/DESKeySpec/OffsetKey.java
index c97bb819ba2..f0f4c149895 100644
--- a/test/jdk/javax/crypto/spec/DESKeySpec/OffsetKey.java
+++ b/test/jdk/javax/crypto/spec/DESKeySpec/OffsetKey.java
@@ -23,11 +23,9 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 8364121
- * @summary DESKeySpec.isWeak should throw aiobe exception if the offset is
- * negative.
+ * @bug 8364121 8386473
+ * @summary Test DES[ede]KeySpec for negative and integer overflow offsets
  */
-import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
 import javax.crypto.spec.DESedeKeySpec;
 import javax.crypto.spec.DESKeySpec;
 
@@ -52,21 +50,46 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             boolean weak = DESKeySpec.isWeak(strongKey, -1);
             throw new Exception("expected ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException");
         } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aiobe) {}
-        try{
+        try {
             boolean parityAdjusted = DESKeySpec.isParityAdjusted(strongKey, -1);
             throw new Exception("expected ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException");
         } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aiobe) {}
 
+        try {
+            DESKeySpec desKey = new DESKeySpec(strongKey, Integer.MIN_VALUE);
+            throw new Exception("expected ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException");
+        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aiobe) {}
+        try {
+            boolean weak = DESKeySpec.isWeak(strongKey, Integer.MIN_VALUE);
+            throw new Exception("expected ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException");
+        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aiobe) {}
+        try {
+            boolean parityAdjusted = DESKeySpec.isParityAdjusted(strongKey,
+                    Integer.MIN_VALUE);
+            throw new Exception("expected ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException");
+        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aiobe) {}
+
         // Test triple-DES
-        try{
+        try {
             DESedeKeySpec desEdeKey = new DESedeKeySpec(strongKey, -1);
             throw new Exception("expected ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException");
         } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aiobe) {}
-        try{
+        try {
             boolean parityAdjusted = DESedeKeySpec.isParityAdjusted(strongKey,
                     -1);
             throw new Exception("expected ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException");
         } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aiobe) {}
+
+        try {
+            DESedeKeySpec desEdeKey = new DESedeKeySpec(strongKey,
+                    Integer.MIN_VALUE);
+            throw new Exception("expected ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException");
+        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aiobe) {}
+        try {
+            boolean parityAdjusted = DESedeKeySpec.isParityAdjusted(strongKey,
+                    Integer.MIN_VALUE);
+            throw new Exception("expected ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException");
+        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aiobe) {}
     }
 
 }

From 37856eccb36c722e37653b23d21646e9a7dadf06 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Shawn Emery <semery@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 2026 17:16:48 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 009/707] 8386466: DESedeKeySpec.isParityAdjusted spec permits
 8-byte key but RI throws InvalidKeyException

Reviewed-by: mullan
---
 .../share/classes/javax/crypto/spec/DESedeKeySpec.java          | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/javax/crypto/spec/DESedeKeySpec.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/javax/crypto/spec/DESedeKeySpec.java
index 9d93ea90bc9..35cbbf9e462 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/javax/crypto/spec/DESedeKeySpec.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/javax/crypto/spec/DESedeKeySpec.java
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ public byte[] getKey() {
      *
      * @exception InvalidKeyException if the given key material is
      * <code>null</code>, or starting at <code>offset</code> inclusive, is
-     * shorter than 8 bytes.
+     * shorter than 24 bytes.
      * @exception ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if <code>offset</code> is
      * negative.
      */

From d5b3643b56817f96953a87279c0a0370df6dbde4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Xiaolong Peng <xpeng@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 2026 18:29:51 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 010/707] 8385592: Shenandoah: Introduce ShenandoahAllocator
 interface to encapsulate memory allocation 8385596: Shenandoah: Introduce
 per-partition allocators with FreeSet API boundary

Reviewed-by: kdnilsen, wkemper
---
 .../shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.inline.hpp |   4 +-
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocator.cpp     |  69 ++++++
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocator.hpp     |  63 ++++++
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.cpp | 200 +++++++++++++++++-
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.hpp |  61 ++++--
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp    |  36 ++--
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.hpp    |   5 +-
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp |  18 +-
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp |   6 +-
 .../shenandoahPartitionAllocator.cpp          | 172 +++++++++++++++
 .../shenandoahPartitionAllocator.hpp          |  66 ++++++
 .../test_shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp          |   6 +-
 12 files changed, 642 insertions(+), 64 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocator.cpp
 create mode 100644 src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocator.hpp
 create mode 100644 src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPartitionAllocator.cpp
 create mode 100644 src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPartitionAllocator.hpp

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.inline.hpp
index 4872b288a5b..9ffad0d312c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.inline.hpp
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ void ShenandoahAllocRate<Clock>::update_minimum_sample_size(const size_t availab
 
 template<typename Clock>
 void ShenandoahAllocRate<Clock>::allocated(const size_t allocated_bytes) {
-  size_t unsampled = _allocated_bytes_since_last_sample.add_then_fetch(allocated_bytes);
+  size_t unsampled = _allocated_bytes_since_last_sample.add_then_fetch(allocated_bytes, memory_order_relaxed);
   const size_t minimum_sample_size = _minimum_sample_size.load_relaxed();
   if (unsampled < minimum_sample_size) {
     // Not enough to sample yet
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ void ShenandoahAllocRate<Clock>::take_sample(jlong now, jlong elapsed, size_t un
 
   // We are recording this sample, deduct it from the counter. It may be increased
   // concurrently by other threads outside the lock, so we still use an atomic access.
-  _allocated_bytes_since_last_sample.sub_then_fetch(unsampled);
+  _allocated_bytes_since_last_sample.sub_then_fetch(unsampled, memory_order_relaxed);
 
   const double timestamp = static_cast<double>(_last_sample_time) / Clock::elapsed_frequency();
   const double rate_seconds = static_cast<double>(unsampled) * Clock::elapsed_frequency() / elapsed;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocator.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocator.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e656e206272
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocator.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE THIS COPYRIGHT NOTICE OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocator.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRequest.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.hpp"
+
+ShenandoahAllocator::ShenandoahAllocator(ShenandoahFreeSet* free_set)
+  : _free_set(free_set),
+    _mutator_alloc(free_set),
+    _collector_alloc(free_set),
+    _old_collector_alloc(free_set) {}
+
+HeapWord* ShenandoahAllocator::allocate(ShenandoahAllocRequest& req, bool& in_new_region) {
+  if (ShenandoahHeapRegion::requires_humongous(req.size())) {
+    ShenandoahHeapLocker locker(ShenandoahHeap::heap()->lock(), req.is_mutator_alloc());
+    switch (req.type()) {
+      case ShenandoahAllocRequest::_alloc_shared:
+      case ShenandoahAllocRequest::_alloc_shared_gc:
+        in_new_region = true;
+        return _free_set->allocate_contiguous(req, /* is_humongous = */ true);
+      case ShenandoahAllocRequest::_alloc_cds:
+        in_new_region = true;
+        return _free_set->allocate_contiguous(req, /* is_humongous = */ false);
+      default:
+        ShouldNotReachHere();
+        in_new_region = false;
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Route to the appropriate per-partition allocator.
+  if (req.is_mutator_alloc()) {
+    return _mutator_alloc.allocate(req, in_new_region);
+  } else if (req.is_old()) {
+    return _old_collector_alloc.allocate(req, in_new_region);
+  } else {
+    return _collector_alloc.allocate(req, in_new_region);
+  }
+}
+
+void ShenandoahAllocator::release_alloc_regions() {
+  _mutator_alloc.release_alloc_region();
+  _collector_alloc.release_alloc_region();
+  _old_collector_alloc.release_alloc_region();
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocator.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocator.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d2c8abb2faa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocator.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE THIS COPYRIGHT NOTICE OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHALLOCATOR_HPP
+#define SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHALLOCATOR_HPP
+
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRequest.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPartitionAllocator.hpp"
+#include "memory/allocation.hpp"
+
+typedef ShenandoahPartitionAllocator<ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator>      ShenandoahMutatorAllocator;
+typedef ShenandoahPartitionAllocator<ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Collector>    ShenandoahCollectorAllocator;
+typedef ShenandoahPartitionAllocator<ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::OldCollector> ShenandoahOldCollectorAllocator;
+
+// ShenandoahAllocator is the single entry point for memory allocations. Humongous
+// requests are served directly via ShenandoahFreeSet; all other requests are routed
+// to the appropriate per-partition allocator (mutator, collector, or old-collector).
+// Both paths run under the heap lock.
+class ShenandoahAllocator : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
+private:
+  ShenandoahFreeSet*                  _free_set;
+  ShenandoahMutatorAllocator          _mutator_alloc;
+  ShenandoahCollectorAllocator        _collector_alloc;
+  ShenandoahOldCollectorAllocator     _old_collector_alloc;
+
+public:
+  ShenandoahAllocator(ShenandoahFreeSet* free_set);
+
+  // Allocate memory from heap for a request. Humongous requests are served directly via
+  // ShenandoahFreeSet; all other requests are routed to the mutator, collector, or
+  // old-collector partition allocator based on request type. The heap lock is taken
+  // on both paths (here for humongous, inside the partition allocator otherwise).
+  // Returns nullptr if the request cannot be satisfied. Sets in_new_region to indicate
+  // whether the returned address is the first allocation in a freshly acquired region.
+  HeapWord* allocate(ShenandoahAllocRequest& req, bool& in_new_region);
+
+  // Release the cached alloc region in every partition allocator. Call before the
+  // free set is rebuilt, since rebuild may reclassify region affiliation/membership.
+  void release_alloc_regions();
+};
+
+#endif // SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHALLOCATOR_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.cpp
index 9d2b92a5255..3bbca7de1ff 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 
 #include "gc/shared/tlab_globals.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAffiliation.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocator.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegionSet.hpp"
@@ -222,18 +223,18 @@ ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId ShenandoahFreeSet::prepare_to_promote_in_place(size
   return p;
 }
 
-inline bool ShenandoahFreeSet::can_allocate_from(ShenandoahHeapRegion *r) const {
+bool ShenandoahFreeSet::can_allocate_from(ShenandoahHeapRegion *r) const {
   const auto state = r->state();
   return ShenandoahHeapRegion::is_empty_state(state)
       || (ShenandoahHeapRegion::is_trash(state) && !_heap->is_concurrent_weak_root_in_progress());
 }
 
-inline bool ShenandoahFreeSet::can_allocate_from(size_t idx) const {
+bool ShenandoahFreeSet::can_allocate_from(size_t idx) const {
   ShenandoahHeapRegion* r = _heap->get_region(idx);
   return can_allocate_from(r);
 }
 
-inline size_t ShenandoahFreeSet::alloc_capacity(ShenandoahHeapRegion *r) const {
+size_t ShenandoahFreeSet::alloc_capacity(ShenandoahHeapRegion *r) const {
   if (r->is_trash()) {
     // This would be recycled on allocation path
     return ShenandoahHeapRegion::region_size_bytes();
@@ -242,12 +243,12 @@ inline size_t ShenandoahFreeSet::alloc_capacity(ShenandoahHeapRegion *r) const {
   }
 }
 
-inline size_t ShenandoahFreeSet::alloc_capacity(size_t idx) const {
+size_t ShenandoahFreeSet::alloc_capacity(size_t idx) const {
   ShenandoahHeapRegion* r = _heap->get_region(idx);
   return alloc_capacity(r);
 }
 
-inline bool ShenandoahFreeSet::has_alloc_capacity(ShenandoahHeapRegion *r) const {
+bool ShenandoahFreeSet::has_alloc_capacity(ShenandoahHeapRegion *r) const {
   return alloc_capacity(r) > 0;
 }
 
@@ -289,7 +290,181 @@ void ShenandoahFreeSet::resize_old_collector_capacity(size_t regions) {
   // else, old generation is already appropriately sized
 }
 
-inline idx_t ShenandoahRegionPartitions::leftmost(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition) const {
+void ShenandoahFreeSet::notify_allocation(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId partition, bool in_new_region, bool boundary_changed) {
+  switch (partition) {
+  case ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator:
+    recompute_total_used</* UsedByMutatorChanged */ true,
+                         /* UsedByCollectorChanged */ false, /* UsedByOldCollectorChanged */ false>();
+    if (in_new_region) {
+      recompute_total_affiliated</* MutatorEmptiesChanged */ true, /* CollectorEmptiesChanged */ false,
+                                 /* OldCollectorEmptiesChanged */ false, /* MutatorSizeChanged */ false,
+                                 /* CollectorSizeChanged */ false, /* OldCollectorSizeChanged */ false,
+                                 /* AffiliatedChangesAreYoungNeutral */ false, /* AffiliatedChangesAreGlobalNeutral */ false,
+                                 /* UnaffiliatedChangesAreYoungNeutral */ false>();
+    }
+    break;
+  case ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Collector:
+    recompute_total_used</* UsedByMutatorChanged */ false,
+                         /* UsedByCollectorChanged */ true, /* UsedByOldCollectorChanged */ false>();
+    if (in_new_region) {
+      recompute_total_affiliated</* MutatorEmptiesChanged */ false, /* CollectorEmptiesChanged */ true,
+                                 /* OldCollectorEmptiesChanged */ false, /* MutatorSizeChanged */ false,
+                                 /* CollectorSizeChanged */ false, /* OldCollectorSizeChanged */ false,
+                                 /* AffiliatedChangesAreYoungNeutral */ false, /* AffiliatedChangesAreGlobalNeutral */ false,
+                                 /* UnaffiliatedChangesAreYoungNeutral */ false>();
+    }
+    break;
+  case ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::OldCollector:
+    recompute_total_used</* UsedByMutatorChanged */ false,
+                         /* UsedByCollectorChanged */ false, /* UsedByOldCollectorChanged */ true>();
+    if (in_new_region) {
+      recompute_total_affiliated</* MutatorEmptiesChanged */ false, /* CollectorEmptiesChanged */ false,
+                                 /* OldCollectorEmptiesChanged */ true, /* MutatorSizeChanged */ false,
+                                 /* CollectorSizeChanged */ false, /* OldCollectorSizeChanged */ false,
+                                 /* AffiliatedChangesAreYoungNeutral */ true, /* AffiliatedChangesAreGlobalNeutral */ false,
+                                 /* UnaffiliatedChangesAreYoungNeutral */ true>();
+    }
+    break;
+  case ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::NotFree:
+  default:
+    assert(false, "won't happen");
+  }
+  if (boundary_changed) {
+    _partitions.assert_bounds();
+  } else {
+    _partitions.assert_bounds_sanity();
+  }
+}
+
+void ShenandoahFreeSet::increase_partition_used(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId partition, size_t bytes) {
+  _partitions.increase_used(partition, bytes);
+}
+
+void ShenandoahFreeSet::mark_region_used(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId partition) {
+  _partitions.one_region_is_no_longer_empty(partition);
+}
+
+size_t ShenandoahFreeSet::retire_region(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId partition, size_t idx, size_t used_bytes) {
+  return _partitions.retire_from_partition(partition, idx, used_bytes);
+}
+
+template<ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId PARTITION>
+ShenandoahHeapRegion* ShenandoahFreeSet::find_region_for_alloc(size_t min_size_words, bool& in_new_region) {
+  shenandoah_assert_heaplocked();
+  // Allocation bias is a Mutator-only heuristic; updating it for collector allocations would
+  // perturb mutator placement and burn down the shared bias weight.
+  if constexpr (PARTITION == ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator) {
+    update_allocation_bias();
+  }
+
+  if (_partitions.is_empty(PARTITION)) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  constexpr ShenandoahAffiliation affiliation =
+    (PARTITION == ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::OldCollector) ? OLD_GENERATION : YOUNG_GENERATION;
+
+  ShenandoahHeapRegion* result = nullptr;
+  ShenandoahHeapRegion* free_region = nullptr;
+  size_t min_size_bytes = min_size_words * HeapWordSize;
+
+  auto search = [&](auto& iterator) {
+    for (idx_t idx = iterator.current(); iterator.has_next(); idx = iterator.next()) {
+      ShenandoahHeapRegion* r = _heap->get_region(idx);
+      if (_heap->is_concurrent_weak_root_in_progress() && r->is_trash()) continue;
+      r->try_recycle_under_lock();
+      if (r->is_empty()) {
+        if (free_region == nullptr) free_region = r;
+        // Mutator takes the first region with capacity. Collectors prefer an affiliated region
+        // and only fall back to an empty region (below) to preserve free regions.
+        if (PARTITION == ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator && alloc_capacity(r) >= min_size_bytes) {
+          result = r;
+          return;
+        }
+      } else if (r->affiliation() == affiliation) {
+        if (alloc_capacity(r) >= min_size_bytes) { result = r; return; }
+      }
+    }
+  };
+
+  if (_partitions.alloc_from_left_bias(PARTITION)) {
+    ShenandoahLeftRightIterator iterator(&_partitions, PARTITION);
+    search(iterator);
+  } else {
+    ShenandoahRightLeftIterator iterator(&_partitions, PARTITION);
+    search(iterator);
+  }
+
+  // For collector partitions: fall back to any free (empty) region if no affiliated region found.
+  if constexpr (PARTITION != ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator) {
+    if (result == nullptr && free_region != nullptr) {
+      result = free_region;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (result == nullptr) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  // Prepare the region for allocation.
+  in_new_region = result->is_empty();
+  if (in_new_region) {
+    assert(!result->is_affiliated(), "New region should be unaffiliated");
+    result->set_affiliation(affiliation);
+    if constexpr (PARTITION == ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::OldCollector) {
+      result->end_preemptible_coalesce_and_fill();
+    }
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    ShenandoahMarkingContext* const ctx = _heap->marking_context();
+    assert(ctx->top_at_mark_start(result) == result->bottom(), "TAMS must equal bottom for new region");
+    assert(ctx->is_bitmap_range_within_region_clear(ctx->top_bitmap(result), result->end()), "Bitmap must be clear");
+#endif
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+// Explicit instantiations for find_region_for_alloc.
+template ShenandoahHeapRegion* ShenandoahFreeSet::find_region_for_alloc<ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator>(size_t, bool&);
+template ShenandoahHeapRegion* ShenandoahFreeSet::find_region_for_alloc<ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Collector>(size_t, bool&);
+template ShenandoahHeapRegion* ShenandoahFreeSet::find_region_for_alloc<ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::OldCollector>(size_t, bool&);
+
+ShenandoahHeapRegion* ShenandoahFreeSet::steal_from_mutator(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId target_partition,
+                                                            ShenandoahAllocRequest& req) {
+  shenandoah_assert_heaplocked();
+  assert(target_partition != ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator, "Cannot steal from self");
+
+  if (_partitions.get_empty_region_counts(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator) == 0) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  ShenandoahRightLeftIterator iterator(&_partitions, ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator, true);
+  for (idx_t idx = iterator.current(); iterator.has_next(); idx = iterator.next()) {
+    ShenandoahHeapRegion* r = _heap->get_region(idx);
+    if (can_allocate_from(r)) {
+      if (req.is_old()) {
+        if (!flip_to_old_gc(r)) {
+          continue;
+        }
+      } else {
+        flip_to_gc(r);
+      }
+      log_debug(gc, free)("Flipped region %zu to gc for request: " PTR_FORMAT, idx, p2i(&req));
+
+      r->try_recycle_under_lock();
+      assert(r->is_empty(), "Must be empty");
+      ShenandoahAffiliation aff = (target_partition == ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::OldCollector)
+                            ? OLD_GENERATION : YOUNG_GENERATION;
+      r->set_affiliation(aff);
+      if (r->is_old()) {
+        r->end_preemptible_coalesce_and_fill();
+      }
+      return r;
+    }
+  }
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+idx_t ShenandoahRegionPartitions::leftmost(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition) const {
   assert (which_partition < NumPartitions, "selected free partition must be valid");
   idx_t idx = _leftmosts[int(which_partition)];
   if (idx >= _max) {
@@ -302,7 +477,7 @@ inline idx_t ShenandoahRegionPartitions::leftmost(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId w
   }
 }
 
-inline idx_t ShenandoahRegionPartitions::rightmost(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition) const {
+idx_t ShenandoahRegionPartitions::rightmost(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition) const {
   assert (which_partition < NumPartitions, "selected free partition must be valid");
   idx_t idx = _rightmosts[int(which_partition)];
   // Cannot assert that membership[which_partition.is_set(idx) because this helper method may be used
@@ -793,12 +968,12 @@ inline bool ShenandoahRegionPartitions::partition_id_matches(idx_t idx, Shenando
 }
 #endif
 
-inline bool ShenandoahRegionPartitions::is_empty(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition) const {
+bool ShenandoahRegionPartitions::is_empty(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition) const {
   assert (which_partition < NumPartitions, "selected free partition must be valid");
   return (leftmost(which_partition) > rightmost(which_partition));
 }
 
-inline idx_t ShenandoahRegionPartitions::find_index_of_next_available_region(
+idx_t ShenandoahRegionPartitions::find_index_of_next_available_region(
   ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition, idx_t start_index) const {
   idx_t rightmost_idx = rightmost(which_partition);
   idx_t leftmost_idx = leftmost(which_partition);
@@ -814,7 +989,7 @@ inline idx_t ShenandoahRegionPartitions::find_index_of_next_available_region(
   return result;
 }
 
-inline idx_t ShenandoahRegionPartitions::find_index_of_previous_available_region(
+idx_t ShenandoahRegionPartitions::find_index_of_previous_available_region(
   ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition, idx_t last_index) const {
   idx_t rightmost_idx = rightmost(which_partition);
   idx_t leftmost_idx = leftmost(which_partition);
@@ -1187,7 +1362,7 @@ void ShenandoahRegionPartitions::assert_bounds() {
          "Mutator humongous waste must match");
 }
 
-inline void ShenandoahRegionPartitions::assert_bounds_sanity() {
+void ShenandoahRegionPartitions::assert_bounds_sanity() {
   for (uint8_t i = 0; i < UIntNumPartitions; i++) {
     ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId partition = static_cast<ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId>(i);
     assert(leftmost(partition) == _max || membership(leftmost(partition)) == partition, "Left most boundry must be sane");
@@ -2487,6 +2662,9 @@ void ShenandoahFreeSet::prepare_to_rebuild(size_t &young_trashed_regions, size_t
   shenandoah_assert_heaplocked();
   assert(rebuild_lock() != nullptr, "sanity");
   rebuild_lock()->lock(false);
+  // Drop cached alloc regions before clearing partition state — partition membership
+  // is about to change and would invalidate the cached regions.
+  _heap->allocator()->release_alloc_regions();
   // This resets all state information, removing all regions from all sets.
   clear();
   log_debug(gc, free)("Rebuilding FreeSet");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.hpp
index 84f44415684..4d3be955ddc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.hpp
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ using idx_t = ShenandoahSimpleBitMap::idx_t;
     _membership[int(p)].clear_bit(idx);
   }
 
-  inline void one_region_is_no_longer_empty(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId partition);
+  void one_region_is_no_longer_empty(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId partition);
 
   // Set the Mutator intervals, usage, and capacity according to arguments.  Reset the Collector intervals, used, capacity
   // to represent empty Collector free set.  We use this at the end of rebuild_free_set() to avoid the overhead of making
@@ -231,11 +231,11 @@ using idx_t = ShenandoahSimpleBitMap::idx_t;
   const char* partition_membership_name(idx_t idx) const;
 
   // Return the index of the next available region >= start_index, or maximum_regions if not found.
-  inline idx_t find_index_of_next_available_region(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition,
+  idx_t find_index_of_next_available_region(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition,
                                                         idx_t start_index) const;
 
   // Return the index of the previous available region <= last_index, or -1 if not found.
-  inline idx_t find_index_of_previous_available_region(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition,
+  idx_t find_index_of_previous_available_region(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition,
                                                             idx_t last_index) const;
 
   // Return the index of the next available cluster of cluster_size regions >= start_index, or maximum_regions if not found.
@@ -279,12 +279,12 @@ using idx_t = ShenandoahSimpleBitMap::idx_t;
   //     leftmost() and leftmost_empty() return _max, rightmost() and rightmost_empty() return 0
   //   otherwise, expect the following:
   //     0 <= leftmost <= leftmost_empty <= rightmost_empty <= rightmost < _max
-  inline idx_t leftmost(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition) const;
-  inline idx_t rightmost(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition) const;
+  idx_t leftmost(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition) const;
+  idx_t rightmost(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition) const;
   idx_t leftmost_empty(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition);
   idx_t rightmost_empty(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition);
 
-  inline bool is_empty(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition) const;
+  bool is_empty(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition) const;
 
   inline void increase_region_counts(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition, size_t regions);
   inline void decrease_region_counts(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition, size_t regions);
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ using idx_t = ShenandoahSimpleBitMap::idx_t;
   inline void decrease_available(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition, size_t bytes);
   inline size_t get_available(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition);
 
-  inline void increase_used(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition, size_t bytes);
+  void increase_used(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition, size_t bytes);
   inline void decrease_used(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition, size_t bytes);
   inline size_t get_used(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition) {
     assert (which_partition < NumPartitions, "Partition must be valid");
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ using idx_t = ShenandoahSimpleBitMap::idx_t;
   void assert_bounds() NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
   // this checks certain sanity conditions related to the bounds with much less effort than is required to
   // more rigorously enforce correctness as is done by assert_bounds()
-  inline void assert_bounds_sanity() NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
+  void assert_bounds_sanity() NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
 };
 
 // Publicly, ShenandoahFreeSet represents memory that is available to mutator threads.  The public capacity(), used(),
@@ -436,6 +436,7 @@ using idx_t = ShenandoahSimpleBitMap::idx_t;
 //     during the next GC pass.
 
 class ShenandoahFreeSet : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
+
 using idx_t = ShenandoahSimpleBitMap::idx_t;
 private:
   ShenandoahHeap* const _heap;
@@ -570,13 +571,6 @@ using idx_t = ShenandoahSimpleBitMap::idx_t;
   // Precondition: !ShenandoahHeapRegion::requires_humongous(req.size())
   HeapWord* allocate_single(ShenandoahAllocRequest& req, bool& in_new_region);
 
-  // While holding the heap lock, allocate memory for a humongous object which spans one or more regions that
-  // were previously empty.  Regions that represent humongous objects are entirely dedicated to the humongous
-  // object.  No other objects are packed into these regions.
-  //
-  // Precondition: ShenandoahHeapRegion::requires_humongous(req.size())
-  HeapWord* allocate_contiguous(ShenandoahAllocRequest& req, bool is_humongous);
-
   bool transfer_one_region_from_mutator_to_old_collector(size_t idx, size_t alloc_capacity);
 
   // Change region r from the Mutator partition to the GC's Collector or OldCollector partition.  This requires that the
@@ -620,10 +614,10 @@ using idx_t = ShenandoahSimpleBitMap::idx_t;
   // Returns true iff this region is entirely available, either because it is empty() or because it has been found to represent
   // immediate trash and we'll be able to immediately recycle it.  Note that we cannot recycle immediate trash if
   // concurrent weak root processing is in progress.
-  inline bool can_allocate_from(ShenandoahHeapRegion *r) const;
-  inline bool can_allocate_from(size_t idx) const;
+  bool can_allocate_from(ShenandoahHeapRegion *r) const;
+  bool can_allocate_from(size_t idx) const;
 
-  inline bool has_alloc_capacity(ShenandoahHeapRegion *r) const;
+  bool has_alloc_capacity(ShenandoahHeapRegion *r) const;
 
   void transfer_empty_regions_from_to(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId source_partition,
                                       ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId dest_partition,
@@ -661,9 +655,36 @@ using idx_t = ShenandoahSimpleBitMap::idx_t;
     return _partitions.shrink_interval_if_range_modifies_either_boundary(partition, low_idx, high_idx, num_regions);
   }
 
+  // Called by ShenandoahAllocator after a successful allocation to update used/affiliated totals.
+  // boundary_changed indicates if partition boundaries were modified (retire or new-region),
+  // triggering a full bounds validation in debug builds.
+  void notify_allocation(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId partition, bool in_new_region, bool boundary_changed);
+
+  // Find a region in the given partition with at least min_size_words of allocatable capacity.
+  // Handles bias direction, trash recycling, and affiliation setup for new (empty) regions.
+  // Returns nullptr if no suitable region found. Sets in_new_region if the returned region was empty.
+  // Caller must hold the heap lock.
+  template<ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId PARTITION>
+  ShenandoahHeapRegion* find_region_for_alloc(size_t min_size_words, bool& in_new_region);
+
+  // Steal an empty region from the Mutator partition for the given collector partition.
+  // Flips the region, sets up affiliation, and returns it ready for allocation.
+  // The returned region is always empty (newly available for allocation).
+  // Returns nullptr if no region can be stolen. Caller must hold the heap lock.
+  ShenandoahHeapRegion* steal_from_mutator(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId target_partition,
+                                           ShenandoahAllocRequest& req);
+
+  // Allocate contiguous regions for humongous objects. Caller must hold heap lock.
+  HeapWord* allocate_contiguous(ShenandoahAllocRequest& req, bool is_humongous);
+
+  // Partition accounting APIs for allocators.
+  void increase_partition_used(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId partition, size_t bytes);
+  void mark_region_used(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId partition);
+  size_t retire_region(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId partition, size_t idx, size_t used_bytes);
+
   // Public because ShenandoahRegionPartitions assertions require access.
-  inline size_t alloc_capacity(ShenandoahHeapRegion *r) const;
-  inline size_t alloc_capacity(size_t idx) const;
+  size_t alloc_capacity(ShenandoahHeapRegion *r) const;
+  size_t alloc_capacity(size_t idx) const;
 
   // Return bytes used by old
   inline size_t old_used() {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp
index c0df4bbe10c..e60db88974a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
 #include "gc/shenandoah/mode/shenandoahGenerationalMode.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/mode/shenandoahPassiveMode.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/mode/shenandoahSATBMode.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocator.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRequest.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp"
@@ -67,6 +68,7 @@
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPadding.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahParallelCleaning.inline.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPartitionAllocator.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPhaseTimings.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahReferenceProcessor.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahRootProcessor.inline.hpp"
@@ -434,6 +436,7 @@ jint ShenandoahHeap::initialize() {
     }
 
     _free_set = new ShenandoahFreeSet(this, _num_regions);
+    _allocator = new ShenandoahAllocator(_free_set);
     initialize_generations();
 
     // We are initializing free set.  We ignore cset region tallies.
@@ -575,6 +578,7 @@ ShenandoahHeap::ShenandoahHeap(ShenandoahCollectorPolicy* policy) :
   _shenandoah_policy(policy),
   _gc_mode(nullptr),
   _free_set(nullptr),
+  _allocator(nullptr),
   _verifier(nullptr),
   _phase_timings(nullptr),
   _monitoring_support(nullptr),
@@ -941,7 +945,7 @@ HeapWord* ShenandoahHeap::allocate_memory(ShenandoahAllocRequest& req) {
   if (req.is_mutator_alloc()) {
 
     if (!ShenandoahAllocFailureALot || !should_inject_alloc_failure()) {
-      result = allocate_memory_under_lock(req, in_new_region);
+      result = allocate_memory_work(req, in_new_region);
     }
 
     // Check that gc overhead is not exceeded.
@@ -973,7 +977,7 @@ HeapWord* ShenandoahHeap::allocate_memory(ShenandoahAllocRequest& req) {
       const size_t original_count = shenandoah_policy()->full_gc_count();
       while (result == nullptr && should_retry_allocation(original_count)) {
         control_thread()->handle_alloc_failure(req, true);
-        result = allocate_memory_under_lock(req, in_new_region);
+        result = allocate_memory_work(req, in_new_region);
       }
       if (result != nullptr) {
         // If our allocation request has been satisfied after it initially failed, we count this as good gc progress
@@ -989,7 +993,7 @@ HeapWord* ShenandoahHeap::allocate_memory(ShenandoahAllocRequest& req) {
     }
   } else {
     assert(req.is_gc_alloc(), "Can only accept GC allocs here");
-    result = allocate_memory_under_lock(req, in_new_region);
+    result = allocate_memory_work(req, in_new_region);
     // Do not call handle_alloc_failure() here, because we cannot block.
     // The allocation failure would be handled by the LRB slowpath with handle_alloc_failure_evac().
   }
@@ -1019,21 +1023,15 @@ inline bool ShenandoahHeap::should_retry_allocation(size_t original_full_gc_coun
       && !shenandoah_policy()->is_at_shutdown();
 }
 
-HeapWord* ShenandoahHeap::allocate_memory_under_lock(ShenandoahAllocRequest& req, bool& in_new_region) {
-  // If we are dealing with mutator allocation, then we may need to block for safepoint.
-  // We cannot block for safepoint for GC allocations, because there is a high chance
-  // we are already running at safepoint or from stack watermark machinery, and we cannot
-  // block again.
-  ShenandoahHeapLocker locker(lock(), req.is_mutator_alloc());
-
-  // Make sure the old generation has room for either evacuations or promotions before trying to allocate.
-  if (req.is_old() && !old_generation()->can_allocate(req)) {
+HeapWord* ShenandoahHeap::allocate_memory_work(ShenandoahAllocRequest& req, bool& in_new_region) {
+  // Reserve the promotion budget up front so it is enforced atomically without the heap lock.
+  // If the reserve is exhausted, deny the promotion rather than overshoot it; the reservation
+  // is refunded below if the allocation itself fails.
+  if (req.is_promotion() && !old_generation()->try_expend_promoted(req.size() << LogHeapWordSize)) {
     return nullptr;
   }
 
-  // If TLAB request size is greater than available, allocate() will attempt to downsize request to fit within available
-  // memory.
-  HeapWord* result = _free_set->allocate(req, in_new_region);
+  HeapWord* result = _allocator->allocate(req, in_new_region);
 
   if (result != nullptr) {
     if (req.is_mutator_alloc()) {
@@ -1044,13 +1042,13 @@ HeapWord* ShenandoahHeap::allocate_memory_under_lock(ShenandoahAllocRequest& req
       if (req.is_lab_alloc()) {
         old_generation()->configure_plab_for_current_thread(req);
       } else if (req.is_promotion()) {
-        const size_t actual_size = req.actual_size() * HeapWordSize;
-        log_debug(gc, plab)("Expend shared promotion of %zu bytes", actual_size);
-        old_generation()->expend_promoted(actual_size);
+        log_debug(gc, plab)("Expend shared promotion of %zu bytes", req.actual_size() * HeapWordSize);
       }
     }
+  } else if (req.is_promotion()) {
+    // Allocation failed, so refund the promotion budget reserved above.
+    old_generation()->unexpend_promoted(req.size() << LogHeapWordSize);
   }
-
   return result;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.hpp
index 33d5fa6b04f..86707c7e831 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.hpp
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
 
 class ConcurrentGCTimer;
 class ObjectIterateScanRootClosure;
+class ShenandoahAllocator;
 class ShenandoahCollectorPolicy;
 class ShenandoahGCSession;
 class ShenandoahGCStateResetter;
@@ -533,6 +534,7 @@ class ShenandoahHeap : public CollectedHeap {
   ShenandoahCollectorPolicy* _shenandoah_policy;
   ShenandoahMode*            _gc_mode;
   ShenandoahFreeSet*         _free_set;
+  ShenandoahAllocator*       _allocator;
   ShenandoahVerifier*        _verifier;
 
   ShenandoahPhaseTimings*       _phase_timings;
@@ -557,6 +559,7 @@ class ShenandoahHeap : public CollectedHeap {
   ShenandoahCollectorPolicy* shenandoah_policy() const { return _shenandoah_policy; }
   ShenandoahMode*            mode()              const { return _gc_mode;           }
   ShenandoahFreeSet*         free_set()          const { return _free_set;          }
+  ShenandoahAllocator*       allocator()         const { return _allocator;         }
 
   ShenandoahPhaseTimings*    phase_timings()     const { return _phase_timings;     }
 
@@ -699,7 +702,7 @@ class ShenandoahHeap : public CollectedHeap {
   inline HeapWord* allocate_from_gclab(Thread* thread, size_t size);
 
 private:
-  HeapWord* allocate_memory_under_lock(ShenandoahAllocRequest& request, bool& in_new_region);
+  HeapWord* allocate_memory_work(ShenandoahAllocRequest& request, bool& in_new_region);
   HeapWord* allocate_from_gclab_slow(Thread* thread, size_t size);
   HeapWord* allocate_new_gclab(size_t min_size, size_t word_size, size_t* actual_size);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp
index e488c457049..0a0beaaffee 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp
@@ -193,10 +193,17 @@ void ShenandoahOldGeneration::maybe_log_promotion_failure_stats(bool concurrent)
   }
 }
 
-size_t ShenandoahOldGeneration::expend_promoted(size_t increment) {
-  shenandoah_assert_heaplocked_or_safepoint();
-  assert(get_promoted_expended() + increment <= get_promoted_reserve(), "Do not expend more promotion than budgeted");
-  return _promoted_expended.add_then_fetch(increment);
+bool ShenandoahOldGeneration::try_expend_promoted(size_t increment) {
+  const size_t reserve = get_promoted_reserve();
+  size_t cur = _promoted_expended.load_relaxed();
+  while (cur + increment <= reserve) {
+    size_t prev = _promoted_expended.compare_exchange(cur, cur + increment);
+    if (prev == cur) {
+      return true;
+    }
+    cur = prev;
+  }
+  return false;
 }
 
 size_t ShenandoahOldGeneration::unexpend_promoted(size_t decrement) {
@@ -245,12 +252,11 @@ ShenandoahOldGeneration::configure_plab_for_current_thread(const ShenandoahAlloc
 
   // The actual size of the allocation may be larger than the requested bytes (due to alignment on card boundaries).
   // If this puts us over our promotion budget, we need to disable future PLAB promotions for this thread.
-  if (can_promote(actual_size)) {
+  if (try_expend_promoted(actual_size)) {
     // Assume the entirety of this PLAB will be used for promotion.  This prevents promotion from overreach.
     // When we retire this plab, we'll unexpend what we don't really use.
     log_debug(gc, plab)("Thread can promote using PLAB of %zu bytes. Expended: %zu, available: %zu",
                         actual_size, get_promoted_expended(), get_promoted_reserve());
-    expend_promoted(actual_size);
     shenandoah_plab->enable_promotions();
     shenandoah_plab->set_actual_size(actual_size);
   } else {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp
index 7e26d800e1d..f7f0a0ae0ba 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp
@@ -111,8 +111,10 @@ class ShenandoahOldGeneration : public ShenandoahGeneration {
   // This zeros out the expended promotion count after the promotion reserve is computed
   void reset_promoted_expended();
 
-  // This is incremented when allocations are made to copy promotions into the old generation
-  size_t expend_promoted(size_t increment);
+  // Atomically reserve `increment` bytes of promotion budget. Returns true if the full amount
+  // was reserved without exceeding the reserve. Lock-free: safe to call without the heap lock.
+  // Use this to gate a promotion decision before promoting.
+  bool try_expend_promoted(size_t increment);
 
   // This is used to return unused memory from a retired promotion LAB
   size_t unexpend_promoted(size_t decrement);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPartitionAllocator.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPartitionAllocator.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ed644a724e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPartitionAllocator.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE THIS COPYRIGHT NOTICE OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "gc/shared/plab.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRequest.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMarkingContext.inline.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPartitionAllocator.hpp"
+#include "logging/log.hpp"
+
+template<ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId PARTITION>
+ShenandoahPartitionAllocator<PARTITION>::ShenandoahPartitionAllocator(ShenandoahFreeSet* free_set)
+  : _free_set(free_set),
+    _alloc_region(nullptr) {}
+
+template<ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId PARTITION>
+HeapWord* ShenandoahPartitionAllocator<PARTITION>::allocate(ShenandoahAllocRequest& req, bool& in_new_region) {
+  // Mutator allocations may yield to safepoint; GC allocations cannot.
+  ShenandoahHeapLocker locker(ShenandoahHeap::heap()->lock(), req.is_mutator_alloc());
+
+  // OldCollector: verify old generation has room before attempting allocation.
+  if constexpr (PARTITION == ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::OldCollector) {
+    if (!req.is_promotion() && !ShenandoahHeap::heap()->old_generation()->can_allocate(req)) {
+      return nullptr;
+    }
+  }
+
+  bool boundary_changed = false;
+  size_t min_req_words = req.is_lab_alloc() ? req.min_size() : req.size();
+  // Fast path: try the cached alloc region first.
+  if (_alloc_region != nullptr) {
+    constexpr ShenandoahAffiliation affiliation =
+      (PARTITION == ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::OldCollector) ? OLD_GENERATION : YOUNG_GENERATION;
+    assert(!_alloc_region->is_trash() && _alloc_region->affiliation() == affiliation &&
+           _free_set->membership(_alloc_region->index()) == PARTITION,
+           "Cached alloc region %zu must remain a non-trash member of this partition until the free set is rebuilt",
+           _alloc_region->index());
+    HeapWord* result = nullptr;
+    size_t ac_words = _alloc_region->free() >> LogHeapWordSize;
+    // A region is only ever cached while it has at least PLAB::min_size of capacity, and its
+    // free space shrinks only via allocate_in (which retires and clears it below that threshold).
+    // So the cached alloc region always has usable capacity here: use it when it can satisfy this
+    // request, otherwise keep it cached for a smaller future request and fall through.
+    assert(ac_words >= PLAB::min_size(),
+           "Cached alloc region %zu must keep at least PLAB::min_size capacity, has %zu words",
+           _alloc_region->index(), ac_words);
+    if (ac_words >= min_req_words) {
+      result = allocate_in(_alloc_region, req, boundary_changed);
+    }
+    if (result != nullptr) {
+      in_new_region = false;
+      _free_set->notify_allocation(PARTITION, false, boundary_changed);
+      return result;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Ask FreeSet to find a suitable region.
+  ShenandoahHeapRegion* r = _free_set->find_region_for_alloc<PARTITION>(min_req_words, in_new_region);
+  // Collector partitions can overflow into Mutator partition.
+  if constexpr (PARTITION != ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator) {
+    if (r == nullptr && ShenandoahEvacReserveOverflow) {
+      r = _free_set->steal_from_mutator(PARTITION, req);
+      if (r != nullptr) {
+        assert(r->is_empty(), "Stolen region must be empty");
+        in_new_region = true;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (r != nullptr) {
+    HeapWord* result = allocate_in(r, req, boundary_changed);
+    if (in_new_region) {
+      _free_set->mark_region_used(PARTITION);
+      boundary_changed = true;
+    }
+    _free_set->notify_allocation(PARTITION, in_new_region, boundary_changed);
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  // Every path that mutates a partition boundary (allocate_in retire, new region, steal) returns
+  // above, so reaching here means no allocation and no boundary change.
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+template<ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId PARTITION>
+HeapWord* ShenandoahPartitionAllocator<PARTITION>::allocate_in(ShenandoahHeapRegion* r, ShenandoahAllocRequest& req, bool& boundary_changed) {
+  assert(_free_set->alloc_capacity(r) > 0, "Performance: should avoid full regions on this path: %zu", r->index());
+
+  HeapWord* result = nullptr;
+
+  // Perform the actual allocation: LABs may be shrunk to fit.
+  if (req.is_lab_alloc()) {
+    size_t adjusted_size = req.size();
+    size_t free = align_down(r->free() >> LogHeapWordSize, MinObjAlignment);
+    if (adjusted_size > free) {
+      adjusted_size = free;
+    }
+    assert(adjusted_size >= req.min_size(),
+           "Caller must ensure region has at least min_size capacity: free=%zu, min_size=%zu",
+           free, req.min_size());
+    result = r->allocate(adjusted_size, req);
+    req.set_actual_size(adjusted_size);
+  } else {
+    size_t size = req.size();
+    result = r->allocate(size, req);
+    req.set_actual_size(size);
+  }
+  assert(result != nullptr, "Allocation must succeed, region free: %zu, request minimal size: %zu",
+    r->free(), req.is_lab_alloc() ? req.min_size() : req.size());
+
+  // Update partition used bytes after allocation
+  if constexpr (PARTITION == ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator) {
+    assert(req.is_young(), "Mutator allocations always come from young generation.");
+    _free_set->increase_partition_used(PARTITION, req.actual_size() * HeapWordSize);
+  } else {
+    assert(req.is_gc_alloc(), "Should be gc_alloc since req wasn't mutator alloc");
+    // For GC allocations, we advance update_watermark because the objects relocated into this memory during
+    // evacuation are not updated during evacuation. For both young and old regions, it is essential that all
+    // PLABs be made parsable at the end of evacuation. This is enabled by retiring all plabs at end of evacuation.
+    r->set_update_watermark(r->top());
+    _free_set->increase_partition_used(PARTITION, (req.actual_size() + req.waste()) * HeapWordSize);
+  }
+
+  // Retire the region if remaining capacity is too small for any future PLAB.
+  if ((r->free() >> LogHeapWordSize) < PLAB::min_size()) {
+    size_t idx = r->index();
+    size_t waste_bytes = _free_set->retire_region(PARTITION, idx, r->used());
+    boundary_changed = true;
+    if constexpr (PARTITION == ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator) {
+      if (waste_bytes > 0) {
+        req.set_waste(waste_bytes / HeapWordSize);
+      }
+    }
+    if (_alloc_region == r) {
+      _alloc_region = nullptr;
+    }
+  } else if (_alloc_region == nullptr) {
+    // Region still has usable capacity — cache it for next allocation.
+    _alloc_region = r;
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+// Explicit template instantiations for all partitions.
+template class ShenandoahPartitionAllocator<ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator>;
+template class ShenandoahPartitionAllocator<ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Collector>;
+template class ShenandoahPartitionAllocator<ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::OldCollector>;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPartitionAllocator.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPartitionAllocator.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..75c36d8889d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPartitionAllocator.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE THIS COPYRIGHT NOTICE OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHPARTITIONALLOCATOR_HPP
+#define SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHPARTITIONALLOCATOR_HPP
+
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRequest.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.hpp"
+#include "memory/allocation.hpp"
+
+// ShenandoahPartitionAllocator is the serial (lock-based) partition allocator.
+// It uses ShenandoahFreeSet APIs to find regions and performs allocation within them
+// under the heap lock. Templated on partition ID so that partition-specific behavior
+// (overflow stealing for Collector/OldCollector) is resolved at compile time.
+template<ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId PARTITION>
+class ShenandoahPartitionAllocator : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
+
+private:
+  ShenandoahFreeSet* const _free_set;
+
+  // Cached allocation region with remaining capacity from the last allocation in
+  // this partition. Checked first on the next request to skip a FreeSet scan.
+  // Cleared when retired by allocate_in or by release_alloc_region.
+  ShenandoahHeapRegion* _alloc_region;
+
+  // Allocate within a single region; the caller must guarantee the region has enough free
+  // capacity for the request. Handles LAB sizing, updates partition accounting via
+  // ShenandoahFreeSet, and retires the region if remaining capacity drops below PLAB::min_size().
+  // boundary_changed is set to true if the region is retired or otherwise mutates the partition
+  // boundary; it is never reset to false.
+  HeapWord* allocate_in(ShenandoahHeapRegion* r, ShenandoahAllocRequest& req, bool& boundary_changed);
+
+public:
+  ShenandoahPartitionAllocator(ShenandoahFreeSet* free_set);
+
+  // Allocate from this partition. Returns nullptr if partition cannot satisfy the request.
+  HeapWord* allocate(ShenandoahAllocRequest& req, bool& in_new_region);
+
+  // Drop the cached alloc region. Must be called before the free set is rebuilt,
+  // since rebuild can change region affiliation/membership and invalidate the cache.
+  void release_alloc_region() { _alloc_region = nullptr; }
+};
+
+#endif // SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHPARTITIONALLOCATOR_HPP
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/gc/shenandoah/test_shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp b/test/hotspot/gtest/gc/shenandoah/test_shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp
index 4633d8588d3..483464fba17 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/gtest/gc/shenandoah/test_shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/gc/shenandoah/test_shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class ShenandoahOldGenerationTest : public ::testing::Test {
 
     old = new ShenandoahOldGeneration(8);
     old->set_promoted_reserve(512 * HeapWordSize);
-    old->expend_promoted(256 * HeapWordSize);
+    old->try_expend_promoted(256 * HeapWordSize);
     old->set_evacuation_reserve(512 * HeapWordSize);
 
     Thread* thread = Thread::current();
@@ -171,10 +171,10 @@ TEST_VM_F(ShenandoahOldGenerationTest, test_actual_size_exceeds_promotion_reserv
   EXPECT_FALSE(promotions_enabled()) << "New plab can only be used for evacuations";
 }
 
-TEST_VM_F(ShenandoahOldGenerationTest, test_expend_promoted_should_increase_expended) {
+TEST_VM_F(ShenandoahOldGenerationTest, test_try_expend_promoted_should_increase_expended) {
   SKIP_IF_NOT_SHENANDOAH();
   size_t expended_before = old->get_promoted_expended();
-  old->expend_promoted(128);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(old->try_expend_promoted(128)) << "Should fit within reserve";
   size_t expended_after = old->get_promoted_expended();
   EXPECT_EQ(expended_before + 128, expended_after) << "Should expend promotion";
 }

From fe98e67e4cdbbee9d9cb4902b2c20592c656cb5c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Phil Race <prr@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 2026 21:26:45 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 011/707] 8386795: Swing specification needs caveats on L&F
 rendering behaviors

Reviewed-by: psadhukhan, kizune
---
 .../share/classes/javax/swing/UIManager.java  | 36 +++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 36 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/UIManager.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/UIManager.java
index f323842ae49..f6b3895fd8a 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/UIManager.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/UIManager.java
@@ -158,6 +158,42 @@
  * expects certain defaults, so that in general
  * a {@code ComponentUI} provided by one look and feel will not
  * work with another look and feel.
+ *
+ * <h2>System Look and Feels</h2>
+ *
+ * [The terms "System", "Native" and "Platform" may be used interchangeably in this context].
+ * <p>
+ * A System Look And Feel is intended to implement the native Look and Feel of the desktop.
+ * <p>
+ * There is no requirement for the standard Java Look And Feel to be the default,
+ * therefore the System Look and Feel may be the default.
+ * <p>
+ * A desktop may not have a consistent Look and Feel, for example if there are
+ * multiple platform-native toolkits provided to create applications for the desktop.
+ * Swing may elect any one of these to be its native Look and Feel.
+ * <p>
+ * Installation of the native Look and Feel may depend on platform resources being available.
+ * In the event that required resources are not available, Swing may be unable to install
+ * the System Look and Feel.
+ * <p>
+ * Swing's emulation of the native Look and Feel takes precedence over any component-specific
+ * indication of rendering.
+ * This means that a native Look and Feel should render in a way that is consistent with the platform,
+ * even if it contradicts component setting-specific documentation.
+ * Examples include
+ * <ul>
+ * <li>specified rendering of painted borders may be ignored
+ * <li>specified rendering of highlighting effects may be ignored
+ * <li>specified rendering of painted backgrounds and foregrounds may be ignored
+ * <li>specified rendering of selected vs unselected components may be ignored
+ * <li>specified rendering of enabled vs disabled components may be ignored
+ * </ul>
+ * These are just examples. Not an exhaustive list.
+ * <p>
+ * These caveats must not be construed as an excuse to arbitrarily ignore these properties.
+ * They are intended to support the requirement that the platform Look and Feel be as
+ * consistent with the native rendering as is practical.
+ *
  * <p>
  * <strong>Warning:</strong>
  * Serialized objects of this class will not be compatible with

From ee28630820cfb8217d7d8e4f964c37b6af691757 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Anthony Scarpino <ascarpino@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 2026 21:48:33 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 012/707] 8385978: Test
 javax/net/ssl/SSLSession/TestEnabledProtocols.java failed:
 java.security.cert.CertificateException: Unable to initialize,
 java.io.IOException: Too short

Reviewed-by: abarashev
---
 .../share/classes/java/security/PEM.java      | 27 +++++++++++++++----
 1 file changed, 22 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/security/PEM.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/security/PEM.java
index 13ee9f107cf..421ae40b30f 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/security/PEM.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/security/PEM.java
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 import sun.security.util.Pem;
 
 import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.lang.ref.Reference;
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.util.Base64;
 import java.util.Objects;
@@ -201,7 +202,11 @@ public byte[] leadingData() {
      * @since 27
      */
     public byte[] content() {
-        return content.clone();
+        try {
+            return content.clone();
+        } finally {
+            Reference.reachabilityFence(this);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -212,7 +217,11 @@ public byte[] content() {
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if decoding fails
      */
     public byte[] decode() {
-        return Base64.getMimeDecoder().decode(content);
+        try {
+            return Base64.getMimeDecoder().decode(content);
+        } finally {
+            Reference.reachabilityFence(this);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -223,15 +232,23 @@ public byte[] decode() {
      */
     @Override
     public String toString() {
-        return new String(Pem.pemEncoded(type, content),
-            StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1);
+        try {
+            return new String(Pem.pemEncoded(type, content),
+                StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1);
+        } finally {
+            Reference.reachabilityFence(this);
+        }
     }
 
     /*
      * Returns the PEM string representation as a byte array.
      */
     byte[] toTextualByteArray() {
-        return Pem.pemEncoded(type, content);
+        try {
+            return Pem.pemEncoded(type, content);
+        } finally {
+            Reference.reachabilityFence(this);
+        }
     }
 
     // Clear internal content

From 2d005ac20dbc27189f212343e11e92246c320c86 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jaikiran Pai <jpai@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 2026 01:32:46 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 013/707] 8386810: Improve debuggability of
 test/jdk/sun/nio/cs/TestStringCodingUTF8.java

Reviewed-by: naoto, liach
---
 test/jdk/sun/nio/cs/TestStringCodingUTF8.java | 82 +++++++++++++++----
 1 file changed, 67 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/nio/cs/TestStringCodingUTF8.java b/test/jdk/sun/nio/cs/TestStringCodingUTF8.java
index 50d68f408d5..5b084013528 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/nio/cs/TestStringCodingUTF8.java
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/nio/cs/TestStringCodingUTF8.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -21,18 +21,26 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
-/* @test
-   @bug 7040220 8054307
-   @summary Test if StringCoding and NIO result have the same de/encoding result for UTF-8
- * @run main/othervm/timeout=2000 TestStringCodingUTF8
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 7040220 8054307
+ * @summary Test if StringCoding and NIO result have the same de/encoding result for UTF-8
  * @key randomness
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @build jdk.test.lib.RandomFactory
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=2000 TestStringCodingUTF8
  */
 
 import java.util.*;
 import java.nio.*;
 import java.nio.charset.*;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.RandomFactory;
+
 public class TestStringCodingUTF8 {
+
+    private static final Random rnd = RandomFactory.getRandom();
+
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
         test("UTF-8");
         test("CESU-8");
@@ -62,7 +70,7 @@ static void test(String csn) throws Throwable {
         for (int i = 0; i < 0x20000; i++) {
             list.add(i, i);
         }
-        Collections.shuffle(list);
+        Collections.shuffle(list, rnd);
         int j = 0;
         char[] bmpsupp = new char[0x30000];
         for (int i = 0; i < 0x20000; i++) {
@@ -72,7 +80,6 @@ static void test(String csn) throws Throwable {
         test(cs, bmpsupp, 0, bmpsupp.length);
 
         // randomed "off" and "len" on shuffled data
-        Random rnd = new Random();
         int maxlen = 1000;
         int itr = 5000;
         for (int i = 0; i < itr; i++) {
@@ -88,11 +95,13 @@ static void test(String csn) throws Throwable {
             //new String(csn);
             if (!new String(ba, cs.name()).equals(
                  new String(decode(cs, ba, 0, ba.length))))
-                throw new RuntimeException("new String(csn) failed");
+                throw new RuntimeException("new String(csn) failed for charset " + cs
+                        + " for byte array of length " + ba.length);
             //new String(cs);
             if (!new String(ba, cs).equals(
                  new String(decode(cs, ba, 0, ba.length))))
-                throw new RuntimeException("new String(cs) failed");
+                throw new RuntimeException("new String(cs) failed for charset " + cs
+                        + " for byte array of length " + ba.length);
         }
         System.out.println("done!");
     }
@@ -103,21 +112,23 @@ static void test(Charset cs, char[] ca, int off, int len) throws Throwable {
 
         //getBytes(csn);
         byte[] baStr = str.getBytes(cs.name());
-        if (!Arrays.equals(ba, baStr))
-            throw new RuntimeException("getBytes(csn) failed");
+        failIfMismatch(ba, baStr, "getBytes(csn) failed for charset " + cs
+                + ", character array length=" + ca.length + ", offset=" + off + ", len=" + len);
 
         //getBytes(cs);
         baStr = str.getBytes(cs);
-        if (!Arrays.equals(ba, baStr))
-            throw new RuntimeException("getBytes(cs) failed");
+        failIfMismatch(ba, baStr, "getBytes(cs) failed for charset " + cs
+                + ", character array length=" + ca.length + ", offset=" + off + ", len=" + len);
 
         //new String(csn);
         if (!new String(ba, cs.name()).equals(new String(decode(cs, ba, 0, ba.length))))
-            throw new RuntimeException("new String(csn) failed");
+            throw new RuntimeException("new String(csn) failed for charset " + cs
+                    + ", character array length=" + ca.length + ", offset=" + off + ", len=" + len);
 
         //new String(cs);
         if (!new String(ba, cs).equals(new String(decode(cs, ba, 0, ba.length))))
-            throw new RuntimeException("new String(cs) failed");
+            throw new RuntimeException("new String(cs) failed for charset " + cs
+                    + ", character array length=" + ca.length + ", offset=" + off + ", len=" + len);
     }
 
     // copy/paste of the StringCoding.decode()
@@ -170,4 +181,45 @@ static byte[] encode(Charset cs, char[] ca, int off, int len) {
         }
         return Arrays.copyOf(ba, bb.position());
     }
+
+    private static void failIfMismatch(final byte[] expected, final byte[] actual,
+                                       final String failureMsg) {
+        final int firstMismatchIndex = Arrays.mismatch(expected, actual);
+        if (firstMismatchIndex == -1) {
+            // no mismatch
+            return;
+        }
+        System.err.println("Arrays mismatch starts at index: " + firstMismatchIndex);
+        System.err.println("Printing few indexes before and after the mismatch:");
+        int printStartIdx = firstMismatchIndex - 20;
+        if (printStartIdx < 0) {
+            printStartIdx = 0;
+        }
+        for (int i = printStartIdx; i < firstMismatchIndex + 20; i++) {
+            if (i >= expected.length && i >= actual.length) {
+                // no more elements in either arrays, we are done
+                break;
+            }
+            final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+            sb.append("Index=").append(i).append(", expected=");
+            if (i >= expected.length) {
+                // "expected" array isn't that big
+                sb.append("<no element>");
+            } else {
+                sb.append(expected[i]);
+            }
+            sb.append(", actual=");
+            if (i >= actual.length) {
+                // "actual" array isn't that big
+                sb.append("<no element>");
+            } else {
+                sb.append(actual[i]);
+            }
+            if (i == firstMismatchIndex) {
+                sb.append(" <--- first mismatch");
+            }
+            System.err.println(sb.toString());
+        }
+        throw new RuntimeException(failureMsg);
+    }
 }

From d22f5c54b51a07dafae3069a4f485f7e703d8d18 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Emanuel Peter <epeter@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 2026 06:55:12 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 014/707] 8386591: C2: wrong result because of broken
 truncation check in CountedLoopConverter::TruncatedIncrement::build

Reviewed-by: roland, kvn, qamai
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.cpp           |  28 +++--
 src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.hpp           |   1 -
 .../TestTruncationWrapBadCharWrap.java        | 115 ++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 133 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestTruncationWrapBadCharWrap.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.cpp
index 7c62e313803..1018a8ae9ab 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.cpp
@@ -3129,8 +3129,12 @@ Node* LoopLimitNode::Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) {
   return this;
 }
 
-// Match increment with optional truncation:
-// CHAR: (i+1)&0x7fff, BYTE: ((i+1)<<8)>>8, or SHORT: ((i+1)<<16)>>16
+// CHAR: (i+1)&0x7fff      Note: does NOT work for char cast (0xffff)
+// BYTE: ((i+1)<<8)>>8     Note: does NOT work for byte cast (<< 24 >> 24)
+// SHORT: ((i+1)<<16)>>16
+//
+// Note: in the future, we should fix both the BYTE and the CHAR case,
+//       to allow proper optimization of byte/char cast truncation.
 void CountedLoopConverter::TruncatedIncrement::build(Node* expr) {
   _is_valid = false;
 
@@ -3146,15 +3150,19 @@ void CountedLoopConverter::TruncatedIncrement::build(Node* expr) {
   const TypeInteger* trunc_t = TypeInteger::bottom(_bt);
 
   if (_bt == T_INT) {
-    // Try to strip (n1 & M) or (n1 << N >> N) from n1.
     if (n1op == Op_AndI &&
-        n1->in(2)->is_Con() &&
-        n1->in(2)->bottom_type()->is_int()->get_con() == 0x7fff) {
-      // %%% This check should match any mask of 2**K-1.
-      t1 = n1;
-      n1 = t1->in(1);
-      n1op = n1->Opcode();
-      trunc_t = TypeInt::CHAR;
+        n1->in(2)->is_Con()) {
+      // Unsigned truncation.
+      // Pattern: ((i+1) & mask)
+      jint mask = n1->in(2)->bottom_type()->is_int()->get_con();
+      switch (mask) {
+        case 0x7fff: // Unsigned 15-bit truncation. For historical reasons.
+          t1 = n1;
+          n1 = t1->in(1);
+          n1op = n1->Opcode();
+          trunc_t = TypeInt::make_unsigned(0, mask, 0);
+          break;
+      }
     } else if (n1op == Op_RShiftI &&
                n1->in(1) != nullptr &&
                n1->in(1)->Opcode() == Op_LShiftI &&
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.hpp
index 9f841d958ec..71a159352a4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.hpp
@@ -2105,7 +2105,6 @@ class CountedLoopConverter {
     bool is_valid() const { return _is_valid; }
     Node* incr() const { return _incr; }
 
-    // Optional truncation for: CHAR: (i+1)&0x7fff, BYTE: ((i+1)<<8)>>8, or SHORT: ((i+1)<<16)>>16
     Node* outer_trunc() const { return _outer_trunc; } // the outermost truncating node (either the & or the final >>)
     Node* inner_trunc() const { return _inner_trunc; } // the inner truncating node, if applicable (the << in a <</>> pair)
     const TypeInteger* trunc_type() const { return _trunc_type; }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestTruncationWrapBadCharWrap.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestTruncationWrapBadCharWrap.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ed279347762
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestTruncationWrapBadCharWrap.java
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.loopopts;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8386591
+ * @summary Test case for TruncatedIncrement::build /
+ *          CountedLoopConverter::has_truncation_wrap where we got wrong
+ *          results, because we confused "& 0x7fff" as range [0..65535]
+ *          instead of [0..32767].
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp
+ *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test*
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+public class TestTruncationWrapBadCharWrap {
+    interface TestMethod {
+        int call();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        int failures = 0;
+
+        failures += run("test1", () -> test1(), 1402);
+        failures += run("test2", () -> test2(), 2037);
+        failures += run("test3", () -> test3(), 171761184);
+
+        if (failures > 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("failures: " + failures);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int run(String name, TestMethod t, int expected) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; i++) {
+            int result = t.call();
+            if (result != expected) {
+                System.out.println(name + " wrong result: " + result + " vs " + expected);
+                return 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+
+    static int test1() {
+        int sum = 0;
+        // The entry value is outside the range [0..32767], but inside [0..65535].
+        int i = (char)38405;
+        while (32 < i) {
+            sum++;
+            // Ignoring truncation would require values to be in range [0..32767].
+            // But unfortunately, we classified this as CHAR, and checked for [0..65535].
+            i = (i - 4) & 0x7fff;
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    static int test2() {
+        int sum = 0;
+        // We have 32767 - 32758 = 9 < 48, so the limit is too close to the wrap
+        // limit, and wrap is possible. But since 0x7fff got mapped to CHAR,
+        // we accidentally checked 65535 - 32758 < 48, and conclude wrap is not
+        // possible.
+        for (int i = 519; i < 32758; i = (i + 48) & 0x7fff) {
+            sum++;
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    static int opaqueCounter;
+
+    static boolean opaqueCheck() {
+        return opaqueCounter++ > 10448;
+    }
+
+    static int test3() {
+        opaqueCounter = 0;
+        int sum = 0;
+        int i;
+        // Similar as with test2:
+        // We should check 32767 - 32766 = 1 < 50, so wrap possible. But we
+        // wrongly classified it as CHAR and checked 65535 - 32766 < 50, and
+        // concluded there is no wrap.
+        for (i = 2046; i <= 32766; i = (i + 50) & 0x7fff) {
+            sum += i + 1;
+            if (opaqueCheck()) { break; }
+        }
+        return sum + i;
+    }
+}

From c2f0259304004b79d8901bd136552ef3044ffc9d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jaikiran Pai <jpai@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 2026 07:16:03 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 015/707] 8386958: Build failure due to incorrect copyright
 text in src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/ files

Reviewed-by: ayang
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocator.cpp         | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocator.hpp         | 2 +-
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPartitionAllocator.cpp        | 2 +-
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPartitionAllocator.hpp        | 2 +-
 4 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocator.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocator.cpp
index e656e206272..38f0c7ce045 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocator.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocator.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE THIS COPYRIGHT NOTICE OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocator.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocator.hpp
index d2c8abb2faa..690f97e985e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocator.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocator.hpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE THIS COPYRIGHT NOTICE OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPartitionAllocator.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPartitionAllocator.cpp
index ed644a724e8..73c35bf65c5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPartitionAllocator.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPartitionAllocator.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE THIS COPYRIGHT NOTICE OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPartitionAllocator.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPartitionAllocator.hpp
index 75c36d8889d..dfcaf2b7097 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPartitionAllocator.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPartitionAllocator.hpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE THIS COPYRIGHT NOTICE OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as

From 2f37461c25d7bdbca35af7c2dee32e866b921e7a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Emanuel Peter <epeter@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 2026 10:58:31 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 016/707] 8386830: C2: CountedLoopConverter::filtered_type
 wrongly ignores nullptr contributions to type union/meet

Reviewed-by: qamai, kvn
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.cpp           |  10 +
 .../loopopts/TestHasTruncationWrap.java       |  41 +++-
 .../TestTruncationWrapPhiTypeUnion.java       | 221 ++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 264 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestTruncationWrapPhiTypeUnion.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.cpp
index 1018a8ae9ab..e7ccefa6855 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.cpp
@@ -3856,6 +3856,7 @@ const TypeInt* CountedLoopConverter::filtered_type(Node* n, Node* n_ctrl) {
     Node* region = phi->in(0);
     assert(n_ctrl == nullptr || n_ctrl == region, "ctrl parameter must be region");
     if (region && region != _phase->C->top()) {
+      // Compute the union over the types of the paths/inputs.
       for (uint i = 1; i < phi->req(); i++) {
         Node* val   = phi->in(i);
         Node* use_c = region->in(i);
@@ -3866,10 +3867,17 @@ const TypeInt* CountedLoopConverter::filtered_type(Node* n, Node* n_ctrl) {
           } else {
             filtered_t = filtered_t->meet(val_t)->is_int();
           }
+        } else {
+          // We found no constriant, so we have to assume that this path
+          // is unconstrained, i.e. it could have the whole int range.
+          filtered_t = TypeInt::INT;
         }
       }
     }
   }
+
+  // The filtered type may be worse than what we already know
+  // about n, so take the intersection.
   const TypeInt* n_t = _phase->igvn().type(n)->is_int();
   if (filtered_t != nullptr) {
     n_t = n_t->join(filtered_t)->is_int();
@@ -3880,6 +3888,8 @@ const TypeInt* CountedLoopConverter::filtered_type(Node* n, Node* n_ctrl) {
 
 //------------------------------filtered_type_from_dominators--------------------------------
 // Return a possibly more restrictive type for val based on condition control flow of dominators
+// Note: we can also return "nullptr", which means "no constraint", and should be interpreted
+//       as if we returned TypeInt::INT.
 const TypeInt* CountedLoopConverter::filtered_type_from_dominators(Node* val, Node* use_ctrl) {
   if (val->is_Con()) {
      return val->bottom_type()->is_int();
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestHasTruncationWrap.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestHasTruncationWrap.java
index efc3831dc3a..9a68a2fcb77 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestHasTruncationWrap.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestHasTruncationWrap.java
@@ -353,6 +353,24 @@ static int testIRShort2() {
 
     // testIRShort2b: short loop, ranges proved in short range via CmpI before loop.
     // Compared to testIRShort2, the check in the loop is an NEQ.
+    //
+    // Since the bug fix of JDK-8386830, we no longer allow this case to detect CountedLoop:
+    // The backedge finds no useful constraint, the "i != limit" does not give any restrictions,
+    // and so we have to assume it produces the full range.
+    // Comparing with testIRShort2, there we have a useful check "i < limit", which does
+    // give us a restriction, that helps us prove there is not wrap overflow.
+    //
+    // In the future, we could try to do something more smart, and combine the info about
+    // entry type "init < limit <= 100" with the fact that we have unity-stride, and so
+    // we should not be able to skip the NEQ "i != limit", and be able to canonicalize
+    // NEQ to LT. But for now, I consider this an edge-case that we will just have to accept
+    // will not be optimized to CountedLoop for now. For now, a workaround is using the
+    // exit condition "i < limit".
+    // This is really a problem about iv evolution (iv starts in range, increments by 1,
+    // and cannot skip exit check, so NEQ can be converted to LT), and cannot be solved
+    // by the type info of entry/backedge separately, so I don't have a quick fix here.
+    // We do this NEQ to LT canonicalization for int loops, but we would also need
+    // dedicated logic for it specifically combined with the wrap-detection logic.
     public static int testIRShort2b_gold = testIRShort2b();
 
     @Run(test = "testIRShort2b")
@@ -362,7 +380,7 @@ private static void runIRShort2b() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.COUNTED_LOOP, "> 0"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.COUNTED_LOOP, "= 0"})
     static int testIRShort2b() {
         int init  = Math.max(lo, 0);   // init  in [0..max_int]
         int limit = Math.min(hi, 100); // limit in [min_int..100]
@@ -374,10 +392,8 @@ static int testIRShort2b() {
         int sum = 0;
         for (int i = init; i != limit; i = (short)(i+1)) {
             sum = opaqueSum(sum); // work to keep loop alive
-            // The backedge value of i is also far
-            // enough from short boundaries, because of
-            // the loop exit check:
-            //   i < limit <= 100
+            // Unfortunately, the backedge does not produce a useful
+            // check with "i != limit", and so the type is unconstrained.
         }
         return sum;
     }
@@ -589,8 +605,15 @@ static int testIRShort5c() {
     }
 
     // testIRShort5d: short while-loop, again similar to testIRShort2b and testIRShort5c, but with while-loop form.
-    // No peeling, and so the entry value is init, and so the "init >= limit" check is useful,
-    // and used by has_truncation_wrap. With it, C2 manages to prove no short-overflow.
+    //
+    // Same issue as with testIRShort2b:
+    // After JDK-8386830, we now see that the backedge type is not constrained,
+    // and so don't allow CountedLoop detection.
+    // However, we could be smarter in the future, and canonicalize NEQ
+    // to LT, because this is a unity-stride loop where the "i != limit"
+    // can provably not be skipped. For now, we just have to accept that
+    // we cannot optimize this, and people would have to use "i < limit",
+    // see testIRShort5.
     public static int testIRShort5d_gold = testIRShort5d();
 
     @Run(test = "testIRShort5d")
@@ -600,7 +623,7 @@ private static void runIRShort5d() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.COUNTED_LOOP, "> 0"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.COUNTED_LOOP, "= 0"})
     static int testIRShort5d() {
         int init  = Math.max(lo, 0);   // init  in [0..max_int]
         int limit = Math.min(hi, 100); // limit in [min_int..100]
@@ -614,6 +637,8 @@ static int testIRShort5d() {
         while (i != limit) {
             sum = opaqueSum(sum); // work to keep loop alive
             i = (short)(i+1);
+            // Unfortunately, the backedge does not produce a useful
+            // check with "i != limit", and so the type is unconstrained.
         }
         return sum;
     }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestTruncationWrapPhiTypeUnion.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestTruncationWrapPhiTypeUnion.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a7873359b45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestTruncationWrapPhiTypeUnion.java
@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.loopopts;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8386830
+ * @summary Test for CountedLoopConverter::filtered_type, where we wrongly
+ *          ignored a nullptr type, and returned a type that was too narrow,
+ *          which led us to wrongly ignore wrapping in
+ *          CountedLoopConverter::has_truncation_wrap
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test*
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ */
+public class TestTruncationWrapPhiTypeUnion {
+
+    interface TestMethod {
+        int call();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        int failures = 0;
+
+        failures += run("test1", () -> test1(-1),       11111);
+        failures += run("test2", () -> test2(-1),       11111);
+        failures += run("test3", () -> test3(-100_000), -87065049);
+        failures += run("test4", () -> test4(32770),    10330);
+        failures += run("test5", () -> test5(-63),      10340);
+
+        if (failures > 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("failures: " + failures);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int run(String name, TestMethod t, int expected) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
+            int result = t.call();
+            if (result != expected) {
+                System.out.println(name + " wrong result: " + result + " vs " + expected);
+                return 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    static int test1(int limit) {
+        int x = 0;
+        int sum = 0;
+
+        limit = (byte) limit; // type BYTE = [-128..127], at runtime: -1
+
+        int i = 510;
+        while (limit < i) {
+            // Exit check checks for positive values, but with
+            // entry 510 and unsigned truncation, that can never fail.
+
+            sum++;
+
+            // Secondary exit check, to make sure we exit eventually.
+            if (++x >= 11111) {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            // Unsigned 15-bit truncation.
+            // We check for wrap/truncation/underflow:
+            //
+            //   } else if (stride_con < 0) {
+            //     if (truncation.trunc_type()->lo_as_long() - phi_ft->lo_as_long() > stride_con ||
+            //         truncation.trunc_type()->hi_as_long() < phi_ft->hi_as_long()) {
+            //       return true;  // truncation may occur
+            //     }
+            //   }
+            //
+            // The lo of truncation is 0, and also the phi type should have a lo of 0,
+            // but it was wrongly determined to be 510.
+            // So, whereas "0 - 0 > -10" would have given us the required "true",
+            // we now checked "0 - 510 > -10", which was wrongly "false".
+            //
+            // The reason is that the phi_ft has been wrongly determined to be 510,
+            // so only considering the entry value. This is determined inside filtered_type:
+            // - entry: filtered_type_from_dominators discovers entry value 510.
+            // - backedge: filtered_type_from_dominators discovers no dominating-if, returns nullptr.
+            // But filtered_type skips nullptr results, as in "no extra filter". But
+            // we should be accumulating the entry and backedge type here!
+            //
+            // The only if on the backedge-path would have been the exit
+            // check: limit < i. But filtered_int_type finds nothing, returns nullptr.
+            i = (i - 10) & 0x7fff;
+        }
+
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    // Note: this case was first discovered during JDK-8386591, which enabled 0xffff masking.
+    //       Without allowing 0xffff masking, this did not fail. But it was the way I
+    //       first discovered the bug, and so I wanted to add this as a test anyway.
+    static int test2(int limit) {
+        int x = 0;
+        int sum = 0;
+
+        limit = (short) limit; // type SHORT = [-32768..32767], at runtime: -1
+
+        int i = 510;
+        while (limit < i) {
+            // Exit check checks for positive values, but with
+            // entry 510 and unsigned truncation, that can never fial.
+
+            sum++;
+
+            // Secondary exit check, to make sure we exit eventually.
+            if (++x >= 11111) {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            // CHAR truncation: 0..0xffff = 0..65535
+            //
+            // i iterates: 510, 500, ... 10, 0
+            // And then, it shshould ould underflows: (0 - 10) & 0xffff = 65526
+            //
+            // But in CountedLoopConverter::has_truncation_wrap, we wrongly
+            // decide there cannot be overflow.
+            // truncation: [0..65535]
+            // stride_con: -10
+            //
+            // Accordingly, phi_ft should be in [0..65535], and so when we check
+            // for underflow, we check:
+            //
+            //   } else if (stride_con < 0) {
+            //     if (truncation.trunc_type()->lo_as_long() - phi_ft->lo_as_long() > stride_con ||
+            //         truncation.trunc_type()->hi_as_long() < phi_ft->hi_as_long()) {
+            //       return true;  // truncation may occur
+            //     }
+            //   }
+            //
+            // So we should check: 0 - 0 > -10, and we would see that truncation could occur.
+            // But instead, we checked 0 - 510 > -10, which wronly lead to "no truncation".
+            //
+            // The reason is that the phi_ft has been wrongly determined to be 510,
+            // so only considering the entry value. This is determined inside filtered_type:
+            // - entry: filtered_type_from_dominators discovers entry value 510.
+            // - backedge: filtered_type_from_dominators discovers no dominating-if, returns nullptr.
+            // But filtered_type skips nullptr results, as in "no extra filter". But
+            // we should be accumulating the entry and backedge type here!
+            //
+            // The only if on the backedge-path would have been the exit
+            // check: limit < i. But filtered_int_type finds nothing, returns nullptr.
+            i = (i - 10) & 0xffff;
+        }
+
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    // Another fuzzer find, this one with short truncation.
+    static int test3(int limit) {
+        int x = 0;
+        int sum = 0;
+
+        // Range: [min_int..8192], at runtime: -100_000
+        limit = Math.min(limit, 8192);
+        int i;
+        for (i = 128; limit <= i; i = (short)(i - 16384)) {
+            sum = sum + i + 1;
+            if (x++ > 10789) {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        return sum + i;
+    }
+
+    // Another fuzzer find, this one with short truncation.
+    static int test4(int limit) {
+        int sum = 0;
+        int x = 0;
+        limit = (short) limit;
+        for (int i = -1025; limit <= i; i = (short) (i + -7)) {
+            sum = sum + 1;
+            if (x++ > 10328) {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    // Another fuzzer find, again with 0x7fff mask.
+    static int test5(int limit) {
+        int x = 0;
+        int sum = 0;
+        limit = (byte)limit;
+        for (int i = 8192; limit < i; i = ((i + -8) & 0x7fff)) {
+            sum++;
+            if (x++ > 10338) {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+}

From dbbabfd4f4bfbceb391d6f7f7fb4ec9c4e1b104d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: William Kemper <wkemper@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 2026 19:10:36 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 017/707] 8386798: Shenandoah: Missing load barrier when making
 assertions about mark bitmap

Reviewed-by: xpeng, kdnilsen
---
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAsserts.cpp   | 10 ++++++++++
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAsserts.hpp   |  7 +++++++
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.cpp   | 12 +++++-------
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.cpp      | 17 ++---------------
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMarkingContext.cpp  |  6 ++++--
 5 files changed, 28 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAsserts.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAsserts.cpp
index 278c04b35d6..2eceeb2eca6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAsserts.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAsserts.cpp
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/orderAccess.hpp"
 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
 #include "utilities/vmError.hpp"
 
@@ -425,6 +426,15 @@ void ShenandoahAsserts::assert_marked_strong(void *interior_loc, oop obj, const
   }
 }
 
+void ShenandoahAsserts::assert_bitmap_clear_above_top(ShenandoahHeapRegion* region) {
+  ShenandoahMarkingContext* const ctx = ShenandoahHeap::heap()->marking_context();
+  const HeapWord* top_bitmap = ctx->top_bitmap(region);
+  // Make sure that top is loaded before any of the marks from the bitmap are loaded. If another
+  // thread has cleared the bitmap we must not allow any stale reads.
+  OrderAccess::loadload();
+  assert(ctx->is_bitmap_range_within_region_clear(top_bitmap, region->end()), "Bitmap above top_bitmap() must be clear");
+}
+
 void ShenandoahAsserts::assert_mark_complete(HeapWord* obj, const char* file, int line) {
   const ShenandoahHeap* heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   const ShenandoahHeapRegion* region = heap->heap_region_containing(obj);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAsserts.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAsserts.hpp
index 545415a6531..44330d54303 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAsserts.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAsserts.hpp
@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@
 #include "runtime/mutex.hpp"
 #include "utilities/formatBuffer.hpp"
 
+class ShenandoahHeapRegion;
+
 typedef FormatBuffer<8192> ShenandoahMessageBuffer;
 
 class ShenandoahAsserts {
@@ -65,6 +67,7 @@ class ShenandoahAsserts {
   static void assert_marked(void* interior_loc, oop obj, const char* file, int line);
   static void assert_marked_weak(void* interior_loc, oop obj, const char* file, int line);
   static void assert_marked_strong(void* interior_loc, oop obj, const char* file, int line);
+  static void assert_bitmap_clear_above_top(ShenandoahHeapRegion* region);
 
   // Assert that marking is complete for the generation where this obj resides
   static void assert_mark_complete(HeapWord* obj, const char* file, int line);
@@ -137,6 +140,9 @@ class ShenandoahAsserts {
 #define shenandoah_assert_marked_strong(interior_loc, obj) \
                     ShenandoahAsserts::assert_marked_strong(interior_loc, obj, __FILE__, __LINE__)
 
+#define shenandoah_assert_clear_above_top(region) \
+                    ShenandoahAsserts::assert_bitmap_clear_above_top(region)
+
 #define shenandoah_assert_mark_complete(obj) \
                     ShenandoahAsserts::assert_mark_complete(obj, __FILE__, __LINE__)
 
@@ -227,6 +233,7 @@ class ShenandoahAsserts {
 #define shenandoah_assert_marked_strong_except(interior_loc, obj, exception)
 #define shenandoah_assert_marked_strong(interior_loc, obj)
 
+#define shenandoah_assert_clear_above_top(region)
 #define shenandoah_assert_mark_complete(obj)
 
 #define shenandoah_assert_in_cset_if(interior_loc, obj, condition)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.cpp
index 3bbca7de1ff..24b3743281a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2016, 2021, Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahYoungGeneration.hpp"
 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
-#include "runtime/orderAccess.hpp"
 
 static const char* partition_name(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId t) {
   switch (t) {
@@ -1685,11 +1684,10 @@ HeapWord* ShenandoahFreeSet::try_allocate_in(ShenandoahHeapRegion* r, Shenandoah
       // coalesce-and-fill processing.
       r->end_preemptible_coalesce_and_fill();
     }
-#ifdef ASSERT
-    ShenandoahMarkingContext* const ctx = _heap->marking_context();
-    assert(ctx->top_at_mark_start(r) == r->bottom(), "Newly established allocation region starts with TAMS equal to bottom");
-    assert(ctx->is_bitmap_range_within_region_clear(ctx->top_bitmap(r), r->end()), "Bitmap above top_bitmap() must be clear");
-#endif
+
+    assert(_heap->marking_context()->top_at_mark_start(r) == r->bottom(),
+      "Newly established allocation region (%zu) must start with TAMS equal to bottom", r->index());
+    shenandoah_assert_clear_above_top(r);
     log_debug(gc, free)("Using new region (%zu) for %s (" PTR_FORMAT ").",
                         r->index(), req.type_string(), p2i(&req));
   } else {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.cpp
index 063c55ac9c3..66eaed2c222 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2013, 2020, Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGeneration.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.hpp"
-#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegionSet.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMarkingContext.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahScanRemembered.inline.hpp"
@@ -40,14 +39,11 @@
 #include "jfr/jfrEvents.hpp"
 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
 #include "memory/iterator.inline.hpp"
-#include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
-#include "runtime/mutexLocker.hpp"
 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
-#include "runtime/safepoint.hpp"
 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
 
 size_t ShenandoahHeapRegion::RegionCount = 0;
@@ -846,16 +842,7 @@ void ShenandoahHeapRegion::set_affiliation(ShenandoahAffiliation new_affiliation
                   p2i(top()), p2i(ctx->top_at_mark_start(this)), p2i(_update_watermark.load_relaxed()), p2i(ctx->top_bitmap(this)));
   }
 
-#ifdef ASSERT
-  {
-    size_t idx = this->index();
-    HeapWord* top_bitmap = ctx->top_bitmap(this);
-
-    assert(ctx->is_bitmap_range_within_region_clear(top_bitmap, _end),
-           "Region %zu, bitmap should be clear between top_bitmap: " PTR_FORMAT " and end: " PTR_FORMAT, idx,
-           p2i(top_bitmap), p2i(_end));
-  }
-#endif
+  shenandoah_assert_clear_above_top(this);
 
   if (region_affiliation == new_affiliation) {
     return;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMarkingContext.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMarkingContext.cpp
index 0bcdfa9fd2c..87629cefb0d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMarkingContext.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMarkingContext.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2021, Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -91,6 +91,8 @@ void ShenandoahMarkingContext::clear_bitmap(ShenandoahHeapRegion* r) {
 
   if (top_bitmap > bottom) {
     _mark_bit_map.clear_range_large(MemRegion(bottom, top_bitmap));
+    // All bitmap writes must complete before we update top at bitmap. If these writes were reordered,
+    // other threads could see stale marks above top, which is not valid.
     OrderAccess::storestore();
     _top_bitmaps[r->index()] = bottom;
   }

From be303d02a780adce8fc42835514045cdae09d07f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Xiaolong Peng <xpeng@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 2026 23:20:39 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 018/707] 8385594: Shenandoah: Remove legacy allocation methods
 from ShenandoahFreeSet

Reviewed-by: ruili, wkemper, kdnilsen
---
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.cpp | 354 +-----------------
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.hpp |  35 --
 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 384 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.cpp
index 24b3743281a..9db0f662705 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.cpp
@@ -247,10 +247,6 @@ size_t ShenandoahFreeSet::alloc_capacity(size_t idx) const {
   return alloc_capacity(r);
 }
 
-bool ShenandoahFreeSet::has_alloc_capacity(ShenandoahHeapRegion *r) const {
-  return alloc_capacity(r) > 0;
-}
-
 // This is used for unit testing.  Do not use in production code.
 void ShenandoahFreeSet::resize_old_collector_capacity(size_t regions) {
   shenandoah_assert_heaplocked();
@@ -413,11 +409,9 @@ ShenandoahHeapRegion* ShenandoahFreeSet::find_region_for_alloc(size_t min_size_w
     if constexpr (PARTITION == ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::OldCollector) {
       result->end_preemptible_coalesce_and_fill();
     }
-#ifdef ASSERT
-    ShenandoahMarkingContext* const ctx = _heap->marking_context();
-    assert(ctx->top_at_mark_start(result) == result->bottom(), "TAMS must equal bottom for new region");
-    assert(ctx->is_bitmap_range_within_region_clear(ctx->top_bitmap(result), result->end()), "Bitmap must be clear");
-#endif
+    assert(_heap->marking_context()->top_at_mark_start(result) == result->bottom(),
+           "Newly established allocation region (%zu) must start with TAMS equal to bottom", result->index());
+    shenandoah_assert_clear_above_top(result);
   }
   return result;
 }
@@ -1481,81 +1475,6 @@ void ShenandoahFreeSet::add_promoted_in_place_region_to_old_collector(Shenandoah
   _partitions.assert_bounds();
 }
 
-template<typename Iter>
-HeapWord* ShenandoahFreeSet::allocate_with_affiliation(Iter& iterator,
-                                                       ShenandoahAffiliation affiliation,
-                                                       ShenandoahAllocRequest& req,
-                                                       bool& in_new_region) {
-  assert(affiliation != ShenandoahAffiliation::FREE, "Must not");
-  ShenandoahHeapRegion* free_region = nullptr;
-  for (idx_t idx = iterator.current(); iterator.has_next(); idx = iterator.next()) {
-    ShenandoahHeapRegion* r = _heap->get_region(idx);
-    if (r->affiliation() == affiliation) {
-      HeapWord* result = try_allocate_in(r, req, in_new_region);
-      if (result != nullptr) {
-        return result;
-      }
-    } else if (free_region == nullptr && r->affiliation() == FREE) {
-      free_region = r;
-    }
-  }
-  // Failed to allocate within any affiliated region, try the first free region in the partition.
-  if (free_region != nullptr) {
-    HeapWord* result = try_allocate_in(free_region, req, in_new_region);
-    assert(result != nullptr, "Allocate in free region in the partition always succeed.");
-    return result;
-  }
-  log_debug(gc, free)("Could not allocate collector region with affiliation: %s for request " PTR_FORMAT,
-                      shenandoah_affiliation_name(affiliation), p2i(&req));
-  return nullptr;
-}
-
-HeapWord* ShenandoahFreeSet::allocate_single(ShenandoahAllocRequest& req, bool& in_new_region) {
-  shenandoah_assert_heaplocked();
-
-  // Scan the bitmap looking for a first fit.
-  //
-  // Leftmost and rightmost bounds provide enough caching to walk bitmap efficiently. Normally,
-  // we would find the region to allocate at right away.
-  //
-  // Allocations are biased: GC allocations are taken from the high end of the heap.  Regular (and TLAB)
-  // mutator allocations are taken from the middle of heap, below the memory reserved for Collector.
-  // Humongous mutator allocations are taken from the bottom of the heap.
-  //
-  // Free set maintains mutator and collector partitions.  Normally, each allocates only from its partition,
-  // except in special cases when the collector steals regions from the mutator partition.
-
-  // Overwrite with non-zero (non-null) values only if necessary for allocation bookkeeping.
-
-  if (req.is_mutator_alloc()) {
-    return allocate_for_mutator(req, in_new_region);
-  } else {
-    return allocate_for_collector(req, in_new_region);
-  }
-}
-
-HeapWord* ShenandoahFreeSet::allocate_for_mutator(ShenandoahAllocRequest &req, bool &in_new_region) {
-  update_allocation_bias();
-
-  if (_partitions.is_empty(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator)) {
-    // There is no recovery. Mutator does not touch collector view at all.
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-
-  // Try to allocate in the mutator view
-  if (_partitions.alloc_from_left_bias(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator)) {
-    // Allocate from low to high memory.  This keeps the range of fully empty regions more tightly packed.
-    // Note that the most recently allocated regions tend not to be evacuated in a given GC cycle.  So this
-    // tends to accumulate "fragmented" uncollected regions in high memory.
-    ShenandoahLeftRightIterator iterator(&_partitions, ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator);
-    return allocate_from_regions(iterator, req, in_new_region);
-  }
-
-  // Allocate from high to low memory. This preserves low memory for humongous allocations.
-  ShenandoahRightLeftIterator iterator(&_partitions, ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator);
-  return allocate_from_regions(iterator, req, in_new_region);
-}
-
 void ShenandoahFreeSet::update_allocation_bias() {
   if (_alloc_bias_weight-- <= 0) {
     // We have observed that regions not collected in previous GC cycle tend to congregate at one end or the other
@@ -1582,242 +1501,6 @@ void ShenandoahFreeSet::update_allocation_bias() {
   }
 }
 
-template<typename Iter>
-HeapWord* ShenandoahFreeSet::allocate_from_regions(Iter& iterator, ShenandoahAllocRequest &req, bool &in_new_region) {
-  for (idx_t idx = iterator.current(); iterator.has_next(); idx = iterator.next()) {
-    ShenandoahHeapRegion* r = _heap->get_region(idx);
-    size_t min_size = req.is_lab_alloc() ? req.min_size() : req.size();
-    if (alloc_capacity(r) >= min_size * HeapWordSize) {
-      HeapWord* result = try_allocate_in(r, req, in_new_region);
-      if (result != nullptr) {
-        return result;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-  return nullptr;
-}
-
-HeapWord* ShenandoahFreeSet::allocate_for_collector(ShenandoahAllocRequest &req, bool &in_new_region) {
-  shenandoah_assert_heaplocked();
-  ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId which_partition = req.is_old()? ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::OldCollector: ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Collector;
-  HeapWord* result = nullptr;
-  if (_partitions.alloc_from_left_bias(which_partition)) {
-    ShenandoahLeftRightIterator iterator(&_partitions, which_partition);
-    result = allocate_with_affiliation(iterator, req.affiliation(), req, in_new_region);
-  } else {
-    ShenandoahRightLeftIterator iterator(&_partitions, which_partition);
-    result = allocate_with_affiliation(iterator, req.affiliation(), req, in_new_region);
-  }
-
-  if (result != nullptr) {
-    return result;
-  }
-
-  // No dice. Can we borrow space from mutator view?
-  if (!ShenandoahEvacReserveOverflow) {
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-
-  if (_partitions.get_empty_region_counts(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator) > 0) {
-    // Try to steal an empty region from the mutator view.
-    result = try_allocate_from_mutator(req, in_new_region);
-  }
-
-  // This is it. Do not try to mix mutator and GC allocations, because adjusting region UWM
-  // due to GC allocations would expose unparsable mutator allocations.
-  return result;
-}
-
-HeapWord* ShenandoahFreeSet::try_allocate_from_mutator(ShenandoahAllocRequest& req, bool& in_new_region) {
-  // The collector prefers to keep longer lived regions toward the right side of the heap, so it always
-  // searches for regions from right to left here.
-  ShenandoahRightLeftIterator iterator(&_partitions, ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator, true);
-  for (idx_t idx = iterator.current(); iterator.has_next(); idx = iterator.next()) {
-    ShenandoahHeapRegion* r = _heap->get_region(idx);
-    if (can_allocate_from(r)) {
-      if (req.is_old()) {
-        if (!flip_to_old_gc(r)) {
-          continue;
-        }
-      } else {
-        flip_to_gc(r);
-      }
-      // Region r is entirely empty.  If try_allocate_in fails on region r, something else is really wrong.
-      // Don't bother to retry with other regions.
-      log_debug(gc, free)("Flipped region %zu to gc for request: " PTR_FORMAT, idx, p2i(&req));
-      return try_allocate_in(r, req, in_new_region);
-    }
-  }
-
-  return nullptr;
-}
-
-
-HeapWord* ShenandoahFreeSet::try_allocate_in(ShenandoahHeapRegion* r, ShenandoahAllocRequest& req, bool& in_new_region) {
-  assert (has_alloc_capacity(r), "Performance: should avoid full regions on this path: %zu", r->index());
-  if (_heap->is_concurrent_weak_root_in_progress() && r->is_trash()) {
-    // We cannot use this region for allocation when weak roots are in progress because the collector may need
-    // to reference unmarked oops during concurrent classunloading. The collector also needs accurate marking
-    // information to determine which weak handles need to be null'd out. If the region is recycled before weak
-    // roots processing has finished, weak root processing may fail to null out a handle into a trashed region.
-    // This turns the handle into a dangling pointer and will crash or corrupt the heap.
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-  HeapWord* result = nullptr;
-  // We must call try_recycle_under_lock() even if !r->is_trash().  The reason is that if r is being recycled at this
-  // moment by a GC worker thread, it may appear to be not trash even though it has not yet been fully recycled.  If
-  // we proceed without waiting for the worker to finish recycling the region, the worker thread may overwrite the
-  // region's affiliation with FREE after we set the region's affiliation to req.affiliation() below
-  r->try_recycle_under_lock();
-  in_new_region = r->is_empty();
-  if (in_new_region) {
-    log_debug(gc, free)("Using new region (%zu) for %s (" PTR_FORMAT ").",
-                        r->index(), req.type_string(), p2i(&req));
-    assert(!r->is_affiliated(), "New region %zu should be unaffiliated", r->index());
-    r->set_affiliation(req.affiliation());
-    if (r->is_old()) {
-      // Any OLD region allocated during concurrent coalesce-and-fill does not need to be coalesced and filled because
-      // all objects allocated within this region are above TAMS (and thus are implicitly marked).  In case this is an
-      // OLD region and concurrent preparation for mixed evacuations visits this region before the start of the next
-      // old-gen concurrent mark (i.e. this region is allocated following the start of old-gen concurrent mark but before
-      // concurrent preparations for mixed evacuations are completed), we mark this region as not requiring any
-      // coalesce-and-fill processing.
-      r->end_preemptible_coalesce_and_fill();
-    }
-
-    assert(_heap->marking_context()->top_at_mark_start(r) == r->bottom(),
-      "Newly established allocation region (%zu) must start with TAMS equal to bottom", r->index());
-    shenandoah_assert_clear_above_top(r);
-    log_debug(gc, free)("Using new region (%zu) for %s (" PTR_FORMAT ").",
-                        r->index(), req.type_string(), p2i(&req));
-  } else {
-    assert(r->is_affiliated(), "Region %zu that is not new should be affiliated", r->index());
-    if (r->affiliation() != req.affiliation()) {
-      assert(_heap->mode()->is_generational(), "Request for %s from %s region should only happen in generational mode.",
-             req.affiliation_name(), r->affiliation_name());
-      return nullptr;
-    }
-  }
-
-  // req.size() is in words, r->free() is in bytes.
-  if (req.is_lab_alloc()) {
-    size_t adjusted_size = req.size();
-    size_t free = align_down(r->free() >> LogHeapWordSize, MinObjAlignment);
-    if (adjusted_size > free) {
-      adjusted_size = free;
-    }
-    if (adjusted_size >= req.min_size()) {
-      result = r->allocate(adjusted_size, req);
-      assert (result != nullptr, "Allocation must succeed: free %zu, actual %zu", free, adjusted_size);
-      req.set_actual_size(adjusted_size);
-    } else {
-      log_trace(gc, free)("Failed to shrink LAB request (%zu) in region %zu to %zu"
-                          " because min_size() is %zu", req.size(), r->index(), adjusted_size, req.min_size());
-    }
-  } else {
-    size_t size = req.size();
-    result = r->allocate(size, req);
-    if (result != nullptr) {
-      // Record actual allocation size
-      req.set_actual_size(size);
-    }
-  }
-
-  if (result != nullptr) {
-    // Allocation successful, bump stats:
-    if (req.is_mutator_alloc()) {
-      assert(req.is_young(), "Mutator allocations always come from young generation.");
-      _partitions.increase_used(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator, req.actual_size() * HeapWordSize);
-    } else {
-      assert(req.is_gc_alloc(), "Should be gc_alloc since req wasn't mutator alloc");
-
-      // For GC allocations, we advance update_watermark because the objects relocated into this memory during
-      // evacuation are not updated during evacuation.  For both young and old regions r, it is essential that all
-      // PLABs be made parsable at the end of evacuation.  This is enabled by retiring all plabs at end of evacuation.
-      r->set_update_watermark(r->top());
-      if (r->is_old()) {
-        _partitions.increase_used(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::OldCollector, (req.actual_size() + req.waste()) * HeapWordSize);
-      } else {
-        _partitions.increase_used(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Collector, (req.actual_size() + req.waste()) * HeapWordSize);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId orig_partition;
-  if (req.is_mutator_alloc()) {
-    orig_partition = ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator;
-  } else if (req.is_old()) {
-    orig_partition = ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::OldCollector;
-  } else {
-    // Not old collector alloc, so this is a young collector gclab or shared allocation
-    orig_partition = ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Collector;
-  }
-  DEBUG_ONLY(bool boundary_changed = false;)
-  if ((result != nullptr) && in_new_region) {
-    _partitions.one_region_is_no_longer_empty(orig_partition);
-    DEBUG_ONLY(boundary_changed = true;)
-  }
-
-  if (alloc_capacity(r) < PLAB::min_size() * HeapWordSize) {
-    // Regardless of whether this allocation succeeded, if the remaining memory is less than PLAB:min_size(), retire this region.
-    // Note that retire_from_partition() increases used to account for waste.
-
-    size_t idx = r->index();
-    size_t waste_bytes = _partitions.retire_from_partition(orig_partition, idx, r->used());
-    DEBUG_ONLY(boundary_changed = true;)
-    if (req.is_mutator_alloc() && (waste_bytes > 0)) {
-      req.set_waste(waste_bytes / HeapWordSize);
-    }
-  }
-
-  switch (orig_partition) {
-  case ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator:
-    recompute_total_used</* UsedByMutatorChanged */ true,
-                         /* UsedByCollectorChanged */ false, /* UsedByOldCollectorChanged */ false>();
-    if (in_new_region) {
-      recompute_total_affiliated</* MutatorEmptiesChanged */ true, /* CollectorEmptiesChanged */ false,
-                                 /* OldCollectorEmptiesChanged */ false, /* MutatorSizeChanged */ false,
-                                 /* CollectorSizeChanged */ false, /* OldCollectorSizeChanged */ false,
-                                 /* AffiliatedChangesAreYoungNeutral */ false, /* AffiliatedChangesAreGlobalNeutral */ false,
-                                 /* UnaffiliatedChangesAreYoungNeutral */ false>();
-    }
-    break;
-  case ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Collector:
-    recompute_total_used</* UsedByMutatorChanged */ false,
-                         /* UsedByCollectorChanged */ true, /* UsedByOldCollectorChanged */ false>();
-    if (in_new_region) {
-      recompute_total_affiliated</* MutatorEmptiesChanged */ false, /* CollectorEmptiesChanged */ true,
-                                 /* OldCollectorEmptiesChanged */ false, /* MutatorSizeChanged */ false,
-                                 /* CollectorSizeChanged */ false, /* OldCollectorSizeChanged */ false,
-                                 /* AffiliatedChangesAreYoungNeutral */ false, /* AffiliatedChangesAreGlobalNeutral */ false,
-                                 /* UnaffiliatedChangesAreYoungNeutral */ false>();
-    }
-    break;
-  case ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::OldCollector:
-    recompute_total_used</* UsedByMutatorChanged */ false,
-                         /* UsedByCollectorChanged */ false, /* UsedByOldCollectorChanged */ true>();
-    if (in_new_region) {
-      recompute_total_affiliated</* MutatorEmptiesChanged */ false, /* CollectorEmptiesChanged */ false,
-                                 /* OldCollectorEmptiesChanged */ true, /* MutatorSizeChanged */ false,
-                                 /* CollectorSizeChanged */ false, /* OldCollectorSizeChanged */ false,
-                                 /* AffiliatedChangesAreYoungNeutral */ true, /* AffiliatedChangesAreGlobalNeutral */ false,
-                                 /* UnaffiliatedChangesAreYoungNeutral */ true>();
-    }
-    break;
-  case ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::NotFree:
-  default:
-    assert(false, "won't happen");
-  }
-#ifdef ASSERT
-  if (boundary_changed) {
-    _partitions.assert_bounds();
-  } else {
-    _partitions.assert_bounds_sanity();
-  }
-#endif
-  return result;
-}
-
 HeapWord* ShenandoahFreeSet::allocate_contiguous(ShenandoahAllocRequest& req, bool is_humongous) {
   assert(req.is_mutator_alloc(), "All contiguous allocations are performed by mutator");
   shenandoah_assert_heaplocked();
@@ -2088,8 +1771,8 @@ void ShenandoahFreeSet::flip_to_gc(ShenandoahHeapRegion* r) {
                              /* AffiliatedChangesAreYoungNeutral */ true, /* AffiliatedChangesAreGlobalNeutral */ true,
                              /* UnaffiliatedChangesAreYoungNeutral */ true>();
   _partitions.assert_bounds();
-  // We do not ensure that the region is no longer trash, relying on try_allocate_in(), which always comes next,
-  // to recycle trash before attempting to allocate anything in the region.
+  // We do not ensure that the region is no longer trash, relying on the caller, which always recycles
+  // trash before attempting to allocate anything in the region.
 }
 
 void ShenandoahFreeSet::clear() {
@@ -3273,33 +2956,6 @@ void ShenandoahFreeSet::decrease_humongous_waste_for_regular_bypass(ShenandoahHe
   _total_humongous_waste -= waste;
 }
 
-
-HeapWord* ShenandoahFreeSet::allocate(ShenandoahAllocRequest& req, bool& in_new_region) {
-  shenandoah_assert_heaplocked();
-  if (ShenandoahHeapRegion::requires_humongous(req.size())) {
-    switch (req.type()) {
-      case ShenandoahAllocRequest::_alloc_shared:
-      case ShenandoahAllocRequest::_alloc_shared_gc:
-        in_new_region = true;
-        return allocate_contiguous(req, /* is_humongous = */ true);
-      case ShenandoahAllocRequest::_alloc_cds:
-        in_new_region = true;
-        return allocate_contiguous(req, /* is_humongous = */ false);
-      case ShenandoahAllocRequest::_alloc_plab:
-      case ShenandoahAllocRequest::_alloc_gclab:
-      case ShenandoahAllocRequest::_alloc_tlab:
-        in_new_region = false;
-        assert(false, "Trying to allocate TLAB in humongous region: %zu", req.size());
-        return nullptr;
-      default:
-        ShouldNotReachHere();
-        return nullptr;
-    }
-  } else {
-    return allocate_single(req, in_new_region);
-  }
-}
-
 void ShenandoahFreeSet::print_on(outputStream* out) const {
   out->print_cr("Mutator Free Set: %zu", _partitions.count(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator));
   ShenandoahLeftRightIterator mutator(const_cast<ShenandoahRegionPartitions*>(&_partitions), ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId::Mutator);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.hpp
index 4d3be955ddc..4ee9933794d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.hpp
@@ -561,16 +561,6 @@ using idx_t = ShenandoahSimpleBitMap::idx_t;
 #endif
   }
 
-  // Increases used memory for the partition if the allocation is successful. `in_new_region` will be set
-  // if this is the first allocation in the region.
-  HeapWord* try_allocate_in(ShenandoahHeapRegion* region, ShenandoahAllocRequest& req, bool& in_new_region);
-
-  // While holding the heap lock, allocate memory for a single object or LAB  which is to be entirely contained
-  // within a single HeapRegion as characterized by req.
-  //
-  // Precondition: !ShenandoahHeapRegion::requires_humongous(req.size())
-  HeapWord* allocate_single(ShenandoahAllocRequest& req, bool& in_new_region);
-
   bool transfer_one_region_from_mutator_to_old_collector(size_t idx, size_t alloc_capacity);
 
   // Change region r from the Mutator partition to the GC's Collector or OldCollector partition.  This requires that the
@@ -585,30 +575,9 @@ using idx_t = ShenandoahSimpleBitMap::idx_t;
   // Return true if and only if the given region is successfully flipped to the old partition
   bool flip_to_old_gc(ShenandoahHeapRegion* r);
 
-  // Handle allocation for mutator.
-  HeapWord* allocate_for_mutator(ShenandoahAllocRequest &req, bool &in_new_region);
-
   // Update allocation bias and decided whether to allocate from the left or right side of the heap.
   void update_allocation_bias();
 
-  // Search for regions to satisfy allocation request using iterator.
-  template<typename Iter>
-  HeapWord* allocate_from_regions(Iter& iterator, ShenandoahAllocRequest &req, bool &in_new_region);
-
-  // Handle allocation for collector (for evacuation).
-  HeapWord* allocate_for_collector(ShenandoahAllocRequest& req, bool& in_new_region);
-
-  // Search for allocation in region with same affiliation as request, using given iterator,
-  // or affiliate the first usable FREE region with given affiliation and allocate in.
-  template<typename Iter>
-  HeapWord* allocate_with_affiliation(Iter& iterator,
-                                      ShenandoahAffiliation affiliation,
-                                      ShenandoahAllocRequest& req,
-                                      bool& in_new_region);
-
-  // Attempt to allocate memory for an evacuation from the mutator's partition.
-  HeapWord* try_allocate_from_mutator(ShenandoahAllocRequest& req, bool& in_new_region);
-
   void clear_internal();
 
   // Returns true iff this region is entirely available, either because it is empty() or because it has been found to represent
@@ -617,8 +586,6 @@ using idx_t = ShenandoahSimpleBitMap::idx_t;
   bool can_allocate_from(ShenandoahHeapRegion *r) const;
   bool can_allocate_from(size_t idx) const;
 
-  bool has_alloc_capacity(ShenandoahHeapRegion *r) const;
-
   void transfer_empty_regions_from_to(ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId source_partition,
                                       ShenandoahFreeSetPartitionId dest_partition,
                                       size_t num_regions);
@@ -854,8 +821,6 @@ using idx_t = ShenandoahSimpleBitMap::idx_t;
 
   void decrease_humongous_waste_for_regular_bypass(ShenandoahHeapRegion* r, size_t waste);
 
-  HeapWord* allocate(ShenandoahAllocRequest& req, bool& in_new_region);
-
   /*
    * Internal fragmentation metric: describes how fragmented the heap regions are.
    *

From bab561b0c5079979cf1c364bc46dcadb3b28b4b5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Quan Anh Mai <qamai@openjdk.org>
Date: Sat, 20 Jun 2026 16:46:50 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 019/707] 8379555: Test compiler/igvn/ExpressionFuzzer.java
 crashed with -Xcomp: Not monotonic

Reviewed-by: kvn, epeter, hgreule
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/intrinsicnode.cpp      | 241 +++++-------------
 src/hotspot/share/opto/rangeinference.hpp     | 129 +++++++++-
 .../gtest/opto/test_rangeinference.cpp        |  29 ++-
 .../ccp/TestCompressBitsMonotonicity.java     |  60 +++++
 4 files changed, 262 insertions(+), 197 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ccp/TestCompressBitsMonotonicity.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/intrinsicnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/intrinsicnode.cpp
index 16ba829728b..887681233f1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/intrinsicnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/intrinsicnode.cpp
@@ -22,14 +22,13 @@
  *
  */
 
-#include "opto/addnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/intrinsicnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/memnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/mulnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/opcodes.hpp"
 #include "opto/phaseX.hpp"
-#include "utilities/count_leading_zeros.hpp"
+#include "opto/rangeinference.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
-#include "utilities/population_count.hpp"
 
 //=============================================================================
 // Do not match memory edge.
@@ -231,171 +230,68 @@ Node* ExpandBitsNode::Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) {
   return compress_expand_identity(phase, this);
 }
 
-static const Type* bitshuffle_value(const TypeInteger* src_type, const TypeInteger* mask_type, int opc, BasicType bt) {
-
+// Bit expansion is a reverse process of bit compression. It sequentially reads source bits
+// starting from LSB and places them at bit positions in result value where corresponding mask bits
+// are 1. Thus, bit expansion for non-negative mask value will always generate a +ve value, this is
+// because sign bit of result will never be set to 1 as corresponding mask bit is always 0.
+static const Type* expand_bits_value(const TypeInteger* mask_type, BasicType bt) {
+  assert(bt == T_INT || bt == T_LONG, "unexpected BasicType %s", type2name(bt));
   jlong hi = bt == T_INT ? max_jint : max_jlong;
   jlong lo = bt == T_INT ? min_jint : min_jlong;
-  assert(bt == T_INT || bt == T_LONG, "");
-
-  // Rule 1: Bit compression selects the source bits corresponding to true mask bits,
-  // packs them and places them contiguously at destination bit positions
-  // starting from least significant bit, remaining higher order bits are set
-  // to zero.
 
-  // Rule 2: Bit expansion is a reverse process, which sequentially reads source bits
-  // starting from LSB and places them at bit positions in result value where
-  // corresponding mask bits are 1. Thus, bit expansion for non-negative mask
-  // value will always generate a +ve value, this is because sign bit of result
-  // will never be set to 1 as corresponding mask bit is always 0.
-
-  // Case A) Constant mask
   if (mask_type->is_con()) {
+    // Case A) Constant mask
     jlong maskcon = mask_type->get_con_as_long(bt);
-    if (opc == Op_CompressBits) {
-      // Case A.1 bit compression:-
-      // For an outlier mask value of -1 upper bound of the result equals
-      // maximum integral value, for any other mask value its computed using
-      // following formula
-      //       Result.Hi = 1 << popcount(mask_bits) - 1
-      //
-      // For mask values other than -1, lower bound of the result is estimated
-      // as zero, by assuming at least one mask bit is zero and corresponding source
-      // bit will be masked, hence result of bit compression will always be
-      // non-negative value. For outlier mask value of -1, assume all source bits
-      // apart from most significant bit were set to 0, thereby resulting in
-      // a minimum integral value.
-      // e.g.
-      //  src = 0xXXXXXXXX (non-constant source)
-      //  mask = 0xEFFFFFFF (constant mask)
-      //  result.hi = 0x7FFFFFFF
-      //  result.lo = 0
-      if (maskcon != -1L) {
-        int bitcount = population_count(static_cast<julong>(bt == T_INT ? maskcon & 0xFFFFFFFFL : maskcon));
-        hi = right_n_bits<jlong>(bitcount);
-        lo = 0L;
-      } else {
-        // preserve originally assigned hi (MAX_INT/LONG) and lo (MIN_INT/LONG) values
-        // for unknown source bits.
-        assert(hi == (bt == T_INT ? max_jint : max_jlong), "");
-        assert(lo == (bt == T_INT ? min_jint : min_jlong), "");
-      }
+    if (maskcon >= 0L) {
+      //   Case A.2.1 constant mask >= 0
+      //     Result.Hi = mask, optimistically assuming all source bits
+      //     read starting from least significant bit positions are 1.
+      //     Result.Lo = 0, because at least one bit in mask is zero.
+      //   e.g.
+      //    src = 0xXXXXXXXX (non-constant source)
+      //    mask = 0x7FFFFFFF (constant mask >= 0)
+      //    result.hi = 0x7FFFFFFF
+      //    result.lo = 0
+      hi = maskcon;
+      lo = 0L;
     } else {
-      // Case A.2 bit expansion:-
-      assert(opc == Op_ExpandBits, "");
-      if (maskcon >= 0L) {
-        //   Case A.2.1 constant mask >= 0
-        //     Result.Hi = mask, optimistically assuming all source bits
-        //     read starting from least significant bit positions are 1.
-        //     Result.Lo = 0, because at least one bit in mask is zero.
-        //   e.g.
-        //    src = 0xXXXXXXXX (non-constant source)
-        //    mask = 0x7FFFFFFF (constant mask >= 0)
-        //    result.hi = 0x7FFFFFFF
-        //    result.lo = 0
-        hi = maskcon;
-        lo = 0L;
-      } else {
-        //   Case A.2.2) mask < 0
-        //     For constant mask strictly less than zero, the maximum result value will be
-        //     the same as the mask value with its sign bit flipped, assuming all source bits
-        //     except the MSB bit are set(one).
-        //
-        //     To compute minimum result value we assume all but last read source bit as zero,
-        //     this is because sign bit of result will always be set to 1 while other bit
-        //     corresponding to set mask bit should be zero.
-        //   e.g.
-        //    src = 0xXXXXXXXX (non-constant source)
-        //    mask = 0xEFFFFFFF (constant mask)
-        //    result.hi = 0xEFFFFFFF ^ 0x80000000 = 0x6FFFFFFF
-        //    result.lo = 0x80000000
-        //
-        hi = maskcon ^ lo;
-        // lo still retains MIN_INT/LONG.
-        assert(lo == (bt == T_INT ? min_jint : min_jlong), "");
-      }
+      //   Case A.2.2) mask < 0
+      //     For constant mask strictly less than zero, the maximum result value will be
+      //     the same as the mask value with its sign bit flipped, assuming all source bits
+      //     except the MSB bit are set(one).
+      //
+      //     To compute minimum result value we assume all but last read source bit as zero,
+      //     this is because sign bit of result will always be set to 1 while other bit
+      //     corresponding to set mask bit should be zero.
+      //   e.g.
+      //    src = 0xXXXXXXXX (non-constant source)
+      //    mask = 0xEFFFFFFF (constant mask)
+      //    result.hi = 0xEFFFFFFF ^ 0x80000000 = 0x6FFFFFFF
+      //    result.lo = 0x80000000
+      //
+      hi = maskcon ^ lo;
+      // lo still retains MIN_INT/LONG.
+      assert(lo == (bt == T_INT ? min_jint : min_jlong), "");
     }
-  }
-
-  // Case B) Non-constant mask.
-  if (!mask_type->is_con()) {
-    if ( opc == Op_CompressBits) {
-      int result_bit_width;
-      int mask_bit_width = bt == T_INT ? 32 : 64;
-      if ((mask_type->lo_as_long() < 0L && mask_type->hi_as_long() >= -1L)) {
-        // Case B.1 The mask value range includes -1, hence we may use all bits,
-        //          the result has the whole value range.
-        result_bit_width = mask_bit_width;
-      } else if (mask_type->hi_as_long() < -1L) {
-        // Case B.2 Mask value range is strictly less than -1, this indicates presence of at least
-        // one unset(zero) bit in mask value, thus as per Rule 1, bit compression will always
-        // result in a non-negative value. This guarantees that MSB bit of result value will
-        // always be set to zero.
-        result_bit_width = mask_bit_width - 1;
-      } else {
-        assert(mask_type->lo_as_long() >= 0, "");
-        // Case B.3 Mask value range only includes non-negative values. Since all integral
-        // types honours an invariant that TypeInteger._lo <= TypeInteger._hi, thus computing
-        // leading zero bits of upper bound of mask value will allow us to ascertain
-        // optimistic upper bound of result i.e. all the bits other than leading zero bits
-        // can be assumed holding 1 value.
-        jlong clz = count_leading_zeros(mask_type->hi_as_long());
-        // Here, result of clz is w.r.t to long argument, hence for integer argument
-        // we explicitly subtract 32 from the result.
-        clz = bt == T_INT ? clz - 32 : clz;
-        result_bit_width = mask_bit_width - clz;
-      }
-      // If the number of bits required to for the mask value range is less than the
-      // full bit width of the integral type, then the MSB bit is guaranteed to be zero,
-      // thus the compression result will never be a -ve value and we can safely set the
-      // lower bound of the bit compression to zero.
-      lo = result_bit_width == mask_bit_width ? lo : 0L;
-
-      assert(hi == (bt == T_INT ? max_jint : max_jlong), "");
-      assert(lo == (bt == T_INT ? min_jint : min_jlong) || lo == 0, "");
-
-      if (src_type->lo_as_long() >= 0) {
-        // Lemma 1: For strictly non-negative src, the result of the compression will never be
-        // greater than src.
-        // Proof: Since src is a non-negative value, its most significant bit is always 0.
-        // Thus even if the corresponding MSB of the mask is one, the result will be a +ve
-        // value. There are three possible cases
-        //   a. All the mask bits corresponding to set source bits are unset(zero).
-        //   b. All the mask bits corresponding to set source bits are set(one)
-        //   c. Some mask bits corresponding to set source bits are set(one) while others are unset(zero)
-        //
-        // Case a. results into an allzero result, while Case b. gives us the upper bound which is equals source
-        // value, while for Case c. the result will lie within [0, src]
-        //
-        hi = src_type->hi_as_long();
-        lo = 0L;
-      }
-
-      if (result_bit_width < mask_bit_width) {
-        // Rule 3:
-        // We can further constrain the upper bound of bit compression if the number of bits
-        // which can be set(one) is less than the maximum number of bits of integral type.
-        hi = MIN2(right_n_bits<jlong>(result_bit_width), hi);
-      }
+  } else {
+    // Case B) Non-constant mask.
+    jlong max_mask = mask_type->hi_as_long();
+    jlong min_mask = mask_type->lo_as_long();
+    // Since mask here a range and not a constant value, hence being
+    // conservative in determining the value range of result.
+    if (min_mask >= 0L) {
+      // Lemma 2: Based on the integral type invariant ie. TypeInteger.lo <= TypeInteger.hi,
+      // if the lower bound of non-constant mask is a non-negative value then result can never
+      // be greater than the mask.
+      // Proof: Since lower bound of the mask is a non-negative value, hence most significant
+      // bit of its entire value must be unset(zero). If all the lower order 'n' source bits
+      // where n corresponds to popcount of mask are set(ones) then upper bound of the result equals
+      // mask. In order to compute the lower bound, we pssimistically assume all the lower order 'n'
+      // source bits are unset(zero) there by resuling into a zero value.
+      hi = max_mask;
+      lo = 0;
     } else {
-      assert(opc == Op_ExpandBits, "");
-      jlong max_mask = mask_type->hi_as_long();
-      jlong min_mask = mask_type->lo_as_long();
-      // Since mask here a range and not a constant value, hence being
-      // conservative in determining the value range of result.
-      if (min_mask >= 0L) {
-        // Lemma 2: Based on the integral type invariant ie. TypeInteger.lo <= TypeInteger.hi,
-        // if the lower bound of non-constant mask is a non-negative value then result can never
-        // be greater than the mask.
-        // Proof: Since lower bound of the mask is a non-negative value, hence most significant
-        // bit of its entire value must be unset(zero). If all the lower order 'n' source bits
-        // where n corresponds to popcount of mask are set(ones) then upper bound of the result equals
-        // mask. In order to compute the lower bound, we pssimistically assume all the lower order 'n'
-        // source bits are unset(zero) there by resuling into a zero value.
-        hi = max_mask;
-        lo = 0;
-      } else {
-        // preserve the lo and hi bounds estimated till now.
-      }
+      // preserve the lo and hi bounds estimated till now.
     }
   }
 
@@ -423,25 +319,12 @@ const Type* CompressBitsNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
   }
 
   BasicType bt = bottom_type()->basic_type();
-  const TypeInteger* src_type = t1->is_integer(bt);
-  const TypeInteger* mask_type = t2->is_integer(bt);
-  int w = bt == T_INT ? 32 : 64;
-
-  // Constant fold if both src and mask are constants.
-  if (src_type->is_con() && mask_type->is_con()) {
-    jlong src = src_type->get_con_as_long(bt);
-    jlong mask = mask_type->get_con_as_long(bt);
-    jlong res = compress_bits(src, mask, w);
-    return bt == T_INT ? static_cast<const Type*>(TypeInt::make(res)) :
-                         static_cast<const Type*>(TypeLong::make(res));
-  }
-
-  // Result is zero if src is zero irrespective of mask value.
-  if (src_type == TypeInteger::zero(bt)) {
-     return TypeInteger::zero(bt);
+  if (bt == T_INT) {
+    return RangeInference::infer_compress_bits(t1->is_int(), t2->is_int());
+  } else {
+    assert(bt == T_LONG, "unexpected BasicType %s", type2name(bt));
+    return RangeInference::infer_compress_bits(t1->is_long(), t2->is_long());
   }
-
-  return bitshuffle_value(src_type, mask_type, Op_CompressBits, bt);
 }
 
 jlong ExpandBitsNode::expand_bits(jlong src, jlong mask, int bit_count) {
@@ -482,5 +365,5 @@ const Type* ExpandBitsNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
      return TypeInteger::zero(bt);
   }
 
-  return bitshuffle_value(src_type, mask_type, Op_ExpandBits, bt);
+  return expand_bits_value(mask_type, bt);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/rangeinference.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/rangeinference.hpp
index 7c0f12f6ef7..e5e34051587 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/rangeinference.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/rangeinference.hpp
@@ -222,12 +222,16 @@ class TypeIntMirror {
     return TypeIntHelper::int_type_union(this, &o);
   }
 
+  bool contains(U u) const {
+    S s = S(u);
+    return s >= _lo && s <= _hi && u >= _ulo && u <= _uhi && _bits.is_satisfied_by(u);
+  }
+
   // These allow TypeIntMirror to mimick the behaviors of TypeInt* and TypeLong*, so they can be
   // passed into RangeInference methods. These are only used in testing, so they are implemented in
   // the test file.
   static TypeIntMirror make(const TypeIntMirror& t, int widen);
   const TypeIntMirror* operator->() const;
-  bool contains(U u) const;
   bool contains(const TypeIntMirror& o) const;
   bool operator==(const TypeIntMirror& o) const;
 
@@ -365,20 +369,23 @@ class RangeInference {
     return CT<CTP>::make(res, MAX2(t1->_widen, t2->_widen));
   }
 
+  template <class CTP>
+  static TypeIntMirror<S<CTP>, U<CTP>> infer_and_impl(const TypeIntMirror<S<CTP>, U<CTP>>& st1, const TypeIntMirror<S<CTP>, U<CTP>>& st2) {
+    S<CTP> lo = std::numeric_limits<S<CTP>>::min();
+    S<CTP> hi = std::numeric_limits<S<CTP>>::max();
+    U<CTP> ulo = std::numeric_limits<U<CTP>>::min();
+    // The unsigned value of the result of 'and' is always not greater than both of its inputs
+    // since there is no position at which the bit is 1 in the result and 0 in either input
+    U<CTP> uhi = MIN2(st1._uhi, st2._uhi);
+    U<CTP> zeros = st1._bits._zeros | st2._bits._zeros;
+    U<CTP> ones = st1._bits._ones & st2._bits._ones;
+    return TypeIntMirror<S<CTP>, U<CTP>>::make(TypeIntPrototype<S<CTP>, U<CTP>>{{lo, hi}, {ulo, uhi}, {zeros, ones}});
+  }
+
 public:
   template <class CTP>
   static CTP infer_and(CTP t1, CTP t2) {
-    return infer_binary(t1, t2, [&](const TypeIntMirror<S<CTP>, U<CTP>>& st1, const TypeIntMirror<S<CTP>, U<CTP>>& st2) {
-      S<CTP> lo = std::numeric_limits<S<CTP>>::min();
-      S<CTP> hi = std::numeric_limits<S<CTP>>::max();
-      U<CTP> ulo = std::numeric_limits<U<CTP>>::min();
-      // The unsigned value of the result of 'and' is always not greater than both of its inputs
-      // since there is no position at which the bit is 1 in the result and 0 in either input
-      U<CTP> uhi = MIN2(st1._uhi, st2._uhi);
-      U<CTP> zeros = st1._bits._zeros | st2._bits._zeros;
-      U<CTP> ones = st1._bits._ones & st2._bits._ones;
-      return TypeIntMirror<S<CTP>, U<CTP>>::make(TypeIntPrototype<S<CTP>, U<CTP>>{{lo, hi}, {ulo, uhi}, {zeros, ones}});
-    });
+    return infer_binary(t1, t2, infer_and_impl<CTP>);
   }
 
   template <class CTP>
@@ -442,6 +449,104 @@ class RangeInference {
     TypeIntPrototype<S<CTP>, U<CTP>> proto{{slo, shi}, {ulo, uhi}, known_bits};
     return CT<CTP>::make(proto, t1->_widen);
   }
+
+  // Bit compression selects the source bits corresponding to true mask bits, packs them and places
+  // them contiguously at destination bit positions starting from least significant bit, remaining
+  // higher order bits are set to zero.
+  template <class CTP>
+  static CTP infer_compress_bits(CTP t1, CTP t2) {
+    return infer_binary(t1, t2, [](const TypeIntMirror<S<CTP>, U<CTP>>& st1, const TypeIntMirror<S<CTP>, U<CTP>>& st2) {
+      S<CTP> lo = std::numeric_limits<S<CTP>>::min();
+      const S<CTP> hi = std::numeric_limits<S<CTP>>::max();
+      const U<CTP> ulo = U<CTP>(0);
+      // Integer.compress(v, mask) == Integer.compress(v & mask, mask)
+      // Integer.compress(v, mask) u<= v
+      // So, Integer.compress(v, mask) u<= (v & mask)
+      const U<CTP> uhi = infer_and_impl<CTP>(st1, st2)._uhi;
+      // If the mask has at least 1 unset bit, then the result must have its highest bit unset, and
+      // since the only value with no unset bit is the maximum unsigned value, if st2 does not
+      // contain that value, the result must be non-negative
+      if (!st2.contains(std::numeric_limits<U<CTP>>::max())) {
+        lo = S<CTP>(0);
+      }
+
+      U<CTP> zeros = U<CTP>(0);
+      U<CTP> ones = U<CTP>(0);
+      // Firstly, try to collect known bits by traversing from the lowest to the highest bits, we
+      // can collect bits up to the first position at which the corresponding bit in the second
+      // operand is unknown.
+      // For example, consider Integer.compress(v, mask), with:
+      //   v    = 0bxyztuv
+      //   mask = 0b*1*110
+      // we can walk the lowest 3 bits of the operands, and determine that the result must be
+      //          0b****tu
+      {
+        // The bit index in result that will be taken from the current bit in the first operand,
+        // can only be known if we have not encountered any unknown bit in the second operand
+        int res_bit_idx = 0;
+        for (int op_bit_idx = 0; op_bit_idx < HotSpotNumerics::type_width<U<CTP>>(); op_bit_idx++) {
+          // If the bit is 0 in the second operand, the corresponding bit value in the first
+          // operand is irrelevant
+          U<CTP> op_bit_mask = U<CTP>(1) << op_bit_idx;
+          if ((st2._bits._zeros & op_bit_mask) != U<CTP>(0)) {
+            continue;
+          }
+
+          // No further analysis is possible
+          if ((st2._bits._ones & op_bit_mask) == U<CTP>(0)) {
+            break;
+          }
+
+          // The bit of the second operand at op_bit_idx must be 1
+          U<CTP> res_bit_mask = U<CTP>(1) << res_bit_idx;
+          if ((st1._bits._zeros & op_bit_mask) != U<CTP>(0)) {
+            zeros |= res_bit_mask;
+          } else if ((st1._bits._ones & op_bit_mask) != U<CTP>(0)) {
+            ones |= res_bit_mask;
+          }
+          res_bit_idx++;
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Secondly, try to infer the number of leading zeros by traversing from the highest to the
+      // lowest bits. Integer.compress(v, mask) == Integer.compress(v & mask, mask), so the number
+      // of leading zeros in the result is not less than the number of leading zeros in (v & mask).
+      // Furthermore, in the remaining bits, for each bit in the second operand that must be 0, an
+      // addition leading zero in result is guaranteed.
+      // For example, consider Integer.compress(v, mask), with:
+      //          v = 0b*01***
+      //       mask = 0b0x1*0*
+      //   v & mask = 0b001*0*
+      // So the result must have at least 2 leading zeros. Furthermore, we can see that it is
+      // irrelevant whether the bit x in mask is 0 or 1, because the bit in result corresponding to
+      // x must be 0, and the result must have no higher set bit in either case. As a result, we
+      // can assume mask = 0b001*0*. And since mask has at least 3 unset bits, the result must have
+      // at least 3 leading zeros.
+      {
+        // The bit index in result that is determined to be 0
+        int res_bit_idx = HotSpotNumerics::type_width<U<CTP>>() - 1;
+        // Whether we have encountered a bit that is not known 0 in either the first or the second
+        // operand
+        bool leading_zeros = true;
+        for (int op_bit_idx = HotSpotNumerics::type_width<U<CTP>>() - 1; op_bit_idx >= 0; op_bit_idx--) {
+          U<CTP> op_bit_mask = U<CTP>(1) << op_bit_idx;
+          if ((st2._bits._zeros & op_bit_mask) != U<CTP>(0)) {
+            zeros |= (U<CTP>(1) << res_bit_idx);
+            res_bit_idx--;
+          } else if (leading_zeros) {
+            if ((st1._bits._zeros & op_bit_mask) != U<CTP>(0)) {
+              zeros |= (U<CTP>(1) << res_bit_idx);
+              res_bit_idx--;
+            } else {
+              leading_zeros = false;
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      return TypeIntMirror<S<CTP>, U<CTP>>::make(TypeIntPrototype<S<CTP>, U<CTP>>{{lo, hi}, {ulo, uhi}, {zeros, ones}});
+    });
+  }
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_OPTO_RANGEINFERENCE_HPP
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/opto/test_rangeinference.cpp b/test/hotspot/gtest/opto/test_rangeinference.cpp
index 641edaba4da..6f1dedf6923 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/gtest/opto/test_rangeinference.cpp
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/opto/test_rangeinference.cpp
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "opto/intrinsicnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/rangeinference.hpp"
 #include "opto/type.hpp"
 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
@@ -225,12 +226,6 @@ const TypeIntMirror<S, U>* TypeIntMirror<S, U>::operator->() const {
   return this;
 }
 
-template <class S, class U>
-bool TypeIntMirror<S, U>::contains(U u) const {
-  S s = S(u);
-  return s >= _lo && s <= _hi && u >= _ulo && u <= _uhi && _bits.is_satisfied_by(u);
-}
-
 template <class S, class U>
 bool TypeIntMirror<S, U>::contains(const TypeIntMirror& o) const {
   return TypeIntHelper::int_type_is_subset(*this, o);
@@ -745,9 +740,31 @@ class InferXor {
   }
 };
 
+template <class U>
+class OpCompressBits {
+public:
+  U operator()(U v1, U v2) const {
+    constexpr int W = HotSpotNumerics::type_width<U>();
+    if constexpr (W == 64) {
+      return CompressBitsNode::compress_bits(v1, v2, W);
+    } else {
+      return U(uint(CompressBitsNode::compress_bits(uint(v1), uint(v2), W)));
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+template <class CTP>
+class InferCompressBits {
+public:
+  CTP operator()(CTP t1, CTP t2) const {
+    return RangeInference::infer_compress_bits(t1, t2);
+  }
+};
+
 TEST(opto, range_inference) {
   test_binary<OpAnd, InferAnd>();
   test_binary<OpOr, InferOr>();
   test_binary<OpXor, InferXor>();
+  test_binary<OpCompressBits, InferCompressBits>();
   test_lshift();
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ccp/TestCompressBitsMonotonicity.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ccp/TestCompressBitsMonotonicity.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..732ba6f3502
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ccp/TestCompressBitsMonotonicity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package compiler.ccp;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8379555
+ * @summary Test that CompressBitsNode::Value does not violate monotonicity
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::test* ${test.main.class}
+ */
+public class TestCompressBitsMonotonicity {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testInt(0);
+            testLong(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static int testInt(int v) {
+        v &= 0b1101;
+        int mask = 0b1111;
+        int sum = 0;
+        for (int i = 1; i < 10; i *= 2) {
+            mask = Integer.compress(v, mask);
+            sum += mask;
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    private static long testLong(long v) {
+        v &= 0b1101;
+        long mask = 0b1111;
+        long sum = 0;
+        for (int i = 1; i < 10; i *= 2) {
+            mask = Long.compress(v, mask);
+            sum += mask;
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+}

From 508dcd6fb80078650c6c72210778e57a84fd5cb9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Rui Li <ruili@openjdk.org>
Date: Sun, 21 Jun 2026 03:25:12 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 020/707] 8386986: Problemlist
 gc/stress/jfr/TestStressAllocationGCEventsWithShenandoah.java

Reviewed-by: kdnilsen, wkemper
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt | 4 ++++
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
index 41a93a8b10b..9bc858d1cea 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
@@ -86,6 +86,10 @@ gc/TestAllocHumongousFragment.java#aggressive 8298781 generic-all
 gc/TestAllocHumongousFragment.java#g1 8298781 generic-all
 gc/TestAllocHumongousFragment.java#static 8298781 generic-all
 gc/shenandoah/oom/TestAllocOutOfMemory.java#large 8344312 linux-ppc64le
+gc/stress/jfr/TestStressAllocationGCEventsWithShenandoah.java#generational 8386964 generic-all
+gc/stress/jfr/TestStressAllocationGCEventsWithShenandoah.java#default 8386964 generic-all
+gc/stress/jfr/TestStressBigAllocationGCEventsWithShenandoah.java#generational 8386964 generic-all
+gc/stress/jfr/TestStressBigAllocationGCEventsWithShenandoah.java#default 8386964 generic-all
 
 #############################################################################
 

From 2e179fec7b5113a3b526ee4ad5c66d6b7f0179e2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gui Cao <gcao@openjdk.org>
Date: Sun, 21 Jun 2026 06:57:42 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 021/707] 8386945: RISC-V: Auto-enable Zvbb extension features

Reviewed-by: fyang, dzhang
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp          | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp | 6 +++---
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp
index f05b9ff7791..dc3915aa398 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ define_pd_global(intx, InlineSmallCode,          1000);
   product(bool, UseZihintpause, false, EXPERIMENTAL,                             \
           "Use Zihintpause instructions")                                        \
   product(bool, UseZtso, false, EXPERIMENTAL, "Assume Ztso memory model")        \
-  product(bool, UseZvbb, false, EXPERIMENTAL, "Use Zvbb instructions")           \
+  product(bool, UseZvbb, false, DIAGNOSTIC, "Use Zvbb instructions")             \
   product(bool, UseZvbc, false, EXPERIMENTAL, "Use Zvbc instructions")           \
   product(bool, UseZvfh, false, DIAGNOSTIC, "Use Zvfh instructions")             \
   product(bool, UseZvkg, false, DIAGNOSTIC, "Use Zvkg instructions")             \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp
index a3bd1bfa870..f48df178ce6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp
@@ -239,13 +239,13 @@ void RiscvHwprobe::add_features_from_query_result() {
   if (is_set(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_0, RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZTSO)) {
     VM_Version::ext_Ztso.enable_feature();
   }
-  if (is_set(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_0, RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVBB)) {
-    VM_Version::ext_Zvbb.enable_feature();
-  }
   if (is_set(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_0, RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVBC)) {
     VM_Version::ext_Zvbc.enable_feature();
   }
 #endif
+  if (is_set(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_0, RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVBB)) {
+    VM_Version::ext_Zvbb.enable_feature();
+  }
   if (is_set(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_0, RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVFH)) {
     VM_Version::ext_Zvfh.enable_feature();
   }

From 0de4ef76d8c5da9f8e323cd6ef3aacbd6dfd9ae1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Manuel=20H=C3=A4ssig?= <mhaessig@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 2026 07:58:53 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 022/707] 8384251: Test
 java/lang/instrument/GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest.java crashed: fatal error:
 Not compilable at tier 1: CodeBuffer overflow

Reviewed-by: rcastanedalo, syan
---
 .../lang/instrument/GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest.java     | 9 +++++++++
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+)

diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest.java
index cdaa94e8289..e1b026c56ef 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest.java
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
  * @bug 8253525
  * @summary Test for fInst.getObjectSize with 32-bit compressed oops
  * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires !vm.opt.VerifyOops
  *
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run build GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest
@@ -54,6 +55,7 @@
  * @summary Test for fInst.getObjectSize with zero-based compressed oops
  * @library /test/lib
  * @requires vm.bits == 64
+ * @requires !vm.opt.VerifyOops
  *
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run build GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest
@@ -82,6 +84,7 @@
  * @summary Test for fInst.getObjectSize without compressed oops
  * @library /test/lib
  * @requires vm.bits == 64
+ * @requires !vm.opt.VerifyOops
  *
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run build GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest
@@ -110,6 +113,7 @@
  * @summary Test for fInst.getObjectSize with 32-bit compressed oops
  * @library /test/lib
  * @requires vm.debug
+ * @requires !vm.opt.VerifyOops
  *
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run build GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest
@@ -142,6 +146,7 @@
  * @library /test/lib
  * @requires vm.bits == 64
  * @requires vm.debug
+ * @requires !vm.opt.VerifyOops
  *
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run build GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest
@@ -174,6 +179,7 @@
  * @library /test/lib
  * @requires vm.bits == 64
  * @requires vm.debug
+ * @requires !vm.opt.VerifyOops
  *
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run build GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest
@@ -206,6 +212,7 @@
  * @library /test/lib
  * @requires vm.bits == 64
  * @requires vm.debug
+ * @requires !vm.opt.VerifyOops
  *
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run build GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest
@@ -238,6 +245,7 @@
  * @library /test/lib
  * @requires vm.bits == 64
  * @requires vm.debug
+ * @requires !vm.opt.VerifyOops
  *
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run build GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest
@@ -271,6 +279,7 @@
  * @requires vm.bits == 64
  * @requires vm.debug
  * @requires os.maxMemory >= 10G
+ * @requires !vm.opt.VerifyOops
  *
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run build GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest

From 1fa4eb1b6afba09f15bb4fb0d02ff88db8e45aff Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Joel=20Sikstr=C3=B6m?= <jsikstro@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 2026 08:04:49 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 023/707] 8387003: Stale doc comment in TrustFinalFields.java
 after JDK-8376777

Reviewed-by: shade, alanb
---
 .../classes/jdk/internal/vm/annotation/TrustFinalFields.java    | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/vm/annotation/TrustFinalFields.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/vm/annotation/TrustFinalFields.java
index a94f58159a2..735e3447b37 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/vm/annotation/TrustFinalFields.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/vm/annotation/TrustFinalFields.java
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 ///
 /// The compiler already treats static final fields and instance final fields in
 /// record classes and hidden classes as constant.  All classes in select
-/// packages (Defined in `trust_final_non_static_fields` in `ciField.cpp`) in
+/// packages (Defined in `trust_final_nonstatic_fields` in `ciField.cpp`) in
 /// the boot class loader also have their instance final fields trusted.  This
 /// annotation is not necessary in these cases.
 ///

From b16d8fa414e44367a208fbb28015a3adc50cc5a8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Sorna Sarathi N <ssarathi@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 2026 08:17:10 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 024/707] 8376803: Jtreg test
 compiler/vectorization/TestVectorAlgorithms.java fails after JDK-8373026

Reviewed-by: amitkumar, epeter
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt            |  4 ---
 .../vectorization/VectorAlgorithmsImpl.java   | 31 +++++++++++++------
 .../vm/compiler/VectorAlgorithmsImpl.java     | 31 +++++++++++++------
 3 files changed, 44 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
index 9bc858d1cea..8d9de094323 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
@@ -58,10 +58,6 @@ compiler/codecache/jmx/PoolsIndependenceTest.java 8264632 macosx-all
 
 compiler/vectorapi/VectorRebracket128Test.java 8330538 generic-all
 
-compiler/vectorization/TestVectorAlgorithms.java#noSuperWord 8376803 aix-ppc64,linux-s390x
-compiler/vectorization/TestVectorAlgorithms.java#vanilla 8376803 aix-ppc64,linux-s390x
-compiler/vectorization/TestVectorAlgorithms.java#noOptimizeFill 8376803 aix-ppc64,linux-s390x
-
 compiler/floatingpoint/TestSubnormalFloat.java 8317810 generic-i586
 compiler/floatingpoint/TestSubnormalDouble.java 8317810 generic-i586
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/VectorAlgorithmsImpl.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/VectorAlgorithmsImpl.java
index c06473d26c5..404412e5fc7 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/VectorAlgorithmsImpl.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/VectorAlgorithmsImpl.java
@@ -541,21 +541,34 @@ public static int compute(byte[] a) {
             int next = REVERSE_POWERS_OF_31_STEP_4[0]; // 31^L
             var vcoef = IntVector.fromArray(SPECIES_I, REVERSE_POWERS_OF_31_STEP_4, 1); // W
             var vresult = IntVector.zero(SPECIES_I);
+            final boolean isLE = java.nio.ByteOrder.nativeOrder() == java.nio.ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN;
             int i;
             for (i = 0; i < SPECIES_B.loopBound(a.length); i += SPECIES_B.length()) {
                 var vb = ByteVector.fromArray(SPECIES_B, a, i);
                 // Add 128 to each byte.
                 var vs = vb.lanewise(VectorOperators.XOR, (byte)0x80)
                            .reinterpretAsShorts();
-                // Each short lane contains 2 bytes, crunch them.
-                var vi = vs.and((short)0xff) // lower byte
-                           .mul((short)31)
-                           .add(vs.lanewise(VectorOperators.LSHR, 8)) // upper byte
-                           .reinterpretAsInts();
-                // Each int contains 2 shorts, crunch them.
-                var v  = vi.and(0xffff) // lower short
-                           .mul(31 * 31)
-                           .add(vi.lanewise(VectorOperators.LSHR, 16)); // upper short
+                // Each short lane contains 2 bytes.
+                // Extract them in logical byte order (b0, b1), independent of platform endianness.
+                ShortVector firstByte = isLE ? vs.and((short)0xff)                    // b0
+                                             : vs.lanewise(VectorOperators.LSHR, 8);  // b0 on BE
+                ShortVector secondByte = isLE ? vs.lanewise(VectorOperators.LSHR, 8)  // b1
+                                             : vs.and((short)0xff);                   // b1 on BE
+                // Combine each byte pair into a pairwise hash value.
+                var vi = firstByte.mul((short)31)
+                                  .add(secondByte)
+                                  .reinterpretAsInts();
+                // Each int lane contains two pairwise hash chunks:
+                // p0 = b0 * 31 + b1
+                // p1 = b2 * 31 + b3
+                // Extract them in logical order, independent of platform endianness.
+                IntVector firstPair = isLE ? vi.and(0xffff)                           // p0
+                                           : vi.lanewise(VectorOperators.LSHR, 16);   // p0 on BE
+                IntVector secondPair = isLE ? vi.lanewise(VectorOperators.LSHR, 16)   // p1
+                                           : vi.and(0xffff);                          // p1 on BE
+                // Crunch the pairwise results into one value.
+                var v = firstPair.mul(31 * 31)
+                                 .add(secondPair);
                 // Add the correction for the 128 additions above.
                 v = v.add(-128 * (31*31*31 + 31*31 + 31 + 1));
                 // Every element of v now contains a crunched int-package of 4 bytes.
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/vm/compiler/VectorAlgorithmsImpl.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/vm/compiler/VectorAlgorithmsImpl.java
index a60ecc0f41a..fabd4360abb 100644
--- a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/vm/compiler/VectorAlgorithmsImpl.java
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/vm/compiler/VectorAlgorithmsImpl.java
@@ -541,21 +541,34 @@ public static int compute(byte[] a) {
             int next = REVERSE_POWERS_OF_31_STEP_4[0]; // 31^L
             var vcoef = IntVector.fromArray(SPECIES_I, REVERSE_POWERS_OF_31_STEP_4, 1); // W
             var vresult = IntVector.zero(SPECIES_I);
+            final boolean isLE = java.nio.ByteOrder.nativeOrder() == java.nio.ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN;
             int i;
             for (i = 0; i < SPECIES_B.loopBound(a.length); i += SPECIES_B.length()) {
                 var vb = ByteVector.fromArray(SPECIES_B, a, i);
                 // Add 128 to each byte.
                 var vs = vb.lanewise(VectorOperators.XOR, (byte)0x80)
                            .reinterpretAsShorts();
-                // Each short lane contains 2 bytes, crunch them.
-                var vi = vs.and((short)0xff) // lower byte
-                           .mul((short)31)
-                           .add(vs.lanewise(VectorOperators.LSHR, 8)) // upper byte
-                           .reinterpretAsInts();
-                // Each int contains 2 shorts, crunch them.
-                var v  = vi.and(0xffff) // lower short
-                           .mul(31 * 31)
-                           .add(vi.lanewise(VectorOperators.LSHR, 16)); // upper short
+                // Each short lane contains 2 bytes.
+                // Extract them in logical byte order (b0, b1), independent of platform endianness.
+                ShortVector firstByte = isLE ? vs.and((short)0xff)                          // b0
+                                             : vs.lanewise(VectorOperators.LSHR, 8);        // b0 on BE
+                ShortVector secondByte = isLE ? vs.lanewise(VectorOperators.LSHR, 8)        // b1
+                                              : vs.and((short)0xff);                        // b1 on BE
+                // Combine each byte pair into a pairwise hash value.
+                var vi = firstByte.mul((short)31)
+                                  .add(secondByte)
+                                  .reinterpretAsInts();
+                // Each int lane contains two pairswise hash chunks:
+                // p0 = b0 * 31 + b1
+                // p1 = b2 * 31 + b3
+                // Extract them in logical order, independent of platform endianness.
+                IntVector pair0 = isLE ? vi.and(0xffff)                                    // p0
+                                       : vi.lanewise(VectorOperators.LSHR, 16);            // p0 on BE
+                IntVector pair1 = isLE ? vi.lanewise(VectorOperators.LSHR, 16)             // p1
+                                       : vi.and(0xffff);                                   // p1 on BE
+                // Crunch the pairwise results into one value.
+                var v = pair0.mul(31 * 31)
+                             .add(pair1);
                 // Add the correction for the 128 additions above.
                 v = v.add(-128 * (31*31*31 + 31*31 + 31 + 1));
                 // Every element of v now contains a crunched int-package of 4 bytes.

From 3a3206b8f272dcd52bba05d4ad2079c223826c23 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ozan Cetin <ozanctn@amazon.com>
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 2026 09:25:41 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 025/707] 8379983: G1: Fix up friend class declarations

Reviewed-by: stefank, tschatzl
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CardSet.hpp         |  6 ++---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp   | 27 +++++++------------
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp  |  2 +-
 .../share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionManager.hpp       |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionType.hpp  |  2 +-
 .../share/gc/g1/g1MonitoringSupport.hpp       |  6 ++---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ServiceThread.hpp   |  2 +-
 7 files changed, 19 insertions(+), 28 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CardSet.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CardSet.hpp
index 64ddf0ca6a4..21a2f5f045e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CardSet.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CardSet.hpp
@@ -185,13 +185,11 @@ class G1CardSetCoarsenStats {
 // it.
 // See its description below for more information.
 class G1CardSet : public CHeapObj<mtGCCardSet> {
-  friend class G1CardSetTest;
   friend class G1CardSetMtTestTask;
+  friend class G1CardSetTest;
   friend class G1CheckCardClosure;
-
-  friend class G1TransferCard;
-
   friend class G1ReleaseCardsets;
+  friend class G1TransferCard;
 
   // When splitting addresses into region and card within that region, the logical
   // shift value to get the region.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
index a68d1030636..a60596e67ae 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
@@ -146,27 +146,20 @@ class G1JavaThreadsListClaimer : public StackObj {
 };
 
 class G1CollectedHeap : public CollectedHeap {
-  friend class VM_G1CollectForAllocation;
-  friend class VM_G1CollectFull;
-  friend class VM_G1TryInitiateConcMark;
-  friend class VMStructs;
-  friend class MutatorAllocRegion;
+  friend class G1CheckRegionAttrTableClosure;
+  friend class G1EvacuateRegionsTask;
   friend class G1FullCollector;
   friend class G1GCAllocRegion;
-  friend class G1HeapVerifier;
-
-  friend class G1YoungGCVerifierMark;
-
-  // Closures used in implementation.
-  friend class G1EvacuateRegionsTask;
-  friend class G1PLABAllocator;
-
-  // Other related classes.
   friend class G1HeapPrinterMark;
   friend class G1HeapRegionClaimer;
-
-  // Testing classes.
-  friend class G1CheckRegionAttrTableClosure;
+  friend class G1HeapVerifier;
+  friend class G1PLABAllocator;
+  friend class G1YoungGCVerifierMark;
+  friend class MutatorAllocRegion;
+  friend class VM_G1CollectForAllocation;
+  friend class VM_G1CollectFull;
+  friend class VM_G1TryInitiateConcMark;
+  friend class VMStructs;
 
 private:
   // GC Overhead Limit functionality related members.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp
index 1ab4654a490..2040916b8e7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp
@@ -323,6 +323,7 @@ class G1CMRootMemRegions {
 // This class manages data structures and methods for doing liveness analysis in
 // G1's concurrent cycle.
 class G1ConcurrentMark : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
+  friend class G1ClearBitMapTask;
   friend class G1CMBitMapClosure;
   friend class G1CMConcurrentMarkingTask;
   friend class G1CMDrainMarkingStackClosure;
@@ -331,7 +332,6 @@ class G1ConcurrentMark : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   friend class G1CMRemarkTask;
   friend class G1CMRootRegionScanTask;
   friend class G1CMTask;
-  friend class G1ClearBitMapTask;
   friend class G1CollectorState;
   friend class G1ConcurrentMarkThread;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionManager.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionManager.hpp
index eb593ff408e..e24610c55d8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionManager.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionManager.hpp
@@ -71,8 +71,8 @@ class G1HeapRegionTable : public G1BiasedMappedArray<G1HeapRegion*> {
 //
 
 class G1HeapRegionManager: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
-  friend class VMStructs;
   friend class G1HeapRegionClaimer;
+  friend class VMStructs;
 
   G1RegionToSpaceMapper* _bot_mapper;
   G1RegionToSpaceMapper* _card_table_mapper;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionType.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionType.hpp
index 839df68febd..92d3efc2f87 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionType.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionType.hpp
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
   assert(is_valid((tag)), "invalid HR type: %u", (uint) (tag))
 
 class G1HeapRegionType {
-friend class VMStructs;
+  friend class VMStructs;
 
 private:
   // We encode the value of the heap region type so the generation can be
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1MonitoringSupport.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1MonitoringSupport.hpp
index 0293e8a6e23..8a7040e626d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1MonitoringSupport.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1MonitoringSupport.hpp
@@ -122,10 +122,10 @@ class MemoryPool;
 // path as low-overhead as possible.
 
 class G1MonitoringSupport : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
-  friend class VMStructs;
-  friend class G1YoungGCMonitoringScope;
-  friend class G1FullGCMonitoringScope;
   friend class G1ConcGCMonitoringScope;
+  friend class G1FullGCMonitoringScope;
+  friend class G1YoungGCMonitoringScope;
+  friend class VMStructs;
 
   G1CollectedHeap* _g1h;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ServiceThread.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ServiceThread.hpp
index ff58a5f26f2..f6d8c9bf138 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ServiceThread.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ServiceThread.hpp
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ class G1ServiceTaskQueue;
 class G1ServiceThread;
 
 class G1ServiceTask : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
-  friend class G1ServiceTaskQueue;
   friend class G1ServiceThread;
+  friend class G1ServiceTaskQueue;
 
   // The next absolute time this task should be executed.
   jlong _time;

From b1fd4eb0387d6458b717711f1c33dcb9392884e7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David Briemann <dbriemann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 2026 10:35:32 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 026/707] 8386879: PPC64: or_unchecked in OrI instructs can
 emit unintended SMT priority hints

Reviewed-by: mdoerr
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad | 8 ++++----
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
index 4984e527ccb..9bec99e90cc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
@@ -9294,7 +9294,7 @@ instruct orI_reg_reg(iRegIdst dst, iRegIsrc src1, iRegIsrc src2) %{
   format %{ "OR      $dst, $src1, $src2" %}
   size(4);
   ins_encode %{
-    __ or_unchecked($dst$$Register, $src1$$Register, $src2$$Register);
+    __ orr($dst$$Register, $src1$$Register, $src2$$Register);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
@@ -9306,7 +9306,7 @@ instruct orI_reg_reg_2(iRegIdst dst, iRegIsrc src1, iRegIsrc src2) %{
   format %{ "OR      $dst, $src1, $src2" %}
   size(4);
   ins_encode %{
-    __ or_unchecked($dst$$Register, $src1$$Register, $src2$$Register);
+    __ orr($dst$$Register, $src1$$Register, $src2$$Register);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
@@ -9344,7 +9344,7 @@ instruct orL_reg_reg(iRegLdst dst, iRegLsrc src1, iRegLsrc src2) %{
   size(4);
   format %{ "OR      $dst, $src1, $src2 \t// long" %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ or_unchecked($dst$$Register, $src1$$Register, $src2$$Register);
+    __ orr($dst$$Register, $src1$$Register, $src2$$Register);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
@@ -9357,7 +9357,7 @@ instruct orI_regL_regL(iRegIdst dst, iRegLsrc src1, iRegLsrc src2) %{
   format %{ "OR      $dst, $src1, $src2 \t// long + l2i" %}
   size(4);
   ins_encode %{
-    __ or_unchecked($dst$$Register, $src1$$Register, $src2$$Register);
+    __ orr($dst$$Register, $src1$$Register, $src2$$Register);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}

From 0e4479b9cbe8127cf28200f224ce8c03677e569c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Stein <cstein@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 2026 11:46:03 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 027/707] 8387013: Update GitHub Actions

Reviewed-by: shade, erikj
---
 .github/actions/build-jtreg/action.yml    | 6 +++---
 .github/actions/do-build/action.yml       | 4 ++--
 .github/actions/get-bootjdk/action.yml    | 2 +-
 .github/actions/get-bundles/action.yml    | 6 +++---
 .github/actions/get-gtest/action.yml      | 2 +-
 .github/actions/get-jtreg/action.yml      | 2 +-
 .github/actions/get-msys2/action.yml      | 4 ++--
 .github/actions/upload-bundles/action.yml | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/build-alpine-linux.yml  | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/build-cross-compile.yml | 4 ++--
 .github/workflows/build-linux.yml         | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/build-macos.yml         | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/build-windows.yml       | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/main.yml                | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/test.yml                | 6 +++---
 15 files changed, 24 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/actions/build-jtreg/action.yml b/.github/actions/build-jtreg/action.yml
index 334812e8341..e94fdc9fbd4 100644
--- a/.github/actions/build-jtreg/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/build-jtreg/action.yml
@@ -37,13 +37,13 @@ runs:
 
     - name: 'Check cache for already built JTReg'
       id: get-cached
-      uses: actions/cache@v5
+      uses: actions/cache@27d5ce7f107fe9357f9df03efb73ab90386fccae # v5.0.5
       with:
         path: jtreg/installed
         key: jtreg-${{ steps.version.outputs.value }}
 
     - name: 'Checkout the JTReg source'
-      uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
       with:
         repository: openjdk/jtreg
         ref: jtreg-${{ steps.version.outputs.value }}
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ runs:
       if: (steps.get-cached.outputs.cache-hit != 'true')
 
     - name: 'Upload JTReg artifact'
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
       with:
         name: bundles-jtreg-${{ steps.version.outputs.value }}
         path: jtreg/installed
diff --git a/.github/actions/do-build/action.yml b/.github/actions/do-build/action.yml
index 6f6bbdabb68..5d015079f54 100644
--- a/.github/actions/do-build/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/do-build/action.yml
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ runs:
       shell: bash
 
     - name: 'Upload build logs'
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
       with:
         name: failure-logs-${{ inputs.platform }}${{ inputs.debug-suffix }}
         path: failure-logs
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ runs:
 
       # This is the best way I found to abort the job with an error message
     - name: 'Notify about build failures'
-      uses: actions/github-script@v8
+      uses: actions/github-script@3a2844b7e9c422d3c10d287c895573f7108da1b3 # v9.0.0
       with:
         script: core.setFailed('Build failed. See summary for details.')
       if: steps.check.outputs.failure == 'true'
diff --git a/.github/actions/get-bootjdk/action.yml b/.github/actions/get-bootjdk/action.yml
index d531358b7dd..eca7e1b29d8 100644
--- a/.github/actions/get-bootjdk/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/get-bootjdk/action.yml
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ runs:
 
     - name: 'Check cache for BootJDK'
       id: get-cached-bootjdk
-      uses: actions/cache@v5
+      uses: actions/cache@27d5ce7f107fe9357f9df03efb73ab90386fccae # v5.0.5
       with:
         path: bootjdk/jdk
         key: boot-jdk-${{ inputs.platform }}-${{ steps.sha256.outputs.value }}
diff --git a/.github/actions/get-bundles/action.yml b/.github/actions/get-bundles/action.yml
index 55fa0e842d2..3884d169d9c 100644
--- a/.github/actions/get-bundles/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/get-bundles/action.yml
@@ -54,14 +54,14 @@ runs:
   steps:
     - name: 'Download bundles artifact'
       id: download-bundles
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@v8
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c # v8.0.1
       with:
         name: bundles-${{ inputs.platform }}${{ inputs.debug-suffix }}
         path: bundles
       continue-on-error: true
 
     - name: 'Download bundles artifact (retry)'
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@v8
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c # v8.0.1
       with:
         name: bundles-${{ inputs.platform }}${{ inputs.debug-suffix }}
         path: bundles
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ runs:
 
     - name: 'Download static bundles artifact'
       id: download-static-bundles
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@v8
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c # v8.0.1
       with:
         name: bundles-${{ inputs.platform }}${{ inputs.debug-suffix }}${{ inputs.static-suffix }}
         path: bundles
diff --git a/.github/actions/get-gtest/action.yml b/.github/actions/get-gtest/action.yml
index bc53fa2a3b1..da10e7660a1 100644
--- a/.github/actions/get-gtest/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/get-gtest/action.yml
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ runs:
         var: GTEST_VERSION
 
     - name: 'Checkout GTest source'
-      uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
       with:
         repository: google/googletest
         ref: 'v${{ steps.version.outputs.value }}'
diff --git a/.github/actions/get-jtreg/action.yml b/.github/actions/get-jtreg/action.yml
index 8c75ae10c7f..35d1f93bd3c 100644
--- a/.github/actions/get-jtreg/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/get-jtreg/action.yml
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ runs:
 
     - name: 'Download JTReg artifact'
       id: download-jtreg
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@v8
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c # v8.0.1
       with:
         name: bundles-jtreg-${{ steps.version.outputs.value }}
         path: jtreg/installed
diff --git a/.github/actions/get-msys2/action.yml b/.github/actions/get-msys2/action.yml
index 4082aad0c1a..79103b2fe46 100644
--- a/.github/actions/get-msys2/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/get-msys2/action.yml
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ runs:
   steps:
     - name: 'Install MSYS2 on x86.x64'
       id: msys2-x64
-      uses: msys2/setup-msys2@v2.31.0
+      uses: msys2/setup-msys2@66cd2cce69caa17b53920067426061ca1de3a884 # v2.32.0
       with:
         install: 'autoconf tar unzip zip make'
         path-type: minimal
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ runs:
 
     - name: 'Install MSYS2 on ARM64'
       id: msys2-arm64
-      uses: msys2/setup-msys2@v2.31.0
+      uses: msys2/setup-msys2@66cd2cce69caa17b53920067426061ca1de3a884 # v2.32.0
       with:
         install: 'autoconf tar unzip zip make'
         path-type: minimal
diff --git a/.github/actions/upload-bundles/action.yml b/.github/actions/upload-bundles/action.yml
index 94308002ea7..dc6acdbec3e 100644
--- a/.github/actions/upload-bundles/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/upload-bundles/action.yml
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ runs:
       shell: bash
 
     - name: 'Upload bundles artifact'
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
       with:
         name: bundles-${{ inputs.platform }}${{ inputs.debug-suffix }}${{ inputs.static-suffix }}${{ inputs.bundle-suffix }}
         path: bundles
diff --git a/.github/workflows/build-alpine-linux.yml b/.github/workflows/build-alpine-linux.yml
index 6863da9016e..545993b5387 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build-alpine-linux.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build-alpine-linux.yml
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: 'Checkout the JDK source'
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
 
       - name: 'Install toolchain and dependencies'
         run: |
diff --git a/.github/workflows/build-cross-compile.yml b/.github/workflows/build-cross-compile.yml
index c80f676864e..84025981f3a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build-cross-compile.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build-cross-compile.yml
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: 'Checkout the JDK source'
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
 
       - name: 'Get the BootJDK'
         id: bootjdk
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: 'Check cache for sysroot'
         id: get-cached-sysroot
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+        uses: actions/cache@27d5ce7f107fe9357f9df03efb73ab90386fccae # v5.0.5
         with:
           path: sysroot
           key: sysroot-${{ matrix.debian-arch }}-${{ hashFiles('./.github/workflows/build-cross-compile.yml') }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/build-linux.yml b/.github/workflows/build-linux.yml
index a77ebece7e2..9c65492e838 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build-linux.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build-linux.yml
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: 'Checkout the JDK source'
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
 
       - name: 'Get the BootJDK'
         id: bootjdk
diff --git a/.github/workflows/build-macos.yml b/.github/workflows/build-macos.yml
index 435576f4afd..6c13f32d10e 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build-macos.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build-macos.yml
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: 'Checkout the JDK source'
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
 
       - name: 'Get the BootJDK'
         id: bootjdk
diff --git a/.github/workflows/build-windows.yml b/.github/workflows/build-windows.yml
index 002cbe7cd56..e95f36a388a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build-windows.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build-windows.yml
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: 'Checkout the JDK source'
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
 
       - name: 'Get MSYS2'
         uses: ./.github/actions/get-msys2
diff --git a/.github/workflows/main.yml b/.github/workflows/main.yml
index bcb9ea6e0b8..57f81f7fd51 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/main.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/main.yml
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: 'Checkout the scripts'
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
         with:
           sparse-checkout: |
             .github
diff --git a/.github/workflows/test.yml b/.github/workflows/test.yml
index 6270e44d746..054bd00beb9 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test.yml
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: 'Checkout the JDK source'
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
 
       - name: 'Get MSYS2'
         uses: ./.github/actions/get-msys2
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ jobs:
         if: always()
 
       - name: 'Upload test results'
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
         with:
           path: results
           name: ${{ steps.package.outputs.artifact-name }}
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ jobs:
 
         # This is the best way I found to abort the job with an error message
       - name: 'Notify about test failures'
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@3a2844b7e9c422d3c10d287c895573f7108da1b3 # v9.0.0
         with:
           script: core.setFailed('${{ steps.run-tests.outputs.error-message }}')
         if: steps.run-tests.outputs.failure == 'true'

From a0c0ab80d3b0206494b3495b4e1b483a7b61636d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yasumasa Suenaga <ysuenaga@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 2026 12:41:43 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 028/707] 8386944: Warning message was not printed on PAC
 enabled AArch64 Linux

Reviewed-by: cjplummer, kevinw
---
 src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/ps_core.c | 2 +-
 src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/ps_proc.c | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/ps_core.c b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/ps_core.c
index c500360f39d..e15e73d0fd4 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/ps_core.c
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/ps_core.c
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ static bool core_handle_note(struct ps_prochandle* ph, ELF_PHDR* note_phdr) {
             ph->core->vdso_addr = auxv->a_un.a_val;
 #ifdef __aarch64__
           } else if (auxv->a_type == AT_HWCAP) {
-            ph->pac_enabled = auxv->a_un.a_val & HWCAP_PACA;
+            ph->pac_enabled = (auxv->a_un.a_val & HWCAP_PACA) == HWCAP_PACA;
 #endif
           }
           auxv++;
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/ps_proc.c b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/ps_proc.c
index 9cbde7319f0..4ab1302c9d2 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/ps_proc.c
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/ps_proc.c
@@ -472,7 +472,7 @@ Pgrab(pid_t pid, char* err_buf, size_t err_buf_len) {
   }
 
 #ifdef __aarch64__
-  ph->pac_enabled = HWCAP_PACA & getauxval(AT_HWCAP);
+  ph->pac_enabled = (HWCAP_PACA & getauxval(AT_HWCAP)) == HWCAP_PACA;
 #endif
 
   // initialize ps_prochandle

From 9939fc67eb8d86220d98262d8360973cdbe4b75b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Manuel=20H=C3=A4ssig?= <mhaessig@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 2026 13:53:15 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 029/707] 8387017:
 java/lang/instrument/GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest.java fails with Error
 evaluating expression: invalid boolean value: `null' for expression
 `vm.opt.VerifyOops'
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Co-authored-by: Joel Sikström <jsikstro@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: jpai, jsikstro, epeter
---
 .../GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest.java           | 18 +++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest.java
index e1b026c56ef..6cb71022c0c 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest.java
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
  * @bug 8253525
  * @summary Test for fInst.getObjectSize with 32-bit compressed oops
  * @library /test/lib
- * @requires !vm.opt.VerifyOops
+ * @requires (vm.opt.VerifyOops == "null" | !vm.opt.VerifyOops)
  *
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run build GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
  * @summary Test for fInst.getObjectSize with zero-based compressed oops
  * @library /test/lib
  * @requires vm.bits == 64
- * @requires !vm.opt.VerifyOops
+ * @requires (vm.opt.VerifyOops == "null" | !vm.opt.VerifyOops)
  *
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run build GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
  * @summary Test for fInst.getObjectSize without compressed oops
  * @library /test/lib
  * @requires vm.bits == 64
- * @requires !vm.opt.VerifyOops
+ * @requires (vm.opt.VerifyOops == "null" | !vm.opt.VerifyOops)
  *
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run build GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@
  * @summary Test for fInst.getObjectSize with 32-bit compressed oops
  * @library /test/lib
  * @requires vm.debug
- * @requires !vm.opt.VerifyOops
+ * @requires (vm.opt.VerifyOops == "null" | !vm.opt.VerifyOops)
  *
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run build GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@
  * @library /test/lib
  * @requires vm.bits == 64
  * @requires vm.debug
- * @requires !vm.opt.VerifyOops
+ * @requires (vm.opt.VerifyOops == "null" | !vm.opt.VerifyOops)
  *
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run build GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@
  * @library /test/lib
  * @requires vm.bits == 64
  * @requires vm.debug
- * @requires !vm.opt.VerifyOops
+ * @requires (vm.opt.VerifyOops == "null" | !vm.opt.VerifyOops)
  *
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run build GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@
  * @library /test/lib
  * @requires vm.bits == 64
  * @requires vm.debug
- * @requires !vm.opt.VerifyOops
+ * @requires (vm.opt.VerifyOops == "null" | !vm.opt.VerifyOops)
  *
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run build GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@
  * @library /test/lib
  * @requires vm.bits == 64
  * @requires vm.debug
- * @requires !vm.opt.VerifyOops
+ * @requires (vm.opt.VerifyOops == "null" | !vm.opt.VerifyOops)
  *
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run build GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@
  * @requires vm.bits == 64
  * @requires vm.debug
  * @requires os.maxMemory >= 10G
- * @requires !vm.opt.VerifyOops
+ * @requires (vm.opt.VerifyOops == "null" | !vm.opt.VerifyOops)
  *
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run build GetObjectSizeIntrinsicsTest

From f2b5c6f5fe97fce5442d87bf2b0c1e6818c6c11b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Erik Gahlin <egahlin@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 2026 16:51:38 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 030/707] 8385574: JFR: Redaction should check file

Reviewed-by: mgronlun
---
 .../share/jfr/periodic/jfrRedactedEvents.cpp  | 21 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../share/jfr/periodic/jfrRedactedEvents.hpp  |  1 +
 2 files changed, 22 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/jfrRedactedEvents.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/jfrRedactedEvents.cpp
index 5ace0d0fae4..331c28cffa2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/jfrRedactedEvents.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/jfrRedactedEvents.cpp
@@ -609,6 +609,9 @@ bool JfrRedactedEvents::match_key(StringArray* filters, const char* text) {
 }
 
 bool JfrRedactedEvents::read_file(StringArray* target, const char* filename) {
+  if (!is_valid_redaction_file(filename)) {
+    return false;
+  }
   FILE* file = os::fopen(filename, "r");
   if (file == nullptr) {
     log_error(jfr, redact)("Failed to open redaction file: %s", filename);
@@ -661,3 +664,21 @@ StringArray* JfrRedactedEvents::split(const char* text, char separator) {
   }
   return result;
 }
+
+bool JfrRedactedEvents::is_valid_redaction_file(const char* filename) {
+  struct stat st;
+  int ret = os::stat(filename, &st);
+  if (ret != 0) {
+    log_error(jfr, redact)("Failed to access redaction file %s", filename);
+    return false;
+  }
+  if ((st.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFREG) {
+    log_error(jfr, redact)("Redaction file %s is not a regular file", filename);
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (st.st_size > 1024*1024) {
+    log_error(jfr, redact)("Redaction file %s is too large (1024 KB).", filename);
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/jfrRedactedEvents.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/jfrRedactedEvents.hpp
index 38c93310365..dc972190b6c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/jfrRedactedEvents.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/jfrRedactedEvents.hpp
@@ -205,6 +205,7 @@ class JfrRedactedEvents: public AllStatic {
   static bool equals_case_insensitive(char a, char b);
   static bool is_redacted_key(const char* key);
   static bool is_separator(char c);
+  static bool is_valid_redaction_file(const char* filename);
   static bool is_whitespace(char c);
   static void ensure_initialized();
   static StringArray* make_java_args_array();

From 12d7e6186622506cb19aad0e3d9e9256531e2851 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Justin Lu <jlu@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 2026 16:54:20 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 031/707] 8385927: JDK 27 RDP1 L10n resource files update

Reviewed-by: naoto
---
 .../launcher/resources/launcher_de.properties |  6 +--
 .../launcher/resources/launcher_ja.properties |  6 +--
 .../resources/launcher_zh_CN.properties       |  4 +-
 .../keytool/resources/keytool_de.properties   |  2 +-
 .../resources/keytool_zh_CN.properties        |  6 +--
 .../util/resources/auth_zh_CN.properties      |  8 +--
 .../util/resources/security_zh_CN.properties  | 10 ++--
 .../internal/res/XSLTErrorResources_de.java   |  4 +-
 .../internal/res/XMLErrorResources_de.java    |  2 +-
 .../javac/resources/compiler_de.properties    | 28 ++++++++--
 .../javac/resources/compiler_ja.properties    | 28 ++++++++--
 .../javac/resources/compiler_zh_CN.properties | 32 +++++++++--
 .../tools/javac/resources/javac_ja.properties |  4 +-
 .../javac/resources/javac_zh_CN.properties    |  2 +-
 .../resources/jarsigner_zh_CN.properties      | 14 ++---
 .../sun/tools/jar/resources/jar_de.properties |  2 +
 .../sun/tools/jar/resources/jar_ja.properties |  2 +
 .../tools/jar/resources/jar_zh_CN.properties  |  2 +
 .../html/resources/standard_de.properties     | 12 +++--
 .../html/resources/standard_ja.properties     | 12 +++--
 .../html/resources/standard_zh_CN.properties  | 12 +++--
 .../toolkit/resources/doclets_de.properties   | 11 ++--
 .../toolkit/resources/doclets_ja.properties   | 11 ++--
 .../resources/doclets_zh_CN.properties        | 11 ++--
 .../jimage/resources/jimage_de.properties     |  9 ++--
 .../jimage/resources/jimage_ja.properties     |  9 ++--
 .../jimage/resources/jimage_zh_CN.properties  |  9 ++--
 .../jlink/resources/plugins_ja.properties     |  2 +-
 .../resources/LinuxResources_de.properties    | 16 +++---
 .../resources/LinuxResources_ja.properties    | 16 +++---
 .../resources/LinuxResources_zh_CN.properties | 16 +++---
 .../resources/MacResources_de.properties      | 41 +++++++-------
 .../resources/MacResources_ja.properties      | 43 ++++++++-------
 .../resources/MacResources_zh_CN.properties   | 39 +++++++-------
 .../resources/HelpResources_de.properties     | 14 ++---
 .../resources/HelpResources_ja.properties     | 14 ++---
 .../resources/HelpResources_zh_CN.properties  | 14 ++---
 .../resources/MainResources_de.properties     | 53 +++++++++++++++----
 .../resources/MainResources_ja.properties     | 53 +++++++++++++++----
 .../resources/MainResources_zh_CN.properties  | 53 +++++++++++++++----
 .../resources/WinResources_de.properties      | 20 +++----
 .../resources/WinResources_ja.properties      | 20 +++----
 .../resources/WinResources_zh_CN.properties   | 20 +++----
 43 files changed, 433 insertions(+), 259 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/launcher/resources/launcher_de.properties b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/launcher/resources/launcher_de.properties
index e80869b868c..f01d079da64 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/launcher/resources/launcher_de.properties
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/launcher/resources/launcher_de.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2007, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ java.launcher.opt.footer = \    -cp <Klassensuchpfad mit Verzeichnissen und ZIP-
 setzt den Vorgang fort\n    --show-version\n                  Gibt die Produktversion an den Outputstream aus und setzt den Vorgang fort\n    --show-module-resolution\n                  Zeigt die Modulauflösungsausgabe beim Start an\n    -? -h -help\n                  Gibt diese Hilfemeldung an den Fehlerstream aus\n    --help        Gibt diese Hilfemeldung an den Outputstream aus\n    -X            Gibt Hilfe zu zusätzlichen Optionen an den Fehlerstream aus\n    --help-extra  Gibt Hilfe zu zusätzlichen Optionen an den Outputstream aus\n    -ea[:<packagename>...|:<classname>]\n    -enableassertions[:<packagename>...|:<classname>]\n                  Aktiviert Assertions mit angegebener Granularität\n    -da[:<packagename>...|:<classname>]\n    -disableassertions[:<packagename>...|:<classname>]\n                  Deaktiviert Assertions mit angegebener Granularität\n    -esa | -enablesystemassertions\n                  Aktiviert System-Assertions\n    -dsa | -disablesystemassertions\n                  Deaktiviert System-Assertions\n    -agentlib:<libname>[=<options>]\n                  Lädt die native Agent Library <libname>. Beispiel: -agentlib:jdwp\n                  siehe auch -agentlib:jdwp=help\n    -agentpath:<pathname>[=<options>]\n                  Lädt die native Agent Library mit dem vollständigen Pfadnamen\n    -javaagent:<jarpath>[=<options>]\n                  Lädt den Java-Programmiersprachen-Agent, siehe java.lang.instrument\n    -splash:<imagepath>\n                  Zeigt den Startbildschirm mit einem angegebenen Bild an\n                  Skalierte HiDPI-Bilder werden automatisch unterstützt und verwendet,\n                  falls verfügbar. Der nicht skalierte Bilddateiname (Beispiel: image.ext)\n                  muss immer als Argument an die Option "-splash" übergeben werden.\n                  Das am besten geeignete angegebene skalierte Bild wird\n                  automatisch ausgewählt.\n                  Weitere Informationen finden Sie in der Dokumentation zur SplashScreen-API\n    @argument files\n                  Eine oder mehrere Argumentdateien mit Optionen\n    --disable-@files\n                  Verhindert die weitere Erweiterung von Argumentdateien\n    --enable-preview\n                  Lässt zu, das Klassen von Vorschaufeatures dieses Release abhängig sind\nUm ein Argument für eine lange Option anzugeben, können Sie --<Name>=<Wert> oder\n--<Name> <Wert> verwenden.\n
 
 # Translators please note do not translate the options themselves
-java.launcher.X.usage=\n    -Xbatch           Deaktiviert die Hintergrundkompilierung\n    -Xbootclasspath/a:<durch {0} getrennte Verzeichnisse und ZIP-/JAR-Dateien>\n                      An das Ende des Bootstrap Classpaths anhängen\n    -Xcheck:jni       Führt zusätzliche Prüfungen für JNI-Funktionen aus\n    -Xcomp            Erzwingt die Kompilierung von Methoden beim ersten Aufruf\n    -Xdebug           Führt keine Aktion aus. Ist veraltet und wird in einem zukünftigen Release entfernt.\n    -Xdiag            Zeigt zusätzliche Diagnosemeldungen an\n    -Xint             Nur Ausführung im interpretierten Modus\n    -Xinternalversion\n                      Zeigt detailliertere JVM-Versionsinformationen an als die\n                      Option -version\n    -Xlog:<Optionen>      Konfiguriert oder aktiviert Logging mit dem einheitlichen Java Virtual\n                      Machine-(JVM-)Logging-Framework. Verwenden Sie -Xlog:help\n                      für weitere Einzelheiten.\n    -Xloggc:<Datei>    Protokolliert den GC-Status in einer Datei mit Zeitstempeln.\n                      Diese Option ist veraltet und kann in einem\n                      zukünftigen Release entfernt werden. Wird durch -Xlog:gc:<Datei> ersetzt.\n    -Xmixed           Ausführung im gemischten Modus (Standard)\n    -Xmn<Größe>        Legt die anfängliche und maximale Größe (in Byte) des Heaps\n                      für die Young Generation (Nursery) fest\n    -Xms<size>        Legt die minimale und die anfängliche Java-Heap-Größe fest\n    -Xmx<Größe>        Legt die maximale Java-Heap-Größe fest\n    -Xnoclassgc       Deaktiviert die Klassen-Garbage Collection\n    -Xrs               Reduziert die Verwendung von BS-Signalen durch Java/VM (siehe Dokumentation)\n    -Xshare:auto      Verwendet freigegebene Klassendaten, wenn möglich (Standard)\n    -Xshare:off       Versucht nicht, freigegebene Klassendaten zu verwenden\n    -Xshare:on        Erfordert die Verwendung freigegebener Klassendaten, verläuft sonst nicht erfolgreich.\n                      Diese Testoption kann zeitweise zu\n                      Fehlern führen. Sie darf nicht in Produktionsumgebungen verwendet werden.\n    -XshowSettings    Zeigt alle Einstellungen an und fährt fort\n    -XshowSettings:all\n                      Zeigt alle Einstellungen als Verbose-Ausgabe an und fährt fort\n    -XshowSettings:locale\n                      Zeigt alle gebietsschemabezogenen Einstellungen an und fährt fort\n    -XshowSettings:properties\n                      Zeigt alle Eigenschaftseinstellungen an und fährt fort\n    -XshowSettings:vm\n                      Zeigt alle VM-bezogenen Einstellungen an und fährt fort\n    -XshowSettings:security\n                      Zeigt alle Sicherheitseinstellungen an und fährt fort\n    -XshowSettings:security:all\n                      Zeigt alle Sicherheitseinstellungen an und fährt fort\n    -XshowSettings:security:properties\n                      Zeigt Sicherheitseigenschaften an und fährt fort\n    -XshowSettings:security:providers\n                      Zeigt statische Sicherheitsprovidereinstellungen an und fährt fort\n    -XshowSettings:security:tls\n                      Zeigt TLS-bezogene Sicherheitseinstellungen an und fährt fort\n    -XshowSettings:system\n                      (Nur Linux) Zeigt die Konfiguration des Hostsystems oder Containers an\n                      und fährt fort\n    -Xss<Größe>        Legt die Stackgröße des Java-Threads fest\n                      Die tatsächliche Größe kann auf ein Vielfaches der\n                      Systemseitengröße aufgerundet werden, wenn für das Betriebssystem erforderlich.\n    -Xverify          Legt den Modus der Bytecodeverifizierung fest\n            \
-          Beachten Sie, dass die Option -Xverify:none veraltet ist und\n                      in einem zukünftigen Release entfernt werden kann.\n    --add-reads <Modul>=<Zielmodul>(,<Zielmodul>)*\n                      Aktualisiert <Modul>, damit <Zielmodul> gelesen wird, ungeachtet\n                      der Moduldeklaration. \n                      <Zielmodul> kann ALL-UNNAMED sein, um alle unbenannten\n                      Module zu lesen.\n    --add-exports <Modul>/<Package>=<Zielmodul>(,<Zielmodul>)*\n                      Aktualisiert <Modul>, um <Package> in <Zielmodul> zu exportieren,\n                      ungeachtet der Moduldeklaration.\n                      <Zielmodul> kann ALL-UNNAMED sein, um in alle\n                      unbenannten Module zu exportieren.\n    --add-opens <Modul>/<Package>=<Zielmodul>(,<Zielmodul>)*\n                      Aktualisiert <Modul>, um <Package> in\n                      <Zielmodul> zu öffnen, ungeachtet der Moduldeklaration.\n    --limit-modules <Modulname>[,<Modulname>...]\n                      Grenzt die Gesamtmenge der beobachtbaren Module ein\n    --patch-module <Modul>=<Datei>({0}<Datei>)*\n                      Überschreibt oder erweitert ein Modul mit Klassen und Ressourcen\n                      in JAR-Dateien oder Verzeichnissen.\n    --source <Version>\n                      Legt die Version der Quelle im Quelldateimodus fest.\n    --finalization=<Wert>\n                      Steuert, ob die JVM Objekte finalisiert.\n                      Dabei ist <Wert> entweder "enabled" oder "disabled".\n                      Die Finalisierung ist standardmäßig aktiviert.\n    --sun-misc-unsafe-memory-access=<value>\n                      Verwendung der nicht unterstützten API sun.misc.Unsafe zulassen oder verweigern\n                      <value> ist "allow", "warn", "debug" oder "deny".\n                      Der Standardwert ist "warn".\n\nDiese zusätzlichen Optionen können jederzeit ohne vorherige Ankündigung geändert werden.\n
+java.launcher.X.usage=\n    -Xbatch           Deaktiviert die Hintergrundkompilierung\n    -Xbootclasspath/a:<durch {0} getrennte Verzeichnisse und ZIP-/JAR-Dateien>\n                      An das Ende des Bootstrap Classpaths anhängen\n    -Xcheck:jni       Führt zusätzliche Prüfungen für JNI-Funktionen aus\n    -Xcomp            Erzwingt die Kompilierung von Methoden beim ersten Aufruf\n    -Xdebug           Führt keine Aktion aus. Ist veraltet und wird in einem zukünftigen Release entfernt.\n    -Xdiag            Zeigt zusätzliche Diagnosemeldungen an\n    -Xint             Nur Ausführung im interpretierten Modus\n    -Xinternalversion\n                      Zeigt detailliertere JVM-Versionsinformationen an als die\n                      Option -version\n    -Xlog:<Optionen>      Konfiguriert oder aktiviert Logging mit dem einheitlichen Java Virtual\n                      Machine-(JVM-)Logging-Framework. Verwenden Sie -Xlog:help\n                      für weitere Einzelheiten.\n    -Xloggc:<Datei>    Protokolliert den GC-Status in einer Datei mit Zeitstempeln.\n                      Diese Option ist veraltet und kann in einem\n                      zukünftigen Release entfernt werden. Wird durch -Xlog:gc:<Datei> ersetzt.\n    -Xmixed           Ausführung im gemischten Modus (Standard)\n    -Xmn<Größe>        Legt die anfängliche und maximale Größe (in Byte) des Heaps\n                      für die Young Generation (Nursery) fest\n    -Xms<size>        Legt die minimale und die anfängliche Java-Heap-Größe fest\n    -Xmx<Größe>        Legt die maximale Java-Heap-Größe fest\n    -Xnoclassgc       Deaktiviert die Klassen-Garbage Collection\n    -Xrs               Reduziert die Verwendung von BS-Signalen durch Java/VM (siehe Dokumentation)\n    -Xshare:auto      Verwendet freigegebene Klassendaten, wenn möglich (Standard)\n    -Xshare:off       Versucht nicht, freigegebene Klassendaten zu verwenden\n    -Xshare:on        Erfordert die Verwendung freigegebener Klassendaten, verläuft sonst nicht erfolgreich.\n                      Diese Testoption kann zeitweise zu\n                      Fehlern führen. Sie darf nicht in Produktionsumgebungen verwendet werden.\n    -XshowSettings    Zeigt alle Einstellungen an und fährt fort\n    -XshowSettings:all\n                      Zeigt alle Einstellungen als Verbose-Ausgabe an und fährt fort\n    -XshowSettings:locale\n                      Zeigt alle gebietsschemabezogenen Einstellungen an und fährt fort\n    -XshowSettings:properties\n                      Zeigt alle Eigenschaftseinstellungen an und fährt fort\n    -XshowSettings:vm\n                      Zeigt alle VM-bezogenen Einstellungen an und fährt fort\n    -XshowSettings:security\n                      Zeigt alle Sicherheitseinstellungen an und fährt fort\n    -XshowSettings:security:all\n                      Zeigt alle Sicherheitseinstellungen an und fährt fort\n    -XshowSettings:security:properties\n                      Zeigt Sicherheitseigenschaften an und fährt fort\n    -XshowSettings:security:providers\n                      Zeigt statische Sicherheitsprovidereinstellungen an und fährt fort\n    -XshowSettings:security:tls\n                      Zeigt TLS-bezogene Sicherheitseinstellungen an und fährt fort\n    -XshowSettings:system\n                      (Nur Linux) Zeigt die Konfiguration des Hostsystems oder Containers an\n                      und fährt fort\n    -Xss<Größe>        Legt die Stackgröße des Java-Threads fest\n                      Die tatsächliche Größe kann auf ein Vielfaches der\n                      Systemseitengröße aufgerundet werden, wenn für das Betriebssystem erforderlich.\n    -Xverify          Legt den Modus der Bytecodeverifizierung fest\n    \
+--add-reads <Modul>=<Zielmodul>(,<Zielmodul>)*\n                      Aktualisiert <Modul>, damit <Zielmodul> gelesen wird, ungeachtet\n                      der Moduldeklaration. \n                      <Zielmodul> kann ALL-UNNAMED sein, um alle unbenannten\n                      Module zu lesen.\n    --add-exports <Modul>/<Package>=<Zielmodul>(,<Zielmodul>)*\n                      Aktualisiert <Modul>, um <Package> in <Zielmodul> zu exportieren,\n                      ungeachtet der Moduldeklaration.\n                      <Zielmodul> kann ALL-UNNAMED sein, um in alle\n                      unbenannten Module zu exportieren.\n    --add-opens <Modul>/<Package>=<Zielmodul>(,<Zielmodul>)*\n                      Aktualisiert <Modul>, um <Package> in\n                      <Zielmodul> zu öffnen, ungeachtet der Moduldeklaration.\n    --limit-modules <Modulname>[,<Modulname>...]\n                      Grenzt die Gesamtmenge der beobachtbaren Module ein\n    --patch-module <Modul>=<Datei>({0}<Datei>)*\n                      Überschreibt oder erweitert ein Modul mit Klassen und Ressourcen\n                      in JAR-Dateien oder Verzeichnissen.\n    --source <Version>\n                      Legt die Version der Quelle im Quelldateimodus fest.\n    --finalization=<Wert>\n                      Steuert, ob die JVM Objekte finalisiert.\n                      Dabei ist <Wert> entweder "enabled" oder "disabled".\n                      Die Finalisierung ist standardmäßig aktiviert.\n    --sun-misc-unsafe-memory-access=<value>\n                      Verwendung der nicht unterstützten API sun.misc.Unsafe zulassen oder verweigern\n                      <value> ist "allow", "warn", "debug" oder "deny".\n                      Der Standardwert ist "warn".\n\nDiese zusätzlichen Optionen können jederzeit ohne vorherige Ankündigung geändert werden.\n
 
 # Translators please note do not translate the options themselves
 java.launcher.X.macosx.usage=\nDie folgenden Optionen sind für macOS spezifisch:\n    -XstartOnFirstThread\n                      Führt die main()-Methode für den ersten (AppKit-)Thread aus\n    -Xdock:name=<Anwendungsname>\n                      Setzt den im Dock angezeigten Standardanwendungsnamen außer Kraft\n    -Xdock:icon=<Pfad zu Symboldatei>\n                      Setzt das im Dock angezeigte Standardsymbol außer Kraft\n\n
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/launcher/resources/launcher_ja.properties b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/launcher/resources/launcher_ja.properties
index 49712b21c52..e03c385b97e 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/launcher/resources/launcher_ja.properties
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/launcher/resources/launcher_ja.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2007, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ java.launcher.opt.footer = \    -cp <ディレクトリおよびzip/jarファイ
 
 # Translators please note do not translate the options themselves
 java.launcher.X.usage=\n    -Xbatch           バックグラウンド・コンパイルを無効にします\n    -Xbootclasspath/a:<directories and zip/jar files separated by {0}>\n                      ブートストラップ・クラス・パスの最後に追加します\n    -Xcheck:jni       JNI関数に対する追加のチェックを実行します\n    -Xcomp            初回呼出し時にメソッドのコンパイルを強制します\n    -Xdebug           何も実行されません。将来のリリースで削除されるため、非推奨になりました。\n    -Xdiag            追加の診断メッセージを表示します\n    -Xint             インタプリタ・モードの実行のみ\n    -Xinternalversion\n                      -versionオプションより詳細なJVMバージョン情報を\n                      表示します\n    -Xlog:<opts>      Java Virtual Machine (JVM)統合ロギング・フレームワークでの\n                      ロギングを構成または有効化します。詳細は、-Xlog:helpを\n                      使用してください。\n    -Xloggc:<file>    タイムスタンプが付いたファイルにGCステータスのログを記録します\n                      このオプションは非推奨であり、将来のリリースで削除される\n                      可能性があります。-Xlog:gc:<file>で置換されています。\n    -Xmixed           混合モードの実行(デフォルト)\n    -Xmn<size>        若い世代(ナーサリ)のヒープの初期サイズおよび最大サイズ\n                      (バイト単位)を設定します\n    -Xms<size>        Javaの最小および初期のヒープ・サイズを設定します\n    -Xmx<size>        Javaの最大ヒープ・サイズを設定します\n    -Xnoclassgc       クラスのガベージ・コレクションを無効にします\n    -Xrs              Java/VMによるOSシグナルの使用を削減します(ドキュメントを参照)\n    -Xshare:auto      可能であれば共有クラス・データを使用します(デフォルト)\n    -Xshare:off       共有クラス・データの使用を試みません\n    -Xshare:on        共有クラス・データの使用を必須にし、できなければ失敗します。\n                      \
-これはテスト・オプションであり、断続的な失敗につながる\n                      可能性があります。本番環境では使用しないでください。\n    -XshowSettings    すべての設定を表示して続行します\n    -XshowSettings:all\n                      すべての設定を詳細に表示して続行します\n    -XshowSettings:locale\n                      すべてのロケール関連の設定を表示して続行します\n    -XshowSettings:properties\n                      すべてのプロパティ設定を表示して続行します\n    -XshowSettings:vm\n                      すべてのVM関連の設定を表示して続行します\n    -XshowSettings:security\n                      すべてのセキュリティ設定を表示して続行します\n    -XshowSettings:security:all\n                      すべてのセキュリティ設定を表示して続行します\n    -XshowSettings:security:properties\n                      セキュリティ・プロパティを表示して続行します\n    -XshowSettings:security:providers\n                      静的セキュリティ・プロバイダ設定を表示して続行します\n    -XshowSettings:security:tls\n                      TLS関連のセキュリティ設定を表示して続行します\n    -XshowSettings:system\n                      (Linuxのみ)ホスト・システムまたはコンテナを表示します\n                      構成して続行します\n    -Xss<size>        javaスレッドのスタック・サイズを設定します\n                      実際のサイズは、次の倍数に切り上げられる場合があります: \n                      オペレーティング・システムの要件に応じたシステム・ページ・サイズ。\n    -Xverify          バイトコード・ベリファイアのモードを設定します\n                      オプション-Xverify:noneは非推奨になり、\n                      将来のリリースで削除される可能性があります。\n    --add-reads <module>=<target-module>(,<target-module>)*\n                      モジュール宣言に関係なく、<module>を更新して<target-module>を\n                      読み取ります。 \n                      <target-module>をALL-UNNAMEDに設定すると、すべての名前のないモジュールを\n                      読み取ることができます。\n    --add-exports \
-<module>/<package>=<target-module>(,<target-module>)*\n                      モジュール宣言に関係なく、<module>を更新して<package>を<target-module>に\n                      エクスポートします。\n                      <target-module>をALL-UNNAMEDに設定すると、すべての名前のないモジュールに\n                      エクスポートできます。\n    --add-opens <module>/<package>=<target-module>(,<target-module>)*\n                      モジュール宣言に関係なく、<module>を更新して<package>を\n                      <target-module>に開きます。\n    --limit-modules <module name>[,<module name>...]\n                      参照可能なモジュールの領域を制限します\n    --patch-module <module>=<file>({0}<file>)*\n                      JARファイルまたはディレクトリのクラスおよびリソースで\n                      モジュールをオーバーライドまたは拡張します。\n    --source <version>\n                      ソースファイル・モードでソースのバージョンを設定します。\n    --finalization=<value>\n                      JVMがオブジェクトのファイナライズを実行するかどうかを制御します\n                      <value>は"enabled"または"disabled"のいずれかです。\n                      ファイナライズはデフォルトで有効になっています。\n    --sun-misc-unsafe-memory-access=<value>\n                      サポートされていないAPI sun.misc.Unsafeの使用を許可または拒否します\n                      <value>は"allow"、"warn"、"debug"または"deny"のいずれかです。\n                      デフォルト値は"warn"です。\n\nこの追加オプションは予告なしに変更されることがあります。\n
+これはテスト・オプションであり、断続的な失敗につながる\n                      可能性があります。本番環境では使用しないでください。\n    -XshowSettings    すべての設定を表示して続行します\n    -XshowSettings:all\n                      すべての設定を詳細に表示して続行します\n    -XshowSettings:locale\n                      すべてのロケール関連の設定を表示して続行します\n    -XshowSettings:properties\n                      すべてのプロパティ設定を表示して続行します\n    -XshowSettings:vm\n                      すべてのVM関連の設定を表示して続行します\n    -XshowSettings:security\n                      すべてのセキュリティ設定を表示して続行します\n    -XshowSettings:security:all\n                      すべてのセキュリティ設定を表示して続行します\n    -XshowSettings:security:properties\n                      セキュリティ・プロパティを表示して続行します\n    -XshowSettings:security:providers\n                      静的セキュリティ・プロバイダ設定を表示して続行します\n    -XshowSettings:security:tls\n                      TLS関連のセキュリティ設定を表示して続行します\n    -XshowSettings:system\n                      (Linuxのみ)ホスト・システムまたはコンテナを表示します\n                      構成して続行します\n    -Xss<size>        javaスレッドのスタック・サイズを設定します\n                      実際のサイズは、次の倍数に切り上げられる場合があります: \n                      オペレーティング・システムの要件に応じたシステム・ページ・サイズ。\n    -Xverify          バイトコード・ベリファイアのモードを設定します\n    --add-reads <module>=<target-module>(,<target-module>)*\n                      モジュール宣言に関係なく、<module>を更新して<target-module>を\n                      読み取ります。 \n                      <target-module>をALL-UNNAMEDに設定すると、すべての名前のないモジュールを\n                      読み取ることができます。\n    --add-exports <module>/<package>=<target-module>(,<target-module>)*\n                      モジュール宣言に関係なく、<module>を更新して<package>を<target-module>に\n                      \
+エクスポートします。\n                      <target-module>をALL-UNNAMEDに設定すると、すべての名前のないモジュールに\n                      エクスポートできます。\n    --add-opens <module>/<package>=<target-module>(,<target-module>)*\n                      モジュール宣言に関係なく、<module>を更新して<package>を\n                      <target-module>に開きます。\n    --limit-modules <module name>[,<module name>...]\n                      参照可能なモジュールの領域を制限します\n    --patch-module <module>=<file>({0}<file>)*\n                      JARファイルまたはディレクトリのクラスおよびリソースで\n                      モジュールをオーバーライドまたは拡張します。\n    --source <version>\n                      ソースファイル・モードでソースのバージョンを設定します。\n    --finalization=<value>\n                      JVMがオブジェクトのファイナライズを実行するかどうかを制御します\n                      <value>は"enabled"または"disabled"のいずれかです。\n                      ファイナライズはデフォルトで有効になっています。\n    --sun-misc-unsafe-memory-access=<value>\n                      サポートされていないAPI sun.misc.Unsafeの使用を許可または拒否します\n                      <value>は"allow"、"warn"、"debug"または"deny"のいずれかです。\n                      デフォルト値は"warn"です。\n\nこの追加オプションは予告なしに変更されることがあります。\n
 
 # Translators please note do not translate the options themselves
 java.launcher.X.macosx.usage=\n次のオプションはmacOS固有です:\n    -XstartOnFirstThread\n                      main()メソッドを最初(AppKit)のスレッドで実行する\n    -Xdock:name=<application name>\n                      Dockに表示されるデフォルト・アプリケーション名をオーバーライドする\n    -Xdock:icon=<path to icon file>\n                      Dockに表示されるデフォルト・アイコンをオーバーライドする\n\n
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/launcher/resources/launcher_zh_CN.properties b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/launcher/resources/launcher_zh_CN.properties
index b3c0268f953..734fc9b50f7 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/launcher/resources/launcher_zh_CN.properties
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/launcher/resources/launcher_zh_CN.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2007, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ java.launcher.opt.footer = \    -cp <目录和 zip/jar 文件的类搜索路径>
 
 # Translators please note do not translate the options themselves
 java.launcher.X.usage=\n    -Xbatch           禁用后台编译\n    -Xbootclasspath/a:<以 {0} 分隔的目录和 zip/jar 文件>\n                      附加在引导类路径末尾\n    -Xcheck:jni       对 JNI 函数执行其他检查\n    -Xcomp            强制在首次调用时编译方法\n    -Xdebug           不执行任何操作；已过时，将在未来发行版中删除。\n    -Xdiag            显示附加诊断消息\n    -Xint             仅解释模式执行\n    -Xinternalversion\n                      显示比 -version 选项更详细的\n                      JVM 版本信息\n    -Xlog:<opts>      配置或启用采用 Java 虚拟\n                      机 (Java Virtual Machine, JVM) 统一记录框架进行事件记录。使用 -Xlog:help\n                      可了解详细信息。\n    -Xloggc:<file>    将 GC 状态记录在文件中（带时间戳）。\n                      此选项已过时，可能会在\n                      将来的发行版中删除。它将替换为 -Xlog:gc:<file>。\n    -Xmixed           混合模式执行（默认值）\n    -Xmn<size>        为年轻代（新生代）设置初始和最大堆大小\n                      （以字节为单位）\n    -Xms<size>        设置最小和初始 Java 堆大小\n    -Xmx<size>        设置最大 Java 堆大小\n    -Xnoclassgc       禁用类垃圾收集\n    -Xrs              减少 Java/VM 对操作系统信号的使用（请参见文档）\n    -Xshare:auto      在可能的情况下使用共享类数据（默认值）\n    -Xshare:off       不尝试使用共享类数据\n    -Xshare:on        要求使用共享类数据，否则将失败。\n                      这是一个测试选项，可能导致间歇性\n                      故障。不应在生产环境中使用它。\n    -XshowSettings    显示所有设置并继续\n    -XshowSettings:all\n                      详细显示所有设置并继续\n    -XshowSettings:locale\n                      显示所有与区域设置相关的设置并继续\n    -XshowSettings:properties\n                      显示所有属性设置并继续\n    -XshowSettings:vm\n                      显示所有与 vm 相关的设置并继续\n    -XshowSettings:security\n                      显示所有安全设置并继续\n    -XshowSettings:security:all\n                      显示所有安全设置并继续\n    -XshowSettings:security:properties\n                      显示安全属性并继续\n    -XshowSettings:security:providers\n                      显示静态安全提供方设置并继续\n    -XshowSettings:security:tls\n                      显示与 TLS \
-相关的安全设置并继续\n    -XshowSettings:system\n                      （仅 Linux）显示主机系统或容器\n                      配置并继续\n    -Xss<size>        设置 Java 线程堆栈大小\n                      实际大小可以舍入到\n                      操作系统要求的系统页面大小的倍数。\n    -Xverify          设置字节码验证器的模式\n                      请注意，选项 -Xverify:none 已过时，\n                      可能会在未来发行版中删除。\n    --add-reads <module>=<target-module>(,<target-module>)*\n                      更新 <module> 以读取 <target-module>，而无论\n                      模块如何声明。 \n                      <target-module> 可以是 ALL-UNNAMED，将读取所有未命名\n                      模块。\n    --add-exports <module>/<package>=<target-module>(,<target-module>)*\n                      更新 <module> 以将 <package> 导出到 <target-module>，\n                      而无论模块如何声明。\n                      <target-module> 可以是 ALL-UNNAMED，将导出到所有\n                      未命名模块。\n    --add-opens <module>/<package>=<target-module>(,<target-module>)*\n                      更新 <module> 以在 <target-module> 中打开\n                      <package>，而无论模块如何声明。\n    --limit-modules <module name>[,<module name>...]\n                      限制可观察模块的领域\n    --patch-module <module>=<file>({0}<file>)*\n                      使用 JAR 文件或目录中的类和资源\n                      覆盖或增强模块。\n    --source <version>\n                      设置源文件模式中源的版本。\n    --finalization=<value>\n                      控制 JVM 是否执行对象最终处理，\n                      其中 <value> 为 "enabled" 或 "disabled" 之一。\n                      默认情况下，最终处理处于启用状态。\n    --sun-misc-unsafe-memory-access=<value>\n                      允许或拒绝使用不受支持的 API sun.misc.Unsafe\n                      <value> 为 "allow"、"warn"、"debug" 或 "deny" 之一。\n                      默认值为 "warn"。\n\n这些额外选项如有更改, 恕不另行通知。\n
+相关的安全设置并继续\n    -XshowSettings:system\n                      （仅 Linux）显示主机系统或容器\n                      配置并继续\n    -Xss<size>        设置 Java 线程堆栈大小\n                      实际大小可以舍入到\n                      操作系统要求的系统页面大小的倍数。\n    -Xverify          设置字节码验证器的模式\n    --add-reads <module>=<target-module>(,<target-module>)*\n                      更新 <module> 以读取 <target-module>，而无论\n                      模块如何声明。 \n                      <target-module> 可以是 ALL-UNNAMED，将读取所有未命名\n                      模块。\n    --add-exports <module>/<package>=<target-module>(,<target-module>)*\n                      更新 <module> 以将 <package> 导出到 <target-module>，\n                      而无论模块如何声明。\n                      <target-module> 可以是 ALL-UNNAMED，将导出到所有\n                      未命名模块。\n    --add-opens <module>/<package>=<target-module>(,<target-module>)*\n                      更新 <module> 以在 <target-module> 中打开\n                      <package>，而无论模块如何声明。\n    --limit-modules <module name>[,<module name>...]\n                      限制可观察模块的领域\n    --patch-module <module>=<file>({0}<file>)*\n                      使用 JAR 文件或目录中的类和资源\n                      覆盖或增强模块。\n    --source <version>\n                      设置源文件模式中源的版本。\n    --finalization=<value>\n                      控制 JVM 是否执行对象最终处理，\n                      其中 <value> 为 "enabled" 或 "disabled" 之一。\n                      默认情况下，最终处理处于启用状态。\n    --sun-misc-unsafe-memory-access=<value>\n                      允许或拒绝使用不受支持的 API sun.misc.Unsafe\n                      <value> 为 "allow"、"warn"、"debug" 或 "deny" 之一。\n                      默认值为 "warn"。\n\n这些额外选项如有更改, 恕不另行通知。\n
 
 # Translators please note do not translate the options themselves
 java.launcher.X.macosx.usage=\n以下选项是特定于 macOS 的选项：\n    -XstartOnFirstThread\n                      在第一个 (AppKit) 线程上运行 main() 方法\n    -Xdock:name=<application name>\n                      覆盖停靠栏中显示的默认应用程序名称\n    -Xdock:icon=<path to icon file>\n                     覆盖停靠栏中显示的默认图标\n\n
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/tools/keytool/resources/keytool_de.properties b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/tools/keytool/resources/keytool_de.properties
index a452dd34e9d..479c536b7c8 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/tools/keytool/resources/keytool_de.properties
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/tools/keytool/resources/keytool_de.properties
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ Imports.entries.from.a.JDK.1.1.x.style.identity.database=Importiert Einträge au
 Imports.a.certificate.or.a.certificate.chain=Importiert ein Zertifikat oder eine Zertifikatskette
 Imports.a.password=Importiert ein Kennwort
 Imports.one.or.all.entries.from.another.keystore=Importiert einen oder alle Einträge aus einem anderen Keystore
-Clones.a.key.entry=Clont einen Schlüsseleintrag
+Clones.a.key.entry=Klont einen Schlüsseleintrag
 Changes.the.key.password.of.an.entry=Ändert das Schlüsselkennwort eines Eintrags
 Lists.entries.in.a.keystore=Listet die Einträge in einem Keystore auf
 Prints.the.content.of.a.certificate=Druckt den Content eines Zertifikats
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/tools/keytool/resources/keytool_zh_CN.properties b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/tools/keytool/resources/keytool_zh_CN.properties
index 435e74e468f..622b7545183 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/tools/keytool/resources/keytool_zh_CN.properties
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/tools/keytool/resources/keytool_zh_CN.properties
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ verbose.output=详细输出
 validity.number.of.days=有效天数
 Serial.ID.of.cert.to.revoke=要撤销的证书的序列 ID
 # keytool: Running part
-keytool.error.=keytool 错误：\u0020
+keytool.error.=keytool 错误：
 Illegal.option.=非法选项: \u0020
 Illegal.value.=非法值:\u0020
 Unknown.password.type.=未知口令类型:\u0020
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ Do.you.still.want.to.add.it.no.=是否仍要添加? [否]: \u0020
 Certificate.already.exists.in.system.wide.CA.keystore.under.alias.trustalias.=在别名 <{0}> 之下, 证书已经存在于系统范围的 CA 密钥库中
 Do.you.still.want.to.add.it.to.your.own.keystore.no.=是否仍要将它添加到自己的密钥库? [否]: \u0020
 Trust.this.certificate.no.=是否信任此证书? [否]: \u0020
-New.prompt.=新 {0}：\u0020
+New.prompt.=新 {0}：
 Passwords.must.differ=口令不能相同
 Re.enter.new.prompt.=重新输入新{0}:\u0020
 Re.enter.password.=再次输入口令:\u0020
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ Please.provide.keysize.for.secret.key.generation=请提供 -keysize 以生成密
 warning.not.verified.make.sure.keystore.is.correct=警告: 未验证。请确保密钥库是正确的。
 warning.not.verified.make.sure.keystore.is.correct.or.specify.trustcacerts=警告：未验证。请确保密钥库是正确的，或者指定 -trustcacerts。
 
-Extensions.=扩展：\u0020
+Extensions.=扩展：
 .Empty.value.=(空值)
 Extension.Request.=扩展请求:
 Unknown.keyUsage.type.=未知 keyUsage 类型:\u0020
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/resources/auth_zh_CN.properties b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/resources/auth_zh_CN.properties
index 663b3f8993f..209ebcecfa7 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/resources/auth_zh_CN.properties
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/resources/auth_zh_CN.properties
@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@ Configuration.Error.Line.line.expected.expect.=配置错误: \n\t行 {0}: 应为
 Configuration.Error.Line.line.system.property.value.expanded.to.empty.value=配置错误: \n\t行 {0}: 系统属性 [{1}] 扩展到空值
 
 # com.sun.security.auth.module.JndiLoginModule
-username.=用户名：\u0020
-password.=密码：\u0020
+username.=用户名：
+password.=密码：
 
 # com.sun.security.auth.module.KeyStoreLoginModule
 Please.enter.keystore.information=请输入密钥库信息
@@ -63,5 +63,5 @@ Keystore.password.=密钥库口令:\u0020
 Private.key.password.optional.=私有密钥口令 (可选):\u0020
 
 # com.sun.security.auth.module.Krb5LoginModule
-Kerberos.username.defUsername.=Kerberos 用户名 [{0}]：\u0020
-Kerberos.password.for.username.={0} 的 Kerberos 密码：\u0020
+Kerberos.username.defUsername.=Kerberos 用户名 [{0}]：
+Kerberos.password.for.username.={0} 的 Kerberos 密码：
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/resources/security_zh_CN.properties b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/resources/security_zh_CN.properties
index a322cb7b1e8..d86f05ecb09 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/resources/security_zh_CN.properties
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/resources/security_zh_CN.properties
@@ -44,16 +44,16 @@ NEWLINE=\n
 invalid.null.action.provided=提供了无效的空操作
 invalid.null.Class.provided=提供了无效的空类
 Subject.=主体：\n
-.Principal.=\t主用户：\u0020
-.Public.Credential.=\t公共身份证明：\u0020
-.Private.Credential.=\t专用身份证明：\u0020
+.Principal.=\t主用户：
+.Public.Credential.=\t公共身份证明：
+.Private.Credential.=\t专用身份证明：
 .Private.Credential.inaccessible.=\t无法访问专用身份证明\n
 Subject.is.read.only=主体为只读
 attempting.to.add.an.object.which.is.not.an.instance.of.java.security.Principal.to.a.Subject.s.Principal.Set=正在尝试将一个非 java.security.Principal 实例的对象添加到主体的主用户集中
 attempting.to.add.an.object.which.is.not.an.instance.of.class=正在尝试添加一个非{0}实例的对象
 
 # javax.security.auth.login.AppConfigurationEntry
-LoginModuleControlFlag.=LoginModuleControlFlag：\u0020
+LoginModuleControlFlag.=LoginModuleControlFlag：
 
 # javax.security.auth.login.LoginContext
 Invalid.null.input.name=无效空输入: 名称
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ line.number.msg=第 {0} 行：{1}
 line.number.expected.expect.found.actual.=行号 {0}: 应为 [{1}], 找到 [{2}]
 
 # sun.security.pkcs11.SunPKCS11
-PKCS11.Token.providerName.Password.=PKCS11 标记 [{0}] 密码：\u0020
+PKCS11.Token.providerName.Password.=PKCS11 标记 [{0}] 密码：
 
 # sun.security.util.Password
 warning.input.may.be.visible.on.screen=[警告：输入可能显示在屏幕上]\u0020
diff --git a/src/java.xml/share/classes/com/sun/org/apache/xalan/internal/res/XSLTErrorResources_de.java b/src/java.xml/share/classes/com/sun/org/apache/xalan/internal/res/XSLTErrorResources_de.java
index 906bbb88252..806b37c8bb0 100644
--- a/src/java.xml/share/classes/com/sun/org/apache/xalan/internal/res/XSLTErrorResources_de.java
+++ b/src/java.xml/share/classes/com/sun/org/apache/xalan/internal/res/XSLTErrorResources_de.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  */
 /*
  * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
@@ -641,7 +641,7 @@ public Object[][] getContents()
       "Vorlagen m\u00FCssen entweder ein \"match\"- oder ein \"name\"-Attribut haben"},
 
     { ER_NO_CLONE_OF_DOCUMENT_FRAG,
-      "Kein Clone eines Dokumentfragments."},
+      "Kein Klon eines Dokumentfragments."},
 
     { ER_CANT_CREATE_ITEM,
       "Element in Ergebnisbaum kann nicht erstellt werden: {0}"},
diff --git a/src/java.xml/share/classes/com/sun/org/apache/xml/internal/res/XMLErrorResources_de.java b/src/java.xml/share/classes/com/sun/org/apache/xml/internal/res/XMLErrorResources_de.java
index 3c53ea08956..9337b13b8fc 100644
--- a/src/java.xml/share/classes/com/sun/org/apache/xml/internal/res/XMLErrorResources_de.java
+++ b/src/java.xml/share/classes/com/sun/org/apache/xml/internal/res/XMLErrorResources_de.java
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ public class XMLErrorResources_de extends ListResourceBundle
       "Fehler: Iterator f\u00FCr Achse {0} nicht implementiert "},
 
     { ER_ITERATOR_CLONE_NOT_SUPPORTED,
-      "Iteratorclone nicht unterst\u00FCtzt"},
+      "Iteratorklon nicht unterst\u00FCtzt"},
 
     { ER_UNKNOWN_AXIS_TYPE,
       "Unbekannter Achsendurchlauftyp: {0}"},
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/compiler_de.properties b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/compiler_de.properties
index b8fa413adba..36a71fa424f 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/compiler_de.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/compiler_de.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -710,7 +710,11 @@ compiler.err.lambda.body.neither.value.nor.void.compatible=Lambda-Body ist weder
 # 0: list of type
 compiler.err.incompatible.thrown.types.in.mref=Inkompatible ausgelöste Typen {0} in Funktionsausdruck
 
-compiler.misc.incompatible.arg.types.in.lambda=Inkompatible Parametertypen in Lambda-Ausdruck
+# 0: list of type or message segment, 1: list of type or message segment
+compiler.misc.incompatible.arg.types.in.lambda=Inkompatible Parametertypen in Lambda-Ausdruck\nErforderlich: {0}\nGefunden: {1}
+
+# 0: symbol
+compiler.misc.wrong.number.args.in.lambda=Falsche Anzahl an Parametern in Lambda-Ausdruck für funktionale Schnittstelle {0}
 
 compiler.misc.incompatible.arg.types.in.mref=Inkompatible Parametertypen in Methodenreferenz
 
@@ -1046,6 +1050,19 @@ compiler.err.not.exhaustive=Der Switch-Ausdruck deckt nicht alle möglichen Eing
 
 compiler.err.not.exhaustive.statement=Die Switch-Anweisung deckt nicht alle möglichen Eingabewerte ab
 
+compiler.err.not.exhaustive.details=Der Switch-Ausdruck deckt nicht alle möglichen Eingabewerte ab\nFehlende Muster:
+
+compiler.err.not.exhaustive.statement.details=Die Switch-Anweisung deckt nicht alle möglichen Eingabewerte ab\nFehlende Muster:
+
+# 0: type
+compiler.misc.binding.pattern={0} _
+
+# 0: type, 1: list of diagnostic
+compiler.misc.record.pattern={0}({1})
+
+# 0: type, 1: name
+compiler.misc.enum.constant.pattern={0}.{1}
+
 compiler.err.initializer.must.be.able.to.complete.normally=Initializer muss normal abgeschlossen werden können
 
 compiler.err.initializer.not.allowed=Initializer in Schnittstellen nicht zulässig
@@ -1213,6 +1230,9 @@ compiler.note.mref.stat=Methodenreferenz wird übersetzt\nAlternative Metafactor
 # 0: boolean, 1: symbol
 compiler.note.mref.stat.1=Methodenreferenz wird übersetzt\nAlternative Metafactory = {0}\nBridgemethode = {1}
 
+# 0: string, 1: string, 2: string, 3: number, 4: string, 5: string, 6: string, 7: string
+compiler.note.lambda.deserialization.stat=Lambda-Deserialisierung wird generiert\nfunctionalInterfaceClass: {0}\nfunctionalInterfaceMethodName: {1}\nFunctionalInterfaceMethodSignature:{2}\nimplMethodKind: {3}\nimplClass: {4}\nimplMethodName: {5}\nimplMethodSignature: {6}\ninstantiatedMethodType: {7}
+
 compiler.note.note=Hinweis:\u0020
 
 # 0: file name
@@ -1383,7 +1403,7 @@ compiler.warn.incubating.modules=Inkubatormodul(e) verwendet: {0}
 
 # 0: symbol, 1: symbol
 # lint: deprecation
-# flags: aggregate, mandatory, default-enabled
+# flags: aggregate, mandatory, default-enabled, deprecation-sensitive
 compiler.warn.has.been.deprecated={0} in {1} ist veraltet
 
 # 0: symbol, 1: symbol
@@ -1809,9 +1829,11 @@ compiler.warn.annotation.method.not.found.reason=Annotationsmethode "{1}()" kann
 compiler.err.cant.attach.type.annotations=Typannotationen {0} können nicht an {1}.{2} angehängt werden:\n{3}
 
 # 0: file object, 1: symbol, 2: name
+# lint: classfile
 compiler.warn.unknown.enum.constant=Unbekannte Enum-Konstante {1}.{2}
 
 # 0: file object, 1: symbol, 2: name, 3: message segment
+# lint: classfile
 compiler.warn.unknown.enum.constant.reason=Unbekannte Enum-Konstante {1}.{2}\nGrund: {3}
 
 # 0: type, 1: type
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/compiler_ja.properties b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/compiler_ja.properties
index 89bdc893a43..a9aaa7ba48b 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/compiler_ja.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/compiler_ja.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -710,7 +710,11 @@ compiler.err.lambda.body.neither.value.nor.void.compatible=ラムダ・ボディ
 # 0: list of type
 compiler.err.incompatible.thrown.types.in.mref=機能式でスローされたタイプ{0}は不適合です
 
-compiler.misc.incompatible.arg.types.in.lambda=ラムダ式のパラメータ型は不適合です
+# 0: list of type or message segment, 1: list of type or message segment
+compiler.misc.incompatible.arg.types.in.lambda=ラムダ式のパラメータ型は不適合です\n期待値: {0}\n検出値: {1}
+
+# 0: symbol
+compiler.misc.wrong.number.args.in.lambda=機能インタフェース{0}のラムダ式のパラメータ数が間違っています
 
 compiler.misc.incompatible.arg.types.in.mref=メソッド参照のパラメータ型は不適合です
 
@@ -1046,6 +1050,19 @@ compiler.err.not.exhaustive=switch式がすべての可能な入力値をカバ
 
 compiler.err.not.exhaustive.statement=switch文がすべての可能な入力値をカバーしていません
 
+compiler.err.not.exhaustive.details=switch式がすべての可能な入力値をカバーしていません\n欠落パターン:
+
+compiler.err.not.exhaustive.statement.details=switch文がすべての可能な入力値をカバーしていません\n欠落パターン:
+
+# 0: type
+compiler.misc.binding.pattern={0} _
+
+# 0: type, 1: list of diagnostic
+compiler.misc.record.pattern={0}({1})
+
+# 0: type, 1: name
+compiler.misc.enum.constant.pattern={0}.{1}
+
 compiler.err.initializer.must.be.able.to.complete.normally=初期化子は正常に完了できる必要があります
 
 compiler.err.initializer.not.allowed=イニシャライザはinterfacesでは許可されません
@@ -1213,6 +1230,9 @@ compiler.note.mref.stat=メソッド参照を変換しています\n代替metafa
 # 0: boolean, 1: symbol
 compiler.note.mref.stat.1=メソッド参照を変換しています\n代替metafactory = {0}\nブリッジ・メソッド = {1}
 
+# 0: string, 1: string, 2: string, 3: number, 4: string, 5: string, 6: string, 7: string
+compiler.note.lambda.deserialization.stat=ラムダ・デシリアライゼーションを生成しています\nfunctionalInterfaceClass: {0}\nfunctionalInterfaceMethodName: {1}\nfunctionalInterfaceMethodSignature:{2}\nimplMethodKind: {3}\nimplClass: {4}\nimplMethodName: {5}\nimplMethodSignature: {6}\ninstantiatedMethodType: {7}
+
 compiler.note.note=ノート:\u0020
 
 # 0: file name
@@ -1383,7 +1403,7 @@ compiler.warn.incubating.modules=実験的なモジュールを使用してい
 
 # 0: symbol, 1: symbol
 # lint: deprecation
-# flags: aggregate, mandatory, default-enabled
+# flags: aggregate, mandatory, default-enabled, deprecation-sensitive
 compiler.warn.has.been.deprecated={1}の{0}は推奨されません
 
 # 0: symbol, 1: symbol
@@ -1809,9 +1829,11 @@ compiler.warn.annotation.method.not.found.reason=タイプ''{0}''内に注釈メ
 compiler.err.cant.attach.type.annotations=タイプ注釈{0}を{1}.{2}に添付できません:\n{3}
 
 # 0: file object, 1: symbol, 2: name
+# lint: classfile
 compiler.warn.unknown.enum.constant=不明な列挙型定数です{1}.{2}
 
 # 0: file object, 1: symbol, 2: name, 3: message segment
+# lint: classfile
 compiler.warn.unknown.enum.constant.reason=不明な列挙型定数です{1}.{2}\n理由: {3}
 
 # 0: type, 1: type
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/compiler_zh_CN.properties b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/compiler_zh_CN.properties
index 900557a29da..befb5f6262d 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/compiler_zh_CN.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/compiler_zh_CN.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -710,7 +710,11 @@ compiler.err.lambda.body.neither.value.nor.void.compatible=lambda 主体不是
 # 0: list of type
 compiler.err.incompatible.thrown.types.in.mref=函数表达式中抛出的类型 {0} 不兼容
 
-compiler.misc.incompatible.arg.types.in.lambda=lambda 表达式中的参数类型不兼容
+# 0: list of type or message segment, 1: list of type or message segment
+compiler.misc.incompatible.arg.types.in.lambda=lambda 表达式中的参数类型不兼容\n需要：{0}\n找到：{1}
+
+# 0: symbol
+compiler.misc.wrong.number.args.in.lambda=函数接口 {0} 的 lambda 表达式中的参数数量错误
 
 compiler.misc.incompatible.arg.types.in.mref=方法引用中的参数类型不兼容
 
@@ -1042,9 +1046,22 @@ compiler.misc.cant.apply.diamond.1=无法推断{0}的类型参数\n原因: {1}
 
 compiler.err.unreachable.stmt=无法访问的语句
 
-compiler.err.not.exhaustive=switch 表达式不包含所有可能的输入值
+compiler.err.not.exhaustive=switch 表达式未涵盖所有可能的输入值
+
+compiler.err.not.exhaustive.statement=switch 语句未涵盖所有可能的输入值
+
+compiler.err.not.exhaustive.details=switch 表达式未涵盖所有可能的输入值\n缺少的模式：
+
+compiler.err.not.exhaustive.statement.details=switch 语句未涵盖所有可能的输入值\n缺少的模式：
+
+# 0: type
+compiler.misc.binding.pattern={0} _
 
-compiler.err.not.exhaustive.statement=并非所有可能的输入值都包含在 switch 语句中
+# 0: type, 1: list of diagnostic
+compiler.misc.record.pattern={0}({1})
+
+# 0: type, 1: name
+compiler.misc.enum.constant.pattern={0}.{1}
 
 compiler.err.initializer.must.be.able.to.complete.normally=初始化程序必须能够正常完成
 
@@ -1213,6 +1230,9 @@ compiler.note.mref.stat=转换方法引用\n替代 metafactory = {0}\n
 # 0: boolean, 1: symbol
 compiler.note.mref.stat.1=转换方法引用\n替代 metafactory = {0}\nbridge 方法 = {1}
 
+# 0: string, 1: string, 2: string, 3: number, 4: string, 5: string, 6: string, 7: string
+compiler.note.lambda.deserialization.stat=正在生成 lambda 反序列化\nfunctionalInterfaceClass：{0}\nfunctionalInterfaceMethodName：{1}\nfunctionalInterfaceMethodSignature：{2}\nimplMethodKind：{3}\nimplClass：{4}\nimplMethodName：{5}\nimplMethodSignature：{6}\ninstantiatedMethodType：{7}
+
 compiler.note.note=注:\u0020
 
 # 0: file name
@@ -1383,7 +1403,7 @@ compiler.warn.incubating.modules=使用 incubating 模块: {0}
 
 # 0: symbol, 1: symbol
 # lint: deprecation
-# flags: aggregate, mandatory, default-enabled
+# flags: aggregate, mandatory, default-enabled, deprecation-sensitive
 compiler.warn.has.been.deprecated={1}中的{0}已过时
 
 # 0: symbol, 1: symbol
@@ -1809,9 +1829,11 @@ compiler.warn.annotation.method.not.found.reason=无法找到类型 ''{0}'' 的
 compiler.err.cant.attach.type.annotations=无法将类型批注 {0} 附加到 {1}.{2}：\n{3}
 
 # 0: file object, 1: symbol, 2: name
+# lint: classfile
 compiler.warn.unknown.enum.constant=未知的枚举常量 {1}.{2}
 
 # 0: file object, 1: symbol, 2: name, 3: message segment
+# lint: classfile
 compiler.warn.unknown.enum.constant.reason=未知的枚举常量 {1}.{2}\n原因: {3}
 
 # 0: type, 1: type
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/javac_ja.properties b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/javac_ja.properties
index 3ae7ab1690e..03b1a7d3350 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/javac_ja.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/javac_ja.properties
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ javac.opt.Xlint=推奨lint警告カテゴリを有効にします。このリリ
 javac.opt.Xlint.all=すべてのlint警告カテゴリを有効にします
 javac.opt.Xlint.none=すべてのlint警告カテゴリを無効にします
 #L10N: do not localize: -Xlint
-javac.opt.arg.Xlint=<key>(,<key>)*
+javac.opt.arg.Xlint=<キー>(,<キー>)*
 javac.opt.Xlint.custom=有効または無効にするLint警告カテゴリ(カンマ区切り)。\n指定されたカテゴリを無効にするには、キーの前に''-''を指定します。サポートされているキーと\nデフォルトで有効になっているカテゴリを表示するには、\n''--help-lint''を使用します。
 javac.opt.Xlint.desc.auxiliaryclass=ソース・ファイルで非表示になっているが他のファイルから使用されている補助クラスについて警告します。
 
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ javac.opt.printProcessorInfo=プロセッサが処理を依頼される注釈に
 javac.opt.userpathsfirst=ブート・クラスパスの後ではなく、ブート・クラスパスの前にクラスのクラスパスおよびソース・パスを検索する
 javac.opt.prefer=暗黙的にコンパイルされるクラスについて、ソース・ファイルとクラス・ファイルの両方が見つかった際どちらを読み込むか指定する
 # L10N: do not localize: ''preview''
-javac.opt.preview=プレビュー言語機能を有効にします。\nまた、''preview'' lintカテゴリも無効にします。\n-sourceまたは--releaseとともに使用されます。
+javac.opt.preview=プレビュー言語機能を有効にします。\nまた、''preview''lintカテゴリも無効にします。\n-sourceまたは--releaseとともに使用されます。
 javac.opt.AT=ファイルからの読取りオプションおよびファイル名
 javac.opt.diags=診断モードの選択
 javac.opt.addExports=<other-module>がALL-UNNAMEDである場合、その定義モジュールから、追加モジュールまたは\n        すべての名前のないモジュールにエクスポート済とみなされるようにパッケージを指定します。
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/javac_zh_CN.properties b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/javac_zh_CN.properties
index 447d0d26239..1d1d7250c86 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/javac_zh_CN.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/javac_zh_CN.properties
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ javac.opt.printProcessorInfo=输出有关请求处理程序处理哪些批注的
 javac.opt.userpathsfirst=在引导类路径之前而不是之后搜索类的类路径和源路径
 javac.opt.prefer=指定读取文件, 当同时找到隐式编译类的源文件和类文件时
 # L10N: do not localize: ''preview''
-javac.opt.preview=启用预览语言功能。\n还禁用''preview''lint 类别。\n要与 -source 或 --release 一起使用。
+javac.opt.preview=启用预览语言功能。\n还禁用 ''preview'' lint 类别。\n要与 -source 或 --release 一起使用。
 javac.opt.AT=从文件读取选项和文件名
 javac.opt.diags=选择诊断模式
 javac.opt.addExports=指定被视为已从其定义模块导出到其他模块或者导出到所有\n        未命名模块 (如果 <other-module> 为 ALL-UNNAMED) 的程序包。
diff --git a/src/jdk.jartool/share/classes/sun/security/tools/jarsigner/resources/jarsigner_zh_CN.properties b/src/jdk.jartool/share/classes/sun/security/tools/jarsigner/resources/jarsigner_zh_CN.properties
index f780bd1f1c3..62ef135cb8a 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jartool/share/classes/sun/security/tools/jarsigner/resources/jarsigner_zh_CN.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jartool/share/classes/sun/security/tools/jarsigner/resources/jarsigner_zh_CN.properties
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ jar.verified.with.signer.errors.=jar 已验证, 但出现签名者错误。
 
 history.with.ts=- 由 "%1$s" 签名\n    摘要算法: %2$s\n    签名算法: %3$s, %4$s\n  由 "%6$s" 于 %5$tc 加时间戳\n    时间戳摘要算法: %7$s\n    时间戳签名算法: %8$s, %9$s
 history.without.ts=- 由 "%1$s" 签名\n    摘要算法: %2$s\n    签名算法: %3$s, %4$s
-history.nonexistent.entries=\    警告：不存在的签名条目：\u0020
+history.nonexistent.entries=\    警告：不存在的签名条目：
 history.unparsable=- 无法解析的与签名相关的文件 %s
 history.nosf=- 缺少与签名相关的文件 META-INF/%s.SF
 history.nobk=- 与签名相关的文件 META-INF/%s.SF 缺少块文件
@@ -119,13 +119,13 @@ key.bit.disabled=%s 密钥（禁用）
 nonexistent.entries.found=此 jar 的文件包含不存在的签名条目。有关更多详细信息，请参见 -verbose 输出。
 external.file.attributes.detected=检测到 POSIX 文件权限和/或 symlink 属性。这些属性在进行签名时会被忽略，不受该签名的保护。
 
-jarsigner.=jarsigner：\u0020
+jarsigner.=jarsigner：
 signature.filename.must.consist.of.the.following.characters.A.Z.0.9.or.=签名文件名必须包含以下字符: A-Z, 0-9, _ 或 -
 unable.to.open.jar.file.=无法打开 jar 文件:\u0020
 unable.to.create.=无法创建:\u0020
-.adding.=\   正在添加：\u0020
-.updating.=\ 正在更新：\u0020
-.signing.=\  正在签名：\u0020
+.adding.=\   正在添加：
+.updating.=\ 正在更新：
+.signing.=\  正在签名：
 attempt.to.rename.signedJarFile.to.jarFile.failed=尝试将{0}重命名为{1}时失败
 attempt.to.rename.jarFile.to.origJar.failed=尝试将{0}重命名为{1}时失败
 unable.to.sign.jar.=无法对 jar 进行签名:\u0020
@@ -156,8 +156,8 @@ no.response.from.the.Timestamping.Authority.=时间戳颁发机构没有响应
 or=或
 Certificate.not.found.for.alias.alias.must.reference.a.valid.KeyStore.entry.containing.an.X.509.public.key.certificate.for.the=找不到{0}的证书。{1}必须引用包含时间戳颁发机构的 X.509 公共密钥证书的有效密钥库条目。
 entry.was.signed.on=条目的签名日期为 {0}
-Warning.=警告：\u0020
-Error.=错误：\u0020
+Warning.=警告：
+Error.=错误：
 ...Signer=>>> 签名者
 ...TSA=>>> TSA
 trusted.certificate=可信证书
diff --git a/src/jdk.jartool/share/classes/sun/tools/jar/resources/jar_de.properties b/src/jdk.jartool/share/classes/sun/tools/jar/resources/jar_de.properties
index 292ec9c963d..2b4c8c27261 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jartool/share/classes/sun/tools/jar/resources/jar_de.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jartool/share/classes/sun/tools/jar/resources/jar_de.properties
@@ -82,6 +82,8 @@ error.validator.info.version.notequal={0}: module-info.class in einem versionier
 error.validator.info.manclass.notequal={0}: module-info.class in einem versionierten Verzeichnis enthält unterschiedlichen "main-class"-Wert
 error.validator.metainf.wrong.position=Eintrag META-INF/ an Position 0 erwartet, aber an Position {0} gefunden
 error.validator.manifest.wrong.position=Eintrag META-INF/MANIFEST.MF an Position 0 oder 1 erwartet, aber an Position {0} gefunden
+error.validator.manifest.invalid.automatic.module.name=Ungültiger Modulname des "Automatic-Module-Name"-Eintrags in Manifest: {0}
+error.validator.manifest.inconsistent.automatic.module.name=Es wird erwartet, dass der "Automatic-Module-Name"-Eintrag in Manifest "{0}" mit dem Namen des kompilierten Moduls "{1}" übereinstimmt
 warn.validator.identical.entry=Warnung: Eintrag {0} enthält eine Klasse, die mit\neinem bereits in der JAR-Datei enthaltenen Eintrag identisch ist
 warn.validator.resources.with.same.name=Warnung: Eintrag {0}, mehrere Ressourcen mit demselben Namen
 warn.validator.concealed.public.class=Warnung: Eintrag {0} ist eine öffentliche Klasse\nin einem verdeckten Package. Wenn Sie diese JAR-Datei in den Classpath einfügen, kommt es\nzu nicht kompatiblen öffentlichen Schnittstellen
diff --git a/src/jdk.jartool/share/classes/sun/tools/jar/resources/jar_ja.properties b/src/jdk.jartool/share/classes/sun/tools/jar/resources/jar_ja.properties
index 0d0f91ad791..4ea0130846d 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jartool/share/classes/sun/tools/jar/resources/jar_ja.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jartool/share/classes/sun/tools/jar/resources/jar_ja.properties
@@ -82,6 +82,8 @@ error.validator.info.version.notequal={0}: バージョニングされたディ
 error.validator.info.manclass.notequal={0}: バージョニングされたディレクトリのmodule-info.classに異なる"main-class"が含まれています
 error.validator.metainf.wrong.position=エントリMETA-INF/は0の位置にある必要がありますが、見つかりました: {0}
 error.validator.manifest.wrong.position=エントリMETA-INF/MANIFEST.MFは0または1の位置にある必要がありますが、位置: {0}で見つかりました
+error.validator.manifest.invalid.automatic.module.name=マニフェスト内のAutomatic-Module-Nameエントリのモジュール名が無効です: {0}
+error.validator.manifest.inconsistent.automatic.module.name=マニフェスト内のAutomatic-Module-Nameエントリ: {0}は、コンパイル済モジュールの名前と一致する必要があります: {1}
 warn.validator.identical.entry=警告 : エントリ{0}には、jarにすでに存在する\nエントリと同じクラスが含まれます
 warn.validator.resources.with.same.name=警告 : エントリ{0}、同じ名前を持つ複数のリソース
 warn.validator.concealed.public.class=警告 : エントリ{0}は、隠しパッケージ内のpublicクラスです。\nクラスパスにこのjarを配置すると、互換性のない\npublicインタフェースが生成されます
diff --git a/src/jdk.jartool/share/classes/sun/tools/jar/resources/jar_zh_CN.properties b/src/jdk.jartool/share/classes/sun/tools/jar/resources/jar_zh_CN.properties
index 41833d28bfc..0eedd48e05d 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jartool/share/classes/sun/tools/jar/resources/jar_zh_CN.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jartool/share/classes/sun/tools/jar/resources/jar_zh_CN.properties
@@ -82,6 +82,8 @@ error.validator.info.version.notequal={0}: 版本化目录中的 module-info.cla
 error.validator.info.manclass.notequal={0}: 版本化目录中的 module-info.class 包含不同的 "main-class"
 error.validator.metainf.wrong.position=条目 META-INF/ 应位于位置 0 处，但发现：{0}
 error.validator.manifest.wrong.position=条目 META-INF/MANIFEST.MF 应位于位置 0 或 1 处，但发现该条目位于位置 {0} 处
+error.validator.manifest.invalid.automatic.module.name=清单 {0} 中 Automatic-Module-Name 条目的模块名称无效
+error.validator.manifest.inconsistent.automatic.module.name=需要清单 {0} 中的 Automatic-Module-Name 条目才能与已编译模块 {1} 的名称匹配
 warn.validator.identical.entry=警告: 条目 {0} 包含与 jar 中的\n现有条目相同的类
 warn.validator.resources.with.same.name=警告: 条目 {0}, 多个资源具有相同名称
 warn.validator.concealed.public.class=警告: 条目 {0} 是已隐藏程序包中的\n公共类, 将此 jar 放置在类路径中\n将导致公共接口不兼容
diff --git a/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/standard_de.properties b/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/standard_de.properties
index a380b29d553..999d11bed3d 100644
--- a/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/standard_de.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/standard_de.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2010, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2010, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -178,7 +178,8 @@ doclet.Inheritance_Tree=Vererbungsbaum
 doclet.DefinedIn=Definiert in
 doclet.ReferencedIn=Referenziert in
 doclet.External_Specifications=Externe Spezifikationen
-doclet.External_Specifications.All_Specifications=Alle Spezifikationen
+doclet.External_Specifications.by-host=Spezifikationen nach Hostnamen anzeigen:
+doclet.External_Specifications.all-hosts=Alle Hostnamen
 doclet.External_Specifications.no-host=Lokal
 doclet.Specification=Spezifikation
 doclet.Summary_Page=Zusammenfassung (Seite)
@@ -388,7 +389,7 @@ doclet.usage.version.description=@version-Absätze aufnehmen
 
 doclet.usage.author.description=@author-Absätze aufnehmen
 
-doclet.usage.docfilessubdirs.description=Ermöglicht Deep Copying von "doc-files"-Verzeichnissen. Unterverzeichnisse und alle\nInhalte werden rekursiv in das Ziel kopiert
+doclet.usage.docfilessubdirs.description=Die Option "-docfilessubdirs" ist nicht mehr erforderlich und\nwird möglicherweise in einem zukünftigen Release entfernt.
 
 doclet.usage.splitindex.description=Index in eine Datei pro Buchstabe aufteilen
 
@@ -432,7 +433,7 @@ doclet.usage.link-platform-properties.parameters=< URL>
 doclet.usage.link-platform-properties.description=Link zu Plattformdokumentations-URLs, die in der Eigenschaftendatei auf <URL> deklariert sind
 
 doclet.usage.excludedocfilessubdir.parameters=<name>,<name>,...
-doclet.usage.excludedocfilessubdir.description=Schließen Sie alle "doc-files"-Unterverzeichnisse mit einem angegebenen Namen aus.\n":" kann überall im Argument als Trennzeichen verwendet werden.
+doclet.usage.excludedocfilessubdir.description=Schließen Sie alle "doc-files"-Unterverzeichnisse mit dem angegebenen Namen aus.\nVerwenden Sie "*", um alle Unterverzeichnisse auszuschließen. ":" kann\nüberall im Argument als Trennzeichen verwendet werden.
 
 doclet.usage.group.parameters=<name> <g1>,<g2>...
 doclet.usage.group.description=Angegebene Packages oder Module auf Überblickseite gruppieren.\n":" kann überall im Argument als Trennzeichen verwendet werden.
@@ -544,4 +545,7 @@ doclet.NoFrames_specified=Die Option --no-frames wird nicht mehr benötigt und w
 # L10N: do not localize the option name -footer
 doclet.footer_specified=Die Option -footer wird nicht mehr unterstützt und wird ignoriert.\nSie wird möglicherweise in einem zukünftigen Release entfernt.
 
+# L10N: do not localize the option name -docfilessubdirs
+doclet.docfilessubdirs_specified=Hinweis: Die Option "-docfilessubdirs" ist nicht mehr erforderlich und\nwird möglicherweise in einem zukünftigen Release entfernt.
+
 doclet.selectModule=Wählen Sie das Modul aus, in dem gesucht werden soll.
diff --git a/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/standard_ja.properties b/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/standard_ja.properties
index 69cdc862b4c..c4b8b1e099c 100644
--- a/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/standard_ja.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/standard_ja.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2010, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2010, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -178,7 +178,8 @@ doclet.Inheritance_Tree=継承ツリー
 doclet.DefinedIn=定義先
 doclet.ReferencedIn=参照
 doclet.External_Specifications=外部仕様
-doclet.External_Specifications.All_Specifications=すべての仕様
+doclet.External_Specifications.by-host=ホスト名別に仕様を表示:
+doclet.External_Specifications.all-hosts=すべてのホスト名
 doclet.External_Specifications.no-host=ローカル
 doclet.Specification=仕様
 doclet.Summary_Page=サマリー・ページ
@@ -388,7 +389,7 @@ doclet.usage.version.description=@versionパラグラフを含めます
 
 doclet.usage.author.description=@authorパラグラフを含めます
 
-doclet.usage.docfilessubdirs.description='doc-files'ディレクトリのディープ・コピーを有効にします。\n宛先には、サブディレクトリとそのすべて内容が再帰的にコピーされます
+doclet.usage.docfilessubdirs.description=-docfilessubdirsオプションは必須ではなくなり、\n将来のリリースで削除される可能性があります。
 
 doclet.usage.splitindex.description=1字ごとに1ファイルに索引を分割します
 
@@ -432,7 +433,7 @@ doclet.usage.link-platform-properties.parameters=<url>
 doclet.usage.link-platform-properties.description=<url>にあるプロパティ・ファイルで宣言されているプラットフォーム・ドキュメントのURLにリンクします
 
 doclet.usage.excludedocfilessubdir.parameters=<name>,<name>,...
-doclet.usage.excludedocfilessubdir.description=指定された名前の'doc-files'サブディレクトリをすべて除外します。\n':'も、セパレータとして引数の任意の場所に使用できます。
+doclet.usage.excludedocfilessubdir.description=指定された名前の'doc-files'サブディレクトリをすべて除外します。\nすべてのサブディレクトリを除外するには'*'を使用します。':'も、セパレータ\nとして引数の任意の場所に使用できます。
 
 doclet.usage.group.parameters=<name> <g1>,<g2>...
 doclet.usage.group.description=指定するパッケージまたはモジュールを概要ページにおいてグループ化します。\n':'も、セパレータとして引数の任意の場所に使用できます。
@@ -544,4 +545,7 @@ doclet.NoFrames_specified=--no-framesオプションは必須ではなくなり
 # L10N: do not localize the option name -footer
 doclet.footer_specified=-footerオプションはサポートされなくなったため、無視されます。\n将来のリリースで削除される可能性があります。
 
+# L10N: do not localize the option name -docfilessubdirs
+doclet.docfilessubdirs_specified=ノート: -docfilessubdirsオプションは必須ではなくなり、\n将来のリリースで削除される可能性があります。
+
 doclet.selectModule=検索するモジュールを選択します。
diff --git a/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/standard_zh_CN.properties b/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/standard_zh_CN.properties
index b3a0a3a1197..f1e14ebedd8 100644
--- a/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/standard_zh_CN.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/standard_zh_CN.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2010, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2010, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -178,7 +178,8 @@ doclet.Inheritance_Tree=继承树
 doclet.DefinedIn=定义位置
 doclet.ReferencedIn=参考位置
 doclet.External_Specifications=外部规范
-doclet.External_Specifications.All_Specifications=所有规范
+doclet.External_Specifications.by-host=按主机名显示规范：
+doclet.External_Specifications.all-hosts=所有主机名
 doclet.External_Specifications.no-host=本地
 doclet.Specification=规范
 doclet.Summary_Page=概要页
@@ -388,7 +389,7 @@ doclet.usage.version.description=包含 @version 段
 
 doclet.usage.author.description=包含 @author 段
 
-doclet.usage.docfilessubdirs.description=启用对 'doc-files' 目录的深层复制。\n子目录和所有内容将递归复制到目标
+doclet.usage.docfilessubdirs.description=-docfilessubdirs 选项不再是必需的，可能\n会在未来发行版中删除此选项。
 
 doclet.usage.splitindex.description=将索引分为每个字母对应一个文件
 
@@ -432,7 +433,7 @@ doclet.usage.link-platform-properties.parameters=<url>
 doclet.usage.link-platform-properties.description=链接到位于 <url> 的属性文件中声明的平台文档 URL
 
 doclet.usage.excludedocfilessubdir.parameters=<name>,<name>,...
-doclet.usage.excludedocfilessubdir.description=排除包含给定名称的所有 'doc-files' 子目录。\n还可以将 ':' 作为分隔符用于参数中的任何位置。
+doclet.usage.excludedocfilessubdir.description=排除包含给定名称的所有 'doc-files' 子目录。\n使用 '*' 排除所有子目录。还可以将 ':' 作为\n分隔符用于参数中的任何位置。
 
 doclet.usage.group.parameters=<name> <g1>,<g2>...
 doclet.usage.group.description=在概览页面中将指定程序包或模块归到一组。\n还可以将 ':' 作为分隔符用于参数中的任何位置。
@@ -544,4 +545,7 @@ doclet.NoFrames_specified=--no-frames 选项不再是必需的，可能\n会在
 # L10N: do not localize the option name -footer
 doclet.footer_specified=-footer 选项不再受支持并将被忽略。\n可能会在未来发行版中删除此选项。
 
+# L10N: do not localize the option name -docfilessubdirs
+doclet.docfilessubdirs_specified=注：-docfilessubdirs 选项不再是必需的，可能\n会在未来发行版中删除此选项。
+
 doclet.selectModule=选择要在其中搜索的模块。
diff --git a/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/toolkit/resources/doclets_de.properties b/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/toolkit/resources/doclets_de.properties
index a6dbf050bf3..7f262141961 100644
--- a/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/toolkit/resources/doclets_de.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/toolkit/resources/doclets_de.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2010, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2010, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -318,8 +318,10 @@ doclet.search.many_results={0} Ergebnisse gefunden
 doclet.search.loading=Suchindex wird geladen...
 doclet.search.searching=Suche wird ausgeführt...
 doclet.search.redirecting=Zum ersten Ergebnis wird umgeleitet...
-# {0} is a select input containing all_modules message below and module names
-doclet.search.in=in {0}
+# Used as label for the search input field
+doclet.search.for=Suchen nach
+# Used as label for the module select control which defaults to doclet.search.all_modules
+doclet.search.in_modules=in
 doclet.search.all_modules=allen Modulen
 doclet.search.modules=Module
 doclet.search.packages=Packages
@@ -327,7 +329,8 @@ doclet.search.classes_and_interfaces=Klassen und Schnittstellen
 doclet.search.types=Typen
 doclet.search.members=Mitglieder
 doclet.search.search_tags=Tags suchen
-doclet.search.linkSearchPageLabel=Gehe zur Suchseite
+doclet.search.linkSearchPageLabel=Suchseite
+doclet.search.linkSearchHelpLabel=Hilfe durchsuchen
 
 doclet.snippet.contents.none=@snippet gibt keinen Inhalt an
 
diff --git a/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/toolkit/resources/doclets_ja.properties b/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/toolkit/resources/doclets_ja.properties
index 1970203da38..10282979ee4 100644
--- a/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/toolkit/resources/doclets_ja.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/toolkit/resources/doclets_ja.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2010, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2010, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -318,8 +318,10 @@ doclet.search.many_results={0}の結果が見つかりました
 doclet.search.loading=検索索引をロード中...
 doclet.search.searching=検索中...
 doclet.search.redirecting=最初の結果にリダイレクト中...
-# {0} is a select input containing all_modules message below and module names
-doclet.search.in={0}内
+# Used as label for the search input field
+doclet.search.for=検索対象
+# Used as label for the module select control which defaults to doclet.search.all_modules
+doclet.search.in_modules=対象
 doclet.search.all_modules=すべてのモジュール
 doclet.search.modules=モジュール
 doclet.search.packages=パッケージ
@@ -327,7 +329,8 @@ doclet.search.classes_and_interfaces=クラスとインタフェース
 doclet.search.types=タイプ
 doclet.search.members=メンバー
 doclet.search.search_tags=タグの検索
-doclet.search.linkSearchPageLabel=検索ページに移動します
+doclet.search.linkSearchPageLabel=検索ページ
+doclet.search.linkSearchHelpLabel=検索ヘルプ
 
 doclet.snippet.contents.none=@snippetにコンテンツが指定されていません
 
diff --git a/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/toolkit/resources/doclets_zh_CN.properties b/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/toolkit/resources/doclets_zh_CN.properties
index 62e51c2c1c4..cde88e840db 100644
--- a/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/toolkit/resources/doclets_zh_CN.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/toolkit/resources/doclets_zh_CN.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2010, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2010, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -318,8 +318,10 @@ doclet.search.many_results=找到 {0} 个结果
 doclet.search.loading=正在加载搜索索引...
 doclet.search.searching=正在搜索...
 doclet.search.redirecting=正在重定向到第一个结果...
-# {0} is a select input containing all_modules message below and module names
-doclet.search.in=在 {0} 中
+# Used as label for the search input field
+doclet.search.for=搜索
+# Used as label for the module select control which defaults to doclet.search.all_modules
+doclet.search.in_modules=位于
 doclet.search.all_modules=全部模块
 doclet.search.modules=模块
 doclet.search.packages=程序包
@@ -327,7 +329,8 @@ doclet.search.classes_and_interfaces=类和接口
 doclet.search.types=类型
 doclet.search.members=成员
 doclet.search.search_tags=搜索标记
-doclet.search.linkSearchPageLabel=转至搜索页
+doclet.search.linkSearchPageLabel=搜索页
+doclet.search.linkSearchHelpLabel=搜索帮助
 
 doclet.snippet.contents.none=@snippet 未指定内容
 
diff --git a/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jimage/resources/jimage_de.properties b/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jimage/resources/jimage_de.properties
index 62bfd36181f..547bc591bbd 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jimage/resources/jimage_de.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jimage/resources/jimage_de.properties
@@ -54,15 +54,18 @@ main.command.files=\       @<filename>                  Liest Optionen aus der D
 
 main.opt.footer=\nBei Optionen, die eine <Musterliste> erfordern, ist der Wert eine durch Komma getrennte\nListe von Elementen, die jeweils eines der folgenden Formate verwenden:\n  <Glob-Muster>\n  glob:<Glob-Muster>\n  regex:<Regex-Muster>
 
-
-
 err.not.a.task=Aufgabe muss einen der folgenden Werte aufweisen: <extract | info | list | verify>: {0}
 err.missing.arg=kein Wert angegeben für {0}
 err.ambiguous.arg=Wert für Option {0} beginnt mit "--", aber muss das Format {0}=<Wert> verwenden
 err.not.a.dir=Kein Verzeichnis: {0}
 err.not.a.jimage=Keine jimage-Datei: {0}
-err.invalid.jimage={0} kann nicht geöffnet werden: {1}
 err.no.jimage=Kein jimage angegeben
 err.option.unsupported={0} nicht unterstützt: {1}
 err.unknown.option=unbekannte Option: {0}
 err.cannot.create.dir=Verzeichnis {0} kann nicht erstellt werden
+
+# General failure to open a jimage file.
+# {0} = path of jimage file, {1} = underlying error message
+err.invalid.jimage={0} kann nicht geöffnet werden: {1}
+# More specific alternative for cases of version mismatch
+err.wrong.version={0} kann nicht geöffnet werden: Nicht übereinstimmende Datei- und Toolversion\nVerwenden Sie "<JAVA_HOME>/bin/jimage" für das JDK, das mit der jimage-Datei verknüpft ist:\n{1}
diff --git a/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jimage/resources/jimage_ja.properties b/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jimage/resources/jimage_ja.properties
index 7ab6d7f655f..461154b9cc2 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jimage/resources/jimage_ja.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jimage/resources/jimage_ja.properties
@@ -54,15 +54,18 @@ main.command.files=\       @<filename>                  ファイルからオプ
 
 main.opt.footer=\n<pattern-list>を必要とするオプションの場合、値は、次の形式のいずれかを使用する、\n要素のカンマ区切りリストになります:\n  <glob-pattern>\n  glob:<glob-pattern>\n  regex:<regex-pattern>
 
-
-
 err.not.a.task=タスクは<extract | info | list | verify>のいずれかである必要があります: {0}
 err.missing.arg={0}に値が指定されていません
 err.ambiguous.arg=オプション{0}の値が"--"で始まっています。{0}=<value>形式を使用する必要があります
 err.not.a.dir=ディレクトリではありません: {0}
 err.not.a.jimage=jimageファイルではありません: {0}
-err.invalid.jimage={0}を開けません: {1}
 err.no.jimage=jimageが提供されていません
 err.option.unsupported={0}はサポートされていません: {1}
 err.unknown.option=不明なオプション: {0}
 err.cannot.create.dir=ディレクトリ{0}を作成できません
+
+# General failure to open a jimage file.
+# {0} = path of jimage file, {1} = underlying error message
+err.invalid.jimage={0}を開けません: {1}
+# More specific alternative for cases of version mismatch
+err.wrong.version={0}を開けません: ファイルとツールのバージョンが一致していません\njimageファイルに関連付けられたJDKの''<JAVA_HOME>/bin/jimage''を使用してください:\n{1}
diff --git a/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jimage/resources/jimage_zh_CN.properties b/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jimage/resources/jimage_zh_CN.properties
index 37954b9b743..19ca8617a0a 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jimage/resources/jimage_zh_CN.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jimage/resources/jimage_zh_CN.properties
@@ -54,15 +54,18 @@ main.command.files=\       @<文件名>                           从文件中
 
 main.opt.footer=\n对于需要 <pattern-list> 的选项，值将为逗号分隔的元素列表，\n每个元素使用以下格式之一：\n  <glob-pattern>\n  glob:<glob-pattern>\n  regex:<regex-pattern>
 
-
-
 err.not.a.task=任务必须是 <extract | info | list | verify> 之一：{0}
 err.missing.arg=没有为{0}指定值
 err.ambiguous.arg=选项 {0} 的值以 "--" 开头，应使用 {0}=<value> 格式
 err.not.a.dir=不是目录：{0}
 err.not.a.jimage=不是 jimage 文件：{0}
-err.invalid.jimage=无法打开 {0}： {1}
 err.no.jimage=未提供 jimage
 err.option.unsupported=不支持{0}: {1}
 err.unknown.option=未知选项: {0}
 err.cannot.create.dir=无法创建目录 {0}
+
+# General failure to open a jimage file.
+# {0} = path of jimage file, {1} = underlying error message
+err.invalid.jimage=无法打开 {0}： {1}
+# More specific alternative for cases of version mismatch
+err.wrong.version=无法打开 {0}：文件和工具版本不匹配\n请为与 jimage 文件关联的 JDK 使用 ''<JAVA_HOME>/bin/jimage''：\n{1}
diff --git a/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jlink/resources/plugins_ja.properties b/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jlink/resources/plugins_ja.properties
index a5dc70061f6..54620d1ff26 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jlink/resources/plugins_ja.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jlink/resources/plugins_ja.properties
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ compress.argument=<zip-'{0-9}'>[:filter=<pattern-list>]
 
 compress.description= リソースの圧縮に使用する圧縮。
 
-compress.usage=\  --compress <compress>     リソースの圧縮に使用する圧縮:\n                            使用可能な値は\n                            zip-'{0-9}'です。zip-0では圧縮は行われず、\n                            zip-9では最適な圧縮が行われます。\n                            デフォルトはzip-6です。
+compress.usage=\  --compress <圧縮>     リソースの圧縮に使用する圧縮:\n                            使用可能な値は\n                            zip-'{0-9}'です。zip-0では圧縮は行われず、\n                            zip-9では最適な圧縮が行われます。\n                            デフォルトはzip-6です。
 
 compress.warn.argumentdeprecated=警告:  --compressの{0}引数は非推奨であり、今後のリリースで削除される可能性があります
 
diff --git a/src/jdk.jpackage/linux/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/LinuxResources_de.properties b/src/jdk.jpackage/linux/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/LinuxResources_de.properties
index 345ed36b7be..5a0d6df3950 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jpackage/linux/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/LinuxResources_de.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jpackage/linux/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/LinuxResources_de.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,6 +36,9 @@ resource.menu-icon=Menüsymbol
 resource.rpm-spec-file=RPM-Spezifikationsdatei
 resource.systemd-unit-file=systemd-Einheitsdatei
 
+summary.property.linux-package-name=Packagename
+summary.property.linux-required-packages-search=Suche nach erforderlichen Packages
+
 error.tool-not-found.advice=Installieren Sie die erforderlichen Packages
 error.tool-old-version.advice=Installieren Sie die erforderlichen Packages
 
@@ -49,19 +52,12 @@ error.rpm-arch-not-detected="RPM-Architektur konnte nicht erkannt werden"
 
 message.icon-not-png=Das angegebene Symbol "{0}" ist keine PNG-Datei und wird nicht verwendet. Stattdessen wird das Standardsymbol verwendet.
 message.test-for-tool=Test für [{0}]. Ergebnis: {1}
-message.outputting-to-location=DEB für Installationsprogramm wird generiert in: {0}.
-message.output-to-location=Package (.deb) gespeichert in: {0}.
 message.debs-like-licenses=Debian-Packages müssen eine Lizenz angeben. Bei fehlender Lizenz geben einige Linux-Distributionen eine Meldung über eine Beeinträchtigung der Anwendungsqualität aus.
-message.outputting-bundle-location=RPM für Installationsprogramm wird generiert in: {0}.
-message.output-bundle-location=Package (.rpm) gespeichert in: {0}.
 
 message.ldd-not-available=ldd-Befehl nicht gefunden. Packageabhängigkeiten werden nicht generiert.
 message.deb-ldd-not-available.advice=Installieren Sie das DEB-Package "libc-bin", um ldd abzurufen.
 message.rpm-ldd-not-available.advice=Installieren Sie das RPM-Package "glibc-common", um ldd abzurufen.
 
-warning.foreign-app-image=Warnung: app-image-Verzeichnis wurde von jpackage nicht generiert.
-message.not-default-bundler-no-dependencies-lookup={0} ist nicht der Standardpackagetyp. Packageabhängigkeiten werden nicht generiert.
-
-error.unexpected-package-property=Erwarteter Wert der Eigenschaft "{0}": [{1}]. Tatsächlicher Wert in Ausgabepackage: [{2}]. Anscheinend enthielt die benutzerdefinierte Datei "{3}" aus dem Ressourcenverzeichnis einen hartcodierten Wert der Eigenschaft "{0}"
+error.unexpected-package-property=Der erwartete Wert der Eigenschaft "{0}" ist [{1}]. Der tatsächliche Wert im Ausgabepackage ist [{2}]. Anscheinend ist der Wert der Eigenschaft "{0}" in der Datei "{3}" im Ressourcenverzeichnis hartcodiert
 error.unexpected-package-property.advice=Verwenden Sie die Musterzeichenfolge [{0}] anstelle des hartcodierten Wertes [{1}] der {2}-Eigenschaft in der benutzerdefinierten Datei "{3}"
-error.unexpected-default-package-property.advice=Legen Sie den Wert der {0}-Eigenschaft in der benutzerdefinierten Datei "{1}" nicht explizit fest
+error.unexpected-default-package-property.advice=Legen Sie den Wert der Eigenschaft "{0}" in der benutzerdefinierten Datei "{1}" nicht explizit fest
diff --git a/src/jdk.jpackage/linux/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/LinuxResources_ja.properties b/src/jdk.jpackage/linux/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/LinuxResources_ja.properties
index d0bc4f73407..472c575ba1f 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jpackage/linux/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/LinuxResources_ja.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jpackage/linux/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/LinuxResources_ja.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,6 +36,9 @@ resource.menu-icon=メニュー・アイコン
 resource.rpm-spec-file=RPM仕様ファイル
 resource.systemd-unit-file=systemdユニット・ファイル
 
+summary.property.linux-package-name=パッケージ名
+summary.property.linux-required-packages-search=必要なパッケージの検索
+
 error.tool-not-found.advice=必要なパッケージをインストールしてください
 error.tool-old-version.advice=必要なパッケージをインストールしてください
 
@@ -49,19 +52,12 @@ error.rpm-arch-not-detected="RPM archの検出に失敗しました"
 
 message.icon-not-png=指定したアイコン"{0}"はPNGファイルではなく、使用されません。デフォルト・アイコンがその位置に使用されます。
 message.test-for-tool=[{0}]のテスト。結果: {1}
-message.outputting-to-location=インストーラのDEBを次に生成しています: {0}
-message.output-to-location=パッケージ(.deb)は次に保存されました: {0}
 message.debs-like-licenses=Debianパッケージではライセンスを指定する必要があります。ライセンスがない場合、一部のLinuxディストリビューションでアプリケーションの品質に問題が発生する場合があります。
-message.outputting-bundle-location=インストーラのRPMを次に生成しています: {0}
-message.output-bundle-location=パッケージ(.rpm)は次に保存されました: {0}
 
 message.ldd-not-available=lddコマンドが見つかりませんでした。パッケージ依存性は生成されません。
 message.deb-ldd-not-available.advice="libc-bin" DEBパッケージをインストールしてlddを取得します。
 message.rpm-ldd-not-available.advice="glibc-common" RPMパッケージをインストールしてlddを取得します。
 
-warning.foreign-app-image=警告: app-imageディレクトリはjpackageで生成されません。
-message.not-default-bundler-no-dependencies-lookup={0}はデフォルトのパッケージ・タイプではありません。パッケージの依存性は生成されません。
-
-error.unexpected-package-property="{0}"プロパティに必要な値は[{1}]です。出力パッケージの実際の値は[{2}]です。リソース・ディレクトリのカスタム"{3}"ファイルには、"{0}"プロパティのハードコードされた値が含まれているようです
+error.unexpected-package-property="{0}"プロパティの予期される値は[{1}]です。出力パッケージの実際の値は[{2}]です。"{0}"プロパティの値が、リソース・ディレクトリの"{3}"ファイルにハードコードされているようです
 error.unexpected-package-property.advice=カスタム"{3}"ファイルで{2}プロパティのハードコードされた値[{1}]ではなく、[{0}]パターン文字列を使用してください
-error.unexpected-default-package-property.advice=カスタム"{1}"ファイルで{0}プロパティの値を明示的に設定しないでください
+error.unexpected-default-package-property.advice=カスタム"{1}"ファイルで"{0}"プロパティの値を明示的に設定しないでください
diff --git a/src/jdk.jpackage/linux/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/LinuxResources_zh_CN.properties b/src/jdk.jpackage/linux/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/LinuxResources_zh_CN.properties
index f3d62675c4d..00efdc378af 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jpackage/linux/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/LinuxResources_zh_CN.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jpackage/linux/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/LinuxResources_zh_CN.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,6 +36,9 @@ resource.menu-icon=菜单图标
 resource.rpm-spec-file=RPM 规范文件
 resource.systemd-unit-file=systemd 单元文件
 
+summary.property.linux-package-name=程序包名称
+summary.property.linux-required-packages-search=所需的程序包搜索
+
 error.tool-not-found.advice=请安装所需的程序包
 error.tool-old-version.advice=请安装所需的程序包
 
@@ -49,19 +52,12 @@ error.rpm-arch-not-detected="无法检测 RPM 体系结构"
 
 message.icon-not-png=指定的图标 "{0}" 不是 PNG 文件, 不会使用。将使用默认图标代替。
 message.test-for-tool=[{0}] 的测试。结果: {1}
-message.outputting-to-location=正在为安装程序生成 DEB, 位置: {0}。
-message.output-to-location=程序包 (.deb) 已保存到: {0}。
 message.debs-like-licenses=Debian 程序包应指定许可证。缺少许可证将导致某些 Linux 分发投诉应用程序质量。
-message.outputting-bundle-location=正在为安装程序生成 RPM, 位置: {0}。
-message.output-bundle-location=程序包 (.rpm) 已保存到: {0}。
 
 message.ldd-not-available=未找到 ldd 命令。将不生成程序包被依赖对象。
 message.deb-ldd-not-available.advice=安装 "libc-bin" DEB 程序包以获取 ldd。
 message.rpm-ldd-not-available.advice=安装 "glibc-common" RPM 程序包以获取 ldd。
 
-warning.foreign-app-image=警告：jpackage 未生成 app-image 目录。
-message.not-default-bundler-no-dependencies-lookup={0} 不是默认程序包类型。将不生成程序包被依赖对象。
-
-error.unexpected-package-property="{0}" 属性的预期值为 [{1}]。输出程序包中的实际值为 [{2}]。与定制的 "{3}" 文件相似，该文件所在的资源目录中包含 "{0}" 属性的硬编码值
+error.unexpected-package-property="{0}" 属性的预期值为 [{1}]。输出程序包中的实际值为 [{2}]。"{0}" 属性的值似乎是在资源目录的 "{3}" 文件中进行了硬编码
 error.unexpected-package-property.advice=在定制的 "{3}" 文件中使用 [{0}] 模式字符串，而非 {2} 属性的硬编码值 [{1}]
-error.unexpected-default-package-property.advice=请勿在定制的 "{1}" 文件中显式设置 {0} 属性的值
+error.unexpected-default-package-property.advice=请勿在定制的 "{1}" 文件中显式设置 "{0}" 属性的值
diff --git a/src/jdk.jpackage/macosx/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MacResources_de.properties b/src/jdk.jpackage/macosx/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MacResources_de.properties
index 02e8c029ec6..973249c7016 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jpackage/macosx/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MacResources_de.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jpackage/macosx/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MacResources_de.properties
@@ -23,17 +23,19 @@
 # questions.
 #
 #
-error.invalid-cfbundle-version.advice=Legen Sie einen kompatiblen Wert für "app-version" fest. Gültige Versionsnummern sind ein bis drei durch Punkte getrennte Ganzzahlen.
-error.explicit-sign-no-cert=Signatur wurde explizit angefordert, doch es wurde kein Signaturzertifikat gefunden
-error.explicit-sign-no-cert.advice=Geben Sie gültige Werte für mac-signing-key-user-name und mac-signing-keychain an
-error.certificate.expired=Zertifikat abgelaufen {0}
+error.invalid-cfbundle-version.advice=Legen Sie einen kompatiblen Wert für "app-version" fest. Die gültige Version ist eine Zeichenfolge, die aus nicht negativen, durch Punkte getrennten Ganzzahlen besteht.
+error.certificate.outside-validity-period=Das Zertifikat "{0}" liegt außerhalb seines Gültigkeitszeitraums
 error.cert.not.found=Kein Zertifikat gefunden, das [{0}] mit Schlüsselbund [{1}] entspricht
 error.multiple.certs.found=Mehrere Zertifikate mit Namen [{0}] in Schlüsselbund [{1}] gefunden
 error.app-image.mac-sign.required=Die Option --mac-sign ist mit einem vordefinierten Anwendungsimage und Typ [app-image] erforderlich
-error.tool.failed.with.output="{0}" war mit folgender Ausgabe nicht erfolgreich:
 error.invalid-runtime-image-missing-file=Im Laufzeitimage "{0}" fehlt die Datei "{1}"
+error.invalid-app-image-runtime-image-bin-dir=Laufzeitverzeichnis {0} im vordefinierten Anwendungsimage [{1}] darf nicht den Ordner "bin" enthalten
 error.invalid-runtime-image-bin-dir=Laufzeitimage "{0}" darf keinen Ordner "bin" enthalten
 error.invalid-runtime-image-bin-dir.advice=Verwenden Sie die jlink-Option --strip-native-commands, wenn das Laufzeitimage mit Option {0} generiert wird
+error.invalid-app-image-plist-file=Ungültige Datei "{0}" im vordefinierten Anwendungsimage
+error.invalid-derived-bundle-identifier=Es kann keine gültige Bundle-ID von den Eingabedaten abgeleitet werden
+error.invalid-derived-bundle-identifier.advice=Geben Sie die Bundle-ID mit der Option "--mac-package-identifier" an
+
 resource.app-info-plist=Info.plist der Anwendung
 resource.app-runtime-info-plist=Eingebettete Info.plist von Java Runtime
 resource.runtime-info-plist=Info.plist von Java Runtime
@@ -51,30 +53,27 @@ resource.pkg-background-image=PKG-Hintergrundbild
 resource.pkg-pdf=Projektdefinitionsdatei
 resource.launchd-plist-file=launchd-PLIST-Datei
 
-message.bundle-name-too-long-warning={0} ist auf "{1}" gesetzt. Dies ist länger als 16 Zeichen. Kürzen Sie den Wert, um die Mac-Nutzungserfahrung zu verbessern.
+summary.property.mac-bundle-identifier=CFBundleIdentifier
+summary.property.mac-bundle-name=CFBundleName
+summary.property.mac-sign-app-image.format={0} im Verzeichnis "{1}" signieren
+
+warning.bundle-name-too-long-warning=Bundle-Name "{0}" ist länger als 16 Zeichen. Kürzen Sie den Wert, um die Mac-Nutzungserfahrung zu verbessern.
 message.preparing-info-plist=Info.plist wird vorbereitet: {0}.
 message.icon-not-icns= Das angegebene Symbol "{0}" ist keine ICNS-Datei und wird nicht verwendet. Stattdessen wird das Standardsymbol verwendet.
 message.keychain.error=Schlüsselbundliste kann nicht abgerufen werden.
-message.invalid-identifier=Ungültige Mac-Bundle-ID [{0}].
-message.invalid-identifier.advice=Geben Sie die ID mit "--mac-package-identifier" an.
-message.building-dmg=DMG-Package für {0} wird erstellt.
 message.preparing-dmg-setup=DMG-Setup wird vorbereitet: {0}.
-message.creating-dmg-file=DMG-Datei wird erstellt: {0}.
-message.dmg-cannot-be-overwritten=DMG-Datei [{0}] ist vorhanden und kann nicht entfernt werden.
-message.output-to-location=Ergebnis von DMG-Installationsprogramm für {0}: {1}.
-message.building-pkg=PKG-Package für {0} wird erstellt.
 message.preparing-scripts=Packageskripte werden vorbereitet.
 message.preparing-distribution-dist=distribution.dist wird vorbereitet: {0}.
-message.signing.pkg=Warnung: Zum Signieren von PKG müssen Sie möglicherweise mit dem Schlüsselbundverwaltungstool die Option "Immer vertrauen" für Ihr Zertifikat festlegen.
 message.setfile.dmg=Das Festlegen des benutzerdefinierten Symbols für die DMG-Datei wurde übersprungen, weil das Utility "SetFile" nicht gefunden wurde. Durch Installieren von Xcode mit Befehlszeilentools sollte dieses Problem behoben werden.
 message.codesign.failed.reason.app.content="codesign" war nicht erfolgreich, und zusätzlicher Anwendungsinhalt wurde über den Parameter "--app-content" angegeben. Wahrscheinlich hat der zusätzliche Inhalt die Integrität des Anwendungs-Bundles beeinträchtigt und den Fehler verursacht. Stellen Sie sicher, das der über den Parameter "--app-content" angegebene Inhalt nicht die Integrität des Anwendungs-Bundles beeinträchtigt, oder fügen Sie ihn im Nachverarbeitungsschritt hinzu.
 message.codesign.failed.reason.xcode.tools=Möglicher Grund für "codesign"-Fehler ist fehlender Xcode mit Befehlszeilen-Entwicklertools. Installieren Sie Xcode mit Befehlszeilen-Entwicklertools, und prüfen Sie, ob das Problem dadurch beseitigt wird.
-message.dmg.license.button.agree=Akzeptieren
+message.dmg.license.button.agree=Zustimmen
 message.dmg.license.button.disagree=Ablehnen
 message.dmg.license.button.print=Drucken
-message.dmg.license.button.save=Sichern...
-message.dmg.license.message=Klicken Sie in “Akzeptieren”, wenn Sie mit den Bestimmungen des Software-Lizenzvertrags einverstanden sind. Falls nicht, bitte “Ablehnen” anklicken. Sie können die Software nur installieren, wenn Sie “Akzeptieren” angeklickt haben.
-warning.unsigned.app.image=Warnung: Nicht signiertes app-image wird zum Erstellen von signiertem {0} verwendet.
-warning.per.user.app.image.signed=Warnung: Konfiguration der installierten Anwendung pro Benutzer wird nicht unterstützt, da "{0}" im vordefinierten signierten Anwendungsimage fehlt.
-warning.non.standard.contents.sub.dir=Warnung: Der Dateiname des Verzeichnisses "{0}", das für die Option --app-content angegeben wurde, ist kein Standardunterverzeichnisname im Verzeichnis "Contents" des Anwendungs-Bundles. Möglicherweise verläuft die Codesignierung und/oder Notarisierung im Ergebnisanwendungs-Bundle nicht erfolgreich.
-warning.app.content.is.not.dir=Warnung: Der Wert "{0}" der Option --app-content ist kein Verzeichnis. Möglicherweise verläuft die Codesignierung und/oder Notarisierung im Ergebnisanwendungs-Bundle nicht erfolgreich.
+message.dmg.license.button.save=Speichern...
+message.dmg.license.message=Wenn Sie mit den Bestimmungen dieser Lizenz einverstanden sind, wählen Sie "Zustimmen" aus, um die Software zu installieren. Wenn Sie nicht zustimmen, wählen Sie "Ablehnen" aus.
+warning.unsigned.app.image=Nicht signiertes vordefiniertes Anwendungsimage mit signiertem Ausgabepackage
+warning.per.user.app.image.signed=Konfiguration der installierten Anwendung pro Benutzer wird nicht unterstützt, da die Datei "{0}" im signierten vordefinierten Anwendungsimage fehlt
+warning.non-standard-app-content=Der Wert der Option "--app-content" kann dazu führen, dass das Ergebnisanwendungs-Bundle nicht erfolgreich signiert und/oder notarisiert werden kann
+warning.non-standard-app-content.not-dir="{0}" ist kein Verzeichnis.
+warning.non-standard-app-content.non-standard-dir-name=Der Name "{0}" von Verzeichnis "{1}" ist kein Standardunterverzeichnisname im Verzeichnis "Contents" eines macOS-Bundle
diff --git a/src/jdk.jpackage/macosx/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MacResources_ja.properties b/src/jdk.jpackage/macosx/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MacResources_ja.properties
index c9de142d796..a0698c2266f 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jpackage/macosx/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MacResources_ja.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jpackage/macosx/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MacResources_ja.properties
@@ -23,17 +23,19 @@
 # questions.
 #
 #
-error.invalid-cfbundle-version.advice=互換性のある'app-version'値を設定します。有効なバージョンは、ドットで区切られた1から3つの整数です。
-error.explicit-sign-no-cert=署名が明示的に要求されましたが、署名証明書が見つかりません
-error.explicit-sign-no-cert.advice=有効なmac-signing-key-user-nameおよびmac-signing-keychainを指定してください
-error.certificate.expired=証明書が期限切れです{0}
+error.invalid-cfbundle-version.advice=互換性のある'app-version'値を設定します。有効なバージョンは、負でないピリオド区切りの整数で構成される文字列です。
+error.certificate.outside-validity-period=証明書"{0}"は有効期間の範囲外です
 error.cert.not.found=キーチェーン[{1}]を使用する[{0}]と一致する証明書が見つかりません
 error.multiple.certs.found=名前[{0}]に一致する複数の証明書がキーチェーン[{1}]で見つかりました
 error.app-image.mac-sign.required=--mac-signオプションは、事前定義済アプリケーション・イメージおよびタイプ[app-image]で必要です
-error.tool.failed.with.output="{0}"は次の出力で失敗しました:
 error.invalid-runtime-image-missing-file=ランタイム・イメージ"{0}"に"{1}"ファイルがありません
+error.invalid-app-image-runtime-image-bin-dir=事前定義済アプリケーション・イメージ[{1}]のランタイム・ディレクトリ{0}に"bin"フォルダを含めることはできません
 error.invalid-runtime-image-bin-dir=ランタイム・イメージ"{0}"に"bin"フォルダを含めることはできません
 error.invalid-runtime-image-bin-dir.advice={0}オプションとともに使用されるランタイム・イメージを生成する場合は、--strip-native-commands jlinkオプションを使用します
+error.invalid-app-image-plist-file=事前定義済アプリケーション・イメージの"{0}"ファイルが無効です
+error.invalid-derived-bundle-identifier=入力データから有効なバンドル識別子を導出できません
+error.invalid-derived-bundle-identifier.advice=--mac-package-identifierオプションを使用したバンドル識別子を指定してください
+
 resource.app-info-plist=アプリケーションのInfo.plist
 resource.app-runtime-info-plist=埋込みJavaランタイムのInfo.plist
 resource.runtime-info-plist=JavaランタイムのInfo.plist
@@ -51,30 +53,27 @@ resource.pkg-background-image=pkg背景イメージ
 resource.pkg-pdf=プロジェクト定義ファイル
 resource.launchd-plist-file=launchd plistファイル
 
-message.bundle-name-too-long-warning={0}が16文字を超える''{1}''に設定されています。Macでの操作性をより良くするために短くすることを検討してください。
+summary.property.mac-bundle-identifier=CFBundleIdentifier
+summary.property.mac-bundle-name=CFBundleName
+summary.property.mac-sign-app-image.format="{1}"ディレクトリの{0}に署名します
+
+warning.bundle-name-too-long-warning=バンドル名"{0}"が16文字を超えています。Macでの操作性をより良くするために短くすることを検討してください。
 message.preparing-info-plist=Info.plistを準備しています: {0}。
 message.icon-not-icns= 指定したアイコン"{0}"はICNSファイルではなく、使用されません。デフォルト・アイコンがその位置に使用されます。
 message.keychain.error=キーチェーン・リストを取得できません。
-message.invalid-identifier=macバンドル識別子[{0}]が無効です。
-message.invalid-identifier.advice="--mac-package-identifier"で識別子を指定してください。
-message.building-dmg={0}のDMGパッケージを作成しています
 message.preparing-dmg-setup=dmgの設定を準備しています: {0}
-message.creating-dmg-file=DMGファイルを作成しています: {0}
-message.dmg-cannot-be-overwritten=Dmgファイルは存在し[{0}]、削除できません。
-message.output-to-location={0}の結果のDMGインストーラ: {1}
-message.building-pkg={0}のPKGパッケージを作成しています
 message.preparing-scripts=パッケージ・スクリプトを準備しています
 message.preparing-distribution-dist=distribution.distを準備しています: {0}
-message.signing.pkg=警告: PKGへの署名の場合、「キーチェーン・アクセス」ツールを使用して証明書に「常に信頼する」を設定する必要があります。
 message.setfile.dmg='SetFile'ユーティリティが見つからないため、DMGファイルでのカスタム・アイコンの設定がスキップされました。Xcodeとコマンド・ライン・ツールをインストールすると、この問題は解決されます。
 message.codesign.failed.reason.app.content="codesign"が失敗したため、追加のアプリケーション・コンテンツが、"--app-content"パラメータを介して提供されました。追加のコンテンツにより、アプリケーション・バンドルの整合性が損われ、失敗の原因になった可能性があります。"--app-content"パラメータを介して提供されたコンテンツによって、アプリケーション・バンドルの整合性が損われていないことを確認するか、処理後のステップで追加してください。
 message.codesign.failed.reason.xcode.tools="codesign"失敗の考えられる理由は、Xcodeとコマンドライン・デベロッパ・ツールの欠落です。Xcodeとコマンドライン・デベロッパ・ツールをインストールして、問題が解決されるかを確認してください。
-message.dmg.license.button.agree=同意します
-message.dmg.license.button.disagree=同意しません
-message.dmg.license.button.print=印刷する
+message.dmg.license.button.agree=同意する
+message.dmg.license.button.disagree=同意しない
+message.dmg.license.button.print=印刷
 message.dmg.license.button.save=保存...
-message.dmg.license.message=本ソフトウエア使用許諾契約の条件に同意される場合には、ソフトウエアをインストールするために「同意します」を押してください。　同意されない場合には、「同意しません」を押してください。
-warning.unsigned.app.image=警告: 署名されていないapp-imageを使用して署名された{0}を作成します。
-warning.per.user.app.image.signed=警告: 事前定義済の署名付きアプリケーション・イメージに"{0}"がないため、インストール済アプリケーションのユーザーごとの構成はサポートされません。
-warning.non.standard.contents.sub.dir=警告: --app-contentオプションに指定されたディレクトリ"{0}"のファイル名が、アプリケーション・バンドルの"Contents"ディレクトリ内の標準サブディレクトリ名ではありません。結果アプリケーション・バンドルは、コード署名および/または公証に失敗することがあります。
-warning.app.content.is.not.dir=警告: --app-contentオプションの値"{0}"はディレクトリではありません。結果アプリケーション・バンドルは、コード署名または公証(あるいはその両方)に失敗することがあります。
+message.dmg.license.message=このライセンスの条件に同意する場合は、「同意する」を押してソフトウェアをインストールします。同意しない場合は、「同意しない」を押してください。
+warning.unsigned.app.image=署名なしの事前定義済アプリケーション・イメージと署名付きの出力パッケージ
+warning.per.user.app.image.signed=署名付きの事前定義済アプリケーション・イメージに"{0}"ファイルがないため、インストール済アプリケーションのユーザーごとの構成はサポートされません
+warning.non-standard-app-content=--app-contentオプションの値によっては、結果アプリケーション・バンドルの署名または公証(あるいはその両方)に失敗することがあります
+warning.non-standard-app-content.not-dir="{0}"はディレクトリではありません
+warning.non-standard-app-content.non-standard-dir-name=ディレクトリ"{1}"の名前"{0}"は、macOSバンドルの"Contents"ディレクトリ内の標準サブディレクトリ名ではありません
diff --git a/src/jdk.jpackage/macosx/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MacResources_zh_CN.properties b/src/jdk.jpackage/macosx/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MacResources_zh_CN.properties
index 9a925859af5..9c51fed5eae 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jpackage/macosx/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MacResources_zh_CN.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jpackage/macosx/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MacResources_zh_CN.properties
@@ -23,17 +23,19 @@
 # questions.
 #
 #
-error.invalid-cfbundle-version.advice=设置兼容的 'app-version' 值。有效版本包含一到三个用点分隔的整数。
-error.explicit-sign-no-cert=已明确请求签名，但找不到签名证书
-error.explicit-sign-no-cert.advice=指定有效的 mac-signing-key-user-name 和 mac-signing-keychain
-error.certificate.expired=证书已到期 {0}
+error.invalid-cfbundle-version.advice=设置兼容的 'app-version' 值。有效版本是由非负、以句点分隔的整数组成的字符串。
+error.certificate.outside-validity-period=证书 "{0}" 超出其有效期
 error.cert.not.found=使用密钥链 [{1}] 找不到与 [{0}] 匹配的证书
 error.multiple.certs.found=在密钥链 [{1}] 中找到多个与名称 [{0}] 匹配的证书
 error.app-image.mac-sign.required=预定义的应用程序映像和类型 [app-image] 需要 --mac-sign 选项
-error.tool.failed.with.output="{0}" 失败，显示以下输出：
 error.invalid-runtime-image-missing-file=运行时映像 "{0}" 缺少 "{1}" 文件
+error.invalid-app-image-runtime-image-bin-dir=预定义的应用程序映像 [{1}] 中的运行时目录 {0} 不应包含 "bin" 文件夹
 error.invalid-runtime-image-bin-dir=运行时映像 "{0}" 不应包含 "bin" 文件夹
 error.invalid-runtime-image-bin-dir.advice=生成与 {0} 选项一起使用的运行时映像时，使用 --strip-native-commands jlink 选项
+error.invalid-app-image-plist-file=预定义的应用程序映像中的 "{0}" 文件无效
+error.invalid-derived-bundle-identifier=无法根据输入数据推导有效的包标识符
+error.invalid-derived-bundle-identifier.advice=使用 --mac-package-identifier 选项指定包标识符
+
 resource.app-info-plist=应用程序 Info.plist
 resource.app-runtime-info-plist=嵌入式 Java 运行时 Info.plist
 resource.runtime-info-plist=Java 运行时 Info.plist
@@ -51,30 +53,27 @@ resource.pkg-background-image=pkg 背景图像
 resource.pkg-pdf=项目定义文件
 resource.launchd-plist-file=launchd plist 文件
 
-message.bundle-name-too-long-warning={0}已设置为 ''{1}'', 其长度超过了 16 个字符。为了获得更好的 Mac 体验, 请考虑将其缩短。
+summary.property.mac-bundle-identifier=CFBundleIdentifier
+summary.property.mac-bundle-name=CFBundleName
+summary.property.mac-sign-app-image.format=对 "{1}" 目录中的 {0} 签名
+
+warning.bundle-name-too-long-warning=包名称 "{0}" 的长度超过了 16 个字符。为了获得更好的 Mac 体验，请考虑将其缩短。
 message.preparing-info-plist=正在准备 Info.plist: {0}。
 message.icon-not-icns= 指定的图标 "{0}" 不是 ICNS 文件, 不会使用。将使用默认图标代替。
 message.keychain.error=无法获取密钥链列表。
-message.invalid-identifier=mac 包标识符 [{0}] 无效。
-message.invalid-identifier.advice=请使用 "--mac-package-identifier" 指定标识符。
-message.building-dmg=正在为 {0} 构建 DMG 程序包。
 message.preparing-dmg-setup=正在准备 dmg 设置: {0}。
-message.creating-dmg-file=正在创建 DMG 文件: {0}。
-message.dmg-cannot-be-overwritten=Dmg 文件已存在 [{0}] 且无法删除。
-message.output-to-location=为 {0} 生成的 DMG 安装程序: {1}。
-message.building-pkg=正在为 {0} 构建 PKG 程序包。
 message.preparing-scripts=正在准备程序包脚本。
 message.preparing-distribution-dist=正在准备 distribution.dist: {0}。
-message.signing.pkg=警告：要对 PKG 进行签名，可能需要使用“密钥链访问”工具为证书设置“始终信任”。
 message.setfile.dmg=由于未找到 'SetFile' 实用程序，跳过了针对 DMG 文件设置定制图标的操作。安装带命令行工具的 Xcode 应能解决此问题。
 message.codesign.failed.reason.app.content="codesign" 失败，并通过 "--app-content" 参数提供了附加应用程序内容。可能是附加内容破坏了应用程序包的完整性，导致了故障。请确保通过 "--app-content" 参数提供的内容不会破坏应用程序包的完整性，或者在后处理步骤中添加该内容。
 message.codesign.failed.reason.xcode.tools="codesign" 失败可能是因为缺少带命令行开发人员工具的 Xcode。请安装带命令行开发人员工具的 Xcode，看看是否可以解决问题。
 message.dmg.license.button.agree=同意
 message.dmg.license.button.disagree=不同意
 message.dmg.license.button.print=打印
-message.dmg.license.button.save=存储...
-message.dmg.license.message=如果您同意本许可协议的条款，请按“同意”来安装此软件。如果您不同意，请按“不同意”。
-warning.unsigned.app.image=警告：使用未签名的 app-image 生成已签名的 {0}。
-warning.per.user.app.image.signed=警告：由于预定义的已签名应用程序映像中缺少 "{0}"，不支持对已安装应用程序的每用户配置提供支持。
-warning.non.standard.contents.sub.dir=警告：为 --app-content 选项指定的目录 "{0}" 的文件名不是应用程序包的 "Contents" 目录中的标准子目录名称。结果应用程序包可能会使代码签名和/或公证失败。
-warning.app.content.is.not.dir=警告：--app-content 选项的值 "{0}" 不是目录。结果应用程序包可能会使代码签名和/或公证失败。
+message.dmg.license.button.save=保存...
+message.dmg.license.message=如果您同意本许可证条款，请按“同意”以安装本软件。如果您不同意，请按“不同意”。
+warning.unsigned.app.image=带已签名输出程序包的未签名的预定义应用程序映像
+warning.per.user.app.image.signed=由于签名的预定义应用程序映像中缺少 "{0}" 文件，将不支持已安装应用程序的每用户配置
+warning.non-standard-app-content=--app-content 选项的值可能会导致结果应用程序包的签名和/或公证失败
+warning.non-standard-app-content.not-dir="{0}" 不是目录
+warning.non-standard-app-content.non-standard-dir-name=目录 "{1}" 的名称 "{0}" 不是 macOS 包的 "Contents" 目录中的标准子目录名称
diff --git a/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/HelpResources_de.properties b/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/HelpResources_de.properties
index 5b9a5728912..d9e4dc11f0a 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/HelpResources_de.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/HelpResources_de.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -160,8 +160,7 @@ help.option.type.mac=\          Der zu erstellende Packagetyp\n        Gültige
 
 help.option.vendor=\          Anbieter der Anwendung
 
-help.option.verbose=\          Aktiviert Ausgabe im Verbose-Modus
-
+help.option.verbose=\          Konfiguriert die Verbose-Ausgabe. Dabei ist "category" einer der folgenden Werte\n            "all"\n            "console"\n            "log"\n            "errors"\n              "progress"\n              "resources"\n              "summary"\n              "tools"\n              "trace"\n              "warnings"\n\n          Gesamte Konsolenausgabe unterdrücken, Logging über System.Logger-API aktivieren:\n              --verbose log\n        Alle Nachrichtenkategorien in der Konsole aktivieren:\n            --verbose console\n        Alle Nachrichtenkategorien außer "trace" und "tools" in der Konsole aktivieren:\n              --verbose console,-trace,-tools\n        Die Nachrichtenkategorien "trace" und "tools" in der Konsole aktivieren:\n              --verbose trace,tools\n        Die Nachrichtenkategorien "trace" und "tools" in der Konsole aktivieren und\n        Logging über die System.Logger-API aktivieren:\n            --verbose log,trace,tools\n\n          Wenn die Option ohne den Wert angegeben wird, entspricht sie\n              --verbose console,-trace\n        Wenn die Option nicht angegeben wird, entspricht sie\n              --verbose errors,warnings\n
 help.option.version=\          Gibt die Produktversion an den Outputstream aus und beendet den Vorgang.
 
 help.option.win-console=\          Erstellt einen Konsolenlauncher für die Anwendung. Sollte für\n        Anwendungen angegeben werden, die Konsoleninteraktionen erfordern
@@ -170,17 +169,18 @@ help.option.win-dir-chooser=\          Fügt ein Dialogfeld hinzu, in dem der Be
 
 help.option.win-help-url=\          URL, unter der der Benutzer weitere Informationen oder technische Unterstützung erhält
 
-help.option.win-menu=\          Anforderung zum Hinzufügen einer Startmenüverknüpfung für diese Anwendung
+help.option.win-menu=\          Fügt eine Verknüpfung im Startmenü für diese Anwendung hinzu oder fordert diese an,\n        wenn "--win-shortcut-prompt" angegeben wird
 
 help.option.win-menu-group=\          Startmenügruppe, in der diese Anwendung abgelegt wird
 
-help.option.win-per-user-install=\          Anforderung zum Ausführen einer Installation pro Benutzer
+help.option.win-per-user-install=\          Installiert die Anwendung pro Benutzer. \n        Ohne diese Option wird sie pro Rechner installiert
 
-help.option.win-shortcut=\          Anforderung zum Hinzufügen einer Desktopverknüpfung für diese Anwendung
+help.option.win-shortcut=\          Fügt eine Desktopverknüpfung für diese Anwendung hinzu oder fordert diese an,\n        wenn "--win-shortcut-prompt" angegeben wird
 
-help.option.win-shortcut-prompt=\          Fügt ein Dialogfeld hinzu, in dem der Benutzer auswählen kann, ob Verknüpfungen\n        vom Installationsprogramm erstellt werden.
+help.option.win-shortcut-prompt=\          Fügt ein Dialogfeld hinzu, wenn mindestens "--win-menu" oder "--win-shortcut" angegeben wird,\n        in dem der Benutzer auswählen kann, ob diese Verknüpfungen\n        vom Installationsprogramm erstellt werden
 
 help.option.win-update-url=\          URL der verfügbaren Anwendungsaktualisierungsinformationen
 
 help.option.win-upgrade-uuid=\          UUID für Upgrades für dieses Package
 
+help.option.win-with-ui=\          Setzt eine UI für das Installationsprogramm durch
diff --git a/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/HelpResources_ja.properties b/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/HelpResources_ja.properties
index ca606dda9f8..0b3ae36be46 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/HelpResources_ja.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/HelpResources_ja.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -160,8 +160,7 @@ help.option.type.mac=\          作成するパッケージのタイプ\n
 
 help.option.vendor=\          アプリケーションのベンダー
 
-help.option.verbose=\          詳細な出力を有効にします
-
+help.option.verbose=\          詳細出力を構成します。"category"は次のいずれかです\n              "all"\n              "console"\n              "log"\n              "errors"\n              "progress"\n              "resources"\n              "summary"\n              "tools"\n              "trace"\n              "warnings"\n\n          すべてのコンソール出力を抑止して、System.Logger APIを使用したロギングを有効にします:\n              --verbose log\n          コンソールですべてのメッセージ・カテゴリを有効にします:\n              --verbose console\n          コンソールで"trace"と"tools"を除くすべてのメッセージ・カテゴリを有効にします:\n              --verbose console,-trace,-tools\n          コンソールで"trace"と"tools"のメッセージ・カテゴリを有効にします:\n              --verbose trace,tools\n          コンソールで"trace"と"tools"のメッセージ・カテゴリを有効にして、\n          System.Logger APIを使用したロギングを有効にします:\n              --verbose log,trace,tools\n\n          値なしでオプションを指定した場合、次と等しくなります\n              --verbose console,-trace\n          オプションを指定しない場合、次と等しくなります\n              --verbose errors,warnings\n
 help.option.version=\          製品バージョンを出力ストリームに出力して終了します
 
 help.option.win-console=\          アプリケーションのコンソール・ランチャを作成します。コンソール・\n          インタラクションが必要なアプリケーションに指定する必要があります
@@ -170,17 +169,18 @@ help.option.win-dir-chooser=\          製品をインストールするディ
 
 help.option.win-help-url=\          ユーザーが詳細情報または技術サポートを取得できるURL
 
-help.option.win-menu=\          このアプリケーションのスタート・メニューのショートカットを追加するリクエスト
+help.option.win-menu=\          このアプリケーションのスタート・メニュー・ショートカットを追加するか、\n          --win-shortcut-promptが指定されている場合は、追加するかどうかを尋ねます
 
 help.option.win-menu-group=\          このアプリケーションを配置するスタート・メニュー・グループ
 
-help.option.win-per-user-install=\          ユーザーごとにインストールを実行するリクエスト
+help.option.win-per-user-install=\          ユーザーごとにアプリケーションをインストールします。\n          このオプションがない場合、マシンごとにインストールします
 
-help.option.win-shortcut=\          このアプリケーションのデスクトップのショートカットを追加するリクエスト
+help.option.win-shortcut=\          このアプリケーションのデスクトップ・ショートカットを追加するか、\n          --win-shortcut-promptが指定されている場合は、追加するかどうかを尋ねます
 
-help.option.win-shortcut-prompt=\          ショートカットをインストーラで作成するかどうかをユーザーが\n          選択できるダイアログを追加します。
+help.option.win-shortcut-prompt=\          --win-menuまたは--win-shortcutが少なくとも1つ\n          指定されている場合、これらのショートカットをインストーラで作成するかどうかをユーザーが\n          選択できるダイアログを追加します
 
 help.option.win-update-url=\          使用可能なアプリケーション更新情報のURL
 
 help.option.win-upgrade-uuid=\          このパッケージのアップグレードに関連付けられているUUID
 
+help.option.win-with-ui=\          インストーラにUIを強制的に表示します
diff --git a/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/HelpResources_zh_CN.properties b/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/HelpResources_zh_CN.properties
index ac72c67ee2f..99d1915d936 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/HelpResources_zh_CN.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/HelpResources_zh_CN.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -160,8 +160,7 @@ help.option.type.mac=\          要创建的程序包的类型\n          有效
 
 help.option.vendor=\          应用程序的供应商
 
-help.option.verbose=\          启用详细的输出
-
+help.option.verbose=\          配置详细输出。其中 "category" 为以下项之一\n              "all"\n              "console"\n              "log"\n              "errors"\n              "progress"\n              "resources"\n              "summary"\n              "tools"\n              "trace"\n              "warnings"\n\n          隐藏所有控制台输出，通过 System.Logger API 启用日志记录：\n              --verbose log\n          在控制台中启用所有消息类别：\n              --verbose console\n          在控制台中启用除 "trace" 和 "tools" 之外的所有消息类别：\n              --verbose console,-trace,-tools\n          在控制台中启用 "trace" 和 "tools" 消息类别：\n              --verbose trace,tools\n          在控制台中启用 "trace" 和 "tools" 消息类别，并\n          通过 System.Logger API 启用日志记录：\n              --verbose log,trace,tools\n\n          如果指定了不带值的该选项，则等效于\n              --verbose console,-trace\n          如果未指定该选项，则等效于\n              --verbose errors,warnings\n
 help.option.version=\          将产品版本输出到输出流并退出。
 
 help.option.win-console=\          为应用程序创建控制台启动程序，应当为\n          需要控制台交互的应用程序指定
@@ -170,17 +169,18 @@ help.option.win-dir-chooser=\          添加一个对话框以允许用户选
 
 help.option.win-help-url=\          用户可以从中获取更多信息或技术支持的 URL
 
-help.option.win-menu=\          请求为此应用程序添加“开始”菜单快捷方式
+help.option.win-menu=\          为此应用程序添加“开始”菜单快捷方式，或者\n          如果指定了 --win-shortcut-prompt，则请求执行此操作
 
 help.option.win-menu-group=\          此应用程序所在的“开始”菜单组
 
-help.option.win-per-user-install=\          请求基于每个用户执行安装
+help.option.win-per-user-install=\          按用户安装应用程序。\n          如果没有此选项，则按计算机安装
 
-help.option.win-shortcut=\          请求为此应用程序添加桌面快捷方式
+help.option.win-shortcut=\          为此应用程序添加桌面快捷方式，或者\n          如果指定了 --win-shortcut-prompt，则请求执行此操作
 
-help.option.win-shortcut-prompt=\          添加一个对话框以允许用户选择是否将由安装程序\n          创建快捷方式。
+help.option.win-shortcut-prompt=\          如果至少指定了 --win-menu 或 --win-shortcut 中的一个，则添加一个\n          对话框，使用户可以选择是否将由安装程序创建\n          这些快捷方式
 
 help.option.win-update-url=\          可用应用程序更新信息的 URL
 
 help.option.win-upgrade-uuid=\          与此程序包的升级关联的 UUID
 
+help.option.win-with-ui=\          强制安装程序具有 UI
diff --git a/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MainResources_de.properties b/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MainResources_de.properties
index 7816f8ee71a..f27d7fa0c01 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MainResources_de.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MainResources_de.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -28,14 +28,24 @@ param.copyright.default=Copyright (C) {0,date,YYYY}
 param.vendor.default=Unbekannt
 
 bundle-type.win-app=Windows-Anwendungsimage
-bundle-type.win-exe=EXE-Installationsprogrammpackage
-bundle-type.win-msi=MSI-Installationsprogrammpackage
+bundle-type.win-exe=Windows-EXE-Installationsprogramm
+bundle-type.win-msi=Windows-MSI-Installationsprogramm
 bundle-type.mac-app=Mac-Anwendungsimage
 bundle-type.mac-dmg=Mac-DMG-Package
 bundle-type.mac-pkg=Mac-PKG-Package
 bundle-type.linux-app=Linux-Anwendungsimage
-bundle-type.linux-deb=DEB-Bundle
-bundle-type.linux-rpm=RPM-Bundle
+bundle-type.linux-deb=Linux-DEB-Package
+bundle-type.linux-rpm=Linux-RPM-Package
+
+summary.property.operation=Vorgang
+summary.property.operation.format={0} erstellen
+summary.property.output-bundle=Ausgabe-Bundle
+summary.property.version=Version
+summary.warning=WARNING: {0}
+summary.multi-line-warning=WARNING: {0}:
+
+summary.value.disabled=Deaktiviert
+summary.value.enabled=Aktiviert
 
 resource.post-app-image-script=Auszuführendes Skript nach dem Auffüllen des Anwendungsimages
 
@@ -43,13 +53,28 @@ message.using-default-resource=Standardpackageressource {0} {1} wird verwendet (
 message.no-default-resource=Keine Standardpackageressource {0} (durch Hinzufügen von {1} zu resource-dir ist eine Anpassung möglich).
 message.using-custom-resource-from-file=Benutzerdefinierte Packageressource {0} wird verwendet (aus Datei {1} geladen).
 message.using-custom-resource=Benutzerdefinierte Packageressource {0} wird verwendet (aus {1} geladen).
-message.creating-app-bundle=Anwendungspackage {0} wird in {1} erstellt
+
+message.create-package=Ausgabepackagedatei wird erstellt...
+message.create-app-image=Ausgabeverzeichnis für Anwendungsimage wird erstellt...
+message.package-created=Ausgabepackagedatei wurde erfolgreich erstellt
+message.app-image-created=Ausgabeverzeichnis für Anwendungsimage wurde erfolgreich erstellt
+
 message.debug-working-directory=Arbeitsverzeichnis für Debug beibehalten: {0}
-message.bundle-created={0}-Package wurde erfolgreich erstellt
+
 message.module-version=Version "{0}" aus Modul "{1}" wird als Anwendungsversion verwendet
+message.release-version=Version "{0}" aus "release"-Datei der vordefinierten Laufzeit wird als Packageversion verwendet
+message.version-normalized=Version "{0}" wird mit Normalisierung auf das von der Plattform unterstützte Format von "{1}" verwendet
 
-message.error-header={0}
+message.error-header=Fehler: {0}
 message.advice-header=Empfehlung zur Behebung: {0}
+message.failed-command-output-header=Befehlsausgabe:
+
+progress.warning-header=WARNING: {0}
+progress.warning-header2=WARNING: {0}: {1}
+
+error.command-failed-unexpected-output=Unerwartete Ausgabe bei Ausführung des Befehls {0}
+error.command-failed-unexpected-exit-code=Unerwarteter Exitcode {0} bei Ausführung des Befehls {1}
+error.command-failed-timed-out=Timeout bei Befehl {0}
 
 error.version-string-empty=Version darf keine leere Zeichenfolge sein
 error.version-string-zero-length-component=Version [{0}] enthält eine Komponente mit Nulllänge
@@ -75,13 +100,19 @@ error.parameter-not-directory=Der für Parameter {1} angegebene Wert "{0}" ist k
 error.parameter-not-empty-directory=Der für Parameter {1} angegebene Wert "{0}" ist kein leeres Verzeichnis oder kein vorhandener Pfad
 error.parameter-not-url=Der für Parameter {1} angegebene Wert "{0}" ist keine gültige URL
 error.parameter-not-launcher-shortcut-dir=Der für Parameter {1} angegebene Wert "{0}" ist kein gültiges Verknüpfungsstartverzeichnis
+error.parameter-not-mac-bundle=Der für Parameter {1} angegebene Wert "{0}" ist kein gültiges macOS-Bundle
+error.parameter-not-mac-bundle-identifier=Der für Parameter {1} angegebene Wert "{0}" ist keine gültige macOS-Bundle-ID.
+error.parameter-not-mac-bundle-identifier.advice=Die Bundle-ID darf keine leere Zeichenfolge sein und nur alphanumerische Zeichen (A-Z, a-z und 0-9), Bindestriche (-) und Punkte (.) enthalten
 error.path-parameter-ioexception=I/O-Fehler beim Zugriff auf Pfadwert "{0}" von Parameter {1}
+error.parameter-invalid-value=Ungültiger Wert "{0}" für Parameter {1} angegeben
 error.parameter-add-launcher-malformed=Der für Parameter {1} angegebene Wert "{0}" stimmt nicht mit dem Muster <Name>=<Dateipfad> überein
 error.parameter-add-launcher-not-file=Der Wert des Pfades zu einer Eigenschaftendatei "{0}", der für den zusätzlichen Launcher "{1}" bereitgestellt wird, ist kein gültiger Dateipfad
 error.properties-parameter-not-path=Der für Eigenschaft "{1}" in Datei "{2}" angegebene Wert "{0}" ist kein gültiger Pfad
 error.properties-parameter-not-file=Der für Eigenschaft "{1}" in Datei "{2}" angegebene Wert "{0}" ist keine Datei
+error.properties-parameter-not-directory=Der für Eigenschaft "{1}" in Datei "{2}" angegebene Wert "{0}" ist kein Verzeichnis
 error.properties-parameter-not-launcher-shortcut-dir=Der für Eigenschaft "{1}" in Datei "{2}" angegebene Wert "{0}" ist kein gültiges Verknüpfungsstartverzeichnis
 
+error.no-extensions-for-file-association=Für Dateiverknüpfungsnummer {0} wurden keine Erweiterungen angegeben
 error.no-content-types-for-file-association=Für Dateiverknüpfungsnummer {0} wurden keine MIME-Typen angegeben
 error.no-content-types-for-file-association.advice=Geben Sie einen MIME-Typ für Dateiverknüpfungsnummer {0} an
 error.too-many-content-types-for-file-association=Für Dateiverknüpfungsnummer {0} wurde mehr als ein MIME-Typ angegeben
@@ -96,7 +127,11 @@ error.tool-not-found.advice=Installieren Sie "{0}"
 error.tool-old-version="{0}" {1} oder eine neuere Version kann nicht gefunden werden
 error.tool-old-version.advice=Installieren Sie "{0}" {1} oder eine neuere Version
 
-error.jlink.failed=jlink nicht erfolgreich mit: {0}
+warning.tempdir.cleanup-failed=Temporäres Verzeichnis {0} konnte nicht bereinigt werden
+warning.tempdir.cleanup-file-failed=Datei "{0}" im temporären Verzeichnis konnte nicht gelöscht werden
+
+error.output-bundle-cannot-be-overwritten=Ausgabepackagedatei "{0}" ist vorhanden und kann nicht entfernt werden.
+
 error.blocked.option=jlink-Option [{0}] ist in --jlink-options nicht zulässig
 error.no.name=Name nicht mit --name angegeben. Es kann auch kein Name aus app-image abgeleitet werden
 error.no.name.advice=Geben Sie den Namen mit --name an
diff --git a/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MainResources_ja.properties b/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MainResources_ja.properties
index 5db5ead7577..37d043861cb 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MainResources_ja.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MainResources_ja.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -28,14 +28,24 @@ param.copyright.default=Copyright (C) {0,date,YYYY}
 param.vendor.default=不明
 
 bundle-type.win-app=Windowsアプリケーション・イメージ
-bundle-type.win-exe=EXEインストーラ・パッケージ
-bundle-type.win-msi=MSIインストーラ・パッケージ
+bundle-type.win-exe=Windows EXEインストーラ
+bundle-type.win-msi=Windows MSIインストーラ
 bundle-type.mac-app=Macアプリケーション・イメージ
 bundle-type.mac-dmg=Mac DMGパッケージ
 bundle-type.mac-pkg=Mac PKGパッケージ
 bundle-type.linux-app=Linuxアプリケーション・イメージ
-bundle-type.linux-deb=DEBバンドル
-bundle-type.linux-rpm=RPMバンドル
+bundle-type.linux-deb=Linux DEBパッケージ
+bundle-type.linux-rpm=Linux RPMパッケージ
+
+summary.property.operation=操作
+summary.property.operation.format={0}の作成
+summary.property.output-bundle=出力バンドル
+summary.property.version=バージョン
+summary.warning=WARNING: {0}
+summary.multi-line-warning=WARNING: {0}:
+
+summary.value.disabled=無効
+summary.value.enabled=有効
 
 resource.post-app-image-script=アプリケーション・イメージを移入した後に実行するスクリプト
 
@@ -43,13 +53,28 @@ message.using-default-resource=デフォルトのパッケージ・リソース{
 message.no-default-resource=デフォルトのパッケージ・リソース{0}なし({1}をresource-dirに追加してカスタマイズ)。
 message.using-custom-resource-from-file=カスタム・パッケージ・リソース{0}の使用(ファイル{1}からロード済)
 message.using-custom-resource=カスタム・パッケージ・リソース{0}の使用({1}からロード済)
-message.creating-app-bundle=アプリケーション・パッケージを作成しています: {1}内の{0}
+
+message.create-package=出力パッケージ・ファイルを作成しています...
+message.create-app-image=出力アプリケーション・イメージ・ディレクトリを作成しています...
+message.package-created=出力パッケージ・ファイルの作成に成功しました
+message.app-image-created=出力アプリケーション・イメージ・ディレクトリの作成に成功しました
+
 message.debug-working-directory=デバッグの作業ディレクトリが保持されました: {0}
-message.bundle-created={0}パッケージの作成に成功しました
+
 message.module-version=モジュール"{1}"のバージョン"{0}"をアプリケーション・バージョンとして使用
+message.release-version=事前定義済ランタイムの"release"ファイルのバージョン"{0}"をパッケージ・バージョンとして使用
+message.version-normalized="{1}"からプラットフォームでサポートされる形式に正規化されたバージョン"{0}"を使用
 
-message.error-header={0}
+message.error-header=エラー: {0}
 message.advice-header=修正のアドバイス: {0}
+message.failed-command-output-header=コマンド出力:
+
+progress.warning-header=WARNING: {0}
+progress.warning-header2=WARNING: {0}: {1}
+
+error.command-failed-unexpected-output=コマンド{0}を実行中の予期しない出力
+error.command-failed-unexpected-exit-code=コマンド{1}を実行中の予期しない終了コード{0}
+error.command-failed-timed-out=コマンド{0}がタイムアウトしました
 
 error.version-string-empty=バージョンを空の文字列にすることはできません
 error.version-string-zero-length-component=バージョン[{0}]に長さゼロのコンポーネントが含まれます
@@ -75,13 +100,19 @@ error.parameter-not-directory=パラメータ{1}に指定された値"{0}"はデ
 error.parameter-not-empty-directory=パラメータ{1}に指定された値"{0}"が空のディレクトリでないか、存在しないパスです
 error.parameter-not-url=パラメータ{1}に指定された値"{0}"は有効なURLではありません
 error.parameter-not-launcher-shortcut-dir=パラメータ{1}に指定された値"{0}"は、有効なショートカット起動ディレクトリではありません
+error.parameter-not-mac-bundle=パラメータ{1}に指定された値"{0}"は有効なmacOSバンドルではありません
+error.parameter-not-mac-bundle-identifier=パラメータ{1}に指定された値"{0}"は有効なmacOSバンドル識別子ではありません。
+error.parameter-not-mac-bundle-identifier.advice=バンドル識別子は、英数字(A-Z、a-z、0-9)、ハイフン(-)およびピリオド(.)のみを含む空でない文字列である必要があります
 error.path-parameter-ioexception=パラメータ{1}のパス値"{0}"へのアクセス中にI/Oエラーが発生しました
+error.parameter-invalid-value=パラメータ{1}に指定された値"{0}"は無効です
 error.parameter-add-launcher-malformed=パラメータ{1}に指定された値"{0}"がパターン<name>=<file path>と一致しません
 error.parameter-add-launcher-not-file=追加のランチャ"{1}"に指定されたプロパティ・ファイル"{0}"へのパスの値は有効なファイル・パスではありません
 error.properties-parameter-not-path="{2}"ファイルのプロパティ"{1}"に指定された値"{0}"は有効なパスではありません
 error.properties-parameter-not-file="{2}"ファイルのプロパティ"{1}"に指定された値"{0}"はファイルではありません
+error.properties-parameter-not-directory="{2}"ファイルのプロパティ"{1}"に指定された値"{0}"はディレクトリではありません
 error.properties-parameter-not-launcher-shortcut-dir="{2}"ファイルのプロパティ"{1}"に指定された値"{0}"は、有効なショートカット起動ディレクトリではありません
 
+error.no-extensions-for-file-association=ファイル・アソシエーション番号{0}に拡張子が指定されませんでした
 error.no-content-types-for-file-association=ファイル・アソシエーション番号{0}にMIMEタイプが指定されませんでした
 error.no-content-types-for-file-association.advice=ファイル・アソシエーション番号{0}にMIMEタイプを指定してください
 error.too-many-content-types-for-file-association=ファイル・アソシエーション番号{0}に複数のMIMEタイプが指定されました
@@ -96,7 +127,11 @@ error.tool-not-found.advice="{0}"をインストールしてください
 error.tool-old-version="{0}" {1}以降が見つかりません
 error.tool-old-version.advice="{0}" {1}以降をインストールしてください
 
-error.jlink.failed=jlinkが次で失敗しました: {0}
+warning.tempdir.cleanup-failed=一時ディレクトリ{0}のクリーンアップに失敗しました
+warning.tempdir.cleanup-file-failed=一時ディレクトリの"{0}"ファイルの削除に失敗しました
+
+error.output-bundle-cannot-be-overwritten=出力パッケージ・ファイル"{0}"は存在しており、削除できません。
+
 error.blocked.option=jlinkオプション[{0}]は--jlink-optionsでは許可されません
 error.no.name=名前が--nameで指定されておらず、app-imageから推論できません
 error.no.name.advice=--nameで名前を指定します
diff --git a/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MainResources_zh_CN.properties b/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MainResources_zh_CN.properties
index 23540af7db2..559a7f93d2c 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MainResources_zh_CN.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jpackage/share/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/MainResources_zh_CN.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -28,14 +28,24 @@ param.copyright.default=版权所有 (C) {0,date,YYYY}
 param.vendor.default=未知
 
 bundle-type.win-app=Windows 应用程序映像
-bundle-type.win-exe=EXE 安装程序包
-bundle-type.win-msi=MSI 安装程序包
+bundle-type.win-exe=Windows EXE 安装程序
+bundle-type.win-msi=Windows MSI 安装程序
 bundle-type.mac-app=Mac 应用程序映像
 bundle-type.mac-dmg=Mac DMG 程序包
 bundle-type.mac-pkg=Mac PKG 程序包
 bundle-type.linux-app=Linux 应用程序映像
-bundle-type.linux-deb=DEB 包
-bundle-type.linux-rpm=RPM 包
+bundle-type.linux-deb=Linux DEB 程序包
+bundle-type.linux-rpm=Linux RPM 程序包
+
+summary.property.operation=操作
+summary.property.operation.format=创建 {0}
+summary.property.output-bundle=输出包
+summary.property.version=版本
+summary.warning=WARNING: {0}
+summary.multi-line-warning=WARNING: {0}:
+
+summary.value.disabled=已禁用
+summary.value.enabled=已启用
 
 resource.post-app-image-script=要在填充应用程序映像之后运行的脚本
 
@@ -43,13 +53,28 @@ message.using-default-resource=使用默认程序包资源 {0} {1}（将 {2} 添
 message.no-default-resource=无默认程序包资源 {0}（将 {1} 添加到 resource-dir 中以进行定制）。
 message.using-custom-resource-from-file=使用定制程序包资源 {0} (从文件 {1} 加载)。
 message.using-custom-resource=使用定制程序包资源 {0} (从 {1} 加载)。
-message.creating-app-bundle=正在 {1} 中创建应用程序包 {0}
+
+message.create-package=正在构建输出程序包文件...
+message.create-app-image=正在构建输出应用程序映像目录...
+message.package-created=已成功构建输出程序包文件
+message.app-image-created=已成功构建输出应用程序映像目录
+
 message.debug-working-directory=用于调试的已保留工作目录: {0}
-message.bundle-created=已成功地构建 {0} 程序包
+
 message.module-version=正在将模块 "{1}" 中的版本 "{0}" 用作应用程序版本
+message.release-version=将预定义运行时的 "release" 文件中的版本 "{0}" 用作程序包版本
+message.version-normalized=使用版本 "{0}"，该版本已从 "{1}" 规范化为平台支持的格式
 
-message.error-header={0}
+message.error-header=错误：{0}
 message.advice-header=修复建议：{0}
+message.failed-command-output-header=命令输出:
+
+progress.warning-header=WARNING: {0}
+progress.warning-header2=WARNING: {0}: {1}
+
+error.command-failed-unexpected-output=执行命令 {0} 时出现意外的输出
+error.command-failed-unexpected-exit-code=执行命令 {1} 时出现意外的退出代码 {0}
+error.command-failed-timed-out=超时命令 {0}
 
 error.version-string-empty=版本不能为空字符串
 error.version-string-zero-length-component=版本 [{0}] 包含长度为零的组件
@@ -75,13 +100,19 @@ error.parameter-not-directory=为参数 {1} 提供的值 "{0}" 不是目录
 error.parameter-not-empty-directory=为参数 {1} 提供的值 "{0}" 不是空目录或是不存在的路径
 error.parameter-not-url=为参数 {1} 提供的值 "{0}" 不是有效的 URL
 error.parameter-not-launcher-shortcut-dir=为参数 {1} 提供的值 "{0}" 不是有效的快捷方式启动目录
+error.parameter-not-mac-bundle=为参数 {1} 提供的值 "{0}" 不是有效的 macOS 包
+error.parameter-not-mac-bundle-identifier=为参数 {1} 提供的值 "{0}" 不是有效的 macOS 包标识符。
+error.parameter-not-mac-bundle-identifier.advice=包标识符必须是仅包含字母数字字符（A-Z、a-z 和 0-9）、连字符 (-) 和句点 (.) 的非空字符串
 error.path-parameter-ioexception=访问参数 {1} 的路径值 "{0}" 时出现 I/O 错误
+error.parameter-invalid-value=为参数 {1} 提供的值 "{0}" 无效
 error.parameter-add-launcher-malformed=为参数 {1} 提供的值 "{0}" 与模式 <name>=<file path> 不匹配
 error.parameter-add-launcher-not-file=为其他启动程序 "{1}" 提供的属性文件 "{0}" 的路径值不是有效的文件路径
 error.properties-parameter-not-path=为 "{2}" 文件中的属性 "{1}" 提供的值 "{0}" 不是有效路径
 error.properties-parameter-not-file=为 "{2}" 文件中的属性 "{1}" 提供的值 "{0}" 不是文件
+error.properties-parameter-not-directory=为 "{2}" 文件中的属性 "{1}" 提供的值 "{0}" 不是目录
 error.properties-parameter-not-launcher-shortcut-dir=为 "{2}" 文件中的属性 "{1}" 提供的值 "{0}" 不是有效的快捷方式启动目录
 
+error.no-extensions-for-file-association=没有为文件关联号 {0} 指定扩展名
 error.no-content-types-for-file-association=没有为文件关联号{0}指定 MIME 类型
 error.no-content-types-for-file-association.advice=为文件关联号 {0} 指定 MIME 类型
 error.too-many-content-types-for-file-association=为文件关联号{0}指定了多个 MIME 类型
@@ -96,7 +127,11 @@ error.tool-not-found.advice=请安装 "{0}"
 error.tool-old-version=找不到 "{0}" {1} 或更新版本
 error.tool-old-version.advice=请安装 "{0}" {1} 或更新版本
 
-error.jlink.failed=jlink 失败，出现 {0}
+warning.tempdir.cleanup-failed=无法清除临时目录 {0}
+warning.tempdir.cleanup-file-failed=无法删除临时目录中的 "{0}" 文件
+
+error.output-bundle-cannot-be-overwritten=输出程序包文件 "{0}" 已存在且无法删除。
+
 error.blocked.option=不允许在 --jlink-options 中使用 jlink 选项 [{0}]
 error.no.name=未使用 --name 指定名称，无法从 app-image 推断名称
 error.no.name.advice=使用 --name 指定名称
diff --git a/src/jdk.jpackage/windows/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/WinResources_de.properties b/src/jdk.jpackage/windows/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/WinResources_de.properties
index baaba64b398..a615f87841b 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jpackage/windows/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/WinResources_de.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jpackage/windows/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/WinResources_de.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,8 +36,12 @@ resource.launcher-as-service-wix-file=WiX-Projektdatei für Serviceinstallations
 resource.wix-src-conv=XSLT-Stylesheet zum Konvertieren von WiX-Quellen vom Format WiX v3 in WiX v4
 resource.installer-exe=Ausführbares Installationsprogramm
 
-error.no-wix-tools=WiX-Tools nicht gefunden. Gesucht wurden WiX v3 light.exe und candle.exe oder WiX v4/v5 wix.exe, aber keine der Dateien wurde gefunden
-error.no-wix-tools.advice=Laden Sie WiX 3.0 oder höher von https://wixtoolset.org herunter, und fügen Sie es zu PATH hinzu.
+summary.property.win-product-code=MSI-ProductCode
+summary.property.win-upgrade-code=MSI-UpgradeCode
+summary.property.win-wix-version=WiX-Toolkitversion
+
+error.no-wix-tools=Keine verwendbare WiX Toolset-Installation gefunden
+error.no-wix-tools.advice=Installieren Sie die neueste WiX-Version v3 von https://github.com/wixtoolset/wix3/releases oder WiX v4+ von https://github.com/wixtoolset/wix/releases
 error.version-string-wrong-format.advice=Setzen Sie den Wert des --app-version-Parameters auf eine gültige ProductVersion des Windows-Installationsprogramms.
 error.msi-product-version-components=Versionszeichenfolge [{0}] muss zwischen 2 und 4 Komponenten aufweisen.
 error.msi-product-version-major-out-of-range=Hauptversion muss im Bereich [0, 255] liegen
@@ -45,7 +49,6 @@ error.msi-product-version-build-out-of-range=Build-Teil der Version muss im Bere
 error.msi-product-version-minor-out-of-range=Nebenversion muss im Bereich [0, 255] liegen
 error.version-swap=Versionsinformationen für {0} konnten nicht aktualisiert werden
 error.icon-swap=Symbol für {0} konnte nicht aktualisiert werden
-error.invalid-envvar=Ungültiger Wert der {0}-Umgebungsvariable
 error.lock-resource=Sperren nicht erfolgreich: {0}
 error.unlock-resource=Aufheben der Sperre nicht erfolgreich: {0}
 error.read-wix-l10n-file=Datei {0} konnte nicht geparst werden
@@ -55,14 +58,5 @@ error.missing-service-installer=Serviceinstallationsprogramm "service-installer.
 error.missing-service-installer.advice=Fügen Sie das Serviceinstallationsprogramm "service-installer.exe" zum Ressourcenverzeichnis hinzu
 
 message.icon-not-ico=Das angegebene Symbol "{0}" ist keine ICO-Datei und wird nicht verwendet. Stattdessen wird das Standardsymbol verwendet.
-message.potential.windows.defender.issue=Warnung: Windows Defender verhindert eventuell die korrekte Ausführung von jpackage. Wenn ein Problem auftritt, deaktivieren Sie das Echtzeitmonitoring, oder fügen Sie einen Ausschluss für das Verzeichnis "{0}" hinzu.
-message.outputting-to-location=EXE für Installationsprogramm wird generiert in: {0}.
-message.output-location=Installationsprogramm (.exe) gespeichert in: {0}
 message.tool-version=[{0}]-Version [{1}] erkannt.
-message.wrong-tool-version=[{0}]-Version {1} wurde erkannt. Erforderlich ist jedoch Version {2}.
-message.use-wix36-features=WiX {0} erkannt. Erweiterte Bereinigungsaktion wird aktiviert.
-message.product-code=MSI-ProductCode: {0}.
-message.upgrade-code=MSI-UpgradeCode: {0}.
 message.preparing-msi-config=MSI-Konfiguration wird vorbereitet: {0}.
-message.generating-msi=MSI wird generiert: {0}.
-
diff --git a/src/jdk.jpackage/windows/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/WinResources_ja.properties b/src/jdk.jpackage/windows/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/WinResources_ja.properties
index 119c7532b1f..2cd43d436e8 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jpackage/windows/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/WinResources_ja.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jpackage/windows/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/WinResources_ja.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,8 +36,12 @@ resource.launcher-as-service-wix-file=サービス・インストーラWiXプロ
 resource.wix-src-conv=WiXソースをWiX v3からWiX v4フォーマットに変換するXSLTスタイルシート
 resource.installer-exe=インストーラ実行可能ファイル
 
-error.no-wix-tools=WiXツールが見つかりません。WiX v3 light.exeとcandle.exeまたはWiX v4/v5 wix.exeを探しましたが、いずれも見つかりませんでした
-error.no-wix-tools.advice=WiX 3.0以降をhttps://wixtoolset.orgからダウンロードし、PATHに追加します。
+summary.property.win-product-code=MSI ProductCode
+summary.property.win-upgrade-code=MSI UpgradeCode
+summary.property.win-wix-version=WiX Toolkitバージョン
+
+error.no-wix-tools=使用可能なWiX Toolsetインストールが見つかりません
+error.no-wix-tools.advice=最新のWiX v3をhttps://github.com/wixtoolset/wix3/releasesからインストールするか、WiX v4+をhttps://github.com/wixtoolset/wix/releasesからインストールしてください
 error.version-string-wrong-format.advice=--app-versionパラメータの値を有効なWindows Installer ProductVersionに設定します。
 error.msi-product-version-components=バージョン文字列[{0}]には、2から4つのコンポーネントが含まれている必要があります。
 error.msi-product-version-major-out-of-range=メジャー・バージョンは範囲[0, 255]内である必要があります
@@ -45,7 +49,6 @@ error.msi-product-version-build-out-of-range=バージョンのビルド部分
 error.msi-product-version-minor-out-of-range=マイナー・バージョンは範囲[0, 255]内である必要があります
 error.version-swap={0}のバージョン情報の更新に失敗しました
 error.icon-swap={0}のアイコンの更新に失敗しました
-error.invalid-envvar={0}環境変数の値が無効です
 error.lock-resource=ロックに失敗しました: {0}
 error.unlock-resource=ロック解除に失敗しました: {0}
 error.read-wix-l10n-file={0}ファイルの解析に失敗しました
@@ -55,14 +58,5 @@ error.missing-service-installer=リソース・ディレクトリに'service-ins
 error.missing-service-installer.advice=リソース・ディレクトリに'service-installer.exe'サービス・インストーラを追加します
 
 message.icon-not-ico=指定したアイコン"{0}"はICOファイルではなく、使用されません。デフォルト・アイコンがその位置に使用されます。
-message.potential.windows.defender.issue=警告: Windows Defenderが原因でjpackageが機能しないことがあります。問題が発生した場合は、リアルタイム・モニタリングを無効にするか、ディレクトリ"{0}"の除外を追加することにより、問題に対処できます。
-message.outputting-to-location=インストーラのEXEを次に生成しています: {0}
-message.output-location=インストーラ(.exe)は次に保存されました: {0}
 message.tool-version=[{0}]バージョン[{1}]が検出されました。
-message.wrong-tool-version=[{0}]バージョン{1}が検出されましたが、バージョン{2}が必要です。
-message.use-wix36-features=WiX {0}が検出されました。拡張クリーンアップ・アクションを有効化しています。
-message.product-code=MSI ProductCode: {0}。
-message.upgrade-code=MSI UpgradeCode: {0}。
 message.preparing-msi-config=MSI構成を準備しています: {0}
-message.generating-msi=MSIを生成しています: {0}。
-
diff --git a/src/jdk.jpackage/windows/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/WinResources_zh_CN.properties b/src/jdk.jpackage/windows/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/WinResources_zh_CN.properties
index 66d8a9d8b96..4c0c2e826ba 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jpackage/windows/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/WinResources_zh_CN.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jpackage/windows/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/resources/WinResources_zh_CN.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,8 +36,12 @@ resource.launcher-as-service-wix-file=服务安装程序 WiX 项目文件
 resource.wix-src-conv=将 WiX 源码从 WiX v3 格式转换为 WiX v4 格式的 XSLT 样式表
 resource.installer-exe=安装程序可执行文件
 
-error.no-wix-tools=找不到 WiX 工具。已查找 WiX v3 light.exe 和 candle.exe 或 WiX v4/v5 wix.exe，但都未找到
-error.no-wix-tools.advice=从 https://wixtoolset.org 下载 WiX 3.0 或更高版本，然后将其添加到 PATH。
+summary.property.win-product-code=MSI ProductCode
+summary.property.win-upgrade-code=MSI UpgradeCode
+summary.property.win-wix-version=WiX 工具包版本
+
+error.no-wix-tools=未找到可用的 WiX 工具集安装
+error.no-wix-tools.advice=从 https://github.com/wixtoolset/wix3/releases 安装最新的 WiX v3，或从 https://github.com/wixtoolset/wix/releases 安装 WiX v4+
 error.version-string-wrong-format.advice=将 --app-version 参数的值设置为有效的 Windows Installer ProductVersion。
 error.msi-product-version-components=版本字符串 [{0}] 必须包含 2 到 4 个组成部分。
 error.msi-product-version-major-out-of-range=主版本必须位于 [0, 255] 范围中
@@ -45,7 +49,6 @@ error.msi-product-version-build-out-of-range=版本的工作版本部分必须
 error.msi-product-version-minor-out-of-range=次版本必须位于 [0, 255] 范围中
 error.version-swap=无法更新 {0} 的版本信息
 error.icon-swap=无法更新 {0} 的图标
-error.invalid-envvar={0} 环境变量的值无效
 error.lock-resource=无法锁定：{0}
 error.unlock-resource=无法解锁：{0}
 error.read-wix-l10n-file=无法解析 {0} 文件
@@ -55,14 +58,5 @@ error.missing-service-installer=在资源目录中找不到 'service-installer.e
 error.missing-service-installer.advice=将 'service-installer.exe' 服务安装程序添加到资源目录
 
 message.icon-not-ico=指定的图标 "{0}" 不是 ICO 文件, 不会使用。将使用默认图标代替。
-message.potential.windows.defender.issue=警告：Windows Defender 可能会阻止 jpackage 正常工作。如果存在问题，可以通过禁用实时监视或者为目录 "{0}" 添加排除项来解决。
-message.outputting-to-location=正在为安装程序生成 EXE, 位置: {0}。
-message.output-location=安装程序 (.exe) 已保存到: {0}
 message.tool-version=检测到 [{0}] 版本 [{1}]。
-message.wrong-tool-version=检测到 [{0}] 版本 {1}, 但需要版本 {2}。
-message.use-wix36-features=检测到 WiX {0}。正在启用高级清除操作。
-message.product-code=MSI ProductCode：{0}。
-message.upgrade-code=MSI UpgradeCode：{0}。
 message.preparing-msi-config=正在准备 MSI 配置: {0}。
-message.generating-msi=正在生成 MSI: {0}。
-

From 9c3a662c07084298c80f823ddab2730ade4661c4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Hannes=20Walln=C3=B6fer?= <hannesw@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 2026 19:53:11 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 032/707] 8386865: Fix links in JDK 27 JavaDoc API
 documentation

Reviewed-by: iris, naoto, jlu
---
 .../share/classes/java/util/spi/LocaleNameProvider.java   | 8 ++++----
 .../sun/util/locale/provider/LocaleNameProviderImpl.java  | 4 ++--
 2 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/spi/LocaleNameProvider.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/spi/LocaleNameProvider.java
index 2109a4cead1..eebfc93ac76 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/spi/LocaleNameProvider.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/spi/LocaleNameProvider.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ protected LocaleNameProvider() {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns a localized name for the given <a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/bcp/bcp47.txt">
+     * Returns a localized name for the given <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp47/">
      * IETF BCP47</a> language code and the given locale that is appropriate for
      * display to the user.
      * For example, if {@code languageCode} is "fr" and {@code locale}
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ protected LocaleNameProvider() {
     public abstract String getDisplayLanguage(String languageCode, Locale locale);
 
     /**
-     * Returns a localized name for the given <a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/bcp/bcp47.txt">
+     * Returns a localized name for the given <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp47/">
      * IETF BCP47</a> script code and the given locale that is appropriate for
      * display to the user.
      * For example, if {@code scriptCode} is "Latn" and {@code locale}
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ public String getDisplayScript(String scriptCode, Locale locale) {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns a localized name for the given <a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/bcp/bcp47.txt">
+     * Returns a localized name for the given <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp47/">
      * IETF BCP47</a> region code (either ISO 3166 country code or UN M.49 area
      * codes) and the given locale that is appropriate for display to the user.
      * For example, if {@code countryCode} is "FR" and {@code locale}
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/provider/LocaleNameProviderImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/provider/LocaleNameProviderImpl.java
index a0a0b6f5785..fc879282e20 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/provider/LocaleNameProviderImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/provider/LocaleNameProviderImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ public String getDisplayLanguage(String lang, Locale locale) {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns a localized name for the given <a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/bcp/bcp47.txt">
+     * Returns a localized name for the given <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp47/">
      * IETF BCP47</a> script code and the given locale that is appropriate for
      * display to the user.
      * For example, if <code>scriptCode</code> is "Latn" and <code>locale</code>

From db008b3396628199168463ea44de5402b936736e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ioi Lam <iklam@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 2026 21:24:42 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 033/707] 8386562: JVM crashes when StackMapTable attribute is
 too long

Reviewed-by: stuefe, coleenp
---
 src/hotspot/share/memory/metaspace.cpp        |  8 +-
 .../classFileParserBug/StackMapTooLong.java   | 88 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 93 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/classFileParserBug/StackMapTooLong.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/memory/metaspace.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/memory/metaspace.cpp
index b97ae9ab540..8b8b80cd893 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/memory/metaspace.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/memory/metaspace.cpp
@@ -867,8 +867,10 @@ size_t Metaspace::max_allocation_word_size() {
 // Callers are responsible for checking null.
 MetaWord* Metaspace::allocate(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, size_t word_size,
                               MetaspaceObj::Type type) {
-  assert(word_size <= Metaspace::max_allocation_word_size(),
-         "allocation size too large (%zu)", word_size);
+  if (word_size > Metaspace::max_allocation_word_size()) {
+    log_warning(gc, metaspace)("allocation size too large (%zu words)", word_size);
+    return nullptr;
+  }
 
   assert(loader_data != nullptr, "Should never pass around a null loader_data. "
         "ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data() should have been used.");
@@ -913,7 +915,7 @@ MetaWord* Metaspace::allocate(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, size_t word_size,
     tracer()->report_metaspace_allocation_failure(loader_data, word_size, type, mdtype);
 
     // Allocation failed.
-    if (is_init_completed()) {
+    if (is_init_completed() && word_size <= Metaspace::max_allocation_word_size()) {
       // Only start a GC if the bootstrapping has completed.
       // Try to clean out some heap memory and retry. This can prevent premature
       // expansion of the metaspace.
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/classFileParserBug/StackMapTooLong.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/classFileParserBug/StackMapTooLong.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..130b7f539ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/classFileParserBug/StackMapTooLong.java
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test Very large StackMapTable should cause OutOfMemoryError and not VM crash.
+ * @bug 8386562
+ * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/asm
+ * @run main StackMapTooLong
+ */
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import static org.objectweb.asm.Opcodes.*;
+import org.objectweb.asm.*;
+
+public class StackMapTooLong {
+    private static String BadClass = "BadClass";
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        byte[] classFile = dumpBadClass();
+
+        try {
+            MethodHandles.lookup().defineClass(classFile);
+            throw new RuntimeException("OutOfMemoryError expected but not thrown!");
+        } catch (OutOfMemoryError expected) {}
+    }
+
+    static class LargeStackMapTable extends Attribute {
+        LargeStackMapTable() {
+            super("StackMapTable");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isCodeAttribute() {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected ByteVector write(ClassWriter cw, byte[] code,
+                                   int codeLength, int maxStack, int maxLocals) {
+            int len = 16 * 1024 * 1024 + 1; // Too large to be allocated by Metaspace::allocate()
+            ByteVector bv = new ByteVector();
+            bv.putByteArray(new byte[len], 0, len);
+            return bv;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static byte[] dumpBadClass() throws Exception {
+        ClassWriter classWriter = new ClassWriter(0);
+        MethodVisitor methodVisitor;
+
+        classWriter.visit(51, ACC_SUPER, BadClass, null, "java/lang/Object",
+                          null);
+
+        {
+            methodVisitor =
+                classWriter.visitMethod(ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_STATIC, "main",
+                                        "([Ljava/lang/String;)V", null, null);
+            methodVisitor.visitCode();
+            methodVisitor.visitInsn(RETURN);
+            methodVisitor.visitAttribute(new LargeStackMapTable());
+            methodVisitor.visitMaxs(0, 1);
+            methodVisitor.visitEnd();
+        }
+        classWriter.visitEnd();
+
+        return classWriter.toByteArray();
+    }
+}

From ee9616d4a43006f932774f9a5d421dc46a91d5d6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jatin Bhateja <jbhateja@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 2026 04:10:28 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 034/707] 8386155: C2 Vector API: missing truncation in
 VectorNode::push_through_replicate

Reviewed-by: mhaessig, epeter
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp         |   7 +
 .../TestTruncationAfterReassociation.java     | 447 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 454 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestTruncationAfterReassociation.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
index d1b8b89b0b3..a0454a41044 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
@@ -1416,6 +1416,13 @@ Node* VectorNode::push_through_replicate(PhaseGVN* phase) {
 
   sop = phase->transform(sop);
 
+  // For subword types, the scalar operation computes at int width and may
+  // produce values outside the subword range. Narrow the result unconditionally
+  // before feeding it to Replicate.
+  if (is_subword_type(bt)) {
+    sop = Compile::narrow_value(bt, sop, Type::get_const_basic_type(bt), phase, true);
+  }
+
   return new ReplicateNode(sop, vect_type());
 }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestTruncationAfterReassociation.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestTruncationAfterReassociation.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2c4b10e7e2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestTruncationAfterReassociation.java
@@ -0,0 +1,447 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8386155
+ * @summary Test missing trunctation after subword vector operation reassociation
+ * @modules jdk.incubator.vector
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run driver compiler.vectorapi.TestTruncationAfterReassociation
+ */
+
+package compiler.vectorapi;
+
+import compiler.lib.generators.Generator;
+import compiler.lib.generators.Generators;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import compiler.lib.verify.Verify;
+import jdk.incubator.vector.*;
+
+public class TestTruncationAfterReassociation {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestFramework.runWithFlags("--add-modules=jdk.incubator.vector");
+    }
+
+    static final VectorSpecies<Byte>  BSP = ByteVector.SPECIES_PREFERRED;
+    static final VectorSpecies<Short> SSP = ShortVector.SPECIES_PREFERRED;
+
+    // Random value source (covers the full integer range, biased towards
+    // interesting/special values such as 0, MIN, MAX and powers of two).
+    static final Generator<Integer> INT_GEN = Generators.G.ints();
+
+    static final int RAND_ITERS = 2048;
+
+    static byte  B_127  = (byte) 127;
+    static byte  B_N16  = (byte) -16;
+    static byte  B_N7   = (byte) -7;
+    static byte  B_100  = (byte) 100;
+    static byte  B_4    = (byte) 4;
+    static byte  B_5    = (byte) 5;
+    static byte  B_10   = (byte) 10;
+    static byte  B_N128 = (byte) -128;
+    static byte  B_1    = (byte) 1;
+
+    static short S_32767  = (short) 32767;
+    static short S_N16    = (short) -16;
+    static short S_N7     = (short) -7;
+    static short S_200    = (short) 200;
+    static short S_5      = (short) 5;
+    static short S_10     = (short) 10;
+    static short S_N32768 = (short) -32768;
+    static short S_1      = (short) 1;
+
+    static byte  bmul(byte x, byte y)  { return (byte) (x * y); }
+    static byte  badd(byte x, byte y)  { return (byte) (x + y); }
+    static byte  bsub(byte x, byte y)  { return (byte) (x - y); }
+    static byte  bmax(byte x, byte y)  { return (byte) Math.max(x, y); }
+    static byte  bmin(byte x, byte y)  { return (byte) Math.min(x, y); }
+
+    static short smul(short x, short y) { return (short) (x * y); }
+    static short sadd(short x, short y) { return (short) (x + y); }
+    static short ssub(short x, short y) { return (short) (x - y); }
+    static short smax(short x, short y) { return (short) Math.max(x, y); }
+    static short smin(short x, short y) { return (short) Math.min(x, y); }
+
+    @Test
+    static byte bug_8386155_reproducer() {
+        return ByteVector.broadcast(ByteVector.SPECIES_64, (byte) 127)
+                // Expected: mul is truncated to signed byte: 127 * -16 = (byte)-2032 = 16
+                .mul((byte) -16)
+                // Expected: max(16, -7) = 16
+                .max((byte) -7)
+                .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "bug_8386155_reproducer")
+    static void run_bug_8386155_reproducer() {
+        Verify.checkEQ(bug_8386155_reproducer(), (byte) 16);
+    }
+
+    /* =========================================================
+     * BYTE: <overflowing ADD/SUB/MUL> then <MAX/MIN>.
+     * ========================================================= */
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.MUL_VB, IRNode.MAX_VB },
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"},
+        counts = { IRNode.MUL_I, ">= 1", IRNode.MAX_I, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.LSHIFT_I, ">= 1", IRNode.RSHIFT_I, ">= 1" })
+    static byte byte_mul_then_max() {
+        return ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_127)
+                .mul(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_N16))
+                .max(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_N7))
+                .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "byte_mul_then_max")
+    static void run_byte_mul_then_max() {
+        Verify.checkEQ(byte_mul_then_max(), bmax(bmul(B_127, B_N16), B_N7));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.MUL_VB, IRNode.MIN_VB },
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"},
+        counts = { IRNode.MUL_I, ">= 1", IRNode.MIN_I, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.LSHIFT_I, ">= 1", IRNode.RSHIFT_I, ">= 1" })
+    static byte byte_mul_then_min() {
+        return ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_100)
+                .mul(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_4))
+                .min(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_5))
+                .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "byte_mul_then_min")
+    static void run_byte_mul_then_min() {
+        Verify.checkEQ(byte_mul_then_min(), bmin(bmul(B_100, B_4), B_5));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.ADD_VB, IRNode.MAX_VB },
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"},
+        counts = { IRNode.ADD_I, ">= 1", IRNode.MAX_I, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.LSHIFT_I, ">= 1", IRNode.RSHIFT_I, ">= 1" })
+    static byte byte_add_then_max() {
+        return ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_127)
+                .add(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_127))
+                .max(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_5))
+                .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "byte_add_then_max")
+    static void run_byte_add_then_max() {
+        Verify.checkEQ(byte_add_then_max(), bmax(badd(B_127, B_127), B_5));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.ADD_VB, IRNode.MIN_VB },
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"},
+        counts = { IRNode.ADD_I, ">= 1", IRNode.MIN_I, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.LSHIFT_I, ">= 1", IRNode.RSHIFT_I, ">= 1" })
+    static byte byte_add_then_min() {
+        return ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_127)
+                .add(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_127))
+                .min(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_10))
+                .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "byte_add_then_min")
+    static void run_byte_add_then_min() {
+        Verify.checkEQ(byte_add_then_min(), bmin(badd(B_127, B_127), B_10));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.SUB_VB, IRNode.MAX_VB },
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"},
+        counts = { IRNode.SUB_I, ">= 1", IRNode.MAX_I, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.LSHIFT_I, ">= 1", IRNode.RSHIFT_I, ">= 1" })
+    static byte byte_sub_then_max() {
+        return ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_N128)
+                .sub(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_1))
+                .max(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_10))
+                .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "byte_sub_then_max")
+    static void run_byte_sub_then_max() {
+        Verify.checkEQ(byte_sub_then_max(), bmax(bsub(B_N128, B_1), B_10));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.SUB_VB, IRNode.MIN_VB },
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"},
+        counts = { IRNode.SUB_I, ">= 1", IRNode.MIN_I, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.LSHIFT_I, ">= 1", IRNode.RSHIFT_I, ">= 1" })
+    static byte byte_sub_then_min() {
+        return ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_N128)
+                .sub(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_1))
+                .min(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_10))
+                .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "byte_sub_then_min")
+    static void run_byte_sub_then_min() {
+        Verify.checkEQ(byte_sub_then_min(), bmin(bsub(B_N128, B_1), B_10));
+    }
+
+    /* =========================================================
+     * SHORT: <overflowing ADD/SUB/MUL> then <MAX/MIN>.
+     * ========================================================= */
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.MUL_VS, IRNode.MAX_VS },
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"},
+        counts = { IRNode.MUL_I, ">= 1", IRNode.MAX_I, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.LSHIFT_I, ">= 1", IRNode.RSHIFT_I, ">= 1" })
+    static short short_mul_then_max() {
+        return ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, S_32767)
+                .mul(ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, S_N16))
+                .max(ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, S_N7))
+                .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "short_mul_then_max")
+    static void run_short_mul_then_max() {
+        Verify.checkEQ(short_mul_then_max(), smax(smul(S_32767, S_N16), S_N7));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.MUL_VS, IRNode.MIN_VS },
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"},
+        counts = { IRNode.MUL_I, ">= 1", IRNode.MIN_I, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.LSHIFT_I, ">= 1", IRNode.RSHIFT_I, ">= 1" })
+    static short short_mul_then_min() {
+        return ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, S_200)
+                .mul(ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, S_200))
+                .min(ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, S_5))
+                .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "short_mul_then_min")
+    static void run_short_mul_then_min() {
+        Verify.checkEQ(short_mul_then_min(), smin(smul(S_200, S_200), S_5));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.ADD_VS, IRNode.MAX_VS },
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"},
+        counts = { IRNode.ADD_I, ">= 1", IRNode.MAX_I, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.LSHIFT_I, ">= 1", IRNode.RSHIFT_I, ">= 1" })
+    static short short_add_then_max() {
+        return ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, S_32767)
+                .add(ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, S_32767))
+                .max(ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, S_5))
+                .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "short_add_then_max")
+    static void run_short_add_then_max() {
+        Verify.checkEQ(short_add_then_max(), smax(sadd(S_32767, S_32767), S_5));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.SUB_VS, IRNode.MIN_VS },
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"},
+        counts = { IRNode.SUB_I, ">= 1", IRNode.MIN_I, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.LSHIFT_I, ">= 1", IRNode.RSHIFT_I, ">= 1" })
+    static short short_sub_then_min() {
+        return ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, S_N32768)
+                .sub(ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, S_1))
+                .min(ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, S_10))
+                .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "short_sub_then_min")
+    static void run_short_sub_then_min() {
+        Verify.checkEQ(short_sub_then_min(), smin(ssub(S_N32768, S_1), S_10));
+    }
+
+    // Two independent overflowing products feeding a single max
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.MUL_VB, IRNode.MAX_VB },
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"},
+        counts = { IRNode.MUL_I, ">= 1", IRNode.MAX_I, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.LSHIFT_I, ">= 1", IRNode.RSHIFT_I, ">= 1" })
+    static byte byte_two_muls_then_max() {
+        return ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_127).mul(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_N16))
+                .max(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_100).mul(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_4)))
+                .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "byte_two_muls_then_max")
+    static void run_byte_two_muls_then_max() {
+        Verify.checkEQ(byte_two_muls_then_max(),
+                       bmax(bmul(B_127, B_N16), bmul(B_100, B_4)));
+    }
+
+    // Chained (reassociated) adds whose running value overflows, then a max
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.ADD_VB, IRNode.MAX_VB },
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"},
+        counts = { IRNode.ADD_I, ">= 1", IRNode.MAX_I, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.LSHIFT_I, ">= 1", IRNode.RSHIFT_I, ">= 1" })
+    static byte byte_chain_add_then_max() {
+        return ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_127)
+                .add(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_127))
+                .add(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_127))
+                .max(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_127))
+                .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "byte_chain_add_then_max")
+    static void run_byte_chain_add_then_max() {
+        Verify.checkEQ(byte_chain_add_then_max(),
+                       bmax(badd(badd(B_127, B_127), B_127), B_127));
+    }
+
+    // Overflowing product feeding max then min:
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.MUL_VB, IRNode.MAX_VB, IRNode.MIN_VB },
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"},
+        counts = { IRNode.MUL_I, ">= 1", IRNode.MAX_I, ">= 1", IRNode.MIN_I, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.LSHIFT_I, ">= 1", IRNode.RSHIFT_I, ">= 1" })
+    static byte byte_mul_max_then_min() {
+        return ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_127)
+                .mul(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_N16))
+                .max(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_N7))
+                .min(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, B_10))
+                .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "byte_mul_max_then_min")
+    static void run_byte_mul_max_then_min() {
+        Verify.checkEQ(byte_mul_max_then_min(),
+                       bmin(bmax(bmul(B_127, B_N16), B_N7), B_10));
+    }
+
+    // Two overflowing short products feeding a single min
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.MUL_VS, IRNode.MIN_VS },
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"},
+        counts = { IRNode.MUL_I, ">= 1", IRNode.MIN_I, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.LSHIFT_I, ">= 1", IRNode.RSHIFT_I, ">= 1" })
+    static short short_two_muls_then_min() {
+        return ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, S_200).mul(ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, S_200))
+                .min(ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, S_32767).mul(ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, S_N16)))
+                .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "short_two_muls_then_min")
+    static void run_short_two_muls_then_min() {
+        Verify.checkEQ(short_two_muls_then_min(),
+                       smin(smul(S_200, S_200), smul(S_32767, S_N16)));
+    }
+
+    /* =========================================================
+     * Randomized coverage (Generators).
+     * ========================================================= */
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.MUL_VB, IRNode.MAX_VB },
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"},
+        counts = { IRNode.MUL_I, ">= 1", IRNode.MAX_I, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.LSHIFT_I, ">= 1", IRNode.RSHIFT_I, ">= 1" })
+    static byte rand_byte_mul_then_max(byte a, byte b, byte c) {
+        return ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, a)
+                .mul(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, b))
+                .max(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, c))
+                .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "rand_byte_mul_then_max")
+    static void run_rand_byte_mul_then_max() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < RAND_ITERS; i++) {
+            byte a = INT_GEN.next().byteValue();
+            byte b = INT_GEN.next().byteValue();
+            byte c = INT_GEN.next().byteValue();
+            Verify.checkEQ(rand_byte_mul_then_max(a, b, c), bmax(bmul(a, b), c));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.MUL_VB, IRNode.MIN_VB },
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"},
+        counts = { IRNode.MUL_I, ">= 1", IRNode.MIN_I, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.LSHIFT_I, ">= 1", IRNode.RSHIFT_I, ">= 1" })
+    static byte rand_byte_mul_then_min(byte a, byte b, byte c) {
+        return ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, a)
+                .mul(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, b))
+                .min(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, c))
+                .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "rand_byte_mul_then_min")
+    static void run_rand_byte_mul_then_min() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < RAND_ITERS; i++) {
+            byte a = INT_GEN.next().byteValue();
+            byte b = INT_GEN.next().byteValue();
+            byte c = INT_GEN.next().byteValue();
+            Verify.checkEQ(rand_byte_mul_then_min(a, b, c), bmin(bmul(a, b), c));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.MUL_VS, IRNode.MAX_VS },
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"},
+        counts = { IRNode.MUL_I, ">= 1", IRNode.MAX_I, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.LSHIFT_I, ">= 1", IRNode.RSHIFT_I, ">= 1" })
+    static short rand_short_mul_then_max(short a, short b, short c) {
+        return ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, a)
+                .mul(ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, b))
+                .max(ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, c))
+                .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "rand_short_mul_then_max")
+    static void run_rand_short_mul_then_max() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < RAND_ITERS; i++) {
+            short a = INT_GEN.next().shortValue();
+            short b = INT_GEN.next().shortValue();
+            short c = INT_GEN.next().shortValue();
+            Verify.checkEQ(rand_short_mul_then_max(a, b, c), smax(smul(a, b), c));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.MUL_VS, IRNode.MIN_VS },
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"},
+        counts = { IRNode.MUL_I, ">= 1", IRNode.MIN_I, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.LSHIFT_I, ">= 1", IRNode.RSHIFT_I, ">= 1" })
+    static short rand_short_mul_then_min(short a, short b, short c) {
+        return ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, a)
+                .mul(ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, b))
+                .min(ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, c))
+                .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "rand_short_mul_then_min")
+    static void run_rand_short_mul_then_min() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < RAND_ITERS; i++) {
+            short a = INT_GEN.next().shortValue();
+            short b = INT_GEN.next().shortValue();
+            short c = INT_GEN.next().shortValue();
+            Verify.checkEQ(rand_short_mul_then_min(a, b, c), smin(smul(a, b), c));
+        }
+    }
+}

From c60dc06d513ba92ae0442327a2eb921400071261 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Serguei Spitsyn <sspitsyn@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 2026 04:37:55 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 035/707] 8386325: The AttachListener does not do proper
 exception handling

Reviewed-by: kevinw, cjplummer
---
 src/hotspot/share/services/attachListener.cpp | 16 +++++++++++++---
 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/services/attachListener.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/services/attachListener.cpp
index 92d3c302ded..b4e9bd88c1b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/services/attachListener.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/services/attachListener.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -180,7 +180,12 @@ static bool get_bool_sys_prop(const char* name, bool default_value, TRAPS) {
   HandleMark hm(THREAD);
 
   // setup the arguments to getProperty
-  Handle key_str = java_lang_String::create_from_str(name, CHECK_(default_value));
+  Handle key_str = java_lang_String::create_from_str(name, THREAD);
+  if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
+    CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+    return default_value;
+  }
+
   // return value
   JavaValue result(T_OBJECT);
   // public static String getProperty(String key, String def);
@@ -189,7 +194,12 @@ static bool get_bool_sys_prop(const char* name, bool default_value, TRAPS) {
                          vmSymbols::getProperty_name(),
                          vmSymbols::string_string_signature(),
                          key_str,
-                         CHECK_(default_value));
+                         THREAD);
+  if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
+    CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+    return default_value;
+  }
+
   oop value_oop = result.get_oop();
   if (value_oop != nullptr) {
     // convert Java String to utf8 string

From ad075c96bfb35e02eed3ff55d2805dd55a9995d0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Emanuel Peter <epeter@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 2026 06:17:53 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 036/707] =?UTF-8?q?8386597:=20C2:=20TestTruncationWrapFuzz?=
 =?UTF-8?q?er.java=E2=80=8E=20for=20CountedLoop=20detection=20of=20subword?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=20truncated=20iv?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Reviewed-by: mhaessig, qamai
---
 .../loopopts/TestTruncationWrapFuzzer.java    | 535 ++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 535 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestTruncationWrapFuzzer.java

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestTruncationWrapFuzzer.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestTruncationWrapFuzzer.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..915808d07cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestTruncationWrapFuzzer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,535 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8386597 8385855 8386482 8386591 8386830
+ * @summary Fuzz patterns for CountedLoopConverter::has_truncation_wrap
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @compile ../lib/ir_framework/TestFramework.java
+ * @compile ../lib/generators/Generators.java
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.loopopts;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+
+import compiler.lib.compile_framework.*;
+import compiler.lib.generators.*;
+import compiler.lib.template_framework.Template;
+import compiler.lib.template_framework.TemplateToken;
+import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.scope;
+import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.let;
+import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.$;
+
+import compiler.lib.template_framework.library.TestFrameworkClass;
+
+/**
+ * For more basic examples, see:
+ * - TestHasTruncationWrap.java
+ * - TestTruncationWrapEmptyType.java
+ * - TestTruncationWrapPhiTypeUnion.java
+ * - TestTruncationWrapBadCharWrap.java
+ *
+ * So far, this test does not have IR verification, only result verification.
+ *
+ * This test generates a wide range of patterns, and will require a lot of
+ * runs to find a specific code shape.
+ *
+ * Features:
+ * - Truncation patterns, see TRUNCATIONS and randomIVMutation.
+ * - Stride: positive, negative, small and large, see ivMutationWithRandomStride.
+ * - Reference (not compiled) vs test (compiled), and result verification.
+ * - Loop Shapes: for, while, do-while, see LOOP_SHAPES.
+ * - Exit checks: random Comparison, see Comparator and Comparison (signed and unsigned).
+ * - For endless loops / loops that would take too long: early exit via opaqueCheck,
+ *   Note: it is verified that this does not hinder optimization, see:
+ *   TestHasTruncationWrap.java -> testIRShort7.
+ * - Interesting loop bounds: init/limit
+ *   - constant
+ *   - variable, sampled (see getInputTemplate), and modified (no-op, truncate, clamp).
+ * - Extra check dominating the loop: compare against constant of limit.
+ *   Note: has_truncation_wrap can use such checks to constrain the entry type.
+ *   Note2: We've had bugs around this, confusing CmpI/CmpU, see JDK-8385855.
+ */
+public class TestTruncationWrapFuzzer {
+    private static final Random RANDOM = Utils.getRandomInstance();
+    private static final RestrictableGenerator<Integer> INT_GEN = Generators.G.ints();
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // Create a new CompileFramework instance.
+        CompileFramework comp = new CompileFramework();
+
+        long t0 = System.nanoTime();
+        // Add a java source file.
+        comp.addJavaSourceCode("compiler.loopopts.templated.Generated", generate(comp));
+
+        long t1 = System.nanoTime();
+        // Compile the source file.
+        comp.compile();
+
+        long t2 = System.nanoTime();
+
+        // Run the tests without any additional VM flags.
+        comp.invoke("compiler.loopopts.templated.Generated", "main", new Object[] {new String[] {}});
+        long t3 = System.nanoTime();
+
+        System.out.println("Code Generation:  " + (t1-t0) * 1e-9f);
+        System.out.println("Code Compilation: " + (t2-t1) * 1e-9f);
+        System.out.println("Running Tests:    " + (t3-t2) * 1e-9f);
+    }
+
+    public static String generate(CompileFramework comp) {
+        // Create a list to collect all tests.
+        List<TemplateToken> testTemplateTokens = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        // Some utilities, to help us get an additional exit, in case the
+        // generated loops spin too long, or are infinite loops.
+        Template.ZeroArgs utilsTemplate = Template.make(() -> scope(
+            """
+            private static final Random RANDOM = Utils.getRandomInstance();
+
+            public static int opaqueCounter;
+            public static int opaqueCounterMax;
+
+            @DontInline
+            public static void opaqueReset() {
+                opaqueCounter = 0;
+            }
+
+            @DontInline
+            public static boolean opaqueCheck() {
+                return (opaqueCounter++) > opaqueCounterMax;
+            }
+
+            @DontInline
+            public static int opaqueSum(int i, int j) {
+                return i + j + 1;
+            }
+            """
+        ));
+        testTemplateTokens.add(utilsTemplate.asToken());
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+            testTemplateTokens.add(generateTest(/* no warmup, like -Xcomp */ 0));
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+            testTemplateTokens.add(generateTest(/* with warmup, slower */ 100));
+        }
+
+        // Create the test class, which runs all testTemplateTokens.
+        return TestFrameworkClass.render(
+            // package and class name.
+            "compiler.loopopts.templated", "Generated",
+            // List of imports.
+            Set.of("compiler.lib.generators.*",
+                   "java.util.Random",
+                   "jdk.test.lib.Utils"),
+            // classpath, so the Test VM has access to the compiled class files.
+            comp.getEscapedClassPathOfCompiledClasses(),
+            // The list of tests.
+            testTemplateTokens);
+    }
+
+    // This is copied from TestFoldComparesFuzzer.java, and we should
+    // refactor this out into the template framework library, in a
+    // future RFE.
+    enum Comparator {
+        ULT(" <  0", false),
+        ULE(" <= 0", false),
+        UGT(" >  0", false),
+        UGE(" >= 0", false),
+        UEQ(" == 0", false),
+        UNE(" != 0", false),
+        LT(" <  ", true),
+        LE(" <= ", true),
+        GT(" >  ", true),
+        GE(" >= ", true),
+        EQ(" == ", true),
+        NE(" != ", true);
+
+        private final String token;
+        private final boolean signed;
+
+        Comparator(String token, boolean signed) {
+            this.token = token;
+            this.signed = signed;
+        }
+
+        public String getToken() {
+            return token;
+        }
+
+        public boolean isSigned() {
+            return signed;
+        }
+
+        public Comparator negate() {
+            return switch(this) {
+                case ULT -> UGE;
+                case ULE -> UGT;
+                case UGT -> ULE;
+                case UGE -> ULT;
+                case UEQ -> UNE;
+                case UNE -> UEQ;
+                case LT -> GE;
+                case LE -> GT;
+                case GT -> LE;
+                case GE -> LT;
+                case EQ -> NE;
+                case NE -> EQ;
+            };
+        }
+
+        public Comparator flip() {
+            return switch(this) {
+                case ULT -> UGT;
+                case ULE -> UGE;
+                case UGT -> ULT;
+                case UGE -> ULE;
+                case UEQ -> UEQ;
+                case UNE -> UNE;
+                case LT -> GT;
+                case LE -> GE;
+                case GT -> LT;
+                case GE -> LE;
+                case EQ -> EQ;
+                case NE -> NE;
+            };
+        }
+
+        static Comparator random() {
+            return values()[RANDOM.nextInt(values().length)];
+        }
+    }
+
+    record Comparison(String lhs, Comparator cmp, String rhs, boolean negated) {
+        public Comparison(String lhs, Comparator cmp, String rhs) {
+            this(lhs, cmp, rhs, false);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return cmp.isSigned()
+                ? ((negated ? "!" : "") + "(" + lhs + " "+ cmp.getToken() + " " + rhs + ")")
+                : ((negated ? "!" : "") + "(Integer.compareUnsigned(" + lhs + ", " + rhs + ")" + cmp.getToken() + ")");
+        }
+
+        // Keep the same semantics of the test, but change its form.
+        Comparison permuteRandom() {
+            return flipRandom().complementRandom();
+        }
+
+        Comparison flipRandom() {
+            return RANDOM.nextBoolean() ? this : new Comparison(rhs, cmp.flip(), lhs);
+        }
+
+        Comparison complementRandom() {
+            return RANDOM.nextBoolean() ? this : new Comparison(lhs, cmp.negate(), rhs, true);
+        }
+    }
+
+    interface TestMethodGenerator {
+        Template.OneArg<String> getTestTemplate();
+
+        default Template.ZeroArgs getInputTemplate() {
+            return Template.make(() -> scope(
+                switch (RANDOM.nextInt(5)) {
+                    case 0 -> """
+                              RestrictableGenerator<Integer> gen = Generators.G.ints();
+                              int init  = gen.next();
+                              int limit = gen.next();
+                              """;
+                    case 1 -> """
+                              int init  = (byte)RANDOM.nextInt();
+                              int limit = (byte)RANDOM.nextInt();
+                              """;
+                    case 2 -> """
+                              int init  = (short)RANDOM.nextInt();
+                              int limit = (short)RANDOM.nextInt();
+                              """;
+                    case 3 -> """
+                              int init  = (char)RANDOM.nextInt();
+                              int limit = (char)RANDOM.nextInt();
+                              """;
+                    case 4 -> """
+                              int e0 = RANDOM.nextInt(32);
+                              int e1 = RANDOM.nextInt(32);
+                              int r0 = RANDOM.nextInt(32);
+                              int r1 = RANDOM.nextInt(32);
+                              int init  = (1 << e0) + r0;
+                              int limit = (1 << e1) + r1;
+                              """;
+                    default -> throw new RuntimeException("not expected");
+                }
+            ));
+        };
+    }
+
+    private static record Truncation(String s0, String s1) {
+        public String ivMutationWithRandomStride() {
+            int stride = switch(RANDOM.nextInt(3)) {
+                case 0 -> INT_GEN.next();
+                case 1 -> RANDOM.nextInt(9) - 4;
+                case 2 -> RANDOM.nextInt(129) - 64;
+                default -> throw new RuntimeException("not expected");
+            };
+
+            return "i = " + s0 + "i + " + stride + s1;
+        }
+
+        public String truncate(String val) {
+            return val + " = " + s0 + val + s1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Different patterns relevant for triggering truncation/wrap.
+    private static final Truncation[] TRUNCATIONS = new Truncation[] {
+        new Truncation("", ""),
+        new Truncation("(byte)(", ")"),
+        new Truncation("(short)(", ")"),
+        new Truncation("(char)(", ")"),
+        new Truncation("((", ") << 8) >> 8"),
+        new Truncation("((", ") << 16) >> 16"),
+        new Truncation("((", ") << 24) >> 24"),
+        new Truncation("((", ") & 0x7f)"),
+        new Truncation("((", ") & 0xff)"),
+        new Truncation("((", ") & 0x7fff)"),
+        new Truncation("((", ") & 0xffff)")
+    };
+
+    private static Truncation randomTruncation() {
+        return TRUNCATIONS[RANDOM.nextInt(TRUNCATIONS.length)];
+    }
+
+    private static String randomIVMutation() {
+        return randomTruncation().ivMutationWithRandomStride();
+    }
+
+    private static String randomTruncation(String val) {
+        return randomTruncation().truncate(val);
+    }
+
+    private static final String[] LOOP_SHAPES = new String[] {
+        """
+        // Loop Shape: For
+        int i;
+        for (i = init; #exitCheck; #ivMutation) {
+            sum = opaqueSum(sum, #addValue);
+            if (opaqueCheck()) { break; }
+        }
+        """,
+        """
+        // Loop Shape: While:
+        int i = init;
+        while (#exitCheck) {
+            sum = opaqueSum(sum, #addValue);
+            if (opaqueCheck()) { break; }
+            #ivMutation;
+        }
+        """,
+        """
+        // Loop Shape: Do-While:
+        int i = init;
+        do {
+            sum = opaqueSum(sum, #addValue);
+            if (opaqueCheck()) { break; }
+            #ivMutation;
+        } while (#exitCheck);
+        """,
+        """
+        // Loop Shape: Do-While + pre-loop check.
+        int i = init;
+        if (!(#exitCheck)) { return sum; }
+        do {
+            sum = opaqueSum(sum, #addValue);
+            if (opaqueCheck()) { break; }
+            #ivMutation;
+        } while (#exitCheck);
+        """
+    };
+
+    private static String randomLoopShape() {
+        return LOOP_SHAPES[RANDOM.nextInt(LOOP_SHAPES.length)];
+    }
+
+    // Loop init/limit are constants.
+    static class TestMethodGeneratorConst implements TestMethodGenerator {
+        private final int init  = INT_GEN.next();
+        private final int limit = INT_GEN.next();
+
+        private final String ivMutation = randomIVMutation();
+        private final String loopShape = randomLoopShape();
+        private final String addValue = RANDOM.nextBoolean() ? "0" : "i";
+
+        private final Comparison exitCheck = new Comparison("i", Comparator.random(), "limit").permuteRandom();
+
+        private final Template.OneArg<String> testTemplate = Template.make("methodName", (String methodName) -> scope(
+            let("init", init),
+            let("limit", limit),
+            let("ivMutation", ivMutation),
+            let("exitCheck", exitCheck),
+            let("addValue", addValue),
+            """
+            static int #methodName(int unused0, int unused1) {
+                opaqueReset();
+                int init  = #init;
+                int limit = #limit;
+                int sum = 0;
+            """,
+            loopShape,
+            """
+                return sum + #addValue;
+            }
+            """
+        ));
+
+        public Template.OneArg<String> getTestTemplate() { return testTemplate; }
+    }
+
+    // Clamp randomly, but not always on both sides.
+    private static String randomClamping(String value) {
+        String clamp = value;
+        if (RANDOM.nextBoolean()) {
+            clamp = "Math.max(" + clamp + ", " + INT_GEN.next() + ")";
+        }
+        if (RANDOM.nextBoolean()) {
+            clamp = "Math.min(" + clamp + ", " + INT_GEN.next() + ")";
+        }
+        return value + " = " + clamp;
+    }
+
+    // We want to be able to modify the incoming init/limit.
+    // - nothing
+    // - truncate
+    // - clamp with min/max, maybe even only one-sided
+    private static String randomModifyValue(String value) {
+        return switch(RANDOM.nextInt(3)) {
+            case 0 -> "// Don't modify " + value + "\n";
+            case 1 -> randomTruncation(value) + ";\n";
+            case 2 -> randomClamping(value) + ";\n";
+            default -> throw new RuntimeException("not expected");
+        };
+    }
+
+    private static String randomExtraCheck() {
+        // We can constrain the init value with limit or a constant.
+        String other = RANDOM.nextBoolean() ? "limit" : INT_GEN.next().toString();
+        Comparison check = new Comparison("init", Comparator.random(), other).permuteRandom();
+        return RANDOM.nextBoolean()
+               ? "// No extra check.\n"
+               : "if (" + check + ") { return -1; }\n";
+    }
+
+    // Loop init/limit are variables.
+    static class TestMethodGeneratorVars implements TestMethodGenerator {
+        private final String ivMutation  = randomIVMutation();
+        private final String loopShape   = randomLoopShape();
+        private final String addValue = RANDOM.nextBoolean() ? "0" : "i";
+        private final String modifyInit  = randomModifyValue("init");
+        private final String modifyLimit = randomModifyValue("limit");
+        private final String extraCheck  = randomExtraCheck();
+
+        private final Comparison exitCheck = new Comparison("i", Comparator.random(), "limit").permuteRandom();
+
+        private final Template.OneArg<String> testTemplate = Template.make("methodName", (String methodName) -> scope(
+            let("ivMutation", ivMutation),
+            let("exitCheck", exitCheck),
+            let("addValue", addValue),
+            """
+            static int #methodName(int init, int limit) {
+                opaqueReset();
+                int sum = 0;
+            """,
+            modifyInit,  // modify type of init
+            modifyLimit, // modify type of limit
+            extraCheck,  // extra CmpI/CmpU dominating the loop, might constrain entry value.
+            loopShape,
+            """
+                return sum + #addValue;
+            }
+            """
+        ));
+
+        public Template.OneArg<String> getTestTemplate() { return testTemplate; }
+    }
+    public static TemplateToken generateTest(int warmup) {
+        TestMethodGenerator tg = switch(RANDOM.nextInt(2)) {
+            case 0 -> new TestMethodGeneratorConst();
+            case 1 -> new TestMethodGeneratorVars();
+            default -> throw new RuntimeException("not expected");
+        };
+        Template.ZeroArgs testInputTemplate = tg.getInputTemplate();
+        Template.OneArg<String> testMethodTemplate = tg.getTestTemplate();
+
+        var testTemplate = Template.make(() -> scope(
+            let("warmup", warmup),
+            """
+            // --- $test start ---
+            @Run(test = "$test")
+            @Warmup(#warmup)
+            public static void $run(RunInfo info) {
+                int reps = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 100;
+                for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++) {
+                    // Generate random values for init and limit.
+                    """,
+                    testInputTemplate.asToken(),
+                    """
+
+                    // Limit how long we can spin in the loop:
+                    opaqueCounterMax = 10_000 + RANDOM.nextInt(1000);
+
+                    // Run test and compare with interpreter results.
+                    var result   =      $test(init, limit);
+                    var expected = $reference(init, limit);
+                    if (result != expected) {
+                        throw new RuntimeException("wrong result: " + result + " vs " + expected
+                                                   + "\\ninit:  " + init
+                                                   + "\\nlimit: " + limit
+                                                   + "\\nopaqueCounterMax: " + opaqueCounterMax);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            @Test
+            """,
+            testMethodTemplate.asToken($("test")),
+            """
+
+            @DontCompile
+            """,
+            testMethodTemplate.asToken($("reference")),
+            """
+            // --- $test end   ---
+            """
+        ));
+        return testTemplate.asToken();
+    }
+}

From 9556c417b345d47a4786eda9fc2203b00b924bcd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 2026 07:31:52 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 037/707] 8386878: [make] BUILD_LIBZIP_EXCLUDES seems to be
 unused

Reviewed-by: erikj
---
 make/modules/java.base/lib/CoreLibraries.gmk | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/make/modules/java.base/lib/CoreLibraries.gmk b/make/modules/java.base/lib/CoreLibraries.gmk
index 316103be4cd..164bf3704a8 100644
--- a/make/modules/java.base/lib/CoreLibraries.gmk
+++ b/make/modules/java.base/lib/CoreLibraries.gmk
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ TARGETS += $(BUILD_LIBJAVA)
 ## Build libzip
 ################################################################################
 
-BUILD_LIBZIP_EXCLUDES :=
+LIBZIP_EXCLUDES :=
 ifeq ($(USE_EXTERNAL_LIBZ), true)
   LIBZIP_EXCLUDES += zlib
 endif

From 6f81f7aa7ee05f67aa6ce790430c2780e767d404 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Du=EF=BF=BDan=20B=EF=BF=BDlek?= <dbalek@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 2026 07:48:52 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 038/707] 8173155: JavacTask should have close() method

Reviewed-by: jlahoda, cstein
---
 .../com/sun/source/util/JavacTask.java        |  17 +-
 .../sun/tools/javac/api/BasicJavacTask.java   |   7 +-
 .../sun/tools/javac/api/JavacTaskImpl.java    |   7 +-
 .../tools/javac/api/TestJavacTask_Close.java  | 171 ++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 198 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/langtools/tools/javac/api/TestJavacTask_Close.java

diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/source/util/JavacTask.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/source/util/JavacTask.java
index af47f9073f9..29018cfe00d 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/source/util/JavacTask.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/source/util/JavacTask.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
  * @author Jonathan Gibbons
  * @since 1.6
  */
-public abstract class JavacTask implements CompilationTask {
+public abstract class JavacTask implements CompilationTask, AutoCloseable {
     /**
      * Constructor for subclasses to call.
      */
@@ -101,6 +101,19 @@ public abstract Iterable<? extends CompilationUnitTree> parse()
      */
     public abstract Iterable<? extends JavaFileObject> generate() throws IOException;
 
+    /**
+     * Releases any resources opened by this task, either directly or
+     * indirectly. After this method is called, the task becomes unusable,
+     * and subsequent calls to its methods may throw an {@code IllegalStateException}.
+     * Closing a task that has already been closed has no effect.
+     *
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs while releasing resources.
+     * @throws IllegalStateException if the operation cannot be performed at this time.
+     * @since 28
+     */
+    @Override
+    public abstract void close() throws IOException;
+
     /**
      * Sets a specified listener to receive notification of events
      * describing the progress of this compilation task.
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/api/BasicJavacTask.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/api/BasicJavacTask.java
index 8bad3f64c38..c334d491174 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/api/BasicJavacTask.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/api/BasicJavacTask.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -109,6 +109,11 @@ public Iterable<? extends JavaFileObject> generate() {
         throw new IllegalStateException();
     }
 
+    @Override @DefinedBy(Api.COMPILER_TREE)
+    public void close() {
+        throw new IllegalStateException();
+    }
+
     @Override @DefinedBy(Api.COMPILER_TREE)
     public void setTaskListener(TaskListener tl) {
         MultiTaskListener mtl = MultiTaskListener.instance(context);
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/api/JavacTaskImpl.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/api/JavacTaskImpl.java
index bc597876778..32fe6bd98ce 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/api/JavacTaskImpl.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/api/JavacTaskImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -495,6 +495,11 @@ public void process(Env<AttrContext> env) {
         return results;
     }
 
+    @Override @DefinedBy(Api.COMPILER_TREE)
+    public void close() {
+        cleanup();
+    }
+
     public void ensureEntered() {
         args.allowEmpty();
         enter(null);
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/api/TestJavacTask_Close.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/api/TestJavacTask_Close.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0b331498d0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/api/TestJavacTask_Close.java
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8173155
+ * @summary Cannot release resources after partial compilation
+ * @library /tools/lib
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.api
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.main
+ * @build toolbox.JarTask toolbox.JavacTask toolbox.ToolBox
+ * @run junit ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+import java.io.Closeable;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.net.URLClassLoader;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.List;
+import javax.tools.ForwardingJavaFileManager;
+import javax.tools.JavaCompiler;
+import javax.tools.JavaFileManager;
+import javax.tools.JavaFileObject;
+import javax.tools.SimpleJavaFileObject;
+import javax.tools.ToolProvider;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInfo;
+import toolbox.ToolBox;
+import toolbox.JarTask;
+import toolbox.JavacTask;
+
+
+public class TestJavacTask_Close {
+
+    private Path base;
+
+    @Test
+    void testClose() throws Exception {
+        Path jar = createJar();
+
+        JavaCompiler compiler = ToolProvider.getSystemJavaCompiler();
+        JavaFileObject compilationUnit = SimpleJavaFileObject.forSource(URI.create("string:///Test.java"),
+                """
+                public class Test {
+                    private Lib lib;
+                }
+                """);
+
+        boolean[] state = new boolean[] {false, false};
+        try (FM fm = new FM(compiler.getStandardFileManager(null, null, null), state)) {
+            com.sun.source.util.JavacTask task = (com.sun.source.util.JavacTask) compiler.getTask(
+                    null, fm, null, List.of("-classpath", jar.toString()), null, List.of(compilationUnit));
+            Assertions.assertNotNull(task.parse(), "parse() failed");
+            task.close();
+            Assertions.assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> task.analyze(), "analyze() on closed task");
+        }
+
+        Assertions.assertTrue(state[0], "URLClassLoader not created");
+        Assertions.assertTrue(state[1], "URLClassLoader not closed");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testRepeatedClose() throws Exception {
+        Path jar = createJar();
+
+        JavaCompiler compiler = ToolProvider.getSystemJavaCompiler();
+        JavaFileObject compilationUnit = SimpleJavaFileObject.forSource(URI.create("string:///Test.java"),
+                """
+                public class Test {
+                    private Lib lib;
+                }
+                """);
+
+        boolean[] state = new boolean[] {false, false};
+        try (FM fm = new FM(compiler.getStandardFileManager(null, null, null), state);
+             com.sun.source.util.JavacTask task = (com.sun.source.util.JavacTask) compiler.getTask(
+                     null, fm, null, List.of("-classpath", jar.toString()), null, List.of(compilationUnit))) {
+            Assertions.assertEquals(true, task.call(), "Compilation task failed");
+        }
+
+        Assertions.assertTrue(state[0], "URLClassLoader not created");
+        Assertions.assertTrue(state[1], "URLClassLoader not closed");
+    }
+
+    @BeforeEach
+    public void setUp(TestInfo info) {
+        base = Paths.get(".")
+                    .resolve(info.getTestMethod()
+                                 .orElseThrow()
+                                 .getName());
+    }
+
+    private Path createJar() throws IOException {
+        Path jarSrc = base.resolve("jarSrc");
+        Path jarClasses = base.resolve("jarClasses");
+        Path jar = base.resolve("jar.jar");
+        Files.createDirectories(jarClasses);
+
+        ToolBox tb = new ToolBox();
+        tb.writeJavaFiles(jarSrc, "public class Lib { }");
+
+        new JavacTask(tb)
+                .outdir(jarClasses)
+                .files(tb.findJavaFiles(jarSrc))
+                .run()
+                .writeAll();
+        new JarTask(tb)
+                .run("cf", jar.toString(), "-C", jarClasses.toString(), ".");
+
+        return jar;
+    }
+
+    private static class FM extends ForwardingJavaFileManager {
+
+        private final boolean[] state;
+
+        private FM(JavaFileManager fileManager, boolean[] state) {
+            super(fileManager);
+            this.state = state;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public ClassLoader getClassLoader(Location location) {
+            ClassLoader cl = super.getClassLoader(location);
+            return cl instanceof URLClassLoader urlCl ? new CL(urlCl, state) : cl;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static class CL extends ClassLoader implements Closeable {
+
+        private final URLClassLoader urlCl;
+        private final boolean[] state;
+
+        private CL(URLClassLoader urlCl, boolean[] state) {
+            this.urlCl = urlCl;
+            this.state = state;
+            this.state[0] = true;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void close() throws IOException {
+            state[1] = true;
+            urlCl.close();
+        }
+    }
+}

From 96a1a9d2f50f27d9b97e7b04c70b7b2bccf2e0cd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Oli Gillespie <ogillespie@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 2026 09:24:30 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 039/707] 8386372: Add ConcurrentSkipListMap to map stress test

Reviewed-by: vklang
---
 .../jdk/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap/MapLoops.java | 5 +++--
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap/MapLoops.java b/test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap/MapLoops.java
index 0f52bc67f08..4a96530e026 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap/MapLoops.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap/MapLoops.java
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 4486658
- * @summary Exercise multithreaded maps, by default ConcurrentHashMap.
+ * @summary Exercise multithreaded maps.
  * Multithreaded hash table test.  Each thread does a random walk
  * though elements of "key" array. On each iteration, it checks if
  * table includes key.  If absent, with probability pinsert it
@@ -42,7 +42,8 @@
  * it.  (pinsert and premove are expressed as percentages to simplify
  * parsing from command line.)
  * @library /test/lib
- * @run main/timeout=1600 MapLoops
+ * @run main/timeout=1600 MapLoops java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap
+ * @run main/timeout=1600 MapLoops java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentSkipListMap
  */
 
 import static java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS;

From 7ca9ae1dfe0ae7d786b8cf0957cd1f777da5642c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jaikiran Pai <jpai@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 2026 11:58:09 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 040/707] 8385891: Introduce a test for GZIPInputStream whose
 underlying stream is a blocking InputStream

Reviewed-by: lancea
---
 .../zip/GZIP/GZIPOverBlockingStreams.java     | 406 ++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 406 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/java/util/zip/GZIP/GZIPOverBlockingStreams.java

diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/zip/GZIP/GZIPOverBlockingStreams.java b/test/jdk/java/util/zip/GZIP/GZIPOverBlockingStreams.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..81f55f2f0dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/zip/GZIP/GZIPOverBlockingStreams.java
@@ -0,0 +1,406 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.DataInputStream;
+import java.io.DataOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
+import java.net.ServerSocket;
+import java.net.Socket;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.zip.GZIPInputStream;
+import java.util.zip.GZIPOutputStream;
+
+import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpExchange;
+import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpHandler;
+import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer;
+import jdk.test.lib.RandomFactory;
+import jdk.test.lib.net.URIBuilder;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.US_ASCII;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.fail;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Verifies that the GZIPInputStream works as expected when the underlying
+ *          InputStream is a blocking stream
+ * @key randomness
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @build jdk.test.lib.net.URIBuilder jdk.test.lib.RandomFactory
+ * @run junit GZIPOverBlockingStreams
+ */
+class GZIPOverBlockingStreams {
+
+    private static final Random random = RandomFactory.getRandom();
+    private static final String MEMBER_CONTENT_FORMAT = "Hello member %d, foo bar hello world\n";
+    private static final ExecutorService httpServerExecutor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
+
+    private static Server nonHttpServer;
+    private static HttpServer httpServer;
+
+
+    @BeforeAll
+    static void beforeAll() throws Exception {
+        // create a socket based (non-HTTP) server
+        nonHttpServer = new Server();
+        nonHttpServer.start();
+        System.err.println("(non-HTTP) server started at " + nonHttpServer.getAddress());
+
+        // create a HTTP server
+        final InetAddress loopback = InetAddress.getLoopbackAddress();
+        final InetSocketAddress serverAddr = new InetSocketAddress(loopback, 0);
+        httpServer = HttpServer.create(serverAddr, 0);
+        httpServer.setExecutor(httpServerExecutor);
+        httpServer.createContext("/", new HttpReqHandler());
+        httpServer.start();
+        System.err.println("started HTTP server at " + httpServer.getAddress());
+
+    }
+
+    @AfterAll
+    static void afterAll() throws Exception {
+        if (nonHttpServer != null) {
+            System.err.println("stopping server " + nonHttpServer.getAddress());
+            nonHttpServer.close();
+        }
+        if (httpServer != null) {
+            System.err.println("stopping HTTP server " + httpServer.getAddress());
+            httpServer.stop(0);
+        }
+        httpServerExecutor.shutdownNow();
+    }
+
+    static List<Integer> numGZIPMembers() {
+        return List.of(1,
+                13,
+                42,
+                random.nextInt(2, 101) // a reasonable number of members, not too many
+        );
+    }
+
+    static List<Arguments> socketStreamTestArgs() {
+        final List<Arguments> args = new ArrayList<>();
+        final List<Integer> numMembers = numGZIPMembers();
+        for (boolean shouldCloseSocket : new boolean[]{true, false}) {
+            for (int n : numMembers) {
+                args.add(Arguments.of(n, shouldCloseSocket));
+            }
+        }
+        return args;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Verifies that when the GZIPInputStream is used to read GZIP content
+     * over a socket stream, it does not block when reading past a member trailer to determine
+     * the presence of a subsequent member.
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("socketStreamTestArgs")
+    void testSocketStream(final int numMembers, final boolean shouldCloseSocket) throws Exception {
+        final InetSocketAddress serverAddr = nonHttpServer.getAddress();
+        try (final Socket socket = new Socket(serverAddr.getAddress(), serverAddr.getPort())) {
+            System.err.println("connect established " + socket);
+            try (final OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
+                 final DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(os)) {
+                // instruct the server side the number of GZIP members we want in the response
+                dos.writeInt(numMembers);
+                // instruct the server side whether to close the socket after writing out the
+                // response
+                dos.writeBoolean(shouldCloseSocket);
+                System.err.println("sent request for GZIP stream with " + numMembers + " members");
+                // read the response
+                try (final InputStream in = socket.getInputStream();
+                     final GZIPInputStream gzipInputStream = new GZIPInputStream(in)) {
+                    final byte[] decompressed = gzipInputStream.readAllBytes();
+                    System.err.println("read " + decompressed.length
+                            + " bytes of decompressed response");
+                    // verify it's the expected content
+                    assertDecompressedContent(numMembers, decompressed);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        final Throwable serverFailure = nonHttpServer.failure;
+        if (serverFailure != null) {
+            fail("Server ran into an error", serverFailure);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static List<Arguments> httpTestArgs() {
+        final List<Arguments> args = new ArrayList<>();
+        final List<Integer> numMembers = numGZIPMembers();
+        for (boolean chunkedOrNot : new boolean[]{true, false}) {
+            for (int n : numMembers) {
+                args.add(Arguments.of(n, chunkedOrNot));
+            }
+        }
+        return args;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Verifies that when the GZIPInputStream is used to read GZIP content,
+     * over a stream obtained from a HTTP response, it does not block when reading past a member
+     * trailer to determine the presence of a subsequent member.
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("httpTestArgs")
+    void testHttpStream(final int numMembers, final boolean httpResponseChunked) throws Exception {
+        final URI reqURI = URIBuilder.newBuilder()
+                .scheme("http")
+                .loopback()
+                .port(httpServer.getAddress().getPort())
+                .path("/")
+                .build();
+        final HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) reqURI.toURL().openConnection();
+        conn.setRequestProperty("numMembers", String.valueOf(numMembers));
+        conn.setRequestProperty("chunkedResponse", String.valueOf(httpResponseChunked));
+        System.err.println("issuing request " + reqURI);
+        try (final InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
+             final GZIPInputStream gzipInputStream = new GZIPInputStream(in)) {
+            final byte[] decompressed = gzipInputStream.readAllBytes();
+            System.err.println("read " + decompressed.length
+                    + " bytes of decompressed response");
+            assertDecompressedContent(numMembers, decompressed);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Creates and returns bytes representing a GZIP stream consisting of the given number of
+     * members.
+     */
+    private static byte[] createGZIPStream(final int numMembers) throws IOException {
+        final ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        for (int i = 1; i <= numMembers; i++) {
+            final ByteArrayOutputStream member = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+            try (final OutputStream gzip = new GZIPOutputStream(member)) {
+                final String memberContent = String.format(MEMBER_CONTENT_FORMAT, i);
+                gzip.write(memberContent.getBytes(US_ASCII));
+            }
+            // write out the GZIP member to the stream which accumulates all the members
+            baos.write(member.toByteArray());
+        }
+        return baos.toByteArray();
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Verifies that the given decompressed bytes, representing the given number of
+     * GZIP members, do match the expected content.
+     */
+    private static void assertDecompressedContent(final int numMembers,
+                                                  final byte[] decompressed) {
+        final String actual = new String(decompressed, US_ASCII);
+        final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+        for (int i = 1; i <= numMembers; i++) {
+            sb.append(String.format(MEMBER_CONTENT_FORMAT, i));
+        }
+        final String expected = sb.toString();
+        assertEquals(expected, actual, "unexpected decompressed content");
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * A server which communicates over a socket to receive a request consisting of an integer
+     * representing the number of GZIP members to respond with. The server then responds back
+     * on the socket's OutputStream with GZIP content representing those many members.
+     */
+    private static final class Server implements AutoCloseable, Runnable {
+        private final ServerSocket serverSocket;
+        private volatile boolean stop;
+        private volatile Throwable failure;
+
+        private Server() throws IOException {
+            this.serverSocket = new ServerSocket(0, 0, InetAddress.getLoopbackAddress());
+        }
+
+        private InetSocketAddress getAddress() {
+            return (InetSocketAddress) this.serverSocket.getLocalSocketAddress();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void close() throws IOException {
+            this.stop = true;
+            System.err.println("closing server: " + this.serverSocket);
+            this.serverSocket.close();
+        }
+
+        private void start() {
+            final Thread t = new Thread(this);
+            t.setName("server");
+            t.setDaemon(true);
+            t.start();
+        }
+
+        private synchronized void recordServerFailure(final Throwable t) {
+            Throwable previous = this.failure;
+            if (previous != null && previous != t) {
+                previous.addSuppressed(t);
+                return;
+            }
+            this.failure = t;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+            System.err.println("server started accepting requests at " + this.serverSocket);
+            try {
+                doRun();
+            } catch (Throwable t) {
+                if (!stop) { // ignore failures if the server is stopped
+                    recordServerFailure(t);
+                    System.err.println("server ran into error: " + t);
+                    t.printStackTrace();
+                }
+            } finally {
+                try {
+                    this.close();
+                } catch (IOException ioe) {
+                    System.err.println("ignoring excpetion " +
+                            "that happened during closing server: " + ioe);
+                    ioe.printStackTrace();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void doRun() throws Exception {
+            while (!this.stop) {
+                // we intentionally do not close the Socket. It's upto the
+                // sendGZIPResponse(...) method to do that only if the test
+                // request has instructed it to do so. This allows the test
+                // method to exercise the case where the socket is open
+                // but doesn't have any more data to send (and thus read() blocks)
+                final Socket socket = this.serverSocket.accept();
+                System.err.println("accepted connection from " + socket);
+                // handle the request on a separate thread
+                final Thread handler = new Thread(() -> {
+                    try {
+                        handleRequest(socket);
+                    } catch (Throwable t) {
+                        // keep track of the failure
+                        recordServerFailure(t);
+                        System.err.println("failure when handling request on socket "
+                                + socket + ", exception: " + t);
+                        t.printStackTrace();
+                    }
+                });
+                handler.setName("request-handler-" + socket.getRemoteSocketAddress());
+                handler.setDaemon(true);
+                handler.start();
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static void handleRequest(final Socket socket) throws IOException {
+            final int numMembers;
+            final boolean shouldCloseSocket;
+            try {
+                final InputStream in = socket.getInputStream();
+                final DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(in);
+                // read the socket's inputstream to determine how many GZIP members are
+                // expected in the response stream, by the client
+                numMembers = dis.readInt();
+                // whether the socket should be closed after writing out the response
+                shouldCloseSocket = dis.readBoolean();
+            } catch (IOException ioe) {
+                // could be a socket connection from an unexpected client, so ignore any
+                // failure when reading the request
+                System.err.println("Ignoring exception that happened when reading" +
+                        " request from client socket " + socket + ", exception: " + ioe);
+                ioe.printStackTrace();
+                // close the unexpected client connection
+                socket.close();
+                return;
+            }
+            // valid request, respond to it with a GZIP response
+            sendGZIPResponse(socket, numMembers, shouldCloseSocket);
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * Sends GZIP content over the socket's OutputStream. This method closes the socket
+         * only if the test request (read over the socket's InputStream) instructs it to do so.
+         */
+        private static void sendGZIPResponse(final Socket socket, final int numMembers,
+                                             final boolean shouldCloseSocket) throws IOException {
+            // respond back with a GZIP output, containing the expected number of members
+            final byte[] gzipResponse = createGZIPStream(numMembers);
+            System.err.println("responding to " + socket + " with a GZIP stream of size "
+                    + gzipResponse.length + " with " + numMembers + " members");
+            final OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
+            os.write(gzipResponse);
+            System.err.println("done responding to " + socket);
+            // close the socket only if the test request wants us to
+            if (shouldCloseSocket) {
+                System.err.println("closing " + socket);
+                socket.close();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * A HTTP request handler which responds back with chunked or non-chunked
+     * response containing GZIP content.
+     */
+    private static final class HttpReqHandler implements HttpHandler {
+
+        @Override
+        public void handle(final HttpExchange exchange) throws IOException {
+            final URI reqURI = exchange.getRequestURI();
+            System.err.println("handling request: " + reqURI + " from "
+                    + exchange.getRemoteAddress());
+
+            final String val = exchange.getRequestHeaders().getFirst("numMembers");
+            final int numMembers = Integer.parseInt(val);
+            final boolean respChunked = Boolean.parseBoolean(
+                    exchange.getRequestHeaders().getFirst("chunkedResponse"));
+
+            final byte[] gzipResponse = createGZIPStream(numMembers);
+            System.err.println("responding to " + reqURI
+                    + " with a GZIP stream of size " + gzipResponse.length
+                    + " with " + numMembers + " members"
+                    + " with chunked response = " + respChunked);
+
+            // drain the inputstream and write out the response
+            exchange.getRequestBody().readAllBytes();
+            if (respChunked) {
+                exchange.sendResponseHeaders(200, 0); // 0 = Chunked response
+            } else {
+                exchange.sendResponseHeaders(200, gzipResponse.length);
+            }
+            try (final OutputStream os = exchange.getResponseBody()) {
+                os.write(gzipResponse);
+            }
+            System.err.println("done responding to " + reqURI);
+        }
+    }
+}

From 16d0f161ef23d3025b467030fda667ecf13c80dd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 2026 12:08:06 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 041/707] 8386960: BUILD_LIBVERIFY remove special warning
 settings

Reviewed-by: erikj, clanger
---
 make/modules/java.base/lib/CoreLibraries.gmk      | 2 --
 src/java.base/share/native/libverify/check_code.c | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 1 insertion(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/make/modules/java.base/lib/CoreLibraries.gmk b/make/modules/java.base/lib/CoreLibraries.gmk
index 164bf3704a8..8e3891a344c 100644
--- a/make/modules/java.base/lib/CoreLibraries.gmk
+++ b/make/modules/java.base/lib/CoreLibraries.gmk
@@ -35,8 +35,6 @@ ifeq ($(INCLUDE), true)
 $(eval $(call SetupJdkLibrary, BUILD_LIBVERIFY, \
     NAME := verify, \
     OPTIMIZATION := HIGH, \
-    DISABLED_WARNINGS_gcc_check_code.c := unused-variable, \
-    DISABLED_WARNINGS_clang_check_code.c := unused-variable, \
     EXTRA_HEADER_DIRS := libjava, \
     JDK_LIBS := libjvm, \
 ))
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/native/libverify/check_code.c b/src/java.base/share/native/libverify/check_code.c
index e6aebead212..c0cc4ee33e2 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/native/libverify/check_code.c
+++ b/src/java.base/share/native/libverify/check_code.c
@@ -3705,7 +3705,7 @@ CCerror (context_type *context, char *format, ...)
 static void
 CCout_of_memory(context_type *context)
 {
-    int n = print_CCerror_info(context);
+    print_CCerror_info(context);
     context->err_code = CC_OutOfMemory;
     longjmp(context->jump_buffer, 1);
 }

From acbedab7198b4c1de2edd8960bcd6da644a15828 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jayathirth D V <jdv@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 2026 12:33:57 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 042/707] 8384512: BMPImageWriter uses integer division before
 Math.ceil causing incorrect calculation

Reviewed-by: azvegint, prr
---
 .../imageio/plugins/bmp/BMPImageWriter.java   |   6 +-
 .../imageio/plugins/bmp/RLE4PaddingTest.java  | 113 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 116 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/javax/imageio/plugins/bmp/RLE4PaddingTest.java

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/imageio/plugins/bmp/BMPImageWriter.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/imageio/plugins/bmp/BMPImageWriter.java
index ea47d9d35e6..962a47aa922 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/imageio/plugins/bmp/BMPImageWriter.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/imageio/plugins/bmp/BMPImageWriter.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -1111,7 +1111,7 @@ private void encodeRLE4(byte[] bipixels, int scanlineBytes)
                         incCompImageSize(1);
                     }
                     // Padding to word align absolute encoding
-                    if ( !isEven((int)Math.ceil((absVal-1)/2)) ) {
+                    if (!isEven((absVal - 1) / 2)) {
                         stream.writeByte(0);
                         incCompImageSize(1);
                     }
@@ -1247,7 +1247,7 @@ private void encodeRLE4(byte[] bipixels, int scanlineBytes)
                         }
 
                         // Padding
-                        if ( !isEven((int)Math.ceil((absVal+1)/2)) ) {
+                        if (!isEven((absVal + 2) / 2)) {
                             stream.writeByte(0);
                             incCompImageSize(1);
                         }
diff --git a/test/jdk/javax/imageio/plugins/bmp/RLE4PaddingTest.java b/test/jdk/javax/imageio/plugins/bmp/RLE4PaddingTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e1e341fabe0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/javax/imageio/plugins/bmp/RLE4PaddingTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug     8384512
+ * @summary Test verifies that BMP images are encoded correctly with RLE4
+ *          compression and odd number of distinct pixels at the end of
+ *          scanline.
+ */
+
+import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
+import java.awt.image.IndexColorModel;
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import javax.imageio.IIOImage;
+import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
+import javax.imageio.ImageWriteParam;
+import javax.imageio.ImageWriter;
+import javax.imageio.stream.ImageOutputStream;
+
+public class RLE4PaddingTest {
+    private static final int width = 5;
+    private static final int height = 2;
+    private static BufferedImage getTestImage() {
+        // create BufferedImage with width 5 and all distinct pixels,
+        // so that it uses absolute mode for RLE.
+        // If we don't add appropriate padding at end of the scanline,
+        // the encoded data of next scanline will be corrupt.
+        int bpp = 4;
+        int size = 16;
+        byte[] r = new byte[16];
+        byte[] g = new byte[16];
+        byte[] b = new byte[16];
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+            r[i] = g[i] = b[i] = (byte)(i * 16);
+        }
+        IndexColorModel icm = new IndexColorModel(bpp, size, r, g, b);
+        BufferedImage src = new BufferedImage(width, height,
+            BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_INDEXED, icm);
+
+        int[][] rows = {
+            {1, 2, 3, 4, 5},
+            {6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
+        };
+
+        for (int y = 0; y < src.getHeight(); y++) {
+            for (int x = 0; x < src.getWidth(); x++) {
+                src.getRaster().setSample(x, y, 0, rows[y][x]);
+            }
+        }
+        return src;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
+        BufferedImage src = getTestImage();
+
+        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        ImageOutputStream ios = ImageIO.createImageOutputStream(baos);
+        ImageWriter writer = ImageIO.getImageWritersByFormatName("BMP").next();
+        writer.setOutput(ios);
+        ImageWriteParam param = writer.getDefaultWriteParam();
+        param.setCompressionMode(ImageWriteParam.MODE_EXPLICIT);
+        param.setCompressionType("BI_RLE4");
+        writer.write(null, new IIOImage(src, null, null), param);
+        ios.close();
+        baos.close();
+
+        ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(baos.toByteArray());
+        BufferedImage dst = ImageIO.read(bais);
+
+        checkResult(src, dst);
+    }
+
+    private static void checkResult(BufferedImage src, BufferedImage dst) {
+        for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
+            for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
+                int srcRgb = src.getRGB(x, y);
+                int dstRgb = dst.getRGB(x, y);
+
+                if (srcRgb != dstRgb) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Test failed due to color" +
+                        " difference: " + Integer.toHexString(dstRgb) +
+                        " instead of " + Integer.toHexString(srcRgb) +
+                        " at [" + x + ", " + y + "]");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

From e356cbb3958dcd3329765716d8b5376c6a213e89 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ivan Bereziuk <Navi.Bereziuk@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 2026 13:08:15 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 043/707] 8384847: Fix documentation typos around ML-KEM and
 ML-DSA intrinsic code for aarch64

Reviewed-by: adinn, aph
---
 .../cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp     | 77 ++++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 39 insertions(+), 38 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
index 8e9af2b7b8a..f41a54e9d26 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
@@ -4977,7 +4977,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       return start;
     }
     // Implements the double_keccak() method of the
-    // sun.secyrity.provider.SHA3Parallel class
+    // sun.security.provider.SHA3Parallel class
     __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
     start = __ pc();
@@ -5045,7 +5045,8 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ ldpd(v8, v9, __ post(sp, 64));
 
     __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0
+
+    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0 (Java callees return 1. Caller ignores the return value)
     __ ret(lr);
 
     // record the stub entry and end
@@ -5458,7 +5459,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
   // load N/2 pairs of quadword values from memory into N vector
   // registers via the address supplied in base with each pair indexed
-  // using the the start offset plus the corresponding entry in the
+  // using the start offset plus the corresponding entry in the
   // offsets array
   template<int N>
   void vs_ldpq_indexed(const VSeq<N>& v, Register base, int start, int (&offsets)[N/2]) {
@@ -5469,7 +5470,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
   // store N vector registers into N/2 pairs of quadword memory
   // locations via the address supplied in base with each pair indexed
-  // using the the start offset plus the corresponding entry in the
+  // using the start offset plus the corresponding entry in the
   // offsets array
   template<int N>
   void vs_stpq_indexed(const VSeq<N>& v, Register base, int start, int offsets[N/2]) {
@@ -5480,7 +5481,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
   // load N single quadword values from memory into N vector registers
   // via the address supplied in base with each value indexed using
-  // the the start offset plus the corresponding entry in the offsets
+  // the start offset plus the corresponding entry in the offsets
   // array
   template<int N>
   void vs_ldr_indexed(const VSeq<N>& v, Assembler::SIMD_RegVariant T, Register base,
@@ -5492,7 +5493,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
   // store N vector registers into N single quadword memory locations
   // via the address supplied in base with each value indexed using
-  // the the start offset plus the corresponding entry in the offsets
+  // the start offset plus the corresponding entry in the offsets
   // array
   template<int N>
   void vs_str_indexed(const VSeq<N>& v, Assembler::SIMD_RegVariant T, Register base,
@@ -5504,7 +5505,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
   // load N/2 pairs of quadword values from memory de-interleaved into
   // N vector registers 2 at a time via the address supplied in base
-  // with each pair indexed using the the start offset plus the
+  // with each pair indexed using the start offset plus the
   // corresponding entry in the offsets array
   template<int N>
   void vs_ld2_indexed(const VSeq<N>& v, Assembler::SIMD_Arrangement T, Register base,
@@ -5517,7 +5518,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
   // store N vector registers 2 at a time interleaved into N/2 pairs
   // of quadword memory locations via the address supplied in base
-  // with each pair indexed using the the start offset plus the
+  // with each pair indexed using the start offset plus the
   // corresponding entry in the offsets array
   template<int N>
   void vs_st2_indexed(const VSeq<N>& v, Assembler::SIMD_Arrangement T, Register base,
@@ -5776,7 +5777,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     // registers.
     // 3. In the seilerNTT() method we use R = 2^20 for the Montgomery
     // multiplications (this is because that way there should not be any
-    // overflow during the inverse NTT computation), here we usr R = 2^16 so
+    // overflow during the inverse NTT computation), here we use R = 2^16 so
     // that we can use the 16-bit arithmetic in the vector unit.
     //
     // On each level, we fill up the vector registers in such a way that the
@@ -5898,7 +5899,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
     // level 4
     // At level 4 coefficients occur in 8 discrete blocks of size 16
-    // so they are loaded using employing an ldr at 8 distinct offsets.
+    // so they are loaded by employing an ldr at 8 distinct offsets.
 
     vs_ldpq(vq, kyberConsts);
     int offsets3[8] = { 0, 32, 64, 96, 128, 160, 192, 224 };
@@ -5954,7 +5955,6 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     kyber_montmul32_sub_add(vs_even(vs1), vs_odd(vs1), vs_front(vs2), vtmp, vq);
     vs_st2_indexed(vs1, __ T4S, coeffs, tmpAddr, 0, offsets4);
     vs_ld2_indexed(vs1, __ T4S, coeffs, tmpAddr, 128, offsets4);
-    // __ ldpq(v18, v19, __ post(zetas, 32));
     load32shorts(vs_front(vs2), zetas);
     kyber_montmul32_sub_add(vs_even(vs1), vs_odd(vs1), vs_front(vs2), vtmp, vq);
     vs_st2_indexed(vs1, __ T4S, coeffs, tmpAddr, 128, offsets4);
@@ -5970,7 +5970,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     vs_st2_indexed(vs1, __ T4S, coeffs, tmpAddr, 384, offsets4);
 
     __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0
+    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0 (Java callees return 1. Caller ignores the return value)
     __ ret(lr);
 
     // record the stub entry and end
@@ -6067,7 +6067,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
     // level 2
     // At level 2 coefficients occur in 8 discrete blocks of size 16
-    // so they are loaded using employing an ldr at 8 distinct offsets.
+    // so they are loaded by employing an ldr at 8 distinct offsets.
 
     int offsets3[8] = { 0, 32, 64, 96, 128, 160, 192, 224 };
     vs_ldr_indexed(vs1, __ Q, coeffs, 0, offsets3);
@@ -6262,7 +6262,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     store64shorts(vs2, tmpAddr);
 
     __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0
+    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0 (Java callees return 1. Caller ignores the return value)
     __ ret(lr);
 
     // record the stub entry and end
@@ -6407,7 +6407,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ br(Assembler::NE, kyberNttMult_loop);
 
     __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0
+    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0 (Java callees return 1. Caller ignores the return value)
     __ ret(lr);
 
     // record the stub entry and end
@@ -6499,7 +6499,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     }
 
     __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0
+    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0 (Java callees return 1. Caller ignores the return value)
     __ ret(lr);
 
     // record the stub entry and end
@@ -6606,7 +6606,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     }
 
     __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0
+    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0 (Java callees return 1. Caller ignores the return value)
     __ ret(lr);
 
     // record the stub entry and end
@@ -6692,8 +6692,8 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     // twice, one copy manipulated to provide the lower 4 bits
     // belonging to the first short in a pair and another copy
     // manipulated to provide the higher 4 bits belonging to the
-    // second short in a pair. This is why the the vector sequences va
-    // and vb used to hold the expanded 8H elements are of length 8.
+    // second short in a pair. This is why the vector sequences va
+    // and vb are used to hold the expanded 8H elements are of length 8.
 
     // Expand vin[0] into va[0:1], and vin[1] into va[2:3] and va[4:5]
     // n.b. target elements 2 and 3 duplicate elements 4 and 5
@@ -6763,7 +6763,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ br(Assembler::GT, L_loop);
 
     __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0
+    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0 (Java callees return 1. Caller ignores the return value)
     __ ret(lr);
 
     // bind label and generate constant data used by this stub
@@ -6869,7 +6869,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     }
 
     __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0
+    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0 (Java callees return 1. Caller ignores the return value)
     __ ret(lr);
 
     // record the stub entry and end
@@ -6943,7 +6943,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     vs_addv(va0, __ T4S, va0, vc);
   }
 
-  // Perform combined add/sub then montul on 4x4S vectors.
+  // Perform combined add/sub then montmul on 4x4S vectors.
   void dilithium_sub_add_montmul16(
           const VSeq<4>& va0, const VSeq<4>& va1, const VSeq<4>& vb,
           const VSeq<4>& vtmp1, const VSeq<4>& vtmp2, const VSeq<2>& vq) {
@@ -7079,7 +7079,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     // coefficients we load 4 adjacent values at 8 different offsets
     // using an indexed ldr with register variant Q and multiply them
     // in sequence order by the next set of inputs. Likewise we store
-    // the resuls using an indexed str with register variant Q.
+    // the results using an indexed str with register variant Q.
     for (int i = 0; i < 1024; i += 256) {
       // reload constants q, qinv each iteration as they get clobbered later
       vs_ldpq(vq, dilithiumConsts); // qInv, q
@@ -7129,11 +7129,11 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
     // level 7
     // At level 7 the coefficients we need to combine with the zetas
-    // occur singly with montmul inputs alterating with add/sub
+    // occur singly with montmul inputs alternating with add/sub
     // inputs. Once again we can use 4-way parallelism to combine 16
     // zetas at a time. However, we have to load 8 adjacent values at
     // 4 different offsets using an ld2 load with arrangement 4S. That
-    // interleaves the the odd words of each pair into one
+    // interleaves the odd words of each pair into one
     // coefficients vector register and the even words of the pair
     // into the next register. We then need to montmul the 4 even
     // elements of the coefficients register sequence by the zetas in
@@ -7155,7 +7155,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       vs_st2_indexed(vs1, __ T4S, coeffs, tmpAddr, i, offsets);
     }
     __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0
+    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0 (Java callees return 1. Caller ignores the return value)
     __ ret(lr);
 
     // record the stub entry and end
@@ -7334,7 +7334,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       // c0 load 32 (8x4S) coefficients via first offsets
       vs_ldr_indexed(vs1, __ Q, coeffs, i, offsets1);
       // c1 load 32 (8x4S) coefficients via second offsets
-      vs_ldr_indexed(vs2, __ Q,coeffs, i, offsets2);
+      vs_ldr_indexed(vs2, __ Q, coeffs, i, offsets2);
       // a0 = c0 + c1  n.b. clobbers vq which overlaps vs3
       vs_addv(vs3, __ T4S, vs1, vs2);
       // c = c0 - c1
@@ -7355,7 +7355,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     dilithiumInverseNttLevel3_7(dilithiumConsts, coeffs, zetas);
 
     __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0
+    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0 (Java callees return 1. Caller ignores the return value)
     __ ret(lr);
 
     // record the stub entry and end
@@ -7367,8 +7367,8 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   // Dilithium multiply polynomials in the NTT domain.
   // Straightforward implementation of the method
   // static int implDilithiumNttMult(
-  //              int[] result, int[] ntta, int[] nttb {} of
-  // the sun.security.provider.ML_DSA class.
+  //              int[] product, int[] coeffs1, int[] coeffs2) {}
+  // of the sun.security.provider.ML_DSA class.
   //
   // result (int[256]) = c_rarg0
   // poly1 (int[256]) = c_rarg1
@@ -7429,7 +7429,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ br(Assembler::GE, L_loop);
 
     __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0
+    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0 (Java callees return 1. Caller ignores the return value)
     __ ret(lr);
 
     // record the stub entry and end
@@ -7438,10 +7438,10 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     return start;
   }
 
-  // Dilithium Motgomery multiply an array by a constant.
+  // Dilithium Montgomery multiply an array by a constant.
   // A straightforward implementation of the method
   // static int implDilithiumMontMulByConstant(int[] coeffs, int constant) {}
-  // of the sun.security.provider.MLDSA class
+  // of the sun.security.provider.ML_DSA class
   //
   // coeffs (int[256]) = c_rarg0
   // constant (int) = c_rarg1
@@ -7498,7 +7498,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ br(Assembler::GE, L_loop);
 
     __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0
+    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0 (Java callees return 1. Caller ignores the return value)
     __ ret(lr);
 
     // record the stub entry and end
@@ -7509,7 +7509,8 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
   // Dilithium decompose poly.
   // Implements the method
-  // static int implDilithiumDecomposePoly(int[] coeffs, int constant) {}
+  //    static int implDilithiumDecomposePoly(int[] input, int[] lowPart, int[] highPart,
+  //                                          int twoGamma2, int multiplier) {
   // of the sun.security.provider.ML_DSA class
   //
   // input (int[256]) = c_rarg0
@@ -7613,7 +7614,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     vs_andr(vtmp, vs4, twog2);
     vs_subv(vs3, __ T4S, vs3, vtmp);
 
-    //  quotient += (mask & 1);
+    // quotient += (mask & 1);
     vs_andr(vtmp, vs4, one);
     vs_addv(vs2, __ T4S, vs2, vtmp);
 
@@ -7647,7 +7648,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     // r1 = r1 & quotient;
     vs_andr(vs1, vs2, vs1);
 
-    // store results inteleaved
+    // store results interleaved
     // lowPart[m] = r0;
     // highPart[m] = r1;
     __ st4(vs3[0], vs3[1], vs3[2], vs3[3], __ T4S, __ post(lowPart, 64));
@@ -7664,7 +7665,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ ldpd(v8, v9, __ post(sp, 64));
 
     __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0
+    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0 (Java callees return 1. Caller ignores the return value)
     __ ret(lr);
 
     // record the stub entry and end

From fe46d6b1e2e62b9143267827729b0ff9abd80563 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Naoto Sato <naoto@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 2026 16:09:55 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 044/707] 8387041: Add a URL link to BCP 47 in the Locale class

Reviewed-by: jlu, iris
---
 .../share/classes/java/util/Locale.java       | 27 +++++++++++--------
 1 file changed, 16 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Locale.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Locale.java
index 2bab271a489..f600afbb007 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Locale.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Locale.java
@@ -79,9 +79,10 @@
  * the number should be formatted according to the customs and conventions of the
  * user's native country, region, or culture.
  *
- * <p>The {@code Locale} class implements IETF BCP 47 which is composed of
- * <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4647">RFC 4647 "Matching of Language
- * Tags"</a> and <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5646">RFC 5646 "Tags
+ * <p>The {@code Locale} class implements
+ * <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp47">IETF BCP 47</a> which contains
+ * <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4647">RFC 4647 "Matching of Language
+ * Tags"</a> and <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5646">RFC 5646 "Tags
  * for Identifying Languages"</a> with support for the LDML (UTS#35, "Unicode
  * Locale Data Markup Language") BCP 47-compatible extensions for locale data
  * exchange. Each {@code Locale} is associated with locale data which is provided
@@ -101,7 +102,7 @@
  * <p>
  * {@code Locale} implements IETF BCP 47 and any deviations should be observed
  * by the comments prefixed by <em>"BCP 47 deviation:"</em>.
- * <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5646">RFC 5646</a>
+ * <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5646">RFC 5646</a>
  * combines subtags from various ISO (639, 3166, 15924) standards which are also
  * included in the composition of {@code Locale}.
  * Additionally, the full list of valid codes for each field can be found in the
@@ -120,7 +121,7 @@
  *
  *   <dd> <em>Syntax:</em> Well-formed {@code language} values have the form {@code [a-zA-Z]{2,8}}.</dd>
  *   <dd> <em> BCP 47 deviation:</em> this is not the full BCP 47 language production, since it excludes
- *   <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc5646#section-2.2.2">extlang</a>
+ *   <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5646#section-2.2.2">extlang</a>
  *   (as modern three-letter language codes are preferred).</dd>
  *
  *   <dd> <em>Example:</em> "en" (English), "ja" (Japanese), "kok" (Konkani)</dd>
@@ -208,7 +209,7 @@
  * </dl>
  *
  * <b>BCP 47 deviation:</b> BCP47 defines the following two levels of
- * <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc5646#section-2.2.9">conformance</a>,
+ * <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5646#section-2.2.9">conformance</a>,
  * "valid" and "well-formed". A valid tag requires that it is well-formed, its
  * subtag values are registered in the IANA Language Subtag Registry, and it does not
  * contain duplicate variant or extension singleton subtags. The {@code Locale}
@@ -222,8 +223,10 @@
  *
  * <h3><a id="def_locale_extension">Unicode BCP 47 U Extension</a></h3>
  *
- * <p>UTS#35, "Unicode Locale Data Markup Language" defines optional
- * attributes and keywords to override or refine the default behavior
+ * <p>UTS#35, "Unicode Locale Data Markup Language" defines the
+ * <a href="https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr35/#u_Extension">Unicode BCP 47 U Extension</a>,
+ * an extension based on <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6067">RFC 6067</a>,
+ * which describes optional attributes and keywords to override or refine the default behavior
  * associated with a locale.  A keyword is represented by a pair of
  * key and type.  For example, "nu-thai" indicates that Thai local
  * digits (value:"thai") should be used for formatting numbers
@@ -410,7 +413,7 @@
  * with "locale" in the following locale matching documentation.
  *
  * <p>In order to match a user's preferred locales to a set of language
- * tags, <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4647">RFC 4647 Matching of
+ * tags, <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4647">RFC 4647 Matching of
  * Language Tags</a> defines two mechanisms: filtering and lookup.
  * <em>Filtering</em> is used to get all matching locales, whereas
  * <em>lookup</em> is to select the best matching locale.
@@ -546,6 +549,8 @@
  * this mapping, so that resources can be named using either convention,
  * see {@link ResourceBundle.Control}.
  *
+ * @spec https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp47
+ *      IETF BCP 47
  * @spec https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4647
  *      RFC 4647: Matching of Language Tags
  * @spec https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5646
@@ -2985,7 +2990,7 @@ public Locale build() {
 
     /**
      * This enum provides constants to select a filtering mode for locale
-     * matching. Refer to <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4647">RFC 4647
+     * matching. Refer to <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4647">RFC 4647
      * Matching of Language Tags</a> for details.
      *
      * <p>As an example, think of two Language Priority Lists each of which
@@ -3122,7 +3127,7 @@ public static enum FilteringMode {
 
     /**
      * This class expresses a <em>Language Range</em> defined in
-     * <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4647">RFC 4647 Matching of
+     * <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4647">RFC 4647 Matching of
      * Language Tags</a>. A language range is an identifier which is used to
      * select language tag(s) meeting specific requirements by using the
      * mechanisms described in {@linkplain Locale##LocaleMatching Locale

From d3d560f756082aec24fbbcb7a44d94346fcf9e23 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alexey Semenyuk <asemenyuk@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 2026 17:32:34 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 045/707] 8387002: Test
 ManualTests/JPackage/JPKG001/JPKG001_004: CommonLicenseTest fails on Windows
 because the license agreement text is not displayed

Reviewed-by: almatvee
---
 .../jdk/jpackage/internal/RtfConverter.java   |  2 +-
 .../jpackage/internal/RtfConverterTest.java   | 82 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../tools/jpackage/junit/windows/junit.java   |  8 ++
 3 files changed, 91 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/tools/jpackage/junit/windows/jdk.jpackage/jdk/jpackage/internal/RtfConverterTest.java

diff --git a/src/jdk.jpackage/windows/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/RtfConverter.java b/src/jdk.jpackage/windows/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/RtfConverter.java
index 8886afc7918..a0ff70066b9 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jpackage/windows/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/RtfConverter.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jpackage/windows/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/RtfConverter.java
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ static boolean isRtfFile(Path path) throws IOException {
     }
 
     static Optional<RtfConverter> createSimple(Path path) throws IOException {
-        if (isRtfFile(path)) {
+        if (!Files.isDirectory(path) && !isRtfFile(path)) {
             return Optional.of(Details.Simple.VALUE);
         } else {
             return Optional.empty();
diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/jpackage/junit/windows/jdk.jpackage/jdk/jpackage/internal/RtfConverterTest.java b/test/jdk/tools/jpackage/junit/windows/jdk.jpackage/jdk/jpackage/internal/RtfConverterTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0943f6c9733
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/jpackage/junit/windows/jdk.jpackage/jdk/jpackage/internal/RtfConverterTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package jdk.jpackage.internal;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.io.TempDir;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ValueSource;
+
+
+class RtfConverterTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void test_createSimple_dir(@TempDir Path workDir) throws IOException {
+
+        assertEquals(Optional.empty(), RtfConverter.createSimple(workDir));
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @ValueSource(strings = {
+            // Empty value to exercise the case when the file's content is shorter than the RTF's header
+            "",
+            // Value to exercise the case when the file's content is shorter than the RTF's header
+            "Hello",
+            "Hello Duke!",
+    })
+    void test_createSimple_text_file(String text, @TempDir Path workDir) throws IOException {
+
+        final var licenseFile = workDir.resolve("license");
+
+        Files.writeString(licenseFile, text);
+
+        final var conv = RtfConverter.createSimple(licenseFile);
+
+        assertTrue(conv.isPresent());
+
+        conv.orElseThrow().convert(licenseFile);
+
+        assertEquals(Optional.empty(), RtfConverter.createSimple(licenseFile));
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @ValueSource(strings = {
+            "{\\rtf1\\ansi\\deff0{\\fonttbl{\\f0 Arial;}}\\f0\\fs24 Hello, Duke!}",
+    })
+    void test_createSimple_rtf_file(String text, @TempDir Path workDir) throws IOException {
+
+        final var licenseFile = workDir.resolve("license");
+
+        Files.writeString(licenseFile, text);
+
+        assertEquals(Optional.empty(), RtfConverter.createSimple(workDir));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/jpackage/junit/windows/junit.java b/test/jdk/tools/jpackage/junit/windows/junit.java
index 8c290c2c87f..c046589a363 100644
--- a/test/jdk/tools/jpackage/junit/windows/junit.java
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/jpackage/junit/windows/junit.java
@@ -57,3 +57,11 @@
  *    jdk/jpackage/internal/WixToolTest.java
  * @run junit jdk.jpackage/jdk.jpackage.internal.WixToolTest
  */
+
+/* @test
+ * @summary RtfConverter unit tests
+ * @requires (os.family == "windows")
+ * @compile/module=jdk.jpackage -Xlint:all -Werror
+ *    jdk/jpackage/internal/RtfConverterTest.java
+ * @run junit jdk.jpackage/jdk.jpackage.internal.RtfConverterTest
+ */

From b06aa89c60cfad9621af227f42c993c6d96beecf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Xiaolong Peng <xpeng@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 2026 17:40:17 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 046/707] 8386992: Shenandoah: Pad hot atomic counters to avoid
 false sharing on the allocation path

Reviewed-by: shade, ruili
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.hpp     | 3 +++
 src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp | 3 +++
 2 files changed, 6 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.hpp
index 4d75c5d6794..24221e504fd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.hpp
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #ifndef SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHALLOCRATE_HPP
 #define SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHALLOCRATE_HPP
 
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPadding.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahWeightedSeq.hpp"
 #include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
 #include "runtime/mutex.hpp"
@@ -110,7 +111,9 @@ class ShenandoahAllocRate {
   static constexpr size_t ALLOC_SAMPLE_MAX = G;
 
   PaddedMonitor _sample_lock;
+  shenandoah_padding(0);
   Atomic<size_t> _allocated_bytes_since_last_sample;
+  shenandoah_padding(1);
   Atomic<size_t> _minimum_sample_size; // bytes, read by mutator, updated by gc
   jlong _last_sample_time;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp
index f7f0a0ae0ba..43151af4c87 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRequest.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGeneration.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalHeap.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPadding.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahScanRemembered.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahSharedVariables.hpp"
 
@@ -64,7 +65,9 @@ class ShenandoahOldGeneration : public ShenandoahGeneration {
   // is therefore always accessed through atomic operations. This is increased when a
   // PLAB is allocated for promotions. The value is decreased by the amount of memory
   // remaining in a PLAB when it is retired.
+  shenandoah_padding(0);
   Atomic<size_t> _promoted_expended;
+  shenandoah_padding(1);
 
   // Represents the quantity of live bytes we expect to promote during the next GC cycle, either by
   // evacuation or by promote-in-place.  This value is used by the young heuristic to trigger mixed collections.

From 02c82240ebe87fefcba094c707e164d85fca0a94 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 2026 18:12:35 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 047/707] 8387042: Shenandoah: Build time regression with LBE

Reviewed-by: wkemper, xpeng
---
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp     |  4 ++--
 .../shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp | 18 +++++-------------
 2 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp
index 8f8dbc9ac83..4b5620ff0bf 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp
@@ -134,8 +134,8 @@ class ShenandoahBarrierSet: public BarrierSet {
   template <class T>
   inline void arraycopy_update(T* src, size_t count);
 
-  inline void clone_evacuation(oop src);
-  inline void clone_update(oop src);
+  template <bool EVAC>
+  inline void clone_work(oop src);
 
   template <class T, bool HAS_FWD, bool EVAC, bool ENQUEUE>
   inline void arraycopy_work(T* src, size_t count);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp
index e7ddfdb0f6a..1bdeb01618b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp
@@ -469,18 +469,10 @@ class ShenandoahUpdateEvacForCloneOopClosure : public BasicOopIterateClosure {
   virtual void do_oop(narrowOop* p) { do_oop_work(p); }
 };
 
-void ShenandoahBarrierSet::clone_evacuation(oop obj) {
-  assert(_heap->is_evacuation_in_progress(), "only during evacuation");
-  if (need_bulk_update(cast_from_oop<HeapWord*>(obj))) {
-    ShenandoahUpdateEvacForCloneOopClosure<true> cl;
-    obj->oop_iterate(&cl);
-  }
-}
-
-void ShenandoahBarrierSet::clone_update(oop obj) {
-  assert(_heap->is_update_refs_in_progress(), "only during update-refs");
+template <bool EVAC>
+void ShenandoahBarrierSet::clone_work(oop obj) {
   if (need_bulk_update(cast_from_oop<HeapWord*>(obj))) {
-    ShenandoahUpdateEvacForCloneOopClosure<false> cl;
+    ShenandoahUpdateEvacForCloneOopClosure<EVAC> cl;
     obj->oop_iterate(&cl);
   }
 }
@@ -494,9 +486,9 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::clone_in_heap
   if (gc_state != 0 && ShenandoahCloneBarrier) {
     ShenandoahBarrierSet* bs = ShenandoahBarrierSet::barrier_set();
     if ((gc_state & ShenandoahHeap::EVACUATION) != 0) {
-      bs->clone_evacuation(src);
+      bs->clone_work<true>(src);
     } else if ((gc_state & ShenandoahHeap::UPDATE_REFS) != 0) {
-      bs->clone_update(src);
+      bs->clone_work<false>(src);
     }
   }
 

From 41c33dafd51c89a2e28f276213d2289e0405fd3c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Man Cao <manc@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 2026 18:12:57 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 048/707] 8386965: Data race on
 java.lang.Class.reflectionFactory field

Reviewed-by: liach, alanb, iklam
---
 src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp        | 14 ----
 .../share/classes/java/lang/Class.java        | 65 +++++++------------
 .../vm/annotation/AOTRuntimeSetup.java        |  7 +-
 3 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 60 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
index 76634fc3fba..fac320c3ed7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
@@ -1176,20 +1176,6 @@ void AOTMetaspace::dump_static_archive_impl(StaticArchiveBuilder& builder, TRAPS
 
     AOTReferenceObjSupport::initialize(CHECK);
     AOTReferenceObjSupport::stabilize_cached_reference_objects(CHECK);
-
-    if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_aot_linked_classes()) {
-      // java.lang.Class::reflectionFactory cannot be archived yet. We set this field
-      // to null, and it will be initialized again at runtime.
-      log_debug(aot)("Resetting Class::reflectionFactory");
-      TempNewSymbol method_name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("resetArchivedStates");
-      Symbol* method_sig = vmSymbols::void_method_signature();
-      JavaValue result(T_VOID);
-      JavaCalls::call_static(&result, vmClasses::Class_klass(),
-                             method_name, method_sig, CHECK);
-
-      // Perhaps there is a way to avoid hard-coding these names here.
-      // See discussion in JDK-8342481.
-    }
   } else {
     log_info(aot)("Not dumping heap, reset CDSConfig::_is_using_optimized_module_handling");
     CDSConfig::stop_using_optimized_module_handling();
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Class.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Class.java
index b08b9fe4d2c..b8bc97a1f0d 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Class.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Class.java
@@ -233,8 +233,7 @@ public final class Class<T> implements java.io.Serializable,
         runtimeSetup();
     }
 
-    /// No significant static final fields; [#resetArchivedStates()] handles
-    /// prevents storing [#reflectionFactory] into AOT image.
+    /// No significant static final fields
     @AOTRuntimeSetup
     private static void runtimeSetup() {
         registerNatives();
@@ -710,7 +709,7 @@ public T newInstance()
             }
             try {
                 Class<?>[] empty = {};
-                final Constructor<T> c = getReflectionFactory().copyConstructor(
+                final Constructor<T> c = ReflectionFactory.getReflectionFactory().copyConstructor(
                     getConstructor0(empty, Member.DECLARED));
                 // Disable accessibility checks on the constructor
                 // access check is done with the true caller
@@ -724,7 +723,8 @@ public T newInstance()
 
         try {
             Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
-            return getReflectionFactory().newInstance(tmpConstructor, null, caller);
+            return ReflectionFactory.getReflectionFactory().newInstance(tmpConstructor,
+                                                                        null, caller);
         } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
             Unsafe.getUnsafe().throwException(e.getTargetException());
             // Not reached
@@ -1396,8 +1396,9 @@ public Set<AccessFlag> accessFlags() {
                         isAnonymousClass() || isArray()) ?
             AccessFlag.Location.INNER_CLASS :
             AccessFlag.Location.CLASS;
-        return getReflectionFactory().parseAccessFlags((location == AccessFlag.Location.CLASS) ?
-                        getClassFileAccessFlags() : getModifiers(), location, this);
+        return ReflectionFactory.getReflectionFactory().parseAccessFlags(
+            (location == AccessFlag.Location.CLASS) ? getClassFileAccessFlags() : getModifiers(),
+            location, this);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1460,7 +1461,7 @@ public Method getEnclosingMethod() {
              * type.  Matching return type is also necessary
              * because of covariant returns, etc.
              */
-            ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
+            ReflectionFactory fact = ReflectionFactory.getReflectionFactory();
             for (Method m : candidates) {
                 if (m.getName().equals(enclosingInfo.getName()) &&
                     arrayContentsEq(parameterClasses,
@@ -1586,7 +1587,7 @@ public Constructor<?> getEnclosingConstructor() {
              * Loop over all declared constructors; match number
              * of and type of parameters.
              */
-            ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
+            ReflectionFactory fact = ReflectionFactory.getReflectionFactory();
             for (Constructor<?> c : candidates) {
                 if (arrayContentsEq(parameterClasses,
                                     fact.getExecutableSharedParameterTypes(c))) {
@@ -2069,7 +2070,7 @@ public Field getField(String name) throws NoSuchFieldException {
         if (field == null) {
             throw new NoSuchFieldException(name);
         }
-        return getReflectionFactory().copyField(field);
+        return ReflectionFactory.getReflectionFactory().copyField(field);
     }
 
 
@@ -2167,7 +2168,7 @@ public Method getMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)
         if (method == null) {
             throw new NoSuchMethodException(methodToString(name, parameterTypes));
         }
-        return getReflectionFactory().copyMethod(method);
+        return ReflectionFactory.getReflectionFactory().copyMethod(method);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -2198,7 +2199,7 @@ public Method getMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)
      */
     public Constructor<T> getConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes)
             throws NoSuchMethodException {
-        return getReflectionFactory().copyConstructor(
+        return ReflectionFactory.getReflectionFactory().copyConstructor(
             getConstructor0(parameterTypes, Member.PUBLIC));
     }
 
@@ -2383,7 +2384,7 @@ public Field getDeclaredField(String name) throws NoSuchFieldException {
         if (field == null) {
             throw new NoSuchFieldException(name);
         }
-        return getReflectionFactory().copyField(field);
+        return ReflectionFactory.getReflectionFactory().copyField(field);
     }
 
 
@@ -2425,7 +2426,7 @@ public Method getDeclaredMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)
         if (method == null) {
             throw new NoSuchMethodException(methodToString(name, parameterTypes));
         }
-        return getReflectionFactory().copyMethod(method);
+        return ReflectionFactory.getReflectionFactory().copyMethod(method);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -2440,7 +2441,7 @@ public Method getDeclaredMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)
      */
     List<Method> getDeclaredPublicMethods(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes) {
         Method[] methods = privateGetDeclaredMethods(/* publicOnly */ true);
-        ReflectionFactory factory = getReflectionFactory();
+        ReflectionFactory factory = ReflectionFactory.getReflectionFactory();
         List<Method> result = new ArrayList<>();
         for (Method method : methods) {
             if (method.getName().equals(name)
@@ -2465,7 +2466,8 @@ List<Method> getDeclaredPublicMethods(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes) {
      */
     Method findMethod(boolean publicOnly, String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes) {
         PublicMethods.MethodList res = getMethodsRecursive(name, parameterTypes, true, publicOnly);
-        return res == null ? null : getReflectionFactory().copyMethod(res.getMostSpecific());
+        return res == null ? null : ReflectionFactory.getReflectionFactory().copyMethod(
+            res.getMostSpecific());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -2492,7 +2494,7 @@ Method findMethod(boolean publicOnly, String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes) {
      */
     public Constructor<T> getDeclaredConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes)
             throws NoSuchMethodException {
-        return getReflectionFactory().copyConstructor(
+        return ReflectionFactory.getReflectionFactory().copyConstructor(
             getConstructor0(parameterTypes, Member.DECLARED));
     }
 
@@ -2897,7 +2899,7 @@ private ClassRepository getGenericInfo() {
     // Since 1.8
     native byte[] getRawTypeAnnotations();
     static byte[] getExecutableTypeAnnotationBytes(Executable ex) {
-        return getReflectionFactory().getExecutableTypeAnnotationBytes(ex);
+        return ReflectionFactory.getReflectionFactory().getExecutableTypeAnnotationBytes(ex);
     }
 
     native ConstantPool getConstantPool();
@@ -3111,7 +3113,7 @@ private static Method searchMethods(Method[] methods,
                                         String name,
                                         Class<?>[] parameterTypes)
     {
-        ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
+        ReflectionFactory fact = ReflectionFactory.getReflectionFactory();
         Method res = null;
         for (Method m : methods) {
             if (m.getName().equals(name)
@@ -3179,7 +3181,7 @@ private PublicMethods.MethodList getMethodsRecursive(String name,
     private Constructor<T> getConstructor0(Class<?>[] parameterTypes,
                                         int which) throws NoSuchMethodException
     {
-        ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
+        ReflectionFactory fact = ReflectionFactory.getReflectionFactory();
         Constructor<T>[] constructors = privateGetDeclaredConstructors((which == Member.PUBLIC));
         for (Constructor<T> constructor : constructors) {
             if (arrayContentsEq(parameterTypes,
@@ -3218,7 +3220,7 @@ private static boolean arrayContentsEq(Object[] a1, Object[] a2) {
 
     private static Field[] copyFields(Field[] arg) {
         Field[] out = new Field[arg.length];
-        ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
+        ReflectionFactory fact = ReflectionFactory.getReflectionFactory();
         for (int i = 0; i < arg.length; i++) {
             out[i] = fact.copyField(arg[i]);
         }
@@ -3227,7 +3229,7 @@ private static Field[] copyFields(Field[] arg) {
 
     private static Method[] copyMethods(Method[] arg) {
         Method[] out = new Method[arg.length];
-        ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
+        ReflectionFactory fact = ReflectionFactory.getReflectionFactory();
         for (int i = 0; i < arg.length; i++) {
             out[i] = fact.copyMethod(arg[i]);
         }
@@ -3236,7 +3238,7 @@ private static Method[] copyMethods(Method[] arg) {
 
     private static <U> Constructor<U>[] copyConstructors(Constructor<U>[] arg) {
         Constructor<U>[] out = arg.clone();
-        ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
+        ReflectionFactory fact = ReflectionFactory.getReflectionFactory();
         for (int i = 0; i < out.length; i++) {
             out[i] = fact.copyConstructor(out[i]);
         }
@@ -3390,25 +3392,6 @@ public boolean isRecord() {
                 isRecord0();
     }
 
-    // Fetches the factory for reflective objects
-    private static ReflectionFactory getReflectionFactory() {
-        var factory = reflectionFactory;
-        if (factory != null) {
-            return factory;
-        }
-        return reflectionFactory = ReflectionFactory.getReflectionFactory();
-    }
-    private static ReflectionFactory reflectionFactory;
-
-    /**
-     * When CDS is enabled, the Class class may be aot-initialized. However,
-     * we can't archive reflectionFactory, so we reset it to null, so it
-     * will be allocated again at runtime.
-     */
-    private static void resetArchivedStates() {
-        reflectionFactory = null;
-    }
-
     /**
      * Returns the elements of this enum class or null if this
      * Class object does not represent an enum class.
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/vm/annotation/AOTRuntimeSetup.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/vm/annotation/AOTRuntimeSetup.java
index c3a0c283dc3..05f582b9a54 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/vm/annotation/AOTRuntimeSetup.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/vm/annotation/AOTRuntimeSetup.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -64,10 +64,7 @@
 /// an AOT-initialized class, at the end of the assembly phase run which builds
 /// an AOT cache.  The `resetArchivedStates` may "tear down" state that should
 /// not be stored in the AOT cache, which the `runtimeSetup` method may then
-/// "build up again" as the production run begins.  This additional method is
-/// currently only used by [Class] to reset a cache field, but it may be
-/// expanded to other classes and interfaces later on, using more
-/// annotation-driven logic.
+/// "build up again" as the production run begins.
 ///
 /// The logic in `classFileParser.cpp` performs checks on the annotated method: If the
 /// annotated method's signature differs from that described above, or if (during the

From ce93858acd423e1fa1011358cff9fc495182aca6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ashutosh Mehra <asmehra@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 2026 20:11:04 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 049/707] 8386852: Lower peak throughput with AOTCache

Reviewed-by: kvn, iveresov, shade
---
 src/hotspot/share/compiler/compilationPolicy.cpp | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compilationPolicy.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compilationPolicy.cpp
index 94e734aaad5..81c03587416 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compilationPolicy.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compilationPolicy.cpp
@@ -1377,7 +1377,7 @@ CompLevel CompilationPolicy::transition_from_limited_profile(const methodHandle&
 // Determine if a method should be compiled with a normal entry point at a different level.
 CompLevel CompilationPolicy::call_event(const methodHandle& method, CompLevel cur_level, JavaThread* THREAD) {
   CompLevel osr_level = MIN2((CompLevel) method->highest_osr_comp_level(), common<LoopPredicate>(method, cur_level, THREAD, true));
-  CompLevel next_level = common<CallPredicate>(method, cur_level, THREAD, !TrainingData::have_data() && is_old(method));
+  CompLevel next_level = common<CallPredicate>(method, cur_level, THREAD, is_old(method));
 
   // If OSR method level is greater than the regular method level, the levels should be
   // equalized by raising the regular method level in order to avoid OSRs during each

From 316065c828861f32a949bfa5f965010e782bebb7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Albert Mingkun Yang <ayang@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2026 06:22:41 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 050/707] 8387083: G1: Remove redundant NMT tagging from
 G1RegionToSpaceMapper

Reviewed-by: stefank, tschatzl
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionToSpaceMapper.cpp | 3 ---
 1 file changed, 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionToSpaceMapper.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionToSpaceMapper.cpp
index 5e37c7fa5a1..6ecaaf78e5e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionToSpaceMapper.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionToSpaceMapper.cpp
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@
 #include "gc/shared/gc_globals.hpp"
 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
 #include "memory/reservedSpace.hpp"
-#include "nmt/memTracker.hpp"
 #include "runtime/mutexLocker.hpp"
 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
 #include "utilities/bitMap.inline.hpp"
@@ -46,8 +45,6 @@ G1RegionToSpaceMapper::G1RegionToSpaceMapper(ReservedSpace rs,
   _memory_tag(mem_tag) {
   guarantee(is_power_of_2(page_size), "must be");
   guarantee(is_power_of_2(region_granularity), "must be");
-
-  MemTracker::record_virtual_memory_tag(rs, mem_tag);
 }
 
 // Used to manually signal a mapper to handle a set of regions as committed.

From c8ba683939348eab8bdae1a21ba47813101e7b16 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2026 06:57:03 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 051/707] 8387047: Shenandoah: Purge SBS::resolve_forwarded

Reviewed-by: kdnilsen, xpeng, ruili
---
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp |  3 ---
 .../shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp   | 16 ++--------------
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahClosures.inline.hpp  |  5 +++--
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp     |  3 ++-
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalHeap.cpp |  3 ++-
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp      |  4 ++--
 6 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp
index 4b5620ff0bf..8989c5f2028 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp
@@ -93,9 +93,6 @@ class ShenandoahBarrierSet: public BarrierSet {
   void on_thread_attach(Thread* thread) override;
   void on_thread_detach(Thread* thread) override;
 
-  static inline oop resolve_forwarded_not_null(oop p);
-  static inline oop resolve_forwarded(oop p);
-
   template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename T>
   inline void satb_barrier(T* field);
   inline void satb_enqueue(oop value);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp
index 1bdeb01618b..e8eb4ee4180 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp
@@ -43,18 +43,6 @@
 #include "memory/iterator.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 
-inline oop ShenandoahBarrierSet::resolve_forwarded_not_null(oop p) {
-  return ShenandoahForwarding::get_forwardee(p);
-}
-
-inline oop ShenandoahBarrierSet::resolve_forwarded(oop p) {
-  if (p != nullptr) {
-    return resolve_forwarded_not_null(p);
-  } else {
-    return p;
-  }
-}
-
 template <DecoratorSet decorators, class T>
 inline oop ShenandoahBarrierSet::load_reference_barrier_mutator(oop obj, T* load_addr) {
   assert(ShenandoahLoadRefBarrier, "Should be enabled");
@@ -119,7 +107,7 @@ inline oop ShenandoahBarrierSet::load_reference_barrier(oop obj) {
   if (_heap->has_forwarded_objects() && _heap->in_collection_set(obj)) {
     // Subsumes null-check
     assert(obj != nullptr, "cset check must have subsumed null-check");
-    oop fwd = resolve_forwarded_not_null(obj);
+    oop fwd = ShenandoahForwarding::get_forwardee(obj);
     if (obj == fwd && _heap->is_evacuation_in_progress()) {
       Thread* t = Thread::current();
       return _heap->evacuate_object(obj, t);
@@ -536,7 +524,7 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSet::arraycopy_work(T* src, size_t count) {
     if (!CompressedOops::is_null(o)) {
       oop obj = CompressedOops::decode_not_null(o);
       if (HAS_FWD && cset->is_in(obj)) {
-        oop fwd = resolve_forwarded_not_null(obj);
+        oop fwd = ShenandoahForwarding::get_forwardee(obj);
         if (EVAC && obj == fwd) {
           fwd = _heap->evacuate_object(obj, thread);
         }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahClosures.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahClosures.inline.hpp
index 7580b8d1015..83aede5b7d9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahClosures.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahClosures.inline.hpp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAsserts.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahForwarding.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMarkingContext.inline.hpp"
@@ -87,7 +88,7 @@ bool ShenandoahForwardedIsAliveClosure::do_object_b(oop obj) {
   if (CompressedOops::is_null(obj)) {
     return false;
   }
-  obj = ShenandoahBarrierSet::resolve_forwarded_not_null(obj);
+  obj = ShenandoahForwarding::get_forwardee(obj);
   shenandoah_assert_not_forwarded_if(nullptr, obj, ShenandoahHeap::heap()->is_concurrent_mark_in_progress());
   return _mark_context->is_marked_or_old(obj);
 }
@@ -152,7 +153,7 @@ void ShenandoahEvacuateUpdateRootClosureBase<CONCURRENT, STABLE_THREAD>::do_oop_
     if (_heap->in_collection_set(obj)) {
       assert(_heap->is_evacuation_in_progress(), "Only do this when evacuation is in progress");
       shenandoah_assert_marked(p, obj);
-      oop resolved = ShenandoahBarrierSet::resolve_forwarded_not_null(obj);
+      oop resolved = ShenandoahForwarding::get_forwardee(obj);
       if (resolved == obj) {
         Thread* thr = STABLE_THREAD ? _thread : Thread::current();
         assert(thr == Thread::current(), "Wrong thread");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp
index 08032b224d0..24748bdaab3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahClosures.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahCollectorPolicy.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahForwarding.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGeneration.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalHeap.hpp"
@@ -910,7 +911,7 @@ void ShenandoahEvacUpdateCleanupOopStorageRootsClosure::do_oop(oop* p) {
         ShenandoahHeap::atomic_clear_oop(p, obj);
       }
     } else if (_evac_in_progress && _heap->in_collection_set(obj)) {
-      oop resolved = ShenandoahBarrierSet::resolve_forwarded_not_null(obj);
+      oop resolved = ShenandoahForwarding::get_forwardee(obj);
       if (resolved == obj) {
         resolved = _heap->evacuate_object(obj, _thread);
       }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalHeap.cpp
index 7170c88cd43..e7638ed15c7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalHeap.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAgeCensus.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahClosures.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahCollectorPolicy.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahForwarding.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGeneration.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalControlThread.hpp"
@@ -207,7 +208,7 @@ oop ShenandoahGenerationalHeap::evacuate_object(oop p, Thread* thread) {
     markWord mark = p->mark();
     if (mark.is_marked()) {
       // Already forwarded.
-      return ShenandoahBarrierSet::resolve_forwarded(p);
+      return ShenandoahForwarding::get_forwardee(p);
     }
 
     if (mark.has_displaced_mark_helper()) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp
index b8db14e5ee7..69eaf1589d2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ inline void ShenandoahHeap::non_conc_update_with_forwarded(T* p) {
       // set that are not really forwarded. We can still go and try and update them
       // (uselessly) to simplify the common path.
       shenandoah_assert_forwarded_except(p, obj, cancelled_gc());
-      oop fwd = ShenandoahBarrierSet::resolve_forwarded_not_null(obj);
+      oop fwd = ShenandoahForwarding::get_forwardee(obj);
       shenandoah_assert_not_in_cset_except(p, fwd, cancelled_gc());
 
       // Unconditionally store the update: no concurrent updates expected.
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ inline void ShenandoahHeap::conc_update_with_forwarded(T* p) {
       // set that are not really forwarded. We can still go and try CAS-update them
       // (uselessly) to simplify the common path.
       shenandoah_assert_forwarded_except(p, obj, cancelled_gc());
-      oop fwd = ShenandoahBarrierSet::resolve_forwarded_not_null(obj);
+      oop fwd = ShenandoahForwarding::get_forwardee(obj);
       shenandoah_assert_not_in_cset_except(p, fwd, cancelled_gc());
 
       // Sanity check: we should not be updating the cset regions themselves,

From 35ff862a547deb137bbb0a073ded0d3729d4dad3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Quan Anh Mai <qamai@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2026 08:21:35 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 052/707] 8387012: C2: PhaseVector::expand_vunbox_node should
 not inject the payload type into the load

Co-authored-by: Emanuel Peter <epeter@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: vlivanov, chagedorn
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/vector.cpp             |  4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/vectorIntrinsics.cpp   |  5 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.hpp         | 11 ++--
 .../vectorapi/TestTypeUnsafeLoad.java         | 51 +++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestTypeUnsafeLoad.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vector.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vector.cpp
index f9fa02317bc..8e0f6f5bf43 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vector.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vector.cpp
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "opto/phaseX.hpp"
 #include "opto/rootnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/vector.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 
 static bool is_vector_mask(ciKlass* klass) {
@@ -455,11 +456,12 @@ void PhaseVector::expand_vunbox_node(VectorUnboxNode* vec_unbox) {
       gvn.record_for_igvn(local_mem);
       BarrierSetC2* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2();
       C2OptAccess access(gvn, ctrl, local_mem, decorators, T_OBJECT, obj, addr);
+      vec_field_ld = bs->load_at(access, Type::get_const_basic_type(T_OBJECT));
 
       // For proper aliasing, attach concrete payload type.
       ciKlass* payload_klass = ciTypeArrayKlass::make(bt);
       const Type* payload_type = TypeAryPtr::make_from_klass(payload_klass)->cast_to_ptr_type(TypePtr::NotNull);
-      vec_field_ld = bs->load_at(access, payload_type);
+      vec_field_ld = gvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(ctrl, vec_field_ld, payload_type, ConstraintCastNode::DependencyType::NonFloatingNarrowing));
     }
 
     Node* adr = kit.array_element_address(vec_field_ld, gvn.intcon(0), bt);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectorIntrinsics.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectorIntrinsics.cpp
index 96b717fe56c..d04eda60b81 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectorIntrinsics.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectorIntrinsics.cpp
@@ -174,7 +174,10 @@ Node* GraphKit::unbox_vector(Node* v, const TypeInstPtr* vbox_type, BasicType el
   }
   assert(check_vbox(vbox_type), "");
   const TypeVect* vt = TypeVect::make(elem_bt, num_elem, is_vector_mask(vbox_type->instance_klass()));
-  Node* unbox = gvn().transform(new VectorUnboxNode(C, vt, v, merged_memory()));
+  Node* ctrl = control();
+  Node* mem = reset_memory();
+  set_all_memory(mem);
+  Node* unbox = gvn().transform(new VectorUnboxNode(C, vt, ctrl, v, mem));
   if (gvn().type(unbox)->isa_vect() == nullptr) {
     assert(gvn().type(unbox) == Type::TOP, "sanity");
     return nullptr; // not a vector
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.hpp
index 73181bce256..d013bbc25d6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.hpp
@@ -2156,11 +2156,10 @@ class VectorBoxAllocateNode : public CallStaticJavaNode {
 // vector value. This is a macro node expanded during vector optimization
 // phase.
 class VectorUnboxNode : public VectorNode {
- protected:
-  uint size_of() const { return sizeof(*this); }
- public:
-  VectorUnboxNode(Compile* C, const TypeVect* vec_type, Node* obj, Node* mem)
+public:
+  VectorUnboxNode(Compile* C, const TypeVect* vec_type, Node* ctrl, Node* obj, Node* mem)
     : VectorNode(mem, obj, vec_type) {
+    init_req(0, ctrl);
     init_class_id(Class_VectorUnbox);
     init_flags(Flag_is_macro);
     C->add_macro_node(this);
@@ -2171,6 +2170,10 @@ class VectorUnboxNode : public VectorNode {
   Node* mem() const { return in(1); }
   virtual Node* Identity(PhaseGVN* phase);
   Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape);
+
+private:
+  uint size_of() const { return sizeof(*this); }
+  bool depends_only_on_test_impl() const { return false; }
 };
 
 // Lane-wise right rotation of the first input by the second input.
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestTypeUnsafeLoad.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestTypeUnsafeLoad.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8d4a580efb8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestTypeUnsafeLoad.java
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package compiler.vectorapi;
+
+import jdk.incubator.vector.ByteVector;
+import jdk.incubator.vector.VectorOperators;
+import jdk.incubator.vector.VectorShuffle;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8387012
+ * @summary Expansion of a VectorUnboxNode should not create a type-unsafe load.
+ * @modules jdk.incubator.vector
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   -XX:+StressGCM -XX:+StressIGVN -XX:+StressCCP ${test.main.class}
+ */
+public class TestTypeUnsafeLoad {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; i++) {
+            test();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static ByteVector test() {
+        var v0 = ByteVector.broadcast(ByteVector.SPECIES_128, (byte) 0);
+        var v2 = v0.rearrange(VectorShuffle.makeUnzip(ByteVector.SPECIES_128, 1));
+        var v3 = v0.lanewise(VectorOperators.MIN, v2);
+        var v5 = v3.lanewise(VectorOperators.MAX, v0);
+        return v5;
+    }
+}

From 210a6429623ace1f595fad82f16b71ca8fd2698a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2026 08:48:40 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 053/707] 8385893: G1:
 G1CollectedHeap::_old_marking_cycles_completed should be an Atomic

Reviewed-by: iwalulya, ayang
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp | 36 ++++++++++-----------
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp |  8 ++---
 2 files changed, 22 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
index 8ea880c820f..233f993bb16 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
@@ -1799,12 +1799,12 @@ bool G1CollectedHeap::should_do_concurrent_full_gc(GCCause::Cause cause) {
 }
 
 void G1CollectedHeap::increment_old_marking_cycles_started() {
-  assert(_old_marking_cycles_started == _old_marking_cycles_completed ||
-         _old_marking_cycles_started == _old_marking_cycles_completed + 1,
-         "Wrong marking cycle count (started: %d, completed: %d)",
-         _old_marking_cycles_started, _old_marking_cycles_completed);
+  assert(old_marking_cycles_started() == old_marking_cycles_completed() ||
+         old_marking_cycles_started() == old_marking_cycles_completed() + 1,
+         "Wrong marking cycle count (started: %u, completed: %u)",
+         old_marking_cycles_started(), old_marking_cycles_completed());
 
-  _old_marking_cycles_started++;
+  _old_marking_cycles_started.add_then_fetch(1u, memory_order_relaxed);
 }
 
 void G1CollectedHeap::increment_old_marking_cycles_completed(bool concurrent,
@@ -1825,21 +1825,21 @@ void G1CollectedHeap::increment_old_marking_cycles_completed(bool concurrent,
 
   // This is the case for the inner caller, i.e. a Full GC.
   assert(concurrent ||
-         (_old_marking_cycles_started == _old_marking_cycles_completed + 1) ||
-         (_old_marking_cycles_started == _old_marking_cycles_completed + 2),
-         "for inner caller (Full GC): _old_marking_cycles_started = %u "
-         "is inconsistent with _old_marking_cycles_completed = %u",
-         _old_marking_cycles_started, _old_marking_cycles_completed);
+         (old_marking_cycles_started() == old_marking_cycles_completed() + 1) ||
+         (old_marking_cycles_started() == old_marking_cycles_completed() + 2),
+         "for inner caller (Full GC): old_marking_cycles_started = %u "
+         "is inconsistent with old_marking_cycles_completed = %u",
+         old_marking_cycles_started(), old_marking_cycles_completed());
 
   // This is the case for the outer caller, i.e. the concurrent cycle.
   assert(!concurrent ||
-         (_old_marking_cycles_started == _old_marking_cycles_completed + 1),
+         (old_marking_cycles_started() == old_marking_cycles_completed() + 1),
          "for outer caller (concurrent cycle): "
-         "_old_marking_cycles_started = %u "
-         "is inconsistent with _old_marking_cycles_completed = %u",
-         _old_marking_cycles_started, _old_marking_cycles_completed);
+         "old_marking_cycles_started = %u "
+         "is inconsistent with old_marking_cycles_completed = %u",
+         old_marking_cycles_started(), old_marking_cycles_completed());
 
-  _old_marking_cycles_completed += 1;
+  _old_marking_cycles_completed.add_then_fetch(1u, memory_order_relaxed);
   if (whole_heap_examined) {
     // Signal that we have completed a visit to all live objects.
     record_whole_heap_examined_timestamp();
@@ -1904,7 +1904,7 @@ bool G1CollectedHeap::wait_full_mark_finished(GCCause::Cause cause,
     // while completed_now < started_after.
     LOG_COLLECT_CONCURRENTLY(cause, "wait");
     MonitorLocker ml(G1OldGCCount_lock);
-    while (gc_counter_less_than(_old_marking_cycles_completed,
+    while (gc_counter_less_than(old_marking_cycles_completed(),
                                 old_marking_started_after)) {
       ml.wait();
     }
@@ -1986,8 +1986,8 @@ bool G1CollectedHeap::try_collect_concurrently(size_t allocation_word_size,
       // more recent collection.  That's what we want, rather than having
       // our retry possibly perform an unnecessary collection.
       gc_counter = total_collections();
-      old_marking_started_after = _old_marking_cycles_started;
-      old_marking_completed_after = _old_marking_cycles_completed;
+      old_marking_started_after = old_marking_cycles_started();
+      old_marking_completed_after = old_marking_cycles_completed();
     }
 
     if (cause == GCCause::_wb_breakpoint) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
index a60596e67ae..a0767d8fd0a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
@@ -313,11 +313,11 @@ class G1CollectedHeap : public CollectedHeap {
 
   // Keeps track of how many "old marking cycles" (i.e., Full GCs or
   // concurrent cycles) we have started.
-  volatile uint _old_marking_cycles_started;
+  Atomic<uint> _old_marking_cycles_started;
 
   // Keeps track of how many "old marking cycles" (i.e., Full GCs or
   // concurrent cycles) we have completed.
-  volatile uint _old_marking_cycles_completed;
+  Atomic<uint> _old_marking_cycles_completed;
 
   // Create a memory mapper for auxiliary data structures of the given size and
   // translation factor.
@@ -691,11 +691,11 @@ class G1CollectedHeap : public CollectedHeap {
   void increment_old_marking_cycles_completed(bool concurrent, bool whole_heap_examined);
 
   uint old_marking_cycles_started() const {
-    return _old_marking_cycles_started;
+    return _old_marking_cycles_started.load_relaxed();
   }
 
   uint old_marking_cycles_completed() const {
-    return _old_marking_cycles_completed;
+    return _old_marking_cycles_completed.load_relaxed();
   }
 
   // Allocates a new heap region instance.

From 05cd2d948c7fca1315a3f0e2d2646a30869cff23 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2026 08:50:49 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 054/707] 8381128: G1: Tighten accesses to TAMS/TARS

Co-authored-by: Ivan Walulya <iwalulya@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: iwalulya, ayang
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp   |  12 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp   |   2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp   |   2 +-
 .../share/gc/g1/g1CollectorState.inline.hpp   |  11 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp  | 129 +++++++++++++-----
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp  |  69 +++++++---
 .../share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.inline.hpp   |  74 +++++++++-
 .../gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkRemarkTasks.cpp     |   2 +-
 .../share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.hpp    |   2 +-
 .../gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.inline.hpp   |   5 +-
 .../gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRebuildAndScrub.cpp     |   7 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullCollector.cpp   |   2 +-
 .../share/gc/g1/g1FullGCResetMetadataTask.cpp |   3 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegion.cpp      |   6 +-
 .../share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegion.inline.hpp       |   4 -
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapVerifier.cpp    |  20 ++-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapVerifier.hpp    |   5 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp          |   4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.hpp          |   5 +-
 .../share/gc/g1/g1RegionMarkStatsCache.hpp    |  12 ++
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp          |   3 +-
 .../share/gc/g1/g1SATBMarkQueueSet.cpp        |  11 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.cpp  |  24 ++--
 .../gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp      |  23 ++--
 src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/satbMarkQueue.cpp |   6 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/satbMarkQueue.hpp |   6 +-
 .../g1/TestEagerReclaimHumongousRegions.java  |   5 +-
 .../g1/TestVerificationInConcurrentCycle.java |  29 +++-
 .../pinnedobjs/TestDroppedRetainedTAMS.java   |   9 +-
 29 files changed, 368 insertions(+), 124 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
index 233f993bb16..ebf7a1086fa 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
@@ -846,7 +846,7 @@ void G1CollectedHeap::prepare_heap_for_full_collection() {
   _hrm.remove_all_free_regions();
 }
 
-void G1CollectedHeap::verify_before_full_collection() {
+void G1CollectedHeap::verify_before_full_collection(bool concurrent_cycle_aborted) {
   assert_used_and_recalculate_used_equal(this);
   if (!VerifyBeforeGC) {
     return;
@@ -856,7 +856,7 @@ void G1CollectedHeap::verify_before_full_collection() {
   }
   _verifier->verify_region_sets_optional();
   _verifier->verify_before_gc();
-  _verifier->verify_bitmap_clear(true /* above_tams_only */);
+  _verifier->verify_bitmap_clear(true /* above_tams_only */, concurrent_cycle_aborted);
 }
 
 void G1CollectedHeap::prepare_for_mutator_after_full_collection(size_t allocation_word_size) {
@@ -2880,6 +2880,7 @@ void G1CollectedHeap::free_region(G1HeapRegion* hr, G1FreeRegionList* free_list)
 
   // Reset region metadata to allow reuse.
   hr->hr_clear(true /* clear_space */);
+  concurrent_mark()->reset_region_marking_state(hr);
   _policy->remset_tracker()->update_at_free(hr);
 
   if (free_list != nullptr) {
@@ -3192,6 +3193,9 @@ G1HeapRegion* G1CollectedHeap::new_gc_alloc_region(size_t word_size, G1HeapRegio
       // Synchronize with region attribute table.
       update_region_attr(new_alloc_region);
     }
+
+    _cm->notify_new_region(new_alloc_region);
+
     G1HeapRegionPrinter::alloc(new_alloc_region);
     return new_alloc_region;
   }
@@ -3209,8 +3213,8 @@ void G1CollectedHeap::retire_gc_alloc_region(G1HeapRegion* alloc_region,
     _survivor.add_used_bytes(allocated_bytes);
   }
 
-  bool const during_im = collector_state()->is_in_concurrent_start_gc();
-  if (during_im && allocated_bytes > 0) {
+  bool in_concurrent_start_gc = collector_state()->is_in_concurrent_start_gc();
+  if (in_concurrent_start_gc && allocated_bytes > 0) {
     _cm->add_root_region(alloc_region);
   }
   G1HeapRegionPrinter::retire(alloc_region);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
index a0767d8fd0a..fc31878097b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ class G1CollectedHeap : public CollectedHeap {
   // Internal helpers used during full GC to split it up to
   // increase readability.
   bool abort_concurrent_cycle();
-  void verify_before_full_collection();
+  void verify_before_full_collection(bool concurrent_cycle_aborted);
   void prepare_heap_for_full_collection();
   void prepare_for_mutator_after_full_collection(size_t allocation_word_size);
   void abort_refinement();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp
index 14b5e321585..b0eb493120b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ class G1PrintCollectionSetDetailClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
     G1ConcurrentMark* cm = G1CollectedHeap::heap()->concurrent_mark();
     _st->print_cr("  " HR_FORMAT ", TAMS: " PTR_FORMAT " PB: " PTR_FORMAT ", age: %4d",
                   HR_FORMAT_PARAMS(r),
-                  p2i(cm->top_at_mark_start(r)),
+                  p2i(cm->top_at_mark_start_or_bottom(r)),
                   p2i(r->parsable_bottom()),
                   r->has_surv_rate_group() ? checked_cast<int>(r->age_in_surv_rate_group()) : -1);
     return false;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectorState.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectorState.inline.hpp
index b2d3dfcc489..b63d683bb63 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectorState.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectorState.inline.hpp
@@ -77,19 +77,22 @@ inline bool G1CollectorState::initiate_conc_mark_if_possible() const {
 
 inline bool G1CollectorState::is_in_concurrent_cycle() const {
   G1ConcurrentMark* cm = G1CollectedHeap::heap()->concurrent_mark();
-  return cm->is_in_concurrent_cycle();
+  return cm->is_fully_initialized() && cm->is_in_concurrent_cycle();
 }
+
 inline bool G1CollectorState::is_in_marking() const {
   G1ConcurrentMark* cm = G1CollectedHeap::heap()->concurrent_mark();
-  return cm->is_in_marking();
+  return cm->is_fully_initialized() && cm->is_in_marking();
 }
+
 inline bool G1CollectorState::is_in_mark_or_rebuild() const {
   G1ConcurrentMark* cm = G1CollectedHeap::heap()->concurrent_mark();
-  return is_in_marking() || cm->is_in_rebuild_or_scrub();
+  return cm->is_fully_initialized() && cm->is_in_marking_or_rebuild();
 }
+
 inline bool G1CollectorState::is_in_reset_for_next_cycle() const {
   G1ConcurrentMark* cm = G1CollectedHeap::heap()->concurrent_mark();
-  return cm->is_in_reset_for_next_cycle();
+  return cm->is_fully_initialized() && cm->is_in_reset_for_next_cycle();
 }
 
 inline void G1CollectorState::assert_is_young_pause(Pause type) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp
index 4afc7fa8ff1..11c93b092b1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ G1ConcurrentMark::G1ConcurrentMark(G1CollectedHeap* g1h,
   _worker_id_offset(G1ConcRefinementThreads), // The refinement control thread does not refine cards, so it's just the worker threads.
   _max_num_tasks(MAX2(ConcGCThreads, ParallelGCThreads)),
   _num_active_tasks(0), // _num_active_tasks set in set_non_marking_state()
-  _tasks(nullptr), // _tasks set inside late_init()
+  _tasks(nullptr),
   _task_queues(new G1CMTaskQueueSet(_max_num_tasks)),
   _terminator(_max_num_tasks, _task_queues),
   _partial_array_state_manager(new PartialArrayStateManager(_max_num_tasks)),
@@ -476,9 +476,10 @@ G1ConcurrentMark::G1ConcurrentMark(G1CollectedHeap* g1h,
   _num_concurrent_workers(0),
   _max_concurrent_workers(0),
 
-  _region_mark_stats(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(G1RegionMarkStats, _g1h->max_num_regions(), mtGC)),
-  _top_at_mark_starts(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(Atomic<HeapWord*>, _g1h->max_num_regions(), mtGC)),
-  _top_at_rebuild_starts(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(Atomic<HeapWord*>, _g1h->max_num_regions(), mtGC)),
+  _is_region_mark_stats_cache_in_use(false),
+  _region_mark_stats(nullptr),
+  _top_at_mark_starts(nullptr),
+  _top_at_rebuild_starts(nullptr),
   _needs_remembered_set_rebuild(false)
 {
   assert(G1CGC_lock != nullptr, "CGC_lock must be initialized");
@@ -487,6 +488,8 @@ G1ConcurrentMark::G1ConcurrentMark(G1CollectedHeap* g1h,
 }
 
 void G1ConcurrentMark::fully_initialize() {
+  assert_at_safepoint();
+
   if (is_fully_initialized()) {
     return;
   }
@@ -510,6 +513,10 @@ void G1ConcurrentMark::fully_initialize() {
     vm_exit_during_initialization("Failed to allocate initial concurrent mark overflow mark stack.");
   }
 
+  _region_mark_stats = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(G1RegionMarkStats, _g1h->max_num_regions(), mtGC);
+  _top_at_mark_starts = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(Atomic<HeapWord*>, _g1h->max_num_regions(), mtGC);
+  _top_at_rebuild_starts = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(Atomic<HeapWord*>, _g1h->max_num_regions(), mtGC);
+
   _tasks = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(G1CMTask*, _max_num_tasks, mtGC);
 
   // so that the assertion in MarkingTaskQueue::task_queue doesn't fail
@@ -527,22 +534,21 @@ void G1ConcurrentMark::fully_initialize() {
   for (uint i = 0; i < max_num_regions; i++) {
     ::new (&_top_at_mark_starts[i]) Atomic<HeapWord*>(_g1h->bottom_addr_for_region(i));
   }
-  // Contrary to TAMS, the default value of _top_at_rebuild_starts needs to be null.
   ::new (_top_at_rebuild_starts) Atomic<HeapWord*>[max_num_regions]{};
 
   reset_at_marking_complete();
 }
 
 bool G1ConcurrentMark::is_in_concurrent_cycle() const {
-  return is_fully_initialized() ? _cm_thread->is_in_progress() : false;
+  return _cm_thread->is_in_progress();
 }
 
 bool G1ConcurrentMark::is_in_marking() const {
-  return is_fully_initialized() ? cm_thread()->is_in_marking() : false;
+  return _cm_thread->is_in_marking();
 }
 
-bool G1ConcurrentMark::is_in_rebuild_or_scrub() const {
-  return cm_thread()->is_in_rebuild_or_scrub();
+bool G1ConcurrentMark::is_in_marking_or_rebuild() const {
+  return _cm_thread->is_in_marking_or_rebuild();
 }
 
 bool G1ConcurrentMark::is_in_reset_for_next_cycle() const {
@@ -559,8 +565,11 @@ G1ConcurrentMarkThread* G1ConcurrentMark::cm_thread() const {
 }
 
 void G1ConcurrentMark::reset() {
+  assert_fully_initialized();
+
   _has_aborted.store_relaxed(false);
 
+  _is_region_mark_stats_cache_in_use = true;
   reset_marking_for_restart();
 
   // Reset all tasks, since different phases will use different number of active
@@ -572,6 +581,9 @@ void G1ConcurrentMark::reset() {
   uint max_num_regions = _g1h->max_num_regions();
   ::new (_top_at_rebuild_starts) Atomic<HeapWord*>[max_num_regions]{};
   for (uint i = 0; i < max_num_regions; i++) {
+    // Do not update TAMS here. NoteStartOfMarkTask updates this in parallel in
+    // the pre-concurrent-start WorkerTask.
+    _top_at_rebuild_starts[i].store_relaxed(nullptr);
     _region_mark_stats[i].clear();
   }
 
@@ -579,11 +591,61 @@ void G1ConcurrentMark::reset() {
   _root_regions.reset();
 }
 
-void G1ConcurrentMark::clear_statistics(G1HeapRegion* r) {
+void G1ConcurrentMark::assert_statistics_clear(G1HeapRegion* r) {
+  assert_fully_initialized();
+#ifdef ASSERT
   uint region_idx = r->hrm_index();
   for (uint j = 0; j < _max_num_tasks; ++j) {
-    _tasks[j]->clear_mark_stats_cache(region_idx);
+    _tasks[j]->verify_no_mark_stats_for(r->hrm_index());
+  }
+
+  assert(_top_at_rebuild_starts[region_idx].load_relaxed() == nullptr, "must be");
+
+  G1RegionMarkStats* s = &_region_mark_stats[region_idx];
+  assert(s->incoming_refs() == 0, "must be");
+  assert(s->live_words() == 0, "must be");
+#endif
+}
+
+void G1ConcurrentMark::note_start_of_mark_for_region(G1HeapRegion* r) {
+  assert_at_safepoint();
+  assert_fully_initialized();
+  if (r->is_old_or_humongous() && !r->is_collection_set_candidate() && !r->in_collection_set()) {
+    update_top_at_mark_start(r);
+  } else {
+    set_top_at_mark_start_to_bottom(r);
+  }
+}
+
+void G1ConcurrentMark::notify_new_region(G1HeapRegion* r, size_t marked_live_bytes_below_tams) {
+  assert_at_safepoint();
+  if (!is_fully_initialized()) {
+    return;
+  }
+  G1CollectorState* state = _g1h->collector_state();
+  if (state->is_in_concurrent_start_gc()) {
+    update_top_at_mark_start(r);
+    set_live_bytes(r->hrm_index(), marked_live_bytes_below_tams);
+  }
+}
+
+void G1ConcurrentMark::reset_region_marking_state(G1HeapRegion* r) {
+  assert_at_safepoint();
+  if (!is_fully_initialized()) {
+    return;
+  }
+  uint region_idx = r->hrm_index();
+  // Only need to clear the stats cache for the given region if we are using the cache.
+  if (_is_region_mark_stats_cache_in_use) {
+    for (uint j = 0; j < _max_num_tasks; ++j) {
+      _tasks[j]->clear_mark_stats_cache(region_idx);
+    }
+  } else {
+    for (uint j = 0; j < _max_num_tasks; ++j) {
+      _tasks[j]->verify_no_mark_stats_for(region_idx);
+    }
   }
+  set_top_at_mark_start_to_bottom(r);
   _top_at_rebuild_starts[region_idx].store_relaxed(nullptr);
   _region_mark_stats[region_idx].clear();
 }
@@ -594,19 +656,11 @@ void G1ConcurrentMark::humongous_object_eagerly_reclaimed(G1HeapRegion* r) {
 
   // Need to clear mark bit of the humongous object. Doing this unconditionally is fine.
   mark_bitmap()->clear(r->bottom());
-
-  if (!_g1h->collector_state()->is_in_mark_or_rebuild()) {
-    return;
-  }
-
-  // Clear any statistics about the region gathered so far.
-  _g1h->humongous_obj_regions_iterate(r,
-                                      [&] (G1HeapRegion* r) {
-                                        clear_statistics(r);
-                                      });
 }
 
 void G1ConcurrentMark::reset_marking_for_restart() {
+  assert_fully_initialized();
+
   _global_mark_stack.set_empty();
 
   // Expand the marking stack, if we have to and if we can.
@@ -729,7 +783,6 @@ class G1ClearBitMapTask : public WorkerTask {
           assert(_bitmap->get_next_marked_addr(r->bottom(), r->end()) == r->end(), "Should not have marked bits");
           return r->bottom();
         }
-        assert(_bitmap->get_next_marked_addr(_cm->top_at_mark_start(r), r->end()) == r->end(), "Should not have marked bits above tams");
       }
       return r->end();
     }
@@ -776,8 +829,6 @@ class G1ClearBitMapTask : public WorkerTask {
       }
       assert(cur >= end, "Must have completed iteration over the bitmap for region %u.", r->hrm_index());
 
-      _cm->reset_top_at_mark_start(r);
-
       return false;
     }
   };
@@ -877,11 +928,7 @@ class G1PreConcurrentStartTask::NoteStartOfMarkTask : public G1AbstractSubTask {
     NoteStartOfMarkHRClosure() : G1HeapRegionClosure(), _cm(G1CollectedHeap::heap()->concurrent_mark()) { }
 
     bool do_heap_region(G1HeapRegion* r) override {
-      if (r->is_old_or_humongous() && !r->is_collection_set_candidate() && !r->in_collection_set()) {
-        _cm->update_top_at_mark_start(r);
-      } else {
-        _cm->reset_top_at_mark_start(r);
-      }
+      _cm->note_start_of_mark_for_region(r);
       return false;
     }
   } _region_cl;
@@ -1189,6 +1236,11 @@ void G1ConcurrentMark::add_root_region(G1HeapRegion* r) {
   root_regions()->add(top_at_mark_start(r), r->top());
 }
 
+void G1ConcurrentMark::add_root_region_set_bottom(G1HeapRegion* r) {
+  set_top_at_mark_start_to_bottom(r);
+  root_regions()->add(r->bottom(), r->top());
+}
+
 bool G1ConcurrentMark::is_root_region(G1HeapRegion* r) {
   return root_regions()->contains(MemRegion(top_at_mark_start(r), r->top()));
 }
@@ -1822,7 +1874,7 @@ void G1ConcurrentMark::finalize_marking() {
   print_stats();
 }
 
-void G1ConcurrentMark::flush_all_task_caches() {
+void G1ConcurrentMark::flush_all_task_caches(bool ends_use_of_mark_cache) {
   size_t hits = 0;
   size_t misses = 0;
   for (uint i = 0; i < _max_num_tasks; i++) {
@@ -1833,6 +1885,9 @@ void G1ConcurrentMark::flush_all_task_caches() {
   size_t sum = hits + misses;
   log_debug(gc, stats)("Mark stats cache hits %zu misses %zu ratio %1.3lf",
                        hits, misses, percent_of(hits, sum));
+  if (ends_use_of_mark_cache) {
+    _is_region_mark_stats_cache_in_use = false;
+  }
 }
 
 void G1ConcurrentMark::clear_bitmap_for_region(G1HeapRegion* hr) {
@@ -1870,7 +1925,8 @@ G1HeapRegion* G1ConcurrentMark::claim_region(uint worker_id) {
         return curr_region;
       } else {
         assert(limit == bottom,
-               "The region limit should be at bottom");
+               "The scan limit for region %u (%s) should be bottom but is " PTR_FORMAT,
+               curr_region->hrm_index(), curr_region->get_short_type_str(), p2i(limit));
         // We return null and the caller should try calling
         // claim_region() again.
         return nullptr;
@@ -1878,7 +1934,9 @@ G1HeapRegion* G1ConcurrentMark::claim_region(uint worker_id) {
     } else {
       // Read the finger again.
       HeapWord* next_finger = finger();
-      assert(next_finger > local_finger, "The finger should have moved forward " PTR_FORMAT " " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(local_finger), p2i(next_finger));
+      assert(next_finger > local_finger,
+             "The finger should have moved forward " PTR_FORMAT " " PTR_FORMAT,
+             p2i(local_finger), p2i(next_finger));
       local_finger = next_finger;
     }
   }
@@ -2003,6 +2061,7 @@ bool G1ConcurrentMark::concurrent_cycle_abort() {
     return false;
   }
 
+  flush_all_task_caches();
   reset_marking_for_restart();
 
   abort_marking_threads();
@@ -2457,6 +2516,12 @@ void G1CMTask::drain_satb_buffers() {
   decrease_limits();
 }
 
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+void G1CMTask::verify_no_mark_stats_for(uint region_idx) {
+  _mark_stats_cache.verify_no_mark_stats_for(region_idx);
+}
+#endif
+
 void G1CMTask::clear_mark_stats_cache(uint region_idx) {
   _mark_stats_cache.reset(region_idx);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp
index 2040916b8e7..f0071286e04 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp
@@ -494,15 +494,18 @@ class G1ConcurrentMark : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   // true, periodically insert checks to see if this method should exit prematurely.
   void clear_bitmap(WorkerThreads* workers, bool may_yield);
 
+  // Records whether the region mark stats cache may contain entries due to marking activity,
+  // and the cache for freed regions needs to be cleared for those.
+  bool _is_region_mark_stats_cache_in_use;
   // Region statistics gathered during marking.
   G1RegionMarkStats* _region_mark_stats;
-  // Top pointer for each region at the start of marking. Must be valid for all committed
-  // regions.
+  // Top pointer for each region at the start of marking. Must be valid, i.e. be within
+  // [bottom, end] of a region for all committed regions.
   Atomic<HeapWord*>* _top_at_mark_starts;
   // Top pointer for each region at the start of the rebuild remembered set process
   // for regions which remembered sets need to be rebuilt. A null for a given region
-  // means that this region does not be scanned during the rebuilding remembered
-  // set phase at all.
+  // means that this region does not need to be scanned during the remembered set rebuild
+  // phase at all.
   Atomic<HeapWord*>* _top_at_rebuild_starts;
   // True when Remark pause selected regions for rebuilding.
   bool _needs_remembered_set_rebuild;
@@ -512,27 +515,47 @@ class G1ConcurrentMark : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   // Concurrent cycle state queries.
   bool is_in_concurrent_cycle() const;
   bool is_in_marking() const;
-  bool is_in_rebuild_or_scrub() const;
+  bool is_in_marking_or_rebuild() const;
   bool is_in_reset_for_next_cycle() const;
 
+  void assert_fully_initialized() const { assert(is_fully_initialized(), "must be"); }
+  // The TAMS may be read and returns useful values related to the current concurrent marking.
+  // This is the case only during the concurrent cycle or the Concurrent Start pause.
+  inline bool tams_may_be_read() const;
+  // Update the TAMS for the given region to the current top.
+  inline void update_top_at_mark_start(G1HeapRegion* r);
+  // Reset the TAMS for the given region to bottom.
+  inline void set_top_at_mark_start_to_bottom(G1HeapRegion* r);
+
 public:
   // To be called when an object is marked the first time, e.g. after a successful
   // mark_in_bitmap call. Updates various statistics data.
   void add_to_liveness(uint worker_id, oop const obj, size_t size);
   // Did the last marking find a live object between bottom and TAMS?
-  bool contains_live_object(uint region) const { return _region_mark_stats[region].live_words() != 0; }
+  bool contains_live_object(uint region) const;
   // Live bytes in the given region as determined by concurrent marking, i.e. the amount of
   // live bytes between bottom and TAMS.
-  size_t live_bytes(uint region) const { return _region_mark_stats[region].live_words() * HeapWordSize; }
+  size_t live_bytes(uint region) const;
   // Set live bytes for concurrent marking.
-  void set_live_bytes(uint region, size_t live_bytes) { _region_mark_stats[region]._live_words.store_relaxed(live_bytes / HeapWordSize); }
+  void set_live_bytes(uint region, size_t live_bytes);
   // Approximate number of incoming references found during marking.
-  size_t incoming_refs(uint region) const { return _region_mark_stats[region].incoming_refs(); }
-
-  // Update the TAMS for the given region to the current top.
-  inline void update_top_at_mark_start(G1HeapRegion* r);
-  // Reset the TAMS for the given region to bottom of that region.
-  inline void reset_top_at_mark_start(G1HeapRegion* r);
+  size_t incoming_refs(uint region) const;
+
+  void note_start_of_mark_for_region(G1HeapRegion* r);
+  inline void assert_top_at_mark_start_is_bottom(G1HeapRegion* r);
+
+  // Returns the TAMS for the given region; outside of the concurrent cycle or Concurrent Start
+  // pause, always returns r->bottom().
+  // Intended to be used for queries that are not allowed to fail at any time, but give a
+  // reasonable value, e.g. for logging to avoid having to do lots of check at every call site.
+  // Do not use for logic.
+  inline HeapWord* top_at_mark_start_or_bottom(const G1HeapRegion* r) const;
+  // Special method to return TAMS for verification purposes. During verification, if Full GC
+  // aborted a concurrent cycle, we need to use the TAMS data because the bitmap < TAMS may
+  // legitimately contain marks, however since we are in a Full GC tams_may_be_read() returns
+  // false. The other methods would return bottom(), which is wrong for verification.
+  inline HeapWord* top_at_mark_start_for_verification(const G1HeapRegion* r,
+                                                      bool concurrent_cycle_aborted) const;
 
   inline HeapWord* top_at_mark_start(const G1HeapRegion* r) const;
   inline HeapWord* top_at_mark_start(uint region) const;
@@ -551,10 +574,16 @@ class G1ConcurrentMark : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
 
   uint max_num_tasks() const {return _max_num_tasks; }
 
-  // Clear statistics gathered during the concurrent cycle for the given region after
-  // it has been reclaimed.
-  void clear_statistics(G1HeapRegion* r);
-  // Notification for eagerly reclaimed regions to clean up.
+  void assert_statistics_clear(G1HeapRegion* r);
+
+  // Notification for marking that a new region has been added to the heap. Updates the TAMS and
+  // live bytes for this region during a Concurrent Start pause.
+  void notify_new_region(G1HeapRegion* r, size_t marked_live_bytes_below_tams = 0);
+
+  // Resets region marking state for the given region, i.e. TAMS, statistics, task metadata,
+  // etc. to initial state.
+  void reset_region_marking_state(G1HeapRegion* r);
+  // Notification for eagerly reclaimed regions to do extra clean up.
   void humongous_object_eagerly_reclaimed(G1HeapRegion* r);
   // Manipulation of the global mark stack.
   // The push and pop operations are used by tasks for transfers
@@ -605,7 +634,7 @@ class G1ConcurrentMark : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   void reset();
 
   // Moves all per-task cached data into global state.
-  void flush_all_task_caches();
+  void flush_all_task_caches(bool ends_use_of_mark_cache = true);
   // Prepare internal data structures for the next mark cycle. This includes clearing
   // the next mark bitmap and some internal data structures. This method is intended
   // to be called concurrently to the mutator. It will yield to safepoint requests.
@@ -632,6 +661,7 @@ class G1ConcurrentMark : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   void stop();
 
   void add_root_region(G1HeapRegion* r);
+  void add_root_region_set_bottom(G1HeapRegion* r);
   bool is_root_region(G1HeapRegion* r);
 
   // Scan all the root regions concurrently and mark everything reachable from
@@ -958,6 +988,7 @@ class G1CMTask : public TerminatorTerminator {
 
   inline void inc_incoming_refs(oop const obj);
 
+  void verify_no_mark_stats_for(uint region_idx) PRODUCT_RETURN;
   // Clear (without flushing) the mark cache entry for the given region.
   void clear_mark_stats_cache(uint region_idx);
   // Evict the whole statistics cache into the global statistics. Returns the
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.inline.hpp
index 094f4dca994..ec6a486dc02 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.inline.hpp
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp"
 
 #include "gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp"
+#include "gc/g1/g1CollectorState.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkBitMap.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1HeapRegion.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.inline.hpp"
@@ -189,20 +190,69 @@ inline void G1CMTask::process_array_chunk(objArrayOop obj, size_t start, size_t
 }
 
 inline void G1ConcurrentMark::update_top_at_mark_start(G1HeapRegion* r) {
+  assert_fully_initialized();
+  assert(_g1h->collector_state()->is_in_concurrent_start_gc(), "must be");
   uint const region = r->hrm_index();
   assert(region < _g1h->max_num_regions(), "Tried to access TAMS for region %u out of bounds", region);
   _top_at_mark_starts[region].store_relaxed(r->top());
 }
 
-inline void G1ConcurrentMark::reset_top_at_mark_start(G1HeapRegion* r) {
+inline void G1ConcurrentMark::set_top_at_mark_start_to_bottom(G1HeapRegion* r) {
+  assert_fully_initialized();
   _top_at_mark_starts[r->hrm_index()].store_relaxed(r->bottom());
 }
 
+inline void G1ConcurrentMark::assert_top_at_mark_start_is_bottom(G1HeapRegion* r) {
+  // Can not assert anything if not initialized.
+  if (!tams_may_be_read()) {
+    return;
+  }
+  HeapWord* local_top_at_mark_start = top_at_mark_start(r);
+  assert(local_top_at_mark_start == r->bottom(),
+         "must be, but tams for r %u (%s) is" PTR_FORMAT,
+         r->hrm_index(), r->get_short_type_str(), p2i(local_top_at_mark_start));
+}
+
+inline HeapWord* G1ConcurrentMark::top_at_mark_start_or_bottom(const G1HeapRegion* r) const {
+  if (!tams_may_be_read()) {
+    return r->bottom();
+  }
+  return top_at_mark_start(r);
+}
+
+inline HeapWord* G1ConcurrentMark::top_at_mark_start_for_verification(const G1HeapRegion* r,
+                                                                      bool concurrent_cycle_aborted) const {
+  if (!is_fully_initialized()) {
+    // We do not have TAMS data yet.
+    return r->bottom();
+  }
+  if (tams_may_be_read()) {
+    // Normal case, we can read TAMS data and it is valid.
+    return top_at_mark_start(r);
+  }
+  if (concurrent_cycle_aborted) {
+    assert(_g1h->collector_state()->is_in_full_gc(), "Must be in Full GC if concurrent cycle has aborted");
+    assert(r->hrm_index() < _g1h->max_num_regions(),
+           "Tried to access TAMS for region %u out of bounds", r->hrm_index());
+    return _top_at_mark_starts[r->hrm_index()].load_relaxed();
+  }
+  return r->bottom();
+}
+
+inline bool G1ConcurrentMark::tams_may_be_read() const {
+  // We need the TAMS to be valid even outside of actual marking for e.g. clearing the bitmap.
+  G1CollectorState* state = _g1h->collector_state();
+  return is_fully_initialized() &&
+         (state->is_in_concurrent_cycle() || state->is_in_concurrent_start_gc());
+}
+
 inline HeapWord* G1ConcurrentMark::top_at_mark_start(const G1HeapRegion* r) const {
   return top_at_mark_start(r->hrm_index());
 }
 
 inline HeapWord* G1ConcurrentMark::top_at_mark_start(uint region) const {
+  assert_fully_initialized();
+  assert(tams_may_be_read(), "must be");
   assert(region < _g1h->max_num_regions(), "Tried to access TARS for region %u out of bounds", region);
   return _top_at_mark_starts[region].load_relaxed();
 }
@@ -214,10 +264,12 @@ inline bool G1ConcurrentMark::obj_allocated_since_mark_start(oop obj) const {
 }
 
 inline HeapWord* G1ConcurrentMark::top_at_rebuild_start(G1HeapRegion* r) const {
+  assert_fully_initialized();
   return _top_at_rebuild_starts[r->hrm_index()].load_relaxed();
 }
 
 inline void G1ConcurrentMark::update_top_at_rebuild_start(G1HeapRegion* r) {
+  assert_fully_initialized();
   assert(r->is_old() || r->is_humongous(), "precondition");
 
   uint const region = r->hrm_index();
@@ -240,6 +292,26 @@ inline void G1ConcurrentMark::add_to_liveness(uint worker_id, oop const obj, siz
   task(worker_id)->update_liveness(obj, size);
 }
 
+inline bool G1ConcurrentMark::contains_live_object(uint region) const {
+  assert_fully_initialized();
+  return _region_mark_stats[region].live_words() != 0;
+}
+
+inline size_t G1ConcurrentMark::live_bytes(uint region) const {
+  assert_fully_initialized();
+  return _region_mark_stats[region].live_words() * HeapWordSize;
+}
+
+inline void G1ConcurrentMark::set_live_bytes(uint region, size_t live_bytes) {
+  assert_fully_initialized();
+  _region_mark_stats[region]._live_words.store_relaxed(live_bytes / HeapWordSize);
+}
+
+inline size_t G1ConcurrentMark::incoming_refs(uint region) const {
+  assert_fully_initialized();
+  return _region_mark_stats[region].incoming_refs();
+}
+
 inline void G1CMTask::abort_marking_if_regular_check_fail() {
   if (!regular_clock_call()) {
     set_has_aborted();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkRemarkTasks.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkRemarkTasks.cpp
index 3eda7200e25..02c1d2bf0d3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkRemarkTasks.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkRemarkTasks.cpp
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ struct G1UpdateRegionLivenessAndSelectForRebuildTask::G1OnRegionClosure : public
     _freed_bytes += hr->used();
     hr->set_containing_set(nullptr);
     hr->clear_both_card_tables();
-    _cm->clear_statistics(hr);
+    _cm->assert_statistics_clear(hr);
     G1HeapRegionPrinter::mark_reclaim(hr);
     _g1h->concurrent_refine()->notify_region_reclaimed(hr);
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.hpp
index ad6062d0239..a22442c2b7f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.hpp
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ class G1ConcurrentMarkThread: public ConcurrentGCThread {
   bool is_in_progress() const;
 
   bool is_in_marking() const;
-  bool is_in_rebuild_or_scrub() const;
+  bool is_in_marking_or_rebuild() const;
   bool is_in_reset_for_next_cycle() const;
 
   bool is_in_undo_cycle() const;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.inline.hpp
index be2bc8e9e7a..bea6fe4e451 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.inline.hpp
@@ -79,8 +79,9 @@ inline bool G1ConcurrentMarkThread::is_in_marking() const {
   return state() == FullCycleMarking;
 }
 
-inline bool G1ConcurrentMarkThread::is_in_rebuild_or_scrub() const {
-  return state() == FullCycleRebuildOrScrub;
+inline bool G1ConcurrentMarkThread::is_in_marking_or_rebuild() const {
+  ServiceState st = state();
+  return st == FullCycleMarking || st == FullCycleRebuildOrScrub;
 }
 
 inline bool G1ConcurrentMarkThread::is_in_reset_for_next_cycle() const {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRebuildAndScrub.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRebuildAndScrub.cpp
index cd560a41333..5b652f096a7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRebuildAndScrub.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRebuildAndScrub.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -180,7 +180,10 @@ class G1RebuildRSAndScrubTask : public WorkerTask {
       assert(should_rebuild_or_scrub(hr), "must be");
 
       log_trace(gc, marking)("Scrub and rebuild region: " HR_FORMAT " pb: " PTR_FORMAT " TARS: " PTR_FORMAT " TAMS: " PTR_FORMAT,
-                             HR_FORMAT_PARAMS(hr), p2i(pb), p2i(_cm->top_at_rebuild_start(hr)), p2i(_cm->top_at_mark_start(hr)));
+                             HR_FORMAT_PARAMS(hr),
+                             p2i(pb),
+                             p2i(_cm->top_at_rebuild_start(hr)),
+                             p2i(_cm->top_at_mark_start_or_bottom(hr)));
 
       {
         // Step 1: Scan the given region from bottom to parsable_bottom.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullCollector.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullCollector.cpp
index cf153226920..c5af4a8220b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullCollector.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullCollector.cpp
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ void G1FullCollector::prepare_collection() {
 
   // Verification needs the bitmap, so we should clear the bitmap only later.
   bool in_concurrent_cycle = _heap->abort_concurrent_cycle();
-  _heap->verify_before_full_collection();
+  _heap->verify_before_full_collection(in_concurrent_cycle);
   if (in_concurrent_cycle) {
     GCTraceTime(Debug, gc) debug("Clear Bitmap");
     _heap->concurrent_mark()->clear_bitmap(_heap->workers());
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCResetMetadataTask.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCResetMetadataTask.cpp
index c8fba3459aa..310cc4297c6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCResetMetadataTask.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCResetMetadataTask.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ void G1FullGCResetMetadataTask::G1ResetMetadataClosure::reset_region_metadata(G1
          "Non-humongous regions must not have cset group");
   hr->rem_set()->clear();
   hr->clear_both_card_tables();
+  _g1h->concurrent_mark()->reset_region_marking_state(hr);
 }
 
 bool G1FullGCResetMetadataTask::G1ResetMetadataClosure::do_heap_region(G1HeapRegion* hr) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegion.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegion.cpp
index 2052a3ce156..810bd4df2ee 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegion.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegion.cpp
@@ -129,8 +129,6 @@ void G1HeapRegion::hr_clear(bool clear_space) {
 
   rem_set()->clear();
 
-  G1CollectedHeap::heap()->concurrent_mark()->reset_top_at_mark_start(this);
-
   _parsable_bottom.store_relaxed(bottom());
   _garbage_bytes.store_relaxed(0);
   _incoming_refs = 0;
@@ -439,7 +437,9 @@ void G1HeapRegion::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
   }
   G1ConcurrentMark* cm = G1CollectedHeap::heap()->concurrent_mark();
   st->print("|TAMS " PTR_FORMAT "| PB " PTR_FORMAT "| %-9s ",
-            p2i(cm->top_at_mark_start(this)), p2i(parsable_bottom_acquire()), rem_set()->get_state_str());
+            p2i(cm->top_at_mark_start_or_bottom(this)),
+            p2i(parsable_bottom_acquire()),
+            rem_set()->get_state_str());
   if (UseNUMA) {
     G1NUMA* numa = G1NUMA::numa();
     if (node_index() < numa->num_active_nodes()) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegion.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegion.inline.hpp
index 619aef35a9a..87597d450cb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegion.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegion.inline.hpp
@@ -152,10 +152,6 @@ inline void G1HeapRegion::reset_skip_compacting_after_full_gc() {
 }
 
 inline void G1HeapRegion::reset_after_full_gc_common() {
-  // After a full gc the mark information in a movable region is invalid. Reset marking
-  // information.
-  G1CollectedHeap::heap()->concurrent_mark()->reset_top_at_mark_start(this);
-
   // Everything above bottom() is parsable and live.
   reset_parsable_bottom();
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapVerifier.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapVerifier.cpp
index 304722c13a1..7b518379a73 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapVerifier.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapVerifier.cpp
@@ -499,12 +499,14 @@ void G1HeapVerifier::verify_marking_state() {
   // Verify TAMSes, bitmaps and liveness statistics.
   //
   // - if part of marking: TAMS != bottom, liveness == 0, bitmap clear
-  // - if evacuation failed + part of marking: TAMS != bottom, liveness != 0, bitmap has at least on object set (corresponding to liveness)
+  // - if evacuation failed + part of marking: TAMS != bottom, liveness != 0, bitmap has at least one
+  //   object set (corresponding to liveness)
   // - if not part of marking: TAMS == bottom, liveness == 0, bitmap clear; must be in root region
 
   // To compare liveness recorded in G1ConcurrentMark and actual we need to flush the
-  // cache.
-  G1CollectedHeap::heap()->concurrent_mark()->flush_all_task_caches();
+  // cache. Do not signal end of use of the mark stats cache as this flush is only to
+  // make verification work. Further concurrent marking continues to need these values.
+  G1CollectedHeap::heap()->concurrent_mark()->flush_all_task_caches(false /* ends_use_of_mark_cache */);
 
   G1VerifyRegionMarkingStateClosure cl;
   _g1h->heap_region_iterate(&cl);
@@ -532,28 +534,32 @@ void G1HeapVerifier::verify_after_gc() {
   verify_card_tables_in_sync();
 }
 
-void G1HeapVerifier::verify_bitmap_clear(bool from_tams) {
+void G1HeapVerifier::verify_bitmap_clear(bool from_tams, bool concurrent_cycle_aborted) {
   if (!G1VerifyBitmaps) {
     return;
   }
 
   class G1VerifyBitmapClear : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
     bool _from_tams;
+    bool _concurrent_cycle_aborted;
 
   public:
-    G1VerifyBitmapClear(bool from_tams) : _from_tams(from_tams) { }
+    G1VerifyBitmapClear(bool from_tams, bool concurrent_cycle_aborted) :
+      _from_tams(from_tams), _concurrent_cycle_aborted(concurrent_cycle_aborted) { }
 
     virtual bool do_heap_region(G1HeapRegion* r) {
       G1ConcurrentMark* cm = G1CollectedHeap::heap()->concurrent_mark();
       G1CMBitMap* bitmap = cm->mark_bitmap();
 
-      HeapWord* start = _from_tams ? cm->top_at_mark_start(r) : r->bottom();
+      HeapWord* start = _from_tams
+                        ? cm->top_at_mark_start_for_verification(r, _concurrent_cycle_aborted)
+                        : r->bottom();
 
       HeapWord* mark = bitmap->get_next_marked_addr(start, r->end());
       guarantee(mark == r->end(), "Found mark at " PTR_FORMAT " in region %u from start " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(mark), r->hrm_index(), p2i(start));
       return false;
     }
-  } cl(from_tams);
+  } cl(from_tams, concurrent_cycle_aborted);
 
   G1CollectedHeap::heap()->heap_region_iterate(&cl);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapVerifier.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapVerifier.hpp
index 55f6646563f..05a89a524d6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapVerifier.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapVerifier.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -73,7 +73,8 @@ class G1HeapVerifier : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   // Verify that marking state is set up correctly after a concurrent start pause.
   void verify_marking_state();
 
-  void verify_bitmap_clear(bool above_tams_only);
+  void verify_bitmap_clear(bool above_tams_only,
+                           bool concurrent_cycle_aborted = false);
 
   // Do sanity check on the contents of the in-cset fast test table.
   bool check_region_attr_table() PRODUCT_RETURN_( return true; );
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
index 04afd262dd4..6aeabb9ac9b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
@@ -672,8 +672,8 @@ void G1Policy::record_dirtying_stats(double last_mutator_start_dirty_ms,
   _to_collection_set_cards = next_to_collection_set_cards;
 }
 
-bool G1Policy::should_retain_evac_failed_region(uint index) const {
-  size_t live_bytes = _g1h->region_at(index)->live_bytes();
+bool G1Policy::should_retain_evac_failed_region(G1HeapRegion* r) const {
+  size_t live_bytes = r->live_bytes();
   size_t threshold = G1RetainRegionLiveThresholdPercent * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes / 100;
   return live_bytes < threshold;
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.hpp
index 3cfd54c8c94..b661daa9a3e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.hpp
@@ -389,10 +389,7 @@ class G1Policy: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
                              size_t next_pending_cards_from_gc,
                              size_t next_to_collection_set_cards);
 
-  bool should_retain_evac_failed_region(G1HeapRegion* r) const {
-    return should_retain_evac_failed_region(r->hrm_index());
-  }
-  bool should_retain_evac_failed_region(uint index) const;
+  bool should_retain_evac_failed_region(G1HeapRegion* r) const;
 
 private:
   //
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionMarkStatsCache.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionMarkStatsCache.hpp
index df76147f4b1..4db2dbd2287 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionMarkStatsCache.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionMarkStatsCache.hpp
@@ -44,6 +44,8 @@ struct G1RegionMarkStats {
   Atomic<size_t> _live_words;
   Atomic<size_t> _incoming_refs;
 
+  G1RegionMarkStats() : _live_words(0), _incoming_refs(0) { }
+
   // Clear all members.
   void clear() {
     _live_words.store_relaxed(0);
@@ -121,6 +123,16 @@ class G1RegionMarkStatsCache {
     cur->_stats._live_words.store_relaxed(cur->_stats.live_words() + live_words);
   }
 
+  void verify_no_mark_stats_for(uint region_idx) {
+    uint const cache_idx = hash(region_idx);
+    G1RegionMarkStatsCacheEntry* const cur = &_cache[cache_idx];
+    if (cur->_region_idx != region_idx) {
+      return;
+    }
+    assert(cur->_stats.incoming_refs() == 0, "must be");
+    assert(cur->_stats.live_words() == 0, "must be");
+  }
+
   void inc_incoming_refs(uint region_idx) {
     G1RegionMarkStatsCacheEntry* const cur = find_for_add(region_idx);
     // This method is only ever called single-threaded, so we do not need atomic
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp
index 608f12e3859..bcb50dcc98f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp
@@ -1061,11 +1061,10 @@ class G1MergeHeapRootsTask : public WorkerTask {
       // so the bitmap for the regions in the collection set must be cleared if not already.
       if (should_clear_region(hr)) {
         _g1h->clear_bitmap_for_region(hr);
-        _g1h->concurrent_mark()->reset_top_at_mark_start(hr);
       } else {
         assert_bitmap_clear(hr, _g1h->concurrent_mark()->mark_bitmap());
       }
-      _g1h->concurrent_mark()->clear_statistics(hr);
+      _g1h->concurrent_mark()->reset_region_marking_state(hr);
       _scan_state->add_all_dirty_region(hr->hrm_index());
       return false;
     }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SATBMarkQueueSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SATBMarkQueueSet.cpp
index 7d197c37158..7553936bb26 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SATBMarkQueueSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SATBMarkQueueSet.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -114,5 +114,12 @@ class G1SATBMarkQueueFilterFn {
 };
 
 void G1SATBMarkQueueSet::filter(SATBMarkQueue& queue) {
-  apply_filter(G1SATBMarkQueueFilterFn(), queue);
+  G1CollectedHeap* g1h = G1CollectedHeap::heap();
+  if (g1h->collector_state()->is_in_marking()) {
+    apply_filter(G1SATBMarkQueueFilterFn(), queue);
+  } else {
+    // is_in_marking() covers both the concurrent marking and the Remark pause. Outside
+    // of that, there can be no entry that requires SATB marking.
+    queue.set_empty();
+  }
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.cpp
index edfe97d04d6..ec83d8a27d3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.cpp
@@ -362,13 +362,14 @@ class G1PrepareEvacuationTask : public WorkerTask {
       // There is no difference between scanning cards covering an effectively
       // dead humongous object vs. some other objects in reallocated regions.
       //
-      // TAMSes are only reset after completing the entire mark cycle, during
-      // bitmap clearing. It is worth to not wait until then, and allow reclamation
-      // outside of actual (concurrent) SATB marking.
+      // TAMSes are only reset in the Concurrent Start pause and when they are
+      // reclaimed/freed. It is worth to not wait for TAMS updates until either
+      // of these conditions applies and allow reclamation as much as possible.
       // This also applies to the concurrent start pause - we only set
-      // mark_in_progress() at the end of that GC: no mutator is running that can
+      // is_in_marking() at the end of that GC: no mutator is running that can
       // sneakily install a new reference to the potentially reclaimed humongous
       // object.
+      //
       // During the concurrent start pause the situation described above where we
       // miss a reference can not happen. No mutator is modifying the object
       // graph to install such an overlooked reference.
@@ -376,12 +377,15 @@ class G1PrepareEvacuationTask : public WorkerTask {
       // After the pause, having reclaimed h, obviously the mutator can't fetch
       // the reference from h any more.
       if (!obj->is_typeArray()) {
-        // All regions that were allocated before marking have a TAMS != bottom.
-        bool allocated_before_mark_start = region->bottom() != _g1h->concurrent_mark()->top_at_mark_start(region);
         bool mark_in_progress = _g1h->collector_state()->is_in_marking();
-
-        if (allocated_before_mark_start && mark_in_progress) {
-          return false;
+        // top_at_mark_start() will assert outside of marking, so check first.
+        if (mark_in_progress) {
+          // All regions that were allocated before marking have a TAMS != bottom.
+          G1ConcurrentMark* cm = _g1h->concurrent_mark();
+          bool allocated_before_mark_start = region->bottom() != cm->top_at_mark_start(region);
+          if (allocated_before_mark_start) {
+            return false;
+          }
         }
       }
       return _g1h->is_potential_eager_reclaim_candidate(region);
@@ -1028,7 +1032,7 @@ void G1YoungCollector::enqueue_candidates_as_root_regions() {
 
   G1CollectionSetCandidates* candidates = collection_set()->candidates();
   candidates->iterate_regions([&] (G1HeapRegion* r) {
-    _g1h->concurrent_mark()->add_root_region(r);
+    _g1h->concurrent_mark()->add_root_region_set_bottom(r);
   });
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp
index cc9c4b10202..97378d0542e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp
@@ -394,8 +394,13 @@ class G1FreeHumongousRegionClosure : public G1HeapRegionIndexClosure {
     oop obj = cast_to_oop(r->bottom());
     {
       ResourceMark rm;
-      bool allocated_after_mark_start = r->bottom() == _g1h->concurrent_mark()->top_at_mark_start(r);
       bool mark_in_progress = _g1h->collector_state()->is_in_marking();
+      bool allocated_after_mark_start = false;
+      if (mark_in_progress) {
+        // top_at_mark_start() will assert if we are not in marking, so check first.
+        allocated_after_mark_start = r->bottom() == _g1h->concurrent_mark()->top_at_mark_start(r);
+      }
+
       guarantee(obj->is_typeArray() || (allocated_after_mark_start || !mark_in_progress),
                 "Only eagerly reclaiming primitive arrays is supported, other humongous objects only if allocated after mark start, but the object "
                 PTR_FORMAT " (%s) is not (mark %d allocated after mark: %d).",
@@ -498,20 +503,22 @@ class G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask2::ProcessEvacuationFailedRegionsTas
       G1CollectedHeap* g1h = G1CollectedHeap::heap();
       G1ConcurrentMark* cm = g1h->concurrent_mark();
 
-      // Concurrent mark does not mark through regions that we retain (they are root
-      // regions wrt to marking), so we must clear their mark data (tams, bitmap, ...)
-      // set eagerly or during evacuation failure.
+      // Retained regions are root regions for marking, so we must clear their mark data
+      // (tams, bitmap, ...). Outside of Concurrent Start GC we must always clear the mark data
+      // for the next GC.
       bool clear_mark_data = !g1h->collector_state()->is_in_concurrent_start_gc() ||
                              g1h->policy()->should_retain_evac_failed_region(r);
 
       if (clear_mark_data) {
         g1h->clear_bitmap_for_region(r);
+        // Must be because this is a region that should not have been selected to
+        // be marked through.
+        cm->assert_top_at_mark_start_is_bottom(r);
       } else {
         // This evacuation failed region is going to be marked through. Update mark data.
-        cm->update_top_at_mark_start(r);
-        cm->set_live_bytes(r->hrm_index(), r->live_bytes());
-        assert(cm->mark_bitmap()->get_next_marked_addr(r->bottom(), cm->top_at_mark_start(r)) != cm->top_at_mark_start(r),
-               "Marks must be on bitmap for region %u", r->hrm_index());
+        // Since we have some marked live data information, pass that too.
+        cm->assert_statistics_clear(r);
+        cm->notify_new_region(r, r->live_bytes());
       }
       return false;
     }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/satbMarkQueue.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/satbMarkQueue.cpp
index 63496f2eb25..a1bd4e5a9c8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/satbMarkQueue.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/satbMarkQueue.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ void SATBMarkQueueSet::set_active_all_threads(bool active, bool expected_active)
       if (_active) {
         assert(queue.is_empty(), "queues should be empty when activated");
       } else {
-        queue.set_index(queue.current_capacity());
+        queue.set_empty();
       }
       queue.set_active(_active);
     }
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ size_t SATBMarkQueue::current_capacity() const {
 }
 
 void SATBMarkQueueSet::reset_queue(SATBMarkQueue& queue) {
-  queue.set_index(queue.current_capacity());
+  queue.set_empty();
 }
 
 void SATBMarkQueueSet::flush_queue(SATBMarkQueue& queue) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/satbMarkQueue.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/satbMarkQueue.hpp
index f1577c004de..36c287cd64d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/satbMarkQueue.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/satbMarkQueue.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -99,6 +99,10 @@ class SATBMarkQueue {
     _index = index_to_byte_index(new_index);
   }
 
+  void set_empty() {
+    set_index(current_capacity());
+  }
+
   // Returns the capacity of the buffer, or 0 if the queue doesn't currently
   // have a buffer.
   size_t current_capacity() const;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestEagerReclaimHumongousRegions.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestEagerReclaimHumongousRegions.java
index 5637e578e8f..37902cad906 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestEagerReclaimHumongousRegions.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestEagerReclaimHumongousRegions.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -109,7 +109,10 @@ private static List<String> testArgs() throws Exception {
                        "-Xmx20M",
                        "-Xms20m",
                        "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                       "-XX:+VerifyBeforeGC",
                        "-XX:+VerifyAfterGC",
+                       "-XX:+VerifyDuringGC",
+                       "-XX:+G1VerifyBitmaps",
                        "-Xbootclasspath/a:.",
                        "-Xlog:gc=debug,gc+humongous=debug",
                        "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestVerificationInConcurrentCycle.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestVerificationInConcurrentCycle.java
index 5a69a6e5288..b5cf4c333a6 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestVerificationInConcurrentCycle.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestVerificationInConcurrentCycle.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
 
 package gc.g1;
 
+import java.lang.ref.Reference;
+
 /*
  * @test TestVerificationInConcurrentCycle
  * @requires vm.gc.G1
@@ -34,6 +36,7 @@
  * @run main/othervm
  *   -Xbootclasspath/a:.
  *   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *   -XX:G1HeapRegionSize=2m
  *   -XX:+VerifyBeforeGC -XX:+VerifyDuringGC -XX:+VerifyAfterGC
  *   -XX:+UseG1GC -XX:+G1VerifyHeapRegionCodeRoots
  *   -XX:+G1VerifyBitmaps
@@ -52,6 +55,7 @@
  * @run main/othervm
  *   -Xbootclasspath/a:.
  *   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *   -XX:G1HeapRegionSize=2m
  *   -XX:+VerifyBeforeGC -XX:+VerifyDuringGC -XX:+VerifyAfterGC
  *   -XX:+UseG1GC -XX:+G1VerifyHeapRegionCodeRoots
  *   gc.g1.TestVerificationInConcurrentCycle
@@ -64,27 +68,50 @@ public class TestVerificationInConcurrentCycle {
 
     private static final WhiteBox WB = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
 
+    private static Object[] allocateHumongous() {
+        Object[] result = new Object[7];
+        for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
+            result[i] = new byte[1024 * 1024]; // Is humongous.
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private static void dropHalf(Object[] array) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
+            if (i % 2 == 0) {
+                array[i] = null;
+            }
+        }
+    }
     // All testN() assume initial state is idle, and restore that state.
 
     private static void testFullGCAt(String at) throws Exception {
         System.out.println("testSimpleCycle");
+
+        Object[] objects = allocateHumongous();
         try {
             // Run one cycle.
             WB.concurrentGCRunTo(at);
+            dropHalf(objects);
             WB.fullGC();
         } finally {
             WB.concurrentGCRunToIdle();
+            Reference.reachabilityFence(objects);
         }
     }
 
     private static void testYoungGCAt(String at) throws Exception {
         System.out.println("testSimpleCycle");
+
+        Object[] objects = allocateHumongous();
         try {
             // Run one cycle.
             WB.concurrentGCRunTo(at);
+            dropHalf(objects);
             WB.youngGC();
         } finally {
             WB.concurrentGCRunToIdle();
+            Reference.reachabilityFence(objects);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/pinnedobjs/TestDroppedRetainedTAMS.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/pinnedobjs/TestDroppedRetainedTAMS.java
index f650e53a25f..c4dd2900c86 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/pinnedobjs/TestDroppedRetainedTAMS.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/pinnedobjs/TestDroppedRetainedTAMS.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -30,9 +30,10 @@
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run main/othervm -XX:+UseG1GC -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
-                     -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbootclasspath/a:. -Xmx32m -XX:G1NumCollectionsKeepPinned=1
-                     -XX:+VerifyBeforeGC -XX:+VerifyAfterGC -XX:G1MixedGCLiveThresholdPercent=100
-                     -XX:G1HeapWastePercent=0 -Xlog:gc,gc+ergo+cset=trace gc.g1.pinnedobjs.TestDroppedRetainedTAMS
+ *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbootclasspath/a:. -Xmx32m -XX:G1NumCollectionsKeepPinned=1
+ *                   -XX:+VerifyBeforeGC -XX:+VerifyAfterGC -XX:+VerifyDuringGC -XX:+G1VerifyBitmaps
+ *                   -XX:G1MixedGCLiveThresholdPercent=100 -XX:G1HeapWastePercent=0
+ *                   -Xlog:gc,gc+ergo+cset=trace gc.g1.pinnedobjs.TestDroppedRetainedTAMS
  */
 
 package gc.g1.pinnedobjs;

From f1cd7f6ab9c162736ea3fc8f1523294ec004776e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ferenc Rakoczi <ferenc.r.rakoczi@oracle.com>
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2026 10:21:22 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 055/707] 8355216: Accelerate P-256 arithmetic on aarch64

Reviewed-by: adinn, aph
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/assembler_aarch64.hpp |  28 +
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/register_aarch64.hpp  |  11 +
 .../cpu/aarch64/stubDeclarations_aarch64.hpp  |   2 +-
 .../cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp     | 988 +++++++++++++++++-
 .../cpu/aarch64/vm_version_aarch64.cpp        |   4 +
 src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp       |   2 +-
 6 files changed, 1032 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/assembler_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/assembler_aarch64.hpp
index 4eb2f6010c0..ae2b9ac9bf7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/assembler_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/assembler_aarch64.hpp
@@ -3151,6 +3151,34 @@ template<typename R, typename... Rx>
     _pmull(Vd, Ta, Vn, Vm, Tb);
   }
 
+  //Vector by element variant of UMULL
+  void _umullv(FloatRegister Vd, SIMD_Arrangement Ta, FloatRegister Vn,
+                SIMD_Arrangement Tb, FloatRegister Vm, SIMD_RegVariant Ts, int lane) {
+    starti;
+    int size = (Ta == T4S) ? 0b01 : 0b10;
+    int q = (Tb == T4H || Tb == T2S) ? 0 : 1;
+    int h = (size == 0b01) ? ((lane >> 2) & 1) : ((lane >> 1) & 1);
+    int l = (size == 0b01) ? ((lane >> 1) & 1) : (lane & 1);
+    assert(Ta == T4S || Ta == T2D, "umull{2}v destination register must have arrangement T4S or T2D");
+    assert(size == 0b10 ? lane < 4 : lane < 8, "umull{2}v assumes lane < 4 when using half-words and lane < 8 otherwise");
+    assert(Ts == H ? Vm->encoding() < 16 : Vm->encoding() < 32, "umull{2}v requires Vm to be in range V0..V15 when Ts is H");
+    f(0, 31), f(q, 30), f(0b101111, 29, 24), f(size, 23, 22), f(l, 21); //f(m, 20);
+    rf(Vm, 16), f(0b1010, 15, 12), f(h, 11), f(0, 10), rf(Vn, 5), rf(Vd, 0);
+  }
+
+  //Vector by element variant of UMULL
+  void umullv(FloatRegister Vd, SIMD_Arrangement Ta, FloatRegister Vn,
+               SIMD_Arrangement Tb, FloatRegister Vm, SIMD_RegVariant Ts, int lane) {
+    assert(Ta == T4S ? (Tb == T4H && Ts == H) : (Tb == T2S && Ts == S), "umullv register arrangements must adhere to spec");
+    _umullv(Vd, Ta, Vn, Tb, Vm, Ts, lane);
+  }
+
+  void umull2v(FloatRegister Vd, SIMD_Arrangement Ta, FloatRegister Vn,
+               SIMD_Arrangement Tb, FloatRegister Vm, SIMD_RegVariant Ts, int lane) {
+    assert(Ta == T4S ? (Tb == T8H && Ts == H) : (Tb == T4S && Ts == S), "umull2v register arrangements must adhere to spec");
+    _umullv(Vd, Ta, Vn, Tb, Vm, Ts, lane);
+  }
+
   void uqxtn(FloatRegister Vd, SIMD_Arrangement Tb, FloatRegister Vn, SIMD_Arrangement Ta) {
     starti;
     int size_b = (int)Tb >> 1;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/register_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/register_aarch64.hpp
index d1e0632c80b..ab83307d526 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/register_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/register_aarch64.hpp
@@ -535,6 +535,17 @@ VSeq<N/2> vs_odd(const VSeq<N>& v) {
   return VSeq<N/2>(v.base() + v.delta(), v.delta() * 2);
 }
 
+template<int N>
+FloatRegister vs_head(const VSeq<N>& v) {
+  static_assert(N > 1, "sequence length must be greater than 1");
+  return v.base();
+}
+
+template<int N>
+VSeq<N-1> vs_tail(const VSeq<N>& v) {
+  return VSeq<N-1>(v.base() + v.delta(), v.delta());
+}
+
 // convenience method to construct a vector register sequence that
 // indexes its elements in reverse order to the original
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubDeclarations_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubDeclarations_aarch64.hpp
index d1f59e479db..d1e0621f6a9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubDeclarations_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubDeclarations_aarch64.hpp
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
                                        do_arch_entry,                   \
                                        do_arch_entry_init,              \
                                        do_arch_entry_array)             \
-  do_arch_blob(compiler, 70000)                                         \
+  do_arch_blob(compiler, 75000)                                         \
   do_stub(compiler, vector_iota_indices)                                \
   do_arch_entry_array(aarch64, compiler, vector_iota_indices,           \
                       vector_iota_indices, vector_iota_indices,         \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
index f41a54e9d26..f89b6e2d579 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
@@ -152,6 +152,12 @@ static const uint64_t _double_keccak_round_consts[24] = {
   0x8000000000008080L, 0x0000000080000001L, 0x8000000080008008L
 };
 
+//Omit 3rd limb of modulus since it is 0
+static const int64_t _modulus_P256[5] = {
+  0x000fffffffffffffL, 0x00000fffffffffffL,
+  0x0000001000000000L, 0x0000ffffffff0000L
+};
+
 static const char _encodeBlock_toBase64[64] = {
   'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M',
   'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z',
@@ -5311,6 +5317,32 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     }
   }
 
+  template<int N>
+  void vs_shl(const VSeq<N>& v, Assembler::SIMD_Arrangement T,
+              const VSeq<N>& v1, int shift) {
+    // output must not be constant
+    assert(N == 1  || !v.is_constant(), "cannot output multiple values to a constant vector");
+    // output cannot overwrite pending inputs
+    assert(!vs_write_before_read(v, v1), "output overwrites input");
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+      __ shl(v[i], T, v1[i], shift);
+    }
+  }
+
+  template<int N>
+  void vs_ushr(const VSeq<N>& v, Assembler::SIMD_Arrangement T,
+               const VSeq<N>& v1, int shift) {
+    // output must not be constant
+    assert(N == 1  || !v.is_constant(), "cannot output multiple values to a constant vector");
+    // output cannot overwrite pending inputs
+    assert(!vs_write_before_read(v, v1), "output overwrites input");
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+      __ ushr(v[i], T, v1[i], shift);
+    }
+  }
+
   template<int N>
   void vs_sshr(const VSeq<N>& v, Assembler::SIMD_Arrangement T,
                const VSeq<N>& v1, int shift) {
@@ -5335,6 +5367,29 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     }
   }
 
+  template<int N>
+  void vs_andr(const VSeq<N>& v, const VSeq<N>& v1, const FloatRegister v2) {
+    // output must not be constant
+    assert(N == 1  || !v.is_constant(), "cannot output multiple values to a constant vector");
+    // output cannot overwrite pending inputs
+    assert(!vs_write_before_read(v, v1), "output overwrites input");
+    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+      __ andr(v[i], __ T16B, v1[i], v2);
+    }
+  }
+
+  template<int N>
+  void vs_eor(const VSeq<N>& v, const VSeq<N>& v1, const VSeq<N>& v2) {
+    // output must not be constant
+    assert(N == 1  || !v.is_constant(), "cannot output multiple values to a constant vector");
+    // output cannot overwrite pending inputs
+    assert(!vs_write_before_read(v, v1), "output overwrites input");
+    assert(!vs_write_before_read(v, v2), "output overwrites input");
+    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+      __ eor(v[i], __ T16B, v1[i], v2[i]);
+    }
+  }
+
   template<int N>
   void vs_orr(const VSeq<N>& v, const VSeq<N>& v1, const VSeq<N>& v2) {
     // output must not be constant
@@ -5388,7 +5443,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   template<int N>
   void vs_ldpq(const VSeq<N>& v, Register base) {
     for (int i = 0; i < N; i += 2) {
-      __ ldpq(v[i], v[i+1], Address(base, 32 * i));
+      __ ldpq(v[i], v[i+1], Address(base, 16 * i));
     }
   }
 
@@ -5436,6 +5491,18 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     }
   }
 
+  // store two vector register sequences of length N
+  // interleaved into N pairs of quadword memory locations
+  // starting at the address supplied in dest using
+  // post-increment addressing.
+  template<int N>
+  void vs_st1_interleaved(VSeq<N> A, VSeq<N> B, Register dest) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+      __ st1(A[i], __ T2D, __ post(dest, 16));
+      __ st1(B[i], __ T2D, __ post(dest, 16));
+    }
+  }
+
   // load N quadword values from memory de-interleaved into N vector
   // registers 3 elements at a time via the address supplied in base.
   template<int N>
@@ -7674,6 +7741,919 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     return start;
   }
 
+  static constexpr int montMulP256Shift1 = 12; // 64 - bits per limb
+  static constexpr int montMulP256Shift2 = 52; // bits per limb
+  // stack space needed for carry computation
+  static constexpr int cDataSize = 6 * BytesPerLong;
+  // stack space needed for data computed by the neon side
+  static constexpr int mulDataSize = 16 * BytesPerLong;
+
+
+  // Subroutine used by the 52 x 52 bit multiplication algorithm in
+  // generate_intpoly_montgomeryMult_P256().
+  // This function computes partial results of eight 52 x 52 bit multiplications,
+  // where the multiplicands are stored as 64-bit values, specifically
+  // (b_0, b_1, b_2, b_3) * (a_3, a_4). (The 4 calls to this function
+  // together provide the results of these limb-multiplications.)
+  // Calls to this function accept either the low 32 bits or high 20 bits
+  // of each b_i packed into bs in ascending order. a_3 and a_4 are packed
+  // into successive 64 bit elements of as. lane selects the low 32 or high
+  // 20 bits of each a_j value. So four calls with the appropriate parameters
+  // will produce the 64-bit low32 * low32, low32 * high20, high20 * low32,
+  // high20 * high20 values in the output register sequences vs. The
+  // 64-bit partial products are returned in vs in ascending order:
+  // vs[0] = (b_0*a_3, b_1*a_3) . . .  vs[3] = (b_2*a_4, b_3*a_4)
+
+  void neon_partial_mult_64(const VSeq<4>& vs, FloatRegister bs, FloatRegister as, int lane_lo) {
+    __ umullv(vs[0], __ T2D, bs, __ T2S, as, __ S, lane_lo);
+    __ umull2v(vs[1], __ T2D, bs, __ T4S, as, __ S, lane_lo);
+    __ umullv(vs[2], __ T2D, bs, __ T2S, as, __ S, lane_lo + 2);
+    __ umull2v(vs[3], __ T2D, bs, __ T4S, as, __ S, lane_lo + 2);
+  }
+
+    // Subroutine used by the generate_intpoly_montgomeryMult_P256() function
+    // to compute the result of a 52 x 52 bit multiplications where the
+    // multiplicands, a and b are available as 64-bit values.
+    // The result is going to two 64-bit registers lo (least significant 52 bits)
+    // and hi (most significant 52 bits).
+    void gpr_partial_mult_52(Register a, Register b, Register hi, Register lo,
+     Register mask) {
+      // compute 104-bit (40 + 64) full product
+      __ umulh(hi, a, b);
+      __ mul(lo, a, b);
+      // combine 40 + 12 bits into hi result
+      // on certain implementations of aarch64 (e.g. apple M1) replacing extr()
+      // with the following equivalent instruction sequence the performance
+      // improves slightly (despite it is two instructions longer and needs
+      // an additional register)
+      //      __ lsl(hi, hi, montMulP256Shift1);
+      //      __ lsr(tmp, lo, montMulP256Shift2);
+      //      __ orr(hi, hi, tmp);
+      __ extr(hi, hi, lo, montMulP256Shift2);
+      // mask off 52 bits of lo result
+      __ andr(lo, lo, mask);
+    }
+
+  // This assembly follows the Java code in MontgomeryIntegerPolynomial256.mult()
+  // quite closely. The main difference is that the computations done with the
+  // last two limbs of `a` are done using Neon registers. This allows us to take
+  // advantage of both the Neon registers and GPRs simultaneously.
+  // It is also worth noting that since Neon does not support 64 bit
+  // multiplication, we split each 64 bit value into lower and upper halves
+  // and use the "schoolbook" multiplication algorithm.
+  address generate_intpoly_montgomeryMult_P256() {
+    assert(UseIntPolyIntrinsics, "what are we doing here?");
+    StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_intpoly_montgomeryMult_P256_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
+    StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
+    start = __ pc();
+    __ enter();
+
+    // Registers that are used throughout entire routine
+    const Register a = c_rarg0;
+    const Register b = c_rarg1;
+    const Register result = c_rarg2;
+
+    RegSet regs = RegSet::range(r0, r28) - rscratch1 - rscratch2
+      - r16 - r17 - r18_tls - a - b - result;
+
+    auto common_regs = regs.begin();
+    Register limb_mask = *common_regs++,
+      c_ptr = *common_regs++,
+      mod_0 = *common_regs++,
+      mod_1 = *common_regs++,
+      mod_3 = *common_regs++,
+      mod_4 = *common_regs++,
+      b_0 = *common_regs++,
+      b_1 = *common_regs++,
+      b_2 = *common_regs++,
+      b_3 = *common_regs++,
+      b_4 = *common_regs++;
+
+    FloatRegSet floatRegs = FloatRegSet::range(v0, v31)
+      - FloatRegSet::range(v8, v15)   // Caller saved vectors
+      - FloatRegSet::range(v16, v31); // Manually-allocated vectors
+
+    auto common_vectors = floatRegs.begin();
+    FloatRegister limb_mask_vec = *common_vectors++,
+      b_lows = *common_vectors++,
+      b_highs = *common_vectors++,
+      a_vals = *common_vectors++;
+
+    // Push callee saved registers on to the stack
+    RegSet callee_saved = RegSet::range(r19, r28);
+    __ push(callee_saved, sp);
+
+    // Allocate space on the stack for carry values
+    __ sub(sp, sp, cDataSize);
+    __ mov(c_ptr, sp);
+
+    // Calculate (52-bit) limb masks for both gpr and vector registers
+    __ mov(limb_mask, -UCONST64(1) >> montMulP256Shift1);
+    __ dup(limb_mask_vec, __ T2D, limb_mask);
+
+    //Load input arrays and modulus
+    Register a_ptr = *common_regs++, mod_ptr = *common_regs++;
+     // skip 3 limbs so a_ptr addresses trailing pair {a3, a4}
+    __ add(a_ptr, a, 3 * BytesPerLong);
+    __ lea(mod_ptr, ExternalAddress((address)_modulus_P256));
+    __ ldr(b_0, Address(b));
+    __ ldr(b_1, Address(b, BytesPerLong));
+    __ ldr(b_2, Address(b, 2 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ ldr(b_3, Address(b, 3 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ ldr(b_4, Address(b, 4 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ ldr(mod_0, __ post(mod_ptr, BytesPerLong));
+    __ ldr(mod_1, __ post(mod_ptr, BytesPerLong));
+    __ ldr(mod_3, __ post(mod_ptr, BytesPerLong));
+    __ ldr(mod_4, mod_ptr);
+    __ ld1(a_vals, __ T2D, a_ptr);
+    // use an interleaved load to group low 32 bits and high 20 bits
+    // of 4 successive b values into two vector registers
+    // n.b. these are the same inputs as the ones in b_0 ... b4
+    __ ld2(b_lows, b_highs, __ T4S, b);
+    common_regs = common_regs.remaining()
+      + a_ptr + mod_ptr;
+        a_ptr = mod_ptr = noreg;
+
+    //Regs used throughout the main "loop", which is partially unrolled here
+    Register high = *common_regs++,
+      low = *common_regs++,
+      mul_ptr = *common_regs++,
+      mod_high = *common_regs++,
+      mod_low = *common_regs++,
+      a_i = *common_regs++,
+      c_i = *common_regs++,
+      tmp = *common_regs++,
+      n = *common_regs++;
+
+    // vector sequences used to compute and combine partial products of
+    // b_i * a_j for i = {0,1,2,3} j = {3,4}
+    VSeq<4> A(16);
+    VSeq<4> B(20);
+    VSeq<4> C(24);
+    VSeq<4> D(28);
+
+
+    // neon and gpr computations are interleaved to maximize parallelism
+
+    // allocate stack space for the neon results
+    __ sub(sp, sp, mulDataSize);
+    __ mov(mul_ptr, sp);
+
+    // cross-multiply low * low for limbs b0-b3 and a3-a4 in parallel
+    neon_partial_mult_64(A, b_lows, a_vals, 0);
+
+    // Limb 0
+    __ ldr(a_i, __ post(a, BytesPerLong));
+    gpr_partial_mult_52(a_i, b_0, high, low, limb_mask);
+    __ mov(n, low);
+   // __ andr(n, low, limb_mask);
+
+    // cross-multiply high * low for limbs b0-b3 and a3-a4 in parallel
+    neon_partial_mult_64(B, b_highs, a_vals, 0);
+
+    // Limb 0 modulus computation
+    // n.b. modulus computation requires multiplying successive
+    // limbs of the product by corresponding limbs of the p256
+    // prime adding the result to the limb and folding this
+    // partial result into a running 256-bit sum in c_i. Limbs
+    // of c_i are stored via c_ptr once carries are included.
+    // n.b. the mul + add is omitted for limb 2 since the
+    // corresponding prime bits are zero.
+    gpr_partial_mult_52(n, mod_0, mod_high, mod_low, limb_mask);
+    __ add(low, low, mod_low);
+    __ add(high, high, mod_high);
+    __ lsr(c_i, low, montMulP256Shift2);
+    __ add(c_i, c_i, high);
+
+    // cross-multiply low * high for limbs b0-b3 and a3-a4 in parallel
+    neon_partial_mult_64(C, b_lows, a_vals, 1);
+
+    // Limb 1
+    gpr_partial_mult_52(a_i, b_1, high, low, limb_mask);
+
+    // cross-multiply high * high for limbs b0-b3 and a3-a4 in parallel
+    neon_partial_mult_64(D, b_highs, a_vals, 1);
+
+    gpr_partial_mult_52(n, mod_1, mod_high, mod_low, limb_mask);
+    __ add(low, low, mod_low);
+    __ add(high, high, mod_high);
+    __ add(c_i, c_i, low);
+    __ str(c_i, c_ptr);
+    __ mov(c_i, high);
+
+    // combine neon 32-bit partial products, regrouping to produce
+    // 8*52-bit low products in A and 8*52-bit high products in D
+
+    // add low*high/high*low intermediate products before regrouping
+    vs_addv(B, __ T2D, B, C); // Store (B+C) in B
+
+    // Limb 2
+    gpr_partial_mult_52(a_i, b_2, high, low, limb_mask);
+    __ add(c_i, c_i, low);
+    __ str(c_i, Address(c_ptr, 8));
+    __ mov(c_i, high);
+
+    // shift high*high (40-bit) product up into 52-bits of output
+    vs_shl(D, __ T2D, D, montMulP256Shift1);
+
+    // Limb 3
+    gpr_partial_mult_52(a_i, b_3, high, low, limb_mask);
+
+    // shift high 32 (or 33) bits of intermediate products for addition to D
+    vs_ushr(C, __ T2D, B, 32 - montMulP256Shift1); // Use C for ((B+C) >>> 20)
+
+    gpr_partial_mult_52(n, mod_3, mod_high, mod_low, limb_mask);
+    __ add(low, low, mod_low);
+    __ add(high, high, mod_high);
+    __ add(c_i, c_i, low);
+    __ str(c_i, Address(c_ptr, 2 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ mov(c_i, high);
+
+    // shift low 32 bits of intermediate product up for masking and addition to A
+    vs_shl(B, __ T2D, B, 32);
+
+    // Limb 4
+    gpr_partial_mult_52(a_i, b_4, high, low, limb_mask);
+
+    // add high bits of intermediate product into D
+    vs_addv(D, __ T2D, D, C);
+
+    gpr_partial_mult_52(n, mod_4, mod_high, mod_low, limb_mask);
+    __ add(low, low, mod_low);
+    __ add(high, high, mod_high);
+    __ add(c_i, c_i, low);
+    __ str(c_i, Address(c_ptr, 3 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ str(high, Address(c_ptr, 4 * BytesPerLong));
+
+    // top 12 bits of 32*32 bit product in A need adding into high 52-bit output
+    vs_ushr(C, __ T2D, A, 52); // C now holds (A >>> 52)
+    // Only 20 of the 32 bits now in the top of B should be added into A
+    vs_andr(B, B, limb_mask_vec);
+    // reduce original 64-bit product to 52-bits
+    vs_andr(A, A, limb_mask_vec);
+    // add intermediate products to high 52-bit result in D
+    vs_addv(D, __ T2D, D, C);
+    // add 20/21 bits of intermediate product in top of B into low 52-bit result
+    vs_addv(A, __ T2D, A, B);
+    // save and then mask off any overflow bit from computing low 52-bit result
+    vs_ushr(B, __ T2D, A, montMulP256Shift2);
+    vs_andr(A, A, limb_mask_vec);
+    // add any remaining carry into the high 52-bit result
+    vs_addv(D, __ T2D, D, B);
+
+    // the write interleaves the 4 successive pairs of low and
+    // high results: (l0, l1), (h0, h1), ... (l6, l7), (h6, h7)
+    vs_st1_interleaved(A, D, mul_ptr);
+
+    // Free mul_ptr
+    common_regs = common_regs.remaining() + mul_ptr;
+    mul_ptr = noreg;
+
+    /////////////////////////
+    // Loop 2 & 3
+    /////////////////////////
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+      // Load a_i and increment by 8 bytes
+      __ ldr(a_i, __ post(a, BytesPerLong));
+      __ ldr(c_i, c_ptr); //Load prior c_i
+
+      // Limb 0
+      gpr_partial_mult_52(a_i, b_0, high, low, limb_mask);
+      __ add(low, low, c_i);
+      __ ldr(c_i, Address(c_ptr, BytesPerLong));
+      __ andr(n, low, limb_mask);
+      gpr_partial_mult_52(n, mod_0, mod_high, mod_low, limb_mask);
+      __ add(low, low, mod_low);
+      __ add(high, high, mod_high);
+      __ lsr(tmp, low, montMulP256Shift2);
+      __ add(c_i, c_i, tmp);
+      __ add(c_i, c_i, high);
+
+      // Limb 1
+      gpr_partial_mult_52(a_i, b_1, high, low, limb_mask);
+      gpr_partial_mult_52(n, mod_1, mod_high, mod_low, limb_mask);
+      __ ldr(tmp, Address(c_ptr, 2 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ add(low, low, mod_low);
+      __ add(high, high, mod_high);
+      __ add(c_i, c_i, low);
+      __ str(c_i, c_ptr);
+      __ add(c_i, tmp, high);
+
+      // Limb 2
+      gpr_partial_mult_52(a_i, b_2, high, low, limb_mask);
+      __ ldr(tmp, Address(c_ptr, 3 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ add(c_i, c_i, low);
+      __ str(c_i, Address(c_ptr, BytesPerLong));
+      __ add(c_i, tmp, high);
+
+      // Limb 3
+      gpr_partial_mult_52(a_i, b_3, high, low, limb_mask);
+      gpr_partial_mult_52(n, mod_3, mod_high, mod_low, limb_mask);
+      __ ldr(tmp, Address(c_ptr, 4 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ add(low, low, mod_low);
+      __ add(high, high, mod_high);
+      __ add(c_i, c_i, low);
+      __ str(c_i, Address(c_ptr, 2 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ add(c_i, tmp, high);
+
+      // Limb 4
+      gpr_partial_mult_52(a_i, b_4, high, low, limb_mask);
+      gpr_partial_mult_52(n, mod_4, mod_high, mod_low, limb_mask);
+      __ add(low, low, mod_low);
+      __ add(high, high, mod_high);
+      __ add(c_i, c_i, low);
+      __ str(c_i, Address(c_ptr, 3 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ str(high, Address(c_ptr, 4 * BytesPerLong));
+    }
+    // Reallocate regs b_0, b_1, b_2 and b_3
+        common_regs = common_regs.remaining()
+          + b_0 + b_1 + b_2 + b_3;
+            b_0 = b_1 = b_2 = b_3 = noreg;
+
+    Register low_1 = *common_regs++;
+    Register high_1 = *common_regs++;
+
+    //////////////////////////////
+    // a[3]
+    //////////////////////////////
+
+    // For a_3 and a_4 we have already computed the cross-products
+    // with b_0 ... b_3 and stored them on the stack relative to
+    // `mul_ptr` i.e. the current `sp`in the order
+    // l(a_3 * b_0), l(a_3 * b_1), h(a_3 * b_0), h(a_3 * b_1),
+    // l(a_3 * b_2), l(a_3 * b_3), h(a_3 * b_2), h(a_3 * b_3),
+    // l(a_4 * b_0), l(a_4 * b_1), h(a_4 * b_0), h(a_4 * b_1),
+    // l(a_4 * b_2), l(a_4 * b_3), h(a_4 * b_2), h(a_4 * b_3),
+    // where l(x) is the low 52 bits of x and h(x) is the high 52 bits
+
+    __ ldr(low_1, Address(sp));
+    __ ldr(high_1, Address(sp, 2 * BytesPerLong));
+
+    __ ldr(low, Address(sp, BytesPerLong));
+    __ ldr(high, Address(sp, 3 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ ldr(a_i, __ post(a, BytesPerLong));
+    __ ldr(c_i, c_ptr);
+
+    // Limb 0
+    __ add(low_1, low_1, c_i);
+    __ ldr(c_i, Address(c_ptr, BytesPerLong));
+    __ andr(n, low_1, limb_mask);
+    gpr_partial_mult_52(n, mod_0, mod_high, mod_low, limb_mask);
+    __ add(low_1, low_1, mod_low);
+    __ add(high_1, high_1, mod_high);
+    __ lsr(tmp, low_1, montMulP256Shift2);
+    __ add(c_i, c_i, tmp);
+    __ add(c_i, c_i, high_1);
+
+    // Limb 1
+    __ ldr(low_1, Address(sp, 4 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ ldr(high_1, Address(sp, 6 * BytesPerLong));
+    gpr_partial_mult_52(n, mod_1, mod_high, mod_low, limb_mask);
+    __ ldr(tmp, Address(c_ptr, 2 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ andr(mod_low, mod_low, limb_mask);
+    __ add(low, low, mod_low);
+    __ add(high, high, mod_high);
+    __ add(c_i, c_i, low);
+    __ str(c_i, c_ptr);
+    __ add(c_i, tmp, high);
+
+    // Limb 2
+    __ ldr(low, Address(sp, 5 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ ldr(high, Address(sp, 7 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ ldr(tmp, Address(c_ptr, 3 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ add(c_i, c_i, low_1);
+    __ str(c_i, Address(c_ptr, BytesPerLong));
+    __ add(c_i, tmp, high_1);
+
+    // Limb 3
+    gpr_partial_mult_52(n, mod_3, mod_high, mod_low, limb_mask);
+    __ ldr(tmp, Address(c_ptr, 4 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ add(low, low, mod_low);
+    __ add(high, high, mod_high);
+    __ add(c_i, c_i, low);
+    __ str(c_i, Address(c_ptr, 2 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ add(c_i, tmp, high);
+
+    // Limb 4
+    __ ldr(low, Address(sp, 8 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ ldr(high, Address(sp, 10 * BytesPerLong));
+    gpr_partial_mult_52(a_i, b_4, high_1, low_1, limb_mask);
+    gpr_partial_mult_52(n, mod_4, mod_high, mod_low, limb_mask);
+    __ add(low_1, low_1, mod_low);
+    __ add(high_1, high_1, mod_high);
+    __ add(c_i, c_i, low_1);
+    __ str(c_i, Address(c_ptr, 3 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ str(high_1, Address(c_ptr, 4 * BytesPerLong));
+
+    //////////////////////////////
+    // a[4]
+    //////////////////////////////
+
+    Register c5 = *common_regs++,
+      c6 = *common_regs++,
+      c7 = *common_regs++;
+
+    __ ldr(a_i, a);
+    __ ldr(c_i, c_ptr);
+
+    // Limb 0
+    __ ldr(low_1, Address(sp, 9 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ ldr(high_1, Address(sp, 11 * BytesPerLong));
+
+    __ add(low, low, c_i);
+    __ ldr(c_i, Address(c_ptr, BytesPerLong));
+    __ andr(n, low, limb_mask);
+    gpr_partial_mult_52(n, mod_0, mod_high, mod_low, limb_mask);
+    __ add(low, low, mod_low);
+    __ add(high, high, mod_high);
+    __ lsr(tmp, low, montMulP256Shift2);
+    __ add(c_i, c_i, tmp);
+    __ add(c_i, c_i, high);
+
+    __ ldr(low, Address(sp, 12 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ ldr(high, Address(sp, 14 * BytesPerLong));
+    gpr_partial_mult_52(n, mod_1, mod_high, mod_low, limb_mask);
+    __ add(low_1, low_1, mod_low);
+    __ add(high_1, high_1, mod_high);
+    __ add(c5, c_i, low_1);
+    __ ldr(c_i, Address(c_ptr, 2 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ lsr(tmp, c5, montMulP256Shift2);
+    __ add(c_i, c_i, tmp);
+    __ add(c_i, c_i, high_1);
+
+    // Limb 2
+    __ ldr(low_1, Address(sp, 13 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ ldr(high_1, Address(sp, 15 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ add(c6, c_i, low);
+    __ ldr(c_i, Address(c_ptr, 3 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ lsr(tmp, c6, montMulP256Shift2);
+    __ add(c_i, c_i, tmp);
+    __ add(c_i, c_i, high);
+
+    // Limb 3
+    gpr_partial_mult_52(n, mod_3, mod_high, mod_low, limb_mask);
+    __ add(low_1, low_1, mod_low);
+    __ add(high_1, high_1, mod_high);
+    __ add(c7, c_i, low_1);
+    __ ldr(c_i, Address(c_ptr, 4 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ lsr(tmp, c7, montMulP256Shift2);
+    __ add(c_i, c_i, tmp);
+    __ add(c_i, c_i, high_1);
+
+    // Limb 4
+    gpr_partial_mult_52(a_i, b_4, high, low, limb_mask);
+    gpr_partial_mult_52(n, mod_4, mod_high, mod_low, limb_mask);
+    __ add(low, low, mod_low);
+    __ add(high, high, mod_high);
+
+    // Reallocate b_4
+    common_regs = common_regs.remaining() + b_4;
+    b_4 = noreg;
+
+    Register c8 = *common_regs++,
+      c9 = *common_regs++;
+
+    __ add(c8, c_i, low);
+    __ lsr(c9, c8, montMulP256Shift2);
+    __ add(c9, c9, high);
+
+    __ andr(c5, c5, limb_mask);
+    __ andr(c6, c6, limb_mask);
+    __ andr(c7, c7, limb_mask);
+    __ andr(c8, c8, limb_mask);
+
+    /////////////////////////////
+    // Final carry propagate
+    /////////////////////////////
+
+    // c0 = c5 - modulus[0];
+    // c1 = c6 - modulus[1] + (c0 >> BITS_PER_LIMB);
+    // c0 &= LIMB_MASK;
+    // c2 = c7 + (c1 >> BITS_PER_LIMB);
+    // c1 &= LIMB_MASK;
+    // c3 = c8 - modulus[3] + (c2 >> BITS_PER_LIMB);
+    // c2 &= LIMB_MASK;
+    // c4 = c9 - modulus4] + (c3 >> BITS_PER_LIMB);
+    // c3 &= LIMB_MASK;
+
+    // Free up all unused regs
+    common_regs = common_regs.remaining()
+      + c_ptr + low + high + mod_high
+      + mod_low + a_i + c_i + n + low_1 + high_1;
+        c_ptr = low = high = mod_high
+      = mod_low = a_i = c_i = n = low_1 = high_1 = noreg;
+
+    Register c0 = *common_regs++,
+      c1 = *common_regs++,
+      c2 = *common_regs++,
+      c3 = *common_regs++,
+      c4 = *common_regs++;
+
+    __ sub(c0, c5, mod_0);
+    __ sub(c1, c6, mod_1);
+    __ sub(c3, c8, mod_3);
+    __ sub(c4, c9, mod_4);
+    __ add(c1, c1, c0, Assembler::ASR, montMulP256Shift2);
+    __ andr(c0, c0, limb_mask);
+    __ add(c2, c7, c1, Assembler::ASR, montMulP256Shift2);
+    __ andr(c1, c1, limb_mask);
+    __ add(c3, c3, c2, Assembler::ASR, montMulP256Shift2);
+    __ andr(c2, c2, limb_mask);
+    __ add(c4, c4, c3, Assembler::ASR, montMulP256Shift2);
+    __ andr(c3, c3, limb_mask);
+
+    // Final write back
+    // mask = c4 >> 63
+    // r[0] = ((c5 & mask) | (c0 & ~mask));
+    // r[1] = ((c6 & mask) | (c1 & ~mask));
+    // r[2] = ((c7 & mask) | (c2 & ~mask));
+    // r[3] = ((c8 & mask) | (c3 & ~mask));
+    // r[4] = ((c9 & mask) | (c4 & ~mask));
+
+    common_regs = common_regs.remaining()
+      + mod_0 + mod_1 + mod_3 + mod_4;
+        mod_0 = mod_1 = mod_3 = mod_4 = noreg;
+
+    Register mask = *common_regs++;
+    Register nmask = *common_regs++;
+
+    __ asr(mask, c4, 63);
+    __ mvn(nmask, mask);
+    __ andr(c5, c5, mask);
+    __ andr(tmp, c0, nmask);
+    __ orr(c5, c5, tmp);
+    __ andr(c6, c6, mask);
+    __ andr(tmp, c1, nmask);
+    __ orr(c6, c6, tmp);
+    __ andr(c7, c7, mask);
+    __ andr(tmp, c2, nmask);
+    __ orr(c7, c7, tmp);
+    __ andr(c8, c8, mask);
+    __ andr(tmp, c3, nmask);
+    __ orr(c8, c8, tmp);
+    __ andr(c9, c9, mask);
+    __ andr(tmp, c4, nmask);
+    __ orr(c9, c9, tmp);
+
+    __ str(c5, result);
+    __ str(c6, Address(result, BytesPerLong));
+    __ str(c7, Address(result, 2 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ str(c8, Address(result, 3 * BytesPerLong));
+    __ str(c9, Address(result, 4 * BytesPerLong));
+
+    // End intrinsic call
+    __ add(sp, sp, cDataSize + mulDataSize);
+    __ pop(callee_saved, sp);
+    __ leave();
+    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0
+    __ ret(lr);
+
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
+    return start;
+  }
+
+  address generate_intpoly_assign() {
+    // KNOWN Lengths:
+    //   MontgomeryIntPolynP256:  5 = 4 + 1
+    //   IntegerPolynomial1305:   5 = 4 + 1
+    //   IntegerPolynomial25519: 10 = 8 + 2
+    //   IntegerPolynomialP256:  10 = 8 + 2
+    //   Curve25519OrderField:   10 = 8 + 2
+    //   Curve25519OrderField:   10 = 8 + 2
+    //   P256OrderField:         10 = 8 + 2
+    //   IntegerPolynomialP384:  14 = 8 + 4 + 2
+    //   P384OrderField:         14 = 8 + 4 + 2
+    //   IntegerPolynomial448:   16 = 8 + 8
+    //   Curve448OrderField:     16 = 8 + 8
+    //   Curve448OrderField:     16 = 8 + 8
+    //   IntegerPolynomialP521:  19 = 8 + 8 + 2 + 1
+    //   P521OrderField:         19 = 8 + 8 + 2 + 1
+    // Special Cases 5, 10, 14, 16, 19
+    assert(UseIntPolyIntrinsics, "what are we doing here?");
+    StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_intpoly_assign_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
+    StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
+    start = __ pc();
+    __ enter();
+
+    // Inputs
+    const Register set = c_rarg0;
+    const Register aLimbs = c_rarg1;
+    const Register bLimbs = c_rarg2;
+    const Register length = c_rarg3;
+
+    Label L_Length5, L_Length10, L_Length14, L_Length16, L_Length19, L_Default, L_Done;
+
+    /*
+    int maskValue = -set;
+    for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+        long dummyLimbs = maskValue & (a[i] ^ b[i]);
+        a[i] = dummyLimbs ^ a[i];
+    }
+    */
+    Register mask_scalar = r4;
+    FloatRegister mask_vec = v0;
+
+    __ neg(mask_scalar, set);
+    __ dup(mask_vec, __ T2D, mask_scalar);
+
+    __ cmp(length, (u1)5);
+    __ br(Assembler::EQ, L_Length5);
+    __ cmp(length, (u1)10);
+    __ br(Assembler::EQ, L_Length10);
+    __ cmp(length, (u1)14);
+    __ br(Assembler::EQ, L_Length14);
+    __ cmp(length, (u1)16);
+    __ br(Assembler::EQ, L_Length16);
+    __ cmp(length, (u1)19);
+    __ br(Assembler::EQ, L_Length19);
+    __ b(L_Default);
+
+
+    // Length = 5
+    // Use 5 GPRs (neon not faster with this few limbs)
+    __ BIND(L_Length5);
+    {
+      Register a0 = r5;
+      Register a1 = r6;
+      Register a2 = r7;
+      Register a3 = r10;
+      Register a4 = r11;
+      Register b0 = r12;
+      Register b1 = r13;
+      Register b2 = r14;
+      Register b3 = r15;
+      Register b4 = r19;
+
+      __ push(r19, sp);
+
+      __ ldr(a0, aLimbs);
+      __ ldr(a1, Address(aLimbs, 1 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ ldr(a2, Address(aLimbs, 2 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ ldr(a3, Address(aLimbs, 3 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ ldr(a4, Address(aLimbs, 4 * BytesPerLong));
+
+      __ ldr(b0, bLimbs);
+      __ ldr(b1, Address(bLimbs, 1 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ ldr(b2, Address(bLimbs, 2 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ ldr(b3, Address(bLimbs, 3 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ ldr(b4, Address(bLimbs, 4 * BytesPerLong));
+
+      __ eor(b0, b0, a0);
+      __ eor(b1, b1, a1);
+      __ eor(b2, b2, a2);
+      __ eor(b3, b3, a3);
+      __ eor(b4, b4, a4);
+
+      __ andr(b0, b0, mask_scalar);
+      __ andr(b1, b1, mask_scalar);
+      __ andr(b2, b2, mask_scalar);
+      __ andr(b3, b3, mask_scalar);
+      __ andr(b4, b4, mask_scalar);
+
+      __ eor(a0, a0, b0);
+      __ eor(a1, a1, b1);
+      __ eor(a2, a2, b2);
+      __ eor(a3, a3, b3);
+      __ eor(a4, a4, b4);
+
+      __ str(a0, aLimbs);
+      __ str(a1, Address(aLimbs, 1 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ str(a2, Address(aLimbs, 2 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ str(a3, Address(aLimbs, 3 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ str(a4, Address(aLimbs, 4 * BytesPerLong));
+
+      __ pop(r19, sp);
+      __ b(L_Done);
+    }
+
+    // Length = 10
+    // Split into 4 neon regs and 2 GPRs
+    __ BIND(L_Length10);
+    {
+      Register a9 = r10;
+      Register a10 = r11;
+      Register b9 = r12;
+      Register b10 = r13;
+
+      VSeq<4> a_vec(16);
+      VSeq<4> b_vec(20);
+
+      __ ldr(a9, Address(aLimbs, 8 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ ldr(a10, Address(aLimbs, 9 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ ldr(b9, Address(bLimbs, 8 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ ldr(b10, Address(bLimbs, 9 * BytesPerLong));
+
+      vs_ldpq(a_vec, aLimbs);
+
+      __ eor(b9, b9, a9);
+      __ eor(b10, b10, a10);
+
+      vs_ldpq(b_vec, bLimbs);
+
+      __ andr(b9, b9, mask_scalar);
+      __ andr(b10, b10, mask_scalar);
+
+      vs_eor(b_vec, b_vec, a_vec);
+
+      __ eor(a9, a9, b9);
+      __ eor(a10, a10, b10);
+
+      vs_andr(b_vec, b_vec, mask_vec);
+
+      __ str(a9, Address(aLimbs, 8 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ str(a10, Address(aLimbs, 9 * BytesPerLong));
+
+      vs_eor(a_vec, a_vec, b_vec);
+      vs_stpq_post(a_vec, aLimbs);
+
+      __ b(L_Done);
+    }
+
+    // Length = 14
+    // Split into 5 neon regs and 4 GPRs
+    __ BIND(L_Length14);
+    {
+      Register a10 = r5;
+      Register a11 = r6;
+      Register a12 = r7;
+      Register a13 = r8;
+      Register b10 = r9;
+      Register b11 = r10;
+      Register b12 = r11;
+      Register b13 = r12;
+
+      VSeq<5> a_vec(16);
+      VSeq<5> b_vec(22);
+
+      int offsets[2] = { 0, 32 };
+
+      __ ldr(a10, Address(aLimbs, 10 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ ldr(a11, Address(aLimbs, 11 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ ldr(a12, Address(aLimbs, 12 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ ldr(a13, Address(aLimbs, 13 * BytesPerLong));
+
+      __ ldr(b10, Address(bLimbs, 10 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ ldr(b11, Address(bLimbs, 11 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ ldr(b12, Address(bLimbs, 12 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ ldr(b13, Address(bLimbs, 13 * BytesPerLong));
+
+      __ ld1(a_vec[0], __ T2D, aLimbs);
+      vs_ldpq_indexed(vs_tail(a_vec), aLimbs, 16, offsets);
+
+      __ eor(b10, b10, a10);
+      __ eor(b11, b11, a11);
+      __ eor(b12, b12, a12);
+      __ eor(b13, b13, a13);
+
+      __ ld1(b_vec[0], __ T2D, bLimbs);
+      vs_ldpq_indexed(vs_tail(b_vec), bLimbs, 16, offsets);
+
+      __ andr(b10, b10, mask_scalar);
+      __ andr(b11, b11, mask_scalar);
+      __ andr(b12, b12, mask_scalar);
+      __ andr(b13, b13, mask_scalar);
+
+      vs_eor(b_vec, b_vec, a_vec);
+
+      __ eor(a10, a10, b10);
+      __ eor(a11, a11, b11);
+      __ eor(a12, a12, b12);
+      __ eor(a13, a13, b13);
+
+      vs_andr(b_vec, b_vec, mask_vec);
+
+      __ str(a10, Address(aLimbs, 10 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ str(a11, Address(aLimbs, 11 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ str(a12, Address(aLimbs, 12 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ str(a13, Address(aLimbs, 13 * BytesPerLong));
+
+      vs_eor(a_vec, a_vec, b_vec);
+
+      __ st1(a_vec[0], __ T2D, aLimbs);
+      vs_stpq_indexed(vs_tail(a_vec), aLimbs, 16, offsets);
+
+      __ b(L_Done);
+    }
+
+    // Length = 16
+    // Use 8 neon regs
+    __ BIND(L_Length16);
+    {
+      VSeq<8> a_vec(16);
+      VSeq<8> b_vec(24);
+
+      vs_ldpq(a_vec, aLimbs);
+      vs_ldpq(b_vec, bLimbs);
+      vs_eor(b_vec, b_vec, a_vec);
+      vs_andr(b_vec, b_vec, mask_vec);
+      vs_eor(a_vec, a_vec, b_vec);
+      vs_stpq_post(a_vec, aLimbs);
+
+      __ b(L_Done);
+    }
+
+    // Length = 19
+    // Split into 8 neon regs and 3 GPRs
+    __ BIND(L_Length19);
+    {
+      Register a17 = r10;
+      Register a18 = r11;
+      Register a19 = r12;
+      Register b17 = r13;
+      Register b18 = r14;
+      Register b19 = r15;
+
+      VSeq<8> a_vec(16);
+      VSeq<8> b_vec(24);
+
+      __ ldr(a17, Address(aLimbs, 16 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ ldr(a18, Address(aLimbs, 17 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ ldr(a19, Address(aLimbs, 18 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ ldr(b17, Address(bLimbs, 16 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ ldr(b18, Address(bLimbs, 17 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ ldr(b19, Address(bLimbs, 18 * BytesPerLong));
+
+      vs_ldpq(a_vec, aLimbs);
+
+      __ eor(b17, b17, a17);
+      __ eor(b18, b18, a18);
+      __ eor(b19, b19, a19);
+
+      vs_ldpq(b_vec, bLimbs);
+
+      __ andr(b17, b17, mask_scalar);
+      __ andr(b18, b18, mask_scalar);
+      __ andr(b19, b19, mask_scalar);
+
+      vs_eor(b_vec, b_vec, a_vec);
+
+      __ eor(a17, a17, b17);
+      __ eor(a18, a18, b18);
+      __ eor(a19, a19, b19);
+
+      vs_andr(b_vec, b_vec, mask_vec);
+
+      __ str(a17, Address(aLimbs, 16 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ str(a18, Address(aLimbs, 17 * BytesPerLong));
+      __ str(a19, Address(aLimbs, 18 * BytesPerLong));
+
+      vs_eor(a_vec, a_vec, b_vec);
+      vs_stpq_post(a_vec, aLimbs);
+
+      __ b(L_Done);
+    }
+
+    __ BIND(L_Default);
+    {
+      Register ctr = r5;
+      Register a_val = r6;
+      Register b_val = r7;
+
+      __ mov(ctr, length); // length (the number of limbs) is never 0
+
+      Label default_loop;
+      __ BIND(default_loop);
+
+      __ ldr(a_val, aLimbs);
+      __ ldr(b_val, __ post(bLimbs, 8));
+      __ eor(b_val, b_val, a_val);
+      __ andr(b_val, b_val, mask_scalar);
+      __ eor(a_val, a_val, b_val);
+      __ str(a_val, __ post(aLimbs, 8));
+      __ sub(ctr, ctr, 1);
+      __ cmp(ctr, (u1)0);
+      __ br(Assembler::NE, default_loop);
+    }
+
+    __ BIND(L_Done);
+    __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
+    __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0
+    __ ret(lr);
+
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
+    return start;
+  }
+
   void bcax5(Register a0, Register a1, Register a2, Register a3, Register a4,
              Register tmp0, Register tmp1, Register tmp2) {
     __ bic(tmp0, a2, a1); // for a0
@@ -12734,6 +13714,11 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       StubRoutines::_chacha20Block = generate_chacha20Block_blockpar();
     }
 
+    if (UseIntPolyIntrinsics) {
+      StubRoutines::_intpoly_montgomeryMult_P256 = generate_intpoly_montgomeryMult_P256();
+      StubRoutines::_intpoly_assign = generate_intpoly_assign();
+    }
+
     if (UseKyberIntrinsics) {
       StubRoutines::_kyberNtt = generate_kyberNtt();
       StubRoutines::_kyberInverseNtt = generate_kyberInverseNtt();
@@ -12846,6 +13831,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     ADD(_sha512_round_consts);
     ADD(_sha3_round_consts);
     ADD(_double_keccak_round_consts);
+    ADD(_modulus_P256);
     ADD(_encodeBlock_toBase64);
     ADD(_encodeBlock_toBase64URL);
     ADD(_decodeBlock_fromBase64ForNoSIMD);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/vm_version_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/vm_version_aarch64.cpp
index d1cf8b6feed..e746447e013 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/vm_version_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/vm_version_aarch64.cpp
@@ -454,6 +454,10 @@ void VM_Version::initialize() {
     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseChaCha20Intrinsics, false);
   }
 
+  if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseIntPolyIntrinsics)) {
+     UseIntPolyIntrinsics = true;
+  }
+
   if (supports_feature(CPU_ASIMD)) {
       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseKyberIntrinsics)) {
           UseKyberIntrinsics = true;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp
index 777ada59a0b..448bab6fbc2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp
@@ -299,6 +299,7 @@ class AOTStubData : public StackObj {
   do_var(bool,  UseSHA256Intrinsics) \
   do_var(bool,  UseSHA3Intrinsics) \
   do_var(bool,  UseSHA512Intrinsics) \
+  do_var(bool,  UseIntPolyIntrinsics) \
   do_var(bool,  UseVectorizedMismatchIntrinsic) \
   do_fun(int,   CompressedKlassPointers_shift,          CompressedKlassPointers::shift()) \
   do_fun(bool,  JavaAssertions_systemClassDefault,      JavaAssertions::systemClassDefault()) \
@@ -342,7 +343,6 @@ class AOTStubData : public StackObj {
   do_var(int,   AVX3Threshold)                          /* array copy stubs and nmethods */ \
   do_var(bool,  EnableX86ECoreOpts)                     /* nmethods */ \
   do_var(bool,  UseLibmIntrinsic) \
-  do_var(bool,  UseIntPolyIntrinsics) \
   // END
 #else
 #define AOTCODECACHE_CONFIGS_X86_DO(do_var, do_fun)

From 24a724f0fe5ca96e4f078244191e88fcea68e86c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2026 10:28:22 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 056/707] 8382338: Various serviceability agent tests fail on
 Linux x86_64 with LTO enabled

Reviewed-by: lucy, erikj
---
 make/hotspot/lib/JvmFeatures.gmk    | 4 ++++
 src/hotspot/share/oops/metadata.hpp | 7 ++++++-
 2 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/make/hotspot/lib/JvmFeatures.gmk b/make/hotspot/lib/JvmFeatures.gmk
index 9477b0925d2..7dc5fd676a1 100644
--- a/make/hotspot/lib/JvmFeatures.gmk
+++ b/make/hotspot/lib/JvmFeatures.gmk
@@ -173,6 +173,10 @@ ifeq ($(call check-jvm-feature, link-time-opt), true)
   ifneq ($(call isCompiler, microsoft), true)
     JVM_LDFLAGS_FEATURES += $(CXX_O_FLAG_HIGHEST_JVM)
   endif
+  # avoid elimination of Metadata vtable when using LTO (important for serviceability agent)
+  ifeq ($(call isCompiler, gcc), true)
+    JVM_LDFLAGS_FEATURES += -Wl,--undefined=_ZTV8Metadata
+  endif
 else
   JVM_LTO := false
   ifeq ($(call isCompiler, gcc), true)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/metadata.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/metadata.hpp
index d88bd9d087d..bd3f17fa3f4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/metadata.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/metadata.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -35,6 +35,11 @@ class Metadata : public MetaspaceObj {
   NOT_PRODUCT(int _valid;)
  public:
   NOT_PRODUCT(Metadata() : _valid(0) {})
+
+  // We have to keep the vtable alive under LTGC dead-section removal/LTO
+  // for serviceability tests to work.
+  // This can be done by linker settings or modifications to the Metadata class.
+
   NOT_PRODUCT(bool is_valid() const { return _valid == 0; })
 
   int identity_hash()                { return (int)(uintptr_t)this; }

From 0da5c1ddab7952b08de588d71341bc3065d02c54 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2026 10:39:44 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 057/707] 8387074: Remove duplicate handling of sparc in
 platform.m4

Reviewed-by: erikj, djelinski
---
 make/autoconf/platform.m4 | 12 ------------
 1 file changed, 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/make/autoconf/platform.m4 b/make/autoconf/platform.m4
index 90d5d795626..28aea489f7e 100644
--- a/make/autoconf/platform.m4
+++ b/make/autoconf/platform.m4
@@ -174,18 +174,6 @@ AC_DEFUN([PLATFORM_EXTRACT_VARS_FROM_CPU],
       VAR_CPU_BITS=64
       VAR_CPU_ENDIAN=big
       ;;
-    sparc)
-      VAR_CPU=sparc
-      VAR_CPU_ARCH=sparc
-      VAR_CPU_BITS=32
-      VAR_CPU_ENDIAN=big
-      ;;
-    sparcv9|sparc64)
-      VAR_CPU=sparcv9
-      VAR_CPU_ARCH=sparc
-      VAR_CPU_BITS=64
-      VAR_CPU_ENDIAN=big
-      ;;
     *)
       AC_MSG_ERROR([unsupported cpu $1])
       ;;

From 0c709fdcf2f43719b82f6daffdfba092cce08a73 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Johan=20Sj=C3=B6len?= <jsjolen@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2026 13:19:39 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 058/707] 8378049:
 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/NMT/NMTPrintMallocSiteOfCorruptedMemory.java
 failing on Windows

Reviewed-by: dsimms, syan, cnorrbin
---
 .../NMT/NMTPrintMallocSiteOfCorruptedMemory.java       | 10 ++++++++--
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/NMT/NMTPrintMallocSiteOfCorruptedMemory.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/NMT/NMTPrintMallocSiteOfCorruptedMemory.java
index f1d4964d6cf..f9c0d8a1dc3 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/NMT/NMTPrintMallocSiteOfCorruptedMemory.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/NMT/NMTPrintMallocSiteOfCorruptedMemory.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
  */
 
 import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+import jdk.test.lib.Platform;
 import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
 import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
 import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
@@ -70,7 +71,12 @@ private static void runThisTestWith(String arg) throws Exception {
             case HEADER_AND_SITE_ARG, FOOTER_AND_SITE_ARG -> output.shouldContain("allocation-site cannot be shown since the marker is also corrupted.");
             case HEADER_ARG, FOOTER_ARG -> {
                 output.shouldContain("allocated from:");
-                output.shouldMatch("\\[.*\\]WB_NMTMalloc\\+0x.*");
+                // We will only have this if NMT can determine the name of the symbols in the stack trace.
+                // This will most likely be true if the platform is Linux and it's a debug build,
+                // so we only check it for that platform and build.
+                if (Platform.isLinux() && Platform.isDebugBuild()) {
+                    output.shouldMatch("\\[.*\\]WB_NMTMalloc\\+0x.*");
+                }
             }
         }
     }

From becdbb1496a1e49f4a23ca9e095d14797180ef2d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Phil Race <prr@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2026 15:44:37 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 059/707] 8386671: Raster factory methods fail to throw
 specified exceptions for invalid bandOffsets and bankIndices

Reviewed-by: azvegint, kizune, jdv
---
 .../share/classes/java/awt/image/Raster.java  | 30 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../Raster/CreateRasterExceptionTest.java     | 22 ++++++++++++--
 2 files changed, 49 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/Raster.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/Raster.java
index 8f35d5819ab..6ae4214b702 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/Raster.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/Raster.java
@@ -308,6 +308,13 @@ public static WritableRaster createInterleavedRaster(int dataType,
         if (bandOffsets == null) {
             throw new NullPointerException("bandOffsets is null");
         }
+        for (int i = 0; i < bandOffsets.length; i++) {
+            int off = bandOffsets[i];
+            if ((off > pixelStride) || (off > scanlineStride)) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Band offset " + off + " is too large for stride");
+            }
+        }
+
         lsz = (long)w * pixelStride;
         if (lsz > scanlineStride) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("w * pixelStride is too large");
@@ -803,6 +810,21 @@ public static WritableRaster createInterleavedRaster(DataBuffer dataBuffer,
         if (dataBuffer == null) {
             throw new NullPointerException("DataBuffer cannot be null");
         }
+        if (pixelStride < 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("pixelStride is < 0");
+        }
+        if (scanlineStride < 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("scanlineStride is < 0");
+        }
+        if (bandOffsets == null) {
+            throw new NullPointerException("bandOffsets is null");
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < bandOffsets.length; i++) {
+            int off = bandOffsets[i];
+            if ((off > pixelStride) || (off > scanlineStride)) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Band offset " + off + " is too large for stride");
+            }
+        }
 
         if (location == null) {
             location = new Point(0, 0);
@@ -914,6 +936,14 @@ public static WritableRaster createBandedRaster(DataBuffer dataBuffer,
                                    "bankIndices.length != bandOffsets.length");
         }
 
+        int numBanks = dataBuffer.getNumBanks();
+        for (int i = 0; i < bands; i++) {
+            if (bankIndices[i] >= numBanks) {
+                throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException("Bank[" + i + "] == " + bankIndices[i] +
+                         " and there are only " + numBanks + " banks.");
+            }
+        }
+
         if (location == null) {
            location = new Point(0,0);
         } else {
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/awt/image/Raster/CreateRasterExceptionTest.java b/test/jdk/java/awt/image/Raster/CreateRasterExceptionTest.java
index 13a88e8c590..aa9d8ff4156 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/awt/image/Raster/CreateRasterExceptionTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/awt/image/Raster/CreateRasterExceptionTest.java
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 8255800 8369129 8376297
+ * @bug 8255800 8369129 8376297 8386671
  * @summary verify Raster + SampleModel creation vs spec.
  */
 
@@ -931,9 +931,10 @@ static void bandedRasterTests3() {
             /* @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if any element of {@code bankIndices}
              *         is greater or equal to the number of bands in {@code dataBuffer}
              */
+            DataBuffer dBuffer2Bands = new DataBufferByte(15, 2);
             int[] indices = new int[] { 0, 1, 2 };
             int[] offsets = new int[] { 0, 0, 0 };
-            Raster.createBandedRaster(dBuffer, 1, 1, 1,
+            Raster.createBandedRaster(dBuffer2Bands, 1, 1, 1,
                                       indices, offsets, null);
             noException();
         } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException t) {
@@ -1198,6 +1199,21 @@ static void interleavedRasterTests2() {
                    "Got expected exception for bad databuffer type");
             System.out.println(t);
         }
+
+        try {
+             /* @throws IllegalArgumentException if any element of {@code bandOffsets} is greater
+             *  than {@code pixelStride} or the {@code scanlineStride}
+             */
+            int[] offsets = new int[] {2};
+            Raster.createInterleavedRaster(DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE,
+                                  1, 1, 1, 1, offsets, null);
+            noException();
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException t) {
+            System.out.println(
+                   "Got expected exception for element too large");
+            System.out.println(t);
+        }
+
     }
 
      /* createInterleavedRaster(DataBuffer dBuffer,
@@ -1344,7 +1360,7 @@ static void interleavedRasterTests3() {
              /* @throws IllegalArgumentException if any element of {@code bandOffsets} is greater
              *  than {@code pixelStride} or the {@code scanlineStride}
              */
-            int[] offsets = new int[] { 0, 1, 2};
+            int[] offsets = new int[] {2};
             Raster.createInterleavedRaster(dBuffer,
                                   1, 1, 1, 1, offsets, null);
             noException();

From 5cb61efa3caee62502fbb913a756fd16ddecfacc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Phil Race <prr@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2026 15:59:01 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 060/707] 8041911: media sizes with width > height are not
 supported by the java printing api

Reviewed-by: jdv, azvegint
---
 .../standard/MediaPrintableArea.java          |  4 +-
 .../print/attribute/standard/MediaSize.java   | 22 +++-------
 .../standard/OrientationRequested.java        | 13 +++---
 .../sun/print/CustomMediaSizeName.java        |  9 +---
 .../javax/print/attribute/MediaSizeTest.java  | 41 +++++++++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 55 insertions(+), 34 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/javax/print/attribute/MediaSizeTest.java

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/print/attribute/standard/MediaPrintableArea.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/print/attribute/standard/MediaPrintableArea.java
index a9cc2bba195..d03194a19c5 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/print/attribute/standard/MediaPrintableArea.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/print/attribute/standard/MediaPrintableArea.java
@@ -66,9 +66,7 @@
  * <p>
  * The rectangular printable area is defined thus: The (x,y) origin is
  * positioned at the top-left of the paper in portrait mode regardless of the
- * orientation specified in the requesting context. For example a printable area
- * for A4 paper in portrait or landscape orientation will have height
- * {@literal >} width.
+ * orientation specified in the requesting context.
  * <p>
  * A printable area attribute's values are stored internally as integers in
  * units of micrometers (&#181;m), where 1 micrometer = 10<SUP>-6</SUP> meter =
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/print/attribute/standard/MediaSize.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/print/attribute/standard/MediaSize.java
index 57c0d305809..b5ea11cf4c6 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/print/attribute/standard/MediaSize.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/print/attribute/standard/MediaSize.java
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
  * Class {@code MediaSize} is a two-dimensional size valued printing attribute
  * class that indicates the dimensions of the medium in a portrait orientation,
  * with the {@code X} dimension running along the bottom edge and the {@code Y}
- * dimension running along the left edge. Thus, the {@code Y} dimension must be
+ * dimension running along the left edge. For most media, the {@code Y} dimension will be
  * greater than or equal to the {@code X} dimension. Class {@code MediaSize}
  * declares many standard media size values, organized into nested classes for
  * ISO, JIS, North American, engineering, and other media.
@@ -77,13 +77,10 @@ public class MediaSize extends Size2DSyntax implements Attribute {
      * @param  units unit conversion factor, e.g. {@code Size2DSyntax.INCH} or
      *         {@code Size2DSyntax.MM}
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code x < 0} or {@code y < 0} or
-     *         {@code units < 1} or {@code x > y}
+     *         {@code units < 1}
      */
     public MediaSize(float x, float y,int units) {
         super (x, y, units);
-        if (x > y) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("X dimension > Y dimension");
-        }
         sizeVector.add(this);
     }
 
@@ -95,13 +92,10 @@ public MediaSize(float x, float y,int units) {
      * @param  units unit conversion factor, e.g. {@code Size2DSyntax.INCH} or
      *         {@code Size2DSyntax.MM}
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code x < 0} or {@code y < 0} or
-     *         {@code units < 1} or {@code x > y}
+     *         {@code units < 1}
      */
     public MediaSize(int x, int y,int units) {
         super (x, y, units);
-        if (x > y) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("X dimension > Y dimension");
-        }
         sizeVector.add(this);
     }
 
@@ -115,13 +109,10 @@ public MediaSize(int x, int y,int units) {
      *         {@code Size2DSyntax.MM}
      * @param  media a media name to associate with this {@code MediaSize}
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code x < 0} or {@code y < 0} or
-     *         {@code units < 1} or {@code x > y}
+     *         {@code units < 1}
      */
     public MediaSize(float x, float y,int units, MediaSizeName media) {
         super (x, y, units);
-        if (x > y) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("X dimension > Y dimension");
-        }
         if (media != null && mediaMap.get(media) == null) {
             mediaName = media;
             mediaMap.put(mediaName, this);
@@ -138,13 +129,10 @@ public MediaSize(float x, float y,int units, MediaSizeName media) {
      *         {@code Size2DSyntax.MM}
      * @param  media a media name to associate with this {@code MediaSize}
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code x < 0} or {@code y < 0} or
-     *         {@code units < 1} or {@code x > y}
+     *         {@code units < 1}
      */
     public MediaSize(int x, int y,int units, MediaSizeName media) {
         super (x, y, units);
-        if (x > y) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("X dimension > Y dimension");
-        }
         if (media != null && mediaMap.get(media) == null) {
             mediaName = media;
             mediaMap.put(mediaName, this);
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/print/attribute/standard/OrientationRequested.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/print/attribute/standard/OrientationRequested.java
index 00e3de4a1de..26885fc1a7d 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/print/attribute/standard/OrientationRequested.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/print/attribute/standard/OrientationRequested.java
@@ -73,16 +73,17 @@ public final class OrientationRequested extends EnumSyntax
     private static final long serialVersionUID = -4447437289862822276L;
 
     /**
-     * The content will be imaged across the short edge of the medium.
+     * The content will be imaged across the default orientation of the medium.
+     * For almost all media this means across the short edge.
      */
     public static final OrientationRequested
         PORTRAIT = new OrientationRequested(3);
 
     /**
-     * The content will be imaged across the long edge of the medium. Landscape
-     * is defined to be a rotation of the print-stream page to be imaged by +90
+     * Landscape is defined to be a rotation of the print-stream page to be imaged by +90
      * degrees with respect to the medium (i.e. anti-clockwise) from the
-     * portrait orientation. <i>Note:</i> The +90 direction was chosen because
+     * portrait orientation. For almost all media this means across the long edge.
+     * <i>Note:</i> The +90 direction was chosen because
      * simple finishing on the long edge is the same edge whether portrait or
      * landscape.
      */
@@ -90,7 +91,7 @@ public final class OrientationRequested extends EnumSyntax
         LANDSCAPE = new OrientationRequested(4);
 
     /**
-     * The content will be imaged across the long edge of the medium, but in the
+     * The content will be imaged similarly, but in the
      * opposite manner from landscape. Reverse-landscape is defined to be a
      * rotation of the print-stream page to be imaged by -90 degrees with
      * respect to the medium (i.e. clockwise) from the portrait orientation.
@@ -102,7 +103,7 @@ public final class OrientationRequested extends EnumSyntax
         REVERSE_LANDSCAPE = new OrientationRequested(5);
 
     /**
-     * The content will be imaged across the short edge of the medium, but in
+     * The content will be imaged similarly to, but in
      * the opposite manner from portrait. Reverse-portrait is defined to be a
      * rotation of the print-stream page to be imaged by 180 degrees with
      * respect to the medium from the portrait orientation. <i>Note:</i> The
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/print/CustomMediaSizeName.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/print/CustomMediaSizeName.java
index 04772f29858..d5173c181c4 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/print/CustomMediaSizeName.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/print/CustomMediaSizeName.java
@@ -206,14 +206,7 @@ public static CustomMediaSizeName create(String name, String choice,
             if (value.getStandardMedia() == null) {
                 // add this new custom media size name to MediaSize array
                 if ((width > 0.0) && (length > 0.0)) {
-                    try {
-                        new MediaSize(width, length, Size2DSyntax.INCH, value);
-                    } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
-                        /* PDF printer in Linux for Ledger paper causes
-                        "IllegalArgumentException: X dimension > Y dimension".
-                        We rotate based on IPP spec. */
-                        new MediaSize(length, width, Size2DSyntax.INCH, value);
-                    }
+                    new MediaSize(width, length, Size2DSyntax.INCH, value);
                 }
             }
         }
diff --git a/test/jdk/javax/print/attribute/MediaSizeTest.java b/test/jdk/javax/print/attribute/MediaSizeTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..91d8ed19178
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/javax/print/attribute/MediaSizeTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8041911
+ * @summary Test that MediaSize with non-standard portrait dimensions is OK
+*/
+
+import javax.print.attribute.standard.MediaSize;
+import static javax.print.attribute.standard.MediaSize.INCH;
+
+public class MediaSizeTest {
+
+   public static void main(String args[]) {
+       new MediaSize(0, 0, INCH);
+       new MediaSize(1, 1, INCH);
+       new MediaSize(2, 1, INCH);
+       new MediaSize(1, 2, INCH);
+   }
+}

From ae7cced578f20fd973a77122a2b35af88e221136 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nizar Benalla <nbenalla@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2026 16:13:39 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 061/707] 8387025: Typo in java man page option
 --illegal-final-field-mutation=warn "performaed"

Reviewed-by: alanb, aivanov, prr
---
 src/java.base/share/man/java.md                            | 2 +-
 test/jdk/java/awt/event/helpers/lwcomponents/LWButton.java | 4 ++--
 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/man/java.md b/src/java.base/share/man/java.md
index ef99084018d..30f018314e5 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/man/java.md
+++ b/src/java.base/share/man/java.md
@@ -483,7 +483,7 @@ the JVM.
         without any warnings.
 
     -   `warn`: This mode is identical to `allow` except that a warning message is
-        issued for the first illegal final field mutation performaed in a module.
+        issued for the first illegal final field mutation performed in a module.
         This mode is the default for the current JDK but will change in a future
         release.
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/awt/event/helpers/lwcomponents/LWButton.java b/test/jdk/java/awt/event/helpers/lwcomponents/LWButton.java
index 8d132825de0..b4505bbda97 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/awt/event/helpers/lwcomponents/LWButton.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/awt/event/helpers/lwcomponents/LWButton.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public class LWButton extends LWComponent {
   private transient ActionListener actionListener;
 
   /*
-   * The action to be performaed once a button has been
+   * The action to be performed once a button has been
    * pressed.
    * actionCommand can be null.
    * @serial

From 3e17dc9eb1ac0f8b3d04311a614a34c21f4d2b77 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Coleen Phillimore <coleenp@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2026 16:55:55 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 062/707] 8386922: Convert TraceRelocator to Unified Logging

Reviewed-by: matsaave, jsjolen
---
 src/hotspot/share/logging/logTag.hpp          |  1 +
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp         |  4 -
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/relocator.cpp       | 53 ++++++------
 .../jtreg/runtime/logging/RelocatorTest.java  | 84 +++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 111 insertions(+), 31 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/logging/RelocatorTest.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/logging/logTag.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/logging/logTag.hpp
index 15f45d04af3..0e31a371137 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/logging/logTag.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/logging/logTag.hpp
@@ -175,6 +175,7 @@ class outputStream;
   LOG_TAG(refine) \
   LOG_TAG(region) \
   LOG_TAG(reloc) \
+  LOG_TAG(relocator) \
   LOG_TAG(remset) \
   LOG_TAG(resolve) \
   LOG_TAG(safepoint) \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
index ec34305f837..dd89a3847c7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
@@ -253,10 +253,6 @@ const int ObjectAlignmentInBytes = 8;
   develop(bool, TracePcPatching, false,                                     \
           "Trace usage of frame::patch_pc")                                 \
                                                                             \
-  develop(bool, TraceRelocator, false,                                      \
-          "Trace the bytecode relocator")                                   \
-                                                                            \
-                                                                            \
   product(bool, SafepointALot, false, DIAGNOSTIC,                           \
           "Generate a lot of safepoints. This works with "                  \
           "GuaranteedSafepointInterval")                                    \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/relocator.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/relocator.cpp
index ecccea2fbe7..0da545c7ef9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/relocator.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/relocator.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
 
 #include "classfile/stackMapTableFormat.hpp"
 #include "interpreter/bytecodes.hpp"
+#include "logging/logStream.hpp"
+#include "logging/logTag.hpp"
 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.inline.hpp"
@@ -50,13 +52,13 @@ class ChangeItem : public ResourceObj {
    virtual bool is_switch_pad() { return false; }
 
    // accessors
-   int bci()    { return _bci; }
+   int bci() const { return _bci; }
    void relocate(int break_bci, int delta) { if (_bci > break_bci) { _bci += delta; } }
 
    virtual bool adjust(int bci, int delta) { return false; }
 
    // debug
-   virtual void print() = 0;
+   virtual void print_on(outputStream* st) const = 0;
 };
 
 class ChangeWiden : public ChangeItem {
@@ -71,7 +73,7 @@ class ChangeWiden : public ChangeItem {
   // Callback to do instruction
   bool handle_code_change(Relocator *r) { return r->handle_widen(bci(), _new_ilen, _inst_buffer); };
 
-  void print()                 { tty->print_cr("ChangeWiden. bci: %d   New_ilen: %d", bci(), _new_ilen); }
+  void print_on(outputStream* st) const { st->print_cr("ChangeWiden. bci: %d   New_ilen: %d", bci(), _new_ilen); }
 };
 
 class ChangeJumpWiden : public ChangeItem {
@@ -94,7 +96,7 @@ class ChangeJumpWiden : public ChangeItem {
     return false;
   }
 
-  void print()                 { tty->print_cr("ChangeJumpWiden. bci: %d   Delta: %d", bci(), _delta); }
+  void print_on(outputStream* st) const { st->print_cr("ChangeJumpWiden. bci: %d   Delta: %d", bci(), _delta); }
 };
 
 class ChangeSwitchPad : public ChangeItem {
@@ -113,7 +115,9 @@ class ChangeSwitchPad : public ChangeItem {
    int  padding()              { return _padding;  }
    bool is_lookup_switch()     { return _is_lookup_switch; }
 
-   void print()                { tty->print_cr("ChangeSwitchPad. bci: %d   Padding: %d  IsLookupSwitch: %d", bci(), _padding, _is_lookup_switch); }
+   void print_on(outputStream* st) const {
+     st->print_cr("ChangeSwitchPad. bci: %d   Padding: %d  IsLookupSwitch: %d", bci(), _padding, _is_lookup_switch);
+   }
 };
 
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -140,11 +144,10 @@ methodHandle Relocator::insert_space_at(int bci, int size, u_char inst_buffer[],
   _changes = new GrowableArray<ChangeItem*> (10);
   _changes->push(new ChangeWiden(bci, size, inst_buffer));
 
-  if (TraceRelocator) {
-    tty->print_cr("Space at: %d Size: %d", bci, size);
-    _method->print();
-    _method->print_codes();
-    tty->print_cr("-------------------------------------------------");
+  if (const LogTarget(Debug, relocator) out; out.is_enabled()) {
+    LogStream ls(out);
+    ls.print_cr("Space at: %d Size: %d", bci, size);
+    _method->print_value_on(&ls);
   }
 
   if (!handle_code_changes()) return methodHandle();
@@ -160,13 +163,7 @@ methodHandle Relocator::insert_space_at(int bci, int size, u_char inst_buffer[],
   ClassLoaderData* loader_data = method()->method_holder()->class_loader_data();
   loader_data->add_to_deallocate_list(method()());
 
-    set_method(new_method);
-
-  if (TraceRelocator) {
-    tty->print_cr("-------------------------------------------------");
-    tty->print_cr("new method");
-    _method->print_codes();
-  }
+  set_method(new_method);
 
   return new_method;
 }
@@ -179,8 +176,9 @@ bool Relocator::handle_code_changes() {
     // Inv: everything is aligned.
     ChangeItem* ci = _changes->first();
 
-    if (TraceRelocator) {
-      ci->print();
+    if (const LogTarget(Trace, relocator) out; out.is_enabled()) {
+      LogStream ls(out);
+      ci->print_on(&ls);
     }
 
     // Execute operation
@@ -407,13 +405,13 @@ void Relocator::adjust_exception_table(int bci, int delta) {
   }
 }
 
-static void print_linenumber_table(unsigned char* table) {
+static void print_linenumber_table(outputStream* ls, unsigned char* table) {
   CompressedLineNumberReadStream stream(table);
-  tty->print_cr("-------------------------------------------------");
+  ls->print_cr("-------------------------------------------------");
   while (stream.read_pair()) {
-    tty->print_cr("   - line %d: %d", stream.line(), stream.bci());
+    ls->print_cr("   - line %d: %d", stream.line(), stream.bci());
   }
-  tty->print_cr("-------------------------------------------------");
+  ls->print_cr("-------------------------------------------------");
 }
 
 // The width of instruction at "bci" is changing by "delta".  Adjust the line number table.
@@ -433,9 +431,10 @@ void Relocator::adjust_line_no_table(int bci, int delta) {
     writer.write_terminator();
     set_compressed_line_number_table(writer.buffer());
     set_compressed_line_number_table_size(writer.position());
-    if (TraceRelocator) {
-      tty->print_cr("Adjusted line number table");
-      print_linenumber_table(compressed_line_number_table());
+    if (LogMessage(relocator) out; out.is_trace()) {
+      NonInterleavingLogStream ls(LogLevelType::Trace, out);
+      ls.print_cr("Adjusted line number table");
+      print_linenumber_table(&ls, compressed_line_number_table());
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/logging/RelocatorTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/logging/RelocatorTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..edbe71f2638
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/logging/RelocatorTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8197901 8209758
+ * @summary Log relocation in class redefinition.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.compiler
+ *          java.instrument
+ * @requires vm.jvmti
+ * @run main RedefineClassHelper
+ * @run driver RelocatorTest
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+
+// package access top-level class to avoid problem with RedefineClassHelper
+// and nested types.
+class RelocatorTest_B {
+    public static void test() {
+        System.out.println("Old class");
+    }
+}
+
+public class RelocatorTest {
+    public static class InternalClass {
+        public static String newB =
+            "class RelocatorTest_B {" +
+            "    public static void test() { " +
+            "       System.out.println(\"New class\");" +
+            "       System.out.println(\"Need more ldc's in this class\");" +
+            "       System.out.println(\"Another ldc\");" +
+            "    }" +
+            "}";
+
+        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+            RelocatorTest_B.test();
+            RedefineClassHelper.redefineClass(RelocatorTest_B.class, newB);
+            RelocatorTest_B.test();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        ProcessBuilder pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder("-javaagent:redefineagent.jar",
+                                                                             "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                                                                             "-XX:+StressLdcRewrite",
+                                                                             "-Xlog:relocator=trace,redefine+class+constantpool=trace",
+                                                                             InternalClass.class.getName());
+        OutputAnalyzer output = ProcessTools.executeProcess(pb);
+        output.shouldContain("Old class");
+        output.shouldMatch("\\[debug\\]\\[relocator *\\] Space at: 3 Size: 3");
+        output.shouldMatch("\\[debug\\]\\[relocator *\\] \\{method\\} .* 'test' '\\(\\)V' in 'RelocatorTest_B'");
+        output.shouldMatch("\\[trace\\]\\[relocator *\\] ChangeWiden. bci: 3   New_ilen: 3");
+        output.shouldMatch("\\[debug\\]\\[relocator *\\] Space at: 12 Size: 3");
+        output.shouldMatch("\\[debug\\]\\[relocator *\\] \\{method\\} .* 'test' '\\(\\)V' in 'RelocatorTest_B'");
+        output.shouldMatch("\\[trace\\]\\[relocator *\\] ChangeWiden. bci: 12   New_ilen: 3");
+        output.shouldMatch("\\[debug\\]\\[relocator *\\] Space at: 21 Size: 3");
+        output.shouldMatch("\\[debug\\]\\[relocator *\\] \\{method\\} .* 'test' '\\(\\)V' in 'RelocatorTest_B'");
+        output.shouldContain("New class");
+        output.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+    }
+}

From e8aaa9e59cd35ae6225c065cfea7af834db5fdef Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Coleen Phillimore <coleenp@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2026 17:37:11 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 063/707] 8387214: TraceJavaAssertions is unused

Reviewed-by: jsjolen, shade
---
 .../share/classfile/javaAssertions.cpp        | 20 +------------------
 .../share/classfile/javaAssertions.hpp        |  9 +--------
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp         |  3 ---
 3 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaAssertions.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaAssertions.cpp
index 2a8f94d81b9..d2781e6e5e1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaAssertions.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaAssertions.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -83,13 +83,6 @@ void JavaAssertions::addOption(const char* name, bool enable) {
     if (name_copy[i] == JVM_SIGNATURE_DOT) name_copy[i] = JVM_SIGNATURE_SLASH;
   }
 
-  if (TraceJavaAssertions) {
-    tty->print_cr("JavaAssertions: adding %s %s=%d",
-      head == &_classes ? "class" : "package",
-      name_copy[0] != '\0' ? name_copy : "'default'",
-      enable);
-  }
-
   // Prepend a new item to the list.  Items added later take precedence, so
   // prepending allows us to stop searching the list after the first match.
   *head = new OptionList(name_copy, enable, *head);
@@ -183,14 +176,6 @@ JavaAssertions::match_package(const char* classname) {
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-inline void JavaAssertions::trace(const char* name,
-const char* typefound, const char* namefound, bool enabled) {
-  if (TraceJavaAssertions) {
-    tty->print_cr("JavaAssertions:  search for %s found %s %s=%d",
-      name, typefound, namefound[0] != '\0' ? namefound : "'default'", enabled);
-  }
-}
-
 bool JavaAssertions::enabled(const char* classname, bool systemClass) {
   assert(classname != nullptr, "must have a classname");
 
@@ -201,18 +186,15 @@ bool JavaAssertions::enabled(const char* classname, bool systemClass) {
   // First check options that apply to classes.  If we find a match we're done.
   OptionList* p;
   if ((p = match_class(classname))) {
-    trace(classname, "class", p->name(), p->enabled());
     return p->enabled();
   }
 
   // Now check packages, from most specific to least.
   if ((p = match_package(classname))) {
-    trace(classname, "package", p->name(), p->enabled());
     return p->enabled();
   }
 
   // No match.  Return the default status.
   bool result = systemClass ? systemClassDefault() : userClassDefault();
-  trace(classname, systemClass ? "system" : "user", "default", result);
   return result;
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaAssertions.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaAssertions.hpp
index 58d03eacd48..3477e79c3c5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaAssertions.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaAssertions.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -57,9 +57,6 @@ class JavaAssertions: AllStatic {
   static void fillJavaArrays(const OptionList* p, int len, objArrayHandle names,
     typeArrayHandle status, TRAPS);
 
-  static inline void trace(const char* name, const char* typefound,
-    const char* namefound, bool enabled);
-
   static inline OptionList*     match_class(const char* classname);
   static OptionList*            match_package(const char* classname);
 
@@ -90,8 +87,6 @@ inline bool JavaAssertions::userClassDefault() {
 }
 
 inline void JavaAssertions::setUserClassDefault(bool enabled) {
-  if (TraceJavaAssertions)
-    tty->print_cr("JavaAssertions::setUserClassDefault(%d)", enabled);
   _userDefault = enabled;
 }
 
@@ -100,8 +95,6 @@ inline bool JavaAssertions::systemClassDefault() {
 }
 
 inline void JavaAssertions::setSystemClassDefault(bool enabled) {
-  if (TraceJavaAssertions)
-    tty->print_cr("JavaAssertions::setSystemClassDefault(%d)", enabled);
   _sysDefault = enabled;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
index dd89a3847c7..cd34d874a3c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
@@ -461,9 +461,6 @@ const int ObjectAlignmentInBytes = 8;
   develop(bool, VerifyStackAtCalls, false,                                  \
           "Verify that the stack pointer is unchanged after calls")         \
                                                                             \
-  develop(bool, TraceJavaAssertions, false,                                 \
-          "Trace java language assertions")                                 \
-                                                                            \
   develop(bool, VerifyCodeCache, false,                                     \
           "Verify code cache on memory allocation/deallocation")            \
                                                                             \

From 193de1b1c78ed1cc29a747cc3ca979f219692a5c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Justin Lu <jlu@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2026 18:14:22 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 064/707] 8387185: Locale does not respect numeric singletons

Reviewed-by: naoto
---
 .../classes/sun/util/locale/LanguageTag.java  |  4 ++--
 .../java/util/Locale/LocaleEnhanceTest.java   | 23 +++++++++++++++++--
 2 files changed, 23 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/LanguageTag.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/LanguageTag.java
index 0b2fee7f2cd..bdbbc5eec2d 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/LanguageTag.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/LanguageTag.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2010, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2010, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -601,7 +601,7 @@ public static boolean isExtensionSingleton(String s) {
         //               / %x79-7A             ; y - z
 
         return (s.length() == 1)
-                && LocaleUtils.isAlphaString(s)
+                && LocaleUtils.isAlphaNumericString(s)
                 && !LocaleUtils.caseIgnoreMatch(PRIVATEUSE, s);
     }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Locale/LocaleEnhanceTest.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Locale/LocaleEnhanceTest.java
index 8bcbe20d197..1e38f0b887a 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Locale/LocaleEnhanceTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Locale/LocaleEnhanceTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2010, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2010, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 6875847 6992272 7002320 7015500 7023613 7032820 7033504 7004603
  *      7044019 8008577 8176853 8255086 8263202 8287868 8174269 8369452
- *      8369590
+ *      8369590 8387185
  * @summary test API changes to Locale
  * @modules jdk.localedata
  * @run junit/othervm -esa LocaleEnhanceTest
@@ -1377,6 +1377,25 @@ public void testBug7033504() {
         checkDigit(Locale.forLanguageTag("en-u-nu-thai"), '\u0e50');
     }
 
+    // Test that numeric singletons are supported
+    @Test
+    public void numericSingletonRoundTripTest() {
+        var tag = "en-0-foo";
+        var value = "foo";
+        var singleton = '0';
+        // test `forLanguageTag`
+        var locale = Locale.forLanguageTag(tag);
+        assertEquals(value, locale.getExtension(singleton));
+        assertEquals(tag, locale.toLanguageTag());
+        // test `Locale.Builder`
+        locale = new Builder()
+                .setLanguage("en")
+                .setExtension(singleton, value)
+                .build();
+        assertEquals(value, locale.getExtension(singleton));
+        assertEquals(tag, locale.toLanguageTag());
+    }
+
     private void checkCalendar(Locale loc, String expected) {
         Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance(loc);
         assertEquals(expected, cal.getClass().getName(), "Wrong calendar");

From 07a52da1fed10623f66bf424a1c5b10bd07ad25e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Roland Westrelin <roland@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 2026 07:15:18 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 065/707] 8387015: C2: crash with "named projection 2 not
 found" from ArrayCopyNode::finish_transform() for clone

Reviewed-by: qamai, kvn
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/arraycopynode.cpp      |  6 ++
 .../compiler/arraycopy/TestDeadCloneMem.java  | 79 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 85 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arraycopy/TestDeadCloneMem.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/arraycopynode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/arraycopynode.cpp
index 2f64482f55b..07b9e907b8f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/arraycopynode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/arraycopynode.cpp
@@ -180,6 +180,12 @@ Node* ArrayCopyNode::try_clone_instance(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape, int c
     return nullptr;
   }
 
+  Node* out_mem = proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Memory);
+  if (can_reshape && out_mem == nullptr) { // dead node?
+    return NodeSentinel;
+  }
+
+
   Node* base_src = in(ArrayCopyNode::Src);
   Node* base_dest = in(ArrayCopyNode::Dest);
   Node* ctl = in(TypeFunc::Control);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arraycopy/TestDeadCloneMem.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arraycopy/TestDeadCloneMem.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..807f45f11f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arraycopy/TestDeadCloneMem.java
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug JDK-8387015
+ * @summary C2: crash with "named projection 2 not found" from ArrayCopyNode::finish_transform() for clone
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::test1
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,${test.main.class}::notInlined -XX:+StressIGVN
+ *                   -XX:StressSeed=1324432947 ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::test1
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,${test.main.class}::notInlined -XX:+StressIGVN
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.arraycopy;
+
+public class TestDeadCloneMem {
+    private static int field;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        int[] array = new int[10];
+        array.clone();
+        Object o = new Object();
+        test1(42, false);
+    }
+
+    private static int test1(int flag, boolean flag2) {
+        int len;
+        if (flag != 42) {
+            if (flag2) {
+                field = 42;
+            }
+            int[] array2;
+            if (flag != 42) {
+                len = -1;
+                array2 = new int[4];
+            } else {
+                len = 42;
+                array2 = new int[100];
+            }
+            int[] array = new int[len];
+            int length = array.length;
+            int i = 0;
+            do {
+                synchronized (new Object()) {}
+                notInlined();
+                array2.clone();
+                i++;
+            } while (i < 10);
+            return length;
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    private static void notInlined() {
+
+    }
+}

From d1905ef91a194f57e81bc2d3a6ad0dec98ca8096 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nizar Benalla <nbenalla@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 2026 07:36:36 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 066/707] 8386081: Update --release 26 symbol information for
 JDK 27 build 27

Reviewed-by: darcy, iris
---
 src/jdk.compiler/share/data/symbols/java.base-R.sym.txt | 7 +++++--
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/data/symbols/java.base-R.sym.txt b/src/jdk.compiler/share/data/symbols/java.base-R.sym.txt
index 9853f8c70fd..bd9b9177e23 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/data/symbols/java.base-R.sym.txt
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/data/symbols/java.base-R.sym.txt
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 # ##########################################################
 #
 module name java.base
-header exports java/io,java/lang,java/lang/annotation,java/lang/classfile,java/lang/classfile/attribute,java/lang/classfile/constantpool,java/lang/classfile/instruction,java/lang/constant,java/lang/foreign,java/lang/invoke,java/lang/module,java/lang/ref,java/lang/reflect,java/lang/runtime,java/math,java/net,java/net/spi,java/nio,java/nio/channels,java/nio/channels/spi,java/nio/charset,java/nio/charset/spi,java/nio/file,java/nio/file/attribute,java/nio/file/spi,java/security,java/security/cert,java/security/interfaces,java/security/spec,java/text,java/text/spi,java/time,java/time/chrono,java/time/format,java/time/temporal,java/time/zone,java/util,java/util/concurrent,java/util/concurrent/atomic,java/util/concurrent/locks,java/util/function,java/util/jar,java/util/random,java/util/regex,java/util/spi,java/util/stream,java/util/zip,javax/crypto,javax/crypto/interfaces,javax/crypto/spec,javax/net,javax/net/ssl,javax/security/auth,javax/security/auth/callback,javax/security/auth/login,javax/security/auth/spi,javax/security/auth/x500,javax/security/cert,jdk/internal/event[jdk.jfr],jdk/internal/javac[java.compiler\u005C;u002C;jdk.compiler],jdk/internal/vm/vector[jdk.incubator.vector] extraModulePackages jdk/internal/access/foreign,jdk/internal/classfile/impl,jdk/internal/constant,jdk/internal/foreign/abi,jdk/internal/foreign/abi/aarch64/linux,jdk/internal/foreign/abi/aarch64/macos,jdk/internal/foreign/abi/aarch64/windows,jdk/internal/foreign/abi/fallback,jdk/internal/foreign/abi/ppc64/aix,jdk/internal/foreign/abi/ppc64/linux,jdk/internal/foreign/abi/riscv64/linux,jdk/internal/foreign/abi/s390/linux,jdk/internal/foreign/abi/x64/sysv,jdk/internal/foreign/abi/x64/windows,jdk/internal/foreign/layout,jdk/internal/lang,sun/nio,sun/nio/ch,sun/net,jdk/internal/foreign,jdk/internal/foreign,sun/net,sun/nio/ch uses java/lang/System$LoggerFinder,java/net/ContentHandlerFactory,java/net/spi/InetAddressResolverProvider,java/net/spi/URLStreamHandlerProvider,java/nio/channels/spi/AsynchronousChannelProvider,java/nio/channels/spi/SelectorProvider,java/nio/charset/spi/CharsetProvider,java/nio/file/spi/FileSystemProvider,java/nio/file/spi/FileTypeDetector,java/security/Provider,java/text/spi/BreakIteratorProvider,java/text/spi/CollatorProvider,java/text/spi/DateFormatProvider,java/text/spi/DateFormatSymbolsProvider,java/text/spi/DecimalFormatSymbolsProvider,java/text/spi/NumberFormatProvider,java/time/chrono/AbstractChronology,java/time/chrono/Chronology,java/time/format/DateTimeFormatterPatternProvider,java/time/zone/ZoneRulesProvider,java/util/spi/CalendarDataProvider,java/util/spi/CalendarNameProvider,java/util/spi/CurrencyNameProvider,java/util/spi/LocaleNameProvider,java/util/spi/ResourceBundleControlProvider,java/util/spi/ResourceBundleProvider,java/util/spi/TimeZoneNameProvider,java/util/spi/ToolProvider,javax/security/auth/spi/LoginModule,jdk/internal/io/JdkConsoleProvider,jdk/internal/logger/DefaultLoggerFinder,sun/util/locale/provider/LocaleDataMetaInfo,sun/util/resources/LocaleData$LocaleDataResourceBundleProvider,sun/util/spi/CalendarProvider provides interface\u0020;java/nio/file/spi/FileSystemProvider\u0020;impls\u0020;jdk/internal/jrtfs/JrtFileSystemProvider target macos-aarch64 flags 8000
+header exports java/io,java/lang,java/lang/annotation,java/lang/classfile,java/lang/classfile/attribute,java/lang/classfile/constantpool,java/lang/classfile/instruction,java/lang/constant,java/lang/foreign,java/lang/invoke,java/lang/module,java/lang/ref,java/lang/reflect,java/lang/runtime,java/math,java/net,java/net/spi,java/nio,java/nio/channels,java/nio/channels/spi,java/nio/charset,java/nio/charset/spi,java/nio/file,java/nio/file/attribute,java/nio/file/spi,java/security,java/security/cert,java/security/interfaces,java/security/spec,java/text,java/text/spi,java/time,java/time/chrono,java/time/format,java/time/temporal,java/time/zone,java/util,java/util/concurrent,java/util/concurrent/atomic,java/util/concurrent/locks,java/util/function,java/util/jar,java/util/random,java/util/regex,java/util/spi,java/util/stream,java/util/zip,javax/crypto,javax/crypto/interfaces,javax/crypto/spec,javax/net,javax/net/ssl,javax/security/auth,javax/security/auth/callback,javax/security/auth/login,javax/security/auth/spi,javax/security/auth/x500,javax/security/cert,jdk/internal/event[jdk.jfr],jdk/internal/javac[java.compiler\u005C;u002C;jdk.compiler],jdk/internal/vm/vector[jdk.incubator.vector] extraModulePackages jdk/internal/access/foreign,jdk/internal/classfile/impl,jdk/internal/constant,jdk/internal/foreign/abi,jdk/internal/foreign/abi/aarch64/linux,jdk/internal/foreign/abi/aarch64/macos,jdk/internal/foreign/abi/aarch64/windows,jdk/internal/foreign/abi/fallback,jdk/internal/foreign/abi/ppc64/aix,jdk/internal/foreign/abi/ppc64/linux,jdk/internal/foreign/abi/riscv64/linux,jdk/internal/foreign/abi/s390/linux,jdk/internal/foreign/abi/x64/sysv,jdk/internal/foreign/abi/x64/windows,jdk/internal/foreign/layout,jdk/internal/lang,sun/nio,sun/security/internal,sun/nio/ch,sun/net,jdk/internal/foreign,jdk/internal/foreign,sun/net,sun/nio/ch uses java/lang/System$LoggerFinder,java/net/ContentHandlerFactory,java/net/spi/InetAddressResolverProvider,java/net/spi/URLStreamHandlerProvider,java/nio/channels/spi/AsynchronousChannelProvider,java/nio/channels/spi/SelectorProvider,java/nio/charset/spi/CharsetProvider,java/nio/file/spi/FileSystemProvider,java/nio/file/spi/FileTypeDetector,java/security/Provider,java/text/spi/BreakIteratorProvider,java/text/spi/CollatorProvider,java/text/spi/DateFormatProvider,java/text/spi/DateFormatSymbolsProvider,java/text/spi/DecimalFormatSymbolsProvider,java/text/spi/NumberFormatProvider,java/time/chrono/AbstractChronology,java/time/chrono/Chronology,java/time/format/DateTimeFormatterPatternProvider,java/time/zone/ZoneRulesProvider,java/util/spi/CalendarDataProvider,java/util/spi/CalendarNameProvider,java/util/spi/CurrencyNameProvider,java/util/spi/LocaleNameProvider,java/util/spi/ResourceBundleControlProvider,java/util/spi/ResourceBundleProvider,java/util/spi/TimeZoneNameProvider,java/util/spi/ToolProvider,javax/security/auth/spi/LoginModule,jdk/internal/io/JdkConsoleProvider,jdk/internal/logger/DefaultLoggerFinder,sun/util/locale/provider/LocaleDataMetaInfo,sun/util/resources/LocaleData$LocaleDataResourceBundleProvider,sun/util/spi/CalendarProvider provides interface\u0020;java/nio/file/spi/FileSystemProvider\u0020;impls\u0020;jdk/internal/jrtfs/JrtFileSystemProvider target macos-aarch64 flags 8000
 
 class name java/io/ProxyingConsole
 header extends java/io/Console flags 30 runtimeAnnotations @Ljdk/internal/ValueBased;
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ class name java/security/AsymmetricKey
 header extends java/lang/Object implements java/security/Key,java/security/BinaryEncodable flags 601
 
 class name java/security/BinaryEncodable
-header extends java/lang/Object sealed true permittedSubclasses java/security/AsymmetricKey,java/security/KeyPair,java/security/spec/PKCS8EncodedKeySpec,java/security/spec/X509EncodedKeySpec,javax/crypto/EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo,java/security/cert/X509Certificate,java/security/cert/X509CRL,java/security/PEM flags 601 classAnnotations @Ljdk/internal/javac/PreviewFeature;(feature=eLjdk/internal/javac/PreviewFeature$Feature;PEM_API;)
+header extends java/lang/Object sealed true permittedSubclasses java/security/AsymmetricKey,java/security/KeyPair,java/security/spec/PKCS8EncodedKeySpec,java/security/spec/X509EncodedKeySpec,javax/crypto/EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo,java/security/cert/X509Certificate,java/security/cert/X509CRL,java/security/PEM,sun/security/internal/InternalBinaryEncodable flags 601 classAnnotations @Ljdk/internal/javac/PreviewFeature;(feature=eLjdk/internal/javac/PreviewFeature$Feature;PEM_API;)
 
 -class name java/security/DEREncodable
 
@@ -483,3 +483,6 @@ method name convert descriptor (ILjava/lang/Class;IILjava/lang/Class;IILjdk/inte
 method name compressExpandOp descriptor (ILjava/lang/Class;Ljava/lang/Class;IILjdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport$Vector;Ljdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport$VectorMask;Ljdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport$CompressExpandOperation;)Ljdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport$VectorPayload; flags 9 signature <V:Ljdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport$Vector<TE;>;M:Ljdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport$VectorMask<TE;>;E:Ljava/lang/Object;>(ILjava/lang/Class<+TV;>;Ljava/lang/Class<+TM;>;IITV;TM;Ljdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport$CompressExpandOperation<TV;TM;>;)Ljdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport$VectorPayload; runtimeAnnotations @Ljdk/internal/vm/annotation/IntrinsicCandidate;
 method name maskReductionCoerced descriptor (ILjava/lang/Class;IILjdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport$VectorMask;Ljdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport$VectorMaskOp;)J flags 9 signature <M:Ljdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport$VectorMask<TE;>;E:Ljava/lang/Object;>(ILjava/lang/Class<+TM;>;IITM;Ljdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport$VectorMaskOp<TM;>;)J runtimeAnnotations @Ljdk/internal/vm/annotation/IntrinsicCandidate;
 
+class name sun/security/internal/InternalBinaryEncodable
+header extends java/lang/Object implements java/security/BinaryEncodable flags 31
+

From 3f03e104edbcfdc8465415e20882950d2b7d3dee Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Shawn Emery <semery@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 2026 08:20:04 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 067/707] 8385304: X25519 should utilize aarch64 intrinsics

Reviewed-by: adinn, shade
---
 .../cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp     | 126 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../cpu/aarch64/vm_version_aarch64.cpp        |   4 +
 src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp       |   1 +
 3 files changed, 131 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
index f89b6e2d579..cae69ac4621 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
@@ -8654,6 +8654,123 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     return start;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Arithmetic polynomial multiplication in Curve25519.  The algorithm mimics
+   * the version in the IntegerPolynomial25519 class, including the use of all
+   * columns (no folding method).
+   *
+   * Arguments:
+   *
+   * Inputs:
+   *   c_rarg0   - long[] aLimbs
+   *   c_rarg1   - long[] bLimbs
+   *
+   * Output:
+   *   c_rarg2   - long[] rLimbs result
+   */
+  address generate_intpoly_mult_25519() {
+    StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_intpoly_mult_25519_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
+    StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
+    start = __ pc();
+    __ enter();
+
+    // Register Map
+    const Register aLimbs  = c_rarg0; // r0
+    const Register bLimbs  = c_rarg1; // r1
+    const Register rLimbs  = c_rarg2; // r2
+
+    Register c[]   = {r3, r4, r5, r6, r7, r8, r9, r10, r11, r12};
+    Register a     = r13;
+    Register b     = r14;
+    Register term  = r15;
+    Register low   = r16;
+    Register high  = r17;
+
+    const int32_t limbs      = 5;
+    const int32_t bpl        = 51;
+    const int32_t rem        = 64 - bpl;
+    const int32_t TERM       = 19;
+    const int32_t columns    = limbs * 2;
+    const uint64_t mask      = (uint64_t) -1 >> rem;
+    const uint64_t CARRY_ADD = (uint64_t) 1 << (bpl - 1);
+
+    __ mov(term, TERM);
+    for (int i = 0; i < columns; i++) {
+      __ mov(c[i], zr);
+    }
+
+    // Perform high/low multiplication with signed 5x51 bit limbs
+    for (int i = 0; i < limbs; i++) {
+      __ ldr(b, Address(bLimbs, i * 8));
+      for (int j = 0; j < limbs; j++) {
+        __ ldr(a, Address(aLimbs, j * 8));
+        __ smulh(high, a, b);
+        __ mul(low, a, b);
+        __ extr(high, high, low, bpl);
+        __ andr(low, low,  mask);
+        __ add(c[i + j], c[i + j], low);
+        __ add(c[i + j + 1], c[i + j + 1], high);
+      }
+    }
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < limbs; i++) {
+      __ mul(c[i + 5], c[i + 5], term);
+      __ add(c[i], c[i], c[i + 5]);
+    }
+
+    // Carry-add with reduction from high limb
+    Register tmp       = low;
+    Register carry_add = high;
+    __ mov(carry_add, CARRY_ADD);
+
+    // Limb 3
+    __ add(tmp, c[3], carry_add);
+    __ asr(tmp, tmp, bpl);
+    __ add(c[4], c[4], tmp);
+    __ lsl(tmp, tmp, bpl);
+    __ sub(c[3], c[3], tmp);
+
+    // Limb 4
+    __ add(tmp, c[4], carry_add);
+    __ asr(tmp, tmp, bpl);
+
+    // Reduce high order limb and fold back into low order limb
+    __ mul(term, tmp, term);
+    __ add(c[0], c[0], term);
+
+    __ lsl(tmp, tmp, bpl);
+    __ sub(c[4], c[4], tmp);
+
+    // Limbs 0 - 3
+    for (int i = 0; i < (limbs - 1); i++) {
+      __ add(tmp, c[i], carry_add);
+      __ asr(tmp, tmp, bpl);
+      __ add(c[i + 1], c[i + 1], tmp);
+      __ lsl(tmp, tmp, bpl);
+      __ sub(c[i], c[i], tmp);
+    }
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < limbs; i++) {
+      __ str(c[i], Address(rLimbs, i * 8));
+    }
+
+    __ mov(r0, 0);
+    __ leave();   // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
+    __ ret(lr);
+
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
+    return start;
+  }
+
   void bcax5(Register a0, Register a1, Register a2, Register a3, Register a4,
              Register tmp0, Register tmp1, Register tmp2) {
     __ bic(tmp0, a2, a1); // for a0
@@ -13791,6 +13908,15 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       StubRoutines::_poly1305_processBlocks = generate_poly1305_processBlocks();
     }
 
+    // The difference between AArch64 vs. x86_64 intrinsics implementation
+    // include the lack of square() intrinsics; usage caused a 3.3% performance
+    // degradation due to the efficiencies of the symmetric squaring shape in
+    // Java vs. the inefficiencies of the leaf calls and the additional cycles
+    // required for 64 bit multiplication in AArch64.
+    if (UseIntPoly25519Intrinsics) {
+      StubRoutines::_intpoly_mult_25519 = generate_intpoly_mult_25519();
+    }
+
     // generate Adler32 intrinsics code
     if (UseAdler32Intrinsics) {
       StubRoutines::_updateBytesAdler32 = generate_updateBytesAdler32();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/vm_version_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/vm_version_aarch64.cpp
index e746447e013..5462ccf2a76 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/vm_version_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/vm_version_aarch64.cpp
@@ -661,6 +661,10 @@ void VM_Version::initialize() {
     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UsePoly1305Intrinsics, true);
   }
 
+  if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseIntPoly25519Intrinsics)) {
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseIntPoly25519Intrinsics, true);
+  }
+
   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseVectorizedHashCodeIntrinsic)) {
     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseVectorizedHashCodeIntrinsic, true);
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp
index 448bab6fbc2..c65b9cb23d1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp
@@ -291,6 +291,7 @@ class AOTStubData : public StackObj {
   do_var(bool,  UseCRC32Intrinsics) \
   do_var(bool,  UseDilithiumIntrinsics) \
   do_var(bool,  UseGHASHIntrinsics) \
+  do_var(bool,  UseIntPoly25519Intrinsics) \
   do_var(bool,  UseKyberIntrinsics) \
   do_var(bool,  UseMD5Intrinsics) \
   do_var(bool,  UsePoly1305Intrinsics) \

From 3b30a57e3012330f85b24dbc86fc8a5023bb3e1a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Liam Miller-Cushon <cushon@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 2026 08:30:07 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 068/707] 6356745: (coll) Add PriorityQueue(Collection,
 Comparator)

Co-authored-by: Valeh Hajiyev <valeh.hajiyev@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: vklang, smarks, liach
---
 .../classes/java/util/PriorityQueue.java      | 28 +++++-
 .../concurrent/tck/PriorityQueueTest.java     | 96 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 123 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/PriorityQueue.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/PriorityQueue.java
index bacce5ef97e..b9ef312d66d 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/PriorityQueue.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/PriorityQueue.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -209,6 +209,32 @@ else if (c instanceof PriorityQueue<?>) {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Creates a {@code PriorityQueue} containing the elements in the
+     * specified collection. The elements of the new {@code PriorityQueue}
+     * will be ordered according to the specified comparator.
+     *
+     * @param  c the collection whose elements are to be placed
+     *         into this priority queue
+     * @param  comparator the comparator that will be used to order this
+     *         priority queue.  If {@code null}, the {@linkplain Comparable
+     *         natural ordering} of the elements will be used.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection or any
+     *         of its elements are null
+     * @since 28
+     */
+    public PriorityQueue(Collection<? extends E> c,
+                         Comparator<? super E> comparator) {
+        this.comparator = comparator;
+        if (c instanceof SortedSet<? extends E> ss && comparator == ss.comparator()) {
+            initElementsFromCollection(ss);
+        } else if (c instanceof PriorityQueue<? extends E> pq && comparator == pq.comparator()) {
+            initFromPriorityQueue(pq);
+        } else {
+            initFromCollection(c);
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * Creates a {@code PriorityQueue} containing the elements in the
      * specified priority queue.  This priority queue will be
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/tck/PriorityQueueTest.java b/test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/tck/PriorityQueueTest.java
index 690c056e23b..706816f4880 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/tck/PriorityQueueTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/tck/PriorityQueueTest.java
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@
 import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
 import java.util.PriorityQueue;
 import java.util.Queue;
+import java.util.TreeSet;
 
 import junit.framework.Test;
 
@@ -168,6 +169,101 @@ public void testConstructor7() {
             mustEqual(items[i], q.poll());
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Queue contains all elements of collection used to initialize and
+     * uses the custom comparator provided to order its elements
+     */
+    public void testConstructor8() {
+        Item[] items = seqItems(SIZE);
+        MyReverseComparator cmp = new MyReverseComparator();
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        PriorityQueue<Item> q = new PriorityQueue<>(Arrays.asList(items), cmp);
+        assertEquals(cmp, q.comparator());
+        for (int i = SIZE - 1; i >= 0; --i)
+            mustEqual(items[i], q.poll());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Initializing from Collection with a comparator has the order
+     * of its elements the same as the queue initialized with a comparator
+     * and populated with Collection after initialization
+     */
+    public void testConstructor9() {
+        Item[] items = seqItems(SIZE);
+        MyReverseComparator cmp = new MyReverseComparator();
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        PriorityQueue<Item> q1 = new PriorityQueue<>(Arrays.asList(items), cmp);
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        PriorityQueue<Item> q2 = new PriorityQueue<>(SIZE, cmp);
+        q2.addAll(Arrays.asList(items));
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; ++i)
+            mustEqual(q1.poll(), q2.poll());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Initializing from null Collection throws NPE
+     */
+    public void testConstructor10() {
+        try {
+            new PriorityQueue<Item>((Collection<Item>)null, new MyReverseComparator());
+            shouldThrow();
+        } catch (NullPointerException success) {}
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Initializing from Collection of null elements throws NPE
+     */
+    public void testConstructor11() {
+        try {
+            new PriorityQueue<Item>(Arrays.asList(new Item[SIZE]), new MyReverseComparator());
+            shouldThrow();
+        } catch (NullPointerException success) {}
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Initializing from PriorityQueue and its comparator
+     */
+    public void testConstructor12() {
+        Item[] items = seqItems(SIZE);
+        MyReverseComparator cmp = new MyReverseComparator();
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        PriorityQueue<Item> q1 = new PriorityQueue<>(cmp);
+        q1.addAll(Arrays.asList(items));
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        PriorityQueue<Item> q2 = new PriorityQueue<>(q1, q1.comparator());
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; ++i)
+            mustEqual(q1.poll(), q2.poll());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Initializing from SortedSet and its comparator
+     */
+    public void testConstructor13() {
+        Item[] items = seqItems(SIZE);
+        MyReverseComparator cmp = new MyReverseComparator();
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        TreeSet<Item> s = new TreeSet<>(cmp);
+        s.addAll(Arrays.asList(items));
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        PriorityQueue<Item> q = new PriorityQueue<>(s, s.comparator());
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; ++i)
+            mustEqual(q.poll(), s.removeFirst());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Initializing with null comparator
+     */
+    public void testConstructor14() {
+        Item[] items = seqItems(SIZE);
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        PriorityQueue<Item> q1 = new PriorityQueue<>((Comparator<Item>) null);
+        q1.addAll(Arrays.asList(items));
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        PriorityQueue<Item> q2 = new PriorityQueue<>(Arrays.asList(items), null);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; ++i)
+            mustEqual(q1.poll(), q2.poll());
+    }
+
     /**
      * isEmpty is true before add, false after
      */

From bd8072d22ced9a75da0d6578df66be65f886c746 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David CARLIER <devnexen@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 2026 09:20:20 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 069/707] 8379816: C2: Possible integer overflow in
 BCEscapeAnalyzer::iterate_blocks

Reviewed-by: dlong, kvn
---
 src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.cpp     |  36 ++--
 src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.hpp     |   6 +
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.hpp             |   4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethodBlocks.hpp       |   2 +-
 .../TestBCEscapeAnalyzerOverflow.java         | 160 ++++++++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 195 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestBCEscapeAnalyzerOverflow.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.cpp
index 712f7af4139..fd4ac33eb69 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.cpp
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
 #include "utilities/bitMap.inline.hpp"
 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
+#include "utilities/integerCast.hpp"
 
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   #define TRACE_BCEA(level, code)                                            \
@@ -1077,17 +1078,32 @@ void BCEscapeAnalyzer::merge_block_states(StateInfo *blockstates, ciBlock *dest,
   }
 }
 
+bool BCEscapeAnalyzer::datasize_overflow(uint numblocks, uint stkSize, uint numLocals, size_t& datasize) {
+  uint64_t datacount64 = (uint64_t)(numblocks + 1) * (stkSize + numLocals);
+  if (datacount64 > SIZE_MAX / sizeof(ArgumentMap)) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  datasize = integer_cast_permit_tautology<size_t>(datacount64 * sizeof(ArgumentMap));
+  return false;
+}
+
 void BCEscapeAnalyzer::iterate_blocks(Arena *arena) {
-  int numblocks = _methodBlocks->num_blocks();
-  int stkSize   = _method->max_stack();
-  int numLocals = _method->max_locals();
+  uint numblocks = _methodBlocks->num_blocks();
+  uint stkSize   = _method->max_stack();
+  uint numLocals = _method->max_locals();
   StateInfo state;
 
-  int datacount = (numblocks + 1) * (stkSize + numLocals);
-  int datasize = datacount * sizeof(ArgumentMap);
+  size_t datasize;
+  if (datasize_overflow(numblocks, stkSize, numLocals, datasize)) {
+    _conservative = true;
+    return;
+  }
+  size_t datacount = datasize / sizeof(ArgumentMap);
   StateInfo *blockstates = (StateInfo *) arena->Amalloc(numblocks * sizeof(StateInfo));
   ArgumentMap *statedata  = (ArgumentMap *) arena->Amalloc(datasize);
-  for (int i = 0; i < datacount; i++) ::new ((void*)&statedata[i]) ArgumentMap();
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < datacount; i++) {
+    ::new ((void*)&statedata[i]) ArgumentMap();
+  }
   ArgumentMap *dp = statedata;
   state._vars = dp;
   dp += numLocals;
@@ -1095,7 +1111,7 @@ void BCEscapeAnalyzer::iterate_blocks(Arena *arena) {
   dp += stkSize;
   state._initialized = false;
   state._max_stack = stkSize;
-  for (int i = 0; i < numblocks; i++) {
+  for (uint i = 0; i < numblocks; i++) {
     blockstates[i]._vars = dp;
     dp += numLocals;
     blockstates[i]._stack = dp;
@@ -1142,7 +1158,7 @@ void BCEscapeAnalyzer::iterate_blocks(Arena *arena) {
     if (blk->is_handler() || blk->is_ret_target()) {
       // for an exception handler or a target of a ret instruction, we assume the worst case,
       // that any variable could contain any argument
-      for (int i = 0; i < numLocals; i++) {
+      for (uint i = 0; i < numLocals; i++) {
         state._vars[i] = allVars;
       }
       if (blk->is_handler()) {
@@ -1155,7 +1171,7 @@ void BCEscapeAnalyzer::iterate_blocks(Arena *arena) {
         state._stack[i] = allVars;
       }
     } else {
-      for (int i = 0; i < numLocals; i++) {
+      for (uint i = 0; i < numLocals; i++) {
         state._vars[i] = blkState->_vars[i];
       }
       for (int i = 0; i < blkState->_stack_height; i++) {
@@ -1170,7 +1186,7 @@ void BCEscapeAnalyzer::iterate_blocks(Arena *arena) {
       DEBUG_ONLY(int handler_count = 0;)
       int blk_start = blk->start_bci();
       int blk_end = blk->limit_bci();
-      for (int i = 0; i < numblocks; i++) {
+      for (uint i = 0; i < numblocks; i++) {
         ciBlock *b = _methodBlocks->block(i);
         if (b->is_handler()) {
           int ex_start = b->ex_start_bci();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.hpp
index b75cb6a56f4..7bdd4a58146 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.hpp
@@ -152,6 +152,12 @@ class BCEscapeAnalyzer : public ArenaObj {
   // Copy dependencies from this analysis into "deps"
   void copy_dependencies(Dependencies *deps);
 
+  // Returns true if the datasize computation for iterate_blocks would
+  // overflow, i.e. the allocation size exceeds what can be represented.
+  // On success, sets datasize to the computed allocation size in bytes.
+  // Extracted as a public static method for testability (JDK-8216486).
+  static bool datasize_overflow(uint numblocks, uint stkSize, uint numLocals, size_t& datasize);
+
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   // dump escape information
   void dump();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.hpp
index eecd9427585..c3805b4a054 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.hpp
@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@ class ciMethod : public ciMetadata {
 
   // Code attributes.
   int _code_size;
-  int _max_stack;
-  int _max_locals;
+  uint _max_stack;
+  u2 _max_locals;
   vmIntrinsicID _intrinsic_id;
   int _handler_count;
   int _interpreter_invocation_count;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethodBlocks.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethodBlocks.hpp
index f1b446c2a87..567ea1e39b4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethodBlocks.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethodBlocks.hpp
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class ciMethodBlocks : public ArenaObj {
   Arena *_arena;
   GrowableArray<ciBlock *>  *_blocks;
   ciBlock  **_bci_to_block;
-  int _num_blocks;
+  u2 _num_blocks;
   int _code_size;
 
   void do_analysis();
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestBCEscapeAnalyzerOverflow.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestBCEscapeAnalyzerOverflow.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f33a16785d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestBCEscapeAnalyzerOverflow.java
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8216486
+ * @summary Verify BCEscapeAnalyzer handles methods where
+ *          (numblocks+1)*(max_stack+max_locals) overflows a 32-bit int.
+ *          On a UBSAN build the signed overflow would be caught as UB;
+ *          on a normal build the test verifies no crash from the bogus
+ *          allocation size that resulted from the overflow.
+ *
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ *
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *      compiler.escapeAnalysis.TestBCEscapeAnalyzerOverflow
+ */
+
+package compiler.escapeAnalysis;
+
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
+import java.lang.classfile.Label;
+import java.lang.constant.ClassDesc;
+import java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs;
+import java.lang.constant.MethodTypeDesc;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
+
+public class TestBCEscapeAnalyzerOverflow {
+
+    // Number of goto instructions in the generated method.
+    // Creates NUM_GOTOS + 1 basic blocks.  With max_stack = 0xFFFF and
+    // max_locals = 0xFFFF the product (numblocks+1)*(max_stack+max_locals)
+    // is 16386 * 131070 = 2,147,713,020 which exceeds Integer.MAX_VALUE.
+    static final int NUM_GOTOS = 16384;
+    static final int TARGET_MAX_STACK = 0xFFFF;
+    static final int TARGET_MAX_LOCALS = 0xFFFF;
+
+    static final ClassDesc CD_HELPER =
+        ClassDesc.of("compiler.escapeAnalysis.BCEscapeOverflowHelper");
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
+        byte[] classBytes = buildClass();
+        MethodHandles.Lookup lookup = MethodHandles.lookup();
+        Class<?> cls = lookup.defineClass(classBytes);
+
+        // caller() allocates an Object and passes it to bigMethod() via
+        // invokestatic.  Under -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation, C2 compiles
+        // caller() and invokes BCEscapeAnalyzer on bigMethod to determine
+        // whether the argument escapes.  Without the fix the 32-bit
+        // overflow in iterate_blocks leads to undefined behavior.
+        var mh = lookup.findStatic(cls, "caller",
+                     MethodType.methodType(void.class));
+        mh.invoke();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Builds a minimal class (version 50, no StackMapTable needed) with:
+     *   public static void bigMethod(Object o)  -- pathological method
+     *   public static void caller()              -- calls bigMethod
+     *
+     * The ClassFile API generates the bytecode; max_stack and max_locals
+     * of bigMethod are then patched to the target overflow-triggering values.
+     */
+    static byte[] buildClass() {
+        var mtd_Obj_void = MethodTypeDesc.of(ConstantDescs.CD_void,
+                                             ConstantDescs.CD_Object);
+        var mtd_void = MethodTypeDesc.of(ConstantDescs.CD_void);
+
+        byte[] bytes = ClassFile.of(ClassFile.StackMapsOption.DROP_STACK_MAPS)
+            .build(CD_HELPER, cb -> {
+                cb.withVersion(50, 0);
+                cb.withFlags(ClassFile.ACC_PUBLIC | ClassFile.ACC_SUPER);
+
+                // bigMethod(Object o): aload_0, pop, <goto chain>, return
+                cb.withMethod("bigMethod", mtd_Obj_void,
+                    ClassFile.ACC_PUBLIC | ClassFile.ACC_STATIC,
+                    mb -> mb.withCode(code -> {
+                        code.aload(0);
+                        code.pop();
+                        for (int i = 0; i < NUM_GOTOS; i++) {
+                            Label next = code.newLabel();
+                            code.goto_(next);
+                            code.labelBinding(next);
+                        }
+                        code.return_();
+                    }));
+
+                // caller(): new Object → dup → invokespecial <init> →
+                //           invokestatic bigMethod → return
+                cb.withMethod("caller", mtd_void,
+                    ClassFile.ACC_PUBLIC | ClassFile.ACC_STATIC,
+                    mb -> mb.withCode(code -> {
+                        code.new_(ConstantDescs.CD_Object);
+                        code.dup();
+                        code.invokespecial(ConstantDescs.CD_Object,
+                            "<init>", mtd_void);
+                        code.invokestatic(CD_HELPER,
+                            "bigMethod", mtd_Obj_void);
+                        code.return_();
+                    }));
+            });
+
+        patchBigMethodMaxes(bytes);
+        return bytes;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Locates bigMethod's Code attribute and patches max_stack/max_locals
+     * to TARGET_MAX_STACK/TARGET_MAX_LOCALS.  The ClassFile API computes
+     * small values (max_stack=1, max_locals=1); we inflate them to create
+     * the pathological overflow case.
+     *
+     * The Code attribute layout is:
+     *   attribute_name_index(u2), attribute_length(u4),
+     *   max_stack(u2), max_locals(u2), code_length(u4), code[...]...
+     *
+     * We search for bigMethod's unique code_length and patch the two u2
+     * fields immediately before it.
+     */
+    static void patchBigMethodMaxes(byte[] b) {
+        int expectedCodeLen = NUM_GOTOS * 3 + 3;
+        for (int i = 4; i <= b.length - 4; i++) {
+            int codeLen = ((b[i] & 0xFF) << 24) | ((b[i + 1] & 0xFF) << 16)
+                        | ((b[i + 2] & 0xFF) << 8) | (b[i + 3] & 0xFF);
+            if (codeLen == expectedCodeLen) {
+                int ms = ((b[i - 4] & 0xFF) << 8) | (b[i - 3] & 0xFF);
+                int ml = ((b[i - 2] & 0xFF) << 8) | (b[i - 1] & 0xFF);
+                if (ms <= 2 && ml <= 2) {
+                    b[i - 4] = (byte)(TARGET_MAX_STACK >>> 8);
+                    b[i - 3] = (byte)(TARGET_MAX_STACK);
+                    b[i - 2] = (byte)(TARGET_MAX_LOCALS >>> 8);
+                    b[i - 1] = (byte)(TARGET_MAX_LOCALS);
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        throw new RuntimeException("Could not find bigMethod Code attribute");
+    }
+}

From 2b20a1391b12132089aa271802fecf8020226a0f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ivan Walulya <iwalulya@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 2026 10:52:04 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 070/707] 8385562: G1: Remove obsolete young_list prefix in
 identifiers used before JDK-8150721

Reviewed-by: stefank, tschatzl
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp   |  22 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp   |   9 +-
 .../share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp    |   4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp   |  10 +-
 .../share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.cpp    |   2 +-
 .../share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRefine.cpp        |   2 +-
 .../share/gc/g1/g1HeapSizingPolicy.cpp        |   2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapTransition.cpp  |  73 ++--
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapTransition.hpp  |  14 +-
 .../share/gc/g1/g1MonitoringSupport.cpp       |  12 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp          | 402 +++++++++---------
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.hpp          |  73 ++--
 ...sk.cpp => g1ReviseNumYoungRegionsTask.cpp} |  22 +-
 ...sk.hpp => g1ReviseNumYoungRegionsTask.hpp} |  24 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGenSizer.cpp   |  48 +--
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGenSizer.hpp   |  26 +-
 .../share/gc/g1/jvmFlagConstraintsG1.cpp      |   4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutexLocker.cpp     |   4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutexLocker.hpp     |   2 +-
 .../jtreg/gc/arguments/TestNewRatioFlag.java  |  12 +-
 .../gc/arguments/TestSurvivorRatioFlag.java   |   8 +-
 .../TestTargetSurvivorRatioFlag.java          |   4 +-
 22 files changed, 392 insertions(+), 387 deletions(-)
 rename src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/{g1ReviseYoungLengthTask.cpp => g1ReviseNumYoungRegionsTask.cpp} (79%)
 rename src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/{g1ReviseYoungLengthTask.hpp => g1ReviseNumYoungRegionsTask.hpp} (73%)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
index ebf7a1086fa..b4758897dd6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
 #include "gc/g1/g1RegionPinCache.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1RegionToSpaceMapper.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1RemSet.hpp"
-#include "gc/g1/g1ReviseYoungLengthTask.hpp"
+#include "gc/g1/g1ReviseNumYoungRegionsTask.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1RootClosures.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1SATBMarkQueueSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1ServiceThread.hpp"
@@ -916,7 +916,7 @@ void G1CollectedHeap::verify_after_full_collection() {
 
   // At this point there should be no regions in the
   // entire heap tagged as young.
-  assert(check_young_list_empty(), "young list should be empty at this point");
+  assert(check_no_young_regions(), "We should not have young regions at this point");
 
   // Note: since we've just done a full GC, concurrent
   // marking is no longer active. Therefore we need not
@@ -1295,7 +1295,7 @@ G1CollectedHeap::G1CollectedHeap() :
   _service_thread(nullptr),
   _periodic_gc_task(nullptr),
   _free_arena_memory_task(nullptr),
-  _revise_young_length_task(nullptr),
+  _revise_num_young_regions_task(nullptr),
   _workers(nullptr),
   _refinement_epoch(0),
   _last_synchronized_start(0),
@@ -1604,9 +1604,9 @@ jint G1CollectedHeap::initialize() {
   _free_arena_memory_task = new G1MonotonicArenaFreeMemoryTask("Card Set Free Memory Task");
   _service_thread->register_task(_free_arena_memory_task);
 
-  if (policy()->use_adaptive_young_list_length()) {
-    _revise_young_length_task = new G1ReviseYoungLengthTask("Revise Young Length List Task");
-    _service_thread->register_task(_revise_young_length_task);
+  if (policy()->use_adaptive_num_young_regions()) {
+    _revise_num_young_regions_task = new G1ReviseNumYoungRegionsTask("Revise Num Young Regions Task");
+    _service_thread->register_task(_revise_num_young_regions_task);
   }
 
   // Here we allocate the dummy G1HeapRegion that is required by the
@@ -2282,7 +2282,7 @@ bool G1CollectedHeap::block_is_obj(const HeapWord* addr) const {
 }
 
 size_t G1CollectedHeap::tlab_capacity() const {
-  return eden_target_length() * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes;
+  return target_num_eden_regions() * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes;
 }
 
 size_t G1CollectedHeap::tlab_used() const {
@@ -2451,7 +2451,7 @@ G1HeapSummary G1CollectedHeap::create_g1_heap_summary() {
   size_t heap_used = Heap_lock->owned_by_self() ? used() : used_unlocked();
 
   size_t eden_capacity_bytes =
-    (policy()->young_list_target_length() * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes) - survivor_used_bytes;
+    (policy()->target_num_young_regions() * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes) - survivor_used_bytes;
 
   VirtualSpaceSummary heap_summary = create_heap_space_summary();
   return G1HeapSummary(heap_summary, heap_used, eden_used_bytes, eden_capacity_bytes,
@@ -2989,7 +2989,7 @@ class NoYoungRegionsClosure: public G1HeapRegionClosure {
   bool success() { return _success; }
 };
 
-bool G1CollectedHeap::check_young_list_empty() {
+bool G1CollectedHeap::check_no_young_regions() {
   bool ret = (young_regions_count() == 0);
 
   NoYoungRegionsClosure closure;
@@ -3008,8 +3008,8 @@ void G1CollectedHeap::prepare_region_for_full_compaction(G1HeapRegion* hr) {
   } else if (hr->is_old()) {
     _old_set.remove(hr);
   } else if (hr->is_young()) {
-    // Note that emptying the eden and survivor lists is postponed and instead
-    // done as the first step when rebuilding the regions sets again. The reason
+    // Note that clearing eden and survivor region tracking is postponed and
+    // done as the first step when rebuilding the region sets again. The reason
     // for this is that during a full GC string deduplication needs to know if
     // a collected region was young or old when the full GC was initiated.
     hr->uninstall_surv_rate_group();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
index fc31878097b..718c230851f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ class G1GCPhaseTimes;
 class G1HeapSizingPolicy;
 class G1NewTracer;
 class G1RemSet;
-class G1ReviseYoungLengthTask;
+class G1ReviseNumYoungRegionsTask;
 class G1ServiceTask;
 class G1ServiceThread;
 class GCMemoryManager;
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ class G1CollectedHeap : public CollectedHeap {
   G1ServiceThread* _service_thread;
   G1ServiceTask* _periodic_gc_task;
   G1MonotonicArenaFreeMemoryTask* _free_arena_memory_task;
-  G1ReviseYoungLengthTask* _revise_young_length_task;
+  G1ReviseNumYoungRegionsTask* _revise_num_young_regions_task;
 
   WorkerThreads* _workers;
 
@@ -394,7 +394,6 @@ class G1CollectedHeap : public CollectedHeap {
 #define assert_used_and_recalculate_used_equal(g1h) do {} while(0)
 #endif
 
-  // The young region list.
   G1EdenRegions _eden;
   G1SurvivorRegions _survivor;
 
@@ -1237,7 +1236,7 @@ class G1CollectedHeap : public CollectedHeap {
 
   G1SurvivorRegions* survivor() { return &_survivor; }
 
-  inline uint eden_target_length() const;
+  inline uint target_num_eden_regions() const;
   uint eden_regions_count() const { return _eden.length(); }
   uint eden_regions_count(uint node_index) const { return _eden.regions_on_node(node_index); }
   uint survivor_regions_count() const { return _survivor.length(); }
@@ -1249,7 +1248,7 @@ class G1CollectedHeap : public CollectedHeap {
   uint humongous_regions_count() const { return _humongous_set.length(); }
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
-  bool check_young_list_empty();
+  bool check_no_young_regions();
 #endif
 
   bool is_marked(oop obj) const;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp
index bad9ac18eec..5d23a7d463e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp
@@ -295,8 +295,8 @@ inline bool G1CollectedHeap::is_collection_set_candidate(const G1HeapRegion* r)
   return candidates->contains(r);
 }
 
-inline uint G1CollectedHeap::eden_target_length() const {
-  return _policy->young_list_target_length() - survivor_regions_count();
+inline uint G1CollectedHeap::target_num_eden_regions() const {
+  return _policy->target_num_young_regions() - survivor_regions_count();
 }
 
 #endif // SHARE_GC_G1_G1COLLECTEDHEAP_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp
index b0eb493120b..9f1bbf1b48e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp
@@ -332,9 +332,9 @@ double G1CollectionSet::finalize_young_part(double target_pause_time_ms, G1Survi
   log_trace(gc, ergo, cset)("Start choosing CSet. Pending cards: %zu target pause time: %1.2fms",
                             pending_cards, target_pause_time_ms);
 
-  // The young list is laid with the survivor regions from the previous
-  // pause are appended to the RHS of the young list, i.e.
-  //   [Newly Young Regions ++ Survivors from last pause].
+  // Young region indexes are assigned with eden regions first, followed by
+  // survivor regions from the previous pause:
+  //   [Eden regions ++ Survivors from last pause].
 
   uint num_eden_regions = _g1h->eden_regions_count();
   uint num_survivor_regions = survivors->length();
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ double G1CollectionSet::finalize_young_part(double target_pause_time_ms, G1Survi
                             num_eden_regions, num_survivor_regions,
                             predicted_eden_time, predicted_base_time_ms, target_pause_time_ms, remaining_time_ms);
 
-  // Clear the fields that point to the survivor list - they are all young now.
+  // Set survivor regions as eden and clear survivor tracking for this pause.
   survivors->convert_to_eden();
 
   phase_times()->record_young_cset_choice_time_ms((Ticks::now() - start_time).seconds() * 1000.0);
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ double G1CollectionSet::select_candidates_from_marking(double time_remaining_ms)
 
   uint min_old_cset_length = _policy->calc_min_old_cset_length(candidates()->last_marking_candidates_length());
   uint max_old_cset_length = MAX2(min_old_cset_length, _policy->calc_max_old_cset_length());
-  bool check_time_remaining = _policy->use_adaptive_young_list_length();
+  bool check_time_remaining = _policy->use_adaptive_num_young_regions();
 
   G1CSetCandidateGroupList* from_marking_groups = &candidates()->from_marking_groups();
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.cpp
index a41d5cf54b9..948897a538c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.cpp
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ double G1ConcurrentMarkThread::mmu_delay_end(G1Policy* policy, bool remark) {
 void G1ConcurrentMarkThread::delay_to_keep_mmu(bool remark) {
   G1Policy* policy = G1CollectedHeap::heap()->policy();
 
-  if (policy->use_adaptive_young_list_length()) {
+  if (policy->use_adaptive_num_young_regions()) {
     double delay_end_sec = mmu_delay_end(policy, remark);
     // Wait for timeout or thread termination request.
     MonitorLocker ml(G1CGC_lock, Monitor::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRefine.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRefine.cpp
index d58d980b651..4d4730de0b2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRefine.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRefine.cpp
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ void G1ConcurrentRefineSweepState::complete_refinement(jlong total_yield_during_
   policy->record_refinement_stats(stats());
 
   {
-    MutexLocker x(G1ReviseYoungLength_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
+    MutexLocker x(G1ReviseNumYoungRegions_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
     policy->record_dirtying_stats(TimeHelper::counter_to_millis(g1h->last_refinement_epoch_start()),
                                   TimeHelper::counter_to_millis(next_epoch_start),
                                   _stats.cards_pending(),
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapSizingPolicy.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapSizingPolicy.cpp
index 1b9704e8ad3..6158bc47c47 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapSizingPolicy.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapSizingPolicy.cpp
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ size_t G1HeapSizingPolicy::young_collection_shrink_amount(double cpu_usage_delta
   // going to use during this mutator phase.
   uint target_regions_to_shrink = _g1h->num_free_regions();
 
-  uint needed_for_allocation = _g1h->eden_target_length();
+  uint needed_for_allocation = _g1h->target_num_eden_regions();
   if (_g1h->is_humongous(allocation_word_size)) {
     needed_for_allocation += (uint) _g1h->humongous_obj_size_in_regions(allocation_word_size);
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapTransition.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapTransition.cpp
index 690bda4e7e6..e91afc79267 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapTransition.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapTransition.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,13 +29,13 @@
 #include "memory/metaspaceUtils.hpp"
 
 G1HeapTransition::Data::Data(G1CollectedHeap* g1_heap) :
-  _eden_length(g1_heap->eden_regions_count()),
-  _survivor_length(g1_heap->survivor_regions_count()),
-  _old_length(g1_heap->old_regions_count()),
-  _humongous_length(g1_heap->humongous_regions_count()),
+  _num_eden_regions(g1_heap->eden_regions_count()),
+  _num_survivor_regions(g1_heap->survivor_regions_count()),
+  _num_old_regions(g1_heap->old_regions_count()),
+  _num_humongous_regions(g1_heap->humongous_regions_count()),
   _meta_sizes(MetaspaceUtils::get_combined_statistics()),
-  _eden_length_per_node(nullptr),
-  _survivor_length_per_node(nullptr) {
+  _num_eden_regions_per_node(nullptr),
+  _num_survivor_regions_per_node(nullptr) {
 
   uint node_count = G1NUMA::numa()->num_active_nodes();
 
@@ -43,20 +43,20 @@ G1HeapTransition::Data::Data(G1CollectedHeap* g1_heap) :
     LogTarget(Debug, gc, heap, numa) lt;
 
     if (lt.is_enabled()) {
-      _eden_length_per_node = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(uint, node_count, mtGC);
-      _survivor_length_per_node = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(uint, node_count, mtGC);
+      _num_eden_regions_per_node = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(uint, node_count, mtGC);
+      _num_survivor_regions_per_node = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(uint, node_count, mtGC);
 
       for (uint i = 0; i < node_count; i++) {
-        _eden_length_per_node[i] = g1_heap->eden_regions_count(i);
-        _survivor_length_per_node[i] = g1_heap->survivor_regions_count(i);
+        _num_eden_regions_per_node[i] = g1_heap->eden_regions_count(i);
+        _num_survivor_regions_per_node[i] = g1_heap->survivor_regions_count(i);
       }
     }
   }
 }
 
 G1HeapTransition::Data::~Data() {
-  FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(_eden_length_per_node);
-  FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(_survivor_length_per_node);
+  FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(_num_eden_regions_per_node);
+  FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(_num_survivor_regions_per_node);
 }
 
 G1HeapTransition::G1HeapTransition(G1CollectedHeap* g1_heap) : _g1_heap(g1_heap), _before(g1_heap) { }
@@ -101,23 +101,23 @@ class G1HeapTransition::DetailedUsageClosure: public G1HeapRegionClosure {
   }
 };
 
-static void log_regions(const char* msg, size_t before_length, size_t after_length, size_t capacity,
-                        uint* before_per_node_length, uint* after_per_node_length) {
+static void log_regions(const char* msg, size_t num_before, size_t num_after, size_t capacity,
+                        uint* num_per_node_before, uint* num_per_node_after) {
   LogTarget(Info, gc, heap) lt;
 
   if (lt.is_enabled()) {
     LogStream ls(lt);
 
     ls.print("%s regions: %zu->%zu(%zu)",
-             msg, before_length, after_length, capacity);
+             msg, num_before, num_after, capacity);
     // Not null only if gc+heap+numa at Debug level is enabled.
-    if (before_per_node_length != nullptr && after_per_node_length != nullptr) {
+    if (num_per_node_before != nullptr && num_per_node_after != nullptr) {
       G1NUMA* numa = G1NUMA::numa();
       uint num_nodes = numa->num_active_nodes();
       const uint* node_ids = numa->node_ids();
       ls.print(" (");
       for (uint i = 0; i < num_nodes; i++) {
-        ls.print("%u: %u->%u", node_ids[i], before_per_node_length[i], after_per_node_length[i]);
+        ls.print("%u: %u->%u", node_ids[i], num_per_node_before[i], num_per_node_after[i]);
         // Skip adding below if it is the last one.
         if (i != num_nodes - 1) {
           ls.print(", ");
@@ -132,8 +132,8 @@ static void log_regions(const char* msg, size_t before_length, size_t after_leng
 void G1HeapTransition::print() {
   Data after(_g1_heap);
 
-  size_t eden_capacity_length_after_gc = _g1_heap->policy()->young_list_target_length() - after._survivor_length;
-  size_t survivor_capacity_length_before_gc = _g1_heap->policy()->max_survivor_regions();
+  size_t num_eden_after_gc = _g1_heap->policy()->target_num_young_regions() - after._num_survivor_regions;
+  size_t num_survivor_before_gc = _g1_heap->policy()->max_survivor_regions();
 
   DetailedUsage usage;
   if (log_is_enabled(Trace, gc, heap)) {
@@ -141,32 +141,35 @@ void G1HeapTransition::print() {
     _g1_heap->heap_region_iterate(&blk);
     usage = blk._usage;
     assert(usage._eden_region_count == 0, "Expected no eden regions, but got %zu", usage._eden_region_count);
-    assert(usage._survivor_region_count == after._survivor_length, "Expected survivors to be %zu but was %zu",
-           after._survivor_length, usage._survivor_region_count);
-    assert(usage._old_region_count == after._old_length, "Expected old to be %zu but was %zu",
-           after._old_length, usage._old_region_count);
-    assert(usage._humongous_region_count == after._humongous_length, "Expected humongous to be %zu but was %zu",
-           after._humongous_length, usage._humongous_region_count);
+    assert(usage._survivor_region_count == after._num_survivor_regions, "Expected survivors to be %zu but was %zu",
+           after._num_survivor_regions, usage._survivor_region_count);
+    assert(usage._old_region_count == after._num_old_regions, "Expected old to be %zu but was %zu",
+           after._num_old_regions, usage._old_region_count);
+    assert(usage._humongous_region_count == after._num_humongous_regions, "Expected humongous to be %zu but was %zu",
+           after._num_humongous_regions, usage._humongous_region_count);
   }
 
-  log_regions("Eden", _before._eden_length, after._eden_length, eden_capacity_length_after_gc,
-              _before._eden_length_per_node, after._eden_length_per_node);
+  log_regions("Eden", _before._num_eden_regions, after._num_eden_regions, num_eden_after_gc,
+              _before._num_eden_regions_per_node, after._num_eden_regions_per_node);
   log_trace(gc, heap)(" Used: 0K, Waste: 0K");
 
-  log_regions("Survivor", _before._survivor_length, after._survivor_length, survivor_capacity_length_before_gc,
-              _before._survivor_length_per_node, after._survivor_length_per_node);
+  log_regions("Survivor", _before._num_survivor_regions, after._num_survivor_regions, num_survivor_before_gc,
+              _before._num_survivor_regions_per_node, after._num_survivor_regions_per_node);
   log_trace(gc, heap)(" Used: %zuK, Waste: %zuK",
-                      usage._survivor_used / K, ((after._survivor_length * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes) - usage._survivor_used) / K);
+                      usage._survivor_used / K,
+                      ((after._num_survivor_regions * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes) - usage._survivor_used) / K);
 
   log_info(gc, heap)("Old regions: %zu->%zu",
-                     _before._old_length, after._old_length);
+                     _before._num_old_regions, after._num_old_regions);
   log_trace(gc, heap)(" Used: %zuK, Waste: %zuK",
-                      usage._old_used / K, ((after._old_length * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes) - usage._old_used) / K);
+                      usage._old_used / K,
+                      ((after._num_old_regions * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes) - usage._old_used) / K);
 
   log_info(gc, heap)("Humongous regions: %zu->%zu",
-                     _before._humongous_length, after._humongous_length);
+                     _before._num_humongous_regions, after._num_humongous_regions);
   log_trace(gc, heap)(" Used: %zuK, Waste: %zuK",
-                      usage._humongous_used / K, ((after._humongous_length * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes) - usage._humongous_used) / K);
+                      usage._humongous_used / K,
+                      ((after._num_humongous_regions * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes) - usage._humongous_used) / K);
 
   MetaspaceUtils::print_metaspace_change(_before._meta_sizes);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapTransition.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapTransition.hpp
index 18bcd153505..4b69d26c5a6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapTransition.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapTransition.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -35,16 +35,16 @@ class G1HeapTransition {
   class DetailedUsageClosure;
 
   struct Data {
-    size_t _eden_length;
-    size_t _survivor_length;
-    size_t _old_length;
-    size_t _humongous_length;
+    size_t _num_eden_regions;
+    size_t _num_survivor_regions;
+    size_t _num_old_regions;
+    size_t _num_humongous_regions;
     const MetaspaceCombinedStats _meta_sizes;
 
     // Only includes current eden regions.
-    uint* _eden_length_per_node;
+    uint* _num_eden_regions_per_node;
     // Only includes current survivor regions.
-    uint* _survivor_length_per_node;
+    uint* _num_survivor_regions_per_node;
 
     Data(G1CollectedHeap* g1_heap);
     ~Data();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1MonitoringSupport.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1MonitoringSupport.cpp
index dba57d487ea..0af07282fc7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1MonitoringSupport.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1MonitoringSupport.cpp
@@ -245,14 +245,14 @@ void G1MonitoringSupport::recalculate_sizes() {
   // use smaller value to subtract.
   _old_gen_used = _overall_used - MIN2(_overall_used, _eden_space_used + _survivor_space_used);
 
-  uint survivor_list_length = _g1h->survivor_regions_count();
+  uint num_survivor_regions = _g1h->survivor_regions_count();
 
-  uint young_list_target_length = _g1h->policy()->young_list_target_length();
-  assert(young_list_target_length >= survivor_list_length, "invariant");
-  uint eden_list_max_length = young_list_target_length - survivor_list_length;
+  uint target_num_young_regions = _g1h->policy()->target_num_young_regions();
+  assert(target_num_young_regions >= num_survivor_regions, "invariant");
+  uint max_num_eden_regions = target_num_young_regions - num_survivor_regions;
 
   // First calculate the committed sizes that can be calculated independently.
-  _survivor_space_committed = survivor_list_length * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes;
+  _survivor_space_committed = num_survivor_regions * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes;
   _old_gen_committed = G1HeapRegion::align_up_to_region_byte_size(_old_gen_used);
 
   // Next, start with the overall committed size.
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ void G1MonitoringSupport::recalculate_sizes() {
   committed -= _survivor_space_committed + _old_gen_committed;
 
   // Next, calculate and remove the committed size for the eden.
-  _eden_space_committed = (size_t) eden_list_max_length * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes;
+  _eden_space_committed = (size_t) max_num_eden_regions * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes;
   // Somewhat defensive: be robust in case there are inaccuracies in
   // the calculations
   _eden_space_committed = MIN2(_eden_space_committed, committed);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
index 6aeabb9ac9b..e2c01f9a13e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
@@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ G1Policy::G1Policy(STWGCTimer* gc_timer) :
   _ihop_control(create_ihop_control(&_predictor)),
   _policy_counters(new GCPolicyCounters("GarbageFirst", 1, 2)),
   _cur_pause_start_sec(0.0),
-  _young_list_desired_length(0),
-  _young_list_target_length(0),
+  _desired_num_young_regions(0),
+  _target_num_young_regions(0),
   _eden_surv_rate_group(new G1SurvRateGroup()),
   _survivor_surv_rate_group(new G1SurvRateGroup()),
   _reserve_factor((double) G1ReservePercent / 100.0),
@@ -95,45 +95,45 @@ void G1Policy::init(G1CollectedHeap* g1h, G1CollectionSet* collection_set) {
 
   _free_regions_at_end_of_collection = _g1h->num_free_regions();
 
-  update_young_length_bounds();
+  update_young_regions_bounds();
 }
 
 void G1Policy::record_young_gc_pause_start() {
   phase_times()->record_gc_pause_start();
 }
 
-class G1YoungLengthPredictor {
+class G1NumYoungRegionsPredictor {
   const double _base_time_ms;
   const double _base_free_regions;
   const double _target_pause_time_ms;
   const G1Policy* const _policy;
 
  public:
-  G1YoungLengthPredictor(double base_time_ms,
-                         double base_free_regions,
-                         double target_pause_time_ms,
-                         const G1Policy* policy) :
+  G1NumYoungRegionsPredictor(double base_time_ms,
+                             double base_free_regions,
+                             double target_pause_time_ms,
+                             const G1Policy* policy) :
     _base_time_ms(base_time_ms),
     _base_free_regions(base_free_regions),
     _target_pause_time_ms(target_pause_time_ms),
     _policy(policy) {}
 
-  bool will_fit(uint young_length) const {
-    if (young_length >= _base_free_regions) {
+  bool will_fit(uint num_young_regions) const {
+    if (num_young_regions >= _base_free_regions) {
       // end condition 1: not enough space for the young regions
       return false;
     }
 
     size_t bytes_to_copy = 0;
-    const double copy_time_ms = _policy->predict_eden_copy_time_ms(young_length, &bytes_to_copy);
-    const double young_other_time_ms = _policy->analytics()->predict_young_other_time_ms(young_length);
+    const double copy_time_ms = _policy->predict_eden_copy_time_ms(num_young_regions, &bytes_to_copy);
+    const double young_other_time_ms = _policy->analytics()->predict_young_other_time_ms(num_young_regions);
     const double pause_time_ms = _base_time_ms + copy_time_ms + young_other_time_ms;
     if (pause_time_ms > _target_pause_time_ms) {
       // end condition 2: prediction is over the target pause time
       return false;
     }
 
-    const size_t free_bytes = (_base_free_regions - young_length) * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes;
+    const size_t free_bytes = (_base_free_regions - num_young_regions) * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes;
 
     // When copying, we will likely need more bytes free than is live in the region.
     // Add some safety margin to factor in the confidence of our guess, and the
@@ -167,61 +167,62 @@ void G1Policy::record_new_heap_size(uint new_number_of_regions) {
   _ihop_control->update_target_occupancy(new_number_of_regions * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes);
 }
 
-uint G1Policy::calculate_desired_eden_length_by_mmu() const {
-  assert(use_adaptive_young_list_length(), "precondition");
+uint G1Policy::calculate_desired_num_eden_regions_by_mmu() const {
+  assert(use_adaptive_num_young_regions(), "precondition");
   double now_sec = os::elapsedTime();
   double when_ms = _mmu_tracker->when_max_gc_sec(now_sec) * 1000.0;
   double alloc_rate_ms = _analytics->predict_alloc_rate_ms();
   return (uint) ceil(alloc_rate_ms * when_ms);
 }
 
-void G1Policy::update_young_length_bounds() {
+void G1Policy::update_young_regions_bounds() {
   assert(!Universe::is_fully_initialized() || SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "must be");
   bool for_young_only_phase = collector_state()->is_in_young_only_phase();
-  update_young_length_bounds(_analytics->predict_pending_cards(for_young_only_phase),
+  update_young_regions_bounds(_analytics->predict_pending_cards(for_young_only_phase),
                              _analytics->predict_card_rs_length(for_young_only_phase),
                              _analytics->predict_code_root_rs_length(for_young_only_phase));
 }
 
-void G1Policy::update_young_length_bounds(size_t pending_cards, size_t card_rs_length, size_t code_root_rs_length) {
-  uint old_young_list_target_length = young_list_target_length();
+void G1Policy::update_young_regions_bounds(size_t pending_cards, size_t card_rs_length, size_t code_root_rs_length) {
+  uint old_target_num_young_regions = target_num_young_regions();
 
-  uint min_young_length_by_sizer = _young_gen_sizer.min_desired_young_length();
-  uint max_young_length_by_sizer = _young_gen_sizer.max_desired_young_length();
+  uint min_num_young_regions_by_sizer = _young_gen_sizer.min_desired_num_regions();
+  uint max_num_young_regions_by_sizer = _young_gen_sizer.max_desired_num_regions();
 
-  if (max_young_length_by_sizer < min_young_length_by_sizer) {
-    // This can happen due to races with heap_size_changed() at mutator time. Do not update the young gen
-    // lengths. Will be updated on the next regular call anyway.
+  if (max_num_young_regions_by_sizer < min_num_young_regions_by_sizer) {
+    // This can happen due to races with heap_size_changed() at mutator time. Do not update the
+    // young regions. Will be updated on the next regular call anyway.
     assert(!SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "must be");
     return;
   }
 
-  uint new_young_list_desired_length = calculate_young_desired_length(pending_cards,
-                                                                      card_rs_length,
-                                                                      code_root_rs_length,
-                                                                      min_young_length_by_sizer,
-                                                                      max_young_length_by_sizer);
-  uint new_young_list_target_length = calculate_young_target_length(new_young_list_desired_length, min_young_length_by_sizer);
+  uint new_desired_num_young_regions = calculate_desired_num_young_regions(pending_cards,
+                                                                           card_rs_length,
+                                                                           code_root_rs_length,
+                                                                           min_num_young_regions_by_sizer,
+                                                                           max_num_young_regions_by_sizer);
+  uint new_target_num_young_regions = calculate_target_num_young_regions(new_desired_num_young_regions,
+                                                                         min_num_young_regions_by_sizer);
 
-  log_trace(gc, ergo, heap)("Young list length update: pending cards %zu card_rs_length %zu old target %u desired: %u target: %u",
+  log_trace(gc, ergo, heap)("Young num regions update: pending cards %zu card_rs_length %zu old target %u desired: %u target: %u",
                             pending_cards,
                             card_rs_length,
-                            old_young_list_target_length,
-                            new_young_list_desired_length,
-                            new_young_list_target_length);
+                            old_target_num_young_regions,
+                            new_desired_num_young_regions,
+                            new_target_num_young_regions);
 
   // Write back. This is not an attempt to control visibility order to other threads
-  // here; all the revising of the young gen length are best effort to keep pause time.
+  // here; all the revising of the number of young regions are best effort to keep pause time.
   // E.g. we could be "too late" revising young gen upwards to avoid GC because
   // there is some time left, or some threads could get different values for stopping
   // allocation.
   // That is "fine" - at most this will schedule a GC (hopefully only a little) too
   // early or too late.
-  _young_list_desired_length.store_relaxed(new_young_list_desired_length);
-  _young_list_target_length.store_relaxed(new_young_list_target_length);
+  _desired_num_young_regions.store_relaxed(new_desired_num_young_regions);
+  _target_num_young_regions.store_relaxed(new_target_num_young_regions);
 }
 
-// Calculates desired young gen length. It is calculated from:
+// Calculates desired number of young regions. It is calculated from:
 //
 // - sizer min/max bounds on young gen
 // - pause time goal for whole young gen evacuation
@@ -236,40 +237,40 @@ void G1Policy::update_young_length_bounds(size_t pending_cards, size_t card_rs_l
 // value smaller than what is already allocated or what can actually be allocated.
 // This return value is only an expectation.
 //
-uint G1Policy::calculate_young_desired_length(size_t pending_cards,
-                                              size_t card_rs_length,
-                                              size_t code_root_rs_length,
-                                              uint min_young_length_by_sizer,
-                                              uint max_young_length_by_sizer) const {
+uint G1Policy::calculate_desired_num_young_regions(size_t pending_cards,
+                                                   size_t card_rs_length,
+                                                   size_t code_root_rs_length,
+                                                   uint min_num_young_regions_by_sizer,
+                                                   uint max_num_young_regions_by_sizer) const {
 
-  assert(min_young_length_by_sizer >= 1, "invariant");
-  assert(max_young_length_by_sizer >= min_young_length_by_sizer, "invariant");
+  assert(min_num_young_regions_by_sizer >= 1, "invariant");
+  assert(max_num_young_regions_by_sizer >= min_num_young_regions_by_sizer, "invariant");
 
   // Calculate the absolute and desired min bounds first.
 
   // This is how many survivor regions we already have.
-  const uint survivor_length = _g1h->survivor_regions_count();
+  const uint num_survivor_regions = _g1h->survivor_regions_count();
   // Size of the already allocated young gen.
-  const uint allocated_young_length = _g1h->young_regions_count();
-  // This is the absolute minimum young length that we can return. Ensure that we
+  const uint allocated_num_young_regions = _g1h->young_regions_count();
+  // This is the absolute minimum number of young regions that we can return. Ensure that we
   // don't go below any user-defined minimum bound.  Also, we must have at least
   // one eden region, to ensure progress. But when revising during the ensuing
   // mutator phase we might have already allocated more than either of those, in
   // which case use that.
-  uint absolute_min_young_length = MAX3(min_young_length_by_sizer,
-                                        survivor_length + 1,
-                                        allocated_young_length);
+  uint absolute_min_num_young_regions = MAX3(min_num_young_regions_by_sizer,
+                                             num_survivor_regions + 1,
+                                             allocated_num_young_regions);
   // Calculate the absolute max bounds. After evac failure or when revising the
-  // young length we might have exceeded absolute min length or absolute_max_length,
+  // number of young regions we might have exceeded absolute min or max_num_young_regions,
   // so adjust the result accordingly.
-  uint absolute_max_young_length = MAX2(max_young_length_by_sizer, absolute_min_young_length);
+  uint absolute_max_num_young_regions = MAX2(max_num_young_regions_by_sizer, absolute_min_num_young_regions);
 
-  uint desired_eden_length_by_mmu = 0;
-  uint desired_eden_length_by_pause = 0;
+  uint desired_num_eden_regions_by_mmu = 0;
+  uint desired_num_eden_regions_by_pause = 0;
 
-  uint desired_young_length = 0;
-  if (use_adaptive_young_list_length()) {
-    desired_eden_length_by_mmu = calculate_desired_eden_length_by_mmu();
+  uint desired_num_young_regions = 0;
+  if (use_adaptive_num_young_regions()) {
+    desired_num_eden_regions_by_mmu = calculate_desired_num_eden_regions_by_mmu();
 
     double base_time_ms = predict_base_time_ms(pending_cards, card_rs_length, code_root_rs_length);
     double retained_time_ms = predict_retained_regions_evac_time();
@@ -278,55 +279,56 @@ uint G1Policy::calculate_young_desired_length(size_t pending_cards,
     log_trace(gc, ergo, heap)("Predicted total base time: total %f base_time %f retained_time %f",
                               total_time_ms, base_time_ms, retained_time_ms);
 
-    desired_eden_length_by_pause =
-      calculate_desired_eden_length_by_pause(total_time_ms,
-                                             absolute_min_young_length - survivor_length,
-                                             absolute_max_young_length - survivor_length);
+    desired_num_eden_regions_by_pause =
+      calculate_desired_num_eden_regions_by_pause(total_time_ms,
+                                                  absolute_min_num_young_regions - num_survivor_regions,
+                                                  absolute_max_num_young_regions - num_survivor_regions);
 
     // Incorporate MMU concerns; assume that it overrides the pause time
     // goal, as the default value has been chosen to effectively disable it.
-    uint desired_eden_length = MAX2(desired_eden_length_by_pause,
-                                    desired_eden_length_by_mmu);
+    uint desired_num_eden_regions = MAX2(desired_num_eden_regions_by_pause,
+                                         desired_num_eden_regions_by_mmu);
 
-    desired_young_length = desired_eden_length + survivor_length;
+    desired_num_young_regions = desired_num_eden_regions + num_survivor_regions;
   } else {
     // The user asked for a fixed young gen so we'll fix the young gen
     // whether the next GC is young or mixed.
-    desired_young_length = min_young_length_by_sizer;
+    desired_num_young_regions = min_num_young_regions_by_sizer;
   }
-  // Clamp to absolute min/max after we determined desired lengths.
-  desired_young_length = clamp(desired_young_length, absolute_min_young_length, absolute_max_young_length);
-
-  log_trace(gc, ergo, heap)("Young desired length %u "
-                            "survivor length %u "
-                            "allocated young length %u "
-                            "absolute min young length %u "
-                            "absolute max young length %u "
-                            "desired eden length by mmu %u "
-                            "desired eden length by pause %u ",
-                            desired_young_length, survivor_length,
-                            allocated_young_length, absolute_min_young_length,
-                            absolute_max_young_length, desired_eden_length_by_mmu,
-                            desired_eden_length_by_pause);
-
-  assert(desired_young_length >= allocated_young_length, "must be");
-  return desired_young_length;
-}
-
-// Limit the desired (wished) young length by current free regions. If the request
+  // Clamp to absolute min/max after we determined desired number of regions.
+  desired_num_young_regions = clamp(desired_num_young_regions, absolute_min_num_young_regions, absolute_max_num_young_regions);
+
+  log_trace(gc, ergo, heap)("Desired young regions %u "
+                            "survivor regions %u "
+                            "allocated young regions %u "
+                            "absolute min young regions %u "
+                            "absolute max young regions %u "
+                            "desired eden regions by mmu %u "
+                            "desired eden regions by pause %u ",
+                            desired_num_young_regions, num_survivor_regions,
+                            allocated_num_young_regions, absolute_min_num_young_regions,
+                            absolute_max_num_young_regions, desired_num_eden_regions_by_mmu,
+                            desired_num_eden_regions_by_pause);
+
+  assert(desired_num_young_regions >= allocated_num_young_regions, "must be");
+  return desired_num_young_regions;
+}
+
+// Limit the desired (wished) number of young regions by current free regions. If the request
 // can be satisfied without using up reserve regions, do so, otherwise eat into
 // the reserve, giving away at most what the heap sizer allows.
-uint G1Policy::calculate_young_target_length(uint desired_young_length, uint min_young_length_by_sizer) const {
-  uint allocated_young_length = _g1h->young_regions_count();
+uint G1Policy::calculate_target_num_young_regions(uint desired_num_young_regions,
+                                                  uint min_num_young_regions_by_sizer) const {
+  uint num_young_regions = _g1h->young_regions_count();
 
   uint receiving_additional_eden;
-  if (allocated_young_length >= desired_young_length) {
+  if (num_young_regions >= desired_num_young_regions) {
     // Already used up all we actually want (may happen as G1 revises the
-    // young list length concurrently). Do not allow more, potentially resulting in GC.
+    // number of young regions concurrently). Do not allow more, potentially resulting in GC.
     receiving_additional_eden = 0;
-    log_trace(gc, ergo, heap)("Young target length: Already used up desired young %u allocated %u",
-                              desired_young_length,
-                              allocated_young_length);
+    log_trace(gc, ergo, heap)("Target young regions: Already used up desired young regions %u allocated young regions %u",
+                              desired_num_young_regions,
+                              num_young_regions);
   } else {
     // Now look at how many free regions are there currently, and the heap reserve.
     // We will try our best not to "eat" into the reserve as long as we can. If we
@@ -336,57 +338,57 @@ uint G1Policy::calculate_young_target_length(uint desired_young_length, uint min
     // The heap reserve needs to be snapshotted for consistent use in the following.
     // It can be concurrently modified by the mutator as it expands the heap. It can
     // only increase at that time, so this is a conservative snapshot. So at worst this
-    // method will return a too small young gen length in that case.
+    // method will return a too small number of young regions in that case.
     uint reserve_regions = _reserve_regions.load_relaxed();
 
-    uint max_to_eat_into_reserve = MIN2(min_young_length_by_sizer,
+    uint max_to_eat_into_reserve = MIN2(min_num_young_regions_by_sizer,
                                         (reserve_regions + 1) / 2);
 
-    log_trace(gc, ergo, heap)("Young target length: Common "
+    log_trace(gc, ergo, heap)("Target young regions: Common "
                               "free regions at end of collection %u "
-                              "desired young length %u "
+                              "desired number of young regions %u "
                               "reserve region %u "
                               "max to eat into reserve %u",
                               _free_regions_at_end_of_collection,
-                              desired_young_length,
+                              desired_num_young_regions,
                               reserve_regions,
                               max_to_eat_into_reserve);
 
     uint survivor_regions_count = _g1h->survivor_regions_count();
-    uint desired_eden_length = desired_young_length - survivor_regions_count;
-    uint allocated_eden_length = allocated_young_length - survivor_regions_count;
+    uint desired_num_eden_regions = desired_num_young_regions - survivor_regions_count;
+    uint num_eden_regions = num_young_regions - survivor_regions_count;
 
     if (_free_regions_at_end_of_collection <= reserve_regions) {
-      // Fully eat (or already eating) into the reserve, hand back at most absolute_min_length regions.
+      // Fully eat (or already eating) into the reserve.
       uint receiving_eden = MIN3(_free_regions_at_end_of_collection,
-                                  desired_eden_length,
-                                  max_to_eat_into_reserve);
+                                 desired_num_eden_regions,
+                                 max_to_eat_into_reserve);
       // Ensure that we provision for at least one Eden region.
       receiving_eden = MAX2(receiving_eden, 1u);
       // We could already have allocated more regions than what we could get
       // above.
-      receiving_additional_eden = allocated_eden_length < receiving_eden ?
-                                  receiving_eden - allocated_eden_length : 0;
+      receiving_additional_eden = num_eden_regions < receiving_eden ?
+                                  receiving_eden - num_eden_regions : 0;
 
-      log_trace(gc, ergo, heap)("Young target length: Fully eat into reserve "
+      log_trace(gc, ergo, heap)("Target young regions: Fully eat into reserve "
                                 "receiving eden %u receiving additional eden %u",
                                 receiving_eden, receiving_additional_eden);
-    } else if (_free_regions_at_end_of_collection < (desired_eden_length + reserve_regions)) {
+    } else if (_free_regions_at_end_of_collection < (desired_num_eden_regions + reserve_regions)) {
       // Partially eat into the reserve, at most max_to_eat_into_reserve regions.
       uint free_outside_reserve = _free_regions_at_end_of_collection - reserve_regions;
-      assert(free_outside_reserve < desired_eden_length,
+      assert(free_outside_reserve < desired_num_eden_regions,
              "must be %u %u",
-             free_outside_reserve, desired_eden_length);
+             free_outside_reserve, desired_num_eden_regions);
 
-      uint receiving_within_reserve = MIN2(desired_eden_length - free_outside_reserve,
+      uint receiving_within_reserve = MIN2(desired_num_eden_regions - free_outside_reserve,
                                            max_to_eat_into_reserve);
       uint receiving_eden = free_outside_reserve + receiving_within_reserve;
 
       // Again, we could have already allocated more than we could get.
-      receiving_additional_eden = allocated_eden_length < receiving_eden ?
-                                  receiving_eden - allocated_eden_length : 0;
+      receiving_additional_eden = num_eden_regions < receiving_eden ?
+                                  receiving_eden - num_eden_regions : 0;
 
-      log_trace(gc, ergo, heap)("Young target length: Partially eat into reserve "
+      log_trace(gc, ergo, heap)("Target young regions: Partially eat into reserve "
                                 "free outside reserve %u "
                                 "receiving within reserve %u "
                                 "receiving eden %u "
@@ -395,116 +397,116 @@ uint G1Policy::calculate_young_target_length(uint desired_young_length, uint min
                                 receiving_eden, receiving_additional_eden);
     } else {
       // No need to use the reserve.
-      receiving_additional_eden = desired_young_length - allocated_young_length;
-      log_trace(gc, ergo, heap)("Young target length: No need to use reserve "
+      receiving_additional_eden = desired_num_young_regions - num_young_regions;
+      log_trace(gc, ergo, heap)("Target young regions: No need to use reserve "
                                 "receiving additional eden %u",
                                 receiving_additional_eden);
     }
   }
 
-  uint target_young_length = allocated_young_length + receiving_additional_eden;
+  uint target_num_young_regions = num_young_regions + receiving_additional_eden;
 
-  assert(target_young_length >= allocated_young_length, "must be");
+  assert(target_num_young_regions >= num_young_regions, "must be");
 
-  log_trace(gc, ergo, heap)("Young target length: "
-                            "young target length %u "
-                            "allocated young length %u "
+  log_trace(gc, ergo, heap)("Target num young regions: "
+                            "target num young regions %u "
+                            "allocated number of young regions %u "
                             "received additional eden %u",
-                            target_young_length, allocated_young_length,
+                            target_num_young_regions, num_young_regions,
                             receiving_additional_eden);
-  return target_young_length;
+  return target_num_young_regions;
 }
 
-uint G1Policy::calculate_desired_eden_length_by_pause(double base_time_ms,
-                                                      uint min_eden_length,
-                                                      uint max_eden_length) const {
+uint G1Policy::calculate_desired_num_eden_regions_by_pause(double base_time_ms,
+                                                           uint min_num_eden_regions,
+                                                           uint max_num_eden_regions) const {
   if (!next_gc_should_be_mixed()) {
-    return calculate_desired_eden_length_before_young_only(base_time_ms,
-                                                           min_eden_length,
-                                                           max_eden_length);
+    return calculate_desired_num_eden_regions_before_young_only(base_time_ms,
+                                                                min_num_eden_regions,
+                                                                max_num_eden_regions);
   } else {
-    return calculate_desired_eden_length_before_mixed(base_time_ms,
-                                                      min_eden_length,
-                                                      max_eden_length);
+    return calculate_desired_num_eden_regions_before_mixed(base_time_ms,
+                                                           min_num_eden_regions,
+                                                           max_num_eden_regions);
   }
 }
 
-uint G1Policy::calculate_desired_eden_length_before_young_only(double base_time_ms,
-                                                               uint min_eden_length,
-                                                               uint max_eden_length) const {
-  assert(use_adaptive_young_list_length(), "pre-condition");
+uint G1Policy::calculate_desired_num_eden_regions_before_young_only(double base_time_ms,
+                                                                    uint min_num_eden_regions,
+                                                                    uint max_num_eden_regions) const {
+  assert(use_adaptive_num_young_regions(), "pre-condition");
 
-  assert(min_eden_length <= max_eden_length, "must be %u %u", min_eden_length, max_eden_length);
+  assert(min_num_eden_regions <= max_num_eden_regions, "must be %u %u", min_num_eden_regions, max_num_eden_regions);
 
-  // Here, we will make sure that the shortest young length that
+  // Here, we will make sure that the smallest number of eden regions that
   // makes sense fits within the target pause time.
 
-  G1YoungLengthPredictor p(base_time_ms,
-                           _free_regions_at_end_of_collection,
-                           _mmu_tracker->max_gc_time() * 1000.0,
-                           this);
-  if (p.will_fit(min_eden_length)) {
-    // The shortest young length will fit into the target pause time;
-    // we'll now check whether the absolute maximum number of young
-    // regions will fit in the target pause time. If not, we'll do
-    // a binary search between min_young_length and max_young_length.
-    if (p.will_fit(max_eden_length)) {
-      // The maximum young length will fit into the target pause time.
-      // We are done so set min young length to the maximum length (as
-      // the result is assumed to be returned in min_young_length).
-      min_eden_length = max_eden_length;
+  G1NumYoungRegionsPredictor p(base_time_ms,
+                               _free_regions_at_end_of_collection,
+                               _mmu_tracker->max_gc_time() * 1000.0,
+                               this);
+  if (p.will_fit(min_num_eden_regions)) {
+    // The smallest number of eden regions will fit into the target pause time;
+    // we'll now check whether the absolute maximum number of young regions will fit
+    // in the target pause time. If not, we'll do a binary search between
+    // min_num_eden_regions and max_num_eden_regions.
+    if (p.will_fit(max_num_eden_regions)) {
+      // The maximum number of eden regions will fit into the target pause time.
+      // We are done, so set min_num_eden_regions to max_num_eden_regions (as the result is
+      // assumed to be returned in min_num_eden_regions).
+      min_num_eden_regions = max_num_eden_regions;
     } else {
-      // The maximum possible number of young regions will not fit within
+      // The maximum possible number of eden regions will not fit within
       // the target pause time so we'll search for the optimal
-      // length. The loop invariants are:
+      // number of eden regions. The loop invariants are:
       //
-      // min_young_length < max_young_length
-      // min_young_length is known to fit into the target pause time
-      // max_young_length is known not to fit into the target pause time
+      // min_num_eden_regions < max_num_eden_regions
+      // min_num_eden_regions is known to fit into the target pause time
+      // max_num_eden_regions is known not to fit into the target pause time
       //
       // Going into the loop we know the above hold as we've just
       // checked them. Every time around the loop we check whether
-      // the middle value between min_young_length and
-      // max_young_length fits into the target pause time. If it
+      // the middle value between min_num_eden_regions and
+      // max_num_eden_regions fits into the target pause time. If it
       // does, it becomes the new min. If it doesn't, it becomes
       // the new max. This way we maintain the loop invariants.
 
-      assert(min_eden_length < max_eden_length, "invariant");
-      uint diff = (max_eden_length - min_eden_length) / 2;
+      precond(min_num_eden_regions < max_num_eden_regions);
+      uint diff = (max_num_eden_regions - min_num_eden_regions) / 2;
       while (diff > 0) {
-        uint eden_length = min_eden_length + diff;
-        if (p.will_fit(eden_length)) {
-          min_eden_length = eden_length;
+        uint num_eden_regions = min_num_eden_regions + diff;
+        if (p.will_fit(num_eden_regions)) {
+          min_num_eden_regions = num_eden_regions;
         } else {
-          max_eden_length = eden_length;
+          max_num_eden_regions = num_eden_regions;
         }
-        assert(min_eden_length <  max_eden_length, "invariant");
-        diff = (max_eden_length - min_eden_length) / 2;
+        postcond(min_num_eden_regions < max_num_eden_regions);
+        diff = (max_num_eden_regions - min_num_eden_regions) / 2;
       }
-      // The results is min_young_length which, according to the
+      // The result is min_num_eden_regions which, according to the
       // loop invariants, should fit within the target pause time.
 
       // These are the post-conditions of the binary search above:
-      assert(min_eden_length < max_eden_length,
-             "otherwise we should have discovered that max_eden_length "
+      assert(min_num_eden_regions < max_num_eden_regions,
+             "otherwise we should have discovered that max_num_eden_regions "
              "fits into the pause target and not done the binary search");
-      assert(p.will_fit(min_eden_length),
-             "min_eden_length, the result of the binary search, should "
+      assert(p.will_fit(min_num_eden_regions),
+             "min_num_eden_regions, the result of the binary search, should "
              "fit into the pause target");
-      assert(!p.will_fit(min_eden_length + 1),
-             "min_eden_length, the result of the binary search, should be "
-             "optimal, so no larger length should fit into the pause target");
+      assert(!p.will_fit(min_num_eden_regions + 1),
+             "min_num_eden_regions, the result of the binary search, should be "
+             "optimal, so no larger number of eden regions should fit into the pause target");
     }
   } else {
-    // Even the minimum length doesn't fit into the pause time
-    // target, return it as the result nevertheless.
+    // Even the minimum number of eden regions does not fit into the target pause time,
+    // return it as the result nevertheless.
   }
-  return min_eden_length;
+  return min_num_eden_regions;
 }
 
-uint G1Policy::calculate_desired_eden_length_before_mixed(double base_time_ms,
-                                                          uint min_eden_length,
-                                                          uint max_eden_length) const {
+uint G1Policy::calculate_desired_num_eden_regions_before_mixed(double base_time_ms,
+                                                               uint min_num_eden_regions,
+                                                               uint max_num_eden_regions) const {
   uint min_marking_candidates = MIN2(calc_min_old_cset_length(candidates()->last_marking_candidates_length()),
                                      candidates()->from_marking_groups().num_regions());
   double predicted_region_evac_time_ms = base_time_ms;
@@ -517,9 +519,9 @@ uint G1Policy::calculate_desired_eden_length_before_mixed(double base_time_ms,
     selected_candidates += gr->length();
   }
 
-  return calculate_desired_eden_length_before_young_only(predicted_region_evac_time_ms,
-                                                         min_eden_length,
-                                                         max_eden_length);
+  return calculate_desired_num_eden_regions_before_young_only(predicted_region_evac_time_ms,
+                                                              min_num_eden_regions,
+                                                              max_num_eden_regions);
 }
 
 double G1Policy::predict_survivor_regions_evac_time() const {
@@ -572,10 +574,10 @@ G1GCPhaseTimes* G1Policy::phase_times() const {
   return _phase_times;
 }
 
-void G1Policy::revise_young_list_target_length(size_t pending_cards, size_t card_rs_length, size_t code_root_rs_length) {
-  guarantee(use_adaptive_young_list_length(), "should not call this otherwise" );
+void G1Policy::revise_target_num_young_regions(size_t pending_cards, size_t card_rs_length, size_t code_root_rs_length) {
+  guarantee(use_adaptive_num_young_regions(), "should not call this otherwise" );
 
-  update_young_length_bounds(pending_cards, card_rs_length, code_root_rs_length);
+  update_young_regions_bounds(pending_cards, card_rs_length, code_root_rs_length);
 }
 
 void G1Policy::record_full_collection_start() {
@@ -601,7 +603,7 @@ void G1Policy::record_full_collection_end(size_t allocation_word_size) {
 
   _free_regions_at_end_of_collection = _g1h->num_free_regions();
   _survivor_surv_rate_group->reset();
-  update_young_length_bounds();
+  update_young_regions_bounds();
 
   record_pause(Pause::Full, start_time_sec, end_sec);
 }
@@ -641,9 +643,9 @@ void G1Policy::record_dirtying_stats(double last_mutator_start_dirty_ms,
                                      double yield_duration_ms,
                                      size_t next_pending_cards_from_gc,
                                      size_t next_to_collection_set_cards) {
-  assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint() || G1ReviseYoungLength_lock->is_locked(),
+  assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint() || G1ReviseNumYoungRegions_lock->is_locked(),
          "must be (at safepoint %s locked %s)",
-         BOOL_TO_STR(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint()), BOOL_TO_STR(G1ReviseYoungLength_lock->is_locked()));
+         BOOL_TO_STR(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint()), BOOL_TO_STR(G1ReviseNumYoungRegions_lock->is_locked()));
   // Record mutator's card logging rate.
 
   // Unlike above for conc-refine rate, here we should not require a
@@ -693,7 +695,7 @@ void G1Policy::record_young_collection_start() {
   record_pause_start_time();
   // We only need to do this here as the policy will only be applied
   // to the GC we're about to start. so, no point is calculating this
-  // every time we calculate / recalculate the target young length.
+  // every time we calculate / recalculate the target number of young regions.
   update_survivors_policy();
 
   assert(max_survivor_regions() + _g1h->num_used_regions() <= _g1h->max_num_regions(),
@@ -992,7 +994,7 @@ G1CollectorState G1Policy::record_young_collection_end(bool concurrent_operation
   // Do not update dynamic IHOP due to G1 periodic collection as it is highly likely
   // that in this case we are not running in a "normal" operating mode.
   if (_g1h->gc_cause() != GCCause::_g1_periodic_collection) {
-    update_young_length_bounds();
+    update_young_regions_bounds();
 
     // Take snapshots of these values here as update_ihop_prediction
     // may complete the concurrent cycle and reset the values.
@@ -1068,11 +1070,11 @@ bool G1Policy::update_ihop_prediction(double mutator_time_s,
   // The second clause prevents skewing the IHOP prediction with (typically) degenerate
   // back-to-back young-gen-size samples.
   if (this_gc_was_young_only && mutator_time_s > min_valid_time) {
-    // IHOP control wants to know the expected young gen length if it were not
-    // restrained by the heap reserve. Using the actual length would make the
+    // IHOP control wants to know the expected number of young regions if it were not
+    // restrained by the heap reserve. Using the current number of regions would make the
     // prediction too small and the limit the young gen every time we get to the
     // predicted target occupancy.
-    size_t young_gen_size = young_list_desired_length() * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes;
+    size_t young_gen_size = desired_num_young_regions() * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes;
 
     _ihop_control->record_expected_young_gen_size(young_gen_size);
     report = true;
@@ -1188,7 +1190,7 @@ double G1Policy::predict_region_code_root_scan_time(G1HeapRegion* hr, bool for_y
 }
 
 bool G1Policy::should_allocate_mutator_region() const {
-  if (_g1h->young_regions_count() < young_list_target_length()) {
+  if (_g1h->young_regions_count() < target_num_young_regions()) {
     return true;
   }
 
@@ -1205,8 +1207,8 @@ bool G1Policy::should_expand_on_mutator_allocation() const {
   return !is_init_completed();
 }
 
-bool G1Policy::use_adaptive_young_list_length() const {
-  return _young_gen_sizer.use_adaptive_young_list_length();
+bool G1Policy::use_adaptive_num_young_regions() const {
+  return _young_gen_sizer.use_adaptive_num_young_regions();
 }
 
 size_t G1Policy::estimate_used_young_bytes_locked() const {
@@ -1231,7 +1233,7 @@ void G1Policy::print_age_table() {
 // Calculates survivor space parameters.
 void G1Policy::update_survivors_policy() {
   double max_survivor_regions_d =
-                 (double)young_list_target_length() / (double) SurvivorRatio;
+                 (double)target_num_young_regions() / (double) SurvivorRatio;
 
   // Calculate desired survivor size based on desired max survivor regions (unconstrained
   // by remaining heap). Otherwise we may cause undesired promotions as we are
@@ -1440,7 +1442,7 @@ bool G1Policy::try_get_available_bytes_estimate(size_t& available_bytes) const {
     size_t used_bytes = estimate_used_young_bytes_locked();
     Heap_lock->unlock();
 
-    size_t young_bytes = young_list_target_length() * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes;
+    size_t young_bytes = target_num_young_regions() * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes;
     available_bytes = young_bytes - MIN2(young_bytes, used_bytes);
     return true;
   } else {
@@ -1532,7 +1534,7 @@ void G1Policy::transfer_survivors_to_cset(const G1SurvivorRegions* survivors) {
   }
   stop_adding_survivor_regions();
 
-  // Don't clear the survivor list handles until the start of
+  // Don't clear the survivor region tracking until the start of
   // the next evacuation pause - we need it in order to re-tag
   // the survivor regions from this evacuation pause as 'young'
   // at the start of the next.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.hpp
index b661daa9a3e..1fa81fe60b6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.hpp
@@ -79,11 +79,11 @@ class G1Policy: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
 
   double _cur_pause_start_sec;
 
-  // Desired young gen length without taking actually available free regions into
+  // Desired number of young regions without taking actually available free regions into
   // account.
-  Atomic<uint> _young_list_desired_length;
-  // Actual target length given available free memory.
-  Atomic<uint> _young_list_target_length;
+  Atomic<uint> _desired_num_young_regions;
+  // Actual target number of young regions given available free memory.
+  Atomic<uint> _target_num_young_regions;
 
   // The survivor rate groups below must be initialized after the predictor because they
   // indirectly use it through the "this" object passed to their constructor.
@@ -193,44 +193,45 @@ class G1Policy: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   // Lazily initialized
   mutable G1GCPhaseTimes* _phase_times;
 
-  // Updates the internal young gen maximum and target and desired lengths.
+  // Updates the internal young gen maximum and target and desired number of young regions.
   // If no parameters are passed, predict pending cards, card set remset length and
   // code root remset length using the prediction model.
-  void update_young_length_bounds();
-  void update_young_length_bounds(size_t pending_cards, size_t card_rs_length, size_t code_root_rs_length);
+  void update_young_regions_bounds();
+  void update_young_regions_bounds(size_t pending_cards, size_t card_rs_length, size_t code_root_rs_length);
 
-  // Calculate and return the minimum desired eden length based on the MMU target.
-  uint calculate_desired_eden_length_by_mmu() const;
+  // Calculate and return the minimum desired number of eden regions based on the MMU target.
+  uint calculate_desired_num_eden_regions_by_mmu() const;
 
-  // Calculate the desired eden length meeting the pause time goal.
-  // Min_eden_length and max_eden_length are the bounds
+  // Calculate the desired number of eden regions meeting the pause time goal.
+  // min_num_eden_regions and max_num_eden_regions are the bounds
   // (inclusive) within which eden can grow.
-  uint calculate_desired_eden_length_by_pause(double base_time_ms,
-                                              uint min_eden_length,
-                                              uint max_eden_length) const;
+  uint calculate_desired_num_eden_regions_by_pause(double base_time_ms,
+                                                   uint min_num_eden_regions,
+                                                   uint max_num_eden_regions) const;
 
-  // Calculate the desired eden length that can fit into the pause time
+  // Calculate the desired number of eden regions that can fit into the pause time
   // goal before young only gcs.
-  uint calculate_desired_eden_length_before_young_only(double base_time_ms,
-                                                       uint min_eden_length,
-                                                       uint max_eden_length) const;
+  uint calculate_desired_num_eden_regions_before_young_only(double base_time_ms,
+                                                            uint min_num_eden_regions,
+                                                            uint max_num_eden_regions) const;
 
-  // Calculates the desired eden length before mixed gc so that after adding the
+  // Calculates the desired number of eden regions before mixed gc so that after adding the
   // minimum amount of old gen regions from the collection set, the eden fits into
   // the pause time goal.
-  uint calculate_desired_eden_length_before_mixed(double base_time_ms,
-                                                  uint min_eden_length,
-                                                  uint max_eden_length) const;
+  uint calculate_desired_num_eden_regions_before_mixed(double base_time_ms,
+                                                       uint min_num_eden_regions,
+                                                       uint max_num_eden_regions) const;
 
-  // Calculate desired young length based on current situation without taking actually
+  // Calculate desired number of young regions based on current situation without taking actually
   // available free regions into account.
-  uint calculate_young_desired_length(size_t pending_cards,
-                                      size_t card_rs_length,
-                                      size_t code_root_rs_length,
-                                      uint min_young_length_by_sizer,
-                                      uint max_young_length_by_sizer) const;
-  // Limit the given desired young length to available free regions.
-  uint calculate_young_target_length(uint desired_young_length, uint min_young_length_by_sizer) const;
+  uint calculate_desired_num_young_regions(size_t pending_cards,
+                                           size_t card_rs_length,
+                                           size_t code_root_rs_length,
+                                           uint min_num_young_regions_by_sizer,
+                                           uint max_num_young_regions_by_sizer) const;
+  // Limit the given desired number of young regions to available free regions.
+  uint calculate_target_num_young_regions(uint desired_num_young_regions,
+                                          uint min_num_young_regions_by_sizer) const;
 
   double predict_survivor_regions_evac_time() const;
   double predict_retained_regions_evac_time() const;
@@ -283,10 +284,10 @@ class G1Policy: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
 
   G1GCPhaseTimes* phase_times() const;
 
-  // Check the current value of the young list RSet length and
+  // Check the current value of the young generation RSet length and
   // compare it against the last prediction. If the current value is
-  // higher, recalculate the young list target length prediction.
-  void revise_young_list_target_length(size_t pending_cards, size_t card_rs_length, size_t code_root_rs_length);
+  // higher, recalculate the target number of young regions prediction.
+  void revise_target_num_young_regions(size_t pending_cards, size_t card_rs_length, size_t code_root_rs_length);
 
   // This should be called after the heap is resized.
   void record_new_heap_size(uint new_number_of_regions);
@@ -347,13 +348,13 @@ class G1Policy: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   // This must be called at the very beginning of an evacuation pause.
   void decide_on_concurrent_start_pause();
 
-  uint young_list_desired_length() const { return _young_list_desired_length.load_relaxed(); }
-  uint young_list_target_length() const { return _young_list_target_length.load_relaxed(); }
+  uint desired_num_young_regions() const { return _desired_num_young_regions.load_relaxed(); }
+  uint target_num_young_regions() const { return _target_num_young_regions.load_relaxed(); }
 
   bool should_allocate_mutator_region() const;
   bool should_expand_on_mutator_allocation() const;
 
-  bool use_adaptive_young_list_length() const;
+  bool use_adaptive_num_young_regions() const;
 
   // Try to get an estimate of the currently available bytes in the young gen. This
   // operation considers itself low-priority: if other threads need the resources
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ReviseYoungLengthTask.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ReviseNumYoungRegionsTask.cpp
similarity index 79%
rename from src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ReviseYoungLengthTask.cpp
rename to src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ReviseNumYoungRegionsTask.cpp
index 2f7acd9b710..71c8d7bf772 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ReviseYoungLengthTask.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ReviseNumYoungRegionsTask.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -24,12 +24,12 @@
 
 #include "gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1Policy.hpp"
-#include "gc/g1/g1ReviseYoungLengthTask.hpp"
+#include "gc/g1/g1ReviseNumYoungRegionsTask.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1ServiceThread.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/suspendibleThreadSet.hpp"
 
 
-jlong G1ReviseYoungLengthTask::reschedule_delay_ms() const {
+jlong G1ReviseNumYoungRegionsTask::reschedule_delay_ms() const {
   G1Policy* policy = G1CollectedHeap::heap()->policy();
   size_t available_bytes;
   if (policy->try_get_available_bytes_estimate(available_bytes)) {
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ jlong G1ReviseYoungLengthTask::reschedule_delay_ms() const {
   }
 }
 
-class G1ReviseYoungLengthTask::RemSetSamplingClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
+class G1ReviseNumYoungRegionsTask::RemSetSamplingClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
   size_t _sampled_code_root_rs_length;
 
 public:
@@ -62,16 +62,16 @@ class G1ReviseYoungLengthTask::RemSetSamplingClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosur
   size_t sampled_code_root_rs_length() const { return _sampled_code_root_rs_length; }
 };
 
-void G1ReviseYoungLengthTask::adjust_young_list_target_length() {
+void G1ReviseNumYoungRegionsTask::adjust_target_num_young_regions() {
   G1CollectedHeap* g1h = G1CollectedHeap::heap();
   G1Policy* policy = g1h->policy();
 
-  assert(policy->use_adaptive_young_list_length(), "should not call otherwise");
+  assert(policy->use_adaptive_num_young_regions(), "should not call otherwise");
 
   size_t pending_cards;
   size_t current_to_collection_set_cards;
   {
-    MutexLocker x(G1ReviseYoungLength_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
+    MutexLocker x(G1ReviseNumYoungRegions_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
     pending_cards = policy->current_pending_cards();
     current_to_collection_set_cards = policy->current_to_collection_set_cards();
   }
@@ -79,18 +79,18 @@ void G1ReviseYoungLengthTask::adjust_young_list_target_length() {
   RemSetSamplingClosure cl;
   g1h->collection_set()->iterate(&cl);
 
-  policy->revise_young_list_target_length(pending_cards,
+  policy->revise_target_num_young_regions(pending_cards,
                                           current_to_collection_set_cards,
                                           cl.sampled_code_root_rs_length());
 }
 
-G1ReviseYoungLengthTask::G1ReviseYoungLengthTask(const char* name) :
+G1ReviseNumYoungRegionsTask::G1ReviseNumYoungRegionsTask(const char* name) :
   G1ServiceTask(name) { }
 
-void G1ReviseYoungLengthTask::execute() {
+void G1ReviseNumYoungRegionsTask::execute() {
   SuspendibleThreadSetJoiner sts;
 
-  adjust_young_list_target_length();
+  adjust_target_num_young_regions();
 
   schedule(reschedule_delay_ms());
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ReviseYoungLengthTask.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ReviseNumYoungRegionsTask.hpp
similarity index 73%
rename from src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ReviseYoungLengthTask.hpp
rename to src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ReviseNumYoungRegionsTask.hpp
index baa8af75fb7..8bc9e256366 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ReviseYoungLengthTask.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ReviseNumYoungRegionsTask.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@
  *
  */
 
-#ifndef SHARE_GC_G1_G1REVISEYOUNGLENGTHTASK_HPP
-#define SHARE_GC_G1_G1REVISEYOUNGLENGTHTASK_HPP
+#ifndef SHARE_GC_G1_G1REVISENUMYOUNGREGIONSTASK_HPP
+#define SHARE_GC_G1_G1REVISENUMYOUNGREGIONSTASK_HPP
 
 #include "gc/g1/g1CardSetMemory.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.hpp"
@@ -32,18 +32,18 @@
 #include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
 #include "utilities/ticks.hpp"
 
-// ServiceTask to revise the young generation target length.
-class G1ReviseYoungLengthTask : public G1ServiceTask {
+// ServiceTask to revise the target number of young regions.
+class G1ReviseNumYoungRegionsTask : public G1ServiceTask {
 
   // The delay used to reschedule this task.
   jlong reschedule_delay_ms() const;
 
   class RemSetSamplingClosure; // Helper class for calculating remembered set summary.
 
-  // Adjust the target length (in regions) of the young gen, based on the
-  // current length of the remembered sets.
+  // Adjust the target number of young regions, based on the
+  // current occupancy of the remembered sets.
   //
-  // At the end of the GC G1 determines the length of the young gen based on
+  // At the end of the GC G1 determines the number of young regions based on
   // how much time the next GC can take, and when the next GC may occur
   // according to the MMU.
   //
@@ -51,13 +51,13 @@ class G1ReviseYoungLengthTask : public G1ServiceTask {
   // the remembered sets (and many other components), so this thread constantly
   // reevaluates the prediction for the remembered set scanning costs, and potentially
   // resizes the young gen. This may do a premature GC or even increase the young
-  // gen size to keep pause time length goal.
-  void adjust_young_list_target_length();
+  // gen size to keep pause time goal.
+  void adjust_target_num_young_regions();
 
 public:
-  explicit G1ReviseYoungLengthTask(const char* name);
+  explicit G1ReviseNumYoungRegionsTask(const char* name);
 
   void execute() override;
 };
 
-#endif // SHARE_GC_G1_G1REVISEYOUNGLENGTHTASK_HPP
\ No newline at end of file
+#endif // SHARE_GC_G1_G1REVISENUMYOUNGREGIONSTASK_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGenSizer.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGenSizer.cpp
index 60c79ec28df..e817ebcab56 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGenSizer.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGenSizer.cpp
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
 
 G1YoungGenSizer::G1YoungGenSizer() : _sizer_kind(SizerDefaults),
-  _use_adaptive_sizing(true), _min_desired_young_length(), _max_desired_young_length(0) {
+  _use_adaptive_sizing(true), _min_desired_num_regions(), _max_desired_num_regions(0) {
 
   precond(!FLAG_IS_ERGO(NewRatio));
   precond(!FLAG_IS_ERGO(NewSize));
@@ -100,16 +100,16 @@ G1YoungGenSizer::G1YoungGenSizer() : _sizer_kind(SizerDefaults),
   }
 
   if (user_specified_NewSize) {
-    _min_desired_young_length.store_relaxed(MAX2((uint)(NewSize / G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes), 1U));
+    _min_desired_num_regions.store_relaxed(MAX2((uint)(NewSize / G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes), 1U));
   }
 
   if (user_specified_MaxNewSize) {
-    _max_desired_young_length.store_relaxed(MAX2((uint)(MaxNewSize / G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes), 1U));
+    _max_desired_num_regions.store_relaxed(MAX2((uint)(MaxNewSize / G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes), 1U));
   }
 
   if (user_specified_NewSize && user_specified_MaxNewSize) {
     _sizer_kind = SizerMaxAndNewSize;
-    _use_adaptive_sizing = min_desired_young_length() != max_desired_young_length();
+    _use_adaptive_sizing = min_desired_num_regions() != max_desired_num_regions();
   } else if (user_specified_NewSize) {
     _sizer_kind = SizerNewSizeOnly;
   } else {
@@ -118,52 +118,52 @@ G1YoungGenSizer::G1YoungGenSizer() : _sizer_kind(SizerDefaults),
   }
 }
 
-uint G1YoungGenSizer::calculate_default_min_length(uint new_number_of_heap_regions) {
+uint G1YoungGenSizer::calculate_default_min_num_regions(uint new_number_of_heap_regions) {
   uint default_value = (new_number_of_heap_regions * G1NewSizePercent) / 100;
   return MAX2(1U, default_value);
 }
 
-uint G1YoungGenSizer::calculate_default_max_length(uint new_number_of_heap_regions) {
+uint G1YoungGenSizer::calculate_default_max_num_regions(uint new_number_of_heap_regions) {
   uint default_value = (new_number_of_heap_regions * G1MaxNewSizePercent) / 100;
   return MAX2(1U, default_value);
 }
 
-void G1YoungGenSizer::recalculate_min_max_young_length(uint number_of_heap_regions, uint* min_young_length, uint* max_young_length) {
+void G1YoungGenSizer::recalculate_min_max_num_regions(uint number_of_heap_regions, uint* min_num_young_regions, uint* max_num_young_regions) {
   assert(number_of_heap_regions > 0, "Heap must be initialized");
 
   switch (_sizer_kind) {
     case SizerDefaults:
-      *min_young_length = calculate_default_min_length(number_of_heap_regions);
-      *max_young_length = calculate_default_max_length(number_of_heap_regions);
+      *min_num_young_regions = calculate_default_min_num_regions(number_of_heap_regions);
+      *max_num_young_regions = calculate_default_max_num_regions(number_of_heap_regions);
       break;
     case SizerNewSizeOnly:
-      *max_young_length = calculate_default_max_length(number_of_heap_regions);
-      *max_young_length = MAX2(*min_young_length, *max_young_length);
+      *max_num_young_regions = calculate_default_max_num_regions(number_of_heap_regions);
+      *max_num_young_regions = MAX2(*min_num_young_regions, *max_num_young_regions);
       break;
     case SizerMaxNewSizeOnly:
-      *min_young_length = calculate_default_min_length(number_of_heap_regions);
-      *min_young_length = MIN2(*min_young_length, *max_young_length);
+      *min_num_young_regions = calculate_default_min_num_regions(number_of_heap_regions);
+      *min_num_young_regions = MIN2(*min_num_young_regions, *max_num_young_regions);
       break;
     case SizerMaxAndNewSize:
       // Do nothing. Values set on the command line, don't update them at runtime.
       break;
     case SizerNewRatio:
-      *min_young_length = MAX2((uint)(number_of_heap_regions / (NewRatio + 1)), 1u);
-      *max_young_length = *min_young_length;
+      *min_num_young_regions = MAX2((uint)(number_of_heap_regions / (NewRatio + 1)), 1u);
+      *max_num_young_regions = *min_num_young_regions;
       break;
     default:
       ShouldNotReachHere();
   }
 
-  assert(*min_young_length <= *max_young_length, "Invalid min/max young gen size values");
+  assert(*min_num_young_regions <= *max_num_young_regions, "Invalid min/max young gen size values");
 }
 
 void G1YoungGenSizer::adjust_max_new_size(uint number_of_heap_regions) {
   // We need to pass the desired values because recalculation may not update these
   // values in some cases.
-  uint unused_new_min = min_desired_young_length();
-  uint new_max = max_desired_young_length();
-  recalculate_min_max_young_length(number_of_heap_regions, &unused_new_min, &new_max);
+  uint unused_new_min = min_desired_num_regions();
+  uint new_max = max_desired_num_regions();
+  recalculate_min_max_num_regions(number_of_heap_regions, &unused_new_min, &new_max);
 
   size_t max_young_size = new_max * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes;
   if (max_young_size != MaxNewSize) {
@@ -172,9 +172,9 @@ void G1YoungGenSizer::adjust_max_new_size(uint number_of_heap_regions) {
 }
 
 void G1YoungGenSizer::heap_size_changed(uint new_number_of_heap_regions) {
-  uint min = min_desired_young_length();
-  uint max = max_desired_young_length();
-  recalculate_min_max_young_length(new_number_of_heap_regions, &min, &max);
-  _min_desired_young_length.store_relaxed(min);
-  _max_desired_young_length.store_relaxed(max);
+  uint min = min_desired_num_regions();
+  uint max = max_desired_num_regions();
+  recalculate_min_max_num_regions(new_number_of_heap_regions, &min, &max);
+  _min_desired_num_regions.store_relaxed(min);
+  _max_desired_num_regions.store_relaxed(max);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGenSizer.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGenSizer.hpp
index c60c3c373a9..ea269f72559 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGenSizer.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGenSizer.hpp
@@ -79,31 +79,31 @@ class G1YoungGenSizer {
   // true otherwise.
   bool _use_adaptive_sizing;
 
-  Atomic<uint> _min_desired_young_length;
-  Atomic<uint> _max_desired_young_length;
+  Atomic<uint> _min_desired_num_regions;
+  Atomic<uint> _max_desired_num_regions;
 
-  uint calculate_default_min_length(uint new_number_of_heap_regions);
-  uint calculate_default_max_length(uint new_number_of_heap_regions);
+  uint calculate_default_min_num_regions(uint new_number_of_heap_regions);
+  uint calculate_default_max_num_regions(uint new_number_of_heap_regions);
 
-  // Update the given values for minimum and maximum young gen length in regions
-  // given the number of heap regions depending on the kind of sizing algorithm.
-  void recalculate_min_max_young_length(uint number_of_heap_regions, uint* min_young_length, uint* max_young_length);
+  // Recalculate the minimum and maximum number of young regions for the
+  // given number of heap regions according to the current sizing algorithm.
+  void recalculate_min_max_num_regions(uint number_of_heap_regions, uint* min_num_young_regions, uint* max_num_young_regions);
 
 public:
   G1YoungGenSizer();
-  // Calculate the maximum length of the young gen given the number of regions
+  // Calculate the maximum size of the young gen given the number of regions
   // depending on the sizing algorithm.
   virtual void adjust_max_new_size(uint number_of_heap_regions);
 
   virtual void heap_size_changed(uint new_number_of_heap_regions);
-  uint min_desired_young_length() const {
-    return _min_desired_young_length.load_relaxed();
+  uint min_desired_num_regions() const {
+    return _min_desired_num_regions.load_relaxed();
   }
-  uint max_desired_young_length() const {
-    return _max_desired_young_length.load_relaxed();
+  uint max_desired_num_regions() const {
+    return _max_desired_num_regions.load_relaxed();
   }
 
-  bool use_adaptive_young_list_length() const {
+  bool use_adaptive_num_young_regions() const {
     return _use_adaptive_sizing;
   }
 };
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/jvmFlagConstraintsG1.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/jvmFlagConstraintsG1.cpp
index df6adeb8041..2ad3500de4a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/jvmFlagConstraintsG1.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/jvmFlagConstraintsG1.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ JVMFlag::Error GCPauseIntervalMillisConstraintFuncG1(uintx value, bool verbose)
 
 JVMFlag::Error NewSizeConstraintFuncG1(size_t value, bool verbose) {
 #ifdef _LP64
-  // Overflow would happen for uint type variable of YoungGenSizer::_min_desired_young_length
+  // Overflow would happen for uint type variable of YoungGenSizer::_min_desired_num_regions
   // when the value to be assigned exceeds uint range.
   // i.e. result of '(uint)(NewSize / region size(1~32MB))'
   // So maximum of NewSize should be 'max_juint * 1M'
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutexLocker.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutexLocker.cpp
index e2473bdfb04..c9fa936f203 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutexLocker.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutexLocker.cpp
@@ -104,8 +104,8 @@ Mutex*   G1MarkStackChunkList_lock    = nullptr;
 Mutex*   G1MarkStackFreeList_lock     = nullptr;
 Monitor* G1OldGCCount_lock            = nullptr;
 Mutex*   G1OldSets_lock               = nullptr;
-Mutex*   G1ReviseYoungLength_lock     = nullptr;
 Mutex*   G1RareEvent_lock             = nullptr;
+Mutex*   G1ReviseNumYoungRegions_lock = nullptr;
 Mutex*   G1Uncommit_lock              = nullptr;
 #endif
 
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ void mutex_init() {
   if (UseG1GC) {
     MUTEX_DEFL(G1OldGCCount_lock            , PaddedMonitor, Threads_lock, true);
     MUTEX_DEFL(G1RareEvent_lock             , PaddedMutex  , Threads_lock, true);
-    MUTEX_DEFL(G1ReviseYoungLength_lock     , PaddedMutex  , Threads_lock, true);
+    MUTEX_DEFL(G1ReviseNumYoungRegions_lock , PaddedMutex  , Threads_lock, true);
   }
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutexLocker.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutexLocker.hpp
index aeee000b377..ae9c5e8a1f1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutexLocker.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutexLocker.hpp
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ extern Mutex*   G1MarkStackFreeList_lock;        // Protects access to the G1 gl
 extern Monitor* G1OldGCCount_lock;               // in support of "concurrent" full gc
 extern Mutex*   G1OldSets_lock;                  // protects the G1 old region sets
 extern Mutex*   G1RareEvent_lock;                // Synchronizes (rare) parallel GC operations.
-extern Mutex*   G1ReviseYoungLength_lock;        // Protects access to young gen length revising operations.
+extern Mutex*   G1ReviseNumYoungRegions_lock;    // Protects access to number of young regions revising operations.
 extern Mutex*   G1Uncommit_lock;                 // protects the G1 uncommit list when not at safepoints
 #endif
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/arguments/TestNewRatioFlag.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/arguments/TestNewRatioFlag.java
index 014181b2fce..6be05def108 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/arguments/TestNewRatioFlag.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/arguments/TestNewRatioFlag.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -167,13 +167,13 @@ public static void verifyG1NewRatio(int expectedRatio) {
             long maxOld = HeapRegionUsageTool.getOldUsage().getMax();
 
             int regionSize = wb.g1RegionSize();
-            int youngListLength = (int) ((initEden + initSurv) / regionSize);
+            int numYoungRegions = (int) ((initEden + initSurv) / regionSize);
             int maxRegions = (int) (maxOld / regionSize);
-            int expectedYoungListLength = (int) (maxRegions / (double) (expectedRatio + 1));
+            int expectedNumYoungRegions = (int) (maxRegions / (double) (expectedRatio + 1));
 
-            if (youngListLength != expectedYoungListLength) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("Expected G1 young list length is: " + expectedYoungListLength
-                        + ", but observed young list length is: " + youngListLength);
+            if (numYoungRegions != expectedNumYoungRegions) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Expected G1 number of young regions is: " + expectedNumYoungRegions
+                        + ", but observed number of young regions is: " + numYoungRegions);
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/arguments/TestSurvivorRatioFlag.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/arguments/TestSurvivorRatioFlag.java
index bdf8186bfaa..36b85e8c09d 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/arguments/TestSurvivorRatioFlag.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/arguments/TestSurvivorRatioFlag.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
          * Depending on selected young GC we verify that:
          * - for DefNew and ParNew: eden_size / survivor_size is close to expectedRatio;
          * - for PSNew:             survivor_size equal to young_gen_size / expectedRatio;
-         * - for G1:                survivor_regions <= young_list_length / expectedRatio.
+         * - for G1:                survivor_regions <= num_young_regions / expectedRatio.
          */
         public static Void verifySurvivorRatio(int expectedRatio) {
             GCTypes.YoungGCType type = GCTypes.YoungGCType.getYoungGCType();
@@ -166,8 +166,8 @@ private static void verifyG1SurvivorRatio(int expectedRatio) {
             MemoryUsage survivorUsage = HeapRegionUsageTool.getSurvivorUsage();
 
             int regionSize = wb.g1RegionSize();
-            int youngListLength = (int) Math.max(NEW_SIZE / regionSize, 1);
-            int expectedSurvivorRegions = (int) Math.ceil(youngListLength / (double) expectedRatio);
+            int numYoungRegions = (int) Math.max(NEW_SIZE / regionSize, 1);
+            int expectedSurvivorRegions = (int) Math.ceil(numYoungRegions / (double) expectedRatio);
             int observedSurvivorRegions = (int) (survivorUsage.getCommitted() / regionSize);
 
             if (expectedSurvivorRegions < observedSurvivorRegions) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/arguments/TestTargetSurvivorRatioFlag.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/arguments/TestTargetSurvivorRatioFlag.java
index 34a221b1025..ca34707bf12 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/arguments/TestTargetSurvivorRatioFlag.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/arguments/TestTargetSurvivorRatioFlag.java
@@ -310,8 +310,8 @@ public static void allocateMemory(double ratio, long maxSize) throws Exception {
          */
         public static long getMaxSurvivorSize() {
             if (GCTypes.YoungGCType.getYoungGCType() == GCTypes.YoungGCType.G1) {
-                int youngLength = (int) Math.max(MAX_NEW_SIZE / wb.g1RegionSize(), 1);
-                return (long) Math.ceil(youngLength / (double) SURVIVOR_RATIO) * wb.g1RegionSize();
+                int numYoungRegions = (int) Math.max(MAX_NEW_SIZE / wb.g1RegionSize(), 1);
+                return (long) Math.ceil(numYoungRegions / (double) SURVIVOR_RATIO) * wb.g1RegionSize();
             } else {
                 return HeapRegionUsageTool.getSurvivorUsage().getMax();
             }

From 5a19e49dc48b9fb2cf480dab890922a2de59d2de Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Chen Liang <liach@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 2026 14:06:19 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 071/707] 8378796: java.lang.runtime bootstrap methods missing
 lookup validation

Reviewed-by: jvernee
---
 .../java/lang/runtime/ObjectMethods.java      | 12 +--
 .../java/lang/runtime/SwitchBootstraps.java   | 16 ++--
 .../java/lang/runtime/package-info.java       | 14 +++-
 .../java/lang/runtime/ObjectMethodsTest.java  |  4 +
 .../lang/runtime/SwitchBootstrapsTest.java    | 75 ++++++++++---------
 5 files changed, 67 insertions(+), 54 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/runtime/ObjectMethods.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/runtime/ObjectMethods.java
index e4b2886404f..922ac651f7e 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/runtime/ObjectMethods.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/runtime/ObjectMethods.java
@@ -479,12 +479,7 @@ private static List<List<MethodHandle>> split(MethodHandle[] getters) {
      * {@link java.lang.Record#toString()}.
      *
      *
-     * @param lookup       Every bootstrap method is expected to have a {@code lookup}
-     *                     which usually represents a lookup context with the
-     *                     accessibility privileges of the caller. This is because
-     *                     {@code invokedynamic} call sites always provide a {@code lookup}
-     *                     to the corresponding bootstrap method, but this method just
-     *                     ignores the {@code lookup} parameter
+     * @param lookup       the full-privilege lookup context of the caller
      * @param methodName   the name of the method to generate, which must be one of
      *                     {@code "equals"}, {@code "hashCode"}, or {@code "toString"}
      * @param type         a {@link MethodType} corresponding the descriptor type
@@ -503,8 +498,6 @@ private static List<List<MethodHandle>> split(MethodHandle[] getters) {
      *                     if invoked by a condy
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the bootstrap arguments are invalid
      *                                  or inconsistent
-     * @throws NullPointerException if any argument is {@code null} or if any element
-     *                              in the {@code getters} array is {@code null}
      * @throws Throwable if any exception is thrown during call site construction
      */
     public static Object bootstrap(MethodHandles.Lookup lookup, String methodName, TypeDescriptor type,
@@ -518,6 +511,9 @@ public static Object bootstrap(MethodHandles.Lookup lookup, String methodName, T
         requireNonNull(names);
         List<MethodHandle> getterList = List.of(getters); // deep null check
 
+        if (!lookup.hasFullPrivilegeAccess())
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unprivileged lookup ".concat(lookup.toString()));
+
         MethodType methodType;
         if (type instanceof MethodType mt)
             methodType = mt;
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/runtime/SwitchBootstraps.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/runtime/SwitchBootstraps.java
index d15e701b94d..c52fc9ec75c 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/runtime/SwitchBootstraps.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/runtime/SwitchBootstraps.java
@@ -169,16 +169,13 @@ private static class StaticHolders {
      * the length of the {@code labels} array (inclusive),
      * both  or an {@link IndexOutOfBoundsException} is thrown.
      *
-     * @param lookup Represents a lookup context with the accessibility
-     *               privileges of the caller.  When used with {@code invokedynamic},
-     *               this is stacked automatically by the VM.
+     * @param lookup the full-privilege lookup context of the caller
      * @param invocationName unused, {@code null} is permitted
      * @param invocationType The invocation type of the {@code CallSite} with two parameters,
      *                       a target type, an {@code int}, and {@code int} as a return type.
      * @param labels case labels as described above
      * @return a {@code CallSite} returning the first matching element as described above
      *
-     * @throws NullPointerException     if any argument is {@code null}, unless noted otherwise
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any element in the labels array is null
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the invocation type is not a method type of first parameter of a target type,
      *                                  second parameter of type {@code int} and with {@code int} as its return type
@@ -198,6 +195,9 @@ public static CallSite typeSwitch(MethodHandles.Lookup lookup,
         requireNonNull(invocationType);
         requireNonNull(labels);
 
+        if (!lookup.hasFullPrivilegeAccess())
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unprivileged lookup ".concat(lookup.toString()));
+
         Class<?> selectorType = invocationType.parameterType(0);
         if (invocationType.parameterCount() != 2
             || (!invocationType.returnType().equals(int.class))
@@ -275,9 +275,7 @@ private static void verifyLabel(Object label, Class<?> selectorType) {
      * @apiNote It is permissible for the {@code labels} array to contain {@code String}
      * values that do not represent any enum constants at runtime.
      *
-     * @param lookup Represents a lookup context with the accessibility
-     *               privileges of the caller. When used with {@code invokedynamic},
-     *               this is stacked automatically by the VM.
+     * @param lookup the full-privilege lookup context of the caller
      * @param invocationName unused, {@code null} is permitted
      * @param invocationType The invocation type of the {@code CallSite} with two parameters,
      *                       an enum type, an {@code int}, and {@code int} as a return type.
@@ -285,7 +283,6 @@ private static void verifyLabel(Object label, Class<?> selectorType) {
      *               in any combination
      * @return a {@code CallSite} returning the first matching element as described above
      *
-     * @throws NullPointerException     if any argument is {@code null}, unless noted otherwise
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any element in the labels array is null
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any element in the labels array is an empty {@code String}
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the invocation type is not a method type
@@ -305,6 +302,9 @@ public static CallSite enumSwitch(MethodHandles.Lookup lookup,
         requireNonNull(invocationType);
         requireNonNull(labels);
 
+        if (!lookup.hasFullPrivilegeAccess())
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unprivileged lookup ".concat(lookup.toString()));
+
         if (invocationType.parameterCount() != 2
             || (!invocationType.returnType().equals(int.class))
             || invocationType.parameterType(0).isPrimitive()
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/runtime/package-info.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/runtime/package-info.java
index 9e19ef9bd7e..e2597e45c34 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/runtime/package-info.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/runtime/package-info.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,8 +26,20 @@
 /**
  * The {@code java.lang.runtime} package provides low-level runtime support
  * for the Java language.
+ * <p>
+ * Unless otherwise specified: <ul>
+ * <li>Methods and constructors in this package throw a {@link
+ *     NullPointerException} when they are called with {@code null} or an array
+ *     that contains {@code null} as an argument.
+ * <li>{@linkplain java.lang.invoke##bsm Bootstrap methods} in this package
+ *     throw an {@link IllegalArgumentException} when they are called with a
+ *     {@link Lookup Lookup} that does not have {@linkplain
+ *     Lookup#hasFullPrivilegeAccess() full privilege access}.
+ * </ul>
  *
  * @since 14
  */
 
 package java.lang.runtime;
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles.Lookup;
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/runtime/ObjectMethodsTest.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/runtime/ObjectMethodsTest.java
index d7ca5912273..56be7008f41 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/runtime/ObjectMethodsTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/runtime/ObjectMethodsTest.java
@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ static class Empty {
     }
 
     static final MethodHandles.Lookup LOOKUP = MethodHandles.lookup();
+    static final MethodHandles.Lookup UNPRIVILEGED_LOOKUP = LOOKUP.dropLookupMode(MethodHandles.Lookup.PRIVATE);
 
     @Test
     public void testEqualsC() throws Throwable {
@@ -184,6 +185,9 @@ void commonExceptions(NamePlusType npt) {
         assertThrows(NPE, () -> ObjectMethods.bootstrap(LOOKUP, null, type, C.class, "x;y", C.ACCESSORS));
         assertThrows(NPE, () -> ObjectMethods.bootstrap(null,   name, type, C.class, "x;y", C.ACCESSORS));
 
+        // Unprivileged lookup
+        assertThrows(IAE, () -> ObjectMethods.bootstrap(UNPRIVILEGED_LOOKUP, name, type, C.class, "x;y", C.ACCESSORS));
+
         // Bad indy call receiver type - change C to this test class
         assertThrows(IAE, () -> ObjectMethods.bootstrap(LOOKUP, name, type.changeParameterType(0, this.getClass()), C.class, "x;y", C.ACCESSORS));
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/runtime/SwitchBootstrapsTest.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/runtime/SwitchBootstrapsTest.java
index 061ce2ae241..76bfe7616f6 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/runtime/SwitchBootstrapsTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/runtime/SwitchBootstrapsTest.java
@@ -42,40 +42,25 @@
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
 
-/**
+/*
  * @test
  * @bug 8318144
  * @enablePreview
  * @compile SwitchBootstrapsTest.java
- * @run junit/othervm SwitchBootstrapsTest
+ * @run junit SwitchBootstrapsTest
  */
 public class SwitchBootstrapsTest {
 
-    public static final MethodHandle BSM_TYPE_SWITCH;
-    public static final MethodHandle BSM_ENUM_SWITCH;
-
-    static {
-        try {
-            BSM_TYPE_SWITCH = MethodHandles.lookup().findStatic(SwitchBootstraps.class, "typeSwitch",
-                                                                MethodType.methodType(CallSite.class, MethodHandles.Lookup.class, String.class, MethodType.class, Object[].class));
-            BSM_ENUM_SWITCH = MethodHandles.lookup().findStatic(SwitchBootstraps.class, "enumSwitch",
-                                                                MethodType.methodType(CallSite.class, MethodHandles.Lookup.class, String.class, MethodType.class, Object[].class));
-        }
-        catch (ReflectiveOperationException e) {
-            throw new AssertionError("Should not happen", e);
-        }
-    }
-
     private void testType(Object target, int start, int result, Object... labels) throws Throwable {
         MethodType switchType = MethodType.methodType(int.class, Object.class, int.class);
-        MethodHandle indy = ((CallSite) BSM_TYPE_SWITCH.invoke(MethodHandles.lookup(), "", switchType, labels)).dynamicInvoker();
+        MethodHandle indy = SwitchBootstraps.typeSwitch(MethodHandles.lookup(), "", switchType, labels).dynamicInvoker();
         assertEquals(result, (int) indy.invoke(target, start));
         assertEquals(-1, (int) indy.invoke(null, start));
     }
 
     private void testPrimitiveType(Object target, Class<?> targetType, int start, int result, Object... labels) throws Throwable {
         MethodType switchType = MethodType.methodType(int.class, targetType, int.class);
-        MethodHandle indy = ((CallSite) BSM_TYPE_SWITCH.invoke(MethodHandles.lookup(), "", switchType, labels)).dynamicInvoker();
+        MethodHandle indy = SwitchBootstraps.typeSwitch(MethodHandles.lookup(), "", switchType, labels).dynamicInvoker();
         assertEquals(result, (int) indy.invoke(target, start));
     }
 
@@ -85,7 +70,7 @@ private void testEnum(Enum<?> target, int start, int result, Object... labels) t
 
     private void testEnum(Class<?> targetClass, Enum<?> target, int start, int result, Object... labels) throws Throwable {
         MethodType switchType = MethodType.methodType(int.class, targetClass, int.class);
-        MethodHandle indy = ((CallSite) BSM_ENUM_SWITCH.invoke(MethodHandles.lookup(), "", switchType, labels)).dynamicInvoker();
+        MethodHandle indy = SwitchBootstraps.enumSwitch(MethodHandles.lookup(), "", switchType, labels).dynamicInvoker();
         assertEquals(result, (int) indy.invoke(target, start));
         assertEquals(-1, (int) indy.invoke(null, start));
     }
@@ -188,7 +173,7 @@ public void testEnums() throws Throwable {
 
         //null invocation name:
         MethodType switchType = MethodType.methodType(int.class, E1.class, int.class);
-        MethodHandle indy = ((CallSite) BSM_ENUM_SWITCH.invoke(MethodHandles.lookup(), null, switchType)).dynamicInvoker();
+        MethodHandle indy = SwitchBootstraps.enumSwitch(MethodHandles.lookup(), null, switchType).dynamicInvoker();
         assertEquals(0, (int) indy.invoke(E1.A, 0));
     }
 
@@ -229,7 +214,7 @@ public void testWrongSwitchTypes() throws Throwable {
         };
         for (MethodType switchType : switchTypes) {
             assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () ->
-                BSM_TYPE_SWITCH.invoke(MethodHandles.lookup(), "", switchType)
+                SwitchBootstraps.typeSwitch(MethodHandles.lookup(), "", switchType)
             );
         }
         MethodType[] enumSwitchTypes = new MethodType[] {
@@ -240,7 +225,7 @@ public void testWrongSwitchTypes() throws Throwable {
         };
         for (MethodType enumSwitchType : enumSwitchTypes) {
             assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () ->
-                BSM_ENUM_SWITCH.invoke(MethodHandles.lookup(), "", enumSwitchType)
+                SwitchBootstraps.enumSwitch(MethodHandles.lookup(), "", enumSwitchType)
             );
         }
     }
@@ -270,23 +255,23 @@ enum E {A, B, C}
     public void testNullLabels() throws Throwable {
         MethodType switchType = MethodType.methodType(int.class, Object.class, int.class);
         assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () ->
-            BSM_TYPE_SWITCH.invoke(MethodHandles.lookup(), "", switchType, (Object[]) null)
+            SwitchBootstraps.typeSwitch(MethodHandles.lookup(), "", switchType, (Object[]) null)
         );
         assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () ->
-            BSM_TYPE_SWITCH.invoke(MethodHandles.lookup(), "", switchType,
+            SwitchBootstraps.typeSwitch(MethodHandles.lookup(), "", switchType,
                     new Object[] {1, null, String.class})
         );
         MethodType enumSwitchType = MethodType.methodType(int.class, E1.class, int.class);
         assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () ->
-            BSM_TYPE_SWITCH.invoke(MethodHandles.lookup(), "", enumSwitchType, (Object[]) null)
+            SwitchBootstraps.typeSwitch(MethodHandles.lookup(), "", enumSwitchType, (Object[]) null)
         );
         assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () ->
-            BSM_TYPE_SWITCH.invoke(MethodHandles.lookup(), "", enumSwitchType,
+            SwitchBootstraps.typeSwitch(MethodHandles.lookup(), "", enumSwitchType,
                     new Object[] {1, null, String.class})
         );
         //null invocationName is OK:
-        BSM_TYPE_SWITCH.invoke(MethodHandles.lookup(), null, switchType,
-                               new Object[] {Object.class});
+        SwitchBootstraps.typeSwitch(MethodHandles.lookup(), null, switchType,
+                Object.class);
     }
 
     private static AtomicBoolean enumInitialized = new AtomicBoolean();
@@ -304,7 +289,7 @@ enum E {
 
         MethodType enumSwitchType = MethodType.methodType(int.class, E.class, int.class);
 
-        CallSite invocation = (CallSite) BSM_ENUM_SWITCH.invoke(MethodHandles.lookup(), "", enumSwitchType, new Object[] {"A"});
+        CallSite invocation = SwitchBootstraps.enumSwitch(MethodHandles.lookup(), "", enumSwitchType, "A");
         assertFalse(enumInitialized.get());
         assertEquals(-1, invocation.dynamicInvoker().invoke(null, 0));
         assertFalse(enumInitialized.get());
@@ -330,7 +315,7 @@ enum E {
             EnumDesc.of(ClassDesc.of(E.class.getName()), "A"),
             "test"
         };
-        CallSite invocation = (CallSite) BSM_TYPE_SWITCH.invoke(MethodHandles.lookup(), "", switchType, labels);
+        CallSite invocation = (CallSite) SwitchBootstraps.typeSwitch(MethodHandles.lookup(), "", switchType, labels);
         assertFalse(enumInitialized.get());
         assertEquals(-1, invocation.dynamicInvoker().invoke(null, 0));
         assertFalse(enumInitialized.get());
@@ -402,21 +387,37 @@ private static byte[] createClass() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testNullLookup() throws Throwable {
+    public void testNullLookup() {
         assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> {
             MethodType switchType = MethodType.methodType(int.class, Object.class, int.class);
-            BSM_TYPE_SWITCH.invoke(null, "", switchType, Object.class);
+            SwitchBootstraps.typeSwitch(null, "", switchType, Object.class);
         });
         enum E {}
         assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> {
             MethodType switchType = MethodType.methodType(int.class, E.class, int.class);
-            BSM_ENUM_SWITCH.invoke(null, "", switchType,
-                    new Object[] {});
+            SwitchBootstraps.enumSwitch(null, "", switchType);
         });
         assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> {
             MethodType switchType = MethodType.methodType(int.class, E.class, int.class);
-            BSM_ENUM_SWITCH.invoke(null, "", switchType,
-                    new Object[] {"A"});
+            SwitchBootstraps.enumSwitch(null, "", switchType, "A");
+        });
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testUnprivilegedLookup() {
+        var lookup = MethodHandles.lookup().dropLookupMode(MethodHandles.Lookup.PRIVATE);
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> {
+            MethodType switchType = MethodType.methodType(int.class, Object.class, int.class);
+            SwitchBootstraps.typeSwitch(lookup, "", switchType, Object.class);
+        });
+        enum E {}
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> {
+            MethodType switchType = MethodType.methodType(int.class, E.class, int.class);
+            SwitchBootstraps.enumSwitch(lookup, "", switchType);
+        });
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> {
+            MethodType switchType = MethodType.methodType(int.class, E.class, int.class);
+            SwitchBootstraps.enumSwitch(lookup, "", switchType, "A");
         });
     }
 }

From b5fba9428e24b34dc26c3642c9f28593ab7bdd39 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Benjamin Peterson <bpeterson@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 2026 14:49:17 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 072/707] 8387148: Linux perf map should record individual
 vtable trampolines

Reviewed-by: adinn, ysuenaga
---
 src/hotspot/share/code/codeCache.cpp          | 12 +++++++++--
 src/hotspot/share/code/vtableStubs.cpp        | 11 +---------
 src/hotspot/share/code/vtableStubs.hpp        | 21 +++++++++++++++----
 .../dcmd/compiler/PerfMapTest.java            |  6 ++++++
 4 files changed, 34 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/codeCache.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/codeCache.cpp
index 6f3a1b09c48..f1ca317d36f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/codeCache.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/codeCache.cpp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "code/dependencyContext.hpp"
 #include "code/nmethod.hpp"
 #include "code/pcDesc.hpp"
+#include "code/vtableStubs.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compilationPolicy.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compileBroker.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compilerDefinitions.inline.hpp"
@@ -1971,8 +1972,8 @@ void CodeCache::write_perf_map(const char* filename, outputStream* st) {
   AllCodeBlobsIterator iter(AllCodeBlobsIterator::not_unloading);
   while (iter.next()) {
     CodeBlob *cb = iter.method();
-    if (is_stub_code_blob(cb)) {
-      // Individual stub routines are dumped after the main loop.
+    if (is_stub_code_blob(cb) || cb->is_vtable_blob()) {
+      // Individual stub routines and vtable stubs are dumped after the main loop.
       continue;
     }
     ResourceMark rm;
@@ -1991,6 +1992,13 @@ void CodeCache::write_perf_map(const char* filename, outputStream* st) {
                 (intptr_t)d->begin(), (intptr_t)d->size_in_bytes(),
                 d->group(), d->name());
   }
+  VtableStubs::vtable_stub_do([&](VtableStub* s) {
+    fs.print_cr(INTPTR_FORMAT " " INTPTR_FORMAT " %s [%d]",
+                (intptr_t)s->code_begin(),
+                (intptr_t)s->code_size(),
+                s->is_vtable_stub() ? "vtable stub" : "itable stub",
+                s->index());
+  });
 }
 #endif // LINUX
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/vtableStubs.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/vtableStubs.cpp
index 35b226a8798..df3e80bea41 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/vtableStubs.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/vtableStubs.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -319,15 +319,6 @@ void vtableStubs_init() {
   VtableStubs::initialize();
 }
 
-void VtableStubs::vtable_stub_do(void f(VtableStub*)) {
-  for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
-    for (VtableStub* s = AtomicAccess::load_acquire(&_table[i]); s != nullptr; s = s->next()) {
-      f(s);
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Non-product code
 #ifndef PRODUCT
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/vtableStubs.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/vtableStubs.hpp
index 06acd8f25b9..fd06bf7c647 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/vtableStubs.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/vtableStubs.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "asm/macroAssembler.hpp"
 #include "code/vmreg.hpp"
 #include "memory/allStatic.hpp"
+#include "runtime/atomicAccess.hpp"
 #include "utilities/checkedCast.hpp"
 
 // A VtableStub holds an individual code stub for a pair (vtable index, #args) for either itables or vtables
@@ -111,7 +112,9 @@ class VtableStubs : AllStatic {
   static bool        contains(address pc);                           // is pc within any stub?
   static VtableStub* stub_containing(address pc);                    // stub containing pc or nullptr
   static void        initialize();
-  static void        vtable_stub_do(void f(VtableStub*));            // iterates over all vtable stubs
+
+  template <typename F>
+  static void vtable_stub_do(F f);
 };
 
 
@@ -142,13 +145,14 @@ class VtableStub {
         : _next(nullptr), _index(index), _ame_offset(-1), _npe_offset(-1),
           _type(is_vtable_stub ? Type::vtable_stub : Type::itable_stub) {}
   VtableStub* next() const                       { return _next; }
-  int index() const                              { return _index; }
   static VMReg receiver_location()               { return _receiver_location; }
   void set_next(VtableStub* n)                   { _next = n; }
 
  public:
+  int index() const                              { return _index; }
+  int code_size() const                          { return VtableStubs::code_size_limit(is_vtable_stub()); }
   address code_begin() const                     { return (address)(this + 1); }
-  address code_end() const                       { return code_begin() + VtableStubs::code_size_limit(is_vtable_stub()); }
+  address code_end() const                       { return code_begin() + code_size(); }
   address entry_point() const                    { return code_begin(); }
   static int entry_offset()                      { return sizeof(class VtableStub); }
 
@@ -189,4 +193,13 @@ class VtableStub {
 
 };
 
+template <typename F>
+void VtableStubs::vtable_stub_do(F f) {
+  for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+    for (VtableStub* s = AtomicAccess::load_acquire(&_table[i]); s != nullptr; s = s->next()) {
+      f(s);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 #endif // SHARE_CODE_VTABLESTUBS_HPP
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/dcmd/compiler/PerfMapTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/dcmd/compiler/PerfMapTest.java
index 11e43b8d630..f93bfb8b3a3 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/dcmd/compiler/PerfMapTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/dcmd/compiler/PerfMapTest.java
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ public void run(CommandExecutor executor, String cmd, Path path) {
 
         // Sanity check the file contents
         boolean sawCallStub = false;
+        boolean sawVtableStub = false;
         try {
             for (String entry : Files.readAllLines(path)) {
                 Matcher m = LINE_PATTERN.matcher(entry);
@@ -82,12 +83,17 @@ public void run(CommandExecutor executor, String cmd, Path path) {
                 if (m.group(3).contains("StubRoutines call_stub")) {
                     sawCallStub = true;
                 }
+                if (m.group(3).contains("vtable stub [")) {
+                    sawVtableStub = true;
+                }
             }
         } catch (IOException e) {
             Assert.fail(e.toString());
         }
         Assert.assertTrue(sawCallStub,
                           "Expected StubRoutines call_stub entry in " + path);
+        Assert.assertTrue(sawVtableStub,
+                          "Expected vtable stub entry in " + path);
     }
 
     @Test

From a9fa4999459ee44bc9318db903f99a71bc6c3943 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ashay Rane <arane@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 2026 15:47:12 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 073/707] 8387044: test/jdk/javax/script/CommonSetup.sh
 incorrectly sets isCygwin=true for MSys/MinGW

Reviewed-by: jpai, syan
---
 .../lang/instrument/appendToClassLoaderSearch/CommonSetup.sh  | 4 ++--
 test/jdk/javax/script/CommonSetup.sh                          | 4 ++--
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/appendToClassLoaderSearch/CommonSetup.sh b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/appendToClassLoaderSearch/CommonSetup.sh
index f2412a92a43..af2f3f8b3f1 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/appendToClassLoaderSearch/CommonSetup.sh
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/appendToClassLoaderSearch/CommonSetup.sh
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2005, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ case "$OS" in
     OS="Windows"
     FS="\\"
     ;;
-  CYGWIN* | MSYS* | MINGW*)
+  CYGWIN*)
     PS=";"
     OS="Windows"
     FS="\\"
diff --git a/test/jdk/javax/script/CommonSetup.sh b/test/jdk/javax/script/CommonSetup.sh
index 4b59f9cbbc7..363d679df54 100644
--- a/test/jdk/javax/script/CommonSetup.sh
+++ b/test/jdk/javax/script/CommonSetup.sh
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2005, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ case "$OS" in
     OS="Windows"
     FS="\\"
     ;;
-  CYGWIN* | MSYS* | MINGW* )
+  CYGWIN* )
     PS=";"
     OS="Windows"
     FS="\\"

From da7bde5f14b75259d20c80021f83e6f95cf2049d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 2026 17:43:51 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 074/707] 8385643: Shenandoah: Rework mark loop inlining

Reviewed-by: rkennke, xpeng, wkemper
---
 make/hotspot/lib/JvmOverrideFiles.gmk         |  4 --
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahClosures.hpp      | 10 +++--
 .../shenandoah/shenandoahClosures.inline.hpp  |  3 +-
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.hpp    | 39 ++++++++++++-------
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.inline.hpp   | 22 ++++++-----
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMarkBitMap.hpp    |  6 ++-
 .../shenandoah/shenandoahMarkingContext.hpp   |  7 +++-
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahTaskqueue.hpp     |  6 ++-
 .../shenandoah/shenandoahTaskqueue.inline.hpp |  2 +-
 9 files changed, 59 insertions(+), 40 deletions(-)

diff --git a/make/hotspot/lib/JvmOverrideFiles.gmk b/make/hotspot/lib/JvmOverrideFiles.gmk
index 80f3582043c..b417cc19b03 100644
--- a/make/hotspot/lib/JvmOverrideFiles.gmk
+++ b/make/hotspot/lib/JvmOverrideFiles.gmk
@@ -33,10 +33,6 @@ ifeq ($(INCLUDE), true)
 
 ifeq ($(TOOLCHAIN_TYPE), gcc)
   BUILD_LIBJVM_vmStructs.cpp_CXXFLAGS := -fno-var-tracking-assignments
-  ifeq ($(DEBUG_LEVEL), release)
-    # Need extra inlining to collapse shared marking code into the hot marking loop
-    BUILD_LIBJVM_shenandoahMark.cpp_CXXFLAGS := --param inline-unit-growth=1000
-  endif
   # disable lto in g1ParScanThreadState because of special inlining/flattening used there
   ifeq ($(call check-jvm-feature, link-time-opt), true)
     BUILD_LIBJVM_g1ParScanThreadState.cpp_CXXFLAGS := -fno-lto
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahClosures.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahClosures.hpp
index 976a505c713..eb40dfbd31d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahClosures.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahClosures.hpp
@@ -95,14 +95,18 @@ template <ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION>
 class ShenandoahMarkRefsClosure : public ShenandoahMarkRefsSuperClosure {
 private:
   template <class T>
-  inline void do_oop_work(T* p)     { work<T, GENERATION>(p); }
+  ALWAYSINLINE
+  void do_oop_work(T* p) { work<T, GENERATION>(p); }
 
 public:
   ShenandoahMarkRefsClosure(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, ShenandoahReferenceProcessor* rp, ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* old_q) :
           ShenandoahMarkRefsSuperClosure(q, rp, old_q) {};
 
-  virtual void do_oop(narrowOop* p) { do_oop_work(p); }
-  virtual void do_oop(oop* p)       { do_oop_work(p); }
+  ALWAYSINLINE
+  void do_oop(narrowOop* p) override { do_oop_work(p); }
+
+  ALWAYSINLINE
+  void do_oop(oop* p) override { do_oop_work(p); }
 };
 
 class ShenandoahForwardedIsAliveClosure : public BoolObjectClosure {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahClosures.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahClosures.inline.hpp
index 83aede5b7d9..0f2a5b48d84 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahClosures.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahClosures.inline.hpp
@@ -77,7 +77,8 @@ ShenandoahMarkRefsSuperClosure::ShenandoahMarkRefsSuperClosure(ShenandoahObjToSc
         _weak(false) {}
 
 template<class T, ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION>
-inline void ShenandoahMarkRefsSuperClosure::work(T* p) {
+ALWAYSINLINE
+void ShenandoahMarkRefsSuperClosure::work(T* p) {
   ShenandoahMark::mark_through_ref<T, GENERATION>(p, _queue, _old_queue, _mark_context, _weak);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.hpp
index ee29c76dcaf..1ba2cd067b6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.hpp
@@ -51,7 +51,8 @@ class ShenandoahMark: public StackObj {
 
 public:
   template<class T, ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION>
-  static inline void mark_through_ref(T* p, ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* old_q, ShenandoahMarkingContext* const mark_context, bool weak);
+  ALWAYSINLINE
+  static void mark_through_ref(T* p, ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* old_q, ShenandoahMarkingContext* const mark_context, bool weak);
 
   // Loom support
   void start_mark();
@@ -72,34 +73,42 @@ class ShenandoahMark: public StackObj {
 // ---------- Marking loop and tasks
 
   template <class T, ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION, bool STRING_DEDUP>
-  inline void do_task(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, ShenandoahLiveData* live_data, StringDedup::Requests* const req, ShenandoahMarkTask* task, uint worker_id);
+  ALWAYSINLINE
+  static void do_task(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, ShenandoahLiveData* live_data, StringDedup::Requests* const req, ShenandoahMarkTask* task, uint worker_id);
 
   template <class T>
-  inline void do_chunked_array_start(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, oop array, Klass* klass, bool weak);
+  ALWAYSINLINE
+  static void do_chunked_array_start(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, oop array, Klass* klass, bool weak);
 
   template <class T>
-  inline void do_chunked_array(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, oop array, int chunk, int pow, bool weak);
+  ALWAYSINLINE
+  static void do_chunked_array(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, oop array, int chunk, int pow, bool weak);
 
   template <ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION>
-  inline void count_liveness(ShenandoahLiveData* live_data, oop obj, Klass* klass, uint worker_id);
-
-  template <class T, ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION, bool CANCELLABLE, bool STRING_DEDUP>
-  void mark_loop_work(T* cl, ShenandoahLiveData* live_data, uint worker_id, TaskTerminator *t, StringDedup::Requests* const req);
-
-  template <ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION, bool CANCELLABLE, bool STRING_DEDUP>
-  void mark_loop_prework(uint worker_id, TaskTerminator *terminator, StringDedup::Requests* const req, bool update_refs);
+  ALWAYSINLINE
+  static void count_liveness(ShenandoahLiveData* live_data, oop obj, Klass* klass, uint worker_id);
 
   template <ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION>
+  ALWAYSINLINE
   static bool in_generation(ShenandoahHeap* const heap, oop obj);
 
   template <class T>
+  ALWAYSINLINE
   static void mark_non_generational_ref(T *p, ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, ShenandoahMarkingContext* const mark_context, bool weak);
 
-  static void mark_ref(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q,
-                       ShenandoahMarkingContext* const mark_context,
-                       bool weak, oop obj);
+  ALWAYSINLINE
+  static void mark_ref(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, ShenandoahMarkingContext* const mark_context, bool weak, oop obj);
+
+  ALWAYSINLINE
+  static void dedup_string(oop obj, StringDedup::Requests* const req);
+
+  template <ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION, bool CANCELLABLE, bool STRING_DEDUP>
+  void mark_loop_prework(uint worker_id, TaskTerminator *terminator, StringDedup::Requests* const req, bool update_refs);
+
+  template <class T, ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION, bool CANCELLABLE, bool STRING_DEDUP>
+  NOINLINE // Main hot loop, start inlining from here
+  void mark_loop_work(T* cl, ShenandoahLiveData* live_data, uint worker_id, TaskTerminator *t, StringDedup::Requests* const req);
 
-  static inline void dedup_string(oop obj, StringDedup::Requests* const req);
 protected:
   template<bool CANCELLABLE, bool STRING_DEDUP>
   void mark_loop(uint worker_id, TaskTerminator* terminator, ShenandoahGenerationType generation_type,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.inline.hpp
index 71ef99b17ac..72129ff9e14 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.inline.hpp
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ void ShenandoahMark::do_task(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, ShenandoahLiveD
   }
 }
 
-void ShenandoahMark::dedup_string(oop obj, StringDedup::Requests* const req) {
+inline void ShenandoahMark::dedup_string(oop obj, StringDedup::Requests* const req) {
   assert(req != nullptr, "Should be available if dedup is enabled");
 
   // Skip if already requested or dedup is forbidden.
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ void ShenandoahMark::dedup_string(oop obj, StringDedup::Requests* const req) {
 }
 
 template <ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION>
-inline void ShenandoahMark::count_liveness(ShenandoahLiveData* live_data, oop obj, Klass* klass, uint worker_id) {
+void ShenandoahMark::count_liveness(ShenandoahLiveData* live_data, oop obj, Klass* klass, uint worker_id) {
   const ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   const size_t region_idx = heap->heap_region_index_containing(obj);
   ShenandoahHeapRegion* const region = heap->get_region(region_idx);
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ inline void ShenandoahMark::count_liveness(ShenandoahLiveData* live_data, oop ob
 }
 
 template <class T>
-inline void ShenandoahMark::do_chunked_array_start(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, oop obj, Klass* klass, bool weak) {
+void ShenandoahMark::do_chunked_array_start(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, oop obj, Klass* klass, bool weak) {
   assert(obj->is_objArray(), "expect object array");
   objArrayOop array = objArrayOop(obj);
   int len = array->length();
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ inline void ShenandoahMark::do_chunked_array_start(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q,
 }
 
 template <class T>
-inline void ShenandoahMark::do_chunked_array(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, oop obj, int chunk, int pow, bool weak) {
+void ShenandoahMark::do_chunked_array(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, oop obj, int chunk, int pow, bool weak) {
   assert(obj->is_objArray(), "expect object array");
   objArrayOop array = objArrayOop(obj);
 
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ bool ShenandoahMark::in_generation(ShenandoahHeap* const heap, oop obj) {
 }
 
 template<class T, ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION>
-inline void ShenandoahMark::mark_through_ref(T *p, ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* old_q, ShenandoahMarkingContext* const mark_context, bool weak) {
+void ShenandoahMark::mark_through_ref(T *p, ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* old_q, ShenandoahMarkingContext* const mark_context, bool weak) {
   // Note: This is a very hot code path, so the code should be conditional on GENERATION template
   // parameter where possible, in order to generate the most efficient code.
 
@@ -327,17 +327,19 @@ inline void ShenandoahMark::mark_through_ref(T *p, ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q,
 }
 
 template<>
-inline void ShenandoahMark::mark_through_ref<oop, ShenandoahGenerationType::NON_GEN>(oop *p, ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* old_q, ShenandoahMarkingContext* const mark_context, bool weak) {
+ALWAYSINLINE
+void ShenandoahMark::mark_through_ref<oop, ShenandoahGenerationType::NON_GEN>(oop *p, ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* old_q, ShenandoahMarkingContext* const mark_context, bool weak) {
   mark_non_generational_ref(p, q, mark_context, weak);
 }
 
 template<>
-inline void ShenandoahMark::mark_through_ref<narrowOop, ShenandoahGenerationType::NON_GEN>(narrowOop *p, ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* old_q, ShenandoahMarkingContext* const mark_context, bool weak) {
+ALWAYSINLINE
+void ShenandoahMark::mark_through_ref<narrowOop, ShenandoahGenerationType::NON_GEN>(narrowOop *p, ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* old_q, ShenandoahMarkingContext* const mark_context, bool weak) {
   mark_non_generational_ref(p, q, mark_context, weak);
 }
 
 template<class T>
-inline void ShenandoahMark::mark_non_generational_ref(T* p, ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q,
+void ShenandoahMark::mark_non_generational_ref(T* p, ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q,
                                                       ShenandoahMarkingContext* const mark_context, bool weak) {
   oop o = RawAccess<>::oop_load(p);
   if (!CompressedOops::is_null(o)) {
@@ -353,8 +355,8 @@ inline void ShenandoahMark::mark_non_generational_ref(T* p, ShenandoahObjToScanQ
 }
 
 inline void ShenandoahMark::mark_ref(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q,
-                              ShenandoahMarkingContext* const mark_context,
-                              bool weak, oop obj) {
+                                     ShenandoahMarkingContext* const mark_context,
+                                     bool weak, oop obj) {
   bool skip_live = false;
   bool marked;
   if (weak) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMarkBitMap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMarkBitMap.hpp
index 73bf3ecbeea..177d953d4f3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMarkBitMap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMarkBitMap.hpp
@@ -160,13 +160,15 @@ class ShenandoahMarkBitMap {
   // strong.
   // Words that have been marked final before or by a concurrent thread will be
   // upgraded to strong. In this case, this method also returns true.
-  inline bool mark_strong(HeapWord* w, bool& was_upgraded);
+  ALWAYSINLINE
+  bool mark_strong(HeapWord* w, bool& was_upgraded);
 
   // Mark word as 'weak' if it hasn't been marked weak or strong yet.
   // Return true if the word has been marked weak, false if it has already been
   // marked strong or weak or if another thread has beat us by marking it
   // strong or weak.
-  inline bool mark_weak(HeapWord* heap_addr);
+  ALWAYSINLINE
+  bool mark_weak(HeapWord* heap_addr);
 
   inline bool is_marked(HeapWord* addr) const;
   inline bool is_marked_strong(HeapWord* w)  const;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMarkingContext.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMarkingContext.hpp
index d8e0c74ea4e..870a81e4588 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMarkingContext.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMarkingContext.hpp
@@ -55,8 +55,11 @@ class ShenandoahMarkingContext : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
    * been marked by this thread. Returns false if the object has already been marked,
    * or if a competing thread succeeded in marking this object.
    */
-  inline bool mark_strong(oop obj, bool& was_upgraded);
-  inline bool mark_weak(oop obj);
+  ALWAYSINLINE
+  bool mark_strong(oop obj, bool& was_upgraded);
+
+  ALWAYSINLINE
+  bool mark_weak(oop obj);
 
   // Simple versions of marking accessors, to be used outside of marking (e.g. no possible concurrent updates)
   inline bool is_marked(oop obj) const;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahTaskqueue.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahTaskqueue.hpp
index ad4e29a5cc2..7bdf2d27349 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahTaskqueue.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahTaskqueue.hpp
@@ -49,10 +49,12 @@ class BufferedOverflowTaskQueue: public OverflowTaskQueue<E, MT, N>
   TASKQUEUE_STATS_ONLY(using taskqueue_t::stats;)
 
   // Push task t into the queue. Returns true on success.
-  inline bool push(E t);
+  ALWAYSINLINE
+  bool push(E t);
 
   // Attempt to pop from the queue. Returns true on success.
-  inline bool pop(E &t);
+  ALWAYSINLINE
+  bool pop(E &t);
 
   inline void clear();
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahTaskqueue.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahTaskqueue.inline.hpp
index 9fa4fabc1c7..0f01425f3e9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahTaskqueue.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahTaskqueue.inline.hpp
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ bool BufferedOverflowTaskQueue<E, MT, N>::pop(E &t) {
 }
 
 template <class E, MemTag MT, unsigned int N>
-inline bool BufferedOverflowTaskQueue<E, MT, N>::push(E t) {
+bool BufferedOverflowTaskQueue<E, MT, N>::push(E t) {
   if (_buf_empty) {
     _elem = t;
     _buf_empty = false;

From 892c881258280e08273cafc5c111ac50388200fc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Justin Lu <jlu@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 2026 18:08:00 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 075/707] 8387253: Locale incorrectly accepts extlangs after
 non 2*3ALPHA lang

Reviewed-by: naoto
---
 .../classes/sun/util/locale/LanguageTag.java     |  9 ++++++---
 test/jdk/java/util/Locale/LocaleEnhanceTest.java | 16 +++++++++++++++-
 2 files changed, 21 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/LanguageTag.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/LanguageTag.java
index bdbbc5eec2d..5ce62a275cc 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/LanguageTag.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/LanguageTag.java
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ public static LanguageTag parse(String languageTag, ParsePosition pp,
         List<String> extensions;
         // langtag must start with either language or privateuse
         if (!language.isEmpty()) {
-            extlangs = parseExtlangs(itr, pp);
+            extlangs = parseExtlangs(itr, pp, language);
             script = parseScript(itr, pp);
             region = parseRegion(itr, pp);
             variants = parseVariants(itr, pp);
@@ -170,8 +170,11 @@ private static String parseLanguage(StringTokenIterator itr, ParsePosition pp) {
         return EMPTY_SUBTAG;
     }
 
-    private static List<String> parseExtlangs(StringTokenIterator itr, ParsePosition pp) {
-        if (itr.isDone() || pp.getErrorIndex() != -1) {
+    private static List<String> parseExtlangs(StringTokenIterator itr, ParsePosition pp, String lang) {
+        var langLen = lang.length();
+        if (itr.isDone() || pp.getErrorIndex() != -1
+                // Extlangs only accepted after 2*3ALPHA lang
+                || (langLen != 2 && langLen != 3)) {
             return EMPTY_SUBTAGS;
         }
         List<String> extlangs = null;
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Locale/LocaleEnhanceTest.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Locale/LocaleEnhanceTest.java
index 1e38f0b887a..3fe3745034d 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Locale/LocaleEnhanceTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Locale/LocaleEnhanceTest.java
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.EmptySource;
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.NullSource;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ValueSource;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertDoesNotThrow;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 6875847 6992272 7002320 7015500 7023613 7032820 7033504 7004603
  *      7044019 8008577 8176853 8255086 8263202 8287868 8174269 8369452
- *      8369590 8387185
+ *      8369590 8387185 8387253
  * @summary test API changes to Locale
  * @modules jdk.localedata
  * @run junit/othervm -esa LocaleEnhanceTest
@@ -1396,6 +1397,19 @@ public void numericSingletonRoundTripTest() {
         assertEquals(tag, locale.toLanguageTag());
     }
 
+    // Ensure that extlang is only accepted after a 2*3ALPHA language subtag
+    // That is, the 4 ALPHA and 5*8 ALPHA language subtags should not accept extlangs
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @ValueSource(strings = {"quux", "foobar"})
+    public void testExtlangAfterReservedLanguage(String lang) {
+        String tag = lang + "-baz";
+        // Locale.forLanguageTag is lenient and truncates the extlang
+        assertEquals(lang, Locale.forLanguageTag(tag).toLanguageTag());
+        // Locale.Builder is strict and should throw
+        assertThrows(IllformedLocaleException.class,
+                () -> new Builder().setLanguageTag(tag));
+    }
+
     private void checkCalendar(Locale loc, String expected) {
         Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance(loc);
         assertEquals(expected, cal.getClass().getName(), "Wrong calendar");

From a34314dd79db0dd8ec1e7a5267762760bf5b0711 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Xiaolong Peng <xpeng@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 2026 21:52:19 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 076/707] 8387260: Shenandoah:
 ShenandoahOldGeneration::_promoted_reserve should be atomic

Reviewed-by: shade, kdnilsen, ruili, wkemper
---
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp    | 10 +++++++---
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp    |  2 +-
 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp
index 0a0beaaffee..c92f74364fb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp
@@ -132,16 +132,18 @@ ShenandoahOldGeneration::ShenandoahOldGeneration(uint max_queues)
 
 void ShenandoahOldGeneration::set_promoted_reserve(size_t new_val) {
   shenandoah_assert_heaplocked_or_safepoint();
-  _promoted_reserve = new_val;
+  _promoted_reserve.store_relaxed(new_val);
 }
 
 size_t ShenandoahOldGeneration::get_promoted_reserve() const {
-  return _promoted_reserve;
+  return _promoted_reserve.load_relaxed();
 }
 
 void ShenandoahOldGeneration::augment_promoted_reserve(size_t increment) {
   shenandoah_assert_heaplocked_or_safepoint();
-  _promoted_reserve += increment;
+  // Writers are serialized by the heap lock, so relaxed ordering is sufficient; the atomic RMW
+  // only guards against tearing the concurrent lock-free reader (get_promoted_reserve).
+  _promoted_reserve.fetch_then_add(increment, memory_order_relaxed);
 }
 
 void ShenandoahOldGeneration::reset_promoted_expended() {
@@ -194,6 +196,8 @@ void ShenandoahOldGeneration::maybe_log_promotion_failure_stats(bool concurrent)
 }
 
 bool ShenandoahOldGeneration::try_expend_promoted(size_t increment) {
+  // The promote reserve rarely changes during evacuation(only when there is PIP region), so snapshot it once;
+  // only _promoted_expended is contended and re-read on CAS failure.
   const size_t reserve = get_promoted_reserve();
   size_t cur = _promoted_expended.load_relaxed();
   while (cur + increment <= reserve) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp
index 43151af4c87..61a3114f906 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class ShenandoahOldGeneration : public ShenandoahGeneration {
   // and in addition to the evacuation reserve for intra-generation evacuations (ShenandoahGeneration::_evacuation_reserve).
   // If there is more data ready to be promoted than can fit within this reserve, the promotion of some objects will be
   // deferred until a subsequent evacuation pass.
-  size_t _promoted_reserve;
+  Atomic<size_t> _promoted_reserve;
 
   // Bytes of old-gen memory expended on promotions. This may be modified concurrently
   // by mutators and gc workers when promotion LABs are retired during evacuation. It

From 8740fbb4eeaf742e88999d4f243e29d53d17be2b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jatin Bhateja <jbhateja@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 2026 04:02:20 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 077/707] 8386255: Float16Vector NaN canonicalization for
 hashCode computation

Reviewed-by: psandoz, sherman
---
 .../jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector.java   | 16 ++++++++++++++--
 .../incubator/vector/X-Vector.java.template   | 19 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../vector/Float16Vector128Tests.java         | 16 +++++++++++++---
 .../vector/Float16Vector256Tests.java         | 16 +++++++++++++---
 .../vector/Float16Vector512Tests.java         | 16 +++++++++++++---
 .../vector/Float16Vector64Tests.java          | 16 +++++++++++++---
 .../vector/Float16VectorMaxTests.java         | 16 +++++++++++++---
 .../templates/Unit-Miscellaneous.template     | 14 ++++++++++++++
 .../vector/templates/Unit-header.template     |  6 ++++--
 9 files changed, 116 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector.java b/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector.java
index cf7eae5dd6a..ce3a67357f9 100644
--- a/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector.java
+++ b/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector.java
@@ -2861,6 +2861,17 @@ public final short[] toArray() {
         return a;
     }
 
+    // Returns the lane values boxed as Float16 elements.
+    @ForceInline
+    final Float16[] toFloat16Array() {
+        short[] bits = vec();
+        Float16[] a = new Float16[bits.length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < bits.length; i++) {
+            a[i] = Float16.shortBitsToFloat16(bits[i]);
+        }
+        return a;
+    }
+
     /** {@inheritDoc} <!--workaround-->
      */
     @ForceInline
@@ -3734,8 +3745,9 @@ boolean equals(Object obj) {
     @ForceInline
     public final
     int hashCode() {
-        // now that toArray is strongly typed, we can define this
-        return Objects.hash(species(), Arrays.hashCode(toArray()));
+        // Hash the lanes as Float16 values; Float16.hashCode canonicalizes NaN
+        // so that all NaN representations contribute the same hash code.
+        return Objects.hash(species(), Arrays.hashCode(toFloat16Array()));
     }
 
     // ================================================
diff --git a/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/X-Vector.java.template b/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/X-Vector.java.template
index 7c6fb3bcfb2..f11c6283685 100644
--- a/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/X-Vector.java.template
+++ b/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/X-Vector.java.template
@@ -3705,6 +3705,19 @@ public abstract sealed class $abstractvectortype$ extends AbstractVector<$Boxtyp
         return a;
     }
 
+#if[FP16]
+    // Returns the lane values boxed as Float16 elements.
+    @ForceInline
+    final Float16[] toFloat16Array() {
+        short[] bits = vec();
+        Float16[] a = new Float16[bits.length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < bits.length; i++) {
+            a[i] = Float16.shortBitsToFloat16(bits[i]);
+        }
+        return a;
+    }
+
+#end[FP16]
 #if[int]
     /**
      * {@inheritDoc} <!--workaround-->
@@ -5749,8 +5762,14 @@ public abstract sealed class $abstractvectortype$ extends AbstractVector<$Boxtyp
     @ForceInline
     public final
     int hashCode() {
+#if[FP16]
+        // Hash the lanes as Float16 values; Float16.hashCode canonicalizes NaN
+        // so that all NaN representations contribute the same hash code.
+        return Objects.hash(species(), Arrays.hashCode(toFloat16Array()));
+#else[FP16]
         // now that toArray is strongly typed, we can define this
         return Objects.hash(species(), Arrays.hashCode(toArray()));
+#end[FP16]
     }
 
     // ================================================
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector128Tests.java b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector128Tests.java
index ad971e9b9bf..a33e83d14ea 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector128Tests.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector128Tests.java
@@ -1561,14 +1561,16 @@ static short[] fill(short[] a, ToFloat16F f) {
     }
 
     static short cornerCaseValue(int i) {
-        return switch(i % 8) {
+        return switch(i % 10) {
             case 0  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.MAX_VALUE);
             case 1  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.MIN_VALUE);
             case 2  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.NEGATIVE_INFINITY);
             case 3  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.POSITIVE_INFINITY);
             case 4  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.NaN);
             case 5  -> float16ToRawShortBits(shortBitsToFloat16((short)0x7FFA));
-            case 6  -> float16ToShortBits(Float16.valueOf(0.0f));
+            case 6  -> float16ToRawShortBits(shortBitsToFloat16((short)0x7c01)); // signaling NaN
+            case 7  -> float16ToRawShortBits(shortBitsToFloat16((short)0x7e00)); // quiet NaN
+            case 8  -> float16ToShortBits(Float16.valueOf(0.0f));
             default -> float16ToShortBits(Float16.valueOf(-0.0f));
         };
     }
@@ -5423,11 +5425,19 @@ static void hashCodeFloat16Vector128TestsSmokeTest(IntFunction<short[]> fa) {
             int hash = av.hashCode();
 
             short subarr[] = Arrays.copyOfRange(a, i, i + SPECIES.length());
-            int expectedHash = Objects.hash(SPECIES, Arrays.hashCode(subarr));
+            int expectedHash = Objects.hash(SPECIES, Arrays.hashCode(toFloat16Array(subarr)));
             Assert.assertTrue(hash == expectedHash, "at index " + i + ", hash should be = " + expectedHash + ", but is = " + hash);
         }
     }
 
+    static Float16[] toFloat16Array(short[] bits) {
+        Float16[] a = new Float16[bits.length];
+        for (int j = 0; j < bits.length; j++) {
+            a[j] = shortBitsToFloat16(bits[j]);
+        }
+        return a;
+    }
+
 
     static long ADDReduceLong(short[] a, int idx) {
         short res = 0;
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector256Tests.java b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector256Tests.java
index a946e0d8585..99b167d4024 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector256Tests.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector256Tests.java
@@ -1561,14 +1561,16 @@ static short[] fill(short[] a, ToFloat16F f) {
     }
 
     static short cornerCaseValue(int i) {
-        return switch(i % 8) {
+        return switch(i % 10) {
             case 0  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.MAX_VALUE);
             case 1  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.MIN_VALUE);
             case 2  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.NEGATIVE_INFINITY);
             case 3  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.POSITIVE_INFINITY);
             case 4  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.NaN);
             case 5  -> float16ToRawShortBits(shortBitsToFloat16((short)0x7FFA));
-            case 6  -> float16ToShortBits(Float16.valueOf(0.0f));
+            case 6  -> float16ToRawShortBits(shortBitsToFloat16((short)0x7c01)); // signaling NaN
+            case 7  -> float16ToRawShortBits(shortBitsToFloat16((short)0x7e00)); // quiet NaN
+            case 8  -> float16ToShortBits(Float16.valueOf(0.0f));
             default -> float16ToShortBits(Float16.valueOf(-0.0f));
         };
     }
@@ -5423,11 +5425,19 @@ static void hashCodeFloat16Vector256TestsSmokeTest(IntFunction<short[]> fa) {
             int hash = av.hashCode();
 
             short subarr[] = Arrays.copyOfRange(a, i, i + SPECIES.length());
-            int expectedHash = Objects.hash(SPECIES, Arrays.hashCode(subarr));
+            int expectedHash = Objects.hash(SPECIES, Arrays.hashCode(toFloat16Array(subarr)));
             Assert.assertTrue(hash == expectedHash, "at index " + i + ", hash should be = " + expectedHash + ", but is = " + hash);
         }
     }
 
+    static Float16[] toFloat16Array(short[] bits) {
+        Float16[] a = new Float16[bits.length];
+        for (int j = 0; j < bits.length; j++) {
+            a[j] = shortBitsToFloat16(bits[j]);
+        }
+        return a;
+    }
+
 
     static long ADDReduceLong(short[] a, int idx) {
         short res = 0;
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector512Tests.java b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector512Tests.java
index 0e70b4c85ec..1c391497015 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector512Tests.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector512Tests.java
@@ -1561,14 +1561,16 @@ static short[] fill(short[] a, ToFloat16F f) {
     }
 
     static short cornerCaseValue(int i) {
-        return switch(i % 8) {
+        return switch(i % 10) {
             case 0  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.MAX_VALUE);
             case 1  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.MIN_VALUE);
             case 2  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.NEGATIVE_INFINITY);
             case 3  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.POSITIVE_INFINITY);
             case 4  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.NaN);
             case 5  -> float16ToRawShortBits(shortBitsToFloat16((short)0x7FFA));
-            case 6  -> float16ToShortBits(Float16.valueOf(0.0f));
+            case 6  -> float16ToRawShortBits(shortBitsToFloat16((short)0x7c01)); // signaling NaN
+            case 7  -> float16ToRawShortBits(shortBitsToFloat16((short)0x7e00)); // quiet NaN
+            case 8  -> float16ToShortBits(Float16.valueOf(0.0f));
             default -> float16ToShortBits(Float16.valueOf(-0.0f));
         };
     }
@@ -5423,11 +5425,19 @@ static void hashCodeFloat16Vector512TestsSmokeTest(IntFunction<short[]> fa) {
             int hash = av.hashCode();
 
             short subarr[] = Arrays.copyOfRange(a, i, i + SPECIES.length());
-            int expectedHash = Objects.hash(SPECIES, Arrays.hashCode(subarr));
+            int expectedHash = Objects.hash(SPECIES, Arrays.hashCode(toFloat16Array(subarr)));
             Assert.assertTrue(hash == expectedHash, "at index " + i + ", hash should be = " + expectedHash + ", but is = " + hash);
         }
     }
 
+    static Float16[] toFloat16Array(short[] bits) {
+        Float16[] a = new Float16[bits.length];
+        for (int j = 0; j < bits.length; j++) {
+            a[j] = shortBitsToFloat16(bits[j]);
+        }
+        return a;
+    }
+
 
     static long ADDReduceLong(short[] a, int idx) {
         short res = 0;
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector64Tests.java b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector64Tests.java
index 94017042b7b..6ef651860ad 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector64Tests.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector64Tests.java
@@ -1561,14 +1561,16 @@ static short[] fill(short[] a, ToFloat16F f) {
     }
 
     static short cornerCaseValue(int i) {
-        return switch(i % 8) {
+        return switch(i % 10) {
             case 0  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.MAX_VALUE);
             case 1  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.MIN_VALUE);
             case 2  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.NEGATIVE_INFINITY);
             case 3  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.POSITIVE_INFINITY);
             case 4  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.NaN);
             case 5  -> float16ToRawShortBits(shortBitsToFloat16((short)0x7FFA));
-            case 6  -> float16ToShortBits(Float16.valueOf(0.0f));
+            case 6  -> float16ToRawShortBits(shortBitsToFloat16((short)0x7c01)); // signaling NaN
+            case 7  -> float16ToRawShortBits(shortBitsToFloat16((short)0x7e00)); // quiet NaN
+            case 8  -> float16ToShortBits(Float16.valueOf(0.0f));
             default -> float16ToShortBits(Float16.valueOf(-0.0f));
         };
     }
@@ -5423,11 +5425,19 @@ static void hashCodeFloat16Vector64TestsSmokeTest(IntFunction<short[]> fa) {
             int hash = av.hashCode();
 
             short subarr[] = Arrays.copyOfRange(a, i, i + SPECIES.length());
-            int expectedHash = Objects.hash(SPECIES, Arrays.hashCode(subarr));
+            int expectedHash = Objects.hash(SPECIES, Arrays.hashCode(toFloat16Array(subarr)));
             Assert.assertTrue(hash == expectedHash, "at index " + i + ", hash should be = " + expectedHash + ", but is = " + hash);
         }
     }
 
+    static Float16[] toFloat16Array(short[] bits) {
+        Float16[] a = new Float16[bits.length];
+        for (int j = 0; j < bits.length; j++) {
+            a[j] = shortBitsToFloat16(bits[j]);
+        }
+        return a;
+    }
+
 
     static long ADDReduceLong(short[] a, int idx) {
         short res = 0;
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16VectorMaxTests.java b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16VectorMaxTests.java
index d8649c838ee..61efa3de9a0 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16VectorMaxTests.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16VectorMaxTests.java
@@ -1567,14 +1567,16 @@ static short[] fill(short[] a, ToFloat16F f) {
     }
 
     static short cornerCaseValue(int i) {
-        return switch(i % 8) {
+        return switch(i % 10) {
             case 0  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.MAX_VALUE);
             case 1  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.MIN_VALUE);
             case 2  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.NEGATIVE_INFINITY);
             case 3  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.POSITIVE_INFINITY);
             case 4  -> float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.NaN);
             case 5  -> float16ToRawShortBits(shortBitsToFloat16((short)0x7FFA));
-            case 6  -> float16ToShortBits(Float16.valueOf(0.0f));
+            case 6  -> float16ToRawShortBits(shortBitsToFloat16((short)0x7c01)); // signaling NaN
+            case 7  -> float16ToRawShortBits(shortBitsToFloat16((short)0x7e00)); // quiet NaN
+            case 8  -> float16ToShortBits(Float16.valueOf(0.0f));
             default -> float16ToShortBits(Float16.valueOf(-0.0f));
         };
     }
@@ -5429,11 +5431,19 @@ static void hashCodeFloat16VectorMaxTestsSmokeTest(IntFunction<short[]> fa) {
             int hash = av.hashCode();
 
             short subarr[] = Arrays.copyOfRange(a, i, i + SPECIES.length());
-            int expectedHash = Objects.hash(SPECIES, Arrays.hashCode(subarr));
+            int expectedHash = Objects.hash(SPECIES, Arrays.hashCode(toFloat16Array(subarr)));
             Assert.assertTrue(hash == expectedHash, "at index " + i + ", hash should be = " + expectedHash + ", but is = " + hash);
         }
     }
 
+    static Float16[] toFloat16Array(short[] bits) {
+        Float16[] a = new Float16[bits.length];
+        for (int j = 0; j < bits.length; j++) {
+            a[j] = shortBitsToFloat16(bits[j]);
+        }
+        return a;
+    }
+
 
     static long ADDReduceLong(short[] a, int idx) {
         short res = 0;
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/templates/Unit-Miscellaneous.template b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/templates/Unit-Miscellaneous.template
index 8606b9ba598..0ae9342539f 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/templates/Unit-Miscellaneous.template
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/templates/Unit-Miscellaneous.template
@@ -100,11 +100,25 @@
             int hash = av.hashCode();
 
             $type$ subarr[] = Arrays.copyOfRange(a, i, i + SPECIES.length());
+#if[FP16]
+            int expectedHash = Objects.hash(SPECIES, Arrays.hashCode(toFloat16Array(subarr)));
+#else[FP16]
             int expectedHash = Objects.hash(SPECIES, Arrays.hashCode(subarr));
+#end[FP16]
             Assert.assertTrue(hash == expectedHash, "at index " + i + ", hash should be = " + expectedHash + ", but is = " + hash);
         }
     }
 
+#if[FP16]
+    static Float16[] toFloat16Array(short[] bits) {
+        Float16[] a = new Float16[bits.length];
+        for (int j = 0; j < bits.length; j++) {
+            a[j] = shortBitsToFloat16(bits[j]);
+        }
+        return a;
+    }
+
+#end[FP16]
 #if[byte]
     @Test(dataProvider = "$type$UnaryOpProvider")
     static void reinterpretAsBytes$vectorteststype$SmokeTest(IntFunction<$type$[]> fa) {
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/templates/Unit-header.template b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/templates/Unit-header.template
index eac7edbbb3f..7047e27b797 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/templates/Unit-header.template
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/templates/Unit-header.template
@@ -2013,14 +2013,16 @@ relativeError));
     static $type$ cornerCaseValue(int i) {
 #if[FP]
 #if[FP16]
-        return switch(i % 8) {
+        return switch(i % 10) {
             case 0  -> float16ToRawShortBits($Wideboxtype$.MAX_VALUE);
             case 1  -> float16ToRawShortBits($Wideboxtype$.MIN_VALUE);
             case 2  -> float16ToRawShortBits($Wideboxtype$.NEGATIVE_INFINITY);
             case 3  -> float16ToRawShortBits($Wideboxtype$.POSITIVE_INFINITY);
             case 4  -> float16ToRawShortBits($Wideboxtype$.NaN);
             case 5  -> float16ToRawShortBits(shortBitsToFloat16((short)0x7FFA));
-            case 6  -> float16ToShortBits(Float16.valueOf(0.0f));
+            case 6  -> float16ToRawShortBits(shortBitsToFloat16((short)0x7c01)); // signaling NaN
+            case 7  -> float16ToRawShortBits(shortBitsToFloat16((short)0x7e00)); // quiet NaN
+            case 8  -> float16ToShortBits(Float16.valueOf(0.0f));
             default -> float16ToShortBits(Float16.valueOf(-0.0f));
         };
 #else[FP16]

From 60e4b91f61da1a168135013874617406ded36871 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 2026 06:17:54 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 078/707] 8386292: Shenandoah: Simplify and strengthen C1
 barriers

Co-authored-by: Martin Doerr <mdoerr@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: rkennke, fyang, kdnilsen
---
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp | 169 +++--------
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.hpp |  11 +-
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_ppc.cpp     | 274 +++++-------------
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_ppc.hpp     |  26 +-
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp   | 168 +++--------
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.hpp   |  11 +-
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp     | 205 +++----------
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.hpp     |  11 +-
 .../shenandoah/c1/shenandoahBarrierSetC1.cpp  | 210 ++++++--------
 .../shenandoah/c1/shenandoahBarrierSetC1.hpp  | 117 ++------
 10 files changed, 337 insertions(+), 865 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index c590b6699c0..bc8af2354c8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -456,79 +456,38 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::gen_write_ref_array_post_barrier(MacroAssemb
 
 #define __ ce->masm()->
 
-void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::gen_pre_barrier_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahPreBarrierStub* stub) {
-  ShenandoahBarrierSetC1* bs = (ShenandoahBarrierSetC1*)BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c1();
-  // At this point we know that marking is in progress.
-  // If do_load() is true then we have to emit the
-  // load of the previous value; otherwise it has already
-  // been loaded into _pre_val.
-
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::keepalive_barrier_c1_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierStub* stub) {
   __ bind(*stub->entry());
 
-  assert(stub->pre_val()->is_register(), "Precondition.");
+  ShenandoahBarrierSetC1* bs = (ShenandoahBarrierSetC1*)BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c1();
 
-  Register pre_val_reg = stub->pre_val()->as_register();
+  Register obj = stub->obj()->as_register();
 
   if (stub->do_load()) {
-    ce->mem2reg(stub->addr(), stub->pre_val(), T_OBJECT, stub->patch_code(), stub->info(), false /*wide*/);
+    ce->mem2reg(stub->addr(), stub->obj(), T_OBJECT, lir_patch_none, nullptr, /* wide = */ false);
   }
-  __ cbz(pre_val_reg, *stub->continuation());
-  ce->store_parameter(stub->pre_val()->as_register(), 0);
-  __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(bs->pre_barrier_c1_runtime_code_blob()->code_begin()));
+  __ cbz(obj, *stub->continuation());
+  ce->store_parameter(obj, 0);
+  __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(bs->keepalive_barrier_stub()));
   __ b(*stub->continuation());
 }
 
-void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::gen_load_reference_barrier_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub* stub) {
-  ShenandoahBarrierSetC1* bs = (ShenandoahBarrierSetC1*)BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c1();
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::load_reference_barrier_c1_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub* stub) {
   __ bind(*stub->entry());
 
-  DecoratorSet decorators = stub->decorators();
-  bool is_strong  = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_strong_access(decorators);
-  bool is_weak    = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_weak_access(decorators);
-  bool is_phantom = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_phantom_access(decorators);
-  bool is_native  = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_native_access(decorators);
+  ShenandoahBarrierSetC1* bs = (ShenandoahBarrierSetC1*)BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c1();
 
   Register obj = stub->obj()->as_register();
-  Register res = stub->result()->as_register();
   Register addr = stub->addr()->as_pointer_register();
-  Register tmp1 = stub->tmp1()->as_register();
-  Register tmp2 = stub->tmp2()->as_register();
-
-  assert(res == r0, "result must arrive in r0");
-
-  if (res != obj) {
-    __ mov(res, obj);
-  }
-
-  if (is_strong) {
-    // Check for object in cset.
-    if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
-      __ lea(tmp2, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::cset_base_address()));
-      __ ldr(tmp2, Address(tmp2));
-      __ lea(tmp1, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::grain_shift_address()));
-      __ ldrw(tmp1, Address(tmp1));
-      __ lsrv(tmp1, res, tmp1);
-    } else {
-      __ mov(tmp2, ShenandoahHeap::in_cset_fast_test_addr());
-      __ lsr(tmp1, res, ShenandoahHeapRegion::region_size_bytes_shift_jint());
-    }
-    __ ldrb(tmp2, Address(tmp2, tmp1));
-    __ cbz(tmp2, *stub->continuation());
-  }
+  Register slow_result = stub->slow_result()->as_register();
+  assert_different_registers(obj, addr, slow_result);
+  assert(slow_result == r0, "C1 must know about our slow call result register");
 
-  ce->store_parameter(res, 0);
+  ce->store_parameter(obj, 0);
   ce->store_parameter(addr, 1);
-  if (is_strong) {
-    if (is_native) {
-      __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(bs->load_reference_barrier_strong_native_rt_code_blob()->code_begin()));
-    } else {
-      __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(bs->load_reference_barrier_strong_rt_code_blob()->code_begin()));
-    }
-  } else if (is_weak) {
-    __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(bs->load_reference_barrier_weak_rt_code_blob()->code_begin()));
-  } else {
-    assert(is_phantom, "only remaining strength");
-    __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(bs->load_reference_barrier_phantom_rt_code_blob()->code_begin()));
+  __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(bs->load_reference_barrier_stub(stub->decorators())));
+  if (obj != slow_result) {
+    __ mov(obj, slow_result);
   }
 
   __ b(*stub->continuation());
@@ -538,89 +497,27 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::gen_load_reference_barrier_stub(LIR_Assemble
 
 #define __ sasm->
 
-void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::generate_c1_pre_barrier_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm) {
-  __ prologue("shenandoah_pre_barrier", false);
-
-  // arg0 : previous value of memory
-
-  BarrierSet* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set();
-
-  const Register pre_val = r0;
-  const Register thread = rthread;
-  const Register tmp = rscratch1;
-
-  Address queue_index(thread, in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::satb_mark_queue_index_offset()));
-  Address buffer(thread, in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::satb_mark_queue_buffer_offset()));
-
-  Label done;
-  Label runtime;
-
-  // Is marking still active?
-  Address gc_state(thread, in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::gc_state_offset()));
-  __ ldrb(tmp, gc_state);
-  __ tbz(tmp, ShenandoahHeap::MARKING_BITPOS, done);
-
-  // Can we store original value in the thread's buffer?
-  __ ldr(tmp, queue_index);
-  __ cbz(tmp, runtime);
-
-  __ sub(tmp, tmp, wordSize);
-  __ str(tmp, queue_index);
-  __ ldr(rscratch2, buffer);
-  __ add(tmp, tmp, rscratch2);
-  __ load_parameter(0, rscratch2);
-  __ str(rscratch2, Address(tmp, 0));
-  __ b(done);
-
-  __ bind(runtime);
-  __ push_call_clobbered_registers();
-  __ load_parameter(0, pre_val);
-  __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::write_barrier_pre), pre_val);
-  __ pop_call_clobbered_registers();
-  __ bind(done);
-
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::keepalive_barrier_c1_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm) {
+  __ prologue("shenandoah_keepalive_barrier", false);
+  const Register tmp_obj = r0;
+  const Register tmp1 = r1;
+  const Register tmp2 = r2;
+  __ push(RegSet::of(tmp1, tmp2, tmp_obj), sp);
+  __ load_parameter(0, tmp_obj);
+  satb_barrier(sasm, noreg, tmp_obj, rthread, tmp1, tmp2);
+  __ pop(RegSet::of(tmp1, tmp2, tmp_obj), sp);
   __ epilogue();
 }
 
-void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::generate_c1_load_reference_barrier_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm, DecoratorSet decorators) {
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::load_reference_barrier_c1_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm, DecoratorSet decorators) {
   __ prologue("shenandoah_load_reference_barrier", false);
-  // arg0 : object to be resolved
-
-  __ push_call_clobbered_registers();
-  __ load_parameter(0, r0);
-  __ load_parameter(1, r1);
-
-  bool is_strong  = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_strong_access(decorators);
-  bool is_weak    = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_weak_access(decorators);
-  bool is_phantom = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_phantom_access(decorators);
-  bool is_native  = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_native_access(decorators);
-  if (is_strong) {
-    if (is_native) {
-      __ lea(lr, RuntimeAddress(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_strong)));
-    } else {
-      if (UseCompressedOops) {
-        __ lea(lr, RuntimeAddress(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_strong_narrow)));
-      } else {
-        __ lea(lr, RuntimeAddress(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_strong)));
-      }
-    }
-  } else if (is_weak) {
-    assert(!is_native, "weak must not be called off-heap");
-    if (UseCompressedOops) {
-      __ lea(lr, RuntimeAddress(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_weak_narrow)));
-    } else {
-      __ lea(lr, RuntimeAddress(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_weak)));
-    }
-  } else {
-    assert(is_phantom, "only remaining strength");
-    assert(is_native, "phantom must only be called off-heap");
-    __ lea(lr, RuntimeAddress(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_phantom)));
-  }
-  __ blr(lr);
-  __ mov(rscratch1, r0);
-  __ pop_call_clobbered_registers();
-  __ mov(r0, rscratch1);
-
+  const Register tmp_obj = r0;
+  const Register tmp_addr = r1;
+  __ push(RegSet::of(tmp_addr), sp);
+  __ load_parameter(0, tmp_obj);
+  __ load_parameter(1, tmp_addr);
+  load_reference_barrier(sasm, tmp_obj, Address(tmp_addr, 0), decorators);
+  __ pop(RegSet::of(tmp_addr), sp);
   __ epilogue();
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.hpp
index bab4fb3b37a..d25dd8871f9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.hpp
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp"
 #ifdef COMPILER1
 class LIR_Assembler;
-class ShenandoahPreBarrierStub;
+class ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierStub;
 class ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub;
 class StubAssembler;
 #endif
@@ -76,10 +76,11 @@ class ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler: public BarrierSetAssembler {
                                                Register tmp, Label& slow_path);
 
 #ifdef COMPILER1
-  void gen_pre_barrier_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahPreBarrierStub* stub);
-  void gen_load_reference_barrier_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub* stub);
-  void generate_c1_pre_barrier_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm);
-  void generate_c1_load_reference_barrier_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm, DecoratorSet decorators);
+  void keepalive_barrier_c1_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierStub* stub);
+  void keepalive_barrier_c1_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm);
+
+  void load_reference_barrier_c1_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub* stub);
+  void load_reference_barrier_c1_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm, DecoratorSet decorators);
 #endif
 
 #ifdef COMPILER2
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_ppc.cpp
index 582327282fd..b17f0f924ae 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_ppc.cpp
@@ -56,10 +56,11 @@
 void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::satb_barrier(MacroAssembler *masm,
                                                  Register base, RegisterOrConstant ind_or_offs,
                                                  Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3,
-                                                 MacroAssembler::PreservationLevel preservation_level) {
+                                                 MacroAssembler::PreservationLevel preservation_level,
+                                                 int extra_stack_space) {
   if (ShenandoahSATBBarrier) {
     __ block_comment("satb_barrier (shenandoahgc) {");
-    satb_barrier_impl(masm, 0, base, ind_or_offs, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, preservation_level);
+    satb_barrier_impl(masm, 0, base, ind_or_offs, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, preservation_level, extra_stack_space);
     __ block_comment("} satb_barrier (shenandoahgc)");
   }
 }
@@ -68,10 +69,11 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::load_reference_barrier(MacroAssembler *masm,
                                                            Register base, RegisterOrConstant ind_or_offs,
                                                            Register dst,
                                                            Register tmp1, Register tmp2,
-                                                           MacroAssembler::PreservationLevel preservation_level) {
+                                                           MacroAssembler::PreservationLevel preservation_level,
+                                                           int extra_stack_space) {
   if (ShenandoahLoadRefBarrier) {
     __ block_comment("load_reference_barrier (shenandoahgc) {");
-    load_reference_barrier_impl(masm, decorators, base, ind_or_offs, dst, tmp1, tmp2, preservation_level);
+    load_reference_barrier_impl(masm, decorators, base, ind_or_offs, dst, tmp1, tmp2, preservation_level, extra_stack_space);
     __ block_comment("} load_reference_barrier (shenandoahgc)");
   }
 }
@@ -205,7 +207,8 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::satb_barrier_impl(MacroAssembler *masm, Deco
                                                       Register base, RegisterOrConstant ind_or_offs,
                                                       Register pre_val,
                                                       Register tmp1, Register tmp2,
-                                                      MacroAssembler::PreservationLevel preservation_level) {
+                                                      MacroAssembler::PreservationLevel preservation_level,
+                                                      int extra_stack_space) {
   assert(ShenandoahSATBBarrier, "Should be checked by caller");
   assert_different_registers(tmp1, tmp2, pre_val, noreg);
 
@@ -299,7 +302,7 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::satb_barrier_impl(MacroAssembler *masm, Deco
     if (preserve_gp_registers) {
       nbytes_save = (preserve_fp_registers
                      ? MacroAssembler::num_volatile_gp_regs + MacroAssembler::num_volatile_fp_regs
-                     : MacroAssembler::num_volatile_gp_regs) * BytesPerWord;
+                     : MacroAssembler::num_volatile_gp_regs) * BytesPerWord + extra_stack_space;
       __ save_volatile_gprs(R1_SP, -nbytes_save, preserve_fp_registers);
     }
 
@@ -343,7 +346,8 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::load_reference_barrier_impl(
     Register base, RegisterOrConstant ind_or_offs,
     Register dst,
     Register tmp1, Register tmp2,
-    MacroAssembler::PreservationLevel preservation_level) {
+    MacroAssembler::PreservationLevel preservation_level,
+    int extra_stack_space) {
   if (ind_or_offs.is_register()) {
     assert_different_registers(tmp1, tmp2, base, ind_or_offs.as_register(), dst, noreg);
   } else {
@@ -430,7 +434,7 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::load_reference_barrier_impl(
     if (preserve_gp_registers) {
       nbytes_save = (preserve_fp_registers
                      ? MacroAssembler::num_volatile_gp_regs + MacroAssembler::num_volatile_fp_regs
-                     : MacroAssembler::num_volatile_gp_regs) * BytesPerWord;
+                     : MacroAssembler::num_volatile_gp_regs) * BytesPerWord + extra_stack_space;
       __ save_volatile_gprs(R1_SP, -nbytes_save, preserve_fp_registers);
     }
 
@@ -693,243 +697,119 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::gen_write_ref_array_post_barrier(MacroAssemb
 
 #define __ ce->masm()->
 
-void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::gen_pre_barrier_stub(LIR_Assembler *ce, ShenandoahPreBarrierStub *stub) {
-  __ block_comment("gen_pre_barrier_stub (shenandoahgc) {");
-
-  ShenandoahBarrierSetC1 *bs = (ShenandoahBarrierSetC1*) BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c1();
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::keepalive_barrier_c1_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierStub* stub) {
+  __ block_comment("keepalive_barrier_stub (shenandoahgc) {");
   __ bind(*stub->entry());
 
-  // GC status has already been verified by 'ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::pre_barrier'.
-  // This stub is the slowpath of that function.
+  ShenandoahBarrierSetC1* bs = (ShenandoahBarrierSetC1*) BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c1();
 
-  assert(stub->pre_val()->is_register(), "pre_val must be a register");
-  Register pre_val = stub->pre_val()->as_register();
+  Register obj = stub->obj()->as_register();
 
-  // If 'do_load()' returns false, the to-be-stored value is already available in 'stub->pre_val()'
-  // ("preloaded mode" of the store barrier).
+  // If 'do_load()' returns false, the to-be-stored value is already available in 'obj'
   if (stub->do_load()) {
-    ce->mem2reg(stub->addr(), stub->pre_val(), T_OBJECT, stub->patch_code(), stub->info(), false);
+    ce->mem2reg(stub->addr(), stub->obj(), T_OBJECT, lir_patch_none, nullptr, false);
   }
 
-  // Fast path: Reference is null.
-  __ cmpdi(CR0, pre_val, 0);
+  // Fast path: reference is null.
+  __ cmpdi(CR0, obj, 0);
   __ bc_far_optimized(Assembler::bcondCRbiIs1_bhintNoHint, __ bi0(CR0, Assembler::equal), *stub->continuation());
 
   // Argument passing via the stack.
-  __ std(pre_val, -8, R1_SP);
+  __ std(obj, -8, R1_SP);
 
-  __ load_const_optimized(R0, bs->pre_barrier_c1_runtime_code_blob()->code_begin());
+  address blob_addr = bs->keepalive_barrier_stub();
+  __ load_const_optimized(R0, blob_addr);
   __ call_stub(R0);
 
   __ b(*stub->continuation());
-  __ block_comment("} gen_pre_barrier_stub (shenandoahgc)");
+  __ block_comment("} keepalive_barrier_stub (shenandoahgc)");
 }
 
-void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::gen_load_reference_barrier_stub(LIR_Assembler *ce,
-                                                                    ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub *stub) {
-  __ block_comment("gen_load_reference_barrier_stub (shenandoahgc) {");
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::load_reference_barrier_c1_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub* stub) {
+  __ block_comment("load_reference_barrier_stub (shenandoahgc) {");
 
-  ShenandoahBarrierSetC1 *bs = (ShenandoahBarrierSetC1*) BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c1();
   __ bind(*stub->entry());
 
+  ShenandoahBarrierSetC1* bs = (ShenandoahBarrierSetC1*) BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c1();
+
   Register obj  = stub->obj()->as_register();
-  Register res  = stub->result()->as_register();
   Register addr = stub->addr()->as_pointer_register();
-  Register tmp1 = stub->tmp1()->as_register();
-  Register tmp2 = stub->tmp2()->as_register();
-  assert_different_registers(addr, res, tmp1, tmp2);
-
-  assert(R3_RET == res, "res must be r3");
-
-  if (res != obj) {
-    __ mr(res, obj);
-  }
-
-  DecoratorSet decorators = stub->decorators();
-
-  /* ==== Check whether region is in collection set ==== */
-  // GC status (unstable) has already been verified by 'ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::load_reference_barrier_impl'.
-  // This stub is the slowpath of that function.
-
-  bool is_strong  = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_strong_access(decorators);
-  bool is_weak    = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_weak_access(decorators);
-  bool is_phantom = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_phantom_access(decorators);
-  bool is_native  = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_native_access(decorators);
-
-  if (is_strong) {
-    // Check whether object is in collection set.
-    __ load_const_optimized(tmp2, ShenandoahHeap::in_cset_fast_test_addr(), tmp1);
-    __ srdi(tmp1, obj, ShenandoahHeapRegion::region_size_bytes_shift_jint());
-    __ lbzx(tmp2, tmp1, tmp2);
+  Register slow_result = stub->slow_result()->as_register();
+  assert_different_registers(obj, addr, slow_result);
+  assert(slow_result == R3_RET, "C1 must know about our slow call result register");
 
-    __ andi_(tmp2, tmp2, 1);
-    __ bc_far_optimized(Assembler::bcondCRbiIs1_bhintNoHint, __ bi0(CR0, Assembler::equal), *stub->continuation());
-  }
-
-  address blob_addr = nullptr;
+  // Argument passing via the stack.
+  __ std(obj,   -8, R1_SP);
+  __ std(addr, -16, R1_SP);
 
-  if (is_strong) {
-    if (is_native) {
-      blob_addr = bs->load_reference_barrier_strong_native_rt_code_blob()->code_begin();
-    } else {
-      blob_addr = bs->load_reference_barrier_strong_rt_code_blob()->code_begin();
-    }
-  } else if (is_weak) {
-    blob_addr = bs->load_reference_barrier_weak_rt_code_blob()->code_begin();
-  } else {
-    assert(is_phantom, "only remaining strength");
-    blob_addr = bs->load_reference_barrier_phantom_rt_code_blob()->code_begin();
+  address blob_addr = bs->load_reference_barrier_stub(stub->decorators());
+  __ load_const_optimized(R0, blob_addr);
+  __ call_stub(R0);
+  if (obj != slow_result) {
+    __ mr(obj, slow_result);
   }
 
-  assert(blob_addr != nullptr, "code blob cannot be found");
-
-  // Argument passing via the stack.  'obj' is passed implicitly (as asserted above).
-  __ std(addr, -8, R1_SP);
-
-  __ load_const_optimized(tmp1, blob_addr, tmp2);
-  __ call_stub(tmp1);
-
-  // 'res' is 'R3_RET'.  The result is thus already in the correct register.
-
   __ b(*stub->continuation());
-  __ block_comment("} gen_load_reference_barrier_stub (shenandoahgc)");
+  __ block_comment("} load_reference_barrier_stub (shenandoahgc)");
 }
 
 #undef __
 
 #define __ sasm->
 
-void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::generate_c1_pre_barrier_runtime_stub(StubAssembler *sasm) {
-  __ block_comment("generate_c1_pre_barrier_runtime_stub (shenandoahgc) {");
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::keepalive_barrier_c1_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm) {
+  __ block_comment("keepalive_barrier_runtime_stub (shenandoahgc) {");
 
-  Label runtime, skip_barrier;
-  BarrierSet *bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set();
-
-  // Argument passing via the stack.
-  const int caller_stack_slots = 3;
-
-  Register R0_pre_val = R0;
-  __ ld(R0, -8, R1_SP);
-  Register R11_tmp1 = R11_scratch1;
-  __ std(R11_tmp1, -16, R1_SP);
-  Register R12_tmp2 = R12_scratch2;
-  __ std(R12_tmp2, -24, R1_SP);
-
-  /* ==== Check whether marking is active ==== */
-  // Even though gc status was checked in 'ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::gen_pre_barrier_stub',
-  // another check is required as a safepoint might have been reached in the meantime (JDK-8140588).
-  __ lbz(R12_tmp2, in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::gc_state_offset()), R16_thread);
-
-  __ andi_(R12_tmp2, R12_tmp2, ShenandoahHeap::MARKING);
-  __ beq(CR0, skip_barrier);
+  Register obj  = R3_ARG1;
+  Register tmp1 = R11_scratch1;
+  Register tmp2 = R12_scratch2;
 
-  /* ==== Add previous value directly to thread-local SATB mark queue ==== */
-  // Check queue's capacity.  Jump to runtime if no free slot is available.
-  __ ld(R12_tmp2, in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::satb_mark_queue_index_offset()), R16_thread);
-  __ cmpdi(CR0, R12_tmp2, 0);
-  __ beq(CR0, runtime);
+  // Save registers we are about to clobber
+  __ std(obj,  -16, R1_SP);
+  __ std(tmp1, -24, R1_SP);
+  __ std(tmp2, -32, R1_SP);
 
-  // Capacity suffices.  Decrement the queue's size by one slot (size of one oop).
-  __ addi(R12_tmp2, R12_tmp2, -wordSize);
-  __ std(R12_tmp2, in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::satb_mark_queue_index_offset()), R16_thread);
+  // Pull the arguments from stack
+  __ ld(obj, -8, R1_SP);
 
-  // Enqueue the previous value and skip the runtime invocation.
-  __ ld(R11_tmp1, in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::satb_mark_queue_buffer_offset()), R16_thread);
-  __ stdx(R0_pre_val, R11_tmp1, R12_tmp2);
-  __ b(skip_barrier);
+  satb_barrier(sasm, noreg, noreg, obj, tmp1, tmp2, MacroAssembler::PRESERVATION_FRAME_LR_GP_FP_REGS, 4 * BytesPerWord);
 
-  __ bind(runtime);
-
-  /* ==== Invoke runtime to commit SATB mark queue to gc and allocate a new buffer ==== */
-  // Save to-be-preserved registers.
-  const int nbytes_save = (MacroAssembler::num_volatile_regs + caller_stack_slots) * BytesPerWord;
-  __ save_volatile_gprs(R1_SP, -nbytes_save);
-  __ save_LR(R11_tmp1);
-  __ push_frame_reg_args(nbytes_save, R11_tmp1);
-
-  // Invoke runtime.
-  __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::write_barrier_pre), R0_pre_val);
-
-  // Restore to-be-preserved registers.
-  __ pop_frame();
-  __ restore_LR(R11_tmp1);
-  __ restore_volatile_gprs(R1_SP, -nbytes_save);
-
-  __ bind(skip_barrier);
-
-  // Restore spilled registers.
-  __ ld(R11_tmp1, -16, R1_SP);
-  __ ld(R12_tmp2, -24, R1_SP);
+  // Restore registers
+  __ ld(tmp2, -32, R1_SP);
+  __ ld(tmp1, -24, R1_SP);
+  __ ld(obj,  -16, R1_SP);
 
   __ blr();
-  __ block_comment("} generate_c1_pre_barrier_runtime_stub (shenandoahgc)");
+  __ block_comment("} keepalive_barrier_runtime_stub (shenandoahgc)");
 }
 
-void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::generate_c1_load_reference_barrier_runtime_stub(StubAssembler *sasm,
-                                                                                    DecoratorSet decorators) {
-  __ block_comment("generate_c1_load_reference_barrier_runtime_stub (shenandoahgc) {");
-
-  // Argument passing via the stack.
-  const int caller_stack_slots = 1;
-
-  // Save to-be-preserved registers.
-  const int nbytes_save = (MacroAssembler::num_volatile_regs - 1 // 'R3_ARG1' is skipped
-                           + caller_stack_slots) * BytesPerWord;
-  __ save_volatile_gprs(R1_SP, -nbytes_save, true, false);
-
-  // Load arguments from stack.
-  // No load required, as caller has already loaded obj into R3.
-  Register R3_obj = R3_ARG1;
-  Register R4_load_addr = R4_ARG2;
-  __ ld(R4_load_addr, -8, R1_SP);
-
-  Register R11_tmp = R11_scratch1;
-
-  /* ==== Invoke runtime ==== */
-  bool is_strong  = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_strong_access(decorators);
-  bool is_weak    = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_weak_access(decorators);
-  bool is_phantom = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_phantom_access(decorators);
-  bool is_native  = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_native_access(decorators);
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::load_reference_barrier_c1_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm, DecoratorSet decorators) {
+  __ block_comment("load_reference_barrier_runtime_stub (shenandoahgc) {");
 
-  address jrt_address = nullptr;
+  Register obj  = R3_ARG1;
+  Register addr = R4_ARG2;
+  Register tmp1 = R11_scratch1;
+  Register tmp2 = R12_scratch2;
 
-  if (is_strong) {
-    if (is_native) {
-      jrt_address = CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_strong);
-    } else {
-      if (UseCompressedOops) {
-        jrt_address = CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_strong_narrow);
-      } else {
-        jrt_address = CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_strong);
-      }
-    }
-  } else if (is_weak) {
-    assert(!is_native, "weak load reference barrier must not be called off-heap");
-    if (UseCompressedOops) {
-      jrt_address = CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_weak_narrow);
-    } else {
-      jrt_address = CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_weak);
-    }
-  } else {
-    assert(is_phantom, "reference type must be phantom");
-    assert(is_native, "phantom load reference barrier must be called off-heap");
-    jrt_address = CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_phantom);
-  }
-  assert(jrt_address != nullptr, "load reference barrier runtime routine cannot be found");
+  // Save registers we are about to clobber
+  __ std(addr, -24, R1_SP);
+  __ std(tmp1, -32, R1_SP);
+  __ std(tmp2, -40, R1_SP);
 
-  __ save_LR(R11_tmp);
-  __ push_frame_reg_args(nbytes_save, R11_tmp);
+  // Pull the arguments from the stack
+  __ ld(obj,    -8, R1_SP);
+  __ ld(addr,  -16, R1_SP);
 
-  // Invoke runtime.  Arguments are already stored in the corresponding registers.
-  __ call_VM_leaf(jrt_address, R3_obj, R4_load_addr);
+  load_reference_barrier(sasm, decorators, addr, noreg, obj, tmp1, tmp2,
+                         MacroAssembler::PRESERVATION_FRAME_LR_GP_FP_REGS, 5 * BytesPerWord);
 
-  // Restore to-be-preserved registers.
-  __ pop_frame();
-  __ restore_LR(R11_tmp);
-  __ restore_volatile_gprs(R1_SP, -nbytes_save, true, false); // Skip 'R3_RET' register.
+  // Restore registers
+  __ ld(tmp2, -40, R1_SP);
+  __ ld(tmp1, -32, R1_SP);
+  __ ld(addr, -24, R1_SP);
 
   __ blr();
-  __ block_comment("} generate_c1_load_reference_barrier_runtime_stub (shenandoahgc)");
+  __ block_comment("} load_reference_barrier_runtime_stub (shenandoahgc)");
 }
 
 #undef __
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_ppc.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_ppc.hpp
index bd1043c2d76..8d741e6104b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_ppc.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_ppc.hpp
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 #ifdef COMPILER1
 
 class LIR_Assembler;
-class ShenandoahPreBarrierStub;
+class ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierStub;
 class ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub;
 class StubAssembler;
 
@@ -56,7 +56,8 @@ class ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler: public BarrierSetAssembler {
                          Register base, RegisterOrConstant ind_or_offs,
                          Register pre_val,
                          Register tmp1, Register tmp2,
-                         MacroAssembler::PreservationLevel preservation_level);
+                         MacroAssembler::PreservationLevel preservation_level,
+                         int extra_stack_space = 0);
 
   void card_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm,
                     Register base, RegisterOrConstant ind_or_offs,
@@ -66,7 +67,8 @@ class ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler: public BarrierSetAssembler {
                                    Register base, RegisterOrConstant ind_or_offs,
                                    Register dst,
                                    Register tmp1, Register tmp2,
-                                   MacroAssembler::PreservationLevel preservation_level);
+                                   MacroAssembler::PreservationLevel preservation_level,
+                                   int extra_stack_space = 0);
 
   /* ==== Helper methods for barrier implementations ==== */
   void gen_write_ref_array_post_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators,
@@ -78,28 +80,26 @@ class ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler: public BarrierSetAssembler {
 
   /* ==== C1 stubs ==== */
 #ifdef COMPILER1
+  void keepalive_barrier_c1_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierStub* stub);
+  void keepalive_barrier_c1_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm);
 
-  void gen_pre_barrier_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahPreBarrierStub* stub);
-
-  void gen_load_reference_barrier_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub* stub);
-
-  void generate_c1_pre_barrier_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm);
-
-  void generate_c1_load_reference_barrier_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm, DecoratorSet decorators);
-
+  void load_reference_barrier_c1_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub* stub);
+  void load_reference_barrier_c1_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm, DecoratorSet decorators);
 #endif
 
   /* ==== Available barriers (facades of the actual implementations) ==== */
   void satb_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm,
                     Register base, RegisterOrConstant ind_or_offs,
                     Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3,
-                    MacroAssembler::PreservationLevel preservation_level);
+                    MacroAssembler::PreservationLevel preservation_level,
+                    int extra_stack_space = 0);
 
   void load_reference_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators,
                               Register base, RegisterOrConstant ind_or_offs,
                               Register dst,
                               Register tmp1, Register tmp2,
-                              MacroAssembler::PreservationLevel preservation_level);
+                              MacroAssembler::PreservationLevel preservation_level,
+                              int extra_stack_space = 0);
 
   /* ==== Access api ==== */
   virtual void arraycopy_prologue(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators, BasicType type,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
index eec5f9a5165..574c70c8ea4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -471,74 +471,39 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::gen_write_ref_array_post_barrier(MacroAssemb
 
 #define __ ce->masm()->
 
-void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::gen_pre_barrier_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahPreBarrierStub* stub) {
-  ShenandoahBarrierSetC1* bs = (ShenandoahBarrierSetC1*)BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c1();
-  // At this point we know that marking is in progress.
-  // If do_load() is true then we have to emit the
-  // load of the previous value; otherwise it has already
-  // been loaded into _pre_val.
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::keepalive_barrier_c1_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierStub* stub) {
   __ bind(*stub->entry());
 
-  assert(stub->pre_val()->is_register(), "Precondition.");
+  ShenandoahBarrierSetC1* bs = (ShenandoahBarrierSetC1*)BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c1();
 
-  Register pre_val_reg = stub->pre_val()->as_register();
+  Register obj = stub->obj()->as_register();
 
   if (stub->do_load()) {
-    ce->mem2reg(stub->addr(), stub->pre_val(), T_OBJECT, stub->patch_code(), stub->info(), false /* wide */);
+    ce->mem2reg(stub->addr(), stub->obj(), T_OBJECT, lir_patch_none, nullptr, false /* wide */);
   }
-  __ beqz(pre_val_reg, *stub->continuation(), /* is_far */ true);
-  ce->store_parameter(stub->pre_val()->as_register(), 0);
-  __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(bs->pre_barrier_c1_runtime_code_blob()->code_begin()));
+  __ beqz(obj, *stub->continuation(), /* is_far */ true);
+
+  ce->store_parameter(obj, 0);
+  __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(bs->keepalive_barrier_stub()));
   __ j(*stub->continuation());
 }
 
-void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::gen_load_reference_barrier_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce,
-                                                                    ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub* stub) {
-  ShenandoahBarrierSetC1* bs = (ShenandoahBarrierSetC1*)BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c1();
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::load_reference_barrier_c1_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub* stub) {
   __ bind(*stub->entry());
 
-  DecoratorSet decorators = stub->decorators();
-  bool is_strong  = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_strong_access(decorators);
-  bool is_weak    = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_weak_access(decorators);
-  bool is_phantom = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_phantom_access(decorators);
-  bool is_native  = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_native_access(decorators);
+  ShenandoahBarrierSetC1* bs = (ShenandoahBarrierSetC1*) BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c1();
 
   Register obj = stub->obj()->as_register();
-  Register res = stub->result()->as_register();
   Register addr = stub->addr()->as_pointer_register();
-  Register tmp1 = stub->tmp1()->as_register();
-  Register tmp2 = stub->tmp2()->as_register();
+  Register slow_result = stub->slow_result()->as_register();
+  assert_different_registers(obj, addr, slow_result);
+  assert(slow_result == x10, "C1 must know about our slow call result register");
 
-  assert(res == x10, "result must arrive in x10");
-  assert_different_registers(tmp1, tmp2, t0);
-
-  if (res != obj) {
-    __ mv(res, obj);
-  }
-
-  if (is_strong) {
-    // Check for object in cset.
-    __ mv(tmp2, ShenandoahHeap::in_cset_fast_test_addr());
-    __ srli(tmp1, res, ShenandoahHeapRegion::region_size_bytes_shift_jint());
-    __ add(tmp2, tmp2, tmp1);
-    __ lbu(tmp2, Address(tmp2));
-    __ beqz(tmp2, *stub->continuation(), true /* is_far */);
-  }
-
-  ce->store_parameter(res, 0);
+  ce->store_parameter(obj, 0);
   ce->store_parameter(addr, 1);
-
-  if (is_strong) {
-    if (is_native) {
-      __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(bs->load_reference_barrier_strong_native_rt_code_blob()->code_begin()));
-    } else {
-      __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(bs->load_reference_barrier_strong_rt_code_blob()->code_begin()));
-    }
-  } else if (is_weak) {
-    __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(bs->load_reference_barrier_weak_rt_code_blob()->code_begin()));
-  } else {
-    assert(is_phantom, "only remaining strength");
-    __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(bs->load_reference_barrier_phantom_rt_code_blob()->code_begin()));
+  __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(bs->load_reference_barrier_stub(stub->decorators())));
+  if (obj != slow_result) {
+    __ mv(obj, slow_result);
   }
 
   __ j(*stub->continuation());
@@ -548,92 +513,27 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::gen_load_reference_barrier_stub(LIR_Assemble
 
 #define __ sasm->
 
-void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::generate_c1_pre_barrier_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm) {
-  __ prologue("shenandoah_pre_barrier", false);
-
-  // arg0 : previous value of memory
-
-  BarrierSet* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set();
-
-  const Register pre_val = x10;
-  const Register thread = xthread;
-  const Register tmp = t0;
-
-  Address queue_index(thread, in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::satb_mark_queue_index_offset()));
-  Address buffer(thread, in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::satb_mark_queue_buffer_offset()));
-
-  Label done;
-  Label runtime;
-
-  // Is marking still active?
-  Address gc_state(thread, in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::gc_state_offset()));
-  __ lb(tmp, gc_state);
-  __ test_bit(tmp, tmp, ShenandoahHeap::MARKING_BITPOS);
-  __ beqz(tmp, done);
-
-  // Can we store original value in the thread's buffer?
-  __ ld(tmp, queue_index);
-  __ beqz(tmp, runtime);
-
-  __ subi(tmp, tmp, wordSize);
-  __ sd(tmp, queue_index);
-  __ ld(t1, buffer);
-  __ add(tmp, tmp, t1);
-  __ load_parameter(0, t1);
-  __ sd(t1, Address(tmp, 0));
-  __ j(done);
-
-  __ bind(runtime);
-  __ push_call_clobbered_registers();
-  __ load_parameter(0, pre_val);
-  __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::write_barrier_pre), pre_val);
-  __ pop_call_clobbered_registers();
-  __ bind(done);
-
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::keepalive_barrier_c1_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm) {
+  __ prologue("shenandoah_keepalive_barrier", false);
+  const Register tmp_obj = x10;
+  const Register tmp1 = x11;
+  const Register tmp2 = x12;
+  __ push_reg(RegSet::of(tmp1, tmp2, tmp_obj), sp);
+  __ load_parameter(0, tmp_obj);
+  satb_barrier(sasm, noreg, tmp_obj, xthread, tmp1, tmp2);
+  __ pop_reg(RegSet::of(tmp1, tmp2, tmp_obj), sp);
   __ epilogue();
 }
 
-void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::generate_c1_load_reference_barrier_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm,
-                                                                                    DecoratorSet decorators) {
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::load_reference_barrier_c1_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm, DecoratorSet decorators) {
   __ prologue("shenandoah_load_reference_barrier", false);
-  // arg0 : object to be resolved
-
-  __ push_call_clobbered_registers();
-  __ load_parameter(0, x10);
-  __ load_parameter(1, x11);
-
-  bool is_strong  = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_strong_access(decorators);
-  bool is_weak    = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_weak_access(decorators);
-  bool is_phantom = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_phantom_access(decorators);
-  bool is_native  = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_native_access(decorators);
-  address target  = nullptr;
-  if (is_strong) {
-    if (is_native) {
-      target = CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_strong);
-    } else {
-      if (UseCompressedOops) {
-        target = CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_strong_narrow);
-      } else {
-        target = CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_strong);
-      }
-    }
-  } else if (is_weak) {
-    assert(!is_native, "weak must not be called off-heap");
-    if (UseCompressedOops) {
-      target = CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_weak_narrow);
-    } else {
-      target = CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_weak);
-    }
-  } else {
-    assert(is_phantom, "only remaining strength");
-    assert(is_native, "phantom must only be called off-heap");
-    target = CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_phantom);
-  }
-  __ rt_call(target);
-  __ mv(t0, x10);
-  __ pop_call_clobbered_registers();
-  __ mv(x10, t0);
-
+  const Register tmp_obj = x10;
+  const Register tmp_addr = x11;
+  __ push_reg(RegSet::of(tmp_addr), sp);
+  __ load_parameter(0, tmp_obj);
+  __ load_parameter(1, tmp_addr);
+  load_reference_barrier(sasm, tmp_obj, Address(tmp_addr, 0), decorators);
+  __ pop_reg(RegSet::of(tmp_addr), sp);
   __ epilogue();
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.hpp
index d41809f1ef7..ecb63e68a01 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.hpp
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 
 #ifdef COMPILER1
 class LIR_Assembler;
-class ShenandoahPreBarrierStub;
+class ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierStub;
 class ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub;
 class StubAssembler;
 #endif
@@ -81,10 +81,11 @@ class ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler: public BarrierSetAssembler {
                                                Register tmp, Label& slow_path);
 
 #ifdef COMPILER1
-  void gen_pre_barrier_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahPreBarrierStub* stub);
-  void gen_load_reference_barrier_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub* stub);
-  void generate_c1_pre_barrier_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm);
-  void generate_c1_load_reference_barrier_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm, DecoratorSet decorators);
+  void keepalive_barrier_c1_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierStub* stub);
+  void keepalive_barrier_c1_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm);
+
+  void load_reference_barrier_c1_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub* stub);
+  void load_reference_barrier_c1_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm, DecoratorSet decorators);
 #endif
 
 #ifdef COMPILER2
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
index fdf10e5b5e6..bdb98d4b4c0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -154,11 +154,7 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::satb_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm,
   Label runtime;
 
   assert(pre_val != noreg, "check this code");
-
-  if (obj != noreg) {
-    assert_different_registers(obj, pre_val, tmp);
-    assert(pre_val != rax, "check this code");
-  }
+  assert_different_registers(obj, pre_val, tmp);
 
   Address index(thread, in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::satb_mark_queue_index_offset()));
   Address buffer(thread, in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::satb_mark_queue_buffer_offset()));
@@ -560,99 +556,42 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::gen_write_ref_array_post_barrier(MacroAssemb
 
 #define __ ce->masm()->
 
-void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::gen_pre_barrier_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahPreBarrierStub* stub) {
-  ShenandoahBarrierSetC1* bs = (ShenandoahBarrierSetC1*)BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c1();
-  // At this point we know that marking is in progress.
-  // If do_load() is true then we have to emit the
-  // load of the previous value; otherwise it has already
-  // been loaded into _pre_val.
-
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::keepalive_barrier_c1_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierStub* stub) {
   __ bind(*stub->entry());
-  assert(stub->pre_val()->is_register(), "Precondition.");
 
-  Register pre_val_reg = stub->pre_val()->as_register();
+  ShenandoahBarrierSetC1* bs = (ShenandoahBarrierSetC1*)BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c1();
+
+  Register obj = stub->obj()->as_register();
 
   if (stub->do_load()) {
-    ce->mem2reg(stub->addr(), stub->pre_val(), T_OBJECT, stub->patch_code(), stub->info(), false /*wide*/);
+    ce->mem2reg(stub->addr(), stub->obj(), T_OBJECT, lir_patch_none, nullptr, /* wide = */ false);
   }
-
-  __ cmpptr(pre_val_reg, NULL_WORD);
+  __ cmpptr(obj, NULL_WORD);
   __ jcc(Assembler::equal, *stub->continuation());
-  ce->store_parameter(stub->pre_val()->as_register(), 0);
-  __ call(RuntimeAddress(bs->pre_barrier_c1_runtime_code_blob()->code_begin()));
-  __ jmp(*stub->continuation());
 
+  ce->store_parameter(obj, 0);
+  __ call(RuntimeAddress(bs->keepalive_barrier_stub()));
+  __ jmp(*stub->continuation());
 }
 
-void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::gen_load_reference_barrier_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub* stub) {
-  ShenandoahBarrierSetC1* bs = (ShenandoahBarrierSetC1*)BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c1();
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::load_reference_barrier_c1_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub* stub) {
   __ bind(*stub->entry());
 
-  DecoratorSet decorators = stub->decorators();
-  bool is_strong  = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_strong_access(decorators);
-  bool is_weak    = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_weak_access(decorators);
-  bool is_phantom = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_phantom_access(decorators);
-  bool is_native  = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_native_access(decorators);
+  ShenandoahBarrierSetC1* bs = (ShenandoahBarrierSetC1*)BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c1();
 
   Register obj = stub->obj()->as_register();
-  Register res = stub->result()->as_register();
   Register addr = stub->addr()->as_pointer_register();
-  Register tmp1 = stub->tmp1()->as_register();
-  Register tmp2 = stub->tmp2()->as_register();
-  assert_different_registers(obj, res, addr, tmp1, tmp2);
-
-  Label slow_path;
+  Register slow_result = stub->slow_result()->as_register();
+  assert_different_registers(obj, addr, slow_result);
+  assert(slow_result == rax, "C1 must know about our slow call result register");
 
-  assert(res == rax, "result must arrive in rax");
-
-  if (res != obj) {
-    __ mov(res, obj);
-  }
-
-  if (is_strong) {
-    // Check for object being in the collection set.
-    __ mov(tmp1, res);
-    if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
-      __ push(rcx);
-      __ lea(rcx, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::grain_shift_address()));
-      __ movl(rcx, Address(rcx));
-      if (tmp1 != rcx) {
-        __ mov(tmp1, res);
-        __ shrptr(tmp1);
-        __ pop(rcx);
-      } else {
-        assert_different_registers(tmp2, rcx);
-        __ mov(tmp2, res);
-        __ shrptr(tmp2);
-        __ pop(rcx);
-        __ movptr(tmp1, tmp2);
-      }
-      __ lea(tmp2, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::cset_base_address()));
-      __ movptr(tmp2, Address(tmp2));
-    } else {
-      __ shrptr(tmp1, ShenandoahHeapRegion::region_size_bytes_shift_jint());
-      __ movptr(tmp2, (intptr_t) ShenandoahHeap::in_cset_fast_test_addr());
-    }
-    __ movbool(tmp2, Address(tmp2, tmp1, Address::times_1));
-    __ testbool(tmp2);
-    __ jcc(Assembler::zero, *stub->continuation());
-  }
-
-  __ bind(slow_path);
-  ce->store_parameter(res, 0);
+  ce->store_parameter(obj, 0);
   ce->store_parameter(addr, 1);
-  if (is_strong) {
-    if (is_native) {
-      __ call(RuntimeAddress(bs->load_reference_barrier_strong_native_rt_code_blob()->code_begin()));
-    } else {
-      __ call(RuntimeAddress(bs->load_reference_barrier_strong_rt_code_blob()->code_begin()));
-    }
-  } else if (is_weak) {
-    __ call(RuntimeAddress(bs->load_reference_barrier_weak_rt_code_blob()->code_begin()));
-  } else {
-    assert(is_phantom, "only remaining strength");
-    __ call(RuntimeAddress(bs->load_reference_barrier_phantom_rt_code_blob()->code_begin()));
+  __ call(RuntimeAddress(bs->load_reference_barrier_stub(stub->decorators())));
+  if (obj != slow_result) {
+    __ mov(obj, slow_result);
   }
+
   __ jmp(*stub->continuation());
 }
 
@@ -660,98 +599,28 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::gen_load_reference_barrier_stub(LIR_Assemble
 
 #define __ sasm->
 
-void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::generate_c1_pre_barrier_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm) {
-  __ prologue("shenandoah_pre_barrier", false);
-  // arg0 : previous value of memory
-
-  __ push(rax);
-  __ push(rdx);
-
-  const Register pre_val = rax;
-  const Register thread = r15_thread;
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::keepalive_barrier_c1_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm) {
+  __ prologue("shenandoah_keepalive_barrier", false);
+  const Register tmp_obj = rax;
   const Register tmp = rdx;
-
-  Address queue_index(thread, in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::satb_mark_queue_index_offset()));
-  Address buffer(thread, in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::satb_mark_queue_buffer_offset()));
-
-  Label done;
-  Label runtime;
-
-  // Is SATB still active?
-  Address gc_state(thread, in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::gc_state_offset()));
-  __ testb(gc_state, ShenandoahHeap::MARKING);
-  __ jcc(Assembler::zero, done);
-
-  // Can we store original value in the thread's buffer?
-
-  __ movptr(tmp, queue_index);
-  __ testptr(tmp, tmp);
-  __ jcc(Assembler::zero, runtime);
-  __ subptr(tmp, wordSize);
-  __ movptr(queue_index, tmp);
-  __ addptr(tmp, buffer);
-
-  // prev_val (rax)
-  __ load_parameter(0, pre_val);
-  __ movptr(Address(tmp, 0), pre_val);
-  __ jmp(done);
-
-  __ bind(runtime);
-
-  __ save_live_registers_no_oop_map(true);
-
-  // load the pre-value
-  __ load_parameter(0, rcx);
-  __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::write_barrier_pre), rcx);
-
-  __ restore_live_registers(true);
-
-  __ bind(done);
-
-  __ pop(rdx);
-  __ pop(rax);
-
+  __ push(tmp);
+  __ push(tmp_obj);
+  __ load_parameter(0, tmp_obj);
+  satb_barrier(sasm, noreg, tmp_obj, tmp);
+  __ pop(tmp_obj);
+  __ pop(tmp);
   __ epilogue();
 }
 
-void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::generate_c1_load_reference_barrier_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm, DecoratorSet decorators) {
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::load_reference_barrier_c1_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm, DecoratorSet decorators) {
   __ prologue("shenandoah_load_reference_barrier", false);
-  // arg0 : object to be resolved
-
-  __ save_live_registers_no_oop_map(true);
-
-  bool is_strong  = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_strong_access(decorators);
-  bool is_weak    = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_weak_access(decorators);
-  bool is_phantom = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_phantom_access(decorators);
-  bool is_native  = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_native_access(decorators);
-
-  __ load_parameter(0, c_rarg0);
-  __ load_parameter(1, c_rarg1);
-  if (is_strong) {
-    if (is_native) {
-      __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_strong), c_rarg0, c_rarg1);
-    } else {
-      if (UseCompressedOops) {
-        __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_strong_narrow), c_rarg0, c_rarg1);
-      } else {
-        __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_strong), c_rarg0, c_rarg1);
-      }
-    }
-  } else if (is_weak) {
-    assert(!is_native, "weak must not be called off-heap");
-    if (UseCompressedOops) {
-      __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_weak_narrow), c_rarg0, c_rarg1);
-    } else {
-      __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_weak), c_rarg0, c_rarg1);
-    }
-  } else {
-    assert(is_phantom, "only remaining strength");
-    assert(is_native, "phantom must only be called off-heap");
-    __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_phantom), c_rarg0, c_rarg1);
-  }
-
-  __ restore_live_registers_except_rax(true);
-
+  const Register tmp_obj = rax;
+  const Register tmp_addr = rdx;
+  __ push(tmp_addr);
+  __ load_parameter(0, tmp_obj);
+  __ load_parameter(1, tmp_addr);
+  load_reference_barrier(sasm, tmp_obj, Address(tmp_addr, 0), decorators);
+  __ pop(tmp_addr);
   __ epilogue();
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.hpp
index f608760ce42..7f417d3c262 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.hpp
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 
 #ifdef COMPILER1
 class LIR_Assembler;
-class ShenandoahPreBarrierStub;
+class ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierStub;
 class ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub;
 class StubAssembler;
 #endif
@@ -73,10 +73,11 @@ class ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler: public BarrierSetAssembler {
   virtual void try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(MacroAssembler* masm, Register weak_handle, Register obj, Label& slowpath);
 
 #ifdef COMPILER1
-  void gen_pre_barrier_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahPreBarrierStub* stub);
-  void gen_load_reference_barrier_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub* stub);
-  void generate_c1_pre_barrier_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm);
-  void generate_c1_load_reference_barrier_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm, DecoratorSet decorators);
+  void keepalive_barrier_c1_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierStub* stub);
+  void keepalive_barrier_c1_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm);
+
+  void load_reference_barrier_c1_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub* stub);
+  void load_reference_barrier_c1_runtime_stub(StubAssembler* sasm, DecoratorSet decorators);
 #endif
 
 #ifdef COMPILER2
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/c1/shenandoahBarrierSetC1.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/c1/shenandoahBarrierSetC1.cpp
index 637ed6e6407..de0b838fe45 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/c1/shenandoahBarrierSetC1.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/c1/shenandoahBarrierSetC1.cpp
@@ -31,8 +31,6 @@
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp"
-#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.hpp"
-#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahRuntime.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahThreadLocalData.hpp"
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
@@ -41,43 +39,61 @@
 #define __ gen->lir()->
 #endif
 
-void ShenandoahPreBarrierStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
+void ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
   ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler* bs = (ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler*)BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
-  bs->gen_pre_barrier_stub(ce, this);
+  bs->keepalive_barrier_c1_stub(ce, this);
 }
 
 void ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
   ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler* bs = (ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler*)BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
-  bs->gen_load_reference_barrier_stub(ce, this);
+  bs->load_reference_barrier_c1_stub(ce, this);
 }
 
 ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::ShenandoahBarrierSetC1() :
-  _pre_barrier_c1_runtime_code_blob(nullptr),
+  _keepalive_barrier_c1_runtime_code_blob(nullptr),
   _load_reference_barrier_strong_rt_code_blob(nullptr),
   _load_reference_barrier_strong_native_rt_code_blob(nullptr),
   _load_reference_barrier_weak_rt_code_blob(nullptr),
   _load_reference_barrier_phantom_rt_code_blob(nullptr) {}
 
-void ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::pre_barrier(LIRGenerator* gen, CodeEmitInfo* info, DecoratorSet decorators, LIR_Opr addr_opr, LIR_Opr pre_val) {
-  // First we test whether marking is in progress.
+address ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::keepalive_barrier_stub() {
+  assert(_keepalive_barrier_c1_runtime_code_blob != nullptr, "Must be available");
+  return _keepalive_barrier_c1_runtime_code_blob->code_begin();
+}
 
-  bool patch = (decorators & C1_NEEDS_PATCHING) != 0;
-  bool do_load = pre_val == LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr;
+address ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::load_reference_barrier_stub(DecoratorSet decorators) {
+  bool is_strong  = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_strong_access(decorators);
+  bool is_weak    = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_weak_access(decorators);
+  bool is_phantom = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_phantom_access(decorators);
+  bool is_native  = ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_native_access(decorators);
 
+  if (is_strong) {
+    if (is_native) {
+      assert(_load_reference_barrier_strong_native_rt_code_blob != nullptr, "Must be available");
+      return _load_reference_barrier_strong_native_rt_code_blob->code_begin();
+    } else {
+      assert(_load_reference_barrier_strong_rt_code_blob != nullptr, "Must be available");
+      return _load_reference_barrier_strong_rt_code_blob->code_begin();
+    }
+  } else if (is_weak) {
+    assert(_load_reference_barrier_weak_rt_code_blob != nullptr, "Must be available");
+    return _load_reference_barrier_weak_rt_code_blob->code_begin();
+  } else if (is_phantom) {
+    assert(_load_reference_barrier_phantom_rt_code_blob != nullptr, "Must be available");
+    return _load_reference_barrier_phantom_rt_code_blob->code_begin();
+  }
+  ShouldNotReachHere();
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::enter_if_gc_state(LIRGenerator* gen, int flags, CodeStub* slow_stub) {
   LIR_Opr thrd = gen->getThreadPointer();
-  LIR_Address* gc_state_addr =
-          new LIR_Address(thrd,
-                          in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::gc_state_offset()),
-                          T_BYTE);
-  // Read the gc_state flag.
   LIR_Opr flag_val = gen->new_register(T_INT);
-  __ load(gc_state_addr, flag_val);
-
-  // Create a mask to test if the marking bit is set.
-  LIR_Opr mask = LIR_OprFact::intConst(ShenandoahHeap::MARKING);
   LIR_Opr mask_reg = gen->new_register(T_INT);
-  __ move(mask, mask_reg);
 
+  LIR_Address* gc_state_addr = new LIR_Address(thrd, in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::gc_state_offset()), T_BYTE);
+  __ load(gc_state_addr, flag_val);
+  __ move(LIR_OprFact::intConst(flags), mask_reg);
   if (two_operand_lir_form) {
     __ logical_and(flag_val, mask_reg, flag_val);
   } else {
@@ -86,91 +102,54 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::pre_barrier(LIRGenerator* gen, CodeEmitInfo* info,
     flag_val = masked_flag;
   }
   __ cmp(lir_cond_notEqual, flag_val, LIR_OprFact::intConst(0));
+  __ branch(lir_cond_notEqual, slow_stub);
+  __ branch_destination(slow_stub->continuation());
+}
 
-  LIR_PatchCode pre_val_patch_code = lir_patch_none;
-
-  CodeStub* slow;
-
-  if (do_load) {
-    assert(pre_val == LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr, "sanity");
-    assert(addr_opr != LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr, "sanity");
-
-    if (patch)
-      pre_val_patch_code = lir_patch_normal;
-
-    pre_val = gen->new_register(T_OBJECT);
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::keepalive_barrier(LIRGenerator* gen, LIR_Opr obj, LIR_Opr addr, DecoratorSet decorators) {
+  CodeStub* slow_stub;
+  if (obj == LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr) {
+    // Caller wants us to do the load.
+    obj = gen->new_register(T_OBJECT);
 
-    if (!addr_opr->is_address()) {
-      assert(addr_opr->is_register(), "must be");
-      addr_opr = LIR_OprFact::address(new LIR_Address(addr_opr, T_OBJECT));
+    assert(addr != LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr, "sanity");
+    if (!addr->is_address()) {
+      assert(addr->is_register(), "must be");
+      addr = LIR_OprFact::address(new LIR_Address(addr, T_OBJECT));
     }
-    slow = new ShenandoahPreBarrierStub(addr_opr, pre_val, pre_val_patch_code, info ? new CodeEmitInfo(info) : nullptr);
+
+    slow_stub = new ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierStub(obj, addr);
   } else {
-    assert(addr_opr == LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr, "sanity");
-    assert(pre_val->is_register(), "must be");
-    assert(pre_val->type() == T_OBJECT, "must be an object");
+    // Caller gave us the obj to work with.
+    assert(addr == LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr, "sanity");
+    assert(obj->is_register(), "must be");
+    assert(obj->type() == T_OBJECT, "must be an object");
 
-    slow = new ShenandoahPreBarrierStub(pre_val);
+    slow_stub = new ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierStub(obj);
   }
 
-  __ branch(lir_cond_notEqual, slow);
-  __ branch_destination(slow->continuation());
-}
-
-LIR_Opr ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::load_reference_barrier(LIRGenerator* gen, LIR_Opr obj, LIR_Opr addr, DecoratorSet decorators) {
-  if (ShenandoahLoadRefBarrier) {
-    return load_reference_barrier_impl(gen, obj, addr, decorators);
-  } else {
-    return obj;
-  }
+  enter_if_gc_state(gen, ShenandoahHeap::MARKING, slow_stub);
 }
 
-LIR_Opr ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::load_reference_barrier_impl(LIRGenerator* gen, LIR_Opr obj, LIR_Opr addr, DecoratorSet decorators) {
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::load_reference_barrier(LIRGenerator* gen, LIR_Opr obj, LIR_Opr addr, DecoratorSet decorators) {
   assert(ShenandoahLoadRefBarrier, "Should be enabled");
 
   obj = ensure_in_register(gen, obj, T_OBJECT);
-  assert(obj->is_register(), "must be a register at this point");
   addr = ensure_in_register(gen, addr, T_ADDRESS);
+  assert(obj->is_register(), "must be a register at this point");
   assert(addr->is_register(), "must be a register at this point");
-  LIR_Opr result = gen->result_register_for(obj->value_type());
-  LIR_Opr tmp1 = gen->new_register(T_ADDRESS);
-  LIR_Opr tmp2 = gen->new_register(T_ADDRESS);
 
-  LIR_Opr thrd = gen->getThreadPointer();
-  LIR_Address* active_flag_addr =
-    new LIR_Address(thrd,
-                    in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::gc_state_offset()),
-                    T_BYTE);
-  // Read and check the gc-state-flag.
-  LIR_Opr flag_val = gen->new_register(T_INT);
-  __ load(active_flag_addr, flag_val);
+  // Barrier slowpaths return value in this register. Declare it in the stub
+  // as clobbered. The obj would remain as result for both fast- and slow-paths.
+  LIR_Opr slow_result = gen->result_register_for(obj->value_type());
+
+  CodeStub* slow_stub = new ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub(obj, addr, slow_result, decorators);
+
   int flags = ShenandoahHeap::HAS_FORWARDED;
   if (!ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_strong_access(decorators)) {
     flags |= ShenandoahHeap::WEAK_ROOTS;
   }
-  LIR_Opr mask = LIR_OprFact::intConst(flags);
-  LIR_Opr mask_reg = gen->new_register(T_INT);
-  __ move(mask, mask_reg);
-
-  if (two_operand_lir_form) {
-    __ logical_and(flag_val, mask_reg, flag_val);
-  } else {
-    LIR_Opr masked_flag = gen->new_register(T_INT);
-    __ logical_and(flag_val, mask_reg, masked_flag);
-    flag_val = masked_flag;
-  }
-  __ cmp(lir_cond_notEqual, flag_val, LIR_OprFact::intConst(0));
-
-  CodeStub* slow = new ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub(obj, addr, result, tmp1, tmp2, decorators);
-  __ branch(lir_cond_notEqual, slow);
-
-  // No barrier is needed, move obj to result now.
-  __ move(obj, result);
-
-  // Slow-path re-enters here with result set.
-  __ branch_destination(slow->continuation());
-
-  return result;
+  enter_if_gc_state(gen, flags, slow_stub);
 }
 
 LIR_Opr ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::ensure_in_register(LIRGenerator* gen, LIR_Opr obj, BasicType type) {
@@ -189,21 +168,21 @@ LIR_Opr ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::ensure_in_register(LIRGenerator* gen, LIR_Opr ob
 }
 
 void ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::store_at_resolved(LIRAccess& access, LIR_Opr value) {
-  if (access.is_oop()) {
-    if (ShenandoahSATBBarrier) {
-      pre_barrier(access.gen(), access.access_emit_info(), access.decorators(), access.resolved_addr(), LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr /* pre_val */);
-    }
+  DecoratorSet decorators = access.decorators();
+  LIRGenerator* gen = access.gen();
+
+  if (ShenandoahSATBBarrier && access.is_oop()) {
+    keepalive_barrier(gen, /* obj = */ LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr, /* addr = */ access.resolved_addr(), decorators);
   }
   BarrierSetC1::store_at_resolved(access, value);
 
   if (ShenandoahCardBarrier && access.is_oop()) {
-    DecoratorSet decorators = access.decorators();
     bool is_array = (decorators & IS_ARRAY) != 0;
     bool on_anonymous = (decorators & ON_UNKNOWN_OOP_REF) != 0;
 
     bool precise = is_array || on_anonymous;
     LIR_Opr post_addr = precise ? access.resolved_addr() : access.base().opr();
-    post_barrier(access, post_addr);
+    card_barrier(gen, post_addr, decorators);
   }
 }
 
@@ -230,7 +209,7 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::load_at_resolved(LIRAccess& access, LIR_Opr result)
   if (ShenandoahBarrierSet::need_load_reference_barrier(decorators, type)) {
     LIR_Opr tmp = gen->new_register(T_OBJECT);
     BarrierSetC1::load_at_resolved(access, tmp);
-    tmp = load_reference_barrier(gen, tmp, access.resolved_addr(), decorators);
+    load_reference_barrier(gen, tmp, access.resolved_addr(), decorators);
     __ move(tmp, result);
   } else {
     BarrierSetC1::load_at_resolved(access, result);
@@ -246,18 +225,17 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::load_at_resolved(LIRAccess& access, LIR_Opr result)
       Lcont_anonymous = new LabelObj();
       generate_referent_check(access, Lcont_anonymous);
     }
-    pre_barrier(gen, access.access_emit_info(), decorators, LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr /* addr_opr */,
-                result /* pre_val */);
+    keepalive_barrier(gen, /* obj = */ result, /* addr = */ LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr, decorators);
     if (is_anonymous) {
       __ branch_destination(Lcont_anonymous->label());
     }
   }
 }
 
-class C1ShenandoahPreBarrierCodeGenClosure : public StubAssemblerCodeGenClosure {
+class C1ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierCodeGenClosure : public StubAssemblerCodeGenClosure {
   virtual OopMapSet* generate_code(StubAssembler* sasm) {
     ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler* bs = (ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler*)BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
-    bs->generate_c1_pre_barrier_runtime_stub(sasm);
+    bs->keepalive_barrier_c1_runtime_stub(sasm);
     return nullptr;
   }
 };
@@ -271,18 +249,20 @@ class C1ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierCodeGenClosure : public StubAssemblerCodeG
 
   virtual OopMapSet* generate_code(StubAssembler* sasm) {
     ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler* bs = (ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler*)BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
-    bs->generate_c1_load_reference_barrier_runtime_stub(sasm, _decorators);
+    bs->load_reference_barrier_c1_runtime_stub(sasm, _decorators);
     return nullptr;
   }
 };
 
 bool ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::generate_c1_runtime_stubs(BufferBlob* buffer_blob) {
-  C1ShenandoahPreBarrierCodeGenClosure pre_code_gen_cl;
-  _pre_barrier_c1_runtime_code_blob = Runtime1::generate_blob(buffer_blob, StubId::NO_STUBID,
-                                                              "shenandoah_pre_barrier_slow",
-                                                              false, &pre_code_gen_cl);
-  if (_pre_barrier_c1_runtime_code_blob == nullptr) {
-    return false;
+  if (ShenandoahSATBBarrier) {
+    C1ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierCodeGenClosure keepalive_code_gen_cl;
+    _keepalive_barrier_c1_runtime_code_blob = Runtime1::generate_blob(buffer_blob, StubId::NO_STUBID,
+                                                                      "shenandoah_keepalive_barrier_slow",
+                                                                      false, &keepalive_code_gen_cl);
+    if (_keepalive_barrier_c1_runtime_code_blob == nullptr) {
+      return false;
+    }
   }
   if (ShenandoahLoadRefBarrier) {
     C1ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierCodeGenClosure lrb_strong_code_gen_cl(ON_STRONG_OOP_REF);
@@ -318,11 +298,9 @@ bool ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::generate_c1_runtime_stubs(BufferBlob* buffer_blob)
   return true;
 }
 
-void ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::post_barrier(LIRAccess& access, LIR_Opr addr) {
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::card_barrier(LIRGenerator* gen, LIR_Opr addr, DecoratorSet decorators) {
   assert(ShenandoahCardBarrier, "Should have been checked by caller");
 
-  DecoratorSet decorators = access.decorators();
-  LIRGenerator* gen = access.gen();
   bool in_heap = (decorators & IN_HEAP) != 0;
   if (!in_heap) {
     return;
@@ -378,6 +356,7 @@ LIR_Opr ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::atomic_cmpxchg_at_resolved(LIRAccess& access, LI
     return BarrierSetC1::atomic_cmpxchg_at_resolved(access, cmp_value, new_value);
   }
 
+  DecoratorSet decorators = access.decorators();
   LIRGenerator* gen = access.gen();
 
   LIR_Opr tmp = gen->new_register(T_OBJECT);
@@ -386,22 +365,20 @@ LIR_Opr ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::atomic_cmpxchg_at_resolved(LIRAccess& access, LI
   // Handle the previous value through SATB, as we are about to perform the store.
   __ load(addr->as_address_ptr(), tmp);
   if (ShenandoahSATBBarrier) {
-    pre_barrier(gen, access.access_emit_info(), access.decorators(),
-                /* addr_opr (unused) = */ LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr,
-                /* pre_val = */ tmp);
+    keepalive_barrier(gen, /* obj = */ tmp, /* addr = */ LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr, decorators);
   }
 
   // Perform LRB on location to fix it up for this and all following accesses.
   // This guarantees there are no false negatives due to concurrent evacuation,
   // and the value loaded later by CAS is sanitized by some LRB, or is null.
   if (ShenandoahLoadRefBarrier) {
-    load_reference_barrier(gen, /* obj = */ tmp, /* addr = */ addr, access.decorators());
+    load_reference_barrier(gen, /* obj = */ tmp, /* addr = */ addr, decorators);
   }
 
   LIR_Opr result = BarrierSetC1::atomic_cmpxchg_at_resolved(access, cmp_value, new_value);
 
   if (ShenandoahCardBarrier) {
-    post_barrier(access, /* addr = */ addr);
+    card_barrier(gen, /* addr = */ addr, decorators);
   }
 
   return result;
@@ -412,6 +389,7 @@ LIR_Opr ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::atomic_xchg_at_resolved(LIRAccess& access, LIRIt
     return BarrierSetC1::atomic_xchg_at_resolved(access, value);
   }
 
+  DecoratorSet decorators = access.decorators();
   LIRGenerator* gen = access.gen();
 
   LIR_Opr tmp = gen->new_register(T_OBJECT);
@@ -420,22 +398,20 @@ LIR_Opr ShenandoahBarrierSetC1::atomic_xchg_at_resolved(LIRAccess& access, LIRIt
   // Handle the previous value through SATB, as we are about to perform the store.
   __ load(addr->as_address_ptr(), tmp);
   if (ShenandoahSATBBarrier) {
-    pre_barrier(gen, access.access_emit_info(), access.decorators(),
-                /* addr_opr (unused) = */ LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr,
-                /* pre_val = */ tmp);
+    keepalive_barrier(gen, /* obj = */ tmp, /* addr = */ LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr, decorators);
   }
 
   // Perform LRB on location to fix it up for this and all following accesses.
   // This is purely opportunistic: we would not have any false negatives here.
   // This guarantees the value loaded later by XCHG is sanitized by some LRB, or is null.
   if (ShenandoahLoadRefBarrier) {
-    load_reference_barrier(gen, /* obj = */ tmp, /* addr = */ addr, access.decorators());
+    load_reference_barrier(gen, /* obj = */ tmp, /* addr = */ addr, decorators);
   }
 
   LIR_Opr result = BarrierSetC1::atomic_xchg_at_resolved(access, value);
 
   if (ShenandoahCardBarrier) {
-    post_barrier(access, /* addr = */ addr);
+    card_barrier(gen, /* addr = */ addr, decorators);
   }
 
   return result;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/c1/shenandoahBarrierSetC1.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/c1/shenandoahBarrierSetC1.hpp
index 413777a61ee..3f064c3569b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/c1/shenandoahBarrierSetC1.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/c1/shenandoahBarrierSetC1.hpp
@@ -29,63 +29,48 @@
 #include "c1/c1_CodeStubs.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/c1/barrierSetC1.hpp"
 
-class ShenandoahPreBarrierStub: public CodeStub {
+class ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierStub: public CodeStub {
   friend class ShenandoahBarrierSetC1;
 private:
-  bool _do_load;
+  LIR_Opr _obj;
   LIR_Opr _addr;
-  LIR_Opr _pre_val;
-  LIR_PatchCode _patch_code;
-  CodeEmitInfo* _info;
+  bool _do_load;
 
 public:
-  // Version that _does_ generate a load of the previous value from addr.
-  // addr (the address of the field to be read) must be a LIR_Address
-  // pre_val (a temporary register) must be a register;
-  ShenandoahPreBarrierStub(LIR_Opr addr, LIR_Opr pre_val, LIR_PatchCode patch_code, CodeEmitInfo* info) :
-    _do_load(true), _addr(addr), _pre_val(pre_val),
-    _patch_code(patch_code), _info(info)
+  ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierStub(LIR_Opr obj, LIR_Opr addr) :
+    _obj(obj), _addr(addr), _do_load(true)
   {
-    assert(_pre_val->is_register(), "should be temporary register");
+    assert(_obj->is_register(), "should be temporary register");
     assert(_addr->is_address(), "should be the address of the field");
     FrameMap* f = Compilation::current()->frame_map();
-    f->update_reserved_argument_area_size(2 * BytesPerWord);
+    f->update_reserved_argument_area_size(1 * BytesPerWord);
   }
 
-  // Version that _does not_ generate load of the previous value; the
-  // previous value is assumed to have already been loaded into pre_val.
-  ShenandoahPreBarrierStub(LIR_Opr pre_val) :
-    _do_load(false), _addr(LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr), _pre_val(pre_val),
-    _patch_code(lir_patch_none), _info(nullptr)
+  ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierStub(LIR_Opr obj) :
+    _obj(obj), _addr(LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr), _do_load(false)
   {
-    assert(_pre_val->is_register(), "should be a register");
+    assert(_obj->is_register(), "should be a register");
+    FrameMap* f = Compilation::current()->frame_map();
+    f->update_reserved_argument_area_size(1 * BytesPerWord);
   }
 
   LIR_Opr addr() const { return _addr; }
-  LIR_Opr pre_val() const { return _pre_val; }
-  LIR_PatchCode patch_code() const { return _patch_code; }
-  CodeEmitInfo* info() const { return _info; }
+  LIR_Opr obj() const { return _obj; }
   bool do_load() const { return _do_load; }
 
   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* e);
   virtual void visit(LIR_OpVisitState* visitor) {
+    visitor->do_slow_case();
     if (_do_load) {
-      // don't pass in the code emit info since it's processed in the fast
-      // path
-      if (_info != nullptr)
-        visitor->do_slow_case(_info);
-      else
-        visitor->do_slow_case();
-
       visitor->do_input(_addr);
-      visitor->do_temp(_pre_val);
+      visitor->do_temp(_addr);
+      visitor->do_temp(_obj);
     } else {
-      visitor->do_slow_case();
-      visitor->do_input(_pre_val);
+      visitor->do_input(_obj);
     }
   }
 #ifndef PRODUCT
-  virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("ShenandoahPreBarrierStub"); }
+  virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierStub"); }
 #endif // PRODUCT
 };
 
@@ -94,29 +79,21 @@ class ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub: public CodeStub {
 private:
   LIR_Opr _obj;
   LIR_Opr _addr;
-  LIR_Opr _result;
-  LIR_Opr _tmp1;
-  LIR_Opr _tmp2;
+  LIR_Opr _slow_result;
   DecoratorSet _decorators;
 public:
-  ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub(LIR_Opr obj, LIR_Opr addr, LIR_Opr result, LIR_Opr tmp1, LIR_Opr tmp2, DecoratorSet decorators) :
-          _obj(obj), _addr(addr), _result(result), _tmp1(tmp1), _tmp2(tmp2), _decorators(decorators)
+  ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub(LIR_Opr obj, LIR_Opr addr, LIR_Opr slow_result, DecoratorSet decorators) :
+    _obj(obj), _addr(addr), _slow_result(slow_result), _decorators(decorators)
   {
     assert(_obj->is_register(), "should be register");
     assert(_addr->is_register(), "should be register");
-    assert(_result->is_register(), "should be register");
-    assert(_tmp1->is_register(), "should be register");
-    assert(_tmp2->is_register(), "should be register");
-
     FrameMap* f = Compilation::current()->frame_map();
     f->update_reserved_argument_area_size(2 * BytesPerWord);
   }
 
   LIR_Opr obj() const { return _obj; }
   LIR_Opr addr() const { return _addr; }
-  LIR_Opr result() const { return _result; }
-  LIR_Opr tmp1() const { return _tmp1; }
-  LIR_Opr tmp2() const { return _tmp2; }
+  LIR_Opr slow_result() const { return _slow_result; }
   DecoratorSet decorators() const { return _decorators; }
 
   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* e);
@@ -124,12 +101,10 @@ class ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub: public CodeStub {
     visitor->do_slow_case();
     visitor->do_input(_obj);
     visitor->do_temp(_obj);
+    visitor->do_output(_obj);
     visitor->do_input(_addr);
     visitor->do_temp(_addr);
-    visitor->do_temp(_result);
-    visitor->do_output(_result);
-    visitor->do_temp(_tmp1);
-    visitor->do_temp(_tmp2);
+    visitor->do_temp(_slow_result);
   }
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub"); }
@@ -138,63 +113,35 @@ class ShenandoahLoadReferenceBarrierStub: public CodeStub {
 
 class ShenandoahBarrierSetC1 : public BarrierSetC1 {
 private:
-  CodeBlob* _pre_barrier_c1_runtime_code_blob;
+  CodeBlob* _keepalive_barrier_c1_runtime_code_blob;
   CodeBlob* _load_reference_barrier_strong_rt_code_blob;
   CodeBlob* _load_reference_barrier_strong_native_rt_code_blob;
   CodeBlob* _load_reference_barrier_weak_rt_code_blob;
   CodeBlob* _load_reference_barrier_phantom_rt_code_blob;
 
-  void pre_barrier(LIRGenerator* gen, CodeEmitInfo* info, DecoratorSet decorators, LIR_Opr addr_opr, LIR_Opr pre_val);
-
-  LIR_Opr load_reference_barrier(LIRGenerator* gen, LIR_Opr obj, LIR_Opr addr, DecoratorSet decorators);
+  void enter_if_gc_state(LIRGenerator* gen, int flags, CodeStub* slow_stub);
 
-  LIR_Opr load_reference_barrier_impl(LIRGenerator* gen, LIR_Opr obj, LIR_Opr addr, DecoratorSet decorators);
+  void keepalive_barrier(LIRGenerator* gen, LIR_Opr obj, LIR_Opr addr, DecoratorSet decorators);
+  void load_reference_barrier(LIRGenerator* gen, LIR_Opr obj, LIR_Opr addr, DecoratorSet decorators);
+  void card_barrier(LIRGenerator* gen, LIR_Opr addr, DecoratorSet decorators);
 
   LIR_Opr ensure_in_register(LIRGenerator* gen, LIR_Opr obj, BasicType type);
 
 public:
   ShenandoahBarrierSetC1();
 
-  CodeBlob* pre_barrier_c1_runtime_code_blob() {
-    assert(_pre_barrier_c1_runtime_code_blob != nullptr, "");
-    return _pre_barrier_c1_runtime_code_blob;
-  }
-
-  CodeBlob* load_reference_barrier_strong_rt_code_blob() {
-    assert(_load_reference_barrier_strong_rt_code_blob != nullptr, "");
-    return _load_reference_barrier_strong_rt_code_blob;
-  }
-
-  CodeBlob* load_reference_barrier_strong_native_rt_code_blob() {
-    assert(_load_reference_barrier_strong_native_rt_code_blob != nullptr, "");
-    return _load_reference_barrier_strong_native_rt_code_blob;
-  }
-
-  CodeBlob* load_reference_barrier_weak_rt_code_blob() {
-    assert(_load_reference_barrier_weak_rt_code_blob != nullptr, "");
-    return _load_reference_barrier_weak_rt_code_blob;
-  }
+  address keepalive_barrier_stub();
+  address load_reference_barrier_stub(DecoratorSet decorators);
 
-  CodeBlob* load_reference_barrier_phantom_rt_code_blob() {
-    assert(_load_reference_barrier_phantom_rt_code_blob != nullptr, "");
-    return _load_reference_barrier_phantom_rt_code_blob;
-  }
+  virtual bool generate_c1_runtime_stubs(BufferBlob* buffer_blob);
 
 protected:
-
   virtual void store_at_resolved(LIRAccess& access, LIR_Opr value);
   virtual LIR_Opr resolve_address(LIRAccess& access, bool resolve_in_register);
   virtual void load_at_resolved(LIRAccess& access, LIR_Opr result);
 
   virtual LIR_Opr atomic_cmpxchg_at_resolved(LIRAccess& access, LIRItem& cmp_value, LIRItem& new_value);
-
   virtual LIR_Opr atomic_xchg_at_resolved(LIRAccess& access, LIRItem& value);
-
-  void post_barrier(LIRAccess& access, LIR_Opr addr);
-
-public:
-
-  virtual bool generate_c1_runtime_stubs(BufferBlob* buffer_blob);
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_C1_SHENANDOAHBARRIERSETC1_HPP

From 38ee41bee390e3d4aaa57cc090f7956cf8b9fe8b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: April Ivy <ivyapril2005@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 2026 06:32:10 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 079/707] 8365887: Outdated comments in String::decode

Reviewed-by: liach, sherman
---
 src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/String.java | 8 --------
 1 file changed, 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/String.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/String.java
index 760f3ebc255..9f56ceb445a 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/String.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/String.java
@@ -671,14 +671,6 @@ private static String ascii(byte[] bytes, int offset, int length) {
     }
 
     private static String decode(Charset charset, byte[] bytes, int offset, int length) {
-        // (1)We never cache the "external" cs, the only benefit of creating
-        // an additional StringDe/Encoder object to wrap it is to share the
-        // de/encode() method. These SD/E objects are short-lived, the young-gen
-        // gc should be able to take care of them well. But the best approach
-        // is still not to generate them if not really necessary.
-        // (2)The defensive copy of the input byte/char[] has a big performance
-        // impact, as well as the outgoing result byte/char[]. Need to do the
-        // optimization check of (sm==null && classLoader0==null) for both.
         CharsetDecoder cd = charset.newDecoder();
         // ArrayDecoder fastpaths
         if (cd instanceof ArrayDecoder ad) {

From fea0c229130770230f97a7665dadefe42ef1f9fd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Du=EF=BF=BDan=20B=EF=BF=BDlek?= <dbalek@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 2026 07:04:54 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 080/707] 8387215: On-demand attribution of a record
 constructor body causes javac to emit an invalid diagnostic

Reviewed-by: jlahoda
---
 .../JavacProcessingEnvironment.java           |   3 +-
 .../OnDemandAttributionRecordConstructor.java | 215 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 217 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 test/langtools/tools/javac/processing/model/trees/OnDemandAttributionRecordConstructor.java

diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/processing/JavacProcessingEnvironment.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/processing/JavacProcessingEnvironment.java
index 11fa3a5aebf..ede75a73824 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/processing/JavacProcessingEnvironment.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/processing/JavacProcessingEnvironment.java
@@ -1547,7 +1547,8 @@ public void visitClassDef(JCClassDecl node) {
             }
             public void visitMethodDef(JCMethodDecl node) {
                 // remove super constructor call that may have been added during attribution:
-                if (TreeInfo.isConstructor(node) && node.sym != null && node.sym.owner.isEnum() &&
+                if (TreeInfo.isConstructor(node) && node.sym != null &&
+                    (node.sym.owner.isEnum() || TreeInfo.isCanonicalConstructor(node)) &&
                     node.body != null && node.body.stats.nonEmpty() && TreeInfo.isSuperCall(node.body.stats.head) &&
                     node.body.stats.head.pos == node.body.pos) {
                     node.body.stats = node.body.stats.tail;
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/processing/model/trees/OnDemandAttributionRecordConstructor.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/processing/model/trees/OnDemandAttributionRecordConstructor.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..37d1541f18a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/processing/model/trees/OnDemandAttributionRecordConstructor.java
@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8387215
+ * @summary Check that javac does not report invalid errors when compiling a valid
+ *          compact record constructor when an on-demand attribution is triggered
+ *          by an annotation processor calling Trees.getElement(...) for identifiers
+ *          inside the constructor.
+ * @library /tools/lib
+ * @modules
+ *      jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.api
+ *      jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.main
+ * @build toolbox.ToolBox toolbox.JavacTask
+ * @run junit ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+import com.sun.source.tree.IdentifierTree;
+import com.sun.source.tree.MethodTree;
+import com.sun.source.tree.Tree;
+import com.sun.source.util.TreePath;
+import com.sun.source.util.TreePathScanner;
+import com.sun.source.util.Trees;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
+import javax.annotation.processing.AbstractProcessor;
+import javax.annotation.processing.ProcessingEnvironment;
+import javax.annotation.processing.RoundEnvironment;
+import javax.annotation.processing.SupportedAnnotationTypes;
+import javax.annotation.processing.SupportedOptions;
+import javax.lang.model.element.Element;
+import javax.lang.model.element.TypeElement;
+import javax.tools.Diagnostic;
+import toolbox.JavacTask;
+import toolbox.ToolBox;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInfo;
+import toolbox.Task;
+
+public class OnDemandAttributionRecordConstructor {
+
+    Path base;
+    ToolBox tb = new ToolBox();
+
+    @Test
+    void testCompactRecordConstructorWithGetElementCall() throws Exception {
+        Path classes = base.resolve("classes");
+        Files.createDirectories(classes);
+        new JavacTask(tb)
+                .options("-d", classes.toString())
+                .sources("""
+                         record Repro(String name) {
+                             Repro {
+                                 name = name.trim();
+                             }
+                         }
+                         """)
+                .processors(new ProcessorImpl())
+                .run()
+                .writeAll();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testCompactRecordConstructorWithoutGetElementCall() throws Exception {
+        Path classes = base.resolve("classes");
+        Files.createDirectories(classes);
+        new JavacTask(tb)
+                .options("-d", classes.toString(), "-AskipGetElement=true")
+                .sources("""
+                         record Repro(String name) {
+                             Repro {
+                                 name = name.trim();
+                             }
+                         }
+                         """)
+                .processors(new ProcessorImpl())
+                .run()
+                .writeAll();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testCanonicalRecordConstructorWithGetElementCall() throws Exception {
+        Path classes = base.resolve("classes");
+        Files.createDirectories(classes);
+        new JavacTask(tb)
+                .options("-d", classes.toString())
+                .sources("""
+                         record Repro(String name) {
+                             Repro(String name) {
+                                 this.name = name.trim();
+                             }
+                         }
+                         """)
+                .processors(new ProcessorImpl())
+                .run()
+                .writeAll();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testBrokenRecordConstructorWithGetElementCall() throws Exception {
+        Path classes = base.resolve("classes");
+        Files.createDirectories(classes);
+        List<String> out = new JavacTask(tb)
+                .options("-d", classes.toString(), "-XDrawDiagnostics", "-nowarn")
+                .sources("""
+                         record Repro(String name) {
+                             Repro(String name) {
+                                 super(); //illegal
+                                 this.name = name.trim();
+                             }
+                         }
+                         """)
+                .processors(new ProcessorImpl())
+                .run(Task.Expect.FAIL)
+                .writeAll()
+                .getOutputLines(Task.OutputKind.DIRECT);
+        tb.checkEqual(out, List.of(
+                "Repro.java:2:5: compiler.err.invalid.canonical.constructor.in.record: (compiler.misc.canonical), Repro, (compiler.misc.canonical.must.not.contain.explicit.constructor.invocation)",
+                "1 error"));
+    }
+
+    @SupportedAnnotationTypes("*")
+    @SupportedOptions(ProcessorImpl.SKIP_GET_ELEMENT)
+    private static class ProcessorImpl extends AbstractProcessor {
+
+        private static final String SKIP_GET_ELEMENT = "skipGetElement";
+        private Trees trees;
+
+        @Override
+        public synchronized void init(ProcessingEnvironment processingEnv) {
+            super.init(processingEnv);
+            trees = Trees.instance(processingEnv);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean process(Set<? extends TypeElement> annotations, RoundEnvironment roundEnv) {
+            if (roundEnv.processingOver()) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            for (Element rootElement : roundEnv.getRootElements()) {
+                TreePath rootPath = trees.getPath(rootElement);
+                if (rootPath == null) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                new TreePathScanner<Void, Void>() {
+                    @Override
+                    public Void visitIdentifier(IdentifierTree node, Void unused) {
+                        TreePath currentPath = getCurrentPath();
+                        if (!skipGetElement() && insideRecordConstructor(currentPath)) {
+                            processingEnv.getMessager()
+                                    .printMessage(Diagnostic.Kind.NOTE,
+                                                  "Calling Trees.getElement for identifier '" + node.getName()
+                                                          + "' inside a record constructor");
+                            trees.getElement(currentPath);
+                        }
+                        return super.visitIdentifier(node, unused);
+                    }
+                }.scan(rootPath, null);
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        private boolean skipGetElement() {
+            return Boolean.parseBoolean(processingEnv.getOptions().get(SKIP_GET_ELEMENT));
+        }
+
+        private static boolean insideRecordConstructor(TreePath path) {
+            TreePath current = path;
+            while (current != null) {
+                if (current.getLeaf() instanceof MethodTree method
+                        && method.getReturnType() == null
+                        && current.getParentPath() != null
+                        && current.getParentPath().getLeaf().getKind() == Tree.Kind.RECORD) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+                current = current.getParentPath();
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @BeforeEach
+    public void setUp(TestInfo info) {
+        base = Paths.get(".")
+                    .resolve(info.getTestMethod()
+                                 .orElseThrow()
+                                 .getName());
+    }
+}

From b6e7b2b29213134a1a35fe34501b2fb94c04d70a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Quan Anh Mai <qamai@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 2026 08:04:23 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 081/707] 8385420: C2: SIGSEGV in compiled code due to missing
 ctrl

Reviewed-by: vlivanov, epeter, dlong
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp            | 35 ++++++++----
 src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp               | 21 ++++++++
 src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp               |  1 +
 .../TestRemoveCastPPWithCMoveUse.java         | 53 +++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 100 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/controldependency/TestRemoveCastPPWithCMoveUse.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
index e7dc57524eb..e283d9b97ad 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
@@ -3481,22 +3481,37 @@ void Compile::final_graph_reshaping_main_switch(Node* n, Final_Reshape_Counts& f
       ResourceMark rm;
       Unique_Node_List wq;
       wq.push(n);
+
+
+      // When we remove a CastPP, we need to pin all of its transitive users under the control of
+      // the removed node. The simplest approach is to pin all of the uses of the removed CastPP,
+      // but it is overly conservative, as an AddP does not really need pinning. As a result, we
+      // look through those nodes that do not need pinning and only pin memory access nodes under
+      // n->in(0).
       for (uint next = 0; next < wq.size(); ++next) {
         Node *m = wq.at(next);
         for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = m->fast_outs(imax); i < imax; i++) {
           Node* use = m->fast_out(i);
-          if (use->is_Mem() || use->is_EncodeNarrowPtr()) {
+          int use_op = use->Opcode();
+          if (use->is_CFG() || use->pinned() ||               // already pinned at the exact control
+              use->is_Cmp() || use->Opcode() == Op_CastP2X) { // pure computations
+            continue;
+          } else if (use->is_EncodeNarrowPtr() ||        // EncodeP remembers whether its input is nullable, so it must be pinned
+                     use_op == Op_PartialSubtypeCheck || // This accesses its pointer inputs, so it must depend on them being not-null
+                     use->is_Mem() || use->is_memory_access_intrinsic()) {
             use->ensure_control_or_add_prec(n->in(0));
+          } else if (use_op == Op_AddP    ||
+                     use_op == Op_CastPP  || use_op == Op_CheckCastPP ||
+                     use_op == Op_CMoveP  || use_op == Op_CMoveN      ||
+                     use_op == Op_DecodeN || use_op == Op_DecodeNKlass) {
+            // Look through use to find memory accesses if use does not need pinning
+            wq.push(use);
           } else {
-            switch(use->Opcode()) {
-            case Op_AddP:
-            case Op_DecodeN:
-            case Op_DecodeNKlass:
-            case Op_CheckCastPP:
-            case Op_CastPP:
-              wq.push(use);
-              break;
-            }
+            // Should have handled all kinds of nodes, verify that we do not unexpectedly arrive
+            // here
+            assert(false, "unexpected node %s", use->Name());
+            // Be conservative in product and pin the unexpected use
+            use->ensure_control_or_add_prec(n->in(0));
           }
         }
       }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp
index 997ce92fe1c..1210693f957 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp
@@ -3001,6 +3001,27 @@ bool Node::is_data_proj_of_pure_function(const Node* maybe_pure_function) const
   return Opcode() == Op_Proj && as_Proj()->_con == TypeFunc::Parms && maybe_pure_function->is_CallLeafPure();
 }
 
+// Whether this is an intrinsic node that accesses memory and has a memory input, such as array
+// equal intrinsic. Some nodes do access memory but do not have a memory input, such as
+// PartialSubTypeCheck, they are not included here.
+bool Node::is_memory_access_intrinsic() const {
+  switch (Opcode()) {
+    case Op_StrComp:
+    case Op_StrEquals:
+    case Op_StrIndexOf:
+    case Op_StrIndexOfChar:
+    case Op_StrCompressedCopy:
+    case Op_StrInflatedCopy:
+    case Op_AryEq:
+    case Op_CountPositives:
+    case Op_VectorizedHashCode:
+    case Op_EncodeISOArray:
+      return true;
+    default:
+      return false;
+  }
+}
+
 //--------------------------has_non_debug_uses------------------------------
 // Checks whether the node has any non-debug uses or not.
 bool Node::has_non_debug_uses() const {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp
index 1ef4b5a51b6..92bd03c0d63 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp
@@ -1069,6 +1069,7 @@ class Node {
   uint is_Copy() const { return (_flags & Flag_is_Copy); }
 
   virtual bool is_CFG() const { return false; }
+  bool is_memory_access_intrinsic() const;
 
   // If this node is control-dependent on a test, can it be rerouted to a dominating equivalent
   // test? This means that the node can be executed safely as long as it happens after the test
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/controldependency/TestRemoveCastPPWithCMoveUse.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/controldependency/TestRemoveCastPPWithCMoveUse.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3d752cc74f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/controldependency/TestRemoveCastPPWithCMoveUse.java
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package compiler.controldependency;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8385420
+ * @summary C2 correctly handles the case when the removed CastPPNode has a CMove use.
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+StressGCM ${test.main.class}
+ *
+ */
+public class TestRemoveCastPPWithCMoveUse {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; i++) {
+            test(null, false);
+            test(null, true);
+            test("", false);
+            test("", true);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int test(String a, boolean flag) {
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+        if (a == null) {
+            sb.append("");
+        } else {
+            sb.append(flag ? a : "");
+        }
+        return sb.length();
+    }
+}

From c289cf502c1f946aae863e71692a2fefeb891dee Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Sean Mullan <mullan@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 2026 15:12:03 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 082/707] 8377102: cacerts jlink plugin

Reviewed-by: alanb
---
 .../jlink/internal/plugins/CACertsPlugin.java | 114 +++++++++++++++++
 .../tools/jlink/resources/plugins.properties  |  16 ++-
 src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/module-info.java  |   5 +-
 src/jdk.jlink/share/man/jlink.md              |  10 ++
 .../jlink/plugins/CACertsPluginTest.java      | 120 ++++++++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 262 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jlink/internal/plugins/CACertsPlugin.java
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/CACertsPluginTest.java

diff --git a/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jlink/internal/plugins/CACertsPlugin.java b/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jlink/internal/plugins/CACertsPlugin.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3f663983828
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jlink/internal/plugins/CACertsPlugin.java
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package jdk.tools.jlink.internal.plugins;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.security.KeyStore;
+import java.security.cert.Certificate;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import jdk.tools.jlink.internal.ResourcePoolEntryFactory;
+import jdk.tools.jlink.plugin.PluginException;
+import jdk.tools.jlink.plugin.ResourcePool;
+import jdk.tools.jlink.plugin.ResourcePoolBuilder;
+import jdk.tools.jlink.plugin.ResourcePoolEntry;
+
+/**
+ * Creates the cacerts keystore in the output image with the certificates of
+ * the specified aliases only.
+ */
+public class CACertsPlugin extends AbstractPlugin {
+
+    private static final String RES = "/java.base/lib/security/cacerts";
+
+    // cacerts keystore aliases
+    private String[] aliases;
+
+    public CACertsPlugin() {
+        super("cacerts");
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean hasArguments() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void configure(Map<String, String> config) {
+        String option = config.get(getName());
+        if (option == null) {
+            throw new AssertionError();
+        }
+        // If alias has a comma in it, this won't work, but no cacerts
+        // aliases have commas.
+        aliases = option.split(",");
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public ResourcePool transform(ResourcePool in, ResourcePoolBuilder out) {
+        in.transformAndCopy(res -> {
+            if (res.type() == ResourcePoolEntry.Type.NATIVE_LIB &&
+                    res.path().equals(RES)) {
+                byte[] cacerts = transformCACerts(res.content());
+                return ResourcePoolEntryFactory.create(res, cacerts);
+            }
+            return res;
+        }, out);
+        return out.build();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a keystore containing only the certificates of the specified
+     * aliases.
+     */
+    private byte[] transformCACerts(InputStream content) {
+        try {
+            var ks = KeyStore.getInstance("PKCS12");
+            ks.load(content, null);
+            Map<String, Certificate> certs = new HashMap<>(aliases.length);
+            for (var alias : aliases) {
+                var cert = ks.getCertificate(alias);
+                if (cert == null) {
+                    throw new PluginException(
+                        "alias " + alias + " does not exist");
+                }
+                certs.put(alias, cert);
+            }
+            ks.load(null, null);
+            for (var entry : certs.entrySet()) {
+                ks.setCertificateEntry(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
+            }
+            var baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+            ks.store(baos, null);
+            return baos.toByteArray();
+        } catch (PluginException pe) {
+            throw pe;
+        } catch (Exception ex) {
+            throw new PluginException(ex);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jlink/resources/plugins.properties b/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jlink/resources/plugins.properties
index 7e3c26fa7b8..892ba73249e 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jlink/resources/plugins.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jlink/resources/plugins.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -53,6 +53,20 @@ release-info.usage=\
 \                            Any number of <key>=<value> pairs can be passed.\n\
 \                            del: is to delete the list of keys in release file.
 
+cacerts.argument=<alias>[,<alias>]*
+
+cacerts.description=\
+Create the cacerts keystore in the output image with only the certificates\n\
+of the specified aliases. <alias> is the name of an alias in the cacerts\n\
+keystore in the java.base module.
+
+cacerts.usage=\
+\  --cacerts <alias>[,<alias>]*\n\
+\                            Create the cacerts keystore in the output image\n\
+\                            with only the certificates of the specified\n\
+\                            aliases. <alias> is the name of an alias in the\n\
+\                            cacerts keystore in the java.base module.
+
 class-for-name.argument=
 
 class-for-name.description=\
diff --git a/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/module-info.java b/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/module-info.java
index ba66da53604..0adc1ce6d37 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/module-info.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/module-info.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -81,5 +81,6 @@
         jdk.tools.jlink.internal.plugins.VendorVMBugURLPlugin,
         jdk.tools.jlink.internal.plugins.VendorVersionPlugin,
         jdk.tools.jlink.internal.plugins.CDSPlugin,
-        jdk.tools.jlink.internal.plugins.SaveJlinkArgfilesPlugin;
+        jdk.tools.jlink.internal.plugins.SaveJlinkArgfilesPlugin,
+        jdk.tools.jlink.internal.plugins.CACertsPlugin;
 }
diff --git a/src/jdk.jlink/share/man/jlink.md b/src/jdk.jlink/share/man/jlink.md
index b95424fdde9..1ee4d08646d 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jlink/share/man/jlink.md
+++ b/src/jdk.jlink/share/man/jlink.md
@@ -235,6 +235,16 @@ Options
 Description
 :   Generate CDS archive if the runtime image supports the CDS feature.
 
+### Plugin `cacerts`
+
+Options
+:   `--cacerts=`*alias*\[`,`*alias*\]\*
+
+Description
+:   Create the `cacerts` keystore in the output image with only the
+    certificates of the specified aliases. *alias* is the name of an alias
+    in the `cacerts` keystore in the java.base module.
+
 ## jlink Examples
 
 The following command creates a runtime image in the directory `greetingsapp`.
diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/CACertsPluginTest.java b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/CACertsPluginTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8ca720be639
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/CACertsPluginTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.security.KeyStore;
+import java.security.cert.Certificate;
+import java.util.Enumeration;
+
+import jtreg.SkippedException;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.security.SecurityUtils;
+import jdk.tools.jlink.internal.LinkableRuntimeImage;
+import tests.Helper;
+
+/* @test
+ * @bug 8377102
+ * @summary Test the --cacerts plugin
+ * @library ../../lib /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.jimage
+ *          jdk.jlink/jdk.tools.jimage
+ *          jdk.jlink/jdk.tools.jlink.internal
+ * @build tests.*
+ * @run main/othervm CACertsPluginTest
+ */
+
+public class CACertsPluginTest {
+
+    private static Helper helper;
+
+    private static final String CACERTS_PATH = "lib/security/cacerts";
+    private static final boolean LINKABLE_RUNTIME =
+            LinkableRuntimeImage.isLinkableRuntime();
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
+
+        helper = Helper.newHelper(LINKABLE_RUNTIME);
+        if (helper == null) {
+            throw new SkippedException("Test not run");
+        }
+
+        KeyStore jdkCacerts = SecurityUtils.getCacertsKeyStore();
+        Enumeration<String> aliases = jdkCacerts.aliases();
+        String alias1 = aliases.nextElement();
+        String alias2 = aliases.nextElement();
+
+        // test one alias
+        test("testOne", jdkCacerts, alias1);
+
+        // test two aliases
+        test("testTwo", jdkCacerts, alias1, alias2);
+
+        // test illegal/bad options
+        testBadOptions();
+    }
+
+    private static void test(String module, KeyStore jdkCacerts,
+            String... aliases) throws Exception {
+
+        helper.generateDefaultJModule(module);
+
+        String option = toOption(aliases);
+        Path image = helper.generateDefaultImage(
+                new String[] { "--cacerts", option }, module).assertSuccess();
+        helper.checkImage(image, module, null, null,
+                new String[] { CACERTS_PATH });
+
+        KeyStore imageCacerts = KeyStore.getInstance(
+                image.resolve(CACERTS_PATH).toFile(), (char[]) null);
+
+        Asserts.assertEquals(imageCacerts.size(), aliases.length);
+        for (String alias : aliases) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(imageCacerts.isCertificateEntry(alias));
+            Asserts.assertEquals(
+                    jdkCacerts.getCertificate(alias),
+                    imageCacerts.getCertificate(alias));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void testBadOptions() throws Exception {
+
+        String module = "testBad";
+        helper.generateDefaultJModule(module);
+        helper.generateDefaultImage(new String[]
+                { "--cacerts", "bogus-alias" }, module)
+                .assertFailure("alias bogus-alias does not exist");
+    }
+
+    private static String toOption(String... aliases) {
+        int max = aliases.length - 1;
+
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+        for (int i = 0; ; i++) {
+            sb.append(aliases[i]);
+            if (i == max) {
+                return sb.toString();
+            }
+            sb.append(",");
+        }
+    }
+}

From 548a95379f159a0dc369f6bb80d8167ec835c7cd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jatin Bhateja <jbhateja@openjdk.org>
Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2026 01:46:53 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 083/707] 8386163: C2 Vector API:
 assert(collect_unique_inputs(n, inputs) == 1) failed: not unary

Reviewed-by: vlivanov, epeter
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp            | 12 ++-
 .../vectorapi/TestMaskedNotAllOnes.java       | 84 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 89 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestMaskedNotAllOnes.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
index e283d9b97ad..a2e5899a1e9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
@@ -2721,13 +2721,11 @@ static uint collect_unique_inputs(Node* n, Unique_Node_List& inputs) {
   if (is_vector_bitwise_op(n)) {
     uint inp_cnt = n->is_predicated_vector() ? n->req()-1 : n->req();
     if (VectorNode::is_vector_bitwise_not_pattern(n)) {
-      for (uint i = 1; i < inp_cnt; i++) {
-        Node* in = n->in(i);
-        bool skip = VectorNode::is_all_ones_vector(in);
-        if (!skip && !inputs.member(in)) {
-          inputs.push(in);
-          cnt++;
-        }
+      assert(n->req() == (n->is_predicated_vector() ? 4 : 3), "must have 2 data inputs");
+      Node* opnd = VectorNode::is_all_ones_vector(n->in(1)) ? n->in(2) : n->in(1);
+      if (!inputs.member(opnd)) {
+        inputs.push(opnd);
+        cnt++;
       }
       assert(cnt <= 1, "not unary");
     } else {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestMaskedNotAllOnes.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestMaskedNotAllOnes.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6abf88ed06f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestMaskedNotAllOnes.java
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8386163
+ * @summary Checks there is no assertion failure with macro logic optimization when both inputs of not patterns are all one vectors
+ * @modules jdk.incubator.vector
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.vectorapi;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import compiler.lib.verify.Verify;
+import jdk.incubator.vector.IntVector;
+import jdk.incubator.vector.VectorMask;
+import jdk.incubator.vector.VectorOperators;
+import jdk.incubator.vector.VectorSpecies;
+
+public class TestMaskedNotAllOnes {
+
+    private static final VectorSpecies<Integer> ISP = IntVector.SPECIES_PREFERRED;
+    private static final int VALUE = 1234567;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestFramework.runWithFlags("--add-modules=jdk.incubator.vector");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    static int[] testMaskedDivNegOne() {
+        IntVector v = IntVector.broadcast(ISP, VALUE);
+        VectorMask<Integer> mask = VectorMask.fromLong(ISP, -1L);
+        int[] out = new int[ISP.length()];
+        v.div(-1, mask).intoArray(out, 0);
+        return out;
+    }
+
+    static final int[] GOLD_DIV = testMaskedDivNegOne();
+
+    @Check(test = "testMaskedDivNegOne")
+    static void checkMaskedDivNegOne(int[] out) {
+        Verify.checkEQ(GOLD_DIV, out);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    static int[] testMaskedNotAllOnesVector() {
+        IntVector allOnes = IntVector.broadcast(ISP, -1);
+        VectorMask<Integer> mask = VectorMask.fromLong(ISP, -1L);
+        int[] out = new int[ISP.length()];
+        allOnes.lanewise(VectorOperators.NOT, mask).intoArray(out, 0);
+        return out;
+    }
+
+    static final int[] GOLD_NOT = testMaskedNotAllOnesVector();
+
+    @Check(test = "testMaskedNotAllOnesVector")
+    static void checkMaskedNotAllOnesVector(int[] out) {
+        Verify.checkEQ(GOLD_NOT, out);
+    }
+}

From dc4b150bcf816c65baba831bd4bc8f4d1dda468e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Saint Wesonga <swesonga@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 03:32:15 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 084/707] 8378892: TestTrampoline fails on Windows AArch64

Reviewed-by: dlong, macarte
---
 .../jtreg/compiler/c2/aarch64/TestTrampoline.java      | 10 +++++++---
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/aarch64/TestTrampoline.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/aarch64/TestTrampoline.java
index 114f7f9bfab..084f63279bf 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/aarch64/TestTrampoline.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/aarch64/TestTrampoline.java
@@ -89,15 +89,19 @@ private static void checkOutput(OutputAnalyzer output) {
     }
 
     static class Test {
-        private static void test(String s, int i) {
+        // Use a StringBuilder to avoid issues with String.charAt() not being
+        // inlined on Windows because its UTF-16 path was executed at startup
+        // but not enough for C2 to inline it.
+        private static void test(StringBuilder s, int i) {
             if (s.charAt(i) > 128)
                 throw new RuntimeException();
         }
 
         public static void main(String[] args) {
-            String s = "Returns the char value at the specified index.";
+            var sb = new StringBuilder();
+            sb.append("Returns the char value at the specified index.");
             for (int i = 0; i < ITERATIONS_TO_HEAT_LOOP; ++i) {
-                test(s, i % s.length());
+                test(sb, i % sb.length());
             }
         }
     }

From db1482615e4c8489a8d16bc0985d6e50a88c9409 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David Holmes <dholmes@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 05:00:28 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 085/707] 8387378: [BACKOUT] C2: SIGSEGV in compiled code due
 to missing ctrl

Reviewed-by: jpai
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp            | 35 ++++--------
 src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp               | 21 --------
 src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp               |  1 -
 .../TestRemoveCastPPWithCMoveUse.java         | 53 -------------------
 4 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 100 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/controldependency/TestRemoveCastPPWithCMoveUse.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
index a2e5899a1e9..a273bb6053e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
@@ -3479,37 +3479,22 @@ void Compile::final_graph_reshaping_main_switch(Node* n, Final_Reshape_Counts& f
       ResourceMark rm;
       Unique_Node_List wq;
       wq.push(n);
-
-
-      // When we remove a CastPP, we need to pin all of its transitive users under the control of
-      // the removed node. The simplest approach is to pin all of the uses of the removed CastPP,
-      // but it is overly conservative, as an AddP does not really need pinning. As a result, we
-      // look through those nodes that do not need pinning and only pin memory access nodes under
-      // n->in(0).
       for (uint next = 0; next < wq.size(); ++next) {
         Node *m = wq.at(next);
         for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = m->fast_outs(imax); i < imax; i++) {
           Node* use = m->fast_out(i);
-          int use_op = use->Opcode();
-          if (use->is_CFG() || use->pinned() ||               // already pinned at the exact control
-              use->is_Cmp() || use->Opcode() == Op_CastP2X) { // pure computations
-            continue;
-          } else if (use->is_EncodeNarrowPtr() ||        // EncodeP remembers whether its input is nullable, so it must be pinned
-                     use_op == Op_PartialSubtypeCheck || // This accesses its pointer inputs, so it must depend on them being not-null
-                     use->is_Mem() || use->is_memory_access_intrinsic()) {
+          if (use->is_Mem() || use->is_EncodeNarrowPtr()) {
             use->ensure_control_or_add_prec(n->in(0));
-          } else if (use_op == Op_AddP    ||
-                     use_op == Op_CastPP  || use_op == Op_CheckCastPP ||
-                     use_op == Op_CMoveP  || use_op == Op_CMoveN      ||
-                     use_op == Op_DecodeN || use_op == Op_DecodeNKlass) {
-            // Look through use to find memory accesses if use does not need pinning
-            wq.push(use);
           } else {
-            // Should have handled all kinds of nodes, verify that we do not unexpectedly arrive
-            // here
-            assert(false, "unexpected node %s", use->Name());
-            // Be conservative in product and pin the unexpected use
-            use->ensure_control_or_add_prec(n->in(0));
+            switch(use->Opcode()) {
+            case Op_AddP:
+            case Op_DecodeN:
+            case Op_DecodeNKlass:
+            case Op_CheckCastPP:
+            case Op_CastPP:
+              wq.push(use);
+              break;
+            }
           }
         }
       }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp
index 1210693f957..997ce92fe1c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp
@@ -3001,27 +3001,6 @@ bool Node::is_data_proj_of_pure_function(const Node* maybe_pure_function) const
   return Opcode() == Op_Proj && as_Proj()->_con == TypeFunc::Parms && maybe_pure_function->is_CallLeafPure();
 }
 
-// Whether this is an intrinsic node that accesses memory and has a memory input, such as array
-// equal intrinsic. Some nodes do access memory but do not have a memory input, such as
-// PartialSubTypeCheck, they are not included here.
-bool Node::is_memory_access_intrinsic() const {
-  switch (Opcode()) {
-    case Op_StrComp:
-    case Op_StrEquals:
-    case Op_StrIndexOf:
-    case Op_StrIndexOfChar:
-    case Op_StrCompressedCopy:
-    case Op_StrInflatedCopy:
-    case Op_AryEq:
-    case Op_CountPositives:
-    case Op_VectorizedHashCode:
-    case Op_EncodeISOArray:
-      return true;
-    default:
-      return false;
-  }
-}
-
 //--------------------------has_non_debug_uses------------------------------
 // Checks whether the node has any non-debug uses or not.
 bool Node::has_non_debug_uses() const {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp
index 92bd03c0d63..1ef4b5a51b6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp
@@ -1069,7 +1069,6 @@ class Node {
   uint is_Copy() const { return (_flags & Flag_is_Copy); }
 
   virtual bool is_CFG() const { return false; }
-  bool is_memory_access_intrinsic() const;
 
   // If this node is control-dependent on a test, can it be rerouted to a dominating equivalent
   // test? This means that the node can be executed safely as long as it happens after the test
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/controldependency/TestRemoveCastPPWithCMoveUse.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/controldependency/TestRemoveCastPPWithCMoveUse.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 3d752cc74f5..00000000000
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/controldependency/TestRemoveCastPPWithCMoveUse.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
- *
- * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
- * accompanied this code).
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
- * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *
- * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
- * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
- * questions.
- */
-package compiler.controldependency;
-
-/*
- * @test
- * @bug 8385420
- * @summary C2 correctly handles the case when the removed CastPPNode has a CMove use.
- * @run main ${test.main.class}
- * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::test
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+StressGCM ${test.main.class}
- *
- */
-public class TestRemoveCastPPWithCMoveUse {
-    public static void main(String[] args) {
-        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; i++) {
-            test(null, false);
-            test(null, true);
-            test("", false);
-            test("", true);
-        }
-    }
-
-    static int test(String a, boolean flag) {
-        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
-        if (a == null) {
-            sb.append("");
-        } else {
-            sb.append(flag ? a : "");
-        }
-        return sb.length();
-    }
-}

From 56b4a547d81d968b1441186e8cb28360a8ce6cfd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Albert Mingkun Yang <ayang@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 05:35:47 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 086/707] 8386480: Parallel: Avoid Triggering GC Before VM
 Initialization Completes

Reviewed-by: gli, tschatzl, aboldtch
---
 .../gc/parallel/parallelScavengeHeap.cpp      | 28 ++++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 15 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/parallelScavengeHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/parallelScavengeHeap.cpp
index b77294a2ac1..7aa88110fc8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/parallelScavengeHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/parallelScavengeHeap.cpp
@@ -308,11 +308,26 @@ HeapWord* ParallelScavengeHeap::mem_allocate_work(size_t size, bool is_tlab) {
   for (uint loop_count = 0; /* empty */; ++loop_count) {
     HeapWord* result;
     {
+      // This lock is needed to sync with the VM-init expansion below.
       ConditionalMutexLocker locker(Heap_lock, !is_init_completed());
       result = mem_allocate_cas_noexpand(size, is_tlab);
       if (result != nullptr) {
         return result;
       }
+
+      if (!is_init_completed()) {
+        // Double checked locking, this ensure that is_init_completed() does not
+        // transition while expanding the heap.
+        MonitorLocker ml(InitCompleted_lock, Monitor::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
+        if (!is_init_completed()) {
+          result = expand_heap_and_allocate(size, is_tlab);
+          // Return the result if it's tlab-allocation. If the result is null, callers will retry
+          // non-tlab allocation.
+          if (result != nullptr || is_tlab) {
+            return result;
+          }
+        }
+      }
     }
 
     // Read total_collections() under the lock so that multiple
@@ -328,19 +343,6 @@ HeapWord* ParallelScavengeHeap::mem_allocate_work(size_t size, bool is_tlab) {
         return result;
       }
 
-      if (!is_init_completed()) {
-        // Double checked locking, this ensure that is_init_completed() does not
-        // transition while expanding the heap.
-        MonitorLocker ml(InitCompleted_lock, Monitor::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
-        if (!is_init_completed()) {
-          // Can't do GC; try heap expansion to satisfy the request.
-          result = expand_heap_and_allocate(size, is_tlab);
-          if (result != nullptr) {
-            return result;
-          }
-        }
-      }
-
       gc_count = total_collections();
     }
 

From b735de6d7190afde0fb056d7c439938439744576 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Stein <cstein@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 06:48:27 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 087/707] 8386844: Update to use jtreg 8.3

Reviewed-by: erikj, lancea, iris, vromero
---
 make/autoconf/lib-tests.m4    | 2 +-
 make/conf/github-actions.conf | 2 +-
 make/conf/jib-profiles.js     | 4 ++--
 test/docs/TEST.ROOT           | 2 +-
 test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.ROOT  | 2 +-
 test/jaxp/TEST.ROOT           | 2 +-
 test/jdk/TEST.ROOT            | 2 +-
 test/langtools/TEST.ROOT      | 2 +-
 test/lib-test/TEST.ROOT       | 2 +-
 9 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/make/autoconf/lib-tests.m4 b/make/autoconf/lib-tests.m4
index faaf229eacd..89f9bf425e1 100644
--- a/make/autoconf/lib-tests.m4
+++ b/make/autoconf/lib-tests.m4
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 ################################################################################
 
 # Minimum supported versions
-JTREG_MINIMUM_VERSION=8.2.1
+JTREG_MINIMUM_VERSION=8.3
 GTEST_MINIMUM_VERSION=1.14.0
 
 ################################################################################
diff --git a/make/conf/github-actions.conf b/make/conf/github-actions.conf
index 9aee8e87e3c..6c5805f0764 100644
--- a/make/conf/github-actions.conf
+++ b/make/conf/github-actions.conf
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 # Versions and download locations for dependencies used by GitHub Actions (GHA)
 
 GTEST_VERSION=1.14.0
-JTREG_VERSION=8.2.1+1
+JTREG_VERSION=8.3+1
 
 LINUX_X64_BOOT_JDK_EXT=tar.gz
 LINUX_X64_BOOT_JDK_URL=https://download.java.net/java/GA/jdk26/c3cc523845074aa0af4f5e1e1ed4151d/35/GPL/openjdk-26_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz
diff --git a/make/conf/jib-profiles.js b/make/conf/jib-profiles.js
index 20315cda97d..b425c66a34c 100644
--- a/make/conf/jib-profiles.js
+++ b/make/conf/jib-profiles.js
@@ -1174,9 +1174,9 @@ var getJibProfilesDependencies = function (input, common) {
         jtreg: {
             server: "jpg",
             product: "jtreg",
-            version: "8.2.1",
+            version: "8.3",
             build_number: "1",
-            file: "bundles/jtreg-8.2.1+1.zip",
+            file: "bundles/jtreg-8.3+1.zip",
             environment_name: "JT_HOME",
             environment_path: input.get("jtreg", "home_path") + "/bin",
             configure_args: "--with-jtreg=" + input.get("jtreg", "home_path"),
diff --git a/test/docs/TEST.ROOT b/test/docs/TEST.ROOT
index 11cba9c1c88..a42f6c99aa1 100644
--- a/test/docs/TEST.ROOT
+++ b/test/docs/TEST.ROOT
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 groups=TEST.groups
 
 # Minimum jtreg version
-requiredVersion=8.2.1+1
+requiredVersion=8.3+1
 
 
 # Path to libraries in the topmost test directory. This is needed so @library
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.ROOT b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.ROOT
index 964c33bc57c..77f48171522 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.ROOT
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.ROOT
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ requires.properties= \
     jdk.static
 
 # Minimum jtreg version
-requiredVersion=8.2.1+1
+requiredVersion=8.3+1
 
 # Path to libraries in the topmost test directory. This is needed so @library
 # does not need ../../../ notation to reach them
diff --git a/test/jaxp/TEST.ROOT b/test/jaxp/TEST.ROOT
index ddf29839e20..695645315d8 100644
--- a/test/jaxp/TEST.ROOT
+++ b/test/jaxp/TEST.ROOT
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ modules=java.xml
 groups=TEST.groups
 
 # Minimum jtreg version
-requiredVersion=8.2.1+1
+requiredVersion=8.3+1
 
 # Path to libraries in the topmost test directory. This is needed so @library
 # does not need ../../ notation to reach them
diff --git a/test/jdk/TEST.ROOT b/test/jdk/TEST.ROOT
index 7048aafc638..08bc31ffdb8 100644
--- a/test/jdk/TEST.ROOT
+++ b/test/jdk/TEST.ROOT
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ requires.properties= \
     jdk.static
 
 # Minimum jtreg version
-requiredVersion=8.2.1+1
+requiredVersion=8.3+1
 
 # Path to libraries in the topmost test directory. This is needed so @library
 # does not need ../../ notation to reach them
diff --git a/test/langtools/TEST.ROOT b/test/langtools/TEST.ROOT
index c76f99d1396..8319e724e89 100644
--- a/test/langtools/TEST.ROOT
+++ b/test/langtools/TEST.ROOT
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ keys=intermittent randomness needs-src needs-src-jdk_javadoc
 groups=TEST.groups
 
 # Minimum jtreg version
-requiredVersion=8.2.1+1
+requiredVersion=8.3+1
 
 
 # Path to libraries in the topmost test directory. This is needed so @library
diff --git a/test/lib-test/TEST.ROOT b/test/lib-test/TEST.ROOT
index 33c9a9c2a43..9c9db2998a5 100644
--- a/test/lib-test/TEST.ROOT
+++ b/test/lib-test/TEST.ROOT
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 keys=randomness
 
 # Minimum jtreg version
-requiredVersion=8.2.1+1
+requiredVersion=8.3+1
 
 # Prevent TestNG-based tests under this root, use @run junit actions instead
 disallowedActions=testng

From 58b646545519e727525ef06a5dfbd01decbf148d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 06:50:38 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 088/707] 8387142: BUILD_LIBMANAGEMENT_EXT remove special
 warning settings

Reviewed-by: lucy, kevinw
---
 make/modules/jdk.management/Lib.gmk                           | 4 +---
 .../share/native/libmanagement_ext/DiagnosticCommandImpl.c    | 4 ++--
 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/make/modules/jdk.management/Lib.gmk b/make/modules/jdk.management/Lib.gmk
index 8991414b44e..f65348e9381 100644
--- a/make/modules/jdk.management/Lib.gmk
+++ b/make/modules/jdk.management/Lib.gmk
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -41,8 +41,6 @@ endif
 $(eval $(call SetupJdkLibrary, BUILD_LIBMANAGEMENT_EXT, \
     NAME := management_ext, \
     OPTIMIZATION := HIGH, \
-    DISABLED_WARNINGS_gcc_DiagnosticCommandImpl.c := unused-variable, \
-    DISABLED_WARNINGS_clang_DiagnosticCommandImpl.c := unused-variable, \
     DISABLED_WARNINGS_clang_UnixOperatingSystem.c := format-nonliteral, \
     CFLAGS := $(LIBMANAGEMENT_EXT_CFLAGS), \
     JDK_LIBS := java.base:libjava java.base:libjvm, \
diff --git a/src/jdk.management/share/native/libmanagement_ext/DiagnosticCommandImpl.c b/src/jdk.management/share/native/libmanagement_ext/DiagnosticCommandImpl.c
index 6c0554a5c32..5a01e3ad738 100644
--- a/src/jdk.management/share/native/libmanagement_ext/DiagnosticCommandImpl.c
+++ b/src/jdk.management/share/native/libmanagement_ext/DiagnosticCommandImpl.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2013, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ Java_com_sun_management_internal_DiagnosticCommandImpl_getDiagnosticCommandInfo
   jobjectArray args;
   jobject obj;
   jmmOptionalSupport mos;
-  jint ret = jmm_interface_management_ext->GetOptionalSupport(env, &mos);
+  jmm_interface_management_ext->GetOptionalSupport(env, &mos);
   jsize num_commands;
   dcmdInfo* dcmd_info_array;
   jstring jname, jdesc, jimpact, cmd;

From 007c7e38be8d419cd60169e8af9065e0ac2c4fcb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 07:28:54 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 089/707] 8387303: G1: Convert
 G1ConcurrentRefine::_num_threads_wanted to use the Atomic API

Reviewed-by: iwalulya, stefank
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRefine.cpp | 8 ++++----
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRefine.hpp | 5 +++--
 2 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRefine.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRefine.cpp
index 4d4730de0b2..c1c820cb554 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRefine.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRefine.cpp
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ bool G1ConcurrentRefine::adjust_num_threads_periodically() {
   if (!_needs_adjust) {
     Tickspan since_adjust = Ticks::now() - _last_adjust;
     if (since_adjust.milliseconds() < adjust_threads_period_ms()) {
-      _num_threads_wanted = 0;
+      _num_threads_wanted.store_relaxed(0);
       return false;
     }
   }
@@ -592,7 +592,7 @@ bool G1ConcurrentRefine::adjust_num_threads_periodically() {
     _needs_adjust = true;
   }
 
-  return (_num_threads_wanted > 0) && !heap_was_locked();
+  return (num_threads_wanted() > 0) && !heap_was_locked();
 }
 
 void G1ConcurrentRefine::adjust_threads_wanted(size_t available_bytes) {
@@ -603,7 +603,7 @@ void G1ConcurrentRefine::adjust_threads_wanted(size_t available_bytes) {
 
   size_t num_cards = policy->current_pending_cards();
 
-  _threads_needed.update(_num_threads_wanted,
+  _threads_needed.update(num_threads_wanted(),
                          available_bytes,
                          num_cards,
                          _pending_cards_target);
@@ -613,7 +613,7 @@ void G1ConcurrentRefine::adjust_threads_wanted(size_t available_bytes) {
     new_wanted = _thread_control.max_num_threads();
   }
 
-  _num_threads_wanted = new_wanted;
+  _num_threads_wanted.store_relaxed(new_wanted);
 
   log_debug(gc, refine)("Concurrent refinement: wanted %u, pending cards: %zu (pending-from-gc %zu), "
                         "predicted: %zu, goal %zu, time-until-next-gc: %1.2fms pred-refine-rate %1.2fc/ms log-rate %1.2fc/ms",
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRefine.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRefine.hpp
index 50fb412f3af..62e56c14c68 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRefine.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRefine.hpp
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRefineStats.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRefineThreadsNeeded.hpp"
 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
+#include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 #include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
@@ -212,7 +213,7 @@ class G1ConcurrentRefineSweepState {
 //
 class G1ConcurrentRefine : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   G1Policy* _policy;
-  volatile uint _num_threads_wanted;
+  Atomic<uint> _num_threads_wanted;
   size_t _pending_cards_target;
   Ticks _last_adjust;
   Ticks _last_deactivate;
@@ -306,7 +307,7 @@ class G1ConcurrentRefine : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   // obtaining the heap lock.
   bool heap_was_locked() const { return _heap_was_locked; }
 
-  uint num_threads_wanted() const { return _num_threads_wanted; }
+  uint num_threads_wanted() const { return _num_threads_wanted.load_relaxed(); }
   uint max_num_threads() const { return _thread_control.max_num_threads(); }
 
   // Iterate over all concurrent refinement threads applying the given closure.

From 5f1355b0851d95a53a760fa045e16d9bde3d1a04 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 08:45:26 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 090/707] 8387322: G1: G1CSetCandidateGroupList::_num_regions
 should be Atomic

Reviewed-by: stefank
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSetCandidates.cpp | 10 +++++-----
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSetCandidates.hpp |  5 +++--
 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSetCandidates.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSetCandidates.cpp
index 3637d477229..ac1b29a6bd7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSetCandidates.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSetCandidates.cpp
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ void G1CSetCandidateGroupList::append(G1CSetCandidateGroup* group) {
   assert(group->length() > 0, "Do not add empty groups");
   assert(!_groups.contains(group), "Already added to list");
   _groups.append(group);
-  _num_regions += group->length();
+  _num_regions.store_relaxed(num_regions() + group->length());
 }
 
 G1CSetCandidateGroup* G1CSetCandidateGroupList::at(uint index) {
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ void G1CSetCandidateGroupList::clear(bool uninstall_group_cardset) {
     delete gr;
   }
   _groups.clear();
-  _num_regions = 0;
+  _num_regions.store_relaxed(0);
 }
 
 void G1CSetCandidateGroupList::prepare_for_scan() {
@@ -156,9 +156,9 @@ void G1CSetCandidateGroupList::prepare_for_scan() {
   }
 }
 
-void G1CSetCandidateGroupList::remove_selected(uint count, uint num_regions) {
+void G1CSetCandidateGroupList::remove_selected(uint count, uint num_regions_to_remove) {
   _groups.remove_till(count);
-  _num_regions -= num_regions;
+  _num_regions.store_relaxed(num_regions() - num_regions_to_remove);
 }
 
 void G1CSetCandidateGroupList::remove(G1CSetCandidateGroupList* other) {
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ void G1CSetCandidateGroupList::remove(G1CSetCandidateGroupList* other) {
   // Create a list from scratch, copying over the elements from the candidate
   // list not in the other list. Finally deallocate and overwrite the old list.
   int new_length = _groups.length() - other->length();
-  _num_regions = num_regions() - other->num_regions();
+  _num_regions.store_relaxed(num_regions() - other->num_regions());
   GrowableArray<G1CSetCandidateGroup*> new_list(new_length, mtGC);
 
   uint other_idx = 0;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSetCandidates.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSetCandidates.hpp
index 8a2235cf89c..a70f9e395b6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSetCandidates.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSetCandidates.hpp
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "gc/g1/g1CollectionSetCandidates.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/gc_globals.hpp"
 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
+#include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
 #include "runtime/globals.hpp"
 #include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
 
@@ -147,7 +148,7 @@ using G1CSetCandidateGroupListIterator = GrowableArrayIterator<G1CSetCandidateGr
 
 class G1CSetCandidateGroupList {
   GrowableArray<G1CSetCandidateGroup*> _groups;
-  volatile uint _num_regions;
+  Atomic<uint> _num_regions;
 
 public:
   G1CSetCandidateGroupList();
@@ -163,7 +164,7 @@ class G1CSetCandidateGroupList {
 
   uint length() const { return (uint)_groups.length(); }
 
-  uint num_regions() const { return _num_regions; }
+  uint num_regions() const { return _num_regions.load_relaxed(); }
 
   void remove_selected(uint count, uint num_regions);
 

From 78112cbcaafcc7de0dfbf67b3f83677abaeaee87 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 08:52:38 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 091/707] 8385903: G1: G1CollectionSet::_num_regions needs to
 be Atomic

Reviewed-by: stefank
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp | 16 ++++++++--------
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.hpp |  9 +++++----
 2 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp
index 9f1bbf1b48e..3a086d8b09b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp
@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@
 #include "gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1Policy.hpp"
 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
-#include "runtime/orderAccess.hpp"
 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 
@@ -128,8 +127,11 @@ void G1CollectionSet::add_old_region(G1HeapRegion* hr) {
 
   _g1h->register_old_collection_set_region_with_region_attr(hr);
 
-  assert(num_regions() < _max_num_regions, "Collection set now larger than maximum size.");
-  _regions[_num_regions++] = hr->hrm_index();
+  uint local_num_regions = num_regions();
+  assert(local_num_regions < _max_num_regions, "Collection set now larger than maximum size.");
+  _regions[local_num_regions] = hr->hrm_index();
+  _num_regions.store_relaxed(local_num_regions + 1);
+
   _num_initial_old_regions++;
 
   _g1h->old_set_remove(hr);
@@ -162,14 +164,13 @@ void G1CollectionSet::stop_incremental_building() {
 
 void G1CollectionSet::clear() {
   assert_at_safepoint_on_vm_thread();
-  _num_regions = 0;
+  _num_regions.store_relaxed(0);
   _groups.clear();
   assert(_optional_groups.length() == 0, "must be");
 }
 
 void G1CollectionSet::iterate(G1HeapRegionClosure* cl) const {
-  uint len = _num_regions;
-  OrderAccess::loadload();
+  uint len = _num_regions.load_acquire();
 
   for (uint i = 0; i < len; i++) {
     G1HeapRegion* r = _g1h->region_at(_regions[i]);
@@ -233,8 +234,7 @@ void G1CollectionSet::add_young_region_common(G1HeapRegion* hr) {
   _regions[index] = hr->hrm_index();
   // Concurrent readers must observe the store of the value in the array before an
   // update to the _num_regions field.
-  OrderAccess::storestore();
-  _num_regions++;
+  _num_regions.fetch_then_add(1u, memory_order_release);
 }
 
 void G1CollectionSet::add_survivor_regions(G1HeapRegion* hr) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.hpp
index 5fa9868f2b2..eee985f259d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.hpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #define SHARE_GC_G1_G1COLLECTIONSET_HPP
 
 #include "gc/g1/g1CollectionSetCandidates.hpp"
+#include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 
@@ -142,14 +143,14 @@ class G1CollectionSet {
   // All regions in _regions below _num_regions are assumed to be part of the
   // collection set.
   // We assume that at any time there is at most only one writer and (one or more)
-  // concurrent readers. This means synchronization using storestore and loadload
-  // barriers on the writer and reader respectively only are sufficient.
+  // concurrent readers. This means synchronization using release and acquire
+  // on the writer and reader respectively only are sufficient.
   //
   // This corresponds to the regions referenced by the candidate groups further below.
   uint* _regions;
   uint _max_num_regions;
 
-  volatile uint _num_regions;
+  Atomic<uint> _num_regions;
 
   // Old gen groups selected for evacuation.
   G1CSetCandidateGroupList _groups;
@@ -285,7 +286,7 @@ class G1CollectionSet {
   // Returns the number of regions in the current collection set increment.
   uint num_regions_in_increment() const { return num_regions() - _regions_inc_part_start; }
   // Returns the total number of regions in the current collection set.
-  uint num_regions() const { return _num_regions; }
+  uint num_regions() const { return _num_regions.load_relaxed(); }
 
   // Iterate over the entire collection set (all increments calculated so far), applying
   // the given G1HeapRegionClosure on all of the regions.

From 22313f85bac81e68e318976ff69439658d0a602f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 08:56:19 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 092/707] 8387206: G1: Code root verification crashes because
 of stale table scanner

Reviewed-by: iwalulya
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegion.cpp       | 2 ++
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.cpp | 6 +++++-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.hpp | 1 +
 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegion.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegion.cpp
index 810bd4df2ee..2c85e2fcc0d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegion.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegion.cpp
@@ -413,6 +413,8 @@ bool G1HeapRegion::verify_code_roots(VerifyOption vo) const {
     return has_code_roots;
   }
 
+  rem_set()->reset_code_root_table_scanner();
+
   VerifyCodeRootNMethodClosure nm_cl(this);
   code_roots_do(&nm_cl);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.cpp
index 13c7a6a8d3e..ef42538d4d6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.cpp
@@ -87,8 +87,12 @@ void G1HeapRegionRemSet::clear(bool only_cardset, bool keep_tracked) {
   }
 }
 
-void G1HeapRegionRemSet::reset_table_scanner() {
+void G1HeapRegionRemSet::reset_code_root_table_scanner() {
   _code_roots.reset_table_scanner();
+}
+
+void G1HeapRegionRemSet::reset_table_scanner() {
+  reset_code_root_table_scanner();
   if (has_cset_group()) {
     card_set()->reset_table_scanner();
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.hpp
index 950098c706e..2e97d6a7597 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.hpp
@@ -154,6 +154,7 @@ class G1HeapRegionRemSet : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   // entries for this region in other remsets.
   void clear(bool only_cardset = false, bool keep_tracked = false);
 
+  void reset_code_root_table_scanner();
   void reset_table_scanner();
 
   G1MonotonicArenaMemoryStats card_set_memory_stats() const;

From 9ee63d6359382ea65677d547068dcabb9151dc5c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Guanqiang Han <ghan@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 09:29:49 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 093/707] 8387197: C2: Improve klass_ptr_type in
 GraphKit::gen_instanceof() similarly to GraphKit::gen_checkcast()

Reviewed-by: qamai, vlivanov
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp           | 16 ++--
 .../TestInstanceOfImprovedKlassPtrType.java   | 84 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 94 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/parsing/TestInstanceOfImprovedKlassPtrType.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp
index 3112bb6b169..4f5251f39e1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp
@@ -3240,9 +3240,10 @@ Node* GraphKit::maybe_cast_profiled_obj(Node* obj,
 Node* GraphKit::gen_instanceof(Node* obj, Node* superklass, bool safe_for_replace) {
   kill_dead_locals();           // Benefit all the uncommon traps
   assert( !stopped(), "dead parse path should be checked in callers" );
-  assert(!TypePtr::NULL_PTR->higher_equal(_gvn.type(superklass)->is_klassptr()),
+  const TypeKlassPtr* klass_ptr_type = _gvn.type(superklass)->isa_klassptr();
+  assert(klass_ptr_type != nullptr && !TypePtr::NULL_PTR->higher_equal(klass_ptr_type),
          "must check for not-null not-dead klass in callers");
-
+  const TypeKlassPtr* improved_klass_ptr_type = klass_ptr_type->try_improve();
   // Make the merge point
   enum { _obj_path = 1, _fail_path, _null_path, PATH_LIMIT };
   RegionNode* region = new RegionNode(PATH_LIMIT);
@@ -3278,11 +3279,10 @@ Node* GraphKit::gen_instanceof(Node* obj, Node* superklass, bool safe_for_replac
 
   // Do we know the type check always succeed?
   bool known_statically = false;
-  if (_gvn.type(superklass)->singleton()) {
-    const TypeKlassPtr* superk = _gvn.type(superklass)->is_klassptr();
+  if (improved_klass_ptr_type->singleton()) {
     const TypeKlassPtr* subk = _gvn.type(obj)->is_oopptr()->as_klass_type();
     if (subk->is_loaded()) {
-      int static_res = C->static_subtype_check(superk, subk);
+      int static_res = C->static_subtype_check(improved_klass_ptr_type, subk);
       known_statically = (static_res == Compile::SSC_always_true || static_res == Compile::SSC_always_false);
     }
   }
@@ -3305,7 +3305,11 @@ Node* GraphKit::gen_instanceof(Node* obj, Node* superklass, bool safe_for_replac
   }
 
   // Generate the subtype check
-  Node* not_subtype_ctrl = gen_subtype_check(not_null_obj, superklass);
+  Node* improved_superklass = superklass;
+  if (improved_klass_ptr_type != klass_ptr_type && improved_klass_ptr_type->singleton()) {
+    improved_superklass = makecon(improved_klass_ptr_type);
+  }
+  Node* not_subtype_ctrl = gen_subtype_check(not_null_obj, improved_superklass);
 
   // Plug in the success path to the general merge in slot 1.
   region->init_req(_obj_path, control());
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/parsing/TestInstanceOfImprovedKlassPtrType.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/parsing/TestInstanceOfImprovedKlassPtrType.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..19214738dd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/parsing/TestInstanceOfImprovedKlassPtrType.java
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8387197
+ * @summary Verify that improving klass_ptr_type in GraphKit::gen_instanceof() allows
+ *          eliminating SubTypeCheckNode when the receiver implements an interface
+ *          unrelated to the checked class.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.parsing;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestInstanceOfImprovedKlassPtrType {
+    static abstract class B {}
+    static final class C extends B {}
+
+    interface I {}
+    static class D implements I {}
+    static class E implements I {}
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestFramework.run();
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    int testHelper2(Object o) {
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.SUBTYPE_CHECK, "1"},
+        phase = CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING)
+    int test1(Object o) {
+        Object o1 = (I) o;
+        if (o1 instanceof B) {
+            return testHelper2(o1);
+        } else {
+            return 2;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test1")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    void runTest() {
+        int sum = 0;
+        Object[] arr = new Object[] {new C(), new D(), new E()};
+        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++){
+            Object o = arr[i];
+            if (o instanceof I) {
+                sum += test1(o);
+            } else {
+                sum += 3;
+            }
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEquals(sum, 7);
+        return;
+    }
+}

From 027eb8b416d2f3238f4c4c65d5d485911ad79ca5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 10:49:58 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 094/707] 8371720: G1: Move concurrent mark initialization to
 first concurrent start pause

Reviewed-by: iwalulya
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp  | 5 +++--
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp | 5 +++++
 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
index b4758897dd6..7396c1ee9ce 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
@@ -2723,13 +2723,14 @@ void G1CollectedHeap::do_collection_pause_at_safepoint(size_t allocation_word_si
 
   _bytes_used_during_gc = 0;
 
-  _cm->fully_initialize();
-
   policy()->decide_on_concurrent_start_pause();
   // Record whether this pause may need to trigger a concurrent operation. Later,
   // when we signal the G1ConcurrentMarkThread, the collector state has already
   // been reset for the next pause.
   bool should_start_concurrent_mark_operation = collector_state()->is_in_concurrent_start_gc();
+  if (should_start_concurrent_mark_operation) {
+    _cm->fully_initialize();
+  }
 
   // Perform the collection.
   G1YoungCollector collector(gc_cause(), allocation_word_size);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp
index f0071286e04..21518423957 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp
@@ -569,6 +569,11 @@ class G1ConcurrentMark : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
 
   uint worker_id_offset() const { return _worker_id_offset; }
 
+  // Fully allocates and initializes data structures for the concurrent cycle.
+  // Methods that use concurrent cycle state such as the concurrent mark threads,
+  // tasks, marking stack, statistics, TAMS or TARS require this initialization.
+  // Callers that run before the first concurrent start pause, which calls this,
+  // should guard calls with is_fully_initialized().
   void fully_initialize();
   bool is_fully_initialized() const { return _cm_thread != nullptr; }
 

From 1d514a55555248c74bb7587ecf8fac44748df001 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David Briemann <dbriemann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 11:44:47 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 095/707] 8387016: PPC64: Remove postalloc_expand from
 float/double compare nodes

Reviewed-by: mdoerr, rrich
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad | 153 +++++--------------------------------
 1 file changed, 20 insertions(+), 133 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
index 9bec99e90cc..3cdc820b5f9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
@@ -3556,9 +3556,6 @@ ins_attrib ins_alignment(1);
 ins_attrib ins_cannot_rematerialize(false);
 ins_attrib ins_should_rematerialize(false);
 
-// Instruction has variable size depending on alignment.
-ins_attrib ins_variable_size_depending_on_alignment(false);
-
 // Instruction is a nop.
 ins_attrib ins_is_nop(false);
 
@@ -7015,8 +7012,6 @@ instruct cmovF_reg(cmpOp cmp, flagsRegSrc crx, regF dst, regF src) %{
   match(Set dst (CMoveF (Binary cmp crx) (Binary dst src)));
   ins_cost(DEFAULT_COST+BRANCH_COST);
 
-  ins_variable_size_depending_on_alignment(true);
-
   format %{ "CMOVEF  $cmp, $crx, $dst, $src\n\t" %}
   size(8);
   ins_encode %{
@@ -7034,8 +7029,6 @@ instruct cmovD_reg(cmpOp cmp, flagsRegSrc crx, regD dst, regD src) %{
   match(Set dst (CMoveD (Binary cmp crx) (Binary dst src)));
   ins_cost(DEFAULT_COST+BRANCH_COST);
 
-  ins_variable_size_depending_on_alignment(true);
-
   format %{ "CMOVEF  $cmp, $crx, $dst, $src\n\t" %}
   size(8);
   ins_encode %{
@@ -8276,8 +8269,6 @@ instruct cmovI_bne_negI_reg(iRegIdst dst, flagsRegSrc crx, iRegIsrc src1) %{
   effect(USE_DEF dst, USE src1, USE crx);
   predicate(false);
 
-  ins_variable_size_depending_on_alignment(true);
-
   format %{ "CMOVE   $dst, neg($src1), $crx" %}
   size(8);
   ins_encode %{
@@ -8334,8 +8325,6 @@ instruct cmovL_bne_negL_reg(iRegLdst dst, flagsRegSrc crx, iRegLsrc src1) %{
   effect(USE_DEF dst, USE src1, USE crx);
   predicate(false);
 
-  ins_variable_size_depending_on_alignment(true);
-
   format %{ "CMOVE   $dst, neg($src1), $crx" %}
   size(8);
   ins_encode %{
@@ -10044,8 +10033,6 @@ instruct cmovI_bso_stackSlotL(iRegIdst dst, flagsRegSrc crx, stackSlotL src) %{
   effect(DEF dst, USE crx, USE src);
   predicate(false);
 
-  ins_variable_size_depending_on_alignment(true);
-
   format %{ "CMOVI   $crx, $dst, $src" %}
   size(8);
   ins_encode( enc_cmove_bso_stackSlotL(dst, crx, src) );
@@ -10057,8 +10044,6 @@ instruct cmovI_bso_reg(iRegIdst dst, flagsRegSrc crx, regD src) %{
   effect(DEF dst, USE crx, USE src);
   predicate(false);
 
-  ins_variable_size_depending_on_alignment(true);
-
   format %{ "CMOVI   $crx, $dst, $src" %}
   size(8);
   ins_encode( enc_cmove_bso_reg(dst, crx, src) );
@@ -10219,8 +10204,6 @@ instruct cmovL_bso_stackSlotL(iRegLdst dst, flagsRegSrc crx, stackSlotL src) %{
   effect(DEF dst, USE crx, USE src);
   predicate(false);
 
-  ins_variable_size_depending_on_alignment(true);
-
   format %{ "CMOVL   $crx, $dst, $src" %}
   size(8);
   ins_encode( enc_cmove_bso_stackSlotL(dst, crx, src) );
@@ -10232,8 +10215,6 @@ instruct cmovL_bso_reg(iRegLdst dst, flagsRegSrc crx, regD src) %{
   effect(DEF dst, USE crx, USE src);
   predicate(false);
 
-  ins_variable_size_depending_on_alignment(true);
-
   format %{ "CMOVL   $crx, $dst, $src" %}
   size(8);
   ins_encode( enc_cmove_bso_reg(dst, crx, src) );
@@ -10853,86 +10834,24 @@ instruct cmpFUnordered_reg_reg(flagsReg crx, regF src1, regF src2) %{
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
 
-instruct cmov_bns_less(flagsReg crx) %{
-  // no match-rule, false predicate
-  effect(DEF crx);
-  predicate(false);
-
-  ins_variable_size_depending_on_alignment(true);
+// Compare floating, generate condition code.
+instruct cmpF_reg_reg(flagsReg crx, regF src1, regF src2) %{
+  match(Set crx (CmpF src1 src2));
+  ins_cost(DEFAULT_COST+BRANCH_COST);
 
-  format %{ "CMOV    $crx" %}
-  size(12);
+  format %{ "CMPF    $crx, $src1, $src2" %}
+  size(16);
   ins_encode %{
     Label done;
-    __ bns($crx$$CondRegister, done);        // not unordered -> keep crx
+    __ fcmpu($crx$$CondRegister, $src1$$FloatRegister, $src2$$FloatRegister);
+    __ bns($crx$$CondRegister, done);
     __ li(R0, 0);
-    __ cmpwi($crx$$CondRegister, R0, 1);     // unordered -> set crx to 'less'
+    __ cmpwi($crx$$CondRegister, R0, 1);
     __ bind(done);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
 
-// Compare floating, generate condition code.
-instruct cmpF_reg_reg_Ex(flagsReg crx, regF src1, regF src2) %{
-  // FIXME: should we match 'If cmp (CmpF src1 src2))' ??
-  //
-  // The following code sequence occurs a lot in mpegaudio:
-  //
-  // block BXX:
-  // 0: instruct cmpFUnordered_reg_reg (cmpF_reg_reg-0):
-  //    cmpFUrd CR6, F11, F9
-  // 4: instruct cmov_bns_less (cmpF_reg_reg-1):
-  //    cmov CR6
-  // 8: instruct branchConSched:
-  //    B_FARle CR6, B56  P=0.500000 C=-1.000000
-  match(Set crx (CmpF src1 src2));
-  ins_cost(DEFAULT_COST+BRANCH_COST);
-
-  format %{ "CMPF    $crx, $src1, $src2 \t// postalloc expanded" %}
-  postalloc_expand %{
-    //
-    // replaces
-    //
-    //   region  src1  src2
-    //    \       |     |
-    //     crx=cmpF_reg_reg
-    //
-    // with
-    //
-    //   region  src1  src2
-    //    \       |     |
-    //     crx=cmpFUnordered_reg_reg
-    //      |
-    //      ^  region
-    //      |   \
-    //      crx=cmov_bns_less
-    //
-
-    // Create new nodes.
-    MachNode *m1 = new cmpFUnordered_reg_regNode();
-    MachNode *m2 = new cmov_bns_lessNode();
-
-    // inputs for new nodes
-    m1->add_req(n_region, n_src1, n_src2);
-    m2->add_req(n_region);
-    m2->add_prec(m1);
-
-    // operands for new nodes
-    m1->_opnds[0] = op_crx;
-    m1->_opnds[1] = op_src1;
-    m1->_opnds[2] = op_src2;
-    m2->_opnds[0] = op_crx;
-
-    // registers for new nodes
-    ra_->set_pair(m1->_idx, ra_->get_reg_second(this), ra_->get_reg_first(this)); // crx
-    ra_->set_pair(m2->_idx, ra_->get_reg_second(this), ra_->get_reg_first(this)); // crx
-
-    // Insert new nodes.
-    nodes->push(m1);
-    nodes->push(m2);
-  %}
-%}
-
 // Compare float, generate -1,0,1
 instruct cmpF3_reg_reg(iRegIdst dst, regF src1, regF src2, flagsRegCR0 cr0) %{
   match(Set dst (CmpF3 src1 src2));
@@ -10968,53 +10887,21 @@ instruct cmpDUnordered_reg_reg(flagsReg crx, regD src1, regD src2) %{
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
 
-instruct cmpD_reg_reg_Ex(flagsReg crx, regD src1, regD src2) %{
+instruct cmpD_reg_reg(flagsReg crx, regD src1, regD src2) %{
   match(Set crx (CmpD src1 src2));
   ins_cost(DEFAULT_COST+BRANCH_COST);
 
-  format %{ "CmpD    $crx, $src1, $src2 \t// postalloc expanded" %}
-  postalloc_expand %{
-    //
-    // replaces
-    //
-    //   region  src1  src2
-    //    \       |     |
-    //     crx=cmpD_reg_reg
-    //
-    // with
-    //
-    //   region  src1  src2
-    //    \       |     |
-    //     crx=cmpDUnordered_reg_reg
-    //      |
-    //      ^  region
-    //      |   \
-    //      crx=cmov_bns_less
-    //
-
-    // create new nodes
-    MachNode *m1 = new cmpDUnordered_reg_regNode();
-    MachNode *m2 = new cmov_bns_lessNode();
-
-    // inputs for new nodes
-    m1->add_req(n_region, n_src1, n_src2);
-    m2->add_req(n_region);
-    m2->add_prec(m1);
-
-    // operands for new nodes
-    m1->_opnds[0] = op_crx;
-    m1->_opnds[1] = op_src1;
-    m1->_opnds[2] = op_src2;
-    m2->_opnds[0] = op_crx;
-
-    // registers for new nodes
-    ra_->set_pair(m1->_idx, ra_->get_reg_second(this), ra_->get_reg_first(this)); // crx
-    ra_->set_pair(m2->_idx, ra_->get_reg_second(this), ra_->get_reg_first(this)); // crx
-
-    // Insert new nodes.
-    nodes->push(m1);
-    nodes->push(m2);
+  format %{ "CMPD    $crx, $src1, $src2" %}
+  size(16);
+  ins_encode %{
+    Label done;
+    __ fcmpu($crx$$CondRegister, $src1$$FloatRegister, $src2$$FloatRegister);
+    __ bns($crx$$CondRegister, done);
+    __ li(R0, 0);
+    __ cmpwi($crx$$CondRegister, R0, 1);
+    __ bind(done);
   %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
 
 // Compare double, generate -1,0,1

From cc83fbd132cf4b121e9554255241eb175715865b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alexey Semenyuk <asemenyuk@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 12:37:38 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 096/707] 8387306: Replace InputStream#read(byte[]) with
 InputStream#readNBytes(int) in RtfConverter.isRtfFile()

Reviewed-by: almatvee, aturbanov
---
 .../classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/RtfConverter.java        | 7 ++++---
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.jpackage/windows/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/RtfConverter.java b/src/jdk.jpackage/windows/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/RtfConverter.java
index a0ff70066b9..404185ce832 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jpackage/windows/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/RtfConverter.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jpackage/windows/classes/jdk/jpackage/internal/RtfConverter.java
@@ -46,11 +46,11 @@ static boolean isRtfFile(Path path) throws IOException {
         }
 
         try (InputStream fin = Files.newInputStream(path)) {
-            byte[] firstBits = new byte[7];
+            byte[] firstBits = fin.readNBytes(Details.RTF_HEADER.length());
 
-            if (fin.read(firstBits) == firstBits.length) {
+            if (Details.RTF_HEADER.length() == firstBits.length) {
                 String header = new String(firstBits);
-                return "{\\rtf1\\".equals(header);
+                return Details.RTF_HEADER.equals(header);
             }
         }
 
@@ -136,5 +136,6 @@ private void convert(Stream<String> textFile, Appendable sink) throws IOExceptio
             }
         }
 
+        private static final String RTF_HEADER = "{\\rtf1\\";
     }
 }

From f740f7c66bbf2dc16dbee965df0b7e5859594fc8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Fuchs <dfuchs@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 14:18:48 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 097/707] 8386985: PacketSpaceManagerTest failed with
 AssertionError; A race condition may cause packetSent to mistakenly skip
 rescheduling of the transmitter task

Reviewed-by: djelinski
---
 .../net/http/quic/PacketSpaceManager.java     | 23 ++---
 .../quic/PacketSpaceManagerTest.java          | 88 ++++++++++++++++---
 2 files changed, 82 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/quic/PacketSpaceManager.java b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/quic/PacketSpaceManager.java
index 487a8a186f6..f2991c0738e 100644
--- a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/quic/PacketSpaceManager.java
+++ b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/quic/PacketSpaceManager.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2021, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -645,22 +645,15 @@ private synchronized boolean shouldLogWhenNewDeadline() {
             return false;
         }
 
-        boolean hasNoDeadline() {
-            return Deadline.MAX.equals(nextDeadline);
-        }
-
         // reschedule this task
         void reschedule() {
             Deadline deadline = computeNextDeadline();
-            Deadline nextDeadline = this.nextDeadline;
             if (Deadline.MAX.equals(deadline)) {
-                debug.log("no deadline, don't reschedule");
-            } else if (deadline.equals(nextDeadline)) {
-                debug.log("deadline unchanged, don't reschedule");
-            } else {
-                packetEmitter.reschedule(this, deadline);
-                debug.log("retransmission task: rescheduled");
+                if (debug.on()) debug.log("no deadline, don't reschedule");
+                return;
             }
+            if (debug.on()) debug.log("retransmission task: rescheduled");
+            packetEmitter.reschedule(this, deadline);
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -1304,7 +1297,7 @@ public void packetSent(QuicPacket packet, long previousPacketNumber, long packet
             } finally {
                 transferLock.unlock();
             }
-            if (found && packetTransmissionTask.hasNoDeadline()) {
+            if (found) {
                 packetTransmissionTask.reschedule();
             }
             if (!found) {
@@ -1340,9 +1333,7 @@ public void packetSent(QuicPacket packet, long previousPacketNumber, long packet
                         return;
                     }
                     addAcknowledgement(pending);
-                    if (packetTransmissionTask.hasNoDeadline()) {
-                        packetTransmissionTask.reschedule();
-                    }
+                    packetTransmissionTask.reschedule();
                 } finally {
                     transferLock.unlock();
                 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/quic/PacketSpaceManagerTest.java b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/quic/PacketSpaceManagerTest.java
index 0a363e104ae..3a33bbcf95d 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/quic/PacketSpaceManagerTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/quic/PacketSpaceManagerTest.java
@@ -80,16 +80,19 @@
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotEquals;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
 
 /*
  * @test
+ * @bug 8349910 8386985
  * @summary tests the logic to build an AckFrame
  * @library /test/lib
  * @library ../debug
@@ -102,6 +105,7 @@
  * @run junit/othervm -Dseed=-4159871071396382784 ${test.main.class}
  * @run junit/othervm -Dseed=2252276218459363615 ${test.main.class}
  * @run junit/othervm -Dseed=-5130588140709404919 ${test.main.class}
+ * @run junit/othervm -Dseed=4257295716830862528 ${test.main.class}
  */
 // -Djdk.internal.httpclient.debug=true
 public class PacketSpaceManagerTest {
@@ -766,6 +770,26 @@ boolean isDue(Deadline now) {
             }
         }
 
+        // Sends a trivial INITIAL packet, with a CRYPTO frame containing
+        // a payload of length 1 for the provided offset. If ackFrameToSend
+        // is not null it will be included in the packet.
+        public List<QuicFrame> sendPacket(long offset, AckFrame ackFrameToSend, Packet packet, long largestReceivedAckedPN) {
+            // add a crypto frame and build the packet
+            CryptoFrame crypto = new CryptoFrame(offset, 1,
+                    ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[] {nextByte(offset)}));
+            List<QuicFrame> frames = ackFrameToSend == null ?
+                    List.of(crypto) : List.of(crypto, ackFrameToSend);
+            QuicPacket newPacket = codingContext.encoder
+                    .newInitialPacket(localId, peerId,
+                            null,
+                            packet.packetNumber,
+                            largestReceivedAckedPN,
+                            frames, codingContext);
+            // pretend that we sent a packet
+            manager.packetSent(newPacket, -1, packet.packetNumber);
+            return frames;
+        }
+
         /**
          * Drives the test by pretending to emit each packet in order,
          * then pretending to receive ack frames (as soon as possible
@@ -830,19 +854,8 @@ public void run() throws Exception {
                     debug.log("largestAckSent is: " + largestAckAcked);
                 }
 
-                // add a crypto frame and build the packet
-                CryptoFrame crypto = new CryptoFrame(offset, 1,
-                        ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[] {nextByte(offset)}));
-                List<QuicFrame> frames = ackFrameToSend == null ?
-                        List.of(crypto) : List.of(crypto, ackFrameToSend);
-                QuicPacket newPacket = codingContext.encoder
-                        .newInitialPacket(localId, peerId,
-                                null,
-                                packet.packetNumber,
-                                largestReceivedAckedPN,
-                                frames, codingContext);
-                // pretend that we sent a packet
-                manager.packetSent(newPacket, -1, packet.packetNumber);
+                // send a packet
+                List<QuicFrame> frames = sendPacket(offset, ackFrameToSend, packet, largestReceivedAckedPN);
 
                 // compute next deadline
                 var nextDeadline = timerQueue.nextDeadline();
@@ -1125,4 +1138,53 @@ public void testPacketSpaceManager(TestCase testCase) throws Exception {
         driver.check();
     }
 
+    @Test
+    public void testPacketSent() throws Exception {
+        // this test case is specifically for JDK-8386985
+        System.out.printf("%n -------  testPacketSent ------- %n");
+
+        // create a minimal SynchronousTestDriver
+        TestCase testCase = new TestCase(List.of(new Acknowledged(1, 3), new Acknowledged(4,4)),
+                List.of(new Packet(3, 0), new Packet(4, 0)));
+        SynchronousTestDriver driver = new SynchronousTestDriver(testCase);
+
+        // send a first ack-eliciting packet, and move the timeline past PTO
+        driver.sendPacket(0, null, new Packet(1, 0), -1);
+        Deadline pto = driver.manager.nextScheduledDeadline(); // should be PTO
+        driver.timeSource.advance(driver.timeSource.instant().until(pto, ChronoUnit.MILLIS) + 250, ChronoUnit.MILLIS);
+
+        // start processing events, but delay the task that will run the transmitter
+        ArrayList<Runnable> tasks = new ArrayList<>();
+        Executor executor = new Executor() {
+            @Override
+            public void execute(Runnable command) {
+                tasks.add(command);
+            }
+        };
+        driver.timerQueue.processEventsAndReturnNextDeadline(driver.timeSource.instant(), executor);
+
+        // acknowledge the first packet so that it's no longer pending retransmission
+        driver.manager.processAckFrame(new AckFrameBuilder().addAck(1).build());
+
+        // send a second packet, and examine the timerQueue next deadline
+        // if sending the second packet didn't cause the task to be rescheduled, we
+        // will observe Deadline.MAX, or a deadline before now: that's the bug.
+        driver.sendPacket(1, null, new Packet(2, 0), -1);
+
+        Deadline next = driver.timerQueue.nextDeadline();
+        assertNotEquals(next, Deadline.MAX);
+        assertTrue(next.isAfter(driver.timeSource.instant()));
+
+        // now finish running the task and ack the second packet,
+        // so that we leave the packet space manager in a clean state
+        // for running the driver with the next two packets.
+        for (Runnable task : tasks) {
+            task.run();
+        }
+        driver.manager.processAckFrame(new AckFrameBuilder()
+                .addAck(1).addAck(2).build());
+        driver.run();
+        driver.check();
+    }
+
  }

From 17f2e11fe400ade68ee3b0ac4706209aae4e14dd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Fuchs <dfuchs@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 14:26:50 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 098/707] 8386989: QuicEndpoint.ClosedConnection should not use
 QuicTimerQueue::offer

Reviewed-by: djelinski
---
 .../internal/net/http/quic/QuicEndpoint.java  | 11 ++---
 .../net/http/quic/QuicTimerQueue.java         | 45 +++++++------------
 .../H3MultipleConnectionsToSameHost.java      |  2 +-
 3 files changed, 23 insertions(+), 35 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/quic/QuicEndpoint.java b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/quic/QuicEndpoint.java
index 3dee814e1f1..18fd7717d6d 100644
--- a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/quic/QuicEndpoint.java
+++ b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/quic/QuicEndpoint.java
@@ -1788,9 +1788,10 @@ public final void processIncoming(SocketAddress source, ByteBuffer destConnId, H
                 if (more > 16) {
                     // the server doesn't seem to take into account our
                     // connection close frame. Just stop responding
-                    updatedDeadline = Deadline.MIN;
+                    updated = updatedDeadline = Deadline.MIN;
                 } else {
-                    updatedDeadline = updated.plusMillis(maxIdleTimeMs);
+                    updated = updatedDeadline = timeSource().instant()
+                            .plusMillis(maxIdleTimeMs);
                 }
                 handleIncoming(source, destConnId, headersType, buffer);
             } else {
@@ -1798,7 +1799,7 @@ public final void processIncoming(SocketAddress source, ByteBuffer destConnId, H
                 dropIncoming(source, destConnId, headersType, buffer);
             }
 
-            timer().reschedule(this, updatedDeadline);
+            timer().reschedule(this, updated);
         }
 
         protected void handleIncoming(SocketAddress source, ByteBuffer idbytes,
@@ -1821,8 +1822,8 @@ public final void onWriteError(Throwable t) {
         }
 
         public final void startTimer() {
-            deadline = updatedDeadline = timeSource().instant().plusMillis(maxIdleTimeMs);
-            timer().offer(this);
+            Deadline deadline = updatedDeadline = timeSource().instant().plusMillis(maxIdleTimeMs);
+            timer().reschedule(this, deadline);
         }
 
         @Override
diff --git a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/quic/QuicTimerQueue.java b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/quic/QuicTimerQueue.java
index 830415593cb..bbb88cf1c45 100644
--- a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/quic/QuicTimerQueue.java
+++ b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/quic/QuicTimerQueue.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2021, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -74,6 +74,9 @@ public final class QuicTimerQueue {
     private volatile Deadline scheduledDeadline = Deadline.MAX;
     private volatile Deadline returnedDeadline = Deadline.MAX;
 
+    // Not volatile: never accessed without holding monitor
+    private Deadline notifiedDeadline = Deadline.MAX;
+
     /**
      * Creates a new timer queue with the given notifier.
      * A notifier is used to notify the timer thread that
@@ -113,33 +116,8 @@ private Deadline debugNow() {
      * @param event an event to be scheduled
      */
     public void offer(QuicTimedEvent event) {
-        if (event instanceof Marker marker)
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException(marker.name());
-        assert QuicTimedEvent.COMPARATOR.compare(event, FLOOR) > 0;
-        assert QuicTimedEvent.COMPARATOR.compare(event, CEILING) < 0;
-        Deadline deadline = event.deadline();
-        scheduled.add(event);
-        scheduled(deadline);
         if (debug.on()) debug.log("QuicTimerQueue: event %s offered", event);
-        if (notify(deadline)) {
-            if (debug.on()) debug.log("QuicTimerQueue: event %s will be rescheduled", event);
-            if (Log.quicTimer()) {
-                var now = debugNow();
-                Log.logQuic(String.format("%s: QuicTimerQueue: event %s will be scheduled" +
-                                " at %s (returned deadline: %s, nextDeadline: %s)",
-                        Thread.currentThread().getName(), event, d(now, deadline),
-                        d(now, returnedDeadline), d(now, nextDeadline())));
-            }
-            notifier.run();
-        } else {
-            if (Log.quicTimer()) {
-                var now = debugNow();
-                Log.logQuic(String.format("%s: QuicTimerQueue: event %s will not be scheduled" +
-                                " at %s (returned deadline: %s, nextDeadline: %s)",
-                        Thread.currentThread().getName(), event, d(now, deadline),
-                        d(now, returnedDeadline), d(now, nextDeadline())));
-            }
-        }
+        reschedule(event, event.deadline());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -181,7 +159,7 @@ public Deadline processEventsAndReturnNextDeadline(Deadline now, Executor execut
         int drained = 0;
         int dues;
         synchronized (this) {
-            scheduledDeadline = Deadline.MAX;
+            scheduledDeadline = returnedDeadline = notifiedDeadline = Deadline.MAX;
         }
         // moved scheduled / rescheduled tasks to due, until
         // nothing else is due. Then process dues.
@@ -347,7 +325,16 @@ private boolean notify(Deadline deadline) {
         synchronized (this) {
             if (deadline.isBefore(nextDeadline())
                 || deadline.isBefore(returnedDeadline)) {
-                return true;
+                // notifiedDeadline will be reset to MAX first thing in
+                // processEventAndReturnNextDeadline; We do not want
+                // to call the notifier (wake the selector) again if it's
+                // been already called for a notifiedDeadline <= to deadline;
+                // On the other hand, if deadline < notifiedDeadline, we
+                // need to call the notifier to force an additional wakeup
+                if (deadline.isBefore(notifiedDeadline)) {
+                    notifiedDeadline = deadline;
+                    return true;
+                }
             }
         }
         return false;
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/http3/H3MultipleConnectionsToSameHost.java b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/http3/H3MultipleConnectionsToSameHost.java
index c38671e65b8..ff8e3804996 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/http3/H3MultipleConnectionsToSameHost.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/http3/H3MultipleConnectionsToSameHost.java
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@
  */
 /*
  * @test id=useNioSelector
- * @bug 8087112 8372409
+ * @bug 8087112 8372409 8386989
  * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/lib
  * @build jdk.test.lib.net.SimpleSSLContext
  *        jdk.httpclient.test.lib.http2.Http2TestServer

From e28a58b48606c6bbb13c8fc9ad37225fca0e5442 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ashutosh Mehra <asmehra@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 14:45:38 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 099/707] 8386656: C2 AVX512:
 -XX:-UseCountTrailingZerosInstruction causes
 assert(UseCountTrailingZerosInstruction) failed: tzcnt instruction not
 supported

Reviewed-by: kvn, epeter, mhaessig, adinn
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad                    |  7 +++
 .../TestUseCountTrailingZerosInstruction.java | 53 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 60 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cpuflags/TestUseCountTrailingZerosInstruction.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
index 370437edee2..df035f39f58 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
@@ -3179,6 +3179,13 @@ bool Matcher::match_rule_supported(int opcode) {
       break;
 
     case Op_VectorCmpMasked:
+      if (!UseCountTrailingZerosInstruction) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      if (UseAVX < 3 || !VM_Version::supports_bmi2()) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      break;
     case Op_VectorMaskGen:
       if (UseAVX < 3 || !VM_Version::supports_bmi2()) {
         return false;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cpuflags/TestUseCountTrailingZerosInstruction.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cpuflags/TestUseCountTrailingZerosInstruction.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0c7d04486f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cpuflags/TestUseCountTrailingZerosInstruction.java
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8386656
+ * @summary Verify no assertions when running with -XX:-UseCountTrailingZerosInstruction
+ * @requires os.simpleArch == "x64"
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-UseCountTrailingZerosInstruction ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8386656
+ * @summary Verify no assertions when running with -XX:+UseCountTrailingZerosInstruction
+ * @requires os.simpleArch == "x64"
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:+UseCountTrailingZerosInstruction ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.cpuflags;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+public class TestUseCountTrailingZerosInstruction {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        byte[] a = new byte[32];
+        byte[] b = new byte[32];
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; i++) {
+            Arrays.mismatch(a, b);
+        }
+    }
+}
+

From 0a5b9d7fd4d2df6a3003f0586702f6d25d5c0559 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Kieran Farrell <kfarrell@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 15:28:18 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 100/707] 8387273: Enhance httpserver logging to log when
 maxConnections is reached

Reviewed-by: jpai, dfuchs, vyazici
---
 .../share/classes/sun/net/httpserver/ServerImpl.java            | 2 ++
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/sun/net/httpserver/ServerImpl.java b/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/sun/net/httpserver/ServerImpl.java
index 94fe78b9c64..3d77a61c0be 100644
--- a/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/sun/net/httpserver/ServerImpl.java
+++ b/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/sun/net/httpserver/ServerImpl.java
@@ -538,6 +538,8 @@ public void run() {
                                 if (MAX_CONNECTIONS > 0 && allConnections.size() >= MAX_CONNECTIONS) {
                                     // we've hit max limit of current open connections, so we go
                                     // ahead and close this connection without processing it
+                                    logger.log(Level.DEBUG, "connection limit reached, " +
+                                            "closing accepted connection " + chan);
                                     try {
                                         chan.close();
                                     } catch (IOException ignore) {

From db24b35a30cd28fda1f37d5e5e4a7241bdeeff3c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Justin Lu <jlu@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 16:27:54 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 101/707] 8387259: Clarify extlang in Locale composition
 description

Reviewed-by: naoto, iris
---
 src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Locale.java | 8 ++++++--
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Locale.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Locale.java
index f600afbb007..462cd5755c2 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Locale.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Locale.java
@@ -120,9 +120,13 @@
  *   {@code Locale} always canonicalizes to lower case.</dd>
  *
  *   <dd> <em>Syntax:</em> Well-formed {@code language} values have the form {@code [a-zA-Z]{2,8}}.</dd>
- *   <dd> <em> BCP 47 deviation:</em> this is not the full BCP 47 language production, since it excludes
+ *   <dd> <em> BCP 47 deviation:</em> {@code Locale} does not retain the
  *   <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5646#section-2.2.2">extlang</a>
- *   (as modern three-letter language codes are preferred).</dd>
+ *   subtag. This is because three-letter language codes are preferred over extlang
+ *   subtags. When a {@code Locale} is created from a language tag containing an
+ *   extlang subtag, the first extlang subtag is interpreted as the <i>language</i>
+ *   field. The primary language subtag and any subsequent extlang subtags
+ *   are ignored.</dd>
  *
  *   <dd> <em>Example:</em> "en" (English), "ja" (Japanese), "kok" (Konkani)</dd>
  *

From bc2fa43a6471cd04602f380e0f7a3974d829fa51 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Mikhailo Seledtsov <mseledtsov@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 16:45:57 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 102/707] 8387315: Add macosx-aarch64 bootcycle build profiles

Reviewed-by: mikael, erikj
---
 make/conf/jib-profiles.js | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/make/conf/jib-profiles.js b/make/conf/jib-profiles.js
index b425c66a34c..32f07325c05 100644
--- a/make/conf/jib-profiles.js
+++ b/make/conf/jib-profiles.js
@@ -644,7 +644,7 @@ var getJibProfilesProfiles = function (input, common, data) {
     // Bootcycle profiles runs the build with itself as the boot jdk. This can
     // be done in two ways. Either using the builtin bootcycle target in the
     // build system. Or by supplying the main jdk build as bootjdk to configure.
-    [ "linux-x64", "macosx-x64", "windows-x64", "linux-aarch64" ]
+    [ "linux-x64", "macosx-aarch64", "macosx-x64", "windows-x64", "linux-aarch64" ]
         .forEach(function (name) {
             var bootcycleName = name + "-bootcycle";
             var bootcyclePrebuiltName = name + "-bootcycle-prebuilt";

From 9d65845a6bc2183afc7f56fe9ebcdd3d2531fe6a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 17:00:20 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 103/707] 8387293: Shenandoah: Improve gc+stats logging for
 generational mode

Reviewed-by: phh, xpeng
---
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalEvacuationTask.cpp      | 2 ++
 src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalHeap.cpp  | 2 ++
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalEvacuationTask.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalEvacuationTask.cpp
index 750022b274e..54ab4c27038 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalEvacuationTask.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalEvacuationTask.cpp
@@ -62,10 +62,12 @@ ShenandoahGenerationalEvacuationTask::ShenandoahGenerationalEvacuationTask(Shena
 
 void ShenandoahGenerationalEvacuationTask::work(uint worker_id) {
   if (_concurrent) {
+    ShenandoahWorkerTimingsTracker timer(ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_evac, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::Work, worker_id, true);
     ShenandoahConcurrentWorkerSession worker_session(worker_id);
     SuspendibleThreadSetJoiner stsj;
     do_work();
   } else {
+    ShenandoahWorkerTimingsTracker timer(ShenandoahPhaseTimings::degen_gc_evac, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::Work, worker_id, true);
     ShenandoahParallelWorkerSession worker_session(worker_id);
     do_work();
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalHeap.cpp
index e7638ed15c7..31129182380 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalHeap.cpp
@@ -722,10 +722,12 @@ class ShenandoahGenerationalUpdateHeapRefsTask : public WorkerTask {
 
   void work(uint worker_id) override {
     if (CONCURRENT) {
+      ShenandoahWorkerTimingsTracker timer(ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_update_refs, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::Work, worker_id, true);
       ShenandoahConcurrentWorkerSession worker_session(worker_id);
       SuspendibleThreadSetJoiner stsj;
       do_work<ShenandoahConcUpdateRefsClosure>(worker_id);
     } else {
+      ShenandoahWorkerTimingsTracker timer(ShenandoahPhaseTimings::degen_gc_update_refs, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::Work, worker_id, true);
       ShenandoahParallelWorkerSession worker_session(worker_id);
       do_work<ShenandoahNonConcUpdateRefsClosure>(worker_id);
     }

From 58f118dd1c541a69b5c839609d026865a3365101 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Volodymyr Paprotski <vpaprotski@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 19:11:12 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 104/707] 8386911: Crypto benchmark regressions after
 JDK-8384353

Reviewed-by: weijun, semery
---
 .../com/sun/crypto/provider/ML_KEM.java       |  2 +-
 .../classes/sun/security/provider/ML_DSA.java |  4 +--
 .../sun/security/provider/SHA3Parallel.java   | 27 ++++++++++++++++---
 3 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/com/sun/crypto/provider/ML_KEM.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/com/sun/crypto/provider/ML_KEM.java
index 96a1eb686cc..5335357f8b9 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/com/sun/crypto/provider/ML_KEM.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/com/sun/crypto/provider/ML_KEM.java
@@ -858,7 +858,7 @@ private short[][][] generateA(byte[] rho, Boolean transposed) {
                         allDone = false;
                         while (!allDone) {
                             allDone = true;
-                            parXof.squeezeBlock();
+                            parXof.squeezeBlock(parInd);
                             for (int k = 0; k < parInd; k++) {
                                 int parsedOfs = 0;
                                 int tmp;
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/ML_DSA.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/ML_DSA.java
index 9c4e2c898b6..e1b41817435 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/ML_DSA.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/ML_DSA.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -1184,7 +1184,7 @@ private int[][][] generateA(byte[] seed) {
                         allDone = false;
                         while (!allDone) {
                             allDone = true;
-                            parXof.squeezeBlock();
+                            parXof.squeezeBlock(parInd);
                             for (int k = 0; k < parInd; k++) {
                                 int parsedOfs = 0;
                                 int tmp;
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/SHA3Parallel.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/SHA3Parallel.java
index caf6a7a2899..0fcc91542fa 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/SHA3Parallel.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/SHA3Parallel.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -80,9 +80,28 @@ public void reset(byte[][] buffers) throws InvalidAlgorithmParameterException {
         }
     }
 
-    public int squeezeBlock() {
-        int retVal = quadKeccak(lanesArr[0], lanesArr[1], lanesArr[2], lanesArr[3]);
-        for (int i = 0; i < NRPAR; i++) {
+    public int squeezeBlock(int nr) throws InvalidAlgorithmParameterException {
+        int retVal = 0;
+        switch (nr) {
+            case 1:
+                // until we enable single keccak intrinsic, use the better
+                // doubleKeccak
+            case 2:
+                retVal = doubleKeccak(lanesArr[0], lanesArr[1]);
+                break;
+            case 3:
+                // until we enable single keccak intrinsic, use the better
+                // doubleKeccak/quadKeccak
+            case 4:
+                retVal = quadKeccak(lanesArr[0], lanesArr[1], lanesArr[2],
+                        lanesArr[3]);
+                break;
+            default:
+                throw new InvalidAlgorithmParameterException(
+                    "Bad parallel parameter.");
+        }
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
             l2bLittle(lanesArr[i], 0, buffers[i], 0, blockSize);
         }
         return retVal;

From c2348e645201b86eccae2646ec01d668a17c5271 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Srinivas Vamsi Parasa <sparasa@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 20:15:49 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 105/707] 8386448: Enable dumping of AVX registers (YMM/ZMM and
 K registers) in JVM fatal error logs

Reviewed-by: kvn, drwhite, sviswanathan
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp        |  19 +++
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.hpp        |  11 ++
 src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_x86/os_linux_x86.cpp | 132 +++++++++++++++-
 .../ErrorHandling/TestAVXRegisterDump.java    | 142 ++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 299 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/TestAVXRegisterDump.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
index 2ca1c172542..53696ee6ef3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
@@ -489,6 +489,25 @@ class VM_Version_StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ jmp(wrapup);
 
     __ bind(start_simd_check);
+    // Query CPUID 0xD sub-leaf 5, 6, and 7 offsets for AVX-512 XSAVE components
+    __ movl(rax, 0xD);
+    __ movl(rcx, 5);
+    __ cpuid();
+    __ lea(rsi, Address(rbp, in_bytes(VM_Version::opmask_xstate_offset_offset())));
+    __ movl(Address(rsi, 0), rbx);
+
+    __ movl(rax, 0xD);
+    __ movl(rcx, 6);
+    __ cpuid();
+    __ lea(rsi, Address(rbp, in_bytes(VM_Version::zmm0to15_hi256_xstate_offset_offset())));
+    __ movl(Address(rsi, 0), rbx);
+
+    __ movl(rax, 0xD);
+    __ movl(rcx, 7);
+    __ cpuid();
+    __ lea(rsi, Address(rbp, in_bytes(VM_Version::zmm16to31_xstate_offset_offset())));
+    __ movl(Address(rsi, 0), rbx);
+
     //
     // Some OSs have a bug when upper 128/256bits of YMM/ZMM
     // registers are not restored after a signal processing.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.hpp
index 2fb1af71a10..d268665d091 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.hpp
@@ -683,6 +683,11 @@ class VM_Version : public Abstract_VM_Version {
     uint32_t          apx_xstate_size;          // EAX: size of APX state (128)
     uint32_t          apx_xstate_offset;        // EBX: offset in standard XSAVE area
 
+    // cpuid function 0xD, subleaf 5, 6 and 7 (AVX-512 extended state)
+    uint32_t          opmask_xstate_offset;          // EBX: offset of Opmask component
+    uint32_t          zmm0to15_hi256_xstate_offset;  // EBX: offset of ZMM_Hi256 component
+    uint32_t          zmm16to31_xstate_offset;       // EBX: offset of Hi16_ZMM component
+
     VM_Features feature_flags() const;
 
     // Asserts
@@ -748,9 +753,15 @@ class VM_Version : public Abstract_VM_Version {
   static ByteSize apx_save_offset() { return byte_offset_of(CpuidInfo, apx_save); }
   static ByteSize apx_xstate_offset_offset() { return byte_offset_of(CpuidInfo, apx_xstate_offset); }
   static ByteSize apx_xstate_size_offset() { return byte_offset_of(CpuidInfo, apx_xstate_size); }
+  static ByteSize opmask_xstate_offset_offset() { return byte_offset_of(CpuidInfo, opmask_xstate_offset); }
+  static ByteSize zmm0to15_hi256_xstate_offset_offset() { return byte_offset_of(CpuidInfo, zmm0to15_hi256_xstate_offset); }
+  static ByteSize zmm16to31_xstate_offset_offset() { return byte_offset_of(CpuidInfo, zmm16to31_xstate_offset); }
 
   static uint32_t apx_xstate_offset() { return _cpuid_info.apx_xstate_offset; }
   static uint32_t apx_xstate_size()   { return _cpuid_info.apx_xstate_size; }
+  static uint32_t opmask_xstate_offset()        { return _cpuid_info.opmask_xstate_offset; }
+  static uint32_t zmm0to15_hi256_xstate_offset() { return _cpuid_info.zmm0to15_hi256_xstate_offset; }
+  static uint32_t zmm16to31_xstate_offset()      { return _cpuid_info.zmm16to31_xstate_offset; }
 
   // The value used to check ymm register after signal handle
   static int ymm_test_value()    { return 0xCAFEBABE; }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_x86/os_linux_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_x86/os_linux_x86.cpp
index 6750b71476b..25ee449d8b1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_x86/os_linux_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_x86/os_linux_x86.cpp
@@ -381,9 +381,22 @@ size_t os::Posix::default_stack_size(os::ThreadType thr_type) {
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // helper functions for fatal error handler
 
+// XSAVE Buffer Layout (Intel SDM Vol. 1, Section 13.4.1)
+// Bytes   0-511: Legacy x87/FPU and SSE state (includes XMM0-15)
+// Bytes 512-575: XSAVE Header (64 bytes)
+// Bytes 576-831: YMMH state (upper 128 bits of YMM0-15)
+//                YMMH[i] at: buffer + 576 + (i * 16)
+// Bytes 832+:    Extended state components (e.g., AVX-512, APX, etc.).
+//                Component offsets and sizes are
+//                enumerated by CPUID.(EAX=0xD, ECX=n).
 // XSAVE constants - from Intel SDM Vol. 1, Chapter 13
 #define XSAVE_HDR_OFFSET 512
+#define XSAVE_HDR_SIZE   64
 #define XFEATURE_APX     (1ULL << 19)
+#define XFEATURE_YMM     (1ULL << 2)
+#define XFEATURE_OPMASK  (1ULL << 5)
+#define XFEATURE_ZMM_HI256 (1ULL << 6)
+#define XFEATURE_HI16_ZMM (1ULL << 7)
 
 // XSAVE header structure
 // See: Intel SDM Vol. 1, Section 13.4.2 "XSAVE Header"
@@ -417,6 +430,118 @@ static apx_state* get_apx_state(const ucontext_t* uc) {
     return (apx_state*)(xsave + offset);
 }
 
+static void print_xmm_registers(outputStream* st, const ucontext_t* uc) {
+  for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+    const uint64_t* xmm = (const uint64_t*)&uc->uc_mcontext.fpregs->_xmm[i];
+    st->print_cr("XMM[%d]=" INTPTR_FORMAT " " INTPTR_FORMAT, i, xmm[1], xmm[0]);
+  }
+}
+
+static void print_ymm_registers(outputStream* st, const ucontext_t* uc, bool has_ymm_hi128) {
+  const char* xsave = (const char*)uc->uc_mcontext.fpregs;
+  for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+    const uint64_t* xmm = (const uint64_t*)&uc->uc_mcontext.fpregs->_xmm[i];
+    uint64_t values[4] = {xmm[0], xmm[1], 0, 0};
+    if (has_ymm_hi128) {
+      const uint64_t* ymmh = (const uint64_t*)(xsave + XSAVE_HDR_OFFSET + XSAVE_HDR_SIZE + (i * 16));
+      values[2] = ymmh[0];
+      values[3] = ymmh[1];
+    }
+    st->print("YMM[%d]=", i);
+    for (int j = 3; j >= 0; --j) {
+      st->print("%s" INTPTR_FORMAT, (j == 3) ? "" : " ", values[j]);
+    }
+    st->cr();
+  }
+}
+
+static void print_zmm_registers(outputStream* st, const ucontext_t* uc, bool has_ymm_hi128,
+                                bool has_zmm_hi256, bool has_hi16_zmm) {
+  const char* xsave = (const char*)uc->uc_mcontext.fpregs;
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < 32; ++i) {
+    uint64_t values[8] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
+
+    if (i < 16) {
+      const uint64_t* xmm = (const uint64_t*)&uc->uc_mcontext.fpregs->_xmm[i];
+      values[0] = xmm[0];
+      values[1] = xmm[1];
+
+      if (has_ymm_hi128) {
+        const uint64_t* ymmh = (const uint64_t*)(xsave + XSAVE_HDR_OFFSET + XSAVE_HDR_SIZE + (i * 16));
+        values[2] = ymmh[0];
+        values[3] = ymmh[1];
+      }
+
+      if (has_zmm_hi256) {
+        const uint32_t zmm_hi256_offset = VM_Version::zmm0to15_hi256_xstate_offset();
+        const uint64_t* zmm_hi256 = (const uint64_t*)(xsave + zmm_hi256_offset + (i * 32));
+        values[4] = zmm_hi256[0];
+        values[5] = zmm_hi256[1];
+        values[6] = zmm_hi256[2];
+        values[7] = zmm_hi256[3];
+      }
+    } else if (has_hi16_zmm) {
+      const uint32_t hi16_zmm_offset = VM_Version::zmm16to31_xstate_offset();
+      const uint64_t* zmm = (const uint64_t*)(xsave + hi16_zmm_offset + ((i - 16) * 64));
+      values[0] = zmm[0];
+      values[1] = zmm[1];
+      values[2] = zmm[2];
+      values[3] = zmm[3];
+      values[4] = zmm[4];
+      values[5] = zmm[5];
+      values[6] = zmm[6];
+      values[7] = zmm[7];
+    }
+
+    st->print("ZMM[%d]=", i);
+    for (int j = 7; j >= 0; --j) {
+      st->print("%s" INTPTR_FORMAT, (j == 7) ? "" : " ", values[j]);
+    }
+    st->cr();
+  }
+}
+
+static void print_kmask_registers(outputStream* st, const ucontext_t* uc, bool has_opmask) {
+  const uint32_t opmask_offset = VM_Version::opmask_xstate_offset();
+  if (!has_opmask || opmask_offset == 0) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const char* xsave = (const char*)uc->uc_mcontext.fpregs;
+  const uint64_t* kmask = (const uint64_t*)(xsave + opmask_offset);
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+    st->print_cr("K[%d]=" INTPTR_FORMAT, i, kmask[i]);
+  }
+  st->cr();
+}
+
+static void print_vector_registers(outputStream* st, const ucontext_t* uc) {
+  if (uc->uc_mcontext.fpregs == nullptr) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (UseAVX < 2) {
+    return print_xmm_registers(st, uc);
+  }
+
+  const char* xsave = (const char*)uc->uc_mcontext.fpregs;
+  const uint64_t* xstate_hdr_ptr = (const uint64_t*)(xsave + XSAVE_HDR_OFFSET);
+  const uint64_t xsave_state_bitmap = xstate_hdr_ptr[0];
+  const bool has_ymm_hi128 = (xsave_state_bitmap & XFEATURE_YMM) != 0;
+  const bool has_opmask = (xsave_state_bitmap & XFEATURE_OPMASK) != 0;
+  const bool has_zmm_hi256 = (xsave_state_bitmap & XFEATURE_ZMM_HI256) != 0;
+  const bool has_hi16_zmm = (xsave_state_bitmap & XFEATURE_HI16_ZMM) != 0;
+  const bool should_print_zmm_registers = (UseAVX > 2) && (has_zmm_hi256 || has_hi16_zmm);
+
+  if (!should_print_zmm_registers) {
+    return print_ymm_registers(st, uc, has_ymm_hi128);
+  }
+
+  print_kmask_registers(st, uc, has_opmask);
+  print_zmm_registers(st, uc, has_ymm_hi128, has_zmm_hi256, has_hi16_zmm);
+}
 
 void os::print_context(outputStream *st, const void *context) {
   if (context == nullptr) return;
@@ -458,7 +583,7 @@ void os::print_context(outputStream *st, const void *context) {
   st->print(", ERR=" INTPTR_FORMAT, (intptr_t)uc->uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_ERR]);
   st->cr();
   st->print("  TRAPNO=" INTPTR_FORMAT, (intptr_t)uc->uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_TRAPNO]);
-  // Add XMM registers + MXCSR. Note that C2 uses XMM to spill GPR values including pointers.
+  // Add vector registers + MXCSR. Note that C2 uses XMM to spill GPR values including pointers.
   st->cr();
   st->cr();
   // Sanity check: fpregs should point into the context.
@@ -467,10 +592,7 @@ void os::print_context(outputStream *st, const void *context) {
     st->print_cr("bad uc->uc_mcontext.fpregs: " INTPTR_FORMAT " (uc: " INTPTR_FORMAT ")",
                  p2i(uc->uc_mcontext.fpregs), p2i(uc));
   } else {
-    for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
-      const int64_t* xmm_val_addr = (int64_t*)&(uc->uc_mcontext.fpregs->_xmm[i]);
-      st->print_cr("XMM[%d]=" INTPTR_FORMAT " " INTPTR_FORMAT, i, xmm_val_addr[1], xmm_val_addr[0]);
-    }
+    print_vector_registers(st, uc);
     st->print("  MXCSR=" UINT32_FORMAT_X_0, uc->uc_mcontext.fpregs->mxcsr);
   }
   st->cr();
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/TestAVXRegisterDump.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/TestAVXRegisterDump.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1f2fec74fee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/TestAVXRegisterDump.java
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test that YMM and ZMM registers are correctly dumped in hs_err for different UseAVX settings
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires os.family == "linux" & os.arch == "amd64"
+ * @requires vm.debug == true
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver TestAVXRegisterDump
+ */
+
+// Note: this test can only run on debug since it relies on VMError::controlled_crash() which
+// only exists in debug builds.
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+public class TestAVXRegisterDump {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+
+        if (args.length > 0 && args[0].equals("crash")) {
+            WhiteBox.getWhiteBox().controlledCrash(2);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Still alive?");
+        }
+
+        // Test UseAVX=1 (XMM only)
+        testWithUseAVX(1);
+
+        // Test UseAVX=2 (YMM)
+        testWithUseAVX(2);
+
+        // Test UseAVX=3 (ZMM + K masks if available)
+        testWithUseAVX(3);
+    }
+
+    static void testWithUseAVX(int useAVX) throws Exception {
+        ProcessBuilder pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder(
+            "-Xbootclasspath/a:.",
+            "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+            "-XX:+WhiteBoxAPI",
+            "-XX:UseAVX=" + useAVX,
+            "-XX:-CreateCoredumpOnCrash",
+            "-Xmx100M",
+            TestAVXRegisterDump.class.getName(), "crash");
+
+        OutputAnalyzer output = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+        output.shouldMatch("# A fatal error has been detected by the Java Runtime Environment:.*");
+
+        File hsErrFile = HsErrFileUtils.openHsErrFileFromOutput(output);
+        validateRegisterContent(hsErrFile, useAVX);
+    }
+
+    static Pattern[] createRegisterPatterns(String regType, int count) {
+        Pattern[] patterns = new Pattern[count];
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            // Create regex pattern to match entire register line (e.g., "XMM[0]=0xHEX 0xHEX")
+            // Used with Matcher.matches() which requires matching the entire line
+            patterns[i] = Pattern.compile(regType + "\\[" + i + "\\]=.*");
+        }
+        return patterns;
+    }
+
+    static void validateRegisterContent(File hsErrFile, int useAVX) throws Exception {
+        if (useAVX == 1) {
+            validateRegistersUseAVX1(hsErrFile);
+        } else if (useAVX == 2) {
+            validateRegistersUseAVX2(hsErrFile);
+        } else if (useAVX == 3) {
+            validateRegistersUseAVX3(hsErrFile);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void validateRegistersUseAVX1(File hsErrFile) throws Exception {
+        // UseAVX=1: XMM registers only (0-15)
+        Pattern[] positivePatterns = createRegisterPatterns("XMM", 16);
+        Pattern[] negativePatterns = new Pattern[] {
+            Pattern.compile("YMM\\[.*\\]=.*"),
+            Pattern.compile("ZMM\\[.*\\]=.*"),
+        };
+        HsErrFileUtils.checkHsErrFileContent(hsErrFile, positivePatterns, negativePatterns, false, false);
+    }
+
+    static void validateRegistersUseAVX2(File hsErrFile) throws Exception {
+        // UseAVX=2: YMM registers only (0-15)
+        Pattern[] positivePatterns = createRegisterPatterns("YMM", 16);
+        Pattern[] negativePatterns = new Pattern[] {
+            Pattern.compile("XMM\\[.*\\]=.*"),
+            Pattern.compile("ZMM\\[.*\\]=.*"),
+        };
+        HsErrFileUtils.checkHsErrFileContent(hsErrFile, positivePatterns, negativePatterns, false, false);
+    }
+
+    static void validateRegistersUseAVX3(File hsErrFile) throws Exception {
+        // UseAVX=3: ZMM + K masks (if available) or fallback to YMM
+        // Try ZMM first, then fallback to YMM if CPU doesn't support AVX-512
+        try {
+            Pattern[] zmmPatterns = createRegisterPatterns("ZMM", 32);
+            Pattern[] zmmNegativePatterns = new Pattern[] {
+                Pattern.compile("XMM\\[.*\\]=.*"),
+            };
+            HsErrFileUtils.checkHsErrFileContent(hsErrFile, zmmPatterns, zmmNegativePatterns, false, false);
+
+            Pattern[] kPatterns = createRegisterPatterns("K", 8);
+            HsErrFileUtils.checkHsErrFileContent(hsErrFile, kPatterns, null, false, false);
+        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+            // If ZMM not found, try YMM
+            Pattern[] ymmPatterns = createRegisterPatterns("YMM", 16);
+            Pattern[] ymmNegativePatterns = new Pattern[] {
+                Pattern.compile("XMM\\[.*\\]=.*"),
+            };
+            HsErrFileUtils.checkHsErrFileContent(hsErrFile, ymmPatterns, ymmNegativePatterns, false, false);
+        }
+    }
+}

From 57f988d31ceaec97ded8de08b777daff01840e88 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Kelvin Nilsen <kdnilsen@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 20:32:45 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 106/707] 8386910: Shenandoah: remove redundant logging of free
 set status

Reviewed-by: wkemper, xpeng, ruili
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp | 4 +---
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp
index 24748bdaab3..eddeca57fd1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2021, 2022, Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
@@ -204,8 +204,6 @@ bool ShenandoahConcurrentGC::collect(GCCause::Cause cause) {
   // we will not age young-gen objects in the case that we skip evacuation.
   entry_cleanup_early();
 
-  heap->free_set()->log_status_under_lock();
-
   // Processing strong roots
   // This may be skipped if there is nothing to update/evacuate.
   // If so, strong_root_in_progress would be unset.

From 299a42b3ce51e093a77ab4691e125bc1a12ec474 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jorn Vernee <jvernee@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 21:50:33 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 107/707] 8383882: javac: incremental compilation using
 --module misses classes

Reviewed-by: jlahoda, mcimadamore, vromero
---
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/main/Arguments.java   |  35 +--
 .../tools/javac/resources/javac.properties    |   2 +-
 .../IncrementalComp/TestIncrementalComp.java  | 293 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../tools/javac/modules/MOptionTest.java      |  36 +--
 4 files changed, 327 insertions(+), 39 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/langtools/tools/javac/IncrementalComp/TestIncrementalComp.java

diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/main/Arguments.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/main/Arguments.java
index 58beee78af2..9a0b75a3aa4 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/main/Arguments.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/main/Arguments.java
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.EnumSet;
-import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
 import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
@@ -278,12 +277,8 @@ public void init(String ownName) {
      */
     public Set<JavaFileObject> getFileObjects() {
         if (fileObjects == null) {
-            fileObjects = new LinkedHashSet<>();
-        }
-        if (files != null) {
-            JavacFileManager jfm = (JavacFileManager) getFileManager();
-            for (JavaFileObject fo: jfm.getJavaFileObjectsFromPaths(files))
-                fileObjects.add(fo);
+            // see Arguments::validate
+            throw new IllegalStateException("file objects have not been initialized");
         }
         return fileObjects;
     }
@@ -421,6 +416,9 @@ private boolean doProcessArgs(Iterable<String> args,
      */
     public boolean validate() {
         JavaFileManager fm = getFileManager();
+        if (fileObjects == null) {
+            fileObjects = new LinkedHashSet<>();
+        }
         if (options.isSet(Option.MODULE)) {
             if (!fm.hasLocation(StandardLocation.CLASS_OUTPUT)) {
                 log.error(Errors.OutputDirMustBeSpecifiedWithDashMOption);
@@ -433,19 +431,10 @@ public boolean validate() {
                         Location sourceLoc = fm.getLocationForModule(StandardLocation.MODULE_SOURCE_PATH, module);
                         if (sourceLoc == null) {
                             log.error(Errors.ModuleNotFoundInModuleSourcePath(module));
-                        } else {
-                            Location classLoc = fm.getLocationForModule(StandardLocation.CLASS_OUTPUT, module);
-
-                            for (JavaFileObject file : fm.list(sourceLoc, "", EnumSet.of(JavaFileObject.Kind.SOURCE), true)) {
-                                String className = fm.inferBinaryName(sourceLoc, file);
-                                JavaFileObject classFile = fm.getJavaFileForInput(classLoc, className, Kind.CLASS);
-
-                                if (classFile == null || classFile.getLastModified() < file.getLastModified()) {
-                                    if (fileObjects == null)
-                                        fileObjects = new HashSet<>();
-                                    fileObjects.add(file);
-                                }
-                            }
+                            return false;
+                        }
+                        for (JavaFileObject file : fm.list(sourceLoc, "", EnumSet.of(Kind.SOURCE), true)) {
+                            fileObjects.add(file);
                         }
                     }
                 } catch (IOException ex) {
@@ -455,6 +444,12 @@ public boolean validate() {
                 }
             }
         }
+        if (files != null) {
+            JavacFileManager jfm = (JavacFileManager) getFileManager();
+            for (JavaFileObject fo : jfm.getJavaFileObjectsFromPaths(files)){
+                fileObjects.add(fo);
+            }
+        }
 
         if (isEmpty()) {
             // It is allowed to compile nothing if just asking for help or version info.
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/javac.properties b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/javac.properties
index 7824772b1f3..d835c639827 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/javac.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/javac.properties
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ javac.opt.modulepath=\
 javac.opt.sourcepath=\
     Specify where to find input source files
 javac.opt.m=\
-    Compile only the specified module(s), check timestamps
+    Compile only the specified module(s)
 javac.opt.modulesourcepath=\
     Specify where to find input source files for multiple modules
 javac.opt.bootclasspath=\
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/IncrementalComp/TestIncrementalComp.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/IncrementalComp/TestIncrementalComp.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2be04e98c2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/IncrementalComp/TestIncrementalComp.java
@@ -0,0 +1,293 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test javac incremental compilation with modules
+ * @run junit TestIncrementalComp
+ */
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.lang.module.Configuration;
+import java.lang.module.ModuleFinder;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.spi.ToolProvider;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import static java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption.CREATE_NEW;
+import static java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+
+class TestIncrementalComp {
+
+    static final ToolProvider JAVAC = ToolProvider.findFirst("javac")
+            .orElseThrow();
+
+    record TestCase(String srcDir, Map<Path, String> sources, Set<String> modules, String mainModule, Map<String, String> addReadsEdges) {
+        TestCase(String srcDir, Map<Path, String> sources, Set<String> modules, String mainModule) {
+            this(srcDir, sources, modules, mainModule, Map.of());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("cases")
+    public void test(TestCase testCase) throws Throwable {
+        Path workDir = Path.of(testCase.srcDir());
+        // set up test sources
+        Path localTestModules = workDir.resolve("test_modules");
+        Path outDir = workDir.resolve("mods");
+        for (Map.Entry<Path, String> sourceFile : testCase.sources().entrySet()) {
+            Path filePath = localTestModules.resolve(sourceFile.getKey());
+            Files.createDirectories(filePath.getParent());
+            Files.writeString(filePath, sourceFile.getValue(), CREATE_NEW);
+        }
+
+        Path libPath = localTestModules.resolve(LIB_PATH);
+        Files.createDirectories(libPath.getParent());
+        Files.writeString(libPath, ALT_LIB_INT, CREATE_NEW);
+
+        List<String> javacCommand = new ArrayList<>(List.of(
+            "-d", outDir.toString(),
+            "--module-source-path=" + localTestModules,
+            "--module", String.join(",", testCase.modules())
+        ));
+        for (Map.Entry<String, String> addReads : testCase.addReadsEdges().entrySet()) {
+            String reader = addReads.getKey();
+            String read = addReads.getValue();
+            javacCommand.add(String.format("--add-reads=%s=%s", reader, read));
+        }
+        // compile both modules
+        compile(javacCommand);
+
+        String mainClass = testCase.mainModule() + ".app.Main";
+        invokeMainMethod(outDir, testCase.mainModule(), mainClass, testCase.addReadsEdges());
+
+        // modify sources. Dep is not modified
+        Files.writeString(libPath, ALT_LIB_LONG, TRUNCATE_EXISTING);
+
+        // recompile. Any dependency on the changed file should be recompiled as well
+        compile(javacCommand);
+
+        // should work
+        // if this fails because of incremental compilation issues, we can expect to see a NoSuchMethodError
+        invokeMainMethod(outDir, testCase.mainModule(), mainClass, testCase.addReadsEdges());
+    }
+
+    private static void invokeMainMethod(Path modulePath, String moduleName, String mainClassName,
+                                         Map<String, String> addReadsEdges)
+            throws ReflectiveOperationException {
+        // define module layer
+        // note that we need to explicitly add any read module to the set of roots
+        ModuleLayer boot = ModuleLayer.boot();
+        Set<String> allRoots = Stream.concat(Stream.of(moduleName), addReadsEdges.values().stream())
+                .collect(Collectors.toSet());
+        Configuration config = boot.configuration()
+                .resolve(ModuleFinder.of(modulePath), ModuleFinder.of(), allRoots);
+        ModuleLayer.Controller controller = ModuleLayer.defineModulesWithOneLoader(
+                config, List.of(boot), ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader());
+
+        // add extra reads edges
+        for (Map.Entry<String, String> addReads : addReadsEdges.entrySet()) {
+            Module reader = controller.layer().findModule(addReads.getKey()).orElseThrow();
+            Module read = controller.layer().findModule(addReads.getValue()).orElseThrow();
+            controller.addReads(reader, read);
+        }
+
+        // invoke main
+        Class<?> main1 = controller.layer().findLoader(moduleName).loadClass(mainClassName);
+        Method m = main1.getMethod("main", String[].class);
+        m.invoke(null, new Object[]{ new String[0] });
+    }
+
+    private static void compile(List<String> args) {
+        System.err.println("compile: " + args);
+        StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
+        PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(sw);
+        int rc = JAVAC.run(pw, pw, args.toArray(String[]::new));
+        pw.close();
+        System.err.println(sw);
+        assertEquals(0, rc);
+    }
+
+    private static final Path LIB_PATH = Path.of("org.moda/org/moda/lib/Lib.java");
+
+    private static final String ALT_LIB_INT = """
+            package org.moda.lib;
+            public class Lib {
+                public static int getVal() {
+                    return 42;
+                }
+            }
+            """;
+
+    private static final String ALT_LIB_LONG = """
+            package org.moda.lib;
+            public class Lib {
+                public static long getVal() {
+                    return 42;
+                }
+            }
+            """;
+
+    static Stream<TestCase> cases() {
+        return Stream.of(
+                new TestCase("single", Map.of(
+                    Path.of("org.moda/module-info.java"),
+                    """
+                    module org.moda {
+                        // for reflective access
+                        exports org.moda.app;
+                    }
+                    """,
+                    Path.of("org.moda/org/moda/lib/Dep.java"),
+                    """
+                    package org.moda.lib;
+
+                    public class Dep {
+                        public static long getVal() {
+                            return Lib.getVal();
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """,
+                    Path.of("org.moda/org/moda/app/Main.java"),
+                    """
+                    package org.moda.app;
+
+                    import org.moda.lib.Dep;
+
+                    public class Main {
+                        public static void main(String[] args) {
+                            System.out.println(Dep.getVal());
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """
+                ), Set.of("org.moda"), "org.moda"),
+                new TestCase("multi", Map.of(
+                    Path.of("org.moda/module-info.java"),
+                    """
+                    module org.moda {
+                        exports org.moda.lib;
+                    }
+                    """,
+                    Path.of("org.modb/module-info.java"),
+                    """
+                    module org.modb {
+                        requires org.moda;
+
+                        // for reflective access
+                        exports org.modb.app;
+                    }
+                    """,
+                    Path.of("org.modb/org/modb/app/Main.java"),
+                    """
+                    package org.modb.app;
+
+                    import org.moda.lib.Lib;
+
+                    public class Main {
+                        public static void main(String[] args) {
+                            System.out.println(Lib.getVal());
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """
+                ), Set.of("org.moda", "org.modb"), "org.modb"),
+                new TestCase("transitive", Map.of(
+                    Path.of("org.moda/module-info.java"),
+                    """
+                    module org.moda {
+                        exports org.moda.lib;
+                    }
+
+                    """,
+                    Path.of("org.modb/module-info.java"),
+                    """
+                    module org.modb {
+                        // for org.modc
+                        requires transitive org.moda;
+                    }
+                    """,
+                    Path.of("org.modc/module-info.java"),
+                    """
+                    module org.modc {
+                        requires org.modb;
+
+                        // for reflective access
+                        exports org.modc.app;
+                    }
+                    """,
+                    Path.of("org.modc/org/modc/app/Main.java"),
+                    """
+                    package org.modc.app;
+
+                    import org.moda.lib.Lib;
+
+                    public class Main {
+                        public static void main(String[] args) {
+                            System.out.println(Lib.getVal());
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """
+                ), Set.of("org.moda", "org.modb", "org.modc"), "org.modc"),
+                new TestCase("add_reads", Map.of(
+                    Path.of("org.moda/module-info.java"),
+                    """
+                    module org.moda {
+                        exports org.moda.lib;
+                    }
+                    """,
+                    Path.of("org.modb/module-info.java"),
+                    """
+                    module org.modb {
+                        // no explicit requires
+
+                        // for reflective access
+                        exports org.modb.app;
+                    }
+                    """,
+                    Path.of("org.modb/org/modb/app/Main.java"),
+                    """
+                    package org.modb.app;
+
+                    import org.moda.lib.Lib;
+
+                    public class Main {
+                        public static void main(String[] args) {
+                            System.out.println(Lib.getVal());
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """
+                ), Set.of("org.moda", "org.modb"), "org.modb", Map.of("org.modb", "org.moda"))
+            );
+        }
+    }
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/modules/MOptionTest.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/modules/MOptionTest.java
index ff08960b0bc..470815a9493 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/modules/MOptionTest.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/modules/MOptionTest.java
@@ -84,12 +84,12 @@ public void testOneModule(Path base) throws Exception {
                 .run(Task.Expect.SUCCESS)
                 .writeAll();
 
-        if (!moduleInfoTimeStamp.equals(Files.getLastModifiedTime(moduleInfoClass))) {
-            throw new AssertionError("Classfile update!");
+        if (Files.getLastModifiedTime(moduleInfoClass).compareTo(moduleInfoTimeStamp) <= 0) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Classfile too old!");
         }
 
-        if (!testTestTimeStamp.equals(Files.getLastModifiedTime(testTestClass))) {
-            throw new AssertionError("Classfile update!");
+        if (Files.getLastModifiedTime(testTestClass).compareTo(Files.getLastModifiedTime(testTest)) < 0) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Classfiles too old!");
         }
 
         // Date back the source file by one second compared to the current time.
@@ -102,8 +102,8 @@ public void testOneModule(Path base) throws Exception {
                 .run(Task.Expect.SUCCESS)
                 .writeAll();
 
-        if (!moduleInfoTimeStamp.equals(Files.getLastModifiedTime(moduleInfoClass))) {
-            throw new AssertionError("Classfile update!");
+        if (Files.getLastModifiedTime(moduleInfoClass).compareTo(moduleInfoTimeStamp) <= 0) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Classfile too old!");
         }
 
         if (Files.getLastModifiedTime(testTestClass).compareTo(Files.getLastModifiedTime(testTest)) < 0) {
@@ -219,20 +219,20 @@ public void testMultiModule(Path base) throws Exception {
                 .run(Task.Expect.SUCCESS)
                 .writeAll();
 
-        if (!m1ModuleInfoTimeStamp.equals(Files.getLastModifiedTime(m1ModuleInfoClass))) {
-            throw new AssertionError("Classfile update!");
+        if (Files.getLastModifiedTime(m1ModuleInfoClass).compareTo(m1ModuleInfoTimeStamp) <= 0) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Classfile too old!");
         }
 
-        if (!m2ModuleInfoTimeStamp.equals(Files.getLastModifiedTime(m2ModuleInfoClass))) {
-            throw new AssertionError("Classfile update!");
+        if (Files.getLastModifiedTime(m2ModuleInfoClass).compareTo(m2ModuleInfoTimeStamp) <= 0) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Classfile too old!");
         }
 
-        if (!C1TimeStamp.equals(Files.getLastModifiedTime(classC1))) {
-            throw new AssertionError("Classfile update!");
+        if (Files.getLastModifiedTime(classC1).compareTo(Files.getLastModifiedTime(C1Source)) < 0) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Classfiles too old!");
         }
 
-        if (!C2TimeStamp.equals(Files.getLastModifiedTime(classC2))) {
-            throw new AssertionError("Classfile update!");
+        if (Files.getLastModifiedTime(classC2).compareTo(Files.getLastModifiedTime(C2Source)) < 0) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Classfiles too old!");
         }
 
         // Date back the source file by one second compared to the current time.
@@ -246,12 +246,12 @@ public void testMultiModule(Path base) throws Exception {
                 .run(Task.Expect.SUCCESS)
                 .writeAll();
 
-        if (!m1ModuleInfoTimeStamp.equals(Files.getLastModifiedTime(m1ModuleInfoClass))) {
-            throw new AssertionError("Classfile update!");
+        if (Files.getLastModifiedTime(m1ModuleInfoClass).compareTo(m1ModuleInfoTimeStamp) <= 0) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Classfile too old!");
         }
 
-        if (!m2ModuleInfoTimeStamp.equals(Files.getLastModifiedTime(m2ModuleInfoClass))) {
-            throw new AssertionError("Classfile update!");
+        if (Files.getLastModifiedTime(m2ModuleInfoClass).compareTo(m2ModuleInfoTimeStamp) <= 0) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Classfile too old!");
         }
 
         if (Files.getLastModifiedTime(classC1).compareTo(Files.getLastModifiedTime(C1Source)) < 0) {

From e4cd94459082586237c998cece527163300a758c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jorn Vernee <jvernee@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 21:52:37 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 108/707] 8387406: ProblemList
 java/foreign/normalize/TestNormalize.java

Reviewed-by: liach, jpai
---
 test/jdk/ProblemList.txt | 2 ++
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt b/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
index fcde1d9c01d..5e730af92b0 100644
--- a/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
@@ -648,6 +648,8 @@ jdk/jfr/event/oldobject/TestZ.java                              8375615 generic-
 
 # jdk_foreign
 
+java/foreign/normalize/TestNormalize.java 8386848 generic-all
+
 ############################################################################
 # Client manual tests
 

From f232f552af2df3ef5190438a4bb22f0d7ee42dd2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Reeves <mreeves@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 2026 04:39:30 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 109/707] 8379327: 128-bit multiplication uses two multiply
 instructions on x86_64

Reviewed-by: dlong, sviswanathan
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad            |  14 +--
 src/hotspot/cpu/arm/arm.ad                    |  16 +--
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad                    |  16 +--
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad                |  14 +--
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad                  |  16 +--
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad                    |  44 +++++--
 src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp            |   2 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp            |  30 ++++-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp            |   1 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp            |  54 ++++----
 src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp            |  28 +----
 src/hotspot/share/opto/matcher.hpp            |  18 +--
 src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.cpp            |  32 +++++
 src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.hpp            |  29 ++++-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/multnode.hpp           |  28 +++++
 src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp               |  25 +++-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp               |   2 +-
 .../c2/TestMultiplyHighLowFusion.java         | 117 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../library/Operations.java                   |   4 +
 .../vm/compiler/MultiplyHighLowFusion.java    | 116 +++++++++++++++++
 20 files changed, 491 insertions(+), 115 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestMultiplyHighLowFusion.java
 create mode 100644 test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/vm/compiler/MultiplyHighLowFusion.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad
index 49f3419dfb6..05e4321b663 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad
@@ -2512,25 +2512,25 @@ uint Matcher::float_pressure_limit()
   return (FLOATPRESSURE == -1) ? _FLOAT_REG_mask.size() : FLOATPRESSURE;
 }
 
-const RegMask& Matcher::divI_proj_mask() {
+const RegMask& Matcher::firstI_proj_mask() {
   ShouldNotReachHere();
   return RegMask::EMPTY;
 }
 
-// Register for MODI projection of divmodI.
-const RegMask& Matcher::modI_proj_mask() {
+// Register for the second projection of an int pair
+const RegMask& Matcher::secondI_proj_mask() {
   ShouldNotReachHere();
   return RegMask::EMPTY;
 }
 
-// Register for DIVL projection of divmodL.
-const RegMask& Matcher::divL_proj_mask() {
+// Register for the first projection of a long pair
+const RegMask& Matcher::firstL_proj_mask() {
   ShouldNotReachHere();
   return RegMask::EMPTY;
 }
 
-// Register for MODL projection of divmodL.
-const RegMask& Matcher::modL_proj_mask() {
+// Register for the second projection of a long pair
+const RegMask& Matcher::secondL_proj_mask() {
   ShouldNotReachHere();
   return RegMask::EMPTY;
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/arm.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/arm.ad
index 45ae283e05a..7ae3381600e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/arm.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/arm.ad
@@ -1112,26 +1112,26 @@ uint Matcher::float_pressure_limit()
   return (FLOATPRESSURE == -1) ? 30 : FLOATPRESSURE;
 }
 
-// Register for DIVI projection of divmodI
-const RegMask& Matcher::divI_proj_mask() {
+// Register for the first projection of an int pair
+const RegMask& Matcher::firstI_proj_mask() {
   ShouldNotReachHere();
   return RegMask::EMPTY;
 }
 
-// Register for MODI projection of divmodI
-const RegMask& Matcher::modI_proj_mask() {
+// Register for the second projection of an int pair
+const RegMask& Matcher::secondI_proj_mask() {
   ShouldNotReachHere();
   return RegMask::EMPTY;
 }
 
-// Register for DIVL projection of divmodL
-const RegMask& Matcher::divL_proj_mask() {
+// Register for the first projection of a long pair
+const RegMask& Matcher::firstL_proj_mask() {
   ShouldNotReachHere();
   return RegMask::EMPTY;
 }
 
-// Register for MODL projection of divmodL
-const RegMask& Matcher::modL_proj_mask() {
+// Register for the second projection of a long pair
+const RegMask& Matcher::secondL_proj_mask() {
   ShouldNotReachHere();
   return RegMask::EMPTY;
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
index 3cdc820b5f9..e7464feb4ab 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
@@ -2351,26 +2351,26 @@ uint Matcher::float_pressure_limit()
   return (FLOATPRESSURE == -1) ? 28 : FLOATPRESSURE;
 }
 
-// Register for DIVI projection of divmodI.
-const RegMask& Matcher::divI_proj_mask() {
+// Register for the first projection of an int pair
+const RegMask& Matcher::firstI_proj_mask() {
   ShouldNotReachHere();
   return RegMask::EMPTY;
 }
 
-// Register for MODI projection of divmodI.
-const RegMask& Matcher::modI_proj_mask() {
+// Register for the second projection of an int pair
+const RegMask& Matcher::secondI_proj_mask() {
   ShouldNotReachHere();
   return RegMask::EMPTY;
 }
 
-// Register for DIVL projection of divmodL.
-const RegMask& Matcher::divL_proj_mask() {
+// Register for the first projection of a long pair
+const RegMask& Matcher::firstL_proj_mask() {
   ShouldNotReachHere();
   return RegMask::EMPTY;
 }
 
-// Register for MODL projection of divmodL.
-const RegMask& Matcher::modL_proj_mask() {
+// Register for the second projection of a long pair
+const RegMask& Matcher::secondL_proj_mask() {
   ShouldNotReachHere();
   return RegMask::EMPTY;
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
index 0c077dc84a3..7bfff4b2086 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
@@ -2100,25 +2100,25 @@ uint Matcher::float_pressure_limit()
   return (FLOATPRESSURE == -1) ? _FLOAT_REG_mask.size() : FLOATPRESSURE;
 }
 
-const RegMask& Matcher::divI_proj_mask() {
+const RegMask& Matcher::firstI_proj_mask() {
   ShouldNotReachHere();
   return RegMask::EMPTY;
 }
 
-// Register for MODI projection of divmodI.
-const RegMask& Matcher::modI_proj_mask() {
+// Register for the second projection of an int pair
+const RegMask& Matcher::secondI_proj_mask() {
   ShouldNotReachHere();
   return RegMask::EMPTY;
 }
 
-// Register for DIVL projection of divmodL.
-const RegMask& Matcher::divL_proj_mask() {
+// Register for the first projection of a long pair
+const RegMask& Matcher::firstL_proj_mask() {
   ShouldNotReachHere();
   return RegMask::EMPTY;
 }
 
-// Register for MODL projection of divmodL.
-const RegMask& Matcher::modL_proj_mask() {
+// Register for the second projection of a long pair
+const RegMask& Matcher::secondL_proj_mask() {
   ShouldNotReachHere();
   return RegMask::EMPTY;
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
index 2208a197ac9..c0e51bd2bfd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
@@ -1929,23 +1929,23 @@ uint Matcher::float_pressure_limit()
   return (FLOATPRESSURE == -1) ? 15 : FLOATPRESSURE;
 }
 
-// Register for DIVI projection of divmodI
-const RegMask& Matcher::divI_proj_mask() {
+// Register for the first projection of an int pair
+const RegMask& Matcher::firstI_proj_mask() {
   return _Z_RARG4_INT_REG_mask;
 }
 
-// Register for MODI projection of divmodI
-const RegMask& Matcher::modI_proj_mask() {
+// Register for the second projection of an int pair
+const RegMask& Matcher::secondI_proj_mask() {
   return _Z_RARG3_INT_REG_mask;
 }
 
-// Register for DIVL projection of divmodL
-const RegMask& Matcher::divL_proj_mask() {
+// Register for the first projection of a long pair
+const RegMask& Matcher::firstL_proj_mask() {
   return _Z_RARG4_LONG_REG_mask;
 }
 
-// Register for MODL projection of divmodL
-const RegMask& Matcher::modL_proj_mask() {
+// Register for the second projection of a long pair
+const RegMask& Matcher::secondL_proj_mask() {
   return _Z_RARG3_LONG_REG_mask;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
index df035f39f58..3f953dbe725 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
@@ -2764,23 +2764,23 @@ uint Matcher::float_pressure_limit()
   return (FLOATPRESSURE == -1) ? default_float_pressure_threshold : FLOATPRESSURE;
 }
 
-// Register for DIVI projection of divmodI
-const RegMask& Matcher::divI_proj_mask() {
+// Register for the first projection of an int pair
+const RegMask& Matcher::firstI_proj_mask() {
   return INT_RAX_REG_mask();
 }
 
-// Register for MODI projection of divmodI
-const RegMask& Matcher::modI_proj_mask() {
+// Register for the second projection of an int pair
+const RegMask& Matcher::secondI_proj_mask() {
   return INT_RDX_REG_mask();
 }
 
-// Register for DIVL projection of divmodL
-const RegMask& Matcher::divL_proj_mask() {
+// Register for the first projection of a long pair
+const RegMask& Matcher::firstL_proj_mask() {
   return LONG_RAX_REG_mask();
 }
 
-// Register for MODL projection of divmodL
-const RegMask& Matcher::modL_proj_mask() {
+// Register for the second projection of a long pair
+const RegMask& Matcher::secondL_proj_mask() {
   return LONG_RDX_REG_mask();
 }
 
@@ -11379,6 +11379,34 @@ instruct mulL_mem_imm(rRegL dst, memory src, immL32 imm, rFlagsReg cr)
   ins_pipe(ialu_reg_mem_alu0);
 %}
 
+instruct mulHiLoL_rReg(rax_RegL rax, rdx_RegL rdx, rRegL src, rFlagsReg cr)
+%{
+  match(MulHiLoL src rax);
+  match(MulHiLoL rax src);
+  effect(KILL cr);
+
+  ins_cost(300);
+  format %{ "imulq   RDX:RAX, RAX, $src\t# mulhilo" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ imulq($src$$Register);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(ialu_reg_reg_alu0);
+%}
+
+instruct umulHiLoL_rReg(rax_RegL rax, rdx_RegL rdx, rRegL src, rFlagsReg cr)
+%{
+  match(UMulHiLoL src rax);
+  match(UMulHiLoL rax src);
+  effect(KILL cr);
+
+  ins_cost(300);
+  format %{ "mulq    RDX:RAX, RAX, $src\t# umulhilo" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ mulq($src$$Register);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(ialu_reg_reg_alu0);
+%}
+
 instruct mulHiL_rReg(rdx_RegL dst, rRegL src, rax_RegL rax, rFlagsReg cr)
 %{
   match(Set dst (MulHiL src rax));
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp
index 7033dad211c..4d06e20875a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp
@@ -268,6 +268,8 @@ macro(MulD)
 macro(MulF)
 macro(MulHiL)
 macro(UMulHiL)
+macro(MulHiLoL)
+macro(UMulHiLoL)
 macro(MulI)
 macro(MulL)
 macro(Multi)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
index a273bb6053e..1f51cdc1d39 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
@@ -3276,8 +3276,8 @@ void Compile::handle_div_mod_op(Node* n, BasicType bt, bool is_unsigned) {
     // DivMod node so the dependency is not lost.
     divmod->add_prec_from(n);
     divmod->add_prec_from(d);
-    d->subsume_by(divmod->div_proj(), this);
-    n->subsume_by(divmod->mod_proj(), this);
+    d->subsume_by(divmod->first_proj(), this);
+    n->subsume_by(divmod->second_proj(), this);
   } else {
     // Replace "a % b" with "a - ((a / b) * b)"
     Node* mult = MulNode::make(d, d->in(2), bt);
@@ -3286,6 +3286,24 @@ void Compile::handle_div_mod_op(Node* n, BasicType bt, bool is_unsigned) {
   }
 }
 
+void Compile::handle_mulhi_mul_op(Node* n, bool is_unsigned) {
+  const int fused_opcode = is_unsigned ? Op_UMulHiLoL : Op_MulHiLoL;
+  if (!Matcher::has_match_rule(fused_opcode)) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  Node* mul = n->find_similar(Op_MulL, true);
+
+  if (mul == nullptr) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  MulHiLoLNode* mul_hi_lo = is_unsigned ? static_cast<MulHiLoLNode*>(UMulHiLoLNode::make(n))
+                                        : MulHiLoLNode::make(n);
+  mul->subsume_by(mul_hi_lo->first_proj(), this);
+  n->subsume_by(mul_hi_lo->second_proj(), this);
+}
+
 void Compile::final_graph_reshaping_main_switch(Node* n, Final_Reshape_Counts& frc, uint nop, Unique_Node_List& dead_nodes) {
   switch( nop ) {
   case Op_Opaque1:              // Remove Opaque Nodes before matching
@@ -3721,6 +3739,14 @@ void Compile::final_graph_reshaping_main_switch(Node* n, Final_Reshape_Counts& f
     handle_div_mod_op(n, T_LONG, true);
     break;
 
+  case Op_MulHiL:
+    handle_mulhi_mul_op(n, false);
+    break;
+
+  case Op_UMulHiL:
+    handle_mulhi_mul_op(n, true);
+    break;
+
   case Op_LoadVector:
   case Op_StoreVector:
 #ifdef ASSERT
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp
index 3c2e1c64119..ab36f59a28f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp
@@ -1257,6 +1257,7 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
   void final_graph_reshaping_main_switch(Node* n, Final_Reshape_Counts& frc, uint nop, Unique_Node_List& dead_nodes);
   void final_graph_reshaping_walk(Node_Stack& nstack, Node* root, Final_Reshape_Counts& frc, Unique_Node_List& dead_nodes);
   void handle_div_mod_op(Node* n, BasicType bt, bool is_unsigned);
+  void handle_mulhi_mul_op(Node* n, bool is_unsigned);
 
   // Logic cone optimization.
   void optimize_logic_cones(PhaseIterGVN &igvn);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp
index b398ec27b80..1687ff2cade 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp
@@ -1614,12 +1614,6 @@ const Type* ModFloatingNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
 
 //=============================================================================
 
-DivModNode::DivModNode( Node *c, Node *dividend, Node *divisor ) : MultiNode(3) {
-  init_req(0, c);
-  init_req(1, dividend);
-  init_req(2, divisor);
-}
-
 DivModNode* DivModNode::make(Node* div_or_mod, BasicType bt, bool is_unsigned) {
   assert(bt == T_INT || bt == T_LONG, "only int or long input pattern accepted");
 
@@ -1645,8 +1639,8 @@ DivModINode* DivModINode::make(Node* div_or_mod) {
          "only div or mod input pattern accepted");
 
   DivModINode* divmod = new DivModINode(n->in(0), n->in(1), n->in(2));
-  Node*        dproj  = new ProjNode(divmod, DivModNode::div_proj_num);
-  Node*        mproj  = new ProjNode(divmod, DivModNode::mod_proj_num);
+  Node*        dproj  = new ProjNode(divmod, DivModNode::first_proj_num);
+  Node*        mproj  = new ProjNode(divmod, DivModNode::second_proj_num);
   return divmod;
 }
 
@@ -1657,8 +1651,8 @@ DivModLNode* DivModLNode::make(Node* div_or_mod) {
          "only div or mod input pattern accepted");
 
   DivModLNode* divmod = new DivModLNode(n->in(0), n->in(1), n->in(2));
-  Node*        dproj  = new ProjNode(divmod, DivModNode::div_proj_num);
-  Node*        mproj  = new ProjNode(divmod, DivModNode::mod_proj_num);
+  Node*        dproj  = new ProjNode(divmod, DivModNode::first_proj_num);
+  Node*        mproj  = new ProjNode(divmod, DivModNode::second_proj_num);
   return divmod;
 }
 
@@ -1667,11 +1661,11 @@ DivModLNode* DivModLNode::make(Node* div_or_mod) {
 Node *DivModINode::match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match ) {
   uint ideal_reg = proj->ideal_reg();
   RegMask rm;
-  if (proj->_con == div_proj_num) {
-    rm.assignFrom(match->divI_proj_mask());
+  if (proj->_con == first_proj_num) {
+    rm.assignFrom(match->firstI_proj_mask());
   } else {
-    assert(proj->_con == mod_proj_num, "must be div or mod projection");
-    rm.assignFrom(match->modI_proj_mask());
+    assert(proj->_con == second_proj_num, "must be div or mod projection");
+    rm.assignFrom(match->secondI_proj_mask());
   }
   return new MachProjNode(this, proj->_con, rm, ideal_reg);
 }
@@ -1682,11 +1676,11 @@ Node *DivModINode::match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match ) {
 Node *DivModLNode::match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match ) {
   uint ideal_reg = proj->ideal_reg();
   RegMask rm;
-  if (proj->_con == div_proj_num) {
-    rm.assignFrom(match->divL_proj_mask());
+  if (proj->_con == first_proj_num) {
+    rm.assignFrom(match->firstL_proj_mask());
   } else {
-    assert(proj->_con == mod_proj_num, "must be div or mod projection");
-    rm.assignFrom(match->modL_proj_mask());
+    assert(proj->_con == second_proj_num, "must be div or mod projection");
+    rm.assignFrom(match->secondL_proj_mask());
   }
   return new MachProjNode(this, proj->_con, rm, ideal_reg);
 }
@@ -1698,8 +1692,8 @@ UDivModINode* UDivModINode::make(Node* div_or_mod) {
          "only div or mod input pattern accepted");
 
   UDivModINode* divmod = new UDivModINode(n->in(0), n->in(1), n->in(2));
-  Node*        dproj  = new ProjNode(divmod, DivModNode::div_proj_num);
-  Node*        mproj  = new ProjNode(divmod, DivModNode::mod_proj_num);
+  Node*        dproj  = new ProjNode(divmod, DivModNode::first_proj_num);
+  Node*        mproj  = new ProjNode(divmod, DivModNode::second_proj_num);
   return divmod;
 }
 
@@ -1710,8 +1704,8 @@ UDivModLNode* UDivModLNode::make(Node* div_or_mod) {
          "only div or mod input pattern accepted");
 
   UDivModLNode* divmod = new UDivModLNode(n->in(0), n->in(1), n->in(2));
-  Node*        dproj  = new ProjNode(divmod, DivModNode::div_proj_num);
-  Node*        mproj  = new ProjNode(divmod, DivModNode::mod_proj_num);
+  Node*        dproj  = new ProjNode(divmod, DivModNode::first_proj_num);
+  Node*        mproj  = new ProjNode(divmod, DivModNode::second_proj_num);
   return divmod;
 }
 
@@ -1720,11 +1714,11 @@ UDivModLNode* UDivModLNode::make(Node* div_or_mod) {
 Node* UDivModINode::match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match ) {
   uint ideal_reg = proj->ideal_reg();
   RegMask rm;
-  if (proj->_con == div_proj_num) {
-    rm.assignFrom(match->divI_proj_mask());
+  if (proj->_con == first_proj_num) {
+    rm.assignFrom(match->firstI_proj_mask());
   } else {
-    assert(proj->_con == mod_proj_num, "must be div or mod projection");
-    rm.assignFrom(match->modI_proj_mask());
+    assert(proj->_con == second_proj_num, "must be div or mod projection");
+    rm.assignFrom(match->secondI_proj_mask());
   }
   return new MachProjNode(this, proj->_con, rm, ideal_reg);
 }
@@ -1735,11 +1729,11 @@ Node* UDivModINode::match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match ) {
 Node* UDivModLNode::match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match ) {
   uint ideal_reg = proj->ideal_reg();
   RegMask rm;
-  if (proj->_con == div_proj_num) {
-    rm.assignFrom(match->divL_proj_mask());
+  if (proj->_con == first_proj_num) {
+    rm.assignFrom(match->firstL_proj_mask());
   } else {
-    assert(proj->_con == mod_proj_num, "must be div or mod projection");
-    rm.assignFrom(match->modL_proj_mask());
+    assert(proj->_con == second_proj_num, "must be div or mod projection");
+    rm.assignFrom(match->secondL_proj_mask());
   }
   return new MachProjNode(this, proj->_con, rm, ideal_reg);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp
index 2598429716f..366e3fb882d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp
@@ -239,36 +239,20 @@ class UModLNode : public DivModIntegerNode {
 
 //------------------------------DivModNode---------------------------------------
 // Division with remainder result.
-class DivModNode : public MultiNode {
+class DivModNode : public BinaryMultiNode {
 protected:
-  DivModNode( Node *c, Node *dividend, Node *divisor );
+  DivModNode(Node* ctrl, Node* dividend, Node* divisor) : BinaryMultiNode(ctrl, dividend, divisor) {}
 public:
-  enum {
-    div_proj_num =  0,      // quotient
-    mod_proj_num =  1       // remainder
-  };
   virtual int Opcode() const;
-  virtual Node* Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) { return this; }
-  virtual Node *Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) { return nullptr; }
-  virtual const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase)  const { return bottom_type(); }
-  virtual uint hash() const { return Node::hash(); }
-  virtual bool is_CFG() const  { return false; }
-  virtual uint ideal_reg() const { return NotAMachineReg; }
 
   static DivModNode* make(Node* div_or_mod, BasicType bt, bool is_unsigned);
-
-  ProjNode* div_proj() { return proj_out_or_null(div_proj_num); }
-  ProjNode* mod_proj() { return proj_out_or_null(mod_proj_num); }
-
-private:
-  virtual bool depends_only_on_test() const { return false; }
 };
 
 //------------------------------DivModINode---------------------------------------
 // Integer division with remainder result.
 class DivModINode : public DivModNode {
 public:
-  DivModINode( Node *c, Node *dividend, Node *divisor ) : DivModNode(c, dividend, divisor) {}
+  DivModINode(Node* ctrl, Node* dividend, Node* divisor) : DivModNode(ctrl, dividend, divisor) {}
   virtual int Opcode() const;
   virtual const Type *bottom_type() const { return TypeTuple::INT_PAIR; }
   virtual Node *match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m );
@@ -281,7 +265,7 @@ class DivModINode : public DivModNode {
 // Long division with remainder result.
 class DivModLNode : public DivModNode {
 public:
-  DivModLNode( Node *c, Node *dividend, Node *divisor ) : DivModNode(c, dividend, divisor) {}
+  DivModLNode(Node* ctrl, Node* dividend, Node* divisor) : DivModNode(ctrl, dividend, divisor) {}
   virtual int Opcode() const;
   virtual const Type *bottom_type() const { return TypeTuple::LONG_PAIR; }
   virtual Node *match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m );
@@ -295,7 +279,7 @@ class DivModLNode : public DivModNode {
 // Unsigend integer division with remainder result.
 class UDivModINode : public DivModNode {
 public:
-  UDivModINode( Node *c, Node *dividend, Node *divisor ) : DivModNode(c, dividend, divisor) {}
+  UDivModINode(Node* ctrl, Node* dividend, Node* divisor) : DivModNode(ctrl, dividend, divisor) {}
   virtual int Opcode() const;
   virtual const Type *bottom_type() const { return TypeTuple::INT_PAIR; }
   virtual Node *match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m );
@@ -308,7 +292,7 @@ class UDivModINode : public DivModNode {
 // Unsigned long division with remainder result.
 class UDivModLNode : public DivModNode {
 public:
-  UDivModLNode( Node *c, Node *dividend, Node *divisor ) : DivModNode(c, dividend, divisor) {}
+  UDivModLNode(Node* ctrl, Node* dividend, Node* divisor) : DivModNode(ctrl, dividend, divisor) {}
   virtual int Opcode() const;
   virtual const Type *bottom_type() const { return TypeTuple::LONG_PAIR; }
   virtual Node *match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m );
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/matcher.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/matcher.hpp
index 31f4a782247..2453a7ece4e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/matcher.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/matcher.hpp
@@ -418,15 +418,15 @@ class Matcher : public PhaseTransform {
   static OptoReg::Name  inline_cache_reg();
   static int            inline_cache_reg_encode();
 
-  // Register for DIVI projection of divmodI
-  static const RegMask& divI_proj_mask();
-  // Register for MODI projection of divmodI
-  static const RegMask& modI_proj_mask();
-
-  // Register for DIVL projection of divmodL
-  static const RegMask& divL_proj_mask();
-  // Register for MODL projection of divmodL
-  static const RegMask& modL_proj_mask();
+  // Register for the first projection of an int pair
+  static const RegMask& firstI_proj_mask();
+  // Register for the second projection of an int pair
+  static const RegMask& secondI_proj_mask();
+
+  // Register for the first projection of a long pair
+  static const RegMask& firstL_proj_mask();
+  // Register for the second projection of a long pair
+  static const RegMask& secondL_proj_mask();
 
   // Java-Interpreter calling convention
   // (what you use when calling between compiled-Java and Interpreted-Java
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.cpp
index e48acd23b87..eb24e31eee2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@
 #include "opto/addnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/connode.hpp"
 #include "opto/convertnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/machnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/matcher.hpp"
 #include "opto/memnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/mulnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/phaseX.hpp"
@@ -606,6 +608,36 @@ const Type* UMulHiLNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
   return MulHiValue(t1, t2, bot);
 }
 
+MulHiLoLNode* MulHiLoLNode::make(Node* mul_hi) {
+  assert(mul_hi->Opcode() == Op_MulHiL, "expected MulHiL");
+
+  MulHiLoLNode* mul_hi_lo = new MulHiLoLNode(mul_hi->in(0), mul_hi->in(1), mul_hi->in(2));
+  [[maybe_unused]] Node* lo_proj = new ProjNode(mul_hi_lo, MulHiLoLNode::first_proj_num);
+  [[maybe_unused]] Node* hi_proj = new ProjNode(mul_hi_lo, MulHiLoLNode::second_proj_num);
+  return mul_hi_lo;
+}
+
+UMulHiLoLNode* UMulHiLoLNode::make(Node* umul_hi) {
+  assert(umul_hi->Opcode() == Op_UMulHiL, "expected UMulHiL");
+
+  UMulHiLoLNode* umul_hi_lo = new UMulHiLoLNode(umul_hi->in(0), umul_hi->in(1), umul_hi->in(2));
+  [[maybe_unused]] Node* lo_proj = new ProjNode(umul_hi_lo, MulHiLoLNode::first_proj_num);
+  [[maybe_unused]] Node* hi_proj = new ProjNode(umul_hi_lo, MulHiLoLNode::second_proj_num);
+  return umul_hi_lo;
+}
+
+Node* MulHiLoLNode::match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* match) {
+  uint ideal_reg = proj->ideal_reg();
+  RegMask rm;
+  if (proj->_con == first_proj_num) {
+    rm.assignFrom(match->firstL_proj_mask());
+  } else {
+    assert(proj->_con == second_proj_num, "must be lo or hi projection");
+    rm.assignFrom(match->secondL_proj_mask());
+  }
+  return new MachProjNode(this, proj->_con, rm, ideal_reg);
+}
+
 // A common routine used by UMulHiLNode and MulHiLNode
 const Type* MulHiValue(const Type *t1, const Type *t2, const Type *bot) {
   // Either input is TOP ==> the result is TOP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.hpp
index 1e19e8ec5cd..f26137dfe49 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #ifndef SHARE_OPTO_MULNODE_HPP
 #define SHARE_OPTO_MULNODE_HPP
 
+#include "opto/multnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/node.hpp"
 #include "opto/opcodes.hpp"
 #include "opto/type.hpp"
@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@
 // Portions of code courtesy of Clifford Click
 
 class PhaseTransform;
+class Matcher;
 
 //------------------------------MulNode----------------------------------------
 // Classic MULTIPLY functionality.  This covers all the usual 'multiply'
@@ -205,6 +207,31 @@ class UMulHiLNode : public Node {
   friend const Type* MulHiValue(const Type *t1, const Type *t2, const Type *bot);
 };
 
+//------------------------------MulHiLoLNode-----------------------------------
+// Lower and upper 64-bit results of a signed 64x64->128 multiply.
+class MulHiLoLNode : public BinaryMultiNode {
+protected:
+  MulHiLoLNode(Node* ctrl, Node* in1, Node* in2) : BinaryMultiNode(ctrl, in1, in2) {}
+
+public:
+  virtual int Opcode() const;
+  virtual const Type* bottom_type() const { return TypeTuple::LONG_PAIR; }
+
+  virtual Node* match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* m);
+
+  static MulHiLoLNode* make(Node* mul_hi);
+};
+
+//------------------------------UMulHiLoLNode----------------------------------
+// Lower and upper 64-bit results of an unsigned 64x64->128 multiply.
+class UMulHiLoLNode : public MulHiLoLNode {
+public:
+  UMulHiLoLNode(Node* ctrl, Node* in1, Node* in2) : MulHiLoLNode(ctrl, in1, in2) {}
+  virtual int Opcode() const;
+
+  static UMulHiLoLNode* make(Node* umul_hi);
+};
+
 //------------------------------AndINode---------------------------------------
 // Logically AND 2 integers.  Included with the MUL nodes because it inherits
 // all the behavior of multiplication on a ring.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/multnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/multnode.hpp
index b63d418b742..6a69eafb7ed 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/multnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/multnode.hpp
@@ -149,6 +149,34 @@ class MultiNode : public Node {
   ProjNode* find_first(uint which_proj, bool is_io_use) const;
 };
 
+class BinaryMultiNode : public MultiNode {
+protected:
+  BinaryMultiNode(Node* ctrl, Node* in1, Node* in2) : MultiNode(3) {
+    init_req(0, ctrl);
+    init_req(1, in1);
+    init_req(2, in2);
+  }
+
+public:
+  enum {
+    first_proj_num = 0,
+    second_proj_num = 1
+  };
+
+  virtual Node* Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) { return this; }
+  virtual Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) { return nullptr; }
+  virtual const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const { return bottom_type(); }
+  virtual uint hash() const { return Node::hash(); }
+  virtual bool is_CFG() const { return false; }
+  virtual uint ideal_reg() const { return NotAMachineReg; }
+
+  ProjNode* first_proj() const { return proj_out_or_null(first_proj_num); }
+  ProjNode* second_proj() const { return proj_out_or_null(second_proj_num); }
+
+private:
+  virtual bool depends_only_on_test() const { return false; }
+};
+
 //------------------------------ProjNode---------------------------------------
 // This class defines a Projection node.  Projections project a single element
 // out of a tuple (or Signature) type.  Only MultiNodes produce TypeTuple
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp
index 997ce92fe1c..2f7cc6d1c1d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp
@@ -2882,7 +2882,7 @@ bool Node::is_iteratively_computed() {
 //--------------------------find_similar------------------------------
 // Return a node with opcode "opc" and same inputs as "this" if one can
 // be found; Otherwise return null;
-Node* Node::find_similar(int opc) {
+Node* Node::find_similar(int opc, bool is_commutative) {
   if (req() >= 2) {
     Node* def = in(1);
     if (def && def->outcnt() >= 2) {
@@ -2890,9 +2890,26 @@ Node* Node::find_similar(int opc) {
         Node* use = def->fast_out(i);
         if (use != this &&
             use->Opcode() == opc &&
-            use->req() == req() &&
-            has_same_inputs_as(use)) {
-          return use;
+            use->req() == req()) {
+          bool same = false;
+          if (!is_commutative || req() < 3) {
+            same = use->has_same_inputs_as(this);
+          } else {
+            if (use->in(0) == in(0) &&
+                ((use->in(1) == in(1) && use->in(2) == in(2)) ||
+                 (use->in(1) == in(2) && use->in(2) == in(1)))) {
+              same = true;
+              for (uint j = 3; j < req(); j++) {
+                if (use->in(j) != in(j)) {
+                  same = false;
+                  break;
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+          if (same) {
+            return use;
+          }
         }
       }
     }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp
index 1ef4b5a51b6..443f4bfbe8a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp
@@ -1315,7 +1315,7 @@ class Node {
 
   // Return a node with opcode "opc" and same inputs as "this" if one can
   // be found; Otherwise return null;
-  Node* find_similar(int opc);
+  Node* find_similar(int opc, bool is_commutative = false);
   bool has_same_inputs_as(const Node* other) const;
 
   // Return the unique control out if only one. Null if none or more than one.
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestMultiplyHighLowFusion.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestMultiplyHighLowFusion.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..31dd52bd3f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestMultiplyHighLowFusion.java
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8379327
+ * @summary Verify correctness for combined low/high 64-bit multiplication patterns.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.c2;
+
+import compiler.lib.generators.Generator;
+import compiler.lib.generators.Generators;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+
+public class TestMultiplyHighLowFusion {
+  private static final BigInteger MASK_64 = BigInteger.ONE.shiftLeft(64).subtract(BigInteger.ONE);
+  private static final Generator<Long> LONG_GEN = Generators.G.longs();
+
+  public static void main(String[] args) {
+    TestFramework.run();
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  @IR(applyIfPlatform = {"x64", "true"}, phase = CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL, counts = {"\\bMulHiLoL\\b", "1"})
+  public static long doMath(long a, long b) {
+    long low = a * b;
+    long high = Math.multiplyHigh(a, b);
+    return low + high;
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  @IR(applyIfPlatform = {"x64", "true"}, phase = CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL, counts = {"\\bMulHiLoL\\b", "1"})
+  public static long doMathSwapped(long a, long b) {
+    long low = b * a;
+    long high = Math.multiplyHigh(b, a);
+    return low + high;
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  @IR(applyIfPlatform = {"x64", "true"}, phase = CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL, counts = {"\\bUMulHiLoL\\b", "1"})
+  public static long doUnsignedMath(long a, long b) {
+    long low = a * b;
+    long high = Math.unsignedMultiplyHigh(a, b);
+    return low + high;
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  @IR(applyIfPlatform = {"x64", "true"}, phase = CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL, counts = {"\\bUMulHiLoL\\b", "1"})
+  public static long doUnsignedMathSwapped(long a, long b) {
+    long low = b * a;
+    long high = Math.unsignedMultiplyHigh(b, a);
+    return low + high;
+  }
+
+  @Run(test = {"doMath", "doMathSwapped", "doUnsignedMath", "doUnsignedMathSwapped"})
+  public void runTests() {
+    verifyPair(LONG_GEN.next(), LONG_GEN.next());
+  }
+
+  private void verifyPair(long a, long b) {
+    long expectedSigned = expectedSigned(a, b);
+    long expectedUnsigned = expectedUnsigned(a, b);
+
+    if (doMath(a, b) != expectedSigned) {
+      throw new RuntimeException("Signed mismatch for a=" + a + ", b=" + b);
+    }
+    if (doMathSwapped(a, b) != expectedSigned) {
+      throw new RuntimeException("Signed swapped mismatch for a=" + a + ", b=" + b);
+    }
+    if (doUnsignedMath(a, b) != expectedUnsigned) {
+      throw new RuntimeException("Unsigned mismatch for a=" + a + ", b=" + b);
+    }
+    if (doUnsignedMathSwapped(a, b) != expectedUnsigned) {
+      throw new RuntimeException("Unsigned swapped mismatch for a=" + a + ", b=" + b);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static long expectedSigned(long a, long b) {
+    BigInteger product = BigInteger.valueOf(a).multiply(BigInteger.valueOf(b));
+    long low = product.longValue();
+    long high = product.shiftRight(64).longValue();
+    return low + high;
+  }
+
+  private static long expectedUnsigned(long a, long b) {
+    BigInteger ua = BigInteger.valueOf(a).and(MASK_64);
+    BigInteger ub = BigInteger.valueOf(b).and(MASK_64);
+    BigInteger product = ua.multiply(ub);
+    long low = product.longValue();
+    long high = product.shiftRight(64).longValue();
+    return low + high;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/Operations.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/Operations.java
index becda83a029..3dffa096525 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/Operations.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/Operations.java
@@ -264,6 +264,10 @@ private static List<Expression> generatePrimitiveOperations() {
         ops.add(Expression.make(BOOLEANS, "Boolean.logicalOr(",  BOOLEANS, ", ", BOOLEANS, ")"));
         ops.add(Expression.make(BOOLEANS, "Boolean.logicalXor(", BOOLEANS, ", ", BOOLEANS, ")"));
 
+        // ------------ Math -------------
+        ops.add(Expression.make(LONGS, "Math.multiplyHigh(", LONGS, ", ", LONGS, ")"));
+        ops.add(Expression.make(LONGS, "Math.unsignedMultiplyHigh(", LONGS, ", ", LONGS, ")"));
+
         // TODO: Math and other classes.
         // Note: Math.copySign is non-deterministic because of NaN having encoding with sign bit set and unset.
 
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/vm/compiler/MultiplyHighLowFusion.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/vm/compiler/MultiplyHighLowFusion.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c4f4e522409
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/vm/compiler/MultiplyHighLowFusion.java
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.vm.compiler;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Param;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/**
+ * Benchmarks patterns that may fuse low/high 64-bit multiply operations.
+ */
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+@Warmup(iterations = 4, time = 2, timeUnit = TimeUnit.SECONDS)
+@Measurement(iterations = 4, time = 2, timeUnit = TimeUnit.SECONDS)
+@Fork(value = 3)
+public class MultiplyHighLowFusion {
+
+    @Param("1024")
+    private int arraySize;
+
+    private long[] lhs;
+    private long[] rhs;
+
+    @Setup
+    public void setup() {
+        Random random = new Random(0x5EED);
+        lhs = new long[arraySize];
+        rhs = new long[arraySize];
+        for (int i = 0; i < arraySize; i++) {
+            lhs[i] = random.nextLong();
+            rhs[i] = random.nextLong();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public long signedLowOnly() {
+        long sum = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arraySize; i++) {
+            sum += lhs[i] * rhs[i];
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public long signedHighOnly() {
+        long sum = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arraySize; i++) {
+            sum += Math.multiplyHigh(lhs[i], rhs[i]);
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public long signedLowPlusHigh() {
+        long sum = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arraySize; i++) {
+            long a = lhs[i];
+            long b = rhs[i];
+            sum += (a * b) + Math.multiplyHigh(a, b);
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public long unsignedHighOnly() {
+        long sum = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arraySize; i++) {
+            sum += Math.unsignedMultiplyHigh(lhs[i], rhs[i]);
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public long unsignedLowPlusHigh() {
+        long sum = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arraySize; i++) {
+            long a = lhs[i];
+            long b = rhs[i];
+            sum += (a * b) + Math.unsignedMultiplyHigh(a, b);
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+}

From 08435e4861a348fade00673a91e61b83bacccbbf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Serguei Spitsyn <sspitsyn@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 2026 05:05:22 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 110/707] 8379144:
 serviceability/jvmti/vthread/VThreadTest/VThreadTest.java timed out with
 --enable-preview

Reviewed-by: lmesnik
---
 .../vthread/VThreadTest/VThreadTest.java      | 24 +++++++++----------
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/vthread/VThreadTest/VThreadTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/vthread/VThreadTest/VThreadTest.java
index 7330f4c061d..115326567d3 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/vthread/VThreadTest/VThreadTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/vthread/VThreadTest/VThreadTest.java
@@ -33,13 +33,13 @@
 import java.util.concurrent.*;
 
 public class VThreadTest {
-    private static final String agentLib = "VThreadTest";
-
     static final int MSG_COUNT = 10*1000;
     static final SynchronousQueue<String> QUEUE = new SynchronousQueue<>();
 
     static native boolean check();
 
+    static void log(String msg) { System.out.println(msg); }
+
     static void producer(String msg) throws InterruptedException {
         int ii = 1;
         long ll = 2*(long)ii;
@@ -54,7 +54,11 @@ static void producer(String msg) throws InterruptedException {
             for (int i = 0; i < MSG_COUNT; i++) {
                 producer("msg: ");
             }
-        } catch (InterruptedException e) { }
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            t.printStackTrace(System.out);
+            log("VThreadTest failed: PRODUCER caught a throwable: " + t);
+            System.exit(1);
+        }
     };
 
     static final Runnable CONSUMER = () -> {
@@ -62,7 +66,11 @@ static void producer(String msg) throws InterruptedException {
             for (int i = 0; i < MSG_COUNT; i++) {
                 String s = QUEUE.take();
             }
-        } catch (InterruptedException e) { }
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            t.printStackTrace(System.out);
+            log("VThreadTest failed: CONSUMER caught a throwable: " + t);
+            System.exit(1);
+        }
     };
 
     public static void test1() throws Exception {
@@ -80,14 +88,6 @@ void runTest() throws Exception {
     }
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        try {
-            System.loadLibrary(agentLib);
-        } catch (UnsatisfiedLinkError ex) {
-            System.err.println("Failed to load " + agentLib + " lib");
-            System.err.println("java.library.path: " + System.getProperty("java.library.path"));
-            throw ex;
-        }
-
         VThreadTest obj = new VThreadTest();
         obj.runTest();
     }

From ce87f11a1d2295fceb04c4b94b9a175d7807973a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ashay Rane <arane@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 2026 05:23:33 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 111/707] 8386685: CDS load on Windows/ARM64 using base address
 set to 0x5_0000_0000 causes a JVM crash

Reviewed-by: iklam, stuefe
---
 src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp | 29 ++++++++++++++------------
 src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.hpp |  3 +++
 src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp    |  7 +++++++
 src/hotspot/share/cds/cds_globals.hpp  |  6 ++++--
 4 files changed, 30 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
index fac320c3ed7..fbd12038c94 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ size_t AOTMetaspace::protection_zone_size() {
   return os::cds_core_region_alignment();
 }
 
-static bool shared_base_valid(char* shared_base) {
+bool AOTMetaspace::shared_base_valid(char* shared_base) {
   // We check user input for SharedBaseAddress at dump time.
 
   // At CDS runtime, "shared_base" will be the (attempted) mapping start. It will also
@@ -172,10 +172,15 @@ static bool shared_base_valid(char* shared_base) {
   // the prototype mark words) carry pre-computed narrow Klass IDs that refer to the mapping
   // start as base.
   //
-  // On AARCH64, The "shared_base" may not be later usable as encoding base, depending on the
+  // The "shared_base" may not be later usable as encoding base, depending on the
   // total size of the reserved area and the precomputed_narrow_klass_shift. This is checked
   // before reserving memory.  Here we weed out values already known to be invalid later.
-  return AARCH64_ONLY(is_aligned(shared_base, 4 * G)) NOT_AARCH64(true);
+  // Since we cannot predict the range, we use the full maximum encoding range
+  // (4G).
+  constexpr size_t range = 4 * G;
+  address addr = (address)shared_base;
+  const int shift = ArchiveBuilder::precomputed_narrow_klass_shift();
+  return CompressedKlassPointers::check_klass_decode_mode(addr, shift, range);
 }
 
 class DumpClassListCLDClosure : public CLDClosure {
@@ -273,7 +278,7 @@ static char* compute_shared_base(size_t cds_max) {
     err = "too high";
   } else if (shared_base_too_high(specified_base, aligned_base, cds_max)) {
     err = "too high";
-  } else if (!shared_base_valid(aligned_base)) {
+  } else if (!AOTMetaspace::shared_base_valid(aligned_base)) {
     err = "invalid for this platform";
   } else {
     return aligned_base;
@@ -291,7 +296,7 @@ static char* compute_shared_base(size_t cds_max) {
 
   // Make sure the default value of SharedBaseAddress specified in globals.hpp is sane.
   assert(!shared_base_too_high(specified_base, aligned_base, cds_max), "Sanity");
-  assert(shared_base_valid(aligned_base), "Sanity");
+  assert(AOTMetaspace::shared_base_valid(aligned_base), "Sanity");
   return aligned_base;
 }
 
@@ -1971,14 +1976,12 @@ char* AOTMetaspace::reserve_address_space_for_archives(FileMapInfo* static_mapin
   const size_t total_range_size =
       archive_space_size + gap_size + class_space_size;
 
-  // Test that class space base address plus shift can be decoded by aarch64, when restored.
-  const int precomputed_narrow_klass_shift = ArchiveBuilder::precomputed_narrow_klass_shift();
-  if (!CompressedKlassPointers::check_klass_decode_mode(base_address, precomputed_narrow_klass_shift,
-                                                        total_range_size)) {
-    aot_log_info(aot)("CDS initialization: Cannot use SharedBaseAddress " PTR_FORMAT " with precomputed shift %d.",
-                  p2i(base_address), precomputed_narrow_klass_shift);
-    use_archive_base_addr = false;
-  }
+  // The code for dumping the archive ensures that the base address is valid.
+  // Here we validate that the base address plus shift can be decoded when
+  // restored.
+  assert(shared_base_valid((char*)base_address),
+      "Cannot use SharedBaseAddress " PTR_FORMAT " with precomputed shift %d.",
+      p2i(base_address), ArchiveBuilder::precomputed_narrow_klass_shift());
 
   assert(total_range_size > ccs_begin_offset, "must be");
   if (use_windows_memory_mapping() && use_archive_base_addr) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.hpp
index 975b6be76d7..cc90c9da3b0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.hpp
@@ -188,6 +188,9 @@ class AOTMetaspace : AllStatic {
   static bool use_optimized_module_handling() { return NOT_CDS(false) CDS_ONLY(_use_optimized_module_handling); }
   static void disable_optimized_module_handling() { _use_optimized_module_handling = false; }
 
+  // Check if the supplied shared base address can be used as the encoding base.
+  static bool shared_base_valid(char* shared_base);
+
 private:
   static void read_extra_data(JavaThread* current, const char* filename) NOT_CDS_RETURN;
   static void fork_and_dump_final_static_archive(TRAPS);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp
index 2dd1d9d0824..63d1f4af4ae 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
 #include "runtime/vmThread.hpp"
 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
 #include "utilities/formatBuffer.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 
 bool CDSConfig::_is_dumping_static_archive = false;
 bool CDSConfig::_is_dumping_preimage_static_archive = false;
@@ -123,6 +124,12 @@ void CDSConfig::ergo_initialize() {
     // etc), there is usually no need to attach to this JVM.
     FLAG_SET_ERGO(DisableAttachMechanism, true);
   }
+
+  if (!AOTMetaspace::shared_base_valid((char*)SharedBaseAddress)) {
+     log_warning(cds)("SharedBaseAddress " PTR_FORMAT " is invalid. Reverting to " PTR_FORMAT,
+                 p2i((void*)SharedBaseAddress), p2i((void*)DEFAULT_SHARED_BASE_ADDRESS));
+     FLAG_SET_ERGO(SharedBaseAddress, DEFAULT_SHARED_BASE_ADDRESS);
+  }
 }
 
 const char* CDSConfig::default_archive_path() {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cds_globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cds_globals.hpp
index 7df498ca5b9..640cde848b8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cds_globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cds_globals.hpp
@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@
 
 #include "runtime/globals_shared.hpp"
 
+#define DEFAULT_SHARED_BASE_ADDRESS (LP64_ONLY(32*G) \
+                                    NOT_LP64(LINUX_ONLY(2*G) NOT_LINUX(0)))
+
 //
 // Defines all globals flags used by CDS.
 //
@@ -51,8 +54,7 @@
   product(bool, PrintSharedArchiveAndExit, false,                           \
           "Print shared archive file contents")                             \
                                                                             \
-  product(size_t, SharedBaseAddress, LP64_ONLY(32*G)                        \
-          NOT_LP64(LINUX_ONLY(2*G) NOT_LINUX(0)),                           \
+  product(size_t, SharedBaseAddress, DEFAULT_SHARED_BASE_ADDRESS,           \
           "Address to allocate shared memory region for class data")        \
           range(0, SIZE_MAX)                                                \
                                                                             \

From c0df91c40aa15937e85825d5636c11cc9b4a52e8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Benjamin Peterson <bpeterson@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 2026 07:39:57 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 112/707] 8387262: Enum constant frame::pc_return_offset is
 always zero

Reviewed-by: dholmes, coleenp
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.hpp                 | 3 +--
 src/hotspot/cpu/arm/frame_arm.hpp                         | 3 +--
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.hpp                         | 4 +---
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/frame_riscv.hpp                     | 4 +---
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.hpp                       | 8 --------
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.hpp                         | 3 +--
 src/hotspot/cpu/zero/frame_zero.hpp                       | 3 +--
 src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp                   | 3 ---
 src/hotspot/share/code/nmethod.cpp                        | 3 ---
 src/hotspot/share/code/oopRecorder.cpp                    | 5 +----
 src/hotspot/share/code/relocInfo.cpp                      | 5 +----
 src/hotspot/share/compiler/disassembler.cpp               | 5 +----
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp              | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.cpp                       | 4 ++--
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp               | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmStructs.cpp                   | 2 --
 .../share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/Frame.java      | 8 --------
 17 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 54 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.hpp
index 231710df7d7..ac4740645b8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2014, Red Hat Inc. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -66,7 +66,6 @@
 
  public:
   enum {
-    pc_return_offset                                 =  0,
     // All frames
     link_offset                                      =  0,
     return_addr_offset                               =  1,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/frame_arm.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/frame_arm.hpp
index 026bd993981..2ef44414e1c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/frame_arm.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/frame_arm.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 
  public:
   enum {
-    pc_return_offset                                 =  0,
     // All frames
     link_offset                                      =  0,
     return_addr_offset                               =  1,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.hpp
index 14743c7d75a..bf49bbb7e01 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -391,8 +391,6 @@
   }
 
   enum {
-    // normal return address is 1 bundle past PC
-    pc_return_offset                       = 0,
     // size, in words, of frame metadata (e.g. pc and link)
     metadata_words                         = sizeof(java_abi) >> LogBytesPerWord,
     // size, in words, of metadata at frame bottom, i.e. it is not part of the
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/frame_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/frame_riscv.hpp
index ce5a8dde230..d5f04ee3ff7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/frame_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/frame_riscv.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2020, 2022, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -103,8 +103,6 @@
 
  public:
   enum {
-    pc_return_offset                                 =  0,
-
     // All frames
     link_offset                                      = -2,
     return_addr_offset                               = -1,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.hpp
index bcdeec43e1a..664a49fdd21 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.hpp
@@ -542,14 +542,6 @@
                          unsigned long flags, int max_frames = 0);
 
   enum {
-    // This enum value specifies the offset from the pc remembered by
-    // call instructions to the location where control returns to
-    // after a normal return. Most architectures remember the return
-    // location directly, i.e. the offset is zero. This is the case
-    // for z/Architecture, too.
-    //
-    // Normal return address is the instruction following the branch.
-    pc_return_offset         = 0,
     metadata_words           = 0,
     metadata_words_at_bottom = 0,
     metadata_words_at_top    = 0,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.hpp
index 546c40fffe4..d97e6b847b4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -54,7 +54,6 @@
 
  public:
   enum {
-    pc_return_offset                                 =  0,
     // All frames
     link_offset                                      =  0,
     return_addr_offset                               =  1,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/frame_zero.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/frame_zero.hpp
index 19096615594..45d1cb82e82 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/frame_zero.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/frame_zero.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Red Hat, Inc.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@
 
  public:
   enum {
-    pc_return_offset = 0,
     metadata_words   = 0,
     // size, in words, of metadata at frame bottom, i.e. it is not part of the
     // caller/callee overlap
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp
index 7e1391ed0f0..b70f89b2645 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp
@@ -2424,9 +2424,6 @@ int AOTCodeAddressTable::id_for_address(address addr, RelocIterator reloc, CodeB
     id = search_address(addr, _stubs_addr, _stubs_max);
     if (id == BAD_ADDRESS_ID) {
       StubCodeDesc* desc = StubCodeDesc::desc_for(addr);
-      if (desc == nullptr) {
-        desc = StubCodeDesc::desc_for(addr + frame::pc_return_offset);
-      }
       const char* sub_name = (desc != nullptr) ? desc->name() : "<unknown>";
       assert(false, "Address " INTPTR_FORMAT " for Stub:%s is missing in AOT Code Cache addresses table", p2i(addr), sub_name);
     } else {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/nmethod.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/nmethod.cpp
index 27f01797d39..5d7df498102 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/nmethod.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/nmethod.cpp
@@ -3783,9 +3783,6 @@ const char* nmethod::reloc_string_for(u_char* begin, u_char* end) {
           address dest = r->destination();
           if (StubRoutines::contains(dest)) {
             StubCodeDesc* desc = StubCodeDesc::desc_for(dest);
-            if (desc == nullptr) {
-              desc = StubCodeDesc::desc_for(dest + frame::pc_return_offset);
-            }
             if (desc != nullptr) {
               st.print(" Stub::%s", desc->name());
               return st.as_string();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/oopRecorder.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/oopRecorder.cpp
index c37651892cc..93c74be27b9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/oopRecorder.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/oopRecorder.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -302,9 +302,6 @@ void ExternalsRecorder::print_statistics() {
         if (addr != nullptr) {
           if (StubRoutines::contains(addr)) {
             StubCodeDesc* desc = StubCodeDesc::desc_for(addr);
-            if (desc == nullptr) {
-              desc = StubCodeDesc::desc_for(addr + frame::pc_return_offset);
-            }
             const char* stub_name = (desc != nullptr) ? desc->name() : "<unknown>";
             tty->print(" stub: %s", stub_name);
           } else {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/relocInfo.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/relocInfo.cpp
index 73e4b6de7b4..5295dc0f287 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/relocInfo.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/relocInfo.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -922,9 +922,6 @@ void RelocIterator::print_current_on(outputStream* st) {
       st->print(" | [destination=" INTPTR_FORMAT "]", p2i(dest));
       if (StubRoutines::contains(dest)) {
         StubCodeDesc* desc = StubCodeDesc::desc_for(dest);
-        if (desc == nullptr) {
-          desc = StubCodeDesc::desc_for(dest + frame::pc_return_offset);
-        }
         if (desc != nullptr) {
           st->print(" Stub::%s", desc->name());
         }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/disassembler.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/disassembler.cpp
index 2c1ef235e07..9dc8956d98d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/disassembler.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/disassembler.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -591,9 +591,6 @@ void decode_env::print_address(address adr) {
   if (Universe::is_fully_initialized()) {
     if (StubRoutines::contains(adr)) {
       StubCodeDesc* desc = StubCodeDesc::desc_for(adr);
-      if (desc == nullptr) {
-        desc = StubCodeDesc::desc_for(adr + frame::pc_return_offset);
-      }
       if (desc != nullptr) {
         st->print("Stub::%s", desc->name());
         if (desc->begin() != adr) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp
index d5dccc820f3..e9143a3c4e3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp
@@ -673,7 +673,7 @@ Deoptimization::UnrollBlock* Deoptimization::fetch_unroll_info_helper(JavaThread
     // as interpreted so the skeleton frame will be walkable
     // The correct pc will be set when the skeleton frame is completely filled out
     // The final pc we store in the loop is wrong and will be overwritten below
-    frame_pcs[number_of_frames - 1 - index ] = Interpreter::deopt_entry(vtos, 0) - frame::pc_return_offset;
+    frame_pcs[number_of_frames - 1 - index ] = Interpreter::deopt_entry(vtos, 0);
 
     callee_parameters = array->element(index)->method()->size_of_parameters();
     callee_locals = array->element(index)->method()->max_locals();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.cpp
index d99d36571ad..ae04d398043 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.cpp
@@ -206,9 +206,9 @@ address frame::raw_pc() const {
   if (is_deoptimized_frame()) {
     nmethod* nm = cb()->as_nmethod_or_null();
     assert(nm != nullptr, "only nmethod is expected here");
-    return nm->deopt_handler_entry() - pc_return_offset;
+    return nm->deopt_handler_entry();
   } else {
-    return (pc() - pc_return_offset);
+    return pc();
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
index b799063d58e..5489735da39 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
@@ -1810,7 +1810,7 @@ JRT_LEAF(void, SharedRuntime::fixup_callers_callsite(Method* method, address cal
   nmethod* caller = cb->as_nmethod();
 
   // Get the return PC for the passed caller PC.
-  address return_pc = caller_pc + frame::pc_return_offset;
+  address return_pc = caller_pc;
 
   if (!caller->is_in_use() || !NativeCall::is_call_before(return_pc)) {
     return;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmStructs.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmStructs.cpp
index 856ff947dc4..3868510691a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmStructs.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmStructs.cpp
@@ -1709,8 +1709,6 @@
   /**********************/                                                \
   NOT_ZERO(PPC64_ONLY(declare_constant(frame::entry_frame_locals_size)))  \
                                                                           \
-  declare_constant(frame::pc_return_offset)                               \
-                                                                          \
   /*************/                                                         \
   /* vmSymbols */                                                         \
   /*************/                                                         \
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/Frame.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/Frame.java
index 978fb39ad1c..0258fea6808 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/Frame.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/Frame.java
@@ -75,12 +75,6 @@ public void update(Observable o, Object data) {
   /** Size of ConstMethod for computing BCI from BCP (FIXME: hack) */
   private static long    ConstMethodSize;
 
-  private static int pcReturnOffset;
-
-  public static int pcReturnOffset() {
-    return pcReturnOffset;
-  }
-
   protected void adjustForDeopt() {
     if (pc != null) {
       // Look for a deopt pc and if it is deopted convert to original pc
@@ -104,8 +98,6 @@ private static synchronized void initialize(TypeDataBase db) {
     // FIXME: not sure whether alignment here is correct or how to
     // force it (round up to address size?)
     ConstMethodSize = ConstMethodType.getSize();
-
-    pcReturnOffset = db.lookupIntConstant("frame::pc_return_offset").intValue();
   }
 
   protected int bcpToBci(Address bcp, ConstMethod cm) {

From e5c0e0f4db80e689feb110d1b1d577adbd232a4d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 2026 09:01:13 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 113/707] 8387391: hotspot_gc_shenandoah should include gtests

Reviewed-by: xpeng, kdnilsen, wkemper
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups                |  3 +-
 .../hotspot/jtreg/gtest/ShenandoahGtests.java | 31 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 33 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/gtest/ShenandoahGtests.java

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
index e09235f6a39..f400aa22f0b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
@@ -314,7 +314,8 @@ tier1_gc_shenandoah = \
   gc/shenandoah/compiler/ \
   gc/shenandoah/mxbeans/ \
   gc/shenandoah/TestSmallHeap.java \
-  gc/shenandoah/oom/
+  gc/shenandoah/oom/ \
+  gtest/ShenandoahGtests.java
 
 tier2_gc_shenandoah = \
   runtime/MemberName/MemberNameLeak.java \
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gtest/ShenandoahGtests.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gtest/ShenandoahGtests.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1e8c404fc12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gtest/ShenandoahGtests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/* @test
+ * @summary Run Shenandoah gtests
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.gc.Shenandoah
+ * @requires vm.debug
+ * @run main/native GTestWrapper --gtest_filter=Shenandoah*
+ */

From 6432f5bec4014f9222d141a0af7043170e2f80ed Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 2026 09:01:38 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 114/707] 8387393: Problemlist
 compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestBCEscapeAnalyzerOverflow.java on Windows AArch64

Reviewed-by: ayang
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt | 2 ++
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
index 8d9de094323..4ac2843190c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ compiler/c2/aarch64/TestStaticCallStub.java 8359963 generic-aarch64
 
 compiler/unsafe/AlignmentGapAccess.java 8373487 generic-all
 
+compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestBCEscapeAnalyzerOverflow.java 8387392 windows-aarch64
+
 #############################################################################
 
 # :hotspot_gc

From 9333d300aa02831ab78178449f04a4703a0b2082 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 2026 09:34:15 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 115/707] 8382213: Shenandoah: Drop weak root processing flags
 earlier

Reviewed-by: kdnilsen, wkemper
---
 .../shenandoah/shenandoahClosures.inline.hpp  |  2 +-
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahCodeRoots.cpp     |  2 +-
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp  | 74 ++++++++-----------
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.hpp  | 10 +--
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp    | 32 +++-----
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.hpp    |  4 +-
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahNMethod.cpp |  2 +-
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGC.cpp   |  2 +-
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPhaseTimings.hpp  |  4 +-
 .../shenandoah/shenandoahStackWatermark.cpp   | 16 ++--
 10 files changed, 59 insertions(+), 89 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahClosures.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahClosures.inline.hpp
index 0f2a5b48d84..f57a9b20957 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahClosures.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahClosures.inline.hpp
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ void ShenandoahEvacuateUpdateRootClosureBase<CONCURRENT, STABLE_THREAD>::do_oop(
 template <bool CONCURRENT, bool STABLE_THREAD>
 template <class T>
 void ShenandoahEvacuateUpdateRootClosureBase<CONCURRENT, STABLE_THREAD>::do_oop_work(T* p) {
-  assert(_heap->is_concurrent_weak_root_in_progress() ||
+  assert((_heap->is_concurrent_weak_root_in_progress() && _heap->is_evacuation_in_progress()) ||
          _heap->is_concurrent_strong_root_in_progress(),
          "Only do this in root processing phase");
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahCodeRoots.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahCodeRoots.cpp
index 3116ec30665..d1c25eb49b4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahCodeRoots.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahCodeRoots.cpp
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ class ShenandoahNMethodUnlinkClosure : public NMethodClosure {
       return;
     }
 
-    {
+    if (_heap->is_evacuation_in_progress()) {
       ShenandoahNMethodLocker locker(nm_data->lock());
 
       // Heal oops
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp
index eddeca57fd1..28f04de2f86 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ bool ShenandoahConcurrentGC::collect(GCCause::Cause cause) {
 
   assert(heap->is_concurrent_weak_root_in_progress(), "Must be doing weak roots now");
 
-  // Concurrent stack processing
+  // Finish all thread/stack roots if needed. This completes stack watermark processing.
   if (heap->is_evacuation_in_progress()) {
     entry_thread_roots();
   }
@@ -211,6 +211,9 @@ bool ShenandoahConcurrentGC::collect(GCCause::Cause cause) {
     entry_strong_roots();
   }
 
+  // Roots processing is complete, put the weak roots flag down.
+  entry_final_roots();
+
   // Continue the cycle with evacuation and optional update-refs.
   // This may be skipped if there is nothing to evacuate.
   // If so, evac_in_progress would be unset by collection set preparation code.
@@ -249,9 +252,18 @@ bool ShenandoahConcurrentGC::collect(GCCause::Cause cause) {
     entry_cleanup_complete();
   } else {
     _abbreviated = true;
-    if (!entry_final_roots()) {
-      assert(_degen_point != _degenerated_unset, "Need to know where to start degenerated cycle");
-      return false;
+
+    if (heap->mode()->is_generational()) {
+      entry_complete_abbreviated_cycle();
+
+      // If the promote-in-place operation was cancelled, we can have the degenerated
+      // cycle complete the operation. It will see that no evacuations are in progress,
+      // and that there are regions wanting promotion. The risk with not handling the
+      // cancellation would be failing to restore top for these regions and leaving
+      // them unable to serve allocations for the old generation.
+      if (check_cancellation_and_abort(ShenandoahDegenPoint::_degenerated_evac)) {
+        return false;
+      }
     }
 
     // In normal cycle, final-update-refs would verify at the end of the cycle.
@@ -275,34 +287,34 @@ bool ShenandoahConcurrentGC::collect(GCCause::Cause cause) {
   return true;
 }
 
-bool ShenandoahConcurrentGC::complete_abbreviated_cycle() {
+void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_complete_abbreviated_cycle() {
   shenandoah_assert_generational();
 
   ShenandoahGenerationalHeap* const heap = ShenandoahGenerationalHeap::heap();
 
+  TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
+  static const char* msg = "Concurrent complete abbreviated cycle";
+  ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::complete_abbreviated);
+  EventMark em("%s", msg);
+
+  ShenandoahWorkerScope scope(heap->workers(),
+                              ShenandoahWorkerPolicy::calc_workers_for_conc_evac(),
+                              msg);
+
   // We chose not to evacuate because we found sufficient immediate garbage.
   // However, there may still be regions to promote in place, so do that now.
   if (heap->old_generation()->has_in_place_promotions()) {
-    entry_promote_in_place();
-
-    // If the promote-in-place operation was cancelled, we can have the degenerated
-    // cycle complete the operation. It will see that no evacuations are in progress,
-    // and that there are regions wanting promotion. The risk with not handling the
-    // cancellation would be failing to restore top for these regions and leaving
-    // them unable to serve allocations for the old generation.This will leave the weak
-    // roots flag set (the degenerated cycle will unset it).
-    if (check_cancellation_and_abort(ShenandoahDegenPoint::_degenerated_evac)) {
-      return false;
-    }
+    ShenandoahTimingsTracker timing(ShenandoahPhaseTimings::complete_abbreviated_promote_in_place);
+    ShenandoahGCWorkerPhase worker_phase(ShenandoahPhaseTimings::complete_abbreviated_promote_in_place);
+    heap->promote_regions_in_place(_generation, true);
   }
 
   // At this point, the cycle is effectively complete. If the cycle has been cancelled here,
   // the control thread will detect it on its next iteration and run a degenerated young cycle.
-  if (!_generation->is_old()) {
+  if (!heap->cancelled_gc() && !_generation->is_old()) {
+    ShenandoahTimingsTracker tracker(ShenandoahPhaseTimings::complete_abbreviated_update_region_ages);
     heap->update_region_ages(_generation->complete_marking_context());
   }
-
-  return true;
 }
 
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::vmop_entry_init_mark() {
@@ -582,16 +594,6 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_evacuate() {
   op_evacuate();
 }
 
-void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_promote_in_place() const {
-  shenandoah_assert_generational();
-
-  ShenandoahTimingsTracker timing(ShenandoahPhaseTimings::promote_in_place);
-  ShenandoahGCWorkerPhase worker_phase(ShenandoahPhaseTimings::promote_in_place);
-  EventMark em("%s", "Promote in place");
-
-  ShenandoahGenerationalHeap::heap()->promote_regions_in_place(_generation, true);
-}
-
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_update_thread_roots() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
@@ -1227,26 +1229,14 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::op_final_update_refs() {
   }
 }
 
-bool ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_final_roots() {
+void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_final_roots() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
-
-
   const char* msg = conc_final_roots_event_message();
   ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_final_roots);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
-  ShenandoahWorkerScope scope(heap->workers(),
-                              ShenandoahWorkerPolicy::calc_workers_for_conc_evac(),
-                              msg);
-
-  if (heap->mode()->is_generational()) {
-    if (!complete_abbreviated_cycle()) {
-      return false;
-    }
-  }
 
   heap->concurrent_final_roots();
-  return true;
 }
 
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::op_verify_final() {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.hpp
index fde585b4aa9..e763d1853e3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.hpp
@@ -91,6 +91,8 @@ class ShenandoahConcurrentGC : public ShenandoahGC {
   void entry_class_unloading();
   void entry_strong_roots();
   void entry_cleanup_early();
+  void entry_complete_abbreviated_cycle();
+  void entry_final_roots();
   void entry_evacuate();
   void entry_update_thread_roots();
   void entry_update_card_table();
@@ -98,12 +100,6 @@ class ShenandoahConcurrentGC : public ShenandoahGC {
   void entry_update_refs();
   void entry_cleanup_complete();
 
-  // This is the last phase of a cycle which performs no evacuations
-  bool entry_final_roots();
-
-  // Called when the collection set is empty, but the generational mode has regions to promote in place
-  void entry_promote_in_place() const;
-
   // Actual work for the phases
   void op_reset();
   void op_init_mark();
@@ -135,8 +131,6 @@ class ShenandoahConcurrentGC : public ShenandoahGC {
 private:
   void start_mark();
 
-  bool complete_abbreviated_cycle();
-
   static bool has_in_place_promotions(ShenandoahHeap* heap);
 
   // Messages for GC trace events, they have to be immortal for
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp
index e60db88974a..ae0c873fa58 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp
@@ -1236,7 +1236,6 @@ void ShenandoahHeap::concurrent_prepare_for_update_refs() {
 
     // A cancellation at this point means the degenerated cycle must resume from update-refs.
     set_gc_state_concurrent(EVACUATION, false);
-    set_gc_state_concurrent(WEAK_ROOTS, false);
     set_gc_state_concurrent(UPDATE_REFS, true);
   }
 
@@ -1252,35 +1251,24 @@ void ShenandoahHeap::concurrent_prepare_for_update_refs() {
   _update_refs_iterator.reset();
 }
 
-class ShenandoahCompositeHandshakeClosure : public HandshakeClosure {
-  HandshakeClosure* _handshake_1;
-  HandshakeClosure* _handshake_2;
-  public:
-    ShenandoahCompositeHandshakeClosure(HandshakeClosure* handshake_1, HandshakeClosure* handshake_2) :
-      HandshakeClosure(handshake_2->name()),
-      _handshake_1(handshake_1), _handshake_2(handshake_2) {}
+void ShenandoahHeap::concurrent_final_roots() {
+  {
+    MutexLocker lock(Threads_lock);
 
-  void do_thread(Thread* thread) override {
-      _handshake_1->do_thread(thread);
-      _handshake_2->do_thread(thread);
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    for (JavaThreadIteratorWithHandle jtiwh; JavaThread* jt = jtiwh.next();) {
+      StackWatermark* sw = StackWatermarkSet::get(jt, StackWatermarkKind::gc);
+      assert(sw == nullptr || sw->processing_completed(),
+             "Cannot turn off weak roots before stack watermark processing is complete");
     }
-};
+#endif
 
-void ShenandoahHeap::concurrent_final_roots(HandshakeClosure* handshake_closure) {
-  {
-    assert(!is_evacuation_in_progress(), "Should not evacuate for abbreviated or old cycles");
-    MutexLocker lock(Threads_lock);
     set_gc_state_concurrent(WEAK_ROOTS, false);
   }
 
   ShenandoahGCStatePropagatorHandshakeClosure propagator(_gc_state.raw_value());
   Threads::non_java_threads_do(&propagator);
-  if (handshake_closure == nullptr) {
-    Handshake::execute(&propagator);
-  } else {
-    ShenandoahCompositeHandshakeClosure composite(&propagator, handshake_closure);
-    Handshake::execute(&composite);
-  }
+  Handshake::execute(&propagator);
 }
 
 oop ShenandoahHeap::evacuate_object(oop p, Thread* thread) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.hpp
index 86707c7e831..9810b316c21 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.hpp
@@ -493,8 +493,8 @@ class ShenandoahHeap : public CollectedHeap {
   // Retires LABs used for evacuation
   void concurrent_prepare_for_update_refs();
 
-  // Turn off weak roots flag, purge old satb buffers in generational mode
-  void concurrent_final_roots(HandshakeClosure* handshake_closure = nullptr);
+  // Turn off weak roots flag
+  void concurrent_final_roots();
 
   virtual void update_heap_references(ShenandoahGeneration* generation, bool concurrent);
   // Final update region states
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahNMethod.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahNMethod.cpp
index 5b24cfc979a..b0573c3f677 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahNMethod.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahNMethod.cpp
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ void ShenandoahNMethod::heal_nmethod(nmethod* nm) {
   assert(data->lock()->owned_by_self(), "Must hold the lock");
 
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
-  if (heap->is_concurrent_weak_root_in_progress() ||
+  if ((heap->is_concurrent_weak_root_in_progress() && heap->is_evacuation_in_progress()) ||
       heap->is_concurrent_strong_root_in_progress()) {
     heal_nmethod_metadata(data);
   } else if (heap->is_concurrent_mark_in_progress()) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGC.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGC.cpp
index ff441a0c868..df41069d922 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGC.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGC.cpp
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ bool ShenandoahOldGC::collect(GCCause::Cause cause) {
   // return from here with weak roots in progress. This is not a valid gc state
   // for any young collections (or allocation failures) that interrupt the old
   // collection.
-  heap->concurrent_final_roots();
+  entry_final_roots();
 
   // After concurrent old marking finishes, we reclaim immediate garbage. Further, we may also want to expand OLD in order
   // to make room for anticipated promotions and/or for mixed evacuations.  Mixed evacuations are especially likely to
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPhaseTimings.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPhaseTimings.hpp
index bc52d755139..dfb42e0b76f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPhaseTimings.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPhaseTimings.hpp
@@ -106,8 +106,10 @@ class outputStream;
                                                                                   "  CE: ")                          \
   SHENANDOAH_SIMPLE_PHASE_DEF(f, conc_update_card_table,                          "Concurrent Update Cards")         \
   SHENANDOAH_SIMPLE_PHASE_DEF(f, conc_final_roots,                                "Concurrent Final Roots")          \
-  SHENANDOAH_WORKER_PHASE_DEF(f, promote_in_place,                                "  Promote Regions",               \
+  SHENANDOAH_SIMPLE_PHASE_DEF(f, complete_abbreviated,                            "Complete Abbreviated Cycle")      \
+  SHENANDOAH_WORKER_PHASE_DEF(f, complete_abbreviated_promote_in_place,           "  Promote Regions",               \
                                                                                   "    PIP: ")                       \
+  SHENANDOAH_SIMPLE_PHASE_DEF(f, complete_abbreviated_update_region_ages,         "  Update Region Ages")            \
   SHENANDOAH_SIMPLE_PHASE_DEF(f, final_verify_gross,                              "Pause Final Verify (G)")          \
   SHENANDOAH_SIMPLE_PHASE_DEF(f, final_verify,                                    "Pause Final Verify (N)")          \
   SHENANDOAH_SIMPLE_PHASE_DEF(f, init_update_refs_gross,                          "Pause Init Update Refs (G)")      \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStackWatermark.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStackWatermark.cpp
index 81c584dfa37..8df2449f8b6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStackWatermark.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStackWatermark.cpp
@@ -67,14 +67,13 @@ ShenandoahStackWatermark::ShenandoahStackWatermark(JavaThread* jt) :
 
 OopClosure* ShenandoahStackWatermark::closure_from_context(void* context) {
   if (context != nullptr) {
-    assert(_heap->is_concurrent_weak_root_in_progress() ||
+    assert((_heap->is_concurrent_weak_root_in_progress() && _heap->is_evacuation_in_progress()) ||
            _heap->is_concurrent_mark_in_progress(),
            "Only these two phases");
     assert(Thread::current()->is_Worker_thread(), "Unexpected thread passing in context: " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(context));
     return reinterpret_cast<OopClosure*>(context);
   } else {
-    if (_heap->is_concurrent_weak_root_in_progress()) {
-      assert(_heap->is_evacuation_in_progress(), "Nothing to evacuate");
+    if (_heap->is_concurrent_weak_root_in_progress() && _heap->is_evacuation_in_progress()) {
       return &_evac_update_oop_cl;
     } else if (_heap->is_concurrent_mark_in_progress()) {
       return &_keep_alive_cl;
@@ -87,11 +86,9 @@ OopClosure* ShenandoahStackWatermark::closure_from_context(void* context) {
 
 void ShenandoahStackWatermark::start_processing_impl(void* context) {
   NoSafepointVerifier nsv;
-  ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
 
   // Process the non-frame part of the thread
-  if (heap->is_concurrent_weak_root_in_progress()) {
-    assert(heap->is_evacuation_in_progress(), "Should not be armed");
+  if (_heap->is_concurrent_weak_root_in_progress() && _heap->is_evacuation_in_progress()) {
     // Retire the TLABs, which will force threads to reacquire their TLABs.
     // This is needed for two reasons. Strong one: new allocations would be with new freeset,
     // which would be outside the collection set, so no cset writes would happen there.
@@ -100,7 +97,7 @@ void ShenandoahStackWatermark::start_processing_impl(void* context) {
     retire_tlab();
 
     _jt->oops_do_no_frames(closure_from_context(context), &_nm_cl);
-  } else if (heap->is_concurrent_mark_in_progress()) {
+  } else if (_heap->is_concurrent_mark_in_progress()) {
     // We need to reset all TLABs because they might be below the TAMS, and we need to mark
     // the objects in them. Do not let mutators allocate any new objects in their current TLABs.
     // It is also a good place to resize the TLAB sizes for future allocations.
@@ -129,9 +126,8 @@ void ShenandoahStackWatermark::retire_tlab() {
 void ShenandoahStackWatermark::process(const frame& fr, RegisterMap& register_map, void* context) {
   OopClosure* oops = closure_from_context(context);
   assert(oops != nullptr, "Should not get to here");
-  ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
-  assert((heap->is_concurrent_weak_root_in_progress() && heap->is_evacuation_in_progress()) ||
-         heap->is_concurrent_mark_in_progress(),
+  assert((_heap->is_concurrent_weak_root_in_progress() && _heap->is_evacuation_in_progress()) ||
+         _heap->is_concurrent_mark_in_progress(),
          "Only these two phases");
   fr.oops_do(oops, &_nm_cl, &register_map, DerivedPointerIterationMode::_directly);
 }

From 88d111e24ec11910b19cc482b466df01bc03c30e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 2026 12:21:51 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 116/707] 8387258: Test
 jdk/jfr/event/runtime/TestResidentSetSizeEvent.java failed on Windows: The
 size should be less than or equal to peak

Reviewed-by: dholmes, mgronlun
---
 src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp b/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp
index 2b74cccb072..0fc636483f5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp
@@ -6387,7 +6387,7 @@ void os::jfr_report_memory_info() {
     // Send the RSS JFR event
     EventResidentSetSize event;
     event.set_size(pmex.WorkingSetSize);
-    event.set_peak(pmex.PeakWorkingSetSize);
+    event.set_peak(MAX2(pmex.PeakWorkingSetSize, pmex.WorkingSetSize));
     event.commit();
   } else {
     // Log a warning

From fa2ca3d087adaeb1bd5f449edf916887d817fb6d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Martin Doerr <mdoerr@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 2026 14:21:06 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 117/707] 8387184: [PPC64] C1 logic operations should support
 generic constants

Reviewed-by: rrich, dbriemann
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/assembler_ppc.cpp       | 47 ++++++++---
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/assembler_ppc.hpp       | 10 ++-
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.cpp | 36 +++++---
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRGenerator_ppc.cpp | 15 ++--
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad                  | 92 +++------------------
 5 files changed, 85 insertions(+), 115 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/assembler_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/assembler_ppc.cpp
index ab16fc437e9..406d0b446a4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/assembler_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/assembler_ppc.cpp
@@ -75,23 +75,46 @@ int Assembler::branch_destination(int inst, int pos) {
   return r;
 }
 
-// Low-level andi-one-instruction-macro.
-void Assembler::andi(Register a, Register s, const long ui16) {
-  if (is_power_of_2(((unsigned long) ui16)+1)) {
+// Low-level andi-one-instruction-macro. May clobber CR0.
+void Assembler::andi(Register a, Register s, julong int_or_long_const) {
+  // Instructions which don't set CR0 are preferred.
+  if (int_or_long_const == 0) {
+    // should not be handled as pow2minus1
+    li(a, 0);
+  } else if (is_power_of_2(int_or_long_const + 1)) {
     // pow2minus1
-    clrldi(a, s, 64 - log2i_exact((((unsigned long) ui16)+1)));
-  } else if (is_power_of_2((jlong) ui16)) {
-    // pow2
-    rlwinm(a, s, 0, 31 - log2i_exact((jlong) ui16), 31 - log2i_exact((jlong) ui16));
-  } else if (is_power_of_2((jlong)-ui16)) {
-    // negpow2
-    clrrdi(a, s, log2i_exact((jlong)-ui16));
+    clrldi(a, s, 64 - log2i_exact(int_or_long_const + 1));
+  } else if (is_power_of_2(-int_or_long_const)) {
+    // negpow2 (includes (julong)min_jlong)
+    clrrdi(a, s, log2i_exact(-int_or_long_const));
+  } else if (is_uimm((jlong)int_or_long_const, 32) && has_consecutive_ones(int_or_long_const)) {
+    // consecutive ones
+    rlwinm(a, s, 0, count_leading_zeros((uint32_t)int_or_long_const),
+                    31 - count_trailing_zeros((uint32_t)int_or_long_const));
+  } else if (is_uimm((jlong)int_or_long_const, 16)) {
+    // side effect: clobbers CR0
+    andi_(a, s, int_or_long_const);
   } else {
-    assert(is_uimm(ui16, 16), "must be 16-bit unsigned immediate");
-    andi_(a, s, ui16);
+    assert(is_uimm((jlong)int_or_long_const, 32) && (int_or_long_const & 0xFFFF) == 0,
+           "not encodable: " UINT64_FORMAT_X, int_or_long_const);
+    // side effect: clobbers CR0
+    andis_(a, s, int_or_long_const >> 16);
   }
 }
 
+// Check if int_or_long_const is supported by Assembler::andi.
+bool Assembler::andi_supports(julong int_or_long_const) {
+  // 16 bit always possible by andi_ (but other instructions are preferred)
+  if (is_uimm((jlong)int_or_long_const, 16)) return true;
+
+  // special cases 32 bit: higher 16 bit and consecutive ones are supported
+  if (is_uimm((jlong)int_or_long_const, 32) &&
+   ((int_or_long_const & 0xFFFF) == 0 || has_consecutive_ones(int_or_long_const))) return true;
+
+  // special cases 64 bit: clrldi, clrrdi
+  return is_power_of_2(int_or_long_const + 1) || is_power_of_2(-int_or_long_const);
+}
+
 // RegisterOrConstant version.
 void Assembler::ld(Register d, RegisterOrConstant roc, Register s1) {
   if (roc.is_constant()) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/assembler_ppc.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/assembler_ppc.hpp
index f62c93e466c..77c7f63cd06 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/assembler_ppc.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/assembler_ppc.hpp
@@ -1048,6 +1048,13 @@ class Assembler : public AbstractAssembler {
     return (julong)x < maxplus1;
   }
 
+  // Test if x has exactly one consecutive range of one bits (e.g. 00111000)
+  static bool has_consecutive_ones(julong x) {
+    if (x == max_julong) return true;
+    if (x == 0) return false;
+    return is_power_of_2((x >> count_trailing_zeros(x)) + 1);
+  }
+
  protected:
   // helpers
 
@@ -1606,7 +1613,8 @@ class Assembler : public AbstractAssembler {
   inline void isel_0( Register d, ConditionRegister cr, Condition cc, Register b = noreg);
 
   // PPC 1, section 3.3.11, Fixed-Point Logical Instructions
-         void andi(   Register a, Register s, long ui16);   // optimized version
+         void andi(   Register a, Register s, julong int_or_long_const); // optimized version, may clobber CR0
+  static bool andi_supports(julong int_or_long_const);
   inline void andi_(  Register a, Register s, int ui16);
   inline void andis_( Register a, Register s, int ui16);
   inline void ori(    Register a, Register s, int ui16);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.cpp
index 78fae5c2677..1ec710aad29 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.cpp
@@ -1669,26 +1669,40 @@ void LIR_Assembler::logic_op(LIR_Code code, LIR_Opr left, LIR_Opr right, LIR_Opr
       d = dest->as_register_lo();
       l = left->as_register_lo();
     }
-    long uimms  = (unsigned long)uimm >> 16,
-         uimmss = (unsigned long)uimm >> 32;
+    long uimms  = (unsigned long)uimm >> 16;
 
     switch (code) {
       case lir_logic_and:
-        if (uimmss != 0 || (uimms != 0 && (uimm & 0xFFFF) != 0) || is_power_of_2(uimm)) {
-          __ andi(d, l, uimm); // special cases
-        } else if (uimms != 0) { __ andis_(d, l, uimms); }
-        else { __ andi_(d, l, uimm); }
+        if (Assembler::andi_supports(uimm)) {
+          __ andi(d, l, uimm); // includes andis_ and special cases
+        } else { // for operands which are not generated by LIRGenerator::do_LogicOp
+          __ load_const_optimized(R0, uimm);
+          __ andr(d, l, R0);
+        }
         break;
 
       case lir_logic_or:
-        if (uimms != 0) { assert((uimm & 0xFFFF) == 0, "sanity"); __ oris(d, l, uimms); }
-        else { __ ori(d, l, uimm); }
+        if (Assembler::is_uimm(uimm, 16)) {
+          __ ori(d, l, uimm);
+        } else if ((uimm & 0xFFFF) == 0 && Assembler::is_uimm(uimms, 16)) {
+          __ oris(d, l, uimms);
+        } else { // for operands which are not generated by LIRGenerator::do_LogicOp
+          __ load_const_optimized(R0, uimm);
+          __ orr(d, l, R0);
+        }
         break;
 
       case lir_logic_xor:
-        if (uimm == -1) { __ nand(d, l, l); } // special case
-        else if (uimms != 0) { assert((uimm & 0xFFFF) == 0, "sanity"); __ xoris(d, l, uimms); }
-        else { __ xori(d, l, uimm); }
+        if (Assembler::is_uimm(uimm, 16)) {
+          __ xori(d, l, uimm);
+        } else if ((uimm & 0xFFFF) == 0 && Assembler::is_uimm(uimms, 16)) {
+          __ xoris(d, l, uimms);
+        } else if (uimm == -1) {
+          __ nand(d, l, l); // special case
+        } else { // for operands which are not generated by LIRGenerator::do_LogicOp
+          __ load_const_optimized(R0, uimm);
+          __ xorr(d, l, R0);
+        }
         break;
 
       default: ShouldNotReachHere();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRGenerator_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRGenerator_ppc.cpp
index a652a155f62..56c069053c6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRGenerator_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRGenerator_ppc.cpp
@@ -578,18 +578,13 @@ inline bool can_handle_logic_op_as_uimm(ValueType *type, Bytecodes::Code bc) {
       Assembler::is_uimm((jlong)((julong)int_or_long_const >> 16), 16)) return true;
 
   // see Assembler::andi
-  if (bc == Bytecodes::_iand &&
-      (is_power_of_2(int_or_long_const+1) ||
-       is_power_of_2(int_or_long_const) ||
-       is_power_of_2(-int_or_long_const))) return true;
-  if (bc == Bytecodes::_land &&
-      (is_power_of_2((unsigned long)int_or_long_const+1) ||
-       (Assembler::is_uimm(int_or_long_const, 32) && is_power_of_2(int_or_long_const)) ||
-       (int_or_long_const != min_jlong && is_power_of_2(-int_or_long_const)))) return true;
+  if ((bc == Bytecodes::_iand || bc == Bytecodes::_land))
+    return Assembler::andi_supports(int_or_long_const);
 
   // special case: xor -1
-  if ((bc == Bytecodes::_ixor || bc == Bytecodes::_lxor) &&
-      int_or_long_const == -1) return true;
+  if ((bc == Bytecodes::_ixor || bc == Bytecodes::_lxor))
+    return (int_or_long_const == -1);
+
   return false;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
index e7464feb4ab..896128f99cc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
@@ -9155,61 +9155,14 @@ instruct andI_reg_reg(iRegIdst dst, iRegIsrc src1, iRegIsrc src2) %{
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
 
-// Left shifted Immediate And
-instruct andI_reg_immIhi16(iRegIdst dst, iRegIsrc src1, immIhi16  src2, flagsRegCR0 cr0) %{
+instruct andI_reg_immI(iRegIdst dst, iRegIsrc src1, immI src2, flagsRegCR0 cr0) %{
   match(Set dst (AndI src1 src2));
+  predicate(Assembler::andi_supports((juint)(n->in(2)->get_int())));
   effect(KILL cr0);
-  format %{ "ANDIS   $dst, $src1, $src2.hi" %}
-  size(4);
-  ins_encode %{
-    __ andis_($dst$$Register, $src1$$Register, (int)((unsigned short)(($src2$$constant & 0xFFFF0000) >> 16)));
-  %}
-  ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
-%}
-
-// Immediate And
-instruct andI_reg_uimm16(iRegIdst dst, iRegIsrc src1, uimmI16 src2, flagsRegCR0 cr0) %{
-  match(Set dst (AndI src1 src2));
-  effect(KILL cr0);
-
   format %{ "ANDI    $dst, $src1, $src2" %}
   size(4);
   ins_encode %{
-    // FIXME: avoid andi_ ?
-    __ andi_($dst$$Register, $src1$$Register, $src2$$constant);
-  %}
-  ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
-%}
-
-// Immediate And where the immediate is a negative power of 2.
-instruct andI_reg_immInegpow2(iRegIdst dst, iRegIsrc src1, immInegpow2 src2) %{
-  match(Set dst (AndI src1 src2));
-  format %{ "ANDWI   $dst, $src1, $src2" %}
-  size(4);
-  ins_encode %{
-    __ clrrdi($dst$$Register, $src1$$Register, log2i_exact(-(juint)$src2$$constant));
-  %}
-  ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
-%}
-
-instruct andI_reg_immIpow2minus1(iRegIdst dst, iRegIsrc src1, immIpow2minus1 src2) %{
-  match(Set dst (AndI src1 src2));
-  format %{ "ANDWI   $dst, $src1, $src2" %}
-  size(4);
-  ins_encode %{
-    __ clrldi($dst$$Register, $src1$$Register, 64 - log2i_exact((juint)$src2$$constant + 1u));
-  %}
-  ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
-%}
-
-instruct andI_reg_immIpowerOf2(iRegIdst dst, iRegIsrc src1, immIpowerOf2 src2) %{
-  match(Set dst (AndI src1 src2));
-  predicate(UseRotateAndMaskInstructionsPPC64);
-  format %{ "ANDWI   $dst, $src1, $src2" %}
-  size(4);
-  ins_encode %{
-    int bitpos = 31 - log2i_exact((juint)$src2$$constant);
-    __ rlwinm($dst$$Register, $src1$$Register, 0, bitpos, bitpos);
+    __ andi($dst$$Register, $src1$$Register, (juint)$src2$$constant); // optimized version
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
@@ -9227,50 +9180,27 @@ instruct andL_reg_reg(iRegLdst dst, iRegLsrc src1, iRegLsrc src2) %{
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
 
-// Immediate And long
-instruct andL_reg_uimm16(iRegLdst dst, iRegLsrc src1, uimmL16 src2, flagsRegCR0 cr0) %{
+instruct andL_reg_immL(iRegLdst dst, iRegLsrc src1, immL src2, flagsRegCR0 cr0) %{
   match(Set dst (AndL src1 src2));
+  predicate(Assembler::andi_supports(n->in(2)->get_long()));
   effect(KILL cr0);
-
   format %{ "ANDI    $dst, $src1, $src2 \t// long" %}
   size(4);
   ins_encode %{
-    // FIXME: avoid andi_ ?
-    __ andi_($dst$$Register, $src1$$Register, $src2$$constant);
-  %}
-  ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
-%}
-
-// Immediate And Long where the immediate is a negative power of 2.
-instruct andL_reg_immLnegpow2(iRegLdst dst, iRegLsrc src1, immLnegpow2 src2) %{
-  match(Set dst (AndL src1 src2));
-  format %{ "ANDDI   $dst, $src1, $src2" %}
-  size(4);
-  ins_encode %{
-    __ clrrdi($dst$$Register, $src1$$Register, log2i_exact(-(julong)$src2$$constant));
-  %}
-  ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
-%}
-
-instruct andL_reg_immLpow2minus1(iRegLdst dst, iRegLsrc src1, immLpow2minus1 src2) %{
-  match(Set dst (AndL src1 src2));
-  format %{ "ANDDI   $dst, $src1, $src2" %}
-  size(4);
-  ins_encode %{
-    __ clrldi($dst$$Register, $src1$$Register, 64 - log2i_exact((julong)$src2$$constant + 1ull));
+    __ andi($dst$$Register, $src1$$Register, $src2$$constant); // optimized version
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
 
 // AndL + ConvL2I.
-instruct convL2I_andL_reg_immLpow2minus1(iRegIdst dst, iRegLsrc src1, immLpow2minus1 src2) %{
+instruct convL2I_andL_reg_immL(iRegIdst dst, iRegLsrc src1, immL src2, flagsRegCR0 cr0) %{
   match(Set dst (ConvL2I (AndL src1 src2)));
-  ins_cost(DEFAULT_COST);
-
-  format %{ "ANDDI   $dst, $src1, $src2 \t// long + l2i" %}
+  predicate(Assembler::andi_supports(n->in(1)->in(2)->get_long()));
+  effect(KILL cr0);
+  format %{ "ANDI    $dst, $src1, $src2 \t// long + l2i" %}
   size(4);
   ins_encode %{
-    __ clrldi($dst$$Register, $src1$$Register, 64 - log2i_exact((julong)$src2$$constant + 1ull));
+    __ andi($dst$$Register, $src1$$Register, $src2$$constant); // optimized version
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}

From 45d3532a2ce7e2d0cc1c6c65b0cf7301569af1b6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matias Saavedra Silva <matsaave@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 2026 15:28:53 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 118/707] 8380750: Test
 runtime/cds/appcds/TestSerialGCWithCDS.java#id1 failed:
 StringIndexOutOfBoundsException

Reviewed-by: coleenp, iklam
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/TestCDSVMCrash.java | 2 +-
 test/lib/jdk/test/lib/cds/CDSTestUtils.java        | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/TestCDSVMCrash.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/TestCDSVMCrash.java
index 8241b0f9a2e..2c796243cbf 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/TestCDSVMCrash.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/TestCDSVMCrash.java
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             throw new Error("Expected VM to crash");
         } catch(RuntimeException e) {
             if (!e.getMessage().contains("A fatal error has been detected")) {
-                throw new Error("Expected message: A fatal error has been detected");
+                throw new Error("Expected message: A fatal error has been detected. Instead message is: " + e.getMessage());
             }
         }
         System.out.println("PASSED");
diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/cds/CDSTestUtils.java b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/cds/CDSTestUtils.java
index 59e4a1bbbde..8060eb92a87 100644
--- a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/cds/CDSTestUtils.java
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/cds/CDSTestUtils.java
@@ -703,7 +703,7 @@ public static OutputAnalyzer executeAndLog(Process process, String logName) thro
 
     static String getCrashMessage(String stdOut) {
         int start = stdOut.indexOf("# A fatal error has been detected by the Java Runtime Environment:");
-        int end = stdOut.indexOf(".log", start) + 4;
+        int end = stdOut.indexOf("# JRE version", start);
         return stdOut.substring(start, end);
     }
 

From 4bf4a60f76a9980fdce54fa85cec223ebd5e025e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Mark Powers <mpowers@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 2026 18:07:11 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 119/707] 8387123: Remove LuxTrust Global Root CA

Reviewed-by: mullan, rhalade
---
 .../share/data/cacerts/luxtrustglobalrootca   | 28 -------------------
 .../security/lib/cacerts/VerifyCACerts.java   | 10 ++-----
 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 35 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 src/java.base/share/data/cacerts/luxtrustglobalrootca

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/data/cacerts/luxtrustglobalrootca b/src/java.base/share/data/cacerts/luxtrustglobalrootca
deleted file mode 100644
index 7fb3d818f80..00000000000
--- a/src/java.base/share/data/cacerts/luxtrustglobalrootca
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-Owner: CN=LuxTrust Global Root, O=LuxTrust s.a., C=LU
-Issuer: CN=LuxTrust Global Root, O=LuxTrust s.a., C=LU
-Serial number: bb8
-Valid from: Thu Mar 17 09:51:37 GMT 2011 until: Wed Mar 17 09:51:37 GMT 2021
-Signature algorithm name: SHA256withRSA
-Subject Public Key Algorithm: 2048-bit RSA key
-Version: 3
------BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
-MIIDZDCCAkygAwIBAgICC7gwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQELBQAwRDELMAkGA1UEBhMCTFUx
-FjAUBgNVBAoTDUx1eFRydXN0IHMuYS4xHTAbBgNVBAMTFEx1eFRydXN0IEdsb2Jh
-bCBSb290MB4XDTExMDMxNzA5NTEzN1oXDTIxMDMxNzA5NTEzN1owRDELMAkGA1UE
-BhMCTFUxFjAUBgNVBAoTDUx1eFRydXN0IHMuYS4xHTAbBgNVBAMTFEx1eFRydXN0
-IEdsb2JhbCBSb290MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAsn+n
-QPAiygz267Hxyw6VV0B1r6A/Ps7sqjJX5hmxZ0OYWmt8s7j6eJyqpoSyYBuAQc5j
-zR8XCJmk9e8+EsdMsFeaXHhAePxFjdqRZ9w6Ubltc+a3OY52OrQfBfVpVfmTz3iI
-Sr6qm9d7R1tGBEyCFqY19vx039a0r9jitScRdFmiwmYsaArhmIiIPIoFdRTjuK7z
-CISbasE/MRivJ6VLm6T9eTHemD0OYcqHmMH4ijCc+j4z1aXEAwfh95Z0GAAnOCfR
-K6qq4UFFi2/xJcLcopeVx0IUM115hCNq52XAV6DYXaljAeew5Ivo+MVjuOVsdJA9
-x3f8K7p56aTGEnin/wIDAQABo2AwXjAMBgNVHRMEBTADAQH/MA4GA1UdDwEB/wQE
-AwIBBjAfBgNVHSMEGDAWgBQXFYWJCS8kh28/HRvk8pZ5g0gTzjAdBgNVHQ4EFgQU
-FxWFiQkvJIdvPx0b5PKWeYNIE84wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQELBQADggEBAFrwHNDUUM9B
-fua4nX3DcNBeNv9ujnov3kgR1TQuPLdFwlQlp+HBHjeDtpSutkVIA+qVvuucarQ3
-XB8u02uCgUNbCj8RVWOs+nwIAjegPDkEM/6XMshS5dklTbDG7mgfcKpzzlcD3H0K
-DTPy0lrfCmw7zBFRlxqkIaKFNQLXgCLShLL4wKpov9XrqsMLq6F8K/f1O4fhVFfs
-BSTveUJO84ton+Ruy4KZycwq3FPCH3CDqyEPVrRI/98HIrOM+R2mBN8tAza53W/+
-MYhm/2xtRDSvCHc+JtJy9LtHVpM8mGPhM7uZI5K1g3noHZ9nrWLWidb2/CfeMifL
-hNp3hSGhEiE=
------END CERTIFICATE-----
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/security/lib/cacerts/VerifyCACerts.java b/test/jdk/sun/security/lib/cacerts/VerifyCACerts.java
index c2c58b36c38..82b6a6c257e 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/security/lib/cacerts/VerifyCACerts.java
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/security/lib/cacerts/VerifyCACerts.java
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
  *      8223499 8225392 8232019 8234245 8233223 8225068 8225069 8243321 8243320
  *      8243559 8225072 8258630 8259312 8256421 8225081 8225082 8225083 8245654
  *      8305975 8304760 8307134 8295894 8314960 8317373 8317374 8318759 8319187
- *      8321408 8316138 8341057 8303770 8350498 8359170 8361212 8372351
+ *      8321408 8316138 8341057 8303770 8350498 8359170 8361212 8372351 8387123
  * @summary Check root CA entries in cacerts file
  */
 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
@@ -47,12 +47,12 @@ public class VerifyCACerts {
             + File.separator + "security" + File.separator + "cacerts";
 
     // The numbers of certs now.
-    private static final int COUNT = 111;
+    private static final int COUNT = 110;
 
     // SHA-256 of cacerts, can be generated with
     // shasum -a 256 cacerts | sed -e 's/../&:/g' | tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]' | cut -c1-95
     private static final String CHECKSUM
-            = "26:75:A0:AA:6E:7C:15:8B:BC:CF:11:81:38:3E:E7:94:31:9E:36:2D:F9:A6:BC:88:E1:A5:F8:46:9A:4C:1D:D7";
+            = "AA:C2:64:41:28:06:1F:83:92:54:7C:DD:95:82:61:4C:8F:FA:09:7B:17:64:A7:A8:7C:A9:F6:27:25:95:2D:BB";
 
     // Hex formatter to upper case with ":" delimiter
     private static final HexFormat HEX = HexFormat.ofDelimiter(":").withUpperCase();
@@ -143,8 +143,6 @@ public class VerifyCACerts {
                     "96:BC:EC:06:26:49:76:F3:74:60:77:9A:CF:28:C5:A7:CF:E8:A3:C0:AA:E1:1A:8F:FC:EE:05:C0:BD:DF:08:C6");
             put("letsencryptisrgx2 [jdk]",
                     "69:72:9B:8E:15:A8:6E:FC:17:7A:57:AF:B7:17:1D:FC:64:AD:D2:8C:2F:CA:8C:F1:50:7E:34:45:3C:CB:14:70");
-            put("luxtrustglobalrootca [jdk]",
-                    "A1:B2:DB:EB:64:E7:06:C6:16:9E:3C:41:18:B2:3B:AA:09:01:8A:84:27:66:6D:8B:F0:E2:88:91:EC:05:19:50");
             put("quovadisrootca [jdk]",
                     "A4:5E:DE:3B:BB:F0:9C:8A:E1:5C:72:EF:C0:72:68:D6:93:A2:1C:99:6F:D5:1E:67:CA:07:94:60:FD:6D:88:73");
             put("quovadisrootca1g3 [jdk]",
@@ -296,8 +294,6 @@ public class VerifyCACerts {
             add("addtrustexternalca [jdk]");
             // Valid until: Sat May 30 10:44:50 GMT 2020
             add("addtrustqualifiedca [jdk]");
-            // Valid until: Wed Mar 17 02:51:37 PDT 2021
-            add("luxtrustglobalrootca [jdk]");
             // Valid until: Wed Mar 17 11:33:33 PDT 2021
             add("quovadisrootca [jdk]");
             // Valid until: Sat May 21 04:00:00 GMT 2022

From c7816b0b444019aef047b7f0d8281cbf3b8d17fb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Chad Rakoczy <crakoczy@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 2026 19:44:04 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 120/707] 8382135: AArch64: HotCodeCollectorMoveFunction.java
 fails intermittently

Reviewed-by: eastigeevich, aph
---
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/hotCodeSampler.cpp     | 16 +++++++---------
 .../hotcode/HotCodeCollectorMoveFunction.java    | 12 +++++++++++-
 2 files changed, 18 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/hotCodeSampler.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/hotCodeSampler.cpp
index 94242b718a5..e033765c1f2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/hotCodeSampler.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/hotCodeSampler.cpp
@@ -61,15 +61,13 @@ bool ThreadSampler::sample_all_java_threads() {
       continue;
     }
 
-    if (CodeCache::contains(pc)) {
-      nmethod* nm = CodeCache::find_blob(pc)->as_nmethod_or_null();
-      if (nm != nullptr) {
-        bool created = false;
-        int *count = _samples.put_if_absent(nm, 0, &created);
-        (*count)++;
-        if (created) {
-          _samples.maybe_grow();
-        }
+    CodeBlob* cb = CodeCache::find_blob(pc);
+    if (cb != nullptr && cb->is_nmethod()) {
+      bool created = false;
+      int *count = _samples.put_if_absent(cb->as_nmethod(), 0, &created);
+      (*count)++;
+      if (created) {
+        _samples.maybe_grow();
       }
     }
   }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/hotcode/HotCodeCollectorMoveFunction.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/hotcode/HotCodeCollectorMoveFunction.java
index 5677ca88eb2..2b93c24e255 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/hotcode/HotCodeCollectorMoveFunction.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/hotcode/HotCodeCollectorMoveFunction.java
@@ -79,6 +79,8 @@ static class Runner {
         private static final int C2_LEVEL = 4;
         private static final int FUNC_RUN_MILLIS = 60_000;
 
+        private static volatile int blackholeCount = 0;
+
         static {
             try {
                 method = Runner.class.getMethod("func");
@@ -111,7 +113,15 @@ private static void compileFunc() {
 
         public static void func() {
             long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
-            while (System.currentTimeMillis() - start < FUNC_RUN_MILLIS) {}
+            while (System.currentTimeMillis() - start < FUNC_RUN_MILLIS) {
+                // Perform multiplicative LCG to ensure the compiler does not optimize away the code.
+                // Integer overflow is used for the modulus so the loop terminates after (2^32)/4 iterations
+                int num = 1;
+                do {
+                    blackholeCount++;
+                    num *= 69069;
+                } while (num != 1);
+            }
         }
     }
 }

From db357f7e089127d550e6ea872d533b8ce22e7992 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Daniel D. Daugherty" <dcubed@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 2026 23:25:45 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 121/707] 8387554: ProblemList
 vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/unit/functions/Dispose/JvmtiTest/TestDescription.java in
 virtual thread configs 8387557: ProblemList
 vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/capability/CM02/cm02t001/TestDescription.java
 in virtual thread configs 8387558: ProblemList
 vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/unit/timers/JvmtiTest/TestDescription.java on windows
 8387560: ProblemList
 vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/EventRequestManager/threadStartRequests/thrstartreq002/TestDescription.java
 in virtual thread configs

Reviewed-by: sspitsyn
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Virtual.txt | 5 +++++
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt         | 1 +
 2 files changed, 6 insertions(+)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Virtual.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Virtual.txt
index 705cded007a..b30a09a7710 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Virtual.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Virtual.txt
@@ -29,6 +29,11 @@ serviceability/AsyncGetCallTrace/MyPackage/ASGCTBaseTest.java 8308026 generic-al
 serviceability/jvmti/Heap/IterateHeapWithEscapeAnalysisEnabled.java 8264699 generic-all
 vmTestbase/vm/mlvm/indy/func/jvmti/mergeCP_indy2manyDiff_a/TestDescription.java 8308367 generic-all
 
+vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/unit/functions/Dispose/JvmtiTest/TestDescription.java 8387429 generic-all
+vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/capability/CM02/cm02t001/TestDescription.java 8299217 generic-all
+vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/EventRequestManager/threadStartRequests/thrstartreq002/TestDescription.java 8327967 generic-all
+
+
 ####
 ## Classes not unloaded as expected (TODO, need to check if FJ keeps a reference)
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
index 4ac2843190c..a9f70fc97a4 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
@@ -162,6 +162,7 @@ vmTestbase/metaspace/gc/firstGC_default/TestDescription.java 8208250 generic-all
 vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/capability/CM03/cm03t001/TestDescription.java 8073470 linux-all
 vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/events/EM02/em02t006/TestDescription.java 8372206 generic-all
 vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/InterruptThread/intrpthrd003/TestDescription.java 8288911 macosx-all
+vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/unit/timers/JvmtiTest/TestDescription.java 8235348 windows-x64
 
 vmTestbase/jit/escape/LockCoarsening/LockCoarsening001.java 8148743 generic-all
 vmTestbase/jit/escape/LockCoarsening/LockCoarsening002.java 8208259 generic-all

From aa17cf560835706351f2ce69886b3e23049f6bb1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gui Cao <gcao@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 1 Jul 2026 02:34:42 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 122/707] 8387381: RISC-V: assert failed with fastdebug build
 on systems with different core types

Reviewed-by: dzhang, fyang
---
 src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp | 9 ++++++---
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp
index f48df178ce6..3ede62e14cd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp
@@ -261,13 +261,16 @@ void RiscvHwprobe::add_features_from_query_result() {
 
   // ====== non-extensions ======
   //
-  if (is_valid(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_MARCHID)) {
+  // For value-type keys, the kernel returns (uint64_t)-1 when CPUs in the
+  // query set disagree (different core types). Skip these as the value is
+  // not meaningful for the system as a whole.
+  if (is_valid(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_MARCHID) && query[RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_MARCHID].value != (uint64_t)-1) {
     VM_Version::marchid.enable_feature(query[RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_MARCHID].value);
   }
-  if (is_valid(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_MIMPID)) {
+  if (is_valid(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_MIMPID) && query[RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_MIMPID].value != (uint64_t)-1) {
     VM_Version::mimpid.enable_feature(query[RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_MIMPID].value);
   }
-  if (is_valid(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_MVENDORID)) {
+  if (is_valid(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_MVENDORID) && query[RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_MVENDORID].value != (uint64_t)-1) {
     VM_Version::mvendorid.enable_feature(query[RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_MVENDORID].value);
   }
   // RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_CPUPERF_0 is deprecated and returns similar values

From 64ae319b5cd457aeb23d910d5ce09541028593fb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 1 Jul 2026 05:55:55 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 123/707] 8387334: IR Framework tests should run in jtreg
 driver mode

Reviewed-by: epeter, shade, chagedorn, mchevalier
---
 .../compiler/c2/ReachabilityFenceTest.java    |  2 +-
 .../jtreg/compiler/c2/TestMergeStores.java    |  8 +-
 .../c2/irTests/ConstructorBarriers.java       |  2 +-
 .../TestVectorizationMismatchedAccess.java    |  8 +-
 .../c2/riscv64/TestIntegerReverse.java        |  4 +-
 .../compiler/c2/riscv64/TestLongReverse.java  |  4 +-
 .../TestDebugDuringExceptionCatching.java     |  2 +-
 .../CmpDisjointButNonOrderedRangesLong.java   |  4 +-
 .../TestShortRunningLongCountedLoop.java      | 10 +--
 .../loopopts/TestHasTruncationWrap.java       |  4 +-
 .../TestRedundantSafepointElimination.java    |  2 +-
 .../rangechecks/TestFoldCompares.java         |  6 +-
 .../compiler/stable/LazyConstantsIrTest.java  |  2 +-
 .../TestRotateByteAndShortVector.java         |  2 +-
 .../TestRoundVectorDoubleRandom.java          |  2 +-
 .../TestRoundVectorFloatRandom.java           |  2 +-
 .../vectorization/runner/ArrayCopyTest.java   | 12 +--
 .../runner/ArrayIndexFillTest.java            | 14 +---
 .../runner/ArrayInvariantFillTest.java        | 37 +++++----
 .../runner/ArrayShiftOpTest.java              | 14 +---
 .../runner/ArrayTypeConvertTest.java          | 29 +------
 .../runner/ArrayUnsafeOpTest.java             | 12 +--
 .../runner/BasicBooleanOpTest.java            | 14 +---
 .../vectorization/runner/BasicByteOpTest.java | 22 +++---
 .../vectorization/runner/BasicCharOpTest.java | 12 +--
 .../runner/BasicDoubleOpTest.java             | 14 +---
 .../runner/BasicFloatOpTest.java              | 12 +--
 .../vectorization/runner/BasicIntOpTest.java  | 14 +---
 .../vectorization/runner/BasicLongOpTest.java | 14 +---
 .../runner/BasicShortOpTest.java              | 12 +--
 .../runner/LoopArrayIndexComputeTest.java     | 33 +++-----
 .../runner/LoopCombinedOpTest.java            | 31 ++------
 .../runner/LoopControlFlowTest.java           | 12 +--
 .../runner/LoopLiveOutNodesTest.java          | 14 +---
 .../runner/LoopRangeStrideTest.java           | 14 +---
 .../runner/LoopReductionOpTest.java           | 11 +--
 .../runner/MultipleLoopsTest.java             | 14 +---
 .../runner/StripMinedLoopTest.java            | 20 +++--
 .../runner/VectorizationTestRunner.java       | 75 ++++++++++++++-----
 39 files changed, 180 insertions(+), 340 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/ReachabilityFenceTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/ReachabilityFenceTest.java
index d0bce024696..14c4f7b5a48 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/ReachabilityFenceTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/ReachabilityFenceTest.java
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
  * @summary Tests to ensure that reachabilityFence() correctly keeps objects from being collected prematurely.
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @library /test/lib /
- * @run main/othervm -Xbatch compiler.c2.ReachabilityFenceTest
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 public class ReachabilityFenceTest {
     private static final int SIZE = 100;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestMergeStores.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestMergeStores.java
index 5e6a757dd5f..99143f04dcd 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestMergeStores.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestMergeStores.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
  * @summary Test merging of consecutive stores
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @library /test/lib /
- * @run main/timeout=480 compiler.c2.TestMergeStores aligned
+ * @run driver/timeout=480 ${test.main.class} aligned
  */
 
 /*
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
  * @summary Test merging of consecutive stores
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @library /test/lib /
- * @run main/timeout=480 compiler.c2.TestMergeStores unaligned
+ * @run driver/timeout=480 ${test.main.class} unaligned
  */
 
 /*
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
  * @summary Test merging of consecutive stores
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @library /test/lib /
- * @run main/timeout=480 compiler.c2.TestMergeStores StressIGVN
+ * @run driver/timeout=480 ${test.main.class} StressIGVN
  */
 
 public class TestMergeStores {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/ConstructorBarriers.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/ConstructorBarriers.java
index ba7e7d851b0..66dabcebf80 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/ConstructorBarriers.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/ConstructorBarriers.java
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
  * @summary Test barriers emitted in constructors
  * @library /test/lib /
  * @requires os.arch=="aarch64" | os.arch=="riscv64" | os.arch=="x86_64" | os.arch=="amd64"
- * @run main compiler.c2.irTests.ConstructorBarriers
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 public class ConstructorBarriers {
     public static void main(String[] args) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/TestVectorizationMismatchedAccess.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/TestVectorizationMismatchedAccess.java
index 5524b5d7b6c..9556fce988d 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/TestVectorizationMismatchedAccess.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/TestVectorizationMismatchedAccess.java
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2023, Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
 
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
 import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
-import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
 import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
 import java.util.Random;
 import java.util.Arrays;
@@ -40,15 +39,12 @@
  * @summary C2: vectorization fails on simple ByteBuffer loop
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @library /test/lib /
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI compiler.c2.irTests.TestVectorizationMismatchedAccess
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 public class TestVectorizationMismatchedAccess {
     private static final Unsafe UNSAFE = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
     private static final Random RANDOM = Utils.getRandomInstance();
-    private final static WhiteBox wb = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
 
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         TestFramework framework = new TestFramework();
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/riscv64/TestIntegerReverse.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/riscv64/TestIntegerReverse.java
index 8b3abbb0300..82bb79d3c1f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/riscv64/TestIntegerReverse.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/riscv64/TestIntegerReverse.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2025, Rivos Inc. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
  *
  * @library /test/lib /
  * @requires os.arch == "riscv64" & vm.cpu.features ~= ".*zbkb.*"
- * @run main/othervm compiler.c2.riscv64.TestIntegerReverse
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.c2.riscv64;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/riscv64/TestLongReverse.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/riscv64/TestLongReverse.java
index 01c3b871ffa..807a58a18f3 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/riscv64/TestLongReverse.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/riscv64/TestLongReverse.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2025, Rivos Inc. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
  *
  * @library /test/lib /
  * @requires os.arch == "riscv64" & vm.cpu.features ~= ".*zbkb.*"
- * @run main/othervm compiler.c2.riscv64.TestLongReverse
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.c2.riscv64;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/exceptions/TestDebugDuringExceptionCatching.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/exceptions/TestDebugDuringExceptionCatching.java
index 9be192d1f55..026b2d15b77 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/exceptions/TestDebugDuringExceptionCatching.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/exceptions/TestDebugDuringExceptionCatching.java
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
  * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
  * @build test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
  *
- * @run main/othervm ${test.main.class}
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 public class TestDebugDuringExceptionCatching {
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igvn/CmpDisjointButNonOrderedRangesLong.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igvn/CmpDisjointButNonOrderedRangesLong.java
index c5ef1640721..ab40a2ea234 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igvn/CmpDisjointButNonOrderedRangesLong.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igvn/CmpDisjointButNonOrderedRangesLong.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
  * @summary Ranges can be proven to be disjoint but not orderable (thanks to unsigned range)
  *          Comparing such values in such range with != should always be true.
  * @library /test/lib /
- * @run main compiler.igvn.CmpDisjointButNonOrderedRangesLong
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 package compiler.igvn;
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/longcountedloops/TestShortRunningLongCountedLoop.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/longcountedloops/TestShortRunningLongCountedLoop.java
index 7e55353e0f7..ed65deb6c85 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/longcountedloops/TestShortRunningLongCountedLoop.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/longcountedloops/TestShortRunningLongCountedLoop.java
@@ -32,14 +32,11 @@
  * @bug 8342692
  * @summary C2: long counted loop/long range checks: don't create loop-nest for short running loops
  * @library /test/lib /
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI compiler.longcountedloops.TestShortRunningLongCountedLoop
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 public class TestShortRunningLongCountedLoop {
     private static volatile int volatileField;
-    private final static WhiteBox wb = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
 
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         // IR rules expect a single loop so disable unrolling
@@ -351,8 +348,9 @@ public static void testLongLoopUnknownBoundsShortLoopFailedSpeculation_runner(Ru
                     throw new RuntimeException("incorrect result: " + res);
                 }
             }
-            wb.enqueueMethodForCompilation(info.getTest(), CompilerWhiteBoxTest.COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION);
-            if (!wb.isMethodCompiled(info.getTest())) {
+            WhiteBox whitebox = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+            whitebox.enqueueMethodForCompilation(info.getTest(), CompilerWhiteBoxTest.COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION);
+            if (!whitebox.isMethodCompiled(info.getTest())) {
                 throw new RuntimeException("Should be compiled now");
             }
             for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestHasTruncationWrap.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestHasTruncationWrap.java
index 9a68a2fcb77..143933ed6ea 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestHasTruncationWrap.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestHasTruncationWrap.java
@@ -27,14 +27,14 @@
  * @summary Test CountedLoopConverter::has_truncation_wrap logic that checks if
  *          a truncated iv (e.g. byte or char iv) is still a valid counted loop.
  * @library /test/lib /
- * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 /*
  * @test id=Xcomp
  * @bug 8385855
  * @library /test/lib /
- * @run main ${test.main.class} -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test*
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test*
  */
 
 package compiler.loopopts;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestRedundantSafepointElimination.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestRedundantSafepointElimination.java
index 69f86a2bf1d..f557a491160 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestRedundantSafepointElimination.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestRedundantSafepointElimination.java
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
  * @bug 8347499
  * @summary Tests that redundant safepoints can be eliminated in loops.
  * @library /test/lib /
- * @run main compiler.loopopts.TestRedundantSafepointElimination
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 public class TestRedundantSafepointElimination {
     public static void main(String[] args) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/rangechecks/TestFoldCompares.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/rangechecks/TestFoldCompares.java
index bec3e442403..b0df68b209a 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/rangechecks/TestFoldCompares.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/rangechecks/TestFoldCompares.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,14 +27,14 @@
  * @summary Test logic in IfNode::fold_compares, which folds 2 signed comparisons
  *          into a single comparison.
  * @library /test/lib /
- * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 /*
  * @test id=Xcomp
  * @bug 8346420
  * @library /test/lib /
- * @run main ${test.main.class} -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test*
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test*
  */
 
 package compiler.rangechecks;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stable/LazyConstantsIrTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stable/LazyConstantsIrTest.java
index b9f9343dd39..8f967fae560 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stable/LazyConstantsIrTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stable/LazyConstantsIrTest.java
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.lang
  * @library /test/lib /
  * @enablePreview
- * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.stable;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/TestRotateByteAndShortVector.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/TestRotateByteAndShortVector.java
index 79cde2f0d26..4c448564a87 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/TestRotateByteAndShortVector.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/TestRotateByteAndShortVector.java
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
  * @key randomness
  * @summary Test vectorization of rotate byte and short
  * @library /test/lib /
- * @run main/othervm TestRotateByteAndShortVector
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 import java.util.Random;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/TestRoundVectorDoubleRandom.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/TestRoundVectorDoubleRandom.java
index 78dd4f50a06..e5a6966cdcf 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/TestRoundVectorDoubleRandom.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/TestRoundVectorDoubleRandom.java
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
  * @library /test/lib /
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.math
  * @requires os.arch == "riscv64" & vm.cpu.features ~= ".*rvv.*"
- * @run main compiler.vectorization.TestRoundVectorDoubleRandom
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/TestRoundVectorFloatRandom.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/TestRoundVectorFloatRandom.java
index 474601346e8..92b6d3b9840 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/TestRoundVectorFloatRandom.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/TestRoundVectorFloatRandom.java
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
  * @library /test/lib /
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.math
  * @requires os.arch == "riscv64" & vm.cpu.features ~= ".*rvv.*"
- * @run main compiler.vectorization.TestRoundVectorFloatRandom
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayCopyTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayCopyTest.java
index 48b2ff754ad..f1140533d25 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayCopyTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayCopyTest.java
@@ -24,18 +24,10 @@
 /*
  * @test
  * @summary Vectorization test on array copy
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
  * @library /test/lib /
  *
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *        compiler.vectorization.runner.VectorizationTestRunner
- *
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.ArrayCopyTest
- *
- * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization.runner;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayIndexFillTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayIndexFillTest.java
index 8d0ba2be589..3708fc87f29 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayIndexFillTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayIndexFillTest.java
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2022, 2023, Arm Limited. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,18 +26,10 @@
  * @test
  * @summary Vectorization test on array index fill
  * @library /test/lib /
- *
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *        compiler.vectorization.runner.VectorizationTestRunner
- *
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.ArrayIndexFillTest
- *
  * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64") | (os.simpleArch == "aarch64") | (os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ *
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization.runner;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayInvariantFillTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayInvariantFillTest.java
index b7044b1c79d..90e4955bee3 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayInvariantFillTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayInvariantFillTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2022, 2023, Arm Limited. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,24 +26,11 @@
  * @test
  * @summary Vectorization test on array invariant fill
  * @library /test/lib /
- *
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *        compiler.vectorization.runner.VectorizationTestRunner
- *
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   -XX:-OptimizeFill
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.ArrayInvariantFillTest
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   -XX:+OptimizeFill
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.ArrayInvariantFillTest
- *
  * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64") | (os.simpleArch == "aarch64") | (os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ *
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} NoOptimizeFill
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} OptimizeFill
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization.runner;
@@ -68,11 +56,22 @@ public ArrayInvariantFillTest() {
         doubleInv = ran.nextDouble();
     }
 
+    // We must pass the flags directly to the Test VM, and not the Driver VM in the @run above.
+    @Override
+    protected String[] testVMFlags(String[] args) {
+        return switch (args[0]) {
+            case "NoOptimizeFill" -> new String[]{"-XX:-OptimizeFill"};
+            case "OptimizeFill" -> new String[]{"-XX:+OptimizeFill"};
+            default -> throw new RuntimeException("Test argument not recognized: " + args[0]);
+        };
+    }
+
     // ---------------- Simple Fill ----------------
     @Test
-    @IR(applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"asimd", "true", "sse2", "true", "rvv", "true"},
-        applyIf = {"OptimizeFill", "false"},
-        counts = {IRNode.REPLICATE_B, ">0"})
+    // TODO 8387402
+    //@IR(applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"asimd", "true", "sse2", "true", "rvv", "true"},
+    //    applyIf = {"OptimizeFill", "false"},
+    //    counts = {IRNode.REPLICATE_B, ">0"})
     @IR(applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"asimd", "true", "sse2", "true", "rvv", "true"},
         applyIf = {"OptimizeFill", "true"},
         counts = {IRNode.REPLICATE_B, "0"})
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayShiftOpTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayShiftOpTest.java
index e2d28cbf083..2699afda5cc 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayShiftOpTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayShiftOpTest.java
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2022, 2023, Arm Limited. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2025, Rivos Inc. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -28,18 +28,10 @@
  * @bug 8183390 8332905
  * @summary Vectorization test on bug-prone shift operation
  * @library /test/lib /
- *
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *        compiler.vectorization.runner.VectorizationTestRunner
- *
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.ArrayShiftOpTest
- *
  * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64") | (os.simpleArch == "aarch64") | (os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ *
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization.runner;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayTypeConvertTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayTypeConvertTest.java
index f9c5f6199f1..d6f2febb06f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayTypeConvertTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayTypeConvertTest.java
@@ -27,33 +27,12 @@
  * @bug 8183390 8340010 8342095
  * @summary Vectorization test on array type conversions
  * @library /test/lib /
- *
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *        compiler.vectorization.runner.VectorizationTestRunner
- *
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
  *
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.ArrayTypeConvertTest nCOH_nAV
- *
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.ArrayTypeConvertTest nCOH_yAV
- *
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.ArrayTypeConvertTest yCOH_nAV
- *
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.ArrayTypeConvertTest yCOH_yAV
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} nCOH_nAV
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} nCOH_yAV
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} yCOH_nAV
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} yCOH_yAV
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization.runner;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayUnsafeOpTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayUnsafeOpTest.java
index 8b4513b8490..f6874a03ffb 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayUnsafeOpTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/ArrayUnsafeOpTest.java
@@ -25,17 +25,9 @@
  * @test
  * @summary Vectorization test on array unsafe operations
  * @library /test/lib /
- *
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *        compiler.vectorization.runner.VectorizationTestRunner
- *
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.ArrayUnsafeOpTest
- *
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ *
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization.runner;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicBooleanOpTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicBooleanOpTest.java
index ba82013e182..3a61b365800 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicBooleanOpTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicBooleanOpTest.java
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2022, 2023, Arm Limited. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,17 +27,9 @@
  * @summary Vectorization test on basic boolean operations
  * @requires vm.opt.StressUnstableIfTraps == null | !vm.opt.StressUnstableIfTraps
  * @library /test/lib /
- *
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *        compiler.vectorization.runner.VectorizationTestRunner
- *
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.BasicBooleanOpTest
- *
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ *
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization.runner;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicByteOpTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicByteOpTest.java
index a336b32f7b9..acbf44c471c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicByteOpTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicByteOpTest.java
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2022, 2023, Arm Limited. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,19 +26,9 @@
  * @test
  * @summary Vectorization test on basic byte operations
  * @library /test/lib /
- *
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *        compiler.vectorization.runner.VectorizationTestRunner
- *
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   -XX:CompileCommand=CompileOnly,compiler.vectorization.runner.BasicByteOpTest::*
- *                   -XX:LoopUnrollLimit=1000
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.BasicByteOpTest
- *
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ *
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization.runner;
@@ -64,6 +54,12 @@ public BasicByteOpTest() {
         }
     }
 
+    // We must pass the flags directly to the test-VM, and not the driver vm in the @run above.
+    @Override
+    protected String[] testVMFlags(String[] args) {
+        return new String[]{"-XX:CompileCommand=CompileOnly,compiler.vectorization.runner.BasicByteOpTest::*", "-XX:LoopUnrollLimit=1000"};
+    }
+
     // ---------------- Arithmetic ----------------
     @Test
     @IR(applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"asimd", "true", "sse2", "true", "rvv", "true"},
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicCharOpTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicCharOpTest.java
index 4211d5eec5e..be462f0be16 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicCharOpTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicCharOpTest.java
@@ -25,17 +25,9 @@
  * @test
  * @summary Vectorization test on basic char operations
  * @library /test/lib /
- *
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *        compiler.vectorization.runner.VectorizationTestRunner
- *
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.BasicCharOpTest
- *
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ *
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization.runner;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicDoubleOpTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicDoubleOpTest.java
index 8d5925ec8c6..1adb89591a5 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicDoubleOpTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicDoubleOpTest.java
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2022, 2023, Arm Limited. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2025, Rivos Inc. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -27,18 +27,10 @@
  * @test
  * @summary Vectorization test on basic double operations
  * @library /test/lib /
- *
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *        compiler.vectorization.runner.VectorizationTestRunner
- *
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.BasicDoubleOpTest
- *
  * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64") | (os.simpleArch == "aarch64") | (os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ *
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization.runner;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicFloatOpTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicFloatOpTest.java
index b89d068d8af..870b8746baf 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicFloatOpTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicFloatOpTest.java
@@ -25,18 +25,10 @@
  * @test
  * @summary Vectorization test on basic float operations
  * @library /test/lib /
- *
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *        compiler.vectorization.runner.VectorizationTestRunner
- *
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.BasicFloatOpTest
- *
  * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64") | (os.simpleArch == "aarch64") | (os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ *
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization.runner;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicIntOpTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicIntOpTest.java
index e096f7878ab..8849418e609 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicIntOpTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicIntOpTest.java
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2022, 2023, Arm Limited. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,17 +26,9 @@
  * @test
  * @summary Vectorization test on basic int operations
  * @library /test/lib /
- *
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *        compiler.vectorization.runner.VectorizationTestRunner
- *
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.BasicIntOpTest
- *
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ *
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization.runner;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicLongOpTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicLongOpTest.java
index a6767054958..5404d943bbc 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicLongOpTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicLongOpTest.java
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2022, 2023, Arm Limited. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,18 +26,10 @@
  * @test
  * @summary Vectorization test on basic long operations
  * @library /test/lib /
- *
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *        compiler.vectorization.runner.VectorizationTestRunner
- *
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.BasicLongOpTest
- *
  * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64") | (os.simpleArch == "aarch64") | (os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ *
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization.runner;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicShortOpTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicShortOpTest.java
index b957a00278a..4c7221dea52 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicShortOpTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/BasicShortOpTest.java
@@ -27,17 +27,9 @@
  * @bug 8183390 8342095
  * @summary Vectorization test on basic short operations
  * @library /test/lib /
- *
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *        compiler.vectorization.runner.VectorizationTestRunner
- *
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.BasicShortOpTest
- *
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ *
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization.runner;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopArrayIndexComputeTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopArrayIndexComputeTest.java
index c8a3c71bdee..27058012f36 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopArrayIndexComputeTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopArrayIndexComputeTest.java
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2022, 2023, Arm Limited. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,26 +26,13 @@
  * @test
  * @summary Vectorization test on loop array index computation
  * @library /test/lib /
- *
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *        compiler.vectorization.runner.VectorizationTestRunner
- *
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.LoopArrayIndexComputeTest nAV_ySAC
- *
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.LoopArrayIndexComputeTest yAV_ySAC
- *
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.LoopArrayIndexComputeTest nAV_nSAC
- *
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.LoopArrayIndexComputeTest yAV_nSAC
- *
  * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64") | (os.simpleArch == "aarch64")
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ *
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} nAV_ySAC
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} yAV_ySAC
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} nAV_nSAC
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} yAV_nSAC
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization.runner;
@@ -60,10 +47,10 @@ public class LoopArrayIndexComputeTest extends VectorizationTestRunner {
     @Override
     protected String[] testVMFlags(String[] args) {
         return switch (args[0]) {
-            case "nAV_ySAC" -> new String[]{"-XX:-AlignVector", "-XX:+UseAutoVectorizationSpeculativeAliasingChecks"};
-            case "yAV_ySAC" -> new String[]{"-XX:+AlignVector", "-XX:+UseAutoVectorizationSpeculativeAliasingChecks"};
-            case "nAV_nSAC" -> new String[]{"-XX:-AlignVector", "-XX:-UseAutoVectorizationSpeculativeAliasingChecks"};
-            case "yAV_nSAC" -> new String[]{"-XX:+AlignVector", "-XX:-UseAutoVectorizationSpeculativeAliasingChecks"};
+            case "nAV_ySAC" -> new String[]{"-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:-AlignVector", "-XX:+UseAutoVectorizationSpeculativeAliasingChecks"};
+            case "yAV_ySAC" -> new String[]{"-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:+AlignVector", "-XX:+UseAutoVectorizationSpeculativeAliasingChecks"};
+            case "nAV_nSAC" -> new String[]{"-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:-AlignVector", "-XX:-UseAutoVectorizationSpeculativeAliasingChecks"};
+            case "yAV_nSAC" -> new String[]{"-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:+AlignVector", "-XX:-UseAutoVectorizationSpeculativeAliasingChecks"};
             default -> { throw new RuntimeException("Test argument not recognized: " + args[0]); }
         };
     }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopCombinedOpTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopCombinedOpTest.java
index c46b2e11612..714de5b3c6b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopCombinedOpTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopCombinedOpTest.java
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2022, 2023, Arm Limited. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,33 +26,12 @@
  * @test
  * @summary Vectorization test on combined operations
  * @library /test/lib /
- *
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *        compiler.vectorization.runner.VectorizationTestRunner
- *
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
  *
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.LoopCombinedOpTest nCOH_nAV
- *
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.LoopCombinedOpTest nCOH_yAV
- *
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.LoopCombinedOpTest yCOH_nAV
- *
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.LoopCombinedOpTest yCOH_yAV
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} nCOH_nAV
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} nCOH_yAV
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} yCOH_nAV
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} yCOH_yAV
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization.runner;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopControlFlowTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopControlFlowTest.java
index e36e4097813..51326956983 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopControlFlowTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopControlFlowTest.java
@@ -25,17 +25,9 @@
  * @test
  * @summary Vectorization test on simple control flow in loop
  * @library /test/lib /
- *
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *        compiler.vectorization.runner.VectorizationTestRunner
- *
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.LoopControlFlowTest
- *
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ *
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization.runner;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopLiveOutNodesTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopLiveOutNodesTest.java
index 06a3eb33bc3..cad2af04a9b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopLiveOutNodesTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopLiveOutNodesTest.java
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2022, 2023, Arm Limited. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,17 +26,9 @@
  * @test
  * @summary Vectorization test on loops with live out nodes
  * @library /test/lib /
- *
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *        compiler.vectorization.runner.VectorizationTestRunner
- *
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.LoopLiveOutNodesTest
- *
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ *
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization.runner;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopRangeStrideTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopRangeStrideTest.java
index 2db565461ac..a36d11198e7 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopRangeStrideTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopRangeStrideTest.java
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2022, 2023, Arm Limited. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,18 +26,10 @@
  * @test
  * @summary Vectorization test on different loop ranges and strides
  * @library /test/lib /
- *
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *        compiler.vectorization.runner.VectorizationTestRunner
- *
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.LoopRangeStrideTest
- *
  * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64") | (os.simpleArch == "aarch64") | (os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ *
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization.runner;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopReductionOpTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopReductionOpTest.java
index 546d99f5cce..9b9dcb03f6e 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopReductionOpTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/LoopReductionOpTest.java
@@ -25,19 +25,10 @@
  * @test
  * @summary Vectorization test on reduction operations
  * @library /test/lib /
- *
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *        compiler.vectorization.runner.VectorizationTestRunner
- *
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.LoopReductionOpTest
- *
  * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64") | (os.simpleArch == "aarch64") | (os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
  *
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization.runner;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/MultipleLoopsTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/MultipleLoopsTest.java
index 4dbfba02a43..4be74d20733 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/MultipleLoopsTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/MultipleLoopsTest.java
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2022, 2023, Arm Limited. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,17 +26,9 @@
  * @test
  * @summary Vectorization test on multiple loops in a method
  * @library /test/lib /
- *
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *        compiler.vectorization.runner.VectorizationTestRunner
- *
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.MultipleLoopsTest
- *
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ *
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization.runner;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/StripMinedLoopTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/StripMinedLoopTest.java
index dbc999647ad..347571fc95b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/StripMinedLoopTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/StripMinedLoopTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2022, 2023, Arm Limited. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,18 +26,9 @@
  * @test
  * @summary Vectorization test with small strip mining iterations
  * @library /test/lib /
- *
- * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- *        compiler.vectorization.runner.VectorizationTestRunner
- *
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                   -XX:LoopStripMiningIter=10
- *                   compiler.vectorization.runner.StripMinedLoopTest
- *
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ *
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.vectorization.runner;
@@ -59,6 +51,12 @@ public StripMinedLoopTest() {
         }
     }
 
+    // We must pass the flags directly to the Test VM, and not the Driver VM in the @run above.
+    @Override
+    protected String[] testVMFlags(String[] args) {
+        return new String[]{"-XX:LoopStripMiningIter=10"};
+    }
+
     @Test
     @IR(applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"asimd", "true", "sse2", "true", "rvv", "true"},
         counts = {IRNode.STORE_VECTOR, ">0"})
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/VectorizationTestRunner.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/VectorizationTestRunner.java
index 7f8e4ec3b39..9adebf30d31 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/VectorizationTestRunner.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/VectorizationTestRunner.java
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2022, 2023, Arm Limited. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,14 +30,23 @@
 import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
 import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
 
 import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
 
 import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
 
 public class VectorizationTestRunner {
 
-    private static final WhiteBox WB = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+    private static final String VERIFY_CORRECTNESS_ARG = "--verify-vectorization-correctness";
+
+    private static class Flags {
+        private static final WhiteBox WHITEBOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+    }
 
     private static final int COMP_LEVEL_INTP = 0;
     private static final int COMP_LEVEL_C2 = 4;
@@ -52,6 +62,35 @@ protected void run(String[] args) {
         // invokes it twice - first time in the interpreter and second time compiled
         // by C2. Then this runner compares the two return values. Hence we require
         // each test method returning a primitive value or an array of primitive type.
+        runCorrectnessTestsInTestVM(args);
+
+        // 2) Vectorization ability test
+        // To test vectorizability, invoke the IR test framework to check existence of
+        // expected C2 IR node.
+        TestFramework irTest = new TestFramework(klass);
+        irTest.addFlags(testVMFlags(args));
+        irTest.start();
+    }
+
+    private void runCorrectnessTestsInTestVM(String[] args) {
+        List<String> command = new ArrayList<>();
+        command.addAll(Arrays.asList(testVMFlags(args)));
+        command.add("-Xbootclasspath/a:.");
+        command.add("-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions");
+        command.add("-XX:+WhiteBoxAPI");
+        command.add(getClass().getName());
+        command.add(VERIFY_CORRECTNESS_ARG);
+        command.add(getClass().getName());
+        try {
+            ClassFileInstaller.main("jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox");
+            ProcessTools.executeTestJava(command).shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Vectorization correctness test failed", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void runCorrectnessTests() {
+        Class klass = getClass();
         for (Method method : klass.getDeclaredMethods()) {
             try {
                 if (method.isAnnotationPresent(Test.class)) {
@@ -63,13 +102,6 @@ protected void run(String[] args) {
                         "." + method.getName() + ": " + e.getMessage());
             }
         }
-
-        // 2) Vectorization ability test
-        // To test vectorizability, invoke the IR test framework to check existence of
-        // expected C2 IR node.
-        TestFramework irTest = new TestFramework(klass);
-        irTest.addFlags(testVMFlags(args));
-        irTest.start();
     }
 
     // Override this to add extra flags.
@@ -111,20 +143,20 @@ private void runTestOnMethod(Method method) throws InterruptedException {
 
         // Temporarily disable the compiler and invoke the method to get reference
         // result from the interpreter
-        WB.setBooleanVMFlag("UseCompiler", false);
+        Flags.WHITEBOX.setBooleanVMFlag("UseCompiler", false);
         try {
             expected = method.invoke(this);
         } catch (Exception e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
             fail("Exception is thrown in test method invocation (interpreter).");
         }
-        assert(WB.getMethodCompilationLevel(method) == COMP_LEVEL_INTP);
-        WB.setBooleanVMFlag("UseCompiler", true);
+        assert(Flags.WHITEBOX.getMethodCompilationLevel(method) == COMP_LEVEL_INTP);
+        Flags.WHITEBOX.setBooleanVMFlag("UseCompiler", true);
 
         // Compile the method and invoke it again
         long enqueueTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
-        WB.enqueueMethodForCompilation(method, COMP_LEVEL_C2);
-        while (WB.getMethodCompilationLevel(method) != COMP_LEVEL_C2) {
+        Flags.WHITEBOX.enqueueMethodForCompilation(method, COMP_LEVEL_C2);
+        while (Flags.WHITEBOX.getMethodCompilationLevel(method) != COMP_LEVEL_C2) {
             Thread.sleep(100 /*ms*/);
         }
         try {
@@ -133,7 +165,7 @@ private void runTestOnMethod(Method method) throws InterruptedException {
             e.printStackTrace();
             fail("Exception is thrown in test method invocation (C2).");
         }
-        assert(WB.getMethodCompilationLevel(method) == COMP_LEVEL_C2);
+        assert(Flags.WHITEBOX.getMethodCompilationLevel(method) == COMP_LEVEL_C2);
 
         // Check if two invocations return the same
         Class retType = method.getReturnType();
@@ -172,11 +204,10 @@ private void runTestOnMethod(Method method) throws InterruptedException {
     }
 
     private static VectorizationTestRunner createTestInstance(String testName) {
-        if (!testName.toLowerCase().endsWith(".java")) {
-            fail("Invalid test file name " + testName);
+        if (testName.toLowerCase().endsWith(".java")) {
+            testName = testName.substring(0, testName.length() - 5);
+            testName = testName.replace('/', '.');
         }
-        testName = testName.substring(0, testName.length() - 5);
-        testName = testName.replace('/', '.');
 
         VectorizationTestRunner instance = null;
         try {
@@ -196,7 +227,13 @@ private static void fail(String reason) {
     }
 
     public static void main(String[] args) {
-        VectorizationTestRunner testObj = createTestInstance(Utils.TEST_NAME);
+        VectorizationTestRunner testObj;
+        if (args.length > 0 && args[0].equals(VERIFY_CORRECTNESS_ARG)) {
+            testObj = createTestInstance(args[1]);
+            testObj.runCorrectnessTests();
+            return;
+        }
+        testObj = createTestInstance(Utils.TEST_NAME);
         testObj.run(args);
     }
 }

From b186074751bbd5b34dc92a1119e7b93e91cd8c7c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Albert Mingkun Yang <ayang@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 1 Jul 2026 06:02:23 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 124/707] 8387387: Parallel: Clean up startup allocation
 locking

Co-authored-by: Axel Boldt-Christmas <aboldtch@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: tschatzl, aboldtch
---
 .../gc/parallel/parallelScavengeHeap.cpp      | 19 +++++++++----------
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/parallelScavengeHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/parallelScavengeHeap.cpp
index 7aa88110fc8..ea3a85861b8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/parallelScavengeHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/parallelScavengeHeap.cpp
@@ -315,17 +315,16 @@ HeapWord* ParallelScavengeHeap::mem_allocate_work(size_t size, bool is_tlab) {
         return result;
       }
 
+      // Ensure that is_init_completed() does not transition while expanding the heap.
+      ConditionalMutexLocker ml_init(InitCompleted_lock, !is_init_completed(), Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
       if (!is_init_completed()) {
-        // Double checked locking, this ensure that is_init_completed() does not
-        // transition while expanding the heap.
-        MonitorLocker ml(InitCompleted_lock, Monitor::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
-        if (!is_init_completed()) {
-          result = expand_heap_and_allocate(size, is_tlab);
-          // Return the result if it's tlab-allocation. If the result is null, callers will retry
-          // non-tlab allocation.
-          if (result != nullptr || is_tlab) {
-            return result;
-          }
+        // Rechecked !is_init_completed() implies we have mutual exclusion via
+        // `Heap_lock` and `InitCompleted_lock`
+        result = expand_heap_and_allocate(size, is_tlab);
+        // Return the result if it's tlab-allocation. If the result is null,
+        // callers will retry non-tlab allocation.
+        if (result != nullptr || is_tlab) {
+          return result;
         }
       }
     }

From 28c79eb79222f304a4bc7233f90a255bf66d4d91 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Quan Anh Mai <qamai@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 1 Jul 2026 07:17:48 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 125/707] 8387395: [REDO] C2: SIGSEGV in compiled code due to
 missing ctrl

Reviewed-by: dlong, kvn, vlivanov
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp            | 36 +++++++++----
 src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp               | 21 ++++++++
 src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp               |  1 +
 .../TestRemoveCastPPWithCMoveUse.java         | 53 +++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 101 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/controldependency/TestRemoveCastPPWithCMoveUse.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
index 1f51cdc1d39..e5f91875516 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
@@ -3497,22 +3497,38 @@ void Compile::final_graph_reshaping_main_switch(Node* n, Final_Reshape_Counts& f
       ResourceMark rm;
       Unique_Node_List wq;
       wq.push(n);
+
+
+      // When we remove a CastPP, we need to pin all of its transitive users under the control of
+      // the removed node. The simplest approach is to pin all of the uses of the removed CastPP,
+      // but it is overly conservative, as an AddP does not really need pinning. As a result, we
+      // look through those nodes that do not need pinning and only pin memory access nodes under
+      // n->in(0).
       for (uint next = 0; next < wq.size(); ++next) {
         Node *m = wq.at(next);
         for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = m->fast_outs(imax); i < imax; i++) {
           Node* use = m->fast_out(i);
-          if (use->is_Mem() || use->is_EncodeNarrowPtr()) {
+          int use_op = use->Opcode();
+          if (use->is_CFG() || use->pinned() ||                               // already pinned at the exact control
+              use->is_Cmp() || use_op == Op_CastP2X || use_op == Op_Conv2B) { // pure computations
+            continue;
+          } else if (use->is_EncodeNarrowPtr() ||        // EncodeP remembers whether its input is nullable, so it must be pinned
+                     use_op == Op_PartialSubtypeCheck || // This accesses its pointer inputs, so it must depend on them being not-null
+                     use->is_Mem() || use->is_memory_access_intrinsic()) {
             use->ensure_control_or_add_prec(n->in(0));
+          } else if (use_op == Op_AddP    ||
+                     use_op == Op_CastPP  || use_op == Op_CheckCastPP  ||
+                     use_op == Op_CMoveP  || use_op == Op_CMoveN       ||
+                     use_op == Op_DecodeN || use_op == Op_DecodeNKlass ||
+                     use_op == Op_VerifyVectorAlignment) {
+            // Look through use to find memory accesses if use does not need pinning
+            wq.push(use);
           } else {
-            switch(use->Opcode()) {
-            case Op_AddP:
-            case Op_DecodeN:
-            case Op_DecodeNKlass:
-            case Op_CheckCastPP:
-            case Op_CastPP:
-              wq.push(use);
-              break;
-            }
+            // Should have handled all kinds of nodes, verify that we do not unexpectedly arrive
+            // here
+            assert(false, "unexpected node %s", use->Name());
+            // Be conservative in product and pin the unexpected use
+            use->ensure_control_or_add_prec(n->in(0));
           }
         }
       }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp
index 2f7cc6d1c1d..726a3ea1b55 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp
@@ -3018,6 +3018,27 @@ bool Node::is_data_proj_of_pure_function(const Node* maybe_pure_function) const
   return Opcode() == Op_Proj && as_Proj()->_con == TypeFunc::Parms && maybe_pure_function->is_CallLeafPure();
 }
 
+// Whether this is an intrinsic node that accesses memory and has a memory input, such as array
+// equal intrinsic. Some nodes do access memory but do not have a memory input, such as
+// PartialSubTypeCheck, they are not included here.
+bool Node::is_memory_access_intrinsic() const {
+  switch (Opcode()) {
+    case Op_StrComp:
+    case Op_StrEquals:
+    case Op_StrIndexOf:
+    case Op_StrIndexOfChar:
+    case Op_StrCompressedCopy:
+    case Op_StrInflatedCopy:
+    case Op_AryEq:
+    case Op_CountPositives:
+    case Op_VectorizedHashCode:
+    case Op_EncodeISOArray:
+      return true;
+    default:
+      return false;
+  }
+}
+
 //--------------------------has_non_debug_uses------------------------------
 // Checks whether the node has any non-debug uses or not.
 bool Node::has_non_debug_uses() const {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp
index 443f4bfbe8a..b3de7498e50 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp
@@ -1069,6 +1069,7 @@ class Node {
   uint is_Copy() const { return (_flags & Flag_is_Copy); }
 
   virtual bool is_CFG() const { return false; }
+  bool is_memory_access_intrinsic() const;
 
   // If this node is control-dependent on a test, can it be rerouted to a dominating equivalent
   // test? This means that the node can be executed safely as long as it happens after the test
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/controldependency/TestRemoveCastPPWithCMoveUse.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/controldependency/TestRemoveCastPPWithCMoveUse.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3d752cc74f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/controldependency/TestRemoveCastPPWithCMoveUse.java
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package compiler.controldependency;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8385420
+ * @summary C2 correctly handles the case when the removed CastPPNode has a CMove use.
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+StressGCM ${test.main.class}
+ *
+ */
+public class TestRemoveCastPPWithCMoveUse {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; i++) {
+            test(null, false);
+            test(null, true);
+            test("", false);
+            test("", true);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int test(String a, boolean flag) {
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+        if (a == null) {
+            sb.append("");
+        } else {
+            sb.append(flag ? a : "");
+        }
+        return sb.length();
+    }
+}

From fcfd6ad141e27e77beba7a6c3b82f9c5ac113550 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 1 Jul 2026 07:57:41 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 126/707] 8386846: G1: Crash in ~ThreadTotalCPUTimeClosure
 inside G1ServiceThread during CDS abort

Reviewed-by: shade, dholmes
---
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/cpuTimeCounters.cpp | 11 ++++++++++-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/cpuTimeCounters.hpp |  5 +++--
 2 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/cpuTimeCounters.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/cpuTimeCounters.cpp
index e174407089c..3374a1c5db3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/cpuTimeCounters.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/cpuTimeCounters.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2023 Google LLC. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 
 #include "runtime/atomicAccess.hpp"
 #include "runtime/cpuTimeCounters.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalCounter.inline.hpp"
 
 const char* CPUTimeGroups::to_string(CPUTimeType val) {
   switch (val) {
@@ -77,6 +78,10 @@ void CPUTimeCounters::inc_gc_total_cpu_time(jlong diff) {
 }
 
 void CPUTimeCounters::publish_gc_total_cpu_time() {
+  GlobalCounter::CriticalSection cs(Thread::current());
+  if (!UsePerfData || !PerfDataManager::has_PerfData()) {
+    return;
+  }
   CPUTimeCounters* instance = CPUTimeCounters::get_instance();
   // Atomically fetch the current _gc_total_cpu_time_diff and reset it to zero.
   jlong new_value = 0;
@@ -103,6 +108,10 @@ PerfCounter* CPUTimeCounters::get_counter(CPUTimeGroups::CPUTimeType name) {
 }
 
 void CPUTimeCounters::update_counter(CPUTimeGroups::CPUTimeType name, jlong total) {
+  GlobalCounter::CriticalSection cs(Thread::current());
+  if (!UsePerfData || !PerfDataManager::has_PerfData()) {
+    return;
+  }
   CPUTimeCounters* instance = CPUTimeCounters::get_instance();
   PerfCounter* counter = instance->get_counter(name);
   jlong prev_value = counter->get_value();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/cpuTimeCounters.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/cpuTimeCounters.hpp
index c2e636bdb1d..15f680c06e1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/cpuTimeCounters.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/cpuTimeCounters.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2023 Google LLC. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -79,6 +79,8 @@ class CPUTimeCounters: public CHeapObj<mtServiceability> {
 
   static void inc_gc_total_cpu_time(jlong diff);
 
+  static PerfCounter* get_counter(CPUTimeGroups::CPUTimeType name);
+
 public:
   static void initialize() {
     assert(_instance == nullptr, "we can only allocate one CPUTimeCounters object");
@@ -91,7 +93,6 @@ class CPUTimeCounters: public CHeapObj<mtServiceability> {
   }
 
   static void create_counter(CPUTimeGroups::CPUTimeType name);
-  static PerfCounter* get_counter(CPUTimeGroups::CPUTimeType name);
   static void update_counter(CPUTimeGroups::CPUTimeType name, jlong total);
 
   static void publish_gc_total_cpu_time();

From 867b4f42c0eacb7758a7615a1f56fc7c7dc56371 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ruben Ayrapetyan <ruben@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 1 Jul 2026 08:36:46 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 127/707] 8387081: AArch64: Refactor MacroAssembler::cmpxchg

Reviewed-by: qamai, aph
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_atomic.ad     | 132 +++++-------------
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_atomic_ad.m4  |  14 +-
 .../cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp   |   4 +-
 .../cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp |   9 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/g1/g1_aarch64.ad   |  20 ++-
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/g1/g1_aarch64.m4   |  26 ++--
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp |   8 +-
 .../gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp     |   5 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/z/z_aarch64.ad     |  10 +-
 .../cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp    |  35 ++++-
 .../cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp    |  20 ++-
 11 files changed, 122 insertions(+), 161 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_atomic.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_atomic.ad
index 3b05a637215..13fbe781518 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_atomic.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_atomic.ad
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@ instruct compareAndExchangeB(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegI oldval, iRegI ne
   %}
   ins_encode %{
     __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::byte, /*acquire*/ false, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, $res$$Register);
+               Assembler::byte, memory_order_release, $res$$Register);
     __ sxtbw($res$$Register, $res$$Register);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -59,8 +58,7 @@ instruct compareAndExchangeS(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegI oldval, iRegI ne
   %}
   ins_encode %{
     __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::halfword, /*acquire*/ false, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, $res$$Register);
+               Assembler::halfword, memory_order_release, $res$$Register);
     __ sxthw($res$$Register, $res$$Register);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -75,8 +73,7 @@ instruct compareAndExchangeI(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegI oldval, iRegI ne
   %}
   ins_encode %{
     __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::word, /*acquire*/ false, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, $res$$Register);
+               Assembler::word, memory_order_release, $res$$Register);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
@@ -90,8 +87,7 @@ instruct compareAndExchangeL(iRegLNoSp res, indirect mem, iRegL oldval, iRegL ne
   %}
   ins_encode %{
     __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::xword, /*acquire*/ false, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, $res$$Register);
+               Assembler::xword, memory_order_release, $res$$Register);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
@@ -106,8 +102,7 @@ instruct compareAndExchangeN(iRegNNoSp res, indirect mem, iRegN oldval, iRegN ne
   %}
   ins_encode %{
     __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::word, /*acquire*/ false, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, $res$$Register);
+               Assembler::word, memory_order_release, $res$$Register);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
@@ -122,8 +117,7 @@ instruct compareAndExchangeP(iRegPNoSp res, indirect mem, iRegP oldval, iRegP ne
   %}
   ins_encode %{
     __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::xword, /*acquire*/ false, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, $res$$Register);
+               Assembler::xword, memory_order_release, $res$$Register);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
@@ -138,8 +132,7 @@ instruct compareAndExchangeBAcq(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegI oldval, iRegI
   %}
   ins_encode %{
     __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::byte, /*acquire*/ true, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, $res$$Register);
+               Assembler::byte, memory_order_seq_cst, $res$$Register);
     __ sxtbw($res$$Register, $res$$Register);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -155,8 +148,7 @@ instruct compareAndExchangeSAcq(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegI oldval, iRegI
   %}
   ins_encode %{
     __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::halfword, /*acquire*/ true, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, $res$$Register);
+               Assembler::halfword, memory_order_seq_cst, $res$$Register);
     __ sxthw($res$$Register, $res$$Register);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -172,8 +164,7 @@ instruct compareAndExchangeIAcq(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegI oldval, iRegI
   %}
   ins_encode %{
     __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::word, /*acquire*/ true, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, $res$$Register);
+               Assembler::word, memory_order_seq_cst, $res$$Register);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
@@ -188,8 +179,7 @@ instruct compareAndExchangeLAcq(iRegLNoSp res, indirect mem, iRegL oldval, iRegL
   %}
   ins_encode %{
     __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::xword, /*acquire*/ true, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, $res$$Register);
+               Assembler::xword, memory_order_seq_cst, $res$$Register);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
@@ -204,8 +194,7 @@ instruct compareAndExchangeNAcq(iRegNNoSp res, indirect mem, iRegN oldval, iRegN
   %}
   ins_encode %{
     __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::word, /*acquire*/ true, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, $res$$Register);
+               Assembler::word, memory_order_seq_cst, $res$$Register);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
@@ -220,8 +209,7 @@ instruct compareAndExchangePAcq(iRegPNoSp res, indirect mem, iRegP oldval, iRegP
   %}
   ins_encode %{
     __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::xword, /*acquire*/ true, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, $res$$Register);
+               Assembler::xword, memory_order_seq_cst, $res$$Register);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
@@ -235,9 +223,7 @@ instruct compareAndSwapB(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegI oldval, iRegI newval
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::byte, /*acquire*/ false, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::byte, memory_order_release);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -252,9 +238,7 @@ instruct compareAndSwapS(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegI oldval, iRegI newval
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::halfword, /*acquire*/ false, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::halfword, memory_order_release);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -269,9 +253,7 @@ instruct compareAndSwapI(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegI oldval, iRegI newval
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::word, /*acquire*/ false, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::word, memory_order_release);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -286,9 +268,7 @@ instruct compareAndSwapL(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegL oldval, iRegL newval
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::xword, /*acquire*/ false, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::xword, memory_order_release);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -304,9 +284,7 @@ instruct compareAndSwapN(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegN oldval, iRegN newval
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::word, /*acquire*/ false, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::word, memory_order_release);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -322,9 +300,7 @@ instruct compareAndSwapP(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegP oldval, iRegP newval
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::xword, /*acquire*/ false, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::xword, memory_order_release);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -340,9 +316,7 @@ instruct compareAndSwapBAcq(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegI oldval, iRegI new
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::byte, /*acquire*/ true, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::byte, memory_order_seq_cst);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -358,9 +332,7 @@ instruct compareAndSwapSAcq(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegI oldval, iRegI new
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::halfword, /*acquire*/ true, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::halfword, memory_order_seq_cst);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -376,9 +348,7 @@ instruct compareAndSwapIAcq(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegI oldval, iRegI new
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::word, /*acquire*/ true, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::word, memory_order_seq_cst);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -394,9 +364,7 @@ instruct compareAndSwapLAcq(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegL oldval, iRegL new
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::xword, /*acquire*/ true, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::xword, memory_order_seq_cst);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -412,9 +380,7 @@ instruct compareAndSwapNAcq(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegN oldval, iRegN new
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::word, /*acquire*/ true, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::word, memory_order_seq_cst);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -430,9 +396,7 @@ instruct compareAndSwapPAcq(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegP oldval, iRegP new
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::xword, /*acquire*/ true, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::xword, memory_order_seq_cst);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -447,9 +411,7 @@ instruct weakCompareAndSwapB(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegI oldval, iRegI ne
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::byte, /*acquire*/ false, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ true, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg_weak($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::byte, memory_order_release);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -464,9 +426,7 @@ instruct weakCompareAndSwapS(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegI oldval, iRegI ne
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::halfword, /*acquire*/ false, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ true, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg_weak($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::halfword, memory_order_release);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -481,9 +441,7 @@ instruct weakCompareAndSwapI(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegI oldval, iRegI ne
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::word, /*acquire*/ false, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ true, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg_weak($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::word, memory_order_release);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -498,9 +456,7 @@ instruct weakCompareAndSwapL(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegL oldval, iRegL ne
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::xword, /*acquire*/ false, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ true, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg_weak($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::xword, memory_order_release);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -516,9 +472,7 @@ instruct weakCompareAndSwapN(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegN oldval, iRegN ne
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::word, /*acquire*/ false, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ true, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg_weak($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::word, memory_order_release);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -534,9 +488,7 @@ instruct weakCompareAndSwapP(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegP oldval, iRegP ne
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::xword, /*acquire*/ false, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ true, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg_weak($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::xword, memory_order_release);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -552,9 +504,7 @@ instruct weakCompareAndSwapBAcq(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegI oldval, iRegI
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::byte, /*acquire*/ true, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ true, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg_weak($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::byte, memory_order_seq_cst);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -570,9 +520,7 @@ instruct weakCompareAndSwapSAcq(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegI oldval, iRegI
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::halfword, /*acquire*/ true, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ true, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg_weak($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::halfword, memory_order_seq_cst);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -588,9 +536,7 @@ instruct weakCompareAndSwapIAcq(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegI oldval, iRegI
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::word, /*acquire*/ true, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ true, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg_weak($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::word, memory_order_seq_cst);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -606,9 +552,7 @@ instruct weakCompareAndSwapLAcq(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegL oldval, iRegL
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::xword, /*acquire*/ true, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ true, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg_weak($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::xword, memory_order_seq_cst);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -624,9 +568,7 @@ instruct weakCompareAndSwapNAcq(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegN oldval, iRegN
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::word, /*acquire*/ true, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ true, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg_weak($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::word, memory_order_seq_cst);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -642,9 +584,7 @@ instruct weakCompareAndSwapPAcq(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegP oldval, iRegP
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::xword, /*acquire*/ true, /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ true, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg_weak($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::xword, memory_order_seq_cst);
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_atomic_ad.m4 b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_atomic_ad.m4
index dc51754e7f9..d6b3abd1e6f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_atomic_ad.m4
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_atomic_ad.m4
@@ -53,8 +53,7 @@ ifelse($7,Acq,INDENT(predicate(needs_acquiring_load_exclusive(n));),`dnl')
   %}
   ins_encode %{
     __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::$4, /*acquire*/ ifelse($7,Acq,true,false), /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, $res$$Register);
+               Assembler::$4, ifelse($7,Acq,memory_order_seq_cst,memory_order_release), $res$$Register);
     __ $6($res$$Register, $res$$Register);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -76,8 +75,7 @@ ifelse($1$6,PAcq,INDENT(predicate(needs_acquiring_load_exclusive(n) && (n->as_Lo
   %}
   ins_encode %{
     __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::$4, /*acquire*/ ifelse($6,Acq,true,false), /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ false, $res$$Register);
+               Assembler::$4, ifelse($6,Acq,memory_order_seq_cst,memory_order_release), $res$$Register);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}')dnl
@@ -112,9 +110,7 @@ ifelse($6,Acq,INDENT(predicate(needs_acquiring_load_exclusive(n));),`dnl')
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::$4, /*acquire*/ ifelse($6,Acq,true,false), /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ ifelse($7,Weak,true,false), noreg);
+    __ ifelse($7,Weak,cmpxchg_weak,cmpxchg)($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::$4, ifelse($6,Acq,memory_order_seq_cst,memory_order_release));
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -137,9 +133,7 @@ ifelse($1$6,PAcq,INDENT(predicate(needs_acquiring_load_exclusive(n) && (n->as_Lo
     "csetw $res, EQ\t# $res <-- (EQ ? 1 : 0)"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register,
-               Assembler::$4, /*acquire*/ ifelse($6,Acq,true,false), /*release*/ true,
-               /*weak*/ ifelse($7,Weak,true,false), noreg);
+    __ ifelse($7,Weak,cmpxchg_weak,cmpxchg)($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::$4, ifelse($6,Acq,memory_order_seq_cst,memory_order_release));
     __ csetw($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 87451b5a07a..202f3227e2d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -1492,12 +1492,12 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_opTypeCheck(LIR_OpTypeCheck* op) {
 }
 
 void LIR_Assembler::casw(Register addr, Register newval, Register cmpval) {
-  __ cmpxchg(addr, cmpval, newval, Assembler::word, /* acquire*/ true, /* release*/ true, /* weak*/ false, rscratch1);
+  __ cmpxchg(addr, cmpval, newval, Assembler::word, memory_order_seq_cst, rscratch1);
   __ cset(rscratch1, Assembler::NE);
 }
 
 void LIR_Assembler::casl(Register addr, Register newval, Register cmpval) {
-  __ cmpxchg(addr, cmpval, newval, Assembler::xword, /* acquire*/ true, /* release*/ true, /* weak*/ false, rscratch1);
+  __ cmpxchg(addr, cmpval, newval, Assembler::xword, memory_order_seq_cst, rscratch1);
   __ cset(rscratch1, Assembler::NE);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index cb9e308197e..e46a338e649 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -204,8 +204,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box, Register t1,
     // Try to lock. Transition lock-bits 0b01 => 0b00
     orr(t1_mark, t1_mark, markWord::unlocked_value);
     eor(t3_t, t1_mark, markWord::unlocked_value);
-    cmpxchg(/*addr*/ obj, /*expected*/ t1_mark, /*new*/ t3_t, Assembler::xword,
-            /*acquire*/ true, /*release*/ false, /*weak*/ false, noreg);
+    cmpxchg(/*addr*/ obj, /*expected*/ t1_mark, /*new*/ t3_t, Assembler::xword, memory_order_acquire);
     br(Assembler::NE, slow_path);
 
     bind(push);
@@ -285,8 +284,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box, Register t1,
 
     // Try to CAS owner (no owner => current thread's _monitor_owner_id).
     ldr(rscratch2, Address(rthread, JavaThread::monitor_owner_id_offset()));
-    cmpxchg(t2_owner_addr, zr, rscratch2, Assembler::xword, /*acquire*/ true,
-            /*release*/ false, /*weak*/ false, t3_owner);
+    cmpxchg(t2_owner_addr, zr, rscratch2, Assembler::xword, memory_order_acquire, t3_owner);
     br(Assembler::EQ, monitor_locked);
 
     // Check if recursive.
@@ -371,8 +369,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_unlock(Register obj, Register box, Register t1,
     // Try to unlock. Transition lock bits 0b00 => 0b01
     assert(oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes() == 0, "required to avoid lea");
     orr(t3_t, t1_mark, markWord::unlocked_value);
-    cmpxchg(/*addr*/ obj, /*expected*/ t1_mark, /*new*/ t3_t, Assembler::xword,
-            /*acquire*/ false, /*release*/ true, /*weak*/ false, noreg);
+    cmpxchg(/*addr*/ obj, /*expected*/ t1_mark, /*new*/ t3_t, Assembler::xword, memory_order_release);
     br(Assembler::EQ, unlocked);
 
     bind(push_and_slow_path);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/g1/g1_aarch64.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/g1/g1_aarch64.ad
index 18fc27a4af4..375a0a89760 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/g1/g1_aarch64.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/g1/g1_aarch64.ad
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ instruct g1CompareAndExchangeP(iRegPNoSp res, indirect mem, iRegP oldval, iRegP
                       RegSet::of($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register) /* preserve */,
                       RegSet::of($res$$Register) /* no_preserve */);
     __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::xword,
-               false /* acquire */, true /* release */, false /* weak */, $res$$Register);
+               memory_order_release, $res$$Register);
     write_barrier_post(masm, this,
                        $mem$$Register /* store_addr */,
                        $newval$$Register /* new_val */,
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ instruct g1CompareAndExchangePAcq(iRegPNoSp res, indirect mem, iRegP oldval, iRe
                       RegSet::of($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register) /* preserve */,
                       RegSet::of($res$$Register) /* no_preserve */);
     __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::xword,
-               true /* acquire */, true /* release */, false /* weak */, $res$$Register);
+               memory_order_seq_cst, $res$$Register);
     write_barrier_post(masm, this,
                        $mem$$Register /* store_addr */,
                        $newval$$Register /* new_val */,
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ instruct g1CompareAndExchangeN(iRegNNoSp res, indirect mem, iRegN oldval, iRegN
                       RegSet::of($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register) /* preserve */,
                       RegSet::of($res$$Register) /* no_preserve */);
     __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::word,
-               false /* acquire */, true /* release */, false /* weak */, $res$$Register);
+               memory_order_release, $res$$Register);
     __ decode_heap_oop($tmp1$$Register, $newval$$Register);
     write_barrier_post(masm, this,
                        $mem$$Register /* store_addr */,
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ instruct g1CompareAndExchangeNAcq(iRegNNoSp res, indirect mem, iRegN oldval, iRe
                       RegSet::of($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register) /* preserve */,
                       RegSet::of($res$$Register) /* no_preserve */);
     __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::word,
-               true /* acquire */, true /* release */, false /* weak */, $res$$Register);
+               memory_order_seq_cst, $res$$Register);
     __ decode_heap_oop($tmp1$$Register, $newval$$Register);
     write_barrier_post(masm, this,
                        $mem$$Register /* store_addr */,
@@ -409,8 +409,7 @@ instruct g1CompareAndSwapP(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegP newval, iRegPNoSp
                       $tmp2$$Register /* tmp2 */,
                       RegSet::of($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register) /* preserve */,
                       RegSet::of($res$$Register) /* no_preserve */);
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::xword,
-               false /* acquire */, true /* release */, false /* weak */, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::xword, memory_order_release);
     __ cset($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
     write_barrier_post(masm, this,
                        $mem$$Register /* store_addr */,
@@ -442,8 +441,7 @@ instruct g1CompareAndSwapPAcq(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegP newval, iRegPNo
                       $tmp2$$Register /* tmp2 */,
                       RegSet::of($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register) /* preserve */,
                       RegSet::of($res$$Register) /* no_preserve */);
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::xword,
-               true /* acquire */, true /* release */, false /* weak */, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::xword, memory_order_seq_cst);
     __ cset($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
     write_barrier_post(masm, this,
                        $mem$$Register /* store_addr */,
@@ -475,8 +473,7 @@ instruct g1CompareAndSwapN(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegN newval, iRegPNoSp
                       $tmp3$$Register /* tmp2 */,
                       RegSet::of($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register) /* preserve */,
                       RegSet::of($res$$Register) /* no_preserve */);
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::word,
-               false /* acquire */, true /* release */, false /* weak */, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::word, memory_order_release);
     __ cset($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
     __ decode_heap_oop($tmp1$$Register, $newval$$Register);
     write_barrier_post(masm, this,
@@ -509,8 +506,7 @@ instruct g1CompareAndSwapNAcq(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegN newval, iRegPNo
                       $tmp3$$Register /* tmp2 */,
                       RegSet::of($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register) /* preserve */,
                       RegSet::of($res$$Register) /* no_preserve */);
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::word,
-               true /* acquire */, true /* release */, false /* weak */, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::word, memory_order_seq_cst);
     __ cset($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
     __ decode_heap_oop($tmp1$$Register, $newval$$Register);
     write_barrier_post(masm, this,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/g1/g1_aarch64.m4 b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/g1/g1_aarch64.m4
index 8fb1f7e8e42..63b464ceb8c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/g1/g1_aarch64.m4
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/g1/g1_aarch64.m4
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ instruct g1CompareAndExchangeP$1(iRegPNoSp res, indirect mem, iRegP oldval, iReg
                       RegSet::of($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register) /* preserve */,
                       RegSet::of($res$$Register) /* no_preserve */);
     __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::xword,
-               $3 /* acquire */, true /* release */, false /* weak */, $res$$Register);
+               ifelse($1,Acq,memory_order_seq_cst,memory_order_release), $res$$Register);
     write_barrier_post(masm, this,
                        $mem$$Register /* store_addr */,
                        $newval$$Register /* new_val */,
@@ -160,8 +160,8 @@ instruct g1CompareAndExchangeP$1(iRegPNoSp res, indirect mem, iRegP oldval, iReg
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}')dnl
-CAEP_INSN(,,false)
-CAEP_INSN(Acq,_acq,true)
+CAEP_INSN(,)
+CAEP_INSN(Acq,_acq)
 dnl
 define(`CAEN_INSN',
 `
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ instruct g1CompareAndExchangeN$1(iRegNNoSp res, indirect mem, iRegN oldval, iReg
                       RegSet::of($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register) /* preserve */,
                       RegSet::of($res$$Register) /* no_preserve */);
     __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::word,
-               $3 /* acquire */, true /* release */, false /* weak */, $res$$Register);
+               ifelse($1,Acq,memory_order_seq_cst,memory_order_release), $res$$Register);
     __ decode_heap_oop($tmp1$$Register, $newval$$Register);
     write_barrier_post(masm, this,
                        $mem$$Register /* store_addr */,
@@ -195,8 +195,8 @@ instruct g1CompareAndExchangeN$1(iRegNNoSp res, indirect mem, iRegN oldval, iReg
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}')dnl
-CAEN_INSN(,,false)
-CAEN_INSN(Acq,_acq,true)
+CAEN_INSN(,)
+CAEN_INSN(Acq,_acq)
 dnl
 define(`CASP_INSN',
 `
@@ -221,8 +221,7 @@ instruct g1CompareAndSwapP$1(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegP newval, iRegPNoS
                       $tmp2$$Register /* tmp2 */,
                       RegSet::of($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register) /* preserve */,
                       RegSet::of($res$$Register) /* no_preserve */);
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::xword,
-               $3 /* acquire */, true /* release */, false /* weak */, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::xword, ifelse($1,Acq,memory_order_seq_cst,memory_order_release));
     __ cset($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
     write_barrier_post(masm, this,
                        $mem$$Register /* store_addr */,
@@ -232,8 +231,8 @@ instruct g1CompareAndSwapP$1(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegP newval, iRegPNoS
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}')dnl
-CASP_INSN(,,false)
-CASP_INSN(Acq,_acq,true)
+CASP_INSN(,)
+CASP_INSN(Acq,_acq)
 dnl
 define(`CASN_INSN',
 `
@@ -258,8 +257,7 @@ instruct g1CompareAndSwapN$1(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegN newval, iRegPNoS
                       $tmp3$$Register /* tmp2 */,
                       RegSet::of($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register) /* preserve */,
                       RegSet::of($res$$Register) /* no_preserve */);
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::word,
-               $3 /* acquire */, true /* release */, false /* weak */, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval$$Register, $newval$$Register, Assembler::word, ifelse($1,Acq,memory_order_seq_cst,memory_order_release));
     __ cset($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
     __ decode_heap_oop($tmp1$$Register, $newval$$Register);
     write_barrier_post(masm, this,
@@ -270,8 +268,8 @@ instruct g1CompareAndSwapN$1(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegN newval, iRegPNoS
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}')dnl
-CASN_INSN(,,false)
-CASN_INSN(Acq,_acq,true)
+CASN_INSN(,)
+CASN_INSN(Acq,_acq)
 dnl
 define(`XCHGP_INSN',
 `
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index bc8af2354c8..7406aa0c1c4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -597,8 +597,14 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::compare_and_set_c2(const MachNode* node, Mac
 
   ShenandoahBarrierStubC2::load_store_pre(masm, node, addr, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, narrow);
 
+  atomic_memory_order order = acquire ? memory_order_seq_cst : memory_order_release;
+
   // CAS!
-  __ cmpxchg(addr, oldval, newval, op_size, acquire, /* release */ true, weak, exchange ? res : noreg);
+  if (weak) {
+    __ cmpxchg_weak(addr, oldval, newval, op_size, order, exchange ? res : noreg);
+  } else {
+    __ cmpxchg(addr, oldval, newval, op_size, order, exchange ? res : noreg);
+  }
 
   // If we need a boolean result out of CAS, set the flag appropriately and promote the result.
   if (!exchange) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 1eb96cdb6e7..7c320d835e7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -283,10 +283,7 @@ void ZBarrierSetAssembler::store_barrier_medium(MacroAssembler* masm,
     // If we get this far, we know there is a young raw null value in the field.
     __ relocate(barrier_Relocation::spec(), ZBarrierRelocationFormatStoreGoodBeforeMov);
     __ movzw(rtmp1, barrier_Relocation::unpatched);
-    __ cmpxchg(rtmp2, zr, rtmp1,
-               Assembler::xword,
-               false /* acquire */, false /* release */, true /* weak */,
-               rtmp3);
+    __ cmpxchg_weak(rtmp2, zr, rtmp1, Assembler::xword, memory_order_relaxed, rtmp3);
     __ br(Assembler::NE, slow_path);
 
     __ bind(slow_path_continuation);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/z/z_aarch64.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/z/z_aarch64.ad
index ad2e9243823..74e0395c81e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/z/z_aarch64.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/z/z_aarch64.ad
@@ -207,8 +207,7 @@ instruct zCompareAndSwapP(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegP oldval, iRegP newva
     Address ref_addr($mem$$Register);
     z_store_barrier(masm, this, ref_addr, $newval$$Register, $newval_tmp$$Register, rscratch2, true /* is_atomic */);
     z_color(masm, this, $oldval_tmp$$Register, $oldval$$Register);
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval_tmp$$Register, $newval_tmp$$Register, Assembler::xword,
-               false /* acquire */, true /* release */, false /* weak */, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval_tmp$$Register, $newval_tmp$$Register, Assembler::xword, memory_order_release);
     __ cset($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
 
@@ -231,8 +230,7 @@ instruct zCompareAndSwapPAcq(iRegINoSp res, indirect mem, iRegP oldval, iRegP ne
     Address ref_addr($mem$$Register);
     z_store_barrier(masm, this, ref_addr, $newval$$Register, $newval_tmp$$Register, rscratch2, true /* is_atomic */);
     z_color(masm, this, $oldval_tmp$$Register, $oldval$$Register);
-    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval_tmp$$Register, $newval_tmp$$Register, Assembler::xword,
-               true /* acquire */, true /* release */, false /* weak */, noreg);
+    __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval_tmp$$Register, $newval_tmp$$Register, Assembler::xword, memory_order_seq_cst);
     __ cset($res$$Register, Assembler::EQ);
   %}
 
@@ -255,7 +253,7 @@ instruct zCompareAndExchangeP(iRegPNoSp res, indirect mem, iRegP oldval, iRegP n
     z_store_barrier(masm, this, ref_addr, $newval$$Register, $newval_tmp$$Register, rscratch2, true /* is_atomic */);
     z_color(masm, this, $oldval_tmp$$Register, $oldval$$Register);
     __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval_tmp$$Register, $newval_tmp$$Register, Assembler::xword,
-               false /* acquire */, true /* release */, false /* weak */, $res$$Register);
+               memory_order_release, $res$$Register);
     z_uncolor(masm, this, $res$$Register);
   %}
 
@@ -278,7 +276,7 @@ instruct zCompareAndExchangePAcq(iRegPNoSp res, indirect mem, iRegP oldval, iReg
     z_store_barrier(masm, this, ref_addr, $newval$$Register, $newval_tmp$$Register, rscratch2, true /* is_atomic */);
     z_color(masm, this, $oldval_tmp$$Register, $oldval$$Register);
     __ cmpxchg($mem$$Register, $oldval_tmp$$Register, $newval_tmp$$Register, Assembler::xword,
-               true /* acquire */, true /* release */, false /* weak */, $res$$Register);
+               memory_order_seq_cst, $res$$Register);
     z_uncolor(masm, this, $res$$Register);
   %}
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 1c052b67503..d5e220fd4a3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -2231,8 +2231,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::profile_receiver_type(Register recv, Register mdp, int mdp_
   // offset is no longer needed after the address is computed.
 
   lea(rscratch2, Address(mdp, offset));
-  cmpxchg(/*addr*/ rscratch2, /*expected*/ zr, /*new*/ recv, Assembler::xword,
-          /*acquire*/ false, /*release*/ false, /*weak*/ true, noreg);
+  cmpxchg_weak(/*addr*/ rscratch2, /*expected*/ zr, /*new*/ recv, Assembler::xword, memory_order_relaxed);
 
   // CAS success means the slot now has the receiver we want. CAS failure means
   // something had claimed the slot concurrently: it can be the same receiver we want,
@@ -3494,9 +3493,33 @@ void MacroAssembler::reinit_heapbase()
 void MacroAssembler::cmpxchg(Register addr, Register expected,
                              Register new_val,
                              enum operand_size size,
-                             bool acquire, bool release,
+                             enum atomic_memory_order order,
                              bool weak,
                              Register result) {
+  bool acquire, release;
+
+  switch (order) {
+    case memory_order_relaxed:
+      acquire = false;
+      release = false;
+      break;
+    case memory_order_acquire:
+      acquire = true;
+      release = false;
+      break;
+    case memory_order_release:
+      acquire = false;
+      release = true;
+      break;
+    case memory_order_acq_rel:
+    case memory_order_seq_cst:
+      acquire = true;
+      release = true;
+      break;
+    default:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+
   if (result == noreg)  result = rscratch1;
   BLOCK_COMMENT("cmpxchg {");
   if (UseLSE) {
@@ -7180,8 +7203,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register basic_lock, Register obj, Register t1, R
   assert(oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes() == 0, "required to avoid lea");
   orr(mark, mark, markWord::unlocked_value);
   eor(t, mark, markWord::unlocked_value);
-  cmpxchg(/*addr*/ obj, /*expected*/ mark, /*new*/ t, Assembler::xword,
-          /*acquire*/ true, /*release*/ false, /*weak*/ false, noreg);
+  cmpxchg(/*addr*/ obj, /*expected*/ mark, /*new*/ t, Assembler::xword, memory_order_acquire);
   br(Assembler::NE, slow);
 
   bind(push);
@@ -7249,8 +7271,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::fast_unlock(Register obj, Register t1, Register t2, Registe
   // Try to unlock. Transition lock bits 0b00 => 0b01
   assert(oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes() == 0, "required to avoid lea");
   orr(t, mark, markWord::unlocked_value);
-  cmpxchg(obj, mark, t, Assembler::xword,
-          /*acquire*/ false, /*release*/ true, /*weak*/ false, noreg);
+  cmpxchg(obj, mark, t, Assembler::xword, memory_order_release);
   br(Assembler::EQ, unlocked);
 
   bind(push_and_slow);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
index 8f1e662765e..9c722cd297e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "metaprogramming/enableIf.hpp"
 #include "oops/compressedOops.hpp"
 #include "oops/compressedKlass.hpp"
+#include "runtime/atomicAccess.hpp"
 #include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
@@ -1239,12 +1240,25 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
     str(rscratch1, adr);
   }
 
+private:
   // A generic CAS; success or failure is in the EQ flag.
   // Clobbers rscratch1
   void cmpxchg(Register addr, Register expected, Register new_val,
-               enum operand_size size,
-               bool acquire, bool release, bool weak,
-               Register result);
+               enum operand_size size, enum atomic_memory_order order,
+               bool weak, Register result);
+
+public:
+  void cmpxchg(Register addr, Register expected, Register new_val,
+               enum operand_size size, enum atomic_memory_order order,
+               Register result = noreg) {
+    cmpxchg(addr, expected, new_val, size, order, /* weak */ false, result);
+  }
+
+  void cmpxchg_weak(Register addr, Register expected, Register new_val,
+                    enum operand_size size, enum atomic_memory_order order,
+                    Register result = noreg) {
+    cmpxchg(addr, expected, new_val, size, order, /* weak */ true, result);
+  }
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
   // Template short-hand support to clean-up after a failed call to trampoline

From 0c209afd4f9f669490ef6e07ac582fbc0a6cb649 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 1 Jul 2026 12:44:51 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 128/707] 8387265: G1: Shutdown during concurrent cycle leaves
 SATB queues in inconsistent state

Reviewed-by: aboldtch, ayang
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp   |  3 ++
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp  | 20 +++++++++++++
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp  |  2 ++
 .../share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.hpp    |  3 +-
 .../gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.inline.hpp   | 10 +++----
 .../share/gc/g1/g1SATBMarkQueueSet.cpp        |  9 +-----
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1VMOperations.cpp    | 30 +++++++++++++++----
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1VMOperations.hpp    | 14 ++++++++-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmOperation.hpp     |  1 +
 9 files changed, 71 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
index 7396c1ee9ce..eaa6afb5efa 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
@@ -1654,6 +1654,9 @@ void G1CollectedHeap::stop() {
   // that are destroyed during shutdown.
   _cr->stop();
   _service_thread->stop();
+  VM_G1StopMarking op;
+  VMThread::execute(&op);
+
   _cm->stop();
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp
index 11c93b092b1..6f9e4e2e9cf 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp
@@ -2036,6 +2036,26 @@ void G1ConcurrentMark::print_stats() {
   }
 }
 
+bool G1ConcurrentMark::shutdown_cleanup_needed() const {
+  // Cleanup (aborting threads, setting abort flags) is needed throughout the whole cycle before
+  // stopping the CM thread.
+  return is_fully_initialized() && is_in_concurrent_cycle();
+}
+
+void G1ConcurrentMark::shutdown_concurrent_cycle() {
+  assert_at_safepoint_on_vm_thread();
+
+  abort_root_region_scan_at_safepoint();
+  abort_marking_threads();
+
+  SATBMarkQueueSet& satb_mq_set = G1BarrierSet::satb_mark_queue_set();
+  satb_mq_set.abandon_partial_marking();
+  // This can be called either during or outside marking, we'll read
+  // the expected_active value from the SATB queue set.
+  satb_mq_set.set_active_all_threads(false, /* new active value */
+                                     satb_mq_set.is_active() /* expected_active */);
+}
+
 bool G1ConcurrentMark::concurrent_cycle_abort() {
   assert_at_safepoint_on_vm_thread();
   assert(_g1h->collector_state()->is_in_full_gc(), "must be");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp
index 21518423957..73dabc12863 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp
@@ -608,6 +608,8 @@ class G1ConcurrentMark : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   bool mark_stack_empty() const                 { return _global_mark_stack.is_empty(); }
 
   void concurrent_cycle_start();
+  bool shutdown_cleanup_needed() const;
+  void shutdown_concurrent_cycle();
   // Abandon current marking iteration due to a Full GC.
   bool concurrent_cycle_abort();
   void concurrent_cycle_end(bool mark_cycle_completed);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.hpp
index a22442c2b7f..a1c684ecf59 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.hpp
@@ -50,7 +50,8 @@ class G1ConcurrentMarkThread: public ConcurrentGCThread {
 
   Atomic<ServiceState> _state;
 
-  ServiceState state() const { return _state.load_relaxed(); }
+  ServiceState state() const { return _state.load_acquire(); }
+  void set_state(ServiceState new_state) { _state.release_store(new_state); }
 
   // Returns whether we are in a "Full" cycle.
   bool is_in_full_concurrent_cycle() const;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.inline.hpp
index bea6fe4e451..3225c253dbb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.inline.hpp
@@ -48,31 +48,31 @@ inline bool G1ConcurrentMarkThread::is_in_full_concurrent_cycle() const {
 inline void G1ConcurrentMarkThread::set_idle() {
   // Concurrent cycle may be aborted any time.
   assert(!is_idle(), "must not be idle");
-  _state.store_relaxed(Idle);
+  set_state(Idle);
 }
 
 inline void G1ConcurrentMarkThread::start_full_cycle() {
   assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "must be");
   assert(is_idle(), "cycle in progress");
-  _state.store_relaxed(FullCycleMarking);
+  set_state(FullCycleMarking);
 }
 
 inline void G1ConcurrentMarkThread::start_undo_cycle() {
   assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "must be");
   assert(is_idle(), "cycle in progress");
-  _state.store_relaxed(UndoCycleResetForNextCycle);
+  set_state(UndoCycleResetForNextCycle);
 }
 
 inline void G1ConcurrentMarkThread::set_full_cycle_rebuild_and_scrub() {
   assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "must be");
   assert(state() == FullCycleMarking, "must be");
-  _state.store_relaxed(FullCycleRebuildOrScrub);
+  set_state(FullCycleRebuildOrScrub);
 }
 
 inline void G1ConcurrentMarkThread::set_full_cycle_reset_for_next_cycle() {
   assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "must be");
   assert(state() == FullCycleRebuildOrScrub, "must be");
-  _state.store_relaxed(FullCycleResetForNextCycle);
+  set_state(FullCycleResetForNextCycle);
 }
 
 inline bool G1ConcurrentMarkThread::is_in_marking() const {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SATBMarkQueueSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SATBMarkQueueSet.cpp
index 7553936bb26..b913bdc2525 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SATBMarkQueueSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SATBMarkQueueSet.cpp
@@ -114,12 +114,5 @@ class G1SATBMarkQueueFilterFn {
 };
 
 void G1SATBMarkQueueSet::filter(SATBMarkQueue& queue) {
-  G1CollectedHeap* g1h = G1CollectedHeap::heap();
-  if (g1h->collector_state()->is_in_marking()) {
-    apply_filter(G1SATBMarkQueueFilterFn(), queue);
-  } else {
-    // is_in_marking() covers both the concurrent marking and the Remark pause. Outside
-    // of that, there can be no entry that requires SATB marking.
-    queue.set_empty();
-  }
+  apply_filter(G1SATBMarkQueueFilterFn(), queue);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1VMOperations.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1VMOperations.cpp
index 86e55e8ac4f..373ec9660da 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1VMOperations.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1VMOperations.cpp
@@ -130,8 +130,13 @@ void VM_G1CollectForAllocation::doit() {
 }
 
 void VM_G1PauseConcurrent::doit() {
-  GCIdMark gc_id_mark(_gc_id);
   G1CollectedHeap* g1h = G1CollectedHeap::heap();
+  if (_is_shutting_down) {
+    g1h->concurrent_mark()->shutdown_concurrent_cycle();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  GCIdMark gc_id_mark(_gc_id);
   GCTraceCPUTime tcpu(g1h->concurrent_mark()->gc_tracer_cm());
 
   // GCTraceTime(...) only supports sub-phases, so a more verbose version
@@ -150,12 +155,9 @@ void VM_G1PauseConcurrent::doit() {
 bool VM_G1PauseConcurrent::doit_prologue() {
   Heap_lock->lock();
   G1CollectedHeap* g1h = G1CollectedHeap::heap();
-  if (g1h->is_shutting_down()) {
+  _is_shutting_down = g1h->is_shutting_down();
+  if (_is_shutting_down && !g1h->concurrent_mark()->shutdown_cleanup_needed()) {
     Heap_lock->unlock();
-    // JVM shutdown has started. Abort concurrent marking to ensure that any further
-    // concurrent VM operations will not try to start and interfere with the shutdown
-    // process.
-    g1h->concurrent_mark()->abort_marking_threads();
     return false;
   }
   return true;
@@ -177,3 +179,19 @@ void VM_G1PauseCleanup::work() {
   G1ConcurrentMark* cm = G1CollectedHeap::heap()->concurrent_mark();
   cm->cleanup();
 }
+
+bool VM_G1StopMarking::doit_prologue() {
+  G1CollectedHeap* g1h = G1CollectedHeap::heap();
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  {
+    MutexLocker ml(Heap_lock);
+    assert(g1h->is_shutting_down(), "must be");
+  }
+#endif
+  return g1h->concurrent_mark()->shutdown_cleanup_needed();
+}
+
+void VM_G1StopMarking::doit() {
+  G1ConcurrentMark* cm = G1CollectedHeap::heap()->concurrent_mark();
+  cm->shutdown_concurrent_cycle();
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1VMOperations.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1VMOperations.hpp
index 458d638b04e..7d56ea1916f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1VMOperations.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1VMOperations.hpp
@@ -80,11 +80,12 @@ class VM_G1CollectForAllocation : public VM_CollectForAllocation {
 // Concurrent G1 stop-the-world operations such as remark and cleanup.
 class VM_G1PauseConcurrent : public VM_Operation {
   uint         _gc_id;
+  bool         _is_shutting_down;
   const char*  _message;
 
 protected:
   VM_G1PauseConcurrent(const char* message) :
-    _gc_id(GCId::current()), _message(message) { }
+    _gc_id(GCId::current()), _is_shutting_down(false), _message(message) { }
   virtual void work() = 0;
 
   // Does this concurrent pause affect the memory pools? If so, update the collectionUsage()
@@ -116,4 +117,15 @@ class VM_G1PauseCleanup : public VM_G1PauseConcurrent {
   void work() override;
 };
 
+class VM_G1StopMarking : public VM_Operation {
+public:
+  VM_G1StopMarking() : VM_Operation() { }
+  VMOp_Type type() const override { return VMOp_G1StopMarking; }
+
+  bool doit_prologue() override;
+  void doit() override;
+
+  bool is_gc_operation() const override { return true; }
+};
+
 #endif // SHARE_GC_G1_G1VMOPERATIONS_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmOperation.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmOperation.hpp
index e22d11cf1a8..af9aa68c7ec 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmOperation.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmOperation.hpp
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@
   template(G1PauseCleanup)                        \
   template(G1TryInitiateConcMark)                 \
   template(G1RendezvousGCThreads)                 \
+  template(G1StopMarking)                         \
   template(ZMarkEndOld)                           \
   template(ZMarkEndYoung)                         \
   template(ZMarkFlushOperation)                   \

From 3f52251c9d82991b14f0bbf34c81627911b0fdbf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Andreas Chmielewski <achmielewski@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 1 Jul 2026 20:32:46 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 129/707] 8387124: Incomplete algorithm decomposition for TLS
 1.3 cipher suites in SSLAlgorithmDecomposer

Reviewed-by: abarashev, mullan
---
 .../security/ssl/SSLAlgorithmDecomposer.java  |  10 +
 .../BulkCipherDisabledAlgorithms.java         | 218 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../TLS13BulkCipherDisabledCipherSuite.java   |  79 +++++++
 3 files changed, 307 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/javax/net/ssl/ciphersuites/BulkCipherDisabledAlgorithms.java
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/sun/security/ssl/CipherSuite/TLS13BulkCipherDisabledCipherSuite.java

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/SSLAlgorithmDecomposer.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/SSLAlgorithmDecomposer.java
index 565ed8f6128..61b1236e9bc 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/SSLAlgorithmDecomposer.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/SSLAlgorithmDecomposer.java
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2015, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -172,9 +173,18 @@ private Set<String> decomposes(SSLCipher bulkCipher) {
             case B_AES_128_GCM:
                 components.add("AES_128_GCM");
                 break;
+            case B_AES_128_GCM_IV:
+                components.add("AES_128_GCM");
+                break;
             case B_AES_256_GCM:
                 components.add("AES_256_GCM");
                 break;
+            case B_AES_256_GCM_IV:
+                components.add("AES_256_GCM");
+                break;
+            case B_CC20_P1305:
+                components.add("CHACHA20_POLY1305");
+                break;
         }
 
         return components;
diff --git a/test/jdk/javax/net/ssl/ciphersuites/BulkCipherDisabledAlgorithms.java b/test/jdk/javax/net/ssl/ciphersuites/BulkCipherDisabledAlgorithms.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..11f3efb1518
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/javax/net/ssl/ciphersuites/BulkCipherDisabledAlgorithms.java
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8387124
+ * @summary Test TLS cipher suite disabling via jdk.tls.disabledAlgorithms,
+ *          including matching on bulk cipher components, covering both
+ *          visibility and handshake behavior.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ *          /javax/net/ssl/TLSCommon
+ *          /javax/net/ssl/templates
+ * @run main/othervm BulkCipherDisabledAlgorithms visibility
+ * @run main/othervm BulkCipherDisabledAlgorithms handshake
+ */
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import javax.net.ssl.*;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.process.Proc;
+
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+import java.security.Security;
+
+public class BulkCipherDisabledAlgorithms {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        if (args.length == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing mode argument");
+        }
+
+        String mode = args[0];
+        boolean isVisibilityTest = "visibility".equals(mode);
+        boolean isHandshakeTest = "handshake".equals(mode);
+
+        if (args.length == 1) {
+            List<String[]> tests = buildTests(isVisibilityTest);
+
+            for (String[] test : tests) {
+                String suite = test[0];
+                String disabled = test[1];
+                String expected = test[2];
+
+                System.out.println("=================================================");
+                System.out.println("Testing: " + mode +
+                        ", suite=" + suite +
+                        ", disabled=" + disabled +
+                        ", expected=" + expected);
+
+                Proc p = Proc.create(
+                        BulkCipherDisabledAlgorithms.class.getName())
+                        .args(mode, suite, expected)
+                        .secprop("jdk.tls.disabledAlgorithms", disabled)
+                        .inheritIO();
+
+                p.start().waitFor(0);
+            }
+
+            System.out.println("TEST PASS - OK");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        String suite = args[1];
+        String expected = args[2];
+        boolean expectedDisabled = "disabled".equals(expected);
+
+        if (isVisibilityTest) {
+            testCipherSuiteVisibility(suite, expectedDisabled);
+        }
+
+        if (isHandshakeTest) {
+            testHandshake(suite, expectedDisabled);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Returns cipher suites for testing.
+    // - true: use all supported suites (independent of disabledAlgorithms)
+    // - false: use default enabled suites (candidates for handshake)
+    private static CipherSuite[] getCipherSuites(boolean useSupportedSuites)
+            throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
+        SSLEngine engine = SSLContext.getDefault().createSSLEngine();
+        String[] suites = useSupportedSuites
+                ? engine.getSupportedCipherSuites()
+                : engine.getEnabledCipherSuites();
+
+        return Arrays.stream(suites)
+                .map(CipherSuite::cipherSuite)
+                .filter(cs -> cs != CipherSuite.TLS_EMPTY_RENEGOTIATION_INFO_SCSV)
+                .toArray(CipherSuite[]::new);
+    }
+
+    private static List<String[]> buildTests(boolean useSupportedSuites)
+            throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
+        if (useSupportedSuites) {
+            // disabledAlgorithms limits supported suites; clear to list all
+            Security.setProperty("jdk.tls.disabledAlgorithms", "");
+        }
+
+        List<String[]> tests = new ArrayList<>();
+        CipherSuite[] suites = getCipherSuites(useSupportedSuites);
+
+        for (CipherSuite suite : suites) {
+            String suiteName = suite.name();
+            String bulk = extractBulkCipher(suiteName);
+
+            tests.add(new String[] { suiteName, suiteName, "disabled" });
+            tests.add(new String[] { suiteName, bulk, "disabled" });
+
+            for (CipherSuite other : suites) {
+                // Negative test case: disable a different bulk cipher than the one
+                // used by the current suite. This ensures that the suite remains
+                // enabled and a successful TLS handshake can still be negotiated.
+                if (other == suite) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                String otherBulk = extractBulkCipher(other.name());
+
+                if (!bulk.equals(otherBulk)
+                        && !suiteName.contains(otherBulk)) {
+                    tests.add(new String[] { suiteName, otherBulk, "enabled" });
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return tests;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Separator used in TLS cipher suite names to mark the start of
+     * the bulk cipher component (e.g. TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA).
+     */
+    private static final String WITH = "_WITH_";
+
+    private static String extractBulkCipher(String suite) {
+        if (suite.contains(WITH)) {
+            String after = suite.substring(suite.indexOf(WITH) + WITH.length());
+            int last = after.lastIndexOf('_');
+            return after.substring(0, last);
+        } else {
+            int first = suite.indexOf('_');
+            int last = suite.lastIndexOf('_');
+            return suite.substring(first + 1, last);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void testCipherSuiteVisibility(String suite, boolean expectedDisabled)
+            throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
+        boolean visible = Arrays.asList(getCipherSuites(true))
+                .contains(CipherSuite.cipherSuite(suite));
+
+        if (!expectedDisabled && !visible) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(
+                    "Cipher suite '" + suite + "' not visible but expected to be enabled");
+        } else if (expectedDisabled && visible) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(
+                    "Cipher suite '" + suite + "' visible but expected to be disabled");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void testHandshake(String suite, boolean expectedDisabled) throws Exception {
+        try {
+            new TLSHandshakeTest(suite).run();
+
+            if (expectedDisabled) {
+                throw new RuntimeException(
+                        "Handshake succeeded but should fail: " + suite);
+            }
+        } catch (SSLHandshakeException e) {
+            if (!expectedDisabled) {
+                throw new RuntimeException(
+                        "Handshake failed unexpectedly: " + suite, e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static class TLSHandshakeTest extends SSLSocketTemplate {
+        private final String suite;
+
+        TLSHandshakeTest(String suite) {
+            this.suite = suite;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void configureClientSocket(SSLSocket socket) {
+            socket.setEnabledCipherSuites(new String[] { suite });
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void configureServerSocket(SSLServerSocket socket) {
+            socket.setEnabledCipherSuites(new String[] { suite });
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/security/ssl/CipherSuite/TLS13BulkCipherDisabledCipherSuite.java b/test/jdk/sun/security/ssl/CipherSuite/TLS13BulkCipherDisabledCipherSuite.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..87a6f156152
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/security/ssl/CipherSuite/TLS13BulkCipherDisabledCipherSuite.java
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8387124
+ * @summary Test disabling TLS 1.3 cipher suites with bulk ciphers names
+ * @run testng/othervm TLS13BulkCipherDisabledCipherSuite
+ */
+
+import static org.testng.AssertJUnit.assertTrue;
+
+import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
+import org.testng.annotations.Test;
+
+import java.security.Security;
+import java.util.List;
+
+public class TLS13BulkCipherDisabledCipherSuite extends AbstractDisableCipherSuites {
+
+    private static final String SECURITY_PROPERTY = "jdk.tls.disabledAlgorithms";
+    private static final String TEST_ALGORITHMS = "AES_256_GCM,"
+            + " AES_128_GCM,"
+            + " CHACHA20_POLY1305";
+    private static final String[] CIPHER_SUITES = new String[] {
+            "TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384",
+            "TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256",
+            "TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256"
+    };
+    static final List<Integer> CIPHER_SUITES_IDS = List.of(
+            0x1301,
+            0x1302,
+            0x1303);
+
+    @Override
+    protected String getProtocol() {
+        return "TLSv1.3";
+    }
+
+    @BeforeTest
+    void setUp() throws Exception {
+        Security.setProperty(SECURITY_PROPERTY, TEST_ALGORITHMS);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testDefault() throws Exception {
+        assertTrue(testDefaultCase(CIPHER_SUITES_IDS));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testAddDisabled() throws Exception {
+        assertTrue(testEngAddDisabled(CIPHER_SUITES, CIPHER_SUITES_IDS));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnlyDisabled() throws Exception {
+        assertTrue(testEngOnlyDisabled(CIPHER_SUITES));
+    }
+}

From 568bb44750e5a967c233277525c975aec2e88bd3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ashay Rane <arane@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 2 Jul 2026 02:21:09 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 130/707] 8386807: com/sun/jndi/ldap/Connection.java references
 the wrong exception

Reviewed-by: dfuchs
---
 .../share/classes/com/sun/jndi/ldap/Connection.java    | 10 ++++++++--
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.naming/share/classes/com/sun/jndi/ldap/Connection.java b/src/java.naming/share/classes/com/sun/jndi/ldap/Connection.java
index 1e0a924f12c..3bbebf5f9d7 100644
--- a/src/java.naming/share/classes/com/sun/jndi/ldap/Connection.java
+++ b/src/java.naming/share/classes/com/sun/jndi/ldap/Connection.java
@@ -1173,8 +1173,14 @@ public void handshakeCompleted(HandshakeCompletedEvent event) {
                 tlsHandshakeCompleted.complete(tlsServerCert);
             } catch (SSLPeerUnverifiedException ex) {
                 CommunicationException ce = new CommunicationException();
-                ce.setRootCause(closureReason);
-                tlsHandshakeCompleted.completeExceptionally(ex);
+                IOException priorFailure = closureReason;
+                if (priorFailure != null) {
+                    ce.setRootCause(priorFailure);
+                    ce.addSuppressed(ex);
+                } else {
+                    ce.setRootCause(ex);
+                }
+                tlsHandshakeCompleted.completeExceptionally(ce);
             }
         }
     }

From a301709aba74d2a7ca744b38b45232fd88cbfbc7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jaikiran Pai <jpai@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 2 Jul 2026 04:32:10 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 131/707] 8385924: GZIPInputStream.read() behaves differently
 on some Java versions

Reviewed-by: lancea, alanb, simonis
---
 .../java/util/zip/GZIPInputStream.java        | 166 +++++++++++++-----
 .../GZIP/GZIPInputStreamCallsAvailable.java   | 124 +++++++++++++
 .../zip/GZIP/GZIPOverBlockingStreams.java     |   3 +
 3 files changed, 251 insertions(+), 42 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/java/util/zip/GZIP/GZIPInputStreamCallsAvailable.java

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/zip/GZIPInputStream.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/zip/GZIPInputStream.java
index 88d08386e8c..8586dc7f63b 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/zip/GZIPInputStream.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/zip/GZIPInputStream.java
@@ -58,6 +58,19 @@
  * The {@link #close} method should be called to release resources used by this
  * stream, either directly, or with the {@code try}-with-resources statement.
  *
+ * @implNote
+ * After reading a member trailer, the {@linkplain #read(byte[], int, int) read} method calls
+ * {@link InputStream#available()} on the underlying stream to determine whether additional
+ * bytes are available that may represent a subsequent member. If the
+ * {@systemProperty jdk.util.gzip.tryReadAheadAfterTrailer} system property is set
+ * to {@code true}, then the call to {@code InputStream.available()} is skipped and the
+ * implementation instead attempts to read a subsequent member in the stream.
+ * {@code GZIPInputStream} depends on the return value of {@code InputStream.available()}
+ * to reliably process a stream with a series of members. Consequently, it may be necessary
+ * to set this property in environments that process streams with a series of members. By default,
+ * the {@code jdk.util.gzip.tryReadAheadAfterTrailer} system property is not set, and
+ * {@code InputStream.available()} gets called.
+ *
  * @spec https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc1952
  *       RFC 1952: GZIP file format specification version 4.3
  *
@@ -66,6 +79,12 @@
  * @since 1.1
  */
 public class GZIPInputStream extends InflaterInputStream {
+
+    // system property which configures whether we skip the call to InputStream.available()
+    // when checking for additional GZIP members in a stream
+    private static final boolean alwaysReadNextMember =
+            Boolean.getBoolean("jdk.util.gzip.tryReadAheadAfterTrailer");
+
     /**
      * GZIP header magic number.
      */
@@ -119,7 +138,11 @@ public GZIPInputStream(InputStream in, int size) throws IOException {
         super(in, createInflater(in, size), size);
         usesDefaultInflater = true;
         try {
-            readHeader(in);
+            // we don't expect the stream to be at EOF
+            // and if it is, then we want readHeader to
+            // raise an exception, so we pass "true" for
+            // the "failOnEOF" param.
+            readHeader(in, true);
         } catch (IOException ioe) {
             this.inf.end();
             throw ioe;
@@ -194,10 +217,15 @@ public int read(byte[] buf, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         }
         int n = super.read(buf, off, len);
         if (n == -1) {
-            if (readTrailer())
+            if (hasNoMoreMembers()) {
                 eos = true;
-            else
+            } else {
+                // When a next member is available, hasNoMoreMembers() will read
+                // its header and will position the stream at the next member's
+                // deflated data. We now decompress and return that member's
+                // decompressed data.
                 return this.read(buf, off, len);
+            }
         } else {
             crc.update(buf, off, n);
         }
@@ -221,12 +249,40 @@ public void close() throws IOException {
     /*
      * Reads GZIP member header and returns the total byte number
      * of this member header.
+     * If failOnEOF is false and if the given InputStream has already
+     * reached EOF when this method was invoked, then this method returns
+     * -1 (indicating that there's no GZIP member header).
+     * In all other cases of malformed header or EOF being detected
+     * when reading the header, this method will throw an IOException.
      */
-    private int readHeader(InputStream this_in) throws IOException {
-        CheckedInputStream in = new CheckedInputStream(this_in, crc);
+    private int readHeader(InputStream stream, boolean failOnEOF) throws IOException {
+        CheckedInputStream in = new CheckedInputStream(stream, crc);
         crc.reset();
+
+        int magic;
+        if (!failOnEOF) {
+            // read an unsigned short value representing the GZIP magic header.
+            // this is the same as calling readUShort(in), except that here,
+            // when reading the first byte, we don't raise an EOFException
+            // if the stream has already reached EOF.
+
+            // read unsigned byte
+            int b = in.read();
+            if (b == -1) { // EOF
+                crc.reset();
+                return -1; // represents no header bytes available
+            }
+            checkUnexpectedByte(b);
+            // read the next unsigned byte to form the unsigned
+            // short. we throw the usual EOFException/ZipException
+            // from this point on if there is no more data or
+            // the data doesn't represent a header.
+            magic = (readUByte(in) << 8) | b;
+        } else {
+            magic = readUShort(in);
+        }
         // Check header magic
-        if (readUShort(in) != GZIP_MAGIC) {
+        if (magic != GZIP_MAGIC) {
             throw new ZipException("Not in GZIP format");
         }
         // Check compression method
@@ -268,44 +324,66 @@ private int readHeader(InputStream this_in) throws IOException {
         return n;
     }
 
-    /*
-     * Reads GZIP member trailer and returns true if the eos
-     * reached, false if there are more (concatenated gzip
-     * data set)
+    /**
+     * Reads the current GZIP member's trailer and returns true if the end-of-stream is
+     * reached. After reading the current member's trailer, if the stream has a subsequent
+     * GZIP member, then this method reads that member's header and returns false indicating
+     * that there is another member in the stream.
      */
-    private boolean readTrailer() throws IOException {
-        InputStream in = this.in;
-        int n = inf.getRemaining();
-        if (n > 0) {
-            in = new SequenceInputStream(
-                        new ByteArrayInputStream(buf, len - n, n),
-                        new FilterInputStream(in) {
-                            public void close() throws IOException {}
-                        });
+    private boolean hasNoMoreMembers() throws IOException {
+        final int numRemainingInInflater = inf.getRemaining();
+        InputStream stream = this.in;
+        if (numRemainingInInflater > 0) {
+            stream = new SequenceInputStream(
+                    new ByteArrayInputStream(buf, len - numRemainingInInflater, numRemainingInInflater),
+                    new FilterInputStream(stream) {
+                        public void close() {}
+                    });
         }
+        // first read the current member's trailer
+        readTrailer(stream);
+        // decide whether to read next member's header
+        final boolean readNextMember = alwaysReadNextMember
+                || this.in.available() > 0
+                || numRemainingInInflater > 26; // current member's trailer == 8 bytes
+                                                // + minimum of 10 bytes header for next member
+                                                // + mandatory 8 bytes from next member's trailer
+                                                // == at least 26 bytes needed for next member to
+                                                // be present
+        if (!readNextMember) {
+            return true; // no need to read next member
+        }
+        // read next member's header
+        int m = 8;  // this.trailer
+        try {
+            int numNextHeaderBytes = readHeader(stream, false); // next.header (if available)
+            if (numNextHeaderBytes == -1) {
+                return true; // end of stream reached, no more members
+            }
+            m += numNextHeaderBytes;
+        } catch (IOException ze) {
+            return true;  // ignore any malformed, consider it as no more members in the stream
+        }
+        inf.reset(); // reset the inflater for fresh input data from the next member
+        if (numRemainingInInflater > m) {
+            // position the inflater's input buffer to the start of next member's deflated data
+            inf.setInput(buf, len - numRemainingInInflater + m, numRemainingInInflater - m);
+        }
+        return false; // next member exists
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads the current member's trailer
+     *
+     * @param stream the InputStream containing the trailer
+     */
+    private void readTrailer(final InputStream stream) throws IOException {
         // Uses left-to-right evaluation order
-        if ((readUInt(in) != crc.getValue()) ||
-            // rfc1952; ISIZE is the input size modulo 2^32
-            (readUInt(in) != (inf.getBytesWritten() & 0xffffffffL)))
+        if ((readUInt(stream) != crc.getValue()) ||
+                // rfc1952; ISIZE is the input size modulo 2^32
+                (readUInt(stream) != (inf.getBytesWritten() & 0xffffffffL))) {
             throw new ZipException("Corrupt GZIP trailer");
-
-        // If there are more bytes available in "in" or
-        // the leftover in the "inf" is > 26 bytes:
-        // this.trailer(8) + next.header.min(10) + next.trailer(8)
-        // try concatenated case
-        if (this.in.available() > 0 || n > 26) {
-            int m = 8;                  // this.trailer
-            try {
-                m += readHeader(in);    // next.header
-            } catch (IOException ze) {
-                return true;  // ignore any malformed, do nothing
-            }
-            inf.reset();
-            if (n > m)
-                inf.setInput(buf, len - n + m, n - m);
-            return false;
         }
-        return true;
     }
 
     /*
@@ -332,12 +410,16 @@ private int readUByte(InputStream in) throws IOException {
         if (b == -1) {
             throw new EOFException();
         }
+        checkUnexpectedByte(b);
+        return b;
+    }
+
+    private void checkUnexpectedByte(final int b) throws IOException {
         if (b < -1 || b > 255) {
-            // Report on this.in, not argument in; see read{Header, Trailer}.
+            // report the InputStream type which returned this unexpected byte
             throw new IOException(this.in.getClass().getName()
-                + ".read() returned value out of range -1..255: " + b);
+                    + ".read() returned value out of range -1..255: " + b);
         }
-        return b;
     }
 
     /*
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/zip/GZIP/GZIPInputStreamCallsAvailable.java b/test/jdk/java/util/zip/GZIP/GZIPInputStreamCallsAvailable.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e39b47dfc8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/zip/GZIP/GZIPInputStreamCallsAvailable.java
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.FilterInputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.zip.GZIPInputStream;
+import java.util.zip.GZIPOutputStream;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.RandomFactory;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.US_ASCII;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Verify the behaviour of GZIPInputStream when dealing with InputStream.available()
+ *          on the underlying stream and the jdk.util.gzip.tryReadAheadAfterTrailer
+ *          system property being enabled/disabled
+ * @key randomness
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @build jdk.test.lib.RandomFactory
+ * @run junit/othervm -Djdk.util.gzip.tryReadAheadAfterTrailer=true GZIPInputStreamCallsAvailable
+ * @run junit/othervm -Djdk.util.gzip.tryReadAheadAfterTrailer=false GZIPInputStreamCallsAvailable
+ * @run junit GZIPInputStreamCallsAvailable
+ */
+class GZIPInputStreamCallsAvailable {
+
+    private static final boolean AVAILABLE_METHOD_INVOCATION_SKIPPED =
+            Boolean.getBoolean("jdk.util.gzip.tryReadAheadAfterTrailer");
+    private static final Random random = RandomFactory.getRandom();
+
+    private record TestData(byte[] uncompressed, byte[] compressed) {
+    }
+
+    static List<Integer> numGZIPMembers() {
+        return List.of(1,
+                33,
+                random.nextInt(2, 1001) // a reasonably large number of members
+        );
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Verify that GZIPInputStream reads and returns the correct decompressed data when:
+     *  - the underlying InputStream.available() returns an accurate value
+     *  - and when the GZIPInputStream isn't expected to call the underlying InputStream.available()
+     *    method
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("numGZIPMembers")
+    void testMultipleMembers(final int numMembers) throws IOException {
+        final TestData testData = createGZIPStream(numMembers);
+        final InputStream underlyingStream = AVAILABLE_METHOD_INVOCATION_SKIPPED
+                // stream whose available() method isn't expected to be invoked
+                ? new AlwaysThrowFromAvailable(new ByteArrayInputStream(testData.compressed))
+                // stream whose available() will be invoked and returns an accurate value
+                : new ByteArrayInputStream(testData.compressed);
+        try (GZIPInputStream gzip = new GZIPInputStream(underlyingStream)) {
+            final byte[] decompressed = gzip.readAllBytes();
+            assertArrayEquals(testData.uncompressed, decompressed, "unexpected decompressed data");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Creates and returns bytes representing a GZIP stream consisting of the given number of
+     * members.
+     */
+    private static TestData createGZIPStream(final int numMembers) throws IOException {
+        final String content = "foo bar hello world from " + GZIPInputStreamCallsAvailable.class;
+        final ByteArrayOutputStream uncompressed = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        final ByteArrayOutputStream gzipped = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        for (int i = 1; i <= numMembers; i++) {
+            final ByteArrayOutputStream member = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+            try (final OutputStream gzip = new GZIPOutputStream(member)) {
+                final byte[] memberRawBytes = ("member-" + i + " " + content).getBytes(US_ASCII);
+                gzip.write(memberRawBytes);
+                // keep track of the uncompressed content too so that it can be compared for
+                // equality with the decompressed content
+                uncompressed.write(memberRawBytes);
+            }
+            // write out the GZIP member to the stream which accumulates all the members
+            gzipped.write(member.toByteArray());
+        }
+        return new TestData(uncompressed.toByteArray(), gzipped.toByteArray());
+    }
+
+    private static class AlwaysThrowFromAvailable extends FilterInputStream {
+        public AlwaysThrowFromAvailable(InputStream in) {
+            super(in);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int available() {
+            throw new AssertionError(this.getClass().getName()
+                    + ".available() wasn't expected to be invoked");
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/zip/GZIP/GZIPOverBlockingStreams.java b/test/jdk/java/util/zip/GZIP/GZIPOverBlockingStreams.java
index 81f55f2f0dd..b6dea98c28d 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/zip/GZIP/GZIPOverBlockingStreams.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/zip/GZIP/GZIPOverBlockingStreams.java
@@ -63,6 +63,9 @@
  * @library /test/lib
  * @build jdk.test.lib.net.URIBuilder jdk.test.lib.RandomFactory
  * @run junit GZIPOverBlockingStreams
+ * @comment verify it behaves the same when jdk.util.gzip.tryReadAheadAfterTrailer system property
+ *          is set to false
+ * @run junit/othervm -Djdk.util.gzip.tryReadAheadAfterTrailer=false GZIPOverBlockingStreams
  */
 class GZIPOverBlockingStreams {
 

From e1a3967870c0fc5171e41ebe686eb94c8158dfb2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Benjamin Peterson <bpeterson@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 2 Jul 2026 05:35:46 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 132/707] 8364322: (fs) fchmodat support for
 AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW flag too pessimistic on Linux

Reviewed-by: alanb
---
 .../sun/nio/fs/UnixNativeDispatcher.java      | 10 ++++----
 .../native/libnio/fs/UnixNativeDispatcher.c   | 17 +++++++------
 .../nio/file/DirectoryStream/SecureDS.java    | 24 ++++++++++++++-----
 3 files changed, 31 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/unix/classes/sun/nio/fs/UnixNativeDispatcher.java b/src/java.base/unix/classes/sun/nio/fs/UnixNativeDispatcher.java
index 2d72aeb2ee9..ed28e1a1fe7 100644
--- a/src/java.base/unix/classes/sun/nio/fs/UnixNativeDispatcher.java
+++ b/src/java.base/unix/classes/sun/nio/fs/UnixNativeDispatcher.java
@@ -555,9 +555,10 @@ static native int flistxattr(int filedes, long listAddress, int size)
     /**
      * Capabilities
      */
-    private static final int SUPPORTS_OPENAT        = 1 << 1;  // syscalls
-    private static final int SUPPORTS_XATTR         = 1 << 3;
-    private static final int SUPPORTS_BIRTHTIME     = 1 << 16; // other features
+    private static final int SUPPORTS_OPENAT            = 1 << 1;  // syscalls
+    private static final int SUPPORTS_FCHMODAT_NOFOLLOW = 1 << 2;
+    private static final int SUPPORTS_XATTR             = 1 << 3;
+    private static final int SUPPORTS_BIRTHTIME         = 1 << 16; // other features
     private static final int capabilities;
 
     /**
@@ -585,9 +586,8 @@ static boolean xattrSupported() {
      * Supports fchmodat with AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW flag
      */
     static boolean fchmodatNoFollowSupported() {
-        return fchmodatNoFollowSupported0();
+        return (capabilities & SUPPORTS_FCHMODAT_NOFOLLOW) != 0;
     }
-    private static native boolean fchmodatNoFollowSupported0();
 
     private static native int init();
     static {
diff --git a/src/java.base/unix/native/libnio/fs/UnixNativeDispatcher.c b/src/java.base/unix/native/libnio/fs/UnixNativeDispatcher.c
index 4b5cfabebfb..aba16118988 100644
--- a/src/java.base/unix/native/libnio/fs/UnixNativeDispatcher.c
+++ b/src/java.base/unix/native/libnio/fs/UnixNativeDispatcher.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -388,17 +388,16 @@ Java_sun_nio_fs_UnixNativeDispatcher_init(JNIEnv* env, jclass this)
     capabilities |= sun_nio_fs_UnixNativeDispatcher_SUPPORTS_XATTR;
 #endif
 
-    return capabilities;
-}
-
-JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
-Java_sun_nio_fs_UnixNativeDispatcher_fchmodatNoFollowSupported0(JNIEnv* env, jclass this) {
 #if defined(__linux__)
-    // Linux recognizes but does not support the AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW flag
-    return JNI_FALSE;
+    // Linux 6.6+ supports AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW. glibc 2.32+ also provides emulation for older kernels.
+    if (fchmodat(AT_FDCWD, "", 0, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) == 0 || errno != ENOTSUP) {
+        capabilities |= sun_nio_fs_UnixNativeDispatcher_SUPPORTS_FCHMODAT_NOFOLLOW;
+    }
 #else
-    return JNI_TRUE;
+    capabilities |= sun_nio_fs_UnixNativeDispatcher_SUPPORTS_FCHMODAT_NOFOLLOW;
 #endif
+
+    return capabilities;
 }
 
 JNIEXPORT jbyteArray JNICALL
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/nio/file/DirectoryStream/SecureDS.java b/test/jdk/java/nio/file/DirectoryStream/SecureDS.java
index 870a84a8927..f3321a8c04d 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/nio/file/DirectoryStream/SecureDS.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/nio/file/DirectoryStream/SecureDS.java
@@ -212,6 +212,13 @@ static void doSetPermissions(Path dir) throws IOException {
                 Path link = createSymbolicLink(aDir.resolve(linkEntry), fileEntry);
                 Set<PosixFilePermission> permsLink = getPosixFilePermissions(link, NOFOLLOW_LINKS);
 
+                // Test setting permissions on a regular file through the no-follow view
+                view = stream.getFileAttributeView(fileEntry, PosixFileAttributeView.class, NOFOLLOW_LINKS);
+                view.setPermissions(noperms);
+                assertEquals(noperms, getPosixFilePermissions(file));
+                view.setPermissions(permsFile);
+                assertEquals(permsFile, getPosixFilePermissions(file));
+
                 // Test following link to file
                 view = stream.getFileAttributeView(link, PosixFileAttributeView.class);
                 view.setPermissions(noperms);
@@ -220,14 +227,19 @@ static void doSetPermissions(Path dir) throws IOException {
                 view.setPermissions(permsFile);
                 assertEquals(permsFile, getPosixFilePermissions(file));
                 assertEquals(permsLink, getPosixFilePermissions(link, NOFOLLOW_LINKS));
-                // Symbolic link permissions do not apply on Linux
-                if (!Platform.isLinux()) {
-                    // Test not following link to file
-                    view = stream.getFileAttributeView(link, PosixFileAttributeView.class, NOFOLLOW_LINKS);
-                    view.setPermissions(noperms);
+
+                // Test not following link to file
+                var linkView = stream.getFileAttributeView(link, PosixFileAttributeView.class, NOFOLLOW_LINKS);
+                if (Platform.isLinux()) {
+                    // Symbolic link permissions do not apply on Linux
+                    assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> linkView.setPermissions(noperms));
+                    assertEquals(permsFile, getPosixFilePermissions(file));
+                    assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> linkView.setPermissions(permsLink));
+                } else {
+                    linkView.setPermissions(noperms);
                     assertEquals(permsFile, getPosixFilePermissions(file));
                     assertEquals(noperms, getPosixFilePermissions(link, NOFOLLOW_LINKS));
-                    view.setPermissions(permsLink);
+                    linkView.setPermissions(permsLink);
                     assertEquals(permsFile, getPosixFilePermissions(file));
                     assertEquals(permsLink, getPosixFilePermissions(link, NOFOLLOW_LINKS));
                 }

From db987b1e378cb337a5043a8c051f724461405296 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ivan Bereziuk <Navi.Bereziuk@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 2 Jul 2026 08:11:09 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 133/707] 8386474: Aarch64: Correct static_assert((N & (N - 1))
 == 0

Co-authored-by: Ferenc Rakoczi <ferenc.r.rakoczi@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: adinn, semery
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/register_aarch64.hpp      |  9 +++++----
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp | 12 ++++++++----
 src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp |  4 ++--
 3 files changed, 15 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/register_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/register_aarch64.hpp
index ab83307d526..8d8856d3cf9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/register_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/register_aarch64.hpp
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 
 #include "asm/register.hpp"
 #include "utilities/checkedCast.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
 
 class VMRegImpl;
@@ -513,25 +514,25 @@ template<int N> bool vs_write_before_read(const VSeq<N>& vout, const VSeq<N>& vi
 
 template<int N>
 VSeq<N/2> vs_front(const VSeq<N>& v) {
-  static_assert(N > 0 && ((N & 1) == 0), "sequence length must be even");
+  static_assert(N > 0 && is_even(N), "sequence length must be even");
   return VSeq<N/2>(v.base(), v.delta());
 }
 
 template<int N>
 VSeq<N/2> vs_back(const VSeq<N>& v) {
-  static_assert(N > 0 && ((N & 1) == 0), "sequence length must be even");
+  static_assert(N > 0 && is_even(N), "sequence length must be even");
   return VSeq<N/2>(v.base() + N / 2 * v.delta(), v.delta());
 }
 
 template<int N>
 VSeq<N/2> vs_even(const VSeq<N>& v) {
-  static_assert(N > 0 && ((N & 1) == 0), "sequence length must be even");
+  static_assert(N > 0 && is_even(N), "sequence length must be even");
   return VSeq<N/2>(v.base(), v.delta() * 2);
 }
 
 template<int N>
 VSeq<N/2> vs_odd(const VSeq<N>& v) {
-  static_assert(N > 0 && ((N & 1) == 0), "sequence length must be even");
+  static_assert(N > 0 && is_even(N), "sequence length must be even");
   return VSeq<N/2>(v.base() + v.delta(), v.delta() * 2);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
index cae69ac4621..2ad7e00817c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
@@ -5442,6 +5442,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   // address supplied in base.
   template<int N>
   void vs_ldpq(const VSeq<N>& v, Register base) {
+    static_assert(N > 0 && is_even(N), "sequence length must be even");
     for (int i = 0; i < N; i += 2) {
       __ ldpq(v[i], v[i+1], Address(base, 16 * i));
     }
@@ -5452,7 +5453,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   // in base using post-increment addressing
   template<int N>
   void vs_ldpq_post(const VSeq<N>& v, Register base) {
-    static_assert((N & (N - 1)) == 0, "sequence length must be even");
+    static_assert(N > 0 && is_even(N), "sequence length must be even");
     for (int i = 0; i < N; i += 2) {
       __ ldpq(v[i], v[i+1], __ post(base, 32));
     }
@@ -5463,7 +5464,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   // supplied in base using post-increment addressing
   template<int N>
   void vs_stpq_post(const VSeq<N>& v, Register base) {
-    static_assert((N & (N - 1)) == 0, "sequence length must be even");
+    static_assert(N > 0 && is_even(N), "sequence length must be even");
     for (int i = 0; i < N; i += 2) {
       __ stpq(v[i], v[i+1], __ post(base, 32));
     }
@@ -5474,7 +5475,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   // using post-increment addressing.
   template<int N>
   void vs_ld2_post(const VSeq<N>& v, Assembler::SIMD_Arrangement T, Register base) {
-    static_assert((N & (N - 1)) == 0, "sequence length must be even");
+    static_assert(N > 0 && is_even(N), "sequence length must be even");
     for (int i = 0; i < N; i += 2) {
       __ ld2(v[i], v[i+1], T, __ post(base, 32));
     }
@@ -5485,7 +5486,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   // post-increment addressing.
   template<int N>
   void vs_st2_post(const VSeq<N>& v, Assembler::SIMD_Arrangement T, Register base) {
-    static_assert((N & (N - 1)) == 0, "sequence length must be even");
+    static_assert(N > 0 && is_even(N), "sequence length must be even");
     for (int i = 0; i < N; i += 2) {
       __ st2(v[i], v[i+1], T, __ post(base, 32));
     }
@@ -5530,6 +5531,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   // offsets array
   template<int N>
   void vs_ldpq_indexed(const VSeq<N>& v, Register base, int start, int (&offsets)[N/2]) {
+    static_assert(N > 0 && is_even(N), "sequence length must be even");
     for (int i = 0; i < N/2; i++) {
       __ ldpq(v[2*i], v[2*i+1], Address(base, start + offsets[i]));
     }
@@ -5577,6 +5579,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   template<int N>
   void vs_ld2_indexed(const VSeq<N>& v, Assembler::SIMD_Arrangement T, Register base,
                       Register tmp, int start, int (&offsets)[N/2]) {
+    static_assert(N > 0 && is_even(N), "sequence length must be even");
     for (int i = 0; i < N/2; i++) {
       __ add(tmp, base, start + offsets[i]);
       __ ld2(v[2*i], v[2*i+1], T, tmp);
@@ -5590,6 +5593,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   template<int N>
   void vs_st2_indexed(const VSeq<N>& v, Assembler::SIMD_Arrangement T, Register base,
                       Register tmp, int start, int (&offsets)[N/2]) {
+    static_assert(N > 0 && is_even(N), "sequence length must be even");
     for (int i = 0; i < N/2; i++) {
       __ add(tmp, base, start + offsets[i]);
       __ st2(v[2*i], v[2*i+1], T, tmp);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp
index 40691de518e..5e5a57c3780 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp
@@ -1157,8 +1157,8 @@ inline T clamp(T value, T min, T max) {
   return MIN2(MAX2(value, min), max);
 }
 
-inline bool is_odd (intx x) { return x & 1;      }
-inline bool is_even(intx x) { return !is_odd(x); }
+constexpr bool is_odd (intx x) { return x & 1;      }
+constexpr bool is_even(intx x) { return !is_odd(x); }
 
 // abs methods which cannot overflow and so are well-defined across
 // the entire domain of integer types.

From 157cca780278fd276f807ca1c5cf88e73894b936 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jaikiran Pai <jpai@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 2 Jul 2026 09:13:16 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 134/707] 8355412: com/sun/net/httpserver/Test9a.java failed on
 windows trying to delete file: java.nio.file.FileSystemException: The process
 cannot access the file because it is being used by another process

Reviewed-by: dfuchs
---
 test/jdk/com/sun/net/httpserver/Test9a.java | 204 --------------------
 1 file changed, 204 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 test/jdk/com/sun/net/httpserver/Test9a.java

diff --git a/test/jdk/com/sun/net/httpserver/Test9a.java b/test/jdk/com/sun/net/httpserver/Test9a.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 56fbf9953a3..00000000000
--- a/test/jdk/com/sun/net/httpserver/Test9a.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,204 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
- *
- * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
- * accompanied this code).
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
- * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *
- * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
- * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
- * questions.
- */
-
-/*
- * @test
- * @bug 6270015
- * @library /test/lib
- * @build jdk.test.lib.Utils
- *        jdk.test.lib.net.SimpleSSLContext
- *        jdk.test.lib.net.URIBuilder
- * @run main/othervm Test9a
- * @run main/othervm -Djava.net.preferIPv6Addresses=true Test9a
- * @summary Light weight HTTP server
- */
-
-import com.sun.net.httpserver.*;
-
-import java.nio.file.Files;
-import java.nio.file.Path;
-import java.util.concurrent.*;
-import java.io.*;
-import java.net.*;
-import javax.net.ssl.*;
-import jdk.test.lib.net.SimpleSSLContext;
-import jdk.test.lib.net.URIBuilder;
-
-import static jdk.test.lib.Asserts.assertEquals;
-import static jdk.test.lib.Asserts.assertFileContentsEqual;
-import static jdk.test.lib.Utils.createTempFileOfSize;
-
-/* Same as Test1 but requests run in parallel.
- */
-
-public class Test9a extends Test {
-
-    private static final String TEMP_FILE_PREFIX =
-            HttpServer.class.getPackageName() + '-' + Test9a.class.getSimpleName() + '-';
-
-    private static final SSLContext serverCtx = SimpleSSLContext.findSSLContext();
-    private static final SSLContext clientCtx = SimpleSSLContext.findSSLContext();
-    static volatile boolean error = false;
-
-    public static void main (String[] args) throws Exception {
-        HttpsServer server = null;
-        ExecutorService executor=null;
-        Path smallFilePath = createTempFileOfSize(TEMP_FILE_PREFIX, null, 23);
-        Path largeFilePath = createTempFileOfSize(TEMP_FILE_PREFIX, null, 2730088);
-        try {
-            System.out.print ("Test9a: ");
-            InetAddress loopback = InetAddress.getLoopbackAddress();
-            InetSocketAddress addr = new InetSocketAddress(loopback, 0);
-            server = HttpsServer.create (addr, 0);
-            // Assert that both files share the same parent and can be served from the same `FileServerHandler`
-            assertEquals(smallFilePath.getParent(), largeFilePath.getParent());
-            HttpHandler h = new FileServerHandler (smallFilePath.getParent().toString());
-            HttpContext c1 = server.createContext ("/", h);
-            executor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
-            server.setExecutor (executor);
-            server.setHttpsConfigurator(new HttpsConfigurator (serverCtx));
-            server.start();
-
-            int port = server.getAddress().getPort();
-            error = false;
-            Thread[] t = new Thread[100];
-
-            t[0] = test (true, "https", port, smallFilePath);
-            t[1] = test (true, "https", port, largeFilePath);
-            t[2] = test (true, "https", port, smallFilePath);
-            t[3] = test (true, "https", port, largeFilePath);
-            t[4] = test (true, "https", port, smallFilePath);
-            t[5] = test (true, "https", port, largeFilePath);
-            t[6] = test (true, "https", port, smallFilePath);
-            t[7] = test (true, "https", port, largeFilePath);
-            t[8] = test (true, "https", port, smallFilePath);
-            t[9] = test (true, "https", port, largeFilePath);
-            t[10] = test (true, "https", port, smallFilePath);
-            t[11] = test (true, "https", port, largeFilePath);
-            t[12] = test (true, "https", port, smallFilePath);
-            t[13] = test (true, "https", port, largeFilePath);
-            t[14] = test (true, "https", port, smallFilePath);
-            t[15] = test (true, "https", port, largeFilePath);
-            for (int i=0; i<16; i++) {
-                t[i].join();
-            }
-            if (error) {
-                throw new RuntimeException ("error");
-            }
-
-            System.out.println ("OK");
-        } finally {
-            if (server != null)
-                server.stop(0);
-            if (executor != null)
-                executor.shutdown();
-            Files.delete(smallFilePath);
-            Files.delete(largeFilePath);
-        }
-    }
-
-    static int foo = 1;
-
-    static ClientThread test (boolean fixedLen, String protocol, int port, Path filePath) throws Exception {
-        ClientThread t = new ClientThread (fixedLen, protocol, port, filePath);
-        t.start();
-        return t;
-    }
-
-    static Object fileLock = new Object();
-
-    static class ClientThread extends Thread {
-
-        boolean fixedLen;
-        String protocol;
-        int port;
-        private final Path filePath;
-
-        ClientThread (boolean fixedLen, String protocol, int port, Path filePath) {
-            this.fixedLen = fixedLen;
-            this.protocol = protocol;
-            this.port = port;
-            this.filePath = filePath;
-        }
-
-        public void run () {
-            try {
-                URL url = URIBuilder.newBuilder()
-                    .scheme(protocol)
-                    .loopback()
-                    .port(port)
-                    .path("/" + filePath.getFileName())
-                    .toURL();
-
-                HttpURLConnection urlc = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(Proxy.NO_PROXY);
-                if (urlc instanceof HttpsURLConnection) {
-                    HttpsURLConnection urlcs = (HttpsURLConnection) urlc;
-                    urlcs.setHostnameVerifier (new HostnameVerifier () {
-                        public boolean verify (String s, SSLSession s1) {
-                            return true;
-                        }
-                    });
-                    urlcs.setSSLSocketFactory (clientCtx.getSocketFactory());
-                }
-                byte [] buf = new byte [4096];
-
-                String s = "chunk";
-                if (fixedLen) {
-                    urlc.setRequestProperty ("XFixed", "yes");
-                    s = "fixed";
-                }
-                InputStream is = urlc.getInputStream();
-                File temp;
-                synchronized (fileLock) {
-                    temp = File.createTempFile (s, null);
-                    temp.deleteOnExit();
-                }
-                OutputStream fout = new BufferedOutputStream (new FileOutputStream(temp));
-                int c, count = 0;
-                while ((c=is.read(buf)) != -1) {
-                    count += c;
-                    fout.write (buf, 0, c);
-                }
-                is.close();
-                fout.close();
-
-                if (count != filePath.toFile().length()) {
-                    System.out.println ("wrong amount of data returned");
-                    System.out.println ("fixedLen = "+fixedLen);
-                    System.out.println ("protocol = "+protocol);
-                    System.out.println ("port = "+port);
-                    System.out.println ("file = " + filePath);
-                    System.out.println ("temp = "+temp);
-                    System.out.println ("count = "+count);
-                    error = true;
-                }
-                assertFileContentsEqual(filePath, temp.toPath());
-                temp.delete();
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-                error = true;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-}

From c042ad289d10e4c2dba4371630ff82318b0aa23b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Du=EF=BF=BDan=20B=EF=BF=BDlek?= <dbalek@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 2 Jul 2026 09:32:44 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 135/707] 8386842: Preview files in root directory not
 recognized in system image

Reviewed-by: alanb, sherman, liach
---
 .../jdk/internal/jimage/ImageReader.java      | 48 +++++++++++++++--
 .../jdk/internal/jimage/ImageReaderTest.java  | 52 ++++++++++++++++++-
 2 files changed, 95 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jimage/ImageReader.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jimage/ImageReader.java
index 2cf28b835ce..59c2392dea9 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jimage/ImageReader.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jimage/ImageReader.java
@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ Node findResourceNode(String moduleName, String resourcePath) {
                     ImageLocation loc = null;
                     if (isPreviewEnabled) {
                         // We must test preview location first (if in preview mode).
-                        loc = findLocation(moduleName, PREVIEW_RESOURCE_PREFIX + resourcePath);
+                        loc = findLocation(moduleName, PREVIEW_RESOURCE_PREFIX + "/" + resourcePath);
                     }
                     if (loc == null) {
                         loc = findLocation(moduleName, resourcePath);
@@ -531,7 +531,7 @@ boolean containsResource(String moduleName, String resourcePath) {
                         return node.isResource();
                     }
                 }
-                loc = findLocation(moduleName, PREVIEW_RESOURCE_PREFIX + resourcePath);
+                loc = findLocation(moduleName, PREVIEW_RESOURCE_PREFIX + "/" + resourcePath);
             }
             if (loc == null) {
                 loc = findLocation(moduleName, resourcePath);
@@ -561,7 +561,19 @@ private Node buildAndCacheModulesNode(String name) {
             // Now try the non-prefixed resource name, but be careful to avoid false
             // positives for names like "/modules/modules/xxx" which could return a
             // location of a directory entry.
-            loc = findLocation(name.substring(MODULES_PREFIX.length()));
+            String resourceName = name.substring(MODULES_PREFIX.length());
+            if (isPreviewEnabled) {
+                // Root-level preview resources are not pre-cached when an image
+                // is opened, so check for them first.
+                int pathStart = resourceName.indexOf('/', 1);
+                if (pathStart > 1 && resourceName.indexOf('/', pathStart + 1) < 0) {
+                    loc = findLocation(resourceName.substring(0, pathStart)
+                            + PREVIEW_INFIX + "/" + resourceName.substring(pathStart + 1));
+                }
+            }
+            if (loc == null) {
+                loc = findLocation(resourceName);
+            }
             return loc != null && loc.getType() == RESOURCE
                     ? ensureCached(newResource(name, loc))
                     : null;
@@ -649,6 +661,36 @@ private void completeDirectory(Directory dir) {
         private Directory completeModuleDirectory(Directory dir, ImageLocation loc) {
             assert dir.getName().equals(loc.getFullName()) : "Mismatched location for directory: " + dir;
             List<Node> previewOnlyNodes = getPreviewNodesToMerge(dir);
+            if (isPreviewEnabled && previewOnlyNodes.isEmpty()) {
+                // When opening an image in preview mode, packages that have preview
+                // content are eagerly processed, caching preview resources and
+                // preview-only directories for direct lookup. Root-level preview
+                // resources are omitted during this process, since they have no
+                // package path and the empty package is not represented under
+                // "/packages", and must be processed separately.
+                int moduleStart = MODULES_PREFIX.length() + 1;
+                if (dir.getName().indexOf('/', moduleStart) < 0) {
+                    ImageLocation previewLoc = findLocation(dir.getName() + PREVIEW_INFIX);
+                    if (previewLoc != null) {
+                        previewOnlyNodes = createChildNodes(previewLoc, 0, childLoc -> {
+                            String baseName = getBaseName(childLoc);
+                            String nonPreviewChildName = dir.getName() + "/" + baseName;
+                            boolean isPreviewOnly = ImageLocation.isPreviewOnly(childLoc.getFlags());
+                            LocationType type = childLoc.getType();
+                            if (type == RESOURCE) {
+                                Node childNode = nodes.computeIfAbsent(nonPreviewChildName, n -> newResource(n, childLoc));
+                                return isPreviewOnly ? childNode : null;
+                            } else {
+                                assert type == MODULES_DIR : "Invalid location type: " + childLoc;
+                                Node childNode = nodes.get(nonPreviewChildName);
+                                assert !(isPreviewOnly && childNode == null) :
+                                        "Inconsistent child node: " + nonPreviewChildName;
+                                return isPreviewOnly ? childNode : null;
+                            }
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+            }
             // We hide preview names from direct lookup, but must also prevent
             // the preview directory from appearing in any META-INF directories.
             boolean parentIsMetaInfDir = isMetaInf(dir);
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/internal/jimage/ImageReaderTest.java b/test/jdk/jdk/internal/jimage/ImageReaderTest.java
index 5104bb97f95..0fadc6eec12 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/internal/jimage/ImageReaderTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/internal/jimage/ImageReaderTest.java
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
 import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toSet;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 8385355
+ * @bug 8385355 8386842
  * @summary Tests for ImageReader.
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.jimage
  *          jdk.jlink/jdk.tools.jlink.internal
@@ -86,6 +87,11 @@ public class ImageReaderTest {
                     "!META-INF/z",
                     "!META-INF/collision/child.properties",
                     "!META-INF/collision",
+                    // Non-class resource in top level directory
+                    "!fileA.txt",
+                    "!fileB.txt",
+                    "!META-INF/preview/fileA.txt",
+                    "!META-INF/preview/fileB.txt",
                     // Replaces original class in preview mode.
                     "@com.foo.HasPreviewVersion",
                     // New class in existing package in preview mode.
@@ -96,6 +102,11 @@ public class ImageReaderTest {
                     // Two new packages in preview mode (new symbolic links).
                     "@com.bar.preview.stuff.Foo",
                     "@com.bar.preview.stuff.Bar"),
+            "modbaz", Arrays.asList(
+                    "!file.txt",
+                    "!normal.txt",
+                    "!META-INF/preview/file.txt",
+                    "!META-INF/preview/previewOnly.txt"),
             "modgus", Arrays.asList(
                     // A second module with a preview-only empty package (preview).
                     "@com.bar.preview.other.Gus"));
@@ -270,6 +281,18 @@ public void testPreviewResources_disabled() throws IOException {
             assertAbsent(reader, "/modules/modfoo/com/foo/bar/IsPreviewOnly.class");
             assertDirContents(reader, "/modules/modfoo/com/foo", "HasPreviewVersion.class", "NormalFoo.class", "bar");
             assertDirContents(reader, "/modules/modfoo/com/foo/bar", "NormalBar.class");
+
+            // Non-class resource in top level directory
+            assertResource(reader, "modfoo", "fileA.txt");
+            assertNonPreviewResourceVersion(reader, "modfoo", "fileA.txt");
+            assertNode(reader, "/modules/modfoo/fileB.txt");
+            assertNonPreviewResourceVersion(reader, "modfoo", "fileB.txt");
+            assertDirContents(reader, "/modules/modfoo", "META-INF", "module-info.class", "fileA.txt", "fileB.txt", "com");
+
+            assertAbsent(reader, "/modules/modbaz/previewOnly.txt");
+            assertDirContents(reader, "/modules/modbaz", "META-INF", "module-info.class", "file.txt", "normal.txt");
+            assertNonPreviewResourceVersion(reader, "modbaz", "file.txt");
+            assertNonPreviewResourceVersion(reader, "modbaz", "normal.txt");
         }
     }
 
@@ -289,6 +312,20 @@ public void testPreviewResources_enabled() throws IOException {
             assertResource(reader, "modfoo", "com/foo/bar/IsPreviewOnly.class");
             assertDirContents(reader, "/modules/modfoo/com/foo", "HasPreviewVersion.class", "NormalFoo.class", "bar");
             assertDirContents(reader, "/modules/modfoo/com/foo/bar", "NormalBar.class", "IsPreviewOnly.class");
+
+            // Non-class resource in top level directory
+            assertResource(reader, "modfoo", "fileA.txt");
+            assertPreviewResourceVersion(reader, "modfoo", "fileA.txt");
+            assertNode(reader, "/modules/modfoo/fileB.txt");
+            assertPreviewResourceVersion(reader, "modfoo", "fileB.txt");
+            assertDirContents(reader, "/modules/modfoo/com", "foo");
+            assertDirContents(reader, "/modules/modfoo", "META-INF", "module-info.class", "fileA.txt", "fileB.txt", "com");
+
+            assertNode(reader, "/modules/modbaz/previewOnly.txt");
+            assertDirContents(reader, "/modules/modbaz", "META-INF", "module-info.class", "file.txt", "normal.txt", "previewOnly.txt");
+            assertPreviewResourceVersion(reader, "modbaz", "file.txt");
+            assertNonPreviewResourceVersion(reader, "modbaz", "normal.txt");
+            assertPreviewResourceVersion(reader, "modbaz", "previewOnly.txt");
         }
     }
 
@@ -405,6 +442,17 @@ private static void assertResource(ImageReader reader, String modName, String re
         assertSame(resNode, reader.findNode(nodeName));
     }
 
+    private static void assertNonPreviewResourceVersion(ImageReader reader, String modName, String resPath) throws IOException {
+        Node resNode = reader.findResourceNode(modName, resPath);
+        assertArrayEquals(resPath.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), reader.getResource(resNode));
+    }
+
+    private static void assertPreviewResourceVersion(ImageReader reader, String modName, String resPath) throws IOException {
+        Node resNode = reader.findResourceNode(modName, resPath);
+        String name = "META-INF/preview/" + resPath;
+        assertArrayEquals(name.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), reader.getResource(resNode));
+    }
+
     private static void assertNonPreviewVersion(ImageClassLoader loader, String module, String fqn) throws IOException {
         assertEquals("Class: " + fqn, loader.loadAndGetToString(module, fqn));
     }
@@ -441,7 +489,7 @@ public static Path buildJImage(Map<String, List<String>> entries) {
 
             classes.forEach(fqn -> {
                 if (fqn.startsWith("!")) {
-                    jar.addEntry(fqn.substring(1), "resource".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+                    jar.addEntry(fqn.substring(1), fqn.substring(1).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
                     return;
                 }
                 boolean isPreviewEntry = fqn.startsWith("@");

From 36ca5bbc82f3fe3855016bc6e74e169cb3f2857a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Albert Mingkun Yang <ayang@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 2 Jul 2026 11:28:39 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 136/707] 8387129: Parallel: Wrong TaskTerminator in
 ParallelScavengeRefProcProxyTask

Reviewed-by: jsikstro, tschatzl
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psCompactionManager.hpp | 1 -
 src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psPromotionManager.hpp  | 1 +
 src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psScavenge.cpp          | 2 +-
 3 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psCompactionManager.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psCompactionManager.hpp
index ee8ab3f7df0..cd56bf1c91e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psCompactionManager.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psCompactionManager.hpp
@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@ class PCMarkAndPushClosure: public ClaimMetadataVisitingOopIterateClosure {
 class ParCompactionManager : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   friend class MarkFromRootsTask;
   friend class ParallelCompactRefProcProxyTask;
-  friend class ParallelScavengeRefProcProxyTask;
   friend class ParMarkBitMap;
   friend class PSParallelCompact;
   friend class FillDensePrefixAndCompactionTask;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psPromotionManager.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psPromotionManager.hpp
index edce4861d4d..287808429d3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psPromotionManager.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psPromotionManager.hpp
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ class ParCompactionManager;
 
 class PSPromotionManager {
   friend class PSScavenge;
+  friend class ParallelScavengeRefProcProxyTask;
   friend class ScavengeRootsTask;
 
  private:
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psScavenge.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psScavenge.cpp
index 8dbd2485e76..883bcb81a50 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psScavenge.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psScavenge.cpp
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ class ParallelScavengeRefProcProxyTask : public RefProcProxyTask {
 public:
   ParallelScavengeRefProcProxyTask(uint max_workers)
     : RefProcProxyTask("ParallelScavengeRefProcProxyTask", max_workers),
-      _terminator(max_workers, ParCompactionManager::marking_stacks()) {}
+      _terminator(max_workers, PSPromotionManager::vm_thread_promotion_manager()->stack_array_depth()) {}
 
   void work(uint worker_id) override {
     assert(worker_id < _max_workers, "sanity");

From e68f5ec8352b226de0c59c30e19ee9a762444048 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Coleen Phillimore <coleenp@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 2 Jul 2026 11:37:20 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 137/707] 8387633: Remove UnlockExperimentalVMOptions for COH
 in CDS build

Reviewed-by: iklam, erikj, shade
---
 make/Images.gmk | 3 +--
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/make/Images.gmk b/make/Images.gmk
index 8008cfa6779..a09ac7e3bc6 100644
--- a/make/Images.gmk
+++ b/make/Images.gmk
@@ -142,8 +142,7 @@ define CreateCDSArchive
   $1_$2_COOPS_OPTION := $(if $(findstring _nocoops, $2),-XX:-UseCompressedOops)
   # enable and also explicitly disable coh as needed.
   ifeq ($(call isTargetCpuBits, 64), true)
-    $1_$2_NOCOH_OPTION := -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions \
-                        $(if $(findstring _nocoh, $2),-XX:-UseCompactObjectHeaders,-XX:+UseCompactObjectHeaders)
+    $1_$2_NOCOH_OPTION := $(if $(findstring _nocoh, $2),-XX:-UseCompactObjectHeaders,-XX:+UseCompactObjectHeaders)
   endif
   $1_$2_DUMP_EXTRA_ARG := $$($1_$2_COOPS_OPTION) $$($1_$2_NOCOH_OPTION)
   $1_$2_DUMP_TYPE      := $(if $(findstring _nocoops, $2),-NOCOOPS,)$(if $(findstring _nocoh, $2),-NOCOH,)

From afe05fc47e3b77964c1ab6a2a8621ac9184e9e5a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 2 Jul 2026 11:51:42 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 138/707] 8387596: DEVKIT_LIB_DIR is unused

Reviewed-by: erikj
---
 make/autoconf/basic.m4 | 10 +---------
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/make/autoconf/basic.m4 b/make/autoconf/basic.m4
index bb6908d9194..1591df46a91 100644
--- a/make/autoconf/basic.m4
+++ b/make/autoconf/basic.m4
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -327,14 +327,6 @@ AC_DEFUN_ONCE([BASIC_SETUP_DEVKIT],
     elif test -d "$DEVKIT_ROOT/$host/sys-root"; then
       SYSROOT="$DEVKIT_ROOT/$host/sys-root"
     fi
-
-    if test "x$DEVKIT_ROOT" != x; then
-      DEVKIT_LIB_DIR="$DEVKIT_ROOT/lib"
-      if test "x$OPENJDK_TARGET_CPU_BITS" = x64; then
-        DEVKIT_LIB_DIR="$DEVKIT_ROOT/lib64"
-      fi
-      AC_SUBST(DEVKIT_LIB_DIR)
-    fi
   fi
 
   # You can force the sysroot if the sysroot encoded into the compiler tools

From 052bd362d9538a18a48338ee5d63db457be9b1d2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alexey Ivanov <aivanov@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 2 Jul 2026 12:44:18 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 139/707] 8386056: Test JFileChooser/HTMLFileName.java doesn't
 run in Nimbus and Motif

Reviewed-by: psadhukhan, azvegint
---
 .../swing/JFileChooser/HTMLFileName.java      | 67 +++++++++++++++----
 1 file changed, 53 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/javax/swing/JFileChooser/HTMLFileName.java b/test/jdk/javax/swing/JFileChooser/HTMLFileName.java
index a8bc9525cca..d22d8e207dd 100644
--- a/test/jdk/javax/swing/JFileChooser/HTMLFileName.java
+++ b/test/jdk/javax/swing/JFileChooser/HTMLFileName.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 /*
  * @test id=metal
  * @bug 8139228
- * @summary JFileChooser should not render Directory names in HTML format
+ * @summary JFileChooser should not render directory names in HTML format
  * @library /java/awt/regtesthelpers
  * @build PassFailJFrame
  * @run main/manual HTMLFileName metal
@@ -42,15 +42,32 @@
 /*
  * @test id=system
  * @bug 8139228 8358532
- * @summary JFileChooser should not render Directory names in HTML format
+ * @summary JFileChooser should not render directory names in HTML format
  * @library /java/awt/regtesthelpers
  * @build PassFailJFrame
  * @run main/manual HTMLFileName system
  */
 
+/*
+ * @test id=nimbus
+ * @bug 8139228
+ * @summary JFileChooser should not render directory names in HTML format
+ * @library /java/awt/regtesthelpers
+ * @build PassFailJFrame
+ * @run main/manual HTMLFileName nimbus
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=motif
+ * @bug 8139228
+ * @summary JFileChooser should not render directory names in HTML format
+ * @library /java/awt/regtesthelpers
+ * @build PassFailJFrame
+ * @run main/manual HTMLFileName motif
+ */
+
 public class HTMLFileName {
     private static final String INSTRUCTIONS = """
-            <html>
             <ol>
             <li><code>JFileChooser</code> shows a virtual directory.
                 The first file in the list has the following name:
@@ -86,31 +103,52 @@ public class HTMLFileName {
             </html>
             """;
 
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        if (args.length < 1) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Look-and-Feel keyword is required");
-        }
+    private static final String MOTIF_INSTRUCTIONS =
+            "<p><b>Note:</b> there's no navigation combo box in Motif. "
+            + "Ignore it in the instructions.</p>\n";
+
 
+    private static volatile String lafName;
+
+    private static String getLafClassName(String lafKey) {
         final String lafClassName;
-        switch (args[0]) {
+        switch (lafKey) {
             case "metal" -> lafClassName = UIManager.getCrossPlatformLookAndFeelClassName();
             case "system" -> lafClassName = UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName();
-            default -> throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported Look-and-Feel keyword: " + args[0]);
+            case "nimbus" -> lafClassName = "javax.swing.plaf.nimbus.NimbusLookAndFeel";
+            case "motif" -> lafClassName = "com.sun.java.swing.plaf.motif.MotifLookAndFeel";
+            default -> throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported Look-and-Feel keyword: " + lafKey);
         }
+        return lafClassName;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        if (args.length < 1) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Look-and-Feel keyword is required");
+        }
+
+        final String lafClassName = getLafClassName(args[0]);
 
         SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(() -> {
             try {
                 UIManager.setLookAndFeel(lafClassName);
+                lafName = UIManager.getLookAndFeel().getName();
             } catch (Exception e) {
                 throw new RuntimeException(e);
             }
         });
 
+        final boolean motif = "CDE/Motif".equals(lafName);
+
         System.out.println("Test for LookAndFeel " + lafClassName);
         PassFailJFrame.builder()
-                .instructions(INSTRUCTIONS)
-                .columns(45)
-                .rows(20)
+                .instructions("<html>\n" +
+                              "<p><b>Look and Feel:</b> " +
+                              lafName + "</p>\n" +
+                              (motif ? MOTIF_INSTRUCTIONS : "") +
+                              INSTRUCTIONS)
+                .columns(motif ? 70 : 45)
+                .rows(25)
                 .testUI(HTMLFileName::initialize)
                 .positionTestUIBottomRowCentered()
                 .build()
@@ -127,7 +165,8 @@ private static JFrame createFileChooser(boolean htmlDisabled) {
         jfc.putClientProperty("html.disable", htmlDisabled);
         jfc.setControlButtonsAreShown(false);
 
-        JFrame frame = new JFrame(htmlDisabled ? "HTML disabled" : "HTML enabled");
+        JFrame frame = new JFrame((htmlDisabled ? "HTML disabled" : "HTML enabled")
+                                  + " - " + lafName);
         frame.add(jfc);
         frame.pack();
         return frame;

From 9b59c2dc766a71f8a042a6d5b3a8d14b2835df2f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Srinivas Vamsi Parasa <sparasa@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 2 Jul 2026 12:44:36 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 140/707] 8369020: Test
 compiler/intrinsics/TestLongUnsignedDivMod.java completed and timed out

Reviewed-by: mhaessig, thartmann
---
 .../jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/TestLongUnsignedDivMod.java      | 3 ---
 1 file changed, 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/TestLongUnsignedDivMod.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/TestLongUnsignedDivMod.java
index ce9444823da..393d33f62a6 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/TestLongUnsignedDivMod.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/TestLongUnsignedDivMod.java
@@ -110,7 +110,6 @@ public TestLongUnsignedDivMod() {
     }
 
     @Test // needs to be run in (fast) debug mode
-    @Warmup(10000)
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.UDIV_L, ">= 1"}) // At least one UDivL node is generated if intrinsic is used
     public void testDivideUnsigned() {
         for (int i = 0; i < BUFFER_SIZE; i++) {
@@ -124,7 +123,6 @@ public void testDivideUnsigned() {
     }
 
     @Test // needs to be run in (fast) debug mode
-    @Warmup(10000)
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.UMOD_L, ">= 1"}) // At least one UModL node is generated if intrinsic is used
     public void testRemainderUnsigned() {
         for (int i = 0; i < BUFFER_SIZE; i++) {
@@ -139,7 +137,6 @@ public void testRemainderUnsigned() {
 
 
     @Test // needs to be run in (fast) debug mode
-    @Warmup(10000)
     @IR(applyIfPlatform = {"x64", "true"},
         counts = {IRNode.UDIV_MOD_L, ">= 1"}) // At least one UDivModL node is generated if intrinsic is used
     public void testDivModUnsigned() {

From 10af769eb06427e37ae943a21964ae51de4526c6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 2 Jul 2026 13:47:53 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 141/707] 8387298: IS_WIN2000 and IS_WINXP macros are obsolete

Reviewed-by: aivanov, dgredler
---
 .../classes/sun/awt/windows/WToolkit.java     |  4 +-
 .../native/libawt/windows/ComCtl32Util.cpp    | 28 ++------
 .../windows/native/libawt/windows/awt.h       |  6 +-
 .../native/libawt/windows/awt_Choice.cpp      |  8 +--
 .../libawt/windows/awt_DesktopProperties.cpp  | 65 ++++++-------------
 .../native/libawt/windows/awt_MenuItem.cpp    | 10 +--
 .../native/libawt/windows/awt_Toolkit.cpp     | 35 ----------
 7 files changed, 32 insertions(+), 124 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/windows/WToolkit.java b/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/windows/WToolkit.java
index 4ed3e6b7e68..c60a2d6a362 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/windows/WToolkit.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/windows/WToolkit.java
@@ -173,15 +173,13 @@ public static void loadLibraries() {
         }
     }
 
-    private static native String getWindowsVersion();
-
     static {
         loadLibraries();
         initIDs();
 
         // Print out which version of Windows is running
         if (log.isLoggable(PlatformLogger.Level.FINE)) {
-            log.fine("Win version: " + getWindowsVersion());
+            log.fine("Win version: " + System.getProperty("os.version"));
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/ComCtl32Util.cpp b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/ComCtl32Util.cpp
index acb3315d1e6..66e9d0c1a89 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/ComCtl32Util.cpp
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/ComCtl32Util.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2008, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -42,32 +42,18 @@ void ComCtl32Util::InitLibraries() {
 }
 
 WNDPROC ComCtl32Util::SubclassHWND(HWND hwnd, WNDPROC _WindowProc) {
-    if (IS_WINXP) {
-        const SUBCLASSPROC p = SharedWindowProc; // let compiler check type of SharedWindowProc
-        ::SetWindowSubclass(hwnd, p, (UINT_PTR)_WindowProc, NULL); // _WindowProc is used as subclass ID
-        return NULL;
-    } else {
-        return (WNDPROC)::SetWindowLongPtr(hwnd, GWLP_WNDPROC, (LONG_PTR)_WindowProc);
-    }
+    const SUBCLASSPROC p = SharedWindowProc; // let compiler check type of SharedWindowProc
+    ::SetWindowSubclass(hwnd, p, (UINT_PTR)_WindowProc, NULL); // _WindowProc is used as subclass ID
+    return NULL;
 }
 
 void ComCtl32Util::UnsubclassHWND(HWND hwnd, WNDPROC _WindowProc, WNDPROC _DefWindowProc) {
-    if (IS_WINXP) {
-        const SUBCLASSPROC p = SharedWindowProc; // let compiler check type of SharedWindowProc
-        ::RemoveWindowSubclass(hwnd, p, (UINT_PTR)_WindowProc); // _WindowProc is used as subclass ID
-    } else {
-        ::SetWindowLongPtr(hwnd, GWLP_WNDPROC, (LONG_PTR)_DefWindowProc);
-    }
+    const SUBCLASSPROC p = SharedWindowProc; // let compiler check type of SharedWindowProc
+    ::RemoveWindowSubclass(hwnd, p, (UINT_PTR)_WindowProc); // _WindowProc is used as subclass ID
 }
 
 LRESULT ComCtl32Util::DefWindowProc(WNDPROC _DefWindowProc, HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) {
-    if (IS_WINXP) {
-        return ::DefSubclassProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
-    } else if (_DefWindowProc != NULL) {
-        return ::CallWindowProc(_DefWindowProc, hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
-    } else {
-        return ::DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
-    }
+    return ::DefSubclassProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
 }
 
 LRESULT ComCtl32Util::SharedWindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg,
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt.h b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt.h
index b6289dcae68..c367471afa9 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt.h
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -155,12 +155,8 @@ typedef AwtObject* PDATA;
 /*  /NEW JNI */
 
 /*
- * IS_WIN2000 returns TRUE on 2000, XP and Vista
- * IS_WINXP returns TRUE on XP and Vista
  * IS_WINVISTA returns TRUE on Vista
  */
-#define IS_WIN2000 (LOBYTE(LOWORD(::GetVersion())) >= 5)
-#define IS_WINXP ((IS_WIN2000 && HIBYTE(LOWORD(::GetVersion())) >= 1) || LOBYTE(LOWORD(::GetVersion())) > 5)
 #define IS_WINVISTA (LOBYTE(LOWORD(::GetVersion())) >= 6)
 #define IS_WIN8 (                                                              \
     (IS_WINVISTA && (HIBYTE(LOWORD(::GetVersion())) >= 2)) ||                  \
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Choice.cpp b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Choice.cpp
index 125065c92fe..b7c45463c5a 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Choice.cpp
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Choice.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -179,11 +179,7 @@ AwtChoice* AwtChoice::Create(jobject peer, jobject parent) {
             ::GetClientRect(c->GetHWnd(), &rc);
             env->SetIntField(target, AwtComponent::widthID, c->ScaleDownX(rc.right));
             env->SetIntField(target, AwtComponent::heightID, c->ScaleDownY(rc.bottom));
-
-            if (IS_WINXP) {
-                ::SendMessage(c->GetHWnd(), CB_SETMINVISIBLE, (WPARAM) MINIMUM_NUMBER_OF_VISIBLE_ITEMS, 0);
-            }
-
+            ::SendMessage(c->GetHWnd(), CB_SETMINVISIBLE, (WPARAM) MINIMUM_NUMBER_OF_VISIBLE_ITEMS, 0);
             env->DeleteLocalRef(dimension);
         }
     } catch (...) {
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_DesktopProperties.cpp b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_DesktopProperties.cpp
index 502433a13aa..d5ad022c1e0 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_DesktopProperties.cpp
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_DesktopProperties.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -76,9 +76,7 @@ void AwtDesktopProperties::GetWindowsParameters() {
     GetOtherParameters();
     GetSoundEvents();
     GetSystemProperties();
-    if (IS_WINXP) {
-        GetXPStyleProperties();
-    }
+    GetXPStyleProperties();
 }
 
 void getInvScale(float &invScaleX, float &invScaleY) {
@@ -423,12 +421,8 @@ void CheckFontSmoothingSettings(HWND hWnd) {
 
     if (firstTime) {
         SystemParametersInfo(SPI_GETFONTSMOOTHING, 0, &fontSmoothing, 0);
-        if (IS_WINXP) {
-            SystemParametersInfo(SPI_GETFONTSMOOTHINGTYPE, 0,
-                                 &fontSmoothingType, 0);
-            SystemParametersInfo(SPI_GETFONTSMOOTHINGCONTRAST, 0,
-                                 &fontSmoothingContrast, 0);
-        }
+        SystemParametersInfo(SPI_GETFONTSMOOTHINGTYPE, 0, &fontSmoothingType, 0);
+        SystemParametersInfo(SPI_GETFONTSMOOTHINGCONTRAST, 0, &fontSmoothingContrast, 0);
         lastFontSmoothing = fontSmoothing;
         lastFontSmoothingType = fontSmoothingType;
         lastFontSmoothingContrast = fontSmoothingContrast;
@@ -441,28 +435,18 @@ void CheckFontSmoothingSettings(HWND hWnd) {
             /* no need to check the other settings in this case. */
             return;
         }
-        if (IS_WINXP) {
-            SystemParametersInfo(SPI_GETFONTSMOOTHINGTYPE, 0,
-                                 &fontSmoothingType, 0);
-            settingsChanged |= fontSmoothingType != lastFontSmoothingType;
-            if (!settingsChanged &&
-                fontSmoothingType == FONTSMOOTHING_STANDARD) {
-                /* No need to check any LCD specific settings */
-                return;
-            } else {
-                SystemParametersInfo(SPI_GETFONTSMOOTHINGCONTRAST, 0,
-                                     &fontSmoothingContrast, 0);
-                settingsChanged |=
-                    fontSmoothingContrast != lastFontSmoothingContrast;
-                if (fontSmoothingType == FONTSMOOTHING_LCD) {
-                    // Order is a registry entry so more expensive to check.x
-                    subPixelOrder = GetLCDSubPixelOrder();
-                    settingsChanged |= subPixelOrder != lastSubpixelOrder;
-                }
-            }
+        SystemParametersInfo(SPI_GETFONTSMOOTHINGTYPE, 0, &fontSmoothingType, 0);
+        settingsChanged |= fontSmoothingType != lastFontSmoothingType;
+        if (!settingsChanged && fontSmoothingType == FONTSMOOTHING_STANDARD) {
+            /* No need to check any LCD specific settings */
+            return;
         } else {
-            if (settingsChanged && fontSmoothing == FONTSMOOTHING_ON) {
-                fontSmoothingType = FONTSMOOTHING_STANDARD;
+            SystemParametersInfo(SPI_GETFONTSMOOTHINGCONTRAST, 0, &fontSmoothingContrast, 0);
+            settingsChanged |= fontSmoothingContrast != lastFontSmoothingContrast;
+            if (fontSmoothingType == FONTSMOOTHING_LCD) {
+                // Order is a registry entry so more expensive to check.x
+                subPixelOrder = GetLCDSubPixelOrder();
+                settingsChanged |= subPixelOrder != lastSubpixelOrder;
             }
         }
     }
@@ -519,13 +503,7 @@ void AwtDesktopProperties::GetColorParameters() {
     SetColorProperty(TEXT("win.mdi.backgroundColor"), GetSysColor(COLOR_APPWORKSPACE));
     SetColorProperty(TEXT("win.menu.backgroundColor"), GetSysColor(COLOR_MENU));
     SetColorProperty(TEXT("win.menu.textColor"), GetSysColor(COLOR_MENUTEXT));
-    // COLOR_MENUBAR is only defined on WindowsXP. Our binaries are
-    // built on NT, hence the below ifdef.
-#ifndef COLOR_MENUBAR
-#define COLOR_MENUBAR 30
-#endif
-    SetColorProperty(TEXT("win.menubar.backgroundColor"),
-                                GetSysColor(IS_WINXP ? COLOR_MENUBAR : COLOR_MENU));
+    SetColorProperty(TEXT("win.menubar.backgroundColor"), GetSysColor(COLOR_MENUBAR));
     SetColorProperty(TEXT("win.scrollbar.backgroundColor"), GetSysColor(COLOR_SCROLLBAR));
     SetColorProperty(TEXT("win.text.grayedTextColor"), GetSysColor(COLOR_GRAYTEXT));
     SetColorProperty(TEXT("win.tooltip.backgroundColor"), GetSysColor(COLOR_INFOBK));
@@ -540,14 +518,9 @@ void AwtDesktopProperties::GetOtherParameters() {
     SetBooleanProperty(TEXT("win.text.fontSmoothingOn"), GetBooleanParameter(SPI_GETFONTSMOOTHING));
     // TODO END
 
-    if (IS_WINXP) {
-        SetIntegerProperty(TEXT("win.text.fontSmoothingType"),
-                           GetIntegerParameter(SPI_GETFONTSMOOTHINGTYPE));
-        SetIntegerProperty(TEXT("win.text.fontSmoothingContrast"),
-                           GetIntegerParameter(SPI_GETFONTSMOOTHINGCONTRAST));
-        SetIntegerProperty(TEXT("win.text.fontSmoothingOrientation"),
-                           GetLCDSubPixelOrder());
-    }
+    SetIntegerProperty(TEXT("win.text.fontSmoothingType"), GetIntegerParameter(SPI_GETFONTSMOOTHINGTYPE));
+    SetIntegerProperty(TEXT("win.text.fontSmoothingContrast"), GetIntegerParameter(SPI_GETFONTSMOOTHINGCONTRAST));
+    SetIntegerProperty(TEXT("win.text.fontSmoothingOrientation"), GetLCDSubPixelOrder());
 
     int cxdrag = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXDRAG);
     int cydrag = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYDRAG);
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_MenuItem.cpp b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_MenuItem.cpp
index ace140593f6..ff7e01df3e8 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_MenuItem.cpp
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_MenuItem.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -369,14 +369,8 @@ AwtMenuItem::DrawSelf(DRAWITEMSTRUCT& drawInfo)
         // Disabled text must be drawn in gray.
         crText = ::GetSysColor(bEnabled? COLOR_HIGHLIGHTTEXT : COLOR_GRAYTEXT);
     } else {
-        // COLOR_MENUBAR is only defined on WindowsXP. Our binaries are
-        // built on NT, hence the below ifdef.
-
-#ifndef COLOR_MENUBAR
-#define COLOR_MENUBAR 30
-#endif
         // Set background and text colors for unselected item
-        if (IS_WINXP && IsTopMenu() && AwtDesktopProperties::IsXPStyle()) {
+        if (IsTopMenu() && AwtDesktopProperties::IsXPStyle()) {
             crBack = ::GetSysColor (COLOR_MENUBAR);
         } else {
             crBack = ::GetSysColor (COLOR_MENU);
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Toolkit.cpp b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Toolkit.cpp
index a94c96c58c5..c91ff821cba 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Toolkit.cpp
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Toolkit.cpp
@@ -2848,41 +2848,6 @@ Java_sun_awt_windows_WToolkit_isDynamicLayoutSupportedNative(JNIEnv *env,
     CATCH_BAD_ALLOC_RET(FALSE);
 }
 
-/*
- * Class:     sun_awt_windows_WToolkit
- * Method:    printWindowsVersion
- * Signature: ()Ljava/lang/String;
- */
-JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL
-Java_sun_awt_windows_WToolkit_getWindowsVersion(JNIEnv *env, jclass cls)
-{
-    TRY;
-
-    WCHAR szVer[128];
-
-    DWORD version = ::GetVersion();
-    swprintf(szVer, 128, L"0x%x = %ld", version, version);
-    int l = lstrlen(szVer);
-
-    if (IS_WIN2000) {
-        if (IS_WINXP) {
-            if (IS_WINVISTA) {
-                swprintf(szVer + l, 128, L" (Windows Vista)");
-            } else {
-                swprintf(szVer + l, 128, L" (Windows XP)");
-            }
-        } else {
-            swprintf(szVer + l, 128, L" (Windows 2000)");
-        }
-    } else {
-        swprintf(szVer + l, 128, L" (Unknown)");
-    }
-
-    return JNU_NewStringPlatform(env, szVer);
-
-    CATCH_BAD_ALLOC_RET(NULL);
-}
-
 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
 Java_sun_awt_windows_WToolkit_showTouchKeyboard(JNIEnv *env, jobject self,
     jboolean causedByTouchEvent)

From 43838f04c35cc3f2ca1131f236d6a3af5a76ff2f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Saint Wesonga <swesonga@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 2 Jul 2026 14:41:17 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 142/707] 8387302: Disable reserved stack areas for critical
 sections on Windows AArch64

Reviewed-by: dlong, shade
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/globalDefinitions_aarch64.hpp | 2 ++
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/globals_aarch64.hpp           | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/globalDefinitions_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/globalDefinitions_aarch64.hpp
index 1e788590b64..30aa30aede9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/globalDefinitions_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/globalDefinitions_aarch64.hpp
@@ -61,7 +61,9 @@ const bool CCallingConventionRequiresIntsAsLongs = false;
 // evidence that it's worth doing.
 #define DEOPTIMIZE_WHEN_PATCHING
 
+#if !defined(_WINDOWS)
 #define SUPPORT_RESERVED_STACK_AREA
+#endif
 
 #if defined(__APPLE__) || defined(_WIN64)
 #define R18_RESERVED
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/globals_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/globals_aarch64.hpp
index 59c7e44b0e5..1db73ff0306 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/globals_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/globals_aarch64.hpp
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ define_pd_global(intx, OptoLoopAlignment,        16);
 // stack if compiled for unix and LP64. To pass stack overflow tests we need
 // 20 shadow pages.
 #define DEFAULT_STACK_SHADOW_PAGES (20 DEBUG_ONLY(+5))
-#define DEFAULT_STACK_RESERVED_PAGES (1)
+#define DEFAULT_STACK_RESERVED_PAGES (NOT_WINDOWS(1) WINDOWS_ONLY(0))
 
 #define MIN_STACK_YELLOW_PAGES DEFAULT_STACK_YELLOW_PAGES
 #define MIN_STACK_RED_PAGES    DEFAULT_STACK_RED_PAGES

From 5a781620b81ecbd699e3a32f95ef417d49d4deec Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Chris Plummer <cjplummer@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 2 Jul 2026 19:56:42 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 143/707] 8327967:
 vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/EventRequestManager/threadStartRequests/thrstartreq002/TestDescription.java
 fails intermittently

Reviewed-by: sspitsyn, dholmes
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Virtual.txt               | 1 -
 test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/jdi/JDIBase.java | 3 ++-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Virtual.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Virtual.txt
index b30a09a7710..14601f2ba6f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Virtual.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Virtual.txt
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ vmTestbase/vm/mlvm/indy/func/jvmti/mergeCP_indy2manyDiff_a/TestDescription.java
 
 vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/unit/functions/Dispose/JvmtiTest/TestDescription.java 8387429 generic-all
 vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/capability/CM02/cm02t001/TestDescription.java 8299217 generic-all
-vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/EventRequestManager/threadStartRequests/thrstartreq002/TestDescription.java 8327967 generic-all
 
 
 ####
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/jdi/JDIBase.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/jdi/JDIBase.java
index 88b1de413dd..91a06a426c0 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/jdi/JDIBase.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/jdi/JDIBase.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -242,6 +242,7 @@ protected void breakpointForCommunication() throws JDITestRuntimeException {
                 ThreadStartEvent tse = (ThreadStartEvent) event;
                 log2("ThreadStartEvent is received while waiting for a breakpoint" +
                      " event, thread: : " + tse.thread().name());
+                eventSet.resume();
                 continue;
             }
 

From 41a6eee8756ccd2ae8c511f1aacf7454aa5731db Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ashay Rane <arane@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 3 Jul 2026 04:33:51 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 144/707] 8387625: Add "dt_socket" to
 `CheckedFeatures.notImplemented` for Windows/ARM64

Reviewed-by: cjplummer, shade
---
 .../jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/jdi/ArgumentHandler.java      | 5 ++++-
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/jdi/ArgumentHandler.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/jdi/ArgumentHandler.java
index 08bfad05a04..11ccfc9447c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/jdi/ArgumentHandler.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/jdi/ArgumentHandler.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -597,6 +597,9 @@ class CheckedFeatures {
         {"windows-x64",     "com.sun.jdi.CommandLineLaunch", "dt_socket"},
         {"windows-x64",     "com.sun.jdi.RawCommandLineLaunch", "dt_socket"},
 
+        {"windows-aarch64", "com.sun.jdi.CommandLineLaunch", "dt_socket"},
+        {"windows-aarch64", "com.sun.jdi.RawCommandLineLaunch", "dt_socket"},
+
         {"macosx-amd64",     "com.sun.jdi.CommandLineLaunch", "dt_shmem"},
         {"macosx-amd64",     "com.sun.jdi.RawCommandLineLaunch", "dt_shmem"},
 

From 23d1e859c04e71a42d93862e5fab5d223608fb2b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 3 Jul 2026 06:06:00 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 145/707] 8387622: Tests producing many small output writes are
 extremely slow on Windows

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, mchevalier, kvn
---
 .../jtreg/compiler/arguments/TestC1Globals.java      |  5 +++--
 .../compiler/arguments/TestTraceTypeProfile.java     |  3 ++-
 .../jtreg/compiler/c1/TestCITimeCountLinearScan.java |  4 +++-
 .../compiler/c1/TestPrintIRDuringConstruction.java   |  6 ++++--
 .../jtreg/compiler/c1/TestTraceLinearScanLevel.java  |  5 +++--
 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestFindNode.java     |  5 +++--
 .../jtreg/compiler/c2/TestPrintIdealNodeCount.java   |  5 +++--
 .../c2/TestReduceAllocationAndNonExactAllocate.java  |  3 +--
 .../scalarReplacement/AllocationMergesTests.java     |  3 ---
 .../jtreg/compiler/debug/TestCountCompiledCalls.java |  2 +-
 .../jtreg/compiler/debug/TestLogStackAssert.java     |  6 ++++--
 .../jtreg/compiler/debug/TestTracePhaseCCP.java      |  9 +++++----
 .../jtreg/compiler/debug/TraceIterativeGVN.java      |  4 ++--
 .../loopopts/TestBadlyFormedCountedLoop.java         |  5 +++--
 .../jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestCMoveLimitType.java  |  4 ++--
 .../jtreg/compiler/print/PrintCompileQueue.java      |  4 +++-
 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/PrintInlining.java | 12 ++++++------
 .../compiler/print/TestPrintAssemblyDeoptRace.java   |  5 +++--
 .../compiler/print/TestPrintInliningLateMHCall.java  |  5 ++++-
 .../print/TestPrintInliningLateVirtualCall.java      |  5 ++++-
 .../print/TestProfileReturnTypePrinting.java         |  5 +++--
 .../jtreg/compiler/print/TestTraceOptoParse.java     |  4 +++-
 .../compiler/relocations/TestPrintRelocations.java   |  6 ++++--
 .../uncommontrap/TestDeoptDetailsLockRank.java       |  6 ++++--
 .../jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestDeoptOOM.java    |  3 ++-
 .../TestPrintDiagnosticsWithoutProfileTraps.java     |  4 ++--
 .../uncommontrap/TraceDeoptimizationNoRealloc.java   |  5 +++--
 27 files changed, 80 insertions(+), 53 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arguments/TestC1Globals.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arguments/TestC1Globals.java
index ba3d8aef191..b41b99b391b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arguments/TestC1Globals.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arguments/TestC1Globals.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,7 +27,8 @@
  * @requires vm.debug
  * @summary Test flag with c1 value numbering
  *
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+PrintValueNumbering -XX:+Verbose -XX:-UseLocalValueNumbering
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-DisplayVMOutput
+ *                   -XX:+PrintValueNumbering -XX:+Verbose -XX:-UseLocalValueNumbering
  *                   -Xcomp -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1
  *                   compiler.arguments.TestC1Globals
  */
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arguments/TestTraceTypeProfile.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arguments/TestTraceTypeProfile.java
index df1c253b689..f61018738ae 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arguments/TestTraceTypeProfile.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arguments/TestTraceTypeProfile.java
@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@
  * @test
  * @summary Test running TraceTypeProfile enabled.
  * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+TraceTypeProfile compiler.arguments.TestTraceTypeProfile
+ *                   -XX:-DisplayVMOutput -XX:+TraceTypeProfile
+ *                   compiler.arguments.TestTraceTypeProfile
  */
 
 package compiler.arguments;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/TestCITimeCountLinearScan.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/TestCITimeCountLinearScan.java
index e67a3679758..81069210ee1 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/TestCITimeCountLinearScan.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/TestCITimeCountLinearScan.java
@@ -25,7 +25,9 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 8374518
  * @summary Sanity check the flag -XX:+CITime and -XX:+CountLinearScan
- * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+CITime -XX:+CountLinearScan ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:-DisplayVMOutput -XX:+CITime -XX:+CountLinearScan
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.c1;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/TestPrintIRDuringConstruction.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/TestPrintIRDuringConstruction.java
index d406438d39f..ba2e1b081f5 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/TestPrintIRDuringConstruction.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/TestPrintIRDuringConstruction.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,7 +26,9 @@
  * @summary load/store elimination will print out instructions without bcis.
  * @bug 8235383
  * @requires vm.debug == true & vm.compiler1.enabled
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+TieredCompilation -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1 -Xcomp -XX:+PrintIRDuringConstruction -XX:+Verbose compiler.c1.TestPrintIRDuringConstruction
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+TieredCompilation -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1 -Xcomp
+ *                   -XX:-DisplayVMOutput -XX:+PrintIRDuringConstruction -XX:+Verbose
+ *                   compiler.c1.TestPrintIRDuringConstruction
  */
 
 package compiler.c1;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/TestTraceLinearScanLevel.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/TestTraceLinearScanLevel.java
index 233498d3c04..7eafb5b1c50 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/TestTraceLinearScanLevel.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/TestTraceLinearScanLevel.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,7 +27,8 @@
  * @summary Sanity check the flag TraceLinearScanLevel with the highest level in a silent HelloWorld program.
  *
  * @requires vm.debug == true & vm.compiler1.enabled & vm.compMode != "Xcomp"
- * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:TraceLinearScanLevel=4 compiler.c1.TestTraceLinearScanLevel
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-DisplayVMOutput -XX:TraceLinearScanLevel=4
+ *                   compiler.c1.TestTraceLinearScanLevel
  */
 package compiler.c1;
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestFindNode.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestFindNode.java
index fa545da7e58..09f94a18f69 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestFindNode.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestFindNode.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,7 +27,8 @@
  * @requires vm.debug == true & vm.flavor == "server"
  * @summary Test which uses some special flags in order to test Node::find() in debug builds which could result in an endless loop or a stack overflow crash.
  *
- * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=option,*::*,bool,Vectorize,true
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-DisplayVMOutput
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=option,*::*,bool,Vectorize,true
  *                   -XX:+PrintOpto -XX:+TraceLoopOpts compiler.c2.TestFindNode
  */
 package compiler.c2;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestPrintIdealNodeCount.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestPrintIdealNodeCount.java
index af252265b76..aeb391ea15f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestPrintIdealNodeCount.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestPrintIdealNodeCount.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,7 +27,8 @@
  * @requires vm.debug == true & vm.compiler2.enabled
  * @summary Run with -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation to force C2 compilations to test -XX:+PrintIdealNodeCount in debug builds.
  *
- * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+PrintIdealNodeCount compiler.c2.TestPrintIdealNodeCount
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:-DisplayVMOutput
+ *                   -XX:+PrintIdealNodeCount compiler.c2.TestPrintIdealNodeCount
  */
 package compiler.c2;
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestReduceAllocationAndNonExactAllocate.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestReduceAllocationAndNonExactAllocate.java
index 1146d189ce2..ccb00c635c5 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestReduceAllocationAndNonExactAllocate.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestReduceAllocationAndNonExactAllocate.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@
  *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*::allocateInstance
  *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*TestReduceAllocationAndNonExactAllocate*::*
  *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+TraceReduceAllocationMerges
  *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation
  *                   -Xbatch
  *                   -Xcomp
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/scalarReplacement/AllocationMergesTests.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/scalarReplacement/AllocationMergesTests.java
index 2c84ad2676e..8f24cb46e20 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/scalarReplacement/AllocationMergesTests.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/scalarReplacement/AllocationMergesTests.java
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
 
         Scenario scenario0 = new Scenario(0, "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
                                              "-XX:+ReduceAllocationMerges",
-                                             "-XX:+TraceReduceAllocationMerges",
                                              "-XX:+DeoptimizeALot",
                                              "-XX:+UseCompressedOops",
                                              "-XX:CompileCommand=inline,*::charAt*",
@@ -54,7 +53,6 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
 
         Scenario scenario1 = new Scenario(2, "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
                                              "-XX:+ReduceAllocationMerges",
-                                             "-XX:+TraceReduceAllocationMerges",
                                              "-XX:+DeoptimizeALot",
                                              "-XX:-UseCompressedOops",
                                              "-XX:CompileCommand=inline,*::charAt*",
@@ -65,7 +63,6 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
 
         Scenario scenario2 = new Scenario(3, "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
                                              "-XX:+ReduceAllocationMerges",
-                                             "-XX:+TraceReduceAllocationMerges",
                                              "-XX:+DeoptimizeALot",
                                              "-XX:+UseCompressedOops",
                                              "-XX:-OptimizePtrCompare",
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/debug/TestCountCompiledCalls.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/debug/TestCountCompiledCalls.java
index 1a3fdf6e9d6..551c22c1377 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/debug/TestCountCompiledCalls.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/debug/TestCountCompiledCalls.java
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
  * @bug 8382057
  * @requires vm.debug == true
  *
- * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:+CountCompiledCalls ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-DisplayVMOutput -XX:+CountCompiledCalls ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.debug;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/debug/TestLogStackAssert.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/debug/TestLogStackAssert.java
index 042abc23fcc..8ad971bc68d 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/debug/TestLogStackAssert.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/debug/TestLogStackAssert.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -28,7 +28,9 @@
  * @bug 8344013
  * @requires vm.debug == true & vm.compiler2.enabled
  * @summary Verify the xmlStream log stack is not left in a bad state
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+LogCompilation -XX:CompileCommand=log,*.* -XX:+CITimeVerbose -Xcomp compiler.debug.TestLogStackAssert
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-DisplayVMOutput -XX:+LogCompilation
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=log,*.* -XX:+CITimeVerbose -Xcomp
+ *                   compiler.debug.TestLogStackAssert
  */
 public class TestLogStackAssert {
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/debug/TestTracePhaseCCP.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/debug/TestTracePhaseCCP.java
index b46aac9a824..6de08c97329 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/debug/TestTracePhaseCCP.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/debug/TestTracePhaseCCP.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,9 +27,10 @@
  * @requires vm.debug == true & vm.compiler2.enabled
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  *
- * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.debug.TestTracePhaseCCP::test
- * -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.debug.TestTracePhaseCCP::test -XX:+TracePhaseCCP
- * compiler.debug.TestTracePhaseCCP
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-DisplayVMOutput
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.debug.TestTracePhaseCCP::test
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.debug.TestTracePhaseCCP::test
+ *                   -XX:+TracePhaseCCP compiler.debug.TestTracePhaseCCP
  */
 
 package compiler.debug;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/debug/TraceIterativeGVN.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/debug/TraceIterativeGVN.java
index 8e6169f07dc..9d31cabd825 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/debug/TraceIterativeGVN.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/debug/TraceIterativeGVN.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (C) 2021, Tencent. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 /*
  * @test
  * @requires vm.debug == true & vm.compiler2.enabled
- * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:-DisplayVMOutput
  *                   -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+TraceIterativeGVN
  *                   compiler.debug.TraceIterativeGVN
  */
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestBadlyFormedCountedLoop.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestBadlyFormedCountedLoop.java
index d8b6fc3fdfb..9375e7b7f40 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestBadlyFormedCountedLoop.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestBadlyFormedCountedLoop.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2022, Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 8273115
  * @summary CountedLoopEndNode::stride_con crash in debug build with -XX:+TraceLoopOpts
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+TraceLoopOpts -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:-DisplayVMOutput -XX:+TraceLoopOpts -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation
  *                   -XX:CompileOnly=TestBadlyFormedCountedLoop::main TestBadlyFormedCountedLoop
  */
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestCMoveLimitType.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestCMoveLimitType.java
index 3b2c82afc46..10f2e0c113a 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestCMoveLimitType.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/TestCMoveLimitType.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
  * @key stress randomness
  * @bug 8299975
  * @summary Limit underflow protection CMoveINode in PhaseIdealLoop::do_unroll must also protect type from underflow
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-DisplayVMOutput -XX:-TieredCompilation
  *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.loopopts.TestCMoveLimitType::test*
  *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.loopopts.TestCMoveLimitType::dontInline
  *                   -XX:RepeatCompilation=50 -XX:+StressIGVN
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/PrintCompileQueue.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/PrintCompileQueue.java
index ee368b54bea..b633cfa46ca 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/PrintCompileQueue.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/PrintCompileQueue.java
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2019, Loongson Technology Co. Ltd. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,7 +26,8 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 8230943
  * @summary possible deadlock was detected when ran with -XX:+CIPrintCompileQueue
- * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+CIPrintCompileQueue
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-DisplayVMOutput
+ *                   -XX:+CIPrintCompileQueue
  *                   compiler.print.PrintCompileQueue
  *
  */
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/PrintInlining.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/PrintInlining.java
index 4b45a32949f..486231cc50f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/PrintInlining.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/PrintInlining.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2013, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,12 +25,12 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 8022585 8277055
  * @summary VM crashes when ran with -XX:+PrintInlining
- * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+PrintInlining
- *                   compiler.print.PrintInlining
- * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+PrintInlining
- *                   compiler.print.PrintInlining
- * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+PrintIntrinsics
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-DisplayVMOutput -XX:+PrintInlining
  *                   compiler.print.PrintInlining
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:-DisplayVMOutput -XX:+PrintInlining compiler.print.PrintInlining
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:-DisplayVMOutput -XX:+PrintIntrinsics compiler.print.PrintInlining
  */
 
 package compiler.print;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/TestPrintAssemblyDeoptRace.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/TestPrintAssemblyDeoptRace.java
index 22ce12f9641..726f7820797 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/TestPrintAssemblyDeoptRace.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/TestPrintAssemblyDeoptRace.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 8258229
  * @summary If a method is made not entrant while printing the assembly, hotspot crashes due to mismatched relocation information.
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+DeoptimizeALot
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:-DisplayVMOutput -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+DeoptimizeALot
  *                   -XX:CompileCommand=print,java/math/BitSieve.bit compiler.print.TestPrintAssemblyDeoptRace
  */
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/TestPrintInliningLateMHCall.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/TestPrintInliningLateMHCall.java
index 529469e3a95..85d3e19504c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/TestPrintInliningLateMHCall.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/TestPrintInliningLateMHCall.java
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2024, Red Hat and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,7 +26,9 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 8335843
  * @summary C2 hits assert(_print_inlining_stream->size() > 0) failed: missing inlining msg
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-BackgroundCompilation -XX:+PrintCompilation -XX:+PrintInlining TestPrintInliningLateMHCall
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-DisplayVMOutput
+ *                   -XX:-BackgroundCompilation -XX:+PrintCompilation -XX:+PrintInlining
+ *                   TestPrintInliningLateMHCall
  */
 
 import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/TestPrintInliningLateVirtualCall.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/TestPrintInliningLateVirtualCall.java
index f73e30badcb..63a7215bf5b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/TestPrintInliningLateVirtualCall.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/TestPrintInliningLateVirtualCall.java
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2024, Red Hat and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,7 +26,9 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 8327741
  * @summary JVM crash in hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp - failed: missing inlining msg
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-BackgroundCompilation -XX:+PrintCompilation -XX:+PrintInlining TestPrintInliningLateVirtualCall
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-DisplayVMOutput
+ *                   -XX:-BackgroundCompilation -XX:+PrintCompilation -XX:+PrintInlining
+ *                   TestPrintInliningLateVirtualCall
  */
 
 public class TestPrintInliningLateVirtualCall {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/TestProfileReturnTypePrinting.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/TestProfileReturnTypePrinting.java
index 15f60ac3e77..cb5f67bc61c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/TestProfileReturnTypePrinting.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/TestProfileReturnTypePrinting.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@
  * @bug 8073154
  * @run main/othervm -XX:TypeProfileLevel=020
  *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.print.TestProfileReturnTypePrinting::testMethod
- *                   -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+PrintLIR
+ *                   -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:-DisplayVMOutput -XX:+PrintLIR
  *                   compiler.print.TestProfileReturnTypePrinting
  * @summary Verify that c1's LIR that contains ProfileType node could be dumped
  *          without a crash disregard to an exact class knowledge.
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/TestTraceOptoParse.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/TestTraceOptoParse.java
index 52a7aba1a7e..3d3b242b4ce 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/TestTraceOptoParse.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/print/TestTraceOptoParse.java
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2022, Tencent. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,7 +27,8 @@
  * @bug 8293785
  * @summary test for -XX:+TraceOptoParse
  * @requires vm.debug & vm.compiler2.enabled
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+TraceOptoParse compiler.print.TestTraceOptoParse
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-DisplayVMOutput -XX:+TraceOptoParse
+ *                   compiler.print.TestTraceOptoParse
  *
  */
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/relocations/TestPrintRelocations.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/relocations/TestPrintRelocations.java
index 7c84450c778..29508cf9092 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/relocations/TestPrintRelocations.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/relocations/TestPrintRelocations.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,7 +26,9 @@
  * @bug 8044538
  * @summary assert hit while printing relocations for jump table entries
  *
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -Xcomp -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,java.lang.String*::* -XX:+PrintRelocations
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:-DisplayVMOutput -Xcomp
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,java.lang.String*::* -XX:+PrintRelocations
  *                   compiler.relocations.TestPrintRelocations
  */
 /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestDeoptDetailsLockRank.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestDeoptDetailsLockRank.java
index 2866a84ba46..7bbe82c7311 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestDeoptDetailsLockRank.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestDeoptDetailsLockRank.java
@@ -26,7 +26,9 @@
  * @bug 8374862
  * @summary Regression test for -XX:+Verbose -XX:+WizardMode -XX:+PrintDeoptimizationDetails crash
  * @requires vm.debug
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+Verbose -XX:+WizardMode -XX:+PrintDeoptimizationDetails compiler.uncommontrap.TestDeoptDetailsLockRank
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-DisplayVMOutput
+ *                   -XX:+Verbose -XX:+WizardMode -XX:+PrintDeoptimizationDetails
+ *                   compiler.uncommontrap.TestDeoptDetailsLockRank
  */
 
 package compiler.uncommontrap;
@@ -36,4 +38,4 @@ public class TestDeoptDetailsLockRank {
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         System.out.println("passed");
     }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestDeoptOOM.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestDeoptOOM.java
index 7a4f15d6461..21a3c08b665 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestDeoptOOM.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestDeoptOOM.java
@@ -41,7 +41,8 @@
  *      -XX:CompileCommand=exclude,compiler.uncommontrap.TestDeoptOOM::main
  *      -XX:CompileCommand=exclude,compiler.uncommontrap.TestDeoptOOM::m9_1
  *      -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *      -XX:+UseZGC -XX:+LogCompilation -XX:+PrintDeoptimizationDetails -XX:+TraceDeoptimization -XX:+Verbose
+ *      -XX:-DisplayVMOutput -XX:+UseZGC -XX:+LogCompilation
+ *      -XX:+PrintDeoptimizationDetails -XX:+TraceDeoptimization -XX:+Verbose
  *      compiler.uncommontrap.TestDeoptOOM
  */
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestPrintDiagnosticsWithoutProfileTraps.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestPrintDiagnosticsWithoutProfileTraps.java
index 51b30219aca..6fb22ec0759 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestPrintDiagnosticsWithoutProfileTraps.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestPrintDiagnosticsWithoutProfileTraps.java
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
  *          -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xcomp crash
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @requires vm.debug
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+TraceDeoptimization -XX:-ProfileTraps
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-DisplayVMOutput -XX:+TraceDeoptimization -XX:-ProfileTraps
  *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xcomp -Xbatch
  *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.uncommontrap.TestPrintDiagnosticsWithoutProfileTraps::test
  *                   compiler.uncommontrap.TestPrintDiagnosticsWithoutProfileTraps
@@ -55,4 +55,4 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
         test();
         System.out.println("passed");
     }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TraceDeoptimizationNoRealloc.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TraceDeoptimizationNoRealloc.java
index 4cd10a1a63e..abac84cdf23 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TraceDeoptimizationNoRealloc.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TraceDeoptimizationNoRealloc.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,7 +27,8 @@
  * @summary -XX:+TraceDeoptimization tries to print realloc'ed objects even when there are none
  *
  * @run main/othervm -XX:-BackgroundCompilation -XX:-UseOnStackReplacement
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+TraceDeoptimization
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-DisplayVMOutput
+ *                   -XX:+TraceDeoptimization
  *                   compiler.uncommontrap.TraceDeoptimizationNoRealloc
  */
 

From 298965828c2ba45e7264c8560f36a3edb7449331 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: zifeihan <cg02554262@alibaba-inc.com>
Date: Fri, 3 Jul 2026 06:37:54 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 146/707] 8387078: RISC-V: x27 can be allocated in
 CompressedOops mode

Reviewed-by: dzhang, fyang
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad | 5 +++--
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
index 7bfff4b2086..e022dcb4262 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
@@ -1105,8 +1105,9 @@ void reg_mask_init() {
   _NO_SPECIAL_PTR_REG_mask.assignFrom(_ALL_REG_mask);
   _NO_SPECIAL_PTR_REG_mask.subtract(_NON_ALLOCATABLE_REG_mask);
 
-  // x27 is not allocatable when compressed oops is on
-  if (UseCompressedOops) {
+  // x27 is not allocatable when compressed oops is on and heapbase is not zero,
+  // compressed klass pointers doesn't use x27 when heapbase is zero.
+  if (UseCompressedOops && (CompressedOops::base() != nullptr)) {
     _NO_SPECIAL_REG32_mask.remove(OptoReg::as_OptoReg(x27->as_VMReg()));
     _NO_SPECIAL_REG_mask.remove(OptoReg::as_OptoReg(x27->as_VMReg()));
     _NO_SPECIAL_PTR_REG_mask.remove(OptoReg::as_OptoReg(x27->as_VMReg()));

From 16da9173a7a0fb0511a6924e407e7125a9725f93 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Manuel=20H=C3=A4ssig?= <mhaessig@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 3 Jul 2026 06:38:10 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 147/707] 8381880: Test
 compiler/c1/TestTooManyVirtualRegistersMain.java uses wrong class in
 CompileCommand

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, shade
---
 .../jtreg/compiler/c1/TestTooManyVirtualRegistersMain.java  | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/TestTooManyVirtualRegistersMain.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/TestTooManyVirtualRegistersMain.java
index eff52cce7bb..b712fd2bdf3 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/TestTooManyVirtualRegistersMain.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/TestTooManyVirtualRegistersMain.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@
  *          The test should bail out in C1.
  *
  * @compile TestTooManyVirtualRegisters.jasm
- * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.c1.TestExceptionBlockWithPredecessors::*
- *                   compiler.c1.TestTooManyVirtualRegistersMain
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.c1.TestTooManyVirtualRegisters::*
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.c1;

From 79be204abffe59bcd76e8d998cbc08c02a6dd6fa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 3 Jul 2026 12:35:21 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 148/707] 8387465: Remove isXP() function from
 WPathGraphics.java

Reviewed-by: aivanov, mdoerr
---
 .../classes/sun/awt/windows/WPathGraphics.java    | 15 ++-------------
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/windows/WPathGraphics.java b/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/windows/WPathGraphics.java
index 87b1591c0eb..6be79ccaadf 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/windows/WPathGraphics.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/windows/WPathGraphics.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -312,16 +312,6 @@ protected int platformFontCount(Font font, String str) {
         }
     }
 
-    private static boolean isXP() {
-        String osVersion = System.getProperty("os.version");
-        if (osVersion != null) {
-            float version = Float.parseFloat(osVersion);
-            return version >= 5.1f;
-        } else {
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-
     /* In case GDI doesn't handle shaping or BIDI consistently with
      * 2D's TextLayout, we can detect these cases and redelegate up to
      * be drawn via TextLayout, which in is rendered as runs of
@@ -335,8 +325,7 @@ private boolean strNeedsTextLayout(String str, Font font) {
         } else if (!useGDITextLayout) {
             return true;
         } else {
-            if (preferGDITextLayout ||
-                (isXP() && FontUtilities.textLayoutIsCompatible(font))) {
+            if (preferGDITextLayout || FontUtilities.textLayoutIsCompatible(font)) {
                 return false;
             } else {
                 return true;

From 0d84d84ad29824147ab000c9284928980473fcb7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Stuefe <stuefe@openjdk.org>
Date: Sat, 4 Jul 2026 04:53:08 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 149/707] 8387660: Oop verification is sometimes wrong

Reviewed-by: shade, kvn
---
 .../gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp      |  4 ++--
 .../aarch64/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp  |  5 ++---
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp |  9 +++++++--
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp |  1 +
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp  |  2 +-
 .../riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp  |  4 ++--
 .../cpu/riscv/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp  |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp     | 13 ++++++++-----
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.hpp     |  1 +
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp      |  2 +-
 .../cpu/x86/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp  |  4 ++--
 .../cpu/x86/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp      |  4 ++--
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp         | 14 ++++++++------
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.hpp         |  1 +
 .../cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_arraycopy.cpp     |  4 ++--
 15 files changed, 41 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 38efcf80650..93781bb14bf 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -389,8 +389,8 @@ void BarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register
   __ cbnz(tmp1, error);
 
   // make sure klass is 'reasonable', which is not zero.
-  __ load_klass(obj, obj); // get klass
-  __ cbz(obj, error);      // if klass is null it is broken
+  __ load_narrow_klass(tmp1, obj); // get klass
+  __ cbz(tmp1, error);      // if klass is null it is broken
 }
 
 void BarrierSetAssembler::try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(MacroAssembler* masm, Register weak_handle, Register obj, Register tmp, Label& slow_path) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 7c320d835e7..f07f899e869 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -1385,9 +1385,8 @@ void ZBarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Registe
   __ bind(check_oop);
 
   // make sure klass is 'reasonable', which is not zero.
-  __ load_klass(tmp1, obj);  // get klass
-  __ tst(tmp1, tmp1);
-  __ br(Assembler::EQ, error); // if klass is null it is broken
+  __ load_narrow_klass(tmp1, obj); // get narrow klass
+  __ cbz(tmp1, error);      // if klass is null it is broken
 
   __ bind(check_zaddress);
   // Check if the oop is in the right area of memory
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index d5e220fd4a3..62a6f61599c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -5097,7 +5097,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::load_method_holder(Register holder, Register method) {
   ldr(holder, Address(holder, ConstantPool::pool_holder_offset()));          // InstanceKlass*
 }
 
-// Loads the obj's Klass* into dst.
+// Loads the obj's narrow Klass from a compact object header (+COH) into dst.
 // Preserves all registers (incl src, rscratch1 and rscratch2).
 // Input:
 // src - the oop we want to load the klass from.
@@ -5108,12 +5108,17 @@ void MacroAssembler::load_narrow_klass_compact(Register dst, Register src) {
   lsr(dst, dst, markWord::klass_shift);
 }
 
-void MacroAssembler::load_klass(Register dst, Register src) {
+// Loads the obj's narrow Klass from any header (compact or not) into dst.
+void MacroAssembler::load_narrow_klass(Register dst, Register src) {
   if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
     load_narrow_klass_compact(dst, src);
   } else {
     ldrw(dst, Address(src, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()));
   }
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::load_klass(Register dst, Register src) {
+  load_narrow_klass(dst, src);
   decode_klass_not_null(dst);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
index 9c722cd297e..740b783cbd4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
@@ -924,6 +924,7 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
 
   // oop manipulations
   void load_narrow_klass_compact(Register dst, Register src);
+  void load_narrow_klass(Register dst, Register src);
   void load_klass(Register dst, Register src);
   void store_klass(Register dst, Register src);
   void cmp_klass(Register obj, Register klass, Register tmp);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
index 2ad7e00817c..f6ed5c2862a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
@@ -2578,7 +2578,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       __ bind(L1);
       __ stop("broken null klass");
       __ bind(L2);
-      __ load_klass(rscratch1, dst);
+      __ load_narrow_klass(rscratch1, dst);
       __ cbz(rscratch1, L1);     // this would be broken also
       BLOCK_COMMENT("} assert klasses not null done");
     }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
index fd78b429ee4..f16b22e5575 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -352,8 +352,8 @@ void BarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register
   __ bne(tmp1, tmp2, error);
 
   // Make sure klass is 'reasonable', which is not zero.
-  __ load_klass(obj, obj, tmp1); // get klass
-  __ beqz(obj, error);           // if klass is null it is broken
+  __ load_narrow_klass(tmp1, obj); // get klass
+  __ beqz(tmp1, error);           // if klass is null it is broken
 }
 
 void BarrierSetAssembler::try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(MacroAssembler* masm, Register weak_handle, Register obj,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
index bf37ccf64e2..2f8491dd592 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -1039,7 +1039,7 @@ void ZBarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Registe
   __ bind(check_oop);
 
   // Make sure klass is 'reasonable', which is not zero
-  __ load_klass(tmp1, obj, tmp2);
+  __ load_narrow_klass(tmp1, obj);
   __ beqz(tmp1, error);
 
   __ bind(check_zaddress);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
index d93329544a7..7a339d83d25 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -3767,18 +3767,21 @@ void MacroAssembler::load_narrow_klass_compact(Register dst, Register src) {
   srli(dst, dst, markWord::klass_shift);
 }
 
-void MacroAssembler::load_klass(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp) {
-  assert_different_registers(dst, tmp);
-  assert_different_registers(src, tmp);
+void MacroAssembler::load_narrow_klass(Register dst, Register src) {
   if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
     load_narrow_klass_compact(dst, src);
-    decode_klass_not_null(dst, tmp);
   } else {
     lwu(dst, Address(src, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()));
-    decode_klass_not_null(dst, tmp);
   }
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::load_klass(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp) {
+  assert_different_registers(dst, tmp);
+  assert_different_registers(src, tmp);
+  load_narrow_klass(dst, src);
+  decode_klass_not_null(dst, tmp);
+}
+
 void MacroAssembler::store_klass(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp) {
   // FIXME: Should this be a store release? concurrent gcs assumes
   // klass length is valid if klass field is not null.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.hpp
index a5ad7eeaa5f..f28e828fb65 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.hpp
@@ -197,6 +197,7 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
                        Register val, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3);
   void load_klass(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp = t0);
   void load_narrow_klass_compact(Register dst, Register src);
+  void load_narrow_klass(Register dst, Register src);
   void store_klass(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp = t0);
   void cmp_klass_beq(Register obj, Register klass,
                      Register tmp1, Register tmp2,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp
index 13f3ed4de89..82e5a49faf0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp
@@ -1898,7 +1898,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       __ bind(L1);
       __ stop("broken null klass");
       __ bind(L2);
-      __ load_klass(t0, dst, t1);
+      __ load_narrow_klass(t0, dst);
       __ beqz(t0, L1);     // this would be broken also
       BLOCK_COMMENT("} assert klasses not null done");
     }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
index 731eef09c37..265d9b16397 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -357,8 +357,8 @@ void BarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register
   __ jcc(Assembler::notZero, error);
 
   // make sure klass is 'reasonable', which is not zero.
-  __ load_klass(obj, obj, tmp1);  // get klass
-  __ testptr(obj, obj);
+  __ load_narrow_klass(tmp1, obj); // get narrow Klass
+  __ testl(tmp1, tmp1);
   __ jcc(Assembler::zero, error); // if klass is null it is broken
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
index 3301d6ace49..12e9cfa4573 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -1551,8 +1551,8 @@ void ZBarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Registe
   __ bind(check_oop);
 
   // make sure klass is 'reasonable', which is not zero.
-  __ load_klass(tmp1, obj, tmp2);  // get klass
-  __ testptr(tmp1, tmp1);
+  __ load_narrow_klass(tmp1, obj); // get narrow klass
+  __ testl(tmp1, tmp1);
   __ jcc(Assembler::zero, error); // if klass is null it is broken
 
   __ bind(check_zaddress);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
index 80dd7ccfbca..d1250f0820f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -5434,19 +5434,21 @@ void MacroAssembler::load_narrow_klass_compact(Register dst, Register src) {
   shrq(dst, markWord::klass_shift);
 }
 
-void MacroAssembler::load_klass(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp) {
-  assert_different_registers(src, tmp);
-  assert_different_registers(dst, tmp);
-
+void MacroAssembler::load_narrow_klass(Register dst, Register src) {
   if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
     load_narrow_klass_compact(dst, src);
-    decode_klass_not_null(dst, tmp);
   } else {
     movl(dst, Address(src, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()));
-    decode_klass_not_null(dst, tmp);
   }
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::load_klass(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp) {
+  assert_different_registers(src, tmp);
+  assert_different_registers(dst, tmp);
+  load_narrow_klass(dst, src);
+  decode_klass_not_null(dst, tmp);
+}
+
 void MacroAssembler::store_klass(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp) {
   assert(!UseCompactObjectHeaders, "not with compact headers");
   assert_different_registers(src, tmp);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.hpp
index de5ec02fe43..a74c7b16f3e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.hpp
@@ -350,6 +350,7 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
 
   // oop manipulations
   void load_narrow_klass_compact(Register dst, Register src);
+  void load_narrow_klass(Register dst, Register src);
   void load_klass(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp);
   void store_klass(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_arraycopy.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_arraycopy.cpp
index e7dc416a961..a45340b8800 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_arraycopy.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_arraycopy.cpp
@@ -3571,8 +3571,8 @@ address StubGenerator::generate_generic_copy(address byte_copy_entry, address sh
     __ bind(L1);
     __ stop("broken null klass");
     __ bind(L2);
-    __ load_klass(rax, dst, rklass_tmp);
-    __ cmpq(rax, 0);
+    __ load_narrow_klass(rax, dst);
+    __ testl(rax, rax);
     __ jcc(Assembler::equal, L1);     // this would be broken also
     BLOCK_COMMENT("} assert klasses not null done");
   }

From cb511b64e981a0fb32b777d9ac8bf5a08cdc694f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Benjamin Peterson <bpeterson@openjdk.org>
Date: Sat, 4 Jul 2026 18:10:55 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 150/707] 8387704: java/nio/file/DirectoryStream/SecureDS.java
 failing with AccessDeniedException

Reviewed-by: alanb
---
 test/jdk/java/nio/file/DirectoryStream/SecureDS.java | 9 +++++++--
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/java/nio/file/DirectoryStream/SecureDS.java b/test/jdk/java/nio/file/DirectoryStream/SecureDS.java
index f3321a8c04d..e481f6f1594 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/nio/file/DirectoryStream/SecureDS.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/nio/file/DirectoryStream/SecureDS.java
@@ -216,8 +216,13 @@ static void doSetPermissions(Path dir) throws IOException {
                 view = stream.getFileAttributeView(fileEntry, PosixFileAttributeView.class, NOFOLLOW_LINKS);
                 view.setPermissions(noperms);
                 assertEquals(noperms, getPosixFilePermissions(file));
-                view.setPermissions(permsFile);
-                assertEquals(permsFile, getPosixFilePermissions(file));
+                try {
+                    view.setPermissions(permsFile);
+                    assertEquals(permsFile, getPosixFilePermissions(file));
+                } catch (AccessDeniedException e) {
+                    // Fails on older Linux systems without fchmodat AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW support
+                    setPosixFilePermissions(file, permsFile);
+                }
 
                 // Test following link to file
                 view = stream.getFileAttributeView(link, PosixFileAttributeView.class);

From 9a8592117745193ff90ccf510ad0344a18b2d3d5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Prasanta Sadhukhan <psadhukhan@openjdk.org>
Date: Sun, 5 Jul 2026 06:09:54 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 151/707] 8387693: Remove unused method

Reviewed-by: azvegint
---
 .../swing/plaf/basic/BasicProgressBarUI.java   | 18 ------------------
 1 file changed, 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/plaf/basic/BasicProgressBarUI.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/plaf/basic/BasicProgressBarUI.java
index d249bf0bc9d..6f58fd9cdb6 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/plaf/basic/BasicProgressBarUI.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/plaf/basic/BasicProgressBarUI.java
@@ -1165,24 +1165,6 @@ private int initRepaintInterval() {
         return repaintInterval;
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the number of milliseconds per animation cycle.
-     * This value is meaningful
-     * only if the progress bar is in indeterminate mode.
-     * The cycle time is used by the default indeterminate progress bar
-     * painting code when determining
-     * how far to move the bouncing box per frame.
-     * The cycle time is specified by
-     * the "ProgressBar.cycleTime" UI default
-     * and adjusted, if necessary,
-     * by the initIndeterminateDefaults method.
-     *
-     * @return  the cycle time, in milliseconds
-     */
-    private int getCycleTime() {
-        return cycleTime;
-    }
-
     private int initCycleTime() {
         cycleTime = DefaultLookup.getInt(progressBar, this,
                 "ProgressBar.cycleTime", 3000);

From 92b0565b00fcdae354bd101c762974b47e075f40 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: April Ivy <ivyapril2005@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 5 Jul 2026 07:22:35 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 152/707] 8386802: ClassFile Util.entryList should consider
 non-RandomAccess lists

Reviewed-by: liach
---
 .../classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/Util.java    | 12 +++++++-----
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/Util.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/Util.java
index 6411c939549..d19dd202432 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/Util.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/Util.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -189,16 +189,18 @@ public int size() {
 
     public static List<ClassEntry> entryList(List<? extends ClassDesc> list) {
         var result = new Object[list.size()]; // null check
-        for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
-            result[i] = TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.classEntry(list.get(i));
+        int i = 0;
+        for (var entry : list) {
+            result[i++] = TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.classEntry(entry);
         }
         return SharedSecrets.getJavaUtilCollectionAccess().listFromTrustedArray(result);
     }
 
     public static List<ModuleEntry> moduleEntryList(List<? extends ModuleDesc> list) {
         var result = new Object[list.size()]; // null check
-        for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
-            result[i] = TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.moduleEntry(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.utf8Entry(list.get(i).name()));
+        int i = 0;
+        for (var entry : list) {
+            result[i++] = TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.moduleEntry(entry);
         }
         return SharedSecrets.getJavaUtilCollectionAccess().listFromTrustedArray(result);
     }

From 6e7e6f0bbf60b67c2e4f533a0edd8e867d954d31 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eric Fang <erfang@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 6 Jul 2026 05:41:02 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 153/707] 8383905: AArch64: Improve code generation for long
 vector multiply

Reviewed-by: aph, xgong
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_vector.ad     |  92 ++++++++++-
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_vector_ad.m4  |  59 ++++++-
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/assembler_aarch64.hpp |  16 ++
 test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/aarch64-asmtest.py |   4 +
 test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/asmtest.out.h      |  49 +++---
 .../compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java     |  20 +++
 .../TestVectorMulLongToSignedUnsignedInt.java | 153 +++++++++++++++---
 .../compiler/vectorapi/VectorMultiplyOpt.java | 107 ++++++++++--
 8 files changed, 441 insertions(+), 59 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_vector.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_vector.ad
index 12f98bb8549..c06c8b856b7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_vector.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_vector.ad
@@ -1157,7 +1157,8 @@ instruct vmulI_sve(vReg dst_src1, vReg src2) %{
 // vector mul - LONG
 
 instruct vmulL_neon(vReg dst, vReg src1, vReg src2) %{
-  predicate(UseSVE == 0);
+  predicate(UseSVE == 0 && !n->as_MulVL()->has_int_inputs() &&
+            !n->as_MulVL()->has_uint_inputs());
   match(Set dst (MulVL src1 src2));
   format %{ "vmulL_neon $dst, $src1, $src2\t# 2L" %}
   ins_encode %{
@@ -1175,8 +1176,75 @@ instruct vmulL_neon(vReg dst, vReg src1, vReg src2) %{
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
 
+// Specialization of vmulL_int_neon when both inputs are the same IR node
+// (e.g. v * v). Avoids one redundant xtn and saves one temporary register.
+instruct vmulL_int_neon_same(vReg dst, vReg src, vReg tmp) %{
+  predicate(UseSVE == 0 && n->as_MulVL()->has_int_inputs() &&
+            n->in(1) == n->in(2));
+  match(Set dst (MulVL src src));
+  effect(TEMP tmp);
+  format %{ "vmulL_int_neon_same $dst, $src, $src\t# 2L. KILL $tmp" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    uint length_in_bytes = Matcher::vector_length_in_bytes(this);
+    assert(length_in_bytes == 16, "must be");
+    __ xtn($tmp$$FloatRegister, __ T2S, $src$$FloatRegister, __ T2D);
+    __ smullv($dst$$FloatRegister, __ T2S, $tmp$$FloatRegister, $tmp$$FloatRegister);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
+instruct vmulL_int_neon(vReg dst, vReg src1, vReg src2, vReg tmp1, vReg tmp2) %{
+  predicate(UseSVE == 0 && n->as_MulVL()->has_int_inputs() &&
+            n->in(1) != n->in(2));
+  match(Set dst (MulVL src1 src2));
+  effect(TEMP tmp1, TEMP tmp2);
+  format %{ "vmulL_int_neon $dst, $src1, $src2\t# 2L. KILL $tmp1, $tmp2" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    uint length_in_bytes = Matcher::vector_length_in_bytes(this);
+    assert(length_in_bytes == 16, "must be");
+    __ xtn($tmp1$$FloatRegister, __ T2S, $src1$$FloatRegister, __ T2D);
+    __ xtn($tmp2$$FloatRegister, __ T2S, $src2$$FloatRegister, __ T2D);
+    __ smullv($dst$$FloatRegister, __ T2S, $tmp1$$FloatRegister, $tmp2$$FloatRegister);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
+// Specialization of vmulL_uint_neon when both inputs are the same IR node
+// (e.g. v * v). Avoids one redundant xtn and saves one temporary register.
+instruct vmulL_uint_neon_same(vReg dst, vReg src, vReg tmp) %{
+  predicate(UseSVE == 0 && n->as_MulVL()->has_uint_inputs() &&
+            n->in(1) == n->in(2));
+  match(Set dst (MulVL src src));
+  effect(TEMP tmp);
+  format %{ "vmulL_uint_neon_same $dst, $src, $src\t# 2L. KILL $tmp" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    uint length_in_bytes = Matcher::vector_length_in_bytes(this);
+    assert(length_in_bytes == 16, "must be");
+    __ xtn($tmp$$FloatRegister, __ T2S, $src$$FloatRegister, __ T2D);
+    __ umullv($dst$$FloatRegister, __ T2S, $tmp$$FloatRegister, $tmp$$FloatRegister);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
+instruct vmulL_uint_neon(vReg dst, vReg src1, vReg src2, vReg tmp1, vReg tmp2) %{
+  predicate(UseSVE == 0 && n->as_MulVL()->has_uint_inputs() &&
+            n->in(1) != n->in(2));
+  match(Set dst (MulVL src1 src2));
+  effect(TEMP tmp1, TEMP tmp2);
+  format %{ "vmulL_uint_neon $dst, $src1, $src2\t# 2L. KILL $tmp1, $tmp2" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    uint length_in_bytes = Matcher::vector_length_in_bytes(this);
+    assert(length_in_bytes == 16, "must be");
+    __ xtn($tmp1$$FloatRegister, __ T2S, $src1$$FloatRegister, __ T2D);
+    __ xtn($tmp2$$FloatRegister, __ T2S, $src2$$FloatRegister, __ T2D);
+    __ umullv($dst$$FloatRegister, __ T2S, $tmp1$$FloatRegister, $tmp2$$FloatRegister);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
 instruct vmulL_sve(vReg dst_src1, vReg src2) %{
-  predicate(UseSVE > 0);
+  predicate(UseSVE == 1 || (UseSVE == 2 && !n->as_MulVL()->has_int_inputs() &&
+            !n->as_MulVL()->has_uint_inputs()));
   match(Set dst_src1 (MulVL dst_src1 src2));
   format %{ "vmulL_sve $dst_src1, $dst_src1, $src2" %}
   ins_encode %{
@@ -1185,6 +1253,26 @@ instruct vmulL_sve(vReg dst_src1, vReg src2) %{
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
 
+instruct vmulL_int_sve2(vReg dst, vReg src1, vReg src2) %{
+  predicate(UseSVE == 2 && n->as_MulVL()->has_int_inputs());
+  match(Set dst (MulVL src1 src2));
+  format %{ "vmulL_int_sve2 $dst, $src1, $src2" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ sve_smullb($dst$$FloatRegister, __ D, $src1$$FloatRegister, $src2$$FloatRegister);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
+instruct vmulL_uint_sve2(vReg dst, vReg src1, vReg src2) %{
+  predicate(UseSVE == 2 && n->as_MulVL()->has_uint_inputs());
+  match(Set dst (MulVL src1 src2));
+  format %{ "vmulL_uint_sve2 $dst, $src1, $src2" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ sve_umullb($dst$$FloatRegister, __ D, $src1$$FloatRegister, $src2$$FloatRegister);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
 // vector mul - floating-point
 
 instruct vmulHF(vReg dst, vReg src1, vReg src2) %{
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_vector_ad.m4 b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_vector_ad.m4
index 68c407bc9af..b749647ae1e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_vector_ad.m4
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_vector_ad.m4
@@ -736,7 +736,8 @@ BINARY_OP_NEON_SVE_PAIRWISE(vmulI, MulVI, mulv, sve_mul, S)
 // vector mul - LONG
 
 instruct vmulL_neon(vReg dst, vReg src1, vReg src2) %{
-  predicate(UseSVE == 0);
+  predicate(UseSVE == 0 && !n->as_MulVL()->has_int_inputs() &&
+            !n->as_MulVL()->has_uint_inputs());
   match(Set dst (MulVL src1 src2));
   format %{ "vmulL_neon $dst, $src1, $src2\t# 2L" %}
   ins_encode %{
@@ -754,8 +755,47 @@ instruct vmulL_neon(vReg dst, vReg src1, vReg src2) %{
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
 
+dnl VMUL_L_NEON($1,     $2     )
+dnl VMUL_L_NEON(kind,   insn   )
+define(`VMUL_L_NEON', `dnl
+// Specialization of vmulL_$1_neon when both inputs are the same IR node
+// (e.g. v * v). Avoids one redundant xtn and saves one temporary register.
+instruct vmulL_$1_neon_same(vReg dst, vReg src, vReg tmp) %{
+  predicate(UseSVE == 0 && n->as_MulVL()->has_$1_inputs() &&
+            n->in(1) == n->in(2));
+  match(Set dst (MulVL src src));
+  effect(TEMP tmp);
+  format %{ "vmulL_$1_neon_same $dst, $src, $src\t# 2L. KILL $tmp" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    uint length_in_bytes = Matcher::vector_length_in_bytes(this);
+    assert(length_in_bytes == 16, "must be");
+    __ xtn($tmp$$FloatRegister, __ T2S, $src$$FloatRegister, __ T2D);
+    __ $2($dst$$FloatRegister, __ T2S, $tmp$$FloatRegister, $tmp$$FloatRegister);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
+instruct vmulL_$1_neon(vReg dst, vReg src1, vReg src2, vReg tmp1, vReg tmp2) %{
+  predicate(UseSVE == 0 && n->as_MulVL()->has_$1_inputs() &&
+            n->in(1) != n->in(2));
+  match(Set dst (MulVL src1 src2));
+  effect(TEMP tmp1, TEMP tmp2);
+  format %{ "vmulL_$1_neon $dst, $src1, $src2\t# 2L. KILL $tmp1, $tmp2" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    uint length_in_bytes = Matcher::vector_length_in_bytes(this);
+    assert(length_in_bytes == 16, "must be");
+    __ xtn($tmp1$$FloatRegister, __ T2S, $src1$$FloatRegister, __ T2D);
+    __ xtn($tmp2$$FloatRegister, __ T2S, $src2$$FloatRegister, __ T2D);
+    __ $2($dst$$FloatRegister, __ T2S, $tmp1$$FloatRegister, $tmp2$$FloatRegister);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+')dnl
+VMUL_L_NEON(int,  smullv)
+VMUL_L_NEON(uint, umullv)
 instruct vmulL_sve(vReg dst_src1, vReg src2) %{
-  predicate(UseSVE > 0);
+  predicate(UseSVE == 1 || (UseSVE == 2 && !n->as_MulVL()->has_int_inputs() &&
+            !n->as_MulVL()->has_uint_inputs()));
   match(Set dst_src1 (MulVL dst_src1 src2));
   format %{ "vmulL_sve $dst_src1, $dst_src1, $src2" %}
   ins_encode %{
@@ -764,6 +804,21 @@ instruct vmulL_sve(vReg dst_src1, vReg src2) %{
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
 
+dnl VMUL_L_SVE2($1,     $2        )
+dnl VMUL_L_SVE2(kind,   sve2_insn )
+define(`VMUL_L_SVE2', `dnl
+instruct vmulL_$1_sve2(vReg dst, vReg src1, vReg src2) %{
+  predicate(UseSVE == 2 && n->as_MulVL()->has_$1_inputs());
+  match(Set dst (MulVL src1 src2));
+  format %{ "vmulL_$1_sve2 $dst, $src1, $src2" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ $2($dst$$FloatRegister, __ D, $src1$$FloatRegister, $src2$$FloatRegister);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+')dnl
+VMUL_L_SVE2(int,  sve_smullb)
+VMUL_L_SVE2(uint, sve_umullb)
 // vector mul - floating-point
 BINARY_OP(vmulHF, MulVHF, fmul, sve_fmul, H)
 BINARY_OP(vmulF,  MulVF,  fmul, sve_fmul, S)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/assembler_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/assembler_aarch64.hpp
index ae2b9ac9bf7..a81213c5ae4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/assembler_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/assembler_aarch64.hpp
@@ -4331,6 +4331,22 @@ template<typename R, typename... Rx>
   INSN(sve_bsl,  0b001, 0b1); // Bitwise select
 #undef INSN
 
+// SVE2 widening integer multiply - vector
+#define INSN(NAME, is_unsigned, is_top)                                                \
+  void NAME(FloatRegister Zd, SIMD_RegVariant T, FloatRegister Zn, FloatRegister Zm) { \
+    starti;                                                                            \
+    assert(T != B && T != Q, "invalid size");                                          \
+    int op = 0b011100 | (is_unsigned ? 0b10 : 0) | (is_top ? 0b1 : 0);                 \
+    f(0b01000101, 31, 24), f(T, 23, 22), f(0, 21), rf(Zm, 16);                         \
+    f(op, 15, 10), rf(Zn, 5), rf(Zd, 0);                                               \
+  }
+
+  INSN(sve_umullb, /* is_unsigned */ true,  /* is_top */ false); // Unsigned widening multiply of bottom elements
+  INSN(sve_umullt, /* is_unsigned */ true,  /* is_top */ true ); // Unsigned widening multiply of top elements
+  INSN(sve_smullb, /* is_unsigned */ false, /* is_top */ false); // Signed widening multiply of bottom elements
+  INSN(sve_smullt, /* is_unsigned */ false, /* is_top */ true ); // Signed widening multiply of top elements
+#undef INSN
+
 // SVE2 saturating operations - predicate
 #define INSN(NAME, op1, op2)                                                          \
   void NAME(FloatRegister Zdn, SIMD_RegVariant T, PRegister Pg, FloatRegister Znm) {  \
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/aarch64-asmtest.py b/test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/aarch64-asmtest.py
index 04088bb0dc8..b5386d47a73 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/aarch64-asmtest.py
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/aarch64-asmtest.py
@@ -2163,6 +2163,10 @@ def generate(kind, names):
                         # SVE2 instructions
                         ["histcnt",  "__ sve_histcnt(z16, __ S, p0, z16, z16);",           "histcnt\tz16.s, p0/z, z16.s, z16.s"],
                         ["histcnt",  "__ sve_histcnt(z17, __ D, p0, z17, z17);",           "histcnt\tz17.d, p0/z, z17.d, z17.d"],
+                        ["umullb",   "__ sve_umullb(z16, __ H, z17, z18);",                "umullb\tz16.h, z17.b, z18.b"],
+                        ["umullt",   "__ sve_umullt(z19, __ S, z20, z21);",                "umullt\tz19.s, z20.h, z21.h"],
+                        ["smullb",   "__ sve_smullb(z22, __ D, z23, z24);",                "smullb\tz22.d, z23.s, z24.s"],
+                        ["smullt",   "__ sve_smullt(z25, __ H, z26, z27);",                "smullt\tz25.h, z26.b, z27.b"],
 ])
 
 print "\n// FloatImmediateOp"
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/asmtest.out.h b/test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/asmtest.out.h
index bad9825af9b..95832a1faf6 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/asmtest.out.h
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/asmtest.out.h
@@ -1180,6 +1180,10 @@
     __ sve_splice(z0, __ D, p0, z1);                   //       splice  z0.d, p0, z0.d, z1.d
     __ sve_histcnt(z16, __ S, p0, z16, z16);           //       histcnt z16.s, p0/z, z16.s, z16.s
     __ sve_histcnt(z17, __ D, p0, z17, z17);           //       histcnt z17.d, p0/z, z17.d, z17.d
+    __ sve_umullb(z16, __ H, z17, z18);                //       umullb  z16.h, z17.b, z18.b
+    __ sve_umullt(z19, __ S, z20, z21);                //       umullt  z19.s, z20.h, z21.h
+    __ sve_smullb(z22, __ D, z23, z24);                //       smullb  z22.d, z23.s, z24.s
+    __ sve_smullt(z25, __ H, z26, z27);                //       smullt  z25.h, z26.b, z27.b
 
 // FloatImmediateOp
     __ fmovd(v0, 2.0);                                 //       fmov d0, #2.0
@@ -1470,30 +1474,30 @@
     0x9101a1a0,     0xb10a5cc8,     0xd10810aa,     0xf10fd061,
     0x120cb166,     0x321764bc,     0x52174681,     0x720c0227,
     0x9241018e,     0xb25a2969,     0xd278b411,     0xf26aad01,
-    0x14000000,     0x17ffffd7,     0x140004cc,     0x94000000,
-    0x97ffffd4,     0x940004c9,     0x3400000a,     0x34fffa2a,
-    0x340098ca,     0x35000008,     0x35fff9c8,     0x35009868,
-    0xb400000b,     0xb4fff96b,     0xb400980b,     0xb500001d,
-    0xb5fff91d,     0xb50097bd,     0x10000013,     0x10fff8b3,
-    0x10009753,     0x90000013,     0x36300016,     0x3637f836,
-    0x363096d6,     0x3758000c,     0x375ff7cc,     0x3758966c,
+    0x14000000,     0x17ffffd7,     0x140004d0,     0x94000000,
+    0x97ffffd4,     0x940004cd,     0x3400000a,     0x34fffa2a,
+    0x3400994a,     0x35000008,     0x35fff9c8,     0x350098e8,
+    0xb400000b,     0xb4fff96b,     0xb400988b,     0xb500001d,
+    0xb5fff91d,     0xb500983d,     0x10000013,     0x10fff8b3,
+    0x100097d3,     0x90000013,     0x36300016,     0x3637f836,
+    0x36309756,     0x3758000c,     0x375ff7cc,     0x375896ec,
     0x128313a0,     0x528a32c7,     0x7289173b,     0x92ab3acc,
     0xd2a0bf94,     0xf2c285e8,     0x9358722f,     0x330e652f,
     0x53067f3b,     0x93577c53,     0xb34a1aac,     0xd35a4016,
     0x13946c63,     0x93c3dbc8,     0x54000000,     0x54fff5a0,
-    0x54009440,     0x54000001,     0x54fff541,     0x540093e1,
-    0x54000002,     0x54fff4e2,     0x54009382,     0x54000002,
-    0x54fff482,     0x54009322,     0x54000003,     0x54fff423,
-    0x540092c3,     0x54000003,     0x54fff3c3,     0x54009263,
-    0x54000004,     0x54fff364,     0x54009204,     0x54000005,
-    0x54fff305,     0x540091a5,     0x54000006,     0x54fff2a6,
-    0x54009146,     0x54000007,     0x54fff247,     0x540090e7,
-    0x54000008,     0x54fff1e8,     0x54009088,     0x54000009,
-    0x54fff189,     0x54009029,     0x5400000a,     0x54fff12a,
-    0x54008fca,     0x5400000b,     0x54fff0cb,     0x54008f6b,
-    0x5400000c,     0x54fff06c,     0x54008f0c,     0x5400000d,
-    0x54fff00d,     0x54008ead,     0x5400000e,     0x54ffefae,
-    0x54008e4e,     0x5400000f,     0x54ffef4f,     0x54008def,
+    0x540094c0,     0x54000001,     0x54fff541,     0x54009461,
+    0x54000002,     0x54fff4e2,     0x54009402,     0x54000002,
+    0x54fff482,     0x540093a2,     0x54000003,     0x54fff423,
+    0x54009343,     0x54000003,     0x54fff3c3,     0x540092e3,
+    0x54000004,     0x54fff364,     0x54009284,     0x54000005,
+    0x54fff305,     0x54009225,     0x54000006,     0x54fff2a6,
+    0x540091c6,     0x54000007,     0x54fff247,     0x54009167,
+    0x54000008,     0x54fff1e8,     0x54009108,     0x54000009,
+    0x54fff189,     0x540090a9,     0x5400000a,     0x54fff12a,
+    0x5400904a,     0x5400000b,     0x54fff0cb,     0x54008feb,
+    0x5400000c,     0x54fff06c,     0x54008f8c,     0x5400000d,
+    0x54fff00d,     0x54008f2d,     0x5400000e,     0x54ffefae,
+    0x54008ece,     0x5400000f,     0x54ffef4f,     0x54008e6f,
     0xd40658e1,     0xd4014d22,     0xd4046543,     0xd4273f60,
     0xd44cad80,     0xd503201f,     0xd503203f,     0xd503205f,
     0xd503209f,     0xd50320bf,     0xd503219f,     0xd50323bf,
@@ -1536,7 +1540,7 @@
     0x39598921,     0x795d3077,     0x399d0675,     0x7998d8f3,
     0x79dbd02a,     0xb99d068a,     0xfd5d11a0,     0xbd58d76b,
     0xfd1ac72d,     0xbd1d9c14,     0x5800001a,     0x18ffda33,
-    0xf8991100,     0xd80078a0,     0xf8a758e0,     0xf9989d80,
+    0xf8991100,     0xd8007920,     0xf8a758e0,     0xf9989d80,
     0x1a0b0298,     0x3a1c01a0,     0x5a0400ea,     0x7a02020f,
     0x9a1d028c,     0xba0e01ad,     0xda140186,     0xfa19022c,
     0x0b2b877e,     0x2b21c8ee,     0xcb3ba47d,     0x6b3ae9a0,
@@ -1719,7 +1723,8 @@
     0x0420bc31,     0x05271e11,     0x6545e891,     0x6585e891,
     0x65c5e891,     0x6545c891,     0x6585c891,     0x65c5c891,
     0x052c8020,     0x056c8020,     0x05ac8020,     0x05ec8020,
-    0x45b0c210,     0x45f1c231,     0x1e601000,     0x1e603000,
+    0x45b0c210,     0x45f1c231,     0x45527a30,     0x45957e93,
+    0x45d872f6,     0x455b7759,     0x1e601000,     0x1e603000,
     0x1e621000,     0x1e623000,     0x1e641000,     0x1e643000,
     0x1e661000,     0x1e663000,     0x1e681000,     0x1e683000,
     0x1e6a1000,     0x1e6a3000,     0x1e6c1000,     0x1e6c3000,
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java
index a76853016d9..249e73fa54b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java
@@ -2863,6 +2863,26 @@ public class IRNode {
         machOnlyNameRegex(X86_VMULDQ_REG, "vmuldq_reg");
     }
 
+    public static final String AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_SVE2 = PREFIX + "AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_SVE2" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        machOnlyNameRegex(AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_SVE2, "vmulL_uint_sve2");
+    }
+
+    public static final String AARCH64_VMULL_INT_SVE2 = PREFIX + "AARCH64_VMULL_INT_SVE2" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        machOnlyNameRegex(AARCH64_VMULL_INT_SVE2, "vmulL_int_sve2");
+    }
+
+    public static final String AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_NEON = PREFIX + "AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_NEON" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        machOnlyNameRegex(AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_NEON, "vmulL_uint_neon");
+    }
+
+    public static final String AARCH64_VMULL_INT_NEON = PREFIX + "AARCH64_VMULL_INT_NEON" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        machOnlyNameRegex(AARCH64_VMULL_INT_NEON, "vmulL_int_neon");
+    }
+
     public static final String X86_SCONV_D2I = PREFIX + "X86_SCONV_D2I" + POSTFIX;
     static {
         machOnlyNameRegex(X86_SCONV_D2I, "convD2I_reg_reg");
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestVectorMulLongToSignedUnsignedInt.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestVectorMulLongToSignedUnsignedInt.java
index d5b4771d3e1..e7745b5e88c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestVectorMulLongToSignedUnsignedInt.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestVectorMulLongToSignedUnsignedInt.java
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 8384963
+ * @bug 8384963 8383905
  * @key randomness
  * @summary C2: Incorrect uint constant match mishandles negative values in vectors
  * @modules jdk.incubator.vector
@@ -87,8 +87,18 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
 
     // Case 1: Negative mask (-2L = 0xFFFF_FFFF_FFFF_FFFE).
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
-    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG}, phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 ",
+                  IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_SVE2},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_NEON},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"asimd", "true", "sve", "false"})
     public static void testNegativeMask() {
         LongVector v1 = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, src1, 0);
         LongVector v2 = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, src2, 0);
@@ -107,8 +117,16 @@ public void runNegativeMask() {
 
     // Case 3: Mask = 0x1_0000_0000L (bit 32 set, exceeds uint range).
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
-    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG}, phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 ",
+                  IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_SVE2},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_NEON}, phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING, applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"asimd", "true", "sve", "false"})
     public static void testBit32SetMask() {
         LongVector v1 = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, src1, 0);
         LongVector v2 = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, src2, 0);
@@ -127,8 +145,18 @@ public void runBit32SetMask() {
 
     // Case 4: Mask = Long.MIN_VALUE (0x8000_0000_0000_0000).
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
-    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG}, phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 ",
+                  IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_SVE2},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_NEON},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"asimd", "true", "sve", "false"})
     public static void testMinValueMask() {
         LongVector v1 = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, src1, 0);
         LongVector v2 = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, src2, 0);
@@ -147,8 +175,17 @@ public void runMinValueMask() {
 
     // Case 5: Mask = 0xFFFF_FFFFL (exactly uint max, boundary valid case).
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG, " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG, " >0 "},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_SVE2, " >0 "},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_NEON, " >0 "},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"asimd", "true", "sve", "false"})
     public static void testUintMaxMask() {
         LongVector v1 = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, src1, 0);
         LongVector v2 = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, src2, 0);
@@ -167,8 +204,17 @@ public void runUintMaxMask() {
 
     // Case 6: Small mask (0xFFFFL), clearly fits in uint.
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG, " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG, " >0 "},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_SVE2, " >0 "},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_NEON, " >0 "},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"asimd", "true", "sve", "false"})
     public static void testSmallMask() {
         LongVector v1 = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, src1, 0);
         LongVector v2 = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, src2, 0);
@@ -187,8 +233,18 @@ public void runSmallMask() {
 
     // Case 7: URShift by 32 clears upper doubleword.
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.URSHIFT_VL, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG, " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ",
+                  IRNode.URSHIFT_VL, " >0 "},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG, " >0 "},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_SVE2, " >0 "},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_NEON, " >0 "},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"asimd", "true", "sve", "false"})
     public static void testURShift32() {
         LongVector v1 = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, src1, 0);
         LongVector v2 = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, src2, 0);
@@ -207,8 +263,18 @@ public void runURShift32() {
 
     // Case 8: Asymmetric — one input valid uint mask, other negative mask.
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
-    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG}, phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 ",
+                  IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_SVE2},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_NEON},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"asimd", "true", "sve", "false"})
     public static void testAsymmetricMask() {
         LongVector v1 = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, src1, 0);
         LongVector v2 = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, src2, 0);
@@ -228,8 +294,19 @@ public void runAsymmetricMask() {
     // Case 9: Mixed — one input URShift (valid), other negative mask (invalid).
     // Note: -2L is used (not -1L) since AND with -1L is identity and gets folded.
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.URSHIFT_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
-    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG}, phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.URSHIFT_VL, " >0 ",
+                  IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 ",
+                  IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_SVE2},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_NEON},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"asimd", "true", "sve", "false"})
     public static void testMixedURShiftAndNegMask() {
         LongVector v1 = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, src1, 0);
         LongVector v2 = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, src2, 0);
@@ -248,8 +325,18 @@ public void runMixedURShiftAndNegMask() {
 
     // Case 10: Predicated AndV (uint path). Inactive lanes preserves destination with non-zero upper 32 bits.
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512f", "true"})
-    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG}, phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512f", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 ",
+                  IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx512f", "true", "sve", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512f", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_SVE2},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_NEON},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"asimd", "true", "sve", "false"})
     public static void testPredicatedAndMask() {
         LongVector v1 = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, src1, 0);
         LongVector v2 = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, src2, 0);
@@ -270,8 +357,18 @@ public void runPredicatedAndMask() {
 
     // Case 11: Predicated URShiftVL by 32 (uint path). Inactive lanes preserves destination with non-zero upper 32 bits.
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.URSHIFT_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512f", "true"})
-    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG}, phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512f", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.URSHIFT_VL, " >0 ",
+                  IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx512f", "true", "sve", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512f", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_SVE2},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.AARCH64_VMULL_UINT_NEON},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"asimd", "true", "sve", "false"})
     public static void testPredicatedURShift32() {
         LongVector v1 = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, src1, 0);
         LongVector v2 = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, src2, 0);
@@ -292,8 +389,18 @@ public void runPredicatedURShift32() {
 
     // Case 12: Predicated RShiftVL (arithmetic) by 32.
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.RSHIFT_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512f", "true"})
-    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULDQ_REG}, phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512f", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.RSHIFT_VL, " >0 ",
+                  IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx512f", "true", "sve", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULDQ_REG},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512f", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.AARCH64_VMULL_INT_SVE2},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.AARCH64_VMULL_INT_NEON},
+        phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"asimd", "true", "sve", "false"})
     public static void testPredicatedRShift32() {
         LongVector v1 = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, src1, 0);
         LongVector v2 = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, src2, 0);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorMultiplyOpt.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorMultiplyOpt.java
index a8394f41f8a..68ac9249ebf 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorMultiplyOpt.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorMultiplyOpt.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@
 
 /**
  * @test
- * @bug 8341137
+ * @bug 8341137 8383905
  * @key randomness
- * @summary Optimize long vector multiplication using x86 VPMUL[U]DQ instruction.
+ * @summary Optimize long vector multiplication.
  * @modules jdk.incubator.vector
  * @library /test/lib /
  * @run driver compiler.vectorapi.VectorMultiplyOpt
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ public VectorMultiplyOpt() {
 
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         TestFramework testFramework = new TestFramework();
-        testFramework.setDefaultWarmup(5000)
+        testFramework.setDefaultWarmup(10000)
                      .addFlags("--add-modules=jdk.incubator.vector")
                      .start();
         System.out.println("PASSED");
@@ -109,7 +109,12 @@ public static void validate(String msg, long[] actual, Object src1, Object src2,
     @Test
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
     @IR(counts = {"vmuludq", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
-    @Warmup(value = 10000)
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_uint_sve2", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_sve", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"sve", "true", "sve2", "false"})
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_uint_neon", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"asimd", "true", "sve", "false"})
     public static void test_pattern1() {
         int i = 0;
         for (; i < LSP.loopBound(res.length); i += LSP.length()) {
@@ -132,7 +137,12 @@ public void test_pattern1_validate() {
     @Test
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.URSHIFT_VL, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
     @IR(counts = {"vmuludq", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
-    @Warmup(value = 10000)
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_uint_sve2", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_sve", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"sve", "true", "sve2", "false"})
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_uint_neon", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"asimd", "true", "sve", "false"})
     public static void test_pattern2() {
         int i = 0;
         for (; i < LSP.loopBound(res.length); i += LSP.length()) {
@@ -155,7 +165,12 @@ public void test_pattern2_validate() {
     @Test
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.URSHIFT_VL, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
     @IR(counts = {"vmuludq", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
-    @Warmup(value = 10000)
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_uint_sve2", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_sve", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"sve", "true", "sve2", "false"})
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_uint_neon", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"asimd", "true", "sve", "false"})
     public static void test_pattern3() {
         int i = 0;
         for (; i < LSP.loopBound(res.length); i += LSP.length()) {
@@ -178,7 +193,12 @@ public void test_pattern3_validate() {
     @Test
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.URSHIFT_VL, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
     @IR(counts = {"vmuludq", " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
-    @Warmup(value = 10000)
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_uint_sve2", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_sve", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"sve", "true", "sve2", "false"})
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_uint_neon", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"asimd", "true", "sve", "false"})
     public static void test_pattern4() {
         int i = 0;
         for (; i < LSP.loopBound(res.length); i += LSP.length()) {
@@ -201,7 +221,12 @@ public void test_pattern4_validate() {
     @Test
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.VECTOR_CAST_I2L, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
     @IR(counts = {"vmuldq", " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
-    @Warmup(value = 10000)
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_int_sve2", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_sve", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"sve", "true", "sve2", "false"})
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_int_neon", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"asimd", "true", "sve", "false"})
     public static void test_pattern5() {
         int i = 0;
         for (; i < LSP.loopBound(res.length); i += LSP.length()) {
@@ -227,7 +252,12 @@ public void test_pattern5_validate() {
     @Test
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.RSHIFT_VL, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
     @IR(counts = {"vmuldq", " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
-    @Warmup(value = 10000)
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_int_sve2", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_sve", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"sve", "true", "sve2", "false"})
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_int_neon", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"asimd", "true", "sve", "false"})
     public static void test_pattern6() {
         int i = 0;
         for (; i < LSP.loopBound(res.length); i += LSP.length()) {
@@ -247,4 +277,61 @@ public void test_pattern6_validate() {
         validate("pattern6 ", res, lsrc1, lsrc2, (l1, l2) -> (l1 >> shift5) * (l2 >> shift5));
     }
 
+    // Same-operand multiplication (v * v) where v has zero-extended high bits.
+    // On NEON this should map to the dedicated rule that emits a single xtn.
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {"vmuludq", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_uint_sve2", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_sve", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"sve", "true", "sve2", "false"})
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_uint_neon_same", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"asimd", "true", "sve", "false"})
+    public static void test_pattern7() {
+        int i = 0;
+        for (; i < LSP.loopBound(res.length); i += LSP.length()) {
+            LongVector vsrc = LongVector.fromArray(LSP, lsrc1, i)
+                                        .lanewise(VectorOperators.AND, mask1);
+            vsrc.lanewise(VectorOperators.MUL, vsrc).intoArray(res, i);
+        }
+        for (; i < res.length; i++) {
+            long x = lsrc1[i] & mask1;
+            res[i] = x * x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Check(test = "test_pattern7")
+    public void test_pattern7_validate() {
+        validate("pattern7 ", res, lsrc1, lsrc1, (l1, l2) -> { long x = l1 & mask1; return x * x; });
+    }
+
+    // Same-operand multiplication (v * v) where v has sign-extended high bits.
+    // On NEON this should map to the dedicated rule that emits a single xtn.
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.VECTOR_CAST_I2L, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {"vmuldq", " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_int_sve2", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_sve", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"sve", "true", "sve2", "false"})
+    @IR(counts = {"vmulL_int_neon_same", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"asimd", "true", "sve", "false"})
+    public static void test_pattern8() {
+        int i = 0;
+        for (; i < LSP.loopBound(res.length); i += LSP.length()) {
+            LongVector vsrc = IntVector.fromArray(ISP, isrc1, i)
+                                       .convert(VectorOperators.I2L, 0)
+                                       .reinterpretAsLongs();
+            vsrc.lanewise(VectorOperators.MUL, vsrc).intoArray(res, i);
+        }
+        for (; i < res.length; i++) {
+            res[i] = Math.multiplyFull(isrc1[i], isrc1[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Check(test = "test_pattern8")
+    public void test_pattern8_validate() {
+        validate("pattern8 ", res, isrc1, isrc1, (i1, i2) -> Math.multiplyFull((int)i1, (int)i1));
+    }
 }

From 631b675d7949a0e6312d8d6f45e2515d53b12f05 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eric Fang <erfang@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 6 Jul 2026 05:45:30 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 154/707] 8387388: AArch64: Optimize reduceLanes MUL op with
 ext instruction

Reviewed-by: aph, xgong
---
 .../cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp | 24 +++++++++----------
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index e46a338e649..eacfef9618a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -1806,19 +1806,19 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::neon_reduce_mul_integral(Register dst, BasicType bt,
         if (isQ) {
           // Multiply the lower half and higher half of vector iteratively.
           // vtmp1 = vsrc[8:15]
-          ins(vtmp1, D, vsrc, 0, 1);
+          ext(vtmp1, T16B, vsrc, vsrc, 8);
           // vtmp1[n] = vsrc[n] * vsrc[n + 8], where n=[0, 7]
           mulv(vtmp1, T8B, vtmp1, vsrc);
           // vtmp2 = vtmp1[4:7]
-          ins(vtmp2, S, vtmp1, 0, 1);
+          ext(vtmp2, T8B, vtmp1, vtmp1, 4);
           // vtmp1[n] = vtmp1[n] * vtmp1[n + 4], where n=[0, 3]
           mulv(vtmp1, T8B, vtmp2, vtmp1);
         } else {
-          ins(vtmp1, S, vsrc, 0, 1);
+          ext(vtmp1, T8B, vsrc, vsrc, 4);
           mulv(vtmp1, T8B, vtmp1, vsrc);
         }
         // vtmp2 = vtmp1[2:3]
-        ins(vtmp2, H, vtmp1, 0, 1);
+        ext(vtmp2, T8B, vtmp1, vtmp1, 2);
         // vtmp2[n] = vtmp1[n] * vtmp1[n + 2], where n=[0, 1]
         mulv(vtmp2, T8B, vtmp2, vtmp1);
         // dst = vtmp2[0] * isrc * vtmp2[1]
@@ -1831,12 +1831,12 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::neon_reduce_mul_integral(Register dst, BasicType bt,
         break;
       case T_SHORT:
         if (isQ) {
-          ins(vtmp2, D, vsrc, 0, 1);
+          ext(vtmp2, T16B, vsrc, vsrc, 8);
           mulv(vtmp2, T4H, vtmp2, vsrc);
-          ins(vtmp1, S, vtmp2, 0, 1);
+          ext(vtmp1, T8B, vtmp2, vtmp2, 4);
           mulv(vtmp1, T4H, vtmp1, vtmp2);
         } else {
-          ins(vtmp1, S, vsrc, 0, 1);
+          ext(vtmp1, T8B, vsrc, vsrc, 4);
           mulv(vtmp1, T4H, vtmp1, vsrc);
         }
         umov(rscratch1, vtmp1, H, 0);
@@ -1848,7 +1848,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::neon_reduce_mul_integral(Register dst, BasicType bt,
         break;
       case T_INT:
         if (isQ) {
-          ins(vtmp1, D, vsrc, 0, 1);
+          ext(vtmp1, T16B, vsrc, vsrc, 8);
           mulv(vtmp1, T2S, vtmp1, vsrc);
         } else {
           vtmp1 = vsrc;
@@ -1904,19 +1904,19 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::neon_reduce_mul_fp(FloatRegister dst, BasicType bt,
         break;
       case T_FLOAT:
         fmuls(dst, fsrc, vsrc);
-        ins(vtmp, S, vsrc, 0, 1);
+        ext(vtmp, T8B, vsrc, vsrc, 4);
         fmuls(dst, dst, vtmp);
         if (isQ) {
-          ins(vtmp, S, vsrc, 0, 2);
+          ext(vtmp, T16B, vsrc, vsrc, 8);
           fmuls(dst, dst, vtmp);
-          ins(vtmp, S, vsrc, 0, 3);
+          ext(vtmp, T16B, vsrc, vsrc, 12);
           fmuls(dst, dst, vtmp);
          }
         break;
       case T_DOUBLE:
         assert(isQ, "unsupported");
         fmuld(dst, fsrc, vsrc);
-        ins(vtmp, D, vsrc, 0, 1);
+        ext(vtmp, T16B, vsrc, vsrc, 8);
         fmuld(dst, dst, vtmp);
         break;
       default:

From b3100b4173184a8c9d9c9ef0975c795bd4d64b7f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 6 Jul 2026 07:58:46 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 155/707] 8387400: Force-inline Devirtualizer methods

Reviewed-by: kvn, aboldtch
---
 src/hotspot/share/utilities/devirtualizer.hpp | 25 +++++++++++++------
 .../share/utilities/devirtualizer.inline.hpp  | 12 ++++++++-
 2 files changed, 29 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/devirtualizer.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/devirtualizer.hpp
index b4d444dc5a8..39e1ba89239 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/devirtualizer.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/devirtualizer.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -34,12 +34,23 @@ class ClassLoaderData;
 // a concrete implementation, otherwise a virtual call is taken.
 class Devirtualizer {
  public:
-  template <typename OopClosureType, typename T> static void do_oop(OopClosureType* closure, T* p);
-  template <typename OopClosureType>             static void do_klass(OopClosureType* closure, Klass* k);
-  template <typename OopClosureType>             static void do_cld(OopClosureType* closure, ClassLoaderData* cld);
-  template <typename OopClosureType>             static bool do_metadata(OopClosureType* closure);
-  template <typename DerivedOopClosureType>      static void do_derived_oop(DerivedOopClosureType* closure, derived_base* base, derived_pointer* derived);
-  template <typename BitMapClosureType>          static bool do_bit(BitMapClosureType* closure, BitMap::idx_t index);
+  template <typename OopClosureType, typename T>
+  static ALWAYSINLINE void do_oop(OopClosureType* closure, T* p);
+
+  template <typename OopClosureType>
+  static ALWAYSINLINE void do_klass(OopClosureType* closure, Klass* k);
+
+  template <typename OopClosureType>
+  static ALWAYSINLINE void do_cld(OopClosureType* closure, ClassLoaderData* cld);
+
+  template <typename OopClosureType>
+  static ALWAYSINLINE bool do_metadata(OopClosureType* closure);
+
+  template <typename DerivedOopClosureType>
+  static ALWAYSINLINE void do_derived_oop(DerivedOopClosureType* closure, derived_base* base, derived_pointer* derived);
+
+  template <typename BitMapClosureType>
+  static ALWAYSINLINE bool do_bit(BitMapClosureType* closure, BitMap::idx_t index);
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_UTILITIES_DEVIRTUALIZER_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/devirtualizer.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/devirtualizer.inline.hpp
index 7f49524e0fb..8cc6f931908 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/devirtualizer.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/devirtualizer.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -74,12 +74,14 @@
 //   p       - The oop (or narrowOop) field to pass to the closure
 
 template <typename T, typename Receiver, typename Base, typename OopClosureType>
+ALWAYSINLINE
 static typename EnableIf<std::is_same<Receiver, Base>::value, void>::type
 call_do_oop(void (Receiver::*)(T*), void (Base::*)(T*), OopClosureType* closure, T* p) {
   closure->do_oop(p);
 }
 
 template <typename T, typename Receiver, typename Base, typename OopClosureType>
+ALWAYSINLINE
 static typename EnableIf<!std::is_same<Receiver, Base>::value, void>::type
 call_do_oop(void (Receiver::*)(T*), void (Base::*)(T*), OopClosureType* closure, T* p) {
   // Sanity check
@@ -95,12 +97,14 @@ inline void Devirtualizer::do_oop(OopClosureType* closure, T* p) {
 // Implementation of the non-virtual do_metadata dispatch.
 
 template <typename Receiver, typename Base, typename OopClosureType>
+ALWAYSINLINE
 static typename EnableIf<std::is_same<Receiver, Base>::value, bool>::type
 call_do_metadata(bool (Receiver::*)(), bool (Base::*)(), OopClosureType* closure) {
   return closure->do_metadata();
 }
 
 template <typename Receiver, typename Base, typename OopClosureType>
+ALWAYSINLINE
 static typename EnableIf<!std::is_same<Receiver, Base>::value, bool>::type
 call_do_metadata(bool (Receiver::*)(), bool (Base::*)(), OopClosureType* closure) {
   return closure->OopClosureType::do_metadata();
@@ -114,12 +118,14 @@ inline bool Devirtualizer::do_metadata(OopClosureType* closure) {
 // Implementation of the non-virtual do_klass dispatch.
 
 template <typename Receiver, typename Base, typename OopClosureType>
+ALWAYSINLINE
 static typename EnableIf<std::is_same<Receiver, Base>::value, void>::type
 call_do_klass(void (Receiver::*)(Klass*), void (Base::*)(Klass*), OopClosureType* closure, Klass* k) {
   closure->do_klass(k);
 }
 
 template <typename Receiver, typename Base, typename OopClosureType>
+ALWAYSINLINE
 static typename EnableIf<!std::is_same<Receiver, Base>::value, void>::type
 call_do_klass(void (Receiver::*)(Klass*), void (Base::*)(Klass*), OopClosureType* closure, Klass* k) {
   closure->OopClosureType::do_klass(k);
@@ -133,12 +139,14 @@ inline void Devirtualizer::do_klass(OopClosureType* closure, Klass* k) {
 // Implementation of the non-virtual do_cld dispatch.
 
 template <typename Receiver, typename Base, typename OopClosureType>
+ALWAYSINLINE
 static typename EnableIf<std::is_same<Receiver, Base>::value, void>::type
 call_do_cld(void (Receiver::*)(ClassLoaderData*), void (Base::*)(ClassLoaderData*), OopClosureType* closure, ClassLoaderData* cld) {
   closure->do_cld(cld);
 }
 
 template <typename Receiver, typename Base, typename OopClosureType>
+ALWAYSINLINE
 static typename EnableIf<!std::is_same<Receiver, Base>::value, void>::type
 call_do_cld(void (Receiver::*)(ClassLoaderData*), void (Base::*)(ClassLoaderData*), OopClosureType* closure, ClassLoaderData* cld) {
   closure->OopClosureType::do_cld(cld);
@@ -152,12 +160,14 @@ void Devirtualizer::do_cld(OopClosureType* closure, ClassLoaderData* cld) {
 // Implementation of the non-virtual do_derived_oop dispatch.
 
 template <typename Receiver, typename Base, typename DerivedOopClosureType>
+ALWAYSINLINE
 static typename EnableIf<std::is_same<Receiver, Base>::value, void>::type
 call_do_derived_oop(void (Receiver::*)(derived_base*, derived_pointer*), void (Base::*)(derived_base*, derived_pointer*), DerivedOopClosureType* closure, derived_base* base, derived_pointer* derived) {
   closure->do_derived_oop(base, derived);
 }
 
 template <typename Receiver, typename Base, typename DerivedOopClosureType>
+ALWAYSINLINE
 static typename EnableIf<!std::is_same<Receiver, Base>::value, void>::type
 call_do_derived_oop(void (Receiver::*)(derived_base*, derived_pointer*), void (Base::*)(derived_base*, derived_pointer*), DerivedOopClosureType* closure, derived_base* base, derived_pointer* derived) {
   closure->DerivedOopClosureType::do_derived_oop(base, derived);

From a96895c580c790e5ab0d4e88365d0e4f2ee9c568 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David Briemann <dbriemann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 6 Jul 2026 08:15:19 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 156/707] 8387019: PPC64: Remove postalloc_expand from
 cmovI/cmovL bso_reg_conLvalue0 nodes

Reviewed-by: mdoerr, rrich
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad | 181 ++++++++-----------------------------
 1 file changed, 38 insertions(+), 143 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
index 896128f99cc..d3e08a21640 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
@@ -3078,13 +3078,6 @@ encode %{
     __ bind(done);
   %}
 
-  enc_class enc_cmove_bso_reg(iRegLdst dst, flagsRegSrc crx, regD src) %{
-    Label done;
-    __ bso($crx$$CondRegister, done);
-    __ mffprd($dst$$Register, $src$$FloatRegister);
-    __ bind(done);
-  %}
-
   enc_class enc_bc(flagsRegSrc crx, cmpOp cmp, Label lbl) %{
     Label d;   // dummy
     __ bind(d);
@@ -9945,19 +9938,6 @@ instruct convL2I_reg(iRegIdst dst, iRegLsrc src) %{
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
 
-instruct convD2IRaw_regD(regD dst, regD src) %{
-  // no match-rule, false predicate
-  effect(DEF dst, USE src);
-  predicate(false);
-
-  format %{ "FCTIWZ $dst, $src \t// convD2I, $src != NaN" %}
-  size(4);
-  ins_encode %{
-    __ fctiwz($dst$$FloatRegister, $src$$FloatRegister);
-  %}
-  ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
-%}
-
 instruct cmovI_bso_stackSlotL(iRegIdst dst, flagsRegSrc crx, stackSlotL src) %{
   // no match-rule, false predicate
   effect(DEF dst, USE crx, USE src);
@@ -9969,73 +9949,36 @@ instruct cmovI_bso_stackSlotL(iRegIdst dst, flagsRegSrc crx, stackSlotL src) %{
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
 
-instruct cmovI_bso_reg(iRegIdst dst, flagsRegSrc crx, regD src) %{
+instruct cmovI_bso_reg_con0(iRegIdst dst, flagsRegSrc crx, regD src) %{
   // no match-rule, false predicate
   effect(DEF dst, USE crx, USE src);
   predicate(false);
 
-  format %{ "CMOVI   $crx, $dst, $src" %}
-  size(8);
-  ins_encode( enc_cmove_bso_reg(dst, crx, src) );
+  format %{ "CMOVI   $dst, $crx, $src, 0 \t// set to 0 if unordered" %}
+  size(12);
+  ins_encode %{
+    Label done;
+    __ li($dst$$Register, 0);
+    __ bso($crx$$CondRegister, done);
+    __ mffprd($dst$$Register, $src$$FloatRegister);
+    __ bind(done);
+  %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
 
-
-instruct cmovI_bso_reg_conLvalue0_Ex(iRegIdst dst, flagsRegSrc crx, regD src) %{
+instruct convD2IRaw_regD(regD dst, regD src) %{
   // no match-rule, false predicate
-  effect(DEF dst, USE crx, USE src);
+  effect(DEF dst, USE src);
   predicate(false);
 
-  format %{ "CMOVI   $dst, $crx, $src \t// postalloc expanded" %}
-  postalloc_expand %{
-    //
-    // replaces
-    //
-    //   region  dst  crx  src
-    //    \       |    |   /
-    //     dst=cmovI_bso_reg_conLvalue0
-    //
-    // with
-    //
-    //   region  dst
-    //    \       /
-    //     dst=loadConI16(0)
-    //      |
-    //      ^  region  dst  crx  src
-    //      |   \       |    |    /
-    //      dst=cmovI_bso_reg
-    //
-
-    // Create new nodes.
-    MachNode *m1 = new loadConI16Node();
-    MachNode *m2 = new cmovI_bso_regNode();
-
-    // inputs for new nodes
-    m1->add_req(n_region);
-    m2->add_req(n_region, n_crx, n_src);
-
-    // precedences for new nodes
-    m2->add_prec(m1);
-
-    // operands for new nodes
-    m1->_opnds[0] = op_dst;
-    m1->_opnds[1] = new immI16Oper(0);
-
-    m2->_opnds[0] = op_dst;
-    m2->_opnds[1] = op_crx;
-    m2->_opnds[2] = op_src;
-
-    // registers for new nodes
-    ra_->set_pair(m1->_idx, ra_->get_reg_second(this), ra_->get_reg_first(this)); // dst
-    ra_->set_pair(m2->_idx, ra_->get_reg_second(this), ra_->get_reg_first(this)); // dst
-
-    // Insert new nodes.
-    nodes->push(m1);
-    nodes->push(m2);
+  format %{ "FCTIWZ $dst, $src \t// convD2I, $src != NaN" %}
+  size(4);
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ fctiwz($dst$$FloatRegister, $src$$FloatRegister);
   %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
 
-
 // Double to Int conversion, NaN is mapped to 0. Special version for Power8.
 instruct convD2I_reg_mffprd_ExEx(iRegIdst dst, regD src) %{
   match(Set dst (ConvD2I src));
@@ -10046,7 +9989,7 @@ instruct convD2I_reg_mffprd_ExEx(iRegIdst dst, regD src) %{
     flagsReg crx;
     cmpDUnordered_reg_reg(crx, src, src);               // Check whether src is NaN.
     convD2IRaw_regD(tmpD, src);                         // Convert float to int (speculated).
-    cmovI_bso_reg_conLvalue0_Ex(dst, crx, tmpD);        // Cmove based on NaN check.
+    cmovI_bso_reg_con0(dst, crx, tmpD);                 // Cmove based on NaN check.
   %}
 %}
 
@@ -10074,7 +10017,7 @@ instruct convF2I_regF_mffprd_ExEx(iRegIdst dst, regF src) %{
     flagsReg crx;
     cmpFUnordered_reg_reg(crx, src, src);               // Check whether src is NaN.
     convF2IRaw_regF(tmpF, src);                         // Convert float to int (speculated).
-    cmovI_bso_reg_conLvalue0_Ex(dst, crx, tmpF);        // Cmove based on NaN check.
+    cmovI_bso_reg_con0(dst, crx, tmpF);                 // Cmove based on NaN check.
   %}
 %}
 
@@ -10116,19 +10059,6 @@ instruct zeroExtendL_regL(iRegLdst dst, iRegLsrc src, immL_32bits mask) %{
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
 
-instruct convF2LRaw_regF(regF dst, regF src) %{
-  // no match-rule, false predicate
-  effect(DEF dst, USE src);
-  predicate(false);
-
-  format %{ "FCTIDZ $dst, $src \t// convF2L, $src != NaN" %}
-  size(4);
-  ins_encode %{
-    __ fctidz($dst$$FloatRegister, $src$$FloatRegister);
-  %}
-  ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
-%}
-
 instruct cmovL_bso_stackSlotL(iRegLdst dst, flagsRegSrc crx, stackSlotL src) %{
   // no match-rule, false predicate
   effect(DEF dst, USE crx, USE src);
@@ -10140,70 +10070,36 @@ instruct cmovL_bso_stackSlotL(iRegLdst dst, flagsRegSrc crx, stackSlotL src) %{
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
 
-instruct cmovL_bso_reg(iRegLdst dst, flagsRegSrc crx, regD src) %{
+instruct cmovL_bso_reg_con0(iRegLdst dst, flagsRegSrc crx, regD src) %{
   // no match-rule, false predicate
   effect(DEF dst, USE crx, USE src);
   predicate(false);
 
-  format %{ "CMOVL   $crx, $dst, $src" %}
-  size(8);
-  ins_encode( enc_cmove_bso_reg(dst, crx, src) );
+  format %{ "CMOVL   $dst, $crx, $src, 0 \t// set to 0 if unordered" %}
+  size(12);
+  ins_encode %{
+    Label done;
+    __ li($dst$$Register, 0);
+    __ bso($crx$$CondRegister, done);
+    __ mffprd($dst$$Register, $src$$FloatRegister);
+    __ bind(done);
+  %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
 
-
-instruct cmovL_bso_reg_conLvalue0_Ex(iRegLdst dst, flagsRegSrc crx, regD src) %{
+instruct convF2LRaw_regF(regF dst, regF src) %{
   // no match-rule, false predicate
-  effect(DEF dst, USE crx, USE src);
+  effect(DEF dst, USE src);
   predicate(false);
 
-  format %{ "CMOVL   $dst, $crx, $src \t// postalloc expanded" %}
-  postalloc_expand %{
-    //
-    // replaces
-    //
-    //   region  dst  crx  src
-    //    \       |    |   /
-    //     dst=cmovL_bso_reg_conLvalue0
-    //
-    // with
-    //
-    //   region  dst
-    //    \       /
-    //     dst=loadConL16(0)
-    //      |
-    //      ^  region  dst  crx  src
-    //      |   \       |    |    /
-    //      dst=cmovL_bso_reg
-    //
-
-    // Create new nodes.
-    MachNode *m1 = new loadConL16Node();
-    MachNode *m2 = new cmovL_bso_regNode();
-
-    // inputs for new nodes
-    m1->add_req(n_region);
-    m2->add_req(n_region, n_crx, n_src);
-    m2->add_prec(m1);
-
-    // operands for new nodes
-    m1->_opnds[0] = op_dst;
-    m1->_opnds[1] = new immL16Oper(0);
-    m2->_opnds[0] = op_dst;
-    m2->_opnds[1] = op_crx;
-    m2->_opnds[2] = op_src;
-
-    // registers for new nodes
-    ra_->set_pair(m1->_idx, ra_->get_reg_second(this), ra_->get_reg_first(this)); // dst
-    ra_->set_pair(m2->_idx, ra_->get_reg_second(this), ra_->get_reg_first(this)); // dst
-
-    // Insert new nodes.
-    nodes->push(m1);
-    nodes->push(m2);
+  format %{ "FCTIDZ $dst, $src \t// convF2L, $src != NaN" %}
+  size(4);
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ fctidz($dst$$FloatRegister, $src$$FloatRegister);
   %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
 
-
 // Float to Long conversion, NaN is mapped to 0. Special version for Power8.
 instruct convF2L_reg_mffprd_ExEx(iRegLdst dst, regF src) %{
   match(Set dst (ConvF2L src));
@@ -10214,7 +10110,7 @@ instruct convF2L_reg_mffprd_ExEx(iRegLdst dst, regF src) %{
     flagsReg crx;
     cmpFUnordered_reg_reg(crx, src, src);               // Check whether src is NaN.
     convF2LRaw_regF(tmpF, src);                         // Convert float to long (speculated).
-    cmovL_bso_reg_conLvalue0_Ex(dst, crx, tmpF);        // Cmove based on NaN check.
+    cmovL_bso_reg_con0(dst, crx, tmpF);                 // Cmove based on NaN check.
   %}
 %}
 
@@ -10231,7 +10127,6 @@ instruct convD2LRaw_regD(regD dst, regD src) %{
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
 
-
 // Double to Long conversion, NaN is mapped to 0. Special version for Power8.
 instruct convD2L_reg_mffprd_ExEx(iRegLdst dst, regD src) %{
   match(Set dst (ConvD2L src));
@@ -10242,7 +10137,7 @@ instruct convD2L_reg_mffprd_ExEx(iRegLdst dst, regD src) %{
     flagsReg crx;
     cmpDUnordered_reg_reg(crx, src, src);               // Check whether src is NaN.
     convD2LRaw_regD(tmpD, src);                         // Convert float to long (speculated).
-    cmovL_bso_reg_conLvalue0_Ex(dst, crx, tmpD);        // Cmove based on NaN check.
+    cmovL_bso_reg_con0(dst, crx, tmpD);                 // Cmove based on NaN check.
   %}
 %}
 

From 6383ad150cf024ed0492526ed5dd042856b9cfee Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Albert Mingkun Yang <ayang@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 6 Jul 2026 08:31:54 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 157/707] 8387581: Serial: Clean up startup allocation locking

Reviewed-by: tschatzl, aboldtch
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/serial/serialHeap.cpp | 27 +++++++++++-----------
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/serial/serialHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/serial/serialHeap.cpp
index 5d068ff67e0..3de562e886d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/serial/serialHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/serial/serialHeap.cpp
@@ -306,11 +306,25 @@ HeapWord* SerialHeap::mem_allocate_work(size_t size, bool is_tlab) {
 
   for (uint try_count = 1; /* break */; try_count++) {
     {
+      // This lock is needed to sync with the VM-init expansion below.
       ConditionalMutexLocker locker(Heap_lock, !is_init_completed());
       result = mem_allocate_cas_noexpand(size, is_tlab);
       if (result != nullptr) {
         break;
       }
+
+      // Ensure that is_init_completed() does not transition while expanding the heap.
+      ConditionalMutexLocker ml_init(InitCompleted_lock, !is_init_completed(), Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
+      if (!is_init_completed()) {
+        // Rechecked !is_init_completed() implies we have mutual exclusion via
+        // `Heap_lock` and `InitCompleted_lock`
+        result = expand_heap_and_allocate(size, is_tlab);
+        // Return the result if it's tlab-allocation. If the result is null,
+        // callers will retry non-tlab allocation.
+        if (result != nullptr || is_tlab) {
+          return result;
+        }
+      }
     }
     uint gc_count_before;  // Read inside the Heap_lock locked region.
     {
@@ -323,19 +337,6 @@ HeapWord* SerialHeap::mem_allocate_work(size_t size, bool is_tlab) {
         break;
       }
 
-      if (!is_init_completed()) {
-        // Double checked locking, this ensure that is_init_completed() does not
-        // transition while expanding the heap.
-        MonitorLocker ml(InitCompleted_lock, Monitor::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
-        if (!is_init_completed()) {
-          // Can't do GC; try heap expansion to satisfy the request.
-          result = expand_heap_and_allocate(size, is_tlab);
-          if (result != nullptr) {
-            return result;
-          }
-        }
-      }
-
       gc_count_before = total_collections();
     }
 

From 7ac72d18c2ad9839c4ebcda346cb604135aece49 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 6 Jul 2026 08:58:39 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 158/707] 8225186: G1: Compiler code cache requested GC
 deadlocks while WhiteBox has control

Reviewed-by: ayang, iwalulya
---
 src/hotspot/share/code/codeCache.cpp          |  27 ++-
 src/hotspot/share/code/codeCache.hpp          |  10 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp   |  24 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp          |   6 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1VMOperations.cpp    |  30 ++-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1VMOperations.hpp    |   4 +-
 .../gc/shared/concurrentGCBreakpoints.cpp     |   4 +-
 .../jtreg/gc/g1/TestCodeCacheWhiteBox.java    | 216 ++++++++++++++++++
 8 files changed, 292 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestCodeCacheWhiteBox.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/codeCache.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/codeCache.cpp
index f1ca317d36f..94cf8ebdec1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/codeCache.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/codeCache.cpp
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/classUnloadingContext.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp"
+#include "gc/shared/gcCause.hpp"
 #include "jfr/jfrEvents.hpp"
 #include "jvm_io.h"
 #include "logging/log.hpp"
@@ -814,7 +815,8 @@ void CodeCache::update_cold_gc_count() {
   size_t used = max - free;
   double gc_interval = time - last_time;
 
-  _unloading_threshold_gc_requested = false;
+  AtomicAccess::store(&_unloading_threshold_gc_state, UnloadingRequestState::Idle);
+
   _last_unloading_time = time;
   _last_unloading_used = used;
 
@@ -889,7 +891,7 @@ void CodeCache::gc_on_allocation() {
   double free_ratio = double(free) / double(max);
   if (free_ratio <= StartAggressiveSweepingAt / 100.0)  {
     // In case the GC is concurrent, we make sure only one thread requests the GC.
-    if (AtomicAccess::cmpxchg(&_unloading_threshold_gc_requested, false, true) == false) {
+    if (AtomicAccess::cmpxchg(&_unloading_threshold_gc_state, UnloadingRequestState::Idle, UnloadingRequestState::Active) == UnloadingRequestState::Idle) {
       log_info(codecache)("Triggering aggressive GC due to having only %.3f%% free memory", free_ratio * 100.0);
       Universe::heap()->collect(GCCause::_codecache_GC_aggressive);
     }
@@ -915,7 +917,7 @@ void CodeCache::gc_on_allocation() {
   // it is eventually invoked to avoid trouble.
   if (allocated_since_last_ratio > threshold) {
     // In case the GC is concurrent, we make sure only one thread requests the GC.
-    if (AtomicAccess::cmpxchg(&_unloading_threshold_gc_requested, false, true) == false) {
+    if (AtomicAccess::cmpxchg(&_unloading_threshold_gc_state, UnloadingRequestState::Idle, UnloadingRequestState::Active) == UnloadingRequestState::Idle) {
       log_info(codecache)("Triggering threshold (%.3f%%) GC due to allocating %.3f%% since last unloading (%.3f%% used -> %.3f%% used)",
                           threshold * 100.0, allocated_since_last_ratio * 100.0, last_used_ratio * 100.0, used_ratio * 100.0);
       Universe::heap()->collect(GCCause::_codecache_GC_threshold);
@@ -935,7 +937,7 @@ uint64_t CodeCache::_cold_gc_count = INT_MAX;
 
 double CodeCache::_last_unloading_time = 0.0;
 size_t CodeCache::_last_unloading_used = 0;
-volatile bool CodeCache::_unloading_threshold_gc_requested = false;
+volatile CodeCache::UnloadingRequestState CodeCache::_unloading_threshold_gc_state = UnloadingRequestState::Idle;
 TruncatedSeq CodeCache::_unloading_gc_intervals(10 /* samples */);
 TruncatedSeq CodeCache::_unloading_allocation_rates(10 /* samples */);
 
@@ -970,6 +972,23 @@ void CodeCache::on_gc_marking_cycle_finish() {
   update_cold_gc_count();
 }
 
+void CodeCache::defer_unloading_gc_request() {
+  assert_at_safepoint();
+  assert(_unloading_threshold_gc_state == UnloadingRequestState::Active, "only defer active requests");
+  AtomicAccess::store(&_unloading_threshold_gc_state, UnloadingRequestState::Deferred);
+}
+
+void CodeCache::clear_deferred_unloading_gc_request() {
+  // Codecache marking may still be active after aborting gc marking, so we can not
+  // use is_marking_active() to check whether we are in the correct state to clear
+  // the deferred state.
+  // Requests are only deferred outside GC marking, and only cleared after
+  // at the end of whitebox, we can just clear it if it was Deferred.
+  AtomicAccess::cmpxchg(&_unloading_threshold_gc_state,
+                        UnloadingRequestState::Deferred,
+                        UnloadingRequestState::Idle);
+}
+
 void CodeCache::arm_all_nmethods() {
   BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_nmethod()->arm_all_nmethods();
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/codeCache.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/codeCache.hpp
index 3b8aa5b2e58..bef114e5e19 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/codeCache.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/codeCache.hpp
@@ -107,7 +107,12 @@ class CodeCache : AllStatic {
   static double            _last_unloading_time;
   static TruncatedSeq      _unloading_gc_intervals;
   static TruncatedSeq      _unloading_allocation_rates;
-  static volatile bool     _unloading_threshold_gc_requested;
+  enum UnloadingRequestState : uint {
+    Idle,
+    Active,
+    Deferred
+  };
+  static volatile UnloadingRequestState _unloading_threshold_gc_state;
 
   static ExceptionCache* volatile _exception_cache_purge_list;
 
@@ -198,6 +203,9 @@ class CodeCache : AllStatic {
   static uint64_t previous_completed_gc_marking_cycle();
   static void on_gc_marking_cycle_start();
   static void on_gc_marking_cycle_finish();
+
+  static void defer_unloading_gc_request();
+  static void clear_deferred_unloading_gc_request();
   // Arm nmethods so that special actions are taken (nmethod_entry_barrier) for
   // on-stack nmethods. It's used in two places:
   // 1. Used before the start of concurrent marking so that oops inside
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
index eaa6afb5efa..9dfdb376905 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
@@ -1932,7 +1932,7 @@ static bool should_retry_vm_op(GCCause::Cause cause,
     // GC, so try again.
     LOG_COLLECT_CONCURRENTLY(cause, "retry after in-progress");
     return true;
-  } else if (op->whitebox_attached()) {
+  } else if (op->whitebox_controlled()) {
     // If WhiteBox wants control, wait for notification of a state
     // change in the controller, then try again.  Don't wait for
     // release of control, since collections may complete while in
@@ -2000,7 +2000,7 @@ bool G1CollectedHeap::try_collect_concurrently(size_t allocation_word_size,
       }
       // When _wb_breakpoint there can't be another cycle or deferred.
       assert(!op.cycle_already_in_progress(), "invariant");
-      assert(!op.whitebox_attached(), "invariant");
+      assert(!op.whitebox_controlled(), "invariant");
       // Concurrent cycle attempt might have been cancelled by some other
       // collection, so retry.  Unlike other cases below, we want to retry
       // even if cancelled by a STW full collection, because we really want
@@ -2025,15 +2025,21 @@ bool G1CollectedHeap::try_collect_concurrently(size_t allocation_word_size,
       // Cases (2) and (3) are detected together by a change to
       // _old_marking_cycles_started.
       //
-      // Compared to other "automatic" GCs (see below), we do not consider being
-      // in whitebox as sufficient too because we might be anywhere within that
-      // cycle and we need to make progress.
+      // Compared to other "automatic" GCs (see below), being in WhiteBox is not
+      // addressed here because we need to handle it specially.
       if (op.mark_in_progress() ||
           (old_marking_started_before != old_marking_started_after)) {
         LOG_COLLECT_CONCURRENTLY_COMPLETE(cause, true);
         return true;
       }
 
+      if (op.whitebox_controlled()) {
+        LOG_COLLECT_CONCURRENTLY(cause, "Suppressed CodeCache GC because of WhiteBox in control.");
+        // The caller in this case does not check the return value, so it does not
+        // really matter what we return. However we did not finish the request.
+        return false;
+      }
+
       if (wait_full_mark_finished(cause,
                                   old_marking_started_before,
                                   old_marking_started_after,
@@ -2041,7 +2047,11 @@ bool G1CollectedHeap::try_collect_concurrently(size_t allocation_word_size,
         return true;
       }
 
-      if (should_retry_vm_op(cause, &op)) {
+      if (op.cycle_already_in_progress()) {
+        // If VMOp failed because a cycle was already in progress, it
+        // is now complete (we just waited).  But it didn't finish this
+        // request, so try again.
+        LOG_COLLECT_CONCURRENTLY(cause, "retry after in-progress");
         continue;
       }
     } else if (!GCCause::is_user_requested_gc(cause)) {
@@ -2062,7 +2072,7 @@ bool G1CollectedHeap::try_collect_concurrently(size_t allocation_word_size,
       // _old_marking_cycles_started.
       if (op.gc_succeeded() ||
           op.cycle_already_in_progress() ||
-          op.whitebox_attached() ||
+          op.whitebox_controlled() ||
           (old_marking_started_before != old_marking_started_after)) {
         LOG_COLLECT_CONCURRENTLY_COMPLETE(cause, true);
         return true;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
index e2c01f9a13e..2414fdd7840 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
@@ -1253,9 +1253,9 @@ void G1Policy::update_survivors_policy() {
 }
 
 bool G1Policy::force_concurrent_start_if_outside_cycle(GCCause::Cause gc_cause) {
-  // We actually check whether we are marking here and not if we are in a
-  // reclamation phase. This means that we will schedule a concurrent mark
-  // even while we are still in the process of reclaiming memory.
+  // Check whether a concurrent cycle is active, do not include the
+  // reclamation/mixed phase. This means that we can schedule a concurrent cycle
+  // even while in the mixed phase.
   bool during_cycle = collector_state()->is_in_concurrent_cycle();
   if (!during_cycle) {
     log_debug(gc, ergo)("Request concurrent cycle initiation (requested by GC cause). "
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1VMOperations.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1VMOperations.cpp
index 373ec9660da..577f3b5491d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1VMOperations.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1VMOperations.cpp
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "code/codeCache.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1CollectorState.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkThread.inline.hpp"
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ VM_G1TryInitiateConcMark::VM_G1TryInitiateConcMark(size_t allocation_word_size,
   _transient_failure(false),
   _mark_in_progress(false),
   _cycle_already_in_progress(false),
-  _whitebox_attached(false),
+  _whitebox_controlled(false),
   _gc_succeeded(false)
 {}
 
@@ -88,19 +89,26 @@ void VM_G1TryInitiateConcMark::doit() {
   G1CollectorState* state = g1h->collector_state();
   _mark_in_progress = state->is_in_marking();
   _cycle_already_in_progress =  state->is_in_concurrent_cycle();
-
-  if (!g1h->policy()->force_concurrent_start_if_outside_cycle(_gc_cause)) {
+  _whitebox_controlled = (_gc_cause != GCCause::_wb_breakpoint) && ConcurrentGCBreakpoints::is_controlled();
+
+  // Notify the code cache that we deferred clearing the unloading GC request if we are WhiteBox controlled
+  // and we are going to suppress it. If marking is active, we do not need to suppress because that will satisfy the
+  // request already.
+  // This needs to be atomic wrt. to all code-cache allocation threads to allow setting the request
+  // after WhiteBox releases control again.
+  bool defer_codecache_request = whitebox_controlled() &&
+                                 GCCause::is_codecache_requested_gc(_gc_cause) &&
+                                 !mark_in_progress();
+  if (defer_codecache_request) {
+    CodeCache::defer_unloading_gc_request();
+    return;
+  } else if (!g1h->policy()->force_concurrent_start_if_outside_cycle(_gc_cause)) {
     // Failure to force the next GC pause to be a concurrent start indicates
     // there is already a concurrent marking cycle in progress. Flags to indicate
     // that were already set, so return immediately.
-  } else if ((_gc_cause != GCCause::_wb_breakpoint) &&
-             ConcurrentGCBreakpoints::is_controlled()) {
-    // WhiteBox wants to be in control of concurrent cycles, so don't try to
-    // start one.  This check is after the force_concurrent_start_xxx so that a
-    // request will be remembered for a later partial collection, even though
-    // we've rejected this request.
-    _whitebox_attached = true;
-  } else {
+    return;
+  } else if (!whitebox_controlled()) {
+    // Only run a concurrent marking if not controlled by WhiteBox.
     g1h->do_collection_pause_at_safepoint(_word_size);
     _gc_succeeded = true;
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1VMOperations.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1VMOperations.hpp
index 7d56ea1916f..0c12e75eef0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1VMOperations.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1VMOperations.hpp
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class VM_G1TryInitiateConcMark : public VM_GC_Collect_Operation {
   bool _transient_failure;
   bool _mark_in_progress;
   bool _cycle_already_in_progress;
-  bool _whitebox_attached;
+  bool _whitebox_controlled;
   // The concurrent start pause may be cancelled for some reasons. Keep track of
   // this.
   bool _gc_succeeded;
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class VM_G1TryInitiateConcMark : public VM_GC_Collect_Operation {
   bool transient_failure() const { return _transient_failure; }
   bool mark_in_progress() const { return _mark_in_progress; }
   bool cycle_already_in_progress() const { return _cycle_already_in_progress; }
-  bool whitebox_attached() const { return _whitebox_attached; }
+  bool whitebox_controlled() const { return _whitebox_controlled; }
   bool gc_succeeded() const { return _gc_succeeded && VM_GC_Operation::gc_succeeded(); }
 };
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/concurrentGCBreakpoints.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/concurrentGCBreakpoints.cpp
index 3a974952fea..b0a784e9282 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/concurrentGCBreakpoints.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/concurrentGCBreakpoints.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "code/codeCache.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/concurrentGCBreakpoints.hpp"
 #include "logging/log.hpp"
@@ -89,6 +90,7 @@ void ConcurrentGCBreakpoints::release_control() {
   MonitorLocker ml(monitor());
   log_trace(gc, breakpoint)("release_control");
   reset_request_state();
+  CodeCache::clear_deferred_unloading_gc_request();
   ml.notify_all();
 }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestCodeCacheWhiteBox.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestCodeCacheWhiteBox.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c47dafc3203
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestCodeCacheWhiteBox.java
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package gc.g1;
+
+/*
+ * @test TestCodeCacheWhiteBox.java
+ * @bug 8225186
+ * @summary Test to make sure that code cache unloading does not make the VM hang when receiving
+ * a request while WhiteBox is holding control.
+ * We do that by triggering a code cache gc request (by triggering compilations) during a
+ * synchronous compilation while whitebox is holding control, and additionally verify that
+ * after the concurrent cycle additional code cache gc requests start more concurrent cycles.
+ * @requires vm.gc.G1
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @library /test/lib /testlibrary /
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.management
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xmx20M -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbootclasspath/a:. gc.g1.TestCodeCacheWhiteBox
+ */
+
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.net.URLClassLoader;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.Platform;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+public class TestCodeCacheWhiteBox {
+    public static final String AFTER_FIRST_CYCLE_MARKER = "Marker for this test";
+
+    private static final WhiteBox WB = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+
+    private static OutputAnalyzer runTest(String concPhase) throws Exception {
+        OutputAnalyzer output = ProcessTools.executeLimitedTestJava("-XX:+UseG1GC",
+                                                                    "-Xmx20M",
+                                                                    "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                                                                    "-Xbootclasspath/a:.",
+                                                                    "-Xbatch",                      // Needed to make compilation synchronous
+                                                                    "-Xlog:gc=trace,codecache",
+                                                                    "-XX:+WhiteBoxAPI",
+                                                                    "-XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=" + (Platform.is32bit() ? "4M" : "8M"),
+                                                                    "-XX:StartAggressiveSweepingAt=50",
+                                                                    "-XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,gc.g1.SomeClass::*",
+                                                                    "-XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,gc.g1.Foo*::*",
+                                                                    TestCodeCacheWhiteBoxRunner.class.getName(),
+                                                                    concPhase);
+        return output;
+    }
+
+    private static void runAndCheckTest(String test) throws Exception {
+        OutputAnalyzer output;
+
+        output = runTest(test);
+        output.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+        output.shouldNotContain("ERROR");
+        System.out.println(output.getStdout());
+
+        String[] parts = output.getStdout().split(AFTER_FIRST_CYCLE_MARKER);
+
+        // Either "Threshold" or "Aggressive" CodeCache GC are fine for the test.
+        final String codecacheGCStart = "Pause Young (Concurrent Start) (CodeCache GC ";
+
+        boolean success = parts.length == 2 && parts[1].indexOf(codecacheGCStart) != -1;
+        Asserts.assertTrue(success, "Could not find a CodeCache GC Threshold GC after finishing the concurrent cycle");
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        runAndCheckTest(WB.BEFORE_MARKING_COMPLETED);    // This one should always complete. Just for sanity checking.
+        runAndCheckTest(WB.G1_BEFORE_REBUILD_COMPLETED);
+        runAndCheckTest(WB.G1_BEFORE_CLEANUP_COMPLETED);
+    }
+}
+
+class TestCodeCacheWhiteBoxRunner {
+    private static final WhiteBox WB = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+
+    private static void refClass(Class clazz) throws Exception {
+        Field name = clazz.getDeclaredField("NAME");
+        name.setAccessible(true);
+        name.get(null);
+    }
+
+    private static class MyClassLoader extends URLClassLoader {
+        public MyClassLoader(URL url) {
+            super(new URL[]{url}, null);
+        }
+        protected Class<?> loadClass(String name, boolean resolve) throws ClassNotFoundException {
+            try {
+                return super.loadClass(name, resolve);
+            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
+                return Class.forName(name, resolve, TestCodeCacheWhiteBoxRunner.class.getClassLoader());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void triggerCodeCacheGC() {
+        URL url = TestCodeCacheWhiteBoxRunner.class.getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation();
+        try {
+            int i = 0;
+            do {
+                ClassLoader cl = new MyClassLoader(url);
+                refClass(cl.loadClass("gc.g1.SomeClass"));
+
+                if (i % 20 == 0) {
+                    System.out.println("Compiled " + i + " classes");
+                }
+                i++;
+            } while (i < 200);
+            System.out.println("Compilation done, compiled " + i + " classes");
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            System.out.println("ERROR: threw exception " + t);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        System.out.println("Running to breakpoint: " + args[0]);
+        try {
+            WB.concurrentGCAcquireControl();
+            WB.concurrentGCRunTo(args[0]);
+
+            System.out.println("Try to trigger code cache GC");
+
+            Thread toRun = new Thread(() ->
+            {
+                System.out.println("Thread is running");
+                triggerCodeCacheGC();
+                System.out.println("Thread completed");
+            });
+            toRun.setDaemon(true); // non-daemon thread could prevent VM shutdown after the main thread times out
+            toRun.start();
+            toRun.join(60_000);
+
+            if (toRun.isAlive()) {
+                toRun.interrupt();
+                throw new RuntimeException("ERROR: thread took too long, deadlocked?");
+            }
+
+            WB.concurrentGCRunToIdle();
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            System.out.println("ERROR: starting helper thread");
+            throw e;
+        } finally {
+            // Make sure that the marker we use to find the expected log message is printed
+            // before we release whitebox control, i.e. before the expected garbage collection
+            // can start.
+            System.out.println(TestCodeCacheWhiteBox.AFTER_FIRST_CYCLE_MARKER);
+            WB.concurrentGCReleaseControl();
+        }
+        Thread.sleep(1000);
+        triggerCodeCacheGC();
+    }
+}
+
+abstract class Foo {
+    public abstract int foo();
+}
+
+class Foo1 extends Foo {
+    private int a;
+    public int foo() { return a; }
+}
+
+class Foo2 extends Foo {
+    private int a;
+    public int foo() { return a; }
+}
+
+class Foo3 extends Foo {
+    private int a;
+    public int foo() { return a; }
+}
+
+class Foo4 extends Foo {
+    private int a;
+    public int foo() { return a; }
+}
+
+class SomeClass {
+    static final String NAME = "name";
+
+    static {
+        int res =0;
+        Foo[] foos = new Foo[] { new Foo1(), new Foo2(), new Foo3(), new Foo4() };
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) {
+            res = foos[i % foos.length].foo();
+        }
+    }
+}

From b9f36a121a16ccea1877d0db8b49998d2df0cb17 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 6 Jul 2026 14:09:26 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 159/707] 8387638: Some compiler/vectorization/runner/* tests
 timed out in Driver mode

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, mhaessig
---
 .../runner/VectorizationTestRunner.java             | 13 ++++++++-----
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/VectorizationTestRunner.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/VectorizationTestRunner.java
index 9adebf30d31..7e836d78849 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/VectorizationTestRunner.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/runner/VectorizationTestRunner.java
@@ -141,17 +141,20 @@ private void runTestOnMethod(Method method) throws InterruptedException {
         Object expected = null;
         Object actual = null;
 
-        // Temporarily disable the compiler and invoke the method to get reference
-        // result from the interpreter
-        Flags.WHITEBOX.setBooleanVMFlag("UseCompiler", false);
+        // Temporarily make the test method not compilable and invoke it to get the
+        // reference result from the interpreter.
+        Flags.WHITEBOX.makeMethodNotCompilable(method, CompLevel.ANY.getValue(), true);
+        Flags.WHITEBOX.makeMethodNotCompilable(method, CompLevel.ANY.getValue(), false);
         try {
             expected = method.invoke(this);
+            assert(Flags.WHITEBOX.getMethodCompilationLevel(method) == COMP_LEVEL_INTP);
         } catch (Exception e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
             fail("Exception is thrown in test method invocation (interpreter).");
+        } finally {
+            // Make the test method compilable again
+            Flags.WHITEBOX.clearMethodState(method);
         }
-        assert(Flags.WHITEBOX.getMethodCompilationLevel(method) == COMP_LEVEL_INTP);
-        Flags.WHITEBOX.setBooleanVMFlag("UseCompiler", true);
 
         // Compile the method and invoke it again
         long enqueueTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

From 01a9a4021848aabc4bb68600a89a380a76a33ff1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 6 Jul 2026 15:44:00 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 160/707] 8387721: C2: Print Node barrier data

Reviewed-by: amitkumar, chagedorn
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp | 30 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
 src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp |  4 ++++
 2 files changed, 30 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
index 4f68ff281a0..00ccb3e3dbc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
@@ -86,12 +86,13 @@ bool MemNode::check_if_adr_maybe_raw(Node* adr) {
 
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 void MemNode::dump_spec(outputStream *st) const {
-  if (in(Address) == nullptr)  return; // node is dead
+  if (in(Address) == nullptr) {
+    // node is dead
+    return;
+  }
 #ifndef ASSERT
   // fake the missing field
-  const TypePtr* _adr_type = nullptr;
-  if (in(Address) != nullptr)
-    _adr_type = in(Address)->bottom_type()->isa_ptr();
+  const TypePtr* _adr_type = in(Address)->bottom_type()->isa_ptr();
 #endif
   dump_adr_type(_adr_type, st);
 
@@ -108,6 +109,7 @@ void MemNode::dump_spec(outputStream *st) const {
   if (_unsafe_access) {
     st->print(" unsafe");
   }
+  st->print(" barrier(0x%x)", _barrier_data);
 }
 
 void MemNode::dump_adr_type(const TypePtr* adr_type, outputStream* st) {
@@ -4145,6 +4147,26 @@ MemBarNode* LoadStoreNode::trailing_membar() const {
 
 uint LoadStoreNode::size_of() const { return sizeof(*this); }
 
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+void LoadStoreNode::dump_spec(outputStream* st) const {
+  if (in(MemNode::Address) == nullptr) {
+    // node is dead
+    return;
+  }
+#ifndef ASSERT
+  // fake the missing field
+  const TypePtr* _adr_type = in(MemNode::Address)->bottom_type()->isa_ptr();
+#endif
+  MemNode::dump_adr_type(_adr_type, st);
+
+  Compile* C = Compile::current();
+  if (C->alias_type(_adr_type)->is_volatile()) {
+    st->print(" Volatile!");
+  }
+  st->print(" barrier(0x%x)", _barrier_data);
+}
+#endif
+
 //=============================================================================
 //----------------------------------LoadStoreConditionalNode--------------------
 LoadStoreConditionalNode::LoadStoreConditionalNode( Node *c, Node *mem, Node *adr, Node *val, Node *ex ) : LoadStoreNode(c, mem, adr, val, nullptr, TypeInt::BOOL, 5) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp
index f3f65608972..77252520324 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp
@@ -880,6 +880,10 @@ class LoadStoreNode : public Node {
   uint8_t barrier_data() { return _barrier_data; }
   void set_barrier_data(uint8_t barrier_data) { _barrier_data = barrier_data; }
 
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+  virtual void dump_spec(outputStream *st) const;
+#endif
+
 private:
   virtual bool depends_only_on_test_impl() const { return false; }
 };

From 223b80b6d6566c9a543c8cb1752393addb589923 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 6 Jul 2026 20:38:46 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 161/707] 8387713: Shenandoah: Rework native card table barrier

Reviewed-by: wkemper, kdnilsen
---
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp    |  2 +-
 .../shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp           | 31 +++++++++++--------
 2 files changed, 19 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp
index 8989c5f2028..51b355e7042 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ class ShenandoahBarrierSet: public BarrierSet {
   inline oop oop_xchg(DecoratorSet decorators, T* addr, oop new_value);
 
   template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename T>
-  void write_ref_field_post(T* field);
+  void write_ref_field_post(T* field, oop new_value);
 
   void write_ref_array(HeapWord* start, size_t count);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp
index e8eb4ee4180..f4b859afc44 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp
@@ -208,23 +208,28 @@ inline void ShenandoahBarrierSet::keep_alive_if_weak(DecoratorSet decorators, oo
 }
 
 template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename T>
-inline void ShenandoahBarrierSet::write_ref_field_post(T* field) {
+inline void ShenandoahBarrierSet::write_ref_field_post(T* field, oop new_value) {
   assert(ShenandoahCardBarrier, "Should have been checked by caller");
-  if (_heap->is_in_young(field)) {
-    // Young field stores do not require card mark.
+
+  if (new_value == nullptr) {
+    // Null reference stores do not require card mark.
     return;
   }
-  T heap_oop = RawAccess<>::oop_load(field);
-  if (CompressedOops::is_null(heap_oop)) {
-    // Null reference store do not require card mark.
+
+  if (_heap->is_in_young(field)) {
+    // Young field stores do not require card mark.
     return;
   }
-  oop obj = CompressedOops::decode_not_null(heap_oop);
-  if (!_heap->is_in_young(obj)) {
+
+  if (!_heap->is_in_young(new_value)) {
     // Not an old->young reference store.
     return;
   }
+
   volatile CardTable::CardValue* byte = card_table()->byte_for(field);
+  if (UseCondCardMark && (*byte == CardTable::dirty_card_val())) {
+    return;
+  }
   *byte = CardTable::dirty_card_val();
 }
 
@@ -321,7 +326,7 @@ inline void ShenandoahBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::oop_st
   oop_store_common(addr, value);
   if (ShenandoahCardBarrier) {
     ShenandoahBarrierSet* bs = ShenandoahBarrierSet::barrier_set();
-    bs->write_ref_field_post<decorators>(addr);
+    bs->write_ref_field_post<decorators>(addr, value);
   }
 }
 
@@ -347,7 +352,7 @@ inline oop ShenandoahBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::oop_ato
   ShenandoahBarrierSet* bs = ShenandoahBarrierSet::barrier_set();
   oop result = bs->oop_cmpxchg(decorators, addr, compare_value, new_value);
   if (ShenandoahCardBarrier) {
-    bs->write_ref_field_post<decorators>(addr);
+    bs->write_ref_field_post<decorators>(addr, new_value);
   }
   return result;
 }
@@ -371,7 +376,7 @@ inline oop ShenandoahBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::oop_ato
   auto addr = AccessInternal::oop_field_addr<decorators>(base, offset);
   oop result = bs->oop_cmpxchg(resolved_decorators, addr, compare_value, new_value);
   if (ShenandoahCardBarrier) {
-    bs->write_ref_field_post<decorators>(addr);
+    bs->write_ref_field_post<decorators>(addr, new_value);
   }
   return result;
 }
@@ -393,7 +398,7 @@ inline oop ShenandoahBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::oop_ato
   ShenandoahBarrierSet* bs = ShenandoahBarrierSet::barrier_set();
   oop result = bs->oop_xchg(decorators, addr, new_value);
   if (ShenandoahCardBarrier) {
-    bs->write_ref_field_post<decorators>(addr);
+    bs->write_ref_field_post<decorators>(addr, new_value);
   }
   return result;
 }
@@ -417,7 +422,7 @@ inline oop ShenandoahBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::oop_ato
   auto addr = AccessInternal::oop_field_addr<decorators>(base, offset);
   oop result = bs->oop_xchg(resolved_decorators, addr, new_value);
   if (ShenandoahCardBarrier) {
-    bs->write_ref_field_post<decorators>(addr);
+    bs->write_ref_field_post<decorators>(addr, new_value);
   }
   return result;
 }

From 7be9cd96741084c983eacaff555bc554affb913a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 7 Jul 2026 07:22:41 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 162/707] 8387403: BUILD_LIBJAVA remove special warning
 settings

Reviewed-by: djelinski, naoto, jlu, lucy
---
 make/modules/java.base/lib/CoreLibraries.gmk  |  2 --
 .../unix/native/libjava/TimeZone_md.c         | 19 ++++---------------
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)

diff --git a/make/modules/java.base/lib/CoreLibraries.gmk b/make/modules/java.base/lib/CoreLibraries.gmk
index 8e3891a344c..87a4460a972 100644
--- a/make/modules/java.base/lib/CoreLibraries.gmk
+++ b/make/modules/java.base/lib/CoreLibraries.gmk
@@ -57,8 +57,6 @@ $(eval $(call SetupJdkLibrary, BUILD_LIBJAVA, \
     ProcessImpl_md.c_CFLAGS := $(VERSION_CFLAGS), \
     java_props_md.c_CFLAGS := \
         -DARCHPROPNAME='"$(OPENJDK_TARGET_CPU_OSARCH)"', \
-    DISABLED_WARNINGS_gcc_ProcessImpl_md.c := unused-result, \
-    DISABLED_WARNINGS_clang_TimeZone_md.c := unused-variable, \
     JDK_LIBS := libjvm, \
     LIBS_linux := $(LIBDL), \
     LIBS_aix := $(LIBDL) $(LIBM), \
diff --git a/src/java.base/unix/native/libjava/TimeZone_md.c b/src/java.base/unix/native/libjava/TimeZone_md.c
index bc2ed500d60..709617333d9 100644
--- a/src/java.base/unix/native/libjava/TimeZone_md.c
+++ b/src/java.base/unix/native/libjava/TimeZone_md.c
@@ -41,22 +41,11 @@
 #include "TimeZone_md.h"
 #include "path_util.h"
 
-#define fileopen        fopen
-#define filegets        fgets
-#define fileclose       fclose
-
-#if defined(__linux__) || defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE)
+#if defined(__linux__) || defined(MACOSX)
 static const char *ZONEINFO_DIR = "/usr/share/zoneinfo";
 static const char *DEFAULT_ZONEINFO_FILE = "/etc/localtime";
-#else
-static const char *SYS_INIT_FILE = "/etc/default/init";
-static const char *ZONEINFO_DIR = "/usr/share/lib/zoneinfo";
-static const char *DEFAULT_ZONEINFO_FILE = "/usr/share/lib/zoneinfo/localtime";
-#endif /* defined(__linux__) || defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE) */
-
 static const char popularZones[][4] = {"UTC", "GMT"};
 
-#if defined(__linux__) || defined(MACOSX)
 static char *isFileIdentical(char* buf, size_t size, char *pathname);
 
 /*
@@ -121,7 +110,7 @@ getPathName(const char *dir, const char *name) {
 /*
  * Scans the specified directory and its subdirectories to find a
  * zoneinfo file which has the same content as /etc/localtime on Linux
- * or /usr/share/lib/zoneinfo/localtime on Solaris given in 'buf'.
+ * given in 'buf'.
  * If file is symbolic link, then the contents it points to are in buf.
  * Returns a zone ID if found, otherwise, NULL is returned.
  */
@@ -475,7 +464,7 @@ mapPlatformToJavaTimezone(const char *java_home_dir, const char *tz) {
     return javatz;
 }
 
-#endif /* defined(_AIX) */
+#endif /* defined(__linux__) || defined(MACOSX) || defined(_AIX) */
 
 /*
  * findJavaTZ_md() maps platform time zone ID to Java time zone ID
@@ -542,7 +531,6 @@ char *
 getGMTOffsetID()
 {
     char buf[32];
-    char offset[6];
     struct tm localtm;
     time_t clock = time(NULL);
     if (localtime_r(&clock, &localtm) == NULL) {
@@ -576,6 +564,7 @@ getGMTOffsetID()
     snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), (const char *)"GMT%c%02.2d:%02.2d",
             gmt_off < 0 ? '-' : '+' , abs(gmt_off / 60), gmt_off % 60);
 #else
+    char offset[6];
     if (strftime(offset, 6, "%z", &localtm) != 5) {
         return strdup("GMT");
     }

From 5a7905643b7e61bcc4c99341a31a141638160117 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 7 Jul 2026 07:27:18 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 163/707] 8386592: Gtest os.trim_native_heap_vm sometimes fails
 in subtest os.trim_native_heap_vm

Reviewed-by: clanger, stuefe
---
 test/hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_os.cpp | 31 +++++++++++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 20 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_os.cpp b/test/hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_os.cpp
index cd0f0b9aa53..72e1080f099 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_os.cpp
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_os.cpp
@@ -1062,17 +1062,26 @@ TEST_VM(os, is_first_C_frame) {
 TEST_VM(os, trim_native_heap) {
   EXPECT_TRUE(os::can_trim_native_heap());
   os::size_change_t sc;
-  sc.before = sc.after = (size_t)-1;
-  EXPECT_TRUE(os::trim_native_heap(&sc));
-  tty->print_cr("%zu->%zu", sc.before, sc.after);
-  // Regardless of whether we freed memory, both before and after
-  // should be somewhat believable numbers (RSS).
-  const size_t min = 5 * M;
-  const size_t max = LP64_ONLY(20 * G) NOT_LP64(3 * G);
-  ASSERT_LE(min, sc.before);
-  ASSERT_GT(max, sc.before);
-  ASSERT_LE(min, sc.after);
-  ASSERT_GT(max, sc.after);
+  os::Linux::accurate_meminfo_t info1;
+  os::Linux::accurate_meminfo_t info2;
+  bool have_info1 = os::Linux::query_accurate_process_memory_info(&info1);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(os::trim_native_heap(nullptr));
+  bool have_info2 = os::Linux::query_accurate_process_memory_info(&info2);
+
+  if (have_info1 && have_info2) {
+    sc.before = (info1.rss + info1.swap) * K;
+    sc.after = (info2.rss + info2.swap) * K;
+    tty->print_cr("%zu->%zu", sc.before, sc.after);
+
+    // Regardless of whether we freed memory, both before and after
+    // should be somewhat believable numbers (RSS).
+    const size_t min = 5 * M;
+    const size_t max = LP64_ONLY(20 * G) NOT_LP64(3 * G);
+    ASSERT_LE(min, sc.before);
+    ASSERT_GT(max, sc.before);
+    ASSERT_LE(min, sc.after);
+    ASSERT_GT(max, sc.after);
+  }
   // Should also work
   EXPECT_TRUE(os::trim_native_heap());
 }

From cb45fb887af0e6116db91bd2a5725efb02ae4780 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 7 Jul 2026 07:29:39 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 164/707] 8387697: Avoid using
 os::Linux::query_accurate_process_memory_info in JFR

Reviewed-by: mgronlun, stuefe
---
 src/hotspot/os/linux/os_linux.cpp | 35 +++++--------------------------
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/os/linux/os_linux.cpp b/src/hotspot/os/linux/os_linux.cpp
index aa5a9b9d937..ad1f384fa32 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os/linux/os_linux.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os/linux/os_linux.cpp
@@ -2860,39 +2860,14 @@ void os::pd_print_cpu_info(outputStream* st, char* buf, size_t buflen) {
 
 #if INCLUDE_JFR
 
-// hwm (high water mark) in K for the VM RSS
-static long jfr_rss_hwm_k = -1;
-
-static void send_resident_set_size_event(ssize_t size, ssize_t peak) {
-  EventResidentSetSize event;
-  event.set_size(size * K);
-  event.set_peak(peak * K);
-  event.commit();
-}
-
 void os::jfr_report_memory_info() {
-  os::Linux::accurate_meminfo_t accurate_info;
-  if (os::Linux::query_accurate_process_memory_info(&accurate_info) && accurate_info.rss != -1) {
-    // unfortunately the smaps_rollup/accurate_info contains no hwm (high water mark) for RSS
-    struct rusage ru;
-    if (getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &ru) == 0) {
-      if (ru.ru_maxrss > jfr_rss_hwm_k) {
-        jfr_rss_hwm_k = ru.ru_maxrss;
-      }
-    }
-
-    // do not allow larger current RSS than hwm
-    if (accurate_info.rss > jfr_rss_hwm_k) {
-      jfr_rss_hwm_k = accurate_info.rss;
-    }
-
-    send_resident_set_size_event(accurate_info.rss, jfr_rss_hwm_k);
-    return;
-  }
-
   os::Linux::meminfo_t info;
   if (os::Linux::query_process_memory_info(&info)) {
-    send_resident_set_size_event(info.vmrss, info.vmhwm);
+    // Send the RSS JFR event
+    EventResidentSetSize event;
+    event.set_size(info.vmrss * K);
+    event.set_peak(info.vmhwm * K);
+    event.commit();
   } else {
     // Log a warning
     static bool first_warning = true;

From 63294ee8ba61fb58e8bf4be1eb0d46631d9ff270 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Stuefe <stuefe@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 7 Jul 2026 09:39:32 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 165/707] 8387758: Oop verification wrong in
 StubGenerator::generate_generic_copy

Reviewed-by: shade, galder
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp      | 3 ++-
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp          | 3 ++-
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_arraycopy.cpp | 5 +++--
 3 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
index f6ed5c2862a..5dfd41293fd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
@@ -2568,7 +2568,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ movw(scratch_length, length);        // length (elements count, 32-bits value)
     __ tbnz(scratch_length, 31, L_failed);  // i.e. sign bit set
 
-    __ load_klass(scratch_src_klass, src);
+    __ load_narrow_klass(scratch_src_klass, src);
 #ifdef ASSERT
     //  assert(src->klass() != nullptr);
     {
@@ -2583,6 +2583,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       BLOCK_COMMENT("} assert klasses not null done");
     }
 #endif
+    __ decode_klass_not_null(scratch_src_klass, scratch_src_klass);
 
     // Load layout helper (32-bits)
     //
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp
index 82e5a49faf0..06cf67e2486 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp
@@ -1889,7 +1889,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ sext(scratch_length, length, 32); // length (elements count, 32-bits value)
     __ bltz(scratch_length, L_failed);
 
-    __ load_klass(scratch_src_klass, src);
+    __ load_narrow_klass(scratch_src_klass, src);
 #ifdef ASSERT
     {
       BLOCK_COMMENT("assert klasses not null {");
@@ -1903,6 +1903,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       BLOCK_COMMENT("} assert klasses not null done");
     }
 #endif
+    __ decode_klass_not_null(scratch_src_klass, t0);
 
     // Load layout helper (32-bits)
     //
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_arraycopy.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_arraycopy.cpp
index a45340b8800..cececa7b3ad 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_arraycopy.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_arraycopy.cpp
@@ -3560,13 +3560,13 @@ address StubGenerator::generate_generic_copy(address byte_copy_entry, address sh
   __ testl(r11_length, r11_length);
   __ jccb(Assembler::negative, L_failed_0);
 
-  __ load_klass(r10_src_klass, src, rklass_tmp);
+  __ load_narrow_klass(r10_src_klass, src);
 #ifdef ASSERT
   //  assert(src->klass() != nullptr);
   {
     BLOCK_COMMENT("assert klasses not null {");
     Label L1, L2;
-    __ testptr(r10_src_klass, r10_src_klass);
+    __ testl(r10_src_klass, r10_src_klass);
     __ jcc(Assembler::notZero, L2);   // it is broken if klass is null
     __ bind(L1);
     __ stop("broken null klass");
@@ -3577,6 +3577,7 @@ address StubGenerator::generate_generic_copy(address byte_copy_entry, address sh
     BLOCK_COMMENT("} assert klasses not null done");
   }
 #endif
+  __ decode_klass_not_null(r10_src_klass, rklass_tmp);
 
   // Load layout helper (32-bits)
   //

From ed81db1fe22c8eed5c46cd03dec4aa802f880fcf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dingli Zhang <dzhang@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 7 Jul 2026 09:42:08 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 166/707] 8387747: Enable long vector multiply IR tests for
 RISC-V

Reviewed-by: fyang, gcao
---
 .../TestVectorMulLongToSignedUnsignedInt.java | 22 ++++++++---------
 .../compiler/vectorapi/VectorMultiplyOpt.java | 24 ++++++++++++-------
 2 files changed, 27 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestVectorMulLongToSignedUnsignedInt.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestVectorMulLongToSignedUnsignedInt.java
index e7745b5e88c..cb58cfca652 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestVectorMulLongToSignedUnsignedInt.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestVectorMulLongToSignedUnsignedInt.java
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
     @Test
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 ",
                   IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "},
-        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"})
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG},
         phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
         applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ public void runNegativeMask() {
     @Test
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 ",
                   IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "},
-        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"})
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG},
         phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
         applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ public void runBit32SetMask() {
     @Test
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 ",
                   IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "},
-        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"})
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG},
         phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
         applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ public void runMinValueMask() {
     // Case 5: Mask = 0xFFFF_FFFFL (exactly uint max, boundary valid case).
     @Test
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "},
-        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"})
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG, " >0 "},
         phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
         applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ public void runUintMaxMask() {
     // Case 6: Small mask (0xFFFFL), clearly fits in uint.
     @Test
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "},
-        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"})
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG, " >0 "},
         phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
         applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ public void runSmallMask() {
     @Test
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ",
                   IRNode.URSHIFT_VL, " >0 "},
-        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"})
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG, " >0 "},
         phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
         applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ public void runURShift32() {
     @Test
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 ",
                   IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "},
-        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"})
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG},
         phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
         applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ public void runAsymmetricMask() {
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.URSHIFT_VL, " >0 ",
                   IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 ",
                   IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "},
-        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"})
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG},
         phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
         applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ public void runMixedURShiftAndNegMask() {
     @Test
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 ",
                   IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "},
-        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx512f", "true", "sve", "true"})
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx512f", "true", "sve", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG},
         phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
         applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512f", "true"})
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ public void runPredicatedAndMask() {
     @Test
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.URSHIFT_VL, " >0 ",
                   IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "},
-        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx512f", "true", "sve", "true"})
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx512f", "true", "sve", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULUDQ_REG},
         phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
         applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512f", "true"})
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ public void runPredicatedURShift32() {
     @Test
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.RSHIFT_VL, " >0 ",
                   IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 "},
-        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx512f", "true", "sve", "true"})
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx512f", "true", "sve", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     @IR(failOn = {IRNode.X86_VMULDQ_REG},
         phase = CompilePhase.MATCHING,
         applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512f", "true"})
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorMultiplyOpt.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorMultiplyOpt.java
index 68ac9249ebf..4d8344e729e 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorMultiplyOpt.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorMultiplyOpt.java
@@ -107,7 +107,8 @@ public static void validate(String msg, long[] actual, Object src1, Object src2,
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 "},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     @IR(counts = {"vmuludq", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
     @IR(counts = {"vmulL_uint_sve2", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
         applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
@@ -135,7 +136,8 @@ public void test_pattern1_validate() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.URSHIFT_VL, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.URSHIFT_VL, " >0 "},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     @IR(counts = {"vmuludq", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
     @IR(counts = {"vmulL_uint_sve2", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
         applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
@@ -163,7 +165,8 @@ public void test_pattern2_validate() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.URSHIFT_VL, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.URSHIFT_VL, " >0 "},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     @IR(counts = {"vmuludq", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
     @IR(counts = {"vmulL_uint_sve2", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
         applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
@@ -191,7 +194,8 @@ public void test_pattern3_validate() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.URSHIFT_VL, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.URSHIFT_VL, " >0 "},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     @IR(counts = {"vmuludq", " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     @IR(counts = {"vmulL_uint_sve2", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
         applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
@@ -219,7 +223,8 @@ public void test_pattern4_validate() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.VECTOR_CAST_I2L, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.VECTOR_CAST_I2L, " >0 "},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     @IR(counts = {"vmuldq", " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     @IR(counts = {"vmulL_int_sve2", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
         applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
@@ -250,7 +255,8 @@ public void test_pattern5_validate() {
 
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.RSHIFT_VL, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.RSHIFT_VL, " >0 "},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     @IR(counts = {"vmuldq", " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     @IR(counts = {"vmulL_int_sve2", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
         applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
@@ -280,7 +286,8 @@ public void test_pattern6_validate() {
     // Same-operand multiplication (v * v) where v has zero-extended high bits.
     // On NEON this should map to the dedicated rule that emits a single xtn.
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.AND_VL, " >0 "},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     @IR(counts = {"vmuludq", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
     @IR(counts = {"vmulL_uint_sve2", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
         applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})
@@ -309,7 +316,8 @@ public void test_pattern7_validate() {
     // Same-operand multiplication (v * v) where v has sign-extended high bits.
     // On NEON this should map to the dedicated rule that emits a single xtn.
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.VECTOR_CAST_I2L, " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MUL_VL, " >0 ", IRNode.VECTOR_CAST_I2L, " >0 "},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     @IR(counts = {"vmuldq", " >0 "}, applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx", "true"}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     @IR(counts = {"vmulL_int_sve2", " >0 "}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
         applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve2", "true"})

From 432f005b87211b402bb9299fb123379543988168 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Coleen Phillimore <coleenp@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 7 Jul 2026 12:22:01 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 167/707] 8387757: Man pages still say CompactObjectHeaders is
 not default

Reviewed-by: stuefe, lfoltan, shade, rkennke, dholmes
---
 src/java.base/share/man/java.md | 16 ++++++++--------
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/man/java.md b/src/java.base/share/man/java.md
index 30f018314e5..89166ae39e1 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/man/java.md
+++ b/src/java.base/share/man/java.md
@@ -1568,14 +1568,14 @@ These `java` options control the runtime behavior of the Java HotSpot VM.
 
     This option is similar to `-Xss`.
 
-[`-XX:+UseCompactObjectHeaders`]{#-XX__UseCompactObjectHeaders}
-:   Enables compact object headers. By default, this option is disabled.
-    Enabling this option reduces memory footprint in the Java heap by
-    4 bytes per object (on average) and often improves performance.
-
-    The feature remains disabled by default while it continues to be evaluated.
-    In a future release it is expected to be enabled by default, and
-    eventually will be the only mode of operation.
+[`-XX:-UseCompactObjectHeaders`]{#-XX__UseCompactObjectHeaders}
+:   Disables compact object headers. By default, this option is enabled and
+    compact object headers are used.  Using compact object headers reduces
+    memory footprint in the Java heap by 4 bytes per object (on average) and
+    often improves performance.
+
+    This option can be used if performance regressions are suspected. In a future
+    release compact object headers is expected to become the only mode of operation.
 
 [`-XX:-UseCompressedOops`]{#-XX__UseCompressedOops}
 :   Disables the use of compressed pointers. By default, this option is

From c8d4c7d1815fe44cecaceeec497ecb758aabebf7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 7 Jul 2026 12:53:43 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 168/707] 8387760: G1: Let
 G1ConcurrentMark::_chunks_in_chunk_list use the Atomic API

Reviewed-by: shade, aboldtch
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp        | 6 +++---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp        | 6 +++---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.inline.hpp | 2 +-
 3 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp
index 6f9e4e2e9cf..233901c30f8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ void G1CMMarkStack::add_chunk_to_list(Atomic<TaskQueueEntryChunk*>* list, TaskQu
 void G1CMMarkStack::add_chunk_to_chunk_list(TaskQueueEntryChunk* elem) {
   MutexLocker x(G1MarkStackChunkList_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
   add_chunk_to_list(&_chunk_list, elem);
-  _chunks_in_chunk_list++;
+  _chunks_in_chunk_list.add_then_fetch(1u, memory_order_relaxed);
 }
 
 void G1CMMarkStack::add_chunk_to_free_list(TaskQueueEntryChunk* elem) {
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ G1CMMarkStack::TaskQueueEntryChunk* G1CMMarkStack::remove_chunk_from_chunk_list(
   MutexLocker x(G1MarkStackChunkList_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
   TaskQueueEntryChunk* result = remove_chunk_from_list(&_chunk_list);
   if (result != nullptr) {
-    _chunks_in_chunk_list--;
+    _chunks_in_chunk_list.sub_then_fetch(1u, memory_order_relaxed);
   }
   return result;
 }
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ bool G1CMMarkStack::par_pop_chunk(G1TaskQueueEntry* ptr_arr) {
 }
 
 void G1CMMarkStack::set_empty() {
-  _chunks_in_chunk_list = 0;
+  _chunks_in_chunk_list.store_relaxed(0);
   _chunk_list.store_relaxed(nullptr);
   _free_list.store_relaxed(nullptr);
   _chunk_allocator.reset();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp
index 73dabc12863..f1f84bf246e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp
@@ -213,8 +213,8 @@ class G1CMMarkStack {
   Atomic<TaskQueueEntryChunk*> _free_list;  // Linked list of free chunks that can be allocated by users.
   char _pad1[DEFAULT_PADDING_SIZE - sizeof(TaskQueueEntryChunk*)];
   Atomic<TaskQueueEntryChunk*> _chunk_list; // List of chunks currently containing data.
-  volatile size_t _chunks_in_chunk_list;
-  char _pad2[DEFAULT_PADDING_SIZE - sizeof(TaskQueueEntryChunk*) - sizeof(size_t)];
+  Atomic<size_t> _chunks_in_chunk_list;
+  char _pad2[DEFAULT_PADDING_SIZE - sizeof(TaskQueueEntryChunk*) - sizeof(_chunks_in_chunk_list)];
 
   // Atomically add the given chunk to the list.
   void add_chunk_to_list(Atomic<TaskQueueEntryChunk*>* list, TaskQueueEntryChunk* elem);
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ class G1CMMarkStack {
 
   // Return the approximate number of oops on this mark stack. Racy due to
   // unsynchronized access to _chunks_in_chunk_list.
-  size_t size() const { return _chunks_in_chunk_list * EntriesPerChunk; }
+  size_t size() const { return _chunks_in_chunk_list.load_relaxed() * EntriesPerChunk; }
 
   void set_empty();
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.inline.hpp
index ec6a486dc02..76fdcd218ae 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.inline.hpp
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ inline void G1CMMarkStack::iterate(Fn fn) const {
 
   TaskQueueEntryChunk* cur = _chunk_list.load_relaxed();
   while (cur != nullptr) {
-    guarantee(num_chunks <= _chunks_in_chunk_list, "Found %zu oop chunks which is more than there should be", num_chunks);
+    guarantee(num_chunks <= _chunks_in_chunk_list.load_relaxed(), "Found %zu oop chunks which is more than there should be", num_chunks);
 
     for (size_t i = 0; i < EntriesPerChunk; ++i) {
       if (cur->data[i].is_null()) {

From fc73ca7f38be7e82902f162bccc6009779223950 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 7 Jul 2026 12:54:01 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 169/707] 8387751: G1: Remove volatile from
 G1CollectorState::_initiate_conc_mark_if_possible

Reviewed-by: aboldtch, ayang
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectorState.hpp        | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectorState.inline.hpp | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp                | 1 +
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.hpp                | 5 ++---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.hpp        | 2 +-
 5 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectorState.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectorState.hpp
index 762ddb1fc8f..002b7894030 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectorState.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectorState.hpp
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ class G1CollectorState {
   // has been in progress when the request came in.
   //
   // This flag remembers that there is an unfullfilled request.
-  volatile bool _initiate_conc_mark_if_possible;
+  bool _initiate_conc_mark_if_possible;
 
 public:
   G1CollectorState() :
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectorState.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectorState.inline.hpp
index b63d683bb63..1a0e91f1adb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectorState.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectorState.inline.hpp
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ inline void G1CollectorState::set_in_full_gc() {
 
 inline void G1CollectorState::set_in_concurrent_start_gc() {
   _phase = Phase::YoungConcurrentStart;
-  _initiate_conc_mark_if_possible = false;
+  set_initiate_conc_mark_if_possible(false);
 }
 inline void G1CollectorState::set_in_prepare_mixed_gc() {
   _phase = Phase::YoungPrepareMixed;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
index 2414fdd7840..d271a8a610a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
@@ -1253,6 +1253,7 @@ void G1Policy::update_survivors_policy() {
 }
 
 bool G1Policy::force_concurrent_start_if_outside_cycle(GCCause::Cause gc_cause) {
+  assert_at_safepoint_on_vm_thread();
   // Check whether a concurrent cycle is active, do not include the
   // reclamation/mixed phase. This means that we can schedule a concurrent cycle
   // even while in the mixed phase.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.hpp
index 1fa81fe60b6..e09a76397cc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.hpp
@@ -335,9 +335,8 @@ class G1Policy: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
 
 public:
   // This sets the initiate_conc_mark_if_possible() flag to start a
-  // new cycle, as long as we are not already in one. It's best if it
-  // is called during a safepoint when the test whether a cycle is in
-  // progress or not is stable.
+  // new cycle, as long as we are not already in one. It is called
+  // at a safepoint.
   bool force_concurrent_start_if_outside_cycle(GCCause::Cause gc_cause);
 
   // Decide whether this garbage collection pause should be a concurrent start
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.hpp
index 7415bc83827..e9f2477ea76 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.hpp
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ class G1YoungCollector {
                    size_t allocation_word_size);
   void collect();
 
-  G1CollectorState next_state() const { return _next_state; }
+  const G1CollectorState next_state() const { return _next_state; }
   bool concurrent_operation_is_full_mark() const { return _concurrent_operation_is_full_mark; }
 };
 

From f264341bacd7f8aae41772cc993f9741d68d59a1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 7 Jul 2026 12:54:23 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 170/707] 8387490: G1: Dynamically creating worker threads
 exposes memory visibility race

Reviewed-by: aboldtch, ayang
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/workerThread.cpp | 20 ++++++++++++--------
 src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/workerThread.hpp |  8 ++++++--
 2 files changed, 18 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/workerThread.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/workerThread.cpp
index 35749452c85..94d0d904340 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/workerThread.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/workerThread.cpp
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ bool WorkerThreads::allow_inject_creation_failure() const {
     return false;
   }
 
-  if (_created_workers == 0) {
+  if (_created_workers.load_relaxed() == 0) {
     // Never allow creation failures of the first worker, it will cause the VM to exit
     return false;
   }
@@ -135,18 +135,20 @@ uint WorkerThreads::set_active_workers(uint num_workers) {
             "Invalid number of active workers %u (should be 1-%u)",
             num_workers, _max_workers);
 
-  while (_created_workers < num_workers) {
-    WorkerThread* const worker = create_worker(_created_workers);
+  uint local_created_workers = created_workers();
+  while (local_created_workers < num_workers) {
+    WorkerThread* const worker = create_worker(local_created_workers);
     if (worker == nullptr) {
       log_error(gc, task)("Failed to create worker thread");
       break;
     }
 
-    _workers[_created_workers] = worker;
-    _created_workers++;
+    _workers[local_created_workers] = worker;
+    local_created_workers++;
+    _created_workers.release_store(local_created_workers);
   }
 
-  _active_workers = MIN2(_created_workers, num_workers);
+  _active_workers = MIN2(local_created_workers, num_workers);
 
   log_trace(gc, task)("%s: using %d out of %d workers", _name, _active_workers, _max_workers);
 
@@ -154,14 +156,16 @@ uint WorkerThreads::set_active_workers(uint num_workers) {
 }
 
 void WorkerThreads::threads_do(ThreadClosure* tc) const {
-  for (uint i = 0; i < _created_workers; i++) {
+  uint local_created_workers = created_workers();
+  for (uint i = 0; i < local_created_workers; i++) {
     tc->do_thread(_workers[i]);
   }
 }
 
 template <typename Function>
 void WorkerThreads::threads_do_f(Function function) const {
-  for (uint i = 0; i < _created_workers; i++) {
+  uint local_created_workers = created_workers();
+  for (uint i = 0; i < local_created_workers; i++) {
     function(_workers[i]);
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/workerThread.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/workerThread.hpp
index 003ce8a2959..6ed28e5b9b7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/workerThread.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/workerThread.hpp
@@ -88,7 +88,11 @@ class WorkerThreads : public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
   const char* const    _name;
   WorkerThread**       _workers;
   const uint           _max_workers;
-  uint                 _created_workers;
+  // _created_workers publishes the initialized prefix of _workers.
+  // Writers release-store to it after initializing an entry. Readers
+  // load-acquire before accessing _workers to not access uninitalized
+  // data.
+  Atomic<uint>         _created_workers;
   uint                 _active_workers;
   WorkerTaskDispatcher _dispatcher;
 
@@ -107,7 +111,7 @@ class WorkerThreads : public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
   bool allow_inject_creation_failure() const;
 
   uint max_workers() const     { return _max_workers; }
-  uint created_workers() const { return _created_workers; }
+  uint created_workers() const { return _created_workers.load_acquire(); }
   uint active_workers() const  { return _active_workers; }
 
   uint set_active_workers(uint num_workers);

From 6e5bfcc6450512b4b974ed4afa067547552a0847 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 7 Jul 2026 12:54:47 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 171/707] 8387764: G1: Let G1CollectedHeap::_summary_bytes_used
 use the Atomic API

Reviewed-by: aboldtch, shade
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp | 15 +++++++--------
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/vmStructs_g1.hpp    |  4 ++--
 3 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
index 9dfdb376905..3c41133e572 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
@@ -1761,12 +1761,11 @@ size_t G1CollectedHeap::unused_committed_regions_in_bytes() const {
 
 // Computes the sum of the storage used by the various regions.
 size_t G1CollectedHeap::used() const {
-  size_t result = _summary_bytes_used + _allocator->used_in_alloc_regions();
-  return result;
+  return used_unlocked() + _allocator->used_in_alloc_regions();
 }
 
 size_t G1CollectedHeap::used_unlocked() const {
-  return _summary_bytes_used;
+  return _summary_bytes_used.load_relaxed();
 }
 
 class SumUsedClosure: public G1HeapRegionClosure {
@@ -3034,18 +3033,18 @@ void G1CollectedHeap::prepare_region_for_full_compaction(G1HeapRegion* hr) {
 }
 
 void G1CollectedHeap::increase_used(size_t bytes) {
-  _summary_bytes_used += bytes;
+  _summary_bytes_used.add_then_fetch(bytes, memory_order_relaxed);
 }
 
 void G1CollectedHeap::decrease_used(size_t bytes) {
-  assert(_summary_bytes_used >= bytes,
+  assert(used_unlocked() >= bytes,
          "invariant: _summary_bytes_used: %zu should be >= bytes: %zu",
-         _summary_bytes_used, bytes);
-  _summary_bytes_used -= bytes;
+         used_unlocked(), bytes);
+  _summary_bytes_used.sub_then_fetch(bytes, memory_order_relaxed);
 }
 
 void G1CollectedHeap::set_used(size_t bytes) {
-  _summary_bytes_used = bytes;
+  _summary_bytes_used.store_relaxed(bytes);
 }
 
 class RebuildRegionSetsClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
index 718c230851f..cb466a5e120 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ class G1CollectedHeap : public CollectedHeap {
 
   // Outside of GC pauses, the number of bytes used in all regions other
   // than the current allocation region(s).
-  volatile size_t _summary_bytes_used;
+  Atomic<size_t> _summary_bytes_used;
 
   void increase_used(size_t bytes);
   void decrease_used(size_t bytes);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/vmStructs_g1.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/vmStructs_g1.hpp
index af236ec8581..e0179b69646 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/vmStructs_g1.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/vmStructs_g1.hpp
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
   nonstatic_field(G1HeapRegion, _bottom,         HeapWord* const)             \
   nonstatic_field(G1HeapRegion, _top,            Atomic<HeapWord*>)           \
   nonstatic_field(G1HeapRegion, _end,            HeapWord* const)             \
-  volatile_nonstatic_field(G1HeapRegion, _pinned_object_count, Atomic<size_t>)\
+  nonstatic_field(G1HeapRegion, _pinned_object_count, Atomic<size_t>)         \
                                                                               \
   nonstatic_field(G1HeapRegionType, _tag,   G1HeapRegionType::Tag volatile)   \
                                                                               \
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
                                                                               \
   nonstatic_field(G1HeapRegionManager, _regions,        G1HeapRegionTable)    \
                                                                               \
-  volatile_nonstatic_field(G1CollectedHeap, _summary_bytes_used, size_t)      \
+  nonstatic_field(G1CollectedHeap, _summary_bytes_used, Atomic<size_t>)       \
   nonstatic_field(G1CollectedHeap, _hrm,                G1HeapRegionManager)  \
   nonstatic_field(G1CollectedHeap, _monitoring_support, G1MonitoringSupport*) \
   nonstatic_field(G1CollectedHeap, _old_set,            G1HeapRegionSetBase)  \

From 74f9b51f3436018f5f0987cee253d01f2eb27541 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jatin Bhateja <jbhateja@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 7 Jul 2026 14:52:07 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 172/707] 8381809: Template Framework Library: add
 Float16Vector type

Reviewed-by: epeter, galder
---
 .../library/CodeGenerationDataNameType.java   | 101 +++++++-
 .../library/Operations.java                   | 224 +++++++++++-------
 .../library/PrimitiveType.java                |  52 +++-
 .../library/ShortCarriesFloat16Type.java      | 112 +++++++++
 .../library/VectorElementType.java            | 103 ++++++++
 .../library/VectorType.java                   |  23 +-
 .../jtreg/compiler/lib/verify/Verify.java     |  54 +++++
 .../vectorapi/VectorExpressionFuzzer.java     |  67 ++++--
 .../verify/tests/TestVerifyFloat16.java       |  84 ++++++-
 9 files changed, 695 insertions(+), 125 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/ShortCarriesFloat16Type.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/VectorElementType.java

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/CodeGenerationDataNameType.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/CodeGenerationDataNameType.java
index 33eba66cd8c..5bfa217a1bb 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/CodeGenerationDataNameType.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/CodeGenerationDataNameType.java
@@ -33,6 +33,27 @@
  * additional functionality for code generation. These types with their extended
  * functionality can be used with many other code generation facilities in the
  * library, such as generating random {@code Expression}s.
+ *
+ * <p>This module distinguishes <strong>scalar</strong> Java types and
+ * <strong>Vector API lane-element</strong> types:
+ * <ul>
+ *   <li>Scalar {@code PRIMITIVE_TYPES}/{@code FLOATING_TYPES}/etc. enumerate
+ *       only Java primitive types ({@code byte}, {@code short}, ...).
+ *       These lists are typed as {@code List<PrimitiveType>} and are consumed
+ *       by scalar fuzzers / scalar code generation. {@link Float16Type} (the
+ *       scalar {@code Float16} logical type) is included in
+ *       {@link #SCALAR_NUMERIC_TYPES}.</li>
+ *   <li>Vector-lane lists ({@code VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES},
+ *       {@code FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES}, ...) enumerate the lane types
+ *       valid for {@code VectorType.Vector}. These are typed as
+ *       {@code List<VectorElementType>} and additionally include
+ *       {@link ShortCarriesFloat16Type#SHORT_CARRIES_FLOAT16} since {@code Float16Vector} is a real
+ *       Vector API type whose lanes happen to have no Java primitive
+ *       keyword.</li>
+ * </ul>
+ * Vector generators (e.g. {@code Operations.VECTOR_OPERATIONS}) consume the
+ * vector-lane lists; scalar generators (e.g.
+ * {@code Operations.PRIMITIVE_OPERATIONS}) consume the scalar lists.
  */
 public interface CodeGenerationDataNameType extends DataName.Type {
 
@@ -101,9 +122,22 @@ public interface CodeGenerationDataNameType extends DataName.Type {
     static PrimitiveType booleans() { return PrimitiveType.BOOLEANS; }
 
     /**
-     * The Float16 type.
+     * The {@code short}-carried {@code Float16} lane-element type used by
+     * {@code Float16Vector}. This is a {@link VectorElementType},
+     * <strong>not</strong> a Java {@link PrimitiveType}; it appears in
+     * vector-lane lists but never in the scalar
+     * {@code PRIMITIVE_TYPES}/{@code FLOATING_TYPES} lists. Its lanes carry the
+     * raw bits of the {@code Float16} value in a {@code short}, hence the
+     * explicit {@code shortCarriesFloat16} naming.
+     *
+     * @return The {@code Float16Vector} {@link VectorElementType}.
+     */
+    static ShortCarriesFloat16Type shortCarriesFloat16() { return ShortCarriesFloat16Type.SHORT_CARRIES_FLOAT16; }
+
+    /**
+     * The {@code Float16} scalar (boxed) type.
      *
-     * @return The Float16 type.
+     * @return The scalar {@code Float16} type.
      */
     static CodeGenerationDataNameType float16() { return Float16Type.FLOAT16; }
 
@@ -185,6 +219,61 @@ public interface CodeGenerationDataNameType extends DataName.Type {
         float16()
     );
 
+    // --------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Vector API lane-element type lists.
+    //
+    // These are typed as List<VectorElementType> and may include
+    // ShortCarriesFloat16Type.SHORT_CARRIES_FLOAT16 in addition to the Java
+    // primitive lane carriers. Vector generators (e.g. Operations.VECTOR_OPS)
+    // iterate over these lists to enumerate the lane types they support.
+    // --------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    /**
+     * All Vector API lane-element types: every Java numeric primitive lane
+     * carrier plus {@link ShortCarriesFloat16Type#SHORT_CARRIES_FLOAT16}.
+     */
+    List<VectorElementType> VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES = List.of(
+        bytes(),
+        shorts(),
+        shortCarriesFloat16(),
+        ints(),
+        longs(),
+        floats(),
+        doubles()
+    );
+
+    /**
+     * Integral Vector API lane-element types (byte, short, int, long).
+     */
+    List<VectorElementType> INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES = List.of(
+        bytes(),
+        shorts(),
+        ints(),
+        longs()
+    );
+
+    /**
+     * Floating Vector API lane-element types (float16, float, double).
+     */
+    List<VectorElementType> FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES = List.of(
+        shortCarriesFloat16(),
+        floats(),
+        doubles()
+    );
+
+    /**
+     * Vector API lane-element types whose lanes are 32/64 bits and integral
+     * (int, long).
+     */
+    List<VectorElementType> INT_LONG_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES = List.of(
+        ints(),
+        longs()
+    );
+
+    // --------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Concrete VectorType lists (typed as the concrete Vector subclasses).
+    // --------------------------------------------------------------------
+
     List<VectorType.Vector> VECTOR_BYTE_VECTOR_TYPES = List.of(
         VectorType.BYTE_64,
         VectorType.BYTE_128,
@@ -199,6 +288,13 @@ public interface CodeGenerationDataNameType extends DataName.Type {
         VectorType.SHORT_512
     );
 
+    List<VectorType.Vector> VECTOR_FLOAT16_VECTOR_TYPES = List.of(
+        VectorType.FLOAT16_64,
+        VectorType.FLOAT16_128,
+        VectorType.FLOAT16_256,
+        VectorType.FLOAT16_512
+    );
+
     List<VectorType.Vector> VECTOR_INT_VECTOR_TYPES = List.of(
         VectorType.INT_64,
         VectorType.INT_128,
@@ -230,6 +326,7 @@ public interface CodeGenerationDataNameType extends DataName.Type {
     List<VectorType.Vector> VECTOR_VECTOR_TYPES = Utils.concat(
         VECTOR_BYTE_VECTOR_TYPES,
         VECTOR_SHORT_VECTOR_TYPES,
+        VECTOR_FLOAT16_VECTOR_TYPES,
         VECTOR_INT_VECTOR_TYPES,
         VECTOR_LONG_VECTOR_TYPES,
         VECTOR_FLOAT_VECTOR_TYPES,
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/Operations.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/Operations.java
index 3dffa096525..e9218101081 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/Operations.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/Operations.java
@@ -36,10 +36,15 @@
 import static compiler.lib.template_framework.library.PrimitiveType.DOUBLES;
 import static compiler.lib.template_framework.library.PrimitiveType.BOOLEANS;
 import static compiler.lib.template_framework.library.Float16Type.FLOAT16;
+import static compiler.lib.template_framework.library.ShortCarriesFloat16Type.SHORT_CARRIES_FLOAT16;
 import static compiler.lib.template_framework.library.CodeGenerationDataNameType.PRIMITIVE_TYPES;
 import static compiler.lib.template_framework.library.CodeGenerationDataNameType.INTEGRAL_TYPES;
 import static compiler.lib.template_framework.library.CodeGenerationDataNameType.FLOATING_TYPES;
 import static compiler.lib.template_framework.library.CodeGenerationDataNameType.INT_LONG_TYPES;
+import static compiler.lib.template_framework.library.CodeGenerationDataNameType.VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES;
+import static compiler.lib.template_framework.library.CodeGenerationDataNameType.INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES;
+import static compiler.lib.template_framework.library.CodeGenerationDataNameType.FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES;
+import static compiler.lib.template_framework.library.CodeGenerationDataNameType.INT_LONG_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES;
 
 /**
  * This class provides various lists of {@link Expression}s, that represent Java operators or library
@@ -326,8 +331,11 @@ private enum VOPType {
         INTEGRAL_ASSOCIATIVE, // Binary - but only safe for integral reductions
         TERNARY
     }
-    private record VOP(String name, VOPType type, List<PrimitiveType> elementTypes, boolean isDeterministic) {
-        VOP(String name, VOPType type, List<PrimitiveType> elementTypes) {
+    // VOP element type pools are typed as VectorElementType so they can include
+    // ShortCarriesFloat16Type.SHORT_CARRIES_FLOAT16 (the Float16Vector lane type) alongside the
+    // primitive lane types.
+    private record VOP(String name, VOPType type, List<VectorElementType> elementTypes, boolean isDeterministic) {
+        VOP(String name, VOPType type, List<VectorElementType> elementTypes) {
             this(name, type, elementTypes, true);
         }
     }
@@ -337,81 +345,81 @@ private record VOP(String name, VOPType type, List<PrimitiveType> elementTypes,
     //       But if a test is just interested in determinism, they are still
     //       non-deterministic.
     private static final List<VOP> VECTOR_OPS = List.of(
-        new VOP("ABS",                  VOPType.UNARY,                PRIMITIVE_TYPES),
-        new VOP("ACOS",                 VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_TYPES,     false), // 1 ulp
-        new VOP("ADD",                  VOPType.INTEGRAL_ASSOCIATIVE, PRIMITIVE_TYPES),
-        new VOP("AND",                  VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE,          INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("AND_NOT",              VOPType.BINARY,               INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("ASHR",                 VOPType.BINARY,               INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("ASIN",                 VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_TYPES,     false), // 1 ulp
-        new VOP("ATAN",                 VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_TYPES,     false), // 1 ulp
-        new VOP("ATAN2",                VOPType.BINARY,               FLOATING_TYPES,     false), // 2 ulp
-        new VOP("BIT_COUNT",            VOPType.UNARY,                INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("BITWISE_BLEND",        VOPType.TERNARY,              INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("CBRT",                 VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_TYPES,     false), // 1 ulp
-        new VOP("COMPRESS_BITS",        VOPType.BINARY,               INT_LONG_TYPES),
-        new VOP("COS",                  VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_TYPES,     false), // 1 ulp
-        new VOP("COSH",                 VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_TYPES,     false), // 2.5 ulp
-        new VOP("DIV",                  VOPType.BINARY,               FLOATING_TYPES),
-        new VOP("EXP",                  VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_TYPES,     false), // 1 ulp
-        new VOP("EXPAND_BITS",          VOPType.BINARY,               INT_LONG_TYPES),
-        new VOP("EXPM1",                VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_TYPES,     false), // 1 ulp
-        new VOP("FIRST_NONZERO",        VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE,          PRIMITIVE_TYPES),
-        new VOP("FMA",                  VOPType.TERNARY,              FLOATING_TYPES),
-        new VOP("HYPOT",                VOPType.BINARY,               FLOATING_TYPES,     false), // 1.5 ulp
-        new VOP("LEADING_ZEROS_COUNT",  VOPType.UNARY,                INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("LOG",                  VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_TYPES,     false), // 1 ulp
-        new VOP("LOG10",                VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_TYPES,     false), // 1 ulp
-        new VOP("LOG1P",                VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_TYPES,     false), // 1 ulp
-        new VOP("LSHL",                 VOPType.BINARY,               INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("LSHR",                 VOPType.BINARY,               INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("MIN",                  VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE,          PRIMITIVE_TYPES),
-        new VOP("MAX",                  VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE,          PRIMITIVE_TYPES),
-        new VOP("MUL",                  VOPType.INTEGRAL_ASSOCIATIVE, PRIMITIVE_TYPES),
-        new VOP("NEG",                  VOPType.UNARY,                PRIMITIVE_TYPES),
-        new VOP("NOT",                  VOPType.UNARY,                INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("OR",                   VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE,          INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("POW",                  VOPType.BINARY,               FLOATING_TYPES,     false), // 1 ulp
-        new VOP("REVERSE",              VOPType.UNARY,                INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("REVERSE_BYTES",        VOPType.UNARY,                INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("ROL",                  VOPType.BINARY,               INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("ROR",                  VOPType.BINARY,               INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("SADD",                 VOPType.BINARY,               INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("SIN",                  VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_TYPES,     false), // 1 ulp
-        new VOP("SINH",                 VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_TYPES,     false), // 2.5 ulp
-        new VOP("SQRT",                 VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_TYPES),
-        new VOP("SSUB",                 VOPType.BINARY,               INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("SUADD",                VOPType.BINARY,               INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("SUB",                  VOPType.BINARY,               PRIMITIVE_TYPES),
-        new VOP("SUSUB",                VOPType.BINARY,               INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("TAN",                  VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_TYPES,     false), // 1.25 ulp
-        new VOP("TANH",                 VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_TYPES,     false), // 2.5 ulp
-        new VOP("TRAILING_ZEROS_COUNT", VOPType.UNARY,                INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("UMAX",                 VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE,          INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("UMIN",                 VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE,          INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("XOR",                  VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE,          INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("ZOMO",                 VOPType.UNARY,                INTEGRAL_TYPES)
+        new VOP("ABS",                  VOPType.UNARY,                VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("ACOS",                 VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES, false), // 1 ulp
+        new VOP("ADD",                  VOPType.INTEGRAL_ASSOCIATIVE, VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("AND",                  VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE,          INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("AND_NOT",              VOPType.BINARY,               INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("ASHR",                 VOPType.BINARY,               INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("ASIN",                 VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES, false), // 1 ulp
+        new VOP("ATAN",                 VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES, false), // 1 ulp
+        new VOP("ATAN2",                VOPType.BINARY,               FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES, false), // 2 ulp
+        new VOP("BIT_COUNT",            VOPType.UNARY,                INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("BITWISE_BLEND",        VOPType.TERNARY,              INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("CBRT",                 VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES, false), // 1 ulp
+        new VOP("COMPRESS_BITS",        VOPType.BINARY,               INT_LONG_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("COS",                  VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES, false), // 1 ulp
+        new VOP("COSH",                 VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES, false), // 2.5 ulp
+        new VOP("DIV",                  VOPType.BINARY,               FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("EXP",                  VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES, false), // 1 ulp
+        new VOP("EXPAND_BITS",          VOPType.BINARY,               INT_LONG_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("EXPM1",                VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES, false), // 1 ulp
+        new VOP("FIRST_NONZERO",        VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE,          VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("FMA",                  VOPType.TERNARY,              FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("HYPOT",                VOPType.BINARY,               FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES, false), // 1.5 ulp
+        new VOP("LEADING_ZEROS_COUNT",  VOPType.UNARY,                INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("LOG",                  VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES, false), // 1 ulp
+        new VOP("LOG10",                VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES, false), // 1 ulp
+        new VOP("LOG1P",                VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES, false), // 1 ulp
+        new VOP("LSHL",                 VOPType.BINARY,               INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("LSHR",                 VOPType.BINARY,               INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("MIN",                  VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE,          VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("MAX",                  VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE,          VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("MUL",                  VOPType.INTEGRAL_ASSOCIATIVE, VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("NEG",                  VOPType.UNARY,                VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("NOT",                  VOPType.UNARY,                INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("OR",                   VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE,          INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("POW",                  VOPType.BINARY,               FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES, false), // 1 ulp
+        new VOP("REVERSE",              VOPType.UNARY,                INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("REVERSE_BYTES",        VOPType.UNARY,                INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("ROL",                  VOPType.BINARY,               INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("ROR",                  VOPType.BINARY,               INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("SADD",                 VOPType.BINARY,               INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("SIN",                  VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES, false), // 1 ulp
+        new VOP("SINH",                 VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES, false), // 2.5 ulp
+        new VOP("SQRT",                 VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("SSUB",                 VOPType.BINARY,               INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("SUADD",                VOPType.BINARY,               INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("SUB",                  VOPType.BINARY,               VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("SUSUB",                VOPType.BINARY,               INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("TAN",                  VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES, false), // 1.25 ulp
+        new VOP("TANH",                 VOPType.UNARY,                FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES, false), // 2.5 ulp
+        new VOP("TRAILING_ZEROS_COUNT", VOPType.UNARY,                INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("UMAX",                 VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE,          INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("UMIN",                 VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE,          INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("XOR",                  VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE,          INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("ZOMO",                 VOPType.UNARY,                INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES)
     );
 
     private static final List<VOP> VECTOR_CMP = List.of(
-        new VOP("EQ",                   VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE, PRIMITIVE_TYPES),
-        new VOP("GE",                   VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE, PRIMITIVE_TYPES),
-        new VOP("GT",                   VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE, PRIMITIVE_TYPES),
-        new VOP("LE",                   VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE, PRIMITIVE_TYPES),
-        new VOP("LT",                   VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE, PRIMITIVE_TYPES),
-        new VOP("NE",                   VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE, PRIMITIVE_TYPES),
-        new VOP("UGE",                  VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE, INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("UGT",                  VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE, INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("ULE",                  VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE, INTEGRAL_TYPES),
-        new VOP("ULT",                  VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE, INTEGRAL_TYPES)
+        new VOP("EQ",                   VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE, VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("GE",                   VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE, VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("GT",                   VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE, VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("LE",                   VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE, VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("LT",                   VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE, VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("NE",                   VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE, VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("UGE",                  VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE, INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("UGT",                  VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE, INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("ULE",                  VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE, INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("ULT",                  VOPType.ASSOCIATIVE, INTEGRAL_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES)
     );
 
     private static final List<VOP> VECTOR_TEST = List.of(
-        new VOP("IS_DEFAULT",           VOPType.UNARY, PRIMITIVE_TYPES),
-        new VOP("IS_NEGATIVE",          VOPType.UNARY, PRIMITIVE_TYPES),
-        new VOP("IS_FINITE",            VOPType.UNARY, FLOATING_TYPES),
-        new VOP("IS_NAN",               VOPType.UNARY, FLOATING_TYPES),
-        new VOP("IS_INFINITE",          VOPType.UNARY, FLOATING_TYPES)
+        new VOP("IS_DEFAULT",           VOPType.UNARY, VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("IS_NEGATIVE",          VOPType.UNARY, VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("IS_FINITE",            VOPType.UNARY, FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("IS_NAN",               VOPType.UNARY, FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES),
+        new VOP("IS_INFINITE",          VOPType.UNARY, FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES)
     );
 
     // TODO: Conversion VectorOperators -> convertShape
@@ -476,14 +484,14 @@ private static List<Expression> generateVectorOperations() {
                                                 "((" + type.name() + ")",
                                                 type2,
                                                 ".convert(VectorOperators.Conversion.ofCast("
-                                                    + type2.elementType.name() +  ".class, "
-                                                    + type.elementType.name() + ".class), 0))"));
+                                                    + type2.elementType.vectorElementClass() +  ".class, "
+                                                    + type.elementType.vectorElementClass() + ".class), 0))"));
                     ops.add(Expression.make(type,
                                                 "((" + type.name() + ")",
                                                 type2,
                                                 ".convert(VectorOperators.Conversion.ofCast("
-                                                    + type2.elementType.name() +  ".class, "
-                                                    + type.elementType.name() + ".class),",
+                                                    + type2.elementType.vectorElementClass() +  ".class, "
+                                                    + type.elementType.vectorElementClass() + ".class),",
                                                 INTS, // part
                                                 "))", WITH_OUT_OF_BOUNDS_EXCEPTION));
                 }
@@ -498,14 +506,14 @@ private static List<Expression> generateVectorOperations() {
                                             "((" + type.name() + ")",
                                             type2,
                                             ".convert(VectorOperators.Conversion.ofReinterpret("
-                                                + type2.elementType.name() +  ".class, "
-                                                + type.elementType.name() + ".class), 0))", reinterpretInfo));
+                                                + type2.elementType.vectorElementClass() +  ".class, "
+                                                + type.elementType.vectorElementClass() + ".class), 0))", reinterpretInfo));
                     ops.add(Expression.make(type,
                                             "((" + type.name() + ")",
                                             type2,
                                             ".convert(VectorOperators.Conversion.ofReinterpret("
-                                                + type2.elementType.name() +  ".class, "
-                                                + type.elementType.name() + ".class),",
+                                                + type2.elementType.vectorElementClass() +  ".class, "
+                                                + type.elementType.vectorElementClass() + ".class),",
                                             INTS, // part
                                             "))", reinterpretInfo.combineWith(WITH_OUT_OF_BOUNDS_EXCEPTION)));
                     if (type.elementType == BYTES) {
@@ -523,6 +531,9 @@ private static List<Expression> generateVectorOperations() {
                     if (type.elementType == FLOATS) {
                         ops.add(Expression.make(type, "", type2, ".reinterpretAsFloats()", reinterpretInfo));
                     }
+                    if (type.elementType == SHORT_CARRIES_FLOAT16) {
+                        ops.add(Expression.make(type, "", type2, ".reinterpretAsFloat16s()", reinterpretInfo));
+                    }
                     if (type.elementType == DOUBLES) {
                         ops.add(Expression.make(type, "", type2, ".reinterpretAsDoubles()", reinterpretInfo));
                     }
@@ -558,8 +569,8 @@ private static List<Expression> generateVectorOperations() {
                                         "((" + type.name() + ")",
                                         type2,
                                         ".convertShape(VectorOperators.Conversion.ofCast("
-                                            + type2.elementType.name() +  ".class, "
-                                            + type.elementType.name() + ".class), "
+                                            + type2.elementType.vectorElementClass() +  ".class, "
+                                            + type.elementType.vectorElementClass() + ".class), "
                                         + type.speciesName + ", ",
                                         INTS, // part
                                         "))", WITH_OUT_OF_BOUNDS_EXCEPTION));
@@ -567,8 +578,8 @@ private static List<Expression> generateVectorOperations() {
                                         "((" + type.name() + ")",
                                         type2,
                                         ".convertShape(VectorOperators.Conversion.ofReinterpret("
-                                            + type2.elementType.name() +  ".class, "
-                                            + type.elementType.name() + ".class), "
+                                            + type2.elementType.vectorElementClass() +  ".class, "
+                                            + type.elementType.vectorElementClass() + ".class), "
                                         + type.speciesName + ", ",
                                         INTS, // part
                                         "))", reinterpretInfo.combineWith(WITH_OUT_OF_BOUNDS_EXCEPTION)));
@@ -585,16 +596,16 @@ private static List<Expression> generateVectorOperations() {
                                             "((" + type.name() + ")",
                                             type2,
                                             ".convertShape(VectorOperators.Conversion.ofCast("
-                                                + type2.elementType.name() +  ".class, "
-                                                + type.elementType.name() + ".class), "
+                                                + type2.elementType.vectorElementClass() +  ".class, "
+                                                + type.elementType.vectorElementClass() + ".class), "
                                             + type.speciesName + ", ",
                                             INTS, " & " + partMask + "))"));
                     ops.add(Expression.make(type,
                                             "((" + type.name() + ")",
                                             type2,
                                             ".convertShape(VectorOperators.Conversion.ofReinterpret("
-                                                + type2.elementType.name() +  ".class, "
-                                                + type.elementType.name() + ".class), "
+                                                + type2.elementType.vectorElementClass() +  ".class, "
+                                                + type.elementType.vectorElementClass() + ".class), "
                                             + type.speciesName + ", ",
                                             INTS, " & " + partMask + "))", reinterpretInfo));
                 } else {
@@ -604,16 +615,16 @@ private static List<Expression> generateVectorOperations() {
                                             "((" + type.name() + ")",
                                             type2,
                                             ".convertShape(VectorOperators.Conversion.ofCast("
-                                                + type2.elementType.name() +  ".class, "
-                                                + type.elementType.name() + ".class), "
+                                                + type2.elementType.vectorElementClass() +  ".class, "
+                                                + type.elementType.vectorElementClass() + ".class), "
                                             + type.speciesName + ", "
                                             + "-(", INTS, " & " + partMask + ")))"));
                     ops.add(Expression.make(type,
                                             "((" + type.name() + ")",
                                             type2,
                                             ".convertShape(VectorOperators.Conversion.ofReinterpret("
-                                                + type2.elementType.name() +  ".class, "
-                                                + type.elementType.name() + ".class), "
+                                                + type2.elementType.vectorElementClass() +  ".class, "
+                                                + type.elementType.vectorElementClass() + ".class), "
                                             + type.speciesName + ", "
                                             + "-(", INTS, " & " + partMask + ")))", reinterpretInfo));
                 }
@@ -795,6 +806,27 @@ private static List<Expression> generateVectorOperations() {
             // skip hashCode
         }
 
+        // ----------------- ShortCarriesFloat16Type lane bridges --------------------
+        // ShortCarriesFloat16Type is the Float16Vector lane type; its lanes carry the raw
+        // bits of a Float16 in a short. We bridge it both to the boxed Float16 (rich
+        // float16 arithmetic) and to a plain short (raw-bit fiddling), so expression
+        // nesting can transition in and out of the lane type and so any IGVN
+        // optimizations on those transitions are exercised.
+        var float16Lane = ShortCarriesFloat16Type.SHORT_CARRIES_FLOAT16;
+        // Lane carrier -> boxed Float16: lifts a lane()/reduceLanes() result into the rich
+        // scalar Float16 world. The raw bits are not exposed (NaN-awareness is handled by
+        // Float16 verification), so deterministic.
+        ops.add(Expression.make(FLOAT16, "Float16.shortBitsToFloat16(", float16Lane, ")"));
+        // Boxed Float16 -> lane carrier: produces a ShortCarriesFloat16Type scalar to feed
+        // Float16Vector.broadcast/add(scalar)/withLane(...).
+        ops.add(Expression.make(float16Lane, "Float16.float16ToShortBits(", FLOAT16, ")"));
+        ops.add(Expression.make(float16Lane, "Float16.float16ToRawShortBits(", FLOAT16, ")"));
+        // Raw short <-> lane carrier: a Java-level no-op (both are carried in a short), but
+        // a type-level transition. short -> lane is deterministic; lane -> short exposes the
+        // raw bits, so distinct NaN encodings make it non-deterministic (preventing result verification).
+        ops.add(Expression.make(SHORT_CARRIES_FLOAT16, "/*cast to ShortCarriesFloat16Type*/(", SHORTS, ")"));
+        ops.add(Expression.make(SHORTS, "/*cast to short*/(", SHORT_CARRIES_FLOAT16, ")", WITH_NONDETERMINISTIC_RESULT));
+
         // TODO: VectorSpecies API methods
 
         // Make sure the list is not modifiable.
@@ -838,8 +870,18 @@ private static List<Expression> ternaryOps(Operations.VOP vop, VectorType.Vector
         FLOAT16_OPERATIONS
     );
 
+    /**
+     * Provides a list of Vector API operations. Iterates over all
+     * {@link CodeGenerationDataNameType#VECTOR_VECTOR_TYPES}, including
+     * {@code Float16Vector_*}, whose lanes are described by
+     * {@link ShortCarriesFloat16Type#SHORT_CARRIES_FLOAT16}.
+     */
     public static final List<Expression> VECTOR_OPERATIONS = generateVectorOperations();
 
+    /**
+     * Provides a list of all operations: every scalar operation and every
+     * Vector API operation.
+     */
     public static final List<Expression> ALL_OPERATIONS = Utils.concat(
         SCALAR_NUMERIC_OPERATIONS,
         VECTOR_OPERATIONS
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/PrimitiveType.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/PrimitiveType.java
index cd796fd0d31..31e0eecbac3 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/PrimitiveType.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/PrimitiveType.java
@@ -40,8 +40,19 @@
  * The {@link PrimitiveType} models Java's primitive types, and provides a set
  * of useful methods for code generation, such as the {@link #byteSize} and
  * {@link #boxedTypeName}.
+ *
+ * <p>{@link PrimitiveType} is a Java <em>scalar</em> type and additionally
+ * doubles as a {@link VectorElementType} for those Vector API lane types whose
+ * lane carrier is itself a Java primitive (e.g. {@code IntVector}'s lane
+ * carrier is {@code int}). For these primitive lane types
+ * {@link #carrierTypeName} coincides with {@link #name}.
+ *
+ * <p>Non-primitive lane types, such as the {@code Float16Vector} lane, are
+ * modeled by separate {@link VectorElementType} implementations (see
+ * {@link ShortCarriesFloat16Type}). They do <strong>not</strong> appear in any of
+ * the scalar {@code PRIMITIVE_TYPES}/{@code FLOATING_TYPES} lists.
  */
-public final class PrimitiveType implements CodeGenerationDataNameType {
+public final class PrimitiveType implements VectorElementType {
     private static final Random RANDOM = Utils.getRandomInstance();
     private static final RestrictableGenerator<Integer> GEN_BYTE = Generators.G.safeRestrict(Generators.G.ints(), Byte.MIN_VALUE, Byte.MAX_VALUE);
     private static final RestrictableGenerator<Integer> GEN_CHAR = Generators.G.safeRestrict(Generators.G.ints(), Character.MIN_VALUE, Character.MAX_VALUE);
@@ -107,6 +118,23 @@ public String name() {
         };
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public String carrierTypeName() {
+        return name();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String vectorElementClass() {
+        // For primitive lanes the code-usable name and the lane element class
+        // token coincide (e.g. "int" -> int.class). boolean/char are not real
+        // Vector API lane element types, so we fail fast during code generation
+        // rather than emitting code that would only break at compile/runtime.
+        if (kind == Kind.BOOLEAN || kind == Kind.CHAR) {
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException(name() + " is not a Vector API lane element type");
+        }
+        return name();
+    }
+
     @Override
     public String toString() {
         return name();
@@ -132,6 +160,7 @@ public Object con() {
      * @return Size of the type in bytes.
      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException for boolean which has no defined size.
      */
+    @Override
     public int byteSize() {
         return switch (kind) {
             case BYTE    -> 1;
@@ -147,6 +176,7 @@ public int byteSize() {
      *
      * @return the name of the boxed type.
      */
+    @Override
     public String boxedTypeName() {
         return switch (kind) {
             case BYTE    -> "Byte";
@@ -194,6 +224,7 @@ public String abbrev() {
      *
      * @return true iff the type is a floating point type.
      */
+    @Override
     public boolean isFloating() {
         return switch (kind) {
             case BYTE, SHORT, CHAR, INT, LONG, BOOLEAN -> false;
@@ -213,6 +244,7 @@ public boolean isFloating() {
      * @return the token representing the method call to obtain a
      *         random value for the given type at runtime.
      */
+    @Override
     public Object callLibraryRNG() {
         return switch (kind) {
             case BYTE    -> "LibraryRNG.nextByte()";
@@ -231,6 +263,12 @@ public Object callLibraryRNG() {
      * random number generators available, wrapping {@link Generators}. This
      * is supposed to be used in tandem with {@link #callLibraryRNG}.
      *
+     * <p>In addition to the Java primitive generators, this also emits
+     * helpers for {@code Float16Vector}'s {@code short} carrier
+     * ({@code nextFloat16()} / {@code fill_float16(short[])}) so that
+     * {@link ShortCarriesFloat16Type#callLibraryRNG()} can be used with vector
+     * fuzzers without depending on this class importing Float16Vector itself.
+     *
      * Note: you must ensure that all required imports are performed:
      *       {@code java.util.Random}
      *       {@code jdk.test.lib.Utils}
@@ -250,6 +288,7 @@ public static class LibraryRNG {
                 private static final RestrictableGenerator<Long> GEN_LONG = Generators.G.longs();
                 private static final Generator<Double> GEN_DOUBLE = Generators.G.doubles();
                 private static final Generator<Float> GEN_FLOAT = Generators.G.floats();
+                private static final Generator<Short> GEN_FLOAT16 = Generators.G.float16s();
 
                 public static byte nextByte() {
                     return GEN_BYTE.next().byteValue();
@@ -283,6 +322,17 @@ public static boolean nextBoolean() {
                     return RANDOM.nextBoolean();
                 }
 
+                // Float16Vector lane helpers. Float16 lanes are carried in short[].
+                public static short nextFloat16() {
+                    return GEN_FLOAT16.next();
+                }
+
+                public static void fill_float16(short[] a) {
+                    for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+                        a[i] = nextFloat16();
+                    }
+                }
+
             """,
             CodeGenerationDataNameType.PRIMITIVE_TYPES.stream().map(type -> scope(
                 let("type", type),
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/ShortCarriesFloat16Type.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/ShortCarriesFloat16Type.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..33c5535b99b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/ShortCarriesFloat16Type.java
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.lib.template_framework.library;
+
+import compiler.lib.generators.Generators;
+import compiler.lib.generators.Generator;
+
+import compiler.lib.template_framework.DataName;
+
+/**
+ * The {@link ShortCarriesFloat16Type} is the {@link VectorElementType} that describes
+ * the lane type of a {@code Float16Vector}. Its name makes the semantics
+ * explicit: a {@code Float16} value carried in a {@code short}.
+ *
+ * <p>Float16 is <strong>not</strong> a Java primitive type and therefore does
+ * not appear in any of the scalar {@link PrimitiveType} lists. As a
+ * {@link VectorElementType} it appears in vector-lane-typed lists such as
+ * {@link CodeGenerationDataNameType#VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES} and
+ * {@link CodeGenerationDataNameType#FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES}, which are
+ * consumed by vector-only generators (e.g. {@code Operations.VECTOR_OPERATIONS}).
+ *
+ * <p>The carrier type for a {@code Float16Vector} lane is {@code short}, so
+ * {@link #name()} (the code-usable type, per the {@code name()} contract)
+ * returns {@code "short"}. The logical lane element type token used in
+ * {@code VectorOperators.Conversion.of*} expressions and
+ * {@code Float16Vector.SPECIES_*} is {@code Float16}, returned by
+ * {@link #vectorElementClass()}.
+ *
+ * <p>NaN handling note: there are multiple bit representations for NaN within
+ * {@code short}/{@code Float16}. Consumers comparing {@code short[]} carrier
+ * arrays should canonicalize via {@code Float.float16ToFloat} (which returns a
+ * canonical NaN) before structural comparison.
+ */
+public final class ShortCarriesFloat16Type implements VectorElementType {
+    private static final Generator<Short> GEN_FLOAT16 = Generators.G.float16s();
+
+    /** The singleton instance. */
+    public static final ShortCarriesFloat16Type SHORT_CARRIES_FLOAT16 = new ShortCarriesFloat16Type();
+
+    private ShortCarriesFloat16Type() {}
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean isSubtypeOf(DataName.Type other) {
+        return other instanceof ShortCarriesFloat16Type;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String name() {
+        return "short";
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String carrierTypeName() {
+        return "short";
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String vectorElementClass() {
+        return "Float16";
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String boxedTypeName() {
+        return "Float16";
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int byteSize() {
+        return 2;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean isFloating() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return name();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Object con() {
+        return "(short)" + GEN_FLOAT16.next();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Object callLibraryRNG() {
+        return "LibraryRNG.nextFloat16()";
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/VectorElementType.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/VectorElementType.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..657dc80fd5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/VectorElementType.java
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.lib.template_framework.library;
+
+/**
+ * A {@link VectorElementType} describes a single lane-element of a Vector API
+ * vector ({@link VectorType.Vector}). It abstracts over:
+ * <ul>
+ *   <li>{@link PrimitiveType} - the standard Java primitive lane types
+ *       (byte, short, int, long, float, double). For these {@link #name()} is
+ *       the primitive keyword
+ *       (e.g. {@code "int"}) and {@link #vectorElementClass()} is the same
+ *       token, so {@code vectorElementClass() + ".class"} yields the primitive
+ *       {@code Class<?>} literal ({@code int.class}).</li>
+ *   <li>{@link ShortCarriesFloat16Type} - the {@code Float16Vector} lane type. Float16
+ *       has no Java primitive keyword; its lanes are stored in a {@code short[]}
+ *       carrier, so {@link #name()} returns the code-usable carrier keyword
+ *       {@code "short"} (consistent with {@link #toString()}), while
+ *       {@link #vectorElementClass()} returns {@code "Float16"} so that
+ *       {@code vectorElementClass() + ".class"} ({@code Float16.class}) is the
+ *       token expected by
+ *       {@code VectorOperators.Conversion.ofCast}/{@code ofReinterpret}.</li>
+ * </ul>
+ *
+ * <p>This interface lives <strong>outside</strong> the scalar
+ * {@link PrimitiveType} type lists (e.g. {@code PRIMITIVE_TYPES},
+ * {@code FLOATING_TYPES}). Those lists model Java scalar types and are consumed
+ * by scalar fuzzers. Vector-lane lists (e.g. {@code VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES},
+ * {@code FLOATING_VECTOR_ELEMENT_TYPES}) are typed as {@code List<VectorElementType>}
+ * and may include {@link ShortCarriesFloat16Type#SHORT_CARRIES_FLOAT16}.
+ */
+public interface VectorElementType extends CodeGenerationDataNameType {
+
+    /**
+     * The string whose {@code + ".class"} form is the lane element
+     * {@code Class<?>} literal expected by the Vector API conversion factories
+     * ({@code VectorOperators.Conversion.ofCast}/{@code ofReinterpret}) and by
+     * {@code Float16Vector.SPECIES_*}/{@code IntVector.SPECIES_*} lookups.
+     *
+     * <p>Unlike {@link #name()} (which must always be a Java type usable
+     * directly in code, e.g. for variable declarations and casts), this token
+     * is the <em>logical</em> lane element type. For Java primitive lanes the
+     * two coincide ({@code "int"} -&gt; {@code int.class}); for {@code Float16}
+     * lanes {@link #name()} is the carrier {@code "short"} while this returns
+     * {@code "Float16"} ({@code Float16.class}).
+     *
+     * @return The logical lane element type token (e.g. {@code "int"},
+     *         {@code "float"}, {@code "Float16"}).
+     */
+    String vectorElementClass();
+
+    /**
+     * @return The element type of the Java carrier array used to hold these
+     *         lanes when calling {@code fromArray}/{@code intoArray}. For most
+     *         lane types this is the same as {@link #name()}; for
+     *         {@code Float16} it is {@code "short"}.
+     */
+    String carrierTypeName();
+
+    /**
+     * @return The boxed type name used to parameterize generic types such as
+     *         {@code VectorMask<T>} and {@code VectorShuffle<T>}
+     *         (e.g. {@code "Integer"}, {@code "Float16"}).
+     */
+    String boxedTypeName();
+
+    /**
+     * @return Size of the lane type in bytes.
+     */
+    int byteSize();
+
+    /**
+     * @return {@code true} iff the lane type is a floating point type.
+     */
+    boolean isFloating();
+
+    /**
+     * @return A token representing a call to the corresponding pseudo random
+     *         number generator from {@link PrimitiveType#generateLibraryRNG()}.
+     */
+    Object callLibraryRNG();
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/VectorType.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/VectorType.java
index 7eabd42a723..df1365a3566 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/VectorType.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/library/VectorType.java
@@ -39,6 +39,11 @@
 
 /**
  * The {@link VectorType} models the Vector API types.
+ *
+ * <p>A {@code VectorType.Vector} is parameterized by a {@link VectorElementType}
+ * (its lane element type) and a lane count. The lane element type may be a
+ * Java primitive lane ({@link PrimitiveType}) or {@link ShortCarriesFloat16Type} for
+ * {@code Float16Vector}.
  */
 public abstract class VectorType implements CodeGenerationDataNameType {
     private static final Random RANDOM = Utils.getRandomInstance();
@@ -73,6 +78,11 @@ public abstract class VectorType implements CodeGenerationDataNameType {
     public static final VectorType.Vector DOUBLE_256 = new VectorType.Vector(DOUBLES, 4);
     public static final VectorType.Vector DOUBLE_512 = new VectorType.Vector(DOUBLES, 8);
 
+    public static final VectorType.Vector FLOAT16_64  = new VectorType.Vector(ShortCarriesFloat16Type.SHORT_CARRIES_FLOAT16, 4);
+    public static final VectorType.Vector FLOAT16_128 = new VectorType.Vector(ShortCarriesFloat16Type.SHORT_CARRIES_FLOAT16, 8);
+    public static final VectorType.Vector FLOAT16_256 = new VectorType.Vector(ShortCarriesFloat16Type.SHORT_CARRIES_FLOAT16, 16);
+    public static final VectorType.Vector FLOAT16_512 = new VectorType.Vector(ShortCarriesFloat16Type.SHORT_CARRIES_FLOAT16, 32);
+
     private final String vectorTypeName;
 
     private VectorType(String vectorTypeName) {
@@ -95,8 +105,8 @@ public boolean isSubtypeOf(DataName.Type other) {
         return this == other;
     }
 
-    private static final String vectorTypeName(PrimitiveType elementType) {
-        return switch(elementType.name()) {
+    private static final String vectorTypeName(VectorElementType elementType) {
+        return switch(elementType.vectorElementClass()) {
             case "byte"   -> "ByteVector";
             case "short"  -> "ShortVector";
             case "char"   -> throw new UnsupportedOperationException("VectorAPI has no char vector type");
@@ -104,19 +114,20 @@ private static final String vectorTypeName(PrimitiveType elementType) {
             case "long"   -> "LongVector";
             case "float"  -> "FloatVector";
             case "double" -> "DoubleVector";
-            default       -> throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not supported: " + elementType.name());
+            case "Float16" -> "Float16Vector";
+            default       -> throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not supported: " + elementType.vectorElementClass());
         };
     }
 
     public static final class Vector extends VectorType {
-        public final PrimitiveType elementType;
+        public final VectorElementType elementType;
         public final int length; // lane count
         public final String speciesName;
 
         public final Mask maskType;
         public final Shuffle shuffleType;
 
-        private Vector(PrimitiveType elementType, int length) {
+        private Vector(VectorElementType elementType, int length) {
             super(vectorTypeName(elementType));
             this.elementType = elementType;
             this.length = length;
@@ -132,7 +143,7 @@ public final Object con() {
                 return List.of(name(), ".zero(", speciesName, ")");
             } else if (r <= 8) {
                 return List.of(
-                    name(), ".fromArray(", speciesName, ", new ", elementType.name(), "[] {",
+                    name(), ".fromArray(", speciesName, ", new ", elementType.carrierTypeName(), "[] {",
                     elementType.con(),
                     Stream.generate(() ->
                         List.of(", ", elementType.con())
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/verify/Verify.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/verify/Verify.java
index c79ad2c55a0..32463bf3454 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/verify/Verify.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/verify/Verify.java
@@ -52,6 +52,11 @@
  * This applies to the boxed floating types, as well as arrays of floating arrays. With
  * {@link Verify#checkEQWithRawBits} we compare the raw bits, and so different NaN encodings are not equal.
  * Note: {@link MemorySegment} data is always compared with raw bits.
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * The same NaN handling applies to {@code Float16}: both the scalar {@code Float16} box and the
+ * {@code Float16Vector} lanes (whose {@code short} carrier bits encode Float16 values) are compared
+ * with the selected NaN mode rather than as raw {@code short}s.
  */
 public final class Verify {
     private final boolean isFloatCheckWithRawBits;
@@ -455,9 +460,58 @@ private void checkEQForVectorAPIClass(Object a, Object b, String field, Object a
         } catch (NoSuchMethodException | IllegalAccessException | InvocationTargetException e) {
             throw new RuntimeException("Could not invoke toArray on " + ca.getName(), e);
         }
+        // A Float16Vector carries its lanes in a short[], but those short bits encode Float16
+        // values rather than plain shorts. Comparing them as a raw short[] would treat distinct
+        // NaN encodings as unequal, even in the non-raw mode. Compare them with Float16 NaN
+        // semantics instead.
+        if (va instanceof short[] sa && vb instanceof short[] sb && isFloat16VectorClass(ca)) {
+            checkEQForFloat16Carrier(sa, sb, field + ".toArray", aParent, bParent);
+            return;
+        }
         checkEQdispatch(va, vb, field + ".toArray", aParent, bParent);
     }
 
+    private static boolean isFloat16VectorClass(Class<?> c) {
+        // The concrete classes (Float16Vector64/128/256/512/Max) all extend Float16Vector.
+        for (Class<?> k = c; k != null; k = k.getSuperclass()) {
+            if (k.getName().equals("jdk.incubator.vector.Float16Vector")) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Compare the {@code short[]} carriers of two {@code Float16Vector}s. The short bits encode
+     * Float16 values, so in the non-raw mode we canonicalize NaN by widening each lane to float
+     * via {@link Float#float16ToFloat}, and then reuse the float canonicalization. In the raw mode we
+     * compare the carrier bits directly, so distinct NaN encodings are not equal. See {@link #isFloatEQ}.
+     */
+    private void checkEQForFloat16Carrier(short[] a, short[] b, String field, Object aParent, Object bParent) {
+        if (a.length != b.length) {
+            System.err.println("ERROR: Equality matching failed: length mismatch: " + a.length + " vs " + b.length);
+            print(a, b, field, aParent, bParent);
+            throw new VerifyException("Float16 array length mismatch.");
+        }
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+            if (!isFloat16EQ(a[i], b[i])) {
+                System.err.println("ERROR: Equality matching failed: value mismatch at " + i + ": " + a[i] + " vs " + b[i] + ". check raw: " + isFloatCheckWithRawBits);
+                print(a, b, field, aParent, bParent);
+                throw new VerifyException("Float16 array value mismatch " + a[i] + " vs " + b[i]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * For Float16 we widen each lane to float, which is exact and lossless and maps every NaN encoding
+     * to the canonical float NaN, and then reuse the float canonicalization.
+     */
+    private boolean isFloat16EQ(short a, short b) {
+        return isFloatCheckWithRawBits ? a == b
+                                       : Float.floatToIntBits(Float.float16ToFloat(a)) == Float.floatToIntBits(Float.float16ToFloat(b));
+    }
+
     private static boolean isFloat16Class(Class<?> c) {
         return c.getName().equals("jdk.incubator.vector.Float16");
     }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorExpressionFuzzer.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorExpressionFuzzer.java
index cb5b95109f5..3413ece592f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorExpressionFuzzer.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorExpressionFuzzer.java
@@ -66,6 +66,8 @@
 import compiler.lib.template_framework.library.Operations;
 import compiler.lib.template_framework.library.TestFrameworkClass;
 import compiler.lib.template_framework.library.PrimitiveType;
+import compiler.lib.template_framework.library.ShortCarriesFloat16Type;
+import compiler.lib.template_framework.library.VectorElementType;
 import compiler.lib.template_framework.library.VectorType;
 
 /**
@@ -162,23 +164,39 @@ public static String generate(CompileFramework comp) {
         // - We check correctness with a reference method that does the same but runs in the interpreter.
         // - Input values are delivered via fields or array loads.
         // - The final vector is written into an array, and that array is returned.
-        var template2Body = Template.make("expression", "arguments", (Expression expression, List<Object> arguments) -> scope(
-            let("elementType", ((VectorType.Vector)expression.returnType).elementType),
-            """
-            try {
-            #elementType[] out = new #elementType[1000];
-            """,
-            expression.asToken(arguments), ".intoArray(out, 0);\n",
-            "return out;\n",
-            expression.info.exceptions.stream().map(exception ->
-                "} catch (" + exception + " e) { return e;\n"
-            ).toList(),
-            """
-            } finally {
-                // Just javac is happy if there are no exceptions to catch.
-            }
-            """
-        ));
+        //
+        // NaN canonicalization (Float16Vector only): the {@code short} carrier of Float16Vector lanes
+        // distinguishes multiple NaN bit patterns, so a structural comparison between two distinct NaN
+        // bit patterns would spuriously fail. We widen the {@code short[]} carrier to {@code float[]}
+        // via {@link Float#float16ToFloat}, which returns a canonical NaN for any NaN input.
+        var template2Body = Template.make("expression", "arguments", (Expression expression, List<Object> arguments) -> {
+            VectorType.Vector retType = (VectorType.Vector) expression.returnType;
+            boolean float16Result = retType.elementType instanceof ShortCarriesFloat16Type;
+            return scope(
+                let("carrierType", retType.elementType.carrierTypeName()),
+                """
+                try {
+                #carrierType[] out = new #carrierType[1000];
+                """,
+                expression.asToken(arguments), ".intoArray(out, 0);\n",
+                float16Result
+                    ? """
+                      // Float16Vector NaN canonicalization: widen short carrier to float for compare.
+                      float[] outF = new float[out.length];
+                      for (int i = 0; i < out.length; i++) { outF[i] = Float.float16ToFloat(out[i]); }
+                      return outF;
+                      """
+                    : "return out;\n",
+                expression.info.exceptions.stream().map(exception ->
+                    "} catch (" + exception + " e) { return e;\n"
+                ).toList(),
+                """
+                } finally {
+                    // Just javac is happy if there are no exceptions to catch.
+                }
+                """
+            );
+        });
 
         var template2 = Template.make("type", (VectorType.Vector type) -> {
             // The depth determines roughly how many operations are going to be used in the expression.
@@ -210,24 +228,25 @@ public static String generate(CompileFramework comp) {
                         ));
                     }
                     default -> {
-                        if (argumentType instanceof PrimitiveType t) {
+                        if (argumentType instanceof VectorElementType vet) {
                             // We can use the LibraryRGN to create a new value for the primitive in each
                             // invocation. We have to make sure to call the LibraryRNG in the "defineAndFill",
                             // so we get the same value for both test and reference. If we called LibraryRNG
                             // for "use", we would get separate values, which is not helpful.
                             arguments.add(new TestArgument(
-                                List.of(t.name(), " ", name, " = ", t.callLibraryRNG(), ";\n"),
+                                List.of(vet.carrierTypeName(), " ", name, " = ", vet.callLibraryRNG(), ";\n"),
                                 name,
-                                List.of(t.name(), " ", name),
+                                List.of(vet.carrierTypeName(), " ", name),
                                 name
                             ));
                         } else if (argumentType instanceof VectorType.Vector t) {
-                            PrimitiveType et = t.elementType;
+                            VectorElementType et = t.elementType;
+                            String fillMethod = (et instanceof ShortCarriesFloat16Type) ? "fill_float16" : "fill";
                             arguments.add(new TestArgument(
-                                List.of(et.name(), "[] ", name, " = new ", et.name(), "[1000];\n",
-                                        "LibraryRNG.fill(", name,");\n"),
+                                List.of(et.carrierTypeName(), "[] ", name, " = new ", et.carrierTypeName(), "[1000];\n",
+                                        "LibraryRNG.", fillMethod, "(", name,");\n"),
                                 name,
-                                List.of(et.name(), "[] ", name),
+                                List.of(et.carrierTypeName(), "[] ", name),
                                 List.of(t.name(), ".fromArray(", t.speciesName, ", ", name, ", 0)")
                             ));
                         } else if (argumentType instanceof VectorType.Mask t) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/verify/tests/TestVerifyFloat16.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/verify/tests/TestVerifyFloat16.java
index 8d1d763a250..7fc3bc11dee 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/verify/tests/TestVerifyFloat16.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/verify/tests/TestVerifyFloat16.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -33,10 +33,12 @@
 package verify.tests;
 
 import java.lang.foreign.*;
+import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Random;
 import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
 
 import jdk.incubator.vector.Float16;
+import jdk.incubator.vector.Float16Vector;
 
 import compiler.lib.verify.*;
 
@@ -47,6 +49,8 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
         testArrayFloat16();
         testRawFloat16();
         testFloat16Random();
+        testFloat16VectorCarrier();
+        testFloat16VectorCarrierRandom();
     }
 
     public static void testArrayFloat16() {
@@ -113,6 +117,84 @@ public static void testFloat16Random() {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Exercises the {@code Float16Vector} short[]-carrier path in Verify
+     * (checkEQForFloat16Carrier). The short carrier bits encode Float16 values, so the
+     * non-raw mode must canonicalize NaN (distinct NaN encodings are equal) while the raw
+     * mode must compare the carrier bits directly (distinct NaN encodings are not equal).
+     */
+    public static void testFloat16VectorCarrier() {
+        var species = Float16Vector.SPECIES_128;
+        int len = species.length();
+
+        // Two different NaN encodings of Float16.
+        short nan1 = (short)0xFFFF;
+        short nan2 = (short)0x7FFF;
+
+        short[] aBits = new short[len];
+        short[] bBits = new short[len];
+        Arrays.fill(aBits, nan1);
+        Arrays.fill(bBits, nan2);
+        Float16Vector va = Float16Vector.fromArray(species, aBits, 0);
+        Float16Vector vb = Float16Vector.fromArray(species, bBits, 0);
+
+        // Same vector: equal in both modes.
+        Verify.checkEQ(va, va);
+        Verify.checkEQWithRawBits(va, va);
+
+        // Distinct NaN encodings: equal in non-raw mode (canonicalized) ...
+        Verify.checkEQ(va, vb);
+        // ... but not equal in raw mode.
+        checkNEWithRawBits(va, vb);
+
+        // A real value mismatch must fail in both modes.
+        short[] oneBits = new short[len];
+        short[] twoBits = new short[len];
+        Arrays.fill(oneBits, Float16.float16ToShortBits(Float16.valueOf(1f)));
+        Arrays.fill(twoBits, Float16.float16ToShortBits(Float16.valueOf(2f)));
+        Float16Vector vOne = Float16Vector.fromArray(species, oneBits, 0);
+        Float16Vector vTwo = Float16Vector.fromArray(species, twoBits, 0);
+        Verify.checkEQ(vOne, vOne);
+        Verify.checkEQWithRawBits(vOne, vOne);
+        checkNE(vOne, vTwo);
+        checkNEWithRawBits(vOne, vTwo);
+
+        // NaN vs a real number: not equal in either mode.
+        checkNE(va, vOne);
+        checkNEWithRawBits(va, vOne);
+    }
+
+    public static void testFloat16VectorCarrierRandom() {
+        var species = Float16Vector.SPECIES_128;
+        int len = species.length();
+        // Testing all 2^16 * 2^16 = 2^32 would take a bit long, so we randomly sample instead.
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; i++) {
+            short bitsA = (short)RANDOM.nextInt();
+            short bitsB = (short)RANDOM.nextInt();
+            short[] aBits = new short[len];
+            short[] bBits = new short[len];
+            Arrays.fill(aBits, bitsA);
+            Arrays.fill(bBits, bitsB);
+            Float16Vector va = Float16Vector.fromArray(species, aBits, 0);
+            Float16Vector vb = Float16Vector.fromArray(species, bBits, 0);
+
+            // Raw mode: equal iff identical carrier bits.
+            if (bitsA == bitsB) {
+                Verify.checkEQWithRawBits(va, vb);
+            } else {
+                checkNEWithRawBits(va, vb);
+            }
+
+            // Non-raw mode: equal iff the canonicalized Float16 values match.
+            if (Float.floatToIntBits(Float.float16ToFloat(bitsA)) ==
+                Float.floatToIntBits(Float.float16ToFloat(bitsB))) {
+                Verify.checkEQ(va, vb);
+            } else {
+                checkNE(va, vb);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     public static void checkNE(Object a, Object b) {
          try {
             Verify.checkEQ(a, b);

From 5926bbfa0a479a84ccfaad8f4f11ee081fe9adaf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Patrick Fontanilla <pfontanilla@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 7 Jul 2026 20:23:42 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 173/707] 8386512: Shenandoah: Add a diagnostic option to
 facilitate testing pinned regions

Reviewed-by: kdnilsen, wkemper
---
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp  | 18 ++++++++++
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahDegeneratedGC.cpp |  1 +
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFullGC.cpp  |  1 +
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp    | 36 ++++++++++++++++++-
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.hpp    | 13 +++++++
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGC.cpp   |  1 +
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoah_globals.hpp      |  6 ++++
 .../jtreg/gc/TestAllocHumongousFragment.java  | 10 ++++++
 .../gc/shenandoah/TestAllocIntArrays.java     | 10 ++++++
 .../gc/shenandoah/TestAllocObjectArrays.java  | 16 +++++++++
 .../jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestAllocObjects.java | 10 ++++++
 .../jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestJcmdHeapDump.java |  5 +++
 .../jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestLotsOfCycles.java |  6 ++++
 .../gc/shenandoah/TestRetainObjects.java      | 10 ++++++
 .../jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestSieveObjects.java | 10 ++++++
 .../gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithShenandoah.java  | 11 ++++++
 .../stress/gcold/TestGCOldWithShenandoah.java |  5 +++
 17 files changed, 168 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp
index 28f04de2f86..18f8f5a4142 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp
@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_concurrent_update_refs_prepare(ShenandoahHeap
   ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_update_refs_prepare);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
+  heap->try_inject_pin();
   // Evacuation is complete, retire gc labs and change gc state
   heap->concurrent_prepare_for_update_refs();
 }
@@ -125,6 +126,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_update_card_table() {
                               ShenandoahWorkerPolicy::calc_workers_for_conc_evac(),
                               "concurrent update cards");
 
+  heap->try_inject_pin();
   // Heap needs to be parsable here.
   // Also, parallel heap region iterate must have a phase set.
   assert(ShenandoahTimingsTracker::is_current_phase_valid(), "Current phase must be set");
@@ -301,6 +303,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_complete_abbreviated_cycle() {
                               ShenandoahWorkerPolicy::calc_workers_for_conc_evac(),
                               msg);
 
+  heap->try_inject_pin();
   // We chose not to evacuate because we found sufficient immediate garbage.
   // However, there may still be regions to promote in place, so do that now.
   if (heap->old_generation()->has_in_place_promotions()) {
@@ -335,6 +338,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::vmop_entry_final_mark() {
   heap->try_inject_alloc_failure();
   VM_ShenandoahFinalMarkStartEvac op(this);
   VMThread::execute(&op); // jump to entry_final_mark under safepoint
+  heap->try_inject_pin();
 }
 
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::vmop_entry_init_update_refs() {
@@ -343,6 +347,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::vmop_entry_init_update_refs() {
   ShenandoahTimingsTracker timing(ShenandoahPhaseTimings::init_update_refs_gross);
 
   heap->try_inject_alloc_failure();
+  heap->try_inject_pin();
   VM_ShenandoahInitUpdateRefs op(this);
   VMThread::execute(&op);
 }
@@ -353,6 +358,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::vmop_entry_final_update_refs() {
   ShenandoahTimingsTracker timing(ShenandoahPhaseTimings::final_update_refs_gross);
 
   heap->try_inject_alloc_failure();
+  heap->try_inject_pin();
   VM_ShenandoahFinalUpdateRefs op(this);
   VMThread::execute(&op);
 }
@@ -364,6 +370,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::vmop_entry_final_verify() {
 
   // This phase does not use workers, no need for setup
   heap->try_inject_alloc_failure();
+  heap->try_inject_pin();
   VM_ShenandoahFinalVerify op(this);
   VMThread::execute(&op);
 }
@@ -423,6 +430,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_final_verify() {
 
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_reset() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
+  heap->release_injected_pins();
   heap->try_inject_alloc_failure();
 
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
@@ -483,6 +491,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_mark() {
 
   heap->try_inject_alloc_failure();
   op_mark();
+  heap->try_inject_pin();
 }
 
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_thread_roots() {
@@ -496,6 +505,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_thread_roots() {
                               msg);
 
   heap->try_inject_alloc_failure();
+  heap->try_inject_pin();
   op_thread_roots();
 }
 
@@ -510,6 +520,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_weak_refs() {
                               "concurrent weak references");
 
   heap->try_inject_alloc_failure();
+  heap->try_inject_pin();
   op_weak_refs();
 }
 
@@ -525,6 +536,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_weak_roots() {
                               "concurrent weak root");
 
   heap->try_inject_alloc_failure();
+  heap->try_inject_pin();
   op_weak_roots();
 }
 
@@ -540,6 +552,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_class_unloading() {
                               "concurrent class unloading");
 
   heap->try_inject_alloc_failure();
+  heap->try_inject_pin();
   op_class_unloading();
 }
 
@@ -557,6 +570,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_strong_roots() {
                               "concurrent strong root");
 
   heap->try_inject_alloc_failure();
+  heap->try_inject_pin();
   op_strong_roots();
 }
 
@@ -569,6 +583,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_cleanup_early() {
 
   // This phase does not use workers, no need for setup
   heap->try_inject_alloc_failure();
+  heap->try_inject_pin();
   op_cleanup_early();
   if (!heap->is_evacuation_in_progress()) {
     // This is an abbreviated cycle.  Rebuild the freeset in order to establish reserves for the next GC cycle.  Doing
@@ -591,6 +606,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_evacuate() {
                               "concurrent evacuation");
 
   heap->try_inject_alloc_failure();
+  heap->try_inject_pin();
   op_evacuate();
 }
 
@@ -604,6 +620,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_update_thread_roots() {
 
   // No workers used in this phase, no setup required
   heap->try_inject_alloc_failure();
+  heap->try_inject_pin();
   op_update_thread_roots();
 }
 
@@ -619,6 +636,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_update_refs() {
                               "concurrent reference update");
 
   heap->try_inject_alloc_failure();
+  heap->try_inject_pin();
   op_update_refs();
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahDegeneratedGC.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahDegeneratedGC.cpp
index cfa56c3ec20..3c3cdc4a90a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahDegeneratedGC.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahDegeneratedGC.cpp
@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ void ShenandoahDegenGC::entry_degenerated() {
 
 void ShenandoahDegenGC::op_degenerated() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
+  heap->release_injected_pins();
   // Degenerated GC is STW, but it can also fail. Current mechanics communicates
   // GC failure via cancelled_concgc() flag. So, if we detect the failure after
   // some phase, we have to upgrade the Degenerate GC to Full GC.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFullGC.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFullGC.cpp
index cd04db383ed..cab0db7e78a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFullGC.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFullGC.cpp
@@ -136,6 +136,7 @@ void ShenandoahFullGC::op_full(GCCause::Cause cause) {
 
 void ShenandoahFullGC::do_it(GCCause::Cause gc_cause) {
   ShenandoahHeap* heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
+  heap->release_injected_pins();
 
   // A full GC may be entered directly, or as an upgrade from a failed
   // degenerated GC. In the latter case, self-forwarded objects may be
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp
index ae0c873fa58..7731ad911c5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp
@@ -595,7 +595,8 @@ ShenandoahHeap::ShenandoahHeap(ShenandoahCollectorPolicy* policy) :
   _aux_bitmap_region_special(false),
   _liveness_cache(nullptr),
   _collection_set(nullptr),
-  _evac_tracker(new ShenandoahEvacuationTracker())
+  _evac_tracker(new ShenandoahEvacuationTracker()),
+  _injected_pin_count(0)
 {
   // Initialize GC mode early, many subsequent initialization procedures depend on it
   initialize_mode();
@@ -2752,6 +2753,39 @@ bool ShenandoahHeap::should_inject_alloc_failure() {
   return _inject_alloc_failure.is_set() && _inject_alloc_failure.try_unset();
 }
 
+void ShenandoahHeap::try_inject_pin() {
+  assert(!ShenandoahSafepoint::is_at_shenandoah_safepoint(), "try_inject_pin() must be called outside a safepoint.");
+  assert(active_generation() != nullptr, "Active generation must be set before we inject pins.");
+  assert(is_concurrent_mark_in_progress() || active_generation()->is_mark_complete(),
+         "try_inject_pin() requires marking is in progress or has completed.");
+  if (ShenandoahPinRegionRate && !cancelled_gc() && ((uintx)(os::random() % 1000) < ShenandoahPinRegionRate) &&
+      _injected_pin_count < MAX_INJECTED_PINS) {
+    const size_t idx = os::random() % num_regions();
+    ShenandoahHeapRegion* r = get_region(idx);
+    if ((r->is_regular() || r->is_humongous_start()) && r->has_live()) {
+      r->record_pin();
+      _injected_pin_indices[_injected_pin_count] = idx;
+      _injected_pin_count++;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void ShenandoahHeap::release_injected_pins() {
+  if (_injected_pin_count == 0) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  assert(_injected_pin_count <= MAX_INJECTED_PINS,
+         "Injected pin count: %u exceeds max: %u.", _injected_pin_count, MAX_INJECTED_PINS);
+  for (uint i = 0; i < _injected_pin_count; i++) {
+    const size_t idx = _injected_pin_indices[i];
+    ShenandoahHeapRegion* r = get_region(idx);
+    assert(r->pin_count() > 0, "Region %zu in tracker must contain a pin.", idx);
+    r->record_unpin();
+  }
+  _injected_pin_count = 0;
+}
+
 void ShenandoahHeap::initialize_serviceability() {
   _memory_pool = new ShenandoahMemoryPool(this);
   _cycle_memory_manager.add_pool(_memory_pool);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.hpp
index 9810b316c21..171f473d06a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.hpp
@@ -868,6 +868,19 @@ class ShenandoahHeap : public CollectedHeap {
 
   void try_inject_alloc_failure();
   bool should_inject_alloc_failure();
+
+  // Randomly pin a region when ShenandoahPinRegionRate > 0. Pin injection is only called after
+  // the cycle has populated _live_data and runs concurrently on the control thread. Releasing
+  // injected pins is done at the start of every cycle preventing stale pinned region states.
+  void try_inject_pin();
+  void release_injected_pins();
+
+  // Maximum number of regions that can be injected with pins.
+  static const uint MAX_INJECTED_PINS = 32;
+
+  // Tracker for injected pins added by try_inject_pin().
+  size_t _injected_pin_indices[MAX_INJECTED_PINS];
+  uint   _injected_pin_count;
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHHEAP_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGC.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGC.cpp
index df41069d922..c98b96c689b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGC.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGC.cpp
@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ bool ShenandoahOldGC::collect(GCCause::Cause cause) {
   auto heap = ShenandoahGenerationalHeap::heap();
   assert(!_old_generation->is_doing_mixed_evacuations(), "Should not start an old gc with pending mixed evacuations");
   assert(!_old_generation->is_preparing_for_mark(), "Old regions need to be parsable during concurrent mark.");
+  heap->release_injected_pins();
 
   // Enable preemption of old generation mark.
   _allow_preemption.set();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoah_globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoah_globals.hpp
index 3647a818490..793b2f3b6d1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoah_globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoah_globals.hpp
@@ -461,6 +461,12 @@
   product(bool, ShenandoahAllocFailureALot, false, DIAGNOSTIC,              \
           "Testing: make lots of artificial allocation failures.")          \
                                                                             \
+  product(uintx, ShenandoahPinRegionRate, 0, DIAGNOSTIC,                    \
+          "Testing: rate at which to artificially pin regions. Expressed "  \
+          "as N in 1000 chances for a region to be randomly pinned per "    \
+          "injection attempt.")                                             \
+          range(0, 1000)                                                    \
+                                                                            \
   product(uintx, ShenandoahCoalesceChance, 0, DIAGNOSTIC,                   \
           "Testing: Abandon remaining mixed collections with this "         \
           "likelihood. Following each mixed collection, abandon all "       \
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestAllocHumongousFragment.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestAllocHumongousFragment.java
index 446cf3c27bb..bcd6e33c81e 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestAllocHumongousFragment.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestAllocHumongousFragment.java
@@ -71,6 +71,11 @@
  *
  * @run main/othervm -Xmx1g -Xms1g -Xlog:gc -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:ShenandoahTargetNumRegions=2048
  *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahPinRegionRate=1000 -XX:+ShenandoahVerify
+ *      TestAllocHumongousFragment
+ *
+ * @run main/othervm -Xmx1g -Xms1g -Xlog:gc -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:ShenandoahTargetNumRegions=2048
+ *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
  *      -XX:+ShenandoahOOMDuringEvacALot
  *      TestAllocHumongousFragment
  *
@@ -78,6 +83,11 @@
  *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
  *      -XX:+ShenandoahAllocFailureALot
  *      TestAllocHumongousFragment
+ *
+ * @run main/othervm -Xmx1g -Xms1g -Xlog:gc -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:ShenandoahTargetNumRegions=2048
+ *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahPinRegionRate=1000
+ *      TestAllocHumongousFragment
  */
 
 /*
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestAllocIntArrays.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestAllocIntArrays.java
index 457af294f6f..8488b8f4a8d 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestAllocIntArrays.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestAllocIntArrays.java
@@ -70,6 +70,11 @@
  *
  * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -Xmx1g -Xms1g
  *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahPinRegionRate=1000 -XX:+ShenandoahVerify
+ *      TestAllocIntArrays
+ *
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -Xmx1g -Xms1g
+ *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
  *      -XX:+ShenandoahOOMDuringEvacALot
  *      TestAllocIntArrays
  *
@@ -80,6 +85,11 @@
  *
  * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -Xmx1g -Xms1g
  *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahPinRegionRate=1000
+ *      TestAllocIntArrays
+ *
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -Xmx1g -Xms1g
+ *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
  *      TestAllocIntArrays
  */
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestAllocObjectArrays.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestAllocObjectArrays.java
index 1df8f7453f7..bc8c451450c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestAllocObjectArrays.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestAllocObjectArrays.java
@@ -70,6 +70,11 @@
  *
  * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -Xmx1g -Xms1g
  *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahPinRegionRate=1000 -XX:+ShenandoahVerify
+ *      TestAllocObjectArrays
+ *
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -Xmx1g -Xms1g
+ *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
  *      -XX:+ShenandoahOOMDuringEvacALot
  *      TestAllocObjectArrays
  *
@@ -80,6 +85,11 @@
  *
  * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -Xmx1g -Xms1g
  *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahPinRegionRate=1000
+ *      TestAllocObjectArrays
+ *
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -Xmx1g -Xms1g
+ *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
  *      TestAllocObjectArrays
  */
 
@@ -126,6 +136,12 @@
  *
  * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -Xmx1g -Xms1g
  *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=adaptive -XX:ShenandoahGCMode=generational
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahPinRegionRate=1000
+ *      -XX:+ShenandoahVerify
+ *      TestAllocObjectArrays
+ *
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -Xmx1g -Xms1g
+ *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=adaptive -XX:ShenandoahGCMode=generational
  *      TestAllocObjectArrays
  */
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestAllocObjects.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestAllocObjects.java
index fa6f3ab9b04..a1d06945b79 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestAllocObjects.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestAllocObjects.java
@@ -64,6 +64,11 @@
  *      -XX:+ShenandoahAllocFailureALot -XX:+ShenandoahVerify
  *      TestAllocObjects
  *
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=480 -Xmx1g -Xms1g -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahPinRegionRate=1000 -XX:+ShenandoahVerify
+ *      TestAllocObjects
+ *
  * @run main/othervm -Xmx1g -Xms1g -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
  *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
  *      -XX:+ShenandoahOOMDuringEvacALot
@@ -76,6 +81,11 @@
  *
  * @run main/othervm -Xmx1g -Xms1g -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
  *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahPinRegionRate=1000
+ *      TestAllocObjects
+ *
+ * @run main/othervm -Xmx1g -Xms1g -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
  *      TestAllocObjects
  */
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestJcmdHeapDump.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestJcmdHeapDump.java
index 1b607bf96ca..e790851e2e8 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestJcmdHeapDump.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestJcmdHeapDump.java
@@ -58,6 +58,11 @@
  *
  * @run main/othervm/timeout=480 -Xmx16m -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
  *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahPinRegionRate=1000
+ *      TestJcmdHeapDump
+ *
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=480 -Xmx16m -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
  *      TestJcmdHeapDump
  */
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestLotsOfCycles.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestLotsOfCycles.java
index 569406fa95c..fbf3cd5c34b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestLotsOfCycles.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestLotsOfCycles.java
@@ -58,6 +58,12 @@
  *
  * @run main/othervm/timeout=480 -Xmx16m -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
  *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahPinRegionRate=1000
+ *      -Dtarget=1000
+ *      TestLotsOfCycles
+ *
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=480 -Xmx16m -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
  *      -Dtarget=1000
  *      TestLotsOfCycles
  */
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestRetainObjects.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestRetainObjects.java
index d25c8dd0f5e..010bdb5e4f1 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestRetainObjects.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestRetainObjects.java
@@ -66,6 +66,11 @@
  *
  * @run main/othervm -Xmx1g -Xms1g -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
  *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahPinRegionRate=1000
+ *      TestRetainObjects
+ *
+ * @run main/othervm -Xmx1g -Xms1g -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
  *      TestRetainObjects
  */
 
@@ -106,6 +111,11 @@
  *
  * @run main/othervm -Xmx1g -Xms1g -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
  *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=adaptive -XX:ShenandoahGCMode=generational
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahPinRegionRate=1000 -XX:+ShenandoahVerify
+ *      TestRetainObjects
+ *
+ * @run main/othervm -Xmx1g -Xms1g -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=adaptive -XX:ShenandoahGCMode=generational
  *      TestRetainObjects
  */
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestSieveObjects.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestSieveObjects.java
index 79259168bf3..fa140d62a66 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestSieveObjects.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/TestSieveObjects.java
@@ -68,6 +68,11 @@
  *      -XX:+ShenandoahAllocFailureALot
  *      TestSieveObjects
  *
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=240 -Xmx1g -Xms1g -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahPinRegionRate=1000
+ *      TestSieveObjects
+ *
  * @run main/othervm -Xmx1g -Xms1g -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
  *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
  *      TestSieveObjects
@@ -108,6 +113,11 @@
  *      -XX:+ShenandoahAllocFailureALot -XX:+ShenandoahVerify
  *      TestSieveObjects
  *
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=480 -Xmx1g -Xms1g -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=adaptive -XX:ShenandoahGCMode=generational
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahPinRegionRate=1000 -XX:+ShenandoahVerify
+ *      TestSieveObjects
+ *
  * @run main/othervm -Xmx1g -Xms1g -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
  *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=adaptive -XX:ShenandoahGCMode=generational
  *      TestSieveObjects
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithShenandoah.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithShenandoah.java
index 3bf0e59dce3..532bf6c07de 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithShenandoah.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithShenandoah.java
@@ -66,6 +66,11 @@
  *
  * @run main/othervm/timeout=200 -Xlog:gc*=info -Xmx1g -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
  *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahPinRegionRate=1000
+ *      gc.stress.gcbasher.TestGCBasherWithShenandoah 120000
+ *
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=200 -Xlog:gc*=info -Xmx1g -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
  *      gc.stress.gcbasher.TestGCBasherWithShenandoah 120000
  */
 
@@ -144,6 +149,12 @@
  * @run main/othervm/timeout=200 -Xlog:gc*=info,nmethod+barrier=trace -Xmx1g -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
  *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
  *      -XX:+DeoptimizeNMethodBarriersALot -XX:-Inline
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahPinRegionRate=1000
+ *      gc.stress.gcbasher.TestGCBasherWithShenandoah 120000
+ *
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=200 -Xlog:gc*=info,nmethod+barrier=trace -Xmx1g -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
+ *      -XX:+DeoptimizeNMethodBarriersALot -XX:-Inline
  *      gc.stress.gcbasher.TestGCBasherWithShenandoah 120000
  */
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcold/TestGCOldWithShenandoah.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcold/TestGCOldWithShenandoah.java
index 5418bb12492..9b2eb530b2a 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcold/TestGCOldWithShenandoah.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcold/TestGCOldWithShenandoah.java
@@ -71,6 +71,11 @@
  *
  * @run main/othervm -Xmx384M -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
  *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahPinRegionRate=1000
+ *      gc.stress.gcold.TestGCOld 50 1 20 10 10000
+ *
+ * @run main/othervm -Xmx384M -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCHeuristics=aggressive
  *      gc.stress.gcold.TestGCOld 50 1 20 10 10000
  */
 

From ff32e76f4892c0b4c0fbe1efa1ebf7b94023870b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jan Lahoda <jlahoda@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 8 Jul 2026 05:44:30 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 174/707] 8387865: ThisEscapeAnalyzer crashes for erroneous
 source code

Reviewed-by: asotona, vromero
---
 .../tools/javac/comp/ThisEscapeAnalyzer.java  |  3 +-
 .../tools/javac/recovery/AttrRecovery.java    | 29 ++++++++++++++++++-
 2 files changed, 29 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/ThisEscapeAnalyzer.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/ThisEscapeAnalyzer.java
index 6fb1feed08d..e24b331dd63 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/ThisEscapeAnalyzer.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/ThisEscapeAnalyzer.java
@@ -873,11 +873,10 @@ public void visitLambda(JCLambda lambda) {
 
     @Override
     public void visitAssign(JCAssign tree) {
-        VarSymbol sym = (VarSymbol)TreeInfo.symbolFor(tree.lhs);
         scan(tree.lhs);
         refs.discardExprs(depth);
         scan(tree.rhs);
-        if (isParamOrVar(sym))
+        if (TreeInfo.symbolFor(tree.lhs) instanceof VarSymbol sym && isParamOrVar(sym))
             refs.replaceExprs(depth, ref -> new VarRef(sym, ref));
         else
             refs.discardExprs(depth);         // we don't track fields yet
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/recovery/AttrRecovery.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/recovery/AttrRecovery.java
index 64aaad2a184..fb852b5b3f2 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/recovery/AttrRecovery.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/recovery/AttrRecovery.java
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 8301580 8322159 8333107 8332230 8338678 8351260 8366196 8372336 8373094 8384229
+ * @bug 8301580 8322159 8333107 8332230 8338678 8351260 8366196 8372336 8373094 8384229 8387865
  * @summary Verify error recovery w.r.t. Attr
  * @library /tools/lib
  * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.api
@@ -860,6 +860,33 @@ class Test {
                 .writeAll();
     }
 
+    @Test //JDK-8387865
+    public void testThisEscapeUnknownField() throws Exception {
+        String code = """
+                      public class C {
+                          public C() {
+                              this.unknown = unknown;
+                          }
+                      }
+                      """;
+        List<String> actual = new JavacTask(tb)
+                .options("-XDrawDiagnostics", "-XDdev",
+                         "-XDshould-stop.at=WARN", "-Xlint:this-escape")
+                .sources(code)
+                .outdir(base)
+                .run(Expect.FAIL)
+                .writeAll()
+                .getOutputLines(OutputKind.DIRECT);
+
+        List<String> expected = List.of(
+                "C.java:3:13: compiler.err.cant.resolve: kindname.variable, unknown, , ",
+                "C.java:3:24: compiler.err.cant.resolve.location: kindname.variable, unknown, , , (compiler.misc.location: kindname.class, C, null)",
+                "2 errors"
+        );
+
+        assertEquals(expected, actual);
+    }
+
     @BeforeEach
     public void setUp(TestInfo info) throws IOException {
         base = Path.of(info.getTestMethod().orElseThrow().getName());

From 597053969e4055227d1931d4bce8e96930bd997f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 8 Jul 2026 06:01:28 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 175/707] 8387754: G1: Let Eden/SurvivorRegions use Atomic
 instead of volatile

Reviewed-by: aboldtch
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1EdenRegions.hpp     | 14 +++++++-------
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.cpp  | 12 +++++-------
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.hpp  |  5 +++--
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SurvivorRegions.cpp |  6 +++---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SurvivorRegions.hpp |  7 ++++---
 5 files changed, 22 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1EdenRegions.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1EdenRegions.hpp
index 7cb4f93519e..14a2eb65329 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1EdenRegions.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1EdenRegions.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,15 +27,15 @@
 
 #include "gc/g1/g1HeapRegion.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.hpp"
+#include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
 #include "runtime/globals.hpp"
 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
 
 class G1EdenRegions {
-private:
-  uint    _length;
+  uint _length;
   // Sum of used bytes from all retired eden regions.
   // I.e. updated when mutator regions are retired.
-  volatile size_t _used_bytes;
+  Atomic<size_t> _used_bytes;
   G1RegionsOnNodes  _regions_on_node;
 
 public:
@@ -49,17 +49,17 @@ class G1EdenRegions {
 
   void clear() {
     _length = 0;
-    _used_bytes = 0;
+    _used_bytes.store_relaxed(0);
     _regions_on_node.clear();
   }
 
   uint length() const { return _length; }
   uint regions_on_node(uint node_index) const { return _regions_on_node.count(node_index); }
 
-  size_t used_bytes() const { return _used_bytes; }
+  size_t used_bytes() const { return _used_bytes.load_relaxed(); }
 
   void add_used_bytes(size_t used_bytes) {
-    _used_bytes += used_bytes;
+    _used_bytes.add_then_fetch(used_bytes, memory_order_relaxed);
   }
 };
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.cpp
index 9550e57698e..2e509e79ec3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 #include "gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.hpp"
 
 G1RegionsOnNodes::G1RegionsOnNodes() : _count_per_node(nullptr), _numa(G1NUMA::numa()) {
-  _count_per_node = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(uint, _numa->num_active_nodes(), mtGC);
+  _count_per_node = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(Atomic<uint>, _numa->num_active_nodes(), mtGC);
   clear();
 }
 
@@ -40,16 +40,14 @@ void G1RegionsOnNodes::add(G1HeapRegion* hr) {
 
   // Update only if the node index is valid.
   if (node_index < _numa->num_active_nodes()) {
-    *(_count_per_node + node_index) += 1;
+    _count_per_node[node_index].add_then_fetch(1u, memory_order_relaxed);
   }
 }
 
 void G1RegionsOnNodes::clear() {
-  for (uint i = 0; i < _numa->num_active_nodes(); i++) {
-    _count_per_node[i] = 0;
-  }
+  ::new (_count_per_node) Atomic<uint>[_numa->num_active_nodes()]{};
 }
 
 uint G1RegionsOnNodes::count(uint node_index) const {
-  return _count_per_node[node_index];
+  return _count_per_node[node_index].load_relaxed();
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.hpp
index fb1f2381dba..e528a147150 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,13 +26,14 @@
 #define SHARE_VM_GC_G1_G1REGIONS_HPP
 
 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
+#include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
 
 class G1NUMA;
 class G1HeapRegion;
 
 // Contains per node index region count
 class G1RegionsOnNodes : public StackObj {
-  volatile uint* _count_per_node;
+  Atomic<uint>*  _count_per_node;
   G1NUMA*        _numa;
 
 public:
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SurvivorRegions.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SurvivorRegions.cpp
index 84609df4fc9..806df4abacb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SurvivorRegions.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SurvivorRegions.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -55,10 +55,10 @@ void G1SurvivorRegions::convert_to_eden() {
 
 void G1SurvivorRegions::clear() {
   _regions.clear();
-  _used_bytes = 0;
+  _used_bytes.store_relaxed(0);
   _regions_on_node.clear();
 }
 
 void G1SurvivorRegions::add_used_bytes(size_t used_bytes) {
-  _used_bytes += used_bytes;
+  _used_bytes.add_then_fetch(used_bytes, memory_order_relaxed);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SurvivorRegions.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SurvivorRegions.hpp
index 4e4966f6797..5ced2fced3c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SurvivorRegions.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SurvivorRegions.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #define SHARE_GC_G1_G1SURVIVORREGIONS_HPP
 
 #include "gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.hpp"
+#include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
 #include "runtime/globals.hpp"
 #include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
 
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ class G1HeapRegion;
 // Set of current survivor regions.
 class G1SurvivorRegions {
   GrowableArray<G1HeapRegion*> _regions;
-  volatile size_t _used_bytes;
+  Atomic<size_t> _used_bytes;
   G1RegionsOnNodes _regions_on_node;
 
 public:
@@ -56,7 +57,7 @@ class G1SurvivorRegions {
   }
 
   // Used bytes of all survivor regions.
-  size_t used_bytes() const { return _used_bytes; }
+  size_t used_bytes() const { return _used_bytes.load_relaxed(); }
 
   void add_used_bytes(size_t used_bytes);
 };

From cc2cd968c5bea6464dae87d2652446c4cb99bdf2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 8 Jul 2026 06:01:46 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 176/707] 8387765: G1: Let G1HeapRegionType::_tag use the
 Atomic API

Reviewed-by: aboldtch
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionType.cpp | 11 +++----
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionType.hpp | 32 ++++++++++++--------
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/vmStructs_g1.hpp     |  6 ++--
 3 files changed, 27 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionType.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionType.cpp
index ba6bf7e870d..c62bac8bcbc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionType.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionType.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -45,8 +45,7 @@ bool G1HeapRegionType::is_valid(Tag tag) {
 }
 
 const char* G1HeapRegionType::get_str() const {
-  hrt_assert_is_valid(_tag);
-  switch (_tag) {
+  switch (get()) {
     case FreeTag:               return "FREE";
     case EdenTag:               return "EDEN";
     case SurvTag:               return "SURV";
@@ -60,8 +59,7 @@ const char* G1HeapRegionType::get_str() const {
 }
 
 const char* G1HeapRegionType::get_short_str() const {
-  hrt_assert_is_valid(_tag);
-  switch (_tag) {
+  switch (get()) {
     case FreeTag:               return "F";
     case EdenTag:               return "E";
     case SurvTag:               return "S";
@@ -75,8 +73,7 @@ const char* G1HeapRegionType::get_short_str() const {
 }
 
 G1HeapRegionTraceType::Type G1HeapRegionType::get_trace_type() {
-  hrt_assert_is_valid(_tag);
-  switch (_tag) {
+  switch (get()) {
     case FreeTag:               return G1HeapRegionTraceType::Free;
     case EdenTag:               return G1HeapRegionTraceType::Eden;
     case SurvTag:               return G1HeapRegionTraceType::Survivor;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionType.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionType.hpp
index 92d3efc2f87..3ffa7faecff 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionType.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionType.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #define SHARE_GC_G1_G1HEAPREGIONTYPE_HPP
 
 #include "gc/g1/g1HeapRegionTraceType.hpp"
+#include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 
 #define hrt_assert_is_valid(tag) \
@@ -34,7 +35,6 @@
 class G1HeapRegionType {
   friend class VMStructs;
 
-private:
   // We encode the value of the heap region type so the generation can be
   // determined quickly. The tag is split into two parts:
   //
@@ -73,20 +73,21 @@ class G1HeapRegionType {
     OldTag                = OldMask
   } Tag;
 
-  volatile Tag _tag;
+  Atomic<Tag> _tag;
 
   static bool is_valid(Tag tag);
 
   Tag get() const {
-    hrt_assert_is_valid(_tag);
-    return _tag;
+    Tag result = _tag.load_relaxed();
+    hrt_assert_is_valid(result);
+    return result;
   }
 
   // Sets the type to 'tag'.
   void set(Tag tag) {
     hrt_assert_is_valid(tag);
-    hrt_assert_is_valid(_tag);
-    _tag = tag;
+    hrt_assert_is_valid(_tag.load_relaxed());
+    _tag.store_relaxed(tag);
   }
 
   // Sets the type to 'tag', expecting the type to be 'before'. This
@@ -95,13 +96,12 @@ class G1HeapRegionType {
   void set_from(Tag tag, Tag before) {
     hrt_assert_is_valid(tag);
     hrt_assert_is_valid(before);
-    hrt_assert_is_valid(_tag);
-    assert(_tag == before, "HR tag: %u, expected: %u new tag; %u", _tag, before, tag);
-    _tag = tag;
+    assert(get() == before, "HR tag: %u, expected: %u new tag; %u", get(), before, tag);
+    _tag.store_relaxed(tag);
   }
 
   // Private constructor used for static constants
-  G1HeapRegionType(Tag t) : _tag(t) { hrt_assert_is_valid(_tag); }
+  G1HeapRegionType(Tag t) : _tag(t) { hrt_assert_is_valid(t); }
 
 public:
   // Queries
@@ -159,7 +159,15 @@ class G1HeapRegionType {
   const char* get_short_str() const;
   G1HeapRegionTraceType::Type get_trace_type();
 
-  G1HeapRegionType() : _tag(FreeTag) { hrt_assert_is_valid(_tag); }
+  G1HeapRegionType() : G1HeapRegionType(FreeTag) { }
+
+  G1HeapRegionType(const G1HeapRegionType& other) : G1HeapRegionType(other.get()) { }
+  G1HeapRegionType& operator=(const G1HeapRegionType& other) {
+    if (this != &other) {
+      set(other.get());
+    }
+    return *this;
+  }
 
   static const G1HeapRegionType Eden;
   static const G1HeapRegionType Survivor;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/vmStructs_g1.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/vmStructs_g1.hpp
index e0179b69646..23beb75211b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/vmStructs_g1.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/vmStructs_g1.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
   nonstatic_field(G1HeapRegion, _end,            HeapWord* const)             \
   nonstatic_field(G1HeapRegion, _pinned_object_count, Atomic<size_t>)         \
                                                                               \
-  nonstatic_field(G1HeapRegionType, _tag,   G1HeapRegionType::Tag volatile)   \
+  nonstatic_field(G1HeapRegionType, _tag,   Atomic<G1HeapRegionType::Tag>)    \
                                                                               \
                                                                               \
   nonstatic_field(G1HeapRegionTable, _base,             address)              \
@@ -104,6 +104,6 @@
   declare_toplevel_type(G1HeapRegion*)                                        \
   declare_toplevel_type(G1MonitoringSupport*)                                 \
                                                                               \
-  declare_integer_type(G1HeapRegionType::Tag volatile)
+  declare_integer_type(Atomic<G1HeapRegionType::Tag>)
 
 #endif // SHARE_GC_G1_VMSTRUCTS_G1_HPP

From cef023b03b6075bf9c0855935fa78ac6e79add3d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Albert Mingkun Yang <ayang@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 8 Jul 2026 06:50:30 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 177/707] 8386705: Parallel: Allow NUMA with explicit huge
 pages and adaptive resizing

Reviewed-by: tschatzl, mbaesken
---
 src/hotspot/os/linux/os_linux.cpp                  | 14 --------------
 src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/mutableNUMASpace.cpp |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/mutableSpace.cpp     |  2 +-
 3 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/os/linux/os_linux.cpp b/src/hotspot/os/linux/os_linux.cpp
index ad1f384fa32..aad18edf2a6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os/linux/os_linux.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os/linux/os_linux.cpp
@@ -4662,20 +4662,6 @@ void os::Linux::numa_init() {
   if (UseNUMA && !UseNUMAInterleaving) {
     FLAG_SET_ERGO_IF_DEFAULT(UseNUMAInterleaving, true);
   }
-
-#if INCLUDE_PARALLELGC
-  if (UseParallelGC && UseNUMA && UseLargePages && !can_commit_large_page_memory()) {
-    // With static large pages we cannot uncommit a page, so there's no way
-    // we can make the adaptive lgrp chunk resizing work. If the user specified both
-    // UseNUMA and UseLargePages on the command line - warn and disable adaptive resizing.
-    if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy || UseAdaptiveNUMAChunkSizing) {
-      warning("UseNUMA is not fully compatible with +UseLargePages, "
-              "disabling adaptive resizing (-XX:-UseAdaptiveSizePolicy -XX:-UseAdaptiveNUMAChunkSizing)");
-      UseAdaptiveSizePolicy = false;
-      UseAdaptiveNUMAChunkSizing = false;
-    }
-  }
-#endif
 }
 
 void os::Linux::disable_numa(const char* reason, bool warning) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/mutableNUMASpace.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/mutableNUMASpace.cpp
index 8b514fe7199..ca4e77bab8e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/mutableNUMASpace.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/mutableNUMASpace.cpp
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ void MutableNUMASpace::bias_region(MemRegion mr, uint lgrp_id) {
   // First we tell the OS which page size we want in the given range. The underlying
   // large page can be broken down if we require small pages.
   os::realign_memory((char*) mr.start(), mr.byte_size(), page_size());
-  // Then we uncommit the pages in the range.
+  // Then we disclaim the pages in the range so they can be faulted in again.
   os::disclaim_memory((char*) mr.start(), mr.byte_size());
   // And make them local/first-touch biased.
   os::numa_make_local((char*)mr.start(), mr.byte_size(), checked_cast<int>(lgrp_id));
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/mutableSpace.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/mutableSpace.cpp
index d99db493989..9b10f9faee2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/mutableSpace.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/mutableSpace.cpp
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ void MutableSpace::numa_setup_pages(MemRegion mr, bool clear_space) {
   }
 
   if (clear_space) {
-    // Prefer page reallocation to migration.
+    // Prefer page discard and refault under the requested NUMA policy to migration.
     os::disclaim_memory((char*) mr.start(), mr.byte_size());
   }
   os::numa_make_global((char*) mr.start(), mr.byte_size());

From 2dc0c1c5a90610460a68803655be351c85bec9e3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 8 Jul 2026 07:54:18 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 178/707] 8358342: G1: G1CodeRootSet performance breaks down on
 even moderate load

Reviewed-by: aboldtch
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CodeRootSet.cpp     | 35 +++++++-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CodeRootSet.hpp     |  6 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCPhaseTimes.cpp    | 24 ++---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCPhaseTimes.hpp    | 23 ++---
 .../share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.cpp        |  4 +
 .../share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.hpp        |  1 +
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1NMethodClosure.cpp  | 46 ++++++++--
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1NMethodClosure.hpp  | 19 ++--
 .../share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp      | 89 ++++++++++++++++---
 .../share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.hpp      | 36 +++++++-
 .../gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.inline.hpp     | 33 ++++++-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp          |  6 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp          |  2 +
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RootClosures.hpp    |  4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SharedClosures.hpp  |  4 +-
 .../gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp      | 84 +++++++++++++----
 .../gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.hpp      | 11 ++-
 .../jtreg/gc/g1/TestGCLogMessages.java        |  5 +-
 .../gc/collection/TestG1ParallelPhases.java   |  7 +-
 19 files changed, 358 insertions(+), 81 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CodeRootSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CodeRootSet.cpp
index ca4487876b9..7f1dec462d4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CodeRootSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CodeRootSet.cpp
@@ -196,12 +196,12 @@ class G1CodeRootSetHashTable : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
     clean(delete_check);
   }
 
-  // Calculate the log2 of the table size we want to shrink to.
-  size_t log2_target_shrink_size(size_t current_size) const {
+  // Calculate the log2 of the table size we want to change to.
+  size_t log2_target_size(size_t new_size) const {
     // A table with the new size should be at most filled by this factor. Otherwise
     // we would grow again quickly.
     const float WantedLoadFactor = 0.5;
-    size_t min_expected_size = checked_cast<size_t>(ceil(current_size / WantedLoadFactor));
+    size_t min_expected_size = checked_cast<size_t>(ceil(new_size / WantedLoadFactor));
 
     size_t result = Log2DefaultNumBuckets;
     if (min_expected_size != 0) {
@@ -214,12 +214,34 @@ class G1CodeRootSetHashTable : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   // Shrink to keep table size appropriate to the given number of entries.
   void shrink_to_match(size_t current_size) {
     size_t prev_log2size = _table.get_size_log2(Thread::current());
-    size_t new_log2_table_size = log2_target_shrink_size(current_size);
+    size_t new_log2_table_size = log2_target_size(current_size);
     if (new_log2_table_size < prev_log2size) {
       _table.shrink(Thread::current(), new_log2_table_size);
     }
   }
 
+  void grow_to_match_unsafe(size_t new_size) {
+    assert_at_safepoint();
+
+    size_t prev_log2size = _table.get_size_log2(Thread::current());
+    size_t new_log2_table_size = log2_target_size(new_size);
+    // If there is nothing in the table, we can reset directly. Otherwise double
+    // the table in size until the target is reached, which is the only grow
+    // operation CHT supports.
+    if ((prev_log2size != new_log2_table_size) && (number_of_entries() == 0)) {
+      _table.unsafe_reset(new_log2_table_size);
+    } else {
+      while (new_log2_table_size > prev_log2size) {
+        if (!_table.grow(Thread::current(), new_log2_table_size)) {
+          // Should always succeed during safepoint.
+          ShouldNotReachHere();
+          break;
+        }
+        prev_log2size = _table.get_size_log2(Thread::current());
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   void reset_table_scanner() {
     _table_scanner.set(&_table, BucketClaimSize);
   }
@@ -269,6 +291,11 @@ void G1CodeRootSet::bulk_remove() {
   _table->bulk_remove();
 }
 
+void G1CodeRootSet::prepare_for_adding_code_roots(size_t num_new_code_roots) {
+  assert(!_is_iterating, "should not mutate while iterating the table");
+  _table->grow_to_match_unsafe(_table->number_of_entries() + num_new_code_roots);
+}
+
 bool G1CodeRootSet::contains(nmethod* method) {
   return _table->contains(method);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CodeRootSet.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CodeRootSet.hpp
index ffa1cddbe54..b298bbfb914 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CodeRootSet.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CodeRootSet.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -45,6 +45,10 @@ class G1CodeRootSet {
   void add(nmethod* method);
   bool remove(nmethod* method);
   void bulk_remove();
+  // Notify the code root set that we are about to add the given
+  // number of code roots. Only to be used during safepoint, not
+  // in parallel to other modifications.
+  void prepare_for_adding_code_roots(size_t num_code_roots);
   bool contains(nmethod* method);
   void clear();
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCPhaseTimes.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCPhaseTimes.cpp
index a04b50ec1e7..e5bf8137811 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCPhaseTimes.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCPhaseTimes.cpp
@@ -94,7 +94,8 @@ G1GCPhaseTimes::G1GCPhaseTimes(STWGCTimer* gc_timer, uint max_gc_threads) :
   _gc_par_phases[GCWorkerTotal] = new WorkerDataArray<double>("GCWorkerTotal", "GC Worker Total (ms):", max_gc_threads);
   _gc_par_phases[GCWorkerEnd] = new WorkerDataArray<double>("GCWorkerEnd", "GC Worker End (ms):", max_gc_threads);
   _gc_par_phases[Other] = new WorkerDataArray<double>("Other", "GC Worker Other (ms):", max_gc_threads);
-  _gc_par_phases[MergePSS] = new WorkerDataArray<double>("MergePSS", "Merge Per-Thread State (ms):", max_gc_threads);
+  _gc_par_phases[FlushPSS] = new WorkerDataArray<double>("FlushPSS", "Flush Per-Thread State (ms):", max_gc_threads);
+  _gc_par_phases[DestroyPSS] = new WorkerDataArray<double>("DestroyPSS", "Destroy Per-Thread State (ms):", max_gc_threads);
   _gc_par_phases[RestoreEvacuationFailedRegions] = new WorkerDataArray<double>("RestoreEvacuationFailedRegions", "Restore Evacuation Failed Regions (ms):", max_gc_threads);
   _gc_par_phases[RemoveSelfForwards] = new WorkerDataArray<double>("RemoveSelfForwards", "Remove Self Forwards (ms):", max_gc_threads);
   _gc_par_phases[ClearCardTable] = new WorkerDataArray<double>("ClearPendingCards", "Clear Pending Cards (ms):", max_gc_threads);
@@ -103,7 +104,7 @@ G1GCPhaseTimes::G1GCPhaseTimes(STWGCTimer* gc_timer, uint max_gc_threads) :
   _gc_par_phases[UpdateDerivedPointers] = new WorkerDataArray<double>("UpdateDerivedPointers", "Update Derived Pointers (ms):", max_gc_threads);
 #endif // COMPILER2
   _gc_par_phases[EagerlyReclaimHumongousObjects] = new WorkerDataArray<double>("EagerlyReclaimHumongousObjects", "Eagerly Reclaim Humongous Objects (ms):", max_gc_threads);
-  _gc_par_phases[ResetPartialArrayStateManager] = new WorkerDataArray<double>("ResetPartialArrayStateManager", "Reset Partial Array State Manager (ms):", max_gc_threads);
+  _gc_par_phases[UpdateCodeRoots] = new WorkerDataArray<double>("UpdateCodeRoots", "Update Code Roots (ms):", _max_gc_threads);
   _gc_par_phases[ProcessEvacuationFailedRegions] = new WorkerDataArray<double>("ProcessEvacuationFailedRegions", "Process Evacuation Failed Regions (ms):", max_gc_threads);
 
   _gc_par_phases[ScanHR]->create_thread_work_items("Pending Cards:", ScanHRPendingCards);
@@ -126,13 +127,13 @@ G1GCPhaseTimes::G1GCPhaseTimes(STWGCTimer* gc_timer, uint max_gc_threads) :
 
   _gc_par_phases[OptCodeRoots]->create_thread_work_items("Scanned Nmethods:", CodeRootsScannedNMethods);
 
-  _gc_par_phases[MergePSS]->create_thread_work_items("Copied Bytes:", MergePSSCopiedBytes);
-  _gc_par_phases[MergePSS]->create_thread_work_items("LAB Waste:", MergePSSLABWasteBytes);
-  _gc_par_phases[MergePSS]->create_thread_work_items("LAB Undo Waste:", MergePSSLABUndoWasteBytes);
-  _gc_par_phases[MergePSS]->create_thread_work_items("Pending Cards:", MergePSSPendingCards);
-  _gc_par_phases[MergePSS]->create_thread_work_items("To-Young-Gen Cards:", MergePSSToYoungGenCards);
-  _gc_par_phases[MergePSS]->create_thread_work_items("Evac-Fail Cards:", MergePSSEvacFail);
-  _gc_par_phases[MergePSS]->create_thread_work_items("Marked Cards:", MergePSSMarked);
+  _gc_par_phases[FlushPSS]->create_thread_work_items("Copied Bytes:", FlushPSSCopiedBytes);
+  _gc_par_phases[FlushPSS]->create_thread_work_items("LAB Waste:", FlushPSSLABWasteBytes);
+  _gc_par_phases[FlushPSS]->create_thread_work_items("LAB Undo Waste:", FlushPSSLABUndoWasteBytes);
+  _gc_par_phases[FlushPSS]->create_thread_work_items("Pending Cards:", FlushPSSPendingCards);
+  _gc_par_phases[FlushPSS]->create_thread_work_items("To-Young-Gen Cards:", FlushPSSToYoungGenCards);
+  _gc_par_phases[FlushPSS]->create_thread_work_items("Evac-Fail Cards:", FlushPSSEvacFail);
+  _gc_par_phases[FlushPSS]->create_thread_work_items("Marked Cards:", FlushPSSMarked);
 
   _gc_par_phases[RestoreEvacuationFailedRegions]->create_thread_work_items("Evacuation Failed Regions:", RestoreEvacFailureRegionsEvacFailedNum);
   _gc_par_phases[RestoreEvacuationFailedRegions]->create_thread_work_items("Pinned Regions:", RestoreEvacFailureRegionsPinnedNum);
@@ -495,7 +496,8 @@ double G1GCPhaseTimes::print_post_evacuate_collection_set(bool evacuation_failed
   _weak_phase_times.log_subtotals(3);
 
   debug_time("Post Evacuate Cleanup 1", _cur_post_evacuate_cleanup_1_time_ms);
-  debug_phase(_gc_par_phases[MergePSS], 1);
+  debug_phase(_gc_par_phases[FlushPSS], 1);
+  debug_phase(_gc_par_phases[UpdateCodeRoots], 1);
   debug_phase(_gc_par_phases[ClearCardTable], 1);
   debug_phase(_gc_par_phases[RecalculateUsed], 1);
   if (evacuation_failed) {
@@ -512,7 +514,7 @@ double G1GCPhaseTimes::print_post_evacuate_collection_set(bool evacuation_failed
   debug_phase(_gc_par_phases[UpdateDerivedPointers], 1);
 #endif // COMPILER2
   debug_phase(_gc_par_phases[EagerlyReclaimHumongousObjects], 1);
-  trace_phase(_gc_par_phases[ResetPartialArrayStateManager]);
+  trace_phase(_gc_par_phases[DestroyPSS]);
 
   if (G1CollectedHeap::heap()->should_sample_collection_set_candidates()) {
     debug_phase(_gc_par_phases[SampleCollectionSetCandidates], 1);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCPhaseTimes.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCPhaseTimes.hpp
index 31bfd38ddb9..078a819986c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCPhaseTimes.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCPhaseTimes.hpp
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ class G1GCPhaseTimes : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
     ResizeThreadLABs,
     RebuildFreeList,
     SampleCollectionSetCandidates,
-    MergePSS,
+    FlushPSS,
     RestoreEvacuationFailedRegions,
     RemoveSelfForwards,
     ClearCardTable,
@@ -85,7 +85,8 @@ class G1GCPhaseTimes : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
     UpdateDerivedPointers,
 #endif // COMPILER2
     EagerlyReclaimHumongousObjects,
-    ResetPartialArrayStateManager,
+    UpdateCodeRoots,
+    DestroyPSS,
     ProcessEvacuationFailedRegions,
     ResetMarkingState,
     NoteStartOfMark,
@@ -134,15 +135,15 @@ class G1GCPhaseTimes : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
     CodeRootsScannedNMethods
   };
 
-  enum GCMergePSSWorkItems {
-    MergePSSCopiedBytes,
-    MergePSSLABSize,
-    MergePSSLABWasteBytes,
-    MergePSSLABUndoWasteBytes,
-    MergePSSPendingCards,      // To be scanned cards generated by GC (from cross-references and evacuation failure).
-    MergePSSToYoungGenCards,   // To-young-gen cards generated by GC.
-    MergePSSEvacFail,          // Evacuation failure generated dirty cards by GC.
-    MergePSSMarked,            // Total newly marked cards.
+  enum GCFlushPSSWorkItems {
+    FlushPSSCopiedBytes,
+    FlushPSSLABSize,
+    FlushPSSLABWasteBytes,
+    FlushPSSLABUndoWasteBytes,
+    FlushPSSPendingCards,      // To be scanned cards generated by GC (from cross-references and evacuation failure).
+    FlushPSSToYoungGenCards,   // To-young-gen cards generated by GC.
+    FlushPSSEvacFail,          // Evacuation failure generated dirty cards by GC.
+    FlushPSSMarked,            // Total newly marked cards.
   };
 
   enum RestoreEvacFailureRegionsWorkItems {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.cpp
index ef42538d4d6..e2009b0e77d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.cpp
@@ -132,6 +132,10 @@ void G1HeapRegionRemSet::bulk_remove_code_roots() {
   _code_roots.bulk_remove();
 }
 
+void G1HeapRegionRemSet::prepare_for_adding_code_roots(size_t num_code_roots) {
+  _code_roots.prepare_for_adding_code_roots(num_code_roots);
+}
+
 void G1HeapRegionRemSet::code_roots_do(NMethodClosure* blk) const {
   _code_roots.nmethods_do(blk);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.hpp
index 2e97d6a7597..20f7b785f45 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.hpp
@@ -182,6 +182,7 @@ class G1HeapRegionRemSet : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   void add_code_root(nmethod* nm);
   void remove_code_root(nmethod* nm);
   void bulk_remove_code_roots();
+  void prepare_for_adding_code_roots(size_t num_code_roots);
 
   // Applies blk->do_nmethod() to each of the entries in _code_roots
   void code_roots_do(NMethodClosure* blk) const;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1NMethodClosure.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1NMethodClosure.cpp
index d74aa5eae1d..d7dcbeb87fb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1NMethodClosure.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1NMethodClosure.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -35,13 +35,47 @@
 
 template <typename T>
 void G1NMethodClosure::HeapRegionGatheringOopClosure::do_oop_work(T* p) {
+  T old_oop_or_narrowoop = RawAccess<>::oop_load(p);
+
   _work->do_oop(p);
   T oop_or_narrowoop = RawAccess<>::oop_load(p);
-  if (!CompressedOops::is_null(oop_or_narrowoop)) {
+  // If the oop moved, we need to update the code root set at the new location. If it did not
+  // change, it is either in the existing code root set, or an earlier evacuation round already
+  // enqueued it for deferred update.
+  //
+  // We defer actual update to the code roots to later. This can, in presence of optional
+  // collections, ultimately result in duplicates in the per-thread code root set update list.
+  // We consider this negligible, given that optional collection is rare and typically does
+  // not cover many regions/nmethods.
+  if (oop_or_narrowoop != old_oop_or_narrowoop) {
+    // If the oop moved, it must not have been null.
+    assert(!CompressedOops::is_null(oop_or_narrowoop), "must be");
     oop o = CompressedOops::decode_not_null(oop_or_narrowoop);
+    assert(!_g1h->is_in_cset(o), "must be");
+
     G1HeapRegion* hr = _g1h->heap_region_containing(o);
-    assert(!_g1h->is_in_cset(o) || hr->rem_set()->code_roots_list_contains(_nm), "if o still in collection set then evacuation failed and nm must already be in the remset");
-    hr->add_code_root(_nm);
+    _affected_regions.append_if_missing(hr);
+  } else {
+    // We could be tempted to verify that for a non-null oop, the _nm is already in the target code root
+    // set or in one of the deferred code root set update lists. It would not be sufficient to verify the
+    // current thread's list, because across evacuation rounds (i.e. initial/multiple optional) different
+    // threads may have worked on a given oop from an nmethod.
+    // This is rather expensive, not only requiring looking at all threads' lists, but also making sure
+    // that there are no memory ordering issues when doing that. So we skip it.
+  }
+}
+
+G1NMethodClosure::HeapRegionGatheringOopClosure::HeapRegionGatheringOopClosure(OopClosure* oc, G1ParScanThreadState* pss) :
+  _g1h(G1CollectedHeap::heap()),
+  _work(oc),
+  _pss(pss),
+  _nm(nullptr),
+  _affected_regions(5) {
+}
+
+void G1NMethodClosure::HeapRegionGatheringOopClosure::add_to_remsets() {
+  while (!_affected_regions.is_empty()) {
+    _pss->remember_nmethod_into_region(_affected_regions.pop(), _nm);
   }
 }
 
@@ -74,11 +108,13 @@ void G1NMethodClosure::MarkingOopClosure::do_oop(narrowOop* o) {
 }
 
 void G1NMethodClosure::do_evacuation_and_fixup(nmethod* nm) {
-  _oc.set_nm(nm);
+  _oc.set_nmethod(nm);
 
   // Evacuate objects pointed to by the nmethod
   nm->oops_do(&_oc);
 
+  _oc.add_to_remsets();
+
   if (_strong) {
     // CodeCache unloading support
     nm->mark_as_maybe_on_stack();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1NMethodClosure.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1NMethodClosure.hpp
index 91906932d4f..95d0ee1942d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1NMethodClosure.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1NMethodClosure.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,8 +27,10 @@
 
 #include "gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp"
 #include "memory/iterator.hpp"
+#include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
 
 class G1ConcurrentMark;
+class G1ParScanThreadState;
 class nmethod;
 
 class G1NMethodClosure : public NMethodClosure {
@@ -36,20 +38,27 @@ class G1NMethodClosure : public NMethodClosure {
   class HeapRegionGatheringOopClosure : public OopClosure {
     G1CollectedHeap* _g1h;
     OopClosure* _work;
+    G1ParScanThreadState* _pss;
+
     nmethod* _nm;
+    GrowableArrayCHeap<G1HeapRegion*, mtGC> _affected_regions;
 
     template <typename T>
     void do_oop_work(T* p);
 
   public:
-    HeapRegionGatheringOopClosure(OopClosure* oc) : _g1h(G1CollectedHeap::heap()), _work(oc), _nm(nullptr) {}
+    HeapRegionGatheringOopClosure(OopClosure* oc, G1ParScanThreadState* pss);
+    ~HeapRegionGatheringOopClosure() = default;
 
     void do_oop(oop* o);
     void do_oop(narrowOop* o);
 
-    void set_nm(nmethod* nm) {
+    void set_nmethod(nmethod* nm) {
+      assert(_affected_regions.is_empty(), "must be");
       _nm = nm;
     }
+
+    void add_to_remsets();
   };
 
   // Mark all oops below TAMS.
@@ -72,8 +81,8 @@ class G1NMethodClosure : public NMethodClosure {
 
   bool _strong;
 public:
-  G1NMethodClosure(uint worker_id, OopClosure* oc, bool strong) :
-    _oc(oc), _marking_oc(worker_id), _strong(strong) { }
+  G1NMethodClosure(uint worker_id, OopClosure* oc, bool strong, G1ParScanThreadState* pss) :
+    _oc(oc, pss), _marking_oc(worker_id), _strong(strong) { }
 
   void do_evacuation_and_fixup(nmethod* nm);
   void do_marking(nmethod* nm);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp
index 5a66f64090a..3e6f8758744 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp
@@ -55,12 +55,20 @@
 // Explicit NOINLINE to block ATTRIBUTE_FLATTENing.
 #define MAYBE_INLINE_EVACUATION NOT_DEBUG(inline) DEBUG_ONLY(NOINLINE)
 
+// Good estimate for the initial table size.
+static uint initial_nmethod_table_size(G1CollectedHeap* g1h) {
+  // The +1 is both to consider the retained old region likely to be added, and avoid zero-sized initial tables.
+  return MIN3(g1h->collection_set()->num_regions(), g1h->max_num_regions() / 2, g1h->num_available_regions()) + 1;
+}
+
 G1ParScanThreadState::G1ParScanThreadState(G1CollectedHeap* g1h,
+                                           G1ParScanThreadStateSet* per_thread_states,
                                            uint worker_id,
                                            uint num_workers,
                                            G1CollectionSet* collection_set,
                                            G1EvacFailureRegions* evac_failure_regions)
   : _g1h(g1h),
+    _per_thread_states(per_thread_states),
     _task_queue(g1h->task_queue(worker_id)),
     _ct(g1h->refinement_table()),
     _closures(nullptr),
@@ -83,6 +91,10 @@ G1ParScanThreadState::G1ParScanThreadState(G1CollectedHeap* g1h,
     _max_num_optional_regions(collection_set->num_optional_regions()),
     _numa(g1h->numa()),
     _obj_alloc_stat(nullptr),
+    // The initial size estimate is relatively conservative, assuming that all regions
+    // in the collection set get evacuated into the same amount of new regions.
+    _nmethods_to_add(initial_nmethod_table_size(g1h),
+                     MAX2(initial_nmethod_table_size(g1h), _g1h->max_num_regions() / 2)),
     ALLOCATION_FAILURE_INJECTOR_ONLY(_allocation_failure_inject_counter(0) COMMA)
     _evacuation_failed_info(),
     _evac_failure_regions(evac_failure_regions),
@@ -129,6 +141,12 @@ size_t G1ParScanThreadState::flush_stats(size_t* surviving_young_words, uint num
 }
 
 G1ParScanThreadState::~G1ParScanThreadState() {
+  auto delete_all = [&] (uint region, G1NmethodSet* nmethods) -> bool {
+    delete nmethods;
+    return true;
+  };
+  _nmethods_to_add.iterate(delete_all);
+
   delete _plab_allocator;
   delete _closures;
   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(_surviving_young_words_base);
@@ -575,6 +593,7 @@ G1ParScanThreadState* G1ParScanThreadStateSet::state_for_worker(uint worker_id)
   if (_states[worker_id] == nullptr) {
     _states[worker_id] =
       new G1ParScanThreadState(_g1h,
+                               this,
                                worker_id,
                                _num_workers,
                                _collection_set,
@@ -606,19 +625,57 @@ void G1ParScanThreadStateSet::flush_stats() {
     size_t evac_failure_cards = pss->num_cards_from_evac_failure();
     size_t marked_cards = pss->num_cards_marked();
 
-    p->record_or_add_thread_work_item(G1GCPhaseTimes::MergePSS, worker_id, copied_bytes, G1GCPhaseTimes::MergePSSCopiedBytes);
-    p->record_or_add_thread_work_item(G1GCPhaseTimes::MergePSS, worker_id, lab_waste_bytes, G1GCPhaseTimes::MergePSSLABWasteBytes);
-    p->record_or_add_thread_work_item(G1GCPhaseTimes::MergePSS, worker_id, lab_undo_waste_bytes, G1GCPhaseTimes::MergePSSLABUndoWasteBytes);
-    p->record_or_add_thread_work_item(G1GCPhaseTimes::MergePSS, worker_id, pending_cards, G1GCPhaseTimes::MergePSSPendingCards);
-    p->record_or_add_thread_work_item(G1GCPhaseTimes::MergePSS, worker_id, to_young_gen_cards, G1GCPhaseTimes::MergePSSToYoungGenCards);
-    p->record_or_add_thread_work_item(G1GCPhaseTimes::MergePSS, worker_id, evac_failure_cards, G1GCPhaseTimes::MergePSSEvacFail);
-    p->record_or_add_thread_work_item(G1GCPhaseTimes::MergePSS, worker_id, marked_cards, G1GCPhaseTimes::MergePSSMarked);
+    p->record_or_add_thread_work_item(G1GCPhaseTimes::FlushPSS, worker_id, copied_bytes, G1GCPhaseTimes::FlushPSSCopiedBytes);
+    p->record_or_add_thread_work_item(G1GCPhaseTimes::FlushPSS, worker_id, lab_waste_bytes, G1GCPhaseTimes::FlushPSSLABWasteBytes);
+    p->record_or_add_thread_work_item(G1GCPhaseTimes::FlushPSS, worker_id, lab_undo_waste_bytes, G1GCPhaseTimes::FlushPSSLABUndoWasteBytes);
+    p->record_or_add_thread_work_item(G1GCPhaseTimes::FlushPSS, worker_id, pending_cards, G1GCPhaseTimes::FlushPSSPendingCards);
+    p->record_or_add_thread_work_item(G1GCPhaseTimes::FlushPSS, worker_id, to_young_gen_cards, G1GCPhaseTimes::FlushPSSToYoungGenCards);
+    p->record_or_add_thread_work_item(G1GCPhaseTimes::FlushPSS, worker_id, evac_failure_cards, G1GCPhaseTimes::FlushPSSEvacFail);
+    p->record_or_add_thread_work_item(G1GCPhaseTimes::FlushPSS, worker_id, marked_cards, G1GCPhaseTimes::FlushPSSMarked);
+  }
+
+  _flushed = true;
+}
 
-    delete pss;
+void G1ParScanThreadStateSet::destroy_worker_states() {
+  assert(_flushed, "statistics must already be flushed");
+  for (uint worker_id = 0; worker_id < _num_workers; ++worker_id) {
+    delete _states[worker_id];
     _states[worker_id] = nullptr;
   }
+}
 
-  _flushed = true;
+void G1ParScanThreadStateSet::update_nmethod_regions_to_add(G1NmethodsToAdd* nmethods) {
+  if (nmethods->number_of_entries() == 0) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Take the key set, look which are not yet in the global set, and update the necessary ones.
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  GrowableArray<uint> regions_to_add = GrowableArray<uint>(nmethods->table_size());
+
+  nmethods->iterate_all([&] (uint& region, void*) {
+    if (_has_nmethods_to_add.par_set_bit(region, memory_order_relaxed)) {
+      regions_to_add.push(region);
+    }
+  });
+
+  uint num_regions_to_add = (uint)regions_to_add.length();
+
+  if (num_regions_to_add == 0) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  uint first_index = _num_nmethod_regions_to_add.fetch_then_add(num_regions_to_add, memory_order_relaxed);
+  guarantee(first_index + num_regions_to_add <= _g1h->max_num_regions(), "must be");
+
+  memcpy(&_nmethod_regions_to_add[first_index], regions_to_add.adr_at(0), num_regions_to_add * sizeof(uint));
+}
+
+void G1ParScanThreadStateSet::par_iterate_nmethod_regions_to_add(G1HeapRegionClosure* cl,
+                                                                 G1HeapRegionClaimer* claimer,
+                                                                 uint worker_id) {
+  _g1h->par_iterate_regions_array(cl, claimer, _nmethod_regions_to_add, num_nmethod_regions_to_add(), worker_id);
 }
 
 void G1ParScanThreadStateSet::record_unused_optional_region(G1HeapRegion* hr) {
@@ -676,6 +733,10 @@ oop G1ParScanThreadState::handle_evacuation_failure_par(oop old, markWord m, Kla
   }
 }
 
+void G1ParScanThreadState::update_nmethod_regions_to_add() {
+  _per_thread_states->update_nmethod_regions_to_add(&_nmethods_to_add);
+}
+
 void G1ParScanThreadState::initialize_numa_stats() {
   if (_numa->is_enabled()) {
     LogTarget(Info, gc, heap, numa) lt;
@@ -720,7 +781,10 @@ G1ParScanThreadStateSet::G1ParScanThreadStateSet(G1CollectedHeap* g1h,
     _surviving_young_words_total(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(size_t, collection_set->num_young_regions() + 1, mtGC)),
     _num_workers(num_workers),
     _flushed(false),
-    _evac_failure_regions(evac_failure_regions)
+    _evac_failure_regions(evac_failure_regions),
+    _has_nmethods_to_add(g1h->max_num_regions(), mtGC),
+    _num_nmethod_regions_to_add(0),
+    _nmethod_regions_to_add(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(uint, g1h->max_num_regions(), mtGC)) // Conservative length estimation.
 {
   for (uint i = 0; i < num_workers; ++i) {
     _states[i] = nullptr;
@@ -729,7 +793,10 @@ G1ParScanThreadStateSet::G1ParScanThreadStateSet(G1CollectedHeap* g1h,
 }
 
 G1ParScanThreadStateSet::~G1ParScanThreadStateSet() {
-  assert(_flushed, "thread local state from the per thread states should have been flushed");
+  for (uint i = 0; i < _num_workers; i++) {
+    assert(_states[i] == nullptr, "must be");
+  }
+  FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(_nmethod_regions_to_add);
   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(_states);
   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(_surviving_young_words_total);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.hpp
index 3fb080d40be..efecbe1f786 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -37,6 +37,9 @@
 #include "gc/shared/taskqueue.hpp"
 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.hpp"
+#include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
+#include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
+#include "utilities/resizableHashTable.hpp"
 #include "utilities/ticks.hpp"
 
 class G1CardTable;
@@ -44,12 +47,16 @@ class G1CollectionSet;
 class G1EvacFailureRegions;
 class G1EvacuationRootClosures;
 class G1OopStarChunkedList;
+class G1ParScanThreadStateSet;
 class G1PLABAllocator;
 class G1HeapRegion;
 class outputStream;
 
+typedef GrowableArrayCHeap<nmethod*, mtGC> G1NmethodSet;
+typedef ResizeableHashTable<uint, G1NmethodSet*, AnyObj::C_HEAP, mtGC> G1NmethodsToAdd;
 class G1ParScanThreadState : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   G1CollectedHeap* _g1h;
+  G1ParScanThreadStateSet* _per_thread_states;
   G1ScannerTasksQueue* _task_queue;
   G1CardTable* _ct;
   G1EvacuationRootClosures* _closures;
@@ -96,6 +103,9 @@ class G1ParScanThreadState : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   // transferred when flushed.
   size_t* _obj_alloc_stat;
 
+  // The nmethods that were found during code root scan that need to be redistributed.
+  G1NmethodsToAdd _nmethods_to_add;
+
   // Per-thread evacuation failure data structures.
   ALLOCATION_FAILURE_INJECTOR_ONLY(size_t _allocation_failure_inject_counter;)
 
@@ -114,6 +124,7 @@ class G1ParScanThreadState : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
 
 public:
   G1ParScanThreadState(G1CollectedHeap* g1h,
+                       G1ParScanThreadStateSet* per_thread_states,
                        uint worker_id,
                        uint num_workers,
                        G1CollectionSet* collection_set,
@@ -243,6 +254,16 @@ class G1ParScanThreadState : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   // An attempt to evacuate "obj" has failed; take necessary steps.
   oop handle_evacuation_failure_par(oop obj, markWord m, Klass* klass, G1HeapRegionAttr attr, size_t word_sz, bool cause_pinned);
 
+  inline void remember_nmethod_into_region(G1HeapRegion* r, nmethod* nm);
+  // Updates the global set of regions that need updates to the code root set
+  // later with the ones gathered so far.
+  void update_nmethod_regions_to_add();
+
+  inline size_t num_nmethods(uint index) const;
+  // Iterate nmethods stored for the given region index.
+  template <typename Function>
+  inline void iterate_nmethods(uint index, Function fn);
+
   template <typename T>
   inline void remember_root_into_optional_region(T* p);
   template <typename T>
@@ -260,6 +281,10 @@ class G1ParScanThreadStateSet : public StackObj {
   bool _flushed;
   G1EvacFailureRegions* _evac_failure_regions;
 
+  CHeapBitMap _has_nmethods_to_add;
+  Atomic<uint> _num_nmethod_regions_to_add;
+  uint* _nmethod_regions_to_add;
+
  public:
   G1ParScanThreadStateSet(G1CollectedHeap* g1h,
                           uint num_workers,
@@ -268,6 +293,15 @@ class G1ParScanThreadStateSet : public StackObj {
   ~G1ParScanThreadStateSet();
 
   void flush_stats();
+  void destroy_worker_states();
+
+  // Updates the region set that has code root updates with the regions in the given set.
+  void update_nmethod_regions_to_add(G1NmethodsToAdd* nmethods);
+  void par_iterate_nmethod_regions_to_add(G1HeapRegionClosure* cl,
+                                          G1HeapRegionClaimer* claimer,
+                                          uint worker_id);
+  uint num_nmethod_regions_to_add() const { return _num_nmethod_regions_to_add.load_relaxed(); }
+
   void record_unused_optional_region(G1HeapRegion* hr);
 #if TASKQUEUE_STATS
   void print_partial_array_task_stats();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.inline.hpp
index 854c341f720..c42f5f4c4f6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -70,6 +70,37 @@ inline void G1ParScanThreadState::reset_trim_ticks() {
   _trim_ticks = Tickspan();
 }
 
+inline void G1ParScanThreadState::remember_nmethod_into_region(G1HeapRegion* r, nmethod* nm) {
+  uint index = r->hrm_index();
+
+  G1NmethodSet** nmethods = _nmethods_to_add.get(index);
+  if (nmethods != nullptr) {
+    (*nmethods)->push(nm);
+  } else {
+    G1NmethodSet* new_set = new G1NmethodSet(3);
+    new_set->push(nm);
+    bool put_result = _nmethods_to_add.put(index, new_set);
+    assert(put_result, "must be");
+    _nmethods_to_add.maybe_grow(3 /* load_factor */);
+  }
+}
+
+inline size_t G1ParScanThreadState::num_nmethods(uint region) const {
+  G1NmethodSet** nmethods = _nmethods_to_add.get(region);
+  return nmethods != nullptr ? (size_t)(*nmethods)->length() : 0;
+}
+
+template <typename Function>
+inline void G1ParScanThreadState::iterate_nmethods(uint index, Function fn) {
+  G1NmethodSet** nmethods = _nmethods_to_add.get(index);
+  if (nmethods == nullptr) {
+    return;
+  }
+  for (nmethod* nm : **nmethods) {
+    fn(nm);
+  }
+}
+
 template <typename T>
 inline void G1ParScanThreadState::remember_root_into_optional_region(T* p) {
   oop o = RawAccess<IS_NOT_NULL>::oop_load(p);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
index d271a8a610a..f9b1c182a38 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
@@ -913,7 +913,7 @@ G1CollectorState G1Policy::record_young_collection_end(bool concurrent_operation
     }
 
     // Update prediction for copy cost per byte
-    size_t copied_bytes = p->sum_thread_work_items(G1GCPhaseTimes::MergePSS, G1GCPhaseTimes::MergePSSCopiedBytes);
+    size_t copied_bytes = p->sum_thread_work_items(G1GCPhaseTimes::FlushPSS, G1GCPhaseTimes::FlushPSSCopiedBytes);
 
     if (copied_bytes > 0) {
       double avg_copy_time = average_time_ms(G1GCPhaseTimes::ObjCopy) + average_time_ms(G1GCPhaseTimes::OptObjCopy);
@@ -950,8 +950,8 @@ G1CollectorState G1Policy::record_young_collection_end(bool concurrent_operation
                           mutator_end_time,
                           pending_cards_from_refinement_table,
                           yield_duration_ms,
-                          phase_times()->sum_thread_work_items(G1GCPhaseTimes::MergePSS, G1GCPhaseTimes::MergePSSPendingCards),
-                          phase_times()->sum_thread_work_items(G1GCPhaseTimes::MergePSS, G1GCPhaseTimes::MergePSSToYoungGenCards));
+                          phase_times()->sum_thread_work_items(G1GCPhaseTimes::FlushPSS, G1GCPhaseTimes::FlushPSSPendingCards),
+                          phase_times()->sum_thread_work_items(G1GCPhaseTimes::FlushPSS, G1GCPhaseTimes::FlushPSSToYoungGenCards));
   }
 
   if (collector_state()->is_in_prepare_mixed_gc()) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp
index bcb50dcc98f..5f58ca2e053 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp
@@ -630,6 +630,8 @@ void G1RemSet::scan_collection_set_code_roots(G1ParScanThreadState* pss,
     // set regions for all threads.
     _g1h->collection_set_iterate_increment_from(&cl, worker_id);
 
+    pss->update_nmethod_regions_to_add();
+
     p->record_or_add_thread_work_item(coderoots_phase, worker_id, cl.code_roots_scanned(), G1GCPhaseTimes::CodeRootsScannedNMethods);
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RootClosures.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RootClosures.hpp
index 35ce038e1f8..c1c80655c91 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RootClosures.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RootClosures.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -42,6 +42,8 @@ class G1RootClosures : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
 
   // Applied to nmethods reachable as strong roots.
   virtual NMethodClosure* strong_nmethods() = 0;
+
+  virtual ~G1RootClosures() = default;
 };
 
 class G1EvacuationRootClosures : public G1RootClosures {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SharedClosures.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SharedClosures.hpp
index a81f62ff308..dc6ff646271 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SharedClosures.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SharedClosures.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class G1SharedClosures {
     _oops_in_cld(g1h, pss),
     _oops_in_nmethod(g1h, pss),
     _clds(&_oops_in_cld, process_only_dirty),
-    _nmethods(pss->worker_id(), &_oops_in_nmethod, should_mark) {}
+    _nmethods(pss->worker_id(), &_oops_in_nmethod, should_mark, pss) {}
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_GC_G1_G1SHAREDCLOSURES_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp
index 97378d0542e..e561252ab25 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp
@@ -54,12 +54,12 @@
 #include "utilities/bitMap.inline.hpp"
 #include "utilities/ticks.hpp"
 
-class G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask1::MergePssTask : public G1AbstractSubTask {
+class G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask1::FlushPssTask : public G1AbstractSubTask {
   G1ParScanThreadStateSet* _per_thread_states;
 
 public:
-  MergePssTask(G1ParScanThreadStateSet* per_thread_states) :
-    G1AbstractSubTask(G1GCPhaseTimes::MergePSS),
+  FlushPssTask(G1ParScanThreadStateSet* per_thread_states) :
+    G1AbstractSubTask(G1GCPhaseTimes::FlushPSS),
     _per_thread_states(per_thread_states) { }
 
   double worker_cost() const override { return 1.0; }
@@ -119,6 +119,58 @@ class G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask1::SampleCollectionSetCandidatesTask
   }
 };
 
+class G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask1::UpdateCodeRootsTask
+  : public G1AbstractSubTask
+{
+  class ProcessRegionClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
+    G1ParScanThreadStateSet* _psss;
+
+  public:
+    ProcessRegionClosure(G1ParScanThreadStateSet* psss) : _psss(psss) { }
+
+    bool do_heap_region(G1HeapRegion* r) override {
+      uint index = r->hrm_index();
+
+      size_t num_nmethods = 0;
+      for (uint i = 0; i < _psss->num_workers(); i++) {
+        G1ParScanThreadState* pss = _psss->state_for_worker(i);
+        num_nmethods += pss->num_nmethods(index);
+      }
+      if (num_nmethods != 0) {
+        // Notify the code root sets that we are going to add code roots.
+        r->rem_set()->prepare_for_adding_code_roots(num_nmethods);
+
+        // Add roots.
+        for (uint i = 0; i < _psss->num_workers(); i++) {
+          G1ParScanThreadState* pss = _psss->state_for_worker(i);
+          pss->iterate_nmethods(index, [&] (nmethod* nm) { r->add_code_root(nm); });
+        }
+      }
+      return false;
+    }
+  };
+
+  G1ParScanThreadStateSet* _psss;
+  G1HeapRegionClaimer _claimer;
+
+public:
+  UpdateCodeRootsTask(G1ParScanThreadStateSet* per_thread_states)
+    : G1AbstractSubTask(G1GCPhaseTimes::UpdateCodeRoots), _psss(per_thread_states), _claimer(0) { }
+
+  double worker_cost() const override {
+    return _psss->num_nmethod_regions_to_add();
+  }
+
+  void set_max_workers(uint max_workers) override {
+    _claimer.set_n_workers(max_workers);
+  }
+
+  void do_work(uint worker_id) override {
+    ProcessRegionClosure cl(_psss);
+    _psss->par_iterate_nmethod_regions_to_add(&cl, &_claimer, worker_id);
+  }
+};
+
 class G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask1::RestoreEvacFailureRegionsTask : public G1AbstractSubTask {
   G1CollectedHeap* _g1h;
   G1ConcurrentMark* _cm;
@@ -327,11 +379,13 @@ G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask1::G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask1
   bool evac_failed = evac_failure_regions->has_regions_evac_failed();
   bool alloc_failed = evac_failure_regions->has_regions_alloc_failed();
 
-  add_serial_task(new MergePssTask(per_thread_states));
+  add_serial_task(new FlushPssTask(per_thread_states));
   add_serial_task(new RecalculateUsedTask(evac_failed, alloc_failed));
   if (SampleCollectionSetCandidatesTask::should_execute()) {
     add_serial_task(new SampleCollectionSetCandidatesTask());
   }
+  add_parallel_task(new UpdateCodeRootsTask(per_thread_states));
+
   add_parallel_task(G1CollectedHeap::heap()->rem_set()->create_cleanup_after_scan_heap_roots_task());
   if (evac_failed) {
     add_parallel_task(new RestoreEvacFailureRegionsTask(evac_failure_regions));
@@ -871,21 +925,19 @@ class G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask2::ResizeTLABsAndSwapCardTableTask :
   }
 };
 
-class G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask2::ResetPartialArrayStateManagerTask
-  : public G1AbstractSubTask
-{
+class G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask2::DestroyPssTask : public G1AbstractSubTask {
+  G1ParScanThreadStateSet* _per_thread_states;
+
 public:
-  ResetPartialArrayStateManagerTask()
-    : G1AbstractSubTask(G1GCPhaseTimes::ResetPartialArrayStateManager)
-  {}
+  DestroyPssTask(G1ParScanThreadStateSet* per_thread_states) :
+    G1AbstractSubTask(G1GCPhaseTimes::DestroyPSS),
+    _per_thread_states(per_thread_states) { }
 
-  double worker_cost() const override {
-    return AlmostNoWork;
-  }
+  double worker_cost() const override { return 1.0; }
 
   void do_work(uint worker_id) override {
-    // This must be in phase2 cleanup, after phase1 has destroyed all of the
-    // associated allocators.
+    _per_thread_states->destroy_worker_states();
+    // This must be here after above destroyed the per-thread allocators.
     G1CollectedHeap::heap()->partial_array_state_manager()->reset();
   }
 };
@@ -901,7 +953,7 @@ G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask2::G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask2
   if (G1CollectedHeap::heap()->has_humongous_reclaim_candidates()) {
     add_serial_task(new EagerlyReclaimHumongousObjectsTask());
   }
-  add_serial_task(new ResetPartialArrayStateManagerTask());
+  add_serial_task(new DestroyPssTask(per_thread_states));
 
   if (evac_failure_regions->has_regions_evac_failed()) {
     add_parallel_task(new ProcessEvacuationFailedRegionsTask(evac_failure_regions));
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.hpp
index 557ce454c78..95d0fee6ad7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.hpp
@@ -35,16 +35,18 @@ class G1EvacInfo;
 class G1ParScanThreadStateSet;
 
 // First set of post evacuate collection set tasks containing ("s" means serial):
-// - Merge PSS (s)
+// - Flush PSS (s)
 // - Recalculate Used (s)
 // - Sample Collection Set Candidates (s)
 // - Clear Card Table
 // - Restore evac failure regions (on evacuation failure)
+// - Update code roots (for regions that need code roots to be added)
 class G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask1 : public G1BatchedTask {
-  class MergePssTask;
+  class FlushPssTask;
   class RecalculateUsedTask;
   class SampleCollectionSetCandidatesTask;
   class RestoreEvacFailureRegionsTask;
+  class UpdateCodeRootsTask;
 
 public:
   G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask1(G1ParScanThreadStateSet* per_thread_states,
@@ -54,10 +56,10 @@ class G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask1 : public G1BatchedTask {
 // Second set of post evacuate collection set tasks containing (s means serial):
 // - Eagerly Reclaim Humongous Objects (s)
 // - Update Derived Pointers (s)
+// - Destroy PSS (s) + Reset the reusable PartialArrayStateManager
 // - Clear Retained Region Data (on evacuation failure)
 // - Free Collection Set
 // - Resize TLABs and Swap Card Table
-// - Reset the reusable PartialArrayStateManager.
 class G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask2 : public G1BatchedTask {
   class EagerlyReclaimHumongousObjectsTask;
 #ifdef COMPILER2
@@ -67,7 +69,8 @@ class G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask2 : public G1BatchedTask {
   class ProcessEvacuationFailedRegionsTask;
   class FreeCollectionSetTask;
   class ResizeTLABsAndSwapCardTableTask;
-  class ResetPartialArrayStateManagerTask;
+
+  class DestroyPssTask;
 
 public:
   G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask2(G1ParScanThreadStateSet* per_thread_states,
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestGCLogMessages.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestGCLogMessages.java
index 68391893a32..16b73d4c354 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestGCLogMessages.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestGCLogMessages.java
@@ -170,7 +170,8 @@ public boolean isAvailable() {
 
         // Post Evacuate Cleanup 1
         new LogMessageWithLevel("Post Evacuate Cleanup 1:", Level.DEBUG),
-        new LogMessageWithLevel("Merge Per-Thread State \\(ms\\):", Level.DEBUG),
+        new LogMessageWithLevel("Flush Per-Thread State \\(ms\\):", Level.DEBUG),
+        new LogMessageWithLevel("Update Code Roots \\(ms\\):", Level.DEBUG),
         new LogMessageWithLevel("LAB Waste:", Level.DEBUG),
         new LogMessageWithLevel("LAB Undo Waste:", Level.DEBUG),
         new LogMessageWithLevel("Pending Cards:", Level.DEBUG),
@@ -188,7 +189,7 @@ public boolean isAvailable() {
         new LogMessageWithLevel("Serial Free Collection Set:", Level.TRACE),
         new LogMessageWithLevel("Young Free Collection Set \\(ms\\):", Level.TRACE),
         new LogMessageWithLevel("Non-Young Free Collection Set \\(ms\\):", Level.TRACE),
-        new LogMessageWithLevel("Reset Partial Array State Manager \\(ms\\)", Level.TRACE),
+        new LogMessageWithLevel("Destroy Per-Thread State \\(ms\\):", Level.TRACE),
 
         // Misc Top-level
         new LogMessageWithLevel("Rebuild Free List:", Level.DEBUG),
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/event/gc/collection/TestG1ParallelPhases.java b/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/event/gc/collection/TestG1ParallelPhases.java
index d69d47f1911..cde561a68e7 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/event/gc/collection/TestG1ParallelPhases.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/event/gc/collection/TestG1ParallelPhases.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -107,9 +107,10 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
             "FreeCSet",
             "UpdateDerivedPointers",
             "EagerlyReclaimHumongousObjects",
-            "ResetPartialArrayStateManager",
             "ClearPendingCards",
-            "MergePSS",
+            "FlushPSS",
+            "DestroyPSS",
+            "UpdateCodeRoots",
             "NonYoungFreeCSet",
             "YoungFreeCSet",
             "RebuildFreeList",

From dca8681fb737a9a71ddb06169f6202ac1cf64be3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jorn Vernee <jvernee@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 8 Jul 2026 15:24:43 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 179/707] 8386848: testBool in
 java/foreign/normalize/TestNormalize.java fails on Zero VM with expected
 [true] but found [false]

Reviewed-by: mcimadamore, vlivanov
---
 .../modules/GensrcStreamPreProcessing.gmk     |   2 +-
 .../java.base/gensrc/GensrcVarHandles.gmk     |   2 +-
 .../X-VarHandleSegmentView.java.template      | 162 ++++++++++--------
 test/jdk/ProblemList.txt                      |   2 -
 .../TestNormalizeBooleanVarHandle.java        |  93 ++++++++++
 5 files changed, 182 insertions(+), 79 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/java/foreign/normalize/TestNormalizeBooleanVarHandle.java

diff --git a/make/common/modules/GensrcStreamPreProcessing.gmk b/make/common/modules/GensrcStreamPreProcessing.gmk
index a48e3c98d4b..eb92ed99ed4 100644
--- a/make/common/modules/GensrcStreamPreProcessing.gmk
+++ b/make/common/modules/GensrcStreamPreProcessing.gmk
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ Conv_A = \
 
 # Return integer type with same size as the type
 Conv_memtype = \
-  $(if $(filter float, $1), int, $(if $(filter double, $1), long, $1))
+  $(if $(filter float, $1), int, $(if $(filter double, $1), long, $(if $(filter boolean, $1), byte, $1)))
 
 # Return capitalized integer type with same size as the type
 Conv_Memtype = \
diff --git a/make/modules/java.base/gensrc/GensrcVarHandles.gmk b/make/modules/java.base/gensrc/GensrcVarHandles.gmk
index 341a8c9dc2c..4b1697fd354 100644
--- a/make/modules/java.base/gensrc/GensrcVarHandles.gmk
+++ b/make/modules/java.base/gensrc/GensrcVarHandles.gmk
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ define GenerateVarHandleMemorySegment
     $1_KEYS += CAS
   endif
   ifneq ($$(filter boolean byte, $1),)
-    $1_KEYS += byte
+    $1_KEYS += ByteOrBoolean
   endif
   ifneq ($$(filter float double, $1),)
     $1_KEYS += floatingPoint
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/X-VarHandleSegmentView.java.template b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/X-VarHandleSegmentView.java.template
index aa8c7b28617..0147810cb4e 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/X-VarHandleSegmentView.java.template
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/X-VarHandleSegmentView.java.template
@@ -33,20 +33,20 @@ import static java.lang.invoke.SegmentVarHandle.*;
 
 #warn
 
-{#if[byte]?final:sealed} class VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$s {
+{#if[ByteOrBoolean]?final:sealed} class VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$s {
 
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
     static final int NON_PLAIN_ACCESS_MIN_ALIGN_MASK = $BoxType$.BYTES - 1;
 
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
     static VarForm selectForm(long alignmentMask, boolean constantOffset) {
-#if[byte]
+#if[ByteOrBoolean]
         return constantOffset ? CONSTANT_OFFSET_FORM : VARIABLE_OFFSET_FORM;
-#else[byte]
+#else[ByteOrBoolean]
         return (alignmentMask & NON_PLAIN_ACCESS_MIN_ALIGN_MASK) != NON_PLAIN_ACCESS_MIN_ALIGN_MASK ?
                 (constantOffset ? CONSTANT_OFFSET_FORM : VARIABLE_OFFSET_FORM) :
                 (constantOffset ? VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$sAligned.CONSTANT_OFFSET_FORM : VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$sAligned.VARIABLE_OFFSET_FORM);
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
     }
 
     static final VarForm CONSTANT_OFFSET_FORM = new VarForm(VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$s.class, MemorySegment.class, $type$.class, long.class);
@@ -70,16 +70,16 @@ import static java.lang.invoke.SegmentVarHandle.*;
                 handle.be);
         return $Type$.$rawType$BitsTo$Type$(rawValue);
 #else[floatingPoint]
-#if[byte]
-        return SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.get$Type$(bb.sessionImpl(),
+#if[ByteOrBoolean]
+        return SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.get$RawType$(bb.sessionImpl(),
                 bb.unsafeGetBase(),
-                offset(bb, base, offset));
-#else[byte]
+                offset(bb, base, offset)){#if[boolean]? != 0};
+#else[ByteOrBoolean]
         return SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.get$Type$Unaligned(bb.sessionImpl(),
                 bb.unsafeGetBase(),
                 offset(bb, base, offset),
                 handle.be);
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
 #end[floatingPoint]
     }
 
@@ -99,21 +99,21 @@ import static java.lang.invoke.SegmentVarHandle.*;
                 $Type$.$type$ToRaw$RawType$Bits(value),
                 handle.be);
 #else[floatingPoint]
-#if[byte]
+#if[ByteOrBoolean]
         SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.put$Type$(bb.sessionImpl(),
                 bb.unsafeGetBase(),
                 offset(bb, base, offset),
                 value);
-#else[byte]
+#else[ByteOrBoolean]
         SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.put$Type$Unaligned(bb.sessionImpl(),
                 bb.unsafeGetBase(),
                 offset(bb, base, offset),
                 value,
                 handle.be);
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
 #end[floatingPoint]
     }
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
 }
 
 // This class must be accessed through non-aligned VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$s
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ final class VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$sAligned extends VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$s {
     static final VarForm VARIABLE_OFFSET_FORM = new VarForm(VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$sAligned.class, VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$s.VARIABLE_OFFSET_FORM);
 
     VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$sAligned() { throw new AssertionError(); }
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
 
 #if[floatingPoint]
     @ForceInline
@@ -138,17 +138,29 @@ final class VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$sAligned extends VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$s {
         return $Type$.$rawType$BitsTo$Type$(rv);
     }
 #else[floatingPoint]
-#if[byte]
+#if[ByteOrBoolean]
+#if[boolean]
+    @ForceInline
+    static $rawType$ convEndian(boolean big, $type$ v) {
+        return (byte) (v ? 1 : 0);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static $type$ convEndian(boolean big, $rawType$ n) {
+        return n != 0;
+    }
+#else[boolean]
     @ForceInline
     static $type$ convEndian(boolean big, $type$ n) {
         return n;
     }
-#else[byte]
+#end[boolean]
+#else[ByteOrBoolean]
     @ForceInline
     static $type$ convEndian(boolean big, $type$ n) {
         return big == BE ? n : $BoxType$.reverseBytes(n);
     }
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
 #end[floatingPoint]
 
     @ForceInline
@@ -424,18 +436,18 @@ final class VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$sAligned extends VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$s {
     static $type$ getAndAdd(VarHandle ob, Object obb, long base, long offset, $type$ delta) {
         SegmentVarHandle handle = (SegmentVarHandle)ob;
         AbstractMemorySegmentImpl bb = handle.checkSegment(obb, base, false);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         if (handle.be == BE) {
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
             return SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.getAndAdd$RawType$(bb.sessionImpl(),
                     bb.unsafeGetBase(),
                     offset(bb, base, offset),
                     delta);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         } else {
             return getAndAddConvEndianWithCAS(bb, offset(bb, base, offset), delta);
         }
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
     }
 
     @ForceInline
@@ -447,18 +459,18 @@ final class VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$sAligned extends VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$s {
     static $type$ getAndAddAcquire(VarHandle ob, Object obb, long base, long offset, $type$ delta) {
         SegmentVarHandle handle = (SegmentVarHandle)ob;
         AbstractMemorySegmentImpl bb = handle.checkSegment(obb, base, false);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         if (handle.be == BE) {
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
             return SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.getAndAdd$RawType$Acquire(bb.sessionImpl(),
                     bb.unsafeGetBase(),
                     offset(bb, base, offset),
                     delta);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         } else {
             return getAndAddConvEndianWithCAS(bb, offset(bb, base, offset), delta);
         }
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
     }
 
     @ForceInline
@@ -470,20 +482,20 @@ final class VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$sAligned extends VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$s {
     static $type$ getAndAddRelease(VarHandle ob, Object obb, long base, long offset, $type$ delta) {
         SegmentVarHandle handle = (SegmentVarHandle)ob;
         AbstractMemorySegmentImpl bb = handle.checkSegment(obb, base, false);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         if (handle.be == BE) {
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
             return SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.getAndAdd$RawType$Release(bb.sessionImpl(),
                     bb.unsafeGetBase(),
                     offset(bb, base, offset),
                     delta);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         } else {
             return getAndAddConvEndianWithCAS(bb, offset(bb, base, offset), delta);
         }
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
     }
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
 
     @ForceInline
     static $type$ getAndAddConvEndianWithCAS(AbstractMemorySegmentImpl  bb, long offset, $type$ delta) {
@@ -496,7 +508,7 @@ final class VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$sAligned extends VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$s {
                 nativeExpectedValue, $RawBoxType$.reverseBytes({#if[ShorterThanInt]?($type$) }(expectedValue + delta))));
         return expectedValue;
     }
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
 #end[AtomicAdd]
 #if[Bitwise]
 
@@ -509,18 +521,18 @@ final class VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$sAligned extends VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$s {
     static $type$ getAndBitwiseOr(VarHandle ob, Object obb, long base, long offset, $type$ value) {
         SegmentVarHandle handle = (SegmentVarHandle)ob;
         AbstractMemorySegmentImpl bb = handle.checkSegment(obb, base, false);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         if (handle.be == BE) {
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
             return SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.getAndBitwiseOr$RawType$(bb.sessionImpl(),
                     bb.unsafeGetBase(),
                     offset(bb, base, offset),
                     value);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         } else {
             return getAndBitwiseOrConvEndianWithCAS(bb, offset(bb, base, offset), value);
         }
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
     }
 
     @ForceInline
@@ -532,18 +544,18 @@ final class VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$sAligned extends VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$s {
     static $type$ getAndBitwiseOrRelease(VarHandle ob, Object obb, long base, long offset, $type$ value) {
         SegmentVarHandle handle = (SegmentVarHandle)ob;
         AbstractMemorySegmentImpl bb = handle.checkSegment(obb, base, false);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         if (handle.be == BE) {
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
             return SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.getAndBitwiseOr$RawType$Release(bb.sessionImpl(),
                     bb.unsafeGetBase(),
                     offset(bb, base, offset),
                     value);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         } else {
             return getAndBitwiseOrConvEndianWithCAS(bb, offset(bb, base, offset), value);
         }
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
     }
 
     @ForceInline
@@ -555,20 +567,20 @@ final class VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$sAligned extends VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$s {
     static $type$ getAndBitwiseOrAcquire(VarHandle ob, Object obb, long base, long offset, $type$ value) {
         SegmentVarHandle handle = (SegmentVarHandle)ob;
         AbstractMemorySegmentImpl bb = handle.checkSegment(obb, base, false);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         if (handle.be == BE) {
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
             return SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.getAndBitwiseOr$RawType$Acquire(bb.sessionImpl(),
                     bb.unsafeGetBase(),
                     offset(bb, base, offset),
                     value);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         } else {
             return getAndBitwiseOrConvEndianWithCAS(bb, offset(bb, base, offset), value);
         }
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
     }
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
 
     @ForceInline
     static $type$ getAndBitwiseOrConvEndianWithCAS(AbstractMemorySegmentImpl  bb, long offset, $type$ value) {
@@ -581,7 +593,7 @@ final class VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$sAligned extends VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$s {
                 nativeExpectedValue, $RawBoxType$.reverseBytes({#if[ShorterThanInt]?($type$) }(expectedValue | value))));
         return expectedValue;
     }
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
 
     @ForceInline
     static $type$ getAndBitwiseAnd(VarHandle ob, Object obb, long base, $type$ value) {
@@ -592,18 +604,18 @@ final class VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$sAligned extends VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$s {
     static $type$ getAndBitwiseAnd(VarHandle ob, Object obb, long base, long offset, $type$ value) {
         SegmentVarHandle handle = (SegmentVarHandle)ob;
         AbstractMemorySegmentImpl bb = handle.checkSegment(obb, base, false);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         if (handle.be == BE) {
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
             return SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.getAndBitwiseAnd$RawType$(bb.sessionImpl(),
                     bb.unsafeGetBase(),
                     offset(bb, base, offset),
                     value);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         } else {
             return getAndBitwiseAndConvEndianWithCAS(bb, offset(bb, base, offset), value);
         }
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
     }
 
     @ForceInline
@@ -615,18 +627,18 @@ final class VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$sAligned extends VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$s {
     static $type$ getAndBitwiseAndRelease(VarHandle ob, Object obb, long base, long offset, $type$ value) {
         SegmentVarHandle handle = (SegmentVarHandle)ob;
         AbstractMemorySegmentImpl bb = handle.checkSegment(obb, base, false);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         if (handle.be == BE) {
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
             return SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.getAndBitwiseAnd$RawType$Release(bb.sessionImpl(),
                     bb.unsafeGetBase(),
                     offset(bb, base, offset),
                     value);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         } else {
             return getAndBitwiseAndConvEndianWithCAS(bb, offset(bb, base, offset), value);
         }
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
     }
 
     @ForceInline
@@ -639,20 +651,20 @@ final class VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$sAligned extends VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$s {
     static $type$ getAndBitwiseAndAcquire(VarHandle ob, Object obb, long base, long offset, $type$ value) {
         SegmentVarHandle handle = (SegmentVarHandle)ob;
         AbstractMemorySegmentImpl bb = handle.checkSegment(obb, base, false);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         if (handle.be == BE) {
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
             return SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.getAndBitwiseAnd$RawType$Acquire(bb.sessionImpl(),
                     bb.unsafeGetBase(),
                     offset(bb, base, offset),
                     value);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         } else {
             return getAndBitwiseAndConvEndianWithCAS(bb, offset(bb, base, offset), value);
         }
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
     }
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
 
     @ForceInline
     static $type$ getAndBitwiseAndConvEndianWithCAS(AbstractMemorySegmentImpl  bb, long offset, $type$ value) {
@@ -665,7 +677,7 @@ final class VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$sAligned extends VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$s {
                 nativeExpectedValue, $RawBoxType$.reverseBytes({#if[ShorterThanInt]?($type$) }(expectedValue & value))));
         return expectedValue;
     }
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
 
     @ForceInline
     static $type$ getAndBitwiseXor(VarHandle ob, Object obb, long base, $type$ value) {
@@ -676,18 +688,18 @@ final class VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$sAligned extends VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$s {
     static $type$ getAndBitwiseXor(VarHandle ob, Object obb, long base, long offset, $type$ value) {
         SegmentVarHandle handle = (SegmentVarHandle)ob;
         AbstractMemorySegmentImpl bb = handle.checkSegment(obb, base, false);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         if (handle.be == BE) {
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
             return SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.getAndBitwiseXor$RawType$(bb.sessionImpl(),
                     bb.unsafeGetBase(),
                     offset(bb, base, offset),
                     value);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         } else {
             return getAndBitwiseXorConvEndianWithCAS(bb, offset(bb, base, offset), value);
         }
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
     }
 
     @ForceInline
@@ -699,18 +711,18 @@ final class VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$sAligned extends VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$s {
     static $type$ getAndBitwiseXorRelease(VarHandle ob, Object obb, long base, long offset, $type$ value) {
         SegmentVarHandle handle = (SegmentVarHandle)ob;
         AbstractMemorySegmentImpl bb = handle.checkSegment(obb, base, false);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         if (handle.be == BE) {
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
             return SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.getAndBitwiseXor$RawType$Release(bb.sessionImpl(),
                     bb.unsafeGetBase(),
                     offset(bb, base, offset),
                     value);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         } else {
             return getAndBitwiseXorConvEndianWithCAS(bb, offset(bb, base, offset), value);
         }
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
     }
 
     @ForceInline
@@ -722,20 +734,20 @@ final class VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$sAligned extends VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$s {
     static $type$ getAndBitwiseXorAcquire(VarHandle ob, Object obb, long base, long offset, $type$ value) {
         SegmentVarHandle handle = (SegmentVarHandle)ob;
         AbstractMemorySegmentImpl bb = handle.checkSegment(obb, base, false);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         if (handle.be == BE) {
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
             return SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.getAndBitwiseXor$RawType$Acquire(bb.sessionImpl(),
                     bb.unsafeGetBase(),
                     offset(bb, base, offset),
                     value);
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
         } else {
             return getAndBitwiseXorConvEndianWithCAS(bb, offset(bb, base, offset), value);
         }
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
     }
-#if[!byte]
+#if[!ByteOrBoolean]
 
     @ForceInline
     static $type$ getAndBitwiseXorConvEndianWithCAS(AbstractMemorySegmentImpl  bb, long offset, $type$ value) {
@@ -748,6 +760,6 @@ final class VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$sAligned extends VarHandleSegmentAs$Type$s {
                 nativeExpectedValue, $RawBoxType$.reverseBytes({#if[ShorterThanInt]?($type$) }(expectedValue ^ value))));
         return expectedValue;
     }
-#end[byte]
+#end[ByteOrBoolean]
 #end[Bitwise]
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt b/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
index 5e730af92b0..fcde1d9c01d 100644
--- a/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
@@ -648,8 +648,6 @@ jdk/jfr/event/oldobject/TestZ.java                              8375615 generic-
 
 # jdk_foreign
 
-java/foreign/normalize/TestNormalize.java 8386848 generic-all
-
 ############################################################################
 # Client manual tests
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/foreign/normalize/TestNormalizeBooleanVarHandle.java b/test/jdk/java/foreign/normalize/TestNormalizeBooleanVarHandle.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..acca0d095c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/foreign/normalize/TestNormalizeBooleanVarHandle.java
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @run testng TestNormalizeBooleanVarHandle
+ */
+
+import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
+import org.testng.annotations.Test;
+
+import java.lang.foreign.Arena;
+import java.lang.foreign.MemorySegment;
+import java.lang.invoke.VarHandle;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.function.Function;
+import java.util.function.Predicate;
+
+import static java.lang.foreign.ValueLayout.*;
+import static org.testng.Assert.*;
+
+// test normalization of smaller than int primitive types
+public class TestNormalizeBooleanVarHandle {
+
+    static final VarHandle VH = JAVA_BOOLEAN.varHandle();
+
+    @Test(dataProvider = "bools")
+    public void testBool(Function<Arena, MemorySegment> segmentFactory, Predicate<MemorySegment> accessor,
+                         byte testValue, boolean expected) {
+        try (Arena arena = Arena.ofConfined()) {
+            MemorySegment ms = segmentFactory.apply(arena);
+            ms.set(JAVA_BYTE, 0L, testValue);
+
+            boolean b = accessor.test(ms);
+            assertEquals(b, expected);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @DataProvider
+    public static Object[][] bools() {
+        List<Object[]> cases = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (Function<Arena, MemorySegment> segmentFactory : factories()) {
+            for (Predicate<MemorySegment> accessor : accessors()) {
+                cases.add(new Object[]{ segmentFactory, accessor,
+                        (byte) 0b0 , false }); // canonical false
+                cases.add(new Object[]{ segmentFactory, accessor,
+                        (byte) 0b01, true  }); // canonical true
+                cases.add(new Object[]{ segmentFactory, accessor,
+                        (byte) 0b10, true  }); // zero least significant bit, but non-zero first byte
+            }
+        }
+
+        return cases.toArray(Object[][]::new);
+    }
+
+    private static List<Function<Arena, MemorySegment>> factories() {
+        return List.of(
+            a -> a.allocate(JAVA_BYTE),
+            _ -> MemorySegment.ofArray(new byte[1])
+        );
+    }
+
+    private static List<Predicate<MemorySegment>> accessors() {
+        return List.of(
+            ms -> ms.get(JAVA_BOOLEAN, 0L),
+            ms -> (boolean) VH.get(ms, 0L),
+            ms -> (boolean) VH.getVolatile(ms, 0L),
+            ms -> (boolean) VH.getAcquire(ms, 0L),
+            ms -> (boolean) VH.getOpaque(ms, 0L)
+        );
+    }
+}

From 2130e2555b45f3d53602ab19433f4562458bbd43 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 8 Jul 2026 16:14:12 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 180/707] 8387707: Shenandoah: Simplify reserved queue handling
 in mark loop

Reviewed-by: kdnilsen, xpeng
---
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.cpp    | 65 ++++++++++---------
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.hpp    |  4 ++
 2 files changed, 38 insertions(+), 31 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.cpp
index a72c557a5fe..fc508dddd84 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.cpp
@@ -57,12 +57,17 @@ ShenandoahMark::ShenandoahMark(ShenandoahGeneration* generation) :
 
 template <ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION, bool CANCELLABLE, bool STRING_DEDUP>
 void ShenandoahMark::mark_loop_prework(uint w, TaskTerminator *t, StringDedup::Requests* const req, bool update_refs) {
+  ShenandoahObjToScanQueueSet* queues = task_queues();
   ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q = get_queue(w);
   ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* old_q = get_old_queue(w);
   ShenandoahReferenceProcessor *rp = _generation->ref_processor();
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   ShenandoahLiveData* ld = heap->get_liveness_cache(w);
 
+  // Take outstanding work from queues not covered by current workers.
+  // We expect there is little work in those queues.
+  mark_drain_extra_queues<CANCELLABLE>(queues, q);
+
   // TODO: We can clean up this if we figure out how to do templated oop closures that
   // play nice with specialized_oop_iterators.
   if (update_refs) {
@@ -120,53 +125,51 @@ void ShenandoahMark::mark_loop(uint worker_id, TaskTerminator* terminator, Shena
   }
 }
 
-template <class T, ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION, bool CANCELLABLE, bool STRING_DEDUP>
-void ShenandoahMark::mark_loop_work(T* cl, ShenandoahLiveData* live_data, uint worker_id, TaskTerminator *terminator, StringDedup::Requests* const req) {
+template <bool CANCELLABLE>
+void ShenandoahMark::mark_drain_extra_queues(ShenandoahObjToScanQueueSet* queues, ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* local_q) {
   uintx stride = ShenandoahMarkLoopStride;
 
   ShenandoahHeap* heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
-  ShenandoahObjToScanQueueSet* queues = task_queues();
-  ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q;
   ShenandoahMarkTask t;
 
-  assert(_generation->type() == GENERATION, "Sanity: %d != %d", _generation->type(), GENERATION);
-  _generation->ref_processor()->set_mark_closure(worker_id, cl);
-
-  /*
-   * Process outstanding queues, if any.
-   *
-   * There can be more queues than workers. To deal with the imbalance, we claim
-   * extra queues first. Since marking can push new tasks into the queue associated
-   * with this worker id, we come back to process this queue in the normal loop.
-   */
   assert(queues->get_reserved() == heap->workers()->active_workers(),
-         "Need to reserve proper number of queues: reserved: %u, active: %u", queues->get_reserved(), heap->workers()->active_workers());
+         "Safety: claimable queues do not intersect with worker queues: %u == %u",
+         queues->get_reserved(), heap->workers()->active_workers());
 
-  q = queues->claim_next();
+  ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q = queues->claim_next();
   while (q != nullptr) {
-    if (CANCELLABLE && heap->check_cancelled_gc_and_yield()) {
-      return;
-    }
-
-    for (uint i = 0; i < stride; i++) {
-      if (q->pop(t)) {
-        do_task<T, GENERATION, STRING_DEDUP>(q, cl, live_data, req, &t, worker_id);
-      } else {
-        assert(q->is_empty(), "Must be empty");
-        q = queues->claim_next();
-        break;
+    while (!q->is_empty()) {
+      if (CANCELLABLE && heap->check_cancelled_gc_and_yield()) {
+        return;
+      }
+      for (uint i = 0; i < stride; i++) {
+        if (q->pop(t)) {
+          local_q->push(t);
+        } else {
+          break;
+        }
       }
     }
+    q = queues->claim_next();
   }
-  q = get_queue(worker_id);
+}
+
+template <class T, ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION, bool CANCELLABLE, bool STRING_DEDUP>
+void ShenandoahMark::mark_loop_work(T* cl, ShenandoahLiveData* live_data, uint worker_id, TaskTerminator *terminator, StringDedup::Requests* const req) {
+  uintx stride = ShenandoahMarkLoopStride;
+
+  ShenandoahHeap* heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
+  ShenandoahObjToScanQueueSet* queues = task_queues();
+  ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q = get_queue(worker_id);
   ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* old_q = get_old_queue(worker_id);
+  ShenandoahMarkTask t;
+
+  assert(_generation->type() == GENERATION, "Sanity: %d != %d", _generation->type(), GENERATION);
+  _generation->ref_processor()->set_mark_closure(worker_id, cl);
 
   ShenandoahSATBBufferClosure<GENERATION> drain_satb(q, old_q);
   SATBMarkQueueSet& satb_mq_set = ShenandoahBarrierSet::satb_mark_queue_set();
 
-  /*
-   * Normal marking loop:
-   */
   while (true) {
     if (CANCELLABLE && heap->check_cancelled_gc_and_yield()) {
       return;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.hpp
index 1ba2cd067b6..69d792d0277 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.hpp
@@ -109,6 +109,10 @@ class ShenandoahMark: public StackObj {
   NOINLINE // Main hot loop, start inlining from here
   void mark_loop_work(T* cl, ShenandoahLiveData* live_data, uint worker_id, TaskTerminator *t, StringDedup::Requests* const req);
 
+  template <bool CANCELLABLE>
+  NOINLINE // Utility loop, maybe hot, start inlining from here
+  void mark_drain_extra_queues(ShenandoahObjToScanQueueSet* queues, ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* local_q);
+
 protected:
   template<bool CANCELLABLE, bool STRING_DEDUP>
   void mark_loop(uint worker_id, TaskTerminator* terminator, ShenandoahGenerationType generation_type,

From 1911bd7782e075f01eca7578c07d3f805c41c21d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Boris Ulasevich <bulasevich@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 8 Jul 2026 18:05:14 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 181/707] 8378719: CompiledDirectCall::set_to_interpreted()
 fails with guarantee(chk == -1 || chk == 0) failed: Field too big for insn

Reviewed-by: eastigeevich, dlong
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad            |   8 +-
 .../cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp    |  14 +-
 .../cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp    |  19 +--
 .../codecache/TestNonNMethodHeapOverflow.java | 138 ++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 156 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/codecache/TestNonNMethodHeapOverflow.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad
index 05e4321b663..be9d79d03c7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad
@@ -1198,8 +1198,12 @@ class HandlerImpl {
   static int emit_deopt_handler(C2_MacroAssembler* masm);
 
   static uint size_deopt_handler() {
-    // count one branch instruction and one far call instruction sequence
-    return NativeInstruction::instruction_size + MacroAssembler::far_codestub_branch_size();
+    bool use_far_branch = MacroAssembler::target_needs_far_branch(SharedRuntime::deopt_blob()->unpack());
+    // far: adrp, add, blr; near: bl
+    uint target_branch_instructions = use_far_branch ? 3 : 1;
+    // target branch + one branch instruction
+    uint deopt_handler_instructions = target_branch_instructions + 1;
+    return deopt_handler_instructions * NativeInstruction::instruction_size;
   }
 };
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 62a6f61599c..f2208aa0ad6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -622,20 +622,18 @@ void MacroAssembler::set_last_Java_frame(Register last_java_sp,
   }
 }
 
-static inline bool target_needs_far_branch(address addr) {
+bool MacroAssembler::target_needs_far_branch(address addr) {
   if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
     return true;
   }
-  // codecache size <= 128M
-  if (!MacroAssembler::far_branches()) {
+  if (!far_branches()) {
     return false;
   }
-  // codecache size > 240M
-  if (MacroAssembler::codestub_branch_needs_far_jump()) {
-    return true;
+  if (CodeCache::is_non_nmethod(addr) &&
+      CodeCache::max_distance_to_non_nmethod() <= branch_range) {
+    return false;
   }
-  // codecache size: 128M..240M
-  return !CodeCache::is_non_nmethod(addr);
+  return true;
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::far_call(Address entry, Register tmp) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
index 740b783cbd4..b39596aab53 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
@@ -1354,15 +1354,16 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   static bool far_branches() {
     return ReservedCodeCacheSize > branch_range;
   }
-
-  // Check if branches to the non nmethod section require a far jump
+  // Check if the static call stub branch needs a far jump.
   static bool codestub_branch_needs_far_jump() {
     if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
-      // To calculate far_codestub_branch_size correctly.
+      // To calculate static_call_stub_size correctly.
       return true;
     }
-    return CodeCache::max_distance_to_non_nmethod() > branch_range;
+    return far_branches();
   }
+  // Check if a branch to the given address needs a far jump.
+  static bool target_needs_far_branch(address addr);
 
   // Emit a direct call/jump if the entry address will always be in range,
   // otherwise a far call/jump.
@@ -1374,18 +1375,10 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   // In the case of a far call/jump, the entry address is put in the tmp register.
   // The tmp register is invalidated.
   //
-  // Far_jump returns the amount of the emitted code.
   void far_call(Address entry, Register tmp = rscratch1);
+  // Far_jump returns the amount of the emitted code.
   int far_jump(Address entry, Register tmp = rscratch1);
 
-  static int far_codestub_branch_size() {
-    if (codestub_branch_needs_far_jump()) {
-      return 3 * 4;  // adrp, add, br
-    } else {
-      return 4;
-    }
-  }
-
   // Emit the CompiledIC call idiom
   address ic_call(address entry, jint method_index = 0);
   static int ic_check_size();
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/codecache/TestNonNMethodHeapOverflow.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/codecache/TestNonNMethodHeapOverflow.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..27562575459
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/codecache/TestNonNMethodHeapOverflow.java
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8378719
+ * @summary Reproduces a RuntimeStub::resolve_static_call_blob pd_patch_instruction_size guarantee
+ *          - forces adapters to be allocated outside the NonNMethod heap
+ *          - puts c2i adapter and compiled method at 128+ MB distance
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @requires os.arch == "aarch64"
+ * @requires vm.debug == false
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=240M
+ *                   -XX:NonNMethodCodeHeapSize=8M
+ *                   -XX:ProfiledCodeHeapSize=116M
+ *                   -XX:NonProfiledCodeHeapSize=116M
+ *                   -XX:CodeCacheMinBlockLength=1
+ *                   -XX:CodeCacheSegmentSize=128
+ *                   -XX:-UseCodeCacheFlushing
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.codecache.TestNonNMethodHeapOverflowTarget::a
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=exclude,compiler.codecache.TestNonNMethodHeapOverflowTarget::a
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.codecache.TestNonNMethodHeapOverflowTarget::b
+ *                   compiler.codecache.TestNonNMethodHeapOverflow
+ */
+
+package compiler.codecache;
+
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.code.BlobType;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.code.CodeBlob;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.code.NMethod;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+public class TestNonNMethodHeapOverflow {
+    private static final WhiteBox WB = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+    private static final int HEAP_BLOCK_HEADER_SIZE = 8;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        WB.lockCompilation();
+
+        BlobType blobType;
+        int blobSize = 1024;
+        int allocSize = blobSize - HEAP_BLOCK_HEADER_SIZE;
+        // fill the NonNMethod heap
+        do {
+            long addr = WB.allocateCodeBlob(allocSize, BlobType.NonNMethod.id);
+            if (addr == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Failed to allocate in BlobType.NonNMethod");
+            }
+            blobType = CodeBlob.getCodeBlob(addr).code_blob_type;
+        } while (blobType == BlobType.NonNMethod);
+
+        if (blobType != BlobType.MethodNonProfiled) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("NonNMethod->NonProfiled fallback mechanism was changed? Need to update the test");
+        }
+
+        long heapSize = BlobType.MethodNonProfiled.getSize();
+        int allocated = 0;
+        // fill the first half of NonProfiled heap
+        while (allocated < heapSize / 2) {
+            long addr = WB.allocateCodeBlob(allocSize, BlobType.MethodNonProfiled.id);
+            if (addr == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Failed to allocate in MethodNonProfiled");
+            }
+            allocated += blobSize;
+        }
+
+        WB.unlockCompilation();
+
+        // loading triggers i2c/c2i adapter generation; NonNMethod heap is full, adapters go into a middle of NonProfiled heap
+        Class<?> c = Class.forName("compiler.codecache.TestNonNMethodHeapOverflowTarget");
+        Method methodB = c.getDeclaredMethod("b");
+        methodB.invoke(null);
+
+        // compile b() at level 2 so the nmethod goes into the beginning of Profiled heap
+        int compLevel = 2;
+        WB.enqueueMethodForCompilation(methodB, compLevel);
+        while (WB.isMethodQueuedForCompilation(methodB)) {
+            Thread.sleep(100);
+        }
+        if (WB.getMethodCompilationLevel(methodB) != compLevel) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("b() is not compiled at the compilation level " + compLevel +
+                                            ". Got: " + WB.getMethodCompilationLevel(methodB));
+        }
+
+        // The distance from the static call stub in nmethod to the c2i adapter exceeds 128MB (AArch64 near-branch range):
+        //
+        //  |        Profiled                | NonNMethod |       NonProfiled              |
+        //   -------------------------------- ------------ --------------------------------
+        //  |[nmethod]                       |############|################[c2i]           |
+
+        NMethod nm = NMethod.get(methodB, false);
+        System.out.println("b() at 0x" + Long.toHexString(nm.address) + " heap=" + nm.code_blob_type);
+        if (nm.code_blob_type != BlobType.MethodProfiled) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("b() is expected to be in MethodProfiled heap, got: " + nm.code_blob_type);
+        }
+
+        // invoke compiled b(): triggers resolve_static_call_blob to patch the static call stub
+        // in nmethod to point to the c2i adapter for a()
+        methodB.invoke(null);
+    }
+}
+
+class TestNonNMethodHeapOverflowTarget {
+    static float a(float f1, double d1, long l1, int i1, float f2, double d2) {
+        return f1;
+    }
+    static float b() {
+        return a(1.0f, 2.0, 3L, 4, 5.0f, 6.0);
+    }
+}

From d5dcbe860da9adf41f2ed0ecbb6f5aa17468d0ee Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 8 Jul 2026 21:25:57 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 182/707] 8387907: Shenandoah: Marking loop prefetch

Reviewed-by: wkemper, xpeng, stuefe
---
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.inline.hpp   |  3 +-
 .../shenandoah/shenandoahPrefetch.inline.hpp  | 77 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 79 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPrefetch.inline.hpp

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.inline.hpp
index 72129ff9e14..8a7ce7ea831 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.inline.hpp
@@ -37,13 +37,13 @@
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMarkingContext.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPrefetch.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahScanRemembered.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahTaskqueue.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.hpp"
 #include "memory/iterator.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/compressedOops.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
-#include "runtime/prefetch.inline.hpp"
 #include "utilities/devirtualizer.inline.hpp"
 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
 
@@ -365,6 +365,7 @@ inline void ShenandoahMark::mark_ref(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q,
     marked = mark_context->mark_strong(obj, /* was_upgraded = */ skip_live);
   }
   if (marked) {
+    ShenandoahPrefetch::prefetch(obj);
     bool pushed = q->push(ShenandoahMarkTask(obj, skip_live, weak));
     assert(pushed, "overflow queue should always succeed pushing");
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPrefetch.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPrefetch.inline.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..35aa297e629
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPrefetch.inline.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHPREFETCH_INLINE_HPP
+#define SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHPREFETCH_INLINE_HPP
+
+// No shenandoahPrefetch.hpp
+
+#include "memory/allStatic.hpp"
+#include "runtime/prefetch.inline.hpp"
+
+// Utility to centralize prefetching decisions.
+//
+// Prefetching needs to strike the balance between the latency savings
+// from upcoming accesses and the excess memory throughput for accesses
+// that are prefetched but are never used.
+//
+// A common access pattern for the object in hot GC code is:
+//   [mark word]   // sometimes, for forwarding pointer accesses
+//   [klass word]  // very often, to discover object type
+//    ...
+//   [oop field N] // often, to traverse the heap or fix references
+//
+// Prefetches work on cache line granularity, so we can pick and choose
+// good static offsets at which to prefetch. It also frees us from
+// polling mark/klass word offsets at runtime.
+//
+// It stands to reason that prefetching at zero is most beneficial.
+// Since it is almost guaranteed to be used by future accesses, there is
+// little downside. For objects that are fully within the cache line,
+// that zero-prefetch also picks up oop fields nicely.
+//
+// Experiments suggest it is also important to handle the case when
+// object crosses the cache line. In this case, zero-prefetch is likely
+// to miss the oop fields cache line. In extreme case, it can prefetch only
+// the mark word, leaving klass word unprefetched. We can prefetch
+// the full next cache line to deal with this case, but it is wasteful,
+// especially on platforms with very large cache lines.
+//
+// Therefore, the second prefetch is done at some small offset to balance
+// the crossing case. If second prefetch hits the same cache line as the
+// first one, there is little downside. This also works automagically with
+// platforms with larger cache line sizes, as both prefetches would converge.
+// If prefetch hits another cache line, it likely means the object crosses
+// the cache line, and that the second prefetch is profitable.
+//
+class ShenandoahPrefetch : AllStatic {
+public:
+  static void prefetch(oop obj) {
+    void* addr = obj->base_addr();
+    Prefetch::read(addr, 0);
+    Prefetch::read(addr, 32);
+  }
+};
+
+#endif // SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHPREFETCH_INLINE_HPP

From 182b0cb2063012c6f5cb40617f33165fc8a13249 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: April Ivy <ivyapril2005@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 9 Jul 2026 00:17:45 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 183/707] 8387937: C1: aarch64: two-arg
 add_debug_info_for_branch looks obsolete

Reviewed-by: dlong
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp | 10 ----------
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.hpp |  3 +--
 2 files changed, 1 insertion(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 202f3227e2d..0290a200366 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -452,16 +452,6 @@ int LIR_Assembler::emit_deopt_handler() {
   return entry_offset;
 }
 
-void LIR_Assembler::add_debug_info_for_branch(address adr, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
-  _masm->code_section()->relocate(adr, relocInfo::poll_type);
-  int pc_offset = code_offset();
-  flush_debug_info(pc_offset);
-  info->record_debug_info(compilation()->debug_info_recorder(), pc_offset);
-  if (info->exception_handlers() != nullptr) {
-    compilation()->add_exception_handlers_for_pco(pc_offset, info->exception_handlers());
-  }
-}
-
 void LIR_Assembler::return_op(LIR_Opr result, C1SafepointPollStub* code_stub) {
   assert(result->is_illegal() || !result->is_single_cpu() || result->as_register() == r0, "word returns are in r0,");
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.hpp
index 367256d2f69..bebc9543b40 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2014, Red Hat Inc. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ friend class ArrayCopyStub;
   // Record the type of the receiver in ReceiverTypeData
   void type_profile_helper(Register mdo, ciMethodData *md,
                            ciProfileData *data, Register recv);
-  void add_debug_info_for_branch(address adr, CodeEmitInfo* info);
 
   void casw(Register addr, Register newval, Register cmpval);
   void casl(Register addr, Register newval, Register cmpval);

From 05c93a1dbb0d6f9c4da10d5a7d924a64408d40d2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Emanuel Peter <epeter@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 9 Jul 2026 04:49:49 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 184/707] 8387411: C2: assert((in_vt->isa_pvectmask() ==
 nullptr) == (vt->isa_pvectmask() == nullptr)) failed: Both BVectMask, or both
 NVectMask, or both PVectMask

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, thartmann, vlivanov
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp         |  8 +-
 .../TestMaskUnboxingTypeMismatch.java         | 80 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 87 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestMaskUnboxingTypeMismatch.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
index a0454a41044..20857eed35c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
@@ -2309,7 +2309,13 @@ Node* VectorUnboxNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
         if (is_vector_mask) {
           // VectorUnbox (VectorBox vmask) ==> VectorMaskCast vmask
           const TypeVect* vmask_type = TypeVect::makemask(out_vt->element_basic_type(), out_vt->length());
-          return new VectorMaskCastNode(value, vmask_type);
+          const TypeVect* value_type = value->bottom_type()->is_vect();
+          // Very rarely, profiling can give us output types that are not
+          // compatible with the input type, where one is PVectMask and
+          // the other not. Such a path should be unreachable anyway.
+          if ((value_type->isa_pvectmask() == nullptr) == (vmask_type->isa_pvectmask() == nullptr)) {
+            return new VectorMaskCastNode(value, vmask_type);
+          }
         } else {
           // Vector type mismatch is only supported for masks, but sometimes it happens in pathological cases.
         }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestMaskUnboxingTypeMismatch.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestMaskUnboxingTypeMismatch.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f24d2d9d087
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestMaskUnboxingTypeMismatch.java
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.vectorapi;
+
+import jdk.incubator.vector.*;
+
+/*
+ * @test id=vanilla
+ * @bug 8387411
+ * @modules jdk.incubator.vector
+ *
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=KNL
+ * @bug 8387411
+ * @modules jdk.incubator.vector
+ *
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseKNLSetting
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+public class TestMaskUnboxingTypeMismatch {
+
+    public static Object pollute() {
+        VectorMask<Integer> intMask = VectorMask.fromLong(IntVector.SPECIES_512, 1L);
+        // Profile "andNot" with I512.
+        return intMask.andNot(intMask);
+    }
+
+    public static Object test() {
+        var v0 = ByteVector.broadcast(ByteVector.SPECIES_128, (byte)7);
+        var v1 = VectorMask.fromLong(ByteVector.SPECIES_128, 1L);
+        var v2 = VectorMask.fromLong(ByteVector.SPECIES_128, 2L);
+        // Use "andNot" with B128.
+        // We can get some boxing of B128 mask, which is later unboxed
+        // as profiled I512, which is impossible. When trying to insert
+        // an VectorMaskCast in VectorUnboxNode::Ideal, we hit an assert,
+        // because with UseKNLSetting, B128 mask is a NVectMask, and I512
+        // a PVectMask.
+        var v3 = v1.andNot(v2);
+        var v4 = v0.lanewise(VectorOperators.UMAX, (byte)42, v3);
+        return v4;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // Sufficient repetitions to get some profiling.
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; i++) {
+            pollute();
+        }
+        // Sufficient repetitions to get compilation.
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; i++) {
+            test();
+        }
+    }
+}

From 333deb2cc63d8a16600a09e5f933c2a5091fda3d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Benjamin Peterson <bpeterson@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 9 Jul 2026 06:57:14 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 185/707] 8380967: Canceled HttpClient.sendAsync futures throw
 inconsistent exceptions

Reviewed-by: dfuchs
---
 .../net/http/common/MinimalFuture.java        | 13 +++++---
 .../net/httpclient/CancelRequestTest.java     | 29 +++++------------
 .../net/http/common/MinimalFutureTest.java    | 32 +++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 48 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/common/MinimalFuture.java b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/common/MinimalFuture.java
index ddbcce661aa..268705f6c1f 100644
--- a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/common/MinimalFuture.java
+++ b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/common/MinimalFuture.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -102,11 +102,14 @@ public String toString() {
 
     @Override
     public boolean cancel(boolean mayInterruptIfRunning) {
-        boolean result = false;
-        if  (cancelable != null && !isDone()) {
-            result = cancelable.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning);
+        if  (!super.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning)) {
+            assert isDone();
+            return false;
         }
-        return super.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning) || result;
+        if (cancelable != null) {
+            cancelable.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning);
+        }
+        return true;
     }
 
     private Cancelable cancelable() {
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/CancelRequestTest.java b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/CancelRequestTest.java
index f21d13d5e98..418127c7735 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/CancelRequestTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/CancelRequestTest.java
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 8245462 8229822 8254786 8297075 8297149 8298340 8302635 8377181
+ * @bug 8245462 8229822 8254786 8297075 8297149 8298340 8302635 8377181 8380967
  * @summary Tests cancelling the request.
  * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/lib
  * @key randomness
@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assumptions;
@@ -394,15 +395,9 @@ public void testGetSendAsync(String uri, boolean sameClient, boolean mayInterrup
                 requestLatch.countDown();
             }
 
-            // Cancelling the request may cause an IOException instead...
-            boolean hasCancellationException = false;
-            try {
-                cf1.get();
-            } catch (CancellationException | ExecutionException x) {
-                out.println(now() + "Got expected exception: " + x);
-                assertTrue(isCancelled(x));
-                hasCancellationException = x instanceof CancellationException;
-            }
+            var cancelX = assertThrows(CancellationException.class, cf1::get);
+            out.println(now() + "Got expected exception: " + cancelX);
+            assertTrue(cf1.isCancelled());
 
             // because it's cf1 that was cancelled then response might not have
             // completed yet - so wait for it here...
@@ -447,7 +442,6 @@ public void testGetSendAsync(String uri, boolean sameClient, boolean mayInterrup
 
             assertTrue(response.isDone());
             assertFalse(response.isCancelled());
-            assertEquals(hasCancellationException, cf1.isCancelled());
             assertTrue(cf2.isDone());
             assertFalse(cf2.isCancelled());
             assertEquals(0, latch.getCount());
@@ -529,15 +523,9 @@ public Iterator<byte[]> iterator() {
                 requestLatch.countDown();
             }
 
-            // Cancelling the request may cause an IOException instead...
-            boolean hasCancellationException = false;
-            try {
-                cf1.get();
-            } catch (CancellationException | ExecutionException x) {
-                out.println(now() + "Got expected exception: " + x);
-                assertTrue(isCancelled(x));
-                hasCancellationException = x instanceof CancellationException;
-            }
+            var cancelX = assertThrows(CancellationException.class, cf1::get);
+            out.println(now() + "Got expected exception: " + cancelX);
+            assertTrue(cf1.isCancelled());
 
             // because it's cf1 that was cancelled then response might not have
             // completed yet - so wait for it here...
@@ -576,7 +564,6 @@ public Iterator<byte[]> iterator() {
 
             assertTrue(response.isDone());
             assertFalse(response.isCancelled());
-            assertEquals(hasCancellationException, cf1.isCancelled());
             assertTrue(cf2.isDone());
             assertFalse(cf2.isCancelled());
             assertEquals(0, latch.getCount());
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/whitebox/java.net.http/jdk/internal/net/http/common/MinimalFutureTest.java b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/whitebox/java.net.http/jdk/internal/net/http/common/MinimalFutureTest.java
index 2c33f6f0018..ccac8fcf439 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/whitebox/java.net.http/jdk/internal/net/http/common/MinimalFutureTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/whitebox/java.net.http/jdk/internal/net/http/common/MinimalFutureTest.java
@@ -27,10 +27,16 @@
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletionException;
 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
 import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
 
 public class MinimalFutureTest {
 
@@ -101,6 +107,32 @@ public void test(CompletableFuture<Object> mf) {
         }
     }
 
+    @Test
+    public void testCancel() {
+        AtomicInteger cancelCount = new AtomicInteger();
+        AtomicBoolean cancelled   = new AtomicBoolean();
+        Cancelable cancelable = mayInterruptIfRunning -> {
+            cancelCount.incrementAndGet();
+            if (mayInterruptIfRunning) {
+                cancelled.set(true);
+            }
+            return cancelled.get();
+        };
+        MinimalFuture<Object> future = new MinimalFuture<>(cancelable);
+        CompletableFuture<?> dependent = future.copy().whenComplete((x,t) ->
+                System.out.println("expected: " + t));
+        assertTrue(dependent.cancel(false));
+        assertTrue(dependent.isCancelled());
+        assertFalse(future.isCancelled());
+        assertFalse(cancelled.get());
+        assertEquals(1, cancelCount.get());
+        assertTrue(dependent.cancel(true));
+        assertTrue(dependent.isCancelled());
+        assertFalse(future.isCancelled());
+        assertTrue(cancelled.get());
+        assertEquals(2, cancelCount.get());
+    }
+
     private static CompletableFuture<Object> otherFuture() {
         return MinimalFuture.completedFuture(new Object());
     }

From 31dede3f96d78dd0b1c93d84adb1f97b34ff339f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dingli Zhang <dzhang@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 9 Jul 2026 07:47:14 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 186/707] 8368180: RISC-V: Remove redundant
 ext_Zicboz.enable_feature()

Reviewed-by: fyang, gcao
---
 src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/vm_version_linux_riscv.cpp | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/vm_version_linux_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/vm_version_linux_riscv.cpp
index 648131b94a3..c9556d32cc5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/vm_version_linux_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/vm_version_linux_riscv.cpp
@@ -307,7 +307,6 @@ void VM_Version::rivos_features() {
 
   ext_Zfh.enable_feature();
 
-  ext_Zicboz.enable_feature();
   ext_Zicsr.enable_feature();
   ext_Zifencei.enable_feature();
   ext_Zic64b.enable_feature();

From 7753c98686006bc5710169dd4d3ca312495a8ad1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ashutosh Mehra <asmehra@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 9 Jul 2026 13:19:37 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 187/707] 8386475: C2 x64: -XX:-UseBMI2Instructions is broken
 for AVX-512

Reviewed-by: galder, epeter, kvn
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp    |  6 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64.cpp  |  4 +-
 .../cpuflags/TestUseBMI2Instructions.java     | 62 +++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 67 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cpuflags/TestUseBMI2Instructions.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
index d1250f0820f..6c0b1178b0e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -5874,7 +5874,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::xmm_clear_mem(Register base, Register cnt, Register rtmp, X
   // cnt - number of qwords (8-byte words).
   // base - start address, qword aligned.
   Label L_zero_64_bytes, L_loop, L_sloop, L_tail, L_end;
-  bool use64byteVector = (MaxVectorSize == 64) && (CopyAVX3Threshold == 0);
+  bool use64byteVector = (MaxVectorSize == 64) && (CopyAVX3Threshold == 0) && VM_Version::supports_bmi2();
   if (use64byteVector) {
     vpxor(xtmp, xtmp, xtmp, AVX_512bit);
   } else if (MaxVectorSize >= 32) {
@@ -5921,7 +5921,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::xmm_clear_mem(Register base, Register cnt, Register rtmp, X
   BIND(L_tail);
   addptr(cnt, 4);
   jccb(Assembler::lessEqual, L_end);
-  if (UseAVX > 2 && MaxVectorSize >= 32 && VM_Version::supports_avx512vl()) {
+  if (UseAVX > 2 && MaxVectorSize >= 32 && VM_Version::supports_avx512vl() && VM_Version::supports_bmi2()) {
     fill32_masked(3, base, 0, xtmp, mask, cnt, rtmp);
   } else {
     decrement(cnt);
@@ -6984,7 +6984,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::vectorized_mismatch(Register obja, Register objb, Register
   xorq(result, result);
 
   if ((AVX3Threshold == 0) && (UseAVX > 2) &&
-      VM_Version::supports_avx512vlbw() && UseCountTrailingZerosInstruction) {
+      VM_Version::supports_avx512vlbw() && UseCountTrailingZerosInstruction && VM_Version::supports_bmi2()) {
     Label VECTOR64_LOOP, VECTOR64_NOT_EQUAL, VECTOR32_TAIL;
 
     cmpq(length, 64);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64.cpp
index afd9c126a21..2b37e39ec86 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64.cpp
@@ -3069,7 +3069,7 @@ address StubGenerator::generate_base64_decodeBlock() {
 
   // If AVX512 VBMI not supported, just compile non-AVX code
   if(VM_Version::supports_avx512_vbmi() &&
-     VM_Version::supports_avx512bw()) {
+     VM_Version::supports_avx512bw() && VM_Version::supports_bmi2()) {
     __ cmpl(length, 31);     // 32-bytes is break-even for AVX-512
     __ jcc(Assembler::lessEqual, L_lastChunk);
 
@@ -4887,7 +4887,7 @@ void StubGenerator::generate_compiler_stubs() {
   StubRoutines::_data_cache_writeback = generate_data_cache_writeback();
   StubRoutines::_data_cache_writeback_sync = generate_data_cache_writeback_sync();
 
-  if ((UseAVX == 2) && EnableX86ECoreOpts && UseCountTrailingZerosInstruction) {
+  if ((UseAVX == 2) && EnableX86ECoreOpts && UseCountTrailingZerosInstruction && VM_Version::supports_bmi2()) {
     generate_string_indexof(StubRoutines::_string_indexof_array);
   }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cpuflags/TestUseBMI2Instructions.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cpuflags/TestUseBMI2Instructions.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..df595a5ff26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cpuflags/TestUseBMI2Instructions.java
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8386475
+ * @summary Verify no assertions with -XX:+UseBMI2Instructions
+ * @requires os.simpleArch == "x64"
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UseBMI2Instructions ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8386475
+ * @summary Verify no assertions with -XX:-UseBMI2Instructions
+ * @requires os.simpleArch == "x64"
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,java.lang.CharacterDataLatin1::<clinit> -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:CopyAVX3Threshold=0 -XX:-UseBMI2Instructions ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8386475
+ * @summary Verify no assertions when generating vectorizedMismatch stub with -XX:-UseBMI2Instructions
+ * @requires os.simpleArch == "x64" & vm.cpu.features ~= ".*avx2.*"
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:AVX3Threshold=0 -XX:-UseBMI2Instructions ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8386475
+ * @summary Verify no assertions when generating string_indexof stub with -XX:-UseBMI2Instructions
+ * @requires os.simpleArch == "x64" & vm.cpu.features ~= ".*avx2.*"
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:UseAVX=2 -XX:+EnableX86ECoreOpts -XX:-UseBMI2Instructions ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.cpuflags;
+
+public class TestUseBMI2Instructions {
+  public static void main(String args[]) {
+    // intentionally empty
+  }
+}

From d425cbe2f0df08aacd9f5093a758455309ab0cf5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Amit Kumar <amitkumar@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 9 Jul 2026 13:38:52 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 188/707] 8286300: Port JEP 425 to S390X 8377034: Enable full
 JSR166TestCase.java test for s390x 8380035:
 compiler/intrinsics/TestReturnOopSetForJFRWriteCheckpoint.java crashes on
 s390x 8335163: [s390x] test failure - PrintClasses.java

Co-authored-by: Andrew Haley <aph@openjdk.org>
Co-authored-by: Richard Reingruber <rrich@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: rrich, aph, pchilanomate
---
 .../cpu/s390/abstractInterpreter_s390.cpp     |   8 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/assembler_s390.hpp       |   5 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.cpp |   4 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_Runtime1_s390.cpp     |  49 +-
 .../cpu/s390/continuationEntry_s390.hpp       |   6 +-
 .../s390/continuationEntry_s390.inline.hpp    |  23 +-
 .../continuationFreezeThaw_s390.inline.hpp    | 277 ++++++++-
 .../s390/continuationHelper_s390.inline.hpp   | 116 ++--
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.cpp           |  85 ++-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.hpp           |  49 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.inline.hpp    | 106 +++-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/globals_s390.hpp         |   2 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.cpp     | 126 +++-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.hpp     |   8 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp  | 114 +++-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.hpp  |  26 +-
 .../cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.inline.hpp   |  14 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/nativeInst_s390.cpp      |  31 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/nativeInst_s390.hpp      |  44 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad                  |  35 ++
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/sharedRuntime_s390.cpp   | 582 +++++++++++++++++-
 .../cpu/s390/smallRegisterMap_s390.inline.hpp |  17 +-
 .../stackChunkFrameStream_s390.inline.hpp     |  90 ++-
 .../cpu/s390/stackChunkOop_s390.inline.hpp    |  11 +-
 .../cpu/s390/stubDeclarations_s390.hpp        |   4 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stubGenerator_s390.cpp   | 184 +++++-
 .../templateInterpreterGenerator_s390.cpp     |  71 ++-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateTable_s390.cpp   |   8 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/upcallLinker_s390.cpp    |   4 +
 .../share/oops/stackChunkOop.inline.hpp       |   4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuation.cpp    |   2 +-
 .../share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp  |  29 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.cpp           |   6 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp   |  10 +-
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt            |   2 -
 test/jdk/ProblemList.txt                      |  18 -
 .../util/concurrent/tck/JSR166TestCase.java   |  14 -
 37 files changed, 1840 insertions(+), 344 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/abstractInterpreter_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/abstractInterpreter_s390.cpp
index 96990f0ce94..c54f1a4b010 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/abstractInterpreter_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/abstractInterpreter_s390.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2016 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -197,8 +197,10 @@ void AbstractInterpreter::layout_activation(Method* method,
     assert(is_bottom_frame && (sender_sp == caller->unextended_sp()),
            "must initialize sender_sp of bottom skeleton frame when pushing it");
   } else {
-    assert(caller->is_entry_frame() || caller->is_upcall_stub_frame(), "is there a new frame type??");
-    sender_sp = caller->sp(); // Call_stub only uses it's fp.
+    // For entry, upcall_stub, and native frames, sender_sp is simply the caller's sp.
+    // These frames use the standard C ABI and don't require adjustment.
+    assert(caller->is_entry_frame() || caller->is_upcall_stub_frame() || caller->is_native_frame(), "is there a new frame type??");
+    sender_sp = caller->sp();
   }
 
   interpreter_frame->interpreter_frame_set_method(method);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/assembler_s390.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/assembler_s390.hpp
index c0cee5bd555..95ae442bb49 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/assembler_s390.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/assembler_s390.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2016, 2024 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -3279,6 +3279,9 @@ class Assembler : public AbstractAssembler {
   static bool is_z_nop(address x) {
     return is_z_nop(* (short *) x);
   }
+  static bool is_z_illtrap(address x) {
+    return *(uint16_t*)x == 0u;
+  }
   static bool is_z_br(long x) {
     return is_z_bcr(x) && ((x & 0x00f0) == 0x00f0);
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.cpp
index 08f922a0b9a..db3f2f6218f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.cpp
@@ -524,6 +524,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::call(LIR_OpJavaCall* op, relocInfo::relocType rtype) {
   __ z_nop();
   __ z_brasl(Z_R14, op->addr());
   add_call_info(code_offset(), op->info());
+  __ post_call_nop();
 }
 
 void LIR_Assembler::ic_call(LIR_OpJavaCall* op) {
@@ -539,7 +540,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::ic_call(LIR_OpJavaCall* op) {
   // CALL to fixup routine. Fixup routine uses ScopeDesc info
   // to determine who we intended to call.
   __ relocate(virtual_call_Relocation::spec(virtual_call_oop_addr));
-  call(op, relocInfo::none);
+  call(op, relocInfo::none); // call will emit a post call nop, see above method.
 }
 
 void LIR_Assembler::move_regs(Register from_reg, Register to_reg) {
@@ -2792,6 +2793,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::rt_call(LIR_Opr result, address dest,
   if (info != nullptr) {
     add_call_info_here(info);
   }
+  __ post_call_nop();
 }
 
 void LIR_Assembler::volatile_move_op(LIR_Opr src, LIR_Opr dest, BasicType type, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_Runtime1_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_Runtime1_s390.cpp
index e78b04fe911..d26db67d078 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_Runtime1_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_Runtime1_s390.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2016, 2023 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -52,13 +52,8 @@ int StubAssembler::call_RT(Register oop_result1, Register metadata_result, addre
   set_num_rt_args(0); // Nothing on stack.
   assert(!(oop_result1->is_valid() || metadata_result->is_valid()) || oop_result1 != metadata_result, "registers must be different");
 
-  // We cannot trust that code generated by the C++ compiler saves R14
-  // to z_abi_160.return_pc, because sometimes it spills R14 using stmg at
-  // z_abi_160.gpr14 (e.g. InterpreterRuntime::_new()).
-  // Therefore we load the PC into Z_R1_scratch and let set_last_Java_frame() save
-  // it into the frame anchor.
-  address pc = get_PC(Z_R1_scratch);
-  int call_offset = (int)(pc - addr_at(0));
+  Label resume;
+  z_larl(Z_R1_scratch, resume);
   set_last_Java_frame(Z_SP, Z_R1_scratch);
 
   // ARG1 must hold thread address.
@@ -67,9 +62,12 @@ int StubAssembler::call_RT(Register oop_result1, Register metadata_result, addre
   address return_pc = nullptr;
   align_call_far_patchable(this->pc());
   return_pc = call_c_opt(entry_point);
+
+  bind(resume);
+  int call_offset = offset();
   assert(return_pc != nullptr, "const section overflow");
 
-  reset_last_Java_frame();
+  reset_last_Java_frame(/* check_last_java_sp= */ false);
 
   // Check for pending exceptions.
   {
@@ -208,8 +206,37 @@ void Runtime1::initialize_pd() {
 }
 
 uint Runtime1::runtime_blob_current_thread_offset(frame f) {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return 0;
+  CodeBlob* cb = f.cb();
+  assert(cb == Runtime1::blob_for(StubId::c1_monitorenter_id) ||
+         cb == Runtime1::blob_for(StubId::c1_monitorenter_nofpu_id), "must be");
+  assert(cb != nullptr && cb->is_runtime_stub(), "invalid frame");
+
+  // Calculate the offset of Z_thread (Z_R8) in the saved register area.
+  // Both c1_monitorenter_id and c1_monitorenter_nofpu_id have the same frame layout:
+  // - c1_monitorenter_id uses RegisterSaver::all_registers (saves FPU regs)
+  // - c1_monitorenter_nofpu_id uses RegisterSaver::all_integer_registers (excludes FPU regs but reserves space)
+  //
+  // From RegisterSaver_LiveRegs and RegisterSaver_LiveIntRegs:
+  // Both have 15 float register slots (F0, F2-F15, F1 is excluded as scratch)
+  // Then integer registers: R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13
+  // Z_thread is Z_R8, which is the 7th integer register (index 6 from R2)
+  //
+  // Stack layout from SP:
+  //   [0..159]     : z_abi_160
+  //   [160..279]   : 15 float register slots (15 * 8 = 120 bytes)
+  //   [280..327]   : R2-R7 (6 * 8 = 48 bytes)
+  //   [328..335]   : R8 (Z_thread) <- this is what we need
+  //
+  // Offset = 160 + 120 + 48 = 328 bytes from SP
+  // Return value is in 64-bit words: 328 / 8 = 41
+
+  const int float_reg_slots = 15;      // F0, F2-F15 (F1 is scratch, excluded)
+  const int int_regs_before_r8 = 6;    // R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7
+  const int z_thread_offset = frame::z_abi_160_size +
+                               (float_reg_slots * 8) +
+                               (int_regs_before_r8 * 8);
+
+  return z_thread_offset / wordSize;
 }
 
 OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_exception_throw(StubAssembler* sasm, address target, bool has_argument) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationEntry_s390.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationEntry_s390.hpp
index e4e611d2b15..15b1347ce0a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationEntry_s390.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationEntry_s390.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2022 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,8 +26,11 @@
 #ifndef CPU_S390_CONTINUATIONENTRY_S390_HPP
 #define CPU_S390_CONTINUATIONENTRY_S390_HPP
 
+#include "runtime/frame.hpp"
+
 class ContinuationEntryPD {
-  // empty
+  // This is needed to position the ContinuationEntry at the unextended sp of the entry frame
+  frame::z_abi_160_base _abi;
 };
 
 #endif // CPU_S390_CONTINUATIONENTRY_S390_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationEntry_s390.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationEntry_s390.inline.hpp
index 1d4e3c2439d..58ff8f0d194 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationEntry_s390.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationEntry_s390.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,22 +26,28 @@
 #ifndef CPU_S390_CONTINUATIONENTRY_S390_INLINE_HPP
 #define CPU_S390_CONTINUATIONENTRY_S390_INLINE_HPP
 
+#include "oops/method.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/registerMap.hpp"
+#include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 #include "runtime/continuationEntry.hpp"
 
-// TODO: Implement
-
 inline frame ContinuationEntry::to_frame() const {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return frame();
+  static CodeBlob* cb = CodeCache::find_blob_fast(entry_pc());
+  assert(cb != nullptr, "");
+  assert(cb->as_nmethod()->method()->is_continuation_enter_intrinsic(), "");
+  return frame(entry_sp(), entry_pc(), entry_sp(), entry_fp(), cb);
 }
 
 inline intptr_t* ContinuationEntry::entry_fp() const {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return nullptr;
+  return (intptr_t*)((address)this + size());
 }
 
 inline void ContinuationEntry::update_register_map(RegisterMap* map) const {
-  Unimplemented();
+  // No register map update needed for s390.
+  // In the Java calling convention on s390, all registers are volatile (caller-saved),
+  // so there are no non-volatile (callee-saved) registers that need to be tracked
+  // in the register map for continuation entry frames.
 }
 
 #endif // CPU_S390_CONTINUATIONENTRY_S390_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationFreezeThaw_s390.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationFreezeThaw_s390.inline.hpp
index 1102a745ac0..2f7660052c0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationFreezeThaw_s390.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationFreezeThaw_s390.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,98 +30,316 @@
 #include "runtime/frame.hpp"
 #include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
 
+inline void patch_callee_link(const frame& f, intptr_t* fp) {
+  *ContinuationHelper::Frame::callee_link_address(f) = fp;
+}
+
+inline void patch_callee_link_relative(const frame& f, intptr_t* fp) {
+  intptr_t* la = (intptr_t*)ContinuationHelper::Frame::callee_link_address(f);
+  intptr_t new_value = fp - la;
+  *la = new_value;
+}
+
 inline void FreezeBase::set_top_frame_metadata_pd(const frame& hf) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  stackChunkOop chunk = _cont.tail();
+  assert(chunk->is_in_chunk(hf.sp()), "hf.sp()=" PTR_FORMAT, p2i(hf.sp()));
+
+  hf.own_abi()->return_pc = (uint64_t)hf.pc();
+  if (hf.is_interpreted_frame()) {
+    patch_callee_link_relative(hf, hf.fp());
+  } else {
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    // See also FreezeBase::patch_pd()
+    patch_callee_link(hf, (intptr_t*)badAddress);
+#endif
+  }
 }
 
 template<typename FKind>
 inline frame FreezeBase::sender(const frame& f) {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return frame();
+  assert(FKind::is_instance(f), "");
+
+  if (FKind::interpreted) {
+    return frame(f.sender_sp(), f.sender_pc(), f.interpreter_frame_sender_sp());
+  }
+
+  intptr_t* sender_sp = f.sender_sp();
+  address sender_pc = f.sender_pc();
+  assert(sender_sp != f.sp(), "must have changed");
+  int slot = 0;
+  CodeBlob* sender_cb = CodeCache::find_blob_and_oopmap(sender_pc, slot);
+  return sender_cb != nullptr
+         ? frame(sender_sp, sender_sp, nullptr, sender_pc, sender_cb, slot == -1 ? nullptr : sender_cb->oop_map_for_slot(slot, sender_pc))
+         : frame(sender_sp, sender_pc, sender_sp);
 }
 
 template<typename FKind> frame FreezeBase::new_heap_frame(frame& f, frame& caller) {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return frame();
+  assert(FKind::is_instance(f), "");
+  intptr_t *sp, *fp;
+  if (FKind::interpreted) {
+    intptr_t locals_offset = *f.addr_at(_z_ijava_idx(locals));
+
+    // If the caller.is_empty(), i.e. we're freezing into an empty chunk, then we set
+    // the chunk's argsize in finalize_freeze and make room for it above the unextended_sp
+    // See also comment on StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::interpreter_frame_size()
+
+    int overlap =
+      (caller.is_interpreted_frame() || caller.is_empty())
+      ? ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::stack_argsize(f) + frame::metadata_words_at_top
+      : 0;
+
+    // Calculate the new frame's FP in the heap chunk.
+    // Starting from caller's unextended_sp, we:
+    // - subtract 1 for the z_parent_ijava_frame_abi (which sits just below the locals)
+    // - subtract locals_offset (distance from FP to locals in the original frame)
+    // - add overlap (to account for shared stack args when caller is interpreted or empty)
+    // This positions FP such that locals are correctly placed relative to the caller's frame.
+    fp = caller.unextended_sp() - 1 - locals_offset + overlap;
+
+    // esp points one slot below the last argument
+    intptr_t* x86_64_like_unextended_sp = f.interpreter_frame_esp() + 1 - frame::metadata_words_at_top;
+
+    sp = fp - (f.fp() - x86_64_like_unextended_sp);
+    assert (sp <= fp && (fp <= caller.unextended_sp() || caller.is_interpreted_frame()),
+        "sp=" PTR_FORMAT " fp=" PTR_FORMAT " caller.unextended_sp()=" PTR_FORMAT " caller.is_interpreted_frame()=%d",
+        p2i(sp), p2i(fp), p2i(caller.unextended_sp()), caller.is_interpreted_frame());
+    caller.set_sp(fp);
+
+    assert(_cont.tail()->is_in_chunk(sp), "");
+
+    frame hf(sp, sp, fp, f.pc(), nullptr, nullptr, true /* on_heap */);
+    // frame_top() and frame_bottom() read these before relativize_interpreted_frame_metadata() is called
+    *hf.addr_at(_z_ijava_idx(locals)) = locals_offset;
+    *hf.addr_at(_z_ijava_idx(esp))    = f.interpreter_frame_esp() - f.fp();
+    return hf;
+  } else {
+    int fsize = FKind::size(f);
+    sp = caller.unextended_sp() - fsize;
+    if (caller.is_interpreted_frame()) {
+      // If the caller is interpreted, our stackargs are not supposed to overlap with it
+      // so we make more room by moving sp down by argsize
+      int argsize = FKind::stack_argsize(f);
+      sp -= argsize + frame::metadata_words_at_top;
+    }
+    fp = sp + fsize;
+    caller.set_sp(fp);
+
+    assert(_cont.tail()->is_in_chunk(sp), "");
+
+    return frame(sp, sp, fp, f.pc(), nullptr, nullptr, true /* on_heap */);
+  }
 }
 
 void FreezeBase::adjust_interpreted_frame_unextended_sp(frame& f) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  // Nothing to do on s390 and ppc. On x86/aarch64/riscv, the unextended_sp is stored
+  // in interpreter_frame_last_sp and needs to be restored from there. On s390/ppc,
+  // the frame structure doesn't have interpreter_frame_last_sp; instead, the unextended_sp
+  // is directly maintained in the frame and doesn't need adjustment.
 }
 
 inline void FreezeBase::prepare_freeze_interpreted_top_frame(frame& f) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  // Nothing to do. We don't save a last sp because we cannot use sp as esp.
+  // Instead the top frame is trimmed when making an i2i call. The original
+  // top_frame_sp is set when the frame is pushed (see generate_fixed_frame()).
+  // An interpreter top frame that was just thawed is resized to top_frame_sp by the
+  // resume adapter (see generate_cont_resume_interpreter_adapter()). So the assertion is
+  // false, if we freeze again right after thawing as we do when redoing a vm call wasn't
+  // successful.
+  assert(_thread->interp_redoing_vm_call() ||
+         ((intptr_t*)f.at_relative(_z_ijava_idx(top_frame_sp)) == f.unextended_sp()),
+         "top_frame_sp:" PTR_FORMAT " usp:" PTR_FORMAT, f.at_relative(_z_ijava_idx(top_frame_sp)), p2i(f.unextended_sp()));
 }
 
 inline void FreezeBase::relativize_interpreted_frame_metadata(const frame& f, const frame& hf) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  intptr_t* vfp = f.fp();
+  intptr_t* hfp = hf.fp();
+  assert(f.fp() > (intptr_t*)f.interpreter_frame_esp(), "");
+
+  // There is alignment padding between vfp and f's locals array in the original
+  // frame, because we freeze the padding (see recurse_freeze_interpreted_frame)
+  // in order to keep the same relativized locals pointer, we don't need to change it here.
+
+  // Make sure that monitors is already relativized.
+  assert(hf.at_absolute(_z_ijava_idx(monitors)) <= -(frame::z_ijava_state_size / wordSize), "");
+  // Make sure that esp is already relativized.
+  assert(hf.at_absolute(_z_ijava_idx(esp)) <= hf.at_absolute(_z_ijava_idx(monitors)), "");
+  // top_frame_sp is already relativized
+
+  // hfp == hf.sp() + (f.fp() - f.sp()) is not true on ppc because the stack frame has room for
+  // the maximal expression stack and the expression stack in the heap frame is trimmed.
+  assert(hf.fp() == hf.interpreter_frame_esp() + (f.fp() - f.interpreter_frame_esp()), "");
+  assert(hf.fp()                 <= (intptr_t*)hf.at(_z_ijava_idx(locals)), "");
 }
 
 inline void FreezeBase::patch_pd(frame& hf, const frame& caller) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  if (caller.is_interpreted_frame()) {
+    assert(!caller.is_empty(), "");
+    patch_callee_link_relative(caller, caller.fp());
+  }
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  else {
+    // For compiled frames the back link is actually redundant. It gets computed
+    // as unextended_sp + frame_size.
+
+    // Note a difference from x86_64: the link is not made relative if the caller
+    // is a compiled frame because there rbp is used as a non-volatile register by
+    // c1/c2 so it could be a computed value local to the caller.
+
+    // See also:
+    // - FreezeBase::set_top_frame_metadata_pd
+    // - StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::fp()
+    // - UseContinuationFastPath: compiled frames are copied in a batch w/o patching the back link.
+    //   The backlinks are restored when thawing (see Thaw<ConfigT>::patch_caller_links())
+    patch_callee_link(hf, (intptr_t*)badAddress);
+  }
+#endif
 }
 
 inline void FreezeBase::patch_pd_unused(intptr_t* sp) {
-  Unimplemented();
 }
 
 inline void FreezeBase::patch_stack_pd(intptr_t* frame_sp, intptr_t* heap_sp) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  // Nothing to do. The backchain is reconstructed when thawing (see Thaw<ConfigT>::patch_caller_links())
 }
 
 inline intptr_t* AnchorMark::anchor_mark_set_pd() {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return nullptr;
+  // Nothing to do on s390 because the interpreter does not use SP as expression stack pointer.
+  // Instead there is a dedicated register Z_esp which is not affected by VM calls.
+  return _top_frame.sp();
 }
 
 inline void AnchorMark::anchor_mark_clear_pd() {
-  Unimplemented();
+  // Nothing to do. See anchor_mark_set_pd().
 }
 
 inline frame ThawBase::new_entry_frame() {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return frame();
+  intptr_t* sp = _cont.entrySP();
+  return frame(sp, _cont.entryPC(), sp, _cont.entryFP());
 }
 
 template<typename FKind> frame ThawBase::new_stack_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, bool bottom) {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return frame();
+  assert(FKind::is_instance(hf), "");
+
+  assert(is_aligned(caller.fp(), frame::frame_alignment), PTR_FORMAT, p2i(caller.fp()));
+  // caller.sp() can be unaligned. This is fixed below.
+  if (FKind::interpreted) {
+    // Note: we have to overlap with the caller, at least if it is interpreted, to match the
+    // max_thawing_size calculation during freeze. See also comment above.
+    intptr_t* heap_sp = hf.unextended_sp();
+    const int fsize = ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::frame_bottom(hf) - hf.unextended_sp();
+    const int overlap = !caller.is_interpreted_frame() ? 0
+                        : ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::stack_argsize(hf) + frame::metadata_words_at_top;
+    intptr_t* frame_sp = caller.unextended_sp() + overlap - fsize;
+    intptr_t* fp = frame_sp + (hf.fp() - heap_sp);
+    // align fp
+    int padding = fp - align_down(fp, frame::frame_alignment);
+    fp -= padding;
+    // alignment of sp is done by callee or in finish_thaw()
+    frame_sp -= padding;
+
+    // On s390 esp points to the first free slot on the expression stack (see frame_s390.hpp).
+    // The assertion verifies that frame_sp + metadata_words_at_top points to the slot above esp,
+    // which corresponds to the last parameter position.
+    DEBUG_ONLY(intptr_t* esp = fp + *hf.addr_at(_z_ijava_idx(esp));)
+    assert(frame_sp + frame::metadata_words_at_top == esp+1, " frame_sp=" PTR_FORMAT " esp=" PTR_FORMAT, p2i(frame_sp), p2i(esp));
+    caller.set_sp(fp);
+    frame f(frame_sp, hf.pc(), frame_sp, fp);
+    // we need to set the locals so that the caller of new_stack_frame() can call
+    // ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::frame_bottom
+    // copy relativized locals from the heap frame
+    *f.addr_at(_z_ijava_idx(locals)) = *hf.addr_at(_z_ijava_idx(locals));
+
+    return f;
+  } else {
+    int fsize = FKind::size(hf);
+    int argsize = FKind::stack_argsize(hf);
+    intptr_t* frame_sp = caller.sp() - fsize;
+
+    if ((bottom && argsize > 0) || caller.is_interpreted_frame()) {
+      assert(!_should_patch_caller_pc, "what??");
+      _should_patch_caller_pc = caller.is_interpreted_frame();
+      frame_sp -= argsize + frame::metadata_words_at_top;
+      frame_sp = align_down(frame_sp, frame::alignment_in_bytes);
+      caller.set_sp(frame_sp + fsize);
+    }
+
+    assert(hf.cb() != nullptr, "");
+    assert(hf.oop_map() != nullptr, "");
+    intptr_t* fp = frame_sp + fsize;
+    return frame(frame_sp, frame_sp, fp, hf.pc(), hf.cb(), hf.oop_map(), false);
+  }
 }
 
 inline void ThawBase::derelativize_interpreted_frame_metadata(const frame& hf, const frame& f) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  // Make sure that monitors is still relativized.
+  assert(f.at_absolute(_z_ijava_idx(monitors)) <= -(frame::z_ijava_state_size / wordSize), "");
+  // Make sure that esp is still relativized.
+  assert(f.at_absolute(_z_ijava_idx(esp)) <= f.at_absolute(_z_ijava_idx(monitors)), "");
+  // Keep top_frame_sp relativized.
 }
 
 inline intptr_t* ThawBase::align(const frame& hf, intptr_t* frame_sp, frame& caller, bool bottom) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  // Unused. Alignment is done directly in new_stack_frame() / finish_thaw().
   return nullptr;
 }
 
 inline void ThawBase::patch_pd(frame& f, const frame& caller) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  patch_callee_link(caller, caller.fp());
+  // Prevent assertion if f gets deoptimized right away before it's fully initialized
+  f.mark_not_fully_initialized();
 }
 
 inline void ThawBase::patch_pd(frame& f, intptr_t* caller_sp) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  assert(f.own_abi()->callers_sp == (uint64_t)caller_sp, "should have been fixed by patch_caller_links");
 }
 
 inline intptr_t* ThawBase::push_cleanup_continuation() {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return nullptr;
+  frame enterSpecial = new_entry_frame();
+  frame::z_common_abi* enterSpecial_abi = (frame::z_common_abi*)enterSpecial.sp();
+
+  enterSpecial_abi->return_pc = (intptr_t)ContinuationEntry::cleanup_pc();
+
+  log_develop_trace(continuations, preempt)("push_cleanup_continuation enterSpecial sp: " INTPTR_FORMAT " cleanup pc: " INTPTR_FORMAT,
+                                            p2i(enterSpecial_abi),
+                                            p2i(ContinuationEntry::cleanup_pc()));
+
+  return enterSpecial.sp();
 }
 
 inline intptr_t* ThawBase::push_preempt_adapter() {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return nullptr;
+  frame enterSpecial = new_entry_frame();
+  frame::z_common_abi* enterSpecial_abi = (frame::z_common_abi*)enterSpecial.sp();
+
+  enterSpecial_abi->return_pc = (intptr_t)StubRoutines::cont_preempt_stub();
+
+  log_develop_trace(continuations, preempt)("push_preempt_adapter enterSpecial sp: " INTPTR_FORMAT " adapter pc: " INTPTR_FORMAT,
+                                            p2i(enterSpecial_abi),
+                                            p2i(StubRoutines::cont_preempt_stub()));
+
+  return enterSpecial.sp();
 }
 
 template <typename ConfigT>
 inline void Thaw<ConfigT>::patch_caller_links(intptr_t* sp, intptr_t* bottom) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  for (intptr_t* callers_sp; sp < bottom; sp = callers_sp) {
+    address pc = (address)((frame::z_java_abi*) sp)->return_pc;
+    assert(pc != nullptr, "");
+    // see ThawBase::patch_return() which gets called just before
+    bool is_entry_frame = pc == StubRoutines::cont_returnBarrier() || pc == _cont.entryPC();
+    if (is_entry_frame) {
+      callers_sp = _cont.entryFP();
+    } else {
+      assert(!Interpreter::contains(pc), "sp:" PTR_FORMAT " pc:" PTR_FORMAT, p2i(sp), p2i(pc));
+      CodeBlob* cb = CodeCache::find_blob(pc);
+      callers_sp = sp + cb->frame_size();
+    }
+    // set the back link
+    ((frame::z_java_abi*) sp)->callers_sp = (intptr_t) callers_sp;
+  }
 }
 
 inline void ThawBase::prefetch_chunk_pd(void* start, int size) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  // TODO: implement in future;
 }
 
 #endif // CPU_S390_CONTINUATION_S390_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationHelper_s390.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationHelper_s390.inline.hpp
index fb7d998c458..11944a8f040 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationHelper_s390.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationHelper_s390.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,108 +28,133 @@
 
 #include "runtime/continuationHelper.hpp"
 
-// TODO: Implement
-
-template<typename FKind>
-static inline intptr_t** link_address(const frame& f) {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return nullptr;
-}
-
 static inline void patch_return_pc_with_preempt_stub(frame& f) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  if (f.is_runtime_frame()) {
+    // Patch the pc of the now old last Java frame (we already set the anchor to enterSpecial)
+    // so that when target returns to Java it will actually return to the preempt cleanup stub.
+    // We step over the runtime stub frame and patch the return PC in the caller's frame.
+    intptr_t* caller_sp = f.sp() + f.cb()->frame_size();
+    frame::z_common_abi* abi = (frame::z_common_abi*)caller_sp;
+    abi->return_pc = (uint64_t)StubRoutines::cont_preempt_stub();
+  } else {
+    // The target will check for preemption once it returns to the interpreter
+    // or the native wrapper code and will manually jump to the preempt stub.
+    JavaThread *thread = JavaThread::current();
+    DEBUG_ONLY(Method* m = f.is_interpreted_frame() ? f.interpreter_frame_method() : f.cb()->as_nmethod()->method();)
+    assert(m->is_object_wait0() || thread->interp_at_preemptable_vmcall_cnt() > 0,
+           "preemptable VM call not using call_VM_preemptable");
+    thread->set_preempt_alternate_return(StubRoutines::cont_preempt_stub());
+  }
 }
 
 inline int ContinuationHelper::frame_align_words(int size) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  // S390 requires 8-byte (1-word) frame alignment, not 16-byte like other platforms.
+  // Because frames are already 8-byte aligned, no additional padding words are needed.
+  // Other platforms (x86, aarch64, ppc) return size & 1 to ensure 16-byte alignment,
+  // but s390's 8-byte alignment requirement is already satisfied.
   return 0;
 }
 
-inline intptr_t* ContinuationHelper::frame_align_pointer(intptr_t* sp) {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return nullptr;
+inline intptr_t* ContinuationHelper::frame_align_pointer(intptr_t* p) {
+  return align_down(p, frame::frame_alignment);
 }
 
 template<typename FKind>
 inline void ContinuationHelper::update_register_map(const frame& f, RegisterMap* map) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  // All registers are considered volatile and saved in the caller (Java) frame if needed.
+  // No register map update required for s390.
 }
 
 inline void ContinuationHelper::update_register_map_with_callee(const frame& f, RegisterMap* map) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  // All registers are considered volatile and saved in the caller (Java) frame if needed.
+  // No register map update required for s390.
 }
 
 inline void ContinuationHelper::push_pd(const frame& f) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  f.own_abi()->callers_sp = (uint64_t)f.fp();
 }
 
 inline void ContinuationHelper::set_anchor_to_entry_pd(JavaFrameAnchor* anchor, ContinuationEntry* cont) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  // No frame pointer update needed for s390.
+  // Unlike x86/aarch64, s390 doesn't require setting last_Java_fp in the anchor.
 }
 
 inline void ContinuationHelper::set_anchor_pd(JavaFrameAnchor* anchor, intptr_t* sp) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  // No frame pointer update needed for s390.
+  // Unlike x86/aarch64, s390 doesn't require setting last_Java_fp in the anchor.
 }
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
 inline bool ContinuationHelper::Frame::assert_frame_laid_out(frame f) {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return false;
+  intptr_t* sp = f.sp();
+  address pc = *(address*)(sp - frame::sender_sp_ret_address_offset());
+  intptr_t* fp = (intptr_t*)f.own_abi()->callers_sp;
+  assert(f.raw_pc() == pc, "f.ra_pc: " INTPTR_FORMAT " actual: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(f.raw_pc()), p2i(pc));
+  assert(f.fp() == fp, "f.fp: " INTPTR_FORMAT " actual: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(f.fp()), p2i(fp));
+  return f.raw_pc() == pc && f.fp() == fp;
 }
 #endif
 
 inline intptr_t** ContinuationHelper::Frame::callee_link_address(const frame& f) {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return nullptr;
-}
-
-template<typename FKind>
-static inline intptr_t* real_fp(const frame& f) {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return nullptr;
+  return (intptr_t**)&f.own_abi()->callers_sp;
 }
 
 inline address* ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::return_pc_address(const frame& f) {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return nullptr;
+  return (address*)&f.callers_abi()->return_pc;
 }
 
 inline void ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::patch_sender_sp(frame& f, const frame& caller) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  intptr_t* sp = caller.unextended_sp();
+  if (!f.is_heap_frame() && caller.is_interpreted_frame()) {
+    // When the caller is an interpreted frame, we need to use the caller's top_frame_sp
+    // instead of unextended_sp. This is because the interpreter resizes the caller's
+    // frame before making a call
+    sp = (intptr_t*)caller.at_relative(_z_ijava_idx(top_frame_sp));
+  }
+  assert(f.is_interpreted_frame(), "");
+  assert(f.is_heap_frame() || is_aligned(sp, frame::alignment_in_bytes), "");
+  intptr_t* la = f.addr_at(_z_ijava_idx(sender_sp));
+  *la = f.is_heap_frame() ? (intptr_t)(sp - f.fp()) : (intptr_t)sp;
 }
 
 inline address* ContinuationHelper::Frame::return_pc_address(const frame& f) {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return nullptr;
+  return (address*)&f.callers_abi()->return_pc;
 }
 
 inline address ContinuationHelper::Frame::real_pc(const frame& f) {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return nullptr;
+  return (address)f.own_abi()->return_pc;
 }
 
 inline void ContinuationHelper::Frame::patch_pc(const frame& f, address pc) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  f.own_abi()->return_pc = (uint64_t)pc;
 }
 
 inline intptr_t* ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::frame_top(const frame& f, InterpreterOopMap* mask) { // inclusive; this will be copied with the frame
-  Unimplemented();
-  return nullptr;
+  int expression_stack_sz = expression_stack_size(f, mask);
+  intptr_t* res = (intptr_t*)f.interpreter_frame_monitor_end() - expression_stack_sz;
+  assert(res <= (intptr_t*)f.ijava_state() - expression_stack_sz,
+      "res=" PTR_FORMAT " f.ijava_state()=" PTR_FORMAT " expression_stack_sz=%d",
+      p2i(res), p2i(f.ijava_state()), expression_stack_sz);
+  assert(res >= f.unextended_sp(),
+      "res: " INTPTR_FORMAT " ijava_state: " INTPTR_FORMAT " esp: " INTPTR_FORMAT " unextended_sp: " INTPTR_FORMAT " expression_stack_size: %d",
+      p2i(res), p2i(f.ijava_state()), f.ijava_state()->esp, p2i(f.unextended_sp()), expression_stack_sz);
+  return res;
 }
 
 inline intptr_t* ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::frame_bottom(const frame& f) { // exclusive; this will not be copied with the frame
-  Unimplemented();
-  return nullptr;
+  return (intptr_t*)f.at_relative(_z_ijava_idx(locals)) + 1; // exclusive; this will not be copied with the frame
 }
 
 inline intptr_t* ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::frame_top(const frame& f, int callee_argsize, bool callee_interpreted) {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return nullptr;
+  intptr_t* pseudo_unextended_sp = f.interpreter_frame_esp() + 1 - frame::metadata_words_at_top;
+  // callee_argsize includes metadata (frame::metadata_words_at_top).
+  // When the callee is interpreted, we add callee_argsize to account for the arguments
+  // that are part of the caller's frame but logically belong to the callee.
+  return pseudo_unextended_sp + (callee_interpreted ? callee_argsize : 0);
 }
 
 inline intptr_t* ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::callers_sp(const frame& f) {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return nullptr;
+  return f.fp();
 }
 
 #endif // CPU_S390_CONTINUATIONHELPER_S390_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.cpp
index b602d0adce5..af4c670132a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2016, 2023 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -54,6 +54,10 @@ void RegisterMap::check_location_valid() {
 // Profiling/safepoint support
 
 bool frame::safe_for_sender(JavaThread *thread) {
+  if (is_heap_frame()) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
   address sp = (address)_sp;
   address fp = (address)_fp;
   address unextended_sp = (address)_unextended_sp;
@@ -120,6 +124,13 @@ bool frame::safe_for_sender(JavaThread *thread) {
     intptr_t* sender_sp = (intptr_t*) fp;
     address   sender_pc = (address)   sender_abi->return_pc;
 
+    if (Continuation::is_return_barrier_entry(sender_pc)) {
+      // If our sender_pc is the return barrier, then our "real" sender is the continuation entry
+      frame s = Continuation::continuation_bottom_sender(thread, *this, sender_sp);
+      sender_sp = s.sp();
+      sender_pc = s.pc();
+    }
+
     // We must always be able to find a recognizable pc.
     CodeBlob* sender_blob = CodeCache::find_blob(sender_pc);
     if (sender_blob == nullptr) {
@@ -192,7 +203,8 @@ void frame::interpreter_frame_set_locals(intptr_t* locs)  {
 // sender_sp
 
 intptr_t* frame::interpreter_frame_sender_sp() const {
-  return sender_sp();
+  assert(is_interpreted_frame(), "interpreted frame expected");
+  return (intptr_t*)at(_z_ijava_idx(sender_sp));
 }
 
 frame frame::sender_for_entry_frame(RegisterMap *map) const {
@@ -244,16 +256,52 @@ frame frame::sender_for_upcall_stub_frame(RegisterMap* map) const {
   frame fr(jfa->last_Java_sp(), jfa->last_Java_pc());
 
   return fr;
+
+}
+
+#if defined(ASSERT)
+static address get_register_address_in_stub(const frame& stub_fr, VMReg reg) {
+  RegisterMap map(nullptr,
+                  RegisterMap::UpdateMap::include,
+                  RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::skip,
+                  RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::skip);
+  stub_fr.oop_map()->update_register_map(&stub_fr, &map);
+  return map.location(reg, stub_fr.sp());
 }
+#endif
 
 JavaThread** frame::saved_thread_address(const frame& f) {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return nullptr;
+  CodeBlob* cb = f.cb();
+  assert(cb != nullptr && cb->is_runtime_stub(), "invalid frame");
+
+  JavaThread** thread_addr;
+#ifdef COMPILER1
+  if (cb == Runtime1::blob_for(StubId::c1_monitorenter_id) ||
+      cb == Runtime1::blob_for(StubId::c1_monitorenter_nofpu_id)) {
+    thread_addr = (JavaThread**)(f.sp() + Runtime1::runtime_blob_current_thread_offset(f));
+  } else
+#endif
+  {
+    // c2 only saves Z_fp in the stub frame so nothing to do.
+    thread_addr = nullptr;
+  }
+  assert(get_register_address_in_stub(f, SharedRuntime::thread_register()) == (address)thread_addr, "wrong thread address");
+  return thread_addr;
 }
 
 frame frame::sender_for_interpreter_frame(RegisterMap *map) const {
-  // Pass callers sender_sp as unextended_sp.
-  return frame(sender_sp(), sender_pc(), (intptr_t*)(ijava_state()->sender_sp));
+  // This is the sp before any possible extension (adapter/locals).
+  intptr_t* unextended_sp = interpreter_frame_sender_sp();
+  address sender_pc = this->sender_pc();
+  if (Continuation::is_return_barrier_entry(sender_pc)) {
+    if (map->walk_cont()) { // about to walk into an h-stack
+      return Continuation::top_frame(*this, map);
+    } else {
+      return Continuation::continuation_bottom_sender(map->thread(), *this, sender_sp());
+    }
+  }
+
+  return frame(sender_sp(), sender_pc, unextended_sp);
 }
 
 void frame::patch_pc(Thread* thread, address pc) {
@@ -284,7 +332,7 @@ void frame::patch_pc(Thread* thread, address pc) {
 
   #ifdef ASSERT
   {
-    frame f(this->sp(), pc, this->unextended_sp());
+    frame f(sp(), unextended_sp(), fp(), pc, cb(), oop_map(), is_heap_frame());
     assert(f.is_deoptimized_frame() == this->is_deoptimized_frame() && f.pc() == this->pc() && f.raw_pc() == this->raw_pc(),
            "must be (f.is_deoptimized_frame(): %d this->is_deoptimized_frame(): %d "
            "f.pc(): " INTPTR_FORMAT " this->pc(): " INTPTR_FORMAT " f.raw_pc(): " INTPTR_FORMAT " this->raw_pc(): " INTPTR_FORMAT ")",
@@ -648,6 +696,8 @@ extern "C" void bt_max(intptr_t *start_sp, intptr_t *top_pc, int max_frames) {
 }
 
 #if !defined(PRODUCT)
+#define DESCRIBE_ADDRESS_MAGIC(name) \
+  values.describe(frame_no, (intptr_t*)&ijava_state()->name, #name "_number_debug");
 
 #define DESCRIBE_ADDRESS(name) \
   values.describe(frame_no, (intptr_t*)&ijava_state()->name, #name);
@@ -656,25 +706,38 @@ void frame::describe_pd(FrameValues& values, int frame_no) {
   if (is_interpreted_frame()) {
     // Describe z_ijava_state elements.
     DESCRIBE_ADDRESS(method);
+    DESCRIBE_ADDRESS(mirror);
     DESCRIBE_ADDRESS(locals);
     DESCRIBE_ADDRESS(monitors);
     DESCRIBE_ADDRESS(cpoolCache);
     DESCRIBE_ADDRESS(bcp);
-    DESCRIBE_ADDRESS(mdx);
     DESCRIBE_ADDRESS(esp);
-    DESCRIBE_ADDRESS(sender_sp);
+    DESCRIBE_ADDRESS(mdx);
     DESCRIBE_ADDRESS(top_frame_sp);
+    DESCRIBE_ADDRESS(sender_sp);
     DESCRIBE_ADDRESS(oop_tmp);
     DESCRIBE_ADDRESS(lresult);
     DESCRIBE_ADDRESS(fresult);
+    DESCRIBE_ADDRESS_MAGIC(magic);
+  }
+
+  if (is_java_frame() || Continuation::is_continuation_enterSpecial(*this)) {
+    intptr_t* ret_pc_loc = (intptr_t*)&own_abi()->return_pc;
+    address ret_pc = *(address*)ret_pc_loc;
+    values.describe(frame_no, ret_pc_loc,
+        Continuation::is_return_barrier_entry(ret_pc) ? "return address (return barrier)" : "return address");
   }
 }
 
 #endif // !PRODUCT
 
 intptr_t *frame::initial_deoptimization_info() {
-  // Used to reset the saved FP.
-  return fp();
+  // `this` is the caller of the deoptee. We want to trim it, if compiled, to
+  // unextended_sp. This is necessary if the deoptee frame is the bottom frame
+  // of a continuation on stack (more frames could be in a StackChunk) as it
+  // will pop its stack args. Otherwise the recursion in
+  // FreezeBase::recurse_freeze_java_frame() would not stop at the bottom frame.
+  return is_compiled_frame() ? unextended_sp() : sp();
 }
 
 BasicObjectLock* frame::interpreter_frame_monitor_end() const {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.hpp
index 664a49fdd21..36fc5970cd8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.hpp
@@ -130,6 +130,7 @@
 
   enum {
     z_native_abi_size = sizeof(z_native_abi),
+    z_abi_160_base_size = sizeof(z_abi_160_base),
     z_abi_160_size = sizeof(z_abi_160_base)
   };
 
@@ -442,6 +443,14 @@
 
  private:
 
+
+ #ifdef ASSERT
+  enum special_backlink_values : uint64_t {
+    NOT_FULLY_INITIALIZED = 0xDEADBEEF8
+  };
+  bool is_fully_initialized()       const { return (uint64_t)_fp != NOT_FULLY_INITIALIZED; }
+#endif // ASSERT
+
   //  STACK:
   //            ...
   //            [THIS_FRAME]             <-- this._sp (stack pointer for this frame)
@@ -452,10 +461,16 @@
   // NOTE: Stack pointer is now held in the base class, so remove it from here.
 
   // Needed by deoptimization.
-  intptr_t* _unextended_sp;
+  union {
+    intptr_t* _unextended_sp;
+    int _offset_unextended_sp; // for use in stack-chunk frames
+  };
 
   // Frame pointer for this frame.
-  intptr_t* _fp;
+  union {
+    intptr_t* _fp;  // frame pointer
+    int _offset_fp; // relative frame pointer for use in stack-chunk frames
+  };
 
  public:
 
@@ -464,17 +479,25 @@
   // Accessors
 
   inline intptr_t* fp() const { assert_absolute(); return _fp; }
+  void set_fp(intptr_t* newfp)  { _fp = newfp; }
+  int offset_fp() const         { assert_offset();  return _offset_fp; }
+  void set_offset_fp(int value) { assert_on_heap(); _offset_fp = value; }
+
+  // Mark a frame as not fully initialized. Must not be used for frames in the valid back chain.
+  void mark_not_fully_initialized() const { DEBUG_ONLY(own_abi()->callers_sp = NOT_FULLY_INITIALIZED;)  }
 
  private:
 
   // Initialize frame members (_pc and _sp must be given)
   inline void setup();
 
- // Constructors
-
  public:
+
+  // Constructors
+  inline frame(intptr_t* sp, intptr_t* fp, address pc);
   // To be used, if sp was not extended to match callee's calling convention.
   inline frame(intptr_t* sp, address pc, intptr_t* unextended_sp = nullptr, intptr_t* fp = nullptr, CodeBlob* cb = nullptr);
+  inline frame(intptr_t* sp, intptr_t* unextended_sp, intptr_t* fp, address pc, CodeBlob* cb, const ImmutableOopMap* oop_map, bool on_heap);
   inline frame(intptr_t* sp, intptr_t* unextended_sp, intptr_t* fp, address pc, CodeBlob* cb, const ImmutableOopMap* oop_map = nullptr);
 
   // Access frame via stack pointer.
@@ -495,11 +518,8 @@
   // template interpreter state
   inline z_ijava_state* ijava_state_unchecked() const;
 
- private:
-
-  inline z_ijava_state* ijava_state() const;
-
  public:
+  inline z_ijava_state* ijava_state() const;
 
   inline intptr_t* interpreter_frame_esp() const;
   // Where z_ijava_state.esp is saved.
@@ -542,14 +562,19 @@
                          unsigned long flags, int max_frames = 0);
 
   enum {
-    metadata_words           = 0,
+    // size, in words, of frame metadata (e.g. pc and link)
+    metadata_words           = sizeof(z_java_abi) >> LogBytesPerWord,
     metadata_words_at_bottom = 0,
-    metadata_words_at_top    = 0,
-    frame_alignment          = 16,
+    metadata_words_at_top    = sizeof(z_java_abi) >> LogBytesPerWord,
+    // in bytes
+    frame_alignment          = 8,
     // size, in words, of maximum shift in frame position due to alignment
-    align_wiggle             =  1
+    align_wiggle             =  0
   };
 
   static jint interpreter_frame_expression_stack_direction() { return -1; }
 
+  // returns the sending frame, without applying any barriers
+  inline frame sender_raw(RegisterMap* map) const;
+
 #endif // CPU_S390_FRAME_S390_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.inline.hpp
index 6fcd36c57d1..e31b0d5a426 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.inline.hpp
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@
 #ifndef CPU_S390_FRAME_S390_INLINE_HPP
 #define CPU_S390_FRAME_S390_INLINE_HPP
 
-#include "code/codeCache.hpp"
+#include "code/codeBlob.inline.hpp"
+#include "code/codeCache.inline.hpp"
 #include "code/vmreg.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
@@ -44,14 +45,25 @@ inline void frame::setup() {
     _cb = CodeCache::find_blob(_pc);
   }
 
-  if (_fp == nullptr) {
-    _fp = (intptr_t*)own_abi()->callers_sp;
-  }
-
   if (_unextended_sp == nullptr) {
     _unextended_sp = _sp;
   }
 
+  if (_fp == nullptr) {
+    // The back link for compiled frames on the heap is not valid
+    if (is_heap_frame()) {
+      // fp for interpreted frames should have been derelativized and passed to the constructor
+      assert(is_compiled_frame()
+             || is_native_frame()   // native wrapper (nmethod) for j.l.Object::wait0
+             || is_runtime_frame(), // e.g. Runtime1::monitorenter, SharedRuntime::complete_monitor_locking_C
+             "sp:" PTR_FORMAT " fp:" PTR_FORMAT " name:%s", p2i(_sp), p2i(_unextended_sp + _cb->frame_size()), _cb->name());
+      // The back link for compiled frames on the heap is invalid.
+      _fp = _unextended_sp + _cb->frame_size();
+    } else {
+      _fp = (intptr_t *) own_abi()->callers_sp;
+    }
+  }
+
   // When thawing continuation frames the _unextended_sp passed to the constructor is not aligend
   assert(_on_heap || (is_aligned(_sp, alignment_in_bytes) && is_aligned(_fp, alignment_in_bytes)),
          "invalid alignment sp:" PTR_FORMAT " unextended_sp:" PTR_FORMAT " fp:" PTR_FORMAT, p2i(_sp), p2i(_unextended_sp), p2i(_fp));
@@ -70,7 +82,12 @@ inline void frame::setup() {
     }
   }
 
-  // assert(_on_heap || is_aligned(_sp, frame::frame_alignment), "SP must be 8-byte aligned");
+  // Continuation frames on the java heap are not aligned.
+  // When thawing interpreted frames the sp can be unaligned (see new_stack_frame()).
+  assert(_on_heap ||
+         ((is_aligned(_sp, alignment_in_bytes) || is_interpreted_frame()) &&
+          (is_aligned(_fp, alignment_in_bytes) || !is_fully_initialized())),
+         "invalid alignment sp:" PTR_FORMAT " unextended_sp:" PTR_FORMAT " fp:" PTR_FORMAT, p2i(_sp), p2i(_unextended_sp), p2i(_fp));
 }
 
 // Constructors
@@ -87,11 +104,26 @@ inline frame::frame(intptr_t* sp, address pc, intptr_t* unextended_sp, intptr_t*
 
 inline frame::frame(intptr_t* sp) : frame(sp, nullptr) {}
 
+inline frame::frame(intptr_t* sp, intptr_t* fp, address pc)
+  : _sp(sp), _pc(pc), _cb(nullptr), _oop_map(nullptr), _deopt_state(unknown),
+    _on_heap(false), DEBUG_ONLY(_frame_index(-1) COMMA) _unextended_sp(nullptr), _fp(fp) {
+  setup();
+}
+
 inline frame::frame(intptr_t* sp, intptr_t* unextended_sp, intptr_t* fp, address pc, CodeBlob* cb, const ImmutableOopMap* oop_map)
   :_sp(sp), _pc(pc), _cb(cb), _oop_map(oop_map), _on_heap(false), DEBUG_ONLY(_frame_index(-1) COMMA) _unextended_sp(unextended_sp), _fp(fp) {
   setup();
 }
 
+inline frame::frame(intptr_t* sp, intptr_t* unextended_sp, intptr_t* fp, address pc, CodeBlob* cb, const ImmutableOopMap* oop_map, bool on_heap)
+  :_sp(sp), _pc(pc), _cb(cb), _oop_map(oop_map), _on_heap(on_heap), DEBUG_ONLY(_frame_index(-1) COMMA) _unextended_sp(unextended_sp), _fp(fp) {
+  // In thaw, non-heap frames use this constructor to pass oop_map.  I don't know why.
+  assert(_on_heap || _cb != nullptr, "these frames are always heap frames");
+  if (cb != nullptr) {
+    setup();
+  }
+}
+
 // Generic constructor. Used by pns() in debug.cpp only
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 inline frame::frame(void* sp, void* pc, void* unextended_sp)
@@ -295,11 +327,11 @@ inline JavaCallWrapper** frame::entry_frame_call_wrapper_addr() const {
 }
 
 inline oop frame::saved_oop_result(RegisterMap* map) const {
-  return *((oop*) map->location(Z_R2->as_VMReg(), nullptr));  // R2 is return register.
+  return *((oop*) map->location(Z_R2->as_VMReg(), sp()));  // R2 is return register.
 }
 
 inline void frame::set_saved_oop_result(RegisterMap* map, oop obj) {
-  *((oop*) map->location(Z_R2->as_VMReg(), nullptr)) = obj;  // R2 is return register.
+  *((oop*) map->location(Z_R2->as_VMReg(), sp())) = obj;  // R2 is return register.
 }
 
 inline intptr_t* frame::real_fp() const {
@@ -307,40 +339,55 @@ inline intptr_t* frame::real_fp() const {
 }
 
 inline int frame::compiled_frame_stack_argsize() const {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return 0;
+  assert(cb()->is_nmethod(), "what ?");
+  return (cb()->as_nmethod()->num_stack_arg_slots() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size) >> LogBytesPerWord;
 }
 
 inline void frame::interpreted_frame_oop_map(InterpreterOopMap* mask) const {
-  Unimplemented();
+  assert(mask != nullptr, "");
+  Method* m = interpreter_frame_method();
+  int   bci = interpreter_frame_bci();
+  m->mask_for(bci, mask); // OopMapCache::compute_one_oop_map(m, bci, mask);
 }
 
 inline int frame::sender_sp_ret_address_offset() {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return 0;
+  return -(int)(_z_common_abi(return_pc) >> LogBytesPerWord);
 }
 
 inline void frame::set_unextended_sp(intptr_t* value) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  _unextended_sp = value;
 }
 
 inline int frame::offset_unextended_sp() const {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return 0;
+  assert_offset();   return _offset_unextended_sp;
 }
 
 inline void frame::set_offset_unextended_sp(int value) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  assert_on_heap();  _offset_unextended_sp = value;
 }
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // frame::sender
 
 inline frame frame::sender(RegisterMap* map) const {
+  frame result = sender_raw(map);
+
+  if (map->process_frames() && !map->in_cont()) {
+    StackWatermarkSet::on_iteration(map->thread(), result);
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+inline frame frame::sender_raw(RegisterMap* map) const {
   // Default is we don't have to follow them. The sender_for_xxx will
   // update it accordingly.
   map->set_include_argument_oops(false);
 
+  if (map->in_cont()) { // already in an h-stack
+    return map->stack_chunk()->sender(*this, map);
+  }
+
   if (is_entry_frame())       return sender_for_entry_frame(map);
   if (is_upcall_stub_frame()) return sender_for_upcall_stub_frame(map);
   if (is_interpreted_frame()) return sender_for_interpreter_frame(map);
@@ -362,12 +409,31 @@ inline frame frame::sender_for_compiled_frame(RegisterMap *map) const {
   // Now adjust the map.
   if (map->update_map()) {
     // Tell GC to use argument oopmaps for some runtime stubs that need it.
-    map->set_include_argument_oops(_cb->caller_must_gc_arguments(map->thread()));
-    if (_cb->oop_maps() != nullptr) {
-      OopMapSet::update_register_map(this, map);
+
+    // For C1, some runtime stubs don't have oop maps (e.g., slow_subtype_check,
+    // unwind_exception), so set this flag outside of update_register_map to ensure
+    // the GC can handle arguments correctly even when oop_map() is null.
+    if (!_cb->is_nmethod()) { // compiled frames do not use callee-saved registers
+      map->set_include_argument_oops(_cb->caller_must_gc_arguments(map->thread()));
+      if (oop_map() != nullptr) {
+        _oop_map->update_register_map(this, map);
+      }
+    } else {
+      assert(!_cb->caller_must_gc_arguments(map->thread()), "");
+      assert(!map->include_argument_oops(), "");
+      assert(oop_map() == nullptr || !oop_map()->has_any(OopMapValue::callee_saved_value), "callee-saved value in compiled frame");
     }
   }
 
+  assert(sender_sp != sp(), "must have changed");
+
+  if (Continuation::is_return_barrier_entry(sender_pc)) {
+    if (map->walk_cont()) { // about to walk into an h-stack
+      return Continuation::top_frame(*this, map);
+    } else {
+      return Continuation::continuation_bottom_sender(map->thread(), *this, sender_sp);
+    }
+  }
   return frame(sender_sp, sender_pc);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/globals_s390.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/globals_s390.hpp
index 80ed6d1acc8..745a6171ca2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/globals_s390.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/globals_s390.hpp
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ define_pd_global(intx,  StackRedPages,               DEFAULT_STACK_RED_PAGES);
 define_pd_global(intx,  StackShadowPages,            DEFAULT_STACK_SHADOW_PAGES);
 define_pd_global(intx,  StackReservedPages,          DEFAULT_STACK_RESERVED_PAGES);
 
-define_pd_global(bool,  VMContinuations, false);
+define_pd_global(bool,  VMContinuations, true);
 
 define_pd_global(bool, RewriteBytecodes,     true);
 define_pd_global(bool, RewriteFrequentPairs, true);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.cpp
index d50cb833e68..5d86a0c3182 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.cpp
@@ -165,6 +165,109 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::dispatch_via(TosState state, address *table) {
 // to perform additional, template interpreter specific tasks before actually
 // calling their MacroAssembler counterparts.
 
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::call_VM_preemptable(Register oop_result, address entry_point,
+                                        Register arg_1, bool check_exceptions) {
+  if (!Continuations::enabled()) {
+    call_VM(oop_result, entry_point, arg_1, check_exceptions);
+    return;
+  }
+  call_VM_preemptable(oop_result, entry_point, arg_1, noreg /* arg_2 */, check_exceptions);
+}
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::call_VM_preemptable(Register oop_result, address entry_point,
+                                        Register arg_1, Register arg_2, bool check_exceptions) {
+  if (!Continuations::enabled()) {
+    call_VM(oop_result, entry_point, arg_1, arg_2, check_exceptions);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  Label resume_pc, not_preempted;
+  Register tmp = Z_R1_scratch;
+  assert(InterpreterRuntime::is_preemptable_call(entry_point), "VM call not preemptable, should use call_VM()");
+  assert_different_registers(arg_1, tmp);
+  assert_different_registers(arg_2, tmp);
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  {
+    NearLabel L1;
+    asm_assert_mem8_is_zero(in_bytes(JavaThread::preempt_alternate_return_offset()), Z_thread,
+                           "Should not have alternate return address set", 100);
+    // We check this counter in patch_return_pc_with_preempt_stub() during freeze.
+    z_asi(Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::interp_at_preemptable_vmcall_cnt_offset()), 1);
+    z_lt(tmp, Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::interp_at_preemptable_vmcall_cnt_offset()));
+    z_brh(L1);
+    stop("call_VM_preemptable_helper: should be > 0");
+    bind(L1);
+  }
+#endif // ASSERT
+
+  lgr_if_needed(Z_ARG2, arg_1);
+  assert(arg_2 != Z_ARG2, "smashed argument");
+
+  if (arg_2 != noreg) {
+    lgr_if_needed(Z_ARG3, arg_2);
+  }
+
+  // Force freeze slow path.
+  push_cont_fastpath();
+  // Make VM call. In case of preemption set last_pc to the one we want to resume to.
+  // Note: call_VM_base will use resume_pc label to set last_Java_pc.
+  call_VM(noreg, entry_point, false /*check_exceptions*/, &resume_pc /* last_java_pc */);
+  pop_cont_fastpath();
+
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  {
+    NearLabel L;
+    z_asi(Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::interp_at_preemptable_vmcall_cnt_offset()), -1);
+    z_lt(tmp, Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::interp_at_preemptable_vmcall_cnt_offset()));
+    z_brnl(L);
+    stop("call_VM_preemptable_helper: should be >= 0");
+    bind(L);
+  }
+#endif // ASSERT
+
+  // Check if preempted.
+  z_ltg(tmp, Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::preempt_alternate_return_offset()));
+  z_brz(not_preempted);
+
+  // Preempted. Frames are already frozen on heap.
+  z_mvghi(Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::preempt_alternate_return_offset()), 0);
+  z_br(tmp);  // branch to handler in Z_R1_scratch
+
+  bind(resume_pc); // Location to resume execution
+  restore_after_resume();
+
+  bind(not_preempted);
+
+  if (check_exceptions) {
+    NearLabel ok;
+    load_and_test_long(tmp, Address(Z_thread, Thread::pending_exception_offset()));
+    z_bre(ok);
+    load_const_optimized(tmp, StubRoutines::forward_exception_entry());
+    z_br(tmp);
+    bind(ok);
+  }
+
+  // get oop result if there is one and reset the value in the thread
+  if (oop_result->is_valid()) {
+    get_vm_result_oop(oop_result);
+  }
+}
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::restore_after_resume() {
+  if (!Continuations::enabled()) return;
+  load_const_optimized(Z_R1, Interpreter::cont_resume_interpreter_adapter());
+  call(Z_R1);
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  NearLabel ok;
+  z_cg(Z_fp, _z_common_abi(callers_sp), Z_SP);
+  z_bre(ok);
+  stop(FILE_AND_LINE ": FP is expected in Z_fp");
+  bind(ok);
+#endif // ASSERT
+}
+
 void InterpreterMacroAssembler::call_VM_leaf_base(address entry_point) {
   bool allow_relocation = true; // Fenerally valid variant. Assume code is relocated.
   // interpreter specific
@@ -193,20 +296,20 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::call_VM_base(Register oop_result, Register last_
   save_esp();
   // super call
   MacroAssembler::call_VM_base(oop_result, last_java_sp,
-                               entry_point, allow_relocation, check_exceptions);
+                               entry_point, allow_relocation, check_exceptions, nullptr);
   restore_bcp();
 }
 
 void InterpreterMacroAssembler::call_VM_base(Register oop_result, Register last_java_sp,
                                              address entry_point, bool allow_relocation,
-                                             bool check_exceptions) {
+                                             bool check_exceptions, Label* last_java_pc) {
   // interpreter specific
 
   save_bcp();
   save_esp();
   // super call
   MacroAssembler::call_VM_base(oop_result, last_java_sp,
-                               entry_point, allow_relocation, check_exceptions);
+                               entry_point, allow_relocation, check_exceptions, last_java_pc);
   restore_bcp();
 }
 
@@ -697,7 +800,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::get_monitors(Register reg) {
   bind(ok);
 #endif // ASSERT
   mem2reg_opt(reg, Address(Z_fp, _z_ijava_state_neg(monitors)));
-  z_slag(reg, reg, Interpreter::logStackElementSize);
+  z_slag(reg, reg, Interpreter::logStackElementSize); // sign preserved
   z_agr(reg, Z_fp);
 }
 
@@ -968,6 +1071,14 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::remove_activation(TosState state,
                                                   bool install_monitor_exception,
                                                   bool notify_jvmti) {
   BLOCK_COMMENT("remove_activation {");
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  {
+    asm_assert_mem8_is_zero(in_bytes(JavaThread::preempt_alternate_return_offset()), Z_thread,
+                          "remove_activation: should not have alternate return address set", 101);
+  }
+#endif // ASSERT
+
   unlock_if_synchronized_method(state, throw_monitor_exception, install_monitor_exception);
 
   // Save result (push state before jvmti call and pop it afterwards) and notify jvmti.
@@ -1003,6 +1114,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::remove_activation(TosState state,
   verify_oop(Z_tos, state);
 
   pop_interpreter_frame(return_pc, Z_ARG2, Z_ARG3);
+  pop_cont_fastpath();
   BLOCK_COMMENT("} remove_activation");
 }
 
@@ -1023,9 +1135,9 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::lock_object(Register monitor, Register object) {
   z_bru(done);
 
   bind(slow_case);
-  call_VM(noreg,
-          CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::monitorenter),
-          monitor);
+  call_VM_preemptable(noreg,
+                      CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::monitorenter),
+                      monitor);
   bind(done);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.hpp
index a210588d062..6921fd05ff0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.hpp
@@ -46,7 +46,8 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
                             Register last_java_sp,
                             address  entry_point,
                             bool allow_relocation,
-                            bool check_exceptions);
+                            bool check_exceptions,
+                            Label *last_java_pc);
 
   // Base routine for all dispatches.
   void dispatch_base(TosState state, address* table, bool generate_poll = false);
@@ -55,9 +56,14 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
   InterpreterMacroAssembler(CodeBuffer* c)
     : MacroAssembler(c) {}
 
+  void restore_after_resume();
   virtual void check_and_handle_popframe(Register java_thread);
   virtual void check_and_handle_earlyret(Register java_thread);
 
+  // Use for vthread preemption
+  void call_VM_preemptable(Register oop_result, address entry_point, Register arg_1, bool check_exceptions = true);
+  void call_VM_preemptable(Register oop_result, address entry_point, Register arg_1, Register arg_2, bool check_exceptions = true);
+
   void jump_to_entry(address entry, Register Rscratch);
 
   virtual void load_earlyret_value(TosState state);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp
index ea75d483e5f..5d5c7570e27 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
 #include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
+#include "interpreter/interpreterRuntime.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/cardTableBarrierSet.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
@@ -1932,6 +1933,12 @@ unsigned long MacroAssembler::patched_branch(address dest_pos, unsigned long ins
 // Only called when binding labels (share/vm/asm/assembler.cpp)
 // Pass arguments as intended. Do not pre-calculate distance.
 void MacroAssembler::pd_patch_instruction(address branch, address target, const char* file, int line) {
+
+  if (is_load_const(branch)) {
+    patch_const(branch, (long)target);
+    return;
+  }
+
   unsigned long stub_inst;
   int           inst_len = get_instruction(branch, &stub_inst);
 
@@ -2249,7 +2256,8 @@ void MacroAssembler::call_VM_base(Register oop_result,
                                   Register last_java_sp,
                                   address  entry_point,
                                   bool     allow_relocation,
-                                  bool     check_exceptions) { // Defaults to true.
+                                  bool     check_exceptions, // Defaults to true.
+                                  Label    *last_java_pc) {
   // Allow_relocation indicates, if true, that the generated code shall
   // be fit for code relocation or referenced data relocation. In other
   // words: all addresses must be considered variable. PC-relative addressing
@@ -2263,7 +2271,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::call_VM_base(Register oop_result,
     last_java_sp = Z_SP;  // Load Z_SP as SP.
   }
 
-  set_top_ijava_frame_at_SP_as_last_Java_frame(last_java_sp, Z_R1, allow_relocation);
+  set_top_ijava_frame_at_SP_as_last_Java_frame(last_java_sp, Z_R1, allow_relocation, last_java_pc);
 
   // ARG1 must hold thread address.
   z_lgr(Z_ARG1, Z_thread);
@@ -2309,14 +2317,14 @@ void MacroAssembler::call_VM_base(Register oop_result,
                                   address  entry_point,
                                   bool     check_exceptions) { // Defaults to true.
   bool allow_relocation = true;
-  call_VM_base(oop_result, last_java_sp, entry_point, allow_relocation, check_exceptions);
+  call_VM_base(oop_result, last_java_sp, entry_point, allow_relocation, check_exceptions, nullptr);
 }
 
 // VM calls without explicit last_java_sp.
 
-void MacroAssembler::call_VM(Register oop_result, address entry_point, bool check_exceptions) {
+void MacroAssembler::call_VM(Register oop_result, address entry_point, bool check_exceptions, Label* last_java_pc) {
   // Call takes possible detour via InterpreterMacroAssembler.
-  call_VM_base(oop_result, noreg, entry_point, true, check_exceptions);
+  call_VM_base(oop_result, noreg, entry_point, true, check_exceptions, last_java_pc);
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::call_VM(Register oop_result, address entry_point, Register arg_1, bool check_exceptions) {
@@ -2348,7 +2356,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::call_VM(Register oop_result, address entry_point, Register
 
 void MacroAssembler::call_VM_static(Register oop_result, address entry_point, bool check_exceptions) {
   // Call takes possible detour via InterpreterMacroAssembler.
-  call_VM_base(oop_result, noreg, entry_point, false, check_exceptions);
+  call_VM_base(oop_result, noreg, entry_point, false, check_exceptions, nullptr);
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::call_VM_static(Register oop_result, address entry_point, Register arg_1, Register arg_2,
@@ -2366,7 +2374,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::call_VM_static(Register oop_result, address entry_point, Re
 
 void MacroAssembler::call_VM(Register oop_result, Register last_java_sp, address entry_point, bool check_exceptions) {
   // Call takes possible detour via InterpreterMacroAssembler.
-  call_VM_base(oop_result, last_java_sp, entry_point, true, check_exceptions);
+  call_VM_base(oop_result, last_java_sp, entry_point, true, check_exceptions, nullptr);
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::call_VM(Register oop_result, Register last_java_sp, address entry_point, Register arg_1, bool check_exceptions) {
@@ -3810,19 +3818,21 @@ void MacroAssembler::set_last_Java_frame(Register last_Java_sp, Register last_Ja
   BLOCK_COMMENT("} set_last_Java_frame");
 }
 
-void MacroAssembler::reset_last_Java_frame(bool allow_relocation) {
+void MacroAssembler::reset_last_Java_frame(bool check_last_java_sp, bool allow_relocation) {
   BLOCK_COMMENT("reset_last_Java_frame {");
 
-  if (allow_relocation) {
-    asm_assert_mem8_isnot_zero(in_bytes(JavaThread::last_Java_sp_offset()),
-                               Z_thread,
-                               "SP was not set, still zero",
-                               0x202);
-  } else {
-    asm_assert_mem8_isnot_zero_static(in_bytes(JavaThread::last_Java_sp_offset()),
-                                      Z_thread,
-                                      "SP was not set, still zero",
-                                      0x202);
+  if (check_last_java_sp) {
+    if (allow_relocation) {
+      asm_assert_mem8_isnot_zero(in_bytes(JavaThread::last_Java_sp_offset()),
+                                 Z_thread,
+                                 "SP was not set, still zero",
+                                 0x202);
+    } else {
+      asm_assert_mem8_isnot_zero_static(in_bytes(JavaThread::last_Java_sp_offset()),
+                                        Z_thread,
+                                        "SP was not set, still zero",
+                                        0x202);
+    }
   }
 
   // _last_Java_sp = 0
@@ -3836,15 +3846,14 @@ void MacroAssembler::reset_last_Java_frame(bool allow_relocation) {
   return;
 }
 
-void MacroAssembler::set_top_ijava_frame_at_SP_as_last_Java_frame(Register sp, Register tmp1, bool allow_relocation) {
+void MacroAssembler::set_top_ijava_frame_at_SP_as_last_Java_frame(Register sp, Register tmp1, bool allow_relocation, Label* jpc) {
   assert_different_registers(sp, tmp1);
 
-  // We cannot trust that code generated by the C++ compiler saves R14
-  // to z_abi_160.return_pc, because sometimes it spills R14 using stmg at
-  // z_abi_160.gpr14 (e.g. InterpreterRuntime::_new()).
-  // Therefore we load the PC into tmp1 and let set_last_Java_frame() save
-  // it into the frame anchor.
-  get_PC(tmp1);
+  if (jpc == nullptr || jpc->is_bound()) {
+    load_const_optimized(tmp1, jpc == nullptr ? pc() : target(*jpc));
+  } else {
+    load_const(tmp1, *jpc);
+  }
   set_last_Java_frame(/*sp=*/sp, /*pc=*/tmp1, allow_relocation);
 }
 
@@ -5890,7 +5899,7 @@ bool is_excluded(Register excluded_register[], Register reg, int n) {
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::clobber_volatile_registers(Register excluded_register[], int n) {
-  const int magic_number = 0x82;
+  const int magic_number = 0xbadbad;
 
   for (int i = 0; i < 6 /* R0 to R5 */; i++) {
     Register reg = as_Register(i);
@@ -5899,6 +5908,26 @@ void MacroAssembler::clobber_volatile_registers(Register excluded_register[], in
     }
   }
 }
+
+void MacroAssembler::clobber_nonvolatile_registers() {
+  BLOCK_COMMENT("clobber_nonvolatile_registers {");
+  static const Register regs[] = {
+    Z_R6,
+    Z_R7,
+    // don't zap Z_thread (Z_R8)
+    Z_R9,
+    Z_R10,
+    Z_R11,
+    Z_R12,
+    Z_R13
+  };
+  Register bad = regs[0];
+  load_const_optimized(bad, 0xbad0101babe11111);
+  for (uint32_t i = 1; i < (sizeof(regs) / sizeof(Register)); i++) {
+    z_lgr(regs[i], bad);
+  }
+  BLOCK_COMMENT("} clobber_nonvolatile_registers");
+}
 #endif // ASSERT
 
 // Save and restore functions: Exclude Z_R0.
@@ -6742,6 +6771,39 @@ void MacroAssembler::pop_count_int_with_ext3(Register r_dst, Register r_src) {
   BLOCK_COMMENT("} pop_count_int_with_ext3");
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::post_call_nop() {
+  // Make inline again when loom is always enabled.
+  if (!Continuations::enabled()) {
+    return;
+  }
+  nop();
+  // TODO:
+  // 1. https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8300002
+  // 2. https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8290965
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::push_cont_fastpath() {
+  BLOCK_COMMENT("push_cont_fastpath {");
+  if (!Continuations::enabled()) return;
+  NearLabel done;
+  z_clg(Z_SP, Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::cont_fastpath_offset()));
+  z_brnh(done); // bcondNotHigh -> less than equal
+  z_stg(Z_SP, Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::cont_fastpath_offset()));
+  bind(done);
+  BLOCK_COMMENT("} push_cont_fastpath");
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::pop_cont_fastpath() {
+  BLOCK_COMMENT("pop_cont_fastpath {");
+  if (!Continuations::enabled()) return;
+  NearLabel done;
+  z_clg(Z_SP, Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::cont_fastpath_offset()));
+  z_brl(done);
+  z_mvghi(Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::cont_fastpath_offset()), 0);
+  bind(done);
+  BLOCK_COMMENT("} pop_cont_fastpath");
+}
+
 // LOAD HALFWORD IMMEDIATE ON CONDITION (32 <- 16)
 void MacroAssembler::load_on_condition_imm_32(Register dst, int64_t i2, branch_condition cc) {
   if (VM_Version::has_LoadStoreConditional2()) { // z_lochi works on z13 or above
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.hpp
index 8e2834ba9b7..9dd4054a36c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.hpp
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2016, 2024 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2024 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -525,12 +525,13 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
     Register        last_java_sp,     // To set up last_Java_frame in stubs; use noreg otherwise.
     address         entry_point,      // The entry point.
     bool            allow_relocation, // Flag to request generation of relocatable code.
-    bool            check_exception); // Flag which indicates if exception should be checked.
+    bool            check_exception,  // Flag which indicates if exception should be checked.
+    Label           *last_java_pc);
 
   // Call into the VM.
   // Passes the thread pointer (in Z_ARG1) as a prepended argument.
   // Makes sure oop return values are visible to the GC.
-  void call_VM(Register oop_result, address entry_point, bool check_exceptions = true);
+  void call_VM(Register oop_result, address entry_point, bool check_exceptions = true, Label* last_java_pc = nullptr);
   void call_VM(Register oop_result, address entry_point, Register arg_1, bool check_exceptions = true);
   void call_VM(Register oop_result, address entry_point, Register arg_1, Register arg_2, bool check_exceptions = true);
   void call_VM(Register oop_result, address entry_point, Register arg_1, Register arg_2,
@@ -575,6 +576,8 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   // Get the pc where the last call will return to. Returns _last_calls_return_pc.
   inline address last_calls_return_pc();
 
+  void post_call_nop();
+
   static int ic_check_size();
   int ic_check(int end_alignment);
 
@@ -805,14 +808,14 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   // Support for last Java frame (but use call_VM instead where possible).
  private:
   void set_last_Java_frame(Register last_Java_sp, Register last_Java_pc, bool allow_relocation);
-  void reset_last_Java_frame(bool allow_relocation);
-  void set_top_ijava_frame_at_SP_as_last_Java_frame(Register sp, Register tmp1, bool allow_relocation);
+  void reset_last_Java_frame(bool check_last_java_sp, bool allow_relocation);
+  void set_top_ijava_frame_at_SP_as_last_Java_frame(Register sp, Register tmp1, bool allow_relocation, Label* last_java_pc = nullptr);
  public:
   inline void set_last_Java_frame(Register last_java_sp, Register last_Java_pc);
   inline void set_last_Java_frame_static(Register last_java_sp, Register last_Java_pc);
-  inline void reset_last_Java_frame(void);
-  inline void reset_last_Java_frame_static(void);
-  inline void set_top_ijava_frame_at_SP_as_last_Java_frame(Register sp, Register tmp1);
+  inline void reset_last_Java_frame(bool check_last_java_sp = true);
+  inline void reset_last_Java_frame_static(bool check_last_java_sp = true);
+  inline void set_top_ijava_frame_at_SP_as_last_Java_frame(Register sp, Register tmp1, Label* jpc = nullptr);
   inline void set_top_ijava_frame_at_SP_as_last_Java_frame_static(Register sp, Register tmp1);
 
   void set_thread_state(JavaThreadState new_state);
@@ -979,6 +982,10 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   }
   void asm_assert_frame_size(Register expected_size, Register tmp, const char* msg, int id);
 
+  // Load bad values into registers that are nonvolatile according to the ABI except Z_thread.
+  // This is done after vthread preemption and before vthread resume.
+  void clobber_nonvolatile_registers() NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
+
   // Save and restore functions: Exclude Z_R0.
   void save_volatile_regs(   Register dst, int offset, bool include_fp, bool include_flags);
   void restore_volatile_regs(Register src, int offset, bool include_fp, bool include_flags);
@@ -1109,6 +1116,9 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   void pop_count_int_with_ext3(Register dst, Register src);
   void pop_count_long_with_ext3(Register dst, Register src);
 
+  void push_cont_fastpath();
+  void pop_cont_fastpath();
+
   void load_on_condition_imm_32(Register dst, int64_t i2, branch_condition cc);
   void load_on_condition_imm_64(Register dst, int64_t i2, branch_condition cc);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.inline.hpp
index 72724fb66d1..24bec32f8b4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2016, 2023 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -295,16 +295,16 @@ inline void MacroAssembler::set_last_Java_frame_static(Register last_Java_sp, Re
   set_last_Java_frame(last_Java_sp, last_Java_pc, false);
 }
 
-inline void MacroAssembler::reset_last_Java_frame(void) {
-  reset_last_Java_frame(true);
+inline void MacroAssembler::reset_last_Java_frame(bool check_last_java_sp) {
+  reset_last_Java_frame(check_last_java_sp, true);
 }
 
-inline void MacroAssembler::reset_last_Java_frame_static(void) {
-  reset_last_Java_frame(false);
+inline void MacroAssembler::reset_last_Java_frame_static(bool check_last_java_sp) {
+  reset_last_Java_frame(check_last_java_sp, false);
 }
 
-inline void MacroAssembler::set_top_ijava_frame_at_SP_as_last_Java_frame(Register sp, Register tmp1) {
-  set_top_ijava_frame_at_SP_as_last_Java_frame(sp, tmp1, true);
+inline void MacroAssembler::set_top_ijava_frame_at_SP_as_last_Java_frame(Register sp, Register tmp1, Label *jpc) {
+  set_top_ijava_frame_at_SP_as_last_Java_frame(sp, tmp1, true, jpc);
 }
 
 inline void MacroAssembler::set_top_ijava_frame_at_SP_as_last_Java_frame_static(Register sp, Register tmp1) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/nativeInst_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/nativeInst_s390.cpp
index 546f8b13397..3520e9a3493 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/nativeInst_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/nativeInst_s390.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2016 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -630,3 +630,32 @@ void NativeGeneralJump::replace_mt_safe(address instr_addr, address code_buffer)
   *(intptr_t*)instr_addr = load_const_bytes | bytes_after_jump;
   ICache::invalidate_range(instr_addr, 6);
 }
+
+void NativeDeoptInstruction::verify() {
+}
+
+void NativePostCallNop::make_deopt() {
+  NativeDeoptInstruction::insert(addr_at(0));
+}
+
+void NativeDeoptInstruction::insert(address code_pos) {
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  int code_size = 2; // z_illtrap is of 2 bytes
+  CodeBuffer cb(code_pos, code_size + 1);
+  MacroAssembler* a = new MacroAssembler(&cb);
+  a->z_illtrap();
+  // forcing CPU to reload these 2 bytes of instruction by setting current range invalid
+  ICache::invalidate_range(code_pos, code_size);
+}
+
+bool NativeDeoptInstruction::is_deopt_at(address instr){
+  // Check if the instruction is an illtrap (illegal instruction used for deoptimization)
+  if (!Assembler::is_z_illtrap(instr)) return false;
+
+  // Verify the instruction belongs to an nmethod
+  CodeBlob* cb = CodeCache::find_blob(instr);
+  if (cb == nullptr || !cb->is_nmethod()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/nativeInst_s390.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/nativeInst_s390.hpp
index 9852bc410b1..0ba97830bb7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/nativeInst_s390.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/nativeInst_s390.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2016, 2024 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -82,6 +82,11 @@ class NativeInstruction {
 
   bool is_illegal();
 
+  bool is_nop() const {
+    // TODO update: https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8290965
+    return Assembler::is_z_nop(addr_at(0));
+  }
+
   // Bcrl is currently the only accepted instruction here.
   bool is_jump();
 
@@ -650,39 +655,40 @@ class NativeGeneralJump: public NativeInstruction {
 class NativePostCallNop: public NativeInstruction {
 public:
   enum z_specific_constants {
-    // Once the check is implemented, this has to specify number of bytes checked on the first
-    // read. If the check would read beyond size of the instruction at the deopt handler stub
-    // code entry point, then it has to happen in two stages - to prevent out of bounds access
-    // in case the return address points to the entry point which could be at the end of page.
-    first_check_size = 0 // check is unimplemented
+    // The check reads a 2-byte nop instruction. Since s390 nop is 2 bytes (BCR instruction),
+    // we can safely read it in a single stage without risk of out-of-bounds access.
+    // The nop instruction is checked by is_nop() which reads a short (2 bytes).
+    first_check_size = 2
   };
-  bool check() const { Unimplemented(); return false; }
+  bool check() const { return is_nop(); }
   bool decode(int32_t& oopmap_slot, int32_t& cb_offset) const { return false; }
   bool patch(int32_t oopmap_slot, int32_t cb_offset) { Unimplemented(); return false; }
-  void make_deopt() { Unimplemented(); }
+  void make_deopt();
 };
 
 inline NativePostCallNop* nativePostCallNop_at(address address) {
-  // Unimplemented();
+    NativePostCallNop* nop = (NativePostCallNop*) address;
+  if (nop->check()) {
+    return nop;
+  }
   return nullptr;
 }
 
 class NativeDeoptInstruction: public NativeInstruction {
 public:
-  address instruction_address() const       { Unimplemented(); return nullptr; }
-  address next_instruction_address() const  { Unimplemented(); return nullptr; }
+  enum {
+    instruction_offset          =    0
+  };
 
-  void  verify() { Unimplemented(); }
+  address instruction_address() const       { return addr_at(instruction_offset); }
+  address next_instruction_address() const  { return instruction_address() + Assembler::instr_len(addr_at(0)); }
 
-  static bool is_deopt_at(address instr) {
-    // Unimplemented();
-    return false;
-  }
+  void  verify();
+
+  static bool is_deopt_at(address instr);
 
   // MT-safe patching
-  static void insert(address code_pos) {
-    Unimplemented();
-  }
+  static void insert(address code_pos);
 };
 
 #endif // CPU_S390_NATIVEINST_S390_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
index c0e51bd2bfd..6cdf40cda9c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
@@ -2361,6 +2361,7 @@ encode %{
     unsigned int actual_ret_off = __ offset();
     assert(start_off + size_of_code == actual_ret_off, "wrong return_pc");
 #endif
+    __ post_call_nop();
   %}
 
   enc_class z_enc_java_static_call(method meth) %{
@@ -2393,6 +2394,7 @@ encode %{
     }
 
     __ clear_inst_mark();
+    __ post_call_nop();
   %}
 
   // Java dynamic call
@@ -2449,6 +2451,7 @@ encode %{
       __ z_basr(Z_R14, Z_R1_scratch);
       unsigned int ret_off = __ offset();
     }
+    __ post_call_nop();
   %}
 
   enc_class z_enc_cmov_reg(cmpOp cmp, iRegI dst, iRegI src) %{
@@ -5557,6 +5560,38 @@ instruct compareAndSwapN_bool(iRegP mem_ptr, rarg5RegN oldval, iRegN_P2N newval,
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_dummy);
 %}
 
+instruct compareAndExchangeN(iRegN res, iRegP mem_ptr, rarg5RegN oldval, iRegN_P2N newval, flagsReg cr) %{
+  match(Set res (CompareAndExchangeN mem_ptr (Binary oldval newval)));
+  predicate(n->as_LoadStore()->barrier_data() == 0);
+  effect(TEMP_DEF res, USE mem_ptr, USE_KILL oldval, KILL cr);
+  format %{ "$res = CompareAndExchangeN $oldval,$newval,$mem_ptr" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    Register Rcomp = reg_to_register_object($oldval$$reg);
+    Register Rnew  = reg_to_register_object($newval$$reg);
+    Register Raddr = reg_to_register_object($mem_ptr$$reg);
+    Register Rres  = reg_to_register_object($res$$reg);
+    __ z_lr(Rres, Rcomp);
+    __ z_cs(Rres, Rnew, 0, Raddr);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_dummy);
+%}
+
+instruct compareAndExchangeP(iRegP res, iRegP mem_ptr, rarg5RegP oldval, iRegP_N2P newval, flagsReg cr) %{
+  match(Set res (CompareAndExchangeP mem_ptr (Binary oldval newval)));
+  predicate(n->as_LoadStore()->barrier_data() == 0);
+  effect(TEMP_DEF res, USE mem_ptr, USE_KILL oldval, KILL cr);
+  format %{ "$res = CompareAndExchangeP $oldval,$newval,$mem_ptr" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    Register Rcomp = reg_to_register_object($oldval$$reg);
+    Register Rnew  = reg_to_register_object($newval$$reg);
+    Register Raddr = reg_to_register_object($mem_ptr$$reg);
+    Register Rres  = reg_to_register_object($res$$reg);
+    __ z_lgr(Rres, Rcomp);
+    __ z_csg(Rres, Rnew, 0, Raddr);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_dummy);
+%}
+
 //----------Atomic operations on memory (GetAndSet*, GetAndAdd*)---------------
 
 // Exploit: direct memory arithmetic
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/sharedRuntime_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/sharedRuntime_s390.cpp
index e5a27e66968..1a13e76e930 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/sharedRuntime_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/sharedRuntime_s390.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2016, 2024 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -37,6 +38,8 @@
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "prims/methodHandles.hpp"
 #include "registerSaver_s390.hpp"
+#include "runtime/continuation.hpp"
+#include "runtime/continuationEntry.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/jniHandles.hpp"
 #include "runtime/safepointMechanism.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
@@ -1339,6 +1342,395 @@ static void move32_64(MacroAssembler *masm,
 // Wrap a JNI call.
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 #undef USE_RESIZE_FRAME
+
+static void check_continuation_enter_argument(VMReg actual_vmreg,
+                                              Register expected_reg,
+                                              const char* name) {
+  assert(!actual_vmreg->is_stack(), "%s cannot be on stack", name);
+  assert(actual_vmreg->as_Register() == expected_reg,
+         "%s is in unexpected register: %s instead of %s",
+         name, actual_vmreg->as_Register()->name(), expected_reg->name());
+}
+
+//---------------------------- continuation_enter_setup ---------------------------
+//
+// Frame setup.
+//
+// Arguments:
+//   None.
+//
+// Results:
+//   Z_SP: pointer to blank ContinuationEntry in the pushed frame.
+//
+// Kills:
+//   Nothing
+//
+static OopMap* continuation_enter_setup(MacroAssembler* masm, int& framesize_words) {
+
+  assert(ContinuationEntry::size() % VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size == 0, "");
+  assert(in_bytes(ContinuationEntry::cont_offset())  % VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size == 0, "");
+  assert(in_bytes(ContinuationEntry::chunk_offset()) % VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size == 0, "");
+
+  const int frame_size_in_bytes = (int)ContinuationEntry::size();
+  assert(is_aligned(frame_size_in_bytes, frame::alignment_in_bytes), "alignment error");
+
+  framesize_words = frame_size_in_bytes / wordSize;
+
+  DEBUG_ONLY(__ block_comment("continuation_enter_setup {"));
+  __ save_return_pc(); // preserve current Z_R14
+  __ push_frame(frame_size_in_bytes);
+
+  OopMap* map = new OopMap((int)frame_size_in_bytes / VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size, 0 /* arg_slots*/);
+  __ z_mvc(Address(Z_SP, ContinuationEntry::parent_offset()), /* move to */
+           Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::cont_entry_offset()), /* move from */
+           sizeof(ContinuationEntry*) /* size of data to be moved */
+           );
+  __ z_stg(Z_SP, Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::cont_entry_offset()));
+  DEBUG_ONLY(__ block_comment("} continuation_enter_setup"));
+  return map;
+}
+
+//---------------------------- fill_continuation_entry ---------------------------
+//
+// Initialize the new ContinuationEntry.
+//
+// Arguments:
+//   Z_SP         : pointer to blank Continuation entry
+//   reg_cont_obj : pointer to the continuation
+//   reg_flags    : flags / isVirtualThread
+//
+// Results:
+//   Z_SP : pointer to filled out ContinuationEntry
+//
+// Kills:
+//   This is peace driven method, doesn't kill anyone.
+//
+static void fill_continuation_entry(MacroAssembler* masm, Register reg_cont_obj, Register reg_flags) {
+  assert_different_registers(reg_cont_obj, reg_flags);
+  DEBUG_ONLY(__ block_comment("fill_continuation_entry {"));
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  assert(Immediate::is_simm16(ContinuationEntry::cookie_value()), "update below instruction");
+  __ z_mvhi(Address(Z_SP, ContinuationEntry::cookie_offset()), ContinuationEntry::cookie_value());
+#endif //ASSERT
+  __ z_stg(reg_cont_obj, Address(Z_SP, ContinuationEntry::cont_offset()));
+  __ z_st(reg_flags,    Address(Z_SP, ContinuationEntry::flags_offset()));
+  __ z_mvghi(Address(Z_SP, ContinuationEntry::chunk_offset()), 0);
+  __ z_mvhi( Address(Z_SP, ContinuationEntry::argsize_offset()), 0);
+  __ z_mvhi( Address(Z_SP, ContinuationEntry::pin_count_offset()), 0);
+
+  __ z_mvc(Address(Z_SP, ContinuationEntry::parent_cont_fastpath_offset()), /* move to */
+           Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::cont_fastpath_offset()), /* move from */
+           sizeof(ContinuationEntry*) /* size of data to be moved */
+  );
+
+  __ z_mvghi(Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::cont_fastpath_offset()), 0);
+
+  DEBUG_ONLY(__ block_comment("} fill_continuation_entry"));
+}
+
+//---------------------------- continuation_enter_cleanup ---------------------------
+//
+// Copy corresponding attributes from the top ContinuationEntry to the JavaThread
+// before deleting it.
+//
+// Arguments:
+//   Z_SP: pointer to the ContinuationEntry
+//
+// Results:
+//   None.
+//
+// Kills:
+//   Z_R0_scratch (in debug builds)
+//   Z_R10 (when CheckJNICalls is enabled)
+//
+static void continuation_enter_cleanup(MacroAssembler* masm) {
+  __ block_comment("continuation_enter_cleanup {");
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  __ z_cg(Z_SP, Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::cont_entry_offset()));
+  __ asm_assert(Assembler::bcondEqual, FILE_AND_LINE ": incorrect Z_SP", 0x1bb);
+
+  __ z_lgf(Z_R0, Address(Z_SP, ContinuationEntry::cookie_offset()));
+  __ z_cfi(Z_R0, ContinuationEntry::cookie_value());
+  __ asm_assert(Assembler::bcondEqual, FILE_AND_LINE ": incorrect cookie value", 0x1cc);
+#endif // ASSERT
+
+  __ z_mvc(Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::cont_fastpath_offset()), /* move to */
+           Address(Z_SP, ContinuationEntry::parent_cont_fastpath_offset()), /* move from */
+           sizeof(ContinuationEntry*) /* size of data to be moved */
+  );
+
+  __ z_mvc(Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::cont_entry_offset()), /* move to */
+           Address(Z_SP, ContinuationEntry::parent_offset()), /* move from */
+           sizeof(ContinuationEntry*) /* size of data to be moved */
+  );
+
+  __ block_comment("} continuation_enter_cleanup");
+}
+static void gen_continuation_enter(MacroAssembler* masm,
+                                   const VMRegPair* regs,
+                                   int& exception_offset,
+                                   OopMapSet* oop_maps,
+                                   int& frame_complete,
+                                   int& framesize_words,
+                                   int& interpreted_entry_offset,
+                                   int& compiled_entry_offset) {
+  // enterSpecial(Continuation c, boolean isContinue, boolean isVirtualThread)
+  int pos_cont_obj   = 0;
+  int pos_is_cont    = 1;
+  int pos_is_virtual = 2;
+
+  // The platform-specific calling convention may present the arguments in various registers.
+  // To simplify the rest of the code, we expect the arguments to reside at these known
+  // registers, and we additionally check the placement here in case calling convention ever
+  // changes.
+  Register reg_cont_obj   = Z_ARG1;
+  Register reg_is_cont    = Z_ARG2;
+  Register reg_is_virtual = Z_ARG3;
+
+  check_continuation_enter_argument(regs[pos_cont_obj].first(),   reg_cont_obj,   "Continuation object");
+  check_continuation_enter_argument(regs[pos_is_cont].first(),    reg_is_cont,    "isContinue");
+  check_continuation_enter_argument(regs[pos_is_virtual].first(), reg_is_virtual, "isVirtualThread");
+
+  address resolve_static_call = SharedRuntime::get_resolve_static_call_stub();
+
+  address start = __ pc();
+
+  Label L_thaw, L_exit;
+
+  // i2i entry used at interp_only_mode only
+  interpreted_entry_offset = __ pc() - start;
+  {
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    NearLabel is_interp_only;
+    __ load_and_test_int(Z_R0_scratch, Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::interp_only_mode_offset()));
+    __ z_brnz(is_interp_only);
+    __ stop("enterSpecial interpreter entry called when not in interp_only_mode");
+    __ bind(is_interp_only);
+#endif
+
+    // Read interpreter arguments into registers (this is an ad-hoc i2c adapter)
+    // s390x stores frame pointer in the slot 0, so argument will be loaded from slot 1
+    __ z_lg(reg_cont_obj,     Address(Z_esp, Interpreter::stackElementSize*3));
+    __ z_llgf(reg_is_cont,    Address(Z_esp, Interpreter::stackElementSize*2));
+    __ z_llgf(reg_is_virtual, Address(Z_esp, Interpreter::stackElementSize*1));
+
+    __ push_cont_fastpath();
+
+    OopMap* map = continuation_enter_setup(masm, framesize_words);
+
+    // The frame is complete here, but we only record it for the compiled entry, so the frame would appear unsafe,
+    // but that's okay because at the very worst we'll miss an async sample, but we're in interp_only_mode anyway.
+
+    __ verify_oop(reg_cont_obj);
+
+    fill_continuation_entry(masm, reg_cont_obj, reg_is_virtual);
+
+    // If isContinue, call to thaw. Otherwise, call Continuation.enter(Continuation c, boolean isContinue)
+    __ compare32_and_branch(reg_is_cont, 0, Assembler::bcondNotZero, L_thaw);
+
+    // --- call Continuation.enter(Continuation c, boolean isContinue)
+
+    // Emit compiled static call. The call will be always resolved to the c2i
+    // entry of Continuation.enter(Continuation c, boolean isContinue).
+    // There are special cases in SharedRuntime::resolve_static_call_C() and
+    // SharedRuntime::resolve_sub_helper_internal() to achieve this
+    // See also corresponding call below.
+    // Make sure the call is patchable
+
+    __ align(NativeCall::call_far_pcrelative_displacement_alignment,
+        __ offset() + NativeCall::call_far_pcrelative_displacement_offset);
+
+    // Emit stub for static call
+    address stub = CompiledDirectCall::emit_to_interp_stub(masm, __ pc());
+    if (stub == nullptr) {
+      fatal("CodeCache is full at gen_continuation_enter");
+    }
+    __ relocate(relocInfo::static_call_type);
+    __ z_nop();
+    __ z_brasl(Z_R14, resolve_static_call);
+    oop_maps->add_gc_map(__ pc() - start, map);
+    __ post_call_nop();
+    __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondAlways, L_exit);
+  }
+
+  // compiled entry
+  __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
+  compiled_entry_offset = __ pc() - start;
+
+  OopMap* map = continuation_enter_setup(masm, framesize_words);
+
+  // Frame is now completed as far as size and linkage.
+
+  frame_complete =__ pc() - start;
+
+  __ verify_oop(reg_cont_obj);
+
+  fill_continuation_entry(masm, reg_cont_obj, reg_is_virtual);
+
+  // If isContinue, call to thaw. Otherwise, call Continuation.enter(Continuation c, boolean isContinue)
+  __ z_ltr(reg_is_cont, reg_is_cont);
+  __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondNotEqual, L_thaw); // was reg_is_cont equal to 0 ?
+
+  // --- call Continuation.enter(Continuation c, boolean isContinue)
+
+  // Make sure the call is patchable
+  __ align(NativeCall::call_far_pcrelative_displacement_alignment,
+      __ offset() + NativeCall::call_far_pcrelative_displacement_offset);
+
+  // Emit stub for static call
+  address stub = CompiledDirectCall::emit_to_interp_stub(masm, __ pc());
+  guarantee(stub != nullptr, "CodeCache is full at gen_continuation_enter");
+
+  assert((__ offset() + NativeCall::call_far_pcrelative_displacement_offset) % NativeCall::call_far_pcrelative_displacement_alignment == 0,
+         "must be aligned (offset=%d)", __ offset());
+
+  // The call needs to be resolved. There's a special case for this in
+  // SharedRuntime::find_callee_info_helper() which calls
+  // LinkResolver::resolve_continuation_enter() which resolves the call to
+  // Continuation.enter(Continuation c, boolean isContinue).
+  __ relocate(relocInfo::static_call_type);
+  __ z_nop();
+  __ z_brasl(Z_R14, resolve_static_call);
+  oop_maps->add_gc_map(__ pc() - start, map);
+  __ post_call_nop();
+
+  __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondAlways, L_exit);
+
+  // --- Thawing path
+
+  __ bind(L_thaw);
+  ContinuationEntry::_thaw_call_pc_offset = __ pc() - start;
+  __ load_const_optimized(Z_R1_scratch, StubRoutines::cont_thaw());
+  __ call(Z_R1_scratch);
+  oop_maps->add_gc_map(__ pc() - start, map->deep_copy());
+  ContinuationEntry::_return_pc_offset = __ pc() - start;
+  __ post_call_nop();
+
+  // --- Normal exit (resolve/thawing)
+  __ bind(L_exit);
+  ContinuationEntry::_cleanup_offset = __ pc() - start;
+  continuation_enter_cleanup(masm);
+
+  // Pop frame and return
+  DEBUG_ONLY(__ z_lg(Z_R0, Address(Z_SP, 0)));
+  __ add2reg(Z_SP, framesize_words * wordSize);
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  NearLabel ok;
+  __ z_cgr(Z_R0, Z_SP);
+  __ z_bre(ok);
+  __ stop("inconsistent frame size");
+  __ bind(ok);
+#endif // ASSERT
+
+  __ restore_return_pc();
+  __ z_br(Z_R14);
+
+  // --- Exception handling path
+  exception_offset = __ pc() - start;
+
+  continuation_enter_cleanup(masm);
+
+  // Load caller's return pc
+  __ z_lg(Z_ARG2, _z_common_abi(callers_sp), Z_SP);
+  __ z_lg(Z_ARG2, _z_common_abi(return_pc), Z_ARG2);
+
+  __ save_return_pc();
+  __ push_frame_abi160(0 + 2 * BytesPerWord);
+
+  __ z_stg(Z_ARG1, 0 * BytesPerWord + frame::z_abi_160_size, Z_SP); // save return value containing the exception oop
+  __ z_stg(Z_ARG2, 1 * BytesPerWord + frame::z_abi_160_size, Z_SP); // save exception_pc
+
+  // Find exception handler.
+  __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, SharedRuntime::exception_handler_for_return_address),
+                  Z_thread,
+                  Z_ARG2);
+
+  // Copy handler's address.
+  __ z_lgr(Z_R1, Z_RET);
+
+  // Set up the arguments for the exception handler:
+  // - Z_ARG1: exception oop
+  // - Z_ARG2: exception pc
+  __ z_lg(Z_ARG1, 0 * BytesPerWord + frame::z_abi_160_size, Z_SP); // load the exception oop
+  __ z_lg(Z_ARG2, 1 * BytesPerWord + frame::z_abi_160_size, Z_SP); // load the exception pc
+
+  __ pop_frame(); // pop frame pushed before runtime call
+  // __ restore_return_pc(); // can be skipped
+
+  __ pop_frame(); // pop enterSpecial frame
+  __ restore_return_pc();
+
+  // Jump to exception handler
+  __ z_br(Z_R1 /*handler address*/);
+}
+
+static void gen_continuation_yield(MacroAssembler* masm,
+                                   const VMRegPair* regs,
+                                   OopMapSet* oop_maps,
+                                   int& frame_complete,
+                                   int& framesize_words,
+                                   int& compiled_entry_offset) {
+  const int framesize_bytes = (int)align_up((int)frame::z_abi_160_size, frame::alignment_in_bytes);
+  framesize_words = framesize_bytes / wordSize;
+
+  Register Rtmp = Z_R1_scratch;
+
+  address start = __ pc();
+  compiled_entry_offset = __ pc() - start;
+
+  // Save return pc and push entry frame
+  __ save_return_pc();
+  __ push_frame(framesize_bytes);
+
+    DEBUG_ONLY(__ block_comment("Frame Complete (gen_continuation_yield):"));
+    frame_complete = __ pc() - start;
+    address last_java_pc = __ pc();
+
+
+    // This nop must be exactly at the PC we push into the frame info.
+    // We use this nop for fast CodeBlob lookup, associate the OopMap
+    // with it right away.
+    __ post_call_nop();
+    OopMap* map = new OopMap(framesize_bytes / VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size, 1);
+    oop_maps->add_gc_map(last_java_pc - start, map);
+
+    __ z_larl(Rtmp, last_java_pc);
+    __ set_last_Java_frame(Z_SP, Rtmp);
+    __ call_VM_leaf(Continuation::freeze_entry(), Z_thread, Z_SP);
+    __ reset_last_Java_frame();
+
+    NearLabel L_pinned;
+    __ z_cij(Z_RET, 0, Assembler::bcondNotEqual, L_pinned);
+
+    // Pop frames of continuation including this stub's frame
+    __ z_lg(Z_SP, Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::cont_entry_offset()));
+    // The frame pushed by gen_continuation_enter() is on top now again
+    continuation_enter_cleanup(masm);
+    // Pop frame and return
+    Label L_return;
+    __ bind(L_return);
+    __ pop_frame();
+    __ restore_return_pc();
+    __ z_br(Z_R14);
+
+    // yield failed - continuation is pinned
+    __ bind(L_pinned);
+
+    // handle pending exception thrown by freeze
+    __ load_and_test_long(Rtmp, Address(Z_thread, Thread::pending_exception_offset()));
+    __ z_bre(L_return); // return if no exception is pending
+    __ pop_frame();
+    __ restore_return_pc();
+    __ load_const_optimized(Z_R1_scratch, StubRoutines::forward_exception_entry());
+    __ z_br(Z_R1_scratch);
+}
+
+void SharedRuntime::continuation_enter_cleanup(MacroAssembler* masm) {
+  ::continuation_enter_cleanup(masm);
+}
+
 nmethod *SharedRuntime::generate_native_wrapper(MacroAssembler *masm,
                                                 const methodHandle& method,
                                                 int compile_id,
@@ -1346,6 +1738,66 @@ nmethod *SharedRuntime::generate_native_wrapper(MacroAssembler *masm,
                                                 VMRegPair *in_regs,
                                                 BasicType ret_type) {
   int total_in_args = method->size_of_parameters();
+  if (method->is_continuation_native_intrinsic()) {
+    int exception_offset = -1;
+    OopMapSet* oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+    int frame_complete = -1;
+    int stack_slots = -1;
+    int interpreted_entry_offset = -1;
+    int vep_offset = -1; // verified entry point offset
+    if (method->is_continuation_enter_intrinsic()) {
+      gen_continuation_enter(masm,
+                             in_regs,
+                             exception_offset,
+                             oop_maps,
+                             frame_complete,
+                             stack_slots,
+                             interpreted_entry_offset,
+                             vep_offset);
+    } else if(method->is_continuation_yield_intrinsic()) {
+      gen_continuation_yield(masm,
+                             in_regs,
+                             oop_maps,
+                             frame_complete,
+                             stack_slots,
+                             vep_offset);
+    } else {
+      guarantee(false, "Unknown Continuation native intrinsic");
+    }
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    if (method->is_continuation_enter_intrinsic()) {
+      assert(interpreted_entry_offset != -1, "Must be set");
+      assert(exception_offset != -1,         "Must be set");
+    } else {
+      assert(interpreted_entry_offset == -1, "Must be unset");
+      assert(exception_offset == -1,         "Must be unset");
+    }
+    assert(frame_complete != -1,    "Must be set");
+    assert(stack_slots != -1,       "Must be set");
+    assert(vep_offset != -1,        "Must be set");
+#endif
+
+    __ flush();
+    nmethod* nm = nmethod::new_native_nmethod(method,
+                                              compile_id,
+                                              masm->code(),
+                                              vep_offset,
+                                              frame_complete,
+                                              stack_slots,
+                                              in_ByteSize(-1),
+                                              in_ByteSize(-1),
+                                              oop_maps,
+                                              exception_offset);
+    if (nm == nullptr) return nm;
+    if (method->is_continuation_enter_intrinsic()) {
+      ContinuationEntry::set_enter_code(nm, interpreted_entry_offset);
+    } else if (method->is_continuation_yield_intrinsic()) {
+      _cont_doYield_stub = nm;
+    }
+    return nm;
+  }
+
   if (method->is_method_handle_intrinsic()) {
     vmIntrinsics::ID iid = method->intrinsic_id();
     intptr_t start = (intptr_t) __ pc();
@@ -1545,6 +1997,7 @@ nmethod *SharedRuntime::generate_native_wrapper(MacroAssembler *masm,
   unsigned int wrapper_FrameDone;
   unsigned int wrapper_CRegsSet;
   Label     handle_pending_exception;
+  Label     last_java_pc;
 
   //---------------------------------------------------------------------
   // Unverified entry point (UEP)
@@ -1726,16 +2179,9 @@ nmethod *SharedRuntime::generate_native_wrapper(MacroAssembler *masm,
   // So if we must call out we must push a new frame.
   //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-
-  // Calc the current pc into Z_R10 and into wrapper_CRegsSet.
-  // Both values represent the same position.
-  __ get_PC(Z_R10);                // PC into register
-  wrapper_CRegsSet = __ offset();  // and into into variable.
-
-  // Z_R10 now has the pc loaded that we will use when we finally call to native.
-
-  // We use the same pc/oopMap repeatedly when we call out.
-  oop_maps->add_gc_map((int)(wrapper_CRegsSet-wrapper_CodeStart), map);
+  // The last java pc will also be used as resume pc if this is the wrapper for wait0.
+  // For this purpose the precise location matters but not for oopmap lookup.
+  __ z_larl(Z_R10, last_java_pc);
 
   // Lock a synchronized method.
 
@@ -1780,10 +2226,13 @@ nmethod *SharedRuntime::generate_native_wrapper(MacroAssembler *masm,
     __ z_lgr(Z_ARG3, Z_thread);
 
     __ set_last_Java_frame(oldSP, Z_R10 /* gc map pc */);
+    assert(Z_R10->is_nonvolatile(), "Z_R10 needs to be preserved accross complete_monitor_locking_C call");
 
     // Do the call.
+    __ push_cont_fastpath();
     __ load_const_optimized(Z_R1_scratch, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, SharedRuntime::complete_monitor_locking_C));
     __ call(Z_R1_scratch);
+    __ pop_cont_fastpath();
 
     __ reset_last_Java_frame();
 
@@ -1910,6 +2359,23 @@ nmethod *SharedRuntime::generate_native_wrapper(MacroAssembler *masm,
   // Transition from _thread_in_native_trans to _thread_in_Java.
   __ set_thread_state(_thread_in_Java);
 
+  // Check preemption for Object.wait()
+  if (method->is_object_wait0()) {
+    NearLabel not_preempted;
+    __ z_ltg(Z_R1_scratch, Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::preempt_alternate_return_offset()));
+    __ z_brz(not_preempted); // if 0, jump to not_preempted
+    __ z_mvghi(Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::preempt_alternate_return_offset()), 0);
+    __ z_br(Z_R1_scratch);
+    __ bind(not_preempted);
+  }
+  __ bind(last_java_pc);
+
+  // Calc the current pc into wrapper_CRegsSet.
+  wrapper_CRegsSet = __ offset();  // and into into variable.
+
+  // We use the same pc/oopMap repeatedly when we call out.
+  oop_maps->add_gc_map((int)(wrapper_CRegsSet-wrapper_CodeStart), map);
+
   //--------------------------------------------------------------------
   // Reguard any pages if necessary.
   // Protect native result from being destroyed.
@@ -2012,7 +2478,10 @@ nmethod *SharedRuntime::generate_native_wrapper(MacroAssembler *masm,
   // Clear "last Java frame" SP and PC.
   //--------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-  __ reset_last_Java_frame();
+
+  // Last java frame won't be set if we're resuming after preemption
+  bool maybe_preempted = method->is_object_wait0();
+  __ reset_last_Java_frame(/* check_last_java_sp = */ !maybe_preempted);
 
   // Unpack oop result, e.g. JNIHandles::resolve result.
   if (is_reference_type(ret_type)) {
@@ -2317,6 +2786,8 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
     }
   }
 
+  __ push_cont_fastpath(); // Set JavaThread::_cont_fastpath to the sp of the oldest interpreted frame we know about
+
   // Jump to the compiled code just as if compiled code was doing it.
   // load target address from method:
   __ z_lg(Z_R1_scratch, Address(Z_method, Method::from_compiled_offset()));
@@ -2416,8 +2887,7 @@ uint SharedRuntime::out_preserve_stack_slots() {
 }
 
 VMReg SharedRuntime::thread_register() {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return nullptr;
+  return Z_thread->as_VMReg();
 }
 
 //
@@ -2678,6 +3148,13 @@ void SharedRuntime::generate_deopt_blob() {
 
   // stack: (caller_of_deoptee, ...).
 
+  // Freezing continuation frames requires that the caller is trimmed to unextended sp if compiled.
+  // If not compiled the loaded value is equal to the current SP (see frame::initial_deoptimization_info())
+  // and the frame is effectively not resized.
+  Register caller_sp = Z_R1_scratch;
+  __ z_lg(caller_sp, Address(unroll_block_reg, Deoptimization::UnrollBlock::initial_info_offset()));
+  __ resize_frame_absolute(caller_sp, Z_R0, true);
+
   // loop through the `UnrollBlock' info and create interpreter frames.
   push_skeleton_frames(masm, true/*deopt*/,
                   unroll_block_reg,
@@ -2809,6 +3286,13 @@ UncommonTrapBlob* OptoRuntime::generate_uncommon_trap_blob() {
 
   __ zap_from_to(Z_SP, Z_SP, Z_R0_scratch, Z_R1, 500, -1);
 
+  // Freezing continuation frames requires that the caller is trimmed to unextended sp if compiled.
+  // If not compiled the loaded value is equal to the current SP (see frame::initial_deoptimization_info())
+  // and the frame is effectively not resized.
+  Register caller_sp = Z_R1_scratch;
+  __ z_lg(caller_sp, Address(unroll_block_reg, Deoptimization::UnrollBlock::initial_info_offset()));
+  __ resize_frame_absolute(caller_sp, Z_R0, true);
+
   // allocate new interpreter frame(s) and possibly resize the caller's frame
   // (no more adapters !)
   push_skeleton_frames(masm, false/*deopt*/,
@@ -3387,16 +3871,76 @@ int SpinPause() {
 }
 
 #if INCLUDE_JFR
+
+// For c2: c_rarg0 is junk, call to runtime to write a checkpoint.
+// It returns a jobject handle to the event writer.
+// The handle is dereferenced and the return value is the event writer oop.
 RuntimeStub* SharedRuntime::generate_jfr_write_checkpoint() {
-  if (!Continuations::enabled()) return nullptr;
-  Unimplemented();
-  return nullptr;
+  const char* name = SharedRuntime::stub_name(StubId::shared_jfr_write_checkpoint_id);
+  CodeBuffer code(name, 512, 64);
+  MacroAssembler* masm = new MacroAssembler(&code);
+
+  int framesize = frame::z_abi_160_size / VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
+  address start = __ pc();
+  __ save_return_pc(); // save return_pc (Z_R14)
+  __ push_frame_abi160(0);
+  int frame_complete = __ pc() - start;
+  __ set_last_Java_frame(Z_SP, noreg);
+
+  __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, JfrIntrinsicSupport::write_checkpoint), Z_thread);
+  address calls_return_pc = __ last_calls_return_pc();
+  __ reset_last_Java_frame();
+
+  // The handle is dereferenced through a load barrier.
+  __ resolve_global_jobject(Z_ARG1, Z_tmp_1, Z_tmp_2);
+  __ pop_frame();
+  __ restore_return_pc();
+  __ z_br(Z_R14);
+
+  OopMapSet* oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+  OopMap* map = new OopMap(framesize, 0);
+  oop_maps->add_gc_map(calls_return_pc - start, map);
+
+  RuntimeStub* stub = // codeBlob framesize is in words (not VMRegImpl::slot_size)
+    RuntimeStub::new_runtime_stub(name, &code, frame_complete,
+                                  (framesize >> (LogBytesPerWord - LogBytesPerInt)),
+                                  oop_maps, false);
+
+  return stub;
 }
 
+// For c2: call to return a leased buffer.
 RuntimeStub* SharedRuntime::generate_jfr_return_lease() {
-  if (!Continuations::enabled()) return nullptr;
-  Unimplemented();
-  return nullptr;
+  const char* name = SharedRuntime::stub_name(StubId::shared_jfr_return_lease_id);
+  CodeBuffer code(name, 512, 64);
+  MacroAssembler* masm = new MacroAssembler(&code);
+
+  int framesize = frame::z_abi_160_size / VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
+  address start = __ pc();
+  __ save_return_pc(); // save return_pc (Z_R14)
+  __ push_frame_abi160(0);
+  int frame_complete = __ pc() - start;
+  __ set_last_Java_frame(Z_SP, noreg);
+
+  __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, JfrIntrinsicSupport::return_lease), Z_thread);
+  address calls_return_pc = __ last_calls_return_pc();
+
+  __ reset_last_Java_frame();
+
+  __ pop_frame();
+  __ restore_return_pc();
+  __ z_br(Z_R14);
+
+  OopMapSet* oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+  OopMap* map = new OopMap(framesize, 0);
+  oop_maps->add_gc_map(calls_return_pc - start, map);
+
+  RuntimeStub* stub = // codeBlob framesize is in words (not VMRegImpl::slot_size)
+    RuntimeStub::new_runtime_stub(name, &code, frame_complete,
+                                  (framesize >> (LogBytesPerWord - LogBytesPerInt)),
+                                  oop_maps, false);
+
+  return stub;
 }
 
 #endif // INCLUDE_JFR
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/smallRegisterMap_s390.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/smallRegisterMap_s390.inline.hpp
index f338fb192ad..630a9516831 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/smallRegisterMap_s390.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/smallRegisterMap_s390.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 
 class SmallRegisterMap;
 
-// Java frames don't have callee saved registers (except for rfp), so we can use a smaller SmallRegisterMapType
+// Java frames don't have callee saved registers, so we can use a smaller RegisterMap
 template <bool IncludeArgs>
 class SmallRegisterMapType {
   friend SmallRegisterMap;
@@ -39,8 +39,6 @@ class SmallRegisterMapType {
   ~SmallRegisterMapType() = default;
   NONCOPYABLE(SmallRegisterMapType);
 
-  static void assert_is_rfp(VMReg r) NOT_DEBUG_RETURN
-                                     DEBUG_ONLY({ Unimplemented(); })
 public:
   // as_RegisterMap is used when we didn't want to templatize and abstract over RegisterMap type to support SmallRegisterMap
   // Consider enhancing SmallRegisterMap to support those cases
@@ -48,20 +46,21 @@ class SmallRegisterMapType {
   RegisterMap* as_RegisterMap() { return nullptr; }
 
   RegisterMap* copy_to_RegisterMap(RegisterMap* map, intptr_t* sp) const {
-    Unimplemented();
+    map->clear();
+    map->set_include_argument_oops(this->include_argument_oops());
     return map;
   }
 
   inline address location(VMReg reg, intptr_t* sp) const {
-    Unimplemented();
+    assert(false, "Reg: %s", reg->name());
     return nullptr;
   }
 
-  inline void set_location(VMReg reg, address loc) { assert_is_rfp(reg); }
+  inline void set_location(VMReg reg, address loc) { assert(false, "Reg: %s", reg->name()); }
 
   JavaThread* thread() const {
   #ifndef ASSERT
-    guarantee (false, "");
+    guarantee (false, "unreachable");
   #endif
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -76,7 +75,7 @@ class SmallRegisterMapType {
 #ifdef ASSERT
   bool should_skip_missing() const  { return false; }
   VMReg find_register_spilled_here(void* p, intptr_t* sp) {
-    Unimplemented();
+    assert(false, "Shouldn't reach here! p:" PTR_FORMAT " sp:" PTR_FORMAT, p2i(p), p2i(p));
     return nullptr;
   }
   void print() const { print_on(tty); }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stackChunkFrameStream_s390.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stackChunkFrameStream_s390.inline.hpp
index e598117fe7d..3a5b860b7a7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stackChunkFrameStream_s390.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stackChunkFrameStream_s390.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -32,75 +33,120 @@
 #ifdef ASSERT
 template <ChunkFrames frame_kind>
 inline bool StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::is_in_frame(void* p0) const {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return true;
+  assert(!is_done(), "");
+  assert(is_compiled(), "");
+  intptr_t* p = (intptr_t*)p0;
+  int argsize = (_cb->as_nmethod()->num_stack_arg_slots() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size) >> LogBytesPerWord;
+  int frame_size = _cb->frame_size() + (argsize > 0 ? argsize + frame::metadata_words_at_top : 0);
+  return (p - unextended_sp()) >= 0 && (p - unextended_sp()) < frame_size;
 }
 #endif
 
 template <ChunkFrames frame_kind>
 inline frame StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::to_frame() const {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return frame();
+  if (is_done()) {
+    return frame(_sp, _sp, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, true);
+  } else {
+    // Compiled frames on heap don't have back links on s390. The back link is redundant
+    // and gets computed as unextended_sp + frame_size. In debug builds, FreezeBase::patch_pd()
+    // explicitly sets it to badAddress.
+    return frame(sp(), unextended_sp(), Interpreter::contains(pc()) ? fp() : nullptr, pc(), cb(), _oopmap, true);
+  }
 }
 
 template <ChunkFrames frame_kind>
 inline address StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::get_pc() const {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return nullptr;
+  assert(!is_done(), "");
+  return (address)((frame::z_common_abi*) _sp)->return_pc;
 }
 
 template <ChunkFrames frame_kind>
 inline intptr_t* StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::fp() const {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return nullptr;
+  // See FreezeBase::patch_pd() and frame::setup()
+  assert((frame_kind == ChunkFrames::Mixed && is_interpreted()), "");
+  intptr_t* fp_addr = (intptr_t*)&((frame::z_common_abi*)_sp)->callers_sp;
+  assert(*(intptr_t**)fp_addr != nullptr, "");
+  // derelativize
+  return fp_addr + *fp_addr;
 }
 
 template <ChunkFrames frame_kind>
 inline intptr_t* StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::derelativize(int offset) const {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return nullptr;
+  intptr_t* fp = this->fp();
+  assert(fp != nullptr, "");
+  return fp + fp[offset];
 }
 
 template <ChunkFrames frame_kind>
 inline intptr_t* StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::unextended_sp_for_interpreter_frame() const {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return nullptr;
+  assert_is_interpreted_and_frame_type_mixed();
+  // Compute the unextended SP (stack pointer before any extension for arguments).
+  // On s390, esp points to the next free slot above the operand stack, so we add 1
+  // to get the actual top of the operand stack, then subtract metadata_words to
+  // account for the frame metadata (callers_sp and return_pc) at the top of the frame.
+  return derelativize(_z_ijava_idx(esp)) + 1 - frame::metadata_words;
 }
 
 template <ChunkFrames frame_kind>
 inline void StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::next_for_interpreter_frame() {
-  Unimplemented();
+  assert_is_interpreted_and_frame_type_mixed();
+  if (derelativize(_z_ijava_idx(locals)) + 1 >= _end) {
+    _unextended_sp = _end;
+    _sp = _end;
+  } else {
+    _unextended_sp = derelativize(_z_ijava_idx(sender_sp));
+    _sp = this->fp();
+  }
 }
 
 template <ChunkFrames frame_kind>
 inline int StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::interpreter_frame_size() const {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return 0;
+  assert_is_interpreted_and_frame_type_mixed();
+  intptr_t* top = unextended_sp(); // later subtract argsize if callee is interpreted
+  intptr_t* bottom = derelativize(_z_ijava_idx(locals)) + 1;
+  return (int)(bottom - top);
 }
 
+// Size of stack args in words (P0..Pn above). Only valid if the caller is also
+// interpreted. The function is also called if the caller is compiled but the
+// result is not used in that case (same on x86).
+// See also setting of sender_sp in ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::patch_sender_sp()
 template <ChunkFrames frame_kind>
 inline int StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::interpreter_frame_stack_argsize() const {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return 0;
+  assert_is_interpreted_and_frame_type_mixed();
+  frame::z_ijava_state* state = (frame::z_ijava_state*)((uintptr_t)fp() - frame::z_ijava_state_size);
+  int diff = (int)(state->locals - (state->sender_sp + frame::metadata_words_at_top) + 1);
+  assert(diff == -frame::metadata_words_at_top || ((Method*)state->method)->size_of_parameters() == diff,
+      "size_of_parameters(): %d diff: %d sp: " PTR_FORMAT " fp:" PTR_FORMAT,
+      ((Method*)state->method)->size_of_parameters(), diff, p2i(sp()), p2i(fp()));
+  return diff;
 }
 
 template <ChunkFrames frame_kind>
 template <typename RegisterMapT>
 inline int StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::interpreter_frame_num_oops(RegisterMapT* map) const {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return 0;
+  assert_is_interpreted_and_frame_type_mixed();
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  frame f = to_frame();
+  InterpreterOopCount closure;
+  f.oops_interpreted_do(&closure, map);
+  return closure.count();
 }
 
 template<>
 template<>
 inline void StackChunkFrameStream<ChunkFrames::Mixed>::update_reg_map_pd(RegisterMap* map) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  // No register map update needed for s390.
+  // In the Java calling convention on s390, all registers are volatile (caller-saved),
+  // so there are no non-volatile (callee-saved) registers that need to be tracked.
 }
 
 template<>
 template<>
 inline void StackChunkFrameStream<ChunkFrames::CompiledOnly>::update_reg_map_pd(RegisterMap* map) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  // No register map update needed for s390.
+  // In the Java calling convention on s390, all registers are volatile (caller-saved),
+  // so there are no non-volatile (callee-saved) registers that need to be tracked.
 }
 
 template <ChunkFrames frame_kind>
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stackChunkOop_s390.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stackChunkOop_s390.inline.hpp
index dfd3562c9d9..c97751d0d1e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stackChunkOop_s390.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stackChunkOop_s390.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,11 +27,15 @@
 #define CPU_S390_STACKCHUNKOOP_S390_INLINE_HPP
 
 inline void stackChunkOopDesc::relativize_frame_pd(frame& fr) const {
-  Unimplemented();
+  if (fr.is_interpreted_frame()) {
+    fr.set_offset_fp(relativize_address(fr.fp()));
+  }
 }
 
 inline void stackChunkOopDesc::derelativize_frame_pd(frame& fr) const {
-  Unimplemented();
+  if (fr.is_interpreted_frame()) {
+    fr.set_fp(derelativize_address(fr.offset_fp()));
+  }
 }
 
 #endif // CPU_S390_STACKCHUNKOOP_S390_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stubDeclarations_s390.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stubDeclarations_s390.hpp
index d0e26beedab..d773b6ce759 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stubDeclarations_s390.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stubDeclarations_s390.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2025, Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
                                            do_arch_entry,               \
                                            do_arch_entry_init,          \
                                            do_arch_entry_array)         \
-  do_arch_blob(continuation, 2000)                                      \
+  do_arch_blob(continuation, 5000)                                      \
 
 
 #define STUBGEN_COMPILER_BLOBS_ARCH_DO(do_stub,                         \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stubGenerator_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stubGenerator_s390.cpp
index 5309158fc74..d1601d4f147 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stubGenerator_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stubGenerator_s390.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2016, 2024 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -37,6 +38,8 @@
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 #include "prims/methodHandles.hpp"
 #include "prims/upcallLinker.hpp"
+#include "runtime/continuation.hpp"
+#include "runtime/continuationEntry.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
@@ -330,6 +333,8 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       // Pop frame. Done here to minimize stalls.
       __ pop_frame();
 
+      __ pop_cont_fastpath();
+
       // Reload some volatile registers which we've spilled before the call
       // to template interpreter / native entry.
       // Access all locals via frame pointer, because we know nothing about
@@ -3223,28 +3228,180 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     return start;
   }
 
-  address generate_cont_thaw(bool return_barrier, bool exception) {
+  address generate_cont_thaw(StubId stub_id) {
     if (!Continuations::enabled()) return nullptr;
-    Unimplemented();
-    return nullptr;
+
+    Continuation::thaw_kind kind;
+    bool return_barrier;
+    bool return_barrier_exception;
+
+    switch (stub_id) {
+      case StubId::stubgen_cont_thaw_id:
+        kind = Continuation::thaw_top;
+        return_barrier = false;
+        return_barrier_exception = false;
+        break;
+      case StubId::stubgen_cont_returnBarrier_id:
+        kind = Continuation::thaw_return_barrier;
+        return_barrier = true;
+        return_barrier_exception = false;
+        break;
+      case StubId::stubgen_cont_returnBarrierExc_id:
+        kind = Continuation::thaw_return_barrier_exception;
+        return_barrier = true;
+        return_barrier_exception = true;
+        break;
+      default:
+        ShouldNotReachHere();
+    }
+
+    StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
+    address start = __ pc();
+
+    // TODO: Handle Valhalla return types. May require generating different return barriers.
+
+    if (kind == Continuation::thaw_top) {
+      __ clobber_nonvolatile_registers(); // Except Z_thread
+    }
+
+    if (return_barrier) {
+      // Save return values in non-volatile float registers to preserve them across VM calls.
+      // Z_F8 and Z_F9 are non-volatile (callee-saved) registers on s390 (F8-F15 are non-volatile).
+      // They are safe to use here because:
+      // 1. clobber_nonvolatile_registers() is NOT called for return_barrier cases (only for thaw_top)
+      // 2. These registers are preserved across the VM leaf calls (prepare_thaw, thaw_entry)
+      __ z_ldgr(Z_F8, Z_RET);   // Save integer return value in non-volatile float register
+      __ z_ldr(Z_F9, Z_FRET);   // Save float return value in non-volatile float register
+
+      DEBUG_ONLY(__ z_lg(Z_R1_scratch, _z_common_abi(callers_sp), Z_SP);)
+      __ z_lg(Z_SP, Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::cont_entry_offset()));
+#ifdef ASSERT
+      __ z_cg(Z_R1_scratch, _z_common_abi(callers_sp), Z_SP);
+      __ asm_assert(/* check_equal=*/ true, FILE_AND_LINE ": callers sp is corrupt at thaw entry", 69);
+#endif
+
+    }
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    __ z_cg(Z_SP, Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::cont_entry_offset()));
+    __ asm_assert(/* check_equal=*/ true, FILE_AND_LINE ": incorrect Z_SP", 70);
+#endif
+
+    __ z_lghi(Z_ARG2, return_barrier ? 1 : 0);
+    __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, Continuation::prepare_thaw), Z_thread, Z_ARG2);
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    __ z_cg(Z_SP, Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::cont_entry_offset()));
+    __ asm_assert(/* check equal = */ true, FILE_AND_LINE ": incorrect Z_SP after prepare_thaw", 48);
+#endif // ASSERT
+
+    // Z_RET contains the size of the frames to thaw, 0 if overflow or no more frames
+    NearLabel L_thaw_success;
+    __ z_ltgr(Z_RET, Z_RET);
+    __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondNotEqual, L_thaw_success);
+    __ load_const_optimized(Z_R1_scratch, (SharedRuntime::throw_StackOverflowError_entry()));
+    __ call(Z_R1_scratch);
+    __ bind(L_thaw_success);
+
+    // Make room for the thawed frames and align the stack.
+    __ add64(Z_RET, frame::z_abi_160_size);
+
+    { // stack alignment
+      __ z_lcgr(Z_RET, Z_RET); // negate Z_RET value
+      __ z_nill(Z_RET, -frame::alignment_in_bytes);
+    }
+    __ resize_frame( /* offset = */ Z_RET,/* fp = */ Z_R1, /* load_fp = */ true);
+
+    __ z_lghi(Z_ARG2, kind);
+    __ add64(Z_SP, -frame::z_abi_160_size);  // Register save area for Continuation::thaw
+    __ call_VM_leaf(Continuation::thaw_entry(), Z_thread, Z_ARG2);
+    __ z_lgr(Z_SP, Z_RET); // Z_RET contains the SP of the thawed top frame
+
+    if (return_barrier) {
+      // we're now in the caller of the frame that returned to the barrier
+      // restore return value (no safepoint in the call to thaw, so even an oop return value should be OK)
+
+      __ z_lgdr(Z_RET, Z_F8);    // Restore integer return value
+      __ z_ldr(Z_FRET, Z_F9);    // Restore float return value
+    } else {
+      // we're now on the yield frame (which is in an address above us b/c rsp has been pushed down)
+      __ z_lghi(Z_RET, 0); // return 0 (success) from doYield
+    }
+
+    if (return_barrier_exception) {
+      Register handler = Z_R1_scratch;
+      __ z_lg(Z_ARG2, _z_common_abi(return_pc), Z_SP); // exception pc
+      __ save_return_pc();
+      __ push_frame_abi160(0 + 2 * BytesPerWord);
+      __ z_stg(Z_RET , 0 * BytesPerWord + frame::z_abi_160_size, Z_SP); // save return value containing the exception oop
+
+      __ z_stg(Z_ARG2, 1 * BytesPerWord + frame::z_abi_160_size, Z_SP); // save exception_pc
+      __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, SharedRuntime::exception_handler_for_return_address), Z_thread, Z_ARG2);
+
+      // Copy handler's address.
+      __ z_lgr(handler, Z_RET);
+
+      // Set up the arguments for the exception handler:
+      // - Z_ARG1: exception oop
+      // - Z_ARG2: exception pc
+      __ z_lg(Z_ARG1, 0 * BytesPerWord + frame::z_abi_160_size, Z_SP); // load the exception oop
+      __ z_lg(Z_ARG2, 1 * BytesPerWord + frame::z_abi_160_size, Z_SP); // load the exception pc
+      __ pop_frame();
+      __ restore_return_pc();
+    } else {
+      // We're "returning" into the topmost thawed frame; see Thaw::push_return_frame
+      __ z_lg(Z_R1_scratch, _z_common_abi(return_pc), Z_SP);
+    }
+    __ z_br(Z_R1_scratch);
+
+    return start;
   }
 
   address generate_cont_thaw() {
-    if (!Continuations::enabled()) return nullptr;
-    Unimplemented();
-    return nullptr;
+    return generate_cont_thaw(StubId::stubgen_cont_thaw_id);
   }
 
   address generate_cont_returnBarrier() {
-    if (!Continuations::enabled()) return nullptr;
-    Unimplemented();
-    return nullptr;
+    return generate_cont_thaw(StubId::stubgen_cont_returnBarrier_id);
   }
 
   address generate_cont_returnBarrier_exception() {
+    return generate_cont_thaw(StubId::stubgen_cont_returnBarrierExc_id);
+  }
+
+  address generate_cont_preempt_stub() {
     if (!Continuations::enabled()) return nullptr;
-    Unimplemented();
-    return nullptr;
+    StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_cont_preempt_id;
+    StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
+    address start = __ pc();
+
+    __ clobber_nonvolatile_registers(); // Except Z_thread
+
+    __ reset_last_Java_frame(/*check_last_java_sp=*/ false);
+
+    // Set sp to enterSpecial frame, i.e. remove all frames copied into the heap.
+    __ z_lg(Z_SP, Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::cont_entry_offset()));
+
+    Label preemption_cancelled;
+
+    __ z_cli(in_bytes(JavaThread::preemption_cancelled_offset()), Z_thread, 0);
+    __ z_brne(preemption_cancelled);
+
+    // Remove enterSpecial frame from the stack and return to Continuation.run() to unmount.
+    SharedRuntime::continuation_enter_cleanup(_masm);
+    __ pop_frame();
+    __ restore_return_pc();
+    __ z_br(Z_R14);
+
+    // We acquired the monitor after freezing the frames so call thaw to continue execution.
+    __ bind(preemption_cancelled);
+    __ z_mvi(in_bytes(JavaThread::preemption_cancelled_offset()), Z_thread, 0);
+
+    __ load_const_optimized(Z_R1, ContinuationEntry::thaw_call_pc_address());
+    __ z_lg(Z_R1, Address(Z_R1));
+    __ z_br(Z_R1);
+
+    return start;
   }
 
   // exception handler for upcall stubs
@@ -3327,9 +3484,10 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     if (!Continuations::enabled()) return;
 
     // Continuation stubs:
-    StubRoutines::_cont_thaw          = generate_cont_thaw();
-    StubRoutines::_cont_returnBarrier = generate_cont_returnBarrier();
+    StubRoutines::_cont_thaw             = generate_cont_thaw();
+    StubRoutines::_cont_returnBarrier    = generate_cont_returnBarrier();
     StubRoutines::_cont_returnBarrierExc = generate_cont_returnBarrier_exception();
+    StubRoutines::_cont_preempt_stub     = generate_cont_preempt_stub();
   }
 
   void generate_final_stubs() {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateInterpreterGenerator_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateInterpreterGenerator_s390.cpp
index dba04fc0e85..03470597ab5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateInterpreterGenerator_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateInterpreterGenerator_s390.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2016, 2024 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -717,13 +717,31 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_safept_entry_for (TosState state,
                                                                 address runtime_entry) {
   address entry = __ pc();
   __ push(state);
+  __ push_cont_fastpath();
   __ call_VM(noreg, runtime_entry);
+  __ pop_cont_fastpath();
   __ dispatch_via(vtos, Interpreter::_normal_table.table_for (vtos));
   return entry;
 }
 
 address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_cont_resume_interpreter_adapter() {
-  return nullptr;
+  if (!Continuations::enabled()) return nullptr;
+  address start = __ pc();
+  __ z_lg(Z_fp, _z_common_abi(callers_sp), Z_SP);
+  {
+    Register top_frame_sp = Z_R1_scratch; // anyway going to load it with correct value
+    __ z_lg(top_frame_sp, Address(Z_fp, _z_ijava_state_neg(top_frame_sp)));
+    __ z_slag(top_frame_sp, top_frame_sp, Interpreter::logStackElementSize);
+    __ z_agr(top_frame_sp, Z_fp);
+
+    __ resize_frame_absolute(top_frame_sp, /* temp = */ Z_R0, /* load_fp = */ true);
+  }
+  __ restore_bcp();
+  __ restore_locals();
+  __ restore_esp();
+
+  __ z_br(Z_R14);
+  return start;
 }
 
 
@@ -1468,8 +1486,13 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_native_entry(bool synchronized) {
 
   __ bind(call_signature_handler);
 
+  bool support_vthread_preemption = Continuations::enabled();
+
   // We have a TOP_IJAVA_FRAME here, which belongs to us.
-  __ set_top_ijava_frame_at_SP_as_last_Java_frame(Z_SP, Z_R1/*tmp*/);
+  Label last_java_pc;
+  Label *resume_pc = support_vthread_preemption ? &last_java_pc : nullptr;
+
+  __ set_top_ijava_frame_at_SP_as_last_Java_frame(Z_SP, Z_R1/*tmp*/, resume_pc);
 
   // Call signature handler and pass locals address in Z_ARG1.
   __ z_lgr(Z_ARG1, Z_locals);
@@ -1526,7 +1549,18 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_native_entry(bool synchronized) {
   // overwritten since "__ call_stub(signature_handler);" (except for
   // ARG1 and ARG2 for static methods).
 
+  if (support_vthread_preemption) {
+    // Rresult_handler is a nonvolatile register. Its value will be preserved across
+    // the native call but only if the call isn't preempted. To preserve its value even
+    // in the case of preemption we save it in the lresult slot. It is restored at
+    // resume_pc if, and only if the call was preempted. This works because only
+    // j.l.Object::wait calls are preempted which don't return a result.
+
+    __ z_stg(Rresult_handler, _z_ijava_state_neg(lresult), Z_fp);
+  }
+  __ push_cont_fastpath();
   __ call_c(Z_R1/*native_method_entry*/);
+  __ pop_cont_fastpath();
 
   // NOTE: frame::interpreter_frame_result() depends on these stores.
   __ z_stg(Z_RET, _z_ijava_state_neg(lresult), Z_fp);
@@ -1610,6 +1644,32 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_native_entry(bool synchronized) {
   __ z_lg(Z_bcp, Address(Rmethod, Method::const_offset())); // get constMethod
   __ add2reg(Z_bcp, in_bytes(ConstMethod::codes_offset())); // get codebase
 
+  if (support_vthread_preemption) {
+    // Check preemption for Object.wait()
+    Label not_preempted;
+    __ z_ltg(Z_R1_scratch, Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::preempt_alternate_return_offset()));
+    __ z_brz(not_preempted); // if 0, jump to not_preempted
+    __ z_mvghi(Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::preempt_alternate_return_offset()), 0);
+    __ z_br(Z_R1_scratch);
+
+    // Execution will be resumed here when the vthread becomes runnable again.
+    __ bind(*resume_pc);
+    __ restore_after_resume();
+    // We saved the result handler before the call
+    __ z_lg(Rresult_handler, _z_ijava_state_neg(lresult), Z_fp);
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    // Clobber result slots. Only native methods returning void can be preemted currently.
+    __ load_const(Z_RET, UCONST64(0xbad01001));
+    __ z_stg(Z_RET, _z_ijava_state_neg(lresult), Z_fp);
+    __ z_stg(Z_RET, _z_ijava_state_neg(fresult), Z_fp);
+    // reset_last_Java_frame() below asserts that a last java sp is set
+    __ asm_assert_mem8_is_zero(in_bytes(JavaThread::last_Java_sp_offset()),
+         Z_thread, FILE_AND_LINE ": Last java sp should not be set when resuming", 69);
+    __ z_stg(Z_RET, in_bytes(JavaThread::last_Java_sp_offset()), Z_thread);
+#endif
+    __ bind(not_preempted);
+  }
+
   if (CheckJNICalls) {
     // clear_pending_jni_exception_check
     __ clear_mem(Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::pending_jni_exception_check_fn_offset()), sizeof(oop));
@@ -2030,7 +2090,7 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_CRC32C_updateBytes_entry(Abstract
 address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_currentThread() {
   uint64_t entry_off = __ offset();
 
-  __ z_lg(Z_RET, Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::threadObj_offset()));
+  __ z_lg(Z_RET, Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::vthread_offset()));
   __ resolve_oop_handle(Z_RET, Z_R0_scratch, Z_R1_scratch);
 
   // Restore caller sp for c2i case.
@@ -2176,6 +2236,7 @@ void TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_throw_exception() {
                    JavaThread::popframe_force_deopt_reexecution_bit,
                    Z_tmp_1, false);
 
+    __ pop_cont_fastpath();
     // Continue in deoptimization handler.
     __ z_br(Z_R14);
 
@@ -2191,6 +2252,7 @@ void TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_throw_exception() {
                        false,  // install_monitor_exception
                        false); // notify_jvmdi
   __ z_lg(Z_fp, _z_abi(callers_sp), Z_SP); // Restore frame pointer.
+  __ pop_cont_fastpath();
   {
     Register top_frame_sp = Z_R1_scratch;
     __ z_lg(top_frame_sp, Address(Z_fp, _z_ijava_state_neg(top_frame_sp)));
@@ -2264,6 +2326,7 @@ void TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_throw_exception() {
   // Remove the activation (without doing throws on illegalMonitorExceptions).
   __ remove_activation(vtos, noreg/*ret.pc already loaded*/, false/*throw exc*/, true/*install exc*/, false/*notify jvmti*/);
   __ z_lg(Z_fp, _z_abi(callers_sp), Z_SP); // Restore frame pointer.
+  __ pop_cont_fastpath();
 
   __ get_vm_result_oop(Z_ARG1);     // Restore exception.
   __ verify_oop(Z_ARG1);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateTable_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateTable_s390.cpp
index 3b0929608a3..1da24c0378c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateTable_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateTable_s390.cpp
@@ -2336,7 +2336,9 @@ void TemplateTable::_return(TosState state) {
     __ z_tm(poll_byte_addr, SafepointMechanism::poll_bit());
     __ z_braz(no_safepoint);
     __ push(state);
+    __ push_cont_fastpath();
     __ call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::at_safepoint));
+    __ pop_cont_fastpath();
     __ pop(state);
     __ bind(no_safepoint);
   }
@@ -2395,7 +2397,7 @@ void TemplateTable::resolve_cache_and_index_for_method(int byte_no,
   // Class initialization barrier slow path lands here as well.
   address entry = CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::resolve_from_cache);
   __ load_const_optimized(Z_ARG2, (int)code);
-  __ call_VM(noreg, entry, Z_ARG2);
+  __ call_VM_preemptable(noreg, entry, Z_ARG2);
 
   // Update registers with resolved info.
   __ load_method_entry(Rcache, index);
@@ -2445,7 +2447,7 @@ void TemplateTable::resolve_cache_and_index_for_field(int byte_no,
   // Class initialization barrier slow path lands here as well.
   address entry = CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::resolve_from_cache);
   __ load_const_optimized(Z_ARG2, (int)code);
-  __ call_VM(noreg, entry, Z_ARG2);
+  __ call_VM_preemptable(noreg, entry, Z_ARG2);
 
   // Update registers with resolved info.
   __ load_field_entry(cache, index);
@@ -4022,7 +4024,7 @@ void TemplateTable::_new() {
   __ bind(slow_case);
   __ get_constant_pool(Z_ARG2);
   __ get_2_byte_integer_at_bcp(Z_ARG3/*dest*/, 1, InterpreterMacroAssembler::Unsigned);
-  call_VM(Z_tos, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::_new), Z_ARG2, Z_ARG3);
+  __ call_VM_preemptable(Z_tos, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::_new), Z_ARG2, Z_ARG3);
   __ verify_oop(Z_tos);
 
   // continue
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/upcallLinker_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/upcallLinker_s390.cpp
index 23ac80ddf48..de57e5e0cc4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/upcallLinker_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/upcallLinker_s390.cpp
@@ -220,9 +220,13 @@ address UpcallLinker::make_upcall_stub(jobject receiver, Symbol* signature,
   __ call(call_target_address); // load taget Method* into Z_method
   __ block_comment("} load_target");
 
+  __ push_cont_fastpath();
+
   __ z_lg(call_target_address, Address(Z_method, in_bytes(Method::from_compiled_offset())));
   __ call(call_target_address);
 
+  __ pop_cont_fastpath();
+
   // return value shuffle
   assert(!needs_return_buffer, "unexpected needs_return_buffer");
   // CallArranger can pick a return type that goes in the same reg for both CCs.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/stackChunkOop.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/stackChunkOop.inline.hpp
index d0ddbe8dfe6..3ad28190d02 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/stackChunkOop.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/stackChunkOop.inline.hpp
@@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ inline void stackChunkOopDesc::copy_from_stack_to_chunk(intptr_t* from, intptr_t
   assert(to >= start_address(), "Chunk underflow");
   assert(to + size <= end_address(), "Chunk overflow");
 
-#if !(defined(AMD64) || defined(AARCH64) || defined(RISCV64) || defined(PPC64)) || defined(ZERO)
+#if !(defined(AMD64) || defined(AARCH64) || defined(RISCV64) || defined(PPC64) || defined(S390)) || defined(ZERO)
   // Suppress compilation warning-as-error on unimplemented architectures
   // that stub out arch-specific methods. Some compilers are smart enough
   // to figure out the argument is always null and then warn about it.
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ inline void stackChunkOopDesc::copy_from_chunk_to_stack(intptr_t* from, intptr_t
   assert(from >= start_address(), "");
   assert(from + size <= end_address(), "");
 
-#if !(defined(AMD64) || defined(AARCH64) || defined(RISCV64) || defined(PPC64)) || defined(ZERO)
+#if !(defined(AMD64) || defined(AARCH64) || defined(RISCV64) || defined(PPC64) || defined(S390)) || defined(ZERO)
   // Suppress compilation warning-as-error on unimplemented architectures
   // that stub out arch-specific methods. Some compilers are smart enough
   // to figure out the argument is always null and then warn about it.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuation.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuation.cpp
index f8af2545c37..e80720072c5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuation.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuation.cpp
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ frame Continuation::continuation_parent_frame(RegisterMap* map) {
 
   map->set_stack_chunk(nullptr);
 
-#if (defined(X86) || defined(AARCH64) || defined(RISCV64) || defined(PPC64)) && !defined(ZERO)
+#if (defined(X86) || defined(AARCH64) || defined(RISCV64) || defined(PPC64) || defined(S390)) && !defined(ZERO)
   frame sender(cont.entrySP(), cont.entryFP(), cont.entryPC());
 #else
   frame sender = frame();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
index d76652edf36..e9b6325d03b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
@@ -220,7 +220,6 @@ template<typename ConfigT, bool preempt> static inline freeze_result freeze_inte
 static inline int prepare_thaw_internal(JavaThread* thread, bool return_barrier);
 template<typename ConfigT> static inline intptr_t* thaw_internal(JavaThread* thread, const Continuation::thaw_kind kind);
 
-
 // Entry point to freeze. Transitions are handled manually
 // Called from gen_continuation_yield() in sharedRuntime_<cpu>.cpp through Continuation::freeze_entry();
 template<typename ConfigT>
@@ -507,13 +506,7 @@ FreezeBase::FreezeBase(JavaThread* thread, ContinuationWrapper& cont, intptr_t*
 
   assert(!Interpreter::contains(_cont.entryPC()), "");
 
-  _bottom_address = _cont.entrySP() - _cont.entry_frame_extension();
-#ifdef _LP64
-  if (((intptr_t)_bottom_address & 0xf) != 0) {
-    _bottom_address--;
-  }
-  assert(is_aligned(_bottom_address, frame::frame_alignment), "");
-#endif
+  _bottom_address = align_down(_cont.entrySP() - _cont.entry_frame_extension(), frame::frame_alignment);
 
   log_develop_trace(continuations)("bottom_address: " INTPTR_FORMAT " entrySP: " INTPTR_FORMAT " argsize: " PTR_FORMAT,
                 p2i(_bottom_address), p2i(_cont.entrySP()), (_cont.entrySP() - _bottom_address) << LogBytesPerWord);
@@ -523,13 +516,17 @@ FreezeBase::FreezeBase(JavaThread* thread, ContinuationWrapper& cont, intptr_t*
 
   assert(_cont.chunk_invariant(), "");
   assert(!Interpreter::contains(_cont.entryPC()), "");
-#if !defined(PPC64) || defined(ZERO)
-  static const int doYield_stub_frame_size = frame::metadata_words;
-#else
+#if defined(PPC64) && !defined(ZERO)
   static const int doYield_stub_frame_size = frame::native_abi_reg_args_size >> LogBytesPerWord;
+#elif defined(S390) && !defined(ZERO)
+  static const int doYield_stub_frame_size = frame::z_abi_160_base_size >> LogBytesPerWord;
+#else
+  static const int doYield_stub_frame_size = frame::metadata_words;
 #endif
   // With preemption doYield() might not have been resolved yet
-  assert(_preempt || SharedRuntime::cont_doYield_stub()->frame_size() == doYield_stub_frame_size, "");
+  assert(_preempt || SharedRuntime::cont_doYield_stub()->frame_size() == doYield_stub_frame_size,
+      "_preempt = %d, cont_doYield_stub()->frame_size() = %d, doYield_stub_frame_size = %d",
+      (_preempt ? 1 : 0), SharedRuntime::cont_doYield_stub()->frame_size(), doYield_stub_frame_size);
 
   if (preempt) {
     _last_frame = _thread->last_frame();
@@ -2597,7 +2594,13 @@ inline void ThawBase::patch(frame& f, const frame& caller, bool bottom) {
   } else if (_should_patch_caller_pc) {
     // Caller was deoptimized during thaw but we've overwritten the return address when copying f from the heap.
     // Also, on some platforms, if the caller is interpreted but the callee not we also need to patch.
-    assert(caller.is_deoptimized_frame() PPC64_ONLY(|| caller.is_interpreted_frame()), "");
+
+#if defined(PPC64) || defined(S390)
+    assert(caller.is_deoptimized_frame() || caller.is_interpreted_frame(), "");
+#else
+    assert(caller.is_deoptimized_frame(), "");
+#endif
+
     ContinuationHelper::Frame::patch_pc(caller, caller.raw_pc());
     _should_patch_caller_pc = false;
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.cpp
index ae04d398043..3e45b6fe310 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.cpp
@@ -1685,13 +1685,13 @@ void FrameValues::print_on(outputStream* st, int min_index, int max_index, intpt
       //   4. Recognize it as being part of the "fixed frame".
       if (*fv.location != 0 && *fv.location > -100 && *fv.location < 100
           && fp != nullptr && *fv.description != '#'
-#if !defined(PPC64)
+#if !defined(PPC64) && !defined(S390)
           && (strncmp(fv.description, "interpreter_frame_", 18) == 0 || strstr(fv.description, " method "))
-#else  // !defined(PPC64)
+#else  // !defined(PPC64) && !defined(S390)
           && (strcmp(fv.description, "sender_sp") == 0 || strcmp(fv.description, "top_frame_sp") == 0 ||
               strcmp(fv.description, "esp") == 0 || strcmp(fv.description, "monitors") == 0 ||
               strcmp(fv.description, "locals") == 0 || strstr(fv.description, " method "))
-#endif //!defined(PPC64)
+#endif // !defined(PPC64) && !defined(S390)
           ) {
         st->print_cr(" " INTPTR_FORMAT ": " INTPTR_FORMAT " %-32s (relativized: fp%+d)",
                      p2i(fv.location), p2i(&fp[*fv.location]), fv.description, (int)*fv.location);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
index 5489735da39..bcb7f5488f5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
@@ -3104,14 +3104,16 @@ void AdapterHandlerLibrary::create_native_wrapper(const methodHandle& method) {
       struct { double data[20]; } locs_buf;
       struct { double data[20]; } stubs_locs_buf;
       buffer.insts()->initialize_shared_locs((relocInfo*)&locs_buf, sizeof(locs_buf) / sizeof(relocInfo));
-#if defined(AARCH64) || defined(PPC64)
+#if defined(AARCH64)
       // On AArch64 with ZGC and nmethod entry barriers, we need all oops to be
       // in the constant pool to ensure ordering between the barrier and oops
       // accesses. For native_wrappers we need a constant.
-      // On PPC64 the continuation enter intrinsic needs the constant pool for the compiled
+      buffer.initialize_consts_size(8);
+#elif defined(PPC64) || defined(S390)
+      // On PPC64/S390 the continuation enter intrinsic needs the constant pool for the compiled
       // static java call that is resolved in the runtime.
-      if (PPC64_ONLY(method->is_continuation_enter_intrinsic() &&) true) {
-        buffer.initialize_consts_size(8 PPC64_ONLY(+ 24));
+      if (method->is_continuation_enter_intrinsic()) {
+        buffer.initialize_consts_size(8 PPC64_ONLY(+ 24) S390_ONLY(+ 17));
       }
 #endif
       buffer.stubs()->initialize_shared_locs((relocInfo*)&stubs_locs_buf, sizeof(stubs_locs_buf) / sizeof(relocInfo));
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
index a9f70fc97a4..e0005bfde07 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
@@ -64,7 +64,6 @@ compiler/floatingpoint/TestSubnormalDouble.java 8317810 generic-i586
 compiler/codecache/CodeCacheFullCountTest.java 8332954 generic-all
 
 compiler/interpreter/Test6833129.java 8335266 generic-i586
-compiler/intrinsics/TestReturnOopSetForJFRWriteCheckpoint.java 8286300 linux-s390x
 
 compiler/c2/aarch64/TestStaticCallStub.java 8359963 generic-aarch64
 
@@ -105,7 +104,6 @@ runtime/ErrorHandling/MachCodeFramesInErrorFile.java 8313315 linux-ppc64le
 runtime/NMT/VirtualAllocCommitMerge.java 8309698 linux-s390x
 runtime/Thread/TestAlwaysPreTouchStacks.java 8383372 macosx-aarch64
 
-applications/ctw/modules/jdk_jfr.java 8286300 linux-s390x
 applications/jcstress/copy.java 8229852 linux-all
 
 containers/docker/TestJFREvents.java 8327723 linux-x64
diff --git a/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt b/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
index fcde1d9c01d..8879aa2e5b6 100644
--- a/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
@@ -612,24 +612,6 @@ jdk/incubator/vector/LoadJsvmlTest.java                         8305390 windows-
 
 # jdk_jfr
 
-jdk/jfr/api/consumer/TestRecordingFileWrite.java                8286300 linux-s390x
-jdk/jfr/api/consumer/streaming/TestCrossProcessStreaming.java   8286300 linux-s390x
-jdk/jfr/api/consumer/streaming/TestFilledChunks.java            8286300 linux-s390x
-jdk/jfr/api/consumer/streaming/TestRemovedChunks.java           8286300 linux-s390x
-jdk/jfr/api/recording/misc/TestGetStreamWithFailure.java        8286300 linux-s390x
-jdk/jfr/api/settings/TestSettingControl.java                    8286300 linux-s390x
-jdk/jfr/event/runtime/TestBackToBackSensitive.java              8286300 linux-s390x
-jdk/jfr/event/runtime/TestSyncOnValueBasedClassEvent.java       8286300 linux-s390x
-jdk/jfr/event/tracing/TestMultipleThreads.java                  8286300 linux-s390x
-jdk/jfr/event/tracing/TestTracedString.java                     8286300 linux-s390x
-jdk/jfr/javaagent/TestLoadedAgent.java                          8286300 linux-s390x
-jdk/jfr/javaagent/TestPremainAgent.java                         8286300 linux-s390x
-jdk/jfr/jmx/streaming/TestClose.java                            8286300 linux-s390x
-jdk/jfr/jmx/streaming/TestMaxSize.java                          8286300 linux-s390x
-jdk/jfr/jvm/TestChunkIntegrity.java                             8286300 linux-s390x
-jdk/jfr/jvm/TestJFRIntrinsic.java                               8286300 linux-s390x
-jdk/jfr/tool/TestDisassemble.java                               8286300 linux-s390x
-jdk/jfr/tool/TestScrub.java                                     8286300 linux-s390x
 jdk/jfr/event/compiler/TestCodeSweeper.java                     8338127 generic-all
 jdk/jfr/event/oldobject/TestShenandoah.java                     8342951 generic-all
 jdk/jfr/event/runtime/TestResidentSetSizeEvent.java             8309846 aix-ppc64
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/tck/JSR166TestCase.java b/test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/tck/JSR166TestCase.java
index 641fbf2e495..f1f32bee310 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/tck/JSR166TestCase.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/tck/JSR166TestCase.java
@@ -37,9 +37,7 @@
 /*
  * @test id=default
  * @summary Conformance testing variant of JSR-166 tck tests.
- * @library /test/lib
  * @build *
- * @build jdk.test.lib.Platform
  * @modules java.management java.base/jdk.internal.util
  * @run junit/othervm/timeout=1000 JSR166TestCase
  */
@@ -48,9 +46,7 @@
  * @test id=forkjoinpool-common-parallelism
  * @summary Test implementation details variant of JSR-166
  *          tck tests with ForkJoinPool common parallelism.
- * @library /test/lib
  * @build *
- * @build jdk.test.lib.Platform
  * @modules java.management java.base/jdk.internal.util
  * @run junit/othervm/timeout=1000
  *      --add-opens java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED
@@ -72,9 +68,7 @@
  * @summary Remaining test implementation details variant of
  *          JSR-166 tck tests apart from ForkJoinPool common
  *          parallelism.
- * @library /test/lib
  * @build *
- * @build jdk.test.lib.Platform
  * @modules java.management java.base/jdk.internal.util
  * @run junit/othervm/timeout=1000
  *      --add-opens java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED
@@ -141,7 +135,6 @@
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
 import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
-import jdk.test.lib.Platform;
 import junit.framework.Test;
 import junit.framework.TestCase;
 import junit.framework.TestResult;
@@ -631,13 +624,6 @@ public static Test suite() {
                 "SynchronousQueue20Test",
                 "ReentrantReadWriteLock20Test"
             };
-
-            if (Platform.isS390x()) {
-                java20TestClassNames = new String[] {
-                    "ForkJoinPool20Test",
-                };
-            }
-
             addNamedTestClasses(suite, java20TestClassNames);
         }
 

From ab116d00a88046d662210539b4bc12db3a364c86 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Manuel=20H=C3=A4ssig?= <mhaessig@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 9 Jul 2026 13:45:41 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 189/707] 8385945: Deprecate the CompilationMode flag

Reviewed-by: dholmes, ayang
---
 src/hotspot/share/compiler/compiler_globals.hpp                | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp                        | 1 +
 .../hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CommandLine/VMDeprecatedOptions.java | 3 ++-
 3 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compiler_globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compiler_globals.hpp
index e1f8d9f8922..effe6cc0725 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compiler_globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compiler_globals.hpp
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@
           "mode if posssible")                                              \
                                                                             \
   product(ccstr, CompilationMode, "default",                                \
-          "Compilation modes: "                                             \
+          "(Deprecated) Compilation modes: "                                \
           "default: normal tiered compilation; "                            \
           "quick-only: C1-only mode; "                                      \
           "high-only: C2-only mode.")                                       \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp
index 2804224ed01..269a8b39e6b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp
@@ -529,6 +529,7 @@ static SpecialFlag const special_jvm_flags[] = {
   { "DynamicDumpSharedSpaces",      JDK_Version::jdk(18), JDK_Version::jdk(19), JDK_Version::undefined() },
   { "RequireSharedSpaces",          JDK_Version::jdk(18), JDK_Version::jdk(19), JDK_Version::undefined() },
   { "UseSharedSpaces",              JDK_Version::jdk(18), JDK_Version::jdk(19), JDK_Version::undefined() },
+  { "CompilationMode",              JDK_Version::jdk(28), JDK_Version::jdk(29), JDK_Version::jdk(30)},
   // --- Deprecated alias flags (see also aliased_jvm_flags) - sorted by obsolete_in then expired_in:
   { "CreateMinidumpOnCrash",        JDK_Version::jdk(9),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
   { "InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent", JDK_Version::jdk(27),  JDK_Version::jdk(28), JDK_Version::jdk(29) },
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CommandLine/VMDeprecatedOptions.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CommandLine/VMDeprecatedOptions.java
index 99c2d27f8d3..8c530936065 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CommandLine/VMDeprecatedOptions.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CommandLine/VMDeprecatedOptions.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ public class VMDeprecatedOptions {
             // { <flag name> , <expected default value> }
             // deprecated non-alias flags:
             {"AllowRedefinitionToAddDeleteMethods", "true"},
+            {"CompilationMode", "default"},
 
             // deprecated alias flags (see also aliased_jvm_flags):
             {"CreateMinidumpOnCrash", "false"}

From 095cf06e734dad42ffec82292f23cf85bcfae62e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 9 Jul 2026 16:02:22 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 190/707] 8387404: Make ClassLoaderData::oops_do inlineable

Reviewed-by: coleenp, xpeng
---
 .../share/classfile/classLoaderData.cpp       | 19 +------------------
 .../share/classfile/classLoaderData.hpp       |  5 +++--
 .../classfile/classLoaderData.inline.hpp      | 19 +++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 23 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderData.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderData.cpp
index d1ea9c09d4c..95e1ef3b877 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderData.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderData.cpp
@@ -289,19 +289,6 @@ void ClassLoaderData::verify_not_claimed(int claim) {
 }
 #endif
 
-bool ClassLoaderData::try_claim(int claim) {
-  for (;;) {
-    int old_claim = AtomicAccess::load(&_claim);
-    if ((old_claim & claim) == claim) {
-      return false;
-    }
-    int new_claim = old_claim | claim;
-    if (AtomicAccess::cmpxchg(&_claim, old_claim, new_claim) == old_claim) {
-      return true;
-    }
-  }
-}
-
 void ClassLoaderData::demote_strong_roots() {
   // The oop handle area contains strong roots that the GC traces from. We are about
   // to demote them to strong native oops that the GC does *not* trace from. Conceptually,
@@ -369,11 +356,7 @@ void ClassLoaderData::dec_keep_alive_ref_count() {
   }
 }
 
-void ClassLoaderData::oops_do(OopClosure* f, int claim_value, bool clear_mod_oops) {
-  if (claim_value != ClassLoaderData::_claim_none && !try_claim(claim_value)) {
-    return;
-  }
-
+void ClassLoaderData::oops_do_slow(OopClosure* f, bool clear_mod_oops) {
   // Only clear modified_oops after the ClassLoaderData is claimed.
   if (clear_mod_oops) {
     clear_modified_oops();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderData.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderData.hpp
index 64fcfb7519f..3a0a05126af 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderData.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderData.hpp
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ class ClassLoaderData : public CHeapObj<mtClass> {
   void verify_not_claimed(int claim) NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
   bool claimed() const { return _claim != 0; }
   bool claimed(int claim) const { return (_claim & claim) == claim; }
-  bool try_claim(int claim);
+  inline bool try_claim(int claim);
 
   // Computes if the CLD is alive or not. This is safe to call in concurrent
   // contexts.
@@ -305,7 +305,8 @@ class ClassLoaderData : public CHeapObj<mtClass> {
 
   void initialize_holder(Handle holder);
 
-  void oops_do(OopClosure* f, int claim_value, bool clear_modified_oops = false);
+  inline void oops_do(OopClosure* f, int claim_value, bool clear_modified_oops = false);
+  void oops_do_slow(OopClosure* f, bool clear_modified_oops);
 
   void classes_do(KlassClosure* klass_closure);
   Klass* klasses() { return _klasses; }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderData.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderData.inline.hpp
index 4c4427b19e1..df29dca053b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderData.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderData.inline.hpp
@@ -85,4 +85,23 @@ inline ClassLoaderData* ClassLoaderData::class_loader_data(oop loader) {
   return loader_data;
 }
 
+inline bool ClassLoaderData::try_claim(int claim) {
+  for (;;) {
+    int old_claim = AtomicAccess::load(&_claim);
+    if ((old_claim & claim) == claim) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    int new_claim = old_claim | claim;
+    if (AtomicAccess::cmpxchg(&_claim, old_claim, new_claim) == old_claim) {
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+inline void ClassLoaderData::oops_do(OopClosure* f, int claim_value, bool clear_mod_oops) {
+  if (claim_value == _claim_none || try_claim(claim_value)) {
+    oops_do_slow(f, clear_mod_oops);
+  }
+}
+
 #endif // SHARE_CLASSFILE_CLASSLOADERDATA_INLINE_HPP

From a230a6099e2ec1b2f8f35515964c8ccb7c1523ec Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Naoto Sato <naoto@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 9 Jul 2026 16:28:56 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 191/707] 8387795: Remove hard coded set of locales in
 LocaleData

Reviewed-by: jlu
---
 .../ResourceBundleGenerator.java              | 40 +++++++++++++++++--
 .../util/cldr/CLDRLocaleProviderAdapter.java  |  6 ++-
 .../provider/JRELocaleProviderAdapter.java    |  4 ++
 .../provider/ResourceBundleBasedAdapter.java  | 12 +++++-
 .../sun/util/resources/LocaleData.java        | 21 +++++-----
 5 files changed, 66 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)

diff --git a/make/jdk/src/classes/build/tools/cldrconverter/ResourceBundleGenerator.java b/make/jdk/src/classes/build/tools/cldrconverter/ResourceBundleGenerator.java
index 84657ae94f0..8e9635ab519 100644
--- a/make/jdk/src/classes/build/tools/cldrconverter/ResourceBundleGenerator.java
+++ b/make/jdk/src/classes/build/tools/cldrconverter/ResourceBundleGenerator.java
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
 import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Comparator;
 import java.util.Formatter;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.HashMap;
@@ -39,6 +40,7 @@
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.SortedSet;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+import static java.util.ResourceBundle.Control;
 
 class ResourceBundleGenerator implements BundleGenerator {
     // preferred timezones - keeping compatibility with JDK1.1 3 letter abbreviations
@@ -69,6 +71,9 @@ class ResourceBundleGenerator implements BundleGenerator {
     // For duplicated values
     private static final String META_VALUE_PREFIX = "metaValue_";
 
+    // locales in the base module
+    private final Set<Locale> baseModuleLocales = new HashSet<>();
+
     @Override
     public void generateBundle(String packageName, String baseName, String localeID,
                                Map<String, ?> map, BundleType type) throws IOException {
@@ -80,8 +85,15 @@ public void generateBundle(String packageName, String baseName, String localeID,
             return;
         }
 
-        // Assume that non-base resources go into jdk.localedata
-        if (!CLDRConverter.isBaseModule) {
+        if (CLDRConverter.isBaseModule) {
+            if (!localeID.equals("root")) {
+                baseModuleLocales.addAll(
+                    Control.getControl(Control.FORMAT_DEFAULT)
+                        .getCandidateLocales("",
+                            Locale.forLanguageTag(CLDRConverter.toLanguageTag(localeID))));
+            }
+        } else {
+            // Assume that non-base resources go into jdk.localedata
             dirName = dirName + File.separator + "ext";
             packageName = packageName + ".ext";
         }
@@ -284,6 +296,7 @@ public void generateMetaInfo(Map<String, SortedSet<String>> metaInfo) throws IOE
                 import java.util.HashMap;
                 import java.util.Locale;
                 import java.util.Map;
+                import java.util.Set;
                 import sun.util.locale.provider.LocaleDataMetaInfo;
                 import sun.util.locale.provider.LocaleProviderAdapter;
 
@@ -296,6 +309,7 @@ public class %s implements LocaleDataMetaInfo {
                 out.printf("""
                         private static final Map<Locale, String[]> parentLocalesMap = HashMap.newHashMap(%d);
                         private static final Map<String, String> languageAliasMap = HashMap.newHashMap(%d);
+                        private static final Set<Locale> baseModuleLocales;
                         static final boolean nonlikelyScript = %s; // package access from CLDRLocaleProviderAdapter
 
                         static {
@@ -322,7 +336,23 @@ public class %s implements LocaleDataMetaInfo {
                 CLDRConverter.handlerSupplMeta.getLanguageAliasData().forEach((key, value) -> {
                     out.printf("        languageAliasMap.put(\"%s\", \"%s\");\n", CLDRConverter.escape(key), CLDRConverter.escape(value));
                 });
-                out.printf("    }\n\n");
+                out.println();
+
+                // for baseModuleLocales
+                out.printf("        baseModuleLocales = Set.of(\n");
+                out.printf("            %s",
+                    baseModuleLocales.stream()
+                        .map(Locale::toLanguageTag)
+                        .sorted(Comparator.comparing(l -> l.equals("und") ? "" : l))
+                        .map(l -> switch(l) {
+                                case "und"   -> "Locale.ROOT";
+                                case "en"    -> "Locale.ENGLISH";
+                                case "en-US" -> "Locale.US";
+                                default      -> "Locale.forLanguageTag(\"" + l + "\")";
+                            })
+                        .collect(Collectors.joining(",\n            ")));
+                out.printf("\n        );");
+                out.println("\n    }\n");
 
                 // end of static initializer block.
 
@@ -391,6 +421,10 @@ public Map<Locale, String[]> parentLocales() {
                         return parentLocalesMap;
                     }
 
+                    public Set<Locale> baseModuleLocales() {
+                        return baseModuleLocales;
+                    }
+
                     // package access from CLDRLocaleProviderAdapter
                     Map<String, String> likelyScriptMap() {
                         return CLDRMapHolder.likelyScriptMap;
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/cldr/CLDRLocaleProviderAdapter.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/cldr/CLDRLocaleProviderAdapter.java
index 573187ba3d0..1e80bce3839 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/cldr/CLDRLocaleProviderAdapter.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/cldr/CLDRLocaleProviderAdapter.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -288,6 +288,10 @@ public boolean isSupportedProviderLocale(Locale locale, Set<String> langtags) {
                 || langtags.contains(getEquivalentLoc(locale).toLanguageTag());
     }
 
+    public Set<Locale> baseModuleLocales() {
+        return baseMetaInfo.baseModuleLocales();
+    }
+
     /**
      * Returns the canonical ID for the given ID
      */
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/provider/JRELocaleProviderAdapter.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/provider/JRELocaleProviderAdapter.java
index 7b8b3b06eb3..2d6d95b509f 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/provider/JRELocaleProviderAdapter.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/provider/JRELocaleProviderAdapter.java
@@ -488,4 +488,8 @@ public boolean isSupportedProviderLocale(Locale locale,  Set<String> langtags) {
                    "th-TH-TH".equals(oldname) ||
                    "no-NO-NY".equals(oldname);
     }
+
+    public Set<Locale> baseModuleLocales() {
+        return Set.of(Locale.ROOT);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/provider/ResourceBundleBasedAdapter.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/provider/ResourceBundleBasedAdapter.java
index 613b1ee5158..48d9b832b13 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/provider/ResourceBundleBasedAdapter.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/provider/ResourceBundleBasedAdapter.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@
 
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Set;
+
 import sun.util.resources.LocaleData;
 
 /**
@@ -40,5 +42,11 @@ public interface ResourceBundleBasedAdapter {
     /**
      * candidate locales customization
      */
-    public List<Locale> getCandidateLocales(String baseName, Locale locale);
+    List<Locale> getCandidateLocales(String baseName, Locale locale);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the locales whose resource bundles are resolved from
+     * the java.base module for this adapter.
+     */
+    Set<Locale> baseModuleLocales();
 }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/resources/LocaleData.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/resources/LocaleData.java
index 20e8e0f8fe9..884f9610ca7 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/resources/LocaleData.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/resources/LocaleData.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@
 import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.ResourceBundle;
-import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
 import java.util.spi.ResourceBundleProvider;
 import sun.util.locale.provider.JRELocaleProviderAdapter;
@@ -180,9 +179,6 @@ protected String toOtherBundleName(String baseName, String bundleName, Locale lo
 
     private static class LocaleDataStrategy implements Bundles.Strategy {
         private static final LocaleDataStrategy INSTANCE = new LocaleDataStrategy();
-        // TODO: avoid hard-coded Locales
-        private static final Set<Locale> JAVA_BASE_LOCALES
-            = Set.of(Locale.ROOT, Locale.ENGLISH, Locale.US, Locale.of("en", "US", "POSIX"));
 
         private LocaleDataStrategy() {
         }
@@ -202,11 +198,8 @@ public List<Locale> getCandidateLocales(String baseName, Locale locale) {
             String key = baseName + '-' + locale.toLanguageTag();
             List<Locale> candidates = CANDIDATES_MAP.get(key);
             if (candidates == null) {
-                LocaleProviderAdapter.Type type = baseName.contains(DOTCLDR) ? CLDR : JRE;
-                LocaleProviderAdapter adapter = LocaleProviderAdapter.forType(type);
-                candidates = adapter instanceof ResourceBundleBasedAdapter rbba ?
-                    rbba.getCandidateLocales(baseName, locale) :
-                    defaultControl.getCandidateLocales(baseName, locale);
+                var adapter = getAdapter(baseName);
+                candidates = adapter.getCandidateLocales(baseName, locale);
 
                 // Weed out Locales which are known to have no resource bundles
                 int lastDot = baseName.lastIndexOf('.');
@@ -227,7 +220,13 @@ public List<Locale> getCandidateLocales(String baseName, Locale locale) {
         }
 
         boolean inJavaBaseModule(String baseName, Locale locale) {
-            return JAVA_BASE_LOCALES.contains(locale);
+            return getAdapter(baseName).baseModuleLocales().contains(locale);
+        }
+
+        private static ResourceBundleBasedAdapter getAdapter(String baseName) {
+            return (ResourceBundleBasedAdapter)(baseName.contains(DOTCLDR) ?
+                LocaleProviderAdapter.forType(CLDR) :
+                LocaleProviderAdapter.forType(JRE));
         }
 
         @Override

From 7544c91a81858b8738e06a611f93bd95a7a8197c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 9 Jul 2026 16:46:29 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 192/707] 8387961: Shenandoah: Rework marked objects loop
 prefetch

Reviewed-by: xpeng, wkemper, kdnilsen
---
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp   | 88 ++++++-------------
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoah_globals.hpp      |  5 --
 2 files changed, 27 insertions(+), 66 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp
index 69eaf1589d2..b3c847cadaf 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegionSet.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMarkingContext.inline.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPrefetch.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahThreadLocalData.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahWorkGroup.hpp"
 #include "oops/compressedOops.inline.hpp"
@@ -515,74 +516,35 @@ inline void ShenandoahHeap::marked_object_iterate(ShenandoahHeapRegion* region,
 
 template<class T>
 inline void ShenandoahHeap::marked_object_iterate(ShenandoahHeapRegion* region, T* cl, HeapWord* limit) {
-  assert(! region->is_humongous_continuation(), "no humongous continuation regions here");
+  assert(!region->is_humongous_continuation(), "no humongous continuation regions here");
+  assert(limit <= region->top(), "sanity");
 
   ShenandoahMarkingContext* const ctx = marking_context();
 
   HeapWord* tams = ctx->top_at_mark_start(region);
-
-  size_t skip_bitmap_delta = 1;
-  HeapWord* start = region->bottom();
-  HeapWord* end = MIN2(tams, region->end());
-
-  // Step 1. Scan below the TAMS based on bitmap data.
   HeapWord* limit_bitmap = MIN2(limit, tams);
 
+  // Step 1. Scan below the TAMS based on bitmap data.
   // Try to scan the initial candidate. If the candidate is above the TAMS, it would
   // fail the subsequent "< limit_bitmap" checks, and fall through to Step 2.
-  HeapWord* cb = ctx->get_next_marked_addr(start, end);
-
-  intx dist = ShenandoahMarkScanPrefetch;
-  if (dist > 0) {
-    // Batched scan that prefetches the oop data, anticipating the access to
-    // either header, oop field, or forwarding pointer. Not that we cannot
-    // touch anything in oop, while it still being prefetched to get enough
-    // time for prefetch to work. This is why we try to scan the bitmap linearly,
-    // disregarding the object size. However, since we know forwarding pointer
-    // precedes the object, we can skip over it. Once we cannot trust the bitmap,
-    // there is no point for prefetching the oop contents, as oop->size() will
-    // touch it prematurely.
-
-    // No variable-length arrays in standard C++, have enough slots to fit
-    // the prefetch distance.
-    static const int SLOT_COUNT = 256;
-    guarantee(dist <= SLOT_COUNT, "adjust slot count");
-    HeapWord* slots[SLOT_COUNT];
-
-    int avail;
-    do {
-      avail = 0;
-      for (int c = 0; (c < dist) && (cb < limit_bitmap); c++) {
-        Prefetch::read(cb, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes());
-        slots[avail++] = cb;
-        cb += skip_bitmap_delta;
-        if (cb < limit_bitmap) {
-          cb = ctx->get_next_marked_addr(cb, limit_bitmap);
-        }
-      }
-
-      for (int c = 0; c < avail; c++) {
-        assert (slots[c] < tams,  "only objects below TAMS here: "  PTR_FORMAT " (" PTR_FORMAT ")", p2i(slots[c]), p2i(tams));
-        assert (slots[c] < limit, "only objects below limit here: " PTR_FORMAT " (" PTR_FORMAT ")", p2i(slots[c]), p2i(limit));
-        oop obj = cast_to_oop(slots[c]);
-        assert(oopDesc::is_oop(obj), "sanity");
-        assert(ctx->is_marked(obj), "object expected to be marked");
-        cl->do_object(obj);
-      }
-    } while (avail > 0);
-  } else {
-    while (cb < limit_bitmap) {
-      assert (cb < tams,  "only objects below TAMS here: "  PTR_FORMAT " (" PTR_FORMAT ")", p2i(cb), p2i(tams));
-      assert (cb < limit, "only objects below limit here: " PTR_FORMAT " (" PTR_FORMAT ")", p2i(cb), p2i(limit));
-      oop obj = cast_to_oop(cb);
-      assert(oopDesc::is_oop(obj), "sanity");
-      assert(ctx->is_marked(obj), "object expected to be marked");
-      cl->do_object(obj);
-      cb += skip_bitmap_delta;
-      if (cb < limit_bitmap) {
-        cb = ctx->get_next_marked_addr(cb, limit_bitmap);
-      }
+  HeapWord* cb = ctx->get_next_marked_addr(region->bottom(), limit_bitmap);
+  while (cb < limit_bitmap) {
+    assert (cb < tams,  "only objects below TAMS here: "  PTR_FORMAT " (" PTR_FORMAT ")", p2i(cb), p2i(tams));
+    assert (cb < limit, "only objects below limit here: " PTR_FORMAT " (" PTR_FORMAT ")", p2i(cb), p2i(limit));
+    oop obj = cast_to_oop(cb);
+    assert(oopDesc::is_oop(obj), "sanity");
+    assert(ctx->is_marked(obj), "object expected to be marked");
+
+    // Compute the next object address and initiate prefetches for it,
+    // while we are processing current object.
+    constexpr size_t skip_bitmap_delta = 1;
+    cb += skip_bitmap_delta;
+    if (cb < limit_bitmap) {
+      cb = ctx->get_next_marked_addr(cb, limit_bitmap);
     }
+    ShenandoahPrefetch::prefetch(cast_to_oop(cb));
+
+    cl->do_object(obj);
   }
 
   // Step 2. Accurate size-based traversal, happens past the TAMS.
@@ -595,9 +557,13 @@ inline void ShenandoahHeap::marked_object_iterate(ShenandoahHeapRegion* region,
     oop obj = cast_to_oop(cs);
     assert(oopDesc::is_oop(obj), "sanity");
     assert(ctx->is_marked(obj), "object expected to be marked");
-    size_t size = ShenandoahForwarding::size(obj);
+
+    // Compute the next object address and initiate prefetches for it,
+    // while we are processing current object.
+    cs += ShenandoahForwarding::size(obj);
+    ShenandoahPrefetch::prefetch(cast_to_oop(cs));
+
     cl->do_object(obj);
-    cs += size;
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoah_globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoah_globals.hpp
index 793b2f3b6d1..d76348b030a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoah_globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoah_globals.hpp
@@ -476,11 +476,6 @@
           "evacuated.")                                                     \
           range(0, 100)                                                     \
                                                                             \
-  product(intx, ShenandoahMarkScanPrefetch, 32, EXPERIMENTAL,               \
-          "How many objects to prefetch ahead when traversing mark bitmaps."\
-          "Set to 0 to disable prefetching.")                               \
-          range(0, 256)                                                     \
-                                                                            \
   product(uintx, ShenandoahMarkLoopStride, 1000, EXPERIMENTAL,              \
           "How many items to process during one marking iteration before "  \
           "checking for cancellation, yielding, etc. Larger values improve "\

From 4d3723b802bf582572e9d71d1ff1660e68637e04 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vladimir Ivanov <vlivanov@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 9 Jul 2026 16:59:16 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 193/707] 8382536: C2: sharpen_type_after_if:
 assert(val->find_edge(con) > 0) failed: mismatch

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, mchevalier
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp             | 34 ++++++++-----
 .../types/TestSubTypeCheckConstantCastII.java | 51 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 72 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/types/TestSubTypeCheckConstantCastII.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
index 8ac4cf47558..9cb20cfcd00 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
@@ -1749,6 +1749,10 @@ static bool match_type_check(PhaseGVN& gvn,
                              Node* con, const Type* tcon,
                              Node* val, const Type* tval,
                              Node** obj, const TypeOopPtr** cast_type) { // out-parameters
+  assert(tcon->singleton(), "not a constant: %s", Type::str(tcon));
+  assert(tcon == gvn.type(con), "mismatch: %s != %s", Type::str(tcon), Type::str(gvn.type(con)));
+  assert(tval == gvn.type(val), "mismatch: %s != %s", Type::str(tval), Type::str(gvn.type(val)));
+
   // Look for opportunities to sharpen the type of a node whose klass is compared with a constant klass.
   // The constant klass being tested against can come from many bytecode instructions (implicitly or explicitly),
   // and also from profile data used by speculative casts.
@@ -1783,14 +1787,14 @@ static bool match_type_check(PhaseGVN& gvn,
   //              Region
   //                 \  ConI ConI
   //                  \  |  /
-  //          val ->    Phi  ConI  <- con
-  //                     \  /
-  //                     CmpI
-  //                      |
-  //                    Bool [btest]
-  //                      |
+  //            val ->  Phi   ConI|CastII <- con
+  //                      \     /
+  //                       CmpI
+  //                        |
+  //                      Bool [btest]
+  //                        |
   //
-  if (tval->isa_int() && val->is_Phi() && val->in(0)->as_Region()->is_diamond()) {
+  if (tcon->isa_int() && val->is_Phi() && val->in(0)->as_Region()->is_diamond()) {
     RegionNode* diamond = val->in(0)->as_Region();
     IfNode* if1 = diamond->in(1)->in(0)->as_If();
     BoolNode* b1 = if1->in(1)->isa_Bool();
@@ -1799,12 +1803,16 @@ static bool match_type_check(PhaseGVN& gvn,
              b1->_test._test == BoolTest::ne, "%d", b1->_test._test);
 
       ProjNode* success_proj = if1->proj_out(b1->_test._test == BoolTest::eq ? 1 : 0);
-      int idx = diamond->find_edge(success_proj);
-      assert(idx == 1 || idx == 2, "");
-      Node* vcon = val->in(idx);
-
-      if ((btest == BoolTest::eq && vcon == con) || (btest == BoolTest::ne && vcon != con)) {
-        assert(val->find_edge(con) > 0, "mismatch");
+      int success_idx = diamond->find_edge(success_proj);
+      assert(success_idx == 1 || success_idx == 2, "");
+      assert(val->req() == 3, "not a diamond");
+
+      // gen_instanceof() emits 1 on success and 0 on failure.
+      // Check whether current comparison selects the success value.
+      const Type* success_tval = gvn.type(val->in(success_idx));
+      assert(success_tval->isa_int(), "not an int: %s", Type::str(success_tval));
+      if ((btest == BoolTest::eq && tcon == success_tval) ||
+          (btest == BoolTest::ne && tcon->join(success_tval)->empty())) {
         SubTypeCheckNode* sub = b1->in(1)->as_SubTypeCheck();
         Node* obj_or_subklass = sub->in(SubTypeCheckNode::ObjOrSubKlass);
         Node* superklass = sub->in(SubTypeCheckNode::SuperKlass);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/types/TestSubTypeCheckConstantCastII.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/types/TestSubTypeCheckConstantCastII.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d3ce317ed30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/types/TestSubTypeCheckConstantCastII.java
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8382536
+ * @summary C2: sharpen_type_after_if: assert(val->find_edge(con) > 0) failed: mismatch
+ *
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test ${test.main.class}
+ */
+package compiler.types;
+
+public class TestSubTypeCheckConstantCastII {
+    static class A {}
+
+    static boolean isInstanceOfA(Object obj) {
+        return (obj instanceof A);
+    }
+
+    static void test(boolean b, Object obj) {
+        if (b) {
+            return;
+        }
+        // b == false
+        if (b != isInstanceOfA(obj)) {}
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        test(true, new A());
+    }
+}

From cd7b5fc7a5c294c8572f644d4bbf7451f8cfbec2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Patrick Fontanilla <pfontanilla@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 9 Jul 2026 22:34:25 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 194/707] 8386872: Test
 gc/shenandoah/generational/TestOldGrowthTriggers still fails intermittently

Reviewed-by: wkemper, kdnilsen
---
 .../generational/TestOldGrowthTriggers.java    | 18 +++++++++++++-----
 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/generational/TestOldGrowthTriggers.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/generational/TestOldGrowthTriggers.java
index 2af784fd034..fe3c8a5a476 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/generational/TestOldGrowthTriggers.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/generational/TestOldGrowthTriggers.java
@@ -41,9 +41,11 @@
 public class TestOldGrowthTriggers {
 
     public static void makeOldAllocations() {
-        // Expect most of the BitSet entries placed into array to be promoted, and most will eventually become garbage within old
+        // Keep the majority of BitSet entries (5/8, 960) long-lived so they promote and grow old generation
+        // well past the old GC trigger threshold. A smaller long-lived set can fall just short and only
+        // intermittently trigger an old GC, so don't reduce the array size or the promoted fraction.
 
-        final int ArraySize = 1024;  // 1K entries
+        final int ArraySize = 1536;  // 1536 entries (1024 + 512)
         final int RefillIterations = 128;
         BitSet[] array = new BitSet[ArraySize];
 
@@ -57,8 +59,10 @@ public static void makeOldAllocations() {
                 int replaceIndex = i;
                 int deriveIndex = i-1;
 
+                // 3/8 entries are replaced each pass to trigger young gcs.
+                // 5/8 entries are never touched, so they age each cycle.
                 switch (i & 0x7) {
-                    case 0,1,2 -> {
+                    case 0,1 -> {
                         // creates new BitSet, releases old BitSet,
                         // create ephemeral data while computing
                         BitSet result = (BitSet) array[deriveIndex].clone();
@@ -67,12 +71,12 @@ public static void makeOldAllocations() {
                         }
                         array[replaceIndex] = result;
                     }
-                    case 3,4 -> {
+                    case 2 -> {
                         // creates new BitSet, releases old BitSet
                         BitSet result = (BitSet) array[deriveIndex].clone();
                         array[replaceIndex] = result;
                     }
-                    case 5,6,7 -> {
+                    default -> {
                         // do nothing, let all objects in the array age to increase pressure on old generation
                     }
                 }
@@ -110,6 +114,8 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
                 "-XX:ShenandoahMinOldGenGrowthRemainingHeapPercent=100",
                 "-XX:ShenandoahGuaranteedYoungGCInterval=0",
                 "-XX:ShenandoahGuaranteedOldGCInterval=0",
+                "-XX:ShenandoahGenerationalMinTenuringAge=2",
+                "-XX:ShenandoahGenerationalMaxTenuringAge=2",
                 "-XX:-UseCompactObjectHeaders"
         );
 
@@ -127,6 +133,8 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
                 "-XX:ShenandoahMinOldGenGrowthRemainingHeapPercent=100",
                 "-XX:ShenandoahGuaranteedYoungGCInterval=0",
                 "-XX:ShenandoahGuaranteedOldGCInterval=0",
+                "-XX:ShenandoahGenerationalMinTenuringAge=2",
+                "-XX:ShenandoahGenerationalMaxTenuringAge=2",
                 "-XX:+UseCompactObjectHeaders"
         );
     }

From 05be7e5439ceee17419ede343799dd4367b34fc5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Xiaolong Peng <xpeng@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 10 Jul 2026 02:40:40 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 195/707] 8387806: Shenandoah: Reduce allocation-path
 contention from ShenandoahAllocRate byte accounting

Reviewed-by: shade, wkemper, kdnilsen
---
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.hpp     |  51 +++++--
 .../shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.inline.hpp |  57 +++++---
 .../shenandoah/shenandoahStripedCounter.cpp   |  38 ++++++
 .../shenandoah/shenandoahStripedCounter.hpp   |  79 +++++++++++
 .../shenandoahStripedCounter.inline.hpp       |  74 ++++++++++
 .../test_shenandoahAllocationRate.cpp         | 128 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../test_shenandoahStripedCounter.cpp         | 118 ++++++++++++++++
 7 files changed, 512 insertions(+), 33 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStripedCounter.cpp
 create mode 100644 src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStripedCounter.hpp
 create mode 100644 src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStripedCounter.inline.hpp
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/gtest/gc/shenandoah/test_shenandoahStripedCounter.cpp

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.hpp
index 24221e504fd..ca94b91200a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.hpp
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 #ifndef SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHALLOCRATE_HPP
 #define SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHALLOCRATE_HPP
 
-#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPadding.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStripedCounter.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahWeightedSeq.hpp"
 #include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
 #include "runtime/mutex.hpp"
@@ -111,12 +111,26 @@ class ShenandoahAllocRate {
   static constexpr size_t ALLOC_SAMPLE_MAX = G;
 
   PaddedMonitor _sample_lock;
-  shenandoah_padding(0);
-  Atomic<size_t> _allocated_bytes_since_last_sample;
-  shenandoah_padding(1);
-  Atomic<size_t> _minimum_sample_size; // bytes, read by mutator, updated by gc
+  ShenandoahStripedCounter _unsampled;
+  // Packed minimum_sample_size and log_per_stripe_threshold for one alloc-path load.
+  Atomic<uint64_t> _sample_params;
   jlong _last_sample_time;
 
+  static uint64_t encode_sample_params(const uint32_t minimum_sample_size, const uint32_t log_per_stripe_threshold) {
+    return (static_cast<uint64_t>(log_per_stripe_threshold) << 32) |
+           minimum_sample_size;
+  }
+
+  static size_t decode_min_sample_size(const uint64_t params) {
+    return static_cast<uint32_t>(params);
+  }
+
+  static uint32_t decode_log_per_stripe_threshold(const uint64_t params) {
+    return static_cast<uint32_t>(params >> 32);
+  }
+
+  void maybe_take_sample(size_t minimum_sample_size, size_t striped_unsampled);
+
   ShenandoahWeightedSeq _baseline;
   ShenandoahWeightedSeq _recent;
   ShenandoahWeightedSeq _momentary;
@@ -127,22 +141,19 @@ class ShenandoahAllocRate {
                                const uint recent_window_size = ShenandoahRecentAllocRateSampleWindow,
                                const uint momentary_window_size = ShenandoahMomentaryAllocRateSampleWindow)
     : _sample_lock(Mutex::nosafepoint - 2, "ShenandoahAllocSample_lock", true)
-    , _allocated_bytes_since_last_sample(0)
-    , _minimum_sample_size(minimum_sample_size)
     , _last_sample_time(Clock::elapsed_counter())
     , _baseline(baseline_window_size)
     , _recent(recent_window_size)
     , _momentary(momentary_window_size)
   {
+    set_minimum_sample_size(minimum_sample_size);
   }
 
   // Update minimum sample size based on the given available bytes
   void update_minimum_sample_size(size_t available);
 
-  // Set minimum sample size in bytes
-  void set_minimum_sample_size(const size_t minimum_sample_size) {
-    _minimum_sample_size.store_relaxed(minimum_sample_size);
-  }
+  // Set minimum sample size and its per-stripe trigger shift.
+  void set_minimum_sample_size(size_t minimum_sample_size);
 
   // Indicate that this many bytes have been allocated (by the mutator).
   void allocated(size_t allocated_bytes);
@@ -173,6 +184,24 @@ class ShenandoahAllocRate {
   }
 
 private:
+  // Log2 of the per-stripe trigger threshold.
+  uint32_t log_per_stripe_threshold_for(size_t minimum_sample_size) const;
+
+  // Fast, lock-free: did this add carry the calling thread's stripe across a per-stripe threshold
+  // multiple? The threshold is a power of two, so a crossing is a change in the bits above it.
+  static bool striped_threshold_exceeded(size_t striped_unsampled, size_t previous_striped_unsampled, uint32_t log_per_stripe_threshold) {
+    return (striped_unsampled >> log_per_stripe_threshold) > (previous_striped_unsampled >> log_per_stripe_threshold);
+  }
+
+  // Whether the unsampled bytes are still below the sampling floor. Must be called under the sample
+  // lock: drains only happen under the lock, so reading the live stripe value and sum() here filters
+  // out false positives from a concurrent drain that already reset the counter.
+  bool unsampled_below_floor(size_t minimum_sample_size, size_t striped_unsampled) const {
+    assert(_sample_lock.owned_by_self(), "Caller must hold lock");
+    return (_unsampled.num_stripes() > 1 && _unsampled.current_stripe_value() < striped_unsampled) ||
+           _unsampled.sum() < minimum_sample_size;
+  }
+
   // Record the sample under the sample lock
   void take_sample(jlong now, jlong elapsed, size_t unsampled);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.inline.hpp
index 9ffad0d312c..e317721cd7b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.inline.hpp
@@ -27,8 +27,10 @@
 
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.hpp"
 
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStripedCounter.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.hpp"
 #include "logging/log.hpp"
+#include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
 
 
 inline size_t ShenandoahAnticipatedConsumption::baseline_consumption() const {
@@ -56,38 +58,54 @@ void ShenandoahAllocRate<Clock>::update_minimum_sample_size(const size_t availab
 }
 
 template<typename Clock>
-void ShenandoahAllocRate<Clock>::allocated(const size_t allocated_bytes) {
-  size_t unsampled = _allocated_bytes_since_last_sample.add_then_fetch(allocated_bytes, memory_order_relaxed);
-  const size_t minimum_sample_size = _minimum_sample_size.load_relaxed();
-  if (unsampled < minimum_sample_size) {
-    // Not enough to sample yet
-    return;
-  }
+uint32_t ShenandoahAllocRate<Clock>::log_per_stripe_threshold_for(const size_t minimum_sample_size) const {
+  // Floor-log2 of the per-stripe share. Clamps to 0 for a 1-byte trigger.
+  const int log_threshold = log2i(minimum_sample_size) - (int) _unsampled.log_num_stripes();
+  return log_threshold > 0 ? (uint32_t) log_threshold : 0u;
+}
+
+template<typename Clock>
+void ShenandoahAllocRate<Clock>::set_minimum_sample_size(const size_t minimum_sample_size) {
+  assert(minimum_sample_size > 0, "minimum sample size must be non-zero");
+  _sample_params.store_relaxed(encode_sample_params(checked_cast<uint32_t>(minimum_sample_size), log_per_stripe_threshold_for(minimum_sample_size)));
+}
 
+template<typename Clock>
+void ShenandoahAllocRate<Clock>::maybe_take_sample(const size_t minimum_sample_size, const size_t striped_unsampled) {
   if (!_sample_lock.try_lock()) {
-    // Another thread has the lock and will take the sample
+    // Another thread has the lock and will take the sample.
     return;
   }
 
-  unsampled = _allocated_bytes_since_last_sample.load_relaxed();
-  if (unsampled < minimum_sample_size) {
-    // Another thread has sampled and reset the allocated bytes under the lock
+  if (unsampled_below_floor(minimum_sample_size, striped_unsampled)) {
+    // Either another thread already sampled and drained, or this thread's stripe crossed its share
+    // while the aggregate is still short (skewed distribution). Wait for more.
     _sample_lock.unlock();
     return;
   }
-
   const jlong now = Clock::elapsed_counter();
   const jlong elapsed = now - _last_sample_time;
-
   if (elapsed <= 0) {
-    // Avoid sampling nonsense allocation rates
+    // Avoid sampling nonsense allocation rates.
     _sample_lock.unlock();
     return;
   }
+  take_sample(now, elapsed, _unsampled.drain());
+  _sample_lock.unlock();
+}
+
+template<typename Clock>
+void ShenandoahAllocRate<Clock>::allocated(const size_t allocated_bytes) {
+  const size_t striped_unsampled = _unsampled.add(allocated_bytes);
+  const size_t previous_striped_unsampled = striped_unsampled - allocated_bytes;
 
-  take_sample(now, elapsed, unsampled);
+  const uint64_t params = _sample_params.load_relaxed();
+  const uint32_t log_per_stripe_threshold = decode_log_per_stripe_threshold(params);
 
-  _sample_lock.unlock();
+  // Re-arm the trigger at every per-stripe threshold crossing.
+  if (striped_threshold_exceeded(striped_unsampled, previous_striped_unsampled, log_per_stripe_threshold)) {
+    maybe_take_sample(decode_min_sample_size(params), striped_unsampled);
+  }
 }
 
 template<typename Clock>
@@ -97,7 +115,6 @@ void ShenandoahAllocRate<Clock>::force_update() {
     return;
   }
 
-  const size_t unsampled = _allocated_bytes_since_last_sample.load_relaxed();
   const jlong now = Clock::elapsed_counter();
   const jlong elapsed = now - _last_sample_time;
 
@@ -107,7 +124,7 @@ void ShenandoahAllocRate<Clock>::force_update() {
     return;
   }
 
-  take_sample(now, elapsed, unsampled);
+  take_sample(now, elapsed, _unsampled.drain());
 
   _sample_lock.unlock();
 }
@@ -118,10 +135,6 @@ void ShenandoahAllocRate<Clock>::take_sample(jlong now, jlong elapsed, size_t un
 
   _last_sample_time = now;
 
-  // We are recording this sample, deduct it from the counter. It may be increased
-  // concurrently by other threads outside the lock, so we still use an atomic access.
-  _allocated_bytes_since_last_sample.sub_then_fetch(unsampled, memory_order_relaxed);
-
   const double timestamp = static_cast<double>(_last_sample_time) / Clock::elapsed_frequency();
   const double rate_seconds = static_cast<double>(unsampled) * Clock::elapsed_frequency() / elapsed;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStripedCounter.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStripedCounter.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d6e55d06248
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStripedCounter.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStripedCounter.hpp"
+#include "memory/padded.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/os.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
+#include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
+
+ShenandoahStripedCounter::ShenandoahStripedCounter()
+  : _num_stripes(round_down_power_of_2((uint32_t) MAX2(os::processor_count(), 1)))
+  , _stripe_mask(_num_stripes - 1)
+  , _log_num_stripes(log2i_exact(_num_stripes)) {
+  _stripes = PaddedArray<Atomic<size_t>, mtGC>::create_unfreeable(_num_stripes);
+}
+
+ShenandoahStripedCounter::~ShenandoahStripedCounter() { }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStripedCounter.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStripedCounter.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ad1086005a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStripedCounter.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHSTRIPEDCOUNTER_HPP
+#define SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHSTRIPEDCOUNTER_HPP
+
+#include "memory/allocation.hpp"
+#include "memory/padded.hpp"
+#include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
+
+// A contended-counter optimized for many concurrent writers and infrequent reads.
+// Each writer accumulates into a stripe chosen by its thread hash, each on its own cache line to
+// avoid false sharing. Stripes are shared when live writers outnumber stripes (num_stripes <= CPU
+// count). The value of the counter is always sum(stripes).
+//
+// Reads (sum) are approximate under concurrent writes and exact when quiescent.
+// This counter is monotonic per epoch: add() only increases it; drain() atomically reads and resets
+// to begin a new epoch (0), preserving concurrent adds that race with the drain.
+class ShenandoahStripedCounter : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
+  typedef PaddedEnd<Atomic<size_t>> PaddedCounter;
+
+  PaddedCounter* _stripes;   // _num_stripes entries
+  // Number of stripes: a power of two, rounded down from the CPU count. Keeping it a power of two
+  // lets current_stripe() map a thread hash into range with a mask (& _stripe_mask) instead of a
+  // modulo on the hot path.
+  uint32_t const _num_stripes;
+  uint32_t const _stripe_mask; // _num_stripes - 1
+  uint32_t const _log_num_stripes;
+
+  // The stripe this thread uses.
+  uint32_t current_stripe() const;
+
+public:
+  ShenandoahStripedCounter();
+  ~ShenandoahStripedCounter();
+
+  // Add `bytes` to the current stripe of the counter and return the resulting total of the current stripe.
+  size_t add(size_t bytes);
+
+  // Current total of all stripes of the counter. No reset.
+  // Approximate under concurrent writes.
+  size_t sum() const;
+
+  // Current value of the calling thread's own stripe. O(1), no reset.
+  size_t current_stripe_value() const;
+
+  // Read the total and atomically reset it to zero, returning the amount consumed.
+  // Concurrent adds racing with the drain accumulate toward the next epoch rather than being lost.
+  size_t drain();
+
+  // Number of stripes (a power of two, <= CPU count), and its base-2 log. Exposed so a caller can
+  // scale a threshold to a per-stripe share with a shift (>> log_num_stripes) instead of a divide.
+  uint32_t num_stripes() const;
+  uint32_t log_num_stripes() const;
+};
+
+#endif // SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHSTRIPEDCOUNTER_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStripedCounter.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStripedCounter.inline.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..58c40089324
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStripedCounter.inline.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHSTRIPEDCOUNTER_INLINE_HPP
+#define SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHSTRIPEDCOUNTER_INLINE_HPP
+
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStripedCounter.hpp"
+
+#include "runtime/thread.hpp"
+
+inline uint32_t ShenandoahStripedCounter::current_stripe() const {
+  if (_num_stripes == 1u) {
+    return 0u;
+  }
+  // Per-thread probe into [0, _num_stripes). Hashing the thread pointer spreads threads across
+  // stripes. This is a pure, stable function of (thread pointer,  _num_stripes)
+  const uintptr_t t = (uintptr_t) Thread::current();
+  return (uint32_t) ((t ^ (t >> 20) ^ (t >> 9)) & _stripe_mask);
+}
+
+inline uint32_t ShenandoahStripedCounter::num_stripes() const {
+  return _num_stripes;
+}
+
+inline uint32_t ShenandoahStripedCounter::log_num_stripes() const {
+  return _log_num_stripes;
+}
+
+inline size_t ShenandoahStripedCounter::add(const size_t bytes) {
+  return _stripes[current_stripe()].add_then_fetch(bytes, memory_order_relaxed);
+}
+
+inline size_t ShenandoahStripedCounter::sum() const {
+  size_t total = 0;
+  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < _num_stripes; i++) {
+    total += _stripes[i].load_relaxed();
+  }
+  return total;
+}
+
+inline size_t ShenandoahStripedCounter::current_stripe_value() const {
+  return _stripes[current_stripe()].load_relaxed();
+}
+
+inline size_t ShenandoahStripedCounter::drain() {
+  size_t total = 0;
+  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < _num_stripes; i++) {
+    total += _stripes[i].exchange(0, memory_order_relaxed);
+  }
+  return total;
+}
+
+#endif // SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHSTRIPEDCOUNTER_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/gc/shenandoah/test_shenandoahAllocationRate.cpp b/test/hotspot/gtest/gc/shenandoah/test_shenandoahAllocationRate.cpp
index af066657377..a4169ff6ba6 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/gtest/gc/shenandoah/test_shenandoahAllocationRate.cpp
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/gc/shenandoah/test_shenandoahAllocationRate.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@
 #include "gc/shared/gc_globals.hpp"
 
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.inline.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStripedCounter.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
+#include "threadHelper.inline.hpp"
 
 class ShenandoahMockClock {
 public:
@@ -120,6 +123,131 @@ TEST_VM_F(ShenandoahAllocationRateTest, accelerated_consumption_momentary_spike)
   EXPECT_EQ(consumption.accelerated_consumption(), 0UL);
 }
 
+TEST_VM_F(ShenandoahAllocationRateTest, event_driven_sampling_single_dominant_allocator) {
+  // Single mutator: one stripe allocates, other stripes stay empty.
+  ShenandoahStripedCounter stripes;
+  if (stripes.num_stripes() == 1) {
+    // Regression requires multiple stripes.
+    return;
+  }
+
+  ShenandoahAllocRate<ShenandoahMockClock> rate(MINIMUM_SAMPLE_SIZE, BASELINE_SAMPLES, RECENT_SAMPLES, MOMENTARY_SAMPLES);
+  // Multiple epochs prove the allocation-path trigger re-fires without force_update().
+  constexpr size_t alloc_size = 64;
+  constexpr size_t epochs = 4;
+  for (size_t allocated = 0; allocated < MINIMUM_SAMPLE_SIZE * epochs; allocated += alloc_size) {
+    allocate(rate, alloc_size);
+  }
+
+  // Old one-shot trigger left the average at zero until force_update().
+  EXPECT_GT(rate.weighted_average(), 0.0);
+}
+
+TEST_VM_F(ShenandoahAllocationRateTest, event_driven_sampling_rearms_when_floor_lowered) {
+  // Lowering the floor must re-arm a stripe that crossed the old share.
+  constexpr size_t high_floor = 1 * M;
+  constexpr size_t low_floor = 1024;
+  constexpr size_t alloc_size = 64;
+
+  ShenandoahAllocRate<ShenandoahMockClock> rate(high_floor, BASELINE_SAMPLES, RECENT_SAMPLES, MOMENTARY_SAMPLES);
+
+  // Accumulate below the high floor, but above the later lowered share.
+  constexpr size_t phase1_bytes = high_floor / 4;
+  for (size_t allocated = 0; allocated < phase1_bytes; allocated += alloc_size) {
+    allocate(rate, alloc_size);
+  }
+  EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(rate.weighted_average(), 0.0);  // nothing drained yet
+
+  // A GC lowers the floor.
+  rate.set_minimum_sample_size(low_floor);
+
+  // New crossings under the lowered floor must sample without force_update().
+  for (size_t allocated = 0; allocated < low_floor * 16; allocated += alloc_size) {
+    allocate(rate, alloc_size);
+  }
+
+  EXPECT_GT(rate.weighted_average(), 0.0);
+}
+
+// Concurrent multi-threaded sampling. Many threads drive allocated() past the aggregate floor at
+// the same time, so distinct JavaThreads spread across stripes and stay hot simultaneously. This is
+// the regime the sampling guard is written for: contended try_lock (multiple threads cross their
+// per-stripe share at once, only one wins the lock), multi-stripe sum() aggregation (the floor is
+// reached by several occupied stripes, not one), and the drain-race clause (one thread's add()
+// captures a stripe value that another thread drains before the first takes the lock).
+class ConcurrentAllocators {
+public:
+  static constexpr int kThreads = 8;
+  static constexpr size_t kPerThreadEpochs = 500;
+  static constexpr size_t kAllocSize = 64;
+  // Every thread allocates this many bytes; the grand total spans many minimum-sample-size epochs.
+  static constexpr size_t kPerThreadBytes = MINIMUM_SAMPLE_SIZE * kPerThreadEpochs;
+};
+
+TEST_VM_F(ShenandoahAllocationRateTest, event_driven_sampling_concurrent_allocators) {
+  ShenandoahAllocRate<ShenandoahMockClock> rate(MINIMUM_SAMPLE_SIZE, BASELINE_SAMPLES, RECENT_SAMPLES, MOMENTARY_SAMPLES);
+
+  auto worker = [&](Thread*, int) {
+    for (size_t allocated = 0; allocated < ConcurrentAllocators::kPerThreadBytes;
+         allocated += ConcurrentAllocators::kAllocSize) {
+      rate.allocated(ConcurrentAllocators::kAllocSize);
+    }
+  };
+  TestThreadGroup<decltype(worker)> ttg(worker, ConcurrentAllocators::kThreads);
+  ttg.doit();
+  ttg.join();
+
+  // No force_update() was called: every sample came from the contended allocation path. Across
+  // thousands of epochs driven by all threads, sampling must have fired and drained repeatedly.
+  EXPECT_GT(rate.weighted_average(), 0.0);
+}
+
+// Concurrent skew: a few threads hold their stripes just below the per-stripe share and keep them
+// hot (spinning at the barrier), while a heavy thread pushes the aggregate over the floor. The
+// sample can then only be taken because sum() aggregates the heavy stripe with the held stripes --
+// exercising the multi-stripe floor crossing, not a single dominant stripe.
+class ConcurrentSkew {
+public:
+  static constexpr int kHolderThreads = 6;
+  static constexpr size_t kHeavyEpochs = 300;
+  static constexpr size_t kAllocSize = 64;
+};
+
+TEST_VM_F(ShenandoahAllocationRateTest, event_driven_sampling_concurrent_skew) {
+  ShenandoahStripedCounter stripes;
+  if (stripes.num_stripes() == 1) {
+    // A multi-stripe aggregate crossing is only meaningful with more than one stripe.
+    return;
+  }
+
+  ShenandoahAllocRate<ShenandoahMockClock> rate(MINIMUM_SAMPLE_SIZE, BASELINE_SAMPLES, RECENT_SAMPLES, MOMENTARY_SAMPLES);
+
+  // Each holder adds just under the per-stripe share once, then stays live for the whole run, so
+  // several stripes remain simultaneously occupied below their individual share. Their adds never
+  // cross a share alone, but they contend on the counter and feed sum().
+  Atomic<bool> stop(false);
+  const size_t per_stripe_share = MINIMUM_SAMPLE_SIZE / stripes.num_stripes();
+  const size_t holder_target = per_stripe_share > 2 ? per_stripe_share - 1 : 1;
+  auto holder = [&](Thread*, int) {
+    rate.allocated(holder_target);
+    while (!stop.load_relaxed()) { /* keep the thread (and its stripe) live */ }
+  };
+  TestThreadGroup<decltype(holder)> holders(holder, ConcurrentSkew::kHolderThreads);
+  holders.doit();
+
+  // Heavy stream on the main thread's own stripe. Its crossings, added to the held stripes, take
+  // sum() over the floor; the re-armed trigger must sample every epoch off the allocation path.
+  const size_t heavy_bytes = MINIMUM_SAMPLE_SIZE * ConcurrentSkew::kHeavyEpochs;
+  for (size_t allocated = 0; allocated < heavy_bytes; allocated += ConcurrentSkew::kAllocSize) {
+    allocate(rate, ConcurrentSkew::kAllocSize);
+  }
+
+  stop.store_relaxed(true);
+  holders.join();
+
+  EXPECT_GT(rate.weighted_average(), 0.0);
+}
+
 TEST_VM_F(ShenandoahAllocationRateTest, accelerated_consumption_accelerating) {
   ShenandoahAllocRate<ShenandoahMockClock> rate(256, BASELINE_SAMPLES, RECENT_SAMPLES, MOMENTARY_SAMPLES);
   for (uint i = 0; i < BASELINE_SAMPLES; ++i) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/gc/shenandoah/test_shenandoahStripedCounter.cpp b/test/hotspot/gtest/gc/shenandoah/test_shenandoahStripedCounter.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..db4933a9264
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/gc/shenandoah/test_shenandoahStripedCounter.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStripedCounter.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
+#include "threadHelper.inline.hpp"
+#include "unittest.hpp"
+
+// Single thread: every add() maps to the same stripe, so add() returns the running total and
+// sum()/drain() are exact.
+TEST_VM(ShenandoahStripedCounter, single_thread_exact) {
+  ShenandoahStripedCounter c;
+  size_t expected = 0;
+  for (size_t i = 1; i <= 1000; i++) {
+    const size_t got = c.add(i);
+    expected += i;
+    // A lone writer owns one stripe, so its stripe total is the whole total.
+    EXPECT_EQ(got, expected);
+    EXPECT_EQ(c.sum(), expected);
+  }
+  // drain() returns everything and resets to zero; a second drain sees nothing.
+  EXPECT_EQ(c.drain(), expected);
+  EXPECT_EQ(c.sum(), (size_t) 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(c.drain(), (size_t) 0);
+}
+
+// Draining mid-stream starts a fresh epoch, and sum()/drain() stay exact across the boundary.
+TEST_VM(ShenandoahStripedCounter, drain_epochs) {
+  ShenandoahStripedCounter c;
+  size_t expected = 0;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < 500; i++) {
+    c.add(7);
+    expected += 7;
+  }
+  EXPECT_EQ(c.sum(), expected);
+  // Drain (starts a new epoch), then keep adding.
+  EXPECT_EQ(c.drain(), expected);
+  expected = 0;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < 500; i++) {
+    c.add(13);
+    expected += 13;
+  }
+  EXPECT_EQ(c.sum(), expected);
+  EXPECT_EQ(c.drain(), expected);
+}
+
+// Multi-threaded stress. N threads each add a fixed number of bytes; when quiescent, sum() must
+// equal the grand total, and the periodic-drain variant must lose nothing (every byte lands in
+// exactly one drain or the final sum). Distinct JavaThreads make current_stripe() actually spread
+// writers across stripes.
+class StripedCounterStress {
+public:
+  static constexpr int kThreads = 8;
+  static constexpr size_t kPerThreadAdds = 20000;
+  static constexpr size_t kBytesPerAdd = 8;
+  static constexpr size_t kGrandTotal = (size_t) kThreads * kPerThreadAdds * kBytesPerAdd;
+};
+
+TEST_VM(ShenandoahStripedCounter, mt_quiescent_sum_exact) {
+  ShenandoahStripedCounter c;
+  auto worker = [&](Thread*, int) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < StripedCounterStress::kPerThreadAdds; i++) {
+      c.add(StripedCounterStress::kBytesPerAdd);
+    }
+  };
+  TestThreadGroup<decltype(worker)> ttg(worker, StripedCounterStress::kThreads);
+  ttg.doit();
+  ttg.join();
+  // All writers quiesced: sum() is now exact and must account for every byte.
+  EXPECT_EQ(c.sum(), StripedCounterStress::kGrandTotal);
+  EXPECT_EQ(c.drain(), StripedCounterStress::kGrandTotal);
+  EXPECT_EQ(c.sum(), (size_t) 0);
+}
+
+TEST_VM(ShenandoahStripedCounter, mt_concurrent_drain_loses_nothing) {
+  ShenandoahStripedCounter c;
+  Atomic<size_t> drained(0);
+  Atomic<int> done(0);
+  auto worker = [&](Thread*, int) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < StripedCounterStress::kPerThreadAdds; i++) {
+      c.add(StripedCounterStress::kBytesPerAdd);
+    }
+    done.add_then_fetch(1);
+  };
+  TestThreadGroup<decltype(worker)> ttg(worker, StripedCounterStress::kThreads);
+  ttg.doit();
+  // Drain concurrently with the adds; each drain moves bytes to a new epoch without losing them.
+  while (done.load_relaxed() < StripedCounterStress::kThreads) {
+    drained.add_then_fetch(c.drain());
+  }
+  ttg.join();
+  // Final drain sweeps up whatever raced the last concurrent drain.
+  drained.add_then_fetch(c.drain());
+  // Every byte added landed in exactly one drain.
+  EXPECT_EQ(drained.load_relaxed(), StripedCounterStress::kGrandTotal);
+  EXPECT_EQ(c.sum(), (size_t) 0);
+}

From 3354ad3b6f599c603d55447d4f747e98020e773a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Amit Kumar <amitkumar@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 10 Jul 2026 06:05:42 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 196/707] 8386586: [s390x] TestSyncOnValueBasedClassEvent.java
 fails due to incorrect branch

Reviewed-by: aph, hdhiman
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp
index 5d5c7570e27..6eb14452401 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp
@@ -6178,7 +6178,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register basic_lock, Register obj, Register temp1
   if (DiagnoseSyncOnValueBasedClasses != 0) {
     load_klass(temp1, obj);
     z_tm(Address(temp1, Klass::misc_flags_offset()), KlassFlags::_misc_is_value_based_class);
-    z_brne(slow);
+    z_brnaz(slow);
   }
 
   // First we need to check if the lock-stack has room for pushing the object reference.

From 3e2366e7f5d29be03c8d5ddb4f62e5e1f7185550 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Albert Mingkun Yang <ayang@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 10 Jul 2026 06:36:00 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 197/707] 8387742: Reclaim CodeCache nmethods more promptly

Reviewed-by: tschatzl, shade
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp   |   7 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp   |   1 -
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp  |   5 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullCollector.cpp   |   3 +
 .../share/gc/parallel/psParallelCompact.cpp   |   2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/serial/serialFullGC.cpp  |   1 +
 src/hotspot/share/gc/serial/serialHeap.cpp    |   1 -
 .../hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestCodeCacheUnload.java | 177 ++++++++++++++++++
 ...stCodeCacheUnloadDuringConcurrentMark.java | 115 ++++++++++++
 9 files changed, 302 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestCodeCacheUnload.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestCodeCacheUnloadDuringConcurrentMark.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
index 3c41133e572..f60ce9b15b4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
@@ -868,7 +868,7 @@ void G1CollectedHeap::prepare_for_mutator_after_full_collection(size_t allocatio
 
   // Rebuild the code root lists for each region
   rebuild_code_roots();
-  finish_codecache_marking_cycle();
+  CodeCache::arm_all_nmethods();
 
   start_new_collection_set();
   _allocator->init_mutator_alloc_regions();
@@ -3342,8 +3342,3 @@ void G1CollectedHeap::start_codecache_marking_cycle_if_inactive(bool concurrent_
     CodeCache::arm_all_nmethods();
   }
 }
-
-void G1CollectedHeap::finish_codecache_marking_cycle() {
-  CodeCache::on_gc_marking_cycle_finish();
-  CodeCache::arm_all_nmethods();
-}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
index cb466a5e120..672dea9b7b0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
@@ -953,7 +953,6 @@ class G1CollectedHeap : public CollectedHeap {
   void fill_with_dummy_object(HeapWord* start, HeapWord* end, bool zap) override;
 
   static void start_codecache_marking_cycle_if_inactive(bool concurrent_mark_start);
-  static void finish_codecache_marking_cycle();
 
   // The shared block offset table array.
   G1BlockOffsetTable* bot() const { return _bot; }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp
index 233901c30f8..73a697f8c51 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 
 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.hpp"
+#include "code/codeCache.hpp"
 #include "cppstdlib/new.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1BarrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1BatchedTask.hpp"
@@ -1378,6 +1379,8 @@ void G1ConcurrentMark::remark() {
   if (mark_finished) {
     weak_refs_work();
 
+    CodeCache::on_gc_marking_cycle_finish();
+
     // Unload Klasses, String, Code Cache, etc.
     if (ClassUnloadingWithConcurrentMark) {
       G1CMIsAliveClosure is_alive(this);
@@ -1446,7 +1449,7 @@ void G1ConcurrentMark::remark() {
     // Completely reset the marking state (except bitmaps) since marking completed.
     reset_at_marking_complete();
 
-    G1CollectedHeap::finish_codecache_marking_cycle();
+    CodeCache::arm_all_nmethods();
 
     {
       GCTraceTime(Debug, gc, phases) debug("Report Object Count", _gc_timer_cm);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullCollector.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullCollector.cpp
index c5af4a8220b..1e838b344b7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullCollector.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullCollector.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.hpp"
+#include "code/codeCache.hpp"
 #include "cppstdlib/new.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1FullCollector.inline.hpp"
@@ -330,6 +331,8 @@ void G1FullCollector::phase1_mark_live_objects() {
     assert(marker(0)->task_queue()->is_empty(), "Should be no oops on the stack");
   }
 
+  CodeCache::on_gc_marking_cycle_finish();
+
   {
     GCTraceTime(Debug, gc, phases) debug("Phase 1: Flush Mark Stats Cache", scope()->timer());
     for (uint i = 0; i < workers(); i++) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psParallelCompact.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psParallelCompact.cpp
index ff757f205a2..777b734c59e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psParallelCompact.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psParallelCompact.cpp
@@ -644,7 +644,6 @@ void PSParallelCompact::post_compact()
   GCTraceTime(Info, gc, phases) tm("Post Compact", &_gc_timer);
   ParCompactionManager::remove_all_shadow_regions();
 
-  CodeCache::on_gc_marking_cycle_finish();
   CodeCache::arm_all_nmethods();
 
   // Need to clear claim bits for the next full-gc (marking and adjust-pointers).
@@ -1216,6 +1215,7 @@ void PSParallelCompact::marking_phase(ParallelOldTracer *gc_tracer) {
 
   // This is the point where the entire marking should have completed.
   ParCompactionManager::verify_all_marking_stack_empty();
+  CodeCache::on_gc_marking_cycle_finish();
 
   {
     GCTraceTime(Debug, gc, phases) tm("Weak Processing", &_gc_timer);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/serial/serialFullGC.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/serial/serialFullGC.cpp
index 13532dea07d..a88a0878305 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/serial/serialFullGC.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/serial/serialFullGC.cpp
@@ -512,6 +512,7 @@ void SerialFullGC::phase1_mark(bool clear_all_softrefs) {
 
   // This is the point where the entire marking should have completed.
   assert(_marking_stack.is_empty(), "Marking should have completed");
+  CodeCache::on_gc_marking_cycle_finish();
 
   {
     GCTraceTime(Debug, gc, phases) tm_m("Weak Processing", gc_timer());
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/serial/serialHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/serial/serialHeap.cpp
index 3de562e886d..eb2bed109b5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/serial/serialHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/serial/serialHeap.cpp
@@ -589,7 +589,6 @@ void SerialHeap::do_full_collection(bool clear_all_soft_refs) {
   gc_timer->register_gc_end();
 
   gc_tracer->report_gc_end(gc_timer->gc_end(), gc_timer->time_partitions());
-  CodeCache::on_gc_marking_cycle_finish();
   CodeCache::arm_all_nmethods();
   COMPILER2_PRESENT(DerivedPointerTable::update_pointers());
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestCodeCacheUnload.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestCodeCacheUnload.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..03c857dba1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestCodeCacheUnload.java
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package gc;
+
+/*
+ * @test id=serial
+ * @summary Tests that one full GC unloads a freshly not-entrant nmethod.
+ * @requires vm.gc.Serial
+ * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled
+ * @requires vm.opt.ClassUnloading != false
+ * @requires vm.opt.MethodFlushing != false
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.management
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbatch -XX:-BackgroundCompilation
+ *                   -XX:+UseSerialGC gc.TestCodeCacheUnload
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=parallel
+ * @summary Tests that one full GC unloads a freshly not-entrant nmethod.
+ * @requires vm.gc.Parallel
+ * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled
+ * @requires vm.opt.ClassUnloading != false
+ * @requires vm.opt.MethodFlushing != false
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.management
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbatch -XX:-BackgroundCompilation
+ *                   -XX:+UseParallelGC gc.TestCodeCacheUnload
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=g1
+ * @summary Tests that one full GC unloads a freshly not-entrant nmethod.
+ * @requires vm.gc.G1
+ * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled
+ * @requires vm.opt.ClassUnloading != false
+ * @requires vm.opt.MethodFlushing != false
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.management
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbatch -XX:-BackgroundCompilation
+ *                   -XX:+UseG1GC gc.TestCodeCacheUnload
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=shenandoah
+ * @summary Tests that one full GC unloads a freshly not-entrant nmethod.
+ * @requires vm.gc.Shenandoah
+ * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled
+ * @requires vm.opt.ClassUnloading != false
+ * @requires vm.opt.MethodFlushing != false
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.management
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbatch -XX:-BackgroundCompilation
+ *                   -XX:+UseShenandoahGC gc.TestCodeCacheUnload
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=z
+ * @summary Tests that one full GC unloads a freshly not-entrant nmethod.
+ * @requires vm.gc.Z
+ * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled
+ * @requires vm.opt.ClassUnloading != false
+ * @requires vm.opt.MethodFlushing != false
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.management
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbatch -XX:-BackgroundCompilation
+ *                   -XX:+UseZGC gc.TestCodeCacheUnload
+ */
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.dcmd.JMXExecutor;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+public class TestCodeCacheUnload {
+    private static final WhiteBox WB = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+
+    public static class Target {
+        public static int test(int value) {
+            return value + 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void compileAndMakeNotEntrant() throws Exception {
+        Method method = Target.class.getDeclaredMethod("test", int.class);
+
+        method.invoke(null, 1);
+        if (!WB.enqueueMethodForCompilation(method, 1 /* compLevel */)) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Failed to enqueue target for compilation");
+        }
+        while (WB.isMethodQueuedForCompilation(method)) {
+            Thread.sleep(50);
+        }
+        if (!WB.isMethodCompiled(method)) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Target is not compiled");
+        }
+
+        int deoptimized = WB.deoptimizeMethod(method);
+        if (deoptimized == 0) {
+            throw new AssertionError("No target nmethod was made not-entrant");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static int countNotEntrantEntries() {
+        OutputAnalyzer output = new JMXExecutor().execute("Compiler.codelist");
+        String target = "gc.TestCodeCacheUnload$Target.test";
+        int result = 0;
+
+        for (String line : output.asLines()) {
+            if (!line.contains(target)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            System.out.println("Found codelist entry: " + line);
+            String[] parts = line.trim().split("\\s+");
+            int codeState = Integer.parseInt(parts[2]);
+            if (codeState == 1 /* not_entrant */) {
+                result++;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        compileAndMakeNotEntrant();
+        WB.fullGC();
+
+        int notEntrantEntries = countNotEntrantEntries();
+        System.out.println("Target not-entrant entries after 1 full GC: " + notEntrantEntries);
+        if (notEntrantEntries != 0) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Expected one full GC to unload the not-entrant nmethod");
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestCodeCacheUnloadDuringConcurrentMark.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestCodeCacheUnloadDuringConcurrentMark.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0c2d473b021
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestCodeCacheUnloadDuringConcurrentMark.java
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package gc.g1;
+
+/*
+ * @test TestCodeCacheUnloadDuringConcurrentMark
+ * @summary Tests that G1 concurrent marking unloads a freshly not-entrant nmethod.
+ * @requires vm.gc.G1
+ * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled
+ * @requires vm.opt.ClassUnloading != false
+ * @requires vm.opt.ClassUnloadingWithConcurrentMark != false
+ * @requires vm.opt.MethodFlushing != false
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.management
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbatch -XX:-BackgroundCompilation
+ *                   -XX:+UseG1GC
+ *                   -XX:+ClassUnloadingWithConcurrentMark
+ *                   gc.g1.TestCodeCacheUnloadDuringConcurrentMark
+ */
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.dcmd.JMXExecutor;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+public class TestCodeCacheUnloadDuringConcurrentMark {
+    private static final WhiteBox WB = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+
+    static class Target {
+        public static int test(int value) {
+            return value + 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void compileAndMakeNotEntrant(Method method) throws Exception {
+        Target.test(1);
+        if (!WB.enqueueMethodForCompilation(method, 1 /* compLevel */)) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Failed to enqueue target for compilation");
+        }
+        while (WB.isMethodQueuedForCompilation(method)) {
+            Thread.sleep(50);
+        }
+        if (!WB.isMethodCompiled(method)) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Target is not compiled");
+        }
+
+        int deoptimized = WB.deoptimizeMethod(method);
+        if (deoptimized == 0) {
+            throw new AssertionError("No target nmethod was made not-entrant");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static int countNotEntrantEntries() {
+        String target = TestCodeCacheUnloadDuringConcurrentMark.class.getName() + "$Target.test";
+        int result = 0;
+
+        for (String line : new JMXExecutor().execute("Compiler.codelist", true).asLines()) {
+            if (!line.contains(target)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            System.out.println("Found codelist entry: " + line);
+            String[] parts = line.trim().split("\\s+");
+            int codeState = Integer.parseInt(parts[2]);
+            if (codeState == 1 /* not_entrant */) {
+                result++;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        compileAndMakeNotEntrant(Target.class.getDeclaredMethod("test", int.class));
+
+        int notEntrantEntries = countNotEntrantEntries();
+        System.out.println("Target not-entrant entries before concurrent mark: " + notEntrantEntries);
+        if (notEntrantEntries == 0) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Expected a not-entrant target nmethod before concurrent mark");
+        }
+
+        WB.g1RunConcurrentGC();
+
+        notEntrantEntries = countNotEntrantEntries();
+        System.out.println("Target not-entrant entries after concurrent mark: " + notEntrantEntries);
+        if (notEntrantEntries != 0) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Expected concurrent mark to unload the not-entrant target nmethod");
+        }
+    }
+}

From 978dfecb6545166aee93a8e68c9c82535b0cb3e2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vladimir Petko <vpetko@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 10 Jul 2026 07:07:20 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 198/707] 8387580: [S390x] OpenJDK build crashes with SIGSEGV
 in HashMap::resize()

Reviewed-by: amitkumar, hdhiman
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateTable_s390.cpp | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateTable_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateTable_s390.cpp
index 1da24c0378c..1db9c54aef5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateTable_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateTable_s390.cpp
@@ -1055,7 +1055,7 @@ void TemplateTable::lstore() {
 void TemplateTable::fstore() {
   transition(ftos, vtos);
   locals_index(Z_R1_scratch);
-  __ freg2mem_opt(Z_ftos, faddress(_masm, Z_R1_scratch));
+  __ freg2mem_opt(Z_ftos, faddress(_masm, Z_R1_scratch), false);
 }
 
 void TemplateTable::dstore() {
@@ -3506,7 +3506,7 @@ void TemplateTable::fast_xaccess(TosState state) {
       __ verify_oop(Z_tos);
       break;
     case ftos:
-      __ mem2freg_opt(Z_ftos, field);
+      __ mem2freg_opt(Z_ftos, field, false);
       break;
     default:
       ShouldNotReachHere();

From 7295b8aa2cdb3b47126986239a24488520816d20 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Artur Barashev <abarashev@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 10 Jul 2026 14:27:29 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 199/707] 8386953:
 sun/security/ssl/CertificateCompression/CompressedCertMsgCache.java failing

Reviewed-by: mullan
---
 .../ssl/CertificateCompression/CompressedCertMsgCache.java      | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/security/ssl/CertificateCompression/CompressedCertMsgCache.java b/test/jdk/sun/security/ssl/CertificateCompression/CompressedCertMsgCache.java
index 42e9701c6d0..be0f0154e32 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/security/ssl/CertificateCompression/CompressedCertMsgCache.java
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/security/ssl/CertificateCompression/CompressedCertMsgCache.java
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
  *          java.base/sun.security.util
  * @library /javax/net/ssl/templates
  *          /test/lib
- * @run main/othervm CompressedCertMsgCache
+ * @run main/othervm -Djdk.tls.server.newSessionTicketCount=0 CompressedCertMsgCache
  */
 
 public class CompressedCertMsgCache extends SSLSocketTemplate {

From 6eccdd862aa27c64a5c2c41b220edcfca390fd10 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Artur Barashev <abarashev@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 10 Jul 2026 14:33:11 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 200/707] 8387578: Test
 sun/security/ssl/SSLSessionImpl/ResumeChecksServer.java failed: Existing
 session was used: FAIL

Reviewed-by: mullan
---
 .../security/ssl/SSLSessionImpl/ResumeChecksServer.java   | 8 ++++++--
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/security/ssl/SSLSessionImpl/ResumeChecksServer.java b/test/jdk/sun/security/ssl/SSLSessionImpl/ResumeChecksServer.java
index d1918aab7f1..87c032728dc 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/security/ssl/SSLSessionImpl/ResumeChecksServer.java
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/security/ssl/SSLSessionImpl/ResumeChecksServer.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -93,6 +93,9 @@ private void test() throws Exception {
         System.err.println("firstSession.getCreationTime() = " +
             firstSession.getCreationTime());
 
+        // Sleep 100ms between 2 connections to avoid test flakiness.
+        Thread.sleep(100);
+
         long secondStartTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
         secondSession = c.test();
 
@@ -128,7 +131,8 @@ private void test() throws Exception {
         case SIGNATURE_SCHEME:
         case LOCAL_CERTS:
             // fail if a new session is not created
-            if (secondSession.getCreationTime() < secondStartTime) {
+            if (secondSession.getCreationTime() ==
+                    firstSession.getCreationTime()) {
                 throw new AssertionError("Existing session was used: FAIL");
             }
             System.out.println("secondSession not resumed: PASS");

From 119fe211c8fb04afc5459cca7508b3066dfb1f08 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Lawrence Andrews <landrews@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 10 Jul 2026 16:43:32 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 201/707] 8388001: Test java/awt/Frame/PackTwiceTest.java fails
 because the frame title is displayed as 'PackTwiceTest TestFrame' instead of
 'TestFrame'

Reviewed-by: azvegint, prr
---
 test/jdk/java/awt/Frame/PackTwiceTest.java | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/java/awt/Frame/PackTwiceTest.java b/test/jdk/java/awt/Frame/PackTwiceTest.java
index 63cd20612f0..ee948665d15 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/awt/Frame/PackTwiceTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/awt/Frame/PackTwiceTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 public class PackTwiceTest {
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         String INSTRUCTIONS = """
-                1. You would see a Frame titled 'TestFrame'
+                1. You would see a Frame titled 'PackTwiceTest TestFrame'
                 2. The Frame displays a text as below:
                     'I am a lengthy sentence...can you see me?'
                 3. If you can see the full text without resizing the frame

From c0a3082cf1a84962eba3c3b1b48f98e1f9b3fc64 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Evgeny Astigeevich <eastigeevich@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 10 Jul 2026 17:29:07 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 202/707] 8388008: AArch64: data race accessing CodeHeap::high
 in CodeCache::max_distance_to_non_nmethod

Reviewed-by: aph, shade, mhaessig, bulasevich
---
 src/hotspot/share/code/codeCache.cpp | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/codeCache.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/codeCache.cpp
index 94cf8ebdec1..efe5d6549eb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/codeCache.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/codeCache.cpp
@@ -1182,8 +1182,8 @@ size_t CodeCache::max_distance_to_non_nmethod() {
     CodeHeap* blob = get_code_heap(CodeBlobType::NonNMethod);
     // the max distance is minimized by placing the NonNMethod segment
     // in between MethodProfiled and MethodNonProfiled segments
-    size_t dist1 = (size_t)blob->high() - (size_t)_low_bound;
-    size_t dist2 = (size_t)_high_bound - (size_t)blob->low();
+    size_t dist1 = (size_t)blob->high_boundary() - (size_t)_low_bound;
+    size_t dist2 = (size_t)_high_bound - (size_t)blob->low_boundary();
     return dist1 > dist2 ? dist1 : dist2;
   }
 }

From d3e5304c0f70aa03a52f5449cb38645a184b23dc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: April Ivy <ivyapril2005@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 10 Jul 2026 21:48:11 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 203/707] 8382841: Revert annotation parsing changes from
 libgraal

Reviewed-by: liach, darcy
---
 .../classes/sun/reflect/annotation/AnnotationParser.java      | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/reflect/annotation/AnnotationParser.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/reflect/annotation/AnnotationParser.java
index b40ed946648..ba804757e45 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/reflect/annotation/AnnotationParser.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/reflect/annotation/AnnotationParser.java
@@ -77,14 +77,14 @@ public static Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> parseAnnotations(
      * Like {@link #parseAnnotations(byte[], sun.reflect.ConstantPool, Class)}
      * with an additional parameter {@code selectAnnotationClasses} which selects the
      * annotation types to parse (other than selected are quickly skipped).<p>
-     * This method is used to parse select meta annotations in the construction
+     * This method is only used to parse select meta annotations in the construction
      * phase of {@link AnnotationType} instances to prevent infinite recursion.
      *
      * @param selectAnnotationClasses an array of annotation types to select when parsing
      */
     @SafeVarargs
     @SuppressWarnings("varargs") // selectAnnotationClasses is used safely
-    public static Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> parseSelectAnnotations(
+    static Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> parseSelectAnnotations(
                 byte[] rawAnnotations,
                 ConstantPool constPool,
                 Class<?> container,

From 7a5e6ef6aaaac5681df007a75b823af44a0b745e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: zifeihan <zifeihan@zthread.com>
Date: Mon, 13 Jul 2026 01:50:44 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 204/707] 8388035: RISC-V: Auto-enable Zfa extension features

Reviewed-by: fyang, dzhang
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp          | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp | 2 --
 2 files changed, 1 insertion(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp
index dc3915aa398..d399bc13082 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ define_pd_global(intx, InlineSmallCode,          1000);
   product(bool, UseZbb, false, DIAGNOSTIC, "Use Zbb instructions")               \
   product(bool, UseZbkb, false, EXPERIMENTAL, "Use Zbkb instructions")           \
   product(bool, UseZbs, false, DIAGNOSTIC, "Use Zbs instructions")               \
-  product(bool, UseZfa, false, EXPERIMENTAL, "Use Zfa instructions")             \
+  product(bool, UseZfa, false, DIAGNOSTIC, "Use Zfa instructions")               \
   product(bool, UseZfh, false, DIAGNOSTIC, "Use Zfh instructions")               \
   product(bool, UseZfhmin, false, DIAGNOSTIC, "Use Zfhmin instructions")         \
   product(bool, UseZacas, false, EXPERIMENTAL, "Use Zacas instructions")         \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp
index 3ede62e14cd..fe555ec5ffb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp
@@ -215,11 +215,9 @@ void RiscvHwprobe::add_features_from_query_result() {
   if (is_set(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_0, RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZBS)) {
     VM_Version::ext_Zbs.enable_feature();
   }
-#ifndef PRODUCT
   if (is_set(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_0, RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZFA)) {
     VM_Version::ext_Zfa.enable_feature();
   }
-#endif
   if (is_set(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_0, RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZFH)) {
     VM_Version::ext_Zfh.enable_feature();
   }

From b3d98954d1f18bd7cd0804deea0c34f1d3dbc9be Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: April Ivy <ivyapril2005@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 13 Jul 2026 04:31:35 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 205/707] 8387996: Remove reference to -d64 from serviceability
 tool manpages

Reviewed-by: dholmes
---
 src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jinfo.md  | 7 ++-----
 src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jstack.md | 5 ++---
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jinfo.md b/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jinfo.md
index b70bc4c45ee..8365c5af8a5 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jinfo.md
+++ b/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jinfo.md
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-# Copyright (c) 2004, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -50,10 +50,7 @@ jinfo - generate Java configuration information for a specified Java process
 
 The `jinfo` command prints Java configuration information for a specified Java
 process. The configuration information includes Java system properties and JVM
-command-line flags. If the specified process is running on a 64-bit JVM, then
-you might need to specify the `-J-d64` option, for example:
-
->   `jinfo -J-d64 -sysprops` *pid*
+command-line flags.
 
 This command is unsupported and might not be available in future releases of
 the JDK. In Windows Systems where `dbgeng.dll` is not present, the Debugging
diff --git a/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jstack.md b/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jstack.md
index 15849502d8c..2e95abf36c4 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jstack.md
+++ b/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jstack.md
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-# Copyright (c) 2004, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -52,8 +52,7 @@ The `jstack` command prints Java stack traces of Java threads for a specified
 Java process. For each Java frame, the full class name, method name, byte code
 index (BCI), and line number, when available, are printed. C++ mangled names
 aren't demangled. To demangle C++ names, the output of this command can be
-piped to `c++filt`. When the specified process is running on a 64-bit JVM, you
-might need to specify the `-J-d64` option, for example: `jstack -J-d64` *pid*.
+piped to `c++filt`.
 
 **Note:**
 

From f6d897614d9dbe07448fbeb04d168814de588eba Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 13 Jul 2026 07:08:31 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 206/707] 8387702: Linux/clang: enable linktime-gc on libjvm.so
 too, when it is configured

Reviewed-by: mdoerr, lucy, clanger
---
 make/autoconf/flags-ldflags.m4 | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/make/autoconf/flags-ldflags.m4 b/make/autoconf/flags-ldflags.m4
index 7876511328b..1da98f5cdeb 100644
--- a/make/autoconf/flags-ldflags.m4
+++ b/make/autoconf/flags-ldflags.m4
@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ AC_DEFUN([FLAGS_SETUP_LDFLAGS_HELPER],
       fi
 
       if test "x$ENABLE_LINKTIME_GC" = xtrue; then
+        BASIC_LDFLAGS_JVM_ONLY="$BASIC_LDFLAGS_JVM_ONLY -Wl,--gc-sections -Wl,--undefined=_ZTV8Metadata"
         BASIC_LDFLAGS_JDK_ONLY="$BASIC_LDFLAGS_JDK_ONLY -Wl,--gc-sections"
       fi
     fi

From 6247550cec70f76420ccf7e3a8aaa57e93315439 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Amit Kumar <amitkumar@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 13 Jul 2026 08:09:54 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 207/707] 8388117: [s390x] is_z_illtrap should recognise all
 forms

Reviewed-by: lucy, hdhiman
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/assembler_s390.hpp       |  2 +-
 .../gtest/s390/test_assembler_s390.cpp        | 69 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 70 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/gtest/s390/test_assembler_s390.cpp

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/assembler_s390.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/assembler_s390.hpp
index 95ae442bb49..c834a71ec0c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/assembler_s390.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/assembler_s390.hpp
@@ -3280,7 +3280,7 @@ class Assembler : public AbstractAssembler {
     return is_z_nop(* (short *) x);
   }
   static bool is_z_illtrap(address x) {
-    return *(uint16_t*)x == 0u;
+    return *(uint8_t*)x == 0u;
   }
   static bool is_z_br(long x) {
     return is_z_bcr(x) && ((x & 0x00f0) == 0x00f0);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/s390/test_assembler_s390.cpp b/test/hotspot/gtest/s390/test_assembler_s390.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2e677508a8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/s390/test_assembler_s390.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, IBM Corporation. and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#if defined(S390) && !defined(ZERO)
+
+#include "asm/assembler.hpp"
+#include "asm/assembler.inline.hpp"
+#include "unittest.hpp"
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Tests for Assembler::is_z_illtrap
+//
+// The three emitter forms and what they write into memory (big-endian):
+//
+//   z_illtrap()                -> 0x00 0x00   (id == 0)
+//   z_illtrap(int id)          -> 0x00 <id>   (e.g. 0x00 0xba)
+//   z_illtrap_eyecatcher(...)  -> ends with z_illtrap(xpattern) -> 0x00 <xp>
+//
+// All forms share: high byte (first byte in memory) == 0x00.
+// is_z_illtrap must recognise all of them, not just 0x0000.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+TEST(AssemblerS390, is_z_illtrap_no_id) {
+  // z_illtrap() emits 0x0000 — must be detected.
+  uint8_t buf[] = { 0x00, 0x00 };
+  EXPECT_TRUE(Assembler::is_z_illtrap((address)buf))
+      << "z_illtrap() (0x0000) must be recognised as illtrap";
+}
+
+TEST(AssemblerS390, is_z_illtrap_with_id) {
+  // z_illtrap(id) emits 0x00<id> — must also be detected.
+  // Tests a representative set of ids actually used in the source.
+  const uint8_t ids[] = { 0x22, 0x55, 0x66, 0x99, 0xba, 0xd1, 0xd2, 0xee };
+  for (uint8_t id : ids) {
+    uint8_t buf[] = { 0x00, id };
+    EXPECT_TRUE(Assembler::is_z_illtrap((address)buf))
+        << "z_illtrap(0x" << std::hex << (int)id << ") must be recognised as illtrap";
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(AssemblerS390, is_z_illtrap_false_positive) {
+  // A non-zero high byte must NOT be recognised as an illtrap.
+  uint8_t buf[] = { 0x07, 0x00 };  // BCR 0,0  (a NOP — not an illtrap)
+  EXPECT_FALSE(Assembler::is_z_illtrap((address)buf))
+      << "BCR 0,0 (0x0700) must not be recognised as illtrap";
+}
+
+#endif // S390 && !ZERO
+

From bc1bd75e7bc6cea24bbc77c45410338b0b110218 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Albert Mingkun Yang <ayang@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 13 Jul 2026 12:32:57 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 208/707] 8388122: NMT: Remove unused comm_size variable from
 RegionsTree::visit_committed_regions

Reviewed-by: stuefe
---
 src/hotspot/share/nmt/regionsTree.inline.hpp | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/nmt/regionsTree.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/nmt/regionsTree.inline.hpp
index 793a5c5f1fa..7f1714fb939 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/nmt/regionsTree.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/nmt/regionsTree.inline.hpp
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ template<typename F>
 void RegionsTree::visit_committed_regions(const VirtualMemoryRegion& rgn, F func) {
   position start = (position)rgn.base();
   size_t end = reinterpret_cast<size_t>(rgn.end()) + 1;
-  size_t comm_size = 0;
 
   NodeHelper prev;
   visit_range_in_order(start, end, [&](Node* node) {

From 0dcfa722aa02cfa9c097c459bab0c1233fbd1897 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: April Ivy <ivyapril2005@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 13 Jul 2026 13:36:26 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 209/707] 8388120: [s390x] c2: c_return_value is redundant

Reviewed-by: amitkumar, rrich
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad | 39 +++++++++++++++++++-----------------
 1 file changed, 21 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
index 6cdf40cda9c..256e39b03c2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
@@ -2617,28 +2617,31 @@ frame %{
   // stack slot.
   return_addr(REG Z_R14);
 
-  // Location of native (C/C++) and interpreter return values. This
-  // is specified to be the same as Java. In the 32-bit VM, long
-  // values are actually returned from native calls in O0:O1 and
-  // returned to the interpreter in I0:I1. The copying to and from
-  // the register pairs is done by the appropriate call and epilog
-  // opcodes. This simplifies the register allocator.
-  //
-  // Use register pair for c return value.
-  c_return_value %{
-    assert(ideal_reg >= Op_RegI && ideal_reg <= Op_RegL, "only return normal values");
-    static int typeToRegLo[Op_RegL+1] = { 0, 0, Z_R2_num, Z_R2_num, Z_R2_num, Z_F0_num, Z_F0_num, Z_R2_num };
-    static int typeToRegHi[Op_RegL+1] = { 0, 0, OptoReg::Bad, OptoReg::Bad, Z_R2_H_num, OptoReg::Bad, Z_F0_H_num, Z_R2_H_num };
-    return OptoRegPair(typeToRegHi[ideal_reg], typeToRegLo[ideal_reg]);
-  %}
-
   // Use register pair for return value.
   // Location of compiled Java return values. Same as C
   return_value %{
     assert(ideal_reg >= Op_RegI && ideal_reg <= Op_RegL, "only return normal values");
-    static int typeToRegLo[Op_RegL+1] = { 0, 0, Z_R2_num, Z_R2_num, Z_R2_num, Z_F0_num, Z_F0_num, Z_R2_num };
-    static int typeToRegHi[Op_RegL+1] = { 0, 0, OptoReg::Bad, OptoReg::Bad, Z_R2_H_num, OptoReg::Bad, Z_F0_H_num, Z_R2_H_num };
-    return OptoRegPair(typeToRegHi[ideal_reg], typeToRegLo[ideal_reg]);
+    static const int lo[Op_RegL + 1] = {
+      0,
+      0,
+      Z_R2_num,     // Op_RegN
+      Z_R2_num,     // Op_RegI
+      Z_R2_num,     // Op_RegP
+      Z_F0_num,     // Op_RegF
+      Z_F0_num,     // Op_RegD
+      Z_R2_num      // Op_RegL
+    };
+    static const int hi[Op_RegL + 1] = {
+      0,
+      0,
+      OptoReg::Bad, // Op_RegN
+      OptoReg::Bad, // Op_RegI
+      Z_R2_H_num,   // Op_RegP
+      OptoReg::Bad, // Op_RegF
+      Z_F0_H_num,   // Op_RegD
+      Z_R2_H_num    // Op_RegL
+    };
+    return OptoRegPair(hi[ideal_reg], lo[ideal_reg]);
   %}
 %}
 

From d343e6c854f2851c3bd09d850898b0d79950e718 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Justin Lu <jlu@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 13 Jul 2026 16:23:47 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 210/707] 8387455: Restrict legacy Locale compatibility
 handling to exact matches

Reviewed-by: naoto
---
 .../share/classes/java/util/Locale.java       | 32 ++++++++-----
 .../classes/java/util/ResourceBundle.java     |  2 +-
 .../util/locale/InternalLocaleBuilder.java    | 48 ++++++++++---------
 .../classes/sun/util/locale/LanguageTag.java  |  3 +-
 .../provider/LocaleServiceProviderPool.java   | 14 ++----
 .../java/util/Locale/LocaleEnhanceTest.java   | 47 +++++++++++++++++-
 .../Control/DefaultControlTest.java           | 29 +++++++++--
 7 files changed, 124 insertions(+), 51 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Locale.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Locale.java
index 462cd5755c2..f727d301954 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Locale.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Locale.java
@@ -523,25 +523,24 @@
  * <p>For compatibility reasons, two
  * non-conforming locales are treated as special cases.  These are
  * <b>{@code ja_JP_JP}</b> and <b>{@code th_TH_TH}</b>. These are ill-formed
- * in BCP 47 since the {@linkplain ##def_variant variants} are too short. To ease migration to BCP 47,
- * these are treated specially during construction.  These two cases (and only
- * these) cause a constructor to generate an extension, all other values behave
- * exactly as they did prior to Java 7.
+ * in BCP 47 since the {@linkplain ##def_variant variants} are too short. To ease
+ * migration to BCP 47, these are treated specially during creation. Creation
+ * of these two cases generates a compatibility extension.
  *
  * <p>Java has used {@code ja_JP_JP} to represent Japanese as used in
  * Japan together with the Japanese Imperial calendar. This is now
  * representable using a Unicode locale extension, by specifying the
  * Unicode locale key {@code ca} (for "calendar") and type
- * {@code japanese}. When the Locale constructor is called with the
- * arguments "ja", "JP", "JP", the extension "u-ca-japanese" is
- * automatically added.
+ * {@code japanese}. When a {@code Locale} is created with language "ja", an
+ * empty script, country "JP", variant "JP", and no extensions, the extension
+ * "u-ca-japanese" is automatically added.
  *
  * <p>Java has used {@code th_TH_TH} to represent Thai as used in
  * Thailand together with Thai digits. This is also now representable using
  * a Unicode locale extension, by specifying the Unicode locale key
- * {@code nu} (for "number") and value {@code thai}. When the Locale
- * constructor is called with the arguments "th", "TH", "TH", the
- * extension "u-nu-thai" is automatically added.
+ * {@code nu} (for "number") and value {@code thai}. When a {@code Locale} is
+ * created with language "th", an empty script, country "TH", variant "TH", and
+ * no extensions, the extension "u-nu-thai" is automatically added.
  *
  * <h3><a id="legacy_language_codes">Legacy language codes</a></h3>
  *
@@ -1612,9 +1611,9 @@ public final String toString() {
      * <li>Deprecated ISO language codes "iw", "ji", and "in" are
      * converted to "he", "yi", and "id", respectively.
      *
-     * <li>A locale with language "no", country "NO", and variant
-     * "NY", representing Norwegian Nynorsk (Norway), is converted
-     * to a language tag "nn-NO".</li></ul>
+     * <li>A locale with language "no", an empty script, country "NO", variant
+     * "NY", and no extensions, representing Norwegian Nynorsk (Norway), is
+     * converted to a language tag "nn-NO".</li></ul>
      *
      * <p><b>Note:</b> Although the language tag obtained by this
      * method is well-formed (satisfies the syntax requirements
@@ -2693,6 +2692,13 @@ public Builder() {
          * <li>Locale("th", "TH", "TH") is treated as "th-TH-u-nu-thai"
          * <li>Locale("no", "NO", "NY") is treated as "nn-NO"</ul>
          *
+         * <p>For all three cases, compatibility handling only applies when the script
+         * is empty. Additionally, the Japanese case requires exactly the
+         * {@code u-ca-japanese} extension, the Thai case requires
+         * exactly the {@code u-nu-thai} extension, and the Norwegian case
+         * requires no extensions. If these conditions are not met, the two-letter
+         * variant is treated as ill-formed, and an {@code IllformedLocaleException} is thrown.
+         *
          * @param locale the locale
          * @return This builder.
          * @throws IllformedLocaleException if {@code locale} has
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/ResourceBundle.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/ResourceBundle.java
index f91db79891b..2483e184e2e 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/ResourceBundle.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/ResourceBundle.java
@@ -2842,7 +2842,7 @@ private static List<Locale> createCandidateList(BaseLocale base) {
             boolean isNorwegianBokmal = false;
             boolean isNorwegianNynorsk = false;
             if (language.equals("no")) {
-                if (region.equals("NO") && variant.equals("NY")) {
+                if (region.equals("NO") && variant.equals("NY") && script.isEmpty()) {
                     variant = "";
                     isNorwegianNynorsk = true;
                 } else {
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/InternalLocaleBuilder.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/InternalLocaleBuilder.java
index 5da725d59c8..499cb757125 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/InternalLocaleBuilder.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/InternalLocaleBuilder.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2010, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2010, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -380,27 +380,31 @@ public InternalLocaleBuilder setLocale(BaseLocale base, LocaleExtensions localeE
         String variant = base.getVariant();
 
         // Special backward compatibility support
-
-        // Exception 1 - ja_JP_JP
-        if (language.equals("ja") && region.equals("JP") && variant.equals("JP")) {
-            // When locale ja_JP_JP is created, ca-japanese is always there.
-            // The builder ignores the variant "JP"
-            assert("japanese".equals(localeExtensions.getUnicodeLocaleType("ca")));
-            variant = "";
-        }
-        // Exception 2 - th_TH_TH
-        else if (language.equals("th") && region.equals("TH") && variant.equals("TH")) {
-            // When locale th_TH_TH is created, nu-thai is always there.
-            // The builder ignores the variant "TH"
-            assert("thai".equals(localeExtensions.getUnicodeLocaleType("nu")));
-            variant = "";
-        }
-        // Exception 3 - no_NO_NY
-        else if (language.equals("no") && region.equals("NO") && variant.equals("NY")) {
-            // no_NO_NY is a valid locale and used by Java 6 or older versions.
-            // The build ignores the variant "NY" and change the language to "nn".
-            language = "nn";
-            variant = "";
+        if (script.isEmpty()) {
+            // Exception 1 - ja_JP_JP
+            if (language.equals("ja") && region.equals("JP") && variant.equals("JP")
+                    && LocaleExtensions.CALENDAR_JAPANESE.equals(localeExtensions)) {
+                // When locale ja_JP_JP is created, ca-japanese is always added.
+                // If the extension exists, the builder ignores the variant "JP"
+                // otherwise "JP" is merely an ill-formed variant
+                variant = "";
+            }
+            // Exception 2 - th_TH_TH
+            else if (language.equals("th") && region.equals("TH") && variant.equals("TH")
+                    && LocaleExtensions.NUMBER_THAI.equals(localeExtensions)){
+                // When locale th_TH_TH is created, nu-thai is always added.
+                // If the extension exists, the builder ignores the variant "TH"
+                // otherwise "TH" is merely an ill-formed variant
+                variant = "";
+            }
+            // Exception 3 - no_NO_NY
+            else if (language.equals("no") && region.equals("NO") && variant.equals("NY")
+                    && localeExtensions == null) {
+                // no_NO_NY is a valid locale and used by Java 6 or older versions.
+                // The builder ignores the variant "NY" and changes the language to "nn".
+                language = "nn";
+                variant = "";
+            }
         }
 
         // Validate base locale fields before updating internal state.
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/LanguageTag.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/LanguageTag.java
index 5ce62a275cc..485fb7f5ca6 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/LanguageTag.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/LanguageTag.java
@@ -418,7 +418,8 @@ public static LanguageTag parseLocale(BaseLocale baseLocale, LocaleExtensions lo
         }
 
         // Special handling for no_NO_NY - use nn_NO for language tag
-        if (language.equals("no") && region.equals("NO") && baseVariant.equals("NY")) {
+        if (language.equals("no") && region.equals("NO") && baseVariant.equals("NY")
+                && script.isEmpty() && localeExtensions == null) {
             language = "nn";
             baseVariant = EMPTY_SUBTAG;
         }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/provider/LocaleServiceProviderPool.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/provider/LocaleServiceProviderPool.java
index cc9a805fe0d..f3d0990429d 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/provider/LocaleServiceProviderPool.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/provider/LocaleServiceProviderPool.java
@@ -370,16 +370,10 @@ static Locale getLookupLocale(Locale locale) {
                 locbld.clearExtensions();
                 lookupLocale = locbld.build();
             } catch (IllformedLocaleException e) {
-                // A Locale with non-empty extensions
-                // should have well-formed fields except
-                // for ja_JP_JP and th_TH_TH. Therefore,
-                // it should never enter in this catch clause.
-                System.getLogger(LocaleServiceProviderPool.class.getCanonicalName())
-                    .log(System.Logger.Level.INFO,
-                        "A locale(" + locale + ") has non-empty extensions, but has illformed fields.");
-
-                // Fallback - script field will be lost.
-                lookupLocale = Locale.of(locale.getLanguage(), locale.getCountry(), locale.getVariant());
+                // E.g. "en-Latn-US-a-foo-x-lvariant-xy"
+                // Extensions can exist while variant is ill-formed
+                // Simply strip the extensions so that all fields are preserved
+                lookupLocale = lookupLocale.stripExtensions();
             }
         }
         return lookupLocale;
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Locale/LocaleEnhanceTest.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Locale/LocaleEnhanceTest.java
index 3fe3745034d..a4c056d3a77 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Locale/LocaleEnhanceTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Locale/LocaleEnhanceTest.java
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 6875847 6992272 7002320 7015500 7023613 7032820 7033504 7004603
  *      7044019 8008577 8176853 8255086 8263202 8287868 8174269 8369452
- *      8369590 8387185 8387253
+ *      8369590 8387185 8387253 8387455
  * @summary test API changes to Locale
  * @modules jdk.localedata
  * @run junit/othervm -esa LocaleEnhanceTest
@@ -498,6 +498,23 @@ public void testToLanguageTag() {
                 // private use only language tag is preserved (no extra "und")
                 {"x-elmer", "x-elmer"},
                 {"x-lvariant-JP", "x-lvariant-JP"},
+                // Legacy locale cases
+                // no/NO/NY case is normalized during `toLanguageTag`
+                // ja/JP/JP & th/TH/TH case is normalized during `forLanguageTag`
+                // Script prevents the legacy conversions
+                {"no-Latn-NO-x-lvariant-NY",
+                        "no-Latn-NO-x-lvariant-NY"},
+                {"ja-Jpan-JP-x-lvariant-JP",
+                        "ja-Jpan-JP-x-lvariant-JP"},
+                {"th-Thai-TH-x-lvariant-TH",
+                        "th-Thai-TH-x-lvariant-TH"},
+                // Unexpected extensions prevent the legacy conversions
+                {"no-NO-a-foo-x-lvariant-NY",
+                        "no-NO-a-foo-x-lvariant-NY"},
+                {"ja-JP-a-foo-x-lvariant-JP",
+                        "ja-JP-a-foo-x-lvariant-JP"},
+                {"th-TH-a-foo-x-lvariant-TH",
+                        "th-TH-a-foo-x-lvariant-TH"},
         };
         for (String[] test : tests1) {
             Locale locale = Locale.forLanguageTag(test[0]);
@@ -729,6 +746,34 @@ public void testBuilderSetLocale() {
         assertEquals("nn", locale.getLanguage(), "no_NO_NY language");
         assertEquals("", locale.getVariant(), "no_NO_NY variant");
 
+        // Legacy locales that stripped their compatibility extensions are invalid
+        assertThrows(IllformedLocaleException.class,
+                () -> new Builder().setLocale(Locale.of("ja", "JP", "JP").stripExtensions()));
+        assertThrows(IllformedLocaleException.class,
+                () -> new Builder().setLocale(Locale.of("th", "TH", "TH").stripExtensions()));
+
+        // Legacy locales without the correct Unicode locale extension value are invalid
+        assertThrows(IllformedLocaleException.class,
+                () -> new Builder().setLocale(Locale.forLanguageTag("ja-JP-u-ca-foobar-x-lvariant-JP")));
+        assertThrows(IllformedLocaleException.class,
+                () -> new Builder().setLocale(Locale.forLanguageTag("th-TH-u-nu-foobar-x-lvariant-TH")));
+
+        // Legacy locales with additional extensions are invalid
+        assertThrows(IllformedLocaleException.class,
+                () -> new Builder().setLocale(Locale.forLanguageTag("no-NO-a-foo-x-lvariant-NY")));
+        assertThrows(IllformedLocaleException.class,
+                () -> new Builder().setLocale(Locale.forLanguageTag("ja-JP-a-foo-x-lvariant-JP")));
+        assertThrows(IllformedLocaleException.class,
+                () -> new Builder().setLocale(Locale.forLanguageTag("th-TH-a-foo-x-lvariant-TH")));
+
+        // Legacy locales with non-empty script are invalid
+        assertThrows(IllformedLocaleException.class,
+                () -> new Builder().setLocale(Locale.forLanguageTag("ja-Jpan-JP-u-ca-japanese-x-lvariant-JP")));
+        assertThrows(IllformedLocaleException.class,
+                () -> new Builder().setLocale(Locale.forLanguageTag("th-Thai-TH-u-nu-thai-x-lvariant-TH")));
+        assertThrows(IllformedLocaleException.class,
+                () -> new Builder().setLocale(Locale.forLanguageTag("no-Latn-NO-x-lvariant-NY")));
+
         // non-canonical, non-legacy locales are invalid
         assertThrows(IllformedLocaleException.class,
                 () -> new Builder().setLocale(Locale.of("123", "4567", "89")), "123_4567_89");
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/ResourceBundle/Control/DefaultControlTest.java b/test/jdk/java/util/ResourceBundle/Control/DefaultControlTest.java
index b8b49406c05..a70ebf9e527 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/ResourceBundle/Control/DefaultControlTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/ResourceBundle/Control/DefaultControlTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
  */
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 5102289 6278334 8261179
+ * @bug 5102289 6278334 8261179 8387455
  * @summary Test the default Control implementation. The expiration
  * functionality of newBundle, getTimeToLive, and needsReload is
  * tested by ExpirationTest.sh. The factory methods are tested
@@ -171,6 +171,15 @@ private static void testGetCandidateLocales() {
         candidateData.put(Locale.ROOT, new Locale[] {
                               Locale.ROOT });
 
+        // Norwegian Nynorsk
+        candidateData.put(Locale.of("no", "NO", "NY"), new Locale[] {
+                Locale.of("nn", "NO"),
+                Locale.of("nn"),
+                Locale.of("no", "NO", "NY"),
+                Locale.of("no", "NO"),
+                Locale.of("no"),
+                Locale.ROOT});
+
         // Norwegian Bokmal
         candidateData.put(Locale.forLanguageTag("nb-NO-POSIX"), new Locale[] {
                 Locale.forLanguageTag("nb-NO-POSIX"),
@@ -188,7 +197,21 @@ private static void testGetCandidateLocales() {
                 Locale.forLanguageTag("no"),
                 Locale.forLanguageTag("nb"),
                 Locale.ROOT});
-
+        // Appears as no-NO-NY legacy locale (but contains script) so treat as Norwegian Bokmal
+        candidateData.put(Locale.forLanguageTag("no-Latn-NO-x-lvariant-NY"), new Locale[] {
+                Locale.forLanguageTag("no-Latn-NO-x-lvariant-NY"),
+                Locale.forLanguageTag("nb-Latn-NO-x-lvariant-NY"),
+                Locale.forLanguageTag("no-Latn-NO"),
+                Locale.forLanguageTag("nb-Latn-NO"),
+                Locale.forLanguageTag("no-Latn"),
+                Locale.forLanguageTag("nb-Latn"),
+                Locale.forLanguageTag("no-NO-x-lvariant-NY"),
+                Locale.forLanguageTag("nb-NO-x-lvariant-NY"),
+                Locale.forLanguageTag("no-NO"),
+                Locale.forLanguageTag("nb-NO"),
+                Locale.forLanguageTag("no"),
+                Locale.forLanguageTag("nb"),
+                Locale.ROOT});
 
         for (Locale locale : candidateData.keySet()) {
             List<Locale> candidates = CONTROL.getCandidateLocales("any", locale);

From 151516fae22ee71c12ea76a51fcf5be69f2e5dbf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Elif Aslan <easlan@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 13 Jul 2026 16:46:50 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 211/707] 8387985: sun/tools/jstat shell tests fail on
 platforms that do not support ParallelGC

Reviewed-by: cjplummer, dholmes
---
 test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcCapacityOutput1.sh     | 3 ++-
 test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcMetaCapacityOutput1.sh | 3 ++-
 test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcNewCapacityOutput1.sh  | 3 ++-
 test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcNewOutput1.sh          | 3 ++-
 test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcOldCapacityOutput1.sh  | 5 +++--
 test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcOldOutput1.sh          | 3 ++-
 test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcOutput1.sh             | 3 ++-
 test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatLineCounts1.sh           | 3 ++-
 test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatLineCounts2.sh           | 3 ++-
 test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatLineCounts3.sh           | 3 ++-
 test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatLineCounts4.sh           | 3 ++-
 test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatTimeStamp1.sh            | 3 ++-
 12 files changed, 25 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcCapacityOutput1.sh b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcCapacityOutput1.sh
index c1908855ea7..6e184e9dc31 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcCapacityOutput1.sh
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcCapacityOutput1.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2004, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 # @test
 # @bug 4990825
+# @requires vm.gc.Parallel
 # @run shell jstatGcCapacityOutput1.sh
 # @summary Test that output of 'jstat -gccapacity 0' has expected line counts
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcMetaCapacityOutput1.sh b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcMetaCapacityOutput1.sh
index b16d0e38d02..b5caccb1768 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcMetaCapacityOutput1.sh
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcMetaCapacityOutput1.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2013, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2013, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 # @test
 # @bug 4990825
+# @requires vm.gc.Parallel
 # @run shell jstatGcMetaCapacityOutput1.sh
 # @summary Test that output of 'jstat -gcmetacapacity 0' has expected line counts
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcNewCapacityOutput1.sh b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcNewCapacityOutput1.sh
index 64ce2efd455..96f0722a9e1 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcNewCapacityOutput1.sh
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcNewCapacityOutput1.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2004, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 # @test
 # @bug 4990825
+# @requires vm.gc.Parallel
 # @run shell jstatGcNewCapacityOutput1.sh
 # @summary Test that output of 'jstat -gcnewcapacity 0' has expected line counts
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcNewOutput1.sh b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcNewOutput1.sh
index b15ec02d2b0..96e2db61488 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcNewOutput1.sh
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcNewOutput1.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2004, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 # @test
 # @bug 4990825
+# @requires vm.gc.Parallel
 # @run shell jstatGcNewOutput1.sh
 # @summary Test that output of 'jstat -gcnew 0' has expected line counts
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcOldCapacityOutput1.sh b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcOldCapacityOutput1.sh
index 1c13d6f916d..0c5e2e19894 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcOldCapacityOutput1.sh
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcOldCapacityOutput1.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2004, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,8 +23,9 @@
 
 # @test
 # @bug 4990825
+# @requires vm.gc.Parallel
 # @run shell jstatGcOldCapacityOutput1.sh
-# @summary Test that output of 'jstat -gcoldcapcaity 0' has expected line counts
+# @summary Test that output of 'jstat -gcoldcapacity 0' has expected line counts
 
 . ${TESTSRC-.}/../../jvmstat/testlibrary/utils.sh
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcOldOutput1.sh b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcOldOutput1.sh
index 7f505228b12..0f857ccb1e6 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcOldOutput1.sh
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcOldOutput1.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2004, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 # @test
 # @bug 4990825
+# @requires vm.gc.Parallel
 # @run shell jstatGcOldOutput1.sh
 # @summary Test that output of 'jstat -gcold 0' has expected line counts
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcOutput1.sh b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcOutput1.sh
index dfffa2d1a55..5862fda3fd7 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcOutput1.sh
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatGcOutput1.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2004, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 # @test
 # @bug 4990825
+# @requires vm.gc.Parallel
 # @run shell jstatGcOutput1.sh
 # @summary Test that output of 'jstat -gc 0' has expected line counts
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatLineCounts1.sh b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatLineCounts1.sh
index 97338b8e793..ca6adce96a5 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatLineCounts1.sh
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatLineCounts1.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2004, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 # @test
 # @bug 4990825
+# @requires vm.gc.Parallel
 # @run shell jstatLineCounts1.sh
 # @summary Test that output of 'jstat -gcutil 0 250 5' has expected line counts
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatLineCounts2.sh b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatLineCounts2.sh
index eab19f3931e..a668df72e0e 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatLineCounts2.sh
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatLineCounts2.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2004, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 # @test
 # @bug 4990825
+# @requires vm.gc.Parallel
 # @run shell jstatLineCounts2.sh
 # @summary Test that output of 'jstat -gcutil 0' has expected line counts
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatLineCounts3.sh b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatLineCounts3.sh
index 9a769a92464..bffffc8a38e 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatLineCounts3.sh
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatLineCounts3.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2004, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 # @test
 # @bug 4990825
+# @requires vm.gc.Parallel
 # @run shell jstatLineCounts3.sh
 # @summary Test that output of 'jstat -gcutil -h 10 250 10' has expected line counts
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatLineCounts4.sh b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatLineCounts4.sh
index 817c3b14f62..9ad1f57a5d5 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatLineCounts4.sh
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatLineCounts4.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2004, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 # @test
 # @bug 4990825
+# @requires vm.gc.Parallel
 # @run shell jstatLineCounts4.sh
 # @summary Test that output of 'jstat -gcutil -h 10 250 11' has expected line counts
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatTimeStamp1.sh b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatTimeStamp1.sh
index db71314fcf9..4e4cb8df426 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatTimeStamp1.sh
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jstat/jstatTimeStamp1.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2004, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 # @test
 # @bug 4990825
+# @requires vm.gc.Parallel
 # @run shell jstatTimeStamp1.sh
 # @summary Test that output of 'jstat -gcutil -t 0' has expected format
 

From 30abe0b3a6ee2d9a8ef992e58e8e81d5aadaf49f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vladimir Ivanov <vlivanov@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 13 Jul 2026 17:51:11 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 212/707] 8373487: Out-of-bounds access in AlignmentGapAccess
 test

Reviewed-by: dlong, ayang
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt                         | 2 --
 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/unsafe/AlignmentGapAccess.java | 7 ++++++-
 2 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
index e0005bfde07..0a98477be69 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
@@ -67,8 +67,6 @@ compiler/interpreter/Test6833129.java 8335266 generic-i586
 
 compiler/c2/aarch64/TestStaticCallStub.java 8359963 generic-aarch64
 
-compiler/unsafe/AlignmentGapAccess.java 8373487 generic-all
-
 compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestBCEscapeAnalyzerOverflow.java 8387392 windows-aarch64
 
 #############################################################################
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/unsafe/AlignmentGapAccess.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/unsafe/AlignmentGapAccess.java
index ac3c4b0278a..8b2ee067140 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/unsafe/AlignmentGapAccess.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/unsafe/AlignmentGapAccess.java
@@ -38,17 +38,22 @@ public class AlignmentGapAccess {
 
     static class A           { int  fa; }
     static class B extends A { byte fb; }
+    static class C extends B { int  fc; }
 
     static final long FA_OFFSET = UNSAFE.objectFieldOffset(A.class, "fa");
     static final long FB_OFFSET = UNSAFE.objectFieldOffset(B.class, "fb");
+    static final long FC_OFFSET = UNSAFE.objectFieldOffset(C.class, "fc");
 
     static int test(B obj) {
         return UNSAFE.getInt(obj, FB_OFFSET + 1);
     }
 
     public static void main(String[] args) {
+        System.out.printf("Layout: +%d: fa; +%d: fb; +%d: fc\n",
+                          FA_OFFSET, FB_OFFSET, FC_OFFSET);
+
         for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; i++) {
-            test(new B());
+            test(new C());
         }
         System.out.println("TEST PASSED");
     }

From 6ec04bb20423110d6a991c827104f37571e4ead0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 13 Jul 2026 18:04:04 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 213/707] 8387675: IS_WINVISTA macro is obsolete

Reviewed-by: aivanov, stuefe, prr
---
 .../sun/awt/Win32GraphicsEnvironment.java     |  9 +----
 .../sun/awt/windows/WComponentPeer.java       | 10 ++----
 .../classes/sun/awt/windows/WWindowPeer.java  | 36 +++++--------------
 .../libawt/java2d/windows/WindowsFlags.cpp    |  5 ++-
 .../windows/native/libawt/windows/awt.h       |  6 +---
 .../libawt/windows/awt_DesktopProperties.cpp  | 14 +-------
 .../native/libawt/windows/awt_MenuItem.cpp    |  8 ++---
 .../native/libawt/windows/awt_TextArea.cpp    |  4 +--
 .../native/libawt/windows/awt_TextField.cpp   |  4 +--
 .../libawt/windows/awt_Win32GraphicsEnv.cpp   | 19 +---------
 10 files changed, 22 insertions(+), 93 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/Win32GraphicsEnvironment.java b/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/Win32GraphicsEnvironment.java
index 9d09f13e525..8bb7f04420c 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/Win32GraphicsEnvironment.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/Win32GraphicsEnvironment.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -255,11 +255,4 @@ public static boolean isDWMCompositionEnabled() {
     private static void dwmCompositionChanged(boolean enabled) {
         isDWMCompositionEnabled = enabled;
     }
-
-    /**
-     * Used to find out if the OS is Windows Vista or later.
-     *
-     * @return {@code true} if the OS is Vista or later, {@code false} otherwise
-     */
-    public static native boolean isVistaOS();
 }
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/windows/WComponentPeer.java b/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/windows/WComponentPeer.java
index 00ad60c8bb3..b288d5beb07 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/windows/WComponentPeer.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/windows/WComponentPeer.java
@@ -1082,16 +1082,10 @@ public void setBoundsOperation(int operation) {
      */
     public boolean isAccelCapable() {
         if (!isAccelCapable ||
-            !isContainingTopLevelAccelCapable((Component)target))
-        {
+            !isContainingTopLevelAccelCapable((Component)target)) {
             return false;
         }
-
-        boolean isTranslucent =
-            SunToolkit.isContainingTopLevelTranslucent((Component)target);
-        // D3D/OGL and translucent windows interacted poorly in Windows XP;
-        // these problems are no longer present in Vista
-        return !isTranslucent || Win32GraphicsEnvironment.isVistaOS();
+        return true;
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/windows/WWindowPeer.java b/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/windows/WWindowPeer.java
index 9c1c7665f4b..3c8e4de23cb 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/windows/WWindowPeer.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/windows/WWindowPeer.java
@@ -683,16 +683,6 @@ public void setOpacity(float opacity) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                 "The value of opacity should be in the range [0.0f .. 1.0f].");
         }
-
-        if (((this.opacity == 1.0f && opacity <  1.0f) ||
-             (this.opacity <  1.0f && opacity == 1.0f)) &&
-            !Win32GraphicsEnvironment.isVistaOS())
-        {
-            // non-Vista OS: only replace the surface data if opacity status
-            // changed (see WComponentPeer.isAccelCapable() for more)
-            replaceSurfaceDataRecursively((Component)getTarget());
-        }
-
         this.opacity = opacity;
 
         final int maxOpacity = 0xff;
@@ -734,14 +724,6 @@ public void setOpaque(boolean isOpaque) {
             }
         }
 
-        boolean isVistaOS = Win32GraphicsEnvironment.isVistaOS();
-
-        if (this.isOpaque != isOpaque && !isVistaOS) {
-            // non-Vista OS: only replace the surface data if the opacity
-            // status changed (see WComponentPeer.isAccelCapable() for more)
-            replaceSurfaceDataRecursively(target);
-        }
-
         synchronized (getStateLock()) {
             this.isOpaque = isOpaque;
             setOpaqueImpl(isOpaque);
@@ -756,16 +738,14 @@ public void setOpaque(boolean isOpaque) {
             }
         }
 
-        if (isVistaOS) {
-            // On Vista: setting the window non-opaque makes the window look
-            // rectangular, though still catching the mouse clicks within
-            // its shape only. To restore the correct visual appearance
-            // of the window (i.e. w/ the correct shape) we have to reset
-            // the shape.
-            Shape shape = target.getShape();
-            if (shape != null) {
-                target.setShape(shape);
-            }
+        // Since Vista: setting the window non-opaque makes the window look
+        // rectangular, though still catching the mouse clicks within
+        // its shape only. To restore the correct visual appearance
+        // of the window (i.e. w/ the correct shape) we have to reset
+        // the shape.
+        Shape shape = target.getShape();
+        if (shape != null) {
+            target.setShape(shape);
         }
 
         if (target.isVisible()) {
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/java2d/windows/WindowsFlags.cpp b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/java2d/windows/WindowsFlags.cpp
index 189525c39a1..c294303f4c1 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/java2d/windows/WindowsFlags.cpp
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/java2d/windows/WindowsFlags.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -88,8 +88,7 @@ void GetFlagValues(JNIEnv *env, jclass wFlagsClass)
     }
     useD3D = d3dEnabled;
     forceD3DUsage = d3dSet;
-    setHighDPIAware =
-        (IS_WINVISTA && GetStaticBoolean(env, wFlagsClass, "setHighDPIAware"));
+    setHighDPIAware = GetStaticBoolean(env, wFlagsClass, "setHighDPIAware");
     JNU_CHECK_EXCEPTION(env);
 
     J2dTraceLn(J2D_TRACE_INFO, "WindowsFlags (native):");
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt.h b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt.h
index c367471afa9..8a09d6af994 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt.h
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt.h
@@ -154,12 +154,8 @@ typedef AwtObject* PDATA;
                                                      JNI_TRUE)
 /*  /NEW JNI */
 
-/*
- * IS_WINVISTA returns TRUE on Vista
- */
-#define IS_WINVISTA (LOBYTE(LOWORD(::GetVersion())) >= 6)
 #define IS_WIN8 (                                                              \
-    (IS_WINVISTA && (HIBYTE(LOWORD(::GetVersion())) >= 2)) ||                  \
+    (LOBYTE(LOWORD(::GetVersion())) == 6 && (HIBYTE(LOWORD(::GetVersion())) >= 2)) ||  \
     (LOBYTE(LOWORD(::GetVersion())) > 6))
 
 #define IS_WINVER_ATLEAST(maj, min) \
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_DesktopProperties.cpp b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_DesktopProperties.cpp
index d5ad022c1e0..a00938f764f 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_DesktopProperties.cpp
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_DesktopProperties.cpp
@@ -272,20 +272,8 @@ void AwtDesktopProperties::GetNonClientParameters() {
     // general window properties
     //
     NONCLIENTMETRICS    ncmetrics;
+    ncmetrics.cbSize = sizeof(ncmetrics);
 
-    // Fix for 6944516: specify correct size for ncmetrics on WIN2K/XP
-    // Microsoft recommend to subtract the size of  'iPaddedBorderWidth' field
-    // when running on XP. However this can't be referenced at compile time
-    // with the older SDK, so there use 'lfMessageFont' plus its size.
-    if (!IS_WINVISTA) {
-#if defined(_MSC_VER)
-        ncmetrics.cbSize = offsetof(NONCLIENTMETRICS, iPaddedBorderWidth);
-#else
-        ncmetrics.cbSize = offsetof(NONCLIENTMETRICS,lfMessageFont) + sizeof(LOGFONT);
-#endif
-    } else {
-        ncmetrics.cbSize = sizeof(ncmetrics);
-    }
     VERIFY( SystemParametersInfo(SPI_GETNONCLIENTMETRICS, ncmetrics.cbSize, &ncmetrics, FALSE) );
 
     float invScaleX;
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_MenuItem.cpp b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_MenuItem.cpp
index ff7e01df3e8..d1a4fc68d03 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_MenuItem.cpp
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_MenuItem.cpp
@@ -395,9 +395,7 @@ AwtMenuItem::DrawSelf(DRAWITEMSTRUCT& drawInfo)
     //draw check mark
     int checkWidth = ::GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXMENUCHECK);
     // Workaround for CR#6401956
-    if (IS_WINVISTA) {
-        AdjustCheckWidth(checkWidth);
-    }
+    AdjustCheckWidth(checkWidth);
 
     if (IsCheckbox()) {
         // means that target is a java.awt.CheckboxMenuItem
@@ -558,9 +556,7 @@ void AwtMenuItem::MeasureSelf(HDC hDC, MEASUREITEMSTRUCT& measureInfo)
     if (!IsTopMenu()) {
         int checkWidth = ::GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXMENUCHECK);
         // Workaround for CR#6401956
-        if (IS_WINVISTA) {
-            AdjustCheckWidth(checkWidth);
-        }
+        AdjustCheckWidth(checkWidth);
         measureInfo.itemWidth += checkWidth;
 
         // Add in shortcut width, if one exists.
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_TextArea.cpp b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_TextArea.cpp
index 6dc21c5adda..282bd194f2f 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_TextArea.cpp
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_TextArea.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ void AwtTextArea::EditSetSel(CHARRANGE &cr) {
     SendMessage(EM_EXSETSEL, 0, reinterpret_cast<LPARAM>(&cr));
     SendMessage(EM_HIDESELECTION, TRUE, TRUE);
     // 6417581: force expected drawing
-    if (IS_WINVISTA && cr.cpMin == cr.cpMax) {
+    if (cr.cpMin == cr.cpMax) {
         ::InvalidateRect(GetHWnd(), NULL, TRUE);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_TextField.cpp b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_TextField.cpp
index 5518ab91145..c1b682ffa46 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_TextField.cpp
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_TextField.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ void AwtTextField::EditSetSel(CHARRANGE &cr) {
     SendMessage(EM_EXSETSEL, 0, reinterpret_cast<LPARAM>(&cr));
 
     // 6417581: force expected drawing
-    if (IS_WINVISTA && cr.cpMin == cr.cpMax) {
+    if (cr.cpMin == cr.cpMax) {
         ::InvalidateRect(GetHWnd(), NULL, TRUE);
     }
 
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Win32GraphicsEnv.cpp b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Win32GraphicsEnv.cpp
index cc53f4a3322..5aa7731c8a6 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Win32GraphicsEnv.cpp
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Win32GraphicsEnv.cpp
@@ -90,20 +90,13 @@ void DWMResetCompositionEnabled() {
 }
 
 /**
- * Returns true if dwm composition is enabled, false if it is not applicable
- * (if the OS is not Vista) or dwm composition is disabled.
+ * Returns true if DWM composition is enabled, false if DWM composition is disabled.
  */
 BOOL DWMIsCompositionEnabled() {
-    // cheaper to check than whether it's vista or not
     if (dwmIsCompositionEnabled != DWM_COMP_UNDEFINED) {
         return (BOOL)dwmIsCompositionEnabled;
     }
 
-    if (!IS_WINVISTA) {
-        dwmIsCompositionEnabled = FALSE;
-        return FALSE;
-    }
-
     BOOL bRes = FALSE;
 
     try {
@@ -337,13 +330,3 @@ Java_sun_awt_Win32GraphicsEnvironment_getYResolution(JNIEnv *env, jobject wge)
     CATCH_BAD_ALLOC_RET(0);
 }
 
-/*
- * Class:     sun_awt_Win32GraphicsEnvironment
- * Method:    isVistaOS
- * Signature: ()Z
- */
-JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL Java_sun_awt_Win32GraphicsEnvironment_isVistaOS
-  (JNIEnv *env, jclass wgeclass)
-{
-    return IS_WINVISTA;
-}

From be40b6bcdab37368ea3c769e575b36e290d0c6a1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ashay Rane <arane@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 14 Jul 2026 09:12:36 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 214/707] 8387188: JImageExtractTest.java test should deny
 APPEND_DATA ACL in `testExtractToReadOnlyDir`

Reviewed-by: alanb, dbalek
---
 test/jdk/tools/jimage/JImageExtractTest.java | 5 +++--
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/jimage/JImageExtractTest.java b/test/jdk/tools/jimage/JImageExtractTest.java
index eec10439cf5..e5f62232097 100644
--- a/test/jdk/tools/jimage/JImageExtractTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/jimage/JImageExtractTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -188,7 +188,8 @@ public void testExtractToReadOnlyDir() throws IOException {
             AclEntry entry = AclEntry.newBuilder()
                                      .setType(AclEntryType.DENY)
                                      .setPrincipal(fileOwner)
-                                     .setPermissions(AclEntryPermission.WRITE_DATA)
+                                     .setPermissions(AclEntryPermission.WRITE_DATA,
+                                                     AclEntryPermission.APPEND_DATA)
                                      .setFlags(AclEntryFlag.FILE_INHERIT, AclEntryFlag.DIRECTORY_INHERIT)
                                      .build();
             List<AclEntry> acl = view.getAcl();

From 6e2a4f847fc91ab25a167ca833bdeaaad5ee8d48 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jatin Bhateja <jbhateja@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 14 Jul 2026 12:57:49 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 215/707] 8386322: Float16Vector.toString should render lane
 values using Float16.toString

Reviewed-by: psandoz, rgiulietti
---
 .../jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector.java      | 12 ++++++++----
 .../jdk/incubator/vector/X-Vector.java.template  | 16 ++++++++++++++++
 .../incubator/vector/Float16Vector128Tests.java  |  3 ++-
 .../incubator/vector/Float16Vector256Tests.java  |  3 ++-
 .../incubator/vector/Float16Vector512Tests.java  |  3 ++-
 .../incubator/vector/Float16Vector64Tests.java   |  3 ++-
 .../incubator/vector/Float16VectorMaxTests.java  |  3 ++-
 .../vector/templates/Unit-Miscellaneous.template |  7 ++++++-
 8 files changed, 40 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector.java b/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector.java
index ce3a67357f9..a42fb44dd02 100644
--- a/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector.java
+++ b/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector.java
@@ -3707,8 +3707,10 @@ public final ShortVector viewAsIntegralLanes() {
      * in lane order.
      *
      * The string is produced as if by a call to {@link
-     * java.util.Arrays#toString(short[]) Arrays.toString()},
-     * as appropriate to the {@code short} array returned by
+     * java.util.Arrays#toString(Object[]) Arrays.toString()},
+     * as appropriate to a {@code Float16} array whose elements
+     * are obtained by applying {@link Float16#shortBitsToFloat16(short)}
+     * to each element of the {@code short[]} array returned by
      * {@link #toArray this.toArray()}.
      *
      * @return a string of the form {@code "[0,1,2...]"}
@@ -3718,8 +3720,10 @@ public final ShortVector viewAsIntegralLanes() {
     @ForceInline
     public final
     String toString() {
-        // now that toArray is strongly typed, we can define this
-        return Arrays.toString(toArray());
+        // Render the lanes as Float16 values; Float16.toString produces
+        // human-readable text and canonicalizes NaN, Infinity and -0.0
+        // independent of the underlying bit encoding.
+        return Arrays.toString(toFloat16Array());
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/X-Vector.java.template b/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/X-Vector.java.template
index f11c6283685..00445cc8ac5 100644
--- a/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/X-Vector.java.template
+++ b/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/X-Vector.java.template
@@ -5723,10 +5723,19 @@ public abstract sealed class $abstractvectortype$ extends AbstractVector<$Boxtyp
      * {@code "[0,1,2...]"}, reporting the lane values of this vector,
      * in lane order.
      *
+#if[FP16]
+     * The string is produced as if by a call to {@link
+     * java.util.Arrays#toString(Object[]) Arrays.toString()},
+     * as appropriate to a {@code Float16} array whose elements
+     * are obtained by applying {@link Float16#shortBitsToFloat16(short)}
+     * to each element of the {@code short[]} array returned by
+     * {@link #toArray this.toArray()}.
+#else[FP16]
      * The string is produced as if by a call to {@link
      * java.util.Arrays#toString($type$[]) Arrays.toString()},
      * as appropriate to the {@code $type$} array returned by
      * {@link #toArray this.toArray()}.
+#end[FP16]
      *
      * @return a string of the form {@code "[0,1,2...]"}
      * reporting the lane values of this vector
@@ -5735,8 +5744,15 @@ public abstract sealed class $abstractvectortype$ extends AbstractVector<$Boxtyp
     @ForceInline
     public final
     String toString() {
+#if[FP16]
+        // Render the lanes as Float16 values; Float16.toString produces
+        // human-readable text and canonicalizes NaN, Infinity and -0.0
+        // independent of the underlying bit encoding.
+        return Arrays.toString(toFloat16Array());
+#else[FP16]
         // now that toArray is strongly typed, we can define this
         return Arrays.toString(toArray());
+#end[FP16]
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector128Tests.java b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector128Tests.java
index a33e83d14ea..215f6ef9c47 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector128Tests.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector128Tests.java
@@ -5412,7 +5412,8 @@ static void toStringFloat16Vector128TestsSmokeTest(IntFunction<short[]> fa) {
             String str = av.toString();
 
             short subarr[] = Arrays.copyOfRange(a, i, i + SPECIES.length());
-            Assert.assertTrue(str.equals(Arrays.toString(subarr)), "at index " + i + ", string should be = " + Arrays.toString(subarr) + ", but is = " + str);
+            String expectedStr = Arrays.toString(toFloat16Array(subarr));
+            Assert.assertTrue(str.equals(expectedStr), "at index " + i + ", string should be = " + expectedStr + ", but is = " + str);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector256Tests.java b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector256Tests.java
index 99b167d4024..f198a4a970f 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector256Tests.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector256Tests.java
@@ -5412,7 +5412,8 @@ static void toStringFloat16Vector256TestsSmokeTest(IntFunction<short[]> fa) {
             String str = av.toString();
 
             short subarr[] = Arrays.copyOfRange(a, i, i + SPECIES.length());
-            Assert.assertTrue(str.equals(Arrays.toString(subarr)), "at index " + i + ", string should be = " + Arrays.toString(subarr) + ", but is = " + str);
+            String expectedStr = Arrays.toString(toFloat16Array(subarr));
+            Assert.assertTrue(str.equals(expectedStr), "at index " + i + ", string should be = " + expectedStr + ", but is = " + str);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector512Tests.java b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector512Tests.java
index 1c391497015..3d2b7de23f9 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector512Tests.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector512Tests.java
@@ -5412,7 +5412,8 @@ static void toStringFloat16Vector512TestsSmokeTest(IntFunction<short[]> fa) {
             String str = av.toString();
 
             short subarr[] = Arrays.copyOfRange(a, i, i + SPECIES.length());
-            Assert.assertTrue(str.equals(Arrays.toString(subarr)), "at index " + i + ", string should be = " + Arrays.toString(subarr) + ", but is = " + str);
+            String expectedStr = Arrays.toString(toFloat16Array(subarr));
+            Assert.assertTrue(str.equals(expectedStr), "at index " + i + ", string should be = " + expectedStr + ", but is = " + str);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector64Tests.java b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector64Tests.java
index 6ef651860ad..c44f0f7c576 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector64Tests.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector64Tests.java
@@ -5412,7 +5412,8 @@ static void toStringFloat16Vector64TestsSmokeTest(IntFunction<short[]> fa) {
             String str = av.toString();
 
             short subarr[] = Arrays.copyOfRange(a, i, i + SPECIES.length());
-            Assert.assertTrue(str.equals(Arrays.toString(subarr)), "at index " + i + ", string should be = " + Arrays.toString(subarr) + ", but is = " + str);
+            String expectedStr = Arrays.toString(toFloat16Array(subarr));
+            Assert.assertTrue(str.equals(expectedStr), "at index " + i + ", string should be = " + expectedStr + ", but is = " + str);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16VectorMaxTests.java b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16VectorMaxTests.java
index 61efa3de9a0..92945d74ceb 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16VectorMaxTests.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16VectorMaxTests.java
@@ -5418,7 +5418,8 @@ static void toStringFloat16VectorMaxTestsSmokeTest(IntFunction<short[]> fa) {
             String str = av.toString();
 
             short subarr[] = Arrays.copyOfRange(a, i, i + SPECIES.length());
-            Assert.assertTrue(str.equals(Arrays.toString(subarr)), "at index " + i + ", string should be = " + Arrays.toString(subarr) + ", but is = " + str);
+            String expectedStr = Arrays.toString(toFloat16Array(subarr));
+            Assert.assertTrue(str.equals(expectedStr), "at index " + i + ", string should be = " + expectedStr + ", but is = " + str);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/templates/Unit-Miscellaneous.template b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/templates/Unit-Miscellaneous.template
index 0ae9342539f..b673e5e1fab 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/templates/Unit-Miscellaneous.template
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/templates/Unit-Miscellaneous.template
@@ -87,7 +87,12 @@
             String str = av.toString();
 
             $type$ subarr[] = Arrays.copyOfRange(a, i, i + SPECIES.length());
-            Assert.assertTrue(str.equals(Arrays.toString(subarr)), "at index " + i + ", string should be = " + Arrays.toString(subarr) + ", but is = " + str);
+#if[FP16]
+            String expectedStr = Arrays.toString(toFloat16Array(subarr));
+#else[FP16]
+            String expectedStr = Arrays.toString(subarr);
+#end[FP16]
+            Assert.assertTrue(str.equals(expectedStr), "at index " + i + ", string should be = " + expectedStr + ", but is = " + str);
         }
     }
 

From feb944c6c9396c7aa2b34e70366402d02b42693f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Benjamin Peterson <bpeterson@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 14 Jul 2026 13:29:26 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 216/707] 8387637: Dead code for upwards interpreter stacks

Reviewed-by: coleenp, dholmes, shade
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.hpp     |  2 --
 src/hotspot/cpu/arm/frame_arm.hpp             |  2 --
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.hpp             |  2 --
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/frame_riscv.hpp         |  2 --
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.hpp           |  2 --
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.hpp             |  2 --
 src/hotspot/cpu/zero/frame_zero.hpp           |  2 --
 .../share/interpreter/abstractInterpreter.hpp |  6 ++---
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.cpp           | 25 +++++--------------
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.cpp          |  6 +----
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframeArray.cpp     |  7 +-----
 11 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 47 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.hpp
index ac4740645b8..55a6dde38f5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.hpp
@@ -186,8 +186,6 @@
   // deoptimization support
   void interpreter_frame_set_last_sp(intptr_t* sp);
 
-  static jint interpreter_frame_expression_stack_direction() { return -1; }
-
   // returns the sending frame, without applying any barriers
   inline frame sender_raw(RegisterMap* map) const;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/frame_arm.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/frame_arm.hpp
index 2ef44414e1c..8ca7a555b93 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/frame_arm.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/frame_arm.hpp
@@ -122,6 +122,4 @@
   // helper to update a map with callee-saved FP
   static void update_map_with_saved_link(RegisterMap* map, intptr_t** link_addr);
 
-  static jint interpreter_frame_expression_stack_direction() { return -1; }
-
 #endif // CPU_ARM_FRAME_ARM_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.hpp
index bf49bbb7e01..43d5fd41068 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.hpp
@@ -407,8 +407,6 @@
     align_wiggle                           =  1
   };
 
-  static jint interpreter_frame_expression_stack_direction() { return -1; }
-
   // returns the sending frame, without applying any barriers
   inline frame sender_raw(RegisterMap* map) const;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/frame_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/frame_riscv.hpp
index d5f04ee3ff7..5cf341aa21b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/frame_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/frame_riscv.hpp
@@ -218,8 +218,6 @@
   // deoptimization support
   void interpreter_frame_set_last_sp(intptr_t* last_sp);
 
-  static jint interpreter_frame_expression_stack_direction() { return -1; }
-
   // returns the sending frame, without applying any barriers
   inline frame sender_raw(RegisterMap* map) const;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.hpp
index 36fc5970cd8..8a99bdb8df5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.hpp
@@ -572,8 +572,6 @@
     align_wiggle             =  0
   };
 
-  static jint interpreter_frame_expression_stack_direction() { return -1; }
-
   // returns the sending frame, without applying any barriers
   inline frame sender_raw(RegisterMap* map) const;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.hpp
index d97e6b847b4..50f0c6b7eb6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.hpp
@@ -170,8 +170,6 @@
   // deoptimization support
   void interpreter_frame_set_last_sp(intptr_t* sp);
 
-  static jint interpreter_frame_expression_stack_direction() { return -1; }
-
   // returns the sending frame, without applying any barriers
   inline frame sender_raw(RegisterMap* map) const;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/frame_zero.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/frame_zero.hpp
index 45d1cb82e82..514b134e36b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/frame_zero.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/frame_zero.hpp
@@ -82,8 +82,6 @@
                            char*         buf,
                            int           buflen) const;
 
-  static jint interpreter_frame_expression_stack_direction() { return -1; }
-
   inline address* sender_pc_addr() const;
 
   template <typename RegisterMapT>
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/abstractInterpreter.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/abstractInterpreter.hpp
index 23618cb037e..6c555f0c008 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/abstractInterpreter.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/abstractInterpreter.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -262,8 +262,8 @@ class AbstractInterpreter: AllStatic {
 #endif
 
   // Local values relative to locals[n]
-  static int  local_offset_in_bytes(int n) {
-    return ((frame::interpreter_frame_expression_stack_direction() * n) * stackElementSize);
+  static int local_offset_in_bytes(int n) {
+    return -n * stackElementSize;
   }
 
   // access to stacked values according to type:
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.cpp
index 3e45b6fe310..2b0dd59deba 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.cpp
@@ -500,23 +500,16 @@ intptr_t* frame::interpreter_frame_local_at(int index) const {
 }
 
 intptr_t* frame::interpreter_frame_expression_stack_at(jint offset) const {
-  const int i = offset * interpreter_frame_expression_stack_direction();
-  const int n = i * Interpreter::stackElementWords;
-  return &(interpreter_frame_expression_stack()[n]);
+  const int n = offset * Interpreter::stackElementWords;
+  return interpreter_frame_expression_stack() - n;
 }
 
 jint frame::interpreter_frame_expression_stack_size() const {
   // Number of elements on the interpreter expression stack
   // Callers should span by stackElementWords
   int element_size = Interpreter::stackElementWords;
-  size_t stack_size = 0;
-  if (frame::interpreter_frame_expression_stack_direction() < 0) {
-    stack_size = (interpreter_frame_expression_stack() -
-                  interpreter_frame_tos_address() + 1)/element_size;
-  } else {
-    stack_size = (interpreter_frame_tos_address() -
-                  interpreter_frame_expression_stack() + 1)/element_size;
-  }
+  size_t stack_size = (interpreter_frame_expression_stack() -
+                        interpreter_frame_tos_address() + 1)/element_size;
   assert(stack_size <= (size_t)max_jint, "stack size too big");
   return (jint)stack_size;
 }
@@ -791,14 +784,8 @@ class InterpreterFrameClosure : public OffsetClosure {
     } else {
       addr = (oop*) _fr->interpreter_frame_expression_stack_at((offset - _max_locals));
       // In case of exceptions, the expression stack is invalid and the esp will be reset to express
-      // this condition. Therefore, we call f only if addr is 'inside' the stack (i.e., addr >= esp for Intel).
-      bool in_stack;
-      if (frame::interpreter_frame_expression_stack_direction() > 0) {
-        in_stack = (intptr_t*)addr <= _fr->interpreter_frame_tos_address();
-      } else {
-        in_stack = (intptr_t*)addr >= _fr->interpreter_frame_tos_address();
-      }
-      if (in_stack) {
+      // this condition. Therefore, we call f only if addr is 'inside' the stack (i.e., addr >= esp).
+      if ((intptr_t*)addr >= _fr->interpreter_frame_tos_address()) {
         _f->do_oop(addr);
       }
     }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.cpp
index c9628255e45..02386537004 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.cpp
@@ -318,13 +318,9 @@ static StackValue* create_stack_value_from_oop_map(const InterpreterOopMap& oop_
 static bool is_in_expression_stack(const frame& fr, const intptr_t* const addr) {
   assert(addr != nullptr, "invariant");
 
-  // Ensure to be 'inside' the expression stack (i.e., addr >= sp for Intel).
+  // Ensure to be 'inside' the expression stack (i.e., addr >= sp).
   // In case of exceptions, the expression stack is invalid and the sp
   // will be reset to express this condition.
-  if (frame::interpreter_frame_expression_stack_direction() > 0) {
-    return addr <= fr.interpreter_frame_tos_address();
-  }
-
   return addr >= fr.interpreter_frame_tos_address();
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframeArray.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframeArray.cpp
index 6810d7bb8d3..0885262eefb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframeArray.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframeArray.cpp
@@ -473,12 +473,7 @@ void vframeArrayElement::unpack_on_stack(int caller_actual_parameters,
              "expression stack size should have been extended");
 #endif // ASSERT
       int top_element = iframe()->interpreter_frame_expression_stack_size()-1;
-      intptr_t* base;
-      if (frame::interpreter_frame_expression_stack_direction() < 0) {
-        base = iframe()->interpreter_frame_expression_stack_at(top_element);
-      } else {
-        base = iframe()->interpreter_frame_expression_stack();
-      }
+      intptr_t* base = iframe()->interpreter_frame_expression_stack_at(top_element);
       Copy::conjoint_jbytes(saved_args,
                             base,
                             popframe_preserved_args_size_in_bytes);

From f71c37bdb3370d56e830de2957bdcaf4879c25cb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Mark Powers <mpowers@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 14 Jul 2026 14:47:16 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 217/707] =?UTF-8?q?8358549:=20O(n=C2=B2)=20time=20complexi?=
 =?UTF-8?q?ty=20in=20java.security.Provider.parseLegacy()=20method?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Reviewed-by: mullan, djelinski
---
 .../share/classes/java/security/Provider.java       | 13 ++++++++++---
 .../java/security/Provider/SupportsParameter.java   |  8 +++++---
 2 files changed, 15 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/security/Provider.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/security/Provider.java
index f95caa1d920..e4b6109bfb0 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/security/Provider.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/security/Provider.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -1084,9 +1084,16 @@ private void parseLegacy(String name, String value, OPType opType) {
                 String stdAlg = attrString.substring(0, i).intern();
                 String attrName = attrString.substring(i + 1);
                 // kill additional spaces
-                while (attrName.startsWith(" ")) {
-                    attrName = attrName.substring(1);
+                int pos = 0;
+                for (; pos < attrName.length(); pos++) {
+                    if (attrName.charAt(pos) != ' ') {
+                        break;
+                    }
                 }
+                if (pos > 0) {
+                    attrName = attrName.substring(pos);
+                }
+
                 attrName = attrName.intern();
                 ServiceKey stdKey = new ServiceKey(type, stdAlg, true);
                 Service stdService = legacyMap.get(stdKey);
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/security/Provider/SupportsParameter.java b/test/jdk/java/security/Provider/SupportsParameter.java
index 039fb3d0797..3325ad9680a 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/security/Provider/SupportsParameter.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/security/Provider/SupportsParameter.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /**
  * @test
- * @bug 4911081 8130181
+ * @bug 4911081 8130181 8358549
  * @library /test/lib
  * @summary verify that Provider.Service.supportsParameter() works
  * @author Andreas Sterbenz
@@ -112,7 +112,9 @@ private static class MyProvider extends Provider {
             put("Signature.DSA0", "foo.DSA0");
 
             put("Signature.DSA", "foo.DSA");
-            put("Signature.DSA SupportedKeyClasses",
+            // Extra spaces between "Signature.DSA" and "SupportedKeyClasses"
+            // are used to verify that whitespace is trimmed.
+            put("Signature.DSA    SupportedKeyClasses",
                 "java.security.interfaces.DSAPublicKey" +
                 "|java.security.interfaces.DSAPrivateKey");
 

From e452e6c8b06e7ff3d47d0b3cd6fa8d73eb85b655 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vladimir Ivanov <vlivanov@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 14 Jul 2026 16:13:18 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 218/707] 8374783: C2 compilation asserts with "slice of
 address and input slice don't match"
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Co-authored-by: Vladimir Ivanov <vlivanov@openjdk.org>
Co-authored-by: Roberto Castañeda Lozano <rcastanedalo@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: chagedorn, qamai
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/callGenerator.cpp      |  36 +--
 src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp            |   1 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp            |   8 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp           |   2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/opaquenode.cpp         |   8 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/opaquenode.hpp         |  13 +
 .../TestLateInliningWithSliceNarrowing.java   | 225 ++++++++++++++++++
 7 files changed, 277 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/inlining/TestLateInliningWithSliceNarrowing.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callGenerator.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callGenerator.cpp
index d0b48982b0f..10df25abcb8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callGenerator.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callGenerator.cpp
@@ -717,26 +717,32 @@ void CallGenerator::do_late_inline_helper() {
       C->inline_printer()->record(method(), jvms, InliningResult::SUCCESS, "late inline succeeded");
     }
 
-    // Capture any exceptional control flow
-    GraphKit kit(new_jvms);
-
-    // Find the result object
-    Node* result = C->top();
-    int   result_size = method()->return_type()->size();
-    if (result_size != 0 && !kit.stopped()) {
-      result = (result_size == 1) ? kit.pop() : kit.pop_pair();
-    }
-
-    if (call->is_CallStaticJava() && call->as_CallStaticJava()->is_boxing_method()) {
-      result = kit.must_be_not_null(result, false);
-    }
-
     if (inline_cg()->is_inline()) {
       C->set_has_loops(C->has_loops() || inline_cg()->method()->has_loops());
       C->env()->notice_inlined_method(inline_cg()->method());
     }
     C->set_inlining_progress(true);
-    C->set_do_cleanup(kit.stopped()); // path is dead; needs cleanup
+
+    // Find the result object and capture any exceptional control flow.
+    GraphKit kit(new_jvms);
+    Node* result = C->top();
+
+    assert(!C->do_cleanup(), "already set");
+    if (kit.stopped()) {
+      C->set_do_cleanup(true); // path is dead; needs cleanup
+    } else {
+      result = kit.pop_node(method()->return_type()->basic_type());
+      if (result != C->top() && !result_not_used) {
+        if (call->is_CallStaticJava() &&
+            call->as_CallStaticJava()->is_boxing_method()) {
+          result = kit.must_be_not_null(result, false);
+        }
+        // Limit result type propagation until next IGVN cleanup.
+        const Type* result_type = kit.gvn().type(callprojs.resproj);
+        result = kit.gvn().transform(new OpaqueParseNode(C, result, result_type));
+      }
+    }
+
     kit.replace_call(call, result, true, do_asserts);
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp
index 4d06e20875a..53a72f979db 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp
@@ -288,6 +288,7 @@ macro(OpaqueZeroTripGuard)
 macro(OpaqueConstantBool)
 macro(OpaqueInitializedAssertionPredicate)
 macro(OpaqueTemplateAssertionPredicate)
+macro(OpaqueParse)
 macro(PowD)
 macro(ProfileBoolean)
 macro(OrI)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
index e5f91875516..0c7083ed723 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
@@ -2051,10 +2051,13 @@ void Compile::inline_string_calls(bool parse_time) {
     _late_inlines_pos = _late_inlines.length();
   }
 
+  assert(!do_cleanup(), "already set");
+
   while (_string_late_inlines.length() > 0) {
     CallGenerator* cg = _string_late_inlines.pop();
     cg->do_late_inline();
     if (failing())  return;
+    set_do_cleanup(false); // ignore and reset
   }
   _string_late_inlines.trunc_to(0);
 }
@@ -2070,10 +2073,13 @@ void Compile::inline_boxing_calls(PhaseIterGVN& igvn) {
 
     _late_inlines_pos = _late_inlines.length();
 
+    assert(!do_cleanup(), "already set");
+
     while (_boxing_late_inlines.length() > 0) {
       CallGenerator* cg = _boxing_late_inlines.pop();
       cg->do_late_inline();
       if (failing())  return;
+      set_do_cleanup(false); // ignore and reset
     }
     _boxing_late_inlines.trunc_to(0);
 
@@ -2647,12 +2653,14 @@ void Compile::check_no_dead_use() const {
 #endif
 
 void Compile::inline_vector_reboxing_calls() {
+  assert(!do_cleanup(), "already set");
   if (C->_vector_reboxing_late_inlines.length() > 0) {
     _late_inlines_pos = C->_late_inlines.length();
     while (_vector_reboxing_late_inlines.length() > 0) {
       CallGenerator* cg = _vector_reboxing_late_inlines.pop();
       cg->do_late_inline();
       if (failing())  return;
+      assert(!do_cleanup(), "should not be set");
       print_method(PHASE_INLINE_VECTOR_REBOX, 3, cg->call_node());
     }
     _vector_reboxing_late_inlines.trunc_to(0);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp
index d371dfb2e32..ef160ac6f1a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp
@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@ class GraphKit : public Phase {
     int n_size = type2size[n_type];
     if      (n_size == 1)  return pop();
     else if (n_size == 2)  return pop_pair();
-    else                   return nullptr;
+    else                   return C->top();
   }
 
   Node* control()               const { return map_not_null()->control(); }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/opaquenode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/opaquenode.cpp
index 428379e84ae..a3b50d269fb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/opaquenode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/opaquenode.cpp
@@ -183,6 +183,14 @@ void OpaqueInitializedAssertionPredicateNode::dump_spec(outputStream* st) const
 }
 #endif // NOT PRODUCT
 
+// Do NOT remove the opaque node until subsequent IGVN pass.
+Node* OpaqueParseNode::Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) {
+  if (phase->is_IterGVN()) {
+    return in(1);
+  }
+  return this;
+}
+
 uint ProfileBooleanNode::hash() const { return NO_HASH; }
 bool ProfileBooleanNode::cmp( const Node &n ) const {
   return (&n == this);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/opaquenode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/opaquenode.hpp
index bb3da2aa65f..7ec7e23144a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/opaquenode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/opaquenode.hpp
@@ -258,6 +258,19 @@ class OpaqueInitializedAssertionPredicateNode : public Node {
   NOT_PRODUCT(void dump_spec(outputStream* st) const);
 };
 
+// The node is used during late inlining to limit type propagation between cleanup phases.
+// It avoids type paradoxes caused by divergence between recorded type and IR shapes
+// during successive late inlining attempts.
+class OpaqueParseNode : public TypeNode {
+ public:
+  OpaqueParseNode(Compile* C, Node* n, const Type* t) : TypeNode(t, 2) {
+    init_req(1, n);
+    C->record_for_igvn(this);
+  }
+  virtual int Opcode() const;
+  virtual Node* Identity(PhaseGVN* phase);
+};
+
 //------------------------------ProfileBooleanNode-------------------------------
 // A node represents value profile for a boolean during parsing.
 // Once parsing is over, the node goes away (during IGVN).
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/inlining/TestLateInliningWithSliceNarrowing.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/inlining/TestLateInliningWithSliceNarrowing.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fbae0454d07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/inlining/TestLateInliningWithSliceNarrowing.java
@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.inlining;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8374783
+ * @summary Test that address type refinements after an incremental inlining
+ *          step are propagated by IGVN before the next step. Failing to
+ *          propagate such refinements could lead to slice mismatches between
+ *          field-derived and IGVN-recorded address types when parsing bytecode
+ *          in subsequent inlining steps.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch
+                     -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test*
+                     -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,${test.main.class}::notInlined*
+                     -XX:CompileCommand=delayinline,${test.main.class}::late*
+                     ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+class A {
+    int f;
+}
+
+public class TestLateInliningWithSliceNarrowing {
+
+    private static Unsafe UNSAFE = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
+    private static final long F_OFFSET;
+    private static final long INT_ARRAY_OFFSET;
+
+    static {
+        try {
+            Field fField = A.class.getDeclaredField("f");
+            F_OFFSET = UNSAFE.objectFieldOffset(fField);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+        INT_ARRAY_OFFSET = UNSAFE.arrayBaseOffset(int[].class);
+    }
+
+    static A notInlinedId(A a) {
+        return a;
+    }
+
+    static long lateOffset() {
+        return F_OFFSET;
+    }
+
+    static long lateOffsetMinusFour() {
+        return F_OFFSET - 4;
+    }
+
+    static long lateOffsetDividedByTwo() {
+        return F_OFFSET / 2;
+    }
+
+    static long lateArrayOffset() {
+        return INT_ARRAY_OFFSET;
+    }
+
+    static void lateStore(A a) {
+        a.f = 42;
+    }
+
+    static void lateArrayStore(int[] a) {
+        a[0] = 42;
+    }
+
+    static int lateLoad(A a) {
+        return a.f;
+    }
+
+    static Object lateBase(A a) {
+        return a;
+    }
+
+    // Test that when lateStore() is inlined, the IGVN-recorded type of the
+    // accessed memory address (captured by an AddP) has been updated to reflect
+    // the compiler-known offset discovered by inlining lateOffset(). Failure to
+    // do so leads to a slice mismatch when parsing the inlined store.
+    static int testLoadFromLateDiscoveredOffsetThenStoreAtConstOffset(A a) {
+        long o = lateOffset();
+        int val = UNSAFE.getInt(a, o);
+        lateStore(a);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    // Test that when lateLoad() is inlined, the IGVN-recorded type of the
+    // accessed memory address (captured by an AddP) has been updated to reflect
+    // the compiler-known offset discovered by inlining lateOffset(). Failure to
+    // do so leads to a slice mismatch when parsing the inlined load.
+    static int testLoadFromLateDiscoveredOffsetThenLoadFromConstOffset(A a) {
+        long o = lateOffset();
+        int val = UNSAFE.getInt(a, o);
+        lateLoad(a);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    // Test a variation of the above where lateOffsetMinusFour() is not used
+    // directly by an AddP node. This test does not require updating the
+    // IGVN-recorded type of the accessed memory address for correctness,
+    // because lateStore() does not reuse the corresponding AddP node.
+    static int testLoadFromLateDiscoveredOffsetPlusFourThenStoreAtConstOffset(A a) {
+        long o = lateOffsetMinusFour();
+        int val = UNSAFE.getInt(a, o + 4);
+        lateStore(a);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    // Test a variation of the above using a different arithmetic operation,
+    // with the same expectations.
+    static int testLoadFromLateDiscoveredOffsetTimesTwoThenStoreAtConstOffset(A a) {
+        long o = lateOffsetDividedByTwo();
+        int val = UNSAFE.getInt(a, o * 2);
+        lateStore(a);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    // Test a variation of the first test where failing to update the
+    // IGVN-recorded type of the accessed memory address would result in a slice
+    // mismatch that will lead to an incorrect memory graph (the memory input of
+    // the last load would bypass the memory output of the store).
+    static int testLoadFromLateDiscoveredOffsetThenStoreAtConstOffsetThenReloadFromConstOffset(A a) {
+        A a2 = notInlinedId(a);
+        long o = lateOffset();
+        int val = UNSAFE.getInt(a, o);
+        lateStore(a);
+        return a2.f + val;
+    }
+
+    // Test a variation of the first test where the offset is compiler-known
+    // from the beginning, but the unsafe base address is only discovered by
+    // inlining lateBase(). This variation does not require a cleanup between
+    // the late inlining of lateBase() and lateLoad() for correctness: a slice
+    // mismatch cannot occur because the memory access within lateLoad() does
+    // not reuse the same address node (AddP) as the unsafe load. The unsafe
+    // load address node is not reusable by the lateLoad() access because it is
+    // obscured by casts by the time lateLoad() is late inlined. Making the
+    // address node reusable by both loads would require a cleanup round, which
+    // would prevent the mismatch from happening in the first place.
+    static int testLoadFromLateDiscoveredBaseThenLoadFromKnownBase(A a) {
+        Object obj = lateBase(a);
+        int val = UNSAFE.getInt(obj, F_OFFSET);
+        lateLoad(a);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    // Test a variation of the first test using an array instead of a class
+    // instance. No slice mismatch occurs because the address types for both
+    // memory accesses lead to the same slice, regardless of whether the offset
+    // is compiler-known.
+    static int testArrayLoadFromLateDiscoveredOffsetThenStoreAtConstOffset(int[] a) {
+        long o = lateArrayOffset();
+        int val = UNSAFE.getInt(a, o);
+        lateArrayStore(a);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; i++) {
+            {
+                A a = new A();
+                int result = testLoadFromLateDiscoveredOffsetThenStoreAtConstOffset(a);
+                Asserts.assertEquals(0, result);
+            }
+            {
+                A a = new A();
+                int result = testLoadFromLateDiscoveredOffsetThenLoadFromConstOffset(a);
+                Asserts.assertEquals(0, result);
+            }
+            {
+                A a = new A();
+                int result = testLoadFromLateDiscoveredOffsetPlusFourThenStoreAtConstOffset(a);
+                Asserts.assertEquals(0, result);
+            }
+            {
+                A a = new A();
+                int result = testLoadFromLateDiscoveredOffsetTimesTwoThenStoreAtConstOffset(a);
+                Asserts.assertEquals(0, result);
+            }
+            {
+                A a = new A();
+                int result = testLoadFromLateDiscoveredOffsetThenStoreAtConstOffsetThenReloadFromConstOffset(a);
+                Asserts.assertEquals(42, result);
+            }
+            {
+                A a = new A();
+                int result = testLoadFromLateDiscoveredBaseThenLoadFromKnownBase(a);
+                Asserts.assertEquals(0, result);
+            }
+            {
+                int[] a = new int[1];
+                int result = testArrayLoadFromLateDiscoveredOffsetThenStoreAtConstOffset(a);
+                Asserts.assertEquals(0, result);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

From 499a25b2d05194461c2a4ed1d7bdb745b115f98f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Quan Anh Mai <qamai@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 14 Jul 2026 16:47:49 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 219/707] 8386503: C2: assert(adr_type == nullptr ||
 adr_type->isa_aryptr() != nullptr) failed: unexpected type-unsafe store

Reviewed-by: epeter, vlivanov
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp            |   9 +-
 .../parsing/TestTypeUnsafeFieldStore.java     | 240 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 246 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/parsing/TestTypeUnsafeFieldStore.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
index 00ccb3e3dbc..165eb9e430c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
@@ -1290,9 +1290,12 @@ Node* MemNode::can_see_stored_value(Node* st, PhaseValues* phase) const {
         return res;
       }
 
-      // Type-unsafe stores must be due to array polymorphism
-      const TypePtr* adr_type = this->adr_type();
-      assert(adr_type == nullptr || adr_type->isa_aryptr() != nullptr, "unexpected type-unsafe store");
+      // There are some cases in which the Type of the load is narrower than the Type of the value
+      // that is stored into that location. The most common case is array polymorphism, when the
+      // type of an array element depends on the type of the array. In addition, there are some
+      // corner cases, the first one is concurrent class loading, when CHA can result in a narrower
+      // Type than what is declared only after the child class is loaded, and the second case is
+      // unsafe accesses when we do not check for type safety. See JDK-8388184.
       return nullptr;
     }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/parsing/TestTypeUnsafeFieldStore.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/parsing/TestTypeUnsafeFieldStore.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d6bd097eec0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/parsing/TestTypeUnsafeFieldStore.java
@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package compiler.parsing;
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8386503
+ * @summary Test load folding from a field store with a less precise type
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::test*
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=inline,${test.main.class}::inline*
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+public class TestTypeUnsafeFieldStore {
+    private static final Unsafe UNSAFE = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
+    private static final WhiteBox WHITE_BOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+    private static volatile Throwable failure;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        for (int i = 0; i <= 10; i++) {
+            testConcurrentClassLoading(i);
+        }
+        Holder h = new Holder();
+        Integer obj = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20000; i++) {
+            testUnsafeAccess(h, obj);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // It's hard to coordinate the compiler thread with the thread that load the child class, so we
+    // randomly delay one of the threads
+    private static void testConcurrentClassLoading(int idx) throws Exception {
+        var parentClass = Class.forName("compiler.parsing.TestTypeUnsafeFieldStore$P" + idx);
+        var testMethod = TestTypeUnsafeFieldStore.class.getDeclaredMethod("testMethod" + idx, parentClass);
+        Thread compiler = new Thread(() -> {
+            try {
+                if (idx < 5) {
+                    Thread.sleep((5 - idx) * 10L);
+                }
+                WHITE_BOX.markMethodProfiled(testMethod);
+                if (!WHITE_BOX.enqueueMethodForCompilation(testMethod, 4)) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Could not enqueue the test method for C2 compilation");
+                }
+                while (WHITE_BOX.isMethodQueuedForCompilation(testMethod)) {
+                    Thread.yield();
+                }
+            } catch (Throwable t) {
+                failure = t;
+            }
+        });
+        compiler.start();
+        if (idx > 5) {
+            Thread.sleep((idx - 5) * 10L);
+        }
+        Class.forName("compiler.parsing.TestTypeUnsafeFieldStore$C" + idx);
+        compiler.join();
+        if (failure != null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(failure);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static Integer testUnsafeAccess(Holder h, Object obj) {
+        UNSAFE.putReference(h, Holder.V_OFFSET, obj);
+        return h.v;
+    }
+
+    private static class Holder {
+        private static final long V_OFFSET = UNSAFE.objectFieldOffset(Holder.class, "v");
+        Integer v;
+    }
+
+    // When the compiler parses the store, C has not been loaded, so obj is of type P. However,
+    // when the compiler parses the load, C has been loaded and is observed to be the unique
+    // concrete subclass of P, so the result of the load is of type C. Folding the load to obj will
+    // drop this information, thus is incorrect.
+    private static abstract class P0 {}
+    private static class C0 extends P0 {}
+    private static P0 staticField0;
+    private static P0 testMethod0(P0 obj) {
+        staticField0 = obj;
+        inline0();
+        return staticField0;
+    }
+
+    private static abstract class P1 {}
+    private static class C1 extends P1 {}
+    private static P1 staticField1;
+    private static P1 testMethod1(P1 obj) {
+        staticField1 = obj;
+        inline0();
+        return staticField1;
+    }
+
+    private static abstract class P2 {}
+    private static class C2 extends P2 {}
+    private static P2 staticField2;
+    private static P2 testMethod2(P2 obj) {
+        staticField2 = obj;
+        inline0();
+        return staticField2;
+    }
+
+    private static abstract class P3 {}
+    private static class C3 extends P3 {}
+    private static P3 staticField3;
+    private static P3 testMethod3(P3 obj) {
+        staticField3 = obj;
+        inline0();
+        return staticField3;
+    }
+
+    private static abstract class P4 {}
+    private static class C4 extends P4 {}
+    private static P4 staticField4;
+    private static P4 testMethod4(P4 obj) {
+        staticField4 = obj;
+        inline0();
+        return staticField4;
+    }
+
+    private static abstract class P5 {}
+    private static class C5 extends P5 {}
+    private static P5 staticField5;
+    private static P5 testMethod5(P5 obj) {
+        staticField5 = obj;
+        inline0();
+        return staticField5;
+    }
+
+    private static abstract class P6 {}
+    private static class C6 extends P6 {}
+    private static P6 staticField6;
+    private static P6 testMethod6(P6 obj) {
+        staticField6 = obj;
+        inline0();
+        return staticField6;
+    }
+
+    private static abstract class P7 {}
+    private static class C7 extends P7 {}
+    private static P7 staticField7;
+    private static P7 testMethod7(P7 obj) {
+        staticField7 = obj;
+        inline0();
+        return staticField7;
+    }
+
+    private static abstract class P8 {}
+    private static class C8 extends P8 {}
+    private static P8 staticField8;
+    private static P8 testMethod8(P8 obj) {
+        staticField8 = obj;
+        inline0();
+        return staticField8;
+    }
+
+    private static abstract class P9 {}
+    private static class C9 extends P9 {}
+    private static P9 staticField9;
+    private static P9 testMethod9(P9 obj) {
+        staticField9 = obj;
+        inline0();
+        return staticField9;
+    }
+
+    private static abstract class P10 {}
+    private static class C10 extends P10 {}
+    private static P10 staticField10;
+    private static P10 testMethod10(P10 obj) {
+        staticField10 = obj;
+        inline0();
+        return staticField10;
+    }
+
+    private static void inline0() {
+        inline1();
+        inline1();
+        inline1();
+        inline1();
+    }
+
+    private static void inline1() {
+        inline2();
+        inline2();
+        inline2();
+        inline2();
+    }
+
+    private static void inline2() {
+        inline3();
+        inline3();
+        inline3();
+        inline3();
+    }
+
+    private static void inline3() {
+        inline4();
+        inline4();
+        inline4();
+        inline4();
+    }
+
+    private static void inline4() {
+        inline5();
+        inline5();
+        inline5();
+        inline5();
+    }
+
+    private static void inline5() {}
+}

From 5d24cecccd9d39d22c9d736b0f5283c49d8bc440 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Albert Mingkun Yang <ayang@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 14 Jul 2026 17:25:01 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 220/707] 8387048:
 NMTCommittedVirtualMemoryTracker.test_committed_virtualmemory_region_vm fails
 due to found_stack_top

Reviewed-by: rtoyonaga, stuefe
---
 .../gtest/runtime/test_committed_virtualmemory.cpp | 14 ++++++--------
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_committed_virtualmemory.cpp b/test/hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_committed_virtualmemory.cpp
index 5d475d2f955..fcc1354c773 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_committed_virtualmemory.cpp
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_committed_virtualmemory.cpp
@@ -58,16 +58,15 @@ class CommittedVirtualMemoryTest {
     address i_addr = (address)&i;
     bool found_i_addr = false;
 
-    // stack grows downward
+    // Stack grows downward.
     address stack_top = stack_end + stack_size;
-    bool found_stack_top = false;
     {
       MemTracker::NmtVirtualMemoryLocker vml;
+      // For thread stacks, this historically named API visits resident ranges.
+      // Not all committed pages have to be resident.
       VirtualMemoryTracker::Instance::tree()->visit_committed_regions(rgn_found, [&](const VirtualMemoryRegion& rgn) {
-        if (rgn.base() + rgn.size() == stack_top) {
-          EXPECT_TRUE(rgn.size() <= stack_size);
-          found_stack_top = true;
-        }
+        EXPECT_GE(rgn.base(), stack_end);
+        EXPECT_LE(rgn.end(), stack_top);
         if (i_addr < stack_top && i_addr >= rgn.base()) {
           found_i_addr = true;
         }
@@ -76,10 +75,9 @@ class CommittedVirtualMemoryTest {
       });
     }
 
-    // stack and guard pages may be contiguous as one region
+    // Stack and guard pages may be contiguous as one region.
     ASSERT_TRUE(i >= 1);
     ASSERT_TRUE(found_i_addr);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(found_stack_top);
   }
 
   static const int PAGE_CONTAINED_IN_RANGE_TAG = -1;

From 0efadf5f5401e1b3f7230c19e832d0acb35bd9d0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 14 Jul 2026 17:58:31 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 221/707] 8388139: Shenandoah: -XX:+VerifyOops fails on
 forwarded objects with COH

Reviewed-by: wkemper, xpeng
---
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp | 26 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.hpp |  1 +
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_ppc.cpp     | 20 ++++++++++++++
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_ppc.hpp     |  2 ++
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp   | 26 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.hpp   |  1 +
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp     | 26 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.hpp     |  1 +
 8 files changed, 103 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 7406aa0c1c4..19c82ed77ef 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -420,6 +420,32 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(MacroAssembl
   __ bind(done);
 }
 
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Label& L_error) {
+  // Check if the oop is in the right area of memory
+  __ mov(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_mask());
+  __ andr(tmp1, obj, tmp2);
+  __ mov(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_bits());
+
+  // Compare tmp1 and tmp2.  We don't use a compare
+  // instruction here because the flags register is live.
+  __ eor(tmp1, tmp1, tmp2);
+  __ cbnz(tmp1, L_error);
+
+  // This routine is sometimes called before applying GC barriers.
+  // With +COH, loading the klass may end up loading forwarding pointer instead.
+  Label L_skip;
+  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+    Address gc_state(rthread, in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::gc_state_offset()));
+    __ ldrb(tmp1, gc_state);
+    __ tbnz(tmp1, ShenandoahHeap::HAS_FORWARDED_BITPOS, L_skip);
+  }
+
+  // Make sure klass is 'reasonable', which is not zero.
+  __ load_narrow_klass(tmp1, obj);
+  __ cbz(tmp1, L_error);
+  __ bind(L_skip);
+}
+
 void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::gen_write_ref_array_post_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators,
                                                                      Register start, Register count, Register scratch) {
   assert(ShenandoahCardBarrier, "Should have been checked by caller");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.hpp
index d25dd8871f9..62273a44da2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.hpp
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ class ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler: public BarrierSetAssembler {
                                              Register obj, Register tmp, Label& slowpath);
   virtual void try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(MacroAssembler* masm, Register weak_handle, Register obj,
                                                Register tmp, Label& slow_path);
+  virtual void check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Label& L_error);
 
 #ifdef COMPILER1
   void keepalive_barrier_c1_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierStub* stub);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_ppc.cpp
index b17f0f924ae..7dbb0182266 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_ppc.cpp
@@ -659,6 +659,26 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(MacroAssembl
   __ block_comment("} try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod (shenandoahgc)");
 }
 
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler *masm, Register obj, const char* msg) {
+  if (!VerifyOops) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  __ mr(R0, obj);
+
+  // This routine is sometimes called before applying GC barriers.
+  // With +COH, verification can touch the klass that may end up loading forwarding pointer instead.
+  Label L_skip;
+  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+    __ lbz(R0, in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::gc_state_offset()), R16_thread);
+    __ andi_(R0, R0, ShenandoahHeap::HAS_FORWARDED);
+    __ bne(CR0, L_skip);
+  }
+
+  __ verify_oop(R0, msg);
+  __ bind(L_skip);
+}
+
 void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::gen_write_ref_array_post_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators,
                                                                      Register addr, Register count, Register preserve) {
   assert(ShenandoahCardBarrier, "Should have been checked by caller");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_ppc.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_ppc.hpp
index 8d741e6104b..0784c8b7148 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_ppc.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_ppc.hpp
@@ -125,6 +125,8 @@ class ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler: public BarrierSetAssembler {
   virtual void try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(MacroAssembler* masm, Register weak_handle, Register obj,
                                                Register tmp, Label& slow_path);
 
+  virtual void check_oop(MacroAssembler *masm, Register obj, const char* msg);
+
 #ifdef COMPILER2
   // Entry points from Matcher
   void load_c2(const MachNode* node, MacroAssembler* masm, Register dst, Register addr, int disp, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, bool narrow, bool acquire);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
index 574c70c8ea4..d7cfcb11205 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -433,6 +433,32 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(MacroAssembl
   __ bind(done);
 }
 
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Label& L_error) {
+  // Check if the oop is in the right area of memory
+  __ mv(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_mask());
+  __ andr(tmp1, obj, tmp2);
+  __ mv(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_bits());
+
+  // Compare tmp1 and tmp2.
+  __ bne(tmp1, tmp2, L_error);
+
+  // This routine is sometimes called before applying GC barriers.
+  // With +COH, loading the klass may end up loading forwarding pointer instead.
+  Label L_skip;
+  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+    Address gc_state(xthread, ShenandoahThreadLocalData::gc_state_offset());
+    __ lbu(tmp1, gc_state);
+    __ test_bit(tmp1, tmp1, ShenandoahHeap::HAS_FORWARDED_BITPOS);
+    __ bnez(tmp1, L_skip);
+  }
+
+  // Make sure klass is 'reasonable', which is not zero.
+  __ load_narrow_klass(tmp1, obj);
+  __ beqz(tmp1, L_error);
+
+  __ bind(L_skip);
+}
+
 void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::gen_write_ref_array_post_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators,
                                                                      Register start, Register count, Register tmp) {
   assert(ShenandoahCardBarrier, "Did you mean to enable ShenandoahCardBarrier?");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.hpp
index ecb63e68a01..eb8ac653e2e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.hpp
@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ class ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler: public BarrierSetAssembler {
                                              Register obj, Register tmp, Label& slowpath);
   virtual void try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(MacroAssembler* masm, Register weak_handle, Register obj,
                                                Register tmp, Label& slow_path);
+  virtual void check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Label& L_error);
 
 #ifdef COMPILER1
   void keepalive_barrier_c1_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierStub* stub);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
index bdb98d4b4c0..9ee1d2c0704 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -507,6 +507,32 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(MacroAssembl
   __ bind(done);
 }
 
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Label& L_error) {
+  // Check if the oop is in the right area of memory
+  __ movptr(tmp1, obj);
+  __ movptr(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_mask());
+  __ andptr(tmp1, tmp2);
+  __ movptr(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_bits());
+  __ cmpptr(tmp1, tmp2);
+  __ jcc(Assembler::notZero, L_error);
+
+  // This routine is sometimes called before applying GC barriers.
+  // With +COH, loading the klass may end up loading forwarding pointer instead.
+  Label L_skip;
+  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+    Address gc_state(r15_thread, ShenandoahThreadLocalData::gc_state_offset());
+    __ testb(gc_state, ShenandoahHeap::HAS_FORWARDED);
+    __ jcc(Assembler::notZero, L_skip);
+  }
+
+  // Make sure klass is 'reasonable', which is not zero.
+  __ load_narrow_klass(tmp1, obj);
+  __ testl(tmp1, tmp1);
+  __ jcc(Assembler::zero, L_error);
+
+  __ bind(L_skip);
+}
+
 #ifdef PRODUCT
 #define BLOCK_COMMENT(str) /* nothing */
 #else
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.hpp
index 7f417d3c262..7c1a89b74f5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.hpp
@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ class ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler: public BarrierSetAssembler {
   virtual void try_resolve_jobject_in_native(MacroAssembler* masm, Register jni_env,
                                              Register obj, Register tmp, Label& slowpath);
   virtual void try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(MacroAssembler* masm, Register weak_handle, Register obj, Label& slowpath);
+  virtual void check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Label& L_error);
 
 #ifdef COMPILER1
   void keepalive_barrier_c1_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce, ShenandoahKeepaliveBarrierStub* stub);

From 189dde7dfe55ba6c41eda9e7020abdfb50638935 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: William Kemper <wkemper@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 14 Jul 2026 18:42:48 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 222/707] 8388173: Shenandoah: Overly strict assertion failure
 in CAS barrier

Reviewed-by: shade, xpeng
---
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp  | 9 ++++-----
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
index 9ee1d2c0704..480e484f4b1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -705,10 +705,9 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::compare_and_set_c2(const MachNode* node, Mac
 
   assert(oldval == rax, "must be in rax for implicit use in cmpxchg");
 
-  // Oldval and newval can be in the same register, but all other registers should be
-  // distinct for extra safety, as we shuffle register values around.
-  assert_different_registers(oldval, tmp, addr.base(), addr.index());
-  assert_different_registers(newval, tmp, addr.base(), addr.index());
+  // Oldval and newval cannot be clobbered by aliasing with tmp.
+  assert_different_registers(oldval, tmp);
+  assert_different_registers(newval, tmp);
 
   ShenandoahBarrierStubC2::load_store_pre(masm, node, addr, tmp, noreg, noreg, narrow);
 
@@ -729,7 +728,7 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::compare_and_set_c2(const MachNode* node, Mac
 }
 
 void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::get_and_set_c2(const MachNode* node, MacroAssembler* masm, Register newval, Address addr, Register tmp, bool narrow) {
-  assert_different_registers(newval, tmp, addr.base(), addr.index());
+  assert_different_registers(newval, tmp);
 
   ShenandoahBarrierStubC2::load_store_pre(masm, node, addr, tmp, noreg, noreg, narrow);
 

From fe430ad121464d731402ef4add6d57dadffe723e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vladimir Ivanov <vlivanov@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 14 Jul 2026 19:14:06 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 223/707] 8387940: C2: Stress allocation elimination failures

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, kvn, qamai
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp         |  8 +++
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp            |  3 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp              | 26 ++++---
 .../compiler/arguments/TestStressOptions.java |  6 +-
 .../StressEliminateAllocationsIRTest.java     | 67 +++++++++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 100 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/StressEliminateAllocationsIRTest.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
index cbe149fd01a..9ff88e8c310 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
@@ -601,6 +601,14 @@
           "Number of fields in instance limit for scalar replacement")      \
           range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                             \
+  product(bool, StressEliminateAllocations, false, DIAGNOSTIC,              \
+          "Randomly fail allocation elimination attempts")                  \
+                                                                            \
+  product(uint, StressEliminateAllocationsMean, 20, DIAGNOSTIC,             \
+          "The expected number of elimination checks made until "           \
+          "a random failure.")                                              \
+          range(1, max_juint)                                               \
+                                                                            \
   product(bool, OptimizePtrCompare, true,                                   \
           "Use escape analysis to optimize pointers compare")               \
                                                                             \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
index 0c7083ed723..93d8e4c425d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
@@ -748,7 +748,8 @@ Compile::Compile(ciEnv* ci_env, ciMethod* target, int osr_bci,
   if (StressLCM || StressGCM || StressIGVN || StressCCP ||
       StressIncrementalInlining || StressMacroExpansion ||
       StressMacroElimination || StressUnstableIfTraps ||
-      StressBailout || StressLoopPeeling || StressCountedLoop) {
+      StressBailout || StressLoopPeeling || StressCountedLoop ||
+      StressEliminateAllocations) {
     initialize_stress_seed(directive);
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp
index 0ee073e8b06..a4d03970fcf 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp
@@ -931,7 +931,9 @@ SafePointScalarObjectNode* PhaseMacroExpand::create_scalarized_object_descriptio
 
     // We weren't able to find a value for this field,
     // give up on eliminating this allocation.
-    if (field_val == nullptr) {
+    bool force_scalarization_failure = StressEliminateAllocations &&
+                                       (C->random() % StressEliminateAllocationsMean == 0);
+    if (field_val == nullptr || force_scalarization_failure) {
       uint last = sfpt->req() - 1;
       for (int k = 0;  k < j; k++) {
         sfpt->del_req(last--);
@@ -940,13 +942,21 @@ SafePointScalarObjectNode* PhaseMacroExpand::create_scalarized_object_descriptio
 
 #ifndef PRODUCT
       if (PrintEliminateAllocations) {
-        if (field != nullptr) {
-          tty->print("=== At SafePoint node %d can't find value of field: ", sfpt->_idx);
-          field->print();
-          int field_idx = C->get_alias_index(field_addr_type);
-          tty->print(" (alias_idx=%d)", field_idx);
-        } else { // Array's element
-          tty->print("=== At SafePoint node %d can't find value of array element [%d]", sfpt->_idx, j);
+        tty->print("=== At SafePoint node %d ", sfpt->_idx);
+        if (field_val == nullptr) {
+          tty->print_raw("can't find value of ");
+
+          if (field != nullptr) {
+            tty->print_raw("field: ");
+            field->print();
+            int field_idx = C->get_alias_index(field_addr_type);
+            tty->print(" (alias_idx=%d)", field_idx);
+          } else { // Array's element
+            tty->print("array element [%d]", j);
+          }
+        } else {
+          assert(force_scalarization_failure, "sanity");
+          tty->print_raw("forcibly abort elimination");
         }
         tty->print(", which prevents elimination of: ");
         if (res == nullptr)
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arguments/TestStressOptions.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arguments/TestStressOptions.java
index 534ec9d2d97..99cf06110d6 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arguments/TestStressOptions.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arguments/TestStressOptions.java
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 /*
  * @test
  * @key stress randomness
- * @bug 8252219 8256535 8317349 8319879 8335334 8325478
+ * @bug 8252219 8256535 8317349 8319879 8335334 8325478 8387940
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
  * @summary Tests that different combinations of stress options and
  *          -XX:StressSeed=N are accepted.
@@ -60,6 +60,10 @@
  *      compiler.arguments.TestStressOptions
  * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+StressMacroElimination -XX:StressSeed=42
  *      compiler.arguments.TestStressOptions
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+StressEliminateAllocations
+ *      compiler.arguments.TestStressOptions
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+StressEliminateAllocations -XX:StressSeed=42
+ *      compiler.arguments.TestStressOptions
  */
 
 package compiler.arguments;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/StressEliminateAllocationsIRTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/StressEliminateAllocationsIRTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b97847b9b28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/StressEliminateAllocationsIRTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8387940
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @summary C2: Stress allocation elimination failures
+ *
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.escapeAnalysis;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+
+public class StressEliminateAllocationsIRTest {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestFramework.runWithFlags("-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                                   "-XX:+StressEliminateAllocations",
+                                   "-XX:StressEliminateAllocationsMean=1");
+    }
+
+    static class A {
+        final int i;
+        A(int i) {
+            this.i = i;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.ALLOC, "1"})
+    @Arguments(values = Argument.NUMBER_42)
+    private static int test(int i) {
+        // Even though the object is scalar replaceable,
+        // allocation elimination unconditionally fails in stress mode.
+        A a = new A(i);
+
+        dontInline();
+
+        return a.i;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    private static void dontInline() {}
+}

From 0381286adedbd7daf1eb01a820ad8179dbb7da15 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Hai-May Chao <hchao@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 14 Jul 2026 20:46:53 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 224/707] 8376748: Emit runtime warnings for JCE algorithms
 that will be disabled

Reviewed-by: mullan
---
 .../share/classes/java/security/KeyStore.java | 128 +++++++--
 .../classes/java/security/MessageDigest.java  |  75 ++++-
 .../classes/java/security/Signature.java      |  74 ++++-
 .../share/classes/javax/crypto/Cipher.java    |  81 +++++-
 .../util/CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.java      |  94 +++++--
 .../share/conf/security/java.security         |  35 ++-
 .../KeyStore/TestLegacyAlgorithms.java        | 259 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../MessageDigest/TestLegacyAlgorithms.java   | 212 ++++++++++++++
 .../Signature/TestLegacyAlgorithms.java       | 212 ++++++++++++++
 .../crypto/Cipher/TestLegacyAlgorithms.java   | 221 +++++++++++++++
 10 files changed, 1312 insertions(+), 79 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/java/security/KeyStore/TestLegacyAlgorithms.java
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/java/security/MessageDigest/TestLegacyAlgorithms.java
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/java/security/Signature/TestLegacyAlgorithms.java
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/javax/crypto/Cipher/TestLegacyAlgorithms.java

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/security/KeyStore.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/security/KeyStore.java
index 434aa57e3ac..f7adfcbcd62 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/security/KeyStore.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/security/KeyStore.java
@@ -37,6 +37,9 @@
 import javax.security.auth.DestroyFailedException;
 import javax.security.auth.callback.*;
 
+import jdk.internal.reflect.CallerSensitive;
+import jdk.internal.reflect.Reflection;
+
 import sun.security.util.Debug;
 import sun.security.util.CryptoAlgorithmConstraints;
 
@@ -854,8 +857,18 @@ private String getProviderName() {
      * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
      * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
      * if the specified keystore type is allowed. If the
-     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} is set, it supersedes
-     * the security property value.
+     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * </li>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms}
+     * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
+     * if the specified keystore type is considered legacy.
+     * If so, a warning is emitted at runtime when this method is called
+     * with the keystore type. This warning is shown once per caller for
+     * each legacy keystore type. If the keystore type is also disabled,
+     * the warning will not be shown.
+     * If the {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
      * </li>
      * </ul>
      *
@@ -876,6 +889,7 @@ private String getProviderName() {
      *
      * @see Provider
      */
+    @CallerSensitive
     public static KeyStore getInstance(String type)
         throws KeyStoreException
     {
@@ -885,6 +899,11 @@ public static KeyStore getInstance(String type)
             throw new KeyStoreException(type + " is disabled");
         }
 
+        if (CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.isLegacy("KeyStore", type)) {
+            CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.warn("KeyStore", type,
+                    Reflection.getCallerClass());
+        }
+
         try {
             Object[] objs = Security.getImpl(type, "KeyStore", (String)null);
             return new KeyStore((KeyStoreSpi)objs[0], (Provider)objs[1], type);
@@ -906,11 +925,24 @@ public static KeyStore getInstance(String type)
      *
      * @implNote
      * The JDK Reference Implementation additionally uses
-     * the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
      * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
      * if the specified keystore type is allowed. If the
-     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} is set, it supersedes
-     * the security property value.
+     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * </li>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms}
+     * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
+     * if the specified keystore type is considered legacy.
+     * If so, a warning is emitted at runtime when this method is called
+     * with the keystore type. This warning is shown once per caller for
+     * each legacy keystore type. If the keystore type is also disabled,
+     * the warning will not be shown.
+     * If the {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * </li>
+     * </ul>
      *
      * @param type the type of keystore.
      * See the KeyStore section in the <a href=
@@ -937,6 +969,7 @@ public static KeyStore getInstance(String type)
      *
      * @see Provider
      */
+    @CallerSensitive
     public static KeyStore getInstance(String type, String provider)
         throws KeyStoreException, NoSuchProviderException
     {
@@ -950,6 +983,11 @@ public static KeyStore getInstance(String type, String provider)
             throw new KeyStoreException(type + " is disabled");
         }
 
+        if (CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.isLegacy("KeyStore", type)) {
+            CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.warn("KeyStore", type,
+                    Reflection.getCallerClass());
+        }
+
         try {
             Object[] objs = Security.getImpl(type, "KeyStore", provider);
             return new KeyStore((KeyStoreSpi)objs[0], (Provider)objs[1], type);
@@ -968,11 +1006,24 @@ public static KeyStore getInstance(String type, String provider)
      *
      * @implNote
      * The JDK Reference Implementation additionally uses
-     * the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
      * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
      * if the specified keystore type is allowed. If the
-     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} is set, it supersedes
-     * the security property value.
+     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * </li>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms}
+     * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
+     * if the specified keystore type is considered legacy.
+     * If so, a warning is emitted at runtime when this method is called
+     * with the keystore type. This warning is shown once per caller for
+     * each legacy keystore type. If the keystore type is also disabled,
+     * the warning will not be shown.
+     * If the {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * </li>
+     * </ul>
      *
      * @param type the type of keystore.
      * See the KeyStore section in the <a href=
@@ -998,6 +1049,7 @@ public static KeyStore getInstance(String type, String provider)
      *
      * @since 1.4
      */
+    @CallerSensitive
     public static KeyStore getInstance(String type, Provider provider)
         throws KeyStoreException
     {
@@ -1011,6 +1063,11 @@ public static KeyStore getInstance(String type, Provider provider)
             throw new KeyStoreException(type + " is disabled");
         }
 
+        if (CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.isLegacy("KeyStore", type)) {
+            CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.warn("KeyStore", type,
+                    Reflection.getCallerClass());
+        }
+
         try {
             Object[] objs = Security.getImpl(type, "KeyStore", provider);
             return new KeyStore((KeyStoreSpi)objs[0], (Provider)objs[1], type);
@@ -1754,11 +1811,25 @@ public final void setEntry(String alias, Entry entry,
      *
      * @implNote
      * The JDK Reference Implementation additionally uses
-     * the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
      * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
      * if the specified keystore type is allowed. If the
-     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} is set, it supersedes
-     * the security property value. Disallowed type will be skipped.
+     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * Disallowed type will be skipped.
+     * </li>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms}
+     * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
+     * if the specified keystore type is considered legacy.
+     * If so, a warning is emitted at runtime when this method is called
+     * with the keystore type. This warning is shown once per caller for
+     * each legacy keystore type. If the keystore type is also disabled,
+     * the warning will not be shown.
+     * If the {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * </li>
+     * </ul>
      *
      * @param  file the keystore file
      * @param  password the keystore password, which may be {@code null}
@@ -1785,10 +1856,12 @@ public final void setEntry(String alias, Entry entry,
      *
      * @since 9
      */
+    @CallerSensitive
     public static final KeyStore getInstance(File file, char[] password)
         throws KeyStoreException, IOException, NoSuchAlgorithmException,
             CertificateException {
-        return getInstance(file, password, null, true);
+        return getInstance(file, password, null, true,
+                Reflection.getCallerClass());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1815,11 +1888,25 @@ public static final KeyStore getInstance(File file, char[] password)
      *
      * @implNote
      * The JDK Reference Implementation additionally uses
-     * the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
      * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
      * if the specified keystore type is allowed. If the
-     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} is set, it supersedes
-     * the security property value. Disallowed type will be skipped.
+     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * Disallowed type will be skipped.
+     * </li>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms}
+     * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
+     * if the specified keystore type is considered legacy.
+     * If so, a warning is emitted at runtime when this method is called
+     * with the keystore type. This warning is shown once per caller for
+     * each legacy keystore type. If the keystore type is also disabled,
+     * the warning will not be shown.
+     * If the {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * </li>
+     * </ul>
      *
      * @param  file the keystore file
      * @param  param the {@code LoadStoreParameter} that specifies how to load
@@ -1847,15 +1934,17 @@ public static final KeyStore getInstance(File file, char[] password)
      *
      * @since 9
      */
+    @CallerSensitive
     public static final KeyStore getInstance(File file,
         LoadStoreParameter param) throws KeyStoreException, IOException,
             NoSuchAlgorithmException, CertificateException {
-        return getInstance(file, null, param, false);
+        return getInstance(file, null, param, false,
+                Reflection.getCallerClass());
     }
 
     // Used by getInstance(File, char[]) & getInstance(File, LoadStoreParameter)
     private static final KeyStore getInstance(File file, char[] password,
-        LoadStoreParameter param, boolean hasPassword)
+        LoadStoreParameter param, boolean hasPassword, Class<?> callerClass)
             throws KeyStoreException, IOException, NoSuchAlgorithmException,
                 CertificateException {
 
@@ -1893,6 +1982,11 @@ private static final KeyStore getInstance(File file, char[] password,
                                 String ksAlgo = s.getAlgorithm();
                                 if (CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.permits(
                                         "KEYSTORE", ksAlgo)) {
+                                    if (CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.isLegacy(
+                                            "KeyStore", ksAlgo)) {
+                                        CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.warn(
+                                                "KeyStore", ksAlgo, callerClass);
+                                    }
                                     keystore = new KeyStore(impl, p, ksAlgo);
                                 } else {
                                     matched = ksAlgo;
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/security/MessageDigest.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/security/MessageDigest.java
index 6e8f64f7ebe..943459b4bf7 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/security/MessageDigest.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/security/MessageDigest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -30,6 +30,9 @@
 import java.io.PrintStream;
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 
+import jdk.internal.reflect.CallerSensitive;
+import jdk.internal.reflect.Reflection;
+
 import sun.security.jca.GetInstance;
 import sun.security.util.Debug;
 import sun.security.util.MessageDigestSpi2;
@@ -168,8 +171,18 @@ private MessageDigest(String algorithm, Provider p) {
      * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
      * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
      * if the specified algorithm is allowed. If the
-     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} is set, it supersedes
-     * the security property value.
+     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * </li>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms}
+     * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
+     * if the specified algorithm is considered legacy.
+     * If so, a warning is emitted at runtime when this method is called
+     * with the algorithm. This warning is shown once per caller for
+     * each legacy algorithm. If the algorithm is also disabled,
+     * the warning will not be shown.
+     * If the {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
      * </li>
      * </ul>
      *
@@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ private MessageDigest(String algorithm, Provider p) {
      *
      * @see Provider
      */
+    @CallerSensitive
     public static MessageDigest getInstance(String algorithm)
         throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
     {
@@ -200,6 +214,11 @@ public static MessageDigest getInstance(String algorithm)
             throw new NoSuchAlgorithmException(algorithm + " is disabled");
         }
 
+        if (CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.isLegacy("MessageDigest", algorithm)) {
+            CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.warn("MessageDigest", algorithm,
+                    Reflection.getCallerClass());
+        }
+
         GetInstance.Instance instance = GetInstance.getInstance("MessageDigest",
                 MessageDigestSpi.class, algorithm);
         MessageDigest md;
@@ -233,11 +252,24 @@ public static MessageDigest getInstance(String algorithm)
      *
      * @implNote
      * The JDK Reference Implementation additionally uses
-     * the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
      * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
      * if the specified algorithm is allowed. If the
-     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} is set, it supersedes
-     * the security property value.
+     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * </li>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms}
+     * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
+     * if the specified algorithm is considered legacy.
+     * If so, a warning is emitted at runtime when this method is called
+     * with the algorithm. This warning is shown once per caller for
+     * each legacy algorithm. If the algorithm is also disabled,
+     * the warning will not be shown.
+     * If the {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * </li>
+     * </ul>
      *
      * @param algorithm the name of the algorithm requested.
      * See the MessageDigest section in the <a href=
@@ -265,6 +297,7 @@ public static MessageDigest getInstance(String algorithm)
      *
      * @see Provider
      */
+    @CallerSensitive
     public static MessageDigest getInstance(String algorithm, String provider)
         throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchProviderException
     {
@@ -278,6 +311,11 @@ public static MessageDigest getInstance(String algorithm, String provider)
             throw new NoSuchAlgorithmException(algorithm + " is disabled");
         }
 
+        if (CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.isLegacy("MessageDigest", algorithm)) {
+            CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.warn("MessageDigest", algorithm,
+                    Reflection.getCallerClass());
+        }
+
         GetInstance.Instance instance = GetInstance.getInstance("MessageDigest",
                 MessageDigestSpi.class, algorithm, provider);
         MessageDigest md;
@@ -302,11 +340,24 @@ public static MessageDigest getInstance(String algorithm, String provider)
      *
      * @implNote
      * The JDK Reference Implementation additionally uses
-     * the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
      * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
      * if the specified algorithm is allowed. If the
-     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} is set, it supersedes
-     * the security property value.
+     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * </li>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms}
+     * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
+     * if the specified algorithm is considered legacy.
+     * If so, a warning is emitted at runtime when this method is called
+     * with the algorithm. This warning is shown once per caller for
+     * each legacy algorithm. If the algorithm is also disabled,
+     * the warning will not be shown.
+     * If the {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * </li>
+     * </ul>
      *
      * @param algorithm the name of the algorithm requested.
      * See the MessageDigest section in the <a href=
@@ -333,6 +384,7 @@ public static MessageDigest getInstance(String algorithm, String provider)
      *
      * @since 1.4
      */
+    @CallerSensitive
     public static MessageDigest getInstance(String algorithm,
                                             Provider provider)
         throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
@@ -347,6 +399,11 @@ public static MessageDigest getInstance(String algorithm,
             throw new NoSuchAlgorithmException(algorithm + " is disabled");
         }
 
+        if (CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.isLegacy("MessageDigest", algorithm)) {
+            CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.warn("MessageDigest", algorithm,
+                    Reflection.getCallerClass());
+        }
+
         Object[] objs = Security.getImpl(algorithm, "MessageDigest", provider);
         if (objs[0] instanceof MessageDigest md) {
             md.provider = (Provider)objs[1];
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/security/Signature.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/security/Signature.java
index 228d6fff82b..6606752dde8 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/security/Signature.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/security/Signature.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@
 
 import jdk.internal.access.JavaSecuritySignatureAccess;
 import jdk.internal.access.SharedSecrets;
+import jdk.internal.reflect.CallerSensitive;
+import jdk.internal.reflect.Reflection;
 
 import sun.security.util.Debug;
 import sun.security.util.CryptoAlgorithmConstraints;
@@ -237,8 +239,18 @@ protected Signature(String algorithm) {
      * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
      * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
      * if the specified algorithm is allowed. If the
-     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} is set, it supersedes
-     * the security property value.
+     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * </li>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms}
+     * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
+     * if the specified algorithm is considered legacy.
+     * If so, a warning is emitted at runtime when this method is called
+     * with the algorithm. This warning is shown once per caller for
+     * each legacy algorithm. If the algorithm is also disabled,
+     * the warning will not be shown.
+     * If the {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
      * </li>
      * </ul>
      *
@@ -259,6 +271,7 @@ protected Signature(String algorithm) {
      *
      * @see Provider
      */
+    @CallerSensitive
     public static Signature getInstance(String algorithm)
             throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
         Objects.requireNonNull(algorithm, "null algorithm name");
@@ -267,6 +280,11 @@ public static Signature getInstance(String algorithm)
             throw new NoSuchAlgorithmException(algorithm + " is disabled");
         }
 
+        if (CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.isLegacy("Signature", algorithm)) {
+            CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.warn("Signature", algorithm,
+                    Reflection.getCallerClass());
+        }
+
         Iterator<Service> t = GetInstance.getServices("Signature", algorithm);
         if (!t.hasNext()) {
             throw new NoSuchAlgorithmException
@@ -362,11 +380,24 @@ private static boolean isSpi(Service s) {
      *
      * @implNote
      * The JDK Reference Implementation additionally uses
-     * the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
      * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
      * if the specified algorithm is allowed. If the
-     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} is set, it supersedes
-     * the security property value.
+     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * </li>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms}
+     * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
+     * if the specified algorithm is considered legacy.
+     * If so, a warning is emitted at runtime when this method is called
+     * with the algorithm. This warning is shown once per caller for
+     * each legacy algorithm. If the algorithm is also disabled,
+     * the warning will not be shown.
+     * If the {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * </li>
+     * </ul>
      *
      * @param algorithm the name of the algorithm requested.
      * See the Signature section in the <a href=
@@ -393,6 +424,7 @@ private static boolean isSpi(Service s) {
      *
      * @see Provider
      */
+    @CallerSensitive
     public static Signature getInstance(String algorithm, String provider)
             throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchProviderException {
         Objects.requireNonNull(algorithm, "null algorithm name");
@@ -401,6 +433,11 @@ public static Signature getInstance(String algorithm, String provider)
             throw new NoSuchAlgorithmException(algorithm + " is disabled");
         }
 
+        if (CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.isLegacy("Signature", algorithm)) {
+            CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.warn("Signature", algorithm,
+                    Reflection.getCallerClass());
+        }
+
         Instance instance = GetInstance.getInstance
                 ("Signature", SignatureSpi.class, algorithm, provider);
         return getInstance(instance, algorithm);
@@ -417,11 +454,24 @@ public static Signature getInstance(String algorithm, String provider)
      *
      * @implNote
      * The JDK Reference Implementation additionally uses
-     * the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
      * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
      * if the specified algorithm is allowed. If the
-     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} is set, it supersedes
-     * the security property value.
+     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * </li>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms}
+     * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
+     * if the specified algorithm is considered legacy.
+     * If so, a warning is emitted at runtime when this method is called
+     * with the algorithm. This warning is shown once per caller for
+     * each legacy algorithm. If the algorithm is also disabled,
+     * the warning will not be shown.
+     * If the {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * </li>
+     * </ul>
      *
      * @param algorithm the name of the algorithm requested.
      * See the Signature section in the <a href=
@@ -446,6 +496,7 @@ public static Signature getInstance(String algorithm, String provider)
      *
      * @since 1.4
      */
+    @CallerSensitive
     public static Signature getInstance(String algorithm, Provider provider)
             throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
         Objects.requireNonNull(algorithm, "null algorithm name");
@@ -454,6 +505,11 @@ public static Signature getInstance(String algorithm, Provider provider)
             throw new NoSuchAlgorithmException(algorithm + " is disabled");
         }
 
+        if (CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.isLegacy("Signature", algorithm)) {
+            CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.warn("Signature", algorithm,
+                    Reflection.getCallerClass());
+        }
+
         Instance instance = GetInstance.getInstance
                 ("Signature", SignatureSpi.class, algorithm, provider);
         return getInstance(instance, algorithm);
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/javax/crypto/Cipher.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/javax/crypto/Cipher.java
index 6ff5a4e00ac..27a5a075544 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/javax/crypto/Cipher.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/javax/crypto/Cipher.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -42,6 +42,8 @@
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 import java.nio.ReadOnlyBufferException;
 
+import jdk.internal.reflect.CallerSensitive;
+import jdk.internal.reflect.Reflection;
 import sun.security.util.Debug;
 import sun.security.jca.*;
 import sun.security.util.KnownOIDs;
@@ -515,8 +517,18 @@ private static Transform getTransform(Service s,
      * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
      * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
      * if the specified algorithm is allowed. If the
-     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} is set, it supersedes
-     * the security property value.
+     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * </li>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms}
+     * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
+     * if the specified algorithm is considered legacy.
+     * If so, a warning is emitted at runtime when this method is called
+     * with the algorithm. This warning is shown once per caller for
+     * each legacy algorithm. If the algorithm is also disabled,
+     * the warning will not be shown.
+     * If the {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
      * </li>
      * </ul>
      *
@@ -541,6 +553,7 @@ private static Transform getTransform(Service s,
      *
      * @see java.security.Provider
      */
+    @CallerSensitive
     public static final Cipher getInstance(String transformation)
             throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchPaddingException
     {
@@ -554,6 +567,11 @@ public static final Cipher getInstance(String transformation)
                     " is disabled");
         }
 
+        if (CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.isLegacy("Cipher", transformation)) {
+            CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.warn("Cipher", transformation,
+                    Reflection.getCallerClass());
+        }
+
         List<Transform> transforms = getTransforms(transformation);
         List<ServiceId> cipherServices = new ArrayList<>(transforms.size());
         for (Transform transform : transforms) {
@@ -623,11 +641,24 @@ public static final Cipher getInstance(String transformation)
      *
      * @implNote
      * The JDK Reference Implementation additionally uses
-     * the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
      * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
      * if the specified algorithm is allowed. If the
-     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} is set, it supersedes
-     * the security property value.
+     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * </li>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms}
+     * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
+     * if the specified algorithm is considered legacy.
+     * If so, a warning is emitted at runtime when this method is called
+     * with the algorithm. This warning is shown once per caller for
+     * each legacy algorithm. If the algorithm is also disabled,
+     * the warning will not be shown.
+     * If the {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * </li>
+     * </ul>
      *
      * @param transformation the name of the transformation,
      * e.g., <i>AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding</i>.
@@ -660,6 +691,7 @@ public static final Cipher getInstance(String transformation)
      *
      * @see java.security.Provider
      */
+    @CallerSensitive
     public static final Cipher getInstance(String transformation,
                                            String provider)
             throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchProviderException,
@@ -676,7 +708,7 @@ public static final Cipher getInstance(String transformation,
             throw new NoSuchProviderException("No such provider: " +
                                               provider);
         }
-        return getInstance(transformation, p);
+        return getInstance(transformation, p, Reflection.getCallerClass());
     }
 
     private String getProviderName() {
@@ -705,11 +737,24 @@ private String getProviderName() {
      *
      * @implNote
      * The JDK Reference Implementation additionally uses
-     * the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms}
      * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
      * if the specified algorithm is allowed. If the
-     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} is set, it supersedes
-     * the security property value.
+     * {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * </li>
+     * <li>the {@code jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms}
+     * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
+     * if the specified algorithm is considered legacy.
+     * If so, a warning is emitted at runtime when this method is called
+     * with the algorithm. This warning is shown once per caller for
+     * each legacy algorithm. If the algorithm is also disabled,
+     * the warning will not be shown.
+     * If the {@systemProperty jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms} system property
+     * is set, it supersedes the security property value.
+     * </li>
+     * </ul>
      *
      * @param transformation the name of the transformation,
      * e.g., <i>AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding</i>.
@@ -739,6 +784,7 @@ private String getProviderName() {
      *
      * @see java.security.Provider
      */
+    @CallerSensitive
     public static final Cipher getInstance(String transformation,
                                            Provider provider)
             throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchPaddingException
@@ -750,12 +796,27 @@ public static final Cipher getInstance(String transformation,
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Missing provider");
         }
 
+        return getInstance(transformation, provider, Reflection.getCallerClass());
+    }
+
+    private static Cipher getInstance(String transformation, Provider provider,
+            Class<?> callerClass)
+            throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchPaddingException {
+        if (provider == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Missing provider");
+        }
+
         // throws NoSuchAlgorithmException if java.security disables it
         if (!CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.permits("Cipher", transformation)) {
             throw new NoSuchAlgorithmException(transformation +
                     " is disabled");
         }
 
+        if (CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.isLegacy("Cipher", transformation)) {
+            CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.warn("Cipher", transformation,
+                    callerClass);
+        }
+
         Exception failure = null;
         List<Transform> transforms = getTransforms(transformation);
         boolean providerChecked = false;
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.java
index ad3beab350f..781c1ab2cd2 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.java
@@ -26,7 +26,9 @@
 package sun.security.util;
 
 import java.lang.ref.SoftReference;
+import java.net.URL;
 import java.security.AlgorithmParameters;
+import java.security.CodeSource;
 import java.security.CryptoPrimitive;
 import java.security.Key;
 import java.util.Arrays;
@@ -36,9 +38,10 @@
 
 /**
  * This class implements the algorithm constraints for the
- * "jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms" security property. This security property
- * can be overridden by the system property of the same name. See the
- * java.security file for the syntax of the property value.
+ * "jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms" and "jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms" security
+ * properties. Each security property can be overridden by a system property
+ * of the same name. See the java.security file for the syntax of the property
+ * values.
  */
 public class CryptoAlgorithmConstraints extends AbstractAlgorithmConstraints {
     private static final Debug debug = Debug.getInstance("jca");
@@ -51,11 +54,20 @@ public class CryptoAlgorithmConstraints extends AbstractAlgorithmConstraints {
     private static final String PROPERTY_CRYPTO_DISABLED_ALGS =
             "jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms";
 
-    private static class CryptoHolder {
-        static final CryptoAlgorithmConstraints CONSTRAINTS =
+    // Legacy algorithm security property for JCE crypto services
+    private static final String PROPERTY_CRYPTO_LEGACY_ALGS =
+            "jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms";
+
+    private static class DisabledHolder {
+        private static final CryptoAlgorithmConstraints DISABLED_CONSTRAINTS =
                 new CryptoAlgorithmConstraints(PROPERTY_CRYPTO_DISABLED_ALGS);
     }
 
+    private static class LegacyHolder {
+        private static final CryptoAlgorithmConstraints LEGACY_CONSTRAINTS =
+                new CryptoAlgorithmConstraints(PROPERTY_CRYPTO_LEGACY_ALGS);
+    }
+
     private static void debug(String msg) {
         if (debug != null) {
             debug.println("CryptoAlgoConstraints: ", msg);
@@ -63,11 +75,47 @@ private static void debug(String msg) {
     }
 
     public static boolean permits(String service, String algo) {
-        return CryptoHolder.CONSTRAINTS.cachedCheckAlgorithm(
+        return DisabledHolder.DISABLED_CONSTRAINTS.cachedCheckAlgorithm(
                 service + "." + algo);
     }
 
-    private final Set<String> disabledServices; // syntax is <service>.<algo>
+    public static boolean isLegacy(String service, String alg) {
+        return !LegacyHolder.LEGACY_CONSTRAINTS.cachedCheckAlgorithm(
+                service + "." + alg);
+    }
+
+    private static class CallersHolder {
+        static final ClassValue<Set<String>> callers = new ClassValue<>() {
+            @Override
+            protected Set<String> computeValue(Class<?> type) {
+                return ConcurrentHashMap.newKeySet();
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    public static void warn(String service, String alg, Class<?> callerClass) {
+        if (callerClass == null) {
+            callerClass = CryptoAlgorithmConstraints.class;
+        }
+        String serviceAndAlg = service + "." + alg;
+        Set<String> warnedAlgorithms = CallersHolder.callers.get(callerClass);
+        if (warnedAlgorithms.add(serviceAndAlg)) {
+            URL url = codeSource(callerClass);
+            String source = (url == null) ? callerClass.getName() :
+                    callerClass.getName() + " (" + url + ")";
+            System.err.printf("""
+                    WARNING: An outdated %s algorithm has been called by %s
+                    WARNING: %s will be disabled by default in a future release
+                    """, service, source, alg);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static URL codeSource(Class<?> clazz) {
+        CodeSource cs = clazz.getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource();
+        return (cs != null) ? cs.getLocation() : null;
+    }
+
+    private final Set<String> affectedServices; // syntax is <service>.<algo>
     private volatile SoftReference<Map<String, Boolean>> cacheRef =
             new SoftReference<>(null);
 
@@ -76,42 +124,42 @@ public static boolean permits(String service, String algo) {
      * {@code propertyName}. Note that if a system property of the same name
      * is set, it overrides the security property.
      *
-     * @param propertyName the security property name that define the disabled
+     * @param propertyName the security property name that defines the
      *        algorithm constraints
      */
     CryptoAlgorithmConstraints(String propertyName) {
         super(null);
-        disabledServices = getAlgorithms(propertyName, true);
-        String[] entries = disabledServices.toArray(new String[0]);
+        affectedServices = getAlgorithms(propertyName, true);
+        String[] entries = affectedServices.toArray(new String[0]);
         debug("Before " + Arrays.deepToString(entries));
 
-        for (String dk : entries) {
-            int idx = dk.indexOf(".");
-            if (idx < 1 || idx == dk.length() - 1) {
+        for (String k : entries) {
+            int idx = k.indexOf(".");
+            if (idx < 1 || idx == k.length() - 1) {
                 // wrong syntax: missing "." or empty service or algorithm
-                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid entry: " + dk);
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid entry: " + k);
             }
-            String service = dk.substring(0, idx);
-            String algo = dk.substring(idx + 1);
+            String service = k.substring(0, idx);
+            String algo = k.substring(idx + 1);
             if (SUPPORTED_SERVICES.stream().anyMatch(e -> e.equalsIgnoreCase
                     (service))) {
                 KnownOIDs oid = KnownOIDs.findMatch(algo);
                 if (oid != null) {
                     debug("Add oid: " + oid.value());
-                    disabledServices.add(service + "." + oid.value());
+                    affectedServices.add(service + "." + oid.value());
                     debug("Add oid stdName: " + oid.stdName());
-                    disabledServices.add(service + "." + oid.stdName());
+                    affectedServices.add(service + "." + oid.stdName());
                     for (String a : oid.aliases()) {
                         debug("Add oid alias: " + a);
-                        disabledServices.add(service + "." + a);
+                        affectedServices.add(service + "." + a);
                     }
                 }
             } else {
                 // unsupported service
-                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid entry: " + dk);
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid entry: " + k);
             }
         }
-        debug("After " + Arrays.deepToString(disabledServices.toArray()));
+        debug("After " + Arrays.deepToString(affectedServices.toArray()));
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -131,7 +179,7 @@ public final boolean permits(Set<CryptoPrimitive> primitives,
         throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Unsupported permits() method");
     }
 
-    // Return false if algorithm is found in the disabledServices Set.
+    // Return false if algorithm is found in the affectedServices Set.
     // Otherwise, return true.
     private boolean cachedCheckAlgorithm(String serviceDesc) {
         Map<String, Boolean> cache;
@@ -147,7 +195,7 @@ private boolean cachedCheckAlgorithm(String serviceDesc) {
         if (result != null) {
             return result;
         }
-        result = checkAlgorithm(disabledServices, serviceDesc, null);
+        result = checkAlgorithm(affectedServices, serviceDesc, null);
         cache.put(serviceDesc, result);
         return result;
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/conf/security/java.security b/src/java.base/share/conf/security/java.security
index 976604b5cbc..26842d0c845 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/conf/security/java.security
+++ b/src/java.base/share/conf/security/java.security
@@ -777,8 +777,8 @@ jdk.tls.disabledAlgorithms=SSLv3, TLSv1, TLSv1.1, DTLSv1.0, RC4, DES, \
 # In some environments, certain algorithms may be undesirable for certain
 # cryptographic services. For example, "MD2" is generally no longer considered
 # to be a secure hash algorithm.  This section describes the mechanism for
-# disabling algorithms at the JCA/JCE level based on service name and algorithm
-# name.
+# disabling algorithms and identifying legacy algorithms at the JCA/JCE
+# level based on service name and algorithm name.
 #
 # If a system property of the same name is also specified, it supersedes the
 # security property value defined here.
@@ -786,7 +786,10 @@ jdk.tls.disabledAlgorithms=SSLv3, TLSv1, TLSv1.1, DTLSv1.0, RC4, DES, \
 # The syntax of the disabled services string is described as follows:
 #       "DisabledService {, DisabledService}"
 #
-#   DisabledService:
+# The syntax of the legacy services string is described as follows:
+#       "LegacyService {, LegacyService}"
+#
+#   DisabledService and LegacyService:
 #       Service.AlgorithmName
 #
 # Service:  (one of the following, more services may be added later)
@@ -795,7 +798,7 @@ jdk.tls.disabledAlgorithms=SSLv3, TLSv1, TLSv1.1, DTLSv1.0, RC4, DES, \
 #   AlgorithmName:
 #       (see below)
 #
-# The "AlgorithmName" is the standard algorithm name of the disabled
+# The "AlgorithmName" is the standard algorithm name of the affected
 # service. See the Java Security Standard Algorithm Names Specification
 # for information about Standard Algorithm Names.  Matching is
 # performed using a case-insensitive exact matching rule. For Cipher service,
@@ -805,18 +808,28 @@ jdk.tls.disabledAlgorithms=SSLv3, TLSv1, TLSv1.1, DTLSv1.0, RC4, DES, \
 # unsupported services at the time of checking, an ExceptionInInitializerError
 # with a cause of IllegalArgumentException will be thrown.
 #
-# Note: The restriction is applied in the various getInstance(...) methods
-# of the supported Service classes, i.e. Cipher, KeyStore, MessageDigest,
-# and Signature. If the algorithm is disabled, a NoSuchAlgorithmException will
-# be thrown by the getInstance methods of Cipher, MessageDigest, and Signature
-# and a KeyStoreException by the getInstance methods of KeyStore.
+# Note: The jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms property is enforced in the various
+# getInstance(...) methods of the supported Service classes, i.e. Cipher,
+# KeyStore, MessageDigest, and Signature. If the algorithm is disabled, a
+# NoSuchAlgorithmException will be thrown by the getInstance methods of
+# Cipher, MessageDigest, and Signature and a KeyStoreException by the
+# getInstance methods of KeyStore.
 #
-# Note: This property is currently used by the JDK Reference implementation.
-# It is not guaranteed to be examined and used by other implementations.
+# Note: The jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms property is checked in the
+# getInstance(...) methods of the supported Service classes, i.e. Cipher,
+# KeyStore, MessageDigest, and Signature. If the algorithm is considered legacy, the
+# JDK emits a warning at runtime when the algorithm is requested.
+# This warning is shown once per caller for each legacy algorithm.
+# If the algorithm is also disabled, the warning will not be shown.
+#
+# Note: These properties are currently used by the JDK Reference implementation.
+# They are not guaranteed to be examined and used by other implementations.
 #
 # Example:
 #   jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms=Cipher.RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding, MessageDigest.MD2
+#   jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms=Cipher.RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding, MessageDigest.MD2
 #
+#jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms=
 #jdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms=
 
 #
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/security/KeyStore/TestLegacyAlgorithms.java b/test/jdk/java/security/KeyStore/TestLegacyAlgorithms.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..516191cfa01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/security/KeyStore/TestLegacyAlgorithms.java
@@ -0,0 +1,259 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8376748
+ * @summary Test JCE layer legacy algorithm warning for KeyStore
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run main/othervm TestLegacyAlgorithms KEYSTORE.JKs true
+ * @run main/othervm TestLegacyAlgorithms keySTORE.what false
+ * @run main/othervm TestLegacyAlgorithms kEYstoRe.jceKS false
+ * @run main/othervm -Djdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms=KEYSTORE.JKS
+ *      -Djdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms=KEYSTORE.JKS
+ *      TestLegacyAlgorithms KEYSTORE.JKS false true
+ */
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.PrintStream;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.security.KeyStore;
+import java.security.KeyStoreException;
+import java.security.Provider;
+import java.security.Security;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+
+public class TestLegacyAlgorithms {
+
+    private static final String PROP_NAME = "jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms";
+    private static final String DIR = System.getProperty("test.src", ".");
+    private static final char[] PASSWD = "passphrase".toCharArray();
+    private static final String JKS_FN = "keystore.jks";
+
+    private static final List<String> ALG_LIST =
+            List.of("JKS", "jkS");
+
+    private static String saveWarn(ThrowingRunnable action) throws Exception {
+        PrintStream origErr = System.err;
+        ByteArrayOutputStream bOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(bOut, true, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+        try {
+            System.setErr(ps);
+            action.run();
+        } finally {
+            ps.flush();
+            System.setErr(origErr);
+        }
+        return bOut.toString(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+    }
+
+    private static int countWarn(String warnS, String msg) {
+        int num = 0;
+        int index = 0;
+        while ((index = warnS.indexOf(msg, index)) >= 0) {
+            num++;
+            index += msg.length();
+        }
+        return num;
+    }
+
+    private static void checkOneWarn(String warnS, String alg) {
+        String warn1 =
+                "WARNING: An outdated KeyStore algorithm has been called by";
+        String warn2 = "WARNING: " + alg
+                + " will be disabled by default in a future release";
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(countWarn(warnS, warn1), 1,
+                "Expected one legacy warning for KeyStore " + alg
+                        + " but got:\n" + warnS);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(countWarn(warnS, warn2), 1,
+                "Expected one future-disable warning for KeyStore "
+                        + alg + " but got:\n" + warnS);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(warnS.contains("TestLegacyAlgorithms"),
+                "Expected warning to preserve caller: " + warnS);
+    }
+
+    private static void checkNoWarn(String warnS) {
+        String warn1 =
+                "WARNING: An outdated KeyStore algorithm has been called by";
+        String warn2 =
+                "will be disabled by default in a future release";
+        Asserts.assertFalse(warnS.contains(warn1),
+                "Unexpected legacy warning for KeyStore: " + warnS);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(warnS.contains(warn2),
+                "Unexpected future-disable warning for KeyStore: " + warnS);
+    }
+
+    private static void checkWarn(String label, String alg,
+            boolean shouldWarn, ThrowingRunnable action) throws Exception {
+        System.out.println("Testing " + label);
+        String warnS = saveWarn(action);
+        System.out.println("Warning emitted:\n" + warnS);
+        if (shouldWarn) {
+            checkOneWarn(warnS, alg);
+        } else {
+            checkNoWarn(warnS);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Disable the algorithm and check that a warning is not emitted.
+    private static void warnDisabledTest()
+            throws Exception {
+        File jksFile = new File(DIR, JKS_FN);
+        checkWarn("no warning when the algorithm is disabled",
+                "JKS", false, () -> {
+                    Utils.runAndCheckException(
+                            () -> KeyStore.getInstance("JKS"),
+                            KeyStoreException.class);
+                    Utils.runAndCheckException(
+                            () -> KeyStore.getInstance(jksFile, PASSWD),
+                            KeyStoreException.class);
+                });
+    }
+
+    private static void runTests(boolean shouldWarn) throws Exception {
+        for (String a : ALG_LIST) {
+            checkWarn("default provider: alg " + a, a, shouldWarn,
+                    () -> DefaultKS.run(a));
+        }
+
+        File jksFile = new File(DIR, JKS_FN);
+
+        checkWarn("file with password: " + jksFile, "JKS", shouldWarn,
+                () -> PasswordKS.run(jksFile));
+
+        checkWarn("file with LoadStoreParameter: " + jksFile, "JKS",
+                shouldWarn, () -> LoadStoreParamKS.run(jksFile));
+
+        Provider[] providers = Security.getProviders("KeyStore.JKS");
+        if (providers.length > 0) {
+            // First provider should warn, and later provider for the same
+            // algorithm will not warn. This is because warning is determined
+            // by caller class and algorithm string, not by provider.
+            Provider p = providers[0];
+            for (String a : ALG_LIST) {
+                checkWarn("provider object " + p.getName() + ": alg " + a,
+                        a, shouldWarn, () -> ProvObjKS.run(a, p));
+
+                checkWarn("provider name " + p.getName() + ": alg " + a,
+                        a, shouldWarn, () -> ProvNameKS.run(a, p));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        String propValue = args[0];
+        boolean shouldWarn = Boolean.parseBoolean(args[1]);
+        boolean warnDisabled =
+                args.length > 2 && Boolean.parseBoolean(args[2]);
+        System.out.println("Setting Security Prop " + PROP_NAME + " = " +
+                propValue);
+        Security.setProperty(PROP_NAME, propValue);
+        if (warnDisabled) {
+            warnDisabledTest();
+        } else {
+            runTests(shouldWarn);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @FunctionalInterface
+    private interface ThrowingRunnable {
+        void run() throws Exception;
+    }
+
+    private static final class DefaultKS {
+        static void run(String alg) throws Exception {
+            KeyStore k = KeyStore.getInstance(alg);
+            System.out.println("  type lookup: got KeyStore w/ alg "
+                    + k.getType());
+
+            // Call the method twice, and make sure that only get one
+            // warning per caller.
+            k = KeyStore.getInstance(alg);
+            System.out.println("  type lookup again: got KeyStore w/ alg "
+                    + k.getType());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class PasswordKS {
+        static void run(File jksFile) throws Exception {
+            KeyStore k = KeyStore.getInstance(jksFile, PASSWD);
+            System.out.println("  file+password: got KeyStore w/ alg "
+                    + k.getType());
+
+            // Call the method twice, and make sure that only get one
+            // warning per caller.
+            k = KeyStore.getInstance(jksFile, PASSWD);
+            System.out.println("  file+password again: got KeyStore "
+                    + "w/ alg " + k.getType());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class LoadStoreParamKS {
+        static void run(File jksFile) throws Exception {
+            KeyStore k = KeyStore.getInstance(jksFile,
+                    () -> new KeyStore.PasswordProtection(PASSWD));
+            System.out.println("  file+LoadStoreParameter: got KeyStore "
+                    + "w/ alg " + k.getType());
+
+            // Call the method twice, and make sure that only get one
+            // warning per caller.
+            k = KeyStore.getInstance(jksFile,
+                    () -> new KeyStore.PasswordProtection(PASSWD));
+            System.out.println("  file+LoadStoreParameter again: got "
+                    + "KeyStore w/ alg " + k.getType());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class ProvObjKS {
+        static void run(String alg, Provider provider) throws Exception {
+            KeyStore k = KeyStore.getInstance(alg, provider);
+            System.out.println("  provider object: got KeyStore w/ alg "
+                    + k.getType());
+
+            // Call the method twice, and make sure that only get one
+            // warning per caller.
+            k = KeyStore.getInstance(alg, provider);
+            System.out.println("  provider object again: got KeyStore "
+                    + "w/ alg " + k.getType());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class ProvNameKS {
+        static void run(String alg, Provider provider) throws Exception {
+            KeyStore k = KeyStore.getInstance(alg, provider.getName());
+            System.out.println("  provider name: got KeyStore w/ alg "
+                    + k.getType());
+
+            // Call the method twice, and make sure that only get one
+            // warning per caller.
+            k = KeyStore.getInstance(alg, provider.getName());
+            System.out.println("  provider name again: got KeyStore "
+                    + "w/ alg " + k.getType());
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/security/MessageDigest/TestLegacyAlgorithms.java b/test/jdk/java/security/MessageDigest/TestLegacyAlgorithms.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..61275b03f5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/security/MessageDigest/TestLegacyAlgorithms.java
@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8376748
+ * @summary Test JCE layer legacy algorithm warning for MessageDigest
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run main/othervm TestLegacyAlgorithms MESSAGEdigest.Sha-512 true
+ * @run main/othervm TestLegacyAlgorithms messageDIGest.what false
+ * @run main/othervm TestLegacyAlgorithms meSSagedIgest.sHA-512/224 false
+ * @run main/othervm -Djdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms=MESSAGEdigest.Sha-512
+ *      -Djdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms=MESSAGEdigest.Sha-512
+ *      TestLegacyAlgorithms MESSAGEdigest.Sha-512 false true
+ */
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.PrintStream;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.security.MessageDigest;
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+import java.security.Provider;
+import java.security.Security;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+
+public class TestLegacyAlgorithms {
+
+    private static final String PROP_NAME = "jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms";
+    private static final List<String> ALG_LIST =
+            List.of("sHA-512", "shA-512", "2.16.840.1.101.3.4.2.3");
+
+    private static String saveWarn(ThrowingRunnable action) throws Exception {
+        PrintStream origErr = System.err;
+        ByteArrayOutputStream bOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(bOut, true, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+        try {
+            System.setErr(ps);
+            action.run();
+        } finally {
+            ps.flush();
+            System.setErr(origErr);
+        }
+        return bOut.toString(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+    }
+
+    private static int countWarn(String warnS, String msg) {
+        int num = 0;
+        int index = 0;
+        while ((index = warnS.indexOf(msg, index)) >= 0) {
+            num++;
+            index += msg.length();
+        }
+        return num;
+    }
+
+    private static void checkOneWarn(String warnS, String alg) {
+        String warn1 =
+                "WARNING: An outdated MessageDigest algorithm has been called by";
+        String warn2 = "WARNING: " + alg
+                + " will be disabled by default in a future release";
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(countWarn(warnS, warn1), 1,
+                "Expected one legacy warning for MessageDigest " + alg
+                        + " but got:\n" + warnS);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(countWarn(warnS, warn2), 1,
+                "Expected one future-disable warning for MessageDigest "
+                        + alg + " but got:\n" + warnS);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(warnS.contains("TestLegacyAlgorithms"),
+                "Expected warning to preserve caller: " + warnS);
+    }
+
+    private static void checkNoWarn(String warnS) {
+        String warn1 =
+                "WARNING: An outdated MessageDigest algorithm has been called by";
+        String warn2 =
+                "will be disabled by default in a future release";
+        Asserts.assertFalse(warnS.contains(warn1),
+                "Unexpected legacy warning for MessageDigest: " + warnS);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(warnS.contains(warn2),
+                "Unexpected future-disable warning for MessageDigest: " + warnS);
+    }
+
+    private static void checkwarn(String label, String alg,
+            boolean shouldWarn, ThrowingRunnable action) throws Exception {
+        System.out.println("Testing " + label);
+        String warnS = saveWarn(action);
+        System.out.println("Warning emitted:\n" + warnS);
+        if (shouldWarn) {
+            checkOneWarn(warnS, alg);
+        } else {
+            checkNoWarn(warnS);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Disable the algorithm and check that a warning is not emitted.
+    private static void warnDisabledTest()
+            throws Exception {
+        checkwarn("no warning when the algorithm is disabled",
+                "SHA-512", false, () -> {
+                    Utils.runAndCheckException(
+                            () -> MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-512"),
+                            NoSuchAlgorithmException.class);
+                });
+    }
+
+    private static void runTests(boolean shouldWarn) throws Exception {
+        for (String a : ALG_LIST) {
+            checkwarn("default provider: alg " + a, a, shouldWarn,
+                    () -> DefaultMD.run(a));
+        }
+
+        Provider[] providers = Security.getProviders("MessageDigest.SHA-512");
+        if (providers.length > 0) {
+            // First provider should warn, and later provider for the same
+            // algorithm will not warn. This is because warning is determined
+            // by caller class and algorithm string, not by provider.
+            Provider p = providers[0];
+            for (String a : ALG_LIST) {
+                checkwarn("provider object " + p.getName() + ": alg " + a,
+                        a, shouldWarn, () -> ProvObjMD.run(a, p));
+
+                checkwarn("provider name " + p.getName() + ": alg " + a,
+                        a, shouldWarn, () -> ProvNameMD.run(a, p));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        String propValue = args[0];
+        boolean shouldWarn = Boolean.parseBoolean(args[1]);
+        boolean warnDisabled =
+                args.length > 2 && Boolean.parseBoolean(args[2]);
+        System.out.println("Setting Security Prop " + PROP_NAME + " = " +
+                propValue);
+        Security.setProperty(PROP_NAME, propValue);
+        if (warnDisabled) {
+            warnDisabledTest();
+        } else {
+            runTests(shouldWarn);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @FunctionalInterface
+    private interface ThrowingRunnable {
+        void run() throws Exception;
+    }
+
+    private static final class DefaultMD {
+        static void run(String alg) throws Exception {
+            MessageDigest m = MessageDigest.getInstance(alg);
+            System.out.println("  type lookup: got MessageDigest w/ alg "
+                    + m.getAlgorithm());
+
+            // Call the method twice, and make sure that only get one
+            // warning per caller.
+            m = MessageDigest.getInstance(alg);
+            System.out.println("  type lookup again: got MessageDigest w/ alg "
+                    + m.getAlgorithm());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class ProvObjMD {
+        static void run(String alg, Provider provider) throws Exception {
+            MessageDigest m = MessageDigest.getInstance(alg, provider);
+            System.out.println("  provider object: got MessageDigest w/ alg "
+                    + m.getAlgorithm());
+
+            // Call the method twice, and make sure that only get one
+            // warning per caller.
+            m = MessageDigest.getInstance(alg, provider);
+            System.out.println("  provider object again: got MessageDigest "
+                    + "w/ alg " + m.getAlgorithm());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class ProvNameMD {
+        static void run(String alg, Provider provider) throws Exception {
+            MessageDigest m = MessageDigest.getInstance(alg, provider.getName());
+            System.out.println("  provider name: got MessageDigest w/ alg "
+                    + m.getAlgorithm());
+
+            // Call the method twice, and make sure that only get one
+            // warning per caller.
+            m = MessageDigest.getInstance(alg, provider.getName());
+            System.out.println("  provider name again: got MessageDigest "
+                    + "w/ alg " + m.getAlgorithm());
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/security/Signature/TestLegacyAlgorithms.java b/test/jdk/java/security/Signature/TestLegacyAlgorithms.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bf745fba3e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/security/Signature/TestLegacyAlgorithms.java
@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8376748
+ * @summary Test JCE layer legacy algorithm warning for Signature
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run main/othervm TestLegacyAlgorithms SIGNATURe.sha512withRSA true
+ * @run main/othervm TestLegacyAlgorithms signaturE.what false
+ * @run main/othervm TestLegacyAlgorithms SiGnAtUrE.SHa512/224withRSA false
+ * @run main/othervm -Djdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms=SIGNATURe.sha512withRSA
+ *      -Djdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms=SIGNATURe.sha512withRSA
+ *      TestLegacyAlgorithms SIGNATURe.sha512withRSA false true
+ */
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.PrintStream;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+import java.security.Provider;
+import java.security.Security;
+import java.security.Signature;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+
+public class TestLegacyAlgorithms {
+
+    private static final String PROP_NAME = "jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms";
+    private static final List<String> ALG_LIST =
+            List.of("sha512withRsa", "1.2.840.113549.1.1.13");
+
+    private static String saveWarn(ThrowingRunnable action) throws Exception {
+        PrintStream origErr = System.err;
+        ByteArrayOutputStream bOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(bOut, true, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+        try {
+            System.setErr(ps);
+            action.run();
+        } finally {
+            ps.flush();
+            System.setErr(origErr);
+        }
+        return bOut.toString(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+    }
+
+    private static int countWarn(String warnS, String msg) {
+        int num = 0;
+        int index = 0;
+        while ((index = warnS.indexOf(msg, index)) >= 0) {
+            num++;
+            index += msg.length();
+        }
+        return num;
+    }
+
+    private static void checkOneWarn(String warnS, String alg) {
+        String warn1 =
+                "WARNING: An outdated Signature algorithm has been called by";
+        String warn2 = "WARNING: " + alg
+                + " will be disabled by default in a future release";
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(countWarn(warnS, warn1), 1,
+                "Expected one legacy warning for Signature " + alg
+                        + " but got:\n" + warnS);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(countWarn(warnS, warn2), 1,
+                "Expected one future-disable warning for Signature "
+                        + alg + " but got:\n" + warnS);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(warnS.contains("TestLegacyAlgorithms"),
+                "Expected warning to preserve caller: " + warnS);
+    }
+
+    private static void checkNoWarn(String warnS) {
+        String warn1 =
+                "WARNING: An outdated Signature algorithm has been called by";
+        String warn2 =
+                "will be disabled by default in a future release";
+        Asserts.assertFalse(warnS.contains(warn1),
+                "Unexpected legacy warning for Signature: " + warnS);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(warnS.contains(warn2),
+                "Unexpected future-disable warning for Signature: " + warnS);
+    }
+
+    private static void checkWarn(String label, String alg,
+            boolean shouldWarn, ThrowingRunnable action) throws Exception {
+        System.out.println("Testing " + label);
+        String warnS = saveWarn(action);
+        System.out.println("Warning emitted:\n" + warnS);
+        if (shouldWarn) {
+            checkOneWarn(warnS, alg);
+        } else {
+            checkNoWarn(warnS);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Disable the algorithm and check that a warning is not emitted.
+    private static void warnDisabledTest()
+            throws Exception {
+        checkWarn("no warning when the algorithm is disabled",
+                "sha512withRSA", false, () -> {
+                    Utils.runAndCheckException(
+                            () -> Signature.getInstance("sha512withRSA"),
+                            NoSuchAlgorithmException.class);
+                });
+    }
+
+    private static void runTests(boolean shouldWarn) throws Exception {
+        for (String a : ALG_LIST) {
+            checkWarn("default provider: alg " + a, a, shouldWarn,
+                    () -> DefaultSig.run(a));
+        }
+
+        Provider[] providers = Security.getProviders("Signature.SHA512withRSA");
+        if (providers.length > 0) {
+            // First provider should warn, and later provider for the same
+            // algorithm will not warn. This is because warning is determined
+            // by caller class and algorithm string, not by provider.
+            Provider p = providers[0];
+            for (String a : ALG_LIST) {
+                checkWarn("provider object " + p.getName() + ": alg " + a,
+                        a, shouldWarn, () -> ProvObjSig.run(a, p));
+
+                checkWarn("provider name " + p.getName() + ": alg " + a,
+                        a, shouldWarn, () -> ProvNameSig.run(a, p));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        String propValue = args[0];
+        boolean shouldWarn = Boolean.parseBoolean(args[1]);
+        boolean warnDisabled =
+                args.length > 2 && Boolean.parseBoolean(args[2]);
+        System.out.println("Setting Security Prop " + PROP_NAME + " = " +
+                propValue);
+        Security.setProperty(PROP_NAME, propValue);
+        if (warnDisabled) {
+            warnDisabledTest();
+        } else {
+            runTests(shouldWarn);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @FunctionalInterface
+    private interface ThrowingRunnable {
+        void run() throws Exception;
+    }
+
+    private static final class DefaultSig {
+        static void run(String alg) throws Exception {
+            Signature s = Signature.getInstance(alg);
+            System.out.println("  type lookup: got Signature w/ alg "
+                    + s.getAlgorithm());
+
+            // Call the method twice, and make sure that only get one
+            // warning per caller.
+            s = Signature.getInstance(alg);
+            System.out.println("  type lookup again: got Signature w/ alg "
+                    + s.getAlgorithm());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class ProvObjSig {
+        static void run(String alg, Provider provider) throws Exception {
+            Signature s = Signature.getInstance(alg, provider);
+            System.out.println("  provider object: got Signature w/ alg "
+                    + s.getAlgorithm());
+
+            // Call the method twice, and make sure that only get one
+            // warning per caller.
+            s = Signature.getInstance(alg, provider);
+            System.out.println("  provider object again: got Signature "
+                    + "w/ alg " + s.getAlgorithm());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class ProvNameSig {
+        static void run(String alg, Provider provider) throws Exception {
+            Signature s = Signature.getInstance(alg, provider.getName());
+            System.out.println("  provider name: got Signature w/ alg "
+                    + s.getAlgorithm());
+
+            // Call the method twice, and make sure that only get one
+            // warning per caller.
+            s = Signature.getInstance(alg, provider.getName());
+            System.out.println("  provider name again: got Signature "
+                    + "w/ alg " + s.getAlgorithm());
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/javax/crypto/Cipher/TestLegacyAlgorithms.java b/test/jdk/javax/crypto/Cipher/TestLegacyAlgorithms.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f4336646cbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/javax/crypto/Cipher/TestLegacyAlgorithms.java
@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8376748
+ * @summary Test JCE layer legacy algorithm warning for Cipher
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run main/othervm TestLegacyAlgorithms CIPHEr.Rsa/ECB/PKCS1Padding true
+ * @run main/othervm TestLegacyAlgorithms cipheR.rsA true
+ * @run main/othervm TestLegacyAlgorithms CIPher.what false
+ * @run main/othervm TestLegacyAlgorithms cipHER.RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding2 false
+ * @run main/othervm -Djdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms=CIPHER.RSA
+ *      -Djdk.crypto.disabledAlgorithms=CIPHER.RSA
+ *      TestLegacyAlgorithms CIPHER.RSA false true
+
+ */
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.PrintStream;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+import java.security.Provider;
+import java.security.Security;
+import java.util.List;
+import javax.crypto.Cipher;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+
+public class TestLegacyAlgorithms {
+
+    private static final String PROP_NAME = "jdk.crypto.legacyAlgorithms";
+    private static final List<String> ALG_LIST =
+            List.of("Rsa/ECB/PKCS1Padding", "rSA");
+
+    private static String saveWarn(ThrowingRunnable action) throws Exception {
+        PrintStream origErr = System.err;
+        ByteArrayOutputStream bOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(bOut, true, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+        try {
+            System.setErr(ps);
+            action.run();
+        } finally {
+            ps.flush();
+            System.setErr(origErr);
+        }
+        return bOut.toString(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+    }
+
+    private static int countWarn(String warnS, String msg) {
+        int num = 0;
+        int index = 0;
+        while ((index = warnS.indexOf(msg, index)) >= 0) {
+            num++;
+            index += msg.length();
+        }
+        return num;
+    }
+
+    private static void checkOneWarn(String warnS, String alg) {
+        String warn1 =
+                "WARNING: An outdated Cipher algorithm has been called by";
+        String warn2 = "WARNING: " + alg
+                + " will be disabled by default in a future release";
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(countWarn(warnS, warn1), 1,
+                "Expected one legacy warning for Cipher " + alg
+                        + " but got:\n" + warnS);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(countWarn(warnS, warn2), 1,
+                "Expected one future-disable warning for Cipher "
+                        + alg + " but got:\n" + warnS);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(warnS.contains("TestLegacyAlgorithms"),
+                "Expected warning to preserve caller: " + warnS);
+    }
+
+    private static void checkNoWarn(String warnS) {
+        String warn1 =
+                "WARNING: An outdated Cipher algorithm has been called by";
+        String warn2 =
+                "will be disabled by default in a future release";
+        Asserts.assertFalse(warnS.contains(warn1),
+                "Unexpected legacy warning for Cipher: " + warnS);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(warnS.contains(warn2),
+                "Unexpected future-disable warning for Cipher: " + warnS);
+    }
+
+    private static void checkWarn(String label, String alg,
+            boolean shouldWarn, ThrowingRunnable action) throws Exception {
+        System.out.println("Testing " + label);
+        String warnS = saveWarn(action);
+        System.out.println("Warning emitted:\n" + warnS);
+        if (shouldWarn) {
+            checkOneWarn(warnS, alg);
+        } else {
+            checkNoWarn(warnS);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void warnDisabledTest()
+            throws Exception {
+        checkWarn("no warning when the algorithm is disabled",
+                "RSA", false, () -> {
+                    Utils.runAndCheckException(
+                            () -> Cipher.getInstance("RSA"),
+                            NoSuchAlgorithmException.class);
+                });
+    }
+
+    private static void runTests(boolean shouldWarn) throws Exception {
+        for (String a : ALG_LIST) {
+            checkWarn("default provider: alg " + a, a, shouldWarn,
+                    () -> DefaultCipher.run(a));
+        }
+
+        Provider provider = null;
+        for (Provider p : Security.getProviders()) {
+            // First provider should warn, and later provider for the same
+            // algorithm will not warn. This is because warning is determined
+            // by caller class and algorithm string, not by provider.
+            if (p.getService("Cipher", "RSA") != null) {
+                provider = p;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (provider != null) {
+            final Provider fp = provider;
+            for (String a : ALG_LIST) {
+                checkWarn("provider object " + fp.getName() +
+                        ": alg " + a, a, shouldWarn,
+                        () -> ProvObjCipher.run(a, fp));
+
+                checkWarn("provider name " + fp.getName() +
+                        ": alg " + a, a, shouldWarn,
+                        () -> ProvNameCipher.run(a, fp));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        String propValue = args[0];
+        boolean shouldWarn = Boolean.parseBoolean(args[1]);
+        boolean warnDisabled =
+                args.length > 2 && Boolean.parseBoolean(args[2]);
+        System.out.println("Setting Security Prop " + PROP_NAME + " = " +
+                propValue);
+        Security.setProperty(PROP_NAME, propValue);
+        if (warnDisabled) {
+            warnDisabledTest();
+        } else {
+            runTests(shouldWarn);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @FunctionalInterface
+    private interface ThrowingRunnable {
+        void run() throws Exception;
+    }
+
+    private static final class DefaultCipher {
+        static void run(String alg) throws Exception {
+            Cipher c = Cipher.getInstance(alg);
+            System.out.println("  type lookup: got Cipher w/ alg "
+                    + c.getAlgorithm());
+
+            // Call the method twice, and make sure that only get one
+            // warning per caller.
+            c = Cipher.getInstance(alg);
+            System.out.println("  type lookup again: got Cipher w/ alg "
+                    + c.getAlgorithm());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class ProvObjCipher {
+        static void run(String alg, Provider provider) throws Exception {
+            Cipher c = Cipher.getInstance(alg, provider);
+            System.out.println("  provider object: got Cipher w/ alg "
+                    + c.getAlgorithm());
+
+            // Call the method twice, and make sure that only get one
+            // warning per caller.
+            c = Cipher.getInstance(alg, provider);
+            System.out.println("  provider object again: got Cipher "
+                    + "w/ alg " + c.getAlgorithm());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class ProvNameCipher {
+        static void run(String alg, Provider provider) throws Exception {
+            Cipher c = Cipher.getInstance(alg, provider.getName());
+            System.out.println("  provider name: got Cipher w/ alg "
+                    + c.getAlgorithm());
+
+            // Call the method twice, and make sure that only get one
+            // warning per caller.
+            c = Cipher.getInstance(alg, provider.getName());
+            System.out.println("  provider name again: got Cipher "
+                    + "w/ alg " + c.getAlgorithm());
+        }
+    }
+}

From 6ae23a0d6574dc8139aea93ea3c562a7410fcb34 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: William Kemper <wkemper@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 14 Jul 2026 23:41:25 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 225/707] 8388058: Shenandoah: Refactor arraycopy_work

Reviewed-by: kdnilsen, shade
---
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp    |  10 +-
 .../shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp           | 113 +++++++++++-------
 2 files changed, 76 insertions(+), 47 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp
index 51b355e7042..ac896f24739 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 class ShenandoahHeap;
 class ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler;
 class ShenandoahCardTable;
+class ShenandoahMarkingContext;
 
 class ShenandoahBarrierSet: public BarrierSet {
 private:
@@ -126,6 +127,10 @@ class ShenandoahBarrierSet: public BarrierSet {
 private:
   template <bool IS_GENERATIONAL, class T>
   void arraycopy_marking(T* dst, size_t count);
+
+  template <bool IS_GENERATIONAL, class T>
+  bool is_above_tams(const ShenandoahMarkingContext* ctx, T* dst) const;
+
   template <class T>
   inline void arraycopy_evacuation(T* src, size_t count);
   template <class T>
@@ -134,10 +139,7 @@ class ShenandoahBarrierSet: public BarrierSet {
   template <bool EVAC>
   inline void clone_work(oop src);
 
-  template <class T, bool HAS_FWD, bool EVAC, bool ENQUEUE>
-  inline void arraycopy_work(T* src, size_t count);
-
-  inline bool need_bulk_update(HeapWord* dst);
+  inline bool need_bulk_update(HeapWord* dst) const;
 public:
   // Callbacks for runtime accesses.
   template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename BarrierSetT = ShenandoahBarrierSet>
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp
index f4b859afc44..af0622693fb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp
@@ -509,40 +509,6 @@ OopCopyResult ShenandoahBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::oop_
   return result;
 }
 
-template <class T, bool HAS_FWD, bool EVAC, bool ENQUEUE>
-void ShenandoahBarrierSet::arraycopy_work(T* src, size_t count) {
-  // Young cycles are allowed to run when old marking is in progress. When old marking is in progress,
-  // this barrier will be called with ENQUEUE=true and HAS_FWD=false, even though the young generation
-  // may have forwarded objects.
-  assert(HAS_FWD == _heap->has_forwarded_objects() || _heap->is_concurrent_old_mark_in_progress(), "Forwarded object status is sane");
-  // This function cannot be called to handle marking and evacuation at the same time (they operate on
-  // different sides of the copy).
-  static_assert((HAS_FWD || EVAC) != ENQUEUE, "Cannot evacuate and mark both sides of copy.");
-
-  Thread* thread = Thread::current();
-  SATBMarkQueue& queue = ShenandoahThreadLocalData::satb_mark_queue(thread);
-  ShenandoahMarkingContext* ctx = _heap->marking_context();
-  const ShenandoahCollectionSet* const cset = _heap->collection_set();
-  T* end = src + count;
-  for (T* elem_ptr = src; elem_ptr < end; elem_ptr++) {
-    T o = RawAccess<>::oop_load(elem_ptr);
-    if (!CompressedOops::is_null(o)) {
-      oop obj = CompressedOops::decode_not_null(o);
-      if (HAS_FWD && cset->is_in(obj)) {
-        oop fwd = ShenandoahForwarding::get_forwardee(obj);
-        if (EVAC && obj == fwd) {
-          fwd = _heap->evacuate_object(obj, thread);
-        }
-        shenandoah_assert_forwarded_except(elem_ptr, obj, _heap->cancelled_gc());
-        ShenandoahHeap::atomic_update_oop(fwd, elem_ptr, o);
-      }
-      if (ENQUEUE && !ctx->is_marked_strong(obj)) {
-        _satb_mark_queue_set.enqueue_known_active(queue, obj);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
 template <class T>
 void ShenandoahBarrierSet::arraycopy_barrier(T* src, T* dst, size_t count) {
   if (count == 0) {
@@ -574,31 +540,92 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSet::arraycopy_barrier(T* src, T* dst, size_t count) {
 template <bool IS_GENERATIONAL, class T>
 void ShenandoahBarrierSet::arraycopy_marking(T* dst, size_t count) {
   assert(_heap->is_concurrent_mark_in_progress(), "only during marking");
-  if (ShenandoahSATBBarrier) {
-    if (!_heap->marking_context()->allocated_after_mark_start(reinterpret_cast<HeapWord*>(dst)) ||
-        (IS_GENERATIONAL && _heap->heap_region_containing(dst)->is_old() && _heap->is_concurrent_young_mark_in_progress())) {
-      arraycopy_work<T, false, false, true>(dst, count);
+  if (!ShenandoahSATBBarrier) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const ShenandoahMarkingContext* ctx = _heap->marking_context();
+  // Everything allocated above TAMS is alive and doesn't need the barrier to keep it that way
+  if (is_above_tams<IS_GENERATIONAL>(ctx, dst)) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  assert(!_heap->has_forwarded_objects() || _heap->is_concurrent_old_mark_in_progress(), "Forwarded object status is sane");
+  Thread* thread = Thread::current();
+  SATBMarkQueue& queue = ShenandoahThreadLocalData::satb_mark_queue(thread);
+  T* end = dst + count;
+  for (T* elem_ptr = dst; elem_ptr < end; ++elem_ptr) {
+    T o = RawAccess<>::oop_load(elem_ptr);
+    if (!CompressedOops::is_null(o)) {
+      oop obj = CompressedOops::decode_not_null(o);
+      if (!ctx->is_marked_strong(obj)) {
+        _satb_mark_queue_set.enqueue_known_active(queue, obj);
+      }
     }
   }
 }
 
-inline bool ShenandoahBarrierSet::need_bulk_update(HeapWord* ary) {
+template <bool IS_GENERATIONAL, class T>
+bool ShenandoahBarrierSet::is_above_tams(const ShenandoahMarkingContext* ctx, T* dst) const {
+  // TAMS for an old region is unreliable during a young-only mark, so overwritten pointers in old dst arrays must
+  // be enqueued to preserve old->young referents copied in and overwritten after init mark. See JDK-8373116.
+  return ctx->allocated_after_mark_start(reinterpret_cast<HeapWord*>(dst))
+         && !(IS_GENERATIONAL
+              && _heap->heap_region_containing(dst)->is_old()
+              && _heap->is_concurrent_young_mark_in_progress());
+}
+
+inline bool ShenandoahBarrierSet::need_bulk_update(HeapWord* ary) const {
   return ary < _heap->heap_region_containing(ary)->get_update_watermark();
 }
 
 template <class T>
 void ShenandoahBarrierSet::arraycopy_evacuation(T* src, size_t count) {
   assert(_heap->is_evacuation_in_progress(), "only during evacuation");
-  if (need_bulk_update(reinterpret_cast<HeapWord*>(src))) {
-    arraycopy_work<T, true, true, false>(src, count);
+  if (!need_bulk_update(reinterpret_cast<HeapWord*>(src))) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  assert(_heap->has_forwarded_objects(), "Forwarded object status is sane");
+  Thread* thread = Thread::current();
+  const ShenandoahCollectionSet* const cset = _heap->collection_set();
+  T* end = src + count;
+  for (T* elem_ptr = src; elem_ptr < end; ++elem_ptr) {
+    T o = RawAccess<>::oop_load(elem_ptr);
+    if (!CompressedOops::is_null(o)) {
+      oop obj = CompressedOops::decode_not_null(o);
+      if (cset->is_in(obj)) {
+        oop fwd = ShenandoahForwarding::get_forwardee(obj);
+        if (obj == fwd) {
+          fwd = _heap->evacuate_object(obj, thread);
+        }
+        shenandoah_assert_forwarded_except(elem_ptr, obj, _heap->cancelled_gc());
+        ShenandoahHeap::atomic_update_oop(fwd, elem_ptr, o);
+      }
+    }
   }
 }
 
 template <class T>
 void ShenandoahBarrierSet::arraycopy_update(T* src, size_t count) {
   assert(_heap->is_update_refs_in_progress(), "only during update-refs");
-  if (need_bulk_update(reinterpret_cast<HeapWord*>(src))) {
-    arraycopy_work<T, true, false, false>(src, count);
+  if (!need_bulk_update(reinterpret_cast<HeapWord*>(src))) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  assert(_heap->has_forwarded_objects(), "Forwarded object status is sane");
+  const ShenandoahCollectionSet* const cset = _heap->collection_set();
+  T* end = src + count;
+  for (T* elem_ptr = src; elem_ptr < end; ++elem_ptr) {
+    T o = RawAccess<>::oop_load(elem_ptr);
+    if (!CompressedOops::is_null(o)) {
+      oop obj = CompressedOops::decode_not_null(o);
+      if (cset->is_in(obj)) {
+        oop fwd = ShenandoahForwarding::get_forwardee(obj);
+        shenandoah_assert_forwarded_except(elem_ptr, obj, _heap->cancelled_gc());
+        ShenandoahHeap::atomic_update_oop(fwd, elem_ptr, o);
+      }
+    }
   }
 }
 

From 10ec62d643a0c0174cd9ca74041bf13fa127d20e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Harshit Dhiman <hdhiman@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2026 04:17:27 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 226/707] 8388016: [s390x] Remove the alignment from
 stubGenerator

Reviewed-by: aph, amitkumar
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stubGenerator_s390.cpp | 10 ++++++----
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stubGenerator_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stubGenerator_s390.cpp
index d1601d4f147..381d1c02277 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stubGenerator_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stubGenerator_s390.cpp
@@ -3306,10 +3306,12 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     // Make room for the thawed frames and align the stack.
     __ add64(Z_RET, frame::z_abi_160_size);
 
-    { // stack alignment
-      __ z_lcgr(Z_RET, Z_RET); // negate Z_RET value
-      __ z_nill(Z_RET, -frame::alignment_in_bytes);
-    }
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    __ z_tmll(Z_RET, frame::alignment_in_bytes - 1);
+    __ asm_assert(Assembler::bcondAllZero, FILE_AND_LINE ": size is not aligned properly", 71);
+#endif // ASSERT
+
+    __ z_lcgr(Z_RET, Z_RET); // negate Z_RET value
     __ resize_frame( /* offset = */ Z_RET,/* fp = */ Z_R1, /* load_fp = */ true);
 
     __ z_lghi(Z_ARG2, kind);

From 5c673a17c06d941ea0e058c05665abe9d08f158e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Skantz <dskantz@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2026 06:36:49 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 227/707] 8387414: Insufficient feature gate in vm_version_x86
 for UseKyberIntrinsics

Reviewed-by: semery, kvn
---
 .../cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_kyber.cpp       | 16 +++++++---------
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp           |  2 +-
 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_kyber.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_kyber.cpp
index c35a2a1bba6..840f848d3ba 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_kyber.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_kyber.cpp
@@ -1108,15 +1108,13 @@ address generate_kyberBarrettReduce_avx512(StubGenerator *stubgen,
 void StubGenerator::generate_kyber_stubs() {
   // Generate Kyber intrinsics code
   if (UseKyberIntrinsics) {
-    if (VM_Version::supports_evex()) {
-      StubRoutines::_kyberNtt = generate_kyberNtt_avx512(this, _masm);
-      StubRoutines::_kyberInverseNtt = generate_kyberInverseNtt_avx512(this, _masm);
-      StubRoutines::_kyberNttMult = generate_kyberNttMult_avx512(this, _masm);
-      StubRoutines::_kyberAddPoly_2 = generate_kyberAddPoly_2_avx512(this, _masm);
-      StubRoutines::_kyberAddPoly_3 = generate_kyberAddPoly_3_avx512(this, _masm);
-      StubRoutines::_kyber12To16 = generate_kyber12To16_avx512(this, _masm);
-      StubRoutines::_kyberBarrettReduce = generate_kyberBarrettReduce_avx512(this, _masm);
-    }
+    StubRoutines::_kyberNtt = generate_kyberNtt_avx512(this, _masm);
+    StubRoutines::_kyberInverseNtt = generate_kyberInverseNtt_avx512(this, _masm);
+    StubRoutines::_kyberNttMult = generate_kyberNttMult_avx512(this, _masm);
+    StubRoutines::_kyberAddPoly_2 = generate_kyberAddPoly_2_avx512(this, _masm);
+    StubRoutines::_kyberAddPoly_3 = generate_kyberAddPoly_3_avx512(this, _masm);
+    StubRoutines::_kyber12To16 = generate_kyber12To16_avx512(this, _masm);
+    StubRoutines::_kyberBarrettReduce = generate_kyberBarrettReduce_avx512(this, _masm);
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
index 53696ee6ef3..6112c280a1d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
@@ -1270,7 +1270,7 @@ void VM_Version::get_processor_features() {
 
   // Kyber Intrinsics
   // Currently we only have them for AVX512
-  if (supports_evex() && supports_avx512bw()) {
+  if (supports_avx512vlbw()) {
     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseKyberIntrinsics)) {
       UseKyberIntrinsics = true;
     }

From 2b05a136cb80221a4252719510f817e268da5d5a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Quan Anh Mai <qamai@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2026 07:08:24 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 228/707] 8387328: C2: A Phi must not have a narrower Type than
 its inputs

Reviewed-by: thartmann, vlivanov
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/parse.hpp              |   1 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/parse1.cpp             |  31 ++-
 .../jtreg/compiler/parsing/TestNarrowPhi.java | 196 ++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 225 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/parsing/TestNarrowPhi.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse.hpp
index 5118019fc31..426720b5bba 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse.hpp
@@ -480,6 +480,7 @@ class Parse : public GraphKit {
   // Helper: Merge the current mapping into the given basic block
   void merge_common(Block* target, int pnum);
   // Helper functions for merging individual cells.
+  Node* maybe_narrow_phi_input(Node* ctrl, Node* n, const Type* phi_type);
   PhiNode *ensure_phi(       int idx, bool nocreate = false);
   PhiNode *ensure_memory_phi(int idx, bool nocreate = false);
   // Helper to merge the current memory state into the given basic block
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse1.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse1.cpp
index 6a400631bff..2d74866e570 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse1.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse1.cpp
@@ -1883,7 +1883,8 @@ void Parse::merge_common(Parse::Block* target, int pnum) {
       if (phi != nullptr) {
         assert(n != top() || r->in(pnum) == top(), "live value must not be garbage");
         assert(phi->region() == r, "");
-        phi->set_req(pnum, n);  // Then add 'n' to the merge
+        phi->set_req(pnum, maybe_narrow_phi_input(r->in(pnum), n, _gvn.type(phi)));
+
         if (pnum == PhiNode::Input) {
           // Last merge for this Phi.
           // So far, Phis have had a reasonable type from ciTypeFlow.
@@ -2060,6 +2061,21 @@ int Parse::Block::add_new_path() {
   return pnum;
 }
 
+// The verifier ensures that the ciType of phi is not narrower than its inputs. However, since
+// TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass may be aggressive if it finds that the ciType has only a single
+// concrete subtype, and concurrent class loading/unloading may change this property during the
+// compilation process, it may be the case that the Type of phi is narrower than its inputs. In
+// those cases, we need to insert a CheckCastPP, otherwise several PhiNode idealization may be
+// unsound, as we may replace a Phi which has a narrower Type with one of its input which has a
+// wider Type.
+Node* Parse::maybe_narrow_phi_input(Node* ctrl, Node* n, const Type* phi_type) {
+  if (phi_type->isa_oopptr() != nullptr && !_gvn.type(n)->higher_equal(phi_type)) {
+    n = new CheckCastPPNode(ctrl, n, phi_type, ConstraintCastNode::DependencyType::NonFloatingNarrowing);
+    n = _gvn.transform(n);
+  }
+  return n;
+}
+
 //------------------------------ensure_phi-------------------------------------
 // Turn the idx'th entry of the current map into a Phi
 PhiNode *Parse::ensure_phi(int idx, bool nocreate) {
@@ -2108,9 +2124,18 @@ PhiNode *Parse::ensure_phi(int idx, bool nocreate) {
     return nullptr;
   }
 
-  PhiNode* phi = PhiNode::make(region, o, t);
+  PhiNode* phi = new PhiNode(region, t);
   gvn().set_type(phi, t);
-  if (C->do_escape_analysis()) record_for_igvn(phi);
+  for (uint i = 1; i < phi->req(); i++) {
+    Node* ctrl = region->in(i);
+    if (ctrl != nullptr) {
+      phi->init_req(i, maybe_narrow_phi_input(ctrl, o, t));
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (C->do_escape_analysis()) {
+    record_for_igvn(phi);
+  }
   map->set_req(idx, phi);
   return phi;
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/parsing/TestNarrowPhi.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/parsing/TestNarrowPhi.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..879234a62cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/parsing/TestNarrowPhi.java
@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package compiler.parsing;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8387328
+ * @summary A Phi having a narrower Type than its inputs may result in incorrect scheduling
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+public class TestNarrowPhi {
+    private static final WhiteBox WHITE_BOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+    private static volatile Throwable failure;
+
+    private static abstract class P {
+        int u;
+
+        private static P allocate() {
+            return new C();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static class C extends P {
+        int v;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException, NoSuchMethodException {
+        if (args.length == 0) {
+            spawnTestProcesses();
+        } else {
+            int idx = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
+            runTest(idx);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void spawnTestProcesses() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
+        String testClassName = TestNarrowPhi.class.getName();
+        // Since we cannot reliably coordinate the compiler thread and the thread that load the
+        // child class, randomly delaying one of them
+        for (int i = 0; i <= 10; i++) {
+            var builder = ProcessTools.createTestJavaProcessBuilder(
+                    "-Xbootclasspath/a:.",
+                    "-Xbatch",
+                    "-XX:-TieredCompilation",
+                    "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                    "-XX:+WhiteBoxAPI",
+                    "-XX:CompileOnly=" + testClassName + "::test*",
+                    "-XX:CompileCommand=inline," + testClassName + "::inline*",
+                    "-XX:CompileCommand=dontinline," + testClassName + "::nonInline",
+                    "-XX:CompileCommand=delayinline," + testClassName + "::inlineTestHelper",
+                    testClassName,
+                    Integer.toString(i));
+            builder.redirectOutput(ProcessBuilder.Redirect.INHERIT);
+            builder.redirectError(ProcessBuilder.Redirect.INHERIT);
+            var process = builder.start();
+            process.waitFor();
+            Asserts.assertEQ(0, process.exitValue());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void runTest(int idx) throws InterruptedException, NoSuchMethodException {
+        var testMethod = TestNarrowPhi.class.getDeclaredMethod("testMethod", boolean.class, P.class, P.class, P.class);
+        var _ = Objects.class;
+        Thread loader = new Thread(() -> {
+            try {
+                if (idx < 5) {
+                    Thread.sleep((5 - idx) * 10L);
+                }
+                var _ = C.class;
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                failure = e;
+            }
+        });
+        loader.start();
+
+        if (idx > 5) {
+            Thread.sleep((idx - 5) * 10L);
+        }
+        if (!WHITE_BOX.enqueueMethodForCompilation(testMethod, 4)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Could not enqueue the test method for C2 compilation");
+        }
+        while (WHITE_BOX.isMethodQueuedForCompilation(testMethod)) {
+            Thread.yield();
+        }
+        P p = P.allocate();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(0, testMethod(true, p, p, p));
+        loader.join();
+        if (failure != null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(failure);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static int testMethod(boolean b, P p1, P p2, P p3) {
+        // Arbitrarily delay the parser between generating the Type for P1 and for the loop Phi
+        // below
+        inline0();
+        // This method is late-inlined, which increases the chance that C has been loaded then
+        return inlineTestHelper(b, p1, p2, p3);
+    }
+
+    private static int inlineTestHelper(boolean b, P p1, P p2, P p3) {
+        // Random access that can be used as an implicit null-check, so that the load below can
+        // float freely
+        p1.u = 0;
+        P p = p1;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1; i++) {
+            if (i % 2 != 0) {
+                p = p2;
+            }
+        }
+
+        C cp = (C) Objects.requireNonNull(p);
+        C cp3 = (C) Objects.requireNonNull(p3);
+        int res = cp.v;
+        cp3.v = 1;
+        if (b) {
+            cp3.v = 2;
+            return res;
+        } else {
+            return nonInline();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static int nonInline() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    private static void inline0() {
+        inline1();
+        inline1();
+        inline1();
+        inline1();
+    }
+
+    private static void inline1() {
+        inline2();
+        inline2();
+        inline2();
+        inline2();
+    }
+
+    private static void inline2() {
+        inline3();
+        inline3();
+        inline3();
+        inline3();
+    }
+
+    private static void inline3() {
+        inline4();
+        inline4();
+        inline4();
+        inline4();
+    }
+
+    private static void inline4() {
+        inline5();
+        inline5();
+        inline5();
+        inline5();
+    }
+
+    private static void inline5() {}
+}

From f146847ca1289da313b3d07f14591ab669abedc1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: EunHyunsu <ehs208@naver.com>
Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2026 07:16:10 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 229/707] 8380549: HttpCookie.expiryDate2DeltaSeconds returns 0
 on parse failure, causing immediate cookie expiration

Reviewed-by: vyazici, michaelm
---
 .../share/classes/java/net/HttpCookie.java    | 21 ++++++------
 test/jdk/java/net/CookieHandler/B6791927.java |  4 +--
 .../net/HttpCookie/ExpiredCookieTest.java     | 33 ++++++++++++++-----
 .../java.base/java/net/MaxAgeExpires.java     | 23 +++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 60 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/net/HttpCookie.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/net/HttpCookie.java
index 3c633522bdf..2b3a5cbb6a5 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/net/HttpCookie.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/net/HttpCookie.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -1005,12 +1005,13 @@ private static void assignMaxAgeAttribute(HttpCookie cookie,
             }
         } catch (NumberFormatException ignored) {}
 
-        try {
-            if (expiresValue != null) {
-                long delta = cookie.expiryDate2DeltaSeconds(expiresValue);
+        if (expiresValue != null) {
+            Calendar cal = parseExpires(expiresValue);
+            if (cal != null) {
+                long delta = (cal.getTimeInMillis() - cookie.whenCreated) / 1000;
                 cookie.maxAge = (delta > 0 ? delta : 0);
             }
-        } catch (NumberFormatException ignored) {}
+        }
     }
 
     private static void assignAttribute(HttpCookie cookie,
@@ -1082,10 +1083,10 @@ private String toRFC2965HeaderString() {
      * @param  dateString
      *         a date string in one of the formats defined in Netscape cookie spec
      *
-     * @return  delta seconds between this cookie's creation time and the time
-     *          specified by dateString
+     * @return  the parsed date as a Calendar, or null if none of the
+     *          formats could parse the given date string
      */
-    private long expiryDate2DeltaSeconds(String dateString) {
+    private static Calendar parseExpires(String dateString) {
         Calendar cal = new GregorianCalendar(GMT);
         for (int i = 0; i < COOKIE_DATE_FORMATS.length; i++) {
             SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat(COOKIE_DATE_FORMATS[i],
@@ -1108,12 +1109,12 @@ private long expiryDate2DeltaSeconds(String dateString) {
                     }
                     cal.set(Calendar.YEAR, year);
                 }
-                return (cal.getTimeInMillis() - whenCreated) / 1000;
+                return cal;
             } catch (Exception e) {
                 // Ignore, try the next date format
             }
         }
-        return 0;
+        return null;
     }
 
     /*
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/CookieHandler/B6791927.java b/test/jdk/java/net/CookieHandler/B6791927.java
index bc5374b2a98..ceeff260665 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/CookieHandler/B6791927.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/CookieHandler/B6791927.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2009, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2009, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 /**
  * @test
  * @bug 6791927 8233886
- * @summary Wrong Locale in HttpCookie::expiryDate2DeltaSeconds
+ * @summary Wrong Locale in HttpCookie::parseExpires
  * @run main/othervm B6791927
  */
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/HttpCookie/ExpiredCookieTest.java b/test/jdk/java/net/HttpCookie/ExpiredCookieTest.java
index 5cf7208d2ca..e2769d8dd61 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/HttpCookie/ExpiredCookieTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/HttpCookie/ExpiredCookieTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 8000525
+ * @bug 8000525 8380549
  * @library /test/lib
  */
 
@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@
 import java.text.*;
 import jdk.test.lib.net.URIBuilder;
 
+import static jdk.test.lib.Asserts.assertEquals;
+
 public class ExpiredCookieTest {
     // lifted from HttpCookie.java
     private final static String[] COOKIE_DATE_FORMATS = {
@@ -92,15 +94,28 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             cm.put(uri, header);
 
             CookieStore cookieJar =  cm.getCookieStore();
-            List <HttpCookie> cookies = cookieJar.getCookies();
+            Set<String> names = new TreeSet<>();
+            for (HttpCookie cookie : cookieJar.getCookies())
+                names.add(cookie.getName());
+
+            Set<String> expected;
             if (COOKIE_DATE_FORMATS[i].contains("yyyy")) {
-                if (cookies.size() != 2)
-                    throw new RuntimeException(
-                        "Incorrectly parsing a bad date");
-            } else if (cookies.size() != 1) {
-                throw new RuntimeException(
-                    "Incorrectly parsing a bad date");
+                // Four-digit years parse unambiguously: TEST1 and TEST2 are
+                // in the past and expire, while TEST3 and TEST4 remain.
+                expected = new TreeSet<>(List.of("TEST3", "TEST4"));
+            } else {
+                // Two-digit years make TEST2 and TEST3 resolve to a mismatched
+                // day-of-week, so strict parsing rejects the Expires value; per
+                // RFC 6265 section 5.2.1 an unparseable Expires is ignored, so
+                // they remain as session cookies. TEST1 parses cleanly but is
+                // already expired, so it is dropped. TEST4's two-digit year
+                // round-trips to itself (69 -> 2069), so it parses and remains
+                // because its expiry is still in the future.
+                expected = new TreeSet<>(List.of("TEST2", "TEST3", "TEST4"));
             }
+            assertEquals(expected, names,
+                "Incorrectly parsing a bad date, format: "
+                + COOKIE_DATE_FORMATS[i]);
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/HttpCookie/whitebox/java.base/java/net/MaxAgeExpires.java b/test/jdk/java/net/HttpCookie/whitebox/java.base/java/net/MaxAgeExpires.java
index 6704a290836..79139d69e50 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/HttpCookie/whitebox/java.base/java/net/MaxAgeExpires.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/HttpCookie/whitebox/java.base/java/net/MaxAgeExpires.java
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
 
 public class MaxAgeExpires {
 
@@ -138,4 +139,26 @@ public void test2() {
         cookie.setMaxAge(-2);
         assertEquals(-2, cookie.getMaxAge());
     }
+
+    public static Object[][] unparseableDates() {
+        return new Object[][] {
+            { "GARBAGE" },
+            { "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z" },       // format not supported by RFC-6265
+            { "January 1, 2099 00:00:00 GMT" } // format not supported by RFC-6265
+        };
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("unparseableDates")
+    public void testUnparseableExpires(String badDate) {
+        // RFC 6265 section 5.2.1: if the expires value fails to parse,
+        // the cookie-av should be ignored.
+        // That results in the HttpCookie implementation to have maxAge value of -1.
+        HttpCookie cookie = HttpCookie.parse(
+            "Set-Cookie: name=value; expires=" + badDate).get(0);
+        assertEquals(-1, cookie.getMaxAge(),
+            "Unparseable expires=\"" + badDate + "\" should be ignored");
+        assertFalse(cookie.hasExpired(),
+            "Cookie with ignored expires should not be expired");
+    }
 }

From d6899460c7ca5daf402258e5d3ccb399a5607d3a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Roland Westrelin <roland@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2026 09:25:58 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 230/707] 8380166: C2: crash in compiled code due to zero
 division because of widened CastII

Reviewed-by: qamai, chagedorn
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp         |    4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp           |    3 -
 src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp            |   14 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp            |    1 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp            |   25 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp            |    9 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/convertnode.cpp        |   14 -
 src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp            |   14 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp            |   13 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp           |    2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/movenode.cpp           |    5 -
 src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp               |   37 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp               |   13 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp             |    2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp             |  123 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp             |    6 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/rootnode.cpp           |   45 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/rootnode.hpp           |   31 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp         |    2 +-
 .../c2/TestDeadPathManyDeadDataNodes.java     | 1301 +++++++++++++++++
 .../TestDivByZeroInLiveCFGPath.java           |   64 +
 .../TestZeroDivModWidenedCastII.java          | 1122 ++++++++++++++
 ...yAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated.java |   24 +-
 23 files changed, 2793 insertions(+), 81 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestDeadPathManyDeadDataNodes.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/integerArithmetic/TestDivByZeroInLiveCFGPath.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/integerArithmetic/TestZeroDivModWidenedCastII.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
index 9ff88e8c310..dd9288f7617 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
@@ -922,8 +922,8 @@
           "Use StoreStore barrier instead of Release barrier at the end "   \
           "of constructors")                                                \
                                                                             \
-  develop(bool, KillPathsReachableByDeadTypeNode, true,                     \
-          "When a Type node becomes top, make paths where the node is "     \
+  develop(bool, KillPathsReachableByDeadDataNode, true,                     \
+          "When a data node becomes top, make paths where the node is "     \
           "used dead by replacing them with a Halt node. Turning this off " \
           "could corrupt the graph in rare cases and should be used with "  \
           "care.")                                                          \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp
index 7bb6b1dcb77..076a95acfd8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp
@@ -111,9 +111,6 @@ Node* ConstraintCastNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
   if (in(0) != nullptr && remove_dead_region(phase, can_reshape)) {
     return this;
   }
-  if (in(1) != nullptr && phase->type(in(1)) != Type::TOP) {
-    return TypeNode::Ideal(phase, can_reshape);
-  }
   return nullptr;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp
index 828e5bf299f..ed5da046608 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp
@@ -693,14 +693,13 @@ Node *RegionNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
       if (add_to_worklist) {
         igvn->add_users_to_worklist(this); // Check for further allowed opts
       }
-      for (DUIterator_Last imin, i = last_outs(imin); i >= imin; --i) {
+      uint edges_removed;
+      for (DUIterator_Last imin, i = last_outs(imin); i >= imin; i -= edges_removed) {
+        edges_removed = 1;
         Node* n = last_out(i);
         igvn->hash_delete(n); // Remove from worklist before modifying edges
         if (n->outcnt() == 0) {
-          int uses_found = n->replace_edge(this, phase->C->top(), igvn);
-          if (uses_found > 1) { // (--i) done at the end of the loop.
-            i -= (uses_found - 1);
-          }
+          edges_removed = n->replace_edge(this, phase->C->top(), igvn);
           continue;
         }
         if( n->is_Phi() ) {   // Collapse all Phis
@@ -719,10 +718,7 @@ Node *RegionNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
         }
         else if( n->is_Region() ) { // Update all incoming edges
           assert(n != this, "Must be removed from DefUse edges");
-          int uses_found = n->replace_edge(this, parent_ctrl, igvn);
-          if (uses_found > 1) { // (--i) done at the end of the loop.
-            i -= (uses_found - 1);
-          }
+          edges_removed = n->replace_edge(this, parent_ctrl, igvn);
         }
         else {
           assert(n->in(0) == this, "Expect RegionNode to be control parent");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp
index 53a72f979db..c296237de37 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp
@@ -121,6 +121,7 @@ macro(CompareAndExchangeI)
 macro(CompareAndExchangeL)
 macro(CompareAndExchangeP)
 macro(CompareAndExchangeN)
+macro(DeadPath)
 macro(GetAndAddB)
 macro(GetAndAddS)
 macro(GetAndAddI)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
index 93d8e4c425d..db43c6fb1c4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
@@ -312,6 +312,8 @@ void Compile::identify_useful_nodes(Unique_Node_List &useful) {
   // If 'top' is cached, declare it useful to preserve cached node
   if (cached_top_node())  { useful.push(cached_top_node()); }
 
+  if (dead_path()) { useful.push(dead_path()); }
+
   // Push all useful nodes onto the list, breadthfirst
   for( uint next = 0; next < useful.size(); ++next ) {
     assert( next < unique(), "Unique useful nodes < total nodes");
@@ -388,7 +390,7 @@ void Compile::remove_useless_node(Node* dead) {
   // it reachable by adding use edges. So, we will NOT count Con nodes
   // as dead to be conservative about the dead node count at any
   // given time.
-  if (!dead->is_Con()) {
+  if (!dead->is_Con() && dead != dead_path()) {
     record_dead_node(dead->_idx);
   }
   if (dead->is_macro()) {
@@ -684,6 +686,7 @@ Compile::Compile(ciEnv* ci_env, ciMethod* target, int osr_bci,
       _node_arena_one(mtCompiler, Arena::Tag::tag_node),
       _node_arena_two(mtCompiler, Arena::Tag::tag_node),
       _node_arena(&_node_arena_one),
+      _dead_path(nullptr),
       _mach_constant_base_node(nullptr),
       _Compile_types(mtCompiler, Arena::Tag::tag_type),
       _initial_gvn(nullptr),
@@ -754,6 +757,7 @@ Compile::Compile(ciEnv* ci_env, ciMethod* target, int osr_bci,
   }
 
   Init(/*do_aliasing=*/ true);
+  set_dead_path(new DeadPathNode());
 
   print_compile_messages();
 
@@ -963,6 +967,7 @@ Compile::Compile(ciEnv* ci_env,
       _node_arena_one(mtCompiler, Arena::Tag::tag_node),
       _node_arena_two(mtCompiler, Arena::Tag::tag_node),
       _node_arena(&_node_arena_one),
+      _dead_path(nullptr),
       _mach_constant_base_node(nullptr),
       _Compile_types(mtCompiler, Arena::Tag::tag_type),
       _initial_gvn(nullptr),
@@ -2630,6 +2635,9 @@ void Compile::Optimize() {
    }
  }
 
+  // Unique DeadPath node should not be used anymore
+  _dead_path = nullptr;
+
  print_method(PHASE_OPTIMIZE_FINISHED, 2);
  DEBUG_ONLY(set_phase_optimize_finished();)
 }
@@ -3938,6 +3946,21 @@ void Compile::final_graph_reshaping_main_switch(Node* n, Final_Reshape_Counts& f
     break;
   }
 #endif
+  case Op_DeadPath: {
+    // The CFG inputs are dead paths. Replace the DeadPath with a Region and insert a Halt node.
+    assert(n->req() > 1, "why not removed if no input other than itself?");
+    RegionNode* r = new RegionNode(n->req());
+    for (uint i = 1; i < n->req(); ++i) {
+      r->set_req(i, n->in(i));
+    }
+    n->disconnect_inputs(this);
+    Node* frame = start()->proj_out(TypeFunc::FramePtr);
+    stringStream ss;
+    ss.print("dead path discovered by data nodes during igvn");
+    Node* halt = new HaltNode(r, frame, ss.as_string(comp_arena()));
+    root()->set_req(root()->find_edge(n), halt);
+    break;
+  }
   default:
     assert(!n->is_Call(), "");
     assert(!n->is_Mem(), "");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp
index ab36f59a28f..73e136787f8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ class CallStaticJavaNode;
 class CloneMap;
 class CompilationFailureInfo;
 class ConnectionGraph;
+class DeadPathNode;
 class IdealGraphPrinter;
 class InlineTree;
 class Matcher;
@@ -427,7 +428,7 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
 private:
   RootNode*             _root;                  // Unique root of compilation, or null after bail-out.
   Node*                 _top;                   // Unique top node.  (Reset by various phases.)
-
+  DeadPathNode*         _dead_path;             // Unique DeadPath node
   Node*                 _immutable_memory;      // Initial memory state
 
   Node*                 _recent_alloc_obj;
@@ -897,6 +898,12 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
   Arena*       old_arena()                 { return (&_node_arena_one == _node_arena) ? &_node_arena_two : &_node_arena_one; }
   RootNode*    root() const                { return _root; }
   void         set_root(RootNode* r)       { _root = r; }
+  DeadPathNode* dead_path() const          { return _dead_path; }
+
+  void set_dead_path(DeadPathNode* dead_path) {
+    assert(_dead_path == nullptr, "can only set once");
+    _dead_path = dead_path;
+  }
   StartNode*   start() const;              // (Derived from root.)
   void         verify_start(StartNode* s) const NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
   Node*        immutable_memory();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/convertnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/convertnode.cpp
index a495814da61..d706a13feb3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/convertnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/convertnode.cpp
@@ -755,13 +755,6 @@ bool Compile::push_thru_add(PhaseGVN* phase, Node* z, const TypeInteger* tz, con
 
 //------------------------------Ideal------------------------------------------
 Node* ConvI2LNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
-  if (in(1) != nullptr && phase->type(in(1)) != Type::TOP) {
-    Node* progress = TypeNode::Ideal(phase, can_reshape);
-    if (progress != nullptr) {
-      return progress;
-    }
-  }
-
   const TypeLong* this_type = this->type()->is_long();
   if (can_reshape && !phase->C->post_loop_opts_phase()) {
     // makes sure we run ::Value to potentially remove type assertion after loop opts
@@ -864,13 +857,6 @@ const Type* ConvL2INode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
 // Return a node which is more "ideal" than the current node.
 // Blow off prior masking to int
 Node* ConvL2INode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
-  if (in(1) != nullptr && phase->type(in(1)) != Type::TOP) {
-    Node* progress = TypeNode::Ideal(phase, can_reshape);
-    if (progress != nullptr) {
-      return progress;
-    }
-  }
-
   Node *andl = in(1);
   uint andl_op = andl->Opcode();
   if( andl_op == Op_AndL ) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp
index 1687ff2cade..3b51491294e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp
@@ -1031,6 +1031,10 @@ const Type* UDivINode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
   if( t1 == Type::TOP ) return Type::TOP;
   if( t2 == Type::TOP ) return Type::TOP;
 
+  if (t2 == TypeInt::ZERO) {
+    return Type::TOP;
+  }
+
   // x/x == 1 since we always generate the dynamic divisor check for 0.
   if (in(1) == in(2)) {
     return TypeInt::ONE;
@@ -1067,6 +1071,10 @@ const Type* UDivLNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
   if( t1 == Type::TOP ) return Type::TOP;
   if( t2 == Type::TOP ) return Type::TOP;
 
+  if (t2 == TypeLong::ZERO) {
+    return Type::TOP;
+  }
+
   // x/x == 1 since we always generate the dynamic divisor check for 0.
   if (in(1) == in(2)) {
     return TypeLong::ONE;
@@ -1380,6 +1388,9 @@ Node* UModINode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
 }
 
 const Type* UModINode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
+  if (phase->type(in(2)) == TypeInt::ZERO) {
+    return Type::TOP;
+  }
   return unsigned_mod_value<TypeInt, juint, jint>(phase, this);
 }
 
@@ -1520,6 +1531,9 @@ Node *UModLNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
 }
 
 const Type* UModLNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
+  if (phase->type(in(2)) == TypeLong::ZERO) {
+    return Type::TOP;
+  }
   return unsigned_mod_value<TypeLong, julong, jlong>(phase, this);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp
index 366e3fb882d..de89dcaad06 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp
@@ -40,7 +40,9 @@ class DivModIntegerNode : public Node {
   bool _pinned;
 
 protected:
-  DivModIntegerNode(Node* c, Node* dividend, Node* divisor) : Node(c, dividend, divisor), _pinned(false) {}
+  DivModIntegerNode(Node* c, Node* dividend, Node* divisor) : Node(c, dividend, divisor), _pinned(false) {
+    init_class_id(Class_DivModInteger);
+  }
 
 private:
   virtual uint size_of() const override { return sizeof(DivModIntegerNode); }
@@ -52,6 +54,15 @@ class DivModIntegerNode : public Node {
     res->_pinned = true;
     return res;
   }
+
+public:
+  const TypeInteger* zero() const {
+    if (bottom_type() == TypeInt::INT) {
+      return TypeInt::ZERO;
+    }
+    assert(bottom_type() == TypeLong::LONG, "should be int or long");
+    return TypeLong::ZERO;
+  }
 };
 
 //------------------------------DivINode---------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp
index ccd53129a87..d525c274ef6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp
@@ -1725,7 +1725,7 @@ void PhaseIdealLoop::try_sink_out_of_loop(Node* n) {
       !n->is_OpaqueTemplateAssertionPredicate() &&
       !is_raw_to_oop_cast && // don't extend live ranges of raw oops
       n->Opcode() != Op_CreateEx &&
-      (KillPathsReachableByDeadTypeNode || !n->is_Type())
+      (KillPathsReachableByDeadDataNode || !n->is_Type())
       ) {
     Node *n_ctrl = get_ctrl(n);
     IdealLoopTree *n_loop = get_loop(n_ctrl);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/movenode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/movenode.cpp
index 6b6becb434f..7d38238da2f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/movenode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/movenode.cpp
@@ -90,11 +90,6 @@ Node *CMoveNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
       phase->type(in(IfTrue))    == Type::TOP) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  Node* progress = TypeNode::Ideal(phase, can_reshape);
-  if (progress != nullptr) {
-    return progress;
-  }
-
   // Check for Min/Max patterns. This is called before constants are pushed to the right input, as that transform can
   // make BoolTests non-canonical.
   Node* minmax = Ideal_minmax(phase, this);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp
index 726a3ea1b55..264216ddc6d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp
@@ -597,6 +597,7 @@ void Node::setup_is_top() {
 //------------------------------~Node------------------------------------------
 // Fancy destructor; eagerly attempt to reclaim Node numberings and storage
 void Node::destruct(PhaseValues* phase) {
+  assert(this != Compile::current()->dead_path(), "we want to keep the unique DeadPath node around");
   Compile* compile = (phase != nullptr) ? phase->C : Compile::current();
   if (phase != nullptr && phase->is_IterGVN()) {
     phase->is_IterGVN()->_worklist.remove(this);
@@ -735,11 +736,14 @@ void Node::out_grow(uint len) {
 //------------------------------is_dead----------------------------------------
 bool Node::is_dead() const {
   // Mach and pinch point nodes may look like dead.
-  if( is_top() || is_Mach() || (Opcode() == Op_Node && _outcnt > 0) )
+  if (is_top() || is_Mach() || (Opcode() == Op_Node && _outcnt > 0) || this == Compile::current()->dead_path()) {
     return false;
-  for( uint i = 0; i < _max; i++ )
-    if( _in[i] != nullptr )
+  }
+  for (uint i = 0; i < _max; i++) {
+    if (_in[i] != nullptr) {
       return false;
+    }
+  }
   return true;
 }
 
@@ -3178,10 +3182,11 @@ uint TypeNode::ideal_reg() const {
   return _type->ideal_reg();
 }
 
-void TypeNode::make_path_dead(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, Node* ctrl_use, uint j, const char* phase_str) {
+void Node::make_path_dead(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, Node* ctrl_use, uint j, const char* phase_str) {
   Node* c = ctrl_use->in(j);
-  if (igvn->type(c) != Type::TOP) {
-    igvn->replace_input_of(ctrl_use, j, igvn->C->top());
+  Node* top = igvn->C->top();
+  if (c != top) {
+    igvn->replace_input_of(ctrl_use, j, top);
     create_halt_path(igvn, c, loop, phase_str);
   }
 }
@@ -3193,14 +3198,18 @@ void TypeNode::make_path_dead(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, Node* ct
 // constant folds and the control flow that leads to the Type node becomes unreachable. There are cases where that
 // doesn't happen, however. They are handled here by following uses of the Type node until a CFG or a Phi to find dead
 // paths. The dead paths are then replaced by a Halt node.
-void TypeNode::make_paths_from_here_dead(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, const char* phase_str) {
+void Node::make_paths_from_here_dead(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, const char* phase_str) {
   Unique_Node_List wq;
   wq.push(this);
   for (uint i = 0; i < wq.size(); ++i) {
     Node* n = wq.at(i);
+    if (n->is_CFG()) {
+      n->remove_dead_region(igvn, true);
+    }
     for (DUIterator_Fast kmax, k = n->fast_outs(kmax); k < kmax; k++) {
       Node* u = n->fast_out(k);
       if (u->is_CFG()) {
+        wq.push(u);
         assert(!u->is_Region(), "Can't reach a Region without going through a Phi");
         make_path_dead(igvn, loop, u, 0, phase_str);
       } else if (u->is_Phi()) {
@@ -3220,7 +3229,7 @@ void TypeNode::make_paths_from_here_dead(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, PhaseIdealLoop* loo
   }
 }
 
-void TypeNode::create_halt_path(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node* c, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, const char* phase_str) const {
+void Node::create_halt_path(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node* c, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, const char* phase_str) {
   Node* frame = new ParmNode(igvn->C->start(), TypeFunc::FramePtr);
   if (loop == nullptr) {
     igvn->register_new_node_with_optimizer(frame);
@@ -3239,15 +3248,3 @@ void TypeNode::create_halt_path(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node* c, PhaseIdealLoop* loo
   }
   igvn->add_input_to(igvn->C->root(), halt);
 }
-
-Node* TypeNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
-  if (KillPathsReachableByDeadTypeNode && can_reshape && Value(phase) == Type::TOP) {
-    PhaseIterGVN* igvn = phase->is_IterGVN();
-    Node* top = igvn->C->top();
-    ResourceMark rm;
-    make_paths_from_here_dead(igvn, nullptr, "igvn");
-    return top;
-  }
-
-  return Node::Ideal(phase, can_reshape);
-}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp
index b3de7498e50..e593822c313 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ class CountedLoopEndNode;
 class DecodeNarrowPtrNode;
 class DecodeNNode;
 class DecodeNKlassNode;
+class DivModIntegerNode;
 class EncodeNarrowPtrNode;
 class EncodePNode;
 class EncodePKlassNode;
@@ -829,8 +830,9 @@ class Node {
     DEFINE_CLASS_ID(LShift,   Node, 21)
     DEFINE_CLASS_ID(Neg,      Node, 22)
     DEFINE_CLASS_ID(ReachabilityFence, Node, 23)
+    DEFINE_CLASS_ID(DivModInteger, Node, 24)
 
-    _max_classes  = ClassMask_Neg
+    _max_classes  = ClassMask_DivModInteger
   };
   #undef DEFINE_CLASS_ID
 
@@ -947,6 +949,7 @@ class Node {
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(DecodeNarrowPtr)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(DecodeN)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(DecodeNKlass)
+  DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(DivModInteger)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(EncodeNarrowPtr)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(EncodeP)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(EncodePKlass)
@@ -1501,6 +1504,10 @@ class Node {
   uint        _del_tick;               // Bumped when a deletion happens..
   #endif
 #endif
+  void make_paths_from_here_dead(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, const char* phase_str);
+
+  static void create_halt_path(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node* c, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, const char* phase_str);
+  void make_path_dead(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, Node* ctrl_use, uint j, const char* phase_str);
 };
 
 inline bool not_a_node(const Node* n) {
@@ -2198,17 +2205,13 @@ class TypeNode : public Node {
     init_class_id(Class_Type);
   }
   virtual const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const;
-  virtual Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape);
   virtual const Type *bottom_type() const;
   virtual       uint  ideal_reg() const;
 
-  void make_path_dead(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, Node* ctrl_use, uint j, const char* phase_str);
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   virtual void dump_spec(outputStream *st) const;
   virtual void dump_compact_spec(outputStream *st) const;
 #endif
-  void make_paths_from_here_dead(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, const char* phase_str);
-  void create_halt_path(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node* c, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, const char* phase_str) const;
 };
 
 #include "opto/opcodes.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
index 9cb20cfcd00..6e58fae51e1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
@@ -1843,7 +1843,7 @@ void Parse::sharpen_type_after_if(BoolTest::mask btest,
     const Type* obj_type = _gvn.type(obj);
     const Type* tboth = obj_type->filter_speculative(cast_type);
     assert(tboth->higher_equal(obj_type) && tboth->higher_equal(cast_type), "sanity");
-    if (tboth == Type::TOP && KillPathsReachableByDeadTypeNode) {
+    if (tboth == Type::TOP && KillPathsReachableByDeadDataNode) {
       // Let dead type node cleaning logic prune effectively dead path for us.
       // CheckCastPP::Value() == TOP and it will trigger the cleanup during GVN.
       // Don't materialize the cast when cleanup is disabled, because
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
index a4d6a6c33d0..c124f940a27 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "opto/castnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/cfgnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/convertnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/divnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/idealGraphPrinter.hpp"
 #include "opto/loopnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/machnode.hpp"
@@ -2197,6 +2198,107 @@ Node *PhaseIterGVN::transform( Node *n ) {
   return transform_old(n);
 }
 
+DeadPathNode* PhaseIterGVN::dead_path() {
+  DeadPathNode* dead_path_node = C->dead_path();
+  if (!dead_path_node->is_active()) {
+    dead_path_node->activate(this);
+  }
+  assert(C->root()->find_edge(dead_path_node) > 0, "should be reachable from root");
+  return dead_path_node;
+}
+
+
+// If dead_node is a data node, all CFG nodes reachable from dead_node are dead cfg paths. This method follows uses from
+// dead_node until it encounters a cfg node or a phi and eagerly kills these dead cfg paths. This is needed because, in
+// some corner cases, a data node dies but some data paths that use it (and are unreachable at runtime) are not proven
+// dead by igvn, possibly leading to incorrect IR graphs.
+// Also see comment at DeadPathNode declaration.
+void PhaseIterGVN::make_dependent_paths_dead_if_top(Node* dead_node, const Type* t) {
+  if (t != Type::TOP) {
+    return;
+  }
+  if (!KillPathsReachableByDeadDataNode) {
+    return;
+  }
+  // dead_node is going dead, follow uses
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  Unique_Node_List wq;
+  wq.push(dead_node);
+  for (uint i = 0; i < wq.size(); i++) {
+    Node* n = wq.at(i);
+    if (n != dead_node && (n->is_Phi() || n->is_CFG())) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    for (DUIterator_Fast kmax, k = n->fast_outs(kmax); k < kmax; k++) {
+      Node* u = n->fast_out(k);
+      wq.push(u);
+    }
+  }
+  for (uint i = 0; i < wq.size(); i++) {
+    Node* n = wq.at(i);
+    if (n->is_Phi()) {
+      Node* region = n->in(0);
+      // Find out through which of the Phi's input, we reached that Phi and mark the corresponding CFG path dead
+      for (uint j = 1; j < n->req(); j++) {
+        Node* in = n->in(j);
+        // We don't follow uses beyond Phis so if 'in' is a Phi (unless it's dead_node), we couldn't reach this Phi through it
+        if (in == dead_node || (in != nullptr && !in->is_Phi() && wq.member(in))) {
+          if (!region->is_top() && region->in(j) != nullptr && !region->in(j)->is_top()) {
+            // We reached this CFG path through data nodes, record it in dead path to later insert a Halt node, if it
+            // doesn't die in the meantime
+            dead_path()->add_req(region->in(j));
+            _worklist.push(dead_path());
+            replace_input_of(region, j, C->top());
+          }
+          replace_input_of(n, j, C->top());
+          if (in->outcnt() == 0) {
+            remove_dead_node(in, NodeOrigin::Graph);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (n == dead_node) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    // We don't want to follow CFG nodes but is_CFG() can return false for a cfg projection if its input is top. So
+    // there's no foolproof way of telling if dead_node is a cfg or not and as a consequence we can reach a Region.
+    if (n->is_Region()) {
+      // Find out through which of the Region's input, we reached that Region and mark it dead
+      for (uint j = 1; j < n->req(); j++) {
+        Node* in = n->in(j);
+        // We don't follow uses beyond Regions so if 'in' is a Region, we couldn't reach this Region through it
+        if (in != nullptr && !in->is_Region() && wq.member(in)) {
+          replace_input_of(n, j, C->top());
+          in->remove_dead_region(this, true);
+        }
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+    // If we reached this CFG node through a data input...
+    if (n->is_CFG()) {
+      Node* control_input = n->in(0);
+      if (control_input != nullptr && !control_input->is_top()) {
+        // record it in dead path to later insert a Halt node, if it doesn't die in the meantime
+        dead_path()->add_req(control_input);
+        _worklist.push(dead_path());
+        replace_input_of(n, 0, C->top());
+      }
+      n->remove_dead_region(this, true);
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (n->outcnt() == 0) {
+      remove_dead_node(n, NodeOrigin::Graph);
+    }
+  }
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  for (uint i = 0; i < wq.size(); i++) {
+    Node* n = wq.at(i);
+    assert(n->is_Region() || n->is_Phi() || n->is_CFG() || n->outcnt() == 0, "node should be dead now");
+  }
+#endif
+}
+
 Node *PhaseIterGVN::transform_old(Node* n) {
   NOT_PRODUCT(set_transforms());
   // Remove 'n' from hash table in case it gets modified
@@ -2288,6 +2390,7 @@ Node *PhaseIterGVN::transform_old(Node* n) {
   }
   // If 'k' computes a constant, replace it with a constant
   if (t->singleton() && !k->is_Con()) {
+    make_dependent_paths_dead_if_top(k, t);
     set_progress();
     Node* con = makecon(t);     // Make a constant
     add_users_to_worklist(k);
@@ -2957,10 +3060,14 @@ void PhaseCCP::analyze_step(Unique_Node_List& worklist, Node* n) {
     set_type(n, new_type);
     push_child_nodes_to_worklist(worklist, n);
   }
-  if (KillPathsReachableByDeadTypeNode && n->is_Type() && new_type == Type::TOP) {
+  if (KillPathsReachableByDeadDataNode && n->is_Type() && new_type == Type::TOP) {
     // Keep track of Type nodes to kill CFG paths that use Type
     // nodes that become dead.
-    _maybe_top_type_nodes.push(n);
+    _maybe_top_type_or_div_mod_nodes.push(n);
+  }
+  if (KillPathsReachableByDeadDataNode && new_type == Type::TOP && n->is_DivModInteger() &&
+      type(n->in(2)) == n->as_DivModInteger()->zero()) {
+    _maybe_top_type_or_div_mod_nodes.push(n);
   }
 }
 
@@ -3256,16 +3363,16 @@ Node *PhaseCCP::transform( Node *n ) {
   // track all visited nodes, so that we can remove the complement
   Unique_Node_List useful;
 
-  if (KillPathsReachableByDeadTypeNode) {
-    for (uint i = 0; i < _maybe_top_type_nodes.size(); ++i) {
-      Node* type_node = _maybe_top_type_nodes.at(i);
-      if (type(type_node) == Type::TOP) {
+  if (KillPathsReachableByDeadDataNode) {
+    for (uint i = 0; i < _maybe_top_type_or_div_mod_nodes.size(); ++i) {
+      Node* data_node = _maybe_top_type_or_div_mod_nodes.at(i);
+      if (type(data_node) == Type::TOP) {
         ResourceMark rm;
-        type_node->as_Type()->make_paths_from_here_dead(this, nullptr, "ccp");
+        data_node->make_paths_from_here_dead(this, nullptr, "ccp");
       }
     }
   } else {
-    assert(_maybe_top_type_nodes.size() == 0, "we don't need type nodes");
+    assert(_maybe_top_type_or_div_mod_nodes.size() == 0, "we don't need type nodes");
   }
 
   // Initialize the traversal.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp
index 014d16f92f6..7ea7aa99142 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp
@@ -501,6 +501,10 @@ class PhaseIterGVN : public PhaseGVN {
   // Usually returns new_type.  Returns old_type if new_type is only a slight
   // improvement, such that it would take many (>>10) steps to reach 2**32.
 
+  DeadPathNode* dead_path();
+
+  void make_dependent_paths_dead_if_top(Node* dead_node, const Type* t);
+
 public:
 
   PhaseIterGVN(PhaseIterGVN* igvn); // Used by CCP constructor
@@ -695,7 +699,7 @@ class PhaseIterGVN : public PhaseGVN {
 // Should be replaced with combined CCP & GVN someday.
 class PhaseCCP : public PhaseIterGVN {
   Unique_Node_List _root_and_safepoints;
-  Unique_Node_List _maybe_top_type_nodes;
+  Unique_Node_List _maybe_top_type_or_div_mod_nodes;
   // Non-recursive.  Use analysis to transform single Node.
   virtual Node* transform_once(Node* n);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/rootnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/rootnode.cpp
index 60167c5436a..1e5ef29e79c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/rootnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/rootnode.cpp
@@ -90,3 +90,48 @@ const Type* HaltNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
 const RegMask &HaltNode::out_RegMask() const {
   return RegMask::EMPTY;
 }
+
+Node* DeadPathNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
+  assert(unique_ctrl_out() == phase->C->root(), "only referenced from root");
+  assert(can_reshape, "only used once igvn executes");
+  bool modified = false;
+  for (uint i = 1; i < req(); i++) { // For all inputs
+    // Check for and remove dead inputs
+    if (phase->type(in(i)) == Type::TOP) {
+      del_req(i--);             // Delete TOP inputs
+      modified = true;
+    }
+  }
+  if (req() == 1 && is_active()) {
+    assert(modified, "only if some inputs were removed");
+    deactivate();
+  }
+  return modified ? this : nullptr;
+}
+
+const Type* DeadPathNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
+  if (req() == 1) {
+    return Type::TOP;
+  }
+  return bottom_type();
+}
+
+void DeadPathNode::activate(PhaseIterGVN* igvn) {
+  assert(Compile::current()->root()->find_edge(this) < 0, "should be disconnected from root");
+  set_req(0, this);
+  // If an entire subgraph died such as with Node::remove_dead_region(), some dead inputs to the DeadPath node will have
+  // been left behind
+  while (req() > 1) {
+    uint last = req() - 1;
+    assert(in(last) == nullptr || in(last)->is_top(), "only dead inputs should remain");
+    del_req(last);
+  }
+  Node* root_node = Compile::current()->root();
+  root_node->add_req(this);
+  igvn->_worklist.push(root_node);
+  igvn->set_type(this, bottom_type());
+}
+
+void DeadPathNode::deactivate() {
+  set_req(0, nullptr);
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/rootnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/rootnode.hpp
index 76f0ec440a9..61ad317d455 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/rootnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/rootnode.hpp
@@ -69,4 +69,35 @@ class HaltNode : public Node {
   virtual uint match_edge(uint idx) const { return 0; }
 };
 
+
+// This node collects paths that are found dead by PhaseIterGVN::make_dependent_paths_dead_if_top()
+
+// There is a single DeadPath node for the lifetime of optimizations. It's initially not active (i.e. unreachable from
+// the IR graph). When a cfg path becomes dead it's added as an input to the unique DeadPath node. If after some
+// optimizations run, the DeadPath node gets disconnected, it's not destroyed. It becomes inactive and can possibly be
+// activated again on a subsequent igvn. When optimizations are over, the DeadPath node, if it is active, is expanded to
+// a Region and Halt node in Compile::final_graph_reshaping().
+
+// Rather than having this dedicated node, igvn could add a Halt node everytime it finds a dead cfg path from a data
+// node. What's likely, however, is that as igvn progresses, that same cfg path is found dead by following cfg edges.
+// The Halt node then becomes dead. To avoid this unnecessary cycle of creation of a Halt node only to have it be found
+// dead shortly after, dead cfg paths are added to the unique DeadPath node.
+class DeadPathNode : public RegionNode {
+public:
+  DeadPathNode() : RegionNode(1) {
+    deactivate();
+    assert(Compile::current()->dead_path() == nullptr, "only one");
+  }
+  virtual int   Opcode() const;
+  virtual const Type* bottom_type() const { return Type::BOTTOM; }
+  virtual Node* Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) { return this; }
+  virtual Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape);
+  virtual const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const;
+  bool is_active() const {
+    return in(0) == this;
+  }
+  void activate(PhaseIterGVN* igvn);
+  void deactivate();
+};
+
 #endif // SHARE_OPTO_ROOTNODE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
index 20857eed35c..60eda1204b7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
@@ -2391,7 +2391,7 @@ Node* VectorMaskOpNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
   if (n != nullptr) {
     return n;
   }
-  return TypeNode::Ideal(phase, can_reshape);
+  return nullptr;
 }
 
 Node* VectorMaskCastNode::Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestDeadPathManyDeadDataNodes.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestDeadPathManyDeadDataNodes.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e9c5a8f7529
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestDeadPathManyDeadDataNodes.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1301 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8380166
+ * @summary C2: crash in compiled code due to zero division because of widened CastII
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -Xcomp -XX:CompileOnly=TestDeadPathManyDeadDataNodes::test1
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=quiet
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=inline,TestDeadPathManyDeadDataNodes::inlined1
+ *                   -XX:MaxRecursiveInlineLevel=1000 -XX:MaxInlineLevel=1000
+ *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline
+ *                   -XX:+DelayAfterInliningCutoff -XX:+IncrementalInlineForceCleanup
+ *                   -XX:NodeCountInliningCutoff=100000 -XX:+StressIGVN
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.c2;
+
+public class TestDeadPathManyDeadDataNodes {
+    private static int field;
+    private static boolean boolField2;
+    private static int arrayLengthField;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Object o = new Object();
+        try {
+            test1(false, 0);
+        } catch (NegativeArraySizeException nase) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static int test1(boolean boolParam, int intParam) {
+        int length;
+        int res = 0;
+        length = -1;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+            if (boolParam) {
+                field = 42;
+            }
+            int[] array = new int[length];
+            arrayLengthField = array.length;
+            while(true) {
+                Object o = new Object();
+                int arrayLength = arrayLengthField;
+                arrayLengthField = 0;
+                switch (intParam) {
+                    case 0:
+                        if (boolField2) {
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 1:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 2:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 3:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 4:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 5:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 6:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 7:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 8:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 9:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 10:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 11:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 12:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 13:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 14:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 15:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 16:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 17:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 18:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 19:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 20:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 21:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 22:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 23:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 24:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 25:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 26:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 27:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 28:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 29:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 30:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 31:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 32:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 33:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 34:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 35:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 36:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 37:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 38:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 39:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 40:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 41:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 42:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 43:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 44:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 45:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 46:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 47:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 48:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 49:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 50:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 51:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 52:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 53:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 54:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 55:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 56:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 57:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 58:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 59:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 60:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 61:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 62:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 63:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 64:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 65:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 66:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 67:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 68:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 69:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 70:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 71:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 72:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 73:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 74:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 75:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 76:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 77:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 78:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 79:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 80:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 81:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 82:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 83:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 84:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 85:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 86:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 87:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 88:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 89:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 90:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 91:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 92:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 93:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 94:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 95:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 96:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 97:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 98:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 1;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    case 99:
+                        if (boolParam) {
+                            res += arrayLength * 2;
+                        }
+                        field = 42;
+                        continue;
+                    default:
+                        res += inlined1(boolParam, intParam/100, arrayLength, 92);
+                        continue;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                break;
+            }
+            length = lastInlined();
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    static int lastInlined() {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    static int inlined1(boolean boolParam, int intParam,  int arrayLength, int count) {
+        int res = 0;
+        switch (intParam) {
+            case 0:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 1:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 2:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 3:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 4:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 5:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 6:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 7:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 8:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 9:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 10:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 11:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 12:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 13:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 14:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 15:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 16:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 17:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 18:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 19:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 20:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 21:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 22:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 23:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 24:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 25:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 26:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 27:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 28:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 29:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 30:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 31:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 32:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 33:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 34:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 35:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 36:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 37:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 38:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 39:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 40:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 41:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 42:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 43:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 44:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 45:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 46:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 47:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 48:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 49:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 50:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 51:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 52:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 53:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 54:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 55:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 56:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 57:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 58:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 59:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 60:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 61:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 62:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 63:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 64:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 65:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 66:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 67:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 68:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 69:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 70:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 71:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 72:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 73:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 74:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 75:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 76:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 77:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 78:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 79:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 80:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 81:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 82:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 83:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 84:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 85:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 86:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 87:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 88:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 89:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 90:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 91:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 92:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 93:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 94:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 95:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 96:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 97:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 98:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            case 99:
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 2;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+            default:
+                if (count == 0) {
+                if (boolParam) {
+                    res += arrayLength * 1;
+                }
+                field = 42;
+                return res;
+                } else {
+                    return inlined1(boolParam, intParam / 100, arrayLength, count-1);
+                }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/integerArithmetic/TestDivByZeroInLiveCFGPath.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/integerArithmetic/TestDivByZeroInLiveCFGPath.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6eaf3d86e71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/integerArithmetic/TestDivByZeroInLiveCFGPath.java
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8383815
+ * @summary C2: assert(false) failed: malformed IfNode with 1 outputs
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}*::* -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xbatch -XX:PerMethodTrapLimit=0 ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.integerArithmetic;
+
+public class TestDivByZeroInLiveCFGPath {
+    static long lFld;
+    static int iArr[] = new int[400];
+
+    public static void main(String[] strArr) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            test();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test() {
+        int x;
+        for (int i = 9; i < 100; ++i) {
+            int j = 100;
+            while (--j > 0) {
+                iArr[1] = (int) lFld;
+            }
+            try {
+                iArr[1] = (5 / j);
+                x = (i / iArr[8]);
+            } catch (ArithmeticException a_e) {
+            }
+        }
+
+        for (int i = 18; i < 50; i++) {
+            iArr[2] += lFld;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/integerArithmetic/TestZeroDivModWidenedCastII.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/integerArithmetic/TestZeroDivModWidenedCastII.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a5bc8fc9287
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/integerArithmetic/TestZeroDivModWidenedCastII.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1122 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8380166
+ * @summary C2: crash in compiled code due to zero division because of widened CastII
+ *
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:-UseOnStackReplacement -XX:-BackgroundCompilation
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ *
+ */
+
+package compiler.integerArithmetic;
+
+public class TestZeroDivModWidenedCastII {
+    private static int intField;
+    private static long longField;
+    private static volatile int volatileField;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; i++) {
+            test1(0, 9, 1, true, false);
+            test1(0, 9, 1, false, false);
+            inlined1_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
+            inlined1_3(0, 0);
+            test2(0, 9, 1, true, false);
+            test2(0, 9, 1, false, false);
+            inlined2_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
+            inlined2_3(0, 0);
+            test3(0, 9, 1, true, false);
+            test3(0, 9, 1, false, false);
+            inlined3_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
+            inlined3_3(0, 0);
+            test4(0, 9, 1, true, false);
+            test4(0, 9, 1, false, false);
+            inlined4_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
+            inlined4_3(0, 0);
+            test5(0, 9, 1, true, false);
+            test5(0, 9, 1, false, false);
+            inlined5_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
+            inlined5_3(0, 0);
+            test6(0, 9, 1, true, false);
+            test6(0, 9, 1, false, false);
+            inlined6_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
+            inlined6_3(0, 0);
+            test7(0, 9, 1, true, false);
+            test7(0, 9, 1, false, false);
+            inlined7_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
+            inlined7_3(0, 0);
+            test8(0, 9, 1, true, false);
+            test8(0, 9, 1, false, false);
+            inlined8_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
+            inlined8_3(0, 0);
+            test9(0, 9, 1, true, false);
+            test9(0, 9, 1, false, false);
+            inlined9_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
+            inlined9_3(0, 0);
+            test10(0, 9, 1, false);
+            inlined10_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
+            inlined10_3(0, 0);
+            test11(0, 9, 1, false);
+            inlined11_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
+            inlined11_3(0, 0);
+            test12(0, 9, 1, false);
+            inlined12_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
+            inlined12_3(0, 0);
+            test13(0, 9, 1, false);
+            inlined13_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
+            inlined13_3(0, 0);
+            test14(0, 9, 1, false);
+            inlined14_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
+            inlined14_3(0, 0);
+            test15(0, 9, 1, false);
+            inlined15_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
+            inlined15_3(0, 0);
+            test16(0, 9, 1, false);
+            inlined16_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
+            inlined16_3(0, 0);
+            test17(0, 9, 1, false);
+            inlined17_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
+            inlined17_3(0, 0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void test1(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag2, boolean flag3) {
+        int l = 0;
+        for (; l < 10; l++);
+        int m = inlined1_3(j, l);
+
+        int i = inlined1(k, flag2);
+        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
+        int[] array = new int[10];
+        if (flag == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+        if (flag2) {
+            inlined1_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+        } else {
+            inlined1_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static int inlined1_3(int j, int l) {
+        if (l == 10) {
+            j = 1;
+        }
+        return j;
+    }
+
+    private static void inlined1_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
+        if (flag3) {
+            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
+            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
+            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
+            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
+            if (flag == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+            }
+            intField = 1 / (otherArray.length + 2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int[] arrayField1 = new int[10];
+
+    // produces -3 after macro expansion
+    private static int inlined1(int k, boolean flag2) {
+        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
+        arrayField1[0] = -3;
+        int[] array2;
+        if (flag2) {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        } else {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        }
+        int j;
+        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+
+            }
+        }
+        return arrayField1[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
+    }
+
+    private static void test2(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag2, boolean flag3) {
+        int l = 0;
+        for (; l < 10; l++);
+        int m = inlined2_3(j, l);
+
+        int i = inlined2(k, flag2);
+        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
+        int[] array = new int[10];
+        if (flag == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+        if (flag2) {
+            inlined2_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+        } else {
+            inlined2_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static int inlined2_3(int j, int l) {
+        if (l == 10) {
+            j = 1;
+        }
+        return j;
+    }
+
+    static int test2D = 1;
+
+    private static void inlined2_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
+        if (flag3) {
+            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
+            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
+            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
+            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
+            if (flag == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+            }
+            intField = test2D / (otherArray.length + 2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int[] arrayField2 = new int[10];
+
+    // produces 0 after macro expansion
+    private static int inlined2(int k, boolean flag2) {
+        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
+        arrayField2[0] = -3;
+        int[] array2;
+        if (flag2) {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        } else {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        }
+        int j;
+        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+
+            }
+        }
+        return arrayField2[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
+    }
+
+    private static void test3(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag2, boolean flag3) {
+        int l = 0;
+        for (; l < 10; l++);
+        int m = inlined3_3(j, l);
+
+        int i = inlined3(k, flag2);
+        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
+        int[] array = new int[10];
+        if (flag == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+        if (flag2) {
+            inlined3_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+        } else {
+            inlined3_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static int inlined3_3(int j, int l) {
+        if (l == 10) {
+            j = 1;
+        }
+        return j;
+    }
+
+    static long test3D = 1;
+
+    private static void inlined3_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
+        if (flag3) {
+            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
+            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
+            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
+            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
+            if (flag == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+            }
+            longField = test3D / (otherArray.length + 2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int[] arrayField3 = new int[10];
+
+    // produces 0 after macro expansion
+    private static int inlined3(int k, boolean flag2) {
+        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
+        arrayField3[0] = -3;
+        int[] array2;
+        if (flag2) {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        } else {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        }
+        int j;
+        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+
+            }
+        }
+        return arrayField3[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
+    }
+
+    private static void test4(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag2, boolean flag3) {
+        int l = 0;
+        for (; l < 10; l++);
+        int m = inlined4_3(j, l);
+
+        int i = inlined4(k, flag2);
+        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
+        int[] array = new int[10];
+        if (flag == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+        if (flag2) {
+            inlined4_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+        } else {
+            inlined4_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static int inlined4_3(int j, int l) {
+        if (l == 10) {
+            j = 1;
+        }
+        return j;
+    }
+
+    static int test4D = 1;
+
+    private static void inlined4_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
+        if (flag3) {
+            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
+            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
+            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
+            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
+            if (flag == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+            }
+            intField = test4D % (otherArray.length + 2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int[] arrayField4 = new int[10];
+
+    // produces 0 after macro expansion
+    private static int inlined4(int k, boolean flag2) {
+        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
+        arrayField4[0] = -3;
+        int[] array2;
+        if (flag2) {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        } else {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        }
+        int j;
+        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+
+            }
+        }
+        return arrayField4[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
+    }
+
+    private static void test5(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag2, boolean flag3) {
+        int l = 0;
+        for (; l < 10; l++);
+        int m = inlined5_3(j, l);
+
+        int i = inlined5(k, flag2);
+        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
+        int[] array = new int[10];
+        if (flag == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+        if (flag2) {
+            inlined5_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+        } else {
+            inlined5_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static int inlined5_3(int j, int l) {
+        if (l == 10) {
+            j = 1;
+        }
+        return j;
+    }
+
+    static long test5D = 1;
+
+    private static void inlined5_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
+        if (flag3) {
+            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
+            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
+            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
+            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
+            if (flag == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+            }
+            longField = test5D % (otherArray.length + 2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int[] arrayField5 = new int[10];
+
+    // produces 0 after macro expansion
+    private static int inlined5(int k, boolean flag2) {
+        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
+        arrayField5[0] = -3;
+        int[] array2;
+        if (flag2) {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        } else {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        }
+        int j;
+        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+
+            }
+        }
+        return arrayField5[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
+    }
+
+    private static void test6(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag2, boolean flag3) {
+        int l = 0;
+        for (; l < 10; l++);
+        int m = inlined6_3(j, l);
+
+        int i = inlined6(k, flag2);
+        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
+        int[] array = new int[10];
+        if (flag == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+        if (flag2) {
+            inlined6_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+        } else {
+            inlined6_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static int inlined6_3(int j, int l) {
+        if (l == 10) {
+            j = 1;
+        }
+        return j;
+    }
+
+    static int test6D = 1;
+
+    private static void inlined6_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
+        if (flag3) {
+            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
+            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
+            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
+            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
+            if (flag == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+            }
+            intField = Integer.divideUnsigned(test6D, (otherArray.length + 2));
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int[] arrayField6 = new int[10];
+
+    // produces 0 after macro expansion
+    private static int inlined6(int k, boolean flag2) {
+        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
+        arrayField6[0] = -3;
+        int[] array2;
+        if (flag2) {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        } else {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        }
+        int j;
+        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+
+            }
+        }
+        return arrayField6[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
+    }
+
+    private static void test7(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag2, boolean flag3) {
+        int l = 0;
+        for (; l < 10; l++);
+        int m = inlined7_3(j, l);
+
+        int i = inlined7(k, flag2);
+        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
+        int[] array = new int[10];
+        if (flag == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+        if (flag2) {
+            inlined7_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+        } else {
+            inlined7_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static int inlined7_3(int j, int l) {
+        if (l == 10) {
+            j = 1;
+        }
+        return j;
+    }
+
+    static long test7D = 1;
+
+    private static void inlined7_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
+        if (flag3) {
+            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
+            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
+            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
+            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
+            if (flag == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+            }
+            longField = Long.divideUnsigned(test7D, (otherArray.length + 2));
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int[] arrayField7 = new int[10];
+
+    // produces 0 after macro expansion
+    private static int inlined7(int k, boolean flag2) {
+        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
+        arrayField7[0] = -3;
+        int[] array2;
+        if (flag2) {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        } else {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        }
+        int j;
+        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+
+            }
+        }
+        return arrayField7[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
+    }
+
+    private static void test8(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag2, boolean flag3) {
+        int l = 0;
+        for (; l < 10; l++);
+        int m = inlined8_3(j, l);
+
+        int i = inlined8(k, flag2);
+        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
+        int[] array = new int[10];
+        if (flag == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+        if (flag2) {
+            inlined8_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+        } else {
+            inlined8_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static int inlined8_3(int j, int l) {
+        if (l == 10) {
+            j = 1;
+        }
+        return j;
+    }
+
+    static int test8D = 1;
+
+    private static void inlined8_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
+        if (flag3) {
+            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
+            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
+            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
+            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
+            if (flag == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+            }
+            intField = Integer.remainderUnsigned(test8D, (otherArray.length + 2));
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int[] arrayField8 = new int[10];
+
+    // produces 0 after macro expansion
+    private static int inlined8(int k, boolean flag2) {
+        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
+        arrayField8[0] = -3;
+        int[] array2;
+        if (flag2) {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        } else {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        }
+        int j;
+        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+
+            }
+        }
+        return arrayField8[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
+    }
+
+    private static void test9(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag2, boolean flag3) {
+        int l = 0;
+        for (; l < 10; l++);
+        int m = inlined9_3(j, l);
+
+        int i = inlined9(k, flag2);
+        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
+        int[] array = new int[10];
+        if (flag == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+        if (flag2) {
+            inlined9_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+        } else {
+            inlined9_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static int inlined9_3(int j, int l) {
+        if (l == 10) {
+            j = 1;
+        }
+        return j;
+    }
+
+    static long test9D = 1;
+
+    private static void inlined9_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
+        if (flag3) {
+            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
+            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
+            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
+            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
+            if (flag == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+            }
+            longField = Long.remainderUnsigned(test9D, (otherArray.length + 2));
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int[] arrayField9 = new int[10];
+
+    // produces 0 after macro expansion
+    private static int inlined9(int k, boolean flag2) {
+        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
+        arrayField9[0] = -3;
+        int[] array2;
+        if (flag2) {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        } else {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        }
+        int j;
+        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+
+            }
+        }
+        return arrayField9[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
+    }
+
+    private static void test10(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag3) {
+        int l = 0;
+        for (; l < 10; l++);
+        int m = inlined10_3(j, l);
+
+        int i = inlined10(k, flag3);
+        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
+        int[] array = new int[10];
+        if (flag == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+        inlined10_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+    }
+
+    private static int inlined10_3(int j, int l) {
+        if (l == 10) {
+            j = 1;
+        }
+        return j;
+    }
+
+    private static void inlined10_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
+        if (flag3) {
+            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
+            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
+            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
+            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
+            if (flag == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+            }
+            intField = 1 / (otherArray.length + 2);
+        } else {
+            volatileField = 42;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int[] arrayField10 = new int[10];
+
+    // produces -3 after macro expansion
+    private static int inlined10(int k, boolean flag2) {
+        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
+        arrayField10[0] = -3;
+        int[] array2;
+        if (flag2) {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        } else {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        }
+        int j;
+        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+
+            }
+        }
+        return arrayField10[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
+    }
+
+    private static void test11(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag3) {
+        int l = 0;
+        for (; l < 10; l++);
+        int m = inlined11_3(j, l);
+
+        int i = inlined11(k, flag3);
+        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
+        int[] array = new int[10];
+        if (flag == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+        inlined11_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+    }
+
+    private static int inlined11_3(int j, int l) {
+        if (l == 10) {
+            j = 1;
+        }
+        return j;
+    }
+
+    static long test11D = 1;
+
+    private static void inlined11_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
+        if (flag3) {
+            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
+            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
+            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
+            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
+            if (flag == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+            }
+            longField = test11D / (otherArray.length + 2);
+        } else {
+            volatileField = 42;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int[] arrayField11 = new int[10];
+
+    // produces 0 after macro expansion
+    private static int inlined11(int k, boolean flag2) {
+        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
+        arrayField11[0] = -3;
+        int[] array2;
+        if (flag2) {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        } else {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        }
+        int j;
+        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+
+            }
+        }
+        return arrayField11[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
+    }
+
+    private static void test12(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag3) {
+        int l = 0;
+        for (; l < 10; l++);
+        int m = inlined12_3(j, l);
+
+        int i = inlined12(k, flag3);
+        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
+        int[] array = new int[10];
+        if (flag == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+        inlined12_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+    }
+
+    private static int inlined12_3(int j, int l) {
+        if (l == 10) {
+            j = 1;
+        }
+        return j;
+    }
+
+    static int test12D = 1;
+
+    private static void inlined12_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
+        if (flag3) {
+            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
+            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
+            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
+            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
+            if (flag == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+            }
+            intField = test12D % (otherArray.length + 2);
+        } else {
+            volatileField = 42;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int[] arrayField12 = new int[10];
+
+    // produces 0 after macro expansion
+    private static int inlined12(int k, boolean flag2) {
+        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
+        arrayField12[0] = -3;
+        int[] array2;
+        if (flag2) {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        } else {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        }
+        int j;
+        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+
+            }
+        }
+        return arrayField12[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
+    }
+
+    private static void test13(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag3) {
+        int l = 0;
+        for (; l < 10; l++);
+        int m = inlined13_3(j, l);
+
+        int i = inlined13(k, flag3);
+        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
+        int[] array = new int[10];
+        if (flag == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+        inlined13_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+    }
+
+    private static int inlined13_3(int j, int l) {
+        if (l == 10) {
+            j = 1;
+        }
+        return j;
+    }
+
+    static long test13D = 1;
+
+    private static void inlined13_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
+        if (flag3) {
+            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
+            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
+            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
+            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
+            if (flag == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+            }
+            longField = test13D % (otherArray.length + 2);
+        } else {
+            volatileField = 42;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int[] arrayField13 = new int[10];
+
+    // produces 0 after macro expansion
+    private static int inlined13(int k, boolean flag2) {
+        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
+        arrayField13[0] = -3;
+        int[] array2;
+        if (flag2) {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        } else {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        }
+        int j;
+        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+
+            }
+        }
+        return arrayField13[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
+    }
+
+    private static void test14(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag3) {
+        int l = 0;
+        for (; l < 10; l++);
+        int m = inlined14_3(j, l);
+
+        int i = inlined14(k, flag3);
+        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
+        int[] array = new int[10];
+        if (flag == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+        inlined14_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+    }
+
+    private static int inlined14_3(int j, int l) {
+        if (l == 10) {
+            j = 1;
+        }
+        return j;
+    }
+
+    static int test14D = 1;
+
+    private static void inlined14_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
+        if (flag3) {
+            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
+            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
+            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
+            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
+            if (flag == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+            }
+            intField = Integer.divideUnsigned(test14D, (otherArray.length + 2));
+        } else {
+            volatileField = 42;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int[] arrayField14 = new int[10];
+
+    // produces 0 after macro expansion
+    private static int inlined14(int k, boolean flag2) {
+        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
+        arrayField14[0] = -3;
+        int[] array2;
+        if (flag2) {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        } else {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        }
+        int j;
+        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+
+            }
+        }
+        return arrayField14[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
+    }
+
+    private static void test15(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag3) {
+        int l = 0;
+        for (; l < 10; l++);
+        int m = inlined15_3(j, l);
+
+        int i = inlined15(k, flag3);
+        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
+        int[] array = new int[10];
+        if (flag == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+        inlined15_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+    }
+
+    private static int inlined15_3(int j, int l) {
+        if (l == 10) {
+            j = 1;
+        }
+        return j;
+    }
+
+    static long test15D = 1;
+
+    private static void inlined15_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
+        if (flag3) {
+            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
+            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
+            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
+            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
+            if (flag == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+            }
+            longField = Long.divideUnsigned(test15D, (otherArray.length + 2));
+        } else {
+            volatileField = 42;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int[] arrayField15 = new int[10];
+
+    private static int inlined15(int k, boolean flag2) {
+        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
+        arrayField15[0] = -3;
+        int[] array2;
+        if (flag2) {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        } else {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        }
+        int j;
+        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+
+            }
+        }
+        return arrayField15[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
+    }
+
+    private static void test16(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag3) {
+        int l = 0;
+        for (; l < 10; l++);
+        int m = inlined16_3(j, l);
+
+        int i = inlined16(k, flag3);
+        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
+        int[] array = new int[10];
+        if (flag == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+        inlined16_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+    }
+
+    private static int inlined16_3(int j, int l) {
+        if (l == 10) {
+            j = 1;
+        }
+        return j;
+    }
+
+    static int test16D = 1;
+
+    private static void inlined16_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
+        if (flag3) {
+            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
+            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
+            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
+            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
+            if (flag == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+            }
+            intField = Integer.remainderUnsigned(test16D, (otherArray.length + 2));
+        } else {
+            volatileField = 42;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int[] arrayField16 = new int[10];
+
+    // produces 0 after macro expansion
+    private static int inlined16(int k, boolean flag2) {
+        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
+        arrayField16[0] = -3;
+        int[] array2;
+        if (flag2) {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        } else {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        }
+        int j;
+        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+
+            }
+        }
+        return arrayField16[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
+    }
+
+    private static void test17(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag3) {
+        int l = 0;
+        for (; l < 10; l++);
+        int m = inlined17_3(j, l);
+
+        int i = inlined17(k, flag3);
+        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
+        int[] array = new int[10];
+        if (flag == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+        inlined17_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
+    }
+
+    private static int inlined17_3(int j, int l) {
+        if (l == 10) {
+            j = 1;
+        }
+        return j;
+    }
+
+    static long test17D = 1;
+
+    private static void inlined17_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
+        if (flag3) {
+            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
+            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
+            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
+            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
+            if (flag == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+            }
+            longField = Long.remainderUnsigned(test17D, (otherArray.length + 2));
+        } else {
+            volatileField = 42;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int[] arrayField17 = new int[10];
+
+    // produces 0 after macro expansion
+    private static int inlined17(int k, boolean flag2) {
+        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
+        arrayField17[0] = -3;
+        int[] array2;
+        if (flag2) {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        } else {
+            array2 = new int[10];
+        }
+        int j;
+        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+
+            }
+        }
+        return arrayField17[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/rangechecks/TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/rangechecks/TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated.java
index b31c1425728..94b1f3b8eee 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/rangechecks/TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/rangechecks/TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated.java
@@ -27,17 +27,19 @@
  * @summary [REDO] C2: crash in compiled code because of dependency on removed range check CastIIs
  *
  * @run main/othervm -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:-UseOnStackReplacement -XX:-BackgroundCompilation
- *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated::notInlined
- *                   TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,${test.main.class}::notInlined
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
  * @run main/othervm -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:-UseOnStackReplacement -XX:-BackgroundCompilation
- *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated::notInlined
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+StressGCM TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated
- * @run main TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated
- * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated::notInlined
- *                   TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,${test.main.class}::notInlined
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+StressGCM ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,${test.main.class}::notInlined
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
  *
  */
 
+package compiler.rangechecks;
+
 public class TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated {
     private static int intField;
     private static long longField;
@@ -482,7 +484,7 @@ private static void test13(int i, int j, int flag, boolean flag2) {
         }
     }
 
-    // Range check cast type widen after loop opts causes control dependency to be lost
+    // Widened range check cast type after loop opts causes control dependency to be lost
     private static void test14(int i, int j, int flag, boolean flag2) {
         int l = 0;
         for (; l < 10; l++);
@@ -490,12 +492,14 @@ private static void test14(int i, int j, int flag, boolean flag2) {
         int[] array = new int[10];
         notInlined(array);
         if (flag == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
         }
         if (flag2) {
             float[] newArray = new float[10];
             newArray[i+j] = 42; // i+j in [0, 9]
             float[] otherArray = new float[i+j]; // i+j in [0, max]
             if (flag == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
             }
             intField = array[otherArray.length];
         } else {
@@ -503,6 +507,7 @@ private static void test14(int i, int j, int flag, boolean flag2) {
             newArray[i+j] = 42; // i+j in [0, 9]
             float[] otherArray = new float[i+j]; // i+j in [0, max]
             if (flag == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
             }
             intField = array[otherArray.length];
         }
@@ -523,12 +528,14 @@ private static void test15(int i, int j, int flag, boolean flag2) {
         int[] array = new int[10];
         notInlined(array);
         if (flag == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
         }
         if (flag2) {
             float[] newArray = new float[10];
             newArray[i+j] = 42; // i+j in [0, 9]
             float[] otherArray = new float[i+j]; // i+j in [0, max]
             if (flag == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
             }
             intField = array[otherArray.length];
         } else {
@@ -536,6 +543,7 @@ private static void test15(int i, int j, int flag, boolean flag2) {
             newArray[i+j] = 42; // i+j in [0, 9]
             float[] otherArray = new float[i+j]; // i+j in [0, max]
             if (flag == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
             }
             intField = array[otherArray.length];
         }

From 2a262d242f438fdc47bb2bbc59b5e88dd3dd679b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ruben Ayrapetyan <ruben@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2026 09:57:38 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 231/707] 8387149: C2: assert(regs[i] != regs[j]) failed:
 regs[2] and regs[3] are both: v24

Reviewed-by: aph, fgao
---
 .../cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp |   9 +-
 .../TestSelectFromTwoVectorSameOperand.java   | 142 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 148 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestSelectFromTwoVectorSameOperand.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index eacfef9618a..fe9180bda5c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -2728,7 +2728,8 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::reconstruct_frame_pointer(Register rtmp) {
 void C2_MacroAssembler::select_from_two_vectors_neon(FloatRegister dst, FloatRegister src1,
                                                      FloatRegister src2, FloatRegister index,
                                                      FloatRegister tmp, unsigned vector_length_in_bytes) {
-  assert_different_registers(dst, src1, src2, tmp);
+  assert_different_registers(src2, tmp);
+  assert_different_registers(index, tmp);
   SIMD_Arrangement size = vector_length_in_bytes == 16 ? T16B : T8B;
 
   if (vector_length_in_bytes == 16) {
@@ -2757,7 +2758,8 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::select_from_two_vectors_sve(FloatRegister dst, FloatRegi
                                                     FloatRegister src2, FloatRegister index,
                                                     FloatRegister tmp, SIMD_RegVariant T,
                                                     unsigned vector_length_in_bytes) {
-  assert_different_registers(dst, src1, src2, index, tmp);
+  assert_different_registers(src2, tmp);
+  assert_different_registers(index, tmp);
 
   if (vector_length_in_bytes == 8) {
     // We need to fit both the source vectors (src1, src2) in a single vector register because the
@@ -2784,7 +2786,8 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::select_from_two_vectors(FloatRegister dst, FloatRegister
                                                 FloatRegister tmp, BasicType bt,
                                                 unsigned vector_length_in_bytes) {
 
-  assert_different_registers(dst, src1, src2, index, tmp);
+  assert_different_registers(dst, src1, src2, tmp);
+  assert_different_registers(index, tmp);
 
   // The cases that can reach this method are -
   // - UseSVE = 0/1, vector_length_in_bytes = 8 or 16, excluding double and long types
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestSelectFromTwoVectorSameOperand.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestSelectFromTwoVectorSameOperand.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7c30e439515
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestSelectFromTwoVectorSameOperand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=SVE
+ * @bug 8387149
+ * @summary Test case for SelectFromTwoVector with index operand same as other inputs.
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @requires os.arch == "aarch64" & vm.cpu.features ~= ".*sve.*"
+ * @modules jdk.incubator.vector
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run main/othervm
+ *      -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *      -XX:UseSVE=1
+ *      -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xbatch
+ *      -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,${test.main.class}::test*
+ *      -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test*
+ *      ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=NEON
+ * @bug 8387149
+ * @summary Test case for SelectFromTwoVector with index operand same as other inputs.
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @requires os.arch == "aarch64" & vm.cpu.features ~= ".*asimd.*"
+ * @modules jdk.incubator.vector
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run main/othervm
+ *      -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *      -XX:UseSVE=0
+ *      -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xbatch
+ *      -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,${test.main.class}::test*
+ *      -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test*
+ *      ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.vectorapi;
+
+import java.util.Random;
+import jdk.incubator.vector.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestSelectFromTwoVectorSameOperand {
+    static final int SIZE = 8;
+
+    static byte[] byte_input1 = new byte[SIZE];
+    static byte[] byte_input2 = new byte[SIZE];
+    static byte[] byte_output = new byte[SIZE];
+    static final byte byte_index_mask = 15;
+
+    static short[] short_input1 = new short[SIZE / 2];
+    static short[] short_input2 = new short[SIZE / 2];
+    static short[] short_output = new short[SIZE / 2];
+    static final short short_index_mask = 7;
+
+    static {
+        Random r = new Random(42);
+        r.nextBytes(byte_input1);
+        r.nextBytes(byte_input2);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE / 2; i++) {
+            short_input1[i] = byte_input1[i];
+            short_input2[i] = byte_input2[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100_000; ++i) {
+            test_byte_src1();
+            verify_byte(byte_input1, byte_input2, byte_input1, byte_output);
+            test_byte_src2();
+            verify_byte(byte_input1, byte_input2, byte_input2, byte_output);
+            test_short_src1();
+            verify_short(short_input1, short_input2, short_input1, short_output);
+            test_short_src2();
+            verify_short(short_input1, short_input2, short_input2, short_output);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test_byte_src1() {
+        ByteVector src1 = ByteVector.fromArray(ByteVector.SPECIES_64, byte_input1, 0).and(byte_index_mask);
+        ByteVector src2 = ByteVector.fromArray(ByteVector.SPECIES_64, byte_input2, 0).and(byte_index_mask);
+        src1.selectFrom(src1, src2).intoArray(byte_output, 0);
+    }
+
+    static void test_byte_src2() {
+        ByteVector src1 = ByteVector.fromArray(ByteVector.SPECIES_64, byte_input1, 0).and(byte_index_mask);
+        ByteVector src2 = ByteVector.fromArray(ByteVector.SPECIES_64, byte_input2, 0).and(byte_index_mask);
+        src2.selectFrom(src1, src2).intoArray(byte_output, 0);
+    }
+
+    static void test_short_src1() {
+        ShortVector src1 = ShortVector.fromArray(ShortVector.SPECIES_64, short_input1, 0).and(short_index_mask);
+        ShortVector src2 = ShortVector.fromArray(ShortVector.SPECIES_64, short_input2, 0).and(short_index_mask);
+        src1.selectFrom(src1, src2).intoArray(short_output, 0);
+    }
+
+    static void test_short_src2() {
+        ShortVector src1 = ShortVector.fromArray(ShortVector.SPECIES_64, short_input1, 0).and(short_index_mask);
+        ShortVector src2 = ShortVector.fromArray(ShortVector.SPECIES_64, short_input2, 0).and(short_index_mask);
+        src2.selectFrom(src1, src2).intoArray(short_output, 0);
+    }
+
+    static void verify_byte(byte[] src1, byte[] src2, byte[] index, byte[] output) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            int index_value = index[i] & byte_index_mask;
+            byte element_value = (index_value < SIZE) ? src1[index_value] : src2[index_value - SIZE];
+            byte masked_element_value = (byte) (element_value & byte_index_mask);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(masked_element_value, output[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void verify_short(short[] src1, short[] src2, short[] index, short[] output) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE / 2; i++) {
+            int index_value = index[i] & short_index_mask;
+            short element_value = (index_value < SIZE / 2) ? src1[index_value] : src2[index_value - SIZE / 2];
+            short masked_element_value = (short) (element_value & short_index_mask);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(masked_element_value, output[i]);
+        }
+    }
+}

From 4086d114ed3fe82edb9005521cc6ede340ea0299 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Albert Mingkun Yang <ayang@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2026 10:10:31 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 232/707] 8388188: NMT: Remove unused local variable in
 RegionIterator::next_committed

Reviewed-by: phubner, cnorrbin
---
 src/hotspot/share/nmt/virtualMemoryTracker.cpp | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/nmt/virtualMemoryTracker.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/nmt/virtualMemoryTracker.cpp
index e23076a12bf..08ea3699bc2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/nmt/virtualMemoryTracker.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/nmt/virtualMemoryTracker.cpp
@@ -281,7 +281,6 @@ class RegionIterator : public StackObj {
 bool RegionIterator::next_committed(address& committed_start, size_t& committed_size) {
   if (end() <= _current_start) return false;
 
-  const size_t page_sz = os::vm_page_size();
   const size_t current_size = end() - _current_start;
   if (os::first_resident_in_range(_current_start, current_size, committed_start, committed_size)) {
     assert(committed_start != nullptr, "Must be");

From 723826295aa50a88cbb702128da79a91e6d87c73 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Erik Gahlin <egahlin@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2026 11:04:04 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 233/707] 8385957: JFR: Sensitive command-line arguments still
 in environment variable values

Reviewed-by: mgronlun, rtoyonaga
---
 src/hotspot/share/jfr/dcmd/jfrDcmds.cpp       |   5 +-
 .../share/jfr/periodic/jfrRedactedEvents.cpp  | 176 ++++++++++++++----
 .../share/jfr/periodic/jfrRedactedEvents.hpp  |   4 +
 src/java.base/share/man/java.md               |   8 +-
 test/jdk/jdk/jfr/startupargs/TestRedact.java  |  90 +++++++--
 5 files changed, 228 insertions(+), 55 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/dcmd/jfrDcmds.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/dcmd/jfrDcmds.cpp
index a41515edfbb..58d6c029bc1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/dcmd/jfrDcmds.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/dcmd/jfrDcmds.cpp
@@ -486,8 +486,9 @@ void JfrConfigureFlightRecorderDCmd::print_help(outputStream* out, bool startup)
     out->print_cr("                      The option redact-argument is best-effort and applies only to");
     out->print_cr("                      command-line arguments in the jdk.JVMInformation event and to");
     out->print_cr("                      the java.command system property in the jdk.InitialSystemProperty");
-    out->print_cr("                      event. Other events, such as jdk.ProcessStart (child processes),");
-    out->print_cr("                      are not redacted.");
+    out->print_cr("                      event, and to matching command-line argument text in the values");
+    out->print_cr("                      of jdk.InitialEnvironmentVariable events. Other events, such as");
+    out->print_cr("                      jdk.ProcessStart (child processes), are not redacted.");
     out->print_cr("");
     out->print_cr("                      If the redact-argument option is not specified, the following");
     out->print_cr("                      filters are used by default:");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/jfrRedactedEvents.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/jfrRedactedEvents.cpp
index 331c28cffa2..652320c9904 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/jfrRedactedEvents.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/jfrRedactedEvents.cpp
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "logging/logMessage.hpp"
 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlag.hpp"
+#include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
 #include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
 #include "services/diagnosticArgument.hpp"
@@ -46,17 +47,20 @@ using StringFlag = JfrRedactedEvents::StringFlag;
 using StringKeyValueArray = GrowableArray<JfrRedactedEvents::StringKeyValue*>*;
 
 static const char REDACTED[] = "[REDACTED]";
+static const char REDACTED_MARKER = (char)0xFF;
 static const char DELIMITER[] = " ";
+static const char REDACT_ARGUMENT[] = "redact-argument";
 static const char REDACT_ARGUMENT_EQUAL[] = "redact-argument=";
 
 static const size_t REDACTED_LENGTH = sizeof(REDACTED) -1;
 static const size_t DELIMITER_LENGTH = sizeof(DELIMITER) -1;
-static const size_t REDACT_ARGUMENT_EQUAL_LENGTH = sizeof(REDACT_ARGUMENT_EQUAL) -1;
+static const size_t REDACT_ARGUMENT_LENGTH = sizeof(REDACT_ARGUMENT) -1;
 
 String* JfrRedactedEvents::_redacted_java_command_line = nullptr;
 String* JfrRedactedEvents::_redacted_jvm_command_line = nullptr;
 String* JfrRedactedEvents::_redacted_flags_command_line = nullptr;
 String* JfrRedactedEvents::_redacted_flight_recorder_options = nullptr;
+String* JfrRedactedEvents::_redacted_flight_recorder_options_with_marker = nullptr;
 
 StringKeyValueArray JfrRedactedEvents::_initial_environment_variables = nullptr;
 StringKeyValueArray JfrRedactedEvents::_initial_system_properties = nullptr;
@@ -71,6 +75,10 @@ bool JfrRedactedEvents::_initialized = false;
 bool JfrRedactedEvents::set_argument_filter(const char* filters) {
   assert (_argument_filters == nullptr, "invariant");
   assert (filters != nullptr, "invariant");
+  if (strcmp(filters, "*") != 0 && strcmp(filters, "none") != 0) {
+    _redacted_arguments = new StringArray();
+    _redacted_arguments->add(filters);
+  }
   _argument_filters = new StringArray();
   return append_filters(_argument_filters, true, filters);
 }
@@ -139,9 +147,8 @@ bool JfrRedactedEvents::append_filters(StringArray* target, bool argument, const
   }
   if (filters[0] == '\0') {
     LogMessage(jfr, redact) msg;
-    msg.warning("Default redaction filters are replaced. Specify:");
-    msg.warning("-XX:FlightRecorderOptions:%s=none to disable filters without a warning.", option_name);
-    return true;
+    msg.error("Specify -XX:FlightRecorderOptions:%s=none to disable filters completely.", option_name);
+    return false;
   }
   if (strcmp(filters, "none") == 0) {
     return true;
@@ -187,6 +194,67 @@ char* JfrRedactedEvents::new_redacted_text() {
   return result;
 }
 
+void JfrRedactedEvents::redact(String* scratch_string, const char* target, const String* redaction) {
+  if (strchr(redaction->text(), REDACTED_MARKER)) {
+    return;
+  }
+  const char* position = target;
+  while (true) {
+    const char* sensitive = strstr(position, redaction->text());
+    if (sensitive == nullptr) {
+      return;
+    }
+    size_t index = (size_t)(sensitive - target);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < redaction->length(); i++) {
+      scratch_string->set(index + i, REDACTED_MARKER);
+    }
+    position = sensitive + 1;
+  }
+}
+
+String* JfrRedactedEvents::redact_environment_variable_value(const char* value) {
+  if (strchr(value, REDACTED_MARKER)) {
+    return new String(REDACTED);
+  }
+  bool changed = false;
+  String* input = new String(value);
+  if (_redacted_flight_recorder_options_with_marker != nullptr) {
+    size_t length = strlen(FlightRecorderOptions);
+    while (const char* start = strstr(input->text(), FlightRecorderOptions)) {
+      changed = true;
+      const char* end = start + length;
+      stringStream s;
+      s.write(input->text(), start - input->text());
+      s.write(_redacted_flight_recorder_options_with_marker->text(), _redacted_flight_recorder_options_with_marker->length());
+      s.write(end, strlen(end));
+      String* result = new String(s.base());
+      delete input;
+      input = result;
+    }
+  }
+  String* scratch_string = new String(input->text());
+  for (int i = 0; i < _redacted_arguments->length(); i++) {
+    redact(scratch_string, input->text(), _redacted_arguments->at(i));
+  }
+  stringStream result;
+  bool inside_redaction = false;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < scratch_string->length(); i++) {
+    if (scratch_string->at(i) == REDACTED_MARKER) {
+      changed = true;
+      if (!inside_redaction) {
+        result.print(REDACTED);
+      }
+      inside_redaction = true;
+    } else {
+      result.put(scratch_string->at(i));
+      inside_redaction = false;
+    }
+  }
+  delete scratch_string;
+  delete input;
+  return changed ? new String(result.base()) : nullptr;
+}
+
 bool JfrRedactedEvents::emit_initial_environment_variables(bool log) {
   if (_initial_environment_variables == nullptr) {
     ensure_initialized();
@@ -207,6 +275,16 @@ bool JfrRedactedEvents::emit_initial_environment_variables(bool log) {
           if (log) {
             log_debug(jfr, redact)("Redacted initial environment variable named '%s'", key->text());
           }
+        } else {
+          String* redacted_value = redact_environment_variable_value(value);
+          if (redacted_value != nullptr) {
+            if (log) {
+              log_debug(jfr, redact)("Redacted argument in initial environment variable value named '%s'", key->text());
+            }
+            _initial_environment_variables->append(new StringKeyValue(key, redacted_value->text()));
+            delete redacted_value;
+            continue;
+          }
         }
         _initial_environment_variables->append(new StringKeyValue(key, value));
       }
@@ -262,6 +340,9 @@ bool JfrRedactedEvents::match_flag(const char* flag_name, const char* arg) {
   if (flag_name == nullptr || arg == nullptr) {
     return false;
   }
+  if (strncmp(arg, "-XX:", 4) == 0) {
+    arg += 4;
+  }
   while (*flag_name) {
     if (*arg != *flag_name) {
         return false;
@@ -346,6 +427,34 @@ void JfrRedactedEvents::emit_jvm_information(bool log) {
   }
 }
 
+// Method assumes that FlightRecorderOptions has been successfully parsed during startup
+String* JfrRedactedEvents::redact_flight_recorder_options(const char* option, bool marker) {
+  JavaThread* THREAD = JavaThread::current();
+  const size_t length = strlen(option);
+  DCmdArgIter iterator(option, length, ',');
+  while (iterator.next(THREAD)) {
+    if (strncmp(iterator.key_addr(), REDACT_ARGUMENT, REDACT_ARGUMENT_LENGTH) == 0) {
+      const char* start = iterator.value_addr();
+      const char* end = start + iterator.value_length();
+      stringStream result;
+      result.write(option, start - option);
+      if (marker) {
+        result.put(REDACTED_MARKER);
+      } else {
+        result.write(REDACTED, REDACTED_LENGTH);
+      }
+      result.write(end, option + length - end);
+      return new String(result.base());
+    }
+  }
+  if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
+    DEBUG_ONLY(ShouldNotReachHere();)
+    CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+    return new String(REDACTED);
+  }
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
 void JfrRedactedEvents::ensure_initialized() {
   if (_initialized) {
     return;
@@ -359,31 +468,12 @@ void JfrRedactedEvents::ensure_initialized() {
       add_default_filters(_argument_filters, true);
   }
   if (FlightRecorderOptions != nullptr) {
-    if (strstr(FlightRecorderOptions, REDACT_ARGUMENT_EQUAL) != nullptr) {
-      DCmdIter iterator(FlightRecorderOptions, ',');
-      stringStream result;
-      size_t pos = 0;
-      while(iterator.has_next()) {
-        CmdLine line = iterator.next();
-        const char* start = line.cmd_addr();
-        if (strncmp(start, REDACT_ARGUMENT_EQUAL, REDACT_ARGUMENT_EQUAL_LENGTH) == 0) {
-          result.print(REDACT_ARGUMENT_EQUAL);
-          result.print(REDACTED);
-          // Preserve ',' if there are more tokens
-          pos = iterator.has_next() ? iterator.cursor() - 1 : iterator.cursor();
-        }
-        while (pos < iterator.cursor()) {
-          result.write(FlightRecorderOptions + pos, 1);
-          pos++;
-        }
-      }
-      _redacted_flight_recorder_options = new String(result.base());
-    } else {
-      _redacted_flight_recorder_options = new String(FlightRecorderOptions);
-    }
+    _redacted_flight_recorder_options = redact_flight_recorder_options(FlightRecorderOptions, false);
+    _redacted_flight_recorder_options_with_marker = redact_flight_recorder_options(FlightRecorderOptions, true);
+  }
+  if (_redacted_arguments == nullptr) {
+    _redacted_arguments = new StringArray();
   }
-
-  _redacted_arguments = new StringArray();
 
   StringArray* java_args = make_java_args_array();
   _redacted_java_command_line = redact_command_line(java_args);
@@ -396,7 +486,6 @@ void JfrRedactedEvents::ensure_initialized() {
   StringArray* flags_args = make_jvm_args_array(Arguments::jvm_flags_array(), Arguments::num_jvm_flags());
   _redacted_flags_command_line = redact_command_line(flags_args);
   delete flags_args;
-
   _initialized = true;
 }
 
@@ -422,8 +511,8 @@ String* JfrRedactedEvents::redact_command_line(StringArray* arguments) {
       for (int j = arg_index; j < next_index; j++) {
         result->add(REDACTED);
         const char* arg = arguments->at(j)->text();
-        if (arg != nullptr && strncmp(arg, "-XX:", 4) == 0) {
-          _redacted_arguments->add(arg + 4);
+        if (arg != nullptr) {
+          _redacted_arguments->add(arg);
         }
       }
       arg_index = next_index;
@@ -504,15 +593,23 @@ StringArray* JfrRedactedEvents::make_jvm_args_array(char** jvm_args_array, int a
     return nullptr;
   }
   StringArray* result = new StringArray(array_length);
-  for(int i = 0; i < array_length; i++) {
+  for (int i = 0; i < array_length; i++) {
     char* argument = jvm_args_array[i];
-    if (_redacted_flight_recorder_options != nullptr &&
-        strncmp(argument, "-XX:FlightRecorderOptions", 25) == 0) {
-      const char* text = _redacted_flight_recorder_options->text();
-      size_t length = _redacted_flight_recorder_options->length();
-      // Length must be at least 26 or the JVM will not start.
-      result->add(new String(argument, 26, text, length));
-      continue;
+    if (strncmp(argument, "-XX:FlightRecorderOptions", 25) == 0) {
+      size_t length = strlen(argument);
+      if (length > 25 &&
+          _redacted_flight_recorder_options != nullptr &&
+          strcmp(argument + 26, FlightRecorderOptions) == 0) {
+        const char* text = _redacted_flight_recorder_options->text();
+        // Length must be at least 26 or the JVM will not start.
+        result->add(new String(argument, 26, text, _redacted_flight_recorder_options->length()));
+        continue;
+      }
+      if (strstr(argument, REDACT_ARGUMENT_EQUAL) != nullptr) {
+        _redacted_arguments->add(argument);
+        result->add("-XX:FlightRecorderOptions:[REDACTED]");
+        continue;
+      }
     }
     if (strncmp(argument, "-D", 2) == 0) {
       const char* key_start = argument + 2;
@@ -523,6 +620,7 @@ StringArray* JfrRedactedEvents::make_jvm_args_array(char** jvm_args_array, int a
         bool redact = match_key(_key_filters, key_tmp->text());
         delete key_tmp;
         if (redact) {
+          _redacted_arguments->add(argument);
           size_t unsensitive_length = (size_t)(eq - argument) + 1;
           result->add(new String(argument, unsensitive_length, REDACTED, REDACTED_LENGTH));
           continue;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/jfrRedactedEvents.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/jfrRedactedEvents.hpp
index dc972190b6c..c3d6fd32cbc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/jfrRedactedEvents.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/jfrRedactedEvents.hpp
@@ -195,6 +195,7 @@ class JfrRedactedEvents: public AllStatic {
   static String* _redacted_jvm_command_line;
   static String* _redacted_flags_command_line;
   static String* _redacted_flight_recorder_options;
+  static String* _redacted_flight_recorder_options_with_marker;
   static GrowableArray<StringKeyValue*>* _initial_system_properties;
   static GrowableArray<StringKeyValue*>* _initial_environment_variables;
   static GrowableArray<StringFlag*>*     _string_flags;
@@ -217,7 +218,10 @@ class JfrRedactedEvents: public AllStatic {
   static int match_arguments(StringArray* filter_array, StringArray* arguments, int arg_index);
   static bool match_key(StringArray* array, const char* text);
   static bool read_file(StringArray* target, const char* filename);
+  static void redact(String* scratch_string, const char* target, const String* redaction);
+  static String* redact_flight_recorder_options(const char* option, bool marker);
   static String* redact_command_line(StringArray* arguments);
+  static String* redact_environment_variable_value(const char* value);
   static StringArray* split(const char* text, char separator);
 };
 
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/man/java.md b/src/java.base/share/man/java.md
index 89166ae39e1..a0717055864 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/man/java.md
+++ b/src/java.base/share/man/java.md
@@ -1215,9 +1215,11 @@ These `java` options control the runtime behavior of the Java HotSpot VM.
         be replaced with `[REDACTED]`. The option `redact-argument` is best-effort
         and applies only to command-line arguments in the `jdk.JVMInformation`
         event and to the `java.command` system property in the
-        `jdk.InitialSystemProperty` event. Other events, such as `jdk.ProcessStart`
-        (child processes), are not redacted. Use `-XX:FlightRecorderOptions:help`
-        to see the default filters used by the `redact-argument` option.
+        `jdk.InitialSystemProperty` event, and to matching command-line argument
+        text in the values of `jdk.InitialEnvironmentVariable` events. Other
+        events, such as `jdk.ProcessStart` (child processes), are not redacted.
+        Use `-XX:FlightRecorderOptions:help` to see the default filters used by
+        the `redact-argument` option.
 
     `redact-key=`key-filter
     :   Replace the value of environment variables and system properties
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/startupargs/TestRedact.java b/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/startupargs/TestRedact.java
index 2d96408a3f5..f3f3a9e5fa6 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/startupargs/TestRedact.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/startupargs/TestRedact.java
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
 import jdk.jfr.consumer.RecordingFile;
 import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
 import jdk.test.lib.jfr.CommonHelper;
+import jdk.test.lib.Platform;
 import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
 import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
 
@@ -169,6 +170,7 @@ public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
         testRedactKey();
         testRedactArgument();
         testRedactMultiple();
+        testOptionVariable();
         testWildcards();
         testDefaults();
         testRedactFile();
@@ -315,15 +317,6 @@ private static void testRedactFile() throws Exception {
     private static void testEmpty() throws Exception {
         var environment = Map.of("API_TOKEN", "Zebra1");
         var properties = Map.of("API_KEY", "Zebra2");
-        Execution e1 = run(environment, properties,
-           "-XX:FlightRecorderOptions:redact-key=,redact-argument=", "Zebra3"
-        );
-        e1.output().shouldContain("Default redaction filters are replaced.");
-        e1.output().shouldContain("redact-key=none to disable filters without a warning");
-        e1.output().shouldContain("redact-argument=none to disable filters without a warning");
-        e1.assertUnredacted("Zebra1");
-        e1.assertUnredacted("Zebra2");
-        e1.assertUnredacted("Zebra3");
 
         Execution e2 = run(environment, properties,
            "-XX:FlightRecorderOptions:redact-argument=none,redact-key=none",  "Zebra3"
@@ -377,6 +370,12 @@ private static void testRedactArgument() throws Exception {
         e.assertRedactedArgument("N4711");
         e.assertRedactedArgument("Smith:abc123");
         e.assertUnredacted("Banana");
+
+       String option = Platform.isWindows() ?
+           "-XX:FlightRecorderOptions:redact-argument='Foo,bar'" :
+           "-XX:FlightRecorderOptions:redact-argument=\"Foo,bar\"";
+        Execution e2 = run(option,"Foo,bar");
+        e2.assertRedactedArgument("Foo,bar");
     }
 
     private static void testRedactMultiple() throws Exception {
@@ -390,6 +389,69 @@ private static void testRedactMultiple() throws Exception {
         e.assertRedactedArgument("Quz");
     }
 
+    private static void testOptionVariable() throws Exception {
+        // Simulate shell expansion with the three options:
+        // SYSTEM_PROPS, JVM_OPTIONS and PROGRAM_OPTIONS
+        String systemProperty = "-Dsecret=apple";
+        String jvmOption = "-XX:FlightRecorderOptions:stackdepth=32,redact-argument=+Aracuan";
+        String programOption = "Aracuan";
+        Execution e1 = run(
+                Map.of("SYSTEM_PROPS", systemProperty,
+                       "JVM_OPTIONS", jvmOption,
+                       "PROGRAM_OPTIONS", programOption),
+                Map.of("secret","apple"),
+                List.of(systemProperty, jvmOption),
+                programOption
+            );
+        e1.assertRedactedKey("SYSTEM_PROPS");
+        String redactedJVMOption = e1.environment.get("JVM_OPTIONS");
+        if (!redactedJVMOption.equals("-XX:FlightRecorderOptions:stackdepth=32,redact-argument=[REDACTED]")) {
+            throw new Exception("Expected partial redaction for environment variable with -XX:FlightRecorderOptions:redact-argument=");
+        }
+        e1.assertRedactedKey("PROGRAM_OPTIONS");
+        e1.assertRedactedKey("secret");
+        e1.assertRedactedArgument("Aracuan");
+
+        Execution e2 = run(
+                Map.of("PROGRAM_OPTIONS", "BLUE RED GREEN GREDELINE"),
+                Map.of(),
+                "-XX:FlightRecorderOptions:redact-argument=+*red*",
+                "BLUE", "RED", "GREEN", "GREDELINE"
+            );
+        String programOptions = e2.environment().get("PROGRAM_OPTIONS");
+        if (!programOptions.equals("BLUE [REDACTED] GREEN [REDACTED]")) {
+            e2.print();
+            throw new Exception("Missing redaction inside option variable");
+        }
+
+        Execution e3 = run(
+                Map.of("PROGRAM_OPTIONS", "ZEBRA FISH ZEBRACCOON FISH RACCOON"),
+                Map.of(),
+                "-XX:FlightRecorderOptions:redact-argument=+zebra;raccoon",
+                "ZEBRA", "FISH", "ZEBRACCOON", "FISH", "RACCOON"
+            );
+        programOptions = e3.environment().get("PROGRAM_OPTIONS");
+        if (!programOptions.equals("[REDACTED] FISH [REDACTED] FISH [REDACTED]")) {
+            e3.print();
+            throw new Exception("Incorrect redaction when option arguments overlap");
+        }
+
+        String option1 = "-XX:FlightRecorderOptions:redact-argument=Zebra,gibberish=,,,";
+        String option2 = "-XX:FlightRecorderOptions:redact-argument=Tiger";
+        Execution e4 = run(
+                Map.of("MY_JVM_OPTIONS", option1 + " " + option2),
+                Map.of(),
+                List.of(option1, option2),
+                "TIGER"
+            );
+        e4.assertRedactedArgument("TIGER");
+        String redacted = e4.environment().get("MY_JVM_OPTIONS");
+        if (!redacted.equals("[REDACTED] -XX:FlightRecorderOptions:redact-argument=[REDACTED]")) {
+            e4.print();
+            throw new Exception("Incorrect redaction with multiple options in environment variables");
+        }
+    }
+
     private static void testRedactKey() throws Exception {
         Execution e = run(
             Map.of("cart", "wheel", "banana", "split", "rose", "bud"),
@@ -407,14 +469,20 @@ private static Execution run(String options, String... args) throws Exception {
         return run(Map.of(), Map.of(), options, args);
     }
 
-    private static Execution run(Map<String, String> environment, Map<String, String> properties, String options, String... args) throws Exception {
+    private static Execution run(Map<String, String> environment, Map<String, String> properties, String option, String... args) throws Exception {
+       return run(environment, properties, List.of(option), args);
+    }
+
+    private static Execution run(Map<String, String> environment, Map<String, String> properties, List<String> options, String... args) throws Exception {
         List<String> arguments = new ArrayList<>();
         Path file = Path.of("file.jfr");
         for (var entry : properties.entrySet()) {
             arguments.add("-D" + entry.getKey() + "=" + entry.getValue());
         }
         arguments.add("-XX:StartFlightRecording:filename=" + file.toAbsolutePath().toString());
-        arguments.add(options);
+        for (String option : options) {
+            arguments.add(option);
+        }
         arguments.add("jdk.jfr.startupargs.Application");
         arguments.addAll(Arrays.asList(args));
 

From 376ecc5a9d89b5f8c1593d3e717eb2c748b17449 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Robert Toyonaga <rtoyonaga@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2026 13:37:35 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 234/707] 8386546: Fix race when reserving memory with NUMA
 interleaving on Windows

Reviewed-by: asmehra, stuefe
---
 src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp         | 175 ++++++++++++-
 src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.hpp         |  51 ++++
 .../hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_os_windows.cpp | 240 ++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 456 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp b/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp
index 0fc636483f5..f62e9c298e8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp
@@ -3507,6 +3507,152 @@ char* os::pd_reserve_memory(size_t bytes, bool exec) {
   return pd_attempt_reserve_memory_at(nullptr /* addr */, bytes, exec);
 }
 
+// This allocates a placeholder via VirtualAlloc2(MEM_RESERVE_PLACEHOLDER).
+os::win32::PlaceholderRegion os::win32::reserve_placeholder_memory(size_t bytes, char* addr) {
+  assert(bytes > 0, "Size must be a value greater than 0");
+  assert(is_aligned(addr, os::vm_allocation_granularity()), "Requested address should be aligned to allocation granularity.");
+  assert(is_aligned(bytes, os::vm_page_size()), "Requested size, bytes, should be aligned to page size.");
+
+  if (!is_VirtualAlloc2_supported()) {
+    return PlaceholderRegion();
+  }
+
+  char* res = (char*)os::win32::VirtualAlloc2(
+          GetCurrentProcess(),
+          addr,
+          bytes,
+          MEM_RESERVE | MEM_RESERVE_PLACEHOLDER,
+          PAGE_NOACCESS,
+          nullptr, 0);
+
+  if (res != nullptr) {
+    log_trace(os)("VirtualAlloc2 placeholder of size (%zu) returned " PTR_FORMAT ".", bytes, p2i(res));
+    return PlaceholderRegion(res, bytes);
+  } else {
+    log_warning(os)("VirtualAlloc2 placeholder reservation of size (%zu) at " PTR_FORMAT ": error %lu.", bytes, p2i(addr), GetLastError());
+    return PlaceholderRegion();
+  }
+}
+
+os::win32::PlaceholderRegionPair os::win32::split_memory(const PlaceholderRegion& orig, size_t offset) {
+  guarantee(is_VirtualAlloc2_supported(), "split_memory requires VirtualAlloc2.");
+  assert(!orig.is_empty(), "Region cannot be empty");
+  assert(offset <= orig.size(), "Offset must be less than or equal to region size");
+
+  char* original_base = orig.base();
+  size_t original_size = orig.size();
+
+  if (offset == 0) {
+    log_trace(os)("Split memory has offset 0: " RANGEFMT, RANGEFMTARGS(original_base, original_size));
+    return { PlaceholderRegion(), orig };
+  } else if (offset == original_size) {
+    log_trace(os)("Split memory consumed the whole region: " RANGEFMT, RANGEFMTARGS(original_base, original_size));
+    return { orig, PlaceholderRegion() };
+  }
+
+  assert(is_aligned(offset, os::vm_allocation_granularity()), "If the split does not consume the entire original region, the offset should be aligned to allocation granularity since a new Placeholder is spawned the split point.");
+
+  // VirtualFree with MEM_RELEASE | MEM_PRESERVE_PLACEHOLDER splits the
+  // placeholder [original_base, original_base+original_size) in two:
+  // [original_base, original_base+offset)  and  [original_base+offset, original_base+original_size)
+  //
+  // With correct inputs, this should not fail.
+  // A failure indicates either a programming error (e.g., bad alignment,
+  // region not actually a placeholder) or a catastrophic system problem.
+  // Crashing with a diagnostic is more useful than attempting recovery.
+  BOOL result = virtualFree(original_base, offset, MEM_RELEASE | MEM_PRESERVE_PLACEHOLDER);
+  guarantee(result != FALSE,
+            "Failed to split placeholder at " PTR_FORMAT " (offset %zu): error %lu.",
+            p2i(original_base), offset, GetLastError());
+
+  log_trace(os)("Split placeholder " RANGE_FORMAT " at offset %zu.",
+          RANGE_FORMAT_ARGS(original_base, original_size), offset);
+
+  return {PlaceholderRegion(original_base, offset), PlaceholderRegion(original_base + offset, original_size - offset)};
+}
+
+char* os::win32::convert_to_reserved(PlaceholderRegion region, int numa_node) {
+  guarantee(is_VirtualAlloc2_supported(), "convert_to_reserved requires VirtualAlloc2");
+  assert(!region.is_empty(), "Region cannot be empty");
+
+  char* base = region.base();
+  size_t size = region.size();
+
+  assert(base != nullptr, "Region base cannot be null");
+  assert(size > 0, "Region size must be positive");
+
+  MEM_EXTENDED_PARAMETER param = { 0 };
+  MEM_EXTENDED_PARAMETER* param_ptr = nullptr;
+  ULONG param_count = 0;
+
+  if (numa_node >= 0) {
+    param.Type = MemExtendedParameterNumaNode;
+    param.ULong = (DWORD)numa_node;
+    param_ptr = &param;
+    param_count = 1;
+  }
+
+  // Similar to split_memory, with correct inputs, this should never fail.
+  char* reserved = (char*)os::win32::VirtualAlloc2(
+          GetCurrentProcess(),
+          base,
+          size,
+          MEM_RESERVE | MEM_REPLACE_PLACEHOLDER,
+          PAGE_READWRITE,
+          param_ptr, param_count);
+  guarantee(reserved != nullptr,
+            "Failed to convert placeholder to reservation at " PTR_FORMAT " (%zu, numa node %d): error %lu.",
+          p2i(base), size, numa_node, GetLastError());
+
+  if (numa_node >= 0) {
+    log_trace(os)("Converted placeholder " RANGE_FORMAT " to reservation on NUMA node %d.", RANGE_FORMAT_ARGS(reserved, size), numa_node);
+  } else {
+    log_trace(os)("Converted placeholder " RANGE_FORMAT " to reservation.", RANGE_FORMAT_ARGS(reserved, size));
+  }
+
+  return reserved;
+}
+
+// Reserve a region split across NUMA nodes.
+// Uses VirtualAlloc2 placeholders in order to avoid races when splitting up the initial reservation into
+// chunks assigned to different nodes. Returns the base address of the reserved range, or nullptr on failure.
+static char* reserve_with_numa_placeholder(char* addr, size_t bytes) {
+  assert(is_VirtualAlloc2_supported(), "requires VirtualAlloc2");
+
+  const size_t chunk_size = NUMAInterleaveGranularity;
+
+  // Reserve the full range as a placeholder.
+  // If we requested an address, reserve_placeholder_memory will obtain it or fail.
+  os::win32::PlaceholderRegion whole_range =  os::win32::reserve_placeholder_memory(bytes, addr);
+  if (whole_range.is_empty()) {
+    log_warning(os)("Failed to reserve placeholder for NUMA interleaving (" PTR_FORMAT ", %zu).", p2i(addr), bytes);
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  char* const whole_range_base = whole_range.base();
+  log_trace(os)("Created VirtualAlloc2 NUMA placeholder at " RANGE_FORMAT " (%zu bytes).", RANGE_FORMAT_ARGS(whole_range_base, bytes), bytes);
+
+  char* cur = whole_range_base;
+  size_t remaining_len = whole_range.size();
+
+  int count = 0;
+  const int node_count = numa_node_list_holder.get_count();
+
+  while (remaining_len > 0) {
+    const size_t bytes_to_rq = MIN2(remaining_len, chunk_size - ((uintptr_t)cur % chunk_size));
+    os::win32::PlaceholderRegion remaining(cur, remaining_len);
+    os::win32::PlaceholderRegionPair split = os::win32::split_memory(remaining, bytes_to_rq);
+    // Assign 0 for testing on systems without NUMA interleaving
+    DWORD node = node_count > 0 ? numa_node_list_holder.get_node_list_entry(count % node_count) : 0;
+    os::win32::convert_to_reserved(split.left, (int)node);
+    cur = split.right.base();
+    remaining_len = split.right.size();
+    count++;
+  }
+
+  return whole_range_base;
+}
+
 // Reserve memory at an arbitrary address, only if that area is
 // available (and not reserved for something else).
 char* os::pd_attempt_reserve_memory_at(char* addr, size_t bytes, bool exec) {
@@ -3516,23 +3662,32 @@ char* os::pd_attempt_reserve_memory_at(char* addr, size_t bytes, bool exec) {
   char* res;
   // note that if UseLargePages is on, all the areas that require interleaving
   // will go thru reserve_memory_special rather than thru here.
-  bool use_individual = (UseNUMAInterleaving && !UseLargePages);
-  if (!use_individual) {
-    res = (char*)virtualAlloc(addr, bytes, MEM_RESERVE, PAGE_READWRITE);
-  } else {
+  bool use_numa_interleaving = (UseNUMAInterleaving && !UseLargePages);
+  if (use_numa_interleaving) {
     elapsedTimer reserveTimer;
     if (Verbose && PrintMiscellaneous) reserveTimer.start();
-    // in numa interleaving, we have to allocate pages individually
-    // (well really chunks of NUMAInterleaveGranularity size)
-    res = allocate_pages_individually(bytes, addr, MEM_RESERVE, PAGE_READWRITE);
-    if (res == nullptr) {
-      warning("NUMA page allocation failed");
+    if (is_VirtualAlloc2_supported()) {
+      // Splittable NUMA interleaving with VirtualAlloc2 placeholders.
+      res = reserve_with_numa_placeholder(addr, bytes);
+      if (res == nullptr) {
+        log_warning(os)("NUMA allocation using placeholders failed");
+      }
+    } else {
+      // Non-splittable NUMA interleaving: allocate_pages_individually (possible races).
+      // (well really chunks of NUMAInterleaveGranularity size)
+      res = allocate_pages_individually(bytes, addr, MEM_RESERVE, PAGE_READWRITE);
+      if (res == nullptr) {
+        log_warning(os)("NUMA page allocation failed");
+      }
     }
     if (Verbose && PrintMiscellaneous) {
       reserveTimer.stop();
       tty->print_cr("reserve_memory of %zx bytes took " JLONG_FORMAT " ms (" JLONG_FORMAT " ticks)", bytes,
-                    reserveTimer.milliseconds(), reserveTimer.ticks());
+              reserveTimer.milliseconds(), reserveTimer.ticks());
     }
+  } else {
+    // Standard reservation.
+    res = (char*)virtualAlloc(addr, bytes, MEM_RESERVE, PAGE_READWRITE);
   }
   assert(res == nullptr || addr == nullptr || addr == res,
          "Unexpected address from reserve.");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.hpp b/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.hpp
index 5ebc80c817b..68e77c9957f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.hpp
@@ -122,6 +122,57 @@ class os::win32 {
   typedef PVOID (WINAPI *MapViewOfFile3Fn)(HANDLE, HANDLE, PVOID, ULONG64, SIZE_T, ULONG, ULONG, MEM_EXTENDED_PARAMETER*, ULONG);
   static MapViewOfFile3Fn MapViewOfFile3;
 
+  // A "reserved" region of address space that can be split or converted to a
+  // normal reservation. Conceptually distinct from a reserved region:
+  // callers must NOT call commit_memory, map_memory, or other operations
+  // directly on the raw address. They must first convert it via
+  // convert_to_reserved().
+  class PlaceholderRegion {
+      char* const  _base;
+      size_t const _size;
+  public:
+      PlaceholderRegion() : _base(nullptr), _size(0) {}
+      PlaceholderRegion(char* base, size_t size) : _base(base), _size(size) {
+        if (base != nullptr) {
+          assert(size > 0, "Non-empty Placeholder must have positive size.");
+          assert(is_aligned(base, os::vm_allocation_granularity()), "New Placeholder base should be aligned to allocation granularity.");
+          assert(is_aligned(size, os::vm_page_size()), "New Placeholder size should be page-aligned");
+        } else {
+          assert(size == 0, "Empty Placeholder must have zero size.");
+        }
+      }
+      PlaceholderRegion(const PlaceholderRegion& source) : PlaceholderRegion(source._base, source._size) {}
+      char*  base() const { return _base; }
+      size_t size() const { return _size; }
+      bool   is_empty() const { return _base == nullptr; }
+  };
+
+  struct PlaceholderRegionPair {
+    PlaceholderRegion left;
+    PlaceholderRegion right;
+  };
+
+  // Reserves a virtual memory region that can be split after allocation.
+  // The returned region must be converted via convert_to_reserved() before committing.
+  // If the returned PlaceholderRegion is empty, the reservation failed.
+  // This should only be called after os::init_2() has completed, otherwise the Windows API may not be initialized.
+  // Uses VirtualAlloc2, which requires the base address be null or aligned to allocation granularity.
+  static PlaceholderRegion reserve_placeholder_memory(size_t bytes, char* addr);
+
+  // Split 'orig' at 'offset'. Returns left and right placeholder pieces as a PlaceholderRegionPair.
+  // The caller must not use 'orig' afterward.
+  // Offset must be aligned to allocation granularity.
+  // If offset == orig.size(), returns { orig, empty }.
+  // If offset == 0, returns { empty, orig }.
+  // This should not fail. If unsuccessful, this function fails fatally.
+  static PlaceholderRegionPair split_memory(const PlaceholderRegion& orig, size_t offset);
+
+  // Convert a placeholder region into a regular reserved region via VirtualAlloc2(MEM_REPLACE_PLACEHOLDER).
+  // After conversion the Placeholder region should no longer be used.
+  // This should not fail. If unsuccessful, this function fails fatally.
+  // If numa_node >= 0, binds the reservation to that NUMA node.
+  static char* convert_to_reserved(PlaceholderRegion region, int numa_node = -1);
+
  private:
 
   static void initialize_performance_counter();
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_os_windows.cpp b/test/hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_os_windows.cpp
index 6822e37b539..5efa0580eda 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_os_windows.cpp
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_os_windows.cpp
@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@
 #include "concurrentTestRunner.inline.hpp"
 #include "unittest.hpp"
 
+#include <psapi.h>
+
 namespace {
   class MemoryReleaser {
     char* const _ptr;
@@ -873,4 +875,242 @@ TEST_VM(os_windows, SafeFetch32_with_page_guard_protection) {
   ::VirtualFree(p, 0, MEM_RELEASE);
 }
 
+#define SKIP_IF_PLACEHOLDER_NOT_SUPPORTED \
+  if (os::win32::VirtualAlloc2 == nullptr)  GTEST_SKIP() << "VirtualAlloc2 not available";
+
+TEST_VM(os, placeholder_reserve_and_convert) {
+  SKIP_IF_PLACEHOLDER_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+
+  const size_t size = 4 * os::vm_allocation_granularity();
+
+  os::win32::PlaceholderRegion region = os::win32::reserve_placeholder_memory(size, nullptr);
+  ASSERT_FALSE(region.is_empty());
+  ASSERT_EQ(region.size(), size);
+  ASSERT_NE(region.base(), (char*)nullptr);
+
+  char* reserved = os::win32::convert_to_reserved(region);
+  ASSERT_EQ(reserved, region.base());
+
+  // Commit, but bypass NMT
+  ASSERT_NE(::VirtualAlloc(reserved, size, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE), nullptr);
+  // Touch the memory to confirm it's usable.
+  memset(reserved, 0xAB, size);
+  EXPECT_EQ((unsigned char)reserved[0], 0xAB);
+  EXPECT_EQ((unsigned char)reserved[size - 1], 0xAB);
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(::VirtualFree(reserved, 0, MEM_RELEASE));
+}
+
+TEST_VM(os, placeholder_split_two_way) {
+  SKIP_IF_PLACEHOLDER_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+
+  const size_t granularity = os::vm_allocation_granularity();
+  const size_t total = 4 * granularity;
+  const size_t split_offset = 3 * granularity;
+
+  os::win32::PlaceholderRegion region = os::win32::reserve_placeholder_memory(total, nullptr);
+  ASSERT_FALSE(region.is_empty());
+
+  char* original_base = region.base();
+  os::win32::PlaceholderRegionPair split = os::win32::split_memory(region, split_offset);
+
+  // Leading piece: [base, base+split_offset)
+  ASSERT_EQ(split.left.base(), original_base);
+  ASSERT_EQ(split.left.size(), split_offset);
+
+  // Trailing piece: [base+split_offset, base+total)
+  ASSERT_EQ(split.right.base(), original_base + split_offset);
+  ASSERT_EQ(split.right.size(), total - split_offset);
+
+  // Convert both and commit.
+  char* addr1 = os::win32::convert_to_reserved(split.left);
+  char* addr2 = os::win32::convert_to_reserved(split.right);
+  ASSERT_EQ(addr1, original_base);
+  ASSERT_EQ(addr2, original_base + split_offset);
+
+  // Commit, but bypass NMT
+  ASSERT_NE(::VirtualAlloc(addr1, split_offset, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE), nullptr);
+  ASSERT_NE(::VirtualAlloc(addr2, total - split_offset, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE), nullptr);
+
+  // Touch the memory to confirm it's usable.
+  memset(addr1, 0x11, split_offset);
+  memset(addr2, 0x22, total - split_offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ((unsigned char)addr1[0], 0x11);
+  EXPECT_EQ((unsigned char)addr2[0], 0x22);
+
+  // Verify we can release the parts separately.
+  ASSERT_TRUE(::VirtualFree(addr1, 0, MEM_RELEASE));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(::VirtualFree(addr2, 0, MEM_RELEASE));
+}
+
+TEST_VM(os, placeholder_split_consumes_full_range) {
+  SKIP_IF_PLACEHOLDER_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+
+  const size_t region_size = os::vm_allocation_granularity();
+  os::win32::PlaceholderRegion region = os::win32::reserve_placeholder_memory(region_size, nullptr);
+  ASSERT_FALSE(region.is_empty());
+
+  char* original_base = region.base();
+  os::win32::PlaceholderRegionPair split = os::win32::split_memory(region, region_size);
+
+  // Leading piece
+  ASSERT_EQ(split.left.base(), original_base);
+  ASSERT_EQ(split.left.size(), region_size);
+
+  // Trailing piece
+  ASSERT_TRUE(split.right.is_empty());
+
+  // Commit and touch to confirm it's usable.
+  char* addr = os::win32::convert_to_reserved(split.left);
+  ASSERT_NE(::VirtualAlloc(addr, region_size, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE), nullptr);
+  memset(addr, 0x11, region_size);
+  EXPECT_EQ((unsigned char)addr[0], 0x11);
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(::VirtualFree(addr, 0, MEM_RELEASE));
+}
+
+TEST_VM(os, placeholder_split_consumes_nothing) {
+  SKIP_IF_PLACEHOLDER_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+
+  const size_t region_size = os::vm_allocation_granularity();
+  os::win32::PlaceholderRegion region = os::win32::reserve_placeholder_memory(region_size, nullptr);
+  ASSERT_FALSE(region.is_empty());
+
+  char* original_base = region.base();
+  os::win32::PlaceholderRegionPair split = os::win32::split_memory(region, 0);
+
+  // Leading piece
+  ASSERT_TRUE(split.left.is_empty());
+
+  // Trailing piece
+  ASSERT_EQ(split.right.base(), original_base);
+  ASSERT_EQ(split.right.size(), region_size);
+
+  // Commit and touch to confirm it's usable.
+  char* addr = os::win32::convert_to_reserved(split.right);
+  ASSERT_NE(::VirtualAlloc(addr, region_size, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE), nullptr);
+  memset(addr, 0x11, region_size);
+  EXPECT_EQ((unsigned char)addr[0], 0x11);
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(::VirtualFree(addr, 0, MEM_RELEASE));
+}
+
+TEST_VM_FATAL_ERROR_MSG(os, placeholder_double_convert, ".*Failed to convert placeholder.*") {
+  SKIP_IF_PLACEHOLDER_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+  const size_t size = 4 * os::vm_allocation_granularity();
+
+  os::win32::PlaceholderRegion region = os::win32::reserve_placeholder_memory(size, nullptr);
+  ASSERT_FALSE(region.is_empty());
+  ASSERT_EQ(region.size(), size);
+  ASSERT_NE(region.base(), (char*)nullptr);
+
+  // Double convert
+  char* reserved = os::win32::convert_to_reserved(region);
+  ASSERT_EQ(reserved, region.base());
+  // This second conversion attempt should crash producing the error "...Failed to convert placeholder..."
+  reserved = os::win32::convert_to_reserved(region);
+}
+
+TEST_VM(os, placeholder_commit_before_convert) {
+  SKIP_IF_PLACEHOLDER_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+  const size_t size = 4 * os::vm_allocation_granularity();
+
+  os::win32::PlaceholderRegion region = os::win32::reserve_placeholder_memory(size, nullptr);
+  ASSERT_FALSE(region.is_empty());
+  ASSERT_EQ(region.size(), size);
+  ASSERT_NE(region.base(), (char*)nullptr);
+
+  // Committing should fail here, but not crash.
+  ASSERT_FALSE(::VirtualAlloc(region.base(), size, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(::VirtualFree(region.base(), 0, MEM_RELEASE));
+}
+
+TEST_VM(os, placeholder_release_before_convert) {
+  SKIP_IF_PLACEHOLDER_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+
+  const size_t size = 4 * os::vm_allocation_granularity();
+
+  os::win32::PlaceholderRegion region = os::win32::reserve_placeholder_memory(size, nullptr);
+  ASSERT_FALSE(region.is_empty());
+  ASSERT_EQ(region.size(), size);
+  ASSERT_NE(region.base(), (char*)nullptr);
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(::VirtualFree(region.base(), 0, MEM_RELEASE));
+}
+
+// Test that reserve_with_numa_placeholder works correctly.
+// On NUMA systems with a single NUMA node, there is no true interleaving
+// (all chunks are put on node 0) but the placeholder split/replace path
+// is still properly exercised.
+TEST_VM(os_windows, placeholder_numa_reserve_commit) {
+  SKIP_IF_PLACEHOLDER_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+
+  const size_t num_nodes = os::numa_get_groups_num();
+
+  // Enable NUMA interleaving for this test so the correct code path is taken.
+  AutoSaveRestore<bool> FLAG_GUARD(UseNUMAInterleaving);
+  AutoSaveRestore<bool> FLAG_GUARD(UseLargePages);
+  FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(UseNUMAInterleaving, true);
+  FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(UseLargePages, false);
+
+  // Allocate a region large enough to span multiple NUMA interleave chunks.
+  // NUMAInterleaveGranularity defaults to 2MB
+  const size_t chunk_size = NUMAInterleaveGranularity;
+  const size_t num_chunks = 4;
+  const size_t size = num_chunks * chunk_size;
+
+  char* result = os::attempt_reserve_memory_at(nullptr, size, mtTest);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(result != nullptr) << "Failed to reserve memory";
+  ASSERT_TRUE(is_aligned(result, os::vm_allocation_granularity()));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(os::commit_memory(result, size, false));
+
+  // Walk (and touch) the chunks using the same alignment logic as reserve_with_numa_placeholder:
+  // the first chunk may be shorter (up to the next chunk_size boundary),
+  // then full chunk_size pieces, with a possible shorter trailing chunk.
+  PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_INFORMATION wsi[num_chunks + 1];
+  memset(wsi, 0, sizeof(wsi));
+  size_t bytes_remaining = size;
+  char* addr = result;
+  size_t actual_chunks = 0;
+
+  while (bytes_remaining > 0) {
+    size_t this_chunk_size = MIN2(bytes_remaining, chunk_size - ((size_t)addr % chunk_size));
+
+    memset(addr, 0xDA, this_chunk_size);
+
+    wsi[actual_chunks] = {0};
+    wsi[actual_chunks].VirtualAddress = addr;
+    actual_chunks++;
+
+    bytes_remaining -= this_chunk_size;
+    addr += this_chunk_size;
+  }
+
+  BOOL query_ok = QueryWorkingSetEx(GetCurrentProcess(), wsi, sizeof(wsi));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(query_ok) << "QueryWorkingSetEx failed: " << GetLastError();
+
+  // Verify all pages are valid (in the working set).
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < actual_chunks; i++) {
+    EXPECT_TRUE(wsi[i].VirtualAttributes.Valid) << "Chunk " << i << " page not valid in working set";
+  }
+
+  if (num_nodes > 1) {
+    // On a multi-NUMA system, verify that not all chunks are assigned to the same node.
+    ULONG first_node = (ULONG)wsi[0].VirtualAttributes.Node;
+    bool found_different_node = false;
+    for (size_t i = 1; i < actual_chunks; i++) {
+      if (wsi[i].VirtualAttributes.Valid &&
+          (ULONG)wsi[i].VirtualAttributes.Node != first_node) {
+        found_different_node = true;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    EXPECT_TRUE(found_different_node)
+        << "All " << actual_chunks << " chunks assigned to NUMA node " << first_node
+        << "; expected interleaving across " << num_nodes << " nodes";
+  }
+
+  os::release_memory(result, size);
+}
+
 #endif

From d1c87e5b4f3f17c473e2425983b3eb8c7ac15fa8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Derek White <drwhite@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2026 13:42:10 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 235/707] 8388080: Increase static size of some stubs for APX
 code

Reviewed-by: sviswanathan, kvn
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/methodHandles_x86.hpp    | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86_64.cpp | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/methodHandles_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/methodHandles_x86.hpp
index c4dde903d29..8fdb6c1fb52 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/methodHandles_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/methodHandles_x86.hpp
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 
 // Adapters
 enum /* platform_dependent_constants */ {
-  adapter_code_size = 6000 DEBUG_ONLY(+ 6000)
+  adapter_code_size = 8000 DEBUG_ONLY(+ 6000)
 };
 
 // Additional helper methods for MethodHandles code generation:
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86_64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86_64.cpp
index 8bb9982a820..7fc105046ff 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86_64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86_64.cpp
@@ -3452,7 +3452,7 @@ RuntimeStub* SharedRuntime::generate_jfr_write_checkpoint() {
   };
 
   const char* name = SharedRuntime::stub_name(StubId::shared_jfr_write_checkpoint_id);
-  CodeBuffer code(name, 1024, 64);
+  CodeBuffer code(name, 1024 + (UseAPX ? 1024 : 0), 64);
   MacroAssembler* masm = new MacroAssembler(&code);
   address start = __ pc();
 

From 82a2089959fb47ee0a6bd9f8836de6212de1f02f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matias Saavedra Silva <matsaave@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2026 14:30:08 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 236/707] 8365575: AOT cache should include classes verified
 using "fail over" verification

Reviewed-by: iklam, liach
---
 src/hotspot/share/classfile/verifier.cpp      | 14 +++--
 src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp      | 10 ++++
 src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.hpp      |  3 +
 src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlassFlags.hpp |  1 +
 .../cds/appcds/aotCache/VerifierFailOver.java | 59 +++++++++++++++++--
 5 files changed, 77 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verifier.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verifier.cpp
index 48be24c20dc..8422a39827a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verifier.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verifier.cpp
@@ -222,9 +222,9 @@ bool Verifier::verify(InstanceKlass* klass, bool should_verify_class, TRAPS) {
     split_verifier.verify_class(THREAD);
     exception_name = split_verifier.result();
 
-    // If dumping {classic, final} static archive, don't bother to run the old verifier, as
+    // If dumping classic static archive, don't bother to run the old verifier, as
     // the class will be excluded from the archive anyway.
-    bool can_failover = !(CDSConfig::is_dumping_classic_static_archive() || CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive()) &&
+    bool can_failover = !(CDSConfig::is_dumping_classic_static_archive()) &&
       klass->major_version() < NOFAILOVER_MAJOR_VERSION;
 
     if (can_failover && !HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION &&  // Split verifier doesn't set PENDING_EXCEPTION for failure
@@ -233,9 +233,9 @@ bool Verifier::verify(InstanceKlass* klass, bool should_verify_class, TRAPS) {
       log_info(verification)("Fail over class verification to old verifier for: %s", klass->external_name());
       log_info(class, init)("Fail over class verification to old verifier for: %s", klass->external_name());
 #if INCLUDE_CDS
-      // Exclude any classes that are verified with the old verifier, as the old verifier
-      // doesn't call SystemDictionaryShared::add_verification_constraint()
-      if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive()) {
+      // Exclude any classes that are verified with the old verifier when the verification constraints
+      // cannot be preserved.
+      if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive() && !CDSConfig::is_preserving_verification_constraints()) {
         SystemDictionaryShared::log_exclusion(klass, "Verified with old verifier");
         SystemDictionaryShared::set_excluded(klass);
       }
@@ -244,6 +244,10 @@ bool Verifier::verify(InstanceKlass* klass, bool should_verify_class, TRAPS) {
       exception_message = message_buffer;
       exception_name = inference_verify(
         klass, message_buffer, message_buffer_len, THREAD);
+
+      if (exception_name == nullptr && !HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
+        klass->set_fail_over_verified();
+      }
     }
     if (exception_name != nullptr) {
       exception_message = split_verifier.exception_message();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
index fd1cf1b1457..8161516421e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
@@ -2911,6 +2911,16 @@ bool InstanceKlass::can_be_verified_at_dumptime() const {
     // SystemDictionaryShared::check_verification_constraints() will not work for this class.
     return false;
   }
+
+  if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive() && fail_over_verified()) {
+    // This is a class with version >50 but was verified with the old verifier in the training run,
+    // which had -XX:+AOTClassLinking. However, we are now in the assembly run with -XX:-AOTClassLinking.
+    // As SystemDictionaryShared::check_verification_constraints() does not support this case,
+    // we must exclude this class.
+    assert(!CDSConfig::is_dumping_aot_linked_classes(), "must be");
+    return false;
+  }
+
   if (super() != nullptr && !super()->can_be_verified_at_dumptime()) {
     return false;
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.hpp
index 41f176330fa..721a50c73c6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.hpp
@@ -339,6 +339,9 @@ class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
   bool has_localvariable_table() const     { return _misc_flags.has_localvariable_table(); }
   void set_has_localvariable_table(bool b) { _misc_flags.set_has_localvariable_table(b); }
 
+  bool fail_over_verified() const { return _misc_flags.fail_over_verified(); }
+  void set_fail_over_verified() { _misc_flags.set_fail_over_verified(true); }
+
   // field sizes
   int nonstatic_field_size() const         { return _nonstatic_field_size; }
   void set_nonstatic_field_size(int size)  { _nonstatic_field_size = size; }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlassFlags.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlassFlags.hpp
index 1709c02a171..84041a3a0e7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlassFlags.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlassFlags.hpp
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ class InstanceKlassFlags {
     flag(has_miranda_methods                , 1 << 12) /* True if this class has miranda methods in it's vtable */ \
     flag(has_final_method                   , 1 << 13) /* True if klass has final method */ \
     flag(trust_final_fields                 , 1 << 14) /* All instance final fields in this class should be trusted */ \
+    flag(fail_over_verified           , 1 << 15) /* class failed split verification but passed inference verification */ \
     /* end of list */
 
 #define IK_FLAGS_ENUM_NAME(name, value)    _misc_##name = value,
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/VerifierFailOver.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/VerifierFailOver.java
index 8107e3fe0a3..82a5ccb2142 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/VerifierFailOver.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/VerifierFailOver.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
+ * @bug 8365575
  * @summary Sanity test for AOTCache
  * @requires vm.cds.supports.aot.class.linking
  * @library /test/lib
@@ -33,24 +34,72 @@
  * @run driver VerifierFailOver
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSAppTester;
 import jdk.test.lib.cds.SimpleCDSAppTester;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
 import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
 
 public class VerifierFailOver {
+
+    static final String mainClass = VerifierFailOverApp.class.getName();
+    static final String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("app.jar");
+
     public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
         SimpleCDSAppTester.of("VerifierFailOver")
             .addVmArgs("-Xlog:aot,aot+class=debug")
             .classpath("app.jar")
             .appCommandLine("VerifierFailOverApp")
             .setTrainingChecker((OutputAnalyzer out) -> {
-                    out.shouldContain("Skipping VerifierFailOver_Helper: Verified with old verifier");
+                    out.shouldMatch("class.* klasses.* VerifierFailOver_Helper");
                 })
             .setAssemblyChecker((OutputAnalyzer out) -> {
-                    // classes verified with fail-over mode should not be cached.
-                    out.shouldMatch("class.* klasses.* VerifierFailOverApp");
-                    out.shouldNotMatch("class.* klasses.* VerifierFailOver_Helper");
+                    // Classes verified with fail-over can be cached if AOTClassLinking is on
+                    out.shouldMatch("class.* klasses.* VerifierFailOverApp aot-linked");
+                    out.shouldMatch("class.* klasses.* VerifierFailOver_Helper aot-linked");
                 })
             .runAOTWorkflow();
+
+
+        // When running an assembly run without AOTClassLinking, any classes verified with
+        // fail-over need to be excluded.
+        Tester t = new Tester();
+        t.runAOTWorkflow();
+    }
+
+    static class Tester extends CDSAppTester {
+        public Tester() {
+            super(mainClass);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String classpath(RunMode runMode) {
+            return appJar;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String[] vmArgs(RunMode runMode) {
+            if (runMode == RunMode.ASSEMBLY) {
+                return new String[] {"-XX:-AOTClassLinking", "-Xlog:aot,aot+class=debug"};
+            } else {
+                return new String[] { "-Xlog:aot,aot+class=debug" };
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String[] appCommandLine(RunMode runMode) {
+            return new String[] { mainClass };
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void checkExecution(OutputAnalyzer out, RunMode runMode)  throws Exception {
+            if (runMode == RunMode.TRAINING) {
+                out.shouldMatch("class.* klasses.* VerifierFailOver_Helper");
+            } else if (runMode == RunMode.ASSEMBLY) {
+                out.shouldContain("Skipping VerifierFailOver_Helper: Old class has been linked");
+                out.shouldMatch("class.* klasses.* VerifierFailOverApp");
+                out.shouldNotMatch("class.* klasses.* VerifierFailOver_Helper");
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
 

From 79568c915ae8c348b0fed271b949d21247770d13 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Coleen Phillimore <coleenp@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2026 15:02:05 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 237/707] 8384557: Allow configuration of the JVM's temporary
 directory on Linux

Co-authored-by: Kevin Walls <kevinw@openjdk.org>
Co-authored-by: David Holmes <dholmes@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: dholmes, sspitsyn, jsjolen, kevinw
---
 src/hotspot/os/linux/globals_linux.hpp        |   6 +-
 src/hotspot/os/linux/os_linux.cpp             |  45 ++-
 src/hotspot/os/posix/attachListener_posix.cpp |   9 +-
 src/hotspot/os/posix/perfMemory_posix.cpp     |  13 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp       |   1 +
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.hpp              |   6 +
 src/java.base/share/man/java.md               |  17 ++
 .../sun/tools/attach/VirtualMachineImpl.java  |  16 +-
 .../native/libattach/VirtualMachineImpl.c     |  41 ++-
 .../sun/jvmstat/PlatformSupportImpl.java      |  53 ++--
 src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jcmd.md                |  10 +-
 src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jinfo.md               |   4 +
 src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jmap.md                |   7 +-
 src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jps.md                 |   5 +-
 src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jstack.md              |   5 +
 src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jstat.md               |   7 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/attach/JvmTempDirTest.java  | 258 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../jdk/com/sun/tools/attach/TempDirTest.java |   6 +-
 test/jdk/sun/tools/jps/TestJpsTempDir.java    |  72 +++++
 19 files changed, 533 insertions(+), 48 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/com/sun/tools/attach/JvmTempDirTest.java
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/sun/tools/jps/TestJpsTempDir.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/os/linux/globals_linux.hpp b/src/hotspot/os/linux/globals_linux.hpp
index 90e1e5e5f3f..fa7b5a63c6c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os/linux/globals_linux.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os/linux/globals_linux.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -94,6 +94,10 @@
           " 0 = no timeout (default)")                                  \
           range(0,1000000)                                              \
                                                                         \
+  product(ccstr, AltTempDir, nullptr,                                   \
+          "Alternate temporary directory for JVM files.")               \
+                                                                        \
+
 // end of RUNTIME_OS_FLAGS
 
 //
diff --git a/src/hotspot/os/linux/os_linux.cpp b/src/hotspot/os/linux/os_linux.cpp
index aad18edf2a6..12a4ea2bda4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os/linux/os_linux.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os/linux/os_linux.cpp
@@ -112,6 +112,7 @@
 # include <sys/time.h>
 # include <sys/times.h>
 # include <sys/types.h>
+# include <sys/un.h>
 # include <sys/utsname.h>
 # include <syscall.h>
 # include <time.h>
@@ -1547,11 +1548,47 @@ int os::current_process_id() {
   return ::getpid();
 }
 
-// DLL functions
+static bool is_writable_directory(const char* name) {
+  struct stat mystat;
+  int ret_val = stat(name, &mystat);
+  return (ret_val != -1 && S_ISDIR(mystat.st_mode) > 0 && access(name, R_OK|W_OK|X_OK) == 0);
+}
+
+// Check that a given alternate temporary directory name specifies an absolute path and is an existing, writable
+// directory.
+
+// If it is not an absolute path, revert back to hardcoded /tmp. If the directory is non existant or not
+// writable give a warning but use AltTempDir. In the latter case, we may be connecting to a process that is
+// inside a container.
+//
+// Since the attach mechanism uses the socket name length, this limits the length of the alternate
+// temporary directory name.  We don't check that here since the temporary directory is
+// used for many things. The perfData and attach code will check it.
+
+void os::pd_check_temp_directory() {
+  if (AltTempDir != nullptr && AltTempDir[0] != '\0') {
+    if (AltTempDir[0] != '/') {
+      log_warning(os)("Warning: AltTempDir is ignored because it must be an absolute pathname");
+      AltTempDir = nullptr;
+    } else {
+      if (!is_writable_directory(AltTempDir)) {
+        // This is only a warning and still uses AltTempDir, which is needed to attach to a
+        // containerized process from the host.
+        log_warning(os)("Warning: AltTempDir is not an existing or writable directory");
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (!is_writable_directory("/tmp")) {
+      log_warning(os)("Warning: /tmp is not writable. Consider using -XX:AltTempDir=/<dir> to set a writable temp directory");
+    }
+    AltTempDir = nullptr; // avoid checking AltTempDir[0] again.
+  }
+}
 
-// This must be hard coded because it's the system's temporary
-// directory not the java application's temp directory, ala java.io.tmpdir.
-const char* os::get_temp_directory() { return "/tmp"; }
+const char* os::get_temp_directory() {
+  // AltTempDir is already checked.
+  return AltTempDir != nullptr ? AltTempDir : "/tmp";
+}
 
 // check if addr is inside libjvm.so
 bool os::address_is_in_vm(address addr) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/os/posix/attachListener_posix.cpp b/src/hotspot/os/posix/attachListener_posix.cpp
index a7cf1703128..152fd6140e0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os/posix/attachListener_posix.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os/posix/attachListener_posix.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -201,6 +201,8 @@ int PosixAttachListener::init() {
     n = os::snprintf(initial_path, UNIX_PATH_MAX, "%s.tmp", path);
   }
   if (n >= (int)UNIX_PATH_MAX) {
+    log_warning(attach)("Failed to create temporary file for attach %s/.java_pid%d: file name is too long",
+                        os::get_temp_directory(), os::current_process_id());
     return -1;
   }
 
@@ -346,8 +348,11 @@ void AttachListener::vm_start() {
   struct stat st;
   int ret;
 
-  os::snprintf_checked(fn, UNIX_PATH_MAX, "%s/.java_pid%d",
+  int n = os::snprintf(fn, UNIX_PATH_MAX, "%s/.java_pid%d",
                        os::get_temp_directory(), os::current_process_id());
+  if (n >= (int)UNIX_PATH_MAX) {
+    return;
+  }
 
   RESTARTABLE(::stat(fn, &st), ret);
   if (ret == 0) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/os/posix/perfMemory_posix.cpp b/src/hotspot/os/posix/perfMemory_posix.cpp
index 300c86ffc47..aaeb33b6d9b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os/posix/perfMemory_posix.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os/posix/perfMemory_posix.cpp
@@ -135,23 +135,25 @@ static void save_memory_to_file(char* addr, size_t size) {
 // return the user specific temporary directory name.
 // the caller is expected to free the allocated memory.
 //
-#define TMP_BUFFER_LEN (4+22)
 static char* get_user_tmp_dir(const char* user, int vmid, int nspid) {
   char* tmpdir = (char *)os::get_temp_directory();
+  char buffer[PATH_MAX] = {0};
 #if defined(LINUX)
   // On linux, if containerized process, get dirname of
   // /proc/{vmid}/root/tmp/{PERFDATA_NAME_user}
   // otherwise /tmp/{PERFDATA_NAME_user}
-  char buffer[TMP_BUFFER_LEN];
-  assert(strlen(tmpdir) == 4, "No longer using /tmp - update buffer size");
+  // The /tmp directory can be overridden with AltTempDir.
 
   if (nspid != -1) {
-    jio_snprintf(buffer, TMP_BUFFER_LEN, "/proc/%d/root%s", vmid, tmpdir);
+    int val = os::snprintf(buffer, PATH_MAX, "/proc/%d/root%s", vmid, tmpdir);
+    if (val >= (int)PATH_MAX) {
+      log_warning(perf)("The temporary directory for perf data /proc/%d/root%s name is truncated",
+                        vmid, tmpdir);
+    }
     tmpdir = buffer;
   }
 #endif
 #ifdef __APPLE__
-  char buffer[PATH_MAX] = {0};
   // Check if the current user is root and the target VM is running as non-root.
   // Otherwise the output of os::get_temp_directory() is used.
   //
@@ -524,7 +526,6 @@ static char* get_user_name_slow(int vmid, int nspid, TRAPS) {
   char* tmpdirname = (char *)os::get_temp_directory();
 #if defined(LINUX)
   char buffer[MAXPATHLEN + 1];
-  assert(strlen(tmpdirname) == 4, "No longer using /tmp - update buffer size");
 
   // On Linux, if nspid != -1, look in /proc/{vmid}/root/tmp for directories
   // containing nspid, otherwise just look for vmid in /tmp.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp
index 269a8b39e6b..b08e71f559a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp
@@ -1703,6 +1703,7 @@ jint Arguments::parse_vm_init_args(GrowableArrayCHeap<VMInitArgsGroup, mtArgumen
   // needs to know about processor and memory resources must occur after
   // this point.
 
+  os::check_temp_directory();
   os::init_container_support();
 
   SystemMemoryBarrier::initialize();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.hpp
index b35f5e8bc4b..50e087dcc94 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.hpp
@@ -257,6 +257,7 @@ class os: AllStatic {
   static void initialize_initial_active_processor_count();
 
   LINUX_ONLY(static void pd_init_container_support();)
+  LINUX_ONLY(static void pd_check_temp_directory();)
 
  public:
   static void init(void);                      // Called before command line parsing
@@ -265,6 +266,11 @@ class os: AllStatic {
      LINUX_ONLY(pd_init_container_support();)
   }
 
+  static void check_temp_directory() {
+    // Only applicable on linux.
+    LINUX_ONLY(pd_check_temp_directory();)
+  }
+
   static void init_before_ergo(void);          // Called after command line parsing
                                                // before VM ergonomics processing.
   static jint init_2(void);                    // Called after command line parsing
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/man/java.md b/src/java.base/share/man/java.md
index a0717055864..7f4c10c5a95 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/man/java.md
+++ b/src/java.base/share/man/java.md
@@ -2270,6 +2270,23 @@ performed by the Java HotSpot VM.
 These `java` options provide the ability to gather system information and
 perform extensive debugging.
 
+[`-XX:AltTempDir=`]{#-XX_AltTempDir}*/path*
+:   **Linux-only:** On Linux, the usual directory to use for temporary files is `/tmp`. In some secure container
+    environments however, `/tmp` is made read-only and so is unusable by the VM for its temporary files. To accommodate
+    this uncommon circumstance the `-XX:AltTempDir` flag can be used to tell the VM to use a different temporary directory.
+
+    It is important to note that this setting controls not only where the VM places its own temporary files, but also the location
+    it will look for the special files used by other VMs as part of the attach protocol for tools like `jcmd` and `jstack`. That
+    means that both VMs must use the same setting of this flag. For example, if you start a target VM with
+    `java -XX:AltTempDir=/scratch/vmTmp` then you must run e.g. `jcmd -J-XX:AltTempDir=/scratch/vmTmp` to interact with that target VM.
+
+    The directory path must of course be writable and accessible to both the target and tool VM, so the simplest arrangement
+    is to always run both in the same container.
+
+    The value for `AltTempDir` must be an absolute directory path starting with `/`. The length of the `AltTempDir` path should be
+    fairly small (less than approximately 80 characters) if it is to be used with the attach protocol due to path length limits
+    for socket files.
+
 [`-XX:+DisableAttachMechanism`]{#-XX__DisableAttachMechanism}
 :   Disables the mechanism that lets tools attach to the JVM. By default, this
     option is disabled, meaning that the attach mechanism is enabled and you
diff --git a/src/jdk.attach/linux/classes/sun/tools/attach/VirtualMachineImpl.java b/src/jdk.attach/linux/classes/sun/tools/attach/VirtualMachineImpl.java
index 4a1cd3aba78..ae64c8609ae 100644
--- a/src/jdk.attach/linux/classes/sun/tools/attach/VirtualMachineImpl.java
+++ b/src/jdk.attach/linux/classes/sun/tools/attach/VirtualMachineImpl.java
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
 
 import sun.jvmstat.monitor.MonitoredHost;
 import sun.jvmstat.monitor.MonitorException;
+import sun.jvmstat.PlatformSupport;
 
 /*
  * Linux implementation of HotSpotVirtualMachine
@@ -55,12 +56,13 @@ public class VirtualMachineImpl extends HotSpotVirtualMachine {
     // .java_pid<pid>. and .attach_pid<pid>. It is important that this
     // location is the same for all processes, otherwise the tools
     // will not be able to find all Hotspot processes.
-    // Any changes to this needs to be synchronized with HotSpot.
-    private static final Path TMPDIR = Path.of("/tmp");
+    // This calls a Hotspot native method to get a consistent temporary
+    // directory.
+    private static final String vmTemp = PlatformSupport.getTemporaryDirectory();
+    private static final Path TMPDIR = Path.of(vmTemp);
 
     private static final Path PROC     = Path.of("/proc");
     private static final Path STATUS   = Path.of("status");
-    private static final Path ROOT_TMP = Path.of("root/tmp");
 
     String socket_path;
     private OperationProperties props = new OperationProperties(VERSION_1); // updated in ctor
@@ -86,6 +88,9 @@ public class VirtualMachineImpl extends HotSpotVirtualMachine {
         // Then we attempt to find the socket file again.
         final File socket_file = findSocketFile(pid, ns_pid);
         socket_path = socket_file.getPath();
+        if (!validateSocketFileLength(socket_file.getPath())) {
+            throw new AttachNotSupportedException("Socket file path too long: " + socket_path);
+        }
         if (!socket_file.exists()) {
             // Keep canonical version of File, to delete, in case target process ends and /proc link has gone:
             File f = createAttachFile(pid, ns_pid).getCanonicalFile();
@@ -255,7 +260,8 @@ private File createAttachFile(long pid, long ns_pid) throws AttachNotSupportedEx
     }
 
     private String findTargetProcessTmpDirectory(long pid) throws IOException {
-        final var tmpOnProcPidRoot = PROC.resolve(Long.toString(pid)).resolve(ROOT_TMP);
+        final var tmpOnProcPidRoot = PROC.resolve(Long.toString(pid)).resolve("root")
+                                         .resolve(vmTemp.startsWith("/") ? vmTemp.substring(1) : vmTemp);
 
         /* We need to handle at least 4 different cases:
          * 1. Caller and target processes share PID namespace and root
@@ -429,6 +435,8 @@ private static boolean checkCatchesAndSendQuitTo(int pid, boolean throwIfNotRead
 
     static native void write(int fd, byte buf[], int off, int bufLen) throws IOException;
 
+    static native boolean validateSocketFileLength(String socketPath);
+
     static {
         System.loadLibrary("attach");
     }
diff --git a/src/jdk.attach/linux/native/libattach/VirtualMachineImpl.c b/src/jdk.attach/linux/native/libattach/VirtualMachineImpl.c
index fc9af901835..df4fc54cc96 100644
--- a/src/jdk.attach/linux/native/libattach/VirtualMachineImpl.c
+++ b/src/jdk.attach/linux/native/libattach/VirtualMachineImpl.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -76,11 +76,15 @@ JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_sun_tools_attach_VirtualMachineImpl_connect
 
         memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
         addr.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
-        /* strncpy is safe because addr.sun_path was zero-initialized before. */
-        strncpy(addr.sun_path, p, sizeof(addr.sun_path) - 1);
+        if (strlen(p) >= sizeof(addr.sun_path)) {
+            JNU_ThrowIOException(env, "Socket file path too long");
+        } else {
+            /* strncpy is safe because addr.sun_path was zero-initialized before. */
+            strncpy(addr.sun_path, p, sizeof(addr.sun_path) - 1);
 
-        if (connect(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr)) == -1) {
-            err = errno;
+            if (connect(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr)) == -1) {
+                err = errno;
+            }
         }
 
         if (isCopy) {
@@ -256,3 +260,30 @@ JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_sun_tools_attach_VirtualMachineImpl_write
 
     } while (remaining > 0);
 }
+
+/*
+ * Class:     sun_tools_attach_VirtualMachineImpl
+ * Method:    validateSocketFileLength
+ * Signature: (Ljava/lang/String;)Z
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL Java_sun_tools_attach_VirtualMachineImpl_validateSocketFileLength
+  (JNIEnv *env, jclass cls, jstring path)
+{
+    jboolean isCopy;
+    const char* p = GetStringPlatformChars(env, path, &isCopy);
+    if (p == NULL) {
+        JNU_ThrowIOException(env, "Socket file path is null");
+        return JNI_FALSE;
+    }
+
+    size_t pathLength = strlen(p);
+
+    if (isCopy) {
+        JNU_ReleaseStringPlatformChars(env, path, p);
+    }
+
+    struct sockaddr_un addr;
+    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+    addr.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
+    return pathLength < sizeof(addr.sun_path);
+}
diff --git a/src/jdk.internal.jvmstat/linux/classes/sun/jvmstat/PlatformSupportImpl.java b/src/jdk.internal.jvmstat/linux/classes/sun/jvmstat/PlatformSupportImpl.java
index d2c0fa29877..c0733e65a74 100644
--- a/src/jdk.internal.jvmstat/linux/classes/sun/jvmstat/PlatformSupportImpl.java
+++ b/src/jdk.internal.jvmstat/linux/classes/sun/jvmstat/PlatformSupportImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ private boolean tempDirectoryEquals(Path p) {
      * It is important that this directory is well-known and the
      * same for all VM instances. It cannot be affected by configuration
      * variables such as java.io.tmpdir.
+     * It can be affected by VM option -XX:AltTempDir, however.
      *
      * Implementation Details:
      *
@@ -170,8 +171,8 @@ public boolean accept(File dir, String name) {
 
 
     /*
-     * Extract either the host PID or the NameSpace PID
-     * from a file path.
+     * Extract the VM ID (pid) from a file path,
+     * specifically the host pid for a container process.
      *
      * File path should be in 1 of these 2 forms:
      *
@@ -179,6 +180,8 @@ public boolean accept(File dir, String name) {
      *              or
      * /tmp/hsperfdata_{user}/{pid}
      *
+     * (where /tmp may be substituted due to -XX:AltTempDir)
+     *
      * In either case we want to return {pid} and NOT {nspid}
      *
      * This function filters out host pids which do not have
@@ -189,24 +192,38 @@ public boolean accept(File dir, String name) {
      */
     public int getLocalVmId(File file) throws NumberFormatException {
         String p = file.getAbsolutePath();
-        String s[] = p.split("\\/");
-
-        // Determine if this file is from a container
-        if (s.length == 7 && s[1].equals("proc")) {
-            int hostpid = Integer.parseInt(s[2]);
-            int nspid = Integer.parseInt(s[6]);
-            if (nspid == hostpid || nspid == getNamespaceVmId(hostpid)) {
-                return hostpid;
-            }
-            else {
-                return -1;
-            }
+        String procParts[] = p.split("\\/"); // "/proc/hostpid/root/<tempDir>/hsperfdata_user/nsid"
+
+        int hostpid = -1;
+        int nspid = -1;
+
+        // ["", "proc", "hostpid", "root", "tmpdir" .. "tmpdir", "hsperfdata_user", "nsid"]
+        if (procParts.length > 4 && procParts[1].equals("proc") && procParts[3].equals("root")) {
+            hostpid = Integer.parseInt(procParts[2]);
         }
-        else {
-            return Integer.parseInt(file.getName());
+
+        // Some invalid path.
+        if (procParts.length < 2) {
+            return -1;
         }
-    }
 
+        // Path at the end after tmp dir is: "hsperfdata_username/PID"
+        int end = procParts.length - 1;
+        if (!procParts[end-1].startsWith("hsperfdata_")) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+        if (hostpid == -1) {
+            hostpid = Integer.parseInt(procParts[end]);
+        } else {
+            nspid = Integer.parseInt(procParts[end]);
+        }
+        if (nspid == -1) {
+            return hostpid;
+        } else {
+            // We have both pids.
+            return nspid == getNamespaceVmId(hostpid) ? hostpid : -1;
+        }
+    }
 
     /*
      * Return the inner most namespaced PID if there is one,
diff --git a/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jcmd.md b/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jcmd.md
index 23dfa67d864..97e7385138b 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jcmd.md
+++ b/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jcmd.md
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-# Copyright (c) 2012, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -77,8 +77,12 @@ jcmd - send diagnostic command requests to a running Java Virtual Machine
 
 The `jcmd` utility is used to send diagnostic command requests to the JVM. It
 must be used on the same machine on which the JVM is running, and have the same
-effective user and group identifiers that were used to launch the JVM. Each
-diagnostic command has its own set of options and arguments. To display the description,
+effective user and group identifiers that were used to launch the JVM. Both must
+use the same temporary file location for communication; this is true by default
+but also see the [`-XX:AltTempDir`](./java.html#-XX_AltTempDir) option that can be
+set for the JVM.
+
+Each diagnostic command has its own set of options and arguments. To display the description,
 syntax, and a list of available options and arguments for a diagnostic command, use the
 name of the command as the argument. For example:
 
diff --git a/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jinfo.md b/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jinfo.md
index 8365c5af8a5..cc582aa9d5c 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jinfo.md
+++ b/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jinfo.md
@@ -59,6 +59,10 @@ environment variable should contain the location of the `jvm.dll` that's used
 by the target process or the location from which the core dump file was
 produced.
 
+If the target JVM is started with an alternate temporary file location, `jinfo` must
+use the same temporary file location for communication; this is true by default
+but see the [`-XX:AltTempDir`](./java.html#-XX_AltTempDir) option.
+
 ## Options for the jinfo Command
 
 **Note:**
diff --git a/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jmap.md b/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jmap.md
index dd0be1b24ef..2fe766c25b5 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jmap.md
+++ b/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jmap.md
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-# Copyright (c) 2004, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -60,6 +60,11 @@ Debugging Tools for Windows must be installed to make these tools work. The
 that's used by the target process or the location from which the core dump file
 was produced.
 
+If the target JVM is started with an alternate temporary file location, `jmap` must
+use the same temporary file location for communication; this is true by default
+but see the [`-XX:AltTempDir`](./java.html#-XX_AltTempDir) option.
+
+
 ## Options for the jmap Command
 
 [`-clstats`]{#option-clstats} *pid*
diff --git a/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jps.md b/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jps.md
index 2db93878801..cdd5e8e8b9d 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jps.md
+++ b/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jps.md
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-# Copyright (c) 2004, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -99,6 +99,9 @@ permissions granted to the principal running the command. The command lists
 only the JVMs for which the principal has access rights as determined by
 operating system-specific access control mechanisms.
 
+The list of JVMs is also limited to those that use the same temporary file location as the `jps`
+command.  That is normally the case but see the [`-XX:AltTempDir`](./java.html#-XX_AltTempDir) option.
+
 ## Host Identifier
 
 The host identifier, or `hostid`, is a string that indicates the target system.
diff --git a/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jstack.md b/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jstack.md
index 2e95abf36c4..b2cf02c6eb5 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jstack.md
+++ b/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jstack.md
@@ -63,6 +63,11 @@ Debugging Tools for Windows must be installed so that these tools work. The
 is used by the target process, or the location from which the core dump file
 was produced.
 
+If the target JVM is started with an alternate temporary file location, `jstack` must
+use the same temporary file location for communication; this is true by default
+but see the [`-XX:AltTempDir`](./java.html#-XX_AltTempDir) option.
+
+
 ## Options for the jstack Command
 
 `-l`
diff --git a/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jstat.md b/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jstat.md
index 624b675de76..4b686f73810 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jstat.md
+++ b/src/jdk.jcmd/share/man/jstat.md
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-# Copyright (c) 2004, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -85,6 +85,11 @@ statistical output.
 All options and their functionality are subject to change or removal in future
 releases.
 
+If the target JVM is started with an alternate temporary file location, `jstat` must
+use the same temporary file location for communication; this is true by default
+but see the [`-XX:AltTempDir`](./java.html#-XX_AltTempDir) option.
+
+
 ## General Options
 
 If you specify one of the general options, then you can't specify any other
diff --git a/test/jdk/com/sun/tools/attach/JvmTempDirTest.java b/test/jdk/com/sun/tools/attach/JvmTempDirTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6729de149a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/com/sun/tools/attach/JvmTempDirTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import com.sun.tools.attach.*;
+
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.Properties;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.io.File;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.thread.ProcessThread;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8384557
+ * @summary Test to make sure attach and jvmstat work correctly when -XX:AltTempDir is set.
+ *
+ * @requires os.family == "linux"
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules jdk.attach
+ *          jdk.jartool/sun.tools.jar
+ *
+ * @run build Application RunnerUtil
+ * @run main/timeout=200 JvmTempDirTest
+ */
+
+/*
+ * This test is similar to TempDirTest.java. The property java.io.tmpdir does not affect how
+ * jdk.attach works, but -XX:AltTempDir does.
+ *
+ * This test runs with an extra long timeout since it takes a really long time with -Xcomp
+ * when starting many processes.
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.util.FileUtils;
+
+public class JvmTempDirTest {
+
+    private static long startTime;
+
+    public static void main(String args[]) throws Throwable {
+
+        startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
+
+        Path clientTmpDir = Files.createTempDirectory(Path.of("/tmp"), "c");
+        Path targetTmpDir = Files.createTempDirectory(Path.of("/tmp"), "t");
+
+        try {
+            // Run the test with all possible combinations of setting AltTempDir.
+            // Different setting will cause the attach mechanism to fail.
+            String notFound = "not found in VM list";
+            runExperiment(null, null, true, null);
+            runExperiment(targetTmpDir, targetTmpDir, true, null);
+            runExperiment(clientTmpDir, clientTmpDir, true, null);
+
+            runExperiment(clientTmpDir, null, false, notFound);
+            runExperiment(clientTmpDir, targetTmpDir, false, notFound);
+            runExperiment(null, targetTmpDir, false, notFound);
+        } finally {
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(clientTmpDir);
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(targetTmpDir);
+        }
+
+        String name = String.valueOf('a').repeat(200);
+        Path veryLongDir = Files.createTempDirectory(Path.of("/tmp"), name);
+        try {
+            runExperiment(veryLongDir, veryLongDir, false, "Socket file path too long");
+        } finally {
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(veryLongDir);
+        }
+
+        // Test a directory with only proc in one part of the name.
+        Path procTempDir = Files.createTempDirectory(Path.of("/tmp"), "proc");
+        Path procDir = Files.createDirectory(procTempDir.resolve("proc"));
+        try {
+            runExperiment(procDir, procDir, true, null);
+        } finally {
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(procDir);
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(procTempDir);
+        }
+
+        Path hsperfDir = Files.createTempDirectory(Path.of("/tmp"), "hsperfdata_");
+        try {
+            runExperiment(hsperfDir, hsperfDir, true, null);
+        } finally {
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(hsperfDir);
+        }
+
+        // Create /tmp/tmp<tempdir>, and try to use /tmp/tmp<tempdir>/noexist
+        Path tmpDir = Files.createTempDirectory(Path.of("/tmp"), "tmp");
+        try {
+            Path noExist = tmpDir.resolve("noexist");
+            runNoExistTest(noExist);
+        } finally {
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(tmpDir);
+        }
+
+        Path relativeDir = Files.createTempDirectory(Path.of("."), "a");
+        try {
+            runRelativeTest(relativeDir);
+        } finally {
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(relativeDir);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * The actual test is in the nested class TestMain.
+     * The responsibility of this class is to:
+     * 1. Start the Application class in a separate process.
+     * 2. Find the pid and shutdown port of the running Application.
+     * 3. Launch the tests in nested class TestMain that will attach to the Application.
+     * 4. Shut down the Application.
+     */
+    public static void runExperiment(Path clientTmpDir, Path targetTmpDir, boolean shouldPass, String message) throws Throwable {
+
+        System.out.print("### Running tests with overridden tmpdir for");
+        System.out.print(" client: " + (clientTmpDir == null ? "no" : "yes"));
+        System.out.print(" target: " + (targetTmpDir == null ? "no" : "yes"));
+        System.out.println(" ###");
+
+        long elapsedTime = (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) / 1000;
+        System.out.println("Started after " + elapsedTime + "s");
+
+        ProcessThread processThread = null;
+        try {
+            String[] tmpDirArg = null;
+            if (targetTmpDir != null) {
+                tmpDirArg = new String[] {"-XX:AltTempDir=" + targetTmpDir};
+            }
+            processThread = RunnerUtil.startApplication(tmpDirArg);
+            launchTests(processThread.getPid(), clientTmpDir, shouldPass, message);
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            System.out.println("JvmTempDirTest got unexpected exception: " + t);
+            t.printStackTrace();
+            throw t;
+        } finally {
+            // Make sure the Application process is stopped.
+            RunnerUtil.stopApplication(processThread);
+        }
+
+        elapsedTime = (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) / 1000;
+        System.out.println("Completed after " + elapsedTime + "s");
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Runs the actual tests in nested class TestMain.
+     * The reason for running the tests in a separate process
+     * is that we need to modify the class path and
+     * the -XX:AltTempDir argument.
+     */
+    private static void launchTests(long pid, Path clientTmpDir, boolean shouldPass, String message) throws Throwable {
+
+        String classpath =
+            System.getProperty("test.class.path", "");
+
+        String[] tmpDirArg = null;
+        if (clientTmpDir != null) {
+            tmpDirArg = new String [] {"-XX:AltTempDir=" + clientTmpDir};
+        }
+
+        // Arguments : [-XX:AltTempDir=] -classpath cp JvmTempDirTest$TestMain pid
+        String[] args = RunnerUtil.concat(
+                tmpDirArg,
+                new String[] {
+                    "-classpath",
+                    classpath,
+                    "JvmTempDirTest$TestMain",
+                    Long.toString(pid) });
+        OutputAnalyzer output = ProcessTools.executeTestJava(args);
+        if (shouldPass) {
+            output.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+        } else {
+            output.shouldContain(message);
+            output.shouldNotHaveExitValue(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This is the actual test. It will attach to the running Application
+     * and perform a number of basic attach tests.
+     */
+    public static class TestMain {
+        public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
+            String pid = args[0];
+
+            // Test 1 - list method should list the target VM
+            System.out.println(" - Test: VirtualMachine.list");
+            List<VirtualMachineDescriptor> l = VirtualMachine.list();
+            boolean found = false;
+            for (VirtualMachineDescriptor vmd: l) {
+                if (vmd.id().equals(pid)) {
+                    found = true;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            if (found) {
+                System.out.println(" - " + pid + " found.");
+            } else {
+                throw new RuntimeException(pid + " not found in VM list");
+            }
+
+            // Test 2 - try to attach and verify connection
+
+            System.out.println(" - Attaching to application ...");
+            VirtualMachine vm = VirtualMachine.attach(pid);
+
+            System.out.println(" - Test: system properties in target VM");
+            Properties props = vm.getSystemProperties();
+            String value = props.getProperty("attach.test");
+            if (value == null || !value.equals("true")) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("attach.test property not set");
+            }
+            System.out.println(" - attach.test property set as expected");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void runNoExistTest(Path tmpDir) throws Throwable {
+        // Arguments : [-XX:AltTempDir=] -version
+        String[] args = new String[] { "-XX:AltTempDir=" + tmpDir, "-version" };
+        OutputAnalyzer output = ProcessTools.executeTestJava(args);
+        output.shouldMatch("\\[warning\\]\\[os *\\] Warning: AltTempDir is not an existing or writable directory");
+        // Still passes, it's just a warning.
+        output.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+    }
+
+    private static void runRelativeTest(Path tmpDir) throws Throwable {
+        // Arguments : [-XX:AltTempDir=] -version
+        String[] args = new String[] { "-XX:AltTempDir=" + tmpDir, "-version" };
+        OutputAnalyzer output = ProcessTools.executeTestJava(args);
+        output.shouldMatch("\\[warning\\]\\[os *\\] Warning: AltTempDir is ignored because it must be an absolute pathname");
+        // Still passes, it's just a warning.
+        output.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/com/sun/tools/attach/TempDirTest.java b/test/jdk/com/sun/tools/attach/TempDirTest.java
index e0552d15fce..14b65207da9 100644
--- a/test/jdk/com/sun/tools/attach/TempDirTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/com/sun/tools/attach/TempDirTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -64,7 +64,9 @@ public static void main(String args[]) throws Throwable {
         Path targetTmpDir = Files.createTempDirectory("TempDirTest-target");
         targetTmpDir.toFile().deleteOnExit();
 
-        // run the test with all possible combinations of setting java.io.tmpdir
+        // Run the test with all possible combinations of setting java.io.tmpdir.
+        // Note that the attach mechanism doesn't really use java.io.tmpdir, but this test verifies
+        // that different java.io.tmpdir settings for client and target don't break the attach mechanism.
         runExperiment(null, null);
         runExperiment(clientTmpDir, null);
         runExperiment(clientTmpDir, targetTmpDir);
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/tools/jps/TestJpsTempDir.java b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jps/TestJpsTempDir.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b54fedad2b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/tools/jps/TestJpsTempDir.java
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8384557
+ * @summary Test to make sure jps works correctly when -XX:AltTempDir is set.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires os.family == "linux"
+ * @modules jdk.jartool/sun.tools.jar
+ * @build jdk.test.lib.apps.LingeredApp
+ * @run main/othervm TestJpsTempDir
+ */
+
+// Test that jps finds hsperfdata file in -XX:AltTempDir.
+
+import jdk.test.lib.apps.LingeredApp;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.util.FileUtils;
+
+public class TestJpsTempDir {
+
+    public static void main(java.lang.String[] unused) throws Exception {
+        Path clientTmpDir = Files.createTempDirectory(Path.of("/tmp"), "c");
+        String tmpdirString = "-XX:AltTempDir=" + clientTmpDir.toString();
+
+        LingeredAppForJps app = new LingeredAppForJps();
+
+        try {
+            // Start LingeredApp with AltTempDir
+            List<String> vmArgs = new ArrayList<>(List.of(JpsHelper.getVmArgs()));
+            vmArgs.add(tmpdirString);
+            LingeredApp.startApp(app, vmArgs.toArray(String[]::new));
+
+            // Pass to jps (adds -J)
+            List<String> jpsArgs = new ArrayList<>();
+            jpsArgs.add(tmpdirString);
+
+            OutputAnalyzer output = JpsHelper.jps(jpsArgs, null);
+            output.shouldContain(app.getProcessName());
+            output.shouldContain(Long.toString(app.getPid()));
+            output.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+        } finally {
+            LingeredApp.stopApp(app);
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(clientTmpDir);
+        }
+    }
+}

From c6a068a5ee0fcd6719b85103ead1e3fee2b8b42b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Naoto Sato <naoto@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2026 16:15:12 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 238/707] 8388183: Wrong example in documentation for
 String.toLowerCase()

Reviewed-by: jlu, iris
---
 src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/String.java | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/String.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/String.java
index 9f56ceb445a..e3d120c23f6 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/String.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/String.java
@@ -4054,7 +4054,7 @@ public static String join(CharSequence delimiter,
      *   <td>(all)</td>
      *   <th scope="row" style="font-weight:normal; text-align:left">
      *       &Iota;&Chi;&Theta;&Upsilon;&Sigma;</th>
-     *   <td>&iota;&chi;&theta;&upsilon;&sigma;</td>
+     *   <td>&iota;&chi;&theta;&upsilon;&sigmaf;</td>
      *   <td>lowercased all chars in String</td>
      * </tr>
      * </tbody>

From 96737cf5104d3ffc9a4c96e66e132d4b16a79c31 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Justin Lu <jlu@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2026 16:18:00 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 239/707] 8387261: Locale.LanguageRange weight validation
 issues

Reviewed-by: naoto
---
 .../share/classes/java/util/Locale.java       | 28 +++++++++++--------
 .../sun/util/locale/LocaleMatcher.java        | 17 +++++------
 .../java/util/Locale/LocaleMatchingTest.java  |  4 ++-
 3 files changed, 28 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Locale.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Locale.java
index f727d301954..9cb1521ac62 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Locale.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Locale.java
@@ -3214,18 +3214,20 @@ public LanguageRange(String range) {
          *
          * @param range  a language range
          * @param weight a weight value between {@code MIN_WEIGHT} and
-         *     {@code MAX_WEIGHT}
+         *     {@code MAX_WEIGHT}, inclusive
          * @throws NullPointerException if the given {@code range} is
          *     {@code null}
          * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the given {@code range} does not
-         * comply with the syntax of the language range mentioned in RFC 4647
-         * or if the given {@code weight} is less than {@code MIN_WEIGHT}
-         * or greater than {@code MAX_WEIGHT}
+         * comply with the syntax of the language range mentioned in RFC 4647,
+         * or if the given {@code weight} is {@code Double.NaN}, less than {@code
+         * MIN_WEIGHT} or greater than {@code MAX_WEIGHT}
          */
         public LanguageRange(String range, double weight) {
             Objects.requireNonNull(range);
-            if (weight < MIN_WEIGHT || weight > MAX_WEIGHT) {
-                throw new IllegalArgumentException("weight=" + weight);
+            if (weight < MIN_WEIGHT || weight > MAX_WEIGHT || Double.isNaN(weight)) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                        "The weight " + weight + " must be between "
+                        + MIN_WEIGHT + " and " + MAX_WEIGHT + ", inclusive.");
             }
 
             range = range.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
@@ -3311,9 +3313,9 @@ public double getWeight() {
          * </pre>
          *
          * In a weighted list, each language range is given a weight value.
-         * The weight value is identical to the "quality value" in
+         * The weight value has the same numeric bounds as the "quality value"
          * <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2616">RFC 2616</a>, and it
-         * expresses how much the user prefers  the language. A weight value is
+         * expresses how much the user prefers the language. A weight value is
          * specified after a corresponding language range followed by
          * {@code ";q="}, and the default weight value is {@code MAX_WEIGHT}
          * when it is omitted.
@@ -3356,8 +3358,9 @@ public double getWeight() {
          *     included in the given {@code ranges} and their equivalent
          *     language ranges if available. The list is modifiable.
          * @throws NullPointerException if {@code ranges} is null
-         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if a language range or a weight
-         *     found in the given {@code ranges} is ill-formed
+         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if, in the given {@code ranges}, a
+         *     language range is ill-formed, or a weight is out of range after
+         *     string to double conversion by {@link Double#parseDouble(String)}
          * @spec https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2616 RFC 2616: Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1
          */
         public static List<LanguageRange> parse(String ranges) {
@@ -3378,8 +3381,9 @@ public static List<LanguageRange> parse(String ranges) {
          * @return a Language Priority List with customization. The list is
          *     modifiable.
          * @throws NullPointerException if {@code ranges} is null
-         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if a language range or a weight
-         *     found in the given {@code ranges} is ill-formed
+         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if, in the given {@code ranges}, a
+         *     language range is ill-formed, or a weight is out of range after
+         *     string to double conversion by {@link Double#parseDouble(String)}
          * @spec https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2616 RFC 2616: Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1
          * @see #parse(String)
          * @see #mapEquivalents(List, Map)
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/LocaleMatcher.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/LocaleMatcher.java
index bc5115e1ff1..5385a5598b6 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/LocaleMatcher.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/LocaleMatcher.java
@@ -467,17 +467,18 @@ public static List<LanguageRange> parse(String ranges) {
                 try {
                     w = Double.parseDouble(range.substring(index));
                 }
-                catch (Exception e) {
-                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("weight=\""
+                catch (NumberFormatException _) {
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("The weight \""
                                   + range.substring(index)
-                                  + "\" for language range \"" + r + "\"");
+                                  + "\" for language range \"" + r + "\""
+                                  + " must be between " + MIN_WEIGHT
+                                  + " and " + MAX_WEIGHT + ", inclusive.");
                 }
-
                 if (w < MIN_WEIGHT || w > MAX_WEIGHT) {
-                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("weight=" + w
-                                  + " for language range \"" + r
-                                  + "\". It must be between " + MIN_WEIGHT
-                                  + " and " + MAX_WEIGHT + ".");
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("The weight \"" + w
+                                  + "\" for language range \"" + r + "\""
+                                  + " must be between " + MIN_WEIGHT
+                                  + " and " + MAX_WEIGHT + ", inclusive.");
                 }
             }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Locale/LocaleMatchingTest.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Locale/LocaleMatchingTest.java
index c5d8a00d458..806229ca8eb 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Locale/LocaleMatchingTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Locale/LocaleMatchingTest.java
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 7069824 8042360 8032842 8175539 8210443 8242010 8276302 8381644
+ * @bug 7069824 8042360 8032842 8175539 8210443 8242010 8276302 8381644 8387261
  * @summary Verify implementation for Locale matching.
  * @run junit/othervm LocaleMatchingTest
  */
@@ -93,6 +93,7 @@ static Object[][] LRConstructorIAEData() {
                 {"1996-de-Latn", MAX_WEIGHT},
                 // Testcase for 8042360
                 {"en-Latn-1234567890", MAX_WEIGHT},
+                {"en", Double.NaN},
         };
     }
 
@@ -146,6 +147,7 @@ static Object[][] LRParseIAEData() {
                 // Ranges
                 {""},
                 {"ja;q=3"},
+                {"en;q=NaN"}
         };
     }
 

From 41a188f1d128298cb155c40681395df83916c469 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2026 16:39:12 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 240/707] 8387463: Shenandoah: Use direct oop_oop_iterate
 methods for known types in marking loops

Reviewed-by: wkemper, xpeng, kdnilsen
---
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.cpp    | 16 +++-
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.hpp    | 10 +--
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.inline.hpp   | 80 ++++++++++++-------
 src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceRefKlass.hpp   | 10 +++
 4 files changed, 80 insertions(+), 36 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.cpp
index fc508dddd84..9354ef25f3d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.cpp
@@ -73,11 +73,19 @@ void ShenandoahMark::mark_loop_prework(uint w, TaskTerminator *t, StringDedup::R
   if (update_refs) {
     using Closure = ShenandoahMarkUpdateRefsClosure<GENERATION>;
     Closure cl(q, rp, old_q);
-    mark_loop_work<Closure, GENERATION, CANCELLABLE, STRING_DEDUP>(&cl, ld, w, t, req);
+    if (UseCompressedOops) {
+      mark_loop_work<Closure, narrowOop, GENERATION, CANCELLABLE, STRING_DEDUP>(&cl, ld, w, t, req);
+    } else {
+      mark_loop_work<Closure, oop, GENERATION, CANCELLABLE, STRING_DEDUP>(&cl, ld, w, t, req);
+    }
   } else {
     using Closure = ShenandoahMarkRefsClosure<GENERATION>;
     Closure cl(q, rp, old_q);
-    mark_loop_work<Closure, GENERATION, CANCELLABLE, STRING_DEDUP>(&cl, ld, w, t, req);
+    if (UseCompressedOops) {
+      mark_loop_work<Closure, narrowOop, GENERATION, CANCELLABLE, STRING_DEDUP>(&cl, ld, w, t, req);
+    } else {
+      mark_loop_work<Closure, oop, GENERATION, CANCELLABLE, STRING_DEDUP>(&cl, ld, w, t, req);
+    }
   }
 
   heap->flush_liveness_cache(w);
@@ -154,7 +162,7 @@ void ShenandoahMark::mark_drain_extra_queues(ShenandoahObjToScanQueueSet* queues
   }
 }
 
-template <class T, ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION, bool CANCELLABLE, bool STRING_DEDUP>
+template <class T, class OT, ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION, bool CANCELLABLE, bool STRING_DEDUP>
 void ShenandoahMark::mark_loop_work(T* cl, ShenandoahLiveData* live_data, uint worker_id, TaskTerminator *terminator, StringDedup::Requests* const req) {
   uintx stride = ShenandoahMarkLoopStride;
 
@@ -182,7 +190,7 @@ void ShenandoahMark::mark_loop_work(T* cl, ShenandoahLiveData* live_data, uint w
     for (uint i = 0; i < stride; i++) {
       if (q->pop(t) ||
           queues->steal(worker_id, t)) {
-        do_task<T, GENERATION, STRING_DEDUP>(q, cl, live_data, req, &t, worker_id);
+        do_task<T, OT, GENERATION, STRING_DEDUP>(q, cl, live_data, req, &t, worker_id);
         work++;
       } else {
         break;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.hpp
index 69d792d0277..a2c363b2129 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.hpp
@@ -72,17 +72,17 @@ class ShenandoahMark: public StackObj {
 private:
 // ---------- Marking loop and tasks
 
-  template <class T, ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION, bool STRING_DEDUP>
+  template <class T, class OT, ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION, bool STRING_DEDUP>
   ALWAYSINLINE
   static void do_task(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, ShenandoahLiveData* live_data, StringDedup::Requests* const req, ShenandoahMarkTask* task, uint worker_id);
 
-  template <class T>
+  template <class T, class OT>
   ALWAYSINLINE
   static void do_chunked_array_start(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, oop array, Klass* klass, bool weak);
 
-  template <class T>
+  template <class T, class OT>
   ALWAYSINLINE
-  static void do_chunked_array(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, oop array, int chunk, int pow, bool weak);
+  static void do_chunked_array(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, oop array, Klass* klass, int chunk, int pow, bool weak);
 
   template <ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION>
   ALWAYSINLINE
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ class ShenandoahMark: public StackObj {
   template <ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION, bool CANCELLABLE, bool STRING_DEDUP>
   void mark_loop_prework(uint worker_id, TaskTerminator *terminator, StringDedup::Requests* const req, bool update_refs);
 
-  template <class T, ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION, bool CANCELLABLE, bool STRING_DEDUP>
+  template <class T, class OT, ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION, bool CANCELLABLE, bool STRING_DEDUP>
   NOINLINE // Main hot loop, start inlining from here
   void mark_loop_work(T* cl, ShenandoahLiveData* live_data, uint worker_id, TaskTerminator *t, StringDedup::Requests* const req);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.inline.hpp
index 8a7ce7ea831..45cec71935b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.inline.hpp
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
 #include "utilities/devirtualizer.inline.hpp"
 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
 
-template <class T, ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION, bool STRING_DEDUP>
+template <class T, class OT, ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION, bool STRING_DEDUP>
 void ShenandoahMark::do_task(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, ShenandoahLiveData* live_data, StringDedup::Requests* const req, ShenandoahMarkTask* task, uint worker_id) {
   oop obj = task->obj();
 
@@ -55,32 +55,58 @@ void ShenandoahMark::do_task(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, ShenandoahLiveD
   shenandoah_assert_marked(nullptr, obj);
   shenandoah_assert_not_in_cset_except(nullptr, obj, ShenandoahHeap::heap()->cancelled_gc());
 
+  Klass* klass = obj->klass();
+
   // Are we in weak subgraph scan?
   bool weak = task->is_weak();
   cl->set_weak(weak);
 
   if (task->is_not_chunked()) {
-    Klass* klass = obj->klass();
-    if (klass->is_instance_klass()) {
-      // Case 1: Normal oop, process as usual.
-      if (STRING_DEDUP && (klass == vmClasses::String_klass())) {
-        dedup_string(obj, req);
+    // Dispatch based on object type. The case order does not seem to affect performance,
+    // so it matches the enum order for consistency.
+    switch (klass->kind()) {
+      case Klass::InstanceKlassKind: {
+        // Regular instance.
+        if (STRING_DEDUP && (klass == vmClasses::String_klass())) {
+          dedup_string(obj, req);
+        }
+        InstanceKlass::cast(klass)->oop_oop_iterate<OT>(obj, cl);
+        break;
+      }
+      case Klass::InstanceRefKlassKind: {
+        // (Weak) reference instance.
+        InstanceRefKlass::cast(klass)->oop_oop_iterate<OT>(obj, cl);
+        break;
       }
-      if (klass->is_stack_chunk_instance_klass()) {
-        // Loom doesn't support mixing of weak marking and strong marking of stack chunks.
+      case Klass::InstanceMirrorKlassKind:
+      case Klass::InstanceClassLoaderKlassKind: {
+        // Remaining rare classes, dispatch generically.
+        obj->oop_iterate(cl);
+        break;
+      }
+      case Klass::InstanceStackChunkKlassKind: {
+        // Stack chunk. Loom doesn't support mixing of weak marking and strong marking
+        // of stack chunks, upgrade to strong right away.
         cl->set_weak(false);
+        InstanceStackChunkKlass::cast(klass)->oop_oop_iterate<OT>(obj, cl);
+        break;
+      }
+      case Klass::TypeArrayKlassKind: {
+        // Primitive array. Do nothing, no oops there. We use the same
+        // performance tweak TypeArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate_impl is using:
+        // We skip iterating over the klass pointer since we know that
+        // Universe::TypeArrayKlass never moves.
+        break;
+      }
+      case Klass::ObjArrayKlassKind: {
+        // Object array and no chunk is set. Must be the first
+        // time we visit it, start the chunked processing.
+        do_chunked_array_start<T, OT>(q, cl, obj, klass, weak);
+        break;
+      }
+      default: {
+        fatal("Unknown klass kind: %d", klass->kind());
       }
-      obj->oop_iterate(cl);
-    } else if (klass->is_objArray_klass()) {
-      // Case 2: Object array instance and no chunk is set. Must be the first
-      // time we visit it, start the chunked processing.
-      do_chunked_array_start<T>(q, cl, obj, klass, weak);
-    } else {
-      // Case 3: Primitive array. Do nothing, no oops there. We use the same
-      // performance tweak TypeArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate_impl is using:
-      // We skip iterating over the klass pointer since we know that
-      // Universe::TypeArrayKlass never moves.
-      assert(klass->is_typeArray_klass(), "should be type array");
     }
     // Count liveness the last: push the outstanding work to the queues first
     // Avoid double-counting objects that are visited twice due to upgrade
@@ -89,8 +115,8 @@ void ShenandoahMark::do_task(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, ShenandoahLiveD
       count_liveness<GENERATION>(live_data, obj, klass, worker_id);
     }
   } else {
-    // Case 4: Array chunk, has sensible chunk id. Process it.
-    do_chunked_array<T>(q, cl, obj, task->chunk(), task->pow(), weak);
+    // Object array chunk. Process it.
+    do_chunked_array<T, OT>(q, cl, obj, klass, task->chunk(), task->pow(), weak);
   }
 }
 
@@ -154,7 +180,7 @@ void ShenandoahMark::count_liveness(ShenandoahLiveData* live_data, oop obj, Klas
   }
 }
 
-template <class T>
+template <class T, class OT>
 void ShenandoahMark::do_chunked_array_start(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, oop obj, Klass* klass, bool weak) {
   assert(obj->is_objArray(), "expect object array");
   objArrayOop array = objArrayOop(obj);
@@ -167,7 +193,7 @@ void ShenandoahMark::do_chunked_array_start(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl,
 
   if (len <= (int) ObjArrayMarkingStride*2) {
     // A few slices only, process directly
-    array->oop_iterate_elements_range(cl, 0, len);
+    ObjArrayKlass::cast(klass)->oop_oop_iterate_elements_range<OT>(array, cl, 0, len);
   } else {
     int bits = log2i_graceful(len);
     // Compensate for non-power-of-two arrays, cover the array in excess:
@@ -216,13 +242,13 @@ void ShenandoahMark::do_chunked_array_start(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl,
     // Process the irregular tail, if present
     int from = last_idx;
     if (from < len) {
-      array->oop_iterate_elements_range(cl, from, len);
+      ObjArrayKlass::cast(klass)->oop_oop_iterate_elements_range<OT>(array, cl, from, len);
     }
   }
 }
 
-template <class T>
-void ShenandoahMark::do_chunked_array(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, oop obj, int chunk, int pow, bool weak) {
+template <class T, class OT>
+void ShenandoahMark::do_chunked_array(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, oop obj, Klass* klass, int chunk, int pow, bool weak) {
   assert(obj->is_objArray(), "expect object array");
   objArrayOop array = objArrayOop(obj);
 
@@ -246,7 +272,7 @@ void ShenandoahMark::do_chunked_array(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, oop ob
   assert (0 < to && to <= len, "to is sane: %d/%d", to, len);
 #endif
 
-  array->oop_iterate_elements_range(cl, from, to);
+  ObjArrayKlass::cast(klass)->oop_oop_iterate_elements_range<OT>(array, cl, from, to);
 }
 
 template <ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION>
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceRefKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceRefKlass.hpp
index fc219d06739..de7ec6fce9a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceRefKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceRefKlass.hpp
@@ -58,6 +58,16 @@ class InstanceRefKlass: public InstanceKlass {
  public:
   InstanceRefKlass();
 
+  static InstanceRefKlass* cast(Klass* k) {
+    return const_cast<InstanceRefKlass*>(cast(const_cast<const Klass*>(k)));
+  }
+
+  static const InstanceRefKlass* cast(const Klass* k) {
+    assert(k != nullptr, "k should not be null");
+    assert(k->is_reference_instance_klass(), "cast to InstanceRefKlass");
+    return static_cast<const InstanceRefKlass*>(k);
+  }
+
   // Oop fields (and metadata) iterators
   //
   // The InstanceRefKlass iterators also support reference processing.

From c4a8cb23496cc6851ca71de2e2b15ec09f5cb742 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Chris Plummer <cjplummer@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2026 17:46:57 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 241/707] 8387640:
 vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/EventRequestManager/threadStartRequests/thrstartreq001/TestDescription.java
 fails intermittently

Reviewed-by: sspitsyn, lmesnik
---
 .../threadStartRequests/thrstartreq001.java      | 16 ++++++++++------
 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/EventRequestManager/threadStartRequests/thrstartreq001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/EventRequestManager/threadStartRequests/thrstartreq001.java
index 7866547177f..39dc949c233 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/EventRequestManager/threadStartRequests/thrstartreq001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/EventRequestManager/threadStartRequests/thrstartreq001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ class EventListener extends Thread {
 
         public void run() {
             try {
-                do {
+                while (true) {
                     EventSet eventSet = vm.eventQueue().remove(1000);
                     if (eventSet != null) { // there is not a timeout
                         EventIterator it = eventSet.eventIterator();
@@ -219,11 +219,15 @@ public void run() {
                                 log.display("EventListener: following JDI event occured: "
                                     + event.toString());
                         }
-                        if (isConnected) {
-                            eventSet.resume();
-                        }
+                        eventSet.resume();
+                        // Even if isConnected has been set false, we need to continue consuming
+                        // events until there are no more. So do a continue here rather than
+                        // allowing continuing to be conditional on isConnected below.
+                        continue;
                     }
-                } while (isConnected);
+                    if (!isConnected)
+                        break;
+                }
             } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                 tot_res = FAILED;
                 log.complain("FAILURE in EventListener: caught unexpected "

From 2659bfe35598296f9ba1b74b87e9e34c5f229ec7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Chen Liang <liach@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2026 19:16:54 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 242/707] 8388347: Remove enablePreview from
 TestEnableNativeAccessJarManifest

Reviewed-by: jpai, jvernee
---
 .../enablenativeaccess/TestEnableNativeAccessJarManifest.java  | 3 +--
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/java/foreign/enablenativeaccess/TestEnableNativeAccessJarManifest.java b/test/jdk/java/foreign/enablenativeaccess/TestEnableNativeAccessJarManifest.java
index 0ac7ea474a4..3522921bdd3 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/foreign/enablenativeaccess/TestEnableNativeAccessJarManifest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/foreign/enablenativeaccess/TestEnableNativeAccessJarManifest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@
  * @requires jdk.foreign.linker != "UNSUPPORTED"
  * @requires !vm.musl
  *
- * @enablePreview
  * @build TestEnableNativeAccessJarManifest
  *        panama_module/*
  *        org.openjdk.foreigntest.unnamed.PanamaMainUnnamedModule

From 399317d393869e9da54fccf55af71450c2aa36be Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vladimir Ivanov <vlivanov@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2026 21:21:29 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 243/707] 8388357: ProblemList
 compiler/vectorapi/VectorStoreMaskIdentityTest.java

Reviewed-by: liach, kvn
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt | 2 ++
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
index 0a98477be69..71e626e5b39 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
@@ -69,6 +69,8 @@ compiler/c2/aarch64/TestStaticCallStub.java 8359963 generic-aarch64
 
 compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestBCEscapeAnalyzerOverflow.java 8387392 windows-aarch64
 
+compiler/vectorapi/VectorStoreMaskIdentityTest.java 8388281 generic-all
+
 #############################################################################
 
 # :hotspot_gc

From bc03baed726bef0f7fde8d4de5f90b48a9cc26fa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ashutosh Mehra <asmehra@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:48:42 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 244/707] 8387745: [aot] Several tests fail because a
 SoftReferenceKey cannot be archived

Reviewed-by: iklam, kvn
---
 src/hotspot/share/cds/aotReferenceObjSupport.cpp       | 10 ++++++++++
 src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmSymbols.hpp              |  1 +
 .../share/classes/sun/util/locale/BaseLocale.java      |  6 ++++++
 3 files changed, 17 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotReferenceObjSupport.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotReferenceObjSupport.cpp
index 2d5fc8c7f21..62ed3a56b62 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotReferenceObjSupport.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotReferenceObjSupport.cpp
@@ -142,6 +142,16 @@ void AOTReferenceObjSupport::stabilize_cached_reference_objects(TRAPS) {
                            vmSymbols::void_method_signature(),
                            CHECK);
     }
+    {
+      TempNewSymbol method_name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("assemblySetup");
+      JavaValue result(T_VOID);
+      Symbol* baseLocale_name = vmSymbols::sun_util_locale_BaseLocale();
+      Klass* baseLocale_klass = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(baseLocale_name, true, CHECK);
+      JavaCalls::call_static(&result, baseLocale_klass,
+                             method_name,
+                             vmSymbols::void_method_signature(),
+                             CHECK);
+    }
 
     {
       Symbol* cds_name  = vmSymbols::jdk_internal_misc_CDS();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmSymbols.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmSymbols.hpp
index 0348fae28b0..4337020846f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmSymbols.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmSymbols.hpp
@@ -731,6 +731,7 @@ class SerializeClosure;
   template(runtimeSetup,                                    "runtimeSetup")                                       \
   template(toFileURL_name,                                  "toFileURL")                                          \
   template(toFileURL_signature,                             "(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/net/URL;")                 \
+  template(sun_util_locale_BaseLocale,                      "sun/util/locale/BaseLocale")                         \
                                                                                                                   \
   /* jcmd Thread.dump_to_file */                                                                                  \
   template(jdk_internal_vm_ThreadDumper,           "jdk/internal/vm/ThreadDumper")                                \
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/BaseLocale.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/BaseLocale.java
index 31078720ddc..295952e7896 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/BaseLocale.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/util/locale/BaseLocale.java
@@ -275,4 +275,10 @@ public int hashCode() {
         }
         return h;
     }
+
+    // This is called from C code, at the very end of Java code execution
+    // during the AOT cache assembly phase.
+    private static void assemblySetup() {
+        CACHE.get().prepareForAOTCache();
+    }
 }

From 820d28feb5043fefe353b40dae9862b6868e4f1c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ozan Cetin <ozanctn@amazon.com>
Date: Thu, 16 Jul 2026 10:22:01 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 245/707] 8370870: IGV: add simple regression tests for graph
 dumping

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, shade
---
 .../compiler/igv/TestIdealGraphDump.java      | 334 ++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 334 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igv/TestIdealGraphDump.java

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igv/TestIdealGraphDump.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igv/TestIdealGraphDump.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d950908eeaa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igv/TestIdealGraphDump.java
@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test TestIdealGraphDump
+ * @bug 8370870
+ * @summary Verify that IGV graph dumping produces well-structured XML at different print levels
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.debug == true & vm.compiler2.enabled & vm.flagless
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.igv;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
+import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+
+public class TestIdealGraphDump {
+
+    private static final String TEST_CLASS = TestMethods.class.getName();
+    private static final String METHOD_COMPUTE = TEST_CLASS + "::compute";
+    private static final String METHOD_BRANCH = TEST_CLASS + "::branchyMethod";
+
+    private static final Map<Integer, Path> dumpCache = new HashMap<>();
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        testDisabled();
+        testLevel0();
+        testLevel1();
+        testLevel2();
+        testLevel3();
+        testLevel4();
+        testLevel5();
+        testLevel6();
+        testMonotonicallyIncreasingGraphCounts();
+        testXmlWellFormedness();
+        testMethodNameInGraph();
+        testMultipleMethods();
+        testIGVPrintLevelDirective();
+    }
+
+    private static void testDisabled() throws Exception {
+        Path xmlFile = getCachedDump(-1);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(Files.size(xmlFile) == 0,
+            "Level -1 (disabled) must produce an empty file");
+    }
+
+    private static void testLevel0() throws Exception {
+        Path xmlFile = getCachedDump(0);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(Files.size(xmlFile) == 0,
+            "Level 0 must produce an empty file (no system-wide dumps)");
+    }
+
+    private static void testLevel1() throws Exception {
+        String content = getCachedContent(1);
+        assertContainsPhase(content, "After Parsing", 1);
+        assertContainsPhase(content, "Before Matching", 1);
+        assertContainsPhase(content, "Final Code", 1);
+        assertNotContainsPhase(content, "PhaseCCP 1", 1);
+    }
+
+    private static void testLevel2() throws Exception {
+        String content = getCachedContent(2);
+        assertContainsPhase(content, "After Parsing", 2);
+        assertContainsPhase(content, "Final Code", 2);
+        assertContainsPhase(content, "Iter GVN 1", 2);
+        assertContainsPhase(content, "PhaseCCP 1", 2);
+        assertNotContainsPhase(content, "Before Macro Expansion", 2);
+    }
+
+    private static void testLevel3() throws Exception {
+        String content = getCachedContent(3);
+        assertContainsPhase(content, "Before Macro Expansion", 3);
+        assertNotContainsPhase(content, "Initial Liveness", 3);
+    }
+
+    private static void testLevel4() throws Exception {
+        String content = getCachedContent(4);
+        assertContainsPhase(content, "Initial Liveness", 4);
+        assertNotContainsPhase(content, "After Iter GVN Step", 4);
+    }
+
+    private static void testLevel5() throws Exception {
+        String content = getCachedContent(5);
+        assertContainsPhase(content, "After Iter GVN Step", 5);
+        assertNotContainsPhase(content, "Bytecode", 5);
+    }
+
+    private static void testLevel6() throws Exception {
+        String content = getCachedContent(6);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(containsPhase(content, "Bytecode"),
+            "Level 6 must contain per-bytecode graphs (e.g., 'Bytecode 0: ...')");
+    }
+
+    private static void testMonotonicallyIncreasingGraphCounts() throws Exception {
+        int prevCount = 0;
+        for (int level = 1; level <= 6; level++) {
+            String content = getCachedContent(level);
+            int count = countGraphs(content);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(count >= prevCount,
+                "Level " + level + " (" + count + " graphs) must have at least as many as level " +
+                (level - 1) + " (" + prevCount + " graphs)");
+            prevCount = count;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void testXmlWellFormedness() throws Exception {
+        Path xmlFile = getCachedDump(2);
+
+        DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
+        DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
+        try {
+            builder.parse(xmlFile.toFile());
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            Asserts.fail("IGV XML at level 2 is not well-formed: " + e.getMessage());
+        }
+
+        String content = getCachedContent(2);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(content.contains("<graphDocument>"), "Must contain <graphDocument>");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(content.contains("</graphDocument>"), "Must contain closing </graphDocument>");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(content.contains("<properties>"), "Must contain <properties>");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(content.contains("<nodes>"), "Must contain <nodes>");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(content.contains("<edges>"), "Must contain <edges>");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(content.contains("<node id="), "Must contain <node> elements");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(content.contains("<method name="), "Must contain <method>");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(content.contains("<bytecodes>"), "Must contain <bytecodes>");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(content.contains("<controlFlow>"), "Must contain <controlFlow>");
+    }
+
+    private static void testMethodNameInGraph() throws Exception {
+        String content = getCachedContent(1);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(content.contains("TestMethods.compute"),
+            "Graph output must contain the compiled method name 'TestMethods.compute'");
+    }
+
+    private static void testMultipleMethods() throws Exception {
+        Path xmlFile = dumpMultipleMethods(1);
+        String content = Files.readString(xmlFile);
+
+        Asserts.assertTrue(content.contains("TestMethods.compute"),
+            "Must contain graphs for 'compute' method");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(content.contains("TestMethods.branchyMethod"),
+            "Must contain graphs for 'branchyMethod' method");
+
+        int computeFinalCode = countMethodPhase(content, "TestMethods.compute", "Final Code");
+        int branchFinalCode = countMethodPhase(content, "TestMethods.branchyMethod", "Final Code");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(computeFinalCode, 1,
+            "compute must emit exactly one 'Final Code' graph, got " + computeFinalCode);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(branchFinalCode, 1,
+            "branchyMethod must emit exactly one 'Final Code' graph, got " + branchFinalCode);
+    }
+
+    private static void testIGVPrintLevelDirective() throws Exception {
+        Path xmlFile = Files.createTempFile("igv_directive_", ".xml");
+        xmlFile.toFile().deleteOnExit();
+
+        List<String> options = new ArrayList<>();
+        options.add("-Xbatch");
+        options.add("-XX:PrintIdealGraphLevel=0");
+        options.add("-XX:PrintIdealGraphFile=" + xmlFile.toAbsolutePath());
+        options.add("-XX:CompileCommand=IGVPrintLevel," + METHOD_COMPUTE + ",2");
+        options.add(TEST_CLASS);
+
+        OutputAnalyzer oa = ProcessTools.executeTestJava(options);
+        oa.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+        oa.shouldNotContain("# A fatal error has been detected by the Java Runtime Environment");
+
+        String content = Files.readString(xmlFile);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(Files.size(xmlFile) > 0,
+            "Per-method IGVPrintLevel directive must produce output even with system level 0");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(content.contains("TestMethods.compute"),
+            "Directive-based dump must contain the target method");
+        Asserts.assertFalse(content.contains("TestMethods.branchyMethod"),
+            "Directive-based dump must NOT contain non-targeted method");
+        assertContainsPhase(content, "After Parsing", 2);
+    }
+
+    private static Path getCachedDump(int level) throws Exception {
+        if (!dumpCache.containsKey(level)) {
+            dumpCache.put(level, dumpAtLevel(level));
+        }
+        return dumpCache.get(level);
+    }
+
+    private static String getCachedContent(int level) throws Exception {
+        return Files.readString(getCachedDump(level));
+    }
+
+    private static Path dumpAtLevel(int level) throws Exception {
+        Path xmlFile = Files.createTempFile("igv_level" + level + "_", ".xml");
+        xmlFile.toFile().deleteOnExit();
+
+        List<String> options = new ArrayList<>();
+        options.add("-Xbatch");
+        options.add("-XX:PrintIdealGraphLevel=" + level);
+        options.add("-XX:PrintIdealGraphFile=" + xmlFile.toAbsolutePath());
+        options.add("-XX:CompileCommand=compileonly," + METHOD_COMPUTE);
+        options.add(TEST_CLASS);
+
+        OutputAnalyzer oa = ProcessTools.executeTestJava(options);
+        oa.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+        oa.shouldNotContain("# A fatal error has been detected by the Java Runtime Environment");
+
+        return xmlFile;
+    }
+
+    private static Path dumpMultipleMethods(int level) throws Exception {
+        Path xmlFile = Files.createTempFile("igv_multi_", ".xml");
+        xmlFile.toFile().deleteOnExit();
+
+        List<String> options = new ArrayList<>();
+        options.add("-Xbatch");
+        options.add("-XX:PrintIdealGraphLevel=" + level);
+        options.add("-XX:PrintIdealGraphFile=" + xmlFile.toAbsolutePath());
+        options.add("-XX:CompileCommand=compileonly," + METHOD_COMPUTE);
+        options.add("-XX:CompileCommand=compileonly," + METHOD_BRANCH);
+        options.add(TEST_CLASS);
+
+        OutputAnalyzer oa = ProcessTools.executeTestJava(options);
+        oa.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+        oa.shouldNotContain("# A fatal error has been detected by the Java Runtime Environment");
+
+        return xmlFile;
+    }
+
+    private static int countGraphs(String content) {
+        return countOccurrences(content, "<graph name=");
+    }
+
+    private static boolean containsPhase(String content, String phaseName) {
+        return content.contains("'" + phaseName + "'") ||
+               content.contains("\"" + phaseName + "\"") ||
+               content.contains(">" + phaseName + "<") ||
+               content.contains("'" + phaseName);
+    }
+
+    private static void assertContainsPhase(String content, String phaseName, int level) {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(containsPhase(content, phaseName),
+            "Level " + level + " must contain phase '" + phaseName + "'");
+    }
+
+    private static void assertNotContainsPhase(String content, String phaseName, int level) {
+        Asserts.assertFalse(containsPhase(content, phaseName),
+            "Level " + level + " must NOT contain phase '" + phaseName + "'");
+    }
+
+    private static int countMethodPhase(String content, String methodName, String phaseName) {
+        int count = 0;
+        int groupStart = 0;
+        while ((groupStart = content.indexOf("<group>", groupStart)) != -1) {
+            int groupEnd = content.indexOf("</group>", groupStart);
+            if (groupEnd == -1) {
+                break;
+            }
+            String group = content.substring(groupStart, groupEnd);
+            if (group.contains(methodName)) {
+                count += countOccurrences(group, "<graph name='" + phaseName + "'>");
+            }
+            groupStart = groupEnd;
+        }
+        return count;
+    }
+
+    private static int countOccurrences(String str, String sub) {
+        int count = 0;
+        int idx = 0;
+        while ((idx = str.indexOf(sub, idx)) != -1) {
+            count++;
+            idx += sub.length();
+        }
+        return count;
+    }
+
+    public static class TestMethods {
+        public static void main(String[] args) {
+            int sum = 0;
+            for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; i++) {
+                sum += compute(i, i + 1);
+                sum += branchyMethod(i, i % 7);
+            }
+            System.out.println(sum);
+        }
+
+        static int compute(int a, int b) {
+            int result = 0;
+            for (int i = 0; i < a % 10; i++) {
+                result += b * i;
+            }
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        static int branchyMethod(int x, int y) {
+            if (x > y) {
+                return x * y + 1;
+            } else if (x == y) {
+                return x + y;
+            } else {
+                return y - x;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

From 80476532c0c5d4339128bd45dd85dc5cc70a6fe6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daisuke Yamazaki <dyama@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 16 Jul 2026 14:10:24 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 246/707] 8382269: keytool man page references to "JKS" need to
 be cleaned up

Reviewed-by: mullan, hchao
---
 src/java.base/share/man/keytool.md     | 70 ++++++++++++--------------
 src/jdk.jartool/share/man/jarsigner.md | 18 ++-----
 2 files changed, 36 insertions(+), 52 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/man/keytool.md b/src/java.base/share/man/keytool.md
index 1d70bd2f5f8..faa2ff563a1 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/man/keytool.md
+++ b/src/java.base/share/man/keytool.md
@@ -1191,14 +1191,14 @@ These options can appear for all commands operating on a keystore:
 [`-keystore`]{#option-keystore} *keystore*
 :   The keystore location.
 
-    If the JKS `storetype` is used and a keystore file doesn't yet exist, then
-    certain `keytool` commands can result in a new keystore file being created.
-    For example, if `keytool -genkeypair` is called and the `-keystore` option
-    isn't specified, the default keystore file named `.keystore` is created in
-    the user's home directory if it doesn't already exist. Similarly, if the
-    `-keystore ks_file` option is specified but `ks_file` doesn't exist, then
-    it is created. For more information on the JKS `storetype`, see the
-    **KeyStore Implementation** section in **KeyStore aliases**.
+    If a keystore file doesn't yet exist, then certain `keytool` commands can
+    result in a new keystore file being created. For example, if
+    `keytool -genkeypair` is called and the `-keystore` option isn't specified,
+    the default keystore file named `.keystore` is created in the user's home
+    directory if it doesn't already exist. Similarly, if the `-keystore ks_file`
+    option is specified but `ks_file` doesn't exist, then it is created. For
+    more information on keystore types and implementations, see the
+    **KeyStore implementation** section in [Terms].
 
     Note that the input stream from the `-keystore` option is passed to the
     `KeyStore.load` method. If `NONE` is specified as the URL, then a null
@@ -1766,11 +1766,11 @@ keystore, then it prompts you for a password. If it detects alias duplication,
 then it asks you for a new alias, and you can specify a new alias or simply
 allow the `keytool` command to overwrite the existing one.
 
-For example, import entries from a typical JKS type keystore `key.jks` into a
-PKCS \#11 type hardware-based keystore, by entering the following command:
+For example, import entries from a typical PKCS12 type keystore `key.p12` into
+a PKCS \#11 type hardware-based keystore, by entering the following command:
 
->   `keytool -importkeystore -srckeystore key.jks -destkeystore NONE
-    -srcstoretype JKS -deststoretype PKCS11 -srcstorepass` *password*
+>   `keytool -importkeystore -srckeystore key.p12 -destkeystore NONE
+    -srcstoretype PKCS12 -deststoretype PKCS11 -srcstorepass` *password*
     `-deststorepass` *password*
 
 The `importkeystore` command can also be used to import a single entry from a
@@ -1780,8 +1780,8 @@ import. With the `-srcalias` option specified, you can also specify the
 destination alias name, protection password for a secret or private key, and
 the destination protection password you want as follows:
 
->   `keytool -importkeystore -srckeystore key.jks -destkeystore NONE
-    -srcstoretype JKS -deststoretype PKCS11 -srcstorepass` *password*
+>   `keytool -importkeystore -srckeystore key.p12 -destkeystore NONE
+    -srcstoretype PKCS12 -deststoretype PKCS11 -srcstorepass` *password*
     `-deststorepass` *password* `-srcalias myprivatekey -destalias
     myoldprivatekey -srckeypass` *password* `-destkeypass` *password*
     `-noprompt`
@@ -1800,22 +1800,22 @@ certificates for three entities:
 Ensure that you store all the certificates in the same keystore.
 
 ```
-keytool -genkeypair -keystore root.jks -alias root -ext bc:c -keyalg rsa
-keytool -genkeypair -keystore ca.jks -alias ca -ext bc:c -keyalg rsa
-keytool -genkeypair -keystore server.jks -alias server -keyalg rsa
+keytool -genkeypair -keystore root.p12 -alias root -ext bc:c -keyalg rsa
+keytool -genkeypair -keystore ca.p12 -alias ca -ext bc:c -keyalg rsa
+keytool -genkeypair -keystore server.p12 -alias server -keyalg rsa
 
-keytool -keystore root.jks -alias root -exportcert -rfc > root.pem
+keytool -keystore root.p12 -alias root -exportcert -rfc > root.pem
 
-keytool -storepass password -keystore ca.jks -certreq -alias ca |
-    keytool -storepass password -keystore root.jks
+keytool -storepass password -keystore ca.p12 -certreq -alias ca |
+    keytool -storepass password -keystore root.p12
     -gencert -alias root -ext BC=0 -rfc > ca.pem
-keytool -keystore ca.jks -importcert -alias ca -file ca.pem
+keytool -keystore ca.p12 -importcert -alias ca -file ca.pem
 
-keytool -storepass password -keystore server.jks -certreq -alias server |
-    keytool -storepass password -keystore ca.jks -gencert -alias ca
+keytool -storepass password -keystore server.p12 -certreq -alias server |
+    keytool -storepass password -keystore ca.p12 -gencert -alias ca
     -ext ku:c=dig,kE -rfc > server.pem
 cat root.pem ca.pem server.pem |
-    keytool -keystore server.jks -importcert -alias server
+    keytool -keystore server.p12 -importcert -alias server
 
 ```
 
@@ -1886,11 +1886,7 @@ Keystore implementation
     is a cross platform keystore based on the RSA PKCS12 Personal Information
     Exchange Syntax Standard. This standard is primarily meant for storing or
     transporting a user's private keys, certificates, and miscellaneous
-    secrets. There is another built-in implementation, provided by Oracle. It
-    implements the keystore as a file with a proprietary keystore type (format)
-    named `JKS`. It protects each private key with its individual password, and
-    also protects the integrity of the entire keystore with a (possibly
-    different) password.
+    secrets.
 
     Keystore implementations are provider-based. More specifically, the
     application interfaces supplied by `KeyStore` are implemented in terms of a
@@ -1946,16 +1942,12 @@ Keystore implementation
     >   `keystore.type=pkcs12`
 
     To have the tools utilize a keystore implementation other than the default,
-    you can change that line to specify a different keystore type. For example,
-    if you want to use the Oracle's `jks` keystore implementation, then change
-    the line to the following:
-
-    >   `keystore.type=jks`
+    you can change that line to specify a different keystore type.
 
     **Note:**
 
-    Case doesn't matter in keystore type designations. For example, `JKS` would
-    be considered the same as `jks`.
+    Case doesn't matter in keystore type designations. For example, `PKCS12`
+    would be considered the same as `pkcs12`.
 
 Certificate
 :   A certificate (or public-key certificate) is a digitally signed statement
@@ -2157,9 +2149,9 @@ cacerts Certificates File
 
     The `cacerts` file represents a system-wide keystore with CA certificates.
     System administrators can configure and manage that file with the `keytool`
-    command by specifying `jks` as the keystore type. The `cacerts` keystore
-    file ships with a default set of root CA certificates. For Linux, macOS, and
-    Windows, you can list the default certificates with the following command:
+    command. The `cacerts` keystore file ships with a default set of root CA
+    certificates. For Linux, macOS, and Windows, you can list the default
+    certificates with the following command:
 
     >   `keytool -list -cacerts`
 
diff --git a/src/jdk.jartool/share/man/jarsigner.md b/src/jdk.jartool/share/man/jarsigner.md
index d128b9c11ff..b24382fdda5 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jartool/share/man/jarsigner.md
+++ b/src/jdk.jartool/share/man/jarsigner.md
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-# Copyright (c) 1998, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -181,11 +181,7 @@ Currently, there are two command-line tools that use keystore implementations
 The default keystore implementation is `PKCS12`. This is a cross platform
 keystore based on the RSA PKCS12 Personal Information Exchange Syntax Standard.
 This standard is primarily meant for storing or transporting a user's private
-keys, certificates, and miscellaneous secrets. There is another built-in
-implementation, provided by Oracle. It implements the keystore as a file with a
-proprietary keystore type (format) named `JKS`. It protects each private key
-with its individual password, and also protects the integrity of the entire
-keystore with a (possibly different) password.
+keys, certificates, and miscellaneous secrets.
 
 Keystore implementations are provider-based, which means the application
 interfaces supplied by the `KeyStore` class are implemented in terms of a
@@ -237,15 +233,11 @@ specified by the following line in the security properties file:
 
 >   `keystore.type=pkcs12`
 
-Case doesn't matter in keystore type designations. For example, `JKS` is the
-same as `jks`.
+Case doesn't matter in keystore type designations. For example, `PKCS12` is the
+same as `pkcs12`.
 
 To have the tools utilize a keystore implementation other than the default, you
-can change that line to specify a different keystore type. For example, if you
-want to use the Oracle's `jks` keystore implementation, then change the line to
-the following:
-
->   `keystore.type=jks`
+can change that line to specify a different keystore type.
 
 ## Supported Algorithms
 

From 816fe33ea6136b1563cdbe0cffbd09da1f62f1c7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: April Ivy <ivyapril2005@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 16 Jul 2026 18:55:38 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 247/707] 8387991: Optimize execution of
 runtime/Thread/TestSpinPause.java

Reviewed-by: dholmes, lmesnik
---
 .../jtreg/runtime/Thread/TestSpinPause.java   | 93 +++++++++++++++----
 1 file changed, 73 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/Thread/TestSpinPause.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/Thread/TestSpinPause.java
index 7226c8ed058..b939aceee95 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/Thread/TestSpinPause.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/Thread/TestSpinPause.java
@@ -21,38 +21,91 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
-/**
- * @test TestSpinPause
- * @summary JVM runtime can use SpinPause function for synchronized statements.
- *          Check different implementations of JVM SpinPause don't crash JVM.
+/*
+ * @test id=default
+ * @summary Check the default SpinPause implementation for synchronized statements.
  * @bug 8278241
  * @library /test/lib
- *
  * @requires os.arch=="aarch64"
- *
  * @run main/othervm TestSpinPause
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=none TestSpinPause
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=nop TestSpinPause
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=isb TestSpinPause
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=yield TestSpinPause
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=nop -XX:OnSpinWaitInstCount=10 TestSpinPause
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=isb -XX:OnSpinWaitInstCount=3 TestSpinPause
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=yield -XX:OnSpinWaitInstCount=3 TestSpinPause
  * @run main/othervm -Xint TestSpinPause
- * @run main/othervm -Xint -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=none TestSpinPause
- * @run main/othervm -Xint -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=nop TestSpinPause
- * @run main/othervm -Xint -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=isb TestSpinPause
- * @run main/othervm -Xint -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=yield TestSpinPause
- * @run main/othervm -Xint -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=nop -XX:OnSpinWaitInstCount=10 TestSpinPause
- * @run main/othervm -Xint -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=isb -XX:OnSpinWaitInstCount=3 TestSpinPause
- * @run main/othervm -Xint -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=yield -XX:OnSpinWaitInstCount=3 TestSpinPause
  * @run main/othervm -Xcomp TestSpinPause
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=none
+ * @summary Check SpinPause for synchronized statements with OnSpinWaitInst=none.
+ * @bug 8278241
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires os.arch=="aarch64"
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=none TestSpinPause
+ * @run main/othervm -Xint -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=none TestSpinPause
  * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=none TestSpinPause
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=nop
+ * @summary Check SpinPause for synchronized statements with OnSpinWaitInst=nop.
+ * @bug 8278241
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires os.arch=="aarch64"
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=nop TestSpinPause
+ * @run main/othervm -Xint -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=nop TestSpinPause
  * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=nop TestSpinPause
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=isb
+ * @summary Check SpinPause for synchronized statements with OnSpinWaitInst=isb.
+ * @bug 8278241
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires os.arch=="aarch64"
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=isb TestSpinPause
+ * @run main/othervm -Xint -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=isb TestSpinPause
  * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=isb TestSpinPause
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=yield
+ * @summary Check SpinPause for synchronized statements with OnSpinWaitInst=yield.
+ * @bug 8278241
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires os.arch=="aarch64"
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=yield TestSpinPause
+ * @run main/othervm -Xint -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=yield TestSpinPause
  * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=yield TestSpinPause
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=nop-count-10
+ * @summary Check SpinPause for synchronized statements with OnSpinWaitInst=nop and OnSpinWaitInstCount=10.
+ * @bug 8278241
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires os.arch=="aarch64"
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=nop -XX:OnSpinWaitInstCount=10 TestSpinPause
+ * @run main/othervm -Xint -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=nop -XX:OnSpinWaitInstCount=10 TestSpinPause
  * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=nop -XX:OnSpinWaitInstCount=10 TestSpinPause
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=isb-count-3
+ * @summary Check SpinPause for synchronized statements with OnSpinWaitInst=isb and OnSpinWaitInstCount=3.
+ * @bug 8278241
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires os.arch=="aarch64"
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=isb -XX:OnSpinWaitInstCount=3 TestSpinPause
+ * @run main/othervm -Xint -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=isb -XX:OnSpinWaitInstCount=3 TestSpinPause
  * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=isb -XX:OnSpinWaitInstCount=3 TestSpinPause
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=yield-count-3
+ * @summary Check SpinPause for synchronized statements with OnSpinWaitInst=yield and OnSpinWaitInstCount=3.
+ * @bug 8278241
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires os.arch=="aarch64"
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=yield -XX:OnSpinWaitInstCount=3 TestSpinPause
+ * @run main/othervm -Xint -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=yield -XX:OnSpinWaitInstCount=3 TestSpinPause
  * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:OnSpinWaitInst=yield -XX:OnSpinWaitInstCount=3 TestSpinPause
  */
 

From 24a1532719f389f7adc7d54da8c15f2f48254296 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Mark Powers <mpowers@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 16 Jul 2026 23:48:46 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 248/707] =?UTF-8?q?8359758:=20O(n=C2=B2)=20time=20complexi?=
 =?UTF-8?q?ty=20in=20sun.security.util.LocalizedMessage.getNonlocalized?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Reviewed-by: djelinski, weijun, abarashev
---
 .../sun/security/util/LocalizedMessage.java   | 27 ++++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/LocalizedMessage.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/LocalizedMessage.java
index 61062bf6e1a..8d79e85c8a5 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/LocalizedMessage.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/LocalizedMessage.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -106,32 +106,33 @@ public static String getNonlocalized(String key,
         // Classes like StringTokenizer may not be loaded, so parsing
         //   is performed with String methods
         StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
-        int nextBraceIndex;
-        while ((nextBraceIndex = value.indexOf('{')) >= 0) {
+        int pos = 0;
+        int leftBraceIndex;
+        while ((leftBraceIndex = value.indexOf('{', pos)) >= 0) {
 
-            String firstPart = value.substring(0, nextBraceIndex);
-            sb.append(firstPart);
-            value = value.substring(nextBraceIndex + 1);
+            sb.append(value, pos, leftBraceIndex);
 
             // look for closing brace and argument index
-            nextBraceIndex = value.indexOf('}');
-            if (nextBraceIndex < 0) {
+            int rightBraceIndex = value.indexOf('}', leftBraceIndex + 1);
+            if (rightBraceIndex < 0) {
                 // no closing brace
                 // MessageFormat would throw IllegalArgumentException, but
                 //   that exception class may not be loaded yet
                 throw new RuntimeException("Unmatched braces");
             }
-            String indexStr = value.substring(0, nextBraceIndex);
             try {
-                int index = Integer.parseInt(indexStr);
+                int index = Integer.parseInt(value, leftBraceIndex + 1,
+                        rightBraceIndex, 10);
                 sb.append(arguments[index]);
             } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                 // argument index is not an integer
-                throw new RuntimeException("not an integer: " + indexStr);
+                throw new RuntimeException("not an integer: " +
+                        value.substring(leftBraceIndex + 1, rightBraceIndex));
             }
-            value = value.substring(nextBraceIndex + 1);
+
+            pos = rightBraceIndex + 1;
         }
-        sb.append(value);
+        sb.append(value, pos, value.length());
         return sb.toString();
     }
 

From b7b29c7082db536ed03abb44ffc6e9e76960a309 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Guanqiang Han <ghan@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2026 02:14:36 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 249/707] 8388186: java  -XX:UseSSE=2   -XX:+EnableX86ECoreOpts
   -version crashes with assert(UseAVX > 0) failed: requires some form of AVX

Reviewed-by: asmehra, kvn
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp        |  2 +-
 ...estEnableX86ECoreOptsWithAVX2Disabled.java | 57 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 58 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cpuflags/TestEnableX86ECoreOptsWithAVX2Disabled.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
index 6112c280a1d..e395dd301f4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
@@ -1343,7 +1343,7 @@ void VM_Version::get_processor_features() {
   }
 
   if (UseSHA && ((supports_evex() && supports_avx512vlbw()) ||
-      (EnableX86ECoreOpts && !supports_hybrid()))) {
+      (supports_avx2() && EnableX86ECoreOpts && !supports_hybrid()))) {
     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseSHA3Intrinsics)) {
       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSHA3Intrinsics, true);
     }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cpuflags/TestEnableX86ECoreOptsWithAVX2Disabled.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cpuflags/TestEnableX86ECoreOptsWithAVX2Disabled.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c31514bbba1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cpuflags/TestEnableX86ECoreOptsWithAVX2Disabled.java
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8388186
+ * @summary Test for VM crash with -XX:+EnableX86ECoreOpts and UseAVX < 2.
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @requires os.arch == "amd64" | os.arch == "x86_64"
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.cpuflags;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+
+public class TestEnableX86ECoreOptsWithAVX2Disabled {
+    static final String[] OPTIONS = {
+        "-XX:UseSSE=2",
+        "-XX:UseSSE=3",
+        "-XX:UseAVX=0",
+        "-XX:UseAVX=1"
+    };
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        for (String option : OPTIONS) {
+            OutputAnalyzer output = ProcessTools.executeLimitedTestJava(
+                                                 "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                                                 "-XX:+EnableX86ECoreOpts",
+                                                 option,
+                                                 "-version");
+            output.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+        }
+    }
+}

From bb3baa85b8f62924230926320ca5a782f51d85e6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Benjamin Peterson <bpeterson@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2026 02:19:00 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 250/707] 8388360: Dead sharedRuntime.cpp stub name code

Reviewed-by: dholmes
---
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp | 8 --------
 1 file changed, 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
index bcb7f5488f5..919161dde2f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
@@ -108,14 +108,6 @@
 
 nmethod*            SharedRuntime::_cont_doYield_stub;
 
-#if 0
-// TODO tweak global stub name generation to match this
-#define SHARED_STUB_NAME_DECLARE(name, type) "Shared Runtime " # name "_blob",
-const char *SharedRuntime::_stub_names[] = {
-  SHARED_STUBS_DO(SHARED_STUB_NAME_DECLARE)
-};
-#endif
-
 //----------------------------generate_stubs-----------------------------------
 void SharedRuntime::generate_initial_stubs() {
   // Build this early so it's available for the interpreter.

From c5c366ad0cfe33361b0c30597bc71beb4770db09 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Harshit Dhiman <hdhiman@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2026 04:14:32 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 251/707] 8388284: [s390] resolve_jobject uses wrong branch
 condition after tmll

Reviewed-by: amitkumar, aph
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.cpp | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.cpp
index 9a401766200..d0f92cc129a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.cpp
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ void BarrierSetAssembler::resolve_jobject(MacroAssembler* masm, Register value,
   __ z_bre(done);          // Use null result as-is.
 
   __ z_tmll(value, JNIHandles::tag_mask);
-  __ z_btrue(tagged); // not zero
+  __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondNotAllZero, tagged); // not zero
 
   // Resolve Local handle
   __ access_load_at(T_OBJECT, IN_NATIVE | AS_RAW, Address(value, 0), value, tmp1, tmp2);
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ void BarrierSetAssembler::resolve_jobject(MacroAssembler* masm, Register value,
 
   __ bind(tagged);
   __ testbit(value, exact_log2(JNIHandles::TypeTag::weak_global)); // test for weak tag
-  __ z_btrue(weak_tag);
+  __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondNotAllZero, weak_tag);
 
   // resolve global handle
   __ access_load_at(T_OBJECT, IN_NATIVE, Address(value, -JNIHandles::TypeTag::global), value, tmp1, tmp2);

From 6987a3593fc7581f04992b034d3dbb0469d09f1f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David CARLIER <devnexen@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2026 05:02:17 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 252/707] 8387718: JVMTI GetLocal/SetLocal: slot bounds check
 overflows for long/double slots

Reviewed-by: dholmes, sspitsyn
---
 src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiImpl.cpp         |   4 +-
 .../GetSetLocalSlotOverflow.java              |  77 ++++++++++++
 .../libGetSetLocalSlotOverflow.cpp            | 113 ++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 192 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetLocalVariable/GetSetLocalSlotOverflow.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetLocalVariable/libGetSetLocalSlotOverflow.cpp

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiImpl.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiImpl.cpp
index c0a4ca949c9..96366cceaff 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiImpl.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiImpl.cpp
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ bool VM_BaseGetOrSetLocal::check_slot_type_lvt(javaVFrame* jvf) {
   if (!method->has_localvariable_table()) {
     // Just to check index boundaries.
     jint extra_slot = (_type == T_LONG || _type == T_DOUBLE) ? 1 : 0;
-    if (_index < 0 || _index + extra_slot >= method->max_locals()) {
+    if (_index < 0 || _index >= method->max_locals() - extra_slot) {
       _result = JVMTI_ERROR_INVALID_SLOT;
       return false;
     }
@@ -451,7 +451,7 @@ bool VM_BaseGetOrSetLocal::check_slot_type_no_lvt(javaVFrame* jvf) {
   Method* method = jvf->method();
   jint extra_slot = (_type == T_LONG || _type == T_DOUBLE) ? 1 : 0;
 
-  if (_index < 0 || _index + extra_slot >= method->max_locals()) {
+  if (_index < 0 || _index >= method->max_locals() - extra_slot) {
     _result = JVMTI_ERROR_INVALID_SLOT;
     return false;
   }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetLocalVariable/GetSetLocalSlotOverflow.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetLocalVariable/GetSetLocalSlotOverflow.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..09073d99bfb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetLocalVariable/GetSetLocalSlotOverflow.java
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8387718
+ * @summary VM_GetOrSetLocal slot bounds check overflows for long/double slots,
+ *          allowing an out-of-bounds StackValueCollection access when slot == INT_MAX.
+ * @requires vm.jvmti
+ * @compile GetSetLocalSlotOverflow.java
+ * @run main/othervm/native -agentlib:GetSetLocalSlotOverflow GetSetLocalSlotOverflow
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Regression test / reproducer for the signed-overflow in
+ * VM_BaseGetOrSetLocal::check_slot_type_no_lvt (jvmtiImpl.cpp).
+ *
+ * For a T_LONG/T_DOUBLE access, the bounds check is
+ *     if (_index < 0 || _index + extra_slot >= method->max_locals())
+ * with extra_slot == 1. When the agent passes slot == INT_MAX, the
+ * sub-expression _index + extra_slot overflows to INT_MIN, which is < max_locals(),
+ * so the guard passes and the code goes on to index locals->at(INT_MAX).
+ *
+ * Expected (fixed) behavior: GetLocalLong/Double and SetLocalLong/Double with
+ * slot == INT_MAX return JVMTI_ERROR_INVALID_SLOT.
+ *
+ * On an unfixed VM this test does not merely fail: the out-of-bounds access
+ * crashes the VM (assertion failure in fastdebug, SIGSEGV / silent corruption
+ * in product). A clean PASS is only possible once the bounds check is fixed.
+ */
+
+public class GetSetLocalSlotOverflow {
+
+    // Invoked from runner(); the agent inspects the runner() frame at depth 1.
+    // Returns false if any accessor did not return JVMTI_ERROR_INVALID_SLOT.
+    static native boolean testOverflow(Thread thread);
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        if (!runner()) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Test GetSetLocalSlotOverflow failed");
+        }
+    }
+
+    // A Java frame holding a few locals. The agent targets this frame (depth 1)
+    // with slot == INT_MAX. The actual local contents are irrelevant: the
+    // overflow happens in the slot bounds check, before any local is read.
+    public static boolean runner() {
+        long l = 0xCAFEBABEL;
+        double d = 3.14d;
+        boolean ok = testOverflow(Thread.currentThread());
+        // Keep locals live across the native call.
+        if (l == 0 && d == 0) {
+            throw new AssertionError("unreachable");
+        }
+        return ok;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetLocalVariable/libGetSetLocalSlotOverflow.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetLocalVariable/libGetSetLocalSlotOverflow.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..98872ddf0de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetLocalVariable/libGetSetLocalSlotOverflow.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include "jvmti.h"
+#include "jvmti_common.hpp"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+// The runner() frame at depth 1; INT_MAX makes (slot + extra_slot) overflow
+// for the long/double accessors.
+static const jint Depth = 1;
+static const jint OverflowSlot = INT_MAX; // 0x7fffffff
+
+static jvmtiEnv *jvmti = nullptr;
+
+// Each access below MUST come back as JVMTI_ERROR_INVALID_SLOT. On an unfixed
+// VM the overflowing bounds check is bypassed and the subsequent
+// locals->at(INT_MAX) access crashes the VM before we ever see a return code.
+static bool expect_invalid_slot(const char* what, jvmtiError err) {
+  if (err == JVMTI_ERROR_INVALID_SLOT) {
+    LOG(" PASS: %s returned JVMTI_ERROR_INVALID_SLOT (%d) for slot=INT_MAX\n", what, err);
+    return true;
+  }
+  LOG(" FAIL: %s returned %d for slot=INT_MAX, expected JVMTI_ERROR_INVALID_SLOT (%d)\n",
+         what, err, JVMTI_ERROR_INVALID_SLOT);
+  return false;
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
+Java_GetSetLocalSlotOverflow_testOverflow(JNIEnv *env, jclass cls, jobject thread) {
+  if (jvmti == nullptr) {
+    LOG("JVMTI client was not properly loaded!\n");
+    return JNI_FALSE;
+  }
+
+  jlong   lval = 0;
+  jdouble dval = 0;
+
+  // T_LONG / T_DOUBLE => extra_slot == 1 => INT_MAX + 1 overflows to INT_MIN.
+  bool ok = true;
+  ok &= expect_invalid_slot("GetLocalLong",   jvmti->GetLocalLong(thread, Depth, OverflowSlot, &lval));
+  ok &= expect_invalid_slot("GetLocalDouble", jvmti->GetLocalDouble(thread, Depth, OverflowSlot, &dval));
+  ok &= expect_invalid_slot("SetLocalLong",   jvmti->SetLocalLong(thread, Depth, OverflowSlot, (jlong)0));
+  ok &= expect_invalid_slot("SetLocalDouble", jvmti->SetLocalDouble(thread, Depth, OverflowSlot, (jdouble)0));
+  return ok ? JNI_TRUE : JNI_FALSE;
+}
+
+static jint Agent_Initialize(JavaVM *jvm, char *options, void *reserved) {
+  jint res;
+  jvmtiError err;
+  static jvmtiCapabilities caps;
+
+  res = jvm->GetEnv((void **) &jvmti, JVMTI_VERSION_9);
+  if (res != JNI_OK || jvmti == nullptr) {
+    LOG("Wrong result of a valid call to GetEnv!\n");
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+  caps.can_access_local_variables = 1;
+
+  err = jvmti->AddCapabilities(&caps);
+  if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+    LOG("AddCapabilities: unexpected error: %d\n", err);
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+  err = jvmti->GetCapabilities(&caps);
+  if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+    LOG("GetCapabilities: unexpected error: %d\n", err);
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+  if (!caps.can_access_local_variables) {
+    LOG("Warning: Access to local variables is not implemented\n");
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+  return JNI_OK;
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Agent_OnLoad(JavaVM *jvm, char *options, void *reserved) {
+  return Agent_Initialize(jvm, options, reserved);
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Agent_OnAttach(JavaVM *jvm, char *options, void *reserved) {
+  return Agent_Initialize(jvm, options, reserved);
+}
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif

From 0ad1166ada90fe39e2855f21fd91db9fccfffe0b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Volkan Yazici <vyazici@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2026 05:55:39 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 253/707] 8387753: Improve
 SimpleDateFormat.set2DigitYearStart() documentation

Reviewed-by: naoto
---
 .../classes/java/text/SimpleDateFormat.java      | 16 +++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/text/SimpleDateFormat.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/text/SimpleDateFormat.java
index 4c57214dbba..ba1ae827776 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/text/SimpleDateFormat.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/text/SimpleDateFormat.java
@@ -920,10 +920,15 @@ private void parseAmbiguousDatesAsAfter(Date startDate) {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Sets the 100-year period 2-digit years will be interpreted as being in
-     * to begin on the date the user specifies.
+     * Sets the start date of the 100-year period used to interpret 2-digit years.
+     * <p>
+     * For example, given a {@code SimpleDateFormat} with a {@code GregorianCalendar},
+     * if the start date is set to January 1, 1950, 2-digit years are
+     * interpreted as falling within the 100-year range from 1950 through 2049.
+     * In that case, 50 is interpreted as 1950, 99 as 1999, 00 as 2000, and 49
+     * as 2049.
      *
-     * @param startDate During parsing, two digit years will be placed in the range
+     * @param startDate During parsing, 2-digit years will be placed in the range
      * {@code startDate} to {@code startDate + 100 years}.
      * @see #get2DigitYearStart
      * @throws NullPointerException if {@code startDate} is {@code null}.
@@ -934,11 +939,8 @@ public void set2DigitYearStart(Date startDate) {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the beginning date of the 100-year period 2-digit years are interpreted
-     * as being within.
+     * {@return the start date of the 100-year period used to interpret 2-digit years}
      *
-     * @return the start of the 100-year period into which two digit years are
-     * parsed
      * @see #set2DigitYearStart
      * @since 1.2
      */

From 3e67ebff0719e5d8e09532bf91fcc4c80bb53ad5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2026 06:35:20 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 254/707] 8387701: TestAVXRegisterDump: guarantee(how == 0)
 failed: test guarantee

Reviewed-by: missa, sviswanathan, kvn
---
 .../hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/TestAVXRegisterDump.java | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/TestAVXRegisterDump.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/TestAVXRegisterDump.java
index 1f2fec74fee..59692d94d2f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/TestAVXRegisterDump.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/TestAVXRegisterDump.java
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
  * @summary Test that YMM and ZMM registers are correctly dumped in hs_err for different UseAVX settings
  * @library /test/lib
  * @requires os.family == "linux" & os.arch == "amd64"
+ * @requires vm.cpu.features ~= ".*avx.*"
  * @requires vm.debug == true
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox

From 160382009f121502bee469afcae8236676502e16 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Volkan Yazici <vyazici@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2026 06:38:30 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 255/707] 8387598: sun.net.httpserver.maxReqTime and maxRspTime
 properties expect values in seconds

Reviewed-by: jpai
---
 src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/module-info.java | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/module-info.java b/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/module-info.java
index 0a0e77c628f..842a7ec1c9a 100644
--- a/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/module-info.java
+++ b/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/module-info.java
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@
  *  If the value is less than or equal to zero, there is no limit.
  * </li>
  * <li><p><b>{@systemProperty sun.net.httpserver.maxReqTime}</b> (default: -1)<br>
- * The maximum time in milliseconds allowed to receive a request headers and body.
+ * The maximum time in seconds allowed to receive a request headers and body.
  * In practice, the actual time is a function of request size, network speed, and handler
  * processing delays. A value less than or equal to zero means the time is not limited.
  * If the limit is exceeded then the connection is terminated and the handler will receive a
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
  * that may mean requests are aborted later than the specified interval.
  * </li>
  * <li><p><b>{@systemProperty sun.net.httpserver.maxRspTime}</b> (default: -1)<br>
- * The maximum time in milliseconds allowed to receive a response headers and body.
+ * The maximum time in seconds allowed to receive a response headers and body.
  * In practice, the actual time is a function of response size, network speed, and handler
  * processing delays. A value less than or equal to zero means the time is not limited.
  * If the limit is exceeded then the connection is terminated and the handler will receive a

From 2278ade4e8714ee167b2267b7cdde2d5859dfdaf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2026 07:05:51 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 256/707] 8387674: Remove isXP() function from jabswitch.cpp

Reviewed-by: prr, clanger
---
 .../windows/native/jabswitch/jabswitch.cpp    | 25 +++----------------
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.accessibility/windows/native/jabswitch/jabswitch.cpp b/src/jdk.accessibility/windows/native/jabswitch/jabswitch.cpp
index fdd7ff524da..7e4f63d2363 100644
--- a/src/jdk.accessibility/windows/native/jabswitch/jabswitch.cpp
+++ b/src/jdk.accessibility/windows/native/jabswitch/jabswitch.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -53,23 +53,6 @@ static LPCTSTR STR_ACCESSBRIDGE =
 FILE* origFile;
 FILE* tempFile;
 
-bool isXP()
-{
-    static bool isXPFlag = false;
-    OSVERSIONINFO  osvi;
-
-    // Initialize the OSVERSIONINFO structure.
-    ZeroMemory( &osvi, sizeof( osvi ) );
-    osvi.dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof( osvi );
-
-    GetVersionEx( &osvi );
-
-    if ( osvi.dwMajorVersion == 5 ) // For Windows XP and Windows 2000
-        isXPFlag = true;
-
-    return isXPFlag ;
-}
-
 void enableJAB() {
     // Copy lines from orig to temp modifying the line containing
     // assistive_technologies=
@@ -458,16 +441,14 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
                 enableWasRequested = true;
                 error = modify(true);
                 if (error == 0) {
-                   if( !isXP() )
-                      regEnable();
+                    regEnable();
                 }
             } else if (_stricmp(argv[1], "-disable") == 0 || _stricmp(argv[1], "/disable") == 0) {
                 badParams = false;
                 disableWasRequested = true;
                 error = modify(false);
                 if (error == 0) {
-                   if( !isXP() )
-                      regDisable();
+                    regDisable();
                 }
             }
         }

From 5bea309caa1e5747feca4957786e5595957316b9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jatin Bhateja <jbhateja@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2026 07:07:52 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 257/707] 8387698: C2 VectorAPI: Float16Vector::indexInRange
 hits: fatal error: Not monotonic

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, epeter
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp           |  5 ++
 .../TestFloat16VectorConvergence.java         | 60 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestFloat16VectorConvergence.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp
index 076a95acfd8..ef7b4d5aef3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp
@@ -465,6 +465,11 @@ const Type* CheckCastPPNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
   if (in_type != nullptr && my_type != nullptr) {
     TypePtr::PTR in_ptr = in_type->ptr();
     if (in_ptr == TypePtr::Null) {
+      // A null input cast to a type that cannot be null (e.g. NotNull) describes
+      // an impossible value: the join is empty, so the result must be TOP.
+      if (my_type->join_ptr(TypePtr::Null) == TypePtr::TopPTR) {
+        return Type::TOP;
+      }
       result = in_type;
     } else if (in_ptr != TypePtr::Constant) {
       result =  my_type->cast_to_ptr_type(my_type->join_ptr(in_ptr));
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestFloat16VectorConvergence.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestFloat16VectorConvergence.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9cf92af2644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestFloat16VectorConvergence.java
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package compiler.vectorapi;
+
+import jdk.incubator.vector.Float16Vector;
+import jdk.incubator.vector.VectorMask;
+
+import java.util.Random;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8387698
+ * @summary C2 VectorAPI: Float16Vector::indexInRange hits fatal error: Not monotonic.
+ * @modules jdk.incubator.vector
+ * @requires vm.debug == true
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-UncommonNullCast -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+public class TestFloat16VectorConvergence {
+
+    static Object test(long offset, long limit) {
+        boolean[] array = new boolean[16];
+        var v = VectorMask.fromArray(Float16Vector.SPECIES_256, array, 0);
+        return v.indexInRange(offset, limit);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Random random = new Random(0);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; i++) {
+            // A negative offset drives indexInRange into indexPartiallyInRange,
+            // which is where the un-foldable Float16 mask unbox is produced.
+            Object mask = test(-70368744177664L, random.nextLong());
+            if (mask == null) {
+                throw new AssertionError("Unexpected null result from indexInRange");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

From a15f693cb860e0b2208b3755cee222a03956067a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: April Ivy <ivyapril2005@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2026 08:44:52 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 258/707] 8387467: ZGC: Use shared thread-local
 _nmethod_disarmed_guard_value

Reviewed-by: aboldtch, ayang, eosterlund
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSet.cpp        |  4 ++--
 src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod.cpp |  4 ++++
 src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod.hpp |  4 +++-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/gcThreadLocalData.hpp |  4 ++--
 src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSet.cpp            |  3 ++-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSetNMethod.cpp     |  7 +------
 src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSetNMethod.hpp     |  3 +--
 src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zStackWatermark.cpp        |  7 +++++--
 src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zThreadLocalData.hpp       | 12 +-----------
 9 files changed, 21 insertions(+), 27 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSet.cpp
index a30b23ce2d9..1fd0317e8f1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSet.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ BarrierSet::BarrierSet(BarrierSetAssembler* barrier_set_assembler,
 
 void BarrierSet::on_thread_attach(Thread* thread) {
   BarrierSetNMethod* bs_nm = barrier_set_nmethod();
-  thread->set_nmethod_disarmed_guard_value(bs_nm->disarmed_guard_value());
+  bs_nm->set_thread_disarmed_guard_value(thread);
 }
 
 // Called from init.cpp
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod.cpp
index 2f7b79beab0..c36deb3446a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod.cpp
@@ -135,6 +135,10 @@ ByteSize BarrierSetNMethod::thread_disarmed_guard_value_offset() const {
   return Thread::nmethod_disarmed_guard_value_offset();
 }
 
+void BarrierSetNMethod::set_thread_disarmed_guard_value(Thread* thread) {
+  thread->set_nmethod_disarmed_guard_value(disarmed_guard_value());
+}
+
 class BarrierSetNMethodArmClosure : public ThreadClosure {
 private:
   int _disarmed_guard_value;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod.hpp
index 812763e429d..cd01ddda09c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod.hpp
@@ -54,9 +54,11 @@ class BarrierSetNMethod: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   bool supports_entry_barrier(nmethod* nm);
 
   virtual bool nmethod_entry_barrier(nmethod* nm);
-  virtual ByteSize thread_disarmed_guard_value_offset() const;
   virtual int* disarmed_guard_value_address() const;
 
+  ByteSize thread_disarmed_guard_value_offset() const;
+  void set_thread_disarmed_guard_value(Thread* thread);
+
   int disarmed_guard_value() const;
 
   static int nmethod_stub_entry_barrier(address* return_address_ptr);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/gcThreadLocalData.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/gcThreadLocalData.hpp
index 2847cd8bf33..b0659c58390 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/gcThreadLocalData.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/gcThreadLocalData.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -40,6 +40,6 @@
 // should consider placing frequently accessed fields first in
 // T, so that field offsets relative to Thread are small, which
 // often allows for a more compact instruction encoding.
-typedef uint64_t GCThreadLocalData[40]; // 320 bytes
+typedef uint64_t GCThreadLocalData[39]; // 312 bytes
 
 #endif // SHARE_GC_SHARED_GCTHREADLOCALDATA_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSet.cpp
index f6f99672886..c5d6fc5a9b1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSet.cpp
@@ -251,13 +251,14 @@ void ZBarrierSet::on_thread_destroy(Thread* thread) {
 }
 
 void ZBarrierSet::on_thread_attach(Thread* thread) {
+  BarrierSet::on_thread_attach(thread);
+
   // Set thread local masks
   ZThreadLocalData::set_load_bad_mask(thread, ZPointerLoadBadMask);
   ZThreadLocalData::set_load_good_mask(thread, ZPointerLoadGoodMask);
   ZThreadLocalData::set_mark_bad_mask(thread, ZPointerMarkBadMask);
   ZThreadLocalData::set_store_bad_mask(thread, ZPointerStoreBadMask);
   ZThreadLocalData::set_store_good_mask(thread, ZPointerStoreGoodMask);
-  ZThreadLocalData::set_nmethod_disarmed(thread, ZPointerStoreGoodMask);
   if (thread->is_Java_thread()) {
     JavaThread* const jt = JavaThread::cast(thread);
     StackWatermark* const watermark = new ZStackWatermark(jt);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSetNMethod.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSetNMethod.cpp
index a439b3a167b..6e89c5a1032 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSetNMethod.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSetNMethod.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@
 #include "gc/z/zLock.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/z/zNMethod.hpp"
 #include "gc/z/zResurrection.inline.hpp"
-#include "gc/z/zThreadLocalData.hpp"
 #include "gc/z/zUncoloredRoot.inline.hpp"
 #include "logging/log.hpp"
 #include "runtime/icache.hpp"
@@ -98,10 +97,6 @@ int* ZBarrierSetNMethod::disarmed_guard_value_address() const {
   return (int*)ZPointerStoreGoodMaskLowOrderBitsAddr;
 }
 
-ByteSize ZBarrierSetNMethod::thread_disarmed_guard_value_offset() const {
-  return ZThreadLocalData::nmethod_disarmed_offset();
-}
-
 oop ZBarrierSetNMethod::oop_load_no_keepalive(const nmethod* nm, int index) {
   return ZNMethod::oop_load_no_keepalive(nm, index);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSetNMethod.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSetNMethod.hpp
index c7bbe35e17d..304be1f0a88 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSetNMethod.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSetNMethod.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ class ZBarrierSetNMethod : public BarrierSetNMethod {
 public:
   uintptr_t color(nmethod* nm);
 
-  virtual ByteSize thread_disarmed_guard_value_offset() const;
   virtual int* disarmed_guard_value_address() const;
 
   virtual oop oop_load_no_keepalive(const nmethod* nm, int index);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zStackWatermark.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zStackWatermark.cpp
index 4a50dea0cec..de57ea974f3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zStackWatermark.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zStackWatermark.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 #include "gc/z/zAddress.hpp"
 #include "gc/z/zBarrier.inline.hpp"
+#include "gc/z/zBarrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/z/zGeneration.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/z/zStackWatermark.hpp"
 #include "gc/z/zStoreBarrierBuffer.hpp"
@@ -189,7 +190,9 @@ void ZStackWatermark::start_processing_impl(void* context) {
   ZThreadLocalData::set_mark_bad_mask(_jt, ZPointerMarkBadMask);
   ZThreadLocalData::set_store_bad_mask(_jt, ZPointerStoreBadMask);
   ZThreadLocalData::set_store_good_mask(_jt, ZPointerStoreGoodMask);
-  ZThreadLocalData::set_nmethod_disarmed(_jt, ZPointerStoreGoodMask);
+
+  // Update thread-local nmethod disarmed guard value
+  BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_nmethod()->set_thread_disarmed_guard_value(_jt);
 
   // Retire TLAB
   if (ZGeneration::young()->is_phase_mark() || ZGeneration::old()->is_phase_mark()) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zThreadLocalData.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zThreadLocalData.hpp
index a141fd8f83a..297d57c2cfe 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zThreadLocalData.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zThreadLocalData.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ class ZThreadLocalData {
   uintptr_t              _mark_bad_mask;
   uintptr_t              _store_good_mask;
   uintptr_t              _store_bad_mask;
-  uintptr_t              _nmethod_disarmed;
   ZStoreBarrierBuffer*   _store_barrier_buffer;
   ZMarkThreadLocalStacks _mark_stacks[2];
   zaddress_unsafe*       _invisible_root;
@@ -50,7 +49,6 @@ class ZThreadLocalData {
       _mark_bad_mask(0),
       _store_good_mask(0),
       _store_bad_mask(0),
-      _nmethod_disarmed(0),
       _store_barrier_buffer(new ZStoreBarrierBuffer()),
       _mark_stacks(),
       _invisible_root(nullptr) {}
@@ -92,10 +90,6 @@ class ZThreadLocalData {
     data(thread)->_store_good_mask = mask;
   }
 
-  static void set_nmethod_disarmed(Thread* thread, uintptr_t value) {
-    data(thread)->_nmethod_disarmed = value;
-  }
-
   static ZMarkThreadLocalStacks* mark_stacks(Thread* thread, ZGenerationId id) {
     return &data(thread)->_mark_stacks[(int)id];
   }
@@ -134,10 +128,6 @@ class ZThreadLocalData {
     return Thread::gc_data_offset() + byte_offset_of(ZThreadLocalData, _store_good_mask);
   }
 
-  static ByteSize nmethod_disarmed_offset() {
-    return Thread::gc_data_offset() + byte_offset_of(ZThreadLocalData, _nmethod_disarmed);
-  }
-
   static ByteSize store_barrier_buffer_offset() {
     return Thread::gc_data_offset() + byte_offset_of(ZThreadLocalData, _store_barrier_buffer);
   }

From 026a63d0d941abc50b4ecbecca1668a93fa6963a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Harshit Dhiman <hdhiman@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2026 11:08:58 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 259/707] 8388285: [s390] compP_reg_mem is missing the
 barrier_data() == 0 predicate

Reviewed-by: amitkumar, aph
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
index 256e39b03c2..5f33cf4fa77 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
@@ -8786,6 +8786,7 @@ instruct compP_decode_reg_imm0(flagsReg cr, iRegN op1, immP0 op2) %{
 
 instruct compP_reg_mem(iRegP dst, memory src, flagsReg cr)%{
   match(Set cr (CmpP dst (LoadP src)));
+  predicate(n->in(2)->as_Load()->barrier_data() == 0);
   ins_cost(MEMORY_REF_COST);
   size(Z_DISP3_SIZE);
   format %{ "CLG     $dst, $src\t # ptr" %}

From 9601cfb31b7b489db10fc3523de0e5d86cd2faed Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dingli Zhang <dzhang@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2026 13:18:05 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 260/707] 8388399: RISC-V: Enable vector FP16 conversions with
 Zvfhmin

Reviewed-by: fyang, wenanjian
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp       |   1 +
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad              |   1 +
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.hpp    | 147 +++++++++---------
 .../os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp      |   3 +
 4 files changed, 80 insertions(+), 72 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp
index d399bc13082..a7f0da42f4e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp
@@ -120,6 +120,7 @@ define_pd_global(intx, InlineSmallCode,          1000);
   product(bool, UseZvbb, false, DIAGNOSTIC, "Use Zvbb instructions")             \
   product(bool, UseZvbc, false, EXPERIMENTAL, "Use Zvbc instructions")           \
   product(bool, UseZvfh, false, DIAGNOSTIC, "Use Zvfh instructions")             \
+  product(bool, UseZvfhmin, false, DIAGNOSTIC, "Use Zvfhmin instructions")       \
   product(bool, UseZvkg, false, DIAGNOSTIC, "Use Zvkg instructions")             \
   product(bool, UseZvkn, false, DIAGNOSTIC,                                      \
           "Use Zvkn group extension, Zvkned, Zvknhb, Zvkb, Zvkt")                \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad
index a0af43364cb..2a63221de04 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad
@@ -113,6 +113,7 @@ source %{
         break;
       case Op_VectorCastHF2F:
       case Op_VectorCastF2HF:
+        return UseZvfh || UseZvfhmin;
       case Op_AddVHF:
       case Op_SubVHF:
       case Op_MulVHF:
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.hpp
index 11a88dfedd7..e5d925d1bea 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.hpp
@@ -219,78 +219,80 @@ class VM_Version : public Abstract_VM_Version {
   //
   // Fields description in `decl`:
   //    declaration name, extension name, bit value from linux, feature string?, mapped flag)
-  #define RV_EXT_FEATURE_FLAGS(decl)                                                                   \
-  /* A Atomic Instructions */                                                                          \
-  decl(a           ,     ('A' - 'A'),  true ,  NO_UPDATE_DEFAULT)                                      \
-  /* C Compressed Instructions */                                                                      \
-  decl(c           ,     ('C' - 'A'),  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseRVC))                                 \
-  /* D Single-Precision Floating-Point */                                                              \
-  decl(d           ,     ('D' - 'A'),  true ,  NO_UPDATE_DEFAULT)                                      \
-  /* F Single-Precision Floating-Point */                                                              \
-  decl(f           ,     ('F' - 'A'),  true ,  NO_UPDATE_DEFAULT)                                      \
-  /* H Hypervisor */                                                                                   \
-  decl(h           ,     ('H' - 'A'),  true ,  NO_UPDATE_DEFAULT)                                      \
-  /* I RV64I */                                                                                        \
-  decl(i           ,     ('I' - 'A'),  true ,  NO_UPDATE_DEFAULT)                                      \
-  /* M Integer Multiplication and Division */                                                          \
-  decl(m           ,     ('M' - 'A'),  true ,  NO_UPDATE_DEFAULT)                                      \
-  /* Q Quad-Precision Floating-Point */                                                                \
-  decl(q           ,     ('Q' - 'A'),  true ,  NO_UPDATE_DEFAULT)                                      \
-  /* V Vector */                                                                                       \
-  decl(v           ,     ('V' - 'A'),  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseRVV))                                 \
-                                                                                                       \
-  /* ----------------------- Other extensions ----------------------- */                               \
-                                                                                                       \
-  /* Atomic compare-and-swap (CAS) instructions */                                                     \
-  decl(Zacas       ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZacas))                               \
-  /* Zba Address generation instructions */                                                            \
-  decl(Zba         ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZba))                                 \
-  /* Zbb Basic bit-manipulation */                                                                     \
-  decl(Zbb         ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZbb))                                 \
-  /* Zbc Carry-less multiplication */                                                                  \
-  decl(Zbc         ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  NO_UPDATE_DEFAULT)                                      \
-  /* Bitmanip instructions for Cryptography */                                                         \
-  decl(Zbkb        ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZbkb))                                \
-  /* Zbs Single-bit instructions */                                                                    \
-  decl(Zbs         ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZbs))                                 \
-  /* Zcb Simple code-size saving instructions */                                                       \
-  decl(Zcb         ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZcb))                                 \
-  /* Additional Floating-Point instructions */                                                         \
-  decl(Zfa         ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZfa))                                 \
-  /* Zfh Half-Precision Floating-Point instructions */                                                 \
-  decl(Zfh         ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZfh))                                 \
-  /* Zfhmin Minimal Half-Precision Floating-Point instructions */                                      \
-  decl(Zfhmin      ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZfhmin))                              \
-  /* Zicbom Cache Block Management Operations */                                                       \
-  decl(Zicbom      ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZicbom))                              \
-  /* Zicbop Cache Block Prefetch Operations */                                                         \
-  decl(Zicbop      ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZicbop))                              \
-  /* Zicboz Cache Block Zero Operations */                                                             \
-  decl(Zicboz      ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZicboz))                              \
-  /* Base Counters and Timers */                                                                       \
-  decl(Zicntr      ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  NO_UPDATE_DEFAULT)                                      \
-  /* Zicond Conditional operations */                                                                  \
-  decl(Zicond      ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZicond))                              \
-  /* Zicsr Control and Status Register (CSR) Instructions */                                           \
-  decl(Zicsr       ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  NO_UPDATE_DEFAULT)                                      \
-  /* Zic64b Cache blocks must be 64 bytes in size, naturally aligned in the address space. */          \
-  decl(Zic64b      ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZic64b))                              \
-  /* Zifencei Instruction-Fetch Fence */                                                               \
-  decl(Zifencei    ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  NO_UPDATE_DEFAULT)                                      \
-  /* Zihintpause Pause instruction HINT */                                                             \
-  decl(Zihintpause ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZihintpause))                         \
-  /* Total Store Ordering */                                                                           \
-  decl(Ztso        ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZtso))                                \
-  /* Vector Basic Bit-manipulation */                                                                  \
-  decl(Zvbb        ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT_DEP(UseZvbb, &ext_v, nullptr))           \
-  /* Vector Carryless Multiplication */                                                                \
-  decl(Zvbc        ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT_DEP(UseZvbc, &ext_v, nullptr))           \
-  /* Vector Extension for Half-Precision Floating-Point */                                             \
-  decl(Zvfh        ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT_DEP(UseZvfh, &ext_v, &ext_Zfh, nullptr)) \
-  /* Shorthand for Zvkned + Zvknhb + Zvkb + Zvkt */                                                    \
-  decl(Zvkn        ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT_DEP(UseZvkn, &ext_v, nullptr))           \
-  /* Zvkg crypto extension for ghash and gcm */                                                        \
-  decl(Zvkg        ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT_DEP(UseZvkg, &ext_v, nullptr))           \
+  #define RV_EXT_FEATURE_FLAGS(decl)                                                                      \
+  /* A Atomic Instructions */                                                                             \
+  decl(a           ,     ('A' - 'A'),  true ,  NO_UPDATE_DEFAULT)                                         \
+  /* C Compressed Instructions */                                                                         \
+  decl(c           ,     ('C' - 'A'),  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseRVC))                                    \
+  /* D Single-Precision Floating-Point */                                                                 \
+  decl(d           ,     ('D' - 'A'),  true ,  NO_UPDATE_DEFAULT)                                         \
+  /* F Single-Precision Floating-Point */                                                                 \
+  decl(f           ,     ('F' - 'A'),  true ,  NO_UPDATE_DEFAULT)                                         \
+  /* H Hypervisor */                                                                                      \
+  decl(h           ,     ('H' - 'A'),  true ,  NO_UPDATE_DEFAULT)                                         \
+  /* I RV64I */                                                                                           \
+  decl(i           ,     ('I' - 'A'),  true ,  NO_UPDATE_DEFAULT)                                         \
+  /* M Integer Multiplication and Division */                                                             \
+  decl(m           ,     ('M' - 'A'),  true ,  NO_UPDATE_DEFAULT)                                         \
+  /* Q Quad-Precision Floating-Point */                                                                   \
+  decl(q           ,     ('Q' - 'A'),  true ,  NO_UPDATE_DEFAULT)                                         \
+  /* V Vector */                                                                                          \
+  decl(v           ,     ('V' - 'A'),  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseRVV))                                    \
+                                                                                                          \
+  /* ----------------------- Other extensions ----------------------- */                                  \
+                                                                                                          \
+  /* Atomic compare-and-swap (CAS) instructions */                                                        \
+  decl(Zacas       ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZacas))                                  \
+  /* Zba Address generation instructions */                                                               \
+  decl(Zba         ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZba))                                    \
+  /* Zbb Basic bit-manipulation */                                                                        \
+  decl(Zbb         ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZbb))                                    \
+  /* Zbc Carry-less multiplication */                                                                     \
+  decl(Zbc         ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  NO_UPDATE_DEFAULT)                                         \
+  /* Bitmanip instructions for Cryptography */                                                            \
+  decl(Zbkb        ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZbkb))                                   \
+  /* Zbs Single-bit instructions */                                                                       \
+  decl(Zbs         ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZbs))                                    \
+  /* Zcb Simple code-size saving instructions */                                                          \
+  decl(Zcb         ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZcb))                                    \
+  /* Additional Floating-Point instructions */                                                            \
+  decl(Zfa         ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZfa))                                    \
+  /* Zfh Half-Precision Floating-Point instructions */                                                    \
+  decl(Zfh         ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZfh))                                    \
+  /* Zfhmin Minimal Half-Precision Floating-Point instructions */                                         \
+  decl(Zfhmin      ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZfhmin))                                 \
+  /* Zicbom Cache Block Management Operations */                                                          \
+  decl(Zicbom      ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZicbom))                                 \
+  /* Zicbop Cache Block Prefetch Operations */                                                            \
+  decl(Zicbop      ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZicbop))                                 \
+  /* Zicboz Cache Block Zero Operations */                                                                \
+  decl(Zicboz      ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZicboz))                                 \
+  /* Base Counters and Timers */                                                                          \
+  decl(Zicntr      ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  NO_UPDATE_DEFAULT)                                         \
+  /* Zicond Conditional operations */                                                                     \
+  decl(Zicond      ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZicond))                                 \
+  /* Zicsr Control and Status Register (CSR) Instructions */                                              \
+  decl(Zicsr       ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  NO_UPDATE_DEFAULT)                                         \
+  /* Zic64b Cache blocks must be 64 bytes in size, naturally aligned in the address space. */             \
+  decl(Zic64b      ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZic64b))                                 \
+  /* Zifencei Instruction-Fetch Fence */                                                                  \
+  decl(Zifencei    ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  NO_UPDATE_DEFAULT)                                         \
+  /* Zihintpause Pause instruction HINT */                                                                \
+  decl(Zihintpause ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZihintpause))                            \
+  /* Total Store Ordering */                                                                              \
+  decl(Ztso        ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT(UseZtso))                                   \
+  /* Vector Basic Bit-manipulation */                                                                     \
+  decl(Zvbb        ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT_DEP(UseZvbb, &ext_v, nullptr))              \
+  /* Vector Carryless Multiplication */                                                                   \
+  decl(Zvbc        ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT_DEP(UseZvbc, &ext_v, nullptr))              \
+  /* Vector Extension for Half-Precision Floating-Point */                                                \
+  decl(Zvfh        ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT_DEP(UseZvfh, &ext_v, &ext_Zfhmin, nullptr)) \
+  /* Vector Extension for Minimal Half-Precision Floating-Point */                                        \
+  decl(Zvfhmin     ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT_DEP(UseZvfhmin, &ext_v, nullptr))           \
+  /* Shorthand for Zvkned + Zvknhb + Zvkb + Zvkt */                                                       \
+  decl(Zvkn        ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT_DEP(UseZvkn, &ext_v, nullptr))              \
+  /* Zvkg crypto extension for ghash and gcm */                                                           \
+  decl(Zvkg        ,  RV_NO_FLAG_BIT,  true ,  UPDATE_DEFAULT_DEP(UseZvkg, &ext_v, nullptr))              \
 
   #define DECLARE_RV_EXT_FEATURE(PRETTY, LINUX_BIT, FSTRING, FLAGF)                             \
   struct ext_##PRETTY##RVExtFeatureValue : public RVExtFeatureValue {                           \
@@ -442,6 +444,7 @@ class VM_Version : public Abstract_VM_Version {
     RV_ENABLE_EXTENSION(UseZicboz)                  \
     RV_ENABLE_EXTENSION(UseZicond)                  \
     RV_ENABLE_EXTENSION(UseZihintpause)             \
+    RV_ENABLE_EXTENSION(UseZvfhmin)                 \
 
   static void useRVA23U64Profile();
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp
index fe555ec5ffb..bbefd4ba50d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp
@@ -247,6 +247,9 @@ void RiscvHwprobe::add_features_from_query_result() {
   if (is_set(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_0, RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVFH)) {
     VM_Version::ext_Zvfh.enable_feature();
   }
+  if (is_set(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_0, RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVFHMIN)) {
+    VM_Version::ext_Zvfhmin.enable_feature();
+  }
   if (is_set(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_0, RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVKNED) &&
       is_set(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_0, RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVKNHB) &&
       is_set(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_0, RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVKB)   &&

From 9e9fae6584c8865c20542303e9349a0799888330 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Stuefe <stuefe@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2026 13:44:59 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 261/707] 8387652: [aarch64] Fallback mode for narrow klass
 decoding

Reviewed-by: aph, adinn, rkennke, galder
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad            |   8 +-
 .../cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp   |  42 ++--
 .../cpu/aarch64/c1_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp |   2 +-
 .../cpu/aarch64/c1_Runtime1_aarch64.cpp       |   6 +-
 .../cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp |   2 +-
 .../cpu/aarch64/compressedKlass_aarch64.cpp   |   8 +-
 .../cpu/aarch64/interp_masm_aarch64.cpp       |   2 +-
 .../cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp    | 195 ++++++++----------
 .../cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp    |  55 ++---
 .../cpu/aarch64/methodHandles_aarch64.cpp     |   6 +-
 .../cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp     |  12 +-
 .../cpu/aarch64/templateTable_aarch64.cpp     |  26 +--
 .../cpu/aarch64/vtableStubs_aarch64.cpp       |   4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp        |  26 +--
 src/hotspot/share/memory/metaspace.cpp        |   3 +-
 src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.cpp    |  21 +-
 src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.hpp    |  11 +-
 .../gtest/aarch64/test_assembler_aarch64.cpp  | 139 +++++++++++++
 test/hotspot/jtreg/gtest/AssemblerGtests.java |  51 +++++
 ...CompressedClassPointersEncodingScheme.java | 115 ++++-------
 .../AccessZeroNKlassHitsProtectionZone.java   |   2 +-
 21 files changed, 420 insertions(+), 316 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/gtest/AssemblerGtests.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad
index be9d79d03c7..37c8e0ae011 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad
@@ -8228,7 +8228,7 @@ instruct encodeKlass_not_null(iRegNNoSp dst, iRegP src) %{
   ins_encode %{
     Register src_reg = as_Register($src$$reg);
     Register dst_reg = as_Register($dst$$reg);
-    __ encode_klass_not_null(dst_reg, src_reg);
+    __ encode_klass_not_null(dst_reg, src_reg, rscratch1);
   %}
 
    ins_pipe(ialu_reg);
@@ -8243,11 +8243,7 @@ instruct decodeKlass_not_null(iRegPNoSp dst, iRegN src) %{
   ins_encode %{
     Register src_reg = as_Register($src$$reg);
     Register dst_reg = as_Register($dst$$reg);
-    if (dst_reg != src_reg) {
-      __ decode_klass_not_null(dst_reg, src_reg);
-    } else {
-      __ decode_klass_not_null(dst_reg);
-    }
+    __ decode_klass_not_null(dst_reg, src_reg, rscratch1);
   %}
 
    ins_pipe(ialu_reg);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 0290a200366..5b77d15457f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -1324,7 +1324,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_typecheck_helper(LIR_OpTypeCheck *op, Label* success, L
     __ bind(not_null);
 
     Register recv = k_RInfo;
-    __ load_klass(recv, obj);
+    __ load_klass(recv, obj, rscratch1);
     type_profile_helper(mdo, md, data, recv);
   } else {
     __ cbz(obj, *obj_is_null);
@@ -1340,15 +1340,15 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_typecheck_helper(LIR_OpTypeCheck *op, Label* success, L
   if (op->fast_check()) {
     // get object class
     // not a safepoint as obj null check happens earlier
-    __ load_klass(rscratch1, obj);
-    __ cmp( rscratch1, k_RInfo);
+    __ load_klass(rscratch2, obj, rscratch1);
+    __ cmp( rscratch2, k_RInfo);
 
     __ br(Assembler::NE, *failure_target);
     // successful cast, fall through to profile or jump
   } else {
     // get object class
     // not a safepoint as obj null check happens earlier
-    __ load_klass(klass_RInfo, obj);
+    __ load_klass(klass_RInfo, obj, rscratch1);
     if (k->is_loaded()) {
       // See if we get an immediate positive hit
       __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(klass_RInfo, int64_t(k->super_check_offset())));
@@ -1433,15 +1433,15 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_opTypeCheck(LIR_OpTypeCheck* op) {
       __ bind(not_null);
 
       Register recv = k_RInfo;
-      __ load_klass(recv, value);
+      __ load_klass(recv, value, rscratch1);
       type_profile_helper(mdo, md, data, recv);
     } else {
       __ cbz(value, done);
     }
 
     add_debug_info_for_null_check_here(op->info_for_exception());
-    __ load_klass(k_RInfo, array);
-    __ load_klass(klass_RInfo, value);
+    __ load_klass(k_RInfo, array, rscratch1);
+    __ load_klass(klass_RInfo, value, rscratch1);
 
     // get instance klass (it's already uncompressed)
     __ ldr(k_RInfo, Address(k_RInfo, ObjArrayKlass::element_klass_offset()));
@@ -2258,14 +2258,14 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_arraycopy(LIR_OpArrayCopy* op) {
   // an instance type.
   if (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::type_check) {
     if (!(flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::LIR_OpArrayCopy::dst_objarray)) {
-      __ load_klass(tmp, dst);
+      __ load_klass(tmp, dst, rscratch1);
       __ ldrw(rscratch1, Address(tmp, in_bytes(Klass::layout_helper_offset())));
       __ cmpw(rscratch1, Klass::_lh_neutral_value);
       __ br(Assembler::GE, *stub->entry());
     }
 
     if (!(flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::LIR_OpArrayCopy::src_objarray)) {
-      __ load_klass(tmp, src);
+      __ load_klass(tmp, src, rscratch1);
       __ ldrw(rscratch1, Address(tmp, in_bytes(Klass::layout_helper_offset())));
       __ cmpw(rscratch1, Klass::_lh_neutral_value);
       __ br(Assembler::GE, *stub->entry());
@@ -2319,8 +2319,8 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_arraycopy(LIR_OpArrayCopy* op) {
 
       __ PUSH(src, dst);
 
-      __ load_klass(src, src);
-      __ load_klass(dst, dst);
+      __ load_klass(src, src, rscratch1);
+      __ load_klass(dst, dst, rscratch1);
 
       __ check_klass_subtype_fast_path(src, dst, tmp, &cont, &slow, nullptr);
 
@@ -2344,9 +2344,9 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_arraycopy(LIR_OpArrayCopy* op) {
           assert(flags & mask, "one of the two should be known to be an object array");
 
           if (!(flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::src_objarray)) {
-            __ load_klass(tmp, src);
+            __ load_klass(tmp, src, rscratch1);
           } else if (!(flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::dst_objarray)) {
-            __ load_klass(tmp, dst);
+            __ load_klass(tmp, dst, rscratch1);
           }
           int lh_offset = in_bytes(Klass::layout_helper_offset());
           Address klass_lh_addr(tmp, lh_offset);
@@ -2372,7 +2372,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_arraycopy(LIR_OpArrayCopy* op) {
         __ uxtw(c_rarg2, length);
         assert_different_registers(c_rarg2, dst);
 
-        __ load_klass(c_rarg4, dst);
+        __ load_klass(c_rarg4, dst, rscratch1);
         __ ldr(c_rarg4, Address(c_rarg4, ObjArrayKlass::element_klass_offset()));
         __ ldrw(c_rarg3, Address(c_rarg4, Klass::super_check_offset_offset()));
         __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(copyfunc_addr));
@@ -2428,12 +2428,12 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_arraycopy(LIR_OpArrayCopy* op) {
     __ mov_metadata(tmp, default_type->constant_encoding());
 
     if (basic_type != T_OBJECT) {
-      __ cmp_klass(dst, tmp, rscratch1);
+      __ cmp_klass(dst, tmp, rscratch1, rscratch2);
       __ br(Assembler::NE, halt);
-      __ cmp_klass(src, tmp, rscratch1);
+      __ cmp_klass(src, tmp, rscratch1, rscratch2);
       __ br(Assembler::EQ, known_ok);
     } else {
-      __ cmp_klass(dst, tmp, rscratch1);
+      __ cmp_klass(dst, tmp, rscratch1, rscratch2);
       __ br(Assembler::EQ, known_ok);
       __ cmp(src, dst);
       __ br(Assembler::EQ, known_ok);
@@ -2508,7 +2508,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_load_klass(LIR_OpLoadKlass* op) {
     add_debug_info_for_null_check_here(info);
   }
 
-  __ load_klass(result, obj);
+  __ load_klass(result, obj, rscratch1);
 }
 
 void LIR_Assembler::emit_profile_call(LIR_OpProfileCall* op) {
@@ -2550,7 +2550,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_profile_call(LIR_OpProfileCall* op) {
       // Fall back to runtime helper to handle the rest at runtime.
       __ mov_metadata(recv, known_klass->constant_encoding());
     } else {
-      __ load_klass(recv, recv);
+      __ load_klass(recv, recv, rscratch1);
     }
     type_profile_helper(mdo, md, data, recv);
   } else {
@@ -2636,7 +2636,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_profile_type(LIR_OpProfileType* op) {
 #ifdef ASSERT
     if (exact_klass != nullptr) {
       Label ok;
-      __ load_klass(tmp, tmp);
+      __ load_klass(tmp, tmp, rscratch1);
       __ mov_metadata(rscratch1, exact_klass->constant_encoding());
       __ eor(rscratch1, tmp, rscratch1);
       __ cbz(rscratch1, ok);
@@ -2649,7 +2649,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_profile_type(LIR_OpProfileType* op) {
         if (exact_klass != nullptr) {
           __ mov_metadata(tmp, exact_klass->constant_encoding());
         } else {
-          __ load_klass(tmp, tmp);
+          __ load_klass(tmp, tmp, rscratch1);
         }
 
         __ ldr(rscratch2, mdo_addr);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 89a9422ea48..f81c976d291 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::initialize_header(Register obj, Register klass, Register
   } else {
     mov(t1, checked_cast<int32_t>(markWord::prototype().value()));
     str(t1, Address(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
-    encode_klass_not_null(t1, klass); // Take care not to kill klass
+    encode_klass_not_null(t1, klass, t1); // Take care not to kill klass
     strw(t1, Address(obj, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()));
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_Runtime1_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_Runtime1_aarch64.cpp
index 449ad4f8a4c..1745bb8aae9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_Runtime1_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_Runtime1_aarch64.cpp
@@ -824,7 +824,7 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
         // load the klass and check the has finalizer flag
         Label register_finalizer;
         Register t = r5;
-        __ load_klass(t, r0);
+        __ load_klass(t, r0, rscratch1);
         __ ldrb(t, Address(t, Klass::misc_flags_offset()));
         __ tbnz(t, exact_log2(KlassFlags::_misc_has_finalizer), register_finalizer);
         __ ret(lr);
@@ -947,7 +947,7 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
         __ br(Assembler::EQ, is_secondary); // Klass is a secondary superclass
 
         // Klass is a concrete class
-        __ load_klass(r5, obj);
+        __ load_klass(r5, obj, rscratch1);
         __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(r5, r3));
         __ cmp(klass, rscratch1);
         __ cset(result, Assembler::EQ);
@@ -955,7 +955,7 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
 
         __ bind(is_secondary);
 
-        __ load_klass(obj, obj);
+        __ load_klass(obj, obj, rscratch1);
 
         // This is necessary because I am never in my own secondary_super list.
         __ cmp(obj, klass);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index fe9180bda5c..3321fcc4edb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box, Register t1,
   }
 
   if (DiagnoseSyncOnValueBasedClasses != 0) {
-    load_klass(t1, obj);
+    load_klass(t1, obj, rscratch2);
     ldrb(t1, Address(t1, Klass::misc_flags_offset()));
     tst(t1, KlassFlags::_misc_is_value_based_class);
     br(Assembler::NE, slow_path);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/compressedKlass_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/compressedKlass_aarch64.cpp
index 3874c8cd54e..7cc2a004c40 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/compressedKlass_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/compressedKlass_aarch64.cpp
@@ -120,11 +120,7 @@ char* CompressedKlassPointers::reserve_address_space_for_compressed_classes(size
   return result;
 }
 
-bool CompressedKlassPointers::check_klass_decode_mode(address base, int shift, const size_t range) {
-  return MacroAssembler::check_klass_decode_mode(base, shift, range);
-}
-
-bool CompressedKlassPointers::set_klass_decode_mode() {
+void CompressedKlassPointers::initialize_pd() {
   const size_t range = klass_range_end() - base();
-  return MacroAssembler::set_klass_decode_mode(_base, _shift, range);
+  MacroAssembler::initialize_klass_decode_mode(_base, _shift, range);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/interp_masm_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/interp_masm_aarch64.cpp
index 22c2383816c..0da237c133f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/interp_masm_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/interp_masm_aarch64.cpp
@@ -1403,7 +1403,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_obj_type(Register obj, const Address& md
   b(next);
 
   bind(update);
-  load_klass(obj, obj);
+  load_klass(obj, obj, rscratch1);
 
   ldr(rscratch1, mdo_addr);
   eor(obj, obj, rscratch1);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index f2208aa0ad6..527e79459ec 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 
 #include "asm/assembler.hpp"
 #include "asm/assembler.inline.hpp"
+#include "cds/archiveBuilder.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciEnv.hpp"
 #include "code/compiledIC.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compileTask.hpp"
@@ -5115,9 +5116,9 @@ void MacroAssembler::load_narrow_klass(Register dst, Register src) {
   }
 }
 
-void MacroAssembler::load_klass(Register dst, Register src) {
+void MacroAssembler::load_klass(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp) {
   load_narrow_klass(dst, src);
-  decode_klass_not_null(dst);
+  decode_klass_not_null(dst, dst, tmp);
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::restore_cpu_control_state_after_jni(Register tmp1, Register tmp2) {
@@ -5167,8 +5168,8 @@ void MacroAssembler::load_mirror(Register dst, Register method, Register tmp1, R
   resolve_oop_handle(dst, tmp1, tmp2);
 }
 
-void MacroAssembler::cmp_klass(Register obj, Register klass, Register tmp) {
-  assert_different_registers(obj, klass, tmp);
+void MacroAssembler::cmp_klass(Register obj, Register klass, Register tmp, Register tmp2) {
+  assert_different_registers(obj, klass, tmp, tmp2);
   if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
     load_narrow_klass_compact(tmp, obj);
   } else {
@@ -5184,7 +5185,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::cmp_klass(Register obj, Register klass, Register tmp) {
     cmpw(klass, tmp);
     return;
   }
-  decode_klass_not_null(tmp);
+  decode_klass_not_null(tmp, tmp, tmp2);
   cmp(klass, tmp);
 }
 
@@ -5199,11 +5200,11 @@ void MacroAssembler::cmp_klasses_from_objects(Register obj1, Register obj2, Regi
   cmpw(tmp1, tmp2);
 }
 
-void MacroAssembler::store_klass(Register dst, Register src) {
+void MacroAssembler::store_klass(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp) {
   // FIXME: Should this be a store release?  concurrent gcs assumes
   // klass length is valid if klass field is not null.
   assert(!UseCompactObjectHeaders, "not with compact headers");
-  encode_klass_not_null(src);
+  encode_klass_not_null(src, src, tmp);
   strw(src, Address(dst, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()));
 }
 
@@ -5356,8 +5357,6 @@ MacroAssembler::KlassDecodeMode MacroAssembler::klass_decode_mode() {
 }
 
 MacroAssembler::KlassDecodeMode  MacroAssembler::klass_decode_mode(address base, int shift, const size_t range) {
-  // KlassDecodeMode shouldn't be set already.
-  assert(_klass_decode_mode == KlassDecodeNone, "set once");
 
   if (base == nullptr) {
     return KlassDecodeZero;
@@ -5377,148 +5376,128 @@ MacroAssembler::KlassDecodeMode  MacroAssembler::klass_decode_mode(address base,
     return KlassDecodeMovk;
   }
 
-  // No valid encoding.
-  return KlassDecodeNone;
-}
-
-// Check if one of the above decoding modes will work for given base, shift and range.
-bool MacroAssembler::check_klass_decode_mode(address base, int shift, const size_t range) {
-  return klass_decode_mode(base, shift, range) != KlassDecodeNone;
+  return KlassDecodeFallback;
 }
 
-bool MacroAssembler::set_klass_decode_mode(address base, int shift, const size_t range) {
+void MacroAssembler::initialize_klass_decode_mode(address base, int shift, const size_t range) {
+  // KlassDecodeMode shouldn't be set already.
+  assert(_klass_decode_mode == KlassDecodeNone, "set once");
   _klass_decode_mode = klass_decode_mode(base, shift, range);
-  return _klass_decode_mode != KlassDecodeNone;
+  log_info(metaspace)("Klass Decode Mode: %d", (int)_klass_decode_mode);
 }
 
-static Register pick_different_tmp(Register dst, Register src) {
-  auto tmps = RegSet::of(r0, r1, r2) - RegSet::of(src, dst);
-  return *tmps.begin();
+void MacroAssembler::encode_klass_not_null(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp) {
+  emit_encode_klass_not_null(dst, src, tmp, CompressedKlassPointers::base(),
+                             CompressedKlassPointers::shift(), klass_decode_mode());
 }
 
-void MacroAssembler::encode_klass_not_null_for_aot(Register dst, Register src) {
-  // we have to load the klass base from the AOT constants area but
-  // not the shift because it is not allowed to change
-  int shift = CompressedKlassPointers::shift();
-  assert(shift >= 0 && shift <= CompressedKlassPointers::max_shift(), "unexpected compressed klass shift!");
-  if (dst != src) {
-    // we can load the base into dst, subtract it formthe src and shift down
-    lea(dst, ExternalAddress(CompressedKlassPointers::base_addr()));
-    ldr(dst, dst);
-    sub(dst, src, dst);
-    lsr(dst, dst, shift);
-  } else {
-    // we need an extra register in order to load the coop base
-    Register tmp = pick_different_tmp(dst, src);
-    RegSet regs = RegSet::of(tmp);
-    push(regs, sp);
+void MacroAssembler::emit_encode_klass_not_null(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp,
+                                                address base, int shift, KlassDecodeMode decode_mode) {
+
+  assert_different_registers(tmp, src);
+  assert(tmp != noreg, "valid tmp required");
+
+  if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
+    // We are generating code during AOT buildup that will run in *future* processes
+    // with likely different encoding settings. Therefore, we have to load the
+    // encoding base dynamically, we cannot just bake it in as immediate.
+    // Note that we only need to do this for base. The encoding shift would be the
+    // same between build time and runtime: the standard precomputed shift.
+    assert(shift == ArchiveBuilder::precomputed_narrow_klass_shift(), "unexpected compressed klass shift!");
     lea(tmp, ExternalAddress(CompressedKlassPointers::base_addr()));
     ldr(tmp, tmp);
     sub(dst, src, tmp);
     lsr(dst, dst, shift);
-    pop(regs, sp);
-  }
-}
-
-void MacroAssembler::encode_klass_not_null(Register dst, Register src) {
-  if (CompressedKlassPointers::base() != nullptr && AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
-    encode_klass_not_null_for_aot(dst, src);
     return;
   }
 
-  switch (klass_decode_mode()) {
+  switch (decode_mode) {
   case KlassDecodeZero:
-    if (CompressedKlassPointers::shift() != 0) {
-      lsr(dst, src, CompressedKlassPointers::shift());
-    } else {
-      if (dst != src) mov(dst, src);
-    }
+    lsr(dst, src, shift);
     break;
 
   case KlassDecodeXor:
-    if (CompressedKlassPointers::shift() != 0) {
-      eor(dst, src, (uint64_t)CompressedKlassPointers::base());
-      lsr(dst, dst, CompressedKlassPointers::shift());
-    } else {
-      eor(dst, src, (uint64_t)CompressedKlassPointers::base());
-    }
+    eor(dst, src, (uint64_t)base);
+    lsr(dst, dst, shift);
     break;
 
   case KlassDecodeMovk:
-    if (CompressedKlassPointers::shift() != 0) {
-      ubfx(dst, src, CompressedKlassPointers::shift(), 32);
+    if (shift != 0) {
+      ubfx(dst, src, shift, 32);
     } else {
       movw(dst, src);
     }
     break;
 
+  case KlassDecodeFallback: {
+    mov(tmp, base);
+    sub(dst, src, tmp);
+    lsr(dst, dst, shift);
+    break;
+  }
+
   case KlassDecodeNone:
     ShouldNotReachHere();
     break;
   }
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  if (tmp != dst) {
+    mov(tmp, 0xdead);
+  }
+#endif // ASSERT
+
 }
 
-void MacroAssembler::encode_klass_not_null(Register r) {
-  encode_klass_not_null(r, r);
+void  MacroAssembler::decode_klass_not_null(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp) {
+  emit_decode_klass_not_null(dst, src, tmp,
+                             CompressedKlassPointers::base(),
+                             CompressedKlassPointers::shift(),
+                             klass_decode_mode());
 }
 
-void MacroAssembler::decode_klass_not_null_for_aot(Register dst, Register src) {
-  // we have to load the klass base from the AOT constants area but
-  // not the shift because it is not allowed to change
-  int shift = CompressedKlassPointers::shift();
-  assert(shift >= 0 && shift <= CompressedKlassPointers::max_shift(), "unexpected compressed klass shift!");
-  if (dst != src) {
-    // we can load the base into dst then add the offset with a suitable shift
-    lea(dst, ExternalAddress(CompressedKlassPointers::base_addr()));
-    ldr(dst, dst);
-    add(dst, dst, src, LSL,  shift);
-  } else {
-    // we need an extra register in order to load the coop base
-    Register tmp = pick_different_tmp(dst, src);
-    RegSet regs = RegSet::of(tmp);
-    push(regs, sp);
+void MacroAssembler::emit_decode_klass_not_null(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp,
+                                                address base, int shift, KlassDecodeMode decode_mode) {
+
+  assert_different_registers(tmp, src);
+  assert(tmp != noreg, "valid tmp required");
+
+  if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
+    // We are generating code during AOT buildup that will run in *future* processes
+    // with likely different encoding settings. Therefore, we have to load the
+    // encoding base dynamically, we cannot just bake it in as immediate.
+    // Note that we only need to do this for base. The encoding shift would be the
+    // same between build time and runtime: the standard precomputed shift.
+    assert(shift == ArchiveBuilder::precomputed_narrow_klass_shift(), "unexpected compressed klass shift!");
     lea(tmp, ExternalAddress(CompressedKlassPointers::base_addr()));
     ldr(tmp, tmp);
     add(dst, tmp,  src, LSL,  shift);
-    pop(regs, sp);
-  }
-}
-
-void  MacroAssembler::decode_klass_not_null(Register dst, Register src) {
-  if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
-    decode_klass_not_null_for_aot(dst, src);
     return;
   }
 
-  switch (klass_decode_mode()) {
-  case KlassDecodeZero:
-    if (CompressedKlassPointers::shift() != 0) {
-      lsl(dst, src, CompressedKlassPointers::shift());
-    } else {
-      if (dst != src) mov(dst, src);
-    }
+  switch (decode_mode) {
+  case KlassDecodeZero: // 0-1 instructions
+    lsl(dst, src, shift);
     break;
 
-  case KlassDecodeXor:
-    if (CompressedKlassPointers::shift() != 0) {
-      lsl(dst, src, CompressedKlassPointers::shift());
-      eor(dst, dst, (uint64_t)CompressedKlassPointers::base());
-    } else {
-      eor(dst, src, (uint64_t)CompressedKlassPointers::base());
-    }
+  case KlassDecodeXor: // 1-2 instructions
+    lsl(dst, src, shift);
+    eor(dst, dst, (uint64_t)base);
     break;
 
-  case KlassDecodeMovk: {
+  case KlassDecodeMovk: { // 1-3 instructions
     const uint64_t shifted_base =
-      (uint64_t)CompressedKlassPointers::base() >> CompressedKlassPointers::shift();
+      (uint64_t)base >> shift;
 
     if (dst != src) movw(dst, src);
     movk(dst, shifted_base >> 32, 32);
+    lsl(dst, dst, shift);
+    break;
+  }
 
-    if (CompressedKlassPointers::shift() != 0) {
-      lsl(dst, dst, CompressedKlassPointers::shift());
-    }
-
+  case KlassDecodeFallback: { // 3-4 instructions
+    mov(tmp, base);
+    add(dst, tmp, src, LSL, shift);
     break;
   }
 
@@ -5526,10 +5505,14 @@ void  MacroAssembler::decode_klass_not_null(Register dst, Register src) {
     ShouldNotReachHere();
     break;
   }
-}
 
-void  MacroAssembler::decode_klass_not_null(Register r) {
-  decode_klass_not_null(r, r);
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  // Always clobber tmp
+  if (tmp != dst) {
+    mov(tmp, 0xdead);
+  }
+#endif // ASSERT
+
 }
 
 void  MacroAssembler::set_narrow_oop(Register dst, jobject obj) {
@@ -7181,7 +7164,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register basic_lock, Register obj, Register t1, R
   }
 
   if (DiagnoseSyncOnValueBasedClasses != 0) {
-    load_klass(t1, obj);
+    load_klass(t1, obj, rscratch1);
     ldrb(t1, Address(t1, Klass::misc_flags_offset()));
     tst(t1, KlassFlags::_misc_is_value_based_class);
     br(Assembler::NE, slow);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
index b39596aab53..6dfdde51ac5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
 
 class OopMap;
+struct GtestFriendToMacroAssembler;
 
 // MacroAssembler extends Assembler by frequently used macros.
 //
@@ -46,6 +47,7 @@ class OopMap;
 
 class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   friend class LIR_Assembler;
+  friend struct GtestFriendToMacroAssembler;
 
  public:
   using Assembler::mov;
@@ -91,28 +93,31 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
 
   void call_VM_helper(Register oop_result, address entry_point, int number_of_arguments, bool check_exceptions = true);
 
+ private:
+
   enum KlassDecodeMode {
     KlassDecodeNone,
     KlassDecodeZero,
     KlassDecodeXor,
-    KlassDecodeMovk
+    KlassDecodeMovk,
+    KlassDecodeFallback
   };
 
-  // Calculate decoding mode based on given parameters, used for checking then ultimately setting.
-  static KlassDecodeMode klass_decode_mode(address base, int shift, const size_t range);
-
- private:
   static KlassDecodeMode _klass_decode_mode;
 
   // Returns above setting with asserts
   static KlassDecodeMode klass_decode_mode();
 
- public:
-  // Checks the decode mode and returns false if not compatible with preferred decoding mode.
-  static bool check_klass_decode_mode(address base, int shift, const size_t range);
+  // Calculate decoding mode based on given parameters, used for checking then ultimately setting.
+  static KlassDecodeMode klass_decode_mode(address base, int shift, const size_t range);
 
-  // Sets the decode mode and returns false if cannot be set.
-  static bool set_klass_decode_mode(address base, int shift, const size_t range);
+  void emit_encode_klass_not_null(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp,
+                                  address base, int shift, KlassDecodeMode decode_mode);
+  void emit_decode_klass_not_null(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp,
+                                  address base, int shift, KlassDecodeMode decode_mode);
+ public:
+  // Determines the decode mode best suited for the given encoding parameters.
+  static void initialize_klass_decode_mode(address base, int shift, const size_t range);
 
  public:
   MacroAssembler(CodeBuffer* code) : Assembler(code) {}
@@ -308,19 +313,27 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   }
 
   inline void lslw(Register Rd, Register Rn, unsigned imm) {
-    ubfmw(Rd, Rn, ((32 - imm) & 31), (31 - imm));
+    if (imm > 0 || Rd != Rn) {
+      ubfmw(Rd, Rn, ((32 - imm) & 31), (31 - imm));
+    }
   }
 
   inline void lsl(Register Rd, Register Rn, unsigned imm) {
-    ubfm(Rd, Rn, ((64 - imm) & 63), (63 - imm));
+    if (imm > 0 || Rd != Rn) {
+      ubfm(Rd, Rn, ((64 - imm) & 63), (63 - imm));
+    }
   }
 
   inline void lsrw(Register Rd, Register Rn, unsigned imm) {
-    ubfmw(Rd, Rn, imm, 31);
+    if (imm > 0 || Rd != Rn) {
+      ubfmw(Rd, Rn, imm, 31);
+    }
   }
 
   inline void lsr(Register Rd, Register Rn, unsigned imm) {
-    ubfm(Rd, Rn, imm, 63);
+    if (imm > 0 || Rd != Rn) {
+      ubfm(Rd, Rn, imm, 63);
+    }
   }
 
   inline void rorw(Register Rd, Register Rn, unsigned imm) {
@@ -925,9 +938,9 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   // oop manipulations
   void load_narrow_klass_compact(Register dst, Register src);
   void load_narrow_klass(Register dst, Register src);
-  void load_klass(Register dst, Register src);
-  void store_klass(Register dst, Register src);
-  void cmp_klass(Register obj, Register klass, Register tmp);
+  void load_klass(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp);
+  void store_klass(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp);
+  void cmp_klass(Register obj, Register klass, Register tmp, Register tmp2);
   void cmp_klasses_from_objects(Register obj1, Register obj2, Register tmp1, Register tmp2);
 
   void resolve_weak_handle(Register result, Register tmp1, Register tmp2);
@@ -972,12 +985,8 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
 
   void set_narrow_oop(Register dst, jobject obj);
 
-  void decode_klass_not_null_for_aot(Register dst, Register src);
-  void encode_klass_not_null_for_aot(Register dst, Register src);
-  void encode_klass_not_null(Register r);
-  void decode_klass_not_null(Register r);
-  void encode_klass_not_null(Register dst, Register src);
-  void decode_klass_not_null(Register dst, Register src);
+  void encode_klass_not_null(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp);
+  void decode_klass_not_null(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp);
 
   void set_narrow_klass(Register dst, Klass* k);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/methodHandles_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/methodHandles_aarch64.cpp
index cdf67e3423f..7dc74f44cdc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/methodHandles_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/methodHandles_aarch64.cpp
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ void MethodHandles::verify_klass(MacroAssembler* _masm,
   __ verify_oop(obj);
   __ cbz(obj, L_bad);
   __ push(RegSet::of(temp, temp2), sp);
-  __ load_klass(temp, obj);
+  __ load_klass(temp, obj, temp2);
   __ cmpptr(temp, ExternalAddress((address) klass_addr));
   __ br(Assembler::EQ, L_ok);
   intptr_t super_check_offset = klass->super_check_offset();
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ void MethodHandles::generate_method_handle_dispatch(MacroAssembler* _masm,
         __ null_check(receiver_reg);
       } else {
         // load receiver klass itself
-        __ load_klass(temp1_recv_klass, receiver_reg);
+        __ load_klass(temp1_recv_klass, receiver_reg, temp2);
         __ verify_klass_ptr(temp1_recv_klass);
       }
       BLOCK_COMMENT("check_receiver {");
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ void MethodHandles::generate_method_handle_dispatch(MacroAssembler* _masm,
       // Check the receiver against the MemberName.clazz
       if (VerifyMethodHandles && iid == vmIntrinsics::_linkToSpecial) {
         // Did not load it above...
-        __ load_klass(temp1_recv_klass, receiver_reg);
+        __ load_klass(temp1_recv_klass, receiver_reg, temp2);
         __ verify_klass_ptr(temp1_recv_klass);
       }
       if (VerifyMethodHandles && iid != vmIntrinsics::_linkToInterface) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
index 5dfd41293fd..03eb5084eb4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
@@ -2258,7 +2258,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     // checked.
 
     assert_different_registers(from, to, count, ckoff, ckval, start_to,
-                               copied_oop, r19_klass, count_save);
+                               copied_oop, r19_klass, count_save, rscratch1);
 
     __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
@@ -2342,7 +2342,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
                      gct1);
     __ cbz(copied_oop, L_store_element);
 
-    __ load_klass(r19_klass, copied_oop);// query the object klass
+    __ load_klass(r19_klass, copied_oop, rscratch1);// query the object klass
 
     BLOCK_COMMENT("type_check:");
     generate_type_check(/*sub_klass*/r19_klass,
@@ -2583,7 +2583,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       BLOCK_COMMENT("} assert klasses not null done");
     }
 #endif
-    __ decode_klass_not_null(scratch_src_klass, scratch_src_klass);
+    __ decode_klass_not_null(scratch_src_klass, scratch_src_klass, rscratch1);
 
     // Load layout helper (32-bits)
     //
@@ -2603,7 +2603,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ cbzw(rscratch2, L_objArray);
 
     //  if (src->klass() != dst->klass()) return -1;
-    __ load_klass(rscratch2, dst);
+    __ load_klass(rscratch2, dst, rscratch1);
     __ eor(rscratch2, rscratch2, scratch_src_klass);
     __ cbnz(rscratch2, L_failed);
 
@@ -2699,7 +2699,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
     Label L_plain_copy, L_checkcast_copy;
     //  test array classes for subtyping
-    __ load_klass(r15, dst);
+    __ load_klass(r15, dst, rscratch1);
     __ cmp(scratch_src_klass, r15); // usual case is exact equality
     __ br(Assembler::NE, L_checkcast_copy);
 
@@ -2728,7 +2728,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       arraycopy_range_checks(src, src_pos, dst, dst_pos, scratch_length,
                              r15, L_failed);
 
-      __ load_klass(dst_klass, dst); // reload
+      __ load_klass(dst_klass, dst, rscratch1); // reload
 
       // Marshal the base address arguments now, freeing registers.
       __ lea(from, Address(src, src_pos, Address::lsl(LogBytesPerHeapOop)));
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/templateTable_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/templateTable_aarch64.cpp
index b6cf58d6062..a0ce1d04317 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/templateTable_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/templateTable_aarch64.cpp
@@ -1123,9 +1123,9 @@ void TemplateTable::aastore() {
   __ cbz(r0, is_null);
 
   // Move subklass into r1
-  __ load_klass(r1, r0);
+  __ load_klass(r1, r0, rscratch1);
   // Move superklass into r0
-  __ load_klass(r0, r3);
+  __ load_klass(r0, r3, rscratch1);
   __ ldr(r0, Address(r0,
                      ObjArrayKlass::element_klass_offset()));
   // Compress array + index*oopSize + 12 into a single register.  Frees r2.
@@ -1173,7 +1173,7 @@ void TemplateTable::bastore()
 
   // Need to check whether array is boolean or byte
   // since both types share the bastore bytecode.
-  __ load_klass(r2, r3);
+  __ load_klass(r2, r3, rscratch1);
   __ ldrw(r2, Address(r2, Klass::layout_helper_offset()));
   int diffbit_index = exact_log2(Klass::layout_helper_boolean_diffbit());
   Label L_skip;
@@ -2194,7 +2194,7 @@ void TemplateTable::_return(TosState state)
     assert(state == vtos, "only valid state");
 
     __ ldr(c_rarg1, aaddress(0));
-    __ load_klass(r3, c_rarg1);
+    __ load_klass(r3, c_rarg1, rscratch1);
     __ ldrb(r3, Address(r3, Klass::misc_flags_offset()));
     Label skip_register_finalizer;
     __ tbz(r3, exact_log2(KlassFlags::_misc_has_finalizer), skip_register_finalizer);
@@ -3338,8 +3338,8 @@ void TemplateTable::invokevirtual_helper(Register index,
                                          Register recv,
                                          Register flags)
 {
-  // Uses temporary registers r0, r3
-  assert_different_registers(index, recv, r0, r3);
+  // Uses temporary registers r0, r3, rscratch1
+  assert_different_registers(index, recv, r0, r3, rscratch1);
   // Test for an invoke of a final method
   Label notFinal;
   __ tbz(flags, ResolvedMethodEntry::is_vfinal_shift, notFinal);
@@ -3363,7 +3363,7 @@ void TemplateTable::invokevirtual_helper(Register index,
   __ bind(notFinal);
 
   // get receiver klass
-  __ load_klass(r0, recv);
+  __ load_klass(r0, recv, rscratch1);
 
   // profile this call
   __ profile_virtual_call(r0, rlocals);
@@ -3464,7 +3464,7 @@ void TemplateTable::invokeinterface(int byte_no) {
   __ tbz(r3, ResolvedMethodEntry::is_vfinal_shift, notVFinal);
 
   // Get receiver klass into r3
-  __ load_klass(r3, r2);
+  __ load_klass(r3, r2, rscratch1);
 
   Label subtype;
   __ check_klass_subtype(r3, r0, r4, subtype);
@@ -3479,7 +3479,7 @@ void TemplateTable::invokeinterface(int byte_no) {
   __ bind(notVFinal);
 
   // Get receiver klass into r3
-  __ load_klass(r3, r2);
+  __ load_klass(r3, r2, rscratch1);
 
   Label no_such_method;
 
@@ -3678,7 +3678,7 @@ void TemplateTable::_new() {
       __ mov(rscratch1, (intptr_t)markWord::prototype().value());
       __ str(rscratch1, Address(r0, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
       __ store_klass_gap(r0, zr);  // zero klass gap for compressed oops
-      __ store_klass(r0, r4);      // store klass last
+      __ store_klass(r0, r4, rscratch1);      // store klass last
     }
 
     if (DTraceAllocProbes) {
@@ -3759,7 +3759,7 @@ void TemplateTable::checkcast()
   __ load_resolved_klass_at_offset(r2, r19, r0, rscratch1); // r0 = klass
 
   __ bind(resolved);
-  __ load_klass(r19, r3);
+  __ load_klass(r19, r3, rscratch1);
 
   // Generate subtype check.  Blows r2, r5.  Object in r3.
   // Superklass in r0.  Subklass in r19.
@@ -3805,12 +3805,12 @@ void TemplateTable::instanceof() {
   __ get_vm_result_metadata(r0, rthread);
   __ pop(r3); // restore receiver
   __ verify_oop(r3);
-  __ load_klass(r3, r3);
+  __ load_klass(r3, r3, rscratch1);
   __ b(resolved);
 
   // Get superklass in r0 and subklass in r3
   __ bind(quicked);
-  __ load_klass(r3, r0);
+  __ load_klass(r3, r0, rscratch1);
   __ load_resolved_klass_at_offset(r2, r19, r0, rscratch1);
 
   __ bind(resolved);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/vtableStubs_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/vtableStubs_aarch64.cpp
index 714904ab3df..1b7820fc337 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/vtableStubs_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/vtableStubs_aarch64.cpp
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) {
 
   // get receiver klass
   address npe_addr = __ pc();
-  __ load_klass(r16, j_rarg0);
+  __ load_klass(r16, j_rarg0, rscratch1);
 
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   if (DebugVtables) {
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int itable_index) {
 
   // get receiver klass (also an implicit null-check)
   address npe_addr = __ pc();
-  __ load_klass(recv_klass_reg, j_rarg0);
+  __ load_klass(recv_klass_reg, j_rarg0, rscratch1);
 
   // Receiver subtype check against REFC.
   // Get selected method from declaring class and itable index
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
index fbd12038c94..8106258c331 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
@@ -165,22 +165,15 @@ size_t AOTMetaspace::protection_zone_size() {
 }
 
 bool AOTMetaspace::shared_base_valid(char* shared_base) {
-  // We check user input for SharedBaseAddress at dump time.
-
   // At CDS runtime, "shared_base" will be the (attempted) mapping start. It will also
   // be the encoding base, since the headers of archived base objects (and with Lilliput,
   // the prototype mark words) carry pre-computed narrow Klass IDs that refer to the mapping
   // start as base.
-  //
-  // The "shared_base" may not be later usable as encoding base, depending on the
-  // total size of the reserved area and the precomputed_narrow_klass_shift. This is checked
-  // before reserving memory.  Here we weed out values already known to be invalid later.
-  // Since we cannot predict the range, we use the full maximum encoding range
-  // (4G).
-  constexpr size_t range = 4 * G;
-  address addr = (address)shared_base;
-  const int shift = ArchiveBuilder::precomputed_narrow_klass_shift();
-  return CompressedKlassPointers::check_klass_decode_mode(addr, shift, range);
+  // Note that all narrowKlass inside CDS/AOT archives will be precomputed with the
+  // shift that, at build time, will afford us the maximum encoding range of 4GB. We do this
+  // since we don't know how large the class space at runtime will actually be.
+  return CLASS_SPACE_ONLY(is_aligned(shared_base, Metaspace::reserve_alignment()))
+         NOT_CLASS_SPACE(true);
 }
 
 class DumpClassListCLDClosure : public CLDClosure {
@@ -1976,16 +1969,11 @@ char* AOTMetaspace::reserve_address_space_for_archives(FileMapInfo* static_mapin
   const size_t total_range_size =
       archive_space_size + gap_size + class_space_size;
 
-  // The code for dumping the archive ensures that the base address is valid.
-  // Here we validate that the base address plus shift can be decoded when
-  // restored.
-  assert(shared_base_valid((char*)base_address),
-      "Cannot use SharedBaseAddress " PTR_FORMAT " with precomputed shift %d.",
-      p2i(base_address), ArchiveBuilder::precomputed_narrow_klass_shift());
-
   assert(total_range_size > ccs_begin_offset, "must be");
   if (use_windows_memory_mapping() && use_archive_base_addr) {
     if (base_address != nullptr) {
+      // Note: We already checked the base address for validity at dump time.
+
       // On Windows, we cannot safely split a reserved memory space into two (see JDK-8255917).
       // Hence, we optimistically reserve archive space and class space side-by-side. We only
       // do this for use_archive_base_addr=true since for use_archive_base_addr=false case
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/memory/metaspace.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/memory/metaspace.cpp
index 8b8b80cd893..43bd5e452c8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/memory/metaspace.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/memory/metaspace.cpp
@@ -593,7 +593,8 @@ ReservedSpace Metaspace::reserve_address_space_for_compressed_classes(size_t siz
                                                                                     optimize_for_zero_base));
 
   if (result == nullptr) {
-    // Fallback: reserve anywhere
+    // Fallback: we let the OS decide where to place the area, but align (overallocation-and-cut)
+    // to metaspace reserve alignment (16MB).
     log_debug(metaspace, map)("Trying anywhere...");
     result = os::reserve_memory_aligned(size, Metaspace::reserve_alignment(), mtClass);
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.cpp
index ca1c46d4095..134f5a93365 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.cpp
@@ -188,11 +188,7 @@ void CompressedKlassPointers::initialize_for_given_encoding(address addr, size_t
 
   calc_lowest_highest_narrow_klass_id();
 
-  // This has already been checked for SharedBaseAddress and if this fails, it's a bug in the allocation code.
-  if (!set_klass_decode_mode()) {
-    fatal("base=" PTR_FORMAT " given with shift %d, cannot be used to encode class pointers",
-          p2i(_base), _shift);
-  }
+  initialize_pd();
 
   DEBUG_ONLY(sanity_check_after_initialization();)
 }
@@ -299,20 +295,7 @@ void CompressedKlassPointers::initialize(address addr, size_t len) {
 
   calc_lowest_highest_narrow_klass_id();
 
-  // Initialize JIT-specific decoding settings
-  if (!set_klass_decode_mode()) {
-
-    // Give fatal error if this is a specified address
-    if (CompressedClassSpaceBaseAddress == (size_t)_base) {
-      vm_exit_during_initialization(
-            err_msg("CompressedClassSpaceBaseAddress=" PTR_FORMAT " given with shift %d, cannot be used to encode class pointers",
-                    CompressedClassSpaceBaseAddress, _shift));
-    } else {
-      // If this fails, it's a bug in the allocation code.
-      fatal("CompressedClassSpaceBaseAddress=" PTR_FORMAT " given with shift %d, cannot be used to encode class pointers",
-            p2i(_base), _shift);
-    }
-  }
+  initialize_pd();
 
   DEBUG_ONLY(sanity_check_after_initialization();)
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.hpp
index fe1ce9e07ae..ff2dd15eb75 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.hpp
@@ -270,15 +270,8 @@ class CompressedKlassPointers : public AllStatic {
   // Returns true if address points into protection zone (for error reporting)
   static bool is_in_protection_zone(address addr);
 
-#if defined(AARCH64) && !defined(ZERO)
-  // Check that with the given base, shift and range, aarch64 code can encode and decode the klass pointer.
-  static bool check_klass_decode_mode(address base, int shift, const size_t range);
-  // Called after initialization.
-  static bool set_klass_decode_mode();
-#else
-  static bool check_klass_decode_mode(address base, int shift, const size_t range) { return true; }
-  static bool set_klass_decode_mode() { return true; }
-#endif
+  // platform-specific initializations
+  static void initialize_pd() NOT_AARCH64({});
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_OOPS_COMPRESSEDKLASS_HPP
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/test_assembler_aarch64.cpp b/test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/test_assembler_aarch64.cpp
index 63b8ddd865d..db240aeee90 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/test_assembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/test_assembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -30,9 +30,15 @@
 #include "asm/macroAssembler.hpp"
 #include "compiler/disassembler.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
+#include "runtime/threadWXSetters.inline.hpp"
+#include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
 #include "nativeInst_aarch64.hpp"
 #include "unittest.hpp"
 
+// remove comment for debug log
+//#define LOG_PLEASE
+#include "testutils.hpp"
+
 #define __ _masm.
 
 static void asm_check(const unsigned int *insns, const unsigned int *insns1, size_t len) {
@@ -511,4 +517,137 @@ TEST_VM(AssemblerAArch64, native_instruction_load_predicates) {
   EXPECT_FALSE(ni_ldrs->is_ldrw_gpr_literal());
 }
 
+struct GtestFriendToMacroAssembler {
+
+  typedef MacroAssembler::KlassDecodeMode Mode;
+
+  typedef address (*decode_function)(narrowKlass encoded);
+  typedef narrowKlass (*encode_function)(address decoded);
+
+  using CKP = CompressedKlassPointers;
+  using MA = MacroAssembler;
+
+  static void build_and_run_encode_decode_klass(address base, int shift,
+                                                Mode expected_mode) {
+
+    if ((shift + CKP::narrow_klass_pointer_bits()) > 32) {
+      return; // unsupported
+    }
+
+    LOG_HERE("base " PTR_FORMAT " shift %d => mode %d: ",
+             p2u(base), shift, (int)expected_mode);
+
+    // Test if the given base+shift value (with an assumed maximum Klass* range)
+    // yields the expected decode mode
+    const Mode real_mode = MA::klass_decode_mode(base, shift, CKP::max_klass_range_size());
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(real_mode, expected_mode) << " different mode?";
+
+    // Now generate encode and decode functions for this base and shift ...
+    BufferBlob* bb = BufferBlob::create("test_decode_klass", 512);
+    CodeBuffer code(bb);
+    address entry_encode = nullptr;
+    address entry_decode = nullptr;
+
+    {
+      MA masm(&code);
+
+      entry_encode = masm.pc();
+      masm.emit_encode_klass_not_null(c_rarg0,    // x0: dst+return
+                                      c_rarg0,    // x0: src
+                                      rscratch1,  // x8: tmp
+                                      base, shift,
+                                      real_mode);
+      masm.ret(lr);
+
+      entry_decode = masm.pc();
+      masm.emit_decode_klass_not_null(c_rarg0,    // x0: dst+return
+                                      c_rarg0,    // x0: src
+                                      rscratch1,  // x8: tmp
+                                      base, shift,
+                                      real_mode);
+      masm.ret(lr);
+
+      masm.flush(); // icache invalidate
+    }
+
+    {
+      MACOS_AARCH64_ONLY(ThreadWXEnable wx(WXExec, Thread::current()));
+
+      // ... and call it with some values spread over the full width of the narrowKlass range.
+      const narrowKlass highest = right_n_bits<narrowKlass>(CKP::narrow_klass_pointer_bits());
+
+      const struct { narrowKlass encoded; address decoded; } testvalues [] = {
+          { 0, base },
+          // The highest value we can express with the current narrowKlass width
+          { highest, (address)(p2u(base) + ((uint64_t)highest << shift)) },
+          // midpoint
+          { highest / 2, (address)(p2u(base) + (((uint64_t)highest / 2) << shift)) }
+      };
+      constexpr int num_testvalues = sizeof(testvalues) / sizeof(testvalues[0]);
+
+      for (int i = 0; i < num_testvalues; i++) {
+        const narrowKlass encoded = testvalues[i].encoded;
+        const address decoded = testvalues[i].decoded;
+
+        const narrowKlass encoded_real = ((encode_function)entry_encode)(decoded);
+        LOG_HERE("   encode: " PTR_FORMAT " => " UINT32_FORMAT_X, p2u(decoded), encoded_real);
+        EXPECT_EQ(encoded_real, encoded) << " bad encode?";
+
+        const address decoded_real = ((decode_function)entry_decode)(encoded);
+        LOG_HERE("   decode: " UINT32_FORMAT_X " => " PTR_FORMAT, encoded, p2u(decoded_real));
+        EXPECT_EQ(decoded_real, decoded) << " bad decode?";
+      }
+    }
+    BufferBlob::free(bb);
+  }
+
+  static void test_decode_encode_klass() {
+
+    for (int shift = 0; shift < CKP::max_shift(); shift++) {
+
+      // test zero-based
+      build_and_run_encode_decode_klass((address)nullptr, shift, MA::KlassDecodeZero);
+
+      // test XOR-based encoding
+      // Base must be a valid immediate that does not intersect the highest left-shifted nKlass
+      const int lowest_xor_base_bit = 32;
+      const int highest_xor_base_bit = 51; // highest user address space bit on all our platforms
+
+      // Highest base bit set
+      build_and_run_encode_decode_klass((address)nth_bit(highest_xor_base_bit), shift, MA::KlassDecodeXor);
+      // lowest base bit set
+      build_and_run_encode_decode_klass((address)nth_bit(lowest_xor_base_bit), shift, MA::KlassDecodeXor);
+      // all base bits set
+      build_and_run_encode_decode_klass((address)(right_n_bits(highest_xor_base_bit - lowest_xor_base_bit) << lowest_xor_base_bit),
+          shift, MA::KlassDecodeXor);
+
+      // test movk-based
+      // Only bits in the third quadrant and not a valid immediate
+      build_and_run_encode_decode_klass((address)0x0000'A000'0000'0000ULL, 0, MA::KlassDecodeMovk);
+
+      // test Fallback mode.
+      // base has low bits that intersect with nKlass, no other mode would work
+      build_and_run_encode_decode_klass((address)(0x5'0000'0000ULL + os::vm_page_size()),
+                                        shift, MA::KlassDecodeFallback);
+      build_and_run_encode_decode_klass((address)(0x5'0000'0000ULL - os::vm_page_size()),
+                                        shift, MA::KlassDecodeFallback);
+
+      // a base that has ones in all four quadrants to trigger the full movz+3*movk path
+      // when loading the immediate
+      build_and_run_encode_decode_klass((address)right_n_bits(52),
+                                        shift, MA::KlassDecodeFallback);
+
+      // spread over multiple 16-bit quadrants and not encodable as immediate,
+      // no other mode would work
+      build_and_run_encode_decode_klass((address)0x00AA'AAA0'0000'0000ULL,
+                                        shift, MA::KlassDecodeFallback);
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+// Run this with and without UseCompactObjectHeaders
+TEST_VM(AssemblerAArch64, decode_encode_klass_not_null) {
+  GtestFriendToMacroAssembler::test_decode_encode_klass();
+}
 #endif  // AARCH64
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gtest/AssemblerGtests.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gtest/AssemblerGtests.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..19fb3398267
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gtest/AssemblerGtests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, IBM Corp. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * This runs the MacroAssembler gtests related to Klass de- and encoding
+ * (for now, only on aarch64) with and without COH.
+ */
+
+/* @test id=coh
+ * @summary Run Assembler-related gtests
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.xml
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @requires os.arch=="aarch64"
+ * @run main/native GTestWrapper --gtest_filter=AssemblerAArch64::decode_encode_klass* -XX:+UseCompactObjectHeaders
+ */
+
+/* @test id=noncoh
+ * @summary Run Assembler-related gtests
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.xml
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @requires os.arch=="aarch64"
+ * @run main/native GTestWrapper --gtest_filter=AssemblerAArch64::decode_encode_klass* -XX:-UseCompactObjectHeaders
+ */
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CompressedOops/CompressedClassPointersEncodingScheme.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CompressedOops/CompressedClassPointersEncodingScheme.java
index d14dbc93245..f4ef0800a73 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CompressedOops/CompressedClassPointersEncodingScheme.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CompressedOops/CompressedClassPointersEncodingScheme.java
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ private static void test(long forceAddress, boolean COH, long classSpaceSize, lo
                 "-XX:" + (COH ? "+" : "-") + "UseObjectMonitorTable",
                 "-XX:CompressedClassSpaceBaseAddress=" + forceAddress,
                 "-XX:CompressedClassSpaceSize=" + classSpaceSize,
-                "-Xmx128m",
+                "-Xmx64m",
                 "-Xlog:metaspace*",
                 "-version");
         OutputAnalyzer output = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
@@ -71,35 +71,6 @@ private static void test(long forceAddress, boolean COH, long classSpaceSize, lo
         output.shouldContain("Narrow klass base: " + expectedEncodingBaseString + ", Narrow klass shift: " + expectedEncodingShift);
     }
 
-    private static void testFailure(String forceAddressString) throws IOException {
-        ProcessBuilder pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder(
-                "-Xshare:off", // to make CompressedClassSpaceBaseAddress work
-                "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions",
-                "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
-                "-XX:-UseCompactObjectHeaders",
-                "-XX:CompressedClassSpaceBaseAddress=" + forceAddressString,
-                "-Xmx128m",
-                "-Xlog:metaspace*",
-                "-version");
-        OutputAnalyzer output = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
-
-        output.reportDiagnosticSummary();
-
-        // We ignore cases where we were not able to map at the force address
-        if (!output.contains("Successfully forced class space address to " + forceAddressString)) {
-            throw new SkippedException("Skipping because we cannot force ccs to " + forceAddressString);
-        }
-
-        if (Platform.isAArch64()) {
-            output.shouldHaveExitValue(1);
-            output.shouldContain("Error occurred during initialization of VM");
-            output.shouldContain("CompressedClassSpaceBaseAddress=" + forceAddressString +
-                                 " given with shift 0, cannot be used to encode class pointers");
-        } else {
-            output.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
-        }
-    }
-
     final static long K = 1024;
     final static long M = K * 1024;
     final static long G = M * 1024;
@@ -108,53 +79,47 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         // Expecting base=0, shift=0
         test(4 * G - 128 * M, false, 128 * M, 0, 0);
 
-        // Test ccs nestling right at the end of the 32G range
-        // Expecting:
-        // - non-aarch64: base=0, shift=3
-        // - aarch64: base to start of class range, shift 0
-        if (Platform.isAArch64()) {
-            // The best we can do on aarch64 is to be *near* the end of the 32g range, since a valid encoding base
-            // on aarch64 must be 4G aligned, and the max. class space size is 3G.
-            long forceAddress = 0x7_0000_0000L; // 28g, and also a valid EOR immediate
-            test(forceAddress, false, 3 * G, forceAddress, 0);
-        } else {
-            test(32 * G - 128 * M, false, 128 * M, 0, 3);
-        }
-
-        // Test ccs starting *below* 4G, but extending upwards beyond 4G. All platforms except aarch64 should pick
-        // zero based encoding. On aarch64, this test is excluded since the only valid mode would be XOR, but bit
-        // pattern for base and bit pattern would overlap.
-        if (!Platform.isAArch64()) {
-            test(4 * G - 128 * M, false, 2 * 128 * M, 0, 3);
-        }
-        // add more...
+        // aarch64 does not do extended zero based encoding (shift>0)
+        boolean expectExtendedZeroBasedEncoding = !Platform.isAArch64();
+
+        // Test ccs nestling right at the end of the 32G range.
+        // Expect all platforms but aarch64 to do shift-extended zero-based encoding;
+        long forceAddress = 32 * G - 128 * M;
+        test(forceAddress, false, 128 * M,
+                expectExtendedZeroBasedEncoding ? 0 : forceAddress, // expected base
+                expectExtendedZeroBasedEncoding ? 3 : 0             // expected shift
+                );
+
+        // Test ccs starting *below* 4G, but extending upwards beyond 4G.
+        // Expect all platforms but aarch64 to do shift-extended zero-based encoding; aarch64 does not do that but
+        // drops right to non-zero-based with shift = 0
+        forceAddress = 4 * G - 128 * M;
+        test(forceAddress, false, 2 * 128 * M,
+                expectExtendedZeroBasedEncoding ? 0 : forceAddress, // expected base
+                expectExtendedZeroBasedEncoding ? 3 : 0             // expected shift
+        );
 
         // Compact Object Header Mode:
-        // On aarch64 and x64 we expect the VM to chose the smallest possible shift value needed to cover
-        // the encoding range. We expect the encoding Base to start at the class space start - but to enforce that,
-        // we choose a high address.
-        if (Platform.isAArch64() || Platform.isX64() || Platform.isRISCV64()) {
-            long forceAddress = 32 * G;
-
-            long ccsSize = 128 * M;
-            int expectedShift = 6;
-            test(forceAddress, true, ccsSize, forceAddress, expectedShift);
-
-            ccsSize = 512 * M;
-            expectedShift = 8;
-            test(forceAddress, true, ccsSize, forceAddress, expectedShift);
-
-            ccsSize = G;
-            expectedShift = 9;
-            test(forceAddress, true, ccsSize, forceAddress, expectedShift);
-
-            ccsSize = 3 * G;
-            expectedShift = 10;
-            test(forceAddress, true, ccsSize, forceAddress, expectedShift);
-        }
-
-        // Test failure for -XX:CompressedClassBaseAddress and -Xshare:off
-        testFailure("0x0000040001000000");
+        // We expect the VM to chose the smallest possible shift value needed to cover the encoding range.
+        // We expect the encoding Base to start at the class space start - but to enforce that,
+        // we choose unsuited to even shift-extended zero-based mode.
+        forceAddress = 32 * G;
+
+        test(forceAddress, true, 128 * M, forceAddress, 6);
+        test(forceAddress, true, 256 * M, forceAddress, 7);
+        test(forceAddress, true, 512 * M, forceAddress, 8);
+        test(forceAddress, true, G, forceAddress, 9);
+        test(forceAddress, true, 3 * G, forceAddress, 10);
+
+        // Test a "crooked" base address:
+        // - just aligned enough to pass metaspace reserve alignment test of 16MB.
+        // - not encodable on aarch64 as logical immediate
+        // - sufficiently complex enough to need multiple moves on risc platforms to materialize as immediate
+        // - small enough to not cause test errors on small devices (e.g. arm64 39bit address space)
+        // - large enough to not end up with zero-based encoding
+        forceAddress = 0x0000000d55000000L;
+        test(forceAddress, true, 32 * M, forceAddress, 6);
+        test(forceAddress, false, 32 * M, forceAddress, 0);
 
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/AccessZeroNKlassHitsProtectionZone.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/AccessZeroNKlassHitsProtectionZone.java
index 61d017d2264..4e177a6fe1d 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/AccessZeroNKlassHitsProtectionZone.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/AccessZeroNKlassHitsProtectionZone.java
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ private static OutputAnalyzer run_test(boolean COH, boolean CDS, String forceBas
 
     private static void run_test(boolean COH, boolean CDS) throws IOException, SkippedException {
         // Notes:
-        // We want to enforce zero-based encoding, to test the protection page in that case. For zero-based encoding,
+        // We want to enforce non-zero-based encoding, to test the protection page in that case. For zero-based encoding,
         // protection page is at address zero, no need to test that.
         // If CDS is on, we never use zero-based, forceBase is ignored.
         // If CDS is off, we use forceBase to (somewhat) reliably force the encoding base to beyond 32G,

From 5b3456ce70dc4fb0bc28ff8bacb00a0ec504400b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Roland Westrelin <roland@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2026 15:02:34 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 262/707] 8388406: [BACKOUT] C2: crash in compiled code due to
 zero division because of widened CastII

Reviewed-by: thartmann, chagedorn
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp         |    4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp           |    3 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp            |   14 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp            |    1 -
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp            |   25 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp            |    9 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/convertnode.cpp        |   14 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp            |   14 -
 src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp            |   13 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp           |    2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/movenode.cpp           |    5 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp               |   37 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp               |   13 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp             |    2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp             |  123 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp             |    6 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/rootnode.cpp           |   45 -
 src/hotspot/share/opto/rootnode.hpp           |   31 -
 src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp         |    2 +-
 .../c2/TestDeadPathManyDeadDataNodes.java     | 1301 -----------------
 .../TestDivByZeroInLiveCFGPath.java           |   64 -
 .../TestZeroDivModWidenedCastII.java          | 1122 --------------
 ...yAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated.java |   24 +-
 23 files changed, 81 insertions(+), 2793 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestDeadPathManyDeadDataNodes.java
 delete mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/integerArithmetic/TestDivByZeroInLiveCFGPath.java
 delete mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/integerArithmetic/TestZeroDivModWidenedCastII.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
index dd9288f7617..9ff88e8c310 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
@@ -922,8 +922,8 @@
           "Use StoreStore barrier instead of Release barrier at the end "   \
           "of constructors")                                                \
                                                                             \
-  develop(bool, KillPathsReachableByDeadDataNode, true,                     \
-          "When a data node becomes top, make paths where the node is "     \
+  develop(bool, KillPathsReachableByDeadTypeNode, true,                     \
+          "When a Type node becomes top, make paths where the node is "     \
           "used dead by replacing them with a Halt node. Turning this off " \
           "could corrupt the graph in rare cases and should be used with "  \
           "care.")                                                          \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp
index ef7b4d5aef3..befa208a5e2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp
@@ -111,6 +111,9 @@ Node* ConstraintCastNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
   if (in(0) != nullptr && remove_dead_region(phase, can_reshape)) {
     return this;
   }
+  if (in(1) != nullptr && phase->type(in(1)) != Type::TOP) {
+    return TypeNode::Ideal(phase, can_reshape);
+  }
   return nullptr;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp
index ed5da046608..828e5bf299f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp
@@ -693,13 +693,14 @@ Node *RegionNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
       if (add_to_worklist) {
         igvn->add_users_to_worklist(this); // Check for further allowed opts
       }
-      uint edges_removed;
-      for (DUIterator_Last imin, i = last_outs(imin); i >= imin; i -= edges_removed) {
-        edges_removed = 1;
+      for (DUIterator_Last imin, i = last_outs(imin); i >= imin; --i) {
         Node* n = last_out(i);
         igvn->hash_delete(n); // Remove from worklist before modifying edges
         if (n->outcnt() == 0) {
-          edges_removed = n->replace_edge(this, phase->C->top(), igvn);
+          int uses_found = n->replace_edge(this, phase->C->top(), igvn);
+          if (uses_found > 1) { // (--i) done at the end of the loop.
+            i -= (uses_found - 1);
+          }
           continue;
         }
         if( n->is_Phi() ) {   // Collapse all Phis
@@ -718,7 +719,10 @@ Node *RegionNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
         }
         else if( n->is_Region() ) { // Update all incoming edges
           assert(n != this, "Must be removed from DefUse edges");
-          edges_removed = n->replace_edge(this, parent_ctrl, igvn);
+          int uses_found = n->replace_edge(this, parent_ctrl, igvn);
+          if (uses_found > 1) { // (--i) done at the end of the loop.
+            i -= (uses_found - 1);
+          }
         }
         else {
           assert(n->in(0) == this, "Expect RegionNode to be control parent");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp
index c296237de37..53a72f979db 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp
@@ -121,7 +121,6 @@ macro(CompareAndExchangeI)
 macro(CompareAndExchangeL)
 macro(CompareAndExchangeP)
 macro(CompareAndExchangeN)
-macro(DeadPath)
 macro(GetAndAddB)
 macro(GetAndAddS)
 macro(GetAndAddI)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
index db43c6fb1c4..93d8e4c425d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
@@ -312,8 +312,6 @@ void Compile::identify_useful_nodes(Unique_Node_List &useful) {
   // If 'top' is cached, declare it useful to preserve cached node
   if (cached_top_node())  { useful.push(cached_top_node()); }
 
-  if (dead_path()) { useful.push(dead_path()); }
-
   // Push all useful nodes onto the list, breadthfirst
   for( uint next = 0; next < useful.size(); ++next ) {
     assert( next < unique(), "Unique useful nodes < total nodes");
@@ -390,7 +388,7 @@ void Compile::remove_useless_node(Node* dead) {
   // it reachable by adding use edges. So, we will NOT count Con nodes
   // as dead to be conservative about the dead node count at any
   // given time.
-  if (!dead->is_Con() && dead != dead_path()) {
+  if (!dead->is_Con()) {
     record_dead_node(dead->_idx);
   }
   if (dead->is_macro()) {
@@ -686,7 +684,6 @@ Compile::Compile(ciEnv* ci_env, ciMethod* target, int osr_bci,
       _node_arena_one(mtCompiler, Arena::Tag::tag_node),
       _node_arena_two(mtCompiler, Arena::Tag::tag_node),
       _node_arena(&_node_arena_one),
-      _dead_path(nullptr),
       _mach_constant_base_node(nullptr),
       _Compile_types(mtCompiler, Arena::Tag::tag_type),
       _initial_gvn(nullptr),
@@ -757,7 +754,6 @@ Compile::Compile(ciEnv* ci_env, ciMethod* target, int osr_bci,
   }
 
   Init(/*do_aliasing=*/ true);
-  set_dead_path(new DeadPathNode());
 
   print_compile_messages();
 
@@ -967,7 +963,6 @@ Compile::Compile(ciEnv* ci_env,
       _node_arena_one(mtCompiler, Arena::Tag::tag_node),
       _node_arena_two(mtCompiler, Arena::Tag::tag_node),
       _node_arena(&_node_arena_one),
-      _dead_path(nullptr),
       _mach_constant_base_node(nullptr),
       _Compile_types(mtCompiler, Arena::Tag::tag_type),
       _initial_gvn(nullptr),
@@ -2635,9 +2630,6 @@ void Compile::Optimize() {
    }
  }
 
-  // Unique DeadPath node should not be used anymore
-  _dead_path = nullptr;
-
  print_method(PHASE_OPTIMIZE_FINISHED, 2);
  DEBUG_ONLY(set_phase_optimize_finished();)
 }
@@ -3946,21 +3938,6 @@ void Compile::final_graph_reshaping_main_switch(Node* n, Final_Reshape_Counts& f
     break;
   }
 #endif
-  case Op_DeadPath: {
-    // The CFG inputs are dead paths. Replace the DeadPath with a Region and insert a Halt node.
-    assert(n->req() > 1, "why not removed if no input other than itself?");
-    RegionNode* r = new RegionNode(n->req());
-    for (uint i = 1; i < n->req(); ++i) {
-      r->set_req(i, n->in(i));
-    }
-    n->disconnect_inputs(this);
-    Node* frame = start()->proj_out(TypeFunc::FramePtr);
-    stringStream ss;
-    ss.print("dead path discovered by data nodes during igvn");
-    Node* halt = new HaltNode(r, frame, ss.as_string(comp_arena()));
-    root()->set_req(root()->find_edge(n), halt);
-    break;
-  }
   default:
     assert(!n->is_Call(), "");
     assert(!n->is_Mem(), "");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp
index 73e136787f8..ab36f59a28f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ class CallStaticJavaNode;
 class CloneMap;
 class CompilationFailureInfo;
 class ConnectionGraph;
-class DeadPathNode;
 class IdealGraphPrinter;
 class InlineTree;
 class Matcher;
@@ -428,7 +427,7 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
 private:
   RootNode*             _root;                  // Unique root of compilation, or null after bail-out.
   Node*                 _top;                   // Unique top node.  (Reset by various phases.)
-  DeadPathNode*         _dead_path;             // Unique DeadPath node
+
   Node*                 _immutable_memory;      // Initial memory state
 
   Node*                 _recent_alloc_obj;
@@ -898,12 +897,6 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
   Arena*       old_arena()                 { return (&_node_arena_one == _node_arena) ? &_node_arena_two : &_node_arena_one; }
   RootNode*    root() const                { return _root; }
   void         set_root(RootNode* r)       { _root = r; }
-  DeadPathNode* dead_path() const          { return _dead_path; }
-
-  void set_dead_path(DeadPathNode* dead_path) {
-    assert(_dead_path == nullptr, "can only set once");
-    _dead_path = dead_path;
-  }
   StartNode*   start() const;              // (Derived from root.)
   void         verify_start(StartNode* s) const NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
   Node*        immutable_memory();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/convertnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/convertnode.cpp
index d706a13feb3..a495814da61 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/convertnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/convertnode.cpp
@@ -755,6 +755,13 @@ bool Compile::push_thru_add(PhaseGVN* phase, Node* z, const TypeInteger* tz, con
 
 //------------------------------Ideal------------------------------------------
 Node* ConvI2LNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
+  if (in(1) != nullptr && phase->type(in(1)) != Type::TOP) {
+    Node* progress = TypeNode::Ideal(phase, can_reshape);
+    if (progress != nullptr) {
+      return progress;
+    }
+  }
+
   const TypeLong* this_type = this->type()->is_long();
   if (can_reshape && !phase->C->post_loop_opts_phase()) {
     // makes sure we run ::Value to potentially remove type assertion after loop opts
@@ -857,6 +864,13 @@ const Type* ConvL2INode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
 // Return a node which is more "ideal" than the current node.
 // Blow off prior masking to int
 Node* ConvL2INode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
+  if (in(1) != nullptr && phase->type(in(1)) != Type::TOP) {
+    Node* progress = TypeNode::Ideal(phase, can_reshape);
+    if (progress != nullptr) {
+      return progress;
+    }
+  }
+
   Node *andl = in(1);
   uint andl_op = andl->Opcode();
   if( andl_op == Op_AndL ) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp
index 3b51491294e..1687ff2cade 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp
@@ -1031,10 +1031,6 @@ const Type* UDivINode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
   if( t1 == Type::TOP ) return Type::TOP;
   if( t2 == Type::TOP ) return Type::TOP;
 
-  if (t2 == TypeInt::ZERO) {
-    return Type::TOP;
-  }
-
   // x/x == 1 since we always generate the dynamic divisor check for 0.
   if (in(1) == in(2)) {
     return TypeInt::ONE;
@@ -1071,10 +1067,6 @@ const Type* UDivLNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
   if( t1 == Type::TOP ) return Type::TOP;
   if( t2 == Type::TOP ) return Type::TOP;
 
-  if (t2 == TypeLong::ZERO) {
-    return Type::TOP;
-  }
-
   // x/x == 1 since we always generate the dynamic divisor check for 0.
   if (in(1) == in(2)) {
     return TypeLong::ONE;
@@ -1388,9 +1380,6 @@ Node* UModINode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
 }
 
 const Type* UModINode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
-  if (phase->type(in(2)) == TypeInt::ZERO) {
-    return Type::TOP;
-  }
   return unsigned_mod_value<TypeInt, juint, jint>(phase, this);
 }
 
@@ -1531,9 +1520,6 @@ Node *UModLNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
 }
 
 const Type* UModLNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
-  if (phase->type(in(2)) == TypeLong::ZERO) {
-    return Type::TOP;
-  }
   return unsigned_mod_value<TypeLong, julong, jlong>(phase, this);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp
index de89dcaad06..366e3fb882d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp
@@ -40,9 +40,7 @@ class DivModIntegerNode : public Node {
   bool _pinned;
 
 protected:
-  DivModIntegerNode(Node* c, Node* dividend, Node* divisor) : Node(c, dividend, divisor), _pinned(false) {
-    init_class_id(Class_DivModInteger);
-  }
+  DivModIntegerNode(Node* c, Node* dividend, Node* divisor) : Node(c, dividend, divisor), _pinned(false) {}
 
 private:
   virtual uint size_of() const override { return sizeof(DivModIntegerNode); }
@@ -54,15 +52,6 @@ class DivModIntegerNode : public Node {
     res->_pinned = true;
     return res;
   }
-
-public:
-  const TypeInteger* zero() const {
-    if (bottom_type() == TypeInt::INT) {
-      return TypeInt::ZERO;
-    }
-    assert(bottom_type() == TypeLong::LONG, "should be int or long");
-    return TypeLong::ZERO;
-  }
 };
 
 //------------------------------DivINode---------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp
index d525c274ef6..ccd53129a87 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp
@@ -1725,7 +1725,7 @@ void PhaseIdealLoop::try_sink_out_of_loop(Node* n) {
       !n->is_OpaqueTemplateAssertionPredicate() &&
       !is_raw_to_oop_cast && // don't extend live ranges of raw oops
       n->Opcode() != Op_CreateEx &&
-      (KillPathsReachableByDeadDataNode || !n->is_Type())
+      (KillPathsReachableByDeadTypeNode || !n->is_Type())
       ) {
     Node *n_ctrl = get_ctrl(n);
     IdealLoopTree *n_loop = get_loop(n_ctrl);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/movenode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/movenode.cpp
index 7d38238da2f..6b6becb434f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/movenode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/movenode.cpp
@@ -90,6 +90,11 @@ Node *CMoveNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
       phase->type(in(IfTrue))    == Type::TOP) {
     return nullptr;
   }
+  Node* progress = TypeNode::Ideal(phase, can_reshape);
+  if (progress != nullptr) {
+    return progress;
+  }
+
   // Check for Min/Max patterns. This is called before constants are pushed to the right input, as that transform can
   // make BoolTests non-canonical.
   Node* minmax = Ideal_minmax(phase, this);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp
index 264216ddc6d..726a3ea1b55 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp
@@ -597,7 +597,6 @@ void Node::setup_is_top() {
 //------------------------------~Node------------------------------------------
 // Fancy destructor; eagerly attempt to reclaim Node numberings and storage
 void Node::destruct(PhaseValues* phase) {
-  assert(this != Compile::current()->dead_path(), "we want to keep the unique DeadPath node around");
   Compile* compile = (phase != nullptr) ? phase->C : Compile::current();
   if (phase != nullptr && phase->is_IterGVN()) {
     phase->is_IterGVN()->_worklist.remove(this);
@@ -736,14 +735,11 @@ void Node::out_grow(uint len) {
 //------------------------------is_dead----------------------------------------
 bool Node::is_dead() const {
   // Mach and pinch point nodes may look like dead.
-  if (is_top() || is_Mach() || (Opcode() == Op_Node && _outcnt > 0) || this == Compile::current()->dead_path()) {
+  if( is_top() || is_Mach() || (Opcode() == Op_Node && _outcnt > 0) )
     return false;
-  }
-  for (uint i = 0; i < _max; i++) {
-    if (_in[i] != nullptr) {
+  for( uint i = 0; i < _max; i++ )
+    if( _in[i] != nullptr )
       return false;
-    }
-  }
   return true;
 }
 
@@ -3182,11 +3178,10 @@ uint TypeNode::ideal_reg() const {
   return _type->ideal_reg();
 }
 
-void Node::make_path_dead(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, Node* ctrl_use, uint j, const char* phase_str) {
+void TypeNode::make_path_dead(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, Node* ctrl_use, uint j, const char* phase_str) {
   Node* c = ctrl_use->in(j);
-  Node* top = igvn->C->top();
-  if (c != top) {
-    igvn->replace_input_of(ctrl_use, j, top);
+  if (igvn->type(c) != Type::TOP) {
+    igvn->replace_input_of(ctrl_use, j, igvn->C->top());
     create_halt_path(igvn, c, loop, phase_str);
   }
 }
@@ -3198,18 +3193,14 @@ void Node::make_path_dead(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, Node* ctrl_u
 // constant folds and the control flow that leads to the Type node becomes unreachable. There are cases where that
 // doesn't happen, however. They are handled here by following uses of the Type node until a CFG or a Phi to find dead
 // paths. The dead paths are then replaced by a Halt node.
-void Node::make_paths_from_here_dead(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, const char* phase_str) {
+void TypeNode::make_paths_from_here_dead(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, const char* phase_str) {
   Unique_Node_List wq;
   wq.push(this);
   for (uint i = 0; i < wq.size(); ++i) {
     Node* n = wq.at(i);
-    if (n->is_CFG()) {
-      n->remove_dead_region(igvn, true);
-    }
     for (DUIterator_Fast kmax, k = n->fast_outs(kmax); k < kmax; k++) {
       Node* u = n->fast_out(k);
       if (u->is_CFG()) {
-        wq.push(u);
         assert(!u->is_Region(), "Can't reach a Region without going through a Phi");
         make_path_dead(igvn, loop, u, 0, phase_str);
       } else if (u->is_Phi()) {
@@ -3229,7 +3220,7 @@ void Node::make_paths_from_here_dead(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, c
   }
 }
 
-void Node::create_halt_path(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node* c, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, const char* phase_str) {
+void TypeNode::create_halt_path(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node* c, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, const char* phase_str) const {
   Node* frame = new ParmNode(igvn->C->start(), TypeFunc::FramePtr);
   if (loop == nullptr) {
     igvn->register_new_node_with_optimizer(frame);
@@ -3248,3 +3239,15 @@ void Node::create_halt_path(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node* c, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, c
   }
   igvn->add_input_to(igvn->C->root(), halt);
 }
+
+Node* TypeNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
+  if (KillPathsReachableByDeadTypeNode && can_reshape && Value(phase) == Type::TOP) {
+    PhaseIterGVN* igvn = phase->is_IterGVN();
+    Node* top = igvn->C->top();
+    ResourceMark rm;
+    make_paths_from_here_dead(igvn, nullptr, "igvn");
+    return top;
+  }
+
+  return Node::Ideal(phase, can_reshape);
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp
index e593822c313..b3de7498e50 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp
@@ -82,7 +82,6 @@ class CountedLoopEndNode;
 class DecodeNarrowPtrNode;
 class DecodeNNode;
 class DecodeNKlassNode;
-class DivModIntegerNode;
 class EncodeNarrowPtrNode;
 class EncodePNode;
 class EncodePKlassNode;
@@ -830,9 +829,8 @@ class Node {
     DEFINE_CLASS_ID(LShift,   Node, 21)
     DEFINE_CLASS_ID(Neg,      Node, 22)
     DEFINE_CLASS_ID(ReachabilityFence, Node, 23)
-    DEFINE_CLASS_ID(DivModInteger, Node, 24)
 
-    _max_classes  = ClassMask_DivModInteger
+    _max_classes  = ClassMask_Neg
   };
   #undef DEFINE_CLASS_ID
 
@@ -949,7 +947,6 @@ class Node {
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(DecodeNarrowPtr)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(DecodeN)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(DecodeNKlass)
-  DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(DivModInteger)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(EncodeNarrowPtr)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(EncodeP)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(EncodePKlass)
@@ -1504,10 +1501,6 @@ class Node {
   uint        _del_tick;               // Bumped when a deletion happens..
   #endif
 #endif
-  void make_paths_from_here_dead(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, const char* phase_str);
-
-  static void create_halt_path(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node* c, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, const char* phase_str);
-  void make_path_dead(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, Node* ctrl_use, uint j, const char* phase_str);
 };
 
 inline bool not_a_node(const Node* n) {
@@ -2205,13 +2198,17 @@ class TypeNode : public Node {
     init_class_id(Class_Type);
   }
   virtual const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const;
+  virtual Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape);
   virtual const Type *bottom_type() const;
   virtual       uint  ideal_reg() const;
 
+  void make_path_dead(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, Node* ctrl_use, uint j, const char* phase_str);
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   virtual void dump_spec(outputStream *st) const;
   virtual void dump_compact_spec(outputStream *st) const;
 #endif
+  void make_paths_from_here_dead(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, const char* phase_str);
+  void create_halt_path(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node* c, PhaseIdealLoop* loop, const char* phase_str) const;
 };
 
 #include "opto/opcodes.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
index 6e58fae51e1..9cb20cfcd00 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
@@ -1843,7 +1843,7 @@ void Parse::sharpen_type_after_if(BoolTest::mask btest,
     const Type* obj_type = _gvn.type(obj);
     const Type* tboth = obj_type->filter_speculative(cast_type);
     assert(tboth->higher_equal(obj_type) && tboth->higher_equal(cast_type), "sanity");
-    if (tboth == Type::TOP && KillPathsReachableByDeadDataNode) {
+    if (tboth == Type::TOP && KillPathsReachableByDeadTypeNode) {
       // Let dead type node cleaning logic prune effectively dead path for us.
       // CheckCastPP::Value() == TOP and it will trigger the cleanup during GVN.
       // Don't materialize the cast when cleanup is disabled, because
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
index c124f940a27..a4d6a6c33d0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@
 #include "opto/castnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/cfgnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/convertnode.hpp"
-#include "opto/divnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/idealGraphPrinter.hpp"
 #include "opto/loopnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/machnode.hpp"
@@ -2198,107 +2197,6 @@ Node *PhaseIterGVN::transform( Node *n ) {
   return transform_old(n);
 }
 
-DeadPathNode* PhaseIterGVN::dead_path() {
-  DeadPathNode* dead_path_node = C->dead_path();
-  if (!dead_path_node->is_active()) {
-    dead_path_node->activate(this);
-  }
-  assert(C->root()->find_edge(dead_path_node) > 0, "should be reachable from root");
-  return dead_path_node;
-}
-
-
-// If dead_node is a data node, all CFG nodes reachable from dead_node are dead cfg paths. This method follows uses from
-// dead_node until it encounters a cfg node or a phi and eagerly kills these dead cfg paths. This is needed because, in
-// some corner cases, a data node dies but some data paths that use it (and are unreachable at runtime) are not proven
-// dead by igvn, possibly leading to incorrect IR graphs.
-// Also see comment at DeadPathNode declaration.
-void PhaseIterGVN::make_dependent_paths_dead_if_top(Node* dead_node, const Type* t) {
-  if (t != Type::TOP) {
-    return;
-  }
-  if (!KillPathsReachableByDeadDataNode) {
-    return;
-  }
-  // dead_node is going dead, follow uses
-  ResourceMark rm;
-  Unique_Node_List wq;
-  wq.push(dead_node);
-  for (uint i = 0; i < wq.size(); i++) {
-    Node* n = wq.at(i);
-    if (n != dead_node && (n->is_Phi() || n->is_CFG())) {
-      continue;
-    }
-    for (DUIterator_Fast kmax, k = n->fast_outs(kmax); k < kmax; k++) {
-      Node* u = n->fast_out(k);
-      wq.push(u);
-    }
-  }
-  for (uint i = 0; i < wq.size(); i++) {
-    Node* n = wq.at(i);
-    if (n->is_Phi()) {
-      Node* region = n->in(0);
-      // Find out through which of the Phi's input, we reached that Phi and mark the corresponding CFG path dead
-      for (uint j = 1; j < n->req(); j++) {
-        Node* in = n->in(j);
-        // We don't follow uses beyond Phis so if 'in' is a Phi (unless it's dead_node), we couldn't reach this Phi through it
-        if (in == dead_node || (in != nullptr && !in->is_Phi() && wq.member(in))) {
-          if (!region->is_top() && region->in(j) != nullptr && !region->in(j)->is_top()) {
-            // We reached this CFG path through data nodes, record it in dead path to later insert a Halt node, if it
-            // doesn't die in the meantime
-            dead_path()->add_req(region->in(j));
-            _worklist.push(dead_path());
-            replace_input_of(region, j, C->top());
-          }
-          replace_input_of(n, j, C->top());
-          if (in->outcnt() == 0) {
-            remove_dead_node(in, NodeOrigin::Graph);
-          }
-        }
-      }
-      continue;
-    }
-    if (n == dead_node) {
-      continue;
-    }
-    // We don't want to follow CFG nodes but is_CFG() can return false for a cfg projection if its input is top. So
-    // there's no foolproof way of telling if dead_node is a cfg or not and as a consequence we can reach a Region.
-    if (n->is_Region()) {
-      // Find out through which of the Region's input, we reached that Region and mark it dead
-      for (uint j = 1; j < n->req(); j++) {
-        Node* in = n->in(j);
-        // We don't follow uses beyond Regions so if 'in' is a Region, we couldn't reach this Region through it
-        if (in != nullptr && !in->is_Region() && wq.member(in)) {
-          replace_input_of(n, j, C->top());
-          in->remove_dead_region(this, true);
-        }
-      }
-      continue;
-    }
-    // If we reached this CFG node through a data input...
-    if (n->is_CFG()) {
-      Node* control_input = n->in(0);
-      if (control_input != nullptr && !control_input->is_top()) {
-        // record it in dead path to later insert a Halt node, if it doesn't die in the meantime
-        dead_path()->add_req(control_input);
-        _worklist.push(dead_path());
-        replace_input_of(n, 0, C->top());
-      }
-      n->remove_dead_region(this, true);
-      continue;
-    }
-    if (n->outcnt() == 0) {
-      remove_dead_node(n, NodeOrigin::Graph);
-    }
-  }
-#ifdef ASSERT
-  for (uint i = 0; i < wq.size(); i++) {
-    Node* n = wq.at(i);
-    assert(n->is_Region() || n->is_Phi() || n->is_CFG() || n->outcnt() == 0, "node should be dead now");
-  }
-#endif
-}
-
 Node *PhaseIterGVN::transform_old(Node* n) {
   NOT_PRODUCT(set_transforms());
   // Remove 'n' from hash table in case it gets modified
@@ -2390,7 +2288,6 @@ Node *PhaseIterGVN::transform_old(Node* n) {
   }
   // If 'k' computes a constant, replace it with a constant
   if (t->singleton() && !k->is_Con()) {
-    make_dependent_paths_dead_if_top(k, t);
     set_progress();
     Node* con = makecon(t);     // Make a constant
     add_users_to_worklist(k);
@@ -3060,14 +2957,10 @@ void PhaseCCP::analyze_step(Unique_Node_List& worklist, Node* n) {
     set_type(n, new_type);
     push_child_nodes_to_worklist(worklist, n);
   }
-  if (KillPathsReachableByDeadDataNode && n->is_Type() && new_type == Type::TOP) {
+  if (KillPathsReachableByDeadTypeNode && n->is_Type() && new_type == Type::TOP) {
     // Keep track of Type nodes to kill CFG paths that use Type
     // nodes that become dead.
-    _maybe_top_type_or_div_mod_nodes.push(n);
-  }
-  if (KillPathsReachableByDeadDataNode && new_type == Type::TOP && n->is_DivModInteger() &&
-      type(n->in(2)) == n->as_DivModInteger()->zero()) {
-    _maybe_top_type_or_div_mod_nodes.push(n);
+    _maybe_top_type_nodes.push(n);
   }
 }
 
@@ -3363,16 +3256,16 @@ Node *PhaseCCP::transform( Node *n ) {
   // track all visited nodes, so that we can remove the complement
   Unique_Node_List useful;
 
-  if (KillPathsReachableByDeadDataNode) {
-    for (uint i = 0; i < _maybe_top_type_or_div_mod_nodes.size(); ++i) {
-      Node* data_node = _maybe_top_type_or_div_mod_nodes.at(i);
-      if (type(data_node) == Type::TOP) {
+  if (KillPathsReachableByDeadTypeNode) {
+    for (uint i = 0; i < _maybe_top_type_nodes.size(); ++i) {
+      Node* type_node = _maybe_top_type_nodes.at(i);
+      if (type(type_node) == Type::TOP) {
         ResourceMark rm;
-        data_node->make_paths_from_here_dead(this, nullptr, "ccp");
+        type_node->as_Type()->make_paths_from_here_dead(this, nullptr, "ccp");
       }
     }
   } else {
-    assert(_maybe_top_type_or_div_mod_nodes.size() == 0, "we don't need type nodes");
+    assert(_maybe_top_type_nodes.size() == 0, "we don't need type nodes");
   }
 
   // Initialize the traversal.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp
index 7ea7aa99142..014d16f92f6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp
@@ -501,10 +501,6 @@ class PhaseIterGVN : public PhaseGVN {
   // Usually returns new_type.  Returns old_type if new_type is only a slight
   // improvement, such that it would take many (>>10) steps to reach 2**32.
 
-  DeadPathNode* dead_path();
-
-  void make_dependent_paths_dead_if_top(Node* dead_node, const Type* t);
-
 public:
 
   PhaseIterGVN(PhaseIterGVN* igvn); // Used by CCP constructor
@@ -699,7 +695,7 @@ class PhaseIterGVN : public PhaseGVN {
 // Should be replaced with combined CCP & GVN someday.
 class PhaseCCP : public PhaseIterGVN {
   Unique_Node_List _root_and_safepoints;
-  Unique_Node_List _maybe_top_type_or_div_mod_nodes;
+  Unique_Node_List _maybe_top_type_nodes;
   // Non-recursive.  Use analysis to transform single Node.
   virtual Node* transform_once(Node* n);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/rootnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/rootnode.cpp
index 1e5ef29e79c..60167c5436a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/rootnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/rootnode.cpp
@@ -90,48 +90,3 @@ const Type* HaltNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
 const RegMask &HaltNode::out_RegMask() const {
   return RegMask::EMPTY;
 }
-
-Node* DeadPathNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
-  assert(unique_ctrl_out() == phase->C->root(), "only referenced from root");
-  assert(can_reshape, "only used once igvn executes");
-  bool modified = false;
-  for (uint i = 1; i < req(); i++) { // For all inputs
-    // Check for and remove dead inputs
-    if (phase->type(in(i)) == Type::TOP) {
-      del_req(i--);             // Delete TOP inputs
-      modified = true;
-    }
-  }
-  if (req() == 1 && is_active()) {
-    assert(modified, "only if some inputs were removed");
-    deactivate();
-  }
-  return modified ? this : nullptr;
-}
-
-const Type* DeadPathNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
-  if (req() == 1) {
-    return Type::TOP;
-  }
-  return bottom_type();
-}
-
-void DeadPathNode::activate(PhaseIterGVN* igvn) {
-  assert(Compile::current()->root()->find_edge(this) < 0, "should be disconnected from root");
-  set_req(0, this);
-  // If an entire subgraph died such as with Node::remove_dead_region(), some dead inputs to the DeadPath node will have
-  // been left behind
-  while (req() > 1) {
-    uint last = req() - 1;
-    assert(in(last) == nullptr || in(last)->is_top(), "only dead inputs should remain");
-    del_req(last);
-  }
-  Node* root_node = Compile::current()->root();
-  root_node->add_req(this);
-  igvn->_worklist.push(root_node);
-  igvn->set_type(this, bottom_type());
-}
-
-void DeadPathNode::deactivate() {
-  set_req(0, nullptr);
-}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/rootnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/rootnode.hpp
index 61ad317d455..76f0ec440a9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/rootnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/rootnode.hpp
@@ -69,35 +69,4 @@ class HaltNode : public Node {
   virtual uint match_edge(uint idx) const { return 0; }
 };
 
-
-// This node collects paths that are found dead by PhaseIterGVN::make_dependent_paths_dead_if_top()
-
-// There is a single DeadPath node for the lifetime of optimizations. It's initially not active (i.e. unreachable from
-// the IR graph). When a cfg path becomes dead it's added as an input to the unique DeadPath node. If after some
-// optimizations run, the DeadPath node gets disconnected, it's not destroyed. It becomes inactive and can possibly be
-// activated again on a subsequent igvn. When optimizations are over, the DeadPath node, if it is active, is expanded to
-// a Region and Halt node in Compile::final_graph_reshaping().
-
-// Rather than having this dedicated node, igvn could add a Halt node everytime it finds a dead cfg path from a data
-// node. What's likely, however, is that as igvn progresses, that same cfg path is found dead by following cfg edges.
-// The Halt node then becomes dead. To avoid this unnecessary cycle of creation of a Halt node only to have it be found
-// dead shortly after, dead cfg paths are added to the unique DeadPath node.
-class DeadPathNode : public RegionNode {
-public:
-  DeadPathNode() : RegionNode(1) {
-    deactivate();
-    assert(Compile::current()->dead_path() == nullptr, "only one");
-  }
-  virtual int   Opcode() const;
-  virtual const Type* bottom_type() const { return Type::BOTTOM; }
-  virtual Node* Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) { return this; }
-  virtual Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape);
-  virtual const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const;
-  bool is_active() const {
-    return in(0) == this;
-  }
-  void activate(PhaseIterGVN* igvn);
-  void deactivate();
-};
-
 #endif // SHARE_OPTO_ROOTNODE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
index 60eda1204b7..20857eed35c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
@@ -2391,7 +2391,7 @@ Node* VectorMaskOpNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
   if (n != nullptr) {
     return n;
   }
-  return nullptr;
+  return TypeNode::Ideal(phase, can_reshape);
 }
 
 Node* VectorMaskCastNode::Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestDeadPathManyDeadDataNodes.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestDeadPathManyDeadDataNodes.java
deleted file mode 100644
index e9c5a8f7529..00000000000
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestDeadPathManyDeadDataNodes.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1301 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
- *
- * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
- * accompanied this code).
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
- * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *
- * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
- * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
- * questions.
- */
-
-/**
- * @test
- * @bug 8380166
- * @summary C2: crash in compiled code due to zero division because of widened CastII
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -Xcomp -XX:CompileOnly=TestDeadPathManyDeadDataNodes::test1
- *                   -XX:CompileCommand=quiet
- *                   -XX:CompileCommand=inline,TestDeadPathManyDeadDataNodes::inlined1
- *                   -XX:MaxRecursiveInlineLevel=1000 -XX:MaxInlineLevel=1000
- *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline
- *                   -XX:+DelayAfterInliningCutoff -XX:+IncrementalInlineForceCleanup
- *                   -XX:NodeCountInliningCutoff=100000 -XX:+StressIGVN
- *                   ${test.main.class}
- * @run main ${test.main.class}
- */
-
-package compiler.c2;
-
-public class TestDeadPathManyDeadDataNodes {
-    private static int field;
-    private static boolean boolField2;
-    private static int arrayLengthField;
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) {
-        Object o = new Object();
-        try {
-            test1(false, 0);
-        } catch (NegativeArraySizeException nase) {
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static int test1(boolean boolParam, int intParam) {
-        int length;
-        int res = 0;
-        length = -1;
-        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
-            if (boolParam) {
-                field = 42;
-            }
-            int[] array = new int[length];
-            arrayLengthField = array.length;
-            while(true) {
-                Object o = new Object();
-                int arrayLength = arrayLengthField;
-                arrayLengthField = 0;
-                switch (intParam) {
-                    case 0:
-                        if (boolField2) {
-                            break;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 1:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 2:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 3:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 4:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 5:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 6:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 7:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 8:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 9:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 10:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 11:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 12:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 13:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 14:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 15:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 16:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 17:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 18:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 19:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 20:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 21:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 22:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 23:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 24:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 25:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 26:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 27:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 28:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 29:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 30:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 31:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 32:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 33:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 34:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 35:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 36:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 37:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 38:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 39:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 40:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 41:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 42:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 43:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 44:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 45:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 46:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 47:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 48:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 49:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 50:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 51:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 52:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 53:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 54:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 55:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 56:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 57:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 58:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 59:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 60:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 61:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 62:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 63:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 64:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 65:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 66:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 67:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 68:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 69:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 70:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 71:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 72:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 73:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 74:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 75:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 76:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 77:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 78:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 79:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 80:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 81:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 82:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 83:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 84:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 85:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 86:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 87:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 88:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 89:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 90:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 91:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 92:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 93:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 94:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 95:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 96:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 97:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 98:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 1;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    case 99:
-                        if (boolParam) {
-                            res += arrayLength * 2;
-                        }
-                        field = 42;
-                        continue;
-                    default:
-                        res += inlined1(boolParam, intParam/100, arrayLength, 92);
-                        continue;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                break;
-            }
-            length = lastInlined();
-        }
-        return res;
-    }
-
-    static int lastInlined() {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    static int inlined1(boolean boolParam, int intParam,  int arrayLength, int count) {
-        int res = 0;
-        switch (intParam) {
-            case 0:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 1:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 2:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 3:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 4:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 5:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 6:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 7:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 8:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 9:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 10:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 11:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 12:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 13:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 14:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 15:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 16:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 17:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 18:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 19:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 20:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 21:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 22:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 23:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 24:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 25:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 26:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 27:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 28:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 29:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 30:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 31:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 32:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 33:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 34:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 35:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 36:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 37:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 38:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 39:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 40:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 41:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 42:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 43:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 44:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 45:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 46:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 47:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 48:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 49:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 50:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 51:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 52:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 53:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 54:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 55:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 56:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 57:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 58:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 59:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 60:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 61:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 62:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 63:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 64:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 65:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 66:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 67:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 68:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 69:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 70:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 71:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 72:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 73:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 74:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 75:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 76:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 77:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 78:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 79:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 80:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 81:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 82:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 83:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 84:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 85:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 86:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 87:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 88:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 89:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 90:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 91:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 92:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 93:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 94:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 95:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 96:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 97:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 98:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            case 99:
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 2;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-            default:
-                if (count == 0) {
-                if (boolParam) {
-                    res += arrayLength * 1;
-                }
-                field = 42;
-                return res;
-                } else {
-                    return inlined1(boolParam, intParam / 100, arrayLength, count-1);
-                }
-        }
-    }
-}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/integerArithmetic/TestDivByZeroInLiveCFGPath.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/integerArithmetic/TestDivByZeroInLiveCFGPath.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 6eaf3d86e71..00000000000
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/integerArithmetic/TestDivByZeroInLiveCFGPath.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
- *
- * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
- * accompanied this code).
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
- * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *
- * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
- * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
- * questions.
- */
-
-/**
- * @test
- * @bug 8383815
- * @summary C2: assert(false) failed: malformed IfNode with 1 outputs
- * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}*::* -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xbatch -XX:PerMethodTrapLimit=0 ${test.main.class}
- * @run main ${test.main.class}
- */
-
-package compiler.integerArithmetic;
-
-public class TestDivByZeroInLiveCFGPath {
-    static long lFld;
-    static int iArr[] = new int[400];
-
-    public static void main(String[] strArr) {
-        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-            test();
-        }
-    }
-
-    static void test() {
-        int x;
-        for (int i = 9; i < 100; ++i) {
-            int j = 100;
-            while (--j > 0) {
-                iArr[1] = (int) lFld;
-            }
-            try {
-                iArr[1] = (5 / j);
-                x = (i / iArr[8]);
-            } catch (ArithmeticException a_e) {
-            }
-        }
-
-        for (int i = 18; i < 50; i++) {
-            iArr[2] += lFld;
-        }
-    }
-}
-
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/integerArithmetic/TestZeroDivModWidenedCastII.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/integerArithmetic/TestZeroDivModWidenedCastII.java
deleted file mode 100644
index a5bc8fc9287..00000000000
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/integerArithmetic/TestZeroDivModWidenedCastII.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1122 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
- *
- * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
- * accompanied this code).
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
- * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *
- * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
- * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
- * questions.
- */
-
-/**
- * @test
- * @bug 8380166
- * @summary C2: crash in compiled code due to zero division because of widened CastII
- *
- * @run main/othervm -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:-UseOnStackReplacement -XX:-BackgroundCompilation
- *                   ${test.main.class}
- * @run main ${test.main.class}
- *
- */
-
-package compiler.integerArithmetic;
-
-public class TestZeroDivModWidenedCastII {
-    private static int intField;
-    private static long longField;
-    private static volatile int volatileField;
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) {
-        for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; i++) {
-            test1(0, 9, 1, true, false);
-            test1(0, 9, 1, false, false);
-            inlined1_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
-            inlined1_3(0, 0);
-            test2(0, 9, 1, true, false);
-            test2(0, 9, 1, false, false);
-            inlined2_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
-            inlined2_3(0, 0);
-            test3(0, 9, 1, true, false);
-            test3(0, 9, 1, false, false);
-            inlined3_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
-            inlined3_3(0, 0);
-            test4(0, 9, 1, true, false);
-            test4(0, 9, 1, false, false);
-            inlined4_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
-            inlined4_3(0, 0);
-            test5(0, 9, 1, true, false);
-            test5(0, 9, 1, false, false);
-            inlined5_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
-            inlined5_3(0, 0);
-            test6(0, 9, 1, true, false);
-            test6(0, 9, 1, false, false);
-            inlined6_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
-            inlined6_3(0, 0);
-            test7(0, 9, 1, true, false);
-            test7(0, 9, 1, false, false);
-            inlined7_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
-            inlined7_3(0, 0);
-            test8(0, 9, 1, true, false);
-            test8(0, 9, 1, false, false);
-            inlined8_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
-            inlined8_3(0, 0);
-            test9(0, 9, 1, true, false);
-            test9(0, 9, 1, false, false);
-            inlined9_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
-            inlined9_3(0, 0);
-            test10(0, 9, 1, false);
-            inlined10_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
-            inlined10_3(0, 0);
-            test11(0, 9, 1, false);
-            inlined11_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
-            inlined11_3(0, 0);
-            test12(0, 9, 1, false);
-            inlined12_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
-            inlined12_3(0, 0);
-            test13(0, 9, 1, false);
-            inlined13_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
-            inlined13_3(0, 0);
-            test14(0, 9, 1, false);
-            inlined14_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
-            inlined14_3(0, 0);
-            test15(0, 9, 1, false);
-            inlined15_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
-            inlined15_3(0, 0);
-            test16(0, 9, 1, false);
-            inlined16_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
-            inlined16_3(0, 0);
-            test17(0, 9, 1, false);
-            inlined17_2(9, 1, 1, true, 0);
-            inlined17_3(0, 0);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static void test1(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag2, boolean flag3) {
-        int l = 0;
-        for (; l < 10; l++);
-        int m = inlined1_3(j, l);
-
-        int i = inlined1(k, flag2);
-        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
-        int[] array = new int[10];
-        if (flag == 0) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-        }
-        if (flag2) {
-            inlined1_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-        } else {
-            inlined1_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static int inlined1_3(int j, int l) {
-        if (l == 10) {
-            j = 1;
-        }
-        return j;
-    }
-
-    private static void inlined1_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
-        if (flag3) {
-            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
-            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
-            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
-            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
-            if (flag == 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-            }
-            intField = 1 / (otherArray.length + 2);
-        }
-    }
-
-    static int[] arrayField1 = new int[10];
-
-    // produces -3 after macro expansion
-    private static int inlined1(int k, boolean flag2) {
-        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
-        arrayField1[0] = -3;
-        int[] array2;
-        if (flag2) {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        } else {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        }
-        int j;
-        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
-            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-
-            }
-        }
-        return arrayField1[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
-    }
-
-    private static void test2(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag2, boolean flag3) {
-        int l = 0;
-        for (; l < 10; l++);
-        int m = inlined2_3(j, l);
-
-        int i = inlined2(k, flag2);
-        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
-        int[] array = new int[10];
-        if (flag == 0) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-        }
-        if (flag2) {
-            inlined2_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-        } else {
-            inlined2_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static int inlined2_3(int j, int l) {
-        if (l == 10) {
-            j = 1;
-        }
-        return j;
-    }
-
-    static int test2D = 1;
-
-    private static void inlined2_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
-        if (flag3) {
-            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
-            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
-            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
-            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
-            if (flag == 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-            }
-            intField = test2D / (otherArray.length + 2);
-        }
-    }
-
-    static int[] arrayField2 = new int[10];
-
-    // produces 0 after macro expansion
-    private static int inlined2(int k, boolean flag2) {
-        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
-        arrayField2[0] = -3;
-        int[] array2;
-        if (flag2) {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        } else {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        }
-        int j;
-        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
-            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-
-            }
-        }
-        return arrayField2[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
-    }
-
-    private static void test3(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag2, boolean flag3) {
-        int l = 0;
-        for (; l < 10; l++);
-        int m = inlined3_3(j, l);
-
-        int i = inlined3(k, flag2);
-        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
-        int[] array = new int[10];
-        if (flag == 0) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-        }
-        if (flag2) {
-            inlined3_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-        } else {
-            inlined3_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static int inlined3_3(int j, int l) {
-        if (l == 10) {
-            j = 1;
-        }
-        return j;
-    }
-
-    static long test3D = 1;
-
-    private static void inlined3_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
-        if (flag3) {
-            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
-            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
-            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
-            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
-            if (flag == 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-            }
-            longField = test3D / (otherArray.length + 2);
-        }
-    }
-
-    static int[] arrayField3 = new int[10];
-
-    // produces 0 after macro expansion
-    private static int inlined3(int k, boolean flag2) {
-        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
-        arrayField3[0] = -3;
-        int[] array2;
-        if (flag2) {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        } else {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        }
-        int j;
-        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
-            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-
-            }
-        }
-        return arrayField3[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
-    }
-
-    private static void test4(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag2, boolean flag3) {
-        int l = 0;
-        for (; l < 10; l++);
-        int m = inlined4_3(j, l);
-
-        int i = inlined4(k, flag2);
-        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
-        int[] array = new int[10];
-        if (flag == 0) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-        }
-        if (flag2) {
-            inlined4_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-        } else {
-            inlined4_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static int inlined4_3(int j, int l) {
-        if (l == 10) {
-            j = 1;
-        }
-        return j;
-    }
-
-    static int test4D = 1;
-
-    private static void inlined4_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
-        if (flag3) {
-            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
-            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
-            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
-            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
-            if (flag == 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-            }
-            intField = test4D % (otherArray.length + 2);
-        }
-    }
-
-    static int[] arrayField4 = new int[10];
-
-    // produces 0 after macro expansion
-    private static int inlined4(int k, boolean flag2) {
-        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
-        arrayField4[0] = -3;
-        int[] array2;
-        if (flag2) {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        } else {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        }
-        int j;
-        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
-            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-
-            }
-        }
-        return arrayField4[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
-    }
-
-    private static void test5(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag2, boolean flag3) {
-        int l = 0;
-        for (; l < 10; l++);
-        int m = inlined5_3(j, l);
-
-        int i = inlined5(k, flag2);
-        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
-        int[] array = new int[10];
-        if (flag == 0) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-        }
-        if (flag2) {
-            inlined5_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-        } else {
-            inlined5_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static int inlined5_3(int j, int l) {
-        if (l == 10) {
-            j = 1;
-        }
-        return j;
-    }
-
-    static long test5D = 1;
-
-    private static void inlined5_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
-        if (flag3) {
-            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
-            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
-            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
-            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
-            if (flag == 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-            }
-            longField = test5D % (otherArray.length + 2);
-        }
-    }
-
-    static int[] arrayField5 = new int[10];
-
-    // produces 0 after macro expansion
-    private static int inlined5(int k, boolean flag2) {
-        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
-        arrayField5[0] = -3;
-        int[] array2;
-        if (flag2) {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        } else {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        }
-        int j;
-        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
-            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-
-            }
-        }
-        return arrayField5[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
-    }
-
-    private static void test6(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag2, boolean flag3) {
-        int l = 0;
-        for (; l < 10; l++);
-        int m = inlined6_3(j, l);
-
-        int i = inlined6(k, flag2);
-        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
-        int[] array = new int[10];
-        if (flag == 0) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-        }
-        if (flag2) {
-            inlined6_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-        } else {
-            inlined6_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static int inlined6_3(int j, int l) {
-        if (l == 10) {
-            j = 1;
-        }
-        return j;
-    }
-
-    static int test6D = 1;
-
-    private static void inlined6_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
-        if (flag3) {
-            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
-            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
-            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
-            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
-            if (flag == 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-            }
-            intField = Integer.divideUnsigned(test6D, (otherArray.length + 2));
-        }
-    }
-
-    static int[] arrayField6 = new int[10];
-
-    // produces 0 after macro expansion
-    private static int inlined6(int k, boolean flag2) {
-        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
-        arrayField6[0] = -3;
-        int[] array2;
-        if (flag2) {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        } else {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        }
-        int j;
-        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
-            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-
-            }
-        }
-        return arrayField6[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
-    }
-
-    private static void test7(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag2, boolean flag3) {
-        int l = 0;
-        for (; l < 10; l++);
-        int m = inlined7_3(j, l);
-
-        int i = inlined7(k, flag2);
-        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
-        int[] array = new int[10];
-        if (flag == 0) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-        }
-        if (flag2) {
-            inlined7_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-        } else {
-            inlined7_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static int inlined7_3(int j, int l) {
-        if (l == 10) {
-            j = 1;
-        }
-        return j;
-    }
-
-    static long test7D = 1;
-
-    private static void inlined7_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
-        if (flag3) {
-            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
-            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
-            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
-            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
-            if (flag == 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-            }
-            longField = Long.divideUnsigned(test7D, (otherArray.length + 2));
-        }
-    }
-
-    static int[] arrayField7 = new int[10];
-
-    // produces 0 after macro expansion
-    private static int inlined7(int k, boolean flag2) {
-        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
-        arrayField7[0] = -3;
-        int[] array2;
-        if (flag2) {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        } else {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        }
-        int j;
-        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
-            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-
-            }
-        }
-        return arrayField7[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
-    }
-
-    private static void test8(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag2, boolean flag3) {
-        int l = 0;
-        for (; l < 10; l++);
-        int m = inlined8_3(j, l);
-
-        int i = inlined8(k, flag2);
-        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
-        int[] array = new int[10];
-        if (flag == 0) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-        }
-        if (flag2) {
-            inlined8_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-        } else {
-            inlined8_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static int inlined8_3(int j, int l) {
-        if (l == 10) {
-            j = 1;
-        }
-        return j;
-    }
-
-    static int test8D = 1;
-
-    private static void inlined8_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
-        if (flag3) {
-            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
-            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
-            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
-            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
-            if (flag == 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-            }
-            intField = Integer.remainderUnsigned(test8D, (otherArray.length + 2));
-        }
-    }
-
-    static int[] arrayField8 = new int[10];
-
-    // produces 0 after macro expansion
-    private static int inlined8(int k, boolean flag2) {
-        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
-        arrayField8[0] = -3;
-        int[] array2;
-        if (flag2) {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        } else {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        }
-        int j;
-        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
-            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-
-            }
-        }
-        return arrayField8[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
-    }
-
-    private static void test9(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag2, boolean flag3) {
-        int l = 0;
-        for (; l < 10; l++);
-        int m = inlined9_3(j, l);
-
-        int i = inlined9(k, flag2);
-        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
-        int[] array = new int[10];
-        if (flag == 0) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-        }
-        if (flag2) {
-            inlined9_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-        } else {
-            inlined9_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static int inlined9_3(int j, int l) {
-        if (l == 10) {
-            j = 1;
-        }
-        return j;
-    }
-
-    static long test9D = 1;
-
-    private static void inlined9_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
-        if (flag3) {
-            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
-            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
-            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
-            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
-            if (flag == 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-            }
-            longField = Long.remainderUnsigned(test9D, (otherArray.length + 2));
-        }
-    }
-
-    static int[] arrayField9 = new int[10];
-
-    // produces 0 after macro expansion
-    private static int inlined9(int k, boolean flag2) {
-        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
-        arrayField9[0] = -3;
-        int[] array2;
-        if (flag2) {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        } else {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        }
-        int j;
-        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
-            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-
-            }
-        }
-        return arrayField9[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
-    }
-
-    private static void test10(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag3) {
-        int l = 0;
-        for (; l < 10; l++);
-        int m = inlined10_3(j, l);
-
-        int i = inlined10(k, flag3);
-        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
-        int[] array = new int[10];
-        if (flag == 0) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-        }
-        inlined10_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-    }
-
-    private static int inlined10_3(int j, int l) {
-        if (l == 10) {
-            j = 1;
-        }
-        return j;
-    }
-
-    private static void inlined10_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
-        if (flag3) {
-            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
-            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
-            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
-            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
-            if (flag == 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-            }
-            intField = 1 / (otherArray.length + 2);
-        } else {
-            volatileField = 42;
-        }
-    }
-
-    static int[] arrayField10 = new int[10];
-
-    // produces -3 after macro expansion
-    private static int inlined10(int k, boolean flag2) {
-        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
-        arrayField10[0] = -3;
-        int[] array2;
-        if (flag2) {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        } else {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        }
-        int j;
-        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
-            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-
-            }
-        }
-        return arrayField10[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
-    }
-
-    private static void test11(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag3) {
-        int l = 0;
-        for (; l < 10; l++);
-        int m = inlined11_3(j, l);
-
-        int i = inlined11(k, flag3);
-        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
-        int[] array = new int[10];
-        if (flag == 0) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-        }
-        inlined11_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-    }
-
-    private static int inlined11_3(int j, int l) {
-        if (l == 10) {
-            j = 1;
-        }
-        return j;
-    }
-
-    static long test11D = 1;
-
-    private static void inlined11_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
-        if (flag3) {
-            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
-            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
-            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
-            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
-            if (flag == 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-            }
-            longField = test11D / (otherArray.length + 2);
-        } else {
-            volatileField = 42;
-        }
-    }
-
-    static int[] arrayField11 = new int[10];
-
-    // produces 0 after macro expansion
-    private static int inlined11(int k, boolean flag2) {
-        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
-        arrayField11[0] = -3;
-        int[] array2;
-        if (flag2) {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        } else {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        }
-        int j;
-        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
-            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-
-            }
-        }
-        return arrayField11[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
-    }
-
-    private static void test12(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag3) {
-        int l = 0;
-        for (; l < 10; l++);
-        int m = inlined12_3(j, l);
-
-        int i = inlined12(k, flag3);
-        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
-        int[] array = new int[10];
-        if (flag == 0) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-        }
-        inlined12_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-    }
-
-    private static int inlined12_3(int j, int l) {
-        if (l == 10) {
-            j = 1;
-        }
-        return j;
-    }
-
-    static int test12D = 1;
-
-    private static void inlined12_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
-        if (flag3) {
-            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
-            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
-            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
-            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
-            if (flag == 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-            }
-            intField = test12D % (otherArray.length + 2);
-        } else {
-            volatileField = 42;
-        }
-    }
-
-    static int[] arrayField12 = new int[10];
-
-    // produces 0 after macro expansion
-    private static int inlined12(int k, boolean flag2) {
-        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
-        arrayField12[0] = -3;
-        int[] array2;
-        if (flag2) {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        } else {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        }
-        int j;
-        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
-            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-
-            }
-        }
-        return arrayField12[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
-    }
-
-    private static void test13(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag3) {
-        int l = 0;
-        for (; l < 10; l++);
-        int m = inlined13_3(j, l);
-
-        int i = inlined13(k, flag3);
-        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
-        int[] array = new int[10];
-        if (flag == 0) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-        }
-        inlined13_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-    }
-
-    private static int inlined13_3(int j, int l) {
-        if (l == 10) {
-            j = 1;
-        }
-        return j;
-    }
-
-    static long test13D = 1;
-
-    private static void inlined13_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
-        if (flag3) {
-            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
-            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
-            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
-            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
-            if (flag == 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-            }
-            longField = test13D % (otherArray.length + 2);
-        } else {
-            volatileField = 42;
-        }
-    }
-
-    static int[] arrayField13 = new int[10];
-
-    // produces 0 after macro expansion
-    private static int inlined13(int k, boolean flag2) {
-        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
-        arrayField13[0] = -3;
-        int[] array2;
-        if (flag2) {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        } else {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        }
-        int j;
-        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
-            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-
-            }
-        }
-        return arrayField13[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
-    }
-
-    private static void test14(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag3) {
-        int l = 0;
-        for (; l < 10; l++);
-        int m = inlined14_3(j, l);
-
-        int i = inlined14(k, flag3);
-        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
-        int[] array = new int[10];
-        if (flag == 0) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-        }
-        inlined14_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-    }
-
-    private static int inlined14_3(int j, int l) {
-        if (l == 10) {
-            j = 1;
-        }
-        return j;
-    }
-
-    static int test14D = 1;
-
-    private static void inlined14_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
-        if (flag3) {
-            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
-            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
-            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
-            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
-            if (flag == 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-            }
-            intField = Integer.divideUnsigned(test14D, (otherArray.length + 2));
-        } else {
-            volatileField = 42;
-        }
-    }
-
-    static int[] arrayField14 = new int[10];
-
-    // produces 0 after macro expansion
-    private static int inlined14(int k, boolean flag2) {
-        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
-        arrayField14[0] = -3;
-        int[] array2;
-        if (flag2) {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        } else {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        }
-        int j;
-        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
-            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-
-            }
-        }
-        return arrayField14[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
-    }
-
-    private static void test15(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag3) {
-        int l = 0;
-        for (; l < 10; l++);
-        int m = inlined15_3(j, l);
-
-        int i = inlined15(k, flag3);
-        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
-        int[] array = new int[10];
-        if (flag == 0) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-        }
-        inlined15_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-    }
-
-    private static int inlined15_3(int j, int l) {
-        if (l == 10) {
-            j = 1;
-        }
-        return j;
-    }
-
-    static long test15D = 1;
-
-    private static void inlined15_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
-        if (flag3) {
-            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
-            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
-            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
-            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
-            if (flag == 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-            }
-            longField = Long.divideUnsigned(test15D, (otherArray.length + 2));
-        } else {
-            volatileField = 42;
-        }
-    }
-
-    static int[] arrayField15 = new int[10];
-
-    private static int inlined15(int k, boolean flag2) {
-        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
-        arrayField15[0] = -3;
-        int[] array2;
-        if (flag2) {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        } else {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        }
-        int j;
-        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
-            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-
-            }
-        }
-        return arrayField15[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
-    }
-
-    private static void test16(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag3) {
-        int l = 0;
-        for (; l < 10; l++);
-        int m = inlined16_3(j, l);
-
-        int i = inlined16(k, flag3);
-        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
-        int[] array = new int[10];
-        if (flag == 0) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-        }
-        inlined16_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-    }
-
-    private static int inlined16_3(int j, int l) {
-        if (l == 10) {
-            j = 1;
-        }
-        return j;
-    }
-
-    static int test16D = 1;
-
-    private static void inlined16_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
-        if (flag3) {
-            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
-            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
-            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
-            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
-            if (flag == 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-            }
-            intField = Integer.remainderUnsigned(test16D, (otherArray.length + 2));
-        } else {
-            volatileField = 42;
-        }
-    }
-
-    static int[] arrayField16 = new int[10];
-
-    // produces 0 after macro expansion
-    private static int inlined16(int k, boolean flag2) {
-        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
-        arrayField16[0] = -3;
-        int[] array2;
-        if (flag2) {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        } else {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        }
-        int j;
-        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
-            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-
-            }
-        }
-        return arrayField16[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
-    }
-
-    private static void test17(int k, int j, int flag, boolean flag3) {
-        int l = 0;
-        for (; l < 10; l++);
-        int m = inlined17_3(j, l);
-
-        int i = inlined17(k, flag3);
-        j = Integer.min(j, 9);
-        int[] array = new int[10];
-        if (flag == 0) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-        }
-        inlined17_2(j, flag, i, flag3, m);
-    }
-
-    private static int inlined17_3(int j, int l) {
-        if (l == 10) {
-            j = 1;
-        }
-        return j;
-    }
-
-    static long test17D = 1;
-
-    private static void inlined17_2(int j, int flag, int i, boolean flag3, int m) {
-        if (flag3) {
-            float[] newArray = new float[j + 1]; // j + 1 in [0..10]
-            // RC i <u (CastII j [min..max]) + 1
-            newArray[i + m] = 42; // i + m in [0..9]
-            float[] otherArray = new float[i + m];
-            if (flag == 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
-            }
-            longField = Long.remainderUnsigned(test17D, (otherArray.length + 2));
-        } else {
-            volatileField = 42;
-        }
-    }
-
-    static int[] arrayField17 = new int[10];
-
-    // produces 0 after macro expansion
-    private static int inlined17(int k, boolean flag2) {
-        k = Integer.max(0, Integer.min(k, 9));
-        arrayField17[0] = -3;
-        int[] array2;
-        if (flag2) {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        } else {
-            array2 = new int[10];
-        }
-        int j;
-        for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
-            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-
-            }
-        }
-        return arrayField17[0] + array2[k] * (j - 10);
-    }
-}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/rangechecks/TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/rangechecks/TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated.java
index 94b1f3b8eee..b31c1425728 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/rangechecks/TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/rangechecks/TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated.java
@@ -27,19 +27,17 @@
  * @summary [REDO] C2: crash in compiled code because of dependency on removed range check CastIIs
  *
  * @run main/othervm -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:-UseOnStackReplacement -XX:-BackgroundCompilation
- *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,${test.main.class}::notInlined
- *                   ${test.main.class}
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated::notInlined
+ *                   TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated
  * @run main/othervm -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:-UseOnStackReplacement -XX:-BackgroundCompilation
- *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,${test.main.class}::notInlined
- *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+StressGCM ${test.main.class}
- * @run main ${test.main.class}
- * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,${test.main.class}::notInlined
- *                   ${test.main.class}
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated::notInlined
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+StressGCM TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated
+ * @run main TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated::notInlined
+ *                   TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated
  *
  */
 
-package compiler.rangechecks;
-
 public class TestArrayAccessAboveRCAfterRCCastIIEliminated {
     private static int intField;
     private static long longField;
@@ -484,7 +482,7 @@ private static void test13(int i, int j, int flag, boolean flag2) {
         }
     }
 
-    // Widened range check cast type after loop opts causes control dependency to be lost
+    // Range check cast type widen after loop opts causes control dependency to be lost
     private static void test14(int i, int j, int flag, boolean flag2) {
         int l = 0;
         for (; l < 10; l++);
@@ -492,14 +490,12 @@ private static void test14(int i, int j, int flag, boolean flag2) {
         int[] array = new int[10];
         notInlined(array);
         if (flag == 0) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
         }
         if (flag2) {
             float[] newArray = new float[10];
             newArray[i+j] = 42; // i+j in [0, 9]
             float[] otherArray = new float[i+j]; // i+j in [0, max]
             if (flag == 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
             }
             intField = array[otherArray.length];
         } else {
@@ -507,7 +503,6 @@ private static void test14(int i, int j, int flag, boolean flag2) {
             newArray[i+j] = 42; // i+j in [0, 9]
             float[] otherArray = new float[i+j]; // i+j in [0, max]
             if (flag == 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
             }
             intField = array[otherArray.length];
         }
@@ -528,14 +523,12 @@ private static void test15(int i, int j, int flag, boolean flag2) {
         int[] array = new int[10];
         notInlined(array);
         if (flag == 0) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
         }
         if (flag2) {
             float[] newArray = new float[10];
             newArray[i+j] = 42; // i+j in [0, 9]
             float[] otherArray = new float[i+j]; // i+j in [0, max]
             if (flag == 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
             }
             intField = array[otherArray.length];
         } else {
@@ -543,7 +536,6 @@ private static void test15(int i, int j, int flag, boolean flag2) {
             newArray[i+j] = 42; // i+j in [0, 9]
             float[] otherArray = new float[i+j]; // i+j in [0, max]
             if (flag == 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
             }
             intField = array[otherArray.length];
         }

From ae6332d6e6d85af000a7843924f49fa15370532c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Chad Rakoczy <crakoczy@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2026 15:51:06 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 263/707] 8388358: HotCodeHeap should throw warning when
 enabled without C2

Reviewed-by: kvn, eastigeevich
---
 src/hotspot/share/compiler/compilerDefinitions.cpp | 10 +++++-----
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compilerDefinitions.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compilerDefinitions.cpp
index 5bb96f8d031..1ad667e51f1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compilerDefinitions.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compilerDefinitions.cpp
@@ -272,7 +272,11 @@ void CompilerConfig::set_compilation_policy_flags() {
   }
 
 #ifdef COMPILER2
-  if (HotCodeHeap) {
+  if (HotCodeHeap && !is_c2_enabled()) {
+    warning("HotCodeHeap disabled because C2 is disabled.");
+    FLAG_SET_ERGO(HotCodeHeap, false);
+    FLAG_SET_ERGO(HotCodeHeapSize, 0);
+  } else if (HotCodeHeap) {
     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SegmentedCodeCache)) {
       FLAG_SET_ERGO(SegmentedCodeCache, true);
     } else if (!SegmentedCodeCache) {
@@ -285,10 +289,6 @@ void CompilerConfig::set_compilation_policy_flags() {
       vm_exit_during_initialization("HotCodeHeap requires NMethodRelocation enabled");
     }
 
-    if (!is_c2_enabled()) {
-      vm_exit_during_initialization("HotCodeHeap requires C2 enabled");
-    }
-
     if (HotCodeMinSamplingMs > HotCodeMaxSamplingMs) {
       vm_exit_during_initialization("HotCodeMinSamplingMs cannot be larger than HotCodeMaxSamplingMs");
     }

From 2a83c509772d1645eb4ca1ad52a112d1ac57daa3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Artur Barashev <abarashev@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 8 Jan 2026 19:08:20 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 264/707] 8373275: Improve DTLS handshaking

Reviewed-by: rhalade, pkumaraswamy, ahgross, jnibedita, jnimeh, mullan
---
 .../sun/security/ssl/HelloCookieManager.java  | 24 ++++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/HelloCookieManager.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/HelloCookieManager.java
index b3155f5170a..4268b9779bd 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/HelloCookieManager.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/HelloCookieManager.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 package sun.security.ssl;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.security.MessageDigest;
 import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
 import java.security.SecureRandom;
@@ -121,6 +122,7 @@ abstract boolean isCookieValid(ServerHandshakeContext context,
     private static final
             class D10HelloCookieManager extends HelloCookieManager {
 
+        private static final byte[] EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY = new byte[0];
         final SecureRandom secureRandom;
         private int               cookieVersion;  // allow to wrap, version + sequence
         private final byte[]      cookieSecret;
@@ -170,6 +172,7 @@ byte[] createCookie(ServerHandshakeContext context,
             }
             byte[] helloBytes = clientHello.getHelloCookieBytes();
             md.update(helloBytes);
+            md.update(getHostPortBytes(context));
             byte[] cookie = md.digest(secret);      // 32 bytes
             cookie[0] = (byte)((version >> 24) & 0xFF);
 
@@ -205,11 +208,30 @@ boolean isCookieValid(ServerHandshakeContext context,
             }
             byte[] helloBytes = clientHello.getHelloCookieBytes();
             md.update(helloBytes);
+            md.update(getHostPortBytes(context));
             byte[] target = md.digest(secret);      // 32 bytes
             target[0] = cookie[0];
 
             return MessageDigest.isEqual(target, cookie);
         }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns host and port bytes if those are set.
+         * Using ASCII unit separator character to separate host and port so we
+         * can differentiate between otherwise identical host and port string
+         * concatenations, for example host 172.0.0.1 with port 25 and host
+         * 172.0.0.12 with port 5.
+         */
+        private static byte[] getHostPortBytes(ServerHandshakeContext context) {
+            final String host = context.conContext.transport.getPeerHost();
+            final int port = context.conContext.transport.getPeerPort();
+            final String hostStr = host != null ? host : "";
+            final String portStr = port > -1 ? Integer.toString(port) : "";
+            return hostStr.isEmpty() && portStr.isEmpty() ?
+                    EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY :
+                    (hostStr + '\u001F' + portStr).getBytes(
+                            StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+        }
     }
 
     private static final

From b84cef8064de569d6f728f5291662bc9bb4cd8a9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Bradford Wetmore <wetmore@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 14 Jan 2026 20:54:56 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 265/707] 8368041: Enhance TLS certificate handling

Reviewed-by: jnimeh, abarashev, hchao, djelinski, ksreenath, ahgross, rhalade
---
 .../share/classes/sun/security/ssl/Alert.java | 60 ++++++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 37 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/Alert.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/Alert.java
index e9588a09b3d..c081ec5f747 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/Alert.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/Alert.java
@@ -181,11 +181,13 @@ private static final class AlertMessage {
 
         AlertMessage(TransportContext context,
                 ByteBuffer m) throws IOException {
-            // From RFC 8446 "Implementations
-            // MUST NOT send Handshake and Alert records that have a zero-length
-            // TLSInnerPlaintext.content; if such a message is received, the
-            // receiving implementation MUST terminate the connection with an
-            // "unexpected_message" alert."
+
+            // From RFC 8446: TLSv1.3
+            //
+            // Implementations MUST NOT send Handshake and Alert records that
+            // have a zero-length TLSInnerPlaintext.content; if such a message
+            // is received, the receiving implementation MUST terminate the
+            // connection with an "unexpected_message" alert.
             if (m.remaining() == 0) {
                 throw context.fatal(Alert.UNEXPECTED_MESSAGE,
                         "Alert fragments must not be zero length.");
@@ -264,27 +266,39 @@ public void consume(ConnectionContext context,
             } else if ((level == Level.WARNING) && (alert != null)) {
                 // Terminate the connection if an alert with a level of warning
                 // is received during handshaking, except the no_certificate
-                // warning.
-                if (alert.handshakeOnly && (tc.handshakeContext != null)) {
-                    // It's OK to get a no_certificate alert from a client of
-                    // which we requested client authentication.  However,
-                    // if we required it, then this is not acceptable.
-                    if (tc.sslConfig.isClientMode ||
-                            alert != Alert.NO_CERTIFICATE ||
-                            (tc.sslConfig.clientAuthType !=
+                // warning for SSLv3.
+                HandshakeContext hc = tc.handshakeContext;
+                if (alert.handshakeOnly && (hc != null)) {
+                    // In SSLv3, it's OK to get a no_certificate alert from a
+                    // client where we requested (want) client authentication.
+                    // If we required it (need), this is not acceptable
+                    // and must fail.
+                    //
+                    // no_certificate alerts are not acceptable in TLSv1.*.
+                    //
+                    if (!tc.sslConfig.isClientMode &&
+                            (hc.negotiatedProtocol == ProtocolVersion.SSL30) &&
+                            (alert == Alert.NO_CERTIFICATE) &&
+                            (tc.sslConfig.clientAuthType ==
                                     ClientAuthType.CLIENT_AUTH_REQUESTED)) {
-                        throw tc.fatal(Alert.HANDSHAKE_FAILURE,
-                            "received handshake warning: " + alert.description);
-                    } else {
-                        // Otherwise, ignore the warning but remove the
-                        // Certificate and CertificateVerify handshake
-                        // consumer so the state machine doesn't expect it.
-                        tc.handshakeContext.handshakeConsumers.remove(
-                                SSLHandshake.CERTIFICATE.id);
-                        tc.handshakeContext.handshakeConsumers.remove(
+
+                        // We'll ignore the warning and remove the Certificate,
+                        // CompressedCertificate and CertificateVerify handshake
+                        // consumers so the state machine isn't expecting them.
+                        if (hc.handshakeConsumers.remove(
+                                SSLHandshake.CERTIFICATE.id) != null) {
+                            hc.handshakeConsumers.remove(
                                 SSLHandshake.COMPRESSED_CERTIFICATE.id);
-                        tc.handshakeContext.handshakeConsumers.remove(
+                            hc.handshakeConsumers.remove(
                                 SSLHandshake.CERTIFICATE_VERIFY.id);
+                        } else {
+                            throw tc.fatal(Alert.HANDSHAKE_FAILURE,
+                                    "NO_CERTIFICATE alert received when certs" +
+                                    " were not expected or already received");
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        throw tc.fatal(Alert.HANDSHAKE_FAILURE,
+                            "Received handshake warning: " + alert.description);
                     }
                 }  // Otherwise, ignore the warning
             } else {    // fatal or unknown

From 1b0aeb09407fd9ff3d1c0864c812b479b228609c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Volkan Yazici <vyazici@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 2 Mar 2026 10:00:34 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 266/707] 8377498: Improve HttpServer handling

Reviewed-by: dfuchs
---
 .../sun/net/httpserver/ServerImpl.java        | 11 +++++++++-
 .../simpleserver/FileServerHandler.java       | 22 ++++++++++---------
 2 files changed, 22 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/sun/net/httpserver/ServerImpl.java b/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/sun/net/httpserver/ServerImpl.java
index 3d77a61c0be..f0a8efe1a6b 100644
--- a/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/sun/net/httpserver/ServerImpl.java
+++ b/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/sun/net/httpserver/ServerImpl.java
@@ -770,15 +770,24 @@ public void run() {
                             requestLine, "Bad request line");
                     return;
                 }
+
+                // Read the request URI
                 String uriStr = requestLine.substring(start, space);
+                // Reject ambiguous URIs
+                if (uriStr.startsWith("//")) {
+                    reject(Code.HTTP_BAD_REQUEST,
+                            requestLine, "Bad request URI");
+                    return;
+                }
                 URI uri;
                 try {
                     uri = new URI(uriStr);
                 } catch (URISyntaxException e3) {
                     reject(Code.HTTP_BAD_REQUEST,
-                            requestLine, "URISyntaxException thrown");
+                            requestLine, "Bad request URI");
                     return;
                 }
+
                 start = space+1;
                 String version = requestLine.substring(start);
                 Headers headers = req.headers();
diff --git a/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/sun/net/httpserver/simpleserver/FileServerHandler.java b/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/sun/net/httpserver/simpleserver/FileServerHandler.java
index cbf032e8398..08ea357b7f4 100644
--- a/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/sun/net/httpserver/simpleserver/FileServerHandler.java
+++ b/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/sun/net/httpserver/simpleserver/FileServerHandler.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -106,16 +106,22 @@ private void handleGET(HttpExchange exchange, Path path) throws IOException {
 
     private void handleSupportedMethod(HttpExchange exchange, Path path, boolean writeBody)
         throws IOException {
+        boolean requestURIEndsWithSlash = pathEndsWithSlash(exchange);
         if (Files.isDirectory(path)) {
-            if (missingSlash(exchange)) {
+            if (!requestURIEndsWithSlash) {
                 handleMovedPermanently(exchange);
                 return;
             }
-            if (indexFile(path) != null) {
-                serveFile(exchange, indexFile(path), writeBody);
+            Path indexFile = indexFile(path);
+            if (indexFile != null) {
+                serveFile(exchange, indexFile, writeBody);
             } else {
                 listFiles(exchange, path, writeBody);
             }
+        }
+        // Disallow non-directory paths ending with slash
+        else if (requestURIEndsWithSlash) {
+            handleNotFound(exchange);
         } else {
             serveFile(exchange, path, writeBody);
         }
@@ -126,10 +132,6 @@ private void handleMovedPermanently(HttpExchange exchange) throws IOException {
         exchange.sendResponseHeaders(301, RSPBODY_EMPTY);
     }
 
-    private void handleForbidden(HttpExchange exchange) throws IOException {
-        exchange.sendResponseHeaders(403, RSPBODY_EMPTY);
-    }
-
     private void handleNotFound(HttpExchange exchange) throws IOException {
         String fileNotFound = ResourceBundleHelper.getMessage("html.not.found");
         var bytes = (openHTML
@@ -161,8 +163,8 @@ private String getRedirectURI(URI uri) {
         return query == null ? redirectPath : redirectPath + "?" + query;
     }
 
-    private static boolean missingSlash(HttpExchange exchange) {
-        return !exchange.getRequestURI().getPath().endsWith("/");
+    private static boolean pathEndsWithSlash(HttpExchange exchange) {
+        return exchange.getRequestURI().getPath().endsWith("/");
     }
 
     private static String contextPath(HttpExchange exchange) {

From d72538f9a59944ca977d3196e019bcede1195ff8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jayathirth D V <jdv@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 4 Mar 2026 17:01:12 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 267/707] 8374058: Enhance JPEG handling

Reviewed-by: mschoene, rhalade, psadhukhan, prr
---
 .../share/native/libjavajpeg/imageioJPEG.c    | 395 ++++++++----------
 .../jpeg/LargeJpegReadWithProgressBench.java  | 166 ++++++++
 .../plugins/jpeg/LargeJpegReadWriteBench.java | 141 +++++++
 3 files changed, 472 insertions(+), 230 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/javax/imageio/plugins/jpeg/LargeJpegReadWithProgressBench.java
 create mode 100644 test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/javax/imageio/plugins/jpeg/LargeJpegReadWriteBench.java

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/native/libjavajpeg/imageioJPEG.c b/src/java.desktop/share/native/libjavajpeg/imageioJPEG.c
index a764eb1ae3b..ac37ad8eab6 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/native/libjavajpeg/imageioJPEG.c
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/native/libjavajpeg/imageioJPEG.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -120,6 +120,7 @@ typedef struct streamBufferStruct {
     size_t bufferLength;          // Allocated, nut just used
     int suspendable;           // Set to true to suspend input
     long remaining_skip;       // Used only on input
+    jboolean isCopy;           // GetByteArrayElements copied/pinned the Java array
 } streamBuffer, *streamBufferPtr;
 
 /*
@@ -200,7 +201,8 @@ static void destroyStreamBuffer(JNIEnv *env, streamBufferPtr sb) {
 // Forward reference
 static void unpinStreamBuffer(JNIEnv *env,
                               streamBufferPtr sb,
-                              const JOCTET *next_byte);
+                              const JOCTET *next_byte,
+                              int streamReleaseMode);
 /*
  * Resets the state of a streamBuffer object that has been in use.
  * The global reference to the stream is released, but the reference
@@ -212,15 +214,16 @@ static void resetStreamBuffer(JNIEnv *env, streamBufferPtr sb) {
         (*env)->DeleteWeakGlobalRef(env, sb->ioRef);
         sb->ioRef = NULL;
     }
-    unpinStreamBuffer(env, sb, NULL);
+    unpinStreamBuffer(env, sb, NULL, JNI_ABORT);
     sb->bufferOffset = NO_DATA;
     sb->suspendable = FALSE;
     sb->remaining_skip = 0;
 }
 
 /*
- * Pins the data buffer associated with this stream.  Returns OK on
- * success, NOT_OK on failure, as GetPrimitiveArrayCritical may fail.
+ * Pins/copies the data buffer associated with this stream.  Returns OK on
+ * success, NOT_OK on failure, as GetByteArrayElements
+ * may fail.
  */
 static int pinStreamBuffer(JNIEnv *env,
                            streamBufferPtr sb,
@@ -228,9 +231,9 @@ static int pinStreamBuffer(JNIEnv *env,
     if (sb->hstreamBuffer != NULL) {
         assert(sb->buf == NULL);
         sb->buf =
-            (JOCTET *)(*env)->GetPrimitiveArrayCritical(env,
-                                                        sb->hstreamBuffer,
-                                                        NULL);
+        (JOCTET *)(*env)->GetByteArrayElements(env,
+                                               sb->hstreamBuffer,
+                                               &sb->isCopy);
         if (sb->buf == NULL) {
             return NOT_OK;
         }
@@ -242,11 +245,12 @@ static int pinStreamBuffer(JNIEnv *env,
 }
 
 /*
- * Unpins the data buffer associated with this stream.
+ * Unpins/releases the data buffer associated with this stream.
  */
 static void unpinStreamBuffer(JNIEnv *env,
                               streamBufferPtr sb,
-                              const JOCTET *next_byte) {
+                              const JOCTET *next_byte,
+                              int streamReleaseMode) {
     if (sb->buf != NULL) {
         assert(sb->hstreamBuffer != NULL);
         if (next_byte == NULL) {
@@ -254,11 +258,13 @@ static void unpinStreamBuffer(JNIEnv *env,
         } else {
             sb->bufferOffset = next_byte - sb->buf;
         }
-        (*env)->ReleasePrimitiveArrayCritical(env,
-                                              sb->hstreamBuffer,
-                                              sb->buf,
-                                              0);
-        sb->buf = NULL;
+        (*env)->ReleaseByteArrayElements(env,
+                                         sb->hstreamBuffer,
+                                         (jbyte *)sb->buf,
+                                         streamReleaseMode);
+        if (streamReleaseMode != JNI_COMMIT) {
+            sb->buf = NULL;
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -276,6 +282,7 @@ static void clearStreamBuffer(streamBufferPtr sb) {
 typedef struct pixelBufferStruct {
     jobject hpixelObject;   // Usually a DataBuffer bank as a byte array
     unsigned int byteBufferLength;
+    jboolean isCopy;        // GetByteArrayElements copied/pinned the Java array
     union pixptr {
         INT32         *ip;  // Pinned buffer pointer, as 32-bit ints
         unsigned char *bp;  // Pinned buffer pointer, as bytes
@@ -309,7 +316,7 @@ static int setPixelBuffer(JNIEnv *env, pixelBufferPtr pb, jobject obj) {
 }
 
 // Forward reference
-static void unpinPixelBuffer(JNIEnv *env, pixelBufferPtr pb);
+static void unpinPixelBuffer(JNIEnv *env, pixelBufferPtr pb, int pixelReleaseMode);
 
 /*
  * Resets a pixel buffer to its initial state.  Unpins any pixel buffer,
@@ -318,7 +325,7 @@ static void unpinPixelBuffer(JNIEnv *env, pixelBufferPtr pb);
  */
 static void resetPixelBuffer(JNIEnv *env, pixelBufferPtr pb) {
     if (pb->hpixelObject != NULL) {
-        unpinPixelBuffer(env, pb);
+        unpinPixelBuffer(env, pb, JNI_ABORT);
         (*env)->DeleteGlobalRef(env, pb->hpixelObject);
         pb->hpixelObject = NULL;
         pb->byteBufferLength = 0;
@@ -326,13 +333,13 @@ static void resetPixelBuffer(JNIEnv *env, pixelBufferPtr pb) {
 }
 
 /*
- * Pins the data buffer.  Returns OK on success, NOT_OK on failure.
+ * Pins/copies the data buffer. Returns OK on success, NOT_OK on failure.
  */
 static int pinPixelBuffer(JNIEnv *env, pixelBufferPtr pb) {
     if (pb->hpixelObject != NULL) {
         assert(pb->buf.ip == NULL);
-        pb->buf.bp = (unsigned char *)(*env)->GetPrimitiveArrayCritical
-            (env, pb->hpixelObject, NULL);
+        pb->buf.bp = (unsigned char *)(*env)->GetByteArrayElements
+            (env, pb->hpixelObject, &pb->isCopy);
         if (pb->buf.bp == NULL) {
             return NOT_OK;
         }
@@ -341,17 +348,19 @@ static int pinPixelBuffer(JNIEnv *env, pixelBufferPtr pb) {
 }
 
 /*
- * Unpins the data buffer.
+ * Unpins/releases the pixel buffer.
  */
-static void unpinPixelBuffer(JNIEnv *env, pixelBufferPtr pb) {
+static void unpinPixelBuffer(JNIEnv *env, pixelBufferPtr pb, int pixelReleaseMode) {
 
     if (pb->buf.ip != NULL) {
         assert(pb->hpixelObject != NULL);
-        (*env)->ReleasePrimitiveArrayCritical(env,
-                                              pb->hpixelObject,
-                                              pb->buf.ip,
-                                              0);
-        pb->buf.ip = NULL;
+        (*env)->ReleaseByteArrayElements(env,
+                                         pb->hpixelObject,
+                                         (jbyte *)pb->buf.ip,
+                                         pixelReleaseMode);
+        if (pixelReleaseMode != JNI_COMMIT) {
+            pb->buf.ip = NULL;
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -468,34 +477,28 @@ static j_common_ptr destroyImageioData(JNIEnv *env, imageIODataPtr data) {
 
 /******************** Java array pinning and unpinning *****************/
 
-/* We use Get/ReleasePrimitiveArrayCritical functions to avoid
- * the need to copy array elements for the above two objects.
- *
- * MAKE SURE TO:
- *
- * - carefully insert pairs of RELEASE_ARRAYS and GET_ARRAYS around
- *   callbacks to Java.
- * - call RELEASE_ARRAYS before returning to Java.
- *
- * Otherwise things will go horribly wrong. There may be memory leaks,
- * excessive pinning, or even VM crashes!
- *
- * Note that GetPrimitiveArrayCritical may fail!
+/*
+ * We use Get/ReleaseByteArrayElements functions for access stream
+ * and pixel information from Java level arrays.
+ * If we receive reference to copy of Java array make sure you update
+ * Java array also when the latest information is needed at Java level.
+ * Also we use specific release modes for performance optimizations.
  */
 
 /*
- * Release (unpin) all the arrays in use during a read.
+ * Release (unpin) both stream and pixel arrays.
  */
-static void RELEASE_ARRAYS(JNIEnv *env, imageIODataPtr data, const JOCTET *next_byte)
+static void RELEASE_ARRAYS(JNIEnv *env, imageIODataPtr data, const JOCTET *next_byte,
+                           int streamReleaseMode, int pixelReleaseMode)
 {
-    unpinStreamBuffer(env, &data->streamBuf, next_byte);
+    unpinStreamBuffer(env, &data->streamBuf, next_byte, streamReleaseMode);
 
-    unpinPixelBuffer(env, &data->pixelBuf);
+    unpinPixelBuffer(env, &data->pixelBuf, pixelReleaseMode);
 
 }
 
 /*
- * Get (pin) all the arrays in use during a read.
+ * Get (pin) both stream and pixel arrays.
  */
 static int GET_ARRAYS(JNIEnv *env, imageIODataPtr data, const JOCTET **next_byte) {
     if (pinStreamBuffer(env, &data->streamBuf, next_byte) == NOT_OK) {
@@ -503,7 +506,7 @@ static int GET_ARRAYS(JNIEnv *env, imageIODataPtr data, const JOCTET **next_byte
     }
 
     if (pinPixelBuffer(env, &data->pixelBuf) == NOT_OK) {
-        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, *next_byte);
+        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, *next_byte, JNI_ABORT, JNI_ABORT);
         return NOT_OK;
     }
     return OK;
@@ -570,26 +573,16 @@ sun_jpeg_output_message (j_common_ptr cinfo)
     theObject = data->imageIOobj;
 
     if (cinfo->is_decompressor) {
-        struct jpeg_source_mgr *src = ((j_decompress_ptr)cinfo)->src;
-        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte);
         (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env, theObject,
             JPEGImageReader_warningWithMessageID,
             string);
-        if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)
-            || !GET_ARRAYS(env, data, &(src->next_input_byte))) {
-            cinfo->err->error_exit(cinfo);
-        }
     } else {
-        struct jpeg_destination_mgr *dest = ((j_compress_ptr)cinfo)->dest;
-        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, (const JOCTET *)(dest->next_output_byte));
         (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env, theObject,
             JPEGImageWriter_warningWithMessageID,
             string);
-        if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)
-            || !GET_ARRAYS(env, data,
-            (const JOCTET **)(&dest->next_output_byte))) {
-            cinfo->err->error_exit(cinfo);
-        }
+    }
+    if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)) {
+        cinfo->err->error_exit(cinfo);
     }
 }
 
@@ -941,7 +934,7 @@ imageio_fill_input_buffer(j_decompress_ptr cinfo)
 #ifdef DEBUG_IIO_JPEG
     printf("Filling input buffer, remaining skip is %ld, ",
            sb->remaining_skip);
-    printf("Buffer length is %d\n", sb->bufferLength);
+    printf("Buffer length is %zu\n", sb->bufferLength);
 #endif
 
     /*
@@ -956,8 +949,15 @@ imageio_fill_input_buffer(j_decompress_ptr cinfo)
     /*
      * Now fill a complete buffer, or as much of one as the stream
      * will give us if we are near the end.
+     *
+     * The native copy of java array is not valid anymore so we just
+     * release it and get new copy, if we don't have native copy we rely
+     * on JVM to maintain the pinned handle of java array.
      */
-    RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte);
+    jboolean isCopy = sb->isCopy;
+    if (isCopy) {
+        unpinStreamBuffer(env, &data->streamBuf, src->next_input_byte, JNI_ABORT);
+    }
 
     GET_IO_REF(input);
 
@@ -969,9 +969,12 @@ imageio_fill_input_buffer(j_decompress_ptr cinfo)
     if ((ret > 0) && ((unsigned int)ret > sb->bufferLength)) {
          ret = (int)sb->bufferLength;
     }
-    if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)
-        || !GET_ARRAYS(env, data, &(src->next_input_byte))) {
-            cinfo->err->error_exit((j_common_ptr) cinfo);
+
+    if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env) ||
+        (isCopy && (pinStreamBuffer(env,
+                                    &data->streamBuf,
+                                    &(src->next_input_byte)) == NOT_OK))) {
+        cinfo->err->error_exit((j_common_ptr) cinfo);
     }
 
 #ifdef DEBUG_IIO_JPEG
@@ -988,12 +991,10 @@ imageio_fill_input_buffer(j_decompress_ptr cinfo)
 #ifdef DEBUG_IIO_JPEG
       printf("YO! Early EOI! ret = %d\n", ret);
 #endif
-        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte);
         (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env, reader,
                                JPEGImageReader_warningOccurredID,
                                READ_NO_EOI);
-        if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)
-            || !GET_ARRAYS(env, data, &(src->next_input_byte))) {
+        if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)) {
             cinfo->err->error_exit((j_common_ptr) cinfo);
         }
 
@@ -1008,97 +1009,6 @@ imageio_fill_input_buffer(j_decompress_ptr cinfo)
     return TRUE;
 }
 
-/*
- * With I/O suspension turned on, the JPEG library requires that all
- * buffer filling be done at the top application level, using this
- * function.  Due to the way that backtracking works, this procedure
- * saves all of the data that was left in the buffer when suspension
- * occurred and read new data only at the end.
- */
-
-GLOBAL(void)
-imageio_fill_suspended_buffer(j_decompress_ptr cinfo)
-{
-    struct jpeg_source_mgr *src = cinfo->src;
-    imageIODataPtr data = (imageIODataPtr) cinfo->client_data;
-    streamBufferPtr sb = &data->streamBuf;
-    JNIEnv *env = (JNIEnv *)JNU_GetEnv(the_jvm, JNI_VERSION_1_2);
-    jint ret;
-    size_t offset, buflen;
-    jobject input = NULL;
-
-    /*
-     * The original (jpegdecoder.c) had code here that called
-     * InputStream.available and just returned if the number of bytes
-     * available was less than any remaining skip.  Presumably this was
-     * to avoid blocking, although the benefit was unclear, as no more
-     * decompression can take place until more data is available, so
-     * the code would block on input a little further along anyway.
-     * ImageInputStreams don't have an available method, so we'll just
-     * block in the skip if we have to.
-     */
-
-    if (sb->remaining_skip) {
-        src->skip_input_data(cinfo, 0);
-    }
-
-    /* Save the data currently in the buffer */
-    offset = src->bytes_in_buffer;
-    if (src->next_input_byte > sb->buf) {
-        memcpy(sb->buf, src->next_input_byte, offset);
-    }
-
-
-    RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte);
-
-    GET_IO_REF(input);
-
-    buflen = sb->bufferLength - offset;
-    if (buflen <= 0) {
-        if (!GET_ARRAYS(env, data, &(src->next_input_byte))) {
-            cinfo->err->error_exit((j_common_ptr) cinfo);
-        }
-        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    ret = (*env)->CallIntMethod(env, input,
-                                JPEGImageReader_readInputDataID,
-                                sb->hstreamBuffer,
-                                offset, buflen);
-    if ((ret > 0) && ((unsigned int)ret > buflen)) ret = (int)buflen;
-    if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)
-        || !GET_ARRAYS(env, data, &(src->next_input_byte))) {
-        cinfo->err->error_exit((j_common_ptr) cinfo);
-    }
-    /*
-     * If we have reached the end of the stream, then the EOI marker
-     * is missing.  We accept such streams but generate a warning.
-     * The image is likely to be corrupted, though everything through
-     * the end of the last complete MCU should be usable.
-     */
-    if (ret <= 0) {
-        jobject reader = data->imageIOobj;
-        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte);
-        (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env, reader,
-                               JPEGImageReader_warningOccurredID,
-                               READ_NO_EOI);
-        if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)
-            || !GET_ARRAYS(env, data, &(src->next_input_byte))) {
-            cinfo->err->error_exit((j_common_ptr) cinfo);
-        }
-
-        sb->buf[offset] = (JOCTET) 0xFF;
-        sb->buf[offset + 1] = (JOCTET) JPEG_EOI;
-        ret = 2;
-    }
-
-    src->next_input_byte = sb->buf;
-    src->bytes_in_buffer = ret + offset;
-
-    return;
-}
-
 /*
  * Skip num_bytes worth of data.  The buffer pointer and count are
  * advanced over num_bytes input bytes, using the input stream
@@ -1160,16 +1070,13 @@ imageio_skip_input_data(j_decompress_ptr cinfo, long num_bytes)
         return;
     }
 
-    RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte);
-
     GET_IO_REF(input);
 
     ret = (*env)->CallLongMethod(env,
                                  input,
                                  JPEGImageReader_skipInputBytesID,
                                  (jlong) num_bytes);
-    if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)
-        || !GET_ARRAYS(env, data, &(src->next_input_byte))) {
+    if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)) {
             cinfo->err->error_exit((j_common_ptr) cinfo);
     }
 
@@ -1181,15 +1088,12 @@ imageio_skip_input_data(j_decompress_ptr cinfo, long num_bytes)
      */
     if (ret <= 0) {
         reader = data->imageIOobj;
-        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte);
         (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env,
                                reader,
                                JPEGImageReader_warningOccurredID,
                                READ_NO_EOI);
-
-        if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)
-            || !GET_ARRAYS(env, data, &(src->next_input_byte))) {
-                cinfo->err->error_exit((j_common_ptr) cinfo);
+        if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)) {
+            cinfo->err->error_exit((j_common_ptr) cinfo);
         }
         sb->buf[0] = (JOCTET) 0xFF;
         sb->buf[1] = (JOCTET) JPEG_EOI;
@@ -1215,7 +1119,7 @@ imageio_term_source(j_decompress_ptr cinfo)
     JNIEnv *env = (JNIEnv *)JNU_GetEnv(the_jvm, JNI_VERSION_1_2);
     jobject reader = data->imageIOobj;
     if (src->bytes_in_buffer > 0) {
-         RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte);
+         RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte, JNI_ABORT, 0);
          (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env,
                                 reader,
                                 JPEGImageReader_pushBackID,
@@ -1659,7 +1563,7 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageReader_readImageHeader
     if (setjmp(jerr->setjmp_buffer)) {
         /* If we get here, the JPEG code has signaled an error
            while reading the header. */
-        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte);
+        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte, JNI_ABORT, JNI_ABORT);
         if (!(*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)) {
             char buffer[JMSG_LENGTH_MAX];
             (*cinfo->err->format_message) ((struct jpeg_common_struct *) cinfo,
@@ -1678,7 +1582,7 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageReader_readImageHeader
         (*env)->ExceptionClear(env);
         JNU_ThrowByName(env,
                         "javax/imageio/IIOException",
-                        "Array pin failed");
+                        "Get array elements failed");
         return retval;
     }
 
@@ -1701,7 +1605,11 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageReader_readImageHeader
         printf("just read tables-only image; q table 0 at %p\n",
                cinfo->quant_tbl_ptrs[0]);
 #endif
-        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte);
+        /*
+         * readImageHeader can be called independently, so
+         * we release the arrays when we return back.
+         */
+        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte, JNI_ABORT, 0);
     } else {
         /*
          * Now adjust the jpeg_color_space variable, which was set in
@@ -1802,7 +1710,6 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageReader_readImageHeader
                 /* Leave the output space as CMYK */
             }
         }
-        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte);
 
         /* read icc profile data */
         profileData = read_icc_profile(env, cinfo);
@@ -1819,14 +1726,17 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageReader_readImageHeader
                                cinfo->out_color_space,
                                cinfo->num_components,
                                profileData);
-        if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)
-            || !GET_ARRAYS(env, data, &(src->next_input_byte))) {
+        if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)) {
             cinfo->err->error_exit((j_common_ptr) cinfo);
         }
         if (reset) {
             jpeg_abort_decompress(cinfo);
         }
-        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte);
+        /*
+         * readImageHeader can be called independently, so
+         * we release the arrays when we return back.
+         */
+        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte, JNI_ABORT, 0);
     }
 
     return retval;
@@ -1987,7 +1897,7 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageReader_readImage
     if (setjmp(jerr->setjmp_buffer)) {
         /* If we get here, the JPEG code has signaled an error
            while reading. */
-        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte);
+        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte, JNI_ABORT, JNI_ABORT);
         if (!(*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)) {
             char buffer[JMSG_LENGTH_MAX];
             (*cinfo->err->format_message) ((struct jpeg_common_struct *) cinfo,
@@ -2005,7 +1915,7 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageReader_readImage
         (*env)->ExceptionClear(env);
         JNU_ThrowByName(env,
                         "javax/imageio/IIOException",
-                        "Array pin failed");
+                        "Get array elements failed");
         return data->abortFlag;
     }
 
@@ -2037,7 +1947,7 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageReader_readImage
     jpeg_start_decompress(cinfo);
 
     if (numBands !=  cinfo->output_components) {
-        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte);
+        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte, JNI_ABORT, JNI_ABORT);
         JNU_ThrowByName(env, "javax/imageio/IIOException",
                         "Invalid argument to native readImage");
         return data->abortFlag;
@@ -2046,7 +1956,7 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageReader_readImage
     if (cinfo->output_components <= 0 ||
         cinfo->image_width > (0xffffffffu / (unsigned int)cinfo->output_components))
     {
-        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte);
+        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte, JNI_ABORT, JNI_ABORT);
         JNU_ThrowByName(env, "javax/imageio/IIOException",
                         "Invalid number of output components");
         return data->abortFlag;
@@ -2055,7 +1965,7 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageReader_readImage
     // Allocate a 1-scanline buffer
     scanLinePtr = (JSAMPROW)malloc(cinfo->image_width*cinfo->output_components);
     if (scanLinePtr == NULL) {
-        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte);
+        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte, JNI_ABORT, JNI_ABORT);
         JNU_ThrowByName( env,
                          "java/lang/OutOfMemoryError",
                          "Reading JPEG Stream");
@@ -2070,22 +1980,18 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageReader_readImage
             // the first interesting pass.
             jpeg_start_output(cinfo, cinfo->input_scan_number);
             if (wantUpdates) {
-                RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte);
                 (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env, this,
                                        JPEGImageReader_passStartedID,
                                        cinfo->input_scan_number-1);
-                if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)
-                    || !GET_ARRAYS(env, data, &(src->next_input_byte))) {
+                if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)) {
                     cinfo->err->error_exit((j_common_ptr) cinfo);
                 }
             }
         } else if (wantUpdates) {
-            RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte);
             (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env, this,
                                    JPEGImageReader_passStartedID,
                                    0);
-            if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)
-                || !GET_ARRAYS(env, data, &(src->next_input_byte))) {
+            if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)) {
                 cinfo->err->error_exit((j_common_ptr) cinfo);
             }
         }
@@ -2136,16 +2042,20 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageReader_readImage
                 }
             }
 
-            // And call it back to Java
-            RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte);
+            /*
+             * Optimisation to just commit the native pixel buffer
+             * content back to java array without releasing the
+             * native buffer.
+             */
+            if (pb->isCopy) {
+                unpinPixelBuffer(env, pb, JNI_COMMIT);
+            }
             (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env,
                                    this,
                                    JPEGImageReader_acceptPixelsID,
                                    targetLine++,
                                    progressive);
-
-            if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)
-                || !GET_ARRAYS(env, data, &(src->next_input_byte))) {
+            if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)) {
                 cinfo->err->error_exit((j_common_ptr) cinfo);
             }
 
@@ -2175,11 +2085,9 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageReader_readImage
             done = TRUE;
         }
         if (wantUpdates) {
-            RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte);
             (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env, this,
                                    JPEGImageReader_passCompleteID);
-            if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)
-                || !GET_ARRAYS(env, data, &(src->next_input_byte))) {
+            if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)) {
                 cinfo->err->error_exit((j_common_ptr) cinfo);
             }
         }
@@ -2204,13 +2112,16 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageReader_readImage
                                this,
                                JPEGImageReader_skipPastImageID,
                                imageIndex);
+        if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)) {
+            cinfo->err->error_exit((j_common_ptr) cinfo);
+        }
     } else {
         jpeg_finish_decompress(cinfo);
     }
 
     free(scanLinePtr);
 
-    RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte);
+    RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, src->next_input_byte, JNI_ABORT, 0);
 
     return data->abortFlag;
 }
@@ -2405,8 +2316,16 @@ imageio_empty_output_buffer (j_compress_ptr cinfo)
     JNIEnv *env = (JNIEnv *)JNU_GetEnv(the_jvm, JNI_VERSION_1_2);
     jobject output = NULL;
 
-    RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, (const JOCTET *)(dest->next_output_byte));
-
+    /*
+     * Optimization to not delete the native copy of stream buffer,
+     * but just commit the content back to the Java array.
+     * In case where we don't have a copy, we rely on JVM to maintain
+     * the native reference of Java array.
+     */
+    jboolean isCopy = sb->isCopy;
+    if (isCopy) {
+        unpinStreamBuffer(env, sb, dest->next_output_byte, JNI_COMMIT);
+    }
     GET_IO_REF(output);
 
     (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env,
@@ -2415,10 +2334,8 @@ imageio_empty_output_buffer (j_compress_ptr cinfo)
                            sb->hstreamBuffer,
                            0,
                            sb->bufferLength);
-    if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)
-        || !GET_ARRAYS(env, data,
-                       (const JOCTET **)(&dest->next_output_byte))) {
-            cinfo->err->error_exit((j_common_ptr) cinfo);
+    if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)) {
+        cinfo->err->error_exit((j_common_ptr) cinfo);
     }
 
     dest->next_output_byte = sb->buf;
@@ -2447,7 +2364,16 @@ imageio_term_destination (j_compress_ptr cinfo)
     if (datacount != 0) {
         jobject output = NULL;
 
-        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, (const JOCTET *)(dest->next_output_byte));
+        /*
+         * Optimization to not delete the native copy of stream buffer,
+         * but just commit the content back to the Java array.
+         * In case where we don't have a copy, we rely on JVM to maintain
+         * the native reference of Java array.
+         */
+        jboolean isCopy = sb->isCopy;
+        if (isCopy) {
+            unpinStreamBuffer(env, sb, dest->next_output_byte, JNI_COMMIT);
+        }
 
         GET_IO_REF(output);
 
@@ -2457,17 +2383,13 @@ imageio_term_destination (j_compress_ptr cinfo)
                                sb->hstreamBuffer,
                                0,
                                datacount);
-
-        if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)
-            || !GET_ARRAYS(env, data,
-                           (const JOCTET **)(&dest->next_output_byte))) {
+        if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)) {
             cinfo->err->error_exit((j_common_ptr) cinfo);
         }
     }
 
     dest->next_output_byte = NULL;
     dest->free_in_buffer = 0;
-
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2668,7 +2590,7 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageWriter_writeTables
     if (setjmp(jerr->setjmp_buffer)) {
         /* If we get here, the JPEG code has signaled an error
            while writing. */
-        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, (const JOCTET *)(dest->next_output_byte));
+        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, (const JOCTET *)(dest->next_output_byte), JNI_ABORT, JNI_ABORT);
         if (!(*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)) {
             char buffer[JMSG_LENGTH_MAX];
             (*cinfo->err->format_message) ((j_common_ptr) cinfo,
@@ -2683,7 +2605,7 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageWriter_writeTables
         (*env)->ExceptionClear(env);
         JNU_ThrowByName(env,
                         "javax/imageio/IIOException",
-                        "Array pin failed");
+                        "Get array elements failed");
         return;
     }
 
@@ -2703,7 +2625,15 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageWriter_writeTables
     }
 
     jpeg_write_tables(cinfo); // Flushes the buffer for you
-    RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, NULL);
+    /*
+     * writeTables can be called independently, so
+     * we release the arrays when we return back.
+     * Also the table content in output_buffer is
+     * already flushed, so no need to commit the
+     * native copy of stream content back to the
+     * Java array.
+     */
+    RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, NULL, JNI_ABORT, 0);
 }
 
 static void freeArray(UINT8** arr, jint size) {
@@ -2766,7 +2696,6 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageWriter_writeImage
     UINT8** scale = NULL;
     boolean success = TRUE;
 
-
     /* verify the inputs */
 
     if (data == NULL) {
@@ -2891,7 +2820,7 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageWriter_writeImage
     if (setjmp(jerr->setjmp_buffer)) {
         /* If we get here, the JPEG code has signaled an error
            while writing. */
-        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, (const JOCTET *)(dest->next_output_byte));
+        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, (const JOCTET *)(dest->next_output_byte), JNI_ABORT, JNI_ABORT);
         if (!(*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)) {
             char buffer[JMSG_LENGTH_MAX];
             (*cinfo->err->format_message) ((j_common_ptr) cinfo,
@@ -2973,7 +2902,7 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageWriter_writeImage
         free(scanLinePtr);
         JNU_ThrowByName(env,
                         "javax/imageio/IIOException",
-                        "Array pin failed");
+                        "Get array elements failed");
         return data->abortFlag;
     }
 
@@ -3006,7 +2935,7 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageWriter_writeImage
             scanptr = (int *) cinfo->script_space;
             scanData = (*env)->GetIntArrayElements(env, scanInfo, NULL);
             if (scanData == NULL) {
-                RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, (const JOCTET *)(dest->next_output_byte));
+                RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, (const JOCTET *)(dest->next_output_byte), JNI_ABORT, JNI_ABORT);
                 freeArray(scale, numBands);
                 free(scanLinePtr);
                 return data->abortFlag;
@@ -3034,16 +2963,13 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageWriter_writeImage
     if (haveMetadata) {
         // Flush the buffer
         imageio_flush_destination(cinfo);
-        // Call Java to write the metadata
-        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, (const JOCTET *)(dest->next_output_byte));
+        // Call Java to write the metadata.
         (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env,
                                this,
                                JPEGImageWriter_writeMetadataID);
-        if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)
-            || !GET_ARRAYS(env, data,
-                           (const JOCTET **)(&dest->next_output_byte))) {
-                cinfo->err->error_exit((j_common_ptr) cinfo);
-         }
+        if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)) {
+            cinfo->err->error_exit((j_common_ptr) cinfo);
+        }
     }
 
     targetLine = 0;
@@ -3053,20 +2979,29 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageWriter_writeImage
     // for each line in destHeight
     while ((data->abortFlag == JNI_FALSE)
            && (cinfo->next_scanline < cinfo->image_height)) {
-        // get the line from Java
-        RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, (const JOCTET *)(dest->next_output_byte));
+        /*
+         * Get a line of pixel data from Java.
+         * In case where we have native copy of Java pixel array,
+         * we need to just use JNI_ABORT to exclude any copy operation
+         * and then get new copy for next scanline.
+         *
+         * If we have direct reference to Java array, we rely on
+         * JVM to maintain the reference appropriately.
+         */
+        jboolean isCopy = pb->isCopy;
+        if (isCopy) {
+            unpinPixelBuffer(env, pb, JNI_ABORT);
+        }
         (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env,
                                this,
                                JPEGImageWriter_grabPixelsID,
                                targetLine);
-        if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)
-            || !GET_ARRAYS(env, data,
-                           (const JOCTET **)(&dest->next_output_byte))) {
-                cinfo->err->error_exit((j_common_ptr) cinfo);
-         }
+        if ((*env)->ExceptionCheck(env) ||
+            (isCopy && (pinPixelBuffer(env, pb) == NOT_OK))) {
+            cinfo->err->error_exit((j_common_ptr) cinfo);
+        }
 
         // subsample it into our buffer
-
         in = data->pixelBuf.buf.bp;
         out = scanLinePtr;
         pixelLimit = in + ((pixelBufferSize > data->pixelBuf.byteBufferLength) ?
@@ -3108,7 +3043,7 @@ Java_com_sun_imageio_plugins_jpeg_JPEGImageWriter_writeImage
 
     freeArray(scale, numBands);
     free(scanLinePtr);
-    RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, NULL);
+    RELEASE_ARRAYS(env, data, NULL, 0, JNI_ABORT);
     return data->abortFlag;
 }
 
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/javax/imageio/plugins/jpeg/LargeJpegReadWithProgressBench.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/javax/imageio/plugins/jpeg/LargeJpegReadWithProgressBench.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..70f8020f358
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/javax/imageio/plugins/jpeg/LargeJpegReadWithProgressBench.java
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.javax.imageio.plugins.jpeg;
+
+import java.awt.Color;
+import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
+import javax.imageio.ImageReader;
+import javax.imageio.event.IIOReadProgressListener;
+import javax.imageio.stream.ImageInputStream;
+
+/**
+ * Measure time taken to read large jpeg image
+ * make test TEST="micro:javax.imageio.plugins.jpeg.LargeJpegReadWithProgressBench"
+ */
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Fork(3)
+@State(Scope.Benchmark)
+public class LargeJpegReadWithProgressBench {
+
+    private static final File pwd = new File(".");
+    private static ImageReader reader;
+
+    @Setup
+    public void setup() throws IOException {
+        BufferedImage src = createSource();
+        ImageInputStream iis = prepareInput(src);
+        reader = null;
+        Iterator<ImageReader> it = ImageIO.getImageReadersByFormatName("jpeg");
+        if (it.hasNext()) {
+            reader = (ImageReader)it.next();
+        } else {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Could not find JPEG reader");
+        }
+        reader.setInput(iis);
+        ImageReadProgressListener listener = new ImageReadProgressListener();
+        reader.addIIOReadProgressListener(listener);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void readLargeJpegImage(Blackhole bh) throws IOException {
+        reader.read(0);
+    }
+
+    private static BufferedImage createSource() {
+        int width = 2000;
+        int height = 2000;
+        int squareSize = 20;
+
+        Color red = Color.RED;
+        Color green = Color.GREEN;
+        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
+            BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
+        for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
+            for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
+                if (((x / squareSize) + (y / squareSize)) % 2 == 0) {
+                    image.setRGB(x, y, red.getRGB());
+                } else {
+                    image.setRGB(x, y, green.getRGB());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return image;
+    }
+
+    private static ImageInputStream prepareInput(BufferedImage src)
+        throws IOException {
+        File f = File.createTempFile("src_", ".jpeg", pwd);
+        if (ImageIO.write(src, "jpeg", f)) {
+            ImageInputStream iis = ImageIO.createImageInputStream(f);
+            f.deleteOnExit();
+            return iis;
+        } else {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Unable to write jpeg image");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class ImageReadProgressListener implements IIOReadProgressListener {
+    // This class is a no-op, it is added just to have a progress listener
+    @Override
+    public void sequenceStarted(ImageReader source, int minIndex) {
+
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void sequenceComplete(ImageReader source) {
+
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void imageStarted(ImageReader source, int imageIndex) {
+
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void imageProgress(ImageReader source, float percentageDone) {
+
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void imageComplete(ImageReader source) {
+
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void thumbnailStarted(ImageReader source, int imageIndex, int thumbnailIndex) {
+
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void thumbnailProgress(ImageReader source, float percentageDone) {
+
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void thumbnailComplete(ImageReader source) {
+
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void readAborted(ImageReader source) {
+
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/javax/imageio/plugins/jpeg/LargeJpegReadWriteBench.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/javax/imageio/plugins/jpeg/LargeJpegReadWriteBench.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8a84eab4da7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/javax/imageio/plugins/jpeg/LargeJpegReadWriteBench.java
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.javax.imageio.plugins.jpeg;
+
+import java.awt.Color;
+import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
+import javax.imageio.ImageReader;
+import javax.imageio.ImageWriter;
+import javax.imageio.stream.ImageInputStream;
+import javax.imageio.stream.ImageOutputStream;
+
+/**
+ * Measure time taken to read large jpeg image
+ * make test TEST="micro:javax.imageio.plugins.jpeg.LargeJpegReadWriteBench"
+ */
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Fork(3)
+@State(Scope.Benchmark)
+public class LargeJpegReadWriteBench {
+
+    private static final File pwd = new File(".");
+    private static ImageReader reader;
+    private static ImageWriter writer;
+    private static BufferedImage src;
+
+    @Setup
+    public void setup() throws IOException {
+        src = createSource();
+        ImageInputStream iis = prepareInput(src);
+        reader = null;
+        Iterator<ImageReader> readerIterator = ImageIO.getImageReadersByFormatName("jpeg");
+        if (readerIterator.hasNext()) {
+            reader = readerIterator.next();
+        } else {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Could not find JPEG reader");
+        }
+        reader.setInput(iis);
+
+        ImageOutputStream ios = prepareOutput(src);
+        writer = null;
+        Iterator<ImageWriter> writerIterator = ImageIO.getImageWritersByFormatName("jpeg");
+        if (writerIterator.hasNext()) {
+            writer = writerIterator.next();
+        } else {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Could not find JPEG writer");
+        }
+        writer.setOutput(ios);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void readLargeJpegImage(Blackhole bh) throws IOException {
+        reader.read(0);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void writeLargeJpegImage(Blackhole bh) throws IOException {
+        writer.write(src);
+    }
+
+    private static BufferedImage createSource() {
+        int width = 2000;
+        int height = 2000;
+        int squareSize = 20;
+
+        Color red = Color.RED;
+        Color green = Color.GREEN;
+        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
+            BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
+        for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
+            for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
+                if (((x / squareSize) + (y / squareSize)) % 2 == 0) {
+                    image.setRGB(x, y, red.getRGB());
+                } else {
+                    image.setRGB(x, y, green.getRGB());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return image;
+    }
+
+    private static ImageInputStream prepareInput(BufferedImage src)
+        throws IOException {
+        File f = File.createTempFile("src_", ".jpeg", pwd);
+        if (ImageIO.write(src, "jpeg", f)) {
+            ImageInputStream iis = ImageIO.createImageInputStream(f);
+            f.deleteOnExit();
+            return iis;
+        } else {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Unable to write jpeg image");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static ImageOutputStream prepareOutput(BufferedImage src) throws IOException {
+        File f = File.createTempFile("dest_", ".jpeg", pwd);
+        ImageOutputStream ios = ImageIO.createImageOutputStream(f);
+        f.deleteOnExit();
+        return ios;
+    }
+}

From a8834d6dd076880202f553414d4fb1cc468e7891 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Fuchs <dfuchs@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 6 Mar 2026 09:28:51 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 268/707] 8378687: Improve delegation of HttpURLConnection

Reviewed-by: rhalade, jpai, michaelm, skoivu
---
 .../classes/sun/net/www/protocol/http/HttpURLConnection.java  | 4 ++--
 .../protocol/https/AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.java    | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/protocol/http/HttpURLConnection.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/protocol/http/HttpURLConnection.java
index 480553e9a62..45e641f11ee 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/protocol/http/HttpURLConnection.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/protocol/http/HttpURLConnection.java
@@ -571,8 +571,8 @@ public void setRequestMethod(String method)
                         throws ProtocolException {
         lock();
         try {
-            if (connecting) {
-                throw new IllegalStateException("connect in progress");
+            if (connected || connecting) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Already connected");
             }
             super.setRequestMethod(method);
         } finally {
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/protocol/https/AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/protocol/https/AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.java
index 1415658e34d..88449caaf09 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/protocol/https/AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/protocol/https/AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.java
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ public void setConnected(boolean conn) {
     public void connect() throws IOException {
         if (connected)
             return;
-        plainConnect();
+        super.connect();
         if (cachedResponse != null) {
             // using cached response
             return;

From 0203dcff4b14675df9f4f9b8dc31b33b9c4097d2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Weijun Wang <weijun@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 17 Mar 2026 21:03:49 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 269/707] 8377833: Enhance Jar file processing

Reviewed-by: ahgross, rhalade, hchao, mullan
---
 .../share/classes/java/util/jar/JarVerifier.java  |  6 +++---
 .../sun/security/util/SignatureFileVerifier.java  | 15 +++++++++++----
 2 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/jar/JarVerifier.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/jar/JarVerifier.java
index d73231a4c61..e3bdb0307b9 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/jar/JarVerifier.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/jar/JarVerifier.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ class JarVerifier {
     private ArrayList<SignatureFileVerifier> pendingBlocks;
 
     /* cache of CodeSigner objects */
-    private ArrayList<CodeSigner[]> signerCache;
+    private List<CodeSigner[]> signerCache;
 
     /* Are we parsing a block? */
     private boolean parsingBlockOrSF = false;
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ private void processEntry(ManifestEntryVerifier mev)
                 String key = uname.substring(0, uname.lastIndexOf('.'));
 
                 if (signerCache == null)
-                    signerCache = new ArrayList<>();
+                    signerCache = new LinkedList<>();
 
                 if (manDig == null) {
                     synchronized(manifestRawBytes) {
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/SignatureFileVerifier.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/SignatureFileVerifier.java
index d7e65b6aef0..0b21ccbd294 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/SignatureFileVerifier.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/SignatureFileVerifier.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -46,7 +46,12 @@ public class SignatureFileVerifier {
     /* Are we debugging ? */
     private static final Debug debug = Debug.getInstance("jar");
 
-    private final ArrayList<CodeSigner[]> signerCache;
+    private final List<CodeSigner[]> signerCache;
+
+    // The maximum size of the signerCache. This is for debug only
+    // and not intended to be adjusted by users.
+    private static int SIGNER_CACHE_SIZE
+            = Integer.getInteger("sun.security.util.jar.signer.cache.size", 5);
 
     private static final String ATTR_DIGEST =
         "-DIGEST-" + ManifestDigester.MF_MAIN_ATTRS.toUpperCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
@@ -97,7 +102,7 @@ public class SignatureFileVerifier {
      *
      * @param rawBytes the raw bytes of the signature block file
      */
-    public SignatureFileVerifier(ArrayList<CodeSigner[]> signerCache,
+    public SignatureFileVerifier(List<CodeSigner[]> signerCache,
                                  ManifestDigester md,
                                  String name,
                                  byte[] rawBytes)
@@ -282,7 +287,6 @@ public void process(Hashtable<String, CodeSigner[]> signers,
         } finally {
             Providers.stopJarVerification(obj);
         }
-
     }
 
     private void processImpl(Hashtable<String, CodeSigner[]> signers,
@@ -850,6 +854,9 @@ void updateSigners(CodeSigner[] newSigners,
                 newSigners.length);
         }
         signerCache.add(cachedSigners);
+        if (signerCache.size() > SIGNER_CACHE_SIZE) {
+            signerCache.remove(0);
+        }
         signers.put(name, cachedSigners);
     }
 

From 404a4dd17762c34ea4a5084acd6f07d9a8f21701 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Artur Barashev <abarashev@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 8 Apr 2026 12:08:39 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 270/707] 8380672: Improve certification checking

Reviewed-by: ahgross, jnibedita, pkumaraswamy, rhalade, weijun, mullan
---
 .../sun/security/util/HostnameChecker.java    |  4 ++--
 .../classes/sun/security/x509/DNSName.java    |  8 +++++++-
 .../test/lib/security/CertificateBuilder.java | 20 ++++++++++++++++---
 3 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/HostnameChecker.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/HostnameChecker.java
index 65115c9aeaf..b5a6e48e570 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/HostnameChecker.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/HostnameChecker.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ public static X500Name getSubjectX500Name(X509Certificate cert)
      * The <code>name</code> parameter should represent a DNS name.  The
      * <code>template</code> parameter may contain the wildcard character '*'.
      */
-    private boolean isMatched(String name, String template,
+    public boolean isMatched(String name, String template,
                               boolean chainsToPublicCA) {
 
         // Normalize to Unicode, because PSL is in Unicode.
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/x509/DNSName.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/x509/DNSName.java
index ce903a3d16c..17820d279a5 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/x509/DNSName.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/x509/DNSName.java
@@ -52,6 +52,8 @@
 public class DNSName implements GeneralNameInterface {
     private final String name;
 
+    private static final HostnameChecker HOSTNAME_CHECKER =
+            HostnameChecker.getInstance(HostnameChecker.TYPE_TLS);
     private static final String DNS_ALLOWED =
             "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789-";
 
@@ -218,6 +220,9 @@ public int hashCode() {
      * For example, www.host.example.com would satisfy the constraint but
      * host1.example.com would not.
      * <p>
+     * RFC6125: Match wildcard pattern in the input name being constrained,
+     * any wildcard in this name will be matched as a literal character.
+     * <p>
      * RFC1034: By convention, domain names can be stored with arbitrary case, but
      * domain name comparisons for all present domain functions are done in a
      * case-insensitive manner, assuming an ASCII character set, and a high
@@ -238,7 +243,8 @@ else if (inputName.getType() != NAME_DNS)
             String inName =
                 (((DNSName)inputName).getName()).toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
             String thisName = name.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
-            if (inName.equals(thisName))
+
+            if (HOSTNAME_CHECKER.isMatched(thisName, inName, false))
                 constraintType = NAME_MATCH;
             else if (thisName.endsWith(inName)) {
                 int inNdx = thisName.lastIndexOf(inName);
diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/CertificateBuilder.java b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/CertificateBuilder.java
index 6bf554c3517..a2d2a7d9eb1 100644
--- a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/CertificateBuilder.java
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/CertificateBuilder.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 package jdk.test.lib.security;
 
 import java.io.*;
+import java.net.IDN;
 import java.security.cert.*;
 import java.security.cert.Extension;
 import java.util.*;
@@ -41,7 +42,9 @@
 import sun.security.x509.AlgorithmId;
 import sun.security.x509.AuthorityInfoAccessExtension;
 import sun.security.x509.AuthorityKeyIdentifierExtension;
+import sun.security.x509.GeneralSubtrees;
 import sun.security.x509.IPAddressName;
+import sun.security.x509.NameConstraintsExtension;
 import sun.security.x509.SubjectKeyIdentifierExtension;
 import sun.security.x509.BasicConstraintsExtension;
 import sun.security.x509.CertificateSerialNumber;
@@ -326,7 +329,6 @@ public CertificateBuilder addExtensions(List<Extension> extList) {
      * Helper method to add DNSName types for the SAN extension
      *
      * @param dnsNames A {@code List} of names to add as DNSName types
-     *
      * @throws IOException if an encoding error occurs.
      */
     public CertificateBuilder addSubjectAltNameDNSExt(List<String> dnsNames)
@@ -334,7 +336,8 @@ public CertificateBuilder addSubjectAltNameDNSExt(List<String> dnsNames)
         if (!dnsNames.isEmpty()) {
             GeneralNames gNames = new GeneralNames();
             for (String name : dnsNames) {
-                gNames.add(new GeneralName(new DNSName(name)));
+                gNames.add(new GeneralName(new DNSName(new DerValue(
+                        DerValue.tag_IA5String, IDN.toASCII(name)))));
             }
             addExtension(new SubjectAlternativeNameExtension(false,
                     gNames));
@@ -437,6 +440,17 @@ public CertificateBuilder addBasicConstraintsExt(boolean crit, boolean isCA,
                 maxPathLen));
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Set the Name Constraints Extension for a certificate.
+     *
+     * @param permitted permitted names
+     * @param excluded excluded names
+     */
+    public CertificateBuilder addNameConstraintsExt(
+            GeneralSubtrees permitted, GeneralSubtrees excluded) {
+        return addExtension(new NameConstraintsExtension(permitted, excluded));
+    }
+
     /**
      * Add the Authority Key Identifier extension.
      *

From 33e220059bace41b02017c035505fe6fd81844da Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jayathirth D V <jdv@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 10 Apr 2026 12:14:14 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 271/707] 8381039: Enhance AWT ImagingLib

Reviewed-by: mschoene, rhalade, azvegint, prr
---
 .../libawt/awt/medialib/awt_ImagingLib.c      | 39 ++++++++++++++++---
 1 file changed, 34 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/native/libawt/awt/medialib/awt_ImagingLib.c b/src/java.desktop/share/native/libawt/awt/medialib/awt_ImagingLib.c
index bb93108f111..b6e10617cc3 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/native/libawt/awt/medialib/awt_ImagingLib.c
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/native/libawt/awt/medialib/awt_ImagingLib.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -2218,7 +2218,11 @@ allocateArray(JNIEnv *env, BufImageS_t *imageP,
     /* Means we need to fill in alpha */
     if (!cvtToDefault && addAlpha) {
         *mlibImagePP = (*sMlibSysFns.createFP)(MLIB_BYTE, 4, width, height);
-        if (*mlibImagePP != NULL) {
+        if (*mlibImagePP == NULL) {
+            (*env)->ReleasePrimitiveArrayCritical(env, rasterP->jdata, dataP,
+                                                  JNI_ABORT);
+            return -1;
+        } else {
             unsigned int *dstP  = (unsigned int *)
                 mlib_ImageGetData(*mlibImagePP);
             int dstride = (*mlibImagePP)->stride>>2;
@@ -2234,10 +2238,10 @@ allocateArray(JNIEnv *env, BufImageS_t *imageP,
                     dP[x] = sP[x] | 0xff000000;
                 }
             }
+            (*env)->ReleasePrimitiveArrayCritical(env, rasterP->jdata, dataP,
+                                                  JNI_ABORT);
+            return 0;
         }
-        (*env)->ReleasePrimitiveArrayCritical(env, rasterP->jdata, dataP,
-                                              JNI_ABORT);
-        return 0;
     }
     else if ((hintP->packing & BYTE_INTERLEAVED) == BYTE_INTERLEAVED) {
         int nChans = (cmP->isDefaultCompatCM ? 4 : hintP->numChans);
@@ -2252,6 +2256,11 @@ allocateArray(JNIEnv *env, BufImageS_t *imageP,
                                               hintP->sStride,
                                               (unsigned char *)dataP
                                               + hintP->dataOffset);
+        if (*mlibImagePP == NULL) {
+            (*env)->ReleasePrimitiveArrayCritical(env, rasterP->jdata, dataP,
+                                                  JNI_ABORT);
+            return -1;
+        }
     }
     else if ((hintP->packing & SHORT_INTERLEAVED) == SHORT_INTERLEAVED) {
         *mlibImagePP = (*sMlibSysFns.createStructFP)(MLIB_SHORT,
@@ -2261,6 +2270,11 @@ allocateArray(JNIEnv *env, BufImageS_t *imageP,
                                               imageP->raster.scanlineStride*2,
                                               (unsigned short *)dataP
                                               + hintP->channelOffset);
+        if (*mlibImagePP == NULL) {
+            (*env)->ReleasePrimitiveArrayCritical(env, rasterP->jdata, dataP,
+                                                  JNI_ABORT);
+            return -1;
+        }
     }
     else {
         /* Release the data array */
@@ -2360,6 +2374,11 @@ allocateRasterArray(JNIEnv *env, RasterS_t *rasterP,
                                               width, height,
                                               rasterP->scanlineStride*4,
                                               (unsigned char *)dataP + offset);
+        if (*mlibImagePP == NULL) {
+            (*env)->ReleasePrimitiveArrayCritical(env, rasterP->jdata, dataP,
+                                                  JNI_ABORT);
+            return -1;
+        }
         *dataPP = dataP;
         return 0;
     case sun_awt_image_IntegerComponentRaster_TYPE_BYTE_SAMPLES:
@@ -2388,6 +2407,11 @@ allocateRasterArray(JNIEnv *env, RasterS_t *rasterP,
                                               width, height,
                                               rasterP->scanlineStride,
                                               (unsigned char *)dataP + offset);
+        if (*mlibImagePP == NULL) {
+            (*env)->ReleasePrimitiveArrayCritical(env, rasterP->jdata, dataP,
+                                                  JNI_ABORT);
+            return -1;
+        }
         *dataPP = dataP;
         return 0;
     case sun_awt_image_IntegerComponentRaster_TYPE_USHORT_SAMPLES:
@@ -2418,6 +2442,11 @@ allocateRasterArray(JNIEnv *env, RasterS_t *rasterP,
                                                      width, height,
                                                      rasterP->scanlineStride*2,
                                                      (unsigned char *)dataP + offset);
+        if (*mlibImagePP == NULL) {
+            (*env)->ReleasePrimitiveArrayCritical(env, rasterP->jdata, dataP,
+                                                  JNI_ABORT);
+            return -1;
+        }
         *dataPP = dataP;
         return 0;
 

From 48d32601cde66fb211f89885bee8a0bd182cbea0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Anthony Scarpino <ascarpino@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 16 Apr 2026 17:15:33 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 272/707] 8381519: Enhance Der Value Handling

Reviewed-by: mschoene, jnimeh, valeriep
---
 .../share/classes/sun/security/util/DerValue.java | 15 +++++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/DerValue.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/DerValue.java
index ec8b482b07d..8d86c8dd143 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/DerValue.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/DerValue.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -157,6 +157,9 @@ public class DerValue {
      */
     public static final byte    tag_SetOf = 0x31;
 
+    // Max nested depth for constructed data
+    private static final int MAX_CONSTRUCTED_NEST = 30;
+
     // This class is mostly immutable except that:
     //
     // 1. resetTag() modifies the tag
@@ -564,6 +567,14 @@ public ObjectIdentifier getOID() throws IOException {
      * @return the octet string held in this DER value
      */
     public byte[] getOctetString() throws IOException {
+        return getOctetString(0);
+    }
+
+    private byte[] getOctetString(int limit) throws IOException {
+        if (++limit > MAX_CONSTRUCTED_NEST) {
+            throw new IOException("Nested OctetString limit reached ("
+                + MAX_CONSTRUCTED_NEST + ").");
+        }
 
         if (tag != tag_OctetString && !isConstructed(tag_OctetString)) {
             throw new IOException(
@@ -582,7 +593,7 @@ public byte[] getOctetString() throws IOException {
             ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
             DerInputStream dis = data();
             while (dis.available() > 0) {
-                bout.write(dis.getDerValue().getOctetString());
+                bout.write(dis.getDerValue().getOctetString(limit));
             }
             return bout.toByteArray();
         }

From 7e17c402e4fb0a3cffabef43352d91a62f0f94b8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jamil Nimeh <jnimeh@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:55:06 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 273/707] 8381796: Enhance Certificate parsing

Reviewed-by: ascarpino, abarashev, rhalade, mdonovan
---
 .../provider/certpath/URICertStore.java       |  89 +++++++++++++-
 .../sun/security/util/SecurityProperties.java |  32 ++++-
 .../share/conf/security/java.security         |  16 +++
 .../certpath/ldap/LDAPCertStoreImpl.java      |  45 ++++++-
 .../test/lib/security/CertificateBuilder.java | 114 +++++++++++++-----
 5 files changed, 261 insertions(+), 35 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/certpath/URICertStore.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/certpath/URICertStore.java
index 3e1fc8db164..6eb95f92246 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/certpath/URICertStore.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/certpath/URICertStore.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2006, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2006, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 
 package sun.security.provider.certpath;
 
+import java.io.FilterInputStream;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
@@ -188,6 +189,16 @@ private static int initializeTimeout(String prop, int def) {
         return timeoutVal;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Maximum size for a CRL downloaded through a URICertStore
+     * in bytes. This can be controlled by the com.sun.security.crl.maxSize
+     * Security or System property. The System property, if set, overrides
+     * the Security property. The default size is 20MiB.
+     */
+    private static final long MAX_CRL_DOWNLOAD_SIZE =
+            SecurityProperties.getOverridableLongProp(
+                    "com.sun.security.crl.maxSize", 20971520, debug);
+
     /**
      * Enumeration for the allowed schemes we support when following a
      * URI from an authorityInfoAccess extension on a certificate.
@@ -228,6 +239,13 @@ static AllowedScheme nameOf(String name) {
     private static final boolean CA_ISS_ALLOW_ANY;
 
     static {
+        // Add a debug message for the configured CRL download limit
+        if (debug != null) {
+            debug.println("Maximum downloadable CRL size: " +
+                    MAX_CRL_DOWNLOAD_SIZE +
+                    ((MAX_CRL_DOWNLOAD_SIZE < 0) ? " (DISABLED)" : ""));
+        }
+
         boolean allowAny = false;
         try {
             if (Builder.USE_AIA) {
@@ -623,7 +641,19 @@ public synchronized Collection<X509CRL> engineGetCRLs(CRLSelector selector)
                 if (debug != null) {
                     debug.println("Downloading new CRL...");
                 }
-                crl = (X509CRL) factory.generateCRL(in);
+                InputStream crlIn = (MAX_CRL_DOWNLOAD_SIZE > -1) ?
+                        new SizeLimitedInputStream(in, MAX_CRL_DOWNLOAD_SIZE) :
+                        in;
+                try {
+                    crl = (X509CRL) factory.generateCRL(crlIn);
+                } catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
+                    // IAE should only be thrown when the CRL exceeds a
+                    // configured maximum length.
+                    if (debug != null) {
+                        debug.println("Discarding CRL: " + iae.getMessage());
+                        crl = null;
+                    }
+                }
             }
             return getMatchingCRLs(crl, selector);
         } catch (IOException | CRLException e) {
@@ -816,4 +846,59 @@ boolean matchRule(URI filterRule, URI caIssuer) {
             return true;
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Stream wrapper used when an InputStream passed into a CertificateFactory
+     * needs to be size limited.  It will throw IllegalArgumentException when
+     * the downloaded resource via the underlying stream exceeds the maximum
+     * limit.
+     */
+    private static class SizeLimitedInputStream extends FilterInputStream {
+
+        private final long maxBytes;
+        private long bytesRead = 0;
+
+        private SizeLimitedInputStream(InputStream in, long maxBytes) {
+            super(in);
+            this.maxBytes = maxBytes;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int read() throws IOException {
+            if (bytesRead >= maxBytes) {
+                // We will use IAE here to differentiate this special case
+                // from other IOEs that the underlying input stream might
+                // legitimately throw.
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("InputStream exceeded max " +
+                        "size of " + maxBytes);
+            }
+
+            int b = super.read();
+            if (b != -1) {
+                bytesRead++;
+            }
+            return b;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
+
+            if (bytesRead >= maxBytes) {
+                // We will use IAE here to differentiate this special case
+                // from other IOEs that the underlying input stream might
+                // legitimately throw.
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("InputStream exceeded max " +
+                        "size of " + maxBytes);
+            }
+
+            long remaining = maxBytes - bytesRead;
+            int toRead = (int) Math.min(len, remaining);
+
+            int n = super.read(b, off, toRead);
+            if (n != -1) {
+                bytesRead += n;
+            }
+            return n;
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/SecurityProperties.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/SecurityProperties.java
index 98bc71d829b..da69ecbf5d6 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/SecurityProperties.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/util/SecurityProperties.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2018 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -139,6 +139,36 @@ public static int getTimeoutSystemProp(String prop, int def, Debug dbg) {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * A convenience routine for fetching a numeric value from a Security
+     * or System property and returning it as a long. The value from the
+     * property is obtained according to the logic in
+     * {@link SecurityProperties#getOverridableProperty(String)}
+     *
+     * @param prop the property to query
+     * @param defaultValue the default value
+     * @param dbg a Debug object, if null no debug messages will be sent
+     * @return the value of the property as a {@code long}. If a non-numeric
+     * value is supplied, the default value will be returned.
+     */
+    public static long getOverridableLongProp(String prop, long defaultValue,
+            Debug dbg) {
+        long longVal = defaultValue;
+        try {
+            String propVal = SecurityProperties.getOverridableProperty(prop);
+            if (propVal != null) {
+                longVal = Long.parseLong(propVal);
+            }
+        } catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
+            // We will use the default, but add a warning debug message
+            if (dbg != null) {
+                dbg.println("Warning: Non-numeric value found in property " +
+                        prop + ", using default value of " + defaultValue);
+            }
+        }
+        return longVal;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Convenience method for fetching System property values that are booleans.
      *
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/conf/security/java.security b/src/java.base/share/conf/security/java.security
index 26842d0c845..2fc908c6bf9 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/conf/security/java.security
+++ b/src/java.base/share/conf/security/java.security
@@ -1714,6 +1714,22 @@ jdk.epkcs8.defaultAlgorithm=PBEWithHmacSHA256AndAES_128
 #          ldap://ldap.company.com/dc=company,dc=com?caCertificate;binary
 com.sun.security.allowedAIALocations=
 
+#
+# Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Download Size Limitation
+#
+# This property sets a size limit for CRLs downloaded via URIs provided
+# in the CRL Distribution Points certificate extension.  This property
+# must be a numeric value that is the size in bytes of the DER-encoded CRL.
+# For protocols that can return multi-value responses, such as LDAP, the
+# size threshold is the sum of all CRLs downloaded from a single search
+# query. CRLs that exceed this length will not be processed during certificate
+# path validation. This size limit does not apply to CRLs that are imported
+# through non-network-based means. A negative value will disable this size
+# limitation. A non-numeric value will be ignored and the default size will
+# be used instead. The default size limit is 20MiB.
+# This property may be overridden by a System property of the same name.
+com.sun.security.crl.maxSize = 20971520
+
 #
 # PKCS #8 encoding format for newly created ML-KEM and ML-DSA private keys
 #
diff --git a/src/java.naming/share/classes/sun/security/provider/certpath/ldap/LDAPCertStoreImpl.java b/src/java.naming/share/classes/sun/security/provider/certpath/ldap/LDAPCertStoreImpl.java
index 8f18e04760a..ebf09e57bd1 100644
--- a/src/java.naming/share/classes/sun/security/provider/certpath/ldap/LDAPCertStoreImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.naming/share/classes/sun/security/provider/certpath/ldap/LDAPCertStoreImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@
 import sun.security.provider.certpath.X509CertificatePair;
 import sun.security.util.Cache;
 import sun.security.util.Debug;
+import sun.security.util.SecurityProperties;
 
 /**
  * Core implementation of a LDAP Cert Store.
@@ -96,6 +97,16 @@ final class LDAPCertStoreImpl {
     private static final String PROP_DISABLE_APP_RESOURCE_FILES =
         "sun.security.certpath.ldap.disable.app.resource.files";
 
+    /**
+     * Maximum size for a CRL downloaded through an LDAPCertStoreImpl
+     * in bytes. This can be controlled by the com.sun.security.crl.maxSize
+     * Security or System property. The System property, if set, overrides
+     * the Security property. The default size is 20MiB.
+     */
+    private static final long MAX_CRL_DOWNLOAD_SIZE =
+            SecurityProperties.getOverridableLongProp(
+                    "com.sun.security.crl.maxSize", 20971520, debug);
+
     static {
         String s = System.getProperty(PROP_LIFETIME);
         if (s != null) {
@@ -103,6 +114,13 @@ final class LDAPCertStoreImpl {
         } else {
             LIFETIME = DEFAULT_CACHE_LIFETIME;
         }
+
+        // Add a debug message for the configured CRL download limit
+        if (debug != null) {
+            debug.println("Maximum downloadable CRL size: " +
+                    MAX_CRL_DOWNLOAD_SIZE +
+                    ((MAX_CRL_DOWNLOAD_SIZE < 0) ? " (DISABLED)" : ""));
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -672,12 +690,12 @@ private Collection<X509Certificate> getMatchingCrossCerts(
         return certs;
     }
 
-    /*
+    /**
      * Gets CRLs from an attribute id and location in the LDAP directory.
      * Returns a Collection containing only the CRLs that match the
      * specified X509CRLSelector.
      *
-     * @param name the location holding the attribute
+     * @param request the LDAP request used for this CRL fetch operation
      * @param id the attribute identifier
      * @param sel a X509CRLSelector that the CRLs must match
      * @return a Collection of CRLs found
@@ -689,7 +707,26 @@ private Collection<X509CRL> getCRLs(LDAPRequest request, String id,
         /* fetch the encoded crls from storage */
         byte[][] encodedCRL;
         try {
-            encodedCRL = request.getValues(id);
+            byte[][] tmpCrls = request.getValues(id);
+            if (MAX_CRL_DOWNLOAD_SIZE > -1) {
+                int totalSize = 0;
+                for (byte[] tCrl : tmpCrls) {
+                    totalSize += tCrl.length;
+                }
+                if (totalSize <= MAX_CRL_DOWNLOAD_SIZE) {
+                    encodedCRL = tmpCrls;
+                } else {
+                    if (debug != null) {
+                        debug.println("Received " + tmpCrls.length +
+                                " CRL(s). Combined length of " + totalSize +
+                                " exceeds configured maximum.  Discarding.");
+                    }
+                    encodedCRL = new byte[0][];
+                }
+            } else {
+                // Download limits disabled
+                encodedCRL = tmpCrls;
+            }
         } catch (NamingException namingEx) {
             throw new CertStoreException(namingEx);
         }
diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/CertificateBuilder.java b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/CertificateBuilder.java
index a2d2a7d9eb1..86aaba2a0b1 100644
--- a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/CertificateBuilder.java
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/CertificateBuilder.java
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
 import sun.security.x509.AlgorithmId;
 import sun.security.x509.AuthorityInfoAccessExtension;
 import sun.security.x509.AuthorityKeyIdentifierExtension;
+import sun.security.x509.CRLDistributionPointsExtension;
 import sun.security.x509.GeneralSubtrees;
 import sun.security.x509.IPAddressName;
 import sun.security.x509.NameConstraintsExtension;
@@ -49,6 +50,7 @@
 import sun.security.x509.BasicConstraintsExtension;
 import sun.security.x509.CertificateSerialNumber;
 import sun.security.x509.ExtendedKeyUsageExtension;
+import sun.security.x509.DistributionPoint;
 import sun.security.x509.DNSName;
 import sun.security.x509.GeneralName;
 import sun.security.x509.GeneralNames;
@@ -61,13 +63,13 @@
 
 /**
  * Helper class that builds and signs X.509 certificates.
- *
+ * <p>
  * A CertificateBuilder is created with a default constructor, and then
  * uses additional public methods to set the public key, desired validity
  * dates, serial number and extensions.  It is expected that the caller will
  * have generated the necessary key pairs prior to using a CertificateBuilder
  * to generate certificates.
- *
+ * <p>
  * The following methods are mandatory before calling build():
  * <UL>
  * <LI>{@link #setSubjectName(java.lang.String)}
@@ -81,12 +83,12 @@
  * Additionally, the caller can either provide a {@link List} of
  * {@link Extension} objects, or use the helper classes to add specific
  * extension types.
- *
+ * <p>
  * When all required and desired parameters are set, the
  * {@link #build(java.security.cert.X509Certificate, java.security.PrivateKey,
  * java.lang.String)} method can be used to create the {@link X509Certificate}
  * object.
- *
+ * <p>
  * Multiple certificates may be cut from the same settings using subsequent
  * calls to the build method.  Settings may be cleared using the
  * {@link #reset()} method.
@@ -112,20 +114,23 @@ public enum KeyUsage {
         KEY_CERT_SIGN,
         CRL_SIGN,
         ENCIPHER_ONLY,
-        DECIPHER_ONLY;
+        DECIPHER_ONLY
     }
 
     /**
-     * Create a new CertificateBuilder instance. This method sets the subject name,
-     * public key, authority key id, and serial number.
+     * Create a new {@code CertificateBuilder} instance. This method sets the
+     * subject name, public key, authority key id, and serial number.
      *
      * @param subjectName entity associated with the public key
      * @param publicKey the entity's public key
      * @param caKey public key of certificate signer
      * @param keyUsages list of key uses
-     * @return
-     * @throws CertificateException
-     * @throws IOException
+     * @return a {@code CertificateBuilder} configured with the provided
+     *         parameters
+     *
+     * @throws CertificateException if an error occurs when obtaining the
+     *         underlying {@link CertificateFactory}
+     * @throws IOException if any extension encoding errors occur
      */
     public static CertificateBuilder newCertificateBuilder(String subjectName,
                            PublicKey publicKey, PublicKey caKey, KeyUsage... keyUsages)
@@ -151,9 +156,13 @@ public static CertificateBuilder newCertificateBuilder(String subjectName,
 
     /**
      * Create a Subject Alternative Name extension for the given DNS name
+     *
      * @param critical Sets the extension to critical or non-critical
-     * @param dnsName DNS name to use in the extension
-     * @throws IOException
+     * @param dnsNames one or more DNS names to use in the extension
+     * @return a {@code SubjectAlternativeNameExtension} configured with
+     *         the {@code dnsNames} as individual DNSName entries.
+     *
+     * @throws IOException if any encoding errors occur
      */
     public static SubjectAlternativeNameExtension createDNSSubjectAltNameExt(
             boolean critical, String... dnsNames) throws IOException {
@@ -166,9 +175,13 @@ public static SubjectAlternativeNameExtension createDNSSubjectAltNameExt(
 
     /**
      * Create a Subject Alternative Name extension for the given IP address
+     *
      * @param critical Sets the extension to critical or non-critical
-     * @param ipAddresses IP addresses to use in the extension
-     * @throws IOException
+     * @param ipAddresses one or more IP addresses to use in the extension
+     * @return a {@code SubjectAlternativeNameExtension} configured with
+     *         the {@code ipAddresses} as individual IPAddressName entries.
+     *
+     * @throws IOException if any encoding errors occur
      */
     public static SubjectAlternativeNameExtension createIPSubjectAltNameExt(
             boolean critical, String... ipAddresses) throws IOException {
@@ -215,6 +228,9 @@ public CertificateBuilder setSubjectName(X500Principal name) {
      * Set the subject name for the certificate.
      *
      * @param name The subject name in RFC 2253 format
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any parsing errors on the
+     * {@code name} parameter occur.
      */
     public CertificateBuilder setSubjectName(String name) {
         try {
@@ -241,6 +257,9 @@ public CertificateBuilder setSubjectName(X500Name name) {
      * Set the public key for this certificate.
      *
      * @param pubKey The {@link PublicKey} to be used on this certificate.
+     *
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the {@code pubKey} parameter
+     * is {@code null}
      */
     public CertificateBuilder setPublicKey(PublicKey pubKey) {
         publicKey = Objects.requireNonNull(pubKey, "Caught null public key");
@@ -252,6 +271,9 @@ public CertificateBuilder setPublicKey(PublicKey pubKey) {
      *
      * @param nbDate A {@link Date} object specifying the start of the
      * certificate validity period.
+     *
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the {@code nbDate} parameter
+     * is {@code null}
      */
     public CertificateBuilder setNotBefore(Date nbDate) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(nbDate, "Caught null notBefore date");
@@ -264,6 +286,9 @@ public CertificateBuilder setNotBefore(Date nbDate) {
      *
      * @param naDate A {@link Date} object specifying the end of the
      * certificate validity period.
+     *
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the {@code naDate} parameter
+     * is {@code null}
      */
     public CertificateBuilder setNotAfter(Date naDate) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(naDate, "Caught null notAfter date");
@@ -278,6 +303,9 @@ public CertificateBuilder setNotAfter(Date naDate) {
      * certificate validity period.
      * @param naDate A {@link Date} object specifying the end of the
      * certificate validity period.
+     *
+     * @throws NullPointerException if either the {@code nbDate} or
+     * {@code naDate} parameters are {@code null}
      */
     public CertificateBuilder setValidity(Date nbDate, Date naDate) {
         return setNotBefore(nbDate).setNotAfter(naDate);
@@ -292,6 +320,8 @@ public CertificateBuilder setOneHourValidity() {
      * Set the serial number on the certificate.
      *
      * @param serial A serial number in {@link BigInteger} form.
+     *
+     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code serial} is {@code null}
      */
     public CertificateBuilder setSerialNumber(BigInteger serial) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(serial, "Caught null serial number");
@@ -316,6 +346,8 @@ public CertificateBuilder addExtension(Extension ext) {
      *
      * @param extList The {@link List} of extensions to be added to
      * the certificate.
+     *
+     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code extList} is {@code null}
      */
     public CertificateBuilder addExtensions(List<Extension> extList) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(extList, "Caught null extension list");
@@ -329,6 +361,7 @@ public CertificateBuilder addExtensions(List<Extension> extList) {
      * Helper method to add DNSName types for the SAN extension
      *
      * @param dnsNames A {@code List} of names to add as DNSName types
+     *
      * @throws IOException if an encoding error occurs.
      */
     public CertificateBuilder addSubjectAltNameDNSExt(List<String> dnsNames)
@@ -350,6 +383,7 @@ public CertificateBuilder addSubjectAltNameDNSExt(List<String> dnsNames)
      *
      * @param ipAddresses A {@code List} of names to add as IPAddress
      *         types
+     *
      * @throws IOException if an encoding error occurs.
      */
     public CertificateBuilder addSubjectAltNameIPExt(List<String> ipAddresses)
@@ -365,13 +399,41 @@ public CertificateBuilder addSubjectAltNameIPExt(List<String> ipAddresses)
         return this;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Helper method to add one or more distribution points to the CRL
+     * Distribution Points extension.  This form of the method only supports
+     * URI name types, but can be extended in the future to support other types.
+     *
+     * @param uriNames a list of URIs in String form
+     * @return the {@code CertificateBuilder} configured to add this
+     * CRL Distribution Points extension.
+     *
+     * @throws IOException if any of the URIs in {@code uriNames} are
+     * malformed
+     */
+    public CertificateBuilder addCrlDistributionPointsExt(List<String> uriNames)
+        throws IOException {
+        if (uriNames != null && !uriNames.isEmpty()) {
+            GeneralNames gNames = new GeneralNames();
+            for (String name : uriNames) {
+                gNames.add(new GeneralName(new URIName(name)));
+            }
+            addExtension(new CRLDistributionPointsExtension(List.of(
+                    new DistributionPoint(gNames, null, null))));
+        }
+        return this;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Helper method to add one or more OCSP URIs to the Authority Info Access
      * certificate extension.  Location strings can be in two forms:
-     * 1) Just a URI by itself: This will be treated as using the OCSP
+     * <ol>
+     *     <li>Just a URI by itself: This will be treated as using the OCSP
      *    access description (legacy behavior).
-     * 2) An access description name (case-insensitive) followed by a
-     *    pipe (|) and the URI (e.g. OCSP|http://ocsp.company.com/revcheck).
+     *     <li>An access description name (case-insensitive) followed by a
+     *    pipe (|) and the URI (e.g.
+     *    {@code OCSP|http://ocsp.company.com/revcheck}).
+     * </ol>
      * Current description names are OCSP and CAISSUER. Others may be
      * added later.
      *
@@ -392,16 +454,12 @@ public CertificateBuilder addAIAExt(List<String> locations)
                     adObj = AccessDescription.Ad_OCSP_Id;
                     uriLoc = tokens[0];
                 } else {
-                    switch (tokens[0].toUpperCase()) {
-                        case "OCSP":
-                            adObj = AccessDescription.Ad_OCSP_Id;
-                            break;
-                        case "CAISSUER":
-                            adObj = AccessDescription.Ad_CAISSUERS_Id;
-                            break;
-                        default:
-                            throw new IOException("Unknown AD: " + tokens[0]);
-                    }
+                    adObj = switch (tokens[0].toUpperCase()) {
+                        case "OCSP" -> AccessDescription.Ad_OCSP_Id;
+                        case "CAISSUER" -> AccessDescription.Ad_CAISSUERS_Id;
+                        default -> throw new IOException("Unknown AD: " +
+                                tokens[0]);
+                    };
                     uriLoc = tokens[1];
                 }
                 acDescList.add(new AccessDescription(adObj,
@@ -568,7 +626,7 @@ public X509Certificate build(X509Certificate issuerCert,
     }
 
     /**
-     * Encode the contents of the outer-most ASN.1 SEQUENCE:
+     * Encode the contents of the outermost ASN.1 SEQUENCE:
      *
      * <PRE>
      *  Certificate  ::=  SEQUENCE  {

From 24def160f946a9a17dff578bf259563c6134627c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Weijun Wang <weijun@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 27 Apr 2026 21:38:44 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 274/707] 8381049: Enhance Jar handling

Reviewed-by: hchao, rhalade, mdonovan, abarashev, mullan, mpowers
---
 .../classes/sun/security/pkcs/SignerInfo.java |  23 +++-
 .../sun/security/timestamp/TSResponse.java    |   9 +-
 .../jdk/test/lib/security/DerUtilsTest.java   | 116 ++++++++++++++++++
 test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/DerUtils.java  |  83 ++++++++++++-
 .../lib/security/timestamp/TsaHandler.java    |   9 +-
 .../test/lib/security/timestamp/TsaParam.java |  26 +++-
 .../lib/security/timestamp/TsaSigner.java     |  41 +++++--
 7 files changed, 293 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/lib-test/jdk/test/lib/security/DerUtilsTest.java

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/pkcs/SignerInfo.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/pkcs/SignerInfo.java
index 36139d4f4a0..5b2c67500ac 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/pkcs/SignerInfo.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/pkcs/SignerInfo.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -341,6 +341,21 @@ SignerInfo verify(PKCS7 block, byte[] data, X509Certificate cert)
             // if there are authenticated attributes, get the message
             // digest and compare it with the digest of data
             if (authenticatedAttributes == null) {
+                // RFC 5652 Section 5.3. "[signedAttrs] MUST be present if the
+                // content type of the EncapsulatedContentInfo value being
+                // signed is not id-data."
+                if (!content.getContentType().equals(ContentInfo.DATA_OID)) {
+                    throw new SignatureException("Missing authenticatedAttributes");
+                } else {
+                    try {
+                        var c = new DerValue(data);
+                        if (c.tag == DerValue.tag_Set) {
+                            throw new SignatureException("Not a .SF file content");
+                        }
+                    } catch (IOException e) {
+                        // Expected or ignored
+                    }
+                }
                 dataSigned = data;
             } else {
 
@@ -688,6 +703,12 @@ public Timestamp getTimestamp()
             return null;
         }
 
+        // RFC 3161 Section 2.4.2. id-ct-TSTInfo.
+        if (!tsToken.getContentInfo().getContentType()
+                .equals(ContentInfo.TIMESTAMP_TOKEN_INFO_OID)) {
+            throw new SignatureException("Not using id-ct-TSTInfo");
+        }
+
         // Extract the content (an encoded timestamp token info)
         byte[] encTsTokenInfo = tsToken.getContentInfo().getData();
         // Extract the signer (the Timestamping Authority)
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/timestamp/TSResponse.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/timestamp/TSResponse.java
index 16ba761bff0..82287540b63 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/timestamp/TSResponse.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/timestamp/TSResponse.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@
 package sun.security.timestamp;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
+
+import sun.security.pkcs.ContentInfo;
 import sun.security.pkcs.PKCS7;
 import sun.security.util.Debug;
 import sun.security.util.DerValue;
@@ -357,6 +359,11 @@ private void parse(byte[] tsReply) throws IOException {
             DerValue timestampToken = derValue.data.getDerValue();
             encodedTsToken = timestampToken.toByteArray();
             tsToken = new PKCS7(encodedTsToken);
+            // RFC 3161 Section 2.4.2. id-ct-TSTInfo.
+            if (!tsToken.getContentInfo().getContentType()
+                    .equals(ContentInfo.TIMESTAMP_TOKEN_INFO_OID)) {
+                throw new TimestampException("Not using id-ct-TSTInfo");
+            }
             tstInfo = new TimestampToken(tsToken.getContentInfo().getData());
         }
 
diff --git a/test/lib-test/jdk/test/lib/security/DerUtilsTest.java b/test/lib-test/jdk/test/lib/security/DerUtilsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5ab6dcf59f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/lib-test/jdk/test/lib/security/DerUtilsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.HexFormat;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+import jdk.test.lib.security.DerUtils;
+import sun.security.util.DerOutputStream;
+import sun.security.util.DerValue;
+import sun.security.util.KnownOIDs;
+import sun.security.util.ObjectIdentifier;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8381049
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/sun.security.util
+ * @summary Tests DerUtils navigation, assertions, and editing helpers
+ */
+public class DerUtilsTest {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        //0000:0015  [] SEQUENCE
+        //0002:0004  [0]     OID 1.2.3
+        //0006:0003  [1]     INTEGER 1
+        //0009:000C  [2]     OCTET STRING
+        //              >>> into 10 octets
+        //000B:000A  [2c]         SEQUENCE
+        //000D:0005  [2c0]             OID 2.5.4.3 (CommonName)
+        //0012:0003  [2c1]             INTEGER 2
+        byte[] der = bytes("30 13 06022a03 020101 04 0a 30 08 0603550403 020102");
+
+        // Test innerDerValue
+        Asserts.assertEQ(DerUtils.innerDerValue(der, "0").getOID(),
+                ObjectIdentifier.of("1.2.3"));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(DerUtils.innerDerValue(der, "1").getInteger(), 1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(DerUtils.innerDerValue(der, "2c0").getOID(),
+                ObjectIdentifier.of(KnownOIDs.CommonName));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(DerUtils.innerDerValue(der, "2c1").getInteger(), 2);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(DerUtils.innerDerValue(der, "3") == null);
+
+        // Test checks
+        DerUtils.checkAlg(der, "0", ObjectIdentifier.of("1.2.3"));
+        DerUtils.checkInt(der, "1", 1);
+        DerUtils.checkAlg(der, "2c0", ObjectIdentifier.of(KnownOIDs.CommonName));
+        DerUtils.checkInt(der, "2c1", 2);
+        DerUtils.shouldNotExist(der, "3");
+
+        // Test edit
+        der = DerUtils.edit(der, "0", oidValue("1.2.3.4"));
+        Asserts.assertEqualsByteArray(
+                bytes("30 14 06032a0304 020101 04 0a 30 08 0603550403 020102"), der);
+
+        der = DerUtils.edit(der, "2c1", intValue(8));
+        Asserts.assertEqualsByteArray(
+                bytes("30 14 06032a0304 020101 04 0a 30 08 0603550403 020108"), der);
+
+        der = DerUtils.edit(der, "1", null);
+        Asserts.assertEqualsByteArray(
+                bytes("30 11 06032a0304 04 0a 30 08 0603550403 020108"), der);
+
+        // Test insert
+        der = DerUtils.insert(der, "0", oidValue("1.2.5"));
+        Asserts.assertEqualsByteArray(
+                bytes("30 15 06022a05 06032a0304 04 0a 30 08 0603550403 020108"), der);
+
+        der = DerUtils.insert(der, "2c1", intValue(9));
+        Asserts.assertEqualsByteArray(
+                bytes("30 18 06022a05 06032a0304 04 0d 30 0b 0603550403 020109 020108"), der);
+
+        der = DerUtils.insert(der, "2c1", oidValue("1.2.6"));
+        Asserts.assertEqualsByteArray(
+                bytes("30 1c 06022a05 06032a0304 04 11 30 0f 0603550403 06022a06 020109 020108"), der);
+
+        // Cannot insert into a position ends with "c"
+        var derClone = der.clone(); // non-final reference cannot be used in lambda
+        Utils.runAndCheckException(() -> DerUtils.insert(derClone, "2c",
+                oidValue("1.2.7")), IOException.class);
+    }
+
+    static DerValue oidValue(String oid) throws IOException {
+        return DerValue.wrap(new DerOutputStream()
+                .putOID(ObjectIdentifier.of(oid)).toByteArray());
+    }
+
+    static DerValue intValue(int value) throws IOException {
+        return DerValue.wrap(new DerOutputStream()
+                .putInteger(value).toByteArray());
+    }
+
+    public static byte[] bytes(String hex) {
+        return HexFormat.of().parseHex(hex.replace(" ", ""));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/DerUtils.java b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/DerUtils.java
index 234130aa4ca..2323065b595 100644
--- a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/DerUtils.java
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/DerUtils.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 
 import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
 import sun.security.util.DerInputStream;
+import sun.security.util.DerOutputStream;
 import sun.security.util.DerValue;
 import sun.security.util.KnownOIDs;
 import sun.security.util.ObjectIdentifier;
@@ -124,4 +125,84 @@ public static void shouldNotExist(byte[] der, String location)
             throws Exception {
         Asserts.assertTrue(innerDerValue(der, location) == null);
     }
+
+    /// Replaces a `DerValue` (deep) inside with another one.
+    ///
+    /// @param data the `DerValue`
+    /// @param target the location to edit. Cannot be empty.
+    /// @param replacement replace the value at `target` with this. Can be a `DerValue`
+    ///         or a `DerOutputStream`. Remove if `null`.
+    /// @return the new value
+    public static byte[] edit(byte[] data, String target, Object replacement)
+            throws IOException {
+        if (target.isEmpty()) throw new IOException("Must be a sub-location");
+        return modify0(data, "", target, replacement, false).toByteArray();
+    }
+
+    /// Inserts a `DerValue` (deep) into another one.
+    ///
+    /// @param data the `DerValue`
+    /// @param target the location to insert at. Cannot be empty. The new value
+    ///        is inserted before the existing value at `target`, and following
+    ///        values are shifted. After insertion, the value at `target`
+    ///        is the inserted value. A target ending exactly with `c` is not
+    ///        a valid insertion position because the content of an OCTET
+    ///        STRING must be only one `DerValue`.
+    /// @param addition the value to insert. Can be a `DerValue` or a
+    ///        `DerOutputStream`
+    /// @return the new value
+    public static byte[] insert(byte[] data, String target, Object addition)
+            throws IOException {
+        if (target.isEmpty()) throw new IOException("Must be a sub-location");
+        return modify0(data, "", target, addition, true).toByteArray();
+    }
+
+    /// Implementation of [#edit] and [#insert], recursively.
+    ///
+    /// @param data the `DerValue`
+    /// @param now the current location
+    /// @param target the location to edit or insert at
+    /// @param replacement the replacement or inserted value
+    /// @param insert true to insert before the target, false to replace it
+    /// @return the new value at this location
+    private static DerOutputStream modify0(byte[] data, String now, String target,
+            Object replacement, boolean insert) throws IOException {
+        var out = new DerOutputStream();
+        var parent = DerUtils.innerDerValue(data, now);
+        if (target.equals(now + "c")) {
+            if (insert) {
+                throw new IOException("Action cannot be performed at position " + target);
+            }
+            if (replacement instanceof DerValue v) {
+                out.putDerValue(v);
+            } else if (replacement instanceof DerOutputStream s) {
+                out.write(s);
+            }
+        } else if (target.startsWith(now + "c")) { // not there yet, go inside
+            return out.write(parent.tag, modify0(data, now + "c", target, replacement, insert));
+        } else {
+            for (int i = 0; ; i++) {
+                // We only support locations of one digit now
+                if (i > 9) throw new IllegalStateException("Too big " + i);
+                String pos = now + i;
+                var sub = DerUtils.innerDerValue(data, pos); // current value
+                if (sub == null) break; // at the end
+                if (target.equals(pos)) { // the one we want to change
+                    if (replacement instanceof DerValue v) {
+                        out.putDerValue(v);
+                    } else if (replacement instanceof DerOutputStream s) {
+                        out.write(s);
+                    }
+                    if (insert) {
+                        out.putDerValue(sub);
+                    }
+                } else if (target.startsWith(pos)) { // not there yet, go inside
+                    out.write(modify0(data, pos, target, replacement, insert));
+                } else { // the untouched values
+                    out.putDerValue(sub);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return new DerOutputStream().write(parent.tag, out);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/timestamp/TsaHandler.java b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/timestamp/TsaHandler.java
index d42d9f031d4..fa3d6abe599 100644
--- a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/timestamp/TsaHandler.java
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/timestamp/TsaHandler.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -148,7 +148,6 @@ protected SignerEntry createSignerEntry(String alias) throws Exception {
      */
     protected TsaParam getParam(URI uri) {
         String query = uri.getQuery();
-
         TsaParam param = TsaParam.newInstance();
         if (query != null) {
             for (String bufParam : query.split("&")) {
@@ -186,6 +185,12 @@ protected TsaParam getParam(URI uri) {
                 } else if ("certReq".equalsIgnoreCase(pair[0])) {
                     param.certReq(Boolean.valueOf(pair[1]));
                     System.out.println("certReq: " + param.certReq());
+                } else if ("noSignedAttrs".equalsIgnoreCase(pair[0])) {
+                    param.noSignedAttrs(Boolean.valueOf(pair[1]));
+                    System.out.println("noSignedAttrs: " + param.noSignedAttrs());
+                } else if ("notTimestampOID".equalsIgnoreCase(pair[0])) {
+                    param.notTimestampOID(Boolean.valueOf(pair[1]));
+                    System.out.println("notTimestampOID: " + param.notTimestampOID());
                 }
             }
         }
diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/timestamp/TsaParam.java b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/timestamp/TsaParam.java
index fca684bd5e6..8838fb71a3a 100644
--- a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/timestamp/TsaParam.java
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/timestamp/TsaParam.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -71,6 +71,12 @@ public class TsaParam {
     // Indicate if request TSA server certificate
     private Boolean certReq;
 
+    // Do not create signedAttrs
+    private Boolean noSignedAttrs;
+
+    // Do not use TIMESTAMP_TOKEN_INFO_OID
+    private Boolean notTimestampOID;
+
     public static TsaParam newInstance() {
         return new TsaParam();
     }
@@ -177,4 +183,22 @@ public TsaParam certReq(Boolean certReq) {
         this.certReq = certReq;
         return this;
     }
+
+    public Boolean noSignedAttrs() {
+        return noSignedAttrs;
+    }
+
+    public TsaParam noSignedAttrs(Boolean noSignedAttrs) {
+        this.noSignedAttrs = noSignedAttrs;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    public Boolean notTimestampOID() {
+        return notTimestampOID;
+    }
+
+    public TsaParam notTimestampOID(Boolean notTimestampOID) {
+        this.notTimestampOID = notTimestampOID;
+        return this;
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/timestamp/TsaSigner.java b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/timestamp/TsaSigner.java
index 22d630f3aa8..7ec2609e779 100644
--- a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/timestamp/TsaSigner.java
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/timestamp/TsaSigner.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@
 
 package jdk.test.lib.security.timestamp;
 
-import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
 import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.security.MessageDigest;
 import java.security.Signature;
 import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
 import java.util.Date;
@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@
 import jdk.test.lib.hexdump.HexPrinter;
 import sun.security.pkcs.ContentInfo;
 import sun.security.pkcs.PKCS7;
+import sun.security.pkcs.PKCS9Attribute;
+import sun.security.pkcs.PKCS9Attributes;
 import sun.security.pkcs.SignerInfo;
 import sun.security.util.*;
 import sun.security.x509.AlgorithmId;
@@ -202,8 +204,11 @@ private byte[] createResponse(TsaParam requestParam) throws Exception {
             DerOutputStream eContentOut = new DerOutputStream();
             eContentOut.putOctetString(tstInfoSeqData);
 
+            ObjectIdentifier infoOid = respParam.notTimestampOID() == Boolean.TRUE
+                    ? ContentInfo.DATA_OID
+                    : ContentInfo.TIMESTAMP_TOKEN_INFO_OID;
             ContentInfo eContentInfo = new ContentInfo(
-                    ObjectIdentifier.of(KnownOIDs.TimeStampTokenInfo),
+                    infoOid,
                     new DerValue(eContentOut.toByteArray()));
 
             String defaultSigAlgo =  SignatureUtil.getDefaultSigAlgForKey(
@@ -213,16 +218,36 @@ private byte[] createResponse(TsaParam requestParam) throws Exception {
             System.out.println(
                     "Signature algorithm: " + signature.getAlgorithm());
             signature.initSign(signerEntry.privateKey);
-            signature.update(tstInfoSeqData);
+
+            AlgorithmId digestAlg = SignatureUtil.getDigestAlgInPkcs7SignerInfo(
+                    signature, sigAlgo, signerEntry.privateKey,
+                    signerEntry.cert.getPublicKey(), false);
+
+            PKCS9Attributes authAttrs = null;
+
+            if (respParam.noSignedAttrs() == Boolean.TRUE) {
+                signature.update(tstInfoSeqData);
+            } else {
+                authAttrs = new PKCS9Attributes(new PKCS9Attribute[]{
+                        new PKCS9Attribute(PKCS9Attribute.CONTENT_TYPE_OID,
+                                infoOid),
+                        new PKCS9Attribute(PKCS9Attribute.SIGNING_TIME_OID,
+                                new Date()),
+                        new PKCS9Attribute(PKCS9Attribute.MESSAGE_DIGEST_OID,
+                                MessageDigest.getInstance(digestAlg.getName())
+                                        .digest(tstInfoSeqData))
+                });
+                signature.update(authAttrs.getDerEncoding());
+            }
 
             SignerInfo signerInfo = new SignerInfo(
                     new X500Name(issuerName),
                     signerEntry.cert.getSerialNumber(),
-                    SignatureUtil.getDigestAlgInPkcs7SignerInfo(
-                            signature, sigAlgo, signerEntry.privateKey,
-                            signerEntry.cert.getPublicKey(), false),
+                    digestAlg,
+                    authAttrs,
                     AlgorithmId.get(sigAlgo),
-                    signature.sign());
+                    signature.sign(),
+                    null);
 
             X509Certificate[] signerCertChain = interceptor.getSignerCertChain(
                     signerEntry.certChain, requestParam.certReq());

From 88fb149eb0ab7c094e630daefa8008bc86d9e8bd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jayathirth D V <jdv@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 11 May 2026 04:41:11 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 275/707] 8377158: Enhance XBM image support

Reviewed-by: rhalade, aivanov, prr, azvegint
---
 .../sun/awt/image/XbmImageDecoder.java        | 314 +++++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 194 insertions(+), 120 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/awt/image/XbmImageDecoder.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/awt/image/XbmImageDecoder.java
index 1b7cd41daa9..4e79c6a6354 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/awt/image/XbmImageDecoder.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/awt/image/XbmImageDecoder.java
@@ -31,12 +31,8 @@
 import java.awt.image.ImageConsumer;
 import java.awt.image.IndexColorModel;
 import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
-import java.io.BufferedReader;
-import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
-import java.io.InputStreamReader;
-import java.util.regex.Matcher;
-import java.util.regex.Pattern;
+import java.io.IOException;
 
 import static java.lang.Math.multiplyExact;
 
@@ -62,9 +58,8 @@ public class XbmImageDecoder extends ImageDecoder {
                                          ImageConsumer.SINGLEPASS |
                                          ImageConsumer.SINGLEFRAME);
 
+    private static final int MAX_CHAR_LIMIT = 128000;
     private static final int MAX_XBM_SIZE = 16384;
-    private static final int HEADER_SCAN_LIMIT = 100;
-
     public XbmImageDecoder(InputStreamImageSource src, InputStream is) {
         super(src, is);
         if (!(input instanceof BufferedInputStream)) {
@@ -86,150 +81,229 @@ private static void error(String s1) throws ImageFormatException {
      * produce an image from the stream.
      */
     public void produceImage() throws IOException, ImageFormatException {
+        char[] nm = new char[80];
+        int c;
+        int i = 0;
+        int state = 0;
         int H = 0;
         int W = 0;
         int x = 0;
         int y = 0;
-        int n = 0;
-        int state = 0;
+        boolean consumeWidthValue = false;
+        boolean consumeHeightValue = false;
+        boolean validWidthConsumed = false;
+        boolean validHeightConsumed = false;
+        // number of tokens seen as part of this define statement
+        int defineTokenCount = 0;
         byte[] raster = null;
         IndexColorModel model = null;
+        int charCount = 0;
 
-        String matchRegex = "\\s*(0[xX])?((?:(?!,|\\};).)+)(,|\\};)";
-        String replaceRegex = "0[xX]|,|\\s+|\\};";
-
-        String line;
-        int lineNum = 0;
-
-        try (BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(input))) {
-            // loop to process XBM header - width, height and create raster
-            while (!aborted && (line = br.readLine()) != null
-                    && lineNum <= HEADER_SCAN_LIMIT) {
-                lineNum++;
-                // process #define stmts
-                if (line.trim().startsWith("#define")) {
-                    String[] token = line.split("\\s+");
-                    if (token.length != 3) {
-                        error("Error while parsing define statement");
+        //read header info
+        while (!aborted && (c = input.read()) != -1) {
+            charCount++;
+            if (charCount > MAX_CHAR_LIMIT) {
+                error("Incomplete image after reading "
+                    + "the maximum allowed number of characters: "
+                    + MAX_CHAR_LIMIT);
+            }
+            if ('a' <= c && c <= 'z' ||
+                'A' <= c && c <= 'Z' ||
+                '0' <= c && c <= '9' || c == '#' || c == '_') {
+                if (i < nm.length) {
+                    nm[i++] = (char) c;
+                } else {
+                    error("XBM header contains literal greater than size 80");
+                }
+            } else if (i > 0) {
+                int nc = i;
+                i = 0;
+                if (defineTokenCount >= 1) {
+                    // we are inside a #define line
+                    defineTokenCount++;
+                }
+                if (defineTokenCount == 0) {
+                    if (nc == 7 &&
+                        nm[0] == '#' &&
+                        nm[1] == 'd' &&
+                        nm[2] == 'e' &&
+                        nm[3] == 'f' &&
+                        nm[4] == 'i' &&
+                        nm[5] == 'n' &&
+                        nm[6] == 'e')
+                    {
+                        defineTokenCount++;
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                } else if (defineTokenCount == 2) {
+                    // consume second token in #define line
+                    if (state < 2) {
+                        if (nm[nc - 1] == 'h' &&
+                            !validWidthConsumed) {
+                            consumeWidthValue = true;
+                        } else if ((nm[nc - 1] == 't' && nc > 1 &&
+                                    nm[nc - 2] == 'h') &&
+                                   !validHeightConsumed) {
+                            consumeHeightValue = true;
+                        }
                     }
-                    try {
-                        if (state < 2) {
-                            if (token[1].endsWith("h")) {
-                                W = Integer.parseInt(token[2]);
-                            } else if (token[1].endsWith("ht")) {
-                                H = Integer.parseInt(token[2]);
+                } else if (defineTokenCount == 3) {
+                    defineTokenCount = 0;
+                    // consume third token in #define line
+                    int n = 0;
+                    for (int p = 0; p < nc; p++) {
+                        if ('0' <= (c = nm[p]) && c <= '9') {
+                            n = n * 10 + c - '0';
+                            if (n > MAX_XBM_SIZE) {
+                                error("Width/Height cannot be more than: "
+                                    + MAX_XBM_SIZE);
                             }
-                            // After the 1st dimension is set, state becomes 1;
-                            // after the 2nd dimension is set, state becomes 2
-                            ++state;
+                        } else {
+                            error("Invalid width/height value");
                         }
-                    } catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
-                        // parseInt() can throw NFE
-                        error("Error while parsing width or height.");
                     }
-                }
 
-                if (state == 2) {
-                    if (W <= 0 || H <= 0) {
-                        error("Invalid values for width or height.");
+                    if (n > 0 && (consumeWidthValue || consumeHeightValue)) {
+                        if (consumeWidthValue) {
+                            if (!validWidthConsumed) {
+                                W = n;
+                                validWidthConsumed = true;
+                                state++;
+                            }
+                            consumeWidthValue = false;
+                        } else if (consumeHeightValue) {
+                            if (!validHeightConsumed) {
+                                H = n;
+                                validHeightConsumed = true;
+                                state++;
+                            }
+                            consumeHeightValue = false;
+                        }
                     }
-                    if (multiplyExact(W, H) > MAX_XBM_SIZE) {
-                        error("Large XBM file size."
+                    // verify the consumed width & height value and initialize
+                    // required constructs
+                    if (state == 2) {
+                        if (multiplyExact(W, H) > MAX_XBM_SIZE) {
+                            error("Large XBM file size."
                                 + " Maximum allowed size: " + MAX_XBM_SIZE);
-                    }
-                    model = new IndexColorModel(8, 2, XbmColormap,
+                        }
+                        model = new IndexColorModel(8, 2, XbmColormap,
                             0, false, 0);
-                    setDimensions(W, H);
-                    setColorModel(model);
-                    setHints(XbmHints);
-                    headerComplete();
-                    raster = new byte[W];
-                    state = 3;
-                    break;
+                        setDimensions(W, H);
+                        setColorModel(model);
+                        setHints(XbmHints);
+                        headerComplete();
+                        raster = new byte[W];
+                        state = 3;
+                        break;
+                    }
                 }
             }
+        }
 
-            if (state != 3) {
-                error("Width or Height of XBM file not defined");
-            }
-
-            boolean contFlag = false;
-            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
-
-            // loop to process image data
-            while (!aborted && (line = br.readLine()) != null) {
-                lineNum++;
-
-                if (!contFlag) {
-                    if (line.contains("[]")) {
-                        contFlag = true;
-                    } else {
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                }
+        if (state != 3) {
+            error("Width or Height of XBM file not defined");
+        }
 
-                int end = line.indexOf(';');
-                if (end >= 0) {
-                    sb.append(line, 0, end + 1);
-                    break;
-                } else {
-                    sb.append(line).append(System.lineSeparator());
-                }
+        // skip until we find '{'
+        boolean imageDataStarted = false;
+        while (!aborted && (c = input.read()) != -1) {
+            charCount++;
+            if (charCount > MAX_CHAR_LIMIT) {
+                error("Incomplete image after reading "
+                    + "the maximum allowed number of characters: "
+                    + MAX_CHAR_LIMIT);
             }
+            if (c == '{') {
+                imageDataStarted = true;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
 
-            String resultLine = sb.toString();
-            int cutOffIndex = resultLine.indexOf('{');
-            resultLine = resultLine.substring(cutOffIndex + 1);
-
-            Matcher matcher = Pattern.compile(matchRegex).matcher(resultLine);
-            while (matcher.find()) {
-                if (y >= H) {
-                    error("Scan size of XBM file exceeds"
-                            + " the defined width x height");
-                }
+        if (!imageDataStarted) {
+            error("Missing '{' at the start of image data");
+        }
 
-                int startIndex = matcher.start();
-                int endIndex = matcher.end();
-                String hexByte = resultLine.substring(startIndex, endIndex);
-                hexByte = hexByte.replaceAll("^\\s+", "");
+        // used to make sure that we have the final delimiter '};',
+        // while parsing the image data
+        int previousChar = '{';
+        // parse image data
+        boolean imageDataTerminated = false;
+        while (!aborted && (c = input.read()) != -1) {
+            charCount++;
+            if (charCount > MAX_CHAR_LIMIT) {
+                error("Incomplete image after reading "
+                    + "the maximum allowed number of characters: "
+                    + MAX_CHAR_LIMIT);
+            }
 
-                if (!(hexByte.startsWith("0x")
-                        || hexByte.startsWith("0X"))) {
-                    error("Invalid hexadecimal number at Ln#:" + lineNum
-                            + " Col#:" + (startIndex + 1));
-                }
-                hexByte = hexByte.replaceAll(replaceRegex, "");
-                if (hexByte.length() != 2) {
-                    error("Invalid hexadecimal number at Ln#:" + lineNum
-                            + " Col#:" + (startIndex + 1));
+            if (c == ';') {
+                if (previousChar != '}') {
+                    error("Abrupt end of image data without '};' delimiter");
                 }
+                imageDataTerminated = true;
+                break;
+            }
+            if (!Character.isWhitespace(c)) {
+                previousChar = c;
+            }
 
-                try {
-                    n = Integer.parseInt(hexByte, 16);
-                } catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
-                    error("Error parsing hexadecimal at Ln#:" + lineNum
-                            + " Col#:" + (startIndex + 1));
+            if (',' != c && '}' != c &&
+                !Character.isWhitespace(c)) {
+                nm[i++] = (char) c;
+                if (i > 4) {
+                    error("Image hex data should be 3 or 4 characters long");
                 }
-                for (int mask = 1; mask <= 0x80; mask <<= 1) {
-                    if (x < W) {
-                        if ((n & mask) != 0)
-                            raster[x] = 1;
+            } else if (i == 3 || i == 4) {
+                // consume valid hex image data
+                int n = 0;
+                int nc = i;
+                i = 0;
+                if (nm[0] == '0' &&
+                    (nm[1] == 'x' || nm[1] == 'X')) {
+                    for (int p = 2; p < nc; p++) {
+                        c = nm[p];
+                        if ('0' <= c && c <= '9')
+                            c = c - '0';
+                        else if ('A' <= c && c <= 'F')
+                            c = c - 'A' + 10;
+                        else if ('a' <= c && c <= 'f')
+                            c = c - 'a' + 10;
                         else
-                            raster[x] = 0;
+                            error("Corrupt hex image data");
+                        n = n * 16 + c;
                     }
-                    x++;
-                }
-
-                if (x >= W) {
-                    int result = setPixels(0, y, W, 1, model, raster, 0, W);
-                    if (result <= 0) {
-                        error("Unexpected error occurred during setPixel()");
+                    for (int mask = 1; mask <= 0x80; mask <<= 1) {
+                        if (x < W) {
+                            if ((n & mask) != 0)
+                                raster[x] = 1;
+                            else
+                                raster[x] = 0;
+                        }
+                        x++;
                     }
-                    x = 0;
-                    y++;
+                    if (x >= W) {
+                        if ((y + 1) > H) {
+                            error("Scan size of XBM file exceeds"
+                                + " the defined width x height");
+                        }
+                        if (setPixels(0, y, W, 1, model, raster, 0, W) == 0) {
+                            error("Unexpected error occurred during setPixel()");
+                        }
+                        x = 0;
+                        y++;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    error("Corrupt hex image data");
                 }
+            } else if (i == 1 || i == 2) {
+                error("Image hex data should be 3 or 4 characters long");
             }
-            imageComplete(ImageConsumer.STATICIMAGEDONE, true);
         }
+        if (!imageDataTerminated) {
+            error("Missing terminator ';'");
+        }
+        input.close();
+        imageComplete(ImageConsumer.STATICIMAGEDONE, true);
     }
 }

From c6aaf91d2bd6f231466d19fdde8a61eb90aeb61c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Artur Barashev <abarashev@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 21 May 2026 21:05:25 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 276/707] 8385076: Follow-on fix for Improve certification
 checking

Reviewed-by: ahgross, rhalade, jnibedita, pkumaraswamy, weijun, mullan
---
 .../share/classes/sun/security/x509/DNSName.java     | 12 ++++++++++--
 .../sun/security/x509/NameConstraintsExtension.java  | 10 ++++++++--
 2 files changed, 18 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/x509/DNSName.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/x509/DNSName.java
index 17820d279a5..02948c0c04f 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/x509/DNSName.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/x509/DNSName.java
@@ -229,11 +229,13 @@ public int hashCode() {
      * order zero bit.
      *
      * @param inputName to be checked for being constrained
+     * @param matchWildcard whether to match a wildcard in inputName
      * @return constraint type above
      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if name is not exact match, but narrowing and widening are
      *          not supported for this name type.
      */
-    public int constrains(GeneralNameInterface inputName) throws UnsupportedOperationException {
+    public int constrains(GeneralNameInterface inputName, boolean matchWildcard)
+            throws UnsupportedOperationException {
         int constraintType;
         if (inputName == null)
             constraintType = NAME_DIFF_TYPE;
@@ -244,7 +246,9 @@ else if (inputName.getType() != NAME_DNS)
                 (((DNSName)inputName).getName()).toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
             String thisName = name.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
 
-            if (HOSTNAME_CHECKER.isMatched(thisName, inName, false))
+            if (inName.equals(thisName) || (matchWildcard
+                    && inName.contains("*")
+                    && HOSTNAME_CHECKER.isMatched(thisName, inName, false)))
                 constraintType = NAME_MATCH;
             else if (thisName.endsWith(inName)) {
                 int inNdx = thisName.lastIndexOf(inName);
@@ -265,6 +269,10 @@ else if (thisName.endsWith(inName)) {
         return constraintType;
     }
 
+    public int constrains(GeneralNameInterface inputName) {
+        return constrains(inputName, false);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Return subtree depth of this name for purposes of determining
      * NameConstraints minimum and maximum bounds and for calculating
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/x509/NameConstraintsExtension.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/x509/NameConstraintsExtension.java
index ce6d4721ad7..5b34a726796 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/x509/NameConstraintsExtension.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/x509/NameConstraintsExtension.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -506,9 +506,15 @@ public boolean verify(GeneralNameInterface name) throws IOException {
                 if (exName == null)
                     continue;
 
+                // Match a wildcard in DNSName only against the excluded subtree
+                int matchResult =
+                        exName.getType() == GeneralNameInterface.NAME_DNS
+                                ? ((DNSName) exName).constrains(name, true)
+                                : exName.constrains(name);
+
                 // if name matches or narrows any excluded subtree,
                 // return false
-                switch (exName.constrains(name)) {
+                switch (matchResult) {
                 case GeneralNameInterface.NAME_DIFF_TYPE:
                 case GeneralNameInterface.NAME_WIDENS: // name widens excluded
                 case GeneralNameInterface.NAME_SAME_TYPE:

From e065824fbdd041b2557a0c9e7535508c72d04359 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David Briemann <dbriemann@openjdk.org>
Date: Sat, 18 Jul 2026 06:43:58 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 277/707] 8387210: PPC64: Remove postalloc_expand from
 EncodePKlass and DecodeNKlass nodes

Reviewed-by: rrich, mbaesken, mdoerr
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad | 122 +++++--------------------------------
 1 file changed, 16 insertions(+), 106 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
index d3e08a21640..2c0904a6b58 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
@@ -6612,36 +6612,6 @@ instruct decodeN2I_unscaled(iRegIdst dst, iRegNsrc src) %{
 
 // Convert klass pointer into compressed form.
 
-// Nodes for postalloc expand.
-
-// Shift node for expand.
-instruct encodePKlass_shift(iRegNdst dst, iRegNsrc src) %{
-  // The match rule is needed to make it a 'MachTypeNode'!
-  match(Set dst (EncodePKlass src));
-  predicate(false);
-
-  format %{ "SRDI    $dst, $src, 3 \t// encode" %}
-  size(4);
-  ins_encode %{
-    __ srdi($dst$$Register, $src$$Register, CompressedKlassPointers::shift());
-  %}
-  ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
-%}
-
-// Add node for expand.
-instruct encodePKlass_sub_base(iRegPdst dst, iRegLsrc base, iRegPdst src) %{
-  // The match rule is needed to make it a 'MachTypeNode'!
-  match(Set dst (EncodePKlass (Binary base src)));
-  predicate(false);
-
-  format %{ "SUB     $dst, $base, $src \t// encode" %}
-  size(4);
-  ins_encode %{
-    __ subf($dst$$Register, $base$$Register, $src$$Register);
-  %}
-  ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
-%}
-
 // Disjoint narrow oop base.
 instruct encodePKlass_Disjoint(iRegNdst dst, iRegPsrc src) %{
   match(Set dst (EncodePKlass src));
@@ -6656,116 +6626,56 @@ instruct encodePKlass_Disjoint(iRegNdst dst, iRegPsrc src) %{
 %}
 
 // shift != 0, base != 0
-instruct encodePKlass_not_null_Ex(iRegNdst dst, iRegLsrc base, iRegPsrc src) %{
+instruct encodePKlass_not_null(iRegNdst dst, iRegLsrc base, iRegPsrc src) %{
   match(Set dst (EncodePKlass (Binary base src)));
   predicate(false);
 
-  format %{ "EncodePKlass $dst, $src\t// $src != Null, postalloc expanded" %}
-  postalloc_expand %{
-    encodePKlass_sub_baseNode *n1 = new encodePKlass_sub_baseNode();
-    n1->add_req(n_region, n_base, n_src);
-    n1->_opnds[0] = op_dst;
-    n1->_opnds[1] = op_base;
-    n1->_opnds[2] = op_src;
-    n1->_bottom_type = _bottom_type;
-
-    encodePKlass_shiftNode *n2 = new encodePKlass_shiftNode();
-    n2->add_req(n_region, n1);
-    n2->_opnds[0] = op_dst;
-    n2->_opnds[1] = op_dst;
-    n2->_bottom_type = _bottom_type;
-    ra_->set_pair(n1->_idx, ra_->get_reg_second(this), ra_->get_reg_first(this));
-    ra_->set_pair(n2->_idx, ra_->get_reg_second(this), ra_->get_reg_first(this));
-
-    nodes->push(n1);
-    nodes->push(n2);
+  format %{ "EncodePKlass $dst = ($src - $base) >> 3\t// $src != nullptr" %}
+  size(8);
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ subf($dst$$Register, $base$$Register, $src$$Register);
+    __ srdi($dst$$Register, $dst$$Register, CompressedKlassPointers::shift());
   %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
 
 // shift != 0, base != 0
-instruct encodePKlass_not_null_ExEx(iRegNdst dst, iRegPsrc src) %{
+instruct encodePKlass_not_null_Ex(iRegNdst dst, iRegPsrc src) %{
   match(Set dst (EncodePKlass src));
   //predicate(CompressedKlassPointers::shift() != 0 &&
   //          true /* TODO: PPC port CompressedKlassPointers::base_overlaps()*/);
 
-  //format %{ "EncodePKlass $dst, $src\t// $src != Null, postalloc expanded" %}
   ins_cost(DEFAULT_COST*2);  // Don't count constant.
   expand %{
     immL baseImm %{ (jlong)(intptr_t)CompressedKlassPointers::base() %}
     iRegLdst base;
     loadConL_Ex(base, baseImm);
-    encodePKlass_not_null_Ex(dst, base, src);
+    encodePKlass_not_null(dst, base, src);
   %}
 %}
 
 // Decode nodes.
 
-// Shift node for expand.
-instruct decodeNKlass_shift(iRegPdst dst, iRegPsrc src) %{
-  // The match rule is needed to make it a 'MachTypeNode'!
-  match(Set dst (DecodeNKlass src));
-  predicate(false);
-
-  format %{ "SLDI    $dst, $src, #3 \t// DecodeNKlass" %}
-  size(4);
-  ins_encode %{
-    __ sldi($dst$$Register, $src$$Register, CompressedKlassPointers::shift());
-  %}
-  ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
-%}
-
-// Add node for expand.
-
-instruct decodeNKlass_add_base(iRegPdst dst, iRegLsrc base, iRegPdst src) %{
-  // The match rule is needed to make it a 'MachTypeNode'!
+// src != 0, shift != 0, base != 0
+instruct decodeNKlass_notNull(iRegPdst dst, iRegLsrc base, iRegNsrc src) %{
   match(Set dst (DecodeNKlass (Binary base src)));
   predicate(false);
 
-  format %{ "ADD     $dst, $base, $src \t// DecodeNKlass, add klass base" %}
-  size(4);
+  format %{ "DecodeNKlass $dst = ($base + $src) << 3\t// $src != nullptr, base pre-shifted" %}
+  size(8);
   ins_encode %{
     __ add($dst$$Register, $base$$Register, $src$$Register);
+    __ sldi($dst$$Register, $dst$$Register, CompressedKlassPointers::shift());
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
 
 // src != 0, shift != 0, base != 0
-instruct decodeNKlass_notNull_addBase_Ex(iRegPdst dst, iRegLsrc base, iRegNsrc src) %{
-  match(Set dst (DecodeNKlass (Binary base src)));
-  //effect(kill src); // We need a register for the immediate result after shifting.
-  predicate(false);
-
-  format %{ "DecodeNKlass $dst =  $base + ($src << 3) \t// $src != nullptr, postalloc expanded" %}
-  postalloc_expand %{
-    decodeNKlass_add_baseNode *n1 = new decodeNKlass_add_baseNode();
-    n1->add_req(n_region, n_base, n_src);
-    n1->_opnds[0] = op_dst;
-    n1->_opnds[1] = op_base;
-    n1->_opnds[2] = op_src;
-    n1->_bottom_type = _bottom_type;
-
-    decodeNKlass_shiftNode *n2 = new decodeNKlass_shiftNode();
-    n2->add_req(n_region, n1);
-    n2->_opnds[0] = op_dst;
-    n2->_opnds[1] = op_dst;
-    n2->_bottom_type = _bottom_type;
-
-    ra_->set_pair(n1->_idx, ra_->get_reg_second(this), ra_->get_reg_first(this));
-    ra_->set_pair(n2->_idx, ra_->get_reg_second(this), ra_->get_reg_first(this));
-
-    nodes->push(n1);
-    nodes->push(n2);
-  %}
-%}
-
-// src != 0, shift != 0, base != 0
-instruct decodeNKlass_notNull_addBase_ExEx(iRegPdst dst, iRegNsrc src) %{
+instruct decodeNKlass_notNull_Ex(iRegPdst dst, iRegNsrc src) %{
   match(Set dst (DecodeNKlass src));
   // predicate(CompressedKlassPointers::shift() != 0 &&
   //           CompressedKlassPointers::base() != 0);
 
-  //format %{ "DecodeNKlass $dst, $src \t// $src != nullptr, expanded" %}
-
   ins_cost(DEFAULT_COST*2);  // Don't count constant.
   expand %{
     // We add first, then we shift. Like this, we can get along with one register less.
@@ -6773,7 +6683,7 @@ instruct decodeNKlass_notNull_addBase_ExEx(iRegPdst dst, iRegNsrc src) %{
     immL baseImm %{ (jlong)((intptr_t)CompressedKlassPointers::base() >> CompressedKlassPointers::shift()) %}
     iRegLdst base;
     loadConL_Ex(base, baseImm);
-    decodeNKlass_notNull_addBase_Ex(dst, base, src);
+    decodeNKlass_notNull(dst, base, src);
   %}
 %}
 

From e487b0dd02c33078b94768ca0cb29ae3baabdd62 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gui Cao <gcao@openjdk.org>
Date: Sat, 18 Jul 2026 09:16:04 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 278/707] 8388075: RISC-V: Auto-enable Zvbc extension features

Reviewed-by: fyang, dzhang
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp          | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp
index a7f0da42f4e..bc312bfc52c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ define_pd_global(intx, InlineSmallCode,          1000);
           "Use Zihintpause instructions")                                        \
   product(bool, UseZtso, false, EXPERIMENTAL, "Assume Ztso memory model")        \
   product(bool, UseZvbb, false, DIAGNOSTIC, "Use Zvbb instructions")             \
-  product(bool, UseZvbc, false, EXPERIMENTAL, "Use Zvbc instructions")           \
+  product(bool, UseZvbc, false, DIAGNOSTIC, "Use Zvbc instructions")             \
   product(bool, UseZvfh, false, DIAGNOSTIC, "Use Zvfh instructions")             \
   product(bool, UseZvfhmin, false, DIAGNOSTIC, "Use Zvfhmin instructions")       \
   product(bool, UseZvkg, false, DIAGNOSTIC, "Use Zvkg instructions")             \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp
index bbefd4ba50d..24c65bd21e0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp
@@ -237,10 +237,10 @@ void RiscvHwprobe::add_features_from_query_result() {
   if (is_set(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_0, RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZTSO)) {
     VM_Version::ext_Ztso.enable_feature();
   }
+#endif
   if (is_set(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_0, RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVBC)) {
     VM_Version::ext_Zvbc.enable_feature();
   }
-#endif
   if (is_set(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_0, RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVBB)) {
     VM_Version::ext_Zvbb.enable_feature();
   }

From 2ac4a2db146be58fd8d82b6882af62013bb4a6b9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Arno Zeller <azeller@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 20 Jul 2026 01:39:07 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 279/707] 8386595: Two java/net/MulticastSocket tests fail on
 machines with no ipv6 address other than loopback

Reviewed-by: jpai
---
 test/jdk/java/net/MulticastSocket/NoLoopbackPackets.java | 4 ++--
 test/jdk/java/net/MulticastSocket/Test.java              | 4 ++--
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/MulticastSocket/NoLoopbackPackets.java b/test/jdk/java/net/MulticastSocket/NoLoopbackPackets.java
index 36b6f12413d..73fd505845a 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/MulticastSocket/NoLoopbackPackets.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/MulticastSocket/NoLoopbackPackets.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             }
 
             NetworkConfiguration nc = NetworkConfiguration.probe();
-            if (IPSupport.hasIPv6() && nc.hasTestableIPv6Address()) {
+            if (IPSupport.hasIPv6() && nc.ip6MulticastInterfaces().findAny().isPresent()) {
                 groups.add(new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName("::ffff:224.1.1.2"), port));
                 groups.add(new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName("ff02::1:1"), port));
             }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/MulticastSocket/Test.java b/test/jdk/java/net/MulticastSocket/Test.java
index 01dd82ece75..633a2a4e9a8 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/MulticastSocket/Test.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/MulticastSocket/Test.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ void allTests() throws IOException {
         doTest("224.80.80.80");
 
         // If IPv6 is enabled perform multicast tests with various scopes
-        if (nc.hasTestableIPv6Address()) {
+        if (nc.ip6MulticastInterfaces().findAny().isPresent()) {
             doTest("ff01::a");
         }
 

From b61ef6bd260fd1468573b4370587df5494ad8db0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jan Lahoda <jlahoda@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 20 Jul 2026 03:53:09 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 280/707] 8387977: The java manpage should describe the new
 main method variants

Co-authored-by: Alex Buckley <abuckley@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: dholmes, vromero, iris
---
 src/java.base/share/man/java.md | 57 +++++++++++++++++++--------------
 1 file changed, 33 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/man/java.md b/src/java.base/share/man/java.md
index 7f4c10c5a95..ace74d015c7 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/man/java.md
+++ b/src/java.base/share/man/java.md
@@ -90,30 +90,39 @@ To launch a source-file program:
 
 ## Description
 
-The `java` command starts a Java application. It does this by starting the Java
-Virtual Machine (JVM), loading the specified class, and calling that
-class's `main()` method. The method must be declared `public` and `static`, it
-must not return any value, and it must accept a `String` array as a parameter.
-The method declaration has the following form:
-
->   `public static void main(String[] args)`
-
-In source-file mode, the `java` command can launch a class declared in a source
-file. See [Using Source-File Mode to Launch Source-Code Programs]
-for a description of using the source-file mode.
-
-> **Note:** You can use the `JDK_JAVA_OPTIONS` launcher environment variable to prepend its
-content to the actual command line of the `java` launcher. See [Using the
-JDK\_JAVA\_OPTIONS Launcher Environment Variable].
-
-By default, the first argument that isn't an option of the `java` command is
-the fully qualified name of the class to be called. If `-jar` is specified,
-then its argument is the name of the JAR file containing class and resource
-files for the application. The startup class must be indicated by the
-`Main-Class` manifest header in its manifest file.
-
-Arguments after the class file name or the JAR file name are passed to the
-`main()` method.
+The `java` command launches a Java application. It does this by starting the Java
+Virtual Machine (JVM), loading the main class of the application, and calling
+that class's `main()` method.
+
+By default, the first argument that isn't an option of the `java` command indicates
+the fully qualified name of the main class. If `-jar` is specified, then its
+argument is the name of the JAR file containing class and resource files for the
+application, and the main class is indicated by the `Main-Class` attribute in
+the manifest of the JAR file.
+
+The `main()` method may be a static method or an instance method. It may
+declare a `String` array parameter for arguments passed to the `java`
+command after the main class name or the JAR file name; alternatively,
+it may declare no parameters. It must not return any value, and must
+have `public`, `protected`, or package access. The method declaration
+typically has one of the following forms:
+
+>    `public static void main(String[] args)`
+>
+>    `public static void main()`
+>
+>    `void main(String[] args)`
+>
+>    `void main()`
+
+In source-file mode, the `java` command can launch an application whose main class
+is provided as source code instead of a class file.
+See [Using Source-File Mode to Launch Source-Code Programs] for a description of
+using the source-file mode.
+
+> **Note:** You can use the `JDK_JAVA_OPTIONS` launcher environment variable to
+prepend its content to the actual command line of the java launcher.
+See [Using the JDK\_JAVA\_OPTIONS Launcher Environment Variable].
 
 ### `javaw`
 

From acdcbf84257d9f32324d0ba13a03f4a625b978d4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Guanqiang Han <ghan@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 20 Jul 2026 06:55:53 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 281/707] 8388312: ZGC: Diagnostic VM option
 `ZIndexDistributorStrategy` is not validated

Reviewed-by: aboldtch, ayang
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/z/z_globals.hpp | 5 +++--
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/z_globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/z_globals.hpp
index b1a4ae4c898..ceffd490ba0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/z_globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/z_globals.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -96,10 +96,11 @@
   product(uint, ZOldGCThreads, 0, DIAGNOSTIC,                               \
           "Number of GC threads for the old generation")                    \
                                                                             \
-  product(uintx, ZIndexDistributorStrategy, 0, DIAGNOSTIC,                  \
+  product(uint, ZIndexDistributorStrategy, 0, DIAGNOSTIC,                   \
           "Strategy used to distribute indices to parallel workers "        \
           "0: Claim tree "                                                  \
           "1: Simple Striped ")                                             \
+          range(0, 1)                                                       \
                                                                             \
   product(bool, ZVerifyRemembered, trueInDebug, DIAGNOSTIC,                 \
           "Verify remembered sets")                                         \

From 9b69184e56cef61b9f470a6ba3bd11057b8e74f8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jan Lahoda <jlahoda@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 20 Jul 2026 06:59:36 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 282/707] 8387377: Compilation is very slow when --module-path
 contains many Automatic Modules and ALL-MODULE-PATH is used

Reviewed-by: vromero
---
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Modules.java     | 25 ++++---
 .../tools/javac/modules/EdgeCases.java        | 69 ++++++++++++++++++-
 2 files changed, 79 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Modules.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Modules.java
index 5a1fe70dd9b..4b60fe5987f 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Modules.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Modules.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2009, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2009, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -1520,21 +1520,19 @@ private void completeModule(ModuleSymbol msym) {
         }
 
         Set<ModuleSymbol> readable = new LinkedHashSet<>();
-        Set<ModuleSymbol> requiresTransitive = new HashSet<>();
-
-        for (RequiresDirective d : msym.requires) {
-            d.module.complete();
-            readable.add(d.module);
-            Set<ModuleSymbol> s = retrieveRequiresTransitive(d.module);
-            Assert.checkNonNull(s, () -> "no entry in cache for " + d.module);
-            readable.addAll(s);
-            if (d.flags.contains(RequiresFlag.TRANSITIVE)) {
-                requiresTransitive.add(d.module);
-                requiresTransitive.addAll(s);
+
+        if ((msym.flags() & Flags.AUTOMATIC_MODULE) != 0) {
+            readable.addAll(allModules());
+            readable.remove(msym);
+            readable.forEach(Symbol::complete);
+        } else {
+            for (RequiresDirective d : msym.requires) {
+                d.module.complete();
+                readable.add(d.module);
+                readable.addAll(retrieveRequiresTransitive(d.module));
             }
         }
 
-        requiresTransitiveCache.put(msym, requiresTransitive);
         initVisiblePackages(msym, readable);
         for (ExportsDirective d: msym.exports) {
             if (d.packge != null) {
@@ -1576,6 +1574,7 @@ private Set<ModuleSymbol> retrieveRequiresTransitive(ModuleSymbol msym) {
             }
 
             requiresTransitive.remove(msym);
+            requiresTransitiveCache.putIfAbsent(msym, requiresTransitive);
         }
 
         return requiresTransitive;
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/modules/EdgeCases.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/modules/EdgeCases.java
index 187ff5ed277..4f5ca186f1b 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/modules/EdgeCases.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/modules/EdgeCases.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 8154283 8167320 8171098 8172809 8173068 8173117 8176045 8177311 8241519 8297988
+ * @bug 8154283 8167320 8171098 8172809 8173068 8173117 8176045 8177311 8241519 8297988 8387377
  * @summary tests for multi-module mode compilation
  * @library /tools/lib
  * @modules
@@ -37,7 +37,9 @@
  */
 
 import java.io.BufferedWriter;
+import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.Writer;
+import java.net.URI;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.FileSystems;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
@@ -60,9 +62,14 @@
 import javax.lang.model.element.TypeElement;
 import javax.lang.model.util.ElementFilter;
 import javax.lang.model.util.Elements;
+import javax.tools.ForwardingJavaFileManager;
 import javax.tools.JavaCompiler;
+import javax.tools.JavaCompiler.CompilationTask;
+import javax.tools.JavaFileManager;
 import javax.tools.JavaFileObject;
+import javax.tools.SimpleJavaFileObject;
 import javax.tools.StandardJavaFileManager;
+import javax.tools.StandardLocation;
 import javax.tools.ToolProvider;
 
 import com.sun.source.tree.CompilationUnitTree;
@@ -1243,4 +1250,62 @@ public void finished(TaskEvent e) {
                     });
                 };
         }
+
+    @Test //JDK-8387377
+    public void testLargeNumberOfAutomaticModules(Path base) throws Exception {
+        final int moduleCount = 1_000;
+        Path lib = base.resolve("lib");
+
+        tb.createDirectories(lib);
+
+        JavaCompiler compiler = ToolProvider.getSystemJavaCompiler();
+        try (StandardJavaFileManager fm = compiler.getStandardFileManager(null, null, null)) {
+            JavaFileManager generateAutomaticModules = new ForwardingJavaFileManager<JavaFileManager>(fm) {
+                @Override
+                public Iterable<Set<Location>> listLocationsForModules(Location location) throws IOException {
+                    if (location == StandardLocation.MODULE_PATH) {
+                        Set<Location> modules = new HashSet<>();
+                        for (int i = 0; i < moduleCount; i++) {
+                            modules.add(new AutomaticModuleLocation("m" + i));
+                        }
+                        return List.of(modules);
+                    }
+                    return super.listLocationsForModules(location);
+                }
+                @Override
+                public String inferModuleName(Location location) throws IOException {
+                    return location instanceof AutomaticModuleLocation aut
+                            ? aut.name
+                            : super.inferModuleName(location);
+                }
+                private class AutomaticModuleLocation implements Location {
+                    private final String name;
+                    public AutomaticModuleLocation(String name) {
+                        this.name = name;
+                    }
+                    @Override
+                    public String getName() {
+                        return name;
+                    }
+                    @Override
+                    public boolean isModuleOrientedLocation() {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    @Override
+                    public boolean isOutputLocation() {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                }
+            };
+            CompilationTask task =
+                    compiler.getTask(null,
+                                     generateAutomaticModules,
+                                     null,
+                                     List.of("--add-modules", "ALL-MODULE-PATH"),
+                                     null,
+                                     List.of(SimpleJavaFileObject.forSource(URI.create("mem://Test.java"),
+                                                                            "")));
+            task.call();
+        }
+    }
 }

From b0417f6ff0309eb9f1a277f89cae1b43bc2ffcb8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gui Cao <gcao@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 20 Jul 2026 08:33:44 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 283/707] 8388456: RISC-V: Add UseZvbb to RVA23U64Profile

Co-authored-by: Dingli Zhang <dzhang@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: fyang, wenanjian
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.hpp | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.hpp
index e5d925d1bea..ab048719ad2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.hpp
@@ -445,6 +445,7 @@ class VM_Version : public Abstract_VM_Version {
     RV_ENABLE_EXTENSION(UseZicond)                  \
     RV_ENABLE_EXTENSION(UseZihintpause)             \
     RV_ENABLE_EXTENSION(UseZvfhmin)                 \
+    RV_ENABLE_EXTENSION(UseZvbb)                    \
 
   static void useRVA23U64Profile();
 

From 78ee01b2a62c2e292f70bf2a63210fc815cd3dc9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jan Lahoda <jlahoda@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 20 Jul 2026 10:11:43 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 284/707] 8387965: Incorrect line numbers for instanceof with
 pattern matching

Reviewed-by: vromero
---
 .../sun/tools/javac/comp/TransPatterns.java   |  19 +-
 .../classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java  |  11 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/tree/JCTree.java      |   1 +
 .../LineNumberTable/LineNumberTestBase.java   |   3 +-
 .../LineNumberTable/PatternMatching.java      | 341 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../attributes/LineNumberTable/TestCase.java  |  11 +-
 6 files changed, 374 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/attributes/LineNumberTable/PatternMatching.java

diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/TransPatterns.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/TransPatterns.java
index 29a9bf3c8cb..8ea78a8cc78 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/TransPatterns.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/TransPatterns.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -258,12 +258,14 @@ public void visitTypeTest(JCInstanceOf tree) {
                     extraConditions = translate(extraConditions);
                     resultExpression = makeBinary(Tag.AND, resultExpression, extraConditions);
                 }
-                if (currentValue != exprSym) {
-                    resultExpression =
-                            make.at(tree.pos).LetExpr(make.VarDef(currentValue, translatedExpr),
-                                                      resultExpression).setType(syms.booleanType);
-                    ((LetExpr) resultExpression).needsCond = true;
-                }
+                List<JCStatement> tempVars = currentValue != exprSym
+                        ? List.of(make.VarDef(currentValue, translatedExpr))
+                        : List.nil();
+                resultExpression =
+                        make.at(tree.pos).LetExpr(tempVars,
+                                                  resultExpression).setType(syms.booleanType);
+                ((LetExpr) resultExpression).needsCond = true;
+                ((LetExpr) resultExpression).needsLineNumberTableEntry = true;
                 result = bindingContext.decorateExpression(resultExpression);
             } finally {
                 currentValue = prevCurrentValue;
@@ -1555,7 +1557,8 @@ JCExpression decorateExpression(JCExpression expr) {
             //=>
             //(let T N; (let T' N$temp = E; N$temp instanceof T && (N = (T) N$temp == (T) N$temp)) && /*use of N*/)
             for (VarSymbol vsym : hoistedVarMap.values()) {
-                expr = make.at(expr.pos).LetExpr(makeHoistedVarDecl(expr.pos, vsym), expr).setType(expr.type);
+                int pos = TreeInfo.getStartPos(expr);
+                expr = make.at(pos).LetExpr(makeHoistedVarDecl(pos, vsym), expr).setType(expr.type);
             }
             return expr;
         }
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java
index 688ea1bd720..0b111e07c75 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -741,6 +741,11 @@ public CondItem genCond(JCTree _tree, boolean markBranches) {
             code.resolvePending();
 
             LetExpr tree = (LetExpr) inner_tree;
+
+            if (tree.needsLineNumberTableEntry) {
+                code.statBegin(tree.pos);
+            }
+
             int limit = code.nextreg;
             int prevLetExprStart = code.setLetExprStackPos(code.state.stacksize);
             try {
@@ -2435,6 +2440,10 @@ public void visitLiteral(JCLiteral tree) {
     public void visitLetExpr(LetExpr tree) {
         code.resolvePending();
 
+        if (tree.needsLineNumberTableEntry) {
+            code.statBegin(tree.pos);
+        }
+
         int limit = code.nextreg;
         int prevLetExprStart = code.setLetExprStackPos(code.state.stacksize);
         try {
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/tree/JCTree.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/tree/JCTree.java
index f0a8b6034df..717f95390fc 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/tree/JCTree.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/tree/JCTree.java
@@ -3448,6 +3448,7 @@ public static class LetExpr extends JCExpression {
         public JCExpression expr;
         /**true if a expr should be run through Gen.genCond:*/
         public boolean needsCond;
+        public boolean needsLineNumberTableEntry;
         protected LetExpr(List<JCStatement> defs, JCExpression expr) {
             this.defs = defs;
             this.expr = expr;
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/attributes/LineNumberTable/LineNumberTestBase.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/attributes/LineNumberTable/LineNumberTestBase.java
index 32ec2e07f73..bcd032857e5 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/attributes/LineNumberTable/LineNumberTestBase.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/attributes/LineNumberTable/LineNumberTestBase.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ protected void test(List<TestCase> testCases) throws Exception {
 
                         if (expected != null) {
                             verifyCoveredLines(methodCoveredLines, expected);
+                            expected.validator().accept(classFile, m);
                         }
 
                         coveredLines.addAll(methodCoveredLines);
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/attributes/LineNumberTable/PatternMatching.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/attributes/LineNumberTable/PatternMatching.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..66dd3c7ee27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/attributes/LineNumberTable/PatternMatching.java
@@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8387965
+ * @summary Tests a line number table attribute for pattern matching
+ * @library /tools/lib /tools/javac/lib ../lib
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.api
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.main
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.classfile.impl
+ * @build toolbox.ToolBox InMemoryFileManager TestBase
+ * @build LineNumberTestBase TestCase
+ * @run main PatternMatching
+ */
+
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassModel;
+import java.lang.classfile.CodeElement;
+import java.lang.classfile.CodeModel;
+import java.lang.classfile.Instruction;
+import java.lang.classfile.MethodModel;
+import java.lang.classfile.instruction.LineNumber;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.function.BiConsumer;
+
+import toolbox.ToolBox;
+
+public class PatternMatching extends LineNumberTestBase {
+    static ToolBox tb = new ToolBox();
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        new PatternMatching().test();
+    }
+
+    public void test() throws Exception {
+        test(List.of(TEST_CASE));
+    }
+
+    private static final TestCase[] TEST_CASE = new TestCase[] {
+        new TestCase("""
+                     public class PatternMatching {                        // 1
+                         private void test(String s) {                     // 2
+                             Object obj = "abc";                           // 3
+                             boolean isLong = obj instanceof String str    // 4
+                                &&                                         // 5
+                                true;                                      // 6
+                         }                                                 // 7
+                     }                                                     // 8
+                     """,
+                     "PatternMatching",
+                     new TestCase.MethodData("test", List.of(3, 4, 7), true, new DetailedValidator(
+                         "line: 3",
+                         "LDC",
+                         "ASTORE_2",
+                         "line: 4",
+                         "ALOAD_2",
+                         "INSTANCEOF",
+                         "IFEQ",
+                         "ALOAD_2",
+                         "CHECKCAST",
+                         "ASTORE",
+                         "ICONST_1",
+                         "GOTO",
+                         "ICONST_0",
+                         "ISTORE_3",
+                         "line: 7",
+                         "RETURN"))),
+        new TestCase("""
+                     public class PatternMatching {                        // 1
+                         private void test(String s) {                     // 2
+                             Object obj = "abc";                           // 3
+                             boolean isLong = true                         // 4
+                                &&                                         // 5
+                                obj instanceof String str2;                // 6
+                         }                                                 // 7
+                     }                                                     // 8
+                     """,
+                     "PatternMatching",
+                     new TestCase.MethodData("test", List.of(3, 6, 7), true, new DetailedValidator(
+                         "line: 3",
+                         "LDC",
+                         "ASTORE_2",
+                         "line: 6",
+                         "ALOAD_2",
+                         "INSTANCEOF",
+                         "IFEQ",
+                         "ALOAD_2",
+                         "CHECKCAST",
+                         "ASTORE",
+                         "ICONST_1",
+                         "GOTO",
+                         "ICONST_0",
+                         "ISTORE_3",
+                         "line: 7",
+                         "RETURN"
+                     ))),
+        new TestCase("""
+                     public class PatternMatching {                        // 1
+                         private void test(String s) {                     // 2
+                             Object obj = "abc";                           // 3
+                             boolean isLong = obj instanceof String str1   // 4
+                                &&                                         // 5
+                                obj instanceof String str2;                // 6
+                         }                                                 // 7
+                     }                                                     // 8
+                     """,
+                     "PatternMatching",
+                     new TestCase.MethodData("test", List.of(3, 4, 6, 7), true, new DetailedValidator(
+                         "line: 3",
+                         "LDC",
+                         "ASTORE_2",
+                         "line: 4",
+                         "ALOAD_2",
+                         "INSTANCEOF",
+                         "IFEQ",
+                         "ALOAD_2",
+                         "CHECKCAST",
+                         "ASTORE",
+                         "line: 6",
+                         "ALOAD_2",
+                         "INSTANCEOF",
+                         "IFEQ",
+                         "ALOAD_2",
+                         "CHECKCAST",
+                         "ASTORE",
+                         "ICONST_1",
+                         "GOTO",
+                         "ICONST_0",
+                         "ISTORE_3",
+                         "line: 7",
+                         "RETURN"
+                     ))),
+        new TestCase("""
+                     public class PatternMatching {                        // 1
+                         private void test(String s) {                     // 2
+                             Object obj = "abc";                           // 3
+                             boolean isLong = obj instanceof String str    // 4
+                                &&                                         // 5
+                                check();                                   // 6
+                         }                                                 // 7
+                         private boolean check() { return true; }          // 8
+                     }                                                     // 9
+                     """,
+                     "PatternMatching",
+                     new TestCase.MethodData("test", List.of(3, 4, 6, 7), true, new DetailedValidator(
+                         "line: 3",
+                         "LDC",
+                         "ASTORE_2",
+                         "line: 4",
+                         "ALOAD_2",
+                         "INSTANCEOF",
+                         "IFEQ",
+                         "ALOAD_2",
+                         "CHECKCAST",
+                         "ASTORE",
+                         "ALOAD_0",
+                         "line: 6",
+                         "INVOKEVIRTUAL",
+                         "IFEQ",
+                         "ICONST_1",
+                         "GOTO",
+                         "ICONST_0",
+                         "ISTORE_3",
+                         "line: 7",
+                         "RETURN"))),
+        new TestCase("""
+                     public class PatternMatching {                        // 1
+                         private void test(String s) {                     // 2
+                             Object obj = "abc";                           // 3
+                             boolean isLong = check()                      // 4
+                                &&                                         // 5
+                                obj instanceof String str2;                // 6
+                         }                                                 // 7
+                         private boolean check() { return true; }          // 8
+                     }                                                     // 9
+                     """,
+                     "PatternMatching",
+                     new TestCase.MethodData("test", List.of(3, 4, 6, 7), true, new DetailedValidator(
+                        "line: 3",
+                        "LDC",
+                        "ASTORE_2",
+                        "line: 4",
+                        "ALOAD_0",
+                        "INVOKEVIRTUAL",
+                        "IFEQ",
+                        "line: 6",
+                        "ALOAD_2",
+                        "INSTANCEOF",
+                        "IFEQ",
+                        "ALOAD_2",
+                        "CHECKCAST",
+                        "ASTORE",
+                        "ICONST_1",
+                        "GOTO",
+                        "ICONST_0",
+                        "ISTORE_3",
+                        "line: 7",
+                         "RETURN"
+                     ))),
+        new TestCase("""
+                     public class PatternMatching {                        // 1
+                         private void test(String s) {                     // 2
+                             boolean isLong = obj() instanceof String str  // 3
+                                &&                                         // 4
+                                true;                                      // 5
+                         }                                                 // 6
+                         private Object obj() { return "abc"; }            // 7
+                     }                                                     // 8
+                     """,
+                     "PatternMatching",
+                     new TestCase.MethodData("test", List.of(3, 6), true, new DetailedValidator(
+                         "line: 3",
+                         "ALOAD_0",
+                         "INVOKEVIRTUAL",
+                         "ASTORE",
+                         "ALOAD",
+                         "INSTANCEOF",
+                         "IFEQ",
+                         "ALOAD",
+                         "CHECKCAST",
+                         "ASTORE_3",
+                         "ICONST_1",
+                         "GOTO",
+                         "ICONST_0",
+                         "ISTORE_2",
+                         "line: 6",
+                         "RETURN"))),
+        new TestCase("""
+                     public class PatternMatching {                        // 1
+                         private void test(String s) {                     // 2
+                             boolean isLong = true                         // 3
+                                &&                                         // 4
+                                obj() instanceof String str;               // 5
+                         }                                                 // 6
+                         private Object obj() { return "abc"; }            // 7
+                     }                                                     // 8
+                     """,
+                     "PatternMatching",
+                     new TestCase.MethodData("test", List.of(5, 6), true, new DetailedValidator(
+                         "line: 5",
+                         "ALOAD_0",
+                         "INVOKEVIRTUAL",
+                         "ASTORE",
+                         "ALOAD",
+                         "INSTANCEOF",
+                         "IFEQ",
+                         "ALOAD",
+                         "CHECKCAST",
+                         "ASTORE_3",
+                         "ICONST_1",
+                         "GOTO",
+                         "ICONST_0",
+                         "ISTORE_2",
+                         "line: 6",
+                         "RETURN"))),
+        new TestCase("""
+                     public class PatternMatching {                        // 1
+                         private void test(String s) {                     // 2
+                             boolean isLong = obj() instanceof String str1 // 3
+                                &&                                         // 4
+                                obj() instanceof String str2;              // 5
+                         }                                                 // 6
+                         private Object obj() { return "abc"; }            // 7
+                     }                                                     // 8
+                     """,
+                     "PatternMatching",
+                     new TestCase.MethodData("test", List.of(3, 5, 6), true, new DetailedValidator(
+                            "line: 3",
+                            "ALOAD_0",
+                            "INVOKEVIRTUAL",
+                            "ASTORE",
+                            "ALOAD",
+                            "INSTANCEOF",
+                            "IFEQ",
+                            "ALOAD",
+                            "CHECKCAST",
+                            "ASTORE",
+                            "line: 5",
+                            "ALOAD_0",
+                            "INVOKEVIRTUAL",
+                            "ASTORE",
+                            "ALOAD",
+                            "INSTANCEOF",
+                            "IFEQ",
+                            "ALOAD",
+                            "CHECKCAST",
+                            "ASTORE_3",
+                            "ICONST_1",
+                            "GOTO",
+                            "ICONST_0",
+                            "ISTORE_2",
+                            "line: 6",
+                            "RETURN"))),
+    };
+
+    private static final class DetailedValidator implements BiConsumer<ClassModel, MethodModel> {
+
+        private final List<String> expectedMethodContent;
+
+        public DetailedValidator(String... expectedMethodContent) {
+            this.expectedMethodContent = List.of(expectedMethodContent);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void accept(ClassModel classFile, MethodModel m) {
+            CodeModel code = (CodeModel) m.code().get();
+            List<String> methodContent = new ArrayList<>();
+            for (CodeElement el : code) {
+                switch (el) {
+                    case Instruction instr -> methodContent.add(instr.opcode().name());
+                    case LineNumber ln -> methodContent.add("line: " + ln.line());
+                    case CodeElement _ -> {}
+                }
+            }
+            methodContent.forEach(System.err::println);
+            tb.checkEqual(expectedMethodContent, methodContent);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/attributes/LineNumberTable/TestCase.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/attributes/LineNumberTable/TestCase.java
index 94d33c1cf8c..0bb4303f517 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/attributes/LineNumberTable/TestCase.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/attributes/LineNumberTable/TestCase.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -21,10 +21,13 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassModel;
+import java.lang.classfile.MethodModel;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.function.BiConsumer;
 
 /**
  * TestCase contains source code to be compiled
@@ -74,7 +77,11 @@ public MethodData findData(String methodName) {
         return null;
     }
 
-    record MethodData(String methodName, Collection<Integer> expectedLines, boolean exactLines) {
+    record MethodData(String methodName, Collection<Integer> expectedLines, boolean exactLines, BiConsumer<ClassModel, MethodModel> validator) {
+
+        public MethodData(String methodName, Collection<Integer> expectedLines, boolean exactLines) {
+            this(methodName, expectedLines, exactLines, (_, _) -> {});
+        }
 
         public MethodData {
             expectedLines = new HashSet<>(expectedLines);

From 1f064af63e462275f1223414164f418b0f83fbdc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Andreas Chmielewski <achmielewski@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 20 Jul 2026 11:58:02 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 285/707] 8387874: Timeout when running test
 BulkCipherDisabledAlgorithms

Reviewed-by: abarashev, mullan
---
 .../BulkCipherDisabledAlgorithms.java         | 161 ++++++++----------
 .../BulkCipherDecomposition.java              | 109 ++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 179 insertions(+), 91 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/sun/security/ssl/SSLAlgorithmDecomposer/BulkCipherDecomposition.java

diff --git a/test/jdk/javax/net/ssl/ciphersuites/BulkCipherDisabledAlgorithms.java b/test/jdk/javax/net/ssl/ciphersuites/BulkCipherDisabledAlgorithms.java
index 11f3efb1518..8cf14a38af1 100644
--- a/test/jdk/javax/net/ssl/ciphersuites/BulkCipherDisabledAlgorithms.java
+++ b/test/jdk/javax/net/ssl/ciphersuites/BulkCipherDisabledAlgorithms.java
@@ -24,56 +24,56 @@
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8387124
- * @summary Test TLS cipher suite disabling via jdk.tls.disabledAlgorithms,
- *          including matching on bulk cipher components, covering both
- *          visibility and handshake behavior.
+ * @summary Verify that disabling bulk cipher algorithms in
+ *          jdk.tls.disabledAlgorithms disables associated TLS cipher suites.
  * @library /test/lib
  *          /javax/net/ssl/TLSCommon
  *          /javax/net/ssl/templates
- * @run main/othervm BulkCipherDisabledAlgorithms visibility
- * @run main/othervm BulkCipherDisabledAlgorithms handshake
  */
 
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
 
-import javax.net.ssl.*;
+import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
+import javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException;
+import javax.net.ssl.SSLEngine;
+import javax.net.ssl.SSLServerSocket;
+import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;
 
 import jdk.test.lib.process.Proc;
 
-import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
-import java.security.Security;
-
+/*
+ * Each test case is executed in a separate JVM because
+ * jdk.tls.disabledAlgorithms is evaluated during JSSE initialization and
+ * cannot be reliably reconfigured within the same VM.
+ */
 public class BulkCipherDisabledAlgorithms {
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         if (args.length == 0) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("Missing mode argument");
-        }
-
-        String mode = args[0];
-        boolean isVisibilityTest = "visibility".equals(mode);
-        boolean isHandshakeTest = "handshake".equals(mode);
+            // Sanity check: all enabled cipher suites should work before
+            // applying any jdk.tls.disabledAlgorithms restrictions.
+            testAllCipherSuitesEnabled();
 
-        if (args.length == 1) {
-            List<String[]> tests = buildTests(isVisibilityTest);
+            // Verify that disabling a bulk cipher algorithm disables cipher
+            // suites that use that algorithm.
+            Map<String, List<String>> cipherSuitesByBulkCipher = groupCipherSuitesByBulkCipher();
 
-            for (String[] test : tests) {
-                String suite = test[0];
-                String disabled = test[1];
-                String expected = test[2];
-
-                System.out.println("=================================================");
-                System.out.println("Testing: " + mode +
-                        ", suite=" + suite +
-                        ", disabled=" + disabled +
-                        ", expected=" + expected);
+            for (Map.Entry<String, List<String>> entry : cipherSuitesByBulkCipher.entrySet()) {
+                String disabledBulkCipher = entry.getKey();
+                List<String> disabledCipherSuites = entry.getValue();
 
+                // Verify that all cipher suites associated with the disabled
+                // bulk cipher become unavailable.
                 Proc p = Proc.create(
                         BulkCipherDisabledAlgorithms.class.getName())
-                        .args(mode, suite, expected)
-                        .secprop("jdk.tls.disabledAlgorithms", disabled)
+                        .args(disabledBulkCipher,
+                                String.join(",", disabledCipherSuites))
+                        .secprop("jdk.tls.disabledAlgorithms", disabledBulkCipher)
                         .inheritIO();
 
                 p.start().waitFor(0);
@@ -83,71 +83,54 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             return;
         }
 
-        String suite = args[1];
-        String expected = args[2];
-        boolean expectedDisabled = "disabled".equals(expected);
+        String disabledBulkCipher = args[0];
+        List<String> disabledCipherSuites = Arrays.asList(args[1].split(","));
+
+        for (String disabledCipherSuite : disabledCipherSuites) {
+            System.out.println("=================================================");
+            System.out.println("Testing: suite=" + disabledCipherSuite +
+                    ", disabled bulk cipher=" + disabledBulkCipher);
 
-        if (isVisibilityTest) {
-            testCipherSuiteVisibility(suite, expectedDisabled);
+            testCipherSuiteDisabled(disabledCipherSuite);
+            testHandshake(disabledCipherSuite, true);
         }
+    }
+
+    private static void testAllCipherSuitesEnabled() throws Exception {
+        CipherSuite[] suites = getCipherSuites();
 
-        if (isHandshakeTest) {
-            testHandshake(suite, expectedDisabled);
+        for (CipherSuite suite : suites) {
+            testHandshake(suite.name(), false);
         }
     }
 
-    // Returns cipher suites for testing.
-    // - true: use all supported suites (independent of disabledAlgorithms)
-    // - false: use default enabled suites (candidates for handshake)
-    private static CipherSuite[] getCipherSuites(boolean useSupportedSuites)
-            throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
+    private static CipherSuite[] getCipherSuites() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
         SSLEngine engine = SSLContext.getDefault().createSSLEngine();
-        String[] suites = useSupportedSuites
-                ? engine.getSupportedCipherSuites()
-                : engine.getEnabledCipherSuites();
-
+        String[] suites = engine.getEnabledCipherSuites();
         return Arrays.stream(suites)
                 .map(CipherSuite::cipherSuite)
                 .filter(cs -> cs != CipherSuite.TLS_EMPTY_RENEGOTIATION_INFO_SCSV)
                 .toArray(CipherSuite[]::new);
     }
 
-    private static List<String[]> buildTests(boolean useSupportedSuites)
-            throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
-        if (useSupportedSuites) {
-            // disabledAlgorithms limits supported suites; clear to list all
-            Security.setProperty("jdk.tls.disabledAlgorithms", "");
-        }
-
-        List<String[]> tests = new ArrayList<>();
-        CipherSuite[] suites = getCipherSuites(useSupportedSuites);
+    private static Map<String, List<String>> groupCipherSuitesByBulkCipher() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
+        Map<String, List<String>> cipherSuitesByBulkCipher = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        CipherSuite[] suites = getCipherSuites();
 
         for (CipherSuite suite : suites) {
             String suiteName = suite.name();
-            String bulk = extractBulkCipher(suiteName);
-
-            tests.add(new String[] { suiteName, suiteName, "disabled" });
-            tests.add(new String[] { suiteName, bulk, "disabled" });
-
-            for (CipherSuite other : suites) {
-                // Negative test case: disable a different bulk cipher than the one
-                // used by the current suite. This ensures that the suite remains
-                // enabled and a successful TLS handshake can still be negotiated.
-                if (other == suite) {
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                String otherBulk = extractBulkCipher(other.name());
-
-                if (!bulk.equals(otherBulk)
-                        && !suiteName.contains(otherBulk)) {
-                    tests.add(new String[] { suiteName, otherBulk, "enabled" });
-                    break;
-                }
+            String bulkCipher = extractBulkCipher(suiteName);
+            List<String> suitesForBulk = cipherSuitesByBulkCipher.get(bulkCipher);
+
+            if (suitesForBulk == null) {
+                suitesForBulk = new ArrayList<>();
+                cipherSuitesByBulkCipher.put(bulkCipher, suitesForBulk);
             }
+
+            suitesForBulk.add(suiteName);
         }
 
-        return tests;
+        return cipherSuitesByBulkCipher;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -168,51 +151,47 @@ private static String extractBulkCipher(String suite) {
         }
     }
 
-    private static void testCipherSuiteVisibility(String suite, boolean expectedDisabled)
-            throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
-        boolean visible = Arrays.asList(getCipherSuites(true))
+    private static void testCipherSuiteDisabled(String suite) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
+        boolean visible = Arrays.asList(getCipherSuites())
                 .contains(CipherSuite.cipherSuite(suite));
 
-        if (!expectedDisabled && !visible) {
-            throw new RuntimeException(
-                    "Cipher suite '" + suite + "' not visible but expected to be enabled");
-        } else if (expectedDisabled && visible) {
+        if (visible) {
             throw new RuntimeException(
                     "Cipher suite '" + suite + "' visible but expected to be disabled");
         }
     }
 
-    private static void testHandshake(String suite, boolean expectedDisabled) throws Exception {
+    private static void testHandshake(String cipherSuite, boolean expectedDisabled) throws Exception {
         try {
-            new TLSHandshakeTest(suite).run();
+            new TLSHandshakeTest(cipherSuite).run();
 
             if (expectedDisabled) {
                 throw new RuntimeException(
-                        "Handshake succeeded but should fail: " + suite);
+                        "Handshake succeeded but should fail: " + cipherSuite);
             }
         } catch (SSLHandshakeException e) {
             if (!expectedDisabled) {
                 throw new RuntimeException(
-                        "Handshake failed unexpectedly: " + suite, e);
+                        "Handshake failed unexpectedly: " + cipherSuite, e);
             }
         }
     }
 
     private static class TLSHandshakeTest extends SSLSocketTemplate {
-        private final String suite;
+        private final String cipherSuite;
 
-        TLSHandshakeTest(String suite) {
-            this.suite = suite;
+        TLSHandshakeTest(String cipherSuite) {
+            this.cipherSuite = cipherSuite;
         }
 
         @Override
         protected void configureClientSocket(SSLSocket socket) {
-            socket.setEnabledCipherSuites(new String[] { suite });
+            socket.setEnabledCipherSuites(new String[] { cipherSuite });
         }
 
         @Override
         protected void configureServerSocket(SSLServerSocket socket) {
-            socket.setEnabledCipherSuites(new String[] { suite });
+            socket.setEnabledCipherSuites(new String[] { cipherSuite });
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/security/ssl/SSLAlgorithmDecomposer/BulkCipherDecomposition.java b/test/jdk/sun/security/ssl/SSLAlgorithmDecomposer/BulkCipherDecomposition.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cb0bb9ecc3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/security/ssl/SSLAlgorithmDecomposer/BulkCipherDecomposition.java
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8387124
+ * @summary Verify SSLAlgorithmDecomposer bulk cipher decomposition
+ * @library /javax/net/ssl/TLSCommon
+ * @run main/othervm
+ *      --add-opens java.base/sun.security.ssl=ALL-UNNAMED
+ *      BulkCipherDecomposition
+ */
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+import java.security.Security;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Set;
+import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
+import javax.net.ssl.SSLEngine;
+
+public class BulkCipherDecomposition {
+
+    private static void testDecomposition(Object instance, Method decomposeMethod, String suite)
+            throws Exception {
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        Set<String> result = (Set<String>) decomposeMethod.invoke(instance, suite);
+
+        String expectedBulk = extractBulkCipher(suite);
+
+        System.out.println("=================================================");
+        System.out.println("Testing suite   : " + suite);
+        System.out.println("Expected bulk   : " + expectedBulk);
+        System.out.println("Decomposition   : " + result);
+
+        if (!result.contains(expectedBulk)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(
+                    "Missing bulk cipher decomposition\n" +
+                            "Suite: " + suite + "\n" +
+                            "Expected: " + expectedBulk + "\n" +
+                            "Actual: " + result);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Separator used in TLS cipher suite names to mark the start of
+     * the bulk cipher component (e.g. TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA).
+     */
+    private static final String WITH = "_WITH_";
+
+    private static String extractBulkCipher(String suite) {
+        if (suite.contains(WITH)) {
+            String after = suite.substring(suite.indexOf(WITH) + WITH.length());
+            int last = after.lastIndexOf('_');
+            return after.substring(0, last);
+        } else {
+            int first = suite.indexOf('_');
+            int last = suite.lastIndexOf('_');
+            return suite.substring(first + 1, last);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String[] getCipherSuites() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
+        SSLEngine engine = SSLContext.getDefault().createSSLEngine();
+        return Arrays.stream(engine.getSupportedCipherSuites())
+                .map(CipherSuite::cipherSuite)
+                .filter(cs -> cs != CipherSuite.TLS_EMPTY_RENEGOTIATION_INFO_SCSV)
+                .map(CipherSuite::name)
+                .toArray(String[]::new);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        // disabledAlgorithms limits supported suites; clear to list all
+        Security.setProperty("jdk.tls.disabledAlgorithms", "");
+
+        Class<?> c = Class.forName("sun.security.ssl.SSLAlgorithmDecomposer");
+        var ctor = c.getDeclaredConstructor();
+        ctor.setAccessible(true);
+        Object instance = ctor.newInstance();
+        Method decomposeMethod = c.getDeclaredMethod("decompose", String.class);
+        decomposeMethod.setAccessible(true);
+
+        for (String suite : getCipherSuites()) {
+            testDecomposition(instance, decomposeMethod, suite);
+        }
+
+        System.out.println("PASS");
+    }
+}

From 857df83728c098fdf057ecef2f60e0f295bae352 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Amit Kumar <amitkumar@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 20 Jul 2026 12:20:09 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 286/707] 8388439: [s390x] LoadNKlass rule doesn't kill CC

Reviewed-by: aph, stuefe
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c2_MacroAssembler_s390.cpp | 6 ++++--
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad                    | 8 +++-----
 2 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c2_MacroAssembler_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c2_MacroAssembler_s390.cpp
index 957c89af3fc..3bf9ab8dd82 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c2_MacroAssembler_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c2_MacroAssembler_s390.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2017, 2024 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -42,10 +42,12 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_unlock(Register obj, Register box, Register temp1,
 }
 
 void C2_MacroAssembler::load_narrow_klass_compact_c2(Register dst, Address src) {
+  BLOCK_COMMENT("load_narrow_klass_compact_c2 {");
   // The incoming address is pointing into obj-start + klass_offset_in_bytes. We need to extract
   // obj-start, so that we can load from the object's mark-word instead.
   z_lg(dst, src.plus_disp(-oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()));
-  z_srlg(dst, dst, markWord::klass_shift); // TODO: could be z_sra
+  z_srlg(dst, dst, markWord::klass_shift);
+  BLOCK_COMMENT("} load_narrow_klass_compact_c2");
 }
 
 //------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
index 5f33cf4fa77..3d4abea7529 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
@@ -4816,17 +4816,15 @@ instruct loadNKlass(iRegN dst, memory mem) %{
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_dummy);
 %}
 
-instruct loadNKlassCompactHeaders(iRegN dst, memory mem, flagsReg cr) %{
+instruct loadNKlassCompactHeaders(iRegN dst, memory mem) %{
   match(Set dst (LoadNKlass mem));
   predicate(UseCompactObjectHeaders);
-  effect(KILL cr);
   ins_cost(MEMORY_REF_COST);
   format %{ "load_narrow_klass_compact $dst,$mem \t# compressed class ptr" %}
-  // TODO: size()
+  // z_lg (6 bytes) + z_srlg (6 bytes); neither instruction modifies the CC.
+  size(12);
   ins_encode %{
-    __ block_comment("load_narrow_klass_compact_c2 {");
     __ load_narrow_klass_compact_c2($dst$$Register, $mem$$Address);
-    __ block_comment("} load_narrow_klass_compact");
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_dummy);
 %}

From 87c18072727a9398f1ff1b55eea83be6c07b19bd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Andrew Dinn <adinn@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 20 Jul 2026 12:40:08 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 287/707] 8388381: appcds/aotClassLinking/AddReads.java fails
 with assert(stub_id != StubId::NO_STUBID) failed: blob continuation_blob
 (stub gen) contains no stubs! when run with -XX:-VMContinuations

Reviewed-by: kvn, iklam
---
 src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp    | 1 +
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/stubRoutines.cpp | 4 ++++
 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp
index c65b9cb23d1..88f65013938 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp
@@ -302,6 +302,7 @@ class AOTStubData : public StackObj {
   do_var(bool,  UseSHA512Intrinsics) \
   do_var(bool,  UseIntPolyIntrinsics) \
   do_var(bool,  UseVectorizedMismatchIntrinsic) \
+  do_var(bool,  VMContinuations) \
   do_fun(int,   CompressedKlassPointers_shift,          CompressedKlassPointers::shift()) \
   do_fun(bool,  JavaAssertions_systemClassDefault,      JavaAssertions::systemClassDefault()) \
   do_fun(bool,  JavaAssertions_userClassDefault,        JavaAssertions::userClassDefault()) \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stubRoutines.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stubRoutines.cpp
index f5509b9d996..db513a3771e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stubRoutines.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stubRoutines.cpp
@@ -167,6 +167,10 @@ static BufferBlob* initialize_stubs(BlobId blob_id,
                                     const char* buffer_name,
                                     const char* assert_msg) {
   assert(StubInfo::is_stubgen(blob_id), "not a stubgen blob %s", StubInfo::name(blob_id));
+  if (blob_id == BlobId::stubgen_continuation_id && !VMContinuations) {
+      log_info(stubs)("%s\t not generated:\t VMContinuations is disabled", buffer_name);
+    return nullptr;
+  }
   ResourceMark rm;
   TraceTime timer(timer_msg, TRACETIME_LOG(Info, startuptime));
   // If we are loading stubs we need to check if we can retrieve a

From 36232460477fc608af9292889f90be20816144f0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Maurizio Cimadamore <mcimadamore@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 20 Jul 2026 13:00:13 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 288/707] 8383563: Record pattern inference fails when inferred
 type arguments are same as formals

Reviewed-by: vromero, jlahoda
---
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Infer.java        | 18 ++++++++++++------
 .../GenericRecordDeconstructionPattern.java    | 16 +++++++++++++++-
 2 files changed, 27 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Infer.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Infer.java
index 6021dbd7057..65e555209dc 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Infer.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Infer.java
@@ -683,7 +683,13 @@ public Type instantiatePatternType(Type expressionType, TypeSymbol patternTypeSy
 
         //step 1:
         List<Type> expressionTypes = List.nil();
-        List<Type> params = patternTypeSymbol.type.allparams();
+
+        // replace tvars in generic pattern type P<A1, ... An> with
+        // fresh tvars A1', ..., An' so that occurrences of A1, ..., An
+        // in the expression type are not confused with inference tvars
+        List<Type> declaredParams = patternTypeSymbol.type.allparams();
+        List<Type> params = types.newInstances(declaredParams);
+        Type patternType = types.subst(patternTypeSymbol.type, declaredParams, params);
         List<Type> capturedWildcards = List.nil();
         List<Type> todo = List.of(expressionType);
         while (todo.nonEmpty()) {
@@ -713,8 +719,8 @@ public Type instantiatePatternType(Type expressionType, TypeSymbol patternTypeSy
         }
         //add synthetic captured ivars
         InferenceContext c = new InferenceContext(this, params);
-        Type patternType = c.asUndetVar(patternTypeSymbol.type);
-        List<Type> exprTypes = expressionTypes.map(t -> c.asUndetVar(t));
+        Type undetPatternType = c.asUndetVar(patternType);
+        List<Type> exprTypes = expressionTypes.map(c::asUndetVar);
 
         capturedWildcards.forEach(s -> ((UndetVar) c.asUndetVar(s)).setNormal());
 
@@ -723,9 +729,9 @@ public Type instantiatePatternType(Type expressionType, TypeSymbol patternTypeSy
             for (Type exprType : exprTypes) {
                 if (exprType.isParameterized()) {
                     Type patternAsExpression =
-                            types.asSuper(patternType, exprType.tsym);
+                            types.asSuper(undetPatternType, exprType.tsym);
                     if (patternAsExpression == null ||
-                        !types.isSameType(patternAsExpression, exprType)) {
+                            !types.isSameType(patternAsExpression, exprType)) {
                         return null;
                     }
                 }
@@ -736,7 +742,7 @@ public Type instantiatePatternType(Type expressionType, TypeSymbol patternTypeSy
             //step 3:
             List<Type> freshVars = instantiatePatternVars(params, c);
 
-            Type substituted = c.asInstType(patternTypeSymbol.type);
+            Type substituted = c.asInstType(patternType);
 
             //step 4:
             return types.upward(substituted, freshVars);
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/patterns/GenericRecordDeconstructionPattern.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/patterns/GenericRecordDeconstructionPattern.java
index d87c025a7d6..36de187906b 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/patterns/GenericRecordDeconstructionPattern.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/patterns/GenericRecordDeconstructionPattern.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -48,6 +48,8 @@ void run() {
         testInference3();
         assertEquals(1, runIfSuperBound(new Box<>(new StringBuilder())));
         assertEquals(1, runIfSuperBound(new Box<>(0)));
+        assertEquals(1, new PairBox<String, Integer>("", 0)
+                .selfSuperInference(new PairBox<>("x", 1)));
     }
 
     void runTest(Function<Box<String>, Integer> test) {
@@ -124,6 +126,18 @@ sealed interface I<T> {}
     record Box<V>(V v) implements I<V> {
     }
 
+    interface PairI<A, B> {}
+    record PairBox<A, B>(A a, B b) implements PairI<A, B> {
+        int selfSuperInference(PairI<A, B> p) {
+            if (p instanceof PairBox(var a, var b)) {
+                A aa = a;
+                B bb = b;
+                return 1;
+            }
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+
     void assertEquals(Object expected, Object actual) {
         if (!Objects.equals(expected, actual)) {
             throw new AssertionError("Expected: " + expected + "," +

From 99255c44ebabfa160a2a47c52f623a6209e2c3cf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jan Lahoda <jlahoda@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 20 Jul 2026 13:02:39 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 289/707] 8186876: JShell: access javadoc for user/library
 classes

Co-authored-by: Alex Buckley <abuckley@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: vromero, asotona
---
 .../jshell/tool/ConsoleIOContext.java         |   1 +
 .../jdk/internal/jshell/tool/JShellTool.java  |  17 +-
 .../shellsupport/doc/JavadocHelper.java       | 175 +++++-----
 .../share/classes/jdk/jshell/Eval.java        |  40 ++-
 .../share/classes/jdk/jshell/JShell.java      |  39 ++-
 .../jdk/jshell/MaskCommentsAndModifiers.java  |  70 +++-
 .../jdk/jshell/SourceCodeAnalysis.java        |   8 +
 .../jdk/jshell/SourceCodeAnalysisImpl.java    | 214 +++++++++---
 .../share/classes/jdk/jshell/Wrap.java        |  17 +-
 src/jdk.jshell/share/man/jshell.md            |  23 +-
 .../shellsupport/doc/JavadocHelperTest.java   |   4 +-
 test/langtools/jdk/jshell/AnalysisTest.java   |   9 +
 .../jshell/BinaryToSourceCodeMappingTest.java | 310 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../jdk/jshell/CompletenessTest.java          |  24 ++
 .../jdk/jshell/CompletionAPITest.java         |  17 +-
 .../jdk/jshell/CompletionSuggestionTest.java  |  27 +-
 test/langtools/jdk/jshell/JavadocTest.java    | 175 +++++++++-
 test/langtools/jdk/jshell/KullaTesting.java   |   5 +-
 test/langtools/jdk/jshell/ToolSimpleTest.java |   2 +
 .../jdk/jshell/ToolTabSnippetTest.java        | 127 +++++--
 20 files changed, 1067 insertions(+), 237 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/langtools/jdk/jshell/BinaryToSourceCodeMappingTest.java

diff --git a/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/internal/jshell/tool/ConsoleIOContext.java b/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/internal/jshell/tool/ConsoleIOContext.java
index eba81b4be07..c5cbb238251 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/internal/jshell/tool/ConsoleIOContext.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/internal/jshell/tool/ConsoleIOContext.java
@@ -1308,6 +1308,7 @@ public FixResult compute(JShellTool repl, String code, int cursor) {
                     case COMPLETE:
                     case COMPLETE_WITH_SEMI:
                     case CONSIDERED_INCOMPLETE:
+                    case PREFIX:
                         break;
                     case EMPTY:
                         return reject(repl, "jshell.console.empty");
diff --git a/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/internal/jshell/tool/JShellTool.java b/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/internal/jshell/tool/JShellTool.java
index 9a030f7e46b..196d51685c5 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/internal/jshell/tool/JShellTool.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/internal/jshell/tool/JShellTool.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -1130,7 +1130,20 @@ private void resetState() {
                         ? currentNameSpace.tid(sn)
                         : errorNamespace.tid(sn))
                 .remoteVMOptions(options.remoteVmOptions())
-                .compilerOptions(options.compilerOptions());
+                .compilerOptions(options.compilerOptions())
+                .binarySourceMapping(binary -> {
+                    String binaryPath = binary.toString();
+                    if (binaryPath.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT).endsWith(".jar")) {
+                        String sourceCandidatePath =
+                                binaryPath.substring(0, binaryPath.length() - ".jar".length()) + "-sources.jar";
+                        Path sourceCandidate = Path.of(sourceCandidatePath);
+
+                        if (Files.exists(sourceCandidate)) {
+                            return List.of(binary, sourceCandidate);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    return List.of(binary);
+                });
         if (executionControlSpec != null) {
             builder.executionEngine(executionControlSpec);
         }
diff --git a/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/internal/shellsupport/doc/JavadocHelper.java b/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/internal/shellsupport/doc/JavadocHelper.java
index 112808420bc..6db40093863 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/internal/shellsupport/doc/JavadocHelper.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/internal/shellsupport/doc/JavadocHelper.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.DefinedBy;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.DefinedBy.Api;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Pair;
+import java.util.function.Function;
 
 import jdk.internal.org.commonmark.ext.gfm.tables.TablesExtension;
 import jdk.internal.org.commonmark.node.Node;
@@ -114,11 +115,12 @@ public abstract class JavadocHelper implements AutoCloseable {
      * @param sourceLocations paths where source files should be searched
      * @return a JavadocHelper
      */
-    public static JavadocHelper create(JavacTask mainTask, Collection<? extends Path> sourceLocations) {
+    public static JavadocHelper create(JavacTask mainTask, Collection<? extends Path> sourceLocations,
+                                       Function<String, String> extraBinaryName2FullSource) {
         StandardJavaFileManager fm = compiler.getStandardFileManager(null, null, null);
         try {
             fm.setLocationFromPaths(StandardLocation.SOURCE_PATH, sourceLocations);
-            return new OnDemandJavadocHelper(mainTask, fm, sourceLocations);
+            return new OnDemandJavadocHelper(mainTask, fm, extraBinaryName2FullSource);
         } catch (IOException ex) {
             try {
                 fm.close();
@@ -140,16 +142,6 @@ public void close() throws IOException {}
                 public String getResolvedDocComment(StoredElement forElement) throws IOException {
                     return null;
                 }
-
-                @Override
-                public StoredElement getHandle(Element forElement) {
-                    return null;
-                }
-
-                @Override
-                public Collection<? extends Path> getSourceLocations() {
-                    return List.of();
-                }
             };
         }
     }
@@ -174,9 +166,6 @@ public Collection<? extends Path> getSourceLocations() {
      */
     public abstract Element getSourceElement(Element forElement) throws IOException;
 
-    public abstract StoredElement getHandle(Element forElement);
-    public abstract Collection<? extends Path> getSourceLocations();
-
     /**Closes the helper.
      *
      * @throws IOException if something foes wrong during the close
@@ -184,20 +173,86 @@ public Collection<? extends Path> getSourceLocations() {
     @Override
     public abstract void close() throws IOException;
 
-    public record StoredElement(String module, String binaryName, String handle) {}
+    public record StoredElement(String module, String binaryName, String handle) {
+        public static StoredElement getStoredElement(JavacTask mainTask, Element forElement) {
+            TypeElement type = topLevelType(forElement);
+
+            if (type == null)
+                return null;
+
+            Elements elements = mainTask.getElements();
+            ModuleElement module = elements.getModuleOf(type);
+            String moduleName = module == null || module.isUnnamed()
+                    ? null
+                    : module.getQualifiedName().toString();
+            String binaryName = elements.getBinaryName(type).toString();
+            String handle = elementSignature(forElement);
+
+            return new StoredElement(moduleName, binaryName, handle);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private static String elementSignature(Element el) {
+        switch (el.getKind()) {
+            case ANNOTATION_TYPE: case CLASS: case ENUM: case INTERFACE: case RECORD:
+                return ((TypeElement) el).getQualifiedName().toString();
+            case FIELD:
+                return elementSignature(el.getEnclosingElement()) + "." + el.getSimpleName() + ":" + el.asType();
+            case ENUM_CONSTANT:
+                return elementSignature(el.getEnclosingElement()) + "." + el.getSimpleName();
+            case EXCEPTION_PARAMETER: case LOCAL_VARIABLE: case PARAMETER: case RESOURCE_VARIABLE:
+                return el.getSimpleName() + ":" + el.asType();
+            case CONSTRUCTOR: case METHOD:
+                StringBuilder header = new StringBuilder();
+                header.append(elementSignature(el.getEnclosingElement()));
+                if (el.getKind() == ElementKind.METHOD) {
+                    header.append(".");
+                    header.append(el.getSimpleName());
+                }
+                header.append("(");
+                String sep = "";
+                ExecutableElement method = (ExecutableElement) el;
+                for (Iterator<? extends VariableElement> i = method.getParameters().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
+                    VariableElement p = i.next();
+                    header.append(sep);
+                    header.append(p.asType());
+                    sep = ", ";
+                }
+                header.append(")");
+                return header.toString();
+            case PACKAGE, STATIC_INIT, INSTANCE_INIT, TYPE_PARAMETER,
+                 OTHER, MODULE, RECORD_COMPONENT, BINDING_VARIABLE:
+                return el.toString();
+            default:
+                throw Assert.error(el.getKind().name());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static TypeElement topLevelType(Element el) {
+        if (el.getKind() == ElementKind.PACKAGE)
+            return null;
+
+        while (el != null && el.getEnclosingElement().getKind() != ElementKind.PACKAGE) {
+            el = el.getEnclosingElement();
+        }
+
+        return el != null && (el.getKind().isClass() || el.getKind().isInterface()) ? (TypeElement) el : null;
+    }
 
     private static final class OnDemandJavadocHelper extends JavadocHelper {
         private final JavacTask mainTask;
         private final JavaFileManager baseFileManager;
         private final StandardJavaFileManager fm;
         private final Map<String, Pair<JavacTask, TreePath>> signature2Source = new HashMap<>();
-        private final Collection<? extends Path> sourceLocations;
+        private final Function<String, String> extraBinaryName2FullSource;
 
-        private OnDemandJavadocHelper(JavacTask mainTask, StandardJavaFileManager fm, Collection<? extends Path> sourceLocations) {
+        private OnDemandJavadocHelper(JavacTask mainTask, StandardJavaFileManager fm,
+                                      Function<String, String> extraBinaryName2FullSource) {
             this.mainTask = mainTask;
             this.baseFileManager = ((JavacTaskImpl) mainTask).getContext().get(JavaFileManager.class);
             this.fm = fm;
-            this.sourceLocations = sourceLocations;
+            this.extraBinaryName2FullSource = extraBinaryName2FullSource;
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -235,29 +290,6 @@ public Element getSourceElement(Element forElement) throws IOException {
             return result;
         }
 
-        @Override
-        public StoredElement getHandle(Element forElement) {
-            TypeElement type = topLevelType(forElement);
-
-            if (type == null)
-                return null;
-
-            Elements elements = mainTask.getElements();
-            ModuleElement module = elements.getModuleOf(type);
-            String moduleName = module == null || module.isUnnamed()
-                    ? null
-                    : module.getQualifiedName().toString();
-            String binaryName = elements.getBinaryName(type).toString();
-            String handle = elementSignature(forElement);
-
-            return new StoredElement(moduleName, binaryName, handle);
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public Collection<? extends Path> getSourceLocations() {
-            return sourceLocations;
-        }
-
          private String getResolvedDocComment(JavacTask task, TreePath el) throws IOException {
             DocTrees trees = DocTrees.instance(task);
             Element element = trees.getElement(el);
@@ -822,52 +854,6 @@ private Pair<JavacTask, TreePath> getSourceElement(JavacTask origin, Element el)
             }
         }
         //where:
-            private String elementSignature(Element el) {
-                switch (el.getKind()) {
-                    case ANNOTATION_TYPE: case CLASS: case ENUM: case INTERFACE: case RECORD:
-                        return ((TypeElement) el).getQualifiedName().toString();
-                    case FIELD:
-                        return elementSignature(el.getEnclosingElement()) + "." + el.getSimpleName() + ":" + el.asType();
-                    case ENUM_CONSTANT:
-                        return elementSignature(el.getEnclosingElement()) + "." + el.getSimpleName();
-                    case EXCEPTION_PARAMETER: case LOCAL_VARIABLE: case PARAMETER: case RESOURCE_VARIABLE:
-                        return el.getSimpleName() + ":" + el.asType();
-                    case CONSTRUCTOR: case METHOD:
-                        StringBuilder header = new StringBuilder();
-                        header.append(elementSignature(el.getEnclosingElement()));
-                        if (el.getKind() == ElementKind.METHOD) {
-                            header.append(".");
-                            header.append(el.getSimpleName());
-                        }
-                        header.append("(");
-                        String sep = "";
-                        ExecutableElement method = (ExecutableElement) el;
-                        for (Iterator<? extends VariableElement> i = method.getParameters().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-                            VariableElement p = i.next();
-                            header.append(sep);
-                            header.append(p.asType());
-                            sep = ", ";
-                        }
-                        header.append(")");
-                        return header.toString();
-                    case PACKAGE, STATIC_INIT, INSTANCE_INIT, TYPE_PARAMETER,
-                         OTHER, MODULE, RECORD_COMPONENT, BINDING_VARIABLE:
-                        return el.toString();
-                    default:
-                        throw Assert.error(el.getKind().name());
-                }
-            }
-
-            private TypeElement topLevelType(Element el) {
-                if (el.getKind() == ElementKind.PACKAGE)
-                    return null;
-
-                while (el != null && el.getEnclosingElement().getKind() != ElementKind.PACKAGE) {
-                    el = el.getEnclosingElement();
-                }
-
-                return el != null && (el.getKind().isClass() || el.getKind().isInterface()) ? (TypeElement) el : null;
-            }
 
             private void fillElementCache(JavacTask task, CompilationUnitTree cut) throws IOException {
                 Trees trees = Trees.instance(task);
@@ -907,8 +893,15 @@ private Pair<JavacTask, CompilationUnitTree> findSource(String moduleName,
                                                         binaryName,
                                                         JavaFileObject.Kind.SOURCE);
 
-            if (jfo == null)
-                return null;
+            if (jfo == null) {
+                String fullSource = extraBinaryName2FullSource.apply(binaryName);
+
+                if (fullSource == null) {
+                    return null;
+                }
+
+                jfo = SimpleJavaFileObject.forSource(URI.create("mem://Temp.java"), fullSource);
+            }
 
             List<JavaFileObject> jfos = Arrays.asList(jfo);
             JavaFileManager patchFM = moduleName != null
diff --git a/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/Eval.java b/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/Eval.java
index 70f3b70fd66..e2026eda08a 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/Eval.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/Eval.java
@@ -200,10 +200,11 @@ List<Snippet> toScratchSnippets(String userSource) {
      * @return usually a singleton list of Snippet, but may be empty or multiple
      */
     private List<Snippet> sourceToSnippets(String userSource) {
-        String compileSource = Util.trimEnd(new MaskCommentsAndModifiers(userSource, false).cleared());
-        if (compileSource.length() == 0) {
+        String emptyCheck = Util.trimEnd(new MaskCommentsAndModifiers(userSource, false, true).cleared());
+        if (emptyCheck.isEmpty()) {
             return Collections.emptyList();
         }
+        String compileSource = Util.trimEnd(new MaskCommentsAndModifiers(userSource, false, false).cleared());
         return state.taskFactory.parse(compileSource, pt -> {
             List<? extends Tree> units = pt.units();
             if (units.isEmpty()) {
@@ -221,7 +222,7 @@ private List<Snippet> sourceToSnippets(String userSource) {
             }
 
             // Erase illegal/ignored modifiers
-            String compileSourceInt = new MaskCommentsAndModifiers(compileSource, true).cleared();
+            String compileSourceInt = new MaskCommentsAndModifiers(compileSource, true, false).cleared();
 
             state.debug(DBG_GEN, "Kind: %s -- %s\n", unitTree.getKind(), unitTree);
             return switch (unitTree.getKind()) {
@@ -337,6 +338,7 @@ private List<Snippet> processVariables(String userSource, List<? extends Tree> u
             Set<String> anonymousClasses = Collections.emptySet();
             StringBuilder sbBrackets = new StringBuilder();
             Tree baseType = vt.getType();
+            int variableDeclarationStart = dis.getStartPosition(vt);
             if (vt.getType() != null && vt.getType().getKind() != Tree.Kind.VAR_TYPE) {
                 tds.scan(baseType); // Not dependent on initializer
                 fullTypeName = displayType = typeName = EvalPretty.prettyExpr((JCTree) vt.getType(), false);
@@ -350,7 +352,7 @@ private List<Snippet> processVariables(String userSource, List<? extends Tree> u
             } else {
                 DiagList dl = trialCompile(Wrap.methodWrap(compileSource));
                 if (dl.hasErrors()) {
-                    return compileFailResult(dl, userSource, kindOfTree(unitTree));
+                    return compileFailResult(dl, userSource, kindOfTree(unitTree), variableDeclarationStart);
                 }
                 Tree init = vt.getInitializer();
                 if (init != null) {
@@ -424,7 +426,10 @@ private List<Snippet> processVariables(String userSource, List<? extends Tree> u
                     wname = new Wrap.RangeWrap(compileSource, rname);
                 }
             }
-            Wrap guts = Wrap.varWrap(compileSource, typeWrap, sbBrackets.toString(), wname,
+            Wrap prefixWrap = variableDeclarationStart == 0
+                    ? null
+                    : Wrap.rangeWrap(compileSource, new Range(0, variableDeclarationStart));
+            Wrap guts = Wrap.varWrap(compileSource, prefixWrap, typeWrap, sbBrackets.toString(), wname,
                                      winit, enhancedDesugaring, anonDeclareWrap);
             DiagList modDiag = modifierDiagnostics(vt.getModifiers(), dis, true);
             Snippet snip = new VarSnippet(state.keyMap.keyForVariable(name), userSource, guts,
@@ -730,7 +735,7 @@ private List<Snippet> processClass(String userSource, Tree unitTree, String comp
         // Corralling
         Wrap corralled = new Corraller(dis, key.index(), compileSource).corralType(klassTree);
 
-        Wrap guts = Wrap.classMemberWrap(compileSource);
+        Wrap guts = Wrap.classMemberWrap(compileSource, dis.getStartPosition(klassTree));
         Snippet snip = new TypeDeclSnippet(key, userSource, guts,
                 name, snippetKind,
                 corralled, tds.declareReferences(), tds.bodyReferences(), modDiag);
@@ -776,6 +781,7 @@ private List<Snippet> processMethod(String userSource, Tree unitTree, String com
         final MethodTree mt = (MethodTree) unitTree;
         //String name = userReadableName(mt.getName(), compileSource);
         final String name = mt.getName().toString();
+        int methodDeclarationStart = dis.getStartPosition(mt);
         if (objectMethods.contains(name)) {
             // The name matches a method on Object, short of an overhaul, this
             // fails, see 8187137.  Generate a descriptive error message
@@ -790,7 +796,7 @@ private List<Snippet> processMethod(String userSource, Tree unitTree, String com
                     ? possibleStart // something wrong, punt
                     : possibleStart + offset;
 
-            return compileFailResult(new DiagList(objectMethodNameDiag(name, start)), userSource, Kind.METHOD);
+            return compileFailResult(new DiagList(objectMethodNameDiag(name, start)), userSource, Kind.METHOD, methodDeclarationStart);
         }
         String parameterTypes
                 = mt.getParameters()
@@ -800,7 +806,7 @@ private List<Snippet> processMethod(String userSource, Tree unitTree, String com
         Tree returnType = mt.getReturnType();
         DiagList modDiag = modifierDiagnostics(mt.getModifiers(), dis, false);
         if (modDiag.hasErrors()) {
-            return compileFailResult(modDiag, userSource, Kind.METHOD);
+            return compileFailResult(modDiag, userSource, Kind.METHOD, methodDeclarationStart);
         }
         MethodKey key = state.keyMap.keyForMethod(name, parameterTypes);
 
@@ -822,7 +828,7 @@ private List<Snippet> processMethod(String userSource, Tree unitTree, String com
         } else {
             // normal method
             corralled = new Corraller(dis, key.index(), compileSource).corralMethod(mt);
-            guts = Wrap.classMemberWrap(compileSource);
+            guts = Wrap.classMemberWrap(compileSource, methodDeclarationStart);
             unresolvedSelf = null;
         }
         Range typeRange = dis.treeToRange(returnType);
@@ -874,19 +880,31 @@ private List<Snippet> compileFailResult(BaseTask<?> xt, String userSource, Kind
      * @return a rejected snippet
      */
     private List<Snippet> compileFailResult(DiagList diags, String userSource, Kind probableKind) {
+        return compileFailResult(diags, userSource, probableKind, 0);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The snippet has failed, return with the rejected snippet
+     *
+     * @param diags the failure diagnostics
+     * @param userSource the incoming bad user source
+     * @param declarationStart the start offset of the declaration (if any)
+     * @return a rejected snippet
+     */
+    private List<Snippet> compileFailResult(DiagList diags, String userSource, Kind probableKind, int declarationStart) {
         ErroneousKey key = state.keyMap.keyForErroneous();
         Snippet snip = new ErroneousSnippet(key, userSource, null,
                 probableKind, SubKind.UNKNOWN_SUBKIND);
         snip.setFailed(diags);
 
         // Install  wrapper for query by SourceCodeAnalysis.wrapper
-        String compileSource = Util.trimEnd(new MaskCommentsAndModifiers(userSource, true).cleared());
+        String compileSource = Util.trimEnd(new MaskCommentsAndModifiers(userSource, true, false).cleared());
         OuterWrap outer = switch (probableKind) {
             case IMPORT     -> state.outerMap.wrapImport(Wrap.simpleWrap(compileSource), snip);
             case EXPRESSION -> state.outerMap.wrapInTrialClass(Wrap.methodReturnWrap(compileSource));
             case VAR,
                  TYPE_DECL,
-                 METHOD     -> state.outerMap.wrapInTrialClass(Wrap.classMemberWrap(compileSource));
+                 METHOD     -> state.outerMap.wrapInTrialClass(Wrap.classMemberWrap(compileSource, declarationStart));
             default         -> state.outerMap.wrapInTrialClass(Wrap.methodWrap(compileSource));
         };
         snip.setOuterWrap(outer);
diff --git a/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/JShell.java b/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/JShell.java
index 336746047dc..535e4df02fb 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/JShell.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/JShell.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -31,9 +31,11 @@
 import java.io.InterruptedIOException;
 import java.io.PrintStream;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.text.MessageFormat;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -100,6 +102,7 @@ public class JShell implements AutoCloseable {
     final List<String> extraRemoteVMOptions;
     final List<String> extraCompilerOptions;
     final Function<StandardJavaFileManager, StandardJavaFileManager> fileManagerMapping;
+    final Function<Path, Collection<? extends Path>> binarySourceMapping;
 
     private int nextKeyIndex = 1;
 
@@ -125,6 +128,7 @@ public class JShell implements AutoCloseable {
         this.extraRemoteVMOptions = b.extraRemoteVMOptions;
         this.extraCompilerOptions = b.extraCompilerOptions;
         this.fileManagerMapping = b.fileManagerMapping;
+        this.binarySourceMapping = b.binarySourceMapping;
         try {
             if (b.executionControlProvider != null) {
                 executionControl = b.executionControlProvider.generate(new ExecutionEnvImpl(),
@@ -183,6 +187,7 @@ public static class Builder {
         Map<String,String> executionControlParameters;
         String executionControlSpec;
         Function<StandardJavaFileManager, StandardJavaFileManager> fileManagerMapping;
+        Function<Path, Collection<? extends Path>> binarySourceMapping;
 
         Builder() { }
 
@@ -414,6 +419,38 @@ public Builder fileManager(Function<StandardJavaFileManager, StandardJavaFileMan
             return this;
         }
 
+        /**
+         * Add a mapping from roots containing classfiles to roots containing
+         * their corresponding sources.
+         *
+         * <p>The given {@code binarySourceMapping} will be called for various paths
+         * used by JShell. Some of them may be distinct from roots specified in classpath
+         * and module path.
+         *
+         * <p>When looking for a source for a binary class or interface, the roots
+         * containing sources are searched in the given order, and once
+         * a source file corresponding to the given class or interface is found,
+         * the rest of the roots containing sources will be ignored.
+         *
+         * <p>The results of calling {@code binarySourceMapping} may be cached, and the
+         * same file may or may not be queried again.
+         *
+         * <p>The result of calling the {@code binarySourceMapping} may be {@code null},
+         * which will be treated the same way as an empty collection.
+         *
+         * <p>If the result value is of a type that is {@link AutoCloseable}, then it will
+         * be closed when not needed anymore.
+         *
+         * @param binarySourceMapping the binary to source mapper, or {@code null} if none.
+         * @return the {@code Builder} instance (for use in chained
+         *         initialization)
+         * @since 28
+         */
+        public Builder binarySourceMapping(Function<Path, Collection<? extends Path>> binarySourceMapping) {
+            this.binarySourceMapping = binarySourceMapping;
+            return this;
+        }
+
         /**
          * Builds a JShell state engine. This is the entry-point to all JShell
          * functionality. This creates a remote process for execution. It is
diff --git a/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/MaskCommentsAndModifiers.java b/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/MaskCommentsAndModifiers.java
index becdb60129a..858c6a37509 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/MaskCommentsAndModifiers.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/MaskCommentsAndModifiers.java
@@ -72,11 +72,14 @@ class MaskCommentsAndModifiers {
     // initial modifier section
     private boolean maskModifiers;
 
+    //should documentation comments be masked?
+    private boolean maskDocComments;
+
     // Does the string end with an unclosed '/*' style comment?
     private boolean openToken = false;
 
-    MaskCommentsAndModifiers(String s, boolean maskModifiers) {
-        this(s, maskModifiers, IGNORED_MODIFIERS);
+    MaskCommentsAndModifiers(String s, boolean maskModifiers, boolean maskDocComments) {
+        this(s, maskModifiers, IGNORED_MODIFIERS, maskDocComments);
     }
 
     MaskCommentsAndModifiers(String s, Set<String> ignoredModifiers) {
@@ -84,10 +87,15 @@ class MaskCommentsAndModifiers {
     }
 
     MaskCommentsAndModifiers(String s, boolean maskModifiers, Set<String> ignoredModifiers) {
+        this(s, maskModifiers, ignoredModifiers, true);
+    }
+
+    MaskCommentsAndModifiers(String s, boolean maskModifiers, Set<String> ignoredModifiers, boolean maskDocComments) {
         this.str = s;
         this.length = s.length();
         this.maskModifiers = maskModifiers;
         this.ignoredModifiers = ignoredModifiers;
+        this.maskDocComments = maskDocComments;
         read();
         while (c >= 0) {
             next();
@@ -154,6 +162,14 @@ private void writeMask(CharSequence s) {
         }
     }
 
+    private void writeMaskOrNotMask(int ch, boolean mask) {
+        if (mask) {
+            writeMask(ch);
+        } else {
+            write(ch);
+        }
+    }
+
     @SuppressWarnings("fallthrough")
     private void next() {
         switch (c) {
@@ -199,30 +215,50 @@ private void next() {
             case '/':
                 read();
                 switch (c) {
-                    case '*':
-                        writeMask('/');
-                        writeMask(c);
-                        int prevc = 0;
-                        while (read() >= 0 && (c != '/' || prevc != '*')) {
+                    case '*' -> {
+                        read();
+                        boolean mask;
+                        if (maskDocComments || c != '*') {
+                            writeMask("/*");
                             writeMask(c);
+                            mask = true;
+                        } else {
+                            read();
+                            if (c == '/') {
+                                //special case: /**/
+                                writeMask("/**/");
+                                openToken = false;
+                                break;
+                            }
+                            write("/**");
+                            write(c);
+                            mask = false; //do not mask javadoc comments
+                        }
+
+                        int prevc = c;
+                        while (read() >= 0 && (c != '/' || prevc != '*')) {
+                            writeMaskOrNotMask(c, mask);
                             prevc = c;
                         }
-                        writeMask(c);
+                        writeMaskOrNotMask(c, mask);
                         openToken = c < 0;
-                        break;
-                    case '/':
-                        writeMask('/');
-                        writeMask(c);
+                    }
+                    case '/' -> {
+                        read();
+                        boolean mask = maskDocComments || c != '/'; //do not mask javadoc comments
+                        writeMaskOrNotMask('/', mask);
+                        writeMaskOrNotMask('/', mask);
+                        writeMaskOrNotMask(c, mask);
                         while (read() >= 0 && c != '\n' && c != '\r') {
-                            writeMask(c);
+                            writeMaskOrNotMask(c, mask);
                         }
-                        writeMask(c);
-                        break;
-                    default:
+                        writeMaskOrNotMask(c, mask);
+                    }
+                    default -> {
                         maskModifiers = false;
                         write('/');
                         unread();
-                        break;
+                    }
                 }
                 break;
             case '@':
diff --git a/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/SourceCodeAnalysis.java b/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/SourceCodeAnalysis.java
index 91bdde888fa..f78828e1c10 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/SourceCodeAnalysis.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/SourceCodeAnalysis.java
@@ -273,6 +273,14 @@ public enum Completeness {
          */
         CONSIDERED_INCOMPLETE(false),
 
+        /**
+         * Snippet is likely a prefix of a real snippet. Typically, the snippet
+         * is a documentation comment, after which it is expected that a declaration
+         * will follow.
+         *
+         * @since 28
+         */
+        PREFIX(false),
 
         /**
          * An empty input.
diff --git a/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/SourceCodeAnalysisImpl.java b/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/SourceCodeAnalysisImpl.java
index 215b412003d..b6146fb9588 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/SourceCodeAnalysisImpl.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/SourceCodeAnalysisImpl.java
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
 import com.sun.source.tree.TypeParameterTree;
 import com.sun.source.tree.VariableTree;
 import com.sun.source.tree.YieldTree;
+import com.sun.source.util.JavacTask;
 import com.sun.source.util.SourcePositions;
 import com.sun.source.util.TreePath;
 import com.sun.source.util.TreePathScanner;
@@ -173,6 +174,7 @@ class SourceCodeAnalysisImpl extends SourceCodeAnalysis {
 
     private final JShell proc;
     private final CompletenessAnalyzer ca;
+    private final Function<String, String> binaryName2SnipperOuterWrap;
     private final List<AutoCloseable> closeables = new ArrayList<>();
     private final Map<Path, ClassIndex> currentIndexes = new HashMap<>();
     private int indexVersion;
@@ -184,6 +186,14 @@ class SourceCodeAnalysisImpl extends SourceCodeAnalysis {
         this.proc = proc;
         this.ca = new CompletenessAnalyzer(proc);
 
+        this.binaryName2SnipperOuterWrap = binaryName -> {
+            return proc.snippets()
+                       .filter(s -> binaryName.equals(s.classFullName()))
+                       .map(s -> s.outerWrap().wrapped())
+                       .findAny()
+                       .orElse(null);
+        };
+
         int cpVersion = classpathVersion = 1;
 
         INDEXER.submit(() -> refreshIndexes(cpVersion));
@@ -191,7 +201,7 @@ class SourceCodeAnalysisImpl extends SourceCodeAnalysis {
 
     @Override
     public CompletionInfo analyzeCompletion(String srcInput) {
-        MaskCommentsAndModifiers mcm = new MaskCommentsAndModifiers(srcInput, false);
+        MaskCommentsAndModifiers mcm = new MaskCommentsAndModifiers(srcInput, false, true);
         if (mcm.endsWithOpenToken()) {
             proc.debug(DBG_COMPA, "Incomplete (open comment): %s\n", srcInput);
             return new CompletionInfoImpl(DEFINITELY_INCOMPLETE, null, srcInput + '\n');
@@ -199,8 +209,9 @@ public CompletionInfo analyzeCompletion(String srcInput) {
         String cleared = mcm.cleared();
         String trimmedInput = Util.trimEnd(cleared);
         if (trimmedInput.isEmpty()) {
-            // Just comment or empty
-            return new CompletionInfoImpl(Completeness.EMPTY, srcInput, "");
+            // Just comment, empty, or javadoc prefix
+            boolean hasDocumentation = !Util.trimEnd(new MaskCommentsAndModifiers(srcInput, false, false).cleared()).isEmpty();
+            return new CompletionInfoImpl(hasDocumentation ? Completeness.PREFIX : Completeness.EMPTY, srcInput, "");
         }
         CaInfo info = ca.scan(trimmedInput);
         Completeness status = info.status;
@@ -369,7 +380,7 @@ private <Suggestion> List<Suggestion> completionSuggestionsImpl(String code, int
 
     private <Suggestion> List<Suggestion> computeSuggestions(OuterWrap code, String inputCode, int cursor, String prefix, ElementSuggestionConvertor<Suggestion> suggestionConvertor) {
         return proc.taskFactory.analyze(code, COMPLETION_EXTRA_PARAMETERS, at -> {
-            try (JavadocHelper javadoc = JavadocHelper.create(at.task, findSources())) {
+            try (JavadocConfig javadoc = new JavadocConfig(at.task, getAllPaths())) {
             SourcePositions sp = at.trees().getSourcePositions();
             CompilationUnitTree topLevel = at.firstCuTree();
             TreePath tp = pathFor(topLevel, sp, code, cursor);
@@ -713,9 +724,6 @@ private <Suggestion> List<Suggestion> computeSuggestions(OuterWrap code, String
 
                 return suggestionConvertor.convert(completionState, result);
             }
-            } catch (IOException ex) {
-                //TODO:
-                ex.printStackTrace();
             }
             return Collections.emptyList();
         });
@@ -805,7 +813,7 @@ public List<Highlight> highlights(String snippet) {
         //TODO: OuterWrap duplicated
         OuterWrap codeWrap = switch (guessKind(snippet)) {
             case IMPORT -> proc.outerMap.wrapImport(Wrap.simpleWrap(snippet + "any.any"), null);
-            case CLASS, METHOD -> proc.outerMap.wrapInTrialClass(Wrap.classMemberWrap(snippet));
+            case CLASS, METHOD -> proc.outerMap.wrapInTrialClass(Wrap.classMemberWrap(snippet, 0));
             default -> proc.outerMap.wrapInTrialClass(Wrap.methodWrap(snippet));
         };
         String wrappedCode = codeWrap.wrapped();
@@ -1227,7 +1235,7 @@ private boolean isPermittedAnnotationAttributeFieldType(AnalyzeTask at, TypeMirr
     };
     private final Function<Element, Iterable<? extends Element>> IDENTITY = Collections::singletonList;
 
-    private void addElements(JavadocHelper javadoc, Iterable<? extends Element> elements, Predicate<Element> accept, Predicate<Element> smart, int anchor, String prefix, List<ElementSuggestion> result) {
+    private void addElements(JavadocConfig javadoc, Iterable<? extends Element> elements, Predicate<Element> accept, Predicate<Element> smart, int anchor, String prefix, List<ElementSuggestion> result) {
         for (Element c : elements) {
             if (!accept.test(c) || !simpleContinuationName(c).startsWith(prefix))
                 continue;
@@ -1237,10 +1245,11 @@ private void addElements(JavadocHelper javadoc, Iterable<? extends Element> elem
                 continue;
             }
             StoredElement stored = javadoc.getHandle(c);
-            Collection<? extends Path> sourceLocations = javadoc.getSourceLocations();
+            Collection<? extends Path> binaryPaths = javadoc.getBinaryPaths();
             result.add(new ElementSuggestionImpl(c, null, smart.test(c), anchor, () -> {
                 return proc.taskFactory.analyze(proc.outerMap.wrapInTrialClass(Wrap.methodWrap(";")), task -> {
-                    try (JavadocHelper nestedJavadoc = JavadocHelper.create(task.task, sourceLocations)) {
+                    try (CloseableSources closeableSources = findSources(binaryPaths);
+                         JavadocHelper nestedJavadoc = JavadocHelper.create(task.task, closeableSources.sources(), binaryName2SnipperOuterWrap)) {
                         return nestedJavadoc.getResolvedDocComment(stored);
                     } catch (IOException ex) {
                         ex.printStackTrace();
@@ -1251,7 +1260,7 @@ private void addElements(JavadocHelper javadoc, Iterable<? extends Element> elem
         }
     }
 
-    private void addModuleElements(AnalyzeTask at, JavadocHelper javadoc, int anchor,
+    private void addModuleElements(AnalyzeTask at, JavadocConfig javadoc, int anchor,
                                    String prefix,
                                    List<ElementSuggestion> result) {
         for (ModuleElement me : at.getElements().getAllModuleElements()) {
@@ -1413,6 +1422,8 @@ void classpathChanged() {
             int cpVersion = ++classpathVersion;
 
             INDEXER.submit(() -> refreshIndexes(cpVersion));
+
+            allPaths = null;
         }
     }
 
@@ -1704,7 +1715,7 @@ private TypeMirror resultTypeOf(Element el) {
         };
     }
 
-    private void addScopeElements(AnalyzeTask at, JavadocHelper javadoc, Scope scope, Function<Element, Iterable<? extends Element>> elementConvertor, Predicate<Element> filter, Predicate<Element> smartFilter, int anchor, String prefix, List<ElementSuggestion> result) {
+    private void addScopeElements(AnalyzeTask at, JavadocConfig javadoc, Scope scope, Function<Element, Iterable<? extends Element>> elementConvertor, Predicate<Element> filter, Predicate<Element> smartFilter, int anchor, String prefix, List<ElementSuggestion> result) {
         addElements(javadoc, scopeContent(at, scope, elementConvertor), filter, smartFilter, anchor, prefix, result);
     }
 
@@ -1903,7 +1914,8 @@ private List<Documentation> documentationImpl(String code, int cursor, boolean c
 
             List<Documentation> result = Collections.emptyList();
 
-            try (JavadocHelper helper = JavadocHelper.create(at.task, findSources())) {
+            try (CloseableSources sources = findSources(getAllPaths());
+                 JavadocHelper helper = JavadocHelper.create(at.task, sources.sources(), binaryName2SnipperOuterWrap)) {
                 int parameterIndexFin = parameterIndex;
                 result = elements.map(el -> constructDocumentation(at, helper, el, parameterIndexFin, computeJavadoc))
                                  .filter(Objects::nonNull)
@@ -1933,7 +1945,11 @@ private Documentation constructDocumentation(AnalyzeTask at, JavadocHelper helpe
     }
 
     public void close() {
-        for (AutoCloseable closeable : closeables) {
+        close(closeables);
+    }
+
+    private void close(List<AutoCloseable> toClose) {
+        for (AutoCloseable closeable : toClose) {
             try {
                 closeable.close();
             } catch (Exception ex) {
@@ -1966,17 +1982,51 @@ private boolean hasSyntheticParameterNames(Element el) {
                  .allMatch(param -> param.getSimpleName().toString().startsWith("arg"));
     }
 
-    private static List<Path> availableSourcesOverride; //for tests
-    private List<Path> availableSources;
+    private CloseableSources findSources(Collection<? extends Path> forPaths) {
+        List<AutoCloseable> toClose = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        try {
+            List<Path> sourcePaths = new ArrayList<>();
+
+            sourcePaths.addAll(jdkSources());
+
+            if (proc.binarySourceMapping != null) {
+                for (Path binaryPath : forPaths) {
+                    Iterable<? extends Path> mappedSources = proc.binarySourceMapping.apply(binaryPath);
+
+                    if (mappedSources != null) {
+                        if (mappedSources instanceof AutoCloseable closeable) {
+                            toClose.add(closeable);
+                        }
+
+                        mappedSources.forEach(sourcePaths::add);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            CloseableSources result = new CloseableSources(this, sourcePaths, toClose);
+
+            toClose = List.of();
 
-    private List<Path> findSources() {
-        if (availableSources != null) {
-            return availableSources;
+            return result;
+        } finally {
+            close(toClose);
         }
-        if (availableSourcesOverride != null) {
-            return availableSources = availableSourcesOverride;
+    }
+
+    private static List<Path> jdkSourcesOverride; //for tests
+    private List<Path> jdkSources;
+
+    private synchronized List<Path> jdkSources() {
+        if (jdkSources != null) {
+            return jdkSources;
         }
-        List<Path> result = new ArrayList<>();
+        if (jdkSourcesOverride != null) {
+            return jdkSources = jdkSourcesOverride;
+        }
+
+        jdkSources = new ArrayList<>();
+
         Path home = Paths.get(System.getProperty("java.home"));
         Path srcZip = home.resolve("lib").resolve("src.zip");
         if (!Files.isReadable(srcZip))
@@ -1991,13 +2041,13 @@ private List<Path> findSources() {
 
                 if (Files.exists(root.resolve("java/lang/Object.java".replace("/", zipFO.getSeparator())))) {
                     //non-modular format:
-                    result.add(srcZip);
+                    jdkSources.add(srcZip);
                 } else if (Files.exists(root.resolve("java.base/java/lang/Object.java".replace("/", zipFO.getSeparator())))) {
                     //modular format:
                     try (DirectoryStream<Path> ds = Files.newDirectoryStream(root)) {
                         for (Path p : ds) {
                             if (Files.isDirectory(p)) {
-                                result.add(p);
+                                jdkSources.add(p);
                             }
                         }
                     }
@@ -2011,18 +2061,21 @@ private List<Path> findSources() {
                     if (keepOpen) {
                         closeables.add(zipFO);
                     } else {
-                        try {
-                            zipFO.close();
-                        } catch (IOException ex) {
-                            proc.debug(ex, "SourceCodeAnalysisImpl.findSources()");
-                        }
+                        close(List.of(zipFO));
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
-        return availableSources = result;
+
+        return jdkSources;
     }
 
+    record CloseableSources(SourceCodeAnalysisImpl analysis, List<Path> sources, List<AutoCloseable> toClose) implements AutoCloseable {
+        @Override
+        public void close() {
+            analysis.close(toClose());
+        }
+    }
     private Element getOriginalEnclosingElement(Element el) {
         if (el instanceof Symbol s) el = s.baseSymbol();
         return el.getEnclosingElement();
@@ -2186,7 +2239,7 @@ public QualifiedNames listQualifiedNames(String code, int cursor) {
             case IMPORT:
                 return new QualifiedNames(Collections.emptyList(), -1, true, false);
             case METHOD:
-                codeWrap = proc.outerMap.wrapInTrialClass(Wrap.classMemberWrap(codeFin));
+                codeWrap = proc.outerMap.wrapInTrialClass(Wrap.classMemberWrap(codeFin, 0));
                 break;
             default:
                 codeWrap = proc.outerMap.wrapInTrialClass(Wrap.methodWrap(codeFin));
@@ -2269,22 +2322,7 @@ public void resumeIndexing() {
     //update indexes, either initially or after a classpath change:
     private void refreshIndexes(int version) {
         try {
-            Collection<Path> paths = proc.taskFactory.parse("", task -> {
-                MemoryFileManager fm = proc.taskFactory.fileManager();
-                Collection<Path> _paths = new ArrayList<>();
-                try {
-                    appendPaths(fm, StandardLocation.PLATFORM_CLASS_PATH, _paths);
-                    appendPaths(fm, StandardLocation.CLASS_PATH, _paths);
-                    appendPaths(fm, StandardLocation.SOURCE_PATH, _paths);
-                    appendModulePaths(fm, StandardLocation.SYSTEM_MODULES, _paths);
-                    appendModulePaths(fm, StandardLocation.UPGRADE_MODULE_PATH, _paths);
-                    appendModulePaths(fm, StandardLocation.MODULE_PATH, _paths);
-                    return _paths;
-                } catch (Exception ex) {
-                    proc.debug(ex, "SourceCodeAnalysisImpl.refreshIndexes(" + version + ")");
-                    return List.of();
-                }
-            });
+            Collection<Path> paths = getAllPaths();
 
             Map<Path, ClassIndex> newIndexes = new HashMap<>();
 
@@ -2323,6 +2361,50 @@ private void refreshIndexes(int version) {
         }
     }
 
+    private Collection<Path> allPaths;
+    private Collection<Path> getAllPaths() {
+        int originalClasspathVersion;
+
+        synchronized (currentIndexes) {
+            if (allPaths != null) {
+                return allPaths;
+            }
+
+            originalClasspathVersion = classpathVersion;
+        }
+
+        Collection<Path> paths = proc.taskFactory.parse("", task -> {
+            MemoryFileManager fm = proc.taskFactory.fileManager();
+            Collection<Path> _paths = new ArrayList<>();
+            try {
+                appendPaths(fm, StandardLocation.PLATFORM_CLASS_PATH, _paths);
+                appendPaths(fm, StandardLocation.CLASS_PATH, _paths);
+                appendPaths(fm, StandardLocation.SOURCE_PATH, _paths);
+                appendModulePaths(fm, StandardLocation.SYSTEM_MODULES, _paths);
+                appendModulePaths(fm, StandardLocation.UPGRADE_MODULE_PATH, _paths);
+                appendModulePaths(fm, StandardLocation.MODULE_PATH, _paths);
+                return _paths;
+            } catch (Exception ex) {
+                proc.debug(ex, "SourceCodeAnalysisImpl.getAllPaths(" + originalClasspathVersion + ")");
+                return List.of();
+            }
+        });
+
+        synchronized (currentIndexes) {
+            if (originalClasspathVersion != classpathVersion) {
+                paths = null;
+            } else {
+                allPaths = paths;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (paths == null) {
+            paths = getAllPaths();
+        }
+
+        return paths;
+    }
+
     private void appendPaths(MemoryFileManager fm, Location loc, Collection<Path> paths) {
         Iterable<? extends Path> locationPaths = fm.getLocationAsPaths(loc);
         if (locationPaths == null)
@@ -2536,10 +2618,10 @@ private OuterWrap wrapCodeForCompletion(String code, int cursor, boolean wrapImp
                     lastImportIsModuleImport = moduleImport[0];
                 }
                 case CLASS, METHOD -> {
-                    pendingWrap = declarationWrap = Wrap.classMemberWrap(whitespaces(code, startOffset) + current);
+                    pendingWrap = declarationWrap = Wrap.classMemberWrap(whitespaces(code, startOffset) + current, 0);
                 }
                 case VARIABLE -> {
-                    declarationWrap = Wrap.classMemberWrap(whitespaces(code, startOffset) + current);
+                    declarationWrap = Wrap.classMemberWrap(whitespaces(code, startOffset) + current, 0);
                     pendingWrap = Wrap.methodWrap(whitespaces(code, startOffset) + current);
                 }
                 default -> {
@@ -2721,4 +2803,36 @@ public Types typeUtils() {
         }
 
     }
+
+    private static class JavadocConfig implements AutoCloseable {
+        private JavacTask mainTask;
+        private Collection<? extends Path> binaryPaths;
+
+        public JavadocConfig(JavacTask mainTask, Collection<? extends Path> binaryPaths) {
+            this.mainTask = mainTask;
+            this.binaryPaths = binaryPaths;
+        }
+
+        public StoredElement getHandle(Element el) {
+            if (mainTask == null) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Already closed.");
+            }
+
+            return StoredElement.getStoredElement(mainTask, el);
+        }
+
+        public Collection<? extends Path> getBinaryPaths() {
+            if (binaryPaths == null) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Already closed.");
+            }
+
+            return binaryPaths;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void close() {
+            mainTask = null;
+            binaryPaths = null;
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/Wrap.java b/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/Wrap.java
index 990dbd8bece..b5d0592be38 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/Wrap.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jshell/share/classes/jdk/jshell/Wrap.java
@@ -87,11 +87,11 @@ private static String nlindent(int n) {
      * @return a Wrap that declares the given variable, potentially with
      *         an initialization method
      */
-    public static Wrap varWrap(String source, Wrap wtype, String brackets,
+    public static Wrap varWrap(String source, Wrap prefix, Wrap wtype, String brackets,
                                Wrap wname, Wrap winit, boolean enhanced,
                                Wrap anonDeclareWrap) {
         List<Object> components = new ArrayList<>();
-        components.add(new VarDeclareWrap(wtype, brackets, wname));
+        components.add(new VarDeclareWrap(prefix, wtype, brackets, wname));
         Wrap wmeth;
 
         if (winit == null) {
@@ -164,9 +164,10 @@ public static Wrap rangeWrap(String source, Range range) {
         return new RangeWrap(source, range);
     }
 
-    public static Wrap classMemberWrap(String source) {
-        Wrap w = new NoWrap(source);
-        return new CompoundWrap("    public static\n    ", w);
+    public static Wrap classMemberWrap(String source, int modifierInsertPos) {
+        Wrap prefix = modifierInsertPos == 0 ? null : new RangeWrap(source, new Range(0, modifierInsertPos));
+        Wrap suffix = new RangeWrap(source, new Range(modifierInsertPos, source.length()));
+        return new CompoundWrap(prefix, " public static ", suffix);
     }
 
     private static int countLines(String s) {
@@ -257,6 +258,8 @@ public static class CompoundWrap extends Wrap {
                         snlnLast = w.lastSnippetLine();
                     }
                     sb.append(w.wrapped());
+                } else if (o == null) {
+                    //permit missing delegates
                 } else {
                     throw new InternalError("Bad object in CommoundWrap: " + o);
                 }
@@ -558,8 +561,8 @@ private static class DoitMethodWrap extends CompoundWrap {
 
     private static class VarDeclareWrap extends CompoundWrap {
 
-        VarDeclareWrap(Wrap wtype, String brackets, Wrap wname) {
-            super("    public static ", wtype, brackets + " ", wname, semi(wname));
+        VarDeclareWrap(Wrap prefix, Wrap wtype, String brackets, Wrap wname) {
+            super(prefix, "    public static ", wtype, brackets + " ", wname, semi(wname));
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/jdk.jshell/share/man/jshell.md b/src/jdk.jshell/share/man/jshell.md
index 62237f1447f..71381ad094f 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jshell/share/man/jshell.md
+++ b/src/jdk.jshell/share/man/jshell.md
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-# Copyright (c) 2017, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -772,6 +772,27 @@ JShell.
     item can't be determined from what was entered, then possible options are
     provided.
 
+    Use the Tab key after entering the name of a class, interface, method, or
+    field to see the description of the class, interface, method, or field.
+    The description is based on the javadoc comment for the declaration of the
+    class, interface, method, or field, when sources for the declaration are
+    available.
+
+    The sources for the JDK classes are looked up in the JDK's sources, if they
+    can be found in the JDK installation. The sources may need to be added to
+    the JDK installation separately.
+
+    The sources of classes, interfaces, methods, and fields declared on the class path
+    or module path are looked up in the entry on the class path or module path which
+    contains the declaration. If the entry is a JAR file and it does not contain the source,
+    then the source is looked up in a JAR file with the same path and name but with `.jar`
+    replaced by `-sources.jar`, if such a file exists. For example, if `<directory>/lib.jar`
+    does not contain the source, then `<directory>/lib-sources.jar` is searched if it exists.
+
+    When searching for sources, JShell expects source files to be co-located with class files.
+    That is, the source for a given class or interface must be in a file with the same path and name
+    as the class file for the corresponding top-level class or interface, with `.class` replaced by `.java`.
+
     When entering a method call, use the Tab key after the method call's
     opening parenthesis to see the parameters for the method. If the method has
     more than one signature, then all signatures are displayed. Pressing the
diff --git a/test/langtools/jdk/internal/shellsupport/doc/JavadocHelperTest.java b/test/langtools/jdk/internal/shellsupport/doc/JavadocHelperTest.java
index 4f739d38d3d..6bd8ddf510a 100644
--- a/test/langtools/jdk/internal/shellsupport/doc/JavadocHelperTest.java
+++ b/test/langtools/jdk/internal/shellsupport/doc/JavadocHelperTest.java
@@ -516,7 +516,7 @@ private void doTestJavadoc(String origJavadoc,
 
             Element el = getElement.apply(task);
 
-            try (JavadocHelper helper = JavadocHelper.create(task, Arrays.asList(srcZip))) {
+            try (JavadocHelper helper = JavadocHelper.create(task, Arrays.asList(srcZip), _ -> null)) {
                 String javadoc = helper.getResolvedDocComment(el);
 
                 assertEquals(expectedJavadoc, javadoc);
@@ -608,7 +608,7 @@ protected void retrieveDocComments(BooleanSupplier shouldTest) throws IOExceptio
                         List<ExportsDirective> exports =
                                 ElementFilter.exportsIn(me.getDirectives());
                         for (ExportsDirective ed : exports) {
-                            try (JavadocHelper helper = JavadocHelper.create(task, sources)) {
+                            try (JavadocHelper helper = JavadocHelper.create(task, sources, _ -> null)) {
                                 List<? extends Element> content =
                                         ed.getPackage().getEnclosedElements();
                                 for (TypeElement clazz : ElementFilter.typesIn(content)) {
diff --git a/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/AnalysisTest.java b/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/AnalysisTest.java
index 478301f3fd5..3e22523e0b7 100644
--- a/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/AnalysisTest.java
+++ b/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/AnalysisTest.java
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ public void testSourceSlashStar() {
         assertAnalyze("/*zoo*/int x=3 ;/*test*/", "/*zoo*/int x=3 ;/*test*/", "", true);
         assertAnalyze("int x=3 /*;*/", "int x=3; /*;*/", "", true);
         assertAnalyze("void m5() {} /*hgjghj*/", "void m5() {} /*hgjghj*/", "", true);
+        assertAnalyze("void m5() {} /**hgjghj*/", "void m5() {} /**hgjghj*/", "", true);
         assertAnalyze("int ff; int v /*hgjghj*/", "int ff;", " int v /*hgjghj*/", true);
     }
 
@@ -65,4 +66,12 @@ public void testExpression() {
         assertAnalyze("/*zoo*/45;/*test*/", "/*zoo*/45;/*test*/", "", true);
         assertAnalyze("45/*;*/", "45/*;*/", "", true);
     }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnlyComments() {
+        assertAnalyze("/*test*/", "/*test*/", "", false);
+        assertAnalyze("/**test*/", "/**test*/", "", false);
+        assertAnalyze("//test", "//test", "", false);
+        assertAnalyze("///test", "///test", "", false);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/BinaryToSourceCodeMappingTest.java b/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/BinaryToSourceCodeMappingTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b7ff55b3fd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/BinaryToSourceCodeMappingTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,310 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8186876
+ * @summary Test binary to source mapping in completion
+ * @library /tools/lib
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.api
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.main
+ *          jdk.jdeps/com.sun.tools.javap
+ *          jdk.jshell/jdk.jshell:open
+ * @build toolbox.ToolBox toolbox.JarTask toolbox.JavacTask
+ * @build KullaTesting TestingInputStream Compiler
+ * @run junit/othervm/timeout=480 BinaryToSourceCodeMappingTest
+ */
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.Writer;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.nio.file.FileSystem;
+import java.nio.file.FileSystems;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import java.util.function.Supplier;
+import java.util.jar.JarEntry;
+import java.util.jar.JarOutputStream;
+import jdk.jshell.JShell;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInfo;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+
+public class BinaryToSourceCodeMappingTest extends KullaTesting {
+
+    private static Path classesDir;
+    private static Path transientClassesDir;
+    private static Path srcDir;
+    private static Path srcZip;
+    private static Path srcZipWithNestedPath;
+    private static Path brokenSrcZip;
+    private final TestInfo testInfo;
+    private final AtomicBoolean closeCalled = new AtomicBoolean();
+
+    public BinaryToSourceCodeMappingTest(TestInfo info) {
+        this.testInfo = info;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNull() {
+        assertJavadoc("test.inner.Test|",
+                      """
+                      test.inner.Test
+                      null""");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testReturnsNull() {
+        assertJavadoc("test.inner.Test|",
+                      """
+                      test.inner.Test
+                      null""");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSourcesAsDirectory() {
+        assertJavadoc("test.inner.Test|",
+                      """
+                      test.inner.Test
+                      Class javadoc.""");
+        assertJavadoc("test.inner.Test.test(|",
+                      """
+                      void test.inner.Test.test(int i)
+                      Test method.
+                      @param i param""");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSourcesAsZip() {
+        assertJavadoc("test.inner.Test|",
+                      """
+                      test.inner.Test
+                      Class javadoc.""");
+        assertJavadoc("test.inner.Test.test(|",
+                      """
+                      void test.inner.Test.test(int i)
+                      Test method.
+                      @param i param""");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSourcesDuplicate() {
+        //src.zip and broken-src.zip both available,
+        //only the first one should be used:
+        assertJavadoc("test.inner.Test|",
+                      """
+                      test.inner.Test
+                      Class javadoc.""");
+        assertJavadoc("test.inner.Test.test(|",
+                      """
+                      void test.inner.Test.test(int i)
+                      Test method.
+                      @param i param""");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSourcesAsZipNested() {
+        assertJavadoc("test.inner.Test|",
+                      """
+                      test.inner.Test
+                      Class javadoc.""");
+        assertJavadoc("test.inner.Test.test(|",
+                      """
+                      void test.inner.Test.test(int i)
+                      Test method.
+                      @param i param""");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testClassPathModification() {
+        assertJavadoc("test.inner.Test|",
+                      """
+                      test.inner.Test
+                      null""");
+        getState().addToClasspath(classesDir.toString());
+        assertFalse(closeCalled.get());
+        assertJavadoc("test.inner.Test|",
+                      """
+                      test.inner.Test
+                      Class javadoc.""");
+        assertTrue(closeCalled.get());
+        closeCalled.set(false);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testClosingAPIUse() {
+        getState().addToClasspath(classesDir.toString());
+        String input = "test.inner.Test";
+        AtomicReference<Supplier<String>> documentation = new AtomicReference<>();
+
+        getAnalysis().completionSuggestions(input, input.length(), (state, suggestions) -> {
+            Assertions.assertEquals(1, suggestions.size());
+            documentation.set(suggestions.get(0).documentation());
+            return List.of("");
+        });
+        //holding the documentation supplier, and using it later/outside of the convertor is OK;
+        //will open the sources, and should also close them:
+        assertFalse(closeCalled.get());
+        Assertions.assertEquals("Class javadoc.", documentation.get().get());
+        assertTrue(closeCalled.get());
+        closeCalled.set(false);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void setUp(Consumer<JShell.Builder> bc) {
+        super.setUp(bc.andThen(b -> {
+            b.binarySourceMapping(switch (testInfo.getTestMethod().orElseThrow().getName()) {
+                case "testNull" -> null;
+                case "testReturnsNull" -> _ -> null;
+                case "testSourcesAsDirectory" -> p -> classesDir.equals(p) ? List.of(srcDir) : List.of();
+                case "testSourcesAsZip" ->
+                        p -> classesDir.equals(p) ? List.of(srcZip) : List.of();
+                case "testSourcesDuplicate" ->
+                        p -> classesDir.equals(p) ? List.of(srcZip, brokenSrcZip) : List.of();
+                case "testClassPathModification", "testSourcesAsZipNested", "testClosingAPIUse" -> p -> {
+                    if (!classesDir.equals(p)) {
+                        return List.of();
+                    }
+                    try {
+                        FileSystem withNested = FileSystems.newFileSystem(srcZipWithNestedPath);
+                        class CloseableIterable extends ArrayList<Path> implements AutoCloseable {
+                            public CloseableIterable() {
+                                super(List.of(withNested.getPath("root")));
+                            }
+                            @Override
+                            public void close() throws Exception {
+                                withNested.close();
+                                closeCalled.set(true);
+                            }
+                        }
+
+                        return new CloseableIterable();
+                    } catch (IOException ex) {
+                        throw new RuntimeException(ex);
+                    }
+                };
+                default -> throw new AssertionError();
+            });
+        }));
+        if ("testClassPathModification".equals(testInfo.getTestMethod().orElseThrow().getName())) {
+            addToClasspath(transientClassesDir);
+        } else {
+            addToClasspath(classesDir);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @BeforeAll
+    public static void beforeAll() {
+        Compiler compiler = new Compiler();
+        srcDir = Paths.get("src").toAbsolutePath();
+        Path testOutDir = Paths.get("classes");
+        String input =
+                """
+                package test.inner;
+                ///Class javadoc.
+                public class Test {
+                    ///Test method.
+                    ///@param i param
+                    public static void test(int i) {
+                    }
+                }
+                """;
+        Path srcFile = srcDir.resolve("test").resolve("inner").resolve("Test.java");
+        try {
+            Files.createDirectories(srcFile.getParent());
+            try (Writer w = Files.newBufferedWriter(srcFile)) {
+                w.append(input);
+            }
+        } catch (IOException ex) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
+        }
+        compiler.compile(testOutDir, input);
+        classesDir = compiler.getPath(testOutDir);
+        Path transientClasses = Paths.get("transientClasses");
+        compiler.compile(transientClasses, input);
+        transientClassesDir = compiler.getPath(transientClasses);
+        srcZip = Paths.get("src.zip");
+        compiler.jar(srcDir, srcZip, srcDir.relativize(srcFile).toString());
+        srcZipWithNestedPath = Paths.get("srcWithNestedPath.zip");
+        Path srcDir2 = Paths.get("src2").toAbsolutePath();
+        Path srcFile2 = srcDir2.resolve("root").resolve("test").resolve("inner").resolve("Test.java");
+        try {
+            Files.createDirectories(srcFile2.getParent());
+            try (Writer w = Files.newBufferedWriter(srcFile2)) {
+                w.append(input);
+            }
+        } catch (IOException ex) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
+        }
+        compiler.jar(srcDir2, srcZipWithNestedPath, srcDir2.relativize(srcFile2).toString());
+
+        brokenSrcZip = Paths.get("broken-src.zip");
+
+        try (JarOutputStream out = new JarOutputStream(Files.newOutputStream(brokenSrcZip))) {
+            out.putNextEntry(new JarEntry("test/inner/Test.java"));
+            out.write("""
+                      package test.inner;
+                      ///broken
+                      public class Test {
+                          ///broken
+                          ///@param i broken
+                          public static void test(int i) {
+                          }
+                      }
+                      """.getBytes());
+        } catch (IOException ex) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void tearDownDone() {
+        switch(testInfo.getTestMethod().orElseThrow().getName()) {
+            case "testSourcesAsZipNested" -> assertTrue(closeCalled.get());
+            case "testClassPathModification", "testClosingAPIUse" -> assertFalse(closeCalled.get());
+        }
+        super.tearDownDone();
+    }
+
+    static {
+        try {
+            //disable reading of paramater names, to improve stability:
+            Class<?> analysisClass = Class.forName("jdk.jshell.SourceCodeAnalysisImpl");
+            Field params = analysisClass.getDeclaredField("COMPLETION_EXTRA_PARAMETERS");
+            params.setAccessible(true);
+            params.set(null, List.of());
+        } catch (ReflectiveOperationException ex) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/CompletenessTest.java b/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/CompletenessTest.java
index 1d57aef8210..f938a74d8a0 100644
--- a/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/CompletenessTest.java
+++ b/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/CompletenessTest.java
@@ -229,6 +229,19 @@ public class CompletenessTest extends KullaTesting {
         "void t(int i) { int v = switch (i) { case 0 -> throw new IllegalStateException();",
     };
 
+    static final String[] empty = new String[] {
+        "    ",
+        "/*comment*/",
+        "/**/",
+        "//",
+    };
+
+    static final String[] prefix = new String[] {
+        "/**comment*/",
+        "/***/",
+        "///comment",
+    };
+
     static final String[] unknown = new String[] {
         "new ;",
         "\"",
@@ -259,6 +272,7 @@ private void assertStatus(String input, Completeness status, String source) {
                 break;
 
             case EMPTY:
+            case PREFIX:
             case COMPLETE:
             case UNKNOWN:
                 augSrc = source;
@@ -301,6 +315,16 @@ public void test_definitely_incomplete() {
         assertStatus(definitely_incomplete, DEFINITELY_INCOMPLETE);
     }
 
+    @Test
+    public void test_prefix() {
+        assertStatus(prefix, PREFIX);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_empty() {
+        assertStatus(empty, EMPTY);
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void test_unknown() {
         assertStatus(definitely_incomplete, DEFINITELY_INCOMPLETE);
diff --git a/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/CompletionAPITest.java b/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/CompletionAPITest.java
index 932482ce6dc..f5bc205c208 100644
--- a/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/CompletionAPITest.java
+++ b/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/CompletionAPITest.java
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
 import java.util.function.BiConsumer;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
 import java.util.function.Supplier;
 import java.util.jar.JarEntry;
 import java.util.jar.JarOutputStream;
@@ -59,6 +60,7 @@
 import javax.lang.model.element.QualifiedNameable;
 import javax.lang.model.element.TypeElement;
 import javax.lang.model.type.DeclaredType;
+import jdk.jshell.JShell;
 import jdk.jshell.SourceCodeAnalysis.CompletionContext;
 import jdk.jshell.SourceCodeAnalysis.CompletionState;
 import jdk.jshell.SourceCodeAnalysis.ElementSuggestion;
@@ -266,8 +268,6 @@ private Path prepareZip() {
                 "public class JShellTest {\n" +
                 "}\n";
 
-        Path srcZip = Paths.get("src.zip");
-
         try (JarOutputStream out = new JarOutputStream(Files.newOutputStream(srcZip))) {
             out.putNextEntry(new JarEntry("jshelltest/JShellTest.java"));
             out.write(clazz.getBytes());
@@ -277,18 +277,15 @@ private Path prepareZip() {
 
         compiler.compile(clazz);
 
-        try {
-            Field availableSources = Class.forName("jdk.jshell.SourceCodeAnalysisImpl").getDeclaredField("availableSourcesOverride");
-            availableSources.setAccessible(true);
-            availableSources.set(null, Arrays.asList(srcZip));
-        } catch (NoSuchFieldException | IllegalArgumentException | IllegalAccessException | ClassNotFoundException ex) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
-        }
-
         return compiler.getClassDir();
     }
     //where:
         private final Compiler compiler = new Compiler();
+        private final Path srcZip = Paths.get("src.zip");
+
+    public void setUp(Consumer<JShell.Builder> bc) {
+        super.setUp(bc.andThen(b -> b.binarySourceMapping(p -> compiler.getClassDir().equals(p) ? List.of(srcZip) : null)));
+    }
 
     static {
         try {
diff --git a/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/CompletionSuggestionTest.java b/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/CompletionSuggestionTest.java
index 7a960258cc1..44f21c4675e 100644
--- a/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/CompletionSuggestionTest.java
+++ b/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/CompletionSuggestionTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -782,13 +782,13 @@ public void setUp() {
             throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
         }
 
-        try {
-            Field availableSources = getAnalysis().getClass().getDeclaredField("availableSources");
-            availableSources.setAccessible(true);
-            availableSources.set(getAnalysis(), Arrays.asList(srcZip));
-        } catch (NoSuchFieldException | IllegalArgumentException | IllegalAccessException ex) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
-        }
+        setJDKSourcesOverride(List.of(srcZip));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void tearDown() {
+        setJDKSourcesOverride(null);
+        super.tearDown();
     }
 
     private void dontReadParameterNamesFromClassFile() throws Exception {
@@ -953,6 +953,17 @@ public void testMultiSnippet() {
         assertSignature("void f() { } f(|", "void f()");
     }
 
+    private static void setJDKSourcesOverride(List<Path> paths) throws IllegalStateException {
+        try {
+            //to ensure test stability, don't use JDK's src.zip:
+            Field availableSources = Class.forName("jdk.jshell.SourceCodeAnalysisImpl").getDeclaredField("jdkSourcesOverride");
+            availableSources.setAccessible(true);
+            availableSources.set(null, paths);
+        } catch (NoSuchFieldException | IllegalArgumentException | IllegalAccessException | ClassNotFoundException ex) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
+        }
+    }
+
     static {
         try {
             //disable reading of paramater names, to improve stability:
diff --git a/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/JavadocTest.java b/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/JavadocTest.java
index 463c23a4f31..3f25d1f11c5 100644
--- a/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/JavadocTest.java
+++ b/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/JavadocTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -39,9 +39,10 @@
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.nio.file.Paths;
-import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
 import java.util.jar.JarEntry;
 import java.util.jar.JarOutputStream;
+import jdk.jshell.Snippet.Status;
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
@@ -98,13 +99,7 @@ private void prepareZip() {
 
         compiler.compile(clazz);
 
-        try {
-            Field availableSources = getAnalysis().getClass().getDeclaredField("availableSources");
-            availableSources.setAccessible(true);
-            availableSources.set(getAnalysis(), Arrays.asList(srcZip));
-        } catch (NoSuchFieldException | IllegalArgumentException | IllegalAccessException ex) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
-        }
+        setJDKSourcesOverride(List.of(srcZip));
         addToClasspath(compiler.getClassDir());
     }
 
@@ -147,13 +142,169 @@ private void prepareJavaUtilZip() {
             throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
         }
 
+        setJDKSourcesOverride(List.of(srcZip));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testJavadocFromSnippets() {
+        assertEval("""
+                   /**SnippetClazz top level.*/
+                   class SnippetClazz {
+                       /**Method javadoc.*/
+                       public static void test() {}
+                       /**SnippetClazzNested nested.*/
+                       static class SnippetClazzNested {
+                           /**Nested method javadoc.*/
+                           public static void nestedMethod() {}
+                       }
+                   }
+                   """);
+        assertEval("""
+                   /**topLevel method.*/
+                   void topLevel(SnippetClazz clazz) {}
+                   """);
+        assertEval("""
+                   /**topLevel variable.*/
+                   int variable = 0;
+                   """);
+        assertJavadoc("SnippetClazz|",
+                      """
+                      SnippetClazz
+                      SnippetClazz top level.""");
+        assertJavadoc("SnippetClazz.SnippetClazzNested|",
+                      """
+                      SnippetClazz.SnippetClazzNested
+                      SnippetClazzNested nested.""");
+        assertJavadoc("SnippetClazz.test(|",
+                      """
+                      void SnippetClazz.test()
+                      Method javadoc.""");
+        assertJavadoc("SnippetClazz.SnippetClazzNested.nestedMethod(|",
+                      """
+                      void SnippetClazz.SnippetClazzNested.nestedMethod()
+                      Nested method javadoc.""");
+        assertJavadoc("topLevel(|",
+                      """
+                      void topLevel(SnippetClazz clazz)
+                      topLevel method.""");
+        assertJavadoc("variable|",
+                      """
+                      variable:int
+                      topLevel variable.""");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testJavadocFromSnippetsMarkdown() {
+        assertEval("""
+                   ///SnippetClazz top level.
+                   class SnippetClazz {
+                       ///Method javadoc.
+                       public static void test() {}
+                       ///SnippetClazzNested nested.
+                       static class SnippetClazzNested {
+                           ///Nested method javadoc.
+                           public static void nestedMethod() {}
+                           }
+                   }
+                   """);
+        assertEval("""
+                   ///topLevel method.
+                   public static void topLevel(SnippetClazz clazz) {}
+                   """);
+        assertEval("""
+                   ///topLevel variable.
+                   int variable = 0;
+                   """);
+        assertJavadoc("SnippetClazz|",
+                      """
+                      SnippetClazz
+                      SnippetClazz top level.""");
+        assertJavadoc("SnippetClazz.SnippetClazzNested|",
+                      """
+                      SnippetClazz.SnippetClazzNested
+                      SnippetClazzNested nested.""");
+        assertJavadoc("SnippetClazz.test(|",
+                      """
+                      void SnippetClazz.test()
+                      Method javadoc.""");
+        assertJavadoc("SnippetClazz.SnippetClazzNested.nestedMethod(|",
+                      """
+                      void SnippetClazz.SnippetClazzNested.nestedMethod()
+                      Nested method javadoc.""");
+        assertJavadoc("topLevel(|",
+                      """
+                      void topLevel(SnippetClazz clazz)
+                      topLevel method.""");
+        assertJavadoc("variable|",
+                      """
+                      variable:int
+                      topLevel variable.""");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOverrideSnippet() {
+        var originalClass =
+            classKey(assertEval("""
+                                ///bad javadoc
+                                class SnippetClazz {
+                                }
+                                """));
+        assertEval("""
+                   ///SnippetClazz top level.
+                   class SnippetClazz implements java.io.Serializable {
+                   }
+                   """,
+                   ste(MAIN_SNIPPET, Status.VALID, Status.VALID, true, null),
+                   ste(originalClass, Status.VALID, Status.OVERWRITTEN, false, MAIN_SNIPPET));
+        var originalMethod=
+            methodKey(assertEval("""
+                                 ///bad javadoc
+                                 public static void topLevel(SnippetClazz clazz) {}
+                                 """));
+        assertEval("""
+                   ///topLevel method.
+                   public static String topLevel(SnippetClazz clazz) { return ""; }
+                   """,
+                   ste(MAIN_SNIPPET, Status.VALID, Status.VALID, true, null),
+                   ste(originalMethod, Status.VALID, Status.OVERWRITTEN, false, MAIN_SNIPPET));
+        var originalVar =
+            varKey(assertEval("""
+                              ///bad javadoc
+                              int variable = 0;
+                              """));
+        assertEval("""
+                   ///topLevel variable.
+                   String variable = "";
+                   """,
+                   ste(MAIN_SNIPPET, Status.VALID, Status.VALID, true, null),
+                   ste(originalVar, Status.VALID, Status.OVERWRITTEN, false, MAIN_SNIPPET));
+        assertJavadoc("SnippetClazz|",
+                      """
+                      SnippetClazz
+                      SnippetClazz top level.""");
+        assertJavadoc("topLevel(|",
+                      """
+                      String topLevel(SnippetClazz clazz)
+                      topLevel method.""");
+        assertJavadoc("variable|",
+                      """
+                      variable:java.lang.String
+                      topLevel variable.""");
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void tearDown() {
+        setJDKSourcesOverride(null);
+        super.tearDown();
+    }
+
+    private void setJDKSourcesOverride(List<Path> override) {
         try {
-            Field availableSources = getAnalysis().getClass().getDeclaredField("availableSources");
+            Field availableSources = getAnalysis().getClass().getDeclaredField("jdkSourcesOverride");
             availableSources.setAccessible(true);
-            availableSources.set(getAnalysis(), Arrays.asList(srcZip));
+            availableSources.set(getAnalysis(), override);
         } catch (NoSuchFieldException | IllegalArgumentException | IllegalAccessException ex) {
             throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
         }
     }
-
 }
diff --git a/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/KullaTesting.java b/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/KullaTesting.java
index 8b62ce69a4c..c9e531cd84c 100644
--- a/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/KullaTesting.java
+++ b/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/KullaTesting.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -210,8 +210,11 @@ public void tearDown() {
         analysis = null;
         allSnippets = null;
         idToSnippet = null;
+        tearDownDone();
     }
 
+    protected void tearDownDone() {}
+
     public ClassLoader createAndRunFromModule(String moduleName, Path modPath) {
         ModuleFinder finder = ModuleFinder.of(modPath);
         ModuleLayer parent = ModuleLayer.boot();
diff --git a/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/ToolSimpleTest.java b/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/ToolSimpleTest.java
index 39ce248a521..dc792137663 100644
--- a/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/ToolSimpleTest.java
+++ b/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/ToolSimpleTest.java
@@ -73,6 +73,8 @@ public void testOpenComment() {
         test(
                 (a) -> assertCommand(a, "int z = /* blah", ""),
                 (a) -> assertCommand(a, "baz */ 5", "z ==> 5"),
+                (a) -> assertCommand(a, "/* hoge ", ""),
+                (a) -> assertCommand(a, "baz **/", ""),
                 (a) -> assertCommand(a, "/** hoge ", ""),
                 (a) -> assertCommand(a, "baz **/", ""),
                 (a) -> assertCommand(a, "int v", "v ==> 0")
diff --git a/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/ToolTabSnippetTest.java b/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/ToolTabSnippetTest.java
index 112208c40b3..3eb709f52f4 100644
--- a/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/ToolTabSnippetTest.java
+++ b/test/langtools/jdk/jshell/ToolTabSnippetTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -38,17 +38,22 @@
  */
 
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.nio.file.Paths;
-import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
 import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
 import java.util.jar.JarEntry;
 import java.util.jar.JarOutputStream;
 
 import jdk.internal.jshell.tool.ConsoleIOContextTestSupport;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ValueSource;
 
 public class ToolTabSnippetTest extends UITesting {
 
@@ -56,9 +61,10 @@ public ToolTabSnippetTest() {
         super(true);
     }
 
-    @Test
-    public void testExpression() throws Exception {
-        Path classes = prepareZip();
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @ValueSource(booleans={false, true})
+    public void testExpression(boolean createCombinedJar) throws Exception {
+        Path classes = prepareZip(createCombinedJar);
         doRunTest((inputSink, out) -> {
             inputSink.write("/env -class-path " + classes.toString() + "\n");
             waitOutput(out, resource("jshell.msg.set.restore") + "\n\\u001B\\[\\?2004h" + PROMPT);
@@ -278,7 +284,7 @@ public void testCrash8221759() throws Exception {
         });
     }
 
-    private Path prepareZip() {
+    private Path prepareZip(boolean createCombinedJar) {
         String clazz1 =
                 "package jshelltest;\n" +
                 "/**JShellTest 0" +
@@ -308,28 +314,80 @@ private Path prepareZip() {
                 "    public JShellTestAux(String str, int i) { }\n" +
                 "}\n";
 
-        Path srcZip = Paths.get("src.zip");
+        if (createCombinedJar) {
+            Path combinedJar = Paths.get("combined.jar");
 
-        try (JarOutputStream out = new JarOutputStream(Files.newOutputStream(srcZip))) {
-            out.putNextEntry(new JarEntry("jshelltest/JShellTest.java"));
-            out.write(clazz1.getBytes());
-            out.putNextEntry(new JarEntry("jshelltest/JShellTestAux.java"));
-            out.write(clazz2.getBytes());
-        } catch (IOException ex) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
-        }
+            try (JarOutputStream out = new JarOutputStream(Files.newOutputStream(combinedJar))) {
+                out.putNextEntry(new JarEntry("jshelltest/JShellTest.java"));
+                out.write(clazz1.getBytes());
+                out.putNextEntry(new JarEntry("jshelltest/JShellTestAux.java"));
+                out.write(clazz2.getBytes());
 
-        compiler.compile(clazz1, clazz2);
+                compiler.compile(clazz1, clazz2);
 
-        try {
-            Field availableSources = Class.forName("jdk.jshell.SourceCodeAnalysisImpl").getDeclaredField("availableSourcesOverride");
-            availableSources.setAccessible(true);
-            availableSources.set(null, Arrays.asList(srcZip));
-        } catch (NoSuchFieldException | IllegalArgumentException | IllegalAccessException | ClassNotFoundException ex) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
-        }
+                for (String clazz : new String[] {"jshelltest/JShellTest.class", "jshelltest/JShellTestAux.class"}) {
+                    out.putNextEntry(new JarEntry(clazz));
 
-        return compiler.getClassDir();
+                    try (InputStream in = Files.newInputStream(compiler.getClassDir().resolve(clazz))) {
+                        in.transferTo(out);
+                    }
+                }
+            } catch (IOException ex) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
+            }
+
+            //create a broken combined-sources.jar, which should not be used:
+            Path srcZip = Paths.get("combined-sources.jar");
+
+            try (JarOutputStream out = new JarOutputStream(Files.newOutputStream(srcZip))) {
+                out.putNextEntry(new JarEntry("jshelltest/JShellTest.java"));
+                out.write("""
+                          package jshelltest;
+                          /** wrong */
+                          public class JShellTest {
+                              /** wrong
+                               */
+                              public JShellTest(String str) {}
+                              /**JShellTest 2     */
+                              public JShellTest(String str, int i) {}
+                          }
+                          """.getBytes());
+
+                out.putNextEntry(new JarEntry("jshelltest/JShellTestAux.java"));
+                out.write("""
+                          package jshelltest;
+                          /** wrong */
+                          public class JShellTestAux {
+                              /** wrong */
+                              public JShellTestAux(String str) { }
+                              /** wrong */
+                              public JShellTestAux(String str, int i) { }
+                          }
+                          """.getBytes());
+            } catch (IOException ex) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
+            }
+
+            return combinedJar;
+        } else {
+            Path srcZip = Paths.get("test-sources.jar");
+
+            try (JarOutputStream out = new JarOutputStream(Files.newOutputStream(srcZip))) {
+                out.putNextEntry(new JarEntry("jshelltest/JShellTest.java"));
+                out.write(clazz1.getBytes());
+                out.putNextEntry(new JarEntry("jshelltest/JShellTestAux.java"));
+                out.write(clazz2.getBytes());
+            } catch (IOException ex) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
+            }
+
+            compiler.compile(clazz1, clazz2);
+
+            Path binaryJar = Paths.get("test.jar");
+            compiler.jar(compiler.getClassDir(), binaryJar, "jshelltest/JShellTest.class", "jshelltest/JShellTestAux.class");
+
+            return binaryJar;
+        }
     }
     //where:
         private final Compiler compiler = new Compiler();
@@ -364,4 +422,25 @@ public void testAnnotation() throws Exception {
             waitOutput(out, "CL\\u001B\\[2Djava.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.CLASS \\u0008");
         });
     }
+
+    @BeforeAll
+    public static void noJDKSources() {
+        setJDKSourcesOverride(List.of());
+    }
+
+    @AfterAll
+    public static void restoreJDKSources() {
+        setJDKSourcesOverride(null);
+    }
+
+    private static void setJDKSourcesOverride(List<Path> paths) throws IllegalStateException {
+        try {
+            //to ensure test stability, don't use JDK's src.zip:
+            Field availableSources = Class.forName("jdk.jshell.SourceCodeAnalysisImpl").getDeclaredField("jdkSourcesOverride");
+            availableSources.setAccessible(true);
+            availableSources.set(null, paths);
+        } catch (NoSuchFieldException | IllegalArgumentException | IllegalAccessException | ClassNotFoundException ex) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
+        }
+    }
 }

From bb531919d6f9c2caafc823737950d34395d14cc3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthew Donovan <mdonovan@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 20 Jul 2026 13:35:29 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 290/707] 8376599: Update Cipher/PBE/PBEKeyTest.java for
 non-ASCII characters

Reviewed-by: rhalade
---
 .../provider/Cipher/PBE/PBEKeyTest.java       | 32 +++++++++++--------
 1 file changed, 18 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/com/sun/crypto/provider/Cipher/PBE/PBEKeyTest.java b/test/jdk/com/sun/crypto/provider/Cipher/PBE/PBEKeyTest.java
index 9091480fae0..c6284135a70 100644
--- a/test/jdk/com/sun/crypto/provider/Cipher/PBE/PBEKeyTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/com/sun/crypto/provider/Cipher/PBE/PBEKeyTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2007, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 0000000
+ * @bug 8348732
  * @summary test PBEKey
  * @author Jan Luehe
  */
@@ -39,22 +39,26 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
 
         // Valid password
         char[] pass = new char[] { 'p', 'a', 's', 's', 'w', 'o', 'r', 'd' };
+        testPassword(pass, fac, "ASCII password", true);
+
+        pass = new char[] { 'p', 'a', 's', 's', 'w', 'o', 'r', '\u0019' };
+        testPassword(pass, fac, "non-visible characters", true);
+
+        pass = new char[] { 'p', 'a', 's', 's', 'w', 'o', 'r', (char)0xff };
+        testPassword(pass, fac, "non-ASCII characters", false);
+    }
+
+    private static void testPassword(char[] pass, SecretKeyFactory fac, String desc,
+                                     boolean expectPass) throws Exception {
         PBEKeySpec spec = new PBEKeySpec(pass);
         SecretKey skey = fac.generateSecret(spec);
         KeySpec spec1 = fac.getKeySpec(skey, PBEKeySpec.class);
         SecretKey skey1 = fac.generateSecret(spec1);
-        if (!skey.equals(skey1))
-            throw new Exception("Equal keys not equal");
-        System.out.println(new String(((PBEKeySpec)spec1).getPassword()));
-
-        // Invalid password
-        pass = new char[] { 'p', 'a', 's', 's', 'w', 'o', 'r', '\u0019' };
-        spec = new PBEKeySpec(pass);
-        try {
-            skey = fac.generateSecret(spec);
-            throw new Exception("Expected exception not thrown");
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            System.out.println("Expected exception thrown");
+        if (expectPass && !skey.equals(skey1)) {
+            throw new Exception(desc + ": Equal keys not equal");
+        } else if (!expectPass && skey.equals(skey1)) {
+            throw new Exception(desc + ": Keys should not be the same but are!");
         }
+        System.out.println(new String(((PBEKeySpec)spec1).getPassword()));
     }
 }

From 436e3647cb8f51e602cd211126e7ca70a3af696e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Gredler <dgredler@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 20 Jul 2026 15:18:18 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 291/707] 8387375: Update package sun.font to use instanceof
 pattern variable

Reviewed-by: prr, psadhukhan
---
 .../macosx/classes/sun/font/CFont.java        |   6 +-
 .../macosx/classes/sun/font/CFontManager.java |   6 +-
 .../macosx/classes/sun/font/CStrike.java      |   4 +-
 .../classes/sun/font/AttributeValues.java     | 118 +++++++-----------
 .../share/classes/sun/font/CompositeFont.java |  27 ++--
 .../share/classes/sun/font/CoreMetrics.java   |  46 +++----
 .../share/classes/sun/font/Decoration.java    |  53 ++------
 .../classes/sun/font/FontDesignMetrics.java   |  12 +-
 .../share/classes/sun/font/FontFamily.java    |  18 +--
 .../classes/sun/font/FontLineMetrics.java     |   8 +-
 .../classes/sun/font/FontStrikeDesc.java      |  19 ++-
 .../share/classes/sun/font/FontUtilities.java |  13 +-
 .../classes/sun/font/FreetypeFontScaler.java  |   9 +-
 .../share/classes/sun/font/GlyphLayout.java   |  27 ++--
 .../share/classes/sun/font/PhysicalFont.java  |  16 +--
 .../classes/sun/font/StandardGlyphVector.java |  99 +++++++--------
 .../share/classes/sun/font/StrikeCache.java   |   5 +-
 .../classes/sun/font/SunFontManager.java      |  24 ++--
 .../share/classes/sun/font/TrueTypeFont.java  |  15 ++-
 .../share/classes/sun/font/Type1Font.java     |   6 +-
 .../classes/sun/font/FontConfigManager.java   |  14 +--
 .../unix/classes/sun/font/NativeFont.java     |   6 +-
 22 files changed, 224 insertions(+), 327 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/sun/font/CFont.java b/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/sun/font/CFont.java
index 76409fb0b6a..8340c692ffa 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/sun/font/CFont.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/sun/font/CFont.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -306,8 +306,8 @@ public boolean equals(Object o) {
          if (!super.equals(o)) {
              return false;
          }
-
-         return ((Font2D)o).getStyle() == this.getStyle();
+         return o instanceof Font2D other &&
+             other.getStyle() == this.getStyle();
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/sun/font/CFontManager.java b/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/sun/font/CFontManager.java
index 6504b71a27f..0ad0562a8a1 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/sun/font/CFontManager.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/sun/font/CFontManager.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -288,8 +288,8 @@ protected boolean cloneStyledFont(FontFamily realFamily, String logicalFamilyNam
     public String getFontPath(boolean noType1Fonts) {
         // In the case of the Cocoa toolkit, since we go through NSFont, we don't need to register /Library/Fonts
         Toolkit tk = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit();
-        if (tk instanceof HeadlessToolkit) {
-            tk = ((HeadlessToolkit)tk).getUnderlyingToolkit();
+        if (tk instanceof HeadlessToolkit htk) {
+            tk = htk.getUnderlyingToolkit();
         }
         if (tk instanceof LWCToolkit) {
             return "";
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/sun/font/CStrike.java b/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/sun/font/CStrike.java
index f7fa00070ff..2003b9e3e68 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/sun/font/CStrike.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/sun/font/CStrike.java
@@ -194,8 +194,8 @@ Rectangle2D.Float getGlyphOutlineBounds(int glyphCode) {
         GeneralPath gp = getGlyphOutline(glyphCode, 0f, 0f);
         Rectangle2D r2d = gp.getBounds2D();
         Rectangle2D.Float r2df;
-        if (r2d instanceof Rectangle2D.Float) {
-            r2df = (Rectangle2D.Float)r2d;
+        if (r2d instanceof Rectangle2D.Float rf) {
+            r2df = rf;
         } else {
             float x = (float)r2d.getX();
             float y = (float)r2d.getY();
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/AttributeValues.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/AttributeValues.java
index 47acd035e4b..cc00b991736 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/AttributeValues.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/AttributeValues.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2004, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Hashtable;
+import java.util.Objects;
 
 public final class AttributeValues implements Cloneable {
     private int defined;
@@ -309,11 +310,9 @@ public AttributeValues merge(Map<? extends Attribute, ?>map) {
         return merge(map, MASK_ALL);
     }
 
-    public AttributeValues merge(Map<? extends Attribute, ?>map,
-                                 int mask) {
-        if (map instanceof AttributeMap &&
-            ((AttributeMap) map).getValues() != null) {
-            merge(((AttributeMap)map).getValues(), mask);
+    public AttributeValues merge(Map<? extends Attribute, ?> map, int mask) {
+        if (map instanceof AttributeMap am && am.getValues() != null) {
+            merge(am.getValues(), mask);
         } else if (map != null && !map.isEmpty()) {
             for (Map.Entry<? extends Attribute, ?> e: map.entrySet()) {
                 try {
@@ -393,15 +392,10 @@ public static boolean is16Hashtable(Hashtable<Object, Object> ht) {
                 Object val = e.getValue();
                 if (key.equals(DEFINED_KEY)) {
                     result.defineAll(((Integer)val).intValue());
-                } else {
-                    try {
-                        EAttribute ea =
-                            EAttribute.forAttribute((Attribute)key);
-                        if (ea != null) {
-                            result.set(ea, val);
-                        }
-                    }
-                    catch (ClassCastException ex) {
+                } else if (key instanceof Attribute attr) {
+                    EAttribute ea = EAttribute.forAttribute(attr);
+                    if (ea != null) {
+                        result.set(ea, val);
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -436,24 +430,15 @@ public int hashCode() {
         return defined << 8 ^ nondefault;
     }
 
-    public boolean equals(Object rhs) {
-        try {
-            return equals((AttributeValues)rhs);
-        }
-        catch (ClassCastException e) {
-        }
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    public boolean equals(AttributeValues rhs) {
+    public boolean equals(Object o) {
         // test in order of most likely to differ and easiest to compare
         // also assumes we're generally calling this only if family,
         // size, weight, posture are the same
-
-        if (rhs == null) return false;
-        if (rhs == this) return true;
-
-        return defined == rhs.defined
+        if (o == this) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return o instanceof AttributeValues rhs
+            && defined == rhs.defined
             && nondefault == rhs.nondefault
             && underline == rhs.underline
             && strikethrough == rhs.strikethrough
@@ -465,19 +450,19 @@ public boolean equals(AttributeValues rhs) {
             && runDirection == rhs.runDirection
             && bidiEmbedding == rhs.bidiEmbedding
             && swapColors == rhs.swapColors
-            && equals(transform, rhs.transform)
-            && equals(foreground, rhs.foreground)
-            && equals(background, rhs.background)
-            && equals(numericShaping, rhs.numericShaping)
-            && equals(justification, rhs.justification)
-            && equals(charReplacement, rhs.charReplacement)
+            && Objects.equals(transform, rhs.transform)
+            && Objects.equals(foreground, rhs.foreground)
+            && Objects.equals(background, rhs.background)
+            && Objects.equals(numericShaping, rhs.numericShaping)
+            && Objects.equals(justification, rhs.justification)
+            && Objects.equals(charReplacement, rhs.charReplacement)
             && size == rhs.size
             && weight == rhs.weight
             && posture == rhs.posture
-            && equals(family, rhs.family)
-            && equals(font, rhs.font)
+            && Objects.equals(family, rhs.family)
+            && Objects.equals(font, rhs.font)
             && imUnderline == rhs.imUnderline
-            && equals(imHighlight, rhs.imHighlight);
+            && Objects.equals(imHighlight, rhs.imHighlight);
     }
 
     public AttributeValues clone() {
@@ -549,10 +534,6 @@ public String toString() {
 
     // internal utilities
 
-    private static boolean equals(Object lhs, Object rhs) {
-        return lhs == null ? rhs == null : lhs.equals(rhs);
-    }
-
     private void update(EAttribute a) {
         defined |= a.mask;
         if (i_validate(a)) {
@@ -599,26 +580,26 @@ private void i_set(EAttribute a, AttributeValues src) {
 
     private boolean i_equals(EAttribute a, AttributeValues src) {
         switch (a) {
-        case EFAMILY: return equals(family, src.family);
+        case EFAMILY: return Objects.equals(family, src.family);
         case EWEIGHT: return weight == src.weight;
         case EWIDTH: return width == src.width;
         case EPOSTURE: return posture == src.posture;
         case ESIZE: return size == src.size;
-        case ETRANSFORM: return equals(transform, src.transform);
+        case ETRANSFORM: return Objects.equals(transform, src.transform);
         case ESUPERSCRIPT: return superscript == src.superscript;
-        case EFONT: return equals(font, src.font);
-        case ECHAR_REPLACEMENT: return equals(charReplacement, src.charReplacement);
-        case EFOREGROUND: return equals(foreground, src.foreground);
-        case EBACKGROUND: return equals(background, src.background);
+        case EFONT: return Objects.equals(font, src.font);
+        case ECHAR_REPLACEMENT: return Objects.equals(charReplacement, src.charReplacement);
+        case EFOREGROUND: return Objects.equals(foreground, src.foreground);
+        case EBACKGROUND: return Objects.equals(background, src.background);
         case EUNDERLINE: return underline == src.underline;
         case ESTRIKETHROUGH: return strikethrough == src.strikethrough;
         case ERUN_DIRECTION: return runDirection == src.runDirection;
         case EBIDI_EMBEDDING: return bidiEmbedding == src.bidiEmbedding;
         case EJUSTIFICATION: return justification == src.justification;
-        case EINPUT_METHOD_HIGHLIGHT: return equals(imHighlight, src.imHighlight);
+        case EINPUT_METHOD_HIGHLIGHT: return Objects.equals(imHighlight, src.imHighlight);
         case EINPUT_METHOD_UNDERLINE: return imUnderline == src.imUnderline;
         case ESWAP_COLORS: return swapColors == src.swapColors;
-        case ENUMERIC_SHAPING: return equals(numericShaping, src.numericShaping);
+        case ENUMERIC_SHAPING: return Objects.equals(numericShaping, src.numericShaping);
         case EKERNING: return kerning == src.kerning;
         case ELIGATURES: return ligatures == src.ligatures;
         case ETRACKING: return tracking == src.tracking;
@@ -634,8 +615,7 @@ private void i_set(EAttribute a, Object o) {
         case EPOSTURE: posture = ((Number)o).floatValue(); break;
         case ESIZE: size = ((Number)o).floatValue(); break;
         case ETRANSFORM: {
-            if (o instanceof TransformAttribute) {
-                TransformAttribute ta = (TransformAttribute)o;
+            if (o instanceof TransformAttribute ta) {
                 if (ta.isIdentity()) {
                     transform = null;
                 } else {
@@ -663,8 +643,7 @@ private void i_set(EAttribute a, Object o) {
         case EBIDI_EMBEDDING: bidiEmbedding = (byte)((Integer)o).intValue(); break;
         case EJUSTIFICATION: justification = ((Number)o).floatValue(); break;
         case EINPUT_METHOD_HIGHLIGHT: {
-            if (o instanceof Annotation) {
-                Annotation at = (Annotation)o;
+            if (o instanceof Annotation at) {
                 imHighlight = (InputMethodHighlight)at.getValue();
             } else {
                 imHighlight = (InputMethodHighlight)o;
@@ -759,9 +738,8 @@ private boolean i_validate(EAttribute a) {
     // Plan to remove these.
     public static float getJustification(Map<?, ?> map) {
         if (map != null) {
-            if (map instanceof AttributeMap &&
-                ((AttributeMap) map).getValues() != null) {
-                return ((AttributeMap)map).getValues().justification;
+            if (map instanceof AttributeMap am && am.getValues() != null) {
+                return am.getValues().justification;
             }
             Object obj = map.get(TextAttribute.JUSTIFICATION);
             if (obj instanceof Number number) {
@@ -773,9 +751,8 @@ public static float getJustification(Map<?, ?> map) {
 
     public static NumericShaper getNumericShaping(Map<?, ?> map) {
         if (map != null) {
-            if (map instanceof AttributeMap &&
-                ((AttributeMap) map).getValues() != null) {
-                return ((AttributeMap)map).getValues().numericShaping;
+            if (map instanceof AttributeMap am && am.getValues() != null) {
+                return am.getValues().numericShaping;
             }
             Object obj = map.get(TextAttribute.NUMERIC_SHAPING);
             if (obj instanceof NumericShaper shaper) {
@@ -792,8 +769,8 @@ public static NumericShaper getNumericShaping(Map<?, ?> map) {
     public AttributeValues applyIMHighlight() {
         if (imHighlight != null) {
             InputMethodHighlight hl = null;
-            if (imHighlight instanceof InputMethodHighlight) {
-                hl = (InputMethodHighlight)imHighlight;
+            if (imHighlight instanceof InputMethodHighlight imh) {
+                hl = imh;
             } else {
                 hl = (InputMethodHighlight)((Annotation)imHighlight).getValue();
             }
@@ -816,9 +793,8 @@ public AttributeValues applyIMHighlight() {
     public static AffineTransform getBaselineTransform(Map<?, ?> map) {
         if (map != null) {
             AttributeValues av = null;
-            if (map instanceof AttributeMap &&
-                ((AttributeMap) map).getValues() != null) {
-                av = ((AttributeMap)map).getValues();
+            if (map instanceof AttributeMap am && am.getValues() != null) {
+                av = am.getValues();
             } else if (map.get(TextAttribute.TRANSFORM) != null) {
                 av = AttributeValues.fromMap((Map<Attribute, ?>)map); // yuck
             }
@@ -833,9 +809,8 @@ public static AffineTransform getBaselineTransform(Map<?, ?> map) {
     public static AffineTransform getCharTransform(Map<?, ?> map) {
         if (map != null) {
             AttributeValues av = null;
-            if (map instanceof AttributeMap &&
-                ((AttributeMap) map).getValues() != null) {
-                av = ((AttributeMap)map).getValues();
+            if (map instanceof AttributeMap am && am.getValues() != null) {
+                av = am.getValues();
             } else if (map.get(TextAttribute.TRANSFORM) != null) {
                 av = AttributeValues.fromMap((Map<Attribute, ?>)map); // yuck
             }
@@ -850,9 +825,8 @@ public static AffineTransform getCharTransform(Map<?, ?> map) {
     public static float getTracking(Map<?, ?> map) {
         if (map != null) {
             AttributeValues av = null;
-            if (map instanceof AttributeMap &&
-                    ((AttributeMap) map).getValues() != null) {
-                av = ((AttributeMap)map).getValues();
+            if (map instanceof AttributeMap am && am.getValues() != null) {
+                av = am.getValues();
             } else if (map.get(TextAttribute.TRACKING) != null) {
                 av = AttributeValues.fromMap((Map<Attribute, ?>)map);
             }
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/CompositeFont.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/CompositeFont.java
index 8feb96a2948..713cbe3daa5 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/CompositeFont.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/CompositeFont.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -297,15 +297,15 @@ private void doDeferredInitialisation(int slot) {
                     /* If a component specifies the file with a bad font,
                      * the corresponding slot will be initialized by
                      * default physical font. In such case findFont2D may
-                     * return composite font which cannot be casted to
+                     * return composite font which cannot be cast to
                      * physical font.
                      */
-                    try {
-                        components[slot] =
-                            (PhysicalFont) fm.findFont2D(componentNames[slot],
-                                                         style,
-                                                FontManager.PHYSICAL_FALLBACK);
-                    } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
+                    Font2D f2d = fm.findFont2D(componentNames[slot],
+                                               style,
+                                               FontManager.PHYSICAL_FALLBACK);
+                    if (f2d instanceof PhysicalFont pf) {
+                        components[slot] = pf;
+                    } else {
                         /* Assign default physical font to the slot */
                         components[slot] = fm.getDefaultPhysicalFont();
                     }
@@ -379,12 +379,13 @@ public PhysicalFont getSlotFont(int slot) {
         try {
             PhysicalFont font = components[slot];
             if (font == null) {
-                try {
-                    font = (PhysicalFont) fm.
-                        findFont2D(componentNames[slot], style,
-                                   FontManager.PHYSICAL_FALLBACK);
+                Font2D f2d = fm.findFont2D(componentNames[slot],
+                                           style,
+                                           FontManager.PHYSICAL_FALLBACK);
+                if (f2d instanceof PhysicalFont pf) {
+                    font = pf;
                     components[slot] = font;
-                } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
+                } else {
                     font = fm.getDefaultPhysicalFont();
                 }
             }
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/CoreMetrics.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/CoreMetrics.java
index e6219dca46b..cc8d397b867 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/CoreMetrics.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/CoreMetrics.java
@@ -70,36 +70,24 @@ public int hashCode() {
         return Float.floatToIntBits(ascent + ssOffset);
     }
 
-    public boolean equals(Object rhs) {
-        try {
-            return equals((CoreMetrics)rhs);
+    public boolean equals(Object o) {
+        if (o == this) {
+            return true;
         }
-        catch(ClassCastException e) {
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-
-    public boolean equals(CoreMetrics rhs) {
-        if (rhs != null) {
-            if (this == rhs) {
-                return true;
-            }
-
-            return ascent == rhs.ascent
-                && descent == rhs.descent
-                && leading == rhs.leading
-                && baselineIndex == rhs.baselineIndex
-                && baselineOffsets[0] == rhs.baselineOffsets[0]
-                && baselineOffsets[1] == rhs.baselineOffsets[1]
-                && baselineOffsets[2] == rhs.baselineOffsets[2]
-                && strikethroughOffset == rhs.strikethroughOffset
-                && strikethroughThickness == rhs.strikethroughThickness
-                && underlineOffset == rhs.underlineOffset
-                && underlineThickness == rhs.underlineThickness
-                && ssOffset == rhs.ssOffset
-                && italicAngle == rhs.italicAngle;
-        }
-        return false;
+        return o instanceof CoreMetrics rhs
+            && ascent == rhs.ascent
+            && descent == rhs.descent
+            && leading == rhs.leading
+            && baselineIndex == rhs.baselineIndex
+            && baselineOffsets[0] == rhs.baselineOffsets[0]
+            && baselineOffsets[1] == rhs.baselineOffsets[1]
+            && baselineOffsets[2] == rhs.baselineOffsets[2]
+            && strikethroughOffset == rhs.strikethroughOffset
+            && strikethroughThickness == rhs.strikethroughThickness
+            && underlineOffset == rhs.underlineOffset
+            && underlineThickness == rhs.underlineThickness
+            && ssOffset == rhs.ssOffset
+            && italicAngle == rhs.italicAngle;
     }
 
     // fullOffsets is an array of 5 baseline offsets,
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/Decoration.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/Decoration.java
index f131914134f..640df2e081c 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/Decoration.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/Decoration.java
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@
 import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;
 import java.awt.geom.GeneralPath;
 import java.text.AttributedCharacterIterator.Attribute;
+import java.util.Objects;
 
 import static sun.font.AttributeValues.*;
 import static sun.font.EAttribute.*;
@@ -169,48 +170,17 @@ private static final class DecorationImpl extends Decoration {
             this.imUnderline = imUnderline;
         }
 
-        private static boolean areEqual(Object lhs, Object rhs) {
-
-            if (lhs == null) {
-                return rhs == null;
-            }
-            else {
-                return lhs.equals(rhs);
-            }
-        }
-
-        public boolean equals(Object rhs) {
-
-            if (rhs == this) {
+        public boolean equals(Object o) {
+            if (o == this) {
                 return true;
             }
-            if (rhs == null) {
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            DecorationImpl other = null;
-            try {
-                other = (DecorationImpl) rhs;
-            }
-            catch(ClassCastException e) {
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            if (!(swapColors == other.swapColors &&
-                        strikethrough == other.strikethrough)) {
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            if (!areEqual(stdUnderline, other.stdUnderline)) {
-                return false;
-            }
-            if (!areEqual(fgPaint, other.fgPaint)) {
-                return false;
-            }
-            if (!areEqual(bgPaint, other.bgPaint)) {
-                return false;
-            }
-            return areEqual(imUnderline, other.imUnderline);
+            return o instanceof DecorationImpl other &&
+                swapColors == other.swapColors &&
+                strikethrough == other.strikethrough &&
+                Objects.equals(stdUnderline, other.stdUnderline) &&
+                Objects.equals(fgPaint, other.fgPaint) &&
+                Objects.equals(bgPaint, other.bgPaint) &&
+                Objects.equals(imUnderline, other.imUnderline);
         }
 
         public int hashCode() {
@@ -304,8 +274,7 @@ public void drawTextAndDecorations(Label label,
                 if (swapColors) {
                     background = fgPaint==null? savedPaint : fgPaint;
                     if (bgPaint == null) {
-                        if (background instanceof Color) {
-                            Color bg = (Color)background;
+                        if (background instanceof Color bg) {
                             // 30/59/11 is standard weights, tweaked a bit
                             int brightness = 33 * bg.getRed()
                                 + 53 * bg.getGreen()
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontDesignMetrics.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontDesignMetrics.java
index c5f020991d4..66ccf7499c5 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontDesignMetrics.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontDesignMetrics.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -214,12 +214,12 @@ void init(Font font, FontRenderContext frc) {
         }
 
         public boolean equals(Object key) {
-            if (!(key instanceof MetricsKey)) {
-                return false;
+            if (key == this) {
+                return true;
             }
-            return
-                font.equals(((MetricsKey)key).font) &&
-                frc.equals(((MetricsKey)key).frc);
+            return key instanceof MetricsKey other &&
+                font.equals(other.font) &&
+                frc.equals(other.frc);
         }
 
         public int hashCode() {
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontFamily.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontFamily.java
index dcec9545dfe..45c8cbac2c5 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontFamily.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontFamily.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -114,14 +114,14 @@ private boolean isFromSameSource(Font2D font) {
         }
 
         FileFont existingFont = null;
-        if (plain instanceof FileFont) {
-            existingFont = (FileFont)plain;
-        } else if (bold instanceof FileFont) {
-            existingFont = (FileFont)bold;
-        } else if (italic instanceof FileFont) {
-             existingFont = (FileFont)italic;
-        } else if (bolditalic instanceof FileFont) {
-             existingFont = (FileFont)bolditalic;
+        if (plain instanceof FileFont plainFF) {
+            existingFont = plainFF;
+        } else if (bold instanceof FileFont boldFF) {
+            existingFont = boldFF;
+        } else if (italic instanceof FileFont italicFF) {
+             existingFont = italicFF;
+        } else if (bolditalic instanceof FileFont boldItalicFF) {
+             existingFont = boldItalicFF;
         }
         // A family isn't created until there's a font.
         // So if we didn't find a file font it means this
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontLineMetrics.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontLineMetrics.java
index 031f5cf68ef..0254a9dc023 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontLineMetrics.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontLineMetrics.java
@@ -99,12 +99,10 @@ public int hashCode() {
     }
 
     public boolean equals(Object rhs) {
-        try {
-            return cm.equals(((FontLineMetrics)rhs).cm);
-        }
-        catch (ClassCastException e) {
-            return false;
+        if (rhs == this) {
+            return true;
         }
+        return rhs instanceof FontLineMetrics other && cm.equals(other.cm);
     }
 
     public Object clone() {
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontStrikeDesc.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontStrikeDesc.java
index 6c1e471fbd0..9c2461e708f 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontStrikeDesc.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontStrikeDesc.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -85,24 +85,19 @@ public int hashCode() {
     }
 
     public boolean equals(Object obj) {
-        try {
-            FontStrikeDesc desc = (FontStrikeDesc)obj;
-            return (desc.valuemask == this.valuemask &&
-                    desc.glyphTx.equals(this.glyphTx) &&
-                    desc.devTx.equals(this.devTx));
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            /* class cast or NP exceptions should not happen often, if ever,
-             * and I am hoping that this is faster than an instanceof check.
-             */
-            return false;
+        if (obj == this) {
+            return true;
         }
+        return obj instanceof FontStrikeDesc desc &&
+            desc.valuemask == this.valuemask &&
+            desc.glyphTx.equals(this.glyphTx) &&
+            desc.devTx.equals(this.devTx);
     }
 
     FontStrikeDesc() {
         // used with init
     }
 
-
     /* This maps a public text AA hint value into one of the subset of values
      * used to index strikes. For the purpose of the strike cache there are
      * only 4 values : OFF, ON, LCD_HRGB, LCD_VRGB.
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontUtilities.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontUtilities.java
index a14214ab751..d4c9a6c66a5 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontUtilities.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontUtilities.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -481,7 +481,7 @@ public static FontUIResource getCompositeFontUIResource(Font font) {
         FontUIResource fuir = new FontUIResource(font);
         Font2D font2D = FontUtilities.getFont2D(font);
 
-        if (!(font2D instanceof PhysicalFont)) {
+        if (!(font2D instanceof PhysicalFont physicalFont)) {
             /* Swing should only be calling this when a font is obtained
              * from desktop properties, so should generally be a physical font,
              * an exception might be for names like "MS Serif" which are
@@ -499,7 +499,6 @@ public static FontUIResource getCompositeFontUIResource(Font font) {
         if (!(dialog instanceof CompositeFont dialog2D)) {
             return fuir;
         }
-        PhysicalFont physicalFont = (PhysicalFont)font2D;
         ConcurrentHashMap<PhysicalFont, CompositeFont> compMap = compMapRef.get();
         if (compMap == null) { // Its been collected.
             compMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<PhysicalFont, CompositeFont>();
@@ -565,8 +564,7 @@ public static FontUIResource getFontConfigFUIR(String fcFamily,
 
         FontUIResource fuir;
         FontManager fm = FontManagerFactory.getInstance();
-        if (fm instanceof SunFontManager) {
-            SunFontManager sfm = (SunFontManager) fm;
+        if (fm instanceof SunFontManager sfm) {
             fuir = sfm.getFontConfigFUIR(mapped, style, size);
         } else {
             fuir = new FontUIResource(mapped, style, size);
@@ -574,7 +572,6 @@ public static FontUIResource getFontConfigFUIR(String fcFamily,
         return fuir;
     }
 
-
     /**
      * Used by windows printing to assess if a font is likely to
      * be layout compatible with JDK
@@ -583,10 +580,8 @@ public static FontUIResource getFontConfigFUIR(String fcFamily,
      * fonts GDI handles differently.
      */
     public static boolean textLayoutIsCompatible(Font font) {
-
         Font2D font2D = getFont2D(font);
-        if (font2D instanceof TrueTypeFont) {
-            TrueTypeFont ttf = (TrueTypeFont) font2D;
+        if (font2D instanceof TrueTypeFont ttf) {
             return
                 ttf.getDirectoryEntry(TrueTypeFont.GSUBTag) == null ||
                 ttf.getDirectoryEntry(TrueTypeFont.GPOSTag) != null;
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FreetypeFontScaler.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FreetypeFontScaler.java
index 6d8d5512bae..8713cb61cef 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FreetypeFontScaler.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FreetypeFontScaler.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -60,12 +60,9 @@ private void invalidateScaler() throws FontScalerException {
 
     public FreetypeFontScaler(Font2D font, int indexInCollection,
                      boolean supportsCJK, int filesize) {
-        int fonttype = TRUETYPE_FONT;
-        if (font instanceof Type1Font) {
-            fonttype = TYPE1_FONT;
-        }
+        int type = font instanceof Type1Font ? TYPE1_FONT : TRUETYPE_FONT;
         nativeScaler = initNativeScaler(font,
-                                        fonttype,
+                                        type,
                                         indexInCollection,
                                         supportsCJK,
                                         filesize);
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/GlyphLayout.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/GlyphLayout.java
index 5af383911e7..7cebb4c2ff8 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/GlyphLayout.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/GlyphLayout.java
@@ -178,16 +178,13 @@ public int hashCode() {
             }
 
             public boolean equals(Object o) {
-                try {
-                    SDKey rhs = (SDKey)o;
-                    return
-                        hash == rhs.hash &&
-                        font.equals(rhs.font) &&
-                        frc.equals(rhs.frc);
-                }
-                catch (ClassCastException e) {
+                if (o == this) {
+                    return true;
                 }
-                return false;
+                return o instanceof SDKey rhs &&
+                    hash == rhs.hash &&
+                    font.equals(rhs.font) &&
+                    frc.equals(rhs.frc);
             }
         }
 
@@ -302,15 +299,15 @@ public StandardGlyphVector layout(Font font, FontRenderContext frc,
         }
 
         Font2D font2D = FontUtilities.getFont2D(font);
-        if (font2D instanceof FontSubstitution) {
-            font2D = ((FontSubstitution)font2D).getCompositeFont2D();
+        if (font2D instanceof FontSubstitution sub) {
+            font2D = sub.getCompositeFont2D();
         }
 
         _textRecord.init(text, offset, lim, min, max);
         int start = offset;
-        if (font2D instanceof CompositeFont) {
+        if (font2D instanceof CompositeFont composite) {
             _scriptRuns.init(text, offset, count); // ??? how to handle 'common' chars
-            _fontRuns.init((CompositeFont)font2D, text, offset, lim);
+            _fontRuns.init(composite, text, offset, lim);
             while (_scriptRuns.next()) {
                 int limit = _scriptRuns.getScriptLimit();
                 int script = _scriptRuns.getScriptCode();
@@ -322,8 +319,8 @@ public StandardGlyphVector layout(Font font, FontRenderContext frc,
                      * its consistent with the way NativeFonts delegate
                      * in other cases too.
                      */
-                    if (pfont instanceof NativeFont) {
-                        pfont = ((NativeFont)pfont).getDelegateFont();
+                    if (pfont instanceof NativeFont nf) {
+                        pfont = nf.getDelegateFont();
                     }
                     int gmask = _fontRuns.getGlyphMask();
                     int pos = _fontRuns.getPos();
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/PhysicalFont.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/PhysicalFont.java
index dc05c0e0a5f..aa08727713e 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/PhysicalFont.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/PhysicalFont.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.util.Objects;
 
 public abstract class PhysicalFont extends Font2D {
 
@@ -41,14 +42,13 @@ public abstract class PhysicalFont extends Font2D {
     protected Object nativeNames;
 
     public boolean equals(Object o) {
-        if (o == null || o.getClass() != this.getClass()) {
-            return false;
+        if (o == this) {
+            return true;
         }
-        PhysicalFont other = (PhysicalFont)o;
-        return
-           (this.fullName.equals(other.fullName)) &&
-            ((this.platName == null && other.platName == null) ||
-             (this.platName != null && this.platName.equals(other.platName)));
+        return o instanceof PhysicalFont other &&
+            other.getClass() == this.getClass() &&
+            fullName.equals(other.fullName) &&
+            Objects.equals(platName, other.platName);
     }
 
     public int hashCode() {
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/StandardGlyphVector.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/StandardGlyphVector.java
index d44bd9a00e5..1c3ad7db47f 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/StandardGlyphVector.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/StandardGlyphVector.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -278,8 +278,8 @@ public static StandardGlyphVector getStandardGV(GlyphVector gv,
                 return new StandardGlyphVector(gv, frc);
             }
         }
-        if (gv instanceof StandardGlyphVector) {
-            return (StandardGlyphVector)gv;
+        if (gv instanceof StandardGlyphVector sgv) {
+            return sgv;
         }
         return new StandardGlyphVector(gv, gv.getFontRenderContext());
     }
@@ -636,61 +636,54 @@ public GlyphJustificationInfo getGlyphJustificationInfo(int ix) {
         return null;
     }
 
-    public boolean equals(GlyphVector rhs) {
-        if (this == rhs) {
+    public boolean equals(GlyphVector gv) {
+
+        if (gv == this) {
             return true;
         }
-        if (rhs == null) {
+
+        if (!(gv instanceof StandardGlyphVector other)) {
             return false;
         }
 
-        try {
-            StandardGlyphVector other = (StandardGlyphVector)rhs;
+        if (glyphs.length != other.glyphs.length) {
+            return false;
+        }
 
-            if (glyphs.length != other.glyphs.length) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < glyphs.length; ++i) {
+            if (glyphs[i] != other.glyphs[i]) {
                 return false;
             }
+        }
 
-            for (int i = 0; i < glyphs.length; ++i) {
-                if (glyphs[i] != other.glyphs[i]) {
-                    return false;
-                }
-            }
-
-            if (!font.equals(other.font)) {
-                return false;
-            }
+        if (!font.equals(other.font)) {
+            return false;
+        }
 
-            if (!frc.equals(other.frc)) {
-                return false;
-            }
+        if (!frc.equals(other.frc)) {
+            return false;
+        }
 
-            if ((other.positions == null) != (positions == null)) {
-                if (positions == null) {
-                    initPositions();
-                } else {
-                    other.initPositions();
-                }
+        if ((other.positions == null) != (positions == null)) {
+            if (positions == null) {
+                initPositions();
+            } else {
+                other.initPositions();
             }
+        }
 
-            if (positions != null) {
-                for (int i = 0; i < positions.length; ++i) {
-                    if (positions[i] != other.positions[i]) {
-                        return false;
-                    }
+        if (positions != null) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < positions.length; ++i) {
+                if (positions[i] != other.positions[i]) {
+                    return false;
                 }
             }
-
-            if (gti == null) {
-                return other.gti == null;
-            } else {
-                return gti.equals(other.gti);
-            }
         }
-        catch (ClassCastException e) {
-            // assume they are different simply by virtue of the class difference
 
-            return false;
+        if (gti == null) {
+            return other.gti == null;
+        } else {
+            return gti.equals(other.gti);
         }
     }
 
@@ -707,13 +700,11 @@ public int hashCode() {
      * the inherited Object.equals(Object) as well.  GlyphVector should do
      * this, and define two glyphvectors as not equal if the classes differ.
      */
-    public boolean equals(Object rhs) {
-        try {
-            return equals((GlyphVector)rhs);
-        }
-        catch (ClassCastException e) {
-            return false;
+    public boolean equals(Object o) {
+        if (this == o) {
+            return true;
         }
+        return o instanceof GlyphVector other && this.equals(other);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1110,8 +1101,8 @@ private void init(Font font, char[] text, int start, int count,
 
     private void initFontData() {
         font2D = FontUtilities.getFont2D(font);
-        if (font2D instanceof FontSubstitution) {
-           font2D = ((FontSubstitution)font2D).getCompositeFont2D();
+        if (font2D instanceof FontSubstitution sub) {
+           font2D = sub.getCompositeFont2D();
         }
         float s = font.getSize2D();
         if (font.isTransformed()) {
@@ -1731,11 +1722,11 @@ static GlyphStrike create(StandardGlyphVector sgv, AffineTransform dtx, AffineTr
                                                      aa, fm);
             // Get the strike via the handle. Shouldn't matter
             // if we've invalidated the font but its an extra precaution.
-        // do we want the CompFont from CFont here ?
-        Font2D f2d = sgv.font2D;
-        if (f2d instanceof FontSubstitution) {
-           f2d = ((FontSubstitution)f2d).getCompositeFont2D();
-        }
+            // do we want the CompFont from CFont here ?
+            Font2D f2d = sgv.font2D;
+            if (f2d instanceof FontSubstitution sub) {
+               f2d = sub.getCompositeFont2D();
+            }
             FontStrike strike = f2d.handle.font2D.getStrike(desc);  // !!! getStrike(desc, false)
 
             return new GlyphStrike(sgv, strike, dx, dy);
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/StrikeCache.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/StrikeCache.java
index 2266746e17a..9a13d7f5970 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/StrikeCache.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/StrikeCache.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -386,8 +386,7 @@ static void disposeStrike(final FontStrikeDisposer disposer) {
         if (!GraphicsEnvironment.isHeadless()) {
             GraphicsConfiguration gc =
                 ge.getDefaultScreenDevice().getDefaultConfiguration();
-            if (gc instanceof AccelGraphicsConfig) {
-                AccelGraphicsConfig agc = (AccelGraphicsConfig)gc;
+            if (gc instanceof AccelGraphicsConfig agc) {
                 BufferedContext bc = agc.getContext();
                 if (bc != null) {
                     rq = bc.getRenderQueue();
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/SunFontManager.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/SunFontManager.java
index 323f0d056e1..f9808530866 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/SunFontManager.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/SunFontManager.java
@@ -437,11 +437,10 @@ protected SunFontManager() {
     public Font2DHandle getNewComposite(String family, int style,
                                         Font2DHandle handle) {
 
-        if (!(handle.font2D instanceof CompositeFont)) {
+        if (!(handle.font2D instanceof CompositeFont oldComp)) {
             return handle;
         }
 
-        CompositeFont oldComp = (CompositeFont)handle.font2D;
         PhysicalFont oldFont = oldComp.getSlotFont(0);
 
         if (family == null) {
@@ -643,10 +642,8 @@ protected PhysicalFont addToFontList(PhysicalFont f, int rank) {
                  * more complete (larger) one.
                  */
                 if (oldFont.getRank() == rank) {
-                    if (oldFont instanceof TrueTypeFont &&
-                        newFont instanceof TrueTypeFont) {
-                        TrueTypeFont oldTTFont = (TrueTypeFont)oldFont;
-                        TrueTypeFont newTTFont = (TrueTypeFont)newFont;
+                    if (oldFont instanceof TrueTypeFont oldTTFont &&
+                        newFont instanceof TrueTypeFont newTTFont) {
                         if (oldTTFont.fileSize >= newTTFont.fileSize) {
                             return oldFont;
                         }
@@ -998,8 +995,8 @@ public PhysicalFont getDefaultPhysicalFont() {
             // findFont2D will load all fonts
             Font2D font2d = findFont2D(defaultFontName, Font.PLAIN, NO_FALLBACK);
             if (font2d != null) {
-                if (font2d instanceof PhysicalFont) {
-                    defaultPhysicalFont = (PhysicalFont)font2d;
+                if (font2d instanceof PhysicalFont pf) {
+                    defaultPhysicalFont = pf;
                 } else {
                     if (FontUtilities.isLogging()) {
                         FontUtilities.logWarning("Font returned by findFont2D for default font name " +
@@ -2264,14 +2261,12 @@ public synchronized String getFullNameByFileName(String fileName) {
      * make sense for a Composite to be "bad".
      */
     public synchronized void deRegisterBadFont(Font2D font2D) {
-        if (!(font2D instanceof PhysicalFont)) {
-            /* We should never reach here, but just in case */
-            return;
-        } else {
+        // this should always be a physical font, but check just in case
+        if (font2D instanceof PhysicalFont pf) {
             if (FontUtilities.isLogging()) {
                 FontUtilities.logSevere("Deregister bad font: " + font2D);
             }
-            replaceFont((PhysicalFont)font2D, getDefaultPhysicalFont());
+            replaceFont(pf, getDefaultPhysicalFont());
         }
     }
 
@@ -2382,8 +2377,7 @@ private synchronized void loadLocaleNames() {
         localeFullNamesToFont = new HashMap<>();
         Font2D[] fonts = getRegisteredFonts();
         for (int i=0; i<fonts.length; i++) {
-            if (fonts[i] instanceof TrueTypeFont) {
-                TrueTypeFont ttf = (TrueTypeFont)fonts[i];
+            if (fonts[i] instanceof TrueTypeFont ttf) {
                 String[] fullNames = ttf.getAllFullNames();
                 for (int n=0; n<fullNames.length; n++) {
                     localeFullNamesToFont.put(fullNames[n], ttf);
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/TrueTypeFont.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/TrueTypeFont.java
index 97174b1a2fd..784377363f8 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/TrueTypeFont.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/TrueTypeFont.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@
 import java.awt.Font;
 import java.awt.FontFormatException;
 import java.awt.geom.Point2D;
-import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
 import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
@@ -215,8 +214,8 @@ public TrueTypeFont(String platname, Object nativeNames, int fIndex,
             }
         } catch (Throwable t) {
             close();
-            if (t instanceof FontFormatException) {
-                throw (FontFormatException)t;
+            if (t instanceof FontFormatException ffe) {
+                throw ffe;
             } else {
                 throw new FontFormatException("Unexpected runtime exception.");
             }
@@ -247,8 +246,8 @@ private synchronized FileChannel open(boolean usePool)
                 fileSize = (int)disposerRecord.channel.size();
                 if (usePool) {
                     FontManager fm = FontManagerFactory.getInstance();
-                    if (fm instanceof SunFontManager) {
-                        ((SunFontManager) fm).addToPool(this);
+                    if (fm instanceof SunFontManager sfm) {
+                        sfm.addToPool(this);
                     }
                 }
             } catch (ClosedChannelException e) {
@@ -509,8 +508,8 @@ && getDirectoryEntry(hheaTag) == null) {
             if (FontUtilities.isLogging()) {
                 FontUtilities.logSevere(e.toString());
             }
-            if (e instanceof FontFormatException) {
-                throw (FontFormatException)e;
+            if (e instanceof FontFormatException ffe) {
+                throw ffe;
             } else {
                 throw new FontFormatException(e.toString());
             }
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/Type1Font.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/Type1Font.java
index 67f83cce643..cc820168999 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/Type1Font.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/Type1Font.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -168,8 +168,8 @@ public Type1Font(String platname, Object nativeNames, boolean createdCopy)
                 Disposer.addObjectRecord(bufferRef, ref);
                 bufferRef = null;
             }
-            if (t instanceof FontFormatException) {
-                throw (FontFormatException)t;
+            if (t instanceof FontFormatException ffe) {
+                throw ffe;
             } else {
                 throw new FontFormatException("Unexpected runtime exception.");
             }
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/unix/classes/sun/font/FontConfigManager.java b/src/java.desktop/unix/classes/sun/font/FontConfigManager.java
index aa3693743c2..4afa7a43122 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/unix/classes/sun/font/FontConfigManager.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/unix/classes/sun/font/FontConfigManager.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -267,8 +267,8 @@ public PhysicalFont registerFromFcInfo(FcCompFont fcInfo) {
                 Font2D f2d = fm.findFont2D(fcInfo.firstFont.familyName,
                                            fcInfo.style,
                                            FontManager.NO_FALLBACK);
-                if (f2d instanceof PhysicalFont) { /* paranoia */
-                    return (PhysicalFont)f2d;
+                if (f2d instanceof PhysicalFont pf) { /* paranoia */
+                    return pf;
                 } else {
                     return null;
                 }
@@ -295,8 +295,8 @@ public PhysicalFont registerFromFcInfo(FcCompFont fcInfo) {
                     Font2D f2d = fm.findFont2D(fcInfo.firstFont.familyName,
                                                fcInfo.style,
                                                FontManager.NO_FALLBACK);
-                    if (f2d instanceof PhysicalFont) { /* paranoia */
-                        return (PhysicalFont)f2d;
+                    if (f2d instanceof PhysicalFont pf) { /* paranoia */
+                        return pf;
                     } else {
                         return null;
                     }
@@ -387,8 +387,8 @@ public CompositeFont getFontConfigFont(String name, int style) {
         PhysicalFont physFont = null;
         if (family != null) {
             Font2D f2D = family.getFontWithExactStyleMatch(fcInfo.style);
-            if (f2D instanceof PhysicalFont) {
-                physFont = (PhysicalFont)f2D;
+            if (f2D instanceof PhysicalFont pf) {
+                physFont = pf;
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/unix/classes/sun/font/NativeFont.java b/src/java.desktop/unix/classes/sun/font/NativeFont.java
index a3617fc3cd9..49b819091f7 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/unix/classes/sun/font/NativeFont.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/unix/classes/sun/font/NativeFont.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -251,8 +251,8 @@ FontStrike createStrike(FontStrikeDesc desc) {
             /* If no FileFont's are found, delegate font may be
              * a NativeFont, so we need to avoid recursing here.
              */
-            if (delegateFont instanceof NativeFont) {
-                return new NativeStrike((NativeFont)delegateFont, desc);
+            if (delegateFont instanceof NativeFont nf) {
+                return new NativeStrike(nf, desc);
             }
             FontStrike delegate = delegateFont.createStrike(desc);
             return new DelegateStrike(this, desc, delegate);

From 4e30a933bf27da61a203da4bcc7a0e04c7f386c3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Manuel=20H=C3=A4ssig?= <mhaessig@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 20 Jul 2026 15:36:54 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 292/707] 8387073: C2: StoreNode::Ideal wrongly optimizes away
 scalar store before masked vector store

Reviewed-by: epeter, thartmann, qamai, chagedorn
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp            |  17 +-
 test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups                |   3 +-
 .../arraycopy/TestSubwordPartialInlining.java | 151 +++++
 .../igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java     | 522 ++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 686 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arraycopy/TestSubwordPartialInlining.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
index 165eb9e430c..2e689311761 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
@@ -3525,8 +3525,9 @@ Node *StoreNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
   Node* address = in(MemNode::Address);
   Node* value   = in(MemNode::ValueIn);
   // Back-to-back stores to same address?  Fold em up.  Generally
-  // unsafe if I have intervening uses.
-  {
+  // unsafe if I have intervening uses. Also unsafe for masked or
+  // scatter vector stores as the wider store.
+  if (!this->is_StoreVector() || this->Opcode() == Op_StoreVector) {
     Node* st = mem;
     // If Store 'st' has more than one use, we cannot fold 'st' away.
     // For example, 'st' might be the final state at a conditional
@@ -3534,15 +3535,14 @@ Node *StoreNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
     // the same time 'st' is live, which might be unschedulable.  So,
     // require exactly ONE user until such time as we clone 'mem' for
     // each of 'mem's uses (thus making the exactly-1-user-rule hold
-    // true).
-    while (st->is_Store() && st->outcnt() == 1) {
+    // true). Further, 'st' must be a contiguous store, otherwise
+    // memory_size does not make sense for measuring overlap.
+    while (st->is_Store() && st->outcnt() == 1 && (!st->is_StoreVector() || st->Opcode() == Op_StoreVector)) {
       // Looking at a dead closed cycle of memory?
       assert(st != st->in(MemNode::Memory), "dead loop in StoreNode::Ideal");
       assert(Opcode() == st->Opcode() ||
              st->Opcode() == Op_StoreVector ||
              Opcode() == Op_StoreVector ||
-             st->Opcode() == Op_StoreVectorScatter ||
-             Opcode() == Op_StoreVectorScatter ||
              phase->C->get_alias_index(adr_type()) == Compile::AliasIdxRaw ||
              (Opcode() == Op_StoreL && st->Opcode() == Op_StoreI) || // expanded ClearArrayNode
              (Opcode() == Op_StoreI && st->Opcode() == Op_StoreL) || // initialization by arraycopy
@@ -3551,6 +3551,11 @@ Node *StoreNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
 
       if (st->in(MemNode::Address)->eqv_uncast(address) &&
           st->as_Store()->memory_size() <= this->memory_size()) {
+        assert(!is_predicated_vector() && !is_StoreVectorMasked() &&
+               !is_StoreVectorScatter() && !is_StoreVectorScatterMasked() &&
+               !st->is_predicated_vector() && !st->is_StoreVectorMasked() &&
+               !st->is_StoreVectorScatter() && !st->is_StoreVectorScatterMasked(),
+               "optimization only correct for full-width stores without holes");
         Node* use = st->raw_out(0);
         if (phase->is_IterGVN()) {
           phase->is_IterGVN()->rehash_node_delayed(use);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
index f400aa22f0b..074bc514b35 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
@@ -184,7 +184,8 @@ tier1_compiler_2 = \
   -compiler/classUnloading/methodUnloading/TestOverloadCompileQueues.java \
   -compiler/codecache/stress \
   -compiler/codegen/aes \
-  -compiler/gcbarriers/PreserveFPRegistersTest.java
+  -compiler/gcbarriers/PreserveFPRegistersTest.java \
+  -compiler/igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java
 
 tier1_compiler_3 = \
   compiler/intrinsics/ \
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arraycopy/TestSubwordPartialInlining.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arraycopy/TestSubwordPartialInlining.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..42b5e6b8b36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arraycopy/TestSubwordPartialInlining.java
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8387073
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Arrays.copyOf(Range) must pad overized elements with 0 with partial inlining as well.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.arraycopy;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.stream.*;
+
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+import compiler.lib.compile_framework.*;
+import compiler.lib.template_framework.*;
+import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.scope;
+import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.let;
+import compiler.lib.template_framework.library.*;
+
+public class TestSubwordPartialInlining {
+    private static final Random RANDOM = Utils.getRandomInstance();
+    private static final String PACKAGE = "compiler.arraycopy.generated";
+    private static final String CLASS_NAME = "TestSubwordPartialInliningGenerated";
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        final CompileFramework comp = new CompileFramework();
+        comp.addJavaSourceCode(PACKAGE + "." + CLASS_NAME, generate(comp));
+        comp.compile();
+        comp.invoke(PACKAGE + "." + CLASS_NAME, "main", new Object[] { args });
+    }
+
+    private static String generate(CompileFramework comp) {
+        final Set<String> imports = Set.of("java.util.Arrays",
+                                           "java.util.Random",
+                                           "jdk.test.lib.Utils",
+                                           "compiler.lib.generators.*");
+
+        final List<TemplateToken> tests = new ArrayList<>();
+        tests.addAll(Stream.of(CodeGenerationDataNameType.booleans(), CodeGenerationDataNameType.bytes(), CodeGenerationDataNameType.shorts(), CodeGenerationDataNameType.chars())
+                           .map(pty -> new TestPerType(pty).generate())
+                           .toList());
+        tests.add(PrimitiveType.generateLibraryRNG());
+
+        return TestFrameworkClass.render(PACKAGE, CLASS_NAME, imports, comp.getEscapedClassPathOfCompiledClasses(), tests);
+    }
+
+    enum Operation {
+        COPY_OF,
+        COPY_OF_RANGE
+    }
+
+    record TestPerType(PrimitiveType pty) {
+        private String getTestName(Operation op) {
+            return switch (op) {
+                case COPY_OF       -> "CopyOf" + pty.boxedTypeName();
+                case COPY_OF_RANGE -> "CopyOfRange" + pty.boxedTypeName();
+            };
+        }
+
+        TemplateToken generate() {
+            final int maxSize = RANDOM.nextInt(0, 4) == 0 ? RANDOM.nextInt(5, 100) : 4;
+            final int inputSize = RANDOM.nextInt(1, maxSize);
+            final int copySize = RANDOM.nextInt(inputSize + 1, maxSize + 1);
+
+
+            var runTemplate = Template.make("op", (Operation op) -> scope(
+                let("pty", pty),
+                let("testName", getTestName(op)),
+                """
+                    @Run(test = "test#{testName}", mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+                    static void run#{testName}() {
+                        final #pty[] intRes = test#{testName}();
+                        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; i++) {
+                            test#{testName}();
+                        }
+                        final #pty[] compRes = test#{testName}();
+                        if (!Arrays.equals(intRes, compRes)) {
+                            throw new RuntimeException("wrong result:\\n" +
+                                                       "  interpreter result: " + Arrays.toString(intRes) + "\\n" +
+                                                       "  compiled result: " + Arrays.toString(compRes));
+                        }
+                    }
+                """
+            ));
+
+            var testTemplate = Template.make("op", (Operation op) -> scope(
+                let("pty", pty),
+                let("testName", getTestName(op)),
+                let("len", copySize),
+                let("minRange", RANDOM.nextInt(0, 4) == 0 ? RANDOM.nextInt(0, inputSize) : 0),
+                """
+                    @Test
+                    static #pty[] test#{testName}() {
+                """,
+                "       return ",
+                switch (op) {
+                    case COPY_OF       -> "Arrays.copyOf(#{pty}Arr, #len)";
+                    case COPY_OF_RANGE -> "Arrays.copyOfRange(#{pty}Arr, #minRange, #len)";
+                },
+                ";\n",
+                """
+                    }
+
+                """
+            ));
+
+            return Template.make(() -> scope(
+                Stream.of(Operation.COPY_OF, Operation.COPY_OF_RANGE)
+                      .map(op -> scope(runTemplate.asToken(op), testTemplate.asToken(op)))
+                      .toList(),
+                Hooks.CLASS_HOOK.insert(scope(
+                    let("pty", pty),
+                    let("arr", String.join(", ", Collections.nCopies(inputSize, (String) pty.callLibraryRNG()))),
+                    """
+                        private static #pty[] #{pty}Arr = { #arr };
+                    """
+                ))
+            )).asToken();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5939fb02352
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java
@@ -0,0 +1,522 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8387073
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Narrower stores preceding masked vector stores must not be eliminated.
+ * @modules jdk.incubator.vector
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.igvn;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.stream.*;
+
+import jdk.incubator.vector.VectorShape;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+import compiler.lib.compile_framework.*;
+import compiler.lib.template_framework.*;
+import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.scope;
+import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.let;
+import compiler.lib.template_framework.library.*;
+
+public class TestMaskedStoreIdealization {
+    private static final Random RANDOM = Utils.getRandomInstance();
+    private static final String PACKAGE = "compiler.igvn.generated";
+    private static final String CLASS_NAME = "TestMaskedStoreIdealizationGenerated";
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        final CompileFramework comp = new CompileFramework();
+        comp.addJavaSourceCode(PACKAGE + "." + CLASS_NAME, generate(comp));
+        comp.compile("--add-modules=jdk.incubator.vector");
+
+        List<String> vmArgs = new ArrayList<>(List.of(
+            "--add-modules=jdk.incubator.vector",
+            "--add-opens", "jdk.incubator.vector/jdk.incubator.vector=ALL-UNNAMED"
+        ));
+        vmArgs.addAll(Arrays.asList(args)); // Forward args
+        vmArgs.add("-XX:-StressReflectiveCode"); // Temporarily disable stress flag that causes unrelated failures.
+        String[] vmArgsArray = vmArgs.toArray(new String[0]);
+
+        comp.invoke(PACKAGE + "." + CLASS_NAME, "main", new Object[] { vmArgsArray });
+    }
+
+    private static String generate(CompileFramework comp) {
+        final Set<String> imports = Set.of("java.util.Arrays",
+                                           "java.util.Random",
+                                           "jdk.incubator.vector.*",
+                                           "jdk.test.lib.Utils",
+                                           "compiler.lib.generators.*");
+
+        // The preferred vector shape is the largest possible vector size.
+        final int maxVecByteSize = VectorShape.preferredShape().vectorBitSize() / 8;
+
+        final List<TemplateToken> tests = new ArrayList<>();
+        // Add tests only for the vector shapes that
+        tests.addAll(CodeGenerationDataNameType.VECTOR_VECTOR_TYPES
+                        .stream()
+                        .filter(vec -> vec.byteSize() <= maxVecByteSize && vec.elementType instanceof PrimitiveType)
+                        .map(vec -> new TestPerShape(vec).generate())
+                        .collect(Collectors.toList()));
+        tests.add(PrimitiveType.generateLibraryRNG());
+
+        return TestFrameworkClass.render(PACKAGE, CLASS_NAME, imports, comp.getEscapedClassPathOfCompiledClasses(), tests);
+    }
+
+    enum Operation {
+        STORE_SCATTER,
+        STORE_MASK,
+        STORE_SCATTER_MASK,
+        STORE_VECTOR_AFTER_SCATTER,
+        RANDOM
+    }
+
+    record TestPerShape(VectorType.Vector vec) {
+        TemplateToken generate() {
+            final String testName = vec.elementType.boxedTypeName() + vec.length;
+
+            // Select the index where we set the mask to false. The index is biased to
+            // zero, as the original bug only triggered with the first element.
+            final int idx = RANDOM.nextBoolean() ? RANDOM.nextInt(0, vec.length) : 0;
+
+            var irVerification = Template.make("op", "arraySize", (Operation op, Integer arraySize) -> {
+                // No IR-verification for random test cases.
+                if (op == Operation.RANDOM) {
+                    return scope("");
+                }
+
+                final PrimitiveType pty = (PrimitiveType) vec.elementType;
+                final String ptyIR = pty.abbrev().equals("S") ? "C" : pty.abbrev();
+
+                // Verify that the method contains two VectorStore{Masked|Scatter} nodes.
+                var opVerification = Template.make(() -> {
+                    if (vec.length <= 2) {
+                        return scope("    // No Vector nodes are emitted for vectors of length 2 or shorter.\n");
+                    }
+
+                    if (Set.of(Operation.STORE_SCATTER, Operation.STORE_SCATTER_MASK, Operation.STORE_VECTOR_AFTER_SCATTER).contains(op) &&
+                        vec.elementType.byteSize() < 4) {
+                        return scope("    // StoreVectorScatter is not emitted for vectors of subword types.\n");
+                    }
+
+                    final String opIR = switch (op) {
+                        case STORE_SCATTER              -> "STORE_VECTOR_SCATTER";
+                        case STORE_MASK                 -> "STORE_VECTOR_MASKED";
+                        case STORE_SCATTER_MASK         -> "STORE_VECTOR_SCATTER_MASKED";
+                        case STORE_VECTOR_AFTER_SCATTER -> "STORE_VECTOR_SCATTER";
+                        case RANDOM                     -> "";
+                    };
+
+                    final int numMatches = switch (op) {
+                        case STORE_VECTOR_AFTER_SCATTER -> 1;
+                        default                         -> 2;
+                    };
+
+                    return scope(
+                        let("opIR", opIR),
+                        let("matches", numMatches),
+                        """
+                            @IR(counts = {IRNode.#{opIR}, "=#{matches}"},
+                                applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx512", "true", "sve", "true"})
+                        """
+                    );
+                });
+
+                return scope(
+                    let("pty", vec.elementType.name()),
+                    let("ptyIR", ptyIR),
+                    let("idx", idx),
+                    switch (op) {
+                        case STORE_MASK, STORE_SCATTER_MASK ->
+                        // For masked operations, depending on the generated mask and index map C2 does not manage to elide a branch from
+                        // if (mask.allTrue()) {
+                        //     intoArray(a, offset);
+                        // } else {
+                        //     intoArray(a, offset, mask);
+                        // }
+                        // leading to both stores of the diamond being live. This is highly profile dependent and cannot be predicted.
+                        """
+                            @IR(counts = {IRNode.START + "Store#{ptyIR}" + IRNode.MID + "(Memory: @aryptr:#{pty}\\\\[int:#{arraySize}\\\\]).*(:NotNull:exact\\\\[\\\\d+\\\\]).*" + IRNode.END, ">=1",
+                                          IRNode.START + "Store#{ptyIR}" + IRNode.MID + "(Memory: @aryptr:#{pty}\\\\[int:#{arraySize}\\\\]).*(:NotNull:exact\\\\[\\\\d+\\\\]).*" + IRNode.END, "<=2"},
+                                applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx512", "true", "sve", "true"},
+                                phase = CompilePhase.BEFORE_MATCHING)
+                        """;
+                        case STORE_SCATTER ->
+                        """
+                            @IR(counts = {IRNode.START + "Store#{ptyIR}" + IRNode.MID + "(Memory: @aryptr:#{pty}\\\\[int:#{arraySize}\\\\]).*(:NotNull:exact\\\\[\\\\d+\\\\]).*" + IRNode.END, "=1"},
+                                applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx512", "true", "sve", "true"},
+                                phase = CompilePhase.BEFORE_MATCHING)
+                        """;
+                        case STORE_VECTOR_AFTER_SCATTER, RANDOM -> "";
+                    },
+                    opVerification.asToken()
+                );
+            });
+
+            var testBody = Template.make("testCaseRandom", "op", "arraySize", (Random testCaseRandom, Operation op, Integer arraySize) -> {
+                if (op == Operation.RANDOM) {
+                    return scope(generateRandomTest(testCaseRandom).asToken());
+                }
+
+                var maskGeneration = Template.make(() -> scope(
+                    let("idx", idx),
+                    let("boxedTy", vec.elementType.boxedTypeName()),
+                    let("species", vec.speciesName),
+                    "        VectorMask<#boxedTy> mask = VectorMask.fromLong(#species, ",
+                    testCaseRandom.nextInt(0, 10) == 0 ? testCaseRandom.nextLong() : "-1 - (1 << #idx)",
+                    ");\n"
+                ));
+
+                var indexMapGeneration = Template.make(() -> {
+                    // For the scatter tests, the array is one larger than the number of lanes so we can
+                    // map indices starting at idx to the next index, omitting idx.
+                    int[] indexMap = IntStream.range(0, vec.length)
+                                              .map(i -> i >= idx ? i + 1 : i)
+                                              .toArray();
+                    String indexMapStr = Arrays.toString(indexMap)
+                                               .replace('[', '{')
+                                               .replace(']', '}');
+                    return scope(
+                        let("idx", idx),
+                        let("len", vec.length),
+                        let("idxMap", indexMapStr),
+                        """
+                                final int[] indexMap = #{idxMap};
+                        """
+                    );
+                });
+
+                var generation = switch (op) {
+                    case STORE_SCATTER, STORE_VECTOR_AFTER_SCATTER -> indexMapGeneration.asToken();
+                    case STORE_MASK                                -> maskGeneration.asToken();
+                    case STORE_SCATTER_MASK                        ->
+                        Template.make(() -> scope(indexMapGeneration.asToken(), maskGeneration.asToken())).asToken();
+                    case RANDOM                                    -> throw new RuntimeException("unreachable");
+                };
+
+                var initStore  = switch (op) {
+                    case STORE_SCATTER, STORE_VECTOR_AFTER_SCATTER -> "        v.intoArray(a, 0, indexMap, 0);\n";
+                    case STORE_MASK                                -> "        v.intoArray(a, 0, mask);\n";
+                    case STORE_SCATTER_MASK                        -> "        v.intoArray(a, 0, indexMap, 0, mask);\n";
+                    case RANDOM                                    -> throw new RuntimeException("unreachable");
+                };
+
+                var keepStore = switch (op) {
+                    case STORE_MASK, STORE_SCATTER, STORE_SCATTER_MASK -> "        a[#idx] = arrVal;\n";
+                    case STORE_VECTOR_AFTER_SCATTER                    -> "        v.intoArray(a, 0);\n";
+                    case RANDOM                                        -> throw new RuntimeException("unreachable");
+                };
+
+                var holeStore  = switch (op) {
+                    case STORE_SCATTER              -> "        v.intoArray(a, 0, indexMap, 0);\n";
+                    case STORE_MASK                 -> "        v.intoArray(a, 0, mask);\n";
+                    case STORE_SCATTER_MASK         -> "        v.intoArray(a, 0, indexMap, 0, mask);\n";
+                    case STORE_VECTOR_AFTER_SCATTER -> "";
+                    case RANDOM                     -> throw new RuntimeException("unreachable");
+                };
+
+                return scope(
+                    let("pty", vec.elementType.name()),
+                    let("vecTy", vec.name()),
+                    let("species", vec.speciesName),
+                    let("idx", idx),
+                    """
+                            #pty[] a = new #pty[#arraySize];
+                    """,
+                    generation,
+                    """
+
+                            var v = #vecTy.broadcast(#species, broadcastVal);
+                    """,
+                    initStore,
+                    keepStore,
+                    holeStore,
+                    """
+                            return a;
+                    """
+                );
+            });
+
+            var testCase = Template.make("op", (Operation op) -> {
+                // To get the same test body twice, use a new random instance for each generated test body with a seed fixed per test case.
+                final int testCaseSeed = RANDOM.nextInt();
+
+                String testCaseName = testName + switch (op) {
+                    case STORE_SCATTER              -> "Scatter";
+                    case STORE_MASK                 -> "Mask";
+                    case STORE_SCATTER_MASK         -> "ScatterMask";
+                    case STORE_VECTOR_AFTER_SCATTER -> "VectorAfterScatter";
+                    case RANDOM                     -> "Random";
+                };
+
+                // The array size needs to be one larger than the number of lanes for scatter tests, so we can not write to one element.
+                final int arraySize = switch (op) {
+                    case STORE_SCATTER, STORE_SCATTER_MASK, STORE_VECTOR_AFTER_SCATTER -> vec.length + 1;
+                    case STORE_MASK, RANDOM                                            -> vec.length;
+                };
+
+                return scope(
+                    let("pty", vec.elementType.name()),
+                    let("testCaseName", testCaseName),
+                    let("boxedTy", vec.elementType.boxedTypeName()),
+                    let("vecTy", vec.name()),
+                    let("lanes", vec.length),
+                    let("species", vec.speciesName),
+                    let("idx", idx),
+                    let("rngCall", vec.elementType.callLibraryRNG()),
+                    let("broadcastVal", vec.elementType.con()),
+                    let("arrVal", vec.elementType.con()),
+                """
+                    @Run(test = "test#{testCaseName}")
+                    @Warmup(15_000)
+                    static void run#{testCaseName}(RunInfo info) {
+                        final #pty broadcastVal = #broadcastVal;
+                        final #pty arrVal = #arrVal;
+                        final #pty[] compiledResult = test#{testCaseName}(broadcastVal, arrVal);
+
+                        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+                            final #pty[] interpreterResult = reference#{testCaseName}(broadcastVal, arrVal);
+                            if (!Arrays.equals(interpreterResult, compiledResult)) {
+                                throw new RuntimeException("wrong result for test${testCaseName}:\\n" +
+                                                           "  interpreter result: " + Arrays.toString(interpreterResult) + "\\n" +
+                                                           "  compiled result: " + Arrays.toString(compiledResult));
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    @Test
+                """,
+                    irVerification.asToken(op, arraySize),
+                """
+                    static #pty[] test#{testCaseName}(#pty broadcastVal, #pty arrVal) {
+                """,
+                    testBody.asToken(new Random(testCaseSeed), op, arraySize),
+                """
+                    }
+
+                    @DontCompile
+                    static #pty[] reference#{testCaseName}(#pty broadcastVal, #pty arrVal) {
+                """,
+                    testBody.asToken(new Random(testCaseSeed), op, arraySize),
+                """
+                    }
+
+                """
+                );
+            });
+
+            return Template.make(() -> scope(
+                Stream.of(Operation.class.getEnumConstants())
+                         .map(op -> testCase.asToken(op))
+                         .toList()
+            )).asToken();
+        }
+
+        Template.ZeroArgs generateRandomTest(Random testCaseRandom) {
+            final int arraySize = testCaseRandom.nextInt(vec.length + 1, 5 * vec.length);
+            var maskHook = new Hook("MaskHook");
+            var genRandomMask = Template.make("maskName", "vecTy", (String maskName, VectorType.Vector vecTy) -> scope(
+                let("boxedTy", vecTy.elementType.boxedTypeName()),
+                let("species", vecTy.speciesName),
+                let("maskVal", testCaseRandom.nextLong()),
+                """
+                        VectorMask<#{boxedTy}> #maskName = VectorMask.fromLong(#species, #maskVal);
+                """
+            ));
+            var genRandomIdxMap = Template.make("mapName", "maxIdx", "len", (String mapName, Integer maxIdx, Integer len) -> {
+                ArrayList<Integer> possibleIndices = new ArrayList(IntStream.range(0, maxIdx).boxed().toList());
+                Collections.shuffle(possibleIndices, testCaseRandom);
+                return scope(
+                    let("map", String.join(", ", possibleIndices.stream().limit(vec.length).map(i -> i.toString()).toList())),
+                """
+                        int[] #mapName = { #map };
+                """
+                );
+            });
+            var initialStore = Template.make(() -> {
+                final int offset = testCaseRandom.nextInt(0, 4) == 0 ? testCaseRandom.nextInt(0, arraySize - vec.length) : 0;
+                return scope(
+                    let("offset", offset),
+                    switch (testCaseRandom.nextInt(0,4)) {
+                        case 0 -> scope(
+                            """
+                                    v.intoArray(a, #offset);
+                            """
+                            );
+                        case 1 -> scope(
+                            maskHook.insert(genRandomMask.asToken("initMask", vec)),
+                            """
+                                    v.intoArray(a, #offset, initMask);
+                            """
+                            );
+                        case 2 -> scope(
+                            maskHook.insert(genRandomIdxMap.asToken("initMap", arraySize - offset, vec.length)),
+                            """
+                                    v.intoArray(a, #offset, initMap, 0);
+                            """
+                            );
+                        case 3 -> scope(
+                            maskHook.insert(scope(
+                                genRandomIdxMap.asToken("initMap", arraySize - offset, vec.length),
+                                genRandomMask.asToken("initMask", vec)
+                            )),
+                            """
+                                    v.intoArray(a, #offset, initMap, 0, initMask);
+                            """
+                            );
+                        default -> throw new RuntimeException("unreachable");
+                    }
+                );
+            });
+
+            var storeThatShouldNotBeLost = Template.make(() -> {
+                final int selection = testCaseRandom.nextInt(0,6);
+                final VectorType.Vector narrowerVector = CodeGenerationDataNameType.VECTOR_VECTOR_TYPES
+                                                            .stream()
+                                                            .filter(v -> v.elementType == vec.elementType && v.length <= vec.length)
+                                                            // Flip a coin on each reduction step to pick a random element.
+                                                            .reduce(null, (l, r) -> l == null ? r : (testCaseRandom.nextBoolean() ? l : r));
+                final int offset = testCaseRandom.nextInt(0, 4) == 0 ? testCaseRandom.nextInt(0, arraySize - narrowerVector.length) : 0;
+                return scope(
+                    let("offset", offset),
+                    switch (selection) {
+                        case 0, 1, 2, 3 -> scope(
+                            let("vecTy", narrowerVector),
+                            let("species", narrowerVector.speciesName),
+                            """
+                                    var vKeep = #vecTy.broadcast(#species, arrVal);
+                            """
+                            );
+                        default -> "";
+                    },
+                    switch (selection) {
+                        case 0 -> scope(
+                            """
+                                    vKeep.intoArray(a, #offset);
+                            """
+                            );
+                        case 1 -> scope(
+                            maskHook.insert(genRandomMask.asToken("keepMask", narrowerVector)),
+                            """
+                                    vKeep.intoArray(a, #offset, keepMask);
+                            """
+                            );
+                        case 2 -> scope(
+                            maskHook.insert(genRandomIdxMap.asToken("keepMap", arraySize - offset, narrowerVector.length)),
+                            """
+                                    vKeep.intoArray(a, #offset, keepMap, 0);
+                            """
+                            );
+                        case 3 -> scope(
+                            maskHook.insert(scope(
+                                genRandomIdxMap.asToken("keepMap", arraySize - offset, narrowerVector.length),
+                                genRandomMask.asToken("keepMask", narrowerVector)
+                            )),
+                            """
+                                    vKeep.intoArray(a, #offset, keepMap, 0, keepMask);
+                            """
+                            );
+                        case 4 -> scope(
+                            let("idx", testCaseRandom.nextInt(0, arraySize)),
+                            """
+                                    a[#idx] = arrVal;
+                            """
+                        );
+                        case 5 -> scope(
+                            let("idx", testCaseRandom.nextInt(0, arraySize - vec.length)),
+                            let("len", testCaseRandom.nextInt(1, vec.length + 1)),
+                            """
+                                    Arrays.fill(a, #idx, #idx + #len, arrVal);
+                            """
+                        );
+                        default -> throw new RuntimeException("unreachable");
+                    }
+                );
+            });
+
+            var storeWithHole = Template.make(() -> {
+                final int offset = testCaseRandom.nextInt(0, 4) == 0 ? testCaseRandom.nextInt(0, arraySize - vec.length) : 0;
+                return scope(
+                    let("offset", offset),
+                    switch (testCaseRandom.nextInt(0,3)) {
+                        case 0 -> scope(
+                            maskHook.insert(genRandomMask.asToken("holeMask", vec)),
+                            """
+                                    v.intoArray(a, #offset, holeMask);
+                            """
+                            );
+                        case 1 -> scope(
+                            maskHook.insert(genRandomIdxMap.asToken("holeMap", arraySize - offset, vec.length)),
+                            """
+                                    v.intoArray(a, #offset, holeMap, 0);
+                            """
+                            );
+                        case 2 -> scope(
+                            maskHook.insert(scope(
+                                genRandomIdxMap.asToken("holeMap", arraySize - offset, vec.length),
+                                genRandomMask.asToken("holeMask", vec)
+                            )),
+                            """
+                                    v.intoArray(a, #offset, holeMap, 0, holeMask);
+                            """
+                            );
+                        default -> throw new RuntimeException("unreachable");
+                    }
+                );
+            });
+
+            return Template.make(() -> scope(
+                let("pty", vec.elementType.name()),
+                let("arraySize", arraySize),
+                """
+                        #pty[] a = new #pty[#arraySize];
+
+                """,
+                maskHook.anchor(scope(
+                    // The code for generating masks and index maps goes here.
+                    let("vecTy", vec.name()),
+                    let("species", vec.speciesName),
+                """
+                        var v = #vecTy.broadcast(#species, broadcastVal);
+                """,
+                    initialStore.asToken(),
+                    storeThatShouldNotBeLost.asToken(),
+                    storeWithHole.asToken()
+                )),
+                """
+                        return a;
+                """
+            ));
+        }
+    }
+}

From 647c195d48fd0cf2b027085f69e1f116996ef108 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Patricio Chilano Mateo <pchilanomate@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 20 Jul 2026 18:13:19 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 293/707] 8386116:
 vm/jvmti/StopThread/stop001/stop00103/stop00103a.html trips
 assert(!java_lang_Thread::is_in_vthread_transition(vthread)) failed

Reviewed-by: dholmes, sspitsyn, dcubed
---
 src/hotspot/share/prims/downcallLinker.cpp    |   4 +
 src/hotspot/share/prims/downcallLinker.hpp    |   3 +
 src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnv.cpp          |  30 +----
 src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnvBase.cpp      |  96 +++++++++++++
 src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnvBase.hpp      |  13 +-
 .../share/runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp |   6 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp      |  27 +---
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.hpp      |  41 +++++-
 .../StopThreadTest2/StopThreadTest2.java      | 127 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../StopThreadTest2/libStopThreadTest2.cpp    |  83 ++++++++++++
 .../nsk/jdb/kill/kill001/kill001.java         |   3 +-
 11 files changed, 378 insertions(+), 55 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/vthread/StopThreadTest2/StopThreadTest2.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/vthread/StopThreadTest2/libStopThreadTest2.cpp

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/downcallLinker.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/downcallLinker.cpp
index cbef9841652..795e34ac04a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/downcallLinker.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/downcallLinker.cpp
@@ -73,6 +73,10 @@ JVM_LEAF(void, DowncallLinker::capture_state_post(int32_t* value_ptr, int captur
   }
 JVM_END
 
+bool DowncallLinker::is_downcall_stub(const CodeBlob* cb) {
+  return cb != nullptr && cb->is_runtime_stub() && (strcmp(cb->name(), "nep_invoker_blob") == 0);
+}
+
 void DowncallLinker::StubGenerator::add_offsets_to_oops(GrowableArray<VMStorage>& java_regs, VMStorage tmp1, VMStorage tmp2) const {
   int reg_idx = 0;
   for (int sig_idx = 0; sig_idx < _num_args; sig_idx++) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/downcallLinker.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/downcallLinker.hpp
index 519e84281ce..9ab86a72de4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/downcallLinker.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/downcallLinker.hpp
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "runtime/stubCodeGenerator.hpp"
 
 class RuntimeStub;
+class CodeBlob;
 
 class DowncallLinker: AllStatic {
 public:
@@ -45,6 +46,8 @@ class DowncallLinker: AllStatic {
   static void JNICALL capture_state_pre(int32_t* value_ptr, int captured_state_mask);
   static void JNICALL capture_state_post(int32_t* value_ptr, int captured_state_mask);
 
+  static bool is_downcall_stub(const CodeBlob* cb);
+
   class StubGenerator : public StubCodeGenerator {
     BasicType* _signature;
     int _num_args;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnv.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnv.cpp
index 9c5abdf790b..bd0552e45b1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnv.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -1205,35 +1205,13 @@ jvmtiError
 JvmtiEnv::StopThread(jthread thread, jobject exception) {
   JavaThread* current_thread = JavaThread::current();
 
-  MountUnmountDisabler disabler(thread);
-  ThreadsListHandle tlh(current_thread);
-  JavaThread* java_thread = nullptr;
-  oop thread_oop = nullptr;
-
   NULL_CHECK(thread, JVMTI_ERROR_INVALID_THREAD);
-
-  jvmtiError err = get_threadOop_and_JavaThread(tlh.list(), thread, current_thread, &java_thread, &thread_oop);
-
-  bool is_virtual = thread_oop != nullptr && thread_oop->is_a(vmClasses::BaseVirtualThread_klass());
-
-  if (is_virtual && !is_JavaThread_current(java_thread, thread_oop)) {
-    if (!is_vthread_suspended(thread_oop, java_thread)) {
-      return JVMTI_ERROR_THREAD_NOT_SUSPENDED;
-    }
-    if (java_thread == nullptr) { // unmounted virtual thread
-      return JVMTI_ERROR_OPAQUE_FRAME;
-    }
-  }
-  if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
-    return err;
-  }
   oop e = JNIHandles::resolve_external_guard(exception);
   NULL_CHECK(e, JVMTI_ERROR_NULL_POINTER);
 
-  JavaThread::send_async_exception(java_thread, e);
-
-  return JVMTI_ERROR_NONE;
-
+  StopThreadClosure op(current_thread, e);
+  JvmtiHandshake::execute(&op, thread);
+  return op.result();
 } /* end StopThread */
 
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnvBase.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnvBase.cpp
index 4c9e3d67d5f..beb7bac2a49 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnvBase.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnvBase.cpp
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oopHandle.inline.hpp"
+#include "prims/downcallLinker.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiEnvBase.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiEventController.inline.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExtensions.hpp"
@@ -2397,6 +2398,101 @@ JvmtiModuleClosure::get_all_modules(JvmtiEnv* env, jint* module_count_ptr, jobje
   return JVMTI_ERROR_NONE;
 }
 
+
+static bool is_async_unsafe_method(Method* m) {
+  return m != nullptr &&
+         (m->method_holder() == vmClasses::VirtualThread_klass() ||
+         // Checks for VirtualThread$VThreadContinuation$1.run
+         (m->name() == vmSymbols::run_method_name() && m->jvmti_hide_events()));
+}
+
+class StopThreadAsyncClosure : public AsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure {
+ public:
+  StopThreadAsyncClosure(OopHandle& exception)
+    : AsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure(exception, "StopThreadAsyncClosure") {}
+
+  virtual void do_thread(Thread* thread) {
+    JavaThread* java_thread = JavaThread::cast(thread);
+    DEBUG_ONLY(vframeStream vfst(java_thread);)
+    assert(vfst.at_end() || !is_async_unsafe_method(vfst.method()), "missing transition to Java with no async processing");
+    assert(!java_thread->is_in_vthread_transition(), "should not throw inside transition");
+
+    AsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure::do_thread(java_thread);
+  }
+};
+
+StopThreadClosure::StopThreadClosure(JavaThread* current_thread, oop exception)
+  : JvmtiUnitedHandshakeClosure("StopThread"), _exception(current_thread, exception) {}
+
+void
+StopThreadClosure::doit(JavaThread* target) {
+  OopHandle e(Universe::vm_global(), _exception());
+  target->install_async_exception(new StopThreadAsyncClosure(e));
+  _result = JVMTI_ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+void
+StopThreadClosure::do_thread(Thread* target) {
+  assert(_target_jt == JavaThread::cast(target), "sanity check");
+
+  oop target_oop = _target_jt->threadObj();
+  if (target_oop->is_a(vmClasses::BaseVirtualThread_klass())) {
+    if (!_self && !JvmtiEnvBase::is_vthread_suspended(target_oop, _target_jt)) {
+      _result = JVMTI_ERROR_THREAD_NOT_SUSPENDED;
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+  doit(_target_jt);
+}
+
+void
+StopThreadClosure::do_vthread(Handle target_h) {
+  if (!_self && !JvmtiVTSuspender::is_vthread_suspended(target_h())) {
+    _result = JVMTI_ERROR_THREAD_NOT_SUSPENDED;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (_target_jt == nullptr) {
+    _result = JVMTI_ERROR_OPAQUE_FRAME;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (_target_jt->on_monitor_waited_event()) {
+    // The exception could end up being thrown in the
+    // carrier so skip this case.
+    _result = JVMTI_ERROR_OPAQUE_FRAME;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  vframeStream vfst(_target_jt);
+  Method* m = vfst.method();
+  if (is_async_unsafe_method(m)) {
+    // Throwing from a VirtualThread method might leave the
+    // virtual thread in an inconsistent state. The current
+    // implementation simply checks the top method, which is
+    // enough to fix known issues where transition bits could
+    // be left in an invalid state and trigger assertion failures.
+    // A more thorough approach would be to walk the stack and
+    // check for VirtualThread methods further up (excluding
+    // VirtualThread.run and VirtualThread$VThreadContinuation$1.run
+    // which are always present).
+    _result = JVMTI_ERROR_OPAQUE_FRAME;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (_target_jt->at_no_async_entry_count() > 0
+      || _target_jt->is_at_poll_safepoint()
+      || DowncallLinker::is_downcall_stub(_target_jt->last_frame().cb())) {
+    // The target will defer processing of the async exception to
+    // some later safepoint poll. We cannot guarantee where that
+    // will be so we conservatively skip this case.
+    _result = JVMTI_ERROR_OPAQUE_FRAME;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  doit(_target_jt);
+}
+
 void
 UpdateForPopTopFrameClosure::doit(Thread *target) {
   Thread* current_thread  = Thread::current();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnvBase.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnvBase.hpp
index d7cc12f2fbd..4602c100371 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnvBase.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnvBase.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -532,6 +532,17 @@ class SetForceEarlyReturn : public JvmtiUnitedHandshakeClosure {
   }
 };
 
+// HandshakeClosure to send an asynchronous exception to target.
+class StopThreadClosure : public JvmtiUnitedHandshakeClosure {
+ private:
+  Handle _exception;
+ public:
+  StopThreadClosure(JavaThread* current_thread, oop exception);
+  void doit(JavaThread* target);
+  void do_thread(Thread* target);
+  void do_vthread(Handle target_h);
+};
+
 // HandshakeClosure to update for pop top frame.
 class UpdateForPopTopFrameClosure : public JvmtiUnitedHandshakeClosure {
 private:
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp
index bf9bd82b47c..7809e66058f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2021, Azul Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -126,9 +126,11 @@ class ThreadStateTransition : public StackObj {
 };
 
 class ThreadInVMfromJava : public ThreadStateTransition {
+  AtNoAsyncEntryMark anaem;
   bool _check_asyncs;
  public:
-  ThreadInVMfromJava(JavaThread* thread, bool check_asyncs = true) : ThreadStateTransition(thread), _check_asyncs(check_asyncs) {
+  ThreadInVMfromJava(JavaThread* thread, bool check_asyncs = true)
+    : ThreadStateTransition(thread), anaem(thread, !check_asyncs), _check_asyncs(check_asyncs) {
     transition_from_java(thread, _thread_in_vm);
   }
   ~ThreadInVMfromJava()  {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp
index 2f3695202ab..12ef44c9b34 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp
@@ -326,6 +326,8 @@ JavaThread::JavaThread(MemTag mem_tag) :
 
   _suspend_flags(0),
 
+  _at_no_async_entry_count(0),
+
   _thread_state(_thread_new),
   _saved_exception_pc(nullptr),
 #ifdef ASSERT
@@ -971,6 +973,9 @@ void JavaThread::handle_async_exception(oop java_throwable) {
 }
 
 void JavaThread::install_async_exception(AsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure* aehc) {
+  DEBUG_ONLY(Thread* current = Thread::current();)
+  assert(is_handshake_safe_for(current), "must be");
+
   // Do not throw asynchronous exceptions against the compiler thread
   // or if the thread is already exiting.
   if (!can_call_java() || is_exiting()) {
@@ -996,28 +1001,6 @@ void JavaThread::install_async_exception(AsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure* aehc) {
   }
 }
 
-class InstallAsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure : public HandshakeClosure {
-  AsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure* _aehc;
-public:
-  InstallAsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure(AsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure* aehc) :
-    HandshakeClosure("InstallAsyncException"), _aehc(aehc) {}
-  ~InstallAsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure() {
-    // If InstallAsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure was never executed we need to clean up _aehc.
-    delete _aehc;
-  }
-  void do_thread(Thread* thr) {
-    JavaThread* target = JavaThread::cast(thr);
-    target->install_async_exception(_aehc);
-    _aehc = nullptr;
-  }
-};
-
-void JavaThread::send_async_exception(JavaThread* target, oop java_throwable) {
-  OopHandle e(Universe::vm_global(), java_throwable);
-  InstallAsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure iaeh(new AsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure(e));
-  Handshake::execute(&iaeh, target);
-}
-
 bool JavaThread::is_in_vthread_transition() const {
   DEBUG_ONLY(Thread* current = Thread::current();)
   assert(is_handshake_safe_for(current) || SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint()
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.hpp
index 9e3c629ad78..cd757ed8ec1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.hpp
@@ -230,16 +230,16 @@ class JavaThread: public Thread {
 
   // Asynchronous exception support
  private:
-  friend class InstallAsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure;
   friend class AsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure;
   friend class HandshakeState;
 
+  int _at_no_async_entry_count;  // Tracks JRT_xxx_NO_ASYNC entry points
+
   void handle_async_exception(oop java_throwable);
  public:
-  void install_async_exception(AsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure* aec = nullptr);
+  void install_async_exception(AsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure* aec);
   bool has_async_exception_condition();
   inline void set_pending_unsafe_access_error();
-  static void send_async_exception(JavaThread* jt, oop java_throwable);
 
   class NoAsyncExceptionDeliveryMark : public StackObj {
     friend JavaThread;
@@ -248,6 +248,20 @@ class JavaThread: public Thread {
     inline ~NoAsyncExceptionDeliveryMark();
   };
 
+  int at_no_async_entry_count() const {
+    assert(is_handshake_safe_for(Thread::current()), "Should only be invoked from within a handshake!");
+    assert(_at_no_async_entry_count >= 0, "");
+    return _at_no_async_entry_count;
+  }
+  void inc_at_no_async_entry_count() {
+    assert(_at_no_async_entry_count >= 0, "");
+    _at_no_async_entry_count++;
+  }
+  void dec_at_no_async_entry_count() {
+    _at_no_async_entry_count--;
+    assert(_at_no_async_entry_count >= 0, "");
+  }
+
   // Safepoint support
  public:                                                        // Expose _thread_state for SafeFetchInt()
   volatile JavaThreadState _thread_state;
@@ -1338,4 +1352,25 @@ class ThrowingUnsafeAccessError : public StackObj {
   }
 };
 
+// Tracks Java->VM entry points that defer async exception
+// processing on the transition back to Java (except the
+// safepoint poll from compiled code which is already
+// tracked by JavaThread::is_at_poll_safepoint()).
+class AtNoAsyncEntryMark : public StackObj {
+  JavaThread* _target;
+  bool _do_count;
+ public:
+  AtNoAsyncEntryMark(JavaThread* jt, bool do_count)
+    : _target(jt), _do_count(do_count) {
+    if (_do_count) {
+      _target->inc_at_no_async_entry_count();
+    }
+  }
+  ~AtNoAsyncEntryMark() {
+    if (_do_count) {
+      _target->dec_at_no_async_entry_count();
+    }
+  }
+};
+
 #endif // SHARE_RUNTIME_JAVATHREAD_HPP
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/vthread/StopThreadTest2/StopThreadTest2.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/vthread/StopThreadTest2/StopThreadTest2.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..166fb799da2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/vthread/StopThreadTest2/StopThreadTest2.java
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8386116
+ * @summary Test suspending and sending async exception to a yielding virtual thread
+ * @requires vm.continuations
+ * @requires vm.jvmti
+ * @requires test.thread.factory == null
+ * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg
+ * @run main/othervm/native -agentlib:StopThreadTest2 StopThreadTest2 1
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8386116
+ * @summary Test suspending and sending async exception to a virtual thread with empty task
+ * @requires vm.continuations
+ * @requires vm.jvmti
+ * @requires test.thread.factory == null
+ * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg
+ * @run main/othervm/native -agentlib:StopThreadTest2 StopThreadTest2 2
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
+
+public class StopThreadTest2 {
+    static final int MAX_VTHREAD_COUNT = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors();
+    static volatile boolean done;
+    static AtomicInteger asyncThrownCounter = new AtomicInteger();
+
+    private static native void suspendAllVirtualThreads();
+    private static native void resumeAllVirtualThreads();
+    private static native boolean stopThread(Thread thread, Throwable th, boolean allowNotAlive);
+
+    public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
+        int testCase = (args.length > 0) ? Integer.parseInt(args[0]) : 1;
+        switch (testCase) {
+            case 1 -> testStopAtYield();
+            case 2 -> testStopAtEmptyTask();
+            default -> throw new RuntimeException("Invalid test case");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void foo(CountDownLatch started) {
+        try {
+            started.countDown();
+            while (!done) {
+                Thread.yield();
+            }
+        } catch (MyException t) {
+            asyncThrownCounter.incrementAndGet();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test StopThread targeting virtual thread calling Thread.yield
+     */
+    static void testStopAtYield() throws Exception {
+        Thread[] vthreads = new Thread[MAX_VTHREAD_COUNT];
+        for (int i = 0; i < MAX_VTHREAD_COUNT; i++) {
+            var started = new CountDownLatch(1);
+            vthreads[i] = Thread.ofVirtual().name("VThread#" + i).start(() -> foo(started));
+            started.await();
+        }
+
+        int asyncInstalledCounter = 0;
+        suspendAllVirtualThreads();
+        for (Thread vthread : vthreads) {
+            if (stopThread(vthread, new MyException(), /*allowNotAlive*/false)) {
+                asyncInstalledCounter++;
+            }
+        }
+        resumeAllVirtualThreads();
+        done = true;
+
+        for (Thread vthread : vthreads) {
+            vthread.join();
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEquals(asyncInstalledCounter, asyncThrownCounter.get());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test StopThread targeting virtual thread executing empty task
+     */
+    static void testStopAtEmptyTask() throws Exception {
+        Thread[] vthreads = new Thread[MAX_VTHREAD_COUNT];
+        for (int i = 0; i < MAX_VTHREAD_COUNT; i++) {
+            vthreads[i] = Thread.ofVirtual().name("VThread#" + i).start(() -> {});
+        }
+
+        suspendAllVirtualThreads();
+        for (Thread vthread : vthreads) {
+            stopThread(vthread, new MyException(), /*allowNotAlive*/true);
+        }
+        resumeAllVirtualThreads();
+
+        for (Thread vthread : vthreads) {
+            vthread.join();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class MyException extends RuntimeException {}
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/vthread/StopThreadTest2/libStopThreadTest2.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/vthread/StopThreadTest2/libStopThreadTest2.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ec591f9c593
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/vthread/StopThreadTest2/libStopThreadTest2.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <jni.h>
+#include <jvmti.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "jvmti_common.hpp"
+
+// set by Agent_OnLoad
+static jvmtiEnv* jvmti = nullptr;
+
+extern "C" {
+
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+Java_StopThreadTest2_suspendAllVirtualThreads(JNIEnv* jni, jclass cls) {
+  check_jvmti_status(jni, jvmti->SuspendAllVirtualThreads(0, nullptr), "Error in SuspendAllVirtualThreads");
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+Java_StopThreadTest2_resumeAllVirtualThreads(JNIEnv* jni, jclass cls) {
+  check_jvmti_status(jni, jvmti->ResumeAllVirtualThreads(0, nullptr), "Error in ResumeAllVirtualThreads");
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
+Java_StopThreadTest2_stopThread(JNIEnv* jni, jclass cls, jthread thread, jobject exception, jboolean allowNotAlive) {
+  jvmtiError err = jvmti->StopThread(thread, exception);
+  // The target might be suspended at a VirtualThread method
+  // so we ignore JVMTI_ERROR_OPAQUE_FRAME.
+  if (err == JVMTI_ERROR_OPAQUE_FRAME || (allowNotAlive && err == JVMTI_ERROR_THREAD_NOT_ALIVE)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  check_jvmti_status(jni, err, "Error during StopThread()");
+  return true;
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Agent_OnLoad(JavaVM* jvm, char* options, void* reserved) {
+  jvmtiCapabilities caps;
+  jvmtiError err;
+
+  LOG("Agent_OnLoad: started\n");
+  if (jvm->GetEnv((void **) (&jvmti), JVMTI_VERSION) != JNI_OK) {
+    LOG("Agent_OnLoad: error in GetEnv");
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+
+  memset(&caps, 0, sizeof(caps));
+  caps.can_suspend = 1;
+  caps.can_signal_thread = 1;
+  caps.can_support_virtual_threads = 1;
+  err = jvmti->AddCapabilities(&caps);
+  if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+    LOG("Agent_OnLoad: error in JVMTI AddCapabilities: %d\n", err);
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+
+  LOG("Agent_OnLoad: finished\n");
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+} // extern "C"
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/kill/kill001/kill001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/kill/kill001/kill001.java
index a96498954b6..885d5762922 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/kill/kill001/kill001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/kill/kill001/kill001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
  *
  * @library /vmTestbase
  *          /test/lib
+ * @requires test.thread.factory == null
  * @build nsk.jdb.kill.kill001.kill001a
  * @run driver
  *      nsk.jdb.kill.kill001.kill001

From ffd46e01a6ee075768badfcf27755719585616e0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David CARLIER <devnexen@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 20 Jul 2026 18:13:47 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 294/707] 8388464: New test
 serviceability/jvmti/GetLocalVariable/GetSetLocalSlotOverflow.java is failing
 with virtual threads

Reviewed-by: cjplummer, dholmes
---
 .../GetSetLocalSlotOverflow.java               | 12 +++++++++---
 .../libGetSetLocalSlotOverflow.cpp             | 18 ++++++++++++------
 2 files changed, 21 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetLocalVariable/GetSetLocalSlotOverflow.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetLocalVariable/GetSetLocalSlotOverflow.java
index 09073d99bfb..974729998e9 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetLocalVariable/GetSetLocalSlotOverflow.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetLocalVariable/GetSetLocalSlotOverflow.java
@@ -42,7 +42,10 @@
  * so the guard passes and the code goes on to index locals->at(INT_MAX).
  *
  * Expected (fixed) behavior: GetLocalLong/Double and SetLocalLong/Double with
- * slot == INT_MAX return JVMTI_ERROR_INVALID_SLOT.
+ * slot == INT_MAX return JVMTI_ERROR_INVALID_SLOT. JVMTI only supports SetLocal
+ * on the topmost frame of a virtual thread, and the targeted runner() frame is
+ * not topmost, so on a virtual thread SetLocal is rejected before the slot check
+ * is reached and cannot exercise the overflow; the set sub-tests are skipped there.
  *
  * On an unfixed VM this test does not merely fail: the out-of-bounds access
  * crashes the VM (assertion failure in fastdebug, SIGSEGV / silent corruption
@@ -52,8 +55,10 @@
 public class GetSetLocalSlotOverflow {
 
     // Invoked from runner(); the agent inspects the runner() frame at depth 1.
+    // JVMTI only supports SetLocal on the topmost frame of a virtual thread, so
+    // the agent skips the set sub-tests when the thread is virtual.
     // Returns false if any accessor did not return JVMTI_ERROR_INVALID_SLOT.
-    static native boolean testOverflow(Thread thread);
+    static native boolean testOverflow(Thread thread, boolean isVirtual);
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         if (!runner()) {
@@ -67,7 +72,8 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
     public static boolean runner() {
         long l = 0xCAFEBABEL;
         double d = 3.14d;
-        boolean ok = testOverflow(Thread.currentThread());
+        Thread self = Thread.currentThread();
+        boolean ok = testOverflow(self, self.isVirtual());
         // Keep locals live across the native call.
         if (l == 0 && d == 0) {
             throw new AssertionError("unreachable");
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetLocalVariable/libGetSetLocalSlotOverflow.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetLocalVariable/libGetSetLocalSlotOverflow.cpp
index 98872ddf0de..83e5dd5011a 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetLocalVariable/libGetSetLocalSlotOverflow.cpp
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetLocalVariable/libGetSetLocalSlotOverflow.cpp
@@ -37,9 +37,9 @@ static const jint OverflowSlot = INT_MAX; // 0x7fffffff
 
 static jvmtiEnv *jvmti = nullptr;
 
-// Each access below MUST come back as JVMTI_ERROR_INVALID_SLOT. On an unfixed
-// VM the overflowing bounds check is bypassed and the subsequent
-// locals->at(INT_MAX) access crashes the VM before we ever see a return code.
+// Each access must come back as JVMTI_ERROR_INVALID_SLOT. On an unfixed VM the
+// overflowing bounds check is bypassed and the subsequent locals->at(INT_MAX)
+// access crashes the VM before we ever see a return code.
 static bool expect_invalid_slot(const char* what, jvmtiError err) {
   if (err == JVMTI_ERROR_INVALID_SLOT) {
     LOG(" PASS: %s returned JVMTI_ERROR_INVALID_SLOT (%d) for slot=INT_MAX\n", what, err);
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ static bool expect_invalid_slot(const char* what, jvmtiError err) {
 }
 
 JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
-Java_GetSetLocalSlotOverflow_testOverflow(JNIEnv *env, jclass cls, jobject thread) {
+Java_GetSetLocalSlotOverflow_testOverflow(JNIEnv *env, jclass cls, jobject thread, jboolean isVirtual) {
   if (jvmti == nullptr) {
     LOG("JVMTI client was not properly loaded!\n");
     return JNI_FALSE;
@@ -64,8 +64,14 @@ Java_GetSetLocalSlotOverflow_testOverflow(JNIEnv *env, jclass cls, jobject threa
   bool ok = true;
   ok &= expect_invalid_slot("GetLocalLong",   jvmti->GetLocalLong(thread, Depth, OverflowSlot, &lval));
   ok &= expect_invalid_slot("GetLocalDouble", jvmti->GetLocalDouble(thread, Depth, OverflowSlot, &dval));
-  ok &= expect_invalid_slot("SetLocalLong",   jvmti->SetLocalLong(thread, Depth, OverflowSlot, (jlong)0));
-  ok &= expect_invalid_slot("SetLocalDouble", jvmti->SetLocalDouble(thread, Depth, OverflowSlot, (jdouble)0));
+
+  // JVMTI only supports SetLocal on the topmost frame of a virtual thread. The
+  // runner() frame is not topmost, so on a virtual thread SetLocal is rejected
+  // before the slot check runs and cannot exercise the overflow -- skip it there.
+  if (!isVirtual) {
+    ok &= expect_invalid_slot("SetLocalLong",   jvmti->SetLocalLong(thread, Depth, OverflowSlot, (jlong)0));
+    ok &= expect_invalid_slot("SetLocalDouble", jvmti->SetLocalDouble(thread, Depth, OverflowSlot, (jdouble)0));
+  }
   return ok ? JNI_TRUE : JNI_FALSE;
 }
 

From 933596805707770f91b5dc518ed9245060fac5dc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yasumasa Suenaga <ysuenaga@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 21 Jul 2026 06:13:47 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 295/707] 8386593: AArch64:
 serviceability/sa/TestJhsdbJstackMixedWithXComp.java fails on Ubuntu 26.04

Reviewed-by: cjplummer, dzhang
---
 make/modules/jdk.hotspot.agent/Lib.gmk        |  3 +
 .../cpu/aarch64/vm_version_aarch64.cpp        | 14 ++--
 .../native/libsaproc/AARCH64DwarfParser.cpp   | 61 ++++++++++++++++
 .../libsaproc/LinuxAARCH64DebuggerLocal.cpp   | 39 ++++++++++
 .../native/libsaproc/LinuxDebuggerLocal.cpp   | 12 ----
 .../linux/native/libsaproc/aarch64Dwarf.cpp   | 72 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../linux/native/libsaproc/aarch64Dwarf.hpp   | 57 +++++++++++++++
 .../linux/native/libsaproc/dwarf.cpp          | 22 ++----
 .../linux/native/libsaproc/dwarf.hpp          | 18 ++++-
 .../classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/HotSpotAgent.java | 39 +++++-----
 .../debugger/MachineDescriptionAArch64.java   | 18 ++++-
 .../hotspot/debugger/linux/DwarfCFrame.java   |  4 +-
 .../hotspot/debugger/linux/DwarfParser.java   | 12 +++-
 .../debugger/linux/LinuxDebuggerLocal.java    | 10 ++-
 .../linux/aarch64/AARCH64DwarfParser.java     | 49 +++++++++++++
 .../linux/aarch64/LinuxAARCH64CFrame.java     | 14 ++++
 .../aarch64/LinuxAARCH64DebuggerLocal.java    | 53 ++++++++++++++
 .../hotspot/runtime/aarch64/AARCH64Frame.java |  8 +++
 18 files changed, 443 insertions(+), 62 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/AARCH64DwarfParser.cpp
 create mode 100644 src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/LinuxAARCH64DebuggerLocal.cpp
 create mode 100644 src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/aarch64Dwarf.cpp
 create mode 100644 src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/aarch64Dwarf.hpp
 create mode 100644 src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/aarch64/AARCH64DwarfParser.java
 create mode 100644 src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/aarch64/LinuxAARCH64DebuggerLocal.java

diff --git a/make/modules/jdk.hotspot.agent/Lib.gmk b/make/modules/jdk.hotspot.agent/Lib.gmk
index da02e0dab39..5c450655046 100644
--- a/make/modules/jdk.hotspot.agent/Lib.gmk
+++ b/make/modules/jdk.hotspot.agent/Lib.gmk
@@ -60,6 +60,9 @@ LIBSAPROC_EXCLUDE_FILES :=
 ifneq ($(call And, $(call isTargetOs, linux) $(call isTargetCpu, x86_64 aarch64)), true)
   LIBSAPROC_EXCLUDE_FILES := DwarfParser.cpp dwarf.cpp
 endif
+ifneq ($(call And, $(call isTargetOs, linux) $(call isTargetCpu, aarch64)), true)
+  LIBSAPROC_EXCLUDE_FILES += AARCH64DwarfParser.cpp aarch64Dwarf.cpp LinuxAARCH64DebuggerLocal.cpp
+endif
 
 $(eval $(call SetupJdkLibrary, BUILD_LIBSAPROC, \
     NAME := saproc, \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/vm_version_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/vm_version_aarch64.cpp
index 5462ccf2a76..10e70127ac8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/vm_version_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/vm_version_aarch64.cpp
@@ -544,6 +544,13 @@ void VM_Version::initialize() {
     UsePopCountInstruction = true;
   }
 
+  if (supports_paca()) {
+    // Determine the mask of address bits used for PAC. Clear bit 55 of
+    // the input to make it look like a user address.
+    // This mask would be used in mixed jstack in SA.
+    _pac_mask = (uintptr_t)pauth_strip_pointer((address)~(UINT64_C(1) << 55));
+  }
+
   if (UseBranchProtection == nullptr || strcmp(UseBranchProtection, "none") == 0) {
     _rop_protection = false;
   } else if (strcmp(UseBranchProtection, "standard") == 0 ||
@@ -565,13 +572,6 @@ void VM_Version::initialize() {
   } else {
     vm_exit_during_initialization(err_msg("Unsupported UseBranchProtection: %s", UseBranchProtection));
   }
-
-  if (_rop_protection == true) {
-    // Determine the mask of address bits used for PAC. Clear bit 55 of
-    // the input to make it look like a user address.
-    _pac_mask = (uintptr_t)pauth_strip_pointer((address)~(UINT64_C(1) << 55));
-  }
-
 #ifdef COMPILER2
   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseMultiplyToLenIntrinsic)) {
     UseMultiplyToLenIntrinsic = true;
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/AARCH64DwarfParser.cpp b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/AARCH64DwarfParser.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b6a5d7ec318
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/AARCH64DwarfParser.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, NTT DATA.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <jni.h>
+
+#include "aarch64Dwarf.hpp"
+
+/*
+ * Class:     sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_linux_aarch64_AARCH64DwarfParser
+ * Method:    createDwarfContext
+ * Signature: (J)J
+ */
+extern "C"
+JNIEXPORT jlong JNICALL Java_sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_linux_aarch64_AARCH64DwarfParser_createDwarfContext
+  (JNIEnv *env, jclass this_cls, jlong lib) {
+  AARCH64DwarfParser *parser = new AARCH64DwarfParser(reinterpret_cast<lib_info *>(lib));
+  if (!parser->is_parseable()) {
+    jclass ex_cls = env->FindClass("sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/DebuggerException");
+    if (!env->ExceptionCheck()) {
+        env->ThrowNew(ex_cls, "DWARF not found");
+    }
+    delete parser;
+    return 0L;
+  }
+
+  return reinterpret_cast<jlong>(parser);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Class:     sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_linux_aarch64_AARCH64DwarfParser
+ * Method:    isRASigned0
+ * Signature: (J)Z
+ */
+extern "C"
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL Java_sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_linux_aarch64_AARCH64DwarfParser_isRASigned0
+  (JNIEnv *env, jobject this_obj, jlong inst) {
+  AARCH64DwarfParser *parser = reinterpret_cast<AARCH64DwarfParser *>(inst);
+  return static_cast<jboolean>(parser->is_ra_signed());
+}
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/LinuxAARCH64DebuggerLocal.cpp b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/LinuxAARCH64DebuggerLocal.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4f96241674b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/LinuxAARCH64DebuggerLocal.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, NTT DATA.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <jni.h>
+#include "libproc.h"
+
+
+/*
+ * Class:     sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_linux_aarch64_LinuxAARCH64DebuggerLocal
+ * Method:    isPACEnabled0
+ * Signature: (J)Z
+ */
+extern "C"
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL Java_sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_linux_aarch64_LinuxAARCH64DebuggerLocal_isPACEnabled0
+  (JNIEnv *env, jobject this_obj, jlong inst) {
+  return pac_enabled(reinterpret_cast<struct ps_prochandle*>(inst));
+}
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/LinuxDebuggerLocal.cpp b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/LinuxDebuggerLocal.cpp
index 214e2f21ac6..de6e9fcc4fc 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/LinuxDebuggerLocal.cpp
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/LinuxDebuggerLocal.cpp
@@ -290,12 +290,6 @@ JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_linux_LinuxDebuggerLocal_at
     THROW_NEW_DEBUGGER_EXCEPTION(msg);
   }
 
-#ifdef __aarch64__
-  if (pac_enabled(ph)) {
-    printf("WARNING: PAC is enabled. Stack traces might be incomplete.\n");
-  }
-#endif
-
   env->SetLongField(this_obj, p_ps_prochandle_ID, (jlong)(intptr_t)ph);
   fillThreadsAndLoadObjects(env, this_obj, ph);
 }
@@ -321,12 +315,6 @@ JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_linux_LinuxDebuggerLocal_at
     THROW_NEW_DEBUGGER_EXCEPTION("Can't attach to the core file. For more information, export LIBSAPROC_DEBUG=1 and try again.");
   }
 
-#ifdef __aarch64__
-  if (pac_enabled(ph)) {
-    printf("WARNING: PAC is enabled. Stack traces might be incomplete.\n");
-  }
-#endif
-
   env->SetLongField(this_obj, p_ps_prochandle_ID, (jlong)(intptr_t)ph);
   fillThreadsAndLoadObjects(env, this_obj, ph);
 }
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/aarch64Dwarf.cpp b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/aarch64Dwarf.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e357dffddc2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/aarch64Dwarf.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, NTT DATA.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "aarch64Dwarf.hpp"
+
+
+bool AARCH64DwarfParser::process_arch_specific_dwarf_instructions(const unsigned char op) {
+  switch(op) {
+    case 0x2d: // DW_CFA_AARCH64_negate_ra_state
+      if (_sign_state == RA_NOT_SIGNED) {
+        _sign_state = RA_SIGNED_SP;
+      } else if (_sign_state == RA_SIGNED_SP) {
+        _sign_state = RA_NOT_SIGNED;
+      } else {
+        print_error("DWARF: DW_CFA_AARCH64_negate_ra_state: illegal state (%d)\n", _sign_state);
+        return false;
+      }
+      break;
+    case 0x2c: // DW_CFA_AARCH64_negate_ra_state_with_pc
+      if (_sign_state == RA_NOT_SIGNED) {
+        _sign_state = RA_SIGNED_SP_PC;
+      } else if (_sign_state == RA_SIGNED_SP_PC) {
+        _sign_state = RA_NOT_SIGNED;
+      } else {
+        print_error("DWARF: DW_CFA_AARCH64_negate_ra_state_with_pc: illegal state (%d)\n", _sign_state);
+        return false;
+      }
+      break;
+    case 0x2b: // DW_CFA_AARCH64_set_ra_state
+      _sign_state = static_cast<RASignState>(read_leb(false));
+      read_leb(false); // operand 2: dummy
+      break;
+    default:
+      return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+void AARCH64DwarfParser::remember_arch_specific_state() {
+  remember_state.push(_sign_state);
+}
+
+void AARCH64DwarfParser::restore_arch_specific_state() {
+  if (remember_state.empty()) {
+    print_error("DWARF Error: DW_CFA_restore_state for AArch64 is empty.\n");
+    return;
+  }
+  _sign_state = remember_state.top();
+  remember_state.pop();
+}
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/aarch64Dwarf.hpp b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/aarch64Dwarf.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d57ce9ab711
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/aarch64Dwarf.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, NTT DATA.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef AARCH64_DWARF_H
+#define AARCH64_DWARF_H
+
+#include <stack>
+
+#include "dwarf.hpp"
+
+enum RASignState {
+  RA_NOT_SIGNED = 0,
+  RA_SIGNED_SP,
+  RA_SIGNED_SP_PC
+};
+
+class AARCH64DwarfParser : public DwarfParser {
+  private:
+    RASignState _sign_state; // RA_SIGN_STATE pseudo DWARF register
+    std::stack<RASignState> remember_state;
+
+  protected:
+    virtual bool process_arch_specific_dwarf_instructions(const unsigned char op);
+    virtual void remember_arch_specific_state();
+    virtual void restore_arch_specific_state();
+
+  public:
+    // RA_SIGN_STATE should be initialized by DW_AARCH64_RA_NOT_SIGNED.
+    AARCH64DwarfParser(lib_info* lib) : DwarfParser(lib), _sign_state(RA_NOT_SIGNED), remember_state() {}
+    ~AARCH64DwarfParser() {}
+
+    bool is_ra_signed() { return _sign_state != RA_NOT_SIGNED; }
+};
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/dwarf.cpp b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/dwarf.cpp
index 22ddf8f167e..bb7328379f0 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/dwarf.cpp
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/dwarf.cpp
@@ -210,6 +210,7 @@ void DwarfParser::parse_dwarf_instructions(uintptr_t begin, uintptr_t pc, const
         break;
       case 0x0a: // DW_CFA_remember_state
         remember_state.push(_state);
+        remember_arch_specific_state();
         break;
       case 0x0b: // DW_CFA_restore_state
         if (remember_state.empty()) {
@@ -218,29 +219,18 @@ void DwarfParser::parse_dwarf_instructions(uintptr_t begin, uintptr_t pc, const
         }
         _state = remember_state.top();
         remember_state.pop();
+        restore_arch_specific_state();
         break;
       case 0xc0: {// DW_CFA_restore
         enum DWARF_Register reg = static_cast<enum DWARF_Register>(opa);
         _state.offset_from_cfa[reg] = _initial_state.offset_from_cfa[reg];
         break;
       }
-#ifdef __aarch64__
-      // SA hasn't yet supported Pointer Authetication Code (PAC), so following
-      // instructions would be ignored with warning message.
-      //   https://github.com/ARM-software/abi-aa/blob/2025Q4/aadwarf64/aadwarf64.rst
-      case 0x2d: // DW_CFA_AARCH64_negate_ra_state
-        print_debug("DWARF: DW_CFA_AARCH64_negate_ra_state is unimplemented.\n", op);
-        break;
-      case 0x2c: // DW_CFA_AARCH64_negate_ra_state_with_pc
-        print_debug("DWARF: DW_CFA_AARCH64_negate_ra_state_with_pc is unimplemented.\n", op);
-        break;
-      case 0x2b: // DW_CFA_AARCH64_set_ra_state
-        print_debug("DWARF: DW_CFA_AARCH64_set_ra_state is unimplemented.\n", op);
-        break;
-#endif
       default:
-        print_debug("DWARF: Unknown opcode: 0x%x\n", op);
-        return;
+        if (!process_arch_specific_dwarf_instructions(op)) {
+          print_debug("DWARF: Unknown opcode: 0x%x\n", op);
+          return;
+        }
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/dwarf.hpp b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/dwarf.hpp
index 30d5ddaa50b..38ffaceb687 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/dwarf.hpp
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/dwarf.hpp
@@ -73,16 +73,30 @@ class DwarfParser {
     struct DwarfState _state;
 
     void init_state(struct DwarfState& st);
-    uintptr_t read_leb(bool sign);
     uint64_t get_entry_length();
     bool process_cie(unsigned char *start_of_entry, uint32_t id);
     void parse_dwarf_instructions(uintptr_t begin, uintptr_t pc, const unsigned char *end);
     uint32_t get_decoded_value(unsigned char enc);
     unsigned int get_pc_range();
 
+  protected:
+    uintptr_t read_leb(bool sign);
+
+    virtual bool process_arch_specific_dwarf_instructions(const unsigned char op) {
+      return false; // Do nothing by default - it should be implemented by inherited classes.
+    };
+
+    virtual void remember_arch_specific_state() {
+      // Do nothing by default - it should be implemented by inherited classes.
+    };
+
+    virtual void restore_arch_specific_state() {
+      // Do nothing by default - it should be implemented by inherited classes.
+    };
+
   public:
     DwarfParser(lib_info *lib);
-    ~DwarfParser() {}
+    virtual ~DwarfParser() {}
     bool process_dwarf(const uintptr_t pc);
     enum DWARF_Register get_cfa_register() { return _state.cfa_reg; }
     int get_cfa_offset() { return _state.cfa_offset; }
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/HotSpotAgent.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/HotSpotAgent.java
index cb708f9b284..cea23da2c57 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/HotSpotAgent.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/HotSpotAgent.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2021, Azul Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@
 import sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.NoSuchSymbolException;
 import sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.bsd.BsdDebuggerLocal;
 import sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.linux.LinuxDebuggerLocal;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.linux.aarch64.LinuxAARCH64DebuggerLocal;
 import sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.remote.RemoteDebugger;
 import sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.remote.RemoteDebuggerClient;
 import sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.remote.RemoteDebuggerServer;
@@ -551,28 +552,28 @@ private void setupJVMLibNamesWin32() {
     private void setupDebuggerLinux() {
         setupJVMLibNamesLinux();
 
-        if (cpu.equals("amd64")) {
-            machDesc = new MachineDescriptionAMD64();
-        } else if (cpu.equals("ppc64")) {
-            machDesc = new MachineDescriptionPPC64();
-        } else if (cpu.equals("aarch64")) {
+        if (cpu.equals("aarch64")) {
             machDesc = new MachineDescriptionAArch64();
-        } else if (cpu.equals("riscv64")) {
-            machDesc = new MachineDescriptionRISCV64();
+            debugger = new LinuxAARCH64DebuggerLocal(machDesc, !isServer);
         } else {
-          try {
-            machDesc = (MachineDescription)
-              Class.forName("sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.MachineDescription" +
-                            cpu.toUpperCase()).getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();
-          } catch (Exception e) {
-            throw new DebuggerException("Linux not supported on machine type " + cpu);
-          }
+            if (cpu.equals("amd64")) {
+                machDesc = new MachineDescriptionAMD64();
+            } else if (cpu.equals("ppc64")) {
+                machDesc = new MachineDescriptionPPC64();
+            } else if (cpu.equals("riscv64")) {
+                machDesc = new MachineDescriptionRISCV64();
+            } else {
+                try {
+                    machDesc = (MachineDescription)
+                        Class.forName("sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.MachineDescription" +
+                                      cpu.toUpperCase()).getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();
+                } catch (Exception _) {
+                    throw new DebuggerException("Linux not supported on machine type " + cpu);
+                }
+            }
+            debugger = new LinuxDebuggerLocal(machDesc, !isServer);
         }
 
-        LinuxDebuggerLocal dbg =
-        new LinuxDebuggerLocal(machDesc, !isServer);
-        debugger = dbg;
-
         attachDebugger();
     }
 
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/MachineDescriptionAArch64.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/MachineDescriptionAArch64.java
index 449ab72be16..ab78cd8dfb9 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/MachineDescriptionAArch64.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/MachineDescriptionAArch64.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,6 +25,13 @@
 package sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger;
 
 public class MachineDescriptionAArch64 extends MachineDescriptionTwosComplement implements MachineDescription {
+
+  private boolean pac;
+
+  public MachineDescriptionAArch64() {
+    pac = false;
+  }
+
   public long getAddressSize() {
     return 8;
   }
@@ -36,4 +43,13 @@ public boolean isLP64() {
   public boolean isBigEndian() {
     return false;
   }
+
+  public void enablePAC() {
+    pac = true;
+  }
+
+  public boolean isPACEnabled() {
+    return pac;
+  }
+
 }
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/DwarfCFrame.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/DwarfCFrame.java
index 7baa399ea75..bc789586388 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/DwarfCFrame.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/DwarfCFrame.java
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 import sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.cdbg.CFrame;
 import sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.cdbg.ClosestSymbol;
 import sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.cdbg.basic.BasicCFrame;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.linux.aarch64.AARCH64DwarfParser;
 import sun.jvm.hotspot.runtime.VM;
 
 public class DwarfCFrame extends BasicCFrame {
@@ -53,7 +54,8 @@ public class DwarfCFrame extends BasicCFrame {
     protected static DwarfParser createDwarfParser(LinuxDebugger linuxDbg, Address pc) {
         Address libptr = linuxDbg.findLibPtrByAddress(pc);
         if (libptr != null) {
-            DwarfParser dwarf = new DwarfParser(libptr);
+            DwarfParser dwarf = linuxDbg.getCPU().equals("aarch64") ? new AARCH64DwarfParser(libptr)
+                                                                    : new DwarfParser(libptr);
             dwarf.processDwarf(pc);
             return dwarf;
         }
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/DwarfParser.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/DwarfParser.java
index 3e8099cf75b..d3185302b9c 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/DwarfParser.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/DwarfParser.java
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 
 public class DwarfParser {
   private static final Cleaner CLEANER = Cleaner.create();
-  private final long p_dwarf_context; // native dwarf context handle
+  protected final long p_dwarf_context; // native dwarf context handle
 
   private static native void init0();
   private static native long createDwarfContext(long lib);
@@ -46,8 +46,10 @@ private static Runnable cleanerFor(long context) {
     return () -> DwarfParser.destroyDwarfContext(context);
   }
 
-  public DwarfParser(Address lib) {
-    p_dwarf_context = createDwarfContext(lib.asLongValue());
+  // Declare this constructor as protected because it is danger if 3rd party classes passes
+  // non-pointer value of DwarfParser class in JNI.
+  protected DwarfParser(long ptr) {
+    p_dwarf_context = ptr;
 
     if (p_dwarf_context == 0L) {
       throw new DebuggerException("Could not create DWARF context");
@@ -56,6 +58,10 @@ public DwarfParser(Address lib) {
     CLEANER.register(this, cleanerFor(p_dwarf_context));
   }
 
+  public DwarfParser(Address lib) {
+    this(createDwarfContext(lib.asLongValue()));
+  }
+
   public boolean isIn(Address pc) {
     return isIn0(pc.asLongValue());
   }
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/LinuxDebuggerLocal.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/LinuxDebuggerLocal.java
index 856981bb73c..0a1b8a7ebeb 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/LinuxDebuggerLocal.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/LinuxDebuggerLocal.java
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ can be fetched. The readJ(Type) routines here will throw a
 public class LinuxDebuggerLocal extends DebuggerBase implements LinuxDebugger {
     private boolean useGCC32ABI;
     private boolean attached;
-    private long    p_ps_prochandle; // native debugger handle
+    protected long  p_ps_prochandle; // native debugger handle
     private boolean isCore;
 
     // CDebugger support
@@ -298,6 +298,10 @@ private void fillNSpidMap(Path proc) {
         }
     }
 
+    protected void onAttach() {
+       // Do nothing by default: it should be implemented by inherited classes.
+    }
+
     /** From the Debugger interface via JVMDebugger */
     public synchronized void attach(int processID) throws DebuggerException {
         checkAttached();
@@ -322,6 +326,8 @@ public void doit(LinuxDebuggerLocal debugger) {
               debugger.attached = true;
               debugger.isCore = false;
               findABIVersion();
+
+              onAttach();
            }
         }
 
@@ -339,6 +345,8 @@ public synchronized void attach(String execName, String coreName) {
         attached = true;
         isCore = true;
         findABIVersion();
+
+        onAttach();
     }
 
     /** From the Debugger interface via JVMDebugger */
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/aarch64/AARCH64DwarfParser.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/aarch64/AARCH64DwarfParser.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..00f986aac7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/aarch64/AARCH64DwarfParser.java
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, NTT DATA.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+package sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.linux.aarch64;
+
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.Address;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.linux.DwarfParser;
+
+
+public class AARCH64DwarfParser extends DwarfParser {
+
+    private static native long createDwarfContext(long lib);
+
+    public AARCH64DwarfParser(Address lib) {
+        super(createDwarfContext(lib.asLongValue()));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return true if return address (RA) is signed by PAC.
+     */
+    public boolean isRASigned() {
+        return isRASigned0(p_dwarf_context);
+    }
+
+    public native boolean isRASigned0(long inst);
+
+}
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/aarch64/LinuxAARCH64CFrame.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/aarch64/LinuxAARCH64CFrame.java
index 8e09502cc37..fe05fd13dee 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/aarch64/LinuxAARCH64CFrame.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/aarch64/LinuxAARCH64CFrame.java
@@ -120,6 +120,13 @@ private JavaThread getJavaThreadFromThreadProxy(ThreadProxy tp) {
      throw new DebuggerException("JavaThread not found");
    }
 
+   // Most of code is copied from AARCH64Frame.java.
+   // CFrame need to consider PAC in native frame even if -XX:UseBranchProtection is disabled.
+   // (_rop_protection in HotSpot)
+   private Address stripPAC(Address addr) {
+      return addr.andWithMask(AARCH64Frame.pacMask());
+   }
+
    @Override
    public CFrame sender(ThreadProxy thread, Address senderSP, Address senderFP, Address senderPC) {
       if (linuxDbg().isSignalTrampoline(pc())) {
@@ -167,6 +174,13 @@ public CFrame sender(ThreadProxy thread, Address senderSP, Address senderFP, Add
         return null;
       }
 
+      // Strip PAC
+      if (((MachineDescriptionAArch64)linuxDbg().getMachineDescription()).isPACEnabled() &&
+          ((dwarf() != null && ((AARCH64DwarfParser)dwarf()).isRASigned() /* for native */ ) ||
+           (AARCH64Frame.ropProtection() != 0 /* for Java */ ))) {
+        senderPC = stripPAC(senderPC);
+      }
+
       DwarfParser senderDwarf = null;
       boolean fallback = false;
       try {
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/aarch64/LinuxAARCH64DebuggerLocal.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/aarch64/LinuxAARCH64DebuggerLocal.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8410143686e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/aarch64/LinuxAARCH64DebuggerLocal.java
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, NTT DATA.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+package sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.linux.aarch64;
+
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.linux.LinuxDebuggerLocal;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.DebuggerException;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.MachineDescription;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.MachineDescriptionAArch64;
+
+
+public class LinuxAARCH64DebuggerLocal extends LinuxDebuggerLocal {
+
+    public LinuxAARCH64DebuggerLocal(MachineDescription machDesc, boolean useCache) throws DebuggerException {
+        super(machDesc, useCache);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void onAttach() {
+        if (isPACEnabled()) {
+            ((MachineDescriptionAArch64)getMachineDescription()).enablePAC();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public boolean isPACEnabled() {
+        return isPACEnabled0(p_ps_prochandle);
+    }
+
+    private native boolean isPACEnabled0(long inst);
+
+}
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/aarch64/AARCH64Frame.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/aarch64/AARCH64Frame.java
index 5e73150c6cf..d94aef3b328 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/aarch64/AARCH64Frame.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/aarch64/AARCH64Frame.java
@@ -83,6 +83,14 @@ public void update(Observable o, Object data) {
       });
   }
 
+  public static long ropProtection() {
+    return ropProtectionField.getValue();
+  }
+
+  public static long pacMask() {
+    return pacMaskField.getValue();
+  }
+
   private static synchronized void initialize(TypeDataBase db) {
     INTERPRETER_FRAME_MDX_OFFSET                  = INTERPRETER_FRAME_METHOD_OFFSET - 1;
     INTERPRETER_FRAME_PADDING_OFFSET              = INTERPRETER_FRAME_MDX_OFFSET - 1;

From 2fbd898824a824ef96ad04bff64d940dd86f3e5d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Albert Mingkun Yang <ayang@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 21 Jul 2026 06:49:24 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 296/707] 8388477: Replace false with 0 in
 IntelJccErratum::compute_padding

Reviewed-by: shade
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_intelJccErratum_x86.cpp | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_intelJccErratum_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_intelJccErratum_x86.cpp
index 909554cdf76..540991c5d0c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_intelJccErratum_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_intelJccErratum_x86.cpp
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ int IntelJccErratum::compute_padding(uintptr_t current_offset, const MachNode* m
   }
   if (jcc_size > largest_jcc_size()) {
     // Let's not try fixing this for nodes that seem unreasonably large
-    return false;
+    return 0;
   }
   if (is_crossing_or_ending_at_32_byte_boundary(current_offset, current_offset + jcc_size)) {
     return int(align_up(current_offset, 32) - current_offset);

From 659a1f3873d2a3e7631ac34ed3565e874c980df1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Sean Mullan <mullan@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 21 Jul 2026 11:12:30 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 297/707] 8386680: Specify how cipher suite matching is
 implemented in jdk.tls.disabledAlgorithms security property

Reviewed-by: abarashev
---
 src/java.base/share/conf/security/java.security | 16 ++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 16 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/conf/security/java.security b/src/java.base/share/conf/security/java.security
index 26842d0c845..628370750c7 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/conf/security/java.security
+++ b/src/java.base/share/conf/security/java.security
@@ -741,6 +741,22 @@ http.auth.digest.disabledAlgorithms = MD5, SHA-1
 #     suites that start with "TLS_RSA_". Only cipher suites starting with
 #     "TLS_" are allowed to have wildcard characters.
 #
+#   - TLS cipher suites can also be disabled using components of the cipher
+#     suite, which include the key exchange algorithm, the bulk encryption
+#     algorithm, the MAC algorithm, and the PRF. For example, the key exchange
+#     algorithm "ECDH_ECDSA" will disable all cipher suites that contain
+#     ECDH_ECDSA as the key exchange algorithm. Similarly, the bulk encryption
+#     algorithm "AES_128_CBC" will disable all cipher suites that contain
+#     AES_128_CBC as the bulk encryption algorithm. The components also abide
+#     by the sub-element matching rules specified in the
+#     jdk.certpath.disabledAlgorithms property. For example, "ECDH" will
+#     disable all cipher suites with key exchange algorithms that contain ECDH
+#     in their name, but not ECDHE since that is a different algorithm. To
+#     disable cipher suites with a specific MAC or PRF algorithm, you can use
+#     the standard Hmac algorithm name (ex: "HmacSHA256" and not "SHA256") to
+#     avoid disabling other algorithms using the hash algorithm. To disable
+#     cipher suites ending with "_SHA" use "SHA-1", "SHA1", or "HmacSHA1".
+#
 #   - TLS protocol specific usage constraints are supported by this property:
 #
 #     UsageConstraint:

From 32ef6a78c9eeaa7e4331a541aa90efb2733a0434 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Benjamin Peterson <bpeterson@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 21 Jul 2026 12:00:29 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 298/707] 8388046: (fs) UnixFileSystem
 Flags.failIfUnableToCopyPosix and Flags.failIfUnableToCopyNonPosix no longer
 needed

Reviewed-by: alanb
---
 .../classes/sun/nio/fs/BsdFileSystem.java      |  4 +---
 .../classes/sun/nio/fs/UnixFileSystem.java     | 18 ++----------------
 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/macosx/classes/sun/nio/fs/BsdFileSystem.java b/src/java.base/macosx/classes/sun/nio/fs/BsdFileSystem.java
index 69a5d775b0b..1772b295fed 100644
--- a/src/java.base/macosx/classes/sun/nio/fs/BsdFileSystem.java
+++ b/src/java.base/macosx/classes/sun/nio/fs/BsdFileSystem.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -132,8 +132,6 @@ protected void copyFile(UnixPath source,
                     try {
                         chown(target, attrs.uid(), attrs.gid());
                     } catch (UnixException x) {
-                        if (flags.failIfUnableToCopyPosix)
-                            x.rethrowAsIOException(target);
                     }
                     return;
                 }
diff --git a/src/java.base/unix/classes/sun/nio/fs/UnixFileSystem.java b/src/java.base/unix/classes/sun/nio/fs/UnixFileSystem.java
index 8a2c2bb27e8..c6cdb274ccd 100644
--- a/src/java.base/unix/classes/sun/nio/fs/UnixFileSystem.java
+++ b/src/java.base/unix/classes/sun/nio/fs/UnixFileSystem.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -389,10 +389,8 @@ protected static class Flags {
         boolean copyPosixAttributes;
         boolean copyNonPosixAttributes;
 
-        // flags that indicate if we should fail if attributes cannot be copied
+        // flag that indicates if we should fail if basic attributes cannot be copied
         boolean failIfUnableToCopyBasic;
-        boolean failIfUnableToCopyPosix;
-        boolean failIfUnableToCopyNonPosix;
 
         static Flags fromCopyOptions(CopyOption... options) {
             Flags flags = new Flags();
@@ -483,10 +481,6 @@ private void copyDirectory(UnixPath source,
             dfd = open(target, O_RDONLY, 0);
         } catch (UnixException x) {
             // access to target directory required to copy named attributes
-            if (flags.copyNonPosixAttributes && flags.failIfUnableToCopyNonPosix) {
-                try { rmdir(target); } catch (UnixException ignore) { }
-                x.rethrowAsIOException(target);
-            }
         }
 
         boolean done = false;
@@ -503,8 +497,6 @@ private void copyDirectory(UnixPath source,
                     }
                 } catch (UnixException x) {
                     // unable to set owner/group
-                    if (flags.failIfUnableToCopyPosix)
-                        x.rethrowAsIOException(target);
                 }
             }
             // copy other attributes
@@ -513,8 +505,6 @@ private void copyDirectory(UnixPath source,
                 try {
                     sfd = open(source, O_RDONLY, 0);
                 } catch (UnixException x) {
-                    if (flags.failIfUnableToCopyNonPosix)
-                        x.rethrowAsIOException(source);
                 }
                 if (sfd >= 0) {
                     source.getFileSystem().copyNonPosixAttributes(sfd, dfd);
@@ -663,8 +653,6 @@ void copyFile(UnixPath source,
                         fchown(fo, attrs.uid(), attrs.gid());
                         fchmod(fo, attrs.mode());
                     } catch (UnixException x) {
-                        if (flags.failIfUnableToCopyPosix)
-                            x.rethrowAsIOException(target);
                     }
                 }
                 // copy non POSIX attributes (depends on file system)
@@ -749,8 +737,6 @@ private void copySpecial(UnixPath source,
                     chown(target, attrs.uid(), attrs.gid());
                     chmod(target, attrs.mode());
                 } catch (UnixException x) {
-                    if (flags.failIfUnableToCopyPosix)
-                        x.rethrowAsIOException(target);
                 }
             }
             if (flags.copyBasicAttributes) {

From b65f46d403be04a88f917585a9ad94b9825590b9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Manuel=20H=C3=A4ssig?= <mhaessig@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 21 Jul 2026 12:52:56 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 299/707] 8388523: C2: Test
 compiler/igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java failed 8388539: [TESTBUG]
 compiler/igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java fails on Release Builds

Reviewed-by: thartmann, epeter
---
 .../igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java     | 38 +++++++------------
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java
index 5939fb02352..d70aeb74764 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java
@@ -65,7 +65,9 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
             "--add-opens", "jdk.incubator.vector/jdk.incubator.vector=ALL-UNNAMED"
         ));
         vmArgs.addAll(Arrays.asList(args)); // Forward args
-        vmArgs.add("-XX:-StressReflectiveCode"); // Temporarily disable stress flag that causes unrelated failures.
+        // Temporarily disable stress flag due to unrelated test failures.
+        // TODO: Remove when JDK-8388490 is fixed.
+        vmArgs.addAll(List.of("-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:-StressReflectiveCode"));
         String[] vmArgsArray = vmArgs.toArray(new String[0]);
 
         comp.invoke(PACKAGE + "." + CLASS_NAME, "main", new Object[] { vmArgsArray });
@@ -118,35 +120,23 @@ TemplateToken generate() {
                 final PrimitiveType pty = (PrimitiveType) vec.elementType;
                 final String ptyIR = pty.abbrev().equals("S") ? "C" : pty.abbrev();
 
-                // Verify that the method contains two VectorStore{Masked|Scatter} nodes.
+                // Verify that the Scatter store for STORE_VECTOR_AFTER_SCATTER is not eliminated.
                 var opVerification = Template.make(() -> {
+                    if (op != Operation.STORE_VECTOR_AFTER_SCATTER) {
+                        return scope("");
+                    }
+
                     if (vec.length <= 2) {
                         return scope("    // No Vector nodes are emitted for vectors of length 2 or shorter.\n");
                     }
 
-                    if (Set.of(Operation.STORE_SCATTER, Operation.STORE_SCATTER_MASK, Operation.STORE_VECTOR_AFTER_SCATTER).contains(op) &&
-                        vec.elementType.byteSize() < 4) {
+                    if (vec.elementType.byteSize() < 4) {
                         return scope("    // StoreVectorScatter is not emitted for vectors of subword types.\n");
                     }
 
-                    final String opIR = switch (op) {
-                        case STORE_SCATTER              -> "STORE_VECTOR_SCATTER";
-                        case STORE_MASK                 -> "STORE_VECTOR_MASKED";
-                        case STORE_SCATTER_MASK         -> "STORE_VECTOR_SCATTER_MASKED";
-                        case STORE_VECTOR_AFTER_SCATTER -> "STORE_VECTOR_SCATTER";
-                        case RANDOM                     -> "";
-                    };
-
-                    final int numMatches = switch (op) {
-                        case STORE_VECTOR_AFTER_SCATTER -> 1;
-                        default                         -> 2;
-                    };
-
                     return scope(
-                        let("opIR", opIR),
-                        let("matches", numMatches),
                         """
-                            @IR(counts = {IRNode.#{opIR}, "=#{matches}"},
+                            @IR(counts = {IRNode.STORE_VECTOR_SCATTER, "=1"},
                                 applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx512", "true", "sve", "true"})
                         """
                     );
@@ -177,9 +167,9 @@ TemplateToken generate() {
                                 applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx512", "true", "sve", "true"},
                                 phase = CompilePhase.BEFORE_MATCHING)
                         """;
-                        case STORE_VECTOR_AFTER_SCATTER, RANDOM -> "";
-                    },
-                    opVerification.asToken()
+                        case STORE_VECTOR_AFTER_SCATTER -> opVerification.asToken();
+                        case  RANDOM -> "";
+                    }
                 );
             });
 
@@ -298,7 +288,7 @@ TemplateToken generate() {
                     let("arrVal", vec.elementType.con()),
                 """
                     @Run(test = "test#{testCaseName}")
-                    @Warmup(15_000)
+                    @Warmup(10_000)
                     static void run#{testCaseName}(RunInfo info) {
                         final #pty broadcastVal = #broadcastVal;
                         final #pty arrVal = #arrVal;

From bf7a71525024e21e250679299b9bb3448a02a859 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jeremy Wood <jwood@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 21 Jul 2026 18:28:06 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 300/707] 8385367: JTextComponent#setDocument() can reattach
 old AccessibleContext

Reviewed-by: prr, kizune
---
 .../classes/javax/swing/JEditorPane.java      | 10 +++
 ...ldAccessibleContextAsDocumentListener.java | 87 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 97 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/javax/accessibility/8385367/TestAddingOldAccessibleContextAsDocumentListener.java

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/JEditorPane.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/JEditorPane.java
index 34528f9426b..0a7e7edb1d3 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/JEditorPane.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/JEditorPane.java
@@ -1092,6 +1092,8 @@ private void setCharsetFromContentTypeParameters(String paramlist) {
             = "the currently installed kit for handling content")
     public void setEditorKit(EditorKit kit) {
         EditorKit old = this.kit;
+        AccessibleContext oldAccessibleContext = accessibleContext;
+
         isUserSetEditorKit = true;
         if (old != null) {
             old.deinstall(this);
@@ -1102,6 +1104,14 @@ public void setEditorKit(EditorKit kit) {
             setDocument(this.kit.createDefaultDocument());
         }
         firePropertyChange("editorKit", old, kit);
+
+        if (oldAccessibleContext != null) {
+            AccessibleContext newAccessibleContext = getAccessibleContext();
+            if (oldAccessibleContext != newAccessibleContext) {
+                getDocument().removeDocumentListener(
+                        (AccessibleJTextComponent) oldAccessibleContext );
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/jdk/javax/accessibility/8385367/TestAddingOldAccessibleContextAsDocumentListener.java b/test/jdk/javax/accessibility/8385367/TestAddingOldAccessibleContextAsDocumentListener.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8f0ad9b86fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/javax/accessibility/8385367/TestAddingOldAccessibleContextAsDocumentListener.java
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+
+import javax.accessibility.AccessibleContext;
+import javax.swing.JTextPane;
+import javax.swing.event.DocumentListener;
+import javax.swing.text.DefaultStyledDocument;
+import javax.swing.text.html.HTMLDocument;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8385367
+ * @summary make sure setDocument() doesn't reattach obsolete DocumentListener
+ * @run main TestAddingOldAccessibleContextAsDocumentListener
+ */
+
+public class TestAddingOldAccessibleContextAsDocumentListener {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        JTextPane textPane = new JTextPane();
+
+        // This installs an HTMLDocument
+        textPane.setContentType("text/html");
+        HTMLDocument htmlDoc =
+                (HTMLDocument) textPane.getDocument();
+
+        // this instantiates the AccessibleContext
+        AccessibleContext htmlAXContext = textPane.getAccessibleContext();
+
+        // this replaces the Document:
+        textPane.setContentType("text/plain");
+        DefaultStyledDocument plainDoc =
+                (DefaultStyledDocument) textPane.getDocument();
+
+        if (htmlAXContext == textPane.getAccessibleContext()) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(
+                    "this test assumes the AccessibleContext changed when " +
+                            "the document changed");
+        }
+
+        List<DocumentListener> docListeners = Arrays.asList(
+                plainDoc.getDocumentListeners());
+        assertEquals(0, Collections.frequency(docListeners, htmlAXContext));
+
+        AccessibleContext plainAXContext = textPane.getAccessibleContext();
+        assertEquals(1, Collections.frequency(docListeners, plainAXContext));
+
+        // this is optional (we don't care about the HTMLDocument anymore).
+        // setDocument() automatically removes the old AX context listener
+        List<DocumentListener> htmlDocListeners = Arrays.asList(
+                htmlDoc.getDocumentListeners());
+        assertEquals(0, Collections.frequency(htmlDocListeners,
+                htmlAXContext));
+
+        System.out.println("test passed");
+    }
+
+    private static void assertEquals(int expectedValue, int observedValue) {
+        if (expectedValue != observedValue) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Expected: " + expectedValue +
+                    ", observed: " + observedValue);
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file

From 2be8e88ce71704825c50246ba028153a5c0376db Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Sholto <sholto@letterboxd.com>
Date: Tue, 21 Jul 2026 20:12:55 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 301/707] 8272194: java.sql.Date::toLocalDate() broken for
 dates before 1 A.D.

Reviewed-by: naoto, jlu
---
 src/java.sql/share/classes/java/sql/Date.java | 50 ++++++++++++++++-
 .../share/classes/java/sql/Timestamp.java     | 17 +++---
 test/jdk/java/sql/test/sql/DateTests.java     | 55 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../jdk/java/sql/test/sql/TimestampTests.java | 56 +++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 168 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.sql/share/classes/java/sql/Date.java b/src/java.sql/share/classes/java/sql/Date.java
index 56d138afdce..8914b365c2c 100644
--- a/src/java.sql/share/classes/java/sql/Date.java
+++ b/src/java.sql/share/classes/java/sql/Date.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@
 
 import java.time.Instant;
 import java.time.LocalDate;
+import java.util.Calendar;
+import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
 
 /**
  * <P>A thin wrapper around a millisecond value that allows
@@ -273,6 +275,17 @@ public void setSeconds(int i) {
     */
     static final long serialVersionUID = 1511598038487230103L;
 
+    /**
+     * The epoch millisecond value of 0002-01-01T00:00:00.000 at UTC in
+     * the Julian-Gregorian hybrid calendar system.
+     * We cannot use 1st January 1AD as different timezones could possibly
+     * offset the date back into BC, thus resulting in the incorrect BC year.
+     * While a one year margin is considerably larger than any possible
+     * timezone offset, it gives us a comfortable distance while still
+     * providing a faster code path for almost 1970 years.
+     */
+    private static final long TWO_AD_AT_UTC_EPOCH_MILLIS = -62104233600000L;
+
     /**
      * Obtains an instance of {@code Date} from a {@link LocalDate} object
      * with the same year, month and day of month value as the given
@@ -300,7 +313,40 @@ public static Date valueOf(LocalDate date) {
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
     public LocalDate toLocalDate() {
-        return LocalDate.of(getYear() + 1900, getMonth() + 1, getDate());
+        return LocalDate.of(
+            toGregorianProlepticYear(getYear() + 1900, getTime()),
+            getMonth() + 1,
+            getDate());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Converts an era-relative calendar year into the correct proleptic year.
+     * <p>
+     * The milliseconds is required to determine if the given year is a BC or AD year.
+     *
+     * @param year the era-relative calendar year.
+     * @param millis the epoch millisecond represented by the date with the given year
+     * used to determine the calendar era.
+     * @return the proleptic year corresponding to {@code year} and {@code millis}
+     */
+    static int toGregorianProlepticYear(int year, long millis) {
+        // We need to determine the era of the year using the given millis.
+        // However, deriving a new calendar is a relatively expensive operation
+        // that we would ideally avoid if possible.
+        // Given that we can comfortably state that any dates on or after
+        // 0002-01-01 are AD, we only need to test dates earlier than this cutoff.
+        if (millis < TWO_AD_AT_UTC_EPOCH_MILLIS) {
+            final GregorianCalendar calendar = new GregorianCalendar();
+            calendar.setTimeInMillis(millis);
+            if (calendar.get(Calendar.ERA) == GregorianCalendar.BC) {
+                // Adjust the BC date into a negative astronomical date.
+                // As there is no year 0 in the Gregorian calendar
+                // we also have to adjust the BC year by 1.
+                // 1 BC becomes year 0, 2 BC becomes year -1 and so on.
+                year = 1 - year;
+            }
+        }
+        return year;
     }
 
    /**
diff --git a/src/java.sql/share/classes/java/sql/Timestamp.java b/src/java.sql/share/classes/java/sql/Timestamp.java
index c550291bb95..b2c05335d1e 100644
--- a/src/java.sql/share/classes/java/sql/Timestamp.java
+++ b/src/java.sql/share/classes/java/sql/Timestamp.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -517,13 +517,14 @@ public static Timestamp valueOf(LocalDateTime dateTime) {
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
     public LocalDateTime toLocalDateTime() {
-        return LocalDateTime.of(getYear() + 1900,
-                                getMonth() + 1,
-                                getDate(),
-                                getHours(),
-                                getMinutes(),
-                                getSeconds(),
-                                getNanos());
+        return LocalDateTime.of(
+            Date.toGregorianProlepticYear(getYear() + 1900, getTime()),
+            getMonth() + 1,
+            getDate(),
+            getHours(),
+            getMinutes(),
+            getSeconds(),
+            getNanos());
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/sql/test/sql/DateTests.java b/test/jdk/java/sql/test/sql/DateTests.java
index 0c66dd15c98..0bbc8e7d11d 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/sql/test/sql/DateTests.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/sql/test/sql/DateTests.java
@@ -327,6 +327,32 @@ public void test26() throws Exception {
         assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> d.setSeconds(0));
     }
 
+    /*
+     * Validate that Date.valueOf and Date.toLocalDate yield the expected results for dates with BC years.
+     * Ensures that the fix for 8272194 has not regressed.
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("bcLocalDates")
+    public void test27(LocalDate bcLocalDate) {
+        Date bcDate = Date.valueOf(bcLocalDate);
+        // Previously, getYear() of a LocalDate created from a Date always returned a positive year, even if it was BC.
+        assertTrue(bcDate.toLocalDate().getYear() <= 0, "Expected a BC year.");
+        assertEquals(bcLocalDate, bcDate.toLocalDate(), "The LocalDate created from the Date does not match the original BC LocalDate.");
+        assertEquals(bcDate, Date.valueOf(bcDate.toLocalDate()), "The BC Date did not yield the expected result on a round trip Date / LocalDate conversion.");
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Ensure that LocalDate conversion of AD dates close to the BC check threshold
+     * behave as expected.
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("datesAroundBcCheckThreshold")
+    public void test28(LocalDate localDate) {
+        Date date = Date.valueOf(localDate);
+        assertEquals(localDate, date.toLocalDate(), "The LocalDate created from the Date does not match the original LocalDate.");
+        assertEquals(date, Date.valueOf(date.toLocalDate()), "The Date did not yield the expected result on a round trip Date / LocalDate conversion.");
+    }
+
     /*
      * DataProvider used to provide Date which are not valid and are used
      * to validate that an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown from the
@@ -372,4 +398,33 @@ private Stream<Arguments> validDateValues() {
             Arguments.of("2009-1-1", "2009-01-01")
         );
     }
+
+    /*
+     * DataProvider used to provide BC LocalDate values, used to validate that
+     * Date.valueOf and Date.toLocalDate yield the expected results for dates
+     * with BC years.
+     */
+    private Stream<LocalDate> bcLocalDates() {
+        return Stream.of(
+            LocalDate.of(0, 1, 1),
+            LocalDate.of(-4, 9, 8),
+            LocalDate.of(-1000, 3, 22)
+        );
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * DataProvider used to provide LocalDate values immediately surrounding
+     * the BC check threshold used internally by Date.toLocalDate().
+     */
+    private Stream<LocalDate> datesAroundBcCheckThreshold() {
+        return Stream.of(
+            LocalDate.of(1, 12, 1),
+            LocalDate.of(1, 12, 30),
+            LocalDate.of(1, 12, 31),
+            LocalDate.of(2, 1, 1),
+            LocalDate.of(2, 1, 2),
+            LocalDate.of(2, 1, 3),
+            LocalDate.of(2, 2, 1)
+        );
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/sql/test/sql/TimestampTests.java b/test/jdk/java/sql/test/sql/TimestampTests.java
index 33a58c8d857..130072618a2 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/sql/test/sql/TimestampTests.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/sql/test/sql/TimestampTests.java
@@ -713,6 +713,32 @@ public void test55() {
         assertNotEquals(ts2.hashCode(), ts1.hashCode());
     }
 
+    /*
+     * Validate that Timestamp.valueOf and Timestamp.toLocalDateTime yield the expected results for dates with BC years.
+     * Ensures that the fix for 8272194 has not regressed.
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("bcLocalDateTimes")
+    public void test56(LocalDateTime bcLocalDateTime) throws Exception {
+        Timestamp bcTimestamp = Timestamp.valueOf(bcLocalDateTime);
+        // Previously, getYear() of a LocalDateTime created from a Timestamp always returned a positive year, even if it was BC.
+        assertTrue(bcTimestamp.toLocalDateTime().getYear() <= 0, "Expected a BC year.");
+        assertEquals(bcLocalDateTime, bcTimestamp.toLocalDateTime(), "The LocalDateTime created from the Timestamp does not match the original BC LocalDateTime.");
+        assertEquals(bcTimestamp, Timestamp.valueOf(bcTimestamp.toLocalDateTime()), "The BC Timestamp did not yield the expected result on a round trip Timestamp / LocalDateTime conversion.");
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Ensure that LocalDateTime conversion of AD dates close to the BC check threshold
+     * behave as expected.
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("dateTimesAroundBcCheckThreshold")
+    public void test57(LocalDateTime localDateTime) {
+        Timestamp timestamp = Timestamp.valueOf(localDateTime);
+        assertEquals(localDateTime, timestamp.toLocalDateTime(), "The LocalDateTime created from the Timestamp does not match the original LocalDateTime.");
+        assertEquals(timestamp, Timestamp.valueOf(timestamp.toLocalDateTime()), "The Timestamp did not yield the expected result on a round trip Timestamp / LocalDateTime conversion.");
+    }
+
     /*
      * DataProvider used to provide Timestamps which are not valid and are used
      * to validate that an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown from the
@@ -841,4 +867,34 @@ private Stream<Arguments> validateNanos() {
             Arguments.of("1996-12-10 12:26:19.01230", 12300000)
         );
     }
+
+    /*
+     * DataProvider used to provide BC LocalDateTime values, used to validate
+     * that Timestamp.valueOf and Timestamp.toLocalDateTime yield the expected
+     * results for dates with BC years.
+     */
+    private Stream<LocalDateTime> bcLocalDateTimes() {
+        return Stream.of(
+            LocalDateTime.of(0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0),
+            LocalDateTime.of(-4, 9, 8, 23, 11, 59, 999_999_999),
+            LocalDateTime.of(-1000, 3, 22, 8, 30, 20, 0)
+        );
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * DataProvider used to provide LocalDateTime values immediately
+     * surrounding the BC check threshold used internally by
+     * Timestamp.toLocalDateTime().
+     */
+    private Stream<LocalDateTime> dateTimesAroundBcCheckThreshold() {
+        return Stream.of(
+            LocalDateTime.of(1, 12, 1, 6, 15, 45, 500_000_000),
+            LocalDateTime.of(1, 12, 30, 12, 30, 0, 250_000_000),
+            LocalDateTime.of(1, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, 999_999_999),
+            LocalDateTime.of(2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0),
+            LocalDateTime.of(2, 1, 2, 8, 20, 10, 750_750_750),
+            LocalDateTime.of(2, 1, 3, 16, 40, 20, 100_000_000),
+            LocalDateTime.of(2, 2, 1, 18, 45, 30, 123_000_000)
+        );
+    }
 }

From 70868ac528f59864d6ec6b678fa1af7dfb183fdd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David CARLIER <devnexen@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 21 Jul 2026 22:23:28 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 302/707] 8388457: parse_integer: typo in hex prefix detection
 causes out-of-bounds read and wrong base for negative hex

Reviewed-by: dholmes, fbredberg
---
 src/hotspot/share/utilities/parseInteger.hpp  |  2 +-
 .../utilities/test_parse_memory_size.cpp      | 69 ++++++++++++++++++-
 2 files changed, 69 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/parseInteger.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/parseInteger.hpp
index 8840275a8cb..3fc2f62a19f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/parseInteger.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/parseInteger.hpp
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ static bool parse_integer(const char *s, char **endptr, T* result) {
 
   T n = 0;
   bool is_hex = (s[0] == '0' && (s[1] == 'x' || s[1] == 'X')) ||
-                (s[0] == '-' && s[1] == '0' && (s[2] == 'x' || s[3] == 'X'));
+                (s[0] == '-' && s[1] == '0' && (s[2] == 'x' || s[2] == 'X'));
   char* remainder;
 
   if (!parse_integer_impl<T>(s, &remainder, (is_hex ? 16 : 10), &n)) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/utilities/test_parse_memory_size.cpp b/test/hotspot/gtest/utilities/test_parse_memory_size.cpp
index fa4ec731189..e50d81c7a3c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/gtest/utilities/test_parse_memory_size.cpp
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/utilities/test_parse_memory_size.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2022 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "jvm_io.h"
+#include "runtime/os.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 #include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
@@ -156,3 +157,69 @@ TEST(ParseMemorySize, negatives_both) {
   do_test_invalid_for_parse_arguments("100 M"); // parse_memory_size would see "100", parse_argument_memory_size would reject it
   do_test_invalid_for_parse_arguments("100X");  // parse_memory_size would see "100", parse_argument_memory_size would reject it
 }
+
+// Hex prefix handling for negative numbers. Only signed types are covered here:
+// parse_integer_impl() refuses a leading '-' for unsigned types before the base
+// is ever used.
+
+template <typename T>
+static void test_negative_hex_prefix() {
+  T value = 17;
+  char* end = nullptr;
+
+  // Both spellings of the prefix must be recognized, just as "0x"/"0X" are for
+  // positive numbers.
+  ASSERT_TRUE(parse_integer("-0x10", &end, &value));
+  ASSERT_EQ(value, (T)-16);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(end, "");
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(parse_integer("-0X10", &end, &value));
+  ASSERT_EQ(value, (T)-16);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(end, "");
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(parse_integer("-0xff", &end, &value));
+  ASSERT_EQ(value, (T)-255);
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(parse_integer("-0XFF", &end, &value));
+  ASSERT_EQ(value, (T)-255);
+
+  // A unit suffix still applies after a negative hex number.
+  ASSERT_TRUE(parse_integer("-0X10k", &end, &value));
+  ASSERT_EQ(value, (T)(-16 * K));
+  EXPECT_STREQ(end, "");
+
+  // "-0" is decimal; the character after the '0' decides, and here there is
+  // none. The value is zero either way, but see minus_zero_no_overread below.
+  ASSERT_TRUE(parse_integer("-0", &end, &value));
+  ASSERT_EQ(value, (T)0);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(end, "");
+
+  // Not a hex prefix: 'f' is not 'x'/'X', so this is decimal "-0" with "fX"
+  // left over, not hex "-0f".
+  value = 17;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(parse_integer("-0fX", &end, &value));
+  ASSERT_EQ(value, (T)0);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(end, "fX");
+  ASSERT_FALSE(parse_integer("-0fX", &value));
+}
+
+TEST(ParseMemorySize, negative_hex_prefix) {
+  test_negative_hex_prefix<int64_t>();
+  test_negative_hex_prefix<int32_t>();
+}
+
+// "-0" holds just two characters plus the terminating NUL, so hex prefix
+// detection must stop at the NUL rather than read the character beyond it.
+// The string is copied into a tightly sized allocation so that an over-read
+// is caught when running under a memory checker such as ASan.
+TEST(ParseMemorySize, minus_zero_no_overread) {
+  char* s = os::strdup("-0", mtTest);
+  int64_t value = 17;
+  char* end = nullptr;
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(parse_integer(s, &end, &value));
+  ASSERT_EQ(value, (int64_t)0);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(end, "");
+
+  os::free(s);
+}

From 694cebaadc64d5a2dbf9c8f160e251efc807665e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eric Fang <erfang@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 22 Jul 2026 03:32:07 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 303/707] 8387594: AArch64: Support vector integer division for
 SVE

Reviewed-by: aph, xgong
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_vector.ad     |  93 +++++++
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_vector_ad.m4  |  71 ++++++
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/assembler_aarch64.hpp |  46 ++--
 .../cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp |  39 +++
 .../cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.hpp |   5 +
 .../cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp    |   2 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp            |   4 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp         |  21 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.hpp         |  28 +++
 test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/aarch64-asmtest.py |   4 +
 test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/asmtest.out.h      | 221 ++++++++--------
 .../compiler/c2/cr7200264/TestIntVect.java    |  14 +-
 .../compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java     |  20 ++
 .../compiler/vectorapi/VectorDivTest.java     | 238 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../bench/vm/compiler/VectorIntegerDiv.java   |  79 ++++++
 15 files changed, 746 insertions(+), 139 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorDivTest.java
 create mode 100644 test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/vm/compiler/VectorIntegerDiv.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_vector.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_vector.ad
index c06c8b856b7..b844ac561cc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_vector.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_vector.ad
@@ -324,6 +324,17 @@ source %{
           return false;
         }
         break;
+      case Op_DivVB:
+      case Op_DivVS:
+      case Op_DivVI:
+      case Op_DivVL:
+        // Integer vector divide is only available on SVE (SDIV for 32-bit and
+        // 64-bit elements). NEON has no integer vector divide instruction.
+        // BYTE/SHORT are widened to 32-bit, divided, and narrowed back.
+        if (UseSVE == 0) {
+          return false;
+        }
+        break;
       default:
         break;
     }
@@ -348,6 +359,11 @@ source %{
       case Op_CompressBitsV:
       case Op_ExpandBitsV:
       case Op_VectorBitwiseBlend:
+      // There is no native SVE divide for BYTE/SHORT elements (these are
+      // emulated by widening to 32-bit), so the masked variants are handled
+      // by an unpredicated divide combined with a VectorBlend.
+      case Op_DivVB:
+      case Op_DivVS:
         return false;
       case Op_SaturatingAddV:
       case Op_SaturatingSubV:
@@ -1477,6 +1493,83 @@ instruct vdivD_masked(vReg dst_src1, vReg src2, pRegGov pg) %{
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
 
+// ------------------------------ Vector integer div ---------------------------
+
+// BYTE and SHORT have no native integer divide on SVE (SDIV only supports 32-bit
+// and 64-bit elements), so they are emulated by widening each element to 32-bit,
+// performing SDIV, and narrowing the result back.
+
+instruct vdivB_sve(vReg dst_src1, vReg src2, vReg vtmp1, vReg vtmp2, vReg vtmp3, vReg vtmp4) %{
+  predicate(UseSVE > 0);
+  match(Set dst_src1 (DivVB dst_src1 src2));
+  effect(TEMP_DEF dst_src1, TEMP vtmp1, TEMP vtmp2, TEMP vtmp3, TEMP vtmp4);
+  format %{ "vdivB_sve $dst_src1, $dst_src1, $src2" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ sve_sdiv_byte($dst_src1$$FloatRegister, $src2$$FloatRegister,
+                     $vtmp1$$FloatRegister, $vtmp2$$FloatRegister,
+                     $vtmp3$$FloatRegister, $vtmp4$$FloatRegister);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
+instruct vdivS_sve(vReg dst_src1, vReg src2, vReg vtmp1, vReg vtmp2) %{
+  predicate(UseSVE > 0);
+  match(Set dst_src1 (DivVS dst_src1 src2));
+  effect(TEMP_DEF dst_src1, TEMP vtmp1, TEMP vtmp2);
+  format %{ "vdivS_sve $dst_src1, $dst_src1, $src2" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ sve_sdiv_short($dst_src1$$FloatRegister, $src2$$FloatRegister,
+                      $vtmp1$$FloatRegister, $vtmp2$$FloatRegister);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
+instruct vdivI_sve(vReg dst_src1, vReg src2) %{
+  predicate(UseSVE > 0);
+  match(Set dst_src1 (DivVI dst_src1 src2));
+  format %{ "vdivI_sve $dst_src1, $dst_src1, $src2" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ sve_sdiv($dst_src1$$FloatRegister, __ S, ptrue, $src2$$FloatRegister);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
+instruct vdivL_sve(vReg dst_src1, vReg src2) %{
+  predicate(UseSVE > 0);
+  match(Set dst_src1 (DivVL dst_src1 src2));
+  format %{ "vdivL_sve $dst_src1, $dst_src1, $src2" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ sve_sdiv($dst_src1$$FloatRegister, __ D, ptrue, $src2$$FloatRegister);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
+// Vector integer div - predicated
+//
+// There is no native SVE divide for BYTE/SHORT elements (these are emulated by
+// widening to 32-bit), so the masked variants are handled by an unpredicated
+// divide combined with a VectorBlend.
+
+instruct vdivI_masked(vReg dst_src1, vReg src2, pRegGov pg) %{
+  predicate(UseSVE > 0);
+  match(Set dst_src1 (DivVI (Binary dst_src1 src2) pg));
+  format %{ "vdivI_masked $dst_src1, $pg, $dst_src1, $src2" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ sve_sdiv($dst_src1$$FloatRegister, __ S, $pg$$PRegister, $src2$$FloatRegister);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
+instruct vdivL_masked(vReg dst_src1, vReg src2, pRegGov pg) %{
+  predicate(UseSVE > 0);
+  match(Set dst_src1 (DivVL (Binary dst_src1 src2) pg));
+  format %{ "vdivL_masked $dst_src1, $pg, $dst_src1, $src2" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ sve_sdiv($dst_src1$$FloatRegister, __ D, $pg$$PRegister, $src2$$FloatRegister);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
 // ------------------------------ Vector and -----------------------------------
 
 // vector and
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_vector_ad.m4 b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_vector_ad.m4
index b749647ae1e..70d27e5248a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_vector_ad.m4
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64_vector_ad.m4
@@ -314,6 +314,17 @@ source %{
           return false;
         }
         break;
+      case Op_DivVB:
+      case Op_DivVS:
+      case Op_DivVI:
+      case Op_DivVL:
+        // Integer vector divide is only available on SVE (SDIV for 32-bit and
+        // 64-bit elements). NEON has no integer vector divide instruction.
+        // BYTE/SHORT are widened to 32-bit, divided, and narrowed back.
+        if (UseSVE == 0) {
+          return false;
+        }
+        break;
       default:
         break;
     }
@@ -338,6 +349,11 @@ source %{
       case Op_CompressBitsV:
       case Op_ExpandBitsV:
       case Op_VectorBitwiseBlend:
+      // There is no native SVE divide for BYTE/SHORT elements (these are
+      // emulated by widening to 32-bit), so the masked variants are handled
+      // by an unpredicated divide combined with a VectorBlend.
+      case Op_DivVB:
+      case Op_DivVS:
         return false;
       case Op_SaturatingAddV:
       case Op_SaturatingSubV:
@@ -842,6 +858,61 @@ BINARY_OP_NEON_SVE_PAIRWISE(vdivD,  DivVD,  fdiv, sve_fdiv, D)
 // vector float div - predicated
 BINARY_OP_PREDICATE(vdivF, DivVF, sve_fdiv, S)
 BINARY_OP_PREDICATE(vdivD, DivVD, sve_fdiv, D)
+
+dnl
+dnl BINARY_OP_SVE_ONLY($1,        $2,      $3,   $4  )
+dnl BINARY_OP_SVE_ONLY(rule_name, op_name, insn, size)
+define(`BINARY_OP_SVE_ONLY', `
+instruct $1_sve(vReg dst_src1, vReg src2) %{
+  predicate(UseSVE > 0);
+  match(Set dst_src1 ($2 dst_src1 src2));
+  format %{ "$1_sve $dst_src1, $dst_src1, $src2" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ $3($dst_src1$$FloatRegister, __ $4, ptrue, $src2$$FloatRegister);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}')dnl
+dnl
+// ------------------------------ Vector integer div ---------------------------
+
+// BYTE and SHORT have no native integer divide on SVE (SDIV only supports 32-bit
+// and 64-bit elements), so they are emulated by widening each element to 32-bit,
+// performing SDIV, and narrowing the result back.
+
+instruct vdivB_sve(vReg dst_src1, vReg src2, vReg vtmp1, vReg vtmp2, vReg vtmp3, vReg vtmp4) %{
+  predicate(UseSVE > 0);
+  match(Set dst_src1 (DivVB dst_src1 src2));
+  effect(TEMP_DEF dst_src1, TEMP vtmp1, TEMP vtmp2, TEMP vtmp3, TEMP vtmp4);
+  format %{ "vdivB_sve $dst_src1, $dst_src1, $src2" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ sve_sdiv_byte($dst_src1$$FloatRegister, $src2$$FloatRegister,
+                     $vtmp1$$FloatRegister, $vtmp2$$FloatRegister,
+                     $vtmp3$$FloatRegister, $vtmp4$$FloatRegister);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
+instruct vdivS_sve(vReg dst_src1, vReg src2, vReg vtmp1, vReg vtmp2) %{
+  predicate(UseSVE > 0);
+  match(Set dst_src1 (DivVS dst_src1 src2));
+  effect(TEMP_DEF dst_src1, TEMP vtmp1, TEMP vtmp2);
+  format %{ "vdivS_sve $dst_src1, $dst_src1, $src2" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ sve_sdiv_short($dst_src1$$FloatRegister, $src2$$FloatRegister,
+                      $vtmp1$$FloatRegister, $vtmp2$$FloatRegister);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+BINARY_OP_SVE_ONLY(vdivI, DivVI, sve_sdiv, S)
+BINARY_OP_SVE_ONLY(vdivL, DivVL, sve_sdiv, D)
+
+// Vector integer div - predicated
+//
+// There is no native SVE divide for BYTE/SHORT elements (these are emulated by
+// widening to 32-bit), so the masked variants are handled by an unpredicated
+// divide combined with a VectorBlend.
+BINARY_OP_PREDICATE(vdivI, DivVI, sve_sdiv, S)
+BINARY_OP_PREDICATE(vdivL, DivVL, sve_sdiv, D)
 dnl
 dnl BITWISE_OP_IMM($1,        $2,   $3,      $4,   $5,   $6        )
 dnl BITWISE_OP_IMM(rule_name, type, op_name, insn, size, basic_type)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/assembler_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/assembler_aarch64.hpp
index a81213c5ae4..89f3dd63f42 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/assembler_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/assembler_aarch64.hpp
@@ -3475,13 +3475,15 @@ template<typename R, typename... Rx>
 
 public:
 
-// SVE integer arithmetic - predicate
+// SVE Arithmetic - Predicated
 #define INSN(NAME, op1, op2)                                                                            \
   void NAME(FloatRegister Zdn_or_Zd_or_Vd, SIMD_RegVariant T, PRegister Pg, FloatRegister Znm_or_Vn) {  \
-    assert(T != Q, "invalid register variant");                                                         \
+    assert(ALLOWED, "invalid register variant");                                                        \
     sve_predicate_reg_insn(op1, op2, Zdn_or_Zd_or_Vd, T, Pg, Znm_or_Vn);                                \
   }
 
+// SVE Integer Arithmetic - Predicated (B/H/S/D element sizes).
+#define ALLOWED (T != Q)
   INSN(sve_abs,   0b00000100, 0b010110101); // vector abs, unary
   INSN(sve_add,   0b00000100, 0b000000000); // vector add
   INSN(sve_and,   0b00000100, 0b011010000); // vector and
@@ -3511,15 +3513,16 @@ template<typename R, typename... Rx>
   INSN(sve_umaxv, 0b00000100, 0b001001001); // unsigned maximum reduction to scalar
   INSN(sve_umin,  0b00000100, 0b001011000); // unsigned minimum vectors
   INSN(sve_uminv, 0b00000100, 0b001011001); // unsigned minimum reduction to scalar
-#undef INSN
+#undef ALLOWED
 
-// SVE floating-point arithmetic - predicate
-#define INSN(NAME, op1, op2)                                                                          \
-  void NAME(FloatRegister Zd_or_Zdn_or_Vd, SIMD_RegVariant T, PRegister Pg, FloatRegister Zn_or_Zm) { \
-    assert(T == H || T == S || T == D, "invalid register variant");                                   \
-    sve_predicate_reg_insn(op1, op2, Zd_or_Zdn_or_Vd, T, Pg, Zn_or_Zm);                               \
-  }
+// SVE Integer Binary Arithmetic - Predicated (S/D element sizes).
+#define ALLOWED (T == S || T == D)
+  INSN(sve_sdiv, 0b00000100, 0b010100000); // signed divide
+  INSN(sve_udiv, 0b00000100, 0b010101000); // unsigned divide
+#undef ALLOWED
 
+// SVE Floating-point Arithmetic - Predicated (H/S/D element sizes).
+#define ALLOWED (T == H || T == S || T == D)
   INSN(sve_fabd,   0b01100101, 0b001000100); // floating-point absolute difference
   INSN(sve_fabs,   0b00000100, 0b011100101);
   INSN(sve_fadd,   0b01100101, 0b000000100);
@@ -3537,9 +3540,18 @@ template<typename R, typename... Rx>
   INSN(sve_frintp, 0b01100101, 0b000001101); // floating-point round to integral value, toward plus infinity
   INSN(sve_fsqrt,  0b01100101, 0b001101101);
   INSN(sve_fsub,   0b01100101, 0b000001100);
+#undef ALLOWED
+
+// SVE2 Signed/Unsigned Saturating Add/Sub - Predicated (B/H/S/D element sizes).
+#define ALLOWED (T != Q)
+  INSN(sve_sqadd, 0b01000100, 0b011000100); // signed saturating add
+  INSN(sve_sqsub, 0b01000100, 0b011010100); // signed saturating sub
+  INSN(sve_uqadd, 0b01000100, 0b011001100); // unsigned saturating add
+  INSN(sve_uqsub, 0b01000100, 0b011011100); // unsigned saturating sub
+#undef ALLOWED
 #undef INSN
 
-  // SVE multiple-add/sub - predicated
+// SVE multiple-add/sub - predicated
 #define INSN(NAME, op0, op1, op2)                                                                     \
   void NAME(FloatRegister Zda, SIMD_RegVariant T, PRegister Pg, FloatRegister Zn, FloatRegister Zm) { \
     starti;                                                                                           \
@@ -4347,20 +4359,6 @@ template<typename R, typename... Rx>
   INSN(sve_smullt, /* is_unsigned */ false, /* is_top */ true ); // Signed widening multiply of top elements
 #undef INSN
 
-// SVE2 saturating operations - predicate
-#define INSN(NAME, op1, op2)                                                          \
-  void NAME(FloatRegister Zdn, SIMD_RegVariant T, PRegister Pg, FloatRegister Znm) {  \
-    assert(T != Q, "invalid register variant");                                       \
-    sve_predicate_reg_insn(op1, op2, Zdn, T, Pg, Znm);                                \
-  }
-
-  INSN(sve_sqadd, 0b01000100, 0b011000100); // signed saturating add
-  INSN(sve_sqsub, 0b01000100, 0b011010100); // signed saturating sub
-  INSN(sve_uqadd, 0b01000100, 0b011001100); // unsigned saturating add
-  INSN(sve_uqsub, 0b01000100, 0b011011100); // unsigned saturating sub
-
-#undef INSN
-
   Assembler(CodeBuffer* code) : AbstractAssembler(code) {
     MACOS_AARCH64_ONLY(os::thread_wx_enable_write());
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 3321fcc4edb..7d490a99eaa 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -2970,3 +2970,42 @@ int C2_MacroAssembler::vector_iota_entry_index(BasicType bt) {
     ShouldNotReachHere();
   }
 }
+
+// Vector integer division for BYTE elements. Each BYTE is widened to SHORT for
+// the low and high halves of the register, divided using the SHORT helper
+// (which widens further to INT), and the two SHORT result halves are narrowed
+// back to BYTE.
+void C2_MacroAssembler::sve_sdiv_byte(FloatRegister dst_src1, FloatRegister src2,
+                                      FloatRegister vtmp1, FloatRegister vtmp2,
+                                      FloatRegister vtmp3, FloatRegister vtmp4) {
+  assert_different_registers(dst_src1, src2, vtmp1, vtmp2, vtmp3, vtmp4);
+  FloatRegister src1 = dst_src1;
+  // Low half of the bytes -> SHORT, then divide (result SHORT in vtmp1).
+  sve_sunpklo(vtmp1, H, src1);
+  sve_sunpklo(vtmp2, H, src2);
+  sve_sdiv_short(vtmp1, vtmp2, vtmp3, vtmp4);
+  // High half of the bytes -> SHORT, then divide (result SHORT in src1).
+  sve_sunpkhi(src1, H, src1);
+  sve_sunpkhi(vtmp2, H, src2);
+  sve_sdiv_short(src1, vtmp2, vtmp3, vtmp4);
+  // Narrow the two SHORT result halves back to BYTE.
+  sve_uzp1(dst_src1, B, vtmp1, src1);
+}
+
+// Vector integer division for SHORT elements, implemented by widening each
+// element to 32 bits, performing SDIV, and narrowing back.
+void C2_MacroAssembler::sve_sdiv_short(FloatRegister dst_src1, FloatRegister src2,
+                                       FloatRegister vtmp1, FloatRegister vtmp2) {
+  assert_different_registers(dst_src1, src2, vtmp1, vtmp2);
+  FloatRegister src1 = dst_src1;
+  // Low half: SHORT -> INT, then divide.
+  sve_sunpklo(vtmp1, S, src1);
+  sve_sunpklo(vtmp2, S, src2);
+  sve_sdiv(vtmp1, S, ptrue, vtmp2);
+  // High half: SHORT -> INT, then divide.
+  sve_sunpkhi(src1, S, src1);
+  sve_sunpkhi(vtmp2, S, src2);
+  sve_sdiv(src1, S, ptrue, vtmp2);
+  // Narrow the two INT result halves back to SHORT.
+  sve_uzp1(dst_src1, H, vtmp1, src1);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
index f96d3ffb863..778f5e46589 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
@@ -253,4 +253,9 @@
   void sve_cpy(FloatRegister dst, SIMD_RegVariant T, PRegister pg, int imm8,
                bool isMerge);
   int vector_iota_entry_index(BasicType bt);
+
+  void sve_sdiv_byte(FloatRegister dst_src1, FloatRegister src2, FloatRegister vtmp1,
+                     FloatRegister vtmp2, FloatRegister vtmp3, FloatRegister vtmp4);
+  void sve_sdiv_short(FloatRegister dst_src1, FloatRegister src2,
+                      FloatRegister vtmp1, FloatRegister vtmp2);
 #endif // CPU_AARCH64_C2_MACROASSEMBLER_AARCH64_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
index 6dfdde51ac5..df331ed02d3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
@@ -1807,6 +1807,8 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   SVE_DESTRUCTIVE_BINARY_5(sve_fmul, sve_fsub,  sve_lsl,   sve_lsr,   sve_mul)
   SVE_DESTRUCTIVE_BINARY_5(sve_orr,  sve_smax,  sve_smin,  sve_sqadd, sve_sqsub)
   SVE_DESTRUCTIVE_BINARY_5(sve_sub,  sve_uqadd, sve_uqsub, sve_umax,  sve_umin)
+  SVE_DESTRUCTIVE_BINARY_INS(sve_sdiv);
+  SVE_DESTRUCTIVE_BINARY_INS(sve_udiv);
 
 #undef SVE_DESTRUCTIVE_BINARY_INS
 #undef SVE_DESTRUCTIVE_BINARY_5
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp
index 53a72f979db..3527c6dad37 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp
@@ -414,6 +414,10 @@ macro(MulAddVS2VI)
 macro(FmaVD)
 macro(FmaVF)
 macro(FmaVHF)
+macro(DivVB)
+macro(DivVS)
+macro(DivVI)
+macro(DivVL)
 macro(DivVHF)
 macro(DivVF)
 macro(DivVD)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
index 20857eed35c..b1251562ca8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
@@ -96,6 +96,15 @@ int VectorNode::opcode(int sopc, BasicType bt) {
     return (bt == T_DOUBLE ? Op_VectorBlend : 0);
   case Op_Bool:
     return Op_VectorMaskCmp;
+  case Op_DivI:
+    switch (bt) {
+    case T_BYTE:  return Op_DivVB;
+    case T_SHORT: return Op_DivVS;
+    case T_INT:   return Op_DivVI;
+    default:      return 0;
+    }
+  case Op_DivL:
+    return (bt == T_LONG ? Op_DivVL : 0);
   case Op_DivHF:
     return (bt == T_SHORT ? Op_DivVHF : 0);
   case Op_DivF:
@@ -333,6 +342,12 @@ int VectorNode::scalar_opcode(int vopc, BasicType bt) {
     case Op_MulVD:
       return Op_MulD;
 
+    case Op_DivVB:
+    case Op_DivVS:
+    case Op_DivVI:
+      return Op_DivI;
+    case Op_DivVL:
+      return Op_DivL;
     case Op_DivVF:
       return Op_DivF;
     case Op_DivVD:
@@ -680,7 +695,7 @@ void VectorNode::vector_operands(Node* n, uint* start, uint* end) {
   case Op_AddI: case Op_AddL: case Op_AddHF: case Op_AddF: case Op_AddD:
   case Op_SubI: case Op_SubL: case Op_SubHF: case Op_SubF: case Op_SubD:
   case Op_MulI: case Op_MulL: case Op_MulHF: case Op_MulF: case Op_MulD:
-  case Op_DivHF: case Op_DivF: case Op_DivD:
+  case Op_DivI: case Op_DivL: case Op_DivHF: case Op_DivF: case Op_DivD:
   case Op_AndI: case Op_AndL:
   case Op_OrI:  case Op_OrL:
   case Op_XorI: case Op_XorL:
@@ -759,6 +774,10 @@ VectorNode* VectorNode::make(int vopc, Node* n1, Node* n2, const TypeVect* vt, b
   case Op_MulVF:  return new MulVFNode(n1, n2, vt);
   case Op_MulVD:  return new MulVDNode(n1, n2, vt);
 
+  case Op_DivVB:  return new DivVBNode(n1, n2, vt);
+  case Op_DivVS:  return new DivVSNode(n1, n2, vt);
+  case Op_DivVI:  return new DivVINode(n1, n2, vt);
+  case Op_DivVL:  return new DivVLNode(n1, n2, vt);
   case Op_DivVHF: return new DivVHFNode(n1, n2, vt);
   case Op_DivVF:  return new DivVFNode(n1, n2, vt);
   case Op_DivVD:  return new DivVDNode(n1, n2, vt);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.hpp
index d013bbc25d6..31faad5826e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.hpp
@@ -696,6 +696,34 @@ class MulReductionVDNode : public ReductionNode {
   virtual uint size_of() const { return sizeof(*this); }
 };
 
+// Vector divide byte
+class DivVBNode : public VectorNode {
+public:
+  DivVBNode(Node* in1, Node* in2, const TypeVect* vt) : VectorNode(in1, in2, vt) {}
+  virtual int Opcode() const;
+};
+
+// Vector divide short
+class DivVSNode : public VectorNode {
+public:
+  DivVSNode(Node* in1, Node* in2, const TypeVect* vt) : VectorNode(in1, in2, vt) {}
+  virtual int Opcode() const;
+};
+
+// Vector divide int
+class DivVINode : public VectorNode {
+public:
+  DivVINode(Node* in1, Node* in2, const TypeVect* vt) : VectorNode(in1, in2, vt) {}
+  virtual int Opcode() const;
+};
+
+// Vector divide long
+class DivVLNode : public VectorNode {
+public:
+  DivVLNode(Node* in1, Node* in2, const TypeVect* vt) : VectorNode(in1, in2, vt) {}
+  virtual int Opcode() const;
+};
+
 // Vector divide half float
 class DivVHFNode : public VectorNode {
 public:
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/aarch64-asmtest.py b/test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/aarch64-asmtest.py
index b5386d47a73..f9eb3f7e7cc 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/aarch64-asmtest.py
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/aarch64-asmtest.py
@@ -1121,6 +1121,8 @@ def __init__(self, args):
         self._bitwiseop = False
         if name[0] == 'f':
             self._width = RegVariant(2, 3)
+        elif name in ["sdiv", "udiv"]:
+            self._width = RegVariant(2, 3)
         elif not self._isPredicated and (name in ["and", "bic", "bsl", "eor", "eor3", "orr"]):
             self._width = RegVariant(3, 3)
             self._bitwiseop = True
@@ -2220,6 +2222,8 @@ def generate(kind, names):
                        ["lsl", "ZPZ", "m", "dn"],
                        ["lsr", "ZPZ", "m", "dn"],
                        ["mul", "ZPZ", "m", "dn"],
+                       ["sdiv", "ZPZ", "m", "dn"],
+                       ["udiv", "ZPZ", "m", "dn"],
                        ["neg", "ZPZ", "m"],
                        ["not", "ZPZ", "m"],
                        ["orr", "ZPZ", "m", "dn"],
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/asmtest.out.h b/test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/asmtest.out.h
index 95832a1faf6..070e8376d3b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/asmtest.out.h
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/aarch64/asmtest.out.h
@@ -1382,80 +1382,82 @@
     __ sve_lsl(z17, __ D, p1, z11);                    //       lsl     z17.d, p1/m, z17.d, z11.d
     __ sve_lsr(z16, __ B, p0, z16);                    //       lsr     z16.b, p0/m, z16.b, z16.b
     __ sve_mul(z28, __ D, p1, z23);                    //       mul     z28.d, p1/m, z28.d, z23.d
-    __ sve_neg(z28, __ S, p4, z10);                    //       neg     z28.s, p4/m, z10.s
-    __ sve_not(z17, __ S, p7, z7);                     //       not     z17.s, p7/m, z7.s
-    __ sve_orr(z4, __ H, p3, z24);                     //       orr     z4.h, p3/m, z4.h, z24.h
-    __ sve_rbit(z9, __ B, p2, z11);                    //       rbit    z9.b, p2/m, z11.b
-    __ sve_revb(z4, __ S, p5, z22);                    //       revb    z4.s, p5/m, z22.s
-    __ sve_smax(z4, __ H, p0, z15);                    //       smax    z4.h, p0/m, z4.h, z15.h
-    __ sve_smin(z4, __ D, p7, z26);                    //       smin    z4.d, p7/m, z4.d, z26.d
-    __ sve_umax(z5, __ H, p5, z26);                    //       umax    z5.h, p5/m, z5.h, z26.h
-    __ sve_umin(z31, __ B, p0, z25);                   //       umin    z31.b, p0/m, z31.b, z25.b
-    __ sve_sub(z8, __ S, p1, z3);                      //       sub     z8.s, p1/m, z8.s, z3.s
-    __ sve_fabs(z7, __ D, p6, z24);                    //       fabs    z7.d, p6/m, z24.d
-    __ sve_fadd(z24, __ S, p7, z17);                   //       fadd    z24.s, p7/m, z24.s, z17.s
-    __ sve_fdiv(z10, __ S, p3, z30);                   //       fdiv    z10.s, p3/m, z10.s, z30.s
-    __ sve_fmax(z8, __ S, p6, z29);                    //       fmax    z8.s, p6/m, z8.s, z29.s
-    __ sve_fmin(z31, __ D, p5, z31);                   //       fmin    z31.d, p5/m, z31.d, z31.d
-    __ sve_fmul(z0, __ D, p5, z7);                     //       fmul    z0.d, p5/m, z0.d, z7.d
-    __ sve_fneg(z29, __ S, p6, z22);                   //       fneg    z29.s, p6/m, z22.s
-    __ sve_frintm(z29, __ S, p6, z20);                 //       frintm  z29.s, p6/m, z20.s
-    __ sve_frintn(z6, __ S, p4, z18);                  //       frintn  z6.s, p4/m, z18.s
-    __ sve_frintp(z26, __ S, p5, z8);                  //       frintp  z26.s, p5/m, z8.s
-    __ sve_fsqrt(z19, __ S, p2, z28);                  //       fsqrt   z19.s, p2/m, z28.s
-    __ sve_fsub(z17, __ D, p1, z30);                   //       fsub    z17.d, p1/m, z17.d, z30.d
-    __ sve_fmad(z24, __ S, p7, z14, z17);              //       fmad    z24.s, p7/m, z14.s, z17.s
-    __ sve_fmla(z19, __ D, p2, z26, z11);              //       fmla    z19.d, p2/m, z26.d, z11.d
-    __ sve_fmls(z0, __ D, p2, z15, z28);               //       fmls    z0.d, p2/m, z15.d, z28.d
-    __ sve_fmsb(z23, __ D, p5, z28, z23);              //       fmsb    z23.d, p5/m, z28.d, z23.d
-    __ sve_fnmad(z29, __ S, p6, z0, z27);              //       fnmad   z29.s, p6/m, z0.s, z27.s
-    __ sve_fnmsb(z23, __ S, p3, z12, z4);              //       fnmsb   z23.s, p3/m, z12.s, z4.s
-    __ sve_fnmla(z31, __ S, p6, z23, z20);             //       fnmla   z31.s, p6/m, z23.s, z20.s
-    __ sve_fnmls(z2, __ D, p7, z29, z0);               //       fnmls   z2.d, p7/m, z29.d, z0.d
-    __ sve_mla(z23, __ H, p0, z4, z5);                 //       mla     z23.h, p0/m, z4.h, z5.h
-    __ sve_mls(z28, __ H, p3, z17, z13);               //       mls     z28.h, p3/m, z17.h, z13.h
-    __ sve_and(z8, z10, z8);                           //       and     z8.d, z10.d, z8.d
-    __ sve_eor(z19, z0, z29);                          //       eor     z19.d, z0.d, z29.d
-    __ sve_orr(z16, z13, z23);                         //       orr     z16.d, z13.d, z23.d
-    __ sve_bic(z23, z30, z13);                         //       bic     z23.d, z30.d, z13.d
-    __ sve_uzp1(z25, __ H, z22, z0);                   //       uzp1    z25.h, z22.h, z0.h
-    __ sve_uzp2(z25, __ H, z30, z11);                  //       uzp2    z25.h, z30.h, z11.h
-    __ sve_fabd(z14, __ S, p5, z22);                   //       fabd    z14.s, p5/m, z14.s, z22.s
-    __ sve_bext(z5, __ H, z18, z0);                    //       bext    z5.h, z18.h, z0.h
-    __ sve_bdep(z9, __ D, z2, z3);                     //       bdep    z9.d, z2.d, z3.d
-    __ sve_bsl(z14, z4, z29);                          //       bsl     z14.d, z14.d, z4.d, z29.d
-    __ sve_eor3(z14, z22, z4);                         //       eor3    z14.d, z14.d, z22.d, z4.d
-    __ sve_sqadd(z27, __ S, p3, z22);                  //       sqadd   z27.s, p3/m, z27.s, z22.s
-    __ sve_sqsub(z31, __ S, p6, z11);                  //       sqsub   z31.s, p6/m, z31.s, z11.s
-    __ sve_uqadd(z12, __ B, p4, z28);                  //       uqadd   z12.b, p4/m, z12.b, z28.b
-    __ sve_uqsub(z28, __ D, p4, z4);                   //       uqsub   z28.d, p4/m, z28.d, z4.d
+    __ sve_sdiv(z28, __ D, p4, z10);                   //       sdiv    z28.d, p4/m, z28.d, z10.d
+    __ sve_udiv(z17, __ D, p7, z7);                    //       udiv    z17.d, p7/m, z17.d, z7.d
+    __ sve_neg(z4, __ H, p3, z24);                     //       neg     z4.h, p3/m, z24.h
+    __ sve_not(z9, __ B, p2, z11);                     //       not     z9.b, p2/m, z11.b
+    __ sve_orr(z4, __ S, p5, z22);                     //       orr     z4.s, p5/m, z4.s, z22.s
+    __ sve_rbit(z4, __ H, p0, z15);                    //       rbit    z4.h, p0/m, z15.h
+    __ sve_revb(z4, __ D, p7, z26);                    //       revb    z4.d, p7/m, z26.d
+    __ sve_smax(z5, __ H, p5, z26);                    //       smax    z5.h, p5/m, z5.h, z26.h
+    __ sve_smin(z31, __ B, p0, z25);                   //       smin    z31.b, p0/m, z31.b, z25.b
+    __ sve_umax(z8, __ S, p1, z3);                     //       umax    z8.s, p1/m, z8.s, z3.s
+    __ sve_umin(z7, __ D, p6, z24);                    //       umin    z7.d, p6/m, z7.d, z24.d
+    __ sve_sub(z24, __ B, p7, z17);                    //       sub     z24.b, p7/m, z24.b, z17.b
+    __ sve_fabs(z10, __ S, p3, z30);                   //       fabs    z10.s, p3/m, z30.s
+    __ sve_fadd(z8, __ S, p6, z29);                    //       fadd    z8.s, p6/m, z8.s, z29.s
+    __ sve_fdiv(z31, __ D, p5, z31);                   //       fdiv    z31.d, p5/m, z31.d, z31.d
+    __ sve_fmax(z0, __ D, p5, z7);                     //       fmax    z0.d, p5/m, z0.d, z7.d
+    __ sve_fmin(z29, __ S, p6, z22);                   //       fmin    z29.s, p6/m, z29.s, z22.s
+    __ sve_fmul(z29, __ S, p6, z20);                   //       fmul    z29.s, p6/m, z29.s, z20.s
+    __ sve_fneg(z6, __ S, p4, z18);                    //       fneg    z6.s, p4/m, z18.s
+    __ sve_frintm(z26, __ S, p5, z8);                  //       frintm  z26.s, p5/m, z8.s
+    __ sve_frintn(z19, __ S, p2, z28);                 //       frintn  z19.s, p2/m, z28.s
+    __ sve_frintp(z17, __ D, p1, z30);                 //       frintp  z17.d, p1/m, z30.d
+    __ sve_fsqrt(z24, __ D, p7, z14);                  //       fsqrt   z24.d, p7/m, z14.d
+    __ sve_fsub(z14, __ D, p4, z10);                   //       fsub    z14.d, p4/m, z14.d, z10.d
+    __ sve_fmad(z11, __ S, p6, z0, z11);               //       fmad    z11.s, p6/m, z0.s, z11.s
+    __ sve_fmla(z28, __ D, p5, z23, z20);              //       fmla    z28.d, p5/m, z23.d, z20.d
+    __ sve_fmls(z23, __ S, p5, z29, z24);              //       fmls    z23.s, p5/m, z29.s, z24.s
+    __ sve_fmsb(z27, __ S, p1, z23, z13);              //       fmsb    z27.s, p1/m, z23.s, z13.s
+    __ sve_fnmad(z4, __ D, p3, z31, z26);              //       fnmad   z4.d, p3/m, z31.d, z26.d
+    __ sve_fnmsb(z20, __ D, p1, z2, z29);              //       fnmsb   z20.d, p1/m, z2.d, z29.d
+    __ sve_fnmla(z0, __ S, p7, z23, z3);               //       fnmla   z0.s, p7/m, z23.s, z3.s
+    __ sve_fnmls(z5, __ D, p2, z28, z13);              //       fnmls   z5.d, p2/m, z28.d, z13.d
+    __ sve_mla(z13, __ H, p3, z8, z10);                //       mla     z13.h, p3/m, z8.h, z10.h
+    __ sve_mls(z9, __ S, p4, z0, z29);                 //       mls     z9.s, p4/m, z0.s, z29.s
+    __ sve_and(z16, z13, z23);                         //       and     z16.d, z13.d, z23.d
+    __ sve_eor(z23, z30, z13);                         //       eor     z23.d, z30.d, z13.d
+    __ sve_orr(z25, z22, z0);                          //       orr     z25.d, z22.d, z0.d
+    __ sve_bic(z25, z30, z11);                         //       bic     z25.d, z30.d, z11.d
+    __ sve_uzp1(z14, __ H, z23, z22);                  //       uzp1    z14.h, z23.h, z22.h
+    __ sve_uzp2(z5, __ H, z18, z0);                    //       uzp2    z5.h, z18.h, z0.h
+    __ sve_fabd(z9, __ D, p0, z3);                     //       fabd    z9.d, p0/m, z9.d, z3.d
+    __ sve_bext(z14, __ H, z4, z29);                   //       bext    z14.h, z4.h, z29.h
+    __ sve_bdep(z14, __ D, z22, z4);                   //       bdep    z14.d, z22.d, z4.d
+    __ sve_bsl(z27, z15, z22);                         //       bsl     z27.d, z27.d, z15.d, z22.d
+    __ sve_eor3(z31, z24, z11);                        //       eor3    z31.d, z31.d, z24.d, z11.d
+    __ sve_sqadd(z12, __ B, p4, z28);                  //       sqadd   z12.b, p4/m, z12.b, z28.b
+    __ sve_sqsub(z28, __ D, p4, z4);                   //       sqsub   z28.d, p4/m, z28.d, z4.d
+    __ sve_uqadd(z6, __ S, p0, z15);                   //       uqadd   z6.s, p0/m, z6.s, z15.s
+    __ sve_uqsub(z1, __ S, p5, z18);                   //       uqsub   z1.s, p5/m, z1.s, z18.s
 
 // SVEReductionOp
-    __ sve_andv(v6, __ S, p0, z15);                    //       andv s6, p0, z15.s
-    __ sve_orv(v1, __ S, p5, z18);                     //       orv s1, p5, z18.s
-    __ sve_eorv(v2, __ H, p2, z4);                     //       eorv h2, p2, z4.h
-    __ sve_smaxv(v11, __ S, p2, z28);                  //       smaxv s11, p2, z28.s
-    __ sve_sminv(v3, __ H, p5, z31);                   //       sminv h3, p5, z31.h
-    __ sve_umaxv(v24, __ H, p5, z15);                  //       umaxv h24, p5, z15.h
-    __ sve_uminv(v6, __ H, p3, z8);                    //       uminv h6, p3, z8.h
-    __ sve_fminv(v21, __ D, p7, z4);                   //       fminv d21, p7, z4.d
-    __ sve_fmaxv(v24, __ S, p5, z6);                   //       fmaxv s24, p5, z6.s
-    __ sve_fadda(v4, __ D, p2, z9);                    //       fadda d4, p2, d4, z9.d
-    __ sve_uaddv(v10, __ S, p1, z31);                  //       uaddv d10, p1, z31.s
+    __ sve_andv(v2, __ H, p2, z4);                     //       andv h2, p2, z4.h
+    __ sve_orv(v11, __ S, p2, z28);                    //       orv s11, p2, z28.s
+    __ sve_eorv(v3, __ H, p5, z31);                    //       eorv h3, p5, z31.h
+    __ sve_smaxv(v24, __ H, p5, z15);                  //       smaxv h24, p5, z15.h
+    __ sve_sminv(v6, __ H, p3, z8);                    //       sminv h6, p3, z8.h
+    __ sve_umaxv(v21, __ D, p7, z4);                   //       umaxv d21, p7, z4.d
+    __ sve_uminv(v24, __ B, p5, z6);                   //       uminv b24, p5, z6.b
+    __ sve_fminv(v4, __ D, p2, z9);                    //       fminv d4, p2, z9.d
+    __ sve_fmaxv(v10, __ D, p1, z31);                  //       fmaxv d10, p1, z31.d
+    __ sve_fadda(v25, __ D, p3, z3);                   //       fadda d25, p3, d25, z3.d
+    __ sve_uaddv(v14, __ H, p2, z2);                   //       uaddv d14, p2, z2.h
 
 // AddWideNEONOp
-    __ saddwv(v25, v26, __ T8H, v27, __ T8B);          //       saddw   v25.8H, v26.8H, v27.8B
-    __ saddwv2(v15, v16, __ T8H, v17, __ T16B);        //       saddw2  v15.8H, v16.8H, v17.16B
-    __ saddwv(v3, v4, __ T4S, v5, __ T4H);             //       saddw   v3.4S, v4.4S, v5.4H
-    __ saddwv2(v18, v19, __ T4S, v20, __ T8H);         //       saddw2  v18.4S, v19.4S, v20.8H
-    __ saddwv(v14, v15, __ T2D, v16, __ T2S);          //       saddw   v14.2D, v15.2D, v16.2S
-    __ saddwv2(v10, v11, __ T2D, v12, __ T4S);         //       saddw2  v10.2D, v11.2D, v12.4S
-    __ uaddwv(v2, v3, __ T8H, v4, __ T8B);             //       uaddw   v2.8H, v3.8H, v4.8B
-    __ uaddwv2(v10, v11, __ T8H, v12, __ T16B);        //       uaddw2  v10.8H, v11.8H, v12.16B
-    __ uaddwv(v8, v9, __ T4S, v10, __ T4H);            //       uaddw   v8.4S, v9.4S, v10.4H
-    __ uaddwv2(v11, v12, __ T4S, v13, __ T8H);         //       uaddw2  v11.4S, v12.4S, v13.8H
-    __ uaddwv(v22, v23, __ T2D, v24, __ T2S);          //       uaddw   v22.2D, v23.2D, v24.2S
-    __ uaddwv2(v3, v4, __ T2D, v5, __ T4S);            //       uaddw2  v3.2D, v4.2D, v5.4S
+    __ saddwv(v8, v9, __ T8H, v10, __ T8B);            //       saddw   v8.8H, v9.8H, v10.8B
+    __ saddwv2(v11, v12, __ T8H, v13, __ T16B);        //       saddw2  v11.8H, v12.8H, v13.16B
+    __ saddwv(v22, v23, __ T4S, v24, __ T4H);          //       saddw   v22.4S, v23.4S, v24.4H
+    __ saddwv2(v3, v4, __ T4S, v5, __ T8H);            //       saddw2  v3.4S, v4.4S, v5.8H
+    __ saddwv(v12, v13, __ T2D, v14, __ T2S);          //       saddw   v12.2D, v13.2D, v14.2S
+    __ saddwv2(v24, v25, __ T2D, v26, __ T4S);         //       saddw2  v24.2D, v25.2D, v26.4S
+    __ uaddwv(v9, v10, __ T8H, v11, __ T8B);           //       uaddw   v9.8H, v10.8H, v11.8B
+    __ uaddwv2(v27, v28, __ T8H, v29, __ T16B);        //       uaddw2  v27.8H, v28.8H, v29.16B
+    __ uaddwv(v27, v28, __ T4S, v29, __ T4H);          //       uaddw   v27.4S, v28.4S, v29.4H
+    __ uaddwv2(v6, v7, __ T4S, v8, __ T8H);            //       uaddw2  v6.4S, v7.4S, v8.8H
+    __ uaddwv(v20, v21, __ T2D, v22, __ T2S);          //       uaddw   v20.2D, v21.2D, v22.2S
+    __ uaddwv2(v20, v21, __ T2D, v22, __ T4S);         //       uaddw2  v20.2D, v21.2D, v22.4S
 
     __ bind(forth);
 
@@ -1474,30 +1476,30 @@
     0x9101a1a0,     0xb10a5cc8,     0xd10810aa,     0xf10fd061,
     0x120cb166,     0x321764bc,     0x52174681,     0x720c0227,
     0x9241018e,     0xb25a2969,     0xd278b411,     0xf26aad01,
-    0x14000000,     0x17ffffd7,     0x140004d0,     0x94000000,
-    0x97ffffd4,     0x940004cd,     0x3400000a,     0x34fffa2a,
-    0x3400994a,     0x35000008,     0x35fff9c8,     0x350098e8,
-    0xb400000b,     0xb4fff96b,     0xb400988b,     0xb500001d,
-    0xb5fff91d,     0xb500983d,     0x10000013,     0x10fff8b3,
-    0x100097d3,     0x90000013,     0x36300016,     0x3637f836,
-    0x36309756,     0x3758000c,     0x375ff7cc,     0x375896ec,
+    0x14000000,     0x17ffffd7,     0x140004d2,     0x94000000,
+    0x97ffffd4,     0x940004cf,     0x3400000a,     0x34fffa2a,
+    0x3400998a,     0x35000008,     0x35fff9c8,     0x35009928,
+    0xb400000b,     0xb4fff96b,     0xb40098cb,     0xb500001d,
+    0xb5fff91d,     0xb500987d,     0x10000013,     0x10fff8b3,
+    0x10009813,     0x90000013,     0x36300016,     0x3637f836,
+    0x36309796,     0x3758000c,     0x375ff7cc,     0x3758972c,
     0x128313a0,     0x528a32c7,     0x7289173b,     0x92ab3acc,
     0xd2a0bf94,     0xf2c285e8,     0x9358722f,     0x330e652f,
     0x53067f3b,     0x93577c53,     0xb34a1aac,     0xd35a4016,
     0x13946c63,     0x93c3dbc8,     0x54000000,     0x54fff5a0,
-    0x540094c0,     0x54000001,     0x54fff541,     0x54009461,
-    0x54000002,     0x54fff4e2,     0x54009402,     0x54000002,
-    0x54fff482,     0x540093a2,     0x54000003,     0x54fff423,
-    0x54009343,     0x54000003,     0x54fff3c3,     0x540092e3,
-    0x54000004,     0x54fff364,     0x54009284,     0x54000005,
-    0x54fff305,     0x54009225,     0x54000006,     0x54fff2a6,
-    0x540091c6,     0x54000007,     0x54fff247,     0x54009167,
-    0x54000008,     0x54fff1e8,     0x54009108,     0x54000009,
-    0x54fff189,     0x540090a9,     0x5400000a,     0x54fff12a,
-    0x5400904a,     0x5400000b,     0x54fff0cb,     0x54008feb,
-    0x5400000c,     0x54fff06c,     0x54008f8c,     0x5400000d,
-    0x54fff00d,     0x54008f2d,     0x5400000e,     0x54ffefae,
-    0x54008ece,     0x5400000f,     0x54ffef4f,     0x54008e6f,
+    0x54009500,     0x54000001,     0x54fff541,     0x540094a1,
+    0x54000002,     0x54fff4e2,     0x54009442,     0x54000002,
+    0x54fff482,     0x540093e2,     0x54000003,     0x54fff423,
+    0x54009383,     0x54000003,     0x54fff3c3,     0x54009323,
+    0x54000004,     0x54fff364,     0x540092c4,     0x54000005,
+    0x54fff305,     0x54009265,     0x54000006,     0x54fff2a6,
+    0x54009206,     0x54000007,     0x54fff247,     0x540091a7,
+    0x54000008,     0x54fff1e8,     0x54009148,     0x54000009,
+    0x54fff189,     0x540090e9,     0x5400000a,     0x54fff12a,
+    0x5400908a,     0x5400000b,     0x54fff0cb,     0x5400902b,
+    0x5400000c,     0x54fff06c,     0x54008fcc,     0x5400000d,
+    0x54fff00d,     0x54008f6d,     0x5400000e,     0x54ffefae,
+    0x54008f0e,     0x5400000f,     0x54ffef4f,     0x54008eaf,
     0xd40658e1,     0xd4014d22,     0xd4046543,     0xd4273f60,
     0xd44cad80,     0xd503201f,     0xd503203f,     0xd503205f,
     0xd503209f,     0xd50320bf,     0xd503219f,     0xd50323bf,
@@ -1540,7 +1542,7 @@
     0x39598921,     0x795d3077,     0x399d0675,     0x7998d8f3,
     0x79dbd02a,     0xb99d068a,     0xfd5d11a0,     0xbd58d76b,
     0xfd1ac72d,     0xbd1d9c14,     0x5800001a,     0x18ffda33,
-    0xf8991100,     0xd8007920,     0xf8a758e0,     0xf9989d80,
+    0xf8991100,     0xd8007960,     0xf8a758e0,     0xf9989d80,
     0x1a0b0298,     0x3a1c01a0,     0x5a0400ea,     0x7a02020f,
     0x9a1d028c,     0xba0e01ad,     0xda140186,     0xfa19022c,
     0x0b2b877e,     0x2b21c8ee,     0xcb3ba47d,     0x6b3ae9a0,
@@ -1765,23 +1767,24 @@
     0x04e71f54,     0x04d6b0d4,     0x044003ad,     0x041a0029,
     0x041099fb,     0x04db1e24,     0x0419a302,     0x041abdba,
     0x04d90e16,     0x04d38571,     0x04118210,     0x04d006fc,
-    0x0497b15c,     0x049ebcf1,     0x04580f04,     0x05278969,
-    0x05a496c4,     0x044801e4,     0x04ca1f44,     0x04491745,
-    0x040b033f,     0x04810468,     0x04dcbb07,     0x65809e38,
-    0x658d8fca,     0x65869ba8,     0x65c797ff,     0x65c294e0,
-    0x049dbadd,     0x6582ba9d,     0x6580b246,     0x6581b51a,
-    0x658dab93,     0x65c187d1,     0x65b19dd8,     0x65eb0b53,
-    0x65fc29e0,     0x65f7b797,     0x65bbd81d,     0x65a4ed97,
-    0x65b45aff,     0x65e07fa2,     0x04454097,     0x044d6e3c,
-    0x04283148,     0x04bd3013,     0x047731b0,     0x04ed33d7,
-    0x05606ad9,     0x056b6fd9,     0x658896ce,     0x4540b245,
-    0x45c3b449,     0x04243fae,     0x0436388e,     0x44988edb,
-    0x449a997f,     0x4419938c,     0x44db909c,     0x049a21e6,
-    0x04983641,     0x04592882,     0x04882b8b,     0x044a37e3,
-    0x044935f8,     0x044b2d06,     0x65c73c95,     0x658634d8,
-    0x65d82924,     0x048127ea,     0x0e3b1359,     0x4e31120f,
-    0x0e651083,     0x4e741272,     0x0eb011ee,     0x4eac116a,
-    0x2e241062,     0x6e2c116a,     0x2e6a1128,     0x6e6d118b,
-    0x2eb812f6,     0x6ea51083,
+    0x04d4115c,     0x04d51cf1,     0x0457af04,     0x041ea969,
+    0x049816c4,     0x056781e4,     0x05e49f44,     0x04481745,
+    0x040a033f,     0x04890468,     0x04cb1b07,     0x04011e38,
+    0x049cafca,     0x65809ba8,     0x65cd97ff,     0x65c694e0,
+    0x65879add,     0x65829a9d,     0x049db246,     0x6582b51a,
+    0x6580ab93,     0x65c1a7d1,     0x65cdbdd8,     0x65c1914e,
+    0x65ab980b,     0x65f416fc,     0x65b837b7,     0x65ada6fb,
+    0x65facfe4,     0x65fde454,     0x65a35ee0,     0x65ed6b85,
+    0x044a4d0d,     0x049d7009,     0x043731b0,     0x04ad33d7,
+    0x046032d9,     0x04eb33d9,     0x05766aee,     0x05606e45,
+    0x65c88069,     0x455db08e,     0x45c4b6ce,     0x042f3edb,
+    0x0438397f,     0x4418938c,     0x44da909c,     0x449981e6,
+    0x449b9641,     0x045a2882,     0x04982b8b,     0x045937e3,
+    0x044835f8,     0x044a2d06,     0x04c93c95,     0x040b34d8,
+    0x65c72924,     0x65c627ea,     0x65d82c79,     0x0441284e,
+    0x0e2a1128,     0x4e2d118b,     0x0e7812f6,     0x4e651083,
+    0x0eae11ac,     0x4eba1338,     0x2e2b1149,     0x6e3d139b,
+    0x2e7d139b,     0x6e6810e6,     0x2eb612b4,     0x6eb612b4,
+
   };
 // END  Generated code -- do not edit
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/cr7200264/TestIntVect.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/cr7200264/TestIntVect.java
index 336abf32480..8bf8c9846ec 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/cr7200264/TestIntVect.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/cr7200264/TestIntVect.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -555,12 +555,16 @@ void test_divc_n(int[] a0, int[] a1) {
         }
     }
 
-    // Not vectorized: no vector div. NOTE: This check does not document the
-    // _desired_ behavior of the system but the current behavior (no
-    // vectorization)
+    // Not vectorized: On AArch64 SVE, vectorization for this example results in
+    // DivVI nodes.
     @Test
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.LOAD_VECTOR_I, "> 0",
+                   IRNode.STORE_VECTOR,  "> 0",
+                   IRNode.DIV_VI,        "> 0" },
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve", "true"})
     @IR(counts = { IRNode.LOAD_VECTOR_I, "= 0",
-                   IRNode.STORE_VECTOR,  "= 0" })
+                   IRNode.STORE_VECTOR,  "= 0" },
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve", "false"})
     void test_divv(int[] a0, int[] a1, int b) {
         for (int i = 0; i < a0.length; i+=1) {
             a0[i] = (int)(a1[i]/b);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java
index 249e73fa54b..a3ac0b78a11 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java
@@ -763,6 +763,26 @@ public class IRNode {
         beforeMatchingNameRegex(DIV_MOD_L, "DivModL");
     }
 
+    public static final String DIV_VB = VECTOR_PREFIX + "DIV_VB" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        vectorNode(DIV_VB, "DivVB", TYPE_BYTE);
+    }
+
+    public static final String DIV_VS = VECTOR_PREFIX + "DIV_VS" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        vectorNode(DIV_VS, "DivVS", TYPE_SHORT);
+    }
+
+    public static final String DIV_VI = VECTOR_PREFIX + "DIV_VI" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        vectorNode(DIV_VI, "DivVI", TYPE_INT);
+    }
+
+    public static final String DIV_VL = VECTOR_PREFIX + "DIV_VL" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        vectorNode(DIV_VL, "DivVL", TYPE_LONG);
+    }
+
     public static final String DIV_VHF = VECTOR_PREFIX + "DIV_VHF" + POSTFIX;
     static {
         vectorNode(DIV_VHF, "DivVHF", TYPE_SHORT);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorDivTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorDivTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cfa51b9434c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorDivTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, NVIDIA CORPORATION & AFFILIATES. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8387594
+ * @key randomness
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @summary IR tests for Vector API lanewise DIV
+ * @modules jdk.incubator.vector
+ *
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.vectorapi;
+
+import compiler.lib.generators.*;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import jdk.incubator.vector.*;
+
+public class VectorDivTest {
+    private static final Generators RD = Generators.G;
+
+    private static final VectorSpecies<Byte> B_SPECIES = ByteVector.SPECIES_MAX;
+    private static final VectorSpecies<Short> S_SPECIES = ShortVector.SPECIES_MAX;
+    private static final VectorSpecies<Integer> I_SPECIES = IntVector.SPECIES_MAX;
+    private static final VectorSpecies<Long> L_SPECIES = LongVector.SPECIES_MAX;
+    private static final VectorSpecies<Float> F_SPECIES = FloatVector.SPECIES_MAX;
+    private static final VectorSpecies<Double> D_SPECIES = DoubleVector.SPECIES_MAX;
+
+    private static final int BUF_LEN = 256;
+
+    private static final byte[] ba = new byte[BUF_LEN];
+    private static final byte[] bb = new byte[BUF_LEN];
+    private static final byte[] br = new byte[BUF_LEN];
+
+    private static final short[] sa = new short[BUF_LEN];
+    private static final short[] sb = new short[BUF_LEN];
+    private static final short[] sr = new short[BUF_LEN];
+
+    private static final int[] ia = new int[BUF_LEN];
+    private static final int[] ib = new int[BUF_LEN];
+    private static final int[] ir = new int[BUF_LEN];
+
+    private static final long[] la = new long[BUF_LEN];
+    private static final long[] lb = new long[BUF_LEN];
+    private static final long[] lr = new long[BUF_LEN];
+
+    private static final float[] fa = new float[BUF_LEN];
+    private static final float[] fb = new float[BUF_LEN];
+    private static final float[] fr = new float[BUF_LEN];
+
+    private static final double[] da = new double[BUF_LEN];
+    private static final double[] db = new double[BUF_LEN];
+    private static final double[] dr = new double[BUF_LEN];
+
+    private static final boolean[] mask_arr = new boolean[BUF_LEN];
+
+    static {
+        Generator<Integer> iGen = RD.ints();
+        Generator<Long> lGen = RD.longs();
+        Generator<Float> fGen = RD.floats();
+        Generator<Double> dGen = RD.doubles();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < BUF_LEN; i++) {
+            mask_arr[i] = (i & 1) != 0;
+            ba[i] = iGen.next().byteValue();
+            // Integer divisors must be non-zero, otherwise lanewise DIV throws.
+            bb[i] = nonZeroByte(iGen.next().byteValue());
+            sa[i] = iGen.next().shortValue();
+            sb[i] = nonZeroShort(iGen.next().shortValue());
+            ib[i] = nonZeroInt(iGen.next());
+            lb[i] = nonZeroLong(lGen.next());
+        }
+
+        RD.fill(iGen, ia);
+        RD.fill(lGen, la);
+        RD.fill(fGen, fa);
+        // Floating-point division has no divide-by-zero exception.
+        RD.fill(fGen, fb);
+        RD.fill(dGen, da);
+        RD.fill(dGen, db);
+    }
+
+    private static byte nonZeroByte(byte v)   { return v == 0 ? (byte) 1 : v; }
+    private static short nonZeroShort(short v) { return v == 0 ? (short) 1 : v; }
+    private static int nonZeroInt(int v)   { return v == 0 ? 1 : v; }
+    private static long nonZeroLong(long v) { return v == 0 ? 1L : v; }
+
+    // Unmasked lanewise DIV.
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.DIV_VB, ">= 1" },
+        applyIfCPUFeature = { "sve", "true" })
+    public static void testDivByte() {
+        ByteVector va = ByteVector.fromArray(B_SPECIES, ba, 0);
+        ByteVector vb = ByteVector.fromArray(B_SPECIES, bb, 0);
+        va.lanewise(VectorOperators.DIV, vb).intoArray(br, 0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.DIV_VS, ">= 1" },
+        applyIfCPUFeature = { "sve", "true" })
+    public static void testDivShort() {
+        ShortVector va = ShortVector.fromArray(S_SPECIES, sa, 0);
+        ShortVector vb = ShortVector.fromArray(S_SPECIES, sb, 0);
+        va.lanewise(VectorOperators.DIV, vb).intoArray(sr, 0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.DIV_VI, ">= 1" },
+        applyIfCPUFeature = { "sve", "true" })
+    public static void testDivInt() {
+        IntVector va = IntVector.fromArray(I_SPECIES, ia, 0);
+        IntVector vb = IntVector.fromArray(I_SPECIES, ib, 0);
+        va.lanewise(VectorOperators.DIV, vb).intoArray(ir, 0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.DIV_VL, ">= 1" },
+        applyIfCPUFeature = { "sve", "true" })
+    public static void testDivLong() {
+        LongVector va = LongVector.fromArray(L_SPECIES, la, 0);
+        LongVector vb = LongVector.fromArray(L_SPECIES, lb, 0);
+        va.lanewise(VectorOperators.DIV, vb).intoArray(lr, 0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.DIV_VF, ">= 1" },
+        applyIfCPUFeature = { "asimd", "true" })
+    public static void testDivFloat() {
+        FloatVector va = FloatVector.fromArray(F_SPECIES, fa, 0);
+        FloatVector vb = FloatVector.fromArray(F_SPECIES, fb, 0);
+        va.lanewise(VectorOperators.DIV, vb).intoArray(fr, 0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.DIV_VD, ">= 1" },
+        applyIfCPUFeature = { "asimd", "true" })
+    public static void testDivDouble() {
+        DoubleVector va = DoubleVector.fromArray(D_SPECIES, da, 0);
+        DoubleVector vb = DoubleVector.fromArray(D_SPECIES, db, 0);
+        va.lanewise(VectorOperators.DIV, vb).intoArray(dr, 0);
+    }
+
+    // Masked lanewise DIV. On AArch64, BYTE/SHORT have no native predicated
+    // divide, so they are lowered to an unpredicated divide combined with a
+    // VectorBlend.
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.DIV_VB, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.VECTOR_BLEND_B, ">= 1" },
+        applyIfCPUFeature = { "sve", "true" })
+    public static void testMaskedDivByte() {
+        VectorMask<Byte> mask = VectorMask.fromArray(B_SPECIES, mask_arr, 0);
+        ByteVector va = ByteVector.fromArray(B_SPECIES, ba, 0);
+        ByteVector vb = ByteVector.fromArray(B_SPECIES, bb, 0);
+        va.lanewise(VectorOperators.DIV, vb, mask).intoArray(br, 0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.DIV_VS, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.VECTOR_BLEND_S, ">= 1" },
+        applyIfCPUFeature = { "sve", "true" })
+    public static void testMaskedDivShort() {
+        VectorMask<Short> mask = VectorMask.fromArray(S_SPECIES, mask_arr, 0);
+        ShortVector va = ShortVector.fromArray(S_SPECIES, sa, 0);
+        ShortVector vb = ShortVector.fromArray(S_SPECIES, sb, 0);
+        va.lanewise(VectorOperators.DIV, vb, mask).intoArray(sr, 0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.DIV_VI, ">= 1" },
+        applyIfCPUFeature = { "sve", "true" })
+    public static void testMaskedDivInt() {
+        VectorMask<Integer> mask = VectorMask.fromArray(I_SPECIES, mask_arr, 0);
+        IntVector va = IntVector.fromArray(I_SPECIES, ia, 0);
+        IntVector vb = IntVector.fromArray(I_SPECIES, ib, 0);
+        va.lanewise(VectorOperators.DIV, vb, mask).intoArray(ir, 0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.DIV_VL, ">= 1" },
+        applyIfCPUFeature = { "sve", "true" })
+    public static void testMaskedDivLong() {
+        VectorMask<Long> mask = VectorMask.fromArray(L_SPECIES, mask_arr, 0);
+        LongVector va = LongVector.fromArray(L_SPECIES, la, 0);
+        LongVector vb = LongVector.fromArray(L_SPECIES, lb, 0);
+        va.lanewise(VectorOperators.DIV, vb, mask).intoArray(lr, 0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.DIV_VF, ">= 1" },
+        applyIfCPUFeature = { "sve", "true" })
+    public static void testMaskedDivFloat() {
+        VectorMask<Float> mask = VectorMask.fromArray(F_SPECIES, mask_arr, 0);
+        FloatVector va = FloatVector.fromArray(F_SPECIES, fa, 0);
+        FloatVector vb = FloatVector.fromArray(F_SPECIES, fb, 0);
+        va.lanewise(VectorOperators.DIV, vb, mask).intoArray(fr, 0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.DIV_VD, ">= 1" },
+        applyIfCPUFeature = { "sve", "true" })
+    public static void testMaskedDivDouble() {
+        VectorMask<Double> mask = VectorMask.fromArray(D_SPECIES, mask_arr, 0);
+        DoubleVector va = DoubleVector.fromArray(D_SPECIES, da, 0);
+        DoubleVector vb = DoubleVector.fromArray(D_SPECIES, db, 0);
+        va.lanewise(VectorOperators.DIV, vb, mask).intoArray(dr, 0);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestFramework testFramework = new TestFramework();
+        testFramework.setDefaultWarmup(10000)
+                     .addFlags("--add-modules=jdk.incubator.vector")
+                     .start();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/vm/compiler/VectorIntegerDiv.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/vm/compiler/VectorIntegerDiv.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..110e984dcfe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/vm/compiler/VectorIntegerDiv.java
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, NVIDIA CORPORATION & AFFILIATES. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.vm.compiler;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.*;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+// Measures auto-vectorization of integer division by a loop-invariant divisor.
+
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 2)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 2)
+@Fork(value = 3)
+public class VectorIntegerDiv {
+
+    @Param({"1024"})
+    private int size;
+
+    // Loop-invariant divisors. These are non-final fields, so the JIT sees a
+    // runtime value and cannot strength-reduce the division to a multiply.
+    private int  iDivisor;
+    private long lDivisor;
+
+    private int[]  ia, ir;
+    private long[] la, lr;
+
+    @Setup
+    public void setup() {
+        Random r = new Random(42);
+        iDivisor = r.nextInt() | 1;
+        lDivisor = r.nextLong() | 1L;
+
+        ia = new int[size];
+        ir = new int[size];
+        la = new long[size];
+        lr = new long[size];
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            ia[i] = r.nextInt();
+            la[i] = r.nextLong();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void intDiv() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < ia.length; i++) {
+            ir[i] = ia[i] / iDivisor;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void longDiv() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < la.length; i++) {
+            lr[i] = la[i] / lDivisor;
+        }
+    }
+}

From 16fbf6289b03dd4d708ff31a6318f5df18bd3afe Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ioi Lam <iklam@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 22 Jul 2026 06:17:15 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 304/707] 8388463: Aarch64+Zero build is broken by JDK-8387652

Reviewed-by: dholmes, stuefe
---
 src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.hpp | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.hpp
index ff2dd15eb75..949a9b6a705 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.hpp
@@ -270,8 +270,8 @@ class CompressedKlassPointers : public AllStatic {
   // Returns true if address points into protection zone (for error reporting)
   static bool is_in_protection_zone(address addr);
 
-  // platform-specific initializations
-  static void initialize_pd() NOT_AARCH64({});
+  // platform-specific initializations (needed only on non-zero aarch64 builds)
+  static void initialize_pd() ZERO_ONLY({}) NOT_ZERO(NOT_AARCH64({}));
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_OOPS_COMPRESSEDKLASS_HPP

From e60bb72a4aaa64b54a38089ddd2114087d1972f5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Albert Mingkun Yang <ayang@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 22 Jul 2026 06:23:29 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 305/707] 8388461: G1: Missing G1FromCardCache footprint

Reviewed-by: iwalulya
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.hpp | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.hpp
index 20f7b785f45..b185aa3151c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.hpp
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ class G1HeapRegionRemSet : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   // Returns the memory occupancy of all static data structures associated
   // with remembered sets.
   static size_t static_mem_size() {
-    return G1CardSet::static_mem_size();
+    return G1CardSet::static_mem_size() + G1FromCardCache::static_mem_size();
   }
 
   static void print_static_mem_size(outputStream* out);

From 13cb51b07d3cd454a1c917c8674ee8991e92ce72 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Daniel=20Jeli=C5=84ski?= <djelinski@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 22 Jul 2026 06:45:01 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 306/707] 8388538:
 com/sun/net/httpserver/simpleserver/jwebserver/MaxRequestTimeTest.java does
 not test the maximum request time

Reviewed-by: jpai
---
 .../jwebserver/MaxRequestTimeTest.java        | 67 +++++++++++--------
 1 file changed, 40 insertions(+), 27 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/com/sun/net/httpserver/simpleserver/jwebserver/MaxRequestTimeTest.java b/test/jdk/com/sun/net/httpserver/simpleserver/jwebserver/MaxRequestTimeTest.java
index c19ca632bf3..836beeab866 100644
--- a/test/jdk/com/sun/net/httpserver/simpleserver/jwebserver/MaxRequestTimeTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/com/sun/net/httpserver/simpleserver/jwebserver/MaxRequestTimeTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,27 +23,33 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
+ * @key randomness
  * @bug 8278398
  * @summary Tests the jwebserver's maximum request time
  * @modules jdk.httpserver
  * @library /test/lib
+ * @build jdk.test.lib.RandomFactory
  * @run junit/othervm MaxRequestTimeTest
  */
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
 import java.net.URI;
 import java.net.http.HttpClient;
 import java.net.http.HttpRequest;
 import java.net.http.HttpResponse;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.Random;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
-import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
-import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;
+
 import jdk.test.lib.Platform;
-import jdk.test.lib.net.SimpleSSLContext;
+import jdk.test.lib.RandomFactory;
 import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
 import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
 import jdk.test.lib.util.FileUtils;
@@ -61,16 +67,16 @@
  *
  * The jwebserver has a maximum request time of 5 seconds, which is set with the
  * "sun.net.httpserver.maxReqTime" system property. If this threshold is
- * reached, for example in the case of an HTTPS request where the server keeps
- * waiting for a plaintext request, the server closes the connection. Subsequent
+ * reached, the server closes the connection. Subsequent
  * requests are expected to be handled as normal.
  *
  * The test checks in the following order that:
  *    1. an HTTP request is handled successfully,
- *    2. an HTTPS request fails due to the server closing the connection
+ *    2. an incomplete HTTP request fails due to the server closing the connection
  *    3. another HTTP request is handled successfully.
  */
 public class MaxRequestTimeTest {
+    private static final Random RND = RandomFactory.getRandom();
     static final Path JAVA_HOME = Path.of(System.getProperty("java.home"));
     static final String LOCALE_OPT = "-J-Duser.language=en -J-Duser.country=US";
     static final String JWEBSERVER = getJwebserver(JAVA_HOME);
@@ -79,8 +85,6 @@ public class MaxRequestTimeTest {
     static final String LOOPBACK_ADDR = InetAddress.getLoopbackAddress().getHostAddress();
     static final AtomicInteger PORT = new AtomicInteger();
 
-    private static final SSLContext sslContext = SimpleSSLContext.findSSLContext();
-
     @BeforeAll
     public static void setup() throws IOException {
         if (Files.exists(TEST_DIR)) {
@@ -94,10 +98,10 @@ public void testMaxRequestTime() throws Throwable {
         final var sb = new StringBuffer();  // stdout & stderr
         final var p = startProcess("jwebserver", sb);
         try {
-            sendHTTPSRequest();  // server expected to terminate connection
-            sendHTTPRequest();   // server expected to respond successfully
-            sendHTTPSRequest();  // server expected to terminate connection
-            sendHTTPRequest();   // server expected to respond successfully
+            sendIncompleteRequest();  // server expected to terminate connection
+            sendCompleteRequest();   // server expected to respond successfully
+            sendIncompleteRequest();  // server expected to terminate connection
+            sendCompleteRequest();   // server expected to respond successfully
         } finally {
             p.destroy();
             int exitCode = p.waitFor();
@@ -105,6 +109,12 @@ public void testMaxRequestTime() throws Throwable {
         }
     }
 
+    static String requestText = """
+            GET / HTTP/1.1\r
+            Host: localhost\r
+            \r
+            """;
+    static ByteBuffer requestBuffer =  ByteBuffer.wrap(requestText.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
     static String expectedBody = """
                 <!DOCTYPE html>
                 <html>
@@ -119,8 +129,8 @@ public void testMaxRequestTime() throws Throwable {
                 </html>
                 """;
 
-    static void sendHTTPRequest() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
-        out.println("\n--- sendHTTPRequest");
+    static void sendCompleteRequest() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
+        out.println("\n--- sendCompleteRequest");
         var client = HttpClient.newBuilder()
                 .proxy(NO_PROXY)
                 .build();
@@ -129,18 +139,21 @@ static void sendHTTPRequest() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
         assertEquals(expectedBody, response.body());
     }
 
-    static void sendHTTPSRequest() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
-        out.println("\n--- sendHTTPSRequest");
-        var client = HttpClient.newBuilder()
-                .sslContext(sslContext)
-                .proxy(NO_PROXY)
-                .build();
-        var request = HttpRequest.newBuilder(URI.create("https://localhost:" + PORT.get() + "/")).build();
-        try {
-            client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString());
-            throw new RuntimeException("Expected SSLException not thrown");
-        } catch (SSLException expected) {  // server closes connection when max request time is reached
-            expected.printStackTrace(System.out);
+    static void sendIncompleteRequest() throws IOException {
+        out.println("\n--- sendIncompleteRequest");
+        try (SocketChannel sc = SocketChannel.open(
+                new InetSocketAddress(LOOPBACK_ADDR, PORT.get()))) {
+            requestBuffer.clear();
+            // only send a part of the HTTP request
+            int numBytes = RND.nextInt(1, requestBuffer.limit());
+            System.out.println("Sending " + numBytes + " bytes");
+            requestBuffer.limit(numBytes);
+            while (requestBuffer.hasRemaining()) {
+                sc.write(requestBuffer);
+            }
+            ByteBuffer responseBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1);
+            int result = sc.read(responseBuffer);
+            assertEquals(-1, result);
         }
     }
 

From 68ca4e0f932506879a1d1c2eb3e30b172fac0ba9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Guanqiang Han <ghan@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 22 Jul 2026 06:52:47 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 307/707] 8387750: 'java -XshowSettings' alone should not be an
 error

Reviewed-by: kevinw, alanb
---
 src/java.base/share/man/java.md          |  6 ++++--
 src/java.base/share/native/libjli/java.c | 11 ++++++++++-
 test/jdk/tools/launcher/Settings.java    | 23 +++++++++++++++++++++--
 3 files changed, 35 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/man/java.md b/src/java.base/share/man/java.md
index ace74d015c7..a9b21936217 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/man/java.md
+++ b/src/java.base/share/man/java.md
@@ -920,10 +920,12 @@ the Java HotSpot Virtual Machine.
     :   Do not attempt to use shared class data.
 
 [`-XshowSettings`]{#-XshowSettings}
-:   Shows all settings and then continues.
+:   Shows all settings and continues. It exits normally if there is no Java
+    application to launch.
 
 [`-XshowSettings:`]{#-XshowSettings_}*category*
-:   Shows settings and continues. Possible *category* arguments for this option
+:   Shows settings and continues. It exits normally if there is no Java
+    application to launch. Possible *category* arguments for this option
     include the following:
 
     `all`
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/native/libjli/java.c b/src/java.base/share/native/libjli/java.c
index 4c3b503b08a..bf2d309e8e8 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/native/libjli/java.c
+++ b/src/java.base/share/native/libjli/java.c
@@ -549,6 +549,11 @@ JavaMain(void* _args)
         LEAVE();
     }
 
+    /* Exit normally after showing the settings if no application was specified. */
+    if (showSettings != NULL && what == NULL) {
+        LEAVE();
+    }
+
     FreeKnownVMs(); /* after last possible PrintUsage */
 
     if (JLI_IsTraceLauncher()) {
@@ -1351,7 +1356,11 @@ ParseArguments(int *pargc, char ***pargv,
 
     if (*pwhat == NULL) {
         /* LM_UNKNOWN okay for options that exit */
-        if (!listModules && !describeModule && !validateModules && !dumpSharedSpaces) {
+        if (!listModules &&
+            !describeModule &&
+            !validateModules &&
+            !dumpSharedSpaces &&
+            !showSettings) {
             *pret = 1;
             printUsageKind = HELP_CONCISE;
         }
diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/launcher/Settings.java b/test/jdk/tools/launcher/Settings.java
index 4df08edc7ed..18ae9b1113c 100644
--- a/test/jdk/tools/launcher/Settings.java
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/launcher/Settings.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2010, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2010, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 6994753 7123582 8305950 8281658 8310201 8311653 8343804 8351354 8366364
+ * @bug 6994753 7123582 8305950 8281658 8310201 8311653 8343804 8351354 8366364 8387750
  * @summary tests -XshowSettings options
  * @modules jdk.compiler
  *          jdk.zipfs
@@ -86,6 +86,7 @@ static void checkNotContains(TestResult tr, String str) {
     private static final String ENABLED_GROUPS_SETTINGS = "Enabled Named Groups:";
     private static final String ENABLED_SIG_SCHEMES_SETTINGS =
             "Enabled Signature Schemes:";
+    private static final String USAGE_HEADER = "Usage: java";
 
     /*
      * "all" should print verbose settings
@@ -174,25 +175,32 @@ static void runTestOptionDefault() throws IOException {
     static void runTestOptionAll() throws IOException {
         init();
         TestResult tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:all");
+        tr.checkPositive();
         containsAllOptions(tr);
+        checkNotContains(tr, USAGE_HEADER);
     }
 
     static void runTestOptionVM() throws IOException {
         TestResult tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:vm");
+        tr.checkPositive();
         checkContains(tr, VM_SETTINGS);
         checkNotContains(tr, PROP_SETTINGS);
         checkNotContains(tr, LOCALE_SETTINGS);
+        checkNotContains(tr, USAGE_HEADER);
     }
 
     static void runTestOptionProperty() throws IOException {
         TestResult tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:properties");
+        tr.checkPositive();
         checkNotContains(tr, VM_SETTINGS);
         checkContains(tr, PROP_SETTINGS);
         checkNotContains(tr, LOCALE_SETTINGS);
+        checkNotContains(tr, USAGE_HEADER);
     }
 
     static void runTestOptionLocale() throws IOException {
         TestResult tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:locale");
+        tr.checkPositive();
         checkNotContains(tr, VM_SETTINGS);
         checkNotContains(tr, PROP_SETTINGS);
         checkContains(tr, LOCALE_SETTINGS);
@@ -200,28 +208,34 @@ static void runTestOptionLocale() throws IOException {
         checkNotContains(tr, LOCALE_SUMMARY_SETTINGS);
         checkContains(tr, TIMEZONE_SETTINGS);
         checkContains(tr, TZDATA_SETTINGS);
+        checkNotContains(tr, USAGE_HEADER);
     }
 
     static void runTestOptionSecurity() throws IOException {
         TestResult tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:security");
+        tr.checkPositive();
         checkNotContains(tr, VM_SETTINGS);
         checkNotContains(tr, PROP_SETTINGS);
         checkContains(tr, SEC_PROPS_SETTINGS);
         checkContains(tr, SEC_PROVIDER_SETTINGS);
         checkContains(tr, SEC_TLS_SETTINGS);
+        checkNotContains(tr, USAGE_HEADER);
     }
 
     static void runTestOptionSecurityProps() throws IOException {
         TestResult tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:security:properties");
+        tr.checkPositive();
         checkContains(tr, SEC_PROPS_SETTINGS);
         checkNotContains(tr, SEC_PROVIDER_SETTINGS);
         checkNotContains(tr, SEC_TLS_SETTINGS);
         // test a well known property for sanity
         checkContains(tr, "keystore.type=pkcs12");
+        checkNotContains(tr, USAGE_HEADER);
     }
 
     static void runTestOptionSecurityProv() throws IOException {
         TestResult tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:security:providers");
+        tr.checkPositive();
         checkNotContains(tr, SEC_PROPS_SETTINGS);
         checkContains(tr, SEC_PROVIDER_SETTINGS);
         checkNotContains(tr, SEC_TLS_SETTINGS);
@@ -230,10 +244,12 @@ static void runTestOptionSecurityProv() throws IOException {
         // test for a well known alias (SunJCE: AlgorithmParameterGenerator.DiffieHellman)
         checkContains(tr, "aliases: [1.2.840.113549.1.3.1, " +
                 "DH, OID.1.2.840.113549.1.3.1]");
+        checkNotContains(tr, USAGE_HEADER);
     }
 
     static void runTestOptionSecurityTLS() throws IOException {
         TestResult tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:security:tls");
+        tr.checkPositive();
         checkNotContains(tr, SEC_PROPS_SETTINGS);
         checkNotContains(tr, SEC_PROVIDER_SETTINGS);
         checkContains(tr, SEC_TLS_SETTINGS);
@@ -241,6 +257,7 @@ static void runTestOptionSecurityTLS() throws IOException {
         checkContains(tr, "TLSv1.2");
         checkContains(tr, ENABLED_GROUPS_SETTINGS);
         checkContains(tr, ENABLED_SIG_SCHEMES_SETTINGS);
+        checkNotContains(tr, USAGE_HEADER);
     }
 
     // ensure error message is printed when unrecognized option used
@@ -255,6 +272,7 @@ static void runTestOptionBadSecurityOption() throws IOException {
     }
     static void runTestOptionSystem() throws IOException {
         TestResult tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:system");
+        tr.checkPositive();
         if (System.getProperty("os.name").contains("Linux")) {
             checkNotContains(tr, VM_SETTINGS);
             checkNotContains(tr, PROP_SETTINGS);
@@ -266,6 +284,7 @@ static void runTestOptionSystem() throws IOException {
             checkNotContains(tr, VM_SETTINGS);
             checkContains(tr, METRICS_NOT_AVAILABLE_MSG);
         }
+        checkNotContains(tr, USAGE_HEADER);
     }
 
     static void runTestBadOptions() throws IOException {

From 93d30d3256ec7b807cb4ec6e4910dca17e993317 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 22 Jul 2026 07:21:20 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 308/707] 8387876: Remove psapi lib

Reviewed-by: clanger, lucy, kevinw
---
 make/autoconf/libraries.m4           |  4 ++--
 make/modules/java.management/Lib.gmk |  4 ++--
 make/modules/jdk.attach/Lib.gmk      | 12 ++----------
 make/modules/jdk.management/Lib.gmk  | 10 +---------
 4 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)

diff --git a/make/autoconf/libraries.m4 b/make/autoconf/libraries.m4
index 5daacdc1ced..99851bfd376 100644
--- a/make/autoconf/libraries.m4
+++ b/make/autoconf/libraries.m4
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ AC_DEFUN_ONCE([LIB_SETUP_LIBRARIES],
   if test "x$OPENJDK_TARGET_OS" = xwindows; then
     BASIC_JVM_LIBS="$BASIC_JVM_LIBS kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib \
         comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib powrprof.lib uuid.lib \
-        ws2_32.lib winmm.lib version.lib psapi.lib"
+        ws2_32.lib winmm.lib version.lib"
   fi
   LIB_SETUP_JVM_LIBS(BUILD)
   LIB_SETUP_JVM_LIBS(TARGET)
diff --git a/make/modules/java.management/Lib.gmk b/make/modules/java.management/Lib.gmk
index 89c99266fcc..cdc70c773fc 100644
--- a/make/modules/java.management/Lib.gmk
+++ b/make/modules/java.management/Lib.gmk
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ $(eval $(call SetupJdkLibrary, BUILD_LIBMANAGEMENT, \
     OPTIMIZATION := HIGH, \
     JDK_LIBS := java.base:libjava java.base:libjvm, \
     LIBS_aix := -lperfstat, \
-    LIBS_windows := advapi32.lib psapi.lib, \
+    LIBS_windows := advapi32.lib, \
 ))
 
 TARGETS += $(BUILD_LIBMANAGEMENT)
diff --git a/make/modules/jdk.attach/Lib.gmk b/make/modules/jdk.attach/Lib.gmk
index 78437d761d2..92fb58d7317 100644
--- a/make/modules/jdk.attach/Lib.gmk
+++ b/make/modules/jdk.attach/Lib.gmk
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -31,20 +31,12 @@ include LibCommon.gmk
 ## Build libattach
 ################################################################################
 
-ifeq ($(call isTargetOs, windows), true)
-  # In (at least) VS2013 and later, -DPSAPI_VERSION=1 is needed to generate
-  # a binary that is compatible with windows versions older than 7/2008R2.
-  # See MSDN documentation for GetProcessMemoryInfo for more information.
-  LIBATTACH_CFLAGS := -DPSAPI_VERSION=1
-endif
-
 $(eval $(call SetupJdkLibrary, BUILD_LIBATTACH, \
     NAME := attach, \
     OPTIMIZATION := LOW, \
-    CFLAGS := $(LIBATTACH_CFLAGS), \
     CFLAGS_windows := -Gy, \
     JDK_LIBS := java.base:libjava, \
-    LIBS_windows := advapi32.lib psapi.lib, \
+    LIBS_windows := advapi32.lib, \
 ))
 
 TARGETS += $(BUILD_LIBATTACH)
diff --git a/make/modules/jdk.management/Lib.gmk b/make/modules/jdk.management/Lib.gmk
index f65348e9381..927c2c3529f 100644
--- a/make/modules/jdk.management/Lib.gmk
+++ b/make/modules/jdk.management/Lib.gmk
@@ -31,21 +31,13 @@ include LibCommon.gmk
 ## Build libmanagement_ext
 ################################################################################
 
-ifeq ($(call isTargetOs, windows), true)
-  # In (at least) VS2013 and later, -DPSAPI_VERSION=1 is needed to generate
-  # a binary that is compatible with windows versions older than 7/2008R2.
-  # See MSDN documentation for GetProcessMemoryInfo for more information.
-  LIBMANAGEMENT_EXT_CFLAGS := -DPSAPI_VERSION=1
-endif
-
 $(eval $(call SetupJdkLibrary, BUILD_LIBMANAGEMENT_EXT, \
     NAME := management_ext, \
     OPTIMIZATION := HIGH, \
     DISABLED_WARNINGS_clang_UnixOperatingSystem.c := format-nonliteral, \
-    CFLAGS := $(LIBMANAGEMENT_EXT_CFLAGS), \
     JDK_LIBS := java.base:libjava java.base:libjvm, \
     LIBS_aix := -lperfstat, \
-    LIBS_windows := advapi32.lib psapi.lib, \
+    LIBS_windows := advapi32.lib, \
 ))
 
 TARGETS += $(BUILD_LIBMANAGEMENT_EXT)

From a9d214171d6d2760279e083c6085a7b4027720cb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 22 Jul 2026 07:29:48 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 309/707] 8388487: Shenandoah: Robust stack watermark epoch
 wraparound

Reviewed-by: wkemper, xpeng
---
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStackWatermark.cpp   | 10 ++++++++--
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStackWatermark.hpp   |  6 ++++++
 2 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStackWatermark.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStackWatermark.cpp
index 8df2449f8b6..dac64629bce 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStackWatermark.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStackWatermark.cpp
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.hpp"
 #include "runtime/safepointVerifiers.hpp"
 
-uint32_t ShenandoahStackWatermark::_epoch_id = 1;
+uint32_t ShenandoahStackWatermark::_epoch_id = MIN_EPOCH_ID;
 
 ShenandoahOnStackNMethodClosure::ShenandoahOnStackNMethodClosure() :
     _bs_nm(BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_nmethod()) {}
@@ -55,6 +55,9 @@ uint32_t ShenandoahStackWatermark::epoch_id() const {
 void ShenandoahStackWatermark::change_epoch_id() {
   shenandoah_assert_safepoint();
   _epoch_id++;
+  if (_epoch_id > MAX_EPOCH_ID) {
+    _epoch_id = MIN_EPOCH_ID;
+  }
 }
 
 ShenandoahStackWatermark::ShenandoahStackWatermark(JavaThread* jt) :
@@ -63,7 +66,10 @@ ShenandoahStackWatermark::ShenandoahStackWatermark(JavaThread* jt) :
   _stats(),
   _keep_alive_cl(),
   _evac_update_oop_cl(),
-  _nm_cl() {}
+  _nm_cl() {
+  assert(StackWatermarkState::epoch(_state) == _epoch_id,
+    "Should be the same: %u != %u", StackWatermarkState::epoch(_state), _epoch_id);
+}
 
 OopClosure* ShenandoahStackWatermark::closure_from_context(void* context) {
   if (context != nullptr) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStackWatermark.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStackWatermark.hpp
index 7a7291abed2..78aba0b569e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStackWatermark.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahStackWatermark.hpp
@@ -49,6 +49,12 @@ class ShenandoahOnStackNMethodClosure : public NMethodClosure {
 
 class ShenandoahStackWatermark : public StackWatermark {
 private:
+  // Start epochs from 1 to catch uninitialized paths.
+  // Wrap the epoch around smaller range to avoid truncation
+  // in StackWatermark encoding and verify the wraparound in tests.
+  static constexpr uint32_t MIN_EPOCH_ID = 1;
+  static constexpr uint32_t MAX_EPOCH_ID = (1 << 10);
+
   static uint32_t                      _epoch_id;
   ShenandoahHeap* const                _heap;
   ThreadLocalAllocStats                _stats;

From a97d11063eb83c8065fe31769c558849c00e6d65 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jaikiran Pai <jpai@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 22 Jul 2026 07:39:58 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 310/707] 8388697: Typo "maxiumum" instead of "maximum" in
 jdk.httpserver's module-info.java

Reviewed-by: djelinski
---
 src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/module-info.java | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/module-info.java b/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/module-info.java
index 842a7ec1c9a..973fe3b8726 100644
--- a/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/module-info.java
+++ b/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/module-info.java
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@
  * cache. If not, then it will be closed.
  * </li>
  * <li><p><b>{@systemProperty sun.net.httpserver.maxReqHeaders}</b> (default: 200)<br>
- * The maxiumum number of header fields accepted in a request. If this limit is exceeded
+ * The maximum number of header fields accepted in a request. If this limit is exceeded
  * while the headers are being read, then the connection is terminated and the request ignored.
  * If the value is less than or equal to zero, then the default value is used.
  * </li>

From 0866799ca8f9540de5b2eee2720960160995a10f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jaikiran Pai <jpai@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 22 Jul 2026 07:40:13 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 311/707] 8388553: Proxy class generation fails when the
 jdk.proxy.ProxyGenerator.saveGeneratedFiles is set to true

Reviewed-by: liach, alanb
---
 .../classes/java/lang/reflect/ProxyGenerator.java  |  3 +--
 test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/Proxy/Basic1.java       | 14 ++++++--------
 2 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/ProxyGenerator.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/ProxyGenerator.java
index 0d90cedd5c5..9e645d5d9f6 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/ProxyGenerator.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/ProxyGenerator.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -222,7 +222,6 @@ static byte[] generateProxyClass(ClassLoader loader,
                     path = Path.of(name + ".class");
                 }
                 Files.write(path, classFile);
-                return null;
             } catch (IOException e) {
                 throw new InternalError("I/O exception saving generated file: " + e);
             }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/Proxy/Basic1.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/Proxy/Basic1.java
index b2440ccd9f9..dcbeca576d6 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/Proxy/Basic1.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/Proxy/Basic1.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -22,12 +22,13 @@
  */
 
 /* @test
- * @bug 4227192 4487672
- * @summary This is a basic functional test of the dynamic proxy API (part 1).
- * @author Peter Jones
+ * @bug 4227192 4487672 8388553
+ * @summary This is a basic functional test of the java.lang.reflect.Proxy API
  *
- * @build Basic1
  * @run main Basic1
+ * @comment Verify that the APIs behave as expected even when the JDK internal
+ *          debug system property "jdk.proxy.ProxyGenerator.saveGeneratedFiles" is set
+ * @run main/othervm -Djdk.proxy.ProxyGenerator.saveGeneratedFiles=true Basic1
  */
 
 import java.lang.reflect.*;
@@ -38,9 +39,6 @@ public class Basic1 {
 
     public static void main(String[] args) {
 
-        System.err.println(
-            "\nBasic functional test of dynamic proxy API, part 1\n");
-
         try {
             Class<?>[] interfaces =
                 new Class<?>[] { Runnable.class, Observer.class };

From 6f7fae1e379f66abb54b00b1d6dcf8f53fd6ada7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Guanqiang Han <ghan@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 22 Jul 2026 14:28:47 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 312/707] 8387415: Unneeded check for bmi2 support for
 VectorCmpMasked opcode

Reviewed-by: qamai, asmehra
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad | 5 +----
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
index 3f953dbe725..883fb0c6300 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
@@ -3179,10 +3179,7 @@ bool Matcher::match_rule_supported(int opcode) {
       break;
 
     case Op_VectorCmpMasked:
-      if (!UseCountTrailingZerosInstruction) {
-        return false;
-      }
-      if (UseAVX < 3 || !VM_Version::supports_bmi2()) {
+      if (UseAVX < 3 || !UseCountTrailingZerosInstruction) {
         return false;
       }
       break;

From 6e03781ae0d0df17f431f81bb041f34f5b933388 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alexander Zvegintsev <azvegint@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 22 Jul 2026 14:56:42 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 313/707] 8381565: FileDialogDropTargetTest.java fails:
 Unexpected exit from test [exit code: -1073740771]

Reviewed-by: kizune, prr
---
 .../sun/awt/windows/WFileDialogPeer.java      | 51 +++++++++++-
 .../native/libawt/windows/awt_FileDialog.cpp  |  9 +-
 .../awt/dnd/FileDialogDropTargetTest.java     | 82 +++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 136 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/java/awt/dnd/FileDialogDropTargetTest.java

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/windows/WFileDialogPeer.java b/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/windows/WFileDialogPeer.java
index 1db4bd7e5d1..a99569f9dc9 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/windows/WFileDialogPeer.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/classes/sun/awt/windows/WFileDialogPeer.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -44,6 +44,15 @@ final class WFileDialogPeer extends WWindowPeer implements FileDialogPeer {
     private WComponentPeer parent;
     private FilenameFilter fileFilter;
 
+    /*
+     * The file dialog runs a nested message loop while it is open.
+     * Allow only one native file dialog at a time to prevent reentrant
+     * GetOpenFileName/GetSaveFileName.
+     */
+    private static final Object showLock = new Object();
+    private volatile boolean isShowRequested;
+    private volatile boolean isShowFinished;
+
     private Vector<WWindowPeer> blockedWindows = new Vector<>();
 
     //Needed to fix 4152317
@@ -86,20 +95,51 @@ void initialize() {
     private native void _dispose();
     @Override
     protected void disposeImpl() {
+        isShowRequested = false;
         WToolkit.targetDisposedPeer(target, this);
         _dispose();
     }
 
-    private native void _show();
+    private native boolean _show();
     private native void _hide();
 
     @Override
     public void show() {
-        new Thread(null, this::_show, "FileDialog", 0, false).start();
+        synchronized (this) {
+            isShowRequested = true;
+            isShowFinished = false;
+        }
+        new Thread(null, this::showFileDialog, "FileDialog", 0, false).start();
+    }
+
+    private void showFileDialog() {
+        synchronized (showLock) {
+            if (!isShowRequested || isDisposed()) {
+                return;
+            }
+            if (_show()) {
+                waitForShowFinished();
+            }
+            isShowRequested = false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void waitForShowFinished() {
+        while (!isShowFinished) {
+            try {
+                wait();
+            } catch (InterruptedException ignored) {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void showFinished() {
+        isShowFinished = true;
+        notifyAll();
     }
 
     @Override
     void hide() {
+        isShowRequested = false;
         _hide();
     }
 
@@ -116,6 +156,9 @@ void setHWnd(long hwnd) {
                 window.modalEnable((Dialog)target);
             }
         }
+        if (hwnd != 0 && !isShowRequested) {
+            WToolkit.executeOnEventHandlerThread(target, this::_hide);
+        }
     }
 
     /*
@@ -174,6 +217,7 @@ public void run() {
                  fileDialog.setVisible(false);
              }
         });
+        showFinished();
     } // handleSelected()
 
     // NOTE: This method is called by privileged threads.
@@ -191,6 +235,7 @@ public void run() {
                  fileDialog.setVisible(false);
              }
         });
+        showFinished();
     } // handleCancel()
 
     //This whole static block is a part of 4152317 fix
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_FileDialog.cpp b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_FileDialog.cpp
index e8128372ceb..520097e07fb 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_FileDialog.cpp
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_FileDialog.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -560,7 +560,7 @@ Java_sun_awt_windows_WFileDialogPeer_setFilterString(JNIEnv *env, jclass cls,
     CATCH_BAD_ALLOC;
 }
 
-JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
 Java_sun_awt_windows_WFileDialogPeer__1show(JNIEnv *env, jobject peer)
 {
     TRY;
@@ -574,9 +574,12 @@ Java_sun_awt_windows_WFileDialogPeer__1show(JNIEnv *env, jobject peer)
     if (!AwtToolkit::GetInstance().PostMessage(WM_AWT_INVOKE_METHOD,
                              (WPARAM)AwtFileDialog::Show, (LPARAM)peerGlobal)) {
         env->DeleteGlobalRef(peerGlobal);
+        return false;
     }
 
-    CATCH_BAD_ALLOC;
+    return true;
+
+    CATCH_BAD_ALLOC_RET(false);
 }
 
 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/awt/dnd/FileDialogDropTargetTest.java b/test/jdk/java/awt/dnd/FileDialogDropTargetTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c292639479d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/awt/dnd/FileDialogDropTargetTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 4411368 8381565
+ * @key headful
+ * @summary tests the app doesn't crash when a drop target registered
+ *           on a file dialog is unregistered
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=120 -Dsun.awt.disableGtkFileDialogs=true FileDialogDropTargetTest
+ */
+
+import java.awt.EventQueue;
+import java.awt.FileDialog;
+import java.awt.Frame;
+import java.awt.Robot;
+import java.awt.dnd.DropTarget;
+import java.awt.dnd.DropTargetAdapter;
+import java.awt.dnd.DropTargetDropEvent;
+
+public class FileDialogDropTargetTest {
+    private static Robot robot;
+    private static Frame frame;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        robot = new Robot();
+        frame = new Frame();
+
+        try {
+            test(10);
+            test(100);
+        } finally {
+            EventQueue.invokeAndWait(frame::dispose);
+        }
+
+        System.out.println("Test passed");
+    }
+
+    private static void test(int delay) {
+        System.out.printf("\nTesting FileDialogDropTarget with %d ms delay\n", delay);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+            final FileDialog fileDialog = new FileDialog(frame);
+
+            fileDialog.setDropTarget(new DropTarget(fileDialog,
+                    new DropTargetAdapter() {
+                        public void drop(DropTargetDropEvent dtde) {
+                        }
+                    }));
+            fileDialog.pack();
+
+            new Thread(() -> {
+                robot.delay(delay);
+                fileDialog.dispose();
+            }).start();
+
+            fileDialog.setVisible(true);
+        }
+
+        robot.waitForIdle();
+        robot.delay(1000);
+    }
+}

From cd7645cf921194270aecf33ee1fab1de504d95b3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: William Kemper <wkemper@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 22 Jul 2026 16:04:01 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 314/707] 8388449: GenShen: Degenerated cycle could be skipped

Reviewed-by: kdnilsen, shade
---
 .../shenandoahGenerationalControlThread.cpp        | 13 +++++++------
 src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp | 14 ++++++++++++--
 2 files changed, 19 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalControlThread.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalControlThread.cpp
index ac1feacd74d..c01d82acbe2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalControlThread.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalControlThread.cpp
@@ -580,20 +580,21 @@ bool ShenandoahGenerationalControlThread::check_cancellation_or_degen(Shenandoah
     return false;
   }
 
-  if (_heap->cancelled_cause() == GCCause::_shenandoah_stop_vm
-    || _heap->cancelled_cause() == GCCause::_shenandoah_concurrent_gc) {
-    log_debug(gc, thread)("Cancellation detected, reason: %s", GCCause::to_string(_heap->cancelled_cause()));
+  const GCCause::Cause cancelled_cause = _heap->cancelled_cause();
+  if (cancelled_cause == GCCause::_shenandoah_stop_vm
+      || cancelled_cause == GCCause::_shenandoah_concurrent_gc) {
+    log_debug(gc, thread)("Cancellation detected, reason: %s", GCCause::to_string(cancelled_cause));
     return true;
   }
 
-  if (ShenandoahCollectorPolicy::is_allocation_failure(_heap->cancelled_cause())) {
+  if (ShenandoahCollectorPolicy::is_allocation_failure(cancelled_cause)) {
     assert(_degen_point == ShenandoahGC::_degenerated_unset,
            "Should not be set yet: %s", ShenandoahGC::degen_point_to_string(_degen_point));
     MonitorLocker ml(&_control_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
-    _requested_gc_cause = _heap->cancelled_cause();
+    _requested_gc_cause = cancelled_cause;
     _degen_point = point;
     log_debug(gc, thread)("Cancellation detected:, reason: %s, degen point: %s",
-                          GCCause::to_string(_heap->cancelled_cause()),
+                          GCCause::to_string(cancelled_cause),
                           ShenandoahGC::degen_point_to_string(_degen_point));
     return true;
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp
index 7731ad911c5..84add03f1ba 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp
@@ -2244,8 +2244,18 @@ size_t ShenandoahHeap::tlab_used() const {
 }
 
 bool ShenandoahHeap::try_cancel_gc(GCCause::Cause cause) {
-  const GCCause::Cause prev = _cancelled_gc.xchg(cause);
-  return prev == GCCause::_no_gc || prev == GCCause::_shenandoah_concurrent_gc;
+  while (true) {
+    const GCCause::Cause prev = _cancelled_gc.get();
+    if (prev != GCCause::_no_gc && prev != GCCause::_shenandoah_concurrent_gc && cause != GCCause::_shenandoah_stop_vm) {
+      // Only when the gc has not been cancelled, or it has been cancelled to interrupt an old marking cycle
+      // do we allow the new cancellation request to happen. We make an exception for stopping the VM.
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    if (_cancelled_gc.cmpxchg(cause, prev) == prev) {
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 void ShenandoahHeap::cancel_concurrent_mark() {

From 51b7e5cd253618919c38d994145caff506d1ea4b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Naoto Sato <naoto@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 22 Jul 2026 16:25:39 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 315/707] 8133167: String.toLowerCase() for sigma does not use
 Final_Sigma condition

Reviewed-by: jlu
---
 make/ToolsJdk.gmk                             |   5 +-
 .../GenerateSpecialCasing.java                | 100 ++++++++
 .../java.base/gensrc/GensrcCharacterData.gmk  |  45 +++-
 ...=> ConditionalSpecialCasing.java.template} | 220 +++++-----------
 test/jdk/java/lang/String/ToLowerCase.java    | 234 +++++++++++-------
 test/jdk/java/lang/String/ToUpperCase.java    | 162 ++++++------
 6 files changed, 434 insertions(+), 332 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 make/jdk/src/classes/build/tools/generatespecialcasing/GenerateSpecialCasing.java
 rename src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/{ConditionalSpecialCasing.java => ConditionalSpecialCasing.java.template} (53%)

diff --git a/make/ToolsJdk.gmk b/make/ToolsJdk.gmk
index b04d7820c91..54d590799fd 100644
--- a/make/ToolsJdk.gmk
+++ b/make/ToolsJdk.gmk
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -81,6 +81,9 @@ TOOL_GENERATEEXTRAPROPERTIES = $(JAVA_SMALL) -cp $(BUILDTOOLS_OUTPUTDIR)/jdk_too
 TOOL_GENERATECASEFOLDING = $(JAVA_SMALL) -cp $(BUILDTOOLS_OUTPUTDIR)/jdk_tools_classes \
     build.tools.generatecharacter.GenerateCaseFolding
 
+TOOL_GENERATESPECIALCASING = $(JAVA_SMALL) -cp $(BUILDTOOLS_OUTPUTDIR)/jdk_tools_classes \
+    build.tools.generatespecialcasing.GenerateSpecialCasing
+
 TOOL_MAKEZIPREPRODUCIBLE = $(JAVA_SMALL) -cp $(BUILDTOOLS_OUTPUTDIR)/jdk_tools_classes \
     build.tools.makezipreproducible.MakeZipReproducible
 
diff --git a/make/jdk/src/classes/build/tools/generatespecialcasing/GenerateSpecialCasing.java b/make/jdk/src/classes/build/tools/generatespecialcasing/GenerateSpecialCasing.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fccc6264092
--- /dev/null
+++ b/make/jdk/src/classes/build/tools/generatespecialcasing/GenerateSpecialCasing.java
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package build.tools.generatespecialcasing;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.function.Predicate;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+/**
+ * Parses UCD's "SpecialCasing.txt" file and extract selected special case
+ * mappings, then reformats each entry into `Entry` instances in
+ * `java.lang.ConditionalSpecialCasing` class.
+ *
+ * Arguments to this utility:
+ *    args[0]: Full path to the "ConditionalSpecialCasing" template file
+ *    args[1]: Full path to the "SpecialCasing.txt" UCD file
+ *    args[2]: Full path to the generated output file
+ */
+public class GenerateSpecialCasing {
+    // Represents a code point with selected special casing.
+    private record Entry(String codePoint, List<String> lowerCase,
+                         List<String> upperCase, String language,
+                         String condition) {};
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
+        var templateFile = Paths.get(args[0]);
+        var specialCasingFile = Paths.get(args[1]);
+        var gensrcFile = Paths.get(args[2]);
+
+        List<Entry> entries = Files.lines(specialCasingFile)
+            .filter(Predicate.not(l -> l.startsWith("#") || l.isBlank()))
+            .map(l -> l.replaceFirst("#.*$", "").split(";"))
+            // "U+0130" (LATIN_CAPITAL_LETTER_I_WITH_DOT_ABOVE)
+            // is needed even if it is non-conditional
+            .filter(l -> !l[4].isBlank() || l[0].equals("0130"))
+            .map(l -> new Entry(l[0],
+                Arrays.asList(l[1].trim().split(" ")),
+                Arrays.asList(l[3].trim().split(" ")),
+                l[4].replaceFirst("[A-Z].*$", "").trim(),
+                l[4].replaceFirst("^[ a-z]*", "").toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT).trim()))
+            .toList();
+
+        // Generate output file
+        Files.write(gensrcFile,
+            Files.lines(templateFile)
+                .flatMap(l -> {
+                    if (l.trim().equals("%%%SpecialCasing%%%")) {
+                        return entries.stream().map(GenerateSpecialCasing::entryToString);
+                    } else {
+                        return Stream.of(l);
+                    }
+                })
+                .collect(Collectors.toList()),
+            StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING);
+    }
+
+    static String entryToString(Entry e) {
+        var codePoint = e.codePoint();
+        if (codePoint == null || codePoint.isBlank()) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Corrupt entry: " + e);
+        }
+
+        return "        new Entry(%s, new char[]{%s}, new char[]{%s}, %s, %s),"
+           .formatted(
+               "0x" + codePoint,
+               e.lowerCase().stream().map(cp -> cp.isEmpty() ? "" : "0x"+cp).collect(Collectors.joining(",")),
+               e.upperCase().stream().map(cp -> cp.isEmpty() ? "" : "0x"+cp).collect(Collectors.joining(",")),
+               "\"" + e.language() + "\"",
+               e.condition().isEmpty() ? "NONE" : e.condition());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/make/modules/java.base/gensrc/GensrcCharacterData.gmk b/make/modules/java.base/gensrc/GensrcCharacterData.gmk
index d7947d907e2..c15acd9fa2a 100644
--- a/make/modules/java.base/gensrc/GensrcCharacterData.gmk
+++ b/make/modules/java.base/gensrc/GensrcCharacterData.gmk
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -34,6 +34,9 @@ GENSRC_CHARACTERDATA :=
 
 CHARACTERDATA_TEMPLATES = $(MODULE_SRC)/share/classes/java/lang
 UNICODEDATA = $(MODULE_SRC)/share/data/unicodedata
+SPECIALCASING = $(UNICODEDATA)/SpecialCasing.txt
+DERIVEDCOREPROPS = $(UNICODEDATA)/DerivedCoreProperties.txt
+PROPLIST = $(UNICODEDATA)/PropList.txt
 
 ifneq ($(DEBUG_LEVEL), release)
   ifeq ($(ALLOW_ABSOLUTE_PATHS_IN_OUTPUT), true)
@@ -49,9 +52,9 @@ define SetupCharacterData
 	$(TOOL_GENERATECHARACTER) $2 $(DEBUG_OPTION) \
 	    -template $(CHARACTERDATA_TEMPLATES)/$1.java.template \
 	    -spec $(UNICODEDATA)/UnicodeData.txt \
-	    -specialcasing $(UNICODEDATA)/SpecialCasing.txt \
-	    -proplist $(UNICODEDATA)/PropList.txt \
-	    -derivedprops $(UNICODEDATA)/DerivedCoreProperties.txt \
+	    -specialcasing $(SPECIALCASING) \
+	    -proplist $(PROPLIST) \
+	    -derivedprops $(DERIVEDCOREPROPS) \
 	    -emojidata $(UNICODEDATA)/emoji/emoji-data.txt \
 	    -o $(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/gensrc/java.base/java/lang/$1.java \
 	    -usecharforbyte $3
@@ -88,6 +91,40 @@ $(GENSRC_STRINGCASEFOLDING): $(BUILD_TOOLS_JDK) $(STRINGCASEFOLDING_TEMPLATE) $(
 
 TARGETS += $(GENSRC_STRINGCASEFOLDING)
 
+################################################################################
+# Rule to create $(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/gensrc/java.base/java/lang/ConditionalSpecialCasing.java
+################################################################################
+
+GENSRC_CONDITIONALSPECIALCASING := $(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/gensrc/java.base/java/lang/ConditionalSpecialCasing.java
+GENSRC_CONDITIONALSPECIALCASING_SPECIALCASING_TMP := $(GENSRC_CONDITIONALSPECIALCASING).specialcasing.tmp
+GENSRC_CONDITIONALSPECIALCASING_PROPS_TMP := $(GENSRC_CONDITIONALSPECIALCASING).props.tmp
+
+CONDITIONALSPECIALCASINGTEMP := $(MODULE_SRC)/share/classes/java/lang/ConditionalSpecialCasing.java.template
+FINALSIGMAPARAMS := Cased Case_Ignorable
+SOFTDOTTEDPARAMS := Soft_Dotted
+
+$(GENSRC_CONDITIONALSPECIALCASING): $(BUILD_TOOLS_JDK) $(CONDITIONALSPECIALCASINGTEMP) \
+        $(SPECIALCASING) $(DERIVEDCOREPROPS) $(PROPLIST)
+	$(call LogInfo, Generating $@)
+	$(call MakeTargetDir)
+	$(TOOL_GENERATESPECIALCASING) \
+	    $(CONDITIONALSPECIALCASINGTEMP) \
+	    $(SPECIALCASING) \
+	    $(GENSRC_CONDITIONALSPECIALCASING_SPECIALCASING_TMP)
+	$(TOOL_GENERATEEXTRAPROPERTIES) \
+	    $(GENSRC_CONDITIONALSPECIALCASING_SPECIALCASING_TMP) \
+	    $(DERIVEDCOREPROPS) \
+	    $(GENSRC_CONDITIONALSPECIALCASING_PROPS_TMP) \
+	    $(FINALSIGMAPARAMS)
+	$(TOOL_GENERATEEXTRAPROPERTIES) \
+	    $(GENSRC_CONDITIONALSPECIALCASING_PROPS_TMP) \
+	    $(PROPLIST) \
+	    $(GENSRC_CONDITIONALSPECIALCASING) \
+	    $(SOFTDOTTEDPARAMS)
+	$(RM) $(GENSRC_CONDITIONALSPECIALCASING_SPECIALCASING_TMP)
+	$(RM) $(GENSRC_CONDITIONALSPECIALCASING_PROPS_TMP)
+
+TARGETS += $(GENSRC_CONDITIONALSPECIALCASING)
 
 endif # include guard
 include MakeIncludeEnd.gmk
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ConditionalSpecialCasing.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ConditionalSpecialCasing.java.template
similarity index 53%
rename from src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ConditionalSpecialCasing.java
rename to src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ConditionalSpecialCasing.java.template
index 17ec3601ec6..e169a43a6b8 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ConditionalSpecialCasing.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ConditionalSpecialCasing.java.template
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@
 
 package java.lang;
 
-import java.text.BreakIterator;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.Iterator;
@@ -47,7 +46,8 @@
 final class ConditionalSpecialCasing {
 
     // context conditions.
-    static final int FINAL_CASED =              1;
+    static final int NONE =                     0;
+    static final int FINAL_SIGMA =              1;
     static final int AFTER_SOFT_DOTTED =        2;
     static final int MORE_ABOVE =               3;
     static final int AFTER_I =                  4;
@@ -58,34 +58,7 @@ final class ConditionalSpecialCasing {
 
     // Special case mapping entries
     static Entry[] entry = {
-        //# ================================================================================
-        //# Conditional mappings
-        //# ================================================================================
-        new Entry(0x03A3, new char[]{0x03C2}, new char[]{0x03A3}, null, FINAL_CASED), // # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER SIGMA
-        new Entry(0x0130, new char[]{0x0069, 0x0307}, new char[]{0x0130}, null, 0), // # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH DOT ABOVE
-
-        //# ================================================================================
-        //# Locale-sensitive mappings
-        //# ================================================================================
-        //# Lithuanian
-        new Entry(0x0307, new char[]{0x0307}, new char[]{}, "lt",  AFTER_SOFT_DOTTED), // # COMBINING DOT ABOVE
-        new Entry(0x0049, new char[]{0x0069, 0x0307}, new char[]{0x0049}, "lt", MORE_ABOVE), // # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I
-        new Entry(0x004A, new char[]{0x006A, 0x0307}, new char[]{0x004A}, "lt", MORE_ABOVE), // # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J
-        new Entry(0x012E, new char[]{0x012F, 0x0307}, new char[]{0x012E}, "lt", MORE_ABOVE), // # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH OGONEK
-        new Entry(0x00CC, new char[]{0x0069, 0x0307, 0x0300}, new char[]{0x00CC}, "lt", 0), // # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH GRAVE
-        new Entry(0x00CD, new char[]{0x0069, 0x0307, 0x0301}, new char[]{0x00CD}, "lt", 0), // # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH ACUTE
-        new Entry(0x0128, new char[]{0x0069, 0x0307, 0x0303}, new char[]{0x0128}, "lt", 0), // # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH TILDE
-
-        //# ================================================================================
-        //# Turkish and Azeri
-        new Entry(0x0130, new char[]{0x0069}, new char[]{0x0130}, "tr", 0), // # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH DOT ABOVE
-        new Entry(0x0130, new char[]{0x0069}, new char[]{0x0130}, "az", 0), // # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH DOT ABOVE
-        new Entry(0x0307, new char[]{}, new char[]{0x0307}, "tr", AFTER_I), // # COMBINING DOT ABOVE
-        new Entry(0x0307, new char[]{}, new char[]{0x0307}, "az", AFTER_I), // # COMBINING DOT ABOVE
-        new Entry(0x0049, new char[]{0x0131}, new char[]{0x0049}, "tr", NOT_BEFORE_DOT), // # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I
-        new Entry(0x0049, new char[]{0x0131}, new char[]{0x0049}, "az", NOT_BEFORE_DOT), // # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I
-        new Entry(0x0069, new char[]{0x0069}, new char[]{0x0130}, "tr", 0), // # LATIN SMALL LETTER I
-        new Entry(0x0069, new char[]{0x0069}, new char[]{0x0130}, "az", 0)  // # LATIN SMALL LETTER I
+%%%SpecialCasing%%%
     };
 
     // A hash table that contains the above entries
@@ -93,7 +66,7 @@ final class ConditionalSpecialCasing {
     static {
         // create hashtable from the entry
         for (Entry cur : entry) {
-            Integer cp = cur.getCodePoint();
+            Integer cp = cur.codePoint();
             HashSet<Entry> set = entryTable.get(cp);
             if (set == null) {
                 set = new HashSet<>();
@@ -155,11 +128,11 @@ private static char[] lookUpTable(String src, int index, Locale locale, boolean
             String currentLang = locale.getLanguage();
             while (iter.hasNext()) {
                 Entry entry = iter.next();
-                String conditionLang = entry.getLanguage();
-                if (((conditionLang == null) || (conditionLang.equals(currentLang))) &&
-                        isConditionMet(src, index, locale, entry.getCondition())) {
-                    ret = bLowerCasing ? entry.getLowerCase() : entry.getUpperCase();
-                    if (conditionLang != null) {
+                String conditionLang = entry.language();
+                if ((conditionLang.isEmpty() || (conditionLang.equals(currentLang))) &&
+                        isConditionMet(src, index, entry.condition())) {
+                    ret = bLowerCasing ? entry.lowerCase() : entry.upperCase();
+                    if (!conditionLang.isEmpty()) {
                         break;
                     }
                 }
@@ -169,52 +142,53 @@ private static char[] lookUpTable(String src, int index, Locale locale, boolean
         return ret;
     }
 
-    private static boolean isConditionMet(String src, int index, Locale locale, int condition) {
+    private static boolean isConditionMet(String src, int index, int condition) {
         return switch (condition) {
-            case FINAL_CASED       -> isFinalCased(src, index, locale);
+            case NONE              -> true;
+            case FINAL_SIGMA       -> isFinalSigma(src, index);
             case AFTER_SOFT_DOTTED -> isAfterSoftDotted(src, index);
             case MORE_ABOVE        -> isMoreAbove(src, index);
             case AFTER_I           -> isAfterI(src, index);
             case NOT_BEFORE_DOT    -> !isBeforeDot(src, index);
-            default -> true;
+            default -> throw new InternalError("Special casing condition is not recognized.");
         };
     }
 
     /**
-     * Implements the "Final_Cased" condition
+     * Implements the "Final_Sigma" condition
      *
-     * Specification: Within the closest word boundaries containing C, there is a cased
-     * letter before C, and there is no cased letter after C.
+     * Specification: C is preceded by a sequence consisting of a cased letter
+     * and then zero or more case-ignorable characters, and C is not followed
+     * by a sequence consisting of zero or more case-ignorable characters and
+     * then a cased letter.
      *
      * Regular Expression:
-     *   Before C: [{cased==true}][{wordBoundary!=true}]*
-     *   After C: !([{wordBoundary!=true}]*[{cased}])
+     *   Before C: \p{cased} (\p{Case_Ignorable})*
+     *   After C: !((\p{Case_Ignorable})* \p{cased})
      */
-    private static boolean isFinalCased(String src, int index, Locale locale) {
-        BreakIterator wordBoundary = BreakIterator.getWordInstance(locale);
-        wordBoundary.setText(src);
-        int ch;
-
-        // Look for a preceding 'cased' letter
-        for (int i = index; (i >= 0) && !wordBoundary.isBoundary(i);
-                i -= Character.charCount(ch)) {
-
-            ch = src.codePointBefore(i);
-            if (isCased(ch)) {
+    private static boolean isFinalSigma(String src, int index) {
+        int cp;
 
+        // Look for a preceding 'cased' letter before 'case-ignorable's
+        for (int i = index; i > 0; i -= Character.charCount(cp)) {
+            cp = src.codePointBefore(i);
+            if (isCased(cp)) {
                 int len = src.length();
-                // Check that there is no 'cased' letter after the index
+                // Check that there are no 'case-ignorable'*'cased' letters after the index
                 for (i = index + Character.charCount(src.codePointAt(index));
-                        (i < len) && !wordBoundary.isBoundary(i);
-                        i += Character.charCount(ch)) {
-
-                    ch = src.codePointAt(i);
-                    if (isCased(ch)) {
+                        i < len;
+                        i += Character.charCount(cp)) {
+                    cp = src.codePointAt(i);
+                    if (isCased(cp)) {
                         return false;
+                    } else if (!isCaseIgnorable(cp)) {
+                        break;
                     }
                 }
 
                 return true;
+            } else if (!isCaseIgnorable(cp)) {
+                return false;
             }
         }
 
@@ -353,108 +327,40 @@ private static boolean isBeforeDot(String src, int index) {
     /**
      * Examines whether a character is 'cased'.
      *
-     * A character C is defined to be 'cased' if and only if at least one of
-     * following are true for C: uppercase==true, or lowercase==true, or
-     * general_category==titlecase_letter.
-     *
-     * The uppercase and lowercase property values are specified in the data
+     * The 'cased' property values are specified in the data
      * file DerivedCoreProperties.txt in the Unicode Character Database.
      */
-    private static boolean isCased(int ch) {
-        int type = Character.getType(ch);
-        if (type == Character.LOWERCASE_LETTER ||
-                type == Character.UPPERCASE_LETTER ||
-                type == Character.TITLECASE_LETTER) {
-            return true;
-        } else {
-            // Check for Other_Lowercase and Other_Uppercase
-            //
-            if ((ch >= 0x02B0) && (ch <= 0x02B8)) {
-                // MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H..MODIFIER LETTER SMALL Y
-                return true;
-            } else if ((ch >= 0x02C0) && (ch <= 0x02C1)) {
-                // MODIFIER LETTER GLOTTAL STOP..MODIFIER LETTER REVERSED GLOTTAL STOP
-                return true;
-            } else if ((ch >= 0x02E0) && (ch <= 0x02E4)) {
-                // MODIFIER LETTER SMALL GAMMA..MODIFIER LETTER SMALL REVERSED GLOTTAL STOP
-                return true;
-            } else if (ch == 0x0345) {
-                // COMBINING GREEK YPOGEGRAMMENI
-                return true;
-            } else if (ch == 0x037A) {
-                // GREEK YPOGEGRAMMENI
-                return true;
-            } else if ((ch >= 0x1D2C) && (ch <= 0x1D61)) {
-                // MODIFIER LETTER CAPITAL A..MODIFIER LETTER SMALL CHI
-                return true;
-            } else if ((ch >= 0x2160) && (ch <= 0x217F)) {
-                // ROMAN NUMERAL ONE..ROMAN NUMERAL ONE THOUSAND
-                // SMALL ROMAN NUMERAL ONE..SMALL ROMAN NUMERAL ONE THOUSAND
-                return true;
-            } else if ((ch >= 0x24B6) && (ch <= 0x24E9)) {
-                // CIRCLED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A..CIRCLED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z
-                // CIRCLED LATIN SMALL LETTER A..CIRCLED LATIN SMALL LETTER Z
-                return true;
-            } else {
-                return false;
-            }
-        }
+    private static boolean isCased(int cp) {
+        return
+%%%Cased%%%
     }
 
-    private static boolean isSoftDotted(int ch) {
-        switch (ch) {
-        case 0x0069: // Soft_Dotted # L&       LATIN SMALL LETTER I
-        case 0x006A: // Soft_Dotted # L&       LATIN SMALL LETTER J
-        case 0x012F: // Soft_Dotted # L&       LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH OGONEK
-        case 0x0268: // Soft_Dotted # L&       LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH STROKE
-        case 0x0456: // Soft_Dotted # L&       CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER BYELORUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN I
-        case 0x0458: // Soft_Dotted # L&       CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER JE
-        case 0x1D62: // Soft_Dotted # L&       LATIN SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER I
-        case 0x1E2D: // Soft_Dotted # L&       LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH TILDE BELOW
-        case 0x1ECB: // Soft_Dotted # L&       LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH DOT BELOW
-        case 0x2071: // Soft_Dotted # L&       SUPERSCRIPT LATIN SMALL LETTER I
-            return true;
-        default:
-            return false;
-        }
+    /**
+     * Examines whether a character is 'Case_Ignorable'.
+     *
+     * The 'Case_Ignorable' property values are specified in the data
+     * file DerivedCoreProperties.txt in the Unicode Character Database.
+     */
+    private static boolean isCaseIgnorable(int cp) {
+        return
+%%%Case_Ignorable%%%
     }
 
     /**
-     * An internal class that represents an entry in the Special Casing Properties.
+     * Examines whether a character is 'Soft_Dotted'.
+     *
+     * The 'Soft_Dotted' property values are specified in the data
+     * file PropList.txt in the Unicode Character Database.
      */
-    static class Entry {
-        int ch;
-        char [] lower;
-        char [] upper;
-        String lang;
-        int condition;
-
-        Entry(int ch, char[] lower, char[] upper, String lang, int condition) {
-            this.ch = ch;
-            this.lower = lower;
-            this.upper = upper;
-            this.lang = lang;
-            this.condition = condition;
-        }
-
-        int getCodePoint() {
-            return ch;
-        }
-
-        char[] getLowerCase() {
-            return lower;
-        }
-
-        char[] getUpperCase() {
-            return upper;
-        }
-
-        String getLanguage() {
-            return lang;
-        }
-
-        int getCondition() {
-            return condition;
-        }
+    private static boolean isSoftDotted(int cp) {
+        return
+%%%Soft_Dotted%%%
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Represents a code point with conditional special casing.
+     * If `language` is empty, the casing rule applies across all languages.
+     */
+    private record Entry(int codePoint, char [] lowerCase, char [] upperCase,
+        String language, int condition) {};
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/String/ToLowerCase.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/String/ToLowerCase.java
index 003cc882b9c..da2c2bbc4b2 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/String/ToLowerCase.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/String/ToLowerCase.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,95 +23,136 @@
 
 /*
     @test
-    @bug 4217441 4533872 4900935 8020037 8032012 8041791 8042589 8054307
+    @bug 4217441 4533872 4900935 8020037 8032012 8041791 8042589 8054307 8133167
     @summary toLowerCase should lower-case Greek Sigma correctly depending
              on the context (final/non-final).  Also it should handle
              Locale specific (lt, tr, and az) lowercasings and supplementary
              characters correctly.
+    @run junit ToLowerCase
 */
 
 import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 
 public class ToLowerCase {
+    private static final Locale TURKISH = Locale.of("tr");
+    private static final Locale LITHUANIAN = Locale.of("lt");
+    private static final Locale AZERI = Locale.of("az");
+    private static final Locale GREEK = Locale.of("el");
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource
+    void testSimpleCases(String source, Locale locale, String expected) {
+        test(source, locale, expected);
+    }
 
-    public static void main(String[] args) {
-        Locale turkish = Locale.of("tr", "TR");
-        Locale lt = Locale.of("lt"); // Lithanian
-        Locale az = Locale.of("az"); // Azeri
-
-        // Greek Sigma final/non-final tests
-        test("\u03A3", Locale.US, "\u03C3");
-        test("LAST\u03A3", Locale.US, "last\u03C2");
-        test("MID\u03A3DLE", Locale.US, "mid\u03C3dle");
-        test("WORD1 \u03A3 WORD3", Locale.US, "word1 \u03C3 word3");
-        test("WORD1 LAST\u03A3 WORD3", Locale.US, "word1 last\u03C2 word3");
-        test("WORD1 MID\u03A3DLE WORD3", Locale.US, "word1 mid\u03C3dle word3");
-        test("\u0399\u0395\u03a3\u03a5\u03a3 \u03a7\u03a1\u0399\u03a3\u03a4\u039f\u03a3", Locale.US,
-             "\u03b9\u03b5\u03c3\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2"); // "IESUS XRISTOS"
-
-        // Explicit dot above for I's and J's whenever there are more accents above (Lithanian)
-        test("I", lt, "i");
-        test("I\u0300", lt, "i\u0307\u0300"); // "I" followed by COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT (cc==230)
-        test("I\u0316", lt, "i\u0316"); // "I" followed by COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT BELOW (cc!=230)
-        test("J", lt, "j");
-        test("J\u0300", lt, "j\u0307\u0300"); // "J" followed by COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT (cc==230)
-        test("J\u0316", lt, "j\u0316"); // "J" followed by COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT BELOW (cc!=230)
-        test("\u012E", lt, "\u012F");
-        test("\u012E\u0300", lt, "\u012F\u0307\u0300"); // "I (w/ OGONEK)" followed by COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT (cc==230)
-        test("\u012E\u0316", lt, "\u012F\u0316"); // "I (w/ OGONEK)" followed by COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT BELOW (cc!=230)
-        test("\u00CC", lt, "i\u0307\u0300");
-        test("\u00CD", lt, "i\u0307\u0301");
-        test("\u0128", lt, "i\u0307\u0303");
-        test("I\u0300", Locale.US, "i\u0300"); // "I" followed by COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT (cc==230)
-        test("J\u0300", Locale.US, "j\u0300"); // "J" followed by COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT (cc==230)
-        test("\u012E\u0300", Locale.US, "\u012F\u0300"); // "I (w/ OGONEK)" followed by COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT (cc==230)
-        test("\u00CC", Locale.US, "\u00EC");
-        test("\u00CD", Locale.US, "\u00ED");
-        test("\u0128", Locale.US, "\u0129");
-
-        // I-dot tests
-        test("\u0130", turkish, "i");
-        test("\u0130", az, "i");
-        test("\u0130", lt, "\u0069\u0307");
-        test("\u0130", Locale.US, "\u0069\u0307");
-        test("\u0130", Locale.JAPAN, "\u0069\u0307");
-        test("\u0130", Locale.ROOT, "\u0069\u0307");
-
-        // Remove dot_above in the sequence I + dot_above (Turkish and Azeri)
-        test("I\u0307", turkish, "i");
-        test("I\u0307", az, "i");
-        test("J\u0307", turkish, "j\u0307");
-        test("J\u0307", az, "j\u0307");
-
-        // Unless an I is before a dot_above, it turns into a dotless i (Turkish and Azeri)
-        test("I", turkish, "\u0131");
-        test("I", az, "\u0131");
-        test("I", Locale.US, "i");
-        test("IABC", turkish, "\u0131abc");
-        test("IABC", az, "\u0131abc");
-        test("IABC", Locale.US, "iabc");
-
-        // Supplementary character tests
-        //
-        // U+10400 ("\uD801\uDC00"): DESERET CAPITAL LETTER LONG I
-        // U+10401 ("\uD801\uDC01"): DESERET CAPITAL LETTER LONG E
-        // U+10402 ("\uD801\uDC02"): DESERET CAPITAL LETTER LONG A
-        // U+10428 ("\uD801\uDC28"): DESERET SMALL LETTER LONG I
-        // U+10429 ("\uD801\uDC29"): DESERET SMALL LETTER LONG E
-        // U+1042A ("\uD801\uDC2A"): DESERET SMALL LETTER LONG A
-        //
-        // valid code point tests:
-        test("\uD801\uDC00\uD801\uDC01\uD801\uDC02", Locale.US, "\uD801\uDC28\uD801\uDC29\uD801\uDC2A");
-        test("\uD801\uDC00A\uD801\uDC01B\uD801\uDC02C", Locale.US, "\uD801\uDC28a\uD801\uDC29b\uD801\uDC2Ac");
-        // invalid code point tests:
-        test("\uD800\uD800\uD801A\uDC00\uDC00\uDC00B", Locale.US, "\uD800\uD800\uD801a\uDC00\uDC00\uDC00b");
-
-        // lower/uppercase + surrogates
-        test("a\uD801\uDC1c", Locale.ROOT, "a\uD801\uDC44");
-        test("A\uD801\uDC1c", Locale.ROOT, "a\uD801\uDC44");
-        test("a\uD801\uDC00\uD801\uDC01\uD801\uDC02", Locale.US, "a\uD801\uDC28\uD801\uDC29\uD801\uDC2A");
-        test("A\uD801\uDC00\uD801\uDC01\uD801\uDC02", Locale.US, "a\uD801\uDC28\uD801\uDC29\uD801\uDC2A");
+    private static Stream<Arguments> testSimpleCases() {
+        return Stream.of(
+            // Greek Sigma final/non-final tests
+            Arguments.of("\u03A3", Locale.US, "\u03C3"),
+            Arguments.of("LAST\u03A3", Locale.US, "last\u03C2"),
+            Arguments.of("MID\u03A3DLE", Locale.US, "mid\u03C3dle"),
+            Arguments.of("WORD1 \u03A3 WORD3", Locale.US, "word1 \u03C3 word3"),
+            Arguments.of("WORD1 LAST\u03A3 WORD3", Locale.US, "word1 last\u03C2 word3"),
+            Arguments.of("WORD1 MID\u03A3DLE WORD3", Locale.US, "word1 mid\u03C3dle word3"),
+            Arguments.of("\u0399\u0395\u03a3\u03a5\u03a3 \u03a7\u03a1\u0399\u03a3\u03a4\u039f\u03a3", Locale.US,
+                 "\u03b9\u03b5\u03c3\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2"), // "IESUS XRISTOS"
+
+            // Final_Cased (Unicode 4.0) -> Final_Sigma (Unicode 5.0) specific tests
+            // ':' is a `Case_Ignorable` and a word boundary between letters, which
+            // should not end the final cased letter search in 5.0 spec
+            Arguments.of("A:\u03A3", Locale.ROOT, "a:\u03C2"),
+            Arguments.of("A:\u03A3", Locale.US, "a:\u03C2"),
+            Arguments.of("A:\u03A3", GREEK, "a:\u03C2"),
+            Arguments.of("A\u03A3:B", Locale.ROOT, "a\u03C3:b"),
+            Arguments.of("A\u03A3:B", Locale.US, "a\u03C3:b"),
+            Arguments.of("A\u03A3:B", GREEK, "a\u03C3:b"),
+            Arguments.of("A1\u03A3", Locale.ROOT, "a1\u03C3"),
+            Arguments.of("A1\u03A3", Locale.US, "a1\u03C3"),
+            Arguments.of("A1\u03A3", GREEK, "a1\u03C3"),
+            Arguments.of("A\u03A31B", Locale.ROOT, "a\u03C21b"),
+            Arguments.of("A\u03A31B", Locale.US, "a\u03C21b"),
+            Arguments.of("A\u03A31B", GREEK, "a\u03C21b"),
+            // U+10780 is supplementary, Cased, and Case_Ignorable.
+            Arguments.of("\uD801\uDF80\u03A3", Locale.ROOT, "\uD801\uDF80\u03C2"),
+            Arguments.of("\uD801\uDF80\u03A3", Locale.US, "\uD801\uDF80\u03C2"),
+            Arguments.of("\uD801\uDF80\u03A3", GREEK, "\uD801\uDF80\u03C2"),
+            Arguments.of("\u03A3\uD801\uDF80", Locale.ROOT, "\u03C3\uD801\uDF80"),
+            Arguments.of("\u03A3\uD801\uDF80", Locale.US, "\u03C3\uD801\uDF80"),
+            Arguments.of("\u03A3\uD801\uDF80", GREEK, "\u03C3\uD801\uDF80"),
+
+            // Explicit dot above for I's and J's whenever there are more accents above (Lithuanian)
+            Arguments.of("I", LITHUANIAN, "i"),
+            Arguments.of("I\u0300", LITHUANIAN, "i\u0307\u0300"), // "I" followed by COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT (cc==230)
+            Arguments.of("I\u0316", LITHUANIAN, "i\u0316"), // "I" followed by COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT BELOW (cc!=230)
+            Arguments.of("J", LITHUANIAN, "j"),
+            Arguments.of("J\u0300", LITHUANIAN, "j\u0307\u0300"), // "J" followed by COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT (cc==230)
+            Arguments.of("J\u0316", LITHUANIAN, "j\u0316"), // "J" followed by COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT BELOW (cc!=230)
+            Arguments.of("\u012E", LITHUANIAN, "\u012F"),
+            Arguments.of("\u012E\u0300", LITHUANIAN, "\u012F\u0307\u0300"), // "I (w/ OGONEK)" followed by COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT (cc==230)
+            Arguments.of("\u012E\u0316", LITHUANIAN, "\u012F\u0316"), // "I (w/ OGONEK)" followed by COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT BELOW (cc!=230)
+            Arguments.of("\u00CC", LITHUANIAN, "i\u0307\u0300"),
+            Arguments.of("\u00CD", LITHUANIAN, "i\u0307\u0301"),
+            Arguments.of("\u0128", LITHUANIAN, "i\u0307\u0303"),
+            Arguments.of("I\u0300", Locale.US, "i\u0300"), // "I" followed by COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT (cc==230)
+            Arguments.of("J\u0300", Locale.US, "j\u0300"), // "J" followed by COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT (cc==230)
+            Arguments.of("\u012E\u0300", Locale.US, "\u012F\u0300"), // "I (w/ OGONEK)" followed by COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT (cc==230)
+            Arguments.of("\u00CC", Locale.US, "\u00EC"),
+            Arguments.of("\u00CD", Locale.US, "\u00ED"),
+            Arguments.of("\u0128", Locale.US, "\u0129"),
+
+            // I-dot tests
+            Arguments.of("\u0130", TURKISH, "i"),
+            Arguments.of("\u0130", AZERI, "i"),
+            Arguments.of("\u0130", LITHUANIAN, "\u0069\u0307"),
+            Arguments.of("\u0130", Locale.US, "\u0069\u0307"),
+            Arguments.of("\u0130", Locale.JAPAN, "\u0069\u0307"),
+            Arguments.of("\u0130", Locale.ROOT, "\u0069\u0307"),
+
+            // Remove dot_above in the sequence I + dot_above (Turkish and Azeri)
+            Arguments.of("I\u0307", TURKISH, "i"),
+            Arguments.of("I\u0307", AZERI, "i"),
+            Arguments.of("J\u0307", TURKISH, "j\u0307"),
+            Arguments.of("J\u0307", AZERI, "j\u0307"),
+
+            // Unless an I is before a dot_above, it turns into a dotless i (Turkish and Azeri)
+            Arguments.of("I", TURKISH, "\u0131"),
+            Arguments.of("I", AZERI, "\u0131"),
+            Arguments.of("I", Locale.US, "i"),
+            Arguments.of("IABC", TURKISH, "\u0131abc"),
+            Arguments.of("IABC", AZERI, "\u0131abc"),
+            Arguments.of("IABC", Locale.US, "iabc"),
+
+            // Supplementary character tests
+            //
+            // U+10400 ("\uD801\uDC00"): DESERET CAPITAL LETTER LONG I
+            // U+10401 ("\uD801\uDC01"): DESERET CAPITAL LETTER LONG E
+            // U+10402 ("\uD801\uDC02"): DESERET CAPITAL LETTER LONG A
+            // U+10428 ("\uD801\uDC28"): DESERET SMALL LETTER LONG I
+            // U+10429 ("\uD801\uDC29"): DESERET SMALL LETTER LONG E
+            // U+1042A ("\uD801\uDC2A"): DESERET SMALL LETTER LONG A
+            //
+            // valid code point tests:
+            Arguments.of("\uD801\uDC00\uD801\uDC01\uD801\uDC02", Locale.US, "\uD801\uDC28\uD801\uDC29\uD801\uDC2A"),
+            Arguments.of("\uD801\uDC00A\uD801\uDC01B\uD801\uDC02C", Locale.US, "\uD801\uDC28a\uD801\uDC29b\uD801\uDC2Ac"),
+            // invalid code point tests:
+            Arguments.of("\uD800\uD800\uD801A\uDC00\uDC00\uDC00B", Locale.US, "\uD800\uD800\uD801a\uDC00\uDC00\uDC00b"),
+
+            // lower/uppercase + surrogates
+            Arguments.of("a\uD801\uDC1c", Locale.ROOT, "a\uD801\uDC44"),
+            Arguments.of("A\uD801\uDC1c", Locale.ROOT, "a\uD801\uDC44"),
+            Arguments.of("a\uD801\uDC00\uD801\uDC01\uD801\uDC02", Locale.US, "a\uD801\uDC28\uD801\uDC29\uD801\uDC2A"),
+            Arguments.of("A\uD801\uDC00\uD801\uDC01\uD801\uDC02", Locale.US, "a\uD801\uDC28\uD801\uDC29\uD801\uDC2A"));
+    }
 
+    @Test
+    void testBMPAndSupp1() {
         // test bmp + supp1
         StringBuilder src = new StringBuilder(0x20000);
         StringBuilder exp = new StringBuilder(0x20000);
@@ -134,9 +175,13 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
         }
         test(src.toString(), Locale.US, exp.toString());
 
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testLatin1() {
         // test latin1
-        src = new StringBuilder(0x100);
-        exp = new StringBuilder(0x100);
+        var src = new StringBuilder(0x100);
+        var exp = new StringBuilder(0x100);
         for (int cp = 0; cp < 0x100; cp++) {
             int lowerCase = Character.toLowerCase(cp);
             if (lowerCase == -1) {    //Character.ERROR
@@ -146,10 +191,13 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
             exp.appendCodePoint(lowerCase);
         }
         test(src.toString(), Locale.US, exp.toString());
+    }
 
+    @Test
+    void testNonLatin1ToLatin1() {
         // test non-latin1 -> latin1
-        src = new StringBuilder(0x100).append("abc");
-        exp = new StringBuilder(0x100).append("abc");
+        var src = new StringBuilder(0x100).append("abc");
+        var exp = new StringBuilder(0x100).append("abc");
         for (int cp = 0x100; cp < 0x10000; cp++) {
             int lowerCase  = Character.toLowerCase(cp);
             if (lowerCase < 0x100 && cp != '\u0130') {
@@ -160,8 +208,9 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
         test(src.toString(), Locale.US, exp.toString());
     }
 
-    static void test(String in, Locale locale, String expected) {
-        test0(in, locale,expected);
+    private static void test(String in, Locale locale, String expected) {
+        assertEquals(expected, in.toLowerCase(locale));
+
         for (String[] ss :  new String[][] {
                                 new String[] {"abc",      "abc"},
                                 new String[] {"aBc",      "abc"},
@@ -177,17 +226,10 @@ static void test(String in, Locale locale, String expected) {
                                 new String[] {"AB\uD801\uDC1C", "ab\uD801\uDC44"},
 
                             }) {
-            test0(ss[0] + " " + in, locale, ss[1] + " " + expected);
-            test0(in + " " + ss[0], locale, expected + " " + ss[1]);
-        }
-    }
-
-    static void test0(String in, Locale locale, String expected) {
-        String result = in.toLowerCase(locale);
-        if (!result.equals(expected)) {
-            System.err.println("input: " + in + ", locale: " + locale +
-                    ", expected: " + expected + ", actual: " + result);
-            throw new RuntimeException();
+            assertEquals(ss[1] + " " + expected,
+                (ss[0] + " " + in).toLowerCase(locale));
+            assertEquals(expected + " " + ss[1],
+                (in + " " + ss[0]).toLowerCase(locale));
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/String/ToUpperCase.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/String/ToUpperCase.java
index fd825f09fce..1db93b8ede4 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/String/ToUpperCase.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/String/ToUpperCase.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,81 +23,98 @@
 
 /*
     @test
-    @bug 4219630 4304573 4533872 4900935 8042589 8054307
+    @bug 4219630 4304573 4533872 4900935 8042589 8054307 8133167
     @summary toUpperCase should upper-case German sharp s correctly even if
              it's the only character in the string. should also uppercase
              all of the 1:M char mappings correctly.  Also it should handle
              Locale specific (lt, tr, and az) uppercasings and supplementary
              characters correctly.
+    @run junit ToUpperCase
 */
 
 import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 
 public class ToUpperCase {
+    private static final Locale TURKISH = Locale.of("tr");
+    private static final Locale LITHUANIAN = Locale.of("lt");
+    private static final Locale AZERI = Locale.of("az");
 
-    public static void main(String[] args) {
-        Locale turkish = Locale.of("tr", "TR");
-        Locale lt = Locale.of("lt"); // Lithanian
-        Locale az = Locale.of("az"); // Azeri
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource
+    void testSimpleCases(String source, Locale locale, String expected) {
+        test(source, locale, expected);
+    }
 
-        test("\u00DF", turkish, "SS");
-        test("a\u00DF", turkish, "ASS");
-        test("i", turkish, "\u0130");
-        test("i", az, "\u0130");
-        test("\u0131", turkish, "I");
-        test("\u00DF", Locale.GERMANY, "SS");
-        test("a\u00DF", Locale.GERMANY, "ASS");
-        test("i", Locale.GERMANY, "I");
+    private static Stream<Arguments> testSimpleCases() {
+        return Stream.of(
+            Arguments.of("\u00DF", TURKISH, "SS"),
+            Arguments.of("a\u00DF", TURKISH, "ASS"),
+            Arguments.of("i", TURKISH, "\u0130"),
+            Arguments.of("i", AZERI, "\u0130"),
+            Arguments.of("\u0131", TURKISH, "I"),
+            Arguments.of("\u00DF", Locale.GERMANY, "SS"),
+            Arguments.of("a\u00DF", Locale.GERMANY, "ASS"),
+            Arguments.of("i", Locale.GERMANY, "I"),
 
-        // test some of the 1:M uppercase mappings
-        test("abc\u00DF", Locale.US, "ABC\u0053\u0053");
-        test("\u0149abc", Locale.US, "\u02BC\u004EABC");
-        test("\u0149abc", turkish, "\u02BC\u004EABC");
-        test("\u1F52", Locale.US, "\u03A5\u0313\u0300");
-        test("\u0149\u1F52", Locale.US, "\u02BC\u004E\u03A5\u0313\u0300");
-        test("\u1F54ZZZ", Locale.US, "\u03A5\u0313\u0301ZZZ");
-        test("\u1F54ZZZ", turkish, "\u03A5\u0313\u0301ZZZ");
-        test("a\u00DF\u1F56", Locale.US, "ASS\u03A5\u0313\u0342");
-        test("\u1FAD", turkish, "\u1F6D\u0399");
-        test("i\u1FC7", turkish, "\u0130\u0397\u0342\u0399");
-        test("i\u1FC7", az, "\u0130\u0397\u0342\u0399");
-        test("i\u1FC7", Locale.US, "I\u0397\u0342\u0399");
-        test("\uFB04", Locale.US, "\u0046\u0046\u004C");
-        test("\uFB17AbCdEfi", turkish, "\u0544\u053DABCDEF\u0130");
-        test("\uFB17AbCdEfi", az, "\u0544\u053DABCDEF\u0130");
+            // test some of the 1:M uppercase mappings
+            Arguments.of("abc\u00DF", Locale.US, "ABC\u0053\u0053"),
+            Arguments.of("\u0149abc", Locale.US, "\u02BC\u004EABC"),
+            Arguments.of("\u0149abc", TURKISH, "\u02BC\u004EABC"),
+            Arguments.of("\u1F52", Locale.US, "\u03A5\u0313\u0300"),
+            Arguments.of("\u0149\u1F52", Locale.US, "\u02BC\u004E\u03A5\u0313\u0300"),
+            Arguments.of("\u1F54ZZZ", Locale.US, "\u03A5\u0313\u0301ZZZ"),
+            Arguments.of("\u1F54ZZZ", TURKISH, "\u03A5\u0313\u0301ZZZ"),
+            Arguments.of("a\u00DF\u1F56", Locale.US, "ASS\u03A5\u0313\u0342"),
+            Arguments.of("\u1FAD", TURKISH, "\u1F6D\u0399"),
+            Arguments.of("i\u1FC7", TURKISH, "\u0130\u0397\u0342\u0399"),
+            Arguments.of("i\u1FC7", AZERI, "\u0130\u0397\u0342\u0399"),
+            Arguments.of("i\u1FC7", Locale.US, "I\u0397\u0342\u0399"),
+            Arguments.of("\uFB04", Locale.US, "\u0046\u0046\u004C"),
+            Arguments.of("\uFB17AbCdEfi", TURKISH, "\u0544\u053DABCDEF\u0130"),
+            Arguments.of("\uFB17AbCdEfi", AZERI, "\u0544\u053DABCDEF\u0130"),
 
-        // Remove DOT ABOVE after "i" in Lithuanian
-        test("i\u0307", lt, "I");
-        test("\u0307", lt, "\u0307");
-        test("\u0307i", lt, "\u0307I");
-        test("j\u0307", lt, "J");
-        test("abci\u0307def", lt, "ABCIDEF");
-        test("a\u0307", lt, "A\u0307");
-        test("abc\u0307def", lt, "ABC\u0307DEF");
-        test("i\u0307", Locale.US, "I\u0307");
-        test("i\u0307", turkish, "\u0130\u0307");
+            // Remove DOT ABOVE after "i" in Lithuanian
+            Arguments.of("i\u0307", LITHUANIAN, "I"),
+            Arguments.of("\u0307", LITHUANIAN, "\u0307"),
+            Arguments.of("\u0307i", LITHUANIAN, "\u0307I"),
+            Arguments.of("j\u0307", LITHUANIAN, "J"),
+            Arguments.of("abci\u0307def", LITHUANIAN, "ABCIDEF"),
+            Arguments.of("a\u0307", LITHUANIAN, "A\u0307"),
+            Arguments.of("abc\u0307def", LITHUANIAN, "ABC\u0307DEF"),
+            Arguments.of("i\u0307", Locale.US, "I\u0307"),
+            Arguments.of("i\u0307", TURKISH, "\u0130\u0307"),
 
-        // Supplementary character tests
-        //
-        // U+10400 ("\uD801\uDC00"): DESERET CAPITAL LETTER LONG I
-        // U+10401 ("\uD801\uDC01"): DESERET CAPITAL LETTER LONG E
-        // U+10402 ("\uD801\uDC02"): DESERET CAPITAL LETTER LONG A
-        // U+10428 ("\uD801\uDC28"): DESERET SMALL LETTER LONG I
-        // U+10429 ("\uD801\uDC29"): DESERET SMALL LETTER LONG E
-        // U+1042A ("\uD801\uDC2A"): DESERET SMALL LETTER LONG A
-        //
-        // valid code point tests:
-        test("\uD801\uDC28\uD801\uDC29\uD801\uDC2A", Locale.US, "\uD801\uDC00\uD801\uDC01\uD801\uDC02");
-        test("\uD801\uDC28a\uD801\uDC29b\uD801\uDC2Ac", Locale.US, "\uD801\uDC00A\uD801\uDC01B\uD801\uDC02C");
-        // invalid code point tests:
-        test("\uD800\uD800\uD801a\uDC00\uDC00\uDC00b", Locale.US, "\uD800\uD800\uD801A\uDC00\uDC00\uDC00B");
+            // Supplementary character tests
+            //
+            // U+10400 ("\uD801\uDC00"): DESERET CAPITAL LETTER LONG I
+            // U+10401 ("\uD801\uDC01"): DESERET CAPITAL LETTER LONG E
+            // U+10402 ("\uD801\uDC02"): DESERET CAPITAL LETTER LONG A
+            // U+10428 ("\uD801\uDC28"): DESERET SMALL LETTER LONG I
+            // U+10429 ("\uD801\uDC29"): DESERET SMALL LETTER LONG E
+            // U+1042A ("\uD801\uDC2A"): DESERET SMALL LETTER LONG A
+            //
+            // valid code point tests:
+            Arguments.of("\uD801\uDC28\uD801\uDC29\uD801\uDC2A", Locale.US, "\uD801\uDC00\uD801\uDC01\uD801\uDC02"),
+            Arguments.of("\uD801\uDC28a\uD801\uDC29b\uD801\uDC2Ac", Locale.US, "\uD801\uDC00A\uD801\uDC01B\uD801\uDC02C"),
+            // invalid code point tests:
+            Arguments.of("\uD800\uD800\uD801a\uDC00\uDC00\uDC00b", Locale.US, "\uD800\uD800\uD801A\uDC00\uDC00\uDC00B"),
 
-        // lower/uppercase + surrogates
-        test("a\uD801\uDC44", Locale.ROOT, "A\uD801\uDC1c");
-        test("A\uD801\uDC44", Locale.ROOT, "A\uD801\uDC1c");
-        test("a\uD801\uDC28\uD801\uDC29\uD801\uDC2A", Locale.US, "A\uD801\uDC00\uD801\uDC01\uD801\uDC02");
-        test("A\uD801\uDC28a\uD801\uDC29b\uD801\uDC2Ac", Locale.US, "A\uD801\uDC00A\uD801\uDC01B\uD801\uDC02C");
+            // lower/uppercase + surrogates
+            Arguments.of("a\uD801\uDC44", Locale.ROOT, "A\uD801\uDC1c"),
+            Arguments.of("A\uD801\uDC44", Locale.ROOT, "A\uD801\uDC1c"),
+            Arguments.of("a\uD801\uDC28\uD801\uDC29\uD801\uDC2A", Locale.US, "A\uD801\uDC00\uD801\uDC01\uD801\uDC02"),
+            Arguments.of("A\uD801\uDC28a\uD801\uDC29b\uD801\uDC2Ac", Locale.US, "A\uD801\uDC00A\uD801\uDC01B\uD801\uDC02C"));
+    }
 
+    @Test
+    void testLatin1() {
         // test latin1 only case
         StringBuilder src = new StringBuilder(0x100);
         StringBuilder exp = new StringBuilder(0x100);
@@ -114,10 +131,13 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
             }
         }
         test(src.toString(), Locale.US, exp.toString());
+    }
 
+    @Test
+    void testNonLatin1ToLatin1() {
         // test non-latin1 -> latin1
-        src = new StringBuilder(0x100).append("ABC");
-        exp = new StringBuilder(0x100).append("ABC");
+        var src = new StringBuilder(0x100).append("ABC");
+        var exp = new StringBuilder(0x100).append("ABC");
         for (int cp = 0x100; cp < 0x10000; cp++) {
             int upperCase  = Character.toUpperCase(cp);
             if (upperCase < 0x100) {
@@ -129,8 +149,9 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
 
     }
 
-    static void test(String in, Locale locale, String expected) {
-        test0(in, locale,expected);
+    private static void test(String in, Locale locale, String expected) {
+        assertEquals(expected, in.toUpperCase(locale));
+
         // trigger different code paths
         for (String[] ss :  new String[][] {
                                 new String[] {"abc",      "ABC"},
@@ -146,17 +167,10 @@ static void test(String in, Locale locale, String expected) {
                                 new String[] {"Ab\uD801\uDC44", "AB\uD801\uDC1C"},
                                 new String[] {"ab\uD801\uDC44", "AB\uD801\uDC1C"},
                             }) {
-            test0(ss[0] + " " + in, locale, ss[1] + " " + expected);
-            test0(in + " " + ss[0], locale, expected + " " + ss[1]);
-        }
-    }
-
-    static void test0(String in, Locale locale, String expected) {
-        String result = in.toUpperCase(locale);
-        if (!result.equals(expected)) {
-            System.err.println("input: " + in + ", locale: " + locale +
-                    ", expected: " + expected + ", actual: " + result);
-            throw new RuntimeException();
+            assertEquals(ss[1] + " " + expected,
+                (ss[0] + " " + in).toUpperCase(locale));
+            assertEquals(expected + " " + ss[1],
+                (in + " " + ss[0]).toUpperCase(locale));
         }
     }
 }

From 611f186cf3a47258116146d70e405ef483e65e2a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Coleen Phillimore <coleenp@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 22 Jul 2026 17:19:29 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 316/707] 8388695: Remove PrintRewrites

Reviewed-by: iklam
---
 src/hotspot/share/oops/generateOopMap.cpp | 27 ++---------------------
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp     |  3 ---
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 28 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/generateOopMap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/generateOopMap.cpp
index 56f3e7e0325..f7c933b0ea7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/generateOopMap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/generateOopMap.cpp
@@ -2242,9 +2242,9 @@ void GenerateOopMap::rewrite_refval_conflicts()
   // Tracing flag
   _did_rewriting = true;
 
-  if (log_is_enabled(Trace, generateoopmap)) {
+  if (log_is_enabled(Debug, generateoopmap)) {
     ResourceMark rm;
-    LogStream st(Log(generateoopmap)::trace());
+    LogStream st(Log(generateoopmap)::debug());
     st.print_cr("ref/value conflict for method %s - bytecodes are getting rewritten", method()->name()->as_C_string());
     method()->print_on(&st);
     method()->print_codes_on(&st);
@@ -2502,32 +2502,9 @@ void GenerateOopMap::update_ret_adr_at_TOS(int bci, int delta) {
 
 // ===================================================================
 
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-int ResolveOopMapConflicts::_nof_invocations  = 0;
-int ResolveOopMapConflicts::_nof_rewrites     = 0;
-int ResolveOopMapConflicts::_nof_relocations  = 0;
-#endif
-
 methodHandle ResolveOopMapConflicts::do_potential_rewrite(TRAPS) {
   if (!compute_map(THREAD)) {
     THROW_HANDLE_(exception(), methodHandle());
   }
-
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-  // Tracking and statistics
-  if (PrintRewrites) {
-    _nof_invocations++;
-    if (did_rewriting()) {
-      _nof_rewrites++;
-      if (did_relocation()) _nof_relocations++;
-      tty->print("Method was rewritten %s: ", (did_relocation()) ? "and relocated" : "");
-      method()->print_value(); tty->cr();
-      tty->print_cr("Cand.: %d rewrts: %d (%d%%) reloc.: %d (%d%%)",
-          _nof_invocations,
-          _nof_rewrites,    (_nof_rewrites    * 100) / _nof_invocations,
-          _nof_relocations, (_nof_relocations * 100) / _nof_invocations);
-    }
-  }
-#endif
   return methodHandle(THREAD, method());
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
index cd34d874a3c..05ec955f989 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
@@ -281,9 +281,6 @@ const int ObjectAlignmentInBytes = 8;
   develop(bool, TraceCodeBlobStacks, false,                                 \
           "Trace stack-walk of codeblobs")                                  \
                                                                             \
-  develop(bool, PrintRewrites, false,                                       \
-          "Print methods that are being rewritten")                         \
-                                                                            \
   product(bool, UseInlineCaches, true,                                      \
           "Use Inline Caches for virtual calls ")                           \
                                                                             \

From 303b84d4bce43c75c1c8274dc94b45b4ef1381d0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Serguei Spitsyn <sspitsyn@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 22 Jul 2026 22:13:26 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 317/707] 8384882:
 jvmti/IterateOverReachableObjects/iterreachobj002 fails with Not a valid
 malloc pointer

Reviewed-by: cjplummer, dholmes
---
 .../iterreachobj002/iterreachobj002.cpp       | 130 +++++++-----------
 1 file changed, 47 insertions(+), 83 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/IterateOverReachableObjects/iterreachobj002/iterreachobj002.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/IterateOverReachableObjects/iterreachobj002/iterreachobj002.cpp
index 236094b5015..b368e0e932f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/IterateOverReachableObjects/iterreachobj002/iterreachobj002.cpp
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/IterateOverReachableObjects/iterreachobj002/iterreachobj002.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2004, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -31,13 +31,13 @@ extern "C" {
 
 static JNIEnv *jni = nullptr;
 static jvmtiEnv *jvmti = nullptr;
-static jvmtiEventCallbacks callbacks;
 static jvmtiCapabilities caps;
 static jlong timeout = 0;
 
 /* ============================================================================= */
 
-static volatile long objectCount = 0, objectCountMax = 0;
+static volatile jlong objectCountMax = 0;
+static volatile jlong objectTagCount = 0;
 static int userData = 0, callbackAborted = 0;
 static int numberOfDeallocatedFromCallbacksDescriptors = 0;
 
@@ -53,14 +53,6 @@ static short* deallocatedFlagsArr;
 
 /* ============================================================================= */
 
-void JNICALL
-ObjectFree(jvmtiEnv *jvmti_env, jlong tag) {
-    /* decrement number of expected objects  */
-    objectCount--;
-}
-
-/* ============================================================================= */
-
 
 /** jvmtiHeapRootCallback for first iteration. */
 jvmtiIterationControl JNICALL
@@ -72,15 +64,14 @@ heapRootCallbackForFirstObjectsIteration(jvmtiHeapRootKind root_kind,
 
     if (*tag_ptr != 0) return JVMTI_ITERATION_CONTINUE;
 
-    /* Set tag */
-    *tag_ptr = (jlong)++objectCount;
-
     if (!NSK_JVMTI_VERIFY(jvmti->Allocate((sizeof(ObjectDesc)), (unsigned char**)&objectDescBuf))) {
         nsk_jvmti_setFailStatus();
         callbackAborted = 1;
         NSK_COMPLAIN0("heapRootCallbackForFirstObjectsIteration: Allocation failed. Iteration aborted.\n");
         return JVMTI_ITERATION_ABORT;
     }
+    /* Set tag */
+    *tag_ptr = ++objectTagCount;
 
     (*objectDescList).tag = *tag_ptr;
     (*objectDescList).size = size;
@@ -100,24 +91,16 @@ heapRootCallbackForSecondObjectsIteration(jvmtiHeapRootKind root_kind,
                                           jlong* tag_ptr,
                                           void* user_data) {
 
-    long ind = (long)((*tag_ptr) - 1);
+    jlong ind = (*tag_ptr) - 1;
 
     if (*tag_ptr == 0) return JVMTI_ITERATION_CONTINUE;
 
-/*
-    ObjectDesc *objectDesc = objectDescArr[ind];
-    jlong tag = (*objectDesc).tag;
-*/
-    if (ind < 0 || ind > objectCountMax) {
-        NSK_COMPLAIN1("heapRootCallbackForSecondObjectsIteration: invalid object tag value: %d\n", (long)*tag_ptr);
+    if (ind < 0 || ind >= objectCountMax) {
+        NSK_COMPLAIN1("heapRootCallbackForSecondObjectsIteration: invalid object tag value: " JLONG_FORMAT "\n", *tag_ptr);
         nsk_jvmti_setFailStatus();
         callbackAborted = 1;
         return JVMTI_ITERATION_ABORT;
     }
-/*
-    NSK_DISPLAY3("heapRootCallbackForSecondObjectsIteration: *tag_ptr %6d , tag %6d , objectCount %6d\n",
-                     (long)*tag_ptr, (long)tag, objectCount);
-*/
     /* Deallocate memory of list element*/
     if (!NSK_JVMTI_VERIFY(jvmti->Deallocate((unsigned char*)objectDescArr[ind]))) {
         nsk_jvmti_setFailStatus();
@@ -131,7 +114,6 @@ heapRootCallbackForSecondObjectsIteration(jvmtiHeapRootKind root_kind,
 
     /* unset tag */
     *tag_ptr = 0;
-    objectCount--;
 
     return JVMTI_ITERATION_CONTINUE;
 }
@@ -150,15 +132,14 @@ stackReferenceCallbackForFirstObjectsIteration(jvmtiHeapRootKind root_kind,
 
     if (*tag_ptr != 0) return JVMTI_ITERATION_CONTINUE;
 
-    /* Set tag */
-    *tag_ptr = (jlong)++objectCount;
-
     if (!NSK_JVMTI_VERIFY(jvmti->Allocate((sizeof(ObjectDesc)), (unsigned char**)&objectDescBuf))) {
         nsk_jvmti_setFailStatus();
         callbackAborted = 1;
         NSK_COMPLAIN0("stackReferenceCallbackForFirstObjectsIteration: Allocation failed. Iteration aborted.\n");
         return JVMTI_ITERATION_ABORT;
     }
+    /* Set tag */
+    *tag_ptr = ++objectTagCount;
 
     (*objectDescList).tag = *tag_ptr;
     (*objectDescList).size = size;
@@ -182,24 +163,16 @@ stackReferenceCallbackForSecondObjectsIteration(jvmtiHeapRootKind root_kind,
                                                 jint      slot,
                                                 void*     user_data) {
 
-    long ind = (long)((*tag_ptr) - 1);
+    jlong ind = (*tag_ptr) - 1;
 
     if (*tag_ptr == 0) return JVMTI_ITERATION_CONTINUE;
 
-/*
-    ObjectDesc *objectDesc = objectDescArr[ind];
-    jlong tag = (*objectDesc).tag;
-*/
-    if (ind < 0 || ind > objectCountMax) {
-        NSK_COMPLAIN1("stackReferenceCallbackForSecondObjectsIteration: invalid object tag value: %d\n", (long)*tag_ptr);
+    if (ind < 0 || ind >= objectCountMax) {
+        NSK_COMPLAIN1("stackReferenceCallbackForSecondObjectsIteration: invalid object tag value: " JLONG_FORMAT "\n", *tag_ptr);
         nsk_jvmti_setFailStatus();
         callbackAborted = 1;
         return JVMTI_ITERATION_ABORT;
     }
-/*
-    NSK_DISPLAY3("stackReferenceCallbackForSecondObjectsIteration: *tag_ptr %6d , tag %6d , objectCount %6d\n",
-                     (long)*tag_ptr, (long)tag, objectCount);
-*/
     /* Deallocate memory of list element*/
     if (!NSK_JVMTI_VERIFY(jvmti->Deallocate((unsigned char*)objectDescArr[ind]))) {
         nsk_jvmti_setFailStatus();
@@ -213,7 +186,6 @@ stackReferenceCallbackForSecondObjectsIteration(jvmtiHeapRootKind root_kind,
 
     /* unset tag */
     *tag_ptr = 0;
-    objectCount--;
 
     return JVMTI_ITERATION_CONTINUE;
 }
@@ -230,15 +202,14 @@ objectReferenceCallbackForFirstObjectsIteration(jvmtiObjectReferenceKind referen
 
     if (*tag_ptr != 0) return JVMTI_ITERATION_CONTINUE;
 
-    /* Set tag */
-    *tag_ptr = (jlong)++objectCount;
-
     if (!NSK_JVMTI_VERIFY(jvmti->Allocate((sizeof(ObjectDesc)), (unsigned char**)&objectDescBuf))) {
         nsk_jvmti_setFailStatus();
         callbackAborted = 1;
         NSK_COMPLAIN0("objectReferenceCallbackForFirstObjectsIteration: Allocation failed. Iteration aborted.\n");
         return JVMTI_ITERATION_ABORT;
     }
+    /* Set tag */
+    *tag_ptr = ++objectTagCount;
 
     (*objectDescList).tag = *tag_ptr;
     (*objectDescList).size = size;
@@ -260,24 +231,16 @@ objectReferenceCallbackForSecondObjectsIteration(jvmtiObjectReferenceKind refere
                                                  jint   referrer_index,
                                                  void*  user_data) {
 
-    long ind = (long)((*tag_ptr) - 1);
+    jlong ind = (*tag_ptr) - 1;
 
     if (*tag_ptr == 0) return JVMTI_ITERATION_CONTINUE;
 
-/*
-    ObjectDesc *objectDesc = objectDescArr[ind];
-    jlong tag = (*objectDesc).tag;
-*/
-    if (ind < 0 || ind > objectCountMax) {
-        NSK_COMPLAIN1("objectReferenceCallbackForSecondObjectsIteration: invalid object tag value: %d\n", (long)*tag_ptr);
+    if (ind < 0 || ind >= objectCountMax) {
+        NSK_COMPLAIN1("objectReferenceCallbackForSecondObjectsIteration: invalid object tag value: " JLONG_FORMAT "\n", *tag_ptr);
         nsk_jvmti_setFailStatus();
         callbackAborted = 1;
         return JVMTI_ITERATION_ABORT;
     }
-/*
-    NSK_DISPLAY3("objectReferenceCallbackForSecondObjectsIteration: *tag_ptr %6d , tag %6d , objectCount %6d\n",
-                     (long)*tag_ptr, (long)tag, objectCount);
-*/
     /* Deallocate memory of list element*/
     if (!NSK_JVMTI_VERIFY(jvmti->Deallocate((unsigned char*)objectDescArr[ind]))) {
         nsk_jvmti_setFailStatus();
@@ -291,7 +254,6 @@ objectReferenceCallbackForSecondObjectsIteration(jvmtiObjectReferenceKind refere
 
     /* unset tag */
     *tag_ptr = 0;
-    objectCount--;
 
     return JVMTI_ITERATION_CONTINUE;
 }
@@ -302,7 +264,7 @@ objectReferenceCallbackForSecondObjectsIteration(jvmtiObjectReferenceKind refere
 static void JNICALL
 agentProc(jvmtiEnv* jvmti, JNIEnv* jni, void* arg) {
 
-    long ind;
+    jlong ind;
 
     NSK_DISPLAY0("Wait for debugee start\n");
     if (!NSK_VERIFY(nsk_jvmti_waitForSync(timeout)))
@@ -332,17 +294,29 @@ agentProc(jvmtiEnv* jvmti, JNIEnv* jni, void* arg) {
             }
             if (callbackAborted) break;
 
-            if (objectCount == 0) {
+            if (objectTagCount == 0) {
                 NSK_COMPLAIN0("First IterateOverReachableObjects call had not visited any object\n");
                 nsk_jvmti_setFailStatus();
                 break;
             } else {
-                NSK_DISPLAY1("Number of objects the first IterateOverReachableObjects visited: %d\n", objectCount);
+                NSK_DISPLAY1("Number of objects the first IterateOverReachableObjects visited: " JLONG_FORMAT "\n", objectTagCount);
             }
 
             if (callbackAborted) break;
 
-            objectCountMax = objectCount;
+            /* This fragment is needed to stress test execution with extra GC's. */
+            for (int gcCount = 0; gcCount < 5; gcCount++) {
+                NSK_DISPLAY1("Calling ForceGarbageCollection #%d before second iteration\n", gcCount + 1);
+                if (!NSK_JVMTI_VERIFY(jvmti->ForceGarbageCollection())) {
+                    nsk_jvmti_setFailStatus();
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            if (nsk_jvmti_getStatus() != NSK_STATUS_PASSED) {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            objectCountMax = objectTagCount;
 
             /* Deallocate last unnecessary descriptor */
             if (!NSK_JVMTI_VERIFY(jvmti->Deallocate((unsigned char*)objectDescList))) {
@@ -352,7 +326,7 @@ agentProc(jvmtiEnv* jvmti, JNIEnv* jni, void* arg) {
             }
 
             /* Allocate memory for array to save pointers to ObjectDescList elements */
-            if (!NSK_JVMTI_VERIFY(jvmti->Allocate((objectCount * sizeof(ObjectDesc*)),
+            if (!NSK_JVMTI_VERIFY(jvmti->Allocate((objectCountMax * sizeof(ObjectDesc*)),
                                                   (unsigned char**)&objectDescArr))) {
                 nsk_jvmti_setFailStatus();
                 break;
@@ -372,7 +346,7 @@ agentProc(jvmtiEnv* jvmti, JNIEnv* jni, void* arg) {
             objectDescList = objectDescListStart;
             {
                 /* Save all pointers to ObjectDescList elements in objectDescArr */
-                for (ind = 0; ind < objectCount; ind++) {
+                for (ind = 0; ind < objectCountMax; ind++) {
                     objectDescArr[ind] = objectDescList;
                     objectDescList = (*objectDescList).next;
                 }
@@ -390,6 +364,16 @@ agentProc(jvmtiEnv* jvmti, JNIEnv* jni, void* arg) {
                 }
             }
 
+            if (callbackAborted) break;
+
+            if (objectCountMax != objectTagCount) {
+                NSK_COMPLAIN2("objectCountMax: " JLONG_FORMAT " must match objectTagCount: " JLONG_FORMAT
+                              " after second call to IterateOverReachableObjects\n",
+                              objectCountMax, objectTagCount);
+                nsk_jvmti_setFailStatus();
+                break;
+            }
+
             if (numberOfDeallocatedFromCallbacksDescriptors == 0) {
                 NSK_COMPLAIN1("Deallocate func. hasn't been called from IterateOverReachableObjects'callbacks. "
                         "numberOfDeallocatedFromCallbacksDescriptors = %d\n", numberOfDeallocatedFromCallbacksDescriptors);
@@ -399,7 +383,7 @@ agentProc(jvmtiEnv* jvmti, JNIEnv* jni, void* arg) {
             for (ind = 0; ind < objectCountMax; ind++) {
                 if (!deallocatedFlagsArr[ind]) {
                     if (!NSK_JVMTI_VERIFY(jvmti->Deallocate((unsigned char*)objectDescArr[ind]))) {
-                        NSK_COMPLAIN1("Unable to deallocate descriptor. Index = %d \n", ind);
+                        NSK_COMPLAIN1("Unable to deallocate descriptor. Index = " JLONG_FORMAT "\n", ind);
                         nsk_jvmti_setFailStatus();
                         return;
                     }
@@ -451,7 +435,6 @@ jint Agent_Initialize(JavaVM *jvm, char *options, void *reserved) {
 
     memset(&caps, 0, sizeof(caps));
     caps.can_tag_objects = 1;
-    caps.can_generate_object_free_events = 1;
     if (!NSK_JVMTI_VERIFY(jvmti->AddCapabilities(&caps))) {
         return JNI_ERR;
     }
@@ -461,25 +444,6 @@ jint Agent_Initialize(JavaVM *jvm, char *options, void *reserved) {
 
     if (!caps.can_tag_objects)
         NSK_DISPLAY0("Warning: tagging objects is not available\n");
-    if (!caps.can_generate_object_free_events)
-        NSK_DISPLAY0("Warning: generation of object free events is not available\n");
-
-    /* set event callback */
-    NSK_DISPLAY0("setting event callbacks ...\n");
-    (void) memset(&callbacks, 0, sizeof(callbacks));
-
-    callbacks.ObjectFree = &ObjectFree;
-    if (!NSK_JVMTI_VERIFY(jvmti->SetEventCallbacks(&callbacks, sizeof(callbacks))))
-        return JNI_ERR;
-
-    NSK_DISPLAY0("setting event callbacks done.\n");
-
-    NSK_DISPLAY0("enabling JVMTI events ...\n");
-    if (!NSK_JVMTI_VERIFY(jvmti->SetEventNotificationMode(JVMTI_ENABLE,
-                                                          JVMTI_EVENT_OBJECT_FREE,
-                                                          nullptr)))
-        return JNI_ERR;
-    NSK_DISPLAY0("enabling the events done.\n");
 
     if (!NSK_VERIFY(nsk_jvmti_setAgentProc(agentProc, nullptr)))
         return JNI_ERR;

From 4bbe11186ffa79da62d86f804643d1dd91b89177 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ioi Lam <iklam@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 2026 00:19:38 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 318/707] 8388694: Refactor metaspace_pointers_do() operations
 for BSMAttributeEntries

Reviewed-by: coleenp, matsaave
---
 src/hotspot/share/oops/bsmAttribute.hpp |  9 +++++----
 src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.cpp | 10 +++++++---
 2 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/bsmAttribute.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/bsmAttribute.hpp
index 535821d539e..25a5293119f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/bsmAttribute.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/bsmAttribute.hpp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 
 class ClassLoaderData;
+class MetaspaceClosure;
 
 class BSMAttributeEntry {
   friend class ConstantPool;
@@ -130,10 +131,8 @@ class BSMAttributeEntries {
     return _offsets == nullptr && _bootstrap_methods == nullptr;
   }
 
-  Array<u4>*& offsets() { return _offsets; }
-  const Array<u4>* const& offsets() const { return _offsets; }
-  Array<u2>*& bootstrap_methods() { return _bootstrap_methods; }
-  const Array<u2>* const& bootstrap_methods() const { return _bootstrap_methods; }
+  Array<u4>* offsets() const { return _offsets; }
+  Array<u2>* bootstrap_methods() const { return _bootstrap_methods; }
 
   BSMAttributeEntry* entry(int bsms_attribute_index) {
     return reinterpret_cast<BSMAttributeEntry*>(_bootstrap_methods->adr_at(_offsets->at(bsms_attribute_index)));
@@ -164,6 +163,8 @@ class BSMAttributeEntries {
   void end_extension(InsertionIterator& iter, ClassLoaderData* loader_data, TRAPS);
   // Append all of the BSMAEs in other into this.
   void append(const BSMAttributeEntries& other, ClassLoaderData* loader_data, TRAPS);
+
+  void metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it);
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_OOPS_BSMATTRIBUTE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.cpp
index f3beb15aaee..b3ff0eb1b76 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -152,9 +152,8 @@ void ConstantPool::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
   it->push(&_tags, MetaspaceClosure::_writable);
   it->push(&_cache);
   it->push(&_pool_holder);
-  it->push(&bsm_entries().offsets());
-  it->push(&bsm_entries().bootstrap_methods());
   it->push(&_resolved_klasses, MetaspaceClosure::_writable);
+  bsm_entries().metaspace_pointers_do(it);
 
   for (int i = 0; i < length(); i++) {
     // The only MSO's embedded in the CP entries are Symbols:
@@ -2424,3 +2423,8 @@ void BSMAttributeEntries::end_extension(InsertionIterator& iter, ClassLoaderData
   _offsets = new_offsets;
   _bootstrap_methods = new_array;
 }
+
+void BSMAttributeEntries::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
+  it->push(&_offsets);
+  it->push(&_bootstrap_methods);
+}

From e8c827e40a2fe7cadd96150d3edfb02e55bdf6e3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 2026 07:22:08 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 319/707] 8387597: AwtTrayIcon::InitNID remove handling of
 ancient Windows versions

Reviewed-by: prr, lucy
---
 .../native/libawt/windows/awt_TrayIcon.cpp    | 32 ++-----------------
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_TrayIcon.cpp b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_TrayIcon.cpp
index 8b72fa7e008..4362da11c2f 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_TrayIcon.cpp
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_TrayIcon.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -185,35 +185,7 @@ AwtTrayIcon* AwtTrayIcon::Create(jobject self, jobject parent)
 
 void AwtTrayIcon::InitNID(UINT uID)
 {
-    // fix for 6271589: we MUST set the size of the structure to match
-    // the shell version, otherwise some errors may occur (like missing
-    // balloon messages on win2k)
-    DLLVERSIONINFO dllVersionInfo;
-    dllVersionInfo.cbSize = sizeof(DLLVERSIONINFO);
-    int shellVersion = 5; // WIN_2000
-    // MSDN: DllGetVersion should not be implicitly called, but rather
-    // loaded using GetProcAddress
-    HMODULE hShell = JDK_LoadSystemLibrary("Shell32.dll");
-    if (hShell != NULL) {
-        DLLGETVERSIONPROC proc = (DLLGETVERSIONPROC)GetProcAddress(hShell, "DllGetVersion");
-        if (proc != NULL) {
-            if (proc(&dllVersionInfo) == NOERROR) {
-                shellVersion = dllVersionInfo.dwMajorVersion;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    FreeLibrary(hShell);
-    switch (shellVersion) {
-        case 5: // WIN_2000
-            m_nid.cbSize = (BYTE *)(&m_nid.guidItem) - (BYTE *)(&m_nid.cbSize);
-            break;
-        case 6: // WIN_XP
-            m_nid.cbSize = (BYTE *)(&m_nid.hBalloonIcon) - (BYTE *)(&m_nid.cbSize);
-            break;
-        default: // WIN_VISTA
-            m_nid.cbSize = sizeof(m_nid);
-            break;
-    }
+    m_nid.cbSize = sizeof(m_nid);
     m_nid.hWnd = AwtTrayIcon::sm_msgWindow;
     m_nid.uID = uID;
     m_nid.uFlags = NIF_ICON | NIF_MESSAGE | NIF_TIP;

From 5428159f8856ddac220e0e970f38c1abfd9dc233 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jayathirth D V <jdv@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 2026 08:04:56 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 320/707] 8387593: Using XOR mode to clear the content leaves
 some traces in metal

Reviewed-by: aghaisas, serb, prr, avu
---
 .../java2d/metal/MTLRenderQueue.m             | 28 ++----
 .../libawt_lwawt/java2d/metal/shaders.metal   | 10 +-
 .../Graphics2D/ClearPolyLineUsingXORTest.java | 95 +++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 105 insertions(+), 28 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/java/awt/Graphics2D/ClearPolyLineUsingXORTest.java

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/macosx/native/libawt_lwawt/java2d/metal/MTLRenderQueue.m b/src/java.desktop/macosx/native/libawt_lwawt/java2d/metal/MTLRenderQueue.m
index d6edd56a5ab..6981a2345df 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/macosx/native/libawt_lwawt/java2d/metal/MTLRenderQueue.m
+++ b/src/java.desktop/macosx/native/libawt_lwawt/java2d/metal/MTLRenderQueue.m
@@ -174,35 +174,21 @@ void MTLRenderQueue_CheckPreviousOp(jint op) {
                 case sun_java2d_pipe_BufferedOpCodes_DRAW_POLY:
                 {
                     CHECK_PREVIOUS_OP(MTL_OP_OTHER);
-                    jint nPoints      = NEXT_INT(b);
-                    jboolean isClosed = NEXT_BOOLEAN(b);
-                    jint transX       = NEXT_INT(b);
-                    jint transY       = NEXT_INT(b);
-                    jint *xPoints = (jint *)b;
-                    jint *yPoints = ((jint *)b) + nPoints;
 
                     if ([mtlc useXORComposite]) {
                         commitEncodedCommands();
                         J2dTraceLn(J2D_TRACE_VERBOSE,
                                    "DRAW_POLY in XOR mode - Force commit earlier draw calls before DRAW_POLY.");
 
-                        // draw separate (N-1) lines using N points
-                        for(int point = 0; point < nPoints-1; point++) {
-                            jint x1 = xPoints[point] + transX;
-                            jint y1 = yPoints[point] + transY;
-                            jint x2 = xPoints[point + 1] + transX;
-                            jint y2 = yPoints[point + 1] + transY;
-                            MTLRenderer_DrawLine(mtlc, dstOps, x1, y1, x2, y2);
-                        }
-
-                        if (isClosed) {
-                            MTLRenderer_DrawLine(mtlc, dstOps, xPoints[0] + transX, yPoints[0] + transY,
-                                                 xPoints[nPoints-1] + transX, yPoints[nPoints-1] + transY);
-                        }
-                    } else {
-                        MTLRenderer_DrawPoly(mtlc, dstOps, nPoints, isClosed, transX, transY, xPoints, yPoints);
                     }
 
+                    jint nPoints      = NEXT_INT(b);
+                    jboolean isClosed = NEXT_BOOLEAN(b);
+                    jint transX       = NEXT_INT(b);
+                    jint transY       = NEXT_INT(b);
+                    jint *xPoints = (jint *)b;
+                    jint *yPoints = ((jint *)b) + nPoints;
+                    MTLRenderer_DrawPoly(mtlc, dstOps, nPoints, isClosed, transX, transY, xPoints, yPoints);
                     SKIP_BYTES(b, nPoints * BYTES_PER_POLY_POINT);
                     break;
                 }
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/macosx/native/libawt_lwawt/java2d/metal/shaders.metal b/src/java.desktop/macosx/native/libawt_lwawt/java2d/metal/shaders.metal
index 722506ab2c3..8718e5cac2f 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/macosx/native/libawt_lwawt/java2d/metal/shaders.metal
+++ b/src/java.desktop/macosx/native/libawt_lwawt/java2d/metal/shaders.metal
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -84,13 +84,11 @@ struct GradShaderInOut {
 struct ColShaderInOut_XOR {
     float4 position [[position]];
     float  ptSize [[point_size]];
-    float2 orig_pos;
     half4  color;
 };
 
 struct TxtShaderInOut_XOR {
     float4 position [[position]];
-    float2 orig_pos;
     float2 texCoords;
     float2 tpCoords;
 };
@@ -677,7 +675,6 @@ vertex ColShaderInOut_XOR vert_col_xorMode(VertexInput in [[stage_in]],
     float4 pos4 = float4(in.position, 0.0, 1.0);
     out.position = transform.transformMatrix*pos4;
     out.ptSize = 1.0;
-    out.orig_pos = in.position;
     out.color = half4(uniforms.color.r, uniforms.color.g, uniforms.color.b, uniforms.color.a);
     return out;
 }
@@ -685,7 +682,7 @@ vertex ColShaderInOut_XOR vert_col_xorMode(VertexInput in [[stage_in]],
 fragment half4 frag_col_xorMode(ColShaderInOut_XOR in [[stage_in]],
         texture2d<float, access::read> renderTexture [[texture(0)]])
 {
-    uint2 texCoord = {(unsigned int)(in.orig_pos.x), (unsigned int)(in.orig_pos.y)};
+    uint2 texCoord = {(unsigned int)(in.position.x), (unsigned int)(in.position.y)};
 
     float4 pixelColor = renderTexture.read(texCoord);
     half4 color = in.color;
@@ -707,7 +704,6 @@ vertex TxtShaderInOut_XOR vert_txt_xorMode(
     TxtShaderInOut_XOR out;
     float4 pos4 = float4(in.position, 0.0, 1.0);
     out.position = transform.transformMatrix*pos4;
-    out.orig_pos = in.position;
     out.texCoords = in.texCoords;
     return out;
 }
@@ -719,7 +715,7 @@ fragment half4 frag_txt_xorMode(
         constant TxtFrameUniforms& uniforms [[buffer(1)]],
         sampler textureSampler [[sampler(0)]])
 {
-    uint2 texCoord = {(unsigned int)(vert.orig_pos.x), (unsigned int)(vert.orig_pos.y)};
+    uint2 texCoord = {(unsigned int)(vert.position.x), (unsigned int)(vert.position.y)};
     float4 bgColor = backgroundTexture.read(texCoord);
 
     float4 pixelColor = renderTexture.sample(textureSampler, vert.texCoords);
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/awt/Graphics2D/ClearPolyLineUsingXORTest.java b/test/jdk/java/awt/Graphics2D/ClearPolyLineUsingXORTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7afecfdee3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/awt/Graphics2D/ClearPolyLineUsingXORTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @key     headful
+ * @bug     8387593
+ * @summary Tests that clearing a polyline using XOR mode does not
+ *          leave any traces. Using uiScale 1 helps us to
+ *          reproduce the issue.
+ * @run     main/othervm -Dsun.java2d.uiScale=1 ClearPolyLineUsingXORTest
+ */
+
+import java.awt.Color;
+import java.awt.Graphics2D;
+import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration;
+import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment;
+import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
+import java.awt.image.VolatileImage;
+
+public class ClearPolyLineUsingXORTest {
+    private static final int SIZE = 500;
+
+    private static BufferedImage clearUsingXOR(GraphicsConfiguration gc) {
+        VolatileImage vImg = gc.createCompatibleVolatileImage(SIZE, SIZE);
+        int attempt = 0;
+        while (true) {
+            if (++attempt > 10) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Unable to use VolatileImage after "
+                    + attempt + " attempts");
+            }
+
+            int status = vImg.validate(gc);
+            if (status == VolatileImage.IMAGE_INCOMPATIBLE) {
+                vImg = gc.createCompatibleVolatileImage(SIZE, SIZE);
+            }
+
+            Graphics2D g2d = vImg.createGraphics();
+            g2d.setBackground(Color.BLACK);
+            g2d.clearRect(0, 0, 500, 500);
+
+            int min = 10;
+            int max = 210;
+            int mid = 110;
+
+            int xdp[] = {min, max, min, max, min, max};
+            int ydp[] = {min, min, mid, max, max, mid};
+
+            g2d.setXORMode(Color.GREEN);
+            g2d.drawPolygon(xdp, ydp, xdp.length);
+            g2d.drawPolygon(xdp, ydp, xdp.length);
+
+            BufferedImage snapshot = vImg.getSnapshot();
+            if (vImg.contentsLost()) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            return snapshot;
+        }
+    }
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        GraphicsConfiguration gc =
+            GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment().
+                getDefaultScreenDevice().getDefaultConfiguration();
+        BufferedImage bImg = clearUsingXOR(gc);
+
+        for (int x = 0; x < SIZE; x++) {
+            for (int y = 0; y < SIZE; y++) {
+                if (bImg.getRGB(x, y) != Color.BLACK.getRGB()) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Clear using XOR is not" +
+                        " working at x: " + x + " y: " + y);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

From 3ebdb79553e0da5924965e57a327326c2760094f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 2026 11:55:28 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 321/707] 8388756: Shenandoah: Re-learning at explicit GC
 request considered harmful

Reviewed-by: kdnilsen, wkemper
---
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahHeuristics.cpp   | 4 +---
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahHeuristics.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahHeuristics.cpp
index 4dacd20d0c7..74b62003f86 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahHeuristics.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahHeuristics.cpp
@@ -290,9 +290,7 @@ void ShenandoahHeuristics::record_allocation_failure_gc() {
 }
 
 void ShenandoahHeuristics::record_requested_gc() {
-  // Assume users call System.gc() when external state changes significantly,
-  // which forces us to re-learn the GC timings and allocation rates.
-  _gc_times_learned = 0;
+  // Do nothing.
 }
 
 bool ShenandoahHeuristics::can_unload_classes() {

From 3f427133fdf66feb4139ad94f9e93c29b9e14c3c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Hagedorn <chagedorn@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 2026 14:09:55 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 322/707] 8388437: [IR Framework] Remove unused applyIfNot
 attribute in @IR

Reviewed-by: mchevalier, thartmann
---
 .../jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IR.java   | 90 ++++++++-----------
 .../jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/README.md |  2 -
 .../test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java        | 12 +--
 .../ir_framework/tests/TestBadFormat.java     | 42 +--------
 .../ir_framework/tests/TestIRMatching.java    |  8 +-
 5 files changed, 45 insertions(+), 109 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IR.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IR.java
index 96df71dacd7..3545c33820b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IR.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IR.java
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
  * To restrict the application of IR rules when certain flags are present that could change the IR, each {@code @IR}
  * annotation can specify additional preconditions on the allowed Test VM flags that must hold when an IR rule is applied.
  * If the specified preconditions fail, then the framework does not apply the IR rule. These preconditions can be
- * set with {@link #applyIf()}, {@link #applyIfNot()}, {@link #applyIfAnd()}, or {@link #applyIfOr()}.
+ * set with {@link #applyIf()}, {@link #applyIfAnd()}, or {@link #applyIfOr()}.
  * <p>
  * Examples on how to write tests with IR rules can be found in {@link ir_framework.examples.IRExample}
  * and also as part of the internal testing in {@link ir_framework.tests.TestIRMatching}.
@@ -103,94 +103,78 @@
      * with the type of the VM flag. A number based flag value can be proceeded with an additional comparator
      * ({@code =, !=, <, <=, =>, >}) where the equality operator is optional (default if no comparator is specified).
      * <p>
-     * This is the inverse of {@link #applyIfNot()}. For multiple preconditions, use {@link #applyIfAnd()} or
-     * {@link #applyIfOr()} depending on the use case.
+     * For multiple preconditions, use {@link #applyIfAnd()} or {@link #applyIfOr()} depending on the use case.
      */
     String[] applyIf() default {};
 
+
+    /**
+     * Define a list of at least two VM flag precondition which <i><b>all</b> must hold</i> when applying the IR rule.
+     * If the one of the VM flag preconditions does not hold, then the IR rule is not applied. This is useful if
+     * commonly used flags alter the IR in such a way that an IR rule would fail. This can also be defined as conjunction
+     * of preconditions.
+     * <p>
+     * A precondition is a (flag, value) string pair where the flag must be a valid VM flag and the value must conform
+     * with the type of the VM flag. A number based flag value can be proceeded with an additional comparator
+     * ({@code =, !=, <, <=, =>, >}) where the equality operator is optional (default if no comparator is specified).
+     * <p>
+     * Use  {@link #applyIfOr()} for disjunction and for single precondition constraints use {@link #applyIf()}.
+     */
+    String[] applyIfAnd() default {};
+
+    /**
+     * Define a list of at least two VM flag precondition from which <i><b>at least one</b> must hold</i> when applying
+     * the IR rule. If none of the VM flag preconditions holds, then the IR rule is not applied. This is useful if
+     * commonly used flags alter the IR in such a way that an IR rule would fail. This can also be defined as disjunction
+     * of preconditions.
+     * <p>
+     * A precondition is a (flag, value) string pair where the flag must be a valid VM flag and the value must conform
+     * with the type of the VM flag. A number based flag value can be proceeded with an additional comparator
+     * ({@code =, !=, <, <=, =>, >}) where the equality operator is optional (default if no comparator is specified).
+     * <p>
+     * Use  {@link #applyIfAnd()} for conjunction and for single precondition constraints use {@link #applyIf()}.
+     */
+    String[] applyIfOr() default {};
+
     /**
      * Accepts a single pair composed of a platform string followed by a true/false
-     * value where a true value necessitates that we are currently testing on that platform and vice-versa.
+     * value where a true value necessitates that we are currently testing on that platform and vice versa.
      * IR checks are enforced only if the specified platform constraint is met.
      */
     String[] applyIfPlatform() default {};
 
     /**
      * Accepts a list of pairs where each pair is composed of a platform string followed by a true/false
-     * value where a true value necessitates that we are currently testing on that platform and vice-versa.
+     * value where a true value necessitates that we are currently testing on that platform and vice versa.
      * IR checks are enforced only if all the specified platform constraints are met.
      */
     String[] applyIfPlatformAnd() default {};
 
     /**
      * Accepts a list of pairs where each pair is composed of a platform string followed by a true/false
-     * value where a true value necessitates that we are currently testing on that platform and vice-versa.
+     * value where a true value necessitates that we are currently testing on that platform and vice versa.
      * IR checks are enforced if any of the specified platform constraints are met.
      */
     String[] applyIfPlatformOr() default {};
 
     /**
      * Accepts a single feature pair which is composed of CPU feature string followed by a true/false
-     * value where a true value necessitates existence of CPU feature and vice-versa.
+     * value where a true value necessitates existence of CPU feature and vice versa.
      * IR verifications checks are enforced only if the specified feature constraint is met.
      */
     String[] applyIfCPUFeature() default {};
 
     /**
      * Accepts a list of feature pairs where each pair is composed of target feature string followed by a true/false
-     * value where a true value necessitates existence of target feature and vice-versa.
+     * value where a true value necessitates existence of target feature and vice versa.
      * IR verifications checks are enforced only if all the specified feature constraints are met.
      */
     String[] applyIfCPUFeatureAnd() default {};
 
      /**
      * Accepts a list of feature pairs where each pair is composed of target feature string followed by a true/false
-     * value where a true value necessitates existence of target feature and vice-versa.
+     * value where a true value necessitates existence of target feature and vice versa.
      * IR verifications checks are enforced if any of the specified feature constraint is met.
      */
     String[] applyIfCPUFeatureOr() default {};
-
-    /**
-     * Define a single VM flag precondition which <i>must <b>not</b> hold</i> when applying the IR rule. If, however,
-     * the VM flag precondition holds, then the IR rule is not applied. This could also be defined as <i>negative</i>
-     * precondition. This is useful if a commonly used flag alters the IR in such a way that an IR rule would fail.
-     * <p>
-     * The precondition is a (flag, value) string pair where the flag must be a valid VM flag and the value must conform
-     * with the type of the VM flag. A number based flag value can be proceeded with an additional comparator
-     * ({@code =, !=, <, <=, =>, >}) where the equality operator is optional (default if no comparator is specified).
-     * <p>
-     * This is the inverse of {@link #applyIf()}. For multiple preconditions, use {@link #applyIfAnd()} or
-     * {@link #applyIfOr()} depending on the use case.
-     */
-    String[] applyIfNot() default {};
-
-    /**
-     * Define a list of at least two VM flag precondition which <i><b>all</b> must hold</i> when applying the IR rule.
-     * If the one of the VM flag preconditions does not hold, then the IR rule is not applied. This is useful if
-     * commonly used flags alter the IR in such a way that an IR rule would fail. This can also be defined as conjunction
-     * of preconditions.
-     * <p>
-     * A precondition is a (flag, value) string pair where the flag must be a valid VM flag and the value must conform
-     * with the type of the VM flag. A number based flag value can be proceeded with an additional comparator
-     * ({@code =, !=, <, <=, =>, >}) where the equality operator is optional (default if no comparator is specified).
-     * <p>
-     * Use  {@link #applyIfOr()} for disjunction and for single precondition constraints use {@link #applyIf()} or
-     * {@link #applyIfNot()} depending on the use case.
-     */
-    String[] applyIfAnd() default {};
-
-    /**
-     * Define a list of at least two VM flag precondition from which <i><b>at least one</b> must hold</i> when applying
-     * the IR rule. If none of the VM flag preconditions holds, then the IR rule is not applied. This is useful if
-     * commonly used flags alter the IR in such a way that an IR rule would fail. This can also be defined as disjunction
-     * of preconditions.
-     * <p>
-     * A precondition is a (flag, value) string pair where the flag must be a valid VM flag and the value must conform
-     * with the type of the VM flag. A number based flag value can be proceeded with an additional comparator
-     * ({@code =, !=, <, <=, =>, >}) where the equality operator is optional (default if no comparator is specified).
-     * <p>
-     * Use  {@link #applyIfAnd()} for conjunction and for single precondition constraints use {@link #applyIf()} or
-     * {@link #applyIfNot()} depending on the use case.
-     */
-    String[] applyIfOr() default {};
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/README.md b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/README.md
index da59bd61b13..860e2d02969 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/README.md
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/README.md
@@ -118,8 +118,6 @@ The [@IR](./IR.java) annotation provides two kinds of checks:
 One might also want to restrict the application of certain `@IR` rules depending on the used flags in the Test VM. These could be flags defined by the user or by JTreg. In the latter case, the flags must be whitelisted in `JTREG_WHITELIST_FLAGS` in [TestFramework](./TestFramework.java) (i.e. have no unexpected impact on the IR except if the flag simulates a specific machine setup like `UseAVX={1,2,3}` etc.) to enable an IR verification by the framework. The `@IR` rules thus have an option to restrict their application:
 
 - `applyIf`: Only apply a rule if a flag has the specified value/range of values.
-- `applyIfNot`: Only apply a rule if a flag has **not** a specified value/range of values
-               (inverse of `applyIf`).
 - `applyIfAnd`: Only apply a rule if **all** flags have the specified value/range of values.
 - `applyIfOr`:  Only apply a rule if **at least one** flag has the specified value/range of values.
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java
index a4797a29dc7..71f71928442 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java
@@ -196,9 +196,6 @@ private boolean shouldApplyIrRule(IR irAnno, String m, int ruleIndex, int ruleMa
         } else if (irAnno.applyIf().length != 0 && !hasAllRequiredFlags(irAnno.applyIf(), "applyIf")) {
             printDisableReason(m, "Flag constraint not met (applyIf)", irAnno.applyIf(), ruleIndex, ruleMax);
             return false;
-        } else if (irAnno.applyIfNot().length != 0 && !hasNoRequiredFlags(irAnno.applyIfNot(), "applyIfNot")) {
-            printDisableReason(m, "Flag constraint not met (applyIfNot)", irAnno.applyIfNot(), ruleIndex, ruleMax);
-            return false;
         } else if (irAnno.applyIfAnd().length != 0 && !hasAllRequiredFlags(irAnno.applyIfAnd(), "applyIfAnd")) {
             printDisableReason(m, "Not all flag constraints are met (applyIfAnd)", irAnno.applyIfAnd(), ruleIndex, ruleMax);
             return false;
@@ -220,12 +217,12 @@ private void checkIRAnnotations(IR irAnno) {
         if (irAnno.applyIfAnd().length != 0) {
             flagConstraints++;
             TestFormat.checkNoThrow(irAnno.applyIfAnd().length > 2,
-                                    "Use applyIf or applyIfNot or at least 2 conditions for applyIfAnd" + failAt());
+                                    "Use applyIf or at least 2 conditions for applyIfAnd" + failAt());
         }
         if (irAnno.applyIfOr().length != 0) {
             flagConstraints++;
             TestFormat.checkNoThrow(irAnno.applyIfOr().length > 2,
-                                    "Use applyIf or applyIfNot or at least 2 conditions for applyIfOr" + failAt());
+                                    "Use applyIf or at least 2 conditions for applyIfOr" + failAt());
         }
         if (irAnno.applyIf().length != 0) {
             flagConstraints++;
@@ -262,11 +259,6 @@ private void checkIRAnnotations(IR irAnno) {
             TestFormat.checkNoThrow(irAnno.applyIfCPUFeatureOr().length % 2 == 0,
                                     "applyIfCPUFeatureOr expects more than one CPU feature pair" + failAt());
         }
-        if (irAnno.applyIfNot().length != 0) {
-            flagConstraints++;
-            TestFormat.checkNoThrow(irAnno.applyIfNot().length <= 2,
-                                    "Use applyIfAnd or applyIfOr or only 1 condition for applyIfNot" + failAt());
-        }
         TestFormat.checkNoThrow(flagConstraints <= 1, "Can only specify one flag constraint" + failAt());
         TestFormat.checkNoThrow(platformConstraints <= 1, "Can only specify one platform constraint" + failAt());
         TestFormat.checkNoThrow(cpuFeatureConstraints <= 1, "Can only specify one CPU feature constraint" + failAt());
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestBadFormat.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestBadFormat.java
index da8fd6489b8..effb1861196 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestBadFormat.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestBadFormat.java
@@ -844,12 +844,11 @@ public void mustSpecifyAtLeastOneConstraint2() {
     public void mustSpecifyAtLeastOneConstraint3() {
     }
 
-    @FailCount(3)
+    @FailCount(2)
     @Test
-    @IR(failOn = IRNode.CALL, applyIf = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", "50"}, applyIfNot = {"UseTLAB", "true"})
     @IR(failOn = IRNode.CALL, applyIfAnd = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", "50", "UseTLAB", "true"},
         applyIfOr = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", "50", "UseTLAB", "true"})
-    @IR(failOn = IRNode.CALL, applyIf = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", "50"}, applyIfNot = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", "50"},
+    @IR(failOn = IRNode.CALL, applyIf = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", "50"},
         applyIfAnd = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", "50", "UseTLAB", "true"},
         applyIfOr = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", "50", "UseTLAB", "true"})
     public void onlyOneApply() {}
@@ -890,43 +889,6 @@ public void applyIfEmptyValue() {}
     @IR(failOn = IRNode.CALL, applyIf = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", "<"})
     public void applyIfFaultyComparator() {}
 
-    @FailCount(3)
-    @Test
-    @IR(failOn = IRNode.CALL, applyIfNot = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", "50", "UseTLAB", "true"})
-    @IR(failOn = IRNode.CALL, applyIfNot = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", "50", "UseTLAB"})
-    public void applyIfNotTooManyFlags() {}
-
-    @FailCount(2)
-    @Test
-    @IR(failOn = IRNode.CALL, applyIfNot = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction"})
-    @IR(failOn = IRNode.CALL, applyIfNot = {"Bla"})
-    public void applyIfNotMissingValue() {}
-
-    @FailCount(2)
-    @Test
-    @IR(failOn = IRNode.CALL, applyIfNot = {"PrintIdealGraphFilee", "true"})
-    @IR(failOn = IRNode.CALL, applyIfNot = {"Bla", "foo"})
-    public void applyIfNotUnknownFlag() {}
-
-    @FailCount(5)
-    @Test
-    @IR(failOn = IRNode.CALL, applyIfNot = {"PrintIdealGraphFile", ""})
-    @IR(failOn = IRNode.CALL, applyIfNot = {"UseTLAB", ""})
-    @IR(failOn = IRNode.CALL, applyIfNot = {"", "true"})
-    @IR(failOn = IRNode.CALL, applyIfNot = {"", ""})
-    @IR(failOn = IRNode.CALL, applyIfNot = {" ", " "})
-    public void applyIfNotEmptyValue() {}
-
-    @FailCount(5)
-    @Test
-    @IR(failOn = IRNode.CALL, applyIfNot = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", "! 34"})
-    @IR(failOn = IRNode.CALL, applyIfNot = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", "!== 34"})
-    @IR(failOn = IRNode.CALL, applyIfNot = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", "<<= 34"})
-    @IR(failOn = IRNode.CALL, applyIfNot = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", "=<34"})
-    @IR(failOn = IRNode.CALL, applyIfNot = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", "<"})
-    public void applyIfNotFaultyComparator() {}
-
-
     @FailCount(2)
     @Test
     @IR(failOn = IRNode.CALL, applyIfAnd = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", "50"})
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestIRMatching.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestIRMatching.java
index cb5f43b3fb9..07fb7fb56f2 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestIRMatching.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestIRMatching.java
@@ -467,16 +467,16 @@ public void good1() {
 
     @Test
     @IR(failOn = {IRNode.STORE, IRNode.CALL})
-    @IR(applyIfNot = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", "20"}, failOn = {IRNode.ALLOC})
-    @IR(applyIfNot = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", "< 100"}, failOn = {IRNode.ALLOC_OF, "Test"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", "!= 20"}, failOn = {IRNode.ALLOC})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", ">= 100"}, failOn = {IRNode.ALLOC_OF, "Test"})
     public void good2() {
         forceInline();
     }
 
     @Test
     @IR(failOn = {IRNode.STORE_OF_CLASS, "Test", IRNode.CALL})
-    @IR(applyIfNot = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", "20"}, failOn = {IRNode.ALLOC})
-    @IR(applyIfNot = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", "< 100"}, failOn = {IRNode.ALLOC_OF, "Test"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", "!= 20"}, failOn = {IRNode.ALLOC})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"TLABRefillWasteFraction", ">= 100"}, failOn = {IRNode.ALLOC_OF, "Test"})
     public void good3() {
         forceInline();
     }

From 94cd8b6900959d668f1e696e03462e0c7d2ba82e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Hagedorn <chagedorn@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 2026 14:10:14 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 323/707] 8388432: [IR Framework] Various clean-ups in
 preparation for skipping IR tests and IR rules

Reviewed-by: mchevalier, thartmann
---
 ...ceptChildren.java => LeafMatchResult.java} |  31 ++--
 .../driver/irmatching/MatchResult.java        |  11 +-
 .../driver/irmatching/MatchableMatcher.java   |   9 +-
 .../driver/irmatching/SubResults.java         |  63 ++++++++
 .../irmatching/TestClassMatchResult.java      |  19 +--
 .../driver/irmatching/irmethod/IRMethod.java  |   9 +-
 .../irmethod/IRMethodMatchResult.java         |  23 +--
 .../irmethod/NotCompilableIRMethod.java       |   8 +-
 .../NotCompilableIRMethodMatchResult.java     |  13 +-
 .../irmethod/NotCompiledIRMethod.java         |  10 +-
 .../NotCompiledIRMethodMatchResult.java       |  15 +-
 .../irmatching/irrule/IRRuleMatchResult.java  |  24 +--
 .../CheckAttributeMatchResult.java            |  21 +--
 .../irrule/constraint/ConstraintFailure.java  |   6 +-
 .../constraint/CountsConstraintFailure.java   |   4 +-
 .../constraint/FailOnConstraintFailure.java   |   4 +-
 .../irrule/constraint/SuccessResult.java      |   6 +-
 .../phase/CompilePhaseIRRuleMatchResult.java  |  24 +--
 ...lePhaseNoCompilationIRRuleMatchResult.java |   6 +-
 .../report/CompilationOutputBuilder.java      |  57 +++-----
 .../irmatching/report/FailCountVisitor.java   |  52 ++-----
 .../report/FailureMessageBuilder.java         |  99 +++++++------
 .../visitor/MatchResultVisitor.java           | 137 ++++++++++++++++--
 .../tests/TestPhaseIRMatching.java            |  50 +++----
 24 files changed, 375 insertions(+), 326 deletions(-)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/{visitor/AcceptChildren.java => LeafMatchResult.java} (53%)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/SubResults.java

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/visitor/AcceptChildren.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/LeafMatchResult.java
similarity index 53%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/visitor/AcceptChildren.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/LeafMatchResult.java
index 7da6e10ab98..cc6e406c6e7 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/visitor/AcceptChildren.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/LeafMatchResult.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -21,31 +21,18 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
-package compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor;
-
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.MatchResult;
-
-import java.util.Collection;
-import java.util.List;
-import java.util.function.Consumer;
+package compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching;
 
 /**
- * This class invokes {@link MatchResult#accept(MatchResultVisitor)} on all failed match results (i.e. children) inside
- * a {@link MatchResult} object to visit them.
+ * This interface represents a special leaf match result that does not have any further sub results.
  */
-public class AcceptChildren implements Consumer<MatchResultVisitor> {
-    private final Collection<? extends MatchResult> matchResults;
-
-    public AcceptChildren(List<MatchResult> matchResults) {
-        this.matchResults = matchResults;
-    }
+public interface LeafMatchResult extends MatchResult {
 
+    /**
+     * A leaf result does not have sub results and thus returns an empty {@link SubResults} object.
+     */
     @Override
-    public void accept(MatchResultVisitor visitor) {
-        for (MatchResult result : matchResults) {
-            if (result.fail()) {
-                result.accept(visitor);
-            }
-        }
+    default SubResults subResults() {
+        return SubResults.createEmpty();
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/MatchResult.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/MatchResult.java
index 84a2eeb2f0e..b1bc840ce9f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/MatchResult.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/MatchResult.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,14 +23,12 @@
 
 package compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching;
 
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.AcceptChildren;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.MatchResultVisitor;
 
 /**
  * This interface is implemented by all classes which represent an IR match result of a {@link Matchable} class.
  * A match result class accepts a {@link MatchResultVisitor} to visit the result (i.e. for reporting etc.).
- * The visitor is responsible to call {@link #accept(MatchResultVisitor)} of the children match results by using
- * {@link AcceptChildren#accept(MatchResultVisitor)}.
+ * The visitor is responsible to call {@link #accept(MatchResultVisitor)} on the sub results.
  */
 public interface MatchResult {
     /**
@@ -43,4 +41,9 @@ public interface MatchResult {
      * visitor.
      */
     void accept(MatchResultVisitor visitor);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the sub results of this {@link MatchResult}.
+     */
+    SubResults subResults();
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/MatchableMatcher.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/MatchableMatcher.java
index 6992cd22184..507df546e4a 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/MatchableMatcher.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/MatchableMatcher.java
@@ -38,14 +38,11 @@ public MatchableMatcher(Collection<? extends Matchable> matchables) {
         this.matchables = matchables;
     }
 
-    public List<MatchResult> match() {
+    public SubResults match() {
         List<MatchResult> results = new ArrayList<>();
         for (Matchable matchable : matchables) {
-            MatchResult matchResult = matchable.match();
-            if (matchResult.fail()) {
-                results.add(matchResult);
-            }
+            results.add(matchable.match());
         }
-        return results;
+        return new SubResults(results);
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/SubResults.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/SubResults.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..aa144b91cb8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/SubResults.java
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching;
+
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Class to represent sub results as part of a {@link MatchResult}. A {@link LeafMatchResult} use an empty sub results
+ * object.
+ */
+public class SubResults implements Iterable<MatchResult> {
+    private final List<MatchResult> subResults;
+    private final int failCount;
+
+    public SubResults(List<MatchResult> subResults) {
+        this.failCount = (int)subResults.stream().filter(MatchResult::fail).count();
+        this.subResults = subResults;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Used for {@link LeafMatchResult} objects with no sub results.
+     */
+    public static SubResults createEmpty() {
+        return new SubResults(List.of());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Is there a sub result with a failure?
+     */
+    public boolean hasFailure() {
+        return failCount > 0;
+    }
+
+    public int failCount() {
+        return failCount;
+    }
+
+    public Iterator<MatchResult> iterator() {
+        return subResults.iterator();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/TestClassMatchResult.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/TestClassMatchResult.java
index db043643daf..8ee9bef557c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/TestClassMatchResult.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/TestClassMatchResult.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,33 +23,22 @@
 
 package compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching;
 
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.AcceptChildren;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.MatchResultVisitor;
 
-import java.util.List;
-
 /**
  * This class represents a matching result of a {@link TestClass}. It contains all IR method results, sorted by
  * method names.
  *
  * @see TestClass
  */
-public class TestClassMatchResult implements MatchResult {
-    private final AcceptChildren acceptChildren;
-    private final boolean failed;
-
-    public TestClassMatchResult(List<MatchResult> matchResults) {
-        this.acceptChildren = new AcceptChildren(matchResults);
-        this.failed = !matchResults.isEmpty();
-    }
-
+public record TestClassMatchResult(SubResults subResults) implements MatchResult {
     @Override
     public boolean fail() {
-        return failed;
+        return subResults.hasFailure();
     }
 
     @Override
     public void accept(MatchResultVisitor visitor) {
-        visitor.visitTestClass(acceptChildren);
+        visitor.visit(this);
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/IRMethod.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/IRMethod.java
index 137766b0011..fa6ea9eef50 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/IRMethod.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/IRMethod.java
@@ -26,10 +26,7 @@
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.CompilePhase;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.IR;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.Test;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.Compilation;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.MatchResult;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.Matchable;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.MatchableMatcher;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.*;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.IRRule;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.network.testvm.java.IRRuleIds;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.network.testvm.java.VMInfo;
@@ -95,10 +92,10 @@ public MatchResult match() {
         }
 
         long startTime = System.nanoTime();
-        List<MatchResult> match = matcher.match();
+        SubResults subResults = matcher.match();
         long endTime = System.nanoTime();
         long duration = (endTime - startTime);
         System.out.println("Verifying IR rules for " + name() + ": " + duration + " ns = " + (duration / 1_000_000) + " ms");
-        return new IRMethodMatchResult(method, match);
+        return new IRMethodMatchResult(method, subResults);
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/IRMethodMatchResult.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/IRMethodMatchResult.java
index 1c86f9ff1e1..dad67cd9447 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/IRMethodMatchResult.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/IRMethodMatchResult.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -24,11 +24,10 @@
 package compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irmethod;
 
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.MatchResult;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.AcceptChildren;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.SubResults;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.MatchResultVisitor;
 
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
-import java.util.List;
 
 /**
  * This class represents a matching result of an {@link IRMethod}. It contains a list of all IR rule match results
@@ -36,26 +35,14 @@
  *
  * @see IRMethod
  */
-public class IRMethodMatchResult implements MatchResult {
-    private final AcceptChildren acceptChildren;
-    private final boolean failed;
-    private final Method method;
-    private final int failedIRRules;
-
-    public IRMethodMatchResult(Method method, List<MatchResult> matchResults) {
-        this.acceptChildren = new AcceptChildren(matchResults);
-        this.failed = !matchResults.isEmpty();
-        this.method = method;
-        this.failedIRRules = matchResults.size();
-    }
-
+public record IRMethodMatchResult(Method method, SubResults subResults) implements MatchResult {
     @Override
     public boolean fail() {
-        return failed;
+        return subResults.hasFailure();
     }
 
     @Override
     public void accept(MatchResultVisitor visitor) {
-        visitor.visitIRMethod(acceptChildren, method, failedIRRules);
+        visitor.visit(this);
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/NotCompilableIRMethod.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/NotCompilableIRMethod.java
index cb99ea219fe..27b0c709e43 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/NotCompilableIRMethod.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/NotCompilableIRMethod.java
@@ -38,11 +38,11 @@
  */
 public class NotCompilableIRMethod implements IRMethodMatchable {
     private final Method method;
-    private final int ruleCount;
+    private final int irRuleCount;
 
-    public NotCompilableIRMethod(Method method, int ruleCount) {
+    public NotCompilableIRMethod(Method method, int irRuleCount) {
         this.method = method;
-        this.ruleCount = ruleCount;
+        this.irRuleCount = irRuleCount;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -55,6 +55,6 @@ public String name() {
      */
     @Override
     public NotCompilableIRMethodMatchResult match() {
-        return new NotCompilableIRMethodMatchResult(method, ruleCount);
+        return new NotCompilableIRMethodMatchResult(method, irRuleCount);
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/NotCompilableIRMethodMatchResult.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/NotCompilableIRMethodMatchResult.java
index bea8dc3ab27..01ac82a1dc5 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/NotCompilableIRMethodMatchResult.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/NotCompilableIRMethodMatchResult.java
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 package compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irmethod;
 
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.Test;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.MatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.LeafMatchResult;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.MatchResultVisitor;
 
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
@@ -37,14 +37,7 @@
  * @see NotCompilableIRMethod
  * @see Test
  */
-public class NotCompilableIRMethodMatchResult implements MatchResult {
-    private final Method method;
-    private final int failedIRRules;
-
-    public NotCompilableIRMethodMatchResult(Method method, int failedIRRules) {
-        this.method = method;
-        this.failedIRRules = failedIRRules;
-    }
+public record NotCompilableIRMethodMatchResult(Method method, int irRuleCount) implements LeafMatchResult {
 
     @Override
     public boolean fail() {
@@ -53,7 +46,7 @@ public boolean fail() {
 
     @Override
     public void accept(MatchResultVisitor visitor) {
-        visitor.visitMethodNotCompilable(method, failedIRRules);
+        visitor.visitLeaf(this);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/NotCompiledIRMethod.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/NotCompiledIRMethod.java
index c3737bc8a47..724df531a0f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/NotCompiledIRMethod.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/NotCompiledIRMethod.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2021, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -38,11 +38,11 @@
  */
 public class NotCompiledIRMethod implements IRMethodMatchable {
     private final Method method;
-    private final int ruleCount;
+    private final int irRuleCount;
 
-    public NotCompiledIRMethod(Method method, int ruleCount) {
+    public NotCompiledIRMethod(Method method, int irRuleCount) {
         this.method = method;
-        this.ruleCount = ruleCount;
+        this.irRuleCount = irRuleCount;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -55,6 +55,6 @@ public String name() {
      */
     @Override
     public NotCompiledIRMethodMatchResult match() {
-        return new NotCompiledIRMethodMatchResult(method, ruleCount);
+        return new NotCompiledIRMethodMatchResult(method, irRuleCount);
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/NotCompiledIRMethodMatchResult.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/NotCompiledIRMethodMatchResult.java
index 0f7bd576012..8c77fee8851 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/NotCompiledIRMethodMatchResult.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irmethod/NotCompiledIRMethodMatchResult.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.Run;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.RunMode;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.MatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.LeafMatchResult;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.MatchResultVisitor;
 
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
@@ -37,14 +37,7 @@
  * @see NotCompiledIRMethod
  * @see Run
  */
-public class NotCompiledIRMethodMatchResult implements MatchResult {
-    private final Method method;
-    private final int failedIRRules;
-
-    public NotCompiledIRMethodMatchResult(Method method, int failedIRRules) {
-        this.method = method;
-        this.failedIRRules = failedIRRules;
-    }
+public record NotCompiledIRMethodMatchResult(Method method, int irRuleCount) implements LeafMatchResult {
 
     @Override
     public boolean fail() {
@@ -53,7 +46,7 @@ public boolean fail() {
 
     @Override
     public void accept(MatchResultVisitor visitor) {
-        visitor.visitMethodNotCompiled(method, failedIRRules);
+        visitor.visitLeaf(this);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/IRRuleMatchResult.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/IRRuleMatchResult.java
index c031764ea84..6af09a89f69 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/IRRuleMatchResult.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/IRRuleMatchResult.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,12 +26,10 @@
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.CompilePhase;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.IR;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.MatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.SubResults;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.phase.CompilePhaseIRRuleMatchResult;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.AcceptChildren;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.MatchResultVisitor;
 
-import java.util.List;
-
 /**
  * This class represents a match result of an {@link IRRule} (applied to all compile phases specified in
  * {@link IR#phase()}). The {@link CompilePhaseIRRuleMatchResult} are kept in the definition order of the compile phases
@@ -39,26 +37,14 @@
  *
  * @see IRRule
  */
-public class IRRuleMatchResult implements MatchResult {
-    private final AcceptChildren acceptChildren;
-    private final boolean failed;
-    private final int irRuleId;
-    private final IR irAnno;
-
-    public IRRuleMatchResult(int irRuleId, IR irAnno, List<MatchResult> matchResults) {
-        this.acceptChildren = new AcceptChildren(matchResults);
-        this.failed = !matchResults.isEmpty();
-        this.irRuleId = irRuleId;
-        this.irAnno = irAnno;
-    }
-
+public record IRRuleMatchResult(int irRuleId, IR irAnno, SubResults subResults) implements MatchResult {
     @Override
     public boolean fail() {
-        return failed;
+        return subResults.hasFailure();
     }
 
     @Override
     public void accept(MatchResultVisitor visitor) {
-        visitor.visitIRRule(acceptChildren, irRuleId, irAnno);
+        visitor.visit(this);
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/checkattribute/CheckAttributeMatchResult.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/checkattribute/CheckAttributeMatchResult.java
index 77febd8dcda..b637e08117d 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/checkattribute/CheckAttributeMatchResult.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/checkattribute/CheckAttributeMatchResult.java
@@ -25,11 +25,9 @@
 
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.IR;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.MatchResult;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.AcceptChildren;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.SubResults;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.MatchResultVisitor;
 
-import java.util.List;
-
 /**
  * This class represents a match result of a {@link CheckAttribute} (i.e. either from {@link IR#failOn} or
  * {@link IR#counts}). The type of check attribute is defined by {@link CheckAttributeType}.
@@ -37,24 +35,15 @@
  * @see CheckAttribute
  * @see CheckAttributeType
  */
-public class CheckAttributeMatchResult implements MatchResult {
-    private final AcceptChildren acceptChildren;
-    private final boolean failed;
-    private final CheckAttributeType checkAttributeType;
-
-    CheckAttributeMatchResult(CheckAttributeType checkAttributeType, List<MatchResult> matchResults) {
-        this.acceptChildren = new AcceptChildren(matchResults);
-        this.failed = !matchResults.isEmpty();
-        this.checkAttributeType = checkAttributeType;
-    }
-
+public record CheckAttributeMatchResult(CheckAttributeType checkAttributeType,
+                                        SubResults subResults) implements MatchResult {
     @Override
     public boolean fail() {
-        return failed;
+        return subResults.hasFailure();
     }
 
     @Override
     public void accept(MatchResultVisitor visitor) {
-        visitor.visitCheckAttribute(acceptChildren, checkAttributeType);
+        visitor.visit(this);
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/constraint/ConstraintFailure.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/constraint/ConstraintFailure.java
index b775df7c439..c5249359e51 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/constraint/ConstraintFailure.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/constraint/ConstraintFailure.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 package compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.constraint;
 
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.MatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.LeafMatchResult;
 
 import java.util.List;
 
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
  *
  * @see Constraint
  */
-public interface ConstraintFailure extends MatchResult {
+public interface ConstraintFailure extends LeafMatchResult {
     @Override
     default boolean fail() {
         return true;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/constraint/CountsConstraintFailure.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/constraint/CountsConstraintFailure.java
index 0a955f46585..d91bae452a8 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/constraint/CountsConstraintFailure.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/constraint/CountsConstraintFailure.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -39,6 +39,6 @@ public record CountsConstraintFailure(String nodeRegex, int constraintId, List<S
                                       Comparison<Integer> comparison) implements ConstraintFailure {
     @Override
     public void accept(MatchResultVisitor visitor) {
-        visitor.visitCountsConstraint(this);
+        visitor.visitLeaf(this);
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/constraint/FailOnConstraintFailure.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/constraint/FailOnConstraintFailure.java
index bce7c418cb4..7f8cff3da5f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/constraint/FailOnConstraintFailure.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/constraint/FailOnConstraintFailure.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -43,6 +43,6 @@ public record FailOnConstraintFailure(String nodeRegex, int constraintId, List<S
 
     @Override
     public void accept(MatchResultVisitor visitor) {
-        visitor.visitFailOnConstraint(this);
+        visitor.visitLeaf(this);
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/constraint/SuccessResult.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/constraint/SuccessResult.java
index 065106d87d6..0e4d9e0079b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/constraint/SuccessResult.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/constraint/SuccessResult.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,14 +23,14 @@
 
 package compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.constraint;
 
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.MatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.LeafMatchResult;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.Matchable;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.MatchResultVisitor;
 
 /**
  * This class represents a successful match result of any {@link Matchable} object.
  */
-public class SuccessResult implements MatchResult {
+public class SuccessResult implements LeafMatchResult {
     private static final SuccessResult INSTANCE = new SuccessResult();
 
     private SuccessResult() {}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/phase/CompilePhaseIRRuleMatchResult.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/phase/CompilePhaseIRRuleMatchResult.java
index f3520f8b2e5..17c7cf46918 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/phase/CompilePhaseIRRuleMatchResult.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/phase/CompilePhaseIRRuleMatchResult.java
@@ -25,37 +25,23 @@
 
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.CompilePhase;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.MatchResult;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.AcceptChildren;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.SubResults;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.MatchResultVisitor;
 
-import java.util.List;
-
 /**
  * This class represents a match result of a {@link CompilePhaseIRRule} (i.e. an IR rule applied on a compile phase).
  *
  * @see CompilePhaseIRRule
  */
-public class CompilePhaseIRRuleMatchResult implements MatchResult {
-    private final AcceptChildren acceptChildren;
-    private final boolean failed;
-    private final CompilePhase compilePhase;
-    private final String compilationOutput;
-
-    public CompilePhaseIRRuleMatchResult(CompilePhase compilePhase, String compilationOutput,
-                                         List<MatchResult> matchResults) {
-        this.acceptChildren = new AcceptChildren(matchResults);
-        this.failed = !matchResults.isEmpty();
-        this.compilePhase = compilePhase;
-        this.compilationOutput = compilationOutput;
-    }
-
+public record CompilePhaseIRRuleMatchResult(CompilePhase compilePhase, String compilationOutput,
+                                            SubResults subResults) implements MatchResult {
     @Override
     public boolean fail() {
-        return failed;
+        return subResults.hasFailure();
     }
 
     @Override
     public void accept(MatchResultVisitor visitor) {
-        visitor.visitCompilePhaseIRRule(acceptChildren, compilePhase, compilationOutput);
+        visitor.visit(this);
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/phase/CompilePhaseNoCompilationIRRuleMatchResult.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/phase/CompilePhaseNoCompilationIRRuleMatchResult.java
index def04032240..21302cb1d70 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/phase/CompilePhaseNoCompilationIRRuleMatchResult.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/irrule/phase/CompilePhaseNoCompilationIRRuleMatchResult.java
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 package compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.phase;
 
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.CompilePhase;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.MatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.LeafMatchResult;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.MatchResultVisitor;
 
 /**
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
  *
  * @see CompilePhaseNoCompilationIRRule
  */
-public record CompilePhaseNoCompilationIRRuleMatchResult(CompilePhase compilePhase) implements MatchResult {
+public record CompilePhaseNoCompilationIRRuleMatchResult(CompilePhase compilePhase) implements LeafMatchResult {
 
     @Override
     public boolean fail() {
@@ -42,6 +42,6 @@ public boolean fail() {
 
     @Override
     public void accept(MatchResultVisitor visitor) {
-        visitor.visitNoCompilePhaseCompilation(compilePhase);
+        visitor.visitLeaf(this);
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/report/CompilationOutputBuilder.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/report/CompilationOutputBuilder.java
index 037da604f4c..87275851069 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/report/CompilationOutputBuilder.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/report/CompilationOutputBuilder.java
@@ -24,13 +24,14 @@
 package compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.report;
 
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.CompilePhase;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.IR;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.TestClassMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irmethod.IRMethodMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irmethod.NotCompilableIRMethodMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irmethod.NotCompiledIRMethodMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.phase.CompilePhaseIRRuleMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.phase.CompilePhaseNoCompilationIRRuleMatchResult;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.shared.TestFrameworkException;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.MatchResult;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.checkattribute.CheckAttributeType;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.constraint.CountsConstraintFailure;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.constraint.FailOnConstraintFailure;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.AcceptChildren;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.MatchResultVisitor;
 
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
@@ -59,8 +60,7 @@ public CompilationOutputBuilder(MatchResult testClassMatchResult) {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitTestClass(AcceptChildren acceptChildren) {
-        acceptChildren.accept(this);
+    public void leave(TestClassMatchResult matchResult) {
         StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
         builder.append("Compilation");
         if (compilePhaseCount > 1) {
@@ -77,16 +77,15 @@ public void visitTestClass(AcceptChildren acceptChildren) {
         output.insert(0, builder);
     }
 
-    private String getTitleSeparator(int failedIRMethods) {
-        int failedMethodDashes = failedIRMethods > 1 ? digitCount(failedIRMethods) + 4 : 0;
+    private String getTitleSeparator(int failedIrMethodCount) {
+        int failedMethodDashes = failedIrMethodCount > 1 ? digitCount(failedIrMethodCount) + 4 : 0;
         int compilePhaseDashes = compilePhaseCount > 1 ? digitCount(compilePhaseCount) + 4 : 0;
         return "-".repeat(28 + compilePhaseDashes + failedMethodDashes);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitIRMethod(AcceptChildren acceptChildren, Method method, int failedIRRules) {
-        acceptChildren.accept(this);
-        appendIRMethodHeader(method);
+    public void leave(IRMethodMatchResult result) {
+        appendIRMethodHeader(result.method());
         appendMatchedCompilationOutputOfPhases();
         failedCompilePhases.clear();
     }
@@ -116,33 +115,32 @@ private void appendMatchedCompilationOutputOfPhases() {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitMethodNotCompiled(Method method, int failedIRRules) {
-        appendIRMethodHeader(method);
+    public void visitLeaf(NotCompiledIRMethodMatchResult result) {
+        appendIRMethodHeader(result.method());
         compilePhaseCount++; // Count this as one phase
         output.append("<empty>").append(System.lineSeparator());
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitMethodNotCompilable(Method method, int failedIRRules) {
-        throw new TestFrameworkException("Sould not reach here");
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void visitIRRule(AcceptChildren acceptChildren, int irRuleId, IR irAnno) {
-        acceptChildren.accept(this);
+    public void visitLeaf(NotCompilableIRMethodMatchResult result) {
+        throw new TestFrameworkException("Should not reach here");
     }
 
+    /**
+     * We directly override this method to stop visiting check attribute sub results.
+     */
     @Override
-    public void visitCompilePhaseIRRule(AcceptChildren acceptChildren, CompilePhase compilePhase, String compilationOutput) {
+    public void visit(CompilePhaseIRRuleMatchResult result) {
+        CompilePhase compilePhase = result.compilePhase();
         if (!failedCompilePhases.containsKey(compilePhase)) {
-            failedCompilePhases.put(compilePhase, compilationOutput);
+            failedCompilePhases.put(compilePhase, result.compilationOutput());
             compilePhaseCount++;
         }
-        // No need to visit check attributes
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitNoCompilePhaseCompilation(CompilePhase compilePhase) {
+    public void visitLeaf(CompilePhaseNoCompilationIRRuleMatchResult result) {
+        CompilePhase compilePhase = result.compilePhase();
         if (!failedCompilePhases.containsKey(compilePhase)) {
             failedCompilePhases.put(compilePhase,
                                     "> Phase \"" + compilePhase.getName() + "\":" + System.lineSeparator() + "<empty>" +
@@ -151,15 +149,6 @@ public void visitNoCompilePhaseCompilation(CompilePhase compilePhase) {
         }
     }
 
-    @Override
-    public void visitCheckAttribute(AcceptChildren acceptChildren, CheckAttributeType checkAttributeType) {}
-
-    @Override
-    public void visitFailOnConstraint(FailOnConstraintFailure failOnConstraintFailure) {}
-
-    @Override
-    public void visitCountsConstraint(CountsConstraintFailure countsConstraintFailure) {}
-
     public String build() {
         testClassMatchResult.accept(this);
         return output.toString();
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/report/FailCountVisitor.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/report/FailCountVisitor.java
index 9d1ea6fc408..e72ae507280 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/report/FailCountVisitor.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/report/FailCountVisitor.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,16 +23,12 @@
 
 package compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.report;
 
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.CompilePhase;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.IR;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.checkattribute.CheckAttributeType;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.constraint.CountsConstraintFailure;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.constraint.FailOnConstraintFailure;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.AcceptChildren;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irmethod.IRMethodMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irmethod.NotCompilableIRMethodMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irmethod.NotCompiledIRMethodMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.IRRuleMatchResult;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.MatchResultVisitor;
 
-import java.lang.reflect.Method;
-
 /**
  * Visitor to collect the number of IR method and IR rule failures.
  */
@@ -40,54 +36,36 @@ class FailCountVisitor implements MatchResultVisitor {
     private int irMethodCount;
     private int irRuleCount;
 
-    @Override
-    public void visitTestClass(AcceptChildren acceptChildren) {
-        acceptChildren.accept(this);
-    }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitIRMethod(AcceptChildren acceptChildren, Method method, int failedIRRules) {
+    public void enter(IRMethodMatchResult result) {
         irMethodCount++;
-        acceptChildren.accept(this);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * We directly override this method to stop visiting compile phase IR rule sub results.
+     */
     @Override
-    public void visitIRRule(AcceptChildren acceptChildren, int irRuleId, IR irAnno) {
+    public void visit(IRRuleMatchResult result) {
         irRuleCount++;
-        // Do not need to visit compile phase IR rules
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitMethodNotCompiled(Method method, int failedIRRules) {
+    public void visitLeaf(NotCompiledIRMethodMatchResult result) {
         irMethodCount++;
-        irRuleCount += failedIRRules;
+        irRuleCount += result.irRuleCount();
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitMethodNotCompilable(Method method, int failedIRRules) {
+    public void visitLeaf(NotCompilableIRMethodMatchResult result) {
         irMethodCount++;
     }
 
-    public int getIrRuleCount() {
+    public int irRuleCount() {
         return irRuleCount;
     }
 
-    public int getIrMethodCount() {
+    public int irMethodCount() {
         return irMethodCount;
     }
-
-    @Override
-    public void visitCompilePhaseIRRule(AcceptChildren acceptChildren, CompilePhase compilePhase, String compilationOutput) {}
-
-    @Override
-    public void visitNoCompilePhaseCompilation(CompilePhase compilePhase) {}
-
-    @Override
-    public void visitCheckAttribute(AcceptChildren acceptChildren, CheckAttributeType checkAttributeType) {}
-
-    @Override
-    public void visitFailOnConstraint(FailOnConstraintFailure failOnConstraintFailure) {}
-
-    @Override
-    public void visitCountsConstraint(CountsConstraintFailure countsConstraintFailure) {}
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/report/FailureMessageBuilder.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/report/FailureMessageBuilder.java
index f52c5f8fb5f..e4dd98959a0 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/report/FailureMessageBuilder.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/report/FailureMessageBuilder.java
@@ -24,13 +24,19 @@
 package compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.report;
 
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.CompilePhase;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.IR;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.TestClassMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irmethod.IRMethodMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irmethod.NotCompilableIRMethodMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irmethod.NotCompiledIRMethodMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.IRRuleMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.checkattribute.CheckAttributeMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.phase.CompilePhaseIRRuleMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.phase.CompilePhaseNoCompilationIRRuleMatchResult;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.shared.TestFrameworkException;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.MatchResult;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.checkattribute.CheckAttributeType;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.constraint.CountsConstraintFailure;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.constraint.FailOnConstraintFailure;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.AcceptChildren;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.MatchResultVisitor;
 
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
@@ -50,11 +56,11 @@ public FailureMessageBuilder(MatchResult testClassMatchResult) {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitTestClass(AcceptChildren acceptChildren) {
+    public void enter(TestClassMatchResult result) {
         FailCountVisitor failCountVisitor = new FailCountVisitor();
         testClassMatchResult.accept(failCountVisitor);
-        int failedMethodCount = failCountVisitor.getIrMethodCount();
-        int failedIRRulesCount = failCountVisitor.getIrRuleCount();
+        int failedMethodCount = failCountVisitor.irMethodCount();
+        int failedIRRulesCount = failCountVisitor.irRuleCount();
         msg.append("One or more @IR rules failed:")
            .append(System.lineSeparator())
            .append(System.lineSeparator())
@@ -62,7 +68,6 @@ public void visitTestClass(AcceptChildren acceptChildren) {
            .append(")").append(System.lineSeparator())
            .append(getTitleSeparator(failedMethodCount, failedIRRulesCount))
            .append(System.lineSeparator());
-        acceptChildren.accept(this);
     }
 
     private static String getTitleSeparator(int failedMethodCount, int failedIRRulesCount) {
@@ -70,12 +75,22 @@ private static String getTitleSeparator(int failedMethodCount, int failedIRRules
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitIRMethod(AcceptChildren acceptChildren, Method method, int failedIRRules) {
-        appendIRMethodHeader(method, failedIRRules);
-        acceptChildren.accept(this);
+    public void enter(IRMethodMatchResult result) {
+        appendIRMethodHeader(result.method(), result.subResults().failCount());
     }
 
-    private void appendIRMethodHeader(Method method, int failedIRRules) {
+    @Override
+    public void visitLeaf(NotCompiledIRMethodMatchResult result) {
+        appendIRMethodHeader(result.method(), result.irRuleCount());
+        indentation.add();
+        msg.append(indentation)
+           .append("* Method was not compiled. Did you specify a @Run method in STANDALONE mode? In this case, make " +
+                   "sure to always trigger a C2 compilation by invoking the test enough times.")
+           .append(System.lineSeparator());
+        indentation.sub();
+    }
+
+    private void appendIRMethodHeader(Method method, int failedIrRuleCount) {
         methodIndex++;
         indentation = new Indentation(digitCount(methodIndex));
         if (methodIndex > 1) {
@@ -84,52 +99,42 @@ private void appendIRMethodHeader(Method method, int failedIRRules) {
         msg.append(methodIndex).append(") ");
         msg.append("Method \"")
            .append(method.getDeclaringClass().getTypeName()).append("::").append(method.getName())
-           .append("\" - [Failed IR rules: ").append(failedIRRules).append("]:")
+           .append("\" - [Failed IR rules: ").append(failedIrRuleCount).append("]:")
            .append(System.lineSeparator());
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitMethodNotCompiled(Method method, int failedIRRules) {
-        appendIRMethodHeader(method, failedIRRules);
-        indentation.add();
-        msg.append(indentation)
-           .append("* Method was not compiled. Did you specify a @Run method in STANDALONE mode? In this case, make " +
-                   "sure to always trigger a C2 compilation by invoking the test enough times.")
-           .append(System.lineSeparator());
-        indentation.sub();
+    public void visitLeaf(NotCompilableIRMethodMatchResult result) {
+        throw new TestFrameworkException("Should not reach here");
     }
 
-    public void visitMethodNotCompilable(Method method, int failedIRRules) {
-        throw new TestFrameworkException("Sould not reach here");
+    @Override
+    public void enter(IRRuleMatchResult result) {
+        indentation.add();
+        msg.append(indentation).append("* @IR rule ").append(result.irRuleId()).append(": \"")
+           .append(result.irAnno()).append("\"").append(System.lineSeparator());
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitIRRule(AcceptChildren acceptChildren, int irRuleId, IR irAnno) {
-        indentation.add();
-        msg.append(indentation).append("* @IR rule ").append(irRuleId).append(": \"")
-           .append(irAnno).append("\"").append(System.lineSeparator());
-        acceptChildren.accept(this);
+    public void leave(IRRuleMatchResult result) {
         indentation.sub();
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitCompilePhaseIRRule(AcceptChildren acceptChildren, CompilePhase compilePhase, String compilationOutput) {
+    public void enter(CompilePhaseIRRuleMatchResult result) {
         indentation.add();
-        appendCompilePhaseIRRule(compilePhase);
-        acceptChildren.accept(this);
-        indentation.sub();
+        appendCompilePhaseIRRule(result.compilePhase());
     }
 
-    private void appendCompilePhaseIRRule(CompilePhase compilePhase) {
-        msg.append(indentation)
-           .append("> Phase \"").append(compilePhase.getName()).append("\":")
-           .append(System.lineSeparator());
+    @Override
+    public void leave(CompilePhaseIRRuleMatchResult result) {
+        indentation.sub();
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitNoCompilePhaseCompilation(CompilePhase compilePhase) {
+    public void visitLeaf(CompilePhaseNoCompilationIRRuleMatchResult result) {
         indentation.add();
-        appendCompilePhaseIRRule(compilePhase);
+        appendCompilePhaseIRRule(result.compilePhase());
         indentation.add();
         msg.append(indentation)
            .append("- NO compilation output found for this phase! Make sure this phase is emitted or remove it from ")
@@ -139,8 +144,15 @@ public void visitNoCompilePhaseCompilation(CompilePhase compilePhase) {
         indentation.sub();
     }
 
+    private void appendCompilePhaseIRRule(CompilePhase compilePhase) {
+        msg.append(indentation)
+           .append("> Phase \"").append(compilePhase.getName()).append("\":")
+           .append(System.lineSeparator());
+    }
+
     @Override
-    public void visitCheckAttribute(AcceptChildren acceptChildren, CheckAttributeType checkAttributeType) {
+    public void enter(CheckAttributeMatchResult result) {
+        CheckAttributeType checkAttributeType = result.checkAttributeType();
         indentation.add();
         String checkAttributeFailureMsg;
         switch (checkAttributeType) {
@@ -151,15 +163,18 @@ public void visitCheckAttribute(AcceptChildren acceptChildren, CheckAttributeTyp
         }
         msg.append(indentation).append("- ").append(checkAttributeFailureMsg)
            .append(":").append(System.lineSeparator());
-        acceptChildren.accept(this);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void leave(CheckAttributeMatchResult result) {
         indentation.sub();
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitFailOnConstraint(FailOnConstraintFailure matchResult) {
+    public void visitLeaf(FailOnConstraintFailure result) {
         indentation.add();
         ConstraintFailureMessageBuilder constrainFailureMessageBuilder =
-                new ConstraintFailureMessageBuilder(matchResult, indentation);
+                new ConstraintFailureMessageBuilder(result, indentation);
         String failureMessage = constrainFailureMessageBuilder.buildConstraintHeader() +
                                 constrainFailureMessageBuilder.buildMatchedNodesMessage("Matched forbidden");
         msg.append(failureMessage);
@@ -167,9 +182,9 @@ public void visitFailOnConstraint(FailOnConstraintFailure matchResult) {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitCountsConstraint(CountsConstraintFailure matchResult) {
+    public void visitLeaf(CountsConstraintFailure result) {
         indentation.add();
-        msg.append(new CountsConstraintFailureMessageBuilder(matchResult, indentation).build());
+        msg.append(new CountsConstraintFailureMessageBuilder(result, indentation).build());
         indentation.sub();
     }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/visitor/MatchResultVisitor.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/visitor/MatchResultVisitor.java
index 8191cfd55c0..87073a27d0e 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/visitor/MatchResultVisitor.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/irmatching/visitor/MatchResultVisitor.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,28 +23,133 @@
 
 package compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor;
 
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.CompilePhase;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.IR;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.LeafMatchResult;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.MatchResult;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.checkattribute.CheckAttributeType;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.TestClassMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irmethod.IRMethodMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irmethod.NotCompilableIRMethodMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irmethod.NotCompiledIRMethodMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.IRRuleMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.checkattribute.CheckAttributeMatchResult;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.constraint.CountsConstraintFailure;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.constraint.FailOnConstraintFailure;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.phase.CompilePhaseIRRuleMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.phase.CompilePhaseNoCompilationIRRuleMatchResult;
 
-import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
 
 /**
  * This interface specifies visit methods for each {@link MatchResult} class must be implemented a by a concrete visitor.
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * There are two kinds of visits:
+ *
+ * <ol>
+ *   <li>
+ *     {@link #visit} on {@link MatchResult}s that can have one or more sub results. This interface provides the following
+ *     default implementation for them (directly override this method when you do not want to visit sub results later):
+ *     <ol>
+ *       <li>
+ *         {@link #enter}: First called to visit the current {@link MatchResult} before visiting sub results. Override
+ *                         this method to specify behavior at this stage. Afterward, the sub results will be visited.
+ *                         By default, this method does nothing.
+ *       </li>
+ *       <li>
+ *         {@link #visitSubResults}: Called after {@link #enter} to visit the sub results. This should not be overridden.
+ *       </li>
+ *       <li>
+ *         {@link #leave}: After visiting the sub results, this method is called to visit the current {@link MatchResult}
+ *                         again to do some post work. Override this method to specify behavior at this stage.
+ *                         By default, this method does nothing.
+ *       </li>
+ *     </ol>
+ *   </li>
+ *   <li>
+ *     {@link #visitLeaf} on {@link LeafMatchResult}s that do not have any sub results. This interface provides
+ *     an empty default implementation. Override {@link #visitLeaf} to specify a different behavior.
+ *   </li>
+ * </ol>
  */
 public interface MatchResultVisitor {
-    void visitTestClass(AcceptChildren acceptChildren);
-    void visitIRMethod(AcceptChildren acceptChildren, Method method, int failedIRRules);
-    void visitMethodNotCompiled(Method method, int failedIRRules);
-    void visitMethodNotCompilable(Method method, int failedIRRules);
-    void visitIRRule(AcceptChildren acceptChildren, int irRuleId, IR irAnno);
-    void visitCompilePhaseIRRule(AcceptChildren acceptChildren, CompilePhase compilePhase, String compilationOutput);
-    void visitNoCompilePhaseCompilation(CompilePhase compilePhase);
-    void visitCheckAttribute(AcceptChildren acceptChildren, CheckAttributeType checkAttributeType);
-    void visitFailOnConstraint(FailOnConstraintFailure failOnConstraintFailure);
-    void visitCountsConstraint(CountsConstraintFailure countsConstraintFailure);
-}
 
+    /**
+     * Should a result be visited? By default, we only visit failing results. Override this method to change this behavior.
+     */
+    default boolean shouldVisit(MatchResult result) {
+        return result.fail();
+    }
+
+    default void visit(TestClassMatchResult result) {
+        doVisit(result, this::enter, this::leave);
+    }
+
+    default void enter(TestClassMatchResult result) {}
+    default void leave(TestClassMatchResult result) {}
+
+    default void visit(IRMethodMatchResult result) {
+        doVisit(result, this::enter, this::leave);
+    }
+
+    default void enter(IRMethodMatchResult result) {}
+    default void leave(IRMethodMatchResult result) {}
+
+    default void visit(IRRuleMatchResult result) {
+        doVisit(result, this::enter, this::leave);
+    }
+
+    default void enter(IRRuleMatchResult result) {}
+    default void leave(IRRuleMatchResult result) {}
+
+    default void visit(CompilePhaseIRRuleMatchResult result) {
+        doVisit(result, this::enter, this::leave);
+    }
+
+    default void enter(CompilePhaseIRRuleMatchResult result) {}
+    default void leave(CompilePhaseIRRuleMatchResult result) {}
+
+    default void visit(CheckAttributeMatchResult result) {
+        doVisit(result, this::enter, this::leave);
+    }
+
+    default void enter(CheckAttributeMatchResult result) {}
+    default void leave(CheckAttributeMatchResult result) {}
+
+    /**
+     * Default visit when {@link #visit} is not overridden.
+     *
+     * <p>
+     * Note: Do not override this method.
+     */
+    default <R extends MatchResult> void doVisit(R result, Consumer<R> enter, Consumer<R> leave) {
+        if (!shouldVisit(result)) {
+            return;
+        }
+        enter.accept(result);
+        visitSubResults(result);
+        leave.accept(result);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Visit children of {@code result}. This is called when {@link #visit} is not overridden.
+     *
+     * <p>
+     * Note: Do not override this method.
+     */
+    default void visitSubResults(MatchResult result) {
+        for (MatchResult subResult : result.subResults()) {
+            if (shouldVisit(subResult)) {
+                subResult.accept(this);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Visit methods for LeafMatchResults without sub results.
+     */
+
+    default void visitLeaf(CompilePhaseNoCompilationIRRuleMatchResult result) {}
+    default void visitLeaf(NotCompiledIRMethodMatchResult result) {}
+    default void visitLeaf(NotCompilableIRMethodMatchResult result) {}
+    default void visitLeaf(FailOnConstraintFailure result) {}
+    default void visitLeaf(CountsConstraintFailure result) {}
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestPhaseIRMatching.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestPhaseIRMatching.java
index 8bec7c03bfe..c95f749afdf 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestPhaseIRMatching.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestPhaseIRMatching.java
@@ -28,11 +28,16 @@
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.TestVMProcess;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.MatchResult;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.Matchable;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irmethod.IRMethodMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irmethod.NotCompilableIRMethodMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irmethod.NotCompiledIRMethodMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.IRRuleMatchResult;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.checkattribute.CheckAttributeType;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.constraint.CountsConstraintFailure;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.constraint.FailOnConstraintFailure;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.phase.CompilePhaseIRRuleMatchResult;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.irrule.phase.CompilePhaseNoCompilationIRRuleMatchResult;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.parser.TestClassParser;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.AcceptChildren;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.irmatching.visitor.MatchResultVisitor;
 import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
 
@@ -406,59 +411,46 @@ public List<Failure> build(MatchResult testClassResult) {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitTestClass(AcceptChildren acceptChildren) {
-        acceptChildren.accept(this);
+    public void enter(IRMethodMatchResult result) {
+        methodName = result.method().getName();
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitIRMethod(AcceptChildren acceptChildren, Method method, int failedIRRules) {
-        methodName = method.getName();
-        acceptChildren.accept(this);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void visitMethodNotCompiled(Method method, int failedIRRules) {
-        methodName = method.getName();
+    public void visitLeaf(NotCompiledIRMethodMatchResult result) {
+        methodName = result.method().getName();
         failures.add(new Failure(methodName, -1, CompilePhase.DEFAULT, CheckAttributeType.FAIL_ON, -1));
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitMethodNotCompilable(Method method, int failedIRRules) {
+    public void visitLeaf(NotCompilableIRMethodMatchResult result) {
         throw new RuntimeException("No test should bailout from compilation");
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitIRRule(AcceptChildren acceptChildren, int irRuleId, IR irAnno) {
-        ruleId = irRuleId;
-        acceptChildren.accept(this);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void visitCompilePhaseIRRule(AcceptChildren acceptChildren, CompilePhase compilePhase, String compilationOutput) {
-        this.compilePhase = compilePhase;
-        acceptChildren.accept(this);
+    public void enter(IRRuleMatchResult result) {
+        ruleId = result.irRuleId();
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitNoCompilePhaseCompilation(CompilePhase compilePhase) {
-        failures.add(new Failure(methodName, ruleId, compilePhase, CheckAttributeType.FAIL_ON, -1));
+    public void enter(CompilePhaseIRRuleMatchResult result) {
+        this.compilePhase = result.compilePhase();
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitCheckAttribute(AcceptChildren acceptChildren, CheckAttributeType checkAttributeType) {
-        acceptChildren.accept(this);
+    public void visitLeaf(CompilePhaseNoCompilationIRRuleMatchResult result) {
+        failures.add(new Failure(methodName, ruleId, result.compilePhase(), CheckAttributeType.FAIL_ON, -1));
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitFailOnConstraint(FailOnConstraintFailure matchResult) {
+    public void visitLeaf(FailOnConstraintFailure result) {
         failures.add(new Failure(methodName, ruleId, compilePhase, CheckAttributeType.FAIL_ON,
-                                 matchResult.constraintId()));
+                                 result.constraintId()));
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visitCountsConstraint(CountsConstraintFailure matchResult) {
+    public void visitLeaf(CountsConstraintFailure result) {
         failures.add(new Failure(methodName, ruleId, compilePhase, CheckAttributeType.COUNTS,
-                                 matchResult.constraintId()));
+                                 result.constraintId()));
     }
 }
 

From 2c9a99a9319795ef346722d3368dd997dc6cc4bd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Kelvin Nilsen <kdnilsen@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 2026 15:25:58 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 324/707] 8382085: [shenandoah] Cannot transfer regions that
 are affiliated - assertion

Reviewed-by: wkemper, ruili, xpeng
---
 .../shenandoahGenerationalFullGC.cpp          |   6 +-
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp    |   9 +-
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp |   7 +-
 .../TestTransferOfAffiliated.java             | 229 ++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 245 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/generational/TestTransferOfAffiliated.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalFullGC.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalFullGC.cpp
index f2411702e35..32345375683 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalFullGC.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalFullGC.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -157,7 +157,9 @@ void ShenandoahGenerationalFullGC::compute_balances() {
   // Invoke this in case we are able to transfer memory from OLD to YOUNG
   size_t allocation_runway =
     heap->young_generation()->heuristics()->bytes_of_allocation_runway_before_gc_trigger(0L);
-  heap->compute_old_generation_balance(allocation_runway, 0, 0);
+  size_t max_transfer = MIN2(allocation_runway,
+                             heap->young_generation()->free_unaffiliated_regions() * ShenandoahHeapRegion::region_size_bytes());
+  heap->compute_old_generation_balance(max_transfer, 0, 0);
 }
 
 ShenandoahPrepareForGenerationalCompactionObjectClosure::ShenandoahPrepareForGenerationalCompactionObjectClosure(PreservedMarks* preserved_marks,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp
index 84add03f1ba..860988a2d7f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp
@@ -448,7 +448,9 @@ jint ShenandoahHeap::initialize() {
       //  gen_heap->young_generation()->heuristics()->bytes_of_allocation_runway_before_gc_trigger(young_cset_regions)
       // until after the heap is fully initialized.  So we make up a safe value here.
       size_t allocation_runway = InitialHeapSize / 2;
-      gen_heap->compute_old_generation_balance(allocation_runway, old_trashed_regions, young_trashed_regions);
+      // We're initializing the heap.  All regions within young are initially empty.
+      size_t max_transfer = allocation_runway;
+      gen_heap->compute_old_generation_balance(max_transfer, old_trashed_regions, young_trashed_regions);
     }
     _free_set->finish_rebuild(young_trashed_regions, old_trashed_regions, num_old);
   }
@@ -2643,7 +2645,10 @@ void ShenandoahHeap::rebuild_free_set_within_phase() {
     ShenandoahGenerationalHeap* gen_heap = ShenandoahGenerationalHeap::heap();
     size_t allocation_runway =
       gen_heap->young_generation()->heuristics()->bytes_of_allocation_runway_before_gc_trigger(young_trashed_regions);
-    gen_heap->compute_old_generation_balance(allocation_runway, old_trashed_regions, young_trashed_regions);
+    size_t max_transfer = MIN2(allocation_runway,
+                               (gen_heap->young_generation()->free_unaffiliated_regions() + young_trashed_regions) *
+                               ShenandoahHeapRegion::region_size_bytes());
+    gen_heap->compute_old_generation_balance(max_transfer, old_trashed_regions, young_trashed_regions);
   }
   // Rebuild free set based on adjusted generation sizes.
   _free_set->finish_rebuild(young_trashed_regions, old_trashed_regions, old_region_count);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp
index c92f74364fb..0f01795bb4c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 
 /*
  * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -491,7 +491,10 @@ void ShenandoahOldGeneration::prepare_regions_and_collection_set(bool concurrent
     ShenandoahGenerationalHeap* gen_heap = ShenandoahGenerationalHeap::heap();
     size_t allocation_runway =
       gen_heap->young_generation()->heuristics()->bytes_of_allocation_runway_before_gc_trigger(young_trash_regions);
-    gen_heap->compute_old_generation_balance(allocation_runway, old_trash_regions, young_trash_regions);
+    size_t max_transfer = MIN2(allocation_runway,
+                               (gen_heap->young_generation()->free_unaffiliated_regions() + young_trash_regions) *
+                               ShenandoahHeapRegion::region_size_bytes());
+    gen_heap->compute_old_generation_balance(max_transfer, old_trash_regions, young_trash_regions);
     heap->free_set()->finish_rebuild(young_trash_regions, old_trash_regions, num_old);
   }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/generational/TestTransferOfAffiliated.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/generational/TestTransferOfAffiliated.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..857dfc1d1eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/generational/TestTransferOfAffiliated.java
@@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+package gc.shenandoah.generational;
+/*
+ * @test id=generational
+ * @summary Test that we do not attempt to transfer to the old
+ * generation regions that are affiliated with young
+ * @bug 8382085
+ * @key stress
+ * @requires vm.gc.Shenandoah
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @requires os.maxMemory >= 2g
+ * @library /test/lib
+ *
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=960 -Xms1g -Xmx1g
+ *     -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *     -XX:ShenandoahRegionSize=512K
+ *     -XX:+AlwaysPreTouch
+ *     -XX:+UseShenandoahGC
+ *     -XX:ShenandoahGCMode=generational
+ *     -XX:ShenandoahMinFreeThreshold=5
+ *     -XX:ShenandoahGuaranteedYoungGCInterval=0
+ *     -XX:ShenandoahGuaranteedOldGCInterval=0
+ *     -XX:ShenandoahOldEvacPercent=95
+ *     -XX:ShenandoahPromoEvacWaste=3.0
+ *     gc.shenandoah.generational.TestTransferOfAffiliated
+ */
+
+import java.util.Random;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestTransferOfAffiliated {
+    // Heap size is 1 GB.  HeapRegionSize is 512KB of memory.
+    // Note: 512KB/region * 2048 regions = 1 GB.
+    //
+    // Size calculations below ignore the overhead of array headers,
+    // except to acknowledge that array header causes that only 1
+    // inner array fits per heap region.  Size calculations also
+    // assume the rootArray is negligible.
+    private static Integer[][] rootArray;
+
+    // Each inner array spans 256K of memory plus a small number of
+    // bytes for the array header. Only 1 inner array fits within each
+    // HeapRegion, causing a large amount of fragmentation. The number
+    // of elements in an array is 256K divided by 4 bytes per
+    // (compressed) oop
+    private static final int INNER_ARRAY_SLOTS = (256 * 1024) / 4;
+
+    // Integer objects are referenced from the inner array. We want
+    // each InnerArray to consume a full HeapRegion after we account
+    // for the InnerIntegers referenced from the array. We cannot fill
+    // the entire array as that would consume more than a HeapRegion's
+    // worth of memory. We assign Integer objects to random elements
+    // of the inner array. In the case that two Integer objects are
+    // randomly assigned to the same array element, one of the two
+    // will immediately become garbage. The expectation is that the
+    // rare collision on array slots is sufficient to allow the
+    // "Inner Array", including its array header and all of its
+    // Integer elements to pack within a single heap region.
+    //
+    //  Assume each Integer object consists of 4 bytes for int value,
+    // plus 8 bytes for compressed Lilliput 1 header, plus 4 bytes for
+    // alignment.  Alternatively, if we don't use Lilliput 1, each
+    // Integer consumes the same 16 bytes: 12 bytes for non-compact
+    // object header plus 4 bytes for int value.
+    //
+    //  The number of InnerIntegers for each InnerArray is 256K (half
+    // the region size) / 16 bytes / Integer
+    private static final int INNER_INTEGERS = (256 * 1024) / 16;
+
+    // Assume heap size is 1 GB. We want to consume approximately
+    // 384MB of live data.  Each InnerArray, including its referenced
+    // Integer objects, consumes approximately 512KB.  768 array
+    // elements * 512KB/array element = 384MB.
+    private static final int OUTER_ARRAY_SLOTS = 768;
+
+    private static final Random r = new Random(42);
+
+    private static int absolute(int arg) {
+        if (arg < 0) {
+            arg = -arg;
+        }
+        if (arg < 0) {
+            // negative of Integer.min_value EQUALS Integer.MIN_VALUE
+            arg = 0;
+        }
+        return arg;
+    }
+
+    private static int truncateAbsolute(int i) {
+        return absolute(i) % INNER_ARRAY_SLOTS;
+    }
+
+    private static long cpuIntensive(int n) {
+        long result = 1;
+        while (n >= 4) {
+            // arithmetic may overflow
+            result *= n;
+            n /= 4;
+        }
+        if (n > 0) {
+            result *= n;
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private static Integer[] allocateEmptyInnerArray() {
+        Integer[] result = new Integer[INNER_ARRAY_SLOTS];
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private static void fillArrayIntegersWithProbe(Integer[] array,
+                                                  int spotCheckCount) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < INNER_INTEGERS; i++) {
+            int index = truncateAbsolute(r.nextInt());
+            int newValue = absolute(r.nextInt());
+            long newValueCPUIntensive = cpuIntensive(newValue);
+            boolean rejectThisValue = false;
+            // We just do a "spot check", because it consumes too much
+            // CPU time if we check all previous values.
+            for (int j = 0; j < spotCheckCount; j++) {
+                int spotIndex = truncateAbsolute(r.nextInt());
+                if ((array[spotIndex] != null) &&
+                    (newValueCPUIntensive ==
+                     cpuIntensive(array[spotIndex].intValue()))) {
+                    rejectThisValue = true;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            if (rejectThisValue) {
+                i--;
+            } else {
+                // The same index value may be randomly generated
+                // multiple times, resulting in overwrite and garbage.
+                array[index] = Integer.valueOf(newValue);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // How much memory is represented by this array?
+    private static long doInventory(Integer[] array) {
+        int integerCount = 0;
+        if (array != null) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < INNER_ARRAY_SLOTS; i++) {
+                if (array[i] != null) {
+                    integerCount++;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (array == null) {
+            return 0;
+        } else {
+            return (INNER_ARRAY_SLOTS * 4L) + 16 + integerCount * 16L;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        rootArray = new Integer[OUTER_ARRAY_SLOTS][];
+        long accumulator = 0;
+
+        // Fragment young, slowly so we don't do GC cycles here. We
+        // want the fragmented memory to accumulate in young.
+        // We don't want this memory to get promoted until last
+        // possible moment.
+        for (int index = 0; index < OUTER_ARRAY_SLOTS; index++) {
+            rootArray[index] = allocateEmptyInnerArray();
+            // Accumulate results to slow the allocation, so we have
+            // rare GC, long allocation runway.
+            accumulator += doInventory(rootArray[index]);
+            int inventoryIndex =
+                (index + OUTER_ARRAY_SLOTS - 16) % OUTER_ARRAY_SLOTS;
+            accumulator += doInventory(rootArray[inventoryIndex]);
+            inventoryIndex =
+                (index + OUTER_ARRAY_SLOTS - 32) % OUTER_ARRAY_SLOTS;
+            accumulator += doInventory(rootArray[inventoryIndex]);
+            inventoryIndex =
+                (index + OUTER_ARRAY_SLOTS - 64) % OUTER_ARRAY_SLOTS;
+            accumulator += doInventory(rootArray[inventoryIndex]);
+        }
+
+        // Fill the arrays slowly. We do this as slowly as possible to
+        // maximize allocation runway, separate GC cycles, accumulate
+        // promo potential. We want a big promo potential when we have
+        // highly fragmented young memory. This big promo potential
+        // must be paired with a large runway.
+        for (int j = 0; j < OUTER_ARRAY_SLOTS; j++) {
+            if (rootArray[j] != null) {
+                fillArrayIntegersWithProbe(rootArray[j], 2048);
+                accumulator += doInventory(rootArray[j]);
+            }
+        }
+        // The following assert simply confirms that the program ran
+        // correctly and prevents optimizers from removing what might
+        // appear to be dead code in the loops above. The
+        // expected regression failure consists of an assert failure
+        // observed with fast-debug builds of the JVM before resolution
+        // of JDK-8382085. The expected value of accumulator is
+        // determined empirically. The value may depend on the initial
+        // seed for random number generator and on various constants
+        // defined above which determine loop iterations.
+        Asserts.assertNotEquals(0L, accumulator,
+                                "Proper execution is demonstrated by matching " +
+                                "expected accumulator value with no JVM " +
+                                "assert failures");
+    }
+}

From 30471d74345d406ce78e2ecbe5cda0d8bfdba3bf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Justin Lu <jlu@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 2026 16:14:36 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 325/707] 8388507: DecimalFormat Strict Parsing NaN and
 Grouping Size Zero Fixes

Reviewed-by: naoto
---
 .../classes/java/text/DecimalFormat.java      | 52 +++++++++++++------
 .../Format/NumberFormat/LenientParseTest.java | 10 +++-
 .../Format/NumberFormat/StrictParseTest.java  | 18 +++++--
 3 files changed, 59 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/text/DecimalFormat.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/text/DecimalFormat.java
index c803a97ad86..7d8297f42bc 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/text/DecimalFormat.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/text/DecimalFormat.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@
  *          <td>{@link DecimalFormatSymbols#getExponentSeparator()}
  *          <td>Number
  *          <td>Separates mantissa and exponent in scientific notation. This value
- *              is case sensistive. <em>Need not be quoted in prefix or suffix.</em>
+ *              is case sensitive. <em>Need not be quoted in prefix or suffix.</em>
  *     <tr>
  *          <th scope="row">{@code ;}
  *          <td>{@link DecimalFormatSymbols#getPatternSeparator()}
@@ -2059,8 +2059,7 @@ void subformatNumber(StringBuf result, FieldDelegate delegate,
                 // Output grouping separator if necessary.  Don't output a
                 // grouping separator if i==0 though; that's at the end of
                 // the integer part.
-                if (isGroupingUsed() && i>0 && (groupingSize != 0) &&
-                        (i % groupingSize == 0)) {
+                if (isGroupingEnabled() && i > 0 && i % groupingSize == 0) {
                     int gStart = result.length();
                     result.append(grouping);
                     delegate.formatted(Field.GROUPING_SEPARATOR,
@@ -2242,8 +2241,14 @@ private void append(StringBuf result, String string,
     public Number parse(String text, ParsePosition pos) {
         // special case NaN
         if (text.regionMatches(pos.index, symbols.getNaN(), 0, symbols.getNaN().length())) {
-            pos.index = pos.index + symbols.getNaN().length();
-            return Double.valueOf(Double.NaN);
+            var nanEnd = pos.index + symbols.getNaN().length();
+            // When strict, parsing NaN must be exact
+            if (parseStrict && nanEnd != text.length()) {
+                pos.errorIndex = nanEnd;
+                return null;
+            }
+            pos.index = nanEnd;
+            return Double.NaN;
         }
 
         boolean[] status = new boolean[STATUS_LENGTH];
@@ -2568,7 +2573,8 @@ NumericPosition subparseNumber(String text, int position,
                 }
 
                 // Enforce the grouping size on the first group
-                if (parseStrict && isGroupingUsed() && position == startPos + groupingSize
+                if (parseStrict && isGroupingEnabled()
+                        && position == startPos + groupingSize
                         && prevSeparatorIndex == -groupingSize && !sawDecimal
                         && digit >= 0 && digit <= 9) {
                     return new NumericPosition(position, intIndex);
@@ -2612,7 +2618,8 @@ NumericPosition subparseNumber(String text, int position,
                         return new NumericPosition(-1, intIndex);
                     }
                     // Check grouping size on decimal separator
-                    if (parseStrict && isGroupingViolation(position, prevSeparatorIndex)) {
+                    if (parseStrict && isGroupingEnabled()
+                            && isGroupingViolation(position, prevSeparatorIndex)) {
                         return new NumericPosition(
                                 groupingViolationIndex(position, prevSeparatorIndex), intIndex);
                     }
@@ -2624,7 +2631,8 @@ NumericPosition subparseNumber(String text, int position,
                     intIndex = position;
                     digits.decimalAt = digitCount; // Not digits.count!
                     sawDecimal = true;
-                } else if (!isExponent && ch == grouping && isGroupingUsed()) {
+                } else if (!isExponent && ch == grouping &&
+                        (parseStrict ? isGroupingEnabled() : isGroupingUsed())) {
                     if (parseStrict) {
                         // text should not start with grouping when strict
                         if (position == startPos) {
@@ -2679,10 +2687,11 @@ NumericPosition subparseNumber(String text, int position,
             // (When strict), within the loop we enforce grouping when encountering
             // decimal/grouping symbols. Once outside loop, we need to check
             // the final grouping, ex: "1,234". Only check the final grouping
-            // if we have not seen a decimal separator, to prevent a non needed check,
-            // for ex: "1,234.", "1,234.12"
+            // if we have not seen a decimal separator, to prevent a grouping check in the
+            // fraction portion for ex: "1,234.", "1,234.12"
             if (parseStrict) {
-                if (!sawDecimal && isGroupingViolation(position, prevSeparatorIndex)) {
+                if (!sawDecimal && isGroupingEnabled()
+                        && isGroupingViolation(position, prevSeparatorIndex)) {
                     // -1, since position is incremented by one too many when loop is finished
                     // "1,234%" and "1,234" both end with pos = 5, since '%' breaks
                     // the loop before incrementing position. In both cases, check
@@ -2743,12 +2752,23 @@ private int shiftDecimalAt(int decimalAt, long exponent) {
         return decimalAt;
     }
 
+    /*
+     * DecimalFormat defines both setGroupingUsed(boolean) and setGroupingSize(int).
+     * These operate independently, and setting a grouping size of 0 does not mean that
+     * isGroupingUsed() returns false. As a result, to effectively check whether grouping is used
+     * for strict parsing, both values need to be verified. Lenient parsing, which preserves the
+     * legacy parsing behavior, does not require this exhaustive check because grouping size positioning
+     * is not checked.
+     */
+    private boolean isGroupingEnabled() {
+        return isGroupingUsed() && groupingSize > 0;
+    }
+
     // Checks to make sure grouping size is not violated. Used when strict.
     private boolean isGroupingViolation(int pos, int prevGroupingPos) {
         assert parseStrict : "Grouping violations should only occur when strict";
-        return isGroupingUsed() && // Only violates if using grouping
-                // Checks if a previous grouping symbol was seen.
-                prevGroupingPos != -groupingSize &&
+        // Checks if a previous grouping symbol was seen.
+        return prevGroupingPos != -groupingSize &&
                 // The check itself, - 1 to account for grouping/decimal symbol
                 pos - 1 != prevGroupingPos + groupingSize;
     }
@@ -3586,7 +3606,7 @@ private String toPattern(boolean localized) {
             int digitCount = useExponentialNotation ? getMaximumIntegerDigits() :
                     Math.max(groupingSize, getMinimumIntegerDigits()) + 1;
             for (int i = digitCount; i > 0; --i) {
-                if (i != digitCount && isGroupingUsed() && groupingSize != 0 &&
+                if (i != digitCount && isGroupingEnabled() &&
                         i % groupingSize == 0) {
                     result.append(groupingSymbol);
                 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/text/Format/NumberFormat/LenientParseTest.java b/test/jdk/java/text/Format/NumberFormat/LenientParseTest.java
index c85fe0f6cbb..69fb2a15221 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/text/Format/NumberFormat/LenientParseTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/text/Format/NumberFormat/LenientParseTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 8327640 8331485 8333456 8335668
+ * @bug 8327640 8331485 8333456 8335668 8388507
  * @summary Test suite for NumberFormat parsing when lenient.
  * @run junit/othervm -Duser.language=en -Duser.country=US LenientParseTest
  * @run junit/othervm -Duser.language=ja -Duser.country=JP LenientParseTest
@@ -162,6 +162,12 @@ public void badExponentParseNumberFormatTest() {
         assertEquals(1.23E45, successParse(fmt, "1.23E45FOO3222", 7));
     }
 
+    @Test // Non-localized, only run once
+    @EnabledIfSystemProperty(named = "user.language", matches = "en")
+    public void nanNumberFormatTest() {
+        assertEquals(Double.NaN, successParse(new DecimalFormat(), "NaNFoo", 3));
+    }
+
     // ---- CurrencyFormat tests ----
     // All input Strings should pass and return expected value.
     @ParameterizedTest
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/text/Format/NumberFormat/StrictParseTest.java b/test/jdk/java/text/Format/NumberFormat/StrictParseTest.java
index 3e90ccb39ce..1b69c53407b 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/text/Format/NumberFormat/StrictParseTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/text/Format/NumberFormat/StrictParseTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 8327640 8331485 8333755 8335668
+ * @bug 8327640 8331485 8333755 8335668 8388507
  * @summary Test suite for NumberFormat parsing with strict leniency
  * @run junit/othervm -Duser.language=en -Duser.country=US StrictParseTest
  * @run junit/othervm -Duser.language=ja -Duser.country=JP StrictParseTest
@@ -114,8 +114,20 @@ public void uniqueCaseNumberFormatTest() {
         successParse(nonLocalizedDFmt, "a12345,67890b");
         successParse(nonLocalizedDFmt, "a1234,67890b");
         failParse(nonLocalizedDFmt, "a123456,7890b", 6);
-    }
+        // Special case: NaN
+        failParse(nonLocalizedDFmt, "NaNFoo", 3);
+        successParse(nonLocalizedDFmt, "NaN");
 
+        // Grouping size == 0 cases
+        var fmt = new DecimalFormat();
+        fmt.setStrict(true);
+        fmt.setGroupingSize(0);
+        fmt.setGroupingUsed(true);
+        var pp = new ParsePosition(0);
+        assertNull(fmt.parse("555,000.0", pp));
+        assertEquals(3, pp.getErrorIndex());
+        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> fmt.parse("555.0"));
+    }
 
     // 8333755: Check that parsing with integer only against a suffix value works
     @Test // Non-localized, run once

From 30a48dfe330167f617a80805bf2d263e4c7b0bd8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Fredrik Bredberg <fbredberg@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 2026 17:30:32 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 326/707] 8388841: Remove logging tag monitortable

Reviewed-by: coleenp, amitkumar
---
 src/hotspot/share/logging/logTag.hpp | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/logging/logTag.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/logging/logTag.hpp
index 0e31a371137..6d49a23fe3b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/logging/logTag.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/logging/logTag.hpp
@@ -135,7 +135,6 @@ class outputStream;
   LOG_TAG(module) \
   LOG_TAG(monitorinflation) \
   LOG_TAG(monitormismatch) \
-  LOG_TAG(monitortable) \
   LOG_TAG(native) \
   LOG_TAG(nestmates) \
   LOG_TAG(nmethod) \

From 1897d8e0a77f125cf8a116ed71c51d1b109fed3a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ioi Lam <iklam@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 2026 20:52:52 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 327/707] 8388883: Exclude CommandLineFlagComboNegative.java
 from test group hotspot_appcds_dynamic

Reviewed-by: matsaave
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
index 074bc514b35..be35aeec3b3 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
@@ -436,6 +436,7 @@ hotspot_appcds_dynamic = \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/ArchiveRelocationTest.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/BadBSM.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/CommandLineFlagCombo.java \
+ -runtime/cds/appcds/CommandLineFlagComboNegative.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/DumpClassList.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/DumpClassListWithLF.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/DumpRuntimeClassesTest.java \

From 26ebefa825fef8d174f29e32c076dfc459bef108 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Anjian Wen <wenanjian@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 2026 02:21:23 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 328/707] 8374184: RISC-V: implement GCM intrinsic with Zvkg
 and Zvkned extension

Reviewed-by: fyang, dzhang, gcao
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp | 128 ++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 128 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp
index 06cf67e2486..11ce5695b4d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp
@@ -3065,6 +3065,130 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     return start;
   }
 
+  void gcm_counterMode_AESCrypt_blocks(int round, Register in, Register out, Register key, Register counter,
+                                       Register input_len, VectorRegister *working_vregs, Register blocks,
+                                       VectorRegister vtmp1, VectorRegister vtmp2, VectorRegister vtmp3) {
+    __ srli(blocks, input_len, 4);
+
+    const unsigned int BLOCK_SIZE = 16;
+    const unsigned int MASK_VALUE = 0b1000; // we need {1, 0, 0, 0} mask value here
+    __ vsetivli(x0, 1, Assembler::e8, Assembler::m1);
+    __ vmv_v_i(v0, MASK_VALUE);
+
+    __ vsetivli(x0, 4, Assembler::e32, Assembler::m1);
+    // load keys to working_vregs according to round
+    aes_load_keys(key, working_vregs, round);
+
+    __ vle32_v(vtmp1, counter);
+    Label L_aes_ctr_loop;
+    __ bind(L_aes_ctr_loop);
+      __ vmv_v_v(vtmp2, vtmp1);
+      // encrypt counter according to round
+      aes_encrypt(vtmp2, working_vregs, round);
+      __ vle32_v(vtmp3, in);
+      __ vxor_vv(vtmp2, vtmp2, vtmp3);
+      __ vse32_v(vtmp2, out);
+      __ addi(out, out, BLOCK_SIZE);
+      __ addi(in, in, BLOCK_SIZE);
+      __ sub(blocks, blocks, 1);
+      __ vrev8_v(vtmp1, vtmp1, Assembler::VectorMask::v0_t);
+      __ vadd_vi(vtmp1, vtmp1, 0x1, Assembler::VectorMask::v0_t);
+      __ vrev8_v(vtmp1, vtmp1, Assembler::VectorMask::v0_t);
+      __ bnez(blocks, L_aes_ctr_loop);
+
+    __ vse32_v(vtmp1, counter);
+  }
+
+  void gcm_ghash_blocks(Register state, Register subkeyH, Register ct, Register input_len, Register blocks,
+                        VectorRegister vtmp1, VectorRegister vtmp2, VectorRegister vtmp3) {
+    __ srli(blocks, input_len, 4);
+
+    ghash_loop(state, subkeyH, ct, blocks, vtmp1, vtmp2, vtmp3);
+
+    __ mv(x10, input_len);
+    __ leave();
+    __ ret();
+  }
+
+
+  // Vector AES Galois Counter Mode implementation. Parameters:
+  //
+  // in = c_rarg0
+  // input_len = c_rarg1
+  // ct = c_rarg2 - ciphertext that ghash will read (out for encrypt, in for decrypt)
+  // out = c_rarg3
+  // key = c_rarg4
+  // state = c_rarg5 - GHASH.state
+  // subkeyHtbl = c_rarg6 - powers of H
+  // counter = c_rarg7 - 16 bytes of CTR
+  // return - number of processed bytes
+  address generate_galoisCounterMode_AESCrypt() {
+    assert(UseGHASHIntrinsics, "need GHASH instructions (Zvkg extension) and Zvbb support");
+    assert(UseAESCTRIntrinsics, "need AES instructions (Zvkned extension) and Zbb extension support");
+
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
+    StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_galoisCounterMode_AESCrypt_id;
+    StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
+
+    const Register in         = c_rarg0;
+    const Register input_len  = c_rarg1;
+    const Register ct         = c_rarg2;
+    const Register out        = c_rarg3;
+    const Register key        = c_rarg4;
+    const Register state      = c_rarg5;
+    const Register subkeyHtbl = c_rarg6;
+    const Register counter    = c_rarg7;
+
+    const Register keylen     = x28;
+    const Register blocks     = x29;
+
+    VectorRegister working_vregs[] = {
+      v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8,
+      v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15
+    };
+
+    VectorRegister vtmp1      = v16;
+    VectorRegister vtmp2      = v17;
+    VectorRegister vtmp3      = v18;
+
+    const address start = __ pc();
+    __ enter();
+
+    Label L_exit;
+    // Requires input_len (512) bytes to efficiently use the intrinsic
+    __ andi(input_len, input_len, -512);
+    __ beqz(input_len, L_exit);
+
+    Label L_aes128, L_aes192;
+    // Compute #rounds for AES based on the length of the key array
+    __ lwu(keylen, Address(key, arrayOopDesc::length_offset_in_bytes() - arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_INT)));
+    __ mv(t0, 52); // key length could be only {11, 13, 15} * 4 = {44, 52, 60}
+    __ bltu(keylen, t0, L_aes128);
+    __ beq(keylen, t0, L_aes192);
+    // Else we fallthrough to the biggest case (256-bit key size)
+
+    // Note: the following function performs crypt with key += 15*16
+    gcm_counterMode_AESCrypt_blocks(15, in, out, key, counter, input_len, working_vregs, blocks, vtmp1, vtmp2, vtmp3);
+    gcm_ghash_blocks(state, subkeyHtbl, ct, input_len, blocks, vtmp1, vtmp2, vtmp3);
+
+    // Note: the following function performs crypt with key += 13*16
+    __ bind(L_aes192);
+    gcm_counterMode_AESCrypt_blocks(13, in, out, key, counter, input_len, working_vregs, blocks, vtmp1, vtmp2, vtmp3);
+    gcm_ghash_blocks(state, subkeyHtbl, ct, input_len, blocks, vtmp1, vtmp2, vtmp3);
+
+    // Note: the following function performs crypt with key += 11*16
+    __ bind(L_aes128);
+    gcm_counterMode_AESCrypt_blocks(11, in, out, key, counter, input_len, working_vregs, blocks, vtmp1, vtmp2, vtmp3);
+    gcm_ghash_blocks(state, subkeyHtbl, ct, input_len, blocks, vtmp1, vtmp2, vtmp3);
+
+    __ bind(L_exit);
+    __ mv(x10, input_len);
+    __ leave();
+    __ ret();
+
+    return start;
+  }
+
   // code for comparing 8 characters of strings with Latin1 and Utf16 encoding
   void compare_string_8_x_LU(Register tmpL, Register tmpU,
                              Register strL, Register strU, Label& DIFF) {
@@ -7293,6 +7417,10 @@ static const int64_t right_3_bits = right_n_bits(3);
       StubRoutines::_ghash_processBlocks = generate_ghash_processBlocks();
     }
 
+    if (UseAESCTRIntrinsics && UseGHASHIntrinsics) {
+      StubRoutines::_galoisCounterMode_AESCrypt = generate_galoisCounterMode_AESCrypt();
+    }
+
     if (UsePoly1305Intrinsics) {
       StubRoutines::_poly1305_processBlocks = generate_poly1305_processBlocks();
     }

From ead9921903d64a83cf294d3b9daf6cab5c61490f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Stuefe <stuefe@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 2026 05:06:52 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 329/707] 8388561: [s390x] Prevent accidental page table
 expansion

Reviewed-by: amitkumar, rtoyonaga
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/compressedKlass_s390.cpp | 10 +++---
 .../os_cpu/linux_s390/os_linux_s390.cpp       |  7 ++++
 src/hotspot/share/memory/memoryReserver.cpp   |  7 ++--
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.cpp              |  7 ++++
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.hpp              |  5 +++
 ...essedCPUSpecificClassSpaceReservation.java | 33 ++++++++++++++++---
 .../jdk/test/lib/process/OutputAnalyzer.java  | 28 +++++++++++++++-
 7 files changed, 86 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/compressedKlass_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/compressedKlass_s390.cpp
index 06077b48f99..1fa2c47ad21 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/compressedKlass_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/compressedKlass_s390.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2023, Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, IBM Corp. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -24,14 +25,13 @@
  */
 
 #include "oops/compressedKlass.hpp"
+#include "runtime/os.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 
 char* CompressedKlassPointers::reserve_address_space_for_compressed_classes(size_t size, bool aslr, bool optimize_for_zero_base) {
 
   char* result = nullptr;
 
-  uintptr_t tried_below = 0;
-
   // First, attempt to allocate < 4GB. We do this unconditionally:
   // - if optimize_for_zero_base, a <4GB mapping start allows us to use base=0 shift=0
   // - if !optimize_for_zero_base, a <4GB mapping start allows us to use algfi
@@ -44,7 +44,9 @@ char* CompressedKlassPointers::reserve_address_space_for_compressed_classes(size
 
   // Failing that, aim for a base that is 4G-aligned; such a base can be set with aih.
   if (result == nullptr) {
-    result = reserve_address_space_for_16bit_move(size, aslr);
+    constexpr uintptr_t from = nth_bit<uintptr_t>(32);
+    const uintptr_t to = os::vm_page_table_expansion_point(); // prevent accidentally expanding the page table
+    result = reserve_address_space_X(from, to, size, nth_bit<uintptr_t>(32), aslr);
   }
 
   return result;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_s390/os_linux_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_s390/os_linux_s390.cpp
index 749f6bec032..4ad61e605fb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_s390/os_linux_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_s390/os_linux_s390.cpp
@@ -477,3 +477,10 @@ int os::extra_bang_size_in_bytes() {
 }
 
 void os::setup_fpu() {}
+
+uintptr_t os::vm_page_table_expansion_point() {
+  // On s390x, page table will dynamically expand based on user demand
+  // (eg mmap probing with high addresses). First expansion happens
+  // at 2^42 (4TB).
+  return nth_bit<uintptr_t>(42);
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/memory/memoryReserver.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/memory/memoryReserver.cpp
index 3bc9dc17f7d..b6f151ead6c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/memory/memoryReserver.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/memory/memoryReserver.cpp
@@ -471,10 +471,13 @@ static char** get_attach_addresses_for_disjoint_mode() {
   }
   uint start = i;
 
-  // Avoid more steps than requested.
+  // Avoid more steps than requested, and avoid expanding the page table
+  // by over-eager probing.
   i = 0;
   while (addresses[start+i] != 0) {
-    if (i == HeapSearchSteps) {
+    if (i == HeapSearchSteps ||
+       (addresses[start+i] >= os::vm_page_table_expansion_point()))
+    {
       addresses[start+i] = 0;
       break;
     }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.cpp
index ae786bd86c5..e3437a097ef 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.cpp
@@ -1994,6 +1994,13 @@ static void shuffle_fisher_yates(T* arr, unsigned num, FastRandom& frand) {
   }
 }
 
+#ifndef S390
+// Default implementation: page table never expands.
+uintptr_t os::vm_page_table_expansion_point() {
+  return align_down(UINTPTR_MAX, os::vm_allocation_granularity());
+}
+#endif
+
 // Helper for os::attempt_reserve_memory_between
 // Given an array of things, do a hemisphere split such that the resulting
 // order is: [first, last, first + 1, last - 1, ...]
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.hpp
index 50e087dcc94..452a7e05d94 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.hpp
@@ -503,6 +503,11 @@ class os: AllStatic {
   // Returns the lowest address the process is allowed to map against.
   static size_t vm_min_address();
 
+  // Some kernels (e.g. s390x) can dynamically expand the page table. This function returns
+  // the lowest user space address that will expand the page table for the first time.
+  // We typically want to avoid expanding the page table unless it is really necessary.
+  static uintptr_t vm_page_table_expansion_point();
+
   // Returns an upper limit beyond which reserve_memory() calls are guaranteed
   // to fail. It is not guaranteed that reserving less memory than this will
   // succeed, however.
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CompressedOops/CompressedCPUSpecificClassSpaceReservation.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CompressedOops/CompressedCPUSpecificClassSpaceReservation.java
index ff4fb265528..e9bdbe30807 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CompressedOops/CompressedCPUSpecificClassSpaceReservation.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CompressedOops/CompressedCPUSpecificClassSpaceReservation.java
@@ -43,6 +43,9 @@
 import jtreg.SkippedException;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.regex.Matcher;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
 public class CompressedCPUSpecificClassSpaceReservation {
     // Note: windows: On windows, we currently have the issue that os::reserve_memory_aligned relies on
@@ -68,7 +71,11 @@ private static void do_test(boolean CDS) throws IOException {
         final String tryReserveForUnscaled = "reserve_between (range [0x0000000000000000-0x0000000100000000)";
         final String tryReserveBelow4G = "reserve_between (range [0x0000000000000000-0x0000000100000000)";
         final String tryReserveForZeroBased = "reserve_between (range [0x0000000100000000-0x0000000800000000)";
-        final String tryReserveFor16bitMoveIntoQ3 = "reserve_between (range [0x0000000100000000-0x0001000000000000)";
+        // Failing zero-based allocation, platforms will often attempt allocation suitable for a disjointed move:
+        // an insert of the base address bits into the register holding the nK. That requires the base to not
+        // intersect with nK bits (for simplicity, we always assume nK range of 32bits).
+        // The upper limit of this reservation attempt is platform-dependent, though.
+        final String tryReserveFor16bitMoveIntoQ3Regex = "reserve_between.*0x0000000100000000-0x\\d{8}00000000.*alignment 0x100000000";
         if (Platform.isAArch64()) {
             if (CDS) {
                 output.shouldNotContain(tryReserveForUnscaled);
@@ -77,7 +84,7 @@ private static void do_test(boolean CDS) throws IOException {
             }
             output.shouldContain("Trying to reserve at an EOR-compatible address");
             output.shouldNotContain(tryReserveForZeroBased);
-            output.shouldContain(tryReserveFor16bitMoveIntoQ3);
+            output.shouldMatch(tryReserveFor16bitMoveIntoQ3Regex);
         } else if (Platform.isPPC()) {
             if (CDS) {
                 output.shouldNotContain(tryReserveForUnscaled);
@@ -86,7 +93,7 @@ private static void do_test(boolean CDS) throws IOException {
                 output.shouldContain(tryReserveForUnscaled);
                 output.shouldContain(tryReserveForZeroBased);
             }
-            output.shouldContain(tryReserveFor16bitMoveIntoQ3);
+            output.shouldMatch(tryReserveFor16bitMoveIntoQ3Regex);
         } else if (Platform.isRISCV64()) {
             output.shouldContain(tryReserveForUnscaled); // unconditionally
             // bits 32..44
@@ -100,7 +107,7 @@ private static void do_test(boolean CDS) throws IOException {
             } else {
                 output.shouldContain(tryReserveForZeroBased);
             }
-            output.shouldContain(tryReserveFor16bitMoveIntoQ3);
+            output.shouldMatch(tryReserveFor16bitMoveIntoQ3Regex);
         } else if (Platform.isX64()) {
             output.shouldContain(tryReserveBelow4G);
             if (CDS) {
@@ -119,6 +126,24 @@ private static void do_test(boolean CDS) throws IOException {
             output.shouldContain("CDS archive(s) not mapped");
         }
         output.shouldContain("Compressed class space mapped at:");
+
+        // S390: Make very sure every reserve_between attempt we do (which we do
+        // for class space only, currently) never probes beyond 2^42 to avoid
+        // page table expansion
+        if (Platform.isS390x()) {
+            Pattern pat = Pattern.compile(".*reserve_between \\(range \\[0x[0-9a-f]{16}-0x([0-9a-f]{16})\\).*");
+            List<Matcher> matches = output.matchersForAllMatchingLinesStdout(pat);
+            if (matches.size() == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Expected matches");
+            }
+            for (Matcher mat : matches) {
+                long address_to = Long.parseLong(mat.group(1), 16);
+                if (address_to > Math.powExact(2L, 42)) {
+                    System.out.println(mat.group(0));
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Address space probing beyond 2^42?");
+                }
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/process/OutputAnalyzer.java b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/process/OutputAnalyzer.java
index 553e13b28ff..0a9c31ed403 100644
--- a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/process/OutputAnalyzer.java
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/process/OutputAnalyzer.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2013, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -563,6 +563,32 @@ public String firstMatch(String pattern) {
         return firstMatch(pattern, 0);
     }
 
+    private List<Matcher> matchersForAllMatchingLinesInternal(Pattern needleRegex, List<String> haystack) {
+        List<Matcher> matchingMatchers = haystack.stream().
+                map(needleRegex::matcher).filter(Matcher::matches).collect(Collectors.toList());
+        return matchingMatchers;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Given a regular expression, matches the expression against every *line* of stderr output
+     * and returns a list of all matching matchers.
+     * @param needleRegex
+     * @return List of matchers
+     */
+    public  List<Matcher> matchersForAllMatchingLinesStderr(Pattern needleRegex) {
+        return matchersForAllMatchingLinesInternal(needleRegex, stderrAsLines());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Given a regular expression, matches the expression against every *line* of stdout output
+     * and returns a list of all matching matchers.
+     * @param needleRegex
+     * @return List of matchers
+     */
+    public  List<Matcher> matchersForAllMatchingLinesStdout(Pattern needleRegex) {
+        return matchersForAllMatchingLinesInternal(needleRegex, stdoutAsLines());
+    }
+
     /**
      * Verify the exit value of the process
      *

From bb05fd9f7268be7e9cdc6b66108d76fe0b3f20bc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vladimir Petko <vpetko@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 2026 06:03:49 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 330/707] 8388170: [s390x]
 compiler/inlining/LateInlineQueueDrainTest.java#id0 fail due to invalid
 ret_addr_offset

Reviewed-by: amitkumar, aph
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad  |  6 +--
 src/hotspot/cpu/arm/arm_32.ad       |  6 +--
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad          |  6 +--
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad      |  6 +--
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad        | 84 +++++++++++++++++++----------
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad          |  6 +--
 src/hotspot/share/opto/machnode.hpp |  8 +--
 7 files changed, 76 insertions(+), 46 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad
index 37c8e0ae011..366b1f94898 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad
@@ -1662,19 +1662,19 @@ bool needs_acquiring_load_exclusive(const Node *n)
 //       from the start of the call to the point where the return address
 //       will point.
 
-int MachCallStaticJavaNode::ret_addr_offset()
+int MachCallStaticJavaNode::ret_addr_offset() const
 {
   // call should be a simple bl
   int off = 4;
   return off;
 }
 
-int MachCallDynamicJavaNode::ret_addr_offset()
+int MachCallDynamicJavaNode::ret_addr_offset() const
 {
   return 16; // movz, movk, movk, bl
 }
 
-int MachCallRuntimeNode::ret_addr_offset() {
+int MachCallRuntimeNode::ret_addr_offset() const {
   // for generated stubs the call will be
   //   bl(addr)
   // or with far branches
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/arm_32.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/arm_32.ad
index 2af7e253a1a..87ffc46e67a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/arm_32.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/arm_32.ad
@@ -430,18 +430,18 @@ OptoRegPair c2::return_value(int ideal_reg) {
 //       from the start of the call to the point where the return address
 //       will point.
 
-int MachCallStaticJavaNode::ret_addr_offset() {
+int MachCallStaticJavaNode::ret_addr_offset() const {
   bool far = (_method == nullptr) ? maybe_far_call(this) : !cache_reachable();
   return (far ? 3 : 1) * NativeInstruction::instruction_size;
 }
 
-int MachCallDynamicJavaNode::ret_addr_offset() {
+int MachCallDynamicJavaNode::ret_addr_offset() const {
   bool far = !cache_reachable();
   // mov_oop is always 2 words
   return (2 + (far ? 3 : 1)) * NativeInstruction::instruction_size;
 }
 
-int MachCallRuntimeNode::ret_addr_offset() {
+int MachCallRuntimeNode::ret_addr_offset() const {
   // bl or movw; movt; blx
   bool far = maybe_far_call(this);
   return (far ? 3 : 1) * NativeInstruction::instruction_size;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
index 2c0904a6b58..9428c0014e1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
@@ -1171,16 +1171,16 @@ bool followed_by_acquire(const Node *load) {
 
 // PPC port: Removed use of lazy constant construct.
 
-int MachCallStaticJavaNode::ret_addr_offset() {
+int MachCallStaticJavaNode::ret_addr_offset() const {
   // It's only a single branch-and-link instruction.
   return 4;
 }
 
-int MachCallDynamicJavaNode::ret_addr_offset() {
+int MachCallDynamicJavaNode::ret_addr_offset() const {
   return 12;
 }
 
-int MachCallRuntimeNode::ret_addr_offset() {
+int MachCallRuntimeNode::ret_addr_offset() const {
   if (rule() == CallRuntimeDirect_rule) {
     // CallRuntimeDirectNode uses call_c.
 #if defined(ABI_ELFv2)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
index e022dcb4262..d30b6b67945 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
@@ -1208,17 +1208,17 @@ bool needs_acquiring_load_reserved(const Node *n)
 //       from the start of the call to the point where the return address
 //       will point.
 
-int MachCallStaticJavaNode::ret_addr_offset()
+int MachCallStaticJavaNode::ret_addr_offset() const
 {
   return 3 * NativeInstruction::instruction_size; // auipc + ld + jalr
 }
 
-int MachCallDynamicJavaNode::ret_addr_offset()
+int MachCallDynamicJavaNode::ret_addr_offset() const
 {
   return NativeMovConstReg::movptr2_instruction_size + (3 * NativeInstruction::instruction_size); // movptr2, auipc + ld + jal
 }
 
-int MachCallRuntimeNode::ret_addr_offset() {
+int MachCallRuntimeNode::ret_addr_offset() const {
   // For address inside the code cache the call will be:
   //   auipc + jalr
   // For real runtime callouts it will be 8 instructions
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
index 3d4abea7529..83898f3086e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
@@ -886,29 +886,59 @@ int MachNode::compute_padding(int current_offset) const {
   return 0;
 }
 
-int MachCallStaticJavaNode::ret_addr_offset() {
+int MachCallStaticJavaNode::ret_addr_offset() const {
   if (_method) {
-    return 8;
+    return MacroAssembler::call_far_pcrelative_size();
   } else {
     return MacroAssembler::call_far_patchable_ret_addr_offset();
   }
 }
 
-int MachCallDynamicJavaNode::ret_addr_offset() {
+int MachCallDynamicJavaNode::ret_addr_offset() const {
   // Consider size of receiver type profiling (C2 tiers).
-  int profile_receiver_type_size = 0;
 
   int vtable_index = this->_vtable_index;
   if (vtable_index == -4) {
-    return 14 + profile_receiver_type_size;
+    return MacroAssembler::load_const_from_toc_size()
+         + MacroAssembler::call_far_pcrelative_size();
   } else {
     assert(!UseInlineCaches, "expect vtable calls only if not using ICs");
-    return 36 + profile_receiver_type_size;
+    // This should return the size of instructions in vtable dispatch
+    // branch of z_enc_java_dynamic_call
+    int offset = 0;
+
+    //     __ load_klass(Z_method, Z_R2);
+    if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+      // load_narrow_klass_compact (z_lg z_srlg)
+      offset += 6 // z_lg
+              + 6; // z_srlg;
+    } else {
+      offset += 6; // z_llgf
+    }
+    offset += MacroAssembler::instr_size_for_decode_klass_not_null();
+
+    // check if displacement is valid, as it will generate different
+    // instructions:
+    int entry_offset = in_bytes(Klass::vtable_start_offset()) +
+                       vtable_index * vtableEntry::size_in_bytes();
+    int v_off = entry_offset + in_bytes(vtableEntry::method_offset());
+    if (!Displacement::is_validDisp(v_off)) {
+        offset += MacroAssembler::load_const_size(); // emits iihf + iilf
+    }
+    // both generate z_lg
+    offset += 6; // z_lg (z_method, v_off | Address(Z_method, Z_R1_scratch))
+    // common footer
+    offset += 6; // z_lg(Z_R1_scratch, Method::from_compiled_offset())
+    offset += 2; // z_basr
+
+    return offset;
   }
 }
 
-int MachCallRuntimeNode::ret_addr_offset() {
-  return 12 + MacroAssembler::call_far_patchable_ret_addr_offset();
+int MachCallRuntimeNode::ret_addr_offset() const {
+  return 6 // get_PC()  (LARL)
+    + 6 // save_return_pc() (STG)
+    + MacroAssembler::call_far_patchable_ret_addr_offset();
 }
 
 // Compute padding required for nodes which need alignment
@@ -994,7 +1024,6 @@ static inline void z_assert_aligned(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, int disp, Register
 int emit_call_reloc(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, intptr_t entry_point, relocInfo::relocType rtype,
                     PhaseRegAlloc* ra_, bool is_native_call = false) {
   __ set_inst_mark(); // Used in z_enc_java_static_call() and emit_java_to_interp().
-  address old_mark = __ inst_mark();
   unsigned int start_off = __ offset();
 
   if (is_native_call) {
@@ -1024,7 +1053,6 @@ int emit_call_reloc(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, intptr_t entry_point, relocInfo::re
 
 static int emit_call_reloc(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, intptr_t entry_point, RelocationHolder const& rspec) {
   __ set_inst_mark(); // Used in z_enc_java_static_call() and emit_java_to_interp().
-  address old_mark = __ inst_mark();
   unsigned int start_off = __ offset();
 
   relocInfo::relocType rtype = rspec.type();
@@ -2344,8 +2372,7 @@ encode %{
     // callee doesn't.
     unsigned int start_off = __ offset();
     // Compute size of "larl + stg + call_c_opt".
-    const int size_of_code = 6 + 6 + MacroAssembler::call_far_patchable_size();
-    __ get_PC(Z_R14, size_of_code);
+    __ get_PC(Z_R14, ret_addr_offset());
     __ save_return_pc();
     assert(__ offset() - start_off == 12, "bad prelude len: %d", __ offset() - start_off);
 
@@ -2356,30 +2383,28 @@ encode %{
       return;
     }
 
-#ifdef ASSERT
-    // Plausibility check for size_of_code assumptions.
-    unsigned int actual_ret_off = __ offset();
-    assert(start_off + size_of_code == actual_ret_off, "wrong return_pc");
-#endif
+    assert(__ offset() - start_off == (uint)ret_addr_offset(),
+            "z_enc_java_to_runtime_call return offset mismatch: emitted %d bytes, ret_addr_offset()=%d",
+            __ offset() - start_off, ret_addr_offset());
     __ post_call_nop();
   %}
 
   enc_class z_enc_java_static_call(method meth) %{
+    unsigned int start_off = __ offset();
     // Call to fixup routine. Fixup routine uses ScopeDesc info to determine
     // whom we intended to call.
-    int ret_offset = 0;
 
     if (!_method) {
-      ret_offset = emit_call_reloc(masm, $meth$$method,
-                                   relocInfo::runtime_call_w_cp_type, ra_);
+      emit_call_reloc(masm, $meth$$method,
+                      relocInfo::runtime_call_w_cp_type, ra_);
     } else {
       int method_index = resolved_method_index(masm);
       if (_optimized_virtual) {
-        ret_offset = emit_call_reloc(masm, $meth$$method,
-                                     opt_virtual_call_Relocation::spec(method_index));
+        emit_call_reloc(masm, $meth$$method,
+                        opt_virtual_call_Relocation::spec(method_index));
       } else {
-        ret_offset = emit_call_reloc(masm, $meth$$method,
-                                     static_call_Relocation::spec(method_index));
+        emit_call_reloc(masm, $meth$$method,
+                        static_call_Relocation::spec(method_index));
       }
     }
     assert(__ inst_mark() != nullptr, "emit_call_reloc must set_inst_mark()");
@@ -2394,6 +2419,9 @@ encode %{
     }
 
     __ clear_inst_mark();
+    assert(__ offset() - start_off == (uint)ret_addr_offset(),
+            "z_enc_java_static_call return offset mismatch: emitted %d bytes, ret_addr_offset()=%d",
+            __ offset() - start_off, ret_addr_offset());
     __ post_call_nop();
   %}
 
@@ -2418,9 +2446,8 @@ encode %{
       // to determine who we intended to call.
       int method_index = resolved_method_index(masm);
       __ relocate(virtual_call_Relocation::spec(virtual_call_oop_addr, method_index));
-      unsigned int ret_off = __ offset();
       assert(__ offset() - start_off == 6, "bad prelude len: %d", __ offset() - start_off);
-      ret_off += emit_call_reloc(masm, $meth$$method, relocInfo::none, ra_);
+      emit_call_reloc(masm, $meth$$method, relocInfo::none, ra_);
       __ clear_inst_mark();
       assert(_method, "lazy_constant may be wrong when _method==null");
     } else {
@@ -2449,8 +2476,11 @@ encode %{
       __ z_lg(Z_R1_scratch, Address(Z_method, Method::from_compiled_offset()));
       // Call target. Either compiled code or C2I adapter.
       __ z_basr(Z_R14, Z_R1_scratch);
-      unsigned int ret_off = __ offset();
     }
+    assert(__ offset() - start_off == (uint)ret_addr_offset(),
+            "z_enc_java_dynamic_call return offset mismatch: emitted %d bytes, ret_addr_offset()=%d",
+            __ offset() - start_off, ret_addr_offset());
+
     __ post_call_nop();
   %}
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
index 883fb0c6300..b3e5a42926c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
@@ -1634,21 +1634,21 @@ static int clear_avx_size() {
 // !!!!! Special hack to get all types of calls to specify the byte offset
 //       from the start of the call to the point where the return address
 //       will point.
-int MachCallStaticJavaNode::ret_addr_offset()
+int MachCallStaticJavaNode::ret_addr_offset() const
 {
   int offset = 5; // 5 bytes from start of call to where return address points
   offset += clear_avx_size();
   return offset;
 }
 
-int MachCallDynamicJavaNode::ret_addr_offset()
+int MachCallDynamicJavaNode::ret_addr_offset() const
 {
   int offset = 15; // 15 bytes from start of call to where return address points
   offset += clear_avx_size();
   return offset;
 }
 
-int MachCallRuntimeNode::ret_addr_offset() {
+int MachCallRuntimeNode::ret_addr_offset() const {
   int offset = 13; // movq r10,#addr; callq (r10)
   if (this->ideal_Opcode() != Op_CallLeafVector) {
     offset += clear_avx_size();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/machnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/machnode.hpp
index 666fa2989bd..ecca86ceae4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/machnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/machnode.hpp
@@ -937,7 +937,7 @@ class MachCallNode : public MachSafePointNode {
   virtual bool  pinned() const { return false; }
   virtual const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const;
   virtual const RegMask &in_RegMask(uint) const;
-  virtual int ret_addr_offset() { return 0; }
+  virtual int ret_addr_offset() const { return 0; }
 
   NOT_LP64(bool return_value_is_used() const;)
 
@@ -998,7 +998,7 @@ class MachCallStaticJavaNode : public MachCallJavaNode {
   // If this is an uncommon trap, return the request code, else zero.
   int uncommon_trap_request() const;
 
-  virtual int ret_addr_offset();
+  virtual int ret_addr_offset() const;
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   virtual void dump_spec(outputStream *st) const;
   void dump_trap_args(outputStream *st) const;
@@ -1014,7 +1014,7 @@ class MachCallDynamicJavaNode : public MachCallJavaNode {
     init_class_id(Class_MachCallDynamicJava);
     DEBUG_ONLY(_vtable_index = -99);  // throw an assert if uninitialized
   }
-  virtual int ret_addr_offset();
+  virtual int ret_addr_offset() const;
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   virtual void dump_spec(outputStream *st) const;
 #endif
@@ -1032,7 +1032,7 @@ class MachCallRuntimeNode : public MachCallNode {
   MachCallRuntimeNode() : MachCallNode() {
     init_class_id(Class_MachCallRuntime);
   }
-  virtual int ret_addr_offset();
+  virtual int ret_addr_offset() const;
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   virtual void dump_spec(outputStream *st) const;
 #endif

From 8f8c73302ee7cd3d9ba61a6825eee933d2fa009a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Marc Chevalier <mchevalier@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 2026 06:57:42 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 331/707] 8387708: C2: more explicit parameter names for CMove
 nodes

Reviewed-by: mhaessig, thartmann
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/movenode.cpp | 38 ++++++++---------
 src/hotspot/share/opto/movenode.hpp | 63 ++++++++++++++---------------
 2 files changed, 50 insertions(+), 51 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/movenode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/movenode.cpp
index 6b6becb434f..28cc4707767 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/movenode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/movenode.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@
 
 //------------------------------Ideal------------------------------------------
 // Return a node which is more "ideal" than the current node.
-// Move constants to the right.
+// Move constants to the true-case input.
 Node *CMoveNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
   if (in(0) != nullptr && remove_dead_region(phase, can_reshape)) {
     return this;
@@ -95,14 +95,14 @@ Node *CMoveNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
     return progress;
   }
 
-  // Check for Min/Max patterns. This is called before constants are pushed to the right input, as that transform can
+  // Check for Min/Max patterns. This is called before constants are pushed to the true-case input, as that transform can
   // make BoolTests non-canonical.
   Node* minmax = Ideal_minmax(phase, this);
   if (minmax != nullptr) {
     return minmax;
   }
 
-  // Canonicalize the node by moving constants to the right input.
+  // Canonicalize the node by moving constants to the true-case input.
   if (in(Condition)->is_Bool() && phase->type(in(IfFalse))->singleton() && !phase->type(in(IfTrue))->singleton()) {
     BoolNode* b = in(Condition)->as_Bool()->negate(phase);
     return make(phase->transform(b), in(IfTrue), in(IfFalse), _type);
@@ -142,10 +142,10 @@ Node* CMoveNode::Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) {
     return in(IfFalse); // Then it doesn't matter
   }
   if (phase->type(in(Condition)) == TypeInt::ZERO) {
-    return in(IfFalse); // Always pick left(false) input
+    return in(IfFalse); // Always pick false value input
   }
   if (phase->type(in(Condition)) == TypeInt::ONE) {
-    return in(IfTrue);  // Always pick right(true) input
+    return in(IfTrue);  // Always pick true value input
   }
 
   // Check for CMove'ing a constant after comparing against the constant.
@@ -176,10 +176,10 @@ const Type* CMoveNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
     return Type::TOP;
   }
   if (phase->type(in(Condition)) == TypeInt::ZERO) {
-    return phase->type(in(IfFalse))->filter(_type); // Always pick left (false) input
+    return phase->type(in(IfFalse))->filter(_type); // Always pick false value input
   }
   if (phase->type(in(Condition)) == TypeInt::ONE) {
-    return phase->type(in(IfTrue))->filter(_type);  // Always pick right (true) input
+    return phase->type(in(IfTrue))->filter(_type);  // Always pick true value input
   }
 
   const Type* t = phase->type(in(IfFalse))->meet_speculative(phase->type(in(IfTrue)));
@@ -189,15 +189,15 @@ const Type* CMoveNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
 //------------------------------make-------------------------------------------
 // Make a correctly-flavored CMove.  Since _type is directly determined
 // from the inputs we do not need to specify it here.
-CMoveNode* CMoveNode::make(Node* bol, Node* left, Node* right, const Type* t) {
+CMoveNode* CMoveNode::make(Node* bol, Node* false_value, Node* true_value, const Type* t) {
   switch (t->basic_type()) {
-    case T_INT:     return new CMoveINode(bol, left, right, t->is_int());
-    case T_FLOAT:   return new CMoveFNode(bol, left, right, t);
-    case T_DOUBLE:  return new CMoveDNode(bol, left, right, t);
-    case T_LONG:    return new CMoveLNode(bol, left, right, t->is_long());
-    case T_OBJECT:  return new CMovePNode(bol, left, right, t->is_oopptr());
-    case T_ADDRESS: return new CMovePNode(bol, left, right, t->is_ptr());
-    case T_NARROWOOP: return new CMoveNNode(bol, left, right, t);
+    case T_INT:     return new CMoveINode(bol, false_value, true_value, t->is_int());
+    case T_FLOAT:   return new CMoveFNode(bol, false_value, true_value, t);
+    case T_DOUBLE:  return new CMoveDNode(bol, false_value, true_value, t);
+    case T_LONG:    return new CMoveLNode(bol, false_value, true_value, t->is_long());
+    case T_OBJECT:  return new CMovePNode(bol, false_value, true_value, t->is_oopptr());
+    case T_ADDRESS: return new CMovePNode(bol, false_value, true_value, t->is_ptr());
+    case T_NARROWOOP: return new CMoveNNode(bol, false_value, true_value, t);
     default:
       ShouldNotReachHere();
       return nullptr;
@@ -286,9 +286,9 @@ Node *CMoveINode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
   Node *x = CMoveNode::Ideal(phase, can_reshape);
   if( x ) return x;
 
-  // If zero is on the left (false-case, no-move-case) it must mean another
-  // constant is on the right (otherwise the shared CMove::Ideal code would
-  // have moved the constant to the right). This situation is bad for x86 because
+  // If zero is the false-case (no-move-case) it must mean another
+  // constant is on the true-case input (otherwise the shared CMove::Ideal code would
+  // have moved the constant to the true-case input). This situation is bad for x86 because
   // the zero has to be manifested in a register with a XOR which kills flags,
   // which are live on input to the CMoveI, leading to a situation which causes
   // excessive spilling. See bug 4677505.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/movenode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/movenode.hpp
index 92c59b6f6b1..e17b1ed33cc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/movenode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/movenode.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -30,24 +30,23 @@
 //------------------------------CMoveNode--------------------------------------
 // Conditional move
 class CMoveNode : public TypeNode {
-  public:
+ public:
   enum { Control,               // When is it safe to do this cmove?
     Condition,             // Condition controlling the cmove
     IfFalse,               // Value if condition is false
     IfTrue };              // Value if condition is true
-  CMoveNode( Node *bol, Node *left, Node *right, const Type *t ) : TypeNode(t,4)
-  {
+  CMoveNode(Node* bol, Node* false_value, Node* true_value, const Type* t) : TypeNode(t, 4) {
     init_class_id(Class_CMove);
     // all inputs are nullified in Node::Node(int)
     // init_req(Control,nullptr);
-    init_req(Condition,bol);
-    init_req(IfFalse,left);
-    init_req(IfTrue,right);
+    init_req(Condition, bol);
+    init_req(IfFalse, false_value);
+    init_req(IfTrue, true_value);
   }
-  virtual Node *Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape);
-  virtual const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const;
-  virtual Node* Identity(PhaseGVN* phase);
-  static CMoveNode* make(Node* bol, Node* left, Node* right, const Type* t);
+  Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) override;
+  const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const override;
+  Node* Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) override;
+  static CMoveNode* make(Node* bol, Node* false_value, Node* true_value, const Type* t);
   static bool supported(const Type* t);
   // Helper function to spot cmove graph shapes
   static Node* is_cmove_id(PhaseTransform* phase, Node* cmp, Node* t, Node* f, BoolNode* b);
@@ -56,47 +55,47 @@ class CMoveNode : public TypeNode {
 
 //------------------------------CMoveDNode-------------------------------------
 class CMoveDNode : public CMoveNode {
-  public:
-  CMoveDNode( Node *bol, Node *left, Node *right, const Type* t) : CMoveNode(bol,left,right,t){}
-  virtual int Opcode() const;
-  virtual Node *Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape);
+ public:
+  CMoveDNode(Node* bol, Node* false_value, Node* true_value, const Type* t) : CMoveNode(bol, false_value, true_value, t) {}
+  int Opcode() const override;
+  Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) override;
 };
 
 //------------------------------CMoveFNode-------------------------------------
 class CMoveFNode : public CMoveNode {
-  public:
-  CMoveFNode( Node *bol, Node *left, Node *right, const Type* t ) : CMoveNode(bol,left,right,t) {}
-  virtual int Opcode() const;
-  virtual Node *Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape);
+ public:
+  CMoveFNode(Node* bol, Node* false_value, Node* true_value, const Type* t) : CMoveNode(bol, false_value, true_value, t) {}
+  int Opcode() const override;
+  Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) override;
 };
 
 //------------------------------CMoveINode-------------------------------------
 class CMoveINode : public CMoveNode {
-  public:
-  CMoveINode( Node *bol, Node *left, Node *right, const TypeInt *ti ) : CMoveNode(bol,left,right,ti){}
-  virtual int Opcode() const;
-  virtual Node *Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape);
+ public:
+  CMoveINode(Node* bol, Node* false_value, Node* true_value, const TypeInt* ti) : CMoveNode(bol, false_value, true_value, ti) {}
+  int Opcode() const override;
+  Node *Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) override;
 };
 
 //------------------------------CMoveLNode-------------------------------------
 class CMoveLNode : public CMoveNode {
-  public:
-  CMoveLNode(Node *bol, Node *left, Node *right, const TypeLong *tl ) : CMoveNode(bol,left,right,tl){}
-  virtual int Opcode() const;
+ public:
+  CMoveLNode(Node* bol, Node* false_value, Node* true_value, const TypeLong* tl) : CMoveNode(bol, false_value, true_value, tl) {}
+  int Opcode() const override;
 };
 
 //------------------------------CMovePNode-------------------------------------
 class CMovePNode : public CMoveNode {
-  public:
-  CMovePNode(Node* bol, Node* left, Node* right, const TypePtr* t) : CMoveNode(bol, left, right, t) {}
-  virtual int Opcode() const;
+ public:
+  CMovePNode(Node* bol, Node* false_value, Node* true_value, const TypePtr* t) : CMoveNode(bol, false_value, true_value, t) {}
+  int Opcode() const override;
 };
 
 //------------------------------CMoveNNode-------------------------------------
 class CMoveNNode : public CMoveNode {
-  public:
-  CMoveNNode(Node* bol, Node* left, Node* right, const Type* t ) : CMoveNode(bol, left, right, t) {}
-  virtual int Opcode() const;
+ public:
+  CMoveNNode(Node* bol, Node* false_value, Node* true_value, const Type* t) : CMoveNode(bol, false_value, true_value, t) {}
+  int Opcode() const override;
 };
 
 //

From 62cc4efba20637755ffb3cea8ccabe2b370125ca Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Stuefe <stuefe@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 2026 08:11:59 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 332/707] 8388712: [s390x, ppc]
 runtime/CompressedOops/CompressedClassPointersEncodingScheme.java fails since
 JDK-8387652

Reviewed-by: amitkumar, mbaesken
---
 src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.cpp    |  7 ++-----
 ...CompressedClassPointersEncodingScheme.java | 21 +++++++++++--------
 2 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.cpp
index 134f5a93365..4c79a858031 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.cpp
@@ -241,12 +241,9 @@ void CompressedKlassPointers::initialize(address addr, size_t len) {
     // a cacheline size.
     _base = addr;
 
+    const int log2_len_to_cover = log2i_ceil(len);
     const int log_cacheline = exact_log2(DEFAULT_CACHE_LINE_SIZE);
-    int s = max_shift();
-    while (s > log_cacheline && ((size_t)nth_bit(narrow_klass_pointer_bits() + s - 1) > len)) {
-      s--;
-    }
-    _shift = s;
+    _shift = MAX2(log_cacheline, log2_len_to_cover - narrow_klass_pointer_bits());
 
   } else {
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CompressedOops/CompressedClassPointersEncodingScheme.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CompressedOops/CompressedClassPointersEncodingScheme.java
index f4ef0800a73..a8c03e259fc 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CompressedOops/CompressedClassPointersEncodingScheme.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CompressedOops/CompressedClassPointersEncodingScheme.java
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@
 import jdk.test.lib.Platform;
 import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
 import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
-import jtreg.SkippedException;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 
@@ -102,14 +101,18 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         // Compact Object Header Mode:
         // We expect the VM to chose the smallest possible shift value needed to cover the encoding range.
         // We expect the encoding Base to start at the class space start - but to enforce that,
-        // we choose unsuited to even shift-extended zero-based mode.
+        // we choose a base unsuited to even shift-extended zero-based mode.
         forceAddress = 32 * G;
+        int minShift = 6;
+        if (Platform.isPPC()) minShift = 7;
+        if (Platform.isS390x()) minShift = 8;
 
-        test(forceAddress, true, 128 * M, forceAddress, 6);
-        test(forceAddress, true, 256 * M, forceAddress, 7);
-        test(forceAddress, true, 512 * M, forceAddress, 8);
-        test(forceAddress, true, G, forceAddress, 9);
-        test(forceAddress, true, 3 * G, forceAddress, 10);
+        test(forceAddress, true, 128 * M, forceAddress, Math.max(minShift, 5));
+        test(forceAddress, true, 256 * M, forceAddress, Math.max(minShift, 6));
+        test(forceAddress, true, 512 * M, forceAddress, Math.max(minShift, 7));
+        test(forceAddress, true, G, forceAddress, Math.max(minShift, 8));
+        test(forceAddress, true, 2 * G, forceAddress, Math.max(minShift, 9));
+        test(forceAddress, true, 4 * G, forceAddress, 10);
 
         // Test a "crooked" base address:
         // - just aligned enough to pass metaspace reserve alignment test of 16MB.
@@ -118,8 +121,8 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         // - small enough to not cause test errors on small devices (e.g. arm64 39bit address space)
         // - large enough to not end up with zero-based encoding
         forceAddress = 0x0000000d55000000L;
-        test(forceAddress, true, 32 * M, forceAddress, 6);
-        test(forceAddress, false, 32 * M, forceAddress, 0);
+        test(forceAddress, true, 4 * G, forceAddress, 10);
+        test(forceAddress, false, 4 * G, forceAddress, 0);
 
     }
 }

From e0f60015f692daca64e0450fc9d71e8e3fe627cf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eric Fang <erfang@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 2026 09:44:31 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 333/707] 8388543: AArch64: VectorAPI: replace sve_dup+mov with
 fmovd in sve_vmask_fromlong

Reviewed-by: aph, haosun
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 7d490a99eaa..9e67b27ad38 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -1506,9 +1506,9 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::sve_vmask_fromlong(FloatRegister dst, Register src,
   // Expected:  dst = 0x00 01 01 00 00 01 00 01 01 00 00 00 01 01 00 01
 
   // Put long value from general purpose register into the first lane of vector.
+  // The higher lanes are set to zero.
   // vtmp = 0x0000000000000000 | 0x000000000000658D
-  sve_dup(vtmp, B, 0);
-  mov(vtmp, D, 0, src);
+  fmovd(vtmp, src);
 
   // Transform the value in the first lane which is mask in bit now to the mask in
   // byte, which can be done by SVE2's BDEP instruction.

From a4e39d6b17bf053f912c29652d5f4ba9a46bef3f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Richard Reingruber <rrich@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 2026 14:27:08 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 334/707] 8388443: C2: Assertion in PhaseRegAlloc::reg2offset()
 is too strict

Reviewed-by: mbaesken, goetz
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/regalloc.cpp | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/regalloc.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/regalloc.cpp
index 644296715f5..b05a2f3cc6b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/regalloc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/regalloc.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ int PhaseRegAlloc::reg2offset( OptoReg::Name reg ) const {
            reg <  _matcher._in_arg_limit) ||
           reg >=  OptoReg::add(_matcher._new_SP, C->out_preserve_stack_slots()) ||
           // Allow return_addr in the out-preserve area.
-          reg == _matcher.return_addr(),
+          reg == _matcher.return_addr() LP64_ONLY(|| OptoReg::add(reg, -1) == _matcher.return_addr()),
           "register allocated in a preserve area" );
   return reg2offset_unchecked( reg );
 }

From e6f5c5dc426d75a107fe13ec6d803f05d7764a98 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: William Kemper <wkemper@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 2026 17:28:20 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 335/707] 8388809: Shenandoah: Control thread may observe
 incorrect cancellation reason

Reviewed-by: kdnilsen, serb, ruili
---
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahControlThread.cpp | 27 ++++++++++---------
 .../shenandoahGenerationalControlThread.cpp   |  6 ++---
 2 files changed, 18 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahControlThread.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahControlThread.cpp
index 3fefae58ef8..7549fe02316 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahControlThread.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahControlThread.cpp
@@ -306,22 +306,25 @@ void ShenandoahControlThread::service_concurrent_normal_cycle(GCCause::Cause cau
 }
 
 bool ShenandoahControlThread::check_cancellation_or_degen(ShenandoahGC::ShenandoahDegenPoint point) {
+  // Only read the cancellation cause once. Other threads may change it.
   ShenandoahHeap* heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
-  if (heap->cancelled_gc()) {
-    if (heap->cancelled_cause() == GCCause::_shenandoah_stop_vm) {
-      return true;
-    }
+  const GCCause::Cause cancelled_cause = heap->cancelled_cause();
+  if (cancelled_cause == GCCause::_no_gc) {
+    return false;
+  }
 
-    if (ShenandoahCollectorPolicy::is_allocation_failure(heap->cancelled_cause())) {
-      assert (_degen_point == ShenandoahGC::_degenerated_outside_cycle,
-              "Should not be set yet: %s", ShenandoahGC::degen_point_to_string(_degen_point));
-      _degen_point = point;
-      return true;
-    }
+  if (cancelled_cause == GCCause::_shenandoah_stop_vm) {
+    return true;
+  }
 
-    fatal("Unexpected reason for cancellation: %s", GCCause::to_string(heap->cancelled_cause()));
+  if (ShenandoahCollectorPolicy::is_allocation_failure(cancelled_cause)) {
+    assert (_degen_point == ShenandoahGC::_degenerated_outside_cycle,
+            "Should not be set yet: %s", ShenandoahGC::degen_point_to_string(_degen_point));
+    _degen_point = point;
+    return true;
   }
-  return false;
+
+  fatal("Unexpected reason for cancellation: %s", GCCause::to_string(cancelled_cause));
 }
 
 void ShenandoahControlThread::stop_service() {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalControlThread.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalControlThread.cpp
index c01d82acbe2..5d2e58559ee 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalControlThread.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalControlThread.cpp
@@ -576,11 +576,12 @@ void ShenandoahGenerationalControlThread::service_concurrent_cycle(ShenandoahGen
 }
 
 bool ShenandoahGenerationalControlThread::check_cancellation_or_degen(ShenandoahGC::ShenandoahDegenPoint point) {
-  if (!_heap->cancelled_gc()) {
+  // Only read the cancellation cause once. Other threads may change it.
+  const GCCause::Cause cancelled_cause = _heap->cancelled_cause();
+  if (cancelled_cause == GCCause::_no_gc) {
     return false;
   }
 
-  const GCCause::Cause cancelled_cause = _heap->cancelled_cause();
   if (cancelled_cause == GCCause::_shenandoah_stop_vm
       || cancelled_cause == GCCause::_shenandoah_concurrent_gc) {
     log_debug(gc, thread)("Cancellation detected, reason: %s", GCCause::to_string(cancelled_cause));
@@ -600,7 +601,6 @@ bool ShenandoahGenerationalControlThread::check_cancellation_or_degen(Shenandoah
   }
 
   fatal("Cancel GC either for alloc failure GC, or gracefully exiting, or to pause old generation marking");
-  return false;
 }
 
 void ShenandoahGenerationalControlThread::service_stw_full_cycle(GCCause::Cause cause) {

From bb2cdfe5692db91a3e7ca997ab46f3783f69d7f5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ashutosh Mehra <asmehra@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 2026 18:09:00 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 336/707] 8387743: [aot] AOT tests fail intermittently with
 "incompatible CompressedOops::base()"

Reviewed-by: kvn, iklam
---
 .../aotCode/AOTCodeCompressedOopsTest.java    |   3 +
 .../runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AOTFlags.java |   4 +
 test/lib/jdk/test/lib/cds/CDSAppTester.java   | 132 ++++++++++--------
 3 files changed, 81 insertions(+), 58 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeCompressedOopsTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeCompressedOopsTest.java
index aea4f7e9f8f..29b0f59b238 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeCompressedOopsTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeCompressedOopsTest.java
@@ -125,7 +125,10 @@ public String[] vmArgs(RunMode runMode) {
             switch (runMode) {
             case RunMode.ASSEMBLY: {
                     List<String> args = getVMArgsForHeapConfig(zeroBaseInAsmPhase, zeroShiftInAsmPhase);
+                    // By default CDSAppTester adds -XX:+AOTCompatibleOopCompression option,
+                    // which defeats the purpose of this test. So disable this option.
                     args.addAll(List.of("-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                                        "-XX:-AOTCompatibleOopCompression",
                                         "-Xlog:aot=info",
                                         "-Xlog:aot+codecache+init=debug",
                                         "-Xlog:aot+codecache+exit=debug"));
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AOTFlags.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AOTFlags.java
index dcb2b595243..56c31dcdbda 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AOTFlags.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AOTFlags.java
@@ -72,6 +72,8 @@ static void positiveTests() throws Exception {
             "-XX:AOTConfiguration=" + aotConfigFile,
             "-XX:AOTCache=" + aotCacheFile,
             "-Xlog:aot",
+            "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+            "-XX:+AOTCompatibleOopCompression", // avoid production run failure due to incompatible CompressedOops::base
             "-cp", appJar);
         out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "asm");
         out.shouldContain("AOTCache creation is complete");
@@ -142,6 +144,8 @@ static void positiveTests() throws Exception {
             "-XX:AOTConfiguration=" + aotConfigFile,
             "-XX:AOTCache=" + aotCacheFile,
             "-Xlog:aot",
+            "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+            "-XX:+AOTCompatibleOopCompression", // avoid production run failure due to incompatible CompressedOops::base
             "-cp", appJar);
         out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "asm");
         out.shouldContain("AOTCache creation is complete");
diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/cds/CDSAppTester.java b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/cds/CDSAppTester.java
index 80ff54021f5..0be21b9ec27 100644
--- a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/cds/CDSAppTester.java
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/cds/CDSAppTester.java
@@ -228,9 +228,18 @@ private OutputAnalyzer executeAndCheck(String[] cmdLine, RunMode runMode, String
         return output;
     }
 
-    private String[] addCommonVMArgs(RunMode runMode, String[] cmdLine) {
+    // This method should be called before `vmArgs()`, so that subclasses of CDSAppTester
+    // can have a chance to override the flags set here.
+    private String[] addCommonVMArgs(RunMode runMode) {
+        String[] cmdLine = new String[0];
         cmdLine = addClassOrModulePath(runMode, cmdLine);
         cmdLine = addWhiteBox(cmdLine);
+        // In one-step workflow ASSEMBLY phase is not executed separately.
+        // Therefore AOTCompatibleOopCompression needs to be passed to the TRAINING phase,
+        // so that it can be propagated to the ASSEMBLY phase.
+        if (runMode == RunMode.TRAINING || runMode == RunMode.ASSEMBLY) {
+          cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(cmdLine, "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:+AOTCompatibleOopCompression");
+        }
         return cmdLine;
     }
 
@@ -261,30 +270,32 @@ private String[] addWhiteBox(String[] cmdLine) {
 
     private OutputAnalyzer recordAOTConfiguration() throws Exception {
         RunMode runMode = RunMode.TRAINING;
-        String[] cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(vmArgs(runMode),
-                                                   "-XX:AOTMode=record",
-                                                   "-XX:AOTConfiguration=" + aotConfigurationFile,
-                                                   logToFile(aotConfigurationFileLog,
-                                                             "class+load=debug",
-                                                             "aot=debug",
-                                                             "cds=debug",
-                                                             "aot+class=debug"));
-        cmdLine = addCommonVMArgs(runMode, cmdLine);
+        String[] cmdLine = addCommonVMArgs(runMode);
+        cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(cmdLine, vmArgs(runMode));
+        cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(cmdLine,
+                                          "-XX:AOTMode=record",
+                                          "-XX:AOTConfiguration=" + aotConfigurationFile,
+                                          logToFile(aotConfigurationFileLog,
+                                                    "class+load=debug",
+                                                    "aot=debug",
+                                                    "cds=debug",
+                                                    "aot+class=debug"));
         cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(cmdLine, appCommandLine(runMode));
         return executeAndCheck(cmdLine, runMode, aotConfigurationFile, aotConfigurationFileLog);
     }
 
     private OutputAnalyzer createAOTCacheOneStep() throws Exception {
         RunMode runMode = RunMode.TRAINING;
-        String[] cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(vmArgs(runMode),
-                                                   "-XX:AOTMode=record",
-                                                   "-XX:AOTCacheOutput=" + aotCacheFile,
-                                                   logToFile(aotCacheFileLog,
-                                                             "class+load=debug",
-                                                             "aot=debug",
-                                                             "aot+class=debug",
-                                                             "cds=debug"));
-        cmdLine = addCommonVMArgs(runMode, cmdLine);
+        String[] cmdLine = addCommonVMArgs(runMode);
+        cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(cmdLine, vmArgs(runMode));
+        cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(cmdLine,
+                                          "-XX:AOTMode=record",
+                                          "-XX:AOTCacheOutput=" + aotCacheFile,
+                                          logToFile(aotCacheFileLog,
+                                                    "class+load=debug",
+                                                    "aot=debug",
+                                                    "aot+class=debug",
+                                                    "cds=debug"));
         cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(cmdLine, appCommandLine(runMode));
         OutputAnalyzer out =  executeAndCheck(cmdLine, runMode, aotCacheFile, aotCacheFileLog);
         listOutputFile(aotCacheFileLog + ".0"); // the log file for the training run
@@ -293,52 +304,55 @@ private OutputAnalyzer createAOTCacheOneStep() throws Exception {
 
     private OutputAnalyzer createClassList() throws Exception {
         RunMode runMode = RunMode.TRAINING;
-        String[] cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(vmArgs(runMode),
-                                                   "-Xshare:off",
-                                                   "-XX:DumpLoadedClassList=" + classListFile,
-                                                   logToFile(classListFileLog,
-                                                             "class+load=debug"));
-        cmdLine = addCommonVMArgs(runMode, cmdLine);
+        String[] cmdLine = addCommonVMArgs(runMode);
+        cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(cmdLine, vmArgs(runMode));
+        cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(cmdLine,
+                                          "-Xshare:off",
+                                          "-XX:DumpLoadedClassList=" + classListFile,
+                                          logToFile(classListFileLog,
+                                                    "class+load=debug"));
         cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(cmdLine, appCommandLine(runMode));
         return executeAndCheck(cmdLine, runMode, classListFile, classListFileLog);
     }
 
     private OutputAnalyzer dumpStaticArchive() throws Exception {
         RunMode runMode = RunMode.DUMP_STATIC;
-        String[] cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(vmArgs(runMode),
-                                                   "-Xlog:aot",
-                                                   "-Xlog:aot+heap=error",
-                                                   "-Xlog:cds",
-                                                   "-Xshare:dump",
-                                                   "-XX:SharedArchiveFile=" + staticArchiveFile,
-                                                   "-XX:SharedClassListFile=" + classListFile,
-                                                   logToFile(staticArchiveFileLog,
-                                                             "aot=debug",
-                                                             "cds=debug",
-                                                             "cds+class=debug",
-                                                             "aot+heap=warning",
-                                                             "aot+resolve=debug"));
-        cmdLine = addCommonVMArgs(runMode, cmdLine);
+        String[] cmdLine = addCommonVMArgs(runMode);
+        cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(cmdLine, vmArgs(runMode));
+        cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(cmdLine,
+                                          "-Xlog:aot",
+                                          "-Xlog:aot+heap=error",
+                                          "-Xlog:cds",
+                                          "-Xshare:dump",
+                                          "-XX:SharedArchiveFile=" + staticArchiveFile,
+                                          "-XX:SharedClassListFile=" + classListFile,
+                                          logToFile(staticArchiveFileLog,
+                                                    "aot=debug",
+                                                    "cds=debug",
+                                                    "cds+class=debug",
+                                                    "aot+heap=warning",
+                                                    "aot+resolve=debug"));
         cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(cmdLine, appCommandLine(runMode));
         return executeAndCheck(cmdLine, runMode, staticArchiveFile, staticArchiveFileLog);
     }
 
     private OutputAnalyzer createAOTCache() throws Exception {
         RunMode runMode = RunMode.ASSEMBLY;
-        String[] cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(vmArgs(runMode),
-                                                   "-Xlog:aot",
-                                                   "-Xlog:aot+heap=error",
-                                                   "-Xlog:cds",
-                                                   "-XX:AOTMode=create",
-                                                   "-XX:AOTConfiguration=" + aotConfigurationFile,
-                                                   "-XX:AOTCache=" + aotCacheFile,
-                                                   logToFile(aotCacheFileLog,
-                                                             "cds=debug",
-                                                             "aot=debug",
-                                                             "aot+class=debug",
-                                                             "aot+heap=warning",
-                                                             "aot+resolve=debug"));
-        cmdLine = addCommonVMArgs(runMode, cmdLine);
+        String[] cmdLine = addCommonVMArgs(runMode);
+        cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(cmdLine, vmArgs(runMode));
+        cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(cmdLine,
+                                          "-Xlog:aot",
+                                          "-Xlog:aot+heap=error",
+                                          "-Xlog:cds",
+                                          "-XX:AOTMode=create",
+                                          "-XX:AOTConfiguration=" + aotConfigurationFile,
+                                          "-XX:AOTCache=" + aotCacheFile,
+                                          logToFile(aotCacheFileLog,
+                                                    "cds=debug",
+                                                    "aot=debug",
+                                                    "aot+class=debug",
+                                                    "aot+heap=warning",
+                                                    "aot+resolve=debug"));
         cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(cmdLine, appCommandLine(runMode));
         return executeAndCheck(cmdLine, runMode, aotCacheFile, aotCacheFileLog);
     }
@@ -387,7 +401,9 @@ private OutputAnalyzer dumpDynamicArchive() throws Exception {
         String baseArchive = getBaseArchiveForDynamicArchive();
         if (isDynamicWorkflow()) {
           // "classic" dynamic archive
-          cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(vmArgs(runMode),
+          cmdLine = addCommonVMArgs(runMode);
+          cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(cmdLine, vmArgs(runMode));
+          cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(cmdLine,
                                             "-Xlog:aot",
                                             "-Xlog:cds",
                                             "-XX:ArchiveClassesAtExit=" + dynamicArchiveFile,
@@ -397,7 +413,6 @@ private OutputAnalyzer dumpDynamicArchive() throws Exception {
                                                       "cds+class=debug",
                                                       "aot+resolve=debug",
                                                       "class+load=debug"));
-          cmdLine = addCommonVMArgs(runMode, cmdLine);
         }
         if (baseArchive != null) {
             cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(cmdLine, "-XX:SharedArchiveFile=" + baseArchive);
@@ -418,9 +433,10 @@ public OutputAnalyzer productionRun(String[] extraVmArgs) throws Exception {
     // using different args to the VM and application.
     public OutputAnalyzer productionRun(String[] extraVmArgs, String[] extraAppArgs) throws Exception {
         RunMode runMode = RunMode.PRODUCTION;
-        String[] cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(vmArgs(runMode),
-                                                   logToFile(productionRunLog(), "aot", "cds"));
-        cmdLine = addCommonVMArgs(runMode, cmdLine);
+        String[] cmdLine = addCommonVMArgs(runMode);
+        cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(cmdLine, vmArgs(runMode));
+        cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(cmdLine,
+                                          logToFile(productionRunLog(), "aot", "cds"));
 
         if (isStaticWorkflow()) {
             cmdLine = StringArrayUtils.concat(cmdLine, "-Xshare:on", "-XX:SharedArchiveFile=" + staticArchiveFile);

From 67afba7cbeeffcdd7d945d35ae72faa7d615db40 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Galder=20Zamarre=C3=B1o?= <galder@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 2026 20:31:59 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 337/707] 8364025: MinMaxVector clipping range benchmark
 highestInt/Long can overflow

Reviewed-by: roland, kxu
---
 test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/java/lang/MinMaxVector.java | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/java/lang/MinMaxVector.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/java/lang/MinMaxVector.java
index 3e4dc07c394..3aa89604273 100644
--- a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/java/lang/MinMaxVector.java
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/java/lang/MinMaxVector.java
@@ -185,11 +185,11 @@ public void setup() {
             }
 
             final IntSummaryStatistics intStats = Arrays.stream(ints).summaryStatistics();
-            highestInt = (intStats.getMax() * range) / 100;
+            highestInt = (int) (intStats.getMax() * (range / 100f));
             lowestInt = intStats.getMin() + (intStats.getMax() - highestInt);
 
             final LongSummaryStatistics longStats = Arrays.stream(longs).summaryStatistics();
-            highestLong = (longStats.getMax() * range) / 100;
+            highestLong = (long) (longStats.getMax() * (range / 100f));
             lowestLong = longStats.getMin() + (longStats.getMax() - highestLong);
         }
     }

From 97544c7ede81c0852a299fef16bd00f3c773963b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Lijuan Li <lilijuan@iscas.ac.cn>
Date: Sat, 25 Jul 2026 01:07:08 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 338/707] 8321012: RISC-V: C2 ExtractUB

Reviewed-by: fyang, dzhang
---
 .../cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp     | 11 +++++++
 .../cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.hpp     |  3 ++
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad              | 30 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../vectorapi/VectorMaskLaneIsSetTest.java    | 28 ++++++++---------
 4 files changed, 58 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
index 8d383f07c9a..b658e36bd59 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -3295,6 +3295,17 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::extract_v(Register dst, VectorRegister src,
   }
 }
 
+// Extract a scalar element from a vector at position 'idx'.
+// The input elements in src are expected to be of integral type.
+void C2_MacroAssembler::extract_v(Register dst, VectorRegister src,
+                                  BasicType bt, Register idx, VectorRegister vtmp) {
+  assert(is_integral_type(bt), "unsupported element type");
+  // Only need the first element after vector slidedown
+  vsetvli_helper(bt, 1);
+  vslidedown_vx(vtmp, src, idx);
+  vmv_x_s(dst, vtmp);
+}
+
 // Extract a scalar element from an vector at position 'idx'.
 // The input elements in src are expected to be of floating point type.
 void C2_MacroAssembler::extract_fp_v(FloatRegister dst, VectorRegister src,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.hpp
index 468d53b1a54..d432e93b973 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.hpp
@@ -299,6 +299,9 @@
   void extract_v(Register dst, VectorRegister src,
                  BasicType bt, int idx, VectorRegister vtmp);
 
+  void extract_v(Register dst, VectorRegister src,
+                 BasicType bt, Register idx, VectorRegister vtmp);
+
   void extract_fp_v(FloatRegister dst, VectorRegister src,
                     BasicType bt, int idx, VectorRegister vtmp);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad
index 2a63221de04..7b3d40cc636 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad
@@ -5051,6 +5051,36 @@ instruct extractD(fRegD dst, vReg src, immI idx, vReg tmp)
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
 
+instruct extractUB_index_imm(iRegINoSp dst, vReg src, immI idx, vReg tmp)
+%{
+  match(Set dst (ExtractUB src idx));
+  effect(TEMP tmp);
+  format %{ "extractUB_index_imm $dst, $src, $idx\t# KILL $tmp" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    // Input "src" is a vector of boolean represented as
+    // bytes with 0x00/0x01 as element values.
+    // "idx" is expected to be in range.
+    __ extract_v($dst$$Register, as_VectorRegister($src$$reg), T_BOOLEAN,
+                 (int)($idx$$constant), as_VectorRegister($tmp$$reg));
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
+instruct extractUB_index_reg(iRegINoSp dst, vReg src, iRegI idx, vReg tmp)
+%{
+  match(Set dst (ExtractUB src idx));
+  effect(TEMP tmp);
+  format %{ "extractUB_index_reg $dst, $src, $idx\t# KILL $tmp" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    // Input "src" is a vector of boolean represented as
+    // bytes with 0x00/0x01 as element values.
+    // "idx" is expected to be in range.
+    __ extract_v($dst$$Register, as_VectorRegister($src$$reg), T_BOOLEAN,
+                 $idx$$Register, as_VectorRegister($tmp$$reg));
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
 // ------------------------------ Compress/Expand Operations -------------------
 
 instruct mcompress(vRegMask dst, vRegMask src, vReg tmp) %{
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorMaskLaneIsSetTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorMaskLaneIsSetTest.java
index 17d483f1b16..f318f01ebac 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorMaskLaneIsSetTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorMaskLaneIsSetTest.java
@@ -68,8 +68,8 @@ public class VectorMaskLaneIsSetTest {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_LANE_IS_SET, "= 6" }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "asimd", "true" })
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_TO_LONG, "= 6" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = { "avx2", "true", "rvv", "true" })
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_LANE_IS_SET, "= 6" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = { "asimd", "true", "rvv", "true" })
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_TO_LONG, "= 6" }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "avx2", "true" })
     public static void testVectorMaskLaneIsSetByte_const() {
         Asserts.assertEquals(ma[0], mask_b.laneIsSet(0));
         Asserts.assertEquals(ma[0], mask_s.laneIsSet(0));
@@ -80,8 +80,8 @@ public static void testVectorMaskLaneIsSetByte_const() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_LANE_IS_SET, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "asimd", "true" })
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_TO_LONG, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = { "avx", "true", "rvv", "true" })
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_LANE_IS_SET, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = { "asimd", "true", "rvv", "true" })
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_TO_LONG, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "avx", "true" })
     public static boolean testVectorMaskLaneIsSet_Byte_variable(int i) {
         return mask_b.laneIsSet(i);
     }
@@ -92,8 +92,8 @@ public static void testVectorMaskLaneIsSet_Byte_variable_runner() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_LANE_IS_SET, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "asimd", "true" })
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_TO_LONG, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = { "avx", "true", "rvv", "true" })
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_LANE_IS_SET, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = { "asimd", "true", "rvv", "true" })
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_TO_LONG, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "avx", "true" })
     public static boolean testVectorMaskLaneIsSet_Short_variable(int i) {
         return mask_s.laneIsSet(i);
     }
@@ -104,8 +104,8 @@ public static void testVectorMaskLaneIsSet_Short_variable_runner() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_LANE_IS_SET, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "asimd", "true" })
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_TO_LONG, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = { "avx", "true", "rvv", "true" })
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_LANE_IS_SET, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = { "asimd", "true", "rvv", "true" })
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_TO_LONG, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "avx", "true" })
     public static boolean testVectorMaskLaneIsSet_Int_variable(int i) {
         return mask_i.laneIsSet(i);
     }
@@ -116,8 +116,8 @@ public static void testVectorMaskLaneIsSet_Int_variable_runner() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_LANE_IS_SET, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "asimd", "true" })
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_TO_LONG, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = { "avx2", "true", "rvv", "true" })
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_LANE_IS_SET, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = { "asimd", "true", "rvv", "true" })
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_TO_LONG, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "avx2", "true" })
     public static boolean testVectorMaskLaneIsSet_Long_variable(int i) {
         return mask_l.laneIsSet(i);
     }
@@ -128,8 +128,8 @@ public static void testVectorMaskLaneIsSet_Long_variable_runner() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_LANE_IS_SET, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "asimd", "true" })
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_TO_LONG, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = { "avx", "true", "rvv", "true" })
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_LANE_IS_SET, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = { "asimd", "true", "rvv", "true" })
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_TO_LONG, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "avx", "true" })
     public static boolean testVectorMaskLaneIsSet_Float_variable(int i) {
         return mask_f.laneIsSet(i);
     }
@@ -140,8 +140,8 @@ public static void testVectorMaskLaneIsSet_Float_variable_runner() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_LANE_IS_SET, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "asimd", "true" })
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_TO_LONG, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = { "avx2", "true", "rvv", "true" })
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_LANE_IS_SET, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = { "asimd", "true", "rvv", "true" })
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_MASK_TO_LONG, "= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "avx2", "true" })
     public static boolean testVectorMaskLaneIsSet_Double_variable(int i) {
         return mask_d.laneIsSet(i);
     }

From 3412d4c0dd5250f14cc6fe594355bdf2ff976417 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Per Minborg <pminborg@openjdk.org>
Date: Sat, 25 Jul 2026 07:54:18 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 339/707] 8387722: The race during initialization or lazy
 constants in and Map/Set

Reviewed-by: jvernee
---
 src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/LazyCollections.java | 6 ++++++
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/LazyCollections.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/LazyCollections.java
index e15721db2ce..f74fbad358b 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/LazyCollections.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/LazyCollections.java
@@ -675,6 +675,12 @@ private static <T> T orElseComputeSlowPath(final T[] array,
         final long offset = offsetFor(index);
         final Object mutex = mutexes.acquireMutex(offset);
         if (mutex == null) {
+            // There might be a race where the value is already computed and
+            // the mutex is cleared, so we need to re-check the value again
+            final T t = (T) UNSAFE.getReferenceAcquire(array, offset);
+            if (t != null) {
+                return t;
+            }
             throwIfPreviousException(index, throwables, input);
             // There must be an exception
             throw cannotReachHere(functionHolder, input);

From 1bc03f02a189dc57be113980aa9c50500e36e9de Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: April Ivy <aivy@openjdk.org>
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2026 02:05:45 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 340/707] 8388827: Unused Gen.CodeSizeOverflow

Reviewed-by: liach
---
 .../classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java      | 15 +--------------
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java
index 0b111e07c75..91493776ccc 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java
@@ -903,13 +903,6 @@ public void genArgs(List<JCExpression> trees, List<Type> pts) {
  * Visitor methods for statements and definitions
  *************************************************************************/
 
-    /** Thrown when the byte code size exceeds limit.
-     */
-    public static class CodeSizeOverflow extends RuntimeException {
-        private static final long serialVersionUID = 0;
-        public CodeSizeOverflow() {}
-    }
-
     public void visitMethodDef(JCMethodDecl tree) {
         // Create a new local environment that points pack at method
         // definition.
@@ -956,13 +949,7 @@ else if (tree.body != null) {
                 // Create a new code structure and initialize it.
                 int startpcCrt = initCode(tree, env, fatcode);
 
-                try {
-                    genStat(tree.body, env);
-                } catch (CodeSizeOverflow e) {
-                    // Failed due to code limit, try again with jsr/ret
-                    startpcCrt = initCode(tree, env, fatcode);
-                    genStat(tree.body, env);
-                }
+                genStat(tree.body, env);
 
                 if (code.state.stacksize != 0) {
                     log.error(tree.body.pos(), Errors.StackSimError(tree.sym));

From 3859931f5ed52612595243bf11de5221072b6770 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Prasanta Sadhukhan <psadhukhan@openjdk.org>
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2026 06:13:15 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 341/707] 8387645: Replace obsolete sun.java2d.noddraw property
 with sun.java2d.d3d

Reviewed-by: prr
---
 .../jdk/java/awt/FullScreen/DisplayModeNoRefreshTest.java | 4 ++--
 .../MultimonFullscreenTest/MultimonFullscreenTest.java    | 8 ++++----
 .../NonExistentDisplayModeTest.java                       | 4 ++--
 test/jdk/java/awt/FullScreen/SetFSWindow/FSFrame.java     | 4 ++--
 test/jdk/java/awt/GraphicsDevice/CloneConfigsTest.java    | 4 ++--
 .../DeviceIdentificationTest.java                         | 4 ++--
 .../TranslucentShapedFrameTest.java                       | 4 ++--
 .../OpaqueImageToSurfaceBlitTest.java                     | 4 ++--
 .../StrikeDisposalCrashTest/StrikeDisposalCrashTest.java  | 4 ++--
 .../sun/java2d/SunGraphics2D/EmptyClipRenderingTest.java  | 4 ++--
 .../java2d/pipe/MutableColorTest/MutableColorTest.java    | 4 ++--
 test/jdk/sun/java2d/pipe/hw/RSLAPITest/RSLAPITest.java    | 4 ++--
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/java/awt/FullScreen/DisplayModeNoRefreshTest.java b/test/jdk/java/awt/FullScreen/DisplayModeNoRefreshTest.java
index a5299037122..b8cdd2d428b 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/awt/FullScreen/DisplayModeNoRefreshTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/awt/FullScreen/DisplayModeNoRefreshTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2004, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ public DisplayMode getNoRefreshDisplayMode(DisplayMode dm[]) {
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         try {
             EventQueue.invokeAndWait(() -> {
-                System.setProperty("sun.java2d.noddraw", "true");
+                System.setProperty("sun.java2d.d3d", "false");
                 fs = new DisplayModeNoRefreshTest();
             });
         } finally {
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/awt/FullScreen/MultimonFullscreenTest/MultimonFullscreenTest.java b/test/jdk/java/awt/FullScreen/MultimonFullscreenTest/MultimonFullscreenTest.java
index cd735165caf..8294a081eee 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/awt/FullScreen/MultimonFullscreenTest/MultimonFullscreenTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/awt/FullScreen/MultimonFullscreenTest/MultimonFullscreenTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -32,18 +32,18 @@
  *    You could, however, alt+tab out of a fullscreen window, or at least
  *    minimize it (if you've entered the fs mode with a Window, you'll need
  *    to minimize the owner frame).
- *    Note that there may be issues with FS exclusive mode with ddraw and
+ *    Note that there may be issues with FS exclusive mode with d3d draw and
  *    multiple fullscreen windows (one per device).
  *  - if display mode is supported that it did change
  *  - that the original display mode is restored once
  *    the ws window is disposed
  *  All of the above should work with and w/o DirectDraw
- *  (-Dsun.java2d.noddraw=true) on windows, and w/ and w/o opengl on X11
+ *  (-Dsun.java2d.d3d=false) on windows, and w/ and w/o opengl on X11
  *  (-Dsun.java2d.opengl=True).
  * @run main/manual/othervm -Dsun.java2d.pmoffscreen=true MultimonFullscreenTest
  * @run main/manual/othervm -Dsun.java2d.pmoffscreen=false MultimonFullscreenTest
  * @run main/manual/othervm -Dsun.java2d.d3d=True MultimonFullscreenTest
- * @run main/manual/othervm -Dsun.java2d.noddraw=true MultimonFullscreenTest
+ * @run main/manual/othervm -Dsun.java2d.d3d=false MultimonFullscreenTest
  * @run main/manual/othervm MultimonFullscreenTest
  */
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/awt/FullScreen/NonExistentDisplayModeTest/NonExistentDisplayModeTest.java b/test/jdk/java/awt/FullScreen/NonExistentDisplayModeTest/NonExistentDisplayModeTest.java
index 286d4324e30..c8f9d4a70ed 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/awt/FullScreen/NonExistentDisplayModeTest/NonExistentDisplayModeTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/awt/FullScreen/NonExistentDisplayModeTest/NonExistentDisplayModeTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2006, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2006, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
  * @summary Test that we throw an exception for incorrect display modes
  * @author Dmitri.Trembovetski@Sun.COM area=FullScreen
  * @run main/othervm NonExistentDisplayModeTest
- * @run main/othervm -Dsun.java2d.noddraw=true NonExistentDisplayModeTest
+ * @run main/othervm -Dsun.java2d.d3d=false NonExistentDisplayModeTest
  */
 public class NonExistentDisplayModeTest {
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/awt/FullScreen/SetFSWindow/FSFrame.java b/test/jdk/java/awt/FullScreen/SetFSWindow/FSFrame.java
index adc62fa3e4c..d2d8718622f 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/awt/FullScreen/SetFSWindow/FSFrame.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/awt/FullScreen/SetFSWindow/FSFrame.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
  * @summary verify that isFullScreenSupported and getFullScreenWindow work
  * correctly. Note that the test may fail on older Gnome versions (see bug 6500686).
  * @run main FSFrame
- * @run main/othervm -Dsun.java2d.noddraw=true FSFrame
+ * @run main/othervm -Dsun.java2d.d3d=false FSFrame
  */
 
 import java.awt.Color;
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/awt/GraphicsDevice/CloneConfigsTest.java b/test/jdk/java/awt/GraphicsDevice/CloneConfigsTest.java
index aac55d991cf..3b455079a06 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/awt/GraphicsDevice/CloneConfigsTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/awt/GraphicsDevice/CloneConfigsTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2009, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2009, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
  *
  * @run     main CloneConfigsTest
  * @run     main/othervm -Dsun.java2d.d3d=true CloneConfigsTest
- * @run     main/othervm -Dsun.java2d.noddraw=true CloneConfigsTest
+ * @run     main/othervm -Dsun.java2d.d3d=false CloneConfigsTest
  */
 
 import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration;
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/awt/Multiscreen/DeviceIdentificationTest/DeviceIdentificationTest.java b/test/jdk/java/awt/Multiscreen/DeviceIdentificationTest/DeviceIdentificationTest.java
index 684ac9e2538..cdaaad8688e 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/awt/Multiscreen/DeviceIdentificationTest/DeviceIdentificationTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/awt/Multiscreen/DeviceIdentificationTest/DeviceIdentificationTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
  * fs mode on the right device.
  *
  * @run main/manual/othervm DeviceIdentificationTest
- * @run main/manual/othervm -Dsun.java2d.noddraw=true DeviceIdentificationTest
+ * @run main/manual/othervm -Dsun.java2d.d3d=false DeviceIdentificationTest
  */
 
 import java.awt.Button;
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/awt/Window/TranslucentShapedFrameTest/TranslucentShapedFrameTest.java b/test/jdk/java/awt/Window/TranslucentShapedFrameTest/TranslucentShapedFrameTest.java
index b87c44d9078..33d63eb8b94 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/awt/Window/TranslucentShapedFrameTest/TranslucentShapedFrameTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/awt/Window/TranslucentShapedFrameTest/TranslucentShapedFrameTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
  * @compile -XDignore.symbol.file=true TranslucentShapedFrameTest.java
  * @compile -XDignore.symbol.file=true TSFrame.java
  * @run main/manual/othervm TranslucentShapedFrameTest
- * @run main/manual/othervm -Dsun.java2d.noddraw=true TranslucentShapedFrameTest
+ * @run main/manual/othervm -Dsun.java2d.d3d=false TranslucentShapedFrameTest
  */
 
 import java.awt.Color;
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/java2d/DirectX/OpaqueImageToSurfaceBlitTest/OpaqueImageToSurfaceBlitTest.java b/test/jdk/sun/java2d/DirectX/OpaqueImageToSurfaceBlitTest/OpaqueImageToSurfaceBlitTest.java
index 7c28691aab0..8298e9b8a1f 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/java2d/DirectX/OpaqueImageToSurfaceBlitTest/OpaqueImageToSurfaceBlitTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/java2d/DirectX/OpaqueImageToSurfaceBlitTest/OpaqueImageToSurfaceBlitTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
  * compositing
  * @author Dmitri.Trembovetski@sun.com: area=Graphics
  * @run main/othervm OpaqueImageToSurfaceBlitTest
- * @run main/othervm -Dsun.java2d.noddraw=true OpaqueImageToSurfaceBlitTest
+ * @run main/othervm -Dsun.java2d.d3d=false OpaqueImageToSurfaceBlitTest
  */
 
 import java.awt.AlphaComposite;
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/java2d/DirectX/StrikeDisposalCrashTest/StrikeDisposalCrashTest.java b/test/jdk/sun/java2d/DirectX/StrikeDisposalCrashTest/StrikeDisposalCrashTest.java
index 3237d090ea8..2cba32a5b9a 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/java2d/DirectX/StrikeDisposalCrashTest/StrikeDisposalCrashTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/java2d/DirectX/StrikeDisposalCrashTest/StrikeDisposalCrashTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
  * during the lifetime of the application
  *
  * @run main/othervm -Dsun.java2d.font.reftype=weak StrikeDisposalCrashTest
- * @run main/othervm -Dsun.java2d.font.reftype=weak -Dsun.java2d.noddraw=true StrikeDisposalCrashTest
+ * @run main/othervm -Dsun.java2d.font.reftype=weak -Dsun.java2d.d3d=false StrikeDisposalCrashTest
  */
 
 import java.awt.Font;
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/java2d/SunGraphics2D/EmptyClipRenderingTest.java b/test/jdk/sun/java2d/SunGraphics2D/EmptyClipRenderingTest.java
index 12770405bdd..a59399bc5df 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/java2d/SunGraphics2D/EmptyClipRenderingTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/java2d/SunGraphics2D/EmptyClipRenderingTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
  * @author Dmitri.Trembovetski@Sun.COM: area=Graphics
  * @modules java.desktop/sun.awt
  * @run main EmptyClipRenderingTest
- * @run main/othervm -Dsun.java2d.noddraw=true EmptyClipRenderingTest
+ * @run main/othervm -Dsun.java2d.d3d=false EmptyClipRenderingTest
  * @run main/othervm -Dsun.java2d.pmoffscreen=true EmptyClipRenderingTest
  */
 public class EmptyClipRenderingTest {
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/java2d/pipe/MutableColorTest/MutableColorTest.java b/test/jdk/sun/java2d/pipe/MutableColorTest/MutableColorTest.java
index 894153c399e..1c2650ae14a 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/java2d/pipe/MutableColorTest/MutableColorTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/java2d/pipe/MutableColorTest/MutableColorTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
  * manner) mutable Colors
  *
  * @run main/othervm MutableColorTest
- * @run main/othervm -Dsun.java2d.noddraw=true MutableColorTest
+ * @run main/othervm -Dsun.java2d.d3d=false MutableColorTest
  */
 
 import java.awt.Color;
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/java2d/pipe/hw/RSLAPITest/RSLAPITest.java b/test/jdk/sun/java2d/pipe/hw/RSLAPITest/RSLAPITest.java
index 9c5cf3de2e3..c949a40633a 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/java2d/pipe/hw/RSLAPITest/RSLAPITest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/java2d/pipe/hw/RSLAPITest/RSLAPITest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
  *          java.desktop/sun.java2d.pipe.hw
  * @compile -XDignore.symbol.file=true RSLAPITest.java
  * @run main/othervm RSLAPITest
- * @run main/othervm -Dsun.java2d.noddraw=true RSLAPITest
+ * @run main/othervm -Dsun.java2d.d3d=false RSLAPITest
  */
 
 import java.awt.Graphics;

From 2d1c83340d0e3d24a52963c77464f6fa796da5e7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gui Cao <gcao@openjdk.org>
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2026 11:26:52 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 342/707] 8388459: RISC-V: Add specialized CMove patterns with
 zero operand

Co-authored-by: Dingli Zhang <dzhang@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: fyang, wenanjian
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad | 99 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 99 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
index d30b6b67945..714a00c1ce2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
@@ -10364,6 +10364,73 @@ instruct cmovI_cmpP(iRegINoSp dst, iRegI src, iRegP op1, iRegP op2, cmpOpU cop)
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_compare);
 %}
 
+// Special cases where one arg is zero
+// These are selected in preference to the rules above because they
+// avoid loading constant 0 into a source register
+
+// CMoveI (signed compare) with zero as second operand
+// Pattern: dst = cond ? dst : 0 (conditional clear)
+instruct cmovI_cmpI_zero(iRegINoSp dst, immI0 src, iRegI op1, iRegI op2, cmpOp cop) %{
+  match(Set dst (CMoveI (Binary cop (CmpI op1 op2)) (Binary dst src)));
+  ins_cost(ALU_COST + BRANCH_COST);
+
+  format %{ "CMoveI $dst, ($op1 $cop $op2), $dst, zr\t#@cmovI_cmpI_zero" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ enc_cmove($cop$$cmpcode,
+                 as_Register($op1$$reg), as_Register($op2$$reg),
+                 as_Register($dst$$reg), zr);
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_compare);
+%}
+
+// CMoveI (unsigned compare) with zero as second operand
+instruct cmovI_cmpU_zero(iRegINoSp dst, immI0 src, iRegI op1, iRegI op2, cmpOpU cop) %{
+  match(Set dst (CMoveI (Binary cop (CmpU op1 op2)) (Binary dst src)));
+  ins_cost(ALU_COST + BRANCH_COST);
+
+  format %{ "CMoveI $dst, ($op1 $cop $op2), $dst, zr\t#@cmovI_cmpU_zero" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ enc_cmove($cop$$cmpcode | C2_MacroAssembler::unsigned_branch_mask,
+                 as_Register($op1$$reg), as_Register($op2$$reg),
+                 as_Register($dst$$reg), zr);
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_compare);
+%}
+
+instruct cmovI_cmpN_zero(iRegINoSp dst, immI0 src, iRegN op1, iRegN op2, cmpOpU cop) %{
+  match(Set dst (CMoveI (Binary cop (CmpN op1 op2)) (Binary dst src)));
+  ins_cost(ALU_COST + BRANCH_COST);
+
+  format %{ "CMoveI $dst, ($op1 $cop $op2), $dst, zr\t#@cmovI_cmpN_zero" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ enc_cmove($cop$$cmpcode | C2_MacroAssembler::unsigned_branch_mask,
+                 as_Register($op1$$reg), as_Register($op2$$reg),
+                 as_Register($dst$$reg), zr);
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_compare);
+%}
+
+instruct cmovI_cmpP_zero(iRegINoSp dst, immI0 src, iRegP op1, iRegP op2, cmpOpU cop) %{
+  match(Set dst (CMoveI (Binary cop (CmpP op1 op2)) (Binary dst src)));
+  ins_cost(ALU_COST + BRANCH_COST);
+
+  format %{ "CMoveI $dst, ($op1 $cop $op2), $dst, zr\t#@cmovI_cmpP_zero" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ enc_cmove($cop$$cmpcode | C2_MacroAssembler::unsigned_branch_mask,
+                 as_Register($op1$$reg), as_Register($op2$$reg),
+                 as_Register($dst$$reg), zr);
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_compare);
+%}
+
 // --------- CMoveL ---------
 
 instruct cmovL_cmpL(iRegLNoSp dst, iRegL src, iRegL op1, iRegL op2, cmpOp cop) %{
@@ -10502,6 +10569,38 @@ instruct cmovL_cmpP(iRegLNoSp dst, iRegL src, iRegP op1, iRegP op2, cmpOpU cop)
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_compare);
 %}
 
+// CMoveL (signed compare) with zero as second operand
+instruct cmovL_cmpL_zero(iRegLNoSp dst, immL0 src, iRegL op1, iRegL op2, cmpOp cop) %{
+  match(Set dst (CMoveL (Binary cop (CmpL op1 op2)) (Binary dst src)));
+  ins_cost(ALU_COST + BRANCH_COST);
+
+  format %{ "CMoveL $dst, ($op1 $cop $op2), $dst, zr\t#@cmovL_cmpL_zero" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ enc_cmove($cop$$cmpcode,
+                 as_Register($op1$$reg), as_Register($op2$$reg),
+                 as_Register($dst$$reg), zr);
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_compare);
+%}
+
+// CMoveL (unsigned compare) with zero as second operand
+instruct cmovL_cmpUL_zero(iRegLNoSp dst, immL0 src, iRegL op1, iRegL op2, cmpOpU cop) %{
+  match(Set dst (CMoveL (Binary cop (CmpUL op1 op2)) (Binary dst src)));
+  ins_cost(ALU_COST + BRANCH_COST);
+
+  format %{ "CMoveL $dst, ($op1 $cop $op2), $dst, zr\t#@cmovL_cmpUL_zero" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ enc_cmove($cop$$cmpcode | C2_MacroAssembler::unsigned_branch_mask,
+                 as_Register($op1$$reg), as_Register($op2$$reg),
+                 as_Register($dst$$reg), zr);
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_compare);
+%}
+
 // --------- CMoveF ---------
 
 instruct cmovF_cmpI(fRegF dst, fRegF src, iRegI op1, iRegI op2, cmpOp cop) %{

From 3d44c66751f7d4de8e2f54589733f0311342e03d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Prasanta Sadhukhan <psadhukhan@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2026 01:19:34 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 343/707] 8388849:
 javax/swing/JInternalFrame/8069348/bug8069348.java should ignore execution in
 non-Windows platform if sun.java2d.d3d=true

Reviewed-by: azvegint, prr
---
 .../swing/JInternalFrame/8069348/bug8069348.java    | 13 +------------
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/javax/swing/JInternalFrame/8069348/bug8069348.java b/test/jdk/javax/swing/JInternalFrame/8069348/bug8069348.java
index ac253b6ccf5..06e08cfb808 100644
--- a/test/jdk/javax/swing/JInternalFrame/8069348/bug8069348.java
+++ b/test/jdk/javax/swing/JInternalFrame/8069348/bug8069348.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@
  * @author Alexandr Scherbatiy
  * @modules java.desktop/sun.awt
  * @run main/othervm -Dsun.java2d.uiScale=2 bug8069348
- * @run main/othervm -Dsun.java2d.d3d=true -Dsun.java2d.uiScale=2 bug8069348
  */
 public class bug8069348 {
 
@@ -64,10 +63,6 @@ public class bug8069348 {
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
 
-        if (!isSupported()) {
-            return;
-        }
-
         try {
 
             SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(bug8069348::createAndShowGUI);
@@ -120,12 +115,6 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         System.out.println("Test Passed");
     }
 
-    private static boolean isSupported() {
-        String d3d = System.getProperty("sun.java2d.d3d");
-        System.out.println("d3d " + d3d);
-        return !Boolean.getBoolean(d3d) || getOSType() == OSType.WINDOWS;
-    }
-
     private static Rectangle getInternalFrameScreenBounds() throws Exception {
         Rectangle[] points = new Rectangle[1];
         SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(() -> {

From 9ce3705b3f8c4e107c840e5950d54e7b821bf782 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Hao Sun <haosun@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2026 01:54:10 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 344/707] 8388072: Linux/AArch64 PAC-RET: assert(top.pc() ==
 *(address*)(sp - frame::sender_sp_ret_address_offset())) failed

Reviewed-by: dholmes, aph, pchilanomate
---
 .../continuationFreezeThaw_aarch64.inline.hpp       | 13 ++++++++-----
 .../aarch64/continuationHelper_aarch64.inline.hpp   |  5 +++--
 .../share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp        |  4 +---
 3 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/continuationFreezeThaw_aarch64.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/continuationFreezeThaw_aarch64.inline.hpp
index a1a5209de7a..d71288c1078 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/continuationFreezeThaw_aarch64.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/continuationFreezeThaw_aarch64.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -215,7 +215,8 @@ inline intptr_t* AnchorMark::anchor_mark_set_pd() {
     if (sp != _last_sp_from_frame) {
       // We need to move up return pc and fp. They will be read next in
       // set_anchor() and set as _last_Java_pc and _last_Java_fp respectively.
-      _last_sp_from_frame[-1] = (intptr_t)_top_frame.pc();
+      ContinuationHelper::patch_return_address_at(&_last_sp_from_frame[-1],
+                                                  _top_frame.pc());
       _last_sp_from_frame[-2] = (intptr_t)_top_frame.fp();
     }
     _is_interpreted = true;
@@ -230,7 +231,7 @@ inline void AnchorMark::anchor_mark_clear_pd() {
     _top_frame.interpreter_frame_set_last_sp(_last_sp_from_frame);
     intptr_t* sp = _top_frame.sp();
     if (sp != _last_sp_from_frame) {
-      sp[-1] = (intptr_t)_top_frame.pc();
+      ContinuationHelper::patch_return_address_at(&sp[-1], _top_frame.pc());
     }
   }
 }
@@ -340,7 +341,8 @@ inline intptr_t* ThawBase::push_cleanup_continuation() {
   intptr_t* sp = enterSpecial.sp();
 
   // We only need to set the return pc. rfp will be restored back in gen_continuation_enter().
-  sp[-1] = (intptr_t)ContinuationEntry::cleanup_pc();
+  ContinuationHelper::patch_return_address_at(&sp[-1],
+                                              ContinuationEntry::cleanup_pc());
   return sp;
 }
 
@@ -349,7 +351,8 @@ inline intptr_t* ThawBase::push_preempt_adapter() {
   intptr_t* sp = enterSpecial.sp();
 
   // We only need to set the return pc. rfp will be restored back in generate_cont_preempt_stub().
-  sp[-1] = (intptr_t)StubRoutines::cont_preempt_stub();
+  ContinuationHelper::patch_return_address_at(&sp[-1],
+                                              StubRoutines::cont_preempt_stub());
   return sp;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/continuationHelper_aarch64.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/continuationHelper_aarch64.inline.hpp
index 04a2d4e2bd5..ce218d71eb7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/continuationHelper_aarch64.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/continuationHelper_aarch64.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -47,7 +47,8 @@ static inline void patch_return_pc_with_preempt_stub(frame& f) {
     // Instead, we will patch the return from the runtime stub back to the
     // compiled method so that the target returns to the preempt cleanup stub.
     intptr_t* caller_sp = f.sp() + f.cb()->frame_size();
-    caller_sp[-1] = (intptr_t)StubRoutines::cont_preempt_stub();
+    ContinuationHelper::patch_return_address_at(&caller_sp[-1],
+                                                StubRoutines::cont_preempt_stub());
   } else {
     // The target will check for preemption once it returns to the interpreter
     // or the native wrapper code and will manually jump to the preempt stub.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
index e9b6325d03b..89c4d1f1bd5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
@@ -2636,7 +2636,7 @@ void ThawBase::clear_bitmap_bits(address start, address end) {
 
 intptr_t* ThawBase::handle_preempted_continuation(intptr_t* sp, Continuation::preempt_kind preempt_kind, bool fast_case) {
   frame top(sp);
-  assert(top.pc() == *(address*)(sp - frame::sender_sp_ret_address_offset()), "");
+  assert(top.pc() == ContinuationHelper::return_address_at(sp - frame::sender_sp_ret_address_offset()), "");
   DEBUG_ONLY(verify_frame_kind(top, preempt_kind);)
   NOT_PRODUCT(int64_t tid = _thread->monitor_owner_id();)
 
@@ -3246,8 +3246,6 @@ static void log_frames(JavaThread* thread) {
 
 static void log_frames_after_thaw(JavaThread* thread, ContinuationWrapper& cont, intptr_t* sp) {
   intptr_t* sp0 = sp;
-  address pc0 = *(address*)(sp - frame::sender_sp_ret_address_offset());
-
   bool preempted = false;
   stackChunkOop tail = cont.tail();
   if (tail != nullptr && tail->preempted()) {

From e8fdd54bb15c37d8105a2086c77b6b30cfb0431f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gui Cao <gcao@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2026 02:47:07 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 345/707] 8388837: RISC-V: Track card addresses directly in G1
 array post-write barrier loop

Reviewed-by: ayang, fyang
---
 .../riscv/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp | 17 ++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
index cf7cb98d2d4..5ec01cfb4ab 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -108,30 +108,29 @@ void G1BarrierSetAssembler::gen_write_ref_array_post_barrier(MacroAssembler* mas
 
   __ srli(start, start, CardTable::card_shift());
   __ srli(count, count, CardTable::card_shift());
-  __ sub(count, count, start);                            // Number of bytes to mark - 1.
 
-  // Add card table base offset to start.
+  // Add card table base offset to get card addresses directly.
   Address card_table_address(xthread, G1ThreadLocalData::card_table_base_offset());
   __ ld(tmp, card_table_address);
-  __ add(start, start, tmp);
+  __ add(start, start, tmp);                              // start := first card address
+  __ add(count, count, tmp);                              // count := last card address
 
+  // Iterate from start card to end card (inclusive).
   __ bind(loop);
   if (UseCondCardMark) {
-    __ add(tmp, start, count);
-    __ lbu(tmp, Address(tmp, 0));
+    __ lbu(tmp, Address(start, 0));
     static_assert((uint)G1CardTable::clean_card_val() == 0xff, "must be");
     __ subi(tmp, tmp, G1CardTable::clean_card_val()); // Convert to clean_card_value() to a comparison
                                                       // against zero to avoid use of an extra temp.
     __ bnez(tmp, next);
   }
 
-  __ add(tmp, start, count);
   static_assert(G1CardTable::dirty_card_val() == 0, "must be to use zr");
-  __ sb(zr, Address(tmp, 0));
+  __ sb(zr, Address(start, 0));
 
   __ bind(next);
-  __ subi(count, count, 1);
-  __ bgez(count, loop);
+  __ addi(start, start, 1);
+  __ ble(start, count, loop);
 
   __ bind(done);
 }

From 057985b5d147e52efed9ef40423dad7ff3a25e88 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Fredrik Bredberg <fbredberg@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2026 08:42:23 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 346/707] 8384807: Populate OMCache from C2

Reviewed-by: aboldtch, coleenp, shade
---
 .../cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp | 27 ++++++-----
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/macroAssembler_ppc.cpp    | 28 +++++++-----
 .../cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp     | 23 +++++-----
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp  | 25 ++++++-----
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp | 22 ++++-----
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.hpp      |  1 -
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/lockStack.cpp       |  3 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/lockStack.hpp       | 13 ++----
 .../share/runtime/lockStack.inline.hpp        | 45 +++++--------------
 9 files changed, 86 insertions(+), 101 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 9e67b27ad38..1f76fa0778a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -219,6 +219,10 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box, Register t1,
     bind(inflated);
 
     const Register t1_monitor = t1;
+    // Offsets into the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
+    const ByteSize thr_omc_offset     = JavaThread::om_cache_offset();
+    const ByteSize omc_monitor_offset = OMCache::monitor_offset();
+    const ByteSize omc_obj_offset     = OMCache::obj_offset();
 
     if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
       assert(t1_monitor == t1_mark, "should be the same here");
@@ -229,18 +233,12 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box, Register t1,
       // Save the mark, we might need it to extract the hash.
       mov(t3, t1_mark);
 
-      // Look for the monitor in the om_cache.
-
-      ByteSize cache_offset   = JavaThread::om_cache_oops_offset();
-      ByteSize monitor_offset = OMCache::oop_to_monitor_difference();
-      const int num_unrolled  = OMCache::CAPACITY;
-      for (int i = 0; i < num_unrolled; i++) {
-        ldr(t1_monitor, Address(rthread, cache_offset + monitor_offset));
-        ldr(t2, Address(rthread, cache_offset));
-        cmp(obj, t2);
-        br(Assembler::EQ, monitor_found);
-        cache_offset = cache_offset + OMCache::oop_to_oop_difference();
-      }
+      // Look for the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
+
+      ldr(t1_monitor, Address(rthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset));
+      ldr(t2, Address(rthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset));
+      cmp(obj, t2);
+      br(Assembler::EQ, monitor_found);
 
       // Look for the monitor in the table.
 
@@ -268,6 +266,10 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box, Register t1,
       cmp(t3, obj);
       br(Assembler::NE, slow_path);
 
+      // Store the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
+      str(t1_monitor, Address(rthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset));
+      str(obj, Address(rthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset));
+
       bind(monitor_found);
     }
 
@@ -296,6 +298,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box, Register t1,
 
     bind(monitor_locked);
     if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
+      // Cache the monitor for unlock.
       str(t1_monitor, Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()));
     }
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/macroAssembler_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/macroAssembler_ppc.cpp
index 1501934d48f..54327b738d6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/macroAssembler_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/macroAssembler_ppc.cpp
@@ -2763,6 +2763,11 @@ void MacroAssembler::compiler_fast_lock_object(ConditionRegister flag, Register
     const Register monitor    = UseObjectMonitorTable ? tmp1 : noreg;
     const Register owner_addr = tmp2;
     const Register thread_id  = UseObjectMonitorTable ? tmp3 : tmp1;
+    // Offsets into the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
+    const ByteSize thr_omc_offset     = JavaThread::om_cache_offset();
+    const ByteSize omc_monitor_offset = OMCache::monitor_offset();
+    const ByteSize omc_obj_offset     = OMCache::obj_offset();
+
     Label monitor_locked;
 
     if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
@@ -2777,18 +2782,12 @@ void MacroAssembler::compiler_fast_lock_object(ConditionRegister flag, Register
       // Save the mark, we might need it to extract the hash.
       mr(tmp2_hash, mark);
 
-      // Look for the monitor in the om_cache.
-
-      ByteSize cache_offset   = JavaThread::om_cache_oops_offset();
-      ByteSize monitor_offset = OMCache::oop_to_monitor_difference();
-      const int num_unrolled  = OMCache::CAPACITY;
-      for (int i = 0; i < num_unrolled; i++) {
-        ld(R0, in_bytes(cache_offset), R16_thread);
-        ld(monitor, in_bytes(cache_offset + monitor_offset), R16_thread);
-        cmpd(CR0, R0, obj);
-        beq(CR0, monitor_found);
-        cache_offset = cache_offset + OMCache::oop_to_oop_difference();
-      }
+      // Look for the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
+
+      ld(R0, in_bytes(thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset), R16_thread);
+      ld(monitor, in_bytes(thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset), R16_thread);
+      cmpd(CR0, R0, obj);
+      beq(CR0, monitor_found);
 
       // Look for the monitor in the table.
 
@@ -2817,6 +2816,10 @@ void MacroAssembler::compiler_fast_lock_object(ConditionRegister flag, Register
       cmpd(CR0, tmp3, obj);
       bne(CR0, slow_path);
 
+      // Store the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
+      std(monitor, in_bytes(thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset), R16_thread);
+      std(obj, in_bytes(thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset), R16_thread);
+
       bind(monitor_found);
 
       // Compute owner address.
@@ -2854,6 +2857,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::compiler_fast_lock_object(ConditionRegister flag, Register
 
     bind(monitor_locked);
     if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
+      // Cache the monitor for unlock.
       std(monitor, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes(), box);
     }
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
index b658e36bd59..2dca5215aec 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -121,6 +121,10 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box,
     bind(inflated);
 
     const Register tmp1_monitor = tmp1;
+    // Offsets into the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
+    const ByteSize thr_omc_offset     = JavaThread::om_cache_offset();
+    const ByteSize omc_monitor_offset = OMCache::monitor_offset();
+    const ByteSize omc_obj_offset     = OMCache::obj_offset();
 
     if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
       assert(tmp1_monitor == tmp1_mark, "should be the same here");
@@ -132,17 +136,11 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box,
       // Save the mark, we might need it to extract the hash.
       mv(tmp2_hash, tmp1_mark);
 
-      // Look for the monitor in the om_cache.
+      // Look for the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
 
-      ByteSize cache_offset   = JavaThread::om_cache_oops_offset();
-      ByteSize monitor_offset = OMCache::oop_to_monitor_difference();
-      const int num_unrolled  = OMCache::CAPACITY;
-      for (int i = 0; i < num_unrolled; i++) {
-        ld(tmp1_monitor, Address(xthread, cache_offset + monitor_offset));
-        ld(tmp4, Address(xthread, cache_offset));
-        beq(obj, tmp4, monitor_found);
-        cache_offset = cache_offset + OMCache::oop_to_oop_difference();
-      }
+      ld(tmp1_monitor, Address(xthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset));
+      ld(tmp4, Address(xthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset));
+      beq(obj, tmp4, monitor_found);
 
       // Look for the monitor in the table.
 
@@ -170,6 +168,10 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box,
       bs_asm->try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(this, tmp3, tmp3, tmp2, slow_path);
       bne(tmp3, obj, slow_path);
 
+      // Store the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
+      sd(tmp1_monitor, Address(xthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset));
+      sd(obj, Address(xthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset));
+
       bind(monitor_found);
     }
 
@@ -200,6 +202,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box,
 
     bind(monitor_locked);
     if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
+      // Cache the monitor for unlock.
       sd(tmp1_monitor, Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()));
     }
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp
index 6eb14452401..a3a25e07197 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp
@@ -6382,6 +6382,11 @@ void MacroAssembler::compiler_fast_lock_object(Register obj, Register box, Regis
     bind(inflated);
 
     const Register tmp1_monitor = tmp1;
+    // Offsets into the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
+    const ByteSize thr_omc_offset     = JavaThread::om_cache_offset();
+    const ByteSize omc_monitor_offset = OMCache::monitor_offset();
+    const ByteSize omc_obj_offset     = OMCache::obj_offset();
+
     if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
       assert(tmp1_monitor == mark, "should be the same here");
     } else {
@@ -6392,17 +6397,11 @@ void MacroAssembler::compiler_fast_lock_object(Register obj, Register box, Regis
       // Save the mark, we might need it to extract the hash.
       z_lgr(hash, mark);
 
-      // Look for the monitor in the om_cache.
+      // Look for the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
 
-      ByteSize cache_offset   = JavaThread::om_cache_oops_offset();
-      ByteSize monitor_offset = OMCache::oop_to_monitor_difference();
-      const int num_unrolled  = OMCache::CAPACITY;
-      for (int i = 0; i < num_unrolled; i++) {
-        z_lg(tmp1_monitor, Address(Z_thread, cache_offset + monitor_offset));
-        z_cg(obj, Address(Z_thread, cache_offset));
-        z_bre(monitor_found);
-        cache_offset = cache_offset + OMCache::oop_to_oop_difference();
-      }
+      z_lg(tmp1_monitor, Address(Z_thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset));
+      z_cg(obj, Address(Z_thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset));
+      z_bre(monitor_found);
 
       // Get the hash code.
       z_srlg(hash, hash, markWord::hash_shift);
@@ -6429,6 +6428,10 @@ void MacroAssembler::compiler_fast_lock_object(Register obj, Register box, Regis
       z_cgr(obj, tmp2);
       z_brne(slow_path);
 
+      // Store the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
+      z_stg(tmp1_monitor, Address(Z_thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset));
+      z_stg(obj, Address(Z_thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset));
+
       bind(monitor_found);
     }
     NearLabel monitor_locked;
@@ -6458,7 +6461,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::compiler_fast_lock_object(Register obj, Register box, Regis
 
     bind(monitor_locked);
     if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      // Cache the monitor for unlock
+      // Cache the monitor for unlock.
       z_stg(tmp1_monitor, Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()));
     }
     // set the CC now
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp
index 69308bb2a7e..2e253ff142c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -294,6 +294,10 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box, Register rax_reg,
     bind(inflated);
 
     const Register monitor = t;
+    // Offsets into the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
+    const ByteSize thr_omc_offset     = JavaThread::om_cache_offset();
+    const ByteSize omc_monitor_offset = OMCache::monitor_offset();
+    const ByteSize omc_obj_offset     = OMCache::obj_offset();
 
     if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
       assert(mark == monitor, "should be the same here");
@@ -301,17 +305,11 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box, Register rax_reg,
       const Register hash = t;
       Label monitor_found;
 
-      // Look for the monitor in the om_cache.
+      // Look for the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
 
-      ByteSize cache_offset   = JavaThread::om_cache_oops_offset();
-      ByteSize monitor_offset = OMCache::oop_to_monitor_difference();
-      const int num_unrolled  = OMCache::CAPACITY;
-      for (int i = 0; i < num_unrolled; i++) {
-        movptr(monitor, Address(thread,  cache_offset + monitor_offset));
-        cmpptr(obj, Address(thread, cache_offset));
-        jccb(Assembler::equal, monitor_found);
-        cache_offset = cache_offset + OMCache::oop_to_oop_difference();
-      }
+      movptr(monitor, Address(thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset));
+      cmpptr(obj, Address(thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset));
+      jccb(Assembler::equal, monitor_found);
 
       // Look for the monitor in the table.
 
@@ -340,6 +338,10 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box, Register rax_reg,
       cmpptr(rax_reg, obj);
       jcc(Assembler::notEqual, slow_path);
 
+      // Store the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
+      movptr(Address(thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset), monitor);
+      movptr(Address(thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset), obj);
+
       bind(monitor_found);
     }
     const ByteSize monitor_tag = in_ByteSize(UseObjectMonitorTable ? 0 : checked_cast<int>(markWord::monitor_value));
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.hpp
index cd757ed8ec1..13e079f1be5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.hpp
@@ -1238,7 +1238,6 @@ class JavaThread: public Thread {
   static ByteSize lock_stack_base_offset() { return lock_stack_offset() + LockStack::base_offset(); }
 
   static ByteSize om_cache_offset()        { return byte_offset_of(JavaThread, _om_cache); }
-  static ByteSize om_cache_oops_offset()   { return om_cache_offset() + OMCache::entries_offset(); }
 
   void om_set_monitor_cache(ObjectMonitor* monitor);
   void om_clear_monitor_cache();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/lockStack.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/lockStack.cpp
index 58b9c58a329..a0f20b4fd31 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/lockStack.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/lockStack.cpp
@@ -115,7 +115,6 @@ void LockStack::print_on(outputStream* st) {
   }
 }
 
-OMCache::OMCache(JavaThread* jt) : _entries() {
+OMCache::OMCache(JavaThread* jt) {
   STATIC_ASSERT(std::is_standard_layout<OMCache>::value);
-  STATIC_ASSERT(std::is_standard_layout<OMCache::OMCacheEntry>::value);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/lockStack.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/lockStack.hpp
index 8d7e3644efa..cc76005cf4c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/lockStack.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/lockStack.hpp
@@ -130,19 +130,14 @@ class LockStack {
 
 class OMCache {
   friend class VMStructs;
- public:
-  static constexpr int CAPACITY = 2;
 
  private:
-  struct OMCacheEntry {
-    oop _oop = nullptr;
-    ObjectMonitor* _monitor = nullptr;
-  } _entries[CAPACITY];
+  oop _obj = nullptr;
+  ObjectMonitor* _monitor = nullptr;
 
  public:
-  static ByteSize entries_offset() { return byte_offset_of(OMCache, _entries); }
-  static constexpr ByteSize oop_to_oop_difference() { return in_ByteSize(sizeof(OMCacheEntry)); }
-  static constexpr ByteSize oop_to_monitor_difference() { return in_ByteSize(sizeof(oop)); }
+  static constexpr ByteSize obj_offset() { return byte_offset_of(OMCache, _obj); }
+  static constexpr ByteSize monitor_offset() { return byte_offset_of(OMCache, _monitor); }
 
   explicit OMCache(JavaThread* jt);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/lockStack.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/lockStack.inline.hpp
index a9ad3553db8..cb5c4de90b5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/lockStack.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/lockStack.inline.hpp
@@ -250,53 +250,30 @@ inline void LockStack::oops_do(OopClosure* cl) {
 }
 
 inline void OMCache::set_monitor(ObjectMonitor *monitor) {
-  const int end = OMCache::CAPACITY - 1;
-
   oop obj = monitor->object_peek();
   assert(obj != nullptr, "must be alive");
   assert(monitor == ObjectSynchronizer::get_monitor_from_table(obj), "must exist in table");
 
-  OMCacheEntry to_insert = {obj, monitor};
-
-  for (int i = 0; i < end; ++i) {
-    if (_entries[i]._oop == obj ||
-        _entries[i]._monitor == nullptr ||
-        _entries[i]._monitor->is_being_async_deflated()) {
-      // Use stale slot.
-      _entries[i] = to_insert;
-      return;
-    }
-    // Swap with the most recent value.
-    ::swap(to_insert, _entries[i]);
-  }
-  _entries[end] = to_insert;
+  _monitor = monitor;
+  _obj     = obj;
 }
 
 inline ObjectMonitor* OMCache::get_monitor(oop o) {
-  for (int i = 0; i < CAPACITY; ++i) {
-    if (_entries[i]._oop == o) {
-      assert(_entries[i]._monitor != nullptr, "monitor must exist");
-      if (_entries[i]._monitor->is_being_async_deflated()) {
-        // Bad monitor
-        // Shift down rest
-        for (; i < CAPACITY - 1; ++i) {
-          _entries[i] = _entries[i + 1];
-        }
-        // Clear end
-        _entries[i] = {};
-        return nullptr;
-      }
-      return _entries[i]._monitor;
+  if (_obj == o) {
+    assert(_monitor != nullptr, "monitor must exist");
+    if (!_monitor->is_being_async_deflated()) {
+      return _monitor;
     }
+    // Bad monitor, so clear the cache.
+    _obj     = nullptr;
+    _monitor = nullptr;
   }
   return nullptr;
 }
 
 inline void OMCache::clear() {
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < CAPACITY; ++i) {
-    // Clear
-    _entries[i] = {};
-  }
+  _obj     = nullptr;
+  _monitor = nullptr;
 }
 
 #endif // SHARE_RUNTIME_LOCKSTACK_INLINE_HPP

From 79d629abf63d2227231f6a6c7ce957693cc464ed Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Justin Lu <jlu@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2026 16:22:52 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 347/707] 8388810: Exceeding CachedRowSet max rows should only
 warn once

Reviewed-by: lancea
---
 .../com/sun/rowset/CachedRowSetImpl.java      |  39 +++--
 .../CachedRowSetWarningsTest.java             | 157 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 181 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/javax/sql/test/rowset/cachedrowset/CachedRowSetWarningsTest.java

diff --git a/src/java.sql.rowset/share/classes/com/sun/rowset/CachedRowSetImpl.java b/src/java.sql.rowset/share/classes/com/sun/rowset/CachedRowSetImpl.java
index f5bf8df6a4a..ad8638cf6ce 100644
--- a/src/java.sql.rowset/share/classes/com/sun/rowset/CachedRowSetImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.sql.rowset/share/classes/com/sun/rowset/CachedRowSetImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -321,6 +321,9 @@ public class CachedRowSetImpl extends BaseRowSet implements RowSet, RowSetIntern
 
     private boolean updateOnInsert;
 
+    private static final String MAX_ROW_WARNING =
+            "Populating rows setting has exceeded max row setting";
+
 
 
     /**
@@ -382,11 +385,6 @@ public CachedRowSetImpl() throws SQLException {
         // insert row setup
         onInsertRow = false;
         insertRow = null;
-
-        // set the warnings
-        sqlwarn = new SQLWarning();
-        rowsetWarning = new RowSetWarning();
-
     }
 
     /**
@@ -648,14 +646,15 @@ public void populate(ResultSet data) throws SQLException {
         mRows = this.getMaxRows();
         rowsFetched = 0;
         currentRow = null;
+        boolean exceededMax = false;
 
         while ( data.next()) {
 
             currentRow = new Row(numCols);
 
-            if ( rowsFetched > mRows && mRows > 0) {
-                rowsetWarning.setNextWarning(new RowSetWarning("Populating rows "
-                + "setting has exceeded max row setting"));
+            if (rowsFetched > mRows && mRows > 0 && !exceededMax) {
+                exceededMax = true;
+                addRowSetWarning(MAX_ROW_WARNING);
             }
             for ( i = 1; i <= numCols; i++) {
                 /*
@@ -6809,6 +6808,18 @@ public RowSetWarning getRowSetWarnings() {
         return rowsetWarning;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Adds a RowSetWarning with the specified reason.
+     * If there is no root warning yet, one is created, otherwise the warning
+     * is chained to an existing warning chain.
+     */
+    private void addRowSetWarning(String reason) {
+        if (rowsetWarning == null) {
+            rowsetWarning = new RowSetWarning(reason);
+        } else {
+            rowsetWarning.setNextWarning(new RowSetWarning(reason));
+        }
+    }
 
     /**
      * The function tries to isolate the tablename when only setCommand
@@ -7322,16 +7333,14 @@ public void populate(ResultSet data, int start) throws SQLException{
 
             currentRow = new Row(numCols);
           if(pageSize == 0){
-            if ( rowsFetched >= mRows && mRows > 0) {
-                rowsetWarning.setNextException(new SQLException("Populating rows "
-                + "setting has exceeded max row setting"));
+            if (rowsFetched >= mRows && mRows > 0) {
+                addRowSetWarning(MAX_ROW_WARNING);
                 break;
             }
           }
           else {
-              if ( (rowsFetched >= pageSize) ||( maxRowsreached >= mRows && mRows > 0)) {
-                rowsetWarning.setNextException(new SQLException("Populating rows "
-                + "setting has exceeded max row setting"));
+              if ((rowsFetched >= pageSize) || ( maxRowsreached >= mRows && mRows > 0)) {
+                addRowSetWarning(MAX_ROW_WARNING);
                 break;
             }
           }
diff --git a/test/jdk/javax/sql/test/rowset/cachedrowset/CachedRowSetWarningsTest.java b/test/jdk/javax/sql/test/rowset/cachedrowset/CachedRowSetWarningsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cabfd4882ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/javax/sql/test/rowset/cachedrowset/CachedRowSetWarningsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package test.rowset.cachedrowset;
+
+import com.sun.rowset.CachedRowSetImpl;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import javax.sql.rowset.CachedRowSet;
+import javax.sql.rowset.RowSetFactory;
+import javax.sql.rowset.RowSetMetaDataImpl;
+import javax.sql.rowset.RowSetProvider;
+import javax.sql.rowset.spi.SyncFactory;
+import java.sql.ResultSet;
+import java.sql.SQLException;
+import java.sql.Types;
+import java.util.Hashtable;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertDoesNotThrow;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull;
+
+/*
+ * This test addresses a number of warning related issues in CachedRowSetImpl.
+ * See JDK-8388810 for further details.
+ */
+public class CachedRowSetWarningsTest {
+
+    private static final RowSetFactory FACTORY;
+    private static final String WARNING_MSG =
+            "Populating rows setting has exceeded max row setting";
+
+    static {
+        try {
+            FACTORY = RowSetProvider.newFactory();
+        } catch (SQLException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Cannot create row set factory used for test", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * The max rows warning should only be added a single time, not for each subsequent
+     * row above the max row that is encountered. In the old code, only the 1-arg `populate`
+     * suffered from this issue, but this test covers both the 1-arg and 2-arg for coverage.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void maxRowsShouldWarnOnceTest() throws SQLException {
+        // RowSetWarning cannot be cleared, so use fresh instances to test the
+        // 1-arg and 2-arg populate
+        try (var oneArgCrs = FACTORY.createCachedRowSet();
+             var twoArgCrs = FACTORY.createCachedRowSet();
+             var pagedCrs = FACTORY.createCachedRowSet()) {
+            oneArgCrs.setMaxRows(1);
+            oneArgCrs.populate(resultSetWithRows(5));
+            // There should be no subsequent chained warnings
+            assertNull(oneArgCrs.getRowSetWarnings().getNextWarning());
+
+            // The 2-arg path here also implicitly covers a bug in the old code where
+            // an Error would always be thrown when `getNextWarning` was invoked on the
+            // returned `RowSetWarning`.
+            twoArgCrs.setMaxRows(1);
+            twoArgCrs.populate(resultSetWithRows(5), 1);
+            // There should be no subsequent chained warnings
+            assertNull(twoArgCrs.getRowSetWarnings().getNextWarning());
+
+            // Also check the paged path for 2-arg path
+            pagedCrs.setPageSize(1);
+            pagedCrs.populate(resultSetWithRows(5), 1);
+            assertNull(pagedCrs.getRowSetWarnings().getNextWarning());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * The old code in the hashtable ctor never initialized the warnings.
+     * An NPE would be thrown when max rows exceeded during a populate operation.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void hashtableMaxRowsTest() throws SQLException {
+        var env = new Hashtable<String, String>();
+        // Supply the standard provider
+        env.put(SyncFactory.ROWSET_SYNC_PROVIDER,
+                "com.sun.rowset.providers.RIOptimisticProvider");
+        try (var crs = new CachedRowSetImpl(env);
+            var crs2 = new CachedRowSetImpl(env)) {
+            crs.setMaxRows(1);
+            crs2.setMaxRows(2);
+            // Exercise both 1-arg and 2-arg
+            assertDoesNotThrow(() -> crs.populate(resultSetWithRows(5)));
+            assertDoesNotThrow(() -> crs2.populate(resultSetWithRows(5), 1));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * When created via the default ctor, warnings used to be eagerly created.
+     * Thus, the old code would return a non-null warning when there were no warnings.
+     * To adhere to the specification, null needs to be returned.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void noWarningsShouldBeNullTest() throws SQLException {
+        try (var crs = FACTORY.createCachedRowSet()) {
+            // Check both the SQLWarning and the RowSetWarning
+            assertNull(crs.getRowSetWarnings());
+            assertNull(crs.getWarnings());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * The old code always created a root warning with no message.
+     * If a root warning exists, it should always contain a valid warning message.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void rootWarningShouldNotBeEmptyTest() throws SQLException {
+        try (var crs = FACTORY.createCachedRowSet()) {
+            crs.setMaxRows(1);
+            crs.populate(resultSetWithRows(5));
+            assertEquals(WARNING_MSG, crs.getRowSetWarnings().getMessage());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Utility to create a crs with dummy rows (which is used to violate a crs with max rows defined)
+    private static ResultSet resultSetWithRows(int rows) throws SQLException {
+        CachedRowSet rs = FACTORY.createCachedRowSet();
+        RowSetMetaDataImpl metadata = new RowSetMetaDataImpl();
+        metadata.setColumnCount(1);
+        metadata.setColumnType(1, Types.INTEGER);
+        metadata.setColumnName(1, "foo");
+        rs.setMetaData(metadata);
+        // Data does not matter, just create rows
+        for (int i = 1; i <= rows; i++) {
+            rs.moveToInsertRow();
+            rs.updateInt(1, i);
+            rs.insertRow();
+        }
+        rs.moveToCurrentRow();
+        rs.beforeFirst();
+        return rs;
+    }
+}

From b4d1d7e40cf4b00bf83b5ea85b904261b6227ae1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Liam Miller-Cushon <cushon@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2026 20:31:21 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 348/707] 8383920: Clean up calls to deprecated
 getStartPosition and getEndPosition methods

Reviewed-by: liach, vromero
---
 make/langtools/test/crules/DefinedByAnalyzer/Test.java    | 8 ++------
 test/langtools/tools/javac/api/8007344/Test.java          | 4 ++--
 test/langtools/tools/javac/api/T6412669.java              | 4 ++--
 .../tools/javac/doctree/positions/TestPosition.java       | 4 ++--
 .../tools/javac/patterns/PatternMatchPosTest.java         | 4 ++--
 test/langtools/tools/javac/tree/TreePosRoundsTest.java    | 4 ++--
 6 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/make/langtools/test/crules/DefinedByAnalyzer/Test.java b/make/langtools/test/crules/DefinedByAnalyzer/Test.java
index 901d7d9b1ae..9900504f7a5 100644
--- a/make/langtools/test/crules/DefinedByAnalyzer/Test.java
+++ b/make/langtools/test/crules/DefinedByAnalyzer/Test.java
@@ -12,14 +12,10 @@
 
 public class Test implements SourcePositions, TaskListener {
     @Override @DefinedBy(Api.COMPILER_TREE)
-    public long getStartPosition(CompilationUnitTree file, Tree tree) {
+    public long getStartPosition(Tree tree) {
         return 0;
     }
-    @Override
-    public long getEndPosition(CompilationUnitTree file, Tree tree) {
-        return 0;
-    }
-    @DefinedBy(Api.COMPILER_TREE)
+    @Override @DefinedBy(Api.COMPILER_TREE)
     public long getEndPosition(Tree tree) {
         return 0;
     }
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/api/8007344/Test.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/api/8007344/Test.java
index b8d4a8bb49f..fc4941c7a43 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/api/8007344/Test.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/api/8007344/Test.java
@@ -225,8 +225,8 @@ void checkComment() {
         }
 
         void checkEndPos(CompilationUnitTree unit, Tree tree) {
-            long sp = srcPosns.getStartPosition(unit, tree);
-            long ep = srcPosns.getEndPosition(unit, tree);
+            long sp = srcPosns.getStartPosition(tree);
+            long ep = srcPosns.getEndPosition(tree);
             if (sp >= 0 && ep == Position.NOPOS) {
                 error("endpos not set for " + tree.getKind()
                         + " " + Pretty.toSimpleString(((JCTree) tree))
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/api/T6412669.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/api/T6412669.java
index 03df8df461f..9c3d6497d91 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/api/T6412669.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/api/T6412669.java
@@ -81,8 +81,8 @@ public boolean process(Set<? extends TypeElement> annotations, RoundEnvironment
             for (Element e: roundEnv.getElementsAnnotatedWith(anno)) {
                 m.printNote("    processing element " + e);
                 TreePath p = trees.getPath(e);
-                long start = sp.getStartPosition(p.getCompilationUnit(), p.getLeaf());
-                long end = sp.getEndPosition(p.getCompilationUnit(), p.getLeaf());
+                long start = sp.getStartPosition(p.getLeaf());
+                long end = sp.getEndPosition(p.getLeaf());
                 Diagnostic.Kind k = (start > 0 && end > 0 && start < end
                                      ? Diagnostic.Kind.NOTE : Diagnostic.Kind.ERROR);
                 m.printMessage(k, "test [" + start + "," + end + "]", e);
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/doctree/positions/TestPosition.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/doctree/positions/TestPosition.java
index 6d66a84d83b..f10a0f3803f 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/doctree/positions/TestPosition.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/doctree/positions/TestPosition.java
@@ -78,8 +78,8 @@ public boolean process(Set<? extends TypeElement> annotations, RoundEnvironment
                         @Override public Void scan(DocTree node, Void p) {
                             if (node != null) {
                                 DocSourcePositions sp = trees.getSourcePositions();
-                                int start = (int) sp.getStartPosition(testElement.getCompilationUnit(), docCommentTree, node);
-                                int end   = (int) sp.getEndPosition(testElement.getCompilationUnit(), docCommentTree, node);
+                                int start = (int) sp.getStartPosition(docCommentTree, node);
+                                int end   = (int) sp.getEndPosition(docCommentTree, node);
                                 String snippet = code.substring(start, end).replace(" \n", "!trailing-whitespace!\n");
 
                                 if (snippet.endsWith(" ")) {
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/patterns/PatternMatchPosTest.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/patterns/PatternMatchPosTest.java
index a9ab0e6fadf..79fcc216129 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/patterns/PatternMatchPosTest.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/patterns/PatternMatchPosTest.java
@@ -83,8 +83,8 @@ public Void scan(Tree tree, Void p) {
                     if (tree == null)
                         return null;
                     if (print) {
-                        int start = (int) sp.getStartPosition(dataPath.getCompilationUnit(), tree);
-                        int end = (int) sp.getEndPosition(dataPath.getCompilationUnit(), tree);
+                        int start = (int) sp.getStartPosition(tree);
+                        int end = (int) sp.getEndPosition(tree);
                         if (start != (-1) || end != (-1)) {
                             processingEnv.getMessager().printNote(text.substring(start, end));
                         }
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/tree/TreePosRoundsTest.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/tree/TreePosRoundsTest.java
index 7ba12aa88e2..2595692f8b3 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/tree/TreePosRoundsTest.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/tree/TreePosRoundsTest.java
@@ -159,13 +159,13 @@ void check(TreePath tp) {
             }
             //System.err.println("expect: " + expect);
 
-            int start = (int)sourcePositions.getStartPosition(unit, tree);
+            int start = (int)sourcePositions.getStartPosition(tree);
             if (start == Diagnostic.NOPOS) {
                 messager.printError("start pos not set for " + trim(tree));
                 return;
             }
 
-            int end = (int)sourcePositions.getEndPosition(unit, tree);
+            int end = (int)sourcePositions.getEndPosition(tree);
             if (end == Diagnostic.NOPOS) {
                 messager.printError("end pos not set for " + trim(tree));
                 return;

From 410a9522396d83dea09f8684b043e205d5b337fa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Prasanta Sadhukhan <psadhukhan@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 28 Jul 2026 01:23:04 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 349/707] 8388485: javax/swing/JInternalFrame/Test6505027.java
 fails with Cannot invoke "Object.getClass()" because "<local0>" is null

Reviewed-by: prr, serb
---
 .../swing/JInternalFrame/Test6505027.java     | 42 ++++++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 28 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/javax/swing/JInternalFrame/Test6505027.java b/test/jdk/javax/swing/JInternalFrame/Test6505027.java
index 23971408184..5729ba78245 100644
--- a/test/jdk/javax/swing/JInternalFrame/Test6505027.java
+++ b/test/jdk/javax/swing/JInternalFrame/Test6505027.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2009, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2009, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@
  * @library ..
  */
 
-import java.awt.AWTException;
 import java.awt.BorderLayout;
 import java.awt.Component;
 import java.awt.Container;
@@ -38,6 +37,7 @@
 import java.awt.Point;
 import java.awt.Robot;
 import java.awt.event.InputEvent;
+import java.beans.PropertyVetoException;
 import javax.swing.DefaultCellEditor;
 import javax.swing.JComboBox;
 import javax.swing.JDesktopPane;
@@ -67,46 +67,60 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
         SwingTest.start(Test6505027.class);
     }
 
-    private final JTable table = new JTable(new DefaultTableModel(COLUMNS, 2));
+    private static JTable table;
 
     public Test6505027(JFrame main) {
+        table = new JTable(new DefaultTableModel(COLUMNS, 2));
         Container container = main;
         if (INTERNAL) {
             JInternalFrame frame = new JInternalFrame();
             frame.setBounds(OFFSET, OFFSET, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
-            frame.setVisible(true);
 
             JDesktopPane desktop = new JDesktopPane();
             desktop.add(frame, new Integer(1));
+            frame.setVisible(true);
 
             container.add(desktop);
+            try {
+                frame.setSelected(true);
+            } catch (PropertyVetoException ex) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("could not select internal frame", ex);
+            }
             container = frame;
         }
         if (TERMINATE) {
-            this.table.putClientProperty(KEY, Boolean.TRUE);
+            table.putClientProperty(KEY, Boolean.TRUE);
         }
-        TableColumn column = this.table.getColumn(COLUMNS[1]);
+        TableColumn column = table.getColumn(COLUMNS[1]);
         column.setCellEditor(new DefaultCellEditor(new JComboBox(ITEMS)));
 
         container.add(BorderLayout.NORTH, new JTextField());
-        container.add(BorderLayout.CENTER, new JScrollPane(this.table));
+        container.add(BorderLayout.CENTER, new JScrollPane(table));
     }
 
-    public void press() throws AWTException {
-        Point point = this.table.getCellRect(1, 1, false).getLocation();
-        SwingUtilities.convertPointToScreen(point, this.table);
+    public static void press() throws Exception {
+        Point point = new Point();
+
+        SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(() -> {
+            point.setLocation(table.getCellRect(1, 1, false).getLocation());
+            SwingUtilities.convertPointToScreen(point, table);
+        });
 
         Robot robot = new Robot();
         robot.setAutoDelay(50);
         robot.mouseMove(point.x + 1, point.y + 1);
-        robot.mousePress(InputEvent.BUTTON1_MASK);
-        robot.mouseRelease(InputEvent.BUTTON1_MASK);
+        robot.waitForIdle();
+        robot.mousePress(InputEvent.BUTTON1_DOWN_MASK);
+        robot.mouseRelease(InputEvent.BUTTON1_DOWN_MASK);
+        robot.waitForIdle();
+        robot.delay(500);
     }
 
     public static void validate() {
         Component component = KeyboardFocusManager.getCurrentKeyboardFocusManager().getFocusOwner();
-        if (!component.getClass().equals(JComboBox.class)) {
-            throw new Error("unexpected focus owner: " + component);
+        System.out.println("Component " + component);
+        if (!(component instanceof JComboBox)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("unexpected focus owner: " + component);
         }
     }
 }

From 44ef3188ad1c867b9a88e39ecda497eeaa1904a4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ashay Rane <arane@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 28 Jul 2026 02:03:35 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 350/707] 8387309: GetXSpace test fails on ReFS and removable
 Windows volumes

Reviewed-by: jpai
---
 test/jdk/java/io/File/GetXSpace.java | 50 ++-------------------
 test/jdk/java/io/File/libGetXSpace.c | 65 ++++++++--------------------
 2 files changed, 22 insertions(+), 93 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/java/io/File/GetXSpace.java b/test/jdk/java/io/File/GetXSpace.java
index f1529c18fb2..835e197eff0 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/io/File/GetXSpace.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/io/File/GetXSpace.java
@@ -53,8 +53,6 @@ public class GetXSpace {
         System.loadLibrary("GetXSpace");
     }
 
-    private static final Pattern DF_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("([^\\s]+)\\s+(\\d+)\\s+(\\d+)\\s+(\\d+)\\s+\\d+%\\s+([^\\s].*)\n");
-
     private static int fail = 0;
     private static int pass = 0;
     private static Throwable first;
@@ -105,12 +103,8 @@ private static class Space {
         Space(String name) throws IOException {
             this.name = name;
             long[] sizes = new long[4];
-            if (Platform.isWindows() && isCDDrive(name)) {
-                getCDDriveSpace(name, sizes);
-            } else {
-                if (getSpace(name, sizes))
-                    System.err.println("WARNING: total space is estimated");
-            }
+            if (getSpace(name, sizes))
+                System.err.println("WARNING: total space is estimated");
             this.size = sizes[0];
             this.total = sizes[1];
             this.free = sizes[2];
@@ -178,8 +172,7 @@ private static void compare(Space s) throws IOException {
 
         out.format("%s (%d):%n", s.name(), s.size());
         String fmt = "  %-4s total = %12d free = %12d usable = %12d%n";
-        String method = Platform.isWindows() && isCDDrive(s.name()) ? "getCDDriveSpace" : "getSpace";
-        out.format(fmt, method, s.total(), s.free(), s.available());
+        out.format(fmt, "getSpace", s.total(), s.free(), s.available());
         out.format(fmt, "getXSpace", ts, fs, us);
 
         // If the file system can dynamically change size, this check will fail.
@@ -331,7 +324,6 @@ private static int testVolumes() throws IOException {
         out.println("--- Testing volumes");
         // Find all of the partitions on the machine and verify that the sizes
         // returned by File::getXSpace are equivalent to those from getSpace
-        // or getCDDriveSpace
         ArrayList<String> l;
         try {
             l = paths();
@@ -417,8 +409,6 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
     private static native boolean getSpace0(String root, long[] space)
         throws IOException;
 
-    private static native boolean isCDDrive(String root);
-
     private static boolean getSpace(String root, long[] space)
         throws IOException {
         try {
@@ -430,38 +420,4 @@ private static boolean getSpace(String root, long[] space)
             throw e;
         }
     }
-
-    private static void getCDDriveSpace(String root, long[] sizes)
-        throws IOException {
-        String[] cmd = new String[] {"df", "-k", "-P", root};
-        Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd);
-        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
-
-        try (BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getInputStream()))) {
-            String s;
-            int i = 0;
-            while ((s = in.readLine()) != null) {
-                // skip header
-                if (i++ == 0) continue;
-                sb.append(s).append("\n");
-            }
-        }
-        out.println(sb);
-
-        Matcher m = DF_PATTERN.matcher(sb);
-        int j = 0;
-        while (j < sb.length()) {
-            if (m.find(j)) {
-                sizes[0] = Long.parseLong(m.group(2)) * 1024;
-                sizes[1] = Long.parseLong(m.group(3)) * 1024;
-                sizes[2] = sizes[0] - sizes[1];
-                sizes[3] = Long.parseLong(m.group(4)) * 1024;
-                j = m.end();
-            } else {
-                throw new RuntimeException("unrecognized df output format: "
-                                           + "charAt(" + j + ") = '"
-                                           + sb.charAt(j) + "'");
-            }
-        }
-    }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/io/File/libGetXSpace.c b/test/jdk/java/io/File/libGetXSpace.c
index 9297721b8f4..b7fab2513cf 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/io/File/libGetXSpace.c
+++ b/test/jdk/java/io/File/libGetXSpace.c
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ extern "C" {
 
 #ifdef WINDOWS
 jboolean initialized = JNI_FALSE;
-BOOL(WINAPI * pfnGetDiskSpaceInformation)(LPCWSTR, LPVOID) = NULL;
+HRESULT(WINAPI * pfnGetDiskSpaceInformation)(LPCWSTR, LPVOID) = NULL;
 #endif
 
 //
@@ -82,29 +82,28 @@ Java_GetXSpace_getSpace0
     if (pfnGetDiskSpaceInformation != NULL) {
         // use GetDiskSpaceInformationW
         DISK_SPACE_INFORMATION diskSpaceInfo;
-        BOOL hres = pfnGetDiskSpaceInformation(path, &diskSpaceInfo);
-        (*env)->ReleaseStringChars(env, root, strchars);
+        HRESULT hres = pfnGetDiskSpaceInformation(path, &diskSpaceInfo);
         if (FAILED(hres)) {
-            JNU_ThrowByNameWithLastError(env, "java/io/IOException",
-                                         "GetDiskSpaceInformationW");
-            return totalSpaceIsEstimated;
+            totalSpaceIsEstimated = JNI_TRUE;
+        } else {
+            (*env)->ReleaseStringChars(env, root, strchars);
+            ULONGLONG bytesPerAllocationUnit =
+                diskSpaceInfo.SectorsPerAllocationUnit*diskSpaceInfo.BytesPerSector;
+            array[0] = (jlong)(diskSpaceInfo.ActualTotalAllocationUnits*
+                               bytesPerAllocationUnit);
+            array[1] = (jlong)(diskSpaceInfo.CallerTotalAllocationUnits*
+                               bytesPerAllocationUnit);
+            array[2] = (jlong)(diskSpaceInfo.ActualAvailableAllocationUnits*
+                               bytesPerAllocationUnit);
+            array[3] = (jlong)(diskSpaceInfo.CallerAvailableAllocationUnits*
+                               bytesPerAllocationUnit);
         }
-
-        ULONGLONG bytesPerAllocationUnit =
-            diskSpaceInfo.SectorsPerAllocationUnit*diskSpaceInfo.BytesPerSector;
-        array[0] = (jlong)(diskSpaceInfo.ActualTotalAllocationUnits*
-                           bytesPerAllocationUnit);
-        array[1] = (jlong)(diskSpaceInfo.CallerTotalAllocationUnits*
-                           bytesPerAllocationUnit);
-        array[2] = (jlong)(diskSpaceInfo.ActualAvailableAllocationUnits*
-                           bytesPerAllocationUnit);
-        array[3] = (jlong)(diskSpaceInfo.CallerAvailableAllocationUnits*
-                           bytesPerAllocationUnit);
     } else {
         totalSpaceIsEstimated = JNI_TRUE;
+    }
 
-        // if GetDiskSpaceInformationW is unavailable ("The specified
-        // procedure could not be found"), fall back to GetDiskFreeSpaceExW
+    if (totalSpaceIsEstimated == JNI_TRUE) {
+        // fall back to GetDiskFreeSpaceExW
         ULARGE_INTEGER freeBytesAvailable;
         ULARGE_INTEGER totalNumberOfBytes;
         ULARGE_INTEGER totalNumberOfFreeBytes;
@@ -112,7 +111,7 @@ Java_GetXSpace_getSpace0
         BOOL hres = GetDiskFreeSpaceExW(path, &freeBytesAvailable,
             &totalNumberOfBytes, &totalNumberOfFreeBytes);
         (*env)->ReleaseStringChars(env, root, strchars);
-        if (FAILED(hres)) {
+        if (!hres) {
             JNU_ThrowByNameWithLastError(env, "java/io/IOException",
                                          "GetDiskFreeSpaceExW");
             return totalSpaceIsEstimated;
@@ -159,32 +158,6 @@ Java_GetXSpace_getSpace0
     return totalSpaceIsEstimated;
 }
 
-JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
-Java_GetXSpace_isCDDrive
-    (JNIEnv *env, jclass cls, jstring root)
-{
-#ifdef WINDOWS
-    const jchar* strchars = (*env)->GetStringChars(env, root, NULL);
-    if (strchars == NULL) {
-        JNU_ThrowByNameWithLastError(env, "java/lang/RuntimeException",
-                                     "GetStringChars");
-        return JNI_FALSE;
-    }
-
-    LPCWSTR path = (LPCWSTR)strchars;
-    UINT driveType = GetDriveTypeW(path);
-
-    (*env)->ReleaseStringChars(env, root, strchars);
-
-    if (driveType != DRIVE_CDROM) {
-        return JNI_FALSE;
-    }
-
-    return JNI_TRUE;
-#else
-    return JNI_FALSE;
-#endif
-}
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 }
 #endif

From da345ec6a4528539fabd3add2aff88b6dea9f718 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Harshit Dhiman <hdhiman@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 28 Jul 2026 06:40:56 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 351/707] 8388425: [s390] Introduce interface for GC oop
 verification in the assembler

Reviewed-by: amitkumar, aph
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.cpp       | 13 ++++++++-----
 .../cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.cpp |  4 ++++
 .../cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.hpp |  2 ++
 3 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.cpp
index db3f2f6218f..bb0d0602db4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.cpp
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "c1/c1_ValueStack.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciInstance.hpp"
+#include "gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "nativeInst_s390.hpp"
@@ -972,7 +973,6 @@ void LIR_Assembler::mem2reg(LIR_Opr src_opr, LIR_Opr dest, BasicType type, LIR_P
       } else {
         __ z_lg(dest->as_register(), disp_value, disp_reg, src);
       }
-      __ verify_oop(dest->as_register(), FILE_AND_LINE);
       break;
     }
     case T_FLOAT:
@@ -1006,7 +1006,6 @@ void LIR_Assembler::stack2reg(LIR_Opr src, LIR_Opr dest, BasicType type) {
   if (dest->is_single_cpu()) {
     if (is_reference_type(type)) {
       __ mem2reg_opt(dest->as_register(), frame_map()->address_for_slot(src->single_stack_ix()), true);
-      __ verify_oop(dest->as_register(), FILE_AND_LINE);
     } else if (type == T_METADATA || type == T_ADDRESS) {
       __ mem2reg_opt(dest->as_register(), frame_map()->address_for_slot(src->single_stack_ix()), true);
     } else {
@@ -1033,7 +1032,10 @@ void LIR_Assembler::reg2stack(LIR_Opr src, LIR_Opr dest, BasicType type) {
   if (src->is_single_cpu()) {
     const Address dst = frame_map()->address_for_slot(dest->single_stack_ix());
     if (is_reference_type(type)) {
-      __ verify_oop(src->as_register(), FILE_AND_LINE);
+      if (VerifyOops) {
+        BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
+        bs->check_oop(_masm, src->as_register(), FILE_AND_LINE);
+      }
       __ reg2mem_opt(src->as_register(), dst, true);
     } else if (type == T_METADATA || type == T_ADDRESS) {
       __ reg2mem_opt(src->as_register(), dst, true);
@@ -1129,8 +1131,9 @@ void LIR_Assembler::reg2mem(LIR_Opr from, LIR_Opr dest_opr, BasicType type,
 
   assert(disp_reg != Z_R0 || Immediate::is_simm20(disp_value), "should have set this up");
 
-  if (is_reference_type(type)) {
-    __ verify_oop(from->as_register(), FILE_AND_LINE);
+  if (is_reference_type(type) && VerifyOops) {
+    BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
+    bs->check_oop(_masm, from->as_register(), FILE_AND_LINE);
   }
 
   bool short_disp = Immediate::is_uimm12(disp_value);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.cpp
index d0f92cc129a..b3ea74e1890 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.cpp
@@ -197,6 +197,10 @@ void BarrierSetAssembler::nmethod_entry_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm) {
   __ block_comment("} nmethod_entry_barrier (nmethod_entry_barrier)");
 }
 
+void BarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register oop, const char* msg) {
+  __ verify_oop(oop, msg);
+}
+
 #ifdef COMPILER2
 
 OptoReg::Name BarrierSetAssembler::refine_register(const Node* node, OptoReg::Name opto_reg) const {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.hpp
index 6c729528a67..b9cb2e082b7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.hpp
@@ -67,6 +67,8 @@ class BarrierSetAssembler: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
 
   virtual void barrier_stubs_init() {}
 
+  virtual void check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register oop, const char* msg);
+
 #ifdef COMPILER2
   OptoReg::Name refine_register(const Node* node,
                                 OptoReg::Name opto_reg) const;

From 3092edb9c7181d0bec9a7fb5af6bf3bf8fc1ee47 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 28 Jul 2026 07:34:43 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 352/707] 8388842: VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_NT checks in WPrinterJob
 are obsolete

Reviewed-by: prr, clanger, lucy
---
 .../native/libawt/windows/WPrinterJob.cpp     | 58 ++++++++-----------
 1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 35 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/WPrinterJob.cpp b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/WPrinterJob.cpp
index 245a4749950..bd7dc6367fd 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/WPrinterJob.cpp
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/WPrinterJob.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -53,45 +53,33 @@ Java_sun_print_PrintServiceLookupProvider_getDefaultPrinterName(JNIEnv *env,
     TRY;
 
     TCHAR cBuffer[250];
-    OSVERSIONINFO osv;
-    PRINTER_INFO_2 *ppi2 = NULL;
-    DWORD dwNeeded = 0;
-    DWORD dwReturned = 0;
     LPTSTR pPrinterName = NULL;
     jstring jPrinterName;
 
-    // What version of Windows are you running?
-    osv.dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO);
-    GetVersionEx(&osv);
-
-    // If Windows 2000, XP, Vista
-    if (osv.dwPlatformId == VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_NT) {
-
-       // Retrieve the default string from Win.ini (the registry).
-       // String will be in form "printername,drivername,portname".
-
-       if (GetProfileString(TEXT("windows"), TEXT("device"), TEXT(",,,"),
-                            cBuffer, 250) <= 0) {
-           return NULL;
-       }
-       // Copy printer name into passed-in buffer...
-       int index = 0;
-       int len = lstrlen(cBuffer);
-       while ((index < len) && cBuffer[index] != _T(',')) {
-              index++;
-       }
-       if (index==0) {
-         return NULL;
-       }
-
-       pPrinterName = (LPTSTR)GlobalAlloc(GPTR, (index+1)*sizeof(TCHAR));
-       lstrcpyn(pPrinterName, cBuffer, index+1);
-       jPrinterName = JNU_NewStringPlatform(env, pPrinterName);
-       GlobalFree(pPrinterName);
-       return jPrinterName;
-    } else {
+    // Retrieve the default string from Win.ini (the registry).
+    // String will be in form "printername,drivername,portname".
+    if (GetProfileString(TEXT("windows"), TEXT("device"), TEXT(",,,"),
+                         cBuffer, 250) <= 0) {
         return NULL;
     }
+    // Copy printer name into passed-in buffer...
+    int index = 0;
+    int len = lstrlen(cBuffer);
+    while ((index < len) && cBuffer[index] != _T(',')) {
+        index++;
+    }
+    if (index==0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    pPrinterName = (LPTSTR)GlobalAlloc(GPTR, (index+1)*sizeof(TCHAR));
+    if (pPrinterName == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    lstrcpyn(pPrinterName, cBuffer, index+1);
+    jPrinterName = JNU_NewStringPlatform(env, pPrinterName);
+    GlobalFree(pPrinterName);
+    return jPrinterName;
 
     CATCH_BAD_ALLOC_RET(NULL);
 }

From 094ef7904ff4458490efcc43561ec8088c65df77 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 28 Jul 2026 07:49:47 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 353/707] 8388923: Avoid local initialized unused variables in
 Hotspot

Reviewed-by: amitkumar, aph
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad                          | 2 --
 src/hotspot/share/compiler/abstractDisassembler.cpp | 5 +----
 src/hotspot/share/opto/regmask.hpp                  | 4 +---
 3 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
index b3e5a42926c..a1bad907138 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
@@ -2138,9 +2138,7 @@ uint MachSpillCopyNode::implementation(C2_MacroAssembler* masm,
   OptoReg::Name dst_second = ra_->get_reg_second(this);
   OptoReg::Name dst_first = ra_->get_reg_first(this);
 
-  enum RC src_second_rc = rc_class(src_second);
   enum RC src_first_rc = rc_class(src_first);
-  enum RC dst_second_rc = rc_class(dst_second);
   enum RC dst_first_rc = rc_class(dst_first);
 
   assert(OptoReg::is_valid(src_first) && OptoReg::is_valid(dst_first),
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/abstractDisassembler.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/abstractDisassembler.cpp
index df7781e93d5..5fecf2c866e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/abstractDisassembler.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/abstractDisassembler.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2019 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -345,9 +345,6 @@ void AbstractDisassembler::decode_range_abstract(address range_start, address ra
 // it respects the actual instruction length where possible.
 void AbstractDisassembler::decode_abstract(address start, address end, outputStream* ost,
                                            const int max_instr_size_in_bytes) {
-  int     idx = 0;
-  address pos = start;
-
   outputStream* st = (ost == nullptr) ? tty : ost;
 
   st->bol();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/regmask.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/regmask.hpp
index 99b10c1c557..4ba891bcb5a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/regmask.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/regmask.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -793,8 +793,6 @@ class RegMask {
     int rm_index_diff = _offset - rm._offset;
     int rm_hwm_tr = (int)rm._hwm - rm_index_diff;
     int rm_lwm_tr = (int)rm._lwm - rm_index_diff;
-    int rm_rm_max_tr = (int)rm.rm_word_max_index() - rm_index_diff;
-    int rm_rm_size_tr = (int)rm._rm_size_in_words - rm_index_diff;
     int hwm = MIN2((int)_hwm, rm_hwm_tr);
     int lwm = MAX2((int)_lwm, rm_lwm_tr);
     for (int i = lwm; i <= hwm; i++) {

From 7e28af20ee76808d66ac5ce4d254539bac5c8e72 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Andreas Chmielewski <achmielewski@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 28 Jul 2026 09:18:26 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 354/707] 8388412: Update PKCS#11 Cryptographic Token Interface
 to v3.2

Reviewed-by: valeriep
---
 .../share/legal/pkcs11cryptotoken.md          |  125 +-
 .../share/native/libj2pkcs11/pkcs11.h         |   36 +-
 .../share/native/libj2pkcs11/pkcs11f.h        |  154 +-
 .../share/native/libj2pkcs11/pkcs11t.h        | 1440 ++++++++++-------
 4 files changed, 1072 insertions(+), 683 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/share/legal/pkcs11cryptotoken.md b/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/share/legal/pkcs11cryptotoken.md
index 7877f54fe6e..33a2b5952ca 100644
--- a/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/share/legal/pkcs11cryptotoken.md
+++ b/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/share/legal/pkcs11cryptotoken.md
@@ -1,76 +1,77 @@
-## OASIS PKCS #11 Cryptographic Token Interface v3.1
+## OASIS PKCS #11 Cryptographic Token Interface v3.2
 
 ### OASIS PKCS #11 Cryptographic Token Interface License
 <pre>
 
-Copyright © OASIS Open 2023. All Rights Reserved.
+Copyright © OASIS Open 2026. All Rights Reserved.
 
-All capitalized terms in the following text have the meanings
-assigned to them in the OASIS Intellectual Property Rights Policy (the
-"OASIS IPR Policy"). The full Policy may be found at the OASIS website:
-[https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr/].
+All capitalized terms in the following text have the meanings assigned to them
+in the OASIS Intellectual Property Rights Policy (the "OASIS IPR Policy"). The
+full Policy may be found at the OASIS website:
+<https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr/>.
 
-This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
-others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it or
-assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published, and
-distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any kind,
-provided that the above copyright notice and this section are included
-on all such copies and derivative works. However, this document itself
-may not be modified in any way, including by removing the copyright
-notice or references to OASIS, except as needed for the purpose of
-developing any document or deliverable produced by an OASIS Technical
-Committee (in which case the rules applicable to copyrights, as set
-forth in the OASIS IPR Policy, must be followed) or as required to
-translate it into languages other than English.
+This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to others, and
+derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it or assist in its
+implementation may be prepared, copied, published, and distributed, in whole or
+in part, without restriction of any kind, provided that the above copyright
+notice and this section are included on all such copies and derivative works.
+However, this document itself may not be modified in any way, including by
+removing the copyright notice or references to OASIS, except as needed for the
+purpose of developing any document or deliverable produced by an OASIS Technical
+Committee (in which case the rules applicable to copyrights, as set forth in the
+OASIS IPR Policy, must be followed) or as required to translate it into
+languages other than English.
 
-The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be
-revoked by OASIS or its successors or assigns.
+The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be revoked by
+OASIS or its successors or assigns.
 
-This document and the information contained herein is provided on an
-"AS IS" basis and OASIS DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
-INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE
-INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY OWNERSHIP RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED
-WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. OASIS
-AND ITS MEMBERS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL OR
-CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF ANY USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OR ANY
-PART THEREOF.
+This document and the information contained herein is provided on an "AS IS"
+basis and OASIS DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE
+ANY OWNERSHIP RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR
+A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. OASIS AND ITS MEMBERS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
+INDIRECT, SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF ANY USE OF THIS
+DOCUMENT OR ANY PART THEREOF.
 
-As stated in the OASIS IPR Policy, the following three paragraphs in
-brackets apply to OASIS Standards Final Deliverable documents (Committee
-Specifications, OASIS Standards, or Approved Errata).
+As stated in the OASIS IPR Policy, the following three paragraphs in brackets
+apply to OASIS Standards Final Deliverable documents (Committee Specifications,
+OASIS Standards, or Approved Errata).
 
-[OASIS requests that any OASIS Party or any other party that
-believes it has patent claims that would necessarily be infringed by
-implementations of this OASIS Standards Final Deliverable, to notify
-OASIS TC Administrator and provide an indication of its willingness to
-grant patent licenses to such patent claims in a manner consistent with
-the IPR Mode of the OASIS Technical Committee that produced this
-deliverable.]
+[OASIS requests that any OASIS Party or any other party that believes it has
+patent claims that would necessarily be infringed by implementations of this
+OASIS Standards Final Deliverable, to notify OASIS TC Administrator and provide
+an indication of its willingness to grant patent licenses to such patent claims
+in a manner consistent with the IPR Mode of the OASIS Technical Committee that
+produced this deliverable.]
 
-[OASIS invites any party to contact the OASIS TC Administrator if it
-is aware of a claim of ownership of any patent claims that would
-necessarily be infringed by implementations of this OASIS Standards
-Final Deliverable by a patent holder that is not willing to provide a
-license to such patent claims in a manner consistent with the IPR Mode
-of the OASIS Technical Committee that produced this OASIS Standards
-Final Deliverable. OASIS may include such claims on its website, but
-disclaims any obligation to do so.]
+[OASIS invites any party to contact the OASIS TC Administrator if it is aware of
+a claim of ownership of any patent claims that would necessarily be infringed by
+implementations of this OASIS Standards Final Deliverable by a patent holder
+that is not willing to provide a license to such patent claims in a manner
+consistent with the IPR Mode of the OASIS Technical Committee that produced this
+OASIS Standards Final Deliverable. OASIS may include such claims on its website,
+but disclaims any obligation to do so.]
 
-[OASIS takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any
-intellectual property or other rights that might be claimed to pertain
-to the implementation or use of the technology described in this OASIS
-Standards Final Deliverable or the extent to which any license under
-such rights might or might not be available; neither does it represent
-that it has made any effort to identify any such rights. Information on
-OASIS' procedures with respect to rights in any document or deliverable
-produced by an OASIS Technical Committee can be found on the OASIS
-website. Copies of claims of rights made available for publication and
-any assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an
-attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of
-such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this OASIS Standards
-Final Deliverable, can be obtained from the OASIS TC Administrator.
-OASIS makes no representation that any information or list of
-intellectual property rights will at any time be complete, or that any
-claims in such list are, in fact, Essential Claims.]
+[OASIS takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any intellectual
+property or other rights that might be claimed to pertain to the implementation
+or use of the technology described in this OASIS Standards Final Deliverable or
+the extent to which any license under such rights might or might not be
+available; neither does it represent that it has made any effort to identify any
+such rights. Information on OASIS' procedures with respect to rights in any
+document or deliverable produced by an OASIS Technical Committee can be found on
+the OASIS website. Copies of claims of rights made available for publication and
+any assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an attempt
+made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of such proprietary
+rights by implementers or users of this OASIS Standards Final Deliverable, can
+be obtained from the OASIS TC Administrator. OASIS makes no representation that
+any information or list of intellectual property rights will at any time be
+complete, or that any claims in such list are, in fact, Essential Claims.]
+
+The name "OASIS" is a trademark of OASIS, the owner and developer of this
+document, and should be used only to refer to the organization and its official
+outputs. OASIS welcomes reference to, and implementation and use of, documents,
+while reserving the right to enforce its marks against misleading uses. Please
+see <https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/trademark/> for above
+guidance.
 
 </pre>
diff --git a/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/share/native/libj2pkcs11/pkcs11.h b/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/share/native/libj2pkcs11/pkcs11.h
index 5933da0e3b7..cb553fe9d37 100644
--- a/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/share/native/libj2pkcs11/pkcs11.h
+++ b/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/share/native/libj2pkcs11/pkcs11.h
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
-/*
- * PKCS #11 Specification Version 3.1
- * OASIS Standard
- * 23 July 2023
- * Copyright (c) OASIS Open 2023. All Rights Reserved.
- * Source: https://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-spec/v3.1/os/include/pkcs11-v3.1/
- * Latest stage of narrative specification: https://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-spec/v3.1/pkcs11-spec-v3.1.html
- * TC IPR Statement: https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/pkcs11/ipr.php
+/* Copyright (c) OASIS Open 2016,2019,2024. All Rights Reserved./
+ * /Distributed under the terms of the OASIS IPR Policy,
+ * [http://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr], AS-IS, WITHOUT ANY
+ * IMPLIED OR EXPRESS WARRANTY; there is no warranty of MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A
+ * PARTICULAR PURPOSE or NONINFRINGEMENT of the rights of others.
+ */
+
+/* Latest version of the specification:
+ * http://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-base/v3.2/pkcs11-base-v3.2.html
  */
 
 #ifndef _PKCS11_H_
@@ -204,6 +205,21 @@ extern "C" {
 #define CK_PKCS11_FUNCTION_INFO(name) \
   __PASTE(CK_,name) name;
 
+/* Create the 3.2 Function list */
+struct CK_FUNCTION_LIST_3_2 {
+
+  CK_VERSION    version;  /* Cryptoki version */
+
+/* Pile all the function pointers into the CK_FUNCTION_LIST. */
+/* pkcs11f.h has all the information about the Cryptoki
+ * function prototypes.
+ */
+#include "pkcs11f.h"
+
+};
+
+#define CK_PKCS11_3_0_ONLY 1   /* don't include the 3.2 and later functions */
+
 /* Create the 3.0 Function list */
 struct CK_FUNCTION_LIST_3_0 {
 
@@ -217,7 +233,9 @@ struct CK_FUNCTION_LIST_3_0 {
 
 };
 
-#define CK_PKCS11_2_0_ONLY 1
+#undef CK_PKCS11_3_0_ONLY
+
+#define CK_PKCS11_2_0_ONLY 1   /* don't include the 3.0 and later functions */
 
 /* Continue to define the old CK_FUNCTION_LIST */
 struct CK_FUNCTION_LIST {
diff --git a/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/share/native/libj2pkcs11/pkcs11f.h b/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/share/native/libj2pkcs11/pkcs11f.h
index 80c43400d05..6f44b4aa784 100644
--- a/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/share/native/libj2pkcs11/pkcs11f.h
+++ b/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/share/native/libj2pkcs11/pkcs11f.h
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
-/*
- * PKCS #11 Specification Version 3.1
- * OASIS Standard
- * 23 July 2023
- * Copyright (c) OASIS Open 2023. All Rights Reserved.
- * Source: https://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-spec/v3.1/os/include/pkcs11-v3.1/
- * Latest stage of narrative specification: https://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-spec/v3.1/pkcs11-spec-v3.1.html
- * TC IPR Statement: https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/pkcs11/ipr.php
+/* Copyright (c) OASIS Open 2016, 2019, 2024. All Rights Reserved./
+ * /Distributed under the terms of the OASIS IPR Policy,
+ * [http://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr], AS-IS, WITHOUT ANY
+ * IMPLIED OR EXPRESS WARRANTY; there is no warranty of MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A
+ * PARTICULAR PURPOSE or NONINFRINGEMENT of the rights of others.
+ */
+
+/* Latest version of the specification:
+ * http://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-spec/v3.2/pkcs11-spec-v3.2.html
  */
 
 /* This header file contains pretty much everything about all the
@@ -953,7 +954,7 @@ CK_PKCS11_FUNCTION_INFO(C_GetInterface)
   CK_UTF8CHAR_PTR       pInterfaceName, /* name of the interface */
   CK_VERSION_PTR        pVersion,       /* version of the interface */
   CK_INTERFACE_PTR_PTR  ppInterface,    /* returned interface */
-  CK_FLAGS              flags           /* flags controlling the semantics
+  CK_FLAGS      flags           /* flags controlling the semantics
                                          * of the interface */
 );
 #endif
@@ -1192,5 +1193,138 @@ CK_PKCS11_FUNCTION_INFO(C_MessageVerifyFinal)
 );
 #endif
 
-#endif /* CK_PKCS11_2_0_ONLY */
+#ifndef CK_PKCS11_3_0_ONLY
+CK_PKCS11_FUNCTION_INFO(C_EncapsulateKey)
+#ifdef CK_NEED_ARG_LIST
+(
+  CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,    /* the session's handle */
+  CK_MECHANISM_PTR pMechanism,   /* the encapsulation mechanism */
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hPublicKey,   /* the encapsulating key */
+  CK_ATTRIBUTE_PTR pTemplate,    /* new key template */
+  CK_ULONG ulAttributeCount,     /* template length */
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pCiphertext,       /* the wrapped key */
+  CK_ULONG_PTR pulCiphertextLen, /* the wrapped key size */
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE_PTR phKey     /* the encapsulated key */
+);
+#endif
+
+CK_PKCS11_FUNCTION_INFO(C_DecapsulateKey)
+#ifdef CK_NEED_ARG_LIST
+(
+  CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,    /* the session's handle */
+  CK_MECHANISM_PTR pMechanism,   /* the decapsulation mechanism */
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hPrivateKey,  /* the decapsulating key */
+  CK_ATTRIBUTE_PTR pTemplate,    /* new key template */
+  CK_ULONG ulAttributeCount,     /* template length */
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pCiphertext,       /* the wrapped key */
+  CK_ULONG ulCiphertextLen,      /* the wrapped key size */
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE_PTR phKey     /* the decapsulated key */
+);
+#endif
+
+CK_PKCS11_FUNCTION_INFO(C_VerifySignatureInit)
+#ifdef CK_NEED_ARG_LIST
+(
+  CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,    /* the session's handle */
+  CK_MECHANISM_PTR pMechanism,   /* the verification mechanism */
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hKey,         /* verification key */
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pSignature,        /* signature */
+  CK_ULONG ulSignatureLen        /* signature length */
+);
+#endif
+
+CK_PKCS11_FUNCTION_INFO(C_VerifySignature)
+#ifdef CK_NEED_ARG_LIST
+(
+  CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,    /* the session's handle */
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pData,             /* signed data */
+  CK_ULONG ulDataLen             /* length of signed data */
+);
+#endif
+
+CK_PKCS11_FUNCTION_INFO(C_VerifySignatureUpdate)
+#ifdef CK_NEED_ARG_LIST
+(
+  CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,    /* the session's handle */
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pPart,             /* signed data */
+  CK_ULONG ulPartLen             /* length of signed data */
+);
+#endif
+
+CK_PKCS11_FUNCTION_INFO(C_VerifySignatureFinal)
+#ifdef CK_NEED_ARG_LIST
+(
+   CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession    /* the session's handle */
+);
+#endif
+
+CK_PKCS11_FUNCTION_INFO(C_GetSessionValidationFlags)
+#ifdef CK_NEED_ARG_LIST
+(
+  CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,             /* the session's handle */
+  CK_SESSION_VALIDATION_FLAGS_TYPE type,  /* which state of flags */
+  CK_FLAGS_PTR pFlags                     /* validation flags */
+);
+#endif
+
+CK_PKCS11_FUNCTION_INFO(C_AsyncComplete)
+#ifdef CK_NEED_ARG_LIST
+(
+  CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,      /* the session's handle */
+  CK_UTF8CHAR_PTR pFunctionName,   /* pkcs11 function name */
+  CK_ASYNC_DATA_PTR pResult        /* operation result */
+);
+#endif
+
+CK_PKCS11_FUNCTION_INFO(C_AsyncGetID)
+#ifdef CK_NEED_ARG_LIST
+(
+  CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,    /* the session's handle */
+  CK_UTF8CHAR_PTR pFunctionName, /* pkcs11 function name */
+  CK_ULONG_PTR pulID             /* persistent operation id */
+);
+#endif
 
+CK_PKCS11_FUNCTION_INFO(C_AsyncJoin)
+#ifdef CK_NEED_ARG_LIST
+(
+  CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,    /* the session's handle */
+  CK_UTF8CHAR_PTR pFunctionName, /* pkcs11 function name */
+  CK_ULONG ulID,                 /* persistent operation id */
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pData,             /* location for the data */
+  CK_ULONG ulData
+);
+#endif
+
+CK_PKCS11_FUNCTION_INFO(C_WrapKeyAuthenticated)
+#ifdef CK_NEED_ARG_LIST
+(
+  CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
+  CK_MECHANISM_PTR pMechanism,
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hWrappingKey,
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hKey,
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pAssociatedData,
+  CK_ULONG ulAssociatedDataLen,
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pWrappedKey,
+  CK_ULONG_PTR pulWrappedKeyLen
+);
+#endif
+
+CK_PKCS11_FUNCTION_INFO(C_UnwrapKeyAuthenticated)
+#ifdef CK_NEED_ARG_LIST
+(
+  CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
+  CK_MECHANISM_PTR pMechanism,
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hUnwrappingKey,
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pWrappedKey,
+  CK_ULONG ulWrappedKeyLen,
+  CK_ATTRIBUTE_PTR pTemplate,
+  CK_ULONG ulAttributeCount,
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pAssociatedData,
+  CK_ULONG ulAssociatedDataLen,
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE_PTR phKey
+);
+#endif
+
+#endif /* CK_PKCS11_3_0_ONLY */
+#endif /* CK_PKCS11_2_0_ONLY */
diff --git a/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/share/native/libj2pkcs11/pkcs11t.h b/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/share/native/libj2pkcs11/pkcs11t.h
index 79d7cf7d7da..379cebd2b49 100644
--- a/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/share/native/libj2pkcs11/pkcs11t.h
+++ b/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/share/native/libj2pkcs11/pkcs11t.h
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
-/*
- * PKCS #11 Specification Version 3.1
- * OASIS Standard
- * 23 July 2023
- * Copyright (c) OASIS Open 2023. All Rights Reserved.
- * Source: https://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-spec/v3.1/os/include/pkcs11-v3.1/
- * Latest stage of narrative specification: https://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-spec/v3.1/pkcs11-spec-v3.1.html
- * TC IPR Statement: https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/pkcs11/ipr.php
+/* Copyright (c) OASIS Open 2016, 2019, 2024. All Rights Reserved./
+ * /Distributed under the terms of the OASIS IPR Policy,
+ * [http://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr], AS-IS, WITHOUT ANY
+ * IMPLIED OR EXPRESS WARRANTY; there is no warranty of MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A
+ * PARTICULAR PURPOSE or NONINFRINGEMENT of the rights of others.
+ */
+
+/* Latest version of the specification:
+ * http://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-spec/v3.2/pkcs11-spec-v3.2.html
  */
 
 /* See top of pkcs11.h for information about the macros that
@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@
 #define _PKCS11T_H_ 1
 
 #define CRYPTOKI_VERSION_MAJOR          3
-#define CRYPTOKI_VERSION_MINOR          1
+#define CRYPTOKI_VERSION_MINOR          2
 #define CRYPTOKI_VERSION_AMENDMENT      0
 
 #define CK_TRUE         1
@@ -64,6 +65,7 @@ typedef CK_CHAR     CK_PTR   CK_CHAR_PTR;
 typedef CK_UTF8CHAR CK_PTR   CK_UTF8CHAR_PTR;
 typedef CK_ULONG    CK_PTR   CK_ULONG_PTR;
 typedef void        CK_PTR   CK_VOID_PTR;
+typedef CK_ULONG    CK_PTR   CK_FLAGS_PTR;
 
 /* Pointer to a CK_VOID_PTR-- i.e., pointer to pointer to void */
 typedef CK_VOID_PTR CK_PTR CK_VOID_PTR_PTR;
@@ -76,19 +78,19 @@ typedef CK_VOID_PTR CK_PTR CK_VOID_PTR_PTR;
 
 
 typedef struct CK_VERSION {
-    CK_BYTE major;  /* integer portion of version number */
-    CK_BYTE minor;  /* 1/100ths portion of version number */
+  CK_BYTE       major;  /* integer portion of version number */
+  CK_BYTE       minor;  /* 1/100ths portion of version number */
 } CK_VERSION;
 
 typedef CK_VERSION CK_PTR CK_VERSION_PTR;
 
 
 typedef struct CK_INFO {
-    CK_VERSION  cryptokiVersion;        /* Cryptoki interface ver */
-    CK_UTF8CHAR manufacturerID[32];     /* blank padded */
-    CK_FLAGS    flags;                  /* must be zero */
-    CK_UTF8CHAR libraryDescription[32]; /* blank padded */
-    CK_VERSION  libraryVersion;         /* version of library */
+  CK_VERSION    cryptokiVersion;     /* Cryptoki interface ver */
+  CK_UTF8CHAR   manufacturerID[32];  /* blank padded */
+  CK_FLAGS      flags;               /* must be zero */
+  CK_UTF8CHAR   libraryDescription[32];  /* blank padded */
+  CK_VERSION    libraryVersion;          /* version of library */
 } CK_INFO;
 
 typedef CK_INFO CK_PTR    CK_INFO_PTR;
@@ -108,12 +110,12 @@ typedef CK_SLOT_ID CK_PTR CK_SLOT_ID_PTR;
 
 /* CK_SLOT_INFO provides information about a slot */
 typedef struct CK_SLOT_INFO {
-    CK_UTF8CHAR slotDescription[64];  /* blank padded */
-    CK_UTF8CHAR manufacturerID[32];   /* blank padded */
-    CK_FLAGS    flags;
+  CK_UTF8CHAR   slotDescription[64];  /* blank padded */
+  CK_UTF8CHAR   manufacturerID[32];   /* blank padded */
+  CK_FLAGS      flags;
 
-    CK_VERSION  hardwareVersion;      /* version of hardware */
-    CK_VERSION  firmwareVersion;      /* version of firmware */
+  CK_VERSION    hardwareVersion;  /* version of hardware */
+  CK_VERSION    firmwareVersion;  /* version of firmware */
 } CK_SLOT_INFO;
 
 /* flags: bit flags that provide capabilities of the slot
@@ -128,25 +130,25 @@ typedef CK_SLOT_INFO CK_PTR CK_SLOT_INFO_PTR;
 
 /* CK_TOKEN_INFO provides information about a token */
 typedef struct CK_TOKEN_INFO {
-    CK_UTF8CHAR label[32];            /* blank padded */
-    CK_UTF8CHAR manufacturerID[32];   /* blank padded */
-    CK_UTF8CHAR model[16];            /* blank padded */
-    CK_CHAR     serialNumber[16];     /* blank padded */
-    CK_FLAGS    flags;                /* see below */
-
-    CK_ULONG    ulMaxSessionCount;    /* max open sessions */
-    CK_ULONG    ulSessionCount;       /* sess. now open */
-    CK_ULONG    ulMaxRwSessionCount;  /* max R/W sessions */
-    CK_ULONG    ulRwSessionCount;     /* R/W sess. now open */
-    CK_ULONG    ulMaxPinLen;          /* in bytes */
-    CK_ULONG    ulMinPinLen;          /* in bytes */
-    CK_ULONG    ulTotalPublicMemory;  /* in bytes */
-    CK_ULONG    ulFreePublicMemory;   /* in bytes */
-    CK_ULONG    ulTotalPrivateMemory; /* in bytes */
-    CK_ULONG    ulFreePrivateMemory;  /* in bytes */
-    CK_VERSION  hardwareVersion;      /* version of hardware */
-    CK_VERSION  firmwareVersion;      /* version of firmware */
-    CK_CHAR     utcTime[16];          /* time */
+  CK_UTF8CHAR   label[32];           /* blank padded */
+  CK_UTF8CHAR   manufacturerID[32];  /* blank padded */
+  CK_UTF8CHAR   model[16];           /* blank padded */
+  CK_CHAR       serialNumber[16];    /* blank padded */
+  CK_FLAGS      flags;               /* see below */
+
+  CK_ULONG      ulMaxSessionCount;     /* max open sessions */
+  CK_ULONG      ulSessionCount;        /* sess. now open */
+  CK_ULONG      ulMaxRwSessionCount;   /* max R/W sessions */
+  CK_ULONG      ulRwSessionCount;      /* R/W sess. now open */
+  CK_ULONG      ulMaxPinLen;           /* in bytes */
+  CK_ULONG      ulMinPinLen;           /* in bytes */
+  CK_ULONG      ulTotalPublicMemory;   /* in bytes */
+  CK_ULONG      ulFreePublicMemory;    /* in bytes */
+  CK_ULONG      ulTotalPrivateMemory;  /* in bytes */
+  CK_ULONG      ulFreePrivateMemory;   /* in bytes */
+  CK_VERSION    hardwareVersion;       /* version of hardware */
+  CK_VERSION    firmwareVersion;       /* version of firmware */
+  CK_CHAR       utcTime[16];           /* time */
 } CK_TOKEN_INFO;
 
 /* The flags parameter is defined as follows:
@@ -245,8 +247,20 @@ typedef struct CK_TOKEN_INFO {
  */
 #define CKF_SO_PIN_TO_BE_CHANGED     0x00800000UL
 
+/* CKF_ERROR_STATE. If it is true, the token failed a FIPS 140
+ * self-test and entered an error state. */
 #define CKF_ERROR_STATE              0x01000000UL
 
+/*
+ * CKF_SEED_RANDOM_REQUIRED. If this is true  the token’s
+ * random number generator must be seeded or re-seeded using
+ * C_SeedRandom. */
+#define CKF_SEED_RANDOM_REQUIRED     0x02000000UL
+
+/* CKF_ASYNC_SESSION_SUPPORTED. If this is true the token
+ * supports asynchronous sessions. */
+#define CKF_ASYNC_SESSION_SUPPORTED  0x04000000UL
+
 typedef CK_TOKEN_INFO CK_PTR CK_TOKEN_INFO_PTR;
 
 
@@ -277,17 +291,18 @@ typedef CK_ULONG          CK_STATE;
 
 /* CK_SESSION_INFO provides information about a session */
 typedef struct CK_SESSION_INFO {
-    CK_SLOT_ID slotID;
-    CK_STATE   state;
-    CK_FLAGS   flags;          /* see below */
-    CK_ULONG   ulDeviceError;  /* device-dependent error code */
+  CK_SLOT_ID    slotID;
+  CK_STATE      state;
+  CK_FLAGS      flags;          /* see below */
+  CK_ULONG      ulDeviceError;  /* device-dependent error code */
 } CK_SESSION_INFO;
 
 /* The flags are defined in the following table:
- *      Bit Flag                Mask        Meaning
+ *      Bit Flag                    Mask         Meaning
  */
-#define CKF_RW_SESSION          0x00000002UL /* session is r/w */
-#define CKF_SERIAL_SESSION      0x00000004UL /* no parallel    */
+#define CKF_RW_SESSION              0x00000002UL /* session is r/w */
+#define CKF_SERIAL_SESSION          0x00000004UL /* no parallel    */
+#define CKF_ASYNC_SESSION           0x00000008UL /* session is async */
 
 typedef CK_SESSION_INFO CK_PTR CK_SESSION_INFO_PTR;
 
@@ -317,20 +332,22 @@ typedef CK_ULONG          CK_OBJECT_CLASS;
 #define CKO_MECHANISM         0x00000007UL
 #define CKO_OTP_KEY           0x00000008UL
 #define CKO_PROFILE           0x00000009UL
+#define CKO_VALIDATION        0x0000000aUL
+#define CKO_TRUST             0x0000000bUL
 
 #define CKO_VENDOR_DEFINED    0x80000000UL
 
 typedef CK_OBJECT_CLASS CK_PTR CK_OBJECT_CLASS_PTR;
 
 /* Profile ID's */
-#define CKP_INVALID_ID                0x00000000UL
-#define CKP_BASELINE_PROVIDER         0x00000001UL
-#define CKP_EXTENDED_PROVIDER         0x00000002UL
-#define CKP_AUTHENTICATION_TOKEN      0x00000003UL
-#define CKP_PUBLIC_CERTIFICATES_TOKEN 0x00000004UL
-#define CKP_COMPLETE_PROVIDER         0x00000005UL
-#define CKP_HKDF_TLS_TOKEN            0x00000006UL
-#define CKP_VENDOR_DEFINED            0x80000000UL
+#define CKP_INVALID_ID                0x00000000UL  /* Profile */
+#define CKP_BASELINE_PROVIDER         0x00000001UL  /* Profile */
+#define CKP_EXTENDED_PROVIDER         0x00000002UL  /* Profile */
+#define CKP_AUTHENTICATION_TOKEN      0x00000003UL  /* Profile */
+#define CKP_PUBLIC_CERTIFICATES_TOKEN 0x00000004UL  /* Profile */
+#define CKP_COMPLETE_PROVIDER         0x00000005UL  /* Profile */
+#define CKP_HKDF_TLS_TOKEN            0x00000006UL  /* Profile */
+#define CKP_VENDOR_DEFINED            0x80000000UL  /* Profile */
 
 
 /* CK_HW_FEATURE_TYPE is a value that identifies the hardware feature type
@@ -354,38 +371,38 @@ typedef CK_ULONG          CK_KEY_TYPE;
 #define CKK_ECDSA               0x00000003UL /* Deprecated */
 #define CKK_EC                  0x00000003UL
 #define CKK_X9_42_DH            0x00000004UL
-#define CKK_KEA                 0x00000005UL
+#define CKK_KEA                 0x00000005UL /* Historical */
 #define CKK_GENERIC_SECRET      0x00000010UL
-#define CKK_RC2                 0x00000011UL
-#define CKK_RC4                 0x00000012UL
-#define CKK_DES                 0x00000013UL
+#define CKK_RC2                 0x00000011UL /* Historical */
+#define CKK_RC4                 0x00000012UL /* Historical */
+#define CKK_DES                 0x00000013UL /* Historical */
 #define CKK_DES2                0x00000014UL
 #define CKK_DES3                0x00000015UL
-#define CKK_CAST                0x00000016UL
-#define CKK_CAST3               0x00000017UL
+#define CKK_CAST                0x00000016UL /* Historical */
+#define CKK_CAST3               0x00000017UL /* Historical */
 #define CKK_CAST5               0x00000018UL /* Deprecated */
-#define CKK_CAST128             0x00000018UL
-#define CKK_RC5                 0x00000019UL
-#define CKK_IDEA                0x0000001AUL
-#define CKK_SKIPJACK            0x0000001BUL
-#define CKK_BATON               0x0000001CUL
-#define CKK_JUNIPER             0x0000001DUL
-#define CKK_CDMF                0x0000001EUL
+#define CKK_CAST128             0x00000018UL /* Historical */
+#define CKK_RC5                 0x00000019UL /* Historical */
+#define CKK_IDEA                0x0000001AUL /* Historical */
+#define CKK_SKIPJACK            0x0000001BUL /* Historical */
+#define CKK_BATON               0x0000001CUL /* Historical */
+#define CKK_JUNIPER             0x0000001DUL /* Historical */
+#define CKK_CDMF                0x0000001EUL /* Historical */
 #define CKK_AES                 0x0000001FUL
 #define CKK_BLOWFISH            0x00000020UL
 #define CKK_TWOFISH             0x00000021UL
 #define CKK_SECURID             0x00000022UL
-#define CKK_HOTP                0x00000023UL
-#define CKK_ACTI                0x00000024UL
+#define CKK_HOTP                0x00000023UL /* Historical */
+#define CKK_ACTI                0x00000024UL /* Historical */
 #define CKK_CAMELLIA            0x00000025UL
 #define CKK_ARIA                0x00000026UL
 
 /* the following definitions were added in the 2.30 header file,
  * but never defined in the spec. */
-#define CKK_MD5_HMAC            0x00000027UL
+#define CKK_MD5_HMAC            0x00000027UL /* Historical */
 #define CKK_SHA_1_HMAC          0x00000028UL
-#define CKK_RIPEMD128_HMAC      0x00000029UL
-#define CKK_RIPEMD160_HMAC      0x0000002AUL
+#define CKK_RIPEMD128_HMAC      0x00000029UL /* Historical */
+#define CKK_RIPEMD160_HMAC      0x0000002AUL /* Historical */
 #define CKK_SHA256_HMAC         0x0000002BUL
 #define CKK_SHA384_HMAC         0x0000002CUL
 #define CKK_SHA512_HMAC         0x0000002DUL
@@ -417,6 +434,13 @@ typedef CK_ULONG          CK_KEY_TYPE;
 #define CKK_SHA512_T_HMAC       0x00000045UL
 #define CKK_HSS                 0x00000046UL
 
+#define CKK_XMSS                0x00000047UL
+#define CKK_XMSSMT              0x00000048UL
+#define CKK_ML_KEM              0x00000049UL
+#define CKK_ML_DSA              0x0000004aUL
+#define CKK_SLH_DSA             0x0000004bUL
+
+
 #define CKK_VENDOR_DEFINED      0x80000000UL
 
 
@@ -615,6 +639,39 @@ typedef CK_ULONG          CK_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE;
 #define CKA_HSS_LMS_TYPES               0x0000061aUL
 #define CKA_HSS_LMOTS_TYPES             0x0000061bUL
 #define CKA_HSS_KEYS_REMAINING          0x0000061cUL
+/* new post-quantum (general) */
+#define CKA_PARAMETER_SET               0x0000061dUL
+/* validation objects */
+#define CKA_OBJECT_VALIDATION_FLAGS     0x0000061eUL
+#define CKA_VALIDATION_TYPE             0x0000061fUL
+#define CKA_VALIDATION_VERSION          0x00000620UL
+#define CKA_VALIDATION_LEVEL            0x00000621UL
+#define CKA_VALIDATION_MODULE_ID        0x00000622UL
+#define CKA_VALIDATION_FLAG             0x00000623UL
+#define CKA_VALIDATION_AUTHORITY_TYPE   0x00000624UL
+#define CKA_VALIDATION_COUNTRY          0x00000625UL
+#define CKA_VALIDATION_CERTIFICATE_IDENTIFIER 0x00000626UL
+#define CKA_VALIDATION_CERTIFICATE_URI  0x00000627UL
+#define CKA_VALIDATION_VENDOR_URI       0x00000628UL
+#define CKA_VALIDATION_PROFILE          0x00000629UL
+/* KEM */
+#define CKA_ENCAPSULATE_TEMPLATE        0x0000062aUL
+#define CKA_DECAPSULATE_TEMPLATE        0x0000062bUL
+/* trust objects */
+#define CKA_TRUST_SERVER_AUTH           0x0000062cUL
+#define CKA_TRUST_CLIENT_AUTH           0x0000062dUL
+#define CKA_TRUST_CODE_SIGNING          0x0000062eUL
+#define CKA_TRUST_EMAIL_PROTECTION      0x0000062fUL
+#define CKA_TRUST_IPSEC_IKE             0x00000630UL
+#define CKA_TRUST_TIME_STAMPING         0x00000631UL
+#define CKA_TRUST_OCSP_SIGNING          0x00000632UL
+#define CKA_ENCAPSULATE                 0x00000633UL
+#define CKA_DECAPSULATE                 0x00000634UL
+#define CKA_HASH_OF_CERTIFICATE         0x00000635UL
+/* linking pubic and private keys */
+#define CKA_PUBLIC_CRC64_VALUE          0x00000636UL
+/* new post-quantum (general) */
+#define CKA_SEED                        0x00000637UL
 
 #define CKA_VENDOR_DEFINED              0x80000000UL
 
@@ -622,18 +679,18 @@ typedef CK_ULONG          CK_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE;
  * and value of an attribute
  */
 typedef struct CK_ATTRIBUTE {
-    CK_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE type;
-    CK_VOID_PTR       pValue;
-    CK_ULONG          ulValueLen;  /* in bytes */
+  CK_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE type;
+  CK_VOID_PTR       pValue;
+  CK_ULONG          ulValueLen;  /* in bytes */
 } CK_ATTRIBUTE;
 
 typedef CK_ATTRIBUTE CK_PTR CK_ATTRIBUTE_PTR;
 
 /* CK_DATE is a structure that defines a date */
 typedef struct CK_DATE{
-    CK_CHAR year[4];   /* the year ("1900" - "9999") */
-    CK_CHAR month[2];  /* the month ("01" - "12") */
-    CK_CHAR day[2];    /* the day   ("01" - "31") */
+  CK_CHAR       year[4];   /* the year ("1900" - "9999") */
+  CK_CHAR       month[2];  /* the month ("01" - "12") */
+  CK_CHAR       day[2];    /* the day   ("01" - "31") */
 } CK_DATE;
 
 
@@ -715,23 +772,23 @@ typedef CK_ULONG          CK_MECHANISM_TYPE;
 #define CKM_SHA3_224_RSA_PKCS          0x00000066UL
 #define CKM_SHA3_224_RSA_PKCS_PSS      0x00000067UL
 
-#define CKM_RC2_KEY_GEN                0x00000100UL
-#define CKM_RC2_ECB                    0x00000101UL
-#define CKM_RC2_CBC                    0x00000102UL
-#define CKM_RC2_MAC                    0x00000103UL
+#define CKM_RC2_KEY_GEN                0x00000100UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_RC2_ECB                    0x00000101UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_RC2_CBC                    0x00000102UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_RC2_MAC                    0x00000103UL /* Historical */
 
-#define CKM_RC2_MAC_GENERAL            0x00000104UL
-#define CKM_RC2_CBC_PAD                0x00000105UL
+#define CKM_RC2_MAC_GENERAL            0x00000104UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_RC2_CBC_PAD                0x00000105UL /* Historical */
 
-#define CKM_RC4_KEY_GEN                0x00000110UL
-#define CKM_RC4                        0x00000111UL
-#define CKM_DES_KEY_GEN                0x00000120UL
-#define CKM_DES_ECB                    0x00000121UL
-#define CKM_DES_CBC                    0x00000122UL
-#define CKM_DES_MAC                    0x00000123UL
+#define CKM_RC4_KEY_GEN                0x00000110UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_RC4                        0x00000111UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_DES_KEY_GEN                0x00000120UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_DES_ECB                    0x00000121UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_DES_CBC                    0x00000122UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_DES_MAC                    0x00000123UL /* Historical */
 
-#define CKM_DES_MAC_GENERAL            0x00000124UL
-#define CKM_DES_CBC_PAD                0x00000125UL
+#define CKM_DES_MAC_GENERAL            0x00000124UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_DES_CBC_PAD                0x00000125UL /* Historical */
 
 #define CKM_DES2_KEY_GEN               0x00000130UL
 #define CKM_DES3_KEY_GEN               0x00000131UL
@@ -743,39 +800,39 @@ typedef CK_ULONG          CK_MECHANISM_TYPE;
 #define CKM_DES3_CBC_PAD               0x00000136UL
 #define CKM_DES3_CMAC_GENERAL          0x00000137UL
 #define CKM_DES3_CMAC                  0x00000138UL
-#define CKM_CDMF_KEY_GEN               0x00000140UL
-#define CKM_CDMF_ECB                   0x00000141UL
-#define CKM_CDMF_CBC                   0x00000142UL
-#define CKM_CDMF_MAC                   0x00000143UL
-#define CKM_CDMF_MAC_GENERAL           0x00000144UL
-#define CKM_CDMF_CBC_PAD               0x00000145UL
+#define CKM_CDMF_KEY_GEN               0x00000140UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_CDMF_ECB                   0x00000141UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_CDMF_CBC                   0x00000142UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_CDMF_MAC                   0x00000143UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_CDMF_MAC_GENERAL           0x00000144UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_CDMF_CBC_PAD               0x00000145UL /* Historical */
 
 #define CKM_DES_OFB64                  0x00000150UL
 #define CKM_DES_OFB8                   0x00000151UL
 #define CKM_DES_CFB64                  0x00000152UL
 #define CKM_DES_CFB8                   0x00000153UL
 
-#define CKM_MD2                        0x00000200UL
+#define CKM_MD2                        0x00000200UL /* Historical */
 
-#define CKM_MD2_HMAC                   0x00000201UL
-#define CKM_MD2_HMAC_GENERAL           0x00000202UL
+#define CKM_MD2_HMAC                   0x00000201UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_MD2_HMAC_GENERAL           0x00000202UL /* Historical */
 
-#define CKM_MD5                        0x00000210UL
+#define CKM_MD5                        0x00000210UL /* Historical */
 
-#define CKM_MD5_HMAC                   0x00000211UL
-#define CKM_MD5_HMAC_GENERAL           0x00000212UL
+#define CKM_MD5_HMAC                   0x00000211UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_MD5_HMAC_GENERAL           0x00000212UL /* Historical */
 
 #define CKM_SHA_1                      0x00000220UL
 
 #define CKM_SHA_1_HMAC                 0x00000221UL
 #define CKM_SHA_1_HMAC_GENERAL         0x00000222UL
 
-#define CKM_RIPEMD128                  0x00000230UL
-#define CKM_RIPEMD128_HMAC             0x00000231UL
-#define CKM_RIPEMD128_HMAC_GENERAL     0x00000232UL
-#define CKM_RIPEMD160                  0x00000240UL
-#define CKM_RIPEMD160_HMAC             0x00000241UL
-#define CKM_RIPEMD160_HMAC_GENERAL     0x00000242UL
+#define CKM_RIPEMD128                  0x00000230UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_RIPEMD128_HMAC             0x00000231UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_RIPEMD128_HMAC_GENERAL     0x00000232UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_RIPEMD160                  0x00000240UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_RIPEMD160_HMAC             0x00000241UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_RIPEMD160_HMAC_GENERAL     0x00000242UL /* Historical */
 
 #define CKM_SHA256                     0x00000250UL
 #define CKM_SHA256_HMAC                0x00000251UL
@@ -814,43 +871,43 @@ typedef CK_ULONG          CK_MECHANISM_TYPE;
 #define CKM_SHA3_512_KEY_GEN           0x000002d3UL
 
 
-#define CKM_CAST_KEY_GEN               0x00000300UL
-#define CKM_CAST_ECB                   0x00000301UL
-#define CKM_CAST_CBC                   0x00000302UL
-#define CKM_CAST_MAC                   0x00000303UL
-#define CKM_CAST_MAC_GENERAL           0x00000304UL
-#define CKM_CAST_CBC_PAD               0x00000305UL
-#define CKM_CAST3_KEY_GEN              0x00000310UL
-#define CKM_CAST3_ECB                  0x00000311UL
-#define CKM_CAST3_CBC                  0x00000312UL
-#define CKM_CAST3_MAC                  0x00000313UL
-#define CKM_CAST3_MAC_GENERAL          0x00000314UL
-#define CKM_CAST3_CBC_PAD              0x00000315UL
+#define CKM_CAST_KEY_GEN               0x00000300UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_CAST_ECB                   0x00000301UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_CAST_CBC                   0x00000302UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_CAST_MAC                   0x00000303UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_CAST_MAC_GENERAL           0x00000304UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_CAST_CBC_PAD               0x00000305UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_CAST3_KEY_GEN              0x00000310UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_CAST3_ECB                  0x00000311UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_CAST3_CBC                  0x00000312UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_CAST3_MAC                  0x00000313UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_CAST3_MAC_GENERAL          0x00000314UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_CAST3_CBC_PAD              0x00000315UL /* Historical */
 /* Note that CAST128 and CAST5 are the same algorithm */
-#define CKM_CAST5_KEY_GEN              0x00000320UL
-#define CKM_CAST128_KEY_GEN            0x00000320UL
-#define CKM_CAST5_ECB                  0x00000321UL
-#define CKM_CAST128_ECB                0x00000321UL
+#define CKM_CAST5_KEY_GEN              0x00000320UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_CAST128_KEY_GEN            0x00000320UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_CAST5_ECB                  0x00000321UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_CAST128_ECB                0x00000321UL /* Historical */
 #define CKM_CAST5_CBC                  0x00000322UL /* Deprecated */
-#define CKM_CAST128_CBC                0x00000322UL
+#define CKM_CAST128_CBC                0x00000322UL /* Historical */
 #define CKM_CAST5_MAC                  0x00000323UL /* Deprecated */
-#define CKM_CAST128_MAC                0x00000323UL
+#define CKM_CAST128_MAC                0x00000323UL /* Historical */
 #define CKM_CAST5_MAC_GENERAL          0x00000324UL /* Deprecated */
-#define CKM_CAST128_MAC_GENERAL        0x00000324UL
+#define CKM_CAST128_MAC_GENERAL        0x00000324UL /* Historical */
 #define CKM_CAST5_CBC_PAD              0x00000325UL /* Deprecated */
-#define CKM_CAST128_CBC_PAD            0x00000325UL
-#define CKM_RC5_KEY_GEN                0x00000330UL
-#define CKM_RC5_ECB                    0x00000331UL
-#define CKM_RC5_CBC                    0x00000332UL
-#define CKM_RC5_MAC                    0x00000333UL
-#define CKM_RC5_MAC_GENERAL            0x00000334UL
-#define CKM_RC5_CBC_PAD                0x00000335UL
-#define CKM_IDEA_KEY_GEN               0x00000340UL
-#define CKM_IDEA_ECB                   0x00000341UL
-#define CKM_IDEA_CBC                   0x00000342UL
-#define CKM_IDEA_MAC                   0x00000343UL
-#define CKM_IDEA_MAC_GENERAL           0x00000344UL
-#define CKM_IDEA_CBC_PAD               0x00000345UL
+#define CKM_CAST128_CBC_PAD            0x00000325UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_RC5_KEY_GEN                0x00000330UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_RC5_ECB                    0x00000331UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_RC5_CBC                    0x00000332UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_RC5_MAC                    0x00000333UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_RC5_MAC_GENERAL            0x00000334UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_RC5_CBC_PAD                0x00000335UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_IDEA_KEY_GEN               0x00000340UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_IDEA_ECB                   0x00000341UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_IDEA_CBC                   0x00000342UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_IDEA_MAC                   0x00000343UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_IDEA_MAC_GENERAL           0x00000344UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_IDEA_CBC_PAD               0x00000345UL /* Historical */
 #define CKM_GENERIC_SECRET_KEY_GEN     0x00000350UL
 #define CKM_CONCATENATE_BASE_AND_KEY   0x00000360UL
 #define CKM_CONCATENATE_BASE_AND_DATA  0x00000362UL
@@ -871,8 +928,8 @@ typedef CK_ULONG          CK_MECHANISM_TYPE;
 
 #define CKM_SSL3_MD5_MAC               0x00000380UL
 #define CKM_SSL3_SHA1_MAC              0x00000381UL
-#define CKM_MD5_KEY_DERIVATION         0x00000390UL
-#define CKM_MD2_KEY_DERIVATION         0x00000391UL
+#define CKM_MD5_KEY_DERIVATION         0x00000390UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_MD2_KEY_DERIVATION         0x00000391UL /* Historical */
 #define CKM_SHA1_KEY_DERIVATION        0x00000392UL
 
 #define CKM_SHA256_KEY_DERIVATION      0x00000393UL
@@ -892,16 +949,16 @@ typedef CK_ULONG          CK_MECHANISM_TYPE;
 #define CKM_SHAKE_128_KEY_DERIVE CKM_SHAKE_128_KEY_DERIVATION
 #define CKM_SHAKE_256_KEY_DERIVE CKM_SHAKE_256_KEY_DERIVATION
 
-#define CKM_PBE_MD2_DES_CBC            0x000003a0UL
-#define CKM_PBE_MD5_DES_CBC            0x000003a1UL
-#define CKM_PBE_MD5_CAST_CBC           0x000003a2UL
-#define CKM_PBE_MD5_CAST3_CBC          0x000003a3UL
+#define CKM_PBE_MD2_DES_CBC            0x000003a0UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_PBE_MD5_DES_CBC            0x000003a1UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_PBE_MD5_CAST_CBC           0x000003a2UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_PBE_MD5_CAST3_CBC          0x000003a3UL /* Historical */
 #define CKM_PBE_MD5_CAST5_CBC          0x000003a4UL /* Deprecated */
-#define CKM_PBE_MD5_CAST128_CBC        0x000003a4UL
+#define CKM_PBE_MD5_CAST128_CBC        0x000003a4UL /* Historical */
 #define CKM_PBE_SHA1_CAST5_CBC         0x000003a5UL /* Deprecated */
-#define CKM_PBE_SHA1_CAST128_CBC       0x000003a5UL
-#define CKM_PBE_SHA1_RC4_128           0x000003a6UL
-#define CKM_PBE_SHA1_RC4_40            0x000003a7UL
+#define CKM_PBE_SHA1_CAST128_CBC       0x000003a5UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_PBE_SHA1_RC4_128           0x000003a6UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_PBE_SHA1_RC4_40            0x000003a7UL /* Historical */
 #define CKM_PBE_SHA1_DES3_EDE_CBC      0x000003a8UL
 #define CKM_PBE_SHA1_DES2_EDE_CBC      0x000003a9UL
 #define CKM_PBE_SHA1_RC2_128_CBC       0x000003aaUL
@@ -945,7 +1002,7 @@ typedef CK_ULONG          CK_MECHANISM_TYPE;
 #define CKM_CAMELLIA_CBC_PAD           0x00000555UL
 #define CKM_CAMELLIA_ECB_ENCRYPT_DATA  0x00000556UL
 #define CKM_CAMELLIA_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA  0x00000557UL
-#define CKM_CAMELLIA_CTR               0x00000558UL
+#define CKM_CAMELLIA_CTR               0x00000558UL /* Historical */
 
 #define CKM_ARIA_KEY_GEN               0x00000560UL
 #define CKM_ARIA_ECB                   0x00000561UL
@@ -965,28 +1022,28 @@ typedef CK_ULONG          CK_MECHANISM_TYPE;
 #define CKM_SEED_ECB_ENCRYPT_DATA      0x00000656UL
 #define CKM_SEED_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA      0x00000657UL
 
-#define CKM_SKIPJACK_KEY_GEN           0x00001000UL
-#define CKM_SKIPJACK_ECB64             0x00001001UL
-#define CKM_SKIPJACK_CBC64             0x00001002UL
-#define CKM_SKIPJACK_OFB64             0x00001003UL
-#define CKM_SKIPJACK_CFB64             0x00001004UL
-#define CKM_SKIPJACK_CFB32             0x00001005UL
-#define CKM_SKIPJACK_CFB16             0x00001006UL
-#define CKM_SKIPJACK_CFB8              0x00001007UL
-#define CKM_SKIPJACK_WRAP              0x00001008UL
-#define CKM_SKIPJACK_PRIVATE_WRAP      0x00001009UL
-#define CKM_SKIPJACK_RELAYX            0x0000100aUL
-#define CKM_KEA_KEY_PAIR_GEN           0x00001010UL
-#define CKM_KEA_KEY_DERIVE             0x00001011UL
-#define CKM_KEA_DERIVE                 0x00001012UL
-#define CKM_FORTEZZA_TIMESTAMP         0x00001020UL
-#define CKM_BATON_KEY_GEN              0x00001030UL
-#define CKM_BATON_ECB128               0x00001031UL
-#define CKM_BATON_ECB96                0x00001032UL
-#define CKM_BATON_CBC128               0x00001033UL
-#define CKM_BATON_COUNTER              0x00001034UL
-#define CKM_BATON_SHUFFLE              0x00001035UL
-#define CKM_BATON_WRAP                 0x00001036UL
+#define CKM_SKIPJACK_KEY_GEN           0x00001000UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_SKIPJACK_ECB64             0x00001001UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_SKIPJACK_CBC64             0x00001002UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_SKIPJACK_OFB64             0x00001003UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_SKIPJACK_CFB64             0x00001004UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_SKIPJACK_CFB32             0x00001005UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_SKIPJACK_CFB16             0x00001006UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_SKIPJACK_CFB8              0x00001007UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_SKIPJACK_WRAP              0x00001008UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_SKIPJACK_PRIVATE_WRAP      0x00001009UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_SKIPJACK_RELAYX            0x0000100aUL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_KEA_KEY_PAIR_GEN           0x00001010UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_KEA_KEY_DERIVE             0x00001011UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_KEA_DERIVE                 0x00001012UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_FORTEZZA_TIMESTAMP         0x00001020UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_BATON_KEY_GEN              0x00001030UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_BATON_ECB128               0x00001031UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_BATON_ECB96                0x00001032UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_BATON_CBC128               0x00001033UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_BATON_COUNTER              0x00001034UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_BATON_SHUFFLE              0x00001035UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_BATON_WRAP                 0x00001036UL /* Historical */
 
 #define CKM_ECDSA_KEY_PAIR_GEN         0x00001040UL /* Deprecated */
 #define CKM_EC_KEY_PAIR_GEN            0x00001040UL
@@ -1006,12 +1063,12 @@ typedef CK_ULONG          CK_MECHANISM_TYPE;
 #define CKM_ECDH_AES_KEY_WRAP          0x00001053UL
 #define CKM_RSA_AES_KEY_WRAP           0x00001054UL
 
-#define CKM_JUNIPER_KEY_GEN            0x00001060UL
-#define CKM_JUNIPER_ECB128             0x00001061UL
-#define CKM_JUNIPER_CBC128             0x00001062UL
-#define CKM_JUNIPER_COUNTER            0x00001063UL
-#define CKM_JUNIPER_SHUFFLE            0x00001064UL
-#define CKM_JUNIPER_WRAP               0x00001065UL
+#define CKM_JUNIPER_KEY_GEN            0x00001060UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_JUNIPER_ECB128             0x00001061UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_JUNIPER_CBC128             0x00001062UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_JUNIPER_COUNTER            0x00001063UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_JUNIPER_SHUFFLE            0x00001064UL /* Historical */
+#define CKM_JUNIPER_WRAP               0x00001065UL /* Historical */
 #define CKM_FASTHASH                   0x00001070UL
 
 #define CKM_AES_XTS                    0x00001071UL
@@ -1067,7 +1124,7 @@ typedef CK_ULONG          CK_MECHANISM_TYPE;
 #define CKM_DH_PKCS_PARAMETER_GEN      0x00002001UL
 #define CKM_X9_42_DH_PARAMETER_GEN     0x00002002UL
 #define CKM_DSA_PROBABILISTIC_PARAMETER_GEN 0x00002003UL
-#define CKM_DSA_PROBABLISTIC_PARAMETER_GEN CKM_DSA_PROBABILISTIC_PARAMETER_GEN
+#define CKM_DSA_PROBABLISTIC_PARAMETER_GEN CKM_DSA_PROBABILISTIC_PARAMETER_GEN /* Depricated */
 #define CKM_DSA_SHAWE_TAYLOR_PARAMETER_GEN    0x00002004UL
 #define CKM_DSA_FIPS_G_GEN               0x00002005UL
 
@@ -1147,6 +1204,48 @@ typedef CK_ULONG          CK_MECHANISM_TYPE;
 #define CKM_HSS_KEY_PAIR_GEN           0x00004032UL
 #define CKM_HSS                        0x00004033UL
 
+#define CKM_XMSS_KEY_PAIR_GEN          0x00004034UL
+#define CKM_XMSSMT_KEY_PAIR_GEN        0x00004035UL
+#define CKM_XMSS                       0x00004036UL
+#define CKM_XMSSMT                     0x00004037UL
+
+#define CKM_ECDH_X_AES_KEY_WRAP        0x00004038UL
+#define CKM_ECDH_COF_AES_KEY_WRAP      0x00004039UL
+#define CKM_PUB_KEY_FROM_PRIV_KEY      0x0000403aUL
+
+#define CKM_ML_KEM_KEY_PAIR_GEN        0x0000000fUL
+#define CKM_ML_KEM                     0x00000017UL
+
+#define CKM_ML_DSA_KEY_PAIR_GEN        0x0000001cUL
+#define CKM_ML_DSA                     0x0000001dUL
+#define CKM_HASH_ML_DSA                0x0000001fUL
+#define CKM_HASH_ML_DSA_SHA224         0x00000023UL
+#define CKM_HASH_ML_DSA_SHA256         0x00000024UL
+#define CKM_HASH_ML_DSA_SHA384         0x00000025UL
+#define CKM_HASH_ML_DSA_SHA512         0x00000026UL
+#define CKM_HASH_ML_DSA_SHA3_224       0x00000027UL
+#define CKM_HASH_ML_DSA_SHA3_256       0x00000028UL
+#define CKM_HASH_ML_DSA_SHA3_384       0x00000029UL
+#define CKM_HASH_ML_DSA_SHA3_512       0x0000002aUL
+#define CKM_HASH_ML_DSA_SHAKE128       0x0000002bUL
+#define CKM_HASH_ML_DSA_SHAKE256       0x0000002cUL
+
+#define CKM_SLH_DSA_KEY_PAIR_GEN       0x0000002dUL
+#define CKM_SLH_DSA                    0x0000002eUL
+#define CKM_HASH_SLH_DSA               0x00000034UL
+#define CKM_HASH_SLH_DSA_SHA224        0x00000036UL
+#define CKM_HASH_SLH_DSA_SHA256        0x00000037UL
+#define CKM_HASH_SLH_DSA_SHA384        0x00000038UL
+#define CKM_HASH_SLH_DSA_SHA512        0x00000039UL
+#define CKM_HASH_SLH_DSA_SHA3_224      0x0000003aUL
+#define CKM_HASH_SLH_DSA_SHA3_256      0x0000003bUL
+#define CKM_HASH_SLH_DSA_SHA3_384      0x0000003cUL
+#define CKM_HASH_SLH_DSA_SHA3_512      0x0000003dUL
+#define CKM_HASH_SLH_DSA_SHAKE128      0x0000003eUL
+#define CKM_HASH_SLH_DSA_SHAKE256      0x0000003fUL
+
+#define CKM_TLS12_EXTENDED_MASTER_KEY_DERIVE    0x00000056UL
+#define CKM_TLS12_EXTENDED_MASTER_KEY_DERIVE_DH 0x00000057UL
 
 #define CKM_VENDOR_DEFINED             0x80000000UL
 
@@ -1157,9 +1256,9 @@ typedef CK_MECHANISM_TYPE CK_PTR CK_MECHANISM_TYPE_PTR;
  * mechanism
  */
 typedef struct CK_MECHANISM {
-    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE mechanism;
-    CK_VOID_PTR       pParameter;
-    CK_ULONG          ulParameterLen;  /* in bytes */
+  CK_MECHANISM_TYPE mechanism;
+  CK_VOID_PTR       pParameter;
+  CK_ULONG          ulParameterLen;  /* in bytes */
 } CK_MECHANISM;
 
 typedef CK_MECHANISM CK_PTR CK_MECHANISM_PTR;
@@ -1169,9 +1268,9 @@ typedef CK_MECHANISM CK_PTR CK_MECHANISM_PTR;
  * mechanism
  */
 typedef struct CK_MECHANISM_INFO {
-    CK_ULONG ulMinKeySize;
-    CK_ULONG ulMaxKeySize;
-    CK_FLAGS flags;
+    CK_ULONG    ulMinKeySize;
+    CK_ULONG    ulMaxKeySize;
+    CK_FLAGS    flags;
 } CK_MECHANISM_INFO;
 
 /* The flags are defined as follows:
@@ -1212,6 +1311,9 @@ typedef struct CK_MECHANISM_INFO {
 #define CKF_EC_COMPRESS        0x02000000UL
 #define CKF_EC_CURVENAME       0x04000000UL
 
+#define CKF_ENCAPSULATE        0x10000000UL
+#define CKF_DECAPSULATE        0x20000000UL
+
 #define CKF_EXTENSION          0x80000000UL
 
 typedef CK_MECHANISM_INFO CK_PTR CK_MECHANISM_INFO_PTR;
@@ -1345,14 +1447,21 @@ typedef CK_ULONG          CK_RV;
 #define CKR_OPERATION_CANCEL_FAILED           0x00000202UL
 #define CKR_KEY_EXHAUSTED                     0x00000203UL
 
+#define CKR_PENDING                           0x00000204UL
+#define CKR_SESSION_ASYNC_NOT_SUPPORTED       0x00000205UL
+#define CKR_SEED_RANDOM_REQUIRED              0x00000206UL
+#define CKR_OPERATION_NOT_VALIDATED           0x00000207UL
+#define CKR_TOKEN_NOT_INITIALIZED             0x00000208UL
+#define CKR_PARAMETER_SET_NOT_SUPPORTED       0x00000209UL
+
 #define CKR_VENDOR_DEFINED                    0x80000000UL
 
 
 /* CK_NOTIFY is an application callback that processes events */
 typedef CK_CALLBACK_FUNCTION(CK_RV, CK_NOTIFY)(
-    CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,     /* the session's handle */
-    CK_NOTIFICATION   event,
-    CK_VOID_PTR       pApplication  /* passed to C_OpenSession */
+  CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,     /* the session's handle */
+  CK_NOTIFICATION   event,
+  CK_VOID_PTR       pApplication  /* passed to C_OpenSession */
 );
 
 
@@ -1362,17 +1471,20 @@ typedef CK_CALLBACK_FUNCTION(CK_RV, CK_NOTIFY)(
  */
 typedef struct CK_FUNCTION_LIST CK_FUNCTION_LIST;
 typedef struct CK_FUNCTION_LIST_3_0 CK_FUNCTION_LIST_3_0;
+typedef struct CK_FUNCTION_LIST_3_2 CK_FUNCTION_LIST_3_2;
 
 typedef CK_FUNCTION_LIST CK_PTR CK_FUNCTION_LIST_PTR;
 typedef CK_FUNCTION_LIST_3_0 CK_PTR CK_FUNCTION_LIST_3_0_PTR;
+typedef CK_FUNCTION_LIST_3_2 CK_PTR CK_FUNCTION_LIST_3_2_PTR;
 
 typedef CK_FUNCTION_LIST_PTR CK_PTR CK_FUNCTION_LIST_PTR_PTR;
 typedef CK_FUNCTION_LIST_3_0_PTR CK_PTR CK_FUNCTION_LIST_3_0_PTR_PTR;
+typedef CK_FUNCTION_LIST_3_2_PTR CK_PTR CK_FUNCTION_LIST_3_2_PTR_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_INTERFACE {
-    CK_CHAR     *pInterfaceName;
-    CK_VOID_PTR pFunctionList;
-    CK_FLAGS    flags;
+      CK_UTF8CHAR_PTR pInterfaceName;
+      CK_VOID_PTR     pFunctionList;
+      CK_FLAGS        flags;
 } CK_INTERFACE;
 
 typedef CK_INTERFACE CK_PTR CK_INTERFACE_PTR;
@@ -1385,7 +1497,7 @@ typedef CK_INTERFACE_PTR CK_PTR CK_INTERFACE_PTR_PTR;
  * mutex object
  */
 typedef CK_CALLBACK_FUNCTION(CK_RV, CK_CREATEMUTEX)(
-    CK_VOID_PTR_PTR ppMutex  /* location to receive ptr to mutex */
+  CK_VOID_PTR_PTR ppMutex  /* location to receive ptr to mutex */
 );
 
 
@@ -1393,13 +1505,13 @@ typedef CK_CALLBACK_FUNCTION(CK_RV, CK_CREATEMUTEX)(
  * mutex object
  */
 typedef CK_CALLBACK_FUNCTION(CK_RV, CK_DESTROYMUTEX)(
-    CK_VOID_PTR pMutex  /* pointer to mutex */
+  CK_VOID_PTR pMutex  /* pointer to mutex */
 );
 
 
 /* CK_LOCKMUTEX is an application callback for locking a mutex */
 typedef CK_CALLBACK_FUNCTION(CK_RV, CK_LOCKMUTEX)(
-    CK_VOID_PTR pMutex  /* pointer to mutex */
+  CK_VOID_PTR pMutex  /* pointer to mutex */
 );
 
 
@@ -1407,7 +1519,7 @@ typedef CK_CALLBACK_FUNCTION(CK_RV, CK_LOCKMUTEX)(
  * mutex
  */
 typedef CK_CALLBACK_FUNCTION(CK_RV, CK_UNLOCKMUTEX)(
-    CK_VOID_PTR pMutex  /* pointer to mutex */
+  CK_VOID_PTR pMutex  /* pointer to mutex */
 );
 
 /* Get functionlist flags */
@@ -1417,12 +1529,12 @@ typedef CK_CALLBACK_FUNCTION(CK_RV, CK_UNLOCKMUTEX)(
  * C_Initialize
  */
 typedef struct CK_C_INITIALIZE_ARGS {
-    CK_CREATEMUTEX  CreateMutex;
-    CK_DESTROYMUTEX DestroyMutex;
-    CK_LOCKMUTEX    LockMutex;
-    CK_UNLOCKMUTEX  UnlockMutex;
-    CK_FLAGS        flags;
-    CK_VOID_PTR     pReserved;
+  CK_CREATEMUTEX CreateMutex;
+  CK_DESTROYMUTEX DestroyMutex;
+  CK_LOCKMUTEX LockMutex;
+  CK_UNLOCKMUTEX UnlockMutex;
+  CK_FLAGS flags;
+  CK_VOID_PTR pReserved;
 } CK_C_INITIALIZE_ARGS;
 
 /* flags: bit flags that provide capabilities of the slot
@@ -1476,11 +1588,11 @@ typedef CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_SOURCE_TYPE CK_PTR CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_SOURCE_TYPE_PTR;
  * CKM_RSA_PKCS_OAEP mechanism.
  */
 typedef struct CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_PARAMS {
-    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE            hashAlg;
-    CK_RSA_PKCS_MGF_TYPE         mgf;
-    CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_SOURCE_TYPE source;
-    CK_VOID_PTR                  pSourceData;
-    CK_ULONG                     ulSourceDataLen;
+        CK_MECHANISM_TYPE hashAlg;
+        CK_RSA_PKCS_MGF_TYPE mgf;
+        CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_SOURCE_TYPE source;
+        CK_VOID_PTR pSourceData;
+        CK_ULONG ulSourceDataLen;
 } CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_PARAMS_PTR;
@@ -1489,9 +1601,9 @@ typedef CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_PARAMS_PTR;
  * CKM_RSA_PKCS_PSS mechanism(s).
  */
 typedef struct CK_RSA_PKCS_PSS_PARAMS {
-    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE    hashAlg;
-    CK_RSA_PKCS_MGF_TYPE mgf;
-    CK_ULONG             sLen;
+        CK_MECHANISM_TYPE    hashAlg;
+        CK_RSA_PKCS_MGF_TYPE mgf;
+        CK_ULONG             sLen;
 } CK_RSA_PKCS_PSS_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_RSA_PKCS_PSS_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_RSA_PKCS_PSS_PARAMS_PTR;
@@ -1534,11 +1646,11 @@ typedef CK_EC_KDF_TYPE CK_PTR CK_EC_KDF_TYPE_PTR;
  * where each party contributes one key pair.
  */
 typedef struct CK_ECDH1_DERIVE_PARAMS {
-    CK_EC_KDF_TYPE kdf;
-    CK_ULONG       ulSharedDataLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR    pSharedData;
-    CK_ULONG       ulPublicDataLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR    pPublicData;
+  CK_EC_KDF_TYPE kdf;
+  CK_ULONG ulSharedDataLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pSharedData;
+  CK_ULONG ulPublicDataLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pPublicData;
 } CK_ECDH1_DERIVE_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_ECDH1_DERIVE_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_ECDH1_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR;
@@ -1548,30 +1660,30 @@ typedef CK_ECDH1_DERIVE_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_ECDH1_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR;
  * CKM_ECMQV_DERIVE mechanism, where each party contributes two key pairs.
  */
 typedef struct CK_ECDH2_DERIVE_PARAMS {
-    CK_EC_KDF_TYPE   kdf;
-    CK_ULONG         ulSharedDataLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR      pSharedData;
-    CK_ULONG         ulPublicDataLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR      pPublicData;
-    CK_ULONG         ulPrivateDataLen;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hPrivateData;
-    CK_ULONG         ulPublicDataLen2;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR      pPublicData2;
+  CK_EC_KDF_TYPE kdf;
+  CK_ULONG ulSharedDataLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pSharedData;
+  CK_ULONG ulPublicDataLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pPublicData;
+  CK_ULONG ulPrivateDataLen;
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hPrivateData;
+  CK_ULONG ulPublicDataLen2;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pPublicData2;
 } CK_ECDH2_DERIVE_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_ECDH2_DERIVE_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_ECDH2_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_ECMQV_DERIVE_PARAMS {
-    CK_EC_KDF_TYPE   kdf;
-    CK_ULONG         ulSharedDataLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR      pSharedData;
-    CK_ULONG         ulPublicDataLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR      pPublicData;
-    CK_ULONG         ulPrivateDataLen;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hPrivateData;
-    CK_ULONG         ulPublicDataLen2;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR      pPublicData2;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE publicKey;
+  CK_EC_KDF_TYPE kdf;
+  CK_ULONG ulSharedDataLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pSharedData;
+  CK_ULONG ulPublicDataLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pPublicData;
+  CK_ULONG ulPrivateDataLen;
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hPrivateData;
+  CK_ULONG ulPublicDataLen2;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pPublicData2;
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE publicKey;
 } CK_ECMQV_DERIVE_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_ECMQV_DERIVE_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_ECMQV_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR;
@@ -1587,11 +1699,11 @@ typedef CK_X9_42_DH_KDF_TYPE CK_PTR CK_X9_42_DH_KDF_TYPE_PTR;
  * contributes one key pair
  */
 typedef struct CK_X9_42_DH1_DERIVE_PARAMS {
-    CK_X9_42_DH_KDF_TYPE kdf;
-    CK_ULONG             ulOtherInfoLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR          pOtherInfo;
-    CK_ULONG             ulPublicDataLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR          pPublicData;
+  CK_X9_42_DH_KDF_TYPE kdf;
+  CK_ULONG ulOtherInfoLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pOtherInfo;
+  CK_ULONG ulPublicDataLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pPublicData;
 } CK_X9_42_DH1_DERIVE_PARAMS;
 
 typedef struct CK_X9_42_DH1_DERIVE_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_X9_42_DH1_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR;
@@ -1601,30 +1713,30 @@ typedef struct CK_X9_42_DH1_DERIVE_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_X9_42_DH1_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR;
  * mechanisms, where each party contributes two key pairs
  */
 typedef struct CK_X9_42_DH2_DERIVE_PARAMS {
-    CK_X9_42_DH_KDF_TYPE kdf;
-    CK_ULONG             ulOtherInfoLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR          pOtherInfo;
-    CK_ULONG             ulPublicDataLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR          pPublicData;
-    CK_ULONG             ulPrivateDataLen;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE     hPrivateData;
-    CK_ULONG             ulPublicDataLen2;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR          pPublicData2;
+  CK_X9_42_DH_KDF_TYPE kdf;
+  CK_ULONG ulOtherInfoLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pOtherInfo;
+  CK_ULONG ulPublicDataLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pPublicData;
+  CK_ULONG ulPrivateDataLen;
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hPrivateData;
+  CK_ULONG ulPublicDataLen2;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pPublicData2;
 } CK_X9_42_DH2_DERIVE_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_X9_42_DH2_DERIVE_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_X9_42_DH2_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_X9_42_MQV_DERIVE_PARAMS {
-    CK_X9_42_DH_KDF_TYPE kdf;
-    CK_ULONG             ulOtherInfoLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR          pOtherInfo;
-    CK_ULONG             ulPublicDataLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR          pPublicData;
-    CK_ULONG             ulPrivateDataLen;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE     hPrivateData;
-    CK_ULONG             ulPublicDataLen2;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR          pPublicData2;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE     publicKey;
+  CK_X9_42_DH_KDF_TYPE kdf;
+  CK_ULONG ulOtherInfoLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pOtherInfo;
+  CK_ULONG ulPublicDataLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pPublicData;
+  CK_ULONG ulPrivateDataLen;
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hPrivateData;
+  CK_ULONG ulPublicDataLen2;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pPublicData2;
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE publicKey;
 } CK_X9_42_MQV_DERIVE_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_X9_42_MQV_DERIVE_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_X9_42_MQV_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR;
@@ -1633,12 +1745,12 @@ typedef CK_X9_42_MQV_DERIVE_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_X9_42_MQV_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR;
  * CKM_KEA_DERIVE mechanism
  */
 typedef struct CK_KEA_DERIVE_PARAMS {
-    CK_BBOOL    isSender;
-    CK_ULONG    ulRandomLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pRandomA;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pRandomB;
-    CK_ULONG    ulPublicDataLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pPublicData;
+  CK_BBOOL      isSender;
+  CK_ULONG      ulRandomLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR   pRandomA;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR   pRandomB;
+  CK_ULONG      ulPublicDataLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR   pPublicData;
 } CK_KEA_DERIVE_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_KEA_DERIVE_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_KEA_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR;
@@ -1657,8 +1769,8 @@ typedef CK_RC2_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_RC2_PARAMS_PTR;
  * mechanism
  */
 typedef struct CK_RC2_CBC_PARAMS {
-    CK_ULONG ulEffectiveBits;  /* effective bits (1-1024) */
-    CK_BYTE  iv[8];            /* IV for CBC mode */
+  CK_ULONG      ulEffectiveBits;  /* effective bits (1-1024) */
+  CK_BYTE       iv[8];            /* IV for CBC mode */
 } CK_RC2_CBC_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_RC2_CBC_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_RC2_CBC_PARAMS_PTR;
@@ -1668,20 +1780,20 @@ typedef CK_RC2_CBC_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_RC2_CBC_PARAMS_PTR;
  * CKM_RC2_MAC_GENERAL mechanism
  */
 typedef struct CK_RC2_MAC_GENERAL_PARAMS {
-    CK_ULONG ulEffectiveBits;  /* effective bits (1-1024) */
-    CK_ULONG ulMacLength;      /* Length of MAC in bytes */
+  CK_ULONG      ulEffectiveBits;  /* effective bits (1-1024) */
+  CK_ULONG      ulMacLength;      /* Length of MAC in bytes */
 } CK_RC2_MAC_GENERAL_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_RC2_MAC_GENERAL_PARAMS CK_PTR \
-        CK_RC2_MAC_GENERAL_PARAMS_PTR;
+  CK_RC2_MAC_GENERAL_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 
 /* CK_RC5_PARAMS provides the parameters to the CKM_RC5_ECB and
  * CKM_RC5_MAC mechanisms
  */
 typedef struct CK_RC5_PARAMS {
-    CK_ULONG ulWordsize;  /* wordsize in bits */
-    CK_ULONG ulRounds;    /* number of rounds */
+  CK_ULONG      ulWordsize;  /* wordsize in bits */
+  CK_ULONG      ulRounds;    /* number of rounds */
 } CK_RC5_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_RC5_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_RC5_PARAMS_PTR;
@@ -1691,10 +1803,10 @@ typedef CK_RC5_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_RC5_PARAMS_PTR;
  * mechanism
  */
 typedef struct CK_RC5_CBC_PARAMS {
-    CK_ULONG    ulWordsize;  /* wordsize in bits */
-    CK_ULONG    ulRounds;    /* number of rounds */
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pIv;         /* pointer to IV */
-    CK_ULONG    ulIvLen;     /* length of IV in bytes */
+  CK_ULONG      ulWordsize;  /* wordsize in bits */
+  CK_ULONG      ulRounds;    /* number of rounds */
+  CK_BYTE_PTR   pIv;         /* pointer to IV */
+  CK_ULONG      ulIvLen;     /* length of IV in bytes */
 } CK_RC5_CBC_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_RC5_CBC_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_RC5_CBC_PARAMS_PTR;
@@ -1704,13 +1816,13 @@ typedef CK_RC5_CBC_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_RC5_CBC_PARAMS_PTR;
  * CKM_RC5_MAC_GENERAL mechanism
  */
 typedef struct CK_RC5_MAC_GENERAL_PARAMS {
-    CK_ULONG ulWordsize;   /* wordsize in bits */
-    CK_ULONG ulRounds;     /* number of rounds */
-    CK_ULONG ulMacLength;  /* Length of MAC in bytes */
+  CK_ULONG      ulWordsize;   /* wordsize in bits */
+  CK_ULONG      ulRounds;     /* number of rounds */
+  CK_ULONG      ulMacLength;  /* Length of MAC in bytes */
 } CK_RC5_MAC_GENERAL_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_RC5_MAC_GENERAL_PARAMS CK_PTR \
-        CK_RC5_MAC_GENERAL_PARAMS_PTR;
+  CK_RC5_MAC_GENERAL_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 /* CK_MAC_GENERAL_PARAMS provides the parameters to most block
  * ciphers' MAC_GENERAL mechanisms.  Its value is the length of
@@ -1721,17 +1833,17 @@ typedef CK_ULONG          CK_MAC_GENERAL_PARAMS;
 typedef CK_MAC_GENERAL_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_MAC_GENERAL_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_DES_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS {
-    CK_BYTE     iv[8];
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pData;
-    CK_ULONG    length;
+  CK_BYTE      iv[8];
+  CK_BYTE_PTR  pData;
+  CK_ULONG     length;
 } CK_DES_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_DES_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_DES_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_AES_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS {
-    CK_BYTE     iv[16];
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pData;
-    CK_ULONG    length;
+  CK_BYTE      iv[16];
+  CK_BYTE_PTR  pData;
+  CK_ULONG     length;
 } CK_AES_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_AES_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_AES_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS_PTR;
@@ -1740,54 +1852,54 @@ typedef CK_AES_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_AES_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS_PTR
  * CKM_SKIPJACK_PRIVATE_WRAP mechanism
  */
 typedef struct CK_SKIPJACK_PRIVATE_WRAP_PARAMS {
-    CK_ULONG    ulPasswordLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pPassword;
-    CK_ULONG    ulPublicDataLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pPublicData;
-    CK_ULONG    ulPAndGLen;
-    CK_ULONG    ulQLen;
-    CK_ULONG    ulRandomLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pRandomA;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pPrimeP;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pBaseG;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pSubprimeQ;
+  CK_ULONG      ulPasswordLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR   pPassword;
+  CK_ULONG      ulPublicDataLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR   pPublicData;
+  CK_ULONG      ulPAndGLen;
+  CK_ULONG      ulQLen;
+  CK_ULONG      ulRandomLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR   pRandomA;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR   pPrimeP;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR   pBaseG;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR   pSubprimeQ;
 } CK_SKIPJACK_PRIVATE_WRAP_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_SKIPJACK_PRIVATE_WRAP_PARAMS CK_PTR \
-        CK_SKIPJACK_PRIVATE_WRAP_PARAMS_PTR;
+  CK_SKIPJACK_PRIVATE_WRAP_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 
 /* CK_SKIPJACK_RELAYX_PARAMS provides the parameters to the
  * CKM_SKIPJACK_RELAYX mechanism
  */
 typedef struct CK_SKIPJACK_RELAYX_PARAMS {
-    CK_ULONG    ulOldWrappedXLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pOldWrappedX;
-    CK_ULONG    ulOldPasswordLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pOldPassword;
-    CK_ULONG    ulOldPublicDataLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pOldPublicData;
-    CK_ULONG    ulOldRandomLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pOldRandomA;
-    CK_ULONG    ulNewPasswordLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pNewPassword;
-    CK_ULONG    ulNewPublicDataLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pNewPublicData;
-    CK_ULONG    ulNewRandomLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pNewRandomA;
+  CK_ULONG      ulOldWrappedXLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR   pOldWrappedX;
+  CK_ULONG      ulOldPasswordLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR   pOldPassword;
+  CK_ULONG      ulOldPublicDataLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR   pOldPublicData;
+  CK_ULONG      ulOldRandomLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR   pOldRandomA;
+  CK_ULONG      ulNewPasswordLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR   pNewPassword;
+  CK_ULONG      ulNewPublicDataLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR   pNewPublicData;
+  CK_ULONG      ulNewRandomLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR   pNewRandomA;
 } CK_SKIPJACK_RELAYX_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_SKIPJACK_RELAYX_PARAMS CK_PTR \
-        CK_SKIPJACK_RELAYX_PARAMS_PTR;
+  CK_SKIPJACK_RELAYX_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 
 typedef struct CK_PBE_PARAMS {
-    CK_BYTE_PTR     pInitVector;
-    CK_UTF8CHAR_PTR pPassword;
-    CK_ULONG        ulPasswordLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR     pSalt;
-    CK_ULONG        ulSaltLen;
-    CK_ULONG        ulIteration;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR      pInitVector;
+  CK_UTF8CHAR_PTR  pPassword;
+  CK_ULONG         ulPasswordLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR      pSalt;
+  CK_ULONG         ulSaltLen;
+  CK_ULONG         ulIteration;
 } CK_PBE_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_PBE_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_PBE_PARAMS_PTR;
@@ -1797,134 +1909,134 @@ typedef CK_PBE_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_PBE_PARAMS_PTR;
  * CKM_KEY_WRAP_SET_OAEP mechanism
  */
 typedef struct CK_KEY_WRAP_SET_OAEP_PARAMS {
-    CK_BYTE     bBC;     /* block contents byte */
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pX;      /* extra data */
-    CK_ULONG    ulXLen;  /* length of extra data in bytes */
+  CK_BYTE       bBC;     /* block contents byte */
+  CK_BYTE_PTR   pX;      /* extra data */
+  CK_ULONG      ulXLen;  /* length of extra data in bytes */
 } CK_KEY_WRAP_SET_OAEP_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_KEY_WRAP_SET_OAEP_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_KEY_WRAP_SET_OAEP_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_SSL3_RANDOM_DATA {
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pClientRandom;
-    CK_ULONG    ulClientRandomLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pServerRandom;
-    CK_ULONG    ulServerRandomLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR  pClientRandom;
+  CK_ULONG     ulClientRandomLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR  pServerRandom;
+  CK_ULONG     ulServerRandomLen;
 } CK_SSL3_RANDOM_DATA;
 
 
 typedef struct CK_SSL3_MASTER_KEY_DERIVE_PARAMS {
-    CK_SSL3_RANDOM_DATA RandomInfo;
-    CK_VERSION_PTR      pVersion;
+  CK_SSL3_RANDOM_DATA RandomInfo;
+  CK_VERSION_PTR pVersion;
 } CK_SSL3_MASTER_KEY_DERIVE_PARAMS;
 
 typedef struct CK_SSL3_MASTER_KEY_DERIVE_PARAMS CK_PTR \
-        CK_SSL3_MASTER_KEY_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR;
+  CK_SSL3_MASTER_KEY_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_SSL3_KEY_MAT_OUT {
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hClientMacSecret;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hServerMacSecret;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hClientKey;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hServerKey;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR      pIVClient;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR      pIVServer;
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hClientMacSecret;
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hServerMacSecret;
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hClientKey;
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hServerKey;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR      pIVClient;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR      pIVServer;
 } CK_SSL3_KEY_MAT_OUT;
 
 typedef CK_SSL3_KEY_MAT_OUT CK_PTR CK_SSL3_KEY_MAT_OUT_PTR;
 
 
 typedef struct CK_SSL3_KEY_MAT_PARAMS {
-    CK_ULONG                ulMacSizeInBits;
-    CK_ULONG                ulKeySizeInBits;
-    CK_ULONG                ulIVSizeInBits;
-    CK_BBOOL                bIsExport;
-    CK_SSL3_RANDOM_DATA     RandomInfo;
-    CK_SSL3_KEY_MAT_OUT_PTR pReturnedKeyMaterial;
+  CK_ULONG                ulMacSizeInBits;
+  CK_ULONG                ulKeySizeInBits;
+  CK_ULONG                ulIVSizeInBits;
+  CK_BBOOL                bIsExport;
+  CK_SSL3_RANDOM_DATA     RandomInfo;
+  CK_SSL3_KEY_MAT_OUT_PTR pReturnedKeyMaterial;
 } CK_SSL3_KEY_MAT_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_SSL3_KEY_MAT_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_SSL3_KEY_MAT_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_TLS_PRF_PARAMS {
-    CK_BYTE_PTR  pSeed;
-    CK_ULONG     ulSeedLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR  pLabel;
-    CK_ULONG     ulLabelLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR  pOutput;
-    CK_ULONG_PTR pulOutputLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR  pSeed;
+  CK_ULONG     ulSeedLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR  pLabel;
+  CK_ULONG     ulLabelLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR  pOutput;
+  CK_ULONG_PTR pulOutputLen;
 } CK_TLS_PRF_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_TLS_PRF_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_TLS_PRF_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_WTLS_RANDOM_DATA {
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pClientRandom;
-    CK_ULONG    ulClientRandomLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pServerRandom;
-    CK_ULONG    ulServerRandomLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pClientRandom;
+  CK_ULONG    ulClientRandomLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pServerRandom;
+  CK_ULONG    ulServerRandomLen;
 } CK_WTLS_RANDOM_DATA;
 
 typedef CK_WTLS_RANDOM_DATA CK_PTR CK_WTLS_RANDOM_DATA_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_WTLS_MASTER_KEY_DERIVE_PARAMS {
-    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE   DigestMechanism;
-    CK_WTLS_RANDOM_DATA RandomInfo;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR         pVersion;
+  CK_MECHANISM_TYPE   DigestMechanism;
+  CK_WTLS_RANDOM_DATA RandomInfo;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR         pVersion;
 } CK_WTLS_MASTER_KEY_DERIVE_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_WTLS_MASTER_KEY_DERIVE_PARAMS CK_PTR \
-        CK_WTLS_MASTER_KEY_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR;
+  CK_WTLS_MASTER_KEY_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_WTLS_PRF_PARAMS {
-    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE DigestMechanism;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR       pSeed;
-    CK_ULONG          ulSeedLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR       pLabel;
-    CK_ULONG          ulLabelLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR       pOutput;
-    CK_ULONG_PTR      pulOutputLen;
+  CK_MECHANISM_TYPE DigestMechanism;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR       pSeed;
+  CK_ULONG          ulSeedLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR       pLabel;
+  CK_ULONG          ulLabelLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR       pOutput;
+  CK_ULONG_PTR      pulOutputLen;
 } CK_WTLS_PRF_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_WTLS_PRF_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_WTLS_PRF_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_WTLS_KEY_MAT_OUT {
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hMacSecret;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hKey;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR      pIV;
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hMacSecret;
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hKey;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR      pIV;
 } CK_WTLS_KEY_MAT_OUT;
 
 typedef CK_WTLS_KEY_MAT_OUT CK_PTR CK_WTLS_KEY_MAT_OUT_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_WTLS_KEY_MAT_PARAMS {
-    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE       DigestMechanism;
-    CK_ULONG                ulMacSizeInBits;
-    CK_ULONG                ulKeySizeInBits;
-    CK_ULONG                ulIVSizeInBits;
-    CK_ULONG                ulSequenceNumber;
-    CK_BBOOL                bIsExport;
-    CK_WTLS_RANDOM_DATA     RandomInfo;
-    CK_WTLS_KEY_MAT_OUT_PTR pReturnedKeyMaterial;
+  CK_MECHANISM_TYPE       DigestMechanism;
+  CK_ULONG                ulMacSizeInBits;
+  CK_ULONG                ulKeySizeInBits;
+  CK_ULONG                ulIVSizeInBits;
+  CK_ULONG                ulSequenceNumber;
+  CK_BBOOL                bIsExport;
+  CK_WTLS_RANDOM_DATA     RandomInfo;
+  CK_WTLS_KEY_MAT_OUT_PTR pReturnedKeyMaterial;
 } CK_WTLS_KEY_MAT_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_WTLS_KEY_MAT_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_WTLS_KEY_MAT_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_CMS_SIG_PARAMS {
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE certificateHandle;
-    CK_MECHANISM_PTR pSigningMechanism;
-    CK_MECHANISM_PTR pDigestMechanism;
-    CK_UTF8CHAR_PTR  pContentType;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR      pRequestedAttributes;
-    CK_ULONG         ulRequestedAttributesLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR      pRequiredAttributes;
-    CK_ULONG         ulRequiredAttributesLen;
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE      certificateHandle;
+  CK_MECHANISM_PTR      pSigningMechanism;
+  CK_MECHANISM_PTR      pDigestMechanism;
+  CK_UTF8CHAR_PTR       pContentType;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR           pRequestedAttributes;
+  CK_ULONG              ulRequestedAttributesLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR           pRequiredAttributes;
+  CK_ULONG              ulRequiredAttributesLen;
 } CK_CMS_SIG_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_CMS_SIG_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_CMS_SIG_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_KEY_DERIVATION_STRING_DATA {
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pData;
-    CK_ULONG    ulLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pData;
+  CK_ULONG    ulLen;
 } CK_KEY_DERIVATION_STRING_DATA;
 
 typedef CK_KEY_DERIVATION_STRING_DATA CK_PTR \
-        CK_KEY_DERIVATION_STRING_DATA_PTR;
+  CK_KEY_DERIVATION_STRING_DATA_PTR;
 
 
 /* The CK_EXTRACT_PARAMS is used for the
@@ -1943,7 +2055,7 @@ typedef CK_EXTRACT_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_EXTRACT_PARAMS_PTR;
 typedef CK_ULONG CK_PKCS5_PBKD2_PSEUDO_RANDOM_FUNCTION_TYPE;
 
 typedef CK_PKCS5_PBKD2_PSEUDO_RANDOM_FUNCTION_TYPE CK_PTR \
-        CK_PKCS5_PBKD2_PSEUDO_RANDOM_FUNCTION_TYPE_PTR;
+                        CK_PKCS5_PBKD2_PSEUDO_RANDOM_FUNCTION_TYPE_PTR;
 
 #define CKP_PKCS5_PBKD2_HMAC_SHA1          0x00000001UL
 #define CKP_PKCS5_PBKD2_HMAC_GOSTR3411     0x00000002UL
@@ -1961,7 +2073,7 @@ typedef CK_PKCS5_PBKD2_PSEUDO_RANDOM_FUNCTION_TYPE CK_PTR \
 typedef CK_ULONG CK_PKCS5_PBKDF2_SALT_SOURCE_TYPE;
 
 typedef CK_PKCS5_PBKDF2_SALT_SOURCE_TYPE CK_PTR \
-        CK_PKCS5_PBKDF2_SALT_SOURCE_TYPE_PTR;
+                        CK_PKCS5_PBKDF2_SALT_SOURCE_TYPE_PTR;
 
 /* The following salt value sources are defined in PKCS #5 v2.0. */
 #define CKZ_SALT_SPECIFIED        0x00000001UL
@@ -1970,15 +2082,15 @@ typedef CK_PKCS5_PBKDF2_SALT_SOURCE_TYPE CK_PTR \
  * parameters to the CKM_PKCS5_PBKD2 mechanism.
  */
 typedef struct CK_PKCS5_PBKD2_PARAMS {
-    CK_PKCS5_PBKDF2_SALT_SOURCE_TYPE           saltSource;
-    CK_VOID_PTR                                pSaltSourceData;
-    CK_ULONG                                   ulSaltSourceDataLen;
-    CK_ULONG                                   iterations;
-    CK_PKCS5_PBKD2_PSEUDO_RANDOM_FUNCTION_TYPE prf;
-    CK_VOID_PTR                                pPrfData;
-    CK_ULONG                                   ulPrfDataLen;
-    CK_UTF8CHAR_PTR                            pPassword;
-    CK_ULONG_PTR                               ulPasswordLen;
+        CK_PKCS5_PBKDF2_SALT_SOURCE_TYPE           saltSource;
+        CK_VOID_PTR                                pSaltSourceData;
+        CK_ULONG                                   ulSaltSourceDataLen;
+        CK_ULONG                                   iterations;
+        CK_PKCS5_PBKD2_PSEUDO_RANDOM_FUNCTION_TYPE prf;
+        CK_VOID_PTR                                pPrfData;
+        CK_ULONG                                   ulPrfDataLen;
+        CK_UTF8CHAR_PTR                            pPassword;
+        CK_ULONG_PTR                               ulPasswordLen;
 } CK_PKCS5_PBKD2_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_PKCS5_PBKD2_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_PKCS5_PBKD2_PARAMS_PTR;
@@ -1988,15 +2100,15 @@ typedef CK_PKCS5_PBKD2_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_PKCS5_PBKD2_PARAMS_PTR;
  * noting that the ulPasswordLen field is a CK_ULONG and not a CK_ULONG_PTR.
  */
 typedef struct CK_PKCS5_PBKD2_PARAMS2 {
-    CK_PKCS5_PBKDF2_SALT_SOURCE_TYPE           saltSource;
-    CK_VOID_PTR                                pSaltSourceData;
-    CK_ULONG                                   ulSaltSourceDataLen;
-    CK_ULONG                                   iterations;
-    CK_PKCS5_PBKD2_PSEUDO_RANDOM_FUNCTION_TYPE prf;
-    CK_VOID_PTR                                pPrfData;
-    CK_ULONG                                   ulPrfDataLen;
-    CK_UTF8CHAR_PTR                            pPassword;
-    CK_ULONG                                   ulPasswordLen;
+        CK_PKCS5_PBKDF2_SALT_SOURCE_TYPE saltSource;
+        CK_VOID_PTR pSaltSourceData;
+        CK_ULONG ulSaltSourceDataLen;
+        CK_ULONG iterations;
+        CK_PKCS5_PBKD2_PSEUDO_RANDOM_FUNCTION_TYPE prf;
+        CK_VOID_PTR pPrfData;
+        CK_ULONG ulPrfDataLen;
+        CK_UTF8CHAR_PTR pPassword;
+        CK_ULONG ulPasswordLen;
 } CK_PKCS5_PBKD2_PARAMS2;
 
 typedef CK_PKCS5_PBKD2_PARAMS2 CK_PTR CK_PKCS5_PBKD2_PARAMS2_PTR;
@@ -2006,22 +2118,22 @@ typedef CK_OTP_PARAM_TYPE CK_PARAM_TYPE; /* backward compatibility */
 
 typedef struct CK_OTP_PARAM {
     CK_OTP_PARAM_TYPE type;
-    CK_VOID_PTR       pValue;
-    CK_ULONG          ulValueLen;
+    CK_VOID_PTR pValue;
+    CK_ULONG ulValueLen;
 } CK_OTP_PARAM;
 
 typedef CK_OTP_PARAM CK_PTR CK_OTP_PARAM_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_OTP_PARAMS {
     CK_OTP_PARAM_PTR pParams;
-    CK_ULONG         ulCount;
+    CK_ULONG ulCount;
 } CK_OTP_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_OTP_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_OTP_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_OTP_SIGNATURE_INFO {
     CK_OTP_PARAM_PTR pParams;
-    CK_ULONG         ulCount;
+    CK_ULONG ulCount;
 } CK_OTP_SIGNATURE_INFO;
 
 typedef CK_OTP_SIGNATURE_INFO CK_PTR CK_OTP_SIGNATURE_INFO_PTR;
@@ -2043,28 +2155,28 @@ typedef CK_OTP_SIGNATURE_INFO CK_PTR CK_OTP_SIGNATURE_INFO_PTR;
 #define CKF_USER_FRIENDLY_OTP 0x00000020UL
 
 typedef struct CK_KIP_PARAMS {
-    CK_MECHANISM_PTR pMechanism;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hKey;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR      pSeed;
-    CK_ULONG         ulSeedLen;
+    CK_MECHANISM_PTR  pMechanism;
+    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE  hKey;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR       pSeed;
+    CK_ULONG          ulSeedLen;
 } CK_KIP_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_KIP_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_KIP_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_AES_CTR_PARAMS {
     CK_ULONG ulCounterBits;
-    CK_BYTE  cb[16];
+    CK_BYTE cb[16];
 } CK_AES_CTR_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_AES_CTR_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_AES_CTR_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_GCM_PARAMS {
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pIv;
-    CK_ULONG    ulIvLen;
-    CK_ULONG    ulIvBits;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pAAD;
-    CK_ULONG    ulAADLen;
-    CK_ULONG    ulTagBits;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR       pIv;
+    CK_ULONG          ulIvLen;
+    CK_ULONG          ulIvBits;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR       pAAD;
+    CK_ULONG          ulAADLen;
+    CK_ULONG          ulTagBits;
 } CK_GCM_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_GCM_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_GCM_PARAMS_PTR;
@@ -2077,102 +2189,127 @@ typedef CK_ULONG CK_GENERATOR_FUNCTION;
 #define CKG_GENERATE_COUNTER_XOR 0x00000004UL
 
 typedef struct CK_GCM_MESSAGE_PARAMS {
-    CK_BYTE_PTR           pIv;
-    CK_ULONG              ulIvLen;
-    CK_ULONG              ulIvFixedBits;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR       pIv;
+    CK_ULONG          ulIvLen;
+    CK_ULONG          ulIvFixedBits;
     CK_GENERATOR_FUNCTION ivGenerator;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR           pTag;
-    CK_ULONG              ulTagBits;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR       pTag;
+    CK_ULONG          ulTagBits;
 } CK_GCM_MESSAGE_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_GCM_MESSAGE_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_GCM_MESSAGE_PARAMS_PTR;
 
+typedef struct CK_GCM_WRAP_PARAMS {
+  CK_BYTE_PTR     pIv;
+  CK_ULONG        ulIvLen;
+  CK_ULONG        ulIvFixedBits;
+  CK_GENERATOR_FUNCTION   ivGenerator;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR     pAAD;
+  CK_ULONG        ulAADLen;
+  CK_ULONG        ulTagBits;
+} CK_GCM_WRAP_PARAMS;
+
+typedef CK_GCM_WRAP_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_GCM_WRAP_PARAMS_PTR;
+
 typedef struct CK_CCM_PARAMS {
-    CK_ULONG    ulDataLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pNonce;
-    CK_ULONG    ulNonceLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pAAD;
-    CK_ULONG    ulAADLen;
-    CK_ULONG    ulMACLen;
+    CK_ULONG          ulDataLen;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR       pNonce;
+    CK_ULONG          ulNonceLen;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR       pAAD;
+    CK_ULONG          ulAADLen;
+    CK_ULONG          ulMACLen;
 } CK_CCM_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_CCM_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_CCM_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_CCM_MESSAGE_PARAMS {
-    CK_ULONG              ulDataLen; /*plaintext or ciphertext*/
-    CK_BYTE_PTR           pNonce;
-    CK_ULONG              ulNonceLen;
-    CK_ULONG              ulNonceFixedBits;
+    CK_ULONG          ulDataLen; /*plaintext or ciphertext*/
+    CK_BYTE_PTR       pNonce;
+    CK_ULONG          ulNonceLen;
+    CK_ULONG          ulNonceFixedBits;
     CK_GENERATOR_FUNCTION nonceGenerator;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR           pMAC;
-    CK_ULONG              ulMACLen;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR       pMAC;
+    CK_ULONG          ulMACLen;
 } CK_CCM_MESSAGE_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_CCM_MESSAGE_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_CCM_MESSAGE_PARAMS_PTR;
 
+typedef struct CK_CCM_WRAP_PARAMS {
+        CK_ULONG        ulDataLen; /*wrappedkey data*/
+        CK_BYTE_PTR     pNonce;
+        CK_ULONG        ulNonceLen;
+        CK_ULONG        ulNonceFixedBits;
+        CK_GENERATOR_FUNCTION   nonceGenerator;
+        CK_BYTE_PTR     pAAD;
+        CK_ULONG        ulAADLen;
+        CK_ULONG        ulMACLen;
+}       CK_CCM_WRAP_PARAMS;
+
+typedef CK_CCM_WRAP_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_CCM_WRAP_PARAMS_PTR;
+
 /* Deprecated. Use CK_GCM_PARAMS */
 typedef struct CK_AES_GCM_PARAMS {
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pIv;
-    CK_ULONG    ulIvLen;
-    CK_ULONG    ulIvBits;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pAAD;
-    CK_ULONG    ulAADLen;
-    CK_ULONG    ulTagBits;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pIv;
+  CK_ULONG ulIvLen;
+  CK_ULONG ulIvBits;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pAAD;
+  CK_ULONG ulAADLen;
+  CK_ULONG ulTagBits;
 } CK_AES_GCM_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_AES_GCM_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_AES_GCM_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 /* Deprecated. Use CK_CCM_PARAMS */
 typedef struct CK_AES_CCM_PARAMS {
-    CK_ULONG    ulDataLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pNonce;
-    CK_ULONG    ulNonceLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pAAD;
-    CK_ULONG    ulAADLen;
-    CK_ULONG    ulMACLen;
+    CK_ULONG          ulDataLen;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR       pNonce;
+    CK_ULONG          ulNonceLen;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR       pAAD;
+    CK_ULONG          ulAADLen;
+    CK_ULONG          ulMACLen;
 } CK_AES_CCM_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_AES_CCM_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_AES_CCM_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_CAMELLIA_CTR_PARAMS {
-    CK_ULONG ulCounterBits;
-    CK_BYTE  cb[16];
+    CK_ULONG          ulCounterBits;
+    CK_BYTE           cb[16];
 } CK_CAMELLIA_CTR_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_CAMELLIA_CTR_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_CAMELLIA_CTR_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_CAMELLIA_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS {
-    CK_BYTE     iv[16];
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pData;
-    CK_ULONG    length;
+    CK_BYTE           iv[16];
+    CK_BYTE_PTR       pData;
+    CK_ULONG          length;
 } CK_CAMELLIA_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_CAMELLIA_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS CK_PTR \
-        CK_CAMELLIA_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS_PTR;
+                                CK_CAMELLIA_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_ARIA_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS {
-    CK_BYTE     iv[16];
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pData;
-    CK_ULONG    length;
+    CK_BYTE           iv[16];
+    CK_BYTE_PTR       pData;
+    CK_ULONG          length;
 } CK_ARIA_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_ARIA_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS CK_PTR \
-        CK_ARIA_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS_PTR;
+                                CK_ARIA_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_DSA_PARAMETER_GEN_PARAM {
-    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE hash;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR       pSeed;
-    CK_ULONG          ulSeedLen;
-    CK_ULONG          ulIndex;
+    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE  hash;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR        pSeed;
+    CK_ULONG           ulSeedLen;
+    CK_ULONG           ulIndex;
 } CK_DSA_PARAMETER_GEN_PARAM;
 
 typedef CK_DSA_PARAMETER_GEN_PARAM CK_PTR CK_DSA_PARAMETER_GEN_PARAM_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_ECDH_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS {
-    CK_ULONG       ulAESKeyBits;
-    CK_EC_KDF_TYPE kdf;
-    CK_ULONG       ulSharedDataLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR    pSharedData;
+    CK_ULONG           ulAESKeyBits;
+    CK_EC_KDF_TYPE     kdf;
+    CK_ULONG           ulSharedDataLen;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR        pSharedData;
 } CK_ECDH_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_ECDH_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_ECDH_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS_PTR;
@@ -2182,80 +2319,90 @@ typedef CK_ULONG CK_JAVA_MIDP_SECURITY_DOMAIN;
 typedef CK_ULONG CK_CERTIFICATE_CATEGORY;
 
 typedef struct CK_RSA_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS {
-    CK_ULONG                    ulAESKeyBits;
-    CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_PARAMS_PTR pOAEPParams;
+    CK_ULONG                      ulAESKeyBits;
+    CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_PARAMS_PTR   pOAEPParams;
 } CK_RSA_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_RSA_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_RSA_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_TLS12_MASTER_KEY_DERIVE_PARAMS {
-    CK_SSL3_RANDOM_DATA RandomInfo;
-    CK_VERSION_PTR      pVersion;
-    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE   prfHashMechanism;
+    CK_SSL3_RANDOM_DATA       RandomInfo;
+    CK_VERSION_PTR            pVersion;
+    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE         prfHashMechanism;
 } CK_TLS12_MASTER_KEY_DERIVE_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_TLS12_MASTER_KEY_DERIVE_PARAMS CK_PTR \
-        CK_TLS12_MASTER_KEY_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR;
+                                CK_TLS12_MASTER_KEY_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_TLS12_KEY_MAT_PARAMS {
-    CK_ULONG                ulMacSizeInBits;
-    CK_ULONG                ulKeySizeInBits;
-    CK_ULONG                ulIVSizeInBits;
-    CK_BBOOL                bIsExport;
-    CK_SSL3_RANDOM_DATA     RandomInfo;
-    CK_SSL3_KEY_MAT_OUT_PTR pReturnedKeyMaterial;
-    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE       prfHashMechanism;
+    CK_ULONG                  ulMacSizeInBits;
+    CK_ULONG                  ulKeySizeInBits;
+    CK_ULONG                  ulIVSizeInBits;
+    CK_BBOOL                  bIsExport;
+    CK_SSL3_RANDOM_DATA       RandomInfo;
+    CK_SSL3_KEY_MAT_OUT_PTR   pReturnedKeyMaterial;
+    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE         prfHashMechanism;
 } CK_TLS12_KEY_MAT_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_TLS12_KEY_MAT_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_TLS12_KEY_MAT_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_TLS_KDF_PARAMS {
-    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE   prfMechanism;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR         pLabel;
-    CK_ULONG            ulLabelLength;
-    CK_SSL3_RANDOM_DATA RandomInfo;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR         pContextData;
-    CK_ULONG            ulContextDataLength;
+    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE         prfMechanism;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR               pLabel;
+    CK_ULONG                  ulLabelLength;
+    CK_SSL3_RANDOM_DATA       RandomInfo;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR               pContextData;
+    CK_ULONG                  ulContextDataLength;
 } CK_TLS_KDF_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_TLS_KDF_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_TLS_KDF_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_TLS_MAC_PARAMS {
-    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE prfHashMechanism;
-    CK_ULONG          ulMacLength;
-    CK_ULONG          ulServerOrClient;
+    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE         prfHashMechanism;
+    CK_ULONG                  ulMacLength;
+    CK_ULONG                  ulServerOrClient;
 } CK_TLS_MAC_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_TLS_MAC_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_TLS_MAC_PARAMS_PTR;
 
+typedef struct CK_TLS12_EXTENDED_MASTER_KEY_DERIVE_PARAMS {
+  CK_MECHANISM_TYPE prfHashMechanism;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pSessionHash;
+  CK_ULONG ulSessionHashLen;
+  CK_VERSION_PTR pVersion;
+} CK_TLS12_EXTENDED_MASTER_KEY_DERIVE_PARAMS;
+
+typedef CK_TLS12_EXTENDED_MASTER_KEY_DERIVE_PARAMS CK_PTR
+        CK_TLS12_EXTENDED_MASTER_KEY_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR;
+
 typedef struct CK_GOSTR3410_DERIVE_PARAMS {
-    CK_EC_KDF_TYPE kdf;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR    pPublicData;
-    CK_ULONG       ulPublicDataLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR    pUKM;
-    CK_ULONG       ulUKMLen;
+    CK_EC_KDF_TYPE            kdf;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR               pPublicData;
+    CK_ULONG                  ulPublicDataLen;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR               pUKM;
+    CK_ULONG                  ulUKMLen;
 } CK_GOSTR3410_DERIVE_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_GOSTR3410_DERIVE_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_GOSTR3410_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_GOSTR3410_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS {
-    CK_BYTE_PTR      pWrapOID;
-    CK_ULONG         ulWrapOIDLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR      pUKM;
-    CK_ULONG         ulUKMLen;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hKey;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR               pWrapOID;
+    CK_ULONG                  ulWrapOIDLen;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR               pUKM;
+    CK_ULONG                  ulUKMLen;
+    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE          hKey;
 } CK_GOSTR3410_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_GOSTR3410_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_GOSTR3410_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_SEED_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS {
-    CK_BYTE     iv[16];
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pData;
-    CK_ULONG    length;
+    CK_BYTE                   iv[16];
+    CK_BYTE_PTR               pData;
+    CK_ULONG                  length;
 } CK_SEED_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_SEED_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS CK_PTR \
-        CK_SEED_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS_PTR;
+                                        CK_SEED_CBC_ENCRYPT_DATA_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 /*
  * New PKCS 11 v3.0 data structures.
@@ -2272,12 +2419,13 @@ typedef CK_MECHANISM_TYPE CK_SP800_108_PRF_TYPE;
 #define CK_SP800_108_DKM_LENGTH         0x00000003UL
 #define CK_SP800_108_BYTE_ARRAY         0x00000004UL
 #define CK_SP800_108_COUNTER            CK_SP800_108_OPTIONAL_COUNTER
+#define CK_SP800_108_KEY_HANDLE         0x00000005UL
 
 typedef struct CK_PRF_DATA_PARAM
 {
-    CK_PRF_DATA_TYPE type;
-    CK_VOID_PTR      pValue;
-    CK_ULONG         ulValueLen;
+   CK_PRF_DATA_TYPE    type;
+   CK_VOID_PTR         pValue;
+   CK_ULONG            ulValueLen;
 } CK_PRF_DATA_PARAM;
 
 typedef CK_PRF_DATA_PARAM CK_PTR CK_PRF_DATA_PARAM_PTR;
@@ -2285,8 +2433,8 @@ typedef CK_PRF_DATA_PARAM CK_PTR CK_PRF_DATA_PARAM_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_SP800_108_COUNTER_FORMAT
 {
-    CK_BBOOL bLittleEndian;
-    CK_ULONG ulWidthInBits;
+   CK_BBOOL           bLittleEndian;
+   CK_ULONG     ulWidthInBits;
 } CK_SP800_108_COUNTER_FORMAT;
 
 typedef CK_SP800_108_COUNTER_FORMAT CK_PTR CK_SP800_108_COUNTER_FORMAT_PTR;
@@ -2297,52 +2445,52 @@ typedef CK_ULONG CK_SP800_108_DKM_LENGTH_METHOD;
 
 typedef struct CK_SP800_108_DKM_LENGTH_FORMAT
 {
-    CK_SP800_108_DKM_LENGTH_METHOD dkmLengthMethod;
-    CK_BBOOL                       bLittleEndian;
-    CK_ULONG                       ulWidthInBits;
+   CK_SP800_108_DKM_LENGTH_METHOD  dkmLengthMethod;
+   CK_BBOOL                        bLittleEndian;
+   CK_ULONG                  ulWidthInBits;
 } CK_SP800_108_DKM_LENGTH_FORMAT;
 
 typedef CK_SP800_108_DKM_LENGTH_FORMAT \
-        CK_PTR CK_SP800_108_DKM_LENGTH_FORMAT_PTR;
+                                CK_PTR CK_SP800_108_DKM_LENGTH_FORMAT_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_DERIVED_KEY
 {
-    CK_ATTRIBUTE_PTR     pTemplate;
-    CK_ULONG             ulAttributeCount;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE_PTR phKey;
+   CK_ATTRIBUTE_PTR     pTemplate;
+   CK_ULONG             ulAttributeCount;
+   CK_OBJECT_HANDLE_PTR phKey;
 } CK_DERIVED_KEY;
 
 typedef CK_DERIVED_KEY CK_PTR CK_DERIVED_KEY_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_SP800_108_KDF_PARAMS
 {
-    CK_SP800_108_PRF_TYPE prfType;
-    CK_ULONG              ulNumberOfDataParams;
-    CK_PRF_DATA_PARAM_PTR pDataParams;
-    CK_ULONG              ulAdditionalDerivedKeys;
-    CK_DERIVED_KEY_PTR    pAdditionalDerivedKeys;
+   CK_SP800_108_PRF_TYPE prfType;
+   CK_ULONG               ulNumberOfDataParams;
+   CK_PRF_DATA_PARAM_PTR  pDataParams;
+   CK_ULONG             ulAdditionalDerivedKeys;
+   CK_DERIVED_KEY_PTR   pAdditionalDerivedKeys;
 } CK_SP800_108_KDF_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_SP800_108_KDF_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_SP800_108_KDF_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_SP800_108_FEEDBACK_KDF_PARAMS
 {
-    CK_SP800_108_PRF_TYPE prfType;
-    CK_ULONG              ulNumberOfDataParams;
-    CK_PRF_DATA_PARAM_PTR pDataParams;
-    CK_ULONG              ulIVLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR           pIV;
-    CK_ULONG              ulAdditionalDerivedKeys;
-    CK_DERIVED_KEY_PTR    pAdditionalDerivedKeys;
+   CK_SP800_108_PRF_TYPE prfType;
+   CK_ULONG               ulNumberOfDataParams;
+   CK_PRF_DATA_PARAM_PTR  pDataParams;
+   CK_ULONG               ulIVLen;
+   CK_BYTE_PTR            pIV;
+   CK_ULONG             ulAdditionalDerivedKeys;
+   CK_DERIVED_KEY_PTR   pAdditionalDerivedKeys;
 } CK_SP800_108_FEEDBACK_KDF_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_SP800_108_FEEDBACK_KDF_PARAMS \
-        CK_PTR CK_SP800_108_FEEDBACK_KDF_PARAMS_PTR;
+                               CK_PTR CK_SP800_108_FEEDBACK_KDF_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 /* EDDSA */
 typedef struct CK_EDDSA_PARAMS {
-    CK_BBOOL    phFlag;
-    CK_ULONG    ulContextDataLen;
+    CK_BBOOL phFlag;
+    CK_ULONG ulContextDataLen;
     CK_BYTE_PTR pContextData;
 } CK_EDDSA_PARAMS;
 
@@ -2366,23 +2514,23 @@ typedef struct CK_SALSA20_PARAMS {
 typedef CK_SALSA20_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_SALSA20_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_SALSA20_CHACHA20_POLY1305_PARAMS {
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pNonce;
-    CK_ULONG    ulNonceLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pAAD;
-    CK_ULONG    ulAADLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR   pNonce;
+  CK_ULONG  ulNonceLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pAAD;
+  CK_ULONG ulAADLen;
 } CK_SALSA20_CHACHA20_POLY1305_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_SALSA20_CHACHA20_POLY1305_PARAMS \
-        CK_PTR CK_SALSA20_CHACHA20_POLY1305_PARAMS_PTR;
+                                CK_PTR CK_SALSA20_CHACHA20_POLY1305_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_SALSA20_CHACHA20_POLY1305_MSG_PARAMS {
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pNonce;
-    CK_ULONG    ulNonceLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR pTag;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR   pNonce;
+  CK_ULONG  ulNonceLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pTag;
 } CK_SALSA20_CHACHA20_POLY1305_MSG_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_SALSA20_CHACHA20_POLY1305_MSG_PARAMS \
-        CK_PTR CK_SALSA20_CHACHA20_POLY1305_MSG_PARAMS_PTR;
+            CK_PTR CK_SALSA20_CHACHA20_POLY1305_MSG_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef CK_ULONG CK_X3DH_KDF_TYPE;
 typedef CK_X3DH_KDF_TYPE CK_PTR CK_X3DH_KDF_TYPE_PTR;
@@ -2392,50 +2540,50 @@ typedef struct CK_X3DH_INITIATE_PARAMS {
     CK_X3DH_KDF_TYPE kdf;
     CK_OBJECT_HANDLE pPeer_identity;
     CK_OBJECT_HANDLE pPeer_prekey;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR      pPrekey_signature;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR      pOnetime_key;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR pPrekey_signature;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR pOnetime_key;
     CK_OBJECT_HANDLE pOwn_identity;
     CK_OBJECT_HANDLE pOwn_ephemeral;
 } CK_X3DH_INITIATE_PARAMS;
 
 typedef struct CK_X3DH_RESPOND_PARAMS {
     CK_X3DH_KDF_TYPE kdf;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR      pIdentity_id;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR      pPrekey_id;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR      pOnetime_id;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR pIdentity_id;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR pPrekey_id;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR pOnetime_id;
     CK_OBJECT_HANDLE pInitiator_identity;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR      pInitiator_ephemeral;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR pInitiator_ephemeral;
 } CK_X3DH_RESPOND_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_ULONG CK_X2RATCHET_KDF_TYPE;
 typedef CK_X2RATCHET_KDF_TYPE CK_PTR CK_X2RATCHET_KDF_TYPE_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_X2RATCHET_INITIALIZE_PARAMS {
-    CK_BYTE_PTR           sk;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE      peer_public_prekey;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE      peer_public_identity;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE      own_public_identity;
-    CK_BBOOL              bEncryptedHeader;
-    CK_ULONG              eCurve;
-    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE     aeadMechanism;
-    CK_X2RATCHET_KDF_TYPE kdfMechanism;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR         sk;
+    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE    peer_public_prekey;
+    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE    peer_public_identity;
+    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE    own_public_identity;
+    CK_BBOOL        bEncryptedHeader;
+    CK_ULONG        eCurve;
+    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE   aeadMechanism;
+    CK_X2RATCHET_KDF_TYPE   kdfMechanism;
 } CK_X2RATCHET_INITIALIZE_PARAMS;
 
 typedef CK_X2RATCHET_INITIALIZE_PARAMS \
-        CK_PTR CK_X2RATCHET_INITIALIZE_PARAMS_PTR;
+                              CK_PTR CK_X2RATCHET_INITIALIZE_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_X2RATCHET_RESPOND_PARAMS {
-    CK_BYTE_PTR           sk;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE      own_prekey;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE      initiator_identity;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE      own_public_identity;
-    CK_BBOOL              bEncryptedHeader;
-    CK_ULONG              eCurve;
-    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE     aeadMechanism;
-    CK_X2RATCHET_KDF_TYPE kdfMechanism;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR             sk;
+    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE        own_prekey;
+    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE        initiator_identity;
+    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE        own_public_identity;
+    CK_BBOOL            bEncryptedHeader;
+    CK_ULONG            eCurve;
+    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE       aeadMechanism;
+    CK_X2RATCHET_KDF_TYPE   kdfMechanism;
 } CK_X2RATCHET_RESPOND_PARAMS;
 typedef CK_X2RATCHET_RESPOND_PARAMS \
-        CK_PTR CK_X2RATCHET_RESPOND_PARAMS_PTR;
+                CK_PTR CK_X2RATCHET_RESPOND_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef CK_ULONG CK_XEDDSA_HASH_TYPE;
 typedef CK_XEDDSA_HASH_TYPE CK_PTR CK_XEDDSA_HASH_TYPE_PTR;
@@ -2448,15 +2596,15 @@ typedef CK_XEDDSA_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_XEDDSA_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 /* HKDF params */
 typedef struct CK_HKDF_PARAMS {
-    CK_BBOOL          bExtract;
-    CK_BBOOL          bExpand;
-    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE prfHashMechanism;
-    CK_ULONG          ulSaltType;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR       pSalt;
-    CK_ULONG          ulSaltLen;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE  hSaltKey;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR       pInfo;
-    CK_ULONG          ulInfoLen;
+   CK_BBOOL bExtract;
+   CK_BBOOL bExpand;
+   CK_MECHANISM_TYPE prfHashMechanism;
+   CK_ULONG ulSaltType;
+   CK_BYTE_PTR pSalt;
+   CK_ULONG ulSaltLen;
+   CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hSaltKey;
+   CK_BYTE_PTR pInfo;
+   CK_ULONG ulInfoLen;
 } CK_HKDF_PARAMS;
 typedef CK_HKDF_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_HKDF_PARAMS_PTR;
 
@@ -2470,54 +2618,142 @@ typedef CK_ULONG                   CK_LMS_TYPE;
 typedef CK_ULONG                   CK_LMOTS_TYPE;
 
 typedef struct specifiedParams {
-    CK_HSS_LEVELS levels;
-    CK_LMS_TYPE   lm_type[8];
-    CK_LMOTS_TYPE lm_ots_type[8];
+  CK_HSS_LEVELS levels;
+  CK_LMS_TYPE lm_type[8];
+  CK_LMOTS_TYPE lm_ots_type[8];
 } specifiedParams;
 
 /* IKE Params */
 typedef struct CK_IKE2_PRF_PLUS_DERIVE_PARAMS {
-    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE prfMechanism;
-    CK_BBOOL          bHasSeedKey;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE  hSeedKey;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR       pSeedData;
-    CK_ULONG          ulSeedDataLen;
+  CK_MECHANISM_TYPE prfMechanism;
+  CK_BBOOL      bHasSeedKey;
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hSeedKey;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pSeedData;
+  CK_ULONG    ulSeedDataLen;
 } CK_IKE2_PRF_PLUS_DERIVE_PARAMS;
 typedef CK_IKE2_PRF_PLUS_DERIVE_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_IKE2_PRF_PLUS_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_IKE_PRF_DERIVE_PARAMS {
-    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE prfMechanism;
-    CK_BBOOL          bDataAsKey;
-    CK_BBOOL          bRekey;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR       pNi;
-    CK_ULONG          ulNiLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR       pNr;
-    CK_ULONG          ulNrLen;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE  hNewKey;
+  CK_MECHANISM_TYPE prfMechanism;
+  CK_BBOOL bDataAsKey;
+  CK_BBOOL bRekey;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pNi;
+  CK_ULONG    ulNiLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pNr;
+  CK_ULONG    ulNrLen;
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hNewKey;
 } CK_IKE_PRF_DERIVE_PARAMS;
 typedef CK_IKE_PRF_DERIVE_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_IKE_PRF_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_IKE1_PRF_DERIVE_PARAMS {
-    CK_MECHANISM_TYPE prfMechanism;
-    CK_BBOOL          bHasPrevKey;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE  hKeygxy;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE  hPrevKey;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR       pCKYi;
-    CK_ULONG          ulCKYiLen;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR       pCKYr;
-    CK_ULONG          ulCKYrLen;
-    CK_BYTE           keyNumber;
+  CK_MECHANISM_TYPE prfMechanism;
+  CK_BBOOL bHasPrevKey;
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hKeygxy;
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hPrevKey;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pCKYi;
+  CK_ULONG    ulCKYiLen;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pCKYr;
+  CK_ULONG    ulCKYrLen;
+  CK_BYTE     keyNumber;
 } CK_IKE1_PRF_DERIVE_PARAMS;
 typedef CK_IKE1_PRF_DERIVE_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_IKE1_PRF_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR;
 
 typedef struct CK_IKE1_EXTENDED_DERIVE_PARAMS {
     CK_MECHANISM_TYPE prfMechanism;
-    CK_BBOOL          bHasKeygxy;
-    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE  hKeygxy;
-    CK_BYTE_PTR       pExtraData;
-    CK_ULONG          ulExtraDataLen;
+    CK_BBOOL bHasKeygxy;
+    CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hKeygxy;
+    CK_BYTE_PTR pExtraData;
+    CK_ULONG ulExtraDataLen;
 } CK_IKE1_EXTENDED_DERIVE_PARAMS;
 typedef CK_IKE1_EXTENDED_DERIVE_PARAMS CK_PTR CK_IKE1_EXTENDED_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR;
 
+/* async */
+typedef struct CK_ASYNC_DATA {
+  CK_ULONG ulVersion;
+  CK_BYTE_PTR pValue;
+  CK_ULONG ulValue;
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hObject;
+  CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hAdditionalObject;
+} CK_ASYNC_DATA;
+typedef CK_ASYNC_DATA CK_PTR CK_ASYNC_DATA_PTR;
+
+/* validation */
+typedef CK_ULONG CK_SESSION_VALIDATION_FLAGS_TYPE;
+#define CKS_LAST_VALIDATION_OK 0x00000001UL
+
+typedef CK_ULONG CK_VALIDATION_TYPE;
+typedef CK_VALIDATION_TYPE CK_PTR CK_VALIDATION_TYPE_PTR;
+#define CKV_AUTHORITY_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED     0x00000000UL
+#define CKV_AUTHORITY_TYPE_NIST_CMVP       0x00000001UL
+#define CKV_AUTHORITY_TYPE_COMMON_CRITERIA 0x00000002UL
+
+typedef CK_ULONG CK_VALIDATION_AUTHORITY_TYPE;
+typedef CK_VALIDATION_AUTHORITY_TYPE CK_PTR CK_VALIDATION_AUTHORITY_TYPE_PTR;
+#define CKV_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED 0x00000000UL
+#define CKV_TYPE_SOFTWARE    0x00000001UL
+#define CKV_TYPE_HARDWARE    0x00000002UL
+#define CKV_TYPE_FIRMWARE    0x00000003UL
+#define CKV_TYPE_HYBRID      0x00000004UL
+
+/* XMSS */
+typedef CK_ULONG CK_XMSSMT_PARAMETER_SET_TYPE;
+typedef CK_ULONG CK_XMSS_PARAMETER_SET_TYPE;
+
+/* generic PQ mechanism parameters */
+typedef CK_ULONG CK_HEDGE_TYPE;
+#define CKH_HEDGE_PREFERRED        0x00000000UL
+#define CKH_HEDGE_REQUIRED         0x00000001UL
+#define CKH_DETERMINISTIC_REQUIRED 0x00000002UL
+
+typedef struct CK_SIGN_ADDITIONAL_CONTEXT {
+     CK_HEDGE_TYPE   hedgeVariant;
+     CK_BYTE_PTR     pContext;
+     CK_ULONG        ulContextLen;
+} CK_SIGN_ADDITIONAL_CONTEXT;
+
+typedef struct CK_HASH_SIGN_ADDITIONAL_CONTEXT {
+     CK_HEDGE_TYPE     hedgeVariant;
+     CK_BYTE_PTR       pContext;
+     CK_ULONG          ulContextLen;
+     CK_MECHANISM_TYPE hash;
+} CK_HASH_SIGN_ADDITIONAL_CONTEXT;
+
+
+/* ML-DSA values for CKA_PARAMETER_SETS */
+typedef CK_ULONG CK_ML_DSA_PARAMETER_SET_TYPE;
+#define CKP_ML_DSA_44          0x00000001UL
+#define CKP_ML_DSA_65          0x00000002UL
+#define CKP_ML_DSA_87          0x00000003UL
+
+/* SLH-DSA values for CKA_PARAMETER_SETS */
+typedef CK_ULONG CK_SLH_DSA_PARAMETER_SET_TYPE;
+#define CKP_SLH_DSA_SHA2_128S  0x00000001UL
+#define CKP_SLH_DSA_SHAKE_128S 0x00000002UL
+#define CKP_SLH_DSA_SHA2_128F  0x00000003UL
+#define CKP_SLH_DSA_SHAKE_128F 0x00000004UL
+#define CKP_SLH_DSA_SHA2_192S  0x00000005UL
+#define CKP_SLH_DSA_SHAKE_192S 0x00000006UL
+#define CKP_SLH_DSA_SHA2_192F  0x00000007UL
+#define CKP_SLH_DSA_SHAKE_192F 0x00000008UL
+#define CKP_SLH_DSA_SHA2_256S  0x00000009UL
+#define CKP_SLH_DSA_SHAKE_256S 0x0000000aUL
+#define CKP_SLH_DSA_SHA2_256F  0x0000000bUL
+#define CKP_SLH_DSA_SHAKE_256F 0x0000000cUL
+
+/* ML-KEM values for CKA_PARAMETER_SETS */
+typedef CK_ULONG CK_ML_KEM_PARAMETER_SET_TYPE;
+#define CKP_ML_KEM_512         0x00000001UL
+#define CKP_ML_KEM_768         0x00000002UL
+#define CKP_ML_KEM_1024        0x00000003UL
+
+/* Trust values for CKA_TRUST_* */
+typedef CK_ULONG CK_TRUST;
+#define CKT_TRUST_UNKNOWN           0x00000000UL
+#define CKT_TRUSTED                 0x00000001UL
+#define CKT_TRUST_ANCHOR            0x00000002UL
+#define CKT_NOT_TRUSTED             0x00000003UL
+#define CKT_TRUST_MUST_VERIFY_TRUST 0x00000004UL
+
+
 #endif /* _PKCS11T_H_ */
 

From ee05c994bc5135e2f591017a7473cdb0c2948313 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Mat Carter <macarte@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 28 Jul 2026 14:36:22 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 355/707] 8388158: Change CPU detection code beyond hardcoded
 CPU list

Reviewed-by: dholmes, fbredberg
---
 .../windows_aarch64/vm_version_windows_aarch64.cpp | 14 ++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/windows_aarch64/vm_version_windows_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/windows_aarch64/vm_version_windows_aarch64.cpp
index e485ae6b8c2..9d7257ba297 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/windows_aarch64/vm_version_windows_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/windows_aarch64/vm_version_windows_aarch64.cpp
@@ -145,6 +145,20 @@ void VM_Version::get_os_cpu_info() {
   }
 
   {
+    DWORD key_type = 0;
+    uint64_t value = 0;
+    DWORD value_size = sizeof(value);
+    // Read registry value "CP 4000" which maps to MIDR_EL1.
+    if ((RegGetValueA(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, "HARDWARE\\DESCRIPTION\\System\\CentralProcessor\\0", "CP 4000",
+                      RRF_RT_REG_QWORD, &key_type, &value, &value_size) == ERROR_SUCCESS) && (value_size == sizeof(value))) {
+      _cpu = value >> 24 & 0xFF;
+      _variant = value >> 20 & 0x0F;
+      _model = value >> 4 & 0x0FFF;
+      _revision = value & 0x0F;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (_cpu == 0) {
     char* buf = ::getenv("PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER");
     if (buf && strstr(buf, "Ampere(TM)") != nullptr) {
       _cpu = CPU_AMCC;

From c4f43a18188b1cae6930e798a4b601f42889055f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Hannes=20Walln=C3=B6fer?= <hannesw@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 28 Jul 2026 15:18:15 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 356/707] 8387471: Reduce size of web fonts included in API
 documentation

Reviewed-by: liach, ayang, nbenalla
---
 .../resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans-Bold.woff   | Bin 280908 -> 0 bytes
 .../resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans-Bold.woff2  | Bin 193392 -> 94088 bytes
 .../fonts/DejaVuLGCSans-BoldOblique.woff      | Bin 276608 -> 0 bytes
 .../fonts/DejaVuLGCSans-BoldOblique.woff2     | Bin 193548 -> 96604 bytes
 .../fonts/DejaVuLGCSans-Oblique.woff          | Bin 273920 -> 0 bytes
 .../fonts/DejaVuLGCSans-Oblique.woff2         | Bin 192368 -> 97740 bytes
 .../html/resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans.woff   | Bin 300804 -> 0 bytes
 .../html/resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans.woff2  | Bin 208088 -> 105700 bytes
 .../fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono-Bold.woff         | Bin 166156 -> 0 bytes
 .../fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono-Bold.woff2        | Bin 120496 -> 61744 bytes
 .../fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono-BoldOblique.woff  | Bin 131976 -> 0 bytes
 .../fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono-BoldOblique.woff2 | Bin 93508 -> 65748 bytes
 .../fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono-Oblique.woff      | Bin 131844 -> 0 bytes
 .../fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono-Oblique.woff2     | Bin 94024 -> 66120 bytes
 .../resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono.woff    | Bin 170212 -> 0 bytes
 .../resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono.woff2   | Bin 123560 -> 63668 bytes
 .../resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif-Bold.woff  | Bin 167488 -> 0 bytes
 .../resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif-Bold.woff2 | Bin 112512 -> 68156 bytes
 .../fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif-BoldItalic.woff      | Bin 165488 -> 0 bytes
 .../fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif-BoldItalic.woff2     | Bin 113032 -> 65464 bytes
 .../fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif-Italic.woff          | Bin 166552 -> 0 bytes
 .../fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif-Italic.woff2         | Bin 113988 -> 65352 bytes
 .../html/resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif.woff  | Bin 186428 -> 0 bytes
 .../html/resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif.woff2 | Bin 127416 -> 75668 bytes
 .../formats/html/resources/fonts/dejavu.css   |  38 ++++++------------
 .../javadoc/doclet/testFonts/TestFonts.java   |  15 +------
 .../jdk/javadoc/tool/api/basic/APITest.java   |  12 ------
 27 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 51 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans-Bold.woff
 delete mode 100644 src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans-BoldOblique.woff
 delete mode 100644 src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans-Oblique.woff
 delete mode 100644 src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans.woff
 delete mode 100644 src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono-Bold.woff
 delete mode 100644 src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono-BoldOblique.woff
 delete mode 100644 src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono-Oblique.woff
 delete mode 100644 src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono.woff
 delete mode 100644 src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif-Bold.woff
 delete mode 100644 src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif-BoldItalic.woff
 delete mode 100644 src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif-Italic.woff
 delete mode 100644 src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif.woff

diff --git a/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans-Bold.woff b/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans-Bold.woff
deleted file mode 100644
index 63a79c041a25d0ffba8461147156ff28b91809a0..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
GIT binary patch
literal 0
HcmV?d00001

literal 280908
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zls~#)KtQ~9kmYRb4))G2K%n=uKtPHHKtT0n-~;pu4o;>HKwu)#KR2ZZ2ne#w$FT6k
zBiq=(z`z73kfkMRCg^lB%w^4h6-fL90tN`kBb#hamO)q%31atoYIB3Lsr7^a7lU>=
zSEP_o&1S8x{(*2Q^`G>T{H}QU(5TRcZ8hNK?~wRXA_pzG=bagI683K()4r=VU8y>_
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index bbd32cdec41e0c64e5e0b667c63d86b6237b914a..6576521d5df993d552605e204e8df4832116afdf 100644
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z;_;PZ(`Ej&96yumH@ODuqGYHC(F~*a29?DvWL!CmRHHA8>w!p-R#jR(Z&h@(uZ}h1
J3~+#e{vTUXnbiOQ

diff --git a/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/fonts/dejavu.css b/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/fonts/dejavu.css
index b450caa32d7..178d5c71ae3 100644
--- a/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/fonts/dejavu.css
+++ b/src/jdk.javadoc/share/classes/jdk/javadoc/internal/doclets/formats/html/resources/fonts/dejavu.css
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * Licensed under the Universal Permissive License v 1.0 as shown at https://oss.oracle.com/licenses/upl/
@@ -9,96 +9,84 @@
 
 @font-face {
   font-family: 'DejaVu Sans Mono';
-  src: url('DejaVuLGCSansMono.woff2') format('woff2'),
-       url('DejaVuLGCSansMono.woff') format('woff');
+  src: url('DejaVuLGCSansMono.woff2') format('woff2');
   font-weight: normal;
   font-style: normal;
 }
 
 @font-face {
   font-family: 'DejaVu Sans Mono';
-  src: url('DejaVuLGCSansMono-Oblique.woff2') format('woff2'),
-       url('DejaVuLGCSansMono-Oblique.woff') format('woff');
+  src: url('DejaVuLGCSansMono-Oblique.woff2') format('woff2');
   font-weight: normal;
   font-style: italic;
 }
 
 @font-face {
   font-family: 'DejaVu Sans Mono';
-  src: url('DejaVuLGCSansMono-Bold.woff2') format('woff2'),
-       url('DejaVuLGCSansMono-Bold.woff') format('woff');
+  src: url('DejaVuLGCSansMono-Bold.woff2') format('woff2');
   font-weight: bold;
   font-style: normal;
 }
 
 @font-face {
   font-family: 'DejaVu Sans Mono';
-  src: url('DejaVuLGCSansMono-BoldOblique.woff2') format('woff2'),
-       url('DejaVuLGCSansMono-BoldOblique.woff') format('woff');
+  src: url('DejaVuLGCSansMono-BoldOblique.woff2') format('woff2');
   font-weight: bold;
   font-style: italic;
 }
 
 @font-face {
   font-family: 'DejaVu Sans';
-  src: url('DejaVuLGCSans.woff2') format('woff2'),
-       url('DejaVuLGCSans.woff') format('woff');
+  src: url('DejaVuLGCSans.woff2') format('woff2');
   font-weight: normal;
   font-style: normal;
 }
 
 @font-face {
   font-family: 'DejaVu Sans';
-  src: url('DejaVuLGCSans-Oblique.woff2') format('woff2'),
-       url('DejaVuLGCSans-Oblique.woff') format('woff');
+  src: url('DejaVuLGCSans-Oblique.woff2') format('woff2');
   font-weight: normal;
   font-style: italic;
 }
 
 @font-face {
   font-family: 'DejaVu Sans';
-  src: url('DejaVuLGCSans-Bold.woff2') format('woff2'),
-       url('DejaVuLGCSans-Bold.woff') format('woff');
+  src: url('DejaVuLGCSans-Bold.woff2') format('woff2');
   font-weight: bold;
   font-style: normal;
 }
 
 @font-face {
   font-family: 'DejaVu Sans';
-  src: url('DejaVuLGCSans-BoldOblique.woff2') format('woff2'),
-       url('DejaVuLGCSans-BoldOblique.woff') format('woff');
+  src: url('DejaVuLGCSans-BoldOblique.woff2') format('woff2');
   font-weight: bold;
   font-style: italic;
 }
 
 @font-face {
   font-family: 'DejaVu Serif';
-  src: url('DejaVuLGCSerif.woff2') format('woff2'),
-       url('DejaVuLGCSerif.woff') format('woff');
+  src: url('DejaVuLGCSerif.woff2') format('woff2');
   font-weight: normal;
   font-style: normal;
 }
 
 @font-face {
   font-family: 'DejaVu Serif';
-  src: url('DejaVuLGCSerif-Italic.woff2') format('woff2'),
-       url('DejaVuLGCSerif-Italic.woff') format('woff');
+  src: url('DejaVuLGCSerif-Italic.woff2') format('woff2');
   font-weight: normal;
   font-style: italic;
 }
 
 @font-face {
   font-family: 'DejaVu Serif';
-  src: url('DejaVuLGCSerif-Bold.woff2') format('woff2'),
-       url('DejaVuLGCSerif-Bold.woff') format('woff');
+  src: url('DejaVuLGCSerif-Bold.woff2') format('woff2');
   font-weight: bold;
   font-style: normal;
 }
 
 @font-face {
   font-family: 'DejaVu Serif';
-  src: url('DejaVuLGCSerif-BoldItalic.woff2') format('woff2'),
-       url('DejaVuLGCSerif-BoldItalic.woff') format('woff');
+  src: url('DejaVuLGCSerif-BoldItalic.woff2') format('woff2');
   font-weight: bold;
   font-style: italic;
 }
diff --git a/test/langtools/jdk/javadoc/doclet/testFonts/TestFonts.java b/test/langtools/jdk/javadoc/doclet/testFonts/TestFonts.java
index 538eea6b1ff..d2afe0a02cc 100644
--- a/test/langtools/jdk/javadoc/doclet/testFonts/TestFonts.java
+++ b/test/langtools/jdk/javadoc/doclet/testFonts/TestFonts.java
@@ -72,35 +72,22 @@ public void testFonts(Path base) throws Exception {
                 """
                     @font-face {
                       font-family: 'DejaVu Sans Mono';
-                      src: url('DejaVuLGCSansMono.woff2') format('woff2'),
-                           url('DejaVuLGCSansMono.woff') format('woff');
+                      src: url('DejaVuLGCSansMono.woff2') format('woff2');
                       font-weight: normal;
                       font-style: normal;
                     }""");
         checkFiles(true,
-                "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans-Bold.woff",
                 "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans-Bold.woff2",
-                "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans-BoldOblique.woff",
                 "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans-BoldOblique.woff2",
-                "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans-Oblique.woff",
                 "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans-Oblique.woff2",
-                "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans.woff",
                 "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans.woff2",
-                "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono-Bold.woff",
                 "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono-Bold.woff2",
-                "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono-BoldOblique.woff",
                 "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono-BoldOblique.woff2",
-                "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono-Oblique.woff",
                 "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono-Oblique.woff2",
-                "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono.woff",
                 "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono.woff2",
-                "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif-Bold.woff",
                 "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif-Bold.woff2",
-                "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif-BoldItalic.woff",
                 "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif-BoldItalic.woff2",
-                "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif-Italic.woff",
                 "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif-Italic.woff2",
-                "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif.woff",
                 "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif.woff2");
     }
 
diff --git a/test/langtools/jdk/javadoc/tool/api/basic/APITest.java b/test/langtools/jdk/javadoc/tool/api/basic/APITest.java
index bd8d0cf7953..e77a50a2088 100644
--- a/test/langtools/jdk/javadoc/tool/api/basic/APITest.java
+++ b/test/langtools/jdk/javadoc/tool/api/basic/APITest.java
@@ -216,29 +216,17 @@ protected void error(String msg) {
             "resource-files/x.svg",
             "resource-files/sort-a-z.svg",
             "resource-files/fonts/dejavu.css",
-            "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans-Bold.woff",
             "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans-Bold.woff2",
-            "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans-BoldOblique.woff",
             "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans-BoldOblique.woff2",
-            "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans-Oblique.woff",
             "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans-Oblique.woff2",
-            "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans.woff",
             "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSans.woff2",
-            "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono-Bold.woff",
             "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono-Bold.woff2",
-            "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono-BoldOblique.woff",
             "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono-BoldOblique.woff2",
-            "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono-Oblique.woff",
             "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono-Oblique.woff2",
-            "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono.woff",
             "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSansMono.woff2",
-            "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif-Bold.woff",
             "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif-Bold.woff2",
-            "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif-BoldItalic.woff",
             "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif-BoldItalic.woff2",
-            "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif-Italic.woff",
             "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif-Italic.woff2",
-            "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif.woff",
             "resource-files/fonts/DejaVuLGCSerif.woff2",
             "script-files/script.js",
             "script-files/search.js",

From b97ec9feda9db06137321c10e93be10274379890 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Naoto Sato <naoto@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 28 Jul 2026 18:32:43 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 357/707] 8388794: Short display name tests for zones with
 explicit DST offsets

Reviewed-by: iris, jlu
---
 .../resources/cldr/TimeZoneNamesTest.java     | 39 ++++++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 24 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/util/resources/cldr/TimeZoneNamesTest.java b/test/jdk/sun/util/resources/cldr/TimeZoneNamesTest.java
index 60359b8fbd4..f9610436bc9 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/util/resources/cldr/TimeZoneNamesTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/util/resources/cldr/TimeZoneNamesTest.java
@@ -57,8 +57,8 @@ private static Object[][] sampleTZs() {
         return new Object[][] {
             // tzid, locale, style, expected
 
-            // This list is as of CLDR version 48, and should be examined
-            // on the CLDR data upgrade.
+            // This list is current as of CLDR 48.2 and should be reviewed
+            // whenever the CLDR data is upgraded.
 
             // no "metazone" zones (some of them were assigned metazones
             // over time, thus they are not "generated" per se
@@ -300,12 +300,14 @@ private static Object[][] sampleTZs() {
 
     private static Stream<Arguments> explicitDstOffsets() {
         return Stream.of(
-            Arguments.of(ZonedDateTime.of(2026, 4, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZoneId.of("Europe/Dublin")), "Irish Standard Time"),
-            Arguments.of(ZonedDateTime.of(2026, 12, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZoneId.of("Europe/Dublin")), "Greenwich Mean Time"),
-            Arguments.of(ZonedDateTime.of(2026, 4, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZoneId.of("Eire")), "Irish Standard Time"),
-            Arguments.of(ZonedDateTime.of(2026, 12, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZoneId.of("Eire")), "Greenwich Mean Time"),
-            Arguments.of(ZonedDateTime.of(2026, 4, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZoneId.of("America/Vancouver")), "Pacific Daylight Time"),
-            Arguments.of(ZonedDateTime.of(2026, 12, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZoneId.of("America/Vancouver")), "Pacific Daylight Time")
+            // CLDR v48
+            Arguments.of(ZonedDateTime.of(2026, 4, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZoneId.of("Europe/Dublin")), "Irish Standard Time", "IST"),
+            Arguments.of(ZonedDateTime.of(2026, 12, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZoneId.of("Europe/Dublin")), "Greenwich Mean Time", "GMT"),
+            Arguments.of(ZonedDateTime.of(2026, 4, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZoneId.of("Eire")), "Irish Standard Time", "IST"),
+            Arguments.of(ZonedDateTime.of(2026, 12, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZoneId.of("Eire")), "Greenwich Mean Time", "GMT"),
+            // CLDR v48.2 & tz2026b. America/Vancouver switched to permanent DST
+            Arguments.of(ZonedDateTime.of(2026, 4, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZoneId.of("America/Vancouver")), "Pacific Daylight Time", "PDT"),
+            Arguments.of(ZonedDateTime.of(2026, 12, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZoneId.of("America/Vancouver")), "Pacific Daylight Time", "PDT")
         );
     }
 
@@ -340,18 +342,25 @@ public void test_getZoneStrings() {
             "getZoneStrings() returned array containing non-empty string element(s)");
     }
 
-    // Explicit metazone dst offset test. As of CLDR v48, only Europe/Dublin utilizes
-    // this attribute, but will be used for America/Vancouver once CLDR adopts the
-    // explicit offset for that zone, which warrants the test data modification.
+    // Explicit metazone DST offset test. This attribute is used for Europe/Dublin
+    // to support the negative DST. Also, it is used to support permanent DST names,
+    // such as with America/Vancouver. For the latter case, both CLDR data and corresponding
+    // updated TZDB data are required (e.g., tz2026b for America/Vancouver).
     @ParameterizedTest
     @MethodSource("explicitDstOffsets")
-    public void test_ExplicitMetazoneOffsets(ZonedDateTime zdt, String expected) {
+    public void test_ExplicitMetazoneOffsets(ZonedDateTime zdt, String expectedLong, String expectedShort) {
         // java.time
-        assertEquals(expected, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("zzzz").format(zdt));
+        assertEquals(expectedLong, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("zzzz").format(zdt));
+        assertEquals(expectedShort, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("z").format(zdt));
 
         // java.text/util
+        var date = Date.from(zdt.toInstant());
+        var tz = TimeZone.getTimeZone(zdt.getZone());
         var sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("zzzz");
-        sdf.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone(zdt.getZone()));
-        assertEquals(expected, sdf.format(Date.from(zdt.toInstant())));
+        sdf.setTimeZone(tz);
+        assertEquals(expectedLong, sdf.format(date));
+        sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("z");
+        sdf.setTimeZone(tz);
+        assertEquals(expectedShort, sdf.format(date));
     }
 }

From 87ed2ec4fa1d83d81f0dd9986a50520b13e0cac4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David Holmes <dholmes@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 29 Jul 2026 04:01:20 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 358/707] 8387045: JDK with transformer agent hangs on shutdown

Reviewed-by: sspitsyn, pchilanomate, lmesnik
---
 .../share/prims/jvmtiEventController.cpp      |   4 +
 .../TransformerShutdownDeadlockTest.java      | 158 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 162 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/RedefineClasses/TransformerShutdownDeadlockTest.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEventController.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEventController.cpp
index a0cec5ddc0e..69b39828902 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEventController.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEventController.cpp
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 #include "prims/jvmtiThreadState.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/deoptimization.hpp"
 #include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaThread.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/stackFrameStream.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/threads.hpp"
@@ -1245,6 +1246,9 @@ JvmtiEventController::vm_death() {
   // callbacks are complete. The count could rise again, but those "callbacks"
   // will immediately see `execution_finished()` and return (dropping the count).
   while (in_callback_count() > 0) {
+    // Ensure we are safepoint-safe else we may prevent progress of an active
+    // callback until the maximum wait time has passed.
+    ThreadBlockInVM tbivm(JavaThread::current());
     os::naked_short_sleep(100);
     if (os::elapsedTime() - start > max_wait_time) {
       break;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/RedefineClasses/TransformerShutdownDeadlockTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/RedefineClasses/TransformerShutdownDeadlockTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e8e14a85d01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/RedefineClasses/TransformerShutdownDeadlockTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8387045
+ * @summary Transforming during VM shutdown could lead to deadlock
+ * @requires vm.jvmti
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.instrument
+ * @run driver TransformerShutdownDeadlockTest
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
+
+import java.lang.instrument.ClassFileTransformer;
+import java.lang.instrument.IllegalClassFormatException;
+import java.lang.instrument.Instrumentation;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.security.ProtectionDomain;
+
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.nio.file.FileSystem;
+import java.nio.file.FileSystems;
+import java.util.Collections;
+
+public class TransformerShutdownDeadlockTest {
+
+    private static String manifest = "Premain-Class: " +
+                    TransformerShutdownDeadlockTest.Agent.class.getName() + "\n"
+                    + "Can-Retransform-Classes: true\n";
+
+    public static void main(String args[]) throws Throwable {
+        // The JVMTI vm_death spin loop lasts 60 seconds. Set up a 30
+        // second deadline to detect excessive spinning.
+        long deadline_ns = 30L * 1000 * 1000 * 1000;
+
+        String agentJar = buildAgent();
+        ProcessBuilder pb =
+            ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder("-javaagent:" + agentJar,
+                                                             "-Xlog:class+load=info",
+                                                             TransformerShutdownDeadlockTest.Agent.class.getName());
+        long start = System.nanoTime();
+        ProcessTools.executeProcess(pb).shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+        long end = System.nanoTime();
+        if (end - start > deadline_ns) {
+            throw new Error("VM exit deadlock potentially detected: " + (end - start));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String buildAgent() throws Exception {
+        Path jar = Files.createTempFile(Paths.get("."), null, ".jar");
+        String jarPath = jar.toAbsolutePath().toString();
+        ClassFileInstaller.writeJar(jarPath,
+                ClassFileInstaller.Manifest.fromString(manifest),
+                TransformerShutdownDeadlockTest.class.getName());
+        return jarPath;
+    }
+
+    // The class to retransform when loaded.
+    static class Transform {
+        static {
+            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " doing init for Transform");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class Agent implements ClassFileTransformer {
+        private static Instrumentation instrumentation;
+
+        public static void premain(String agentArgs, Instrumentation inst) {
+            instrumentation = inst;
+        }
+
+        private static volatile boolean transform_running = false;
+        private static volatile boolean starting_exit = false;
+
+        @Override
+        public byte[] transform(ClassLoader loader,
+                                String className,
+                                Class<?> classBeingRedefined,
+                                ProtectionDomain protectionDomain,
+                                byte[] classfileBuffer)
+            throws IllegalClassFormatException {
+
+            if (!"TransformerShutdownDeadlockTest$Transform".equals(className)) {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            String name = Thread.currentThread().getName();
+            System.out.println(name + " in transform()");
+            transform_running = true; // Release main thread
+            try {
+                while (!starting_exit); // Wait for main thread to be ready
+                Thread.sleep(200);     // Give main thread a chance to hit vm_death
+                // Force-load some new classes and do some active work. The deadlock is
+                // triggered by a deopt request.
+                System.out.println(name + " creating FileSystem");
+                URL jarUrl = Agent.class.getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation();
+                URI jarUri = URI.create("jar:" + jarUrl.toURI());
+                try (FileSystem jar = FileSystems.newFileSystem(jarUri, Collections.emptyMap())) {
+                }
+            }
+            catch (Throwable t) {
+                throw new Error("Unexpected exception: ", t);
+            }
+            System.out.println(name + " done retransform");
+            return null;
+
+        }
+
+        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+            instrumentation.addTransformer(new TransformerShutdownDeadlockTest.Agent(), true);
+
+            // Start a daemon thread to load the class that will be transformed
+            final Thread t = new Thread() {
+                    public void run() {
+                        System.out.println("TransformerThread about to load Transform");
+                        Transform tr = new Transform();
+                        System.out.println("TransformerThread done");
+                    }
+                };
+            t.setName("TransformerThread");
+            t.setDaemon(true);
+            System.out.println("Main thread about to start TransformerThread");
+            t.start();
+
+            while (!transform_running); // Wait for transform to start
+            System.out.println("Main thread calling exit");
+            starting_exit = true; // Release transform thread
+            System.exit(0);
+        }
+    }
+}

From 2e52a26aa52eed43b70e1c4289fbeb256783f561 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jatin Bhateja <jbhateja@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 29 Jul 2026 04:30:32 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 359/707] 8387145: C2 VectorAPI: bad definition of
 right_child_pred in Compile::compute_logic_cone

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, vlivanov
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp            |   2 +-
 .../vectorapi/TestMaskedMacroLogicVector.java | 213 +++++++++++++++++-
 2 files changed, 212 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
index 93d8e4c425d..81be5eede49 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
@@ -2950,7 +2950,7 @@ bool Compile::compute_logic_cone(Node* n, Unique_Node_List& partition, Unique_No
 
   Node* parent_pred = parent_is_predicated ? n->in(n->req()-1) : nullptr;
   Node* left_child_pred = left_child_predicated ? n->in(1)->in(n->in(1)->req()-1) : nullptr;
-  Node* right_child_pred = right_child_predicated ? n->in(1)->in(n->in(1)->req()-1) : nullptr;
+  Node* right_child_pred = right_child_predicated ? n->in(2)->in(n->in(2)->req()-1) : nullptr;
 
   do {
     if (pack_left_child && left_child_LOP &&
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestMaskedMacroLogicVector.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestMaskedMacroLogicVector.java
index 69473ff72b3..22c35d80c70 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestMaskedMacroLogicVector.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestMaskedMacroLogicVector.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /**
  * @test
- * @bug 8273322
+ * @bug 8273322 8387145
  * @key randomness
  * @summary Enhance macro logic optimization for masked logic operations.
  * @modules jdk.incubator.vector
@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ public class TestMaskedMacroLogicVector {
     long [] cl;
 
     boolean [] mask;
+    boolean [] mask2;
 
     static boolean booleanFunc1(boolean a, boolean b) {
         return a & b;
@@ -504,6 +505,147 @@ public void verifyInt8(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, int[] c, boolean [] mask) {
         }
     }
 
+    static int intFunc9(int a, int b, int c, boolean mask, boolean mask2) {
+        int left  = mask  ? (b & a) : b;
+        int right = mask2 ? (c & a) : c;
+        return mask ? (left ^ right) : left;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void testInt9Kernel(VectorSpecies SPECIES, int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, int[] c, boolean [] mask, boolean [] mask2) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SPECIES.loopBound(r.length); i += SPECIES.length()) {
+            VectorMask<Integer> vmask  = VectorMask.fromArray(SPECIES, mask , i);
+            VectorMask<Integer> vmask2 = VectorMask.fromArray(SPECIES, mask2, i);
+            IntVector va = IntVector.fromArray(SPECIES, a, i);
+            IntVector vb = IntVector.fromArray(SPECIES, b, i);
+            IntVector vc = IntVector.fromArray(SPECIES, c, i);
+            vb.lanewise(VectorOperators.AND, va, vmask)
+            .lanewise(VectorOperators.XOR,
+                      vc.lanewise(VectorOperators.AND, va, vmask2), vmask)
+           .intoArray(r, i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testInt9_Int128(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, int[] c, boolean [] mask, boolean [] mask2) {
+        testInt9Kernel(IntVector.SPECIES_128, r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testInt9_Int256(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, int[] c, boolean [] mask, boolean [] mask2) {
+        testInt9Kernel(IntVector.SPECIES_256, r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testInt9_Int512(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, int[] c, boolean [] mask, boolean [] mask2) {
+        testInt9Kernel(IntVector.SPECIES_512, r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+    }
+
+    public void verifyInt9(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, int[] c, boolean [] mask, boolean [] mask2) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < r.length; i++) {
+            int expected = intFunc9(a[i], b[i], c[i], mask[i], mask2[i]);
+            if (r[i] != expected) {
+                throw new AssertionError(String.format("testInt9: at #%d: r=%d, expected = %d = intFunc9(%d,%d,%d,%b,%b)",
+                                                       i, r[i], expected, a[i], b[i], c[i], mask[i], mask2[i]));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int intFunc10(int a, int b, int c, boolean mask, boolean mask2) {
+        int left  = mask  ? (a & b) : a;
+        int right = mask2 ? (a | c) : a;
+        return mask ? (left | right) : left;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void testInt10Kernel(VectorSpecies SPECIES, int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, int[] c, boolean [] mask, boolean [] mask2) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SPECIES.loopBound(r.length); i += SPECIES.length()) {
+            VectorMask<Integer> vmask  = VectorMask.fromArray(SPECIES, mask , i);
+            VectorMask<Integer> vmask2 = VectorMask.fromArray(SPECIES, mask2, i);
+            IntVector va = IntVector.fromArray(SPECIES, a, i);
+            IntVector vb = IntVector.fromArray(SPECIES, b, i);
+            IntVector vc = IntVector.fromArray(SPECIES, c, i);
+            va.lanewise(VectorOperators.AND, vb, vmask)
+            .lanewise(VectorOperators.OR,
+                      va.lanewise(VectorOperators.OR, vc, vmask2), vmask)
+           .intoArray(r, i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testInt10_Int128(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, int[] c, boolean [] mask, boolean [] mask2) {
+        testInt10Kernel(IntVector.SPECIES_128, r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testInt10_Int256(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, int[] c, boolean [] mask, boolean [] mask2) {
+        testInt10Kernel(IntVector.SPECIES_256, r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testInt10_Int512(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, int[] c, boolean [] mask, boolean [] mask2) {
+        testInt10Kernel(IntVector.SPECIES_512, r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+    }
+
+    public void verifyInt10(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, int[] c, boolean [] mask, boolean [] mask2) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < r.length; i++) {
+            int expected = intFunc10(a[i], b[i], c[i], mask[i], mask2[i]);
+            if (r[i] != expected) {
+                throw new AssertionError(String.format("testInt10: at #%d: r=%d, expected = %d = intFunc10(%d,%d,%d,%b,%b)",
+                                                       i, r[i], expected, a[i], b[i], c[i], mask[i], mask2[i]));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int intFunc11(int a, int b, int c, boolean mask, boolean mask2) {
+        int left  = mask  ? (a ^ b) : a;
+        int right = mask2 ? (a & c) : a;
+        return mask ? (left & right) : left;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void testInt11Kernel(VectorSpecies SPECIES, int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, int[] c, boolean [] mask, boolean [] mask2) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SPECIES.loopBound(r.length); i += SPECIES.length()) {
+            VectorMask<Integer> vmask  = VectorMask.fromArray(SPECIES, mask , i);
+            VectorMask<Integer> vmask2 = VectorMask.fromArray(SPECIES, mask2, i);
+            IntVector va = IntVector.fromArray(SPECIES, a, i);
+            IntVector vb = IntVector.fromArray(SPECIES, b, i);
+            IntVector vc = IntVector.fromArray(SPECIES, c, i);
+            va.lanewise(VectorOperators.XOR, vb, vmask)
+            .lanewise(VectorOperators.AND,
+                      va.lanewise(VectorOperators.AND, vc, vmask2), vmask)
+           .intoArray(r, i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testInt11_Int128(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, int[] c, boolean [] mask, boolean [] mask2) {
+        testInt11Kernel(IntVector.SPECIES_128, r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testInt11_Int256(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, int[] c, boolean [] mask, boolean [] mask2) {
+        testInt11Kernel(IntVector.SPECIES_256, r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testInt11_Int512(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, int[] c, boolean [] mask, boolean [] mask2) {
+        testInt11Kernel(IntVector.SPECIES_512, r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+    }
+
+    public void verifyInt11(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, int[] c, boolean [] mask, boolean [] mask2) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < r.length; i++) {
+            int expected = intFunc11(a[i], b[i], c[i], mask[i], mask2[i]);
+            if (r[i] != expected) {
+                throw new AssertionError(String.format("testInt11: at #%d: r=%d, expected = %d = intFunc11(%d,%d,%d,%b,%b)",
+                                                       i, r[i], expected, a[i], b[i], c[i], mask[i], mask2[i]));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
 
     // ===================================================== //
 
@@ -798,6 +940,72 @@ public void kernel_testInt8_Int512() {
         }
     }
 
+    @Run(test = {"testInt9_Int128"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testInt9_Int128() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testInt9_Int128(r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+            verifyInt9(r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+        }
+    }
+    @Run(test = {"testInt9_Int256"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testInt9_Int256() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testInt9_Int256(r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+            verifyInt9(r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+        }
+    }
+    @Run(test = {"testInt9_Int512"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testInt9_Int512() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testInt9_Int512(r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+            verifyInt9(r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"testInt10_Int128"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testInt10_Int128() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testInt10_Int128(r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+            verifyInt10(r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+        }
+    }
+    @Run(test = {"testInt10_Int256"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testInt10_Int256() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testInt10_Int256(r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+            verifyInt10(r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+        }
+    }
+    @Run(test = {"testInt10_Int512"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testInt10_Int512() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testInt10_Int512(r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+            verifyInt10(r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"testInt11_Int128"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testInt11_Int128() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testInt11_Int128(r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+            verifyInt11(r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+        }
+    }
+    @Run(test = {"testInt11_Int256"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testInt11_Int256() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testInt11_Int256(r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+            verifyInt11(r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+        }
+    }
+    @Run(test = {"testInt11_Int512"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testInt11_Int512() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testInt11_Int512(r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+            verifyInt11(r, a, b, c, mask, mask2);
+        }
+    }
+
     @Run(test = {"testLong_Long256"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
     public void kernel_testLong_Long256() {
         for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
@@ -836,6 +1044,7 @@ public TestMaskedMacroLogicVector() {
         cl = fillLongRandom(() -> new long[SIZE]);
 
         mask = fillBooleanRandom((()-> new boolean[SIZE]));
+        mask2 = fillBooleanRandom((()-> new boolean[SIZE]));
     }
 
     public static void main(String[] args) {

From ce1779910c86631e4435b6e94f476a9c75e2618f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Prasanta Sadhukhan <psadhukhan@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 29 Jul 2026 05:08:20 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 360/707] 8388486:
 javax/swing/JInternalFrame/8069348/bug8069348.java fails with Internal frame
 is not correctly dragged!

Reviewed-by: azvegint, serb
---
 .../JInternalFrame/8069348/bug8069348.java    | 40 ++++++++++++++++---
 1 file changed, 34 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/javax/swing/JInternalFrame/8069348/bug8069348.java b/test/jdk/javax/swing/JInternalFrame/8069348/bug8069348.java
index 06e08cfb808..c23301d2c80 100644
--- a/test/jdk/javax/swing/JInternalFrame/8069348/bug8069348.java
+++ b/test/jdk/javax/swing/JInternalFrame/8069348/bug8069348.java
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 import java.awt.Toolkit;
 import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
 import java.awt.event.InputEvent;
+import javax.swing.DesktopManager;
 import javax.swing.JDesktopPane;
 import javax.swing.JFrame;
 import javax.swing.JInternalFrame;
@@ -78,14 +79,10 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             int dx = screenBounds.width / 2;
             int dy = screenBounds.height / 2;
 
-            robot.mouseMove(x, y);
-            robot.waitForIdle();
-
-            robot.mousePress(InputEvent.BUTTON1_DOWN_MASK);
-            robot.mouseMove(x + dx, y + dy);
-            robot.mouseRelease(InputEvent.BUTTON1_DOWN_MASK);
+            dragInternalFrame(dx, dy);
             robot.waitForIdle();
 
+            waitForFrameBounds(robot, screenBounds.x + dx, screenBounds.y + dy);
             int cx = screenBounds.x + screenBounds.width + dx / 2;
             int cy = screenBounds.y + screenBounds.height + dy / 2;
 
@@ -115,6 +112,37 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         System.out.println("Test Passed");
     }
 
+    private static void dragInternalFrame(int dx, int dy) throws Exception {
+        SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(() -> {
+            DesktopManager dm = internalFrame.getDesktopPane().getDesktopManager();
+            Rectangle bounds = internalFrame.getBounds();
+
+            dm.beginDraggingFrame(internalFrame);
+            try {
+                dm.dragFrame(internalFrame, bounds.x + dx, bounds.y + dy);
+            } finally {
+                dm.endDraggingFrame(internalFrame);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    private static void waitForFrameBounds(Robot robot, int x, int y)
+            throws Exception {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            Rectangle bounds = getInternalFrameScreenBounds();
+            if (bounds.x == x && bounds.y == y) {
+                return;
+            }
+            robot.delay(100);
+            robot.waitForIdle();
+        }
+
+        Rectangle bounds = getInternalFrameScreenBounds();
+        throw new RuntimeException("Internal frame was not dragged to expected"
+                + " location. Expected: " + x + ", " + y
+                + "; actual: " + bounds.x + ", " + bounds.y);
+     }
+
     private static Rectangle getInternalFrameScreenBounds() throws Exception {
         Rectangle[] points = new Rectangle[1];
         SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(() -> {

From 84a66dbac7a98c129cbcb433a1501db014eedc9d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 29 Jul 2026 08:06:36 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 361/707] 8388872: Avoid unused variables warnings in
 libj2pkcs11

Reviewed-by: ayang, valeriep
---
 .../windows/native/libj2pkcs11/p11_md.c       | 31 ++++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 16 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/windows/native/libj2pkcs11/p11_md.c b/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/windows/native/libj2pkcs11/p11_md.c
index ca0fd317230..6892e6f93fc 100644
--- a/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/windows/native/libj2pkcs11/p11_md.c
+++ b/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/windows/native/libj2pkcs11/p11_md.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  */
 
 /* Copyright  (c) 2002 Graz University of Technology. All rights reserved.
@@ -79,10 +79,6 @@ JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_sun_security_pkcs11_wrapper_PKCS11_connect
     jstring jGetFunctionList)
 {
     HINSTANCE hModule;
-    int i = 0;
-    CK_ULONG ulCount = 0;
-    CK_C_GetInterfaceList C_GetInterfaceList = NULL;
-    CK_INTERFACE_PTR iList = NULL;
     CK_C_GetInterface C_GetInterface = NULL;
     CK_INTERFACE_PTR interface = NULL;
     CK_C_GetFunctionList C_GetFunctionList = NULL;
@@ -129,22 +125,27 @@ JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_sun_security_pkcs11_wrapper_PKCS11_connect
     /*
      * Get function pointer to C_GetInterfaceList
      */
-    C_GetInterfaceList = (CK_C_GetInterfaceList) GetProcAddress(hModule,
+    CK_C_GetInterfaceList C_GetInterfaceList = (CK_C_GetInterfaceList) GetProcAddress(hModule,
             "C_GetInterfaceList");
     if (C_GetInterfaceList != NULL) {
+        CK_ULONG ulCount = 0;
         TRACE0("Found C_GetInterfaceList func\n");
         rv = (C_GetInterfaceList)(NULL, &ulCount);
         if (rv == CKR_OK) {
             /* get copy of interfaces */
-            iList = (CK_INTERFACE_PTR)
-                    malloc(ulCount*sizeof(CK_INTERFACE));
-            rv = C_GetInterfaceList(iList, &ulCount);
-            for (i=0; i < (int)ulCount; i++) {
-                printf("interface %s version %d.%d funcs %p flags 0x%lu\n",
-                        iList[i].pInterfaceName,
-                        ((CK_VERSION *)iList[i].pFunctionList)->major,
-                        ((CK_VERSION *)iList[i].pFunctionList)->minor,
-                        iList[i].pFunctionList, iList[i].flags);
+            CK_INTERFACE_PTR iList = (CK_INTERFACE_PTR) malloc(ulCount*sizeof(CK_INTERFACE));
+            if (iList == NULL) {
+                TRACE0("Connect: error allocating interface list\n");
+            } else {
+                rv = C_GetInterfaceList(iList, &ulCount);
+                for (int i=0; i < (int)ulCount; i++) {
+                    printf("interface %s version %d.%d funcs %p flags 0x%lu\n",
+                            iList[i].pInterfaceName,
+                            ((CK_VERSION *)iList[i].pFunctionList)->major,
+                            ((CK_VERSION *)iList[i].pFunctionList)->minor,
+                            iList[i].pFunctionList, iList[i].flags);
+                }
+                free(iList);
             }
         } else {
             TRACE0("Connect: error polling interface list size\n");

From cc1238890c984ac3c23690add22c5f2feaa9e395 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Arno Zeller <azeller@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 29 Jul 2026 08:18:01 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 362/707] 8387143: Test
 containers/docker/TestMemoryAwareness.java fails in testOOM

Reviewed-by: mbaesken, clanger, stuefe
---
 .../hotspot/jtreg/containers/docker/TestMemoryAwareness.java | 5 ++++-
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/containers/docker/TestMemoryAwareness.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/containers/docker/TestMemoryAwareness.java
index 522b2904c43..c30917854d9 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/containers/docker/TestMemoryAwareness.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/containers/docker/TestMemoryAwareness.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -213,6 +213,9 @@ private static void testOOM(String dockerMemLimit, int sizeToAllocInMb) throws E
         System.out.println("sizeToAllocInMb is:" + sizeToAllocInMb + " sizeToAllocInMb/2 is:" + sizeToAllocInMb/2);
         String javaHeapSize = sizeToAllocInMb/2 + "m";
         opts.addJavaOptsAppended("-Xmx" + javaHeapSize);
+        // reduce the number of CPUs to 2, so that the number of GC threads is not too
+        // high for the small memory limit (each thread reserves 2MB stacksize).
+        opts.addJavaOptsAppended("-XX:ActiveProcessorCount=2");
 
         OutputAnalyzer out = DockerTestUtils.dockerRunJava(opts);
 

From 34a49f7bd14be05404e20adcd5c9e41246173ee2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 29 Jul 2026 14:11:12 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 363/707] 8387670: Clean up subclassing and DefWindowProc

Reviewed-by: clanger, aivanov, prr
---
 .../native/libawt/windows/ComCtl32Util.cpp      |  7 +++----
 .../native/libawt/windows/ComCtl32Util.h        | 10 ++++------
 .../native/libawt/windows/awt_Choice.cpp        |  9 ++++-----
 .../windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Choice.h  |  3 +--
 .../native/libawt/windows/awt_Component.cpp     |  9 ++++-----
 .../native/libawt/windows/awt_Component.h       |  1 -
 .../native/libawt/windows/awt_FileDialog.cpp    | 15 +++------------
 .../native/libawt/windows/awt_PrintDialog.cpp   | 17 ++++-------------
 .../native/libawt/windows/awt_PrintJob.cpp      | 15 +++------------
 .../windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Window.h  |  3 +--
 10 files changed, 27 insertions(+), 62 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/ComCtl32Util.cpp b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/ComCtl32Util.cpp
index 66e9d0c1a89..773466477de 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/ComCtl32Util.cpp
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/ComCtl32Util.cpp
@@ -41,18 +41,17 @@ void ComCtl32Util::InitLibraries() {
     m_bToolTipControlInitialized = ::InitCommonControlsEx(&iccex);
 }
 
-WNDPROC ComCtl32Util::SubclassHWND(HWND hwnd, WNDPROC _WindowProc) {
+void ComCtl32Util::SubclassHWND(HWND hwnd, WNDPROC _WindowProc) {
     const SUBCLASSPROC p = SharedWindowProc; // let compiler check type of SharedWindowProc
     ::SetWindowSubclass(hwnd, p, (UINT_PTR)_WindowProc, NULL); // _WindowProc is used as subclass ID
-    return NULL;
 }
 
-void ComCtl32Util::UnsubclassHWND(HWND hwnd, WNDPROC _WindowProc, WNDPROC _DefWindowProc) {
+void ComCtl32Util::UnsubclassHWND(HWND hwnd, WNDPROC _WindowProc) {
     const SUBCLASSPROC p = SharedWindowProc; // let compiler check type of SharedWindowProc
     ::RemoveWindowSubclass(hwnd, p, (UINT_PTR)_WindowProc); // _WindowProc is used as subclass ID
 }
 
-LRESULT ComCtl32Util::DefWindowProc(WNDPROC _DefWindowProc, HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) {
+LRESULT ComCtl32Util::DefWindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) {
     return ::DefSubclassProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/ComCtl32Util.h b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/ComCtl32Util.h
index a3806bcc4ed..ced96a605e7 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/ComCtl32Util.h
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/ComCtl32Util.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2008, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -44,11 +44,9 @@ class ComCtl32Util
             return m_bToolTipControlInitialized;
         }
 
-        WNDPROC SubclassHWND(HWND hwnd, WNDPROC _WindowProc);
-        // DefWindowProc is the same as returned from SubclassHWND
-        void UnsubclassHWND(HWND hwnd, WNDPROC _WindowProc, WNDPROC _DefWindowProc);
-        // DefWindowProc is the same as returned from SubclassHWND or NULL
-        LRESULT DefWindowProc(WNDPROC _DefWindowProc, HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
+        void SubclassHWND(HWND hwnd, WNDPROC _WindowProc);
+        void UnsubclassHWND(HWND hwnd, WNDPROC _WindowProc);
+        LRESULT DefWindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
 
     private:
         ComCtl32Util();
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Choice.cpp b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Choice.cpp
index b7c45463c5a..0c237a483cd 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Choice.cpp
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Choice.cpp
@@ -89,7 +89,6 @@ namespace {
 
 AwtChoice::AwtChoice() {
     m_hList = NULL;
-    m_listDefWindowProc = NULL;
 }
 
 LPCTSTR AwtChoice::GetClassName() {
@@ -97,8 +96,8 @@ LPCTSTR AwtChoice::GetClassName() {
 }
 
 void AwtChoice::Dispose() {
-    if (m_hList != NULL && m_listDefWindowProc != NULL) {
-        ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().UnsubclassHWND(m_hList, ListWindowProc, m_listDefWindowProc);
+    if (m_hList != NULL) {
+        ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().UnsubclassHWND(m_hList, ListWindowProc);
     }
     AwtComponent::Dispose();
 }
@@ -424,7 +423,7 @@ LRESULT CALLBACK AwtChoice::ListWindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message,
             }
         }
     }
-    return ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().DefWindowProc(NULL, hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);
+    return ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);
 
     CATCH_BAD_ALLOC_RET(0);
 }
@@ -449,7 +448,7 @@ MsgRouting AwtChoice::WmNotify(UINT notifyCode)
             cbi.cbSize = sizeof(COMBOBOXINFO);
             ::GetComboBoxInfo(GetHWnd(), &cbi);
             m_hList = cbi.hwndList;
-            m_listDefWindowProc = ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().SubclassHWND(m_hList, ListWindowProc);
+            ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().SubclassHWND(m_hList, ListWindowProc);
             DASSERT(::GetWindowLongPtr(m_hList, GWLP_USERDATA) == NULL);
             ::SetWindowLongPtr(m_hList, GWLP_USERDATA, (LONG_PTR)this);
         }
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Choice.h b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Choice.h
index b3aa3ea4e59..4340dfd3460 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Choice.h
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Choice.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -93,7 +93,6 @@ class AwtChoice : public AwtComponent {
     int GetTotalHeight();
     static BOOL sm_isMouseMoveInList;
     HWND m_hList;
-    WNDPROC m_listDefWindowProc;
     static LRESULT CALLBACK ListWindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message,
                                            WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
 };
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Component.cpp b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Component.cpp
index eca8290a1aa..9d49172262f 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Component.cpp
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Component.cpp
@@ -229,7 +229,6 @@ AwtComponent::AwtComponent()
     m_backgroundColorSet = FALSE;
     m_penForeground = NULL;
     m_brushBackground = NULL;
-    m_DefWindowProc = NULL;
     m_nextControlID = 1;
     m_childList = NULL;
     m_myControlID = 0;
@@ -394,7 +393,7 @@ LRESULT CALLBACK AwtComponent::WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message,
     if (self == NULL || self->GetHWnd() != hWnd ||
         message == WM_UNDOCUMENTED_CLIENTSHUTDOWN) // handle log-off gracefully
     {
-        return ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().DefWindowProc(NULL, hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
+        return ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
     } else {
         return self->WindowProc(message, wParam, lParam);
     }
@@ -682,7 +681,7 @@ void AwtComponent::SubclassHWND()
         return;
     }
     const WNDPROC wndproc = WndProc; // let compiler type check WndProc
-    m_DefWindowProc = ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().SubclassHWND(GetHWnd(), wndproc);
+    ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().SubclassHWND(GetHWnd(), wndproc);
     m_bSubclassed = TRUE;
 }
 
@@ -694,7 +693,7 @@ void AwtComponent::UnsubclassHWND()
     if (!m_bSubclassed) {
         return;
     }
-    ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().UnsubclassHWND(GetHWnd(), WndProc, m_DefWindowProc);
+    ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().UnsubclassHWND(GetHWnd(), WndProc);
     m_bSubclassed = FALSE;
 }
 
@@ -1981,7 +1980,7 @@ LRESULT AwtComponent::WindowProc(UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
  */
 LRESULT AwtComponent::DefWindowProc(UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
 {
-    return ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().DefWindowProc(m_DefWindowProc, GetHWnd(), msg, wParam, lParam);
+    return ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().DefWindowProc(GetHWnd(), msg, wParam, lParam);
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Component.h b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Component.h
index 1246f6cb06e..42a88c24f8c 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Component.h
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Component.h
@@ -780,7 +780,6 @@ class AwtComponent : public AwtObject {
     AwtPen*  m_penForeground;
     AwtBrush* m_brushBackground;
 
-    WNDPROC  m_DefWindowProc;
     // counter for messages being processed by this component
     UINT     m_MessagesProcessing;
 
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_FileDialog.cpp b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_FileDialog.cpp
index 520097e07fb..fc85995c8a8 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_FileDialog.cpp
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_FileDialog.cpp
@@ -111,9 +111,7 @@ LRESULT CALLBACK FileDialogWndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message,
             return 0;
         }
     }
-
-    WNDPROC lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)(::GetProp(hWnd, NativeDialogWndProcProp));
-    return ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().DefWindowProc(lpfnWndProc, hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
+    return ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
 }
 
 static UINT_PTR CALLBACK
@@ -152,10 +150,7 @@ FileDialogHookProc(HWND hdlg, UINT uiMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
             }
 
             // subclass dialog's parent to receive additional messages
-            WNDPROC lpfnWndProc = ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().SubclassHWND(parent,
-                                                                           FileDialogWndProc);
-            ::SetProp(parent, NativeDialogWndProcProp, reinterpret_cast<HANDLE>(lpfnWndProc));
-
+            ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().SubclassHWND(parent, FileDialogWndProc);
             ::SetProp(parent, OpenFileNameProp, (void *)lParam);
 
             break;
@@ -167,12 +162,8 @@ FileDialogHookProc(HWND hdlg, UINT uiMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
                 ::ImmReleaseContext(hdlg, hIMC);
             }
 
-            WNDPROC lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)(::GetProp(parent, NativeDialogWndProcProp));
-            ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().UnsubclassHWND(parent,
-                                                       FileDialogWndProc,
-                                                       lpfnWndProc);
+            ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().UnsubclassHWND(parent, FileDialogWndProc);
             ::RemoveProp(parent, ModalDialogPeerProp);
-            ::RemoveProp(parent, NativeDialogWndProcProp);
             ::RemoveProp(parent, OpenFileNameProp);
             break;
         }
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_PrintDialog.cpp b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_PrintDialog.cpp
index 4e546cb23db..32174af78d0 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_PrintDialog.cpp
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_PrintDialog.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -64,9 +64,7 @@ LRESULT CALLBACK PrintDialogWndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message,
             break;
         }
     }
-
-    WNDPROC lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)(::GetProp(hWnd, NativeDialogWndProcProp));
-    return ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().DefWindowProc(lpfnWndProc, hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
+    return ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
 }
 
 static UINT_PTR CALLBACK
@@ -100,19 +98,12 @@ PrintDialogHookProc(HWND hdlg, UINT uiMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
             }
 
             // subclass dialog's parent to receive additional messages
-            WNDPROC lpfnWndProc = ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().SubclassHWND(hdlg,
-                                                                           PrintDialogWndProc);
-            ::SetProp(hdlg, NativeDialogWndProcProp, reinterpret_cast<HANDLE>(lpfnWndProc));
-
+            ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().SubclassHWND(hdlg, PrintDialogWndProc);
             break;
         }
         case WM_DESTROY: {
-            WNDPROC lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)(::GetProp(hdlg, NativeDialogWndProcProp));
-            ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().UnsubclassHWND(hdlg,
-                                                       PrintDialogWndProc,
-                                                       lpfnWndProc);
+            ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().UnsubclassHWND(hdlg, PrintDialogWndProc);
             ::RemoveProp(hdlg, ModalDialogPeerProp);
-            ::RemoveProp(hdlg, NativeDialogWndProcProp);
             break;
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_PrintJob.cpp b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_PrintJob.cpp
index b18fa5a7e2c..0381e828c26 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_PrintJob.cpp
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_PrintJob.cpp
@@ -3203,9 +3203,7 @@ LRESULT CALLBACK PageDialogWndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message,
             break;
         }
     }
-
-    WNDPROC lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)(::GetProp(hWnd, NativeDialogWndProcProp));
-    return ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().DefWindowProc(lpfnWndProc, hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
+    return ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -3239,19 +3237,12 @@ static UINT CALLBACK pageDlgHook(HWND hDlg, UINT msg,
             }
 
             // subclass dialog's parent to receive additional messages
-            WNDPROC lpfnWndProc = ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().SubclassHWND(hDlg,
-                                                                           PageDialogWndProc);
-            ::SetProp(hDlg, NativeDialogWndProcProp, reinterpret_cast<HANDLE>(lpfnWndProc));
-
+            ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().SubclassHWND(hDlg, PageDialogWndProc);
             break;
         }
         case WM_DESTROY: {
-            WNDPROC lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)(::GetProp(hDlg, NativeDialogWndProcProp));
-            ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().UnsubclassHWND(hDlg,
-                                                       PageDialogWndProc,
-                                                       lpfnWndProc);
+            ComCtl32Util::GetInstance().UnsubclassHWND(hDlg, PageDialogWndProc);
             ::RemoveProp(hDlg, ModalDialogPeerProp);
-            ::RemoveProp(hDlg, NativeDialogWndProcProp);
             break;
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Window.h b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Window.h
index f1eacc35a5e..bae8f408a73 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Window.h
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_Window.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@
 // property name tagging windows disabled by modality
 static LPCTSTR ModalBlockerProp = TEXT("SunAwtModalBlockerProp");
 static LPCTSTR ModalDialogPeerProp = TEXT("SunAwtModalDialogPeerProp");
-static LPCTSTR NativeDialogWndProcProp = TEXT("SunAwtNativeDialogWndProcProp");
 
 #ifndef WH_MOUSE_LL
 #define WH_MOUSE_LL 14

From e1218165efa89bbb87ada53c1b201a3574034228 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yasumasa Suenaga <ysuenaga@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 29 Jul 2026 14:29:19 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 364/707] 8385136: SA cannot unwind the native frame which does
 not have DWARF

Reviewed-by: cjplummer, kevinw
---
 .../jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/DwarfCFrame.java  |  6 ++++++
 .../linux/aarch64/LinuxAARCH64CFrame.java        | 12 ++++++++++--
 .../debugger/linux/amd64/LinuxAMD64CFrame.java   | 16 ++++++++++++----
 3 files changed, 28 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/DwarfCFrame.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/DwarfCFrame.java
index bc789586388..886215e051e 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/DwarfCFrame.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/DwarfCFrame.java
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ public class DwarfCFrame extends BasicCFrame {
     private LinuxDebugger linuxDbg;
     private DwarfParser dwarf;
     private boolean use1ByteBeforeToLookup;
+    private boolean hasNativeLibrary;
 
     /**
      * @return DwarfParser instance for the PC, null if native library relates to the pc not found.
@@ -75,6 +76,7 @@ protected DwarfCFrame(LinuxDebugger linuxDbg, Address sp, Address fp, Address cf
         this.linuxDbg = linuxDbg;
         this.dwarf = dwarf;
         this.use1ByteBeforeToLookup = use1ByteBeforeToLookup;
+        this.hasNativeLibrary = linuxDbg.findLibPtrByAddress(pc) != null;
     }
 
     public Address sp() {
@@ -97,6 +99,10 @@ public DwarfParser dwarf() {
         return dwarf;
     }
 
+    public boolean hasNativeLibrary() {
+        return hasNativeLibrary;
+    }
+
     // override base class impl to avoid ELF parsing
     @Override
     public ClosestSymbol closestSymbolToPC() {
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/aarch64/LinuxAARCH64CFrame.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/aarch64/LinuxAARCH64CFrame.java
index fe05fd13dee..f3a1d2d80a2 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/aarch64/LinuxAARCH64CFrame.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/aarch64/LinuxAARCH64CFrame.java
@@ -135,6 +135,11 @@ public CFrame sender(ThreadProxy thread, Address senderSP, Address senderFP, Add
         return getFrameFromReg(linuxDbg(), r -> LinuxAARCH64ThreadContext.getRegFromSignalTrampoline(sp(), r.intValue()));
       }
 
+      if (hasNativeLibrary() && dwarf() == null) {
+        // Cannot find a sender frame if DWARF is missing even though PC in native library.
+        return null;
+      }
+
       if (senderPC == null) {
         // Use getSenderPC() if current frame is Java because we cannot rely on lr in this case.
         senderPC = dwarf() == null ? getSenderPC(null) : lr;
@@ -198,8 +203,11 @@ public CFrame sender(ThreadProxy thread, Address senderSP, Address senderFP, Add
             return new LinuxAARCH64CFrame(linuxDbg(), senderSP, senderFP, null, senderPC, senderDwarf);
           }
 
-          // We cannot unwind anymore without appropriate DWARF.
-          return null;
+          // Returns CFrame if the sender is native frame even though it does not have DWARF,
+          // otherwise returns null because we cannot unwind anymore.
+          return linuxDbg().findLibPtrByAddress(senderPC) != null
+            ? new LinuxAARCH64CFrame(linuxDbg(), senderSP, senderFP, null /* no CFA */, senderPC, null /* no DWARF */)
+            : null;
         }
       }
 
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/amd64/LinuxAMD64CFrame.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/amd64/LinuxAMD64CFrame.java
index c7cba470a04..ece221e9ef3 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/amd64/LinuxAMD64CFrame.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/linux/amd64/LinuxAMD64CFrame.java
@@ -87,6 +87,11 @@ public CFrame sender(ThreadProxy th, Address senderSP, Address senderFP, Address
        return getFrameFromReg(linuxDbg(), r -> LinuxAMD64ThreadContext.getRegFromSignalTrampoline(sp(), r.intValue()));
      }
 
+     if (hasNativeLibrary() && dwarf() == null) {
+       // Cannot find a sender frame if DWARF is missing even though PC in native library.
+       return null;
+     }
+
      senderSP = getSenderSP(senderSP);
      if (senderSP == null) {
        return null;
@@ -96,6 +101,8 @@ public CFrame sender(ThreadProxy th, Address senderSP, Address senderFP, Address
        return null;
      }
 
+     senderFP = getSenderFP(senderFP);
+
      DwarfParser senderDwarf = null;
      boolean fallback = false;
      try {
@@ -107,13 +114,14 @@ public CFrame sender(ThreadProxy th, Address senderSP, Address senderFP, Address
          senderDwarf = createDwarfParser(linuxDbg(), senderPC.addOffsetTo(-1));
          fallback = true;
        } catch (DebuggerException _) {
-         // We cannot unwind anymore without appropriate DWARF.
-         return null;
+         // Returns CFrame if the sender is native frame even though it does not have DWARF,
+         // otherwise returns null because we cannot unwind anymore.
+         return linuxDbg().findLibPtrByAddress(senderPC) != null
+           ? new LinuxAMD64CFrame(linuxDbg(), senderSP, senderFP, null /* no CFA */, senderPC, null /* no DWARF */)
+           : null;
        }
      }
 
-     senderFP = getSenderFP(senderFP);
-
      try {
        Address senderCFA = getSenderCFA(senderDwarf, senderSP, senderFP);
        return isValidFrame(senderCFA, senderFP)

From 4fab9a73f425f3e678d6d6621dbb5afbb1068407 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: by1361092 <by1361092@outlook.com>
Date: Thu, 30 Jul 2026 03:59:35 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 365/707] 8388698: Typo "docllint" instead of "doclint" in
 jdk.compiler  module-summary.html

Reviewed-by: jjg
---
 src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/module-info.java | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/module-info.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/module-info.java
index 4aa60a3dffe..c839f23cbf2 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/module-info.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/module-info.java
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@
  * </tbody>
  * </table>
  *
- * All of the non-{@code docllint:} strings listed above may also be used with the {@code -Xlint} command line flag.
+ * All of the non-{@code doclint:} strings listed above may also be used with the {@code -Xlint} command line flag.
  * The {@code -Xlint} flag also supports these strings not supported by {@code @SuppressWarnings}:
  *
  * <table class="striped">

From 94e1b11e7df1af1cfecc934fc2bb119ef3fec448 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: by1361092 <by1361092@outlook.com>
Date: Thu, 30 Jul 2026 05:43:08 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 366/707] 8388415: Typo "sufficent" (instead of "sufficient")
 in package-info.java of java.lang.classfile.attribute package

Reviewed-by: liach, amitkumar
---
 .../classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/package-info.java   | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/package-info.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/package-info.java
index 43bf1984a00..2525b8c6bc3 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/package-info.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/package-info.java
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
  * <h2 id="writing">Writing Attributes</h2>
  * Most attributes implement at least one of {@link ClassElement}, {@link FieldElement}, {@link MethodElement}, or
  * {@link CodeElement}, so they can be sent to the respective {@link ClassFileBuilder} to be written as part of those
- * structure.  Attributes define if they can {@linkplain AttributeMapper#allowMultiple() appear multiple times} in one
+ * structures.  Attributes define if they can {@linkplain AttributeMapper#allowMultiple() appear multiple times} in one
  * structure; if they cannot, the last attribute instance supplied to the builder is the one written to the final
  * structure.  Some attributes, such as {@link BootstrapMethodsAttribute}, implement none of those interfaces.  They are
  * created through other means, specified in the modeling interface for each of the attributes.  Attributes for a {@link
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@
  * <p>
  * The attribute factories generally have two sets of factory methods: one that accepts symbolic information
  * representing the uses, and another that accepts constant pool entries.  Most of time, the symbolic factories are
- * sufficent, but the constant pool entry ones can be used for fine-grained control over {@code class} file generation;
+ * sufficient, but the constant pool entry ones can be used for fine-grained control over {@code class} file generation;
  * see "{@linkplain java.lang.classfile.constantpool##writing Writing the constant pool entries}" for more details.
  * <p>
  * Many attributes can be bulk-copied if the data it depends on does not change; this information is exposed in {@link

From e04f4dd46fc3d8204cdd23befade4b47315319a3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Arno Zeller <azeller@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 30 Jul 2026 07:17:04 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 367/707] 8387324: jlink --strip-debug should filter external
 debug symbols

Reviewed-by: sgehwolf, dbalek, clanger
---
 .../plugins/DefaultStripDebugPlugin.java      | 61 +++++++++++-----
 .../plugins/DefaultStripDebugPluginTest.java  | 72 +++++++++++++++++--
 2 files changed, 108 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jlink/internal/plugins/DefaultStripDebugPlugin.java b/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jlink/internal/plugins/DefaultStripDebugPlugin.java
index b3644bdde85..283ca11decc 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jlink/internal/plugins/DefaultStripDebugPlugin.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jlink/internal/plugins/DefaultStripDebugPlugin.java
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 /*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2019, Red Hat, Inc.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -27,12 +28,13 @@
 
 import java.util.Map;
 
+import jdk.tools.jlink.internal.Platform;
 import jdk.tools.jlink.internal.PluginRepository;
 import jdk.tools.jlink.internal.ResourcePoolManager;
-import jdk.tools.jlink.internal.ResourcePoolManager.ResourcePoolImpl;
 import jdk.tools.jlink.plugin.Plugin;
 import jdk.tools.jlink.plugin.ResourcePool;
 import jdk.tools.jlink.plugin.ResourcePoolBuilder;
+import jdk.tools.jlink.plugin.ResourcePoolModule;
 
 /**
  * Combined debug stripping plugin: Java debug attributes and native debug
@@ -43,6 +45,7 @@ public final class DefaultStripDebugPlugin extends AbstractPlugin {
 
     private static final String STRIP_NATIVE_DEBUG_PLUGIN = "strip-native-debug-symbols";
     private static final String EXCLUDE_DEBUGINFO = "exclude-debuginfo-files";
+    private static final String EXCLUDE_FILES_PLUGIN = "exclude-files";
 
     private final Plugin javaStripPlugin;
     private final NativePluginFactory stripNativePluginFactory;
@@ -68,26 +71,46 @@ public void enableJavaStripPlugin(boolean enableJavaStripPlugin) {
     @Override
     public ResourcePool transform(ResourcePool in, ResourcePoolBuilder out) {
         Plugin stripNativePlugin = stripNativePluginFactory.create();
+
+        String pattern = debugFilePattern(in);
+        ExcludeFilesPlugin excludeFilesPlugin = new ExcludeFilesPlugin();
+        excludeFilesPlugin.configure(Map.of(EXCLUDE_FILES_PLUGIN, pattern));
+
+        ResourcePool result = in;
+        if (isJavaStripPluginEnabled) {
+            result = pipe(result, javaStripPlugin);
+        }
         if (stripNativePlugin != null) {
-            Map<String, String> stripNativeConfig = Map.of(
-                                     STRIP_NATIVE_DEBUG_PLUGIN, EXCLUDE_DEBUGINFO);
-            stripNativePlugin.configure(stripNativeConfig);
-
-            if (!isJavaStripPluginEnabled) {
-                return stripNativePlugin.transform(in, out);
-            }
-
-            ResourcePoolManager outRes =
-                                 new ResourcePoolManager(in.byteOrder(),
-                                                        ((ResourcePoolImpl)in).getStringTable());
-            ResourcePool strippedJava = javaStripPlugin.transform(in,
-                                                                  outRes.resourcePoolBuilder());
-            return stripNativePlugin.transform(strippedJava, out);
-        } else if (isJavaStripPluginEnabled) {
-            return javaStripPlugin.transform(in, out);
-        } else {
-            return in;
+            stripNativePlugin.configure(Map.of(STRIP_NATIVE_DEBUG_PLUGIN, EXCLUDE_DEBUGINFO));
+            result = pipe(result, stripNativePlugin);
+        }
+        return excludeFilesPlugin.transform(result, out);
+    }
+
+    // Returns the glob pattern for debug files matching the target platform.
+    // Mirrors the per-OS exclusion logic in make/CreateJmods.gmk.
+    private static String debugFilePattern(ResourcePool in) {
+        Platform platform;
+        try {
+            String tp = in.moduleView()
+                    .findModule("java.base")
+                    .map(ResourcePoolModule::targetPlatform)
+                    .orElse(null);
+            platform = tp != null ? Platform.parsePlatform(tp) : Platform.runtime();
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+            platform = Platform.runtime();
         }
+        return switch (platform.os()) {
+            case WINDOWS -> "**.pdb,**.map,**.diz";
+            case MACOS   -> "**.dSYM/**,**.diz";
+            default      -> "**.debuginfo,**.diz"; // Linux, AIX
+        };
+    }
+
+    private ResourcePool pipe(ResourcePool pool, Plugin plugin) {
+        ResourcePoolManager mgr = new ResourcePoolManager(
+                pool.byteOrder(), ((ResourcePoolManager.ResourcePoolImpl)pool).getStringTable());
+        return plugin.transform(pool, mgr.resourcePoolBuilder());
     }
 
     public interface NativePluginFactory {
diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/DefaultStripDebugPluginTest.java b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/DefaultStripDebugPluginTest.java
index 379b89adc9f..c0a08093a4a 100644
--- a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/DefaultStripDebugPluginTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/DefaultStripDebugPluginTest.java
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 /*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2019, Red Hat, Inc.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@
 
 import java.util.Map;
 
+import jdk.tools.jlink.internal.Platform;
 import jdk.tools.jlink.internal.ResourcePoolManager;
 import jdk.tools.jlink.internal.plugins.DefaultStripDebugPlugin;
 import jdk.tools.jlink.internal.plugins.DefaultStripDebugPlugin.NativePluginFactory;
@@ -51,12 +53,23 @@ public void testWithNativeStripPresent() {
         DefaultStripDebugPlugin plugin = new DefaultStripDebugPlugin(javaPlugin,
                                                                      nativeFactory);
         ResourcePoolManager inManager = new ResourcePoolManager();
+        inManager.add(ResourcePoolEntry.create(MockStripPlugin.DEBUGINFO_PATH,
+                ResourcePoolEntry.Type.NATIVE_LIB, new byte[]{0, 1, 2, 3}));
+        inManager.add(ResourcePoolEntry.create(MockStripPlugin.DIZ_PATH,
+                ResourcePoolEntry.Type.NATIVE_LIB, new byte[]{0, 1, 2, 3}));
+        ResourcePoolManager outManager = new ResourcePoolManager();
         ResourcePool pool = plugin.transform(inManager.resourcePool(),
-                                             inManager.resourcePoolBuilder());
+                                             outManager.resourcePoolBuilder());
         if (!pool.findEntry(MockStripPlugin.JAVA_PATH).isPresent() ||
             !pool.findEntry(MockStripPlugin.NATIVE_PATH).isPresent()) {
             throw new AssertionError("Expected both native and java to get called");
         }
+        if (pool.findEntry(MockStripPlugin.DEBUGINFO_PATH).isPresent()) {
+            throw new AssertionError(".debuginfo file should have been excluded");
+        }
+        if (pool.findEntry(MockStripPlugin.DIZ_PATH).isPresent()) {
+            throw new AssertionError(".diz file should have been excluded");
+        }
     }
 
     public void testNoNativeStripPluginPresent() {
@@ -66,11 +79,22 @@ public void testNoNativeStripPluginPresent() {
         DefaultStripDebugPlugin plugin = new DefaultStripDebugPlugin(javaPlugin,
                                                                      nativeFactory);
         ResourcePoolManager inManager = new ResourcePoolManager();
+        inManager.add(ResourcePoolEntry.create(MockStripPlugin.DEBUGINFO_PATH,
+                ResourcePoolEntry.Type.NATIVE_LIB, new byte[]{0, 1, 2, 3}));
+        inManager.add(ResourcePoolEntry.create(MockStripPlugin.DIZ_PATH,
+                ResourcePoolEntry.Type.NATIVE_LIB, new byte[]{0, 1, 2, 3}));
+        ResourcePoolManager outManager = new ResourcePoolManager();
         ResourcePool pool = plugin.transform(inManager.resourcePool(),
-                                             inManager.resourcePoolBuilder());
+                                             outManager.resourcePoolBuilder());
         if (!pool.findEntry(MockStripPlugin.JAVA_PATH).isPresent()) {
             throw new AssertionError("Expected java strip plugin to get called");
         }
+        if (pool.findEntry(MockStripPlugin.DEBUGINFO_PATH).isPresent()) {
+            throw new AssertionError(".debuginfo file should have been excluded");
+        }
+        if (pool.findEntry(MockStripPlugin.DIZ_PATH).isPresent()) {
+            throw new AssertionError(".diz file should have been excluded");
+        }
     }
 
     // Disable embedded strip Java plugin, with native plugin present.
@@ -84,12 +108,23 @@ public void testOnlyNativePlugin() {
         plugin.enableJavaStripPlugin(false);
 
         ResourcePoolManager inManager = new ResourcePoolManager();
+        inManager.add(ResourcePoolEntry.create(MockStripPlugin.DEBUGINFO_PATH,
+                ResourcePoolEntry.Type.NATIVE_LIB, new byte[]{0, 1, 2, 3}));
+        inManager.add(ResourcePoolEntry.create(MockStripPlugin.DIZ_PATH,
+                ResourcePoolEntry.Type.NATIVE_LIB, new byte[]{0, 1, 2, 3}));
+        ResourcePoolManager outManager = new ResourcePoolManager();
         ResourcePool pool = plugin.transform(inManager.resourcePool(),
-                                             inManager.resourcePoolBuilder());
+                                             outManager.resourcePoolBuilder());
         if (pool.findEntry(MockStripPlugin.JAVA_PATH).isPresent() ||
             !pool.findEntry(MockStripPlugin.NATIVE_PATH).isPresent()) {
             throw new AssertionError("Expected only native to get called");
         }
+        if (pool.findEntry(MockStripPlugin.DEBUGINFO_PATH).isPresent()) {
+            throw new AssertionError(".debuginfo file should have been excluded");
+        }
+        if (pool.findEntry(MockStripPlugin.DIZ_PATH).isPresent()) {
+            throw new AssertionError(".diz file should have been excluded");
+        }
     }
 
     // Disable embedded strip Java plugin, and without native plugin present.
@@ -101,12 +136,23 @@ public void testNoOperation() {
                                                                      nativeFactory);
         plugin.enableJavaStripPlugin(false);
         ResourcePoolManager inManager = new ResourcePoolManager();
+        inManager.add(ResourcePoolEntry.create(MockStripPlugin.DEBUGINFO_PATH,
+                ResourcePoolEntry.Type.NATIVE_LIB, new byte[]{0, 1, 2, 3}));
+        inManager.add(ResourcePoolEntry.create(MockStripPlugin.DIZ_PATH,
+                ResourcePoolEntry.Type.NATIVE_LIB, new byte[]{0, 1, 2, 3}));
+        ResourcePoolManager outManager = new ResourcePoolManager();
         ResourcePool pool = plugin.transform(inManager.resourcePool(),
-                                             inManager.resourcePoolBuilder());
+                                             outManager.resourcePoolBuilder());
         if (pool.findEntry(MockStripPlugin.JAVA_PATH).isPresent() ||
             pool.findEntry(MockStripPlugin.NATIVE_PATH).isPresent()) {
             throw new AssertionError("Expected both native and java not called");
         }
+        if (pool.findEntry(MockStripPlugin.DEBUGINFO_PATH).isPresent()) {
+            throw new AssertionError(".debuginfo file should have been excluded");
+        }
+        if (pool.findEntry(MockStripPlugin.DIZ_PATH).isPresent()) {
+            throw new AssertionError(".diz file should have been excluded");
+        }
     }
 
     public static void main(String[] args) {
@@ -121,10 +167,25 @@ public static class MockStripPlugin implements Plugin {
 
         private static final String NATIVE_PATH = "/foo/lib/test.so.debug";
         private static final String JAVA_PATH = "/foo/TestClass.class";
+        // Platform-appropriate debug file paths, matching the patterns chosen by
+        // DefaultStripDebugPlugin.debugFilePattern() for the runtime platform.
+        static final String DEBUGINFO_PATH = platformDebugPath();
+        static final String DIZ_PATH = "/foo/lib/libfoo.diz";
         private static final String STRIP_NATIVE_NAME = "strip-native-debug-symbols";
         private static final String OMIT_ARG = "exclude-debuginfo-files";
         private final boolean isNative;
 
+        private static String platformDebugPath() {
+            String platform = Platform.runtime().toString();
+            if (platform.startsWith("windows")) {
+                return "/foo/bin/libfoo.pdb";
+            } else if (platform.startsWith("macos")) {
+                return "/foo/lib/libfoo.dylib.dSYM/Contents/Resources/DWARF/libfoo.dylib";
+            } else {
+                return "/foo/lib/libfoo.so.debuginfo";
+            }
+        }
+
         MockStripPlugin(boolean isNative) {
             this.isNative = isNative;
         }
@@ -153,8 +214,7 @@ public ResourcePool transform(ResourcePool in,
                 resPath = NATIVE_PATH;
                 type = Type.NATIVE_LIB;
             }
-            ResourcePoolEntry entry = createMockEntry(resPath, type);
-            out.add(entry);
+            out.add(createMockEntry(resPath, type));
             return out.build();
         }
 

From a3dff658bbd39aea97ef60508a35bc420dee698d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Arno Zeller <azeller@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 30 Jul 2026 07:19:19 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 368/707] 8375623: Excessive disk space usage of jpackage and
 jlink tests in debug builds after JDK-8373246

Reviewed-by: clanger
---
 .../tools/jlink/JLinkReproducible2Test.java   | 10 ++++-
 .../tools/jlink/JLinkReproducible3Test.java   | 44 +++++++++----------
 test/jdk/tools/jlink/JLinkTest.java           | 41 ++++++++++++-----
 .../plugins/ExcludeJmodSectionPluginTest.java | 40 +++++++----------
 .../plugins/GenerateJLIClassesPluginTest.java | 25 ++++++++---
 .../plugins/IncludeLocalesPluginTest.java     | 24 ++++++++--
 .../jlink/plugins/LegalFilePluginTest.java    | 40 +++++++----------
 .../UserModuleTest.java                       | 33 +++++++++++---
 .../AbstractLinkableRuntimeTest.java          | 14 +++++-
 9 files changed, 174 insertions(+), 97 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/JLinkReproducible2Test.java b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/JLinkReproducible2Test.java
index 4723bd0eb8f..56593147bfc 100644
--- a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/JLinkReproducible2Test.java
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/JLinkReproducible2Test.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@
 import java.nio.file.Paths;
 import java.util.spi.ToolProvider;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.util.FileUtils;
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @summary Make sure that jimages are consistent when created by jlink.
@@ -35,6 +37,8 @@
  *          jdk.management
  *          jdk.unsupported
  *          jdk.charsets
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @build jdk.test.lib.util.FileUtils
  * @run main JLinkReproducible2Test
  */
 public class JLinkReproducible2Test {
@@ -54,6 +58,10 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             throw new RuntimeException("jlink producing inconsistent result");
         }
 
+        // Free disk space before creating the next pair of images.
+        FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(image1);
+        FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(image2);
+
         Path image3 = Paths.get("./image3");
         Path image4 = Paths.get("./image4");
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/JLinkReproducible3Test.java b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/JLinkReproducible3Test.java
index 6d37cff4ee4..841fe1fcbb4 100644
--- a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/JLinkReproducible3Test.java
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/JLinkReproducible3Test.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  */
 
 import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+import jdk.test.lib.util.FileUtils;
 
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@
  *          jdk.unsupported
  *          jdk.charsets
  * @library /test/lib
+ * @build jdk.test.lib.util.FileUtils
  * @run main JLinkReproducible3Test
  */
 public class JLinkReproducible3Test {
@@ -48,33 +50,17 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         Path image1 = Paths.get("./image1");
         Path image2 = Paths.get("./image2");
 
-        Path copyJdk1Dir = Path.of("./copy-jdk1-tmpdir");
-        Files.createDirectory(copyJdk1Dir);
-
-        Path copyJdk2Dir = Path.of("./copy-jdk2-tmpdir");
-        Files.createDirectory(copyJdk2Dir);
-
         Path jdkTestDir = Path.of(
                 Optional.of(
                         System.getProperty("test.jdk"))
                         .orElseThrow(() -> new RuntimeException("Couldn't load JDK Test Dir"))
         );
 
-        copyJDK(jdkTestDir, copyJdk1Dir);
-        copyJDK(jdkTestDir, copyJdk2Dir);
-
-        Path copiedJlink1 = Optional.of(
-                Paths.get(copyJdk1Dir.toString(), "bin", "jlink"))
-                .orElseThrow(() -> new RuntimeException("Unable to load copied jlink")
-                );
-
-        Path copiedJlink2 = Optional.of(
-                Paths.get(copyJdk2Dir.toString(), "bin", "jlink"))
-                .orElseThrow(() -> new RuntimeException("Unable to load copied jlink")
-                );
-
-        runCopiedJlink(copiedJlink1.toString(), "--add-modules", "java.base,jdk.management,jdk.unsupported,jdk.charsets", "--output", image1.toString());
-        runCopiedJlink(copiedJlink2.toString(), "--add-modules", "java.base,jdk.management,jdk.unsupported,jdk.charsets", "--output", image2.toString());
+        // Link each image from its own copy of the JDK placed at a distinct
+        // location. Copy, link, then delete the copy before creating the next
+        // one so that at most one JDK copy exists on disk at a time.
+        linkFromCopy(jdkTestDir, Path.of("./copy-jdk1-tmpdir"), image1);
+        linkFromCopy(jdkTestDir, Path.of("./copy-jdk2-tmpdir"), image2);
 
         long mismatch = Files.mismatch(image1.resolve("lib").resolve("modules"), image2.resolve("lib").resolve("modules"));
         if (mismatch != -1L) {
@@ -82,6 +68,20 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         }
     }
 
+    private static void linkFromCopy(Path jdkTestDir, Path copyJdkDir, Path image) throws Exception {
+        Files.createDirectory(copyJdkDir);
+        copyJDK(jdkTestDir, copyJdkDir);
+
+        Path copiedJlink = Paths.get(copyJdkDir.toString(), "bin", "jlink");
+        runCopiedJlink(copiedJlink.toString(), "--add-modules",
+                "java.base,jdk.management,jdk.unsupported,jdk.charsets",
+                "--output", image.toString());
+
+        // The copied JDK was only needed to run jlink; free the disk space
+        // before creating the next copy.
+        FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(copyJdkDir);
+    }
+
     private static void runCopiedJlink(String... args) throws Exception {
         var process = new ProcessBuilder(args);
         var res = ProcessTools.executeProcess(process);
diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/JLinkTest.java b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/JLinkTest.java
index 1d84caaa147..721870b3b9b 100644
--- a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/JLinkTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/JLinkTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 
 import jdk.tools.jlink.internal.PluginRepository;
 import jdk.tools.jlink.plugin.Plugin;
+import jdk.test.lib.util.FileUtils;
 import tests.Helper;
 import tests.JImageGenerator;
 
@@ -45,13 +46,14 @@
  * @bug 8189777 8194922 8206962 8240349 8163382 8165735 8166810 8173717 8321139
  * @author Jean-Francois Denise
  * @requires (vm.compMode != "Xcomp" & os.maxMemory >= 2g)
- * @library ../lib
+ * @library ../lib /test/lib
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.jimage
  *          jdk.jlink/jdk.tools.jlink.internal
  *          jdk.jlink/jdk.tools.jlink.plugin
  *          jdk.jlink/jdk.tools.jimage
  *          jdk.compiler
  * @build tests.*
+ * @build jdk.test.lib.util.FileUtils
  * @run main/othervm/timeout=480 -Xmx1g JLinkTest
  */
 public class JLinkTest {
@@ -110,10 +112,12 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
              // No --module-path specified. $JAVA_HOME/jmods should be assumed.
              // The following should succeed as it uses only system modules.
              String imageDir = "bug818977-no-modulepath";
+             Path image = helper.createNewImageDir(imageDir);
              JImageGenerator.getJLinkTask()
-                     .output(helper.createNewImageDir(imageDir))
+                     .output(image)
                      .addMods("jdk.jshell")
                      .call().assertSuccess();
+             FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(image);
         }
 
         {
@@ -121,11 +125,13 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
              // $JAVA_HOME/jmods should be added automatically.
              // The following should succeed as it uses only system modules.
              String imageDir = "bug8189777-invalid-modulepath";
+             Path image = helper.createNewImageDir(imageDir);
              JImageGenerator.getJLinkTask()
                      .modulePath("does_not_exist_path")
-                     .output(helper.createNewImageDir(imageDir))
+                     .output(image)
                      .addMods("jdk.jshell")
                      .call().assertSuccess();
+             FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(image);
         }
 
         {
@@ -139,11 +145,13 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
 
         {
             String moduleName = "bug8134651";
+            Path image1 = helper.createNewImageDir(moduleName);
             JImageGenerator.getJLinkTask()
                     .modulePath(helper.defaultModulePath())
-                    .output(helper.createNewImageDir(moduleName))
+                    .output(image1)
                     .addMods("leaf1")
                     .call().assertSuccess();
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(image1);
             JImageGenerator.getJLinkTask()
                     .modulePath(helper.defaultModulePath())
                     .addMods("leaf1")
@@ -155,11 +163,13 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
                     .addMods("leaf1")
                     .call().assertFailure("Error: no value given for --module-path");
             // do not include standard module path - should be added automatically
+            Path image2 = helper.createNewImageDir(moduleName);
             JImageGenerator.getJLinkTask()
                     .modulePath(helper.defaultModulePath(false))
-                    .output(helper.createNewImageDir(moduleName))
+                    .output(image2)
                     .addMods("leaf1")
                     .call().assertSuccess();
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(image2);
             // no --module-path. default sys mod path is assumed - but that won't contain 'leaf1' module
             JImageGenerator.getJLinkTask()
                     .output(helper.createNewImageDir(moduleName))
@@ -170,18 +180,22 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         {
             String moduleName = "m"; // 8163382
             Path jmod = helper.generateDefaultJModule(moduleName).assertSuccess();
+            Path imageM = helper.createNewImageDir(moduleName);
             JImageGenerator.getJLinkTask()
                     .modulePath(helper.defaultModulePath())
-                    .output(helper.createNewImageDir(moduleName))
+                    .output(imageM)
                     .addMods("m")
                     .call().assertSuccess();
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(imageM);
             moduleName = "mod";
             jmod = helper.generateDefaultJModule(moduleName).assertSuccess();
+            Path imageMod = helper.createNewImageDir(moduleName);
             JImageGenerator.getJLinkTask()
                     .modulePath(helper.defaultModulePath())
-                    .output(helper.createNewImageDir(moduleName))
+                    .output(imageMod)
                     .addMods("m")
                     .call().assertSuccess();
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(imageMod);
         }
 
         {
@@ -196,13 +210,15 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
                     // second --module-path does not have that module
                     .call().assertFailure("Error: Module m_8165735 not found");
 
+            Path imageRepeatedPath = helper.createNewImageDir(moduleName);
             JImageGenerator.getJLinkTask()
                     .modulePath(".") // first --module-path overridden later
                     .repeatedModulePath(helper.defaultModulePath())
-                    .output(helper.createNewImageDir(moduleName))
+                    .output(imageRepeatedPath)
                     .addMods(moduleName)
                     // second --module-path has that module
                     .call().assertSuccess();
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(imageRepeatedPath);
 
             JImageGenerator.getJLinkTask()
                     .modulePath(helper.defaultModulePath())
@@ -212,13 +228,15 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
                     .addMods(moduleName)
                     .call().assertFailure("Error: Module m_8165735dependency not found, required by m_8165735");
 
+            Path imageRepeatedLimit = helper.createNewImageDir(moduleName);
             JImageGenerator.getJLinkTask()
                     .modulePath(helper.defaultModulePath())
-                    .output(helper.createNewImageDir(moduleName))
+                    .output(imageRepeatedLimit)
                     .limitMods("java.base")
                     .repeatedLimitMods(moduleName) // second --limit-modules overrides first
                     .addMods(moduleName)
                     .call().assertSuccess();
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(imageRepeatedLimit);
         }
 
         {
@@ -269,6 +287,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             String[] files = {Helper.getDebugSymbolsExtension()};
             Path imageDir = helper.generateDefaultImage(userOptions, moduleName).assertSuccess();
             helper.checkImage(imageDir, moduleName, res, files);
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(imageDir);
         }
 
         // filter out + Skip debug + compress with filter + sort resources
@@ -282,6 +301,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             String[] res = {".jcov", "/META-INF/"};
             Path imageDir = helper.generateDefaultImage(userOptions2, moduleName).assertSuccess();
             helper.checkImage(imageDir, moduleName, res, null);
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(imageDir);
         }
 
         // module-info.class should not be excluded
@@ -439,5 +459,6 @@ private static void testCompress(Helper helper, String moduleName, String... use
         helper.generateDefaultJModule(moduleName, "composite2");
         Path imageDir = helper.generateDefaultImage(userOptions, moduleName).assertSuccess();
         helper.checkImage(imageDir, moduleName, null, null);
+        FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(imageDir);
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/ExcludeJmodSectionPluginTest.java b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/ExcludeJmodSectionPluginTest.java
index ac40cda036c..1ee00d12218 100644
--- a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/ExcludeJmodSectionPluginTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/ExcludeJmodSectionPluginTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
  * @modules jdk.compiler
  *          jdk.jlink
  * @build jdk.test.lib.compiler.CompilerUtils
+ * @build jdk.test.lib.util.FileUtils
  * @run testng ExcludeJmodSectionPluginTest
  */
 
@@ -35,12 +36,9 @@
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
-import java.nio.file.FileVisitResult;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.nio.file.Paths;
-import java.nio.file.SimpleFileVisitor;
-import java.nio.file.attribute.BasicFileAttributes;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -49,7 +47,10 @@
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 import java.util.stream.Stream;
 import jdk.test.lib.compiler.CompilerUtils;
+import jdk.test.lib.util.FileUtils;
 
+import org.testng.ITestResult;
+import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
 import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
 import org.testng.annotations.Test;
@@ -75,6 +76,8 @@ public class ExcludeJmodSectionPluginTest {
     static final Path INCLUDE_DIR = Paths.get("include");
     static final Path IMAGES_DIR = Paths.get("images");
 
+    private Path lastImageDir;
+
     @BeforeTest
     private void setup() throws Exception {
         // build jmod files
@@ -209,12 +212,13 @@ public void testJavaBase() {
 
     private Path createImage(String outputDir, List<String> options,
                              List<String> expectedFiles) {
+        lastImageDir = IMAGES_DIR.resolve(outputDir);
         System.out.println("jlink " + options.toString());
         int rc = JLINK_TOOL.run(System.out, System.out,
                                 options.toArray(new String[0]));
         assertTrue(rc == 0);
 
-        Path d = IMAGES_DIR.resolve(outputDir);
+        Path d = lastImageDir;
         for (String fn : expectedFiles) {
             Path path = d.resolve(fn);
             if (Files.notExists(path)) {
@@ -224,24 +228,12 @@ private Path createImage(String outputDir, List<String> options,
         return d;
     }
 
-    private void deleteDirectory(Path dir) throws IOException {
-        Files.walkFileTree(dir, new SimpleFileVisitor<Path>() {
-            @Override
-            public FileVisitResult visitFile(Path file, BasicFileAttributes attrs)
-                throws IOException
-            {
-                Files.delete(file);
-                return FileVisitResult.CONTINUE;
-            }
-
-            @Override
-            public FileVisitResult postVisitDirectory(Path dir, IOException exc)
-                throws IOException
-            {
-                Files.delete(dir);
-                return FileVisitResult.CONTINUE;
-            }
-        });
+    @AfterMethod
+    public void cleanup(ITestResult result) throws IOException {
+        if (result.isSuccess() && lastImageDir != null && Files.exists(lastImageDir)) {
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(lastImageDir);
+        }
+        lastImageDir = null;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -258,7 +250,7 @@ class JmodFileBuilder {
 
             Path msrc = SRC_DIR.resolve(name);
             if (Files.exists(msrc)) {
-                deleteDirectory(msrc);
+                FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(msrc);
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/GenerateJLIClassesPluginTest.java b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/GenerateJLIClassesPluginTest.java
index 998444b9a77..06e2c7b52f0 100644
--- a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/GenerateJLIClassesPluginTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/GenerateJLIClassesPluginTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -34,10 +34,13 @@
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
+import org.testng.ITestResult;
 import org.testng.Assert;
+import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
 import org.testng.annotations.Test;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.util.FileUtils;
 import jdk.tools.jlink.internal.LinkableRuntimeImage;
 import tests.Helper;
 import tests.JImageGenerator;
@@ -48,7 +51,7 @@
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8252919 8327499
- * @library ../../lib
+ * @library ../../lib /test/lib
  * @summary Test --generate-jli-classes plugin
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.jimage
  *          jdk.jlink/jdk.tools.jlink.internal
@@ -56,11 +59,13 @@
  *          jdk.jlink/jdk.tools.jmod
  *          jdk.jlink/jdk.tools.jimage
  * @build tests.*
+ * @build jdk.test.lib.util.FileUtils
  * @run testng/othervm GenerateJLIClassesPluginTest
  */
 public class GenerateJLIClassesPluginTest {
 
     private static Helper helper;
+    private static Path lastImageDir;
 
     @BeforeTest
     public static void setup() throws Exception {
@@ -80,6 +85,14 @@ public static void setup() throws Exception {
         }
     }
 
+    @AfterMethod
+    public static void cleanup(ITestResult result) throws IOException {
+        if (result.isSuccess() && lastImageDir != null && Files.exists(lastImageDir)) {
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(lastImageDir);
+        }
+        lastImageDir = null;
+    }
+
     @Test
     public static void testSpecies()  throws IOException {
         // Check that --generate-jli-classes=@file works as intended
@@ -88,7 +101,7 @@ public static void testSpecies()  throws IOException {
         String fileString = "[SPECIES_RESOLVE] java.lang.invoke.BoundMethodHandle$Species_" + species + " (salvaged)\n";
         Files.write(baseFile, fileString.getBytes(Charset.defaultCharset()));
         Result result = JImageGenerator.getJLinkTask()
-                .output(helper.createNewImageDir("generate-jli-file"))
+                .output(lastImageDir = helper.createNewImageDir("generate-jli-file"))
                 .option("--generate-jli-classes=@" + baseFile.toString())
                 .addMods("java.base")
                 .call();
@@ -113,7 +126,7 @@ public static void testInvalidSignatures() throws IOException {
             fileString = "[LF_RESOLVE] java.lang.invoke.DirectMethodHandle$Holder invokeVirtual L_L (success)\n";
             Files.write(failFile, fileString.getBytes(Charset.defaultCharset()));
             Result result = JImageGenerator.getJLinkTask()
-                    .output(helper.createNewImageDir("invalid-signature"))
+                    .output(lastImageDir = helper.createNewImageDir("invalid-signature"))
                     .option("--generate-jli-classes=@" + failFile.toString())
                     .addMods("java.base")
                     .call();
@@ -125,7 +138,7 @@ public static void testInvalidSignatures() throws IOException {
     @Test
     public static void nonExistentTraceFile() throws IOException {
         Result result = JImageGenerator.getJLinkTask()
-                .output(helper.createNewImageDir("non-existent-tracefile"))
+                .output(lastImageDir = helper.createNewImageDir("non-existent-tracefile"))
                 .option("--generate-jli-classes=@NON_EXISTENT_FILE")
                 .addMods("java.base")
                 .call();
@@ -140,7 +153,7 @@ public static void testInvokers() throws IOException {
         Path invokersTrace = Files.createTempFile("invokers", "trace");
         Files.writeString(invokersTrace, fileString, Charset.defaultCharset());
         Result result = JImageGenerator.getJLinkTask()
-                .output(helper.createNewImageDir("jli-invokers"))
+                .output(lastImageDir = helper.createNewImageDir("jli-invokers"))
                 .option("--generate-jli-classes=@" + invokersTrace.toString())
                 .addMods("java.base")
                 .call();
diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/IncludeLocalesPluginTest.java b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/IncludeLocalesPluginTest.java
index 5551d54a1ea..da0df46e73b 100644
--- a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/IncludeLocalesPluginTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/IncludeLocalesPluginTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  */
 
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
@@ -35,11 +36,13 @@
 import jdk.tools.jlink.internal.plugins.PluginsResourceBundle;
 import jdk.tools.jlink.plugin.PluginException;
 import jdk.test.lib.Platform;
+import jdk.test.lib.util.FileUtils;
 import tests.Helper;
 import tests.JImageGenerator;
 import tests.JImageValidator;
 import tests.Result;
 
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
@@ -67,6 +70,7 @@
  *          jdk.compiler
  * @build tests.*
  * @build jdk.test.lib.Platform
+ * @build jdk.test.lib.util.FileUtils
  * @build tools.jlink.plugins.GetAvailableLocales
  * @run junit/othervm/timeout=720 -Xmx1g IncludeLocalesPluginTest
  */
@@ -75,6 +79,8 @@ public class IncludeLocalesPluginTest {
 
     private static final String MODULE_NAME = "IncludeLocalesTest";
     private static Helper helper;
+    private Path lastImageDir;
+    private boolean testPassed;
 
     // Test data should include:
     //  - --include-locales command line option
@@ -422,18 +428,22 @@ public static void setup() throws IOException {
     @MethodSource("testData")
     public void launch(String optIncludeLocales, String optAddModules, List<String> requiredRes,
                        List<String> shouldNotExistRes, List<String> availableLocs, String errorMsg) throws Exception {
+        testPassed = false;
         // create image for each test data
         Result result;
+        lastImageDir = helper.createNewImageDir(MODULE_NAME);
         if (optIncludeLocales.isEmpty()) {
             System.out.println("Invoking jlink with no --include-locales option");
             result = JImageGenerator.getJLinkTask()
-                .output(helper.createNewImageDir(MODULE_NAME))
+                .output(lastImageDir)
+                .option("--strip-debug")
                 .addMods(optAddModules)
                 .call();
         } else {
             System.out.println("Invoking jlink with \"" + optIncludeLocales + "\"");
             result = JImageGenerator.getJLinkTask()
-                .output(helper.createNewImageDir(MODULE_NAME))
+                .output(lastImageDir)
+                .option("--strip-debug")
                 .addMods(optAddModules)
                 .option(optIncludeLocales)
                 .call();
@@ -452,6 +462,14 @@ public void launch(String optIncludeLocales, String optAddModules, List<String>
                 .getMessage("error.prefix") + " " +errorMsg);
             System.out.println("\tExpected failure: " + result.getMessage());
         }
+        testPassed = true;
+    }
+
+    @AfterEach
+    public void cleanup() throws IOException {
+        if (testPassed && lastImageDir != null && Files.exists(lastImageDir)) {
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(lastImageDir);
+        }
     }
 
     private static void testLocaleDataEntries(Path image, List<String> expectedLocations,
diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/LegalFilePluginTest.java b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/LegalFilePluginTest.java
index 3647e0fb27b..07dd1d514be 100644
--- a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/LegalFilePluginTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/LegalFilePluginTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
  * @modules jdk.compiler
  *          jdk.jlink
  * @build jdk.test.lib.compiler.CompilerUtils
+ * @build jdk.test.lib.util.FileUtils
  * @run testng LegalFilePluginTest
  */
 
@@ -38,12 +39,9 @@
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
 import java.io.StringWriter;
 import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
-import java.nio.file.FileVisitResult;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.nio.file.Paths;
-import java.nio.file.SimpleFileVisitor;
-import java.nio.file.attribute.BasicFileAttributes;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.HashSet;
@@ -54,7 +52,10 @@
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 import java.util.stream.Stream;
 import jdk.test.lib.compiler.CompilerUtils;
+import jdk.test.lib.util.FileUtils;
 
+import org.testng.ITestResult;
+import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
 import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
 import org.testng.annotations.Test;
@@ -79,6 +80,8 @@ public class LegalFilePluginTest {
     static final Path LEGAL_DIR = Paths.get("legal");
     static final Path IMAGES_DIR = Paths.get("images");
 
+    private Path lastImageDir;
+
     static final Map<List<String>, Map<String,String>> LICENSES = Map.of(
         // Key is module name and requires
         // Value is a map of filename to the file content
@@ -259,32 +262,21 @@ private void compareFileContent(Path file, String content) {
     }
 
     private Path createImage(String outputDir, List<String> options) {
+        lastImageDir = IMAGES_DIR.resolve(outputDir);
         System.out.println("jlink " + options.stream().collect(Collectors.joining(" ")));
         int rc = JLINK_TOOL.run(System.out, System.out,
                                 options.toArray(new String[0]));
         assertTrue(rc == 0);
 
-        return IMAGES_DIR.resolve(outputDir);
+        return lastImageDir;
     }
 
-    private void deleteDirectory(Path dir) throws IOException {
-        Files.walkFileTree(dir, new SimpleFileVisitor<Path>() {
-            @Override
-            public FileVisitResult visitFile(Path file, BasicFileAttributes attrs)
-                throws IOException
-            {
-                Files.delete(file);
-                return FileVisitResult.CONTINUE;
-            }
-
-            @Override
-            public FileVisitResult postVisitDirectory(Path dir, IOException exc)
-                throws IOException
-            {
-                Files.delete(dir);
-                return FileVisitResult.CONTINUE;
-            }
-        });
+    @AfterMethod
+    public void cleanup(ITestResult result) throws IOException {
+        if (result.isSuccess() && lastImageDir != null && Files.exists(lastImageDir)) {
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(lastImageDir);
+        }
+        lastImageDir = null;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -301,7 +293,7 @@ class JmodFileBuilder {
 
             Path msrc = SRC_DIR.resolve(name);
             if (Files.exists(msrc)) {
-                deleteDirectory(msrc);
+                FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(msrc);
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/SystemModuleDescriptors/UserModuleTest.java b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/SystemModuleDescriptors/UserModuleTest.java
index b7c9a59bd65..6d7e4df7fab 100644
--- a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/SystemModuleDescriptors/UserModuleTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/SystemModuleDescriptors/UserModuleTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -37,6 +37,9 @@
 
 import static jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools.*;
 
+import org.testng.ITestResult;
+import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
+import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;
 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
 import org.testng.annotations.Test;
 import static org.testng.Assert.*;
@@ -68,6 +71,8 @@ public class UserModuleTest {
     // the names of the modules in this test
     private static String[] modules = new String[] {"m1", "m2", "m3", "m4", "m5"};
 
+    private Path lastPerTestImageDir;
+
 
     private static boolean hasJmods() {
         if (!Files.exists(Paths.get(JAVA_HOME, "jmods"))) {
@@ -100,6 +105,22 @@ public void compileAll() throws Throwable {
         createJmods("m1", "m4");
     }
 
+    @AfterMethod
+    public void cleanupPerTestImage(ITestResult result) throws IOException {
+        if (result.isSuccess() && lastPerTestImageDir != null
+                && Files.exists(lastPerTestImageDir)) {
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(lastPerTestImageDir);
+        }
+        lastPerTestImageDir = null;
+    }
+
+    @AfterTest(alwaysRun = true)
+    public void cleanupSharedImage() throws IOException {
+        if (Files.exists(IMAGE)) {
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(IMAGE);
+        }
+    }
+
     /*
      * Test the image created when linking with a module with
      * no Packages attribute
@@ -157,7 +178,7 @@ public void disableSystemModules() throws Throwable {
     public void testDedupSet() throws Throwable {
         if (!hasJmods()) return;
 
-        Path dir = Paths.get("dedupSetTest");
+        Path dir = lastPerTestImageDir = Paths.get("dedupSetTest");
         createImage(dir, "m1", "m2", "m3", "m4");
         Path java = dir.resolve("bin").resolve("java");
         assertTrue(executeProcess(java.toString(),
@@ -172,7 +193,7 @@ public void testDedupSet() throws Throwable {
     public void testRequiresStatic() throws Throwable {
         if (!hasJmods()) return;
 
-        Path dir = Paths.get("requiresStatic");
+        Path dir = lastPerTestImageDir = Paths.get("requiresStatic");
         createImage(dir, "m5");
         Path java = dir.resolve("bin").resolve("java");
         assertTrue(executeProcess(java.toString(), "-m", "m5/p5.Main")
@@ -194,7 +215,7 @@ public void testRequiresStatic() throws Throwable {
     public void testRequiresStatic2() throws Throwable {
         if (!hasJmods()) return;
 
-        Path dir = Paths.get("requiresStatic2");
+        Path dir = lastPerTestImageDir = Paths.get("requiresStatic2");
         createImage(dir, "m3", "m5");
 
         Path java = dir.resolve("bin").resolve("java");
@@ -242,7 +263,7 @@ public void testModulePackagesAttribute() throws Throwable {
         if (!hasJmods()) return;
 
         // create an image using JMOD files
-        Path dir = Paths.get("packagesTest");
+        Path dir = lastPerTestImageDir = Paths.get("packagesTest");
         String mp = Paths.get(JAVA_HOME, "jmods").toString() +
             File.pathSeparator + JMODS_DIR.toString();
 
@@ -271,7 +292,7 @@ public void testRetainModuleTarget() throws Throwable {
         if (!hasJmods()) return;
 
         // create an image using JMOD files
-        Path dir = Paths.get("retainModuleTargetTest");
+        Path dir = lastPerTestImageDir = Paths.get("retainModuleTargetTest");
         String mp = Paths.get(JAVA_HOME, "jmods").toString() +
             File.pathSeparator + JMODS_DIR.toString();
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/runtimeImage/AbstractLinkableRuntimeTest.java b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/runtimeImage/AbstractLinkableRuntimeTest.java
index 1df4455bc7d..9414508769b 100644
--- a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/runtimeImage/AbstractLinkableRuntimeTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/runtimeImage/AbstractLinkableRuntimeTest.java
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 /*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2024, Red Hat, Inc.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@
 
 import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
 import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+import jdk.test.lib.util.FileUtils;
 import jdk.tools.jlink.internal.LinkableRuntimeImage;
 import tests.Helper;
 import tests.JImageGenerator;
@@ -141,7 +143,11 @@ protected Path createJavaImageRuntimeLink(BaseJlinkSpec baseSpec, Set<String> ex
         for (String extra: baseSpec.getExtraOptions()) {
             builder.extraJlinkOpt(extra);
         }
-        return jlinkUsingImage(builder.build());
+        Path finalImage = jlinkUsingImage(builder.build());
+        // The intermediate run-time link image was only needed as the jlink
+        // source for producing the final image; free the disk space now.
+        FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(runtimeJlinkImage);
+        return finalImage;
     }
 
     protected Path jlinkUsingImage(JlinkSpec spec) throws Exception {
@@ -280,6 +286,12 @@ protected Path createRuntimeLinkImage(BaseJlinkSpec baseSpec,
 
         // Remove JMODs as needed for the test
         copyJDKTreeWithoutSpecificJmods(from, runtimeJlinkImage, excludedJmodFiles);
+        // In the non-linkable-runtime case 'from' is a temporary
+        // --generate-linkable-runtime image that has now been copied into
+        // 'runtimeJlinkImage'; delete it to free the disk space.
+        if (!baseSpec.isLinkableRuntime()) {
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(from);
+        }
         // Verify the base image is actually without desired packaged modules
         if (excludedJmodFiles.isEmpty()) {
             if (Files.exists(runtimeJlinkImage.resolve("jmods"))) {

From 9175632078364892c38ea2e54c37fffd4dcaf618 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 30 Jul 2026 07:22:06 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 369/707] 8388991: Adjust relauncher.c to avoid unused variable
 and init STARTUPINFO as suggested

Reviewed-by: stuefe, dholmes
---
 src/java.base/windows/native/launcher/relauncher.c | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/windows/native/launcher/relauncher.c b/src/java.base/windows/native/launcher/relauncher.c
index 77b9dfa99ad..50d9ddce5ac 100644
--- a/src/java.base/windows/native/launcher/relauncher.c
+++ b/src/java.base/windows/native/launcher/relauncher.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -182,7 +182,6 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
     // Windows needs the command line as a single string, not as an array of char*
     size_t total_length = 0;
     for (int i = 0; java_args[i] != NULL; i++) {
-        char* arg = java_args[i];
         total_length += strlen(java_args[i]) + 1;
     }
 
@@ -220,6 +219,7 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
     PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
 
     memset(&si, 0, sizeof(si));
+    si.cb = sizeof(si);
     memset(&pi, 0, sizeof(pi));
 
     // Windows has no equivalent of exec, so start the process and wait for it

From 76f9490a5537eb6ee3542da436a02883a02ed969 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 30 Jul 2026 11:47:14 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 370/707] 8388030: Provide configure option to disable build of
 libjsound

Reviewed-by: clanger, azeller, prr
---
 make/autoconf/jdk-options.m4      |  7 +++
 make/autoconf/spec.gmk.template   |  2 +
 make/modules/java.desktop/Lib.gmk | 88 ++++++++++++++++---------------
 3 files changed, 54 insertions(+), 43 deletions(-)

diff --git a/make/autoconf/jdk-options.m4 b/make/autoconf/jdk-options.m4
index 465e06ab39d..5b57a4a1869 100644
--- a/make/autoconf/jdk-options.m4
+++ b/make/autoconf/jdk-options.m4
@@ -95,6 +95,13 @@ AC_DEFUN_ONCE([JDKOPT_SETUP_OPEN_OR_CUSTOM],
 
 AC_DEFUN_ONCE([JDKOPT_SETUP_JDK_OPTIONS],
 [
+  # Should we build a JDK with/without sound ?
+  UTIL_ARG_ENABLE(NAME: jsound, DEFAULT: true,
+      RESULT: ENABLE_JSOUND,
+      DESC: [build with sound support],
+      CHECKING_MSG: [if we should build with sound support])
+  AC_SUBST(ENABLE_JSOUND)
+
   # Should we build a JDK without a graphical UI?
   UTIL_ARG_ENABLE(NAME: headless-only, DEFAULT: false,
       RESULT: ENABLE_HEADLESS_ONLY,
diff --git a/make/autoconf/spec.gmk.template b/make/autoconf/spec.gmk.template
index ecfd5dd0a92..25211a25dc9 100644
--- a/make/autoconf/spec.gmk.template
+++ b/make/autoconf/spec.gmk.template
@@ -329,6 +329,8 @@ HOTSPOT_OVERRIDE_LIBPATH := @HOTSPOT_OVERRIDE_LIBPATH@
 # Control use of precompiled header in hotspot libjvm build
 USE_PRECOMPILED_HEADER := @USE_PRECOMPILED_HEADER@
 
+ENABLE_JSOUND := @ENABLE_JSOUND@
+
 # Only build headless support or not
 ENABLE_HEADLESS_ONLY := @ENABLE_HEADLESS_ONLY@
 
diff --git a/make/modules/java.desktop/Lib.gmk b/make/modules/java.desktop/Lib.gmk
index 830e0553c39..1c43950480c 100644
--- a/make/modules/java.desktop/Lib.gmk
+++ b/make/modules/java.desktop/Lib.gmk
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -37,49 +37,51 @@ $(call FillFindCache, $(wildcard $(TOPDIR)/src/java.desktop/*/native))
 include lib/AwtLibraries.gmk
 include lib/ClientLibraries.gmk
 
-ifeq ($(call isTargetOs, aix), false)
-  ##############################################################################
-  # Build libjsound
-  ##############################################################################
-
-  LIBJSOUND_CFLAGS := \
-      $(ALSA_CFLAGS) \
-      -DX_PLATFORM=X_$(OPENJDK_TARGET_OS_UPPERCASE) \
-      -DUSE_PORTS=TRUE \
-      -DUSE_DAUDIO=TRUE \
-      -DUSE_PLATFORM_MIDI_OUT=TRUE \
-      -DUSE_PLATFORM_MIDI_IN=TRUE \
-      #
-
-  LIBJSOUND_LINK_TYPE := C
-  ifeq ($(call isTargetOs, macosx), true)
-    LIBJSOUND_LINK_TYPE := C++
+ifeq ($(ENABLE_JSOUND), true)
+  ifeq ($(call isTargetOs, aix), false)
+    ##############################################################################
+    # Build libjsound
+    ##############################################################################
+
+    LIBJSOUND_CFLAGS := \
+        $(ALSA_CFLAGS) \
+        -DX_PLATFORM=X_$(OPENJDK_TARGET_OS_UPPERCASE) \
+        -DUSE_PORTS=TRUE \
+        -DUSE_DAUDIO=TRUE \
+        -DUSE_PLATFORM_MIDI_OUT=TRUE \
+        -DUSE_PLATFORM_MIDI_IN=TRUE \
+        #
+
+    LIBJSOUND_LINK_TYPE := C
+    ifeq ($(call isTargetOs, macosx), true)
+      LIBJSOUND_LINK_TYPE := C++
+    endif
+
+    $(eval $(call SetupJdkLibrary, BUILD_LIBJSOUND, \
+        NAME := jsound, \
+        LINK_TYPE := $(LIBJSOUND_LINK_TYPE), \
+        OPTIMIZATION := LOW, \
+        EXTRA_HEADER_DIRS := java.base:libjava, \
+        CFLAGS := $(LIBJSOUND_CFLAGS), \
+        CXXFLAGS := $(LIBJSOUND_CFLAGS), \
+        DISABLED_WARNINGS_gcc := undef unused-variable, \
+        DISABLED_WARNINGS_clang := undef unused-variable, \
+        DISABLED_WARNINGS_clang_PLATFORM_API_MacOSX_MidiUtils.c := \
+            unused-but-set-variable, \
+        DISABLED_WARNINGS_clang_DirectAudioDevice.c := unused-function, \
+        LIBS_linux := $(ALSA_LIBS), \
+        LIBS_macosx := \
+            -framework AudioToolbox \
+            -framework AudioUnit \
+            -framework CoreAudio \
+            -framework CoreFoundation \
+            -framework CoreMIDI \
+            -framework CoreServices, \
+        LIBS_windows := advapi32.lib dsound.lib ole32.lib user32.lib winmm.lib, \
+    ))
+
+    TARGETS += $(BUILD_LIBJSOUND)
   endif
-
-  $(eval $(call SetupJdkLibrary, BUILD_LIBJSOUND, \
-      NAME := jsound, \
-      LINK_TYPE := $(LIBJSOUND_LINK_TYPE), \
-      OPTIMIZATION := LOW, \
-      EXTRA_HEADER_DIRS := java.base:libjava, \
-      CFLAGS := $(LIBJSOUND_CFLAGS), \
-      CXXFLAGS := $(LIBJSOUND_CFLAGS), \
-      DISABLED_WARNINGS_gcc := undef unused-variable, \
-      DISABLED_WARNINGS_clang := undef unused-variable, \
-      DISABLED_WARNINGS_clang_PLATFORM_API_MacOSX_MidiUtils.c := \
-          unused-but-set-variable, \
-      DISABLED_WARNINGS_clang_DirectAudioDevice.c := unused-function, \
-      LIBS_linux := $(ALSA_LIBS), \
-      LIBS_macosx := \
-          -framework AudioToolbox \
-          -framework AudioUnit \
-          -framework CoreAudio \
-          -framework CoreFoundation \
-          -framework CoreMIDI \
-          -framework CoreServices, \
-      LIBS_windows := advapi32.lib dsound.lib ole32.lib user32.lib winmm.lib, \
-  ))
-
-  TARGETS += $(BUILD_LIBJSOUND)
 endif
 
 ifeq ($(call isTargetOs, macosx), true)

From d78a34e0a100dd2d658cf9cc40aa7ae574c540d4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Daniel=20Jeli=C5=84ski?= <djelinski@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 30 Jul 2026 13:27:54 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 371/707] 8389323: Remove unused
 jdk.internal.httpclient.monitorFlowDelegate property

Reviewed-by: jpai, michaelm
---
 .../net/http/common/SSLFlowDelegate.java      | 150 ------------------
 .../jdk/internal/net/http/FlowTest.java       |   6 -
 .../jdk/internal/net/http/SSLTubeTest.java    |   7 -
 3 files changed, 163 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/common/SSLFlowDelegate.java b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/common/SSLFlowDelegate.java
index e7dec5a6963..0f97e191b37 100644
--- a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/common/SSLFlowDelegate.java
+++ b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/common/SSLFlowDelegate.java
@@ -34,9 +34,6 @@
 import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;
 import javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException;
 import java.io.IOException;
-import java.lang.ref.Reference;
-import java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue;
-import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collections;
@@ -44,7 +41,6 @@
 import java.util.LinkedList;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
-import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;
 import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
 import java.util.concurrent.Flow;
 import java.util.concurrent.Flow.Subscriber;
@@ -111,9 +107,6 @@ public class SSLFlowDelegate {
     private static final ByteBuffer HS_TRIGGER = ByteBuffer.allocate(0);
     // When handshake is in progress trying to wrap may produce no bytes.
     private static final ByteBuffer NOTHING = ByteBuffer.allocate(0);
-    private static final String monProp = Utils.getProperty("jdk.internal.httpclient.monitorFlowDelegate");
-    private static final boolean isMonitored =
-            monProp != null && (monProp.isEmpty() || monProp.equalsIgnoreCase("true"));
 
     final Executor exec;
     final Reader reader;
@@ -121,14 +114,11 @@ public class SSLFlowDelegate {
     final SSLEngine engine;
     final String tubeName; // hack
     final CompletableFuture<String> alpnCF; // completes on initial handshake
-    final Monitorable monitor = isMonitored ? this::monitor : null; // prevent GC until SSLFD is stopped
     volatile boolean close_notify_received;
     final CompletableFuture<Void> readerCF;
     final CompletableFuture<Void> writerCF;
     final CompletableFuture<Void> stopCF;
     final Consumer<ByteBuffer> recycler;
-    static AtomicInteger scount = new AtomicInteger(1);
-    final int id;
 
     /**
      * Creates an SSLFlowDelegate fed from two Flow.Subscribers. Each
@@ -154,7 +144,6 @@ public SSLFlowDelegate(SSLEngine engine,
             Subscriber<? super List<ByteBuffer>> downReader,
             Subscriber<? super List<ByteBuffer>> downWriter)
         {
-        this.id = scount.getAndIncrement();
         this.tubeName = String.valueOf(downWriter);
         this.recycler = recycler;
         this.reader = new Reader();
@@ -173,8 +162,6 @@ public SSLFlowDelegate(SSLEngine engine,
         // connect the Reader to the downReader and the
         // Writer to the downWriter.
         connect(downReader, downWriter);
-
-        if (isMonitored) Monitor.add(monitor);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -220,26 +207,6 @@ private void setALPN() {
         alpnCF.complete(alpn);
     }
 
-    public String monitor() {
-        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
-        sb.append("SSL: id ").append(id);
-        sb.append(" ").append(dbgString());
-        sb.append(" HS state: " + states(handshakeState));
-        sb.append(" Engine state: " + engine.getHandshakeStatus().toString());
-        if (stateList != null) {
-            sb.append(" LL : ");
-            for (String s : stateList) {
-                sb.append(s).append(" ");
-            }
-        }
-        sb.append("\r\n");
-        sb.append("Reader:: ").append(reader.toString());
-        sb.append("\r\n");
-        sb.append("Writer:: ").append(writer.toString());
-        sb.append("\r\n===================================");
-        return sb.toString();
-    }
-
     protected SchedulingAction enterReadScheduling() {
         return SchedulingAction.CONTINUE;
     }
@@ -443,7 +410,6 @@ final void processData() {
                 int len;
                 boolean complete = false;
                 while (readBuf.remaining() > (len = minBytesRequired)) {
-                    boolean handshaking = false;
                     try {
                         EngineResult result;
                         readBufferLock.lock();
@@ -508,7 +474,6 @@ else if (this.completing) {
                             return;
                         }
                         if (result.handshaking()) {
-                            handshaking = true;
                             if (debugr.on()) debugr.log("handshaking");
                             if (doHandshake(result.handshakeStatus(), READER)) continue; // need unwrap
                             else break; // doHandshake will have triggered the write scheduler if necessary
@@ -523,10 +488,6 @@ else if (this.completing) {
                         handleError(cause);
                         return;
                     }
-                    if (handshaking && !complete) {
-                        requestMoreDataIfNeeded();
-                        return;
-                    }
                 }
                 if (!complete) {
                     readBufferLock.lock();
@@ -607,104 +568,6 @@ EngineResult unwrapBuffer(ByteBuffer src) throws IOException {
         }
     }
 
-    public interface Monitorable {
-        public String getInfo();
-    }
-
-    public static class Monitor extends Thread {
-        final List<WeakReference<Monitorable>> list;
-        final List<FinalMonitorable> finalList;
-        final ReferenceQueue<Monitorable> queue = new ReferenceQueue<>();
-        static Monitor themon;
-
-        static {
-            themon = new Monitor();
-            themon.start(); // uncomment to enable Monitor
-        }
-
-        // An instance used to temporarily store the
-        // last observable state of a monitorable object.
-        // When Monitor.remove(o) is called, we replace
-        // 'o' with a FinalMonitorable whose reference
-        // will be enqueued after the last observable state
-        // has been printed.
-        final class FinalMonitorable implements Monitorable {
-            final String finalState;
-            FinalMonitorable(Monitorable o) {
-                finalState = o.getInfo();
-                finalList.add(this);
-            }
-            @Override
-            public String getInfo() {
-                finalList.remove(this);
-                return finalState;
-            }
-        }
-
-        Monitor() {
-            super("Monitor");
-            setDaemon(true);
-            list = Collections.synchronizedList(new LinkedList<>());
-            finalList = new ArrayList<>(); // access is synchronized on list above
-        }
-
-        void addTarget(Monitorable o) {
-            list.add(new WeakReference<>(o, queue));
-        }
-        void removeTarget(Monitorable o) {
-            // It can take a long time for GC to clean up references.
-            // Calling Monitor.remove() early helps removing noise from the
-            // logs/
-            synchronized (list) {
-                Iterator<WeakReference<Monitorable>> it = list.iterator();
-                while (it.hasNext()) {
-                    Monitorable m = it.next().get();
-                    if (m == null) it.remove();
-                    if (o == m) {
-                        it.remove();
-                        break;
-                    }
-                }
-                FinalMonitorable m = new FinalMonitorable(o);
-                addTarget(m);
-                Reference.reachabilityFence(m);
-            }
-        }
-
-        public static void add(Monitorable o) {
-            themon.addTarget(o);
-        }
-        public static void remove(Monitorable o) {
-            themon.removeTarget(o);
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void run() {
-            System.out.println("Monitor starting");
-            try {
-                while (true) {
-                    Thread.sleep(20 * 1000);
-                    synchronized (list) {
-                        Reference<? extends Monitorable> expired;
-                        while ((expired = queue.poll()) != null) list.remove(expired);
-                        for (WeakReference<Monitorable> ref : list) {
-                            Monitorable o = ref.get();
-                            if (o == null) continue;
-                            if (o instanceof FinalMonitorable) {
-                                ref.enqueue();
-                            }
-                            System.out.println(o.getInfo());
-                            System.out.println("-------------------------");
-                        }
-                    }
-                    System.out.println("--o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-");
-                }
-            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
-                System.out.println("Monitor exiting with " + e);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
     /**
      * Processing function for outgoing data. Pass it thru SSLEngine.wrap()
      * Any encrypted buffers generated are passed downstream to be written.
@@ -1007,7 +870,6 @@ private void normalStop() {
                     "Connection closed before successful ALPN negotiation");
             alpnCF.completeExceptionally(alpn);
         }
-        if (isMonitored) Monitor.remove(monitor);
     }
 
     private Void stopOnError(Throwable error) {
@@ -1077,8 +939,6 @@ private void resumeActivity() {
     }
 
     final AtomicInteger handshakeState;
-    final ConcurrentLinkedQueue<String> stateList =
-            debug.on() ? new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>() : null;
 
     // Atomically executed to update task bits. Sets either DOING_TASKS or REQUESTING_TASKS
     // depending on previous value
@@ -1101,10 +961,6 @@ private void resumeActivity() {
     private boolean doHandshake(HandshakeStatus handshakeStatus, int caller) {
         // unconditionally sets the HANDSHAKING bit, while preserving task bits
         handshakeState.getAndAccumulate(0, (current, unused) -> HANDSHAKING | (current & TASK_BITS));
-        if (stateList != null && debug.on()) {
-            stateList.add(handshakeStatus.toString());
-            stateList.add(Integer.toString(caller));
-        }
         switch (handshakeStatus) {
             case NEED_TASK:
                 int s = handshakeState.accumulateAndGet(0, REQUEST_OR_DO_TASKS);
@@ -1255,12 +1111,6 @@ boolean handshaking() {
                    && result.getStatus() != Status.CLOSED;
         }
 
-        boolean needUnwrap() {
-            HandshakeStatus s = result.getHandshakeStatus();
-            return s == HandshakeStatus.NEED_UNWRAP;
-        }
-
-
         int bytesConsumed() {
             return result.bytesConsumed();
         }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/whitebox/java.net.http/jdk/internal/net/http/FlowTest.java b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/whitebox/java.net.http/jdk/internal/net/http/FlowTest.java
index cd05196b653..7a0a946d76c 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/whitebox/java.net.http/jdk/internal/net/http/FlowTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/whitebox/java.net.http/jdk/internal/net/http/FlowTest.java
@@ -219,7 +219,6 @@ static class SSLLoopbackSubscriber implements Subscriber<List<ByteBuffer>> {
             thread3 = new Thread(this::clientReader, "clientReader");
             publisher = new SubmissionPublisher<>(exec, Flow.defaultBufferSize(),
                     this::handlePublisherException);
-            SSLFlowDelegate.Monitor.add(this::monitor);
         }
 
         public void start() {
@@ -312,11 +311,6 @@ private int writeToStream(OutputStream os, ByteBuffer buf) throws IOException {
 
         private final AtomicInteger loopCount = new AtomicInteger();
 
-        public String monitor() {
-            return "serverLoopback: loopcount = " + loopCount.get()
-                    + " clientRead: count = " + readCount.get();
-        }
-
         // thread2
         private void serverLoopback() {
             try {
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/whitebox/java.net.http/jdk/internal/net/http/SSLTubeTest.java b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/whitebox/java.net.http/jdk/internal/net/http/SSLTubeTest.java
index bb8d583e07b..69aa9e40af6 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/whitebox/java.net.http/jdk/internal/net/http/SSLTubeTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/whitebox/java.net.http/jdk/internal/net/http/SSLTubeTest.java
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 package jdk.internal.net.http;
 
 import jdk.internal.net.http.common.FlowTube;
-import jdk.internal.net.http.common.SSLFlowDelegate;
 import jdk.internal.net.http.common.Utils;
 
 import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
@@ -104,7 +103,6 @@ private static class SSLLoopbackSubscriber implements FlowTube {
             thread3 = new Thread(this::clientReader, "clientReader");
             publisher = new SubmissionPublisher<>(exec, Flow.defaultBufferSize(),
                     this::handlePublisherException);
-            SSLFlowDelegate.Monitor.add(this::monitor);
         }
 
         public void start() {
@@ -196,11 +194,6 @@ private int writeToStream(OutputStream os, ByteBuffer buf) throws IOException {
 
         private final AtomicInteger loopCount = new AtomicInteger();
 
-        public String monitor() {
-            return "serverLoopback: loopcount = " + loopCount.toString()
-                    + " clientRead: count = " + readCount.toString();
-        }
-
         // thread2
         private void serverLoopback() {
             try {

From 7e6a82069a379b3fee676ba2a3c6d78963260375 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Fairoz Matte <fmatte@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 30 Jul 2026 14:51:16 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 372/707] 8386884: GC.heap_dump -parallel accepts values
 outside uint range and silently wraps

Reviewed-by: ayang, phubner, kevinw
---
 src/hotspot/share/services/diagnosticCommand.cpp              | 4 ++--
 .../jtreg/serviceability/dcmd/gc/HeapDumpParallelTest.java    | 4 ++++
 2 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/services/diagnosticCommand.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/services/diagnosticCommand.cpp
index f2fa114133e..b9536b4bf20 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/services/diagnosticCommand.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/services/diagnosticCommand.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ void HeapDumpDCmd::execute(DCmdSource source, TRAPS) {
   if (_parallel.is_set()) {
     parallel = _parallel.value();
 
-    if (parallel < 0) {
+    if (parallel < 0 || parallel > max_juint) {
       output()->print_cr("Invalid number of parallel dump threads.");
       return;
     } else if (parallel == 0) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/dcmd/gc/HeapDumpParallelTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/dcmd/gc/HeapDumpParallelTest.java
index f4dcb4dc1b0..7eecf527850 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/dcmd/gc/HeapDumpParallelTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/dcmd/gc/HeapDumpParallelTest.java
@@ -104,6 +104,10 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             OutputAnalyzer out = attachJcmdHeapDump(heapDumpFile, theApp.getPid(), "-parallel=" + -1);
             out.shouldContain("Invalid number of parallel dump threads.");
 
+            // Expect error message on value above 32 bit unsigned range
+            out = attachJcmdHeapDump(heapDumpFile, theApp.getPid(), "-parallel=" + 4294967297L);
+            out.shouldContain("Invalid number of parallel dump threads.");
+
             // Expect serial dump because 0 implies to disable parallel dump
             test(heapDumpFile, "-parallel=" + 0, true);
 

From 0d4fb55655d13fa47e2dc1d867e583ee9c8e490f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jaikiran Pai <jpai@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 30 Jul 2026 15:49:34 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 373/707] 8385131: HTTP/2 connection not closed after receiving
 GOAWAY frame when no streams are active

Reviewed-by: djelinski
---
 .../internal/net/http/Http2Connection.java    |  10 +-
 .../http2/H2GoAwayPromptConnectionClose.java  | 514 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 523 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/http2/H2GoAwayPromptConnectionClose.java

diff --git a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/Http2Connection.java b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/Http2Connection.java
index 11022ca5c96..00b7939104f 100644
--- a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/Http2Connection.java
+++ b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/Http2Connection.java
@@ -645,7 +645,7 @@ void abandonStream() {
         }
     }
 
-    /*
+    /**
      * return true if the connection is marked as "final stream" and there
      * are no active streams on that connection and the connection isn't
      * reserved for a new stream.
@@ -1399,6 +1399,14 @@ private void handleGoAway(final GoAwayFrame frame) {
             prevLastProcessed = lastProcessedStreamInGoAway.get();
         }
         handlePeerUnprocessedStreams(lastProcessedStreamInGoAway.get());
+        // if there are no more active streams on the connection, then go ahead and close the
+        // connection
+        if (shouldClose()) {
+            final Http2TerminationCause tc = Http2TerminationCause.forH2Error(
+                    frame.getErrorCode(),
+                    "GOAWAY received from server");
+            close(tc);
+        }
     }
 
     private void handlePeerUnprocessedStreams(final long lastProcessedStream) {
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/http2/H2GoAwayPromptConnectionClose.java b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/http2/H2GoAwayPromptConnectionClose.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b5e534afce9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/http2/H2GoAwayPromptConnectionClose.java
@@ -0,0 +1,514 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.net.Inet4Address;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
+import java.net.ServerSocket;
+import java.net.Socket;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.net.http.HttpClient;
+import java.net.http.HttpRequest;
+import java.net.http.HttpResponse;
+import java.net.http.HttpResponse.BodyHandlers;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+
+import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
+import javax.net.ssl.SSLParameters;
+import javax.net.ssl.SSLServerSocket;
+
+import jdk.internal.net.http.frame.HeadersFrame;
+import jdk.internal.net.http.frame.Http2Frame;
+import jdk.internal.net.http.frame.SettingsFrame;
+import jdk.internal.net.http.hpack.Decoder;
+import jdk.internal.net.http.hpack.Encoder;
+import jdk.test.lib.RandomFactory;
+import jdk.test.lib.net.SimpleSSLContext;
+import jdk.test.lib.net.URIBuilder;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import static java.net.http.HttpClient.Builder.NO_PROXY;
+import static java.net.http.HttpClient.Version.HTTP_2;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8385131
+ * @summary Verifies that if the HttpClient receives a GOAWAY frame on a HTTP/2 connection,
+ *          then the HttpClient terminates the connection as promptly as appropriate instead
+ *          of relying on the idle connection management to do so.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @build jdk.test.lib.net.SimpleSSLContext jdk.test.lib.RandomFactory jdk.test.lib.net.URIBuilder
+ * @comment An arbitrary high value for idle connection timeout to prevent idle
+ *          connection management from closing the HTTP/2 connection
+ * @run junit/othervm -Djdk.httpclient.keepalive.timeout.h2=36000 ${test.main.class}
+ */
+class H2GoAwayPromptConnectionClose {
+
+    private static final int MAX_HEADER_TABLE_CAPACITY = 4096;
+    private static final String REQUEST_PATH =
+            "/" + H2GoAwayPromptConnectionClose.class.getSimpleName();
+
+    private static final SSLContext sslCtx = SimpleSSLContext.findSSLContext();
+    private static final ExecutorService executor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
+    private static HttpClient client;
+    private static MinimalH2OnlyServer server;
+
+    // a latch that is counted down when the server notices a EOF on the connection's input stream
+    // due to the client closing the connection.
+    private static final CountDownLatch connTerminationLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+
+    @BeforeAll
+    static void beforeAll() throws Exception {
+        client = HttpClient.newBuilder().proxy(NO_PROXY).sslContext(sslCtx).build();
+        server = new MinimalH2OnlyServer();
+        System.err.println("server listening at " + server.getServerAddress());
+        executor.submit(server);
+    }
+
+    @AfterAll
+    static void afterAll() throws Exception {
+        System.err.println("stopping server " + server.getServerAddress());
+        closeQuietly(server);
+        closeQuietly(client);
+        executor.shutdownNow();
+    }
+
+    private static void closeQuietly(final AutoCloseable closeable) {
+        if (closeable == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        try {
+            closeable.close();
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            System.err.println("ignoring exception: " + t + " that occurred during closing "
+                    + closeable);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    /*
+     * Issues a "https" HTTP/2 request and expects the request to complete normally.
+     * On the server side, in addition to sending the HTTP/2 response, the server also sends
+     * a GOAWAY frame to the client.
+     * After the response is received, the test waits to be notified about the termination
+     * of the underlying connection. The test completes successfully only if it receives the
+     * connection termination notification.
+     * If it isn't notified of the connection termination, then that's a sign (of a bug) that
+     * the HttpClient did not promptly close the connection even after receiving a GOAWAY frame
+     * with no additional requests in progress.
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testConnectionTermination() throws Exception {
+        final InetSocketAddress serverAddr = server.getServerAddress();
+        final URI reqURI = URIBuilder.newBuilder()
+                .scheme("https")
+                .host(serverAddr.getAddress())
+                .port(serverAddr.getPort())
+                .path(REQUEST_PATH)
+                .build();
+        final HttpRequest req = HttpRequest.newBuilder().version(HTTP_2).uri(reqURI).build();
+        System.err.println("issuing request: " + req);
+        final HttpResponse<String> resp = client.send(req, BodyHandlers.ofString());
+        assertEquals(200, resp.statusCode(), "unexpected status code");
+        assertEquals(HTTP_2, resp.version(), "unexpected HTTP version in response");
+
+        System.err.println("awaiting connection termination");
+        connTerminationLatch.await();
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * The test requires fine grained control over when the server sends the GOAWAY frame
+     * over the HTTP/2 connection and also to detect that the client has closed the underlying
+     * connection. So we read/write HTTP/2 protocol messages directly over a
+     * ServerSocket/Socket pair, instead of using the HTTP servers in the test library.
+     * This server only support "https" and negotiates "h2" protocol during the TLS handshake.
+     */
+    private static final class MinimalH2OnlyServer implements Runnable, AutoCloseable {
+        private final ServerSocket serverSocket;
+        private volatile boolean stop;
+
+        private MinimalH2OnlyServer() throws IOException {
+            // create the SSLServerSocket
+            final SSLServerSocket ss = (SSLServerSocket) sslCtx.getServerSocketFactory()
+                    .createServerSocket(0, 0, Inet4Address.getLoopbackAddress());
+            // configure "h2" ALPN on the server socket
+            final SSLParameters sslParams = new SSLParameters();
+            sslParams.setApplicationProtocols(new String[]{"h2"});
+            ss.setSSLParameters(sslParams);
+
+            this.serverSocket = ss;
+        }
+
+        private InetSocketAddress getServerAddress() {
+            return (InetSocketAddress) this.serverSocket.getLocalSocketAddress();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+            try {
+                doRun();
+            } catch (Throwable t) {
+                if (!stop) {
+                    System.err.println("Exception occurred in server " + t);
+                    t.printStackTrace();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // accept socket connections and process them
+        private void doRun() throws IOException {
+            while (!stop) {
+                final Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
+                System.err.println("accepted connection from " + socket);
+                // submit for processing the request
+                executor.submit(new Handler(socket));
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void close() throws IOException {
+            this.stop = true;
+            this.serverSocket.close();
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Processes the data on a single HTTP/2 socket connection
+    private static final class Handler implements Runnable {
+        private static final Random random = RandomFactory.getRandom();
+        // number of bytes that are taken by the (common) Length and Type fields of
+        // a HTTP/2 frame
+        private static final int SIZE_OF_LENGTH_AND_TYPE_FIELDS = 9;
+        // empty SETTINGS frame
+        private static final byte[] SERVER_SETTINGS_FRAME = new byte[]{0, 0, 0, 0x04,
+                0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
+        // SETTINGS frame ACKing the receipt of a SETTINGS frame from the client
+        private static final byte[] ACK_CLIENT_SETTINGS_FRAME = new byte[]{0, 0, 0, 0x04, 0x01,
+                0, 0, 0, 0};
+
+        private final Socket socket;
+        private final String logId;
+
+        private record ParsedRequest(int streamId, Map<String, List<String>> headers) {
+
+            /*
+             * Returns the {@code :path} header value (if any)
+             */
+            private String getRequestPath() {
+                final List<String> vals = headers.get(":path");
+                if (vals == null || vals.isEmpty()) {
+                    return null;
+                }
+                return vals.getFirst();
+            }
+        }
+
+        private Handler(final Socket socket) {
+            this.socket = socket;
+            this.logId = "local=" + socket.getLocalSocketAddress()
+                    + ", remote=" + socket.getRemoteSocketAddress();
+        }
+
+        private void log(final String msg) {
+            System.err.println("[" + this.logId + "] " + msg);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+            try {
+                handleSocketConnection();
+            } catch (Throwable t) {
+                // either an unexpected connection or something went wrong with the
+                // HTTP/2 request issued in this test. just log it; the test
+                // doesn't rely on this exception to be propagated to notice any failures.
+                log("ignoring exception " + t + " that occurred when handling" +
+                        " connection from: " + socket);
+                t.printStackTrace();
+            }
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * Parse and respond to the HTTP/2 data received over the socket. Also sends a GOAWAY frame
+         * to the client. We don't close the socket connection ourselves and instead expect
+         * the client to close it once it receives the GOAWAY frame and with no active streams
+         * on the connection.
+         */
+        private void handleSocketConnection() throws IOException {
+            // read the HTTP/2 client preface
+            readClientPreface();
+            log("received client preface");
+            // next read the client SETTINGS and send the corresponding SETTINGS ACK.
+            // then send the server's SETTINGS and wait for a SETTINGS ACK from the client.
+            final List<byte[]> allRecvdFrames = exchangeConnectionSettings();
+            log("completed exchanging SETTINGS frames between client and server");
+            // now read the HTTP/2 request's HEADERS frame
+            final ParsedRequest req = waitForRequest(allRecvdFrames);
+            final String reqPath = req.getRequestPath();
+            if (!REQUEST_PATH.equals(reqPath)) {
+                throw new IOException("unexpected request path " + reqPath);
+            }
+            log("received HTTP/2 request " + req.headers + " on stream " + req.streamId);
+            // send the HTTP/2 response for the stream as well as a GOAWAY frame on the connection.
+            // we randomly decide which one gets sent first and it shouldn't matter
+            // which order they are sent, the end result for the client should be the same
+            // (i.e. the HTTP request should complete normally and the underlying connection
+            // is closed)
+            final boolean sendGoAwayFirst = random.nextBoolean();
+            if (sendGoAwayFirst) {
+                sendGoAway(req.streamId);
+                log("sent GOAWAY");
+                sendResponse(req.streamId);
+                log("sent a HTTP/2 response");
+            } else {
+                sendResponse(req.streamId);
+                log("sent a HTTP/2 response");
+                sendGoAway(req.streamId);
+                log("sent GOAWAY");
+            }
+            // wait for the client to close the connection
+            waitForEOF();
+        }
+
+        private void readClientPreface() throws IOException {
+            final byte[] preface = socket.getInputStream().readNBytes(24);
+            if (preface.length != 24) {
+                throw new IOException("Not a HTTP/2 client preface, received only "
+                        + preface.length + " bytes");
+            }
+        }
+
+        private List<byte[]> exchangeConnectionSettings() throws IOException {
+            final List<byte[]> allRcvdFrames = new ArrayList<>();
+            // read the SETTINGS frame from the client
+            final byte[] settingsFrame = expectFrame(socket.getInputStream(), SettingsFrame.TYPE);
+            allRcvdFrames.add(settingsFrame);
+            log("received SETTINGS frame");
+
+            final OutputStream out = socket.getOutputStream();
+            // send the SETTINGS ACK
+            out.write(ACK_CLIENT_SETTINGS_FRAME);
+            out.flush();
+            // respond with server SETTINGS
+            out.write(SERVER_SETTINGS_FRAME);
+            out.flush();
+            // expect the client to send the SETTINGS ACK frame
+            final List<byte[]> moreFrames = waitForSettingsAckFrame();
+            allRcvdFrames.addAll(moreFrames);
+            return allRcvdFrames;
+        }
+
+        private List<byte[]> waitForSettingsAckFrame() throws IOException {
+            log("accumulating frames till a SETTINGS ACK frame is received");
+            final List<byte[]> recvdFrames = new ArrayList<>();
+            int recvdFrameType = -1;
+            byte[] frame;
+            do {
+                frame = readHTTP2Frame(socket.getInputStream());
+                // keep track of received frames
+                recvdFrames.add(frame);
+                recvdFrameType = frameType(frame);
+                log("received frame type " + recvdFrameType
+                        + " (" + Http2Frame.asString(recvdFrameType) + ")");
+            } while (recvdFrameType != SettingsFrame.TYPE);
+            // received the SETTINGS frame, verify it has the ACK bit set
+            final boolean ackBitSet = ((frame[4] & 0x01) == 1);
+            if (!ackBitSet) {
+                throw new IOException("ACK bit not set on SETTINGS frame from " + socket);
+            }
+            // return all the received frames
+            return recvdFrames;
+        }
+
+        private ParsedRequest waitForRequest(final List<byte[]> alreadyRcvdFrames)
+                throws IOException {
+            byte[] headersFrame = findHeadersFrame(alreadyRcvdFrames);
+            if (headersFrame == null) {
+                // no HEADERS frame have been read so far, expect it to arrive
+                headersFrame = expectFrame(socket.getInputStream(), HeadersFrame.TYPE);
+            }
+            // parse the HEADERS frame
+            final int streamId = getStreamId(headersFrame);
+            if (streamId <= 0) {
+                throw new IOException("invalid stream id: " + streamId + " in HEADERS" +
+                        " frame on connection " + socket);
+            }
+            final Map<String, List<String>> reqHeaders = parseHeadersFrame(headersFrame);
+            return new ParsedRequest(streamId, reqHeaders);
+        }
+
+        private static byte[] findHeadersFrame(final List<byte[]> frames) {
+            for (final byte[] frame : frames) {
+                final int frameType = frameType(frame);
+                if (frameType == HeadersFrame.TYPE) {
+                    return frame; // found
+                }
+            }
+            return null; // no HEADERS frame found
+        }
+
+        // parses the HTTP/2 HEADERS frame and returns back a Map of HTTP headers from the request
+        private Map<String, List<String>> parseHeadersFrame(final byte[] frame) throws IOException {
+            final ByteBuffer fieldBlock = ByteBuffer.wrap(frame, SIZE_OF_LENGTH_AND_TYPE_FIELDS,
+                    frame.length - SIZE_OF_LENGTH_AND_TYPE_FIELDS);
+            // HPACK decoder
+            final Decoder decoder = new Decoder(MAX_HEADER_TABLE_CAPACITY);
+            final Map<String, List<String>> reqHeaders = new HashMap<>();
+            decoder.decode(fieldBlock, true, (name, value) -> {
+                final String headerName = name.toString();
+                reqHeaders.putIfAbsent(headerName, new ArrayList<>());
+                reqHeaders.get(headerName).add(value.toString());
+            });
+            return reqHeaders;
+        }
+
+        private static byte[] expectFrame(final InputStream in, final int expectedFrameType)
+                throws IOException {
+            final byte[] frame = readHTTP2Frame(in);
+            final int frameType = frameType(frame);
+            if (frameType != expectedFrameType) {
+                throw new IOException("unexpected frame, got type " + frameType
+                        + ", expected " + expectedFrameType);
+            }
+            return frame;
+        }
+
+        private static byte[] readHTTP2Frame(final InputStream in)
+                throws IOException {
+            final byte[] header = in.readNBytes(SIZE_OF_LENGTH_AND_TYPE_FIELDS);
+            if (header.length != SIZE_OF_LENGTH_AND_TYPE_FIELDS) {
+                throw new IOException("Incomplete HTTP/2 frame header, received only "
+                        + header.length + " bytes, expected "
+                        + SIZE_OF_LENGTH_AND_TYPE_FIELDS + " bytes");
+            }
+            // 3 bytes of Length field that represent the payload length
+            final int payloadLength = ((header[0] & 0xFF) << 16)
+                    | ((header[1] & 0xFF) << 8)
+                    | (header[2] & 0xFF);
+            final byte[] payload = in.readNBytes(payloadLength);
+            if (payload.length != payloadLength) {
+                throw new IOException("Incomplete HTTP/2 frame payload, received only "
+                        + payload.length + " bytes, expected " + payloadLength + " bytes");
+            }
+            final byte[] frame = new byte[header.length + payload.length];
+            System.arraycopy(header, 0, frame, 0, header.length);
+            System.arraycopy(payload, 0, frame, header.length, payload.length);
+            return frame;
+        }
+
+        private void sendGoAway(final int lastStreamId) throws IOException {
+            // 4 bytes of lastStreamId + 4 bytes of error code + 0 bytes of debug data
+            final int payloadLength = 8;
+            byte[] frame = new byte[SIZE_OF_LENGTH_AND_TYPE_FIELDS + payloadLength];
+            frame[0] = (byte) ((payloadLength >> 16) & 0xFF);
+            frame[1] = (byte) ((payloadLength >> 8) & 0xFF);
+            frame[2] = (byte) (payloadLength & 0xFF);
+            frame[3] = 0x07; // GOAWAY frame type
+            frame[4] = 0; // no flags
+            // stream id = 0, since GOAWAY belongs to the connection
+            frame[5] = 0;
+            frame[6] = 0;
+            frame[7] = 0;
+            frame[8] = 0;
+            // last stream ID representing the last processed stream on the connection
+            frame[9] = (byte) ((lastStreamId >> 24) & 0x7F);
+            frame[10] = (byte) ((lastStreamId >> 16) & 0xFF);
+            frame[11] = (byte) ((lastStreamId >> 8) & 0xFF);
+            frame[12] = (byte) (lastStreamId & 0xFF);
+            // Error code == NO_ERROR
+            frame[13] = 0;
+            frame[14] = 0;
+            frame[15] = 0;
+            frame[16] = 0;
+
+            final OutputStream out = socket.getOutputStream();
+            out.write(frame);
+            out.flush();
+        }
+
+        private void sendResponse(final int streamId) throws IOException {
+            // HPACK encoder
+            final Encoder encoder = new Encoder(MAX_HEADER_TABLE_CAPACITY);
+            encoder.header(":status", "200");
+            final ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
+            if (!encoder.encode(buf)) {
+                throw new IOException("HPACK encoding didn't complete");
+            }
+            buf.flip();
+            final byte[] fieldBlock = new byte[buf.remaining()];
+            buf.get(fieldBlock);
+
+            final byte[] frame = new byte[SIZE_OF_LENGTH_AND_TYPE_FIELDS + fieldBlock.length];
+            frame[0] = (byte) ((fieldBlock.length >> 16) & 0xFF);
+            frame[1] = (byte) ((fieldBlock.length >> 8) & 0xFF);
+            frame[2] = (byte) (fieldBlock.length & 0xFF);
+            frame[3] = 0x01; // HEADERS frame type
+            frame[4] = 0x05; // flags =  END_STREAM (0x01) | END_HEADERS (0x04)
+            frame[5] = (byte) ((streamId >> 24) & 0x7F);
+            frame[6] = (byte) ((streamId >> 16) & 0xFF);
+            frame[7] = (byte) ((streamId >> 8) & 0xFF);
+            frame[8] = (byte) (streamId & 0xFF);
+
+            System.arraycopy(fieldBlock, 0, frame, SIZE_OF_LENGTH_AND_TYPE_FIELDS, fieldBlock.length);
+
+            final OutputStream out = socket.getOutputStream();
+            out.write(frame);
+            out.flush();
+        }
+
+        private void waitForEOF() throws IOException {
+            log("waiting to receive EOF");
+            final Instant start = Instant.now();
+            this.socket.getInputStream().readAllBytes();
+            // let the test know that the connection has been terminated
+            connTerminationLatch.countDown();
+            final Instant end = Instant.now();
+            log("took " + Duration.between(start, end) + " to reach EOF");
+        }
+
+        private static int frameType(final byte[] frame) {
+            assert frame.length >= 4 : "expected at least 4 bytes, but found only " + frame.length;
+            return frame[3];
+        }
+
+        private static int getStreamId(final byte[] frame) {
+            // Stream Identifier starts at the 6th byte in the frame and takes
+            // up 4 bytes
+            assert frame.length >= 9 : "expected at least 9 bytes, but found only " + frame.length;
+            return ((frame[5] & 0x7F) << 24) | ((frame[6] & 0xFF) << 16) |
+                    ((frame[7] & 0xFF) << 8) | (frame[8] & 0xFF);
+        }
+    }
+}

From cc278dbb8a1ca0754d5842708b9029441055d361 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David Simms <dsimms@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:45:12 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 374/707] 8389219: Implement JEP 401: Value Objects (Preview)
 8389220: Implement JEP 539: Strict Field Initialization in the JVM (Preview)
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Co-authored-by: Roland Westrelin <roland@openjdk.org>
Co-authored-by: Srikanth Adayapalam <sadayapalam@openjdk.org>
Co-authored-by: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Co-authored-by: Stefan Johansson <sjohanss@openjdk.org>
Co-authored-by: Sergey Kuksenko <skuksenko@openjdk.org>
Co-authored-by: Serguei Spitsyn <sspitsyn@openjdk.org>
Co-authored-by: Stefan Karlsson <stefank@openjdk.org>
Co-authored-by: Thomas Stuefe <stuefe@openjdk.org>
Co-authored-by: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Co-authored-by: Zoltan Majo <zmajo@openjdk.org>
Co-authored-by: Alan Bateman <alanb@openjdk.org>
Co-authored-by: Jaikiran Pai <jpai@openjdk.org>
Co-authored-by: Martin Doerr <mdoerr@openjdk.org>
Co-authored-by: Richard Reingruber <rrich@openjdk.org>
Co-authored-by: Feilong Jiang <fjiang@openjdk.org>
Co-authored-by: Daisuke Yamazaki <dyama@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: mcimadamore, liach, darcy, dcubed, aboldtch, coleenp, iklam, jlahoda, dlong, jpai, vklang, heidinga, sspitsyn, cjplummer
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 src/hotspot/share/runtime/signature.hpp       |   45 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/signature_cc.hpp    |   87 +
 .../share/runtime/stackChunkFrameStream.hpp   |    2 +-
 .../runtime/stackChunkFrameStream.inline.hpp  |   18 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackValue.cpp      |   26 +-
 .../share/runtime/stubDeclarations.hpp        |   12 +
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/synchronizer.cpp    |   42 +
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/threads.cpp         |    2 +
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmOperation.hpp     |    1 +
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmOperations.cpp    |    4 +
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmOperations.hpp    |   10 +
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmStructs.cpp       |   13 +-
 .../share/services/diagnosticCommand.cpp      |   30 +-
 .../share/services/diagnosticCommand.hpp      |   20 +
 src/hotspot/share/services/heapDumper.cpp     |  352 +-
 src/hotspot/share/services/management.cpp     |   23 +-
 src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp  |    6 +-
 src/hotspot/share/utilities/accessFlags.hpp   |    3 +-
 src/hotspot/share/utilities/copy.cpp          |   71 +
 src/hotspot/share/utilities/copy.hpp          |    3 +
 .../share/utilities/dtrace_disabled.hpp       |    4 +
 src/hotspot/share/utilities/exceptions.cpp    |   13 +
 src/hotspot/share/utilities/exceptions.hpp    |    4 +
 .../share/utilities/globalDefinitions.cpp     |   40 +-
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 src/hotspot/share/utilities/growableArray.hpp |   63 +
 src/hotspot/share/utilities/stringUtils.cpp   |  216 +
 src/hotspot/share/utilities/stringUtils.hpp   |    4 +
 src/hotspot/share/utilities/tuple.hpp         |    4 +-
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 .../share/classes/java/lang/Character.java    |   69 +-
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 .../share/classes/java/lang/Number.java       |   15 +-
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 .../share/classes/java/lang/Short.java        |   66 +-
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 .../java/lang/classfile/package-info.java     |    1 +
 .../java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html       |   30 +-
 .../java/lang/invoke/ArrayVarHandle.java      |  496 ++
 .../java/lang/invoke/DirectMethodHandle.java  |  276 +-
 .../lang/invoke/GenerateJLIClassesHelper.java |   52 +-
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 .../classes/java/lang/invoke/VarHandle.java   |   30 +-
 .../classes/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles.java  |  194 +-
 .../lang/invoke/X-VarHandle.java.template     |  636 +-
 .../share/classes/java/lang/ref/Cleaner.java  |    4 +-
 .../java/lang/ref/PhantomReference.java       |   13 +-
 .../classes/java/lang/ref/Reference.java      |   13 +
 .../classes/java/lang/ref/SoftReference.java  |   14 +-
 .../classes/java/lang/ref/WeakReference.java  |   13 +
 .../classes/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag.java |  213 +-
 .../classes/java/lang/reflect/Executable.java |    5 +-
 .../classes/java/lang/reflect/Field.java      |   92 +-
 .../classes/java/lang/reflect/Parameter.java  |    5 +-
 .../java/lang/reflect/ProxyGenerator.java     |    6 +
 .../java/lang/reflect/ReflectAccess.java      |    4 +
 .../java/lang/runtime/ValueObjectMethods.java |  174 +
 .../share/classes/java/time/Duration.java     |   23 +-
 .../share/classes/java/time/Instant.java      |   23 +-
 .../share/classes/java/time/LocalDate.java    |   23 +-
 .../classes/java/time/LocalDateTime.java      |   23 +-
 .../share/classes/java/time/LocalTime.java    |   23 +-
 .../share/classes/java/time/MonthDay.java     |   23 +-
 .../classes/java/time/OffsetDateTime.java     |   23 +-
 .../share/classes/java/time/OffsetTime.java   |   23 +-
 .../share/classes/java/time/Period.java       |   23 +-
 .../share/classes/java/time/Year.java         |   23 +-
 .../share/classes/java/time/YearMonth.java    |   23 +-
 .../share/classes/java/time/ZoneId.java       |   10 +-
 .../classes/java/time/ZonedDateTime.java      |   21 +-
 .../java/time/chrono/ChronoLocalDateImpl.java |    3 +-
 .../classes/java/time/chrono/HijrahDate.java  |   23 +-
 .../java/time/chrono/JapaneseDate.java        |   23 +-
 .../classes/java/time/chrono/MinguoDate.java  |   23 +-
 .../java/time/chrono/ThaiBuddhistDate.java    |   23 +-
 .../share/classes/java/util/Arrays.java       |   37 +-
 .../classes/java/util/IdentityHashMap.java    |   36 +-
 .../share/classes/java/util/Objects.java      |  124 +-
 .../share/classes/java/util/Optional.java     |   21 +-
 .../classes/java/util/OptionalDouble.java     |   21 +-
 .../share/classes/java/util/OptionalInt.java  |   21 +-
 .../share/classes/java/util/OptionalLong.java |   21 +-
 .../share/classes/java/util/WeakHashMap.java  |   40 +-
 .../jdk/internal/access/JavaLangAccess.java   |    6 -
 .../access/JavaLangReflectAccess.java         |    3 +
 .../impl/AbstractAttributeMapper.java         |   18 +
 .../classfile/impl/AccessFlagsImpl.java       |   28 +-
 .../classfile/impl/BoundAttribute.java        |   22 +-
 .../classfile/impl/BufWriterImpl.java         |   45 +-
 .../internal/classfile/impl/ClassImpl.java    |    4 +-
 .../classfile/impl/ClassPrinterImpl.java      |    3 +
 .../classfile/impl/ClassReaderImpl.java       |   13 +-
 .../classfile/impl/ClassRemapperImpl.java     |    6 +-
 .../jdk/internal/classfile/impl/CodeImpl.java |   15 +-
 .../classfile/impl/DirectClassBuilder.java    |   13 +-
 .../classfile/impl/DirectCodeBuilder.java     |   21 +-
 .../classfile/impl/DirectFieldBuilder.java    |   18 +-
 .../internal/classfile/impl/FieldImpl.java    |   15 +-
 .../internal/classfile/impl/MethodImpl.java   |   10 +-
 .../classfile/impl/StackMapDecoder.java       |  125 +-
 .../classfile/impl/StackMapGenerator.java     |  190 +-
 .../classfile/impl/UnboundAttribute.java      |   26 +-
 .../jdk/internal/classfile/impl/Util.java     |   39 +-
 .../classfile/impl/WritableField.java         |  103 +
 .../impl/verifier/ParserVerifier.java         |   15 +-
 .../impl/verifier/VerificationFrame.java      |   69 +-
 .../impl/verifier/VerificationTable.java      |   56 +-
 .../impl/verifier/VerificationWrapper.java    |   15 +-
 .../classfile/impl/verifier/VerifierImpl.java |   61 +-
 .../jdk/internal/javac/PreviewFeature.java    |    4 +
 .../jdk/internal/jrtfs/ExplodedImage.java     |  349 +-
 .../jdk/internal/jrtfs/JrtFileSystem.java     |   33 +-
 .../internal/jrtfs/JrtFileSystemProvider.java |   25 +-
 .../jdk/internal/jrtfs/SystemImage.java       |    2 +-
 .../classes/jdk/internal/misc/Unsafe.java     |  643 +-
 .../jdk/internal/module/ModulePath.java       |   47 +-
 .../jdk/internal/module/ModuleReferences.java |   81 +-
 .../internal/module/SystemModuleFinders.java  |    5 +-
 .../jdk/internal/reflect/AccessFlagSet.java   |  207 +
 .../reflect/MethodHandleAccessorFactory.java  |   34 +-
 .../MethodHandleBooleanFieldAccessorImpl.java |    4 +-
 .../MethodHandleByteFieldAccessorImpl.java    |    4 +-
 ...ethodHandleCharacterFieldAccessorImpl.java |    4 +-
 .../MethodHandleDoubleFieldAccessorImpl.java  |    4 +-
 .../MethodHandleFloatFieldAccessorImpl.java   |    4 +-
 .../MethodHandleIntegerFieldAccessorImpl.java |    4 +-
 .../MethodHandleLongFieldAccessorImpl.java    |    4 +-
 .../MethodHandleObjectFieldAccessorImpl.java  |    4 +-
 .../MethodHandleShortFieldAccessorImpl.java   |    4 +-
 .../internal/reflect/PreviewAccessFlags.java  |  104 +
 .../internal/reflect/ReflectionFactory.java   |   47 +-
 .../jdk/internal/util/ReferencedKeyMap.java   |    7 +-
 .../jdk/internal/value/Deserializer.java      |   73 +
 .../jdk/internal/value/ValueClass.java        |  266 +
 .../vm/annotation/LooselyConsistentValue.java |   51 +
 .../vm/annotation/NullRestricted.java         |   49 +
 src/java.base/share/classes/module-info.java  |    6 +-
 .../include/classfile_constants.h.template    |    4 +-
 src/java.base/share/native/include/jni.h      |   14 +-
 .../share/native/libjava/ValueClass.c         |   77 +
 .../javax/lang/model/element/Modifier.java    |   15 +-
 src/java.se/share/data/jdwp/jdwp.spec         |   25 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/api/JavacTool.java    |    7 +
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/code/ClassFinder.java |   16 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/code/Flags.java       |   53 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/code/Kinds.java       |    4 +
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/code/Preview.java     |    6 +
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/code/Source.java      |   14 +
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/code/Symbol.java      |   25 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/code/Symtab.java      |   20 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/code/Type.java        |   28 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/code/Types.java       |    7 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Annotate.java    |    2 +
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Attr.java        |  129 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/comp/AttrContext.java |    6 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Check.java       |  326 +-
 .../javac/comp/EarlyConstructionContext.java  |   64 +
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Enter.java       |    2 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Flow.java        |  108 +-
 .../sun/tools/javac/comp/LambdaToMethod.java  |   14 +
 .../tools/javac/comp/LocalProxyVarsGen.java   |  247 +
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Lower.java       |   62 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/comp/MemberEnter.java |    9 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Resolve.java     |  227 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/comp/TypeEnter.java   |    4 +
 .../sun/tools/javac/file/BaseFileManager.java |    6 +
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/file/JRTIndex.java    |  355 +-
 .../tools/javac/file/JavacFileManager.java    |   20 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/file/Locations.java   |   37 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/ClassReader.java  |   45 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/ClassWriter.java  |  167 +-
 .../classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Code.java |   85 +-
 .../classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java  |  123 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/PoolWriter.java   |   15 +
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/main/Arguments.java   |    7 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/main/Main.java        |    7 +
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/main/Option.java      |    1 +
 .../sun/tools/javac/parser/JavacParser.java   |   60 +-
 .../javac/platform/JDKPlatformProvider.java   |   32 +-
 .../tools/javac/resources/compiler.properties |   33 +
 .../tools/javac/resources/javac.properties    |    6 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/tree/TreeInfo.java    |   41 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/util/Bits.java        |    2 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/util/Names.java       |   14 +
 .../share/classes/module-info.java            |    1 +
 .../sun/jvm/hotspot/code/ObjectValue.java     |    6 +-
 .../jvm/hotspot/interpreter/Bytecodes.java    |   76 +-
 .../sun/jvm/hotspot/memory/FileMapInfo.java   |    9 +-
 .../sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/AccessFlags.java     |    6 +-
 .../classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Array.java   |    2 +-
 .../classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Field.java   |   15 +-
 .../sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/FieldType.java       |    2 +-
 .../sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/FlatArray.java       |   70 +
 .../sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/FlatArrayKlass.java  |   59 +
 .../sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/InlineKlass.java     |   56 +
 .../sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/InstanceKlass.java   |   12 +-
 .../classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Klass.java   |    3 +-
 .../sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Metadata.java        |    3 +
 .../classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Method.java  |    1 +
 .../sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/ObjectHeap.java      |    3 +-
 .../classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Oop.java     |    1 +
 .../sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/RefArrayKlass.java   |   55 +
 .../jvm/hotspot/runtime/ClassConstants.java   |   10 +-
 .../jvm/hotspot/tools/jcore/ClassWriter.java  |   20 +-
 .../hotspot/utilities/HeapHprofBinWriter.java |    6 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javap/AttributeWriter.java  |   39 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javap/BasicWriter.java      |   14 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javap/ClassWriter.java      |   23 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javap/StackMapWriter.java   |   22 +-
 .../classes/com/sun/tools/jdeprscan/Main.java |    2 +-
 src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/module-info.java  |    5 +-
 .../classes/com/sun/jdi/ObjectReference.java  |   29 +-
 .../classes/com/sun/jdi/ReferenceType.java    |   15 +-
 .../share/classes/com/sun/jdi/StackFrame.java |   10 +-
 .../classes/com/sun/jdi/ThreadReference.java  |    7 +-
 .../share/classes/com/sun/jdi/Value.java      |   12 +-
 .../sun/jdi/request/BreakpointRequest.java    |    6 +-
 .../com/sun/jdi/request/ExceptionRequest.java |    4 +-
 .../sun/jdi/request/MethodEntryRequest.java   |    4 +-
 .../sun/jdi/request/MethodExitRequest.java    |    4 +-
 .../request/MonitorContendedEnterRequest.java |    4 +-
 .../MonitorContendedEnteredRequest.java       |    4 +-
 .../sun/jdi/request/MonitorWaitRequest.java   |    4 +-
 .../sun/jdi/request/MonitorWaitedRequest.java |    4 +-
 .../com/sun/jdi/request/StepRequest.java      |    4 +-
 .../sun/jdi/request/WatchpointRequest.java    |    4 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/jdi/ClassTypeImpl.java      |   14 +-
 .../sun/tools/jdi/ObjectReferenceImpl.java    |   22 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/jdi/VMModifiers.java        |    1 +
 .../com/sun/tools/jdi/VirtualMachineImpl.java |    4 +
 .../native/libjdwp/ObjectReferenceImpl.c      |    2 +-
 .../share/native/libjdwp/commonRef.c          |   14 +-
 .../share/native/libjdwp/util.c               |    1 -
 .../share/native/libjdwp/util.h               |    3 +-
 .../share/classes/sun/misc/Unsafe.java        |   12 +
 .../sun/reflect/ReflectionFactory.java        |   16 +-
 .../servercompiler/filters/showTypes.filter   |    7 +-
 .../sun/hotspot/tools/compiler/Constants.java |    3 +-
 test/docs/ProblemList.txt                     |    1 +
 test/hotspot/gtest/code/test_vtableStub.cpp   |   16 +-
 .../gtest/gc/shared/test_preservedMarks.cpp   |    2 +-
 test/hotspot/gtest/oops/test_flatArrayOop.cpp |   65 +
 .../hotspot/gtest/oops/test_instanceKlass.cpp |    4 +-
 test/hotspot/gtest/oops/test_markWord.cpp     |  134 +-
 test/hotspot/gtest/oops/test_objArrayOop.cpp  |   67 +-
 .../gtest/runtime/test_classPrinter.cpp       |   16 +-
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-AotJdk.txt     |    1 +
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-StaticJdk.txt  |    1 +
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Virtual.txt    |    2 +
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt      |    3 +
 .../jtreg/ProblemList-enable-preview.txt      |    8 +
 .../jtreg/ProblemList-jvmti-stress-agent.txt  |    1 +
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-zgc.txt        |    2 +
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt            |   19 +
 test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.ROOT                  |    1 +
 test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups                |   45 +-
 .../arraycopy/TestObjectArrayClone.java       |    4 +
 .../compiler/c1/CanonicalizeGetModifiers.java |   52 +-
 .../c2/cmove/TestConditionalMove.java         |    4 +-
 .../compiler/c2/cmove/TestFPComparison2.java  |    3 +-
 .../TestScalarConditionalMoveCmpObj.java      |   38 +-
 .../ScalarReplacementWithGCBarrierTests.java  |   12 +-
 .../irTests/stable/StableFlatArrayTest.java   |  148 +
 .../c2/irTests/stable/StableRefArrayTest.java |    9 +-
 .../c2/irTests/stable/StableRefFinalTest.java |    8 +-
 .../c2/irTests/stable/StableRefPlainTest.java |   15 +-
 .../jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/ErrorFile.java    |   50 +
 .../jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/PrintIdeal.java   |   84 +
 .../jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/ReplayFile.java   |   81 +
 .../TestInliningProtectionDomain.java         |   21 +-
 .../ciReplay/TestUnresolvedClasses.java       |  103 +-
 .../ciReplay/TestValueClassArrays.java        |  183 +
 .../compiler/codegen/TestRedundantLea.java    |  101 +-
 ...stIdentityWithEliminateBoxInDebugInfo.java |    6 +-
 .../eliminateAutobox/TestLongBoxing.java      |    2 +
 .../compiler/escapeAnalysis/Test8329757.java  |    2 +-
 .../OptimizeImplicitExceptions.java           |    4 +-
 .../gcbarriers/TestG1BarrierGeneration.java   |   33 +-
 .../gcbarriers/TestImplicitNullChecks.java    |   24 +-
 .../gcbarriers/TestZGCBarrierElision.java     |   30 +-
 .../igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java     |   15 +-
 .../intrinsics/bmi/BMITestRunner.java         |    3 +-
 .../intrinsics/klass/TestGetModifiers.java    |   52 +-
 .../compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java     |  133 +-
 .../lib/ir_framework/TestFramework.java       |   12 +
 .../test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java        |    3 +
 .../lib/ir_framework/test/TestVM.java         |   23 +-
 .../compiler/locks/TestLockElimination.java   |   66 +
 .../SplitIfSharedFastLockBehindCastPP.java    |   11 +-
 .../stable/TestStableArrayMembars.java        |   61 +-
 .../jtreg/compiler/startup/StartupOutput.java |    2 +-
 .../ConstantGettersTransitionsTest.java       |    1 +
 .../TestMeetIncompatibleInterfaceArrays.java  |    1 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/BlackholeTest.java   |   82 +
 .../inlinetypes/CorrectlyRestoreRfp.java      |  156 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/GetfieldChains.jcod  |  744 +++
 .../inlinetypes/GraphShouldBeSchedulable.java |   77 +
 .../inlinetypes/InlineTypeIRNode.java         |  100 +
 .../inlinetypes/InlineTypeRegexes.java        |   37 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypes.java     |  162 +
 .../inlinetypes/LarvalDetectionAboveOSR.java  |  283 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/MyAbstract.java      |   32 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/MyInterface.java     |   29 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue1.java        |  198 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2.java        |  149 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3.java        |  271 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue4.java        |   84 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValueClass1.java   |  188 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValueClass2.java   |  146 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValueEmpty.java    |   38 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/NonValueClass.java   |   35 +
 ...PutFlatValueWithoutUseArrayFlattening.java |   86 +
 .../inlinetypes/RepairStackWithBigFrame.java  |   61 +
 .../inlinetypes/SimpleInlineType.java         |   42 +
 .../TestAbstractStrictFinalField.java         |   81 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestAcmpCyclicInlineType.java |   76 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestAcmpEdgeCases.java        |  476 ++
 .../inlinetypes/TestAcmpFastPath.java         |  503 ++
 .../inlinetypes/TestAcmpFastPathPerf.java     |   78 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestAcmpStressUnstableIf.java |   69 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestAcmpWithUnstableIf.java   |  149 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestAdapterSharing.java       |   74 +
 .../TestAllocationMergeAndFolding.java        |  179 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestArrayAccessDeopt.java     |  147 +
 .../TestArrayAccessProfileRace.java           |  166 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayCopy.java   |  696 +++
 .../inlinetypes/TestArrayCopyWithOops.java    |  247 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestArrayMetadata.java        |  565 ++
 .../inlinetypes/TestArrayNullMarkers.java     | 1445 +++++
 ...tArrayRematerializationWithProperties.java |  104 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrays.java      | 4188 +++++++++++++
 .../inlinetypes/TestArraysCopyOf.java         |  387 ++
 .../inlinetypes/TestBasicFunctionality.java   | 1338 ++++
 .../inlinetypes/TestBimorphicInlining.java    |  141 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestBufferLost.java  |  150 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestBufferTearingC1.java      |  135 +
 .../compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestC1.java |  380 ++
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestC1AcmpCEE.java   |   87 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestC1ValueNumbering.java     |   89 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestC2CCalls.java    |  673 ++
 ...allDevirtualizationWithUnloadedReturn.java |   82 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestCallProjSubsumed.java     |   51 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestCallingConvention.java    | 1601 +++++
 .../inlinetypes/TestCallingConventionC1.java  | 2404 +++++++
 .../inlinetypes/TestCastMismatch.java         |   89 +
 .../TestDeadAllocationRemoval.java            |  158 +
 .../TestDeadInlineTypeFieldOffset.java        |  102 +
 .../TestDeadLoopLateInliningWithValues.java   |  148 +
 .../TestDeadSubstitutabilityCallInIdeal.java  |  118 +
 .../TestDeoptimizationWhenBuffering.java      |  358 ++
 .../TestEAPhisWithFlatArrayAccesses.java      |  105 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestEAScalarizedArg.java      |   87 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestEliminateAutoBox.java     |  412 ++
 .../inlinetypes/TestExplosiveValueClass.java  |  181 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestFieldNullMarkers.java     | 1470 +++++
 .../TestFlatArrayAliasesCardMark.java         |   69 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayLoadPinning.java |   81 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayMemoryPhi.java   |   65 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayThreshold.java   |  170 +
 .../TestFlatInArraySpeculation.java           |  253 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestFlatInArraysFolding.java  |  335 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestGenerated.java   |  375 ++
 .../inlinetypes/TestGetCyclicField.java       |   65 +
 .../TestGetFlatValueNullableNonAtomic.java    |   71 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestGetfieldChains.java       |  298 +
 .../TestImplicitNullCheckInIC.java            |  102 +
 .../TestInlineFieldNonFlattened.java          |  103 +
 .../TestInlineTypeInfinitePushThruPhi.java    |   79 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java  | 2247 +++++++
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIsInstance.java  |  140 +
 .../TestIsSubstitutableReresolution.java      |   61 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestJNICalls.java    |  192 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java      | 5514 +++++++++++++++++
 .../inlinetypes/TestLWorldProfiling.java      | 1386 +++++
 .../TestLateInliningIncorrectArgs.java        |   91 +
 .../TestLoadRefinedArrayKlass.java            |  195 +
 .../TestLoadingDefaultRefinedArrayKlass.java  |  124 +
 ...TestLoopUnswitchingWithFlatArrayCheck.java |   68 +
 .../TestMakeFromOopReturnValue.java           |   83 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestMeetingAryPtr.java        |   86 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMemBars.java     |  283 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestMethodHandles.java        |  638 ++
 .../inlinetypes/TestMismatchHandling.java     |  212 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestMismatchHandling.jcod     | 3704 +++++++++++
 .../TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java        |  426 ++
 .../inlinetypes/TestMissingOptAcmp.java       |   66 +
 .../TestMissingOptCastSpeculative.java        |   83 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestMissingOptUseBaseOop.java |   70 +
 .../TestMissingOptUseBaseOopNested.java       |  105 +
 .../TestMissingOptUseBaseOopParsing.java      |   71 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestMultidimArrays.java       |   94 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNativeClone.java |   76 +
 ...oopUnswitchingWithManyFlatArrayChecks.java |  100 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestNestmateAccess.java       |  222 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNewAcmp.java     | 1899 ++++++
 .../inlinetypes/TestNullableArrays.java       | 3422 ++++++++++
 .../inlinetypes/TestNullableInlineTypes.java  | 3443 ++++++++++
 .../inlinetypes/TestOnStackReplacement.java   |  387 ++
 .../TestOopsInReturnConvention.java           |  248 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestOptimizeKlassCmp.java     |   71 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestOptimizePtrCompare.java   |  234 +
 ...TestPollutedCallsiteProfileInlineType.java |   81 +
 .../TestPushThroughPhiNotification.java       |   64 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestReallocWithoutEA.java     |   52 +
 .../TestSafepointAtPollReturn.java            |   66 +
 .../TestSafepointScalarizationNodeGrowth.java |  110 +
 ...TestScalarizeVboxWithScalarizedValues.java |   83 +
 ...larizeVboxWithScalarizedValuesAndHalf.java |   83 +
 ...larizedCCReceiverOnlyEntryAllocBuffer.java |  105 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestSpeculateArrayAccess.java |   76 +
 .../TestStaleArrayTypeInArrayStore.java       |   55 +
 .../TestStressReturnBuffering.java            |   76 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestStrictFieldBarriers.java  |  234 +
 .../TestStrictFinalExitMemBar.java            |  148 +
 .../TestSubstitutabilityWithCOH.java          |   68 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestTearing.java     |  432 ++
 .../inlinetypes/TestTrivialMethods.java       |  190 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestUnexpectedMemBar.java     |  140 +
 .../TestUninitializedValueClass.java          |   45 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestUnloadedCastType.java     |   61 +
 .../TestUnloadedInlineTypeArray.java          |  545 ++
 .../TestUnloadedInlineTypeField.java          | 1037 ++++
 .../inlinetypes/TestUnloadedReturnTypes.java  |  217 +
 .../TestUnresolvedInlineClass.java            |   66 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestValueClasses.java         | 1033 +++
 .../inlinetypes/TestValueConstruction.java    | 1901 ++++++
 .../TestValueInvokeStaticDuringClinit.java    |   69 +
 .../TestValueRematDuringTypeSharpening.java   |   87 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestVirtualThreads.java       |  822 +++
 .../inlinetypes/TestWithSpeculativeTypes.java |   67 +
 ...tWrongFlatArrayCopyStubWithShenandoah.java |   98 +
 .../TestWrongFlatArrayCopyStubWithZGC.java    |   99 +
 .../bootstrap/InstallBootstrapClasses.java    |   51 +
 .../bootstrap/TestBootClassloader.java        |  108 +
 .../bootstrap/ValueOnBootclasspath.java       |   44 +
 ...etUnresolvedInlineFieldWrongSignature.java |  108 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/libTestJNICalls.c    |   45 +
 .../TestVectorsNotSavedAtSafepoint.java       |    3 +-
 test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestBigObj.java         |    1 +
 .../g1/TestEagerReclaimHumongousRegions.java  |  131 +-
 .../jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/ByteCursor.java  |    6 +-
 .../jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/Bytecode.java    |    8 +-
 .../jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/ClassInfo.java   |    3 +-
 .../gc/stress/gcbasher/ConstantPoolEntry.java |   35 +-
 .../jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/Decompiler.java  |   20 +-
 .../jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/Dependency.java  |   22 +-
 .../jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/MethodInfo.java  |   33 +-
 .../gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasher.java      |   12 +-
 .../TestGCBasherWithAllocateHeapAt.java       |    4 +-
 .../stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithG1.java   |    4 +-
 .../gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithParallel.java    |    6 +-
 .../gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithSerial.java      |    4 +-
 .../gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithShenandoah.java  |   20 +-
 .../gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithZ.java |    6 +-
 test/hotspot/jtreg/gtest/ObjArrayTests.java   |   31 +-
 .../jtreg/native_sanity/JniVersion.java       |    6 +-
 .../runtime/ValueTearingTest.java             |  361 ++
 .../ClassFile/ClassAccessFlagsRawTest.java    |   25 +-
 .../AccessZeroNKlassHitsProtectionZone.java   |    5 +-
 .../MachCodeFramesInErrorFile.java            |    2 +-
 .../UncaughtNativeExceptionTest.java          |    3 +-
 .../runtime/InnerClassesAttr/OuterTest1.jcod  |    2 +-
 .../runtime/InnerClassesAttr/OuterTest2.jcod  |    2 +-
 .../jtreg/runtime/cds/AOTMapReader.java       |   80 +-
 .../cds/TestDefaultArchiveLoading.java        |    8 +-
 .../cds/appcds/ArchiveRelocationTest.java     |    6 +-
 .../ArchivedFieldMetadataMismatchTest.java    |  159 +
 .../cds/appcds/HelloInlineClassTest.java      |   84 +
 .../cds/appcds/InlineFieldExclusionTest.java  |   95 +
 .../appcds/RewriteBytecodesInlineTest.java    |   65 +
 .../cds/appcds/aotCache/AOTMapTest.java       |   29 +-
 .../aotCache/test-classes/AOTMapTestApp.java  |  144 +
 .../cacheObject/ArchivedArrayLayoutsApp.java  |  129 +
 .../cacheObject/ArchivedFlatArrayApp.java     |  157 +
 .../cacheObject/ArchivedFlatArrayTest.java    |   76 +
 .../cacheObject/CheckIntegerCacheApp.java     |   19 +-
 .../runtime/cds/appcds/condy/CondyHello.jasm  |    4 +-
 .../appcds/customLoader/ClassListFormatE.java |    2 +-
 .../DynamicArchiveRelocationTest.java         |   13 +-
 .../HelloDynamicInlineClass.java              |   75 +
 .../NullableFlatFieldDynamicTest.java         |   89 +
 .../appcds/jigsaw/module/ModuleOption.java    |    7 +-
 .../test-classes/HelloInlineClassApp.java     |  130 +
 .../appcds/test-classes/HelloRelocation.java  |   30 +
 .../test-classes/InlineFieldExclusionApp.java |   43 +
 .../test-classes/NullableFlatFieldApp.java    |  286 +
 .../cds/appcds/test-classes/Point.java        |   34 +
 .../test-classes/RewriteBytecodesInline.java  |   59 +
 .../StaticNullRestrictedExclusionApp.java     |   44 +
 .../appcds/test-classes/WithInlinedField.java |   35 +
 .../excluded/ExcludedValueClass.java          |   41 +
 .../ReplaceCriticalClassesForSubgraphs.java   |   21 +-
 .../runtime/clinit/ClassInitBarrier.java      |  111 +-
 .../runtime/clinit/libClassInitBarrier.cpp    |   18 +-
 .../runtime/condy/CondyBadBSMArrayTest.java   |    4 +-
 .../jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyBadBSMIndex.jcod |    4 +-
 .../jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyBadLDC.jasm      |    4 +-
 .../jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyBadLDC2_W.jasm   |    4 +-
 .../runtime/condy/CondyEmptyBSMArray1.jcod    |    4 +-
 .../jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyNoBSMArray.jcod  |    4 +-
 .../jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyUseLDC_W.jasm    |    4 +-
 .../jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyUsesIndyBSM.jcod |    4 +-
 .../jtreg/runtime/condy/IndyUsesCondyBSM.jcod |    4 +-
 .../runtime/condy/staticInit/Example.jasm     |    4 +-
 .../runtime/contended/OopMapsCustomValue.java |  173 +
 .../NullPointerExceptionTest.java             |    4 +-
 .../PatchModule/PatchModuleDupModule.java     |    6 +-
 .../inlinetypes/AbstractValueClassTest.java   |   54 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/AcmpTest.java        |  193 +
 .../inlinetypes/AnnotationsTests.java         |  292 +
 .../inlinetypes/ArrayCopyStoreNull.java       |   62 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/ArrayQueryTest.java  |  115 +
 .../ClassInitializationFailuresTest.java      |  225 +
 .../inlinetypes/ClassPrintLayoutDcmd.java     |   90 +
 .../inlinetypes/ContendedFlatFieldOopMap.java |   80 +
 .../inlinetypes/DirectMethodTest.java         |  105 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/EmptyInlineTest.java |  179 +
 .../inlinetypes/FlatArrayCopyingTest.java     |  139 +
 .../FlatArrayLargeIndicesTest.java            |   97 +
 .../FlatArrayLargeOverlapCopyTest.java        |   77 +
 .../FlatArrayLargePrimitiveOnly.java          |   68 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatArraysTest.java  |  590 ++
 .../inlinetypes/FlatFieldAccessorMethods.java |  108 +
 .../inlinetypes/FlattenableSemanticTest.java  |  186 +
 .../inlinetypes/HashOverflowTest.java         |   68 +
 .../inlinetypes/HiddenInlineClassTest.java    |   78 +
 .../runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/Ifacmp.java  |  216 +
 .../inlinetypes/InheritedFlatFieldTest.java   |  103 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineOops.java      |  717 +++
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeArray.java |  895 +++
 .../inlinetypes/InlineTypeCreation.java       |  108 +
 .../inlinetypes/InlineTypeDensity.java        |  334 +
 .../inlinetypes/InlineTypeGetField.java       |   99 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypesTest.java |  529 ++
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineWithJni.java   |  368 ++
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/JumboInline.java     |   94 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/Long8Inline.java     |   84 +
 .../inlinetypes/MonitorEnterTest.java         |   88 +
 .../inlinetypes/NullRestrictedArrayTest.java  |  153 +
 .../inlinetypes/NullableFlatFieldTest.java    |  298 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/ObjectMethods.java   |  285 +
 .../runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/Person.java  |   48 +
 .../runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/Point.java   |   56 +
 .../inlinetypes/PreloadCircularityTest.java   |  382 ++
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/PreloadShared.java}  |   18 +-
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/PreloadValue0.java   |   24 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/QuickeningTest.java  |  231 +
 .../inlinetypes/StaticFieldsTest.java         |  159 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/Test8186715.java     |   72 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestArrayFactories.java       |  438 ++
 .../inlinetypes/TestCloneableValue.java       |   91 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestFieldNullability.java     |  103 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestFinalizableValues.java    |  144 +
 .../TestFlatArrayElementMaxOops.java          |   99 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestFlatteningBudget.java     |  149 +
 .../TestInheritedInlineTypeFields.java        |  113 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestJNIAllocObject.java       |   57 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestJNIHasIdentity.java       |   58 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestJNIIsSameObject.java      |   84 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestJNINewWeakGlobalRef.java  |   66 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/UnsafeTest.java      |  464 ++
 .../inlinetypes/ValueCopyingTest.java         |  105 +
 .../inlinetypes/ValuePreloadClient0.java      |   30 +
 .../inlinetypes/ValuePreloadClient1.jcod      |  154 +
 .../inlinetypes/ValuePreloadTest.java         |   71 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/ValueTearing.java    |  363 ++
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/VarArgsArray.java    |  216 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/VolatileTest.java    |   85 +
 .../inlinetypes/WrappersOffsetTest.java       |   97 +
 .../IllegalFieldModifiers.java                |   72 +
 .../inlinetypes/classfileparser/LDTest.jcod   |  206 +
 .../NullRestrictionWithoutPreview.java        |   59 +
 .../TestIllegalLoadableDescriptors.java       |   51 +
 .../classfileparser/ValueClassValidation.java |  120 +
 .../cfpValueClassValidation.jcod              | 1258 ++++
 .../classfileparser/fieldModifiersTest.jcod   |  637 ++
 .../classloading/BigClassTreeClassLoader.java |  291 +
 .../inlinetypes/classloading/Child.jcod       |   51 +
 .../ConcurrentClassLoadingTest.java           |   96 +
 .../inlinetypes/classloading/InnerValue.java  |    3 +
 .../classloading/LoadableDescriptorsTest.java |   76 +
 .../inlinetypes/classloading/OuterValue.java  |    3 +
 .../inlinetypes/classloading/Parent.jcod      |   51 +
 .../classloading/PreLoadCircularityTest.java  |   72 +
 .../classloading/PreLoadDoesNotInitTest.java  |   73 +
 ...oadFailuresDoNotImpactApplicationTest.java |  130 +
 .../ValueClassInheritanceTest.java            |   61 +
 .../field_layout/EmptyValueTest.java          |  179 +
 .../field_layout/FieldAlignmentTest.java      |  277 +
 .../field_layout/FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java     |  891 +++
 .../field_layout/NullMarkersTest.java         |  424 ++
 .../field_layout/StrictFinalTest.java         |  303 +
 .../inlinetypes/field_layout/TEST.properties  |    1 +
 .../TestAbstractValueTemplate.java.template   |   39 +
 .../field_layout/TestLayoutFlags.java         |  291 +
 .../TestValueTemplate.java.template           |   95 +
 .../field_layout/ValueClassGenerator.java     |  654 ++
 .../field_layout/ValueComparisonTest.java     |   89 +
 .../field_layout/ValueCompositionTest.java    |  511 ++
 .../ValueFieldInheritanceTest.java            |  291 +
 ...ValueObjectContainerTemplate.java.template |  489 ++
 .../ValueObjectContainerTest.java             |  234 +
 .../field_layout/ValueRandomLayoutTest.java   |  160 +
 .../inlinetypes/libInheritedFlatFieldTest.c   |   58 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/libInlineWithJni.c   |   74 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/libJNIAllocObject.c  |   29 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/libJNIHasIdentity.c  |   29 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/libJNIIsSameObject.c |   32 +
 .../inlinetypes/libJNINewWeakGlobalRef.c      |   29 +
 .../inlinetypes/libMonitorEnterTest.c         |   34 +
 .../inlinetypes/verifier/BadChild.jasm        |   71 +
 .../inlinetypes/verifier/BadChild1.jasm       |   71 +
 .../inlinetypes/verifier/Bnoinit_BAD.jasm     |   51 +
 .../inlinetypes/verifier/Brbefore_BAD.jasm    |   60 +
 .../verifier/ControlFlowChildBad.jasm         |  103 +
 .../inlinetypes/verifier/Creflbefore_BAD.jasm |   98 +
 .../inlinetypes/verifier/Cwreflective_OK.jasm |   77 +
 .../verifier/EarlyLarvalNotSubset.jcod        |  296 +
 .../verifier/EndsInEarlyLarval.jcod           |  295 +
 .../verifier/InvalidIndexInEarlyLarval.jcod   |  296 +
 .../verifier/NestedEarlyLarval.jcod           |  273 +
 .../verifier/RedefineStrictFieldsTest.java    |  113 +
 .../verifier/StrictFieldNotSubset.jasm        |   51 +
 .../inlinetypes/verifier/StrictFields.java    |   87 +
 .../inlinetypes/verifier/StrictFieldsNew.java |   51 +
 .../inlinetypes/verifier/StrictFieldsOld.java |   49 +
 .../verifier/StrictInstanceFieldsTest.java    |  309 +
 .../verifier/StrictStaticFieldsTest.java      |  196 +
 .../verifier/StrictStaticTests.java           |  304 +
 .../verifier/TryCatchChildBad.jasm            |   88 +
 .../inlinetypes/verifier/UninitThisAcmp.jasm  |   43 +
 .../verifier/UninitThisAcmpOld.jasm           |   40 +
 .../verifier/UninitThisIfNull.jasm            |   42 +
 .../verifier/UninitThisIfNullOld.jasm         |   40 +
 .../verifier/UninitializedAcmp.jasm           |   44 +
 .../verifier/UninitializedAcmpOld.jasm        |   41 +
 .../verifier/UninitializedIfNull.jasm         |   42 +
 .../verifier/UninitializedIfNullOld.jasm      |   39 +
 .../UninitializedThisVerificationTest.java    |   61 +
 .../inlinetypes/verifier/VTAssignability.java |   89 +
 .../inlinetypes/verifier/VTMonitor.java       |   54 +
 .../verifier/WriteAfterReadRefl.jasm          |   83 +
 .../inlinetypes/verifier/strictFields.jasm    |  101 +
 .../runtime/verifier/CFLH/TestVerify.java     |    1 +
 .../ForceEarlyReturnValueClass.java           |  250 +
 .../libForceEarlyReturnValueClass.cpp         |   64 +
 .../GetClassModifiers/GetClassModifiers.java  |   39 +
 .../GetClassModifiersTest.java                |  204 +
 .../GetValueClassModifiersTest.java           |  110 +
 .../libGetClassModifiers.cpp                  |   55 +
 .../RedefineLeakThrowableValue.java           |   73 +
 .../FieldAccessModify/FieldAccessModify.java  |  218 +
 .../libFieldAccessModify.cpp                  |  334 +
 .../ValueForceEarlyReturn.java                |  153 +
 .../libValueForceEarlyReturn.cpp              |   76 +
 .../GetClassFields/ValueGetClassFields.java   |   91 +
 .../GetClassFields/libValueGetClassFields.cpp |   78 +
 .../GetCtorLocal/ValueGetCtorLocal.java       |   68 +
 .../GetCtorLocal/libValueGetCtorLocal.cpp     |   90 +
 .../ValueGetObjectHashCodeTest.java           |   84 +
 .../libValueGetObjectHashCodeTest.cpp         |   54 +
 .../ValueGetObjectMonitorUsage.java           |   92 +
 .../libValueGetObjectMonitorUsage.cpp         |   98 +
 .../GetObjectSize/ValueGetObjectSize.java     |   92 +
 .../GetObjectSize/libValueGetObjectSize.cpp   |   60 +
 .../GetSetLocal/ValueGetSetLocal.java         |   76 +
 .../GetSetLocal/libValueGetSetLocal.cpp       |   89 +
 .../jvmti/valhalla/HeapDump/HeapDump.java     |  480 ++
 .../HeapwalkDupClasses.java                   |   96 +
 .../libHeapwalkDupClasses.cpp                 |  129 +
 .../Heapwalking/ValueHeapwalkingTest.java     |  347 ++
 .../Heapwalking/libValueHeapwalkingTest.cpp   |  321 +
 .../SampledObjectAllocValue.java              |   58 +
 .../libSampledObjectAllocValue.cpp            |  142 +
 .../valhalla/SetTag/ValueTagMapTest.java      |  149 +
 .../valhalla/SetTag/libValueTagMapTest.cpp    |   55 +
 .../VMObjectAllocValueTest.java               |   58 +
 .../libVMObjectAllocValueTest.cpp             |  120 +
 .../ToggleNotifyJvmtiTest.java                |    1 -
 .../sa/TestInstanceKlassSize.java             |    1 -
 .../asm/org/objectweb/asm/Opcodes.java        |    1 +
 .../test/lib/jittester/ProductionParams.java  |    4 +-
 .../test/lib/jittester/TestsGenerator.java    |    3 +-
 .../lib/jittester/classes/ValueKlass.java     |   74 +
 .../factories/AbstractKlassFactory.java       |  300 +
 .../ClassDefinitionBlockFactory.java          |   18 +-
 .../factories/DeclarationFactory.java         |   25 +-
 .../FunctionDefinitionBlockFactory.java       |    8 +-
 .../jittester/factories/IRNodeBuilder.java    |   41 +-
 .../lib/jittester/factories/KlassFactory.java |  275 +-
 .../factories/ValueKlassFactory.java          |  106 +
 .../VariableDeclarationBlockFactory.java      |    2 +-
 .../test/lib/jittester/types/TypeKlass.java   |   20 +-
 .../jittester/visitors/ByteCodeVisitor.java   |    8 +-
 .../jittester/visitors/JavaCodeVisitor.java   |   35 +-
 .../test/lib/jittester/visitors/Visitor.java  |    4 +-
 .../ir_framework/tests/TestIRMatching.java    |   13 +-
 .../vmTestbase/gc/ArrayJuggle/Juggle3.java    |    4 +
 .../gc/ArrayJuggle/Juggle3Quick.java          |    1 +
 .../Accessible/modifiers/modifiers001.java    |   15 +-
 .../valueToBe/valuetobe001a.java              |   32 +-
 .../Interfaces/interfaces001.java             |    2 +-
 .../jvmti/GetClassModifiers/getclmdf006.java  |    2 +-
 .../GetObjectMonitorUsage/objmonusage007.java |   82 +
 .../objmonusage007/libobjmonusage007.cpp      |   33 +
 .../objmonusage007/objmonusage007.cpp         |  172 +
 .../monitoring/stress/lowmem/lowmem001.java   |    4 +-
 .../nsk/share/gc/DefaultProducer.java         |   50 +
 .../jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/Memory.java |   59 +-
 .../vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/MemoryObject.java |   25 +-
 .../nsk/share/gc/NonbranchyTree.java          |   19 +-
 .../nsk/share/gc/gp/GarbageProducers.java     |   61 +
 .../nsk/share/gc/gp/GarbageUtils.java         |   16 +-
 .../nsk/share/gc/tree/TreeNode.java           |   10 +-
 .../nsk/share/test/LocalRandom.java           |   82 +
 .../nsk/stress/jni/gclocker/gcl001.java       |    8 +-
 test/jaxp/ProblemList.txt                     |    1 +
 test/jdk/ProblemList-AotJdk.txt               |    1 +
 test/jdk/ProblemList-StaticJdk.txt            |    1 +
 test/jdk/ProblemList-Virtual.txt              |    1 +
 test/jdk/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt                |    1 +
 test/jdk/ProblemList-enable-preview.txt       |    1 +
 test/jdk/ProblemList-jvmti-stress-agent.txt   |    1 +
 test/jdk/ProblemList-shenandoah.txt           |    1 +
 test/jdk/ProblemList-zgc.txt                  |    1 +
 test/jdk/ProblemList.txt                      |    7 +
 test/jdk/TEST.groups                          |   32 +-
 test/jdk/com/sun/jdi/TestScaffold.java        |    5 +-
 .../sun/jdi/valhalla/CtorDebuggingTest.java   |  439 ++
 .../jdi/valhalla/FieldWatchpointsTest.java    |  169 +
 .../jdi/valhalla/ValueArrayReferenceTest.java |  188 +
 .../sun/jdi/valhalla/ValueClassTypeTest.java  |  120 +
 .../records/BadCanonicalCtrTest.java          |   29 +-
 .../SerializeAllValueClasses.java             |  344 +
 .../valueObjects/SerializedObjectCombo.java   | 1384 +++++
 .../valueObjects/SimpleValueGraphs.java       |  403 ++
 .../valueObjects/ValueSerializationTest.java  |  695 +++
 .../java/lang/Class/GenericStringTest.java    |    7 +
 .../TestPrimitiveAndArrayModifiers.java       |   14 +-
 .../java/lang/IdentityExceptionBasicTest.java |   65 +
 test/jdk/java/lang/Object/ValueObjects.java   |  172 +
 .../java/lang/instrument/RetransformApp.java  |    1 +
 .../RedefineValueClass/Host/Host.java         |   31 +
 .../RedefineValueClass/Host/redef/Host.java   |   32 +
 .../RedefineValueClass/HostA/Host.java        |   33 +
 .../RedefineValueClass/HostA/redef/Host.java  |   33 +
 .../RedefineValueClass/HostAB/Host.java       |   35 +
 .../RedefineValueClass/HostAB/redef/Host.java |   35 +
 .../HostABC/redef/Host.java                   |   37 +
 .../RedefineValueClass/HostAC/redef/Host.java |   35 +
 .../RedefineValueClass/HostB/redef/Host.java  |   33 +
 .../RedefineValueClass/HostBA/redef/Host.java |   35 +
 .../RedefineValueClass/HostI/Host.java        |   32 +
 .../RedefineValueClass/HostI/redef/Host.java  |   32 +
 .../RedefineValueClass.java                   |  223 +
 .../_HostACB/redef/Host.java                  |   32 +
 .../_HostBAC/redef/Host.java                  |   32 +
 .../_HostBCA/redef/Host.java                  |   32 +
 .../_HostCAB/redef/Host.java                  |   32 +
 .../_HostCBA/redef/Host.java                  |   32 +
 .../valhalla/RetransformValueClass.java       |  116 +
 test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/TEST.properties     |    2 -
 .../VarHandles/StrictInitializingTest.java    |  198 +
 .../java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/Value.java    |   34 +
 .../VarHandleBaseByteArrayTest.java           |    4 +
 .../invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleBaseTest.java  |    8 +
 .../VarHandleTestAccessBoolean.java           |    2 +
 .../VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessByte.java   |    2 +
 .../VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessChar.java   |    2 +
 .../VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessDouble.java |    2 +
 .../VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessFloat.java  |    2 +
 .../VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessInt.java    |    2 +
 .../VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessLong.java   |    2 +
 .../VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessShort.java  |    2 +
 .../VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessString.java |    2 +
 .../VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessValue.java  | 1400 +++++
 ...arHandleTestMethodHandleAccessBoolean.java |    2 +
 .../VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessByte.java  |    2 +
 .../VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessChar.java  |    2 +
 ...VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessDouble.java |    2 +
 .../VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessFloat.java |    2 +
 .../VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessInt.java   |    2 +
 .../VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessLong.java  |    2 +
 .../VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessShort.java |    2 +
 ...VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessString.java |    2 +
 .../VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessValue.java |  791 +++
 .../VarHandleTestMethodTypeBoolean.java       |    2 +
 .../VarHandleTestMethodTypeByte.java          |    2 +
 .../VarHandleTestMethodTypeChar.java          |    2 +
 .../VarHandleTestMethodTypeDouble.java        |    2 +
 .../VarHandleTestMethodTypeFloat.java         |    2 +
 .../VarHandleTestMethodTypeInt.java           |    2 +
 .../VarHandleTestMethodTypeLong.java          |    2 +
 .../VarHandleTestMethodTypeShort.java         |    2 +
 .../VarHandleTestMethodTypeString.java        |    2 +
 .../VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.java         | 2061 ++++++
 .../X-VarHandleTestAccess.java.template       |   26 +-
 ...HandleTestMethodHandleAccess.java.template |    6 +
 .../X-VarHandleTestMethodType.java.template   |  426 +-
 .../invoke/VarHandles/generate-vh-tests.sh    |   18 +-
 .../java/lang/invoke/LookupHelper.java        |   30 +
 .../CallerSensitiveAccess.java                |   28 +-
 .../invoke/defineHiddenClass/BasicTest.java   |   10 +-
 .../defineHiddenClass/HiddenValueClass.java   |   61 +
 .../module/ModuleReader/ModuleReaderTest.java |  111 +-
 .../lang/ref/ReferenceEnqueuePending.java     |   55 +-
 .../AccessFlag/BasicAccessFlagTest.java       |    2 +
 .../ClassAccessFlagPreviewTest.java           |  263 +
 .../AccessFlag/ClassAccessFlagTest.java       |    3 +-
 .../AccessFlag/SuperAccessFlagTest.java       |   87 +
 .../AccessFlag/VersionedLocationsTest.java    |    4 +-
 .../Field/AccessStrictInitInClinit.java       |  175 +
 .../lang/reflect/Field/IsStrictInitTest.java  |  131 +
 .../reflect/Field/StrictInitFinalFields.java  |  148 +
 .../valhalla/ValueClassesReflectionTest.java  |  108 +
 .../java/util/Arrays/ArrayObjectMethods.java  |   30 +-
 .../jdk/java/util/Arrays/ArraysEqCmpTest.java |  114 +-
 test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/AsList.java         |   16 +-
 test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/Big.java            |   41 +-
 test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/CopyMethods.java    |   19 +-
 test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/Correct.java        |   80 +-
 test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/Fill.java           |   21 +
 test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/HashCode.java       |   35 +
 test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/SetAllTest.java     |   59 +-
 test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/Sorting.java        |   47 +-
 .../util/Arrays/StreamAndSpliterator.java     |   33 +-
 .../Arrays/largeMemory/ParallelPrefix.java    |   48 +
 .../java/util/Collection/IteratorAtEnd.java   |   15 +-
 test/jdk/java/util/Collection/MOAT.java       |    3 +-
 test/jdk/java/util/Collections/AddAll.java    |   37 +-
 .../java/util/Collections/AsLifoQueue.java    |   15 +-
 .../util/Collections/BigBinarySearch.java     |   19 +-
 .../BinarySearchNullComparator.java           |   10 +-
 .../util/Collections/CheckedIdentityMap.java  |   26 +-
 .../util/Collections/CheckedListBash.java     |   33 +-
 .../Collections/CheckedListReplaceAll.java    |   16 +-
 .../java/util/Collections/CheckedMapBash.java |   20 +-
 .../Collections/CheckedMapReplaceAll.java     |   18 +-
 .../java/util/Collections/CheckedQueue.java   |   17 +-
 .../java/util/Collections/CheckedSetBash.java |   23 +-
 test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Disjoint.java  |   11 +-
 test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Enum.java      |   13 +-
 .../Collections/EnumerationAsIterator.java    |   11 +-
 .../java/util/Collections/FindSubList.java    |   12 +-
 test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Frequency.java |   17 +-
 test/jdk/java/util/Collections/NCopies.java   |   15 +-
 .../java/util/Collections/NullComparator.java |   18 +-
 .../jdk/java/util/Collections/ReplaceAll.java |   11 +-
 .../java/util/Collections/ReverseOrder.java   |   10 +-
 .../java/util/Collections/ReverseOrder2.java  |   11 +-
 test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Rotate.java    |   10 +-
 test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Ser.java       |   48 +-
 test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Shuffle.java   |   15 +-
 .../util/Collections/SingletonIterator.java   |   16 +-
 test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Swap.java      |   10 +-
 test/jdk/java/util/Collections/T6433170.java  |   11 +-
 test/jdk/java/util/HashMap/ToArray.java       |   11 +-
 test/jdk/java/util/Map/Get.java               |   54 +-
 test/jdk/java/util/Map/LockStep.java          |   29 +-
 test/jdk/java/util/Map/ToArray.java           |   25 +-
 .../SpliteratorCharacteristics.java           |   34 +-
 .../Spliterator/SpliteratorFailFastTest.java  |   12 +-
 .../SpliteratorLateBindingFailFastHelper.java |   18 +-
 .../SpliteratorLateBindingTest.java           |   12 +-
 ...SpliteratorTraversingAndSplittingTest.java |   29 +-
 test/jdk/java/util/WeakHashMapValues.java     |  113 +
 .../CollectionAndMapModifyStreamTest.java     |   88 +-
 test/jdk/jdk/classfile/AccessFlagsTest.java   |   97 +-
 .../jdk/classfile/StrictStackMapsTest.java    |  486 ++
 test/jdk/jdk/classfile/VerifierSelfTest.java  |    4 +-
 .../helpers/RebuildingTransformation.java     |    3 +-
 .../jdk/internal/jimage/ImageReaderTest.java  |   14 +-
 .../jrtfs/ClassResourcesParityTest.java       |   85 +
 .../jdk/internal/jrtfs/SystemImageTest.java   |  622 ++
 .../internal/jrtfs/whitebox/TEST.properties   |    4 -
 .../jdk/internal/jrtfs/ExplodedImageTest.java |  232 -
 .../jdk/internal/vm/Continuation/Fuzz.java    |  294 +-
 .../streaming/TestCrossProcessStreaming.java  |    4 +-
 .../api/consumer/streaming/TestProcess.java   |    4 +-
 ...onConfigurationEventWithMinAndMaxSize.java |    4 +-
 .../os/TestInitialEnvironmentVariable.java    |    4 +-
 .../event/profiling/TestNeedStackRepair.java  |  153 +
 .../TestSyncOnValueBasedClassEvent.java       |   17 +-
 .../ReflectionFactoryPreviewTest.java         |  115 +
 test/jdk/tools/jlink/ResourcePoolTest.java    |  219 +-
 ...PackagedModulesVsRuntimeImageLinkTest.java |   45 +-
 .../ImageResourcesTreeTestDriver.java         |   31 +
 test/jdk/tools/jlink/whitebox/TEST.properties |    3 +
 .../internal/ImageResourcesTreeTest.java      |  265 +
 .../valuetypes/ArrayElementVarHandleTest.java |  206 +
 .../valuetypes/FlatVarHandleTest.java         |  273 +
 .../valuetypes/IdentityReflectionTest.java    |  154 +
 .../LambdaMetaFactory/LambdaConversion.java   |   68 +
 .../LambdaMetaFactory/LambdaTest.java         |   86 +
 .../src/IdentityRunnable.java                 |   26 +
 .../LambdaMetaFactory/src/Test.java           |   38 +
 .../LambdaMetaFactory/src/ValueRunnable.java  |   26 +
 .../valhalla/valuetypes/MethodHandleTest.java |  228 +
 .../valhalla/valuetypes/MethodReference.java  |   47 +
 test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/Nest.java        |   59 +
 .../valuetypes/NullRestrictedArraysTest.java  |  333 +
 .../valuetypes/NullRestrictedTest.java        |  194 +
 .../valuetypes/ObjectMethodsViaCondy.java     |  139 +
 .../valuetypes/ObjectNewInstance.java         |   61 +
 test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ProxyTest.java   |  107 +
 .../valuetypes/RecursiveValueClass.java       |  259 +
 test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/Reflection.java  |  166 +
 test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/StreamTest.java  |  141 +
 .../valuetypes/SubstitutabilityTest.java      |  237 +
 test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/TEST.properties  |    2 +
 .../valuetypes/UseValueClassTest.java         |  105 +
 .../ValueClassCompatibilityTest.java          |  123 +
 .../valuetypes/ValueClassPreviewTest.java     |  138 +
 .../valuetypes/ValueConstantDesc.java         |   74 +
 .../valuetypes/ValueObjectMethodsTest.java    |  352 ++
 .../valuetypes/WeakReferenceTest.java         |   53 +
 test/jtreg-ext/requires/VMProps.java          |    1 +
 .../services/com.sun.source.util.Plugin       |    1 +
 .../jdk/test/valueclass/ValueClassPlugin.java |   97 +
 test/langtools/ProblemList-StaticJdk.txt      |    1 +
 test/langtools/ProblemList-enable-preview.txt |    4 +-
 test/langtools/ProblemList.txt                |    1 +
 test/langtools/TEST.ROOT                      |    3 +-
 test/langtools/TEST.groups                    |    6 +-
 .../testValueClasses/TestValueClasses.java    |  102 +
 .../AnonymousClass/AnonymousClassFlags.java   |   43 +-
 .../ClassFileModifiers/ClassModifiers.out     |   74 +-
 .../ClassFileModifiers/MemberModifiers.out    |   10 +-
 .../DefiniteAssignment/DA_DUConstructors.java |   11 +-
 .../DefiniteAssignment/DA_DUConstructors.out  |    4 +-
 .../javac/Diagnostics/8043251/T8043251.out    |    2 +-
 .../SuperInit/EarlyAssignmentNoPreview2.out   |    2 +-
 .../SuperInit/EarlyAssignmentNoPreview3.out   |    2 +-
 .../javac/SuperInit/EarlyAssignments.java     |   30 +-
 .../javac/SuperInit/EarlyAssignments.out      |   51 +-
 .../EarlyInnerAccessErrorMessageTest.java     |    4 +
 .../EarlyInnerAccessErrorMessageTest.out      |    2 +-
 .../javac/SuperInit/EarlyLambdaReturn.java    |    5 +
 .../javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalClass.java      |    4 +
 .../tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalClass.out |    2 +-
 .../javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest1.java      |    5 +
 .../javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest2.java      |    5 +
 .../javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest3.java      |    6 +
 .../javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest4.java      |    5 +
 .../javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest5.java      |    5 +
 .../javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest6.java      |    5 +
 .../javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest7.java      |    5 +
 .../javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest8.java      |    5 +
 .../SuperInit/LambdaLocalEarlyCrash.java      |    5 +
 .../javac/SuperInit/LambdaOuterCapture.java   |    5 +
 .../tools/javac/SuperInit/SuperInitFails.java |  122 +-
 .../tools/javac/SuperInit/SuperInitFails.out  |   78 +-
 .../tools/javac/SuperInit/SuperInitGood.java  |   43 +-
 .../SuperInit/ValueClassSuperInitFails.java   |  185 +
 .../SuperInit/ValueClassSuperInitFails.out    |   30 +
 .../SuperInit/ValueClassSuperInitGood.java    |  424 ++
 .../javac/api/TestApisWithProjections.java    |  103 +
 .../InnerClasses/SyntheticClasses.java        |    7 +-
 .../classfiles/InnerClasses/T8068517.java     |   21 +-
 .../innerclasses/InnerClassesTestBase.java    |    6 +-
 .../tools/javac/diags/examples.not-yet.txt    |    4 +-
 .../diags/examples/CantRefBeforeConstr.java   |    2 +-
 .../ConcreteSuperclassOfValueClass.java       |   31 +
 .../examples/FieldAssigmentAfterSuper.java    |   35 +
 .../examples/IneffectualInValueClass.java     |   40 +
 .../NonAbstractValueClassCantBeSealed.java    |   30 +
 .../examples/PrimitivePatternMatching.java    |    2 +
 .../examples/SerialNonPrivateMethod.java      |    1 -
 .../examples/SerializableIdentityClass.java   |   37 +
 .../examples/SerializableValueClass.java      |   33 +
 .../examples/StrictFieldNotInitialized.java   |   36 +
 .../examples/ThisExposedPrematurely.java      |   36 +
 .../javac/diags/examples/TypeReqIdentity.java |   32 +
 .../ValueClassWithFinalizeMethod.java         |   32 +
 .../examples/ValueWithIdentitySuper.java      |   30 +
 .../tools/javac/flags/FlagsTest.java          |    2 +-
 .../lib/JavacTestingAbstractProcessor.java    |    7 +-
 .../createsymbols/CreateSymbolsTestImpl.java  |   41 +-
 .../javac/preview/PreviewAutoSuppress.java    |    6 +-
 .../tools/javac/preview/PreviewJRTImage.java  |  122 +
 .../filer/TestOriginatingElements.java        |  161 +-
 .../processing/model/TestSourceVersion.java   |   14 +-
 .../NoAbortForBadClassFile.java               |    2 +-
 .../model/element/TestValueClasses.java       |  193 +
 .../InnerClassesIdentityFlagTest.java         |   91 +
 .../value-objects/CanonicalCtorTest.java      |   68 +
 .../value-objects/CheckSynchronized.java      |   44 +
 .../value-objects/CheckSynchronized.out       |    9 +
 .../value-objects/DualNonDuplicateErrors.java |   26 +
 .../value-objects/DualNonDuplicateErrors.out  |    5 +
 .../DuplicateValueClassWarnings.java          |   10 +
 .../DuplicateValueClassWarnings.out           |    2 +
 .../valhalla/value-objects/GenericPoint.java  |   32 +
 .../value-objects/IdentityExceptionTest.java} |   32 +-
 .../LoadableDescriptorsAttrTest2.java         |  193 +
 .../LoadableDescriptorsAttributeTest.java     |  105 +
 .../LocalProxyVariablesTests.java             |  293 +
 .../NoUnnecessaryLoadableDescriptorsTest.java |  117 +
 .../StrictFieldsVerifierErrorTest.java        |   59 +
 .../value-objects/ValueBasedFlagsTest.java    |   93 +
 .../value-objects/ValueCreationTest.java      |   98 +
 .../ValueObjectCompilationTests.java          | 1691 +++++
 .../ValueObjectsBinaryCompatibilityTests.java |  301 +
 .../tools/javap/4870651/T4870651.java         |   24 +-
 test/langtools/tools/javap/4870651/Test.java  |    4 +-
 test/langtools/tools/javap/T4975569.java      |   30 +-
 .../tools/javap/UndefinedAccessFlagTest.java  |    2 +-
 .../value_classes/ValueClassesJavapTest.java  |  160 +
 test/langtools/tools/lib/toolbox/ToolBox.java |   22 +-
 test/lib-test/ProblemList-StaticJdk.txt       |    1 +
 test/lib-test/ProblemList.txt                 |    1 +
 .../jdk/test/lib/StrictProcessorTest.java     |   65 +
 .../lib/compiler/InMemoryJavaCompiler.java    |   16 +
 test/lib/jdk/test/lib/helpers/StrictInit.java |   39 +
 .../jdk/test/lib/helpers/StrictProcessor.java |  159 +
 test/lib/jdk/test/lib/jvmti/jvmti_common.hpp  |   42 +-
 .../jdk/test/lib/valueclass/AsValueClass.java |   43 +
 test/lib/jdk/test/lib/valueclass/VClass.java  |   46 +
 test/lib/jdk/test/whitebox/WhiteBox.java      |   25 +-
 .../jdk/classfile/CodeAttributeTools.java     |    2 +
 .../internal/jrtfs/ImageReaderBenchmark.java  | 1854 +++---
 .../valhalla/ackermann/AckermannBase.java     |   55 +
 .../bench/valhalla/ackermann/Identity.java    |   64 +
 .../bench/valhalla/ackermann/Primitive.java   |   46 +
 .../bench/valhalla/ackermann/Value.java       |   87 +
 .../openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/FastPath.java |  719 +++
 .../bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Identity.java   |  398 ++
 .../bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Value032.java   |  398 ++
 .../valhalla/acmp/array/Value032NullFree.java |  233 +
 .../acmp/array/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java |  235 +
 .../bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Value128.java   |  400 ++
 .../valhalla/acmp/array/Value128NullFree.java |  235 +
 .../acmp/array/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java |  237 +
 .../bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Identity.java   |  473 ++
 .../bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Value032.java   |  473 ++
 .../valhalla/acmp/field/Value032NullFree.java |  248 +
 .../acmp/field/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java |  250 +
 .../bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Value128.java   |  475 ++
 .../valhalla/acmp/field/Value128NullFree.java |  252 +
 .../acmp/field/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java |  252 +
 .../bench/valhalla/acmp/trivial/Identity.java |   97 +
 .../bench/valhalla/acmp/trivial/Value.java    |   98 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/copy/CopyBase.java   |   55 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/copy/Identity.java   |  104 +
 .../valhalla/array/copy/Primitive032.java     |   65 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/copy/Value032.java   |  120 +
 .../valhalla/array/copy/Value032NullFree.java |  122 +
 .../array/copy/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java |  124 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/copy/Value128.java   |  128 +
 .../valhalla/array/copy/Value128NullFree.java |  129 +
 .../array/copy/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java |  131 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/copy/ValueOop.java   |  131 +
 .../valhalla/array/copy/ValueOopNullFree.java |  132 +
 .../array/copy/ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic.java |  134 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/fill/FillBase.java   |   55 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/fill/Identity.java   |  165 +
 .../valhalla/array/fill/Primitive032.java     |   68 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/fill/Value032.java   |  170 +
 .../valhalla/array/fill/Value032NullFree.java |  179 +
 .../array/fill/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java |  181 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/fill/Value128.java   |  177 +
 .../valhalla/array/fill/Value128NullFree.java |  186 +
 .../array/fill/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java |  188 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/fill/ValueOop.java   |  180 +
 .../valhalla/array/fill/ValueOopNullFree.java |  189 +
 .../array/fill/ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic.java |  191 +
 .../valhalla/array/read/HoistArrayChecks.java |  115 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/read/Identity.java   |   72 +
 .../valhalla/array/read/Primitive032.java     |   56 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/read/ReadBase.java   |   55 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/read/Value032.java   |   76 +
 .../valhalla/array/read/Value032NullFree.java |   77 +
 .../array/read/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java |   79 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/read/Value128.java   |   83 +
 .../valhalla/array/read/Value128NullFree.java |   84 +
 .../array/read/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java |   86 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/read/ValueOop.java   |   86 +
 .../valhalla/array/read/ValueOopNullFree.java |   87 +
 .../array/read/ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic.java |   89 +
 .../valhalla/array/readpartial/Identity.java  |   77 +
 .../array/readpartial/Primitive128.java       |   56 +
 .../valhalla/array/readpartial/ReadBase.java  |   55 +
 .../valhalla/array/readpartial/Value128.java  |   83 +
 .../array/readpartial/Value128NullFree.java   |   84 +
 .../Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java            |   93 +
 .../valhalla/array/readpartial/ValueOop.java  |   91 +
 .../array/readpartial/ValueOopNullFree.java   |   94 +
 .../ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic.java            |   94 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/set/Identity.java    |  128 +
 .../valhalla/array/set/Primitive032.java      |   73 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/set/SetBase.java     |   55 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/set/Value032.java    |  134 +
 .../valhalla/array/set/Value032NullFree.java  |  135 +
 .../array/set/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java  |  137 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/set/Value128.java    |  141 +
 .../valhalla/array/set/Value128NullFree.java  |  142 +
 .../array/set/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java  |  144 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/set/ValueOop.java    |  144 +
 .../valhalla/array/set/ValueOopNullFree.java  |  145 +
 .../array/set/ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic.java  |  147 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/walk/Identity.java   |  100 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/walk/Primitive.java  |   51 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/walk/Value032.java   |  102 +
 .../valhalla/array/walk/Value032NullFree.java |  102 +
 .../array/walk/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java |  104 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/walk/Value128.java   |  108 +
 .../valhalla/array/walk/Value128NullFree.java |  108 +
 .../array/walk/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java |  110 +
 .../bench/valhalla/array/walk/WalkBase.java   |   81 +
 .../bench/valhalla/callconv/Primitive1.java   |  108 +
 .../bench/valhalla/callconv/Primitive2.java   |  109 +
 .../bench/valhalla/callconv/Primitive4.java   |  111 +
 .../bench/valhalla/callconv/Primitive8.java   |  115 +
 .../bench/valhalla/callconv/Value1.java       |  126 +
 .../bench/valhalla/callconv/Value2.java       |  171 +
 .../bench/valhalla/callconv/Value4.java       |  224 +
 .../bench/valhalla/callconv/Value8.java       |  288 +
 .../bench/valhalla/field/copy/CopyBase.java   |   55 +
 .../bench/valhalla/field/copy/Identity.java   |  123 +
 .../bench/valhalla/field/copy/Value032.java   |  125 +
 .../valhalla/field/copy/Value032NullFree.java |  128 +
 .../field/copy/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java |  130 +
 .../bench/valhalla/field/copy/Value128.java   |  135 +
 .../valhalla/field/copy/Value128NullFree.java |  138 +
 .../field/copy/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java |  140 +
 .../bench/valhalla/field/read/Identity.java   |   80 +
 .../bench/valhalla/field/read/ReadBase.java   |   55 +
 .../bench/valhalla/field/read/Value032.java   |   82 +
 .../valhalla/field/read/Value032NullFree.java |   87 +
 .../field/read/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java |   89 +
 .../bench/valhalla/field/read/Value128.java   |   93 +
 .../valhalla/field/read/Value128NullFree.java |   96 +
 .../field/read/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java |   98 +
 .../bench/valhalla/field/set/Identity.java    |   95 +
 .../bench/valhalla/field/set/SetBase.java     |   55 +
 .../bench/valhalla/field/set/Value032.java    |   97 +
 .../valhalla/field/set/Value032NullFree.java  |  100 +
 .../field/set/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java  |  102 +
 .../bench/valhalla/field/set/Value128.java    |  107 +
 .../valhalla/field/set/Value128NullFree.java  |  110 +
 .../field/set/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java  |  112 +
 .../openjdk/bench/valhalla/hash/Value1.java   |   94 +
 .../openjdk/bench/valhalla/hash/Value8.java   |  108 +
 .../valhalla/intrinsics/IsFlatArray.java      |   95 +
 .../bench/valhalla/invoke/array/Identity.java |  309 +
 .../bench/valhalla/invoke/array/Value.java    |  308 +
 .../valhalla/invoke/array/ValueNullFree.java  |  309 +
 .../invoke/array/ValueNullFreeNonAtomic.java  |  313 +
 .../bench/valhalla/invoke/field/Identity.java |  228 +
 .../bench/valhalla/invoke/field/Value.java    |  228 +
 .../valhalla/invoke/field/ValueNullFree.java  |  231 +
 .../invoke/field/ValueNullFreeNonAtomic.java  |  235 +
 .../loops/osr/LarvalDetectionAboveOSR.java    |   62 +
 .../bench/valhalla/mandelbrot/Identity.java   |   82 +
 .../valhalla/mandelbrot/MandelbrotBase.java   |   60 +
 .../bench/valhalla/mandelbrot/Primitive.java  |   54 +
 .../bench/valhalla/mandelbrot/Value.java      |  130 +
 .../bench/valhalla/matrix/Identity.java       |  196 +
 .../bench/valhalla/matrix/MatrixBase.java     |   53 +
 .../bench/valhalla/matrix/Primitive.java      |  102 +
 .../openjdk/bench/valhalla/matrix/Value.java  |  197 +
 .../bench/valhalla/matrix/ValueNullFree.java  |  204 +
 .../matrix/ValueNullFreeNonAtomic.java        |  206 +
 .../sandbox/corelibs/ArrayListInt.java        |  640 ++
 .../sandbox/corelibs/ArrayListOfIntBench.java |  239 +
 .../corelibs/ArrayListPrimitiveInt.java       |  678 ++
 .../sandbox/corelibs/InlineCursor.java        |   96 +
 .../sandbox/corelibs/PrimitiveInt.java        |   44 +
 .../valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/XArrayList.java | 1906 ++++++
 .../corelibs/XArrayListCursorTest.java        |   76 +
 .../sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/GetX.java      |   96 +
 .../sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/HashMap.java   | 1889 ++++++
 .../corelibs/mapprotos/HashMapBench.java      |  120 +
 .../corelibs/mapprotos/HashMapToArray.java    |  112 +
 .../sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/MapBase.java   |   97 +
 .../sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/PutX.java      |   86 +
 .../sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/README.md      |   31 +
 .../sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/ReplX.java     |   81 +
 .../sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/WalkX.java     |   88 +
 .../corelibs/mapprotos/XAbstractMap.java      |  863 +++
 .../sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/XHashMap.java  | 2375 +++++++
 .../openjdk/bench/valhalla/sum/Identity.java  |  440 ++
 .../openjdk/bench/valhalla/sum/Primitive.java |   57 +
 .../openjdk/bench/valhalla/sum/SumBase.java   |   55 +
 .../org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sum/Value.java |  442 ++
 .../bench/valhalla/sum/ValueNullFree.java     |  447 ++
 .../valhalla/sum/ValueNullFreeNonAtomic.java  |  455 ++
 1888 files changed, 208011 insertions(+), 13161 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 doc/value-class-preview.html
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 create mode 100644 src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/FlatArrayKlass.java
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 create mode 100644 src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/RefArrayKlass.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/gtest/oops/test_flatArrayOop.cpp
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 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/locks/TestLockElimination.java
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diff --git a/doc/testing.html b/doc/testing.html
index c8d0b928bb0..648bc8baa6a 100644
--- a/doc/testing.html
+++ b/doc/testing.html
@@ -465,6 +465,44 @@ <h4 id="test_thread_factory">TEST_THREAD_FACTORY</h4>
 <code>test/jtreg_test_thread_factory/</code> directory. This class gets
 compiled during the test image build. The implementation of the Virtual
 class creates a new virtual thread for executing each test class.</p>
+<h4 id="value_class_plugin">VALUE_CLASS_PLUGIN</h4>
+<p>Enables the <code>ValueClassPlugin</code> javac plugin when compiling
+and running JTReg tests. This is a <strong>temporary mode</strong>
+intended for use while value classes (JEP 401) are a preview feature.
+The long-term plan is to replace classes annotated with
+<code>@jdk.test.lib.valueclass.AsValueClass</code> with plain
+<code>value class</code> declarations once value classes are
+finalized.</p>
+<p>In the meantime, this mode allows test sources to compile and run as
+either value classes or regular identity classes without source-level
+changes.</p>
+<p>When set to any non-empty value, the following options are appended to
+every JTReg invocation:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><code>-cpa:&lt;valueClassPlugin.jar&gt;</code> — appends the plugin
+JAR to the compile-time classpath (only when the JAR is present in the
+test image under
+<code>jtreg_value_class_plugin/valueClassPlugin.jar</code>).</li>
+<li><code>-vmoption:--enable-preview</code> — enables JVM preview
+features at runtime.</li>
+<li><code>-javacoption:-XDaccessInternalAPI</code> — grants the compiler
+access to internal APIs required by the plugin.</li>
+<li><code>-javacoption:--source &lt;version&gt; --enable-preview</code>
+— enables preview language features at compile time.</li>
+<li><code>-javacoption:-Xplugin:ValueClassPlugin</code> — activates the
+plugin.</li>
+</ul>
+<p>The plugin scans each compilation unit after parsing and converts any
+class annotated with
+<code>@jdk.test.lib.valueclass.AsValueClass</code> into a value class by
+setting the internal <code>VALUE_CLASS</code> modifier flag and clearing
+the <code>IDENTITY_TYPE</code> flag. This transformation only takes
+effect when <code>--enable-preview</code> is active; without it the
+annotation is a no-op and the class compiles as an ordinary identity
+class, so the same test source can exercise both code paths.</p>
+<p>Example:</p>
+<pre><code>$ make test TEST=jdk_lang JTREG="VALUE_CLASS_PLUGIN=true"
+</code></pre>
 <h4 id="jvmti_stress_agent">JVMTI_STRESS_AGENT</h4>
 <p>Executes JTReg tests with JVM TI stress agent. The stress agent is
 the part of test library and located in
diff --git a/doc/testing.md b/doc/testing.md
index 5f70f2796ad..1de6c94b679 100644
--- a/doc/testing.md
+++ b/doc/testing.md
@@ -403,6 +403,42 @@ the `test/jtreg_test_thread_factory/` directory. This class gets compiled
 during the test image build. The implementation of the Virtual class creates a
 new virtual thread for executing each test class.
 
+#### VALUE_CLASS_PLUGIN
+
+Enables the `ValueClassPlugin` javac plugin when compiling and running JTReg
+tests. This is a **temporary mode** intended for use while value classes
+(JEP 401) are a preview feature. The long-term plan is to replace classes
+annotated with `@jdk.test.lib.valueclass.AsValueClass` with plain
+`value class` declarations once value classes are finalized.
+
+In the meantime, this mode allows test sources to compile and run as either
+value classes or regular identity classes without source-level changes.
+
+When set to any non-empty value, the following options are appended to every
+JTReg invocation:
+
+* `-cpa:<valueClassPlugin.jar>` — appends the plugin JAR to the compile-time
+  classpath (only when the JAR is present in the test image under
+  `jtreg_value_class_plugin/valueClassPlugin.jar`).
+* `-vmoption:--enable-preview` — enables JVM preview features at runtime.
+* `-javacoption:-XDaccessInternalAPI` — grants the compiler access to internal
+  APIs required by the plugin.
+* `-javacoption:--source <version> --enable-preview` — enables preview language
+  features at compile time.
+* `-javacoption:-Xplugin:ValueClassPlugin` — activates the plugin.
+
+The plugin scans each compilation unit after parsing and converts any class
+annotated with `@jdk.test.lib.valueclass.AsValueClass` into a value class by
+setting the internal `VALUE_CLASS` modifier flag and clearing the
+`IDENTITY_TYPE` flag. This transformation only takes effect when
+`--enable-preview` is active; without it the annotation is a no-op and the
+class compiles as an ordinary identity class, so the same test source can
+exercise both code paths.
+
+Example:
+
+    $ make test TEST=jdk_lang JTREG="VALUE_CLASS_PLUGIN=true"
+
 #### JVMTI_STRESS_AGENT
 
 Executes JTReg tests with JVM TI stress agent. The stress agent is the part of
diff --git a/doc/value-class-preview.html b/doc/value-class-preview.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..04b8ffb0f9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/value-class-preview.html
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="" xml:lang="">
+<head>
+  <meta charset="utf-8" />
+  <meta name="generator" content="pandoc" />
+  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes" />
+  <title>Migration of JDK Classes to Value Classes</title>
+  <style>
+    code{white-space: pre-wrap;}
+    span.smallcaps{font-variant: small-caps;}
+    div.columns{display: flex; gap: min(4vw, 1.5em);}
+    div.column{flex: auto; overflow-x: auto;}
+    div.hanging-indent{margin-left: 1.5em; text-indent: -1.5em;}
+    ul.task-list{list-style: none;}
+    ul.task-list li input[type="checkbox"] {
+      width: 0.8em;
+      margin: 0 0.8em 0.2em -1.6em;
+      vertical-align: middle;
+    }
+    .display.math{display: block; text-align: center; margin: 0.5rem auto;}
+  </style>
+  <link rel="stylesheet" href="../make/data/docs-resources/resources/jdk-default.css" />
+  <style type="text/css">pre, code, tt { color: #1d6ae5; }</style>
+  <!--[if lt IE 9]>
+    <script src="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv-printshiv.min.js"></script>
+  <![endif]-->
+</head>
+<body>
+<header id="title-block-header">
+<h1 class="title">Migration of JDK Classes to Value Classes</h1>
+</header>
+<nav id="TOC" role="doc-toc">
+<ul>
+<li><a href="#introduction" id="toc-introduction">Introduction</a></li>
+<li><a href="#the-build-process" id="toc-the-build-process">The Build
+Process</a>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="#the-custom-handling-for-the-value-objects-jep"
+id="toc-the-custom-handling-for-the-value-objects-jep">The Custom
+Handling for the Value Objects JEP</a></li>
+<li><a href="#the-general-preview-source-to-binary-pipeline"
+id="toc-the-general-preview-source-to-binary-pipeline">The General
+Preview Source to Binary Pipeline</a></li>
+<li><a href="#non-goals" id="toc-non-goals">Non-Goals</a></li>
+</ul></li>
+<li><a href="#testing" id="toc-testing">Testing</a></li>
+<li><a href="#wrapper-class-caches"
+id="toc-wrapper-class-caches">Wrapper Class Caches</a></li>
+<li><a href="#editing-this-document"
+id="toc-editing-this-document">Editing This Document</a></li>
+</ul>
+</nav>
+<h2 id="introduction">Introduction</h2>
+<p>The Value Objects feature introduces value objects and migrates
+suitable classes to value classes. This means that when preview features
+are enabled, different class files are used for the migrated classes in
+the Java class library.</p>
+<p>To accomplish this, a built JDK uses <em>preview-specific</em> files
+in <code>META-INF/preview</code>, which overrides the regular files of
+the same name. For example,
+<code>META-INF/preview/java/lang/Integer.class</code> overrides
+<code>java/lang/Integer.class</code>.</p>
+<p>The JDK generates preview-specific source files (they may use preview
+language features), compiles class files from them, and distributes
+these class files in <code>META-INF/preview</code>.</p>
+<h2 id="the-build-process">The Build Process</h2>
+<h3 id="the-custom-handling-for-the-value-objects-jep">The Custom
+Handling for the Value Objects JEP</h3>
+<p>The Value Objects JEP requires a few select classes in the
+<code>java.base</code> module to become value classes when preview
+features are enabled.</p>
+<p>The build of <code>java.base</code> module first creates the source
+code of those value classes, done in <a
+href="../make/modules/java.base/gensrc/GensrcValueClasses.gmk"><code>GensrcValueClasses.gmk</code></a>.</p>
+<ol type="1">
+<li><p>A hardcoded list of regular source files are selected for
+preview-specific generation.</p></li>
+<li><p>Extract the content of each regular source file, search for any
+occurrences of <code>/*value*/ class</code> or
+<code>/*value*/ record</code>, and replace with <code>value class</code>
+or <code>value record</code>.</p></li>
+<li><p>The replaced contents are written to the preview-specific
+generated files, located in
+<code>support/gensrc-valueclasses/java.base/</code>. The regular source
+files remain unchanged in their original locations.</p></li>
+<li><p>The general preview source to binary build pipeline recognizes
+the <code>support/gensrc-valueclasses/java.base/</code> directory as
+where the <code>java.base</code> module places its preview-specific
+source files.</p></li>
+</ol>
+<h3 id="the-general-preview-source-to-binary-pipeline">The General
+Preview Source to Binary Pipeline</h3>
+<p>Once the preview-specific source files are ready, they are picked up
+by the build system into a fully automated pipeline handling all modules
+and all outcome images.</p>
+<ol type="1">
+<li><p>The <code>GENERATED_PREVIEW_SUBDIRS</code> variable in <a
+href="../make/common/Modules.gmk"><code>make/common/Modules.gmk</code></a>
+indicates where the source files are found.</p></li>
+<li><p>For each module that has preview-specific source files, a goal is
+created to compile these source files into class files.</p></li>
+<li><p>The class files from each of these tasks reside in
+<code>support/preview/&lt;module&gt;</code> for each module.</p></li>
+<li><p>These preview-specific class files and other resources are copied
+to the <code>META-INF/preview</code> directory of the regular output
+directory.</p></li>
+<li><p>At run-time, jimage will pick up the preview-specific overrides
+from <code>META-INF/preview</code> only when preview features are
+enabled.</p></li>
+<li><p>The interim javac used by the build system cannot pick up the
+preview-specific overrides; they must be supplied explicitly with the
+following javac flag for every single module where overrides are
+significant:</p>
+<pre><code>--patch-module &lt;module&gt;=$(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/preview/&lt;module&gt;</code></pre>
+<p>See <a
+href="../make/test/BuildMicrobenchmark.gmk"><code>BuildMicroBenchmarks.gmk</code></a>
+for an example.</p></li>
+</ol>
+<h3 id="non-goals">Non-Goals</h3>
+<p>The Value Objects JEP only plans to introduce value classes that
+are:</p>
+<ol type="1">
+<li><p>In the <code>java.base</code> module.</p>
+<p>There's no plan to migrate other classes in other modules.</p></li>
+<li><p>Migrated from existing classes.</p>
+<p>These classes are available as identity classes when preview features
+are disabled. There's no plan to introduce completely new value
+classes.</p></li>
+</ol>
+<p>Support for other value classes would require significant changes to
+the build system.</p>
+<h2 id="testing">Testing</h2>
+<p>In addition to tests that require preview features to be enabled,
+tests that do not depend on preview features wish to run with preview
+features enabled to ensure compatibility:</p>
+<ol type="1">
+<li><p>Some tests wish to run against the Java SE class library with
+value classes.</p>
+<p>The jtreg tests may be run with
+<code>JTREG=VM_OPTIONS=--enable-preview</code>.</p></li>
+<li><p>Some tests wish to run against their own classes migrated to
+value classes.</p>
+<p>The jtreg <a
+href="testing.html#VALUE_CLASS_PLUGIN">VALUE_CLASS_PLUGIN</a> allows
+tests to migrate their own classes to value classes when running with
+the plugin.</p></li>
+</ol>
+<h2 id="wrapper-class-caches">Wrapper Class Caches</h2>
+<p>Currently, wrapper class caches are retained even when preview
+features are enabled to address performance losses. They have no
+semantic impact to value objects.</p>
+<p>In interpreter or C1 execution in Hotspot, allocations of a value
+object to the heap as a full object with header happen when a value
+object is:</p>
+<ol type="1">
+<li>Loaded from a flat storage (field or array)</li>
+<li>Created by a constructor</li>
+<li>If C2 uses scalarized calling convention, at C2 to C1/interpreter
+calls and returns</li>
+</ol>
+<p>Ideally, C2 can eliminate such allocations, but this does not work if
+the resulting object is stored into references. Unfortunately, many uses
+of boxing conversions store the resulting wrapper objects as
+references.</p>
+<p>For the uses that store wrapper objects to references, if the boxing
+conversion is:</p>
+<ol type="1">
+<li>Returning a value object from a flat cache array</li>
+<li>Calling the value class constructor</li>
+</ol>
+<p>Then we would have heap allocation on every single use.</p>
+<p>To avoid the allocations, we fall back to returning a value object
+from a reference cache array, from which the loaded reference is
+directly storable into a destination that wants a reference without any
+allocation.</p>
+<p>Since Hotspot may create flat arrays if an array of value objects is
+requested by regular Java array creation mechanisms, we use
+<code>ValueClass.newReferenceArray</code> to ensure we always create a
+reference cache array.</p>
+<p>The cache array for value objects may be removed without notice if
+the performance losses from allocations are no longer significant.</p>
+<h2 id="editing-this-document">Editing This Document</h2>
+<p>If you want to contribute changes to this document, edit
+<code>doc/value-class-preview.md</code> and then run
+<code>make update-build-docs</code> to generate the same changes in
+<code>doc/value-class-preview.html</code>.</p>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/doc/value-class-preview.md b/doc/value-class-preview.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..06445eb0d69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/value-class-preview.md
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+% Migration of JDK Classes to Value Classes
+
+## Introduction
+
+The Value Objects feature introduces value objects and migrates suitable classes
+to value classes. This means that when preview features are enabled, different
+class files are used for the migrated classes in the Java class library.
+
+To accomplish this, a built JDK uses *preview-specific* files in `META-INF/preview`,
+which overrides the regular files of the same name. For example,
+`META-INF/preview/java/lang/Integer.class` overrides `java/lang/Integer.class`.
+
+The JDK generates preview-specific source files (they may use preview language
+features), compiles class files from them, and distributes these class files in
+`META-INF/preview`.
+
+## The Build Process
+
+### The Custom Handling for the Value Objects JEP
+
+The Value Objects JEP requires a few select classes in the `java.base` module
+to become value classes when preview features are enabled.
+
+The build of `java.base` module first creates the source code of those value
+classes, done in
+[`GensrcValueClasses.gmk`](../make/modules/java.base/gensrc/GensrcValueClasses.gmk).
+
+1. A hardcoded list of regular source files are selected for preview-specific
+   generation.
+
+2. Extract the content of each regular source file, search for any occurrences
+   of `/*value*/ class` or `/*value*/ record`, and replace with `value class`
+   or `value record`.
+
+3. The replaced contents are written to the preview-specific generated files,
+   located in `support/gensrc-valueclasses/java.base/`.  The regular source
+   files remain unchanged in their original locations.
+
+4. The general preview source to binary build pipeline recognizes the
+   `support/gensrc-valueclasses/java.base/` directory as where the `java.base`
+   module places its preview-specific source files.
+
+### The General Preview Source to Binary Pipeline
+
+Once the preview-specific source files are ready, they are picked up by the
+build system into a fully automated pipeline handling all modules and all
+outcome images.
+
+1. The `GENERATED_PREVIEW_SUBDIRS` variable in [`make/common/Modules.gmk`](../make/common/Modules.gmk)
+   indicates where the source files are found.
+
+2. For each module that has preview-specific source files, a goal is created
+   to compile these source files into class files.
+
+3. The class files from each of these tasks reside in `support/preview/<module>`
+   for each module.
+
+4. These preview-specific class files and other resources are copied to the
+   `META-INF/preview` directory of the regular output directory.
+
+5. At run-time, jimage will pick up the preview-specific overrides from
+   `META-INF/preview` only when preview features are enabled.
+
+6. The interim javac used by the build system cannot pick up the
+   preview-specific overrides; they must be supplied explicitly with the
+   following javac flag for every single module where overrides are significant:
+
+   ```
+   --patch-module <module>=$(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/preview/<module>
+   ```
+
+   See [`BuildMicroBenchmarks.gmk`](../make/test/BuildMicrobenchmark.gmk) for an example.
+
+### Non-Goals
+
+The Value Objects JEP only plans to introduce value classes that are:
+
+1. In the `java.base` module.
+
+   There's no plan to migrate other classes in other modules.
+
+2. Migrated from existing classes.
+
+   These classes are available as identity classes when preview features are
+   disabled. There's no plan to introduce completely new value classes.
+
+Support for other value classes would require significant changes to the build
+system.
+
+## Testing
+
+In addition to tests that require preview features to be enabled, tests that do
+not depend on preview features wish to run with preview features enabled to
+ensure compatibility:
+
+1. Some tests wish to run against the Java SE class library with value classes.
+
+   The jtreg tests may be run with `JTREG=VM_OPTIONS=--enable-preview`.
+
+2. Some tests wish to run against their own classes migrated to value classes.
+
+   The jtreg [VALUE_CLASS_PLUGIN](testing.html#VALUE_CLASS_PLUGIN) allows tests
+   to migrate their own classes to value classes when running with the plugin.
+
+## Wrapper Class Caches
+
+Currently, wrapper class caches are retained even when preview features are
+enabled to address performance losses. They have no semantic impact to value
+objects.
+
+In interpreter or C1 execution in Hotspot, allocations of a value object to the
+heap as a full object with header happen when a value object is:
+
+1. Loaded from a flat storage (field or array)
+2. Created by a constructor
+3. If C2 uses scalarized calling convention, at C2 to C1/interpreter calls and returns
+
+Ideally, C2 can eliminate such allocations, but this does not work if the
+resulting object is stored into references. Unfortunately, many uses of boxing
+conversions store the resulting wrapper objects as references.
+
+For the uses that store wrapper objects to references, if the boxing
+conversion is:
+
+1. Returning a value object from a flat cache array
+2. Calling the value class constructor
+
+Then we would have heap allocation on every single use.
+
+To avoid the allocations, we fall back to returning a value object from a
+reference cache array, from which the loaded reference is directly storable
+into a destination that wants a reference without any allocation.
+
+Since Hotspot may create flat arrays if an array of value objects is requested
+by regular Java array creation mechanisms, we use `ValueClass.newReferenceArray`
+to ensure we always create a reference cache array.
+
+The cache array for value objects may be removed without notice if the
+performance losses from allocations are no longer significant.
+
+## Editing This Document
+
+If you want to contribute changes to this document, edit `doc/value-class-preview.md`
+and then run `make update-build-docs` to generate the same changes in
+`doc/value-class-preview.html`.
+
+---
+# Override styles from the base CSS file that are not ideal for this document.
+header-includes:
+ - '<style type="text/css">pre, code, tt { color: #1d6ae5; }</style>'
+---
diff --git a/make/CompileJavaModules.gmk b/make/CompileJavaModules.gmk
index 54d063a7a71..d8e0de29b70 100644
--- a/make/CompileJavaModules.gmk
+++ b/make/CompileJavaModules.gmk
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2014, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@ include MakeFileStart.gmk
 include JavaCompilation.gmk
 include Modules.gmk
 
+include CopyFiles.gmk
+
 ################################################################################
 # If this is an imported module that has prebuilt classes, only compile
 # module-info.java.
@@ -98,13 +100,15 @@ endif
 ################################################################################
 # Setup the main compilation
 
+COMPILATION_OUTPUTDIR := $(if $($(MODULE)_BIN), $($(MODULE)_BIN), $(JDK_OUTPUTDIR)/modules)
+
 $(eval $(call SetupJavaCompilation, $(MODULE), \
     SMALL_JAVA := false, \
     MODULE := $(MODULE), \
     SRC := $(wildcard $(MODULE_SRC_DIRS)), \
     INCLUDES := $(JDK_USER_DEFINED_FILTER), \
     FAIL_NO_SRC := $(FAIL_NO_SRC), \
-    BIN := $(if $($(MODULE)_BIN), $($(MODULE)_BIN), $(JDK_OUTPUTDIR)/modules), \
+    BIN := $(COMPILATION_OUTPUTDIR), \
     HEADERS := $(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/headers, \
     CREATE_API_DIGEST := true, \
     CLEAN := $(CLEAN), \
@@ -126,6 +130,66 @@ $(eval $(call SetupJavaCompilation, $(MODULE), \
 
 TARGETS += $($(MODULE))
 
+################################################################################
+# Setup compilation for preview classes in the module
+# TBD: When $(DOCLINT) was included there was an NPE in JavacTypes.getOverriddenMethods
+
+# Directory and file name suffix for jar file containing preview classes/resources.
+PREVIEW_CLASSES_LABEL := preview
+# Module relative path in which preview classes/resources are placed.
+PREVIEW_PATH := META-INF/preview
+
+MODULE_PREVIEW_SRC_DIRS := $(call FindModulePreviewSrcDirs, $(MODULE))
+MODULE_PREVIEW_SOURCEPATH := $(call GetModulePreviewSrcPath)
+ifneq ($(MODULE_PREVIEW_SRC_DIRS),)
+  # Compile preview classes into a separate directory, and then copy into the
+  # correct output path location. We cannot compile directly into the desired
+  # directory because it's the compiler which creates the original
+  # '<module>/<classpath>/...' hierarchy.
+  PREVIEW_OUTPUTDIR := $(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/$(PREVIEW_CLASSES_LABEL)
+  PATCH_COMMAND := $(MODULE)=$(call strip, $(COMPILATION_OUTPUTDIR)/$(MODULE))
+
+  $(eval $(call SetupJavaCompilation, $(MODULE)-$(PREVIEW_CLASSES_LABEL), \
+      SMALL_JAVA := false, \
+      MODULE := $(MODULE), \
+      SRC := $(wildcard $(MODULE_PREVIEW_SRC_DIRS)), \
+      INCLUDES := $(JDK_USER_DEFINED_FILTER), \
+      FAIL_NO_SRC := $(FAIL_NO_SRC), \
+      BIN := $(PREVIEW_OUTPUTDIR)/, \
+      DISABLED_WARNINGS := $(DISABLED_WARNINGS_java) preview, \
+      EXCLUDES := $(EXCLUDES), \
+      EXCLUDE_FILES := $(EXCLUDE_FILES), \
+      KEEP_ALL_TRANSLATIONS := $(KEEP_ALL_TRANSLATIONS), \
+      DEPENDS := $($(MODULE)), \
+      JAVAC_FLAGS := \
+          $(JAVAC_FLAGS) \
+          --module-source-path $(MODULE_PREVIEW_SOURCEPATH) \
+          --module-path $(MODULEPATH) \
+          --patch-module $(PATCH_COMMAND) \
+          --system none \
+          --enable-preview -source $(JDK_SOURCE_TARGET_VERSION), \
+  ))
+
+  # Don't add '$($(MODULE)-$(PREVIEW_CLASSES_LABEL))' to TARGETS (it's transient).
+  # The 'preview' target below depends on it, and that's the non-transient
+  # result we care about.
+
+  # Copy compiled output from "$(PREVIEW_OUTPUTDIR)/$(MODULE)/<classpath>/..."
+  # to "$(COMPILATION_OUTPUTDIR)/$(MODULE)/$(PREVIEW_PATH)/<classpath>/...".
+  MOD_SRC := $(PREVIEW_OUTPUTDIR)/$(MODULE)
+  MOD_DST := $(COMPILATION_OUTPUTDIR)/$(MODULE)
+
+  # NOTE: We cannot use '$(CP) -R $(MOD_SRC)/*/ ...' to select sub-directories (it
+  # does not work on MacOS/BSD). Use 'filter-out' to explicitly exclude marker files.
+  $(MOD_DST)/_the.$(MODULE).preview: $($(MODULE)-$(PREVIEW_CLASSES_LABEL))
+		$(RM) -r $(@D)/$(PREVIEW_PATH)
+		$(MKDIR) -p $(@D)/$(PREVIEW_PATH)
+		$(CP) -R $(filter-out $(MOD_SRC)/_%, $(wildcard $(MOD_SRC)/*)) $(@D)/$(PREVIEW_PATH)
+		$(TOUCH) $@
+
+  TARGETS += $(MOD_DST)/_the.$(MODULE).preview
+endif
+
 # Declare dependencies between java compilations of different modules.
 # Since the other modules are declared in different invocations of this file,
 # use the macro to find the correct target file to depend on.
diff --git a/make/Docs.gmk b/make/Docs.gmk
index 9cee8cd40c1..a4a4bc60363 100644
--- a/make/Docs.gmk
+++ b/make/Docs.gmk
@@ -93,9 +93,10 @@ JAVADOC_DISABLED_DOCLINT_WARNINGS := missing
 JAVADOC_DISABLED_DOCLINT_PACKAGES := org.w3c.* javax.smartcardio
 
 # The initial set of options for javadoc
-JAVADOC_OPTIONS := -use -keywords -notimestamp \
+JAVADOC_OPTIONS := -XDignore.symbol.file=true -use -keywords -notimestamp \
     -serialwarn -encoding utf-8 -docencoding utf-8 -breakiterator \
     -splitIndex --system none -javafx --expand-requires transitive \
+    --enable-preview -source $(JDK_SOURCE_TARGET_VERSION) \
     --override-methods=summary
 
 # The reference options must stay stable to allow for comparisons across the
diff --git a/make/Images.gmk b/make/Images.gmk
index a09ac7e3bc6..9b70c82eee9 100644
--- a/make/Images.gmk
+++ b/make/Images.gmk
@@ -138,21 +138,22 @@ CDS_DUMP_FLAGS = -Xmx128M -Xms128M
 #
 # Param1 - VM variant (e.g., server, client, zero, ...)
 # Param2 - _nocoops, _nocoh, _nocoops_nocoh, or empty
+# Param3 - _preview, or empty
 define CreateCDSArchive
   $1_$2_COOPS_OPTION := $(if $(findstring _nocoops, $2),-XX:-UseCompressedOops)
   # enable and also explicitly disable coh as needed.
   ifeq ($(call isTargetCpuBits, 64), true)
     $1_$2_NOCOH_OPTION := $(if $(findstring _nocoh, $2),-XX:-UseCompactObjectHeaders,-XX:+UseCompactObjectHeaders)
   endif
-  $1_$2_DUMP_EXTRA_ARG := $$($1_$2_COOPS_OPTION) $$($1_$2_NOCOH_OPTION)
-  $1_$2_DUMP_TYPE      := $(if $(findstring _nocoops, $2),-NOCOOPS,)$(if $(findstring _nocoh, $2),-NOCOH,)
+  $1_$2_$3_DUMP_EXTRA_ARG := $$($1_$2_COOPS_OPTION) $$($1_$2_NOCOH_OPTION) $(if $(findstring _preview, $3), --enable-preview,)
+  $1_$2_$3_DUMP_TYPE      := $(if $(findstring _nocoops, $2),-NOCOOPS,)$(if $(findstring _nocoh, $2),-NOCOH,)$(if $(findstring _preview, $3),-PREVIEW,)
 
-  $1_$2_CDS_DUMP_FLAGS := $(CDS_DUMP_FLAGS) $(if $(filter g1gc, $(JVM_FEATURES_$1)), -XX:+UseG1GC)
+  $1_$2_$3_CDS_DUMP_FLAGS := $(CDS_DUMP_FLAGS) $(if $(filter g1gc, $(JVM_FEATURES_$1)), -XX:+UseG1GC)
 
   ifeq ($(OPENJDK_TARGET_OS), windows)
-    $1_$2_CDS_ARCHIVE := bin/$1/classes$2.jsa
+    $1_$2_$3_CDS_ARCHIVE := bin/$1/classes$2$3.jsa
   else
-    $1_$2_CDS_ARCHIVE := lib/$1/classes$2.jsa
+    $1_$2_$3_CDS_ARCHIVE := lib/$1/classes$2$3.jsa
   endif
 
   ifneq ($(COMPARE_BUILD), )
@@ -160,51 +161,55 @@ define CreateCDSArchive
   endif
 
   ifeq ($(DEBUG_CDS_ARCHIVE), true)
-    $1_$2_CDS_DUMP_FLAGS += -Xlog:aot+map*=trace:file=$$(JDK_IMAGE_DIR)/$$($1_$2_CDS_ARCHIVE).cdsmap:none:filesize=0
+    $1_$2_$3_CDS_DUMP_FLAGS += -Xlog:aot+map*=trace:file=$$(JDK_IMAGE_DIR)/$$($1_$2_$3_CDS_ARCHIVE).cdsmap:none:filesize=0
   endif
 
-  $$(eval $$(call SetupExecute, $1_$2_gen_cds_archive_jdk, \
-      WARN := Creating CDS$$($1_$2_DUMP_TYPE) archive for jdk image for $1, \
-      INFO := Using CDS flags for $1: $$($1_$2_CDS_DUMP_FLAGS), \
+  $$(eval $$(call SetupExecute, $1_$2_$3_gen_cds_archive_jdk, \
+      WARN := Creating CDS$$($1_$2_$3_DUMP_TYPE) archive for jdk image for $1, \
+      INFO := Using CDS flags for $1: $$($1_$2_$3_CDS_DUMP_FLAGS), \
       DEPS := $$(jlink_jdk), \
-      OUTPUT_FILE := $$(JDK_IMAGE_DIR)/$$($1_$2_CDS_ARCHIVE), \
+      OUTPUT_FILE := $$(JDK_IMAGE_DIR)/$$($1_$2_$3_CDS_ARCHIVE), \
       SUPPORT_DIR := $$(JDK_IMAGE_SUPPORT_DIR), \
       COMMAND := $$(FIXPATH) $$(JDK_IMAGE_DIR)/bin/java -Xshare:dump \
-          -XX:SharedArchiveFile=$$(JDK_IMAGE_DIR)/$$($1_$2_CDS_ARCHIVE) \
-          -$1 $$($1_$2_DUMP_EXTRA_ARG) $$($1_$2_CDS_DUMP_FLAGS) $$(LOG_INFO), \
+          -XX:SharedArchiveFile=$$(JDK_IMAGE_DIR)/$$($1_$2_$3_CDS_ARCHIVE) \
+          -$1 $$($1_$2_$3_DUMP_EXTRA_ARG) $$($1_$2_$3_CDS_DUMP_FLAGS) $$(LOG_INFO), \
   ))
 
-  JDK_TARGETS += $$($1_$2_gen_cds_archive_jdk)
+  JDK_TARGETS += $$($1_$2_$3_gen_cds_archive_jdk)
 
-  $$(eval $$(call SetupExecute, $1_$2_gen_cds_archive_jre, \
-      WARN := Creating CDS$$($1_$2_DUMP_TYPE) archive for jre image for $1, \
-      INFO := Using CDS flags for $1: $$($1_$2_CDS_DUMP_FLAGS), \
+  $$(eval $$(call SetupExecute, $1_$2_$3_gen_cds_archive_jre, \
+      WARN := Creating CDS$$($1_$2_$3_DUMP_TYPE) archive for jre image for $1, \
+      INFO := Using CDS flags for $1: $$($1_$2_$3_CDS_DUMP_FLAGS), \
       DEPS := $$(jlink_jre), \
-      OUTPUT_FILE := $$(JRE_IMAGE_DIR)/$$($1_$2_CDS_ARCHIVE), \
+      OUTPUT_FILE := $$(JRE_IMAGE_DIR)/$$($1_$2_$3_CDS_ARCHIVE), \
       SUPPORT_DIR := $$(JRE_IMAGE_SUPPORT_DIR), \
       COMMAND := $$(FIXPATH) $$(JRE_IMAGE_DIR)/bin/java -Xshare:dump \
-          -XX:SharedArchiveFile=$$(JRE_IMAGE_DIR)/$$($1_$2_CDS_ARCHIVE) \
-          -$1 $$($1_$2_DUMP_EXTRA_ARG) $$($1_$2_CDS_DUMP_FLAGS) $$(LOG_INFO), \
+          -XX:SharedArchiveFile=$$(JRE_IMAGE_DIR)/$$($1_$2_$3_CDS_ARCHIVE) \
+          -$1 $$($1_$2_$3_DUMP_EXTRA_ARG) $$($1_$2_$3_CDS_DUMP_FLAGS) $$(LOG_INFO), \
   ))
 
-  JRE_TARGETS += $$($1_$2_gen_cds_archive_jre)
+  JRE_TARGETS += $$($1_$2_$3_gen_cds_archive_jre)
 endef
 
 ifeq ($(BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE), true)
   $(foreach v, $(JVM_VARIANTS), \
-    $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,)) \
+    $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,,)) \
+    $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,,_preview)) \
   )
 
   ifeq ($(call isTargetCpuBits, 64), true)
     $(foreach v, $(JVM_VARIANTS), \
-      $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,_nocoops)) \
+      $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,_nocoops,)) \
+      $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,_nocoops,_preview)) \
     )
     ifeq ($(BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE_NOCOH), true)
       $(foreach v, $(JVM_VARIANTS), \
         $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,_nocoh)) \
+        $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,_nocoh,_preview)) \
       )
       $(foreach v, $(JVM_VARIANTS), \
         $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,_nocoops_nocoh)) \
+        $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,_nocoops_nocoh,_preview)) \
       )
     endif
   endif
diff --git a/make/Main.gmk b/make/Main.gmk
index 172cee697ad..198403844c3 100644
--- a/make/Main.gmk
+++ b/make/Main.gmk
@@ -794,6 +794,20 @@ ifeq ($(BUILD_JTREG_TEST_THREAD_FACTORY), true)
   ))
 endif
 
+# Builds the value class plugin jtreg extension (JEP 401)
+$(eval $(call SetupTarget, build-test-value-class-plugin, \
+    MAKEFILE := test/BuildJtregValueClassPlugin, \
+    TARGET := build, \
+    DEPS := interim-langtools exploded-image, \
+))
+
+# Copies the value class plugin into the test image
+$(eval $(call SetupTarget, test-image-value-class-plugin, \
+    MAKEFILE := test/BuildJtregValueClassPlugin, \
+    TARGET := images, \
+    DEPS := build-test-value-class-plugin, \
+))
+
 $(eval $(call SetupTarget, build-microbenchmark, \
     MAKEFILE := test/BuildMicrobenchmark, \
     DEPS := interim-langtools exploded-image build-test-lib, \
@@ -1310,6 +1324,8 @@ ifeq ($(BUILD_JTREG_TEST_THREAD_FACTORY), true)
   test-image: test-image-test-thread-factory
 endif
 
+test-image: test-image-value-class-plugin
+
 ifneq ($(JMH_CORE_JAR), )
   test-image: build-microbenchmark
 endif
diff --git a/make/MainSupport.gmk b/make/MainSupport.gmk
index ee5bb324f8f..6025cc74a94 100644
--- a/make/MainSupport.gmk
+++ b/make/MainSupport.gmk
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -107,6 +107,7 @@ define Clean-java
 	@$(PRINTF) "Cleaning java %s..." "$(if $1,for $(strip $1) )"
 	@$(ECHO) "" $(LOG_DEBUG)
 	$(RM) -r $(JDK_OUTPUTDIR)/modules/$(strip $1)
+	$(RM) -r $(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/preview/$(strip $1)
 	$(RM) -r $(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/special_classes/$(strip $1)
 	$(ECHO) " done"
 	$(PRINTF) "Cleaning headers %s..." "$(if $1,for $(strip $1) )"
diff --git a/make/RunTests.gmk b/make/RunTests.gmk
index 1eb81499505..1ae49298785 100644
--- a/make/RunTests.gmk
+++ b/make/RunTests.gmk
@@ -93,6 +93,9 @@ JTREG_FAILURE_HANDLER := $(JTREG_FAILURE_HANDLER_DIR)/jtregFailureHandler.jar
 JTREG_TEST_THREAD_FACTORY_DIR := $(TEST_IMAGE_DIR)/jtreg_test_thread_factory
 JTREG_TEST_THREAD_FACTORY_JAR := $(JTREG_TEST_THREAD_FACTORY_DIR)/jtregTestThreadFactory.jar
 
+JTREG_VALUE_CLASS_PLUGIN_DIR := $(TEST_IMAGE_DIR)/jtreg_value_class_plugin
+JTREG_VALUE_CLASS_PLUGIN_JAR := $(JTREG_VALUE_CLASS_PLUGIN_DIR)/valueClassPlugin.jar
+
 JTREG_FAILURE_HANDLER_TIMEOUT ?= 0
 
 ifneq ($(wildcard $(JTREG_FAILURE_HANDLER)), )
@@ -206,7 +209,7 @@ $(eval $(call ParseKeywordVariable, JTREG, \
     SINGLE_KEYWORDS := JOBS TIMEOUT_FACTOR FAILURE_HANDLER_TIMEOUT \
         TEST_MODE ASSERT VERBOSE RETAIN TEST_THREAD_FACTORY JVMTI_STRESS_AGENT \
         MAX_MEM RUN_PROBLEM_LISTS RETRY_COUNT REPEAT_COUNT MAX_OUTPUT REPORT \
-        AOT_JDK MANUAL $(CUSTOM_JTREG_SINGLE_KEYWORDS), \
+        AOT_JDK MANUAL VALUE_CLASS_PLUGIN $(CUSTOM_JTREG_SINGLE_KEYWORDS), \
     STRING_KEYWORDS := OPTIONS JAVA_OPTIONS VM_OPTIONS KEYWORDS \
         EXTRA_PROBLEM_LISTS LAUNCHER_OPTIONS \
         $(CUSTOM_JTREG_STRING_KEYWORDS), \
@@ -877,6 +880,20 @@ define SetupRunJtregTestBody
     ))
   endif
 
+  ifneq ($$(JTREG_VALUE_CLASS_PLUGIN), )
+    ifneq ($$(wildcard $$(JTREG_VALUE_CLASS_PLUGIN_JAR)), )
+      $1_JTREG_BASIC_OPTIONS += -cpa:$$(JTREG_VALUE_CLASS_PLUGIN_JAR)
+    endif
+    $1_JTREG_BASIC_OPTIONS += -vmoption:--enable-preview
+    $1_JTREG_BASIC_OPTIONS += -javacoption:-XDaccessInternalAPI
+    $1_JTREG_BASIC_OPTIONS += -javacoption:--source -javacoption:$(VERSION_FEATURE)
+    $1_JTREG_BASIC_OPTIONS += -javacoption:--enable-preview
+    $1_JTREG_BASIC_OPTIONS += -javacoption:-Xplugin:ValueClassPlugin
+    $1_JTREG_BASIC_OPTIONS += $$(addprefix $$(JTREG_PROBLEM_LIST_PREFIX), $$(wildcard \
+        $$(addprefix $$($1_TEST_ROOT)/, ProblemList-ValueClass.txt) \
+    ))
+  endif
+
   ifneq ($$(JTREG_JVMTI_STRESS_AGENT), )
     AGENT := $$(LIBRARY_PREFIX)JvmtiStressAgent$$(SHARED_LIBRARY_SUFFIX)=$$(JTREG_JVMTI_STRESS_AGENT)
     $1_JTREG_BASIC_OPTIONS += -javaoption:'-agentpath:$(TEST_IMAGE_DIR)/hotspot/jtreg/native/$$(AGENT)'
diff --git a/make/RunTestsPrebuiltSpec.gmk b/make/RunTestsPrebuiltSpec.gmk
index 568f69da5a5..55801489cbf 100644
--- a/make/RunTestsPrebuiltSpec.gmk
+++ b/make/RunTestsPrebuiltSpec.gmk
@@ -53,6 +53,9 @@ $(eval $(call VerifyVariable,TEST_IMAGE_DIR))
 $(eval $(call VerifyVariable,MAKE))
 $(eval $(call VerifyVariable,BASH))
 
+include $(TOPDIR)/make/conf/version-numbers.conf
+VERSION_FEATURE := $(DEFAULT_VERSION_FEATURE)
+
 ################################################################################
 # The "human readable" name of this configuration
 CONF_NAME := run-test-prebuilt
diff --git a/make/ZipSource.gmk b/make/ZipSource.gmk
index 519339f2078..35c80400bf0 100644
--- a/make/ZipSource.gmk
+++ b/make/ZipSource.gmk
@@ -35,12 +35,35 @@ $(if $(filter $(TOPDIR)/%, $(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)), $(eval SRC_ZIP_BASE := $(TOPDI
 
 ################################################################################
 # Create the directory structure for src.zip using symlinks.
-# <module>/<package>/<file>.java
+#   <module>/<package>/<file>.java
+# or:
+#   <module>/META-INF/preview/<package>/<file>.java
+# for preview enabled sources.
+#
+# Generate the src dirs in the first make invocation and then call this makefile
+# again to create src.zip.
 
 ALL_MODULES := $(FindAllModules)
 
-# Generate the src dirs in the first make invocation and then call this makefile
-# again to create src.zip.
+# Module source directories ($d) are things like (but not limited to):
+# - $TOPDIR/src/<module>/share/classes
+# - $SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR/gensrc/<module>
+#
+# A symbolic link is created for each directory. For example:
+# - $TOPDIR/src/<module>/share/classes
+# is linked from:
+# - $SRC_ZIP_WORK_DIR/src/<module>/share/classes/<module>
+#
+# Each link has the form:
+# - $SRC_ZIP_WORK_DIR/<link-dir>/<module>
+# and always has the name of its module (even if the module already appears in <link-dir>.
+#
+# Then the contents of all link parent directories are given as ZIP includes:
+# - $SRC_ZIP_WORK_DIR/<link-dir>
+# results in ZIP file entries starting:
+# - <module>/...
+# where multiple source links/directories can contribute to the same module's sources.
+#
 $(foreach m, $(ALL_MODULES), \
   $(foreach d, $(call FindModuleSrcDirs, $m), \
     $(eval $d_TARGET := $(SRC_ZIP_WORK_DIR)/$(patsubst $(TOPDIR)/%,%,$(patsubst $(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/%,%,$d))/$m) \
@@ -54,6 +77,36 @@ $(foreach m, $(ALL_MODULES), \
   ) \
 )
 
+# Preview source directories are currently limited to:
+# - $SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR/gensrc-valueclasses/<module>
+# If this is changed, the 'patsubst' rewriting will need updating.
+#
+# The difficulty with this case is that we need to have a directory of the form:
+# - $SRC_ZIP_WORK_DIR/<link-dir>/<module>
+# containing (either directly or via symbolic linking) a `META-INF/preview`
+# subdirectory which then contains the sources.
+#
+# The easiest way to achieve this is to symbolically link:
+# - $SRC_ZIP_WORK_DIR/<link-dir>/<module>/META-INF/preview
+# and then use the parent directory:
+# - $SRC_ZIP_WORK_DIR/<link-dir>/<module>
+# as the actual target for the ZIP file generation. However, this requires
+# an extra rule to associate the symbolic link and the parent directory.
+#
+$(foreach m, $(ALL_MODULES), \
+  $(foreach d, $(call FindModulePreviewSrcDirs, $m), \
+    $(eval $d_TARGET := $(SRC_ZIP_WORK_DIR)/$(patsubst $(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/%,%,$d)/$m) \
+    $(if $(SRC_GENERATED), , \
+      $(eval $$($d_TARGET)/META-INF/preview: $d ; \
+          $$(if $(filter $(SRC_ZIP_BASE)/%, $d), $$(link-file-relative), $$(link-file-absolute)) \
+      ) \
+      $(eval $$($d_TARGET): $$($d_TARGET)/META-INF/preview) \
+    ) \
+    $(eval SRC_ZIP_SRCS += $$($d_TARGET)) \
+    $(eval SRC_ZIP_SRCS_$m += $$($d_TARGET)) \
+  ) \
+)
+
 TARGETS += $(SRC_ZIP_SRCS)
 
 ################################################################################
diff --git a/make/common/Modules.gmk b/make/common/Modules.gmk
index 1ec7bef6f98..f40921e2434 100644
--- a/make/common/Modules.gmk
+++ b/make/common/Modules.gmk
@@ -68,6 +68,12 @@ GENERATED_SRC_DIRS += \
     $(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/gensrc \
     #
 
+# Directories in which generated preview classes may exist.
+# Currently this is restricted to generated value classes, but can be extended.
+GENERATED_PREVIEW_SUBDIRS += \
+    $(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/gensrc-valueclasses \
+    #
+
 TOP_SRC_DIRS += \
     $(TOPDIR)/src \
     #
@@ -137,6 +143,13 @@ FindModuleSrcDirs = \
         $(addsuffix /$(strip $1), $(GENERATED_SRC_DIRS) $(IMPORT_MODULES_SRC)) \
         $(foreach sub, $(SRC_SUBDIRS), $(addsuffix /$(strip $1)/$(sub), $(TOP_SRC_DIRS)))))
 
+# Find preview class source dirs for a particular module.
+# Currently this is restricted to generated value classes, but can be extended.
+# $1 - Module to find source dirs for
+FindModulePreviewSrcDirs = \
+    $(strip $(wildcard \
+        $(addsuffix /$(strip $1), $(GENERATED_PREVIEW_SUBDIRS))))
+
 # Find all specs dirs for a particular module
 # $1 - Module to find specs dirs for
 FindModuleSpecsDirs = \
@@ -159,6 +172,13 @@ GetModuleSrcPath = \
         $(addsuffix /*, $(GENERATED_SRC_DIRS) $(IMPORT_MODULES_SRC)) \
         $(foreach sub, $(SRC_SUBDIRS), $(addsuffix /*/$(sub), $(TOP_SRC_DIRS))))
 
+# Construct the complete module source path for preview classes.
+# Currently this is restricted to generated value classes, but can be extended.
+GetModulePreviewSrcPath = \
+    $(call PathList, \
+        $(addsuffix /*, $(GENERATED_PREVIEW_SUBDIRS) $(GENERATED_SRC_DIRS) $(IMPORT_MODULES_SRC)) \
+        $(foreach sub, $(SRC_SUBDIRS), $(addsuffix /*/$(sub), $(TOP_SRC_DIRS))))
+
 ################################################################################
 # Extract module dependencies from module-info.java files, both normal
 # dependencies ("requires"), and indirect exports ("requires transitive").
diff --git a/make/common/modules/GensrcStreamPreProcessing.gmk b/make/common/modules/GensrcStreamPreProcessing.gmk
index eb92ed99ed4..c2961ee8c9f 100644
--- a/make/common/modules/GensrcStreamPreProcessing.gmk
+++ b/make/common/modules/GensrcStreamPreProcessing.gmk
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -33,9 +33,12 @@ ifeq ($(INCLUDE), true)
 include Execute.gmk
 include $(TOPDIR)/make/ToolsJdk.gmk
 
-NON_BYTE_NUMBER_TYPES := char short int long float double
+NON_BYTE_INTEGER_TYPES := char short int long
+NON_BYTE_NUMBER_TYPES := $(NON_BYTE_INTEGER_TYPES) float double
 NUMBER_TYPES := byte $(NON_BYTE_NUMBER_TYPES)
+INTEGER_NUMBER_TYPES := byte $(NON_BYTE_INTEGER_TYPES)
 PRIMITIVE_TYPES := boolean $(NUMBER_TYPES)
+BITWISE_PRIMITIVE_TYPES := boolean $(INTEGER_NUMBER_TYPES)
 
 ################################################################################
 # The Conv function converts a type given as first argument (as a normal Java
diff --git a/make/hotspot/lib/JvmFeatures.gmk b/make/hotspot/lib/JvmFeatures.gmk
index 7dc5fd676a1..ced4f1f6350 100644
--- a/make/hotspot/lib/JvmFeatures.gmk
+++ b/make/hotspot/lib/JvmFeatures.gmk
@@ -52,7 +52,8 @@ ifeq ($(call check-jvm-feature, zero), true)
   JVM_EXCLUDES += opto libadt
   JVM_EXCLUDE_PATTERNS += c1_ c1/ c2_ runtime_ /c2/
   JVM_EXCLUDE_FILES += templateInterpreter.cpp \
-      templateInterpreterGenerator.cpp bcEscapeAnalyzer.cpp ciTypeFlow.cpp
+      templateInterpreterGenerator.cpp bcEscapeAnalyzer.cpp ciTypeFlow.cpp \
+      macroAssembler_common.cpp
   JVM_CFLAGS_FEATURES += -DZERO \
       -DZERO_LIBARCH='"$(OPENJDK_TARGET_CPU_LEGACY_LIB)"' $(LIBFFI_CFLAGS)
   JVM_LIBS_FEATURES += $(LIBFFI_LIBS)
diff --git a/make/langtools/src/classes/build/tools/symbolgenerator/CreateSymbols.java b/make/langtools/src/classes/build/tools/symbolgenerator/CreateSymbols.java
index fe5938ce0e3..14d6e17ec05 100644
--- a/make/langtools/src/classes/build/tools/symbolgenerator/CreateSymbols.java
+++ b/make/langtools/src/classes/build/tools/symbolgenerator/CreateSymbols.java
@@ -183,6 +183,18 @@
  */
 public class CreateSymbols {
 
+    /**
+     * <p>Support for a "preview version" of classfiles when running with preview
+     * mode. This is modeled as a new version (@) and since preview mode is only
+     * supported for the current version, a single identifier token is sufficient.
+     *
+     * <p>For example, inside ct.sym, 27 will be modeled as 'R', and the preview
+     * for 27 will be '@'. Classfiles unchanged between 27 and 27-preview will
+     * not be duplicated (in the same way classfiles that are common between 26
+     * and 27 are shared).
+     */
+    private static final String PREVIEW_VERSION = "@";
+
     //<editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc="ct.sym construction">
     /**Create sig files for ct.sym reading the classes description from the directory that contains
      * {@code ctDescriptionFile}, using the file as a recipe to create the sigfiles.
@@ -212,12 +224,17 @@ public void createSymbols(String ctDescriptionFileExtra, String ctDescriptionFil
         loadVersionClassesFromDirectory(data.classes, data.modules, moduleClassPath,
                                         includedModules, currentVersion, previousVersion);
 
+        loadVersionClassesFromDirectory(data.classes, data.modules, moduleClassPath,
+                includedModules, PREVIEW_VERSION, currentVersion);
+
         stripNonExistentAnnotations(data);
         splitHeaders(data.classes);
 
         Map<String, Map<Character, String>> package2Version2Module = new HashMap<>();
         Map<String, Set<FileData>> directory2FileData = new TreeMap<>();
 
+        String currentVersionFin = currentVersion;
+
         for (ModuleDescription md : data.modules.values()) {
             for (ModuleHeaderDescription mhd : md.header) {
                 writeModulesForVersions(directory2FileData,
@@ -226,6 +243,9 @@ public void createSymbols(String ctDescriptionFileExtra, String ctDescriptionFil
                                         mhd.versions,
                                         version -> {
                                             String versionString = Character.toString(version);
+                                            if (PREVIEW_VERSION.equals(versionString)) {
+                                                versionString = currentVersionFin;
+                                            }
                                             int versionNumber = Integer.parseInt(versionString, Character.MAX_RADIX);
                                             versionString = Integer.toString(versionNumber);
                                             if (versionNumber == currentVersionParsed && !preReleaseTag.isEmpty()) {
@@ -809,6 +829,9 @@ void writeClass(Map<String, Set<FileData>> directory2FileData,
                     String module,
                     String version) throws IOException {
         var classFile = ClassFile.of().build(ClassDesc.ofInternalName(classDescription.name), clb -> {
+            if (header.preview) {
+                clb.withVersion(ClassFile.latestMajorVersion(), ClassFile.PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION);
+            }
             if (header.extendsAttr != null)
                 clb.withSuperclass(ClassDesc.ofInternalName(header.extendsAttr));
             clb.withInterfaceSymbols(header.implementsAttr.stream().map(ClassDesc::ofInternalName).collect(Collectors.toList()))
@@ -1305,8 +1328,9 @@ private void loadVersionClassesFromDirectory(ClassList classes,
                 Collections.emptySet());
 
         try {
+            record ExportedDir(Path modulePath, Path exportedDir) {}
             Map<Path, ModuleHeaderDescription> modulePath2Header = new HashMap<>();
-            List<Path> pendingExportedDirectories = new ArrayList<>();
+            List<ExportedDir> pendingExportedDirectories = new ArrayList<>();
 
             try (DirectoryStream<Path> ds = Files.newDirectoryStream(modulesDirectory)) {
                 for (Path p : ds) {
@@ -1314,7 +1338,7 @@ private void loadVersionClassesFromDirectory(ClassList classes,
                         continue;
                     }
 
-                    Path moduleInfo = p.resolve("module-info.class");
+                    Path moduleInfo = resolvePossiblyPreviewClassFile(version, p, p.resolve("module-info.class"));
 
                     if (Files.isReadable(moduleInfo)) {
                         ModuleDescription md = inspectModuleInfoClassFile(Files.readAllBytes(moduleInfo),
@@ -1333,7 +1357,7 @@ private void loadVersionClassesFromDirectory(ClassList classes,
 
                         for (String dir : currentModuleExports) {
                             includes.add(dir);
-                            pendingExportedDirectories.add(p.resolve(dir));
+                            pendingExportedDirectories.add(new ExportedDir(p, p.resolve(dir)));
                         }
                     } else {
                         throw new IllegalArgumentException("Included module: " +
@@ -1345,13 +1369,15 @@ private void loadVersionClassesFromDirectory(ClassList classes,
 
             List<String> pendingExtraClasses = new ArrayList<>();
 
-            for (Path exported : pendingExportedDirectories) {
-                try (DirectoryStream<Path> ds = Files.newDirectoryStream(exported)) {
+            for (ExportedDir exported : pendingExportedDirectories) {
+                try (DirectoryStream<Path> ds = Files.newDirectoryStream(exported.exportedDir())) {
                     for (Path p2 : ds) {
                         if (!Files.isRegularFile(p2) || !p2.getFileName().toString().endsWith(".class")) {
                             continue;
                         }
 
+                        p2 = resolvePossiblyPreviewClassFile(version, exported.modulePath(), p2);
+
                         loadFromDirectoryHandleClassFile(p2, currentVersionClasses,
                                                          currentEIList, version,
                                                          pendingExtraClasses);
@@ -1370,6 +1396,7 @@ private void loadVersionClassesFromDirectory(ClassList classes,
                     Path currentPath = e.getKey().resolve(current + ".class");
 
                     if (Files.isReadable(currentPath)) {
+                        currentPath = resolvePossiblyPreviewClassFile(version, e.getKey(), currentPath);
                         String pack = current.substring(0, current.lastIndexOf('/'));
 
                         e.getValue().extraModulePackages.add(pack);
@@ -1402,6 +1429,21 @@ private void loadFromDirectoryHandleClassFile(Path path, ClassList currentVersio
         }
     }
 
+    private Path resolvePossiblyPreviewClassFile(String version, Path moduleClassDir, Path classfile) {
+        if (!PREVIEW_VERSION.equals(version)) {
+            return classfile;
+        }
+
+        Path relativePath = moduleClassDir.relativize(classfile);
+        Path previewCandidate = moduleClassDir.resolve("META-INF").resolve("preview").resolve(relativePath);
+
+        if (Files.exists(previewCandidate)) {
+            return previewCandidate;
+        }
+
+        return classfile;
+    }
+
     private void finishClassLoading(ClassList classes, Map<String, ModuleDescription> modules, Map<String, ModuleDescription> currentVersionModules, ClassList currentVersionClasses, ExcludeIncludeList currentEIList, String version,
                                     String baseline) {
         ModuleDescription unsupported =
@@ -1930,6 +1972,7 @@ private void inspectClassFile(InputStream in, ClassList classes, ExcludeIncludeL
         ClassHeaderDescription headerDesc = new ClassHeaderDescription();
 
         headerDesc.flags = cm.flags().flagsMask();
+        headerDesc.preview = cm.minorVersion() == ClassFile.PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION;
 
         if (cm.superclass().isPresent()) {
             headerDesc.extendsAttr = cm.superclass().get().asInternalName();
@@ -1996,6 +2039,7 @@ private ModuleDescription inspectModuleInfoClassFile(byte[] data,
 
         headerDesc.versions = version;
         headerDesc.flags = cm.flags().flagsMask();
+        headerDesc.preview = cm.minorVersion() == ClassFile.PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION;
 
         for (var attr : cm.attributes()) {
             if (!readAttribute(headerDesc, attr))
@@ -2263,7 +2307,13 @@ private boolean readAttribute(FeatureDescription feature, Attribute<?> attr) {
                 feature.classTypeAnnotations = typeAnnotations2Descriptions(a.annotations());
             case RuntimeVisibleTypeAnnotationsAttribute a ->
                 feature.runtimeTypeAnnotations = typeAnnotations2Descriptions(a.annotations());
-            default -> throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unhandled attribute: " + attr.attributeName()); // Do nothing
+            default -> {
+                if (attr.attributeName().equalsString("LoadableDescriptors")) {
+                    //OK, do nothing
+                } else {
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unhandled attribute: " + attr.attributeName());
+                }
+            }
         }
 
         return true;
@@ -3308,11 +3358,13 @@ protected void readRecordComponents(LineBasedReader reader) throws IOException {
 
     static abstract class HeaderDescription extends FeatureDescription {
         List<InnerClassInfo> innerClasses;
+        boolean preview;
 
         @Override
         public int hashCode() {
             int hash = super.hashCode();
             hash = 19 * hash + Objects.hashCode(this.innerClasses);
+            hash = 19 * hash + Objects.hashCode(this.preview);
             return hash;
         }
 
@@ -3328,6 +3380,9 @@ public boolean equals(Object obj) {
             if (!listEquals(this.innerClasses, other.innerClasses)) {
                 return false;
             }
+            if (this.preview != other.preview) {
+                return false;
+            }
             return true;
         }
 
@@ -3366,6 +3421,22 @@ protected void readInnerClasses(LineBasedReader reader) throws IOException {
             }
         }
 
+        @Override
+        protected void writeAttributes(Appendable output) throws IOException {
+            super.writeAttributes(output);
+            if (preview) {
+                output.append(" preview true");
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void readAttributes(LineBasedReader reader) {
+            super.readAttributes(reader);
+            String inPreview = reader.attributes.get("preview");
+            if ("true".equals(inPreview)) {
+                preview = true;
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     static class MethodDescription extends FeatureDescription {
diff --git a/make/modules/java.base/Gensrc.gmk b/make/modules/java.base/Gensrc.gmk
index 675038c8fd5..7de79e016a1 100644
--- a/make/modules/java.base/Gensrc.gmk
+++ b/make/modules/java.base/Gensrc.gmk
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ include gensrc/GensrcMisc.gmk
 include gensrc/GensrcModuleLoaderMap.gmk
 include gensrc/GensrcRegex.gmk
 include gensrc/GensrcScopedMemoryAccess.gmk
+include gensrc/GensrcValueClasses.gmk
 include gensrc/GensrcVarHandles.gmk
 
 ################################################################################
diff --git a/make/modules/java.base/gensrc/GensrcValueClasses.gmk b/make/modules/java.base/gensrc/GensrcValueClasses.gmk
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ff54bd913ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/make/modules/java.base/gensrc/GensrcValueClasses.gmk
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2023, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+#
+# This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+# under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+# published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+# particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+# by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+#
+# This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+# version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+# accompanied this code).
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+# 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+# Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+#
+# Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+# or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+# questions.
+#
+
+################################################################################
+# Generate the value class replacements for selected java.base source files
+# See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+
+JAVA_BASE_VALUE_CLASS_REPLACEMENTS := \
+    java/lang/Byte.java \
+    java/lang/Short.java \
+    java/lang/Integer.java \
+    java/lang/Long.java \
+    java/lang/Float.java \
+    java/lang/Double.java \
+    java/lang/Boolean.java \
+    java/lang/Character.java \
+    java/lang/Number.java \
+    java/lang/Record.java \
+    java/util/Optional.java \
+    java/util/OptionalInt.java \
+    java/util/OptionalLong.java \
+    java/util/OptionalDouble.java \
+    java/time/LocalDate.java \
+    java/time/LocalDateTime.java \
+    java/time/LocalTime.java \
+    java/time/Duration.java \
+    java/time/Instant.java \
+    java/time/MonthDay.java \
+    java/time/ZonedDateTime.java \
+    java/time/OffsetDateTime.java \
+    java/time/OffsetTime.java \
+    java/time/YearMonth.java \
+    java/time/Year.java \
+    java/time/Period.java \
+    java/time/chrono/ChronoLocalDateImpl.java \
+    java/time/chrono/MinguoDate.java \
+    java/time/chrono/HijrahDate.java \
+    java/time/chrono/JapaneseDate.java \
+    java/time/chrono/ThaiBuddhistDate.java \
+    #
+
+JAVA_BASE_VALUE_CLASS_SRC_PATHS := \
+    $(foreach f, $(JAVA_BASE_VALUE_CLASS_REPLACEMENTS), $(addprefix $(TOPDIR)/src/java.base/share/classes/, $(f)))
+
+$(eval $(call SetupTextFileProcessing, JAVA_BASE_VALUE_CLASS_TARGETS, \
+    SOURCE_FILES := $(JAVA_BASE_VALUE_CLASS_SRC_PATHS), \
+    SOURCE_BASE_DIR := $(TOPDIR)/src/java.base/share/classes, \
+    OUTPUT_DIR := $(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/gensrc-valueclasses/java.base/, \
+    REPLACEMENTS := \
+        /\*value\*/ class => value class ; \
+        /\*value\*/ record => value record ; \
+))
+
+TARGETS += $(JAVA_BASE_VALUE_CLASS_TARGETS)
diff --git a/make/modules/java.base/gensrc/GensrcVarHandles.gmk b/make/modules/java.base/gensrc/GensrcVarHandles.gmk
index 4b1697fd354..4569fa571c2 100644
--- a/make/modules/java.base/gensrc/GensrcVarHandles.gmk
+++ b/make/modules/java.base/gensrc/GensrcVarHandles.gmk
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -30,35 +30,59 @@ ifeq ($(INCLUDE), true)
 
 VARHANDLES_INPUT_DIR := $(MODULE_SRC)/share/classes/java/lang/invoke
 VARHANDLES_OUTPUT_DIR := $(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/gensrc/java.base/java/lang/invoke
+# These guys are cased because make cannot preserve case...
+VARHANDLE_OBJECT_TYPES := Reference FlatValue NonAtomicReference NonAtomicFlatValue
 
 ################################################################################
 # Setup a rule for generating a VarHandle java class
 #
 # arg $1: type for this varhandle
 define GenerateVarHandle
-  VARHANDLE_$1_type := $$(strip $$(if $$(filter reference, $1), Object, $1))
-  VARHANDLE_$1_Type := $$(call Conv, $1, Type)
+  # Underlying erased signature type, Object or a primitive type
+  VARHANDLE_$1_type := \
+      $$(strip $$(if $$(filter $(VARHANDLE_OBJECT_TYPES), $1), Object, $1))
+  VARHANDLE_$1_InputType := \
+      $$(strip $$(if $$(filter $(VARHANDLE_OBJECT_TYPES), $1), $1, \
+      $$(call Conv, $1, Type)))
+  VARHANDLE_$1_Type := \
+      $$(strip $$(subst NonAtomicReference, Reference, \
+      $$(subst NonAtomicFlatValue, FlatValue, $$(VARHANDLE_$1_InputType))))
 
   $1_KEYS := $$(VARHANDLE_$1_type) CAS
+  ifneq ($$(filter $(PRIMITIVE_TYPES), $1),)
+    # Reference types use ArrayVarHandle class
+    $1_KEYS += Array Static
+  else ifneq ($$(filter Reference NonAtomicReference, $1),)
+    $1_KEYS += Reference Static
+  else ifneq ($$(filter FlatValue NonAtomicFlatValue, $1),)
+    # No static field is flat in Hotspot
+    $1_KEYS += FlatValue
+  endif
+
   ifneq ($$(filter byte short char, $1),)
     $1_KEYS += ShorterThanInt
   endif
-  ifeq ($$(filter boolean reference, $1),)
+  ifneq ($$(filter $(NUMBER_TYPES), $1),)
     $1_KEYS += AtomicAdd
   endif
-  ifeq ($$(filter float double reference, $1),)
+  ifneq ($$(filter $(BITWISE_PRIMITIVE_TYPES), $1),)
     $1_KEYS += Bitwise
   endif
+  ifeq ($$(filter NonAtomicReference NonAtomicFlatValue, $1),)
+    # Everyone except NonAtomicXxx have non-plain access
+    $1_KEYS += NonPlainAccess
+  endif
 
   $$(eval $$(call SetupStreamPreProcessing, GEN_VARHANDLE_$1, \
       SOURCE_FILE := $$(VARHANDLES_INPUT_DIR)/X-VarHandle.java.template, \
-      OUTPUT_FILE := $$(VARHANDLES_OUTPUT_DIR)/VarHandle$$(VARHANDLE_$1_Type)s.java, \
+      OUTPUT_FILE := $$(VARHANDLES_OUTPUT_DIR)/VarHandle$$(VARHANDLE_$1_InputType)s.java, \
       INFO := Generating VarHandle class for $1, \
       SUBST_EMPTY_LINES := false, \
       KEYS := $$($1_KEYS), \
       REPLACEMENTS := \
           type=$$(VARHANDLE_$1_type) \
-          Type=$$(VARHANDLE_$1_Type), \
+          Type=$$(VARHANDLE_$1_Type) \
+          InputType=$$(VARHANDLE_$1_InputType), \
   ))
   TARGETS += $$(GEN_VARHANDLE_$1)
 endef
@@ -143,7 +167,7 @@ endef
 ################################################################################
 # Generate all VarHandle related classes
 
-$(foreach t, $(PRIMITIVE_TYPES) reference, \
+$(foreach t, $(PRIMITIVE_TYPES) $(VARHANDLE_OBJECT_TYPES), \
   $(eval $(call GenerateVarHandle,$t)) \
 )
 
diff --git a/make/test/BuildJtregValueClassPlugin.gmk b/make/test/BuildJtregValueClassPlugin.gmk
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..125af5c2f54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/make/test/BuildJtregValueClassPlugin.gmk
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+#
+# This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+# under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+# published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+# particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+# by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+#
+# This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+# version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+# accompanied this code).
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+# 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+# Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+#
+# Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+# or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+# questions.
+#
+
+include MakeFileStart.gmk
+
+################################################################################
+# Builds one JAR used by jtreg to test value classes (JEP 401):
+#
+#  valueClassPlugin.jar -- Contains ValueClassPlugin (a javac Plugin that
+#    rewrites @AsValueClass classes to value classes at parse time) together
+#    with @AsValueClass and the META-INF service descriptor, compiled WITH
+#    --enable-preview and the required internal-API exports.
+#
+# Usage in test runs (via RunTests.gmk):
+#   make test TEST=... JTREG=VALUE_CLASS_PLUGIN=true
+#
+# The plugin is also enabled automatically when --enable-preview is passed via
+# VM_OPTIONS or JAVA_OPTIONS and the plugin JARs are present in the test image:
+#   make test TEST=... JTREG=VM_OPTIONS=--enable-preview
+#
+################################################################################
+
+include CopyFiles.gmk
+include JavaCompilation.gmk
+
+VCP_BASEDIR := $(TOPDIR)/test/jtreg_value_class_plugin
+VCP_SUPPORT := $(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/test/jtreg_value_class_plugin
+
+# Compile ValueClassPlugin WITH --enable-preview
+$(eval $(call SetupJavaCompilation, BUILD_VCP_PLUGIN, \
+    TARGET_RELEASE := $(TARGET_RELEASE_NEWJDK_UPGRADED), \
+    SRC := $(VCP_BASEDIR)/plugin, \
+    BIN := $(VCP_SUPPORT)/plugin_classes, \
+    JAR := $(VCP_SUPPORT)/valueClassPlugin.jar, \
+    JAVAC_FLAGS := \
+        --add-exports jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.api=ALL-UNNAMED \
+        --add-exports jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.code=ALL-UNNAMED \
+        --add-exports jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.tree=ALL-UNNAMED \
+        --add-exports jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util=ALL-UNNAMED \
+        --enable-preview, \
+    DISABLED_WARNINGS := preview, \
+))
+
+TARGETS += $(BUILD_VCP_PLUGIN)
+
+################################################################################
+# Targets for building test-image.
+################################################################################
+
+$(eval $(call SetupCopyFiles, COPY_VCP, \
+    SRC := $(VCP_SUPPORT), \
+    DEST := $(TEST_IMAGE_DIR)/jtreg_value_class_plugin, \
+    FILES := \
+        $(VCP_SUPPORT)/valueClassPlugin.jar, \
+))
+
+IMAGES_TARGETS += $(COPY_VCP)
+
+build: $(TARGETS)
+images: $(IMAGES_TARGETS)
+
+.PHONY: images
+
+################################################################################
+
+include MakeFileEnd.gmk
diff --git a/make/test/BuildMicrobenchmark.gmk b/make/test/BuildMicrobenchmark.gmk
index c71ef7c61af..cdbdab6f68f 100644
--- a/make/test/BuildMicrobenchmark.gmk
+++ b/make/test/BuildMicrobenchmark.gmk
@@ -78,13 +78,14 @@ MICROBENCHMARK_MANIFEST := Build: $(FULL_VERSION)\n\
 # requires the use of -processor option during benchmark compilation.
 
 # Build microbenchmark suite for the current JDK
+# Need to patch java.base to include preview classes not found in interim javac
 $(eval $(call SetupJavaCompilation, BUILD_JDK_MICROBENCHMARK, \
     TARGET_RELEASE := $(TARGET_RELEASE_NEWJDK_UPGRADED), \
     SMALL_JAVA := false, \
     CLASSPATH := $(JMH_COMPILE_JARS), \
     CREATE_API_DIGEST := true, \
-    DISABLED_WARNINGS := restricted this-escape rawtypes removal cast \
-        serial preview, \
+    DISABLED_WARNINGS := restricted this-escape processing rawtypes removal cast \
+        serial preview unchecked deprecation dangling-doc-comments, \
     SRC := $(MICROBENCHMARK_SRC), \
     BIN := $(MICROBENCHMARK_CLASSES), \
     JAVAC_FLAGS := \
@@ -95,12 +96,15 @@ $(eval $(call SetupJavaCompilation, BUILD_JDK_MICROBENCHMARK, \
         --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.jimage=ALL-UNNAMED \
         --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED \
         --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.util=ALL-UNNAMED \
+        --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED \
         --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.vm=ALL-UNNAMED \
+        --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED \
         --add-exports java.base/sun.invoke.util=ALL-UNNAMED \
         --add-exports java.base/sun.security.util=ALL-UNNAMED \
         --add-exports java.base/sun.security.util.math=ALL-UNNAMED \
         --add-exports java.base/sun.security.util.math.intpoly=ALL-UNNAMED \
         --enable-preview \
+        --patch-module java.base=$(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/preview/java.base \
         -XDsuppressNotes \
         -processor org.openjdk.jmh.generators.BenchmarkProcessor \
         -s $(MICROBENCHMARK_GENSRC), \
diff --git a/make/test/BuildTestLib.gmk b/make/test/BuildTestLib.gmk
index 3668a918ab1..010b910e697 100644
--- a/make/test/BuildTestLib.gmk
+++ b/make/test/BuildTestLib.gmk
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ $(eval $(call SetupJavaCompilation, BUILD_WB_JAR, \
     SRC := $(TEST_LIB_SOURCE_DIR)/jdk/test/whitebox/, \
     BIN := $(TEST_LIB_SUPPORT)/wb_classes, \
     JAR := $(TEST_LIB_SUPPORT)/wb.jar, \
+    DISABLED_WARNINGS := preview, \
     JAVAC_FLAGS := --enable-preview, \
 ))
 
@@ -58,10 +59,11 @@ endif
 $(eval $(call SetupJavaCompilation, BUILD_TEST_LIB_JAR, \
     TARGET_RELEASE := $(TARGET_RELEASE_NEWJDK_UPGRADED), \
     SRC := $(TEST_LIB_SOURCE_DIR), \
-    EXCLUDES := $(BUILD_TEST_LIB_JAR_EXCLUDES), \
+    EXCLUDES := $(BUILD_TEST_LIB_JAR_EXCLUDES) org, \
     BIN := $(TEST_LIB_SUPPORT)/test-lib_classes, \
     HEADERS := $(TEST_LIB_SUPPORT)/test-lib_headers, \
     JAR := $(TEST_LIB_SUPPORT)/test-lib.jar, \
+    DISABLED_WARNINGS := preview, \
     JAVAC_FLAGS := --add-exports java.base/sun.security.util=ALL-UNNAMED \
         --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.classfile=ALL-UNNAMED \
         --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.classfile.attribute=ALL-UNNAMED \
@@ -72,6 +74,12 @@ $(eval $(call SetupJavaCompilation, BUILD_TEST_LIB_JAR, \
         --add-exports java.base/sun.security.provider.certpath=ALL-UNNAMED \
         --add-exports java.base/sun.security.tools.keytool=ALL-UNNAMED \
         --add-exports java.base/sun.security.x509=ALL-UNNAMED \
+        --add-exports jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.api=ALL-UNNAMED \
+        --add-exports jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.code=ALL-UNNAMED \
+        --add-exports jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.comp=ALL-UNNAMED \
+        --add-exports jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.main=ALL-UNNAMED \
+        --add-exports jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.tree=ALL-UNNAMED \
+        --add-exports jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util=ALL-UNNAMED \
         --enable-preview, \
 ))
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad
index 366b1f94898..841b4dff449 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad
@@ -1688,6 +1688,9 @@ int MachCallRuntimeNode::ret_addr_offset() const {
   CodeBlob *cb = CodeCache::find_blob(_entry_point);
   if (cb) {
     return 1 * NativeInstruction::instruction_size;
+  } else if (_entry_point == nullptr) {
+    // See CallLeafNoFPIndirect
+    return 1 * NativeInstruction::instruction_size;
   } else {
     return 6 * NativeInstruction::instruction_size;
   }
@@ -1796,49 +1799,15 @@ void MachPrologNode::format(PhaseRegAlloc *ra_, outputStream *st) const {
 void MachPrologNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
   Compile* C = ra_->C;
 
-  // n.b. frame size includes space for return pc and rfp
-  const int framesize = C->output()->frame_size_in_bytes();
-
-  if (C->clinit_barrier_on_entry()) {
-    assert(!C->method()->holder()->is_not_initialized(), "initialization should have been started");
 
-    Label L_skip_barrier;
+  __ verified_entry(C, 0);
 
-    __ mov_metadata(rscratch2, C->method()->holder()->constant_encoding());
-    __ clinit_barrier(rscratch2, rscratch1, &L_skip_barrier);
-    __ far_jump(RuntimeAddress(SharedRuntime::get_handle_wrong_method_stub()));
-    __ bind(L_skip_barrier);
+  if (C->stub_function() == nullptr) {
+    __ entry_barrier();
   }
 
-  if (C->max_vector_size() > 0) {
-    __ reinitialize_ptrue();
-  }
-
-  int bangsize = C->output()->bang_size_in_bytes();
-  if (C->output()->need_stack_bang(bangsize))
-    __ generate_stack_overflow_check(bangsize);
-
-  __ build_frame(framesize);
-
-  if (C->stub_function() == nullptr) {
-    BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
-    // Dummy labels for just measuring the code size
-    Label dummy_slow_path;
-    Label dummy_continuation;
-    Label dummy_guard;
-    Label* slow_path = &dummy_slow_path;
-    Label* continuation = &dummy_continuation;
-    Label* guard = &dummy_guard;
-    if (!Compile::current()->output()->in_scratch_emit_size()) {
-      // Use real labels from actual stub when not emitting code for the purpose of measuring its size
-      C2EntryBarrierStub* stub = new (Compile::current()->comp_arena()) C2EntryBarrierStub();
-      Compile::current()->output()->add_stub(stub);
-      slow_path = &stub->entry();
-      continuation = &stub->continuation();
-      guard = &stub->guard();
-    }
-    // In the C2 code, we move the non-hot part of nmethod entry barriers out-of-line to a stub.
-    bs->nmethod_entry_barrier(masm, slow_path, continuation, guard);
+  if (!Compile::current()->output()->in_scratch_emit_size()) {
+    __ bind(*_verified_entry);
   }
 
   if (VerifyStackAtCalls) {
@@ -1855,12 +1824,6 @@ void MachPrologNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
   }
 }
 
-uint MachPrologNode::size(PhaseRegAlloc* ra_) const
-{
-  return MachNode::size(ra_); // too many variables; just compute it
-                              // the hard way
-}
-
 int MachPrologNode::reloc() const
 {
   return 0;
@@ -1903,7 +1866,7 @@ void MachEpilogNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
   Compile* C = ra_->C;
   int framesize = C->output()->frame_slots() << LogBytesPerInt;
 
-  __ remove_frame(framesize);
+  __ remove_frame(framesize, C->needs_stack_repair());
 
   if (StackReservedPages > 0 && C->has_reserved_stack_access()) {
     __ reserved_stack_check();
@@ -1922,11 +1885,6 @@ void MachEpilogNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
   }
 }
 
-uint MachEpilogNode::size(PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
-  // Variable size. Determine dynamically.
-  return MachNode::size(ra_);
-}
-
 int MachEpilogNode::reloc() const {
   // Return number of relocatable values contained in this instruction.
   return 1; // 1 for polling page.
@@ -2225,8 +2183,47 @@ uint BoxLockNode::size(PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
   }
 }
 
-//=============================================================================
+///=============================================================================
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+void MachVEPNode::format(PhaseRegAlloc* ra_, outputStream* st) const
+{
+  st->print_cr("# MachVEPNode");
+  if (!_verified) {
+    st->print_cr("\t load_class");
+  } else {
+    st->print_cr("\t unpack_inline_arg");
+  }
+}
+#endif
 
+void MachVEPNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc* ra_) const
+{
+  if (!_verified) {
+    __ ic_check(1);
+  } else {
+    if (ra_->C->stub_function() == nullptr) {
+      // Emit the entry barrier in a temporary frame before unpacking because
+      // it can deopt, which would require packing the scalarized args again.
+      __ verified_entry(ra_->C, 0);
+      __ entry_barrier();
+      int framesize = ra_->C->output()->frame_slots() << LogBytesPerInt;
+      __ remove_frame(framesize, false);
+    }
+    // Unpack inline type args passed as oop and then jump to
+    // the verified entry point (skipping the unverified entry).
+    int sp_inc = __ unpack_inline_args(ra_->C, _receiver_only);
+    // Emit code for verified entry and save increment for stack repair on return
+    __ verified_entry(ra_->C, sp_inc);
+    if (Compile::current()->output()->in_scratch_emit_size()) {
+      Label dummy_verified_entry;
+      __ b(dummy_verified_entry);
+    } else {
+      __ b(*_verified_entry);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+//=============================================================================
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 void MachUEPNode::format(PhaseRegAlloc* ra_, outputStream* st) const
 {
@@ -2243,11 +2240,6 @@ void MachUEPNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler* masm, PhaseRegAlloc* ra_) const
   __ ic_check(InteriorEntryAlignment);
 }
 
-uint MachUEPNode::size(PhaseRegAlloc* ra_) const
-{
-  return MachNode::size(ra_);
-}
-
 // REQUIRED EMIT CODE
 
 //=============================================================================
@@ -3691,6 +3683,37 @@ encode %{
       // Check that stack depth is unchanged: find majik cookie on stack
       __ call_Unimplemented();
     }
+    if (tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields() && !_method->is_method_handle_intrinsic() && _method->return_type()->is_loaded()) {
+      // The last return value is not set by the callee but used to pass the null marker to compiled code.
+      // Search for the corresponding projection, get the register and emit code that initializes it.
+      uint con = (tf()->range_cc()->cnt() - 1);
+      for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = fast_outs(imax); i < imax; i++) {
+        ProjNode* proj = fast_out(i)->as_Proj();
+        if (proj->_con == con) {
+          // Set null marker if r0 is non-null (a non-null value is returned buffered or scalarized)
+          OptoReg::Name optoReg = ra_->get_reg_first(proj);
+          VMReg reg = OptoReg::as_VMReg(optoReg, ra_->_framesize, OptoReg::reg2stack(ra_->_matcher._new_SP));
+          Register toReg = reg->is_reg() ? reg->as_Register() : rscratch1;
+          __ cmp(r0, zr);
+          __ cset(toReg, Assembler::NE);
+          if (reg->is_stack()) {
+            int st_off = reg->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
+            __ str(toReg, Address(sp, st_off));
+          }
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+      if (return_value_is_used()) {
+        // An inline type is returned as fields in multiple registers.
+        // R0 either contains an oop if the inline type is buffered or a pointer
+        // to the corresponding InlineKlass with the lowest bit set to 1. Zero r0
+        // if the lowest bit is set to allow C2 to use the oop after null checking.
+        // r0 &= (r0 & 1) - 1
+        __ andr(rscratch1, r0, 0x1);
+        __ sub(rscratch1, rscratch1, 0x1);
+        __ andr(r0, r0, rscratch1);
+      }
+    }
   %}
 
   enc_class aarch64_enc_java_to_runtime(method meth) %{
@@ -3980,6 +4003,16 @@ operand immI_le_4()
   interface(CONST_INTER);
 %}
 
+operand immI_4()
+%{
+  predicate(n->get_int() == 4);
+  match(ConI);
+
+  op_cost(0);
+  format %{ %}
+  interface(CONST_INTER);
+%}
+
 operand immI_16()
 %{
   predicate(n->get_int() == 16);
@@ -8116,6 +8149,36 @@ instruct castX2P(iRegPNoSp dst, iRegL src) %{
   ins_pipe(ialu_reg);
 %}
 
+instruct castI2N(iRegNNoSp dst, iRegI src) %{
+  match(Set dst (CastI2N src));
+
+  ins_cost(INSN_COST);
+  format %{ "mov $dst, $src\t# int -> narrow ptr" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    if ($dst$$reg != $src$$reg) {
+      __ mov(as_Register($dst$$reg), as_Register($src$$reg));
+    }
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(ialu_reg);
+%}
+
+instruct castN2X(iRegLNoSp dst, iRegN src) %{
+  match(Set dst (CastP2X src));
+
+  ins_cost(INSN_COST);
+  format %{ "mov $dst, $src\t# ptr -> long" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    if ($dst$$reg != $src$$reg) {
+      __ mov(as_Register($dst$$reg), as_Register($src$$reg));
+    }
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(ialu_reg);
+%}
+
 instruct castP2X(iRegLNoSp dst, iRegP src) %{
   match(Set dst (CastP2X src));
 
@@ -14128,9 +14191,9 @@ instruct MoveL2D_reg_reg(vRegD dst, iRegL src) %{
 // ============================================================================
 // clearing of an array
 
-instruct clearArray_reg_reg(iRegL_R11 cnt, iRegP_R10 base, Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
+instruct clearArray_reg_reg_immL0(iRegL_R11 cnt, iRegP_R10 base, immL0 zero, Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
 %{
-  match(Set dummy (ClearArray cnt base));
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) zero));
   effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, KILL cr);
 
   ins_cost(4 * INSN_COST);
@@ -14147,11 +14210,28 @@ instruct clearArray_reg_reg(iRegL_R11 cnt, iRegP_R10 base, Universe dummy, rFlag
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_memory);
 %}
 
-instruct clearArray_imm_reg(immL cnt, iRegP_R10 base, iRegL_R11 temp, Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
+instruct clearArray_reg_reg(iRegL_R11 cnt, iRegP_R10 base, iRegL val, Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
 %{
-  predicate((uint64_t)n->in(2)->get_long()
-            < (uint64_t)(BlockZeroingLowLimit >> LogBytesPerWord));
-  match(Set dummy (ClearArray cnt base));
+  predicate(((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only());
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
+  effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, KILL cr);
+
+  ins_cost(4 * INSN_COST);
+  format %{ "ClearArray $cnt, $base, $val" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ fill_words($base$$Register, $cnt$$Register, $val$$Register);
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_memory);
+%}
+
+instruct clearArray_imm_reg(immL cnt, iRegP_R10 base, iRegL_R11 temp, immL0 zero, Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
+%{
+  predicate((uint64_t)n->in(2)->in(1)->get_long()
+            < (uint64_t)(BlockZeroingLowLimit >> LogBytesPerWord)
+            && !((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only());
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) zero));
   effect(TEMP temp, USE_KILL base, KILL cr);
 
   ins_cost(4 * INSN_COST);
@@ -15467,8 +15547,28 @@ instruct CallLeafDirectVector(method meth)
 
 // Call Runtime Instruction
 
+// entry point is null, target holds the address to call
+instruct CallLeafNoFPIndirect(iRegP target)
+%{
+  predicate(n->as_Call()->entry_point() == nullptr);
+
+  match(CallLeafNoFP target);
+
+  ins_cost(CALL_COST);
+
+  format %{ "CALL, runtime leaf nofp indirect $target" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ blr($target$$Register);
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_call);
+%}
+
 instruct CallLeafNoFPDirect(method meth)
 %{
+  predicate(n->as_Call()->entry_point() != nullptr);
+
   match(CallLeafNoFP);
 
   effect(USE meth);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_CodeStubs_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_CodeStubs_aarch64.cpp
index 9bf46678535..25b0625d60e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_CodeStubs_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_CodeStubs_aarch64.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2014, Red Hat Inc. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -119,6 +119,72 @@ void DivByZeroStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
 #endif
 }
 
+// Implementation of LoadFlattenedArrayStub
+
+LoadFlattenedArrayStub::LoadFlattenedArrayStub(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr index, LIR_Opr result, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  _array = array;
+  _index = index;
+  _result = result;
+  _scratch_reg = FrameMap::r0_oop_opr;
+  _info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
+}
+
+void LoadFlattenedArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
+  assert(__ rsp_offset() == 0, "frame size should be fixed");
+  __ bind(_entry);
+  ce->store_parameter(_array->as_register(), 1);
+  ce->store_parameter(_index->as_register(), 0);
+  __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_load_flat_array_id)));
+  ce->add_call_info_here(_info);
+  ce->verify_oop_map(_info);
+  if (_result->as_register() != r0) {
+    __ mov(_result->as_register(), r0);
+  }
+  __ b(_continuation);
+}
+
+
+// Implementation of StoreFlattenedArrayStub
+
+StoreFlattenedArrayStub::StoreFlattenedArrayStub(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr index, LIR_Opr value, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  _array = array;
+  _index = index;
+  _value = value;
+  _scratch_reg = FrameMap::r0_oop_opr;
+  _info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
+}
+
+
+void StoreFlattenedArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
+  assert(__ rsp_offset() == 0, "frame size should be fixed");
+  __ bind(_entry);
+  ce->store_parameter(_array->as_register(), 2);
+  ce->store_parameter(_index->as_register(), 1);
+  ce->store_parameter(_value->as_register(), 0);
+  __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_store_flat_array_id)));
+  ce->add_call_info_here(_info);
+  ce->verify_oop_map(_info);
+  __ b(_continuation);
+}
+
+// Implementation of SubstitutabilityCheckStub
+SubstitutabilityCheckStub::SubstitutabilityCheckStub(LIR_Opr left, LIR_Opr right, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  _left = left;
+  _right = right;
+  _scratch_reg = FrameMap::r0_oop_opr;
+  _info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
+}
+
+void SubstitutabilityCheckStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
+  assert(__ rsp_offset() == 0, "frame size should be fixed");
+  __ bind(_entry);
+  ce->store_parameter(_left->as_register(), 1);
+  ce->store_parameter(_right->as_register(), 0);
+  __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_substitutability_check_id)));
+  ce->add_call_info_here(_info);
+  ce->verify_oop_map(_info);
+  __ b(_continuation);
+}
 
 
 // Implementation of NewInstanceStub
@@ -176,11 +242,13 @@ void NewTypeArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
 
 // Implementation of NewObjectArrayStub
 
-NewObjectArrayStub::NewObjectArrayStub(LIR_Opr klass_reg, LIR_Opr length, LIR_Opr result, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+NewObjectArrayStub::NewObjectArrayStub(LIR_Opr klass_reg, LIR_Opr length, LIR_Opr result,
+                                       CodeEmitInfo* info, bool is_null_free) {
   _klass_reg = klass_reg;
   _result = result;
   _length = length;
   _info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
+  _is_null_free = is_null_free;
 }
 
 
@@ -189,7 +257,13 @@ void NewObjectArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
   __ bind(_entry);
   assert(_length->as_register() == r19, "length must in r19,");
   assert(_klass_reg->as_register() == r3, "klass_reg must in r3");
-  __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_new_object_array_id)));
+
+  if (_is_null_free) {
+    __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_new_null_free_array_id)));
+  } else {
+    __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_new_object_array_id)));
+  }
+
   ce->add_call_info_here(_info);
   ce->verify_oop_map(_info);
   assert(_result->as_register() == r0, "result must in r0");
@@ -199,6 +273,16 @@ void NewObjectArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
 void MonitorEnterStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
   assert(__ rsp_offset() == 0, "frame size should be fixed");
   __ bind(_entry);
+  if (_throw_ie_stub != nullptr) {
+    // When we come here, _obj_reg has already been checked to be non-null.
+    __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(_obj_reg->as_register(), oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    __ mov(rscratch2, markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+    __ andr(rscratch1, rscratch1, rscratch2);
+
+    __ cmp(rscratch1, rscratch2);
+    __ br(Assembler::EQ, *_throw_ie_stub->entry());
+  }
+
   ce->store_parameter(_obj_reg->as_register(),  1);
   ce->store_parameter(_lock_reg->as_register(), 0);
   StubId enter_id;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 5b77d15457f..93a7f2a9733 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -33,13 +33,16 @@
 #include "c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp"
 #include "c1/c1_ValueStack.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciInstance.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
 #include "code/compiledIC.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/gc_globals.hpp"
 #include "nativeInst_aarch64.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
@@ -413,7 +416,7 @@ int LIR_Assembler::emit_unwind_handler() {
 
   // remove the activation and dispatch to the unwind handler
   __ block_comment("remove_frame and dispatch to the unwind handler");
-  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes());
+  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes(), needs_stack_repair());
   __ far_jump(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_unwind_exception_id)));
 
   // Emit the slow path assembly
@@ -455,8 +458,50 @@ int LIR_Assembler::emit_deopt_handler() {
 void LIR_Assembler::return_op(LIR_Opr result, C1SafepointPollStub* code_stub) {
   assert(result->is_illegal() || !result->is_single_cpu() || result->as_register() == r0, "word returns are in r0,");
 
+  if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+    // Check if we are returning a non-null inline type and load its fields into registers
+    ciType* return_type = compilation()->method()->return_type();
+    if (return_type->is_inlinetype()) {
+      ciInlineKlass* vk = return_type->as_inline_klass();
+      if (vk->can_be_returned_as_fields()) {
+        address unpack_handler = vk->unpack_handler();
+        assert(unpack_handler != nullptr, "must be");
+        __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(unpack_handler));
+      }
+    } else if (return_type->is_instance_klass() && (!return_type->is_loaded() || StressCallingConvention)) {
+      Label skip;
+      Label not_null;
+      __ cbnz(r0, not_null);
+      // Returned value is null, zero all return registers because they may belong to oop fields
+      __ mov(j_rarg1, zr);
+      __ mov(j_rarg2, zr);
+      __ mov(j_rarg3, zr);
+      __ mov(j_rarg4, zr);
+      __ mov(j_rarg5, zr);
+      __ mov(j_rarg6, zr);
+      __ mov(j_rarg7, zr);
+      __ b(skip);
+      __ bind(not_null);
+
+      // Check if we are returning a non-null inline type and load its fields into registers
+      __ test_oop_is_not_inline_type(r0, rscratch2, skip, /* can_be_null= */ false);
+
+      // Load fields from a buffered value with an inline class specific handler
+      __ load_klass(rscratch1 /*dst*/, r0 /*src*/, rscratch2 /*tmp*/);
+      __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(rscratch1, InlineKlass::adr_members_offset()));
+      __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(rscratch1, InlineKlass::unpack_handler_offset()));
+      // Unpack handler can be null if inline type is not scalarizable in returns
+      __ cbz(rscratch1, skip);
+      __ blr(rscratch1);
+
+      __ bind(skip);
+    }
+    // At this point, r0 points to the value object (for interpreter or C1 caller).
+    // The fields of the object are copied into registers (for C2 caller).
+  }
+
   // Pop the stack before the safepoint code
-  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes());
+  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes(), needs_stack_repair());
 
   if (StackReservedPages > 0 && compilation()->has_reserved_stack_access()) {
     __ reserved_stack_check();
@@ -468,6 +513,10 @@ void LIR_Assembler::return_op(LIR_Opr result, C1SafepointPollStub* code_stub) {
   __ ret(lr);
 }
 
+int LIR_Assembler::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(ciInlineKlass* vk) {
+  return (__ store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(vk, false));
+}
+
 int LIR_Assembler::safepoint_poll(LIR_Opr tmp, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
   guarantee(info != nullptr, "Shouldn't be null");
   __ get_polling_page(rscratch1, relocInfo::poll_type);
@@ -527,10 +576,10 @@ void LIR_Assembler::const2reg(LIR_Opr src, LIR_Opr dest, LIR_PatchCode patch_cod
     }
 
     case T_OBJECT: {
-        if (patch_code == lir_patch_none) {
-          jobject2reg(c->as_jobject(), dest->as_register());
-        } else {
+        if (patch_code != lir_patch_none) {
           jobject2reg_with_patching(dest->as_register(), info);
+        } else {
+          jobject2reg(c->as_jobject(), dest->as_register());
         }
       break;
     }
@@ -1003,6 +1052,21 @@ void LIR_Assembler::load_unordered(LIR_Address *from_addr, LIR_Opr dest,
   }
 }
 
+void LIR_Assembler::move(LIR_Opr src, LIR_Opr dst) {
+  assert(dst->is_cpu_register(), "must be");
+  assert(dst->type() == src->type(), "must be");
+
+  if (src->is_cpu_register()) {
+    reg2reg(src, dst);
+  } else if (src->is_stack()) {
+    stack2reg(src, dst, dst->type());
+  } else if (src->is_constant()) {
+    const2reg(src, dst, lir_patch_none, nullptr);
+  } else {
+    ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+}
+
 void LIR_Assembler::load_volatile(LIR_Address *from_addr, LIR_Opr dest,
                                   BasicType type, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
   __ lea(rscratch1, as_Address(from_addr));
@@ -1230,7 +1294,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_alloc_array(LIR_OpAllocArray* op) {
   Register len =  op->len()->as_register();
   __ uxtw(len, len);
 
-  if (UseSlowPath ||
+  if (UseSlowPath || op->always_slow_path() ||
       (!UseFastNewObjectArray && is_reference_type(op->type())) ||
       (!UseFastNewTypeArray   && !is_reference_type(op->type()))) {
     __ b(*op->stub()->entry());
@@ -1307,27 +1371,29 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_typecheck_helper(LIR_OpTypeCheck *op, Label* success, L
 
   assert_different_registers(obj, k_RInfo, klass_RInfo);
 
-  if (should_profile) {
-    Register mdo  = klass_RInfo;
-    __ mov_metadata(mdo, md->constant_encoding());
-    Label not_null;
-    __ cbnz(obj, not_null);
-    // Object is null; update MDO and exit
-    Address data_addr
-      = __ form_address(rscratch2, mdo,
-                        md->byte_offset_of_slot(data, DataLayout::flags_offset()),
-                        0);
-    __ ldrb(rscratch1, data_addr);
-    __ orr(rscratch1, rscratch1, BitData::null_seen_byte_constant());
-    __ strb(rscratch1, data_addr);
-    __ b(*obj_is_null);
-    __ bind(not_null);
-
-    Register recv = k_RInfo;
-    __ load_klass(recv, obj, rscratch1);
-    type_profile_helper(mdo, md, data, recv);
-  } else {
-    __ cbz(obj, *obj_is_null);
+  if (op->need_null_check()) {
+    if (should_profile) {
+      Register mdo  = klass_RInfo;
+      __ mov_metadata(mdo, md->constant_encoding());
+      Label not_null;
+      __ cbnz(obj, not_null);
+      // Object is null; update MDO and exit
+      Address data_addr
+        = __ form_address(rscratch2, mdo,
+                          md->byte_offset_of_slot(data, DataLayout::flags_offset()),
+                          0);
+      __ ldrb(rscratch1, data_addr);
+      __ orr(rscratch1, rscratch1, BitData::null_seen_byte_constant());
+      __ strb(rscratch1, data_addr);
+      __ b(*obj_is_null);
+      __ bind(not_null);
+
+      Register recv = k_RInfo;
+      __ load_klass(recv, obj, rscratch1);
+      type_profile_helper(mdo, md, data, recv);
+    } else {
+      __ cbz(obj, *obj_is_null);
+    }
   }
 
   if (!k->is_loaded()) {
@@ -1338,6 +1404,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_typecheck_helper(LIR_OpTypeCheck *op, Label* success, L
   __ verify_oop(obj);
 
   if (op->fast_check()) {
+    assert(!k->is_loaded() || !k->is_obj_array_klass(), "Use refined array for a direct pointer comparison");
     // get object class
     // not a safepoint as obj null check happens earlier
     __ load_klass(rscratch2, obj, rscratch1);
@@ -1360,7 +1427,18 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_typecheck_helper(LIR_OpTypeCheck *op, Label* success, L
         // See if we get an immediate positive hit
         __ br(Assembler::EQ, *success_target);
         // check for self
-        __ cmp(klass_RInfo, k_RInfo);
+        if (k->is_loaded() && k->is_obj_array_klass()) {
+          // For a direct pointer comparison, we need the refined array klass pointer
+          ciKlass* k_refined = ciObjArrayKlass::make(k->as_obj_array_klass()->element_klass());
+          if (!k_refined->is_loaded()) {
+            bailout("encountered unloaded_ciobjarrayklass due to out of memory error");
+            return;
+          }
+          __ mov_metadata(rscratch1, k_refined->constant_encoding());
+          __ cmp(klass_RInfo, rscratch1);
+        } else {
+          __ cmp(klass_RInfo, k_RInfo);
+        }
         __ br(Assembler::EQ, *success_target);
 
         __ stp(klass_RInfo, k_RInfo, Address(__ pre(sp, -2 * wordSize)));
@@ -1481,6 +1559,90 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_opTypeCheck(LIR_OpTypeCheck* op) {
   }
 }
 
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_opFlattenedArrayCheck(LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck* op) {
+  // We are loading/storing from/to an array that *may* be a flat array (the
+  // declared type is Object[], abstract[], interface[] or VT.ref[]).
+  // If this array is a flat array, take the slow path.
+  __ test_flat_array_oop(op->array()->as_register(), op->tmp()->as_register(), *op->stub()->entry());
+}
+
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_opNullFreeArrayCheck(LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck* op) {
+  // We are storing into an array that *may* be null-free (the declared type is
+  // Object[], abstract[], interface[] or VT.ref[]).
+  Label test_mark_word;
+  Register tmp = op->tmp()->as_register();
+  __ ldr(tmp, Address(op->array()->as_register(), oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+  __ tst(tmp, markWord::unlocked_value);
+  __ br(Assembler::NE, test_mark_word);
+  __ load_prototype_header(tmp, op->array()->as_register());
+  __ bind(test_mark_word);
+  __ tst(tmp, markWord::null_free_array_bit_in_place);
+}
+
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_opSubstitutabilityCheck(LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck* op) {
+  Label L_oops_equal;
+  Label L_oops_not_equal;
+  Label L_end;
+
+  Register left  = op->left()->as_register();
+  Register right = op->right()->as_register();
+
+  __ cmp(left, right);
+  __ br(Assembler::EQ, L_oops_equal);
+
+  // (1) Null check -- if one of the operands is null, the other must not be null (because
+  //     the two references are not equal), so they are not substitutable,
+  __ cbz(left, L_oops_not_equal);
+  __ cbz(right, L_oops_not_equal);
+
+  ciKlass* left_klass = op->left_klass();
+  ciKlass* right_klass = op->right_klass();
+
+  // (2) Inline type check -- if either of the operands is not an inline type,
+  //     they are not substitutable. We do this only if we are not sure that the
+  //     operands are inline type
+  if ((left_klass == nullptr || right_klass == nullptr) ||// The klass is still unloaded, or came from a Phi node.
+      !left_klass->is_inlinetype() || !right_klass->is_inlinetype()) {
+    Register tmp1 = op->tmp1()->as_register();
+    Register tmp2 = op->tmp2()->as_register();
+    __ mov(tmp1, markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+    __ ldr(tmp2, Address(left, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    __ andr(tmp1, tmp1, tmp2);
+    __ ldr(tmp2, Address(right, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    __ andr(tmp1, tmp1, tmp2);
+    __ cmp(tmp1, (u1)markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+    __ br(Assembler::NE, L_oops_not_equal);
+  }
+
+  // (3) Same klass check: if the operands are of different klasses, they are not substitutable.
+  if (left_klass != nullptr && left_klass->is_inlinetype() && left_klass == right_klass) {
+    // No need to load klass -- the operands are statically known to be the same inline klass.
+    __ b(*op->stub()->entry());
+  } else {
+    Register tmp1 = op->tmp1()->as_register();
+    Register tmp2 = op->tmp2()->as_register();
+    __ cmp_klasses_from_objects(left, right, tmp1, tmp2);
+    __ br(Assembler::EQ, *op->stub()->entry()); // same klass -> do slow check
+    // fall through to L_oops_not_equal
+  }
+
+  __ bind(L_oops_not_equal);
+  move(op->not_equal_result(), op->result_opr());
+  __ b(L_end);
+
+  // We've returned from the stub. R0 contains 0x0 IFF the two
+  // operands are not substitutable. (Don't compare against 0x1 in case the
+  // C compiler is naughty)
+  __ bind(*op->stub()->continuation());
+  __ cbz(r0, L_oops_not_equal); // (call_stub() == 0x0) -> not_equal
+
+  __ bind(L_oops_equal);
+  move(op->equal_result(), op->result_opr()); // (call_stub() != 0x0) -> equal
+  // fall-through
+  __ bind(L_end);
+}
+
+
 void LIR_Assembler::casw(Register addr, Register newval, Register cmpval) {
   __ cmpxchg(addr, cmpval, newval, Assembler::word, memory_order_seq_cst, rscratch1);
   __ cset(rscratch1, Assembler::NE);
@@ -1992,7 +2154,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::call(LIR_OpJavaCall* op, relocInfo::relocType rtype) {
     bailout("trampoline stub overflow");
     return;
   }
-  add_call_info(code_offset(), op->info());
+  add_call_info(code_offset(), op->info(), op->maybe_return_as_fields());
   __ post_call_nop();
 }
 
@@ -2003,7 +2165,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::ic_call(LIR_OpJavaCall* op) {
     bailout("trampoline stub overflow");
     return;
   }
-  add_call_info(code_offset(), op->info());
+  add_call_info(code_offset(), op->info(), op->maybe_return_as_fields());
   __ post_call_nop();
 }
 
@@ -2166,6 +2328,17 @@ void LIR_Assembler::store_parameter(jobject o,  int offset_from_rsp_in_words) {
   __ str(rscratch1, Address(sp, offset_from_rsp_in_bytes));
 }
 
+void LIR_Assembler::arraycopy_inlinetype_check(Register obj, Register tmp, CodeStub* slow_path, bool is_dest, bool null_check) {
+  if (null_check) {
+    __ cbz(obj, *slow_path->entry());
+  }
+  if (is_dest) {
+    __ test_null_free_array_oop(obj, tmp, *slow_path->entry());
+    __ test_flat_array_oop(obj, tmp, *slow_path->entry());
+  } else {
+    __ test_flat_array_oop(obj, tmp, *slow_path->entry());
+  }
+}
 
 // This code replaces a call to arraycopy; no exception may
 // be thrown in this code, they must be thrown in the System.arraycopy
@@ -2184,6 +2357,12 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_arraycopy(LIR_OpArrayCopy* op) {
   BasicType basic_type = default_type != nullptr ? default_type->element_type()->basic_type() : T_ILLEGAL;
   if (is_reference_type(basic_type)) basic_type = T_OBJECT;
 
+  if (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::always_slow_path) {
+    __ b(*stub->entry());
+    __ bind(*stub->continuation());
+    return;
+  }
+
   // if we don't know anything, just go through the generic arraycopy
   if (default_type == nullptr // || basic_type == T_OBJECT
       ) {
@@ -2237,6 +2416,14 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_arraycopy(LIR_OpArrayCopy* op) {
     return;
   }
 
+  // Handle inline type arrays
+  if (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::src_inlinetype_check) {
+    arraycopy_inlinetype_check(src, tmp, stub, false, (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::src_null_check));
+  }
+  if (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::dst_inlinetype_check) {
+    arraycopy_inlinetype_check(dst, tmp, stub, true, (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::dst_null_check));
+  }
+
   assert(default_type != nullptr && default_type->is_array_klass() && default_type->is_loaded(), "must be true at this point");
 
   int elem_size = type2aelembytes(basic_type);
@@ -2751,6 +2938,26 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_profile_type(LIR_OpProfileType* op) {
   COMMENT("} emit_profile_type");
 }
 
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_profile_inline_type(LIR_OpProfileInlineType* op) {
+  Register obj = op->obj()->as_register();
+  Register tmp = op->tmp()->as_pointer_register();
+  bool not_null = op->not_null();
+  int flag = op->flag();
+
+  Label not_inline_type;
+  if (!not_null) {
+    __ cbz(obj, not_inline_type);
+  }
+
+  __ test_oop_is_not_inline_type(obj, tmp, not_inline_type);
+
+  Address mdo_addr = as_Address(op->mdp()->as_address_ptr(), rscratch2);
+  __ ldrb(rscratch1, mdo_addr);
+  __ orr(rscratch1, rscratch1, flag);
+  __ strb(rscratch1, mdo_addr);
+
+  __ bind(not_inline_type);
+}
 
 void LIR_Assembler::align_backward_branch_target() {
 }
@@ -2892,6 +3099,10 @@ void LIR_Assembler::get_thread(LIR_Opr result_reg) {
   __ mov(result_reg->as_register(), rthread);
 }
 
+void LIR_Assembler::check_orig_pc() {
+  __ ldr(rscratch2, frame_map()->address_for_orig_pc_addr());
+  __ cmp(rscratch2, (u1)NULL_WORD);
+}
 
 void LIR_Assembler::peephole(LIR_List *lir) {
 #if 0
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.hpp
index bebc9543b40..5b58a586f29 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.hpp
@@ -78,6 +78,9 @@ friend class ArrayCopyStub;
     _deopt_handler_size = 4 * NativeInstruction::instruction_size
   };
 
+  void arraycopy_inlinetype_check(Register obj, Register tmp, CodeStub* slow_path, bool is_dest, bool null_check);
+  void move(LIR_Opr src, LIR_Opr dst);
+
 public:
 
   void store_parameter(Register r, int offset_from_esp_in_words);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRGenerator_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRGenerator_aarch64.cpp
index 7e82f410a95..fb68826ee90 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRGenerator_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRGenerator_aarch64.cpp
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp"
 #include "c1/c1_ValueStack.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciArray.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciTypeArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compilerDefinitions.inline.hpp"
@@ -323,11 +324,17 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_MonitorEnter(MonitorEnter* x) {
   if (x->needs_null_check()) {
     info_for_exception = state_for(x);
   }
+
+  CodeStub* throw_ie_stub =
+      x->maybe_inlinetype() ?
+      new SimpleExceptionStub(StubId::c1_throw_identity_exception_id, obj.result(), state_for(x)) :
+      nullptr;
+
   // this CodeEmitInfo must not have the xhandlers because here the
   // object is already locked (xhandlers expect object to be unlocked)
   CodeEmitInfo* info = state_for(x, x->state(), true);
   monitor_enter(obj.result(), lock, syncTempOpr(), scratch,
-                        x->monitor_no(), info_for_exception, info);
+                x->monitor_no(), info_for_exception, info, throw_ie_stub);
 }
 
 
@@ -1127,14 +1134,15 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_NewInstance(NewInstance* x) {
     tty->print_cr("   ###class not loaded at new bci %d", x->printable_bci());
   }
 #endif
-  CodeEmitInfo* info = state_for(x, x->state());
+  CodeEmitInfo* info = state_for(x, x->needs_state_before() ? x->state_before() : x->state());
   LIR_Opr reg = result_register_for(x->type());
   new_instance(reg, x->klass(), x->is_unresolved(),
-                       FrameMap::r10_oop_opr,
-                       FrameMap::r11_oop_opr,
-                       FrameMap::r4_oop_opr,
-                       LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr,
-                       FrameMap::r3_metadata_opr, info);
+               !x->is_unresolved() && x->klass()->is_inlinetype(),
+               FrameMap::r10_oop_opr,
+               FrameMap::r11_oop_opr,
+               FrameMap::r4_oop_opr,
+               LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr,
+               FrameMap::r3_metadata_opr, info);
   LIR_Opr result = rlock_result(x);
   __ move(reg, result);
 }
@@ -1190,13 +1198,20 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_NewObjectArray(NewObjectArray* x) {
   length.load_item_force(FrameMap::r19_opr);
   LIR_Opr len = length.result();
 
-  CodeStub* slow_path = new NewObjectArrayStub(klass_reg, len, reg, info);
-  ciKlass* obj = (ciKlass*) ciObjArrayKlass::make(x->klass());
+  ciKlass* obj = ciObjArrayKlass::make(x->klass());
+
+  // TODO 8265122 Implement a fast path for this
+  bool is_flat = obj->is_loaded() && obj->is_flat_array_klass();
+  bool is_null_free = obj->is_loaded() && obj->as_array_klass()->is_elem_null_free();
+
+  CodeStub* slow_path = new NewObjectArrayStub(klass_reg, len, reg, info, is_null_free);
   if (obj == ciEnv::unloaded_ciobjarrayklass()) {
     BAILOUT("encountered unloaded_ciobjarrayklass due to out of memory error");
   }
+
   klass2reg_with_patching(klass_reg, obj, patching_info);
-  __ allocate_array(reg, len, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, tmp4, T_OBJECT, klass_reg, slow_path);
+  bool always_slow_path = is_null_free || is_flat;
+  __ allocate_array(reg, len, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, tmp4, T_OBJECT, klass_reg, slow_path, true /*zero_array*/, always_slow_path);
 
   LIR_Opr result = rlock_result(x);
   __ move(reg, result);
@@ -1291,7 +1306,7 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_CheckCast(CheckCast* x) {
   __ checkcast(reg, obj.result(), x->klass(),
                new_register(objectType), new_register(objectType), tmp3,
                x->direct_compare(), info_for_exception, patching_info, stub,
-               x->profiled_method(), x->profiled_bci());
+               x->profiled_method(), x->profiled_bci(), x->is_null_free());
 }
 
 void LIRGenerator::do_InstanceOf(InstanceOf* x) {
@@ -1372,7 +1387,12 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_If(If* x) {
     __ safepoint(LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr, state_for(x, x->state_before()));
   }
 
-  __ cmp(lir_cond(cond), left, right);
+  if (x->substitutability_check()) {
+    substitutability_check(x, *xin, *yin);
+  } else {
+    __ cmp(lir_cond(cond), left, right);
+  }
+
   // Generate branch profiling. Profiling code doesn't kill flags.
   profile_branch(x, cond);
   move_to_phi(x->state());
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIR_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIR_aarch64.cpp
index 5d2890251d7..ccafc6c2542 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIR_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIR_aarch64.cpp
@@ -49,5 +49,6 @@ void LIR_Address::verify() const {
   assert(index()->is_illegal() || index()->is_double_cpu() || index()->is_single_cpu(), "wrong index operand");
   assert(base()->type() == T_ADDRESS || base()->type() == T_OBJECT || base()->type() == T_LONG || base()->type() == T_METADATA,
          "wrong type for addresses");
+  assert(index()->is_illegal() || disp() == 0, "cannot set both index and displacement");
 }
 #endif // PRODUCT
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index f81c976d291..f8f67962e4a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -27,10 +27,13 @@
 #include "c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp"
+#include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
+#include "gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/tlab_globals.hpp"
 #include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
 #include "oops/arrayOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/markWord.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/basicLock.hpp"
 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
@@ -99,12 +102,21 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::try_allocate(Register obj, Register var_size_in_bytes, i
 void C1_MacroAssembler::initialize_header(Register obj, Register klass, Register len, Register t1, Register t2) {
   assert_different_registers(obj, klass, len);
 
-  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders || Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    // COH: Markword contains class pointer which is only known at runtime.
+    // Valhalla: Could have value class which has a different prototype header to a normal object.
+    // In both cases, we need to fetch dynamically.
     ldr(t1, Address(klass, Klass::prototype_header_offset()));
     str(t1, Address(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
   } else {
+    // Otherwise: Can use the statically computed prototype header which is the same for every object.
     mov(t1, checked_cast<int32_t>(markWord::prototype().value()));
     str(t1, Address(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+  }
+
+  if (!UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+    // COH: Markword already contains class pointer. Nothing else to do.
+    // Otherwise: Store encoded klass pointer following the markword
     encode_klass_not_null(t1, klass, t1); // Take care not to kill klass
     strw(t1, Address(obj, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()));
   }
@@ -237,20 +249,37 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::allocate_array(Register obj, Register len, Register t1,
   verify_oop(obj);
 }
 
-void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame(int framesize, int bang_size_in_bytes) {
-  assert(bang_size_in_bytes >= framesize, "stack bang size incorrect");
+void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame_helper(int frame_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, int sp_inc, bool reset_orig_pc, bool needs_stack_repair) {
+  MacroAssembler::build_frame(frame_size_in_bytes);
+
+  if (needs_stack_repair) {
+    save_stack_increment(sp_inc, frame_size_in_bytes);
+  }
+  if (reset_orig_pc) {
+    // Zero orig_pc to detect deoptimization during buffering in the entry points
+    str(zr, Address(sp, sp_offset_for_orig_pc));
+  }
+}
+
+void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes,
+                                    int sp_offset_for_orig_pc,
+                                    bool needs_stack_repair, bool has_scalarized_args,
+                                    Label* verified_inline_entry_label) {
   // Make sure there is enough stack space for this method's activation.
   // Note that we do this before creating a frame.
+  assert(bang_size_in_bytes >= frame_size_in_bytes, "stack bang size incorrect");
   generate_stack_overflow_check(bang_size_in_bytes);
-  MacroAssembler::build_frame(framesize);
+
+  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, 0, has_scalarized_args, needs_stack_repair);
 
   // Insert nmethod entry barrier into frame.
   BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
   bs->nmethod_entry_barrier(this, nullptr /* slow_path */, nullptr /* continuation */, nullptr /* guard */);
-}
 
-void C1_MacroAssembler::remove_frame(int framesize) {
-  MacroAssembler::remove_frame(framesize);
+  if (verified_inline_entry_label != nullptr) {
+    // Jump here from the scalarized entry points that already created the frame.
+    bind(*verified_inline_entry_label);
+  }
 }
 
 
@@ -260,8 +289,70 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::verified_entry(bool breakAtEntry) {
   // must ensure that this first instruction is a B, BL, NOP, BKPT,
   // SVC, HVC, or SMC.  Make it a NOP.
   nop();
+  if (C1Breakpoint) brk(1);
+}
+
+int C1_MacroAssembler::scalarized_entry(const CompiledEntrySignature* ces, int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, Label& verified_inline_entry_label, bool is_inline_ro_entry) {
+  assert(InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, "sanity");
+  // Make sure there is enough stack space for this method's activation.
+  assert(bang_size_in_bytes >= frame_size_in_bytes, "stack bang size incorrect");
+  generate_stack_overflow_check(bang_size_in_bytes);
+
+  GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig    = ces->sig();
+  GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_cc = is_inline_ro_entry ? ces->sig_cc_ro() : ces->sig_cc();
+  VMRegPair* regs      = ces->regs();
+  VMRegPair* regs_cc   = is_inline_ro_entry ? ces->regs_cc_ro() : ces->regs_cc();
+  int args_on_stack    = ces->args_on_stack();
+  int args_on_stack_cc = is_inline_ro_entry ? ces->args_on_stack_cc_ro() : ces->args_on_stack_cc();
+
+  assert(sig->length() <= sig_cc->length(), "Zero-sized inline class not allowed!");
+  BasicType* sig_bt = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(BasicType, sig_cc->length());
+  int args_passed = sig->length();
+  int args_passed_cc = SigEntry::fill_sig_bt(sig_cc, sig_bt);
+
+  // Create a temp frame so we can call into the runtime. It must be properly set up to accommodate GC.
+  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, 0, true, ces->c1_needs_stack_repair());
+
+  // The runtime call might safepoint, make sure nmethod entry barrier is executed
+  BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
+  // C1 code is not hot enough to micro optimize the nmethod entry barrier with an out-of-line stub
+  bs->nmethod_entry_barrier(this, nullptr /* slow_path */, nullptr /* continuation */, nullptr /* guard */);
+
+  mov(r19, (intptr_t) ces->method());
+  if (is_inline_ro_entry) {
+    far_call(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_no_receiver_id)));
+  } else {
+    far_call(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_id)));
+  }
+  int rt_call_offset = offset();
+
+  // The runtime call returns the new array in r20 instead of the usual r0
+  // because r0 is also j_rarg7 which may be holding a live argument here.
+  Register val_array = r20;
+
+  // Remove the temp frame
+  MacroAssembler::remove_frame(frame_size_in_bytes);
+
+  // Check if we need to extend the stack for packing
+  int sp_inc = 0;
+  if (args_on_stack > args_on_stack_cc) {
+    sp_inc = extend_stack_for_inline_args(args_on_stack);
+  }
+
+  shuffle_inline_args(true, is_inline_ro_entry, sig_cc,
+                      args_passed_cc, args_on_stack_cc, regs_cc, // from
+                      args_passed, args_on_stack, regs,          // to
+                      sp_inc, val_array);
+
+  // Create the real frame. Below jump will then skip over the stack banging and frame
+  // setup code in the verified_inline_entry (which has a different real_frame_size).
+  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, sp_inc, false, ces->c1_needs_stack_repair());
+
+  b(verified_inline_entry_label);
+  return rt_call_offset;
 }
 
+
 void C1_MacroAssembler::load_parameter(int offset_in_words, Register reg) {
   // rfp, + 0: link
   //     + 1: return address
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_Runtime1_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_Runtime1_aarch64.cpp
index 1745bb8aae9..3bf91da8662 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_Runtime1_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_Runtime1_aarch64.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2014, 2021, Red Hat Inc. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -741,6 +741,7 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
 
     case StubId::c1_new_type_array_id:
     case StubId::c1_new_object_array_id:
+    case StubId::c1_new_null_free_array_id:
       {
         Register length   = r19; // Incoming
         Register klass    = r3; // Incoming
@@ -748,8 +749,10 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
 
         if (id == StubId::c1_new_type_array_id) {
           __ set_info("new_type_array", dont_gc_arguments);
-        } else {
+        } else if (id == StubId::c1_new_object_array_id) {
           __ set_info("new_object_array", dont_gc_arguments);
+        } else {
+          __ set_info("new_null_free_array", dont_gc_arguments);
         }
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
@@ -759,13 +762,28 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
           Register t0 = obj;
           __ ldrw(t0, Address(klass, Klass::layout_helper_offset()));
           __ asrw(t0, t0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_shift);
-          int tag = ((id == StubId::c1_new_type_array_id)
-                     ? Klass::_lh_array_tag_type_value
-                     : Klass::_lh_array_tag_obj_value);
-          __ mov(rscratch1, tag);
-          __ cmpw(t0, rscratch1);
-          __ br(Assembler::EQ, ok);
-          __ stop("assert(is an array klass)");
+          switch (id) {
+          case StubId::c1_new_type_array_id:
+            __ cmpw(t0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_type_value);
+            __ br(Assembler::EQ, ok);
+            __ stop("assert(is a type array klass)");
+            break;
+          case StubId::c1_new_object_array_id:
+            __ cmpw(t0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_ref_value); // new "[Ljava/lang/Object;"
+            __ br(Assembler::EQ, ok);
+            __ cmpw(t0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_flat_value);  // new "[LVT;"
+            __ br(Assembler::EQ, ok);
+            __ stop("assert(is an object or inline type array klass)");
+            break;
+          case StubId::c1_new_null_free_array_id:
+            __ cmpw(t0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_flat_value);  // the array can be a flat array.
+            __ br(Assembler::EQ, ok);
+            __ cmpw(t0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_ref_value); // the array cannot be a flat array (due to the InlineArrayElementMaxFlatSize, etc.)
+            __ br(Assembler::EQ, ok);
+            __ stop("assert(is an object or inline type array klass)");
+            break;
+          default:  ShouldNotReachHere();
+          }
           __ should_not_reach_here();
           __ bind(ok);
         }
@@ -776,8 +794,11 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
         int call_offset;
         if (id == StubId::c1_new_type_array_id) {
           call_offset = __ call_RT(obj, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, new_type_array), klass, length);
-        } else {
+        } else if (id == StubId::c1_new_object_array_id) {
           call_offset = __ call_RT(obj, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, new_object_array), klass, length);
+        } else {
+          assert(id == StubId::c1_new_null_free_array_id, "must be");
+          call_offset = __ call_RT(obj, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, new_null_free_array), klass, length);
         }
 
         oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
@@ -812,6 +833,89 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
       }
       break;
 
+    case StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_id:
+    case StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_no_receiver_id:
+      {
+        const char* name = (id == StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_id) ?
+          "buffer_inline_args" : "buffer_inline_args_no_receiver";
+        StubFrame f(sasm, name, dont_gc_arguments);
+        OopMap* map = save_live_registers(sasm);
+        Register method = r19;   // Incoming
+        address entry = (id == StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_id) ?
+          CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, buffer_inline_args) :
+          CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, buffer_inline_args_no_receiver);
+        // This is called from a C1 method's scalarized entry point
+        // where r0-r7 may be holding live argument values so we can't
+        // return the result in r0 as the other stubs do. LR is used as
+        // a temporary below to avoid the result being clobbered by
+        // restore_live_registers. It's saved and restored by
+        // StubAssembler::prologue and epilogue anyway.
+        int call_offset = __ call_RT(lr, noreg, entry, method);
+        oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+        oop_maps->add_gc_map(call_offset, map);
+        restore_live_registers(sasm);
+        __ mov(r20, lr);
+        __ verify_oop(r20);  // r20: an array of buffered value objects
+     }
+     break;
+
+    case StubId::c1_load_flat_array_id:
+      {
+        StubFrame f(sasm, "load_flat_array", dont_gc_arguments);
+        OopMap* map = save_live_registers(sasm);
+
+        // Called with store_parameter and not C abi
+
+        f.load_argument(1, r0); // r0,: array
+        f.load_argument(0, r1); // r1,: index
+        int call_offset = __ call_RT(r0, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, load_flat_array), r0, r1);
+
+        oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+        oop_maps->add_gc_map(call_offset, map);
+        restore_live_registers_except_r0(sasm);
+
+        // r0: loaded element at array[index]
+        __ verify_oop(r0);
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case StubId::c1_store_flat_array_id:
+      {
+        StubFrame f(sasm, "store_flat_array", dont_gc_arguments);
+        OopMap* map = save_live_registers(sasm);
+
+        // Called with store_parameter and not C abi
+
+        f.load_argument(2, r0); // r0: array
+        f.load_argument(1, r1); // r1: index
+        f.load_argument(0, r2); // r2: value
+        int call_offset = __ call_RT(noreg, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, store_flat_array), r0, r1, r2);
+
+        oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+        oop_maps->add_gc_map(call_offset, map);
+        restore_live_registers_except_r0(sasm);
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case StubId::c1_substitutability_check_id:
+      {
+        StubFrame f(sasm, "substitutability_check", dont_gc_arguments);
+        OopMap* map = save_live_registers(sasm);
+
+        // Called with store_parameter and not C abi
+
+        f.load_argument(1, r1); // r1,: left
+        f.load_argument(0, r2); // r2,: right
+        int call_offset = __ call_RT(noreg, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, substitutability_check), r1, r2);
+
+        oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+        oop_maps->add_gc_map(call_offset, map);
+        restore_live_registers_except_r0(sasm);
+
+        // r0,: are the two operands substitutable
+      }
+      break;
+
     case StubId::c1_register_finalizer_id:
       {
         __ set_info("register_finalizer", dont_gc_arguments);
@@ -851,11 +955,23 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
       break;
 
     case StubId::c1_throw_incompatible_class_change_error_id:
-      { StubFrame f(sasm, "throw_incompatible_class_cast_exception", dont_gc_arguments, does_not_return);
+      { StubFrame f(sasm, "throw_incompatible_class_change_error", dont_gc_arguments, does_not_return);
         oop_maps = generate_exception_throw(sasm, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, throw_incompatible_class_change_error), false);
       }
       break;
 
+    case StubId::c1_throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception_id:
+      { StubFrame f(sasm, "throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception", dont_gc_arguments);
+        oop_maps = generate_exception_throw(sasm, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception), false);
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case StubId::c1_throw_identity_exception_id:
+      { StubFrame f(sasm, "throw_identity_exception", dont_gc_arguments);
+        oop_maps = generate_exception_throw(sasm, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, throw_identity_exception), true);
+      }
+      break;
+
     case StubId::c1_slow_subtype_check_id:
       {
         // Typical calling sequence:
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_CodeStubs_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_CodeStubs_aarch64.cpp
index 5d8d1fbd9cb..00edf6d1958 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_CodeStubs_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_CodeStubs_aarch64.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@ void C2EntryBarrierStub::emit(C2_MacroAssembler& masm) {
   __ b(continuation());
 
   __ bind(guard());
-  __ relocate(entry_guard_Relocation::spec());
   __ emit_int32(0);   // nmethod guard value
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 1f76fa0778a..4af590d5132 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -49,6 +49,27 @@
 
 typedef void (MacroAssembler::* chr_insn)(Register Rt, const Address &adr);
 
+void C2_MacroAssembler::entry_barrier() {
+  BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
+  // Dummy labels for just measuring the code size
+  Label dummy_slow_path;
+  Label dummy_continuation;
+  Label dummy_guard;
+  Label* slow_path = &dummy_slow_path;
+  Label* continuation = &dummy_continuation;
+  Label* guard = &dummy_guard;
+  if (!Compile::current()->output()->in_scratch_emit_size()) {
+    // Use real labels from actual stub when not emitting code for the purpose of measuring its size
+    C2EntryBarrierStub* stub = new (Compile::current()->comp_arena()) C2EntryBarrierStub();
+    Compile::current()->output()->add_stub(stub);
+    slow_path = &stub->entry();
+    continuation = &stub->continuation();
+    guard = &stub->guard();
+  }
+  // In the C2 code, we move the non-hot part of nmethod entry barriers out-of-line to a stub.
+  bs->nmethod_entry_barrier(this, slow_path, continuation, guard);
+}
+
 // jdk.internal.util.ArraysSupport.vectorizedHashCode
 address C2_MacroAssembler::arrays_hashcode(Register ary, Register cnt, Register result,
                                            FloatRegister vdata0, FloatRegister vdata1,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
index 778f5e46589..dc20813a2a1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
@@ -77,6 +77,8 @@
  public:
   using Assembler::sve_cpy;
 
+  void entry_barrier();
+
   // jdk.internal.util.ArraysSupport.vectorizedHashCode
   address arrays_hashcode(Register ary, Register cnt, Register result, FloatRegister vdata0,
                           FloatRegister vdata1, FloatRegister vdata2, FloatRegister vdata3,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/continuationFreezeThaw_aarch64.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/continuationFreezeThaw_aarch64.inline.hpp
index d71288c1078..739d0ee9521 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/continuationFreezeThaw_aarch64.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/continuationFreezeThaw_aarch64.inline.hpp
@@ -59,23 +59,20 @@ inline frame FreezeBase::sender(const frame& f) {
   if (FKind::interpreted) {
     return frame(f.sender_sp(), f.interpreter_frame_sender_sp(), f.link(), f.sender_pc());
   }
-  intptr_t** link_addr = link_address<FKind>(f);
 
-  intptr_t* sender_sp = (intptr_t*)(link_addr + frame::sender_sp_offset); //  f.unextended_sp() + (fsize/wordSize); //
-  address sender_pc = ContinuationHelper::return_address_at(sender_sp - 1);
-  assert(sender_sp != f.sp(), "must have changed");
+  frame::CompiledFramePointers cfp = f.compiled_frame_details();
 
   int slot = 0;
-  CodeBlob* sender_cb = CodeCache::find_blob_and_oopmap(sender_pc, slot);
+  CodeBlob* sender_cb = CodeCache::find_blob_and_oopmap(*cfp.sender_pc_addr, slot);
+
   return sender_cb != nullptr
-    ? frame(sender_sp, sender_sp, *link_addr, sender_pc, sender_cb,
-            slot == -1 ? nullptr : sender_cb->oop_map_for_slot(slot, sender_pc),
-            false /* on_heap ? */)
-    : frame(sender_sp, sender_sp, *link_addr, sender_pc);
+    ? frame(cfp.sender_sp, cfp.sender_sp, *cfp.saved_fp_addr, *cfp.sender_pc_addr, sender_cb,
+            slot == -1 ? nullptr : sender_cb->oop_map_for_slot(slot, *cfp.sender_pc_addr), false)
+    : frame(cfp.sender_sp, cfp.sender_sp, *cfp.saved_fp_addr, *cfp.sender_pc_addr);
 }
 
 template<typename FKind>
-frame FreezeBase::new_heap_frame(frame& f, frame& caller) {
+frame FreezeBase::new_heap_frame(frame& f, frame& caller, int size_adjust) {
   assert(FKind::is_instance(f), "");
   assert(!caller.is_interpreted_frame()
     || caller.unextended_sp() == (intptr_t*)caller.at(frame::interpreter_frame_last_sp_offset), "");
@@ -109,14 +106,14 @@ frame FreezeBase::new_heap_frame(frame& f, frame& caller) {
     fp = FKind::compiled ? *(intptr_t**)(f.sp() - frame::sender_sp_offset) : (intptr_t*)badAddressVal;
 
     int fsize = FKind::size(f);
-    sp = caller.unextended_sp() - fsize;
-    if (caller.is_interpreted_frame()) {
+    sp = caller.unextended_sp() - fsize - size_adjust;
+    if (caller.is_interpreted_frame() && size_adjust == 0) {
       // If the caller is interpreted, our stackargs are not supposed to overlap with it
       // so we make more room by moving sp down by argsize
       int argsize = FKind::stack_argsize(f);
       sp -= argsize;
+      caller.set_sp(sp + fsize);
     }
-    caller.set_sp(sp + fsize);
 
     assert(_cont.tail()->is_in_chunk(sp), "");
 
@@ -183,11 +180,12 @@ inline void FreezeBase::set_top_frame_metadata_pd(const frame& hf) {
                                        : (intptr_t)hf.fp();
 }
 
-inline void FreezeBase::patch_pd(frame& hf, const frame& caller) {
+inline void FreezeBase::patch_pd(frame& hf, const frame& caller, bool is_bottom_frame) {
   if (caller.is_interpreted_frame()) {
     assert(!caller.is_empty(), "");
     patch_callee_link_relative(caller, caller.fp());
-  } else {
+  } else if (is_bottom_frame && caller.pc() != nullptr) {
+    assert(caller.is_compiled_frame(), "");
     // If we're the bottom-most frame frozen in this freeze, the caller might have stayed frozen in the chunk,
     // and its oop-containing fp fixed. We've now just overwritten it, so we must patch it back to its value
     // as read from the chunk.
@@ -259,7 +257,7 @@ inline frame ThawBase::new_entry_frame() {
   return frame(sp, sp, _cont.entryFP(), _cont.entryPC()); // TODO PERF: This finds code blob and computes deopt state
 }
 
-template<typename FKind> frame ThawBase::new_stack_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, bool bottom) {
+template<typename FKind> frame ThawBase::new_stack_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, bool bottom, int size_adjust) {
   assert(FKind::is_instance(hf), "");
   // The values in the returned frame object will be written into the callee's stack in patch.
 
@@ -287,24 +285,23 @@ template<typename FKind> frame ThawBase::new_stack_frame(const frame& hf, frame&
     return f;
   } else {
     int fsize = FKind::size(hf);
-    intptr_t* frame_sp = caller.unextended_sp() - fsize;
+    intptr_t* frame_sp = caller.unextended_sp() - fsize - size_adjust;
     if (bottom || caller.is_interpreted_frame()) {
-      int argsize = FKind::stack_argsize(hf);
-
-      fsize += argsize;
-      frame_sp   -= argsize;
-      caller.set_sp(caller.sp() - argsize);
-      assert(caller.sp() == frame_sp + (fsize-argsize), "");
-
+      if (size_adjust == 0) {
+        int argsize = FKind::stack_argsize(hf);
+        frame_sp -= argsize;
+      }
       frame_sp = align(hf, frame_sp, caller, bottom);
+      caller.set_sp(frame_sp + fsize + size_adjust);
     }
+    assert(is_aligned(frame_sp, frame::frame_alignment), "");
 
     assert(hf.cb() != nullptr, "");
     assert(hf.oop_map() != nullptr, "");
     intptr_t* fp;
     if (PreserveFramePointer) {
       // we need to recreate a "real" frame pointer, pointing into the stack
-      fp = frame_sp + FKind::size(hf) - frame::sender_sp_offset;
+      fp = frame_sp + fsize - frame::sender_sp_offset;
     } else {
       fp = FKind::stub || FKind::native
         ? frame_sp + fsize - frame::sender_sp_offset // fp always points to the address below the pushed return pc. We need correct address.
@@ -319,7 +316,6 @@ inline intptr_t* ThawBase::align(const frame& hf, intptr_t* frame_sp, frame& cal
   if (((intptr_t)frame_sp & 0xf) != 0) {
     assert(caller.is_interpreted_frame() || (bottom && hf.compiled_frame_stack_argsize() % 2 != 0), "");
     frame_sp--;
-    caller.set_sp(caller.sp() - 1);
   }
   assert(is_aligned(frame_sp, frame::frame_alignment), "");
 #endif
@@ -328,7 +324,9 @@ inline intptr_t* ThawBase::align(const frame& hf, intptr_t* frame_sp, frame& cal
 }
 
 inline void ThawBase::patch_pd(frame& f, const frame& caller) {
-  patch_callee_link(caller, caller.fp());
+  if (caller.is_interpreted_frame() || PreserveFramePointer) {
+    patch_callee_link(caller, caller.fp());
+  }
 }
 
 inline void ThawBase::patch_pd(frame& f, intptr_t* caller_sp) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/continuationHelper_aarch64.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/continuationHelper_aarch64.inline.hpp
index ce218d71eb7..2e969465b15 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/continuationHelper_aarch64.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/continuationHelper_aarch64.inline.hpp
@@ -125,7 +125,8 @@ inline intptr_t** ContinuationHelper::Frame::callee_link_address(const frame& f)
 }
 
 inline address* ContinuationHelper::Frame::return_pc_address(const frame& f) {
-  return (address*)(f.real_fp() - 1);
+  frame::CompiledFramePointers cfp = f.compiled_frame_details();
+  return cfp.sender_pc_addr;
 }
 
 inline address* ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::return_pc_address(const frame& f) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/foreignGlobals_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/foreignGlobals_aarch64.cpp
index 1ed5e6f312f..b9fcb447d65 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/foreignGlobals_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/foreignGlobals_aarch64.cpp
@@ -50,15 +50,15 @@ const ABIDescriptor ForeignGlobals::parse_abi_descriptor(jobject jabi) {
   oop abi_oop = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(jabi);
   ABIDescriptor abi;
 
-  objArrayOop inputStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::inputStorage(abi_oop);
+  refArrayOop inputStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::inputStorage(abi_oop);
   parse_register_array(inputStorage, StorageType::INTEGER, abi._integer_argument_registers, as_Register);
   parse_register_array(inputStorage, StorageType::VECTOR, abi._vector_argument_registers, as_FloatRegister);
 
-  objArrayOop outputStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::outputStorage(abi_oop);
+  refArrayOop outputStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::outputStorage(abi_oop);
   parse_register_array(outputStorage, StorageType::INTEGER, abi._integer_return_registers, as_Register);
   parse_register_array(outputStorage, StorageType::VECTOR, abi._vector_return_registers, as_FloatRegister);
 
-  objArrayOop volatileStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::volatileStorage(abi_oop);
+  refArrayOop volatileStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::volatileStorage(abi_oop);
   parse_register_array(volatileStorage, StorageType::INTEGER, abi._integer_additional_volatile_registers, as_Register);
   parse_register_array(volatileStorage, StorageType::VECTOR, abi._vector_additional_volatile_registers, as_FloatRegister);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.cpp
index c3bbc540ed4..dc8c9536430 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.cpp
@@ -153,14 +153,17 @@ bool frame::safe_for_sender(JavaThread *thread) {
       if (!thread->is_in_full_stack_checked((address)sender_sp)) {
         return false;
       }
-      sender_unextended_sp = sender_sp;
       // Note: frame::sender_sp_offset is only valid for compiled frame
-      saved_fp = (intptr_t*) *(sender_sp - frame::sender_sp_offset);
+      intptr_t **saved_fp_addr = (intptr_t**) (sender_sp - frame::sender_sp_offset);
+      saved_fp = *saved_fp_addr;
       // Note: PAC authentication may fail in case broken frame is passed in.
       // Just strip it for now.
       sender_pc = pauth_strip_pointer((address) *(sender_sp - 1));
-    }
 
+      // Repair the sender sp if this is a method with scalarized inline type args
+      sender_sp = repair_sender_sp(sender_sp, saved_fp_addr);
+      sender_unextended_sp = sender_sp;
+    }
     if (Continuation::is_return_barrier_entry(sender_pc)) {
       // sender_pc might be invalid so check that the frame
       // actually belongs to a Continuation.
@@ -622,13 +625,24 @@ void frame::describe_pd(FrameValues& values, int frame_no) {
       ret_pc_loc = fp() + return_addr_offset;
       fp_loc = fp();
     } else {
-      ret_pc_loc = real_fp() - return_addr_offset;
-      fp_loc = real_fp() - sender_sp_offset;
+      if (cb()->is_nmethod() && cb()->as_nmethod()->needs_stack_repair()) {
+        values.describe(frame_no, real_fp() - sender_sp_offset - 1, err_msg("fsize for #%d", frame_no), 1);
+      }
+      frame::CompiledFramePointers cfp = compiled_frame_details();
+      ret_pc_loc = (intptr_t*)cfp.sender_pc_addr;
+      fp_loc = (intptr_t*)cfp.saved_fp_addr;
     }
     address ret_pc = *(address*)ret_pc_loc;
     values.describe(frame_no, ret_pc_loc,
       Continuation::is_return_barrier_entry(ret_pc) ? "return address (return barrier)" : "return address");
     values.describe(-1, fp_loc, "saved fp", 0); // "unowned" as value belongs to sender
+
+    intptr_t* ret_pc_loc2 = real_fp() - return_addr_offset;
+    if (ret_pc_loc2 != ret_pc_loc) {
+      intptr_t* fp_loc2 = real_fp() - sender_sp_offset;
+      values.describe(frame_no, ret_pc_loc2, "return address copy #2");
+      values.describe(-1, fp_loc2, "saved fp copy #2", 0);
+    }
   }
 }
 #endif
@@ -779,6 +793,78 @@ frame::frame(void* sp, void* fp, void* pc) {
 
 #endif
 
+// Check for a method with scalarized inline type arguments that needs
+// a stack repair and return the repaired sender stack pointer.
+intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(intptr_t* sender_sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) const {
+  nmethod* nm = _cb->as_nmethod_or_null();
+  if (nm != nullptr && nm->needs_stack_repair()) {
+    // The stack increment resides just below the saved FP on the stack and
+    // records the total frame size excluding the two words for saving FP and LR
+    // (see MacroAssembler::remove_frame).
+    intptr_t* sp_inc_addr = (intptr_t*) (saved_fp_addr - 1);
+    assert(*sp_inc_addr % StackAlignmentInBytes == 0, "sp_inc not aligned");
+    int real_frame_size = (*sp_inc_addr / wordSize) + metadata_words_at_bottom;
+    assert(real_frame_size >= _cb->frame_size() && real_frame_size <= 1000000, "invalid frame size");
+    sender_sp = unextended_sp() + real_frame_size;
+  }
+  return sender_sp;
+}
+
+// See comment in MacroAssembler::remove_frame
+frame::CompiledFramePointers frame::compiled_frame_details() const {
+  // we cannot rely upon the last fp having been saved to the thread
+  // in C2 code but it will have been pushed onto the stack. so we
+  // have to find it relative to the unextended sp
+
+  assert(_cb->frame_size() > 0, "must have non-zero frame size");
+
+  // if need stack repair: the bottom of the fake frame, under LR #2
+  // else the bottom of the frame
+  intptr_t* l_sender_sp = (!PreserveFramePointer || _sp_is_trusted)
+      ? unextended_sp() + _cb->frame_size()
+      : sender_sp();
+
+  assert(!_sp_is_trusted || l_sender_sp == real_fp(), "");
+
+  // the actual bottom of the frame. This actually changes something if the frame needs stack repair
+  l_sender_sp = repair_sender_sp(l_sender_sp, (intptr_t**)(l_sender_sp - frame::sender_sp_offset));
+
+  // From the sender's sp, we can locate the real saved lr (x30) and rfp (x29): they are
+  // immediately above, no matter if the stack was extended or not
+  CompiledFramePointers cfp;
+  cfp.sender_sp = l_sender_sp;
+  cfp.saved_fp_addr = (intptr_t**)(l_sender_sp - frame::sender_sp_offset);
+  cfp.sender_pc_addr = (address*)(l_sender_sp - frame::return_addr_offset);
+
+  return cfp;
+}
+
+intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(nmethod* nm, intptr_t* sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) {
+  assert(nm != nullptr && nm->needs_stack_repair(), "");
+  // The stack increment resides just below the saved FP on the stack and
+  // records the total frame size excluding the two words for saving FP and LR
+  // (see MacroAssembler::remove_frame).
+  intptr_t* real_frame_size_addr = (intptr_t*) (saved_fp_addr - 1);
+  int real_frame_size = (*real_frame_size_addr / wordSize) + metadata_words_at_bottom;
+  assert(real_frame_size >= nm->frame_size() && real_frame_size <= 1000000, "invalid frame size");
+  return sp + real_frame_size;
+}
+
+bool frame::was_augmented_on_entry(int& real_size) const {
+  assert(is_compiled_frame(), "");
+  if (_cb->as_nmethod_or_null()->needs_stack_repair()) {
+    // The stack increment resides just below the saved FP on the stack and
+    // records the total frame size excluding the two words for saving FP and LR
+    // (see MacroAssembler::remove_frame).
+    intptr_t* real_frame_size_addr = unextended_sp() + _cb->frame_size() - sender_sp_offset - 1;
+    log_trace(continuations)("real_frame_size is addr is " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(real_frame_size_addr));
+    real_size = (*real_frame_size_addr / wordSize) + metadata_words_at_bottom;
+    return real_size != _cb->frame_size();
+  }
+  real_size = _cb->frame_size();
+  return false;
+}
+
 void JavaFrameAnchor::make_walkable() {
   // last frame set?
   if (last_Java_sp() == nullptr) return;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.hpp
index 55a6dde38f5..b096583c1cf 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.hpp
@@ -150,6 +150,17 @@
   }
 
  public:
+  // Support for scalarized inline type calling convention
+  intptr_t* repair_sender_sp(intptr_t* sender_sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) const;
+  struct CompiledFramePointers {
+    intptr_t* sender_sp;       // The top of the stack of the sender
+    intptr_t** saved_fp_addr;  // Where rfp (x29) is saved on the stack (FP #1 in remove_frame's comment)
+    address* sender_pc_addr;   // Where lr (x30) is saved on the stack (LR #1)
+  };
+  CompiledFramePointers compiled_frame_details() const;
+  static intptr_t* repair_sender_sp(nmethod* nm, intptr_t* sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr);
+  bool was_augmented_on_entry(int& real_size) const;
+
   // Constructors
 
   frame(intptr_t* sp, intptr_t* fp, address pc);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.inline.hpp
index 748ab0e0e2b..36f6a88cb2f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.inline.hpp
@@ -32,6 +32,9 @@
 #include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "pauth_aarch64.hpp"
+#ifdef COMPILER1
+#include "c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp"
+#endif
 
 // Inline functions for AArch64 frames:
 
@@ -444,28 +447,31 @@ inline frame frame::sender_raw(RegisterMap* map) const {
 }
 
 inline frame frame::sender_for_compiled_frame(RegisterMap* map) const {
-  // we cannot rely upon the last fp having been saved to the thread
-  // in C2 code but it will have been pushed onto the stack. so we
-  // have to find it relative to the unextended sp
-
-  assert(_cb->frame_size() > 0, "must have non-zero frame size");
-  intptr_t* l_sender_sp = (!PreserveFramePointer || _sp_is_trusted) ? unextended_sp() + _cb->frame_size()
-                                                                    : sender_sp();
-  assert(!_sp_is_trusted || l_sender_sp == real_fp(), "");
+  CompiledFramePointers cfp = compiled_frame_details();
 
   // The return_address is always the word on the stack.
   // For ROP protection, C1/C2 will have signed the sender_pc,
   // but there is no requirement to authenticate it here.
-  address sender_pc = pauth_strip_verifiable((address) *(l_sender_sp - 1));
-
-  intptr_t** saved_fp_addr = (intptr_t**) (l_sender_sp - frame::sender_sp_offset);
+  address sender_pc = pauth_strip_verifiable(*cfp.sender_pc_addr);
 
   if (map->update_map()) {
     // Tell GC to use argument oopmaps for some runtime stubs that need it.
     // For C1, the runtime stub might not have oop maps, so set this flag
     // outside of update_register_map.
-    if (!_cb->is_nmethod()) { // compiled frames do not use callee-saved registers
-      map->set_include_argument_oops(_cb->caller_must_gc_arguments(map->thread()));
+    bool c1_buffering = false;
+#ifdef COMPILER1
+    nmethod* nm = _cb->as_nmethod_or_null();
+    if (nm != nullptr && nm->is_compiled_by_c1() && nm->method()->has_scalarized_args() &&
+        pc() < nm->verified_inline_entry_point()) {
+      // The VEP and VIEP(RO) of C1-compiled methods call buffer_inline_args_xxx
+      // before doing any argument shuffling, so we need to scan the oops
+      // as the caller passes them.
+      c1_buffering = true;
+    }
+#endif
+    if (!_cb->is_nmethod() || c1_buffering) { // compiled frames do not use callee-saved registers
+      bool caller_args = _cb->caller_must_gc_arguments(map->thread()) || c1_buffering;
+      map->set_include_argument_oops(caller_args);
       if (oop_map() != nullptr) {
         _oop_map->update_register_map(this, map);
       }
@@ -478,19 +484,19 @@ inline frame frame::sender_for_compiled_frame(RegisterMap* map) const {
     // Since the prolog does the save and restore of FP there is no oopmap
     // for it so we must fill in its location as if there was an oopmap entry
     // since if our caller was compiled code there could be live jvm state in it.
-    update_map_with_saved_link(map, saved_fp_addr);
+    update_map_with_saved_link(map, cfp.saved_fp_addr);
   }
 
   if (Continuation::is_return_barrier_entry(sender_pc)) {
     if (map->walk_cont()) { // about to walk into an h-stack
       return Continuation::top_frame(*this, map);
     } else {
-      return Continuation::continuation_bottom_sender(map->thread(), *this, l_sender_sp);
+      return Continuation::continuation_bottom_sender(map->thread(), *this, cfp.sender_sp);
     }
   }
 
-  intptr_t* unextended_sp = l_sender_sp;
-  return frame(l_sender_sp, unextended_sp, *saved_fp_addr, sender_pc);
+  intptr_t* unextended_sp = cfp.sender_sp;
+  return frame(cfp.sender_sp, unextended_sp, *cfp.saved_fp_addr, sender_pc);
 }
 
 template <typename RegisterMapT>
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 68291720208..f9429707428 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -132,6 +132,7 @@ void G1BarrierSetAssembler::gen_write_ref_array_post_barrier(MacroAssembler* mas
 
 static void generate_queue_test_and_insertion(MacroAssembler* masm, ByteSize index_offset, ByteSize buffer_offset, Label& runtime,
                                               const Register thread, const Register value, const Register temp1, const Register temp2) {
+  assert_different_registers(value, temp1, temp2);
   // Can we store a value in the given thread's buffer?
   // (The index field is typed as size_t.)
   __ ldr(temp1, Address(thread, in_bytes(index_offset)));   // temp1 := *(index address)
@@ -205,6 +206,7 @@ void G1BarrierSetAssembler::g1_write_barrier_pre(MacroAssembler* masm,
 
   __ bind(runtime);
 
+  assert_different_registers(rscratch1, pre_val); // push_call_clobbered_registers trashes rscratch1
   __ push_call_clobbered_registers();
 
   // Calling the runtime using the regular call_VM_leaf mechanism generates
@@ -383,6 +385,16 @@ void G1BarrierSetAssembler::load_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorator
 
 void G1BarrierSetAssembler::oop_store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators, BasicType type,
                                          Address dst, Register val, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3) {
+
+  bool in_heap = (decorators & IN_HEAP) != 0;
+  bool as_normal = (decorators & AS_NORMAL) != 0;
+  bool dest_uninitialized = (decorators & IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED) != 0;
+
+  bool needs_pre_barrier = as_normal && !dest_uninitialized;
+  bool needs_post_barrier = (val != noreg && in_heap);
+
+  assert_different_registers(val, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3);
+
   // flatten object address if needed
   if (dst.index() == noreg && dst.offset() == 0) {
     if (dst.base() != tmp3) {
@@ -392,31 +404,38 @@ void G1BarrierSetAssembler::oop_store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet deco
     __ lea(tmp3, dst);
   }
 
-  g1_write_barrier_pre(masm,
-                       tmp3 /* obj */,
-                       tmp2 /* pre_val */,
-                       rthread /* thread */,
-                       tmp1  /* tmp1 */,
-                       rscratch2  /* tmp2 */,
-                       val != noreg /* tosca_live */,
-                       false /* expand_call */);
+  if (needs_pre_barrier) {
+    g1_write_barrier_pre(masm,
+                         tmp3 /* obj */,
+                         tmp2 /* pre_val */,
+                         rthread /* thread */,
+                         tmp1  /* tmp1 */,
+                         rscratch2  /* tmp2 */,
+                         val != noreg /* tosca_live */,
+                         false /* expand_call */);
+  }
 
   if (val == noreg) {
     BarrierSetAssembler::store_at(masm, decorators, type, Address(tmp3, 0), noreg, noreg, noreg, noreg);
   } else {
     // G1 barrier needs uncompressed oop for region cross check.
     Register new_val = val;
-    if (UseCompressedOops) {
-      new_val = rscratch2;
-      __ mov(new_val, val);
+    if (needs_post_barrier) {
+      if (UseCompressedOops) {
+        new_val = rscratch2;
+        __ mov(new_val, val);
+      }
     }
+
     BarrierSetAssembler::store_at(masm, decorators, type, Address(tmp3, 0), val, noreg, noreg, noreg);
-    g1_write_barrier_post(masm,
-                          tmp3 /* store_adr */,
-                          new_val /* new_val */,
-                          rthread /* thread */,
-                          tmp1 /* tmp1 */,
-                          tmp2 /* tmp2 */);
+    if (needs_post_barrier) {
+      g1_write_barrier_post(masm,
+                            tmp3 /* store_adr */,
+                            new_val /* new_val */,
+                            rthread /* thread */,
+                            tmp1 /* tmp1 */,
+                            tmp2 /* tmp2 */);
+    }
   }
 
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/g1/g1_aarch64.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/g1/g1_aarch64.ad
index 375a0a89760..c4af02102b8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/g1/g1_aarch64.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/g1/g1_aarch64.ad
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 //
-// Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 // DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 //
 // This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -73,6 +73,121 @@ static void write_barrier_post(MacroAssembler* masm,
 
 %}
 
+// TODO 8350865 (same applies to g1StoreLSpecialTwoOops)
+// - Do not set/overwrite barrier data here, also handle G1C2BarrierPostNotNull
+// - Move this into the .m4?
+instruct g1StoreLSpecialOneOopOff0(indirect mem, iRegLNoSp src, immI0 off, iRegPNoSp tmp1, iRegPNoSp tmp2, iRegPNoSp tmp3, rFlagsReg cr)
+%{
+  predicate(UseG1GC);
+  match(Set mem (StoreLSpecial mem (Binary src off)));
+  effect(TEMP tmp1, TEMP tmp2, TEMP tmp3, KILL cr);
+  ins_cost(INSN_COST);
+  format %{ "str  $src, $mem\t# g1StoreLSpecialOneOopOff0" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    ((MachNode*)this)->set_barrier_data(G1C2BarrierPre | G1C2BarrierPost);
+    write_barrier_pre(masm, this,
+                      $mem$$Register /* obj */,
+                      $tmp1$$Register /* pre_val */,
+                      $tmp2$$Register /* tmp1 */,
+                      $tmp3$$Register /* tmp2 */,
+                      RegSet::of($mem$$Register, $src$$Register) /* preserve */);
+
+    __ str($src$$Register, $mem$$Register);
+
+    // Extract the narrow oop field value
+    __ ubfm($tmp1$$Register, $src$$Register, 0, 31);
+    __ decode_heap_oop($tmp1$$Register, $tmp1$$Register);
+    write_barrier_post(masm, this,
+                       $mem$$Register /* store_addr */,
+                       $tmp1$$Register /* new_val */,
+                       $tmp2$$Register /* tmp1 */,
+                       $tmp3$$Register /* tmp2 */);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(istore_reg_mem);
+%}
+
+instruct g1StoreLSpecialOneOopOff4(indirect mem, iRegLNoSp src, immI_4 off, iRegPNoSp tmp1, iRegPNoSp tmp2, iRegPNoSp tmp3, iRegPNoSp tmp4, rFlagsReg cr)
+%{
+  predicate(UseG1GC);
+  match(Set mem (StoreLSpecial mem (Binary src off)));
+  effect(TEMP tmp1, TEMP tmp2, TEMP tmp3, TEMP tmp4, KILL cr);
+  ins_cost(INSN_COST);
+  format %{ "str  $src, $mem\t# g1StoreLSpecialOneOopOff4" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    ((MachNode*)this)->set_barrier_data(G1C2BarrierPre | G1C2BarrierPost);
+
+    // Adjust address to point to narrow oop
+    __ add($tmp4$$Register, $mem$$Register, 4);
+    write_barrier_pre(masm, this,
+                      $tmp4$$Register /* obj */,
+                      $tmp1$$Register /* pre_val */,
+                      $tmp2$$Register /* tmp1 */,
+                      $tmp3$$Register /* tmp2 */,
+                      RegSet::of($mem$$Register, $src$$Register, $tmp4$$Register) /* preserve */);
+
+    __ str($src$$Register, $mem$$Register);
+
+    // Shift long value to extract the narrow oop field value
+    __ lsr($tmp1$$Register, $src$$Register, 32);
+    __ decode_heap_oop($tmp1$$Register, $tmp1$$Register);
+    write_barrier_post(masm, this,
+                       $tmp4$$Register /* store_addr */,
+                       $tmp1$$Register /* new_val */,
+                       $tmp2$$Register /* tmp1 */,
+                       $tmp3$$Register /* tmp2 */);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(istore_reg_mem);
+%}
+
+instruct g1StoreLSpecialTwoOops(indirect mem, iRegLNoSp src, iRegPNoSp tmp1, iRegPNoSp tmp2, iRegPNoSp tmp3, iRegPNoSp tmp4, rFlagsReg cr)
+%{
+  predicate(UseG1GC);
+  match(Set mem (StoreLSpecial mem src));
+  effect(TEMP tmp1, TEMP tmp2, TEMP tmp3, TEMP tmp4, KILL cr);
+  ins_cost(INSN_COST);
+  format %{ "str  $src, $mem\t# g1StoreLSpecialTwoOops" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    ((MachNode*)this)->set_barrier_data(G1C2BarrierPre | G1C2BarrierPost);
+
+    write_barrier_pre(masm, this,
+                      $mem$$Register /* obj */,
+                      $tmp1$$Register /* pre_val */,
+                      $tmp2$$Register /* tmp1 */,
+                      $tmp3$$Register /* tmp2 */,
+                      RegSet::of($mem$$Register, $src$$Register) /* preserve */);
+    // Adjust address to point to the second narrow oop in the long value
+    __ add($tmp4$$Register, $mem$$Register, 4);
+    write_barrier_pre(masm, this,
+                      $tmp4$$Register /* obj */,
+                      $tmp1$$Register /* pre_val */,
+                      $tmp2$$Register /* tmp1 */,
+                      $tmp3$$Register /* tmp2 */,
+                      RegSet::of($mem$$Register, $src$$Register, $tmp4$$Register) /* preserve */);
+
+    __ str($src$$Register, $mem$$Register);
+
+    // Zero-extend first narrow oop to long
+    __ ubfm($tmp1$$Register, $src$$Register, 0, 31);
+    __ decode_heap_oop($tmp1$$Register, $tmp1$$Register);
+    write_barrier_post(masm, this,
+                       $mem$$Register /* store_addr */,
+                       $tmp1$$Register /* new_val */,
+                       $tmp2$$Register /* tmp1 */,
+                       $tmp3$$Register /* tmp2 */);
+
+    // Shift long value to extract the second narrow oop field value
+    __ lsr($tmp1$$Register, $src$$Register, 32);
+    __ decode_heap_oop($tmp1$$Register, $tmp1$$Register);
+    write_barrier_post(masm, this,
+                       $tmp4$$Register /* store_addr */,
+                       $tmp1$$Register /* new_val */,
+                       $tmp2$$Register /* tmp1 */,
+                       $tmp3$$Register /* tmp2 */);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(istore_reg_mem);
+%}
+
+
 // BEGIN This section of the file is automatically generated. Do not edit --------------
 
 // This section is generated from g1_aarch64.m4
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 93781bb14bf..1b69ba8945c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod.hpp"
+#include "gc/shared/barrierSetRuntime.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp"
 #include "interpreter/interp_masm.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
@@ -86,22 +87,35 @@ void BarrierSetAssembler::store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators
                                    Address dst, Register val, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3) {
   bool in_heap = (decorators & IN_HEAP) != 0;
   bool in_native = (decorators & IN_NATIVE) != 0;
+  bool is_not_null = (decorators & IS_NOT_NULL) != 0;
+
   switch (type) {
   case T_OBJECT:
   case T_ARRAY: {
-    val = val == noreg ? zr : val;
     if (in_heap) {
-      if (UseCompressedOops) {
-        assert(!dst.uses(val), "not enough registers");
-        if (val != zr) {
-          __ encode_heap_oop(val);
+      if (val == noreg) {
+        assert(!is_not_null, "inconsistent access");
+        if (UseCompressedOops) {
+          __ strw(zr, dst);
+        } else {
+          __ str(zr, dst);
         }
-        __ strw(val, dst);
       } else {
-        __ str(val, dst);
+        if (UseCompressedOops) {
+          assert(!dst.uses(val), "not enough registers");
+          if (is_not_null) {
+            __ encode_heap_oop_not_null(val);
+          } else {
+            __ encode_heap_oop(val);
+          }
+          __ strw(val, dst);
+        } else {
+          __ str(val, dst);
+        }
       }
     } else {
       assert(in_native, "why else?");
+      assert(val != noreg, "not supported");
       __ str(val, dst);
     }
     break;
@@ -122,6 +136,19 @@ void BarrierSetAssembler::store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators
   }
 }
 
+void BarrierSetAssembler::flat_field_copy(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators,
+                                          Register src, Register dst, Register inline_layout_info) {
+  // flat_field_copy implementation is fairly complex, and there are not any
+  // "short-cuts" to be made from asm. What there is, appears to have the same
+  // cost in C++, so just "call_VM_leaf" for now rather than maintain hundreds
+  // of hand-rolled instructions...
+  if (decorators & IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED) {
+    __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, BarrierSetRuntime::value_copy_is_dest_uninitialized), src, dst, inline_layout_info);
+  } else {
+    __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, BarrierSetRuntime::value_copy), src, dst, inline_layout_info);
+  }
+}
+
 void BarrierSetAssembler::copy_load_at(MacroAssembler* masm,
                                        DecoratorSet decorators,
                                        BasicType type,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_aarch64.hpp
index c8ed7941983..d2fcc6568ec 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_aarch64.hpp
@@ -99,6 +99,9 @@ class BarrierSetAssembler: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   virtual void store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators, BasicType type,
                         Address dst, Register val, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3);
 
+  virtual void flat_field_copy(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators,
+                               Register src, Register dst, Register inline_layout_info);
+
   virtual void try_resolve_jobject_in_native(MacroAssembler* masm, Register jni_env,
                                              Register obj, Register tmp, Label& slowpath);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod_aarch64.cpp
index 89f33cf4529..1ebef02241f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod_aarch64.cpp
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "asm/macroAssembler.hpp"
 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
 #include "code/nativeInst.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
@@ -60,83 +61,160 @@ static int entry_barrier_offset(nmethod* nm) {
   return 0;
 }
 
+static int* decode_guard_from_instruction(nmethod* nm, address& instruction) {
+  int* result = reinterpret_cast<int*>(MacroAssembler::target_addr_for_insn(instruction));
+  assert(nm->insts_contains(reinterpret_cast<address>(result)) ||
+         nm->stub_contains(reinterpret_cast<address>(result)),
+         "guard must be in nmethod code");
+  return result;
+}
+
+// The NativeNMethodBarrier class encapsulates up to three entrypoints and handles their
+// arming/verification.
+// An entrypoint is defined as a tuple of <instr. address, guard address>:
+// * The instr. address corresponds to the ldr of the guard value of that entrypoint.
+// * The guard address is the address where the guard value of that entrypoint resides.
+//
+// Each nmethod has at least one entrypoint. The default must always be well-defined
+// (neither instruction nor guard are nullptr).
+//
+// When using the scalarized calling convention, up to two additional (verified) entrypoints,
+// alt1 and alt2 can be present. The meaning of these depends on who compiled the nmethod.
+//
+// The mapping of C1-compiled methods (scalarization used) looks as follows:
+// * alt1: verified entry point
+// * alt2 (optional): verified inline ro entry point
+//
+// The mapping of C2-compiled methods (scalarization used) looks as follows:
+// * alt1: verified inline entry point
+// * alt2 (optional): verified inline ro entry point
+//
+// In other scenarios, neither alt1 nor alt2 are defined.
 class NativeNMethodBarrier {
-  address  _instruction_address;
-  int*     _guard_addr;
-  nmethod* _nm;
+ private:
+  // The addresses of the instructions that act as the guards.
+  address _default_entry_instruction;
+  address _verified_alt1_instruction;
+  address _verified_alt2_instruction;
+  // Pointers representing the actual guard values themselves.
+  int* _default_entry_guard;
+  int* _verified_alt1_guard;
+  int* _verified_alt2_guard;
+
+ public:
+  NativeNMethodBarrier(nmethod* nm) :
+    _default_entry_instruction(nullptr),
+    _verified_alt1_instruction(nullptr),
+    _verified_alt2_instruction(nullptr),
+    _default_entry_guard(nullptr),
+    _verified_alt1_guard(nullptr),
+    _verified_alt2_guard(nullptr)
+  {
+    // The default entry point has a known address. The guard address can be
+    // decoded from the literal in the instruction. Verification will confirm
+    // that this instruction corresponds to a load.
+    _default_entry_instruction = nm->code_begin() + nm->frame_complete_offset() + entry_barrier_offset(nm);
+    _default_entry_guard = decode_guard_from_instruction(nm, _default_entry_instruction);
 
-  address instruction_address() const { return _instruction_address; }
+    // If the nmethod has scalarized arguments, then there are more entry
+    // points, each with their own nmethod entry barrier.
+    if (!nm->is_osr_method() && nm->method()->has_scalarized_args()) {
+      assert(nm->verified_entry_point() != nm->verified_inline_entry_point(), "scalarized entry point not found");
+      address method_body = nm->is_compiled_by_c1() ? nm->verified_inline_entry_point() : nm->verified_entry_point();
+      int barrier_offset = _default_entry_instruction - method_body;
 
-  int *guard_addr() {
-    return _guard_addr;
+      // Set the first alternative entry point.
+      address entry_point2 = nm->is_compiled_by_c1() ? nm->verified_entry_point() : nm->verified_inline_entry_point();
+      _verified_alt1_instruction = entry_point2 + barrier_offset;
+      assert(_default_entry_instruction != _verified_alt1_instruction, "sanity");
+      _verified_alt1_guard = decode_guard_from_instruction(nm, _verified_alt1_instruction);
+
+      // If there is a second alternative entry point, set it too.
+      if (method_body != nm->verified_inline_ro_entry_point() && entry_point2 != nm->verified_inline_ro_entry_point()) {
+        _verified_alt2_instruction = nm->verified_inline_ro_entry_point() + barrier_offset;
+        _verified_alt2_guard = decode_guard_from_instruction(nm, _verified_alt2_instruction);
+        assert(_default_entry_instruction != _verified_alt2_instruction &&
+               _verified_alt1_instruction != _verified_alt2_instruction,
+               "sanity");
+      }
+    }
+    // Perform the checking as verification.
+    err_msg msg("%s", "");
+    assert(check_barriers(msg), "%s", msg.buffer());
   }
 
-  int local_guard_offset(nmethod* nm) {
-    // It's the last instruction
-    return (-entry_barrier_offset(nm)) - 4;
+  // Gets the value of the default entry guard.
+  // This does not consider the alternative entrypoints, as these should
+  // all be consistent. It is up to the caller to enforce this.
+  int get_default_guard_value() {
+    return AtomicAccess::load_acquire(_default_entry_guard);
   }
 
-public:
-  NativeNMethodBarrier(nmethod* nm): _nm(nm) {
-      _instruction_address = nm->code_begin() + nm->frame_complete_offset() + entry_barrier_offset(nm);
-      if (nm->is_compiled_by_c2()) {
-        // With c2 compiled code, the guard is out-of-line in a stub
-        // We find it using the RelocIterator.
-        RelocIterator iter(nm);
-        while (iter.next()) {
-          if (iter.type() == relocInfo::entry_guard_type) {
-            entry_guard_Relocation* const reloc = iter.entry_guard_reloc();
-            _guard_addr = reinterpret_cast<int*>(reloc->addr());
-            return;
-          }
-        }
-        ShouldNotReachHere();
-      }
-      _guard_addr =  reinterpret_cast<int*>(instruction_address() + local_guard_offset(nm));
+  // Sets the value for all barriers.
+  void set_values(int value, int bit_mask) {
+    set_value_impl(_default_entry_guard, value, bit_mask);
+    if (_verified_alt1_guard != nullptr) {
+      set_value_impl(_verified_alt1_guard, value, bit_mask);
+    }
+    if (_verified_alt2_guard != nullptr) {
+      set_value_impl(_verified_alt2_guard, value, bit_mask);
+    }
   }
 
-  int get_value() {
-    return AtomicAccess::load_acquire(guard_addr());
+  // Verifies that all potential barriers are correct.
+  bool check_barriers(err_msg& msg) {
+    // The default entry barrier should always be checked.
+    if (!check_barrier_impl(_default_entry_instruction, msg)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    // Check the alternative entry barriers only if they are specified.
+    // Note that the guard values are already validated at construction time,
+    // if they fall out of the nmethod range, this will be caught earlier.
+    if (_verified_alt1_instruction != nullptr &&
+        !check_barrier_impl(_verified_alt1_instruction, msg)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    if (_verified_alt2_instruction != nullptr &&
+        !check_barrier_impl(_verified_alt2_instruction, msg)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    return true;
   }
 
-  void set_value(int value, int bit_mask) {
+private:
+  // Sets the value for a single barrier.
+  void set_value_impl(int* guard, int value, int bit_mask) {
     if (bit_mask == ~0) {
-      AtomicAccess::release_store(guard_addr(), value);
+      AtomicAccess::release_store(guard, value);
       return;
     }
     assert((value & ~bit_mask) == 0, "trying to set bits outside the mask");
     value &= bit_mask;
-    int old_value = AtomicAccess::load(guard_addr());
+    int old_value = AtomicAccess::load(guard);
     while (true) {
       // Only bits in the mask are changed
       int new_value = value | (old_value & ~bit_mask);
       if (new_value == old_value) break;
-      int v = AtomicAccess::cmpxchg(guard_addr(), old_value, new_value, memory_order_release);
+      int v = AtomicAccess::cmpxchg(guard, old_value, new_value, memory_order_release);
       if (v == old_value) break;
       old_value = v;
     }
   }
 
-  bool check_barrier(err_msg& msg) const;
-  void verify() const {
-    err_msg msg("%s", "");
-    assert(check_barrier(msg), "%s", msg.buffer());
+  // Checks the validity of a single barrier.
+  // The first instruction of the nmethod entry barrier is an ldrw (literal)
+  // instruction. Verify that it's really there, so the offsets are not skewed.
+  bool check_barrier_impl(address& instruction, err_msg& msg) {
+    NativeInstruction* ni = nativeInstruction_at(instruction);
+    if (!ni->is_ldrw_gpr_literal()) {
+      msg.print("Nmethod entry barrier did not start with ldrw (literal) as expected. "
+              "Addr: " PTR_FORMAT " Code: " UINT32_FORMAT, p2i(instruction), ni->encoding());
+      return false;
+    }
+    return true;
   }
 };
 
-// The first instruction of the nmethod entry barrier is an ldrw (literal)
-// instruction. Verify that it's really there, so the offsets are not skewed.
-bool NativeNMethodBarrier::check_barrier(err_msg& msg) const {
-  NativeInstruction* ni = nativeInstruction_at(instruction_address());
-  if (!ni->is_ldrw_gpr_literal()) {
-    msg.print("Nmethod entry barrier did not start with ldrw (literal) as expected. "
-              "Addr: " PTR_FORMAT " Code: " UINT32_FORMAT, p2i(instruction_address()), ni->encoding());
-    return false;
-  }
-  return true;
-}
-
-
 /* We're called from an nmethod when we need to deoptimize it. We do
    this by throwing away the nmethod's frame and jumping to the
    ic_miss stub. This looks like there has been an IC miss at the
@@ -197,7 +275,7 @@ void BarrierSetNMethod::set_guard_value(nmethod* nm, int value, int bit_mask) {
   MACOS_AARCH64_ONLY(ThreadWXEnable wx(WXWrite, Thread::current()));
 
   NativeNMethodBarrier barrier(nm);
-  barrier.set_value(value, bit_mask);
+  barrier.set_values(value, bit_mask);
 }
 
 int BarrierSetNMethod::guard_value(nmethod* nm) {
@@ -206,5 +284,5 @@ int BarrierSetNMethod::guard_value(nmethod* nm) {
   }
 
   NativeNMethodBarrier barrier(nm);
-  return barrier.get_value();
+  return barrier.get_default_guard_value();
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/globals_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/globals_aarch64.hpp
index 1db73ff0306..e79e1fc9e6a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/globals_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/globals_aarch64.hpp
@@ -67,6 +67,9 @@ define_pd_global(bool, RewriteFrequentPairs, true);
 
 define_pd_global(bool, PreserveFramePointer, false);
 
+define_pd_global(bool, InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, true);
+define_pd_global(bool, InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, true);
+
 define_pd_global(uintx, TypeProfileLevel, 111);
 
 define_pd_global(bool, CompactStrings, true);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/interp_masm_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/interp_masm_aarch64.cpp
index 0da237c133f..20cbf6e963a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/interp_masm_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/interp_masm_aarch64.cpp
@@ -32,9 +32,11 @@
 #include "interpreter/interpreterRuntime.hpp"
 #include "logging/log.hpp"
 #include "oops/arrayOop.hpp"
+#include "oops/constMethodFlags.hpp"
 #include "oops/markWord.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.hpp"
 #include "oops/methodData.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/resolvedFieldEntry.hpp"
 #include "oops/resolvedIndyEntry.hpp"
 #include "oops/resolvedMethodEntry.hpp"
@@ -208,6 +210,39 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::get_method_counters(Register method,
   bind(has_counters);
 }
 
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::read_flat_field(Register entry, Register obj) {
+  call_VM(obj, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::read_flat_field), obj, entry);
+}
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::write_flat_field(Register entry, Register field_offset,
+                                                 Register tmp1, Register tmp2,
+                                                 Register obj) {
+  assert_different_registers(entry, field_offset, tmp1, tmp2, obj);
+  Label slow_path, done;
+
+  load_unsigned_byte(tmp1, Address(entry, in_bytes(ResolvedFieldEntry::flags_offset())));
+  test_field_is_not_null_free_inline_type(tmp1, noreg /* temp */, slow_path);
+
+  null_check(r0); // FIXME JDK-8341120
+
+  add(obj, obj, field_offset);
+
+  load_klass(tmp1, r0, tmp2);
+  payload_address(r0, r0, tmp1);
+
+  Register layout_info = field_offset;
+  load_unsigned_short(tmp1, Address(entry, in_bytes(ResolvedFieldEntry::field_index_offset())));
+  ldr(tmp2, Address(entry, in_bytes(ResolvedFieldEntry::field_holder_offset())));
+  inline_layout_info(tmp2, tmp1, layout_info);
+
+  flat_field_copy(IN_HEAP, r0, obj, layout_info);
+  b(done);
+
+  bind(slow_path);
+  call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::write_flat_field), obj, r0, entry);
+  bind(done);
+}
+
 // Load object from cpool->resolved_references(index)
 void InterpreterMacroAssembler::load_resolved_reference_at_index(
                                            Register result, Register index, Register tmp) {
@@ -242,13 +277,15 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::load_resolved_klass_at_offset(
 // Kills:
 //      r2
 void InterpreterMacroAssembler::gen_subtype_check(Register Rsub_klass,
-                                                  Label& ok_is_subtype) {
+                                                  Label& ok_is_subtype,
+                                                  bool profile) {
   assert(Rsub_klass != r0, "r0 holds superklass");
   assert(Rsub_klass != r2, "r2 holds 2ndary super array length");
 
   // Profile the not-null value's klass.
-  profile_typecheck(r2, Rsub_klass); // blows r2
-
+  if (profile) {
+    profile_typecheck(r2, Rsub_klass); // blows r2
+  }
   // Do the check.
   check_klass_subtype(Rsub_klass, r0, r2, ok_is_subtype); // blows r2
 }
@@ -658,6 +695,37 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::remove_activation(TosState state,
     bind(no_reserved_zone_enabling);
   }
 
+  if (state == atos && InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+    Label skip;
+    Label not_null;
+    cbnz(r0, not_null);
+    // Returned value is null, zero all return registers because they may belong to oop fields
+    mov(j_rarg1, zr);
+    mov(j_rarg2, zr);
+    mov(j_rarg3, zr);
+    mov(j_rarg4, zr);
+    mov(j_rarg5, zr);
+    mov(j_rarg6, zr);
+    mov(j_rarg7, zr);
+    b(skip);
+    bind(not_null);
+
+    // Check if we are returning a non-null inline type and load its fields into registers
+    test_oop_is_not_inline_type(r0, rscratch2, skip, /* can_be_null= */ false);
+
+    // Load fields from a buffered value with an inline class specific handler
+    load_klass(rscratch1 /*dst*/, r0 /*src*/, rscratch2 /*tmp*/);
+    ldr(rscratch1, Address(rscratch1, InlineKlass::adr_members_offset()));
+    ldr(rscratch1, Address(rscratch1, InlineKlass::unpack_handler_offset()));
+    // Unpack handler can be null if inline type is not scalarizable in returns
+    cbz(rscratch1, skip);
+
+    blr(rscratch1);
+    bind(skip);
+    // Check above kills sender esp in rscratch2. Reload it.
+    ldr(rscratch2, Address(rfp, frame::interpreter_frame_sender_sp_offset * wordSize));
+  }
+
   // remove frame anchor
   leave();
 
@@ -935,7 +1003,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_taken_branch(Register mdp) {
 }
 
 
-void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp) {
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp, bool acmp) {
   if (ProfileInterpreter) {
     Label profile_continue;
 
@@ -947,7 +1015,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp) {
 
     // The method data pointer needs to be updated to correspond to
     // the next bytecode
-    update_mdp_by_constant(mdp, in_bytes(BranchData::branch_data_size()));
+    update_mdp_by_constant(mdp, acmp ? in_bytes(ACmpData::acmp_data_size()) : in_bytes(BranchData::branch_data_size()));
     bind(profile_continue);
   }
 }
@@ -1133,6 +1201,120 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_switch_case(Register index,
   }
 }
 
+template <class ArrayData> void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_array_type(Register mdp,
+                                                                              Register array,
+                                                                              Register tmp) {
+  if (ProfileInterpreter) {
+    Label profile_continue;
+
+    // If no method data exists, go to profile_continue.
+    test_method_data_pointer(mdp, profile_continue);
+
+    mov(tmp, array);
+    profile_obj_type(tmp, Address(mdp, in_bytes(ArrayData::array_offset())));
+
+    Label not_flat;
+    test_non_flat_array_oop(array, tmp, not_flat);
+
+    set_mdp_flag_at(mdp, ArrayData::flat_array_byte_constant());
+
+    bind(not_flat);
+
+    Label not_null_free;
+    test_non_null_free_array_oop(array, tmp, not_null_free);
+
+    set_mdp_flag_at(mdp, ArrayData::null_free_array_byte_constant());
+
+    bind(not_null_free);
+
+    bind(profile_continue);
+  }
+}
+
+template void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_array_type<ArrayLoadData>(Register mdp,
+                                                                           Register array,
+                                                                           Register tmp);
+template void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_array_type<ArrayStoreData>(Register mdp,
+                                                                            Register array,
+                                                                            Register tmp);
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_multiple_element_types(Register mdp, Register element, Register tmp, const Register tmp2) {
+  if (ProfileInterpreter) {
+    Label profile_continue;
+
+    // If no method data exists, go to profile_continue.
+    test_method_data_pointer(mdp, profile_continue);
+
+    Label done, update;
+    cbnz(element, update);
+    set_mdp_flag_at(mdp, BitData::null_seen_byte_constant());
+    b(done);
+
+    bind(update);
+    load_klass(tmp, element, tmp2);
+
+    // Record the object type.
+    profile_receiver_type(tmp, mdp, 0);
+
+    bind(done);
+
+    // The method data pointer needs to be updated.
+    update_mdp_by_constant(mdp, in_bytes(ArrayStoreData::array_store_data_size()));
+
+    bind(profile_continue);
+  }
+}
+
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_element_type(Register mdp,
+                                                     Register element,
+                                                     Register tmp) {
+  if (ProfileInterpreter) {
+    Label profile_continue;
+
+    // If no method data exists, go to profile_continue.
+    test_method_data_pointer(mdp, profile_continue);
+
+    mov(tmp, element);
+    profile_obj_type(tmp, Address(mdp, in_bytes(ArrayLoadData::element_offset())));
+
+    // The method data pointer needs to be updated.
+    update_mdp_by_constant(mdp, in_bytes(ArrayLoadData::array_load_data_size()));
+
+    bind(profile_continue);
+  }
+}
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_acmp(Register mdp,
+                                             Register left,
+                                             Register right,
+                                             Register tmp) {
+  if (ProfileInterpreter) {
+    Label profile_continue;
+
+    // If no method data exists, go to profile_continue.
+    test_method_data_pointer(mdp, profile_continue);
+
+    mov(tmp, left);
+    profile_obj_type(tmp, Address(mdp, in_bytes(ACmpData::left_offset())));
+
+    Label left_not_inline_type;
+    test_oop_is_not_inline_type(left, tmp, left_not_inline_type);
+    set_mdp_flag_at(mdp, ACmpData::left_inline_type_byte_constant());
+    bind(left_not_inline_type);
+
+    mov(tmp, right);
+    profile_obj_type(tmp, Address(mdp, in_bytes(ACmpData::right_offset())));
+
+    Label right_not_inline_type;
+    test_oop_is_not_inline_type(right, tmp, right_not_inline_type);
+    set_mdp_flag_at(mdp, ACmpData::right_inline_type_byte_constant());
+    bind(right_not_inline_type);
+
+    bind(profile_continue);
+  }
+}
+
 void InterpreterMacroAssembler::_interp_verify_oop(Register reg, TosState state, const char* file, int line) {
   if (state == atos) {
     MacroAssembler::_verify_oop_checked(reg, "broken oop", file, line);
@@ -1503,7 +1685,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_arguments_type(Register mdp, Register ca
         // argument. tmp is the number of cells left in the
         // CallTypeData/VirtualCallTypeData to reach its end. Non null
         // if there's a return to profile.
-        assert(ReturnTypeEntry::static_cell_count() < TypeStackSlotEntries::per_arg_count(), "can't move past ret type");
+        assert(SingleTypeEntry::static_cell_count() < TypeStackSlotEntries::per_arg_count(), "can't move past ret type");
         add(mdp, mdp, tmp, LSL, exact_log2(DataLayout::cell_size));
       }
       str(mdp, Address(rfp, frame::interpreter_frame_mdp_offset * wordSize));
@@ -1549,7 +1731,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_return_type(Register mdp, Register ret,
       bind(do_profile);
     }
 
-    Address mdo_ret_addr(mdp, -in_bytes(ReturnTypeEntry::size()));
+    Address mdo_ret_addr(mdp, -in_bytes(SingleTypeEntry::size()));
     mov(tmp, ret);
     profile_obj_type(tmp, mdo_ret_addr);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/interp_masm_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/interp_masm_aarch64.hpp
index 9a074f1ce69..d72137a0944 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/interp_masm_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/interp_masm_aarch64.hpp
@@ -158,6 +158,16 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
   void get_cache_index_at_bcp(Register index, int bcp_offset, size_t index_size = sizeof(u2));
   void get_method_counters(Register method, Register mcs, Label& skip);
 
+  // Allocate instance in "obj" and read in the content of the inline field
+  // NOTES:
+  //   - input holder object via "obj", which must be r0,
+  //     will return new instance via the same reg
+  void read_flat_field(Register entry, Register obj);
+
+  void write_flat_field(Register entry, Register field_offset,
+                        Register tmp1, Register tmp2,
+                        Register obj);
+
   // load cpool->resolved_references(index);
   void load_resolved_reference_at_index(Register result, Register index, Register tmp = r5);
 
@@ -202,7 +212,7 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
 
   // Generate a subtype check: branch to ok_is_subtype if sub_klass is
   // a subtype of super_klass.
-  void gen_subtype_check( Register sub_klass, Label &ok_is_subtype );
+  void gen_subtype_check( Register sub_klass, Label &ok_is_subtype, bool profile = true);
 
   // Dispatching
   void dispatch_prolog(TosState state, int step = 0);
@@ -282,7 +292,7 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
   void narrow(Register result);
 
   void profile_taken_branch(Register mdp);
-  void profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp);
+  void profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp, bool acmp = false);
   void profile_call(Register mdp);
   void profile_final_call(Register mdp);
   void profile_virtual_call(Register receiver, Register mdp);
@@ -293,6 +303,10 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
   void profile_switch_default(Register mdp);
   void profile_switch_case(Register index_in_scratch, Register mdp,
                            Register scratch2);
+  template <class ArrayData> void profile_array_type(Register mdp, Register array, Register tmp);
+  void profile_multiple_element_types(Register mdp, Register element, Register tmp, Register tmp2);
+  void profile_element_type(Register mdp, Register element, Register tmp);
+  void profile_acmp(Register mdp, Register left, Register right, Register tmp);
 
   void profile_obj_type(Register obj, const Address& mdo_addr);
   void profile_arguments_type(Register mdp, Register callee, Register tmp, bool is_virtual);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/interpreterRT_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/interpreterRT_aarch64.cpp
index d6310a2d326..c9daef8c6cf 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/interpreterRT_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/interpreterRT_aarch64.cpp
@@ -257,6 +257,11 @@ class SlowSignatureHandler
     }
   }
 
+  virtual void pass_valuetype() {
+    // values are handled with oops, like objects
+    pass_object();
+  }
+
   virtual void pass_long() {
     intptr_t value = *double_slot_addr();
     if (pass_gpr(value) < 0) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/jniFastGetField_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/jniFastGetField_aarch64.cpp
index 8bec45b4b47..cffdcf49429 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/jniFastGetField_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/jniFastGetField_aarch64.cpp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "prims/jniFastGetField.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvm_misc.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
+#include "runtime/jfieldIDWorkaround.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaThread.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/safepoint.hpp"
 #include "runtime/threadWXSetters.inline.hpp"
@@ -152,7 +153,7 @@ address JNI_FastGetField::generate_fast_get_int_field0(BasicType type) {
   BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
   bs->try_resolve_jobject_in_native(masm, c_rarg0, robj, rscratch1, slow);
 
-  __ lsr(roffset, c_rarg2, 2);                // offset
+  __ lsr(roffset, c_rarg2, jfieldIDWorkaround::offset_shift);       // offset
   __ add(result, robj, roffset);
 
   assert(count < LIST_CAPACITY, "LIST_CAPACITY too small");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 527e79459ec..c95762dc4e6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include "asm/assembler.inline.hpp"
 #include "cds/archiveBuilder.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciEnv.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "code/compiledIC.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compileTask.hpp"
 #include "compiler/disassembler.hpp"
@@ -48,16 +49,21 @@
 #include "oops/compressedKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/compressedOops.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/resolvedFieldEntry.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/continuation.hpp"
+#include "runtime/globals.hpp"
 #include "runtime/icache.hpp"
 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
 #include "runtime/jniHandles.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
+#include "runtime/signature_cc.hpp"
 #include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 #include "utilities/integerCast.hpp"
 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
+#include "vmreg_aarch64.inline.hpp"
 #ifdef COMPILER1
 #include "c1/c1_LIRAssembler.hpp"
 #endif
@@ -2007,7 +2013,11 @@ void MacroAssembler::clinit_barrier(Register klass, Register scratch, Label* L_f
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::_verify_oop(Register reg, const char* s, const char* file, int line) {
-  if (!VerifyOops) return;
+  if (!VerifyOops || VerifyAdapterSharing) {
+    // Below address of the code string confuses VerifyAdapterSharing
+    // because it may differ between otherwise equivalent adapters.
+    return;
+  }
 
   // Pass register number to verify_oop_subroutine
   const char* b = nullptr;
@@ -2040,7 +2050,11 @@ void MacroAssembler::_verify_oop(Register reg, const char* s, const char* file,
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::_verify_oop_addr(Address addr, const char* s, const char* file, int line) {
-  if (!VerifyOops) return;
+  if (!VerifyOops || VerifyAdapterSharing) {
+    // Below address of the code string confuses VerifyAdapterSharing
+    // because it may differ between otherwise equivalent adapters.
+    return;
+  }
 
   const char* b = nullptr;
   {
@@ -2289,6 +2303,10 @@ void MacroAssembler::call_VM_leaf(address entry_point, Register arg_0,
   call_VM_leaf_base(entry_point, 3);
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::super_call_VM_leaf(address entry_point) {
+  MacroAssembler::call_VM_leaf_base(entry_point, 1);
+}
+
 void MacroAssembler::super_call_VM_leaf(address entry_point, Register arg_0) {
   pass_arg0(this, arg_0);
   MacroAssembler::call_VM_leaf_base(entry_point, 1);
@@ -2334,6 +2352,86 @@ void MacroAssembler::null_check(Register reg, int offset) {
   }
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::test_markword_is_inline_type(Register markword, Label& is_inline_type) {
+  assert_different_registers(markword, rscratch2);
+  mov(rscratch2, markWord::inline_type_pattern_mask);
+  andr(markword, markword, rscratch2);
+  mov(rscratch2, markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+  cmp(markword, rscratch2);
+  br(Assembler::EQ, is_inline_type);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_oop_is_not_inline_type(Register object, Register tmp, Label& not_inline_type, bool can_be_null) {
+  assert_different_registers(tmp, rscratch1);
+  if (can_be_null) {
+    cbz(object, not_inline_type);
+  }
+  const int is_inline_type_mask = markWord::inline_type_pattern;
+  ldr(tmp, Address(object, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+  mov(rscratch1, is_inline_type_mask);
+  andr(tmp, tmp, rscratch1);
+  cmp(tmp, rscratch1);
+  br(Assembler::NE, not_inline_type);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_field_is_null_free_inline_type(Register flags, Register temp_reg, Label& is_null_free_inline_type) {
+  assert(temp_reg == noreg, "not needed"); // keep signature uniform with x86
+  tbnz(flags, ResolvedFieldEntry::is_null_free_inline_type_shift, is_null_free_inline_type);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_field_is_not_null_free_inline_type(Register flags, Register temp_reg, Label& not_null_free_inline_type) {
+  assert(temp_reg == noreg, "not needed"); // keep signature uniform with x86
+  tbz(flags, ResolvedFieldEntry::is_null_free_inline_type_shift, not_null_free_inline_type);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_field_is_flat(Register flags, Register temp_reg, Label& is_flat) {
+  assert(temp_reg == noreg, "not needed"); // keep signature uniform with x86
+  tbnz(flags, ResolvedFieldEntry::is_flat_shift, is_flat);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_oop_prototype_bit(Register oop, Register temp_reg, int32_t test_bit, bool jmp_set, Label& jmp_label) {
+  // load mark word
+  ldr(temp_reg, Address(oop, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+  if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
+    Label test_mark_word;
+    // check displaced
+    tst(temp_reg, markWord::unlocked_value);
+    br(Assembler::NE, test_mark_word);
+    // slow path use klass prototype
+    load_prototype_header(temp_reg, oop);
+
+    bind(test_mark_word);
+  }
+  andr(temp_reg, temp_reg, test_bit);
+  if (jmp_set) {
+    cbnz(temp_reg, jmp_label);
+  } else {
+    cbz(temp_reg, jmp_label);
+  }
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_flat_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_flat_array) {
+  test_oop_prototype_bit(oop, temp_reg, markWord::flat_array_bit_in_place, true, is_flat_array);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_non_flat_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg,
+                                                  Label&is_non_flat_array) {
+  test_oop_prototype_bit(oop, temp_reg, markWord::flat_array_bit_in_place, false, is_non_flat_array);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_null_free_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_null_free_array) {
+  test_oop_prototype_bit(oop, temp_reg, markWord::null_free_array_bit_in_place, true, is_null_free_array);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_non_null_free_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label&is_non_null_free_array) {
+  test_oop_prototype_bit(oop, temp_reg, markWord::null_free_array_bit_in_place, false, is_non_null_free_array);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_flat_array_layout(Register lh, Label& is_flat_array) {
+  tst(lh, Klass::_lh_array_tag_flat_value_bit_inplace);
+  br(Assembler::NE, is_flat_array);
+}
+
 // MacroAssembler protected routines needed to implement
 // public methods
 
@@ -5096,6 +5194,14 @@ void MacroAssembler::load_method_holder(Register holder, Register method) {
   ldr(holder, Address(holder, ConstantPool::pool_holder_offset()));          // InstanceKlass*
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::load_metadata(Register dst, Register src) {
+  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+    load_narrow_klass_compact(dst, src);
+  } else {
+    ldrw(dst, Address(src, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()));
+  }
+}
+
 // Loads the obj's narrow Klass from a compact object header (+COH) into dst.
 // Preserves all registers (incl src, rscratch1 and rscratch2).
 // Input:
@@ -5192,7 +5298,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::cmp_klass(Register obj, Register klass, Register tmp, Regis
 void MacroAssembler::cmp_klasses_from_objects(Register obj1, Register obj2, Register tmp1, Register tmp2) {
   if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
     load_narrow_klass_compact(tmp1, obj1);
-    load_narrow_klass_compact(tmp2,  obj2);
+    load_narrow_klass_compact(tmp2, obj2);
   } else {
     ldrw(tmp1, Address(obj1, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()));
     ldrw(tmp2, Address(obj2, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()));
@@ -5200,6 +5306,12 @@ void MacroAssembler::cmp_klasses_from_objects(Register obj1, Register obj2, Regi
   cmpw(tmp1, tmp2);
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::load_prototype_header(Register dst, Register src) {
+  Register tmp = (dst == rscratch1) ? rscratch2 : rscratch1;
+  load_klass(dst, src, tmp);
+  ldr(dst, Address(dst, Klass::prototype_header_offset()));
+}
+
 void MacroAssembler::store_klass(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp) {
   // FIXME: Should this be a store release?  concurrent gcs assumes
   // klass length is valid if klass field is not null.
@@ -5571,6 +5683,28 @@ void MacroAssembler::access_store_at(BasicType type, DecoratorSet decorators,
   }
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::flat_field_copy(DecoratorSet decorators, Register src, Register dst,
+                                     Register inline_layout_info) {
+  BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
+  bs->flat_field_copy(this, decorators, src, dst, inline_layout_info);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::payload_offset(Register inline_klass, Register offset) {
+  ldr(offset, Address(inline_klass, InlineKlass::adr_members_offset()));
+  ldrw(offset, Address(offset, InlineKlass::payload_offset_offset()));
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::payload_address(Register oop, Register data, Register inline_klass) {
+  // ((address) (void*) o) + vk->payload_offset();
+  Register offset = (data == oop) ? rscratch1 : data;
+  payload_offset(inline_klass, offset);
+  if (data == oop) {
+    add(data, data, offset);
+  } else {
+    lea(data, Address(oop, offset));
+  }
+}
+
 void MacroAssembler::load_heap_oop(Register dst, Address src, Register tmp1,
                                    Register tmp2, DecoratorSet decorators) {
   access_load_at(T_OBJECT, IN_HEAP | decorators, dst, src, tmp1, tmp2);
@@ -5685,6 +5819,21 @@ void MacroAssembler::verify_tlab() {
 #endif
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::inline_layout_info(Register holder_klass, Register index, Register layout_info) {
+  assert_different_registers(holder_klass, index, layout_info);
+  InlineLayoutInfo array[2];
+  int size = (char*)&array[1] - (char*)&array[0]; // computing size of array elements
+  if (is_power_of_2(size)) {
+    lsl(index, index, log2i_exact(size)); // Scale index by power of 2
+  } else {
+    mov(layout_info, size);
+    mul(index, index, layout_info); // Scale the index to be the entry index * array_element_size
+  }
+  ldr(layout_info, Address(holder_klass, InstanceKlass::inline_layout_info_array_offset()));
+  add(layout_info, layout_info, Array<InlineLayoutInfo>::base_offset_in_bytes());
+  lea(layout_info, Address(layout_info, index));
+}
+
 // Writes to stack successive pages until offset reached to check for
 // stack overflow + shadow pages.  This clobbers tmp.
 void MacroAssembler::bang_stack_size(Register size, Register tmp) {
@@ -5791,16 +5940,32 @@ void MacroAssembler::load_aotrc_address(Register reg, address a) {
 #endif
 }
 
+#ifdef ASSERT
 void MacroAssembler::build_frame(int framesize) {
+  build_frame(framesize, false);
+}
+#endif
+
+void MacroAssembler::build_frame(int framesize DEBUG_ONLY(COMMA bool zap_rfp_lr_spills)) {
   assert(framesize >= 2 * wordSize, "framesize must include space for FP/LR");
   assert(framesize % (2*wordSize) == 0, "must preserve 2*wordSize alignment");
   protect_return_address();
   if (framesize < ((1 << 9) + 2 * wordSize)) {
     sub(sp, sp, framesize);
-    stp(rfp, lr, Address(sp, framesize - 2 * wordSize));
+    if (DEBUG_ONLY(zap_rfp_lr_spills ||) false) {
+      mov_immediate64(rscratch1, ((uint64_t)badRegWordVal) << 32 | (uint64_t)badRegWordVal);
+      stp(rscratch1, rscratch1, Address(sp, framesize - 2 * wordSize));
+    } else {
+      stp(rfp, lr, Address(sp, framesize - 2 * wordSize));
+    }
     if (PreserveFramePointer) add(rfp, sp, framesize - 2 * wordSize);
   } else {
-    stp(rfp, lr, Address(pre(sp, -2 * wordSize)));
+    if (DEBUG_ONLY(zap_rfp_lr_spills ||) false) {
+      mov_immediate64(rscratch1, ((uint64_t)badRegWordVal) << 32 | (uint64_t)badRegWordVal);
+      stp(rscratch1, rscratch1, Address(pre(sp, -2 * wordSize)));
+    } else {
+      stp(rfp, lr, Address(pre(sp, -2 * wordSize)));
+    }
     if (PreserveFramePointer) mov(rfp, sp);
     if (framesize < ((1 << 12) + 2 * wordSize))
       sub(sp, sp, framesize - 2 * wordSize);
@@ -5830,6 +5995,88 @@ void MacroAssembler::remove_frame(int framesize) {
   authenticate_return_address();
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::remove_frame(int initial_framesize, bool needs_stack_repair) {
+  if (needs_stack_repair) {
+    // The method has a scalarized entry point (where fields of value object arguments
+    // are passed through registers and stack), and a non-scalarized entry point (where
+    // value object arguments are given as oops). The non-scalarized entry point will
+    // first load each field of value object arguments and store them in registers and on
+    // the stack in a way compatible with the scalarized entry point. To do so, some extra
+    // stack space might be reserved (if argument registers are not enough). On leaving the
+    // method, this space must be freed.
+    //
+    // In case we used the non-scalarized entry point the stack looks like this:
+    //
+    // | Arguments from caller     |
+    // |---------------------------|  <-- caller's SP
+    // | Saved LR #1               |
+    // | Saved FP #1               |
+    // |---------------------------|
+    // | Extension space for       |
+    // |   inline arg (un)packing  |
+    // |---------------------------|  <-- start of this method's frame
+    // | Saved LR #2               |
+    // | Saved FP #2               |
+    // |---------------------------|  <-- FP (with -XX:+PreserveFramePointer)
+    // | sp_inc                    |
+    // | method locals             |
+    // |---------------------------|  <-- SP
+    //
+    // There are two copies of FP and LR on the stack. They will be identical at
+    // first, but that can change.
+    // If the caller has been deoptimized, LR #1 will be patched to point at the
+    // deopt blob, and LR #2 will still point into the old method.
+    // If the saved FP (x29) was not used as the frame pointer, but to store an
+    // oop, the GC will be aware only of FP #1 as the spilled location of x29 and
+    // will fix only this one. Overall, FP/LR #2 are not reliable and are simply
+    // needed to add space between the extension space and the locals, as there
+    // would be between the real arguments and the locals if we don't need to
+    // do unpacking (from the scalarized entry point).
+    //
+    // When restoring, one must then load FP #1 into x29, and LR #1 into x30,
+    // while keeping in mind that from the scalarized entry point, there will be
+    // only one copy of each. Indeed, in the case we used the scalarized calling
+    // convention, the stack looks like this:
+    //
+    // | Arguments from caller     |
+    // |---------------------------|  <-- caller's SP / start of this method's frame
+    // | Saved LR                  |
+    // | Saved FP                  |
+    // |---------------------------|  <-- FP (with -XX:+PreserveFramePointer)
+    // | sp_inc                    |
+    // | method locals             |
+    // |---------------------------|  <-- SP
+    //
+    // The sp_inc stack slot holds the total size of the frame including the
+    // extension space minus two words for the saved FP and LR. That is how to
+    // find FP/LR #1. This size is expressed in bytes. Be careful when using it
+    // from C++ in pointer arithmetic; you might need to divide it by wordSize.
+    //
+    // One can find sp_inc since the start the method's frame is SP + initial_framesize.
+
+    int sp_inc_offset = initial_framesize - 3 * wordSize;  // Immediately below saved LR and FP
+
+    ldr(rscratch1, Address(sp, sp_inc_offset));
+    add(sp, sp, rscratch1);
+    ldp(rfp, lr, Address(post(sp, 2 * wordSize)));
+  } else {
+    remove_frame(initial_framesize);
+  }
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::save_stack_increment(int sp_inc, int frame_size) {
+  int real_frame_size = frame_size + sp_inc;
+  assert(sp_inc == 0 || sp_inc > 2*wordSize, "invalid sp_inc value");
+  assert(real_frame_size >= 2*wordSize, "frame size must include FP/LR space");
+  assert((real_frame_size & (StackAlignmentInBytes-1)) == 0, "frame size not aligned");
+
+  int sp_inc_offset = frame_size - 3 * wordSize;  // Immediately below saved LR and FP
+
+  // Subtract two words for the saved FP and LR as these will be popped
+  // separately. See remove_frame above.
+  mov(rscratch1, real_frame_size - 2*wordSize);
+  str(rscratch1, Address(sp, sp_inc_offset));
+}
 
 // This method counts leading positive bytes (highest bit not set) in provided byte array
 address MacroAssembler::count_positives(Register ary1, Register len, Register result) {
@@ -6753,6 +7000,482 @@ void MacroAssembler::get_thread(Register dst) {
   authenticate_return_address();
 }
 
+#ifdef COMPILER2
+// C2 compiled method's prolog code
+// Moved here from aarch64.ad to support Valhalla code below
+void MacroAssembler::verified_entry(Compile* C, int sp_inc) {
+  if (C->clinit_barrier_on_entry()) {
+    assert(!C->method()->holder()->is_not_initialized(), "initialization should have been started");
+
+    Label L_skip_barrier;
+
+    mov_metadata(rscratch2, C->method()->holder()->constant_encoding());
+    clinit_barrier(rscratch2, rscratch1, &L_skip_barrier);
+    far_jump(RuntimeAddress(SharedRuntime::get_handle_wrong_method_stub()));
+    bind(L_skip_barrier);
+  }
+
+  if (C->max_vector_size() > 0) {
+    reinitialize_ptrue();
+  }
+
+  int bangsize = C->output()->bang_size_in_bytes();
+  if (C->output()->need_stack_bang(bangsize))
+    generate_stack_overflow_check(bangsize);
+
+  // n.b. frame size includes space for return pc and rfp
+  const long framesize = C->output()->frame_size_in_bytes();
+  build_frame(framesize DEBUG_ONLY(COMMA sp_inc != 0));
+
+  if (C->needs_stack_repair()) {
+    save_stack_increment(sp_inc, framesize);
+  }
+
+  if (VerifyStackAtCalls) {
+    Unimplemented();
+  }
+}
+#endif // COMPILER2
+
+int MacroAssembler::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(ciInlineKlass* vk, bool from_interpreter) {
+  assert(InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, "Inline types should never be returned as fields");
+  // An inline type might be returned. If fields are in registers we
+  // need to allocate an inline type instance and initialize it with
+  // the value of the fields.
+  Label skip;
+  // We only need a new buffered inline type if a new one is not returned
+  tbz(r0, 0, skip);
+  int call_offset = -1;
+
+  // Be careful not to clobber r1-7 which hold returned fields
+  // Also do not use callee-saved registers as these may be live in the interpreter
+  Register tmp1 = r13, tmp2 = r14, klass = r15, r0_preserved = r12;
+
+  // The following code is similar to the instance allocation code in TemplateTable::_new
+  //  but has some slight differences,
+  // e.g. object size is always not zero, sometimes it's constant; storing klass ptr after
+  // allocating is not necessary if vk != nullptr, etc.
+  Label slow_case;
+  // 1. Try to allocate a new buffered inline instance either from TLAB or eden space
+  mov(r0_preserved, r0); // save r0 for slow_case since *_allocate may corrupt it when allocation failed
+
+  if (vk != nullptr) {
+    // Called from C1, where the return type is statically known.
+    movptr(klass, (intptr_t)vk->get_InlineKlass());
+    jint lh = vk->layout_helper();
+    assert(lh != Klass::_lh_neutral_value, "inline class in return type must have been resolved");
+    if (UseTLAB && !Klass::layout_helper_needs_slow_path(lh)) {
+      tlab_allocate(r0, noreg, lh, tmp1, tmp2, slow_case);
+    } else {
+      b(slow_case);
+    }
+  } else {
+    // Call from interpreter. R0 contains ((the InlineKlass* of the return type) | 0x01)
+    andr(klass, r0, -2);
+    if (UseTLAB) {
+      ldrw(tmp2, Address(klass, Klass::layout_helper_offset()));
+      tst(tmp2, Klass::_lh_instance_slow_path_bit);
+      br(Assembler::NE, slow_case);
+      tlab_allocate(r0, tmp2, 0, tmp1, tmp2, slow_case);
+    } else {
+      b(slow_case);
+    }
+  }
+  if (UseTLAB) {
+    // 2. Initialize buffered inline instance header
+    Register buffer_obj = r0;
+    if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+      ldr(rscratch1, Address(klass, Klass::prototype_header_offset()));
+      str(rscratch1, Address(buffer_obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    } else {
+      mov(rscratch1, (intptr_t)markWord::inline_type_prototype().value());
+      str(rscratch1, Address(buffer_obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+      store_klass_gap(buffer_obj, zr);
+      if (vk == nullptr) {
+        // store_klass corrupts klass, so save it for later use (interpreter case only).
+        mov(tmp1, klass);
+      }
+      store_klass(buffer_obj, klass, rscratch1);
+      klass = tmp1;
+    }
+    // 3. Initialize its fields with an inline class specific handler
+    if (vk != nullptr) {
+      far_call(RuntimeAddress(vk->pack_handler())); // no need for call info as this will not safepoint.
+    } else {
+      ldr(tmp1, Address(klass, InlineKlass::adr_members_offset()));
+      ldr(tmp1, Address(tmp1, InlineKlass::pack_handler_offset()));
+      blr(tmp1);
+    }
+
+    membar(Assembler::StoreStore);
+    b(skip);
+  } else {
+    // Must have already branched to slow_case above.
+    DEBUG_ONLY(should_not_reach_here());
+  }
+  bind(slow_case);
+  // We failed to allocate a new inline type, fall back to a runtime
+  // call. Some oop field may be live in some registers but we can't
+  // tell. That runtime call will take care of preserving them
+  // across a GC if there's one.
+  mov(r0, r0_preserved);
+
+  if (from_interpreter) {
+    super_call_VM_leaf(SharedRuntime::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf_entry());
+  } else {
+    far_call(RuntimeAddress(SharedRuntime::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf_entry()));
+    call_offset = offset();
+  }
+  membar(Assembler::StoreStore);
+
+  bind(skip);
+  return call_offset;
+}
+
+// Move a value between registers/stack slots and update the reg_state
+bool MacroAssembler::move_helper(VMReg from, VMReg to, BasicType bt, RegState reg_state[]) {
+  assert(from->is_valid() && to->is_valid(), "source and destination must be valid");
+  if (reg_state[to->value()] == reg_written) {
+    return true; // Already written
+  }
+
+  if (from != to && bt != T_VOID) {
+    if (reg_state[to->value()] == reg_readonly) {
+      return false; // Not yet writable
+    }
+    if (from->is_reg()) {
+      if (to->is_reg()) {
+        if (from->is_Register() && to->is_Register()) {
+          mov(to->as_Register(), from->as_Register());
+        } else if (from->is_FloatRegister() && to->is_FloatRegister()) {
+          fmovd(to->as_FloatRegister(), from->as_FloatRegister());
+        } else {
+          ShouldNotReachHere();
+        }
+      } else {
+        int st_off = to->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
+        Address to_addr = Address(sp, st_off);
+        if (from->is_FloatRegister()) {
+          if (bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+             strd(from->as_FloatRegister(), to_addr);
+          } else {
+             assert(bt == T_FLOAT, "must be float");
+             strs(from->as_FloatRegister(), to_addr);
+          }
+        } else {
+          str(from->as_Register(), to_addr);
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      Address from_addr = Address(sp, from->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size);
+      if (to->is_reg()) {
+        if (to->is_FloatRegister()) {
+          if (bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+            ldrd(to->as_FloatRegister(), from_addr);
+          } else {
+            assert(bt == T_FLOAT, "must be float");
+            ldrs(to->as_FloatRegister(), from_addr);
+          }
+        } else {
+          ldr(to->as_Register(), from_addr);
+        }
+      } else {
+        int st_off = to->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
+        ldr(rscratch1, from_addr);
+        str(rscratch1, Address(sp, st_off));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Update register states
+  reg_state[from->value()] = reg_writable;
+  reg_state[to->value()] = reg_written;
+  return true;
+}
+
+// Calculate the extra stack space required for packing or unpacking inline
+// args and adjust the stack pointer
+int MacroAssembler::extend_stack_for_inline_args(int args_on_stack) {
+  int sp_inc = args_on_stack * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
+  sp_inc = align_up(sp_inc, StackAlignmentInBytes);
+  assert(sp_inc > 0, "sanity");
+
+  // Save a copy of the FP and LR here for deoptimization patching and frame walking
+  stp(rfp, lr, Address(pre(sp, -2 * wordSize)));
+
+  // Adjust the stack pointer. This will be repaired on return by MacroAssembler::remove_frame
+  if (sp_inc < (1 << 9)) {
+    sub(sp, sp, sp_inc);   // Fits in an immediate
+  } else {
+    mov(rscratch1, sp_inc);
+    sub(sp, sp, rscratch1);
+  }
+
+  return sp_inc + 2 * wordSize;  // Account for the FP/LR space
+}
+
+// Read all fields from an inline type oop and store the values in registers/stack slots
+bool MacroAssembler::unpack_inline_helper(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int& sig_index,
+                                          VMReg from, int& from_index, VMRegPair* to, int to_count, int& to_index,
+                                          RegState reg_state[]) {
+  assert(sig->at(sig_index)._bt == T_VOID, "should be at end delimiter");
+  assert(from->is_valid(), "source must be valid");
+  bool progress = false;
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  const int start_offset = offset();
+#endif
+
+  Label L_null, L_notNull;
+  // Don't use r14 as tmp because it's used for spilling (see MacroAssembler::spill_reg_for)
+  Register tmp1 = r10;
+  Register tmp2 = r11;
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  RegSet clobbered_gp_regs = MacroAssembler::call_clobbered_gp_registers();
+  assert(clobbered_gp_regs.contains(tmp1), "tmp1 must be saved explicitly if it's not a clobber");
+  assert(clobbered_gp_regs.contains(tmp2), "tmp2 must be saved explicitly if it's not a clobber");
+  assert(clobbered_gp_regs.contains(r14), "r14 must be saved explicitly if it's not a clobber");
+#endif
+
+  Register fromReg = noreg;
+  ScalarizedInlineArgsStream stream(sig, sig_index, to, to_count, to_index, true);
+  bool done = true;
+  bool mark_done = true;
+  VMReg toReg;
+  BasicType bt;
+  // Check if argument requires a null check
+  bool null_check = false;
+  VMReg nullCheckReg;
+  while (stream.next(nullCheckReg, bt)) {
+    if (sig->at(stream.sig_index())._offset == -1) {
+      null_check = true;
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  stream.reset(sig_index, to_index);
+  while (stream.next(toReg, bt)) {
+    assert(toReg->is_valid(), "destination must be valid");
+    int idx = (int)toReg->value();
+    if (reg_state[idx] == reg_readonly) {
+      if (idx != from->value()) {
+        mark_done = false;
+      }
+      done = false;
+      continue;
+    } else if (reg_state[idx] == reg_written) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    assert(reg_state[idx] == reg_writable, "must be writable");
+    reg_state[idx] = reg_written;
+    progress = true;
+
+    if (fromReg == noreg) {
+      if (from->is_reg()) {
+        fromReg = from->as_Register();
+      } else {
+        int st_off = from->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
+        ldr(tmp1, Address(sp, st_off));
+        fromReg = tmp1;
+      }
+      if (null_check) {
+        // Nullable inline type argument, emit null check
+        cbz(fromReg, L_null);
+      }
+    }
+    int off = sig->at(stream.sig_index())._offset;
+    if (off == -1) {
+      assert(null_check, "Missing null check at");
+      if (toReg->is_stack()) {
+        int st_off = toReg->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
+        mov(tmp2, 1);
+        str(tmp2, Address(sp, st_off));
+      } else {
+        mov(toReg->as_Register(), 1);
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (sig->at(stream.sig_index())._vt_oop) {
+      if (toReg->is_stack()) {
+        int st_off = toReg->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
+        str(fromReg, Address(sp, st_off));
+      } else {
+        mov(toReg->as_Register(), fromReg);
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+    assert(off > 0, "offset in object should be positive");
+    Address fromAddr = Address(fromReg, off);
+    if (!toReg->is_FloatRegister()) {
+      Register dst = toReg->is_stack() ? tmp2 : toReg->as_Register();
+      if (is_reference_type(bt)) {
+        load_heap_oop(dst, fromAddr, rscratch1, rscratch2);
+      } else {
+        bool is_signed = (bt != T_CHAR) && (bt != T_BOOLEAN);
+        load_sized_value(dst, fromAddr, type2aelembytes(bt), is_signed);
+      }
+      if (toReg->is_stack()) {
+        int st_off = toReg->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
+        str(dst, Address(sp, st_off));
+      }
+    } else if (bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+      ldrd(toReg->as_FloatRegister(), fromAddr);
+    } else {
+      assert(bt == T_FLOAT, "must be float");
+      ldrs(toReg->as_FloatRegister(), fromAddr);
+    }
+  }
+  if (progress && null_check) {
+    if (done) {
+      b(L_notNull);
+      bind(L_null);
+      // Set null marker to zero to signal that the argument is null.
+      // Also set all fields to zero since the runtime requires a canonical
+      // representation of a flat null.
+      stream.reset(sig_index, to_index);
+      while (stream.next(toReg, bt)) {
+        if (toReg->is_stack()) {
+          int st_off = toReg->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
+          str(zr, Address(sp, st_off));
+        } else if (toReg->is_FloatRegister()) {
+          mov(toReg->as_FloatRegister(), T2S, 0);
+        } else {
+          mov(toReg->as_Register(), zr);
+        }
+      }
+      bind(L_notNull);
+    } else {
+      bind(L_null);
+    }
+  }
+
+  sig_index = stream.sig_index();
+  to_index = stream.regs_index();
+
+  if (mark_done && reg_state[from->value()] != reg_written) {
+    // This is okay because no one else will write to that slot
+    reg_state[from->value()] = reg_writable;
+  }
+  from_index--;
+  assert(progress || (start_offset == offset()), "should not emit code");
+  return done;
+}
+
+// Pack fields back into an inline type oop
+bool MacroAssembler::pack_inline_helper(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int& sig_index, int vtarg_index,
+                                        VMRegPair* from, int from_count, int& from_index, VMReg to,
+                                        RegState reg_state[], Register val_array) {
+  assert(sig->at(sig_index)._bt == T_METADATA, "should be at delimiter");
+  assert(to->is_valid(), "destination must be valid");
+
+  if (reg_state[to->value()] == reg_written) {
+    skip_unpacked_fields(sig, sig_index, from, from_count, from_index);
+    return true; // Already written
+  }
+
+  // The GC barrier expanded by store_heap_oop below may call into the
+  // runtime so use callee-saved registers for any values that need to be
+  // preserved. The GC barrier assembler should take care of saving the
+  // Java argument registers.
+  // Be careful with r14 because it's used for spilling (see MacroAssembler::spill_reg_for).
+  Register val_obj_tmp = r21;
+  Register from_reg_tmp = r22;
+  Register tmp1 = r14;
+  Register tmp2 = r13;
+  Register tmp3 = r12;
+  Register val_obj = to->is_stack() ? val_obj_tmp : to->as_Register();
+
+  assert_different_registers(val_obj_tmp, from_reg_tmp, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, val_array);
+
+  if (reg_state[to->value()] == reg_readonly) {
+    if (!is_reg_in_unpacked_fields(sig, sig_index, to, from, from_count, from_index)) {
+      skip_unpacked_fields(sig, sig_index, from, from_count, from_index);
+      return false; // Not yet writable
+    }
+    val_obj = val_obj_tmp;
+  }
+
+  ScalarizedInlineArgsStream stream(sig, sig_index, from, from_count, from_index);
+  VMReg fromReg;
+  BasicType bt;
+  Label L_null;
+  while (stream.next(fromReg, bt)) {
+    assert(fromReg->is_valid(), "source must be valid");
+    reg_state[fromReg->value()] = reg_writable;
+
+    int off = sig->at(stream.sig_index())._offset;
+    if (off == -1) {
+      // Nullable inline type argument, emit null check
+      Label L_notNull;
+      if (fromReg->is_stack()) {
+        int ld_off = fromReg->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
+        ldrb(tmp2, Address(sp, ld_off));
+        cbnz(tmp2, L_notNull);
+      } else {
+        cbnz(fromReg->as_Register(), L_notNull);
+      }
+      mov(val_obj, 0);
+      b(L_null);
+      bind(L_notNull);
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (sig->at(stream.sig_index())._vt_oop) {
+      if (fromReg->is_stack()) {
+        int ld_off = fromReg->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
+        ldr(val_obj, Address(sp, ld_off));
+      } else {
+        mov(val_obj, fromReg->as_Register());
+      }
+      cbnz(val_obj, L_null);
+      // get the buffer from the just allocated pool of buffers
+      int index = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT) + vtarg_index * type2aelembytes(T_OBJECT);
+      load_heap_oop(val_obj, Address(val_array, index), rscratch1, rscratch2);
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    assert(off > 0, "offset in object should be positive");
+    size_t size_in_bytes = is_java_primitive(bt) ? type2aelembytes(bt) : wordSize;
+
+    // Pack the scalarized field into the value object.
+    Address dst(val_obj, off);
+    if (!fromReg->is_FloatRegister()) {
+      Register src;
+      if (fromReg->is_stack()) {
+        src = from_reg_tmp;
+        int ld_off = fromReg->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
+        load_sized_value(src, Address(sp, ld_off), size_in_bytes, /* is_signed */ false);
+      } else {
+        src = fromReg->as_Register();
+      }
+      assert_different_registers(dst.base(), src, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, val_array);
+      if (is_reference_type(bt)) {
+        // store_heap_oop transitively calls oop_store_at which corrupts to.base(). We need to keep val_obj valid.
+        mov(tmp3, val_obj);
+        Address dst_with_tmp3(tmp3, off);
+        store_heap_oop(dst_with_tmp3, src, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, IN_HEAP | ACCESS_WRITE | IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED);
+      } else {
+        store_sized_value(dst, src, size_in_bytes);
+      }
+    } else if (bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+      strd(fromReg->as_FloatRegister(), dst);
+    } else {
+      assert(bt == T_FLOAT, "must be float");
+      strs(fromReg->as_FloatRegister(), dst);
+    }
+  }
+  bind(L_null);
+  sig_index = stream.sig_index();
+  from_index = stream.regs_index();
+
+  assert(reg_state[to->value()] == reg_writable, "must have already been read");
+  bool success = move_helper(val_obj->as_VMReg(), to, T_OBJECT, reg_state);
+  assert(success, "to register must be writable");
+  return true;
+}
+
+VMReg MacroAssembler::spill_reg_for(VMReg reg) {
+  return (reg->is_FloatRegister()) ? v8->as_VMReg() : r14->as_VMReg();
+}
+
 void MacroAssembler::cache_wb(Address line) {
   assert(line.getMode() == Address::base_plus_offset, "mode should be base_plus_offset");
   assert(line.index() == noreg, "index should be noreg");
@@ -7188,6 +7911,9 @@ void MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register basic_lock, Register obj, Register t1, R
   // Try to lock. Transition lock bits 0b01 => 0b00
   assert(oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes() == 0, "required to avoid lea");
   orr(mark, mark, markWord::unlocked_value);
+  // Mask inline_type bit such that we go to the slow path if object is an inline type
+  andr(mark, mark, ~((int) markWord::inline_type_bit_in_place));
+
   eor(t, mark, markWord::unlocked_value);
   cmpxchg(/*addr*/ obj, /*expected*/ mark, /*new*/ t, Assembler::xword, memory_order_acquire);
   br(Assembler::NE, slow);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
index df331ed02d3..826f88fe85c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.hpp
@@ -35,7 +35,12 @@
 #include "runtime/atomicAccess.hpp"
 #include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
+#include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
+#include "runtime/signature.hpp"
+
+
+class ciInlineKlass;
 
 class OopMap;
 struct GtestFriendToMacroAssembler;
@@ -191,7 +196,8 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   void strw(Register Rx, const Address &adr);
 
   // Frame creation and destruction shared between JITs.
-  void build_frame(int framesize);
+  DEBUG_ONLY(void build_frame(int framesize);)
+  void build_frame(int framesize DEBUG_ONLY(COMMA bool zap_rfp_lr_spills));
   void remove_frame(int framesize);
 
   virtual void _call_Unimplemented(address call_site) {
@@ -710,6 +716,26 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   static bool needs_explicit_null_check(intptr_t offset);
   static bool uses_implicit_null_check(void* address);
 
+  // markWord tests, kills markWord reg
+  void test_markword_is_inline_type(Register markword, Label& is_inline_type);
+
+  // inlineKlass queries, kills temp_reg
+  void test_oop_is_not_inline_type(Register object, Register tmp, Label& not_inline_type, bool can_be_null = true);
+
+  void test_field_is_null_free_inline_type(Register flags, Register temp_reg, Label& is_null_free);
+  void test_field_is_not_null_free_inline_type(Register flags, Register temp_reg, Label& not_null_free);
+  void test_field_is_flat(Register flags, Register temp_reg, Label& is_flat);
+
+  // Check oops for special arrays, i.e. flat arrays and/or null-free arrays
+  void test_oop_prototype_bit(Register oop, Register temp_reg, int32_t test_bit, bool jmp_set, Label& jmp_label);
+  void test_flat_array_oop(Register klass, Register temp_reg, Label& is_flat_array);
+  void test_non_flat_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label&is_non_flat_array);
+  void test_null_free_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_null_free_array);
+  void test_non_null_free_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label&is_non_null_free_array);
+
+  // Check array klass layout helper for flat or null-free arrays...
+  void test_flat_array_layout(Register lh, Label& is_flat_array);
+
   static address target_addr_for_insn(address insn_addr);
 
   // Required platform-specific helpers for Label::patch_instructions.
@@ -936,6 +962,8 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   void load_method_holder(Register holder, Register method);
 
   // oop manipulations
+  void load_metadata(Register dst, Register src);
+
   void load_narrow_klass_compact(Register dst, Register src);
   void load_narrow_klass(Register dst, Register src);
   void load_klass(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp);
@@ -953,6 +981,12 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   void access_store_at(BasicType type, DecoratorSet decorators, Address dst, Register val,
                        Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3);
 
+  void flat_field_copy(DecoratorSet decorators, Register src, Register dst, Register inline_layout_info);
+
+  // inline type data payload offsets...
+  void payload_offset(Register inline_klass, Register offset);
+  void payload_address(Register oop, Register data, Register inline_klass);
+
   void load_heap_oop(Register dst, Address src, Register tmp1,
                      Register tmp2, DecoratorSet decorators = 0);
 
@@ -966,6 +1000,8 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   // stored using routines that take a jobject.
   void store_heap_oop_null(Address dst);
 
+  void load_prototype_header(Register dst, Register src);
+
   void store_klass_gap(Register dst, Register src);
 
   // This dummy is to prevent a call to store_heap_oop from
@@ -1011,6 +1047,7 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   void java_round_float(Register dst, FloatRegister src, FloatRegister ftmp);
 
   // allocation
+
   void tlab_allocate(
     Register obj,                      // result: pointer to object after successful allocation
     Register var_size_in_bytes,        // object size in bytes if unknown at compile time; invalid otherwise
@@ -1021,6 +1058,8 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   );
   void verify_tlab();
 
+  void inline_layout_info(Register holder_klass, Register index, Register layout_info);
+
   // interface method calling
   void lookup_interface_method(Register recv_klass,
                                Register intf_klass,
@@ -1484,6 +1523,13 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
 
   void adrp(Register reg1, const Address &dest, uint64_t &byte_offset);
 
+  void verified_entry(Compile* C, int sp_inc);
+
+  // Inline type specific methods
+  #include "asm/macroAssembler_common.hpp"
+
+  void save_stack_increment(int sp_inc, int frame_size);
+
   void tableswitch(Register index, jint lowbound, jint highbound,
                    Label &jumptable, Label &jumptable_end, int stride = 1) {
     adr(rscratch1, jumptable);
@@ -1558,6 +1604,8 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   void string_equals(Register a1, Register a2, Register result, Register cnt1);
 
   void fill_words(Register base, Register cnt, Register value);
+  void fill_words(Register base, uint64_t cnt, Register value);
+
   address zero_words(Register base, uint64_t cnt);
   address zero_words(Register ptr, Register cnt);
   void zero_dcache_blocks(Register base, Register cnt);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/methodHandles_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/methodHandles_aarch64.cpp
index 7dc74f44cdc..fb130ec88ca 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/methodHandles_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/methodHandles_aarch64.cpp
@@ -161,7 +161,11 @@ void MethodHandles::jump_from_method_handle(MacroAssembler* _masm, Register meth
     __ BIND(run_compiled_code);
   }
 
-  const ByteSize entry_offset = for_compiler_entry ? Method::from_compiled_offset() :
+  // The following jump might pass an inline type argument that was erased to Object as oop to a
+  // callee that expects inline type arguments to be passed as fields. We need to call the compiled
+  // value entry (_code->inline_entry_point() or _adapter->c2i_inline_entry()) which will take care
+  // of translating between the calling conventions.
+  const ByteSize entry_offset = for_compiler_entry ? Method::from_compiled_inline_offset() :
                                                      Method::from_interpreted_offset();
   __ ldr(rscratch1,Address(method, entry_offset));
   __ br(rscratch1);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/sharedRuntime_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/sharedRuntime_aarch64.cpp
index 0e3d9d76b94..fce08ff982d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/sharedRuntime_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/sharedRuntime_aarch64.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 
 #include "asm/macroAssembler.hpp"
 #include "asm/macroAssembler.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
 #include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
 #include "code/compiledIC.hpp"
@@ -201,7 +202,6 @@ OopMap* RegisterSaver::save_live_registers(MacroAssembler* masm, int additional_
   // will allow deoptimization at this safepoint to find all possible
   // debug-info recordings, as well as let GC find all oops.
 
-  OopMapSet *oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
   OopMap* oop_map = new OopMap(frame_size_in_slots, 0);
 
   for (int i = 0; i < Register::number_of_registers; i++) {
@@ -351,6 +351,85 @@ int SharedRuntime::java_calling_convention(const BasicType *sig_bt,
   return stk_args;
 }
 
+
+const uint SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_int = Argument::n_int_register_parameters_j;
+const uint SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_float = Argument::n_float_register_parameters_j;
+
+int SharedRuntime::java_return_convention(const BasicType *sig_bt, VMRegPair *regs, int total_args_passed) {
+
+  // Create the mapping between argument positions and registers.
+
+  static const Register INT_ArgReg[java_return_convention_max_int] = {
+    r0 /* j_rarg7 */, j_rarg6, j_rarg5, j_rarg4, j_rarg3, j_rarg2, j_rarg1, j_rarg0
+  };
+
+  static const FloatRegister FP_ArgReg[java_return_convention_max_float] = {
+    j_farg0, j_farg1, j_farg2, j_farg3, j_farg4, j_farg5, j_farg6, j_farg7
+  };
+
+  uint int_args = 0;
+  uint fp_args = 0;
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < total_args_passed; i++) {
+    switch (sig_bt[i]) {
+    case T_BOOLEAN:
+    case T_CHAR:
+    case T_BYTE:
+    case T_SHORT:
+    case T_INT:
+      if (int_args < SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_int) {
+        regs[i].set1(INT_ArgReg[int_args]->as_VMReg());
+        int_args ++;
+      } else {
+        return -1;
+      }
+      break;
+    case T_VOID:
+      // halves of T_LONG or T_DOUBLE
+      assert(i != 0 && (sig_bt[i - 1] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i - 1] == T_DOUBLE), "expecting half");
+      regs[i].set_bad();
+      break;
+    case T_LONG:
+      assert((i + 1) < total_args_passed && sig_bt[i + 1] == T_VOID, "expecting half");
+      // fall through
+    case T_OBJECT:
+    case T_ARRAY:
+    case T_ADDRESS:
+      // Should T_METADATA be added to java_calling_convention as well ?
+    case T_METADATA:
+      if (int_args < SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_int) {
+        regs[i].set2(INT_ArgReg[int_args]->as_VMReg());
+        int_args ++;
+      } else {
+        return -1;
+      }
+      break;
+    case T_FLOAT:
+      if (fp_args < SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_float) {
+        regs[i].set1(FP_ArgReg[fp_args]->as_VMReg());
+        fp_args ++;
+      } else {
+        return -1;
+      }
+      break;
+    case T_DOUBLE:
+      assert((i + 1) < total_args_passed && sig_bt[i + 1] == T_VOID, "expecting half");
+      if (fp_args < SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_float) {
+        regs[i].set2(FP_ArgReg[fp_args]->as_VMReg());
+        fp_args ++;
+      } else {
+        return -1;
+      }
+      break;
+    default:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return int_args + fp_args;
+}
+
 // Patch the callers callsite with entry to compiled code if it exists.
 static void patch_callers_callsite(MacroAssembler *masm) {
   Label L;
@@ -385,12 +464,148 @@ static void patch_callers_callsite(MacroAssembler *masm) {
   __ bind(L);
 }
 
+// For each inline type argument, sig includes the list of fields of
+// the inline type. This utility function computes the number of
+// arguments for the call if inline types are passed by reference (the
+// calling convention the interpreter expects).
+static int compute_total_args_passed_int(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_extended) {
+  int total_args_passed = 0;
+  if (InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < sig_extended->length(); i++) {
+      BasicType bt = sig_extended->at(i)._bt;
+      if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+        // In sig_extended, an inline type argument starts with:
+        // T_METADATA, followed by the types of the fields of the
+        // inline type and T_VOID to mark the end of the value
+        // type. Inline types are flattened so, for instance, in the
+        // case of an inline type with an int field and an inline type
+        // field that itself has 2 fields, an int and a long:
+        // T_METADATA T_INT T_METADATA T_INT T_LONG T_VOID (second
+        // slot for the T_LONG) T_VOID (inner inline type) T_VOID
+        // (outer inline type)
+        total_args_passed++;
+        int vt = 1;
+        do {
+          i++;
+          BasicType bt = sig_extended->at(i)._bt;
+          BasicType prev_bt = sig_extended->at(i-1)._bt;
+          if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+            vt++;
+          } else if (bt == T_VOID &&
+                     prev_bt != T_LONG &&
+                     prev_bt != T_DOUBLE) {
+            vt--;
+          }
+        } while (vt != 0);
+      } else {
+        total_args_passed++;
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    total_args_passed = sig_extended->length();
+  }
+  return total_args_passed;
+}
+
+
+static void gen_c2i_adapter_helper(MacroAssembler* masm,
+                                   BasicType bt,
+                                   BasicType prev_bt,
+                                   size_t size_in_bytes,
+                                   const VMRegPair& reg_pair,
+                                   const Address& to,
+                                   Register tmp1,
+                                   Register tmp2,
+                                   Register tmp3,
+                                   int extraspace,
+                                   bool is_oop) {
+  if (bt == T_VOID) {
+    assert(prev_bt == T_LONG || prev_bt == T_DOUBLE, "missing half");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Say 4 args:
+  // i   st_off
+  // 0   32 T_LONG
+  // 1   24 T_VOID
+  // 2   16 T_OBJECT
+  // 3    8 T_BOOL
+  // -    0 return address
+  //
+  // However to make things extra confusing. Because we can fit a Java long/double in
+  // a single slot on a 64 bit vm and it would be silly to break them up, the interpreter
+  // leaves one slot empty and only stores to a single slot. In this case the
+  // slot that is occupied is the T_VOID slot. See I said it was confusing.
+
+  bool wide = (size_in_bytes == wordSize);
+  VMReg r_1 = reg_pair.first();
+  VMReg r_2 = reg_pair.second();
+  assert(r_2->is_valid() == wide, "invalid size");
+  if (!r_1->is_valid()) {
+    assert(!r_2->is_valid(), "");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (!r_1->is_FloatRegister()) {
+    Register val = r25;
+    if (r_1->is_stack()) {
+      // memory to memory use r25 (scratch registers are used by store_heap_oop)
+      int ld_off = r_1->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size + extraspace;
+      __ load_sized_value(val, Address(sp, ld_off), size_in_bytes, /* is_signed */ false);
+    } else {
+      val = r_1->as_Register();
+    }
+    assert_different_registers(to.base(), val, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3);
+    if (is_oop) {
+      // store_heap_oop transitively calls oop_store_at which corrupts to.base(). We need to keep it valid.
+      __ push(to.base(), sp);
+      __ store_heap_oop(to, val, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, IN_HEAP | ACCESS_WRITE | IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED);
+      __ pop(to.base(), sp);
+    } else {
+      __ store_sized_value(to, val, size_in_bytes);
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (wide) {
+      __ strd(r_1->as_FloatRegister(), to);
+    } else {
+      // only a float use just part of the slot
+      __ strs(r_1->as_FloatRegister(), to);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 static void gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
-                            int total_args_passed,
-                            int comp_args_on_stack,
-                            const BasicType *sig_bt,
+                            const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_extended,
                             const VMRegPair *regs,
-                            Label& skip_fixup) {
+                            bool requires_clinit_barrier,
+                            address& c2i_no_clinit_check_entry,
+                            Label& skip_fixup,
+                            address start,
+                            OopMapSet* oop_maps,
+                            int& frame_complete,
+                            int& frame_size_in_words,
+                            bool alloc_inline_receiver) {
+  if (requires_clinit_barrier) {
+    assert(VM_Version::supports_fast_class_init_checks(), "sanity");
+    Label L_skip_barrier;
+
+    { // Bypass the barrier for non-static methods
+      __ ldrh(rscratch1, Address(rmethod, Method::access_flags_offset()));
+      __ andsw(zr, rscratch1, JVM_ACC_STATIC);
+      __ br(Assembler::EQ, L_skip_barrier); // non-static
+    }
+
+    __ load_method_holder(rscratch2, rmethod);
+    __ clinit_barrier(rscratch2, rscratch1, &L_skip_barrier);
+    __ far_jump(RuntimeAddress(SharedRuntime::get_handle_wrong_method_stub()));
+
+    __ bind(L_skip_barrier);
+    c2i_no_clinit_check_entry = __ pc();
+  }
+
+  BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
+  bs->c2i_entry_barrier(masm);
+
   // Before we get into the guts of the C2I adapter, see if we should be here
   // at all.  We've come from compiled code and are attempting to jump to the
   // interpreter, which means the caller made a static call to get here
@@ -400,114 +615,184 @@ static void gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
 
   __ bind(skip_fixup);
 
-  int words_pushed = 0;
+  // Name some registers to be used in the following code. We can use
+  // anything except r0-r7 which are arguments in the Java calling
+  // convention, rmethod (r12), and r19 which holds the outgoing sender
+  // SP for the interpreter.
+  Register buf_array = r10;   // Array of buffered inline types
+  Register buf_oop = r11;     // Buffered inline type oop
+  Register tmp1 = r15;
+  Register tmp2 = r16;
+  Register tmp3 = r17;
 
-  // Since all args are passed on the stack, total_args_passed *
-  // Interpreter::stackElementSize is the space we need.
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  RegSet clobbered_gp_regs = MacroAssembler::call_clobbered_gp_registers();
+  assert(clobbered_gp_regs.contains(buf_array), "buf_array must be saved explicitly if it's not a clobber");
+  assert(clobbered_gp_regs.contains(buf_oop), "buf_oop must be saved explicitly if it's not a clobber");
+  assert(clobbered_gp_regs.contains(tmp1), "tmp1 must be saved explicitly if it's not a clobber");
+  assert(clobbered_gp_regs.contains(tmp2), "tmp2 must be saved explicitly if it's not a clobber");
+  assert(clobbered_gp_regs.contains(tmp3), "tmp3 must be saved explicitly if it's not a clobber");
+#endif
 
-  int extraspace = total_args_passed * Interpreter::stackElementSize;
+  if (InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs) {
+    // Is there an inline type argument?
+    bool has_inline_argument = false;
+    for (int i = 0; i < sig_extended->length() && !has_inline_argument; i++) {
+      has_inline_argument = (sig_extended->at(i)._bt == T_METADATA);
+    }
+    if (has_inline_argument) {
+      // There is at least a value type argument: we're coming from
+      // compiled code so we may not have buffers to back the value
+      // objects. Allocate the buffers here with a runtime call for
+      // the value arguments that needs a buffer.
+      RegisterSaver reg_save(true /* save_vectors */);
+      OopMap* map = reg_save.save_live_registers(masm, 0, &frame_size_in_words);
 
-  __ mov(r19_sender_sp, sp);
+      frame_complete = __ offset();
+      address the_pc = __ pc();
 
-  // stack is aligned, keep it that way
-  extraspace = align_up(extraspace, 2*wordSize);
+      Label retaddr;
+      __ set_last_Java_frame(sp, noreg, retaddr, rscratch1);
 
-  if (extraspace)
-    __ sub(sp, sp, extraspace);
+      __ mov(c_rarg0, rthread);
+      __ mov(c_rarg1, rmethod);
+      __ mov(c_rarg2, (int64_t)alloc_inline_receiver);
 
-  // Now write the args into the outgoing interpreter space
-  for (int i = 0; i < total_args_passed; i++) {
-    if (sig_bt[i] == T_VOID) {
-      assert(i > 0 && (sig_bt[i-1] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i-1] == T_DOUBLE), "missing half");
-      continue;
-    }
+      __ lea(rscratch1, RuntimeAddress(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, SharedRuntime::allocate_inline_types)));
+      __ blr(rscratch1);
+      __ bind(retaddr);
 
-    // offset to start parameters
-    int st_off   = (total_args_passed - i - 1) * Interpreter::stackElementSize;
-    int next_off = st_off - Interpreter::stackElementSize;
-
-    // Say 4 args:
-    // i   st_off
-    // 0   32 T_LONG
-    // 1   24 T_VOID
-    // 2   16 T_OBJECT
-    // 3    8 T_BOOL
-    // -    0 return address
-    //
-    // However to make thing extra confusing. Because we can fit a Java long/double in
-    // a single slot on a 64 bt vm and it would be silly to break them up, the interpreter
-    // leaves one slot empty and only stores to a single slot. In this case the
-    // slot that is occupied is the T_VOID slot. See I said it was confusing.
+      oop_maps->add_gc_map(__ pc() - start, map);
+      __ reset_last_Java_frame(false);
 
-    VMReg r_1 = regs[i].first();
-    VMReg r_2 = regs[i].second();
-    if (!r_1->is_valid()) {
-      assert(!r_2->is_valid(), "");
-      continue;
+      reg_save.restore_live_registers(masm);
+
+      Label no_exception;
+      __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(rthread, Thread::pending_exception_offset()));
+      __ cbz(rscratch1, no_exception);
+
+      __ str(zr, Address(rthread, JavaThread::vm_result_oop_offset()));
+      __ ldr(r0, Address(rthread, Thread::pending_exception_offset()));
+      __ far_jump(RuntimeAddress(StubRoutines::forward_exception_entry()));
+
+      __ bind(no_exception);
+
+      // We get an array of objects from the runtime call
+      __ get_vm_result_oop(buf_array, rthread);
     }
-    if (r_1->is_stack()) {
-      // memory to memory use rscratch1
-      int ld_off = (r_1->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size
-                    + extraspace
-                    + words_pushed * wordSize);
-      if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
-        // sign extend??
-        __ ldrw(rscratch1, Address(sp, ld_off));
-        __ str(rscratch1, Address(sp, st_off));
+  }
 
-      } else {
+  // Since all args are passed on the stack, total_args_passed *
+  // Interpreter::stackElementSize is the space we need.
 
-        __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(sp, ld_off));
+  int total_args_passed = compute_total_args_passed_int(sig_extended);
+  int extraspace = total_args_passed * Interpreter::stackElementSize;
 
-        // Two VMREgs|OptoRegs can be T_OBJECT, T_ADDRESS, T_DOUBLE, T_LONG
-        // T_DOUBLE and T_LONG use two slots in the interpreter
-        if ( sig_bt[i] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i] == T_DOUBLE) {
-          // ld_off == LSW, ld_off+wordSize == MSW
-          // st_off == MSW, next_off == LSW
-          __ str(rscratch1, Address(sp, next_off));
+  // stack is aligned, keep it that way
+  extraspace = align_up(extraspace, StackAlignmentInBytes);
+
+  // set senderSP value
+  __ mov(r19_sender_sp, sp);
+
+  __ sub(sp, sp, extraspace);
+
+  // Now write the args into the outgoing interpreter space
+
+  // next_arg_comp is the next argument from the compiler point of
+  // view (inline type fields are passed in registers/on the stack). In
+  // sig_extended, an inline type argument starts with: T_METADATA,
+  // followed by the types of the fields of the inline type and T_VOID
+  // to mark the end of the inline type. ignored counts the number of
+  // T_METADATA/T_VOID. next_vt_arg is the next inline type argument:
+  // used to get the buffer for that argument from the pool of buffers
+  // we allocated above and want to pass to the
+  // interpreter. next_arg_int is the next argument from the
+  // interpreter point of view (inline types are passed by reference).
+  for (int next_arg_comp = 0, ignored = 0, next_vt_arg = 0, next_arg_int = 0;
+       next_arg_comp < sig_extended->length(); next_arg_comp++) {
+    assert(ignored <= next_arg_comp, "shouldn't skip over more slots than there are arguments");
+    assert(next_arg_int <= total_args_passed, "more arguments for the interpreter than expected?");
+    BasicType bt = sig_extended->at(next_arg_comp)._bt;
+    int st_off = (total_args_passed - next_arg_int - 1) * Interpreter::stackElementSize;
+    if (!InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs || bt != T_METADATA) {
+      int next_off = st_off - Interpreter::stackElementSize;
+      const int offset = (bt == T_LONG || bt == T_DOUBLE) ? next_off : st_off;
+      const VMRegPair reg_pair = regs[next_arg_comp-ignored];
+      size_t size_in_bytes = reg_pair.second()->is_valid() ? 8 : 4;
+      gen_c2i_adapter_helper(masm, bt, next_arg_comp > 0 ? sig_extended->at(next_arg_comp-1)._bt : T_ILLEGAL,
+                             size_in_bytes, reg_pair, Address(sp, offset), tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, extraspace, false);
+      next_arg_int++;
 #ifdef ASSERT
-          // Overwrite the unused slot with known junk
-          __ mov(rscratch1, (uint64_t)0xdeadffffdeadaaaaull);
-          __ str(rscratch1, Address(sp, st_off));
-#endif /* ASSERT */
-        } else {
-          __ str(rscratch1, Address(sp, st_off));
-        }
+      if (bt == T_LONG || bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+        // Overwrite the unused slot with known junk
+        __ mov(rscratch1, CONST64(0xdeadffffdeadaaaa));
+        __ str(rscratch1, Address(sp, st_off));
       }
-    } else if (r_1->is_Register()) {
-      Register r = r_1->as_Register();
-      if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
-        // must be only an int (or less ) so move only 32bits to slot
-        // why not sign extend??
-        __ str(r, Address(sp, st_off));
-      } else {
-        // Two VMREgs|OptoRegs can be T_OBJECT, T_ADDRESS, T_DOUBLE, T_LONG
-        // T_DOUBLE and T_LONG use two slots in the interpreter
-        if ( sig_bt[i] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i] == T_DOUBLE) {
-          // jlong/double in gpr
-#ifdef ASSERT
-          // Overwrite the unused slot with known junk
-          __ mov(rscratch1, (uint64_t)0xdeadffffdeadaaabull);
-          __ str(rscratch1, Address(sp, st_off));
 #endif /* ASSERT */
-          __ str(r, Address(sp, next_off));
+    } else {
+      ignored++;
+      next_arg_int++;
+      int vt = 1;
+      // write fields we get from compiled code in registers/stack
+      // slots to the buffer: we know we are done with that inline type
+      // argument when we hit the T_VOID that acts as an end of inline
+      // type delimiter for this inline type. Inline types are flattened
+      // so we might encounter embedded inline types. Each entry in
+      // sig_extended contains a field offset in the buffer.
+      Label L_null;
+      Label not_null_buffer;
+      do {
+        next_arg_comp++;
+        BasicType bt = sig_extended->at(next_arg_comp)._bt;
+        BasicType prev_bt = sig_extended->at(next_arg_comp - 1)._bt;
+        if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+          vt++;
+          ignored++;
+        } else if (bt == T_VOID && prev_bt != T_LONG && prev_bt != T_DOUBLE) {
+          vt--;
+          ignored++;
+        } else if (sig_extended->at(next_arg_comp)._vt_oop) {
+          VMReg buffer = regs[next_arg_comp-ignored].first();
+          if (buffer->is_stack()) {
+            int ld_off = buffer->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size + extraspace;
+            __ ldr(buf_oop, Address(sp, ld_off));
+          } else {
+            __ mov(buf_oop, buffer->as_Register());
+          }
+          __ cbnz(buf_oop, not_null_buffer);
+          // get the buffer from the just allocated pool of buffers
+          int index = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT) + next_vt_arg * type2aelembytes(T_OBJECT);
+          __ load_heap_oop(buf_oop, Address(buf_array, index), rscratch1, tmp2);
+          next_vt_arg++;
         } else {
-          __ str(r, Address(sp, st_off));
+          int off = sig_extended->at(next_arg_comp)._offset;
+          if (off == -1) {
+            // Nullable inline type argument, emit null check
+            VMReg reg = regs[next_arg_comp-ignored].first();
+            Label L_notNull;
+            if (reg->is_stack()) {
+              int ld_off = reg->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size + extraspace;
+              __ ldrb(tmp1, Address(sp, ld_off));
+              __ cbnz(tmp1, L_notNull);
+            } else {
+              __ cbnz(reg->as_Register(), L_notNull);
+            }
+            __ str(zr, Address(sp, st_off));
+            __ b(L_null);
+            __ bind(L_notNull);
+            continue;
+          }
+          assert(off > 0, "offset in object should be positive");
+          size_t size_in_bytes = is_java_primitive(bt) ? type2aelembytes(bt) : wordSize;
+          bool is_oop = is_reference_type(bt);
+          gen_c2i_adapter_helper(masm, bt, next_arg_comp > 0 ? sig_extended->at(next_arg_comp-1)._bt : T_ILLEGAL,
+                                 size_in_bytes, regs[next_arg_comp-ignored], Address(buf_oop, off), tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, extraspace, is_oop);
         }
-      }
-    } else {
-      assert(r_1->is_FloatRegister(), "");
-      if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
-        // only a float use just part of the slot
-        __ strs(r_1->as_FloatRegister(), Address(sp, st_off));
-      } else {
-#ifdef ASSERT
-        // Overwrite the unused slot with known junk
-        __ mov(rscratch1, (uint64_t)0xdeadffffdeadaaacull);
-        __ str(rscratch1, Address(sp, st_off));
-#endif /* ASSERT */
-        __ strd(r_1->as_FloatRegister(), Address(sp, next_off));
-      }
+      } while (vt != 0);
+      // pass the buffer to the interpreter
+      __ bind(not_null_buffer);
+      __ str(buf_oop, Address(sp, st_off));
+      __ bind(L_null);
     }
   }
 
@@ -517,12 +802,8 @@ static void gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
   __ br(rscratch1);
 }
 
+void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm, int comp_args_on_stack, const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, const VMRegPair *regs) {
 
-void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
-                                    int total_args_passed,
-                                    int comp_args_on_stack,
-                                    const BasicType *sig_bt,
-                                    const VMRegPair *regs) {
 
   // Note: r19_sender_sp contains the senderSP on entry. We must
   // preserve it since we may do a i2c -> c2i transition if we lose a
@@ -551,29 +832,32 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
   // caller, but with an uncorrected stack, causing delayed havoc.
 
   // Cut-out for having no stack args.
-  int comp_words_on_stack = align_up(comp_args_on_stack*VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size, wordSize)>>LogBytesPerWord;
+  int comp_words_on_stack = 0;
   if (comp_args_on_stack) {
-    __ sub(rscratch1, sp, comp_words_on_stack * wordSize);
-    __ andr(sp, rscratch1, -16);
+     comp_words_on_stack = align_up(comp_args_on_stack * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size, wordSize) >> LogBytesPerWord;
+     __ sub(rscratch1, sp, comp_words_on_stack * wordSize);
+     __ andr(sp, rscratch1, -16);
   }
 
   // Will jump to the compiled code just as if compiled code was doing it.
   // Pre-load the register-jump target early, to schedule it better.
-  __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(rmethod, in_bytes(Method::from_compiled_offset())));
+  __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(rmethod, in_bytes(Method::from_compiled_inline_offset())));
+
+  int total_args_passed = sig->length();
 
   // Now generate the shuffle code.
   for (int i = 0; i < total_args_passed; i++) {
-    if (sig_bt[i] == T_VOID) {
-      assert(i > 0 && (sig_bt[i-1] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i-1] == T_DOUBLE), "missing half");
+    BasicType bt = sig->at(i)._bt;
+    if (bt == T_VOID) {
+      assert(i > 0 && (sig->at(i - 1)._bt == T_LONG || sig->at(i - 1)._bt == T_DOUBLE), "missing half");
       continue;
     }
 
     // Pick up 0, 1 or 2 words from SP+offset.
+    assert(!regs[i].second()->is_valid() || regs[i].first()->next() == regs[i].second(), "scrambled load targets?");
 
-    assert(!regs[i].second()->is_valid() || regs[i].first()->next() == regs[i].second(),
-            "scrambled load targets?");
     // Load in argument order going down.
-    int ld_off = (total_args_passed - i - 1)*Interpreter::stackElementSize;
+    int ld_off = (total_args_passed - i - 1) * Interpreter::stackElementSize;
     // Point to interpreter value (vs. tag)
     int next_off = ld_off - Interpreter::stackElementSize;
     //
@@ -587,7 +871,7 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
     }
     if (r_1->is_stack()) {
       // Convert stack slot to an SP offset (+ wordSize to account for return address )
-      int st_off = regs[i].first()->reg2stack()*VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
+      int st_off = regs[i].first()->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
       if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
         // sign extend???
         __ ldrsw(rscratch2, Address(esp, ld_off));
@@ -604,39 +888,37 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
         // are accessed as negative so LSW is at LOW address
 
         // ld_off is MSW so get LSW
-        const int offset = (sig_bt[i]==T_LONG||sig_bt[i]==T_DOUBLE)?
-                           next_off : ld_off;
+        const int offset = (bt == T_LONG || bt == T_DOUBLE) ? next_off : ld_off;
         __ ldr(rscratch2, Address(esp, offset));
         // st_off is LSW (i.e. reg.first())
-        __ str(rscratch2, Address(sp, st_off));
-      }
-    } else if (r_1->is_Register()) {  // Register argument
-      Register r = r_1->as_Register();
-      if (r_2->is_valid()) {
-        //
-        // We are using two VMRegs. This can be either T_OBJECT,
-        // T_ADDRESS, T_LONG, or T_DOUBLE the interpreter allocates
-        // two slots but only uses one for thr T_LONG or T_DOUBLE case
-        // So we must adjust where to pick up the data to match the
-        // interpreter.
-
-        const int offset = (sig_bt[i]==T_LONG||sig_bt[i]==T_DOUBLE)?
-                           next_off : ld_off;
-
-        // this can be a misaligned move
-        __ ldr(r, Address(esp, offset));
-      } else {
-        // sign extend and use a full word?
-        __ ldrw(r, Address(esp, ld_off));
-      }
-    } else {
-      if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
-        __ ldrs(r_1->as_FloatRegister(), Address(esp, ld_off));
-      } else {
-        __ ldrd(r_1->as_FloatRegister(), Address(esp, next_off));
-      }
-    }
-  }
+         __ str(rscratch2, Address(sp, st_off));
+       }
+     } else if (r_1->is_Register()) {  // Register argument
+       Register r = r_1->as_Register();
+       if (r_2->is_valid()) {
+         //
+         // We are using two VMRegs. This can be either T_OBJECT,
+         // T_ADDRESS, T_LONG, or T_DOUBLE the interpreter allocates
+         // two slots but only uses one for thr T_LONG or T_DOUBLE case
+         // So we must adjust where to pick up the data to match the
+         // interpreter.
+
+        const int offset = (bt == T_LONG || bt == T_DOUBLE) ? next_off : ld_off;
+
+         // this can be a misaligned move
+         __ ldr(r, Address(esp, offset));
+       } else {
+         // sign extend and use a full word?
+         __ ldrw(r, Address(esp, ld_off));
+       }
+     } else {
+       if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
+         __ ldrs(r_1->as_FloatRegister(), Address(esp, ld_off));
+       } else {
+         __ ldrd(r_1->as_FloatRegister(), Address(esp, next_off));
+       }
+     }
+   }
 
   __ mov(rscratch2, rscratch1);
   __ push_cont_fastpath(rthread); // Set JavaThread::_cont_fastpath to the sp of the oldest interpreted frame we know about; kills rscratch1
@@ -657,23 +939,34 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
   __ br(rscratch1);
 }
 
-// ---------------------------------------------------------------
-void SharedRuntime::generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler *masm,
-                                            int total_args_passed,
-                                            int comp_args_on_stack,
-                                            const BasicType *sig_bt,
-                                            const VMRegPair *regs,
-                                            address entry_address[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT]) {
-  entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C] = __ pc();
+static void gen_inline_cache_check(MacroAssembler *masm, Label& skip_fixup) {
+  Register data = rscratch2;
+  __ ic_check(1 /* end_alignment */);
+  __ ldr(rmethod, Address(data, CompiledICData::speculated_method_offset()));
 
-  gen_i2c_adapter(masm, total_args_passed, comp_args_on_stack, sig_bt, regs);
+  // Method might have been compiled since the call site was patched to
+  // interpreted; if that is the case treat it as a miss so we can get
+  // the call site corrected.
+  __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(rmethod, in_bytes(Method::code_offset())));
+  __ cbz(rscratch1, skip_fixup);
+  __ far_jump(RuntimeAddress(SharedRuntime::get_ic_miss_stub()));
+}
 
-  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified] = __ pc();
-  Label skip_fixup;
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+void SharedRuntime::generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler* masm,
+                                            int comp_args_on_stack,
+                                            const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig,
+                                            const VMRegPair* regs,
+                                            const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_cc,
+                                            const VMRegPair* regs_cc,
+                                            const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_cc_ro,
+                                            const VMRegPair* regs_cc_ro,
+                                            address entry_address[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT],
+                                            AdapterBlob*& new_adapter,
+                                            bool allocate_code_blob) {
 
-  Register data = rscratch2;
-  Register receiver = j_rarg0;
-  Register tmp = r10;  // A call-clobbered register not used for arg passing
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C] = __ pc();
+  gen_i2c_adapter(masm, comp_args_on_stack, sig, regs);
 
   // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
   // Generate a C2I adapter.  On entry we know rmethod holds the Method* during calls
@@ -684,44 +977,52 @@ void SharedRuntime::generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler *masm,
   // On exit from the interpreter, the interpreter will restore our SP (lest the
   // compiled code, which relies solely on SP and not FP, get sick).
 
-  {
-    __ block_comment("c2i_unverified_entry {");
-    // Method might have been compiled since the call site was patched to
-    // interpreted; if that is the case treat it as a miss so we can get
-    // the call site corrected.
-    __ ic_check(1 /* end_alignment */);
-    __ ldr(rmethod, Address(data, CompiledICData::speculated_method_offset()));
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified] = __ pc();
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified_Inline] = __ pc();
+  Label skip_fixup;
 
-    __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(rmethod, in_bytes(Method::code_offset())));
-    __ cbz(rscratch1, skip_fixup);
-    __ far_jump(RuntimeAddress(SharedRuntime::get_ic_miss_stub()));
-    __ block_comment("} c2i_unverified_entry");
-  }
+  gen_inline_cache_check(masm, skip_fixup);
 
-  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I] = __ pc();
+  OopMapSet* oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+  int frame_complete = CodeOffsets::frame_never_safe;
+  int frame_size_in_words = 0;
 
-  // Class initialization barrier for static methods
+  // Scalarized c2i adapter with non-scalarized receiver (i.e., don't pack receiver)
   entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check] = nullptr;
-  assert(VM_Version::supports_fast_class_init_checks(), "sanity");
-  Label L_skip_barrier;
-
-  // Bypass the barrier for non-static methods
-  __ ldrh(rscratch1, Address(rmethod, Method::access_flags_offset()));
-  __ andsw(zr, rscratch1, JVM_ACC_STATIC);
-  __ br(Assembler::EQ, L_skip_barrier); // non-static
-
-  __ load_method_holder(rscratch2, rmethod);
-  __ clinit_barrier(rscratch2, rscratch1, &L_skip_barrier);
-  __ far_jump(RuntimeAddress(SharedRuntime::get_handle_wrong_method_stub()));
-
-  __ bind(L_skip_barrier);
-  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check] = __ pc();
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Inline_RO] = __ pc();
+  if (regs_cc != regs_cc_ro) {
+    // No class init barrier needed because method is guaranteed to be non-static
+    gen_c2i_adapter(masm, sig_cc_ro, regs_cc_ro, /* requires_clinit_barrier = */ false, entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check],
+                    skip_fixup, entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C], oop_maps, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, /* alloc_inline_receiver = */ false);
+    skip_fixup.reset();
+  }
 
-  BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
-  bs->c2i_entry_barrier(masm);
+  // Scalarized c2i adapter
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I]        = __ pc();
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Inline] = __ pc();
+  gen_c2i_adapter(masm, sig_cc, regs_cc, /* requires_clinit_barrier = */ true, entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check],
+                  skip_fixup, entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C], oop_maps, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, /* alloc_inline_receiver = */ true);
+
+  // Non-scalarized c2i adapter
+  if (regs != regs_cc) {
+    entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified_Inline] = __ pc();
+    Label inline_entry_skip_fixup;
+    gen_inline_cache_check(masm, inline_entry_skip_fixup);
+
+    entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Inline] = __ pc();
+    gen_c2i_adapter(masm, sig, regs, /* requires_clinit_barrier = */ true, entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check],
+                    inline_entry_skip_fixup, entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C], oop_maps, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, /* alloc_inline_receiver = */ false);
+  }
 
-  gen_c2i_adapter(masm, total_args_passed, comp_args_on_stack, sig_bt, regs, skip_fixup);
-  return;
+  // The c2i adapters might safepoint and trigger a GC. The caller must make sure that
+  // the GC knows about the location of oop argument locations passed to the c2i adapter.
+  if (allocate_code_blob) {
+    bool caller_must_gc_arguments = (regs != regs_cc);
+    int entry_offset[AdapterHandlerEntry::ENTRIES_COUNT];
+    assert(AdapterHandlerEntry::ENTRIES_COUNT == 7, "sanity");
+    AdapterHandlerLibrary::address_to_offset(entry_address, entry_offset);
+    new_adapter = AdapterBlob::create(masm->code(), entry_offset, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, oop_maps, caller_must_gc_arguments);
+  }
 }
 
 static int c_calling_convention_priv(const BasicType *sig_bt,
@@ -2620,6 +2921,156 @@ RuntimeStub* SharedRuntime::generate_resolve_blob(StubId id, address destination
   return rs_blob;
 }
 
+BufferedInlineTypeBlob* SharedRuntime::generate_buffered_inline_type_adapter(const InlineKlass* vk) {
+  BufferBlob* buf = BufferBlob::create("inline types pack/unpack", 16 * K);
+  if (buf == nullptr) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  CodeBuffer buffer(buf);
+  short buffer_locs[20];
+  buffer.insts()->initialize_shared_locs((relocInfo*)buffer_locs,
+                                         sizeof(buffer_locs)/sizeof(relocInfo));
+
+  MacroAssembler _masm(&buffer);
+  MacroAssembler* masm = &_masm;
+
+  const Array<SigEntry>* sig_vk = vk->extended_sig();
+  const Array<VMRegPair>* regs = vk->return_regs();
+
+  int pack_fields_jobject_off = __ offset();
+  // Resolve pre-allocated buffer from JNI handle.
+  // We cannot do this in generate_call_stub() because it requires GC code to be initialized.
+  Register Rresult = r14;  // See StubGenerator::generate_call_stub().
+  __ ldr(r0, Address(Rresult));
+  __ resolve_jobject(r0 /* value */,
+                     rthread /* thread */,
+                     r12 /* tmp */);
+  __ str(r0, Address(Rresult));
+
+  int pack_fields_off = __ offset();
+
+  int j = 1;
+  for (int i = 0; i < sig_vk->length(); i++) {
+    BasicType bt = sig_vk->at(i)._bt;
+    if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (bt == T_VOID) {
+      if (sig_vk->at(i-1)._bt == T_LONG ||
+          sig_vk->at(i-1)._bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+        j++;
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+    int off = sig_vk->at(i)._offset;
+    VMRegPair pair = regs->at(j);
+    VMReg r_1 = pair.first();
+    VMReg r_2 = pair.second();
+    Address to(r0, off);
+    if (bt == T_FLOAT) {
+      __ strs(r_1->as_FloatRegister(), to);
+    } else if (bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+      __ strd(r_1->as_FloatRegister(), to);
+    } else {
+      Register val = r_1->as_Register();
+      assert_different_registers(to.base(), val, r15, r16, r17);
+      if (is_reference_type(bt)) {
+        // store_heap_oop transitively calls oop_store_at which corrupts to.base(). We need to keep r0 valid.
+        __ mov(r17, r0);
+        Address to_with_r17(r17, off);
+        __ store_heap_oop(to_with_r17, val, r15, r16, r17, IN_HEAP | ACCESS_WRITE | IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED);
+      } else {
+        __ store_sized_value(to, r_1->as_Register(), type2aelembytes(bt));
+      }
+    }
+    j++;
+  }
+  assert(j == regs->length(), "missed a field?");
+  if (vk->supports_nullable_layouts()) {
+    // Zero the null marker (setting it to 1 would be better but would require an additional register)
+    __ strb(zr, Address(r0, vk->null_marker_offset()));
+  }
+  __ ret(lr);
+
+  int unpack_fields_off = __ offset();
+
+  Label skip;
+  Label not_null;
+  __ cbnz(r0, not_null);
+
+  // Return value is null. Zero all registers because the runtime requires a canonical
+  // representation of a flat null.
+  j = 1;
+  for (int i = 0; i < sig_vk->length(); i++) {
+    BasicType bt = sig_vk->at(i)._bt;
+    if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (bt == T_VOID) {
+      if (sig_vk->at(i-1)._bt == T_LONG ||
+          sig_vk->at(i-1)._bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+        j++;
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    VMRegPair pair = regs->at(j);
+    VMReg r_1 = pair.first();
+    if (r_1->is_FloatRegister()) {
+      __ mov(r_1->as_FloatRegister(), Assembler::T2S, 0);
+    } else {
+      __ mov(r_1->as_Register(), zr);
+    }
+    j++;
+  }
+  __ b(skip);
+  __ bind(not_null);
+
+  j = 1;
+  for (int i = 0; i < sig_vk->length(); i++) {
+    BasicType bt = sig_vk->at(i)._bt;
+    if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (bt == T_VOID) {
+      if (sig_vk->at(i-1)._bt == T_LONG ||
+          sig_vk->at(i-1)._bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+        j++;
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+    int off = sig_vk->at(i)._offset;
+    assert(off > 0, "offset in object should be positive");
+    VMRegPair pair = regs->at(j);
+    VMReg r_1 = pair.first();
+    VMReg r_2 = pair.second();
+    Address from(r0, off);
+    if (bt == T_FLOAT) {
+      __ ldrs(r_1->as_FloatRegister(), from);
+    } else if (bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+      __ ldrd(r_1->as_FloatRegister(), from);
+    } else if (bt == T_OBJECT || bt == T_ARRAY) {
+      assert_different_registers(r0, r_1->as_Register());
+      __ load_heap_oop(r_1->as_Register(), from, rscratch1, rscratch2);
+    } else {
+      assert(is_java_primitive(bt), "unexpected basic type");
+      assert_different_registers(r0, r_1->as_Register());
+      size_t size_in_bytes = type2aelembytes(bt);
+      __ load_sized_value(r_1->as_Register(), from, size_in_bytes, bt != T_CHAR && bt != T_BOOLEAN);
+    }
+    j++;
+  }
+  assert(j == regs->length(), "missed a field?");
+
+  __ bind(skip);
+
+  __ ret(lr);
+
+  __ flush();
+
+  return BufferedInlineTypeBlob::create(&buffer, pack_fields_off, pack_fields_jobject_off, unpack_fields_off);
+}
+
 // Continuation point for throwing of implicit exceptions that are
 // not handled in the current activation. Fabricates an exception
 // oop and initiates normal exception dispatching in this
@@ -2730,6 +3181,151 @@ RuntimeStub* SharedRuntime::generate_throw_exception(StubId id, address runtime_
   return stub;
 }
 
+// Call here from the interpreter or compiled code to store returned
+// values to a newly allocated inline type instance.
+RuntimeStub* SharedRuntime::generate_return_value_stub(address destination) {
+  StubId id = StubId::shared_store_inline_type_fields_to_buf_id;
+
+  const char* name = SharedRuntime::stub_name(id);
+  CodeBlob* blob = AOTCodeCache::load_code_blob(AOTCodeEntry::SharedBlob, StubInfo::blob(id));
+  if (blob != nullptr) {
+    return blob->as_runtime_stub();
+  }
+
+  // We need to save all registers the calling convention may use so
+  // the runtime calls read or update those registers. This needs to
+  // be in sync with SharedRuntime::java_return_convention().
+  // n.b. aarch64 asserts that frame::arg_reg_save_area_bytes == 0
+  enum layout {
+    j_rarg7_off = 0, j_rarg7_2,    // j_rarg7 is r0
+    j_rarg6_off, j_rarg6_2,
+    j_rarg5_off, j_rarg5_2,
+    j_rarg4_off, j_rarg4_2,
+    j_rarg3_off, j_rarg3_2,
+    j_rarg2_off, j_rarg2_2,
+    j_rarg1_off, j_rarg1_2,
+    j_rarg0_off, j_rarg0_2,
+
+    j_farg7_off, j_farg7_2,
+    j_farg6_off, j_farg6_2,
+    j_farg5_off, j_farg5_2,
+    j_farg4_off, j_farg4_2,
+    j_farg3_off, j_farg3_2,
+    j_farg2_off, j_farg2_2,
+    j_farg1_off, j_farg1_2,
+    j_farg0_off, j_farg0_2,
+
+    rfp_off, rfp_off2,
+    return_off, return_off2,
+
+    framesize // inclusive of return address
+  };
+
+
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  CodeBuffer code(name, 512, 64);
+  MacroAssembler* masm = new MacroAssembler(&code);
+
+  int frame_size_in_bytes = align_up(framesize*BytesPerInt, 16);
+  assert(frame_size_in_bytes == framesize*BytesPerInt, "misaligned");
+  int frame_size_in_slots = frame_size_in_bytes / BytesPerInt;
+  int frame_size_in_words = frame_size_in_bytes / wordSize;
+
+  OopMapSet* oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+  OopMap* map = new OopMap(frame_size_in_slots, 0);
+
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_rarg7_off), j_rarg7->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_rarg6_off), j_rarg6->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_rarg5_off), j_rarg5->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_rarg4_off), j_rarg4->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_rarg3_off), j_rarg3->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_rarg2_off), j_rarg2->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_rarg1_off), j_rarg1->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_rarg0_off), j_rarg0->as_VMReg());
+
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_farg0_off), j_farg0->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_farg1_off), j_farg1->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_farg2_off), j_farg2->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_farg3_off), j_farg3->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_farg4_off), j_farg4->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_farg5_off), j_farg5->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_farg6_off), j_farg6->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_farg7_off), j_farg7->as_VMReg());
+
+  address start = __ pc();
+
+  __ enter(); // Save FP and LR before call
+
+  __ stpd(j_farg1, j_farg0, Address(__ pre(sp, -2 * wordSize)));
+  __ stpd(j_farg3, j_farg2, Address(__ pre(sp, -2 * wordSize)));
+  __ stpd(j_farg5, j_farg4, Address(__ pre(sp, -2 * wordSize)));
+  __ stpd(j_farg7, j_farg6, Address(__ pre(sp, -2 * wordSize)));
+
+  __ stp(j_rarg1, j_rarg0, Address(__ pre(sp, -2 * wordSize)));
+  __ stp(j_rarg3, j_rarg2, Address(__ pre(sp, -2 * wordSize)));
+  __ stp(j_rarg5, j_rarg4, Address(__ pre(sp, -2 * wordSize)));
+  __ stp(j_rarg7, j_rarg6, Address(__ pre(sp, -2 * wordSize)));
+
+  int frame_complete = __ offset();
+
+  // Set up last_Java_sp and last_Java_fp
+  address the_pc = __ pc();
+  __ set_last_Java_frame(sp, noreg, the_pc, rscratch1);
+
+  // Call runtime
+  __ mov(c_rarg1, r0);
+  __ mov(c_rarg0, rthread);
+
+  __ lea(rscratch1, ExternalAddress(destination));
+  __ blr(rscratch1);
+
+  oop_maps->add_gc_map(the_pc - start, map);
+
+  __ reset_last_Java_frame(false);
+
+  __ ldp(j_rarg7, j_rarg6, Address(__ post(sp, 2 * wordSize)));
+  __ ldp(j_rarg5, j_rarg4, Address(__ post(sp, 2 * wordSize)));
+  __ ldp(j_rarg3, j_rarg2, Address(__ post(sp, 2 * wordSize)));
+  __ ldp(j_rarg1, j_rarg0, Address(__ post(sp, 2 * wordSize)));
+
+  __ ldpd(j_farg7, j_farg6, Address(__ post(sp, 2 * wordSize)));
+  __ ldpd(j_farg5, j_farg4, Address(__ post(sp, 2 * wordSize)));
+  __ ldpd(j_farg3, j_farg2, Address(__ post(sp, 2 * wordSize)));
+  __ ldpd(j_farg1, j_farg0, Address(__ post(sp, 2 * wordSize)));
+
+  // check for pending exceptions
+  Label pending;
+  __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(rthread, in_bytes(Thread::pending_exception_offset())));
+  __ cbnz(rscratch1, pending);
+
+  // We just called SharedRuntime::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf. Check if we still
+  // need to initialize the buffer and if so, call the inline class specific pack handler.
+  Label skip_pack;
+  __ get_vm_result_oop(r0, rthread);
+  __ get_vm_result_metadata(rscratch1, rthread);
+  __ cbz(rscratch1, skip_pack);
+  __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(rscratch1, InlineKlass::adr_members_offset()));
+  __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(rscratch1, InlineKlass::pack_handler_offset()));
+  __ blr(rscratch1);
+  __ membar(Assembler::StoreStore);
+  __ bind(skip_pack);
+
+  __ leave();
+  __ ret(lr);
+
+  __ bind(pending);
+  __ leave();
+  __ far_jump(RuntimeAddress(StubRoutines::forward_exception_entry()));
+
+  // -------------
+  // make sure all code is generated
+  masm->flush();
+
+  RuntimeStub* stub = RuntimeStub::new_runtime_stub(name, &code, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, oop_maps, false);
+  AOTCodeCache::store_code_blob(*stub, AOTCodeEntry::SharedBlob, StubInfo::blob(id));
+  return stub;
+}
+
 #if INCLUDE_JFR
 
 static void jfr_prologue(address the_pc, MacroAssembler* masm, Register thread) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stackChunkFrameStream_aarch64.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stackChunkFrameStream_aarch64.inline.hpp
index 18c24ad0543..6c68d177b29 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stackChunkFrameStream_aarch64.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stackChunkFrameStream_aarch64.inline.hpp
@@ -35,8 +35,30 @@ template <ChunkFrames frame_kind>
 inline bool StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::is_in_frame(void* p0) const {
   assert(!is_done(), "");
   intptr_t* p = (intptr_t*)p0;
-  int argsize = is_compiled() ? (_cb->as_nmethod()->num_stack_arg_slots() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size) >> LogBytesPerWord : 0;
-  int frame_size = _cb->frame_size() + argsize;
+  int frame_size = _cb->frame_size();
+  if (is_compiled()) {
+    nmethod* nm = _cb->as_nmethod_or_null();
+    if (nm->needs_stack_repair() && nm->is_compiled_by_c2()) {
+      frame f = to_frame();
+      bool augmented = f.was_augmented_on_entry(frame_size);
+      if (!augmented) {
+        // Fix: C2 caller, so frame was not extended and thus the
+        // size read from the frame does not include the arguments.
+        // Ideally we have to count the arg size for the scalarized
+        // convention. For now we include the size of the caller frame
+        // which would at least be equal to that.
+        RegisterMap map(nullptr,
+                        RegisterMap::UpdateMap::skip,
+                        RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::skip,
+                        RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::skip);
+        frame caller = to_frame().sender(&map);
+        assert(caller.is_compiled_frame() && caller.cb()->as_nmethod()->is_compiled_by_c2(), "needs stack repair but was not extended with c1/interpreter caller");
+        frame_size += (caller.real_fp() - caller.sp());
+      }
+    } else {
+      frame_size += _cb->as_nmethod()->num_stack_arg_slots() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size >> LogBytesPerWord;
+    }
+  }
   return p == sp() - frame::sender_sp_offset || ((p - unextended_sp()) >= 0 && (p - unextended_sp()) < frame_size);
 }
 #endif
@@ -46,7 +68,13 @@ inline frame StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::to_frame() const {
   if (is_done()) {
     return frame(_sp, _sp, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, true);
   } else {
-    return frame(sp(), unextended_sp(), fp(), pc(), cb(), _oopmap, true);
+    frame f = frame(sp(), unextended_sp(), fp(), pc(), cb(), _oopmap, true);
+    // If caller tries to get the sender of this frame and PreserveFramePointer
+    // is set, fp() will be used which contains the old value at the time of
+    // freeze (fp is reconstructed again during thaw). Setting sp as trusted
+    // causes the sender code to use _unextended_sp instead (see sender_for_compiled_frame()).
+    f.set_sp_is_trusted();
+    return f;
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
index 03eb5084eb4..c63f456e521 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
@@ -504,20 +504,25 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     // T_OBJECT, T_LONG, T_FLOAT or T_DOUBLE is treated as T_INT)
     // n.b. this assumes Java returns an integral result in r0
     // and a floating result in j_farg0
-    __ ldr(j_rarg2, result);
-    Label is_long, is_float, is_double, exit;
-    __ ldr(j_rarg1, result_type);
-    __ cmp(j_rarg1, (u1)T_OBJECT);
+    // All of j_rargN may be used to return inline type fields so be careful
+    // not to clobber those.
+    // SharedRuntime::generate_buffered_inline_type_adapter() knows the register
+    // assignment of Rresult below.
+    Register Rresult = r14, Rresult_type = r15;
+    __ ldr(Rresult, result);
+    Label is_long, is_float, is_double, check_prim, exit;
+    __ ldr(Rresult_type, result_type);
+    __ cmp(Rresult_type, (u1)T_OBJECT);
+    __ br(Assembler::EQ, check_prim);
+    __ cmp(Rresult_type, (u1)T_LONG);
     __ br(Assembler::EQ, is_long);
-    __ cmp(j_rarg1, (u1)T_LONG);
-    __ br(Assembler::EQ, is_long);
-    __ cmp(j_rarg1, (u1)T_FLOAT);
+    __ cmp(Rresult_type, (u1)T_FLOAT);
     __ br(Assembler::EQ, is_float);
-    __ cmp(j_rarg1, (u1)T_DOUBLE);
+    __ cmp(Rresult_type, (u1)T_DOUBLE);
     __ br(Assembler::EQ, is_double);
 
     // handle T_INT case
-    __ strw(r0, Address(j_rarg2));
+    __ strw(r0, Address(Rresult));
 
     __ BIND(exit);
 
@@ -569,17 +574,28 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ ret(lr);
 
     // handle return types different from T_INT
+    __ BIND(check_prim);
+    if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+      // Check for scalarized return value
+      __ tbz(r0, 0, is_long);
+      // Load pack handler address
+      __ andr(rscratch1, r0, -2);
+      __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(rscratch1, InlineKlass::adr_members_offset()));
+      __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(rscratch1, InlineKlass::pack_handler_jobject_offset()));
+      __ blr(rscratch1);
+      __ b(exit);
+    }
 
     __ BIND(is_long);
-    __ str(r0, Address(j_rarg2, 0));
+    __ str(r0, Address(Rresult, 0));
     __ br(Assembler::AL, exit);
 
     __ BIND(is_float);
-    __ strs(j_farg0, Address(j_rarg2, 0));
+    __ strs(j_farg0, Address(Rresult, 0));
     __ br(Assembler::AL, exit);
 
     __ BIND(is_double);
-    __ strd(j_farg0, Address(j_rarg2, 0));
+    __ strd(j_farg0, Address(Rresult, 0));
     __ br(Assembler::AL, exit);
 
     // record the stub entry and end plus the auxiliary entry
@@ -2607,6 +2623,12 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ eor(rscratch2, rscratch2, scratch_src_klass);
     __ cbnz(rscratch2, L_failed);
 
+    // Check for flat inline type array -> return -1
+    __ test_flat_array_oop(src, rscratch2, L_failed);
+
+    // Check for null-free (non-flat) inline type array -> handle as object array
+    __ test_null_free_array_oop(src, rscratch2, L_objArray);
+
     //  if (!src->is_Array()) return -1;
     __ tbz(lh, 31, L_failed);  // i.e. (lh >= 0)
 
@@ -12398,6 +12420,30 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   }
 #endif // LINUX
 
+  static void save_return_registers(MacroAssembler* masm) {
+    if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+      masm->push(RegSet::range(r0, r7), sp);
+      masm->sub(sp, sp, 4 * wordSize);
+      masm->st1(v0, v1, v2, v3, masm->T1D, Address(sp));
+      masm->sub(sp, sp, 4 * wordSize);
+      masm->st1(v4, v5, v6, v7, masm->T1D, Address(sp));
+    } else {
+      masm->fmovd(rscratch1, v0);
+      masm->stp(rscratch1, r0, Address(masm->pre(sp, -2 * wordSize)));
+    }
+  }
+
+  static void restore_return_registers(MacroAssembler* masm) {
+    if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+      masm->ld1(v4, v5, v6, v7, masm->T1D, Address(masm->post(sp, 4 * wordSize)));
+      masm->ld1(v0, v1, v2, v3, masm->T1D, Address(masm->post(sp, 4 * wordSize)));
+      masm->pop(RegSet::range(r0, r7), sp);
+    } else {
+      masm->ldp(rscratch1, r0, Address(masm->post(sp, 2 * wordSize)));
+      masm->fmovd(v0, rscratch1);
+    }
+  }
+
   address generate_cont_thaw(Continuation::thaw_kind kind) {
     bool return_barrier = Continuation::is_thaw_return_barrier(kind);
     bool return_barrier_exception = Continuation::is_thaw_return_barrier_exception(kind);
@@ -12412,8 +12458,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
     if (return_barrier) {
       // preserve possible return value from a method returning to the return barrier
-      __ fmovd(rscratch1, v0);
-      __ stp(rscratch1, r0, Address(__ pre(sp, -2 * wordSize)));
+      save_return_registers(_masm);
     }
 
     __ movw(c_rarg1, (return_barrier ? 1 : 0));
@@ -12422,8 +12467,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
     if (return_barrier) {
       // restore return value (no safepoint in the call to thaw, so even an oop return value should be OK)
-      __ ldp(rscratch1, r0, Address(__ post(sp, 2 * wordSize)));
-      __ fmovd(v0, rscratch1);
+      restore_return_registers(_masm);
     }
     assert_asm(_masm, (__ ldr(rscratch1, Address(rthread, JavaThread::cont_entry_offset())), __ cmp(sp, rscratch1)), Assembler::EQ, "incorrect sp");
 
@@ -12442,8 +12486,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
     if (return_barrier) {
       // save original return value -- again
-      __ fmovd(rscratch1, v0);
-      __ stp(rscratch1, r0, Address(__ pre(sp, -2 * wordSize)));
+      save_return_registers(_masm);
     }
 
     // If we want, we can templatize thaw by kind, and have three different entries
@@ -12454,8 +12497,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
     if (return_barrier) {
       // restore return value (no safepoint in the call to thaw, so even an oop return value should be OK)
-      __ ldp(rscratch1, r0, Address(__ post(sp, 2 * wordSize)));
-      __ fmovd(v0, rscratch1);
+      restore_return_registers(_masm);
     } else {
       __ mov(r0, zr); // return 0 (success) from doYield
     }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/templateInterpreterGenerator_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/templateInterpreterGenerator_aarch64.cpp
index fd6247bf362..dacb47d1594 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/templateInterpreterGenerator_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/templateInterpreterGenerator_aarch64.cpp
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
 #include "oops/methodCounters.hpp"
 #include "oops/methodData.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/resolvedIndyEntry.hpp"
 #include "oops/resolvedMethodEntry.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
@@ -467,6 +468,11 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_return_entry_for(TosState state,
   __ lea(esp, Address(rfp, rscratch1, Address::lsl(Interpreter::logStackElementSize)));
   // and null it as marker that esp is now tos until next java call
   __ str(zr, Address(rfp, frame::interpreter_frame_last_sp_offset * wordSize));
+
+  if (state == atos && InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+    __ store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(nullptr, true);
+  }
+
   __ restore_bcp();
   __ restore_locals();
   __ restore_constant_pool_cache();
@@ -1633,7 +1639,7 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_native_entry(bool synchronized) {
 //
 // Generic interpreted method entry to (asm) interpreter
 //
-address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_normal_entry(bool synchronized) {
+address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_normal_entry(bool synchronized, bool object_init) {
   // determine code generation flags
   bool inc_counter  = UseCompiler || CountCompiledCalls;
 
@@ -1760,6 +1766,12 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_normal_entry(bool synchronized) {
 #endif
   }
 
+  // Issue a StoreStore barrier on entry to Object_init if the
+  // class has strict field fields.  Be lazy, always do it.
+  if (object_init) {
+    __ membar(MacroAssembler::StoreStore);
+  }
+
   // start execution
 #ifdef ASSERT
   {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/templateTable_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/templateTable_aarch64.cpp
index a0ce1d04317..518b641e26e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/templateTable_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/templateTable_aarch64.cpp
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
 #include "oops/resolvedMethodEntry.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
 #include "prims/methodHandles.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
@@ -169,6 +170,7 @@ void TemplateTable::patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::Code bc, Register bc_reg,
   Label L_patch_done;
 
   switch (bc) {
+  case Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield:
   case Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield:
   case Bytecodes::_fast_bputfield:
   case Bytecodes::_fast_zputfield:
@@ -753,7 +755,7 @@ void TemplateTable::index_check(Register array, Register index)
   }
   Label ok;
   __ br(Assembler::LO, ok);
-    // ??? convention: move array into r3 for exception message
+  // ??? convention: move array into r3 for exception message
   __ mov(r3, array);
   __ mov(rscratch1, Interpreter::_throw_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException_entry);
   __ br(rscratch1);
@@ -816,11 +818,23 @@ void TemplateTable::aaload()
   // r0: array
   // r1: index
   index_check(r0, r1); // leaves index in r1, kills rscratch1
-  __ add(r1, r1, arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT) >> LogBytesPerHeapOop);
-  do_oop_load(_masm,
-              Address(r0, r1, Address::uxtw(LogBytesPerHeapOop)),
-              r0,
-              IS_ARRAY);
+  __ profile_array_type<ArrayLoadData>(r2, r0, r4);
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+    Label is_flat_array, done;
+
+    __ test_flat_array_oop(r0, rscratch1 /*temp*/, is_flat_array);
+    __ add(r1, r1, arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT) >> LogBytesPerHeapOop);
+    do_oop_load(_masm, Address(r0, r1, Address::uxtw(LogBytesPerHeapOop)), r0, IS_ARRAY);
+
+    __ b(done);
+    __ bind(is_flat_array);
+    __ call_VM(r0, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::flat_array_load), r0, r1);
+    __ bind(done);
+  } else {
+    __ add(r1, r1, arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT) >> LogBytesPerHeapOop);
+    do_oop_load(_masm, Address(r0, r1, Address::uxtw(LogBytesPerHeapOop)), r0, IS_ARRAY);
+  }
+  __ profile_element_type(r2, r0, r4);
 }
 
 void TemplateTable::baload()
@@ -1107,32 +1121,45 @@ void TemplateTable::dastore() {
 }
 
 void TemplateTable::aastore() {
-  Label is_null, ok_is_subtype, done;
+  Label is_null, is_flat_array, ok_is_subtype, done;
   transition(vtos, vtos);
   // stack: ..., array, index, value
   __ ldr(r0, at_tos());    // value
   __ ldr(r2, at_tos_p1()); // index
   __ ldr(r3, at_tos_p2()); // array
 
-  Address element_address(r3, r4, Address::uxtw(LogBytesPerHeapOop));
-
   index_check(r3, r2);     // kills r1
+
+  __ profile_array_type<ArrayStoreData>(r4, r3, r5);
+  __ profile_multiple_element_types(r4, r0, r5, r6);
+
   __ add(r4, r2, arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT) >> LogBytesPerHeapOop);
+  Address element_address(r3, r4, Address::uxtw(LogBytesPerHeapOop));
+  // Be careful not to clobber r4 below
 
   // do array store check - check for null value first
   __ cbz(r0, is_null);
 
+  // Move array class to r5
+  __ load_klass(r5, r3, rscratch1);
+
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+    __ ldrw(r6, Address(r5, Klass::layout_helper_offset()));
+    __ test_flat_array_layout(r6, is_flat_array);
+  }
+
   // Move subklass into r1
   __ load_klass(r1, r0, rscratch1);
-  // Move superklass into r0
-  __ load_klass(r0, r3, rscratch1);
-  __ ldr(r0, Address(r0,
-                     ObjArrayKlass::element_klass_offset()));
+
+  // Move array element superklass into r0
+  __ ldr(r0, Address(r5, ObjArrayKlass::element_klass_offset()));
   // Compress array + index*oopSize + 12 into a single register.  Frees r2.
 
   // Generate subtype check.  Blows r2, r5
   // Superklass in r0.  Subklass in r1.
-  __ gen_subtype_check(r1, ok_is_subtype);
+
+  // is "r1 <: r0" ? (value subclass <: array element superclass)
+  __ gen_subtype_check(r1, ok_is_subtype, false);
 
   // Come here on failure
   // object is at TOS
@@ -1150,11 +1177,37 @@ void TemplateTable::aastore() {
 
   // Have a null in r0, r3=array, r2=index.  Store null at ary[idx]
   __ bind(is_null);
-  __ profile_null_seen(r2);
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    Label is_null_into_value_array_npe, store_null;
+
+    if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+      __ test_flat_array_oop(r3, rscratch1, is_flat_array);
+    }
+
+    // No way to store null in a null-free array
+    __ test_null_free_array_oop(r3, rscratch1, is_null_into_value_array_npe);
+    __ b(store_null);
+
+    __ bind(is_null_into_value_array_npe);
+    __ b(ExternalAddress(Interpreter::_throw_NullPointerException_entry));
+
+    __ bind(store_null);
+  }
 
   // Store a null
   // Clobbers: r10, r11, r3
   do_oop_store(_masm, element_address, noreg, IS_ARRAY);
+  __ b(done);
+
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+     Label is_type_ok;
+    __ bind(is_flat_array); // Store non-null value to flat
+
+    __ ldr(r0, at_tos());    // value
+    __ ldr(r3, at_tos_p1()); // index
+    __ ldr(r2, at_tos_p2()); // array
+    __ call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::flat_array_store), r0, r2, r3);
+  }
 
   // Pop stack arguments
   __ bind(done);
@@ -1961,19 +2014,68 @@ void TemplateTable::if_nullcmp(Condition cc)
   __ profile_not_taken_branch(r0);
 }
 
-void TemplateTable::if_acmp(Condition cc)
-{
+void TemplateTable::if_acmp(Condition cc) {
   transition(atos, vtos);
   // assume branch is more often taken than not (loops use backward branches)
-  Label not_taken;
+  Label taken, not_taken;
   __ pop_ptr(r1);
+
+  __ profile_acmp(r2, r1, r0, r4);
+
+  Register is_inline_type_mask = rscratch1;
+  __ mov(is_inline_type_mask, markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    // The substitutability test is only necessary if r1 and r0 are not the same...
+    __ cmp(r1, r0);
+    __ br(Assembler::EQ, (cc == equal) ? taken : not_taken);
+
+    // ... neither are null...
+    __ cbz(r1, (cc == equal) ? not_taken : taken);
+    __ cbz(r0, (cc == equal) ? not_taken : taken);
+
+    // ...and both are values...
+    __ ldr(r2, Address(r1, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    __ andr(r2, r2, is_inline_type_mask);
+    __ ldr(r4, Address(r0, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    __ andr(r4, r4, is_inline_type_mask);
+    __ andr(r2, r2, r4);
+    __ cmp(r2,  is_inline_type_mask);
+    __ br(Assembler::NE, (cc == equal) ? not_taken : taken);
+
+    // ...with the same value klass
+    __ load_metadata(r2, r1);
+    __ load_metadata(r4, r0);
+    __ cmp(r2, r4);
+    __ br(Assembler::NE, (cc == equal) ? not_taken : taken);
+
+    // Know both are the same type, let's test for substitutability...
+    if (cc == equal) {
+      invoke_is_substitutable(r0, r1, taken, not_taken);
+    } else {
+      invoke_is_substitutable(r0, r1, not_taken, taken);
+    }
+    __ stop("Not reachable");
+  }
+
   __ cmpoop(r1, r0);
   __ br(j_not(cc), not_taken);
+  __ bind(taken);
   branch(false, false);
   __ bind(not_taken);
-  __ profile_not_taken_branch(r0);
+  __ profile_not_taken_branch(r0, true);
 }
 
+void TemplateTable::invoke_is_substitutable(Register aobj, Register bobj,
+                                            Label& is_subst, Label& not_subst) {
+
+  __ call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::is_substitutable), aobj, bobj);
+  // Restored... r0 answer, jmp to outcome...
+  __ cbz(r0, not_subst);
+  __ b(is_subst);
+}
+
+
 void TemplateTable::ret() {
   transition(vtos, vtos);
   locals_index(r1);
@@ -2207,7 +2309,8 @@ void TemplateTable::_return(TosState state)
   // Issue a StoreStore barrier after all stores but before return
   // from any constructor for any class with a final field.  We don't
   // know if this is a finalizer, so we always do so.
-  if (_desc->bytecode() == Bytecodes::_return)
+  if (_desc->bytecode() == Bytecodes::_return
+      || _desc->bytecode() == Bytecodes::_return_register_finalizer)
     __ membar(MacroAssembler::StoreStore);
 
   if (_desc->bytecode() != Bytecodes::_return_register_finalizer) {
@@ -2599,7 +2702,7 @@ void TemplateTable::pop_and_check_object(Register r)
 
 void TemplateTable::getfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteControl rc)
 {
-  const Register cache     = r4;
+  const Register cache     = r2;
   const Register obj       = r4;
   const Register index     = r3;
   const Register tos_state = r3;
@@ -2609,6 +2712,7 @@ void TemplateTable::getfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
 
   resolve_cache_and_index_for_field(byte_no, cache, index);
   jvmti_post_field_access(cache, index, is_static, false);
+
   load_resolved_field_entry(obj, cache, tos_state, off, flags, is_static);
 
   if (!is_static) {
@@ -2667,12 +2771,39 @@ void TemplateTable::getfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
   __ cmp(tos_state, (u1)atos);
   __ br(Assembler::NE, notObj);
   // atos
-  do_oop_load(_masm, field, r0, IN_HEAP);
-  __ push(atos);
-  if (rc == may_rewrite) {
-    patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield, bc, r1);
+  if (!Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    do_oop_load(_masm, field, r0, IN_HEAP);
+    __ push(atos);
+    if (rc == may_rewrite) {
+      patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield, bc, r1);
+    }
+    __ b(Done);
+  } else { // Valhalla
+    if (is_static) {
+      __ load_heap_oop(r0, field, rscratch1, rscratch2);
+      __ push(atos);
+      __ b(Done);
+    } else {
+      Label is_flat;
+      __ test_field_is_flat(flags, noreg /* temp */, is_flat);
+      __ load_heap_oop(r0, field, rscratch1, rscratch2);
+      __ push(atos);
+      if (rc == may_rewrite) {
+        patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield, bc, r1);
+      }
+      __ b(Done);
+      __ bind(is_flat);
+      // field is flat (null-free or nullable with a null-marker)
+      __ mov(r0, obj);
+      __ read_flat_field(cache, r0);
+      __ verify_oop(r0);
+      __ push(atos);
+      if (rc == may_rewrite) {
+        patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_vgetfield, bc, r1);
+      }
+      __ b(Done);
+    }
   }
-  __ b(Done);
 
   __ bind(notObj);
   __ cmp(tos_state, (u1)itos);
@@ -2833,7 +2964,7 @@ void TemplateTable::putfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
   const Register tos_state = r3;
   const Register obj       = r2;
   const Register off       = r19;
-  const Register flags     = r0;
+  const Register flags     = r6;
   const Register bc        = r4;
 
   resolve_cache_and_index_for_field(byte_no, cache, index);
@@ -2841,11 +2972,9 @@ void TemplateTable::putfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
   load_resolved_field_entry(obj, cache, tos_state, off, flags, is_static);
 
   Label Done;
-  __ mov(r5, flags);
-
   {
     Label notVolatile;
-    __ tbz(r5, ResolvedFieldEntry::is_volatile_shift, notVolatile);
+    __ tbz(flags, ResolvedFieldEntry::is_volatile_shift, notVolatile);
     __ membar(MacroAssembler::StoreStore | MacroAssembler::LoadStore);
     __ bind(notVolatile);
   }
@@ -2894,15 +3023,55 @@ void TemplateTable::putfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
 
   // atos
   {
-    __ pop(atos);
-    if (!is_static) pop_and_check_object(obj);
-    // Store into the field
-    // Clobbers: r10, r11, r3
-    do_oop_store(_masm, field, r0, IN_HEAP);
-    if (rc == may_rewrite) {
-      patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield, bc, r1, true, byte_no);
-    }
-    __ b(Done);
+    if (!Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+      __ pop(atos);
+      if (!is_static) pop_and_check_object(obj);
+      // Store into the field
+      // Clobbers: r10, r11, r3
+      do_oop_store(_masm, field, r0, IN_HEAP);
+      if (rc == may_rewrite) {
+        patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield, bc, r1, true, byte_no);
+      }
+      __ b(Done);
+    } else { // Valhalla
+      __ pop(atos);
+      if (is_static) {
+        Label is_nullable;
+        __ test_field_is_not_null_free_inline_type(flags, noreg /* temp */, is_nullable);
+        __ null_check(r0);  // FIXME JDK-8341120
+        __ bind(is_nullable);
+        do_oop_store(_masm, field, r0, IN_HEAP);
+        __ b(Done);
+      } else {
+        Label null_free_reference, is_flat, rewrite_inline;
+        __ test_field_is_flat(flags, noreg /* temp */, is_flat);
+        __ test_field_is_null_free_inline_type(flags, noreg /* temp */, null_free_reference);
+        pop_and_check_object(obj);
+        // Store into the field
+        // Clobbers: r10, r11, r3
+        do_oop_store(_masm, field, r0, IN_HEAP);
+        if (rc == may_rewrite) {
+          patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield, bc, r19, true, byte_no);
+        }
+        __ b(Done);
+        // Implementation of the inline type semantic
+        __ bind(null_free_reference);
+        __ null_check(r0);  // FIXME JDK-8341120
+        pop_and_check_object(obj);
+        // Store into the field
+        // Clobbers: r10, r11, r3
+        do_oop_store(_masm, field, r0, IN_HEAP);
+        __ b(rewrite_inline);
+        __ bind(is_flat);
+        pop_and_check_object(r7);
+        __ write_flat_field(cache, off, index, flags, r7);
+        __ bind(rewrite_inline);
+        if (rc == may_rewrite) {
+          patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield, bc, r19, true, byte_no);
+        }
+        __ b(Done);
+      }
+    } // Valhalla
   }
 
   __ bind(notObj);
@@ -3007,7 +3176,7 @@ void TemplateTable::putfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
 
   {
     Label notVolatile;
-    __ tbz(r5, ResolvedFieldEntry::is_volatile_shift, notVolatile);
+    __ tbz(flags, ResolvedFieldEntry::is_volatile_shift, notVolatile);
     __ membar(MacroAssembler::StoreLoad | MacroAssembler::StoreStore);
     __ bind(notVolatile);
   }
@@ -3041,6 +3210,7 @@ void TemplateTable::jvmti_post_fast_field_mod() {
     // to do it for every data type, we use the saved values as the
     // jvalue object.
     switch (bytecode()) {          // load values into the jvalue object
+    case Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield: // fall through
     case Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield: __ push_ptr(r0); break;
     case Bytecodes::_fast_bputfield: // fall through
     case Bytecodes::_fast_zputfield: // fall through
@@ -3067,6 +3237,7 @@ void TemplateTable::jvmti_post_fast_field_mod() {
                r19, c_rarg2, c_rarg3);
 
     switch (bytecode()) {             // restore tos values
+    case Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield: // fall through
     case Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield: __ pop_ptr(r0); break;
     case Bytecodes::_fast_bputfield: // fall through
     case Bytecodes::_fast_zputfield: // fall through
@@ -3114,6 +3285,22 @@ void TemplateTable::fast_storefield(TosState state)
 
   // access field
   switch (bytecode()) {
+  case Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield:
+    {
+      Label is_flat, done;
+      __ test_field_is_flat(r5, noreg /* temp */, is_flat);
+      __ null_check(r0);
+      do_oop_store(_masm, field, r0, IN_HEAP);
+      __ b(done);
+      __ bind(is_flat);
+      __ load_field_entry(r4, r5);
+      // Re-shuffle registers because of VM calls calling convention
+      __ mov(r19, r1);
+      __ mov(r7, r2);
+      __ write_flat_field(r4, r19, r6, r8, r7);
+      __ bind(done);
+    }
+    break;
   case Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield:
     // Clobbers: r10, r11, r3
     do_oop_store(_masm, field, r0, IN_HEAP);
@@ -3209,6 +3396,13 @@ void TemplateTable::fast_accessfield(TosState state)
 
   // access field
   switch (bytecode()) {
+  case Bytecodes::_fast_vgetfield:
+    {
+      // field is flat
+      __ read_flat_field(r2, r0);
+      __ verify_oop(r0);
+    }
+    break;
   case Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield:
     do_oop_load(_masm, field, r0, IN_HEAP);
     __ verify_oop(r0);
@@ -3659,6 +3853,16 @@ void TemplateTable::_new() {
     __ sub(r3, r3, header_size);
     __ cbz(r3, initialize_header);
 
+  #ifdef ASSERT
+    // make sure instance_size was multiple of 8
+    Label L;
+    __ tst(r3, 7);
+    __ br(Assembler::EQ, L);
+    __ stop("object size is not multiple of 8 - adjust this code");
+    __ bind(L);
+    // must be > 0, no extra check needed here
+  #endif
+
     // Initialize object fields
     {
       __ add(r2, r0, header_size);
@@ -3671,12 +3875,14 @@ void TemplateTable::_new() {
 
     // initialize object header only.
     __ bind(initialize_header);
-    if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+    if (UseCompactObjectHeaders || Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
       __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(r4, Klass::prototype_header_offset()));
       __ str(rscratch1, Address(r0, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
     } else {
       __ mov(rscratch1, (intptr_t)markWord::prototype().value());
       __ str(rscratch1, Address(r0, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    }
+    if (!UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
       __ store_klass_gap(r0, zr);  // zero klass gap for compressed oops
       __ store_klass(r0, r4, rscratch1);      // store klass last
     }
@@ -3774,13 +3980,12 @@ void TemplateTable::checkcast()
   __ bind(ok_is_subtype);
   __ mov(r0, r3); // Restore object in r3
 
+  __ b(done);
+  __ bind(is_null);
+
   // Collect counts on whether this test sees nulls a lot or not.
   if (ProfileInterpreter) {
-    __ b(done);
-    __ bind(is_null);
     __ profile_null_seen(r2);
-  } else {
-    __ bind(is_null);   // same as 'done'
   }
   __ bind(done);
 }
@@ -3899,6 +4104,10 @@ void TemplateTable::monitorenter()
   // check for null object
   __ null_check(r0);
 
+  Label is_inline_type;
+  __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(r0, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+  __ test_markword_is_inline_type(rscratch1, is_inline_type);
+
   const Address monitor_block_top(
         rfp, frame::interpreter_frame_monitor_block_top_offset * wordSize);
   const Address monitor_block_bot(
@@ -4000,6 +4209,11 @@ void TemplateTable::monitorenter()
   // The bcp has already been incremented. Just need to dispatch to
   // next instruction.
   __ dispatch_next(vtos);
+
+  __ bind(is_inline_type);
+  __ call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address,
+                    InterpreterRuntime::throw_identity_exception), r0);
+  __ should_not_reach_here();
 }
 
 
@@ -4010,6 +4224,18 @@ void TemplateTable::monitorexit()
   // check for null object
   __ null_check(r0);
 
+  const int is_inline_type_mask = markWord::inline_type_pattern;
+  Label has_identity;
+  __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(r0, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+  __ mov(rscratch2, is_inline_type_mask);
+  __ andr(rscratch1, rscratch1, rscratch2);
+  __ cmp(rscratch1, rscratch2);
+  __ br(Assembler::NE, has_identity);
+  __ call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address,
+                     InterpreterRuntime::throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception));
+  __ should_not_reach_here();
+  __ bind(has_identity);
+
   const Address monitor_block_top(
         rfp, frame::interpreter_frame_monitor_block_top_offset * wordSize);
   const Address monitor_block_bot(
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/templateTable_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/templateTable_aarch64.hpp
index c51c111a6f8..1f82613f4af 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/templateTable_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/templateTable_aarch64.hpp
@@ -34,4 +34,6 @@
   static void index_check(Register array, Register index);
   static void index_check_without_pop(Register array, Register index);
 
+  static void invoke_is_substitutable(Register aobj, Register bobj, Label& is_subst, Label& not_subst);
+
 #endif // CPU_AARCH64_TEMPLATETABLE_AARCH64_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/vtableStubs_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/vtableStubs_aarch64.cpp
index 1b7820fc337..a070b4f6602 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/vtableStubs_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/vtableStubs_aarch64.cpp
@@ -47,10 +47,10 @@
 extern "C" void bad_compiled_vtable_index(JavaThread* thread, oop receiver, int index);
 #endif
 
-VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) {
+VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index, bool caller_is_c1) {
   // Read "A word on VtableStub sizing" in share/code/vtableStubs.hpp for details on stub sizing.
   const int stub_code_length = code_size_limit(true);
-  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(true, vtable_index);
+  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(true, vtable_index, caller_is_c1);
   // Can be null if there is no free space in the code cache.
   if (s == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
@@ -63,6 +63,8 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) {
   int       slop_bytes = 0;
   int       slop_delta = 0;
 
+  ByteSize  entry_offset = caller_is_c1 ? Method::from_compiled_inline_offset() :  Method::from_compiled_inline_ro_offset();
+
   ResourceMark    rm;
   CodeBuffer      cb(s->entry_point(), stub_code_length);
   MacroAssembler* masm = new MacroAssembler(&cb);
@@ -116,7 +118,7 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) {
   if (DebugVtables) {
     Label L;
     __ cbz(rmethod, L);
-    __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(rmethod, Method::from_compiled_offset()));
+    __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(rmethod, entry_offset));
     __ cbnz(rscratch1, L);
     __ stop("Vtable entry is null");
     __ bind(L);
@@ -127,7 +129,7 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) {
   // rmethod: Method*
   // r2: receiver
   address ame_addr = __ pc();
-  __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(rmethod, Method::from_compiled_offset()));
+  __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(rmethod, entry_offset));
   __ br(rscratch1);
 
   masm->flush();
@@ -137,10 +139,10 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) {
 }
 
 
-VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int itable_index) {
+VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int itable_index, bool caller_is_c1) {
   // Read "A word on VtableStub sizing" in share/code/vtableStubs.hpp for details on stub sizing.
   const int stub_code_length = code_size_limit(false);
-  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(false, itable_index);
+  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(false, itable_index, caller_is_c1);
   // Can be null if there is no free space in the code cache.
   if (s == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
@@ -153,6 +155,8 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int itable_index) {
   int       slop_bytes = 0;
   int       slop_delta = 0;
 
+  ByteSize  entry_offset = caller_is_c1 ? Method::from_compiled_inline_offset() :  Method::from_compiled_inline_ro_offset();
+
   ResourceMark    rm;
   CodeBuffer      cb(s->entry_point(), stub_code_length);
   MacroAssembler* masm = new MacroAssembler(&cb);
@@ -207,7 +211,7 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int itable_index) {
   if (DebugVtables) {
     Label L2;
     __ cbz(rmethod, L2);
-    __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(rmethod, Method::from_compiled_offset()));
+    __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(rmethod, entry_offset));
     __ cbnz(rscratch1, L2);
     __ stop("compiler entrypoint is null");
     __ bind(L2);
@@ -217,7 +221,7 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int itable_index) {
   // rmethod: Method*
   // j_rarg0: receiver
   address ame_addr = __ pc();
-  __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(rmethod, Method::from_compiled_offset()));
+  __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(rmethod, entry_offset));
   __ br(rscratch1);
 
   __ bind(L_no_such_interface);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/arm.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/arm.ad
index 7ae3381600e..8d399882688 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/arm.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/arm.ad
@@ -339,10 +339,6 @@ void MachPrologNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
   }
 }
 
-uint MachPrologNode::size(PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
-  return MachNode::size(ra_);
-}
-
 int MachPrologNode::reloc() const {
   return 10; // a large enough number
 }
@@ -384,10 +380,6 @@ void MachEpilogNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
   }
 }
 
-uint MachEpilogNode::size(PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
-  return MachNode::size(ra_);
-}
-
 int MachEpilogNode::reloc() const {
   return 16; // a large enough number
 }
@@ -849,6 +841,18 @@ uint BoxLockNode::size(PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
 }
 
 //=============================================================================
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+void MachVEPNode::format(PhaseRegAlloc* ra_, outputStream* st) const
+{
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+#endif
+
+void MachVEPNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc* ra_) const
+{
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 #define R_RTEMP "R_R12"
 void MachUEPNode::format( PhaseRegAlloc *ra_, outputStream *st ) const {
@@ -863,11 +867,6 @@ void MachUEPNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
   __ ic_check(InteriorEntryAlignment);
 }
 
-uint MachUEPNode::size(PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
-  return MachNode::size(ra_);
-}
-
-
 //=============================================================================
 
 int HandlerImpl::emit_deopt_handler(C2_MacroAssembler* masm) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_CodeStubs_arm.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_CodeStubs_arm.cpp
index 3ef02e44b65..4b1f08ffa8b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_CodeStubs_arm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_CodeStubs_arm.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -156,11 +156,13 @@ void NewTypeArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
 
 // Implementation of NewObjectArrayStub
 
-NewObjectArrayStub::NewObjectArrayStub(LIR_Opr klass_reg, LIR_Opr length, LIR_Opr result, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+NewObjectArrayStub::NewObjectArrayStub(LIR_Opr klass_reg, LIR_Opr length, LIR_Opr result,
+                                       CodeEmitInfo* info, bool is_null_free) {
   _klass_reg = klass_reg;
   _result = result;
   _length = length;
   _info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
+  _is_null_free = is_null_free; // unimplemented
 }
 
 
@@ -424,4 +426,31 @@ void ArrayCopyStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
   __ b(_continuation);
 }
 
+// Implementation of SubstitutabilityCheckStub
+SubstitutabilityCheckStub::SubstitutabilityCheckStub(LIR_Opr left, LIR_Opr right, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+void SubstitutabilityCheckStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+LoadFlattenedArrayStub::LoadFlattenedArrayStub(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr index, LIR_Opr result, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+void LoadFlattenedArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+// Implementation of StoreFlattenedArrayStub
+
+StoreFlattenedArrayStub::StoreFlattenedArrayStub(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr index, LIR_Opr value, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+void StoreFlattenedArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
 #undef __
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_LIRAssembler_arm.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_LIRAssembler_arm.cpp
index b314577c2c8..62424d9df22 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_LIRAssembler_arm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_LIRAssembler_arm.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -2559,6 +2559,10 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_profile_type(LIR_OpProfileType* op) {
   fatal("Type profiling not implemented on this platform");
 }
 
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_profile_inline_type(LIR_OpProfileInlineType* op) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
 void LIR_Assembler::monitor_address(int monitor_no, LIR_Opr dst) {
   Address mon_addr = frame_map()->address_for_monitor_lock(monitor_no);
   __ add_slow(dst->as_pointer_register(), mon_addr.base(), mon_addr.disp());
@@ -2858,4 +2862,27 @@ void LIR_Assembler::atomic_op(LIR_Code code, LIR_Opr src, LIR_Opr data, LIR_Opr
 
 }
 
+// Valhalla support
+
+void LIR_Assembler::check_orig_pc() {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+int LIR_Assembler::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(ciInlineKlass* vk) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return 0;
+}
+
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_opFlattenedArrayCheck(LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck* op) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_opNullFreeArrayCheck(LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck* op) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_opSubstitutabilityCheck(LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck* op) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
 #undef __
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_LIRGenerator_arm.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_LIRGenerator_arm.cpp
index 46ec87290ae..f93eea15464 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_LIRGenerator_arm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_LIRGenerator_arm.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -944,7 +944,7 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_NewInstance(NewInstance* x) {
   LIR_Opr tmp2 = new_register(objectType);
   LIR_Opr tmp3 = FrameMap::LR_oop_opr;
 
-  new_instance(reg, x->klass(), x->is_unresolved(), tmp1, tmp2, tmp3,
+  new_instance(reg, x->klass(), x->is_unresolved(), /* allow_inline */ false, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3,
                LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr, klass_reg, info);
 
   LIR_Opr result = rlock_result(x);
@@ -1104,7 +1104,8 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_CheckCast(CheckCast* x) {
   LIR_Opr tmp3 = LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr;
 
   __ checkcast(out_reg, obj.result(), x->klass(), tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, x->direct_compare(),
-               info_for_exception, patching_info, stub, x->profiled_method(), x->profiled_bci());
+               info_for_exception, patching_info, stub,
+               x->profiled_method(), x->profiled_bci(), /*is_null_free*/ false);
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_MacroAssembler_arm.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_MacroAssembler_arm.cpp
index ad6c56186df..943a8fc5e3d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_MacroAssembler_arm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_MacroAssembler_arm.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -42,7 +42,10 @@
 // arm [macro]assembler) and used with care in the other C1 specific
 // files.
 
-void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes) {
+void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes,
+                                    int sp_offset_for_orig_pc,
+                                    bool needs_stack_repair, bool has_scalarized_args,
+                                    Label* verified_inline_entry_label) {
   assert(bang_size_in_bytes >= frame_size_in_bytes, "stack bang size incorrect");
   assert((frame_size_in_bytes % StackAlignmentInBytes) == 0, "frame size should be aligned");
 
@@ -59,11 +62,6 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_by
   bs->nmethod_entry_barrier(this);
 }
 
-void C1_MacroAssembler::remove_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes) {
-  add_slow(SP, SP, frame_size_in_bytes);
-  raw_pop(FP, LR);
-}
-
 void C1_MacroAssembler::verified_entry(bool breakAtEntry) {
   if (breakAtEntry) {
     breakpoint();
@@ -238,4 +236,8 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::verify_not_null_oop(Register r) {
   verify_oop(r);
 }
 
+int C1_MacroAssembler::scalarized_entry(const CompiledEntrySignature* ces, int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, Label& verified_inline_entry_label, bool is_inline_ro_entry) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
 #endif // !PRODUCT
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/continuationFreezeThaw_arm.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/continuationFreezeThaw_arm.inline.hpp
index 6728f716caa..1868d61a831 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/continuationFreezeThaw_arm.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/continuationFreezeThaw_arm.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ inline frame FreezeBase::sender(const frame& f) {
   return frame();
 }
 
-template<typename FKind> frame FreezeBase::new_heap_frame(frame& f, frame& caller) {
+template<typename FKind> frame FreezeBase::new_heap_frame(frame& f, frame& caller, int size_adjust) {
   Unimplemented();
   return frame();
 }
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ inline void FreezeBase::relativize_interpreted_frame_metadata(const frame& f, co
   Unimplemented();
 }
 
-inline void FreezeBase::patch_pd(frame& hf, const frame& caller) {
+inline void FreezeBase::patch_pd(frame& hf, const frame& caller, bool is_bottom_frame) {
   Unimplemented();
 }
 
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ inline frame ThawBase::new_entry_frame() {
   return frame();
 }
 
-template<typename FKind> frame ThawBase::new_stack_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, bool bottom) {
+template<typename FKind> frame ThawBase::new_stack_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, bool bottom, int size_adjust) {
   Unimplemented();
   return frame();
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/frame_arm.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/frame_arm.cpp
index f791fae7bd7..2a7db876e7e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/frame_arm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/frame_arm.cpp
@@ -510,3 +510,18 @@ intptr_t* frame::real_fp() const {
   assert(! is_compiled_frame(), "unknown compiled frame size");
   return fp();
 }
+
+intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(intptr_t* sender_sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) const {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(nmethod* nm, intptr_t* sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+bool frame::was_augmented_on_entry(int& real_size) const {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return false;
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/frame_arm.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/frame_arm.hpp
index 8ca7a555b93..c771c968070 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/frame_arm.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/frame_arm.hpp
@@ -122,4 +122,9 @@
   // helper to update a map with callee-saved FP
   static void update_map_with_saved_link(RegisterMap* map, intptr_t** link_addr);
 
+
+  intptr_t* repair_sender_sp(intptr_t* sender_sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) const;
+  static intptr_t* repair_sender_sp(nmethod* nm, intptr_t* sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr);
+  bool was_augmented_on_entry(int& real_size) const;
+
 #endif // CPU_ARM_FRAME_ARM_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/globals_arm.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/globals_arm.hpp
index c568ea04122..ca5f013d044 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/globals_arm.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/globals_arm.hpp
@@ -73,6 +73,9 @@ define_pd_global(bool, CompactStrings, false);
 
 define_pd_global(intx, InitArrayShortSize, 8*BytesPerLong);
 
+define_pd_global(bool, InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, false);
+define_pd_global(bool, InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, false);
+
 #define ARCH_FLAGS(develop,     \
                    product,     \
                    range,       \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/macroAssembler_arm.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/macroAssembler_arm.cpp
index 935c9544620..6715effa68f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/macroAssembler_arm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/macroAssembler_arm.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2023, Red Hat, Inc.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -1888,3 +1888,37 @@ int MacroAssembler::ic_check(int end_alignment) {
   bind(dont);
   return uep_offset;
 }
+
+void MacroAssembler::remove_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes) {
+  add_slow(SP, SP, frame_size_in_bytes);
+  raw_pop(FP, LR);
+}
+
+// Unimplemented methods for inline types.
+int MacroAssembler::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(ciInlineKlass* vk, bool from_interpreter) {
+   Unimplemented();
+}
+
+bool MacroAssembler::move_helper(VMReg from, VMReg to, BasicType bt, RegState reg_state[]) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+bool MacroAssembler::unpack_inline_helper(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int& sig_index,
+                            VMReg from, int& from_index, VMRegPair* to, int to_count, int& to_index,
+                            RegState reg_state[]) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+bool MacroAssembler::pack_inline_helper(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int& sig_index, int vtarg_index,
+                          VMRegPair* from, int from_count, int& from_index, VMReg to,
+                          RegState reg_state[], Register val_array) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+int MacroAssembler::extend_stack_for_inline_args(int args_on_stack) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+VMReg MacroAssembler::spill_reg_for(VMReg reg) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/macroAssembler_arm.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/macroAssembler_arm.hpp
index 8e80c5bcc6e..3119c7141b1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/macroAssembler_arm.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/macroAssembler_arm.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -28,6 +28,10 @@
 #include "code/relocInfo.hpp"
 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
 
+class ciInlineKlass;
+class SigEntry;
+class VMRegPair;
+
 // Introduced AddressLiteral and its subclasses to ease portability from
 // x86 and avoid relocation issues
 class AddressLiteral {
@@ -1081,6 +1085,11 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
 
   static int ic_check_size();
   int ic_check(int end_alignment);
+
+  // Inline type specific methods
+  #include "asm/macroAssembler_common.hpp"
+
+  void remove_frame(int initial_framesize);
 };
 
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/sharedRuntime_arm.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/sharedRuntime_arm.cpp
index 13e1f4493ff..37c7f49b9d8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/sharedRuntime_arm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/sharedRuntime_arm.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -464,9 +464,8 @@ static void patch_callers_callsite(MacroAssembler *masm) {
   __ bind(skip);
 }
 
-void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
-                                    int total_args_passed, int comp_args_on_stack,
-                                    const BasicType *sig_bt, const VMRegPair *regs) {
+void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm, int comp_args_on_stack, const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, const VMRegPair *regs) {
+
   // TODO: ARM - May be can use ldm to load arguments
   const Register tmp = Rtemp; // avoid erasing R5_mh
 
@@ -501,9 +500,11 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
   }
   __ bic(SP, SP, StackAlignmentInBytes - 1);
 
+  int total_args_passed = sig->length();
   for (int i = 0; i < total_args_passed; i++) {
-    if (sig_bt[i] == T_VOID) {
-      assert(i > 0 && (sig_bt[i-1] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i-1] == T_DOUBLE), "missing half");
+    BasicType bt = sig->at(i)._bt;
+    if (bt == T_VOID) {
+      assert(i > 0 && (sig->at(i - 1)._bt == T_LONG || sig->at(i - 1)._bt == T_DOUBLE), "missing half");
       continue;
     }
     assert(!regs[i].second()->is_valid() || regs[i].first()->next() == regs[i].second(), "must be ordered");
@@ -549,9 +550,7 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
 
 }
 
-static void gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
-                            int total_args_passed,  int comp_args_on_stack,
-                            const BasicType *sig_bt, const VMRegPair *regs,
+static void gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm, int comp_args_on_stack, const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, const VMRegPair *regs,
                             Label& skip_fixup) {
   // TODO: ARM - May be can use stm to deoptimize arguments
   const Register tmp = Rtemp;
@@ -562,14 +561,16 @@ static void gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
   __ mov(Rsender_sp, SP); // not yet saved
 
 
+  int total_args_passed = sig->length();
   int extraspace = total_args_passed * Interpreter::stackElementSize;
   if (extraspace) {
     __ sub_slow(SP, SP, extraspace);
   }
 
   for (int i = 0; i < total_args_passed; i++) {
-    if (sig_bt[i] == T_VOID) {
-      assert(i > 0 && (sig_bt[i-1] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i-1] == T_DOUBLE), "missing half");
+    BasicType bt = sig->at(i)._bt;
+    if (bt == T_VOID) {
+      assert(i > 0 && (sig->at(i - 1)._bt == T_LONG || sig->at(i - 1)._bt == T_DOUBLE), "missing half");
       continue;
     }
     int stack_offset = (total_args_passed - 1 - i) * Interpreter::stackElementSize;
@@ -612,14 +613,20 @@ static void gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
 
 }
 
-void SharedRuntime::generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler *masm,
-                                            int total_args_passed,
+void SharedRuntime::generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler* masm,
                                             int comp_args_on_stack,
-                                            const BasicType *sig_bt,
-                                            const VMRegPair *regs,
-                                            address entry_address[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT]) {
+                                            const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig,
+                                            const VMRegPair* regs,
+                                            const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_cc,
+                                            const VMRegPair* regs_cc,
+                                            const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_cc_ro,
+                                            const VMRegPair* regs_cc_ro,
+                                            address entry_address[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT],
+                                            AdapterBlob*& new_adapter,
+                                            bool allocate_code_blob) {
+
   entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C] = __ pc();
-  gen_i2c_adapter(masm, total_args_passed, comp_args_on_stack, sig_bt, regs);
+  gen_i2c_adapter(masm, comp_args_on_stack, sig, regs);
 
   entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified] = __ pc();
   Label skip_fixup;
@@ -636,7 +643,7 @@ void SharedRuntime::generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler *masm,
 
   entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I] = __ pc();
   entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check] = nullptr;
-  gen_c2i_adapter(masm, total_args_passed, comp_args_on_stack, sig_bt, regs, skip_fixup);
+  gen_c2i_adapter(masm, comp_args_on_stack, sig, regs, skip_fixup);
   return;
 }
 
@@ -1843,3 +1850,23 @@ RuntimeStub* SharedRuntime::generate_jfr_return_lease() {
 }
 
 #endif // INCLUDE_JFR
+
+const uint SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_int = 0; // Argument::n_int_register_parameters_j;
+const uint SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_float = 0; // Argument::n_float_register_parameters_j;
+
+int SharedRuntime::java_return_convention(const BasicType *sig_bt, VMRegPair *regs, int total_args_passed) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return 0;
+}
+
+BufferedInlineTypeBlob* SharedRuntime::generate_buffered_inline_type_adapter(const InlineKlass* vk) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+// Call here from the interpreter or compiled code to store returned
+// values to a newly allocated inline type instance.
+RuntimeStub* SharedRuntime::generate_return_value_stub(address destination) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return nullptr;
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/templateInterpreterGenerator_arm.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/templateInterpreterGenerator_arm.cpp
index 8abefe39b2d..6ecdc29cf45 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/templateInterpreterGenerator_arm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/templateInterpreterGenerator_arm.cpp
@@ -1139,7 +1139,7 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_native_entry(bool synchronized) {
 //
 // Generic interpreted method entry to (asm) interpreter
 //
-address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_normal_entry(bool synchronized) {
+address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_normal_entry(bool synchronized, bool object_init) {
   // determine code generation flags
   bool inc_counter  = UseCompiler || CountCompiledCalls;
 
@@ -1254,6 +1254,12 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_normal_entry(bool synchronized) {
 #endif
   }
 
+  // Issue a StoreStore barrier on entry to Object_init if the
+  // class has strict field fields.  Be lazy, always do it.
+  if (object_init) {
+    __ membar(MacroAssembler::StoreStore, R1_tmp);
+  }
+
   // start execution
 #ifdef ASSERT
   { Label L;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/vtableStubs_arm.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/vtableStubs_arm.cpp
index 2d7ccd1969b..80b3cb3a400 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/vtableStubs_arm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/vtableStubs_arm.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -46,10 +46,10 @@
 extern "C" void bad_compiled_vtable_index(JavaThread* thread, oop receiver, int index);
 #endif
 
-VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) {
+VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index, bool caller_is_c1) {
   // Read "A word on VtableStub sizing" in share/code/vtableStubs.hpp for details on stub sizing.
   const int stub_code_length = code_size_limit(true);
-  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(true, vtable_index);
+  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(true, vtable_index, caller_is_c1);
   // Can be null if there is no free space in the code cache.
   if (s == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
@@ -116,10 +116,10 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) {
   return s;
 }
 
-VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int itable_index) {
+VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int itable_index, bool caller_is_c1) {
   // Read "A word on VtableStub sizing" in share/code/vtableStubs.hpp for details on stub sizing.
   const int stub_code_length = code_size_limit(false);
-  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(false, itable_index);
+  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(false, itable_index, caller_is_c1);
   // Can be null if there is no free space in the code cache.
   if (s == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_CodeStubs_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_CodeStubs_ppc.cpp
index 65e9505c812..f86b0a9d4fc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_CodeStubs_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_CodeStubs_ppc.cpp
@@ -143,6 +143,85 @@ void DivByZeroStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
 }
 
 
+// Implementation of LoadFlattenedArrayStub
+
+LoadFlattenedArrayStub::LoadFlattenedArrayStub(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr index, LIR_Opr result, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  _array = array;
+  _index = index;
+  _result = result;
+  _scratch_reg = FrameMap::R3_oop_opr;
+  _info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
+}
+
+void LoadFlattenedArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
+  __ bind(_entry);
+  // Pass arguments on stack.
+  __ std(_array->as_register(), -16, R1_SP);
+  __ std(_index->as_register(), -8, R1_SP);
+  address stub = Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_load_flat_array_id);
+  //__ load_const_optimized(R0, stub);
+  __ add_const_optimized(R0, R29_TOC, MacroAssembler::offset_to_global_toc(stub));
+  __ mtctr(R0);
+  __ bctrl();
+  ce->add_call_info_here(_info);
+  ce->verify_oop_map(_info);
+  __ mr_if_needed(_result->as_register(), R3_RET);
+  __ b(_continuation);
+}
+
+
+// Implementation of StoreFlattenedArrayStub
+
+StoreFlattenedArrayStub::StoreFlattenedArrayStub(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr index, LIR_Opr value, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  _array = array;
+  _index = index;
+  _value = value;
+  _scratch_reg = LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr;
+  _info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
+}
+
+void StoreFlattenedArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
+  __ bind(_entry);
+  // Pass arguments on stack.
+  __ std(_array->as_register(), -24, R1_SP);
+  __ std(_index->as_register(), -16, R1_SP);
+  __ std(_value->as_register(), -8, R1_SP);
+  address stub = Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_store_flat_array_id);
+  //__ load_const_optimized(R0, stub);
+  __ add_const_optimized(R0, R29_TOC, MacroAssembler::offset_to_global_toc(stub));
+  __ mtctr(R0);
+  __ bctrl();
+  ce->add_call_info_here(_info);
+  ce->verify_oop_map(_info);
+  __ b(_continuation);
+}
+
+
+// Implementation of SubstitutabilityCheckStub
+SubstitutabilityCheckStub::SubstitutabilityCheckStub(LIR_Opr left, LIR_Opr right, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  _left = left;
+  _right = right;
+  _scratch_reg = FrameMap::R3_oop_opr;
+  _info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
+}
+
+void SubstitutabilityCheckStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
+  __ bind(_entry);
+  // Pass arguments on stack.
+  __ std(_left->as_register(), -16, R1_SP);
+  __ std(_right->as_register(), -8, R1_SP);
+  address stub = Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_substitutability_check_id);
+  //__ load_const_optimized(R0, stub);
+  __ add_const_optimized(R0, R29_TOC, MacroAssembler::offset_to_global_toc(stub));
+  __ mtctr(R0);
+  __ bctrl();
+  ce->add_call_info_here(_info);
+  ce->verify_oop_map(_info);
+  // Result is in R3_RET (_scratch_reg)
+  __ b(_continuation);
+}
+
+
 void ImplicitNullCheckStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
   address a;
   if (_info->deoptimize_on_exception()) {
@@ -231,17 +310,20 @@ void NewTypeArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
 
 
 // Implementation of NewObjectArrayStub
-NewObjectArrayStub::NewObjectArrayStub(LIR_Opr klass_reg, LIR_Opr length, LIR_Opr result, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+NewObjectArrayStub::NewObjectArrayStub(LIR_Opr klass_reg, LIR_Opr length, LIR_Opr result,
+                                       CodeEmitInfo* info, bool is_null_free) {
   _klass_reg = klass_reg;
   _length = length;
   _result = result;
   _info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
+  _is_null_free = is_null_free;
 }
 
 void NewObjectArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
   __ bind(_entry);
 
-  address entry = Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_new_object_array_id);
+  address entry = _is_null_free ? Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_new_null_free_array_id)
+                                : Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_new_object_array_id);
   //__ load_const_optimized(R0, entry);
   __ add_const_optimized(R0, R29_TOC, MacroAssembler::offset_to_global_toc(entry));
   __ mr_if_needed(/*op->tmp1()->as_register()*/ R5_ARG3, _length->as_register()); // already sign-extended
@@ -254,6 +336,15 @@ void NewObjectArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
 
 void MonitorEnterStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
   __ bind(_entry);
+  if (_throw_ie_stub != nullptr) {
+    // When we come here, _obj_reg has already been checked to be non-null.
+    const int is_value_mask = markWord::inline_type_pattern;
+    __ ld(R0, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), _obj_reg->as_register());
+    __ andi(R0, R0, is_value_mask);
+    __ cmpdi(CR0, R0, is_value_mask);
+    __ bc_far_optimized(Assembler::bcondCRbiIs1, __ bi0(CR0, Assembler::equal), *_throw_ie_stub->entry());
+  }
+
   address stub = Runtime1::entry_for(ce->compilation()->has_fpu_code() ? StubId::c1_monitorenter_id : StubId::c1_monitorenter_nofpu_id);
   //__ load_const_optimized(R0, stub);
   __ add_const_optimized(R0, R29_TOC, MacroAssembler::offset_to_global_toc(stub));
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.cpp
index 1ec710aad29..1d31777ad0c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.cpp
@@ -1246,6 +1246,8 @@ void LIR_Assembler::return_op(LIR_Opr result, C1SafepointPollStub* code_stub) {
   const Register return_pc = R31;  // Must survive C-call to enable_stack_reserved_zone().
   const Register temp      = R12;
 
+  assert(!InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, "unimplemented");
+
   // Pop the stack before the safepoint code.
   int frame_size = initial_frame_size_in_bytes();
   if (Assembler::is_simm(frame_size, 16)) {
@@ -1775,6 +1777,20 @@ void LIR_Assembler::unwind_op(LIR_Opr exceptionOop) {
 }
 
 
+void LIR_Assembler::arraycopy_inlinetype_check(Register obj, Register tmp, CodeStub* slow_path, bool is_dest, bool null_check) {
+  if (null_check) {
+    __ cmpdi(CR0, obj, 0);
+    __ bc_far_optimized(Assembler::bcondCRbiIs1, __ bi0(CR0, Assembler::equal), *slow_path->entry());
+  }
+  if (is_dest) {
+    __ test_null_free_array_oop(obj, tmp, *slow_path->entry(), true);
+    __ test_flat_array_oop(obj, tmp, *slow_path->entry(), true);
+  } else {
+    __ test_flat_array_oop(obj, tmp, *slow_path->entry(), true);
+  }
+}
+
+
 void LIR_Assembler::emit_arraycopy(LIR_OpArrayCopy* op) {
   Register src = op->src()->as_register();
   Register dst = op->dst()->as_register();
@@ -1792,6 +1808,12 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_arraycopy(LIR_OpArrayCopy* op) {
   // Set up the arraycopy stub information.
   ArrayCopyStub* stub = op->stub();
 
+  if (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::always_slow_path) {
+    __ b(*stub->entry());
+    __ bind(*stub->continuation());
+    return;
+  }
+
   // Always do stub if no type information is available. It's ok if
   // the known type isn't loaded since the code sanity checks
   // in debug mode and the type isn't required when we know the exact type
@@ -1831,6 +1853,14 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_arraycopy(LIR_OpArrayCopy* op) {
     return;
   }
 
+  // Handle inline type arrays
+  if (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::src_inlinetype_check) {
+    arraycopy_inlinetype_check(src, tmp, stub, false, (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::src_null_check));
+  }
+  if (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::dst_inlinetype_check) {
+    arraycopy_inlinetype_check(dst, tmp, stub, true, (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::dst_null_check));
+  }
+
   assert(default_type != nullptr && default_type->is_array_klass() && default_type->is_loaded(), "must be true at this point");
   Label cont, slow, copyfunc;
 
@@ -2325,6 +2355,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_typecheck_helper(LIR_OpTypeCheck *op, Label* success, L
   }
 
   if (op->fast_check()) {
+    assert(!k->is_loaded() || !k->is_obj_array_klass(), "Use refined array for a direct pointer comparison");
     assert_different_registers(klass_RInfo, k_RInfo);
     __ cmpd(CR0, k_RInfo, klass_RInfo);
     __ beq(CR0, *success);
@@ -2394,26 +2425,28 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_opTypeCheck(LIR_OpTypeCheck* op) {
 
     Label done;
 
-    if (should_profile) {
-      Label not_null;
-      Register mdo      = k_RInfo;
-      Register data_val = Rtmp1;
-      metadata2reg(md->constant_encoding(), mdo);
-      __ add_const_optimized(mdo, mdo, mdo_offset_bias, R0);
-      __ cmpdi(CR0, value, 0);
-      __ bne(CR0, not_null);
-      __ lbz(data_val, md->byte_offset_of_slot(data, DataLayout::flags_offset()) - mdo_offset_bias, mdo);
-      __ ori(data_val, data_val, BitData::null_seen_byte_constant());
-      __ stb(data_val, md->byte_offset_of_slot(data, DataLayout::flags_offset()) - mdo_offset_bias, mdo);
-      __ b(done);
-      __ bind(not_null);
-
-      Register recv = klass_RInfo;
-      __ load_klass(recv, value);
-      type_profile_helper(mdo, mdo_offset_bias, md, data, recv, Rtmp1); // kills recv
-    } else {
-      __ cmpdi(CR0, value, 0);
-      __ beq(CR0, done);
+    if (op->need_null_check()) {
+      if (should_profile) {
+        Label not_null;
+        Register mdo      = k_RInfo;
+        Register data_val = Rtmp1;
+        metadata2reg(md->constant_encoding(), mdo);
+        __ add_const_optimized(mdo, mdo, mdo_offset_bias, R0);
+        __ cmpdi(CR0, value, 0);
+        __ bne(CR0, not_null);
+        __ lbz(data_val, md->byte_offset_of_slot(data, DataLayout::flags_offset()) - mdo_offset_bias, mdo);
+        __ ori(data_val, data_val, BitData::null_seen_byte_constant());
+        __ stb(data_val, md->byte_offset_of_slot(data, DataLayout::flags_offset()) - mdo_offset_bias, mdo);
+        __ b(done);
+        __ bind(not_null);
+
+        Register recv = klass_RInfo;
+        __ load_klass(recv, value);
+        type_profile_helper(mdo, mdo_offset_bias, md, data, recv, Rtmp1); // kills recv
+      } else {
+        __ cmpdi(CR0, value, 0);
+        __ beq(CR0, done);
+      }
     }
     if (!os::zero_page_read_protected() || !ImplicitNullChecks) {
       explicit_null_check(array, op->info_for_exception());
@@ -3037,6 +3070,25 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_profile_type(LIR_OpProfileType* op) {
   __ bind(Ldone);
 }
 
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_profile_inline_type(LIR_OpProfileInlineType* op) {
+  Register obj = op->obj()->as_register();
+  //Register tmp = op->tmp()->as_pointer_register(); not needed!
+  LIR_Address* mdo_addr = op->mdp()->as_address_ptr();
+  assert(!mdo_addr->index()->is_valid(), "index unsupported");
+  Register mdo_base = mdo_addr->base()->as_pointer_register();
+  int mdo_offs = mdo_addr->disp();
+  bool not_null = op->not_null();
+  int flag = op->flag();
+
+  Label not_inline_type;
+  __ test_oop_is_not_inline_type(obj, not_inline_type, !not_null);
+
+  __ lbz(R0, mdo_offs, mdo_base);
+  __ ori(R0, R0, flag);
+  __ stb(R0, mdo_offs, mdo_base);
+
+  __ bind(not_inline_type);
+}
 
 void LIR_Assembler::emit_updatecrc32(LIR_OpUpdateCRC32* op) {
   assert(op->crc()->is_single_cpu(), "crc must be register");
@@ -3053,4 +3105,105 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_updatecrc32(LIR_OpUpdateCRC32* op) {
   __ mr(res, crc);
 }
 
+// Valhalla support
+
+void LIR_Assembler::check_orig_pc() {
+  Address address_for_orig_pc_addr = frame_map()->address_for_orig_pc_addr();
+  __ ld(R0, address_for_orig_pc_addr);
+  __ cmpdi(BOOL_RESULT, R0, (u1)NULL_WORD);
+}
+
+int LIR_Assembler::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(ciInlineKlass* vk) {
+  return (__ store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(vk, false));
+}
+
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_opFlattenedArrayCheck(LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck* op) {
+  // We are loading/storing from/to an array that *may* be a flat array (the
+  // declared type is Object[], abstract[], interface[] or VT.ref[]).
+  // If this array is a flat array, take the slow path.
+  __ test_flat_array_oop(op->array()->as_register(), op->tmp()->as_register(), *op->stub()->entry(), true);
+}
+
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_opNullFreeArrayCheck(LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck* op) {
+  // We are storing into an array that *may* be null-free (the declared type is
+  // Object[], abstract[], interface[] or VT.ref[]).
+  Label test_mark_word;
+  Register tmp = op->tmp()->as_register();
+  __ ld(tmp, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), op->array()->as_register());
+  __ andi_(R0, tmp, markWord::unlocked_value);
+  __ bne(CR0, test_mark_word);
+  __ load_prototype_header(tmp, op->array()->as_register());
+  __ bind(test_mark_word);
+  __ andi(R0, tmp, markWord::null_free_array_bit_in_place);
+  __ cmpwi(BOOL_RESULT, R0, 0);
+}
+
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_opSubstitutabilityCheck(LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck* op) {
+  Label L_oops_equal;
+  Label L_oops_not_equal;
+  Label L_end;
+
+  Register left  = op->left()->as_register();
+  Register right = op->right()->as_register();
+
+  __ cmpd(CR0, left, right);
+  __ beq(CR0, L_oops_equal);
+
+  // (1) Null check -- if one of the operands is null, the other must not be null (because
+  //     the two references are not equal), so they are not substitutable,
+  __ cmpdi(CR0, left, 0);
+  __ cmpdi(CR1, right, 0);
+  __ cror(CR0, Assembler::equal, CR1, Assembler::equal);
+  __ beq(CR0, L_oops_not_equal);
+
+  ciKlass* left_klass = op->left_klass();
+  ciKlass* right_klass = op->right_klass();
+
+  // (2) Inline type check -- if either of the operands is not an inline type,
+  //     they are not substitutable. We do this only if we are not sure that the
+  //     operands are inline type
+  if ((left_klass == nullptr || right_klass == nullptr) ||// The klass is still unloaded, or came from a Phi node.
+      !left_klass->is_inlinetype() || !right_klass->is_inlinetype()) {
+    Register tmp = op->tmp1()->as_register();
+    __ ld(tmp, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), left);
+    __ ld(R0, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), right);
+    __ andi(tmp, tmp, (intptr_t)markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+    __ andr(tmp, tmp, R0);
+    __ cmpdi(CR0, tmp, (intptr_t)markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+    __ bne(CR0, L_oops_not_equal);
+  }
+
+  // (3) Same klass check: if the operands are of different klasses, they are not substitutable.
+  if (left_klass != nullptr && left_klass->is_inlinetype() && left_klass == right_klass) {
+    // No need to load klass -- the operands are statically known to be the same inline klass.
+    __ b(*op->stub()->entry());
+  } else {
+    Register tmp1 = op->tmp1()->as_register();
+    Register tmp2 = op->tmp2()->as_register();
+    if (left == right) { // same operand, so clearly the same klasses, let's save the check
+      __ b(*op->stub()->entry());  //  -> do slow check
+    } else {
+      __ cmp_klasses_from_objects(CR0, left, right, tmp1, tmp2);
+      __ bc_far_optimized(Assembler::bcondCRbiIs1, __ bi0(CR0, Assembler::equal),
+                          *op->stub()->entry()); // same klass -> do slow check
+    }
+    // fall through to L_oops_not_equal
+  }
+
+  __ bind(L_oops_not_equal);
+  load_to_reg(this, op->not_equal_result(), op->result_opr());
+  __ b(L_end);
+
+  // We've returned from the stub. R3_RET (stub's _scratch_reg) contains 0x0 IFF the two
+  // operands are not substitutable. (Don't compare against 0x1 in case the
+  // C compiler is naughty)
+  __ bind(*op->stub()->continuation());
+  __ cmpdi(CR0, R3_RET, 0);
+  __ beq(CR0, L_oops_not_equal);
+
+  __ bind(L_oops_equal);
+  load_to_reg(this, op->equal_result(), op->result_opr()); // (call_stub() != 0x0) -> equal
+  // fall-through
+  __ bind(L_end);
+}
 #undef __
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.hpp
index 5a065d364b2..e7f79600920 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.hpp
@@ -66,6 +66,8 @@ enum {
   _deopt_handler_size = MacroAssembler::bl64_patchable_size + BytesPerInstWord
 };
 
+  void arraycopy_inlinetype_check(Register obj, Register tmp, CodeStub* slow_path, bool is_dest, bool null_check);
+
   // '_static_call_stub_size' is only used on ppc (see LIR_Assembler::emit_static_call_stub()
   // in c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.cpp. The other, shared getters are defined in c1_LIRAssembler.hpp
   static int static_call_stub_size() {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRGenerator_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRGenerator_ppc.cpp
index 56c069053c6..5fa10dcbfc9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRGenerator_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRGenerator_ppc.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2024 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp"
 #include "c1/c1_ValueStack.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciArray.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciTypeArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
@@ -351,10 +352,15 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_MonitorEnter(MonitorEnter* x) {
     info_for_exception = state_for(x);
   }
 
+  CodeStub* throw_ie_stub =
+      x->maybe_inlinetype() ?
+      new SimpleExceptionStub(StubId::c1_throw_identity_exception_id, obj.result(), state_for(x)) :
+      nullptr;
+
   // This CodeEmitInfo must not have the xhandlers because here the
   // object is already locked (xhandlers expects object to be unlocked).
   CodeEmitInfo* info = state_for(x, x->state(), true);
-  monitor_enter(obj.result(), lock, hdr, scratch, x->monitor_no(), info_for_exception, info);
+  monitor_enter(obj.result(), lock, hdr, scratch, x->monitor_no(), info_for_exception, info, throw_ie_stub);
 }
 
 
@@ -832,13 +838,14 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_NewInstance(NewInstance* x) {
     tty->print_cr("   ###class not loaded at new bci %d", x->printable_bci());
   }
 #endif
-  CodeEmitInfo* info = state_for(x, x->state());
+  CodeEmitInfo* info = state_for(x, x->needs_state_before() ? x->state_before() : x->state());
   LIR_Opr klass_reg = FrameMap::R4_metadata_opr; // Used by slow path (NewInstanceStub).
   LIR_Opr tmp1 = FrameMap::R5_oop_opr;
   LIR_Opr tmp2 = FrameMap::R6_oop_opr;
   LIR_Opr tmp3 = FrameMap::R7_oop_opr;
   LIR_Opr tmp4 = FrameMap::R8_oop_opr;
-  new_instance(reg, x->klass(), x->is_unresolved(), tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, tmp4, klass_reg, info);
+  new_instance(reg, x->klass(), x->is_unresolved(), !x->is_unresolved() && x->klass()->is_inlinetype(),
+               tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, tmp4, klass_reg, info);
 
   // Must prevent reordering of stores for object initialization
   // with stores that publish the new object.
@@ -907,13 +914,19 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_NewObjectArray(NewObjectArray* x) {
   LIR_Opr tmp4 = FrameMap::R8_oop_opr;
   LIR_Opr len = length.result();
 
-  CodeStub* slow_path = new NewObjectArrayStub(klass_reg, len, reg, info);
-  ciMetadata* obj = ciObjArrayKlass::make(x->klass());
+  ciKlass* obj = ciObjArrayKlass::make(x->klass());
+
+  // TODO 8265122 Implement a fast path for this
+  bool is_flat = obj->is_loaded() && obj->is_flat_array_klass();
+  bool is_null_free = obj->is_loaded() && obj->as_array_klass()->is_elem_null_free();
+
+  CodeStub* slow_path = new NewObjectArrayStub(klass_reg, len, reg, info, is_null_free);
   if (obj == ciEnv::unloaded_ciobjarrayklass()) {
     BAILOUT("encountered unloaded_ciobjarrayklass due to out of memory error");
   }
   klass2reg_with_patching(klass_reg, obj, patching_info);
-  __ allocate_array(reg, len, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, tmp4, T_OBJECT, klass_reg, slow_path);
+  bool always_slow_path = is_null_free || is_flat;
+  __ allocate_array(reg, len, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, tmp4, T_OBJECT, klass_reg, slow_path, true /*zero_array*/, always_slow_path);
 
   // Must prevent reordering of stores for object initialization
   // with stores that publish the new object.
@@ -1022,7 +1035,7 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_CheckCast(CheckCast* x) {
   LIR_Opr tmp3 = FrameMap::R6_oop_opr; // temp
   __ checkcast(out_reg, obj.result(), x->klass(), tmp1, tmp2, tmp3,
                x->direct_compare(), info_for_exception, patching_info, stub,
-               x->profiled_method(), x->profiled_bci());
+               x->profiled_method(), x->profiled_bci(), x->is_null_free());
 }
 
 
@@ -1067,17 +1080,21 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_If(If* x) {
   xin->load_item();
   left = xin->result();
 
-  if (yin->result()->is_constant() && yin->result()->type() == T_INT &&
-      Assembler::is_simm16(yin->result()->as_constant_ptr()->as_jint())) {
-    // Inline int constants which are small enough to be immediate operands.
-    right = LIR_OprFact::value_type(yin->value()->type());
-  } else if (tag == longTag && yin->is_constant() && yin->get_jlong_constant() == 0 &&
-             (cond == If::eql || cond == If::neq)) {
-    // Inline long zero.
-    right = LIR_OprFact::value_type(yin->value()->type());
-  } else if (tag == objectTag && yin->is_constant() && (yin->get_jobject_constant()->is_null_object())) {
-    right = LIR_OprFact::value_type(yin->value()->type());
-  } else {
+  if (yin->result()->is_constant() && !x->substitutability_check()) {
+    if (yin->result()->type() == T_INT &&
+        Assembler::is_simm16(yin->result()->as_constant_ptr()->as_jint())) {
+      // Inline int constants which are small enough to be immediate operands.
+      right = LIR_OprFact::value_type(yin->value()->type());
+    } else if (tag == longTag && yin->get_jlong_constant() == 0 &&
+               (cond == If::eql || cond == If::neq)) {
+      // Inline long zero.
+      right = LIR_OprFact::value_type(yin->value()->type());
+    } else if (tag == objectTag && (yin->get_jobject_constant()->is_null_object())) {
+      right = LIR_OprFact::value_type(yin->value()->type());
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (right == LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr) {
     yin->load_item();
     right = yin->result();
   }
@@ -1091,7 +1108,12 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_If(If* x) {
     __ safepoint(safepoint_poll_register(), state_for(x, x->state_before()));
   }
 
-  __ cmp(lir_cond(cond), left, right);
+  if (x->substitutability_check()) {
+    substitutability_check(x, *xin, *yin);
+  } else {
+    __ cmp(lir_cond(cond), left, right);
+  }
+
   // Generate branch profiling. Profiling code doesn't kill flags.
   profile_branch(x, cond);
   move_to_phi(x->state());
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_MacroAssembler_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_MacroAssembler_ppc.cpp
index 359c7cf22ad..2286cb6eaf1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_MacroAssembler_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_MacroAssembler_ppc.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,10 +27,13 @@
 #include "c1/c1_MacroAssembler.hpp"
 #include "c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp"
+#include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
+#include "gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/tlab_globals.hpp"
 #include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
 #include "oops/arrayOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/markWord.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/basicLock.hpp"
 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
@@ -45,19 +48,42 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::explicit_null_check(Register base) {
 }
 
 
-void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes) {
+void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame_helper(int frame_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, int sp_inc, bool reset_orig_pc, bool needs_stack_repair) {
   const Register return_pc = R20;
   mflr(return_pc);
+  std(return_pc, _abi0(lr), R1_SP);    // SP->lr = return_pc
+  push_frame(frame_size_in_bytes, R0); // SP -= frame_size_in_bytes
+
+  if (needs_stack_repair) {
+    // Save stack increment (also account for fixed framesize and rbp)
+    Unimplemented();
+  }
+  if (reset_orig_pc) {
+    // Zero orig_pc to detect deoptimization during buffering in the entry points
+    li(R0, 0);
+    untested("build_frame_helper reset_orig_pc");
+    std(R0, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, R1_SP);
+  }
+}
+
 
+void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes,
+                                    int sp_offset_for_orig_pc,
+                                    bool needs_stack_repair, bool has_scalarized_args,
+                                    Label* verified_inline_entry_label) {
   // Make sure there is enough stack space for this method's activation.
   assert(bang_size_in_bytes >= frame_size_in_bytes, "stack bang size incorrect");
   generate_stack_overflow_check(bang_size_in_bytes);
 
-  std(return_pc, _abi0(lr), R1_SP);     // SP->lr = return_pc
-  push_frame(frame_size_in_bytes, R0); // SP -= frame_size_in_bytes
+  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, 0, has_scalarized_args, needs_stack_repair);
 
   BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
   bs->nmethod_entry_barrier(this, R20);
+
+  if (verified_inline_entry_label != nullptr) {
+    // Jump here from the scalarized entry points that already created the frame.
+    bind(*verified_inline_entry_label);
+  }
 }
 
 
@@ -133,12 +159,20 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::try_allocate(
 void C1_MacroAssembler::initialize_header(Register obj, Register klass, Register len, Register t1, Register t2) {
   assert_different_registers(obj, klass, len, t1, t2);
 
-  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders || Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    // COH: Markword contains class pointer which is only known at runtime.
+    // Valhalla: Could have value class which has a different prototype header to a normal object.
+    // In both cases, we need to fetch dynamically.
     ld(t1, in_bytes(Klass::prototype_header_offset()), klass);
-    std(t1, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), obj);
   } else {
+    // Otherwise: Can use the statically computed prototype header which is the same for every object.
     load_const_optimized(t1, (intx)markWord::prototype().value());
-    std(t1, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), obj);
+  }
+  std(t1, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), obj);
+
+  if (!UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+    // COH: Markword already contains class pointer. Nothing else to do.
+    // Otherwise: Store encoded klass pointer following the markword
     store_klass(obj, klass);
   }
 
@@ -332,3 +366,8 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::null_check(Register r, Label* Lnull) {
     bc_far_optimized(Assembler::bcondCRbiIs1, bi0(CR0, Assembler::equal), *Lnull);
   }
 }
+
+int C1_MacroAssembler::scalarized_entry(const CompiledEntrySignature* ces, int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, Label& verified_inline_entry_label, bool is_inline_ro_entry) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_Runtime1_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_Runtime1_ppc.cpp
index 5649f23856c..b79491f0636 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_Runtime1_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_Runtime1_ppc.cpp
@@ -329,8 +329,8 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_stub_call(StubAssembler* sasm, Register result, ad
   return oop_maps;
 }
 
-static OopMapSet* stub_call_with_stack_parms(StubAssembler* sasm, Register result, address target,
-                                             int stack_parms, bool do_return = true) {
+static OopMapSet* stub_call_with_stack_parms(StubAssembler* sasm, Register oop_result, address target,
+                                             int stack_parms, bool do_return = true, Register result2 = noreg) {
   // Make a frame and preserve the caller's caller-save registers.
   const int parm_size_in_bytes = align_up(stack_parms << LogBytesPerWord, frame::alignment_in_bytes);
   const int padding = parm_size_in_bytes - (stack_parms << LogBytesPerWord);
@@ -345,14 +345,14 @@ static OopMapSet* stub_call_with_stack_parms(StubAssembler* sasm, Register resul
     case 1:
     __ ld(R4_ARG2, frame_size_in_bytes + padding + 0, R1_SP);
     case 0:
-    call_offset = __ call_RT(result, noreg, target);
+    call_offset = __ call_RT(oop_result, noreg, target);
     break;
     default: Unimplemented(); break;
   }
   OopMapSet* oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
   oop_maps->add_gc_map(call_offset, oop_map);
 
-  restore_live_registers(sasm, result, noreg);
+  restore_live_registers(sasm, oop_result, result2);
   if (do_return) __ blr();
   return oop_maps;
 }
@@ -432,25 +432,38 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
 
     case StubId::c1_new_type_array_id:
     case StubId::c1_new_object_array_id:
+    case StubId::c1_new_null_free_array_id:
       {
         if (id == StubId::c1_new_type_array_id) {
           __ set_info("new_type_array", dont_gc_arguments);
-        } else {
+        } else if (id == StubId::c1_new_object_array_id) {
           __ set_info("new_object_array", dont_gc_arguments);
+        } else {
+          __ set_info("new_null_free_array", dont_gc_arguments);
         }
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
         // Assert object type is really an array of the proper kind.
-        {
-          int tag = (id == StubId::c1_new_type_array_id) ? Klass::_lh_array_tag_type_value : Klass::_lh_array_tag_obj_value;
-          Label ok;
-          __ lwz(R0, in_bytes(Klass::layout_helper_offset()), R4_ARG2);
-          __ srawi(R0, R0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_shift);
-          __ cmpwi(CR0, R0, tag);
-          __ beq(CR0, ok);
-          __ stop("assert(is an array klass)");
-          __ should_not_reach_here();
-          __ bind(ok);
+        __ lwz(R0, in_bytes(Klass::layout_helper_offset()), R4_ARG2);
+        __ srawi(R0, R0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_shift);
+        switch (id) {
+          case StubId::c1_new_type_array_id:
+            __ cmpwi(CR0, R0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_type_value);
+            __ asm_assert_eq("assert(is a type array klass)");
+            break;
+          case StubId::c1_new_object_array_id:
+            __ cmpwi(CR0, R0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_ref_value);  // new "[Ljava/lang/Object;"
+            __ cmpwi(CR1, R0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_flat_value); // new "[LVT;"
+            __ cror(CR0, Assembler::equal, CR1, Assembler::equal);
+            __ asm_assert_eq("assert(is an object or inline type array klass)");
+            break;
+          case StubId::c1_new_null_free_array_id:
+            __ cmpwi(CR0, R0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_flat_value); // the array can be a flat array.
+            __ cmpwi(CR1, R0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_ref_value);  // the array cannot be a flat array (due to the InlineArrayElementMaxFlatSize, etc.)
+            __ cror(CR0, Assembler::equal, CR1, Assembler::equal);
+            __ asm_assert_eq("assert(is an object or inline type array klass)");
+            break;
+          default: ShouldNotReachHere();
         }
 #endif // ASSERT
 
@@ -458,8 +471,11 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
 
         if (id == StubId::c1_new_type_array_id) {
           oop_maps = generate_stub_call(sasm, R3_RET, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, new_type_array), R4_ARG2, R5_ARG3);
-        } else {
+        } else if (id == StubId::c1_new_object_array_id) {
           oop_maps = generate_stub_call(sasm, R3_RET, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, new_object_array), R4_ARG2, R5_ARG3);
+        } else {
+          assert(id == StubId::c1_new_null_free_array_id, "must be");
+          oop_maps = generate_stub_call(sasm, R3_RET, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, new_null_free_array), R4_ARG2, R5_ARG3);
         }
       }
       break;
@@ -474,6 +490,36 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
       }
       break;
 
+    case StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_id:
+    case StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_no_receiver_id:
+      {
+        address entry = (id == StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_id) ?
+          CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, buffer_inline_args) :
+          CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, buffer_inline_args_no_receiver);
+
+        __ unimplemented("c1_buffer_inline_args"); // TODO: handle arguments and return value
+        OopMap* oop_map = save_live_registers(sasm);
+        int call_offset = __ call_RT(noreg, noreg, entry, R3_ARG1);
+
+        oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+        oop_maps->add_gc_map(call_offset, oop_map);
+        restore_live_registers(sasm, R3_RET, noreg);
+        __ blr();
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case StubId::c1_load_flat_array_id:
+      oop_maps = stub_call_with_stack_parms(sasm, R3_RET, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, load_flat_array), 2);
+      break;
+
+    case StubId::c1_store_flat_array_id:
+      oop_maps = stub_call_with_stack_parms(sasm, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, store_flat_array), 3);
+      break;
+
+    case StubId::c1_substitutability_check_id:
+      oop_maps = stub_call_with_stack_parms(sasm, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, substitutability_check), 2, true, R3_RET);
+      break;
+
     case StubId::c1_register_finalizer_id:
       {
         __ set_info("register_finalizer", dont_gc_arguments);
@@ -591,11 +637,25 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
 
     case StubId::c1_throw_incompatible_class_change_error_id:
       {
-        __ set_info("throw_incompatible_class_cast_exception", dont_gc_arguments);
+        __ set_info("throw_incompatible_class_change_error", dont_gc_arguments);
         oop_maps = generate_exception_throw(sasm, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, throw_incompatible_class_change_error), false);
       }
       break;
 
+    case StubId::c1_throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception_id:
+      {
+        __ set_info("c1_throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception", dont_gc_arguments);
+        oop_maps = generate_exception_throw(sasm, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception), false);
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case StubId::c1_throw_identity_exception_id:
+      {
+        __ set_info("throw_identity_exception", dont_gc_arguments);
+        oop_maps = generate_exception_throw(sasm, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, throw_identity_exception), true);
+      }
+      break;
+
     case StubId::c1_slow_subtype_check_id:
       { // Support for uint StubRoutine::partial_subtype_check( Klass sub, Klass super );
         const Register sub_klass = R5,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/continuationEntry_ppc.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/continuationEntry_ppc.inline.hpp
index 4af637b2988..0b2f043b2fb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/continuationEntry_ppc.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/continuationEntry_ppc.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
 #include "runtime/continuationEntry.hpp"
 
+#include "code/codeCache.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/registerMap.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/continuationFreezeThaw_ppc.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/continuationFreezeThaw_ppc.inline.hpp
index 82167949065..3f81b1f482e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/continuationFreezeThaw_ppc.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/continuationFreezeThaw_ppc.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -56,6 +57,9 @@ inline frame FreezeBase::sender(const frame& f) {
     return frame(f.sender_sp(), f.sender_pc(), f.interpreter_frame_sender_sp());
   }
 
+  assert(f.cb() == nullptr || !f.cb()->is_nmethod() || !f.cb()->as_nmethod()->needs_stack_repair(),
+         "unsupported");
+
   intptr_t* sender_sp = f.sender_sp();
   address sender_pc = f.sender_pc();
   assert(sender_sp != f.sp(), "must have changed");
@@ -269,7 +273,8 @@ inline void FreezeBase::set_top_frame_metadata_pd(const frame& hf) {
 //      See also StackChunkFrameStream::frame_size().      ==========================
 //
 template<typename FKind>
-frame FreezeBase::new_heap_frame(frame& f, frame& caller) {
+frame FreezeBase::new_heap_frame(frame& f, frame& caller, int size_adjust) {
+  assert(size_adjust == 0, "unsupported");
   assert(FKind::is_instance(f), "");
 
   intptr_t *sp, *fp;
@@ -317,7 +322,7 @@ frame FreezeBase::new_heap_frame(frame& f, frame& caller) {
   }
 }
 
-inline void FreezeBase::patch_pd(frame& hf, const frame& caller) {
+inline void FreezeBase::patch_pd(frame& hf, const frame& caller, bool is_bottom_frame) {
   if (caller.is_interpreted_frame()) {
     assert(!caller.is_empty(), "");
     patch_callee_link_relative(caller, caller.fp());
@@ -503,7 +508,8 @@ inline frame ThawBase::new_entry_frame() {
 //  limited/known. In contrast to the interpreted caller case the abi overlaps with the caller
 //  if there are no stackargs. This is to comply with shared code (see e.g. StackChunkFrameStream::frame_size())
 //
-template<typename FKind> frame ThawBase::new_stack_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, bool bottom) {
+template<typename FKind> frame ThawBase::new_stack_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, bool bottom, int size_adjust) {
+  assert(size_adjust == 0, "unsupported");
   assert(FKind::is_instance(hf), "");
 
   assert(is_aligned(caller.fp(), frame::frame_alignment), PTR_FORMAT, p2i(caller.fp()));
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/continuationHelper_ppc.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/continuationHelper_ppc.inline.hpp
index 1471a6299ee..d1bc6ee620a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/continuationHelper_ppc.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/continuationHelper_ppc.inline.hpp
@@ -106,6 +106,8 @@ inline void ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::patch_sender_sp(frame& f, cons
 }
 
 inline address* ContinuationHelper::Frame::return_pc_address(const frame& f) {
+  assert(f.cb() == nullptr || !f.cb()->is_nmethod() || !f.cb()->as_nmethod()->needs_stack_repair(),
+         "unsupported");
   return (address*)&f.callers_abi()->lr;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/foreignGlobals_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/foreignGlobals_ppc.cpp
index c74cd3781a2..5069030ce51 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/foreignGlobals_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/foreignGlobals_ppc.cpp
@@ -44,11 +44,11 @@ const ABIDescriptor ForeignGlobals::parse_abi_descriptor(jobject jabi) {
   oop abi_oop = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(jabi);
   ABIDescriptor abi;
 
-  objArrayOop inputStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::inputStorage(abi_oop);
+  refArrayOop inputStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::inputStorage(abi_oop);
   parse_register_array(inputStorage, StorageType::INTEGER, abi._integer_argument_registers, as_Register);
   parse_register_array(inputStorage, StorageType::FLOAT, abi._float_argument_registers, as_FloatRegister);
 
-  objArrayOop outputStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::outputStorage(abi_oop);
+  refArrayOop outputStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::outputStorage(abi_oop);
   parse_register_array(outputStorage, StorageType::INTEGER, abi._integer_return_registers, as_Register);
   parse_register_array(outputStorage, StorageType::FLOAT, abi._float_return_registers, as_FloatRegister);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.cpp
index 7d2e22b5965..3803be5fddb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.cpp
@@ -120,6 +120,9 @@ bool frame::safe_for_sender(JavaThread *thread) {
     intptr_t* sender_sp = (intptr_t*) fp;
     address   sender_pc = (address) sender_abi->lr;
 
+    DEBUG_ONLY(nmethod* nm = _cb->as_nmethod_or_null());
+    assert(nm == nullptr || !nm->needs_stack_repair(), "unsupported");
+
     if (Continuation::is_return_barrier_entry(sender_pc)) {
       // sender_pc might be invalid so check that the frame
       // actually belongs to a Continuation.
@@ -458,6 +461,8 @@ void frame::describe_pd(FrameValues& values, int frame_no) {
   }
 
   if (is_java_frame() || Continuation::is_continuation_enterSpecial(*this)) {
+    DEBUG_ONLY(nmethod* nm = _cb->as_nmethod_or_null());
+    assert(nm == nullptr || !nm->needs_stack_repair(), "unsupported");
     intptr_t* ret_pc_loc = (intptr_t*)&own_abi()->lr;
     address ret_pc = *(address*)ret_pc_loc;
     values.describe(frame_no, ret_pc_loc,
@@ -492,3 +497,18 @@ BasicObjectLock* frame::interpreter_frame_monitor_end() const {
 intptr_t* frame::interpreter_frame_tos_at(jint offset) const {
   return &interpreter_frame_tos_address()[offset];
 }
+
+intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(nmethod* nm, intptr_t* sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) {
+  assert(nm != nullptr && nm->needs_stack_repair(), "");
+  Unimplemented();
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+bool frame::was_augmented_on_entry(int& real_size) const {
+  assert(is_compiled_frame(), "");
+  if (_cb->as_nmethod_or_null()->needs_stack_repair()) {
+    Unimplemented();
+  }
+  real_size = _cb->frame_size();
+  return false;
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.hpp
index 43d5fd41068..5fe5466b2b2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.hpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -404,10 +404,15 @@
     frame_alignment                        = 16,
     frame_alignment_in_words               = frame_alignment >> LogBytesPerWord,
     // size, in words, of maximum shift in frame position due to alignment
-    align_wiggle                           =  1
+    align_wiggle                           =  1,
+    // This is wrong and unimplemented
+    sender_sp_offset                       =  0
   };
 
   // returns the sending frame, without applying any barriers
   inline frame sender_raw(RegisterMap* map) const;
 
+  static intptr_t* repair_sender_sp(nmethod* nm, intptr_t* sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr);
+  bool was_augmented_on_entry(int& real_size) const;
+
 #endif // CPU_PPC_FRAME_PPC_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.inline.hpp
index 123e6d8a0b1..fb4213e9b53 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.inline.hpp
@@ -327,6 +327,7 @@ inline frame frame::sender(RegisterMap* map) const {
 
 inline frame frame::sender_for_compiled_frame(RegisterMap *map) const {
   assert(map != nullptr, "map must be set");
+  assert(!_cb->is_nmethod() || !_cb->as_nmethod()->needs_stack_repair(), "unsupported");
 
   intptr_t* sender_sp = this->sender_sp();
   address   sender_pc = this->sender_pc();
@@ -335,6 +336,11 @@ inline frame frame::sender_for_compiled_frame(RegisterMap *map) const {
     // Tell GC to use argument oopmaps for some runtime stubs that need it.
     // For C1, the runtime stub might not have oop maps, so set this flag
     // outside of update_register_map.
+#ifdef COMPILER1
+    DEBUG_ONLY(nmethod* nm = _cb->as_nmethod_or_null());
+    assert(nm == nullptr || !nm->is_compiled_by_c1() || !nm->method()->has_scalarized_args() ||
+           pc() >= nm->verified_inline_entry_point(), "unsupported");
+#endif
     if (!_cb->is_nmethod()) { // compiled frames do not use callee-saved registers
       map->set_include_argument_oops(_cb->caller_must_gc_arguments(map->thread()));
       if (oop_map() != nullptr) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_ppc.cpp
index 5c3e1302ed3..e27390203fb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_ppc.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -281,14 +281,22 @@ void G1BarrierSetAssembler::oop_store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet deco
                                        Register base, RegisterOrConstant ind_or_offs, Register val,
                                        Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3,
                                        MacroAssembler::PreservationLevel preservation_level) {
+  bool in_heap = (decorators & IN_HEAP) != 0;
+  bool as_normal = (decorators & AS_NORMAL) != 0;
+  bool dest_uninitialized = (decorators & IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED) != 0;
+  bool needs_pre_barrier = as_normal && !dest_uninitialized;
+  bool needs_post_barrier = (val != noreg && in_heap);
   bool is_array = (decorators & IS_ARRAY) != 0;
   bool on_anonymous = (decorators & ON_UNKNOWN_OOP_REF) != 0;
   bool precise = is_array || on_anonymous;
+
   // Load and record the previous value.
-  g1_write_barrier_pre(masm, decorators,
-                       base, ind_or_offs,
-                       tmp1, tmp2, tmp3,
-                       preservation_level);
+  if (needs_pre_barrier) {
+    g1_write_barrier_pre(masm, decorators,
+                         base, ind_or_offs,
+                         tmp1, tmp2, tmp3,
+                         preservation_level);
+  }
 
   BarrierSetAssembler::store_at(masm, decorators,
                                 type, base, ind_or_offs, val,
@@ -296,7 +304,7 @@ void G1BarrierSetAssembler::oop_store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet deco
                                 preservation_level);
 
   // No need for post barrier if storing null
-  if (val != noreg) {
+  if (needs_post_barrier) {
     if (precise) {
       if (ind_or_offs.is_constant()) {
         __ add_const_optimized(base, base, ind_or_offs.as_constant(), tmp1);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_ppc.cpp
index 7a9e29191b9..3ec6cb5c4a5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_ppc.cpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod.hpp"
+#include "gc/shared/barrierSetRuntime.hpp"
 #include "interpreter/interp_masm.hpp"
 #include "oops/compressedOops.hpp"
 #include "runtime/jniHandles.hpp"
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@ void BarrierSetAssembler::store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators
     if (UseCompressedOops && in_heap) {
       Register co = tmp1;
       if (val == noreg) {
+        assert(!not_null, "inconsistent access");
         __ li(co, 0);
       } else {
         co = not_null ? __ encode_heap_oop_not_null(tmp1, val) : __ encode_heap_oop(tmp1, val);
@@ -62,6 +64,7 @@ void BarrierSetAssembler::store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators
       __ stw(co, ind_or_offs, base, tmp2);
     } else {
       if (val == noreg) {
+        assert(!not_null, "inconsistent access");
         val = tmp1;
         __ li(val, 0);
       }
@@ -113,6 +116,19 @@ void BarrierSetAssembler::load_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators,
   }
 }
 
+void BarrierSetAssembler::flat_field_copy(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators,
+                                          Register src, Register dst, Register inline_layout_info) {
+  // flat_field_copy implementation is fairly complex, and there are not any
+  // "short-cuts" to be made from asm. What there is, appears to have the same
+  // cost in C++, so just "call_VM_leaf" for now rather than maintain hundreds
+  // of hand-rolled instructions...
+  if (decorators & IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED) {
+    __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, BarrierSetRuntime::value_copy_is_dest_uninitialized), src, dst, inline_layout_info);
+  } else {
+    __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, BarrierSetRuntime::value_copy), src, dst, inline_layout_info);
+  }
+}
+
 // Generic implementation. GCs can provide an optimized one.
 void BarrierSetAssembler::resolve_jobject(MacroAssembler* masm, Register value,
                                           Register tmp1, Register tmp2,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_ppc.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_ppc.hpp
index 8e8c4d41c3b..27383be3cf8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_ppc.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_ppc.hpp
@@ -60,6 +60,9 @@ class BarrierSetAssembler: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
                        Register tmp1, Register tmp2,
                        MacroAssembler::PreservationLevel preservation_level, Label *L_handle_null = nullptr);
 
+  virtual void flat_field_copy(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators,
+                               Register src, Register dst, Register inline_layout_info);
+
   virtual void resolve_jobject(MacroAssembler* masm, Register value,
                                Register tmp1, Register tmp2,
                                MacroAssembler::PreservationLevel preservation_level);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod_ppc.cpp
index 96fa03df519..02117f59c1c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod_ppc.cpp
@@ -156,6 +156,8 @@ void BarrierSetNMethod::set_guard_value(nmethod* nm, int value, int bit_mask) {
     return;
   }
 
+  assert(nm->is_osr_method() || !nm->method()->has_scalarized_args(), "unsupported");
+
   NativeNMethodBarrier* barrier = get_nmethod_barrier(nm);
   barrier->release_set_guard_value(value, bit_mask);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/globals_ppc.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/globals_ppc.hpp
index aba3a99b0d8..e64794dc166 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/globals_ppc.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/globals_ppc.hpp
@@ -77,6 +77,9 @@ define_pd_global(bool, CompactStrings, true);
 // 2x unrolled loop is shorter with more than 9 HeapWords.
 define_pd_global(intx, InitArrayShortSize, 9*BytesPerLong);
 
+define_pd_global(bool, InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, false);
+define_pd_global(bool, InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, false);
+
 // Platform dependent flag handling: flags only defined on this platform.
 #define ARCH_FLAGS(develop,                                                 \
                    product,                                                 \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/interp_masm_ppc.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/interp_masm_ppc.hpp
index 45af9bfc252..043eda1a068 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/interp_masm_ppc.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/interp_masm_ppc.hpp
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
   // Generate a subtype check: branch to ok_is_subtype if sub_klass is
   // a subtype of super_klass.  Blows registers tmp1, tmp2 and tmp3.
   void gen_subtype_check(Register sub_klass, Register super_klass,
-                         Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3, Label &ok_is_subtype);
+                         Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3, Label &ok_is_subtype, bool profile = true);
 
   // Load object from cpool->resolved_references(index).
   void load_resolved_reference_at_index(Register result, Register index, Register tmp1, Register tmp2,
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
   void update_mdp_for_ret(TosState state, Register return_bci);
 
   void profile_taken_branch(Register scratch, Register bumped_count);
-  void profile_not_taken_branch(Register scratch1, Register scratch2);
+  void profile_not_taken_branch(Register scratch1, Register scratch2, bool acmp = false);
   void profile_call(Register scratch1, Register scratch2);
   void profile_final_call(Register scratch1, Register scratch2);
   void profile_virtual_call(Register Rreceiver, Register Rscratch1, Register Rscratch2);
@@ -265,6 +265,12 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
   void profile_switch_case(Register index, Register scratch1,Register scratch2, Register scratch3);
   void profile_null_seen(Register Rscratch1, Register Rscratch2);
 
+  template <class ArrayData> void profile_array_type(Register array, Register tmp1, Register tmp2);
+
+  void profile_multiple_element_types(Register element, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3);
+  void profile_element_type(Register element, Register tmp1, Register tmp2);
+  void profile_acmp(Register left, Register right, Register tmp1, Register tmp2);
+
   // Argument and return type profiling.
   void profile_obj_type(Register obj, Register mdo_addr_base, RegisterOrConstant mdo_addr_offs, Register tmp, Register tmp2);
   void profile_arguments_type(Register callee, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, bool is_virtual);
@@ -281,6 +287,13 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
   void notify_method_entry();
   void notify_method_exit(bool is_native_method, TosState state,
                           NotifyMethodExitMode mode, bool check_exceptions);
+
+  // Allocate instance in "obj" and read in the content of the inline field
+  // NOTES:
+  //   - input holder object via "obj", which must be r0,
+  //     will return new instance via the same reg
+  void read_flat_field(Register entry, Register obj);
+  void write_flat_field(Register entry, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register obj, Register field_offset, Register value);
 };
 
 #endif // CPU_PPC_INTERP_MASM_PPC_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/interp_masm_ppc_64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/interp_masm_ppc_64.cpp
index 789f8da9574..49d9c6dd1cf 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/interp_masm_ppc_64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/interp_masm_ppc_64.cpp
@@ -555,9 +555,11 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::load_resolved_klass_at_offset(Register Rcpool, R
 // Generate a subtype check: branch to ok_is_subtype if sub_klass is
 // a subtype of super_klass. Blows registers Rsub_klass, tmp1, tmp2.
 void InterpreterMacroAssembler::gen_subtype_check(Register Rsub_klass, Register Rsuper_klass, Register Rtmp1,
-                                                  Register Rtmp2, Register Rtmp3, Label &ok_is_subtype) {
+                                                  Register Rtmp2, Register Rtmp3, Label &ok_is_subtype, bool profile) {
   // Profile the not-null value's klass.
-  profile_typecheck(Rsub_klass, Rtmp1, Rtmp2);
+  if (profile) {
+    profile_typecheck(Rsub_klass, Rtmp1, Rtmp2);
+  }
   check_klass_subtype(Rsub_klass, Rsuper_klass, Rtmp1, Rtmp2, ok_is_subtype);
 }
 
@@ -921,6 +923,41 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::remove_activation(TosState state,
     bind(no_reserved_zone_enabling);
   }
 
+  if (state == atos && InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+    Label skip, not_null;
+    cmpdi(CR0, R17_tos, 0);
+    bne(CR0, not_null);
+
+    untested("remove_activation InlineTypeReturnedAsFields null");
+    // Returned value is null, zero all return registers because they may belong to oop fields
+    li(R3_ARG1, 0);
+    li(R4_ARG2, 0);
+    li(R5_ARG3, 0);
+    li(R6_ARG4, 0);
+    li(R7_ARG5, 0);
+    li(R8_ARG6, 0);
+    li(R9_ARG7, 0);
+    li(R10_ARG8, 0);
+    b(skip);
+
+    bind(not_null);
+
+    // Check if we are returning an non-null inline type and load its fields into registers
+    test_oop_is_not_inline_type(R17_tos, skip, /* can_be_null= */ false);
+
+    // Load fields from a buffered value with an inline class specific handler
+    load_klass(R11_scratch1, R17_tos);
+    ld(R11_scratch1, InlineKlass::adr_members_offset(), R11_scratch1);
+    ld(R11_scratch1, InlineKlass::unpack_handler_offset(), R11_scratch1);
+    // Unpack handler can be null if inline type is not scalarizable in returns
+    cmpdi(CR0, R11_scratch1, 0);
+    beq(CR0, skip);
+    mtctr(R11_scratch1);
+    bctrl();
+
+    bind(skip);
+  }
+
   verify_oop(R17_tos, state);
 
   remove_top_frame_given_fp(fp, R21_sender_SP, R23_tmp3, /*return_pc*/ R0, R11_scratch1);
@@ -1286,7 +1323,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_taken_branch(Register scratch, Register
 }
 
 // Count a not-taken branch in the bytecodes.
-void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_not_taken_branch(Register scratch1, Register scratch2) {
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_not_taken_branch(Register scratch1, Register scratch2, bool acmp) {
   if (ProfileInterpreter) {
     Label profile_continue;
 
@@ -1298,7 +1335,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_not_taken_branch(Register scratch1, Regi
 
     // The method data pointer needs to be updated to correspond to the
     // next bytecode.
-    update_mdp_by_constant(in_bytes(BranchData::branch_data_size()));
+    update_mdp_by_constant(acmp ? in_bytes(ACmpData::acmp_data_size()) : in_bytes(BranchData::branch_data_size()));
     bind (profile_continue);
   }
 }
@@ -1460,6 +1497,111 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_switch_case(Register index,
   }
 }
 
+template <class ArrayData> void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_array_type(Register array,
+                                                                              Register tmp1,
+                                                                              Register tmp2) {
+  if (ProfileInterpreter) {
+    Label profile_continue;
+    assert_different_registers(array, tmp1, tmp2);
+
+    // If no method data exists, go to profile_continue.
+    test_method_data_pointer(profile_continue);
+
+    profile_obj_type(array, R28_mdx, in_bytes(ArrayData::array_offset()), tmp1, tmp2);
+
+    Label not_flat;
+    test_non_flat_array_oop(array, tmp1, not_flat);
+    set_mdp_flag_at(ArrayData::flat_array_byte_constant(), tmp1);
+    bind(not_flat);
+
+    Label not_null_free;
+    test_non_null_free_array_oop(array, tmp1, not_null_free);
+    set_mdp_flag_at(ArrayData::null_free_array_byte_constant(), tmp1);
+    bind(not_null_free);
+
+    bind(profile_continue);
+  }
+}
+
+template void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_array_type<ArrayLoadData>(Register array,
+                                                                           Register tmp1,
+                                                                           Register tmp2);
+template void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_array_type<ArrayStoreData>(Register array,
+                                                                            Register tmp1,
+                                                                            Register tmp2);
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_multiple_element_types(Register element, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3) {
+  if (ProfileInterpreter) {
+    Label profile_continue;
+
+    // If no method data exists, go to profile_continue.
+    test_method_data_pointer(profile_continue);
+
+    Label done, update;
+    cmpdi(CR0, element, 0);
+    bne(CR0, update);
+    set_mdp_flag_at(BitData::null_seen_byte_constant(), tmp1);
+    b(done);
+
+    bind(update);
+    load_klass(tmp1, element);
+
+    // Record the object type.
+    profile_receiver_type(tmp1, R28_mdx, 0, tmp2, tmp3);
+
+    bind(done);
+
+    // The method data pointer needs to be updated.
+    update_mdp_by_constant(in_bytes(ArrayStoreData::array_store_data_size()));
+
+    bind(profile_continue);
+  }
+}
+
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_element_type(Register element, Register tmp1, Register tmp2) {
+  if (ProfileInterpreter) {
+    Label profile_continue;
+
+    // If no method data exists, go to profile_continue.
+    test_method_data_pointer(profile_continue);
+
+    profile_obj_type(element, R28_mdx, in_bytes(ArrayLoadData::element_offset()), tmp1, tmp2);
+
+    // The method data pointer needs to be updated.
+    update_mdp_by_constant(in_bytes(ArrayLoadData::array_load_data_size()));
+
+    bind(profile_continue);
+  }
+}
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_acmp(Register left,
+                                             Register right,
+                                             Register tmp1,
+                                             Register tmp2) {
+  if (ProfileInterpreter) {
+    Label profile_continue;
+    assert_different_registers(left, right, tmp1, tmp2);
+
+    // If no method data exists, go to profile_continue.
+    test_method_data_pointer(profile_continue);
+
+    profile_obj_type(left, R28_mdx, in_bytes(ACmpData::left_offset()), tmp1, tmp2);
+
+    Label left_not_inline_type;
+    test_oop_is_not_inline_type(left, left_not_inline_type);
+    set_mdp_flag_at(ACmpData::left_inline_type_byte_constant(), tmp1);
+    bind(left_not_inline_type);
+
+    profile_obj_type(right, R28_mdx, in_bytes(ACmpData::right_offset()), tmp1, tmp2);
+
+    test_oop_is_not_inline_type(right, profile_continue);
+    set_mdp_flag_at(ACmpData::right_inline_type_byte_constant(), tmp1);
+
+    bind(profile_continue);
+  }
+}
+
 void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_null_seen(Register Rscratch1, Register Rscratch2) {
   if (ProfileInterpreter) {
     assert_different_registers(Rscratch1, Rscratch2);
@@ -1597,7 +1739,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_arguments_type(Register callee,
         // argument. tmp1 is the number of cells left in the
         // CallTypeData/VirtualCallTypeData to reach its end. Non null
         // if there's a return to profile.
-        assert(ReturnTypeEntry::static_cell_count() < TypeStackSlotEntries::per_arg_count(),
+        assert(SingleTypeEntry::static_cell_count() < TypeStackSlotEntries::per_arg_count(),
                "can't move past ret type");
         sldi(tmp1, tmp1, exact_log2(DataLayout::cell_size));
         add(R28_mdx, tmp1, R28_mdx);
@@ -1638,7 +1780,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_return_type(Register ret, Register tmp1,
       bne(CR0, profile_continue);
     }
 
-    profile_obj_type(ret, R28_mdx, -in_bytes(ReturnTypeEntry::size()), tmp1, tmp2);
+    profile_obj_type(ret, R28_mdx, -in_bytes(SingleTypeEntry::size()), tmp1, tmp2);
 
     align(32, 12);
     bind(profile_continue);
@@ -2287,3 +2429,35 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::notify_method_exit(bool is_native_method, TosSta
 
   // Dtrace support not implemented.
 }
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::read_flat_field(Register entry, Register obj) {
+  call_VM(obj, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::read_flat_field), obj, entry);
+}
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::write_flat_field(Register entry, Register tmp1, Register tmp2,
+                                                 Register obj, Register field_offset, Register value) {
+  assert_different_registers(entry, field_offset, tmp1, tmp2, obj, value);
+  Label slow_path, done;
+
+  lbz(tmp1, in_bytes(ResolvedFieldEntry::flags_offset()), entry);
+  test_field_is_not_null_free_inline_type(tmp1, slow_path);
+
+  null_check_throw(value, -1, tmp1);
+
+  add(obj, obj, field_offset);
+
+  load_klass(tmp1, value);
+  payload_address(value, value, tmp1, tmp2);
+
+  Register layout_info = field_offset;
+  lbz(tmp1, in_bytes(ResolvedFieldEntry::field_index_offset()), entry);
+  ld(tmp2, in_bytes(ResolvedFieldEntry::field_holder_offset()), entry);
+  inline_layout_info(tmp2, tmp1, layout_info);
+
+  flat_field_copy(IN_HEAP, value, obj, layout_info);
+  b(done);
+
+  bind(slow_path);
+  call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::write_flat_field), obj, value, entry);
+  bind(done);
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/jniFastGetField_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/jniFastGetField_ppc.cpp
index 1c48ee4412e..5f83651b5bf 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/jniFastGetField_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/jniFastGetField_ppc.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "prims/jniFastGetField.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvm_misc.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
+#include "runtime/jfieldIDWorkaround.hpp"
 #include "runtime/safepoint.hpp"
 
 #define __ masm->
@@ -98,7 +99,7 @@ address JNI_FastGetField::generate_fast_get_int_field0(BasicType type) {
   BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
   bs->try_resolve_jobject_in_native(masm, Robj, R3_ARG1, R4_ARG2, Rtmp, slow);
 
-  __ srwi(Rtmp, R5_ARG3, 2); // offset
+  __ srwi(Rtmp, R5_ARG3, jfieldIDWorkaround::offset_shift); // offset
 
   assert(count < LIST_CAPACITY, "LIST_CAPACITY too small");
   speculative_load_pclist[count] = __ pc();   // Used by the segfault handler
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/macroAssembler_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/macroAssembler_ppc.cpp
index 54327b738d6..fe0ac25f58c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/macroAssembler_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/macroAssembler_ppc.cpp
@@ -3322,6 +3322,131 @@ void MacroAssembler::load_method_holder(Register holder, Register method) {
   ld(holder, ConstantPool::pool_holder_offset(), holder);
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::test_markword_is_inline_type(Register markword, Label& is_inline_type) {
+  assert_different_registers(markword, R0);
+  andi(R0, markword, markWord::inline_type_pattern_mask);
+  cmpwi(CR0, R0, markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+  beq(CR0, is_inline_type);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_oop_is_not_inline_type(Register object, Label& not_inline_type, bool can_be_null) {
+  if (can_be_null) {
+    cmpdi(CR0, object, 0);
+    beq(CR0, not_inline_type);
+  }
+  ld(R0, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), object);
+  andi(R0, R0, markWord::inline_type_pattern_mask);
+  cmpwi(CR0, R0, markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+  bne(CR0, not_inline_type);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_field_is_null_free_inline_type(Register flags, Label& is_null_free_inline_type) {
+  testbitdi(CR0, R0, flags, ResolvedFieldEntry::is_null_free_inline_type_shift);
+  bne(CR0, is_null_free_inline_type);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_field_is_not_null_free_inline_type(Register flags, Label& not_null_free_inline_type) {
+  testbitdi(CR0, R0, flags, ResolvedFieldEntry::is_null_free_inline_type_shift);
+  beq(CR0, not_null_free_inline_type);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_field_is_flat(Register flags, Label& is_flat) {
+  testbitdi(CR0, R0, flags, ResolvedFieldEntry::is_flat_shift);
+  bne(CR0, is_flat);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_oop_prototype_bit(Register oop, Register temp_reg, int32_t test_bit, bool jmp_set,
+                                            Label& jmp_label, bool maybe_far) {
+  // load mark word
+  ld(temp_reg, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), oop);
+  if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
+    Label test_mark_word;
+    // if unlocked bit is set we can directly use the mark word
+    andi_(R0, temp_reg, markWord::unlocked_value);
+    bne(CR0, test_mark_word);
+    // slow path use klass prototype
+    load_prototype_header(temp_reg, oop);
+
+    bind(test_mark_word);
+  }
+  andi_(R0, temp_reg, test_bit);
+  if (maybe_far) {
+    bc_far_optimized(jmp_set ? Assembler::bcondCRbiIs0 : Assembler::bcondCRbiIs1,
+                     bi0(CR0, Assembler::equal), jmp_label);
+  } else {
+    if (jmp_set) {
+      bne(CR0, jmp_label);
+    } else {
+      beq(CR0, jmp_label);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_flat_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_flat_array, bool maybe_far) {
+  test_oop_prototype_bit(oop, temp_reg, markWord::flat_array_bit_in_place, true, is_flat_array, maybe_far);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_non_flat_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_non_flat_array) {
+  test_oop_prototype_bit(oop, temp_reg, markWord::flat_array_bit_in_place, false, is_non_flat_array);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_null_free_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_null_free_array, bool maybe_far) {
+  test_oop_prototype_bit(oop, temp_reg, markWord::null_free_array_bit_in_place, true, is_null_free_array, maybe_far);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_non_null_free_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_non_null_free_array) {
+  test_oop_prototype_bit(oop, temp_reg, markWord::null_free_array_bit_in_place, false, is_non_null_free_array);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_flat_array_layout(Register lh, Label& is_flat_array) {
+  testbitdi(CR0, R0, lh, exact_log2(Klass::_lh_array_tag_flat_value_bit_inplace));
+  bne(CR0, is_flat_array);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::load_metadata(Register dst, Register src) {
+  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+    load_narrow_klass_compact(dst, src);
+  } else {
+    lwz(dst, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes(), src);
+  }
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::load_prototype_header(Register dst, Register src) {
+  load_klass(dst, src);
+  ld(dst, Klass::prototype_header_offset(), dst);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::flat_field_copy(DecoratorSet decorators, Register src, Register dst, Register inline_layout_info) {
+  BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
+  bs->flat_field_copy(this, decorators, src, dst, inline_layout_info);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::payload_offset(Register inline_klass, Register offset) {
+  ld(offset, in_bytes(InlineKlass::adr_members_offset()), inline_klass);
+  lwz(offset, in_bytes(InlineKlass::payload_offset_offset()), offset);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::payload_address(Register oop, Register data, Register inline_klass, Register t1) {
+  // ((address) (void*) o) + vk->payload_offset();
+  payload_offset(inline_klass, t1);
+  add(data, oop, t1);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::inline_layout_info(Register holder_klass, Register index, Register layout_info) {
+  assert_different_registers(holder_klass, index, layout_info);
+  InlineLayoutInfo array[2];
+  int size = (char*)&array[1] - (char*)&array[0]; // computing size of array elements
+  if (is_power_of_2(size)) {
+    sldi(index, index, log2i_exact(size)); // Scale index by power of 2
+  } else {
+    mulld(index, index, size); // Scale the index to be the entry index * array_element_size
+  }
+  ld(layout_info, InstanceKlass::inline_layout_info_array_offset(), holder_klass);
+  addi(layout_info, layout_info, Array<InlineLayoutInfo>::base_offset_in_bytes());
+  add(layout_info, layout_info, index);
+}
+
+
 // Clear Array
 // For very short arrays. tmp == R0 is allowed.
 void MacroAssembler::clear_memory_unrolled(Register base_ptr, int cnt_dwords, Register tmp, int offset) {
@@ -3410,6 +3535,31 @@ void MacroAssembler::clear_memory_doubleword(Register base_ptr, Register cnt_dwo
   bind(done);
 }
 
+// base:   Address of a buffer to be filled, 8 bytes aligned. Killed.
+// cnt:    Count in 8-byte unit.
+// value:  Value to be filled with.
+void MacroAssembler::fill_words(Register base, Register cnt, Register value) {
+  Label loop, loop_end, done;
+
+  // 2x unrolled loop
+  srdi_(R0, cnt, 1);
+  beq(CR0, loop_end); // less than 2 elements
+  mtctr(R0);
+
+  bind(loop);
+  std(value, 0, base);
+  std(value, 8, base);
+  addi(base, base, 16);
+  bdnz(loop);
+
+  bind(loop_end);
+  andi_(R0, cnt, 1);
+  beq(CR0, done);
+  std(value, 0, base); // last element
+
+  bind(done);
+}
+
 /////////////////////////////////////////// String intrinsics ////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 // Helpers for Intrinsic Emitters
@@ -4729,8 +4879,8 @@ void MacroAssembler::atomically_flip_locked_state(bool is_unlock, Register obj,
   if (!is_unlock) {
     ldarx(tmp, obj, MacroAssembler::cmpxchgx_hint_acquire_lock());
     xori(tmp, tmp, markWord::unlocked_value); // flip unlocked bit
-    andi_(R0, tmp, markWord::lock_mask_in_place);
-    bne(CR0, failed); // failed if new header doesn't contain locked_value (which is 0)
+    andi_(R0, tmp, markWord::lock_mask_in_place | markWord::inline_type_bit_in_place);
+    bne(CR0, failed); // failed if new header doesn't contain locked_value (which is 0) or belongs to an inline type
   } else {
     ldarx(tmp, obj, MacroAssembler::cmpxchgx_hint_release_lock());
     andi_(R0, tmp, markWord::lock_mask_in_place);
@@ -4884,3 +5034,32 @@ void MacroAssembler::fast_unlock(Register obj, Register t1, Label& slow) {
 
   bind(unlocked);
 }
+
+// Unimplemented methods for inline types.
+int MacroAssembler::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(ciInlineKlass* vk, bool from_interpreter) {
+   Unimplemented();
+}
+
+bool MacroAssembler::move_helper(VMReg from, VMReg to, BasicType bt, RegState reg_state[]) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+bool MacroAssembler::unpack_inline_helper(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int& sig_index,
+                            VMReg from, int& from_index, VMRegPair* to, int to_count, int& to_index,
+                            RegState reg_state[]) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+bool MacroAssembler::pack_inline_helper(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int& sig_index, int vtarg_index,
+                          VMRegPair* from, int from_count, int& from_index, VMReg to,
+                          RegState reg_state[], Register val_array) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+int MacroAssembler::extend_stack_for_inline_args(int args_on_stack) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+VMReg MacroAssembler::spill_reg_for(VMReg reg) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/macroAssembler_ppc.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/macroAssembler_ppc.hpp
index bbfa75f5151..533d03230a4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/macroAssembler_ppc.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/macroAssembler_ppc.hpp
@@ -28,12 +28,16 @@
 
 #include "asm/assembler.hpp"
 #include "oops/accessDecorators.hpp"
+#include "runtime/signature.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 
 // MacroAssembler extends Assembler by a few frequently used macros.
 
 class ciTypeArray;
 class OopMap;
+class ciInlineKlass;
+class SigEntry;
+class VMRegPair;
 
 class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
  public:
@@ -394,6 +398,11 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
                           Register Rmethod_toc = noreg,
                           bool scratch_emit = false);
 
+  // Inline type specific methods
+#include "asm/macroAssembler_common.hpp"
+
+  void save_stack_increment(int sp_inc, int frame_size);
+
  protected:
 
   // It is imperative that all calls into the VM are handled via the
@@ -813,6 +822,38 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   void decode_klass_not_null(Register dst, Register src = noreg);
   Register encode_klass_not_null(Register dst, Register src = noreg);
 
+  // markWord tests, kills markWord reg
+  void test_markword_is_inline_type(Register markword, Label& is_inline_type);
+
+  // inlineKlass queries, kills temp_reg
+  void test_oop_is_not_inline_type(Register object, Label& not_inline_type, bool can_be_null = true);
+
+  void test_field_is_null_free_inline_type(Register flags, Label& is_null_free);
+  void test_field_is_not_null_free_inline_type(Register flags, Label& not_null_free);
+  void test_field_is_flat(Register flags, Label& is_flat);
+
+  // Check oops for special arrays, i.e. flat arrays and/or null-free arrays
+  void test_oop_prototype_bit(Register oop, Register temp_reg, int32_t test_bit, bool jmp_set, Label& jmp_label, bool maybe_far = false);
+  void test_flat_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_flat_array, bool maybe_far = false);
+  void test_non_flat_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_non_flat_array);
+  void test_null_free_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_null_free_array, bool maybe_far = false);
+  void test_non_null_free_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_non_null_free_array);
+
+  // Check array klass layout helper for flat or null-free arrays...
+  void test_flat_array_layout(Register lh, Label& is_flat_array);
+
+  void load_metadata(Register dst, Register src);
+
+  void flat_field_copy(DecoratorSet decorators, Register src, Register dst, Register inline_layout_info);
+
+  void load_prototype_header(Register dst, Register src);
+
+  void inline_layout_info(Register holder_klass, Register index, Register layout_info);
+
+  // inline type data payload offsets...
+  void payload_offset(Register inline_klass, Register offset);
+  void payload_address(Register oop, Register data, Register inline_klass, Register t1);
+
   // SIGTRAP-based range checks for arrays.
   inline void trap_range_check_l(Register a, Register b);
   inline void trap_range_check_l(Register a, int si16);
@@ -842,6 +883,7 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   void clear_memory_unrolled(Register base_ptr, int cnt_dwords, Register tmp = R0, int offset = 0);
   void clear_memory_constlen(Register base_ptr, int cnt_dwords, Register tmp = R0);
   void clear_memory_doubleword(Register base_ptr, Register cnt_dwords, Register tmp = R0, long const_cnt = -1);
+  void fill_words(Register base, Register cnt, Register value);
 
   // Emitters for BigInteger.multiplyToLen intrinsic.
   inline void multiply64(Register dest_hi, Register dest_lo,
@@ -1010,6 +1052,9 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   void should_not_reach_here(const char* msg = nullptr) { stop(stop_shouldnotreachhere, msg); }
 
   void zap_from_to(Register low, int before, Register high, int after, Register val, Register addr) PRODUCT_RETURN;
+
+  // Inline type specific methods
+  #include "asm/macroAssembler_common.hpp"
 };
 
 #endif // CPU_PPC_MACROASSEMBLER_PPC_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/methodHandles_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/methodHandles_ppc.cpp
index ae94a9618b5..9341fc50904 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/methodHandles_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/methodHandles_ppc.cpp
@@ -144,7 +144,11 @@ void MethodHandles::jump_from_method_handle(MacroAssembler* _masm, Register meth
   __ cmplwi(CR0, R19_method, 0);
   __ beq(CR0, L_no_such_method);
 
-  const ByteSize entry_offset = for_compiler_entry ? Method::from_compiled_offset() :
+  // The following jump might pass an inline type argument that was erased to Object as oop to a
+  // callee that expects inline type arguments to be passed as fields. We need to call the compiled
+  // value entry (_code->inline_entry_point() or _adapter->c2i_inline_entry()) which will take care
+  // of translating between the calling conventions.
+  const ByteSize entry_offset = for_compiler_entry ? Method::from_compiled_inline_offset() :
                                                      Method::from_interpreted_offset();
   __ ld(target, in_bytes(entry_offset), R19_method);
   __ mtctr(target);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
index 9428c0014e1..b54bbf97ba6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
@@ -1542,11 +1542,6 @@ void MachPrologNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
   C->output()->set_frame_complete(__ offset());
 }
 
-uint MachPrologNode::size(PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
-  // Variable size. determine dynamically.
-  return MachNode::size(ra_);
-}
-
 int MachPrologNode::reloc() const {
   // Return number of relocatable values contained in this instruction.
   return 1; // 1 reloc entry for load_const(toc).
@@ -1605,11 +1600,6 @@ void MachEpilogNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
   }
 }
 
-uint MachEpilogNode::size(PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
-  // Variable size. Determine dynamically.
-  return MachNode::size(ra_);
-}
-
 int MachEpilogNode::reloc() const {
   // Return number of relocatable values contained in this instruction.
   return 1; // 1 for load_from_polling_page.
@@ -1959,6 +1949,18 @@ uint BoxLockNode::size(PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
   return 4;
 }
 
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+void MachVEPNode::format(PhaseRegAlloc* ra_, outputStream* st) const
+{
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+#endif
+
+void MachVEPNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc* ra_) const
+{
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 void MachUEPNode::format(PhaseRegAlloc *ra_, outputStream *st) const {
   st->print_cr("---- MachUEPNode ----");
@@ -1972,11 +1974,6 @@ void MachUEPNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
   // Argument is valid and klass is as expected, continue.
 }
 
-uint MachUEPNode::size(PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
-  // Variable size. Determine dynamically.
-  return MachNode::size(ra_);
-}
-
 //=============================================================================
 
 %} // interrupt source
@@ -9533,6 +9530,17 @@ instruct castP2X(iRegLdst dst, iRegP_N2P src) %{
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
 
+instruct castN2X(iRegLdst dst, iRegNsrc src) %{
+  match(Set dst (CastP2X src));
+
+  format %{ "MR      $dst, $src \t// Ptr->Long" %}
+  // variable size, 0 or 4.
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ mr_if_needed($dst$$Register, $src$$Register);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
+%}
+
 instruct castPP(iRegPdst dst) %{
   match(Set dst (CastPP dst));
   format %{ " -- \t// castPP of $dst" %}
@@ -11049,8 +11057,8 @@ instruct array_size(iRegLdst dst, iRegPsrc end, iRegPsrc start) %{
 %}
 
 // Clear-array with constant short array length. The versions below can use dcbz with cnt > 30.
-instruct inlineCallClearArrayShort(immLmax30 cnt, rarg2RegP base, Universe dummy, regCTR ctr) %{
-  match(Set dummy (ClearArray cnt base));
+instruct inlineCallClearArrayShort(immLmax30 cnt, rarg2RegP base, immL_0 zero, Universe dummy, regCTR ctr) %{
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) zero));
   effect(USE_KILL base, KILL ctr);
   ins_cost(2 * MEMORY_REF_COST);
 
@@ -11062,8 +11070,8 @@ instruct inlineCallClearArrayShort(immLmax30 cnt, rarg2RegP base, Universe dummy
 %}
 
 // Clear-array with constant large array length.
-instruct inlineCallClearArrayLarge(immL cnt, rarg2RegP base, Universe dummy, iRegLdst tmp, regCTR ctr) %{
-  match(Set dummy (ClearArray cnt base));
+instruct inlineCallClearArrayLarge(immL cnt, rarg2RegP base, immL_0 zero, Universe dummy, iRegLdst tmp, regCTR ctr) %{
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) zero));
   effect(USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, KILL ctr);
   ins_cost(3 * MEMORY_REF_COST);
 
@@ -11075,8 +11083,8 @@ instruct inlineCallClearArrayLarge(immL cnt, rarg2RegP base, Universe dummy, iRe
 %}
 
 // Clear-array with dynamic array length.
-instruct inlineCallClearArray(rarg1RegL cnt, rarg2RegP base, Universe dummy, regCTR ctr) %{
-  match(Set dummy (ClearArray cnt base));
+instruct inlineCallClearArray(rarg1RegL cnt, rarg2RegP base, immL_0 zero, Universe dummy, regCTR ctr) %{
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) zero));
   effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, KILL ctr);
   ins_cost(4 * MEMORY_REF_COST);
 
@@ -11087,6 +11095,20 @@ instruct inlineCallClearArray(rarg1RegL cnt, rarg2RegP base, Universe dummy, reg
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
 
+// Clear-array with dynamic array length and non-zero value.
+instruct inlineCallClearArrayWordCopy(rarg1RegL cnt, rarg2RegP base, iRegLdst val, Universe dummy, regCTR ctr) %{
+  predicate(((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only());
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
+  effect(USE_KILL base, KILL ctr);
+  ins_cost(8 * MEMORY_REF_COST);
+
+  format %{ "ClearArray $cnt, $base, $val" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ fill_words($base$$Register, $cnt$$Register, $val$$Register);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
+%}
+
 instruct string_compareL(rarg1RegP str1, rarg2RegP str2, rarg3RegI cnt1, rarg4RegI cnt2, iRegIdst result,
                          iRegIdst tmp, regCTR ctr, flagsRegCR0 cr0) %{
   predicate(((StrCompNode*)n)->encoding() == StrIntrinsicNode::LL);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/sharedRuntime_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/sharedRuntime_ppc.cpp
index a1446f49797..6b5f1bc70a7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/sharedRuntime_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/sharedRuntime_ppc.cpp
@@ -627,11 +627,8 @@ static int reg2offset(VMReg r) {
 // either 32-bit or 64-bit depending on the build. The OUTPUTS are in 32-bit
 // units regardless of build. Of course for i486 there is no 64 bit build
 
-// The Java calling convention is a "shifted" version of the C ABI.
-// By skipping the first C ABI register we can call non-static jni methods
-// with small numbers of arguments without having to shuffle the arguments
-// at all. Since we control the java ABI we ought to at least get some
-// advantage out of it.
+// In contrast to other platforms the Java calling convention is *NOT* a
+// "shifted" version of the C ABI.
 
 const VMReg java_iarg_reg[8] = {
   R3->as_VMReg(),
@@ -771,6 +768,87 @@ int SharedRuntime::java_calling_convention(const BasicType *sig_bt,
   return stk;
 }
 
+// Similar to java_calling_convention() but for multiple return
+// values. There's no way to store them on the stack so if we don't
+// have enough registers, multiple values can't be returned.
+const uint SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_int = Argument::n_int_register_parameters_j;
+const uint SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_float = Argument::n_float_register_parameters_j;
+int SharedRuntime::java_return_convention(const BasicType *sig_bt,
+                                          VMRegPair *regs,
+                                          int total_args_passed) {
+  // Create the mapping between argument positions and
+  // registers.
+  static const Register INT_ArgReg[java_return_convention_max_int] = {
+    R3_RET, R10_ARG8, R9_ARG7, R8_ARG6, R7_ARG5, R6_ARG4, R5_ARG3, R4_ARG2
+  };
+  static const FloatRegister FP_ArgReg[java_return_convention_max_float] = {
+    F1_RET, F2_ARG2, F3_ARG3, F4_ARG4, F5_ARG5, F6_ARG6, F7_ARG7, F8_ARG8,
+    F9_ARG9, F10_ARG10, F11_ARG11, F12_ARG12, F13_ARG13
+  };
+
+
+  uint int_args = 0;
+  uint fp_args = 0;
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < total_args_passed; i++) {
+    switch (sig_bt[i]) {
+    case T_BOOLEAN:
+    case T_CHAR:
+    case T_BYTE:
+    case T_SHORT:
+    case T_INT:
+      if (int_args < java_return_convention_max_int) {
+        regs[i].set1(INT_ArgReg[int_args]->as_VMReg());
+        int_args++;
+      } else {
+        return -1;
+      }
+      break;
+    case T_VOID:
+      // halves of T_LONG or T_DOUBLE
+      assert(i != 0 && (sig_bt[i - 1] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i - 1] == T_DOUBLE), "expecting half");
+      regs[i].set_bad();
+      break;
+    case T_LONG:
+      assert(sig_bt[i + 1] == T_VOID, "expecting half");
+      // fall through
+    case T_OBJECT:
+    case T_ARRAY:
+    case T_ADDRESS:
+    case T_METADATA:
+      if (int_args < java_return_convention_max_int) {
+        regs[i].set2(INT_ArgReg[int_args]->as_VMReg());
+        int_args++;
+      } else {
+        return -1;
+      }
+      break;
+    case T_FLOAT:
+      if (fp_args < java_return_convention_max_float) {
+        regs[i].set1(FP_ArgReg[fp_args]->as_VMReg());
+        fp_args++;
+      } else {
+        return -1;
+      }
+      break;
+    case T_DOUBLE:
+      assert(sig_bt[i + 1] == T_VOID, "expecting half");
+      if (fp_args < java_return_convention_max_float) {
+        regs[i].set2(FP_ArgReg[fp_args]->as_VMReg());
+        fp_args++;
+      } else {
+        return -1;
+      }
+      break;
+    default:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return int_args + fp_args;
+}
+
 // Calling convention for calling C code.
 int SharedRuntime::c_calling_convention(const BasicType *sig_bt,
                                         VMRegPair *regs,
@@ -916,44 +994,17 @@ int SharedRuntime::vector_calling_convention(VMRegPair *regs,
   return 0;
 }
 
-static address gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
-                            int total_args_passed,
-                            int comp_args_on_stack,
-                            const BasicType *sig_bt,
-                            const VMRegPair *regs,
-                            Label& call_interpreter,
-                            const Register& ientry) {
-
-  address c2i_entrypoint;
-
-  const Register sender_SP = R21_sender_SP; // == R21_tmp1
-  const Register code      = R22_tmp2;
-  //const Register ientry  = R23_tmp3;
-  const Register value_regs[] = { R24_tmp4, R25_tmp5, R26_tmp6 };
-  const int num_value_regs = sizeof(value_regs) / sizeof(Register);
-  int value_regs_index = 0;
-
-  const Register return_pc = R27_tmp7;
-  const Register tmp       = R28_tmp8;
-
-  assert_different_registers(sender_SP, code, ientry, return_pc, tmp);
-
-  // Adapter needs TOP_IJAVA_FRAME_ABI.
-  const int adapter_size = frame::top_ijava_frame_abi_size +
-                           align_up(total_args_passed * wordSize, frame::alignment_in_bytes);
-
-  // regular (verified) c2i entry point
-  c2i_entrypoint = __ pc();
-
-  // Does compiled code exists? If yes, patch the caller's callsite.
-  __ ld(code, method_(code));
-  __ cmpdi(CR0, code, 0);
-  __ ld(ientry, method_(interpreter_entry)); // preloaded
-  __ beq(CR0, call_interpreter);
-
+// Patch the callers callsite with entry to compiled code if it exists.
+static void patch_callers_callsite(MacroAssembler *masm, int adapter_size, int total_args_passed, const VMRegPair *regs) {
+  Label L;
+  __ ld(R0, in_bytes(Method::code_offset()), R19_method);
+  __ cmpdi(CR0, R0, 0);
+  __ beq(CR0, L);
 
   // Patch caller's callsite, method_(code) was not null which means that
   // compiled code exists.
+  const Register return_pc = R11_scratch1;
+  const Register tmp       = R12_scratch2;
   __ mflr(return_pc);
   __ std(return_pc, _abi0(lr), R1_SP);
   RegisterSaver::push_frame_and_save_argument_registers(masm, tmp, adapter_size, total_args_passed, regs);
@@ -962,16 +1013,131 @@ static address gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
 
   RegisterSaver::restore_argument_registers_and_pop_frame(masm, adapter_size, total_args_passed, regs);
   __ ld(return_pc, _abi0(lr), R1_SP);
-  __ ld(ientry, method_(interpreter_entry)); // preloaded
   __ mtlr(return_pc);
 
+  // callsite->set_to_clean() uses icache flush including isync
+
+  __ bind(L);
+}
+
+// For each inline type argument, sig includes the list of fields of
+// the inline type. This utility function computes the number of
+// arguments for the call if inline types are passed by reference (the
+// calling convention the interpreter expects).
+static int compute_total_args_passed_int(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_extended) {
+  int total_args_passed = 0;
+  if (InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < sig_extended->length(); i++) {
+      BasicType bt = sig_extended->at(i)._bt;
+      if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+        // In sig_extended, an inline type argument starts with:
+        // T_METADATA, followed by the types of the fields of the
+        // inline type and T_VOID to mark the end of the value
+        // type. Inline types are flattened so, for instance, in the
+        // case of an inline type with an int field and an inline type
+        // field that itself has 2 fields, an int and a long:
+        // T_METADATA T_INT T_METADATA T_INT T_LONG T_VOID (second
+        // slot for the T_LONG) T_VOID (inner inline type) T_VOID
+        // (outer inline type)
+        total_args_passed++;
+        int vt = 1;
+        do {
+          i++;
+          BasicType bt = sig_extended->at(i)._bt;
+          BasicType prev_bt = sig_extended->at(i-1)._bt;
+          if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+            vt++;
+          } else if (bt == T_VOID &&
+                     prev_bt != T_LONG &&
+                     prev_bt != T_DOUBLE) {
+            vt--;
+          }
+        } while (vt != 0);
+      } else {
+        total_args_passed++;
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    total_args_passed = sig_extended->length();
+  }
+  return total_args_passed;
+}
+
+static void gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
+                            const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_extended,
+                            const VMRegPair *regs,
+                            bool requires_clinit_barrier,
+                            address& c2i_no_clinit_check_entry,
+                            Label& skip_fixup,
+                            address start,
+                            OopMapSet* oop_maps,
+                            int& frame_complete,
+                            int& frame_size_in_words,
+                            bool alloc_inline_receiver) {
+  if (requires_clinit_barrier) {
+    assert(VM_Version::supports_fast_class_init_checks(), "sanity");
+    Label L_skip_barrier;
+
+    // Bypass the barrier for non-static methods
+    __ lhz(R0, in_bytes(Method::access_flags_offset()), R19_method);
+    __ andi_(R0, R0, JVM_ACC_STATIC);
+    __ beq(CR0, L_skip_barrier); // non-static
+
+    Register klass = R11_scratch1;
+    __ load_method_holder(klass, R19_method);
+    __ clinit_barrier(klass, R16_thread, &L_skip_barrier /*L_fast_path*/);
+
+    __ load_const_optimized(klass, SharedRuntime::get_handle_wrong_method_stub(), R0);
+    __ mtctr(klass);
+    __ bctr();
+
+    __ bind(L_skip_barrier);
+    c2i_no_clinit_check_entry = __ pc();
+  }
+
+  BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
+  bs->c2i_entry_barrier(masm, R11_scratch1, R12_scratch2, R21_tmp1);
+
+  // Since all args are passed on the stack, total_args_passed *
+  // Interpreter::stackElementSize is the space we need.
+  int total_args_passed = compute_total_args_passed_int(sig_extended);
+  assert(total_args_passed >= 0, "total_args_passed is %d", total_args_passed);
+
+    // Adapter needs TOP_IJAVA_FRAME_ABI.
+  const int adapter_size = frame::top_ijava_frame_abi_size +
+                           align_up(total_args_passed * wordSize, frame::alignment_in_bytes);
+
+  // Before we get into the guts of the C2I adapter, see if we should be here
+  // at all.  We've come from compiled code and are attempting to jump to the
+  // interpreter, which means the caller made a static call to get here
+  // (vcalls always get a compiled target if there is one).  Check for a
+  // compiled target.  If there is one, we need to patch the caller's call.
+  patch_callers_callsite(masm, adapter_size, total_args_passed, regs);
+
+  __ bind(skip_fixup);
+
+  if (InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs) {
+    // Is there an inline type argument?
+    bool has_inline_argument = false;
+    for (int i = 0; i < sig_extended->length() && !has_inline_argument; i++) {
+      has_inline_argument = (sig_extended->at(i)._bt == T_METADATA);
+    }
+    if (has_inline_argument) {
+      __ unimplemented("c2i has_inline_argument");
+    }
+  }
 
   // Call the interpreter.
-  __ BIND(call_interpreter);
+  const Register tmp = R22_tmp2, ientry = R23_tmp3;
+  const Register value_regs[] = { R24_tmp4, R25_tmp5, R26_tmp6 };
+  const int num_value_regs = sizeof(value_regs) / sizeof(Register);
+  int value_regs_index = 0;
+
+  __ ld(ientry, method_(interpreter_entry)); // preloaded
   __ mtctr(ientry);
 
   // Get a copy of the current SP for loading caller's arguments.
-  __ mr(sender_SP, R1_SP);
+  __ mr(R21_sender_SP, R1_SP);
 
   // Add space for the adapter.
   __ resize_frame(-adapter_size, R12_scratch2);
@@ -979,7 +1145,10 @@ static address gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
   int st_off = adapter_size - wordSize;
 
   // Write the args into the outgoing interpreter space.
+  // TODO: support for InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs
   for (int i = 0; i < total_args_passed; i++) {
+    BasicType bt = sig_extended->at(i)._bt;
+
     VMReg r_1 = regs[i].first();
     VMReg r_2 = regs[i].second();
     if (!r_1->is_valid()) {
@@ -993,9 +1162,9 @@ static address gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
       // preserve area (JIT's ABI). We must account for it here.
       int ld_off = (r_1->reg2stack() + SharedRuntime::out_preserve_stack_slots()) * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
       if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
-        __ lwz(tmp_reg, ld_off, sender_SP);
+        __ lwz(tmp_reg, ld_off, R21_sender_SP);
       } else {
-        __ ld(tmp_reg, ld_off, sender_SP);
+        __ ld(tmp_reg, ld_off, R21_sender_SP);
       }
       // Pretend stack targets were loaded into tmp_reg.
       r_1 = tmp_reg->as_VMReg();
@@ -1009,7 +1178,7 @@ static address gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
       } else {
         // Longs are given 2 64-bit slots in the interpreter, but the
         // data is passed in only 1 slot.
-        if (sig_bt[i] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i] == T_DOUBLE) {
+        if (bt == T_LONG || bt == T_DOUBLE) {
           DEBUG_ONLY( __ li(tmp, 0); __ std(tmp, st_off, R1_SP); )
           st_off-=wordSize;
         }
@@ -1041,17 +1210,12 @@ static address gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
   // load TOS
   __ addi(R15_esp, R1_SP, st_off);
 
-  // Frame_manager expects initial_caller_sp (= SP without resize by c2i) in R21_tmp1.
-  assert(sender_SP == R21_sender_SP, "passing initial caller's SP in wrong register");
   __ bctr();
-
-  return c2i_entrypoint;
 }
 
 void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
-                                    int total_args_passed,
                                     int comp_args_on_stack,
-                                    const BasicType *sig_bt,
+                                    const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig,
                                     const VMRegPair *regs) {
 
   // Load method's entry-point from method.
@@ -1078,6 +1242,7 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
   const int num_value_regs = sizeof(value_regs) / sizeof(Register);
   int value_regs_index = 0;
 
+  int total_args_passed = sig->length();
   int ld_offset = total_args_passed*wordSize;
 
   // Cut-out for having no stack args. Since up to 2 int/oop args are passed
@@ -1098,9 +1263,11 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
   // Now generate the shuffle code.  Pick up all register args and move the
   // rest through register value=Z_R12.
   BLOCK_COMMENT("Shuffle arguments");
+
   for (int i = 0; i < total_args_passed; i++) {
-    if (sig_bt[i] == T_VOID) {
-      assert(i > 0 && (sig_bt[i-1] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i-1] == T_DOUBLE), "missing half");
+    BasicType bt = sig->at(i)._bt;
+    if (bt == T_VOID) {
+      assert(i > 0 && (sig->at(i - 1)._bt == T_LONG || sig->at(i - 1)._bt == T_DOUBLE), "missing half");
       continue;
     }
 
@@ -1133,7 +1300,7 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
       }
       if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
         // Not sure we need to do this but it shouldn't hurt.
-        if (is_reference_type(sig_bt[i]) || sig_bt[i] == T_ADDRESS) {
+        if (is_reference_type(bt) || bt == T_ADDRESS) {
           __ ld(r, ld_offset, ld_ptr);
           ld_offset-=wordSize;
         } else {
@@ -1143,7 +1310,7 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
       } else {
         // In 64bit, longs are given 2 64-bit slots in the interpreter, but the
         // data is passed in only 1 slot.
-        if (sig_bt[i] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i] == T_DOUBLE) {
+        if (bt == T_LONG || bt == T_DOUBLE) {
           ld_offset-=wordSize;
         }
         __ ld(r, ld_offset, ld_ptr);
@@ -1154,8 +1321,8 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
         // Now store value where the compiler expects it
         int st_off = (r_1->reg2stack() + SharedRuntime::out_preserve_stack_slots())*VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
 
-        if (sig_bt[i] == T_INT   || sig_bt[i] == T_FLOAT ||sig_bt[i] == T_BOOLEAN ||
-            sig_bt[i] == T_SHORT || sig_bt[i] == T_CHAR  || sig_bt[i] == T_BYTE) {
+        if (bt == T_INT   || bt == T_FLOAT || bt == T_BOOLEAN ||
+            bt == T_SHORT || bt == T_CHAR  || bt == T_BYTE) {
           __ stw(r, st_off, R1_SP);
         } else {
           __ std(r, st_off, R1_SP);
@@ -1182,79 +1349,99 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
   __ bctr();
 }
 
-void SharedRuntime::generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler *masm,
-                                            int total_args_passed,
-                                            int comp_args_on_stack,
-                                            const BasicType *sig_bt,
-                                            const VMRegPair *regs,
-                                            address entry_address[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT]) {
-  // entry: i2c
+static void gen_inline_cache_check(MacroAssembler *masm, Label& skip_fixup) {
+  __ ic_check(BytesPerInstWord /* end_alignment */);
+  __ ld(R19_method, CompiledICData::speculated_method_offset(), R19_inline_cache_reg);
 
-  __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
-  entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C] = __ pc();
-  gen_i2c_adapter(masm, total_args_passed, comp_args_on_stack, sig_bt, regs);
-
-
-  // entry: c2i unverified
-
-  __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
-  BLOCK_COMMENT("c2i unverified entry");
-  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified] = __ pc();
-
-  // inline_cache contains a CompiledICData
-  const Register ic             = R19_inline_cache_reg;
-  const Register ic_klass       = R11_scratch1;
-  const Register receiver_klass = R12_scratch2;
-  const Register code           = R21_tmp1;
-  const Register ientry         = R23_tmp3;
-
-  assert_different_registers(ic, ic_klass, receiver_klass, R3_ARG1, code, ientry);
-  assert(R11_scratch1 == R11, "need prologue scratch register");
-
-  Label call_interpreter;
-
-  __ ic_check(4 /* end_alignment */);
-  __ ld(R19_method, CompiledICData::speculated_method_offset(), ic);
-  // Argument is valid and klass is as expected, continue.
-
-  __ ld(code, method_(code));
-  __ cmpdi(CR0, code, 0);
-  __ ld(ientry, method_(interpreter_entry)); // preloaded
-  __ beq_predict_taken(CR0, call_interpreter);
+  // Method might have been compiled since the call site was patched to
+  // interpreted; if that is the case treat it as a miss so we can get
+  // the call site corrected.
+  __ ld(R0, method_(code));
+  __ cmpdi(CR0, R0, 0);
+  __ beq_predict_taken(CR0, skip_fixup);
 
   // Branch to ic_miss_stub.
   __ b64_patchable((address)SharedRuntime::get_ic_miss_stub(), relocInfo::runtime_call_type);
+}
 
-  // entry: c2i
+void SharedRuntime::generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler* masm,
+                                            int comp_args_on_stack,
+                                            const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig,
+                                            const VMRegPair* regs,
+                                            const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_cc,
+                                            const VMRegPair* regs_cc,
+                                            const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_cc_ro,
+                                            const VMRegPair* regs_cc_ro,
+                                            address entry_address[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT],
+                                            AdapterBlob*& new_adapter,
+                                            bool allocate_code_blob) {
 
-  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I] = __ pc();
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C] = __ pc();
+  gen_i2c_adapter(masm, comp_args_on_stack, sig, regs);
 
-  // Class initialization barrier for static methods
-  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check] = nullptr;
-  assert(VM_Version::supports_fast_class_init_checks(), "sanity");
-  Label L_skip_barrier;
+  // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Generate a C2I adapter.  On entry we know rmethod holds the Method* during calls
+  // to the interpreter.  The args start out packed in the compiled layout.  They
+  // need to be unpacked into the interpreter layout.  This will almost always
+  // require some stack space.  We grow the current (compiled) stack, then repack
+  // the args.  We  finally end in a jump to the generic interpreter entry point.
+  // On exit from the interpreter, the interpreter will restore our SP (lest the
+  // compiled code, which relies solely on SP and not FP, get sick).
 
-  // Bypass the barrier for non-static methods
-  __ lhz(R0, in_bytes(Method::access_flags_offset()), R19_method);
-  __ andi_(R0, R0, JVM_ACC_STATIC);
-  __ beq(CR0, L_skip_barrier); // non-static
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified] = __ pc();
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified_Inline] = __ pc();
+  Label skip_fixup;
 
-  Register klass = R11_scratch1;
-  __ load_method_holder(klass, R19_method);
-  __ clinit_barrier(klass, R16_thread, &L_skip_barrier /*L_fast_path*/);
+  gen_inline_cache_check(masm, skip_fixup);
 
-  __ load_const_optimized(klass, SharedRuntime::get_handle_wrong_method_stub(), R0);
-  __ mtctr(klass);
-  __ bctr();
+  OopMapSet* oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+  int frame_complete = CodeOffsets::frame_never_safe;
+  int frame_size_in_words = 0;
 
-  __ bind(L_skip_barrier);
-  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check] = __ pc();
+  // Scalarized c2i adapter with non-scalarized receiver (i.e., don't pack receiver)
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check] = nullptr;
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Inline_RO] = __ pc();
+  if (regs_cc != regs_cc_ro) {
+    // No class init barrier needed because method is guaranteed to be non-static
+    __ unimplemented("C2I_Inline_RO");
+#if 0
+    gen_c2i_adapter(masm, sig_cc_ro, regs_cc_ro, /* requires_clinit_barrier = */ false, entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check],
+                    skip_fixup, entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C], oop_maps, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, /* alloc_inline_receiver = */ false);
+#endif
+    skip_fixup.reset();
+  }
 
-  BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
-  bs->c2i_entry_barrier(masm, /* tmp register*/ ic_klass, /* tmp register*/ receiver_klass, /* tmp register*/ code);
+  // Scalarized c2i adapter
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I]        = __ pc();
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Inline] = __ pc();
+  gen_c2i_adapter(masm, sig_cc, regs_cc, /* requires_clinit_barrier = */ true, entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check],
+                  skip_fixup, entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C], oop_maps, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, /* alloc_inline_receiver = */ true);
+
+  // Non-scalarized c2i adapter
+  if (regs != regs_cc) {
+    entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified_Inline] = __ pc();
+    Label inline_entry_skip_fixup;
+    __ unimplemented("C2I_Unverified_Inline");
+#if 0
+    gen_inline_cache_check(masm, inline_entry_skip_fixup);
+#endif
 
-  gen_c2i_adapter(masm, total_args_passed, comp_args_on_stack, sig_bt, regs, call_interpreter, ientry);
-  return;
+    entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Inline] = __ pc();
+    __ unimplemented("C2I_Inline2");
+#if 0
+    gen_c2i_adapter(masm, sig, regs, /* requires_clinit_barrier = */ true, entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check],
+                    inline_entry_skip_fixup, entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C], oop_maps, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, /* alloc_inline_receiver = */ false);
+#endif
+  }
+  // The c2i adapters might safepoint and trigger a GC. The caller must make sure that
+  // the GC knows about the location of oop argument locations passed to the c2i adapter.
+  if (allocate_code_blob) {
+    bool caller_must_gc_arguments = (regs != regs_cc);
+    int entry_offset[AdapterHandlerEntry::ENTRIES_COUNT];
+    assert(AdapterHandlerEntry::ENTRIES_COUNT == 7, "sanity");
+    AdapterHandlerLibrary::address_to_offset(entry_address, entry_offset);
+    new_adapter = AdapterBlob::create(masm->code(), entry_offset, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, oop_maps, caller_must_gc_arguments);
+  }
 }
 
 // An oop arg. Must pass a handle not the oop itself.
@@ -3709,6 +3896,17 @@ void SharedRuntime::montgomery_square(jint *a_ints, jint *n_ints,
   reverse_words(m, (unsigned long *)m_ints, longwords);
 }
 
+BufferedInlineTypeBlob* SharedRuntime::generate_buffered_inline_type_adapter(const InlineKlass* vk) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+// Call here from the interpreter or compiled code to store returned
+// values to a newly allocated inline type instance.
+RuntimeStub* SharedRuntime::generate_return_value_stub(address destination) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return nullptr;
+}
 #if INCLUDE_JFR
 
 // For c2: c_rarg0 is junk, call to runtime to write a checkpoint.
@@ -3784,5 +3982,4 @@ RuntimeStub* SharedRuntime::generate_jfr_return_lease() {
                                   oop_maps, false);
   return stub;
 }
-
 #endif // INCLUDE_JFR
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/stackChunkFrameStream_ppc.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/stackChunkFrameStream_ppc.inline.hpp
index 785f7e4b287..41ad7765c23 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/stackChunkFrameStream_ppc.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/stackChunkFrameStream_ppc.inline.hpp
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ template <ChunkFrames frame_kind>
 inline bool StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::is_in_frame(void* p0) const {
   assert(!is_done(), "");
   assert(is_compiled(), "");
+  assert(!_cb->as_nmethod()->needs_stack_repair(), "unsupported");
   intptr_t* p = (intptr_t*)p0;
   int argsize = (_cb->as_nmethod()->num_stack_arg_slots() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size) >> LogBytesPerWord;
   int frame_size = _cb->frame_size() + (argsize > 0 ? argsize + frame::metadata_words_at_top : 0);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/stubGenerator_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/stubGenerator_ppc.cpp
index 4d3b99afa1c..c1a6b54df0b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/stubGenerator_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/stubGenerator_ppc.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -339,8 +339,21 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       __ blr(); // return to caller
 
       // case T_OBJECT:
-      // case T_LONG:
       __ bind(ret_is_object);
+      if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+        // Check for scalarized return value
+        __ cmpdi(CR0, R3_RET, 0);
+        __ beq(CR0, ret_is_long);
+        // Load pack handler address
+        __ untested("call stub InlineTypeReturnedAsFields"); // TODO: check return registers usage
+        __ andi(R12_scratch2, R3_RET, -2);
+        __ ld(R12_scratch2, InlineKlass::adr_members_offset(), R12_scratch2);
+        __ ld(R12_scratch2, InlineKlass::pack_handler_jobject_offset(), R12_scratch2);
+        __ mtctr(R12_scratch2);
+        __ bctr(); // tail call
+      } // else fall through
+
+      // case T_LONG:
       __ bind(ret_is_long);
       __ std(R3_RET, 0, r_arg_result_addr);
       __ blr(); // return to caller
@@ -2606,10 +2619,16 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ beq(CR0, L_objArray);
 
     __ cmpd(CR5, src_klass, dst_klass);          // if (src->klass() != dst->klass()) return -1;
-    __ cmpwi(CR6, lh, Klass::_lh_neutral_value); // if (!src->is_Array()) return -1;
+    __ bne(CR5, L_failed);
 
-    __ crnand(CR5, Assembler::equal, CR6, Assembler::less);
-    __ beq(CR5, L_failed);
+    // Check for flat inline type array -> return -1
+    __ test_flat_array_oop(src, temp, L_failed);
+
+    // Check for null-free (non-flat) inline type array -> handle as object array
+    __ test_null_free_array_oop(src, temp, L_objArray);
+
+    __ cmpwi(CR6, lh, Klass::_lh_neutral_value); // if (!src->is_Array()) return -1;
+    __ bge(CR6, L_failed);
 
     // At this point, it is known to be a typeArray (array_tag 0x3).
 #ifdef ASSERT
@@ -4801,6 +4820,7 @@ void generate_lookup_secondary_supers_table_stub() {
     }
 
     if (return_barrier) {
+      assert(!InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, "unsupported");
       __ mr(nvtmp, R3_RET); __ fmr(nvftmp, F1_RET); // preserve possible return value from a method returning to the return barrier
       DEBUG_ONLY(__ ld_ptr(tmp1, _abi0(callers_sp), R1_SP);)
       __ ld_ptr(R1_SP, JavaThread::cont_entry_offset(), R16_thread);
@@ -4845,6 +4865,7 @@ void generate_lookup_secondary_supers_table_stub() {
     __ mr(R1_SP, R3_RET); // R3_RET contains the SP of the thawed top frame
 
     if (return_barrier) {
+      assert(!InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, "unsupported");
       // we're now in the caller of the frame that returned to the barrier
       __ mr(R3_RET, nvtmp); __ fmr(F1_RET, nvftmp); // restore return value (no safepoint in the call to thaw, so even an oop return value should be OK)
     } else {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateInterpreterGenerator_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateInterpreterGenerator_ppc.cpp
index 3fe7d353962..0fee3439284 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateInterpreterGenerator_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateInterpreterGenerator_ppc.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -619,6 +619,11 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_return_entry_for(TosState state,
     default  : ShouldNotReachHere();
   }
 
+  if (state == atos && InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+    __ unimplemented("return entry InlineTypeReturnedAsFields");
+    //__ store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(nullptr, true);
+  }
+
   __ restore_interpreter_state(R11_scratch1, false /*bcp_and_mdx_only*/, true /*restore_top_frame_sp*/);
 
   // Compiled code destroys templateTableBase, reload.
@@ -1711,7 +1716,7 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_native_entry(bool synchronized) {
 
 // Generic interpreted method entry to (asm) interpreter.
 //
-address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_normal_entry(bool synchronized) {
+address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_normal_entry(bool synchronized, bool object_init) {
   bool inc_counter = UseCompiler || CountCompiledCalls;
   address entry = __ pc();
   // Generate the code to allocate the interpreter stack frame.
@@ -1792,6 +1797,7 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_normal_entry(bool synchronized) {
   if (synchronized) {
     lock_method(R3_ARG1, R4_ARG2, R5_ARG3);
   }
+
 #ifdef ASSERT
   else {
     Label Lok;
@@ -1802,6 +1808,12 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_normal_entry(bool synchronized) {
   }
 #endif // ASSERT
 
+  // Issue a StoreStore barrier on entry to Object_init if the
+  // class has strict field fields.  Be lazy, always do it.
+  if (object_init) {
+    __ membar(MacroAssembler::StoreStore);
+  }
+
   // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   // JVMTI support
   __ notify_method_entry();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateTable_ppc.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateTable_ppc.hpp
index 3396acb1926..fcc2175ae25 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateTable_ppc.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateTable_ppc.hpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2013, 2023 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2026 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -31,8 +31,10 @@
   static void generate_vtable_call(Register Rrecv_klass, Register Rindex, Register Rret, Register Rtemp);
   static void invokeinterface_object_method(Register Rrecv_klass, Register Rret, Register Rflags, Register Rcache, Register Rtemp, Register Rtemp2);
 
+  static void invoke_is_substitutable(Register aobj, Register bobj, Label& is_subst, Label& not_subst);
+
   // Branch_conditional which takes TemplateTable::Condition.
   static void branch_conditional(ConditionRegister crx, TemplateTable::Condition cc, Label& L, bool invert = false);
-  static void if_cmp_common(Register Rfirst, Register Rsecond, Register Rscratch1, Register Rscratch2, Condition cc, bool is_jint, bool cmp0);
+  static void if_cmp_common(Register Rfirst, Register Rsecond, Register Rscratch1, Register Rscratch2, Condition cc, bool is_jint, bool is_acmp = false);
 
 #endif // CPU_PPC_TEMPLATETABLE_PPC_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateTable_ppc_64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateTable_ppc_64.cpp
index 252425fb104..9ae620010ee 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateTable_ppc_64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateTable_ppc_64.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2013, 2025 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2026 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -102,6 +102,7 @@ void TemplateTable::patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::Code new_bc, Register Rnew_bc, Reg
   Label L_patch_done;
 
   switch (new_bc) {
+    case Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield:
     case Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield:
     case Bytecodes::_fast_bputfield:
     case Bytecodes::_fast_zputfield:
@@ -684,9 +685,26 @@ void TemplateTable::aaload() {
                  Rtemp      = R5_ARG3,
                  Rtemp2     = R31;
   __ index_check(Rarray, R17_tos /* index */, UseCompressedOops ? 2 : LogBytesPerWord, Rtemp, Rload_addr);
-  do_oop_load(_masm, Rload_addr, arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT), R17_tos, Rtemp, Rtemp2,
-              IS_ARRAY);
-  __ verify_oop(R17_tos);
+  __ profile_array_type<ArrayLoadData>(Rarray, R11_scratch1, R12_scratch2);
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+    Label is_flat_array, cont;
+
+    __ test_flat_array_oop(Rarray, Rtemp, is_flat_array);
+    do_oop_load(_masm, Rload_addr, arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT), R17_tos, Rtemp, Rtemp2,
+                IS_ARRAY);
+    __ verify_oop(R17_tos);
+    __ b(cont);
+
+    __ bind(is_flat_array);
+    __ call_VM(R17_tos, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::flat_array_load), Rarray, R17_tos);
+    __ bind(cont);
+  } else {
+    do_oop_load(_masm, Rload_addr, arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT), R17_tos, Rtemp, Rtemp2,
+                IS_ARRAY);
+    __ verify_oop(R17_tos);
+  }
+  __ profile_element_type(R17_tos, Rtemp, Rtemp2);
+
   //__ dcbt(R17_tos); // prefetch
 }
 
@@ -973,14 +991,14 @@ void TemplateTable::dastore() {
 void TemplateTable::aastore() {
   transition(vtos, vtos);
 
-  Label Lstore_ok, Lis_null, Ldone;
-  const Register Rindex    = R3_ARG1,
-                 Rarray    = R4_ARG2,
+  Label Lstore_ok, Lis_null, Lis_flat_array, Lwrite_null_to_null_free_array, Ldone;
+  const Register Rindex    = R6_ARG4,
+                 Rarray    = R5_ARG3,
                  Rscratch  = R11_scratch1,
                  Rscratch2 = R12_scratch2,
-                 Rarray_klass = R5_ARG3,
+                 Rarray_klass = R4_ARG2,
                  Rarray_element_klass = Rarray_klass,
-                 Rvalue_klass = R6_ARG4,
+                 Rvalue_klass = R3_ARG1,
                  Rstore_addr = R31;    // Use register which survives VM call.
 
   __ ld(R17_tos, Interpreter::expr_offset_in_bytes(0), R15_esp); // Get value to store.
@@ -989,34 +1007,64 @@ void TemplateTable::aastore() {
 
   __ verify_oop(R17_tos);
   __ index_check_without_pop(Rarray, Rindex, UseCompressedOops ? 2 : LogBytesPerWord, Rscratch, Rstore_addr);
-  // Rindex is dead!
-  Register Rscratch3 = Rindex;
+
+  __ profile_array_type<ArrayStoreData>(Rarray, Rscratch, Rscratch2);
+  __ profile_multiple_element_types(R17_tos, Rscratch, Rscratch2, /* temp */ Rarray_klass);
+
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+    __ load_klass(Rarray_klass, Rarray);
+    __ lwz(Rscratch, in_bytes(Klass::layout_helper_offset()), Rarray_klass);
+    __ test_flat_array_layout(Rscratch, Lis_flat_array);
+  }
 
   // Do array store check - check for null value first.
   __ cmpdi(CR0, R17_tos, 0);
   __ beq(CR0, Lis_null);
 
-  __ load_klass(Rarray_klass, Rarray);
+  // Rindex is dead!
+  Register Rscratch3 = Rindex;
+
+  if (!UseArrayFlattening) {
+    __ load_klass(Rarray_klass, Rarray); // haven't done this above
+  }
   __ load_klass(Rvalue_klass, R17_tos);
 
   // Do fast instanceof cache test.
   __ ld(Rarray_element_klass, in_bytes(ObjArrayKlass::element_klass_offset()), Rarray_klass);
 
   // Generate a fast subtype check. Branch to store_ok if no failure. Throw if failure.
-  __ gen_subtype_check(Rvalue_klass /*subklass*/, Rarray_element_klass /*superklass*/, Rscratch, Rscratch2, Rscratch3, Lstore_ok);
+  __ gen_subtype_check(Rvalue_klass /*subklass*/, Rarray_element_klass /*superklass*/,
+                       Rscratch, Rscratch2, Rscratch3, Lstore_ok, false);
 
   // Fell through: subtype check failed => throw an exception.
   __ load_dispatch_table(R11_scratch1, (address*)Interpreter::_throw_ArrayStoreException_entry);
   __ mtctr(R11_scratch1);
   __ bctr();
 
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+    __ bind(Lis_flat_array); // Store non-null value to flat
+    __ call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::flat_array_store), R17_tos, Rarray, Rindex);
+    __ b(Ldone);
+  }
+
   __ bind(Lis_null);
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    // No way to store null in null-free array
+    __ test_null_free_array_oop(Rarray, Rscratch, Lwrite_null_to_null_free_array);
+  }
   do_oop_store(_masm, Rstore_addr, arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT), noreg /* 0 */,
                Rscratch, Rscratch2, Rscratch3, IS_ARRAY);
-  __ profile_null_seen(Rscratch, Rscratch2);
   __ b(Ldone);
 
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    __ bind(Lwrite_null_to_null_free_array);
+    __ load_dispatch_table(Rscratch, (address*)Interpreter::_throw_NullPointerException_entry);
+    __ mtctr(Rscratch);
+    __ bctr();
+  }
+
   // Store is OK.
+  __ align(32, 12);
   __ bind(Lstore_ok);
   do_oop_store(_masm, Rstore_addr, arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT), R17_tos /* value */,
                Rscratch, Rscratch2, Rscratch3, IS_ARRAY | IS_NOT_NULL);
@@ -1753,19 +1801,19 @@ void TemplateTable::branch(bool is_jsr, bool is_wide) {
 
 // Helper function for if_cmp* methods below.
 // Factored out common compare and branch code.
-void TemplateTable::if_cmp_common(Register Rfirst, Register Rsecond, Register Rscratch1, Register Rscratch2, Condition cc, bool is_jint, bool cmp0) {
+void TemplateTable::if_cmp_common(Register Rfirst, Register Rsecond, Register Rscratch1, Register Rscratch2, Condition cc, bool is_jint, bool is_acmp) {
   Label Lnot_taken;
   // Note: The condition code we get is the condition under which we
   // *fall through*! So we have to inverse the CC here.
 
   if (is_jint) {
-    if (cmp0) {
+    if (Rsecond == noreg) {
       __ cmpwi(CR0, Rfirst, 0);
     } else {
       __ cmpw(CR0, Rfirst, Rsecond);
     }
   } else {
-    if (cmp0) {
+    if (Rsecond == noreg) {
       __ cmpdi(CR0, Rfirst, 0);
     } else {
       __ cmpd(CR0, Rfirst, Rsecond);
@@ -1779,14 +1827,14 @@ void TemplateTable::if_cmp_common(Register Rfirst, Register Rsecond, Register Rs
   // Condition is not true => Continue.
   __ align(32, 12);
   __ bind(Lnot_taken);
-  __ profile_not_taken_branch(Rscratch1, Rscratch2);
+  __ profile_not_taken_branch(Rscratch1, Rscratch2, is_acmp);
 }
 
 // Compare integer values with zero and fall through if CC holds, branch away otherwise.
 void TemplateTable::if_0cmp(Condition cc) {
   transition(itos, vtos);
 
-  if_cmp_common(R17_tos, noreg, R11_scratch1, R12_scratch2, cc, true, true);
+  if_cmp_common(R17_tos, noreg, R11_scratch1, R12_scratch2, cc, true);
 }
 
 // Compare integer values and fall through if CC holds, branch away otherwise.
@@ -1801,23 +1849,79 @@ void TemplateTable::if_icmp(Condition cc) {
                  Rsecond = R17_tos;
 
   __ pop_i(Rfirst);
-  if_cmp_common(Rfirst, Rsecond, R11_scratch1, R12_scratch2, cc, true, false);
+  if_cmp_common(Rfirst, Rsecond, R11_scratch1, R12_scratch2, cc, true);
 }
 
 void TemplateTable::if_nullcmp(Condition cc) {
   transition(atos, vtos);
 
-  if_cmp_common(R17_tos, noreg, R11_scratch1, R12_scratch2, cc, false, true);
+  if_cmp_common(R17_tos, noreg, R11_scratch1, R12_scratch2, cc, false);
 }
 
 void TemplateTable::if_acmp(Condition cc) {
   transition(atos, vtos);
 
-  const Register Rfirst  = R0,
+  const Register Rfirst  = R31,
                  Rsecond = R17_tos;
 
   __ pop_ptr(Rfirst);
-  if_cmp_common(Rfirst, Rsecond, R11_scratch1, R12_scratch2, cc, false, false);
+
+  __ profile_acmp(Rsecond, Rfirst, R11_scratch1, R12_scratch2);
+
+  const int is_inline_type_mask = markWord::inline_type_pattern;
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    Label taken, not_taken;
+    __ cmpd(CR0, Rfirst, Rsecond);
+    __ beq(CR0, (cc == equal) ? taken : not_taken);
+
+    // test if any input is null
+    __ cmpdi(CR0, Rfirst, 0);
+    __ cmpdi(CR1, Rsecond, 0);
+    __ cror(CR0, Assembler::equal, CR1, Assembler::equal);
+    __ beq(CR0, (cc == equal) ? not_taken : taken);
+
+    // and both are values ?
+    __ ld(R11_scratch1, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), Rfirst);
+    __ ld(R12_scratch2, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), Rsecond);
+    __ andr(R11_scratch1, R11_scratch1, R12_scratch2);
+    __ andi(R11_scratch1, R11_scratch1, is_inline_type_mask);
+    __ cmpdi(CR0, R11_scratch1, is_inline_type_mask);
+    __ bne(CR0, (cc == equal) ? not_taken : taken);
+
+    // same value klass ?
+    __ load_metadata(R11_scratch1, Rfirst);
+    __ load_metadata(R12_scratch2, Rsecond);
+    __ cmpd(CR0, R11_scratch1, R12_scratch2);
+    __ bne(CR0, (cc == equal) ? not_taken : taken);
+
+    // Know both are the same type, let's test for substitutability...
+    if (cc == equal) {
+      invoke_is_substitutable(Rfirst, Rsecond, taken, not_taken);
+    } else {
+      invoke_is_substitutable(Rfirst, Rsecond, not_taken, taken);
+    }
+    DEBUG_ONLY( __ stop("Not reachable"); )
+
+    // Conition is false => Jump!
+    __ align(32, 12);
+    __ bind(taken);
+    branch(false, false);
+
+    // Condition is not true => Continue.
+    __ align(32, 12);
+    __ bind(not_taken);
+    __ profile_not_taken_branch(R11_scratch1, R12_scratch2, true);
+
+  } else {
+    if_cmp_common(Rfirst, Rsecond, R11_scratch1, R12_scratch2, cc, false, true);
+  }
+}
+
+void TemplateTable::invoke_is_substitutable(Register aobj, Register bobj, Label& is_subst, Label& not_subst) {
+  __ call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::is_substitutable), aobj, bobj);
+  __ cmpwi(CR0, R3_RET, 0);
+  __ beq(CR0, not_subst);
+  __ b(is_subst);
 }
 
 void TemplateTable::ret() {
@@ -2737,12 +2841,41 @@ void TemplateTable::getfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
   __ fence(); // Volatile entry point (one instruction before non-volatile_entry point).
   assert(branch_table[atos] == nullptr, "can't compute twice");
   branch_table[atos] = __ pc(); // non-volatile_entry point
-  do_oop_load(_masm, Rclass_or_obj, Roffset, R17_tos, Rscratch, /* nv temp */ Rflags, IN_HEAP);
-  __ verify_oop(R17_tos);
-  __ push(atos);
-  //__ dcbt(R17_tos); // prefetch
-  if (!is_static && rc == may_rewrite) {
-    patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield, Rbc, Rscratch);
+  if (!Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    do_oop_load(_masm, Rclass_or_obj, Roffset, R17_tos, Rscratch, /* nv temp */ Rflags, IN_HEAP);
+    __ verify_oop(R17_tos);
+    __ push(atos);
+    //__ dcbt(R17_tos); // prefetch
+    if (!is_static && rc == may_rewrite) {
+      patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield, Rbc, Rscratch);
+    }
+  } else { // Valhalla
+    if (is_static) {
+      do_oop_load(_masm, Rclass_or_obj, Roffset, R17_tos, Rscratch, /* nv temp */ Rflags, IN_HEAP);
+      __ verify_oop(R17_tos);
+      __ push(atos);
+    } else {
+      Label is_flat;
+      __ test_field_is_flat(Rflags, is_flat);
+      do_oop_load(_masm, Rclass_or_obj, Roffset, R17_tos, Rscratch, /* nv temp */ Rflags, IN_HEAP);
+      __ verify_oop(R17_tos);
+      __ push(atos);
+      if (rc == may_rewrite) {
+        patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield, Rbc, Rscratch);
+      }
+      __ beq(CR2, Lacquire); // Volatile?
+      __ dispatch_epilog(vtos, Bytecodes::length_for(bytecode()));
+
+      __ bind(is_flat);
+      // field is flat (null-free or nullable with a null-marker)
+      __ mr(R17_tos, Rclass_or_obj);
+      __ read_flat_field(Rcache, R17_tos);
+      __ verify_oop(R17_tos);
+      __ push(atos);
+      if (rc == may_rewrite) {
+        patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_vgetfield, Rbc, Rscratch);
+      }
+    }
   }
   __ beq(CR2, Lacquire); // Volatile?
   __ dispatch_epilog(vtos, Bytecodes::length_for(bytecode()));
@@ -2778,7 +2911,7 @@ void TemplateTable::getstatic(int byte_no) {
 // The function may destroy various registers, just not the cache and index registers.
 void TemplateTable::jvmti_post_field_mod(Register Rcache, Register Rscratch, bool is_static) {
 
-  assert_different_registers(Rcache, Rscratch, R6_ARG4);
+  assert_different_registers(Rcache, Rscratch);
 
   if (JvmtiExport::can_post_field_modification()) {
     Label Lno_field_mod_post;
@@ -2801,6 +2934,7 @@ void TemplateTable::jvmti_post_field_mod(Register Rcache, Register Rscratch, boo
       int offs = Interpreter::expr_offset_in_bytes(0);
       Register base = R15_esp;
       switch(bytecode()) {
+        case Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield: // fall through
         case Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield: __ push_ptr(); offs+= Interpreter::stackElementSize; break;
         case Bytecodes::_fast_iputfield: // Fall through
         case Bytecodes::_fast_bputfield: // Fall through
@@ -2835,12 +2969,17 @@ void TemplateTable::jvmti_post_field_mod(Register Rcache, Register Rscratch, boo
       __ verify_oop(Robj);
     }
 
-    __ addi(R6_ARG4, R15_esp, Interpreter::expr_offset_in_bytes(0));
-    __ call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::post_field_modification), Robj, Rcache, R6_ARG4);
+    // Pass arguments without register clashes (R16_thread passed by call_VM)
+    __ mr_if_needed(R4_ARG2, Robj);
+    assert(Rcache != R4_ARG2, "smashed argument");
+    __ mr_if_needed(R5_ARG3, Rcache);
+    __ addi(R6_ARG4, R15_esp, Interpreter::expr_offset_in_bytes(0)); // set R6_ARG4 last (may use same reg as other args)
+    __ call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::post_field_modification));
     __ load_field_entry(Rcache, Rscratch);
 
     // In case of the fast versions, value lives in registers => put it back on tos.
     switch(bytecode()) {
+      case Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield: // fall through
       case Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield: __ pop_ptr(); break;
       case Bytecodes::_fast_iputfield: // Fall through
       case Bytecodes::_fast_bputfield: // Fall through
@@ -2862,7 +3001,7 @@ void TemplateTable::jvmti_post_field_mod(Register Rcache, Register Rscratch, boo
 void TemplateTable::putfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteControl rc) {
   Label Lvolatile;
 
-  const Register Rcache        = R5_ARG3,  // Do not use ARG1/2 (causes trouble in jvmti_post_field_mod).
+  const Register Rcache        = R6_ARG4,  // Do not use ARG1-3 (causes trouble in jvmti_post_field_mod or write_flat_field).
                  Rclass_or_obj = R31,      // Needs to survive C call.
                  Roffset       = R22_tmp2, // Needs to survive C call.
                  Rtos_state    = R23_tmp3, // Needs to survive C call.
@@ -2870,7 +3009,7 @@ void TemplateTable::putfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
                  Rbtable       = R4_ARG2,
                  Rscratch      = R11_scratch1, // used by load_field_cp_cache_entry
                  Rscratch2     = R12_scratch2, // used by load_field_cp_cache_entry
-                 Rscratch3     = R6_ARG4,
+                 Rscratch3     = R10_ARG8,
                  Rbc           = Rscratch3;
   const ConditionRegister CR_is_vol = CR2; // Non-volatile condition register (survives runtime call in do_oop_store).
 
@@ -3064,11 +3203,52 @@ void TemplateTable::putfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
   assert(branch_table[atos] == nullptr, "can't compute twice");
   branch_table[atos] = __ pc(); // non-volatile_entry point
   __ pop(atos);
-  if (!is_static) { pop_and_check_object(Rclass_or_obj); } // kills R11_scratch1
-  do_oop_store(_masm, Rclass_or_obj, Roffset, R17_tos, Rscratch, Rscratch2, Rscratch3, IN_HEAP);
-  if (!is_static && rc == may_rewrite) {
-    patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield, Rbc, Rscratch, true, byte_no);
-  }
+  if (!Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    if (!is_static) { pop_and_check_object(Rclass_or_obj); } // kills R11_scratch1
+    do_oop_store(_masm, Rclass_or_obj, Roffset, R17_tos, Rscratch, Rscratch2, Rscratch3, IN_HEAP);
+    if (!is_static && rc == may_rewrite) {
+      patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield, Rbc, Rscratch, true, byte_no);
+    }
+  } else { // Valhalla
+    if (is_static) {
+      Label is_nullable;
+      __ test_field_is_not_null_free_inline_type(Rflags, is_nullable);
+      __ null_check_throw(R17_tos, -1, Rscratch);
+      __ align(32, 12);
+      __ bind(is_nullable);
+      do_oop_store(_masm, Rclass_or_obj, Roffset, R17_tos, Rscratch, Rscratch2, Rscratch3, IN_HEAP);
+    } else {
+      Label null_free_reference, is_flat, rewrite_inline;
+      __ test_field_is_flat(Rflags, is_flat);
+      __ test_field_is_null_free_inline_type(Rflags, null_free_reference);
+      pop_and_check_object(Rclass_or_obj);
+      // Store into the field
+      do_oop_store(_masm, Rclass_or_obj, Roffset, R17_tos, Rscratch, Rscratch2, Rscratch3, IN_HEAP);
+      if (rc == may_rewrite) {
+        patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield, Rbc, Rscratch, true, byte_no);
+      }
+      if (!support_IRIW_for_not_multiple_copy_atomic_cpu) {
+        __ beq(CR_is_vol, Lvolatile); // Volatile?
+      }
+      __ dispatch_epilog(vtos, Bytecodes::length_for(bytecode()));
+
+      // Implementation of the inline type semantic
+      __ bind(null_free_reference);
+      __ null_check_throw(R17_tos, -1, Rscratch);
+      pop_and_check_object(Rclass_or_obj);
+      // Store into the field
+      do_oop_store(_masm, Rclass_or_obj, Roffset, R17_tos, Rscratch, Rscratch2, Rscratch3, IN_HEAP);
+      __ b(rewrite_inline);
+
+      __ bind(is_flat);
+      pop_and_check_object(Rclass_or_obj);
+      __ write_flat_field(Rcache, Rscratch, Rscratch2, Rclass_or_obj, Roffset, R17_tos);
+      __ bind(rewrite_inline);
+      if (rc == may_rewrite) {
+        patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield, Rbc, Rscratch, true, byte_no);
+      }
+    }
+  } // Valhalla
   if (!support_IRIW_for_not_multiple_copy_atomic_cpu) {
     __ beq(CR_is_vol, Lvolatile); // Volatile?
     __ dispatch_epilog(vtos, Bytecodes::length_for(bytecode()));
@@ -3108,7 +3288,7 @@ void TemplateTable::jvmti_post_fast_field_mod() {
 void TemplateTable::fast_storefield(TosState state) {
   transition(state, vtos);
 
-  const Register Rcache        = R5_ARG3,  // Do not use ARG1/2 (causes trouble in jvmti_post_field_mod).
+  const Register Rcache        = R6_ARG4,  // Do not use ARG1-3 (causes trouble in jvmti_post_field_mod or write_flat_field).
                  Rclass_or_obj = R31,      // Needs to survive C call.
                  Roffset       = R22_tmp2, // Needs to survive C call.
                  Rflags        = R3_ARG1,
@@ -3138,6 +3318,19 @@ void TemplateTable::fast_storefield(TosState state) {
 
   // Do the store and fencing.
   switch(bytecode()) {
+    case Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield:
+    {
+      Label is_flat, done;
+      __ test_field_is_flat(Rflags, is_flat);
+      __ null_check_throw(Rclass_or_obj, -1, Rscratch);
+      do_oop_store(_masm, Rclass_or_obj, Roffset, R17_tos, Rscratch, Rscratch2, Rscratch3, IN_HEAP);
+      __ b(done);
+      __ bind(is_flat);
+      __ write_flat_field(Rcache, Rscratch, Rscratch2, Rclass_or_obj, Roffset, R17_tos);
+      __ bind(done);
+      break;
+    }
+
     case Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield:
       // Store into the field.
       do_oop_store(_masm, Rclass_or_obj, Roffset, R17_tos, Rscratch, Rscratch2, Rscratch3, IN_HEAP);
@@ -3213,6 +3406,21 @@ void TemplateTable::fast_accessfield(TosState state) {
   __ bne(CR0, LisVolatile);
 
   switch(bytecode()) {
+    case Bytecodes::_fast_vgetfield:
+    {
+      // field is flat
+      __ read_flat_field(Rcache, R17_tos);
+      __ verify_oop(R17_tos);
+      __ dispatch_epilog(state, Bytecodes::length_for(bytecode()));
+
+      __ bind(LisVolatile);
+      if (support_IRIW_for_not_multiple_copy_atomic_cpu) { __ fence(); }
+      __ read_flat_field(Rcache, R17_tos);
+      __ verify_oop(R17_tos);
+      __ twi_0(R17_tos);
+      __ isync();
+      break;
+    }
     case Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield:
     {
       do_oop_load(_masm, Rclass_or_obj, Roffset, R17_tos, Rscratch, /* nv temp */ Rflags, IN_HEAP);
@@ -3842,12 +4050,14 @@ void TemplateTable::_new() {
     // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
     // Init2: Initialize the header: mark, klass
     // Init mark.
-    if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+    if (UseCompactObjectHeaders || Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
       __ ld(Rscratch, in_bytes(Klass::prototype_header_offset()), RinstanceKlass);
-      __ std(Rscratch, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), RallocatedObject);
     } else {
       __ load_const_optimized(Rscratch, markWord::prototype().value(), R0);
-      __ std(Rscratch, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), RallocatedObject);
+    }
+    __ std(Rscratch, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), RallocatedObject);
+
+    if (!UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
       __ store_klass_gap(RallocatedObject);
       __ store_klass(RallocatedObject, RinstanceKlass, Rscratch);
     }
@@ -4110,6 +4320,10 @@ void TemplateTable::monitorenter() {
   // Null pointer exception.
   __ null_check_throw(Robj_to_lock, -1, Rscratch1);
 
+  Label is_inline_type;
+  __ ld(Rscratch1, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), Robj_to_lock);
+  __ test_markword_is_inline_type(Rscratch1, is_inline_type);
+
   // Check if any slot is present => short cut to allocation if not.
   __ cmpld(CR0, Rcurrent_monitor, Rbot);
   __ beq(CR0, Lallocate_new);
@@ -4166,6 +4380,11 @@ void TemplateTable::monitorenter() {
 
   // The bcp has already been incremented. Just need to dispatch to next instruction.
   __ dispatch_next(vtos);
+
+  __ bind(is_inline_type);
+  __ call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address,
+                    InterpreterRuntime::throw_identity_exception), Robj_to_lock);
+  __ should_not_reach_here();
 }
 
 void TemplateTable::monitorexit() {
@@ -4189,6 +4408,12 @@ void TemplateTable::monitorexit() {
   // Null pointer check.
   __ null_check_throw(Robj_to_lock, -1, Rscratch);
 
+  const int is_inline_type_mask = markWord::inline_type_pattern;
+  __ ld(Rscratch, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), Robj_to_lock);
+  __ andi(Rscratch, Rscratch, is_inline_type_mask);
+  __ cmpwi(CR0, Rscratch, is_inline_type_mask);
+  __ beq(CR0, Lillegal_monitor_state);
+
   // Check corner case: unbalanced monitorEnter / Exit.
   __ cmpld(CR0, Rcurrent_monitor, Rbot);
   __ beq(CR0, Lillegal_monitor_state);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/vm_version_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/vm_version_ppc.cpp
index be05ec1dfb3..8781230d812 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/vm_version_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/vm_version_ppc.cpp
@@ -342,6 +342,23 @@ void VM_Version::initialize() {
     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseUnalignedAccesses, true);
   }
 
+  if (InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs) {
+    warning("InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs is not supported on this CPU");
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, false);
+  }
+  if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+    warning("InlineTypeReturnedAsFields is not supported on this CPU");
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, false);
+  }
+
+  // TODO: Valhalla optimizations
+  if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseArrayFlattening                 )) FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseArrayFlattening                 , false);
+  if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseFieldFlattening                 )) FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseFieldFlattening                 , false);
+  if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening)) FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening, false);
+  if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening   )) FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening   , false);
+  if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening   )) FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening   , false);
+  if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening)) FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening, false);
+
   check_virtualizations();
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/vtableStubs_ppc_64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/vtableStubs_ppc_64.cpp
index e25a8baa9da..73a1cbe090f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/vtableStubs_ppc_64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/vtableStubs_ppc_64.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -44,10 +44,10 @@ extern "C" void bad_compiled_vtable_index(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* receiver,
 #endif
 
 // Used by compiler only; may use only caller saved, non-argument registers.
-VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) {
+VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index, bool caller_is_c1) {
   // Read "A word on VtableStub sizing" in share/code/vtableStubs.hpp for details on stub sizing.
   const int stub_code_length = code_size_limit(true);
-  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(true, vtable_index);
+  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(true, vtable_index, caller_is_c1);
   // Can be null if there is no free space in the code cache.
   if (s == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
@@ -130,10 +130,10 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) {
   return s;
 }
 
-VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int itable_index) {
+VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int itable_index, bool caller_is_c1) {
   // Read "A word on VtableStub sizing" in share/code/vtableStubs.hpp for details on stub sizing.
   const int stub_code_length = code_size_limit(false);
-  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(false, itable_index);
+  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(false, itable_index, caller_is_c1);
   // Can be null if there is no free space in the code cache.
   if (s == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_CodeStubs_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_CodeStubs_riscv.cpp
index a8a21342248..53af501e9b6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_CodeStubs_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_CodeStubs_riscv.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2014, Red Hat Inc. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2020, 2023, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
@@ -121,6 +121,72 @@ void DivByZeroStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
 #endif
 }
 
+// Implementation of LoadFlattenedArrayStub
+
+LoadFlattenedArrayStub::LoadFlattenedArrayStub(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr index, LIR_Opr result, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  _array = array;
+  _index = index;
+  _result = result;
+  _scratch_reg = FrameMap::r10_oop_opr;
+  _info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
+}
+
+void LoadFlattenedArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
+  assert(__ rsp_offset() == 0, "frame size should be fixed");
+  __ bind(_entry);
+  ce->store_parameter(_array->as_register(), 1);
+  ce->store_parameter(_index->as_register(), 0);
+  __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_load_flat_array_id)));
+  ce->add_call_info_here(_info);
+  ce->verify_oop_map(_info);
+  if (_result->as_register() != x10) {
+    __ mv(_result->as_register(), x10);
+  }
+  __ j(_continuation);
+}
+
+// Implementation of StoreFlattenedArrayStub
+
+StoreFlattenedArrayStub::StoreFlattenedArrayStub(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr index, LIR_Opr value, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  _array = array;
+  _index = index;
+  _value = value;
+  _scratch_reg = FrameMap::r10_oop_opr;
+  _info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
+}
+
+void StoreFlattenedArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
+  assert(__ rsp_offset() == 0, "frame size should be fixed");
+  __ bind(_entry);
+  ce->store_parameter(_array->as_register(), 2);
+  ce->store_parameter(_index->as_register(), 1);
+  ce->store_parameter(_value->as_register(), 0);
+  __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_store_flat_array_id)));
+  ce->add_call_info_here(_info);
+  ce->verify_oop_map(_info);
+  __ j(_continuation);
+}
+
+// Implementation of SubstitutabilityCheckStub
+
+SubstitutabilityCheckStub::SubstitutabilityCheckStub(LIR_Opr left, LIR_Opr right, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  _left = left;
+  _right = right;
+  _scratch_reg = FrameMap::r10_oop_opr;
+  _info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
+}
+
+void SubstitutabilityCheckStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
+  assert(__ rsp_offset() == 0, "frame size should be fixed");
+  __ bind(_entry);
+  ce->store_parameter(_left->as_register(), 1);
+  ce->store_parameter(_right->as_register(), 0);
+  __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_substitutability_check_id)));
+  ce->add_call_info_here(_info);
+  ce->verify_oop_map(_info);
+  __ j(_continuation);
+}
+
 // Implementation of NewInstanceStub
 NewInstanceStub::NewInstanceStub(LIR_Opr klass_reg, LIR_Opr result, ciInstanceKlass* klass, CodeEmitInfo* info, StubId stub_id) {
   _result = result;
@@ -166,11 +232,13 @@ void NewTypeArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
 }
 
 // Implementation of NewObjectArrayStub
-NewObjectArrayStub::NewObjectArrayStub(LIR_Opr klass_reg, LIR_Opr length, LIR_Opr result, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+NewObjectArrayStub::NewObjectArrayStub(LIR_Opr klass_reg, LIR_Opr length, LIR_Opr result,
+                                       CodeEmitInfo* info, bool is_null_free) {
   _klass_reg = klass_reg;
   _result = result;
   _length = length;
   _info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
+  _is_null_free = is_null_free;
 }
 
 void NewObjectArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
@@ -178,7 +246,13 @@ void NewObjectArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
   __ bind(_entry);
   assert(_length->as_register() == x9, "length must in x9");
   assert(_klass_reg->as_register() == x13, "klass_reg must in x13");
-  __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_new_object_array_id)));
+
+  if (_is_null_free) {
+    __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_new_null_free_array_id)));
+  } else {
+    __ far_call(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_new_object_array_id)));
+  }
+
   ce->add_call_info_here(_info);
   ce->verify_oop_map(_info);
   assert(_result->as_register() == x10, "result must in x10");
@@ -188,6 +262,13 @@ void NewObjectArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
 void MonitorEnterStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
   assert(__ rsp_offset() == 0, "frame size should be fixed");
   __ bind(_entry);
+  if (_throw_ie_stub != nullptr) {
+    // When we come here, _obj_reg has already been checked to be non-null.
+    __ ld(t0, Address(_obj_reg->as_register(), oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    __ mv(t1, markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+    __ andr(t0, t0, t1);
+    __ beq(t0, t1, *_throw_ie_stub->entry(), /* is_far */ true);
+  }
   ce->store_parameter(_obj_reg->as_register(),  1);
   ce->store_parameter(_lock_reg->as_register(), 0);
   StubId enter_id;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_arraycopy_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_arraycopy_riscv.cpp
index 8aced227a06..979aae0b663 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_arraycopy_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_arraycopy_riscv.cpp
@@ -240,6 +240,18 @@ void LIR_Assembler::arraycopy_type_check(Register src, Register src_pos, Registe
   }
 }
 
+void LIR_Assembler::arraycopy_inlinetype_check(Register obj, Register tmp, CodeStub* slow_path, bool is_dest, bool null_check) {
+  if (null_check) {
+    __ beqz(obj, *slow_path->entry(), /* is_far */ true);
+  }
+  if (is_dest) {
+    __ test_null_free_array_oop(obj, tmp, *slow_path->entry());
+    __ test_flat_array_oop(obj, tmp, *slow_path->entry());
+  } else {
+    __ test_flat_array_oop(obj, tmp, *slow_path->entry());
+  }
+}
+
 void LIR_Assembler::emit_arraycopy(LIR_OpArrayCopy* op) {
   ciArrayKlass *default_type = op->expected_type();
   Register src = op->src()->as_register();
@@ -254,12 +266,25 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_arraycopy(LIR_OpArrayCopy* op) {
   BasicType basic_type = default_type != nullptr ? default_type->element_type()->basic_type() : T_ILLEGAL;
   if (is_reference_type(basic_type)) { basic_type = T_OBJECT; }
 
+  if (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::always_slow_path) {
+    __ j(*stub->entry());
+    __ bind(*stub->continuation());
+    return;
+  }
+
   // if we don't know anything, just go through the generic arraycopy
   if (default_type == nullptr) {
     generic_arraycopy(src, src_pos, length, dst, dst_pos, stub);
     return;
   }
 
+  if (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::src_inlinetype_check) {
+    arraycopy_inlinetype_check(src, tmp, stub, false, (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::src_null_check));
+  }
+  if (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::dst_inlinetype_check) {
+    arraycopy_inlinetype_check(dst, tmp, stub, true, (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::dst_null_check));
+  }
+
   assert(default_type != nullptr && default_type->is_array_klass() && default_type->is_loaded(),
          "must be true at this point");
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_arraycopy_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_arraycopy_riscv.hpp
index b5452f3e4cd..5e0b559cc12 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_arraycopy_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_arraycopy_riscv.hpp
@@ -47,5 +47,6 @@
                             Register dst, Register dst_pos);
   void arraycopy_load_args(Register src, Register src_pos, Register length,
                            Register dst, Register dst_pos);
+  void arraycopy_inlinetype_check(Register obj, Register tmp, CodeStub* slow_path, bool is_dest, bool null_check);
 
 #endif // CPU_RISCV_C1_LIRASSEMBLER_ARRAYCOPY_RISCV_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_riscv.cpp
index 29e5d86d0cc..a5359f81ea7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -33,11 +33,14 @@
 #include "c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp"
 #include "c1/c1_ValueStack.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciInstance.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "code/compiledIC.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp"
 #include "nativeInst_riscv.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
@@ -341,7 +344,7 @@ int LIR_Assembler::emit_unwind_handler() {
 
   // remove the activation and dispatch to the unwind handler
   __ block_comment("remove_frame and dispatch to the unwind handler");
-  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes());
+  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes(), needs_stack_repair());
   __ far_jump(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_unwind_exception_id)));
 
   // Emit the slow path assembly
@@ -382,8 +385,10 @@ int LIR_Assembler::emit_deopt_handler() {
 void LIR_Assembler::return_op(LIR_Opr result, C1SafepointPollStub* code_stub) {
   assert(result->is_illegal() || !result->is_single_cpu() || result->as_register() == x10, "word returns are in x10");
 
+  assert(!InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, "unimplemented");
+
   // Pop the stack before the safepoint code
-  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes());
+  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes(), needs_stack_repair());
 
   if (StackReservedPages > 0 && compilation()->has_reserved_stack_access()) {
     __ reserved_stack_check();
@@ -395,6 +400,11 @@ void LIR_Assembler::return_op(LIR_Opr result, C1SafepointPollStub* code_stub) {
   __ ret();
 }
 
+int LIR_Assembler::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(ciInlineKlass* vk) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return 0;
+}
+
 int LIR_Assembler::safepoint_poll(LIR_Opr tmp, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
   guarantee(info != nullptr, "Shouldn't be null");
   __ get_polling_page(t0, relocInfo::poll_type);
@@ -436,10 +446,10 @@ void LIR_Assembler::const2reg(LIR_Opr src, LIR_Opr dest, LIR_PatchCode patch_cod
 
     case T_OBJECT:
     case T_ARRAY:
-      if (patch_code == lir_patch_none) {
-        jobject2reg(c->as_jobject(), dest->as_register());
-      } else {
+      if (patch_code != lir_patch_none) {
         jobject2reg_with_patching(dest->as_register(), info);
+      } else {
+        jobject2reg(c->as_jobject(), dest->as_register());
       }
       break;
 
@@ -843,6 +853,21 @@ void LIR_Assembler::mem2reg(LIR_Opr src, LIR_Opr dest, BasicType type, LIR_Patch
   }
 }
 
+void LIR_Assembler::move(LIR_Opr src, LIR_Opr dst) {
+  assert(dst->is_cpu_register(), "must be");
+  assert(dst->type() == src->type(), "must be");
+
+  if (src->is_cpu_register()) {
+    reg2reg(src, dst);
+  } else if (src->is_stack()) {
+    stack2reg(src, dst, dst->type());
+  } else if (src->is_constant()) {
+    const2reg(src, dst, lir_patch_none, nullptr);
+  } else {
+    ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+}
+
 void LIR_Assembler::emit_op3(LIR_Op3* op) {
   switch (op->code()) {
     case lir_idiv: // fall through
@@ -997,7 +1022,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_alloc_obj(LIR_OpAllocObj* op) {
 void LIR_Assembler::emit_alloc_array(LIR_OpAllocArray* op) {
   Register len = op->len()->as_register();
 
-  if (UseSlowPath ||
+  if (UseSlowPath || op->always_slow_path() ||
       (!UseFastNewObjectArray && is_reference_type(op->type())) ||
       (!UseFastNewTypeArray   && !is_reference_type(op->type()))) {
     __ j(*op->stub()->entry());
@@ -1060,8 +1085,18 @@ void LIR_Assembler::typecheck_helper_slowcheck(ciKlass *k, Register obj, Registe
       // See if we get an immediate positive hit
       __ beq(k_RInfo, t0, *success_target);
       // check for self
-      __ beq(klass_RInfo, k_RInfo, *success_target);
-
+      if (k->is_loaded() && k->is_obj_array_klass()) {
+        // For a direct pointer comparison, we need the refined array klass pointer
+        ciKlass* k_refined = ciObjArrayKlass::make(k->as_obj_array_klass()->element_klass());
+        if (!k_refined->is_loaded()) {
+          bailout("encountered unloaded_ciobjarrayklass due to out of memory error");
+          return;
+        }
+        __ mov_metadata(t0, k_refined->constant_encoding());
+        __ beq(klass_RInfo, t0, *success_target);
+      } else {
+        __ beq(klass_RInfo, k_RInfo, *success_target);
+      }
       __ subi(sp, sp, 2 * wordSize); // 2: store k_RInfo and klass_RInfo
       __ sd(k_RInfo, Address(sp, 0));             // sub klass
       __ sd(klass_RInfo, Address(sp, wordSize));  // super klass
@@ -1146,16 +1181,19 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_typecheck_helper(LIR_OpTypeCheck *op, Label* success, L
 
   assert_different_registers(obj, k_RInfo, klass_RInfo);
 
-  if (should_profile) {
-    profile_object(md, data, obj, k_RInfo, klass_RInfo, obj_is_null);
-  } else {
-    __ beqz(obj, *obj_is_null);
+  if (op->need_null_check()) {
+    if (should_profile) {
+      profile_object(md, data, obj, k_RInfo, klass_RInfo, obj_is_null);
+    } else {
+      __ beqz(obj, *obj_is_null);
+    }
   }
 
   typecheck_loaded(op, k, k_RInfo);
   __ verify_oop(obj);
 
   if (op->fast_check()) {
+    assert(!k->is_loaded() || !k->is_obj_array_klass(), "Use refined array for a direct pointer comparison");
     // get object class
     // not a safepoint as obj null check happens earlier
     __ load_klass(t0, obj, t1);
@@ -1199,6 +1237,122 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_opTypeCheck(LIR_OpTypeCheck* op) {
   }
 }
 
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_opFlattenedArrayCheck(LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck* op) {
+  // We are loading/storing from/to an array that *may* be a flat array (the
+  // declared type is Object[], abstract[], interface[] or VT.ref[]).
+  // If this array is a flat array, take the slow path.
+  __ test_flat_array_oop(op->array()->as_register(), op->tmp()->as_register(), *op->stub()->entry());
+}
+
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_opNullFreeArrayCheck(LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck* op) {
+  // We are storing into an array that *may* be null-free (the declared type is
+  // Object[], abstract[], interface[] or VT.ref[]).
+  Label test_mark_word;
+  Register tmp = op->tmp()->as_register();
+  __ ld(tmp, Address(op->array()->as_register(), oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+  __ test_bit(t0, tmp, exact_log2(markWord::unlocked_value));
+  __ bnez(t0, test_mark_word);
+  __ load_prototype_header(tmp, op->array()->as_register());
+  __ bind(test_mark_word);
+  __ test_bit(tmp, tmp, exact_log2(markWord::null_free_array_bit_in_place));
+}
+
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_opSubstitutabilityCheck(LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck* op) {
+  Label L_oops_equal;
+  Label L_oops_not_equal;
+  Label L_end;
+
+  Register left  = op->left()->as_register();
+  Register right = op->right()->as_register();
+
+  __ beq(left, right, L_oops_equal);
+
+  // (1) Null check -- if one of the operands is null, the other must not be null (because
+  //     the two references are not equal), so they are not substitutable,
+  __ beqz(left, L_oops_not_equal);
+  __ beqz(right, L_oops_not_equal);
+
+  ciKlass* left_klass = op->left_klass();
+  ciKlass* right_klass = op->right_klass();
+
+  // (2) Inline type check -- if either of the operands is not a inline type,
+  //     they are not substitutable. We do this only if we are not sure that the
+  //     operands are inline type
+  if ((left_klass == nullptr || right_klass == nullptr) ||// The klass is still unloaded, or came from a Phi node.
+      !left_klass->is_inlinetype() || !right_klass->is_inlinetype()) {
+    Register tmp1 = op->tmp1()->as_register();
+    Register tmp2 = op->tmp2()->as_register();
+    __ mv(tmp1, markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+    __ ld(tmp2, Address(left, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    __ andr(tmp1, tmp1, tmp2);
+    __ ld(tmp2, Address(right, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    __ andr(tmp1, tmp1, tmp2);
+    __ mv(tmp2, (u1)markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+    __ bne(tmp1, tmp2, L_oops_not_equal);
+  }
+
+  // (3) Same klass check: if the operands are of different klasses, they are not substitutable.
+  if (left_klass != nullptr && left_klass->is_inlinetype() && left_klass == right_klass) {
+    // No need to load klass -- the operands are statically known to be the same inline klass.
+    __ j(*op->stub()->entry());
+  } else {
+    Register left_klass_op = op->tmp1()->as_register();
+    Register right_klass_op = op->tmp2()->as_register();
+    if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+      __ load_narrow_klass_compact(left_klass_op, left);
+      __ load_narrow_klass_compact(right_klass_op, right);
+    } else {
+      __ lwu(left_klass_op,  Address(left,  oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()));
+      __ lwu(right_klass_op, Address(right, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()));
+    }
+    __ beq(left_klass_op, right_klass_op, *op->stub()->entry(), /* is_far */ true); // same klass -> do slow check
+    // fall through to L_oops_not_equal
+  }
+
+  __ bind(L_oops_not_equal);
+  move(op->not_equal_result(), op->result_opr());
+  __ j(L_end);
+
+  // We've returned from the stub. X10 contains 0x0 IFF the two
+  // operands are not substitutable. (Don't compare against 0x1 in case the
+  // C compiler is naughty)
+  __ bind(*op->stub()->continuation());
+  __ beqz(x10, L_oops_not_equal); // (call_stub() == 0x0) -> not_equal
+
+  __ bind(L_oops_equal);
+  move(op->equal_result(), op->result_opr()); // (call_stub() != 0x0) -> equal
+  // fall-through
+  __ bind(L_end);
+}
+
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_profile_inline_type(LIR_OpProfileInlineType* op) {
+  Register obj = op->obj()->as_register();
+  Register tmp = op->tmp()->as_pointer_register();
+  bool not_null = op->not_null();
+  int flag = op->flag();
+
+  assert_different_registers(tmp, t0, t1);
+
+  Label not_inline_type;
+  if (!not_null) {
+    __ beqz(obj, not_inline_type);
+  }
+
+  __ test_oop_is_not_inline_type(obj, tmp, not_inline_type);
+
+  Address mdo_addr = as_Address(op->mdp()->as_address_ptr(), t1);
+  __ lbu(tmp, mdo_addr);
+  __ mv(t0, flag);
+  __ orr(tmp, tmp, t0);
+  __ sb(tmp, mdo_addr);
+
+  __ bind(not_inline_type);
+}
+
+void LIR_Assembler::check_orig_pc() {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
 void LIR_Assembler::emit_compare_and_swap(LIR_OpCompareAndSwap* op) {
   Register addr;
   if (op->addr()->is_register()) {
@@ -1320,7 +1474,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::call(LIR_OpJavaCall* op, relocInfo::relocType rtype) {
     bailout("reloc call address stub overflow");
     return;
   }
-  add_call_info(code_offset(), op->info());
+  add_call_info(code_offset(), op->info(), op->maybe_return_as_fields());
   __ post_call_nop();
 }
 
@@ -1331,7 +1485,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::ic_call(LIR_OpJavaCall* op) {
     bailout("reloc call address stub overflow");
     return;
   }
-  add_call_info(code_offset(), op->info());
+  add_call_info(code_offset(), op->info(), op->maybe_return_as_fields());
   __ post_call_nop();
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_riscv.hpp
index 90b6b3ee4f4..4a915c727ae 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_riscv.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2014, Red Hat Inc. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2020, 2022, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
@@ -112,6 +112,7 @@ friend class ArrayCopyStub;
   void logic_op_reg(Register dst, Register left, Register right, LIR_Code code);
   void logic_op_imm(Register dst, Register left, int right, LIR_Code code);
 
+  void move(LIR_Opr src, LIR_Opr dst);
 public:
 
   void emit_cmove(LIR_Op4* op);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRGenerator_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRGenerator_riscv.cpp
index 5e0deb84a14..f4645bbd0a7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRGenerator_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRGenerator_riscv.cpp
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp"
 #include "c1/c1_ValueStack.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciArray.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInstanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciTypeArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
@@ -103,6 +104,7 @@ LIR_Opr LIRGenerator::rlock_byte(BasicType type) {
   return reg;
 }
 
+
 //--------- loading items into registers --------------------------------
 
 
@@ -279,11 +281,17 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_MonitorEnter(MonitorEnter* x) {
   if (x->needs_null_check()) {
     info_for_exception = state_for(x);
   }
+
+  CodeStub* throw_ie_stub =
+      x->maybe_inlinetype() ?
+      new SimpleExceptionStub(StubId::c1_throw_identity_exception_id, obj.result(), state_for(x)) :
+      nullptr;
+
   // this CodeEmitInfo must not have the xhandlers because here the
   // object is already locked (xhandlers expect object to be unlocked)
   CodeEmitInfo* info = state_for(x, x->state(), true);
   monitor_enter(obj.result(), lock, syncTempOpr(), scratch,
-                x->monitor_no(), info_for_exception, info);
+                x->monitor_no(), info_for_exception, info, throw_ie_stub);
 }
 
 void LIRGenerator::do_MonitorExit(MonitorExit* x) {
@@ -910,15 +918,17 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_NewInstance(NewInstance* x) {
     tty->print_cr("   ###class not loaded at new bci %d", x->printable_bci());
   }
 #endif
-  CodeEmitInfo* info = state_for(x, x->state());
+  CodeEmitInfo* info = state_for(x, x->needs_state_before() ? x->state_before() : x->state());
   LIR_Opr reg = result_register_for(x->type());
   new_instance(reg, x->klass(), x->is_unresolved(),
+               !x->is_unresolved() && x->klass()->is_inlinetype(),
                FrameMap::r12_oop_opr,
                FrameMap::r15_oop_opr,
                FrameMap::r14_oop_opr,
                LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr,
                FrameMap::r13_metadata_opr,
                info);
+
   LIR_Opr result = rlock_result(x);
   __ move(reg, result);
 }
@@ -974,13 +984,20 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_NewObjectArray(NewObjectArray* x) {
   length.load_item_force(FrameMap::r9_opr);
   LIR_Opr len = length.result();
 
-  CodeStub* slow_path = new NewObjectArrayStub(klass_reg, len, reg, info);
-  ciKlass* obj = (ciKlass*) ciObjArrayKlass::make(x->klass());
+  ciKlass* obj = ciObjArrayKlass::make(x->klass());
+
+  // TODO 8265122 Implement a fast path for this
+  bool is_flat = obj->is_loaded() && obj->is_flat_array_klass();
+  bool is_null_free = obj->is_loaded() && obj->as_array_klass()->is_elem_null_free();
+
+  CodeStub* slow_path = new NewObjectArrayStub(klass_reg, len, reg, info, is_null_free);
+
   if (obj == ciEnv::unloaded_ciobjarrayklass()) {
     BAILOUT("encountered unloaded_ciobjarrayklass due to out of memory error");
   }
   klass2reg_with_patching(klass_reg, obj, patching_info);
-  __ allocate_array(reg, len, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, tmp4, T_OBJECT, klass_reg, slow_path);
+  bool always_slow_path = is_null_free || is_flat;
+  __ allocate_array(reg, len, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, tmp4, T_OBJECT, klass_reg, slow_path, true /*zero_array*/, always_slow_path);
 
   LIR_Opr result = rlock_result(x);
   __ move(reg, result);
@@ -1077,7 +1094,7 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_CheckCast(CheckCast* x) {
   __ checkcast(reg, obj.result(), x->klass(),
                new_register(objectType), new_register(objectType), tmp3,
                x->direct_compare(), info_for_exception, patching_info, stub,
-               x->profiled_method(), x->profiled_bci());
+               x->profiled_method(), x->profiled_bci(), x->is_null_free());
 }
 
 void LIRGenerator::do_InstanceOf(InstanceOf* x) {
@@ -1142,8 +1159,13 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_If(If* x) {
     __ safepoint(LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr, state_for(x, x->state_before()));
   }
 
+  if (x->substitutability_check()) {
+    substitutability_check(x, *xin, *yin);
+  } else {
+    __ cmp(lir_cond(cond), left, right);
+  }
+
   // Generate branch profiling. Profiling code doesn't kill flags.
-  __ cmp(lir_cond(cond), left, right);
   profile_branch(x, cond);
   move_to_phi(x->state());
   if (x->x()->type()->is_float_kind()) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
index abcc070b253..6db1b8be990 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -28,11 +28,13 @@
 #include "c1/c1_MacroAssembler.hpp"
 #include "c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
+#include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp"
 #include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
 #include "oops/arrayOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/markWord.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/basicLock.hpp"
 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
@@ -85,14 +87,22 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::try_allocate(Register obj, Register var_size_in_bytes, i
 
 void C1_MacroAssembler::initialize_header(Register obj, Register klass, Register len, Register tmp1, Register tmp2) {
   assert_different_registers(obj, klass, len, tmp1, tmp2);
-  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders || Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    // COH: Markword contains class pointer which is only known at runtime.
+    // Valhalla: Could have value class which has a different prototype header to a normal object.
+    // In both cases, we need to fetch dynamically.
     ld(tmp1, Address(klass, Klass::prototype_header_offset()));
     sd(tmp1, Address(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
   } else {
-    // This assumes that all prototype bits fitr in an int32_t
+    // Otherwise: Can use the statically computed prototype header which is the same for every object.
     mv(tmp1, checked_cast<int32_t>(markWord::prototype().value()));
     sd(tmp1, Address(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
-    encode_klass_not_null(tmp1, klass, tmp2);
+  }
+
+  if (!UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+    // COH: Markword already contains class pointer. Nothing else to do.
+    // Otherwise: Fetch klass pointer following the markword
+    encode_klass_not_null(tmp1, klass, tmp2); // Take care not to kill klass
     sw(tmp1, Address(obj, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()));
   }
 
@@ -243,23 +253,29 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::allocate_array(Register obj, Register len, Register tmp1
   verify_oop(obj);
 }
 
-void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame(int framesize, int bang_size_in_bytes) {
-  assert(bang_size_in_bytes >= framesize, "stack bang size incorrect");
+void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes,
+                                    int sp_offset_for_orig_pc,
+                                    bool needs_stack_repair, bool has_scalarized_args,
+                                    Label* verified_inline_entry_label) {
+  assert(bang_size_in_bytes >= frame_size_in_bytes, "stack bang size incorrect");
+
+  assert(!needs_stack_repair && !has_scalarized_args, "");
+
   // Make sure there is enough stack space for this method's activation.
   // Note that we do this before creating a frame.
   generate_stack_overflow_check(bang_size_in_bytes);
-  MacroAssembler::build_frame(framesize);
+  MacroAssembler::build_frame(frame_size_in_bytes);
 
   // Insert nmethod entry barrier into frame.
   BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
   bs->nmethod_entry_barrier(this, nullptr /* slow_path */, nullptr /* continuation */, nullptr /* guard */);
-}
 
-void C1_MacroAssembler::remove_frame(int framesize) {
-  MacroAssembler::remove_frame(framesize);
+  if (verified_inline_entry_label != nullptr) {
+    // Jump here from the scalarized entry points that already created the frame.
+    bind(*verified_inline_entry_label);
+  }
 }
 
-
 void C1_MacroAssembler::verified_entry(bool breakAtEntry) {
   // If we have to make this method not-entrant we'll overwrite its
   // first instruction with a jump. For this action to be legal we
@@ -270,6 +286,12 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::verified_entry(bool breakAtEntry) {
   nop();  // 4 bytes
 }
 
+int C1_MacroAssembler::scalarized_entry(const CompiledEntrySignature* ces, int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes,
+                                        int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, Label& verified_inline_entry_label, bool is_inline_ro_entry) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return 0;
+}
+
 void C1_MacroAssembler::load_parameter(int offset_in_words, Register reg) {
   //  fp + -2: link
   //     + -1: return address
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_Runtime1_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_Runtime1_riscv.cpp
index a06584e9411..b031a4ce5cc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_Runtime1_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_Runtime1_riscv.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2014, Red Hat Inc. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2020, 2023, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
@@ -735,6 +735,7 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
 
     case StubId::c1_new_type_array_id:
     case StubId::c1_new_object_array_id:
+    case StubId::c1_new_null_free_array_id:
       {
         Register length   = x9;  // Incoming
         Register klass    = x13; // Incoming
@@ -742,8 +743,11 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
 
         if (id == StubId::c1_new_type_array_id) {
           __ set_info("new_type_array", dont_gc_arguments);
-        } else {
+        } else if (id == StubId::c1_new_object_array_id) {
           __ set_info("new_object_array", dont_gc_arguments);
+        } else {
+          assert(id == StubId::c1_new_null_free_array_id, "must be");
+          __ set_info("new_null_free_array", dont_gc_arguments);
         }
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
@@ -753,10 +757,30 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
           Register tmp = obj;
           __ lwu(tmp, Address(klass, Klass::layout_helper_offset()));
           __ sraiw(tmp, tmp, Klass::_lh_array_tag_shift);
-          int tag = ((id == StubId::c1_new_type_array_id) ? Klass::_lh_array_tag_type_value : Klass::_lh_array_tag_obj_value);
-          __ mv(t0, tag);
-          __ beq(t0, tmp, ok);
-          __ stop("assert(is an array klass)");
+
+          switch (id) {
+            case StubId::c1_new_type_array_id:
+              __ mv(t0, (int)Klass::_lh_array_tag_type_value);
+              __ beq(t0, tmp, ok);
+              __ stop("assert(is a type array klass)");
+              break;
+            case StubId::c1_new_object_array_id:
+              __ mv(t0, (int)Klass::_lh_array_tag_ref_value);  // new "[Ljava/lang/Object;"
+              __ beq(t0, tmp, ok);
+              __ mv(t0, (int)Klass::_lh_array_tag_flat_value); // new "[LVT;"
+              __ beq(t0, tmp, ok);
+              __ stop("assert(is an object or inline type array klass)");
+              break;
+            case StubId::c1_new_null_free_array_id:
+              __ mv(t0, (int)Klass::_lh_array_tag_flat_value); // the array can be a flat array.
+              __ beq(t0, tmp, ok);
+              __ mv(t0, (int)Klass::_lh_array_tag_ref_value);  // the array cannot be a flat array (due to the InlineArrayElementMaxFlatSize, etc.)
+              __ beq(t0, tmp, ok);
+              __ stop("assert(is an object or inline type array klass)");
+              break;
+            default: ShouldNotReachHere();
+         }
+
           __ should_not_reach_here();
           __ bind(ok);
         }
@@ -768,8 +792,10 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
         int call_offset = 0;
         if (id == StubId::c1_new_type_array_id) {
           call_offset = __ call_RT(obj, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, new_type_array), klass, length);
-        } else {
+        } else if (id == StubId::c1_new_object_array_id) {
           call_offset = __ call_RT(obj, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, new_object_array), klass, length);
+        } else {
+          call_offset = __ call_RT(obj, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, new_null_free_array), klass, length);
         }
 
         oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
@@ -808,6 +834,89 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
       }
       break;
 
+    case StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_id:
+    case StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_no_receiver_id:
+      {
+        const char* name = (id == StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_id) ?
+          "buffer_inline_args" : "buffer_inline_args_no_receiver";
+        StubFrame f(sasm, name, dont_gc_arguments);
+        OopMap* map = save_live_registers(sasm);
+        Register method = x9;   // Incoming
+        address entry = (id == StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_id) ?
+          CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, buffer_inline_args) :
+          CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, buffer_inline_args_no_receiver);
+        // This is called from a C1 method's scalarized entry point
+        // where x10-x17 may be holding live argument values so we can't
+        // return the result in x10 as the other stubs do. RA is used as
+        // a temporary below to avoid the result being clobbered by
+        // restore_live_registers. It's saved and restored by
+        // StubAssembler::prologue and epilogue anyway.
+        int call_offset = __ call_RT(ra, noreg, entry, method);
+        oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+        oop_maps->add_gc_map(call_offset, map);
+        restore_live_registers(sasm);
+        __ mv(x18, ra);
+        __ verify_oop(x18);  // x18: an array of buffered value objects
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case StubId::c1_load_flat_array_id:
+      {
+        StubFrame f(sasm, "load_flat_array", dont_gc_arguments);
+        OopMap* map = save_live_registers(sasm);
+
+        // Called with store_parameter and not C abi
+
+        f.load_argument(1, x10); // x10,: array
+        f.load_argument(0, x11); // x11,: index
+        int call_offset = __ call_RT(x10, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, load_flat_array), x10, x11);
+
+        oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+        oop_maps->add_gc_map(call_offset, map);
+        restore_live_registers_except_r10(sasm);
+
+        // x10: loaded element at array[index]
+        __ verify_oop(x10);
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case StubId::c1_store_flat_array_id:
+      {
+        StubFrame f(sasm, "store_flat_array", dont_gc_arguments);
+        OopMap* map = save_live_registers(sasm);
+
+        // Called with store_parameter and not C abi
+
+        f.load_argument(2, x10); // x10: array
+        f.load_argument(1, x11); // x11: index
+        f.load_argument(0, x12); // x12: value
+        int call_offset = __ call_RT(noreg, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, store_flat_array), x10, x11, x12);
+
+        oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+        oop_maps->add_gc_map(call_offset, map);
+        restore_live_registers_except_r10(sasm);
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case StubId::c1_substitutability_check_id:
+      {
+        StubFrame f(sasm, "substitutability_check", dont_gc_arguments);
+        OopMap* map = save_live_registers(sasm);
+
+        // Called with store_parameter and not C abi
+
+        f.load_argument(1, x11); // x11,: left
+        f.load_argument(0, x12); // x12,: right
+        int call_offset = __ call_RT(noreg, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, substitutability_check), x11, x12);
+
+        oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+        oop_maps->add_gc_map(call_offset, map);
+        restore_live_registers_except_r10(sasm);
+
+        // x10,: are the two operands substitutable
+      }
+      break;
+
     case StubId::c1_register_finalizer_id:
       {
         __ set_info("register_finalizer", dont_gc_arguments);
@@ -851,12 +960,24 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
 
     case StubId::c1_throw_incompatible_class_change_error_id:
       {
-        StubFrame f(sasm, "throw_incompatible_class_cast_exception", dont_gc_arguments, does_not_return);
+        StubFrame f(sasm, "throw_incompatible_class_change_error", dont_gc_arguments, does_not_return);
         oop_maps = generate_exception_throw(sasm,
                                             CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, throw_incompatible_class_change_error), false);
       }
       break;
 
+    case StubId::c1_throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception_id:
+      { StubFrame f(sasm, "throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception", dont_gc_arguments);
+        oop_maps = generate_exception_throw(sasm, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception), false);
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case StubId::c1_throw_identity_exception_id:
+      { StubFrame f(sasm, "throw_identity_exception", dont_gc_arguments);
+        oop_maps = generate_exception_throw(sasm, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, throw_identity_exception), true);
+      }
+      break;
+
     case StubId::c1_slow_subtype_check_id:
       {
         // Typical calling sequence:
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_CodeStubs_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_CodeStubs_riscv.cpp
index 3436f9f8fc9..3ff490fbb81 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_CodeStubs_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_CodeStubs_riscv.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2020, 2023, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -68,7 +68,6 @@ void C2EntryBarrierStub::emit(C2_MacroAssembler& masm) {
   // make guard value 4-byte aligned so that it can be accessed atomically
   __ align(4);
   __ bind(guard());
-  __ relocate(entry_guard_Relocation::spec());
   __ emit_int32(0);  // nmethod guard value
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
index 2dca5215aec..011d20e2f9b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -45,6 +45,29 @@
 
 #define BIND(label) bind(label); BLOCK_COMMENT(#label ":")
 
+void C2_MacroAssembler::entry_barrier() {
+  BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
+  // Dummy labels for just measuring the code size
+  Label dummy_slow_path;
+  Label dummy_continuation;
+  Label dummy_guard;
+  Label* slow_path = &dummy_slow_path;
+  Label* continuation = &dummy_continuation;
+  Label* guard = &dummy_guard;
+
+  if (!Compile::current()->output()->in_scratch_emit_size()) {
+    // Use real labels from actual stub when not emitting code for the purpose of measuring its size
+    C2EntryBarrierStub* stub = new (Compile::current()->comp_arena()) C2EntryBarrierStub();
+    Compile::current()->output()->add_stub(stub);
+    slow_path = &stub->entry();
+    continuation = &stub->continuation();
+    guard = &stub->guard();
+  }
+
+  // In the C2 code, we move the non-hot part of nmethod entry barriers out-of-line to a stub.
+  bs->nmethod_entry_barrier(this, slow_path, continuation, guard);
+}
+
 void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box,
                                   Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3, Register tmp4) {
   // Flag register, zero for success; non-zero for failure.
@@ -2355,7 +2378,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::float16_to_float(FloatRegister dst, Register src, Regist
   mv(t0, 0x7c00);
   andr(tmp, src, t0);
   // jump to stub processing NaN and Inf cases.
-  beq(t0, tmp, stub->entry(), true);
+  beq(t0, tmp, stub->entry(), /* is_far */ true);
 
   // non-NaN or non-Inf cases, just use built-in instructions.
   fmv_h_x(dst, src);
@@ -2387,7 +2410,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::float_to_float16(Register dst, FloatRegister src, FloatR
   // replace fclass with feq as performance optimization.
   feq_s(t0, src, src);
   // jump to stub processing NaN cases.
-  beqz(t0, stub->entry(), true);
+  beqz(t0, stub->entry(), /* is_far */ true);
 
   // non-NaN cases, just use built-in instructions.
   fcvt_h_s(ftmp, src);
@@ -2448,7 +2471,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::float16_to_float_v(VectorRegister dst, VectorRegister sr
   vfwcvt_f_f_v(dst, src);
 
   // jump to stub processing NaN and Inf cases if there is any of them in the vector-wide.
-  bnez(t0, stub->entry(), true);
+  bnez(t0, stub->entry(), /* is_far */ true);
 
   bind(stub->continuation());
 }
@@ -2541,7 +2564,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::float_to_float16_v(VectorRegister dst, VectorRegister sr
   vfncvt_f_f_w(dst, src);
 
   // jump to stub processing NaN cases.
-  bnez(t0, stub->entry(), true);
+  bnez(t0, stub->entry(), /* is_far */ true);
 
   bind(stub->continuation());
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.hpp
index d432e93b973..db80d048e92 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.hpp
@@ -49,6 +49,8 @@
                                   const int STUB_THRESHOLD, Label *STUB, Label *DONE);
 
  public:
+  void entry_barrier();
+
   // Code used by cmpFastLock and cmpFastUnlock mach instructions in .ad file.
   void fast_lock(Register object, Register box,
                  Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3, Register tmp4);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/continuationFreezeThaw_riscv.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/continuationFreezeThaw_riscv.inline.hpp
index 2c2cb03b59e..42c4c291fcf 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/continuationFreezeThaw_riscv.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/continuationFreezeThaw_riscv.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -74,7 +74,8 @@ inline frame FreezeBase::sender(const frame& f) {
     : frame(sender_sp, sender_sp, *link_addr, sender_pc);
 }
 
-template<typename FKind> frame FreezeBase::new_heap_frame(frame& f, frame& caller) {
+template<typename FKind>
+frame FreezeBase::new_heap_frame(frame& f, frame& caller, int size_adjust) {
   assert(FKind::is_instance(f), "");
   assert(!caller.is_interpreted_frame()
     || caller.unextended_sp() == (intptr_t*)caller.at(frame::interpreter_frame_last_sp_offset), "");
@@ -104,14 +105,14 @@ template<typename FKind> frame FreezeBase::new_heap_frame(frame& f, frame& calle
     fp = *(intptr_t**)(f.sp() - 2);
 
     int fsize = FKind::size(f);
-    sp = caller.unextended_sp() - fsize;
-    if (caller.is_interpreted_frame()) {
+    sp = caller.unextended_sp() - fsize - size_adjust;
+    if (caller.is_interpreted_frame() && size_adjust == 0) {
       // If the caller is interpreted, our stackargs are not supposed to overlap with it
       // so we make more room by moving sp down by argsize
       int argsize = FKind::stack_argsize(f);
       sp -= argsize;
+      caller.set_sp(sp + fsize);
     }
-    caller.set_sp(sp + fsize);
 
     assert(_cont.tail()->is_in_chunk(sp), "");
 
@@ -182,11 +183,12 @@ inline void FreezeBase::set_top_frame_metadata_pd(const frame& hf) {
                                        : (intptr_t)hf.fp();
 }
 
-inline void FreezeBase::patch_pd(frame& hf, const frame& caller) {
+inline void FreezeBase::patch_pd(frame& hf, const frame& caller, bool is_bottom_frame) {
   if (caller.is_interpreted_frame()) {
     assert(!caller.is_empty(), "");
     patch_callee_link_relative(caller, caller.fp());
-  } else {
+  } else if (is_bottom_frame && caller.pc() != nullptr) {
+    assert(caller.is_compiled_frame(), "");
     // If we're the bottom-most frame frozen in this freeze, the caller might have stayed frozen in the chunk,
     // and its oop-containing fp fixed. We've now just overwritten it, so we must patch it back to its value
     // as read from the chunk.
@@ -256,7 +258,8 @@ inline frame ThawBase::new_entry_frame() {
   return frame(sp, sp, _cont.entryFP(), _cont.entryPC());
 }
 
-template<typename FKind> frame ThawBase::new_stack_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, bool bottom) {
+template<typename FKind>
+frame ThawBase::new_stack_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, bool bottom, int size_adjust) {
   assert(FKind::is_instance(hf), "");
   // The values in the returned frame object will be written into the callee's stack in patch.
 
@@ -284,24 +287,23 @@ template<typename FKind> frame ThawBase::new_stack_frame(const frame& hf, frame&
     return f;
   } else {
     int fsize = FKind::size(hf);
-    intptr_t* frame_sp = caller.unextended_sp() - fsize;
+    intptr_t* frame_sp = caller.unextended_sp() - fsize - size_adjust;
     if (bottom || caller.is_interpreted_frame()) {
-      int argsize = FKind::stack_argsize(hf);
-
-      fsize += argsize;
-      frame_sp -= argsize;
-      caller.set_sp(caller.sp() - argsize);
-      assert(caller.sp() == frame_sp + (fsize-argsize), "");
-
+      if (size_adjust == 0) {
+        int argsize = FKind::stack_argsize(hf);
+        frame_sp -= argsize;
+      }
       frame_sp = align(hf, frame_sp, caller, bottom);
+      caller.set_sp(frame_sp + fsize + size_adjust);
     }
+    assert(is_aligned(frame_sp, frame::frame_alignment), "");
 
     assert(hf.cb() != nullptr, "");
     assert(hf.oop_map() != nullptr, "");
     intptr_t* fp;
     if (PreserveFramePointer) {
       // we need to recreate a "real" frame pointer, pointing into the stack
-      fp = frame_sp + FKind::size(hf) - frame::sender_sp_offset;
+      fp = frame_sp + fsize - frame::sender_sp_offset;
     } else {
       fp = FKind::stub || FKind::native
         // fp always points to the address above the pushed return pc. We need correct address.
@@ -319,16 +321,16 @@ inline intptr_t* ThawBase::align(const frame& hf, intptr_t* frame_sp, frame& cal
   if (((intptr_t)frame_sp & 0xf) != 0) {
     assert(caller.is_interpreted_frame() || (bottom && hf.compiled_frame_stack_argsize() % 2 != 0), "");
     frame_sp--;
-    caller.set_sp(caller.sp() - 1);
   }
   assert(is_aligned(frame_sp, frame::frame_alignment), "");
 #endif
-
   return frame_sp;
 }
 
 inline void ThawBase::patch_pd(frame& f, const frame& caller) {
-  patch_callee_link(caller, caller.fp());
+  if (caller.is_interpreted_frame() || PreserveFramePointer) {
+    patch_callee_link(caller, caller.fp());
+  }
 }
 
 inline void ThawBase::patch_pd(frame& f, intptr_t* caller_sp) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/foreignGlobals_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/foreignGlobals_riscv.cpp
index 339e205c48a..a56d16f6680 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/foreignGlobals_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/foreignGlobals_riscv.cpp
@@ -51,15 +51,15 @@ const ABIDescriptor ForeignGlobals::parse_abi_descriptor(jobject jabi) {
   oop abi_oop = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(jabi);
   ABIDescriptor abi;
 
-  objArrayOop inputStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::inputStorage(abi_oop);
+  refArrayOop inputStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::inputStorage(abi_oop);
   parse_register_array(inputStorage, StorageType::INTEGER, abi._integer_argument_registers, as_Register);
   parse_register_array(inputStorage, StorageType::FLOAT, abi._float_argument_registers, as_FloatRegister);
 
-  objArrayOop outputStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::outputStorage(abi_oop);
+  refArrayOop outputStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::outputStorage(abi_oop);
   parse_register_array(outputStorage, StorageType::INTEGER, abi._integer_return_registers, as_Register);
   parse_register_array(outputStorage, StorageType::FLOAT, abi._float_return_registers, as_FloatRegister);
 
-  objArrayOop volatileStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::volatileStorage(abi_oop);
+  refArrayOop volatileStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::volatileStorage(abi_oop);
   parse_register_array(volatileStorage, StorageType::INTEGER, abi._integer_additional_volatile_registers, as_Register);
   parse_register_array(volatileStorage, StorageType::FLOAT, abi._float_additional_volatile_registers, as_FloatRegister);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/frame_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/frame_riscv.cpp
index 19dbdd6aeae..bf659c6053a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/frame_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/frame_riscv.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2014, 2020, Red Hat Inc. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2020, 2023, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
@@ -620,6 +620,21 @@ frame::frame(void* ptr_sp, void* ptr_fp, void* pc) : _on_heap(false) {
 
 #endif
 
+// Check for a method with scalarized inline type arguments that needs
+// a stack repair and return the repaired sender stack pointer.
+
+intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(nmethod* nm, intptr_t* sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+bool frame::was_augmented_on_entry(int& real_size) const {
+  assert(is_compiled_frame(), "");
+  assert(!_cb->as_nmethod_or_null()->needs_stack_repair(), "unimplemented");
+  real_size = _cb->frame_size();
+  return false;
+}
+
 void JavaFrameAnchor::make_walkable() {
   // last frame set?
   if (last_Java_sp() == nullptr) { return; }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/frame_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/frame_riscv.hpp
index 5cf341aa21b..981501641a2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/frame_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/frame_riscv.hpp
@@ -182,6 +182,10 @@
   }
 
  public:
+  // Support for scalarized inline type calling convention
+  static intptr_t* repair_sender_sp(nmethod* nm, intptr_t* sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr);
+  bool was_augmented_on_entry(int& real_size) const;
+
   // Constructors
 
   frame(intptr_t* ptr_sp, intptr_t* ptr_fp, address pc);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
index 5ec01cfb4ab..bae1349ba14 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2020, 2024, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -137,6 +137,7 @@ void G1BarrierSetAssembler::gen_write_ref_array_post_barrier(MacroAssembler* mas
 
 static void generate_queue_test_and_insertion(MacroAssembler* masm, ByteSize index_offset, ByteSize buffer_offset, Label& runtime,
                                               const Register thread, const Register value, const Register tmp1, const Register tmp2) {
+  assert_different_registers(value, tmp1, tmp2);
   // Can we store a value in the given thread's buffer?
   // (The index field is typed as size_t.)
   __ ld(tmp1, Address(thread, in_bytes(index_offset)));   // tmp1 := *(index address)
@@ -175,7 +176,7 @@ static void generate_pre_barrier_slow_path(MacroAssembler* masm,
     __ load_heap_oop(pre_val, Address(obj, 0), noreg, noreg, AS_RAW);
   }
   // Is the previous value null?
-  __ beqz(pre_val, done, true);
+  __ beqz(pre_val, done, /* is_far */ true);
   generate_queue_test_and_insertion(masm,
                                     G1ThreadLocalData::satb_mark_queue_index_offset(),
                                     G1ThreadLocalData::satb_mark_queue_buffer_offset(),
@@ -213,6 +214,18 @@ void G1BarrierSetAssembler::g1_write_barrier_pre(MacroAssembler* masm,
 
   __ push_call_clobbered_registers();
 
+  // Calling the runtime using the regular call_VM_leaf mechanism generates
+  // code (generated by InterpreterMacroAssember::call_VM_leaf_base)
+  // that checks that the *(fp+frame::interpreter_frame_last_sp) == nullptr.
+  //
+  // If we care generating the pre-barrier without a frame (e.g. in the
+  // intrinsified Reference.get() routine) then fp might be pointing to
+  // the caller frame and so this check will most likely fail at runtime.
+  //
+  // Expanding the call directly bypasses the generation of the check.
+  // So when we do not have have a full interpreter frame on the stack
+  // expand_call should be passed true.
+
   if (expand_call) {
     assert(pre_val != c_rarg1, "smashed arg");
     __ super_call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, G1BarrierSetRuntime::write_ref_field_pre_entry), pre_val, thread);
@@ -300,7 +313,7 @@ void G1BarrierSetAssembler::g1_write_barrier_pre_c2(MacroAssembler* masm,
 
   generate_pre_barrier_fast_path(masm, thread, tmp1);
   // If marking is active (*(mark queue active address) != 0), jump to stub (slow path)
-  __ bnez(tmp1, *stub->entry(), true);
+  __ bnez(tmp1, *stub->entry(), /* is_far */ true);
 
   __ bind(*stub->continuation());
 }
@@ -363,6 +376,16 @@ void G1BarrierSetAssembler::load_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorator
 
 void G1BarrierSetAssembler::oop_store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators, BasicType type,
                                          Address dst, Register val, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3) {
+
+  bool in_heap = (decorators & IN_HEAP) != 0;
+  bool as_normal = (decorators & AS_NORMAL) != 0;
+  bool dest_uninitialized = (decorators & IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED) != 0;
+
+  bool needs_pre_barrier = as_normal && !dest_uninitialized;
+  bool needs_post_barrier = (val != noreg && in_heap);
+
+  assert_different_registers(val, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3);
+
   // flatten object address if needed
   if (dst.offset() == 0) {
     if (dst.base() != tmp3) {
@@ -372,31 +395,37 @@ void G1BarrierSetAssembler::oop_store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet deco
     __ la(tmp3, dst);
   }
 
-  g1_write_barrier_pre(masm,
-                       tmp3 /* obj */,
-                       tmp2 /* pre_val */,
-                       xthread /* thread */,
-                       tmp1 /* tmp1 */,
-                       t1 /* tmp2 */,
-                       val != noreg /* tosca_live */,
-                       false /* expand_call */);
+  if (needs_pre_barrier) {
+    g1_write_barrier_pre(masm,
+                         tmp3 /* obj */,
+                         tmp2 /* pre_val */,
+                         xthread /* thread */,
+                         tmp1 /* tmp1 */,
+                         t1 /* tmp2 */,
+                         val != noreg /* tosca_live */,
+                         false /* expand_call */);
+  }
 
   if (val == noreg) {
     BarrierSetAssembler::store_at(masm, decorators, type, Address(tmp3, 0), noreg, noreg, noreg, noreg);
   } else {
     // G1 barrier needs uncompressed oop for region cross check.
     Register new_val = val;
-    if (UseCompressedOops) {
-      new_val = t1;
-      __ mv(new_val, val);
+    if (needs_post_barrier) {
+      if (UseCompressedOops) {
+        new_val = t1;
+        __ mv(new_val, val);
+      }
     }
     BarrierSetAssembler::store_at(masm, decorators, type, Address(tmp3, 0), val, noreg, noreg, noreg);
-    g1_write_barrier_post(masm,
-                          tmp3 /* store_adr */,
-                          new_val /* new_val */,
-                          xthread /* thread */,
-                          tmp1 /* tmp1 */,
-                          tmp2 /* tmp2 */);
+    if (needs_post_barrier) {
+      g1_write_barrier_post(masm,
+                            tmp3 /* store_adr */,
+                            new_val /* new_val */,
+                            xthread /* thread */,
+                            tmp1 /* tmp1 */,
+                            tmp2 /* tmp2 */);
+    }
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/g1/g1_riscv.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/g1/g1_riscv.ad
index 8461a36e68c..8b34679c90f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/g1/g1_riscv.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/g1/g1_riscv.ad
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 //
-// Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 // Copyright (c) 2024, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 // DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 //
@@ -74,6 +74,126 @@ static void write_barrier_post(MacroAssembler* masm,
 
 %}
 
+
+// TODO 8350865 (same applies to g1StoreLSpecialTwoOops)
+// - Do not set/overwrite barrier data here, also handle G1C2BarrierPostNotNull
+
+instruct g1StoreLSpecialOneOopOff0(indirect mem, iRegLNoSp src, immI0 off, iRegPNoSp tmp1, iRegPNoSp tmp2, iRegPNoSp tmp3, rFlagsReg cr)
+%{
+  predicate(UseG1GC);
+  match(Set mem (StoreLSpecial mem (Binary src off)));
+  effect(TEMP tmp1, TEMP tmp2, TEMP tmp3, KILL cr);
+  ins_cost(STORE_COST);
+  format %{ "sd  $src, $mem\t# g1StoreLSpecialOneOopOff0" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    guarantee($mem$$disp == 0, "impossible encoding");
+    ((MachNode*)this)->set_barrier_data(G1C2BarrierPre | G1C2BarrierPost);
+
+    write_barrier_pre(masm, this,
+                      $mem$$Register /* obj */,
+                      $tmp1$$Register /* pre_val */,
+                      $tmp2$$Register /* tmp1 */,
+                      $tmp3$$Register /* tmp2 */,
+                      RegSet::of($mem$$Register, $src$$Register) /* preserve */);
+
+    __ sd($src$$Register, Address($mem$$Register));
+
+    // Extract the narrow oop field value
+    __ zext($tmp1$$Register, $src$$Register, 32);
+    __ decode_heap_oop($tmp1$$Register, $tmp1$$Register);
+    write_barrier_post(masm, this,
+                       $mem$$Register /* store_addr */,
+                       $tmp1$$Register /* new_val */,
+                       $tmp2$$Register /* tmp1 */,
+                       $tmp3$$Register /* tmp2 */);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(istore_reg_mem);
+%}
+
+instruct g1StoreLSpecialOneOopOff4(indirect mem, iRegLNoSp src, immI_4 off, iRegPNoSp tmp1, iRegPNoSp tmp2, iRegPNoSp tmp3, iRegPNoSp tmp4, rFlagsReg cr)
+%{
+  predicate(UseG1GC);
+  match(Set mem (StoreLSpecial mem (Binary src off)));
+  effect(TEMP tmp1, TEMP tmp2, TEMP tmp3, TEMP tmp4, KILL cr);
+  ins_cost(STORE_COST);
+  format %{ "sd  $src, $mem\t# g1StoreLSpecialOneOopOff4" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    guarantee($mem$$disp == 0, "impossible encoding");
+    ((MachNode*)this)->set_barrier_data(G1C2BarrierPre | G1C2BarrierPost);
+
+    // Adjust address to point to narrow oop
+    __ add($tmp4$$Register, $mem$$Register, 4);
+    write_barrier_pre(masm, this,
+                      $tmp4$$Register /* obj */,
+                      $tmp1$$Register /* pre_val */,
+                      $tmp2$$Register /* tmp1 */,
+                      $tmp3$$Register /* tmp2 */,
+                      RegSet::of($mem$$Register, $src$$Register, $tmp4$$Register) /* preserve */);
+
+    __ sd($src$$Register, Address($mem$$Register));
+
+    // Shift long value to extract the narrow oop field value and zero-extend it
+    __ srli($tmp1$$Register, $src$$Register, 32);
+    __ decode_heap_oop($tmp1$$Register, $tmp1$$Register);
+    write_barrier_post(masm, this,
+                       $tmp4$$Register /* store_addr */,
+                       $tmp1$$Register /* new_val */,
+                       $tmp2$$Register /* tmp1 */,
+                       $tmp3$$Register /* tmp2 */);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(istore_reg_mem);
+%}
+
+instruct g1StoreLSpecialTwoOops(indirect mem, iRegLNoSp src, iRegPNoSp tmp1, iRegPNoSp tmp2, iRegPNoSp tmp3, iRegPNoSp tmp4, rFlagsReg cr)
+%{
+  predicate(UseG1GC);
+  match(Set mem (StoreLSpecial mem src));
+  effect(TEMP tmp1, TEMP tmp2, TEMP tmp3, TEMP tmp4, KILL cr);
+  ins_cost(STORE_COST);
+  format %{ "sd  $src, $mem\t# g1StoreLSpecialTwoOops" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    guarantee($mem$$disp == 0, "impossible encoding");
+    ((MachNode*)this)->set_barrier_data(G1C2BarrierPre | G1C2BarrierPost);
+
+    write_barrier_pre(masm, this,
+                      $mem$$Register /* obj */,
+                      $tmp1$$Register /* pre_val */,
+                      $tmp2$$Register /* tmp1 */,
+                      $tmp3$$Register /* tmp2 */,
+                      RegSet::of($mem$$Register, $src$$Register) /* preserve */);
+    // Adjust address to point to the second narrow oop in the long value
+    __ add($tmp4$$Register, $mem$$Register, 4);
+    write_barrier_pre(masm, this,
+                      $tmp4$$Register /* obj */,
+                      $tmp1$$Register /* pre_val */,
+                      $tmp2$$Register /* tmp1 */,
+                      $tmp3$$Register /* tmp2 */,
+                      RegSet::of($mem$$Register, $src$$Register, $tmp4$$Register) /* preserve */);
+
+    __ sd($src$$Register, Address($mem$$Register));
+
+    // Zero-extend first narrow oop to long
+    __ zext($tmp1$$Register, $src$$Register, 32);
+    __ decode_heap_oop($tmp1$$Register, $tmp1$$Register);
+    write_barrier_post(masm, this,
+                       $mem$$Register /* store_addr */,
+                       $tmp1$$Register /* new_val */,
+                       $tmp2$$Register /* tmp1 */,
+                       $tmp3$$Register /* tmp2 */);
+
+    // Shift long value to extract the second narrow oop field value
+    __ srli($tmp1$$Register, $src$$Register, 32);
+    __ decode_heap_oop($tmp1$$Register, $tmp1$$Register);
+    write_barrier_post(masm, this,
+                       $tmp4$$Register /* store_addr */,
+                       $tmp1$$Register /* new_val */,
+                       $tmp2$$Register /* tmp1 */,
+                       $tmp3$$Register /* tmp2 */);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(istore_reg_mem);
+%}
+
+
 instruct g1StoreP(indirect mem, iRegP src, iRegPNoSp tmp1, iRegPNoSp tmp2, iRegPNoSp tmp3, rFlagsReg cr)
 %{
   predicate(UseG1GC && n->as_Store()->barrier_data() != 0);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
index f16b22e5575..809221d6637 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod.hpp"
+#include "gc/shared/barrierSetRuntime.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp"
 #include "interpreter/interp_masm.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
@@ -84,22 +85,35 @@ void BarrierSetAssembler::store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators
                                    Address dst, Register val, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3) {
   bool in_heap = (decorators & IN_HEAP) != 0;
   bool in_native = (decorators & IN_NATIVE) != 0;
+  bool is_not_null = (decorators & IS_NOT_NULL) != 0;
+
   switch (type) {
     case T_OBJECT: // fall through
     case T_ARRAY: {
-      val = val == noreg ? zr : val;
       if (in_heap) {
-        if (UseCompressedOops) {
-          assert(!dst.uses(val), "not enough registers");
-          if (val != zr) {
-            __ encode_heap_oop(val);
+        if (val == noreg) {
+          assert(!is_not_null, "inconsistent access");
+          if (UseCompressedOops) {
+            __ sw(zr, dst);
+          } else {
+            __ sd(zr, dst);
           }
-          __ sw(val, dst);
         } else {
-          __ sd(val, dst);
+          if (UseCompressedOops) {
+            assert(!dst.uses(val), "not enough registers");
+            if (is_not_null) {
+              __ encode_heap_oop_not_null(val);
+            } else {
+              __ encode_heap_oop(val);
+            }
+            __ sw(val, dst);
+          } else {
+            __ sd(val, dst);
+          }
         }
       } else {
         assert(in_native, "why else?");
+        assert(val != noreg, "not supported");
         __ sd(val, dst);
       }
       break;
@@ -121,6 +135,19 @@ void BarrierSetAssembler::store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators
 
 }
 
+void BarrierSetAssembler::flat_field_copy(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators,
+                                          Register src, Register dst, Register inline_layout_info) {
+  // flat_field_copy implementation is fairly complex, and there are not any
+  // "short-cuts" to be made from asm. What there is, appears to have the same
+  // cost in C++, so just "call_VM_leaf" for now rather than maintain hundreds
+  // of hand-rolled instructions...
+  if (decorators & IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED) {
+    __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, BarrierSetRuntime::value_copy_is_dest_uninitialized), src, dst, inline_layout_info);
+  } else {
+    __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, BarrierSetRuntime::value_copy), src, dst, inline_layout_info);
+  }
+}
+
 void BarrierSetAssembler::copy_load_at(MacroAssembler* masm,
                                        DecoratorSet decorators,
                                        BasicType type,
@@ -292,9 +319,9 @@ void BarrierSetAssembler::nmethod_entry_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm, Label* slo
 
   Label& barrier_target = slow_path == nullptr ? skip_barrier : *slow_path;
   if (slow_path == nullptr) {
-    __ beq(t0, t1, barrier_target, true /* is_far */);
+    __ beq(t0, t1, barrier_target, /* is_far */ true);
   } else {
-    __ bne(t0, t1, barrier_target, true /* is_far */);
+    __ bne(t0, t1, barrier_target, /* is_far */ true);
   }
 
   if (slow_path == nullptr) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_riscv.hpp
index 4a14fa65e78..e9f330b2f4e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_riscv.hpp
@@ -75,6 +75,9 @@ class BarrierSetAssembler: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   virtual void store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators, BasicType type,
                         Address dst, Register val, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3);
 
+  virtual void flat_field_copy(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators,
+                               Register src, Register dst, Register inline_layout_info);
+
   virtual void try_resolve_jobject_in_native(MacroAssembler* masm, Register jni_env,
                                              Register obj, Register tmp, Label& slowpath);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod_riscv.cpp
index ff15a0c6937..3fd8483ce13 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod_riscv.cpp
@@ -23,8 +23,10 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "asm/macroAssembler.hpp"
 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
 #include "code/nativeInst.hpp"
+#include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod.hpp"
 #include "logging/log.hpp"
@@ -53,69 +55,131 @@ static int entry_barrier_offset(nmethod* nm) {
   return 0;
 }
 
+static int* decode_guard_from_instruction(nmethod* nm, address& instruction) {
+  int* result = reinterpret_cast<int*>(MacroAssembler::target_addr_for_insn(instruction));
+  assert(nm->insts_contains(reinterpret_cast<address>(result)) ||
+         nm->stub_contains(reinterpret_cast<address>(result)),
+         "guard must be in nmethod code");
+  return result;
+}
+
+// The NativeNMethodBarrier class encapsulates up to three entrypoints and handles their
+// arming/verification.
+// An entrypoint is defined as a tuple of <instr. address, guard address>:
+// * The instr. address corresponds to the ldr of the guard value of that entrypoint.
+// * The guard address is the address where the guard value of that entrypoint resides.
+//
+// Each nmethod has at least one entrypoint. The default must always be well-defined
+// (neither instruction nor guard are nullptr).
+//
+// When using the scalarized calling convention, up to two additional (verified) entrypoints,
+// alt1 and alt2 can be present. The meaning of these depends on who compiled the nmethod.
+//
+// The mapping of C1-compiled methods (scalarization used) looks as follows:
+// * alt1: verified entry point
+// * alt2 (optional): verified inline ro entry point
+//
+// The mapping of C2-compiled methods (scalarization used) looks as follows:
+// * alt1: verified inline entry point
+// * alt2 (optional): verified inline ro entry point
+//
+// In other scenarios, neither alt1 nor alt2 are defined.
 class NativeNMethodBarrier {
-  address  _instruction_address;
-  int*     _guard_addr;
-  nmethod* _nm;
+ private:
+  // The addresses of the instructions that act as the guards.
+  address _default_entry_instruction;
+  address _verified_alt1_instruction;
+  address _verified_alt2_instruction;
+  // Pointers representing the actual guard values themselves.
+  int* _default_entry_guard;
+  int* _verified_alt1_guard;
+  int* _verified_alt2_guard;
+
+ public:
+  NativeNMethodBarrier(nmethod* nm) :
+    _default_entry_instruction(nullptr),
+    _verified_alt1_instruction(nullptr),
+    _verified_alt2_instruction(nullptr),
+    _default_entry_guard(nullptr),
+    _verified_alt1_guard(nullptr),
+    _verified_alt2_guard(nullptr)
+  {
+    // The default entry point has a known address. The guard address can be
+    // decoded from the literal in the instruction. Verification will confirm
+    // that this instruction corresponds to a load.
+    _default_entry_instruction = nm->code_begin() + nm->frame_complete_offset() + entry_barrier_offset(nm);
+
+    _default_entry_guard = decode_guard_from_instruction(nm, _default_entry_instruction);
 
-  address instruction_address() const { return _instruction_address; }
+    // If the nmethod has scalarized arguments, then there are more entry
+    // points, each with their own nmethod entry barrier.
+    assert(nm->is_osr_method() || !nm->method()->has_scalarized_args(), "unimplemented");
 
-  int *guard_addr() {
-    return _guard_addr;
+    // Perform the checking as verification.
+    err_msg msg("%s", "");
+    assert(check_barriers(msg), "%s", msg.buffer());
   }
 
-  int local_guard_offset(nmethod* nm) {
-    // It's the last instruction
-    return (-entry_barrier_offset(nm)) - 4;
+  // Gets the value of the default entry guard.
+  // This does not consider the alternative entrypoints, as these should
+  // all be consistent. It is up to the caller to enforce this.
+  int get_default_guard_value() {
+    return AtomicAccess::load_acquire(_default_entry_guard);
   }
 
-public:
-  NativeNMethodBarrier(nmethod* nm): _nm(nm) {
-    _instruction_address = nm->code_begin() + nm->frame_complete_offset() + entry_barrier_offset(nm);
-    if (nm->is_compiled_by_c2()) {
-      // With c2 compiled code, the guard is out-of-line in a stub
-      // We find it using the RelocIterator.
-      RelocIterator iter(nm);
-      while (iter.next()) {
-        if (iter.type() == relocInfo::entry_guard_type) {
-          entry_guard_Relocation* const reloc = iter.entry_guard_reloc();
-          _guard_addr = reinterpret_cast<int*>(reloc->addr());
-          return;
-        }
-      }
-
-      ShouldNotReachHere();
+  // Sets the value for all barriers.
+  void set_values(int value, int bit_mask) {
+    set_value_impl(_default_entry_guard, value, bit_mask);
+    if (_verified_alt1_guard != nullptr) {
+      set_value_impl(_verified_alt1_guard, value, bit_mask);
+    }
+    if (_verified_alt2_guard != nullptr) {
+      set_value_impl(_verified_alt2_guard, value, bit_mask);
     }
-    _guard_addr = reinterpret_cast<int*>(instruction_address() + local_guard_offset(nm));
-
-    // Perform the checking as verification.
-    err_msg msg("%s", "");
-    assert(check_barrier(msg), "%s", msg.buffer());
   }
 
-  int get_value() {
-    return AtomicAccess::load_acquire(guard_addr());
+  // Verifies that all potential barriers are correct.
+  bool check_barriers(err_msg& msg) {
+    // The default entry barrier should always be checked.
+    if (!check_barrier_impl(_default_entry_instruction, msg)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    // Check the alternative entry barriers only if they are specified.
+    // Note that the guard values are already validated at construction time,
+    // if they fall out of the nmethod range, this will be caught earlier.
+    if (_verified_alt1_instruction != nullptr &&
+        !check_barrier_impl(_verified_alt1_instruction, msg)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    if (_verified_alt2_instruction != nullptr &&
+        !check_barrier_impl(_verified_alt2_instruction, msg)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    return true;
   }
 
-  void set_value(int value, int bit_mask) {
+private:
+  // Sets the value for a single barrier.
+  void set_value_impl(int* guard, int value, int bit_mask) {
     if (bit_mask == ~0) {
-      AtomicAccess::release_store(guard_addr(), value);
+      AtomicAccess::release_store(guard, value);
       return;
     }
     assert((value & ~bit_mask) == 0, "trying to set bits outside the mask");
     value &= bit_mask;
-    int old_value = AtomicAccess::load(guard_addr());
+    int old_value = AtomicAccess::load(guard);
     while (true) {
       // Only bits in the mask are changed
       int new_value = value | (old_value & ~bit_mask);
       if (new_value == old_value) break;
-      int v = AtomicAccess::cmpxchg(guard_addr(), old_value, new_value, memory_order_release);
+      int v = AtomicAccess::cmpxchg(guard, old_value, new_value, memory_order_release);
       if (v == old_value) break;
       old_value = v;
     }
   }
 
-  bool check_barrier(err_msg& msg) const;
+  // Checks the validity of a single barrier.
+  bool check_barrier_impl(address& instruction, err_msg& msg) const;
 };
 
 // Store the instruction bitmask, bits and name for checking the barrier.
@@ -137,8 +201,8 @@ static const struct CheckInsn barrierInsn[] = {
 // The encodings must match the instructions emitted by
 // BarrierSetAssembler::nmethod_entry_barrier. The matching ignores the specific
 // register numbers and immediate values in the encoding.
-bool NativeNMethodBarrier::check_barrier(err_msg& msg) const {
-  address addr = instruction_address();
+bool NativeNMethodBarrier::check_barrier_impl(address& instruction, err_msg& msg) const {
+  address addr = instruction;
   for (unsigned int i = 0; i < sizeof(barrierInsn) / sizeof(struct CheckInsn); i++) {
     uint32_t inst = Assembler::ld_instr(addr);
     if ((inst & barrierInsn[i].mask) != barrierInsn[i].bits) {
@@ -208,7 +272,7 @@ void BarrierSetNMethod::set_guard_value(nmethod* nm, int value, int bit_mask) {
   }
 
   NativeNMethodBarrier barrier(nm);
-  barrier.set_value(value, bit_mask);
+  barrier.set_values(value, bit_mask);
 }
 
 int BarrierSetNMethod::guard_value(nmethod* nm) {
@@ -217,5 +281,5 @@ int BarrierSetNMethod::guard_value(nmethod* nm) {
   }
 
   NativeNMethodBarrier barrier(nm);
-  return barrier.get_value();
+  return barrier.get_default_guard_value();
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
index 2f8491dd592..143a7e76591 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ void ZBarrierSetAssembler::store_barrier_fast(MacroAssembler* masm,
       __ relocate(barrier_Relocation::spec(), [&] {
         __ li16u(rnew_zpointer, barrier_Relocation::unpatched);
       }, ZBarrierRelocationFormatStoreGoodBits);
-      __ bne(rtmp, rnew_zpointer, medium_path, true /* is_far */);
+      __ bne(rtmp, rnew_zpointer, medium_path, /* is_far */ true);
     } else {
       __ ld(rtmp, ref_addr);
       // Stores on relocatable objects never need to deal with raw null pointers in fields.
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ void ZBarrierSetAssembler::store_barrier_fast(MacroAssembler* masm,
         __ li16u(rnew_zpointer, barrier_Relocation::unpatched);
       }, ZBarrierRelocationFormatStoreBadMask);
       __ andr(rtmp, rtmp, rnew_zpointer);
-      __ bnez(rtmp, medium_path, true /* is_far */);
+      __ bnez(rtmp, medium_path, /* is_far */ true);
     }
     __ bind(medium_path_continuation);
     __ relocate(barrier_Relocation::spec(), [&] {
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ void ZBarrierSetAssembler::store_barrier_fast(MacroAssembler* masm,
     __ ld(rtmp, rtmp);
     __ ld(rnew_zpointer, Address(xthread, ZThreadLocalData::store_bad_mask_offset()));
     __ andr(rtmp, rtmp, rnew_zpointer);
-    __ bnez(rtmp, medium_path, true /* is_far */);
+    __ bnez(rtmp, medium_path, /* is_far */ true);
     __ bind(medium_path_continuation);
     if (rnew_zaddress == noreg) {
       __ mv(rnew_zpointer, zr);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp
index bc312bfc52c..6c7fcc144f4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp
@@ -76,6 +76,9 @@ define_pd_global(intx, InitArrayShortSize, BytesPerLong);
 
 define_pd_global(intx, InlineSmallCode,          1000);
 
+define_pd_global(bool, InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, false);
+define_pd_global(bool, InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, false);
+
 #define ARCH_FLAGS(develop,                                                      \
                    product,                                                      \
                    range,                                                        \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/interp_masm_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/interp_masm_riscv.cpp
index bb56acb3f38..802cf7eac67 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/interp_masm_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/interp_masm_riscv.cpp
@@ -32,9 +32,11 @@
 #include "interpreter/interpreterRuntime.hpp"
 #include "logging/log.hpp"
 #include "oops/arrayOop.hpp"
+#include "oops/constMethodFlags.hpp"
 #include "oops/markWord.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.hpp"
 #include "oops/methodData.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/resolvedFieldEntry.hpp"
 #include "oops/resolvedIndyEntry.hpp"
 #include "oops/resolvedMethodEntry.hpp"
@@ -239,12 +241,15 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::load_resolved_klass_at_offset(
 // Kills:
 //      x12
 void InterpreterMacroAssembler::gen_subtype_check(Register Rsub_klass,
-                                                  Label& ok_is_subtype) {
+                                                  Label& ok_is_subtype,
+                                                  bool profile) {
   assert(Rsub_klass != x10, "x10 holds superklass");
   assert(Rsub_klass != x12, "x12 holds 2ndary super array length");
 
   // Profile the not-null value's klass.
-  profile_typecheck(x12, Rsub_klass); // blows x12
+  if (profile) {
+    profile_typecheck(x12, Rsub_klass); // blows x12
+  }
 
   // Do the check.
   check_klass_subtype(Rsub_klass, x10, x12, ok_is_subtype); // blows x12
@@ -987,7 +992,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_taken_branch(Register mdp) {
   }
 }
 
-void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp) {
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp, bool acmp) {
   if (ProfileInterpreter) {
     Label profile_continue;
 
@@ -999,7 +1004,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp) {
 
     // The method data pointer needs to be updated to correspond to
     // the next bytecode
-    update_mdp_by_constant(mdp, in_bytes(BranchData::branch_data_size()));
+    update_mdp_by_constant(mdp, acmp ? in_bytes(ACmpData::acmp_data_size()) : in_bytes(BranchData::branch_data_size()));
     bind(profile_continue);
   }
 }
@@ -1186,6 +1191,120 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_switch_case(Register index,
   }
 }
 
+template <class ArrayData> void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_array_type(Register mdp,
+                                                                              Register array,
+                                                                              Register tmp) {
+  if (ProfileInterpreter) {
+    Label profile_continue;
+
+    // If no method data exists, go to profile_continue.
+    test_method_data_pointer(mdp, profile_continue);
+
+    mv(tmp, array);
+    profile_obj_type(tmp, Address(mdp, in_bytes(ArrayData::array_offset())), t1);
+
+    Label not_flat;
+    test_non_flat_array_oop(array, tmp, not_flat);
+
+    set_mdp_flag_at(mdp, ArrayData::flat_array_byte_constant());
+
+    bind(not_flat);
+
+    Label not_null_free;
+    test_non_null_free_array_oop(array, tmp, not_null_free);
+
+    set_mdp_flag_at(mdp, ArrayData::null_free_array_byte_constant());
+
+    bind(not_null_free);
+
+    bind(profile_continue);
+  }
+}
+
+template void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_array_type<ArrayLoadData>(Register mdp,
+                                                                           Register array,
+                                                                           Register tmp);
+template void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_array_type<ArrayStoreData>(Register mdp,
+                                                                            Register array,
+                                                                            Register tmp);
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_multiple_element_types(Register mdp, Register element, Register tmp, const Register tmp2) {
+  if (ProfileInterpreter) {
+    Label profile_continue;
+
+    // If no method data exists, go to profile_continue.
+    test_method_data_pointer(mdp, profile_continue);
+
+    Label done, update;
+    bnez(element, update);
+    set_mdp_flag_at(mdp, BitData::null_seen_byte_constant());
+    j(done);
+
+    bind(update);
+    load_klass(tmp, element);
+
+    // Record the object type.
+    profile_receiver_type(tmp, mdp, 0);
+
+    bind(done);
+
+    // The method data pointer needs to be updated.
+    update_mdp_by_constant(mdp, in_bytes(ArrayStoreData::array_store_data_size()));
+
+    bind(profile_continue);
+  }
+}
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_element_type(Register mdp,
+                                                     Register element,
+                                                     Register tmp) {
+  if (ProfileInterpreter) {
+    Label profile_continue;
+
+    // If no method data exists, go to profile_continue.
+    test_method_data_pointer(mdp, profile_continue);
+
+    mv(tmp, element);
+    profile_obj_type(tmp, Address(mdp, in_bytes(ArrayLoadData::element_offset())), t1);
+
+    // The method data pointer needs to be updated.
+    update_mdp_by_constant(mdp, in_bytes(ArrayLoadData::array_load_data_size()));
+
+    bind(profile_continue);
+  }
+}
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_acmp(Register mdp,
+                                             Register left,
+                                             Register right,
+                                             Register tmp) {
+  if (ProfileInterpreter) {
+    Label profile_continue;
+
+    // If no method data exists, go to profile_continue.
+    test_method_data_pointer(mdp, profile_continue);
+
+    mv(tmp, left);
+    profile_obj_type(tmp, Address(mdp, in_bytes(ACmpData::left_offset())), t1);
+
+    Label left_not_inline_type;
+    test_oop_is_not_inline_type(left, tmp, left_not_inline_type);
+    set_mdp_flag_at(mdp, ACmpData::left_inline_type_byte_constant());
+    bind(left_not_inline_type);
+
+    mv(tmp, right);
+    profile_obj_type(tmp, Address(mdp, in_bytes(ACmpData::right_offset())), t1);
+
+    Label right_not_inline_type;
+    test_oop_is_not_inline_type(right, tmp, right_not_inline_type);
+    set_mdp_flag_at(mdp, ACmpData::right_inline_type_byte_constant());
+    bind(right_not_inline_type);
+
+    bind(profile_continue);
+  }
+}
+
+
 void InterpreterMacroAssembler::notify_method_entry() {
   // Whenever JVMTI is interp_only_mode, method entry/exit events are sent to
   // track stack depth.  If it is possible to enter interp_only_mode we add
@@ -1600,7 +1719,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_arguments_type(Register mdp, Register ca
         // argument. tmp is the number of cells left in the
         // CallTypeData/VirtualCallTypeData to reach its end. Non null
         // if there's a return to profile.
-        assert(ReturnTypeEntry::static_cell_count() < TypeStackSlotEntries::per_arg_count(), "can't move past ret type");
+        assert(SingleTypeEntry::static_cell_count() < TypeStackSlotEntries::per_arg_count(), "can't move past ret type");
         shadd(mdp, tmp, mdp, tmp, exact_log2(DataLayout::cell_size));
       }
       sd(mdp, Address(fp, frame::interpreter_frame_mdp_offset * wordSize));
@@ -1645,7 +1764,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_return_type(Register mdp, Register ret,
       bind(do_profile);
     }
 
-    Address mdo_ret_addr(mdp, -in_bytes(ReturnTypeEntry::size()));
+    Address mdo_ret_addr(mdp, -in_bytes(SingleTypeEntry::size()));
     mv(tmp, ret);
     profile_obj_type(tmp, mdo_ret_addr, t1);
 
@@ -1747,6 +1866,39 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::get_method_counters(Register method,
   bind(has_counters);
 }
 
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::read_flat_field(Register entry, Register obj) {
+  call_VM(obj, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::read_flat_field), obj, entry);
+}
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::write_flat_field(Register entry, Register field_offset,
+                                                 Register tmp1, Register tmp2,
+                                                 Register obj) {
+  assert_different_registers(entry, field_offset, tmp1, tmp2, obj);
+  Label slow_path, done;
+
+  load_unsigned_byte(tmp1, Address(entry, in_bytes(ResolvedFieldEntry::flags_offset())));
+  test_field_is_not_null_free_inline_type(tmp1, tmp2, slow_path);
+
+  null_check(x10); // FIXME JDK-8341120
+
+  add(obj, obj, field_offset);
+
+  load_klass(tmp1, x10);
+  payload_address(x10, x10, tmp1);
+
+  Register layout_info = field_offset;
+  load_unsigned_short(tmp1, Address(entry, in_bytes(ResolvedFieldEntry::field_index_offset())));
+  ld(tmp2, Address(entry, in_bytes(ResolvedFieldEntry::field_holder_offset())));
+  inline_layout_info(tmp2, tmp1, layout_info);
+
+  flat_field_copy(IN_HEAP, x10, obj, layout_info);
+  j(done);
+
+  bind(slow_path);
+  call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::write_flat_field), obj, x10, entry);
+  bind(done);
+}
+
 void InterpreterMacroAssembler::load_method_entry(Register cache, Register index, int bcp_offset) {
   // Get index out of bytecode pointer
   get_cache_index_at_bcp(index, cache, bcp_offset, sizeof(u2));
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/interp_masm_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/interp_masm_riscv.hpp
index df86f0dc532..2b6115a9302 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/interp_masm_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/interp_masm_riscv.hpp
@@ -161,6 +161,17 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
   void get_cache_index_at_bcp(Register index, Register tmp, int bcp_offset, size_t index_size = sizeof(u2));
   void get_method_counters(Register method, Register mcs, Label& skip);
 
+  // Allocate instance in "obj" and read in the content of the inline field
+  // NOTES:
+  //   - input holder object via "obj", which must be x10,
+  //     will return new instance via the same reg
+  //   - assumes holder_klass and valueKlass field klass have both been resolved
+  void read_flat_field(Register entry, Register obj);
+
+  void write_flat_field(Register entry, Register field_offset,
+                        Register tmp1, Register tmp2,
+                        Register obj);
+
   // Load cpool->resolved_references(index).
   void load_resolved_reference_at_index(Register result, Register index, Register tmp = x15);
 
@@ -198,7 +209,7 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
 
   // Generate a subtype check: branch to ok_is_subtype if sub_klass is
   // a subtype of super_klass.
-  void gen_subtype_check( Register sub_klass, Label &ok_is_subtype );
+  void gen_subtype_check( Register sub_klass, Label &ok_is_subtype, bool profile = true);
 
   // Dispatching
   void dispatch_prolog(TosState state, int step = 0);
@@ -271,7 +282,7 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
   void narrow(Register result);
 
   void profile_taken_branch(Register mdp);
-  void profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp);
+  void profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp, bool acmp = false);
   void profile_call(Register mdp);
   void profile_final_call(Register mdp);
   void profile_virtual_call(Register receiver, Register mdp);
@@ -282,6 +293,10 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
   void profile_switch_default(Register mdp);
   void profile_switch_case(Register index_in_scratch, Register mdp,
                            Register temp);
+  template <class ArrayData> void profile_array_type(Register mdp, Register array, Register tmp);
+  void profile_multiple_element_types(Register mdp, Register element, Register tmp, Register tmp2);
+  void profile_element_type(Register mdp, Register element, Register tmp);
+  void profile_acmp(Register mdp, Register left, Register right, Register tmp);
 
   void profile_obj_type(Register obj, const Address& mdo_addr, Register tmp);
   void profile_arguments_type(Register mdp, Register callee, Register tmp, bool is_virtual);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/jniFastGetField_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/jniFastGetField_riscv.cpp
index b08e520393a..9755cb9ef16 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/jniFastGetField_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/jniFastGetField_riscv.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2004, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2014, 2020, Red Hat Inc. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2020, 2023, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "prims/jniFastGetField.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvm_misc.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
+#include "runtime/jfieldIDWorkaround.hpp"
 #include "runtime/safepoint.hpp"
 
 #define __ masm->
@@ -103,7 +104,7 @@ address JNI_FastGetField::generate_fast_get_int_field0(BasicType type) {
   assert_cond(bs != nullptr);
   bs->try_resolve_jobject_in_native(masm, c_rarg0, robj, t0, slow);
 
-  __ srli(roffset, c_rarg2, 2);                // offset
+  __ srli(roffset, c_rarg2, jfieldIDWorkaround::offset_shift); // offset
 
   assert(count < LIST_CAPACITY, "LIST_CAPACITY too small");
   speculative_load_pclist[count] = __ pc();   // Used by the segfault handler
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
index 7a339d83d25..116332c1add 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 
 #include "asm/assembler.hpp"
 #include "asm/assembler.inline.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "code/compiledIC.hpp"
 #include "compiler/disassembler.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
@@ -43,6 +44,7 @@
 #include "oops/compressedOops.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.hpp"
+#include "oops/resolvedFieldEntry.hpp"
 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
 #include "runtime/jniHandles.inline.hpp"
@@ -945,6 +947,10 @@ void MacroAssembler::call_VM_leaf(address entry_point, Register arg_0,
   call_VM_leaf_base(entry_point, 3);
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::super_call_VM_leaf(address entry_point) {
+  MacroAssembler::call_VM_leaf_base(entry_point, 1);
+}
+
 void MacroAssembler::super_call_VM_leaf(address entry_point, Register arg_0) {
   pass_arg0(this, arg_0);
   MacroAssembler::call_VM_leaf_base(entry_point, 1);
@@ -3595,6 +3601,46 @@ void MacroAssembler::mov_metadata(Register dst, Metadata* obj) {
   movptr(dst, Address((address)obj, rspec));
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::inline_layout_info(Register holder_klass, Register index, Register layout_info) {
+  assert_different_registers(holder_klass, index, layout_info);
+  InlineLayoutInfo array[2];
+  int size = (char*)&array[1] - (char*)&array[0]; // computing size of array elements
+  if (is_power_of_2(size)) {
+    slli(index, index, log2i_exact(size)); // Scale index by power of 2
+  } else {
+    mv(layout_info, size);
+    mul(index, index, layout_info); // Scale the index to be the entry index * array_element_size
+  }
+  ld(layout_info, Address(holder_klass, InstanceKlass::inline_layout_info_array_offset()));
+  add(layout_info, layout_info, Array<InlineLayoutInfo>::base_offset_in_bytes());
+  add(layout_info, layout_info, index);
+  la(layout_info, Address(layout_info));
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::flat_field_copy(DecoratorSet decorators, Register src, Register dst,
+                                     Register inline_layout_info) {
+  BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
+  bs->flat_field_copy(this, decorators, src, dst, inline_layout_info);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::payload_offset(Register inline_klass, Register offset) {
+  ld(offset, Address(inline_klass, InlineKlass::adr_members_offset()));
+  lwu(offset, Address(offset, InlineKlass::payload_offset_offset()));
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::payload_address(Register oop, Register data, Register inline_klass) {
+  assert_different_registers(data, t0);
+  // ((address) (void*) o) + vk->payload_offset();
+  Register offset = (data == oop) ? t0 : data;
+  payload_offset(inline_klass, offset);
+  if (data == oop) {
+    add(data, data, offset);
+  } else {
+    add(data, oop, offset);
+    la(data, Address(data));
+  }
+}
+
 // Writes to stack successive pages until offset reached to check for
 // stack overflow + shadow pages.  This clobbers tmp.
 void MacroAssembler::bang_stack_size(Register size, Register tmp) {
@@ -3680,6 +3726,84 @@ void MacroAssembler::null_check(Register reg, int offset) {
   }
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::test_field_is_null_free_inline_type(Register flags, Register temp_reg, Label& is_null_free_inline_type) {
+  test_bit(temp_reg, flags, ResolvedFieldEntry::is_null_free_inline_type_shift);
+  bnez(temp_reg, is_null_free_inline_type);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_field_is_not_null_free_inline_type(Register flags, Register temp_reg, Label& not_null_free_inline_type) {
+  test_bit(temp_reg, flags, ResolvedFieldEntry::is_null_free_inline_type_shift);
+  beqz(temp_reg, not_null_free_inline_type);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_field_is_flat(Register flags, Register temp_reg, Label& is_flat) {
+  test_bit(temp_reg, flags, ResolvedFieldEntry::is_flat_shift);
+  bnez(temp_reg, is_flat);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_markword_is_inline_type(Register markword, Label& is_inline_type) {
+  assert_different_registers(markword, t1);
+  mv(t1, markWord::inline_type_pattern_mask);
+  andr(markword, markword, t1);
+  mv(t1, markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+  beq(markword, t1, is_inline_type);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_oop_is_not_inline_type(Register object, Register tmp, Label& not_inline_type, bool can_be_null) {
+  assert_different_registers(tmp, t0);
+  if (can_be_null) {
+    beqz(object, not_inline_type);
+  }
+  const int is_inline_type_mask = markWord::inline_type_pattern;
+  ld(tmp, Address(object, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+  mv(t0, is_inline_type_mask);
+  andr(tmp, tmp, t0);
+  bne(tmp, t0, not_inline_type);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_oop_prototype_bit(Register oop, Register temp_reg, int32_t tst_bit, bool jmp_set, Label& jmp_label) {
+  assert_different_registers(temp_reg, t0);
+  // load mark word
+  ld(temp_reg, Address(oop, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+  if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
+    Label test_mark_word;
+    // check displaced
+    test_bit(t0, temp_reg, exact_log2(markWord::unlocked_value));
+    bnez(t0, test_mark_word);
+    // slow path use klass prototype
+    load_prototype_header(temp_reg, oop);
+
+    bind(test_mark_word);
+  }
+  andi(temp_reg, temp_reg, tst_bit);
+  if (jmp_set) {
+    bnez(temp_reg, jmp_label, /* is_far */ true);
+  } else {
+    beqz(temp_reg, jmp_label, /* is_far */ true);
+  }
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_flat_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_flat_array) {
+  test_oop_prototype_bit(oop, temp_reg, markWord::flat_array_bit_in_place, true, is_flat_array);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_null_free_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_null_free_array) {
+  test_oop_prototype_bit(oop, temp_reg, markWord::null_free_array_bit_in_place, true, is_null_free_array);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_non_flat_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label&is_non_flat_array) {
+  test_oop_prototype_bit(oop, temp_reg, markWord::flat_array_bit_in_place, false, is_non_flat_array);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_non_null_free_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label&is_non_null_free_array) {
+  test_oop_prototype_bit(oop, temp_reg, markWord::null_free_array_bit_in_place, false, is_non_null_free_array);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_flat_array_layout(Register lh, Label& is_flat_array) {
+  test_bit(t0, lh, exact_log2(Klass::_lh_array_tag_flat_value_bit_inplace));
+  bnez(t0, is_flat_array);
+}
+
 void MacroAssembler::access_store_at(BasicType type, DecoratorSet decorators,
                                      Address dst, Register val,
                                      Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3) {
@@ -3782,6 +3906,11 @@ void MacroAssembler::load_klass(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp) {
   decode_klass_not_null(dst, tmp);
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::load_prototype_header(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp) {
+  load_klass(dst, src, tmp);
+  ld(dst, Address(dst, Klass::prototype_header_offset()));
+}
+
 void MacroAssembler::store_klass(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp) {
   // FIXME: Should this be a store release? concurrent gcs assumes
   // klass length is valid if klass field is not null.
@@ -5246,6 +5375,8 @@ void MacroAssembler::get_thread(Register thread) {
 
 void MacroAssembler::load_byte_map_base(Register reg) {
   CardTableBarrierSet* ctbs = CardTableBarrierSet::barrier_set();
+  // Strictly speaking the card table base isn't an address at all, and it might
+  // even be negative. It is thus materialised as a constant.
   mv(reg, (uint64_t)ctbs->card_table_base_const());
 }
 
@@ -5266,6 +5397,74 @@ void MacroAssembler::remove_frame(int framesize) {
   add(sp, sp, framesize);
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::remove_frame(int initial_framesize, bool needs_stack_repair) {
+  assert(!needs_stack_repair, "unimplemented");
+  remove_frame(initial_framesize);
+}
+
+#ifdef COMPILER2
+// C2 compiled method's prolog code
+// Moved here from riscv.ad to support Valhalla code belows
+void MacroAssembler::verified_entry(Compile* C, int sp_inc) {
+  if (C->clinit_barrier_on_entry()) {
+    assert(!C->method()->holder()->is_not_initialized(), "initialization should have been started");
+
+    Label L_skip_barrier;
+
+    mov_metadata(t1, C->method()->holder()->constant_encoding());
+    clinit_barrier(t1, t0, &L_skip_barrier);
+    far_jump(RuntimeAddress(SharedRuntime::get_handle_wrong_method_stub()));
+    bind(L_skip_barrier);
+  }
+
+  int bangsize = C->output()->bang_size_in_bytes();
+  if (C->output()->need_stack_bang(bangsize)) {
+    generate_stack_overflow_check(bangsize);
+  }
+
+  // n.b. frame size includes space for return pc and fp
+  const long framesize = C->output()->frame_size_in_bytes();
+  build_frame(framesize);
+
+  assert(!C->needs_stack_repair(), "unimplemented");
+}
+#endif // COMPILER2
+
+// Move a value between registers/stack slots and update the reg_state
+bool MacroAssembler::move_helper(VMReg from, VMReg to, BasicType bt, RegState reg_state[]) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return false;
+}
+
+// Read all fields from an inline type oop and store the values in registers/stack slots
+bool MacroAssembler::unpack_inline_helper(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int& sig_index,
+                                          VMReg from, int& from_index, VMRegPair* to, int to_count, int& to_index,
+                                          RegState reg_state[]) {
+
+  Unimplemented();
+  return false;
+}
+
+// Pack fields back into an inline type oop
+bool MacroAssembler::pack_inline_helper(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int& sig_index, int vtarg_index,
+                                        VMRegPair* from, int from_count, int& from_index, VMReg to,
+                                        RegState reg_state[], Register val_array) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return false;
+}
+
+// Calculate the extra stack space required for packing or unpacking inline
+// args and adjust the stack pointer
+int MacroAssembler::extend_stack_for_inline_args(int args_on_stack) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return false;
+}
+
+VMReg MacroAssembler::spill_reg_for(VMReg reg) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return reg;
+}
+
 void MacroAssembler::reserved_stack_check() {
   // testing if reserved zone needs to be enabled
   Label no_reserved_zone_enabling;
@@ -5531,6 +5730,14 @@ void MacroAssembler::load_method_holder(Register holder, Register method) {
   ld(holder, Address(holder, ConstantPool::pool_holder_offset()));          // InstanceKlass*
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::load_metadata(Register dst, Register src) {
+  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+    load_narrow_klass_compact(dst, src);
+  } else {
+    lwu(dst, Address(src, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()));
+  }
+}
+
 // string indexof
 // compute index by trailing zeros
 void MacroAssembler::compute_index(Register haystack, Register trailing_zeros,
@@ -6857,6 +7064,8 @@ void MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register basic_lock, Register obj, Register tmp1,
   // Try to lock. Transition lock-bits 0b01 => 0b00
   assert(oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes() == 0, "required to avoid a la");
   ori(mark, mark, markWord::unlocked_value);
+  // Mask inline_type bit such that we go to the slow path if object is an inline type
+  andi(mark, mark, ~((int) markWord::inline_type_bit_in_place));
   xori(t, mark, markWord::unlocked_value);
   cmpxchg(/*addr*/ obj, /*expected*/ mark, /*new*/ t, Assembler::int64,
           /*acquire*/ Assembler::aq, /*release*/ Assembler::relaxed, /*result*/ t);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.hpp
index f28e828fb65..b7d493fe890 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.hpp
@@ -32,6 +32,9 @@
 #include "metaprogramming/enableIf.hpp"
 #include "oops/compressedOops.hpp"
 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
+#include "runtime/signature.hpp"
+
+class ciInlineKlass;
 
 // MacroAssembler extends Assembler by frequently used macros.
 //
@@ -138,6 +141,7 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
 
   // These always tightly bind to MacroAssembler::call_VM_base
   // bypassing the virtual implementation
+  void super_call_VM_leaf(address entry_point);
   void super_call_VM_leaf(address entry_point, Register arg_0);
   void super_call_VM_leaf(address entry_point, Register arg_0, Register arg_1);
   void super_call_VM_leaf(address entry_point, Register arg_0, Register arg_1, Register arg_2);
@@ -196,6 +200,7 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   void access_store_at(BasicType type, DecoratorSet decorators, Address dst,
                        Register val, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3);
   void load_klass(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp = t0);
+  void load_prototype_header(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp = t0);
   void load_narrow_klass_compact(Register dst, Register src);
   void load_narrow_klass(Register dst, Register src);
   void store_klass(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp = t0);
@@ -249,6 +254,29 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   static bool needs_explicit_null_check(intptr_t offset);
   static bool uses_implicit_null_check(void* address);
 
+  void test_field_is_null_free_inline_type(Register flags, Register temp_reg, Label& is_null_free);
+  void test_field_is_not_null_free_inline_type(Register flags, Register temp_reg, Label& not_null_free_inline_type);
+  void test_field_is_flat(Register flags, Register temp_reg, Label& is_flat);
+
+  void test_markword_is_inline_type(Register markword, Label& is_inline_type);
+  void test_oop_is_not_inline_type(Register object, Register tmp, Label& not_inline_type, bool can_be_null = true);
+  void test_oop_prototype_bit(Register oop, Register temp_reg, int32_t tst_bit, bool jmp_set, Label& jmp_label);
+  void test_flat_array_oop(Register klass, Register temp_reg, Label& is_flat_array);
+  void test_null_free_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_null_free_array);
+  void test_non_flat_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label&is_non_flat_array);
+  void test_non_null_free_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label&is_non_null_free_array);
+
+  // Check array klass layout helper for flat or null-free arrays...
+  void test_flat_array_layout(Register lh, Label& is_flat_array);
+
+  void inline_layout_info(Register holder_klass, Register index, Register layout_info);
+
+  void flat_field_copy(DecoratorSet decorators, Register src, Register dst, Register inline_layout_info);
+
+  // inline type data payload offsets...
+  void payload_offset(Register inline_klass, Register offset);
+  void payload_address(Register oop, Register data, Register inline_klass);
+
   // interface method calling
   void lookup_interface_method(Register recv_klass,
                                Register intf_klass,
@@ -291,6 +319,7 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   }
 
   // allocation
+
   void tlab_allocate(
     Register obj,                   // result: pointer to object after successful allocation
     Register var_size_in_bytes,     // object size in bytes if unknown at compile time; invalid otherwise
@@ -1279,6 +1308,8 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   void build_frame(int framesize);
   void remove_frame(int framesize);
 
+  void verified_entry(Compile* C, int sp_inc);
+
   void reserved_stack_check();
 
   void get_polling_page(Register dest, relocInfo::relocType rtype);
@@ -1351,6 +1382,7 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
 
   void load_method_holder_cld(Register result, Register method);
   void load_method_holder(Register holder, Register method);
+  void load_metadata(Register dst, Register src);
 
   void compute_index(Register str1, Register trailing_zeros, Register match_mask,
                      Register result, Register char_tmp, Register tmp,
@@ -1807,6 +1839,10 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   }
   static uint32_t get_membar_kind(address addr);
   static void set_membar_kind(address addr, uint32_t order_kind);
+
+ public:
+  // Inline type specific methods
+  #include "asm/macroAssembler_common.hpp"
 };
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/methodHandles_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/methodHandles_riscv.cpp
index e80dedf58ed..3f7f4a34f4a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/methodHandles_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/methodHandles_riscv.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2014, Red Hat Inc. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2020, 2023, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
@@ -166,7 +166,11 @@ void MethodHandles::jump_from_method_handle(MacroAssembler* _masm, Register meth
     __ BIND(run_compiled_code);
   }
 
-  const ByteSize entry_offset = for_compiler_entry ? Method::from_compiled_offset() :
+  // The following jump might pass an inline type argument that was erased to Object as oop to a
+  // callee that expects inline type arguments to be passed as fields. We need to call the compiled
+  // value entry (_code->inline_entry_point() or _adapter->c2i_inline_entry()) which will take care
+  // of translating between the calling conventions.
+  const ByteSize entry_offset = for_compiler_entry ? Method::from_compiled_inline_offset() :
                                                      Method::from_interpreted_offset();
   __ ld(t1, Address(method, entry_offset));
   __ jr(t1);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
index 714a00c1ce2..4743c027676 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
@@ -1229,6 +1229,9 @@ int MachCallRuntimeNode::ret_addr_offset() const {
   //   jalr(t1, offset)                                            ->  jalr
   if (CodeCache::contains(_entry_point)) {
     return 2 * NativeInstruction::instruction_size;
+  } else if (_entry_point == nullptr) {
+    // See CallLeafNoFPIndirect
+    return 1 * NativeInstruction::instruction_size;
   } else {
     return 8 * NativeInstruction::instruction_size;
   }
@@ -1276,6 +1279,11 @@ int CallLeafDirectVectorNode::compute_padding(int current_offset) const
   return align_up(current_offset, alignment_required()) - current_offset;
 }
 
+int CallLeafNoFPIndirectNode::compute_padding(int current_offset) const
+{
+  return align_up(current_offset, alignment_required()) - current_offset;
+}
+
 int CallLeafNoFPDirectNode::compute_padding(int current_offset) const
 {
   return align_up(current_offset, alignment_required()) - current_offset;
@@ -1382,53 +1390,21 @@ void MachPrologNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
   assert_cond(ra_ != nullptr);
   Compile* C = ra_->C;
 
-  // n.b. frame size includes space for return pc and fp
-  const int framesize = C->output()->frame_size_in_bytes();
-
-  assert_cond(C != nullptr);
-
-  if (C->clinit_barrier_on_entry()) {
-    assert(!C->method()->holder()->is_not_initialized(), "initialization should have been started");
-
-    Label L_skip_barrier;
-
-    __ mov_metadata(t1, C->method()->holder()->constant_encoding());
-    __ clinit_barrier(t1, t0, &L_skip_barrier);
-    __ far_jump(RuntimeAddress(SharedRuntime::get_handle_wrong_method_stub()));
-    __ bind(L_skip_barrier);
-  }
-
-  int bangsize = C->output()->bang_size_in_bytes();
-  if (C->output()->need_stack_bang(bangsize)) {
-    __ generate_stack_overflow_check(bangsize);
-  }
-
-  __ build_frame(framesize);
+  __ verified_entry(C, 0);
 
   if (VerifyStackAtCalls) {
+    // n.b. frame size includes space for return pc and fp
+    const long framesize = C->output()->frame_size_in_bytes();
     __ mv(t2, MAJIK_DWORD);
     __ sd(t2, Address(sp, framesize - 3 * wordSize));
   }
 
   if (C->stub_function() == nullptr) {
-    BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
-    // Dummy labels for just measuring the code size
-    Label dummy_slow_path;
-    Label dummy_continuation;
-    Label dummy_guard;
-    Label* slow_path = &dummy_slow_path;
-    Label* continuation = &dummy_continuation;
-    Label* guard = &dummy_guard;
-    if (!Compile::current()->output()->in_scratch_emit_size()) {
-      // Use real labels from actual stub when not emitting code for purpose of measuring its size
-      C2EntryBarrierStub* stub = new (Compile::current()->comp_arena()) C2EntryBarrierStub();
-      Compile::current()->output()->add_stub(stub);
-      slow_path = &stub->entry();
-      continuation = &stub->continuation();
-      guard = &stub->guard();
-    }
-    // In the C2 code, we move the non-hot part of nmethod entry barriers out-of-line to a stub.
-    bs->nmethod_entry_barrier(masm, slow_path, continuation, guard);
+    __ entry_barrier();
+  }
+
+  if (!Compile::current()->output()->in_scratch_emit_size()) {
+    __ bind(*_verified_entry);
   }
 
   C->output()->set_frame_complete(__ offset());
@@ -1441,13 +1417,6 @@ void MachPrologNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
   }
 }
 
-uint MachPrologNode::size(PhaseRegAlloc* ra_) const
-{
-  assert_cond(ra_ != nullptr);
-  return MachNode::size(ra_); // too many variables; just compute it
-                              // the hard way
-}
-
 int MachPrologNode::reloc() const
 {
   return 0;
@@ -1507,12 +1476,6 @@ void MachEpilogNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
   }
 }
 
-uint MachEpilogNode::size(PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
-  assert_cond(ra_ != nullptr);
-  // Variable size. Determine dynamically.
-  return MachNode::size(ra_);
-}
-
 int MachEpilogNode::reloc() const {
   // Return number of relocatable values contained in this instruction.
   return 1; // 1 for polling page.
@@ -1791,6 +1754,20 @@ uint BoxLockNode::size(PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
 
 //=============================================================================
 
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+void MachVEPNode::format(PhaseRegAlloc* ra_, outputStream* st) const
+{
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+#endif
+
+void MachVEPNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc* ra_) const
+{
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+//=============================================================================
+
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 void MachUEPNode::format(PhaseRegAlloc* ra_, outputStream* st) const
 {
@@ -1813,12 +1790,6 @@ void MachUEPNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler* masm, PhaseRegAlloc* ra_) const
   assert(((__ offset()) % CodeEntryAlignment) == 0, "Misaligned verified entry point");
 }
 
-uint MachUEPNode::size(PhaseRegAlloc* ra_) const
-{
-  assert_cond(ra_ != nullptr);
-  return MachNode::size(ra_);
-}
-
 // REQUIRED EMIT CODE
 
 //=============================================================================
@@ -2683,6 +2654,16 @@ operand immI_le_4()
   interface(CONST_INTER);
 %}
 
+operand immI_4()
+%{
+  predicate(n->get_int() == 4);
+  match(ConI);
+
+  op_cost(0);
+  format %{ %}
+  interface(CONST_INTER);
+%}
+
 operand immI_16()
 %{
   predicate(n->get_int() == 16);
@@ -8346,6 +8327,34 @@ instruct spin_wait() %{
 // ============================================================================
 // Cast Instructions (Java-level type cast)
 
+instruct castI2N(iRegNNoSp dst, iRegI src) %{
+  match(Set dst (CastI2N src));
+
+  ins_cost(ALU_COST);
+  format %{ "zext $dst, $src, 32\t# int -> narrow ptr" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ zext(as_Register($dst$$reg), as_Register($src$$reg), 32);
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(ialu_reg);
+%}
+
+instruct castN2X(iRegLNoSp dst, iRegN src) %{
+  match(Set dst (CastP2X src));
+
+  ins_cost(ALU_COST);
+  format %{ "mv $dst, $src\t# ptr -> long" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    if ($dst$$reg != $src$$reg) {
+      __ mv(as_Register($dst$$reg), as_Register($src$$reg));
+    }
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(ialu_reg);
+%}
+
 instruct castX2P(iRegPNoSp dst, iRegL src) %{
   match(Set dst (CastX2P src));
 
@@ -10982,8 +10991,31 @@ instruct CallLeafDirectVector(method meth)
 
 // Call Runtime Instruction
 
+// entry point is null, target holds the address to call
+instruct CallLeafNoFPIndirect(iRegP target)
+%{
+  predicate(n->as_Call()->entry_point() == nullptr);
+
+  match(CallLeafNoFP target);
+
+  ins_cost(BRANCH_COST);
+
+  format %{ "CALL, runtime leaf nofp indirect $target" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    Assembler::IncompressibleScope scope(masm); // Fixed length: see ret_addr_offset
+    __ jalr($target$$Register);
+    __ post_call_nop();
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_call);
+  ins_alignment(4);
+%}
+
 instruct CallLeafNoFPDirect(method meth)
 %{
+  predicate(n->as_Call()->entry_point() != nullptr);
+
   match(CallLeafNoFP);
 
   effect(USE meth);
@@ -11313,17 +11345,20 @@ instruct stringL_indexof_char(iRegP_R11 str1, iRegI_R12 cnt1, iRegI_R13 ch,
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_memory);
 %}
 
+// ============================================================================
 // clearing of an array
-instruct clearArray_reg_reg(iRegL_R29 cnt, iRegP_R28 base, iRegP_R30 tmp1,
-                            iRegP_R31 tmp2, rFlagsReg cr, Universe dummy)
+
+instruct clearArray_reg_reg_immL0(iRegL_R29 cnt, iRegP_R28 base, immL0 zero,
+                                  iRegP_R30 tmp1, iRegP_R31 tmp2, rFlagsReg cr,
+                                  Universe dummy)
 %{
   // temp registers must match the one used in StubGenerator::generate_zero_blocks()
   predicate(UseBlockZeroing || !UseRVV);
-  match(Set dummy (ClearArray cnt base));
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) zero));
   effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp1, TEMP tmp2, KILL cr);
 
   ins_cost(4 * DEFAULT_COST);
-  format %{ "ClearArray $cnt, $base\t#@clearArray_reg_reg" %}
+  format %{ "ClearArray $cnt, $base\t#@clearArray_reg_reg_immL0" %}
 
   ins_encode %{
     address tpc = __ zero_words($base$$Register, $cnt$$Register);
@@ -11336,11 +11371,32 @@ instruct clearArray_reg_reg(iRegL_R29 cnt, iRegP_R28 base, iRegP_R30 tmp1,
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_memory);
 %}
 
-instruct clearArray_imm_reg(immL cnt, iRegP_R28 base, Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
+instruct clearArray_reg_reg(iRegL_R29 cnt, iRegP_R28 base, iRegL val,
+                            iRegP_R30 tmp1, iRegP_R31 tmp2, rFlagsReg cr,
+                            Universe dummy)
+%{
+  // temp registers must match the one used in StubGenerator::generate_zero_blocks()
+  predicate(((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only());
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
+  effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp1, TEMP tmp2, KILL cr);
+
+  ins_cost(4 * DEFAULT_COST);
+  format %{ "ClearArray $cnt, $base, $val\t#@clearArray_reg_reg" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ fill_words($base$$Register, $cnt$$Register, $val$$Register);
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_memory);
+%}
+
+instruct clearArray_imm_reg(immL cnt, iRegP_R28 base, immL0 zero, Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
 %{
-  predicate(!UseRVV && (uint64_t)n->in(2)->get_long()
-            < (uint64_t)(BlockZeroingLowLimit >> LogBytesPerWord));
-  match(Set dummy (ClearArray cnt base));
+  predicate(!UseRVV
+            && (uint64_t)n->in(2)->in(1)->get_long()
+               < (uint64_t)(BlockZeroingLowLimit >> LogBytesPerWord)
+            && !((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only());
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) zero));
   effect(USE_KILL base, KILL cr);
 
   ins_cost(4 * DEFAULT_COST);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad
index 7b3d40cc636..07ce0f7885a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 //
-// Copyright (c) 2020, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 // Copyright (c) 2020, 2023, Arm Limited. All rights reserved.
 // Copyright (c) 2020, 2022, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 // Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Rivos Inc. All rights reserved.
@@ -4345,14 +4345,15 @@ instruct vstringL_indexof_char(iRegP_R11 str1, iRegI_R12 cnt1, iRegI_R13 ch,
 %}
 
 // clearing of an array
-instruct vclearArray_reg_reg(iRegL_R29 cnt, iRegP_R28 base, Universe dummy,
-                             vReg_V4 v4, vReg_V5 v5, vReg_V6 v6, vReg_V7 v7)
+instruct vclearArray_reg_reg(iRegL_R29 cnt, iRegP_R28 base, immL0 zero,
+                             vReg_V4 v4, vReg_V5 v5, vReg_V6 v6, vReg_V7 v7,
+                             Universe dummy)
 %{
   predicate(!UseBlockZeroing && UseRVV);
-  match(Set dummy (ClearArray cnt base));
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) zero));
   effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP v4, TEMP v5, TEMP v6, TEMP v7);
 
-  format %{ "ClearArray $cnt, $base\t#@clearArray_reg_reg" %}
+  format %{ "ClearArray $cnt, $base\t#@vclearArray_reg_reg" %}
 
   ins_encode %{
     __ clear_array_v($base$$Register, $cnt$$Register);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/sharedRuntime_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/sharedRuntime_riscv.cpp
index 9ad6663d0fa..eee5184dfca 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/sharedRuntime_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/sharedRuntime_riscv.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 
 #include "asm/macroAssembler.hpp"
 #include "asm/macroAssembler.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
 #include "code/compiledIC.hpp"
 #include "code/debugInfoRec.hpp"
 #include "code/vtableStubs.hpp"
@@ -309,6 +310,90 @@ int SharedRuntime::java_calling_convention(const BasicType *sig_bt,
   return stk_args;
 }
 
+const uint SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_int = Argument::n_int_register_parameters_j;
+const uint SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_float = Argument::n_float_register_parameters_j;
+
+int SharedRuntime::java_return_convention(const BasicType *sig_bt,
+                                          VMRegPair *regs,
+                                          int total_args_passed) {
+  // Create the mapping between argument positions and registers.
+
+  static const Register INT_ArgReg[java_return_convention_max_int] = {
+    x10 /* j_rarg7 */, j_rarg6, j_rarg5, j_rarg4, j_rarg3, j_rarg2, j_rarg1, j_rarg0
+  };
+
+  static const FloatRegister FP_ArgReg[java_return_convention_max_float] = {
+    j_farg0, j_farg1, j_farg2, j_farg3, j_farg4, j_farg5, j_farg6, j_farg7
+  };
+
+  uint int_args = 0;
+  uint fp_args = 0;
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < total_args_passed; i++) {
+    switch (sig_bt[i]) {
+    case T_BOOLEAN:
+    case T_CHAR:
+    case T_BYTE:
+    case T_SHORT:
+    case T_INT:
+      if (int_args < SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_int) {
+        regs[i].set1(INT_ArgReg[int_args]->as_VMReg());
+        int_args ++;
+      } else {
+        return -1;
+      }
+      break;
+    case T_VOID:
+      // halves of T_LONG or T_DOUBLE
+      assert(i != 0 && (sig_bt[i - 1] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i - 1] == T_DOUBLE), "expecting half");
+      regs[i].set_bad();
+      break;
+    case T_LONG:
+      assert((i + 1) < total_args_passed && sig_bt[i + 1] == T_VOID, "expecting half");
+      // fall through
+    case T_OBJECT:
+    case T_ARRAY:
+    case T_ADDRESS:
+      // Should T_METADATA be added to java_calling_convention as well ?
+    case T_METADATA:
+      if (int_args < SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_int) {
+        regs[i].set2(INT_ArgReg[int_args]->as_VMReg());
+        int_args ++;
+      } else {
+        return -1;
+      }
+      break;
+    case T_FLOAT:
+      if (fp_args < SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_float) {
+        regs[i].set1(FP_ArgReg[fp_args]->as_VMReg());
+        fp_args ++;
+      } else {
+        return -1;
+      }
+      break;
+    case T_DOUBLE:
+      assert((i + 1) < total_args_passed && sig_bt[i + 1] == T_VOID, "expecting half");
+      if (fp_args < SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_float) {
+        regs[i].set2(FP_ArgReg[fp_args]->as_VMReg());
+        fp_args ++;
+      } else {
+        return -1;
+      }
+      break;
+    default:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return int_args + fp_args;
+}
+
+BufferedInlineTypeBlob* SharedRuntime::generate_buffered_inline_type_adapter(const InlineKlass* vk) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
 // Patch the callers callsite with entry to compiled code if it exists.
 static void patch_callers_callsite(MacroAssembler *masm) {
   Label L;
@@ -337,12 +422,103 @@ static void patch_callers_callsite(MacroAssembler *masm) {
   __ bind(L);
 }
 
+// For each inline type argument, sig includes the list of fields of
+// the inline type. This utility function computes the number of
+// arguments for the call if inline types are passed by reference (the
+// calling convention the interpreter expects).
+static int compute_total_args_passed_int(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_extended) {
+  int total_args_passed = 0;
+  assert(!InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, "");
+  total_args_passed = sig_extended->length();
+  return total_args_passed;
+}
+
+static void gen_c2i_adapter_helper(MacroAssembler* masm,
+                                   BasicType bt,
+                                   BasicType prev_bt,
+                                   size_t size_in_bytes,
+                                   const VMRegPair& reg_pair,
+                                   const Address& to,
+                                   int extraspace) {
+  if (bt == T_VOID) {
+    assert(prev_bt == T_LONG || prev_bt == T_DOUBLE, "missing half");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Say 4 args:
+  // i   st_off
+  // 0   32 T_LONG
+  // 1   24 T_VOID
+  // 2   16 T_OBJECT
+  // 3    8 T_BOOL
+  // -    0 return address
+  //
+  // However to make thing extra confusing. Because we can fit a Java long/double in
+  // a single slot on a 64 bit vm and it would be silly to break them up, the interpreter
+  // leaves one slot empty and only stores to a single slot. In this case the
+  // slot that is occupied is the T_VOID slot. See I said it was confusing.
+
+  bool wide = (size_in_bytes == wordSize);
+
+  VMReg r_1 = reg_pair.first();
+  VMReg r_2 = reg_pair.second();
+  assert(r_2->is_valid() == wide, "invalid size");
+  if (!r_1->is_valid()) {
+    assert(!r_2->is_valid(), "");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (!r_1->is_FloatRegister()) {
+    Register val = t1;
+    if (r_1->is_stack()) {
+      int ld_off = r_1->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size + extraspace;
+      __ load_sized_value(val, Address(sp, ld_off), size_in_bytes, /* is_signed */ false);
+    } else {
+      val = r_1->as_Register();
+    }
+    __ store_sized_value(to, val, size_in_bytes);
+  } else {
+    if (wide) {
+      __ fsd(r_1->as_FloatRegister(), to);
+    } else {
+      // only a float use just part of the slot
+      __ fsw(r_1->as_FloatRegister(), to);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 static void gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
-                            int total_args_passed,
-                            int comp_args_on_stack,
-                            const BasicType *sig_bt,
+                            const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_extended,
                             const VMRegPair *regs,
-                            Label& skip_fixup) {
+                            bool requires_clinit_barrier,
+                            address& c2i_no_clinit_check_entry,
+                            Label& skip_fixup,
+                            address start,
+                            OopMapSet* oop_maps,
+                            int& frame_complete,
+                            int& frame_size_in_words,
+                            bool alloc_inline_receiver) {
+  if (requires_clinit_barrier) {
+    assert(VM_Version::supports_fast_class_init_checks(), "sanity");
+    Label L_skip_barrier;
+
+    { // Bypass the barrier for non-static methods
+      __ lhu(t0, Address(xmethod, Method::access_flags_offset()));
+      __ test_bit(t0, t0, exact_log2(JVM_ACC_STATIC));
+      __ beqz(t0, L_skip_barrier); // non-static
+    }
+
+    __ load_method_holder(t1, xmethod);
+    __ clinit_barrier(t1, t0, &L_skip_barrier);
+    __ far_jump(RuntimeAddress(SharedRuntime::get_handle_wrong_method_stub()));
+
+    __ bind(L_skip_barrier);
+    c2i_no_clinit_check_entry = __ pc();
+  }
+
+  BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
+  bs->c2i_entry_barrier(masm);
+
   // Before we get into the guts of the C2I adapter, see if we should be here
   // at all.  We've come from compiled code and are attempting to jump to the
   // interpreter, which means the caller made a static call to get here
@@ -352,112 +528,56 @@ static void gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
 
   __ bind(skip_fixup);
 
-  int words_pushed = 0;
-
   // Since all args are passed on the stack, total_args_passed *
   // Interpreter::stackElementSize is the space we need.
 
+  int total_args_passed = compute_total_args_passed_int(sig_extended);
   int extraspace = total_args_passed * Interpreter::stackElementSize;
 
   __ mv(x19_sender_sp, sp);
 
   // stack is aligned, keep it that way
-  extraspace = align_up(extraspace, 2 * wordSize);
+  extraspace = align_up(extraspace, StackAlignmentInBytes);
 
   if (extraspace) {
     __ sub(sp, sp, extraspace);
   }
 
   // Now write the args into the outgoing interpreter space
-  for (int i = 0; i < total_args_passed; i++) {
-    if (sig_bt[i] == T_VOID) {
-      assert(i > 0 && (sig_bt[i - 1] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i - 1] == T_DOUBLE), "missing half");
-      continue;
-    }
 
-    // offset to start parameters
-    int st_off   = (total_args_passed - i - 1) * Interpreter::stackElementSize;
+  // next_arg_comp is the next argument from the compiler point of
+  // view (inline type fields are passed in registers/on the stack). In
+  // sig_extended, an inline type argument starts with: T_METADATA,
+  // followed by the types of the fields of the inline type and T_VOID
+  // to mark the end of the inline type. ignored counts the number of
+  // T_METADATA/T_VOID. next_vt_arg is the next inline type argument:
+  // used to get the buffer for that argument from the pool of buffers
+  // we allocated above and want to pass to the
+  // interpreter. next_arg_int is the next argument from the
+  // interpreter point of view (inline types are passed by reference).
+  for (int next_arg_comp = 0, ignored = 0, next_vt_arg = 0, next_arg_int = 0;
+       next_arg_comp < sig_extended->length(); next_arg_comp++) {
+    assert(ignored <= next_arg_comp, "shouldn't skip over more slots than there are arguments");
+    assert(next_arg_int <= total_args_passed, "more arguments for the interpreter than expected?");
+    BasicType bt = sig_extended->at(next_arg_comp)._bt;
+    assert(!InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, "");
+
+    int st_off = (total_args_passed - next_arg_int - 1) * Interpreter::stackElementSize;
     int next_off = st_off - Interpreter::stackElementSize;
+    const int offset = (bt == T_LONG || bt == T_DOUBLE) ? next_off : st_off;
+    const VMRegPair reg_pair = regs[next_arg_comp-ignored];
+    size_t size_in_bytes = reg_pair.second()->is_valid() ? 8 : 4;
+    gen_c2i_adapter_helper(masm, bt, next_arg_comp > 0 ? sig_extended->at(next_arg_comp - 1)._bt : T_ILLEGAL,
+                           size_in_bytes, reg_pair, Address(sp, offset), extraspace);
+    next_arg_int++;
 
-    // Say 4 args:
-    // i   st_off
-    // 0   32 T_LONG
-    // 1   24 T_VOID
-    // 2   16 T_OBJECT
-    // 3    8 T_BOOL
-    // -    0 return address
-    //
-    // However to make thing extra confusing. Because we can fit a Java long/double in
-    // a single slot on a 64 bt vm and it would be silly to break them up, the interpreter
-    // leaves one slot empty and only stores to a single slot. In this case the
-    // slot that is occupied is the T_VOID slot. See I said it was confusing.
-
-    VMReg r_1 = regs[i].first();
-    VMReg r_2 = regs[i].second();
-    if (!r_1->is_valid()) {
-      assert(!r_2->is_valid(), "");
-      continue;
-    }
-    if (r_1->is_stack()) {
-      // memory to memory use t0
-      int ld_off = (r_1->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size
-                    + extraspace
-                    + words_pushed * wordSize);
-      if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
-        __ lwu(t0, Address(sp, ld_off));
-        __ sd(t0, Address(sp, st_off), /*temp register*/esp);
-      } else {
-        __ ld(t0, Address(sp, ld_off), /*temp register*/esp);
-
-        // Two VMREgs|OptoRegs can be T_OBJECT, T_ADDRESS, T_DOUBLE, T_LONG
-        // T_DOUBLE and T_LONG use two slots in the interpreter
-        if (sig_bt[i] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i] == T_DOUBLE) {
-          // ld_off == LSW, ld_off+wordSize == MSW
-          // st_off == MSW, next_off == LSW
-          __ sd(t0, Address(sp, next_off), /*temp register*/esp);
-#ifdef ASSERT
-          // Overwrite the unused slot with known junk
-          __ mv(t0, 0xdeadffffdeadaaaaul);
-          __ sd(t0, Address(sp, st_off), /*temp register*/esp);
-#endif /* ASSERT */
-        } else {
-          __ sd(t0, Address(sp, st_off), /*temp register*/esp);
-        }
-      }
-    } else if (r_1->is_Register()) {
-      Register r = r_1->as_Register();
-      if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
-        // must be only an int (or less ) so move only 32bits to slot
-        __ sd(r, Address(sp, st_off));
-      } else {
-        // Two VMREgs|OptoRegs can be T_OBJECT, T_ADDRESS, T_DOUBLE, T_LONG
-        // T_DOUBLE and T_LONG use two slots in the interpreter
-        if ( sig_bt[i] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i] == T_DOUBLE) {
-          // long/double in gpr
-#ifdef ASSERT
-          // Overwrite the unused slot with known junk
-          __ mv(t0, 0xdeadffffdeadaaabul);
-          __ sd(t0, Address(sp, st_off), /*temp register*/esp);
-#endif /* ASSERT */
-          __ sd(r, Address(sp, next_off));
-        } else {
-          __ sd(r, Address(sp, st_off));
-        }
-      }
-    } else {
-      assert(r_1->is_FloatRegister(), "");
-      if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
-        // only a float use just part of the slot
-        __ fsw(r_1->as_FloatRegister(), Address(sp, st_off));
-      } else {
 #ifdef ASSERT
-        // Overwrite the unused slot with known junk
-        __ mv(t0, 0xdeadffffdeadaaacul);
-        __ sd(t0, Address(sp, st_off), /*temp register*/esp);
-#endif /* ASSERT */
-        __ fsd(r_1->as_FloatRegister(), Address(sp, next_off));
-      }
+    if (bt == T_LONG || bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+      // Overwrite the unused slot with known junk
+      __ mv(t0, CONST64(0xdeadffffdeadaaaa));
+      __ sd(t0, Address(sp, st_off));
     }
+#endif /* ASSERT */
   }
 
   __ mv(esp, sp); // Interp expects args on caller's expression stack
@@ -467,9 +587,8 @@ static void gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
 }
 
 void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
-                                    int total_args_passed,
                                     int comp_args_on_stack,
-                                    const BasicType *sig_bt,
+                                    const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig,
                                     const VMRegPair *regs) {
   // Note: x19_sender_sp contains the senderSP on entry. We must
   // preserve it since we may do a i2c -> c2i transition if we lose a
@@ -477,20 +596,24 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
   // ready.
 
   // Cut-out for having no stack args.
-  int comp_words_on_stack = align_up(comp_args_on_stack * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size, wordSize) >> LogBytesPerWord;
+  int comp_words_on_stack = 0;
   if (comp_args_on_stack != 0) {
+    comp_words_on_stack = align_up(comp_args_on_stack * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size, wordSize) >> LogBytesPerWord;
     __ sub(t0, sp, comp_words_on_stack * wordSize);
     __ andi(sp, t0, -16);
   }
 
   // Will jump to the compiled code just as if compiled code was doing it.
   // Pre-load the register-jump target early, to schedule it better.
-  __ ld(t1, Address(xmethod, in_bytes(Method::from_compiled_offset())));
+  __ ld(t1, Address(xmethod, in_bytes(Method::from_compiled_inline_offset())));
+
+  int total_args_passed = sig->length();
 
   // Now generate the shuffle code.
   for (int i = 0; i < total_args_passed; i++) {
-    if (sig_bt[i] == T_VOID) {
-      assert(i > 0 && (sig_bt[i - 1] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i - 1] == T_DOUBLE), "missing half");
+    BasicType bt = sig->at(i)._bt;
+    if (bt == T_VOID) {
+      assert(i > 0 && (sig->at(i - 1)._bt == T_LONG || sig->at(i - 1)._bt == T_DOUBLE), "missing half");
       continue;
     }
 
@@ -527,8 +650,7 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
         // are accessed as negative so LSW is at LOW address
 
         // ld_off is MSW so get LSW
-        const int offset = (sig_bt[i] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i] == T_DOUBLE) ?
-                           next_off : ld_off;
+        const int offset = (bt == T_LONG || bt == T_DOUBLE) ? next_off : ld_off;
         __ ld(t0, Address(esp, offset));
         // st_off is LSW (i.e. reg.first())
         __ sd(t0, Address(sp, st_off), /*temp register*/t2);
@@ -543,8 +665,7 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
         // So we must adjust where to pick up the data to match the
         // interpreter.
 
-        const int offset = (sig_bt[i] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i] == T_DOUBLE) ?
-                           next_off : ld_off;
+        const int offset = (bt == T_LONG || bt == T_DOUBLE) ? next_off : ld_off;
 
         // this can be a misaligned move
         __ ld(r, Address(esp, offset));
@@ -578,22 +699,36 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
   __ jr(t1);
 }
 
+static void gen_inline_cache_check(MacroAssembler *masm, Label& skip_fixup) {
+  Register data = t0;
+
+  __ ic_check();
+  __ ld(xmethod, Address(data, CompiledICData::speculated_method_offset()));
+
+  // Method might have been compiled since the call site was patched to
+  // interpreted; if that is the case treat it as a miss so we can get
+  // the call site corrected.
+  __ ld(t0, Address(xmethod, in_bytes(Method::code_offset())));
+  __ beqz(t0, skip_fixup);
+  __ far_jump(RuntimeAddress(SharedRuntime::get_ic_miss_stub()));
+}
+
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------
 
-void SharedRuntime::generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler *masm,
-                                            int total_args_passed,
+void SharedRuntime::generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler* masm,
                                             int comp_args_on_stack,
-                                            const BasicType *sig_bt,
-                                            const VMRegPair *regs,
-                                            address entry_address[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT]) {
-  entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C] = __ pc();
-  gen_i2c_adapter(masm, total_args_passed, comp_args_on_stack, sig_bt, regs);
-
-  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified] = __ pc();
-  Label skip_fixup;
+                                            const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig,
+                                            const VMRegPair* regs,
+                                            const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_cc,
+                                            const VMRegPair* regs_cc,
+                                            const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_cc_ro,
+                                            const VMRegPair* regs_cc_ro,
+                                            address entry_address[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT],
+                                            AdapterBlob*& new_adapter,
+                                            bool allocate_code_blob) {
 
-  const Register receiver = j_rarg0;
-  const Register data = t0;
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C] = __ pc();
+  gen_i2c_adapter(masm, comp_args_on_stack, sig, regs);
 
   // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
   // Generate a C2I adapter.  On entry we know xmethod holds the Method* during calls
@@ -603,43 +738,52 @@ void SharedRuntime::generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler *masm,
   // the args.  We  finally end in a jump to the generic interpreter entry point.
   // On exit from the interpreter, the interpreter will restore our SP (lest the
   // compiled code, which relies solely on SP and not FP, get sick).
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified] = __ pc();
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified_Inline] = __ pc();
 
-  {
-    __ block_comment("c2i_unverified_entry {");
-
-    __ ic_check();
-    __ ld(xmethod, Address(data, CompiledICData::speculated_method_offset()));
-
-    __ ld(t0, Address(xmethod, in_bytes(Method::code_offset())));
-    __ beqz(t0, skip_fixup);
-    __ far_jump(RuntimeAddress(SharedRuntime::get_ic_miss_stub()));
-    __ block_comment("} c2i_unverified_entry");
-  }
+  Label skip_fixup;
+  gen_inline_cache_check(masm, skip_fixup);
 
-  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I] = __ pc();
+  OopMapSet* oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+  int frame_complete = CodeOffsets::frame_never_safe;
+  int frame_size_in_words = 0;
 
-  // Class initialization barrier for static methods
+  // Scalarized c2i adapter with non-scalarized receiver (i.e., don't pack receiver)
   entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check] = nullptr;
-  assert(VM_Version::supports_fast_class_init_checks(), "sanity");
-  Label L_skip_barrier;
-
-  // Bypass the barrier for non-static methods
-  __ load_unsigned_short(t0, Address(xmethod, Method::access_flags_offset()));
-  __ test_bit(t1, t0, exact_log2(JVM_ACC_STATIC));
-  __ beqz(t1, L_skip_barrier); // non-static
-
-  __ load_method_holder(t1, xmethod);
-  __ clinit_barrier(t1, t0, &L_skip_barrier);
-  __ far_jump(RuntimeAddress(SharedRuntime::get_handle_wrong_method_stub()));
-
-  __ bind(L_skip_barrier);
-  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check] = __ pc();
-
-  BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
-  bs->c2i_entry_barrier(masm);
-
-  gen_c2i_adapter(masm, total_args_passed, comp_args_on_stack, sig_bt, regs, skip_fixup);
-  return;
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Inline_RO] = __ pc();
+  if (regs_cc != regs_cc_ro) {
+    // No class init barrier needed because method is guaranteed to be non-static
+    gen_c2i_adapter(masm, sig_cc_ro, regs_cc_ro, /* requires_clinit_barrier = */ false, entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check],
+                    skip_fixup, entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C], oop_maps, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, /* alloc_inline_receiver = */ false);
+    skip_fixup.reset();
+  }
+
+  // Scalarized c2i adapter
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I]        = __ pc();
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Inline] = __ pc();
+  gen_c2i_adapter(masm, sig_cc, regs_cc, /* requires_clinit_barrier = */ true, entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check],
+                  skip_fixup, entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C], oop_maps, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, /* alloc_inline_receiver = */ true);
+
+  // Non-scalarized c2i adapter
+  if (regs != regs_cc) {
+    entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified_Inline] = __ pc();
+    Label inline_entry_skip_fixup;
+    gen_inline_cache_check(masm, inline_entry_skip_fixup);
+
+    entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Inline] = __ pc();
+    gen_c2i_adapter(masm, sig, regs, /* requires_clinit_barrier = */ true, entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check],
+                    inline_entry_skip_fixup, entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C], oop_maps, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, /* alloc_inline_receiver = */ false);
+  }
+
+  // The c2i adapters might safepoint and trigger a GC. The caller must make sure that
+  // the GC knows about the location of oop argument locations passed to the c2i adapter.
+  if (allocate_code_blob) {
+    bool caller_must_gc_arguments = (regs != regs_cc);
+    int entry_offset[AdapterHandlerEntry::ENTRIES_COUNT];
+    assert(AdapterHandlerEntry::ENTRIES_COUNT == 7, "sanity");
+    AdapterHandlerLibrary::address_to_offset(entry_address, entry_offset);
+    new_adapter = AdapterBlob::create(masm->code(), entry_offset, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, oop_maps, caller_must_gc_arguments);
+  }
 }
 
 int SharedRuntime::vector_calling_convention(VMRegPair *regs,
@@ -2615,6 +2759,13 @@ RuntimeStub* SharedRuntime::generate_throw_exception(StubId id, address runtime_
   return stub;
 }
 
+// Call here from the interpreter or compiled code to store returned
+// values to a newly allocated inline type instance.
+RuntimeStub* SharedRuntime::generate_return_value_stub(address destination) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
 #if INCLUDE_JFR
 
 static void jfr_prologue(address the_pc, MacroAssembler* masm, Register thread) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp
index 11ce5695b4d..3f2fcb1055c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp
@@ -1925,6 +1925,12 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ load_klass(t1, dst);
     __ bne(t1, scratch_src_klass, L_failed);
 
+    // Check for flat inline type array -> return -1
+    __ test_flat_array_oop(src, t1, L_failed);
+
+    // Check for null-free (non-flat) inline type array -> handle as object array
+    __ test_null_free_array_oop(src, t1, L_objArray);
+
     // if src->is_Array() isn't null then return -1
     // i.e. (lh >= 0)
     __ bgez(lh, L_failed);
@@ -6125,7 +6131,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       int64_t block_bytes = 16 * 4;
       __ addi(buf, buf, block_bytes);
 
-      __ bge(limit, buf, L_sha1_loop, true);
+      __ bge(limit, buf, L_sha1_loop, /* is_far */ true);
     }
 
     // store back the state.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/templateInterpreterGenerator_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/templateInterpreterGenerator_riscv.cpp
index f073909bf5d..b5b1b89ca72 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/templateInterpreterGenerator_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/templateInterpreterGenerator_riscv.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2014, 2020, Red Hat Inc. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2020, 2022, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
@@ -1423,7 +1423,7 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_native_entry(bool synchronized) {
 //
 // Generic interpreted method entry to (asm) interpreter
 //
-address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_normal_entry(bool synchronized) {
+address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_normal_entry(bool synchronized, bool object_init) {
 
   // determine code generation flags
   const bool inc_counter  = UseCompiler || CountCompiledCalls;
@@ -1536,6 +1536,12 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_normal_entry(bool synchronized) {
 #endif
   }
 
+  // Issue a StoreStore barrier on entry to Object_init if the
+  // class has strict field fields.  Be lazy, always do it.
+  if (object_init) {
+    __ membar(MacroAssembler::StoreStore);
+  }
+
   // start execution
   __ verify_frame_setup();
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/templateTable_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/templateTable_riscv.cpp
index bae5bb7b57b..0d169f35f6b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/templateTable_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/templateTable_riscv.cpp
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
 #include "oops/resolvedMethodEntry.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
 #include "prims/methodHandles.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
@@ -138,6 +139,7 @@ void TemplateTable::patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::Code bc, Register bc_reg,
   Label L_patch_done;
 
   switch (bc) {
+    case Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield:  // fall through
     case Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield:  // fall through
     case Bytecodes::_fast_bputfield:  // fall through
     case Bytecodes::_fast_zputfield:  // fall through
@@ -771,9 +773,25 @@ void TemplateTable::aaload() {
   // x10: array
   // x11: index
   index_check(x10, x11); // leaves index in x11
-  __ addi(x11, x11, arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT) >> LogBytesPerHeapOop);
-  __ shadd(x10, x11, x10, t0, LogBytesPerHeapOop);
-  __ load_heap_oop(x10, Address(x10), x28, x29, IS_ARRAY);
+  __ profile_array_type<ArrayLoadData>(x12, x10, x14);
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+    Label is_flat_array, done;
+
+    __ test_flat_array_oop(x10, x28, is_flat_array);
+    __ addi(x11, x11, arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT) >> LogBytesPerHeapOop);
+    __ shadd(x10, x11, x10, t0, LogBytesPerHeapOop);
+    __ load_heap_oop(x10, Address(x10), x28, x29, IS_ARRAY);
+
+    __ j(done);
+    __ bind(is_flat_array);
+    __ call_VM(x10, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::flat_array_load), x10, x11);
+    __ bind(done);
+  } else {
+    __ addi(x11, x11, arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT) >> LogBytesPerHeapOop);
+    __ shadd(x10, x11, x10, t0, LogBytesPerHeapOop);
+    __ load_heap_oop(x10, Address(x10), x28, x29, IS_ARRAY);
+  }
+  __ profile_element_type(x12, x10, x14);
 }
 
 void TemplateTable::baload() {
@@ -1047,7 +1065,7 @@ void TemplateTable::dastore() {
 }
 
 void TemplateTable::aastore() {
-  Label is_null, ok_is_subtype, done;
+  Label is_null, is_flat_array, ok_is_subtype, done;
   transition(vtos, vtos);
   // stack: ..., array, index, value
   __ ld(x10, at_tos());    // value
@@ -1055,6 +1073,10 @@ void TemplateTable::aastore() {
   __ ld(x13, at_tos_p2()); // array
 
   index_check(x13, x12);     // kills x11
+
+  __ profile_array_type<ArrayStoreData>(x14, x13, x15);
+  __ profile_multiple_element_types(x14, x10, x15, x16);
+
   __ addi(x14, x12, arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT) >> LogBytesPerHeapOop);
   __ shadd(x14, x14, x13, x14, LogBytesPerHeapOop);
 
@@ -1063,17 +1085,26 @@ void TemplateTable::aastore() {
   // do array store check - check for null value first
   __ beqz(x10, is_null);
 
+  // Move array class to x15
+  __ load_klass(x15, x13);
+
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+    __ lwu(x16, Address(x15, Klass::layout_helper_offset()));
+    __ test_flat_array_layout(x16, is_flat_array);
+  }
+
   // Move subklass into x11
   __ load_klass(x11, x10);
-  // Move superklass into x10
-  __ load_klass(x10, x13);
-  __ ld(x10, Address(x10,
-                     ObjArrayKlass::element_klass_offset()));
+
+  // Move array element superklass into x10
+  __ ld(x10, Address(x15, ObjArrayKlass::element_klass_offset()));
   // Compress array + index * oopSize + 12 into a single register.  Frees x12.
 
   // Generate subtype check.  Blows x12, x15
   // Superklass in x10.  Subklass in x11.
-  __ gen_subtype_check(x11, ok_is_subtype);
+
+  // is "x11 <: x10" ? (value subclass <: array element superclass)
+  __ gen_subtype_check(x11, ok_is_subtype, false);
 
   // Come here on failure
   // object is at TOS
@@ -1090,10 +1121,36 @@ void TemplateTable::aastore() {
 
   // Have a null in x10, x13=array, x12=index.  Store null at ary[idx]
   __ bind(is_null);
-  __ profile_null_seen(x12);
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    Label is_null_into_value_array_npe, store_null;
+
+    if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+      __ test_flat_array_oop(x13, x28, is_flat_array);
+    }
+
+    // No way to store null in a null-free array
+    __ test_null_free_array_oop(x13, x28, is_null_into_value_array_npe);
+    __ j(store_null);
+
+    __ bind(is_null_into_value_array_npe);
+    __ j(ExternalAddress(Interpreter::_throw_NullPointerException_entry));
+
+    __ bind(store_null);
+  }
 
   // Store a null
   __ store_heap_oop(element_address, noreg, x28, x29, x13, IS_ARRAY);
+  __ j(done);
+
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+     Label is_type_ok;
+    __ bind(is_flat_array); // Store non-null value to flat
+
+    __ ld(x10, at_tos());    // value
+    __ lw(x13, at_tos_p1()); // index
+    __ ld(x12, at_tos_p2()); // array
+    __ call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::flat_array_store), x10, x12, x13);
+  }
 
   // Pop stack arguments
   __ bind(done);
@@ -1850,17 +1907,78 @@ void TemplateTable::if_nullcmp(Condition cc) {
 void TemplateTable::if_acmp(Condition cc) {
   transition(atos, vtos);
   // assume branch is more often taken than not (loops use backward branches)
-  Label not_taken;
+  Label taken, not_taken;
   __ pop_ptr(x11);
 
+  __ profile_acmp(x12, x11, x10, x14);
+
+  Register is_inline_type_mask = t1;
+  __ mv(is_inline_type_mask, markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    // The substitutability test is only necessary if x11 and x10 are not the same...
+    if (cc == equal) {
+      __ beq(x11, x10, taken);
+    } else {
+      __ beq(x11, x10, not_taken);
+    }
+
+    // ... neither are null...
+    if (cc == equal) {
+      __ beqz(x11, not_taken);
+      __ beqz(x10, not_taken);
+    } else {
+      __ beqz(x11, taken);
+      __ beqz(x10, taken);
+    }
+
+    // ...and both are values...
+    __ ld(x12, Address(x11, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    __ andr(x12, x12, is_inline_type_mask);
+    __ ld(x14, Address(x10, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    __ andr(x14, x14, is_inline_type_mask);
+    __ andr(x12, x12, x14);
+    if (cc == equal) {
+      __ bne(x12, is_inline_type_mask, not_taken);
+    } else {
+      __ bne(x12, is_inline_type_mask, taken);
+    }
+
+    // ...with the same value klass
+    __ load_metadata(x12, x11);
+    __ load_metadata(x14, x10);
+    if (cc == equal) {
+      __ bne(x12, x14, not_taken);
+    } else {
+      __ bne(x12, x14, taken);
+    }
+
+    // Know both are the same type, let's test for substitutability ...
+    if (cc == equal) {
+      invoke_is_substitutable(x10, x11, taken, not_taken);
+    } else {
+      invoke_is_substitutable(x10, x11, not_taken, taken);
+    }
+    __ stop("Not reachable");
+  }
+
   if (cc == equal) {
     __ bne(x11, x10, not_taken);
-  } else if (cc == not_equal) {
+  } else {
     __ beq(x11, x10, not_taken);
   }
+  __ bind(taken);
   branch(false, false);
   __ bind(not_taken);
-  __ profile_not_taken_branch(x10);
+  __ profile_not_taken_branch(x10, true);
+}
+
+void TemplateTable::invoke_is_substitutable(Register aobj, Register bobj,
+                                            Label& is_subst, Label& not_subst) {
+  __ call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::is_substitutable), aobj, bobj);
+  // Restored ... x10 answer, jmp to outcome ...
+  __ beqz(x10, not_subst);
+  __ j(is_subst);
 }
 
 void TemplateTable::ret() {
@@ -2107,7 +2225,8 @@ void TemplateTable::_return(TosState state) {
   // Issue a StoreStore barrier after all stores but before return
   // from any constructor for any class with a final field. We don't
   // know if this is a finalizer, so we always do so.
-  if (_desc->bytecode() == Bytecodes::_return) {
+  if (_desc->bytecode() == Bytecodes::_return
+      || _desc->bytecode() == Bytecodes::_return_register_finalizer) {
     __ membar(MacroAssembler::StoreStore);
   }
 
@@ -2505,7 +2624,7 @@ void TemplateTable::pop_and_check_object(Register r) {
 }
 
 void TemplateTable::getfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteControl rc) {
-  const Register cache     = x14;
+  const Register cache     = x12;
   const Register obj       = x14;
   const Register index     = x13;
   const Register tos_state = x13;
@@ -2515,6 +2634,7 @@ void TemplateTable::getfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
 
   resolve_cache_and_index_for_field(byte_no, cache, index);
   jvmti_post_field_access(cache, index, is_static, false);
+
   load_resolved_field_entry(obj, cache, tos_state, off, flags, is_static);
 
   if (!is_static) {
@@ -2563,12 +2683,39 @@ void TemplateTable::getfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
   __ subi(t0, tos_state, (u1)atos);
   __ bnez(t0, notObj);
   // atos
-  __ load_heap_oop(x10, field, x28, x29, IN_HEAP);
-  __ push(atos);
-  if (rc == may_rewrite) {
-    patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield, bc, x11);
+  if (!Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    __ load_heap_oop(x10, field, x28, x29, IN_HEAP);
+    __ push(atos);
+    if (rc == may_rewrite) {
+      patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield, bc, x11);
+    }
+    __ j(Done);
+  } else { // Valhalla
+    if (is_static) {
+      __ load_heap_oop(x10, field, x28, x29);
+      __ push(atos);
+      __ j(Done);
+    } else {
+      Label is_flat;
+      __ test_field_is_flat(flags, x28, is_flat);
+      __ load_heap_oop(x10, field, x28, x29);
+      __ push(atos);
+      if (rc == may_rewrite) {
+        patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield, bc, x11);
+      }
+      __ j(Done);
+      __ bind(is_flat);
+      // field is flat (null-free or nullable with a null-marker)
+      __ mv(x10, obj);
+      __ read_flat_field(cache, x10);
+      __ verify_oop(x10);
+      __ push(atos);
+      if (rc == may_rewrite) {
+        patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_vgetfield, bc, x11);
+      }
+      __ j(Done);
+    }
   }
-  __ j(Done);
 
   __ bind(notObj);
   __ subi(t0, tos_state, (u1)itos);
@@ -2728,7 +2875,7 @@ void TemplateTable::putfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
   const Register tos_state = x13;
   const Register obj       = x12;
   const Register off       = x9;
-  const Register flags     = x10;
+  const Register flags     = x16;
   const Register bc        = x14;
 
   resolve_cache_and_index_for_field(byte_no, cache, index);
@@ -2736,11 +2883,9 @@ void TemplateTable::putfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
   load_resolved_field_entry(obj, cache, tos_state, off, flags, is_static);
 
   Label Done;
-  __ mv(x15, flags);
-
   {
     Label notVolatile;
-    __ test_bit(t0, x15, ResolvedFieldEntry::is_volatile_shift);
+    __ test_bit(t0, flags, ResolvedFieldEntry::is_volatile_shift);
     __ beqz(t0, notVolatile);
     __ membar(MacroAssembler::StoreStore | MacroAssembler::LoadStore);
     __ bind(notVolatile);
@@ -2799,19 +2944,69 @@ void TemplateTable::putfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
 
   // atos
   {
-    __ pop(atos);
-    // field address
-    if (!is_static) {
-      pop_and_check_object(obj);
-    }
-    __ add(off, obj, off); // if static, obj from cache, else obj from stack.
-    const Address field(off, 0);
-    // Store into the field
-    __ store_heap_oop(field, x10, x28, x29, x13, IN_HEAP);
-    if (rc == may_rewrite) {
-      patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield, bc, x11, true, byte_no);
-    }
-    __ j(Done);
+    if (!Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+      __ pop(atos);
+      // field address
+      if (!is_static) {
+        pop_and_check_object(obj);
+      }
+      __ add(off, obj, off); // if static, obj from cache, else obj from stack.
+      const Address field(off, 0);
+      // Store into the field
+      __ store_heap_oop(field, x10, x28, x29, x13, IN_HEAP);
+      if (rc == may_rewrite) {
+        patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield, bc, x11, true, byte_no);
+      }
+      __ j(Done);
+    } else { // Valhalla
+      __ pop(atos);
+      if (is_static) {
+        Label is_nullable;
+        __ test_field_is_not_null_free_inline_type(flags, x28, is_nullable);
+        __ null_check(x10); // FIXME JDK-8341120
+        __ bind(is_nullable);
+        // field address
+        __ add(off, obj, off);
+        const Address field(off, 0);
+        __ store_heap_oop(field, x10, x28, x29, x13, IN_HEAP);
+        __ j(Done);
+      } else {
+        Label null_free_reference, is_flat, rewrite_inline;
+        __ test_field_is_flat(flags, x28, is_flat);
+        __ test_field_is_null_free_inline_type(flags, x28, null_free_reference);
+        pop_and_check_object(obj);
+        {
+          __ add(off, obj, off);
+          const Address field(off, 0);
+          // Store into the field
+          __ store_heap_oop(field, x10, x28, x29, x13, IN_HEAP);
+        }
+        if (rc == may_rewrite) {
+          patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield, bc, x9, true, byte_no);
+        }
+        __ j(Done);
+        // Implementation of the inline type semantic
+        __ bind(null_free_reference);
+        __ null_check(x10); // FIXME JDK-8341120
+        pop_and_check_object(obj);
+        {
+          // field address
+          __ add(off, obj, off);
+          const Address field(off, 0);
+          // Store into the field
+          __ store_heap_oop(field, x10, x28, x29, x13, IN_HEAP);
+        }
+        __ j(rewrite_inline);
+        __ bind(is_flat);
+        pop_and_check_object(x17);
+        __ write_flat_field(cache, off, index, flags, x17);
+        __ bind(rewrite_inline);
+        if (rc == may_rewrite) {
+          patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield, bc, x9, true, byte_no);
+        }
+        __ j(Done);
+      }
+    } // Valhalla
   }
 
   __ bind(notObj);
@@ -2946,7 +3141,7 @@ void TemplateTable::putfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
 
   {
     Label notVolatile;
-    __ test_bit(t0, x15, ResolvedFieldEntry::is_volatile_shift);
+    __ test_bit(t0, flags, ResolvedFieldEntry::is_volatile_shift);
     __ beqz(t0, notVolatile);
     __ membar(MacroAssembler::StoreLoad | MacroAssembler::StoreStore);
     __ bind(notVolatile);
@@ -2980,6 +3175,7 @@ void TemplateTable::jvmti_post_fast_field_mod() {
     // to do it for every data type, we use the saved values as the
     // jvalue object.
     switch (bytecode()) {          // load values into the jvalue object
+      case Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield: // fall through
       case Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield: __ push_ptr(x10); break;
       case Bytecodes::_fast_bputfield: // fall through
       case Bytecodes::_fast_zputfield: // fall through
@@ -3006,6 +3202,7 @@ void TemplateTable::jvmti_post_fast_field_mod() {
                x9, c_rarg2, c_rarg3);
 
     switch (bytecode()) {             // restore tos values
+      case Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield: // fall through
       case Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield: __ pop_ptr(x10); break;
       case Bytecodes::_fast_bputfield: // fall through
       case Bytecodes::_fast_zputfield: // fall through
@@ -3047,11 +3244,27 @@ void TemplateTable::fast_storefield(TosState state) {
   pop_and_check_object(x12);
 
   // field address
-  __ add(x11, x12, x11);
-  const Address field(x11, 0);
+  __ add(t1, x12, x11);
+  const Address field(t1, 0);
 
   // access field, must not clobber x13 - flags
   switch (bytecode()) {
+    case Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield:
+      {
+        Label is_flat, done;
+        __ test_field_is_flat(x13, x28, is_flat);
+        __ null_check(x10);
+        __ store_heap_oop(field, x10, x28, x29, x15, IN_HEAP);
+        __ j(done);
+        __ bind(is_flat);
+        __ load_field_entry(x14, x13);
+        // Re-shuffle registers because of VM calls calling convention
+        __ mv(x9, x11);
+        __ mv(x17, x12);
+        __ write_flat_field(x14, x9, x16, x18, x17);
+        __ bind(done);
+      }
+      break;
     case Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield:
       __ store_heap_oop(field, x10, x28, x29, x15, IN_HEAP);
       break;
@@ -3133,6 +3346,13 @@ void TemplateTable::fast_accessfield(TosState state) {
 
   // access field
   switch (bytecode()) {
+    case Bytecodes::_fast_vgetfield:
+      {
+        // field is flat
+        __ read_flat_field(x12, x10);
+        __ verify_oop(x10);
+      }
+      break;
     case Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield:
       __ load_heap_oop(x10, field, x28, x29, IN_HEAP);
       __ verify_oop(x10);
@@ -3540,7 +3760,7 @@ void TemplateTable::_new() {
 
   // get instance_size in InstanceKlass (scaled to a count of bytes)
   __ lwu(x13, Address(x14, Klass::layout_helper_offset()));
-  // test to see if is malformed in some way
+  // test to see if it is malformed in some way
   __ test_bit(t0, x13, exact_log2(Klass::_lh_instance_slow_path_bit));
   __ bnez(t0, slow_case);
 
@@ -3550,6 +3770,7 @@ void TemplateTable::_new() {
   //    If fails, go to the slow path.
   //    Initialize the allocation.
   //    Exit.
+  //
   //  Go to slow path.
 
   if (UseTLAB) {
@@ -3560,49 +3781,55 @@ void TemplateTable::_new() {
       __ j(initialize_header);
     }
 
-    // The object is initialized before the header. If the object size is
+    // The object is initialized before the header.  If the object size is
     // zero, go directly to the header initialization.
-    if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
-      assert(is_aligned(oopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(), BytesPerLong), "oop base offset must be 8-byte-aligned");
-      __ subi(x13, x13, oopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes());
-    } else {
-      __ subi(x13, x13, sizeof(oopDesc));
-    }
+    int header_size = oopDesc::header_size() * HeapWordSize;
+    assert(is_aligned(header_size, BytesPerLong), "oop header size must be 8-byte-aligned");
+    __ subi(x13, x13, header_size);
     __ beqz(x13, initialize_header);
 
+  #ifdef ASSERT
+    // make sure instance_size was multiple of 8
+    Label L;
+    __ andi(t0, x13, 7);
+    __ beqz(t0, L);
+    __ stop("object size is not multiple of 8 - adjust this code");
+    __ bind(L);
+    // must be > 0, no extra check needed here
+  #endif
+
     // Initialize object fields
     {
-      if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
-        assert(is_aligned(oopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(), BytesPerLong), "oop base offset must be 8-byte-aligned");
-        __ addi(x12, x10, oopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes());
-      } else {
-        __ addi(x12, x10, sizeof(oopDesc));
-      }
+      __ addi(x12, x10, header_size);
       Label loop;
       __ bind(loop);
-      __ sd(zr, Address(x12));
+      __ sd(zr, Address(x12, 0));
       __ addi(x12, x12, BytesPerLong);
       __ subi(x13, x13, BytesPerLong);
       __ bnez(x13, loop);
     }
 
-    // initialize object hader only.
+    // initialize object header only.
     __ bind(initialize_header);
-    if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
-      __ ld(t0, Address(x14, Klass::prototype_header_offset()));
-      __ sd(t0, Address(x10, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    if (UseCompactObjectHeaders || Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+      __ ld(t1, Address(x14, Klass::prototype_header_offset()));
+      __ sd(t1, Address(x10, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
     } else {
-      __ mv(t0, (intptr_t)markWord::prototype().value());
-      __ sd(t0, Address(x10, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
-      __ store_klass_gap(x10, zr);   // zero klass gap for compressed oops
-      __ store_klass(x10, x14);      // store klass last
+      __ mv(t1, (intptr_t)markWord::prototype().value());
+      __ sd(t1, Address(x10, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    }
+    if (!UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+      __ store_klass_gap(x10, zr);  // zero klass gap for compressed oops
+      __ store_klass(x10, x14);     // store klass last
     }
 
     if (DTraceAllocProbes) {
       // Trigger dtrace event for fastpath
       __ push(atos); // save the return value
-      __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, static_cast<int (*)(oopDesc*)>(SharedRuntime::dtrace_object_alloc)), x10);
+      __ call_VM_leaf(
+           CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, static_cast<int (*)(oopDesc*)>(SharedRuntime::dtrace_object_alloc)), x10);
       __ pop(atos); // restore the return value
+
     }
     __ j(done);
   }
@@ -3689,13 +3916,12 @@ void TemplateTable::checkcast() {
   __ bind(ok_is_subtype);
   __ mv(x10, x13); // Restore object in x13
 
+  __ j(done);
+  __ bind(is_null);
+
   // Collect counts on whether this test sees nulls a lot or not.
   if (ProfileInterpreter) {
-    __ j(done);
-    __ bind(is_null);
     __ profile_null_seen(x12);
-  } else {
-    __ bind(is_null);   // same as 'done'
   }
   __ bind(done);
 }
@@ -3816,6 +4042,10 @@ void TemplateTable::monitorenter() {
    // check for null object
    __ null_check(x10);
 
+   Label is_inline_type;
+   __ ld(t0, Address(x10, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+   __ test_markword_is_inline_type(t0, is_inline_type);
+
    const Address monitor_block_top(
          fp, frame::interpreter_frame_monitor_block_top_offset * wordSize);
    const Address monitor_block_bot(
@@ -3915,6 +4145,11 @@ void TemplateTable::monitorenter() {
    // The bcp has already been incremented. Just need to dispatch to
    // next instruction.
    __ dispatch_next(vtos);
+
+   __ bind(is_inline_type);
+   __ call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address,
+                     InterpreterRuntime::throw_identity_exception), x10);
+   __ should_not_reach_here();
 }
 
 void TemplateTable::monitorexit() {
@@ -3923,6 +4158,17 @@ void TemplateTable::monitorexit() {
   // check for null object
   __ null_check(x10);
 
+  const int is_inline_type_mask = markWord::inline_type_pattern;
+  Label has_identity;
+  __ ld(t0, Address(x10, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+  __ mv(t1, is_inline_type_mask);
+  __ andr(t0, t0, t1);
+  __ bne(t0, t1, has_identity);
+  __ call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address,
+                    InterpreterRuntime::throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception));
+  __ should_not_reach_here();
+  __ bind(has_identity);
+
   const Address monitor_block_top(
         fp, frame::interpreter_frame_monitor_block_top_offset * wordSize);
   const Address monitor_block_bot(
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/templateTable_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/templateTable_riscv.hpp
index 8ae66d88521..12c627d6312 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/templateTable_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/templateTable_riscv.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2014, Red Hat Inc. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2020, 2021, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
@@ -34,4 +34,6 @@ static void invokevirtual_helper(Register index, Register recv,
 // Helpers
 static void index_check(Register array, Register index);
 
+static void invoke_is_substitutable(Register aobj, Register bobj, Label& is_subst, Label& not_subst);
+
 #endif // CPU_RISCV_TEMPLATETABLE_RISCV_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.cpp
index 3a6415d52bd..22fd66a8da3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2020, 2023, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2023, Rivos Inc. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
@@ -218,6 +218,15 @@ void VM_Version::common_initialize() {
     warning("CRC32C intrinsics are not available on this CPU.");
     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCRC32CIntrinsics, false);
   }
+
+  if (InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs) {
+    warning("InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs is not supported on this CPU");
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, false);
+  }
+  if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+    warning("InlineTypeReturnedAsFields is not supported on this CPU");
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, false);
+  }
 }
 
 #ifdef COMPILER2
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.hpp
index ab048719ad2..8e61ff550ec 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2014, 2020, Red Hat Inc. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2020, 2023, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2023, Rivos Inc. All rights reserved.
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
-#include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
+#include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
 #include "utilities/sizes.hpp"
 
 class RiscvHwprobe;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vtableStubs_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vtableStubs_riscv.cpp
index d889141c744..4fc70e7656f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vtableStubs_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vtableStubs_riscv.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2014, Red Hat Inc. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2020, 2023, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
@@ -47,10 +47,10 @@
 extern "C" void bad_compiled_vtable_index(JavaThread* thread, oop receiver, int index);
 #endif
 
-VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) {
+VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index, bool caller_is_c1) {
   // Read "A word on VtableStub sizing" in share/code/vtableStubs.hpp for details on stub sizing.
   const int stub_code_length = code_size_limit(true);
-  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(true, vtable_index);
+  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(true, vtable_index, caller_is_c1);
   // Can be null if there is no free space in the code cache.
   if (s == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
@@ -63,6 +63,10 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) {
   int       slop_bytes = 0;
   int       slop_delta = 0;
 
+  ByteSize  entry_offset = caller_is_c1
+                           ? Method::from_compiled_inline_offset()
+                           : Method::from_compiled_inline_ro_offset();
+
   ResourceMark    rm;
   CodeBuffer      cb(s->entry_point(), stub_code_length);
   MacroAssembler* masm = new MacroAssembler(&cb);
@@ -119,7 +123,7 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) {
   if (DebugVtables) {
     Label L;
     __ beqz(xmethod, L);
-    __ ld(t0, Address(xmethod, Method::from_compiled_offset()));
+    __ ld(t0, Address(xmethod, entry_offset));
     __ bnez(t0, L);
     __ stop("Vtable entry is null");
     __ bind(L);
@@ -130,7 +134,7 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) {
   // xmethod: Method*
   // x12: receiver
   address ame_addr = __ pc();
-  __ ld(t1, Address(xmethod, Method::from_compiled_offset()));
+  __ ld(t1, Address(xmethod, entry_offset));
   __ jr(t1);
 
   masm->flush();
@@ -139,10 +143,10 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) {
   return s;
 }
 
-VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int itable_index) {
+VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int itable_index, bool caller_is_c1) {
   // Read "A word on VtableStub sizing" in share/code/vtableStubs.hpp for details on stub sizing.
   const int stub_code_length = code_size_limit(false);
-  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(false, itable_index);
+  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(false, itable_index, caller_is_c1);
   // Can be null if there is no free space in the code cache.
   if (s == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
@@ -154,6 +158,10 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int itable_index) {
   int       slop_bytes = 0;
   int       slop_delta = 0;
 
+  ByteSize  entry_offset = caller_is_c1
+                           ? Method::from_compiled_inline_offset()
+                           : Method::from_compiled_inline_ro_offset();
+
   ResourceMark    rm;
   CodeBuffer      cb(s->entry_point(), stub_code_length);
   MacroAssembler* masm = new MacroAssembler(&cb);
@@ -216,7 +224,7 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int itable_index) {
   if (DebugVtables) {
     Label L2;
     __ beqz(xmethod, L2);
-    __ ld(t0, Address(xmethod, Method::from_compiled_offset()));
+    __ ld(t0, Address(xmethod, entry_offset));
     __ bnez(t0, L2);
     __ stop("compiler entrypoint is null");
     __ bind(L2);
@@ -226,7 +234,7 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int itable_index) {
   // xmethod: Method*
   // j_rarg0: receiver
   address ame_addr = __ pc();
-  __ ld(t1, Address(xmethod, Method::from_compiled_offset()));
+  __ ld(t1, Address(xmethod, entry_offset));
   __ jr(t1);
 
   __ bind(L_no_such_interface);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_CodeStubs_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_CodeStubs_s390.cpp
index f1272ee1a22..e282128c33a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_CodeStubs_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_CodeStubs_s390.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2016, 2024 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -194,11 +194,13 @@ void NewTypeArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
   __ z_brul(_continuation);
 }
 
-NewObjectArrayStub::NewObjectArrayStub(LIR_Opr klass_reg, LIR_Opr length, LIR_Opr result, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+NewObjectArrayStub::NewObjectArrayStub(LIR_Opr klass_reg, LIR_Opr length, LIR_Opr result,
+                                       CodeEmitInfo* info, bool is_null_free) {
   _klass_reg = klass_reg;
   _length = length;
   _result = result;
   _info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
+  _is_null_free = is_null_free; // unimplemented
 }
 
 void NewObjectArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
@@ -444,4 +446,30 @@ void ArrayCopyStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
   __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondAlways, _continuation);
 }
 
+// Implementation of SubstitutabilityCheckStub
+SubstitutabilityCheckStub::SubstitutabilityCheckStub(LIR_Opr left, LIR_Opr right, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+void SubstitutabilityCheckStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+LoadFlattenedArrayStub::LoadFlattenedArrayStub(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr index, LIR_Opr result, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+void LoadFlattenedArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+// Implementation of StoreFlattenedArrayStub
+
+StoreFlattenedArrayStub::StoreFlattenedArrayStub(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr index, LIR_Opr value, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+void StoreFlattenedArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
 #undef __
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.cpp
index bb0d0602db4..d8b7d048515 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.cpp
@@ -3024,6 +3024,10 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_profile_type(LIR_OpProfileType* op) {
   }
 }
 
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_profile_inline_type(LIR_OpProfileInlineType* op) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
 void LIR_Assembler::emit_updatecrc32(LIR_OpUpdateCRC32* op) {
   assert(op->crc()->is_single_cpu(), "crc must be register");
   assert(op->val()->is_single_cpu(), "byte value must be register");
@@ -3039,4 +3043,26 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_updatecrc32(LIR_OpUpdateCRC32* op) {
   __ z_lgfr(res, crc);
 }
 
+// Valhalla support
+
+void LIR_Assembler::check_orig_pc() {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+int LIR_Assembler::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(ciInlineKlass* vk) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return 0;
+}
+
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_opFlattenedArrayCheck(LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck* op) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_opNullFreeArrayCheck(LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck* op) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_opSubstitutabilityCheck(LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck* op) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
 #undef __
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRGenerator_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRGenerator_s390.cpp
index 1ffd172df8f..580b8f8db57 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRGenerator_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRGenerator_s390.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2016, 2024 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -777,7 +777,7 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_NewInstance(NewInstance* x) {
   LIR_Opr tmp3 = reg;
   LIR_Opr tmp4 = LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr;
   LIR_Opr klass_reg = FrameMap::Z_R11_metadata_opr;
-  new_instance(reg, x->klass(), x->is_unresolved(), tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, tmp4, klass_reg, info);
+  new_instance(reg, x->klass(), x->is_unresolved(), /* allow_inline */ false, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, tmp4, klass_reg, info);
   LIR_Opr result = rlock_result(x);
   __ move(reg, result);
 }
@@ -937,7 +937,7 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_CheckCast(CheckCast* x) {
   __ checkcast(reg, obj.result(), x->klass(),
                tmp1, tmp2, tmp3,
                x->direct_compare(), info_for_exception, patching_info, stub,
-               x->profiled_method(), x->profiled_bci());
+               x->profiled_method(), x->profiled_bci(), /*is_null_free*/ false);
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_MacroAssembler_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_MacroAssembler_s390.cpp
index 813143938f9..e300431b909 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_MacroAssembler_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_MacroAssembler_s390.cpp
@@ -43,7 +43,10 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::explicit_null_check(Register base) {
   ShouldNotCallThis(); // unused
 }
 
-void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes) {
+void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes,
+                                    int sp_offset_for_orig_pc,
+                                    bool needs_stack_repair, bool has_scalarized_args,
+                                    Label* verified_inline_entry_label) {
   assert(bang_size_in_bytes >= frame_size_in_bytes, "stack bang size incorrect");
   generate_stack_overflow_check(bang_size_in_bytes);
   save_return_pc();
@@ -249,6 +252,11 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::allocate_array(
   verify_oop(obj, FILE_AND_LINE);
 }
 
+int C1_MacroAssembler::scalarized_entry(const CompiledEntrySignature* ces, int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, Label& verified_inline_entry_label, bool is_inline_ro_entry) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+
 
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_Runtime1_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_Runtime1_s390.cpp
index d26db67d078..d3c8ed518e1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_Runtime1_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_Runtime1_s390.cpp
@@ -423,8 +423,7 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
           __ mem2reg_opt(t0, Address(klass, Klass::layout_helper_offset()), false);
           __ z_sra(t0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_shift);
           int tag = ((id == StubId::c1_new_type_array_id)
-                     ? Klass::_lh_array_tag_type_value
-                     : Klass::_lh_array_tag_obj_value);
+                     ? Klass::_lh_array_tag_type_value : Klass::_lh_array_tag_ref_value);
           __ compare32_and_branch(t0, tag, Assembler::bcondEqual, ok);
           __ stop("assert(is an array klass)");
           __ should_not_reach_here();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationFreezeThaw_s390.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationFreezeThaw_s390.inline.hpp
index 2f7660052c0..851662df4f3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationFreezeThaw_s390.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationFreezeThaw_s390.inline.hpp
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ inline frame FreezeBase::sender(const frame& f) {
          : frame(sender_sp, sender_pc, sender_sp);
 }
 
-template<typename FKind> frame FreezeBase::new_heap_frame(frame& f, frame& caller) {
+template<typename FKind> frame FreezeBase::new_heap_frame(frame& f, frame& caller, int size_adjust) {
   assert(FKind::is_instance(f), "");
   intptr_t *sp, *fp;
   if (FKind::interpreted) {
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ inline void FreezeBase::relativize_interpreted_frame_metadata(const frame& f, co
   assert(hf.fp()                 <= (intptr_t*)hf.at(_z_ijava_idx(locals)), "");
 }
 
-inline void FreezeBase::patch_pd(frame& hf, const frame& caller) {
+inline void FreezeBase::patch_pd(frame& hf, const frame& caller, bool is_bottom_frame) {
   if (caller.is_interpreted_frame()) {
     assert(!caller.is_empty(), "");
     patch_callee_link_relative(caller, caller.fp());
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ inline frame ThawBase::new_entry_frame() {
   return frame(sp, _cont.entryPC(), sp, _cont.entryFP());
 }
 
-template<typename FKind> frame ThawBase::new_stack_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, bool bottom) {
+template<typename FKind> frame ThawBase::new_stack_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, bool bottom, int size_adjust) {
   assert(FKind::is_instance(hf), "");
 
   assert(is_aligned(caller.fp(), frame::frame_alignment), PTR_FORMAT, p2i(caller.fp()));
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/foreignGlobals_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/foreignGlobals_s390.cpp
index 1ad0570bad8..81331d1e179 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/foreignGlobals_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/foreignGlobals_s390.cpp
@@ -52,15 +52,15 @@ const ABIDescriptor ForeignGlobals::parse_abi_descriptor(jobject jabi) {
   oop abi_oop = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(jabi);
   ABIDescriptor abi;
 
-  objArrayOop inputStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::inputStorage(abi_oop);
+  refArrayOop inputStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::inputStorage(abi_oop);
   parse_register_array(inputStorage, StorageType::INTEGER, abi._integer_argument_registers, as_Register);
   parse_register_array(inputStorage, StorageType::FLOAT, abi._float_argument_registers, as_FloatRegister);
 
-  objArrayOop outputStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::outputStorage(abi_oop);
+  refArrayOop outputStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::outputStorage(abi_oop);
   parse_register_array(outputStorage, StorageType::INTEGER, abi._integer_return_registers, as_Register);
   parse_register_array(outputStorage, StorageType::FLOAT, abi._float_return_registers, as_FloatRegister);
 
-  objArrayOop volatileStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::volatileStorage(abi_oop);
+  refArrayOop volatileStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::volatileStorage(abi_oop);
   parse_register_array(volatileStorage, StorageType::INTEGER, abi._integer_volatile_registers, as_Register);
   parse_register_array(volatileStorage, StorageType::FLOAT, abi._float_additional_volatile_registers, as_FloatRegister);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.cpp
index af4c670132a..1dc44a4341e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.cpp
@@ -748,3 +748,17 @@ intptr_t* frame::interpreter_frame_tos_at(jint offset) const {
   return &interpreter_frame_tos_address()[offset];
 }
 
+intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(intptr_t* sender_sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) const {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(nmethod* nm, intptr_t* sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+bool frame::was_augmented_on_entry(int& real_size) const {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return false;
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.hpp
index 8a99bdb8df5..afbc5923466 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.hpp
@@ -569,10 +569,16 @@
     // in bytes
     frame_alignment          = 8,
     // size, in words, of maximum shift in frame position due to alignment
-    align_wiggle             =  0
+    align_wiggle             =  0,
+    // This is wrong and unimplemented
+    sender_sp_offset         =  0
   };
 
   // returns the sending frame, without applying any barriers
   inline frame sender_raw(RegisterMap* map) const;
 
+  intptr_t* repair_sender_sp(intptr_t* sender_sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) const;
+  static intptr_t* repair_sender_sp(nmethod* nm, intptr_t* sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr);
+  bool was_augmented_on_entry(int& real_size) const;
+
 #endif // CPU_S390_FRAME_S390_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/globals_s390.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/globals_s390.hpp
index 745a6171ca2..9a273204654 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/globals_s390.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/globals_s390.hpp
@@ -78,6 +78,9 @@ define_pd_global(bool, CompactStrings, true);
 // 8146801 (Short Array Allocation): No performance work done here yet.
 define_pd_global(intx, InitArrayShortSize, 1*BytesPerLong);
 
+define_pd_global(bool, InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, false);
+define_pd_global(bool, InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, false);
+
 #define ARCH_FLAGS(develop,                                                   \
                    product,                                                   \
                    range,                                                     \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.cpp
index 5d86a0c3182..67877c5529e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.cpp
@@ -1631,7 +1631,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_arguments_type(Register mdp, Register ca
         // argument. Tmp is the number of cells left in the
         // CallTypeData/VirtualCallTypeData to reach its end. Non null
         // if there's a return to profile.
-        assert(ReturnTypeEntry::static_cell_count() < TypeStackSlotEntries::per_arg_count(), "can't move past ret type");
+        assert(SingleTypeEntry::static_cell_count() < TypeStackSlotEntries::per_arg_count(), "can't move past ret type");
         z_sllg(tmp, tmp, exact_log2(DataLayout::cell_size));
         z_agr(mdp, tmp);
       }
@@ -1680,7 +1680,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_return_type(Register mdp, Register ret,
       bind(do_profile);
     }
 
-    Address mdo_ret_addr(mdp, -in_bytes(ReturnTypeEntry::size()));
+    Address mdo_ret_addr(mdp, -in_bytes(SingleTypeEntry::size()));
     profile_obj_type(ret, mdo_ret_addr, tmp);
 
     bind(profile_continue);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp
index a3a25e07197..716131c1edd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp
@@ -6985,3 +6985,32 @@ void MacroAssembler::profile_receiver_type(Register recv, Register mdp, int mdp_
   z_agr(offset, mdp);
   add2mem_64(Address(offset), DataLayout::counter_increment, r0_tmp);
 }
+
+// Unimplemented methods for inline types.
+int MacroAssembler::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(ciInlineKlass* vk, bool from_interpreter) {
+   Unimplemented();
+}
+
+bool MacroAssembler::move_helper(VMReg from, VMReg to, BasicType bt, RegState reg_state[]) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+bool MacroAssembler::unpack_inline_helper(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int& sig_index,
+                            VMReg from, int& from_index, VMRegPair* to, int to_count, int& to_index,
+                            RegState reg_state[]) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+bool MacroAssembler::pack_inline_helper(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int& sig_index, int vtarg_index,
+                          VMRegPair* from, int from_count, int& from_index, VMReg to,
+                          RegState reg_state[], Register val_array) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+int MacroAssembler::extend_stack_for_inline_args(int args_on_stack) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
+VMReg MacroAssembler::spill_reg_for(VMReg reg) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.hpp
index 9dd4054a36c..4eec07a8b5b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.hpp
@@ -30,6 +30,10 @@
 #include "asm/assembler.hpp"
 #include "oops/accessDecorators.hpp"
 
+class ciInlineKlass;
+class SigEntry;
+class VMRegPair;
+
 #define MODERN_IFUN(name)  ((void (MacroAssembler::*)(Register, int64_t, Register, Register))&MacroAssembler::name)
 #define CLASSIC_IFUN(name) ((void (MacroAssembler::*)(Register, int64_t, Register, Register))&MacroAssembler::name)
 #define MODERN_FFUN(name)  ((void (MacroAssembler::*)(FloatRegister, int64_t, Register, Register))&MacroAssembler::name)
@@ -1123,6 +1127,9 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   void load_on_condition_imm_64(Register dst, int64_t i2, branch_condition cc);
 
   void profile_receiver_type(Register recv, Register mdp, int mdp_offset, Register tmp1);
+
+  // Inline type specific methods
+  #include "asm/macroAssembler_common.hpp"
 };
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
index 83898f3086e..3b15af0943a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
@@ -1187,12 +1187,6 @@ void MachPrologNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
 
   C->output()->set_frame_complete(__ offset());
 }
-
-uint MachPrologNode::size(PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
-  // Variable size. Determine dynamically.
-  return MachNode::size(ra_);
-}
-
 int MachPrologNode::reloc() const {
   // Return number of relocatable values contained in this instruction.
   return 1; // One reloc entry for load_const(toc).
@@ -1235,11 +1229,6 @@ void MachEpilogNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
   }
 }
 
-uint MachEpilogNode::size(PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
-  // Variable size. determine dynamically.
-  return MachNode::size(ra_);
-}
-
 int MachEpilogNode::reloc() const {
   // Return number of relocatable values contained in this instruction.
   return 1; // One for load_from_polling_page.
@@ -1644,6 +1633,18 @@ class CallStubImpl {
 
 source %{
 
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+void MachVEPNode::format(PhaseRegAlloc* ra_, outputStream* st) const
+{
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+#endif
+
+void MachVEPNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc* ra_) const
+{
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
 #if !defined(PRODUCT)
 void MachUEPNode::format(PhaseRegAlloc *ra_, outputStream *os) const {
   os->print_cr("---- MachUEPNode ----");
@@ -1663,11 +1664,6 @@ void MachUEPNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
   __ ic_check(CodeEntryAlignment);
 }
 
-uint MachUEPNode::size(PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
-  // Determine size dynamically.
-  return MachNode::size(ra_);
-}
-
 //=============================================================================
 
 %} // interrupt source section
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/sharedRuntime_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/sharedRuntime_s390.cpp
index 1a13e76e930..f00d0aafbde 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/sharedRuntime_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/sharedRuntime_s390.cpp
@@ -2554,9 +2554,8 @@ nmethod *SharedRuntime::generate_native_wrapper(MacroAssembler *masm,
 }
 
 static address gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler  *masm,
-                               int total_args_passed,
                                int comp_args_on_stack,
-                               const BasicType *sig_bt,
+                               const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig,
                                const VMRegPair *regs,
                                Label &skip_fixup) {
   // Before we get into the guts of the C2I adapter, see if we should be here
@@ -2585,7 +2584,7 @@ static address gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler  *masm,
   // Since all args are passed on the stack, total_args_passed*wordSize is the
   // space we need. We need ABI scratch area but we use the caller's since
   // it has already been allocated.
-
+  int       total_args_passed = sig->length();
   const int abi_scratch = frame::z_top_ijava_frame_abi_size;
   int       extraspace  = align_up(total_args_passed, 2)*wordSize + abi_scratch;
   Register  sender_SP   = Z_R10;
@@ -2606,6 +2605,8 @@ static address gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler  *masm,
 
   // Now write the args into the outgoing interpreter space.
   for (int i = 0; i < total_args_passed; i++) {
+    BasicType bt = sig->at(i)._bt;
+
     VMReg r_1 = regs[i].first();
     VMReg r_2 = regs[i].second();
     if (!r_1->is_valid()) {
@@ -2622,7 +2623,7 @@ static address gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler  *masm,
       } else {
         // longs are given 2 64-bit slots in the interpreter,
         // but the data is passed in only 1 slot.
-        if (sig_bt[i] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i] == T_DOUBLE) {
+        if (bt == T_LONG || bt == T_DOUBLE) {
 #ifdef ASSERT
           __ clear_mem(Address(Z_SP, st_off), sizeof(void *));
 #endif
@@ -2637,7 +2638,7 @@ static address gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler  *masm,
         } else {
           // longs are given 2 64-bit slots in the interpreter, but the
           // data is passed in only 1 slot.
-          if (sig_bt[i] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i] == T_DOUBLE) {
+          if (bt == T_LONG || bt == T_DOUBLE) {
 #ifdef ASSERT
             __ clear_mem(Address(Z_SP, st_off), sizeof(void *));
 #endif
@@ -2702,12 +2703,12 @@ static address gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler  *masm,
 //    Z_SP      r15 - SP prepared by call stub such that caller's outgoing args are near top
 //
 void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
-                                    int total_args_passed,
                                     int comp_args_on_stack,
-                                    const BasicType *sig_bt,
+                                    const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig,
                                     const VMRegPair *regs) {
   const Register value = Z_R12;
   const Register ld_ptr= Z_esp;
+  int total_args_passed = sig->length();
 
   int ld_offset = total_args_passed * wordSize;
 
@@ -2727,8 +2728,9 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
   // Now generate the shuffle code. Pick up all register args and move the
   // rest through register value=Z_R12.
   for (int i = 0; i < total_args_passed; i++) {
-    if (sig_bt[i] == T_VOID) {
-      assert(i > 0 && (sig_bt[i-1] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i-1] == T_DOUBLE), "missing half");
+    BasicType bt = sig->at(i)._bt;
+    if (bt == T_VOID) {
+      assert(i > 0 && (sig->at(i - 1)._bt == T_LONG || sig->at(i - 1)._bt == T_DOUBLE), "missing half");
       continue;
     }
 
@@ -2760,7 +2762,7 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
         } else {
           // In 64bit, longs are given 2 64-bit slots in the interpreter, but the
           // data is passed in only 1 slot.
-          if (sig_bt[i] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i] == T_DOUBLE) {
+          if (bt == T_LONG || bt == T_DOUBLE) {
             ld_offset -= wordSize;
           }
           __ z_mvc(Address(Z_SP, st_off), Address(ld_ptr, ld_offset), sizeof(void*));
@@ -2768,7 +2770,7 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
       } else {
         if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
           // Not sure we need to do this but it shouldn't hurt.
-          if (is_reference_type(sig_bt[i]) || sig_bt[i] == T_ADDRESS) {
+          if (is_reference_type(bt) || bt == T_ADDRESS) {
             __ z_lg(r_1->as_Register(), ld_offset, ld_ptr);
           } else {
             __ z_l(r_1->as_Register(), ld_offset, ld_ptr);
@@ -2776,7 +2778,7 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
         } else {
           // In 64bit, longs are given 2 64-bit slots in the interpreter, but the
           // data is passed in only 1 slot.
-          if (sig_bt[i] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i] == T_DOUBLE) {
+          if (bt == T_LONG || bt == T_DOUBLE) {
             ld_offset -= wordSize;
           }
           __ z_lg(r_1->as_Register(), ld_offset, ld_ptr);
@@ -2807,15 +2809,20 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
   __ z_br(Z_R1_scratch);
 }
 
-void SharedRuntime::generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler *masm,
-                                            int total_args_passed,
+void SharedRuntime::generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler* masm,
                                             int comp_args_on_stack,
-                                            const BasicType *sig_bt,
-                                            const VMRegPair *regs,
-                                            address entry_address[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT]) {
+                                            const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig,
+                                            const VMRegPair* regs,
+                                            const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_cc,
+                                            const VMRegPair* regs_cc,
+                                            const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_cc_ro,
+                                            const VMRegPair* regs_cc_ro,
+                                            address entry_address[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT],
+                                            AdapterBlob*& new_adapter,
+                                            bool allocate_code_blob) {
   __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
   entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C] = __ pc();
-  gen_i2c_adapter(masm, total_args_passed, comp_args_on_stack, sig_bt, regs);
+  gen_i2c_adapter(masm, comp_args_on_stack, sig, regs);
 
   Label skip_fixup;
   {
@@ -2860,7 +2867,7 @@ void SharedRuntime::generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler *masm,
   __ bind(L_skip_barrier);
   entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check] = __ pc();
 
-  gen_c2i_adapter(masm, total_args_passed, comp_args_on_stack, sig_bt, regs, skip_fixup);
+  gen_c2i_adapter(masm, comp_args_on_stack, sig, regs, skip_fixup);
   return;
 }
 
@@ -3944,3 +3951,23 @@ RuntimeStub* SharedRuntime::generate_jfr_return_lease() {
 }
 
 #endif // INCLUDE_JFR
+
+const uint SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_int = Argument::n_int_register_parameters_j;
+const uint SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_float = Argument::n_float_register_parameters_j;
+
+int SharedRuntime::java_return_convention(const BasicType *sig_bt, VMRegPair *regs, int total_args_passed) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return 0;
+}
+
+BufferedInlineTypeBlob* SharedRuntime::generate_buffered_inline_type_adapter(const InlineKlass* vk) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+// Call here from the interpreter or compiled code to store returned
+// values to a newly allocated inline type instance.
+RuntimeStub* SharedRuntime::generate_return_value_stub(address destination) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return nullptr;
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateInterpreterGenerator_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateInterpreterGenerator_s390.cpp
index 03470597ab5..8e235a8c3c8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateInterpreterGenerator_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateInterpreterGenerator_s390.cpp
@@ -1744,7 +1744,7 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_native_entry(bool synchronized) {
 //
 // Generic interpreted method entry to template interpreter.
 //
-address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_normal_entry(bool synchronized) {
+address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_normal_entry(bool synchronized, bool object_init) {
   address entry_point = __ pc();
 
   bool inc_counter = UseCompiler || CountCompiledCalls;
@@ -1865,6 +1865,12 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_normal_entry(bool synchronized) {
 #endif // ASSERT
   }
 
+  // If object_init == true, we should insert a StoreStore barrier here to
+  // prevent strict fields initial default values from being observable.
+  // However, s390 is a TSO platform, so if `this` escapes, strict fields
+  // initialized values are guaranteed to be the ones observed, so the
+  // barrier can be elided.
+
   // start execution
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/vtableStubs_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/vtableStubs_s390.cpp
index f60d91183da..de4049ccacf 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/vtableStubs_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/vtableStubs_s390.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2016, 2023 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -44,10 +44,10 @@ extern "C" void bad_compiled_vtable_index(JavaThread* thread, oop receiver, int
 #endif
 
 // Used by compiler only; may use only caller saved, non-argument registers.
-VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) {
+VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index, bool caller_is_c1) {
   // Read "A word on VtableStub sizing" in share/code/vtableStubs.hpp for details on stub sizing.
   const int stub_code_length = code_size_limit(true);
-  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(true, vtable_index);
+  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(true, vtable_index, caller_is_c1);
   // Can be null if there is no free space in the code cache.
   if (s == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
@@ -147,10 +147,10 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) {
   return s;
 }
 
-VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int itable_index) {
+VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int itable_index, bool caller_is_c1) {
   // Read "A word on VtableStub sizing" in share/code/vtableStubs.hpp for details on stub sizing.
   const int stub_code_length = code_size_limit(false);
-  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(false, itable_index);
+  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(false, itable_index, caller_is_c1);
   // Can be null if there is no free space in the code cache.
   if (s == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_CodeStubs_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_CodeStubs_x86.cpp
index 9a4044a4f0c..d0b23777ae9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_CodeStubs_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_CodeStubs_x86.cpp
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
 #include "nativeInst_x86.hpp"
+#include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
@@ -115,6 +116,79 @@ void DivByZeroStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
 }
 
 
+// Implementation of LoadFlattenedArrayStub
+
+LoadFlattenedArrayStub::LoadFlattenedArrayStub(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr index, LIR_Opr result, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  _array = array;
+  _index = index;
+  _result = result;
+  // Tell the register allocator that the runtime call will scratch rax.
+  _scratch_reg = FrameMap::rax_oop_opr;
+  _info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
+}
+
+void LoadFlattenedArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
+  assert(__ rsp_offset() == 0, "frame size should be fixed");
+  __ bind(_entry);
+  ce->store_parameter(_array->as_register(), 1);
+  ce->store_parameter(_index->as_register(), 0);
+  __ call(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_load_flat_array_id)));
+  ce->add_call_info_here(_info);
+  ce->verify_oop_map(_info);
+  if (_result->as_register() != rax) {
+    __ movptr(_result->as_register(), rax);
+  }
+  __ jmp(_continuation);
+}
+
+
+// Implementation of StoreFlattenedArrayStub
+
+StoreFlattenedArrayStub::StoreFlattenedArrayStub(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr index, LIR_Opr value, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  _array = array;
+  _index = index;
+  _value = value;
+  // Tell the register allocator that the runtime call will scratch rax.
+  _scratch_reg = FrameMap::rax_oop_opr;
+  _info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
+}
+
+
+void StoreFlattenedArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
+  assert(__ rsp_offset() == 0, "frame size should be fixed");
+  __ bind(_entry);
+  ce->store_parameter(_array->as_register(), 2);
+  ce->store_parameter(_index->as_register(), 1);
+  ce->store_parameter(_value->as_register(), 0);
+  __ call(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_store_flat_array_id)));
+  ce->add_call_info_here(_info);
+  ce->verify_oop_map(_info);
+  __ jmp(_continuation);
+}
+
+
+// Implementation of SubstitutabilityCheckStub
+
+SubstitutabilityCheckStub::SubstitutabilityCheckStub(LIR_Opr left, LIR_Opr right, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  _left = left;
+  _right = right;
+  // Tell the register allocator that the runtime call will scratch rax.
+  _scratch_reg = FrameMap::rax_oop_opr;
+  _info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
+}
+
+void SubstitutabilityCheckStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
+  assert(__ rsp_offset() == 0, "frame size should be fixed");
+  __ bind(_entry);
+  ce->store_parameter(_left->as_register(), 1);
+  ce->store_parameter(_right->as_register(), 0);
+  __ call(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_substitutability_check_id)));
+  ce->add_call_info_here(_info);
+  ce->verify_oop_map(_info);
+  __ jmp(_continuation);
+}
+
+
 // Implementation of NewInstanceStub
 
 NewInstanceStub::NewInstanceStub(LIR_Opr klass_reg, LIR_Opr result, ciInstanceKlass* klass, CodeEmitInfo* info, StubId stub_id) {
@@ -167,11 +241,13 @@ void NewTypeArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
 
 // Implementation of NewObjectArrayStub
 
-NewObjectArrayStub::NewObjectArrayStub(LIR_Opr klass_reg, LIR_Opr length, LIR_Opr result, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+NewObjectArrayStub::NewObjectArrayStub(LIR_Opr klass_reg, LIR_Opr length, LIR_Opr result,
+                                       CodeEmitInfo* info, bool is_null_free) {
   _klass_reg = klass_reg;
   _result = result;
   _length = length;
   _info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
+  _is_null_free = is_null_free;
 }
 
 
@@ -180,7 +256,11 @@ void NewObjectArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
   __ bind(_entry);
   assert(_length->as_register() == rbx, "length must in rbx,");
   assert(_klass_reg->as_register() == rdx, "klass_reg must in rdx");
-  __ call(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_new_object_array_id)));
+  if (_is_null_free) {
+    __ call(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_new_null_free_array_id)));
+  } else {
+    __ call(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_new_object_array_id)));
+  }
   ce->add_call_info_here(_info);
   ce->verify_oop_map(_info);
   assert(_result->as_register() == rax, "result must in rax,");
@@ -190,6 +270,15 @@ void NewObjectArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
 void MonitorEnterStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
   assert(__ rsp_offset() == 0, "frame size should be fixed");
   __ bind(_entry);
+  if (_throw_ie_stub != nullptr) {
+    // When we come here, _obj_reg has already been checked to be non-null.
+    const int is_value_mask = markWord::inline_type_pattern;
+    Register mark = _scratch_reg->as_register();
+    __ movptr(mark, Address(_obj_reg->as_register(), oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    __ andptr(mark, is_value_mask);
+    __ cmpl(mark, is_value_mask);
+    __ jcc(Assembler::equal, *_throw_ie_stub->entry());
+  }
   ce->store_parameter(_obj_reg->as_register(),  1);
   ce->store_parameter(_lock_reg->as_register(), 0);
   StubId enter_id;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRAssembler_x86.cpp
index 1f660d6d349..9e89bbed6fb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -31,12 +31,15 @@
 #include "c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp"
 #include "c1/c1_ValueStack.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciInstance.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
 #include "compiler/oopMap.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/gc_globals.hpp"
 #include "nativeInst_x86.hpp"
+#include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/safepointMechanism.hpp"
@@ -424,7 +427,7 @@ int LIR_Assembler::emit_unwind_handler() {
   }
 
   // remove the activation and dispatch to the unwind handler
-  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes());
+  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes(), needs_stack_repair());
   __ jump(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_unwind_exception_id)));
 
   // Emit the slow path assembly
@@ -469,9 +472,53 @@ void LIR_Assembler::return_op(LIR_Opr result, C1SafepointPollStub* code_stub) {
   if (!result->is_illegal() && result->is_float_kind() && !result->is_xmm_register()) {
     assert(result->fpu() == 0, "result must already be on TOS");
   }
+  if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+  #ifndef _LP64
+     Unimplemented();
+  #endif
+    // Check if we are returning a non-null inline type and load its fields into registers
+    ciType* return_type = compilation()->method()->return_type();
+    if (return_type->is_inlinetype()) {
+      ciInlineKlass* vk = return_type->as_inline_klass();
+      if (vk->can_be_returned_as_fields()) {
+        address unpack_handler = vk->unpack_handler();
+        assert(unpack_handler != nullptr, "must be");
+        __ call(RuntimeAddress(unpack_handler));
+      }
+    } else if (return_type->is_instance_klass() && (!return_type->is_loaded() || StressCallingConvention)) {
+      Label skip;
+      Label not_null;
+      __ testptr(rax, rax);
+      __ jcc(Assembler::notZero, not_null);
+      // Returned value is null, zero all return registers because they may belong to oop fields
+      __ xorq(j_rarg1, j_rarg1);
+      __ xorq(j_rarg2, j_rarg2);
+      __ xorq(j_rarg3, j_rarg3);
+      __ xorq(j_rarg4, j_rarg4);
+      __ xorq(j_rarg5, j_rarg5);
+      __ jmp(skip);
+      __ bind(not_null);
+
+      // Check if we are returning a non-null inline type and load its fields into registers
+      __ test_oop_is_not_inline_type(rax, rscratch1, skip, /* can_be_null= */ false);
+
+      // Load fields from a buffered value with an inline class specific handler
+      __ load_klass(rdi, rax, rscratch1);
+      __ movptr(rdi, Address(rdi, InlineKlass::adr_members_offset()));
+      __ movptr(rdi, Address(rdi, InlineKlass::unpack_handler_offset()));
+      // Unpack handler can be null if inline type is not scalarizable in returns
+      __ testptr(rdi, rdi);
+      __ jcc(Assembler::zero, skip);
+      __ call(rdi);
+
+      __ bind(skip);
+    }
+    // At this point, rax points to the value object (for interpreter or C1 caller).
+    // The fields of the object are copied into registers (for C2 caller).
+  }
 
   // Pop the stack before the safepoint code
-  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes());
+  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes(), needs_stack_repair());
 
   if (StackReservedPages > 0 && compilation()->has_reserved_stack_access()) {
     __ reserved_stack_check();
@@ -487,6 +534,10 @@ void LIR_Assembler::return_op(LIR_Opr result, C1SafepointPollStub* code_stub) {
 }
 
 
+int LIR_Assembler::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(ciInlineKlass* vk) {
+  return (__ store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(vk, false));
+}
+
 int LIR_Assembler::safepoint_poll(LIR_Opr tmp, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
   guarantee(info != nullptr, "Shouldn't be null");
   int offset = __ offset();
@@ -1249,7 +1300,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_alloc_array(LIR_OpAllocArray* op) {
   Register len =  op->len()->as_register();
   __ movslq(len, len);
 
-  if (UseSlowPath ||
+  if (UseSlowPath || op->always_slow_path() ||
       (!UseFastNewObjectArray && is_reference_type(op->type())) ||
       (!UseFastNewTypeArray   && !is_reference_type(op->type()))) {
     __ jmp(*op->stub()->entry());
@@ -1324,24 +1375,26 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_typecheck_helper(LIR_OpTypeCheck *op, Label* success, L
 
   assert_different_registers(obj, k_RInfo, klass_RInfo);
 
-  __ testptr(obj, obj);
-  if (op->should_profile()) {
-    Label not_null;
-    Register mdo  = klass_RInfo;
-    __ mov_metadata(mdo, md->constant_encoding());
-    __ jccb(Assembler::notEqual, not_null);
-    // Object is null; update MDO and exit
-    Address data_addr(mdo, md->byte_offset_of_slot(data, DataLayout::flags_offset()));
-    int header_bits = BitData::null_seen_byte_constant();
-    __ orb(data_addr, header_bits);
-    __ jmp(*obj_is_null);
-    __ bind(not_null);
+  if (op->need_null_check()) {
+    __ testptr(obj, obj);
+    if (op->should_profile()) {
+      Label not_null;
+      Register mdo  = klass_RInfo;
+      __ mov_metadata(mdo, md->constant_encoding());
+      __ jccb(Assembler::notEqual, not_null);
+      // Object is null; update MDO and exit
+      Address data_addr(mdo, md->byte_offset_of_slot(data, DataLayout::flags_offset()));
+      int header_bits = BitData::null_seen_byte_constant();
+      __ orb(data_addr, header_bits);
+      __ jmp(*obj_is_null);
+      __ bind(not_null);
 
     Register recv = k_RInfo;
     __ load_klass(recv, obj, tmp_load_klass);
     type_profile_helper(mdo, md, data, recv);
-  } else {
-    __ jcc(Assembler::equal, *obj_is_null);
+    } else {
+      __ jcc(Assembler::equal, *obj_is_null);
+    }
   }
 
   if (!k->is_loaded()) {
@@ -1352,6 +1405,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_typecheck_helper(LIR_OpTypeCheck *op, Label* success, L
   __ verify_oop(obj);
 
   if (op->fast_check()) {
+    assert(!k->is_loaded() || !k->is_obj_array_klass(), "Use refined array for a direct pointer comparison");
     // get object class
     // not a safepoint as obj null check happens earlier
     __ load_klass(Rtmp1, obj, tmp_load_klass);
@@ -1372,7 +1426,18 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_typecheck_helper(LIR_OpTypeCheck *op, Label* success, L
         // See if we get an immediate positive hit
         __ jcc(Assembler::equal, *success_target);
         // check for self
-        __ cmpptr(klass_RInfo, k_RInfo);
+        if (k->is_loaded() && k->is_obj_array_klass()) {
+          // For a direct pointer comparison, we need the refined array klass pointer
+          ciKlass* k_refined = ciObjArrayKlass::make(k->as_obj_array_klass()->element_klass());
+          if (!k_refined->is_loaded()) {
+            bailout("encountered unloaded_ciobjarrayklass due to out of memory error");
+            return;
+          }
+          __ mov_metadata(tmp_load_klass, k_refined->constant_encoding());
+          __ cmpptr(klass_RInfo, tmp_load_klass);
+        } else {
+          __ cmpptr(klass_RInfo, k_RInfo);
+        }
         __ jcc(Assembler::equal, *success_target);
 
         __ push_ppx(klass_RInfo);
@@ -1502,6 +1567,92 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_opTypeCheck(LIR_OpTypeCheck* op) {
 
 }
 
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_opFlattenedArrayCheck(LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck* op) {
+  // We are loading/storing from/to an array that *may* be a flat array (the
+  // declared type is Object[], abstract[], interface[] or VT.ref[]).
+  // If this array is a flat array, take the slow path.
+  __ test_flat_array_oop(op->array()->as_register(), op->tmp()->as_register(), *op->stub()->entry());
+}
+
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_opNullFreeArrayCheck(LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck* op) {
+  // We are storing into an array that *may* be null-free (the declared type is
+  // Object[], abstract[], interface[] or VT.ref[]).
+  Label test_mark_word;
+  Register tmp = op->tmp()->as_register();
+  __ movptr(tmp, Address(op->array()->as_register(), oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+  __ testl(tmp, markWord::unlocked_value);
+  __ jccb(Assembler::notZero, test_mark_word);
+  __ load_prototype_header(tmp, op->array()->as_register(), rscratch1);
+  __ bind(test_mark_word);
+  __ testl(tmp, markWord::null_free_array_bit_in_place);
+}
+
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_opSubstitutabilityCheck(LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck* op) {
+  Label L_oops_equal;
+  Label L_oops_not_equal;
+  Label L_end;
+
+  Register left  = op->left()->as_register();
+  Register right = op->right()->as_register();
+
+  __ cmpptr(left, right);
+  __ jcc(Assembler::equal, L_oops_equal);
+
+  // (1) Null check -- if one of the operands is null, the other must not be null (because
+  //     the two references are not equal), so they are not substitutable,
+  __ testptr(left, left);
+  __ jcc(Assembler::zero, L_oops_not_equal);
+  __ testptr(right, right);
+  __ jcc(Assembler::zero, L_oops_not_equal);
+
+  ciKlass* left_klass = op->left_klass();
+  ciKlass* right_klass = op->right_klass();
+
+  // (2) Inline type check -- if either of the operands is not an inline type,
+  //     they are not substitutable. We do this only if we are not sure that the
+  //     operands are inline type
+  if ((left_klass == nullptr || right_klass == nullptr) ||// The klass is still unloaded, or came from a Phi node.
+      !left_klass->is_inlinetype() || !right_klass->is_inlinetype()) {
+    Register tmp = op->tmp1()->as_register();
+    __ movptr(tmp, (intptr_t)markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+    __ andptr(tmp, Address(left, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    __ andptr(tmp, Address(right, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    __ cmpptr(tmp, (intptr_t)markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+    __ jcc(Assembler::notEqual, L_oops_not_equal);
+  }
+
+  // (3) Same klass check: if the operands are of different klasses, they are not substitutable.
+  if (left_klass != nullptr && left_klass->is_inlinetype() && left_klass == right_klass) {
+    // No need to load klass -- the operands are statically known to be the same inline klass.
+    __ jmp(*op->stub()->entry());
+  } else {
+    Register tmp1 = op->tmp1()->as_register();
+    Register tmp2 = op->tmp2()->as_register();
+    if (left == right) { // same operand, so clearly the same klasses, let's save the check
+      __ jmp (*op->stub()->entry());  //  -> do slow check
+    } else {
+      __ cmp_klasses_from_objects(left, right, tmp1, tmp2);
+      __ jcc(Assembler::equal, *op->stub()->entry()); // same klass -> do slow check
+    }
+    // fall through to L_oops_not_equal
+  }
+
+  __ bind(L_oops_not_equal);
+  move(op->not_equal_result(), op->result_opr());
+  __ jmp(L_end);
+
+  // We've returned from the stub. RAX contains 0x0 IFF the two
+  // operands are not substitutable. (Don't compare against 0x1 in case the
+  // C compiler is naughty)
+  __ bind(*op->stub()->continuation());
+  __ cmpl(rax, 0);
+  __ jcc(Assembler::equal, L_oops_not_equal); // (call_stub() == 0x0) -> not_equal
+
+  __ bind(L_oops_equal);
+  move(op->equal_result(), op->result_opr()); // (call_stub() != 0x0) -> equal
+  // fall-through
+  __ bind(L_end);
+}
 
 void LIR_Assembler::emit_compare_and_swap(LIR_OpCompareAndSwap* op) {
   if (op->code() == lir_cas_int || op->code() == lir_cas_obj) {
@@ -1547,6 +1698,21 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_compare_and_swap(LIR_OpCompareAndSwap* op) {
   }
 }
 
+void LIR_Assembler::move(LIR_Opr src, LIR_Opr dst) {
+  assert(dst->is_cpu_register(), "must be");
+  assert(dst->type() == src->type(), "must be");
+
+  if (src->is_cpu_register()) {
+    reg2reg(src, dst);
+  } else if (src->is_stack()) {
+    stack2reg(src, dst, dst->type());
+  } else if (src->is_constant()) {
+    const2reg(src, dst, lir_patch_none, nullptr);
+  } else {
+    ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+}
+
 void LIR_Assembler::cmove(LIR_Condition condition, LIR_Opr opr1, LIR_Opr opr2, LIR_Opr result, BasicType type,
                           LIR_Opr cmp_opr1, LIR_Opr cmp_opr2) {
   assert(cmp_opr1 == LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr && cmp_opr2 == LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr, "unnecessary cmp oprs on x86");
@@ -2157,14 +2323,14 @@ void LIR_Assembler::call(LIR_OpJavaCall* op, relocInfo::relocType rtype) {
   assert((__ offset() + NativeCall::displacement_offset) % BytesPerWord == 0,
          "must be aligned");
   __ call(AddressLiteral(op->addr(), rtype));
-  add_call_info(code_offset(), op->info());
+  add_call_info(code_offset(), op->info(), op->maybe_return_as_fields());
   __ post_call_nop();
 }
 
 
 void LIR_Assembler::ic_call(LIR_OpJavaCall* op) {
   __ ic_call(op->addr());
-  add_call_info(code_offset(), op->info());
+  add_call_info(code_offset(), op->info(), op->maybe_return_as_fields());
   assert((__ offset() - NativeCall::instruction_size + NativeCall::displacement_offset) % BytesPerWord == 0,
          "must be aligned");
   __ post_call_nop();
@@ -2331,6 +2497,20 @@ void LIR_Assembler::store_parameter(Metadata* m, int offset_from_rsp_in_words) {
 }
 
 
+void LIR_Assembler::arraycopy_inlinetype_check(Register obj, Register tmp, CodeStub* slow_path, bool is_dest, bool null_check) {
+  if (null_check) {
+    __ testptr(obj, obj);
+    __ jcc(Assembler::zero, *slow_path->entry());
+  }
+  if (is_dest) {
+    __ test_null_free_array_oop(obj, tmp, *slow_path->entry());
+    __ test_flat_array_oop(obj, tmp, *slow_path->entry());
+  } else {
+    __ test_flat_array_oop(obj, tmp, *slow_path->entry());
+  }
+}
+
+
 // This code replaces a call to arraycopy; no exception may
 // be thrown in this code, they must be thrown in the System.arraycopy
 // activation frame; we could save some checks if this would not be the case
@@ -2350,6 +2530,12 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_arraycopy(LIR_OpArrayCopy* op) {
   BasicType basic_type = default_type != nullptr ? default_type->element_type()->basic_type() : T_ILLEGAL;
   if (is_reference_type(basic_type)) basic_type = T_OBJECT;
 
+  if (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::always_slow_path) {
+    __ jmp(*stub->entry());
+    __ bind(*stub->continuation());
+    return;
+  }
+
   // if we don't know anything, just go through the generic arraycopy
   if (default_type == nullptr) {
     // save outgoing arguments on stack in case call to System.arraycopy is needed
@@ -2426,6 +2612,14 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_arraycopy(LIR_OpArrayCopy* op) {
     return;
   }
 
+  // Handle inline type arrays
+  if (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::src_inlinetype_check) {
+    arraycopy_inlinetype_check(src, tmp, stub, false, (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::src_null_check));
+  }
+  if (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::dst_inlinetype_check) {
+    arraycopy_inlinetype_check(dst, tmp, stub, true, (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::dst_null_check));
+  }
+
   assert(default_type != nullptr && default_type->is_array_klass() && default_type->is_loaded(), "must be true at this point");
 
   int elem_size = type2aelembytes(basic_type);
@@ -2963,6 +3157,27 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_profile_type(LIR_OpProfileType* op) {
   __ bind(next);
 }
 
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_profile_inline_type(LIR_OpProfileInlineType* op) {
+  Register obj = op->obj()->as_register();
+  Register tmp = op->tmp()->as_pointer_register();
+  Address mdo_addr = as_Address(op->mdp()->as_address_ptr());
+  bool not_null = op->not_null();
+  int flag = op->flag();
+
+  Label not_inline_type;
+  if (!not_null) {
+    __ testptr(obj, obj);
+    __ jccb(Assembler::zero, not_inline_type);
+  }
+
+  __ test_oop_is_not_inline_type(obj, tmp, not_inline_type);
+
+  __ orb(mdo_addr, flag);
+
+  __ bind(not_inline_type);
+}
+
+
 void LIR_Assembler::monitor_address(int monitor_no, LIR_Opr dst) {
   __ lea(dst->as_register(), frame_map()->address_for_monitor_lock(monitor_no));
 }
@@ -3148,6 +3363,9 @@ void LIR_Assembler::get_thread(LIR_Opr result_reg) {
   __ mov(result_reg->as_register(), r15_thread);
 }
 
+void LIR_Assembler::check_orig_pc() {
+  __ cmpptr(frame_map()->address_for_orig_pc_addr(), NULL_WORD);
+}
 
 void LIR_Assembler::peephole(LIR_List*) {
   // do nothing for now
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRAssembler_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRAssembler_x86.hpp
index 6f179255e4a..ed9105fabc0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRAssembler_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRAssembler_x86.hpp
@@ -51,6 +51,9 @@
     _deopt_handler_size = 7
   };
 
+  void arraycopy_inlinetype_check(Register obj, Register tmp, CodeStub* slow_path, bool is_dest, bool null_check);
+  void move(LIR_Opr src, LIR_Opr dst);
+
 public:
 
   void store_parameter(Register r,  int offset_from_esp_in_words);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRGenerator_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRGenerator_x86.cpp
index cc068cda7a9..95de5906b62 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRGenerator_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRGenerator_x86.cpp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp"
 #include "c1/c1_ValueStack.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciArray.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciTypeArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/c1/barrierSetC1.hpp"
@@ -286,12 +287,18 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_MonitorEnter(MonitorEnter* x) {
   if (x->needs_null_check()) {
     info_for_exception = state_for(x);
   }
+
+  CodeStub* throw_ie_stub = x->maybe_inlinetype() ?
+      new SimpleExceptionStub(StubId::c1_throw_identity_exception_id,
+                              obj.result(), state_for(x))
+    : nullptr;
+
   // this CodeEmitInfo must not have the xhandlers because here the
   // object is already locked (xhandlers expect object to be unlocked)
   CodeEmitInfo* info = state_for(x, x->state(), true);
   LIR_Opr tmp = new_register(T_ADDRESS);
   monitor_enter(obj.result(), lock, syncTempOpr(), tmp,
-                        x->monitor_no(), info_for_exception, info);
+                x->monitor_no(), info_for_exception, info, throw_ie_stub);
 }
 
 
@@ -1129,19 +1136,19 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_Convert(Convert* x) {
 void LIRGenerator::do_NewInstance(NewInstance* x) {
   print_if_not_loaded(x);
 
-  CodeEmitInfo* info = state_for(x, x->state());
+  CodeEmitInfo* info = state_for(x, x->needs_state_before() ? x->state_before() : x->state());
   LIR_Opr reg = result_register_for(x->type());
   new_instance(reg, x->klass(), x->is_unresolved(),
-                       FrameMap::rcx_oop_opr,
-                       FrameMap::rdi_oop_opr,
-                       FrameMap::rsi_oop_opr,
-                       LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr,
-                       FrameMap::rdx_metadata_opr, info);
+               !x->is_unresolved() && x->klass()->is_inlinetype(),
+               FrameMap::rcx_oop_opr,
+               FrameMap::rdi_oop_opr,
+               FrameMap::rsi_oop_opr,
+               LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr,
+               FrameMap::rdx_metadata_opr, info);
   LIR_Opr result = rlock_result(x);
   __ move(reg, result);
 }
 
-
 void LIRGenerator::do_NewTypeArray(NewTypeArray* x) {
   CodeEmitInfo* info = nullptr;
   if (x->state_before() != nullptr && x->state_before()->force_reexecute()) {
@@ -1194,13 +1201,19 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_NewObjectArray(NewObjectArray* x) {
   length.load_item_force(FrameMap::rbx_opr);
   LIR_Opr len = length.result();
 
-  CodeStub* slow_path = new NewObjectArrayStub(klass_reg, len, reg, info);
-  ciKlass* obj = (ciKlass*) ciObjArrayKlass::make(x->klass());
+  ciKlass* obj = ciObjArrayKlass::make(x->klass());
+
+  // TODO 8265122 Implement a fast path for this
+  bool is_flat = obj->is_loaded() && obj->is_flat_array_klass();
+  bool is_null_free = obj->is_loaded() && obj->as_array_klass()->is_elem_null_free();
+
+  CodeStub* slow_path = new NewObjectArrayStub(klass_reg, len, reg, info, is_null_free);
   if (obj == ciEnv::unloaded_ciobjarrayklass()) {
     BAILOUT("encountered unloaded_ciobjarrayklass due to out of memory error");
   }
   klass2reg_with_patching(klass_reg, obj, patching_info);
-  __ allocate_array(reg, len, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, tmp4, T_OBJECT, klass_reg, slow_path);
+  bool always_slow_path = is_null_free || is_flat;
+  __ allocate_array(reg, len, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, tmp4, T_OBJECT, klass_reg, slow_path, true /*zero_array*/, always_slow_path);
 
   LIR_Opr result = rlock_result(x);
   __ move(reg, result);
@@ -1295,7 +1308,7 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_CheckCast(CheckCast* x) {
   __ checkcast(reg, obj.result(), x->klass(),
                new_register(objectType), new_register(objectType), tmp3,
                x->direct_compare(), info_for_exception, patching_info, stub,
-               x->profiled_method(), x->profiled_bci());
+               x->profiled_method(), x->profiled_bci(), x->is_null_free());
 }
 
 
@@ -1349,7 +1362,7 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_If(If* x) {
   if (tag == longTag && yin->is_constant() && yin->get_jlong_constant() == 0 && (cond == If::eql || cond == If::neq)) {
     // inline long zero
     yin->dont_load_item();
-  } else if (tag == longTag || tag == floatTag || tag == doubleTag) {
+  } else if (tag == longTag || tag == floatTag || tag == doubleTag || x->substitutability_check()) {
     // longs cannot handle constants at right side
     yin->load_item();
   } else {
@@ -1369,7 +1382,11 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_If(If* x) {
     __ safepoint(safepoint_poll_register(), state_for(x, x->state_before()));
   }
 
-  __ cmp(lir_cond(cond), left, right);
+  if (x->substitutability_check()) {
+    substitutability_check(x, *xin, *yin);
+  } else {
+    __ cmp(lir_cond(cond), left, right);
+  }
   // Generate branch profiling. Profiling code doesn't kill flags.
   profile_branch(x, cond);
   move_to_phi(x->state());
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp
index 7adaea48ff1..0f77923fd85 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -33,7 +33,9 @@
 #include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
 #include "oops/arrayOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/markWord.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/basicLock.hpp"
+#include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/globals.hpp"
 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
@@ -82,13 +84,21 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::try_allocate(Register obj, Register var_size_in_bytes, i
 
 void C1_MacroAssembler::initialize_header(Register obj, Register klass, Register len, Register t1, Register t2) {
   assert_different_registers(obj, klass, len, t1, t2);
-  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders || Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    // COH: Markword contains class pointer which is only known at runtime.
+    // Valhalla: Could have value class which has a different prototype header to a normal object.
+    // In both cases, we need to fetch dynamically.
     movptr(t1, Address(klass, Klass::prototype_header_offset()));
     movptr(Address(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()), t1);
-  } else { // Take care not to kill klass
+  } else {
+    // Otherwise: Can use the statically computed prototype header which is the same for every object.
     movptr(Address(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()), checked_cast<int32_t>(markWord::prototype().value()));
+  }
+  if (!UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+    // COH: Markword already contains class pointer. Nothing else to do.
+    // Otherwise: Store encoded klass pointer following the markword
     movptr(t1, klass);
-    encode_klass_not_null(t1, rscratch1);
+    encode_klass_not_null(t1, rscratch1); // Take care not to kill klass
     movl(Address(obj, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()), t1);
   }
 
@@ -219,30 +229,53 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::allocate_array(Register obj, Register len, Register t1,
   verify_oop(obj);
 }
 
-void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes) {
-  assert(bang_size_in_bytes >= frame_size_in_bytes, "stack bang size incorrect");
+void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame_helper(int frame_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, int sp_inc, bool reset_orig_pc, bool needs_stack_repair) {
+  push(rbp);
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  if (sp_inc > 0) {
+    movl(Address(rsp, 0), badRegWordVal);
+    movl(Address(rsp, VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size), badRegWordVal);
+  }
+#endif
+  if (PreserveFramePointer) {
+    mov(rbp, rsp);
+  }
+  decrement(rsp, frame_size_in_bytes);
+
+  if (needs_stack_repair) {
+    // Save stack increment (also account for fixed framesize and rbp)
+    assert((sp_inc & (StackAlignmentInBytes-1)) == 0, "stack increment not aligned");
+    int real_frame_size = sp_inc + frame_size_in_bytes;
+    movptr(Address(rsp, frame_size_in_bytes - wordSize), real_frame_size);
+  }
+  if (reset_orig_pc) {
+    // Zero orig_pc to detect deoptimization during buffering in the entry points
+    movptr(Address(rsp, sp_offset_for_orig_pc), 0);
+  }
+}
+
+void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes,
+                                    int sp_offset_for_orig_pc,
+                                    bool needs_stack_repair, bool has_scalarized_args,
+                                    Label* verified_inline_entry_label) {
   // Make sure there is enough stack space for this method's activation.
   // Note that we do this before doing an enter(). This matches the
   // ordering of C2's stack overflow check / rsp decrement and allows
   // the SharedRuntime stack overflow handling to be consistent
   // between the two compilers.
+  assert(bang_size_in_bytes >= frame_size_in_bytes, "stack bang size incorrect");
   generate_stack_overflow_check(bang_size_in_bytes);
 
-  push(rbp);
-  if (PreserveFramePointer) {
-    mov(rbp, rsp);
-  }
-  decrement(rsp, frame_size_in_bytes); // does not emit code for frame_size == 0
+  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, 0, has_scalarized_args, needs_stack_repair);
 
   BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
   // C1 code is not hot enough to micro optimize the nmethod entry barrier with an out-of-line stub
   bs->nmethod_entry_barrier(this, nullptr /* slow_path */, nullptr /* continuation */);
-}
-
 
-void C1_MacroAssembler::remove_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes) {
-  increment(rsp, frame_size_in_bytes);  // Does not emit code for frame_size == 0
-  pop(rbp);
+  if (verified_inline_entry_label != nullptr) {
+    // Jump here from the scalarized entry points that already created the frame.
+    bind(*verified_inline_entry_label);
+  }
 }
 
 
@@ -251,6 +284,63 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::verified_entry(bool breakAtEntry) {
   // build frame
 }
 
+int C1_MacroAssembler::scalarized_entry(const CompiledEntrySignature* ces, int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, Label& verified_inline_entry_label, bool is_inline_ro_entry) {
+  assert(InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, "sanity");
+  // Make sure there is enough stack space for this method's activation.
+  assert(bang_size_in_bytes >= frame_size_in_bytes, "stack bang size incorrect");
+  generate_stack_overflow_check(bang_size_in_bytes);
+
+  GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig    = ces->sig();
+  GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_cc = is_inline_ro_entry ? ces->sig_cc_ro() : ces->sig_cc();
+  VMRegPair* regs      = ces->regs();
+  VMRegPair* regs_cc   = is_inline_ro_entry ? ces->regs_cc_ro() : ces->regs_cc();
+  int args_on_stack    = ces->args_on_stack();
+  int args_on_stack_cc = is_inline_ro_entry ? ces->args_on_stack_cc_ro() : ces->args_on_stack_cc();
+
+  assert(sig->length() <= sig_cc->length(), "Zero-sized inline class not allowed!");
+  BasicType* sig_bt = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(BasicType, sig_cc->length());
+  int args_passed = sig->length();
+  int args_passed_cc = SigEntry::fill_sig_bt(sig_cc, sig_bt);
+
+  // Create a temp frame so we can call into the runtime. It must be properly set up to accommodate GC.
+  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, 0, true, ces->c1_needs_stack_repair());
+
+  // The runtime call might safepoint, make sure nmethod entry barrier is executed
+  BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
+  // C1 code is not hot enough to micro optimize the nmethod entry barrier with an out-of-line stub
+  bs->nmethod_entry_barrier(this, nullptr /* slow_path */, nullptr /* continuation */);
+
+  movptr(rbx, (intptr_t)(ces->method()));
+  if (is_inline_ro_entry) {
+    call(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_no_receiver_id)));
+  } else {
+    call(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_id)));
+  }
+  int rt_call_offset = offset();
+
+  // Remove the temp frame
+  addptr(rsp, frame_size_in_bytes);
+  pop(rbp);
+
+  // Check if we need to extend the stack for packing
+  int sp_inc = 0;
+  if (args_on_stack > args_on_stack_cc) {
+    sp_inc = extend_stack_for_inline_args(args_on_stack);
+  }
+
+  shuffle_inline_args(true, is_inline_ro_entry, sig_cc,
+                      args_passed_cc, args_on_stack_cc, regs_cc, // from
+                      args_passed, args_on_stack, regs,          // to
+                      sp_inc, rax);
+
+  // Create the real frame. Below jump will then skip over the stack banging and frame
+  // setup code in the verified_inline_entry (which has a different real_frame_size).
+  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, sp_inc, false, ces->c1_needs_stack_repair());
+
+  jmp(verified_inline_entry_label);
+  return rt_call_offset;
+}
+
 void C1_MacroAssembler::load_parameter(int offset_in_words, Register reg) {
   // rbp, + 0: link
   //     + 1: return address
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_Runtime1_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_Runtime1_x86.cpp
index 96439c71990..20b6ee0a15f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_Runtime1_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_Runtime1_x86.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -882,6 +882,7 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
 
     case StubId::c1_new_type_array_id:
     case StubId::c1_new_object_array_id:
+    case StubId::c1_new_null_free_array_id:
       {
         Register length   = rbx; // Incoming
         Register klass    = rdx; // Incoming
@@ -889,8 +890,10 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
 
         if (id == StubId::c1_new_type_array_id) {
           __ set_info("new_type_array", dont_gc_arguments);
-        } else {
+        } else if (id == StubId::c1_new_object_array_id) {
           __ set_info("new_object_array", dont_gc_arguments);
+        } else {
+          __ set_info("new_null_free_array", dont_gc_arguments);
         }
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
@@ -900,12 +903,28 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
           Register t0 = obj;
           __ movl(t0, Address(klass, Klass::layout_helper_offset()));
           __ sarl(t0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_shift);
-          int tag = ((id == StubId::c1_new_type_array_id)
-                     ? Klass::_lh_array_tag_type_value
-                     : Klass::_lh_array_tag_obj_value);
-          __ cmpl(t0, tag);
-          __ jcc(Assembler::equal, ok);
-          __ stop("assert(is an array klass)");
+          switch (id) {
+          case StubId::c1_new_type_array_id:
+            __ cmpl(t0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_type_value);
+            __ jcc(Assembler::equal, ok);
+            __ stop("assert(is a type array klass)");
+            break;
+          case StubId::c1_new_object_array_id:
+            __ cmpl(t0, (Klass::_lh_array_tag_ref_value)); // new "[Ljava/lang/Object;"
+            __ jcc(Assembler::equal, ok);
+            __ cmpl(t0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_flat_value);  // new "[LVT;"
+            __ jcc(Assembler::equal, ok);
+            __ stop("assert(is an object or inline type array klass)");
+            break;
+          case StubId::c1_new_null_free_array_id:
+            __ cmpl(t0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_flat_value);  // the array can be a flat array.
+            __ jcc(Assembler::equal, ok);
+            __ cmpl(t0, (Klass::_lh_array_tag_ref_value)); // the array cannot be a flat array (due to InlineArrayElementMaxFlatSize, etc)
+            __ jcc(Assembler::equal, ok);
+            __ stop("assert(is an object or inline type array klass)");
+            break;
+          default:  ShouldNotReachHere();
+          }
           __ should_not_reach_here();
           __ bind(ok);
         }
@@ -916,8 +935,11 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
         int call_offset;
         if (id == StubId::c1_new_type_array_id) {
           call_offset = __ call_RT(obj, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, new_type_array), klass, length);
-        } else {
+        } else if (id == StubId::c1_new_object_array_id) {
           call_offset = __ call_RT(obj, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, new_object_array), klass, length);
+        } else {
+          assert(id == StubId::c1_new_null_free_array_id, "must be");
+          call_offset = __ call_RT(obj, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, new_null_free_array), klass, length);
         }
 
         oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
@@ -949,6 +971,83 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
       }
       break;
 
+    case StubId::c1_load_flat_array_id:
+      {
+        StubFrame f(sasm, "load_flat_array", dont_gc_arguments);
+        OopMap* map = save_live_registers(sasm, 3);
+
+        // Called with store_parameter and not C abi
+
+        f.load_argument(1, rax); // rax,: array
+        f.load_argument(0, rbx); // rbx,: index
+        int call_offset = __ call_RT(rax, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, load_flat_array), rax, rbx);
+
+        oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+        oop_maps->add_gc_map(call_offset, map);
+        restore_live_registers_except_rax(sasm);
+
+        // rax,: loaded element at array[index]
+        __ verify_oop(rax);
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case StubId::c1_store_flat_array_id:
+      {
+        StubFrame f(sasm, "store_flat_array", dont_gc_arguments);
+        OopMap* map = save_live_registers(sasm, 4);
+
+        // Called with store_parameter and not C abi
+
+        f.load_argument(2, rax); // rax,: array
+        f.load_argument(1, rbx); // rbx,: index
+        f.load_argument(0, rcx); // rcx,: value
+        int call_offset = __ call_RT(noreg, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, store_flat_array), rax, rbx, rcx);
+
+        oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+        oop_maps->add_gc_map(call_offset, map);
+        restore_live_registers_except_rax(sasm);
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case StubId::c1_substitutability_check_id:
+      {
+        StubFrame f(sasm, "substitutability_check", dont_gc_arguments);
+        OopMap* map = save_live_registers(sasm, 3);
+
+        // Called with store_parameter and not C abi
+
+        f.load_argument(1, rax); // rax,: left
+        f.load_argument(0, rbx); // rbx,: right
+        int call_offset = __ call_RT(noreg, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, substitutability_check), rax, rbx);
+
+        oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+        oop_maps->add_gc_map(call_offset, map);
+        restore_live_registers_except_rax(sasm);
+
+        // rax,: are the two operands substitutable
+      }
+      break;
+
+
+    case StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_id:
+    case StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_no_receiver_id:
+      {
+        const char* name = (id == StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_id) ?
+          "buffer_inline_args" : "buffer_inline_args_no_receiver";
+        StubFrame f(sasm, name, dont_gc_arguments);
+        OopMap* map = save_live_registers(sasm, 2);
+        Register method = rbx;
+        address entry = (id == StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_id) ?
+          CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, buffer_inline_args) :
+          CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, buffer_inline_args_no_receiver);
+        int call_offset = __ call_RT(rax, noreg, entry, method);
+        oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+        oop_maps->add_gc_map(call_offset, map);
+        restore_live_registers_except_rax(sasm);
+        __ verify_oop(rax);  // rax: an array of buffered value objects
+      }
+      break;
+
     case StubId::c1_register_finalizer_id:
       {
         __ set_info("register_finalizer", dont_gc_arguments);
@@ -1042,11 +1141,23 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
       break;
 
     case StubId::c1_throw_incompatible_class_change_error_id:
-      { StubFrame f(sasm, "throw_incompatible_class_cast_exception", dont_gc_arguments);
+      { StubFrame f(sasm, "throw_incompatible_class_change_error", dont_gc_arguments);
         oop_maps = generate_exception_throw(sasm, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, throw_incompatible_class_change_error), false);
       }
       break;
 
+    case StubId::c1_throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception_id:
+      { StubFrame f(sasm, "throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception", dont_gc_arguments);
+        oop_maps = generate_exception_throw(sasm, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception), false);
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case StubId::c1_throw_identity_exception_id:
+      { StubFrame f(sasm, "throw_identity_exception", dont_gc_arguments);
+        oop_maps = generate_exception_throw(sasm, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, throw_identity_exception), true);
+      }
+      break;
+
     case StubId::c1_slow_subtype_check_id:
       {
         // Typical calling sequence:
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp
index 2e253ff142c..1d6d2c1bce3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -51,7 +51,30 @@
 #endif
 
 // C2 compiled method's prolog code.
-void C2_MacroAssembler::verified_entry(int framesize, int stack_bang_size, bool fp_mode_24b, bool is_stub) {
+// Beware! This sp_inc is NOT the same as the one mentioned in MacroAssembler::remove_frame but only the size
+// of the extension space + the additional copy of the return address. That means, it doesn't contain the
+// frame size (where the local and sp_inc are) and the saved RBP.
+void C2_MacroAssembler::verified_entry(Compile* C, int sp_inc) {
+  if (C->clinit_barrier_on_entry()) {
+    assert(VM_Version::supports_fast_class_init_checks(), "sanity");
+    assert(!C->method()->holder()->is_not_initialized(), "initialization should have been started");
+
+    Label L_skip_barrier;
+    Register klass = rscratch1;
+
+    mov_metadata(klass, C->method()->holder()->constant_encoding());
+    clinit_barrier(klass, &L_skip_barrier /*L_fast_path*/);
+
+    jump(RuntimeAddress(SharedRuntime::get_handle_wrong_method_stub())); // slow path
+
+    bind(L_skip_barrier);
+  }
+
+  int framesize = C->output()->frame_size_in_bytes();
+  int bangsize = C->output()->bang_size_in_bytes();
+  bool fp_mode_24b = false;
+  int stack_bang_size = C->output()->need_stack_bang(bangsize) ? bangsize : 0;
+
   assert(stack_bang_size >= framesize || stack_bang_size <= 0, "stack bang size incorrect");
 
   assert((framesize & (StackAlignmentInBytes-1)) == 0, "frame size not aligned");
@@ -70,6 +93,12 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::verified_entry(int framesize, int stack_bang_size, bool
     // We always push rbp, so that on return to interpreter rbp, will be
     // restored correctly and we can correct the stack.
     push(rbp);
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    if (sp_inc > 0) {
+      movl(Address(rsp, 0), badRegWordVal);
+      movl(Address(rsp, VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size), badRegWordVal);
+    }
+#endif
     // Save caller's stack pointer into RBP if the frame pointer is preserved.
     if (PreserveFramePointer) {
       mov(rbp, rsp);
@@ -87,6 +116,12 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::verified_entry(int framesize, int stack_bang_size, bool
     // Save RBP register now.
     framesize -= wordSize;
     movptr(Address(rsp, framesize), rbp);
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    if (sp_inc > 0) {
+      movl(Address(rsp, framesize), badRegWordVal);
+      movl(Address(rsp, framesize + VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size), badRegWordVal);
+    }
+#endif
     // Save caller's stack pointer into RBP if the frame pointer is preserved.
     if (PreserveFramePointer) {
       movptr(rbp, rsp);
@@ -96,6 +131,12 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::verified_entry(int framesize, int stack_bang_size, bool
     }
   }
 
+  if (C->needs_stack_repair()) {
+    // Save stack increment just below the saved rbp (also account for fixed framesize and rbp)
+    assert((sp_inc & (StackAlignmentInBytes-1)) == 0, "stack increment not aligned");
+    movptr(Address(rsp, framesize - wordSize), sp_inc + framesize);
+  }
+
   if (VerifyStackAtCalls) { // Majik cookie to verify stack depth
     framesize -= wordSize;
     movptr(Address(rsp, framesize), (int32_t)0xbadb100d);
@@ -114,23 +155,23 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::verified_entry(int framesize, int stack_bang_size, bool
     bind(L);
   }
 #endif
+}
 
-  if (!is_stub) {
-    BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
-    // We put the non-hot code of the nmethod entry barrier out-of-line in a stub.
-    Label dummy_slow_path;
-    Label dummy_continuation;
-    Label* slow_path = &dummy_slow_path;
-    Label* continuation = &dummy_continuation;
-    if (!Compile::current()->output()->in_scratch_emit_size()) {
-      // Use real labels from actual stub when not emitting code for the purpose of measuring its size
-      C2EntryBarrierStub* stub = new (Compile::current()->comp_arena()) C2EntryBarrierStub();
-      Compile::current()->output()->add_stub(stub);
-      slow_path = &stub->entry();
-      continuation = &stub->continuation();
-    }
-    bs->nmethod_entry_barrier(this, slow_path, continuation);
+void C2_MacroAssembler::entry_barrier() {
+  BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
+  // We put the non-hot code of the nmethod entry barrier out-of-line in a stub.
+  Label dummy_slow_path;
+  Label dummy_continuation;
+  Label* slow_path = &dummy_slow_path;
+  Label* continuation = &dummy_continuation;
+  if (!Compile::current()->output()->in_scratch_emit_size()) {
+    // Use real labels from actual stub when not emitting code for the purpose of measuring its size
+    C2EntryBarrierStub* stub = new (Compile::current()->comp_arena()) C2EntryBarrierStub();
+    Compile::current()->output()->add_stub(stub);
+    slow_path = &stub->entry();
+    continuation = &stub->continuation();
   }
+  bs->nmethod_entry_barrier(this, slow_path, continuation);
 }
 
 inline Assembler::AvxVectorLen C2_MacroAssembler::vector_length_encoding(int vlen_in_bytes) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.hpp
index 9b229ad7221..b6b3d4d3d63 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.hpp
@@ -29,8 +29,9 @@
 
 public:
   // C2 compiled method's prolog code.
-  void verified_entry(int framesize, int stack_bang_size, bool fp_mode_24b, bool is_stub);
+  void verified_entry(Compile* C, int sp_inc = 0);
 
+  void entry_barrier();
   Assembler::AvxVectorLen vector_length_encoding(int vlen_in_bytes);
 
   // Code used by cmpFastLock and cmpFastUnlock mach instructions in .ad file.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/continuationEntry_x86.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/continuationEntry_x86.inline.hpp
index 7d13a5200ea..263798cc711 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/continuationEntry_x86.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/continuationEntry_x86.inline.hpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
 #include "runtime/continuationEntry.hpp"
 
+#include "code/codeCache.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/registerMap.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/continuationFreezeThaw_x86.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/continuationFreezeThaw_x86.inline.hpp
index 7691a84a9fe..943b8e7f968 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/continuationFreezeThaw_x86.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/continuationFreezeThaw_x86.inline.hpp
@@ -57,22 +57,20 @@ inline frame FreezeBase::sender(const frame& f) {
   if (FKind::interpreted) {
     return frame(f.sender_sp(), f.interpreter_frame_sender_sp(), f.link(), f.sender_pc());
   }
-  intptr_t** link_addr = link_address<FKind>(f);
 
-  intptr_t* sender_sp = (intptr_t*)(link_addr + frame::sender_sp_offset); //  f.unextended_sp() + (fsize/wordSize); //
-  address sender_pc = (address) *(sender_sp-1);
-  assert(sender_sp != f.sp(), "must have changed");
+  frame::CompiledFramePointers cfp = f.compiled_frame_details();
 
   int slot = 0;
-  CodeBlob* sender_cb = CodeCache::find_blob_and_oopmap(sender_pc, slot);
+  CodeBlob* sender_cb = CodeCache::find_blob_and_oopmap(*cfp.sender_pc_addr, slot);
+
   return sender_cb != nullptr
-    ? frame(sender_sp, sender_sp, *link_addr, sender_pc, sender_cb,
-            slot == -1 ? nullptr : sender_cb->oop_map_for_slot(slot, sender_pc), false)
-    : frame(sender_sp, sender_sp, *link_addr, sender_pc);
+    ? frame(cfp.sender_sp, cfp.sender_sp, *cfp.saved_fp_addr, *cfp.sender_pc_addr, sender_cb,
+            slot == -1 ? nullptr : sender_cb->oop_map_for_slot(slot, *cfp.sender_pc_addr), false)
+    : frame(cfp.sender_sp, cfp.sender_sp, *cfp.saved_fp_addr, *cfp.sender_pc_addr);
 }
 
 template<typename FKind>
-frame FreezeBase::new_heap_frame(frame& f, frame& caller) {
+frame FreezeBase::new_heap_frame(frame& f, frame& caller, int size_adjust) {
   assert(FKind::is_instance(f), "");
   assert(!caller.is_interpreted_frame()
     || caller.unextended_sp() == (intptr_t*)caller.at(frame::interpreter_frame_last_sp_offset), "");
@@ -106,14 +104,14 @@ frame FreezeBase::new_heap_frame(frame& f, frame& caller) {
     fp = FKind::compiled ? *(intptr_t**)(f.sp() - frame::sender_sp_offset) : (intptr_t*)badAddressVal;
 
     int fsize = FKind::size(f);
-    sp = caller.unextended_sp() - fsize;
-    if (caller.is_interpreted_frame()) {
+    sp = caller.unextended_sp() - fsize - size_adjust;
+    if (caller.is_interpreted_frame() && size_adjust == 0) {
       // If the caller is interpreted, our stackargs are not supposed to overlap with it
       // so we make more room by moving sp down by argsize
       int argsize = FKind::stack_argsize(f);
       sp -= argsize;
+      caller.set_sp(sp + fsize);
     }
-    caller.set_sp(sp + fsize);
 
     assert(_cont.tail()->is_in_chunk(sp), "");
 
@@ -174,11 +172,12 @@ inline void FreezeBase::set_top_frame_metadata_pd(const frame& hf) {
   assert(frame_pc == ContinuationHelper::Frame::real_pc(hf), "");
 }
 
-inline void FreezeBase::patch_pd(frame& hf, const frame& caller) {
+inline void FreezeBase::patch_pd(frame& hf, const frame& caller, bool is_bottom_frame) {
   if (caller.is_interpreted_frame()) {
     assert(!caller.is_empty(), "");
     patch_callee_link_relative(caller, caller.fp());
-  } else {
+  } else if (is_bottom_frame && caller.pc() != nullptr) {
+    assert(caller.is_compiled_frame(), "");
     // If we're the bottom-most frame frozen in this freeze, the caller might have stayed frozen in the chunk,
     // and its oop-containing fp fixed. We've now just overwritten it, so we must patch it back to its value
     // as read from the chunk.
@@ -249,7 +248,7 @@ inline frame ThawBase::new_entry_frame() {
   return frame(sp, sp, _cont.entryFP(), _cont.entryPC()); // TODO PERF: This finds code blob and computes deopt state
 }
 
-template<typename FKind> frame ThawBase::new_stack_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, bool bottom) {
+template<typename FKind> frame ThawBase::new_stack_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, bool bottom, int size_adjust) {
   assert(FKind::is_instance(hf), "");
   // The values in the returned frame object will be written into the callee's stack in patch.
 
@@ -276,24 +275,23 @@ template<typename FKind> frame ThawBase::new_stack_frame(const frame& hf, frame&
     return f;
   } else {
     int fsize = FKind::size(hf);
-    intptr_t* frame_sp = caller.unextended_sp() - fsize;
+    intptr_t* frame_sp = caller.unextended_sp() - fsize - size_adjust;
     if (bottom || caller.is_interpreted_frame()) {
-      int argsize = FKind::stack_argsize(hf);
-
-      fsize += argsize;
-      frame_sp   -= argsize;
-      caller.set_sp(caller.sp() - argsize);
-      assert(caller.sp() == frame_sp + (fsize-argsize), "");
-
+      if (size_adjust == 0) {
+        int argsize = FKind::stack_argsize(hf);
+        frame_sp -= argsize;
+      }
       frame_sp = align(hf, frame_sp, caller, bottom);
+      caller.set_sp(frame_sp + fsize + size_adjust);
     }
+    assert(is_aligned(frame_sp, frame::frame_alignment), "");
 
     assert(hf.cb() != nullptr, "");
     assert(hf.oop_map() != nullptr, "");
     intptr_t* fp;
     if (PreserveFramePointer) {
       // we need to recreate a "real" frame pointer, pointing into the stack
-      fp = frame_sp + FKind::size(hf) - frame::sender_sp_offset;
+      fp = frame_sp + fsize - frame::sender_sp_offset;
     } else {
       fp = FKind::stub || FKind::native
         ? frame_sp + fsize - frame::sender_sp_offset // fp always points to the address below the pushed return pc. We need correct address.
@@ -307,14 +305,15 @@ inline intptr_t* ThawBase::align(const frame& hf, intptr_t* frame_sp, frame& cal
   if (((intptr_t)frame_sp & 0xf) != 0) {
     assert(caller.is_interpreted_frame() || (bottom && hf.compiled_frame_stack_argsize() % 2 != 0), "");
     frame_sp--;
-    caller.set_sp(caller.sp() - 1);
   }
   assert(is_aligned(frame_sp, frame::frame_alignment), "");
   return frame_sp;
 }
 
 inline void ThawBase::patch_pd(frame& f, const frame& caller) {
-  patch_callee_link(caller, caller.fp());
+  if (caller.is_interpreted_frame() || PreserveFramePointer) {
+    patch_callee_link(caller, caller.fp());
+  }
 }
 
 inline void ThawBase::patch_pd(frame& f, intptr_t* caller_sp) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/continuationHelper_x86.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/continuationHelper_x86.inline.hpp
index ffb1b733303..d701f03742a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/continuationHelper_x86.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/continuationHelper_x86.inline.hpp
@@ -103,7 +103,8 @@ inline intptr_t** ContinuationHelper::Frame::callee_link_address(const frame& f)
 }
 
 inline address* ContinuationHelper::Frame::return_pc_address(const frame& f) {
-  return (address*)(f.real_fp() - 1);
+  frame::CompiledFramePointers cfp = f.compiled_frame_details();
+  return cfp.sender_pc_addr;
 }
 
 inline address* ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::return_pc_address(const frame& f) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/foreignGlobals_x86_64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/foreignGlobals_x86_64.cpp
index cc5627f6ffd..075c16e6811 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/foreignGlobals_x86_64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/foreignGlobals_x86_64.cpp
@@ -47,17 +47,17 @@ const ABIDescriptor ForeignGlobals::parse_abi_descriptor(jobject jabi) {
   oop abi_oop = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(jabi);
   ABIDescriptor abi;
 
-  objArrayOop inputStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::inputStorage(abi_oop);
+  refArrayOop inputStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::inputStorage(abi_oop);
   parse_register_array(inputStorage, StorageType::INTEGER, abi._integer_argument_registers, as_Register);
   parse_register_array(inputStorage, StorageType::VECTOR, abi._vector_argument_registers, as_XMMRegister);
 
-  objArrayOop outputStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::outputStorage(abi_oop);
+  refArrayOop outputStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::outputStorage(abi_oop);
   parse_register_array(outputStorage, StorageType::INTEGER, abi._integer_return_registers, as_Register);
   parse_register_array(outputStorage, StorageType::VECTOR, abi._vector_return_registers, as_XMMRegister);
-  objArrayOop subarray = oop_cast<objArrayOop>(outputStorage->obj_at((int) StorageType::X87));
+  refArrayOop subarray = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(outputStorage->obj_at((int) StorageType::X87));
   abi._X87_return_registers_noof = subarray->length();
 
-  objArrayOop volatileStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::volatileStorage(abi_oop);
+  refArrayOop volatileStorage = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::volatileStorage(abi_oop);
   parse_register_array(volatileStorage, StorageType::INTEGER, abi._integer_additional_volatile_registers, as_Register);
   parse_register_array(volatileStorage, StorageType::VECTOR, abi._vector_additional_volatile_registers, as_XMMRegister);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.cpp
index 2b06f9ee80c..087833d1411 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.cpp
@@ -145,13 +145,16 @@ bool frame::safe_for_sender(JavaThread *thread) {
       if (!thread->is_in_full_stack_checked((address)sender_sp)) {
         return false;
       }
-      sender_unextended_sp = sender_sp;
       // On Intel the return_address is always the word on the stack
       sender_pc = (address) *(sender_sp-1);
       // Note: frame::sender_sp_offset is only valid for compiled frame
-      saved_fp = (intptr_t*) *(sender_sp - frame::sender_sp_offset);
-    }
+      intptr_t** saved_fp_addr = (intptr_t**) (sender_sp - frame::sender_sp_offset);
+      saved_fp = *saved_fp_addr;
 
+      // Repair the sender sp if this is a method with scalarized inline type args
+      sender_sp = repair_sender_sp(sender_sp, saved_fp_addr);
+      sender_unextended_sp = sender_sp;
+    }
     if (Continuation::is_return_barrier_entry(sender_pc)) {
       // sender_pc might be invalid so check that the frame
       // actually belongs to a Continuation.
@@ -610,13 +613,24 @@ void frame::describe_pd(FrameValues& values, int frame_no) {
       ret_pc_loc = fp() + return_addr_offset;
       fp_loc = fp();
     } else {
-      ret_pc_loc = real_fp() - return_addr_offset;
-      fp_loc = real_fp() - sender_sp_offset;
+      if (cb()->is_nmethod() && cb()->as_nmethod()->needs_stack_repair()) {
+        values.describe(frame_no, real_fp() - sender_sp_offset - 1, err_msg("fsize for #%d", frame_no), 1);
+      }
+      frame::CompiledFramePointers cfp = compiled_frame_details();
+      ret_pc_loc = (intptr_t*)cfp.sender_pc_addr;
+      fp_loc = (intptr_t*)cfp.saved_fp_addr;
     }
     address ret_pc = *(address*)ret_pc_loc;
     values.describe(frame_no, ret_pc_loc,
       Continuation::is_return_barrier_entry(ret_pc) ? "return address (return barrier)" : "return address");
     values.describe(-1, fp_loc, "saved fp", 0); // "unowned" as value belongs to sender
+
+    intptr_t* ret_pc_loc2 = real_fp() - return_addr_offset;
+    if (ret_pc_loc2 != ret_pc_loc) {
+      intptr_t* fp_loc2 = real_fp() - sender_sp_offset;
+      values.describe(frame_no, ret_pc_loc2, "return address copy #2");
+      values.describe(-1, fp_loc2, "saved fp copy #2", 0);
+    }
   }
 }
 
@@ -635,6 +649,64 @@ frame::frame(void* sp, void* fp, void* pc) {
 
 #endif
 
+// Check for a method with scalarized inline type arguments that needs
+// a stack repair and return the repaired sender stack pointer.
+intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(intptr_t* sender_sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) const {
+  nmethod* nm = _cb->as_nmethod_or_null();
+  if (nm != nullptr && nm->needs_stack_repair()) {
+    // The stack increment resides just below the saved rbp on the stack
+    // and does not account for the return address and rbp (see MacroAssembler::remove_frame).
+    intptr_t* real_frame_size_addr = (intptr_t*) (saved_fp_addr - 1);
+    int real_frame_size = (*real_frame_size_addr / wordSize) + metadata_words_at_bottom;
+    assert(real_frame_size >= _cb->frame_size() && real_frame_size <= 1000000, "invalid frame size");
+    sender_sp = unextended_sp() + real_frame_size;
+  }
+  return sender_sp;
+}
+
+
+// See comment in MacroAssembler::remove_frame
+frame::CompiledFramePointers frame::compiled_frame_details() const {
+  // frame owned by optimizing compiler
+  assert(_cb->frame_size() > 0, "must have non-zero frame size");
+  intptr_t* sender_sp = unextended_sp() + _cb->frame_size();
+  assert(sender_sp == real_fp(), "");
+
+  // Repair the sender sp if the frame has been extended
+  sender_sp = repair_sender_sp(sender_sp, (intptr_t**)(sender_sp - frame::sender_sp_offset));
+
+  CompiledFramePointers cfp;
+  cfp.sender_sp = sender_sp;
+  cfp.saved_fp_addr = (intptr_t**)(sender_sp - frame::sender_sp_offset);
+  // On Intel the return_address is always the word on the stack
+  cfp.sender_pc_addr = (address*)(sender_sp - frame::return_addr_offset);
+
+  return cfp;
+}
+
+intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(nmethod* nm, intptr_t* sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) {
+  assert(nm != nullptr && nm->needs_stack_repair(), "");
+  // The stack increment resides just below the saved rbp on the stack
+  // and does not account for the return address and rbp (see MacroAssembler::remove_frame).
+  intptr_t* real_frame_size_addr = (intptr_t*) (saved_fp_addr - 1);
+  int real_frame_size = (*real_frame_size_addr / wordSize) + metadata_words_at_bottom;
+  assert(real_frame_size >= nm->frame_size() && real_frame_size <= 1000000, "invalid frame size");
+  return sp + real_frame_size;
+}
+
+bool frame::was_augmented_on_entry(int& real_size) const {
+  assert(is_compiled_frame(), "");
+  if (_cb->as_nmethod_or_null()->needs_stack_repair()) {
+    // The stack increment resides just below the saved rbp on the stack
+    // and does not account for the return address and rbp (see MacroAssembler::remove_frame).
+    intptr_t* real_frame_size_addr = unextended_sp() + _cb->frame_size() - sender_sp_offset - 1;
+    real_size = (*real_frame_size_addr / wordSize) + metadata_words_at_bottom;
+    return real_size != _cb->frame_size();
+  }
+  real_size = _cb->frame_size();
+  return false;
+}
+
 void JavaFrameAnchor::make_walkable() {
   // last frame set?
   if (last_Java_sp() == nullptr) return;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.hpp
index 50f0c6b7eb6..7d7dacc17f7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.hpp
@@ -137,6 +137,17 @@
   }
 
  public:
+  // Support for scalarized inline type calling convention
+  intptr_t* repair_sender_sp(intptr_t* sender_sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) const;
+  struct CompiledFramePointers {
+    intptr_t* sender_sp;       // The top of the stack of the sender
+    intptr_t** saved_fp_addr;  // Where RBP is saved on the stack
+    address* sender_pc_addr;   // Where return address (copy #1 in remove_frame's comment) is saved on the stack
+  };
+  CompiledFramePointers compiled_frame_details() const;
+  static intptr_t* repair_sender_sp(nmethod* nm, intptr_t* sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr);
+  bool was_augmented_on_entry(int& real_size) const;
+
   // Constructors
 
   frame(intptr_t* sp, intptr_t* fp, address pc);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.inline.hpp
index 3f3b951edc8..d7cb1db9b03 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.inline.hpp
@@ -32,6 +32,9 @@
 #include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "runtime/registerMap.hpp"
+#ifdef COMPILER1
+#include "c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp"
+#endif
 
 // Inline functions for Intel frames:
 
@@ -426,26 +429,32 @@ inline frame frame::sender_raw(RegisterMap* map) const {
 
 inline frame frame::sender_for_compiled_frame(RegisterMap* map) const {
   assert(map != nullptr, "map must be set");
-
-  // frame owned by optimizing compiler
-  assert(_cb->frame_size() > 0, "must have non-zero frame size");
-  intptr_t* sender_sp = unextended_sp() + _cb->frame_size();
-  assert(sender_sp == real_fp(), "");
-
-  // On Intel the return_address is always the word on the stack
-  address sender_pc = (address) *(sender_sp-1);
-
-  // This is the saved value of EBP which may or may not really be an FP.
-  // It is only an FP if the sender is an interpreter frame (or C1?).
-  // saved_fp_addr should be correct even for a bottom thawed frame (with a return barrier)
-  intptr_t** saved_fp_addr = (intptr_t**) (sender_sp - frame::sender_sp_offset);
+  CompiledFramePointers cfp = compiled_frame_details();
 
   if (map->update_map()) {
     // Tell GC to use argument oopmaps for some runtime stubs that need it.
     // For C1, the runtime stub might not have oop maps, so set this flag
     // outside of update_register_map.
-    if (!_cb->is_nmethod()) { // compiled frames do not use callee-saved registers
-      map->set_include_argument_oops(_cb->caller_must_gc_arguments(map->thread()));
+    bool c1_buffering = false;
+#ifdef COMPILER1
+    nmethod* nm = _cb->as_nmethod_or_null();
+    if (nm != nullptr && nm->is_compiled_by_c1() && nm->method()->has_scalarized_args() &&
+        pc() < nm->verified_inline_entry_point()) {
+      // The VEP and VIEP(RO) of C1-compiled methods call buffer_inline_args_xxx
+      // before doing any argument shuffling, so we need to scan the oops
+      // as the caller passes them.
+      c1_buffering = true;
+#ifdef ASSERT
+      NativeCall* call = nativeCall_before(pc());
+      address dest = call->destination();
+      assert(dest == Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_no_receiver_id) ||
+             dest == Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_id), "unexpected safepoint in entry point");
+#endif
+    }
+#endif
+    if (!_cb->is_nmethod() || c1_buffering) { // compiled frames do not use callee-saved registers
+      bool caller_args = _cb->caller_must_gc_arguments(map->thread()) || c1_buffering;
+      map->set_include_argument_oops(caller_args);
       if (oop_map() != nullptr) {
         _oop_map->update_register_map(this, map);
       }
@@ -458,21 +467,21 @@ inline frame frame::sender_for_compiled_frame(RegisterMap* map) const {
     // Since the prolog does the save and restore of EBP there is no oopmap
     // for it so we must fill in its location as if there was an oopmap entry
     // since if our caller was compiled code there could be live jvm state in it.
-    update_map_with_saved_link(map, saved_fp_addr);
+    update_map_with_saved_link(map, cfp.saved_fp_addr);
   }
 
-  assert(sender_sp != sp(), "must have changed");
+  assert(cfp.sender_sp != sp(), "must have changed");
 
-  if (Continuation::is_return_barrier_entry(sender_pc)) {
+  if (Continuation::is_return_barrier_entry(*cfp.sender_pc_addr)) {
     if (map->walk_cont()) { // about to walk into an h-stack
       return Continuation::top_frame(*this, map);
     } else {
-      return Continuation::continuation_bottom_sender(map->thread(), *this, sender_sp);
+      return Continuation::continuation_bottom_sender(map->thread(), *this, cfp.sender_sp);
     }
   }
 
-  intptr_t* unextended_sp = sender_sp;
-  return frame(sender_sp, unextended_sp, *saved_fp_addr, sender_pc);
+  intptr_t* unextended_sp = cfp.sender_sp;
+  return frame(cfp.sender_sp, unextended_sp, *cfp.saved_fp_addr, *cfp.sender_pc_addr);
 }
 
 template <typename RegisterMapT>
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
index b20d7b5cd07..15db93064c5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -413,8 +413,9 @@ void G1BarrierSetAssembler::oop_store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet deco
                                          Address dst, Register val, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3) {
   bool in_heap = (decorators & IN_HEAP) != 0;
   bool as_normal = (decorators & AS_NORMAL) != 0;
+  bool dest_uninitialized = (decorators & IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED) != 0;
 
-  bool needs_pre_barrier = as_normal;
+  bool needs_pre_barrier = as_normal && !dest_uninitialized;
   bool needs_post_barrier = val != noreg && in_heap;
 
   // flatten object address if needed
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/g1/g1_x86_64.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/g1/g1_x86_64.ad
index 94607cd6796..c28b3c15af4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/g1/g1_x86_64.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/g1/g1_x86_64.ad
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 //
-// Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 // DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 //
 // This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -99,6 +99,118 @@ instruct g1StoreP(memory mem, any_RegP src, rRegP tmp1, rRegP tmp2, rRegP tmp3,
   ins_pipe(ialu_mem_reg);
 %}
 
+// TODO 8350865 (same applies to g1StoreLSpecialTwoOops)
+// - Do not set/overwrite barrier data here, also handle G1C2BarrierPostNotNull
+instruct g1StoreLSpecialOneOopOff0(memory mem, rRegL src, immI_0 off, rRegP tmp1, rRegP tmp2, rRegP tmp3, rFlagsReg cr)
+%{
+  predicate(UseG1GC);
+  match(Set mem (StoreLSpecial mem (Binary src off)));
+  effect(TEMP tmp1, TEMP tmp2, TEMP tmp3, KILL cr);
+  format %{ "movq    $mem, $src\t# g1StoreLSpecialOneOopOff0" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    ((MachNode*)this)->set_barrier_data(G1C2BarrierPre | G1C2BarrierPost);
+
+    __ lea($tmp1$$Register, $mem$$Address);
+    write_barrier_pre(masm, this,
+                      $tmp1$$Register /* obj */,
+                      $tmp2$$Register /* pre_val */,
+                      $tmp3$$Register /* tmp */,
+                      RegSet::of($tmp1$$Register, $src$$Register) /* preserve */);
+
+    __ movq(Address($tmp1$$Register, 0), $src$$Register);
+
+    // Extract the narrow oop field value
+    __ movl($tmp2$$Register, $src$$Register);
+    __ decode_heap_oop($tmp2$$Register);
+    write_barrier_post(masm, this,
+                       $tmp1$$Register /* store_addr */,
+                       $tmp2$$Register /* new_val */,
+                       $tmp3$$Register /* tmp1 */);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(ialu_mem_reg);
+%}
+
+instruct g1StoreLSpecialOneOopOff4(memory mem, rRegL src, immI_4 off, rRegP tmp1, rRegP tmp2, rRegP tmp3, rFlagsReg cr)
+%{
+  predicate(UseG1GC);
+  match(Set mem (StoreLSpecial mem (Binary src off)));
+  effect(TEMP tmp1, TEMP tmp2, TEMP tmp3, KILL cr);
+  format %{ "movq    $mem, $src\t# g1StoreLSpecialOneOopOff4" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    ((MachNode*)this)->set_barrier_data(G1C2BarrierPre | G1C2BarrierPost);
+
+    // Adjust address to point to narrow oop
+    Address dst = $mem$$Address;
+    __ lea($tmp1$$Register, dst.plus_disp(4));
+    write_barrier_pre(masm, this,
+                      $tmp1$$Register /* obj */,
+                      $tmp2$$Register /* pre_val */,
+                      $tmp3$$Register /* tmp */,
+                      RegSet::of($tmp1$$Register, $src$$Register) /* preserve */);
+
+    // The address of the oop is the address of the store plus the offset of the oop
+    __ movq(Address($tmp1$$Register, -4), $src$$Register);
+
+    // Shift long value to extract the narrow oop field value
+    __ movq($tmp2$$Register, $src$$Register);
+    __ shrq($tmp2$$Register, 32);
+    __ decode_heap_oop($tmp2$$Register);
+    write_barrier_post(masm, this,
+                       $tmp1$$Register /* store_addr */,
+                       $tmp2$$Register /* new_val */,
+                       $tmp3$$Register /* tmp1 */);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(ialu_mem_reg);
+%}
+
+instruct g1StoreLSpecialTwoOops(memory mem, rRegL src, rRegP tmp1, rRegP tmp2, rRegP tmp3, rFlagsReg cr)
+%{
+  predicate(UseG1GC);
+  match(Set mem (StoreLSpecial mem src));
+  effect(TEMP tmp1, TEMP tmp2, TEMP tmp3, KILL cr);
+  format %{ "movq    $mem, $src\t# g1StoreLSpecialTwoOops" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    ((MachNode*)this)->set_barrier_data(G1C2BarrierPre | G1C2BarrierPost);
+
+    __ lea($tmp1$$Register, $mem$$Address);
+    write_barrier_pre(masm, this,
+                      $tmp1$$Register /* obj */,
+                      $tmp2$$Register /* pre_val */,
+                      $tmp3$$Register /* tmp */,
+                      RegSet::of($tmp1$$Register, $src$$Register) /* preserve */);
+    // Adjust address to point to the second narrow oop in the long value
+    __ addq($tmp1$$Register, 4);
+    write_barrier_pre(masm, this,
+                      $tmp1$$Register /* obj */,
+                      $tmp2$$Register /* pre_val */,
+                      $tmp3$$Register /* tmp */,
+                      RegSet::of($tmp1$$Register, $src$$Register) /* preserve */);
+
+    // The address of the second oop is the address of the store plus the offset of the second oop
+    __ movq(Address($tmp1$$Register, -4), $src$$Register);
+
+    // Do the post-barrier of the second oop first since we have its address in tmp1
+    __ movq($tmp2$$Register, $src$$Register);
+    __ shrq($tmp2$$Register, 32);
+    __ decode_heap_oop($tmp2$$Register);
+    write_barrier_post(masm, this,
+                       $tmp1$$Register /* store_addr */,
+                       $tmp2$$Register /* new_val */,
+                       $tmp3$$Register /* tmp1 */);
+
+    // Retrieve the address of the first narrow oop
+    __ addq($tmp1$$Register, -4);
+    // Extract the first narrow oop
+    __ movl($tmp2$$Register, $src$$Register);
+    __ decode_heap_oop($tmp2$$Register);
+    write_barrier_post(masm, this,
+                       $tmp1$$Register /* store_addr */,
+                       $tmp2$$Register /* new_val */,
+                       $tmp3$$Register /* tmp1 */);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(ialu_mem_reg);
+%}
+
 instruct g1StoreN(memory mem, rRegN src, rRegP tmp1, rRegP tmp2, rRegP tmp3, rFlagsReg cr)
 %{
   predicate(UseG1GC && n->as_Store()->barrier_data() != 0);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
index 265d9b16397..a45d132406c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -22,10 +22,12 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "asm/macroAssembler.inline.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod.hpp"
+#include "gc/shared/barrierSetRuntime.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp"
 #include "interpreter/interp_masm.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
@@ -161,6 +163,19 @@ void BarrierSetAssembler::store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators
   }
 }
 
+void BarrierSetAssembler::flat_field_copy(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators,
+                                          Register src, Register dst, Register inline_layout_info) {
+  // flat_field_copy implementation is fairly complex, and there are not any
+  // "short-cuts" to be made from asm. What there is, appears to have the same
+  // cost in C++, so just "call_VM_leaf" for now rather than maintain hundreds
+  // of hand-rolled instructions...
+  if (decorators & IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED) {
+    __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, BarrierSetRuntime::value_copy_is_dest_uninitialized), src, dst, inline_layout_info);
+  } else {
+    __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, BarrierSetRuntime::value_copy), src, dst, inline_layout_info);
+  }
+}
+
 void BarrierSetAssembler::copy_load_at(MacroAssembler* masm,
                                        DecoratorSet decorators,
                                        BasicType type,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_x86.hpp
index caf341dcdf3..7f7f65992b3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_x86.hpp
@@ -48,6 +48,9 @@ class BarrierSetAssembler: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   virtual void store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators, BasicType type,
                         Address dst, Register val, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3);
 
+  virtual void flat_field_copy(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators,
+                               Register src, Register dst, Register inline_layout_info);
+
   // The copy_[load/store]_at functions are used by arraycopy stubs. Be careful to only use
   // r10 (aka rscratch1) in a context where restore_arg_regs_using_thread has been used instead
   // of the looser setup_arg_regs. Currently this is done when using type T_OBJECT.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod_x86.cpp
index 7ebc90b9f71..6dd4e02dbab 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod_x86.cpp
@@ -170,13 +170,37 @@ static NativeNMethodCmpBarrier* native_nmethod_barrier(nmethod* nm) {
   return barrier;
 }
 
+static void set_immediate(nmethod* nm, jint val, int bit_mask) {
+  NativeNMethodCmpBarrier* cmp1 = native_nmethod_barrier(nm);
+  cmp1->set_immediate(val, bit_mask);
+
+  if (!nm->is_osr_method() && nm->method()->has_scalarized_args()) {
+    // nmethods with scalarized arguments have multiple entry points that each have an own nmethod entry barrier
+    assert(nm->verified_entry_point() != nm->verified_inline_entry_point(), "scalarized entry point not found");
+    address method_body = nm->is_compiled_by_c1() ? nm->verified_inline_entry_point() : nm->verified_entry_point();
+    address entry_point2 = nm->is_compiled_by_c1() ? nm->verified_entry_point() : nm->verified_inline_entry_point();
+
+    int barrier_offset = reinterpret_cast<address>(cmp1) - method_body;
+    NativeNMethodCmpBarrier* cmp2 = reinterpret_cast<NativeNMethodCmpBarrier*>(entry_point2 + barrier_offset);
+    assert(cmp1 != cmp2, "sanity");
+    DEBUG_ONLY(cmp2->verify());
+    cmp2->set_immediate(val, bit_mask);
+
+    if (method_body != nm->verified_inline_ro_entry_point() && entry_point2 != nm->verified_inline_ro_entry_point()) {
+      NativeNMethodCmpBarrier* cmp3 = reinterpret_cast<NativeNMethodCmpBarrier*>(nm->verified_inline_ro_entry_point() + barrier_offset);
+      assert(cmp1 != cmp3 && cmp2 != cmp3, "sanity");
+      DEBUG_ONLY(cmp3->verify());
+      cmp3->set_immediate(val, bit_mask);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 void BarrierSetNMethod::set_guard_value(nmethod* nm, int value, int bit_mask) {
   if (!supports_entry_barrier(nm)) {
     return;
   }
 
-  NativeNMethodCmpBarrier* cmp = native_nmethod_barrier(nm);
-  cmp->set_immediate(value, bit_mask);
+  set_immediate(nm, value, bit_mask);
 }
 
 int BarrierSetNMethod::guard_value(nmethod* nm) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/globals_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/globals_x86.hpp
index 936a994ed8b..c41be7a6772 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/globals_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/globals_x86.hpp
@@ -86,6 +86,9 @@ define_pd_global(bool, PreserveFramePointer, false);
 
 define_pd_global(intx, InitArrayShortSize, 8*BytesPerLong);
 
+define_pd_global(bool, InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, true);
+define_pd_global(bool, InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, true);
+
 #define ARCH_FLAGS(develop,                                                 \
                    product,                                                 \
                    range,                                                   \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/interp_masm_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/interp_masm_x86.cpp
index a9745398f71..90f24a364e5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/interp_masm_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/interp_masm_x86.cpp
@@ -28,9 +28,11 @@
 #include "interpreter/interpreterRuntime.hpp"
 #include "logging/log.hpp"
 #include "oops/arrayOop.hpp"
+#include "oops/constMethodFlags.hpp"
 #include "oops/markWord.hpp"
 #include "oops/methodData.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/resolvedFieldEntry.hpp"
 #include "oops/resolvedIndyEntry.hpp"
 #include "oops/resolvedMethodEntry.hpp"
@@ -165,7 +167,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_arguments_type(Register mdp, Register ca
         // argument. tmp is the number of cells left in the
         // CallTypeData/VirtualCallTypeData to reach its end. Non null
         // if there's a return to profile.
-        assert(ReturnTypeEntry::static_cell_count() < TypeStackSlotEntries::per_arg_count(), "can't move past ret type");
+        assert(SingleTypeEntry::static_cell_count() < TypeStackSlotEntries::per_arg_count(), "can't move past ret type");
         shll(tmp, log2i_exact((int)DataLayout::cell_size));
         addptr(mdp, tmp);
       }
@@ -210,7 +212,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_return_type(Register mdp, Register ret,
       bind(do_profile);
     }
 
-    Address mdo_ret_addr(mdp, -in_bytes(ReturnTypeEntry::size()));
+    Address mdo_ret_addr(mdp, -in_bytes(SingleTypeEntry::size()));
     mov(tmp, ret);
     profile_obj_type(tmp, mdo_ret_addr);
 
@@ -290,7 +292,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::call_VM_leaf_base(address entry_point,
   // super call
   MacroAssembler::call_VM_leaf_base(entry_point, number_of_arguments);
   // interpreter specific
-  // LP64: Used to ASSERT that r13/r14 were equal to frame's bcp/locals
+  // Used to ASSERT that r13/r14 were equal to frame's bcp/locals
   // but since they may not have been saved (and we don't want to
   // save them here (see note above) the assert is invalid.
 }
@@ -428,7 +430,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::call_VM_preemptable(Register oop_result,
                                          Register arg_1,
                                          Register arg_2,
                                          bool check_exceptions) {
-  LP64_ONLY(assert_different_registers(arg_1, c_rarg2));
+  assert_different_registers(arg_1, c_rarg2);
   pass_arg2(this, arg_2);
   pass_arg1(this, arg_1);
   call_VM_preemptable_helper(oop_result, entry_point, 2, check_exceptions);
@@ -582,15 +584,17 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::load_resolved_klass_at_index(Register klass,
 // Kills:
 //      rcx
 void InterpreterMacroAssembler::gen_subtype_check(Register Rsub_klass,
-                                                  Label& ok_is_subtype) {
+                                                  Label& ok_is_subtype,
+                                                  bool profile) {
   assert(Rsub_klass != rax, "rax holds superklass");
   assert(Rsub_klass != r14, "r14 holds locals");
   assert(Rsub_klass != r13, "r13 holds bcp");
   assert(Rsub_klass != rcx, "rcx holds 2ndary super array length");
 
   // Profile the not-null value's klass.
-  profile_typecheck(rcx, Rsub_klass); // blows rcx
-
+  if (profile) {
+    profile_typecheck(rcx, Rsub_klass); // blows rcx
+  }
   // Do the check.
   check_klass_subtype(Rsub_klass, rax, rcx, ok_is_subtype); // blows rcx
 }
@@ -883,7 +887,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::remove_activation(TosState state,
   movbool(rbx, do_not_unlock_if_synchronized);
   movbool(do_not_unlock_if_synchronized, false); // reset the flag
 
- // get method access flags
+  // get method access flags
   movptr(rcx, Address(rbp, frame::interpreter_frame_method_offset * wordSize));
   load_unsigned_short(rcx, Address(rcx, Method::access_flags_offset()));
   testl(rcx, JVM_ACC_SYNCHRONIZED);
@@ -1050,6 +1054,36 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::remove_activation(TosState state,
     bind(no_reserved_zone_enabling);
   }
 
+  if (state == atos && InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+    Label skip;
+    Label not_null;
+    testptr(rax, rax);
+    jcc(Assembler::notZero, not_null);
+    // Returned value is null, zero all return registers because they may belong to oop fields
+    xorq(j_rarg1, j_rarg1);
+    xorq(j_rarg2, j_rarg2);
+    xorq(j_rarg3, j_rarg3);
+    xorq(j_rarg4, j_rarg4);
+    xorq(j_rarg5, j_rarg5);
+    jmp(skip);
+    bind(not_null);
+
+    // Check if we are returning a non-null inline type and load its fields into registers
+    test_oop_is_not_inline_type(rax, rscratch1, skip, /* can_be_null= */ false);
+
+    // Load fields from a buffered value with an inline class specific handler
+    load_klass(rdi, rax, rscratch1);
+    movptr(rdi, Address(rdi, InlineKlass::adr_members_offset()));
+    movptr(rdi, Address(rdi, InlineKlass::unpack_handler_offset()));
+    // Unpack handler can be null if inline type is not scalarizable in returns
+    testptr(rdi, rdi);
+    jcc(Assembler::zero, skip);
+    call(rdi);
+    // call above kills the value in rbx. Reload it.
+    movptr(rbx, Address(rbp, frame::interpreter_frame_sender_sp_offset * wordSize));
+    bind(skip);
+  }
+
   leave();                           // remove frame anchor
 
   JFR_ONLY(leave_jfr_critical_section();)
@@ -1086,6 +1120,42 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::get_method_counters(Register method,
   bind(has_counters);
 }
 
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::read_flat_field(Register entry, Register obj) {
+  call_VM(obj, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::read_flat_field),
+          obj, entry);
+}
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::write_flat_field(Register entry, Register tmp1, Register tmp2,
+                                                 Register obj, Register off, Register value) {
+  assert_different_registers(entry, tmp1, tmp2, obj, off, value);
+
+  Label slow_path, done;
+
+  load_unsigned_byte(tmp2, Address(entry, in_bytes(ResolvedFieldEntry::flags_offset())));
+  test_field_is_not_null_free_inline_type(tmp2, tmp1, slow_path);
+
+  null_check(value); // FIXME JDK-8341120
+
+  lea(obj, Address(obj, off, Address::times_1));
+
+  load_klass(tmp2, value, tmp1);
+  payload_addr(value, value, tmp2);
+
+  Register idx = tmp1;
+  load_unsigned_short(idx, Address(entry, in_bytes(ResolvedFieldEntry::field_index_offset())));
+  movptr(tmp2, Address(entry, in_bytes(ResolvedFieldEntry::field_holder_offset())));
+
+  Register layout_info = off;
+  inline_layout_info(tmp2, idx, layout_info);
+
+  flat_field_copy(IN_HEAP, value, obj, layout_info);
+  jmp(done);
+
+  bind(slow_path);
+  call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::write_flat_field), obj, value, entry);
+
+  bind(done);
+}
 
 // Lock object
 //
@@ -1338,7 +1408,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_taken_branch(Register mdp) {
 }
 
 
-void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp) {
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp, bool acmp) {
   if (ProfileInterpreter) {
     Label profile_continue;
 
@@ -1350,7 +1420,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp) {
 
     // The method data pointer needs to be updated to correspond to
     // the next bytecode
-    update_mdp_by_constant(mdp, in_bytes(BranchData::branch_data_size()));
+    update_mdp_by_constant(mdp, acmp ? in_bytes(ACmpData::acmp_data_size()): in_bytes(BranchData::branch_data_size()));
     bind(profile_continue);
   }
 }
@@ -1540,6 +1610,120 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_switch_case(Register index,
   }
 }
 
+template <class ArrayData> void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_array_type(Register mdp,
+                                                                              Register array,
+                                                                              Register tmp) {
+  if (ProfileInterpreter) {
+    Label profile_continue;
+
+    // If no method data exists, go to profile_continue.
+    test_method_data_pointer(mdp, profile_continue);
+
+    mov(tmp, array);
+    profile_obj_type(tmp, Address(mdp, in_bytes(ArrayData::array_offset())));
+
+    Label not_flat;
+    test_non_flat_array_oop(array, tmp, not_flat);
+
+    set_mdp_flag_at(mdp, ArrayData::flat_array_byte_constant());
+
+    bind(not_flat);
+
+    Label not_null_free;
+    test_non_null_free_array_oop(array, tmp, not_null_free);
+
+    set_mdp_flag_at(mdp, ArrayData::null_free_array_byte_constant());
+
+    bind(not_null_free);
+
+    bind(profile_continue);
+  }
+}
+
+template void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_array_type<ArrayLoadData>(Register mdp,
+                                                                           Register array,
+                                                                           Register tmp);
+template void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_array_type<ArrayStoreData>(Register mdp,
+                                                                            Register array,
+                                                                            Register tmp);
+
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_multiple_element_types(Register mdp, Register element, Register tmp, const Register tmp2) {
+  if (ProfileInterpreter) {
+    Label profile_continue;
+
+    // If no method data exists, go to profile_continue.
+    test_method_data_pointer(mdp, profile_continue);
+
+    Label done, update;
+    testptr(element, element);
+    jccb(Assembler::notZero, update);
+    set_mdp_flag_at(mdp, BitData::null_seen_byte_constant());
+    jmp(done);
+
+    bind(update);
+    load_klass(tmp, element, rscratch1);
+
+    // Record the object type.
+    profile_receiver_type(tmp, mdp, 0);
+
+    bind(done);
+
+    // The method data pointer needs to be updated.
+    update_mdp_by_constant(mdp, in_bytes(ArrayStoreData::array_store_data_size()));
+
+    bind(profile_continue);
+  }
+}
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_element_type(Register mdp,
+                                                     Register element,
+                                                     Register tmp) {
+  if (ProfileInterpreter) {
+    Label profile_continue;
+
+    // If no method data exists, go to profile_continue.
+    test_method_data_pointer(mdp, profile_continue);
+
+    mov(tmp, element);
+    profile_obj_type(tmp, Address(mdp, in_bytes(ArrayLoadData::element_offset())));
+
+    // The method data pointer needs to be updated.
+    update_mdp_by_constant(mdp, in_bytes(ArrayLoadData::array_load_data_size()));
+
+    bind(profile_continue);
+  }
+}
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_acmp(Register mdp,
+                                             Register left,
+                                             Register right,
+                                             Register tmp) {
+  if (ProfileInterpreter) {
+    Label profile_continue;
+
+    // If no method data exists, go to profile_continue.
+    test_method_data_pointer(mdp, profile_continue);
+
+    mov(tmp, left);
+    profile_obj_type(tmp, Address(mdp, in_bytes(ACmpData::left_offset())));
+
+    Label left_not_inline_type;
+    test_oop_is_not_inline_type(left, tmp, left_not_inline_type);
+    set_mdp_flag_at(mdp, ACmpData::left_inline_type_byte_constant());
+    bind(left_not_inline_type);
+
+    mov(tmp, right);
+    profile_obj_type(tmp, Address(mdp, in_bytes(ACmpData::right_offset())));
+
+    Label right_not_inline_type;
+    test_oop_is_not_inline_type(right, tmp, right_not_inline_type);
+    set_mdp_flag_at(mdp, ACmpData::right_inline_type_byte_constant());
+    bind(right_not_inline_type);
+
+    bind(profile_continue);
+  }
+}
 
 
 void InterpreterMacroAssembler::_interp_verify_oop(Register reg, TosState state, const char* file, int line) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/interp_masm_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/interp_masm_x86.hpp
index dfbd7ab64e0..ed4b8003ed4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/interp_masm_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/interp_masm_x86.hpp
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
 
   // Generate a subtype check: branch to ok_is_subtype if sub_klass is
   // a subtype of super_klass.
-  void gen_subtype_check( Register sub_klass, Label &ok_is_subtype );
+  void gen_subtype_check(Register sub_klass, Label &ok_is_subtype, bool profile = true);
 
   // Dispatching
   void dispatch_prolog(TosState state, int step = 0);
@@ -215,6 +215,15 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
                          bool notify_jvmdi = true);
   void get_method_counters(Register method, Register mcs, Label& skip);
 
+  // Allocate instance in "obj" and read in the content of the inline field
+  // NOTES:
+  //   - input holder object via "obj", which must be rax,
+  //     will return new instance via the same reg
+  void read_flat_field(Register entry, Register obj);
+  void write_flat_field(Register entry,
+                        Register tmp1, Register tmp2,
+                        Register obj, Register off, Register value);
+
   // Object locking
   void lock_object  (Register lock_reg);
   void unlock_object(Register lock_reg);
@@ -240,7 +249,7 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
   void update_mdp_for_ret(Register return_bci);
 
   void profile_taken_branch(Register mdp);
-  void profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp);
+  void profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp, bool acmp = false);
   void profile_call(Register mdp);
   void profile_final_call(Register mdp);
   void profile_virtual_call(Register receiver, Register mdp);
@@ -251,6 +260,11 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
   void profile_switch_default(Register mdp);
   void profile_switch_case(Register index_in_scratch, Register mdp,
                            Register scratch2);
+  template <class ArrayData> void profile_array_type(Register mdp, Register array, Register tmp);
+
+  void profile_multiple_element_types(Register mdp, Register element, Register tmp, const Register tmp2);
+  void profile_element_type(Register mdp, Register element, Register tmp);
+  void profile_acmp(Register mdp, Register left, Register right, Register tmp);
 
   // Debugging
   // only if +VerifyOops && state == atos
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/jniFastGetField_x86_64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/jniFastGetField_x86_64.cpp
index 09ba4537854..2c4d34c7cd5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/jniFastGetField_x86_64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/jniFastGetField_x86_64.cpp
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "prims/jniFastGetField.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvm_misc.hpp"
+#include "runtime/jfieldIDWorkaround.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
 #include "runtime/safepoint.hpp"
 
@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@ address JNI_FastGetField::generate_fast_get_int_field0(BasicType type) {
   }
 
   __ mov   (roffset, c_rarg2);
-  __ shrptr(roffset, 2);                         // offset
+  __ shrptr(roffset, jfieldIDWorkaround::offset_shift);                         // offset
 
   // Both robj and rtmp are clobbered by try_resolve_jobject_in_native.
   BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
@@ -182,7 +183,7 @@ address JNI_FastGetField::generate_fast_get_float_field0(BasicType type) {
   DEBUG_ONLY(__ movl(rtmp, 0xDEADC0DE);)
 
   __ mov   (roffset, c_rarg2);
-  __ shrptr(roffset, 2);                         // offset
+  __ shrptr(roffset, jfieldIDWorkaround::offset_shift);                         // offset
 
   assert(count < LIST_CAPACITY, "LIST_CAPACITY too small");
   speculative_load_pclist[count] = __ pc();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
index 6c0b1178b0e..aaea4173c0e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "code/compiledIC.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compiler_globals.hpp"
 #include "compiler/disassembler.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "crc32c.h"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler.hpp"
@@ -43,7 +44,9 @@
 #include "oops/compressedKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/compressedOops.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/resolvedFieldEntry.hpp"
 #include "prims/methodHandles.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/continuation.hpp"
 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
@@ -53,10 +56,15 @@
 #include "runtime/safepoint.hpp"
 #include "runtime/safepointMechanism.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
+#include "runtime/signature_cc.hpp"
 #include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
 #include "utilities/checkedCast.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
+#include "vmreg_x86.inline.hpp"
+#ifdef COMPILER2
+#include "opto/output.hpp"
+#endif
 
 #ifdef PRODUCT
 #define BLOCK_COMMENT(str) /* nothing */
@@ -1302,6 +1310,10 @@ void MacroAssembler::call_VM_leaf(address entry_point, Register arg_0, Register
   call_VM_leaf(entry_point, 3);
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::super_call_VM_leaf(address entry_point) {
+  MacroAssembler::call_VM_leaf_base(entry_point, 1);
+}
+
 void MacroAssembler::super_call_VM_leaf(address entry_point, Register arg_0) {
   pass_arg0(this, arg_0);
   MacroAssembler::call_VM_leaf_base(entry_point, 1);
@@ -2393,6 +2405,84 @@ void MacroAssembler::null_check(Register reg, int offset) {
   }
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::test_markword_is_inline_type(Register markword, Label& is_inline_type) {
+  andptr(markword, markWord::inline_type_pattern_mask);
+  cmpptr(markword, markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+  jcc(Assembler::equal, is_inline_type);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_oop_is_not_inline_type(Register object, Register tmp, Label& not_inline_type, bool can_be_null) {
+  if (can_be_null) {
+    testptr(object, object);
+    jcc(Assembler::zero, not_inline_type);
+  }
+  const int is_inline_type_mask = markWord::inline_type_pattern;
+  movptr(tmp, Address(object, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+  andptr(tmp, is_inline_type_mask);
+  cmpptr(tmp, is_inline_type_mask);
+  jcc(Assembler::notEqual, not_inline_type);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_field_is_null_free_inline_type(Register flags, Register temp_reg, Label& is_null_free_inline_type) {
+  movl(temp_reg, flags);
+  testl(temp_reg, 1 << ResolvedFieldEntry::is_null_free_inline_type_shift);
+  jcc(Assembler::notEqual, is_null_free_inline_type);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_field_is_not_null_free_inline_type(Register flags, Register temp_reg, Label& not_null_free_inline_type) {
+  movl(temp_reg, flags);
+  testl(temp_reg, 1 << ResolvedFieldEntry::is_null_free_inline_type_shift);
+  jcc(Assembler::equal, not_null_free_inline_type);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_field_is_flat(Register flags, Register temp_reg, Label& is_flat) {
+  movl(temp_reg, flags);
+  testl(temp_reg, 1 << ResolvedFieldEntry::is_flat_shift);
+  jcc(Assembler::notEqual, is_flat);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_oop_prototype_bit(Register oop, Register temp_reg, int32_t test_bit, bool jmp_set, Label& jmp_label) {
+  // load mark word
+  movptr(temp_reg, Address(oop, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+  if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
+    Label test_mark_word;
+    // check displaced
+    testl(temp_reg, markWord::unlocked_value);
+    jccb(Assembler::notZero, test_mark_word);
+    // slow path use klass prototype
+    push(rscratch1);
+    load_prototype_header(temp_reg, oop, rscratch1);
+    pop(rscratch1);
+
+    bind(test_mark_word);
+  }
+  testl(temp_reg, test_bit);
+  jcc((jmp_set) ? Assembler::notZero : Assembler::zero, jmp_label);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_flat_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg,
+                                         Label& is_flat_array) {
+  test_oop_prototype_bit(oop, temp_reg, markWord::flat_array_bit_in_place, true, is_flat_array);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_non_flat_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg,
+                                             Label& is_non_flat_array) {
+  test_oop_prototype_bit(oop, temp_reg, markWord::flat_array_bit_in_place, false, is_non_flat_array);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_null_free_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label&is_null_free_array) {
+  test_oop_prototype_bit(oop, temp_reg, markWord::null_free_array_bit_in_place, true, is_null_free_array);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_non_null_free_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label&is_non_null_free_array) {
+  test_oop_prototype_bit(oop, temp_reg, markWord::null_free_array_bit_in_place, false, is_non_null_free_array);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_flat_array_layout(Register lh, Label& is_flat_array) {
+  testl(lh, Klass::_lh_array_tag_flat_value_bit_inplace);
+  jcc(Assembler::notZero, is_flat_array);
+}
+
 void MacroAssembler::os_breakpoint() {
   // instead of directly emitting a breakpoint, call os:breakpoint for better debugability
   // (e.g., MSVC can't call ps() otherwise)
@@ -3733,6 +3823,28 @@ void MacroAssembler::zero_memory(Register address, Register length_in_bytes, int
   bind(done);
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::inline_layout_info(Register holder_klass, Register index, Register layout_info) {
+  movptr(layout_info, Address(holder_klass, InstanceKlass::inline_layout_info_array_offset()));
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  {
+    Label done;
+    cmpptr(layout_info, 0);
+    jcc(Assembler::notEqual, done);
+    stop("inline_layout_info_array is null");
+    bind(done);
+  }
+#endif
+
+  InlineLayoutInfo array[2];
+  int size = (char*)&array[1] - (char*)&array[0]; // computing size of array elements
+  if (is_power_of_2(size)) {
+    shll(index, log2i_exact(size)); // Scale index by power of 2
+  } else {
+    imull(index, index, size); // Scale the index to be the entry index * array_element_size
+  }
+  lea(layout_info, Address(layout_info, index, Address::times_1, Array<InlineLayoutInfo>::base_offset_in_bytes()));
+}
+
 // Look up the method for a megamorphic invokeinterface call.
 // The target method is determined by <intf_klass, itable_index>.
 // The receiver klass is in recv_klass.
@@ -4783,7 +4895,11 @@ void MacroAssembler::cmov32(Condition cc, Register dst, Register src) {
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::_verify_oop(Register reg, const char* s, const char* file, int line) {
-  if (!VerifyOops) return;
+  if (!VerifyOops || VerifyAdapterSharing) {
+    // Below address of the code string confuses VerifyAdapterSharing
+    // because it may differ between otherwise equivalent adapters.
+    return;
+  }
 
   BLOCK_COMMENT("verify_oop {");
   push(rscratch1);
@@ -5036,7 +5152,11 @@ void MacroAssembler::profile_receiver_type(Register recv, Register mdp, int mdp_
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::_verify_oop_addr(Address addr, const char* s, const char* file, int line) {
-  if (!VerifyOops) return;
+  if (!VerifyOops || VerifyAdapterSharing) {
+    // Below address of the code string confuses VerifyAdapterSharing
+    // because it may differ between otherwise equivalent adapters.
+    return;
+  }
 
   push(rscratch1);
   push(rax); // save rax,
@@ -5428,6 +5548,14 @@ void MacroAssembler::load_method_holder(Register holder, Register method) {
   movptr(holder, Address(holder, ConstantPool::pool_holder_offset()));          // InstanceKlass*
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::load_metadata(Register dst, Register src) {
+  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+    load_narrow_klass_compact(dst, src);
+  } else {
+    movl(dst, Address(src, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()));
+  }
+}
+
 void MacroAssembler::load_narrow_klass_compact(Register dst, Register src) {
   assert(UseCompactObjectHeaders, "expect compact object headers");
   movq(dst, Address(src, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
@@ -5449,6 +5577,11 @@ void MacroAssembler::load_klass(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp) {
   decode_klass_not_null(dst, tmp);
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::load_prototype_header(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp) {
+  load_klass(dst, src, tmp);
+  movptr(dst, Address(dst, Klass::prototype_header_offset()));
+}
+
 void MacroAssembler::store_klass(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp) {
   assert(!UseCompactObjectHeaders, "not with compact headers");
   assert_different_registers(src, tmp);
@@ -5505,6 +5638,28 @@ void MacroAssembler::access_store_at(BasicType type, DecoratorSet decorators, Ad
   }
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::flat_field_copy(DecoratorSet decorators, Register src, Register dst,
+                                     Register inline_layout_info) {
+  BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
+  bs->flat_field_copy(this, decorators, src, dst, inline_layout_info);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::payload_offset(Register inline_klass, Register offset) {
+  movptr(offset, Address(inline_klass, InlineKlass::adr_members_offset()));
+  movl(offset, Address(offset, InlineKlass::payload_offset_offset()));
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::payload_addr(Register oop, Register data, Register inline_klass) {
+  // ((address) (void*) o) + vk->payload_offset();
+  Register offset = (data == oop) ? rscratch1 : data;
+  payload_offset(inline_klass, offset);
+  if (data == oop) {
+    addptr(data, offset);
+  } else {
+    lea(data, Address(oop, offset));
+  }
+}
+
 void MacroAssembler::load_heap_oop(Register dst, Address src, Register tmp1, DecoratorSet decorators) {
   access_load_at(T_OBJECT, IN_HEAP | decorators, dst, src, tmp1);
 }
@@ -5867,20 +6022,505 @@ void MacroAssembler::reinit_heapbase() {
   }
 }
 
+int MacroAssembler::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(ciInlineKlass* vk, bool from_interpreter) {
+  assert(InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, "Inline types should never be returned as fields");
+  // An inline type might be returned. If fields are in registers we
+  // need to allocate an inline type instance and initialize it with
+  // the value of the fields.
+  Label skip;
+  // We only need a new buffered inline type if a new one is not returned
+  testptr(rax, 1);
+  jcc(Assembler::zero, skip);
+  int call_offset = -1;
+
+  // The following code is similar to allocation code in TemplateTable::_new but has some slight differences,
+  // e.g. object size is always not zero, sometimes it's constant; storing klass ptr after
+  // allocating is not necessary if vk != nullptr, etc.
+  Label slow_case;
+  // 1. Try to allocate a new buffered inline instance either from TLAB or eden space
+  mov(rscratch1, rax); // save rax for slow_case since *_allocate may corrupt it when allocation failed
+  if (vk != nullptr) {
+    // Called from C1, where the return type is statically known.
+    movptr(rbx, (intptr_t)vk->get_InlineKlass());
+    jint lh = vk->layout_helper();
+    assert(lh != Klass::_lh_neutral_value, "inline class in return type must have been resolved");
+    if (UseTLAB && !Klass::layout_helper_needs_slow_path(lh)) {
+      tlab_allocate(rax, noreg, lh, r13, r14, slow_case);
+    } else {
+      jmp(slow_case);
+    }
+  } else {
+    // Call from interpreter. RAX contains ((the InlineKlass* of the return type) | 0x01)
+    mov(rbx, rax);
+    andptr(rbx, -2);
+    if (UseTLAB) {
+      movl(r14, Address(rbx, Klass::layout_helper_offset()));
+      testl(r14, Klass::_lh_instance_slow_path_bit);
+      jcc(Assembler::notZero, slow_case);
+      tlab_allocate(rax, r14, 0, r13, r14, slow_case);
+    } else {
+      jmp(slow_case);
+    }
+  }
+  if (UseTLAB) {
+    // 2. Initialize buffered inline instance header
+    Register buffer_obj = rax;
+    Register klass = rbx;
+    if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+      Register mark_word = r13;
+      movptr(mark_word, Address(klass, Klass::prototype_header_offset()));
+      movptr(Address(buffer_obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()), mark_word);
+    } else {
+      movptr(Address(buffer_obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()), (intptr_t)markWord::inline_type_prototype().value());
+      xorl(r13, r13);
+      store_klass_gap(buffer_obj, r13);
+      if (vk == nullptr) {
+        // store_klass corrupts rbx(klass), so save it in r13 for later use (interpreter case only).
+        mov(r13, klass);
+      }
+      store_klass(buffer_obj, klass, rscratch1);
+      klass = r13;
+    }
+    // 3. Initialize its fields with an inline class specific handler
+    if (vk != nullptr) {
+      call(RuntimeAddress(vk->pack_handler())); // no need for call info as this will not safepoint.
+    } else {
+      movptr(rbx, Address(klass, InlineKlass::adr_members_offset()));
+      movptr(rbx, Address(rbx, InlineKlass::pack_handler_offset()));
+      call(rbx);
+    }
+    jmp(skip);
+  }
+  bind(slow_case);
+  // We failed to allocate a new inline type, fall back to a runtime
+  // call. Some oop field may be live in some registers but we can't
+  // tell. That runtime call will take care of preserving them
+  // across a GC if there's one.
+  mov(rax, rscratch1);
+
+  if (from_interpreter) {
+    super_call_VM_leaf(SharedRuntime::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf_entry());
+  } else {
+    call(RuntimeAddress(SharedRuntime::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf_entry()));
+    call_offset = offset();
+  }
+
+  bind(skip);
+  return call_offset;
+}
+
+// Move a value between registers/stack slots and update the reg_state
+bool MacroAssembler::move_helper(VMReg from, VMReg to, BasicType bt, RegState reg_state[]) {
+  assert(from->is_valid() && to->is_valid(), "source and destination must be valid");
+  if (reg_state[to->value()] == reg_written) {
+    return true; // Already written
+  }
+  if (from != to && bt != T_VOID) {
+    if (reg_state[to->value()] == reg_readonly) {
+      return false; // Not yet writable
+    }
+    if (from->is_reg()) {
+      if (to->is_reg()) {
+        if (from->is_XMMRegister()) {
+          if (bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+            movdbl(to->as_XMMRegister(), from->as_XMMRegister());
+          } else {
+            assert(bt == T_FLOAT, "must be float");
+            movflt(to->as_XMMRegister(), from->as_XMMRegister());
+          }
+        } else {
+          movq(to->as_Register(), from->as_Register());
+        }
+      } else {
+        int st_off = to->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size + wordSize;
+        Address to_addr = Address(rsp, st_off);
+        if (from->is_XMMRegister()) {
+          if (bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+            movdbl(to_addr, from->as_XMMRegister());
+          } else {
+            assert(bt == T_FLOAT, "must be float");
+            movflt(to_addr, from->as_XMMRegister());
+          }
+        } else {
+          movq(to_addr, from->as_Register());
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      Address from_addr = Address(rsp, from->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size + wordSize);
+      if (to->is_reg()) {
+        if (to->is_XMMRegister()) {
+          if (bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+            movdbl(to->as_XMMRegister(), from_addr);
+          } else {
+            assert(bt == T_FLOAT, "must be float");
+            movflt(to->as_XMMRegister(), from_addr);
+          }
+        } else {
+          movq(to->as_Register(), from_addr);
+        }
+      } else {
+        int st_off = to->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size + wordSize;
+        movq(r13, from_addr);
+        movq(Address(rsp, st_off), r13);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  // Update register states
+  reg_state[from->value()] = reg_writable;
+  reg_state[to->value()] = reg_written;
+  return true;
+}
+
+// Calculate the extra stack space required for packing or unpacking inline
+// args and adjust the stack pointer (see MacroAssembler::remove_frame).
+int MacroAssembler::extend_stack_for_inline_args(int args_on_stack) {
+  int sp_inc = args_on_stack * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
+  sp_inc = align_up(sp_inc, StackAlignmentInBytes);
+  assert(sp_inc > 0, "sanity");
+  // Two additional slots to account for return address
+  sp_inc +=  2 * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
+
+  push(rbp);
+  subptr(rsp, sp_inc);
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  movl(Address(rsp, 0), badRegWordVal);
+  movl(Address(rsp, VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size), badRegWordVal);
+#endif
+  return sp_inc + wordSize; // account for rbp space
+}
+
+// Read all fields from an inline type buffer and store the field values in registers/stack slots.
+bool MacroAssembler::unpack_inline_helper(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int& sig_index,
+                                          VMReg from, int& from_index, VMRegPair* to, int to_count, int& to_index,
+                                          RegState reg_state[]) {
+  assert(sig->at(sig_index)._bt == T_VOID, "should be at end delimiter");
+  assert(from->is_valid(), "source must be valid");
+  bool progress = false;
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  const int start_offset = offset();
+#endif
+
+  Label L_null, L_notNull;
+  // Don't use r14 as tmp because it's used for spilling (see MacroAssembler::spill_reg_for)
+  Register tmp1 = r10;
+  Register tmp2 = r13;
+  Register fromReg = noreg;
+  ScalarizedInlineArgsStream stream(sig, sig_index, to, to_count, to_index, true);
+  bool done = true;
+  bool mark_done = true;
+  VMReg toReg;
+  BasicType bt;
+  // Check if argument requires a null check
+  bool null_check = false;
+  VMReg nullCheckReg;
+  while (stream.next(nullCheckReg, bt)) {
+    if (sig->at(stream.sig_index())._offset == -1) {
+      null_check = true;
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  stream.reset(sig_index, to_index);
+  while (stream.next(toReg, bt)) {
+    assert(toReg->is_valid(), "destination must be valid");
+    int idx = (int)toReg->value();
+    if (reg_state[idx] == reg_readonly) {
+      if (idx != from->value()) {
+        mark_done = false;
+      }
+      done = false;
+      continue;
+    } else if (reg_state[idx] == reg_written) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    assert(reg_state[idx] == reg_writable, "must be writable");
+    reg_state[idx] = reg_written;
+    progress = true;
+
+    if (fromReg == noreg) {
+      if (from->is_reg()) {
+        fromReg = from->as_Register();
+      } else {
+        int st_off = from->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size + wordSize;
+        movq(tmp1, Address(rsp, st_off));
+        fromReg = tmp1;
+      }
+      if (null_check) {
+        // Nullable inline type argument, emit null check
+        testptr(fromReg, fromReg);
+        jcc(Assembler::zero, L_null);
+      }
+    }
+    int off = sig->at(stream.sig_index())._offset;
+    if (off == -1) {
+      assert(null_check, "Missing null check at");
+      if (toReg->is_stack()) {
+        int st_off = toReg->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size + wordSize;
+        movq(Address(rsp, st_off), 1);
+      } else {
+        movq(toReg->as_Register(), 1);
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (sig->at(stream.sig_index())._vt_oop) {
+      if (toReg->is_stack()) {
+        int st_off = toReg->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size + wordSize;
+        movq(Address(rsp, st_off), fromReg);
+      } else {
+        movq(toReg->as_Register(), fromReg);
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+    assert(off > 0, "offset in object should be positive");
+    Address fromAddr = Address(fromReg, off);
+    if (!toReg->is_XMMRegister()) {
+      Register dst = toReg->is_stack() ? tmp2 : toReg->as_Register();
+      if (is_reference_type(bt)) {
+        load_heap_oop(dst, fromAddr);
+      } else {
+        bool is_signed = (bt != T_CHAR) && (bt != T_BOOLEAN);
+        load_sized_value(dst, fromAddr, type2aelembytes(bt), is_signed);
+      }
+      if (toReg->is_stack()) {
+        int st_off = toReg->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size + wordSize;
+        movq(Address(rsp, st_off), dst);
+      }
+    } else if (bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+      movdbl(toReg->as_XMMRegister(), fromAddr);
+    } else {
+      assert(bt == T_FLOAT, "must be float");
+      movflt(toReg->as_XMMRegister(), fromAddr);
+    }
+  }
+  if (progress && null_check) {
+    if (done) {
+      jmp(L_notNull);
+      bind(L_null);
+      // Set null marker to zero to signal that the argument is null.
+      // Also set all fields to zero since the runtime requires a canonical
+      // representation of a flat null.
+      stream.reset(sig_index, to_index);
+      while (stream.next(toReg, bt)) {
+        if (toReg->is_stack()) {
+          int st_off = toReg->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size + wordSize;
+          movq(Address(rsp, st_off), 0);
+        } else if (toReg->is_XMMRegister()) {
+          xorps(toReg->as_XMMRegister(), toReg->as_XMMRegister());
+        } else {
+          xorl(toReg->as_Register(), toReg->as_Register());
+        }
+      }
+      bind(L_notNull);
+    } else {
+      bind(L_null);
+    }
+  }
+
+  sig_index = stream.sig_index();
+  to_index = stream.regs_index();
+
+  if (mark_done && reg_state[from->value()] != reg_written) {
+    // This is okay because no one else will write to that slot
+    reg_state[from->value()] = reg_writable;
+  }
+  from_index--;
+  assert(progress || (start_offset == offset()), "should not emit code");
+  return done;
+}
+
+bool MacroAssembler::pack_inline_helper(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int& sig_index, int vtarg_index,
+                                        VMRegPair* from, int from_count, int& from_index, VMReg to,
+                                        RegState reg_state[], Register val_array) {
+  assert(sig->at(sig_index)._bt == T_METADATA, "should be at delimiter");
+  assert(to->is_valid(), "destination must be valid");
+
+  if (reg_state[to->value()] == reg_written) {
+    skip_unpacked_fields(sig, sig_index, from, from_count, from_index);
+    return true; // Already written
+  }
+
+  // Be careful with r14 because it's used for spilling (see MacroAssembler::spill_reg_for).
+  Register val_obj_tmp = r11;
+  Register from_reg_tmp = r14;
+  Register tmp1 = r10;
+  Register tmp2 = r13;
+  Register tmp3 = rbx;
+  Register val_obj = to->is_stack() ? val_obj_tmp : to->as_Register();
+
+  assert_different_registers(val_obj_tmp, from_reg_tmp, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, val_array);
+
+  if (reg_state[to->value()] == reg_readonly) {
+    if (!is_reg_in_unpacked_fields(sig, sig_index, to, from, from_count, from_index)) {
+      skip_unpacked_fields(sig, sig_index, from, from_count, from_index);
+      return false; // Not yet writable
+    }
+    val_obj = val_obj_tmp;
+  }
+
+  ScalarizedInlineArgsStream stream(sig, sig_index, from, from_count, from_index);
+  VMReg fromReg;
+  BasicType bt;
+  Label L_null;
+  while (stream.next(fromReg, bt)) {
+    assert(fromReg->is_valid(), "source must be valid");
+    reg_state[fromReg->value()] = reg_writable;
+
+    int off = sig->at(stream.sig_index())._offset;
+    if (off == -1) {
+      // Nullable inline type argument, emit null check
+      Label L_notNull;
+      if (fromReg->is_stack()) {
+        int ld_off = fromReg->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size + wordSize;
+        testb(Address(rsp, ld_off), 1);
+      } else {
+        testb(fromReg->as_Register(), 1);
+      }
+      jcc(Assembler::notZero, L_notNull);
+      movptr(val_obj, 0);
+      jmp(L_null);
+      bind(L_notNull);
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (sig->at(stream.sig_index())._vt_oop) {
+      // buffer argument: use if non null
+      if (fromReg->is_stack()) {
+        int ld_off = fromReg->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size + wordSize;
+        movptr(val_obj, Address(rsp, ld_off));
+      } else {
+        movptr(val_obj, fromReg->as_Register());
+      }
+      testptr(val_obj, val_obj);
+      jcc(Assembler::notEqual, L_null);
+      // otherwise get the buffer from the just allocated pool of buffers
+      int index = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT) + vtarg_index * type2aelembytes(T_OBJECT);
+      load_heap_oop(val_obj, Address(val_array, index));
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    assert(off > 0, "offset in object should be positive");
+    size_t size_in_bytes = is_java_primitive(bt) ? type2aelembytes(bt) : wordSize;
+
+    // Pack the scalarized field into the value object.
+    Address dst(val_obj, off);
+    if (!fromReg->is_XMMRegister()) {
+      Register src;
+      if (fromReg->is_stack()) {
+        src = from_reg_tmp;
+        int ld_off = fromReg->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size + wordSize;
+        load_sized_value(src, Address(rsp, ld_off), size_in_bytes, /* is_signed */ false);
+      } else {
+        src = fromReg->as_Register();
+      }
+      assert_different_registers(dst.base(), src, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, val_array);
+      if (is_reference_type(bt)) {
+        // store_heap_oop transitively calls oop_store_at which corrupts to.base(). We need to keep val_obj valid.
+        mov(tmp3, val_obj);
+        Address dst_with_tmp3(tmp3, off);
+        store_heap_oop(dst_with_tmp3, src, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, IN_HEAP | ACCESS_WRITE | IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED);
+      } else {
+        store_sized_value(dst, src, size_in_bytes);
+      }
+    } else if (bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+      movdbl(dst, fromReg->as_XMMRegister());
+    } else {
+      assert(bt == T_FLOAT, "must be float");
+      movflt(dst, fromReg->as_XMMRegister());
+    }
+  }
+  bind(L_null);
+  sig_index = stream.sig_index();
+  from_index = stream.regs_index();
+
+  assert(reg_state[to->value()] == reg_writable, "must have already been read");
+  bool success = move_helper(val_obj->as_VMReg(), to, T_OBJECT, reg_state);
+  assert(success, "to register must be writable");
+  return true;
+}
+
+VMReg MacroAssembler::spill_reg_for(VMReg reg) {
+  return reg->is_XMMRegister() ? xmm8->as_VMReg() : r14->as_VMReg();
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::remove_frame(int initial_framesize, bool needs_stack_repair) {
+  assert((initial_framesize & (StackAlignmentInBytes-1)) == 0, "frame size not aligned");
+  if (needs_stack_repair) {
+    // The method has a scalarized entry point (where fields of value object arguments
+    // are passed through registers and stack), and a non-scalarized entry point (where
+    // value object arguments are given as oops). The non-scalarized entry point will
+    // first load each field of value object arguments and store them in registers and on
+    // the stack in a way compatible with the scalarized entry point. To do so, some extra
+    // stack space might be reserved (if argument registers are not enough). On leaving the
+    // method, this space must be freed.
+    //
+    // In case we used the non-scalarized entry point the stack looks like this:
+    //
+    // | Arguments from caller     |
+    // |---------------------------|  <-- caller's SP
+    // | Return address #1         |
+    // | Saved RBP #1              |
+    // |---------------------------|
+    // | Extension space for       |
+    // |   inline arg (un)packing  |
+    // |---------------------------|  <-- start of this method's frame
+    // | Return address #2         |
+    // | Saved RBP #2              |
+    // |---------------------------|  <-- RBP (with -XX:+PreserveFramePointer)
+    // | sp_inc                    |
+    // | method locals             |
+    // |---------------------------|  <-- SP
+    //
+    // Space for the return pc and saved rbp is reserved twice. But only the #1 copies
+    // contain the real values of return pc and saved rbp. The #2 copies are not reliable
+    // and should not be used. They are mostly needed to add space between the extension
+    // space and the locals, as there would be between the real arguments and the locals
+    // if we don't need to do unpacking (from the scalarized entry point).
+    //
+    // When leaving, one must load RBP #1 into RBP, and use the copy #1 of the return address,
+    // while keeping in mind that from the scalarized entry point, there will be only one
+    // copy. Indeed, in the case we used the scalarized calling convention, the stack looks like this:
+    //
+    // | Arguments from caller     |
+    // |---------------------------|  <-- caller's SP
+    // | Return address            |
+    // | Saved RBP                 |
+    // |---------------------------|  <-- FP (with -XX:+PreserveFramePointer)
+    // | sp_inc                    |
+    // | method locals             |
+    // |---------------------------|  <-- SP
+    //
+    // The sp_inc stack slot holds the total size of the frame, including the extension
+    // space and copies #2 of the return address and the saved RBP (but never the copies
+    // #1 of the return address and saved RBP). That is how to find the copies #1 of the
+    // return address and saved rbp. This size is expressed in bytes. Be careful when using
+    // it from C++ in pointer arithmetic you might need to divide it by wordSize.
+
+    // The stack increment resides just below the saved rbp
+    addq(rsp, Address(rsp, initial_framesize - wordSize));
+    pop(rbp);
+  } else {
+    if (initial_framesize > 0) {
+      addq(rsp, initial_framesize);
+    }
+    pop(rbp);
+  }
+}
+
 #ifdef COMPILER2
 
 // clear memory of size 'cnt' qwords, starting at 'base' using XMM/YMM/ZMM registers
-void MacroAssembler::xmm_clear_mem(Register base, Register cnt, Register rtmp, XMMRegister xtmp, KRegister mask) {
+void MacroAssembler::xmm_clear_mem(Register base, Register cnt, Register val, XMMRegister xtmp, KRegister mask) {
   // cnt - number of qwords (8-byte words).
   // base - start address, qword aligned.
   Label L_zero_64_bytes, L_loop, L_sloop, L_tail, L_end;
   bool use64byteVector = (MaxVectorSize == 64) && (CopyAVX3Threshold == 0) && VM_Version::supports_bmi2();
   if (use64byteVector) {
-    vpxor(xtmp, xtmp, xtmp, AVX_512bit);
+    evpbroadcastq(xtmp, val, AVX_512bit);
   } else if (MaxVectorSize >= 32) {
-    vpxor(xtmp, xtmp, xtmp, AVX_256bit);
+    movdq(xtmp, val);
+    punpcklqdq(xtmp, xtmp);
+    vinserti128_high(xtmp, xtmp);
   } else {
-    pxor(xtmp, xtmp);
+    movdq(xtmp, val);
+    punpcklqdq(xtmp, xtmp);
   }
   jmp(L_zero_64_bytes);
 
@@ -5903,7 +6543,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::xmm_clear_mem(Register base, Register cnt, Register rtmp, X
   if (use64byteVector) {
     addptr(cnt, 8);
     jccb(Assembler::equal, L_end);
-    fill64_masked(3, base, 0, xtmp, mask, cnt, rtmp, true);
+    fill64_masked(3, base, 0, xtmp, mask, cnt, val, true);
     jmp(L_end);
   } else {
     addptr(cnt, 4);
@@ -5922,7 +6562,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::xmm_clear_mem(Register base, Register cnt, Register rtmp, X
   addptr(cnt, 4);
   jccb(Assembler::lessEqual, L_end);
   if (UseAVX > 2 && MaxVectorSize >= 32 && VM_Version::supports_avx512vl() && VM_Version::supports_bmi2()) {
-    fill32_masked(3, base, 0, xtmp, mask, cnt, rtmp);
+    fill32_masked(3, base, 0, xtmp, mask, cnt, val);
   } else {
     decrement(cnt);
 
@@ -6024,21 +6664,18 @@ void MacroAssembler::clear_mem(Register base, int cnt, Register rtmp, XMMRegiste
   }
 }
 
-void MacroAssembler::clear_mem(Register base, Register cnt, Register tmp, XMMRegister xtmp,
-                               bool is_large, KRegister mask) {
+void MacroAssembler::clear_mem(Register base, Register cnt, Register val, XMMRegister xtmp,
+                               bool is_large, bool word_copy_only, KRegister mask) {
   // cnt      - number of qwords (8-byte words).
   // base     - start address, qword aligned.
   // is_large - if optimizers know cnt is larger than InitArrayShortSize
   assert(base==rdi, "base register must be edi for rep stos");
-  assert(tmp==rax,   "tmp register must be eax for rep stos");
+  assert(val==rax,   "val register must be eax for rep stos");
   assert(cnt==rcx,   "cnt register must be ecx for rep stos");
   assert(InitArrayShortSize % BytesPerLong == 0,
     "InitArrayShortSize should be the multiple of BytesPerLong");
 
   Label DONE;
-  if (!is_large || !UseXMMForObjInit) {
-    xorptr(tmp, tmp);
-  }
 
   if (!is_large) {
     Label LOOP, LONG;
@@ -6050,7 +6687,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::clear_mem(Register base, Register cnt, Register tmp, XMMReg
 
     // Use individual pointer-sized stores for small counts:
     BIND(LOOP);
-    movptr(Address(base, cnt, Address::times_ptr), tmp);
+    movptr(Address(base, cnt, Address::times_ptr), val);
     decrement(cnt);
     jccb(Assembler::greaterEqual, LOOP);
     jmpb(DONE);
@@ -6059,11 +6696,11 @@ void MacroAssembler::clear_mem(Register base, Register cnt, Register tmp, XMMReg
   }
 
   // Use longer rep-prefixed ops for non-small counts:
-  if (UseFastStosb) {
+  if (UseFastStosb && !word_copy_only) {
     shlptr(cnt, 3); // convert to number of bytes
     rep_stosb();
   } else if (UseXMMForObjInit) {
-    xmm_clear_mem(base, cnt, tmp, xtmp, mask);
+    xmm_clear_mem(base, cnt, val, xtmp, mask);
   } else {
     rep_stos();
   }
@@ -9980,6 +10617,9 @@ void MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register basic_lock, Register obj, Register reg_r
   movptr(tmp, reg_rax);
   andptr(tmp, ~(int32_t)markWord::unlocked_value);
   orptr(reg_rax, markWord::unlocked_value);
+  // Mask inline_type bit such that we go to the slow path if object is an inline type
+  andptr(reg_rax, ~((int) markWord::inline_type_bit_in_place));
+
   lock(); cmpxchgptr(tmp, Address(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
   jcc(Assembler::notEqual, slow);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.hpp
index a74c7b16f3e..35714d85e47 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.hpp
@@ -30,9 +30,12 @@
 #include "code/vmreg.inline.hpp"
 #include "compiler/oopMap.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
+#include "runtime/signature.hpp"
 #include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
 #include "utilities/checkedCast.hpp"
 
+class ciInlineKlass;
+
 // MacroAssembler extends Assembler by frequently used macros.
 //
 // Instructions for which a 'better' code sequence exists depending
@@ -94,6 +97,26 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   static bool needs_explicit_null_check(intptr_t offset);
   static bool uses_implicit_null_check(void* address);
 
+  // markWord tests, kills markWord reg
+  void test_markword_is_inline_type(Register markword, Label& is_inline_type);
+
+  // inlineKlass queries, kills temp_reg
+  void test_oop_is_not_inline_type(Register object, Register tmp, Label& not_inline_type, bool can_be_null = true);
+
+  void test_field_is_null_free_inline_type(Register flags, Register temp_reg, Label& is_null_free);
+  void test_field_is_not_null_free_inline_type(Register flags, Register temp_reg, Label& not_null_free);
+  void test_field_is_flat(Register flags, Register temp_reg, Label& is_flat);
+
+  // Check oops for special arrays, i.e. flat arrays and/or null-free arrays
+  void test_oop_prototype_bit(Register oop, Register temp_reg, int32_t test_bit, bool jmp_set, Label& jmp_label);
+  void test_flat_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_flat_array);
+  void test_non_flat_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_non_flat_array);
+  void test_null_free_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_null_free_array);
+  void test_non_null_free_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_non_null_free_array);
+
+  // Check array klass layout helper for flat or null-free arrays...
+  void test_flat_array_layout(Register lh, Label& is_flat_array);
+
   // Required platform-specific helpers for Label::patch_instructions.
   // They _shadow_ the declarations in AbstractAssembler, which are undefined.
   void pd_patch_instruction(address branch, address target, const char* file, int line) {
@@ -349,6 +372,9 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   void load_method_holder(Register holder, Register method);
 
   // oop manipulations
+
+  // Load oopDesc._metadata without decode (useful for direct Klass* compare from oops)
+  void load_metadata(Register dst, Register src);
   void load_narrow_klass_compact(Register dst, Register src);
   void load_narrow_klass(Register dst, Register src);
   void load_klass(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp);
@@ -366,6 +392,12 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   void access_store_at(BasicType type, DecoratorSet decorators, Address dst, Register val,
                        Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3);
 
+  void flat_field_copy(DecoratorSet decorators, Register src, Register dst, Register inline_layout_info);
+
+  // inline type data payload offsets...
+  void payload_offset(Register inline_klass, Register offset);
+  void payload_addr(Register oop, Register data, Register inline_klass);
+
   void load_heap_oop(Register dst, Address src, Register tmp1 = noreg, DecoratorSet decorators = 0);
   void load_heap_oop_not_null(Register dst, Address src, Register tmp1 = noreg, DecoratorSet decorators = 0);
   void store_heap_oop(Address dst, Register val, Register tmp1 = noreg,
@@ -375,6 +407,8 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   // stored using routines that take a jobject.
   void store_heap_oop_null(Address dst);
 
+  void load_prototype_header(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp);
+
   void store_klass_gap(Register dst, Register src);
 
   // This dummy is to prevent a call to store_heap_oop from
@@ -522,6 +556,8 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   );
   void zero_memory(Register address, Register length_in_bytes, int offset_in_bytes, Register temp);
 
+  void inline_layout_info(Register klass, Register index, Register layout_info);
+
   void population_count(Register dst, Register src, Register scratch1, Register scratch2);
 
   // interface method calling
@@ -770,6 +806,7 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
 
   void andptr(Register dst, int32_t src);
   void andptr(Register src1, Register src2) { andq(src1, src2); }
+  void andptr(Register dst, Address src) { andq(dst, src); }
 
   using Assembler::andq;
   void andq(Register dst, AddressLiteral src, Register rscratch = noreg);
@@ -1930,9 +1967,12 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
 
 
  public:
+  // Inline type specific methods
+  #include "asm/macroAssembler_common.hpp"
+
   // clear memory of size 'cnt' qwords, starting at 'base';
   // if 'is_large' is set, do not try to produce short loop
-  void clear_mem(Register base, Register cnt, Register rtmp, XMMRegister xtmp, bool is_large, KRegister mask=knoreg);
+  void clear_mem(Register base, Register cnt, Register val, XMMRegister xtmp, bool is_large, bool word_copy_only, KRegister mask=knoreg);
 
   // clear memory initialization sequence for constant size;
   void clear_mem(Register base, int cnt, Register rtmp, XMMRegister xtmp, KRegister mask=knoreg);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/methodHandles_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/methodHandles_x86.cpp
index 5b15444bc32..9c8dd0dd0ba 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/methodHandles_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/methodHandles_x86.cpp
@@ -193,7 +193,11 @@ void MethodHandles::jump_from_method_handle(MacroAssembler* _masm, Register meth
     __ BIND(run_compiled_code);
   }
 
-  const ByteSize entry_offset = for_compiler_entry ? Method::from_compiled_offset() :
+  // The following jump might pass an inline type argument that was erased to Object as oop to a
+  // callee that expects inline type arguments to be passed as fields. We need to call the compiled
+  // value entry (_code->inline_entry_point() or _adapter->c2i_inline_entry()) which will take care
+  // of translating between the calling conventions.
+  const ByteSize entry_offset = for_compiler_entry ? Method::from_compiled_inline_offset() :
                                                      Method::from_interpreted_offset();
   __ jmp(Address(method, entry_offset));
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86_64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86_64.cpp
index 7fc105046ff..d52b03650ca 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86_64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86_64.cpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #endif
 #include "asm/macroAssembler.hpp"
 #include "asm/macroAssembler.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
 #include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
 #include "code/compiledIC.hpp"
 #include "code/debugInfoRec.hpp"
@@ -631,6 +632,87 @@ int SharedRuntime::java_calling_convention(const BasicType *sig_bt,
   return stk_args;
 }
 
+// Same as java_calling_convention() but for multiple return
+// values. There's no way to store them on the stack so if we don't
+// have enough registers, multiple values can't be returned.
+const uint SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_int = Argument::n_int_register_parameters_j+1;
+const uint SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_float = Argument::n_float_register_parameters_j;
+int SharedRuntime::java_return_convention(const BasicType *sig_bt,
+                                          VMRegPair *regs,
+                                          int total_args_passed) {
+  // Create the mapping between argument positions and
+  // registers.
+  static const Register INT_ArgReg[java_return_convention_max_int] = {
+    rax, j_rarg5, j_rarg4, j_rarg3, j_rarg2, j_rarg1, j_rarg0
+  };
+  static const XMMRegister FP_ArgReg[java_return_convention_max_float] = {
+    j_farg0, j_farg1, j_farg2, j_farg3,
+    j_farg4, j_farg5, j_farg6, j_farg7
+  };
+
+
+  uint int_args = 0;
+  uint fp_args = 0;
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < total_args_passed; i++) {
+    switch (sig_bt[i]) {
+    case T_BOOLEAN:
+    case T_CHAR:
+    case T_BYTE:
+    case T_SHORT:
+    case T_INT:
+      if (int_args < Argument::n_int_register_parameters_j+1) {
+        regs[i].set1(INT_ArgReg[int_args]->as_VMReg());
+        int_args++;
+      } else {
+        return -1;
+      }
+      break;
+    case T_VOID:
+      // halves of T_LONG or T_DOUBLE
+      assert(i != 0 && (sig_bt[i - 1] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i - 1] == T_DOUBLE), "expecting half");
+      regs[i].set_bad();
+      break;
+    case T_LONG:
+      assert(sig_bt[i + 1] == T_VOID, "expecting half");
+      // fall through
+    case T_OBJECT:
+    case T_ARRAY:
+    case T_ADDRESS:
+    case T_METADATA:
+      if (int_args < Argument::n_int_register_parameters_j+1) {
+        regs[i].set2(INT_ArgReg[int_args]->as_VMReg());
+        int_args++;
+      } else {
+        return -1;
+      }
+      break;
+    case T_FLOAT:
+      if (fp_args < Argument::n_float_register_parameters_j) {
+        regs[i].set1(FP_ArgReg[fp_args]->as_VMReg());
+        fp_args++;
+      } else {
+        return -1;
+      }
+      break;
+    case T_DOUBLE:
+      assert(sig_bt[i + 1] == T_VOID, "expecting half");
+      if (fp_args < Argument::n_float_register_parameters_j) {
+        regs[i].set2(FP_ArgReg[fp_args]->as_VMReg());
+        fp_args++;
+      } else {
+        return -1;
+      }
+      break;
+    default:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return int_args + fp_args;
+}
+
 // Patch the callers callsite with entry to compiled code if it exists.
 static void patch_callers_callsite(MacroAssembler *masm) {
   Label L;
@@ -673,12 +755,151 @@ static void patch_callers_callsite(MacroAssembler *masm) {
   __ bind(L);
 }
 
+// For each inline type argument, sig includes the list of fields of
+// the inline type. This utility function computes the number of
+// arguments for the call if inline types are passed by reference (the
+// calling convention the interpreter expects).
+static int compute_total_args_passed_int(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_extended) {
+  int total_args_passed = 0;
+  if (InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < sig_extended->length(); i++) {
+      BasicType bt = sig_extended->at(i)._bt;
+      if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+        // In sig_extended, an inline type argument starts with:
+        // T_METADATA, followed by the types of the fields of the
+        // inline type and T_VOID to mark the end of the value
+        // type. Inline types are flattened so, for instance, in the
+        // case of an inline type with an int field and an inline type
+        // field that itself has 2 fields, an int and a long:
+        // T_METADATA T_INT T_METADATA T_INT T_LONG T_VOID (second
+        // slot for the T_LONG) T_VOID (inner inline type) T_VOID
+        // (outer inline type)
+        total_args_passed++;
+        int vt = 1;
+        do {
+          i++;
+          BasicType bt = sig_extended->at(i)._bt;
+          BasicType prev_bt = sig_extended->at(i-1)._bt;
+          if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+            vt++;
+          } else if (bt == T_VOID &&
+                     prev_bt != T_LONG &&
+                     prev_bt != T_DOUBLE) {
+            vt--;
+          }
+        } while (vt != 0);
+      } else {
+        total_args_passed++;
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    total_args_passed = sig_extended->length();
+  }
+  return total_args_passed;
+}
+
+
+static void gen_c2i_adapter_helper(MacroAssembler* masm,
+                                   BasicType bt,
+                                   BasicType prev_bt,
+                                   size_t size_in_bytes,
+                                   const VMRegPair& reg_pair,
+                                   const Address& to,
+                                   int extraspace,
+                                   bool is_oop) {
+  if (bt == T_VOID) {
+    assert(prev_bt == T_LONG || prev_bt == T_DOUBLE, "missing half");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Say 4 args:
+  // i   st_off
+  // 0   32 T_LONG
+  // 1   24 T_VOID
+  // 2   16 T_OBJECT
+  // 3    8 T_BOOL
+  // -    0 return address
+  //
+  // However to make things extra confusing. Because we can fit a long/double in
+  // a single slot on a 64 bit vm and it would be silly to break them up, the interpreter
+  // leaves one slot empty and only stores to a single slot. In this case the
+  // slot that is occupied is the T_VOID slot. See I said it was confusing.
+
+  bool wide = (size_in_bytes == wordSize);
+  VMReg r_1 = reg_pair.first();
+  VMReg r_2 = reg_pair.second();
+  assert(r_2->is_valid() == wide, "invalid size");
+  if (!r_1->is_valid()) {
+    assert(!r_2->is_valid(), "must be invalid");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (!r_1->is_XMMRegister()) {
+    Register val = rax;
+    if (r_1->is_stack()) {
+      int ld_off = r_1->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size + extraspace;
+      __ load_sized_value(val, Address(rsp, ld_off), size_in_bytes, /* is_signed */ false);
+    } else {
+      val = r_1->as_Register();
+    }
+    assert_different_registers(to.base(), val, rscratch1);
+    if (is_oop) {
+      __ push(r13);
+      __ push(rbx);
+      // store_heap_oop transitively calls oop_store_at which corrupts to.base(). We need to keep it valid.
+      __ push(to.base());
+      __ store_heap_oop(to, val, rscratch1, r13, rbx, IN_HEAP | ACCESS_WRITE | IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED);
+      __ pop(to.base());
+      __ pop(rbx);
+      __ pop(r13);
+    } else {
+      __ store_sized_value(to, val, size_in_bytes);
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (wide) {
+      __ movdbl(to, r_1->as_XMMRegister());
+    } else {
+      __ movflt(to, r_1->as_XMMRegister());
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 static void gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
-                            int total_args_passed,
-                            int comp_args_on_stack,
-                            const BasicType *sig_bt,
+                            const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_extended,
                             const VMRegPair *regs,
-                            Label& skip_fixup) {
+                            bool requires_clinit_barrier,
+                            address& c2i_no_clinit_check_entry,
+                            Label& skip_fixup,
+                            address start,
+                            OopMapSet* oop_maps,
+                            int& frame_complete,
+                            int& frame_size_in_words,
+                            bool alloc_inline_receiver) {
+  if (requires_clinit_barrier) {
+    assert(VM_Version::supports_fast_class_init_checks(), "sanity");
+    Label L_skip_barrier;
+    Register method = rbx;
+
+    { // Bypass the barrier for non-static methods
+      Register flags = rscratch1;
+      __ load_unsigned_short(flags, Address(method, Method::access_flags_offset()));
+      __ testl(flags, JVM_ACC_STATIC);
+      __ jcc(Assembler::zero, L_skip_barrier); // non-static
+    }
+
+    Register klass = rscratch1;
+    __ load_method_holder(klass, method);
+    __ clinit_barrier(klass, &L_skip_barrier /*L_fast_path*/);
+
+    __ jump(RuntimeAddress(SharedRuntime::get_handle_wrong_method_stub())); // slow path
+
+    __ bind(L_skip_barrier);
+    c2i_no_clinit_check_entry = __ pc();
+  }
+
+  BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
+  bs->c2i_entry_barrier(masm);
+
   // Before we get into the guts of the C2I adapter, see if we should be here
   // at all.  We've come from compiled code and are attempting to jump to the
   // interpreter, which means the caller made a static call to get here
@@ -688,9 +909,51 @@ static void gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
 
   __ bind(skip_fixup);
 
+  if (InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs) {
+    // Is there an inline type argument?
+    bool has_inline_argument = false;
+    for (int i = 0; i < sig_extended->length() && !has_inline_argument; i++) {
+      has_inline_argument = (sig_extended->at(i)._bt == T_METADATA);
+    }
+    if (has_inline_argument) {
+      // There is at least a value type argument: we're coming from
+      // compiled code so we may not have buffers to back the value
+      // objects. Allocate the buffers here with a runtime call for
+      // the value arguments that needs a buffer.
+      OopMap* map = RegisterSaver::save_live_registers(masm, 0, &frame_size_in_words, /*save_wide_vectors*/ false);
+
+      frame_complete = __ offset();
+
+      __ set_last_Java_frame(noreg, noreg, nullptr, rscratch1);
+
+      __ mov(c_rarg0, r15_thread);
+      __ mov(c_rarg1, rbx);
+      __ mov64(c_rarg2, (int64_t)alloc_inline_receiver);
+      __ call(RuntimeAddress(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, SharedRuntime::allocate_inline_types)));
+
+      oop_maps->add_gc_map((int)(__ pc() - start), map);
+      __ reset_last_Java_frame(false);
+
+      RegisterSaver::restore_live_registers(masm);
+
+      Label no_exception;
+      __ cmpptr(Address(r15_thread, Thread::pending_exception_offset()), NULL_WORD);
+      __ jcc(Assembler::equal, no_exception);
+
+      __ movptr(Address(r15_thread, JavaThread::vm_result_oop_offset()), NULL_WORD);
+      __ movptr(rax, Address(r15_thread, Thread::pending_exception_offset()));
+      __ jump(RuntimeAddress(StubRoutines::forward_exception_entry()));
+
+      __ bind(no_exception);
+
+      // We get an array of objects from the runtime call
+      __ get_vm_result_oop(rscratch2); // Use rscratch2 (r11) as temporary because rscratch1 (r10) is trashed by movptr()
+    }
+  }
+
   // Since all args are passed on the stack, total_args_passed *
   // Interpreter::stackElementSize is the space we need.
-
+  int total_args_passed = compute_total_args_passed_int(sig_extended);
   assert(total_args_passed >= 0, "total_args_passed is %d", total_args_passed);
 
   int extraspace = (total_args_passed * Interpreter::stackElementSize);
@@ -725,96 +988,106 @@ static void gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
 #endif
 
   // Now write the args into the outgoing interpreter space
-  for (int i = 0; i < total_args_passed; i++) {
-    if (sig_bt[i] == T_VOID) {
-      assert(i > 0 && (sig_bt[i-1] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i-1] == T_DOUBLE), "missing half");
-      continue;
-    }
-
-    // offset to start parameters
-    int st_off   = (total_args_passed - i) * Interpreter::stackElementSize;
-    int next_off = st_off - Interpreter::stackElementSize;
-
-    // Say 4 args:
-    // i   st_off
-    // 0   32 T_LONG
-    // 1   24 T_VOID
-    // 2   16 T_OBJECT
-    // 3    8 T_BOOL
-    // -    0 return address
-    //
-    // However to make thing extra confusing. Because we can fit a long/double in
-    // a single slot on a 64 bt vm and it would be silly to break them up, the interpreter
-    // leaves one slot empty and only stores to a single slot. In this case the
-    // slot that is occupied is the T_VOID slot. See I said it was confusing.
-
-    VMReg r_1 = regs[i].first();
-    VMReg r_2 = regs[i].second();
-    if (!r_1->is_valid()) {
-      assert(!r_2->is_valid(), "");
-      continue;
-    }
-    if (r_1->is_stack()) {
-      // memory to memory use rax
-      int ld_off = r_1->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size + extraspace;
-      if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
-        // sign extend??
-        __ movl(rax, Address(rsp, ld_off));
-        __ movptr(Address(rsp, st_off), rax);
 
-      } else {
-
-        __ movq(rax, Address(rsp, ld_off));
-
-        // Two VMREgs|OptoRegs can be T_OBJECT, T_ADDRESS, T_DOUBLE, T_LONG
-        // T_DOUBLE and T_LONG use two slots in the interpreter
-        if ( sig_bt[i] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i] == T_DOUBLE) {
-          // ld_off == LSW, ld_off+wordSize == MSW
-          // st_off == MSW, next_off == LSW
-          __ movq(Address(rsp, next_off), rax);
+  // next_arg_comp is the next argument from the compiler point of
+  // view (inline type fields are passed in registers/on the stack). In
+  // sig_extended, an inline type argument starts with: T_METADATA,
+  // followed by the types of the fields of the inline type and T_VOID
+  // to mark the end of the inline type. ignored counts the number of
+  // T_METADATA/T_VOID. next_vt_arg is the next inline type argument:
+  // used to get the buffer for that argument from the pool of buffers
+  // we allocated above and want to pass to the
+  // interpreter. next_arg_int is the next argument from the
+  // interpreter point of view (inline types are passed by reference).
+  for (int next_arg_comp = 0, ignored = 0, next_vt_arg = 0, next_arg_int = 0;
+       next_arg_comp < sig_extended->length(); next_arg_comp++) {
+    assert(ignored <= next_arg_comp, "shouldn't skip over more slots than there are arguments");
+    assert(next_arg_int <= total_args_passed, "more arguments for the interpreter than expected?");
+    BasicType bt = sig_extended->at(next_arg_comp)._bt;
+    int st_off = (total_args_passed - next_arg_int) * Interpreter::stackElementSize;
+    if (!InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs || bt != T_METADATA) {
+      int next_off = st_off - Interpreter::stackElementSize;
+      const int offset = (bt == T_LONG || bt == T_DOUBLE) ? next_off : st_off;
+      const VMRegPair reg_pair = regs[next_arg_comp-ignored];
+      size_t size_in_bytes = reg_pair.second()->is_valid() ? 8 : 4;
+      gen_c2i_adapter_helper(masm, bt, next_arg_comp > 0 ? sig_extended->at(next_arg_comp-1)._bt : T_ILLEGAL,
+                             size_in_bytes, reg_pair, Address(rsp, offset), extraspace, false);
+      next_arg_int++;
 #ifdef ASSERT
-          // Overwrite the unused slot with known junk
-          __ mov64(rax, CONST64(0xdeadffffdeadaaaa));
-          __ movptr(Address(rsp, st_off), rax);
-#endif /* ASSERT */
-        } else {
-          __ movq(Address(rsp, st_off), rax);
-        }
+      if (bt == T_LONG || bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+        // Overwrite the unused slot with known junk
+        __ mov64(rax, CONST64(0xdeadffffdeadaaaa));
+        __ movptr(Address(rsp, st_off), rax);
       }
-    } else if (r_1->is_Register()) {
-      Register r = r_1->as_Register();
-      if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
-        // must be only an int (or less ) so move only 32bits to slot
-        // why not sign extend??
-        __ movl(Address(rsp, st_off), r);
-      } else {
-        // Two VMREgs|OptoRegs can be T_OBJECT, T_ADDRESS, T_DOUBLE, T_LONG
-        // T_DOUBLE and T_LONG use two slots in the interpreter
-        if ( sig_bt[i] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i] == T_DOUBLE) {
-          // long/double in gpr
-#ifdef ASSERT
-          // Overwrite the unused slot with known junk
-          __ mov64(rax, CONST64(0xdeadffffdeadaaab));
-          __ movptr(Address(rsp, st_off), rax);
 #endif /* ASSERT */
-          __ movq(Address(rsp, next_off), r);
+    } else {
+      ignored++;
+      next_arg_int++;
+      int vt = 1;
+      // write fields we get from compiled code in registers/stack
+      // slots to the buffer: we know we are done with that inline type
+      // argument when we hit the T_VOID that acts as an end of inline
+      // type delimiter for this inline type. Inline types are flattened
+      // so we might encounter embedded inline types. Each entry in
+      // sig_extended contains a field offset in the buffer.
+      Label L_null;
+      Label not_null_buffer;
+      do {
+        next_arg_comp++;
+        BasicType bt = sig_extended->at(next_arg_comp)._bt;
+        BasicType prev_bt = sig_extended->at(next_arg_comp-1)._bt;
+        if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+          vt++;
+          ignored++;
+        } else if (bt == T_VOID &&
+                   prev_bt != T_LONG &&
+                   prev_bt != T_DOUBLE) {
+          vt--;
+          ignored++;
+        } else if (sig_extended->at(next_arg_comp)._vt_oop) {
+          // buffer argument: use if non null
+          VMReg buffer = regs[next_arg_comp-ignored].first();
+          if (buffer->is_stack()) {
+            int ld_off = buffer->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size + extraspace;
+            __ movptr(r14, Address(rsp, ld_off));
+          } else {
+            __ movptr(r14, buffer->as_Register());
+          }
+          __ testptr(r14, r14);
+          __ jcc(Assembler::notEqual, not_null_buffer);
+          // otherwise get the buffer from the just allocated pool of buffers
+          int index = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT) + next_vt_arg * type2aelembytes(T_OBJECT);
+          __ load_heap_oop(r14, Address(rscratch2, index));
+          next_vt_arg++;
         } else {
-          __ movptr(Address(rsp, st_off), r);
+          int off = sig_extended->at(next_arg_comp)._offset;
+          if (off == -1) {
+            // Nullable inline type argument, emit null check
+            VMReg reg = regs[next_arg_comp-ignored].first();
+            Label L_notNull;
+            if (reg->is_stack()) {
+              int ld_off = reg->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size + extraspace;
+              __ testb(Address(rsp, ld_off), 1);
+            } else {
+              __ testb(reg->as_Register(), 1);
+            }
+            __ jcc(Assembler::notZero, L_notNull);
+            __ movptr(Address(rsp, st_off), 0);
+            __ jmp(L_null);
+            __ bind(L_notNull);
+            continue;
+          }
+          assert(off > 0, "offset in object should be positive");
+          size_t size_in_bytes = is_java_primitive(bt) ? type2aelembytes(bt) : wordSize;
+          bool is_oop = is_reference_type(bt);
+          gen_c2i_adapter_helper(masm, bt, next_arg_comp > 0 ? sig_extended->at(next_arg_comp-1)._bt : T_ILLEGAL,
+                                 size_in_bytes, regs[next_arg_comp-ignored], Address(r14, off), extraspace, is_oop);
         }
-      }
-    } else {
-      assert(r_1->is_XMMRegister(), "");
-      if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
-        // only a float use just part of the slot
-        __ movflt(Address(rsp, st_off), r_1->as_XMMRegister());
-      } else {
-#ifdef ASSERT
-        // Overwrite the unused slot with known junk
-        __ mov64(rax, CONST64(0xdeadffffdeadaaac));
-        __ movptr(Address(rsp, st_off), rax);
-#endif /* ASSERT */
-        __ movdbl(Address(rsp, next_off), r_1->as_XMMRegister());
-      }
+      } while (vt != 0);
+      // pass the buffer to the interpreter
+      __ bind(not_null_buffer);
+      __ movptr(Address(rsp, st_off), r14);
+      __ bind(L_null);
     }
   }
 
@@ -824,9 +1097,8 @@ static void gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
 }
 
 void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
-                                    int total_args_passed,
                                     int comp_args_on_stack,
-                                    const BasicType *sig_bt,
+                                    const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig,
                                     const VMRegPair *regs) {
 
   // Note: r13 contains the senderSP on entry. We must preserve it since
@@ -882,15 +1154,19 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
 
   // Will jump to the compiled code just as if compiled code was doing it.
   // Pre-load the register-jump target early, to schedule it better.
-  __ movptr(r11, Address(rbx, in_bytes(Method::from_compiled_offset())));
+  __ movptr(r11, Address(rbx, in_bytes(Method::from_compiled_inline_offset())));
+
+  int total_args_passed = sig->length();
 
   // Now generate the shuffle code.  Pick up all register args and move the
   // rest through the floating point stack top.
   for (int i = 0; i < total_args_passed; i++) {
-    if (sig_bt[i] == T_VOID) {
+    BasicType bt = sig->at(i)._bt;
+    if (bt == T_VOID) {
       // Longs and doubles are passed in native word order, but misaligned
       // in the 32-bit build.
-      assert(i > 0 && (sig_bt[i-1] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i-1] == T_DOUBLE), "missing half");
+      BasicType prev_bt = (i > 0) ? sig->at(i-1)._bt : T_ILLEGAL;
+      assert(i > 0 && (prev_bt == T_LONG || prev_bt == T_DOUBLE), "missing half");
       continue;
     }
 
@@ -932,7 +1208,7 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
         // are accessed as negative so LSW is at LOW address
 
         // ld_off is MSW so get LSW
-        const int offset = (sig_bt[i]==T_LONG||sig_bt[i]==T_DOUBLE)?
+        const int offset = (bt==T_LONG||bt==T_DOUBLE)?
                            next_off : ld_off;
         __ movq(r13, Address(saved_sp, offset));
         // st_off is LSW (i.e. reg.first())
@@ -947,7 +1223,7 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
         // the interpreter allocates two slots but only uses one for thr T_LONG or T_DOUBLE case
         // So we must adjust where to pick up the data to match the interpreter.
 
-        const int offset = (sig_bt[i]==T_LONG||sig_bt[i]==T_DOUBLE)?
+        const int offset = (bt==T_LONG||bt==T_DOUBLE)?
                            next_off : ld_off;
 
         // this can be a misaligned move
@@ -980,22 +1256,39 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
   __ movptr(Address(r15_thread, JavaThread::callee_target_offset()), rbx);
 
   // put Method* where a c2i would expect should we end up there
-  // only needed because eof c2 resolve stubs return Method* as a result in
+  // only needed because of c2 resolve stubs return Method* as a result in
   // rax
   __ mov(rax, rbx);
   __ jmp(r11);
 }
 
+static void gen_inline_cache_check(MacroAssembler *masm, Label& skip_fixup) {
+  Register data = rax;
+  __ ic_check(1 /* end_alignment */);
+  __ movptr(rbx, Address(data, CompiledICData::speculated_method_offset()));
+
+  // Method might have been compiled since the call site was patched to
+  // interpreted if that is the case treat it as a miss so we can get
+  // the call site corrected.
+  __ cmpptr(Address(rbx, in_bytes(Method::code_offset())), NULL_WORD);
+  __ jcc(Assembler::equal, skip_fixup);
+  __ jump(RuntimeAddress(SharedRuntime::get_ic_miss_stub()));
+}
+
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------
-void SharedRuntime::generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler *masm,
-                                            int total_args_passed,
+void SharedRuntime::generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler* masm,
                                             int comp_args_on_stack,
-                                            const BasicType *sig_bt,
-                                            const VMRegPair *regs,
-                                            address entry_address[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT]) {
+                                            const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig,
+                                            const VMRegPair* regs,
+                                            const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_cc,
+                                            const VMRegPair* regs_cc,
+                                            const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_cc_ro,
+                                            const VMRegPair* regs_cc_ro,
+                                            address entry_address[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT],
+                                            AdapterBlob*& new_adapter,
+                                            bool allocate_code_blob) {
   entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C] = __ pc();
-
-  gen_i2c_adapter(masm, total_args_passed, comp_args_on_stack, sig_bt, regs);
+  gen_i2c_adapter(masm, comp_args_on_stack, sig, regs);
 
   // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
   // Generate a C2I adapter.  On entry we know rbx holds the Method* during calls
@@ -1007,51 +1300,51 @@ void SharedRuntime::generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler *masm,
   // compiled code, which relies solely on SP and not RBP, get sick).
 
   entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified] = __ pc();
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified_Inline] = __ pc();
   Label skip_fixup;
 
-  Register data = rax;
-  Register receiver = j_rarg0;
-  Register temp = rbx;
+  gen_inline_cache_check(masm, skip_fixup);
 
-  {
-    __ ic_check(1 /* end_alignment */);
-    __ movptr(rbx, Address(data, CompiledICData::speculated_method_offset()));
-    // Method might have been compiled since the call site was patched to
-    // interpreted if that is the case treat it as a miss so we can get
-    // the call site corrected.
-    __ cmpptr(Address(rbx, in_bytes(Method::code_offset())), NULL_WORD);
-    __ jcc(Assembler::equal, skip_fixup);
-    __ jump(RuntimeAddress(SharedRuntime::get_ic_miss_stub()));
-  }
-
-  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I] = __ pc();
+  OopMapSet* oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+  int frame_complete = CodeOffsets::frame_never_safe;
+  int frame_size_in_words = 0;
 
-  // Class initialization barrier for static methods
+  // Scalarized c2i adapter with non-scalarized receiver (i.e., don't pack receiver)
   entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check] = nullptr;
-  assert(VM_Version::supports_fast_class_init_checks(), "sanity");
-  Label L_skip_barrier;
-  Register method = rbx;
-
-  // Bypass the barrier for non-static methods
-  Register flags = rscratch1;
-  __ load_unsigned_short(flags, Address(method, Method::access_flags_offset()));
-  __ testl(flags, JVM_ACC_STATIC);
-  __ jcc(Assembler::zero, L_skip_barrier); // non-static
-
-  Register klass = rscratch1;
-  __ load_method_holder(klass, method);
-  __ clinit_barrier(klass, &L_skip_barrier /*L_fast_path*/);
-
-  __ jump(RuntimeAddress(SharedRuntime::get_handle_wrong_method_stub())); // slow path
-
-  __ bind(L_skip_barrier);
-  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check] = __ pc();
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Inline_RO] = __ pc();
+  if (regs_cc != regs_cc_ro) {
+    // No class init barrier needed because method is guaranteed to be non-static
+    gen_c2i_adapter(masm, sig_cc_ro, regs_cc_ro, /* requires_clinit_barrier = */ false, entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check],
+                    skip_fixup, entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C], oop_maps, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, /* alloc_inline_receiver = */ false);
+    skip_fixup.reset();
+  }
 
-  BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
-  bs->c2i_entry_barrier(masm);
+  // Scalarized c2i adapter
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I]        = __ pc();
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Inline] = __ pc();
+  gen_c2i_adapter(masm, sig_cc, regs_cc, /* requires_clinit_barrier = */ true, entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check],
+                  skip_fixup, entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C], oop_maps, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, /* alloc_inline_receiver = */ true);
+
+  // Non-scalarized c2i adapter
+  if (regs != regs_cc) {
+    entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified_Inline] = __ pc();
+    Label inline_entry_skip_fixup;
+    gen_inline_cache_check(masm, inline_entry_skip_fixup);
+
+    entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Inline] = __ pc();
+    gen_c2i_adapter(masm, sig, regs, /* requires_clinit_barrier = */ true, entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check],
+                    inline_entry_skip_fixup, entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C], oop_maps, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, /* alloc_inline_receiver = */ false);
+  }
 
-  gen_c2i_adapter(masm, total_args_passed, comp_args_on_stack, sig_bt, regs, skip_fixup);
-  return;
+  // The c2i adapters might safepoint and trigger a GC. The caller must make sure that
+  // the GC knows about the location of oop argument locations passed to the c2i adapter.
+  if (allocate_code_blob) {
+    bool caller_must_gc_arguments = (regs != regs_cc);
+    int entry_offset[AdapterHandlerEntry::ENTRIES_COUNT];
+    assert(AdapterHandlerEntry::ENTRIES_COUNT == 7, "sanity");
+    AdapterHandlerLibrary::address_to_offset(entry_address, entry_offset);
+    new_adapter = AdapterBlob::create(masm->code(), entry_offset, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, oop_maps, caller_must_gc_arguments);
+  }
 }
 
 int SharedRuntime::c_calling_convention(const BasicType *sig_bt,
@@ -3437,6 +3730,314 @@ void SharedRuntime::montgomery_square(jint *a_ints, jint *n_ints,
   reverse_words(m, (julong *)m_ints, longwords);
 }
 
+BufferedInlineTypeBlob* SharedRuntime::generate_buffered_inline_type_adapter(const InlineKlass* vk) {
+  BufferBlob* buf = BufferBlob::create("inline types pack/unpack", 16 * K);
+  if (buf == nullptr) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  CodeBuffer buffer(buf);
+  short buffer_locs[20];
+  buffer.insts()->initialize_shared_locs((relocInfo*)buffer_locs,
+                                         sizeof(buffer_locs)/sizeof(relocInfo));
+
+  MacroAssembler* masm = new MacroAssembler(&buffer);
+
+  const Array<SigEntry>* sig_vk = vk->extended_sig();
+  const Array<VMRegPair>* regs = vk->return_regs();
+
+  int pack_fields_jobject_off = __ offset();
+  // Resolve pre-allocated buffer from JNI handle.
+  // We cannot do this in generate_call_stub() because it requires GC code to be initialized.
+  __ movptr(rax, Address(r13, 0));
+  __ resolve_jobject(rax /* value */,
+                     r12 /* tmp */);
+  __ movptr(Address(r13, 0), rax);
+
+  int pack_fields_off = __ offset();
+
+  int j = 1;
+  for (int i = 0; i < sig_vk->length(); i++) {
+    BasicType bt = sig_vk->at(i)._bt;
+    if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (bt == T_VOID) {
+      if (sig_vk->at(i-1)._bt == T_LONG ||
+          sig_vk->at(i-1)._bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+        j++;
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+    int off = sig_vk->at(i)._offset;
+    assert(off > 0, "offset in object should be positive");
+    VMRegPair pair = regs->at(j);
+    VMReg r_1 = pair.first();
+    Address to(rax, off);
+    if (bt == T_FLOAT) {
+      __ movflt(to, r_1->as_XMMRegister());
+    } else if (bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+      __ movdbl(to, r_1->as_XMMRegister());
+    } else {
+      Register val = r_1->as_Register();
+      assert_different_registers(to.base(), val, r14, r13, rbx, rscratch1);
+      if (is_reference_type(bt)) {
+        // store_heap_oop transitively calls oop_store_at which corrupts to.base(). We need to keep rax valid.
+        __ mov(rbx, rax);
+        Address to_with_rbx(rbx, off);
+        __ store_heap_oop(to_with_rbx, val, r14, r13, rbx, IN_HEAP | ACCESS_WRITE | IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED);
+      } else {
+        __ store_sized_value(to, r_1->as_Register(), type2aelembytes(bt));
+      }
+    }
+    j++;
+  }
+  assert(j == regs->length(), "missed a field?");
+  if (vk->supports_nullable_layouts()) {
+    // Set the null marker
+    __ movb(Address(rax, vk->null_marker_offset()), 1);
+  }
+  __ ret(0);
+
+  int unpack_fields_off = __ offset();
+
+  Label skip;
+  Label not_null;
+  __ testptr(rax, rax);
+  __ jcc(Assembler::notZero, not_null);
+
+  // Return value is null. Zero all registers because the runtime requires a canonical
+  // representation of a flat null.
+  j = 1;
+  for (int i = 0; i < sig_vk->length(); i++) {
+    BasicType bt = sig_vk->at(i)._bt;
+    if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (bt == T_VOID) {
+      if (sig_vk->at(i-1)._bt == T_LONG ||
+          sig_vk->at(i-1)._bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+        j++;
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    VMRegPair pair = regs->at(j);
+    VMReg r_1 = pair.first();
+    if (r_1->is_XMMRegister()) {
+      __ xorps(r_1->as_XMMRegister(), r_1->as_XMMRegister());
+    } else {
+      __ xorl(r_1->as_Register(), r_1->as_Register());
+    }
+    j++;
+  }
+  __ jmp(skip);
+  __ bind(not_null);
+
+  j = 1;
+  for (int i = 0; i < sig_vk->length(); i++) {
+    BasicType bt = sig_vk->at(i)._bt;
+    if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (bt == T_VOID) {
+      if (sig_vk->at(i-1)._bt == T_LONG ||
+          sig_vk->at(i-1)._bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+        j++;
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+    int off = sig_vk->at(i)._offset;
+    assert(off > 0, "offset in object should be positive");
+    VMRegPair pair = regs->at(j);
+    VMReg r_1 = pair.first();
+    VMReg r_2 = pair.second();
+    Address from(rax, off);
+    if (bt == T_FLOAT) {
+      __ movflt(r_1->as_XMMRegister(), from);
+    } else if (bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+      __ movdbl(r_1->as_XMMRegister(), from);
+    } else if (bt == T_OBJECT || bt == T_ARRAY) {
+      assert_different_registers(rax, r_1->as_Register());
+      __ load_heap_oop(r_1->as_Register(), from);
+    } else {
+      assert(is_java_primitive(bt), "unexpected basic type");
+      assert_different_registers(rax, r_1->as_Register());
+      size_t size_in_bytes = type2aelembytes(bt);
+      __ load_sized_value(r_1->as_Register(), from, size_in_bytes, bt != T_CHAR && bt != T_BOOLEAN);
+    }
+    j++;
+  }
+  assert(j == regs->length(), "missed a field?");
+
+  __ bind(skip);
+  __ ret(0);
+
+  __ flush();
+
+  return BufferedInlineTypeBlob::create(&buffer, pack_fields_off, pack_fields_jobject_off, unpack_fields_off);
+}
+
+// Call here from the interpreter or compiled code to store returned
+// values to a newly allocated inline type instance.
+// Register is a class, but it would be assigned numerical value.
+// "0" is assigned for xmm0. Thus we need to ignore -Wnonnull.
+PRAGMA_DIAG_PUSH
+PRAGMA_NONNULL_IGNORED
+RuntimeStub* SharedRuntime::generate_return_value_stub(address destination) {
+  StubId id = StubId::shared_store_inline_type_fields_to_buf_id;
+
+  const char* name = SharedRuntime::stub_name(id);
+  CodeBlob* blob = AOTCodeCache::load_code_blob(AOTCodeEntry::SharedBlob, StubInfo::blob(id));
+  if (blob != nullptr) {
+    return blob->as_runtime_stub();
+  }
+
+  // We need to save all registers the calling convention may use so
+  // the runtime calls read or update those registers. This needs to
+  // be in sync with SharedRuntime::java_return_convention().
+  enum layout {
+    pad_off = frame::arg_reg_save_area_bytes/BytesPerInt, pad_off_2,
+    rax_off, rax_off_2,
+    j_rarg5_off, j_rarg5_2,
+    j_rarg4_off, j_rarg4_2,
+    j_rarg3_off, j_rarg3_2,
+    j_rarg2_off, j_rarg2_2,
+    j_rarg1_off, j_rarg1_2,
+    j_rarg0_off, j_rarg0_2,
+    j_farg0_off, j_farg0_2,
+    j_farg1_off, j_farg1_2,
+    j_farg2_off, j_farg2_2,
+    j_farg3_off, j_farg3_2,
+    j_farg4_off, j_farg4_2,
+    j_farg5_off, j_farg5_2,
+    j_farg6_off, j_farg6_2,
+    j_farg7_off, j_farg7_2,
+    rbp_off, rbp_off_2,
+    return_off, return_off_2,
+
+    framesize
+  };
+
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  CodeBuffer buffer(name, 1000, 512);
+  MacroAssembler* masm = new MacroAssembler(&buffer);
+
+  int frame_size_in_bytes = align_up(framesize*BytesPerInt, 16);
+  assert(frame_size_in_bytes == framesize*BytesPerInt, "misaligned");
+  int frame_size_in_slots = frame_size_in_bytes / BytesPerInt;
+  int frame_size_in_words = frame_size_in_bytes / wordSize;
+
+  OopMapSet *oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+  OopMap* map = new OopMap(frame_size_in_slots, 0);
+
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(rax_off), rax->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_rarg5_off), j_rarg5->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_rarg4_off), j_rarg4->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_rarg3_off), j_rarg3->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_rarg2_off), j_rarg2->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_rarg1_off), j_rarg1->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_rarg0_off), j_rarg0->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_farg0_off), j_farg0->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_farg1_off), j_farg1->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_farg2_off), j_farg2->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_farg3_off), j_farg3->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_farg4_off), j_farg4->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_farg5_off), j_farg5->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_farg6_off), j_farg6->as_VMReg());
+  map->set_callee_saved(VMRegImpl::stack2reg(j_farg7_off), j_farg7->as_VMReg());
+
+  int start = __ offset();
+
+  __ subptr(rsp, frame_size_in_bytes - 8 /* return address*/);
+
+  __ movptr(Address(rsp, rbp_off * BytesPerInt), rbp);
+  __ movdbl(Address(rsp, j_farg7_off * BytesPerInt), j_farg7);
+  __ movdbl(Address(rsp, j_farg6_off * BytesPerInt), j_farg6);
+  __ movdbl(Address(rsp, j_farg5_off * BytesPerInt), j_farg5);
+  __ movdbl(Address(rsp, j_farg4_off * BytesPerInt), j_farg4);
+  __ movdbl(Address(rsp, j_farg3_off * BytesPerInt), j_farg3);
+  __ movdbl(Address(rsp, j_farg2_off * BytesPerInt), j_farg2);
+  __ movdbl(Address(rsp, j_farg1_off * BytesPerInt), j_farg1);
+  __ movdbl(Address(rsp, j_farg0_off * BytesPerInt), j_farg0);
+
+  __ movptr(Address(rsp, j_rarg0_off * BytesPerInt), j_rarg0);
+  __ movptr(Address(rsp, j_rarg1_off * BytesPerInt), j_rarg1);
+  __ movptr(Address(rsp, j_rarg2_off * BytesPerInt), j_rarg2);
+  __ movptr(Address(rsp, j_rarg3_off * BytesPerInt), j_rarg3);
+  __ movptr(Address(rsp, j_rarg4_off * BytesPerInt), j_rarg4);
+  __ movptr(Address(rsp, j_rarg5_off * BytesPerInt), j_rarg5);
+  __ movptr(Address(rsp, rax_off * BytesPerInt), rax);
+
+  int frame_complete = __ offset();
+
+  __ set_last_Java_frame(noreg, noreg, nullptr, rscratch1);
+
+  __ mov(c_rarg0, r15_thread);
+  __ mov(c_rarg1, rax);
+
+  __ call(RuntimeAddress(destination));
+
+  // Set an oopmap for the call site.
+
+  oop_maps->add_gc_map( __ offset() - start, map);
+
+  // clear last_Java_sp
+  __ reset_last_Java_frame(false);
+
+  __ movptr(rbp, Address(rsp, rbp_off * BytesPerInt));
+  __ movdbl(j_farg7, Address(rsp, j_farg7_off * BytesPerInt));
+  __ movdbl(j_farg6, Address(rsp, j_farg6_off * BytesPerInt));
+  __ movdbl(j_farg5, Address(rsp, j_farg5_off * BytesPerInt));
+  __ movdbl(j_farg4, Address(rsp, j_farg4_off * BytesPerInt));
+  __ movdbl(j_farg3, Address(rsp, j_farg3_off * BytesPerInt));
+  __ movdbl(j_farg2, Address(rsp, j_farg2_off * BytesPerInt));
+  __ movdbl(j_farg1, Address(rsp, j_farg1_off * BytesPerInt));
+  __ movdbl(j_farg0, Address(rsp, j_farg0_off * BytesPerInt));
+
+  __ movptr(j_rarg0, Address(rsp, j_rarg0_off * BytesPerInt));
+  __ movptr(j_rarg1, Address(rsp, j_rarg1_off * BytesPerInt));
+  __ movptr(j_rarg2, Address(rsp, j_rarg2_off * BytesPerInt));
+  __ movptr(j_rarg3, Address(rsp, j_rarg3_off * BytesPerInt));
+  __ movptr(j_rarg4, Address(rsp, j_rarg4_off * BytesPerInt));
+  __ movptr(j_rarg5, Address(rsp, j_rarg5_off * BytesPerInt));
+  __ movptr(rax, Address(rsp, rax_off * BytesPerInt));
+
+  __ addptr(rsp, frame_size_in_bytes-8);
+
+  // check for pending exceptions
+  Label pending;
+  __ cmpptr(Address(r15_thread, Thread::pending_exception_offset()), (int32_t)NULL_WORD);
+  __ jcc(Assembler::notEqual, pending);
+
+  // We just called SharedRuntime::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf. Check if we still
+  // need to initialize the buffer and if so, call the inline class specific pack handler.
+  Label skip_pack;
+  __ get_vm_result_oop(rax);
+  __ get_vm_result_metadata(rscratch1);
+  __ testptr(rscratch1, rscratch1);
+  __ jcc(Assembler::zero, skip_pack);
+  __ movptr(rscratch1, Address(rscratch1, InlineKlass::adr_members_offset()));
+  __ movptr(rscratch1, Address(rscratch1, InlineKlass::pack_handler_offset()));
+  __ call(rscratch1);
+  __ membar(Assembler::StoreStore);
+  __ bind(skip_pack);
+
+  __ ret(0);
+
+  __ bind(pending);
+
+  __ movptr(rax, Address(r15_thread, Thread::pending_exception_offset()));
+  __ jump(RuntimeAddress(StubRoutines::forward_exception_entry()));
+
+  // -------------
+  // make sure all code is generated
+  masm->flush();
+
+  RuntimeStub* stub = RuntimeStub::new_runtime_stub(name, &buffer, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, oop_maps, false);
+  AOTCodeCache::store_code_blob(*stub, AOTCodeEntry::SharedBlob, StubInfo::blob(id));
+  return stub;
+}
+
 #if INCLUDE_JFR
 
 // For c2: c_rarg0 is junk, call to runtime to write a checkpoint.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stackChunkFrameStream_x86.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stackChunkFrameStream_x86.inline.hpp
index 24afb960e9c..4b0e1417eb6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stackChunkFrameStream_x86.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stackChunkFrameStream_x86.inline.hpp
@@ -34,8 +34,30 @@ template <ChunkFrames frame_kind>
 inline bool StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::is_in_frame(void* p0) const {
   assert(!is_done(), "");
   intptr_t* p = (intptr_t*)p0;
-  int argsize = is_compiled() ? (_cb->as_nmethod()->num_stack_arg_slots() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size) >> LogBytesPerWord : 0;
-  int frame_size = _cb->frame_size() + argsize;
+  int frame_size = _cb->frame_size();
+  if (is_compiled()) {
+    nmethod* nm = _cb->as_nmethod_or_null();
+    if (nm->needs_stack_repair() && nm->is_compiled_by_c2()) {
+      frame f = to_frame();
+      bool augmented = f.was_augmented_on_entry(frame_size);
+      if (!augmented) {
+        // Fix: C2 caller, so frame was not extended and thus the
+        // size read from the frame does not include the arguments.
+        // Ideally we have to count the arg size for the scalarized
+        // convention. For now we include the size of the caller frame
+        // which would at least be equal to that.
+        RegisterMap map(nullptr,
+                        RegisterMap::UpdateMap::skip,
+                        RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::skip,
+                        RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::skip);
+        frame caller = to_frame().sender(&map);
+        assert(caller.is_compiled_frame() && caller.cb()->as_nmethod()->is_compiled_by_c2(), "needs stack repair but was not extended with c1/interpreter caller");
+        frame_size += (caller.real_fp() - caller.sp());
+      }
+    } else {
+      frame_size += _cb->as_nmethod()->num_stack_arg_slots() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size >> LogBytesPerWord;
+    }
+  }
   return p == sp() - frame::sender_sp_offset || ((p - unextended_sp()) >= 0 && (p - unextended_sp()) < frame_size);
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64.cpp
index 2b37e39ec86..18d23637341 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64.cpp
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "asm/assembler.hpp"
 #include "asm/macroAssembler.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmIntrinsics.hpp"
@@ -31,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/gc_globals.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
 #include "prims/upcallLinker.hpp"
 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
@@ -38,6 +40,8 @@
 #include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
+#include "utilities/macros.hpp"
+#include "vmreg_x86.inline.hpp"
 #include "stubGenerator_x86_64.hpp"
 #ifdef COMPILER2
 #include "opto/runtime.hpp"
@@ -307,24 +311,27 @@ address StubGenerator::generate_call_stub(address& return_address) {
   return_address = __ pc();
   entries.append(return_address);
 
+  // All of j_rargN + rax may be used to return inline type fields so be careful
+  // not to clobber those.  See SharedRuntime::java_return_convention().
+
   // store result depending on type (everything that is not
   // T_OBJECT, T_LONG, T_FLOAT or T_DOUBLE is treated as T_INT)
-  __ movptr(c_rarg0, result);
-  Label is_long, is_float, is_double, exit;
-  __ movl(c_rarg1, result_type);
-  __ cmpl(c_rarg1, T_OBJECT);
-  __ jcc(Assembler::equal, is_long);
-  __ cmpl(c_rarg1, T_LONG);
+  __ movptr(r13, result);
+  Label is_long, is_float, is_double, check_prim, exit;
+  __ movl(rbx, result_type);
+  __ cmpl(rbx, T_OBJECT);
+  __ jcc(Assembler::equal, check_prim);
+  __ cmpl(rbx, T_LONG);
   __ jcc(Assembler::equal, is_long);
-  __ cmpl(c_rarg1, T_FLOAT);
+  __ cmpl(rbx, T_FLOAT);
   __ jcc(Assembler::equal, is_float);
-  __ cmpl(c_rarg1, T_DOUBLE);
+  __ cmpl(rbx, T_DOUBLE);
   __ jcc(Assembler::equal, is_double);
 #ifdef ASSERT
   // make sure the type is INT
   {
     Label L;
-    __ cmpl(c_rarg1, T_INT);
+    __ cmpl(rbx, T_INT);
     __ jcc(Assembler::equal, L);
     __ stop("StubRoutines::call_stub: unexpected result type");
     __ bind(L);
@@ -332,7 +339,7 @@ address StubGenerator::generate_call_stub(address& return_address) {
 #endif
 
   // handle T_INT case
-  __ movl(Address(c_rarg0, 0), rax);
+  __ movl(Address(r13, 0), rax);
 
   __ BIND(exit);
 
@@ -390,16 +397,29 @@ address StubGenerator::generate_call_stub(address& return_address) {
   __ ret(0);
 
   // handle return types different from T_INT
+  __ BIND(check_prim);
+  if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+    // Check for scalarized return value
+    __ testptr(rax, 1);
+    __ jcc(Assembler::zero, is_long);
+    // Load pack handler address
+    __ andptr(rax, -2);
+    __ movptr(rax, Address(rax, InlineKlass::adr_members_offset()));
+    __ movptr(rbx, Address(rax, InlineKlass::pack_handler_jobject_offset()));
+    // Call pack handler to initialize the buffer
+    __ call(rbx);
+    __ jmp(exit);
+  }
   __ BIND(is_long);
-  __ movq(Address(c_rarg0, 0), rax);
+  __ movq(Address(r13, 0), rax);
   __ jmp(exit);
 
   __ BIND(is_float);
-  __ movflt(Address(c_rarg0, 0), xmm0);
+  __ movflt(Address(r13, 0), xmm0);
   __ jmp(exit);
 
   __ BIND(is_double);
-  __ movdbl(Address(c_rarg0, 0), xmm0);
+  __ movdbl(Address(r13, 0), xmm0);
   __ jmp(exit);
 
   // record the stub entry and end plus the auxiliary entry
@@ -4370,6 +4390,67 @@ address StubGenerator::generate_floatToFloat16() {
   return start;
 }
 
+static void save_return_registers(MacroAssembler* masm) {
+  masm->push_ppx(rax);
+  if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+    masm->push(rdi);
+    masm->push(rsi);
+    masm->push(rdx);
+    masm->push(rcx);
+    masm->push(r8);
+    masm->push(r9);
+  }
+  masm->push_d(xmm0);
+  if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+    masm->push_d(xmm1);
+    masm->push_d(xmm2);
+    masm->push_d(xmm3);
+    masm->push_d(xmm4);
+    masm->push_d(xmm5);
+    masm->push_d(xmm6);
+    masm->push_d(xmm7);
+  }
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  masm->movq(rax, 0xBADC0FFE);
+  masm->movq(rdi, rax);
+  masm->movq(rsi, rax);
+  masm->movq(rdx, rax);
+  masm->movq(rcx, rax);
+  masm->movq(r8, rax);
+  masm->movq(r9, rax);
+  masm->movq(xmm0, rax);
+  masm->movq(xmm1, rax);
+  masm->movq(xmm2, rax);
+  masm->movq(xmm3, rax);
+  masm->movq(xmm4, rax);
+  masm->movq(xmm5, rax);
+  masm->movq(xmm6, rax);
+  masm->movq(xmm7, rax);
+#endif
+}
+
+static void restore_return_registers(MacroAssembler* masm) {
+  if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+    masm->pop_d(xmm7);
+    masm->pop_d(xmm6);
+    masm->pop_d(xmm5);
+    masm->pop_d(xmm4);
+    masm->pop_d(xmm3);
+    masm->pop_d(xmm2);
+    masm->pop_d(xmm1);
+  }
+  masm->pop_d(xmm0);
+  if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+    masm->pop(r9);
+    masm->pop(r8);
+    masm->pop(rcx);
+    masm->pop(rdx);
+    masm->pop(rsi);
+    masm->pop(rdi);
+  }
+  masm->pop_ppx(rax);
+}
+
 address StubGenerator::generate_cont_thaw(StubId stub_id) {
   if (!Continuations::enabled()) return nullptr;
 
@@ -4427,8 +4508,7 @@ address StubGenerator::generate_cont_thaw(StubId stub_id) {
 
   if (return_barrier) {
     // Preserve possible return value from a method returning to the return barrier.
-    __ push_ppx(rax);
-    __ push_d(xmm0);
+    save_return_registers(_masm);
   }
 
   __ movptr(c_rarg0, r15_thread);
@@ -4439,8 +4519,7 @@ address StubGenerator::generate_cont_thaw(StubId stub_id) {
   if (return_barrier) {
     // Restore return value from a method returning to the return barrier.
     // No safepoint in the call to thaw, so even an oop return value should be OK.
-    __ pop_d(xmm0);
-    __ pop_ppx(rax);
+    restore_return_registers(_masm);
   }
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
@@ -4466,8 +4545,7 @@ address StubGenerator::generate_cont_thaw(StubId stub_id) {
 
   if (return_barrier) {
     // Preserve possible return value from a method returning to the return barrier. (Again.)
-    __ push_ppx(rax);
-    __ push_d(xmm0);
+    save_return_registers(_masm);
   }
 
   // If we want, we can templatize thaw by kind, and have three different entries.
@@ -4479,8 +4557,7 @@ address StubGenerator::generate_cont_thaw(StubId stub_id) {
   if (return_barrier) {
     // Restore return value from a method returning to the return barrier. (Again.)
     // No safepoint in the call to thaw, so even an oop return value should be OK.
-    __ pop_d(xmm0);
-    __ pop_ppx(rax);
+    restore_return_registers(_masm);
   } else {
     // Return 0 (success) from doYield.
     __ xorptr(rax, rax);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_arraycopy.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_arraycopy.cpp
index cececa7b3ad..13ce582acaa 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_arraycopy.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_arraycopy.cpp
@@ -3599,6 +3599,12 @@ address StubGenerator::generate_generic_copy(address byte_copy_entry, address sh
   __ cmpq(r10_src_klass, rax);
   __ jcc(Assembler::notEqual, L_failed);
 
+  // Check for flat inline type array -> return -1
+  __ test_flat_array_oop(src, rax, L_failed);
+
+  // Check for null-free (non-flat) inline type array -> handle as object array
+  __ test_null_free_array_oop(src, rax, L_objArray);
+
   const Register rax_lh = rax;  // layout helper
   __ movl(rax_lh, Address(r10_src_klass, lh_offset));
 
@@ -3611,8 +3617,10 @@ address StubGenerator::generate_generic_copy(address byte_copy_entry, address sh
   {
     BLOCK_COMMENT("assert primitive array {");
     Label L;
-    __ cmpl(rax_lh, (Klass::_lh_array_tag_type_value << Klass::_lh_array_tag_shift));
-    __ jcc(Assembler::greaterEqual, L);
+    __ movl(rklass_tmp, rax_lh);
+    __ sarl(rklass_tmp, Klass::_lh_array_tag_shift);
+    __ cmpl(rklass_tmp, Klass::_lh_array_tag_type_value);
+    __ jcc(Assembler::equal, L);
     __ stop("must be a primitive array");
     __ bind(L);
     BLOCK_COMMENT("} assert primitive array done");
@@ -3720,9 +3728,21 @@ __ BIND(L_checkcast_copy);
   // live at this point:  r10_src_klass, r11_length, rax (dst_klass)
   {
     // Before looking at dst.length, make sure dst is also an objArray.
+    // This check also fails for flat arrays which are not supported.
     __ cmpl(Address(rax, lh_offset), objArray_lh);
     __ jcc(Assembler::notEqual, L_failed);
 
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    {
+      BLOCK_COMMENT("assert not null-free array {");
+      Label L;
+      __ test_non_null_free_array_oop(dst, rklass_tmp, L);
+      __ stop("unexpected null-free array");
+      __ bind(L);
+      BLOCK_COMMENT("} assert not null-free array");
+    }
+#endif
+
     // It is safe to examine both src.length and dst.length.
     arraycopy_range_checks(src, src_pos, dst, dst_pos, r11_length,
                            rax, L_failed);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/templateInterpreterGenerator_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/templateInterpreterGenerator_x86.cpp
index 2edd9706272..7da01709d72 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/templateInterpreterGenerator_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/templateInterpreterGenerator_x86.cpp
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 #include "oops/methodData.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/resolvedIndyEntry.hpp"
 #include "oops/resolvedMethodEntry.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
@@ -63,7 +64,7 @@
 // if too small.
 // Run with +PrintInterpreter to get the VM to print out the size.
 // Max size with JVMTI
-int TemplateInterpreter::InterpreterCodeSize = 256 * 1024;
+int TemplateInterpreter::InterpreterCodeSize = 268 * 1024;
 
 // Global Register Names
 static const Register rbcp     = r13;
@@ -176,11 +177,15 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_return_entry_for(TosState state,
   address entry = __ pc();
 
   // Restore stack bottom in case i2c adjusted stack
-  __ movptr(rcx, Address(rbp, frame::interpreter_frame_last_sp_offset * wordSize));
-  __ lea(rsp, Address(rbp, rcx, Address::times_ptr));
+  __ movptr(rscratch1, Address(rbp, frame::interpreter_frame_last_sp_offset * wordSize));
+  __ lea(rsp, Address(rbp, rscratch1, Address::times_ptr));
   // and null it as marker that esp is now tos until next java call
   __ movptr(Address(rbp, frame::interpreter_frame_last_sp_offset * wordSize), NULL_WORD);
 
+  if (state == atos && InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+    __ store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(nullptr);
+  }
+
   __ restore_bcp();
   __ restore_locals();
 
@@ -1203,7 +1208,7 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_abstract_entry(void) {
 //
 // Generic interpreted method entry to (asm) interpreter
 //
-address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_normal_entry(bool synchronized) {
+address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_normal_entry(bool synchronized, bool object_init) {
   // determine code generation flags
   bool inc_counter  = UseCompiler || CountCompiledCalls;
 
@@ -1324,6 +1329,12 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_normal_entry(bool synchronized) {
 #endif
   }
 
+  // If object_init == true, we should insert a StoreStore barrier here to
+  // prevent strict fields initial default values from being observable.
+  // However, x86 is a TSO platform, so if `this` escapes, strict fields
+  // initialized values are guaranteed to be the ones observed, so the
+  // barrier can be elided.
+
   // start execution
 #ifdef ASSERT
   {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/templateTable_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/templateTable_x86.cpp
index db7749ec482..4c1ccde0e52 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/templateTable_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/templateTable_x86.cpp
@@ -36,11 +36,13 @@
 #include "oops/methodData.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/resolvedFieldEntry.hpp"
 #include "oops/resolvedIndyEntry.hpp"
 #include "oops/resolvedMethodEntry.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
 #include "prims/methodHandles.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/safepointMechanism.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
@@ -167,6 +169,7 @@ void TemplateTable::patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::Code bc, Register bc_reg,
   Label L_patch_done;
 
   switch (bc) {
+  case Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield:
   case Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield:
   case Bytecodes::_fast_bputfield:
   case Bytecodes::_fast_zputfield:
@@ -775,15 +778,34 @@ void TemplateTable::daload() {
 
 void TemplateTable::aaload() {
   transition(itos, atos);
-  // rax: index
-  // rdx: array
-  index_check(rdx, rax); // kills rbx
-  do_oop_load(_masm,
-              Address(rdx, rax,
-                      UseCompressedOops ? Address::times_4 : Address::times_ptr,
-                      arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT)),
-              rax,
-              IS_ARRAY);
+  Register array = rdx;
+  Register index = rax;
+
+  index_check(array, index); // kills rbx
+  __ profile_array_type<ArrayLoadData>(rbx, array, rcx);
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+    Label is_flat_array, done;
+    __ test_flat_array_oop(array, rbx, is_flat_array);
+    do_oop_load(_masm,
+                Address(array, index,
+                        UseCompressedOops ? Address::times_4 : Address::times_ptr,
+                        arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT)),
+                rax,
+                IS_ARRAY);
+    __ jmp(done);
+    __ bind(is_flat_array);
+    __ movptr(rcx, array);
+    call_VM(rax, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::flat_array_load), rcx, index);
+    __ bind(done);
+  } else {
+    do_oop_load(_masm,
+                Address(array, index,
+                        UseCompressedOops ? Address::times_4 : Address::times_ptr,
+                        arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT)),
+                rax,
+                IS_ARRAY);
+  }
+  __ profile_element_type(rbx, rax, rcx);
 }
 
 void TemplateTable::baload() {
@@ -1057,7 +1079,7 @@ void TemplateTable::dastore() {
 }
 
 void TemplateTable::aastore() {
-  Label is_null, ok_is_subtype, done;
+  Label is_null, is_flat_array, ok_is_subtype, done;
   transition(vtos, vtos);
   // stack: ..., array, index, value
   __ movptr(rax, at_tos());    // value
@@ -1069,19 +1091,30 @@ void TemplateTable::aastore() {
                           arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT));
 
   index_check_without_pop(rdx, rcx);     // kills rbx
+
+  __ profile_array_type<ArrayStoreData>(rdi, rdx, rbx);
+  __ profile_multiple_element_types(rdi, rax, rbx, rcx);
+
   __ testptr(rax, rax);
   __ jcc(Assembler::zero, is_null);
 
+  // Move array class to rdi
+  __ load_klass(rdi, rdx, rscratch1);
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+    __ movl(rbx, Address(rdi, Klass::layout_helper_offset()));
+    __ test_flat_array_layout(rbx, is_flat_array);
+  }
+
   // Move subklass into rbx
   __ load_klass(rbx, rax, rscratch1);
-  // Move superklass into rax
-  __ load_klass(rax, rdx, rscratch1);
-  __ movptr(rax, Address(rax,
+  // Move array element superklass into rax
+  __ movptr(rax, Address(rdi,
                          ObjArrayKlass::element_klass_offset()));
 
   // Generate subtype check.  Blows rcx, rdi
   // Superklass in rax.  Subklass in rbx.
-  __ gen_subtype_check(rbx, ok_is_subtype);
+  // is "rbx <: rax" ? (value subclass <: array element superclass)
+  __ gen_subtype_check(rbx, ok_is_subtype, false);
 
   // Come here on failure
   // object is at TOS
@@ -1099,11 +1132,39 @@ void TemplateTable::aastore() {
 
   // Have a null in rax, rdx=array, ecx=index.  Store null at ary[idx]
   __ bind(is_null);
-  __ profile_null_seen(rbx);
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    Label write_null_to_null_free_array, store_null;
+
+      // Move array class to rdi
+    __ load_klass(rdi, rdx, rscratch1);
+    if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+      __ movl(rbx, Address(rdi, Klass::layout_helper_offset()));
+      __ test_flat_array_layout(rbx, is_flat_array);
+    }
 
+    // No way to store null in null-free array
+    __ test_null_free_array_oop(rdx, rbx, write_null_to_null_free_array);
+    __ jmp(store_null);
+
+    __ bind(write_null_to_null_free_array);
+    __ jump(RuntimeAddress(Interpreter::_throw_NullPointerException_entry));
+
+    __ bind(store_null);
+  }
   // Store a null
   do_oop_store(_masm, element_address, noreg, IS_ARRAY);
+  __ jmp(done);
 
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+    Label is_type_ok;
+    __ bind(is_flat_array); // Store non-null value to flat
+
+    __ movptr(rax, at_tos());
+    __ movl(rcx, at_tos_p1()); // index
+    __ movptr(rdx, at_tos_p2()); // array
+
+    call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::flat_array_store), rax, rdx, rcx);
+  }
   // Pop stack arguments
   __ bind(done);
   __ addptr(rsp, 3 * Interpreter::stackElementSize);
@@ -1891,13 +1952,59 @@ void TemplateTable::if_nullcmp(Condition cc) {
 void TemplateTable::if_acmp(Condition cc) {
   transition(atos, vtos);
   // assume branch is more often taken than not (loops use backward branches)
-  Label not_taken;
+  Label taken, not_taken;
   __ pop_ptr(rdx);
+
+  __ profile_acmp(rbx, rdx, rax, rcx);
+
+  const int is_inline_type_mask = markWord::inline_type_pattern;
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    __ cmpoop(rdx, rax);
+    __ jcc(Assembler::equal, (cc == equal) ? taken : not_taken);
+
+    // might be substitutable, test if either rax or rdx is null
+    __ testptr(rax, rax);
+    __ jcc(Assembler::zero, (cc == equal) ? not_taken : taken);
+    __ testptr(rdx, rdx);
+    __ jcc(Assembler::zero, (cc == equal) ? not_taken : taken);
+
+    // and both are values ?
+    __ movptr(rbx, Address(rdx, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    __ andptr(rbx, Address(rax, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    __ andptr(rbx, is_inline_type_mask);
+    __ cmpptr(rbx, is_inline_type_mask);
+    __ jcc(Assembler::notEqual, (cc == equal) ? not_taken : taken);
+
+    // same value klass ?
+    __ load_metadata(rbx, rdx);
+    __ load_metadata(rcx, rax);
+    __ cmpptr(rbx, rcx);
+    __ jcc(Assembler::notEqual, (cc == equal) ? not_taken : taken);
+
+    // Know both are the same type, let's test for substitutability...
+    if (cc == equal) {
+      invoke_is_substitutable(rax, rdx, taken, not_taken);
+    } else {
+      invoke_is_substitutable(rax, rdx, not_taken, taken);
+    }
+    __ stop("Not reachable");
+  }
+
   __ cmpoop(rdx, rax);
   __ jcc(j_not(cc), not_taken);
+  __ bind(taken);
   branch(false, false);
   __ bind(not_taken);
-  __ profile_not_taken_branch(rax);
+  __ profile_not_taken_branch(rax, true);
+}
+
+void TemplateTable::invoke_is_substitutable(Register aobj, Register bobj,
+                                            Label& is_subst, Label& not_subst) {
+  __ call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::is_substitutable), aobj, bobj);
+  // Restored...rax answer, jmp to outcome...
+  __ testl(rax, rax);
+  __ jcc(Assembler::zero, not_subst);
+  __ jmp(is_subst);
 }
 
 void TemplateTable::ret() {
@@ -2151,7 +2258,8 @@ void TemplateTable::_return(TosState state) {
   if (state == itos) {
     __ narrow(rax);
   }
-  __ remove_activation(state, rbcp);
+
+  __ remove_activation(state, rbcp, true, true, true);
 
   __ jmp(rbcp);
 }
@@ -2524,20 +2632,18 @@ void TemplateTable::pop_and_check_object(Register r) {
 void TemplateTable::getfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteControl rc) {
   transition(vtos, vtos);
 
-  const Register obj   = c_rarg3;
+  const Register obj   = r9;
   const Register cache = rcx;
   const Register index = rdx;
   const Register off   = rbx;
   const Register tos_state   = rax;
   const Register flags = rdx;
-  const Register bc    = c_rarg3; // uses same reg as obj, so don't mix them
+  const Register bc    = c_rarg3;
 
   resolve_cache_and_index_for_field(byte_no, cache, index);
   jvmti_post_field_access(cache, index, is_static, false);
   load_resolved_field_entry(obj, cache, tos_state, off, flags, is_static);
 
-  if (!is_static) pop_and_check_object(obj);
-
   const Address field(obj, off, Address::times_1, 0*wordSize);
 
   Label Done, notByte, notBool, notInt, notShort, notChar, notLong, notFloat, notObj;
@@ -2548,6 +2654,7 @@ void TemplateTable::getfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
   __ jcc(Assembler::notZero, notByte);
 
   // btos
+  if (!is_static) pop_and_check_object(obj);
   __ access_load_at(T_BYTE, IN_HEAP, rax, field, noreg);
   __ push(btos);
   // Rewrite bytecode to be faster
@@ -2561,6 +2668,7 @@ void TemplateTable::getfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
   __ jcc(Assembler::notEqual, notBool);
 
   // ztos (same code as btos)
+  if (!is_static) pop_and_check_object(obj);
   __ access_load_at(T_BOOLEAN, IN_HEAP, rax, field, noreg);
   __ push(ztos);
   // Rewrite bytecode to be faster
@@ -2574,14 +2682,46 @@ void TemplateTable::getfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
   __ cmpl(tos_state, atos);
   __ jcc(Assembler::notEqual, notObj);
   // atos
-  do_oop_load(_masm, field, rax);
-  __ push(atos);
-  if (!is_static && rc == may_rewrite) {
-    patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield, bc, rbx);
+  if (!Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    if (!is_static) pop_and_check_object(obj);
+    do_oop_load(_masm, field, rax);
+    __ push(atos);
+    if (!is_static && rc == may_rewrite) {
+      patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield, bc, rbx);
+    }
+    __ jmp(Done);
+  } else {
+    if (is_static) {
+      __ load_heap_oop(rax, field);
+      __ push(atos);
+      __ jmp(Done);
+    } else {
+      Label is_flat;
+      __ test_field_is_flat(flags, rscratch1, is_flat);
+      pop_and_check_object(obj);
+      __ load_heap_oop(rax, field);
+      __ push(atos);
+      if (rc == may_rewrite) {
+        patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield, bc, rbx);
+      }
+      __ jmp(Done);
+      __ bind(is_flat);
+      // field is flat (null-free or nullable with a null-marker)
+      pop_and_check_object(rax);
+      __ read_flat_field(rcx, rax);
+      __ verify_oop(rax);
+      __ push(atos);
+      if (rc == may_rewrite) {
+        patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_vgetfield, bc, rbx);
+      }
+      __ jmp(Done);
+    }
   }
-  __ jmp(Done);
 
   __ bind(notObj);
+
+  if (!is_static) pop_and_check_object(obj);
+
   __ cmpl(tos_state, itos);
   __ jcc(Assembler::notEqual, notInt);
   // itos
@@ -2681,7 +2821,6 @@ void TemplateTable::getstatic(int byte_no) {
   getfield_or_static(byte_no, true);
 }
 
-
 // The registers cache and index expected to be set before call.
 // The function may destroy various registers, just not the cache and index registers.
 void TemplateTable::jvmti_post_field_mod(Register cache, Register index, bool is_static) {
@@ -2743,7 +2882,7 @@ void TemplateTable::putfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
   const Register index = rdx;
   const Register tos_state   = rdx;
   const Register off   = rbx;
-  const Register flags = rax;
+  const Register flags = r9;
 
   resolve_cache_and_index_for_field(byte_no, cache, index);
   jvmti_post_field_mod(cache, index, is_static);
@@ -2756,23 +2895,24 @@ void TemplateTable::putfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
   Label notVolatile, Done;
 
   // Check for volatile store
-  __ andl(flags, (1 << ResolvedFieldEntry::is_volatile_shift));
-  __ testl(flags, flags);
+  __ movl(rscratch1, flags);
+  __ andl(rscratch1, (1 << ResolvedFieldEntry::is_volatile_shift));
+  __ testl(rscratch1, rscratch1);
   __ jcc(Assembler::zero, notVolatile);
 
-  putfield_or_static_helper(byte_no, is_static, rc, obj, off, tos_state);
+  putfield_or_static_helper(byte_no, is_static, rc, obj, off, tos_state, flags);
   volatile_barrier(Assembler::Membar_mask_bits(Assembler::StoreLoad |
                                                Assembler::StoreStore));
   __ jmp(Done);
   __ bind(notVolatile);
 
-  putfield_or_static_helper(byte_no, is_static, rc, obj, off, tos_state);
+  putfield_or_static_helper(byte_no, is_static, rc, obj, off, tos_state, flags);
 
   __ bind(Done);
 }
 
 void TemplateTable::putfield_or_static_helper(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteControl rc,
-                                              Register obj, Register off, Register tos_state) {
+                                              Register obj, Register off, Register tos_state, Register flags) {
 
   // field addresses
   const Address field(obj, off, Address::times_1, 0*wordSize);
@@ -2819,14 +2959,51 @@ void TemplateTable::putfield_or_static_helper(int byte_no, bool is_static, Rewri
 
   // atos
   {
-    __ pop(atos);
-    if (!is_static) pop_and_check_object(obj);
-    // Store into the field
-    do_oop_store(_masm, field, rax);
-    if (!is_static && rc == may_rewrite) {
-      patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield, bc, rbx, true, byte_no);
+    if (!Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+      __ pop(atos);
+      if (!is_static) pop_and_check_object(obj);
+      // Store into the field
+      do_oop_store(_masm, field, rax);
+      if (!is_static && rc == may_rewrite) {
+        patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield, bc, rbx, true, byte_no);
+      }
+      __ jmp(Done);
+    } else {
+      __ pop(atos);
+      if (is_static) {
+        Label is_nullable;
+        __ test_field_is_not_null_free_inline_type(flags, rscratch1, is_nullable);
+        __ null_check(rax);  // FIXME JDK-8341120
+        __ bind(is_nullable);
+        do_oop_store(_masm, field, rax);
+        __ jmp(Done);
+      } else {
+        Label is_flat, null_free_reference, rewrite_inline;
+        __ test_field_is_flat(flags, rscratch1, is_flat);
+        __ test_field_is_null_free_inline_type(flags, rscratch1, null_free_reference);
+        pop_and_check_object(obj);
+        // Store into the field
+        do_oop_store(_masm, field, rax);
+        if (rc == may_rewrite) {
+          patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield, bc, rbx, true, byte_no);
+        }
+        __ jmp(Done);
+        __ bind(null_free_reference);
+        __ null_check(rax);  // FIXME JDK-8341120
+        pop_and_check_object(obj);
+        // Store into the field
+        do_oop_store(_masm, field, rax);
+        __ jmp(rewrite_inline);
+        __ bind(is_flat);
+        pop_and_check_object(rscratch2);
+        __ write_flat_field(rcx, r8, rscratch1, rscratch2, rbx, rax);
+        __ bind(rewrite_inline);
+        if (rc == may_rewrite) {
+          patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield, bc, rbx, true, byte_no);
+        }
+        __ jmp(Done);
+      }
     }
-    __ jmp(Done);
   }
 
   __ bind(notObj);
@@ -2963,6 +3140,7 @@ void TemplateTable::jvmti_post_fast_field_mod() {
     // to do it for every data type, we use the saved values as the
     // jvalue object.
     switch (bytecode()) {          // load values into the jvalue object
+    case Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield: // fall through
     case Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield: __ push_ptr(rax); break;
     case Bytecodes::_fast_bputfield: // fall through
     case Bytecodes::_fast_zputfield: // fall through
@@ -2986,6 +3164,7 @@ void TemplateTable::jvmti_post_fast_field_mod() {
     __ call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::post_field_modification), rbx, c_rarg2, c_rarg3);
 
     switch (bytecode()) {             // restore tos values
+    case Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield: // fall through
     case Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield: __ pop_ptr(rax); break;
     case Bytecodes::_fast_bputfield: // fall through
     case Bytecodes::_fast_zputfield: // fall through
@@ -3004,18 +3183,15 @@ void TemplateTable::jvmti_post_fast_field_mod() {
 void TemplateTable::fast_storefield(TosState state) {
   transition(state, vtos);
 
-  Register cache = rcx;
-
   Label notVolatile, Done;
 
   jvmti_post_fast_field_mod();
 
   __ push(rax);
   __ load_field_entry(rcx, rax);
-  load_resolved_field_entry(noreg, cache, rax, rbx, rdx);
-  // RBX: field offset, RAX: TOS, RDX: flags
-  __ andl(rdx, (1 << ResolvedFieldEntry::is_volatile_shift));
+  load_resolved_field_entry(noreg, rcx, rax, rbx, rdx);
   __ pop(rax);
+  // RBX: field offset, RCX: RAX: TOS, RDX: flags
 
   // Get object from stack
   pop_and_check_object(rcx);
@@ -3024,26 +3200,47 @@ void TemplateTable::fast_storefield(TosState state) {
   const Address field(rcx, rbx, Address::times_1);
 
   // Check for volatile store
-  __ testl(rdx, rdx);
+  __ movl(rscratch2, rdx);  // saving flags for is_flat test
+  __ andl(rscratch2, (1 << ResolvedFieldEntry::is_volatile_shift));
+  __ testl(rscratch2, rscratch2);
   __ jcc(Assembler::zero, notVolatile);
 
-  fast_storefield_helper(field, rax);
+  fast_storefield_helper(field, rax, rdx);
   volatile_barrier(Assembler::Membar_mask_bits(Assembler::StoreLoad |
                                                Assembler::StoreStore));
   __ jmp(Done);
   __ bind(notVolatile);
 
-  fast_storefield_helper(field, rax);
+  fast_storefield_helper(field, rax, rdx);
 
   __ bind(Done);
 }
 
-void TemplateTable::fast_storefield_helper(Address field, Register rax) {
+void TemplateTable::fast_storefield_helper(Address field, Register rax, Register flags) {
+
+  // DANGER: 'field' argument depends on rcx and rbx
 
   // access field
   switch (bytecode()) {
+  case Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield:
+    {
+      // Field is either flat (nullable or not) or non-flat and null-free
+      Label is_flat, done;
+      __ test_field_is_flat(flags, rscratch1, is_flat);
+      __ null_check(rax);  // FIXME JDK-8341120
+      do_oop_store(_masm, field, rax);
+      __ jmp(done);
+      __ bind(is_flat);
+      __ load_field_entry(r8, r9);
+      __ movptr(rscratch2, rcx);  // re-shuffle registers because of VM call calling convention
+      __ write_flat_field(r8, rscratch1, r9, rscratch2, rbx, rax);
+      __ bind(done);
+    }
+    break;
   case Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield:
-    do_oop_store(_masm, field, rax);
+    {
+      do_oop_store(_masm, field, rax);
+    }
     break;
   case Bytecodes::_fast_lputfield:
     __ access_store_at(T_LONG, IN_HEAP, field, noreg /* ltos */, noreg, noreg, noreg);
@@ -3099,15 +3296,19 @@ void TemplateTable::fast_accessfield(TosState state) {
 
   // access constant pool cache
   __ load_field_entry(rcx, rbx);
-  __ load_sized_value(rbx, Address(rcx, in_bytes(ResolvedFieldEntry::field_offset_offset())), sizeof(int), true /*is_signed*/);
+  __ load_sized_value(rdx, Address(rcx, in_bytes(ResolvedFieldEntry::field_offset_offset())), sizeof(int), true /*is_signed*/);
 
   // rax: object
   __ verify_oop(rax);
   __ null_check(rax);
-  Address field(rax, rbx, Address::times_1);
+  Address field(rax, rdx, Address::times_1);
 
   // access field
   switch (bytecode()) {
+  case Bytecodes::_fast_vgetfield:
+    __ read_flat_field(rcx, rax);
+    __ verify_oop(rax);
+    break;
   case Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield:
     do_oop_load(_masm, field, rax);
     __ verify_oop(rax);
@@ -3614,7 +3815,7 @@ void TemplateTable::_new() {
 
     // initialize object header only.
     __ bind(initialize_header);
-    if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+    if (UseCompactObjectHeaders || Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
       __ pop(rcx);   // get saved klass back in the register.
       __ movptr(rbx, Address(rcx, Klass::prototype_header_offset()));
       __ movptr(Address(rax, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()), rbx);
@@ -3622,6 +3823,8 @@ void TemplateTable::_new() {
       __ movptr(Address(rax, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()),
                 (intptr_t)markWord::prototype().value()); // header
       __ pop(rcx);   // get saved klass back in the register.
+    }
+    if (!UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
       __ xorl(rsi, rsi); // use zero reg to clear memory (shorter code)
       __ store_klass_gap(rax, rsi);  // zero klass gap for compressed oops
       __ store_klass(rax, rcx, rscratch1);  // klass
@@ -3683,10 +3886,10 @@ void TemplateTable::checkcast() {
   __ get_cpool_and_tags(rcx, rdx); // rcx=cpool, rdx=tags array
   __ get_unsigned_2_byte_index_at_bcp(rbx, 1); // rbx=index
   // See if bytecode has already been quicked
-  __ cmpb(Address(rdx, rbx,
-                  Address::times_1,
-                  Array<u1>::base_offset_in_bytes()),
-          JVM_CONSTANT_Class);
+  __ movzbl(rdx, Address(rdx, rbx,
+      Address::times_1,
+      Array<u1>::base_offset_in_bytes()));
+  __ cmpl(rdx, JVM_CONSTANT_Class);
   __ jcc(Assembler::equal, quicked);
   __ push(atos); // save receiver for result, and for GC
   call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::quicken_io_cc));
@@ -3716,15 +3919,15 @@ void TemplateTable::checkcast() {
   // Come here on success
   __ bind(ok_is_subtype);
   __ mov(rax, rdx); // Restore object in rdx
+  __ jmp(done);
+
+  __ bind(is_null);
 
   // Collect counts on whether this check-cast sees nulls a lot or not.
   if (ProfileInterpreter) {
-    __ jmp(done);
-    __ bind(is_null);
     __ profile_null_seen(rcx);
-  } else {
-    __ bind(is_null);   // same as 'done'
   }
+
   __ bind(done);
 }
 
@@ -3738,10 +3941,10 @@ void TemplateTable::instanceof() {
   __ get_cpool_and_tags(rcx, rdx); // rcx=cpool, rdx=tags array
   __ get_unsigned_2_byte_index_at_bcp(rbx, 1); // rbx=index
   // See if bytecode has already been quicked
-  __ cmpb(Address(rdx, rbx,
-                  Address::times_1,
-                  Array<u1>::base_offset_in_bytes()),
-          JVM_CONSTANT_Class);
+  __ movzbl(rdx, Address(rdx, rbx,
+        Address::times_1,
+        Array<u1>::base_offset_in_bytes()));
+  __ cmpl(rdx, JVM_CONSTANT_Class);
   __ jcc(Assembler::equal, quicked);
 
   __ push(atos); // save receiver for result, and for GC
@@ -3845,6 +4048,10 @@ void TemplateTable::monitorenter() {
   // check for null object
   __ null_check(rax);
 
+  Label is_inline_type;
+  __ movptr(rbx, Address(rax, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+  __ test_markword_is_inline_type(rbx, is_inline_type);
+
   const Address monitor_block_top(
         rbp, frame::interpreter_frame_monitor_block_top_offset * wordSize);
   const Address monitor_block_bot(
@@ -3937,6 +4144,11 @@ void TemplateTable::monitorenter() {
   // The bcp has already been incremented. Just need to dispatch to
   // next instruction.
   __ dispatch_next(vtos);
+
+  __ bind(is_inline_type);
+  __ call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address,
+                    InterpreterRuntime::throw_identity_exception), rax);
+  __ should_not_reach_here();
 }
 
 void TemplateTable::monitorexit() {
@@ -3945,6 +4157,17 @@ void TemplateTable::monitorexit() {
   // check for null object
   __ null_check(rax);
 
+  const int is_inline_type_mask = markWord::inline_type_pattern;
+  Label has_identity;
+  __ movptr(rbx, Address(rax, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+  __ andptr(rbx, is_inline_type_mask);
+  __ cmpl(rbx, is_inline_type_mask);
+  __ jcc(Assembler::notEqual, has_identity);
+  __ call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address,
+                     InterpreterRuntime::throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception));
+  __ should_not_reach_here();
+  __ bind(has_identity);
+
   const Address monitor_block_top(
         rbp, frame::interpreter_frame_monitor_block_top_offset * wordSize);
   const Address monitor_block_bot(
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/templateTable_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/templateTable_x86.hpp
index 15493d2f98a..3e4bab76945 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/templateTable_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/templateTable_x86.hpp
@@ -37,7 +37,9 @@
   static void index_check_without_pop(Register array, Register index);
 
   static void putfield_or_static_helper(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteControl rc,
-                                        Register obj, Register off, Register flags);
-  static void fast_storefield_helper(Address field, Register rax);
+                                        Register obj, Register off, Register tos_state, Register flags);
+  static void fast_storefield_helper(Address field, Register obj, Register flags);
+
+  static void invoke_is_substitutable(Register aobj, Register bobj, Label& is_subst, Label& not_subst);
 
 #endif // CPU_X86_TEMPLATETABLE_X86_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
index e395dd301f4..c620cce17b5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
@@ -1743,7 +1743,7 @@ void VM_Version::get_processor_features() {
 #endif
 
   // Use XMM/YMM MOVDQU instruction for Object Initialization
-  if (!UseFastStosb && UseUnalignedLoadStores) {
+  if (UseUnalignedLoadStores) {
     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseXMMForObjInit)) {
       UseXMMForObjInit = true;
     }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vtableStubs_x86_64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vtableStubs_x86_64.cpp
index b27755a243f..81929e78d58 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vtableStubs_x86_64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vtableStubs_x86_64.cpp
@@ -44,11 +44,11 @@
 extern "C" void bad_compiled_vtable_index(JavaThread* thread, oop receiver, int index);
 #endif
 
-VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) {
+VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index, bool caller_is_c1) {
   // Read "A word on VtableStub sizing" in share/code/vtableStubs.hpp for details on stub sizing.
   const int stub_code_length = code_size_limit(true);
-  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(true, vtable_index);
-  // Can be null if there is no free space in the code cache.
+  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(true, vtable_index, caller_is_c1);
+  // Can be nullptr if there is no free space in the code cache.
   if (s == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) {
   int       slop_delta = 0;
   // No variance was detected in vtable stub sizes. Setting index_dependent_slop == 0 will unveil any deviation from this observation.
   const int index_dependent_slop     = 0;
+  ByteSize  entry_offset = caller_is_c1 ? Method::from_compiled_inline_offset() :  Method::from_compiled_inline_ro_offset();
 
   ResourceMark    rm;
   CodeBuffer      cb(s->entry_point(), stub_code_length);
@@ -117,7 +118,7 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) {
     Label L;
     __ cmpptr(method, NULL_WORD);
     __ jcc(Assembler::equal, L);
-    __ cmpptr(Address(method, Method::from_compiled_offset()), NULL_WORD);
+    __ cmpptr(Address(method, entry_offset), NULL_WORD);
     __ jcc(Assembler::notZero, L);
     __ stop("Vtable entry is null");
     __ bind(L);
@@ -128,7 +129,7 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) {
   // method (rbx): Method*
   // rcx: receiver
   address ame_addr = __ pc();
-  __ jmp( Address(rbx, Method::from_compiled_offset()));
+  __ jmp( Address(rbx, entry_offset));
 
   masm->flush();
   slop_bytes += index_dependent_slop; // add'l slop for size variance due to large itable offsets
@@ -138,11 +139,12 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) {
 }
 
 
-VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int itable_index) {
+VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int itable_index, bool caller_is_c1) {
   // Read "A word on VtableStub sizing" in share/code/vtableStubs.hpp for details on stub sizing.
   const int stub_code_length = code_size_limit(false);
-  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(false, itable_index);
-  // Can be null if there is no free space in the code cache.
+  ByteSize  entry_offset = caller_is_c1 ? Method::from_compiled_inline_offset() :  Method::from_compiled_inline_ro_offset();
+  VtableStub* s = new(stub_code_length) VtableStub(false, itable_index, caller_is_c1);
+  // Can be nullptr if there is no free space in the code cache.
   if (s == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -209,7 +211,7 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int itable_index) {
   // We expect we need index_dependent_slop extra bytes. Reason:
   // The emitted code in lookup_interface_method changes when itable_index exceeds 15.
   // For linux, a very narrow estimate would be 112, but Solaris requires some more space (130).
-  const ptrdiff_t estimate = 136;
+  const ptrdiff_t estimate = 144;
   const ptrdiff_t codesize = lookupSize + index_dependent_slop;
   slop_delta  = (int)(estimate - codesize);
   slop_bytes += slop_delta;
@@ -228,7 +230,7 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int itable_index) {
     Label L2;
     __ cmpptr(method, NULL_WORD);
     __ jcc(Assembler::equal, L2);
-    __ cmpptr(Address(method, Method::from_compiled_offset()), NULL_WORD);
+    __ cmpptr(Address(method, entry_offset), NULL_WORD);
     __ jcc(Assembler::notZero, L2);
     __ stop("compiler entrypoint is null");
     __ bind(L2);
@@ -236,7 +238,7 @@ VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int itable_index) {
 #endif // ASSERT
 
   address ame_addr = __ pc();
-  __ jmp(Address(method, Method::from_compiled_offset()));
+  __ jmp(Address(method, entry_offset));
 
   __ bind(L_no_such_interface);
   // Handle IncompatibleClassChangeError in itable stubs.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
index a1bad907138..f26ace22e47 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
@@ -1649,6 +1649,10 @@ int MachCallDynamicJavaNode::ret_addr_offset() const
 }
 
 int MachCallRuntimeNode::ret_addr_offset() const {
+  if (_entry_point == nullptr) {
+    // CallLeafNoFPInDirect
+    return 3; // callq (register)
+  }
   int offset = 13; // movq r10,#addr; callq (r10)
   if (this->ideal_Opcode() != Op_CallLeafVector) {
     offset += clear_avx_size();
@@ -1887,25 +1891,15 @@ void MachPrologNode::format(PhaseRegAlloc* ra_, outputStream* st) const {
 void MachPrologNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
   Compile* C = ra_->C;
 
-  int framesize = C->output()->frame_size_in_bytes();
-  int bangsize = C->output()->bang_size_in_bytes();
-
-  if (C->clinit_barrier_on_entry()) {
-    assert(VM_Version::supports_fast_class_init_checks(), "sanity");
-    assert(!C->method()->holder()->is_not_initialized(), "initialization should have been started");
-
-    Label L_skip_barrier;
-    Register klass = rscratch1;
+  __ verified_entry(C);
 
-    __ mov_metadata(klass, C->method()->holder()->constant_encoding());
-    __ clinit_barrier(klass, &L_skip_barrier /*L_fast_path*/);
-
-    __ jump(RuntimeAddress(SharedRuntime::get_handle_wrong_method_stub())); // slow path
-
-    __ bind(L_skip_barrier);
+  if (ra_->C->stub_function() == nullptr) {
+    __ entry_barrier();
   }
 
-  __ verified_entry(framesize, C->output()->need_stack_bang(bangsize)?bangsize:0, false, C->stub_function() != nullptr);
+  if (!Compile::current()->output()->in_scratch_emit_size()) {
+    __ bind(*_verified_entry);
+  }
 
   C->output()->set_frame_complete(__ offset());
 
@@ -1917,11 +1911,6 @@ void MachPrologNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const {
   }
 }
 
-uint MachPrologNode::size(PhaseRegAlloc* ra_) const
-{
-  return MachNode::size(ra_); // too many variables; just compute it
-                              // the hard way
-}
 
 int MachPrologNode::reloc() const
 {
@@ -1969,19 +1958,9 @@ void MachEpilogNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler* masm, PhaseRegAlloc* ra_) const
     __ vzeroupper();
   }
 
-  int framesize = C->output()->frame_size_in_bytes();
-  assert((framesize & (StackAlignmentInBytes-1)) == 0, "frame size not aligned");
-  // Remove word for return adr already pushed
-  // and RBP
-  framesize -= 2*wordSize;
-
-  // Note that VerifyStackAtCalls' Majik cookie does not change the frame size popped here
-
-  if (framesize) {
-    __ addq(rsp, framesize);
-  }
-
-  __ popq(rbp);
+  // Subtract two words to account for return address and rbp
+  int initial_framesize = C->output()->frame_size_in_bytes() - 2*wordSize;
+  __ remove_frame(initial_framesize, C->needs_stack_repair());
 
   if (StackReservedPages > 0 && C->has_reserved_stack_access()) {
     __ reserved_stack_check();
@@ -2000,12 +1979,6 @@ void MachEpilogNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler* masm, PhaseRegAlloc* ra_) const
   }
 }
 
-uint MachEpilogNode::size(PhaseRegAlloc* ra_) const
-{
-  return MachNode::size(ra_); // too many variables; just compute it
-                              // the hard way
-}
-
 int MachEpilogNode::reloc() const
 {
   return 2; // a large enough number
@@ -2605,6 +2578,51 @@ uint BoxLockNode::size(PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const
   }
 }
 
+//=============================================================================
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+void MachVEPNode::format(PhaseRegAlloc* ra_, outputStream* st) const
+{
+  st->print_cr("MachVEPNode");
+}
+#endif
+
+void MachVEPNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler* masm, PhaseRegAlloc* ra_) const
+{
+  CodeBuffer* cbuf = masm->code();
+  if (!_verified) {
+    __ ic_check(1);
+  } else {
+    if (ra_->C->stub_function() == nullptr) {
+      // Emit the entry barrier in a temporary frame before unpacking because
+      // it can deopt, which would require packing the scalarized args again.
+      __ verified_entry(ra_->C, 0);
+      __ entry_barrier();
+      int initial_framesize = ra_->C->output()->frame_size_in_bytes() - 2*wordSize;
+      __ remove_frame(initial_framesize, false);
+    }
+    // Unpack inline type args passed as oop and then jump to
+    // the verified entry point (skipping the unverified entry).
+    int sp_inc = __ unpack_inline_args(ra_->C, _receiver_only);
+    // Emit code for verified entry and save increment for stack repair on return
+    __ verified_entry(ra_->C, sp_inc);
+    if (Compile::current()->output()->in_scratch_emit_size()) {
+      Label dummy_verified_entry;
+      __ jmp(dummy_verified_entry);
+    } else {
+      __ jmp(*_verified_entry);
+    }
+  }
+  if (ra_->C->stub_function() == nullptr) {
+    // Pad so that the next call to MachVEPNode::emit() starts out with the
+    // correct alignment.  This is needed by entry_barrier() to align the
+    // compare.  But unfortunately we need to align all 4 MachVEPNodes because
+    // entry point offsets are computed using scratch_emit_size(), so starting
+    // alignment must match the alignment of the scratch buffer, otherwise the sizes
+    // will be off.
+    __ align(4);
+  }
+}
+
 //=============================================================================
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 void MachUEPNode::format(PhaseRegAlloc* ra_, outputStream* st) const
@@ -2620,12 +2638,6 @@ void MachUEPNode::emit(C2_MacroAssembler* masm, PhaseRegAlloc* ra_) const
   __ ic_check(InteriorEntryAlignment);
 }
 
-uint MachUEPNode::size(PhaseRegAlloc* ra_) const
-{
-  return MachNode::size(ra_); // too many variables; just compute it
-                              // the hard way
-}
-
 
 //=============================================================================
 
@@ -4603,6 +4615,39 @@ encode %{
       __ int3();
       __ bind(L);
     }
+    if (tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields() && !_method->is_method_handle_intrinsic() && _method->return_type()->is_loaded()) {
+      // The last return value is not set by the callee but used to pass the null marker to compiled code.
+      // Search for the corresponding projection, get the register and emit code that initializes it.
+      uint con = (tf()->range_cc()->cnt() - 1);
+      for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = fast_outs(imax); i < imax; i++) {
+        ProjNode* proj = fast_out(i)->as_Proj();
+        if (proj->_con == con) {
+          // Set null marker if rax is non-null (a non-null value is returned buffered or scalarized)
+          OptoReg::Name optoReg = ra_->get_reg_first(proj);
+          VMReg reg = OptoReg::as_VMReg(optoReg, ra_->_framesize, OptoReg::reg2stack(ra_->_matcher._new_SP));
+          Register toReg = reg->is_reg() ? reg->as_Register() : rscratch1;
+          __ testq(rax, rax);
+          __ setb(Assembler::notZero, toReg);
+          __ movzbl(toReg, toReg);
+          if (reg->is_stack()) {
+            int st_off = reg->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
+            __ movq(Address(rsp, st_off), toReg);
+          }
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+      if (return_value_is_used()) {
+        // An inline type is returned as fields in multiple registers.
+        // Rax either contains an oop if the inline type is buffered or a pointer
+        // to the corresponding InlineKlass with the lowest bit set to 1. Zero rax
+        // if the lowest bit is set to allow C2 to use the oop after null checking.
+        // rax &= (rax & 1) - 1
+        __ movptr(rscratch1, rax);
+        __ andptr(rscratch1, 0x1);
+        __ subptr(rscratch1, 0x1);
+        __ andptr(rax, rscratch1);
+      }
+    }
   %}
 
 %}
@@ -5781,6 +5826,22 @@ operand indPosIndexScaleOffset(any_RegP reg, immL32 off, rRegI idx, immI2 scale)
   %}
 %}
 
+// Indirect Narrow Oop Operand
+operand indCompressedOop(rRegN reg) %{
+  predicate(UseCompressedOops && (CompressedOops::shift() == Address::times_8));
+  constraint(ALLOC_IN_RC(ptr_reg));
+  match(DecodeN reg);
+
+  op_cost(10);
+  format %{"[R12 + $reg << 3] (compressed oop addressing)" %}
+  interface(MEMORY_INTER) %{
+    base(0xc); // R12
+    index($reg);
+    scale(0x3);
+    disp(0x0);
+  %}
+%}
+
 // Indirect Narrow Oop Plus Offset Operand
 // Note: x86 architecture doesn't support "scale * index + offset" without a base
 // we can't free r12 even with CompressedOops::base() == nullptr.
@@ -6290,7 +6351,7 @@ operand legVecZ() %{
 
 opclass memory(indirect, indOffset8, indOffset32, indIndexOffset, indIndex,
                indIndexScale, indPosIndexScale, indIndexScaleOffset, indPosIndexOffset, indPosIndexScaleOffset,
-               indCompressedOopOffset,
+               indCompressedOop, indCompressedOopOffset,
                indirectNarrow, indOffset8Narrow, indOffset32Narrow,
                indIndexOffsetNarrow, indIndexNarrow, indIndexScaleNarrow,
                indIndexScaleOffsetNarrow, indPosIndexOffsetNarrow, indPosIndexScaleOffsetNarrow);
@@ -8920,6 +8981,32 @@ instruct castX2P(rRegP dst, rRegL src)
   ins_pipe(ialu_reg_reg); // XXX
 %}
 
+instruct castI2N(rRegN dst, rRegI src)
+%{
+  match(Set dst (CastI2N src));
+
+  format %{ "movq    $dst, $src\t# int -> narrow ptr" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    if ($dst$$reg != $src$$reg) {
+      __ movl($dst$$Register, $src$$Register);
+    }
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(ialu_reg_reg); // XXX
+%}
+
+instruct castN2X(rRegL dst, rRegN src)
+%{
+  match(Set dst (CastP2X src));
+
+  format %{ "movq    $dst, $src\t# ptr -> long" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    if ($dst$$reg != $src$$reg) {
+      __ movptr($dst$$Register, $src$$Register);
+    }
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(ialu_reg_reg); // XXX
+%}
+
 instruct castP2X(rRegL dst, rRegP src)
 %{
   match(Set dst (CastP2X src));
@@ -14686,14 +14773,132 @@ instruct MoveL2D_reg_reg(regD dst, rRegL src) %{
   ins_pipe( pipe_slow );
 %}
 
+
 // Fast clearing of an array
 // Small non-constant lenght ClearArray for non-AVX512 targets.
-instruct rep_stos(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, rax_RegI zero,
+instruct rep_stos(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, rax_RegL val,
                   Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
 %{
-  predicate(!((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() && (UseAVX <= 2));
-  match(Set dummy (ClearArray cnt base));
-  effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, KILL zero, KILL cr);
+  predicate(!((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() && !((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only() && (UseAVX <= 2));
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
+  effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, USE_KILL val, KILL cr);
+
+  format %{ $$template
+    $$emit$$"cmp     InitArrayShortSize,rcx\n\t"
+    $$emit$$"jg      LARGE\n\t"
+    $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
+    $$emit$$"js      DONE\t# Zero length\n\t"
+    $$emit$$"mov     rax,(rdi,rcx,8)\t# LOOP\n\t"
+    $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
+    $$emit$$"jge     LOOP\n\t"
+    $$emit$$"jmp     DONE\n\t"
+    $$emit$$"# LARGE:\n\t"
+    if (UseFastStosb) {
+       $$emit$$"shlq    rcx,3\t# Convert doublewords to bytes\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"rep     stosb\t# Store rax to *rdi++ while rcx--\n\t"
+    } else if (UseXMMForObjInit) {
+       $$emit$$"movdq   $tmp, $val\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"punpcklqdq $tmp, $tmp\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vinserti128_high $tmp, $tmp\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jmpq    L_zero_64_bytes\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_loop:\t# 64-byte LOOP\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,(rax)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,0x20(rax)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x40,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_zero_64_bytes:\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"sub     0x8,rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jge     L_loop\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jl      L_tail\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,(rax)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x20,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"sub     0x4,rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_tail:\t# Clearing tail bytes\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jle     L_end\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_sloop:\t# 8-byte short loop\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovq   xmm0,(rax)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x8,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jge     L_sloop\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_end:\n\t"
+    } else {
+       $$emit$$"rep     stosq\t# Store rax to *rdi++ while rcx--\n\t"
+    }
+    $$emit$$"# DONE"
+  %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ clear_mem($base$$Register, $cnt$$Register, $val$$Register,
+                 $tmp$$XMMRegister, false, false);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
+instruct rep_stos_word_copy(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, rax_RegL val,
+                            Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
+%{
+  predicate(!((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() && ((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only() && (UseAVX <= 2));
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
+  effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, USE_KILL val, KILL cr);
+
+  format %{ $$template
+    $$emit$$"cmp     InitArrayShortSize,rcx\n\t"
+    $$emit$$"jg      LARGE\n\t"
+    $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
+    $$emit$$"js      DONE\t# Zero length\n\t"
+    $$emit$$"mov     rax,(rdi,rcx,8)\t# LOOP\n\t"
+    $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
+    $$emit$$"jge     LOOP\n\t"
+    $$emit$$"jmp     DONE\n\t"
+    $$emit$$"# LARGE:\n\t"
+    if (UseXMMForObjInit) {
+       $$emit$$"movdq   $tmp, $val\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"punpcklqdq $tmp, $tmp\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vinserti128_high $tmp, $tmp\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jmpq    L_zero_64_bytes\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_loop:\t# 64-byte LOOP\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,(rax)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,0x20(rax)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x40,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_zero_64_bytes:\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"sub     0x8,rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jge     L_loop\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jl      L_tail\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,(rax)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x20,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"sub     0x4,rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_tail:\t# Clearing tail bytes\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jle     L_end\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_sloop:\t# 8-byte short loop\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovq   xmm0,(rax)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x8,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jge     L_sloop\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_end:\n\t"
+    } else {
+       $$emit$$"rep     stosq\t# Store rax to *rdi++ while rcx--\n\t"
+    }
+    $$emit$$"# DONE"
+  %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ clear_mem($base$$Register, $cnt$$Register, $val$$Register,
+                 $tmp$$XMMRegister, false, true);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
+// Small non-constant length ClearArray for AVX512 targets.
+instruct rep_stos_evex(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, legRegD tmp, kReg ktmp, rax_RegL val,
+                       Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
+%{
+  predicate(!((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() && !((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only() && (UseAVX > 2));
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
+  ins_cost(125);
+  effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, TEMP ktmp, USE_KILL val, KILL cr);
 
   format %{ $$template
     $$emit$$"xorq    rax, rax\t# ClearArray:\n\t"
@@ -14741,20 +14946,19 @@ instruct rep_stos(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, rax_RegI zero,
     $$emit$$"# DONE"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ clear_mem($base$$Register, $cnt$$Register, $zero$$Register,
-                 $tmp$$XMMRegister, false, knoreg);
+    __ clear_mem($base$$Register, $cnt$$Register, $val$$Register,
+                 $tmp$$XMMRegister, false, false, $ktmp$$KRegister);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
 
-// Small non-constant length ClearArray for AVX512 targets.
-instruct rep_stos_evex(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, legRegD tmp, kReg ktmp, rax_RegI zero,
-                       Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
+instruct rep_stos_evex_word_copy(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, legRegD tmp, kReg ktmp, rax_RegL val,
+                                 Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
 %{
-  predicate(!((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() && (UseAVX > 2));
-  match(Set dummy (ClearArray cnt base));
+  predicate(!((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() && ((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only() && (UseAVX > 2));
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
   ins_cost(125);
-  effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, TEMP ktmp, KILL zero, KILL cr);
+  effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, TEMP ktmp, USE_KILL val, KILL cr);
 
   format %{ $$template
     $$emit$$"xorq    rax, rax\t# ClearArray:\n\t"
@@ -14802,19 +15006,115 @@ instruct rep_stos_evex(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, legRegD tmp, kReg ktmp, rax_
     $$emit$$"# DONE"
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ clear_mem($base$$Register, $cnt$$Register, $zero$$Register,
-                 $tmp$$XMMRegister, false, $ktmp$$KRegister);
+    __ clear_mem($base$$Register, $cnt$$Register, $val$$Register,
+                 $tmp$$XMMRegister, false, true, $ktmp$$KRegister);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
 
 // Large non-constant length ClearArray for non-AVX512 targets.
-instruct rep_stos_large(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, rax_RegI zero,
+instruct rep_stos_large(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, rax_RegL val,
                         Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
 %{
-  predicate((UseAVX <=2) && ((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large());
-  match(Set dummy (ClearArray cnt base));
-  effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, KILL zero, KILL cr);
+  predicate(((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() && !((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only() && (UseAVX <= 2));
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
+  effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, USE_KILL val, KILL cr);
+
+  format %{ $$template
+    if (UseFastStosb) {
+       $$emit$$"shlq    rcx,3\t# Convert doublewords to bytes\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"rep     stosb\t# Store rax to *rdi++ while rcx--"
+    } else if (UseXMMForObjInit) {
+       $$emit$$"movdq   $tmp, $val\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"punpcklqdq $tmp, $tmp\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vinserti128_high $tmp, $tmp\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jmpq    L_zero_64_bytes\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_loop:\t# 64-byte LOOP\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,(rax)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,0x20(rax)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x40,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_zero_64_bytes:\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"sub     0x8,rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jge     L_loop\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jl      L_tail\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,(rax)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x20,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"sub     0x4,rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_tail:\t# Clearing tail bytes\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jle     L_end\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_sloop:\t# 8-byte short loop\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovq   xmm0,(rax)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x8,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jge     L_sloop\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_end:\n\t"
+    } else {
+       $$emit$$"rep     stosq\t# Store rax to *rdi++ while rcx--"
+    }
+  %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ clear_mem($base$$Register, $cnt$$Register, $val$$Register,
+                 $tmp$$XMMRegister, true, false);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
+instruct rep_stos_large_word_copy(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, rax_RegL val,
+                                  Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
+%{
+  predicate(((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() && ((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only() && (UseAVX <= 2));
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
+  effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, USE_KILL val, KILL cr);
+
+  format %{ $$template
+    if (UseXMMForObjInit) {
+       $$emit$$"movdq   $tmp, $val\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"punpcklqdq $tmp, $tmp\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vinserti128_high $tmp, $tmp\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jmpq    L_zero_64_bytes\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_loop:\t# 64-byte LOOP\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,(rax)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,0x20(rax)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x40,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_zero_64_bytes:\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"sub     0x8,rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jge     L_loop\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jl      L_tail\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,(rax)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x20,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"sub     0x4,rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_tail:\t# Clearing tail bytes\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jle     L_end\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_sloop:\t# 8-byte short loop\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovq   xmm0,(rax)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x8,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jge     L_sloop\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_end:\n\t"
+    } else {
+       $$emit$$"rep     stosq\t# Store rax to *rdi++ while rcx--"
+    }
+  %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ clear_mem($base$$Register, $cnt$$Register, $val$$Register,
+                 $tmp$$XMMRegister, true, true);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
+// Large non-constant length ClearArray for AVX512 targets.
+instruct rep_stos_large_evex(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, legRegD tmp, kReg ktmp, rax_RegL val,
+                             Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
+%{
+  predicate(((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() && !((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only() && (UseAVX > 2));
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
+  effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, TEMP ktmp, USE_KILL val, KILL cr);
 
   format %{ $$template
     if (UseFastStosb) {
@@ -14853,19 +15153,18 @@ instruct rep_stos_large(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, rax_RegI zero,
     }
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ clear_mem($base$$Register, $cnt$$Register, $zero$$Register,
-                 $tmp$$XMMRegister, true, knoreg);
+    __ clear_mem($base$$Register, $cnt$$Register, $val$$Register,
+                 $tmp$$XMMRegister, true, false, $ktmp$$KRegister);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
 
-// Large non-constant length ClearArray for AVX512 targets.
-instruct rep_stos_large_evex(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, legRegD tmp, kReg ktmp, rax_RegI zero,
-                             Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
+instruct rep_stos_large_evex_word_copy(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, legRegD tmp, kReg ktmp, rax_RegL val,
+                                       Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
 %{
-  predicate((UseAVX > 2) && ((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large());
-  match(Set dummy (ClearArray cnt base));
-  effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, TEMP ktmp, KILL zero, KILL cr);
+  predicate(((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() && ((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only() && (UseAVX > 2));
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
+  effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, TEMP ktmp, USE_KILL val, KILL cr);
 
   format %{ $$template
     if (UseFastStosb) {
@@ -14904,22 +15203,23 @@ instruct rep_stos_large_evex(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, legRegD tmp, kReg ktmp
     }
   %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ clear_mem($base$$Register, $cnt$$Register, $zero$$Register,
-                 $tmp$$XMMRegister, true, $ktmp$$KRegister);
+    __ clear_mem($base$$Register, $cnt$$Register, $val$$Register,
+                 $tmp$$XMMRegister, true, true, $ktmp$$KRegister);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
 
 // Small constant length ClearArray for AVX512 targets.
-instruct rep_stos_im(immL cnt, rRegP base, regD tmp, rRegI zero, kReg ktmp, Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
+instruct rep_stos_im(immL cnt, rRegP base, regD tmp, rax_RegL val, kReg ktmp, Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
 %{
-  predicate(!((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() && (MaxVectorSize >= 32) && VM_Version::supports_avx512vl());
-  match(Set dummy (ClearArray cnt base));
+  predicate(!((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() && !((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only() &&
+            ((MaxVectorSize >= 32) && VM_Version::supports_avx512vl()));
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
   ins_cost(100);
-  effect(TEMP tmp, TEMP zero, TEMP ktmp, KILL cr);
+  effect(TEMP tmp, USE_KILL val, TEMP ktmp, KILL cr);
   format %{ "clear_mem_imm $base , $cnt  \n\t" %}
   ins_encode %{
-   __ clear_mem($base$$Register, $cnt$$constant, $zero$$Register, $tmp$$XMMRegister, $ktmp$$KRegister);
+    __ clear_mem($base$$Register, $cnt$$constant, $val$$Register, $tmp$$XMMRegister, $ktmp$$KRegister);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
@@ -16797,9 +17097,26 @@ instruct CallLeafDirectVector(method meth)
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
 
+// Call runtime without safepoint
+// entry point is null, target holds the address to call
+instruct CallLeafNoFPInDirect(rRegP target)
+%{
+  predicate(n->as_Call()->entry_point() == nullptr);
+  match(CallLeafNoFP target);
+
+  ins_cost(300);
+  format %{ "call_leaf_nofp,runtime indirect " %}
+  ins_encode %{
+     __ call($target$$Register);
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
 // Call runtime without safepoint
 instruct CallLeafNoFPDirect(method meth)
 %{
+  predicate(n->as_Call()->entry_point() != nullptr);
   match(CallLeafNoFP);
   effect(USE meth);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/continuationFreezeThaw_zero.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/continuationFreezeThaw_zero.inline.hpp
index 740f65e3460..f3c0ae80e0f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/continuationFreezeThaw_zero.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/continuationFreezeThaw_zero.inline.hpp
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ inline frame FreezeBase::sender(const frame& f) {
   return frame();
 }
 
-template<typename FKind> frame FreezeBase::new_heap_frame(frame& f, frame& caller) {
+template<typename FKind> frame FreezeBase::new_heap_frame(frame& f, frame& caller, int size_adjust) {
   Unimplemented();
   return frame();
 }
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ inline void FreezeBase::relativize_interpreted_frame_metadata(const frame& f, co
   Unimplemented();
 }
 
-inline void FreezeBase::patch_pd(frame& hf, const frame& caller) {
+inline void FreezeBase::patch_pd(frame& hf, const frame& caller, bool is_bottom_frame) {
   Unimplemented();
 }
 
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ inline frame ThawBase::new_entry_frame() {
   return frame();
 }
 
-template<typename FKind> frame ThawBase::new_stack_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, bool bottom) {
+template<typename FKind> frame ThawBase::new_stack_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, bool bottom, int size_adjust) {
   Unimplemented();
   return frame();
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/frame_zero.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/frame_zero.cpp
index 69bbea2972a..3dcf75fc409 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/frame_zero.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/frame_zero.cpp
@@ -430,3 +430,20 @@ frame::frame(void* sp, void* fp, void* pc) {
 }
 
 #endif
+
+intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(intptr_t* sender_sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) const {
+  // Only called for nmethods, which Zero does not have.
+  ShouldNotReachHere();
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(nmethod* nm, intptr_t* sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) {
+  // Only called for nmethods, which Zero does not have.
+  ShouldNotReachHere();
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+bool frame::was_augmented_on_entry(int& real_size) const {
+  ShouldNotReachHere();
+  return false;
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/frame_zero.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/frame_zero.hpp
index 514b134e36b..5e7bef60d33 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/frame_zero.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/frame_zero.hpp
@@ -87,4 +87,8 @@
   template <typename RegisterMapT>
   static void update_map_with_saved_link(RegisterMapT* map, intptr_t** link_addr);
 
+  intptr_t* repair_sender_sp(intptr_t* sender_sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) const;
+  static intptr_t* repair_sender_sp(nmethod* nm, intptr_t* sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr);
+  bool was_augmented_on_entry(int& real_size) const;
+
 #endif // CPU_ZERO_FRAME_ZERO_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/globals_zero.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/globals_zero.hpp
index 6dc7d81275c..7a3917489f2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/globals_zero.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/globals_zero.hpp
@@ -73,6 +73,9 @@ define_pd_global(uintx, TypeProfileLevel, 0);
 
 define_pd_global(bool, PreserveFramePointer, false);
 
+define_pd_global(bool, InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, false);
+define_pd_global(bool, InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, false);
+
 define_pd_global(bool, CompactStrings, true);
 
 #define ARCH_FLAGS(develop,                                                 \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/sharedRuntime_zero.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/sharedRuntime_zero.cpp
index 6e18097c992..45ad6e25719 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/sharedRuntime_zero.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/sharedRuntime_zero.cpp
@@ -44,12 +44,29 @@ int SharedRuntime::java_calling_convention(const BasicType *sig_bt,
   return 0;
 }
 
+int SharedRuntime::java_return_convention(const BasicType *sig_bt,
+                                           VMRegPair *regs,
+                                           int total_args_passed) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return 0;
+}
+
+BufferedInlineTypeBlob* SharedRuntime::generate_buffered_inline_type_adapter(const InlineKlass* vk) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
 void SharedRuntime::generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler *masm,
-                                            int total_args_passed,
                                             int comp_args_on_stack,
-                                            const BasicType *sig_bt,
-                                            const VMRegPair *regs,
-                                            address entry_address[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT]) {
+                                            const GrowableArray <SigEntry>* sig,
+                                            const VMRegPair* regs,
+                                            const GrowableArray <SigEntry>* sig_cc,
+                                            const VMRegPair* regs_cc,
+                                            const GrowableArray <SigEntry>* sig_cc_ro,
+                                            const VMRegPair* regs_cc_ro,
+                                            address entry_address[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT],
+                                            AdapterBlob*& new_adapter,
+                                            bool allocate_code_blob) {
   ShouldNotCallThis();
   return;
 }
@@ -125,6 +142,13 @@ int SharedRuntime::vector_calling_convention(VMRegPair *regs,
   return 0;
 }
 
+// Call here from the interpreter or compiled code to store returned
+// values to a newly allocated inline type instance.
+RuntimeStub* SharedRuntime::generate_return_value_stub(address destination) {
+  Unimplemented();
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
 #if INCLUDE_JFR
 RuntimeStub* SharedRuntime::generate_jfr_write_checkpoint() {
   return nullptr;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/vtableStubs_zero.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/vtableStubs_zero.cpp
index 12819b484b2..ff559e9d269 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/vtableStubs_zero.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/vtableStubs_zero.cpp
@@ -26,12 +26,12 @@
 #include "code/vtableStubs.hpp"
 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
 
-VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) {
+VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index, bool caller_is_c1) {
   ShouldNotCallThis();
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int vtable_index) {
+VtableStub* VtableStubs::create_itable_stub(int vtable_index, bool caller_is_c1) {
   ShouldNotCallThis();
   return nullptr;
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/zeroInterpreter_zero.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/zeroInterpreter_zero.cpp
index 1b20761f6e4..810d9db8d58 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/zeroInterpreter_zero.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/zeroInterpreter_zero.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 Red Hat, Inc.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -582,6 +582,12 @@ int ZeroInterpreter::getter_entry(Method* method, intptr_t UNUSED, TRAPS) {
     return normal_entry(method, 0, THREAD);
   }
 
+  // Flattened entries require handling beyond a direct field load.
+  // Bail to slow path.
+  if (entry->is_flat()) {
+    return normal_entry(method, 0, THREAD);
+  }
+
   ZeroStack* stack = thread->zero_stack();
   intptr_t* topOfStack = stack->sp();
 
@@ -673,6 +679,12 @@ int ZeroInterpreter::setter_entry(Method* method, intptr_t UNUSED, TRAPS) {
     return normal_entry(method, 0, THREAD);
   }
 
+  // Flattened entries require handling beyond a direct field store.
+  // Bail to slow path.
+  if (entry->is_flat()) {
+    return normal_entry(method, 0, THREAD);
+  }
+
   ZeroStack* stack = thread->zero_stack();
   intptr_t* topOfStack = stack->sp();
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/os/posix/dtrace/hotspot_jni.d b/src/hotspot/os/posix/dtrace/hotspot_jni.d
index 1937769dcb2..631ad852294 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os/posix/dtrace/hotspot_jni.d
+++ b/src/hotspot/os/posix/dtrace/hotspot_jni.d
@@ -360,6 +360,8 @@ provider hotspot_jni {
   probe GetSuperclass__return(void*);
   probe GetVersion__entry(void*);
   probe GetVersion__return(uint32_t);
+  probe HasIdentity__entry(void*, void*);
+  probe HasIdentity__return(uintptr_t);
   probe IsAssignableFrom__entry(void*, void*, void*);
   probe IsAssignableFrom__return(uintptr_t);
   probe IsInstanceOf__entry(void*, void*, void*);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/adlc/forms.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/adlc/forms.cpp
index e2265f70ed9..ddcec91c4ab 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/adlc/forms.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/adlc/forms.cpp
@@ -282,6 +282,7 @@ Form::DataType Form::is_store_to_memory(const char *opType) const {
   if( strcmp(opType,"StoreF")==0)  return Form::idealF;
   if( strcmp(opType,"StoreI")==0)  return Form::idealI;
   if( strcmp(opType,"StoreL")==0)  return Form::idealL;
+  if( strcmp(opType,"StoreLSpecial")==0)  return Form::idealL;
   if( strcmp(opType,"StoreP")==0)  return Form::idealP;
   if( strcmp(opType,"StoreN")==0)  return Form::idealN;
   if( strcmp(opType,"StoreNKlass")==0)  return Form::idealNKlass;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/adlc/formssel.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/adlc/formssel.cpp
index c80c1ac379c..8abaa62982b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/adlc/formssel.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/adlc/formssel.cpp
@@ -846,7 +846,11 @@ uint InstructForm::oper_input_base(FormDict &globals) {
       strcmp(_matrule->_opType,"TailJump"  )==0 ||
       strcmp(_matrule->_opType,"ForwardException")==0 ||
       strcmp(_matrule->_opType,"SafePoint" )==0 ||
-      strcmp(_matrule->_opType,"Halt"      )==0 )
+      strcmp(_matrule->_opType,"Halt"      )==0 ||
+      // This is required because PhaseMacroExpand::expand_mh_intrinsic_return() uses
+      // a special version of CallLeafNoFP that takes the target of the call as first
+      // argument
+      strcmp(_matrule->_opType,"CallLeafNoFP")==0)
     return AdlcVMDeps::Parms;   // Skip the machine-state edges
 
   if( _matrule->_rChild &&
@@ -3587,7 +3591,7 @@ void MatchNode::forms_do(FormClosure *f) {
 
 int MatchNode::needs_ideal_memory_edge(FormDict &globals) const {
   static const char *needs_ideal_memory_list[] = {
-    "StoreI","StoreL","StoreP","StoreN","StoreNKlass","StoreD","StoreF" ,
+    "StoreI","StoreL","StoreLSpecial","StoreP","StoreN","StoreNKlass","StoreD","StoreF" ,
     "StoreB","StoreC","Store" ,"StoreFP",
     "LoadI", "LoadL", "LoadP" ,"LoadN", "LoadD" ,"LoadF"  ,
     "LoadB" , "LoadUB", "LoadUS" ,"LoadS" ,"Load" ,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/adlc/main.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/adlc/main.cpp
index 8e6ea5bbec9..5b244eca34f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/adlc/main.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/adlc/main.cpp
@@ -218,6 +218,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
   AD.addInclude(AD._CPP_file, "code/compiledIC.hpp");
   AD.addInclude(AD._CPP_file, "code/nativeInst.hpp");
   AD.addInclude(AD._CPP_file, "code/vmreg.inline.hpp");
+  AD.addInclude(AD._CPP_file, "gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler.hpp");
   AD.addInclude(AD._CPP_file, "gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp");
   AD.addInclude(AD._CPP_file, "oops/compressedOops.hpp");
   AD.addInclude(AD._CPP_file, "oops/markWord.hpp");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/adlc/output_h.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/adlc/output_h.cpp
index 8aa1762f902..616e457cdd3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/adlc/output_h.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/adlc/output_h.cpp
@@ -1631,7 +1631,7 @@ void ArchDesc::declareClasses(FILE *fp) {
       if (instr->is_ideal_call() != Form::invalid_type &&
           instr->is_ideal_call() != Form::JAVA_LEAF) {
         // MachConstantBase goes behind arguments, but before jvms.
-        fprintf(fp,"assert(tf() && tf()->domain(), \"\"); return tf()->domain()->cnt();");
+        fprintf(fp,"assert(tf() && tf()->domain_cc(), \"\"); return tf()->domain_cc()->cnt();");
       } else {
         fprintf(fp,"return req()-1;");
       }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/asm/codeBuffer.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/asm/codeBuffer.hpp
index ea0237f1401..d56ab27f025 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/asm/codeBuffer.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/asm/codeBuffer.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -53,6 +53,9 @@ class CodeOffsets: public StackObj {
 public:
   enum Entries { Entry,
                  Verified_Entry,
+                 Inline_Entry,
+                 Verified_Inline_Entry,
+                 Verified_Inline_Entry_RO,
                  Frame_Complete, // Offset in the code where the frame setup is (for forte stackwalks) is complete
                  OSR_Entry,
                  Exceptions,     // Offset where exception handler lives
@@ -63,15 +66,20 @@ class CodeOffsets: public StackObj {
   // special value to note codeBlobs where profile (forte) stack walking is
   // always dangerous and suspect.
 
-  enum { frame_never_safe = -1 };
+  static const int frame_never_safe = -1;
+  static const int no_such_entry_point = -1;
 
 private:
   int _values[max_Entries];
+  void check(int e) const { assert(0 <= e && e < max_Entries, "must be"); }
 
 public:
   CodeOffsets() {
     _values[Entry         ] = 0;
     _values[Verified_Entry] = 0;
+    _values[Inline_Entry  ] = 0;
+    _values[Verified_Inline_Entry   ] = no_such_entry_point;
+    _values[Verified_Inline_Entry_RO] = no_such_entry_point;
     _values[Frame_Complete] = frame_never_safe;
     _values[OSR_Entry     ] = 0;
     _values[Exceptions    ] = -1;
@@ -79,8 +87,8 @@ class CodeOffsets: public StackObj {
     _values[UnwindHandler ] = -1;
   }
 
-  int value(Entries e) { return _values[e]; }
-  void set_value(Entries e, int val) { _values[e] = val; }
+  int value(Entries e) const { check(e); return _values[e]; }
+  void set_value(Entries e, int val) { check(e); _values[e] = val; }
 };
 
 // This class represents a stream of code and associated relocations.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/asm/macroAssembler.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/asm/macroAssembler.hpp
index 35265de35ef..742af7c0f8c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/asm/macroAssembler.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/asm/macroAssembler.hpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #define SHARE_ASM_MACROASSEMBLER_HPP
 
 #include "asm/assembler.hpp"
+#include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 
 #include CPU_HEADER(macroAssembler)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/asm/macroAssembler_common.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/asm/macroAssembler_common.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..96f0b5f8a50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/asm/macroAssembler_common.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "asm/assembler.hpp"
+#include "asm/assembler.inline.hpp"
+#include "asm/macroAssembler.hpp"
+#include "jvm.h"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
+#include "runtime/signature_cc.hpp"
+#ifdef COMPILER2
+#include "opto/compile.hpp"
+#include "opto/node.hpp"
+#endif
+
+void MacroAssembler::skip_unpacked_fields(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int& sig_index, VMRegPair* regs_from, int regs_from_count, int& from_index) {
+  ScalarizedInlineArgsStream stream(sig, sig_index, regs_from, regs_from_count, from_index);
+  VMReg reg;
+  BasicType bt;
+  while (stream.next(reg, bt)) {}
+  sig_index = stream.sig_index();
+  from_index = stream.regs_index();
+}
+
+bool MacroAssembler::is_reg_in_unpacked_fields(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int sig_index, VMReg to, VMRegPair* regs_from, int regs_from_count, int from_index) {
+  ScalarizedInlineArgsStream stream(sig, sig_index, regs_from, regs_from_count, from_index);
+  VMReg reg;
+  BasicType bt;
+  while (stream.next(reg, bt)) {
+    if (reg == to) {
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+MacroAssembler::RegState* MacroAssembler::init_reg_state(VMRegPair* regs, int num_regs, int sp_inc, int max_stack) {
+  int max_reg = VMRegImpl::stack2reg(max_stack)->value();
+  MacroAssembler::RegState* reg_state = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(MacroAssembler::RegState, max_reg);
+
+  // Make all writable
+  for (int i = 0; i < max_reg; ++i) {
+    reg_state[i] = MacroAssembler::reg_writable;
+  }
+  // Set all source registers/stack slots to readonly to prevent accidental overwriting
+  for (int i = 0; i < num_regs; ++i) {
+    VMReg reg = regs[i].first();
+    if (!reg->is_valid()) continue;
+    if (reg->is_stack()) {
+      // Update source stack location by adding stack increment
+      reg = VMRegImpl::stack2reg(reg->reg2stack() + sp_inc/VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size);
+      regs[i] = reg;
+    }
+    assert(reg->value() >= 0 && reg->value() < max_reg, "reg value out of bounds");
+    reg_state[reg->value()] = MacroAssembler::reg_readonly;
+  }
+  return reg_state;
+}
+
+#ifdef COMPILER2
+int MacroAssembler::unpack_inline_args(Compile* C, bool receiver_only) {
+  assert(C->has_scalarized_args(), "inline type argument scalarization is disabled");
+  ciMethod* method = C->method();
+  const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig = method->get_sig_cc();
+  assert(sig != nullptr, "must have scalarized signature");
+
+  // Get unscalarized calling convention
+  BasicType* sig_bt = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(BasicType, 256);
+  int args_passed = 0;
+  if (!method->is_static()) {
+    sig_bt[args_passed++] = T_OBJECT;
+  }
+  if (!receiver_only) {
+    for (ciSignatureStream ss(method->signature()); !ss.at_return_type(); ss.next()) {
+      BasicType bt = ss.type()->basic_type();
+      sig_bt[args_passed++] = bt;
+      if (type2size[bt] == 2) {
+        sig_bt[args_passed++] = T_VOID;
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    // Only unpack the receiver, all other arguments are already scalarized
+    ciInstanceKlass* holder = method->holder();
+    int rec_len = (holder->is_inlinetype() && method->is_scalarized_arg(0)) ? holder->as_inline_klass()->inline_arg_length() : 1;
+    // Copy scalarized signature but skip receiver and inline type delimiters
+    for (int i = 0; i < sig->length(); i++) {
+      if (SigEntry::skip_value_delimiters(sig, i) && rec_len <= 0) {
+        sig_bt[args_passed++] = sig->at(i)._bt;
+      }
+      rec_len--;
+    }
+  }
+  VMRegPair* regs = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(VMRegPair, args_passed);
+  int args_on_stack = SharedRuntime::java_calling_convention(sig_bt, regs, args_passed);
+
+  // Get scalarized calling convention
+  int args_passed_cc = SigEntry::fill_sig_bt(sig, sig_bt);
+  VMRegPair* regs_cc = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(VMRegPair, sig->length());
+  int args_on_stack_cc = SharedRuntime::java_calling_convention(sig_bt, regs_cc, args_passed_cc);
+
+  // Check if we need to extend the stack for unpacking
+  int sp_inc = 0;
+  if (args_on_stack_cc > args_on_stack) {
+    sp_inc = extend_stack_for_inline_args(args_on_stack_cc);
+  }
+  shuffle_inline_args(false, receiver_only, sig,
+                      args_passed, args_on_stack, regs,           // from
+                      args_passed_cc, args_on_stack_cc, regs_cc,  // to
+                      sp_inc, noreg);
+  return sp_inc;
+}
+#endif // COMPILER2
+
+void MacroAssembler::shuffle_inline_args(bool is_packing, bool receiver_only,
+                                         const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig,
+                                         int args_passed, int args_on_stack, VMRegPair* regs,
+                                         int args_passed_to, int args_on_stack_to, VMRegPair* regs_to,
+                                         int sp_inc, Register val_array) {
+  int max_stack = MAX2(args_on_stack + sp_inc/VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size, args_on_stack_to);
+  RegState* reg_state = init_reg_state(regs, args_passed, sp_inc, max_stack);
+
+  // Emit code for packing/unpacking inline type arguments
+  // We try multiple times and eventually start spilling to resolve (circular) dependencies
+  bool done = (args_passed_to == 0);
+  for (int i = 0; i < 2*args_passed_to && !done; ++i) {
+    done = true;
+    bool spill = (i > args_passed_to); // Start spilling?
+    // Iterate over all arguments (when unpacking, do in reverse)
+    int step = is_packing ? 1 : -1;
+    int from_index    = is_packing ? 0 : args_passed      - 1;
+    int to_index      = is_packing ? 0 : args_passed_to   - 1;
+    int sig_index     = is_packing ? 0 : sig->length()    - 1;
+    int sig_index_end = is_packing ? sig->length() : -1;
+    int vtarg_index = 0;
+    for (; sig_index != sig_index_end; sig_index += step) {
+      assert(0 <= sig_index && sig_index < sig->length(), "index out of bounds");
+      if (spill) {
+        // This call returns true IFF we should keep trying to spill in this round.
+        spill = shuffle_inline_args_spill(is_packing, sig, sig_index, regs, from_index, args_passed,
+                                          reg_state);
+      }
+      BasicType bt = sig->at(sig_index)._bt;
+      if (SigEntry::skip_value_delimiters(sig, sig_index)) {
+        VMReg from_reg = regs[from_index].first();
+        if (from_reg->is_valid()) {
+          done &= move_helper(from_reg, regs_to[to_index].first(), bt, reg_state);
+        } else {
+          // halves of T_LONG or T_DOUBLE
+          assert(bt == T_VOID, "unexpected basic type");
+        }
+        to_index += step;
+        from_index += step;
+      } else if (is_packing) {
+        assert(val_array != noreg, "must be");
+        VMReg reg_to = regs_to[to_index].first();
+        done &= pack_inline_helper(sig, sig_index, vtarg_index,
+                                   regs, args_passed, from_index, reg_to,
+                                   reg_state, val_array);
+        vtarg_index++;
+        to_index++;
+      } else if (!receiver_only || (from_index == 0 && bt == T_VOID)) {
+        VMReg from_reg = regs[from_index].first();
+        done &= unpack_inline_helper(sig, sig_index,
+                                     from_reg, from_index, regs_to, args_passed_to, to_index,
+                                     reg_state);
+        if (from_index == -1 && sig_index != 0) {
+          // This can happen when we are confusing an empty inline type argument which is
+          // not counted in the scalarized signature for the receiver. Just ignore it.
+          assert(receiver_only, "sanity");
+          from_index = 0;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  guarantee(done, "Could not resolve circular dependency when shuffling inline type arguments");
+}
+
+bool MacroAssembler::shuffle_inline_args_spill(bool is_packing, const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int sig_index,
+                                               VMRegPair* regs_from, int from_index, int regs_from_count, RegState* reg_state) {
+  VMReg reg;
+  if (!is_packing || SigEntry::skip_value_delimiters(sig, sig_index)) {
+    reg = regs_from[from_index].first();
+    if (!reg->is_valid() || reg_state[reg->value()] != reg_readonly) {
+      // Spilling this won't break cycles
+      return true;
+    }
+  } else {
+    ScalarizedInlineArgsStream stream(sig, sig_index, regs_from, regs_from_count, from_index);
+    VMReg from_reg;
+    BasicType bt;
+    bool found = false;
+    while (stream.next(from_reg, bt)) {
+      reg = from_reg;
+      assert(from_reg->is_valid(), "must be");
+      if (reg_state[from_reg->value()] == reg_readonly) {
+        found = true;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    if (!found) {
+      // Spilling fields in this inline type arg won't break cycles
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Spill argument to be able to write the source and resolve circular dependencies
+  VMReg spill_reg = spill_reg_for(reg);
+  if (reg_state[spill_reg->value()] == reg_readonly) {
+    // We have already spilled (in previous round). The spilled register should be consumed by this round.
+  } else {
+    bool res = move_helper(reg, spill_reg, T_DOUBLE, reg_state);
+    assert(res, "Spilling should not fail");
+    // Set spill_reg as new source and update state
+    reg = spill_reg;
+    regs_from[from_index].set1(reg);
+    reg_state[reg->value()] = reg_readonly;
+  }
+
+  return false; // Do not spill again in this round
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/asm/macroAssembler_common.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/asm/macroAssembler_common.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b9552601d7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/asm/macroAssembler_common.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_ASM_MACROASSEMBLER_COMMON_HPP
+#define SHARE_ASM_MACROASSEMBLER_COMMON_HPP
+
+// These are part of the MacroAssembler class that are common for all CPUs
+
+// class MacroAssembler ... {
+
+  enum RegState {
+    reg_readonly,
+    reg_writable,
+    reg_written
+  };
+
+  void skip_unpacked_fields(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int& sig_index, VMRegPair* regs_from,
+                            int regs_from_count, int& from_index);
+  bool is_reg_in_unpacked_fields(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int sig_index, VMReg to, VMRegPair* regs_from,
+                                 int regs_from_count, int from_index);
+  RegState* init_reg_state(VMRegPair* regs, int num_regs, int sp_inc, int max_stack);
+  int unpack_inline_args(Compile* C, bool receiver_only);
+  void shuffle_inline_args(bool is_packing, bool receiver_only,
+                           const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig,
+                           int args_passed, int args_on_stack, VMRegPair* regs,
+                           int args_passed_to, int args_on_stack_to, VMRegPair* regs_to,
+                           int sp_inc, Register val_array);
+  bool shuffle_inline_args_spill(bool is_packing, const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int sig_index,
+                                 VMRegPair* regs_from, int from_index, int regs_from_count, RegState* reg_state);
+
+  int store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(ciInlineKlass* vk, bool from_interpreter = true);
+  bool move_helper(VMReg from, VMReg to, BasicType bt, RegState reg_state[]);
+  bool unpack_inline_helper(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int& sig_index,
+                            VMReg from, int& from_index, VMRegPair* to, int to_count, int& to_index,
+                            RegState reg_state[]);
+  bool pack_inline_helper(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int& sig_index, int vtarg_index,
+                          VMRegPair* from, int from_count, int& from_index, VMReg to,
+                          RegState reg_state[], Register val_array);
+  int extend_stack_for_inline_args(int args_on_stack);
+  void remove_frame(int initial_framesize, bool needs_stack_repair);
+  VMReg spill_reg_for(VMReg reg);
+
+// };
+
+#endif // SHARE_ASM_MACROASSEMBLER_COMMON_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Canonicalizer.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Canonicalizer.cpp
index 573e1ac24d7..52e6d496652 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Canonicalizer.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Canonicalizer.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ void Canonicalizer::do_LoadIndexed    (LoadIndexed*     x) {
   assert(array == nullptr || FoldStableValues, "not enabled");
 
   // Constant fold loads from stable arrays.
-  if (!x->mismatched() && array != nullptr && index != nullptr) {
+  if (!x->should_profile() && !x->mismatched() && array != nullptr && index != nullptr) {
     jint idx = index->value();
     if (idx < 0 || idx >= array->value()->length()) {
       // Leave the load as is. The range check will handle it.
@@ -468,11 +468,8 @@ void Canonicalizer::do_CompareOp      (CompareOp*       x) {
 
 
 void Canonicalizer::do_IfOp(IfOp* x) {
-  // Currently, Canonicalizer is only used by GraphBuilder,
-  // and IfOp is not created by GraphBuilder but only later
-  // when eliminating conditional expressions with CE_Eliminator,
-  // so this method will not be called.
-  ShouldNotReachHere();
+  // Currently, Canonicalizer is only used by GraphBuilder, and IfOp is only created by
+  // GraphBuilder when loading/storing flat fields, do nothing for now.
 }
 
 
@@ -649,12 +646,13 @@ void Canonicalizer::do_CheckCast      (CheckCast*       x) {
       // Interface casts can't be statically optimized away since verifier doesn't
       // enforce interface types in bytecode.
       if (!is_interface && klass->is_subtype_of(x->klass())) {
+        assert(!x->klass()->is_inlinetype() || x->klass() == klass, "Inline klasses can't have subtypes");
         set_canonical(obj);
         return;
       }
     }
-    // checkcast of null returns null
-    if (obj->as_Constant() && obj->type()->as_ObjectType()->constant_value()->is_null_object()) {
+    // checkcast of null returns null for non null-free klasses
+    if (obj->is_null_obj()) {
       set_canonical(obj);
     }
   }
@@ -668,7 +666,7 @@ void Canonicalizer::do_InstanceOf     (InstanceOf*      x) {
       return;
     }
     // instanceof null returns false
-    if (obj->as_Constant() && obj->type()->as_ObjectType()->constant_value()->is_null_object()) {
+    if (obj->is_null_obj()) {
       set_constant(0);
     }
   }
@@ -726,7 +724,9 @@ void Canonicalizer::do_If(If* x) {
     return;
   }
 
-  if (lt->is_constant() && rt->is_constant()) {
+  // Simplify further when we have two constants. However, if we have a substitutability check
+  // we must not constant fold as this would loose the substitutability semantics.
+  if (lt->is_constant() && rt->is_constant() && !x->substitutability_check()) {
     if (x->x()->as_Constant() != nullptr) {
       // pattern: If (lc cond rc) => simplify to: Goto
       BlockBegin* sux = x->x()->as_Constant()->compare(x->cond(), x->y(),
@@ -845,8 +845,9 @@ void Canonicalizer::do_UnsafePut      (UnsafePut*       x) {}
 void Canonicalizer::do_UnsafeGetAndSet(UnsafeGetAndSet* x) {}
 void Canonicalizer::do_ProfileCall    (ProfileCall*     x) {}
 void Canonicalizer::do_ProfileReturnType(ProfileReturnType* x) {}
-void Canonicalizer::do_ProfileInvoke  (ProfileInvoke*   x) {}
-void Canonicalizer::do_RuntimeCall    (RuntimeCall*     x) {}
+void Canonicalizer::do_ProfileInvoke    (ProfileInvoke* x) {}
+void Canonicalizer::do_ProfileACmpTypes (ProfileACmpTypes* x) {}
+void Canonicalizer::do_RuntimeCall      (RuntimeCall* x) {}
 void Canonicalizer::do_RangeCheckPredicate(RangeCheckPredicate* x) {}
 #ifdef ASSERT
 void Canonicalizer::do_Assert         (Assert*          x) {}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Canonicalizer.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Canonicalizer.hpp
index dc0b8c8dba7..09fc4055101 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Canonicalizer.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Canonicalizer.hpp
@@ -93,6 +93,7 @@ class Canonicalizer: InstructionVisitor {
   virtual void do_UnsafeGetAndSet(UnsafeGetAndSet* x);
   virtual void do_ProfileCall    (ProfileCall*     x);
   virtual void do_ProfileReturnType (ProfileReturnType*  x);
+  virtual void do_ProfileACmpTypes(ProfileACmpTypes*  x);
   virtual void do_ProfileInvoke  (ProfileInvoke*   x);
   virtual void do_RuntimeCall    (RuntimeCall*     x);
   virtual void do_MemBar         (MemBar*          x);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_CodeStubs.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_CodeStubs.hpp
index c8b29f91bb2..8283f6b104d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_CodeStubs.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_CodeStubs.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -228,6 +228,83 @@ class ImplicitNullCheckStub: public CodeStub {
 };
 
 
+class LoadFlattenedArrayStub: public CodeStub {
+ private:
+  LIR_Opr          _array;
+  LIR_Opr          _index;
+  LIR_Opr          _result;
+  LIR_Opr          _scratch_reg;
+  CodeEmitInfo*    _info;
+
+ public:
+  LoadFlattenedArrayStub(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr index, LIR_Opr result, CodeEmitInfo* info);
+  virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* e);
+  virtual CodeEmitInfo* info() const             { return _info; }
+  virtual void visit(LIR_OpVisitState* visitor) {
+    visitor->do_slow_case(_info);
+    visitor->do_input(_array);
+    visitor->do_input(_index);
+    visitor->do_output(_result);
+    if (_scratch_reg != LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr) {
+      visitor->do_temp(_scratch_reg);
+    }
+  }
+
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+  virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("LoadFlattenedArrayStub"); }
+#endif // PRODUCT
+};
+
+
+class StoreFlattenedArrayStub: public CodeStub {
+ private:
+  LIR_Opr          _array;
+  LIR_Opr          _index;
+  LIR_Opr          _value;
+  LIR_Opr          _scratch_reg;
+  CodeEmitInfo*    _info;
+
+ public:
+  StoreFlattenedArrayStub(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr index, LIR_Opr value, CodeEmitInfo* info);
+  virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* e);
+  virtual CodeEmitInfo* info() const             { return _info; }
+  virtual void visit(LIR_OpVisitState* visitor) {
+    visitor->do_slow_case(_info);
+    visitor->do_input(_array);
+    visitor->do_input(_index);
+    visitor->do_input(_value);
+    if (_scratch_reg != LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr) {
+      visitor->do_temp(_scratch_reg);
+    }
+  }
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+  virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("StoreFlattenedArrayStub"); }
+#endif // PRODUCT
+};
+
+class SubstitutabilityCheckStub: public CodeStub {
+ private:
+  LIR_Opr          _left;
+  LIR_Opr          _right;
+  LIR_Opr          _scratch_reg;
+  CodeEmitInfo*    _info;
+ public:
+  SubstitutabilityCheckStub(LIR_Opr left, LIR_Opr right, CodeEmitInfo* info);
+  virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* e);
+  virtual CodeEmitInfo* info() const             { return _info; }
+  virtual void visit(LIR_OpVisitState* visitor) {
+    visitor->do_slow_case(_info);
+    visitor->do_input(_left);
+    visitor->do_input(_right);
+    if (_scratch_reg != LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr) {
+      visitor->do_temp(_scratch_reg);
+    }
+  }
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+  virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("SubstitutabilityCheckStub"); }
+#endif // PRODUCT
+};
+
 class NewInstanceStub: public CodeStub {
  private:
   ciInstanceKlass* _klass;
@@ -280,9 +357,9 @@ class NewObjectArrayStub: public CodeStub {
   LIR_Opr        _length;
   LIR_Opr        _result;
   CodeEmitInfo*  _info;
-
+  bool           _is_null_free;
  public:
-  NewObjectArrayStub(LIR_Opr klass_reg, LIR_Opr length, LIR_Opr result, CodeEmitInfo* info);
+  NewObjectArrayStub(LIR_Opr klass_reg, LIR_Opr length, LIR_Opr result, CodeEmitInfo* info, bool is_null_free = false);
   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* e);
   virtual CodeEmitInfo* info() const             { return _info; }
   virtual void visit(LIR_OpVisitState* visitor) {
@@ -317,11 +394,19 @@ class MonitorAccessStub: public CodeStub {
 class MonitorEnterStub: public MonitorAccessStub {
  private:
   CodeEmitInfo* _info;
+  CodeStub* _throw_ie_stub;
+  LIR_Opr _scratch_reg;
 
  public:
-  MonitorEnterStub(LIR_Opr obj_reg, LIR_Opr lock_reg, CodeEmitInfo* info)
+  MonitorEnterStub(LIR_Opr obj_reg, LIR_Opr lock_reg, CodeEmitInfo* info,
+                   CodeStub* throw_ie_stub = nullptr, LIR_Opr scratch_reg = LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr)
     : MonitorAccessStub(obj_reg, lock_reg) {
     _info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
+    _scratch_reg = scratch_reg;
+    _throw_ie_stub = throw_ie_stub;
+    if (_throw_ie_stub != nullptr) {
+      assert(_scratch_reg != LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr, "must be");
+    }
     FrameMap* f = Compilation::current()->frame_map();
     f->update_reserved_argument_area_size(2 * BytesPerWord);
   }
@@ -331,6 +416,9 @@ class MonitorEnterStub: public MonitorAccessStub {
   virtual void visit(LIR_OpVisitState* visitor) {
     visitor->do_input(_obj_reg);
     visitor->do_input(_lock_reg);
+    if (_scratch_reg != LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr) {
+      visitor->do_temp(_scratch_reg);
+    }
     visitor->do_slow_case(_info);
   }
 #ifndef PRODUCT
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Compilation.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Compilation.hpp
index 5de201592f9..53f1368d5e9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Compilation.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Compilation.hpp
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "compiler/compilerDefinitions.inline.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compilerDirectives.hpp"
 #include "runtime/deoptimization.hpp"
+#include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 
 class CompilationFailureInfo;
 class CompilationResourceObj;
@@ -252,6 +253,10 @@ class Compilation: public StackObj {
     return env()->comp_level() == CompLevel_full_profile &&
       C1UpdateMethodData && MethodData::profile_return();
   }
+  bool profile_array_accesses() {
+    return env()->comp_level() == CompLevel_full_profile &&
+      C1UpdateMethodData;
+  }
 
   // will compilation make optimistic assumptions that might lead to
   // deoptimization and that the runtime will account for?
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_FrameMap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_FrameMap.cpp
index f42a9f7035b..a97c320bf96 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_FrameMap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_FrameMap.cpp
@@ -186,14 +186,15 @@ FrameMap::FrameMap(ciMethod* method, int monitors, int reserved_argument_area_si
 }
 
 
-bool FrameMap::finalize_frame(int nof_slots) {
+bool FrameMap::finalize_frame(int nof_slots, bool needs_stack_repair) {
   assert(nof_slots >= 0, "must be positive");
   assert(_num_spills == -1, "can only be set once");
   _num_spills = nof_slots;
   assert(_framesize == -1, "should only be calculated once");
   _framesize =  align_up(in_bytes(sp_offset_for_monitor_base(0)) +
                          _num_monitors * (int)sizeof(BasicObjectLock) +
-                         (int)sizeof(intptr_t) +                        // offset of deopt orig pc
+                         (int)sizeof(intptr_t) +                             // offset of deopt orig pc
+                         (needs_stack_repair ? (int)sizeof(intptr_t) : 0) +  // stack increment value
                          frame_pad_in_bytes,
                          StackAlignmentInBytes) / 4;
   int java_index = 0;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_FrameMap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_FrameMap.hpp
index 67ae92e9875..fc8e9a030ff 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_FrameMap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_FrameMap.hpp
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ class FrameMap : public CompilationResourceObj {
   CallingConvention* java_calling_convention(const BasicTypeArray* signature, bool outgoing);
 
   // deopt support
-  ByteSize sp_offset_for_orig_pc() { return sp_offset_for_monitor_base(_num_monitors); }
+  ByteSize sp_offset_for_orig_pc() const { return sp_offset_for_monitor_base(_num_monitors); }
 
   static LIR_Opr as_opr(Register r) {
     return LIR_OprFact::single_cpu(cpu_reg2rnr(r));
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ class FrameMap : public CompilationResourceObj {
   }
 
   FrameMap(ciMethod* method, int monitors, int reserved_argument_area_size);
-  bool finalize_frame(int nof_slots);
+  bool finalize_frame(int nof_slots, bool needs_stack_repair);
 
   int   reserved_argument_area_size () const     { return _reserved_argument_area_size; }
   int   framesize                   () const     { assert(_framesize != -1, "hasn't been calculated"); return _framesize; }
@@ -207,6 +207,9 @@ class FrameMap : public CompilationResourceObj {
   Address address_for_monitor_object(int monitor_index) const {
     return make_new_address(sp_offset_for_monitor_object(monitor_index));
   }
+  Address address_for_orig_pc_addr() const {
+    return make_new_address(sp_offset_for_orig_pc());
+  }
 
   // Creates Location describing desired slot and returns it via pointer
   // to Location object. Returns true if the stack frame offset was legal
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_GraphBuilder.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_GraphBuilder.cpp
index db55b8c5fa8..bb7c10f99df 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_GraphBuilder.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_GraphBuilder.cpp
@@ -26,9 +26,13 @@
 #include "c1/c1_CFGPrinter.hpp"
 #include "c1/c1_Compilation.hpp"
 #include "c1/c1_GraphBuilder.hpp"
+#include "c1/c1_Instruction.hpp"
 #include "c1/c1_InstructionPrinter.hpp"
+#include "c1/c1_ValueType.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciCallSite.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciField.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciFlatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciMemberName.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciSymbols.hpp"
@@ -40,6 +44,7 @@
 #include "interpreter/bytecode.hpp"
 #include "jfr/jfrEvents.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "utilities/checkedCast.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
@@ -1045,9 +1050,20 @@ void GraphBuilder::store_local(ValueStack* state, Value x, int index) {
 }
 
 
+ValueStack* GraphBuilder::state_before_for_indexed_access(BasicType type, int array_idx) {
+  if (type == T_OBJECT && state()->stack_at(array_idx)->maybe_flat_array()) {
+    // Save the entire state and re-execute on deopt when accessing flat arrays
+    ValueStack* state_before = copy_state_before();
+    state_before->set_should_reexecute(true);
+    return state_before;
+  }
+  return copy_state_indexed_access();
+}
+
 void GraphBuilder::load_indexed(BasicType type) {
   // In case of in block code motion in range check elimination
-  ValueStack* state_before = copy_state_indexed_access();
+  int array_idx = state()->stack_size() - 2;
+  ValueStack* state_before = state_before_for_indexed_access(type, array_idx);
   compilation()->set_has_access_indexed(true);
   Value index = ipop();
   Value array = apop();
@@ -1059,13 +1075,71 @@ void GraphBuilder::load_indexed(BasicType type) {
       (array->as_NewMultiArray() && array->as_NewMultiArray()->dims()->at(0)->type()->is_constant())) {
     length = append(new ArrayLength(array, state_before));
   }
-  push(as_ValueType(type), append(new LoadIndexed(array, index, length, type, state_before)));
+
+  bool need_membar = false;
+  LoadIndexed* load_indexed = nullptr;
+  Instruction* result = nullptr;
+  if (array->is_loaded_flat_array()) {
+    ciType* array_type = array->declared_type();
+    ciFlatArrayKlass* array_klass = array_type->as_flat_array_klass();
+    ciInlineKlass* elem_klass = array_klass->element_klass()->as_inline_klass();
+
+    bool can_delay_access = false;
+    ciBytecodeStream s(method());
+    s.force_bci(bci());
+    s.next();
+    if (s.cur_bc() == Bytecodes::_getfield) {
+      bool is_null_free = array_klass->is_elem_null_free();
+      bool will_link;
+      ciField* next_field = s.get_field(will_link);
+      bool next_needs_patching = !next_field->holder()->is_initialized() ||
+                                 !next_field->will_link(method(), Bytecodes::_getfield) ||
+                                 PatchALot;
+      bool needs_atomic_access = array_klass->is_elem_atomic();
+      can_delay_access = is_null_free && C1UseDelayedFlattenedFieldReads &&
+                         !next_needs_patching && !needs_atomic_access;
+    }
+    if (can_delay_access) {
+      // potentially optimizable array access, storing information for delayed decision
+      LoadIndexed* li = new LoadIndexed(array, index, length, type, state_before);
+      DelayedLoadIndexed* dli = new DelayedLoadIndexed(li, state_before);
+      li->set_delayed(dli);
+      set_pending_load_indexed(dli);
+      return; // Nothing else to do for now
+    } else {
+      NewInstance* buffer = new NewInstance(elem_klass, state_before, false, true);
+      buffer->set_null_free(true);
+      _memory->new_instance(buffer);
+      result = append_split(buffer);
+      load_indexed = new LoadIndexed(array, index, length, type, state_before);
+      load_indexed->set_buffer(buffer);
+      // The LoadIndexed node will initialize this instance by copying from
+      // the flat field.  Ensure these stores are visible before any
+      // subsequent store that publishes this reference.
+      need_membar = true;
+    }
+  } else {
+    load_indexed = new LoadIndexed(array, index, length, type, state_before);
+    if (profile_array_accesses() && is_reference_type(type)) {
+      compilation()->set_would_profile(true);
+      load_indexed->set_should_profile(true);
+      load_indexed->set_profiled_method(method());
+      load_indexed->set_profiled_bci(bci());
+    }
+  }
+  result = append(load_indexed);
+  if (need_membar) {
+    append(new MemBar(lir_membar_storestore));
+  }
+  assert(!load_indexed->should_profile() || load_indexed == result, "should not be optimized out");
+  push(as_ValueType(type), result);
 }
 
 
 void GraphBuilder::store_indexed(BasicType type) {
   // In case of in block code motion in range check elimination
-  ValueStack* state_before = copy_state_indexed_access();
+  int array_idx = state()->stack_size() - 3;
+  ValueStack* state_before = state_before_for_indexed_access(type, array_idx);
   compilation()->set_has_access_indexed(true);
   Value value = pop(as_ValueType(type));
   Value index = ipop();
@@ -1090,23 +1164,19 @@ void GraphBuilder::store_indexed(BasicType type) {
   } else if (type == T_BYTE) {
     check_boolean = true;
   }
-  StoreIndexed* result = new StoreIndexed(array, index, length, type, value, state_before, check_boolean);
-  append(result);
-  _memory->store_value(value);
 
-  if (type == T_OBJECT && is_profiling()) {
-    // Note that we'd collect profile data in this method if we wanted it.
+  StoreIndexed* store_indexed = new StoreIndexed(array, index, length, type, value, state_before, check_boolean);
+  if (profile_array_accesses() && is_reference_type(type) && !array->is_loaded_flat_array()) {
     compilation()->set_would_profile(true);
-
-    if (profile_checkcasts()) {
-      result->set_profiled_method(method());
-      result->set_profiled_bci(bci());
-      result->set_should_profile(true);
-    }
+    store_indexed->set_should_profile(true);
+    store_indexed->set_profiled_method(method());
+    store_indexed->set_profiled_bci(bci());
   }
+  Instruction* result = append(store_indexed);
+  assert(!store_indexed->should_profile() || store_indexed == result, "should not be optimized out");
+  _memory->store_value(value);
 }
 
-
 void GraphBuilder::stack_op(Bytecodes::Code code) {
   switch (code) {
     case Bytecodes::_pop:
@@ -1291,9 +1361,36 @@ void GraphBuilder::if_node(Value x, If::Condition cond, Value y, ValueStack* sta
   BlockBegin* tsux = block_at(stream()->get_dest());
   BlockBegin* fsux = block_at(stream()->next_bci());
   bool is_bb = tsux->bci() < stream()->cur_bci() || fsux->bci() < stream()->cur_bci();
+
+  bool subst_check = false;
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled() && (stream()->cur_bc() == Bytecodes::_if_acmpeq || stream()->cur_bc() == Bytecodes::_if_acmpne)) {
+    ValueType* left_vt = x->type();
+    ValueType* right_vt = y->type();
+    if (left_vt->is_object()) {
+      assert(right_vt->is_object(), "must be");
+      ciKlass* left_klass = x->as_loaded_klass_or_null();
+      ciKlass* right_klass = y->as_loaded_klass_or_null();
+
+      if (left_klass == nullptr || right_klass == nullptr) {
+        // The klass is still unloaded, or came from a Phi node. Go slow case;
+        subst_check = true;
+      } else if (left_klass->can_be_inline_klass() || right_klass->can_be_inline_klass()) {
+        // Either operand may be a value object, but we're not sure. Go slow case;
+        subst_check = true;
+      } else {
+        // No need to do substitutability check
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  if ((stream()->cur_bc() == Bytecodes::_if_acmpeq || stream()->cur_bc() == Bytecodes::_if_acmpne) &&
+      is_profiling() && profile_branches()) {
+    compilation()->set_would_profile(true);
+    append(new ProfileACmpTypes(method(), bci(), x, y));
+  }
+
   // In case of loop invariant code motion or predicate insertion
   // before the body of a loop the state is needed
-  Instruction *i = append(new If(x, cond, false, y, tsux, fsux, (is_bb || compilation()->is_optimistic()) ? state_before : nullptr, is_bb));
+  Instruction *i = append(new If(x, cond, false, y, tsux, fsux, (is_bb || compilation()->is_optimistic() || subst_check) ? state_before : nullptr, is_bb, subst_check));
 
   assert(i->as_Goto() == nullptr ||
          (i->as_Goto()->sux_at(0) == tsux  && i->as_Goto()->is_safepoint() == (tsux->bci() < stream()->cur_bci())) ||
@@ -1548,8 +1645,8 @@ void GraphBuilder::method_return(Value x, bool ignore_return) {
 
   // The conditions for a memory barrier are described in Parse::do_exits().
   bool need_mem_bar = false;
-  if (method()->name() == ciSymbols::object_initializer_name() &&
-       (scope()->wrote_final() || scope()->wrote_stable() ||
+  if (method()->is_object_constructor() &&
+       (scope()->wrote_non_strict_final() || scope()->wrote_stable() ||
          (AlwaysSafeConstructors && scope()->wrote_fields()) ||
          (support_IRIW_for_not_multiple_copy_atomic_cpu && scope()->wrote_volatile()))) {
     need_mem_bar = true;
@@ -1699,16 +1796,40 @@ Value GraphBuilder::make_constant(ciConstant field_value, ciField* field) {
   }
 }
 
+void GraphBuilder::copy_inline_content(ciInlineKlass* vk, Value src, int src_off, Value dest, int dest_off, ValueStack* state_before, ciField* enclosing_field) {
+  for (int i = 0; i < vk->nof_declared_nonstatic_fields(); i++) {
+    ciField* field = vk->declared_nonstatic_field_at(i);
+    int offset = field->offset_in_bytes() - vk->payload_offset();
+    if (field->is_flat()) {
+      copy_inline_content(field->type()->as_inline_klass(), src, src_off + offset, dest, dest_off + offset, state_before, enclosing_field);
+      if (!field->is_null_free()) {
+        // Nullable, copy the null marker using Unsafe because null markers are not real fields
+        int null_marker_offset = field->null_marker_offset() - vk->payload_offset();
+        Value offset = append(new Constant(new LongConstant(src_off + null_marker_offset)));
+        Value nm = append(new UnsafeGet(T_BOOLEAN, src, offset, false));
+        offset = append(new Constant(new LongConstant(dest_off + null_marker_offset)));
+        append(new UnsafePut(T_BOOLEAN, dest, offset, nm, false));
+      }
+    } else {
+      Value value = append(new LoadField(src, src_off + offset, field, false, state_before, false));
+      StoreField* store = new StoreField(dest, dest_off + offset, field, value, false, state_before, false);
+      store->set_enclosing_field(enclosing_field);
+      append(store);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 void GraphBuilder::access_field(Bytecodes::Code code) {
   bool will_link;
   ciField* field = stream()->get_field(will_link);
   ciInstanceKlass* holder = field->holder();
-  BasicType field_type = field->type()->basic_type();
-  ValueType* type = as_ValueType(field_type);
+  BasicType field_basic_type = field->type()->basic_type();
+  ValueType* type = as_ValueType(field_basic_type);
+
   // call will_link again to determine if the field is valid.
   const bool needs_patching = !holder->is_loaded() ||
                               !field->will_link(method(), code) ||
-                              PatchALot;
+                              (!field->is_flat() && PatchALot);
 
   ValueStack* state_before = nullptr;
   if (!holder->is_initialized() || needs_patching) {
@@ -1732,15 +1853,15 @@ void GraphBuilder::access_field(Bytecodes::Code code) {
     if (field->is_volatile()) {
       scope()->set_wrote_volatile();
     }
-    if (field->is_final()) {
-      scope()->set_wrote_final();
+    if (field->is_final() && !field->is_strict()) {
+      scope()->set_wrote_non_strict_final();
     }
     if (field->is_stable()) {
       scope()->set_wrote_stable();
     }
   }
 
-  const int offset = !needs_patching ? field->offset_in_bytes() : -1;
+  int offset = !needs_patching ? field->offset_in_bytes() : -1;
   switch (code) {
     case Bytecodes::_getstatic: {
       // check for compile-time constants, i.e., initialized static final fields
@@ -1757,8 +1878,9 @@ void GraphBuilder::access_field(Bytecodes::Code code) {
         if (state_before == nullptr) {
           state_before = copy_state_for_exception();
         }
-        push(type, append(new LoadField(append(obj), offset, field, true,
-                                        state_before, needs_patching)));
+        LoadField* load_field = new LoadField(append(obj), offset, field, true,
+                                        state_before, needs_patching);
+        push(type, append(load_field));
       }
       break;
     }
@@ -1767,30 +1889,46 @@ void GraphBuilder::access_field(Bytecodes::Code code) {
       if (state_before == nullptr) {
         state_before = copy_state_for_exception();
       }
-      if (field->type()->basic_type() == T_BOOLEAN) {
+      if (field_basic_type == T_BOOLEAN) {
         Value mask = append(new Constant(new IntConstant(1)));
         val = append(new LogicOp(Bytecodes::_iand, val, mask));
       }
+      if (field->is_null_free()) {
+        null_check(val);
+
+        ciType* field_type = field->type();
+        if (field_type->is_loaded() && field->empty_null_free_initialized_value_field(!method()->is_class_initializer())) {
+          // Storing to an empty, null-free inline type field that is already initialized. Ignore.
+          break;
+        }
+      }
       append(new StoreField(append(obj), offset, field, val, true, state_before, needs_patching));
       break;
     }
     case Bytecodes::_getfield: {
       // Check for compile-time constants, i.e., trusted final non-static fields.
       Value constant = nullptr;
-      obj = apop();
-      ObjectType* obj_type = obj->type()->as_ObjectType();
-      if (field->is_constant() && obj_type->is_constant() && !PatchALot) {
-        ciObject* const_oop = obj_type->constant_value();
-        if (!const_oop->is_null_object() && const_oop->is_loaded()) {
-          ciConstant field_value = field->constant_value_of(const_oop);
-          if (field_value.is_valid()) {
-            constant = make_constant(field_value, field);
-            // For CallSite objects add a dependency for invalidation of the optimization.
-            if (field->is_call_site_target()) {
-              ciCallSite* call_site = const_oop->as_call_site();
-              if (!call_site->is_fully_initialized_constant_call_site()) {
-                ciMethodHandle* target = field_value.as_object()->as_method_handle();
-                dependency_recorder()->assert_call_site_target_value(call_site, target);
+      if (state_before == nullptr && field->is_flat()) {
+        // Save the entire state and re-execute on deopt when accessing flat fields
+        assert(Interpreter::bytecode_should_reexecute(code), "should reexecute");
+        state_before = copy_state_before();
+      }
+      if (!has_pending_field_access() && !has_pending_load_indexed()) {
+        obj = apop();
+        ObjectType* obj_type = obj->type()->as_ObjectType();
+        if (field->is_constant() && !field->is_flat() && obj_type->is_constant() && !PatchALot) {
+          ciObject* const_oop = obj_type->constant_value();
+          if (!const_oop->is_null_object() && const_oop->is_loaded()) {
+            ciConstant field_value = field->constant_value_of(const_oop);
+            if (field_value.is_valid()) {
+              constant = make_constant(field_value, field);
+              // For CallSite objects add a dependency for invalidation of the optimization.
+              if (field->is_call_site_target()) {
+                ciCallSite* call_site = const_oop->as_call_site();
+                if (!call_site->is_fully_initialized_constant_call_site()) {
+                  ciMethodHandle* target = field_value.as_object()->as_method_handle();
+                  dependency_recorder()->assert_call_site_target_value(call_site, target);
+                }
               }
             }
           }
@@ -1802,30 +1940,146 @@ void GraphBuilder::access_field(Bytecodes::Code code) {
         if (state_before == nullptr) {
           state_before = copy_state_for_exception();
         }
-        LoadField* load = new LoadField(obj, offset, field, false, state_before, needs_patching);
-        Value replacement = !needs_patching ? _memory->load(load) : load;
-        if (replacement != load) {
-          assert(replacement->is_linked() || !replacement->can_be_linked(), "should already by linked");
-          // Writing an (integer) value to a boolean, byte, char or short field includes an implicit narrowing
-          // conversion. Emit an explicit conversion here to get the correct field value after the write.
-          BasicType bt = field->type()->basic_type();
-          switch (bt) {
-          case T_BOOLEAN:
-          case T_BYTE:
-            replacement = append(new Convert(Bytecodes::_i2b, replacement, as_ValueType(bt)));
-            break;
-          case T_CHAR:
-            replacement = append(new Convert(Bytecodes::_i2c, replacement, as_ValueType(bt)));
-            break;
-          case T_SHORT:
-            replacement = append(new Convert(Bytecodes::_i2s, replacement, as_ValueType(bt)));
-            break;
-          default:
+        if (!field->is_flat()) {
+          if (has_pending_field_access()) {
+            assert(!needs_patching, "Can't patch delayed field access");
+            obj = pending_field_access()->obj();
+            offset += pending_field_access()->offset() - field->holder()->as_inline_klass()->payload_offset();
+            field = pending_field_access()->holder()->get_field_by_offset(offset, false);
+            assert(field != nullptr, "field not found");
+            set_pending_field_access(nullptr);
+          } else if (has_pending_load_indexed()) {
+            assert(!needs_patching, "Can't patch delayed field access");
+            pending_load_indexed()->update(field, offset - field->holder()->as_inline_klass()->payload_offset());
+            LoadIndexed* li = pending_load_indexed()->load_instr();
+            li->set_type(type);
+            push(type, append(li));
+            set_pending_load_indexed(nullptr);
             break;
           }
-          push(type, replacement);
+          LoadField* load = new LoadField(obj, offset, field, false, state_before, needs_patching);
+          Value replacement = !needs_patching ? _memory->load(load) : load;
+          if (replacement != load) {
+            assert(replacement->is_linked() || !replacement->can_be_linked(), "should already be linked");
+            // Writing an (integer) value to a boolean, byte, char or short field includes an implicit narrowing
+            // conversion. Emit an explicit conversion here to get the correct field value after the write.
+            switch (field_basic_type) {
+            case T_BOOLEAN:
+            case T_BYTE:
+              replacement = append(new Convert(Bytecodes::_i2b, replacement, type));
+              break;
+            case T_CHAR:
+              replacement = append(new Convert(Bytecodes::_i2c, replacement, type));
+              break;
+            case T_SHORT:
+              replacement = append(new Convert(Bytecodes::_i2s, replacement, type));
+              break;
+            default:
+              break;
+            }
+            push(type, replacement);
+          } else {
+            push(type, append(load));
+          }
         } else {
-          push(type, append(load));
+          // Flat field
+          assert(!needs_patching, "Can't patch flat inline type field access");
+          ciInlineKlass* inline_klass = field->type()->as_inline_klass();
+          if (field->is_atomic()) {
+            assert(!has_pending_field_access(), "Pending field accesses are not supported");
+            LoadField* load = new LoadField(obj, offset, field, false, state_before, needs_patching);
+            push(type, append(load));
+          } else {
+            // Look at the next bytecode to check if we can delay the field access
+            bool can_delay_access = false;
+            if (field->is_null_free()) {
+              ciBytecodeStream s(method());
+              s.force_bci(bci());
+              s.next();
+              if (s.cur_bc() == Bytecodes::_getfield && !needs_patching) {
+                ciField* next_field = s.get_field(will_link);
+                bool next_needs_patching = !next_field->holder()->is_loaded() ||
+                                          !next_field->will_link(method(), Bytecodes::_getfield) ||
+                                          PatchALot;
+                // We can't update the offset for atomic accesses
+                bool next_needs_atomic_access = next_field->is_flat() && next_field->is_atomic();
+                can_delay_access = C1UseDelayedFlattenedFieldReads && !next_needs_patching && !next_needs_atomic_access && next_field->is_null_free();
+              }
+            }
+
+            if (can_delay_access) {
+              // Flat fields contain the nested value's payload but not its object header,
+              // so accumulate the field offset relative to the holder's payload.
+              if (has_pending_load_indexed()) {
+                pending_load_indexed()->update(field, offset - field->holder()->as_inline_klass()->payload_offset());
+              } else if (has_pending_field_access()) {
+                pending_field_access()->inc_offset(offset - field->holder()->as_inline_klass()->payload_offset());
+              } else {
+                null_check(obj);
+                DelayedFieldAccess* dfa = new DelayedFieldAccess(obj, field->holder(), field->offset_in_bytes(), state_before);
+                set_pending_field_access(dfa);
+              }
+            } else {
+              if (!field->is_strict()) {
+                scope()->set_wrote_non_strict_final();
+              }
+              scope()->set_wrote_fields();
+              if (has_pending_load_indexed()) {
+                assert(field->is_null_free(), "nullable fields do not support delayed accesses yet");
+                assert(!needs_patching, "Can't patch delayed field access");
+                pending_load_indexed()->update(field, offset - field->holder()->as_inline_klass()->payload_offset());
+                NewInstance* buffer = new NewInstance(inline_klass, pending_load_indexed()->state_before(), false, true);
+                buffer->set_null_free(true);
+                _memory->new_instance(buffer);
+                pending_load_indexed()->load_instr()->set_buffer(buffer);
+                apush(append_split(buffer));
+                append(pending_load_indexed()->load_instr());
+                set_pending_load_indexed(nullptr);
+              } else if (has_pending_field_access()) {
+                assert(field->is_null_free(), "nullable fields do not support delayed accesses yet");
+                state_before = pending_field_access()->state_before();
+                NewInstance* buffer = new NewInstance(inline_klass, state_before, false, true);
+                _memory->new_instance(buffer);
+                apush(append_split(buffer));
+                copy_inline_content(inline_klass, pending_field_access()->obj(),
+                                    pending_field_access()->offset() + field->offset_in_bytes() - field->holder()->as_inline_klass()->payload_offset(),
+                                    buffer, inline_klass->payload_offset(), state_before);
+                set_pending_field_access(nullptr);
+              } else {
+                if (!field->is_null_free() && !inline_klass->is_initialized()) {
+                  // Cannot allocate an instance of inline_klass because it may have not been
+                  // initialized, bailout for now
+                  bailout("load from an uninitialized nullable non-atomic flat field");
+                  return;
+                }
+
+                NewInstance* buffer = new NewInstance(inline_klass, state_before, false, true);
+                _memory->new_instance(buffer);
+                append_split(buffer);
+
+                if (inline_klass->is_initialized() && inline_klass->is_empty()) {
+                  // Needs an explicit null check because below code does not perform any actual load if there are no fields
+                  null_check(obj);
+                }
+                copy_inline_content(inline_klass, obj, field->offset_in_bytes(), buffer, inline_klass->payload_offset(), state_before);
+
+                Instruction* result = buffer;
+                if (!field->is_null_free()) {
+                  Value int_zero = append(new Constant(intZero));
+                  Value object_null = append(new Constant(objectNull));
+                  Value nm_offset = append(new Constant(new LongConstant(offset + inline_klass->null_marker_offset_in_payload())));
+                  Value nm = append(new UnsafeGet(T_BOOLEAN, obj, nm_offset, false));
+                  result = append(new IfOp(nm, Instruction::neq, int_zero, buffer, object_null, state_before, false));
+                }
+                apush(result);
+              }
+
+              // If we allocated a new instance ensure the stores to copy the
+              // field contents are visible before any subsequent store that
+              // publishes this reference.
+              append(new MemBar(lir_membar_storestore));
+            }
+          }
         }
       }
       break;
@@ -1836,14 +2090,57 @@ void GraphBuilder::access_field(Bytecodes::Code code) {
       if (state_before == nullptr) {
         state_before = copy_state_for_exception();
       }
-      if (field->type()->basic_type() == T_BOOLEAN) {
+      if (field_basic_type == T_BOOLEAN) {
         Value mask = append(new Constant(new IntConstant(1)));
         val = append(new LogicOp(Bytecodes::_iand, val, mask));
       }
-      StoreField* store = new StoreField(obj, offset, field, val, false, state_before, needs_patching);
-      if (!needs_patching) store = _memory->store(store);
-      if (store != nullptr) {
-        append(store);
+
+      ciType* field_type = field->type();
+      if (field_type->is_loaded() && field->empty_null_free_initialized_value_field(!method()->is_object_constructor())) {
+        // Storing to an empty, null-free inline type field that is already initialized. Ignore.
+        null_check(obj);
+        null_check(val);
+      } else if (!field->is_flat()) {
+        if (field->is_null_free()) {
+          null_check(val);
+        }
+        StoreField* store = new StoreField(obj, offset, field, val, false, state_before, needs_patching);
+        if (!needs_patching) store = _memory->store(store);
+        if (store != nullptr) {
+          append(store);
+        }
+      } else {
+        // Flat field
+        assert(!needs_patching, "Can't patch flat inline type field access");
+        ciInlineKlass* inline_klass = field_type->as_inline_klass();
+        if (field->is_atomic()) {
+          if (field->is_null_free()) {
+            null_check(val);
+          }
+          append(new StoreField(obj, offset, field, val, false, state_before, needs_patching));
+        } else if (field->is_null_free()) {
+          assert(!inline_klass->is_empty(), "should have been handled");
+          copy_inline_content(inline_klass, val, inline_klass->payload_offset(), obj, offset, state_before, field);
+        } else {
+          if (!inline_klass->is_initialized()) {
+            // null_reset_value is not available, bailout for now
+            bailout("store to an uninitialized nullable non-atomic flat field");
+            return;
+          }
+
+          // Store the subfields when field is a nullable non-atomic field
+          Value object_null = append(new Constant(objectNull));
+          Value null_reset_value = append(new Constant(new ObjectConstant(inline_klass->get_null_reset_value().as_object())));
+          Value src = append(new IfOp(val, Instruction::neq, object_null, val, null_reset_value, state_before, false));
+          copy_inline_content(inline_klass, src, inline_klass->payload_offset(), obj, offset, state_before);
+
+          // Store the null marker
+          Value int_one = append(new Constant(new IntConstant(1)));
+          Value int_zero = append(new Constant(intZero));
+          Value nm = append(new IfOp(val, Instruction::neq, object_null, int_one, int_zero, state_before, false));
+          Value nm_offset = append(new Constant(new LongConstant(offset + inline_klass->null_marker_offset_in_payload())));
+          append(new UnsafePut(T_BOOLEAN, obj, nm_offset, nm, false));
+        }
       }
       break;
     }
@@ -1853,7 +2150,6 @@ void GraphBuilder::access_field(Bytecodes::Code code) {
   }
 }
 
-
 Dependencies* GraphBuilder::dependency_recorder() const {
   return compilation()->dependency_recorder();
 }
@@ -1969,7 +2265,7 @@ void GraphBuilder::invoke(Bytecodes::Code code) {
 
     if (bc_raw == Bytecodes::_invokeinterface) {
       receiver_constraint = holder;
-    } else if (bc_raw == Bytecodes::_invokespecial && !target->is_object_initializer() && calling_klass->is_interface()) {
+    } else if (bc_raw == Bytecodes::_invokespecial && !target->is_object_constructor() && calling_klass->is_interface()) {
       receiver_constraint = calling_klass;
     }
 
@@ -2159,7 +2455,7 @@ void GraphBuilder::invoke(Bytecodes::Code code) {
   CHECK_BAILOUT();
 
   // inlining not successful => standard invoke
-  ValueType* result_type = as_ValueType(declared_signature->return_type());
+  ciType* return_type = declared_signature->return_type();
   ValueStack* state_before = copy_state_exhandling();
 
   // The bytecode (code) might change in this method so we are checking this very late.
@@ -2208,14 +2504,15 @@ void GraphBuilder::invoke(Bytecodes::Code code) {
     }
   }
 
-  Invoke* result = new Invoke(code, result_type, recv, args, target, state_before);
+  Invoke* result = new Invoke(code, return_type, recv, args, target, state_before);
   // push result
   append_split(result);
 
-  if (result_type != voidType) {
-    push(result_type, result);
+  if (!return_type->is_void()) {
+    push(as_ValueType(return_type), result);
   }
-  if (profile_return() && result_type->is_object_kind()) {
+
+  if (profile_return() && return_type->is_object()) {
     profile_return_type(result, target);
   }
 }
@@ -2225,12 +2522,11 @@ void GraphBuilder::new_instance(int klass_index) {
   ValueStack* state_before = copy_state_exhandling();
   ciKlass* klass = stream()->get_klass();
   assert(klass->is_instance_klass(), "must be an instance klass");
-  NewInstance* new_instance = new NewInstance(klass->as_instance_klass(), state_before, stream()->is_unresolved_klass());
+  NewInstance* new_instance = new NewInstance(klass->as_instance_klass(), state_before, stream()->is_unresolved_klass(), false);
   _memory->new_instance(new_instance);
   apush(append_split(new_instance));
 }
 
-
 void GraphBuilder::new_type_array() {
   ValueStack* state_before = copy_state_exhandling();
   apush(append_split(new NewTypeArray(ipop(), (BasicType)stream()->get_index(), state_before, true)));
@@ -2303,9 +2599,28 @@ void GraphBuilder::instance_of(int klass_index) {
 
 
 void GraphBuilder::monitorenter(Value x, int bci) {
+  bool maybe_inlinetype = false;
+  if (bci == InvocationEntryBci) {
+    // Called by GraphBuilder::inline_sync_entry.
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    ciType* obj_type = x->declared_type();
+    assert(obj_type == nullptr || !obj_type->is_inlinetype(), "inline types cannot have synchronized methods");
+#endif
+  } else {
+    // We are compiling a monitorenter bytecode
+    if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+      ciType* obj_type = x->declared_type();
+      if (obj_type == nullptr || obj_type->can_be_inline_klass()) {
+        // If we're (possibly) locking on an inline type, check for markWord::always_locked_pattern
+        // and throw IMSE. (obj_type is null for Phi nodes, so let's just be conservative).
+        maybe_inlinetype = true;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   // save state before locking in case of deoptimization after a NullPointerException
   ValueStack* state_before = copy_state_for_exception_with_bci(bci);
-  append_with_bci(new MonitorEnter(x, state()->lock(x), state_before), bci);
+  append_with_bci(new MonitorEnter(x, state()->lock(x), state_before, maybe_inlinetype), bci);
   kill_all();
 }
 
@@ -2430,6 +2745,7 @@ void GraphBuilder::null_check(Value value) {
         }
       }
     }
+    if (value->is_null_free()) return;
   }
   append(new NullCheck(value, copy_state_for_exception()));
 }
@@ -2455,7 +2771,9 @@ XHandlers* GraphBuilder::handle_exception(Instruction* instruction) {
   do {
     int cur_bci = cur_state->bci();
     assert(cur_scope_data->scope() == cur_state->scope(), "scopes do not match");
-    assert(cur_bci == SynchronizationEntryBCI || cur_bci == cur_scope_data->stream()->cur_bci(), "invalid bci");
+    assert(cur_bci == SynchronizationEntryBCI || cur_bci == cur_scope_data->stream()->cur_bci()
+           || has_pending_field_access() || has_pending_load_indexed(), "invalid bci");
+
 
     // join with all potential exception handlers
     XHandlers* list = cur_scope_data->xhandlers();
@@ -3269,6 +3587,8 @@ GraphBuilder::GraphBuilder(Compilation* compilation, IRScope* scope)
   , _inline_bailout_msg(nullptr)
   , _instruction_count(0)
   , _osr_entry(nullptr)
+  , _pending_field_access(nullptr)
+  , _pending_load_indexed(nullptr)
 {
   int osr_bci = compilation->osr_bci();
 
@@ -4021,6 +4341,34 @@ bool GraphBuilder::try_inline_full(ciMethod* callee, bool holder_known, bool ign
   caller_state->truncate_stack(args_base);
   assert(callee_state->stack_size() == 0, "callee stack must be empty");
 
+  // Check if we need a membar at the beginning of the java.lang.Object
+  // constructor to satisfy the memory model for strict fields.
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled() && method()->intrinsic_id() == vmIntrinsics::_Object_init) {
+    Value receiver = state()->local_at(0);
+    ciType* klass = receiver->exact_type();
+    if (klass == nullptr) {
+      // No exact type, check if the declared type has no implementors and add a dependency
+      klass = receiver->declared_type();
+      klass = compilation()->cha_exact_type(klass);
+    }
+    if (klass != nullptr && klass->is_instance_klass()) {
+      // Exact receiver type, check if there is a strict field
+      ciInstanceKlass* holder = klass->as_instance_klass();
+      for (int i = 0; i < holder->nof_nonstatic_fields(); i++) {
+        ciField* field = holder->nonstatic_field_at(i);
+        if (field->is_strict()) {
+          // Found a strict field, a membar is needed
+          append(new MemBar(lir_membar_storestore));
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+    } else if (klass == nullptr) {
+      // We can't statically determine the type of the receiver and therefore need
+      // to put a membar here because it could have a strict field.
+      append(new MemBar(lir_membar_storestore));
+    }
+  }
+
   Value lock = nullptr;
   BlockBegin* sync_handler = nullptr;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_GraphBuilder.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_GraphBuilder.hpp
index 81983829ccb..2a851790501 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_GraphBuilder.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_GraphBuilder.hpp
@@ -35,6 +35,24 @@
 
 class MemoryBuffer;
 
+class DelayedFieldAccess : public CompilationResourceObj {
+private:
+  Value            _obj;
+  ciInstanceKlass* _holder;
+  int              _offset;
+  ValueStack*      _state_before;
+
+public:
+  DelayedFieldAccess(Value obj, ciInstanceKlass* holder, int offset, ValueStack* state_before)
+  : _obj(obj), _holder(holder) , _offset(offset), _state_before(state_before) { }
+
+  Value obj() const { return _obj; }
+  ciInstanceKlass* holder() const { return _holder; }
+  int offset() const { return _offset; }
+  void inc_offset(int offset) { _offset += offset; }
+  ValueStack* state_before() const { return _state_before; }
+};
+
 class GraphBuilder {
   friend class JfrResolution;
  private:
@@ -192,6 +210,10 @@ class GraphBuilder {
   Instruction*      _last;                       // the last instruction added
   bool              _skip_block;                 // skip processing of the rest of this block
 
+  // support for optimization of accesses to flat fields and flat arrays
+  DelayedFieldAccess* _pending_field_access;
+  DelayedLoadIndexed* _pending_load_indexed;
+
   // accessors
   ScopeData*        scope_data() const           { return _scope_data; }
   Compilation*      compilation() const          { return _compilation; }
@@ -209,6 +231,12 @@ class GraphBuilder {
   Bytecodes::Code   code() const                 { return stream()->cur_bc(); }
   int               bci() const                  { return stream()->cur_bci(); }
   int               next_bci() const             { return stream()->next_bci(); }
+  bool              has_pending_field_access()   { return _pending_field_access != nullptr; }
+  DelayedFieldAccess* pending_field_access()     { return _pending_field_access; }
+  void              set_pending_field_access(DelayedFieldAccess* delayed) { _pending_field_access = delayed; }
+  bool              has_pending_load_indexed()   { return _pending_load_indexed != nullptr; }
+  DelayedLoadIndexed* pending_load_indexed()     { return _pending_load_indexed; }
+  void              set_pending_load_indexed(DelayedLoadIndexed* delayed) { _pending_load_indexed = delayed; }
 
   // unified bailout support
   void bailout(const char* msg) const            { compilation()->bailout(msg); }
@@ -234,6 +262,9 @@ class GraphBuilder {
   void load_local(ValueType* type, int index);
   void store_local(ValueType* type, int index);
   void store_local(ValueStack* state, Value value, int index);
+
+  ValueStack* state_before_for_indexed_access(BasicType type, int array_idx);
+
   void load_indexed (BasicType type);
   void store_indexed(BasicType type);
   void stack_op(Bytecodes::Code code);
@@ -267,6 +298,9 @@ class GraphBuilder {
   void new_multi_array(int dimensions);
   void throw_op(int bci);
 
+  // inline types
+  void copy_inline_content(ciInlineKlass* vk, Value src, int src_off, Value dest, int dest_off, ValueStack* state_before, ciField* enclosing_field = nullptr);
+
   // stack/code manipulation helpers
   Instruction* append_with_bci(Instruction* instr, int bci);
   Instruction* append(Instruction* instr);
@@ -395,6 +429,7 @@ class GraphBuilder {
   bool profile_parameters()    { return _compilation->profile_parameters();    }
   bool profile_arguments()     { return _compilation->profile_arguments();     }
   bool profile_return()        { return _compilation->profile_return();        }
+  bool profile_array_accesses(){ return _compilation->profile_array_accesses();}
 
   Values* args_list_for_profiling(ciMethod* target, int& start, bool may_have_receiver);
   Values* collect_args_for_profiling(Values* args, ciMethod* target, bool may_have_receiver);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_IR.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_IR.cpp
index 238a9bdda0d..e3ff62f66e3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_IR.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_IR.cpp
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ IRScope::IRScope(Compilation* compilation, IRScope* caller, int caller_bci, ciMe
   _xhandlers          = new XHandlers(method);
   _number_of_locks    = 0;
   _monitor_pairing_ok = method->has_balanced_monitors();
-  _wrote_final        = false;
+  _wrote_non_strict_final = false;
   _wrote_fields       = false;
   _wrote_volatile     = false;
   _wrote_stable       = false;
@@ -171,6 +171,9 @@ int IRScope::max_stack() const {
 
 
 bool IRScopeDebugInfo::should_reexecute() {
+  if (_should_reexecute) {
+    return true;
+  }
   ciMethod* cur_method = scope()->method();
   int       cur_bci    = bci();
   if (cur_method != nullptr && cur_bci != SynchronizationEntryBCI) {
@@ -212,11 +215,11 @@ CodeEmitInfo::CodeEmitInfo(CodeEmitInfo* info, ValueStack* stack)
 }
 
 
-void CodeEmitInfo::record_debug_info(DebugInformationRecorder* recorder, int pc_offset) {
+void CodeEmitInfo::record_debug_info(DebugInformationRecorder* recorder, int pc_offset, bool maybe_return_as_fields) {
   // record the safepoint before recording the debug info for enclosing scopes
   recorder->add_safepoint(pc_offset, _oop_map->deep_copy());
   bool reexecute = _force_reexecute || _scope_debug_info->should_reexecute();
-  _scope_debug_info->record_debug_info(recorder, pc_offset, reexecute);
+  _scope_debug_info->record_debug_info(recorder, pc_offset, reexecute, maybe_return_as_fields);
   recorder->end_safepoint(pc_offset);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_IR.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_IR.hpp
index d6a4cddb9d7..74396129f91 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_IR.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_IR.hpp
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ class IRScope: public CompilationResourceObj {
   XHandlers*    _xhandlers;                      // the exception handlers
   int           _number_of_locks;                // the number of monitor lock slots needed
   bool          _monitor_pairing_ok;             // the monitor pairing info
-  bool          _wrote_final;                    // has written final field
+  bool          _wrote_non_strict_final;         // has written non-strict final field
   bool          _wrote_fields;                   // has written fields
   bool          _wrote_volatile;                 // has written volatile field
   bool          _wrote_stable;                   // has written @Stable field
@@ -181,8 +181,8 @@ class IRScope: public CompilationResourceObj {
   void          set_min_number_of_locks(int n)   { if (n > _number_of_locks) _number_of_locks = n; }
   bool          monitor_pairing_ok() const       { return _monitor_pairing_ok; }
   BlockBegin*   start() const                    { return _start; }
-  void          set_wrote_final()                { _wrote_final = true; }
-  bool          wrote_final    () const          { return _wrote_final; }
+  void          set_wrote_non_strict_final()     { _wrote_non_strict_final = true; }
+  bool          wrote_non_strict_final() const   { return _wrote_non_strict_final; }
   void          set_wrote_fields()               { _wrote_fields = true; }
   bool          wrote_fields    () const         { return _wrote_fields; }
   void          set_wrote_volatile()             { _wrote_volatile = true; }
@@ -208,6 +208,7 @@ class IRScopeDebugInfo: public CompilationResourceObj {
   GrowableArray<ScopeValue*>*   _expressions;
   GrowableArray<MonitorValue*>* _monitors;
   IRScopeDebugInfo*             _caller;
+  bool                          _should_reexecute;
 
  public:
   IRScopeDebugInfo(IRScope*                      scope,
@@ -215,13 +216,15 @@ class IRScopeDebugInfo: public CompilationResourceObj {
                    GrowableArray<ScopeValue*>*   locals,
                    GrowableArray<ScopeValue*>*   expressions,
                    GrowableArray<MonitorValue*>* monitors,
-                   IRScopeDebugInfo*             caller):
+                   IRScopeDebugInfo*             caller,
+                   bool                          should_reexecute):
       _scope(scope)
     , _bci(bci)
     , _locals(locals)
     , _expressions(expressions)
     , _monitors(monitors)
-    , _caller(caller) {}
+    , _caller(caller)
+    , _should_reexecute(should_reexecute) {}
 
 
   IRScope*                      scope()       { return _scope;       }
@@ -234,7 +237,7 @@ class IRScopeDebugInfo: public CompilationResourceObj {
   //Whether we should reexecute this bytecode for deopt
   bool should_reexecute();
 
-  void record_debug_info(DebugInformationRecorder* recorder, int pc_offset, bool reexecute) {
+  void record_debug_info(DebugInformationRecorder* recorder, int pc_offset, bool reexecute, bool maybe_return_as_fields = false) {
     if (caller() != nullptr) {
       // Order is significant:  Must record caller first.
       caller()->record_debug_info(recorder, pc_offset, false/*reexecute*/);
@@ -243,12 +246,17 @@ class IRScopeDebugInfo: public CompilationResourceObj {
     DebugToken* expvals = recorder->create_scope_values(expressions());
     DebugToken* monvals = recorder->create_monitor_values(monitors());
     // reexecute allowed only for the topmost frame
-    bool return_oop = false; // This flag will be ignored since it used only for C2 with escape analysis.
+    bool return_oop = false;
+    bool return_scalarized = false;
+    if (maybe_return_as_fields) {
+      return_oop = true;
+      return_scalarized = true;
+    }
     bool rethrow_exception = false;
     bool has_ea_local_in_scope = false;
     bool arg_escape = false;
     recorder->describe_scope(pc_offset, methodHandle(), scope()->method(), bci(),
-                             reexecute, rethrow_exception, return_oop,
+                             reexecute, rethrow_exception, return_oop, return_scalarized,
                              has_ea_local_in_scope, arg_escape, locvals, expvals, monvals);
   }
 };
@@ -285,7 +293,7 @@ class CodeEmitInfo: public CompilationResourceObj {
   bool deoptimize_on_exception() const           { return _deoptimize_on_exception; }
 
   void add_register_oop(LIR_Opr opr);
-  void record_debug_info(DebugInformationRecorder* recorder, int pc_offset);
+  void record_debug_info(DebugInformationRecorder* recorder, int pc_offset, bool maybe_return_as_fields = false);
 
   bool     force_reexecute() const         { return _force_reexecute;             }
   void     set_force_reexecute()           { _force_reexecute = true;             }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Instruction.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Instruction.cpp
index 3a7edef0088..50b99e313a4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Instruction.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Instruction.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@
 #include "c1/c1_InstructionPrinter.hpp"
 #include "c1/c1_IR.hpp"
 #include "c1/c1_ValueStack.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciFlatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciTypeArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "utilities/bitMap.inline.hpp"
@@ -105,13 +107,77 @@ void Instruction::state_values_do(ValueVisitor* f) {
 }
 
 ciType* Instruction::exact_type() const {
-  ciType* t =  declared_type();
+  ciType* t = declared_type();
   if (t != nullptr && t->is_klass()) {
     return t->as_klass()->exact_klass();
   }
   return nullptr;
 }
 
+ciKlass* Instruction::as_loaded_klass_or_null() const {
+  ciType* type = declared_type();
+  if (type != nullptr && type->is_klass()) {
+    ciKlass* klass = type->as_klass();
+    if (klass->is_loaded()) {
+      return klass;
+    }
+  }
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+bool Instruction::is_loaded_flat_array() const {
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+    ciType* type = declared_type();
+    return type != nullptr && type->is_flat_array_klass();
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+bool Instruction::maybe_flat_array() const {
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+    ciType* type = declared_type();
+    if (type != nullptr) {
+      if (type->is_ref_array_klass()) {
+        return false;
+      } else if (type->is_flat_array_klass()) {
+        return true;
+      } else if (type->is_obj_array_klass()) {
+        // This is the unrefined array type
+        ciKlass* element_klass = type->as_obj_array_klass()->element_klass();
+        if (element_klass->can_be_inline_klass() && (!element_klass->is_inlinetype() || element_klass->as_inline_klass()->maybe_flat_in_array())) {
+          return true;
+        }
+      } else if (type->is_klass() && type->as_klass()->is_java_lang_Object()) {
+        // This can happen as a parameter to System.arraycopy()
+        return true;
+      }
+    } else {
+      // Type info gets lost during Phi merging (Phi, IfOp, etc), but we might be storing into a
+      // flat array, so we should do a runtime check.
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+bool Instruction::maybe_null_free_array() const {
+  ciType* type = declared_type();
+  if (type != nullptr) {
+    if (type->is_loaded() && type->is_array_klass() && type->as_array_klass()->is_refined()) {
+      return type->as_array_klass()->is_elem_null_free();
+    } else if (type->is_obj_array_klass()) {
+      // Due to array covariance, the runtime type might be a null-free array.
+      if (type->as_obj_array_klass()->can_be_inline_array_klass()) {
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    // Type info gets lost during Phi merging (Phi, IfOp, etc), but we might be storing into a
+    // null-free array, so we should do a runtime check.
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
 
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 void Instruction::check_state(ValueStack* state) {
@@ -172,7 +238,9 @@ ciType* Constant::exact_type() const {
 
 ciType* LoadIndexed::exact_type() const {
   ciType* array_type = array()->exact_type();
-  if (array_type != nullptr) {
+  // A delayed load produces a field within the array element. Let
+  // Instruction::exact_type() below derive its type from declared_type().
+  if (delayed() == nullptr && array_type != nullptr) {
     assert(array_type->is_array_klass(), "what else?");
     ciArrayKlass* ak = (ciArrayKlass*)array_type;
 
@@ -186,8 +254,12 @@ ciType* LoadIndexed::exact_type() const {
   return Instruction::exact_type();
 }
 
-
 ciType* LoadIndexed::declared_type() const {
+  if (delayed() != nullptr) {
+    // The LoadIndexed is fused with one or more following getfield bytecodes
+    // and produces the final field value instead of the array element.
+    return delayed()->field()->type();
+  }
   ciType* array_type = array()->declared_type();
   if (array_type == nullptr || !array_type->is_loaded()) {
     return nullptr;
@@ -197,6 +269,22 @@ ciType* LoadIndexed::declared_type() const {
   return ak->element_type();
 }
 
+bool StoreIndexed::is_exact_flat_array_store() const {
+  if (array()->is_loaded_flat_array() && value()->as_Constant() == nullptr && value()->declared_type() != nullptr) {
+    ciKlass* element_klass = array()->declared_type()->as_flat_array_klass()->element_klass();
+    ciKlass* actual_klass = value()->declared_type()->as_klass();
+
+    // Inlining can expose more specific types than the callee's signature. In
+    // this example, element_klass is MyValue1 and actual_klass is MyValue2, so
+    // the array store check must be kept:
+    //     void test45_inline(Object[] oa, Object o, int index) { oa[index] = o; }
+    //     void test45(MyValue1[] va, int index, MyValue2 v) { test45_inline(va, v, index); }
+    if (element_klass == actual_klass) {
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
 
 ciType* LoadField::declared_type() const {
   return field()->type();
@@ -208,9 +296,15 @@ ciType* NewTypeArray::exact_type() const {
 }
 
 ciType* NewObjectArray::exact_type() const {
+  // Resolve the default array properties used by anewarray to a concrete
+  // layout klass (reference or flat), which is the exact type of the allocation.
   return ciObjArrayKlass::make(klass());
 }
 
+ciType* NewMultiArray::exact_type() const {
+  return _klass;
+}
+
 ciType* NewArray::declared_type() const {
   return exact_type();
 }
@@ -321,13 +415,14 @@ void BlockBegin::state_values_do(ValueVisitor* f) {
 // Implementation of Invoke
 
 
-Invoke::Invoke(Bytecodes::Code code, ValueType* result_type, Value recv, Values* args,
+Invoke::Invoke(Bytecodes::Code code, ciType* return_type, Value recv, Values* args,
                ciMethod* target, ValueStack* state_before)
-  : StateSplit(result_type, state_before)
+  : StateSplit(as_ValueType(return_type), state_before)
   , _code(code)
   , _recv(recv)
   , _args(args)
   , _target(target)
+  , _return_type(return_type)
 {
   set_flag(TargetIsLoadedFlag,   target->is_loaded());
   set_flag(TargetIsFinalFlag,    target_is_loaded() && target->is_final_method());
@@ -358,10 +453,8 @@ void Invoke::state_values_do(ValueVisitor* f) {
 }
 
 ciType* Invoke::declared_type() const {
-  ciSignature* declared_signature = state()->scope()->method()->get_declared_signature_at_bci(state()->bci());
-  ciType *t = declared_signature->return_type();
-  assert(t->basic_type() != T_VOID, "need return value of void method?");
-  return t;
+  assert(_return_type->basic_type() != T_VOID, "need return value of void method?");
+  return _return_type;
 }
 
 // Implementation of Constant
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Instruction.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Instruction.hpp
index 7f6fb0f5191..a823f8c1585 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Instruction.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Instruction.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ class     NewArray;
 class       NewTypeArray;
 class       NewObjectArray;
 class       NewMultiArray;
+class     Deoptimize;
 class     TypeCheck;
 class       CheckCast;
 class       InstanceOf;
@@ -97,6 +98,7 @@ class     UnsafePut;
 class     UnsafeGetAndSet;
 class   ProfileCall;
 class   ProfileReturnType;
+class   ProfileACmpTypes;
 class   ProfileInvoke;
 class   RuntimeCall;
 class   MemBar;
@@ -191,6 +193,7 @@ class InstructionVisitor: public StackObj {
   virtual void do_UnsafeGetAndSet(UnsafeGetAndSet* x) = 0;
   virtual void do_ProfileCall    (ProfileCall*     x) = 0;
   virtual void do_ProfileReturnType (ProfileReturnType*  x) = 0;
+  virtual void do_ProfileACmpTypes(ProfileACmpTypes*  x) = 0;
   virtual void do_ProfileInvoke  (ProfileInvoke*   x) = 0;
   virtual void do_RuntimeCall    (RuntimeCall*     x) = 0;
   virtual void do_MemBar         (MemBar*          x) = 0;
@@ -207,9 +210,10 @@ class InstructionVisitor: public StackObj {
 //       of ValueMap - make changes carefully!
 
 #define HASH1(x1            )                    ((intx)(x1))
-#define HASH2(x1, x2        )                    ((HASH1(x1        ) << 7) ^ HASH1(x2))
-#define HASH3(x1, x2, x3    )                    ((HASH2(x1, x2    ) << 7) ^ HASH1(x3))
-#define HASH4(x1, x2, x3, x4)                    ((HASH3(x1, x2, x3) << 7) ^ HASH1(x4))
+#define HASH2(x1, x2        )                    ((HASH1(x1            ) << 7) ^ HASH1(x2))
+#define HASH3(x1, x2, x3    )                    ((HASH2(x1, x2        ) << 7) ^ HASH1(x3))
+#define HASH4(x1, x2, x3, x4)                    ((HASH3(x1, x2, x3    ) << 7) ^ HASH1(x4))
+#define HASH5(x1, x2, x3, x4, x5)                ((HASH4(x1, x2, x3, x4) << 7) ^ HASH1(x5))
 
 
 // The following macros are used to implement instruction-specific hashing.
@@ -268,6 +272,21 @@ class InstructionVisitor: public StackObj {
     return true;                                      \
   }                                                   \
 
+#define HASHING4(class_name, enabled, f1, f2, f3, f4) \
+  virtual intx hash() const {                         \
+    return (enabled) ? HASH5(name(), f1, f2, f3, f4) : 0; \
+  }                                                   \
+  virtual bool is_equal(Value v) const {              \
+    if (!(enabled)) return false;                     \
+    class_name* _v = v->as_##class_name();            \
+    if (_v == nullptr) return false;                  \
+    if (f1 != _v->f1) return false;                   \
+    if (f2 != _v->f2) return false;                   \
+    if (f3 != _v->f3) return false;                   \
+    if (f4 != _v->f4) return false;                   \
+    return true;                                      \
+  }                                                   \
+
 
 // The mother of all instructions...
 
@@ -290,6 +309,7 @@ class Instruction: public CompilationResourceObj {
   XHandlers*   _exception_handlers;              // Flat list of exception handlers covering this instruction
 
   friend class UseCountComputer;
+  friend class GraphBuilder;
 
   void update_exception_state(ValueStack* state);
 
@@ -342,6 +362,7 @@ class Instruction: public CompilationResourceObj {
 
   enum InstructionFlag {
     NeedsNullCheckFlag = 0,
+    NeverNullFlag,
     CanTrapFlag,
     DirectCompareFlag,
     IsSafepointFlag,
@@ -432,6 +453,8 @@ class Instruction: public CompilationResourceObj {
 
   void set_needs_null_check(bool f)              { set_flag(NeedsNullCheckFlag, f); }
   bool needs_null_check() const                  { return check_flag(NeedsNullCheckFlag); }
+  void set_null_free(bool f)                     { set_flag(NeverNullFlag, f); }
+  bool is_null_free() const                      { return check_flag(NeverNullFlag); }
   bool is_linked() const                         { return check_flag(IsLinkedInBlockFlag); }
   bool can_be_linked()                           { return as_Local() == nullptr && as_Phi() == nullptr; }
 
@@ -442,6 +465,7 @@ class Instruction: public CompilationResourceObj {
   ValueStack* exception_state() const            { return _exception_state; }
   virtual bool needs_exception_state() const     { return true; }
   XHandlers* exception_handlers() const          { return _exception_handlers; }
+  ciKlass* as_loaded_klass_or_null() const;
 
   // manipulation
   void pin(PinReason reason)                     { _pin_state |= reason; }
@@ -486,6 +510,10 @@ class Instruction: public CompilationResourceObj {
     return _next;
   }
 
+  bool is_loaded_flat_array() const;
+  bool maybe_flat_array() const;
+  bool maybe_null_free_array() const;
+
   Instruction *insert_after_same_bci(Instruction *i) {
 #ifndef PRODUCT
     i->set_printable_bci(printable_bci());
@@ -813,7 +841,9 @@ LEAF(LoadField, AccessField)
   LoadField(Value obj, int offset, ciField* field, bool is_static,
             ValueStack* state_before, bool needs_patching)
   : AccessField(obj, offset, field, is_static, state_before, needs_patching)
-  {}
+  {
+    set_null_free(field->is_null_free());
+  }
 
   ciType* declared_type() const;
 
@@ -825,20 +855,26 @@ LEAF(LoadField, AccessField)
 LEAF(StoreField, AccessField)
  private:
   Value _value;
+  ciField* _enclosing_field;   // enclosing field (the flat one) for nested fields
 
  public:
   // creation
   StoreField(Value obj, int offset, ciField* field, Value value, bool is_static,
              ValueStack* state_before, bool needs_patching)
-  : AccessField(obj, offset, field, is_static, state_before, needs_patching)
-  , _value(value)
-  {
-    ASSERT_VALUES
+    : AccessField(obj, offset, field, is_static, state_before, needs_patching)
+      , _value(value)
+      , _enclosing_field(nullptr) {
+  #ifdef ASSERT
+    AssertValues assert_value;
+    values_do(&assert_value);
+  #endif
     pin();
   }
 
   // accessors
   Value value() const                            { return _value; }
+  ciField* enclosing_field() const               { return _enclosing_field; }
+  void set_enclosing_field(ciField* field)       { _enclosing_field = field; }
 
   // generic
   virtual void input_values_do(ValueVisitor* f)   { AccessField::input_values_do(f); f->visit(&_value); }
@@ -896,6 +932,8 @@ BASE(AccessIndexed, AccessArray)
   Value     _length;
   BasicType _elt_type;
   bool      _mismatched;
+  ciMethod* _profiled_method;
+  int       _profiled_bci;
 
  public:
   // creation
@@ -905,6 +943,8 @@ BASE(AccessIndexed, AccessArray)
   , _length(length)
   , _elt_type(elt_type)
   , _mismatched(mismatched)
+  , _profiled_method(nullptr)
+  , _profiled_bci(0)
   {
     set_flag(Instruction::NeedsRangeCheckFlag, true);
     ASSERT_VALUES
@@ -920,20 +960,31 @@ BASE(AccessIndexed, AccessArray)
   // perform elimination of range checks involving constants
   bool compute_needs_range_check();
 
+  // Helpers for MethodData* profiling
+  void set_should_profile(bool value)                { set_flag(ProfileMDOFlag, value); }
+  void set_profiled_method(ciMethod* method)         { _profiled_method = method;   }
+  void set_profiled_bci(int bci)                     { _profiled_bci = bci;         }
+  bool      should_profile() const                   { return check_flag(ProfileMDOFlag); }
+  ciMethod* profiled_method() const                  { return _profiled_method;     }
+  int       profiled_bci() const                     { return _profiled_bci;        }
+
   // generic
   virtual void input_values_do(ValueVisitor* f)   { AccessArray::input_values_do(f); f->visit(&_index); if (_length != nullptr) f->visit(&_length); }
 };
 
+class DelayedLoadIndexed;
 
 LEAF(LoadIndexed, AccessIndexed)
  private:
-  NullCheck*  _explicit_null_check;              // For explicit null check elimination
+  NullCheck*  _explicit_null_check;  // For explicit null check elimination
+  Value _buffer;                     // Buffer for load from flat arrays
+  DelayedLoadIndexed* _delayed;
 
  public:
   // creation
   LoadIndexed(Value array, Value index, Value length, BasicType elt_type, ValueStack* state_before, bool mismatched = false)
   : AccessIndexed(array, index, length, elt_type, state_before, mismatched)
-  , _explicit_null_check(nullptr) {}
+  , _explicit_null_check(nullptr), _buffer(nullptr), _delayed(nullptr) {}
 
   // accessors
   NullCheck* explicit_null_check() const         { return _explicit_null_check; }
@@ -945,40 +996,82 @@ LEAF(LoadIndexed, AccessIndexed)
   ciType* exact_type() const;
   ciType* declared_type() const;
 
+  Value buffer() const { return _buffer; }
+
+  void set_buffer(Value buffer) {
+    assert(buffer == nullptr || buffer->as_NewInstance() != nullptr, "LoadIndexed flat array buffer must be a NewInstance");
+    _buffer = buffer;
+  }
+
+  DelayedLoadIndexed* delayed() const { return _delayed; }
+  void set_delayed(DelayedLoadIndexed* delayed) { _delayed = delayed; }
+
+  virtual void input_values_do(ValueVisitor* f) {
+    AccessIndexed::input_values_do(f);
+    if (_buffer != nullptr) {
+      f->visit(&_buffer);
+      assert(_buffer->as_NewInstance() != nullptr, "LoadIndexed flat array buffer must stay a NewInstance");
+    }
+  }
+
   // generic;
-  HASHING3(LoadIndexed, true, elt_type(), array()->subst(), index()->subst())
+  HASHING4(LoadIndexed, delayed() == nullptr && !should_profile(), elt_type(), array()->subst(), index()->subst(), buffer())
 };
 
+// Records a flat-array LoadIndexed while following getfield bytecodes are parsed.
+// This allows LIR generation to access the selected field directly, without first
+// buffering the enclosing flat-array element.
+class DelayedLoadIndexed : public CompilationResourceObj {
+private:
+  LoadIndexed* _load_instr;
+  ValueStack* _state_before;
+  ciField* _field;
+  size_t _offset;
+ public:
+  DelayedLoadIndexed(LoadIndexed* load, ValueStack* state_before)
+  : _load_instr(load)
+  , _state_before(state_before)
+  , _field(nullptr)
+  , _offset(0) { }
+
+  void update(ciField* field, int offset) {
+    assert(offset >= 0, "must be");
+    _field = field;
+    _offset += offset;
+  }
+
+  LoadIndexed* load_instr() const { return _load_instr; }
+  ValueStack* state_before() const { return _state_before; }
+  ciField* field() const { return _field; }
+  size_t offset() const { return _offset; }
+};
 
 LEAF(StoreIndexed, AccessIndexed)
  private:
   Value       _value;
 
-  ciMethod* _profiled_method;
-  int       _profiled_bci;
   bool      _check_boolean;
 
  public:
   // creation
-  StoreIndexed(Value array, Value index, Value length, BasicType elt_type, Value value, ValueStack* state_before,
-               bool check_boolean, bool mismatched = false)
-  : AccessIndexed(array, index, length, elt_type, state_before, mismatched)
-  , _value(value), _profiled_method(nullptr), _profiled_bci(0), _check_boolean(check_boolean)
-  {
-    ASSERT_VALUES
+  StoreIndexed(Value array, Value index, Value length, BasicType elt_type, Value value,
+               ValueStack* state_before, bool check_boolean, bool mismatched = false)
+    : AccessIndexed(array, index, length, elt_type, state_before, mismatched)
+      , _value(value), _check_boolean(check_boolean) {
+  #ifdef ASSERT
+    AssertValues assert_value;
+    values_do(&assert_value);
+  #endif
     pin();
   }
 
+
   // accessors
   Value value() const                            { return _value; }
   bool check_boolean() const                     { return _check_boolean; }
-  // Helpers for MethodData* profiling
-  void set_should_profile(bool value)                { set_flag(ProfileMDOFlag, value); }
-  void set_profiled_method(ciMethod* method)         { _profiled_method = method;   }
-  void set_profiled_bci(int bci)                     { _profiled_bci = bci;         }
-  bool      should_profile() const                   { return check_flag(ProfileMDOFlag); }
-  ciMethod* profiled_method() const                  { return _profiled_method;     }
-  int       profiled_bci() const                     { return _profiled_bci;        }
+
+  // Flattened array support
+  bool is_exact_flat_array_store() const;
   // generic
   virtual void input_values_do(ValueVisitor* f)   { AccessIndexed::input_values_do(f); f->visit(&_value); }
 };
@@ -1089,16 +1182,19 @@ LEAF(IfOp, Op2)
  private:
   Value _tval;
   Value _fval;
+  bool _substitutability_check;
 
  public:
   // creation
-  IfOp(Value x, Condition cond, Value y, Value tval, Value fval)
+  IfOp(Value x, Condition cond, Value y, Value tval, Value fval, ValueStack* state_before, bool substitutability_check)
   : Op2(tval->type()->meet(fval->type()), (Bytecodes::Code)cond, x, y)
   , _tval(tval)
   , _fval(fval)
+  , _substitutability_check(substitutability_check)
   {
     ASSERT_VALUES
     assert(tval->type()->tag() == fval->type()->tag(), "types must match");
+    set_state_before(state_before);
   }
 
   // accessors
@@ -1107,7 +1203,7 @@ LEAF(IfOp, Op2)
   Condition cond() const                         { return (Condition)Op2::op(); }
   Value tval() const                             { return _tval; }
   Value fval() const                             { return _fval; }
-
+  bool substitutability_check() const            { return _substitutability_check; }
   // generic
   virtual void input_values_do(ValueVisitor* f)   { Op2::input_values_do(f); f->visit(&_tval); f->visit(&_fval); }
 };
@@ -1222,10 +1318,11 @@ LEAF(Invoke, StateSplit)
   Values*         _args;
   BasicTypeList*  _signature;
   ciMethod*       _target;
+  ciType*         _return_type;
 
  public:
   // creation
-  Invoke(Bytecodes::Code code, ValueType* result_type, Value recv, Values* args,
+  Invoke(Bytecodes::Code code, ciType* return_type, Value recv, Values* args,
          ciMethod* target, ValueStack* state_before);
 
   // accessors
@@ -1264,17 +1361,19 @@ LEAF(NewInstance, StateSplit)
  private:
   ciInstanceKlass* _klass;
   bool _is_unresolved;
+  bool _needs_state_before;
 
  public:
   // creation
-  NewInstance(ciInstanceKlass* klass, ValueStack* state_before, bool is_unresolved)
+  NewInstance(ciInstanceKlass* klass, ValueStack* state_before, bool is_unresolved, bool needs_state_before)
   : StateSplit(instanceType, state_before)
-  , _klass(klass), _is_unresolved(is_unresolved)
+  , _klass(klass), _is_unresolved(is_unresolved), _needs_state_before(needs_state_before)
   {}
 
   // accessors
   ciInstanceKlass* klass() const                 { return _klass; }
   bool is_unresolved() const                     { return _is_unresolved; }
+  bool needs_state_before() const                { return _needs_state_before; }
 
   virtual bool needs_exception_state() const     { return false; }
 
@@ -1284,7 +1383,6 @@ LEAF(NewInstance, StateSplit)
   ciType* declared_type() const;
 };
 
-
 BASE(NewArray, StateSplit)
  private:
   Value       _length;
@@ -1338,7 +1436,8 @@ LEAF(NewObjectArray, NewArray)
 
  public:
   // creation
-  NewObjectArray(ciKlass* klass, Value length, ValueStack* state_before) : NewArray(length, state_before), _klass(klass) {}
+  NewObjectArray(ciKlass* klass, Value length, ValueStack* state_before)
+  : NewArray(length, state_before), _klass(klass) { }
 
   // accessors
   ciKlass* klass() const                         { return _klass; }
@@ -1373,6 +1472,8 @@ LEAF(NewMultiArray, NewArray)
     StateSplit::input_values_do(f);
     for (int i = 0; i < _dims->length(); i++) f->visit(_dims->adr_at(i));
   }
+
+  ciType* exact_type() const;
 };
 
 
@@ -1478,14 +1579,19 @@ BASE(AccessMonitor, StateSplit)
 
 
 LEAF(MonitorEnter, AccessMonitor)
+  bool _maybe_inlinetype;
  public:
   // creation
-  MonitorEnter(Value obj, int monitor_no, ValueStack* state_before)
+  MonitorEnter(Value obj, int monitor_no, ValueStack* state_before, bool maybe_inlinetype)
   : AccessMonitor(obj, monitor_no, state_before)
+  , _maybe_inlinetype(maybe_inlinetype)
   {
     ASSERT_VALUES
   }
 
+  // accessors
+  bool maybe_inlinetype() const                   { return _maybe_inlinetype; }
+
   // generic
   virtual bool can_trap() const                  { return true; }
 };
@@ -1941,10 +2047,11 @@ LEAF(If, BlockEnd)
   int         _profiled_bci; // Canonicalizer may alter bci of If node
   bool        _swapped;      // Is the order reversed with respect to the original If in the
                              // bytecode stream?
+  bool        _substitutability_check;
  public:
   // creation
   // unordered_is_true is valid for float/double compares only
-  If(Value x, Condition cond, bool unordered_is_true, Value y, BlockBegin* tsux, BlockBegin* fsux, ValueStack* state_before, bool is_safepoint)
+  If(Value x, Condition cond, bool unordered_is_true, Value y, BlockBegin* tsux, BlockBegin* fsux, ValueStack* state_before, bool is_safepoint, bool substitutability_check=false)
     : BlockEnd(illegalType, state_before, is_safepoint)
   , _x(x)
   , _cond(cond)
@@ -1952,6 +2059,7 @@ LEAF(If, BlockEnd)
   , _profiled_method(nullptr)
   , _profiled_bci(0)
   , _swapped(false)
+  , _substitutability_check(substitutability_check)
   {
     ASSERT_VALUES
     set_flag(UnorderedIsTrueFlag, unordered_is_true);
@@ -1986,6 +2094,7 @@ LEAF(If, BlockEnd)
   void set_profiled_method(ciMethod* method)      { _profiled_method = method; }
   void set_profiled_bci(int bci)                  { _profiled_bci = bci;       }
   void set_swapped(bool value)                    { _swapped = value;         }
+  bool substitutability_check() const             { return _substitutability_check; }
   // generic
   virtual void input_values_do(ValueVisitor* f)   { BlockEnd::input_values_do(f); f->visit(&_x); f->visit(&_y); }
 };
@@ -2296,7 +2405,7 @@ LEAF(ProfileReturnType, Instruction)
     , _ret(ret)
   {
     set_needs_null_check(true);
-    // The ProfileType has side-effects and must occur precisely where located
+    // The ProfileReturnType has side-effects and must occur precisely where located
     pin();
   }
 
@@ -2312,6 +2421,48 @@ LEAF(ProfileReturnType, Instruction)
   }
 };
 
+LEAF(ProfileACmpTypes, Instruction)
+ private:
+  ciMethod*        _method;
+  int              _bci;
+  Value            _left;
+  Value            _right;
+  bool             _left_maybe_null;
+  bool             _right_maybe_null;
+
+ public:
+  ProfileACmpTypes(ciMethod* method, int bci, Value left, Value right)
+    : Instruction(voidType)
+    , _method(method)
+    , _bci(bci)
+    , _left(left)
+    , _right(right)
+  {
+    // The ProfileACmp has side-effects and must occur precisely where located
+    pin();
+    _left_maybe_null = true;
+    _right_maybe_null = true;
+  }
+
+  ciMethod* method()             const { return _method; }
+  int bci()                      const { return _bci; }
+  Value left()                   const { return _left; }
+  Value right()                  const { return _right; }
+  bool left_maybe_null()         const { return _left_maybe_null; }
+  bool right_maybe_null()        const { return _right_maybe_null; }
+  void set_left_maybe_null(bool v)     { _left_maybe_null = v; }
+  void set_right_maybe_null(bool v)    { _right_maybe_null = v; }
+
+  virtual void input_values_do(ValueVisitor* f)   {
+    if (_left != nullptr) {
+      f->visit(&_left);
+    }
+    if (_right != nullptr) {
+      f->visit(&_right);
+    }
+  }
+};
+
 // Call some C runtime function that doesn't safepoint,
 // optionally passing the current thread as the first argument.
 LEAF(RuntimeCall, Instruction)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_InstructionPrinter.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_InstructionPrinter.cpp
index 59e24c3e6c5..35a7b3dc2b3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_InstructionPrinter.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_InstructionPrinter.cpp
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include "c1/c1_InstructionPrinter.hpp"
 #include "c1/c1_ValueStack.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciArray.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciInstance.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciObject.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
@@ -380,7 +381,12 @@ void InstructionPrinter::do_ArrayLength(ArrayLength* x) {
 
 void InstructionPrinter::do_LoadIndexed(LoadIndexed* x) {
   print_indexed(x);
-  output()->print(" (%c)", type2char(x->elt_type()));
+  if (x->delayed() != nullptr) {
+    output()->print(" +%zu", x->delayed()->offset());
+    output()->print(" (%c)", type2char(x->delayed()->field()->type()->basic_type()));
+  } else {
+    output()->print(" (%c)", type2char(x->elt_type()));
+  }
   if (x->check_flag(Instruction::NeedsRangeCheckFlag)) {
     output()->print(" [rc]");
   }
@@ -845,6 +851,7 @@ void InstructionPrinter::do_ProfileReturnType(ProfileReturnType* x) {
   output()->print(" %s.%s", x->method()->holder()->name()->as_utf8(), x->method()->name()->as_utf8());
   output()->put(')');
 }
+
 void InstructionPrinter::do_ProfileInvoke(ProfileInvoke* x) {
   output()->print("profile_invoke ");
   output()->print(" %s.%s", x->inlinee()->holder()->name()->as_utf8(), x->inlinee()->name()->as_utf8());
@@ -852,6 +859,13 @@ void InstructionPrinter::do_ProfileInvoke(ProfileInvoke* x) {
 
 }
 
+void InstructionPrinter::do_ProfileACmpTypes(ProfileACmpTypes* x) {
+  output()->print("profile acmp types ");
+  print_value(x->left());
+  output()->print(", ");
+  print_value(x->right());
+}
+
 void InstructionPrinter::do_RuntimeCall(RuntimeCall* x) {
   output()->print("call_rt %s(", x->entry_name());
   for (int i = 0; i < x->number_of_arguments(); i++) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_InstructionPrinter.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_InstructionPrinter.hpp
index 6edf270ec6e..116c636cf44 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_InstructionPrinter.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_InstructionPrinter.hpp
@@ -125,6 +125,7 @@ class InstructionPrinter: public InstructionVisitor {
   virtual void do_UnsafeGetAndSet(UnsafeGetAndSet* x);
   virtual void do_ProfileCall    (ProfileCall*     x);
   virtual void do_ProfileReturnType (ProfileReturnType*  x);
+  virtual void do_ProfileACmpTypes(ProfileACmpTypes*  x);
   virtual void do_ProfileInvoke  (ProfileInvoke*   x);
   virtual void do_RuntimeCall    (RuntimeCall*     x);
   virtual void do_MemBar         (MemBar*          x);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIR.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIR.cpp
index a67fa98f8f8..65b28be7911 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIR.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIR.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include "c1/c1_LIR.hpp"
 #include "c1/c1_LIRAssembler.hpp"
 #include "c1/c1_ValueStack.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciInstance.hpp"
 #include "runtime/safepointMechanism.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
@@ -286,7 +287,7 @@ void LIR_OpBranch::negate_cond() {
 LIR_OpTypeCheck::LIR_OpTypeCheck(LIR_Code code, LIR_Opr result, LIR_Opr object, ciKlass* klass,
                                  LIR_Opr tmp1, LIR_Opr tmp2, LIR_Opr tmp3,
                                  bool fast_check, CodeEmitInfo* info_for_exception, CodeEmitInfo* info_for_patch,
-                                 CodeStub* stub)
+                                 CodeStub* stub, bool need_null_check)
 
   : LIR_Op(code, result, nullptr)
   , _object(object)
@@ -302,6 +303,7 @@ LIR_OpTypeCheck::LIR_OpTypeCheck(LIR_Code code, LIR_Opr result, LIR_Opr object,
   , _profiled_bci(-1)
   , _should_profile(false)
   , _fast_check(fast_check)
+  , _need_null_check(need_null_check)
 {
   if (code == lir_checkcast) {
     assert(info_for_exception != nullptr, "checkcast throws exceptions");
@@ -329,6 +331,7 @@ LIR_OpTypeCheck::LIR_OpTypeCheck(LIR_Code code, LIR_Opr object, LIR_Opr array, L
   , _profiled_bci(-1)
   , _should_profile(false)
   , _fast_check(false)
+  , _need_null_check(true)
 {
   if (code == lir_store_check) {
     _stub = new ArrayStoreExceptionStub(object, info_for_exception);
@@ -338,6 +341,33 @@ LIR_OpTypeCheck::LIR_OpTypeCheck(LIR_Code code, LIR_Opr object, LIR_Opr array, L
   }
 }
 
+LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck::LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr tmp, CodeStub* stub)
+  : LIR_Op(lir_flat_array_check, LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr, nullptr)
+  , _array(array)
+  , _tmp(tmp)
+  , _stub(stub) {}
+
+
+LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck::LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr tmp)
+  : LIR_Op(lir_null_free_array_check, LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr, nullptr)
+  , _array(array)
+  , _tmp(tmp) {}
+
+
+LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck::LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck(LIR_Opr result, LIR_Opr left, LIR_Opr right, LIR_Opr equal_result, LIR_Opr not_equal_result,
+                                                         ciKlass* left_klass, ciKlass* right_klass, LIR_Opr tmp1, LIR_Opr tmp2,
+                                                         CodeEmitInfo* info, CodeStub* stub)
+  : LIR_Op(lir_substitutability_check, result, info)
+  , _left(left)
+  , _right(right)
+  , _equal_result(equal_result)
+  , _not_equal_result(not_equal_result)
+  , _left_klass(left_klass)
+  , _right_klass(right_klass)
+  , _tmp1(tmp1)
+  , _tmp2(tmp2)
+  , _stub(stub) {}
+
 
 LIR_OpArrayCopy::LIR_OpArrayCopy(LIR_Opr src, LIR_Opr src_pos, LIR_Opr dst, LIR_Opr dst_pos, LIR_Opr length,
                                  LIR_Opr tmp, ciArrayKlass* expected_type, int flags, CodeEmitInfo* info)
@@ -412,6 +442,7 @@ void LIR_OpVisitState::visit(LIR_Op* op) {
     case lir_membar_storestore:        // result and info always invalid
     case lir_membar_loadstore:         // result and info always invalid
     case lir_membar_storeload:         // result and info always invalid
+    case lir_check_orig_pc:            // result and info always invalid
     case lir_on_spin_wait:
     {
       assert(op->as_Op0() != nullptr, "must be");
@@ -789,6 +820,7 @@ void LIR_OpVisitState::visit(LIR_Op* op) {
       assert(opLock->_result->is_illegal(), "unused");
 
       do_stub(opLock->_stub);
+      do_stub(opLock->_throw_ie_stub);
 
       break;
     }
@@ -816,6 +848,56 @@ void LIR_OpVisitState::visit(LIR_Op* op) {
       break;
     }
 
+// LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck
+    case lir_flat_array_check: {
+      assert(op->as_OpFlattenedArrayCheck() != nullptr, "must be");
+      LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck* opFlattenedArrayCheck = (LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck*)op;
+
+      if (opFlattenedArrayCheck->_array->is_valid()) do_input(opFlattenedArrayCheck->_array);
+      if (opFlattenedArrayCheck->_tmp->is_valid())   do_temp(opFlattenedArrayCheck->_tmp);
+
+      do_stub(opFlattenedArrayCheck->_stub);
+
+      break;
+    }
+
+// LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck
+    case lir_null_free_array_check: {
+      assert(op->as_OpNullFreeArrayCheck() != nullptr, "must be");
+      LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck* opNullFreeArrayCheck = (LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck*)op;
+
+      if (opNullFreeArrayCheck->_array->is_valid()) do_input(opNullFreeArrayCheck->_array);
+#ifdef RISCV
+      // tmp is used to hold the result of null free array check on riscv
+      // See LIR_Assembler::emit_opNullFreeArrayCheck
+      if (opNullFreeArrayCheck->_tmp->is_valid())   do_output(opNullFreeArrayCheck->_tmp);
+#else
+      if (opNullFreeArrayCheck->_tmp->is_valid())   do_temp(opNullFreeArrayCheck->_tmp);
+#endif
+      break;
+    }
+
+// LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck
+    case lir_substitutability_check: {
+      assert(op->as_OpSubstitutabilityCheck() != nullptr, "must be");
+      LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck* opSubstitutabilityCheck = (LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck*)op;
+                                                                do_input(opSubstitutabilityCheck->_left);
+                                                                do_temp (opSubstitutabilityCheck->_left);
+                                                                do_input(opSubstitutabilityCheck->_right);
+                                                                do_temp (opSubstitutabilityCheck->_right);
+                                                                do_input(opSubstitutabilityCheck->_equal_result);
+                                                                do_temp (opSubstitutabilityCheck->_equal_result);
+                                                                do_input(opSubstitutabilityCheck->_not_equal_result);
+                                                                do_temp (opSubstitutabilityCheck->_not_equal_result);
+      if (opSubstitutabilityCheck->_tmp1->is_valid())           do_temp(opSubstitutabilityCheck->_tmp1);
+      if (opSubstitutabilityCheck->_tmp2->is_valid())           do_temp(opSubstitutabilityCheck->_tmp2);
+      if (opSubstitutabilityCheck->_result->is_valid())         do_output(opSubstitutabilityCheck->_result);
+
+      do_info(opSubstitutabilityCheck->_info);
+      do_stub(opSubstitutabilityCheck->_stub);
+      break;
+    }
+
 // LIR_OpCompareAndSwap
     case lir_cas_long:
     case lir_cas_obj:
@@ -893,7 +975,18 @@ void LIR_OpVisitState::visit(LIR_Op* op) {
       do_temp(opProfileType->_tmp);
       break;
     }
-  default:
+
+    // LIR_OpProfileInlineType:
+    case lir_profile_inline_type: {
+      assert(op->as_OpProfileInlineType() != nullptr, "must be");
+      LIR_OpProfileInlineType* opProfileInlineType = (LIR_OpProfileInlineType*)op;
+
+      do_input(opProfileInlineType->_mdp); do_temp(opProfileInlineType->_mdp);
+      do_input(opProfileInlineType->_obj);
+      do_temp(opProfileInlineType->_tmp);
+      break;
+    }
+default:
     op->visit(this);
   }
 }
@@ -966,6 +1059,34 @@ void LIR_OpJavaCall::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* masm) {
   masm->emit_call(this);
 }
 
+bool LIR_OpJavaCall::maybe_return_as_fields(ciInlineKlass** vk_ret) const {
+  ciType* return_type = method()->return_type();
+  if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+    if (return_type->is_inlinetype()) {
+      ciInlineKlass* vk = return_type->as_inline_klass();
+      if (vk->can_be_returned_as_fields()) {
+        if (vk_ret != nullptr) {
+          *vk_ret = vk;
+        }
+        return true;
+      }
+    } else if (return_type->is_instance_klass() &&
+               (method()->is_method_handle_intrinsic() || !return_type->is_loaded() ||
+                StressCallingConvention)) {
+      // An inline type might be returned from the call but we don't know its type.
+      // This can happen with method handle intrinsics or when the return type is
+      // not loaded (method holder is not loaded or preload attribute is missing).
+      // If an inline type is returned, we either get an oop to a buffer and nothing
+      // needs to be done or one of the values being returned is the klass of the
+      // inline type (RAX on x64, with LSB set to 1) and we need to allocate an inline
+      // type instance of that type and initialize it with the fields values being
+      // returned in other registers.
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
 void LIR_OpRTCall::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* masm) {
   masm->emit_rtcall(this);
 }
@@ -1026,6 +1147,24 @@ void LIR_OpTypeCheck::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* masm) {
   }
 }
 
+void LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* masm) {
+  masm->emit_opFlattenedArrayCheck(this);
+  if (stub() != nullptr) {
+    masm->append_code_stub(stub());
+  }
+}
+
+void LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* masm) {
+  masm->emit_opNullFreeArrayCheck(this);
+}
+
+void LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* masm) {
+  masm->emit_opSubstitutabilityCheck(this);
+  if (stub() != nullptr) {
+    masm->append_code_stub(stub());
+  }
+}
+
 void LIR_OpCompareAndSwap::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* masm) {
   masm->emit_compare_and_swap(this);
 }
@@ -1043,6 +1182,9 @@ void LIR_OpLock::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* masm) {
   if (stub()) {
     masm->append_code_stub(stub());
   }
+  if (throw_ie_stub()) {
+    masm->append_code_stub(throw_ie_stub());
+  }
 }
 
 void LIR_OpLoadKlass::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* masm) {
@@ -1063,6 +1205,10 @@ void LIR_OpProfileType::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* masm) {
   masm->emit_profile_type(this);
 }
 
+void LIR_OpProfileInlineType::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* masm) {
+  masm->emit_profile_inline_type(this);
+}
+
 // LIR_List
 LIR_List::LIR_List(Compilation* compilation, BlockBegin* block)
   : _operations(8)
@@ -1338,7 +1484,7 @@ void LIR_List::allocate_object(LIR_Opr dst, LIR_Opr t1, LIR_Opr t2, LIR_Opr t3,
                            stub));
 }
 
-void LIR_List::allocate_array(LIR_Opr dst, LIR_Opr len, LIR_Opr t1,LIR_Opr t2, LIR_Opr t3,LIR_Opr t4, BasicType type, LIR_Opr klass, CodeStub* stub, bool zero_array) {
+void LIR_List::allocate_array(LIR_Opr dst, LIR_Opr len, LIR_Opr t1,LIR_Opr t2, LIR_Opr t3,LIR_Opr t4, BasicType type, LIR_Opr klass, CodeStub* stub, bool zero_array, bool always_slow_path) {
   append(new LIR_OpAllocArray(
                            klass,
                            len,
@@ -1349,7 +1495,8 @@ void LIR_List::allocate_array(LIR_Opr dst, LIR_Opr len, LIR_Opr t1,LIR_Opr t2, L
                            t4,
                            type,
                            stub,
-                           zero_array));
+                           zero_array,
+                           always_slow_path));
 }
 
 void LIR_List::shift_left(LIR_Opr value, LIR_Opr count, LIR_Opr dst, LIR_Opr tmp) {
@@ -1387,7 +1534,7 @@ void LIR_List::fcmp2int(LIR_Opr left, LIR_Opr right, LIR_Opr dst, bool is_unorde
                      dst));
 }
 
-void LIR_List::lock_object(LIR_Opr hdr, LIR_Opr obj, LIR_Opr lock, LIR_Opr scratch, CodeStub* stub, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+void LIR_List::lock_object(LIR_Opr hdr, LIR_Opr obj, LIR_Opr lock, LIR_Opr scratch, CodeStub* stub, CodeEmitInfo* info, CodeStub* throw_ie_stub) {
   append(new LIR_OpLock(
                     lir_lock,
                     hdr,
@@ -1395,7 +1542,8 @@ void LIR_List::lock_object(LIR_Opr hdr, LIR_Opr obj, LIR_Opr lock, LIR_Opr scrat
                     lock,
                     scratch,
                     stub,
-                    info));
+                    info,
+                    throw_ie_stub));
 }
 
 void LIR_List::unlock_object(LIR_Opr hdr, LIR_Opr obj, LIR_Opr lock, LIR_Opr scratch, CodeStub* stub) {
@@ -1420,9 +1568,13 @@ void check_LIR() {
 void LIR_List::checkcast (LIR_Opr result, LIR_Opr object, ciKlass* klass,
                           LIR_Opr tmp1, LIR_Opr tmp2, LIR_Opr tmp3, bool fast_check,
                           CodeEmitInfo* info_for_exception, CodeEmitInfo* info_for_patch, CodeStub* stub,
-                          ciMethod* profiled_method, int profiled_bci) {
+                          ciMethod* profiled_method, int profiled_bci, bool is_null_free) {
+  // If klass is non-nullable,  LIRGenerator::do_CheckCast has already performed null-check
+  // on the object.
+  bool need_null_check = !is_null_free;
   LIR_OpTypeCheck* c = new LIR_OpTypeCheck(lir_checkcast, result, object, klass,
-                                           tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, fast_check, info_for_exception, info_for_patch, stub);
+                                           tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, fast_check, info_for_exception, info_for_patch, stub,
+                                           need_null_check);
   if (profiled_method != nullptr && TypeProfileCasts) {
     c->set_profiled_method(profiled_method);
     c->set_profiled_bci(profiled_bci);
@@ -1465,6 +1617,24 @@ void LIR_List::null_check(LIR_Opr opr, CodeEmitInfo* info, bool deoptimize_on_nu
   }
 }
 
+void LIR_List::check_flat_array(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr tmp, CodeStub* stub) {
+  LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck* c = new LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck(array, tmp, stub);
+  append(c);
+}
+
+void LIR_List::check_null_free_array(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr tmp) {
+  LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck* c = new LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck(array, tmp);
+  append(c);
+}
+
+void LIR_List::substitutability_check(LIR_Opr result, LIR_Opr left, LIR_Opr right, LIR_Opr equal_result, LIR_Opr not_equal_result,
+                                      ciKlass* left_klass, ciKlass* right_klass, LIR_Opr tmp1, LIR_Opr tmp2,
+                                      CodeEmitInfo* info, CodeStub* stub) {
+  LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck* c = new LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck(result, left, right, equal_result, not_equal_result,
+                                                                   left_klass, right_klass, tmp1, tmp2, info, stub);
+  append(c);
+}
+
 void LIR_List::cas_long(LIR_Opr addr, LIR_Opr cmp_value, LIR_Opr new_value,
                         LIR_Opr t1, LIR_Opr t2, LIR_Opr result) {
   append(new LIR_OpCompareAndSwap(lir_cas_long, addr, cmp_value, new_value, t1, t2, result));
@@ -1680,6 +1850,7 @@ const char * LIR_Op::name() const {
      case lir_osr_entry:             s = "osr_entry";     break;
      case lir_breakpoint:            s = "breakpoint";    break;
      case lir_get_thread:            s = "get_thread";    break;
+     case lir_check_orig_pc:         s = "check_orig_pc"; break;
      // LIR_Op1
      case lir_push:                  s = "push";          break;
      case lir_pop:                   s = "pop";           break;
@@ -1743,6 +1914,12 @@ const char * LIR_Op::name() const {
      case lir_instanceof:            s = "instanceof";    break;
      case lir_checkcast:             s = "checkcast";     break;
      case lir_store_check:           s = "store_check";   break;
+     // LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck
+     case lir_flat_array_check:      s = "flat_array_check"; break;
+     // LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck
+     case lir_null_free_array_check: s = "null_free_array_check"; break;
+     // LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck
+     case lir_substitutability_check: s = "substitutability_check"; break;
      // LIR_OpCompareAndSwap
      case lir_cas_long:              s = "cas_long";      break;
      case lir_cas_obj:               s = "cas_obj";      break;
@@ -1751,6 +1928,8 @@ const char * LIR_Op::name() const {
      case lir_profile_call:          s = "profile_call";  break;
      // LIR_OpProfileType
      case lir_profile_type:          s = "profile_type";  break;
+     // LIR_OpProfileInlineType
+     case lir_profile_inline_type:   s = "profile_inline_type"; break;
      // LIR_OpAssert
 #ifdef ASSERT
      case lir_assert:                s = "assert";        break;
@@ -1976,6 +2155,41 @@ void LIR_OpTypeCheck::print_instr(outputStream* out) const {
   if (info_for_exception() != nullptr) out->print(" [bci:%d]", info_for_exception()->stack()->bci());
 }
 
+void LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck::print_instr(outputStream* out) const {
+  array()->print(out);                   out->print(" ");
+  tmp()->print(out);                     out->print(" ");
+  if (stub() != nullptr) {
+    out->print("[label:" INTPTR_FORMAT "]", p2i(stub()->entry()));
+  }
+}
+
+void LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck::print_instr(outputStream* out) const {
+  array()->print(out);                   out->print(" ");
+  tmp()->print(out);                     out->print(" ");
+}
+
+void LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck::print_instr(outputStream* out) const {
+  result_opr()->print(out);              out->print(" ");
+  left()->print(out);                    out->print(" ");
+  right()->print(out);                   out->print(" ");
+  equal_result()->print(out);            out->print(" ");
+  not_equal_result()->print(out);        out->print(" ");
+  if (left_klass() == nullptr) {
+    out->print("unknown ");
+  } else {
+    left_klass()->print(out);            out->print(" ");
+  }
+  if (right_klass() == nullptr) {
+    out->print("unknown ");
+  } else {
+    right_klass()->print(out);           out->print(" ");
+  }
+  tmp1()->print(out);                    out->print(" ");
+  tmp2()->print(out);                    out->print(" ");
+  if (stub() != nullptr) {
+    out->print("[label:" INTPTR_FORMAT "]", p2i(stub()->entry()));
+  }
+}
 
 // LIR_Op3
 void LIR_Op3::print_instr(outputStream* out) const {
@@ -2046,6 +2260,14 @@ void LIR_OpProfileType::print_instr(outputStream* out) const {
   tmp()->print(out);          out->print(" ");
 }
 
+// LIR_OpProfileInlineType
+void LIR_OpProfileInlineType::print_instr(outputStream* out) const {
+  out->print(" flag = %x ", flag());
+  mdp()->print(out);          out->print(" ");
+  obj()->print(out);          out->print(" ");
+  tmp()->print(out);          out->print(" ");
+}
+
 #endif // PRODUCT
 
 // Implementation of LIR_InsertionBuffer
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIR.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIR.hpp
index 80b0fd65bc1..91a80bfdd12 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIR.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIR.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -889,10 +889,14 @@ class    LIR_OpArrayCopy;
 class    LIR_OpUpdateCRC32;
 class    LIR_OpLock;
 class    LIR_OpTypeCheck;
+class    LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck;
+class    LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck;
+class    LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck;
 class    LIR_OpCompareAndSwap;
 class    LIR_OpLoadKlass;
 class    LIR_OpProfileCall;
 class    LIR_OpProfileType;
+class    LIR_OpProfileInlineType;
 #ifdef ASSERT
 class    LIR_OpAssert;
 #endif
@@ -916,6 +920,7 @@ enum LIR_Code {
       , lir_membar_storeload
       , lir_get_thread
       , lir_on_spin_wait
+      , lir_check_orig_pc
   , end_op0
   , begin_op1
       , lir_push
@@ -989,6 +994,15 @@ enum LIR_Code {
     , lir_checkcast
     , lir_store_check
   , end_opTypeCheck
+  , begin_opFlattenedArrayCheck
+    , lir_flat_array_check
+  , end_opFlattenedArrayCheck
+  , begin_opNullFreeArrayCheck
+    , lir_null_free_array_check
+  , end_opNullFreeArrayCheck
+  , begin_opSubstitutabilityCheck
+    , lir_substitutability_check
+  , end_opSubstitutabilityCheck
   , begin_opCompareAndSwap
     , lir_cas_long
     , lir_cas_obj
@@ -997,6 +1011,7 @@ enum LIR_Code {
   , begin_opMDOProfile
     , lir_profile_call
     , lir_profile_type
+    , lir_profile_inline_type
   , end_opMDOProfile
   , begin_opAssert
     , lir_assert
@@ -1135,10 +1150,14 @@ class LIR_Op: public CompilationResourceObj {
   virtual LIR_OpArrayCopy* as_OpArrayCopy() { return nullptr; }
   virtual LIR_OpUpdateCRC32* as_OpUpdateCRC32() { return nullptr; }
   virtual LIR_OpTypeCheck* as_OpTypeCheck() { return nullptr; }
+  virtual LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck* as_OpFlattenedArrayCheck() { return nullptr; }
+  virtual LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck* as_OpNullFreeArrayCheck() { return nullptr; }
+  virtual LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck* as_OpSubstitutabilityCheck() { return nullptr; }
   virtual LIR_OpCompareAndSwap* as_OpCompareAndSwap() { return nullptr; }
   virtual LIR_OpLoadKlass* as_OpLoadKlass() { return nullptr; }
   virtual LIR_OpProfileCall* as_OpProfileCall() { return nullptr; }
   virtual LIR_OpProfileType* as_OpProfileType() { return nullptr; }
+  virtual LIR_OpProfileInlineType* as_OpProfileInlineType() { return nullptr; }
 #ifdef ASSERT
   virtual LIR_OpAssert* as_OpAssert() { return nullptr; }
 #endif
@@ -1208,6 +1227,8 @@ class LIR_OpJavaCall: public LIR_OpCall {
   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* masm);
   virtual LIR_OpJavaCall* as_OpJavaCall() { return this; }
   virtual void print_instr(outputStream* out) const PRODUCT_RETURN;
+
+  bool maybe_return_as_fields(ciInlineKlass** vk = nullptr) const;
 };
 
 // --------------------------------------------------
@@ -1259,7 +1280,10 @@ class LIR_OpArrayCopy: public LIR_Op {
     unaligned              = 1 << 9,
     src_objarray           = 1 << 10,
     dst_objarray           = 1 << 11,
-    all_flags              = (1 << 12) - 1
+    always_slow_path       = 1 << 12,
+    src_inlinetype_check   = 1 << 13,
+    dst_inlinetype_check   = 1 << 14,
+    all_flags              = (1 << 15) - 1
   };
 
   LIR_OpArrayCopy(LIR_Opr src, LIR_Opr src_pos, LIR_Opr dst, LIR_Opr dst_pos, LIR_Opr length, LIR_Opr tmp,
@@ -1514,11 +1538,12 @@ class LIR_OpTypeCheck: public LIR_Op {
   int           _profiled_bci;
   bool          _should_profile;
   bool          _fast_check;
+  bool          _need_null_check;
 
 public:
   LIR_OpTypeCheck(LIR_Code code, LIR_Opr result, LIR_Opr object, ciKlass* klass,
                   LIR_Opr tmp1, LIR_Opr tmp2, LIR_Opr tmp3, bool fast_check,
-                  CodeEmitInfo* info_for_exception, CodeEmitInfo* info_for_patch, CodeStub* stub);
+                  CodeEmitInfo* info_for_exception, CodeEmitInfo* info_for_patch, CodeStub* stub, bool need_null_check = true);
   LIR_OpTypeCheck(LIR_Code code, LIR_Opr object, LIR_Opr array,
                   LIR_Opr tmp1, LIR_Opr tmp2, LIR_Opr tmp3, CodeEmitInfo* info_for_exception);
 
@@ -1540,13 +1565,82 @@ class LIR_OpTypeCheck: public LIR_Op {
   ciMethod* profiled_method() const              { return _profiled_method;   }
   int       profiled_bci() const                 { return _profiled_bci;      }
   bool      should_profile() const               { return _should_profile;    }
-
+  bool      need_null_check() const              { return _need_null_check;   }
   virtual bool is_patching() { return _info_for_patch != nullptr; }
   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* masm);
   virtual LIR_OpTypeCheck* as_OpTypeCheck() { return this; }
   void print_instr(outputStream* out) const PRODUCT_RETURN;
 };
 
+// LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck
+class LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck: public LIR_Op {
+ friend class LIR_OpVisitState;
+
+ private:
+  LIR_Opr       _array;
+  LIR_Opr       _tmp;
+  CodeStub*     _stub;
+public:
+  LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr tmp, CodeStub* stub);
+  LIR_Opr array() const                          { return _array;         }
+  LIR_Opr tmp() const                            { return _tmp;           }
+  CodeStub* stub() const                         { return _stub;          }
+
+  virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* masm);
+  virtual LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck* as_OpFlattenedArrayCheck() { return this; }
+  virtual void print_instr(outputStream* out) const PRODUCT_RETURN;
+};
+
+// LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck
+class LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck: public LIR_Op {
+ friend class LIR_OpVisitState;
+
+ private:
+  LIR_Opr       _array;
+  LIR_Opr       _tmp;
+public:
+  LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr tmp);
+  LIR_Opr array() const                          { return _array;         }
+  LIR_Opr tmp() const                            { return _tmp;           }
+
+  virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* masm);
+  virtual LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck* as_OpNullFreeArrayCheck() { return this; }
+  virtual void print_instr(outputStream* out) const PRODUCT_RETURN;
+};
+
+class LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck: public LIR_Op {
+ friend class LIR_OpVisitState;
+
+ private:
+  LIR_Opr       _left;
+  LIR_Opr       _right;
+  LIR_Opr       _equal_result;
+  LIR_Opr       _not_equal_result;
+  ciKlass*      _left_klass;
+  ciKlass*      _right_klass;
+  LIR_Opr       _tmp1;
+  LIR_Opr       _tmp2;
+  CodeStub*     _stub;
+public:
+  LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck(LIR_Opr result, LIR_Opr left, LIR_Opr right, LIR_Opr equal_result, LIR_Opr not_equal_result,
+                              ciKlass* left_klass, ciKlass* right_klass, LIR_Opr tmp1, LIR_Opr tmp2,
+                              CodeEmitInfo* info, CodeStub* stub);
+
+  LIR_Opr left() const             { return _left; }
+  LIR_Opr right() const            { return _right; }
+  LIR_Opr equal_result() const     { return _equal_result; }
+  LIR_Opr not_equal_result() const { return _not_equal_result; }
+  ciKlass* left_klass() const      { return _left_klass; }
+  ciKlass* right_klass() const     { return _right_klass; }
+  LIR_Opr tmp1() const             { return _tmp1; }
+  LIR_Opr tmp2() const             { return _tmp2; }
+  CodeStub* stub() const           { return _stub; }
+
+  virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* masm);
+  virtual LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck* as_OpSubstitutabilityCheck() { return this; }
+  virtual void print_instr(outputStream* out) const PRODUCT_RETURN;
+};
+
 // LIR_Op2
 class LIR_Op2: public LIR_Op {
  friend class LIR_OpVisitState;
@@ -1705,9 +1799,10 @@ class LIR_OpAllocArray : public LIR_Op {
   CodeStub* _stub;
   BasicType _type;
   bool      _zero_array;
+  bool      _always_slow_path;
 
  public:
-  LIR_OpAllocArray(LIR_Opr klass, LIR_Opr len, LIR_Opr result, LIR_Opr t1, LIR_Opr t2, LIR_Opr t3, LIR_Opr t4, BasicType type, CodeStub* stub, bool zero_array)
+  LIR_OpAllocArray(LIR_Opr klass, LIR_Opr len, LIR_Opr result, LIR_Opr t1, LIR_Opr t2, LIR_Opr t3, LIR_Opr t4, BasicType type, CodeStub* stub, bool zero_array, bool always_slow_path)
     : LIR_Op(lir_alloc_array, result, nullptr)
     , _klass(klass)
     , _len(len)
@@ -1717,7 +1812,8 @@ class LIR_OpAllocArray : public LIR_Op {
     , _tmp4(t4)
     , _stub(stub)
     , _type(type)
-    , _zero_array(zero_array) {}
+    , _zero_array(zero_array)
+    , _always_slow_path(always_slow_path) {}
 
   LIR_Opr   klass()   const                      { return _klass;       }
   LIR_Opr   len()     const                      { return _len;         }
@@ -1728,7 +1824,8 @@ class LIR_OpAllocArray : public LIR_Op {
   LIR_Opr   tmp4()    const                      { return _tmp4;        }
   BasicType type()    const                      { return _type;        }
   CodeStub* stub()    const                      { return _stub;        }
-  bool zero_array()   const                      { return _zero_array;  }
+  bool      zero_array() const                   { return _zero_array;  }
+  bool      always_slow_path() const             { return _always_slow_path; }
 
   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* masm);
   virtual LIR_OpAllocArray * as_OpAllocArray () { return this; }
@@ -1835,20 +1932,23 @@ class LIR_OpLock: public LIR_Op {
   LIR_Opr _lock;
   LIR_Opr _scratch;
   CodeStub* _stub;
+  CodeStub* _throw_ie_stub;
  public:
-  LIR_OpLock(LIR_Code code, LIR_Opr hdr, LIR_Opr obj, LIR_Opr lock, LIR_Opr scratch, CodeStub* stub, CodeEmitInfo* info)
+  LIR_OpLock(LIR_Code code, LIR_Opr hdr, LIR_Opr obj, LIR_Opr lock, LIR_Opr scratch, CodeStub* stub, CodeEmitInfo* info, CodeStub* throw_ie_stub=nullptr)
     : LIR_Op(code, LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr, info)
     , _hdr(hdr)
     , _obj(obj)
     , _lock(lock)
     , _scratch(scratch)
-    , _stub(stub)                      {}
+    , _stub(stub)
+    , _throw_ie_stub(throw_ie_stub)                    {}
 
   LIR_Opr hdr_opr() const                        { return _hdr; }
   LIR_Opr obj_opr() const                        { return _obj; }
   LIR_Opr lock_opr() const                       { return _lock; }
   LIR_Opr scratch_opr() const                    { return _scratch; }
   CodeStub* stub() const                         { return _stub; }
+  CodeStub* throw_ie_stub() const                { return _throw_ie_stub; }
 
   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* masm);
   virtual LIR_OpLock* as_OpLock() { return this; }
@@ -2014,6 +2114,38 @@ class LIR_OpProfileType : public LIR_Op {
   virtual void print_instr(outputStream* out) const PRODUCT_RETURN;
 };
 
+// LIR_OpProfileInlineType
+class LIR_OpProfileInlineType : public LIR_Op {
+ friend class LIR_OpVisitState;
+
+ private:
+  LIR_Opr      _mdp;
+  LIR_Opr      _obj;
+  int          _flag;
+  LIR_Opr      _tmp;
+  bool         _not_null;      // true if we know statically that _obj cannot be null
+
+ public:
+  // Destroys recv
+  LIR_OpProfileInlineType(LIR_Opr mdp, LIR_Opr obj, int flag, LIR_Opr tmp, bool not_null)
+    : LIR_Op(lir_profile_inline_type, LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr, nullptr)  // no result, no info
+    , _mdp(mdp)
+    , _obj(obj)
+    , _flag(flag)
+    , _tmp(tmp)
+    , _not_null(not_null) { }
+
+  LIR_Opr      mdp()              const             { return _mdp;              }
+  LIR_Opr      obj()              const             { return _obj;              }
+  int          flag()             const             { return _flag;             }
+  LIR_Opr      tmp()              const             { return _tmp;              }
+  bool         not_null()         const             { return _not_null;         }
+
+  virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* masm);
+  virtual LIR_OpProfileInlineType* as_OpProfileInlineType() { return this; }
+  virtual void print_instr(outputStream* out) const PRODUCT_RETURN;
+};
+
 class LIR_InsertionBuffer;
 
 //--------------------------------LIR_List---------------------------------------------------
@@ -2238,7 +2370,7 @@ class LIR_List: public CompilationResourceObj {
   void irem(LIR_Opr left, int   right, LIR_Opr res, LIR_Opr tmp, CodeEmitInfo* info);
 
   void allocate_object(LIR_Opr dst, LIR_Opr t1, LIR_Opr t2, LIR_Opr t3, LIR_Opr t4, int header_size, int object_size, LIR_Opr klass, bool init_check, CodeStub* stub);
-  void allocate_array(LIR_Opr dst, LIR_Opr len, LIR_Opr t1,LIR_Opr t2, LIR_Opr t3,LIR_Opr t4, BasicType type, LIR_Opr klass, CodeStub* stub, bool zero_array = true);
+  void allocate_array(LIR_Opr dst, LIR_Opr len, LIR_Opr t1,LIR_Opr t2, LIR_Opr t3,LIR_Opr t4, BasicType type, LIR_Opr klass, CodeStub* stub, bool zero_array = true, bool always_slow_path = false);
 
   // jump is an unconditional branch
   void jump(BlockBegin* block) {
@@ -2285,7 +2417,7 @@ class LIR_List: public CompilationResourceObj {
 
   void load_stack_address_monitor(int monitor_ix, LIR_Opr dst)  { append(new LIR_Op1(lir_monaddr, LIR_OprFact::intConst(monitor_ix), dst)); }
   void unlock_object(LIR_Opr hdr, LIR_Opr obj, LIR_Opr lock, LIR_Opr scratch, CodeStub* stub);
-  void lock_object(LIR_Opr hdr, LIR_Opr obj, LIR_Opr lock, LIR_Opr scratch, CodeStub* stub, CodeEmitInfo* info);
+  void lock_object(LIR_Opr hdr, LIR_Opr obj, LIR_Opr lock, LIR_Opr scratch, CodeStub* stub, CodeEmitInfo* info, CodeStub* throw_ie_stub=nullptr);
 
   void breakpoint()                                                  { append(new LIR_Op0(lir_breakpoint)); }
 
@@ -2295,11 +2427,16 @@ class LIR_List: public CompilationResourceObj {
 
   void instanceof(LIR_Opr result, LIR_Opr object, ciKlass* klass, LIR_Opr tmp1, LIR_Opr tmp2, LIR_Opr tmp3, bool fast_check, CodeEmitInfo* info_for_patch, ciMethod* profiled_method, int profiled_bci);
   void store_check(LIR_Opr object, LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr tmp1, LIR_Opr tmp2, LIR_Opr tmp3, CodeEmitInfo* info_for_exception, ciMethod* profiled_method, int profiled_bci);
+  void check_flat_array(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr tmp, CodeStub* stub);
+  void check_null_free_array(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr tmp);
+  void substitutability_check(LIR_Opr result, LIR_Opr left, LIR_Opr right, LIR_Opr equal_result, LIR_Opr not_equal_result,
+                              ciKlass* left_klass, ciKlass* right_klass, LIR_Opr tmp1, LIR_Opr tmp2,
+                              CodeEmitInfo* info, CodeStub* stub);
 
   void checkcast (LIR_Opr result, LIR_Opr object, ciKlass* klass,
                   LIR_Opr tmp1, LIR_Opr tmp2, LIR_Opr tmp3, bool fast_check,
                   CodeEmitInfo* info_for_exception, CodeEmitInfo* info_for_patch, CodeStub* stub,
-                  ciMethod* profiled_method, int profiled_bci);
+                  ciMethod* profiled_method, int profiled_bci, bool is_null_free);
   // MethodData* profiling
   void profile_call(ciMethod* method, int bci, ciMethod* callee, LIR_Opr mdo, LIR_Opr recv, LIR_Opr t1, ciKlass* cha_klass) {
     append(new LIR_OpProfileCall(method, bci, callee, mdo, recv, t1, cha_klass));
@@ -2307,6 +2444,9 @@ class LIR_List: public CompilationResourceObj {
   void profile_type(LIR_Address* mdp, LIR_Opr obj, ciKlass* exact_klass, intptr_t current_klass, LIR_Opr tmp, bool not_null, bool no_conflict) {
     append(new LIR_OpProfileType(LIR_OprFact::address(mdp), obj, exact_klass, current_klass, tmp, not_null, no_conflict));
   }
+  void profile_inline_type(LIR_Address* mdp, LIR_Opr obj, int flag, LIR_Opr tmp, bool not_null) {
+    append(new LIR_OpProfileInlineType(LIR_OprFact::address(mdp), obj, flag, tmp, not_null));
+  }
 
   void xadd(LIR_Opr src, LIR_Opr add, LIR_Opr res, LIR_Opr tmp) { append(new LIR_Op2(lir_xadd, src, add, res, tmp)); }
   void xchg(LIR_Opr src, LIR_Opr set, LIR_Opr res, LIR_Opr tmp) { append(new LIR_Op2(lir_xchg, src, set, res, tmp)); }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRAssembler.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRAssembler.cpp
index e22b5103514..1a7608f80e4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRAssembler.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRAssembler.cpp
@@ -29,9 +29,12 @@
 #include "c1/c1_LIRAssembler.hpp"
 #include "c1/c1_MacroAssembler.hpp"
 #include "c1/c1_ValueStack.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciUtilities.inline.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compilerDefinitions.inline.hpp"
 #include "compiler/oopMap.hpp"
 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
+#include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
 
 void LIR_Assembler::patching_epilog(PatchingStub* patch, LIR_PatchCode patch_code, Register obj, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
@@ -117,6 +120,7 @@ LIR_Assembler::~LIR_Assembler() {
   // The unwind handler label may be unnbound if this destructor is invoked because of a bail-out.
   // Reset it here to avoid an assertion.
   _unwind_handler_entry.reset();
+  _verified_inline_entry.reset();
 }
 
 
@@ -337,10 +341,9 @@ void LIR_Assembler::add_debug_info_for_branch(CodeEmitInfo* info) {
   }
 }
 
-
-void LIR_Assembler::add_call_info(int pc_offset, CodeEmitInfo* cinfo) {
+void LIR_Assembler::add_call_info(int pc_offset, CodeEmitInfo* cinfo, bool maybe_return_as_fields) {
   flush_debug_info(pc_offset);
-  cinfo->record_debug_info(compilation()->debug_info_recorder(), pc_offset);
+  cinfo->record_debug_info(compilation()->debug_info_recorder(), pc_offset, maybe_return_as_fields);
   if (cinfo->exception_handlers() != nullptr) {
     compilation()->add_exception_handlers_for_pco(pc_offset, cinfo->exception_handlers());
   }
@@ -478,6 +481,12 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_call(LIR_OpJavaCall* op) {
     fatal("unexpected op code: %s", op->name());
     break;
   }
+
+  ciInlineKlass* vk = nullptr;
+  if (op->maybe_return_as_fields(&vk)) {
+    int offset = store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(vk);
+    add_call_info(offset, op->info(), true);
+  }
 }
 
 
@@ -567,6 +576,140 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_op1(LIR_Op1* op) {
   }
 }
 
+void LIR_Assembler::add_scalarized_debug_info(int pc_offset) {
+  // The VEP and VIEP(RO) of a C1-compiled method call buffer_inline_args_xxx()
+  // before doing any argument shuffling. This call may cause GC. When GC happens,
+  // all the parameters are still as passed by the caller, so we just use
+  // map->set_include_argument_oops() inside frame::sender_for_compiled_frame(RegisterMap* map).
+  // Deoptimization is delayed until we enter the method body, so we only need a
+  // scope for stack walking here. There are no materialized locals, expression
+  // stack entries, or monitors yet.
+  flush_debug_info(pc_offset);
+  OopMap* oop_map = new OopMap(0, 0);
+  DebugInformationRecorder* debug_info = compilation()->debug_info_recorder();
+  debug_info->add_safepoint(pc_offset, oop_map);
+  bool reexecute = false;
+  debug_info->describe_scope(pc_offset, methodHandle(), method(), 0, reexecute);
+  debug_info->end_safepoint(pc_offset);
+}
+
+// The entries points of C1-compiled methods can have the following types:
+// (1) Methods with no inline type args
+// (2) Methods with inline type receiver but no inline type args
+//     VIEP_RO is the same as VIEP
+// (3) Methods with non-inline type receiver and some inline type args
+//     VIEP_RO is the same as VEP
+// (4) Methods with inline type receiver and other inline type args
+//     Separate VEP, VIEP and VIEP_RO
+//
+// (1)               (2)                 (3)                    (4)
+// UEP/UIEP:         VEP:                UEP:                   UEP:
+//   check_icache      pack receiver       check_icache           check_icache
+// VEP/VIEP/VIEP_RO    jump to VIEP      VEP/VIEP_RO:           VIEP_RO:
+//   body            UEP/UIEP:             pack inline args       pack inline args (except receiver)
+//                     check_icache        jump to VIEP           jump to VIEP
+//                   VIEP/VIEP_RO        UIEP:                  VEP:
+//                     body                check_icache           pack all inline args
+//                                       VIEP:                    jump to VIEP
+//                                         body                 UIEP:
+//                                                                check_icache
+//                                                              VIEP:
+//                                                                body
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_std_entries() {
+  offsets()->set_value(CodeOffsets::OSR_Entry, _masm->offset());
+
+  _masm->align(CodeEntryAlignment);
+
+  if (method()->has_scalarized_args()) {
+    VM_ENTRY_MARK;
+    assert(InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, "must be");
+    CompiledEntrySignature ces(method()->get_Method());
+    ces.compute_calling_conventions(false);
+    CodeOffsets::Entries ro_entry_type = ces.c1_inline_ro_entry_type();
+
+    // UEP: check icache and fall-through
+    if (ro_entry_type != CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry) {
+      offsets()->set_value(CodeOffsets::Entry, _masm->offset());
+      if (needs_icache(method())) {
+        check_icache();
+      }
+    }
+
+    // VIEP_RO: pack all value parameters, except the receiver
+    if (ro_entry_type == CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry_RO) {
+      emit_std_entry(CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry_RO, &ces);
+    }
+
+    // VEP: pack all value parameters
+    _masm->align(CodeEntryAlignment);
+    emit_std_entry(CodeOffsets::Verified_Entry, &ces);
+
+    // UIEP: check icache and fall-through
+    _masm->align(CodeEntryAlignment);
+    offsets()->set_value(CodeOffsets::Inline_Entry, _masm->offset());
+    if (ro_entry_type == CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry) {
+      // Special case if we have VIEP == VIEP(RO):
+      // this means UIEP (called by C1) == UEP (called by C2).
+      offsets()->set_value(CodeOffsets::Entry, _masm->offset());
+    }
+    if (needs_icache(method())) {
+      check_icache();
+    }
+
+    // VIEP: all value parameters are passed as refs - no packing.
+    emit_std_entry(CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry, nullptr);
+
+    if (ro_entry_type != CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry_RO) {
+      // The VIEP(RO) is the same as VEP or VIEP
+      assert(ro_entry_type == CodeOffsets::Verified_Entry ||
+             ro_entry_type == CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry, "must be");
+      offsets()->set_value(CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry_RO,
+                           offsets()->value(ro_entry_type));
+    }
+  } else {
+    // All 3 entries are the same (no inline type packing)
+    offsets()->set_value(CodeOffsets::Entry, _masm->offset());
+    offsets()->set_value(CodeOffsets::Inline_Entry, _masm->offset());
+    if (needs_icache(method())) {
+      check_icache();
+    }
+    emit_std_entry(CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry, nullptr);
+    offsets()->set_value(CodeOffsets::Verified_Entry, offsets()->value(CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry));
+    offsets()->set_value(CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry_RO, offsets()->value(CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry));
+  }
+}
+
+void LIR_Assembler::emit_std_entry(CodeOffsets::Entries entry, const CompiledEntrySignature* ces) {
+  offsets()->set_value(entry, _masm->offset());
+  _masm->verified_entry(compilation()->directive()->BreakAtExecuteOption);
+  switch (entry) {
+  case CodeOffsets::Verified_Entry: {
+    if (needs_clinit_barrier_on_entry(method())) {
+      clinit_barrier(method());
+    }
+    int rt_call_offset = _masm->verified_entry(ces, initial_frame_size_in_bytes(), bang_size_in_bytes(), in_bytes(frame_map()->sp_offset_for_orig_pc()), _verified_inline_entry);
+    add_scalarized_debug_info(rt_call_offset);
+    break;
+  }
+  case CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry_RO: {
+    assert(!needs_clinit_barrier_on_entry(method()), "can't be static");
+    int rt_call_offset = _masm->verified_inline_ro_entry(ces, initial_frame_size_in_bytes(), bang_size_in_bytes(), in_bytes(frame_map()->sp_offset_for_orig_pc()), _verified_inline_entry);
+    add_scalarized_debug_info(rt_call_offset);
+    break;
+  }
+  case CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry: {
+    if (needs_clinit_barrier_on_entry(method())) {
+      clinit_barrier(method());
+    }
+    build_frame();
+    offsets()->set_value(CodeOffsets::Frame_Complete, _masm->offset());
+    break;
+  }
+  default:
+    ShouldNotReachHere();
+    break;
+  }
+}
 
 void LIR_Assembler::emit_op0(LIR_Op0* op) {
   switch (op->code()) {
@@ -579,23 +722,9 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_op0(LIR_Op0* op) {
       Unimplemented();
       break;
 
-    case lir_std_entry: {
-      // init offsets
-      offsets()->set_value(CodeOffsets::OSR_Entry, _masm->offset());
-      if (needs_icache(compilation()->method())) {
-        int offset = check_icache();
-        offsets()->set_value(CodeOffsets::Entry, offset);
-      }
-      _masm->align(CodeEntryAlignment);
-      offsets()->set_value(CodeOffsets::Verified_Entry, _masm->offset());
-      _masm->verified_entry(compilation()->directive()->BreakAtExecuteOption);
-      if (needs_clinit_barrier_on_entry(compilation()->method())) {
-        clinit_barrier(compilation()->method());
-      }
-      build_frame();
-      offsets()->set_value(CodeOffsets::Frame_Complete, _masm->offset());
+    case lir_std_entry:
+      emit_std_entries();
       break;
-    }
 
     case lir_osr_entry:
       offsets()->set_value(CodeOffsets::OSR_Entry, _masm->offset());
@@ -642,6 +771,10 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_op0(LIR_Op0* op) {
       on_spin_wait();
       break;
 
+    case lir_check_orig_pc:
+      check_orig_pc();
+      break;
+
     default:
       ShouldNotReachHere();
       break;
@@ -727,7 +860,8 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_op4(LIR_Op4* op) {
 }
 
 void LIR_Assembler::build_frame() {
-  _masm->build_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes(), bang_size_in_bytes());
+  _masm->build_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes(), bang_size_in_bytes(), in_bytes(frame_map()->sp_offset_for_orig_pc()),
+                     needs_stack_repair(), method()->has_scalarized_args(), &_verified_inline_entry);
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRAssembler.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRAssembler.hpp
index 4cb313af901..6b98a0b97dd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRAssembler.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRAssembler.hpp
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 
 class Compilation;
+class CompiledEntrySignature;
 class ScopeValue;
 
 class LIR_Assembler: public CompilationResourceObj {
@@ -47,6 +48,7 @@ class LIR_Assembler: public CompilationResourceObj {
   int                _immediate_oops_patched;
 
   Label              _unwind_handler_entry;
+  Label              _verified_inline_entry;
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
   BlockList          _branch_target_blocks;
@@ -91,6 +93,10 @@ class LIR_Assembler: public CompilationResourceObj {
 
   void emit_stubs(CodeStubList* stub_list);
 
+  bool needs_stack_repair() const {
+    return method()->c1_needs_stack_repair();
+  }
+
  public:
   // addresses
   Address as_Address(LIR_Address* addr);
@@ -98,7 +104,7 @@ class LIR_Assembler: public CompilationResourceObj {
   Address as_Address_hi(LIR_Address* addr);
 
   // debug information
-  void add_call_info(int pc_offset, CodeEmitInfo* cinfo);
+  void add_call_info(int pc_offset, CodeEmitInfo* cinfo, bool maybe_return_as_fields = false);
   void add_debug_info_for_branch(CodeEmitInfo* info);
   void add_debug_info_for_div0(int pc_offset, CodeEmitInfo* cinfo);
   void add_debug_info_for_div0_here(CodeEmitInfo* info);
@@ -195,6 +201,9 @@ class LIR_Assembler: public CompilationResourceObj {
   void emit_alloc_obj(LIR_OpAllocObj* op);
   void emit_alloc_array(LIR_OpAllocArray* op);
   void emit_opTypeCheck(LIR_OpTypeCheck* op);
+  void emit_opFlattenedArrayCheck(LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck* op);
+  void emit_opNullFreeArrayCheck(LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck* op);
+  void emit_opSubstitutabilityCheck(LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck* op);
   void emit_typecheck_helper(LIR_OpTypeCheck *op, Label* success, Label* failure, Label* obj_is_null);
   void emit_compare_and_swap(LIR_OpCompareAndSwap* op);
   void emit_lock(LIR_OpLock* op);
@@ -203,6 +212,10 @@ class LIR_Assembler: public CompilationResourceObj {
   void emit_rtcall(LIR_OpRTCall* op);
   void emit_profile_call(LIR_OpProfileCall* op);
   void emit_profile_type(LIR_OpProfileType* op);
+  void emit_profile_inline_type(LIR_OpProfileInlineType* op);
+  void emit_std_entries();
+  void emit_std_entry(CodeOffsets::Entries entry, const CompiledEntrySignature* ces);
+  void add_scalarized_debug_info(int call_offset);
 
   void arith_op(LIR_Code code, LIR_Opr left, LIR_Opr right, LIR_Opr dest, CodeEmitInfo* info);
   void arithmetic_idiv(LIR_Code code, LIR_Opr left, LIR_Opr right, LIR_Opr temp, LIR_Opr result, CodeEmitInfo* info);
@@ -223,6 +236,7 @@ class LIR_Assembler: public CompilationResourceObj {
   void call(        LIR_OpJavaCall* op, relocInfo::relocType rtype);
   void ic_call(     LIR_OpJavaCall* op);
   void vtable_call( LIR_OpJavaCall* op);
+  int  store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(ciInlineKlass* vk);
 
   void osr_entry();
 
@@ -249,6 +263,7 @@ class LIR_Assembler: public CompilationResourceObj {
   void membar_storeload();
   void on_spin_wait();
   void get_thread(LIR_Opr result);
+  void check_orig_pc();
 
   void verify_oop_map(CodeEmitInfo* info);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp
index de3b08e08e8..0227615241c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp
@@ -30,8 +30,11 @@
 #include "c1/c1_LIRGenerator.hpp"
 #include "c1/c1_ValueStack.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciFlatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciInstance.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciObjArray.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciUtilities.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compilerDefinitions.inline.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compilerOracle.hpp"
@@ -39,6 +42,7 @@
 #include "gc/shared/c1/barrierSetC1.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/methodCounters.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
 #include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
@@ -215,6 +219,8 @@ void LIRItem::set_result(LIR_Opr opr) {
 }
 
 void LIRItem::load_item() {
+  assert(!_gen->in_conditional_code(), "LIRItem cannot be loaded in conditional code");
+
   if (result()->is_illegal()) {
     // update the items result
     _result = value()->operand();
@@ -622,12 +628,13 @@ void LIRGenerator::logic_op (Bytecodes::Code code, LIR_Opr result_op, LIR_Opr le
 }
 
 
-void LIRGenerator::monitor_enter(LIR_Opr object, LIR_Opr lock, LIR_Opr hdr, LIR_Opr scratch, int monitor_no, CodeEmitInfo* info_for_exception, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+void LIRGenerator::monitor_enter(LIR_Opr object, LIR_Opr lock, LIR_Opr hdr, LIR_Opr scratch, int monitor_no,
+                                 CodeEmitInfo* info_for_exception, CodeEmitInfo* info, CodeStub* throw_ie_stub) {
   // for slow path, use debug info for state after successful locking
-  CodeStub* slow_path = new MonitorEnterStub(object, lock, info);
+  CodeStub* slow_path = new MonitorEnterStub(object, lock, info, throw_ie_stub, scratch);
   __ load_stack_address_monitor(monitor_no, lock);
   // for handling NullPointerException, use debug info representing just the lock stack before this monitorenter
-  __ lock_object(hdr, object, lock, scratch, slow_path, info_for_exception);
+  __ lock_object(hdr, object, lock, scratch, slow_path, info_for_exception, throw_ie_stub);
 }
 
 
@@ -650,10 +657,15 @@ void LIRGenerator::print_if_not_loaded(const NewInstance* new_instance) {
 }
 #endif
 
-void LIRGenerator::new_instance(LIR_Opr dst, ciInstanceKlass* klass, bool is_unresolved, LIR_Opr scratch1, LIR_Opr scratch2, LIR_Opr scratch3, LIR_Opr scratch4, LIR_Opr klass_reg, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
-  klass2reg_with_patching(klass_reg, klass, info, is_unresolved);
-  // If klass is not loaded we do not know if the klass has finalizers:
-  if (UseFastNewInstance && klass->is_loaded()
+void LIRGenerator::new_instance(LIR_Opr dst, ciInstanceKlass* klass, bool is_unresolved, bool allow_inline, LIR_Opr scratch1, LIR_Opr scratch2, LIR_Opr scratch3, LIR_Opr scratch4, LIR_Opr klass_reg, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  if (allow_inline) {
+    assert(!is_unresolved && klass->is_loaded(), "inline type klass should be resolved");
+    __ metadata2reg(klass->constant_encoding(), klass_reg);
+  } else {
+    klass2reg_with_patching(klass_reg, klass, info, is_unresolved);
+  }
+  // If klass is not loaded we do not know if the klass has finalizers or is an unexpected inline klass
+  if (UseFastNewInstance && klass->is_loaded() && (allow_inline || !klass->is_inlinetype())
       && !Klass::layout_helper_needs_slow_path(klass->layout_helper())) {
 
     StubId stub_id = klass->is_initialized() ? StubId::c1_fast_new_instance_id : StubId::c1_fast_new_instance_init_check_id;
@@ -668,7 +680,7 @@ void LIRGenerator::new_instance(LIR_Opr dst, ciInstanceKlass* klass, bool is_unr
                        oopDesc::header_size(), instance_size, klass_reg, !klass->is_initialized(), slow_path);
   } else {
     CodeStub* slow_path = new NewInstanceStub(klass_reg, dst, klass, info, StubId::c1_new_instance_id);
-    __ branch(lir_cond_always, slow_path);
+    __ jump(slow_path);
     __ branch_destination(slow_path->continuation());
   }
 }
@@ -760,6 +772,11 @@ void LIRGenerator::arraycopy_helper(Intrinsic* x, int* flagsp, ciArrayKlass** ex
     if (expected_type == nullptr) expected_type = src_declared_type;
     if (expected_type == nullptr) expected_type = dst_declared_type;
 
+    if (expected_type != nullptr && expected_type->is_obj_array_klass()) {
+      // For a direct pointer comparison, we need the refined array klass pointer
+      expected_type = ciObjArrayKlass::make(expected_type->as_array_klass()->element_klass());
+    }
+
     src_objarray = (src_exact_type && src_exact_type->is_obj_array_klass()) || (src_declared_type && src_declared_type->is_obj_array_klass());
     dst_objarray = (dst_exact_type && dst_exact_type->is_obj_array_klass()) || (dst_declared_type && dst_declared_type->is_obj_array_klass());
   }
@@ -768,6 +785,18 @@ void LIRGenerator::arraycopy_helper(Intrinsic* x, int* flagsp, ciArrayKlass** ex
   // of the required checks for a fast case can be elided.
   int flags = LIR_OpArrayCopy::all_flags;
 
+  // TODO 8251971 Compare ArrayKlass::properties() of source and destination
+  // array here instead, see also LIR_Assembler::arraycopy_inlinetype_check
+  if (!src->is_loaded_flat_array() && !dst->is_loaded_flat_array()) {
+    flags &= ~LIR_OpArrayCopy::always_slow_path;
+  }
+  if (!src->maybe_flat_array()) {
+    flags &= ~LIR_OpArrayCopy::src_inlinetype_check;
+  }
+  if (!dst->maybe_flat_array() && !dst->maybe_null_free_array()) {
+    flags &= ~LIR_OpArrayCopy::dst_inlinetype_check;
+  }
+
   if (!src_objarray)
     flags &= ~LIR_OpArrayCopy::src_objarray;
   if (!dst_objarray)
@@ -1460,7 +1489,7 @@ LIR_Opr LIRGenerator::load_constant(Constant* x) {
 
 LIR_Opr LIRGenerator::load_constant(LIR_Const* c) {
   BasicType t = c->type();
-  for (int i = 0; i < _constants.length(); i++) {
+  for (int i = 0; i < _constants.length() && !in_conditional_code(); i++) {
     LIR_Const* other = _constants.at(i);
     if (t == other->type()) {
       switch (t) {
@@ -1485,11 +1514,19 @@ LIR_Opr LIRGenerator::load_constant(LIR_Const* c) {
 
   LIR_Opr result = new_register(t);
   __ move((LIR_Opr)c, result);
-  _constants.append(c);
-  _reg_for_constants.append(result);
+  if (!in_conditional_code()) {
+    _constants.append(c);
+    _reg_for_constants.append(result);
+  }
   return result;
 }
 
+void LIRGenerator::set_in_conditional_code(bool v) {
+  assert(v != _in_conditional_code, "must change state");
+  _in_conditional_code = v;
+}
+
+
 //------------------------field access--------------------------------------
 
 void LIRGenerator::do_CompareAndSwap(Intrinsic* x, ValueType* type) {
@@ -1507,6 +1544,18 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_CompareAndSwap(Intrinsic* x, ValueType* type) {
   set_result(x, result);
 }
 
+// Returns an int/long value with the null marker bit set.
+static LIR_Opr null_marker_mask(BasicType bt, int nm_offset) {
+  assert(nm_offset >= 0, "field does not have null marker");
+  jlong null_marker = 1ULL << (nm_offset << LogBitsPerByte);
+  return (bt == T_LONG) ? LIR_OprFact::longConst(null_marker) : LIR_OprFact::intConst(null_marker);
+}
+
+static LIR_Opr null_marker_mask(BasicType bt, ciField* field) {
+  assert(field->null_marker_offset() != -1, "field does not have null marker");
+  return null_marker_mask(bt, field->null_marker_offset() - field->offset_in_bytes());
+}
+
 // Comment copied form templateTable_i486.cpp
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Volatile variables demand their effects be made known to all CPU's in
@@ -1536,8 +1585,9 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_CompareAndSwap(Intrinsic* x, ValueType* type) {
 
 
 void LIRGenerator::do_StoreField(StoreField* x) {
+  ciField* field = x->field();
   bool needs_patching = x->needs_patching();
-  bool is_volatile = x->field()->is_volatile();
+  bool is_volatile = field->is_volatile();
   BasicType field_type = x->field_type();
 
   CodeEmitInfo* info = nullptr;
@@ -1558,18 +1608,22 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_StoreField(StoreField* x) {
 
   object.load_item();
 
-  if (is_volatile || needs_patching) {
-    // load item if field is volatile (fewer special cases for volatiles)
-    // load item if field not initialized
-    // load item if field not constant
-    // because of code patching we cannot inline constants
-    if (field_type == T_BYTE || field_type == T_BOOLEAN) {
-      value.load_byte_item();
-    } else  {
-      value.load_item();
-    }
+  if (field->is_flat()) {
+    value.load_item();
   } else {
-    value.load_for_store(field_type);
+    if (is_volatile || needs_patching) {
+      // load item if field is volatile (fewer special cases for volatiles)
+      // load item if field not initialized
+      // load item if field not constant
+      // because of code patching we cannot inline constants
+      if (field_type == T_BYTE || field_type == T_BOOLEAN) {
+        value.load_byte_item();
+      } else  {
+        value.load_item();
+      }
+    } else {
+      value.load_for_store(field_type);
+    }
   }
 
   set_no_result(x);
@@ -1598,18 +1652,264 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_StoreField(StoreField* x) {
     decorators |= C1_NEEDS_PATCHING;
   }
 
+  if (field->is_flat()) {
+    ciInlineKlass* vk = field->type()->as_inline_klass();
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    assert(field->is_atomic(), "No atomic access required %s.%s", field->holder()->name()->as_utf8(), field->name()->as_utf8());
+    // ZGC does not support compressed oops, so only one oop can be in the payload which is written by a "normal" oop store.
+    assert(!vk->contains_oops() || !UseZGC, "ZGC does not support embedded oops in flat fields");
+#endif
+
+    // Zero the payload
+    BasicType bt = vk->atomic_size_to_basic_type(field->is_null_free());
+    LIR_Opr payload = new_register((bt == T_LONG) ? bt : T_INT);
+    LIR_Opr zero = (bt == T_LONG) ? LIR_OprFact::longConst(0) : LIR_OprFact::intConst(0);
+    __ move(zero, payload);
+
+    bool is_constant_null = value.is_constant() && value.value()->is_null_obj();
+    if (!is_constant_null) {
+      LabelObj* L_isNull = new LabelObj();
+      bool needs_null_check = !value.is_constant();
+      if (needs_null_check) {
+        __ cmp(lir_cond_equal, value.result(), LIR_OprFact::oopConst(nullptr));
+        __ branch(lir_cond_equal, L_isNull->label());
+      }
+      // Load payload (if not empty) and set null marker (if not null-free)
+      if (!vk->is_empty()) {
+        access_load_at(decorators, bt, value, LIR_OprFact::intConst(vk->payload_offset()), payload);
+      }
+      if (!field->is_null_free()) {
+        __ logical_or(payload, null_marker_mask(bt, field), payload);
+      }
+      if (needs_null_check) {
+        __ branch_destination(L_isNull->label());
+      }
+    }
+    access_store_at(decorators, bt, object, LIR_OprFact::intConst(x->offset()), payload,
+                    // Make sure to emit an implicit null check and pass the information
+                    // that this is a flat store that might require gc barriers for oop fields.
+                    info != nullptr ? new CodeEmitInfo(info) : nullptr, info, vk);
+    return;
+  }
+
   access_store_at(decorators, field_type, object, LIR_OprFact::intConst(x->offset()),
                   value.result(), info != nullptr ? new CodeEmitInfo(info) : nullptr, info);
 }
 
+// Wrap an already computed address register as a C1 Instruction so it
+// can be passed as LIRItem into access_load_at() / access_store_at().
+class ComputedAddressValue: public Instruction {
+ public:
+  ComputedAddressValue(ValueType* type, LIR_Opr addr) : Instruction(type) {
+    set_operand(addr);
+  }
+  virtual void input_values_do(ValueVisitor*) {}
+  virtual void visit(InstructionVisitor* v)   {}
+  virtual const char* name() const { return "ComputedAddressValue"; }
+};
+
+LIR_Opr LIRGenerator::get_and_load_element_address(LIRItem& array, LIRItem& index) {
+#ifndef _LP64
+  // We need to be careful with overflows in 32-bit arithmetic
+  Unimplemented();
+#endif
+  ciType* array_type = array.value()->declared_type();
+  ciFlatArrayKlass* flat_array_klass = array_type->as_flat_array_klass();
+  assert(flat_array_klass->is_loaded(), "must be");
+
+  int array_header_size = flat_array_klass->array_header_in_bytes();
+  int shift = flat_array_klass->log2_element_size();
+
+  LIR_Opr index_op = new_register(T_LONG);
+  if (index.result()->is_constant()) {
+    jint const_index = index.result()->as_jint();
+    __ move(LIR_OprFact::longConst(static_cast<jlong>(const_index) << shift), index_op);
+  } else {
+    __ convert(Bytecodes::_i2l, index.result(), index_op);
+    // Need to shift manually, as LIR_Address can scale only up to 3.
+    __ shift_left(index_op, shift, index_op);
+  }
+
+  LIR_Opr elm_op = new_pointer_register();
+  LIR_Address* elm_address = generate_address(array.result(), index_op, 0, array_header_size, T_ADDRESS);
+  __ leal(LIR_OprFact::address(elm_address), elm_op);
+  return elm_op;
+}
+
+void LIRGenerator::access_sub_element(LIRItem& array, LIRItem& index, LIR_Opr& result, ciField* field, size_t sub_offset) {
+  assert(field != nullptr, "Need a subelement type specified");
+
+  // Find the starting address of the source (inside the array)
+  LIR_Opr elm_op = get_and_load_element_address(array, index);
+
+  BasicType subelt_type = field->type()->basic_type();
+  ComputedAddressValue* elm_resolved_addr = new ComputedAddressValue(as_ValueType(subelt_type), elm_op);
+  LIRItem elm_item(elm_resolved_addr, this);
+
+  DecoratorSet decorators = IN_HEAP;
+  access_load_at(decorators, subelt_type,
+                 elm_item, LIR_OprFact::longConst(sub_offset), result,
+                 nullptr, nullptr);
+}
+
+LIR_Opr LIRGenerator::access_flat_array(bool is_load, LIRItem& array, LIRItem& index, LIRItem& obj_item,
+                                        ciField* field, size_t sub_offset) {
+  assert(sub_offset == 0 || field != nullptr, "Sanity check");
+
+  // Find the starting address of the source (inside the array)
+  LIR_Opr elm_op = get_and_load_element_address(array, index);
+
+  ciFlatArrayKlass* array_klass = array.value()->declared_type()->as_flat_array_klass();
+  ciInlineKlass* elem_klass = nullptr;
+  if (field != nullptr) {
+    elem_klass = field->type()->as_inline_klass();
+  } else {
+    elem_klass = array_klass->element_klass()->as_inline_klass();
+  }
+
+  bool null_free = array_klass->is_elem_null_free();
+  bool atomic = array_klass->is_elem_atomic();
+  assert(null_free || atomic, "nullable flat arrays must use an atomic layout");
+  if (atomic) {
+    assert(field == nullptr && sub_offset == 0, "delayed sub-element access is only supported for non-atomic arrays");
+    BasicType bt = elem_klass->atomic_size_to_basic_type(null_free);
+    LIR_Opr payload = new_register((bt == T_LONG) ? bt : T_INT);
+    ComputedAddressValue* elm_resolved_addr = new ComputedAddressValue(as_ValueType(bt), elm_op);
+    LIRItem elm_item(elm_resolved_addr, this);
+    DecoratorSet decorators = IN_HEAP;
+    if (is_load) {
+      access_load_at(decorators, bt, elm_item, LIR_OprFact::intConst(0), payload, nullptr, nullptr);
+      access_store_at(decorators, bt, obj_item, LIR_OprFact::intConst(elem_klass->payload_offset()), payload,
+                      nullptr, nullptr, elem_klass);
+      // Null check is performed in the caller
+    } else {
+      // Zero the payload
+      LIR_Opr zero = (bt == T_LONG) ? LIR_OprFact::longConst(0) : LIR_OprFact::intConst(0);
+      __ move(zero, payload);
+
+      if (null_free) {
+        if (!elem_klass->is_empty()) {
+          access_load_at(decorators, bt, obj_item, LIR_OprFact::intConst(elem_klass->payload_offset()), payload);
+        }
+      } else {
+        bool is_constant_null = obj_item.is_constant() && obj_item.value()->is_null_obj();
+        if (!is_constant_null) {
+          LabelObj* L_isNull = new LabelObj();
+          bool needs_null_check = !obj_item.is_constant();
+          if (needs_null_check) {
+            __ cmp(lir_cond_equal, obj_item.result(), LIR_OprFact::oopConst(nullptr));
+            __ branch(lir_cond_equal, L_isNull->label());
+          }
+          // Load payload (if not empty) and set null marker.
+          if (!elem_klass->is_empty()) {
+            access_load_at(decorators, bt, obj_item, LIR_OprFact::intConst(elem_klass->payload_offset()), payload);
+          }
+          __ logical_or(payload, null_marker_mask(bt, elem_klass->null_marker_offset_in_payload()), payload);
+          if (needs_null_check) {
+            __ branch_destination(L_isNull->label());
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      access_store_at(decorators, bt, elm_item, LIR_OprFact::intConst(0), payload, nullptr, nullptr, elem_klass);
+    }
+    return payload;
+  }
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < elem_klass->nof_nonstatic_fields(); i++) {
+    ciField* inner_field = elem_klass->nonstatic_field_at(i);
+    assert(!inner_field->is_flat(), "flat fields must have been expanded");
+    int obj_offset = inner_field->offset_in_bytes();
+    size_t elm_offset = obj_offset - elem_klass->payload_offset() + sub_offset; // object header is not stored in array.
+    BasicType field_type = inner_field->type()->basic_type();
+
+    // Types which are smaller than int are still passed in an int register.
+    BasicType reg_type = field_type;
+    switch (reg_type) {
+    case T_BYTE:
+    case T_BOOLEAN:
+    case T_SHORT:
+    case T_CHAR:
+      reg_type = T_INT;
+      break;
+    default:
+      break;
+    }
+
+    LIR_Opr temp = new_register(reg_type);
+    ComputedAddressValue* elm_resolved_addr = new ComputedAddressValue(as_ValueType(field_type), elm_op);
+    LIRItem elm_item(elm_resolved_addr, this);
+
+    DecoratorSet decorators = IN_HEAP;
+    if (is_load) {
+      access_load_at(decorators, field_type,
+                     elm_item, LIR_OprFact::longConst(elm_offset), temp,
+                     nullptr, nullptr);
+      access_store_at(decorators, field_type,
+                      obj_item, LIR_OprFact::intConst(obj_offset), temp,
+                      nullptr, nullptr);
+    } else {
+      access_load_at(decorators, field_type,
+                     obj_item, LIR_OprFact::intConst(obj_offset), temp,
+                     nullptr, nullptr);
+      access_store_at(decorators, field_type,
+                      elm_item, LIR_OprFact::longConst(elm_offset), temp,
+                      nullptr, nullptr);
+    }
+  }
+  return LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr;
+}
+
+void LIRGenerator::check_flat_array(LIR_Opr array, CodeStub* slow_path) {
+  LIR_Opr tmp = new_register(T_METADATA);
+  __ check_flat_array(array, tmp, slow_path);
+}
+
+void LIRGenerator::check_null_free_array(LIRItem& array, LIRItem& value, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  LabelObj* L_end = new LabelObj();
+  LIR_Opr tmp = new_register(T_METADATA);
+  __ check_null_free_array(array.result(), tmp);
+#ifdef RISCV
+  // tmp is used to hold the result of null free array check on riscv
+  // See LIR_Assembler::emit_opNullFreeArrayCheck
+  __ cmp(lir_cond_equal, tmp, LIR_OprFact::metadataConst(nullptr));
+#endif
+  __ branch(lir_cond_equal, L_end->label());
+  __ null_check(value.result(), info);
+  __ branch_destination(L_end->label());
+}
+
+bool LIRGenerator::needs_flat_array_store_check(StoreIndexed* x) {
+  if (x->elt_type() == T_OBJECT && x->array()->maybe_flat_array()) {
+    ciType* type = x->value()->declared_type();
+    if (type != nullptr && type->is_klass()) {
+      ciKlass* klass = type->as_klass();
+      if (!klass->can_be_inline_klass() || (klass->is_inlinetype() && !klass->as_inline_klass()->maybe_flat_in_array())) {
+        // This is known to be a non-flat object. If the array is a flat array,
+        // it will be caught by the code generated by array_store_check().
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+    // We're not 100% sure, so let's do the flat_array_store_check.
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+bool LIRGenerator::needs_null_free_array_store_check(StoreIndexed* x) {
+  return x->elt_type() == T_OBJECT && x->array()->maybe_null_free_array();
+}
+
 void LIRGenerator::do_StoreIndexed(StoreIndexed* x) {
   assert(x->is_pinned(),"");
+  assert(x->elt_type() != T_ARRAY, "never used");
+  bool is_loaded_flat_array = x->array()->is_loaded_flat_array();
   bool needs_range_check = x->compute_needs_range_check();
   bool use_length = x->length() != nullptr;
   bool obj_store = is_reference_type(x->elt_type());
-  bool needs_store_check = obj_store && (x->value()->as_Constant() == nullptr ||
-                                         !get_jobject_constant(x->value())->is_null_object() ||
-                                         x->should_profile());
+  bool needs_store_check = obj_store && !(is_loaded_flat_array && x->is_exact_flat_array_store()) &&
+                                        (x->value()->as_Constant() == nullptr ||
+                                         !get_jobject_constant(x->value())->is_null_object());
 
   LIRItem array(x->array(), this);
   LIRItem index(x->index(), this);
@@ -1622,9 +1922,10 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_StoreIndexed(StoreIndexed* x) {
   if (use_length && needs_range_check) {
     length.set_instruction(x->length());
     length.load_item();
-
   }
-  if (needs_store_check || x->check_boolean()) {
+
+  if (needs_store_check || x->check_boolean()
+      || is_loaded_flat_array || needs_flat_array_store_check(x) || needs_null_free_array_store_check(x)) {
     value.load_item();
   } else {
     value.load_for_store(x->elt_type());
@@ -1657,13 +1958,65 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_StoreIndexed(StoreIndexed* x) {
     array_store_check(value.result(), array.result(), store_check_info, x->profiled_method(), x->profiled_bci());
   }
 
-  DecoratorSet decorators = IN_HEAP | IS_ARRAY;
-  if (x->check_boolean()) {
-    decorators |= C1_MASK_BOOLEAN;
+  if (x->should_profile()) {
+    if (is_loaded_flat_array) {
+      // No need to profile a store to a flat array of known type. This can happen if
+      // the type only became known after optimizations (for example, after the PhiSimplifier).
+      x->set_should_profile(false);
+    } else {
+      int bci = x->profiled_bci();
+      ciMethodData* md = x->profiled_method()->method_data();
+      assert(md != nullptr, "Sanity");
+      ciProfileData* data = md->bci_to_data(bci);
+      assert(data != nullptr && data->is_ArrayStoreData(), "incorrect profiling entry");
+      ciArrayStoreData* store_data = (ciArrayStoreData*)data;
+      profile_array_type(x, md, store_data);
+      assert(store_data->is_ArrayStoreData(), "incorrect profiling entry");
+      if (x->array()->maybe_null_free_array()) {
+        profile_null_free_array(array, md, data);
+      }
+    }
   }
 
-  access_store_at(decorators, x->elt_type(), array, index.result(), value.result(),
-                  nullptr, null_check_info);
+  if (is_loaded_flat_array) {
+    ciFlatArrayKlass* array_klass = x->array()->declared_type()->as_flat_array_klass();
+    ciInlineKlass* elem_klass = array_klass->element_klass()->as_inline_klass();
+    bool null_free = array_klass->is_elem_null_free();
+    if (null_free && !x->value()->is_null_free()) {
+      __ null_check(value.result(), new CodeEmitInfo(range_check_info));
+    }
+    // If array element is an empty null-free inline type, no need to copy anything.
+    // Nullable empty arrays still need their null marker updated.
+    if (!elem_klass->is_empty() || !null_free) {
+      access_flat_array(false, array, index, value);
+    }
+  } else {
+    StoreFlattenedArrayStub* slow_path = nullptr;
+
+    if (needs_flat_array_store_check(x)) {
+      // Check if we indeed have a flat array
+      index.load_item();
+      slow_path = new StoreFlattenedArrayStub(array.result(), index.result(), value.result(), state_for(x, x->state_before()));
+      check_flat_array(array.result(), slow_path);
+      set_in_conditional_code(true);
+    }
+
+    if (needs_null_free_array_store_check(x)) {
+      CodeEmitInfo* info = new CodeEmitInfo(range_check_info);
+      check_null_free_array(array, value, info);
+    }
+
+    DecoratorSet decorators = IN_HEAP | IS_ARRAY;
+    if (x->check_boolean()) {
+      decorators |= C1_MASK_BOOLEAN;
+    }
+
+    access_store_at(decorators, x->elt_type(), array, index.result(), value.result(), nullptr, null_check_info);
+    if (slow_path != nullptr) {
+      __ branch_destination(slow_path->continuation());
+      set_in_conditional_code(false);
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 void LIRGenerator::access_load_at(DecoratorSet decorators, BasicType type,
@@ -1692,9 +2045,10 @@ void LIRGenerator::access_load(DecoratorSet decorators, BasicType type,
 
 void LIRGenerator::access_store_at(DecoratorSet decorators, BasicType type,
                                    LIRItem& base, LIR_Opr offset, LIR_Opr value,
-                                   CodeEmitInfo* patch_info, CodeEmitInfo* store_emit_info) {
+                                   CodeEmitInfo* patch_info, CodeEmitInfo* store_emit_info,
+                                   ciInlineKlass* vk) {
   decorators |= ACCESS_WRITE;
-  LIRAccess access(this, decorators, base, offset, type, patch_info, store_emit_info);
+  LIRAccess access(this, decorators, base, offset, type, patch_info, store_emit_info, vk);
   if (access.is_raw()) {
     _barrier_set->BarrierSetC1::store_at(access, value);
   } else {
@@ -1745,8 +2099,9 @@ LIR_Opr LIRGenerator::access_atomic_add_at(DecoratorSet decorators, BasicType ty
 }
 
 void LIRGenerator::do_LoadField(LoadField* x) {
+  ciField* field = x->field();
   bool needs_patching = x->needs_patching();
-  bool is_volatile = x->field()->is_volatile();
+  bool is_volatile = field->is_volatile();
   BasicType field_type = x->field_type();
 
   CodeEmitInfo* info = nullptr;
@@ -1797,6 +2152,41 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_LoadField(LoadField* x) {
     decorators |= C1_NEEDS_PATCHING;
   }
 
+  if (field->is_flat()) {
+    ciInlineKlass* vk = field->type()->as_inline_klass();
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    assert(field->is_atomic(), "No atomic access required");
+    assert(x->state_before() != nullptr, "Needs state before");
+#endif
+
+    // Allocate buffer (we can't easily do this conditionally on the null check below
+    // because branches added in the LIR are opaque to the register allocator).
+    NewInstance* buffer = new NewInstance(vk, x->state_before(), false, true);
+    do_NewInstance(buffer);
+    LIRItem dest(buffer, this);
+
+    // Copy the payload to the buffer
+    BasicType bt = vk->atomic_size_to_basic_type(field->is_null_free());
+    LIR_Opr payload = new_register((bt == T_LONG) ? bt : T_INT);
+    access_load_at(decorators, bt, object, LIR_OprFact::intConst(field->offset_in_bytes()), payload,
+                   // Make sure to emit an implicit null check
+                   info ? new CodeEmitInfo(info) : nullptr, info);
+    access_store_at(decorators, bt, dest, LIR_OprFact::intConst(vk->payload_offset()), payload);
+
+    if (field->is_null_free()) {
+      set_result(x, buffer->operand());
+    } else {
+      // Check the null marker and set result to null if it's not set
+      __ logical_and(payload, null_marker_mask(bt, field), payload);
+      __ cmp(lir_cond_equal, payload, (bt == T_LONG) ? LIR_OprFact::longConst(0) : LIR_OprFact::intConst(0));
+      __ cmove(lir_cond_equal, LIR_OprFact::oopConst(nullptr), buffer->operand(), rlock_result(x), T_OBJECT);
+    }
+
+    // Ensure the copy is visible before any subsequent store that publishes the buffer.
+    __ membar_storestore();
+    return;
+  }
+
   LIR_Opr result = rlock_result(x, field_type);
   access_load_at(decorators, field_type,
                  object, LIR_OprFact::intConst(x->offset()), result,
@@ -1945,12 +2335,81 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_LoadIndexed(LoadIndexed* x) {
     }
   }
 
-  DecoratorSet decorators = IN_HEAP | IS_ARRAY;
+  ciMethodData* md = nullptr;
+  ciProfileData* data = nullptr;
+  if (x->should_profile()) {
+    if (x->array()->is_loaded_flat_array()) {
+      // No need to profile a load from a flat array of known type. This can happen if
+      // the type only became known after optimizations (for example, after the PhiSimplifier).
+      x->set_should_profile(false);
+    } else {
+      int bci = x->profiled_bci();
+      md = x->profiled_method()->method_data();
+      assert(md != nullptr, "Sanity");
+      data = md->bci_to_data(bci);
+      assert(data != nullptr && data->is_ArrayLoadData(), "incorrect profiling entry");
+      ciArrayLoadData* load_data = (ciArrayLoadData*)data;
+      profile_array_type(x, md, load_data);
+    }
+  }
+
+  Value element = nullptr;
+  if (x->buffer() != nullptr) {
+    assert(x->array()->is_loaded_flat_array(), "must be");
+    // Find the destination address (of the NewInlineTypeInstance).
+    LIRItem buffer(x->buffer(), this);
+    LIR_Opr payload = access_flat_array(true, array, index, buffer,
+                                        x->delayed() == nullptr ? nullptr : x->delayed()->field(),
+                                        x->delayed() == nullptr ? 0 : x->delayed()->offset());
+    ciFlatArrayKlass* array_klass = x->array()->declared_type()->as_flat_array_klass();
+    if (array_klass->is_elem_null_free()) {
+      set_result(x, x->buffer()->operand());
+    } else {
+      // Check the null marker and set result to null if it's not set
+      ciInlineKlass* elem_klass = array_klass->element_klass()->as_inline_klass();
+      BasicType bt = elem_klass->atomic_size_to_basic_type(false);
+      assert(payload->is_valid(), "nullable flat array load must return the atomic payload");
+      __ logical_and(payload, null_marker_mask(bt, elem_klass->null_marker_offset_in_payload()), payload);
+      __ cmp(lir_cond_equal, payload, (bt == T_LONG) ? LIR_OprFact::longConst(0) : LIR_OprFact::intConst(0));
+      __ cmove(lir_cond_equal, LIR_OprFact::oopConst(nullptr), buffer.result(), rlock_result(x), T_OBJECT);
+    }
+  } else if (x->delayed() != nullptr) {
+    assert(x->array()->is_loaded_flat_array(), "must be");
+    LIR_Opr result = rlock_result(x, x->delayed()->field()->type()->basic_type());
+    access_sub_element(array, index, result, x->delayed()->field(), x->delayed()->offset());
+  } else {
+    LIR_Opr result = rlock_result(x, x->elt_type());
+    LoadFlattenedArrayStub* slow_path = nullptr;
+
+    if (x->should_profile() && x->array()->maybe_null_free_array()) {
+      profile_null_free_array(array, md, data);
+    }
+
+    if (x->elt_type() == T_OBJECT && x->array()->maybe_flat_array()) {
+      assert(x->delayed() == nullptr, "Delayed LoadIndexed only apply to loaded_flat_arrays");
+      index.load_item();
+      // if we are loading from a flat array, load it using a runtime call
+      slow_path = new LoadFlattenedArrayStub(array.result(), index.result(), result, state_for(x, x->state_before()));
+      check_flat_array(array.result(), slow_path);
+      set_in_conditional_code(true);
+    }
+
+    DecoratorSet decorators = IN_HEAP | IS_ARRAY;
+    access_load_at(decorators, x->elt_type(),
+                   array, index.result(), result,
+                   nullptr, null_check_info);
 
-  LIR_Opr result = rlock_result(x, x->elt_type());
-  access_load_at(decorators, x->elt_type(),
-                 array, index.result(), result,
-                 nullptr, null_check_info);
+    if (slow_path != nullptr) {
+      __ branch_destination(slow_path->continuation());
+      set_in_conditional_code(false);
+    }
+
+    element = x;
+  }
+
+  if (x->should_profile()) {
+    profile_element_type(element, md, (ciArrayLoadData*)data);
+  }
 }
 
 
@@ -2433,7 +2892,7 @@ ciKlass* LIRGenerator::profile_type(ciMethodData* md, int md_base_offset, int md
   }
 
   ciKlass* exact_signature_k = nullptr;
-  if (do_update) {
+  if (do_update && signature_at_call_k != nullptr) {
     // Is the type from the signature exact (the only one possible)?
     exact_signature_k = signature_at_call_k->exact_klass();
     if (exact_signature_k == nullptr) {
@@ -2465,6 +2924,21 @@ ciKlass* LIRGenerator::profile_type(ciMethodData* md, int md_base_offset, int md
     do_update = exact_klass == nullptr || ciTypeEntries::valid_ciklass(profiled_k) != exact_klass;
   }
 
+  if (exact_klass != nullptr && exact_klass->is_obj_array_klass()) {
+    ciArrayKlass* exact_array_klass = exact_klass->as_array_klass();
+    if (exact_array_klass->is_refined()) {
+      do_update = ciTypeEntries::valid_ciklass(profiled_k) != exact_klass;
+    } else if (exact_klass->can_be_inline_array_klass()) {
+      // Inline type arrays can have additional properties. Load the klass unless
+      // the C1 type already carries refined array properties.
+      exact_klass = nullptr;
+      do_update = true;
+    } else {
+      // For a direct pointer comparison, we need the refined array klass pointer
+      exact_klass = ciObjArrayKlass::make(exact_array_klass->element_klass());
+      do_update = ciTypeEntries::valid_ciklass(profiled_k) != exact_klass;
+    }
+  }
   if (!do_null && !do_update) {
     return result;
   }
@@ -2518,6 +2992,52 @@ void LIRGenerator::profile_parameters(Base* x) {
   }
 }
 
+void LIRGenerator::profile_flags(ciMethodData* md, ciProfileData* data, int flag, LIR_Condition condition) {
+  assert(md != nullptr && data != nullptr, "should have been initialized");
+  LIR_Opr mdp = new_register(T_METADATA);
+  __ metadata2reg(md->constant_encoding(), mdp);
+  LIR_Address* addr = new LIR_Address(mdp, md->byte_offset_of_slot(data, DataLayout::flags_offset()), T_BYTE);
+  LIR_Opr flags = new_register(T_INT);
+  __ move(addr, flags);
+  LIR_Opr update;
+  if (condition != lir_cond_always) {
+    update = new_register(T_INT);
+    __ cmove(condition, LIR_OprFact::intConst(0), LIR_OprFact::intConst(flag), update, T_INT);
+  } else {
+    update = LIR_OprFact::intConst(flag);
+  }
+  __ logical_or(flags, update, flags);
+  __ store(flags, addr);
+}
+
+void LIRGenerator::profile_null_free_array(LIRItem array, ciMethodData* md, ciProfileData* data) {
+  assert(compilation()->profile_array_accesses(), "array access profiling is disabled");
+  LabelObj* L_end = new LabelObj();
+  LIR_Opr tmp = new_register(T_METADATA);
+  __ check_null_free_array(array.result(), tmp);
+#ifdef RISCV
+  // tmp is used to hold the result of null free array check on riscv
+  // See LIR_Assembler::emit_opNullFreeArrayCheck
+  __ cmp(lir_cond_equal, tmp, LIR_OprFact::metadataConst(nullptr));
+#endif
+  profile_flags(md, data, ArrayStoreData::null_free_array_byte_constant(), lir_cond_equal);
+}
+
+template <class ArrayData> void LIRGenerator::profile_array_type(AccessIndexed* x, ciMethodData*& md, ArrayData*& load_store) {
+  assert(compilation()->profile_array_accesses(), "array access profiling is disabled");
+  LIR_Opr mdp = LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr;
+  profile_type(md, md->byte_offset_of_slot(load_store, ArrayData::array_offset()), 0,
+               load_store->array()->type(), x->array(), mdp, true, nullptr, nullptr);
+}
+
+void LIRGenerator::profile_element_type(Value element, ciMethodData* md, ciArrayLoadData* load_data) {
+  assert(compilation()->profile_array_accesses(), "array access profiling is disabled");
+  assert(md != nullptr && load_data != nullptr, "should have been initialized");
+  LIR_Opr mdp = LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr;
+  profile_type(md, md->byte_offset_of_slot(load_data, ArrayLoadData::element_offset()), 0,
+               load_data->element()->type(), element, mdp, false, nullptr, nullptr);
+}
+
 void LIRGenerator::do_Base(Base* x) {
   __ std_entry(LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr);
   // Emit moves from physical registers / stack slots to virtual registers
@@ -2559,6 +3079,12 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_Base(Base* x) {
     java_index += type2size[t];
   }
 
+  // Check if we need a membar at the beginning of the java.lang.Object
+  // constructor to satisfy the memory model for strict fields.
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled() && method()->intrinsic_id() == vmIntrinsics::_Object_init) {
+    __ membar_storestore();
+  }
+
   if (compilation()->env()->dtrace_method_probes()) {
     BasicTypeList signature;
     signature.append(LP64_ONLY(T_LONG) NOT_LP64(T_INT));    // thread
@@ -2600,6 +3126,14 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_Base(Base* x) {
     CodeEmitInfo* info = new CodeEmitInfo(scope()->start()->state()->copy(ValueStack::StateBefore, SynchronizationEntryBCI), nullptr, false);
     increment_invocation_counter(info);
   }
+  if (method()->has_scalarized_args()) {
+    // Check if deoptimization was triggered (i.e. orig_pc was set) while buffering scalarized inline type arguments
+    // in the entry point (see comments in frame::deoptimize). If so, deoptimize only now that we have the right state.
+    CodeEmitInfo* info = new CodeEmitInfo(scope()->start()->state()->copy(ValueStack::StateBefore, 0), nullptr, false);
+    CodeStub* deopt_stub = new DeoptimizeStub(info, Deoptimization::Reason_none, Deoptimization::Action_none);
+    __ append(new LIR_Op0(lir_check_orig_pc));
+    __ branch(lir_cond_notEqual, deopt_stub);
+  }
 
   // all blocks with a successor must end with an unconditional jump
   // to the successor even if they are consecutive
@@ -2615,6 +3149,19 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_OsrEntry(OsrEntry* x) {
   __ move(LIR_Assembler::osrBufferPointer(), result);
 }
 
+void LIRGenerator::invoke_load_one_argument(LIRItem* param, LIR_Opr loc) {
+  if (loc->is_register()) {
+    param->load_item_force(loc);
+  } else {
+    LIR_Address* addr = loc->as_address_ptr();
+    param->load_for_store(addr->type());
+    if (addr->type() == T_OBJECT) {
+      __ move_wide(param->result(), addr);
+    } else {
+      __ move(param->result(), addr);
+    }
+  }
+}
 
 void LIRGenerator::invoke_load_arguments(Invoke* x, LIRItemList* args, const LIR_OprList* arg_list) {
   assert(args->length() == arg_list->length(),
@@ -2622,16 +3169,7 @@ void LIRGenerator::invoke_load_arguments(Invoke* x, LIRItemList* args, const LIR
   for (int i = x->has_receiver() ? 1 : 0; i < args->length(); i++) {
     LIRItem* param = args->at(i);
     LIR_Opr loc = arg_list->at(i);
-    if (loc->is_register()) {
-      param->load_item_force(loc);
-    } else {
-      LIR_Address* addr = loc->as_address_ptr();
-      param->load_for_store(addr->type());
-      if (addr->type() == T_OBJECT) {
-        __ move_wide(param->result(), addr);
-      } else
-        __ move(param->result(), addr);
-    }
+    invoke_load_one_argument(param, loc);
   }
 
   if (x->has_receiver()) {
@@ -2778,9 +3316,10 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_IfOp(IfOp* x) {
   LIRItem left(x->x(), this);
   LIRItem right(x->y(), this);
   left.load_item();
-  if (can_inline_as_constant(right.value())) {
+  if (can_inline_as_constant(right.value()) && !x->substitutability_check()) {
     right.dont_load_item();
   } else {
+    // substitutability_check() needs to use right as a base register.
     right.load_item();
   }
 
@@ -2788,10 +3327,58 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_IfOp(IfOp* x) {
   LIRItem f_val(x->fval(), this);
   t_val.dont_load_item();
   f_val.dont_load_item();
-  LIR_Opr reg = rlock_result(x);
 
-  __ cmp(lir_cond(x->cond()), left.result(), right.result());
-  __ cmove(lir_cond(x->cond()), t_val.result(), f_val.result(), reg, as_BasicType(x->x()->type()));
+  if (x->substitutability_check()) {
+    substitutability_check(x, left, right, t_val, f_val);
+  } else {
+    LIR_Opr reg = rlock_result(x);
+    __ cmp(lir_cond(x->cond()), left.result(), right.result());
+    __ cmove(lir_cond(x->cond()), t_val.result(), f_val.result(), reg, as_BasicType(x->x()->type()));
+  }
+}
+
+void LIRGenerator::substitutability_check(IfOp* x, LIRItem& left, LIRItem& right, LIRItem& t_val, LIRItem& f_val) {
+  assert(x->cond() == If::eql || x->cond() == If::neq, "must be");
+  bool is_acmpeq = (x->cond() == If::eql);
+  LIR_Opr equal_result     = is_acmpeq ? t_val.result() : f_val.result();
+  LIR_Opr not_equal_result = is_acmpeq ? f_val.result() : t_val.result();
+  LIR_Opr result = rlock_result(x);
+  CodeEmitInfo* info = state_for(x, x->state_before());
+
+  substitutability_check_common(x->x(), x->y(), left, right, equal_result, not_equal_result, result, info);
+}
+
+void LIRGenerator::substitutability_check(If* x, LIRItem& left, LIRItem& right) {
+  LIR_Opr equal_result     = LIR_OprFact::intConst(1);
+  LIR_Opr not_equal_result = LIR_OprFact::intConst(0);
+  LIR_Opr result = new_register(T_INT);
+  CodeEmitInfo* info = state_for(x, x->state_before());
+
+  substitutability_check_common(x->x(), x->y(), left, right, equal_result, not_equal_result, result, info);
+
+  assert(x->cond() == If::eql || x->cond() == If::neq, "must be");
+  __ cmp(lir_cond(x->cond()), result, equal_result);
+}
+
+void LIRGenerator::substitutability_check_common(Value left_val, Value right_val, LIRItem& left, LIRItem& right,
+                                                 LIR_Opr equal_result, LIR_Opr not_equal_result, LIR_Opr result,
+                                                 CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  LIR_Opr tmp1 = LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr;
+  LIR_Opr tmp2 = LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr;
+
+  ciKlass* left_klass = left_val->as_loaded_klass_or_null();
+  ciKlass* right_klass = right_val->as_loaded_klass_or_null();
+  if (left_klass != nullptr && left_klass->is_inlinetype() && left_klass == right_klass) {
+    // No need to load klass -- the operands are statically known to be the same inline klass.
+  } else {
+    BasicType t_klass = UseCompressedOops ? T_INT : T_METADATA;
+    tmp1 = new_register(t_klass);
+    tmp2 = new_register(t_klass);
+  }
+
+  CodeStub* slow_path = new SubstitutabilityCheckStub(left.result(), right.result(), info);
+  __ substitutability_check(result, left.result(), right.result(), equal_result, not_equal_result,
+                            left_klass, right_klass, tmp1, tmp2, info, slow_path);
 }
 
 void LIRGenerator::do_RuntimeCall(address routine, Intrinsic* x) {
@@ -3066,7 +3653,7 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_ProfileReturnType(ProfileReturnType* x) {
   ciProfileData* data = md->bci_to_data(bci);
   if (data != nullptr) {
     assert(data->is_CallTypeData() || data->is_VirtualCallTypeData(), "wrong profile data type");
-    ciReturnTypeEntry* ret = data->is_CallTypeData() ? ((ciCallTypeData*)data)->ret() : ((ciVirtualCallTypeData*)data)->ret();
+    ciSingleTypeEntry* ret = data->is_CallTypeData() ? ((ciCallTypeData*)data)->ret() : ((ciVirtualCallTypeData*)data)->ret();
     LIR_Opr mdp = LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr;
 
     bool ignored_will_link;
@@ -3087,6 +3674,52 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_ProfileReturnType(ProfileReturnType* x) {
   }
 }
 
+bool LIRGenerator::profile_inline_klass(ciMethodData* md, ciProfileData* data, Value value, int flag) {
+  ciKlass* klass = value->as_loaded_klass_or_null();
+  if (klass != nullptr) {
+    if (klass->is_inlinetype()) {
+      profile_flags(md, data, flag, lir_cond_always);
+    } else if (klass->can_be_inline_klass()) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  } else {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+void LIRGenerator::do_ProfileACmpTypes(ProfileACmpTypes* x) {
+  ciMethod* method = x->method();
+  assert(method != nullptr, "method should be set if branch is profiled");
+  ciMethodData* md = method->method_data_or_null();
+  assert(md != nullptr, "Sanity");
+  ciProfileData* data = md->bci_to_data(x->bci());
+  assert(data != nullptr, "must have profiling data");
+  assert(data->is_ACmpData(), "need BranchData for two-way branches");
+  ciACmpData* acmp = (ciACmpData*)data;
+  LIR_Opr mdp = LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr;
+  profile_type(md, md->byte_offset_of_slot(acmp, ACmpData::left_offset()), 0,
+               acmp->left()->type(), x->left(), mdp, !x->left_maybe_null(), nullptr, nullptr);
+  int flags_offset = md->byte_offset_of_slot(data, DataLayout::flags_offset());
+  if (!profile_inline_klass(md, acmp, x->left(), ACmpData::left_inline_type_byte_constant())) {
+    LIR_Opr mdp = new_register(T_METADATA);
+    __ metadata2reg(md->constant_encoding(), mdp);
+    LIRItem value(x->left(), this);
+    value.load_item();
+    __ profile_inline_type(new LIR_Address(mdp, flags_offset, T_INT), value.result(), ACmpData::left_inline_type_byte_constant(), new_register(T_INT), !x->left_maybe_null());
+  }
+  profile_type(md, md->byte_offset_of_slot(acmp, ACmpData::left_offset()),
+               in_bytes(ACmpData::right_offset()) - in_bytes(ACmpData::left_offset()),
+               acmp->right()->type(), x->right(), mdp, !x->right_maybe_null(), nullptr, nullptr);
+  if (!profile_inline_klass(md, acmp, x->right(), ACmpData::right_inline_type_byte_constant())) {
+    LIR_Opr mdp = new_register(T_METADATA);
+    __ metadata2reg(md->constant_encoding(), mdp);
+    LIRItem value(x->right(), this);
+    value.load_item();
+    __ profile_inline_type(new LIR_Address(mdp, flags_offset, T_INT), value.result(), ACmpData::right_inline_type_byte_constant(), new_register(T_INT), !x->right_maybe_null());
+  }
+}
+
 void LIRGenerator::do_ProfileInvoke(ProfileInvoke* x) {
   // We can safely ignore accessors here, since c2 will inline them anyway,
   // accessors are also always mature.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.hpp
index 8e30d05af6d..65c64d2262c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -169,6 +169,7 @@ class LIRGenerator: public InstructionVisitor, public BlockClosure {
 #endif
   BitMap2D      _vreg_flags; // flags which can be set on a per-vreg basis
   LIR_List*     _lir;
+  bool          _in_conditional_code;
 
   LIRGenerator* gen() {
     return this;
@@ -195,6 +196,7 @@ class LIRGenerator: public InstructionVisitor, public BlockClosure {
 
   friend class PhiResolver;
 
+  void set_in_conditional_code(bool v);
  public:
   // unified bailout support
   void bailout(const char* msg) const            { compilation()->bailout(msg); }
@@ -214,6 +216,7 @@ class LIRGenerator: public InstructionVisitor, public BlockClosure {
   LIR_Opr load_constant(Constant* x);
   LIR_Opr load_constant(LIR_Const* constant);
 
+  bool in_conditional_code() const { return _in_conditional_code; }
   // Given an immediate value, return an operand usable in logical ops.
   LIR_Opr load_immediate(jlong x, BasicType type);
 
@@ -272,6 +275,18 @@ class LIRGenerator: public InstructionVisitor, public BlockClosure {
   void do_vectorizedMismatch(Intrinsic* x);
   void do_blackhole(Intrinsic* x);
 
+  LIR_Opr access_flat_array(bool is_load, LIRItem& array, LIRItem& index, LIRItem& obj_item, ciField* field = nullptr, size_t offset = 0);
+  void access_sub_element(LIRItem& array, LIRItem& index, LIR_Opr& result, ciField* field, size_t sub_offset);
+  LIR_Opr get_and_load_element_address(LIRItem& array, LIRItem& index);
+  static bool needs_flat_array_store_check(StoreIndexed* x);
+  void check_flat_array(LIR_Opr array, CodeStub* slow_path);
+  static bool needs_null_free_array_store_check(StoreIndexed* x);
+  void check_null_free_array(LIRItem& array, LIRItem& value,  CodeEmitInfo* info);
+  void substitutability_check(IfOp* x, LIRItem& left, LIRItem& right, LIRItem& t_val, LIRItem& f_val);
+  void substitutability_check(If* x, LIRItem& left, LIRItem& right);
+  void substitutability_check_common(Value left_val, Value right_val, LIRItem& left, LIRItem& right,
+                                     LIR_Opr equal_result, LIR_Opr not_equal_result, LIR_Opr result, CodeEmitInfo* info);
+
  public:
   LIR_Opr call_runtime(BasicTypeArray* signature, LIRItemList* args, address entry, ValueType* result_type, CodeEmitInfo* info);
   LIR_Opr call_runtime(BasicTypeArray* signature, LIR_OprList* args, address entry, ValueType* result_type, CodeEmitInfo* info);
@@ -288,7 +303,7 @@ class LIRGenerator: public InstructionVisitor, public BlockClosure {
  public:
   void access_store_at(DecoratorSet decorators, BasicType type,
                        LIRItem& base, LIR_Opr offset, LIR_Opr value,
-                       CodeEmitInfo* patch_info = nullptr, CodeEmitInfo* store_emit_info = nullptr);
+                       CodeEmitInfo* patch_info = nullptr, CodeEmitInfo* store_emit_info = nullptr, ciInlineKlass* vk = nullptr);
 
   void access_load_at(DecoratorSet decorators, BasicType type,
                       LIRItem& base, LIR_Opr offset, LIR_Opr result,
@@ -325,7 +340,7 @@ class LIRGenerator: public InstructionVisitor, public BlockClosure {
 
   LIRItemList* invoke_visit_arguments(Invoke* x);
   void invoke_load_arguments(Invoke* x, LIRItemList* args, const LIR_OprList* arg_list);
-
+  void invoke_load_one_argument(LIRItem* param, LIR_Opr loc);
   void trace_block_entry(BlockBegin* block);
 
   // volatile field operations are never patchable because a klass
@@ -362,10 +377,10 @@ class LIRGenerator: public InstructionVisitor, public BlockClosure {
 
   void logic_op   (Bytecodes::Code code, LIR_Opr dst_reg, LIR_Opr left, LIR_Opr right);
 
-  void monitor_enter (LIR_Opr object, LIR_Opr lock, LIR_Opr hdr, LIR_Opr scratch, int monitor_no, CodeEmitInfo* info_for_exception, CodeEmitInfo* info);
+  void monitor_enter (LIR_Opr object, LIR_Opr lock, LIR_Opr hdr, LIR_Opr scratch, int monitor_no, CodeEmitInfo* info_for_exception, CodeEmitInfo* info, CodeStub* throw_ie_stub = nullptr);
   void monitor_exit  (LIR_Opr object, LIR_Opr lock, LIR_Opr hdr, LIR_Opr scratch, int monitor_no);
 
-  void new_instance    (LIR_Opr  dst, ciInstanceKlass* klass, bool is_unresolved, LIR_Opr  scratch1, LIR_Opr  scratch2, LIR_Opr  scratch3,  LIR_Opr scratch4, LIR_Opr  klass_reg, CodeEmitInfo* info);
+  void new_instance(LIR_Opr dst, ciInstanceKlass* klass, bool is_unresolved, bool allow_inline, LIR_Opr scratch1, LIR_Opr scratch2, LIR_Opr scratch3, LIR_Opr scratch4, LIR_Opr klass_reg, CodeEmitInfo* info);
 
   // machine dependent
   void cmp_mem_int(LIR_Condition condition, LIR_Opr base, int disp, int c, CodeEmitInfo* info);
@@ -477,6 +492,11 @@ class LIRGenerator: public InstructionVisitor, public BlockClosure {
   void profile_arguments(ProfileCall* x);
   void profile_parameters(Base* x);
   void profile_parameters_at_call(ProfileCall* x);
+  void profile_flags(ciMethodData* md, ciProfileData* load_store, int flag, LIR_Condition condition = lir_cond_always);
+  void profile_null_free_array(LIRItem array, ciMethodData* md, ciProfileData* load_store);
+  template <class ArrayData> void profile_array_type(AccessIndexed* x, ciMethodData*& md, ArrayData*& load_store);
+  void profile_element_type(Value element, ciMethodData* md, ciArrayLoadData* load_store);
+  bool profile_inline_klass(ciMethodData* md, ciProfileData* data, Value value, int flag);
   LIR_Opr mask_boolean(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr value, CodeEmitInfo*& null_check_info);
 
  public:
@@ -504,6 +524,7 @@ class LIRGenerator: public InstructionVisitor, public BlockClosure {
     , _method(method)
     , _virtual_register_number(LIR_Opr::vreg_base)
     , _vreg_flags(num_vreg_flags)
+    , _in_conditional_code(false)
     , _barrier_set(BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c1()) {
   }
 
@@ -585,6 +606,7 @@ class LIRGenerator: public InstructionVisitor, public BlockClosure {
   virtual void do_ProfileCall    (ProfileCall*     x);
   virtual void do_ProfileReturnType (ProfileReturnType* x);
   virtual void do_ProfileInvoke  (ProfileInvoke*   x);
+  virtual void do_ProfileACmpTypes(ProfileACmpTypes* x);
   virtual void do_RuntimeCall    (RuntimeCall*     x);
   virtual void do_MemBar         (MemBar*          x);
   virtual void do_RangeCheckPredicate(RangeCheckPredicate* x);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LinearScan.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LinearScan.cpp
index b00ab25b8f0..2ab99160197 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LinearScan.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LinearScan.cpp
@@ -62,9 +62,9 @@
 
 // Map BasicType to spill size in 32-bit words, matching VMReg's notion of words
 #ifdef _LP64
-static int type2spill_size[T_CONFLICT+1]={ -1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 0, 2,  1, 2, 1, -1};
+static int type2spill_size[T_CONFLICT+1]={ -1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 2,  1, 2, 1, -1};
 #else
-static int type2spill_size[T_CONFLICT+1]={ -1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 0, 1, -1, 1, 1, -1};
+static int type2spill_size[T_CONFLICT+1]={ -1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, -1, 1, 1, -1};
 #endif
 
 
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ void LinearScan::assign_spill_slot(Interval* it) {
 }
 
 void LinearScan::propagate_spill_slots() {
-  if (!frame_map()->finalize_frame(max_spills())) {
+  if (!frame_map()->finalize_frame(max_spills(), compilation()->method()->c1_needs_stack_repair())) {
     bailout("frame too large");
   }
 }
@@ -2888,7 +2888,7 @@ IRScopeDebugInfo* LinearScan::compute_debug_info_for_scope(int op_id, IRScope* c
     }
   }
 
-  return new IRScopeDebugInfo(cur_scope, cur_state->bci(), locals, expressions, monitors, caller_debug_info);
+  return new IRScopeDebugInfo(cur_scope, cur_state->bci(), locals, expressions, monitors, caller_debug_info, cur_state->should_reexecute());
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_MacroAssembler.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_MacroAssembler.hpp
index 0fe0d0ff285..f6d177f803f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_MacroAssembler.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_MacroAssembler.hpp
@@ -29,8 +29,11 @@
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 
 class CodeEmitInfo;
-
+class CompiledEntrySignature;
 class C1_MacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
+ private:
+  int scalarized_entry(const CompiledEntrySignature* ces, int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, Label& verified_inline_entry_label, bool is_inline_ro_entry);
+  void build_frame_helper(int frame_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, int sp_inc, bool reset_orig_pc, bool needs_stack_repair);
  public:
   // creation
   C1_MacroAssembler(CodeBuffer* code) : MacroAssembler(code) { pd_init(); }
@@ -38,9 +41,14 @@ class C1_MacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
   //----------------------------------------------------
   void explicit_null_check(Register base);
 
-  void build_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes);
-  void remove_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes);
+  void build_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc = 0, bool needs_stack_repair = false, bool has_scalarized_args = false, Label* verified_inline_entry_label = nullptr);
 
+  int verified_entry(const CompiledEntrySignature* ces, int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, Label& verified_inline_entry_label) {
+    return scalarized_entry(ces, frame_size_in_bytes, bang_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, verified_inline_entry_label, false);
+  }
+  int verified_inline_ro_entry(const CompiledEntrySignature* ces, int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, Label& verified_inline_entry_label) {
+    return scalarized_entry(ces, frame_size_in_bytes, bang_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, verified_inline_entry_label, true);
+  }
   void verified_entry(bool breakAtEntry);
   void verify_stack_oop(int offset) PRODUCT_RETURN;
   void verify_not_null_oop(Register r)  PRODUCT_RETURN;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Optimizer.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Optimizer.cpp
index 0c18694df78..17ad26a311a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Optimizer.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Optimizer.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -86,7 +86,8 @@ class CE_Eliminator: public BlockClosure {
   virtual void block_do(BlockBegin* block);
 
  private:
-  Value make_ifop(Value x, Instruction::Condition cond, Value y, Value tval, Value fval);
+  Value make_ifop(Value x, Instruction::Condition cond, Value y, Value tval, Value fval,
+                  ValueStack* state_before, bool substitutability_check);
 };
 
 void CE_Eliminator::block_do(BlockBegin* block) {
@@ -215,7 +216,8 @@ void CE_Eliminator::block_do(BlockBegin* block) {
     cur_end = cur_end->set_next(f_value);
   }
 
-  Value result = make_ifop(if_->x(), if_->cond(), if_->y(), t_value, f_value);
+  Value result = make_ifop(if_->x(), if_->cond(), if_->y(), t_value, f_value,
+                           if_->state_before(), if_->substitutability_check());
   assert(result != nullptr, "make_ifop must return a non-null instruction");
   if (!result->is_linked() && result->can_be_linked()) {
     NOT_PRODUCT(result->set_printable_bci(if_->printable_bci()));
@@ -270,9 +272,10 @@ void CE_Eliminator::block_do(BlockBegin* block) {
 
 }
 
-Value CE_Eliminator::make_ifop(Value x, Instruction::Condition cond, Value y, Value tval, Value fval) {
+Value CE_Eliminator::make_ifop(Value x, Instruction::Condition cond, Value y, Value tval, Value fval,
+                               ValueStack* state_before, bool substitutability_check) {
   if (!OptimizeIfOps) {
-    return new IfOp(x, cond, y, tval, fval);
+    return new IfOp(x, cond, y, tval, fval, state_before, substitutability_check);
   }
 
   tval = tval->subst();
@@ -286,7 +289,8 @@ Value CE_Eliminator::make_ifop(Value x, Instruction::Condition cond, Value y, Va
   y = y->subst();
 
   Constant* y_const = y->as_Constant();
-  if (y_const != nullptr) {
+  // We must not optimize a substitutability check to a pointer comparison.
+  if (!substitutability_check && y_const != nullptr) {
     IfOp* x_ifop = x->as_IfOp();
     if (x_ifop != nullptr) {                 // x is an ifop, y is a constant
       Constant* x_tval_const = x_ifop->tval()->subst()->as_Constant();
@@ -307,7 +311,7 @@ Value CE_Eliminator::make_ifop(Value x, Instruction::Condition cond, Value y, Va
           if (new_tval == new_fval) {
             return new_tval;
           } else {
-            return new IfOp(x_ifop->x(), x_ifop_cond, x_ifop->y(), new_tval, new_fval);
+            return new IfOp(x_ifop->x(), x_ifop_cond, x_ifop->y(), new_tval, new_fval, x_ifop->state_before(), x_ifop->substitutability_check());
           }
         }
       }
@@ -323,7 +327,7 @@ Value CE_Eliminator::make_ifop(Value x, Instruction::Condition cond, Value y, Va
       }
     }
   }
-  return new IfOp(x, cond, y, tval, fval);
+  return new IfOp(x, cond, y, tval, fval, state_before, substitutability_check);
 }
 
 void Optimizer::eliminate_conditional_expressions() {
@@ -463,7 +467,7 @@ class BlockMerger: public BlockClosure {
         con  = if_->x()->as_Constant();
         swapped = true;
       }
-      if (con && ifop) {
+      if (con && ifop && !ifop->substitutability_check()) {
         Constant* tval = ifop->tval()->as_Constant();
         Constant* fval = ifop->fval()->as_Constant();
         if (tval && fval) {
@@ -488,7 +492,7 @@ class BlockMerger: public BlockClosure {
             BlockBegin* fblock = fval->compare(cond, con, tsux, fsux);
             if (tblock != fblock && !if_->is_safepoint()) {
               If* newif = new If(ifop->x(), ifop->cond(), false, ifop->y(),
-                                 tblock, fblock, if_->state_before(), if_->is_safepoint());
+                                 tblock, fblock, if_->state_before(), if_->is_safepoint(), ifop->substitutability_check());
               newif->set_state(if_->state()->copy());
 
               assert(prev->next() == if_, "must be guaranteed by above search");
@@ -582,6 +586,7 @@ class NullCheckVisitor: public InstructionVisitor {
   void do_UnsafeGetAndSet(UnsafeGetAndSet* x);
   void do_ProfileCall    (ProfileCall*     x);
   void do_ProfileReturnType (ProfileReturnType*  x);
+  void do_ProfileACmpTypes(ProfileACmpTypes*  x);
   void do_ProfileInvoke  (ProfileInvoke*   x);
   void do_RuntimeCall    (RuntimeCall*     x);
   void do_MemBar         (MemBar*          x);
@@ -710,6 +715,7 @@ class NullCheckEliminator: public ValueVisitor {
   void handle_Phi             (Phi* x);
   void handle_ProfileCall     (ProfileCall* x);
   void handle_ProfileReturnType (ProfileReturnType* x);
+  void handle_ProfileACmpTypes(ProfileACmpTypes* x);
   void handle_Constant        (Constant* x);
   void handle_IfOp            (IfOp* x);
 };
@@ -768,6 +774,7 @@ void NullCheckVisitor::do_ProfileCall    (ProfileCall*     x) { nce()->clear_las
                                                                 nce()->handle_ProfileCall(x); }
 void NullCheckVisitor::do_ProfileReturnType (ProfileReturnType* x) { nce()->handle_ProfileReturnType(x); }
 void NullCheckVisitor::do_ProfileInvoke  (ProfileInvoke*   x) {}
+void NullCheckVisitor::do_ProfileACmpTypes(ProfileACmpTypes* x) { nce()->handle_ProfileACmpTypes(x); }
 void NullCheckVisitor::do_RuntimeCall    (RuntimeCall*     x) {}
 void NullCheckVisitor::do_MemBar         (MemBar*          x) {}
 void NullCheckVisitor::do_RangeCheckPredicate(RangeCheckPredicate* x) {}
@@ -1197,6 +1204,11 @@ void NullCheckEliminator::handle_ProfileReturnType(ProfileReturnType* x) {
   x->set_needs_null_check(!set_contains(x->ret()));
 }
 
+void NullCheckEliminator::handle_ProfileACmpTypes(ProfileACmpTypes* x) {
+  x->set_left_maybe_null(!set_contains(x->left()));
+  x->set_right_maybe_null(!set_contains(x->right()));
+}
+
 void NullCheckEliminator::handle_Constant(Constant *x) {
   ObjectType* ot = x->type()->as_ObjectType();
   if (ot != nullptr && ot->is_loaded()) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_RangeCheckElimination.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_RangeCheckElimination.hpp
index f36a2065109..128feae0b59 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_RangeCheckElimination.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_RangeCheckElimination.hpp
@@ -159,6 +159,7 @@ class RangeCheckEliminator {
     void do_UnsafeGetAndSet(UnsafeGetAndSet* x) { /* nothing to do */ };
     void do_ProfileCall    (ProfileCall*     x) { /* nothing to do */ };
     void do_ProfileReturnType (ProfileReturnType*  x) { /* nothing to do */ };
+    void do_ProfileACmpTypes(ProfileACmpTypes*  x) { /* nothing to do */ };
     void do_ProfileInvoke  (ProfileInvoke*   x) { /* nothing to do */ };
     void do_RuntimeCall    (RuntimeCall*     x) { /* nothing to do */ };
     void do_MemBar         (MemBar*          x) { /* nothing to do */ };
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Runtime1.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Runtime1.cpp
index 41504c74dd2..bcf55b454b6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Runtime1.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Runtime1.cpp
@@ -50,9 +50,14 @@
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "oops/access.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/arrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/arrayProperties.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
 #include "runtime/atomicAccess.hpp"
 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
@@ -114,8 +119,14 @@ uint Runtime1::_arraycopy_checkcast_cnt = 0;
 uint Runtime1::_arraycopy_checkcast_attempt_cnt = 0;
 uint Runtime1::_new_type_array_slowcase_cnt = 0;
 uint Runtime1::_new_object_array_slowcase_cnt = 0;
+uint Runtime1::_new_null_free_array_slowcase_cnt = 0;
 uint Runtime1::_new_instance_slowcase_cnt = 0;
 uint Runtime1::_new_multi_array_slowcase_cnt = 0;
+uint Runtime1::_load_flat_array_slowcase_cnt = 0;
+uint Runtime1::_store_flat_array_slowcase_cnt = 0;
+uint Runtime1::_substitutability_check_slowcase_cnt = 0;
+uint Runtime1::_buffer_inline_args_slowcase_cnt = 0;
+uint Runtime1::_buffer_inline_args_no_receiver_slowcase_cnt = 0;
 uint Runtime1::_monitorenter_slowcase_cnt = 0;
 uint Runtime1::_monitorexit_slowcase_cnt = 0;
 uint Runtime1::_patch_code_slowcase_cnt = 0;
@@ -125,6 +136,8 @@ uint Runtime1::_throw_div0_exception_count = 0;
 uint Runtime1::_throw_null_pointer_exception_count = 0;
 uint Runtime1::_throw_class_cast_exception_count = 0;
 uint Runtime1::_throw_incompatible_class_change_error_count = 0;
+uint Runtime1::_throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception_count = 0;
+uint Runtime1::_throw_identity_exception_count = 0;
 uint Runtime1::_throw_count = 0;
 
 static uint _byte_arraycopy_stub_cnt = 0;
@@ -370,11 +383,10 @@ const char* Runtime1::name_for_address(address entry) {
   return pd_name_for_address(entry);
 }
 
-
-JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::new_instance(JavaThread* current, Klass* klass))
+static void allocate_instance(JavaThread* current, Klass* klass, TRAPS) {
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   if (PrintC1Statistics) {
-    _new_instance_slowcase_cnt++;
+    Runtime1::_new_instance_slowcase_cnt++;
   }
 #endif
   assert(klass->is_klass(), "not a class");
@@ -388,6 +400,9 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::new_instance(JavaThread* current, Klass* klass))
   current->set_vm_result_oop(obj);
 JRT_END
 
+JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::new_instance(JavaThread* current, Klass* klass))
+  allocate_instance(current, klass, CHECK);
+JRT_END
 
 JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::new_type_array(JavaThread* current, Klass* klass, jint length))
 #ifndef PRODUCT
@@ -432,6 +447,31 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::new_object_array(JavaThread* current, Klass* array_kla
   }
 JRT_END
 
+// TODO 8265122 This is currently dead code until the array factory methods are intrinsified
+JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::new_null_free_array(JavaThread* current, Klass* array_klass, jint length))
+  NOT_PRODUCT(_new_null_free_array_slowcase_cnt++;)
+
+  // Note: no handle for klass needed since they are not used
+  //       anymore after new_objArray() and no GC can happen before.
+  //       (This may have to change if this code changes!)
+  assert(array_klass->is_klass(), "not a class");
+  Handle holder(THREAD, array_klass->klass_holder()); // keep the klass alive
+  Klass* elem_klass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(array_klass)->element_klass();
+  assert(elem_klass->is_inline_klass(), "must be");
+  // Logically creates elements, ensure klass init
+  elem_klass->initialize(CHECK);
+
+  const ArrayProperties props = ArrayProperties::Default().with_null_restricted();
+  arrayOop obj = oopFactory::new_objArray(elem_klass, length, props, CHECK);
+
+  current->set_vm_result_oop(obj);
+  // This is pretty rare but this runtime patch is stressful to deoptimization
+  // if we deoptimize here so force a deopt to stress the path.
+  if (DeoptimizeALot) {
+    deopt_caller(current);
+  }
+JRT_END
+
 
 JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::new_multi_array(JavaThread* current, Klass* klass, int rank, jint* dims))
 #ifndef PRODUCT
@@ -447,6 +487,96 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::new_multi_array(JavaThread* current, Klass* klass, int
 JRT_END
 
 
+static void profile_flat_array(JavaThread* current, bool load, bool null_free) {
+  ResourceMark rm(current);
+  vframeStream vfst(current, true);
+  assert(!vfst.at_end(), "Java frame must exist");
+  // Check if array access profiling is enabled
+  if (vfst.nm()->comp_level() != CompLevel_full_profile || !C1UpdateMethodData) {
+    return;
+  }
+  int bci = vfst.bci();
+  Method* method = vfst.method();
+  MethodData* md = method->method_data();
+  if (md != nullptr) {
+    // Lock to access ProfileData, and ensure lock is not broken by a safepoint
+    MutexLocker ml(md->extra_data_lock(), Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
+
+    ProfileData* data = md->bci_to_data(bci);
+    assert(data != nullptr, "incorrect profiling entry");
+    if (data->is_ArrayLoadData()) {
+      assert(load, "should be an array load");
+      ArrayLoadData* load_data = (ArrayLoadData*) data;
+      load_data->set_flat_array();
+      if (null_free) {
+        load_data->set_null_free_array();
+      }
+    } else {
+      assert(data->is_ArrayStoreData(), "");
+      assert(!load, "should be an array store");
+      ArrayStoreData* store_data = (ArrayStoreData*) data;
+      store_data->set_flat_array();
+      if (null_free) {
+        store_data->set_null_free_array();
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::load_flat_array(JavaThread* current, flatArrayOopDesc* array, int index))
+  assert(array->klass()->is_flatArray_klass(), "should not be called");
+  profile_flat_array(current, true, array->is_null_free_array());
+
+  NOT_PRODUCT(_load_flat_array_slowcase_cnt++;)
+  assert(array->length() > 0 && index < array->length(), "already checked");
+  flatArrayHandle vah(current, array);
+  oop obj = array->obj_at(index, CHECK);
+  current->set_vm_result_oop(obj);
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::store_flat_array(JavaThread* current, flatArrayOopDesc* array, int index, oopDesc* value))
+  assert(array->is_flatArray(), "should not be called");
+  profile_flat_array(current, false, array->is_null_free_array());
+
+  NOT_PRODUCT(_store_flat_array_slowcase_cnt++;)
+  if (value == nullptr && array->is_null_free_array()) {
+    SharedRuntime::throw_and_post_jvmti_exception(current, vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
+  } else {
+    array->obj_at_put(index, value, CHECK);
+  }
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_ENTRY(int, Runtime1::substitutability_check(JavaThread* current, oopDesc* left, oopDesc* right))
+  NOT_PRODUCT(_substitutability_check_slowcase_cnt++;)
+  JavaCallArguments args;
+  args.push_oop(Handle(THREAD, left));
+  args.push_oop(Handle(THREAD, right));
+  JavaValue result(T_BOOLEAN);
+  JavaCalls::call_static(&result,
+                         vmClasses::ValueObjectMethods_klass(),
+                         vmSymbols::isSubstitutable_name(),
+                         vmSymbols::object_object_boolean_signature(),
+                         &args, CHECK_0);
+  return result.get_jboolean() ? 1 : 0;
+JRT_END
+
+void Runtime1::buffer_inline_args_impl(JavaThread* current, Method* m, bool allocate_receiver) {
+  JavaThread* THREAD = current;
+  methodHandle method(current, m); // We are inside the verified_entry or verified_inline_ro_entry of this method.
+  oop obj = SharedRuntime::allocate_inline_types_impl(current, method, allocate_receiver, true, CHECK);
+  current->set_vm_result_oop(obj);
+}
+
+JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::buffer_inline_args(JavaThread* current, Method* method))
+  NOT_PRODUCT(_buffer_inline_args_slowcase_cnt++;)
+  buffer_inline_args_impl(current, method, true);
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::buffer_inline_args_no_receiver(JavaThread* current, Method* method))
+  NOT_PRODUCT(_buffer_inline_args_no_receiver_slowcase_cnt++;)
+  buffer_inline_args_impl(current, method, false);
+JRT_END
+
 JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::unimplemented_entry(JavaThread* current, StubId id))
   tty->print_cr("Runtime1::entry_for(%d) returned unimplemented entry point", (int)id);
 JRT_END
@@ -764,6 +894,19 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::throw_incompatible_class_change_error(JavaThread* curr
 JRT_END
 
 
+JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception(JavaThread* current))
+  NOT_PRODUCT(_throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception_count++;)
+  ResourceMark rm(current);
+  SharedRuntime::throw_and_post_jvmti_exception(current, vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalMonitorStateException());
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::throw_identity_exception(JavaThread* current, oopDesc* object))
+  NOT_PRODUCT(_throw_identity_exception_count++;)
+  ResourceMark rm(current);
+  char* message = SharedRuntime::generate_identity_exception_message(current, object->klass());
+  SharedRuntime::throw_and_post_jvmti_exception(current, vmSymbols::java_lang_IdentityException(), message);
+JRT_END
+
 JRT_BLOCK_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::monitorenter(JavaThread* current, oopDesc* obj, BasicObjectLock* lock))
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   if (PrintC1Statistics) {
@@ -966,6 +1109,9 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::patch_code(JavaThread* current, StubId stub_id ))
   BasicType patch_field_type = T_ILLEGAL;
   bool deoptimize_for_volatile = false;
   bool deoptimize_for_atomic = false;
+  bool deoptimize_for_null_free = false;
+  bool deoptimize_for_flat = false;
+  bool deoptimize_for_strict_static = false;
   int patch_field_offset = -1;
   Klass* init_klass = nullptr; // klass needed by load_klass_patching code
   Klass* load_klass = nullptr; // klass needed by load_klass_patching code
@@ -994,6 +1140,20 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::patch_code(JavaThread* current, StubId stub_id ))
     // handling in the volatile case.
 
     deoptimize_for_volatile = result.access_flags().is_volatile();
+
+    // The field we are patching is null-free. Deoptimize and regenerate
+    // the compiled code if we patch a putfield/putstatic because it
+    // does not contain the required null check.
+    deoptimize_for_null_free = result.is_null_free_inline_type() && (field_access.is_putfield() || field_access.is_putstatic());
+
+    // The field we are patching is flat. Deoptimize and regenerate
+    // the compiled code which can't handle the layout of the flat
+    // field because it was unknown at compile time.
+    deoptimize_for_flat = result.is_flat();
+
+    // Strict statics may require tracking if their class is not fully initialized.
+    // For now we can bail out of the compiler and let the interpreter handle it.
+    deoptimize_for_strict_static = result.is_strict_static_unset();
   } else if (load_klass_or_mirror_patch_id) {
     Klass* k = nullptr;
     switch (code) {
@@ -1028,6 +1188,12 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::patch_code(JavaThread* current, StubId stub_id ))
         { Bytecode_anewarray anew(caller_method(), caller_method->bcp_from(bci));
           Klass* ek = caller_method->constants()->klass_at(anew.index(), CHECK);
           k = ek->array_klass(CHECK);
+          if (!k->is_typeArray_klass() && !k->is_refArray_klass() && !k->is_flatArray_klass()) {
+            k = ObjArrayKlass::cast(k)->klass_with_properties(ArrayProperties::Default(), THREAD);
+          }
+          if (k->is_flatArray_klass()) {
+            deoptimize_for_flat = true;
+          }
         }
         break;
       case Bytecodes::_ldc:
@@ -1066,12 +1232,26 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::patch_code(JavaThread* current, StubId stub_id ))
     ShouldNotReachHere();
   }
 
-  if (deoptimize_for_volatile) {
+  if (deoptimize_for_volatile  ||
+      deoptimize_for_null_free ||
+      deoptimize_for_flat      ||
+      deoptimize_for_strict_static) {
     // At compile time we assumed the field wasn't volatile but after
     // loading it turns out it was volatile so we have to throw the
     // compiled code out and let it be regenerated.
     if (TracePatching) {
-      tty->print_cr("Deoptimizing for patching volatile field reference");
+      if (deoptimize_for_volatile) {
+        tty->print_cr("Deoptimizing for patching volatile field reference");
+      }
+      if (deoptimize_for_null_free) {
+        tty->print_cr("Deoptimizing for patching null-free field reference");
+      }
+      if (deoptimize_for_flat) {
+        tty->print_cr("Deoptimizing for patching flat field or array reference");
+      }
+      if (deoptimize_for_strict_static) {
+        tty->print_cr("Deoptimizing for patching strict static field reference");
+      }
     }
 
     // It's possible the nmethod was invalidated in the last
@@ -1522,8 +1702,15 @@ void Runtime1::print_statistics() {
 
   tty->print_cr(" _new_type_array_slowcase_cnt:    %u", _new_type_array_slowcase_cnt);
   tty->print_cr(" _new_object_array_slowcase_cnt:  %u", _new_object_array_slowcase_cnt);
+  tty->print_cr(" _new_null_free_array_slowcase_cnt: %u", _new_null_free_array_slowcase_cnt);
   tty->print_cr(" _new_instance_slowcase_cnt:      %u", _new_instance_slowcase_cnt);
   tty->print_cr(" _new_multi_array_slowcase_cnt:   %u", _new_multi_array_slowcase_cnt);
+  tty->print_cr(" _load_flat_array_slowcase_cnt:   %u", _load_flat_array_slowcase_cnt);
+  tty->print_cr(" _store_flat_array_slowcase_cnt:  %u", _store_flat_array_slowcase_cnt);
+  tty->print_cr(" _substitutability_check_slowcase_cnt: %u", _substitutability_check_slowcase_cnt);
+  tty->print_cr(" _buffer_inline_args_slowcase_cnt:%u", _buffer_inline_args_slowcase_cnt);
+  tty->print_cr(" _buffer_inline_args_no_receiver_slowcase_cnt:%u", _buffer_inline_args_no_receiver_slowcase_cnt);
+
   tty->print_cr(" _monitorenter_slowcase_cnt:      %u", _monitorenter_slowcase_cnt);
   tty->print_cr(" _monitorexit_slowcase_cnt:       %u", _monitorexit_slowcase_cnt);
   tty->print_cr(" _patch_code_slowcase_cnt:        %u", _patch_code_slowcase_cnt);
@@ -1534,6 +1721,8 @@ void Runtime1::print_statistics() {
   tty->print_cr(" _throw_null_pointer_exception_count:           %u:", _throw_null_pointer_exception_count);
   tty->print_cr(" _throw_class_cast_exception_count:             %u:", _throw_class_cast_exception_count);
   tty->print_cr(" _throw_incompatible_class_change_error_count:  %u:", _throw_incompatible_class_change_error_count);
+  tty->print_cr(" _throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception_count:  %u:", _throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception_count);
+  tty->print_cr(" _throw_identity_exception_count:               %u:", _throw_identity_exception_count);
   tty->print_cr(" _throw_count:                                  %u:", _throw_count);
 
   SharedRuntime::print_ic_miss_histogram();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp
index 6fa17e53c19..c8a19d9bf3e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp
@@ -56,8 +56,14 @@ class Runtime1: public AllStatic {
   static uint _arraycopy_checkcast_attempt_cnt;
   static uint _new_type_array_slowcase_cnt;
   static uint _new_object_array_slowcase_cnt;
+  static uint _new_null_free_array_slowcase_cnt;
   static uint _new_instance_slowcase_cnt;
   static uint _new_multi_array_slowcase_cnt;
+  static uint _load_flat_array_slowcase_cnt;
+  static uint _store_flat_array_slowcase_cnt;
+  static uint _substitutability_check_slowcase_cnt;
+  static uint _buffer_inline_args_slowcase_cnt;
+  static uint _buffer_inline_args_no_receiver_slowcase_cnt;
   static uint _monitorenter_slowcase_cnt;
   static uint _monitorexit_slowcase_cnt;
   static uint _patch_code_slowcase_cnt;
@@ -67,11 +73,14 @@ class Runtime1: public AllStatic {
   static uint _throw_null_pointer_exception_count;
   static uint _throw_class_cast_exception_count;
   static uint _throw_incompatible_class_change_error_count;
+  static uint _throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception_count;
+  static uint _throw_identity_exception_count;
   static uint _throw_count;
 #endif
 
  private:
   static CodeBlob* _blobs[(int)StubInfo::C1_STUB_COUNT];
+  static void buffer_inline_args_impl(JavaThread* current, Method* m, bool allocate_receiver);
 
   // stub generation
  public:
@@ -91,7 +100,13 @@ class Runtime1: public AllStatic {
   static void new_instance    (JavaThread* current, Klass* klass);
   static void new_type_array  (JavaThread* current, Klass* klass, jint length);
   static void new_object_array(JavaThread* current, Klass* klass, jint length);
+  static void new_null_free_array(JavaThread* current, Klass* klass, jint length);
   static void new_multi_array (JavaThread* current, Klass* klass, int rank, jint* dims);
+  static void load_flat_array(JavaThread* current, flatArrayOopDesc* array, int index);
+  static void store_flat_array(JavaThread* current, flatArrayOopDesc* array, int index, oopDesc* value);
+  static int  substitutability_check(JavaThread* current, oopDesc* left, oopDesc* right);
+  static void buffer_inline_args(JavaThread* current, Method* method);
+  static void buffer_inline_args_no_receiver(JavaThread* current, Method* method);
 
   static address counter_overflow(JavaThread* current, int bci, Method* method);
 
@@ -105,6 +120,8 @@ class Runtime1: public AllStatic {
   static void throw_null_pointer_exception(JavaThread* current);
   static void throw_class_cast_exception(JavaThread* current, oopDesc* object);
   static void throw_incompatible_class_change_error(JavaThread* current);
+  static void throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception(JavaThread* current);
+  static void throw_identity_exception(JavaThread* current, oopDesc* object);
   static void throw_array_store_exception(JavaThread* current, oopDesc* object);
 
   static void monitorenter(JavaThread* current, oopDesc* obj, BasicObjectLock* lock);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_ValueMap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_ValueMap.cpp
index 2d7634f6308..56bbdaf6c44 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_ValueMap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_ValueMap.cpp
@@ -613,6 +613,8 @@ void GlobalValueNumbering::substitute(Instruction* instr) {
   assert(!instr->has_subst(), "substitution already set");
   Value subst = current_map()->find_insert(instr);
   if (subst != instr) {
+    assert(instr->as_LoadIndexed() == nullptr || !instr->as_LoadIndexed()->should_profile(), "should not be optimized out");
+    assert(instr->as_StoreIndexed() == nullptr, "should not be optimized out");
     assert(!subst->has_subst(), "can't have a substitution");
 
     TRACE_VALUE_NUMBERING(tty->print_cr("substitution for %c%d set to %c%d", instr->type()->tchar(), instr->id(), subst->type()->tchar(), subst->id()));
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_ValueMap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_ValueMap.hpp
index 6583a07c920..d5c26e28ff3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_ValueMap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_ValueMap.hpp
@@ -147,6 +147,9 @@ class ValueNumberingVisitor: public InstructionVisitor {
       kill_memory();
     } else {
       kill_field(x->field(), x->needs_patching());
+      if (x->enclosing_field() != nullptr) {
+        kill_field(x->enclosing_field(), true);
+      }
     }
   }
   void do_StoreIndexed   (StoreIndexed*    x) { kill_array(x->type()); }
@@ -211,6 +214,7 @@ class ValueNumberingVisitor: public InstructionVisitor {
   void do_ExceptionObject(ExceptionObject* x) { /* nothing to do */ }
   void do_ProfileCall    (ProfileCall*     x) { /* nothing to do */ }
   void do_ProfileReturnType (ProfileReturnType*  x) { /* nothing to do */ }
+  void do_ProfileACmpTypes(ProfileACmpTypes*  x) { /* nothing to do */ }
   void do_ProfileInvoke  (ProfileInvoke*   x) { /* nothing to do */ };
   void do_RuntimeCall    (RuntimeCall*     x) { /* nothing to do */ };
   void do_MemBar         (MemBar*          x) { /* nothing to do */ };
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_ValueStack.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_ValueStack.cpp
index 9a09c186541..2430850c671 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_ValueStack.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_ValueStack.cpp
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ ValueStack::ValueStack(IRScope* scope, ValueStack* caller_state)
 , _caller_state(caller_state)
 , _bci(-99)
 , _kind(Parsing)
+, _should_reexecute(false)
 , _locals(scope->method()->max_locals(), scope->method()->max_locals(), nullptr)
 , _stack(scope->method()->max_stack())
 , _locks(nullptr)
@@ -42,11 +43,12 @@ ValueStack::ValueStack(IRScope* scope, ValueStack* caller_state)
   verify();
 }
 
-ValueStack::ValueStack(ValueStack* copy_from, Kind kind, int bci)
+ValueStack::ValueStack(ValueStack* copy_from, Kind kind, int bci, bool reexecute)
   : _scope(copy_from->scope())
   , _caller_state(copy_from->caller_state())
   , _bci(bci)
   , _kind(kind)
+  , _should_reexecute(reexecute)
   , _locals(copy_from->locals_size_for_copy(kind))
   , _stack(copy_from->stack_size_for_copy(kind))
   , _locks(copy_from->locks_size() == 0 ? nullptr : new Values(copy_from->locks_size()))
@@ -210,7 +212,6 @@ int ValueStack::unlock() {
   return total_locks_size();
 }
 
-
 void ValueStack::setup_phi_for_stack(BlockBegin* b, int index) {
   assert(stack_at(index)->as_Phi() == nullptr || stack_at(index)->as_Phi()->block() != b, "phi function already created");
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_ValueStack.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_ValueStack.hpp
index bb0c475585c..9b8bdc217d3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_ValueStack.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_ValueStack.hpp
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ class ValueStack: public CompilationResourceObj {
   ValueStack* _caller_state;
   int      _bci;
   Kind     _kind;
+  bool     _should_reexecute;
 
   Values   _locals;                              // the locals
   Values   _stack;                               // the expression stack
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ class ValueStack: public CompilationResourceObj {
   static void apply(const Values& list, ValueVisitor* f);
 
   // for simplified copying
-  ValueStack(ValueStack* copy_from, Kind kind, int bci);
+  ValueStack(ValueStack* copy_from, Kind kind, int bci, bool reexecute);
 
   int locals_size_for_copy(Kind kind) const;
   int stack_size_for_copy(Kind kind) const;
@@ -82,9 +83,9 @@ class ValueStack: public CompilationResourceObj {
   // creation
   ValueStack(IRScope* scope, ValueStack* caller_state);
 
-  ValueStack* copy()                             { return new ValueStack(this, _kind, _bci); }
-  ValueStack* copy(Kind new_kind, int new_bci)   { return new ValueStack(this, new_kind, new_bci); }
-  ValueStack* copy_for_parsing()                 { return new ValueStack(this, Parsing, -99); }
+  ValueStack* copy()                             { return new ValueStack(this, _kind, _bci, _should_reexecute); }
+  ValueStack* copy(Kind new_kind, int new_bci)   { return new ValueStack(this, new_kind, new_bci, _should_reexecute); }
+  ValueStack* copy_for_parsing()                 { return new ValueStack(this, Parsing, -99, false); }
 
   // Used when no exception handler is found
   static Kind empty_exception_kind(bool caller = false) {
@@ -106,6 +107,8 @@ class ValueStack: public CompilationResourceObj {
   ValueStack* caller_state() const               { return _caller_state; }
   int bci() const                                { return _bci; }
   Kind kind() const                              { return _kind; }
+  bool should_reexecute() const                  { return _should_reexecute; }
+  void set_should_reexecute(bool reexec)         { _should_reexecute = reexec; }
 
   int locals_size() const                        { return _locals.length(); }
   int stack_size() const                         { return _stack.length(); }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_globals.hpp
index ff392312874..fad45f747b2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_globals.hpp
@@ -294,7 +294,10 @@
           "Update MethodData*s in Tier 3 C1 generated code")                \
                                                                             \
   develop(bool, PrintCFGToFile, false,                                      \
-          "print control flow graph to a separate file during compilation")
+          "print control flow graph to a separate file during compilation") \
+                                                                            \
+  develop(bool, C1UseDelayedFlattenedFieldReads, true,                      \
+          "Use delayed reads of flat fields to reduce heap buffering")
 
 // end of C1_FLAGS
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMapLogger.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMapLogger.cpp
index 9f338826fd6..728213ce609 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMapLogger.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMapLogger.cpp
@@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ void AOTMapLogger::log_as_hex(address base, address top, address requested_base,
 }
 
 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
-// FakeOop (and subclasses FakeMirror, FakeString, FakeObjArray, FakeTypeArray) are used to traverse
+// FakeOop (and subclasses FakeMirror, FakeString, FakeRefArray, FakeFlatArray, FakeTypeArray) are used to traverse
 // and print the (image of) heap objects stored in the AOT cache. These objects are different than regular oops:
 // - They do not reside inside the range of the heap.
 // - For +UseCompressedOops: pointers may use a different narrowOop encoding: see FakeOop::read_oop_at(narrowOop*)
@@ -552,10 +552,6 @@ class AOTMapLogger::FakeOop {
   OopDataIterator* _iter;
   OopData _data;
 
-  address* buffered_field_addr(int field_offset) {
-    return (address*)(buffered_addr() + field_offset);
-  }
-
 public:
   RequestedMetadataAddr metadata_field(int field_offset) {
     return RequestedMetadataAddr(*(address*)(buffered_field_addr(field_offset)));
@@ -565,6 +561,10 @@ class AOTMapLogger::FakeOop {
     return _data._buffered_addr;
   }
 
+  address* buffered_field_addr(int field_offset) {
+    return (address*)(buffered_addr() + field_offset);
+  }
+
   // Return an "oop" pointer so we can use APIs that accept regular oops. This
   // must be used with care, as only a limited number of APIs can work with oops that
   // live outside of the range of the heap.
@@ -574,7 +574,8 @@ class AOTMapLogger::FakeOop {
   FakeOop(OopDataIterator* iter, OopData data) : _iter(iter), _data(data) {}
 
   FakeMirror as_mirror();
-  FakeObjArray as_obj_array();
+  FakeRefArray as_ref_array();
+  FakeFlatArray as_flat_array();
   FakeString as_string();
   FakeTypeArray as_type_array();
 
@@ -630,6 +631,20 @@ class AOTMapLogger::FakeOop {
     return FakeOop(_iter, _iter->obj_at(addr));
   }
 
+  FakeOop read_inline_oop_at(address value_addr, Klass* k) {
+    OopData data = {
+      value_addr,                                         // _buffered_addr, address of the flat value shifted by the payload offset
+      requested_addr() + (value_addr - buffered_addr()),  // _requested_addr
+      target_location() + (value_addr - buffered_addr()), // _target_location
+      0,                                                  // _narrow_location, narrow oop not used
+      cast_to_oop(value_addr),                            // _raw_oop
+      k,                                                  // _klass
+      0,                                                  // _size
+      false                                               // _is_root_segment
+    };
+    return FakeOop(_iter, data);
+  }
+
   FakeOop obj_field(int field_offset) {
     if (UseCompressedOops) {
       return read_oop_at(raw_oop()->field_addr<narrowOop>(field_offset));
@@ -638,10 +653,10 @@ class AOTMapLogger::FakeOop {
     }
   }
 
-  void print_non_oop_field(outputStream* st, fieldDescriptor* fd) {
+  void print_non_oop_field(outputStream* st, fieldDescriptor* fd, int indent = 0, int base_offset = 0) {
     // fd->print_on_for() works for non-oop fields in fake oops
     precond(fd->field_type() != T_ARRAY && fd->field_type() != T_OBJECT);
-    fd->print_on_for(st, raw_oop());
+    fd->print_on_for(st, raw_oop(), indent, base_offset);
   }
 }; // AOTMapLogger::FakeOop
 
@@ -661,25 +676,49 @@ class AOTMapLogger::FakeMirror : public AOTMapLogger::FakeOop {
   }
 }; // AOTMapLogger::FakeMirror
 
-class AOTMapLogger::FakeObjArray : public AOTMapLogger::FakeOop {
-  objArrayOop raw_objArrayOop() {
-    return (objArrayOop)raw_oop();
+class AOTMapLogger::FakeRefArray : public AOTMapLogger::FakeOop {
+  refArrayOop raw_refArrayOop() {
+    return (refArrayOop)raw_oop();
   }
 
 public:
-  FakeObjArray(OopDataIterator* iter, OopData data) : FakeOop(iter, data) {}
+  FakeRefArray(OopDataIterator* iter, OopData data) : FakeOop(iter, data) {}
 
   int length() {
-    return raw_objArrayOop()->length();
+    return raw_refArrayOop()->length();
   }
   FakeOop obj_at(int i) {
     if (UseCompressedOops) {
-      return read_oop_at(raw_objArrayOop()->obj_at_addr<narrowOop>(i));
+      return read_oop_at(raw_refArrayOop()->obj_at_addr<narrowOop>(i));
     } else {
-      return read_oop_at(raw_objArrayOop()->obj_at_addr<oop>(i));
+      return read_oop_at(raw_refArrayOop()->obj_at_addr<oop>(i));
     }
   }
-}; // AOTMapLogger::FakeObjArray
+}; // AOTMapLogger::FakeRefArray
+
+class AOTMapLogger::FakeFlatArray : public AOTMapLogger::FakeOop {
+  flatArrayOop raw_flatArrayOop() {
+    return (flatArrayOop)raw_oop();
+  }
+
+public:
+  FakeFlatArray(OopDataIterator* iter, OopData data) : FakeOop(iter, data) {}
+
+  int length() {
+    return raw_flatArrayOop()->length();
+  }
+
+  // Create a wrapper for an archived flat array element
+  FakeOop element_at(int i) {
+    InlineKlass* elem_k = ((FlatArrayKlass*)real_klass())->element_klass();
+    address value_addr = (address)raw_flatArrayOop()->value_at_addr(i, real_klass()->layout_helper()) - elem_k->payload_offset();
+    return read_inline_oop_at(value_addr, elem_k);
+  }
+
+  int element_offset_at(int i) {
+    return (address)raw_flatArrayOop()->value_at_addr(i, real_klass()->layout_helper()) - cast_from_oop<address>(raw_flatArrayOop());
+  }
+}; // AOTMapLogger::FakeFlatArray
 
 class AOTMapLogger::FakeString : public AOTMapLogger::FakeOop {
 public:
@@ -719,9 +758,14 @@ AOTMapLogger::FakeMirror AOTMapLogger::FakeOop::as_mirror() {
   return FakeMirror(_iter, _data);
 }
 
-AOTMapLogger::FakeObjArray AOTMapLogger::FakeOop::as_obj_array() {
-  precond(real_klass()->is_objArray_klass());
-  return FakeObjArray(_iter, _data);
+AOTMapLogger::FakeRefArray AOTMapLogger::FakeOop::as_ref_array() {
+  precond(real_klass()->is_refArray_klass());
+  return FakeRefArray(_iter, _data);
+}
+
+AOTMapLogger::FakeFlatArray AOTMapLogger::FakeOop::as_flat_array() {
+  precond(real_klass()->is_flatArray_klass());
+  return FakeFlatArray(_iter, _data);
 }
 
 AOTMapLogger::FakeTypeArray AOTMapLogger::FakeOop::as_type_array() {
@@ -812,23 +856,67 @@ void AOTMapLogger::FakeString::print_on(outputStream* st, int max_length) {
 class AOTMapLogger::ArchivedFieldPrinter : public FieldClosure {
   FakeOop _fake_oop;
   outputStream* _st;
+  int _indent;
+  int _base_offset;
 public:
-  ArchivedFieldPrinter(FakeOop fake_oop, outputStream* st) : _fake_oop(fake_oop), _st(st) {}
+  ArchivedFieldPrinter(FakeOop fake_oop, outputStream* st, int indent = 1, int base_offset = 0) :
+                       _fake_oop(fake_oop), _st(st), _indent(indent), _base_offset(base_offset) {}
 
   void do_field(fieldDescriptor* fd) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < _indent; i++) _st->print("  ");
     _st->print(" - ");
+
+    if (_fake_oop.raw_oop() == nullptr) {
+      fd->print_on(_st, _base_offset);
+      _st->cr();
+      return;
+    }
+
     BasicType ft = fd->field_type();
     switch (ft) {
     case T_ARRAY:
     case T_OBJECT:
       {
-        fd->print_on(_st); // print just the name and offset
-        FakeOop field_value = _fake_oop.obj_field(fd->offset());
-        print_oop_info_cr(_st, field_value);
+        if (fd->is_flat()) {
+          int index = fd->index();
+          InlineKlass* vk = fd->field_holder()->get_inline_type_field_klass(index);
+          int field_offset = fd->offset() - vk->payload_offset();
+          address field_addr = (address)_fake_oop.buffered_field_addr(field_offset);
+          bool is_null = false;
+
+          if (!fd->is_null_free_inline_type()) {
+            assert(fd->has_null_marker(), "should have null marker");
+            is_null = vk->is_payload_marked_as_null(_fake_oop.buffered_addr() + fd->offset());
+            _st->print("Flat inline type field '%s':", vk->name()->as_C_string());
+          } else {
+            _st->print("Flat inline null-free type field '%s':", vk->name()->as_C_string());
+          }
+          // Print fields of flat field (recursively)
+          if (!is_null) {
+            _st->cr();
+            FakeOop obj = _fake_oop.read_inline_oop_at(field_addr, vk);
+            ArchivedFieldPrinter print_field(obj, _st, _indent + 1, _base_offset + field_offset);
+            vk->do_nonstatic_fields(&print_field);
+          } else {
+            _st->print_cr(" null");
+          }
+
+          if (fd->field_flags().has_null_marker()) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < _indent + 1; i++) _st->print("  ");
+            _st->print_cr(" - [null_marker] @%d %s",
+                      vk->null_marker_offset() + _base_offset + field_offset,
+                      is_null ? "Field marked as null" : "Field marked as non-null");
+          }
+          return; // Do not print underlying representation
+        } else {
+          fd->print_on(_st); // print just the name and offset
+          FakeOop field_value = _fake_oop.obj_field(fd->offset());
+          print_oop_info_cr(_st, field_value);
+        }
       }
       break;
     default:
-      _fake_oop.print_non_oop_field(_st, fd); // name, offset, value
+      _fake_oop.print_non_oop_field(_st, fd, _indent, _base_offset); // name, offset, value
       _st->cr();
     }
   }
@@ -966,8 +1054,39 @@ void AOTMapLogger::print_oop_details(FakeOop fake_oop, outputStream* st) {
 
   if (real_klass->is_typeArray_klass()) {
     fake_oop.as_type_array().print_elements_on(st);
-  } else if (real_klass->is_objArray_klass()) {
-    FakeObjArray fake_obj_array = fake_oop.as_obj_array();
+  } else if (real_klass->is_flatArray_klass()) {
+    FakeFlatArray fake_flat_array = fake_oop.as_flat_array();
+    InlineKlass* elem_k = ((FlatArrayKlass*)real_klass)->element_klass();
+    for (int i = 0; i < fake_flat_array.length(); i++) {
+      bool is_null = false;
+      int off = fake_flat_array.element_offset_at(i);
+      FakeOop elm = fake_flat_array.element_at(i);
+
+      if (!real_klass->is_null_free_array_klass()) {
+        is_null = elem_k->is_payload_marked_as_null(elm.buffered_addr() + elem_k->payload_offset());
+        st->print(" - Flat inline type element '%s':", elem_k->name()->as_C_string());
+      } else {
+        st->print(" - Flat inline null-free type element '%s':", elem_k->name()->as_C_string());
+      }
+      st->print(" - Index %3d offset %3d: ", i, off);
+
+      if (!is_null) {
+        st->cr();
+        ArchivedFieldPrinter print_field(elm, st);
+        elem_k->do_nonstatic_fields(&print_field);
+      } else {
+        assert(!real_klass->is_null_free_array_klass(), "must be");
+        st->print_cr(" null");
+      }
+
+      if (!real_klass->is_null_free_array_klass()) {
+        st->print_cr("   - [null_marker] @%d %s",
+                     off + elem_k->null_marker_offset_in_payload(),
+                     is_null ? "Field marked as null" : "Field marked as non-null");
+      }
+    }
+  } else if (real_klass->is_refArray_klass()) {
+    FakeRefArray fake_obj_array = fake_oop.as_ref_array();
     bool is_logging_root_segment = fake_oop.is_root_segment();
 
     for (int i = 0; i < fake_obj_array.length(); i++) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMapLogger.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMapLogger.hpp
index 0a89f1e5012..1a8a2549809 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMapLogger.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMapLogger.hpp
@@ -74,7 +74,8 @@ class AOTMapLogger : AllStatic {
   // FakeOop and subtypes
   class FakeOop;
   class   FakeMirror;
-  class   FakeObjArray;
+  class   FakeRefArray;
+  class   FakeFlatArray;
   class   FakeString;
   class   FakeTypeArray;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMappedHeapLoader.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMappedHeapLoader.cpp
index 7a201d8297f..b8c1fd51ec8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMappedHeapLoader.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMappedHeapLoader.cpp
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
 #include "memory/iterator.inline.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "sanitizers/ub.hpp"
 #include "utilities/bitMap.inline.hpp"
 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
@@ -360,14 +361,14 @@ bool AOTMappedHeapLoader::load_heap_region(FileMapInfo* mapinfo) {
   return true;
 }
 
-objArrayOop AOTMappedHeapLoader::root_segment(int segment_idx) {
+refArrayOop AOTMappedHeapLoader::root_segment(int segment_idx) {
   if (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
     assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap() && Thread::current() == (Thread*)VMThread::vm_thread(), "sanity");
   }
 
-  objArrayOop segment = (objArrayOop)_root_segments->at(segment_idx).resolve();
+  oop segment = _root_segments->at(segment_idx).resolve();
   assert(segment != nullptr, "should have been initialized");
-  return segment;
+  return oop_cast<refArrayOop>(segment);
 }
 
 void AOTMappedHeapLoader::get_segment_indexes(int idx, int& seg_idx, int& int_idx) {
@@ -386,7 +387,7 @@ void AOTMappedHeapLoader::get_segment_indexes(int idx, int& seg_idx, int& int_id
          "sanity: %d index maps to %d segment and %d internal", idx, seg_idx, int_idx);
 }
 
-void AOTMappedHeapLoader::add_root_segment(objArrayOop segment_oop) {
+void AOTMappedHeapLoader::add_root_segment(refArrayOop segment_oop) {
   assert(segment_oop != nullptr, "must be");
   assert(is_in_use(), "must be");
   if (_root_segments == nullptr) {
@@ -403,7 +404,7 @@ oop AOTMappedHeapLoader::get_root(int index) {
   assert(!_root_segments->is_empty(), "must have loaded shared heap");
   int seg_idx, int_idx;
   get_segment_indexes(index, seg_idx, int_idx);
-  objArrayOop result = objArrayOop(root_segment(seg_idx));
+  refArrayOop result = root_segment(seg_idx);
   return result->obj_at(int_idx);
 }
 
@@ -461,8 +462,7 @@ void AOTMappedHeapLoader::finish_initialization(FileMapInfo* info) {
     intptr_t first_segment_addr = bottom + segments.base_offset();
     for (size_t c = 0; c < segments.count(); c++) {
       oop segment_oop = cast_to_oop(first_segment_addr + (c * segments.max_size_in_bytes()));
-      assert(segment_oop->is_objArray(), "Must be");
-      add_root_segment((objArrayOop)segment_oop);
+      add_root_segment(oop_cast<refArrayOop>(segment_oop));
     }
 
     if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive()) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMappedHeapLoader.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMappedHeapLoader.hpp
index 10f5ce3124f..b0fa18cf573 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMappedHeapLoader.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMappedHeapLoader.hpp
@@ -154,9 +154,9 @@ class AOTMappedHeapLoader : AllStatic {
     return (_loaded_heap_bottom <= o && o < _loaded_heap_top);
   }
 
-  static objArrayOop root_segment(int segment_idx);
+  static refArrayOop root_segment(int segment_idx);
   static void get_segment_indexes(int idx, int& seg_idx, int& int_idx);
-  static void add_root_segment(objArrayOop segment_oop);
+  static void add_root_segment(refArrayOop segment_oop);
   static void init_root_segment_sizes(int max_size_elems);
 
   template<bool IS_MAPPED>
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMappedHeapWriter.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMappedHeapWriter.cpp
index 272f548d731..cfa6c460303 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMappedHeapWriter.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMappedHeapWriter.cpp
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
 #include "oops/oopHandle.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
 #include "runtime/mutexLocker.hpp"
 #include "utilities/bitMap.inline.hpp"
@@ -274,12 +275,13 @@ void AOTMappedHeapWriter::ensure_buffer_space(size_t min_bytes) {
 
 objArrayOop AOTMappedHeapWriter::allocate_root_segment(size_t offset, int element_count) {
   HeapWord* mem = offset_to_buffered_address<HeapWord *>(offset);
-  memset(mem, 0, objArrayOopDesc::object_size(element_count));
+  memset(mem, 0, refArrayOopDesc::object_size(element_count));
 
   // The initialization code is copied from MemAllocator::finish and ObjArrayAllocator::initialize.
   if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
     oopDesc::release_set_mark(mem, Universe::objectArrayKlass()->prototype_header());
   } else {
+    assert(!Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled() || Universe::objectArrayKlass()->prototype_header() == markWord::prototype(), "should be the same");
     oopDesc::set_mark(mem, markWord::prototype());
     oopDesc::release_set_klass(mem, Universe::objectArrayKlass());
   }
@@ -310,7 +312,7 @@ void AOTMappedHeapWriter::copy_roots_to_buffer(GrowableArrayCHeap<oop, mtClassSh
          "Pre-condition: Roots start at aligned boundary: %zu", _buffer_used);
 
   int max_elem_count = ((MIN_GC_REGION_ALIGNMENT - arrayOopDesc::header_size_in_bytes()) / heapOopSize);
-  assert(objArrayOopDesc::object_size(max_elem_count)*HeapWordSize == MIN_GC_REGION_ALIGNMENT,
+  assert(refArrayOopDesc::object_size(max_elem_count)*HeapWordSize == MIN_GC_REGION_ALIGNMENT,
          "Should match exactly");
 
   HeapRootSegments segments(_buffer_used,
@@ -429,7 +431,7 @@ void AOTMappedHeapWriter::copy_source_objs_to_buffer(GrowableArrayCHeap<oop, mtC
 }
 
 size_t AOTMappedHeapWriter::filler_array_byte_size(int length) {
-  size_t byte_size = objArrayOopDesc::object_size(length) * HeapWordSize;
+  size_t byte_size = refArrayOopDesc::object_size(length) * HeapWordSize;
   return byte_size;
 }
 
@@ -457,6 +459,7 @@ HeapWord* AOTMappedHeapWriter::init_filler_array_at_buffer_top(int array_length,
   if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
     oopDesc::release_set_mark(mem, markWord::prototype().set_narrow_klass(nk));
   } else {
+    assert(!Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled() || Universe::objectArrayKlass()->prototype_header() == markWord::prototype(), "should be the same");
     oopDesc::set_mark(mem, markWord::prototype());
     cast_to_oop(mem)->set_narrow_klass(nk);
   }
@@ -728,7 +731,8 @@ void AOTMappedHeapWriter::update_header_for_requested_obj(oop requested_obj, oop
 
   oop fake_oop = cast_to_oop(buffered_addr);
   if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
-    fake_oop->set_mark(markWord::prototype().set_narrow_klass(nk));
+    markWord prototype_header = src_klass->prototype_header().set_narrow_klass(nk);
+    fake_oop->set_mark(prototype_header);
   } else {
     fake_oop->set_narrow_klass(nk);
   }
@@ -738,10 +742,12 @@ void AOTMappedHeapWriter::update_header_for_requested_obj(oop requested_obj, oop
   }
   // We need to retain the identity_hash, because it may have been used by some hashtables
   // in the shared heap.
-  if (!src_obj->fast_no_hash_check()) {
+  if (!src_obj->fast_no_hash_check() && (!(Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled() && src_obj->mark().is_inline_type()))) {
     intptr_t src_hash = src_obj->identity_hash();
     if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
-      fake_oop->set_mark(markWord::prototype().set_narrow_klass(nk).copy_set_hash(src_hash));
+      fake_oop->set_mark(fake_oop->mark().copy_set_hash(src_hash));
+    } else if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+      fake_oop->set_mark(src_klass->prototype_header().copy_set_hash(src_hash));
     } else {
       fake_oop->set_mark(markWord::prototype().copy_set_hash(src_hash));
     }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
index 8106258c331..c933bde2c8f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
@@ -77,6 +77,8 @@
 #include "nmt/memTracker.hpp"
 #include "oops/compressedKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/constantPool.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.hpp"
@@ -501,7 +503,7 @@ void AOTMetaspace::serialize(SerializeClosure* soc) {
   soc->do_tag(arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_BYTE));
   soc->do_tag(sizeof(ConstantPool));
   soc->do_tag(sizeof(ConstantPoolCache));
-  soc->do_tag(objArrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes());
+  soc->do_tag(refArrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes());
   soc->do_tag(typeArrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_BYTE));
   soc->do_tag(sizeof(Symbol));
 
@@ -580,7 +582,14 @@ static void rewrite_bytecodes(const methodHandle& method) {
         case btos:
           // fallthrough
         case ztos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_bgetfield; break;
-        case atos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield; break;
+        case atos: {
+          if (rfe->is_flat()) {
+            new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_vgetfield;
+          } else {
+            new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield;
+          }
+          break;
+        }
         case itos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_igetfield; break;
         case ctos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_cgetfield; break;
         case stos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_sgetfield; break;
@@ -605,7 +614,14 @@ static void rewrite_bytecodes(const methodHandle& method) {
         switch(rfe->tos_state()) {
         case btos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_bputfield; break;
         case ztos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_zputfield; break;
-        case atos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield; break;
+        case atos: {
+          if (rfe->is_flat() || rfe->is_null_free_inline_type()) {
+            new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield;
+          } else {
+            new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield;
+          }
+          break;
+        }
         case itos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_iputfield; break;
         case ctos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_cputfield; break;
         case stos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_sputfield; break;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotReferenceObjSupport.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotReferenceObjSupport.cpp
index 62ed3a56b62..8f003b836ee 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotReferenceObjSupport.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotReferenceObjSupport.cpp
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oopHandle.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
@@ -173,9 +174,9 @@ void AOTReferenceObjSupport::init_keep_alive_objs_table() {
   assert_at_safepoint(); // _keep_alive_objs_table uses raw oops
   oop a = _keep_alive_objs_array.resolve();
   if (a != nullptr) {
-    precond(a->is_objArray());
+    precond(a->is_refArray());
     precond(AOTReferenceObjSupport::is_enabled());
-    objArrayOop array = objArrayOop(a);
+    refArrayOop array = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(a);
 
     _keep_alive_objs_table = new (mtClass)KeepAliveObjectsTable();
     for (int i = 0; i < array->length(); i++) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotStreamedHeapLoader.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotStreamedHeapLoader.cpp
index 7f9f8cf0628..393737e51b9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotStreamedHeapLoader.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotStreamedHeapLoader.cpp
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
 #include "oops/access.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/globals.hpp"
 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
@@ -995,7 +996,7 @@ void AOTStreamedHeapLoader::initialize() {
   // We can't retire a TLAB until the filler klass is set; set it to the archived object klass.
   CollectedHeap::set_filler_object_klass(vmClasses::Object_klass());
 
-  objArrayOop roots = oopFactory::new_objectArray(_num_roots, CHECK);
+  refArrayOop roots = oopFactory::new_objectArray(_num_roots, CHECK);
   _roots = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), roots);
 
   _object_index_to_buffer_offset_table = (size_t*)(((address)_heap_region->mapped_base()) + forwarding_offset);
@@ -1051,7 +1052,7 @@ oop AOTStreamedHeapLoader::materialize_root(int root_index) {
   {
     MutexLocker ml(AOTHeapLoading_lock, Mutex::_safepoint_check_flag);
 
-    oop root = objArrayOop(_roots.resolve())->obj_at(root_index);
+    oop root = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(_roots.resolve())->obj_at(root_index);
 
     if (root != nullptr) {
       // The root has already been materialized
@@ -1070,7 +1071,7 @@ oop AOTStreamedHeapLoader::materialize_root(int root_index) {
 }
 
 oop AOTStreamedHeapLoader::get_root(int index) {
-  oop result = objArrayOop(_roots.resolve())->obj_at(index);
+  oop result = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(_roots.resolve())->obj_at(index);
   if (result == nullptr) {
     // Materialize root
     result = materialize_root(index);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotStreamedHeapWriter.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotStreamedHeapWriter.cpp
index 25bef10a673..8009e63e63d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotStreamedHeapWriter.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotStreamedHeapWriter.cpp
@@ -371,14 +371,14 @@ template <typename T> void AOTStreamedHeapWriter::map_oop_field_in_buffer(oop ob
 void AOTStreamedHeapWriter::update_header_for_buffered_addr(address buffered_addr, oop src_obj,  Klass* src_klass) {
   narrowKlass nk = ArchiveBuilder::current()->get_requested_narrow_klass(src_klass);
 
-  markWord mw = markWord::prototype();
+  markWord mw = Arguments::enable_preview() ? src_klass->prototype_header() : markWord::prototype();
   oopDesc* fake_oop = (oopDesc*)buffered_addr;
 
   // We need to retain the identity_hash, because it may have been used by some hashtables
   // in the shared heap. This also has the side effect of pre-initializing the
   // identity_hash for all shared objects, so they are less likely to be written
   // into during run time, increasing the potential of memory sharing.
-  if (src_obj != nullptr) {
+  if (src_obj != nullptr && !src_klass->is_inline_klass()) {
     intptr_t src_hash = src_obj->identity_hash();
     mw = mw.copy_set_hash(src_hash);
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/archiveBuilder.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/archiveBuilder.cpp
index bd0d070b212..09a2e80ebaa 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/archiveBuilder.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/archiveBuilder.cpp
@@ -806,14 +806,20 @@ void ArchiveBuilder::make_klasses_shareable() {
       address narrow_klass_base = _requested_static_archive_bottom; // runtime encoding base == runtime mapping start
       const int narrow_klass_shift = precomputed_narrow_klass_shift();
       narrowKlass nk = CompressedKlassPointers::encode_not_null_without_asserts(requested_k, narrow_klass_base, narrow_klass_shift);
-      k->set_prototype_header(markWord::prototype().set_narrow_klass(nk));
+      k->set_prototype_header_klass(nk);
     }
 #endif //_LP64
-    if (k->is_objArray_klass()) {
+    if (k->is_flatArray_klass()) {
+      num_obj_array_klasses ++;
+      type = "flat array";
+    } else if (k->is_refArray_klass()) {
+        num_obj_array_klasses ++;
+        type = "ref array";
+    } else if (k->is_objArray_klass()) {
       // InstanceKlass and TypeArrayKlass will in turn call remove_unshareable_info
       // on their array classes.
       num_obj_array_klasses ++;
-      type = "array";
+      type = "obj array";
     } else if (k->is_typeArray_klass()) {
       num_type_array_klasses ++;
       type = "array";
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/archiveUtils.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/archiveUtils.cpp
index bfaa1d6644c..7261fb1a5c6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/archiveUtils.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/archiveUtils.cpp
@@ -551,7 +551,7 @@ bool ArchiveUtils::has_aot_initialized_mirror(InstanceKlass* src_ik) {
 
 size_t HeapRootSegments::size_in_bytes(size_t seg_idx) {
   assert(seg_idx < _count, "In range");
-  return objArrayOopDesc::object_size(size_in_elems(seg_idx)) * HeapWordSize;
+  return refArrayOopDesc::object_size(size_in_elems(seg_idx)) * HeapWordSize;
 }
 
 int HeapRootSegments::size_in_elems(size_t seg_idx) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp
index 63d1f4af4ae..b488269df87 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiAgentList.hpp"
 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
+#include "runtime/globals.hpp"
 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
 #include "runtime/vmThread.hpp"
@@ -165,6 +166,9 @@ const char* CDSConfig::default_archive_path() {
       tmp.print_raw("_nocoh");
     }
 #endif
+    if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+      tmp.print_raw("_preview");
+    }
     tmp.print_raw(".jsa");
     _default_archive_path = os::strdup(tmp.base());
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsEnumKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsEnumKlass.cpp
index 177d1d6e3ad..7684e33e7b8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsEnumKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsEnumKlass.cpp
@@ -91,10 +91,13 @@ void CDSEnumKlass::archive_static_field(int level, KlassSubGraphInfo* subgraph_i
               ik->external_name(), fd.name()->as_C_string());
   }
   oop oop_field = mirror->obj_field(fd.offset());
+  // There should be no oops for ObjArrayKlass but InstanceKlass::array_klasses holds a list of ObjArrayKlass,
+  // therefore we need the super of the refined array klass.
+  Klass* oop_field_klass = oop_field->is_refined_objArray() ? oop_field->klass()->super() : oop_field->klass();
   if (oop_field == nullptr) {
     guarantee(false, "static field %s::%s must not be null",
               ik->external_name(), fd.name()->as_C_string());
-  } else if (oop_field->klass() != ik && oop_field->klass() != ik->array_klass_or_null()) {
+  } else if (oop_field_klass != ik && oop_field_klass != ik->array_klass_or_null()) {
     guarantee(false, "static field %s::%s is of the wrong type",
               ik->external_name(), fd.name()->as_C_string());
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsHeapVerifier.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsHeapVerifier.cpp
index 3ed0dce1f66..5608395db13 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsHeapVerifier.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsHeapVerifier.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
 #include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oopHandle.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
 
@@ -93,6 +94,18 @@
 //     initialization; this string is never changed during -Xshare:dump.
 // [D] Simple caches whose value doesn't matter.
 // [E] Other cases (see comments in-line below).
+//
+// LIMITATION:
+//
+// CDSHeapVerifier can only check for problems with object identity. In the example above,
+// if the Bar type has identity, the program's correctness requires that the identity
+// of Foo.bar and Bar.bar to be equal. This requirement can be checked by CDSHeapVerifier.
+//
+// However, if Bar does not have identity (e.g., it's a value class, or is a primitive type),
+// the program's correctness no longer requires that the identity of Foo.bar and Bar.bar
+// to be equal (since they don't have an identity anymore). While the program's
+// correctness may still have certain assumptions about Foo.bar and Bar.bar (such as the
+// internal fields of these two values), such assumptions cannot be checked by CDSHeapVerifier.
 
 CDSHeapVerifier::CDSHeapVerifier() : _archived_objs(0), _problems(0)
 {
@@ -293,6 +306,14 @@ class CDSHeapVerifier::CheckStaticFields : public FieldClosure {
         }
       }
 
+      if (!field_type->is_identity_class()) {
+        // See comment of LIMITATION above
+        // Any concrete value class will have a field ".null_reset" which holds an
+        // all-zero instance of the value class so it will not change between
+        // dump time and runtime.
+        return;
+      }
+
       if (fd->is_final() && java_lang_String::is_instance(static_obj_field) && fd->has_initial_value()) {
         // This field looks like like this in the Java source:
         //    static final SOME_STRING = "a string literal";
@@ -484,8 +505,8 @@ int CDSHeapVerifier::trace_to_root(outputStream* st, oop orig_obj, oop orig_fiel
       TraceFields clo(orig_obj, orig_field, st);
       InstanceKlass::cast(k)->do_nonstatic_fields(&clo);
     } else {
-      assert(orig_obj->is_objArray(), "must be");
-      objArrayOop array = (objArrayOop)orig_obj;
+      assert(orig_obj->is_refArray(), "must be");
+      refArrayOop array = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(orig_obj);
       for (int i = 0; i < array->length(); i++) {
         if (array->obj_at(i) == orig_field) {
           st->print(" @[%d]", i);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsProtectionDomain.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsProtectionDomain.cpp
index ff15fdccabe..b5e0618d997 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsProtectionDomain.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsProtectionDomain.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2021, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/refArrayOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/symbol.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
 
@@ -294,41 +296,38 @@ void CDSProtectionDomain::atomic_set_array_index(OopHandle array, int index, oop
   // The important thing here is that all threads pick up the same result.
   // It doesn't matter which racing thread wins, as long as only one
   // result is used by all threads, and all future queries.
-  ((objArrayOop)array.resolve())->replace_if_null(index, o);
+  oop_cast<refArrayOop>(array.resolve())->replace_if_null(index, o);
 }
 
 oop CDSProtectionDomain::shared_protection_domain(int index) {
-  return ((objArrayOop)_shared_protection_domains.resolve())->obj_at(index);
+  return oop_cast<refArrayOop>(_shared_protection_domains.resolve())->obj_at(index);
 }
 
 void CDSProtectionDomain::allocate_shared_protection_domain_array(int size, TRAPS) {
   if (_shared_protection_domains.resolve() == nullptr) {
-    oop spd = oopFactory::new_objArray(
-        vmClasses::ProtectionDomain_klass(), size, CHECK);
+    oop spd = oopFactory::new_refArray(vmClasses::ProtectionDomain_klass(), size, CHECK);
     _shared_protection_domains = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), spd);
   }
 }
 
 oop CDSProtectionDomain::shared_jar_url(int index) {
-  return ((objArrayOop)_shared_jar_urls.resolve())->obj_at(index);
+  return oop_cast<refArrayOop>(_shared_jar_urls.resolve())->obj_at(index);
 }
 
 void CDSProtectionDomain::allocate_shared_jar_url_array(int size, TRAPS) {
   if (_shared_jar_urls.resolve() == nullptr) {
-    oop sju = oopFactory::new_objArray(
-        vmClasses::URL_klass(), size, CHECK);
+    oop sju = oopFactory::new_refArray(vmClasses::URL_klass(), size, CHECK);
     _shared_jar_urls = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), sju);
   }
 }
 
 oop CDSProtectionDomain::shared_jar_manifest(int index) {
-  return ((objArrayOop)_shared_jar_manifests.resolve())->obj_at(index);
+  return oop_cast<refArrayOop>(_shared_jar_manifests.resolve())->obj_at(index);
 }
 
 void CDSProtectionDomain::allocate_shared_jar_manifest_array(int size, TRAPS) {
   if (_shared_jar_manifests.resolve() == nullptr) {
-    oop sjm = oopFactory::new_objArray(
-        vmClasses::Jar_Manifest_klass(), size, CHECK);
+    oop sjm = oopFactory::new_refArray(vmClasses::Jar_Manifest_klass(), size, CHECK);
     _shared_jar_manifests = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), sjm);
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cppVtables.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cppVtables.cpp
index 57da12dee48..64f50327798 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cppVtables.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cppVtables.cpp
@@ -29,13 +29,17 @@
 #include "cds/cppVtables.hpp"
 #include "logging/log.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceClassLoaderKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceRefKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceStackChunkKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/methodCounters.hpp"
 #include "oops/methodData.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/refArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/trainingData.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
@@ -69,6 +73,7 @@ using GrowableArray_ModuleEntry_ptr = GrowableArray<ModuleEntry*>;
 #endif
 
 // Currently, the archive contains ONLY the following types of objects that have C++ vtables.
+// NOTE: this table must be in-sync with sun.jvm.hotspot.memory.FileMapInfo::populateMetadataTypeArray().
 #define CPP_VTABLE_TYPES_DO(f) \
   f(ConstantPool) \
   f(InstanceKlass) \
@@ -79,8 +84,11 @@ using GrowableArray_ModuleEntry_ptr = GrowableArray<ModuleEntry*>;
   f(Method) \
   f(MethodData) \
   f(MethodCounters) \
-  f(ObjArrayKlass) \
   f(TypeArrayKlass) \
+  f(ObjArrayKlass) \
+  f(RefArrayKlass) \
+  f(FlatArrayKlass) \
+  f(InlineKlass) \
   f(KlassTrainingData) \
   f(MethodTrainingData) \
   f(CompileTrainingData) \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp
index c2b321f3c0a..ad819d5d409 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp
@@ -87,6 +87,77 @@
 #define O_BINARY 0     // otherwise do nothing.
 #endif
 
+inline void CDSMustMatchFlags::do_print(outputStream* st, bool v) {
+  st->print("%s", v ? "true" : "false");
+}
+
+#ifdef _LP64
+inline void CDSMustMatchFlags::do_print(outputStream* st, uint v) {
+  st->print("%u", v);
+}
+#endif
+
+inline void CDSMustMatchFlags::do_print(outputStream* st, intx v) {
+  st->print("%zd", v);
+}
+
+inline void CDSMustMatchFlags::do_print(outputStream* st, uintx v) {
+  st->print("%zu", v);
+}
+
+inline void CDSMustMatchFlags::do_print(outputStream* st, double v) {
+  st->print("%f", v);
+}
+
+void CDSMustMatchFlags::init() {
+  assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive(), "sanity");
+  _max_name_width = 0;
+
+#define INIT_CDS_MUST_MATCH_FLAG(n) \
+  _v_##n = n; \
+  _max_name_width = MAX2(_max_name_width,strlen(#n));
+  CDS_MUST_MATCH_FLAGS_DO(INIT_CDS_MUST_MATCH_FLAG);
+#undef INIT_CDS_MUST_MATCH_FLAG
+}
+
+bool CDSMustMatchFlags::runtime_check() const {
+#define CHECK_CDS_MUST_MATCH_FLAG(n) \
+  if (_v_##n != n) { \
+    ResourceMark rm; \
+    stringStream ss; \
+    ss.print("VM option %s is different between dumptime (", #n);  \
+    do_print(&ss, _v_ ## n); \
+    ss.print(") and runtime ("); \
+    do_print(&ss, n); \
+    ss.print(")"); \
+    log_info(cds)("%s", ss.as_string()); \
+    return false; \
+  }
+  CDS_MUST_MATCH_FLAGS_DO(CHECK_CDS_MUST_MATCH_FLAG);
+#undef CHECK_CDS_MUST_MATCH_FLAG
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+void CDSMustMatchFlags::print_info() const {
+  LogTarget(Info, cds) lt;
+  if (lt.is_enabled()) {
+    LogStream ls(lt);
+    ls.print_cr("Recorded VM flags during dumptime:");
+    print(&ls);
+  }
+}
+
+void CDSMustMatchFlags::print(outputStream* st) const {
+#define PRINT_CDS_MUST_MATCH_FLAG(n) \
+  st->print("- %-s ", #n);                   \
+  st->sp(int(_max_name_width - strlen(#n))); \
+  do_print(st, _v_##n);                      \
+  st->cr();
+  CDS_MUST_MATCH_FLAGS_DO(PRINT_CDS_MUST_MATCH_FLAG);
+#undef PRINT_CDS_MUST_MATCH_FLAG
+}
+
 // Fill in the fileMapInfo structure with data about this VM instance.
 
 // This method copies the vm version info into header_version.  If the version is too
@@ -242,6 +313,7 @@ void FileMapHeader::populate(FileMapInfo *info, size_t core_region_alignment,
   _use_optimized_module_handling = CDSConfig::is_using_optimized_module_handling();
   _has_aot_linked_classes = CDSConfig::is_dumping_aot_linked_classes();
   _has_full_module_graph = CDSConfig::is_dumping_full_module_graph();
+  _has_valhalla_patched_classes = Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled();
 
   // The following fields are for sanity checks for whether this archive
   // will function correctly with this JVM and the bootclasspath it's
@@ -255,6 +327,7 @@ void FileMapHeader::populate(FileMapInfo *info, size_t core_region_alignment,
   _has_platform_or_app_classes = AOTClassLocationConfig::dumptime()->has_platform_or_app_classes();
   _requested_base_address = (char*)SharedBaseAddress;
   _mapped_base_address = (char*)SharedBaseAddress;
+  _must_match.init();
 }
 
 void FileMapHeader::copy_base_archive_name(const char* archive) {
@@ -323,6 +396,8 @@ void FileMapHeader::print(outputStream* st) {
   st->print_cr("- _ro_ptrmap_start_pos:                     %zu", _ro_ptrmap_start_pos);
   st->print_cr("- use_optimized_module_handling:            %d", _use_optimized_module_handling);
   st->print_cr("- has_full_module_graph                     %d", _has_full_module_graph);
+  st->print_cr("- has_valhalla_patched_classes              %d", _has_valhalla_patched_classes);
+  _must_match.print(st);
   st->print_cr("- has_aot_linked_classes                    %d", _has_aot_linked_classes);
 }
 
@@ -706,6 +781,10 @@ bool FileMapInfo::init_from_file(int fd) {
     }
   }
 
+  if (!header()->check_must_match_flags()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
   return true;
 }
 
@@ -1924,6 +2003,24 @@ bool FileMapHeader::validate() {
     return false;
   }
 
+  if (is_static()) {
+    const char* err = nullptr;
+    if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+      if (!_has_valhalla_patched_classes) {
+        err = "not created";
+      }
+    } else {
+      if (_has_valhalla_patched_classes) {
+        err = "created";
+      }
+    }
+    if (err != nullptr) {
+      log_warning(cds)("This archive was %s with --enable-preview. It is "
+                         "incompatible with the current JVM setting", err);
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
   if (compact_headers() != UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
     aot_log_warning(aot)("Unable to use %s.\nThe %s's UseCompactObjectHeaders setting (%s)"
                      " does not equal the current UseCompactObjectHeaders setting (%s).", file_type, file_type,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.hpp
index f5f6ee235a4..02dd8597013 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.hpp
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
 #include "oops/array.hpp"
 #include "oops/compressedOops.hpp"
+#include "runtime/globals.hpp"
 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
 #include "utilities/bitMap.hpp"
 
@@ -102,6 +103,39 @@ class FileMapRegion: private CDSFileMapRegion {
   void print(outputStream* st, int region_index);
 };
 
+#define CDS_MUST_MATCH_FLAGS_DO(f) \
+  f(UseArrayFlattening) \
+  f(UseFieldFlattening) \
+  f(InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs) \
+  f(InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) \
+  f(UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening) \
+  f(UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening) \
+  f(UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening) \
+  f(UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening) \
+  f(FlatteningBudget)
+
+
+class CDSMustMatchFlags {
+private:
+  size_t _max_name_width;
+#define DECLARE_CDS_MUST_MATCH_FLAG(n) \
+  decltype(n) _v_##n;
+  CDS_MUST_MATCH_FLAGS_DO(DECLARE_CDS_MUST_MATCH_FLAG);
+#undef DECLARE_CDS_MUST_MATCH_FLAG
+
+  inline static void do_print(outputStream* st, bool v);
+  LP64_ONLY(inline static void do_print(outputStream* st, uint v);)
+  inline static void do_print(outputStream* st, intx v);
+  inline static void do_print(outputStream* st, uintx v);
+  inline static void do_print(outputStream* st, double v);
+  void print_info() const;
+
+public:
+  void init();
+  bool runtime_check() const;
+  void print(outputStream* st) const;
+};
+
 class FileMapHeader: private CDSFileMapHeaderBase {
   friend class CDSConstants;
   friend class VMStructs;
@@ -144,6 +178,8 @@ class FileMapHeader: private CDSFileMapHeaderBase {
                                         // some expensive operations.
   bool   _has_aot_linked_classes;       // Was the CDS archive created with -XX:+AOTClassLinking
   bool   _has_full_module_graph;        // Does this CDS archive contain the full archived module graph?
+  bool   _has_valhalla_patched_classes; // Is this archived dumped with --enable-preview?
+  CDSMustMatchFlags _must_match;        // These flags must be the same between dumptime and runtime
   size_t _rw_ptrmap_start_pos;          // The first bit in the ptrmap corresponds to this position in the rw region
   size_t _ro_ptrmap_start_pos;          // The first bit in the ptrmap corresponds to this position in the ro region
 
@@ -250,6 +286,10 @@ class FileMapHeader: private CDSFileMapHeaderBase {
     return (0 <= region && region < NUM_CDS_REGIONS);
   }
 
+  bool check_must_match_flags() const {
+    return _must_match.runtime_check();
+  }
+
   void print(outputStream* st);
 };
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp
index 428a7dd7148..8739b1f6aef 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@
 #include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oopHandle.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
@@ -452,8 +453,25 @@ void HeapShared::make_archived_object_cache_gc_safe() {
 
   // Copy all CachedOopInfo into a new table using a different hashing algorithm
   archived_object_cache()->iterate_all([&] (OopHandle oh, CachedOopInfo info) {
-      new_cache->put_when_absent(oh, info);
-    });
+      if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled() && oh.resolve()->klass()->is_inline_klass()) {
+        // After make_archived_object_cache_gc_safe() returns,
+        // _archived_object_cache->get() is called only from the (future) AOT code
+        // compiler to access heap oops referenced by AOT-compiled method.
+        //
+        // As planned in JDK 27 (JDK-8335368), AOT-compiled methods will only reference
+        // oops that are Strings, mirrors, or exceptions, all of which are not value
+        // objects.
+        //
+        // We exclude value objects from new_cache, as we don't know how to track them
+        // after the GC moves them. This should be fixed when AOT-compiled methods
+        // need to reference value objects.
+        //
+        // Also TODO: the AOT heap should de-duplicate value objects with identical
+        // values. See JDK-8383381
+      } else {
+        new_cache->put_when_absent(oh, info);
+      }
+  });
 
   destroy_archived_object_cache();
   _archived_object_cache = new_cache;
@@ -692,8 +710,9 @@ void HeapShared::add_scratch_resolved_references(ConstantPool* src, objArrayOop
   }
 }
 
-objArrayOop HeapShared::scratch_resolved_references(ConstantPool* src) {
-  return (objArrayOop)_scratch_objects_table->get_oop(src);
+refArrayOop HeapShared::scratch_resolved_references(ConstantPool* src) {
+  oop rr = _scratch_objects_table->get_oop(src);
+  return rr == nullptr ? nullptr : oop_cast<refArrayOop>(rr);
 }
 
 void HeapShared::remove_scratch_resolved_references(ConstantPool* src) {
@@ -890,6 +909,7 @@ void HeapShared::copy_java_mirror(oop orig_mirror, oop scratch_m) {
       narrowKlass nk = CompressedKlassPointers::encode(orig_mirror->klass());
       scratch_m->set_mark(markWord::prototype().set_narrow_klass(nk).copy_set_hash(src_hash));
     } else {
+      // For valhalla, the prototype header is the same as markWord::prototype();
       scratch_m->set_mark(markWord::prototype().copy_set_hash(src_hash));
     }
     assert(scratch_m->mark().is_unlocked(), "sanity");
@@ -898,6 +918,25 @@ void HeapShared::copy_java_mirror(oop orig_mirror, oop scratch_m) {
     assert(src_hash == archived_hash, "Different hash codes: original " INTPTR_FORMAT ", archived " INTPTR_FORMAT, src_hash, archived_hash);
   }
 
+  Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(orig_mirror);
+  if (k != nullptr && k->is_instance_klass()) {
+    InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
+
+    if (ik->is_inline_klass() && ik->is_initialized()) {
+      // Only concrete value classes need the null_reset field
+      InlineKlass* ilk = InlineKlass::cast(k);
+      if (ilk->supports_nullable_layouts()) {
+        scratch_m->obj_field_put(ilk->null_reset_value_offset(), ilk->null_reset_value());
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (ik->has_acmp_maps_offset()) {
+      int maps_offset = ik->acmp_maps_offset();
+      oop maps = orig_mirror->obj_field(maps_offset);
+      scratch_m->obj_field_put(maps_offset, maps);
+    }
+  }
+
   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_aot_linked_classes()) {
     java_lang_Class::set_module(scratch_m, java_lang_Class::module(orig_mirror));
     java_lang_Class::set_protection_domain(scratch_m, java_lang_Class::protection_domain(orig_mirror));
@@ -1114,6 +1153,9 @@ void KlassSubGraphInfo::add_subgraph_object_klass(Klass* orig_k) {
       // to the list.
       return;
     }
+    if (orig_k->is_flatArray_klass()) {
+      _subgraph_object_klasses->append_if_missing(FlatArrayKlass::cast(orig_k)->element_klass());
+    }
   } else {
     assert(orig_k->is_typeArray_klass(), "must be");
     // Primitive type arrays are created early during Universe::genesis.
@@ -1489,11 +1531,24 @@ HeapShared::resolve_or_init_classes_for_subgraph_of(Klass* k, bool do_init, TRAP
       log_info(aot, heap)("%s subgraph %s ", do_init ? "init" : "resolve", k->external_name());
     }
 
+    Array<Klass*>* klasses = record->subgraph_object_klasses();
+
+    if (do_init && klasses != nullptr) {
+      // All the classes of the oops in this subgraph are in the klasses array.
+      // Link them first in case any of the oops are used in the <clinit> methods
+      // invoked in the rest of this function.
+      for (int i = 0; i < klasses->length(); i++) {
+        Klass* klass = klasses->at(i);
+        if (klass->in_aot_cache() && klass->is_instance_klass()) {
+          InstanceKlass::cast(klass)->link_class(CHECK_NULL);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
     resolve_or_init(k, do_init, CHECK_NULL);
 
     // Load/link/initialize the klasses of the objects in the subgraph.
     // nullptr class loader is used.
-    Array<Klass*>* klasses = record->subgraph_object_klasses();
     if (klasses != nullptr) {
       for (int i = 0; i < klasses->length(); i++) {
         Klass* klass = klasses->at(i);
@@ -1525,7 +1580,11 @@ void HeapShared::resolve_or_init(Klass* k, bool do_init, TRAPS) {
   if (!do_init) {
     if (k->class_loader_data() == nullptr) {
       Klass* resolved_k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(k->name(), CHECK);
-      assert(resolved_k == k, "classes used by archived heap must not be replaced by JVMTI ClassFileLoadHook");
+      if (resolved_k->is_array_klass()) {
+        assert(resolved_k == k || resolved_k == k->super(), "classes used by archived heap must not be replaced by JVMTI ClassFileLoadHook");
+      } else {
+        assert(resolved_k == k, "classes used by archived heap must not be replaced by JVMTI ClassFileLoadHook");
+      }
     }
   } else {
     assert(k->class_loader_data() != nullptr, "must have been resolved by HeapShared::resolve_classes");
@@ -1985,7 +2044,8 @@ void HeapShared::check_special_subgraph_classes() {
     for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
       Klass* subgraph_k = klasses->at(i);
       Symbol* name = subgraph_k->name();
-      if (subgraph_k->is_instance_klass() &&
+
+      if (subgraph_k->is_identity_class() &&
           name != vmSymbols::java_lang_Class() &&
           name != vmSymbols::java_lang_String() &&
           name != vmSymbols::java_lang_ArithmeticException() &&
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.hpp
index 10ea35ab56e..8f7378a4a5a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.hpp
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ class HeapShared: AllStatic {
   static void finish_materialize_objects() NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN;
 
   static void write_heap(AOTMappedHeapInfo* mapped_heap_info, AOTStreamedHeapInfo* streamed_heap_info) NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN;
-  static objArrayOop scratch_resolved_references(ConstantPool* src);
+  static refArrayOop scratch_resolved_references(ConstantPool* src);
   static void add_scratch_resolved_references(ConstantPool* src, objArrayOop dest) NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN;
   static void remove_scratch_resolved_references(ConstantPool* src) NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN;
   static void init_dumping() NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/lambdaFormInvokers.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/lambdaFormInvokers.cpp
index 3ff5705b79d..ea10ad4283f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/lambdaFormInvokers.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/lambdaFormInvokers.cpp
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oopHandle.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
@@ -143,7 +144,7 @@ void LambdaFormInvokers::regenerate_holder_classes(TRAPS) {
 
   HandleMark hm(THREAD);
   int len = _lambdaform_lines->length();
-  objArrayHandle list_lines = oopFactory::new_objArray_handle(vmClasses::String_klass(), len, CHECK);
+  refArrayHandle list_lines = oopFactory::new_refArray_handle(vmClasses::String_klass(), len, CHECK);
   for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
     Handle h_line = java_lang_String::create_from_str(_lambdaform_lines->at(i), CHECK);
     list_lines->obj_at_put(i, h_line());
@@ -172,7 +173,7 @@ void LambdaFormInvokers::regenerate_holder_classes(TRAPS) {
     return;
   }
 
-  objArrayHandle h_array(THREAD, (objArrayOop)result.get_oop());
+  refArrayHandle h_array(THREAD, oop_cast<refArrayOop>(result.get_oop()));
   int sz = h_array->length();
   assert(sz % 2 == 0 && sz >= 2, "Must be even size of length");
   for (int i = 0; i < sz; i+= 2) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.cpp
index fd4ac33eb69..d9f2d54427e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.cpp
@@ -555,6 +555,9 @@ void BCEscapeAnalyzer::iterate_one_block(ciBlock *blk, StateInfo &state, Growabl
         set_global_escape(state.apop());
         state.spop();
         ArgumentMap arr = state.apop();
+        // If the array is a flat array, a larger part of it is modified than
+        // the size of a reference. However, if OFFSET_ANY is given as
+        // parameter to set_modified(), size is not taken into account.
         set_modified(arr, OFFSET_ANY, type2size[T_OBJECT]*HeapWordSize);
         break;
       }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciArray.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciArray.cpp
index 6b1a30fec6a..6e8ba210131 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciArray.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciArray.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,8 +27,11 @@
 #include "ci/ciConstant.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciUtilities.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/layoutKind.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
 
@@ -36,7 +39,13 @@
 //
 // This class represents an arrayOop in the HotSpot virtual
 // machine.
+
+arrayOop ciArray::get_arrayOop() const {
+  return oop_cast<arrayOop>(get_oop());
+}
+
 static BasicType fixup_element_type(BasicType bt) {
+  if (bt == T_FLAT_ELEMENT) return T_OBJECT;
   if (is_reference_type(bt))  return T_OBJECT;
   if (bt == T_BOOLEAN)  return T_BYTE;
   return bt;
@@ -59,10 +68,22 @@ ciConstant ciArray::element_value_impl(BasicType elembt,
   case T_ARRAY:
   case T_OBJECT:
     {
-      assert(ary->is_objArray(), "");
-      objArrayOop objary = (objArrayOop) ary;
-      oop elem = objary->obj_at(index);
-      return ciConstant(elembt, CURRENT_ENV->get_object(elem));
+      if (ary->is_refArray()) {
+        refArrayOop refary = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(ary);
+        oop elem = refary->obj_at(index);
+        return ciConstant(elembt, CURRENT_ENV->get_object(elem));
+      } else {
+        assert(ary->is_flatArray(), "");
+        flatArrayOop flatary = oop_cast<flatArrayOop>(ary);
+        assert(CompilerThread::current()->thread_state() == _thread_in_vm, "");
+        JavaThread* THREAD = CompilerThread::current();
+        oop elem = flatary->obj_at(index, THREAD);
+        if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
+          CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+          return ciConstant();
+        }
+        return ciConstant(elembt, CURRENT_ENV->get_object(elem));
+      }
     }
   default:
     break;
@@ -119,6 +140,17 @@ ciConstant ciArray::element_value_by_offset(intptr_t element_offset) {
   return element_value((jint) index);
 }
 
+bool ciArray::is_null_free() const {
+  VM_ENTRY_MARK;
+  return get_arrayOop()->is_null_free_array();
+}
+
+bool ciArray::is_atomic() const {
+  VM_ENTRY_MARK;
+  arrayOop oop = get_arrayOop();
+  return !oop->is_flatArray() || LayoutKindHelper::is_atomic_flat(FlatArrayKlass::cast(oop->klass())->layout_kind());
+}
+
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
 // ciArray::print_impl
 //
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciArray.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciArray.hpp
index d7b913436fe..8cc0712de25 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciArray.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciArray.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "ci/ciConstant.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciObject.hpp"
 #include "oops/arrayOop.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.hpp"
 
@@ -43,8 +44,9 @@ class ciArray : public ciObject {
 protected:
   ciArray( objArrayHandle h_a) : ciObject(h_a), _length(h_a()->length()) {}
   ciArray(typeArrayHandle h_a) : ciObject(h_a), _length(h_a()->length()) {}
+  ciArray(flatArrayHandle h_a) : ciObject(h_a), _length(h_a()->length()) {}
 
-  arrayOop get_arrayOop() const { return (arrayOop)get_oop(); }
+  arrayOop get_arrayOop() const;
 
   const char* type_string() { return "ciArray"; }
 
@@ -66,10 +68,14 @@ class ciArray : public ciObject {
 
   // Current value of an element at the specified offset.
   // Returns T_ILLEGAL if there is no element at the given offset.
-  ciConstant element_value_by_offset(intptr_t element_offset);
+  virtual ciConstant element_value_by_offset(intptr_t element_offset);
 
   // What kind of ciObject is this?
   bool is_array()        { return true; }
+
+  virtual bool is_flat() { return false; }
+  bool is_null_free() const;
+  bool is_atomic() const;
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_CI_CIARRAY_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciArrayKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciArrayKlass.cpp
index 947cc0cb6fc..a1e8adf7f4b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciArrayKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciArrayKlass.cpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include "ci/ciTypeArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciUtilities.inline.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
+#include "oops/arrayKlass.hpp"
 
 // ciArrayKlass
 //
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ ciType* ciArrayKlass::element_type() {
   if (is_type_array_klass()) {
     return ciType::make(as_type_array_klass()->element_type());
   } else {
-    return as_obj_array_klass()->element_klass()->as_klass();
+    return element_klass()->as_klass();
   }
 }
 
@@ -96,11 +97,37 @@ bool ciArrayKlass::is_leaf_type() {
 // ciArrayKlass::make
 //
 // Make an array klass of the specified element type.
-ciArrayKlass* ciArrayKlass::make(ciType* element_type) {
+ciArrayKlass* ciArrayKlass::make(ciType* element_type, bool null_free, bool atomic, bool refined_type) {
   if (element_type->is_primitive_type()) {
     return ciTypeArrayKlass::make(element_type->basic_type());
   } else {
-    return ciObjArrayKlass::make(element_type->as_klass());
+    return ciObjArrayKlass::make(element_type->as_klass(), refined_type, null_free, atomic);
   }
 }
 
+int ciArrayKlass::array_header_in_bytes() {
+  return get_ArrayKlass()->array_header_in_bytes();
+}
+
+ciInstance* ciArrayKlass::component_mirror_instance() const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(
+    oop component_mirror = ArrayKlass::cast(get_Klass())->component_mirror();
+    return CURRENT_ENV->get_instance(component_mirror);
+  )
+}
+
+bool ciArrayKlass::is_elem_null_free() const {
+  ArrayProperties props = properties();
+  assert(props.is_valid(), "meaningless");
+  return props.is_null_restricted();
+}
+
+bool ciArrayKlass::is_elem_atomic() const {
+  ArrayProperties props = properties();
+  assert(props.is_valid(), "meaningless");
+  return !props.is_non_atomic();
+}
+
+ArrayProperties ciArrayKlass::properties() const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return ArrayKlass::cast(get_Klass())->properties();)
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciArrayKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciArrayKlass.hpp
index a64d80b20f3..71b21996a79 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciArrayKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciArrayKlass.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #define SHARE_CI_CIARRAYKLASS_HPP
 
 #include "ci/ciKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/arrayKlass.hpp"
 
 // ciArrayKlass
 //
@@ -48,14 +49,27 @@ class ciArrayKlass : public ciKlass {
 
 public:
   jint dimension() { return _dimension; }
-  ciType* element_type();       // JLS calls this the "component type"
-  ciType* base_element_type();  // JLS calls this the "element type"
+  ciType* element_type();       // JLS calls this the "component type", (T[] for T[][])
+  ciType* base_element_type();  // JLS calls this the "element type", (T for T[][])
   bool is_leaf_type();          // No subtypes of this array type.
 
+  bool is_refined() const { return !is_type_array_klass() && properties().is_valid(); }
+
   // What kind of vmObject is this?
   bool is_array_klass() const { return true; }
 
-  static ciArrayKlass* make(ciType* element_type);
+  // The one-level type of the array elements.
+  virtual ciKlass* element_klass() { return nullptr; }
+
+  static ciArrayKlass* make(ciType* klass, bool null_free = false, bool atomic = false, bool refined_type = false);
+
+  int array_header_in_bytes();
+  ciInstance* component_mirror_instance() const;
+
+  bool is_elem_null_free() const;
+  bool is_elem_atomic() const;
+
+  ArrayProperties properties() const;
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_CI_CIARRAYKLASS_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciClassList.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciClassList.hpp
index bce1e52e80b..04b13d5cae9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciClassList.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciClassList.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -53,17 +53,22 @@ class     ciMethodType;
 class     ciArray;
 class       ciObjArray;
 class       ciTypeArray;
+class       ciFlatArray;
 class   ciSymbol;
 class   ciMetadata;
 class   ciMethod;
 class   ciMethodData;
 class     ciReceiverTypeData;  // part of ciMethodData
 class   ciType;
+class    ciWrapper;
 class    ciReturnAddress;
 class    ciKlass;
 class     ciInstanceKlass;
+class       ciInlineKlass;
 class     ciArrayKlass;
 class       ciObjArrayKlass;
+class         ciFlatArrayKlass;
+class         ciRefArrayKlass;
 class       ciTypeArrayKlass;
 
 // Simulate Java Language style package-private access with
@@ -105,15 +110,19 @@ friend class ciTypeEntries;            \
 friend class ciSpeculativeTrapData;    \
 friend class ciSymbol;                 \
 friend class ciArray;                  \
+friend class ciFlatArray;              \
 friend class ciObjArray;               \
 friend class ciMetadata;               \
 friend class ciReplay;                 \
 friend class ciTypeArray;              \
 friend class ciType;                   \
 friend class ciReturnAddress;          \
+friend class  ciWrapper;               \
 friend class ciKlass;                  \
 friend class ciInstanceKlass;          \
+friend class ciInlineKlass;            \
 friend class ciArrayKlass;             \
+friend class ciFlatArrayKlass;         \
 friend class ciObjArrayKlass;          \
 friend class ciTypeArrayKlass;         \
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciConstant.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciConstant.cpp
index 234cd8171c4..6e09bb7a25a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciConstant.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciConstant.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -31,8 +31,29 @@
 //
 // This class represents a constant value.
 
+ciConstant ciConstant::make_zero_or_null(BasicType bt) {
+  switch (bt) {
+  case T_FLOAT: return ciConstant((jfloat).0f);
+  case T_DOUBLE: return ciConstant((jdouble).0);
+  case T_LONG: return ciConstant((jlong)0L);
+  case T_BOOLEAN:
+  case T_CHAR:
+  case T_BYTE:
+  case T_SHORT:
+  case T_INT:
+    return ciConstant(bt, 0);
+  case T_OBJECT:
+  case T_ARRAY:
+    return ciConstant(bt, CURRENT_ENV->get_object(nullptr));
+  default:
+    ShouldNotReachHere();
+    return ciConstant();
+  }
+}
+
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
 // ciConstant::is_null_or_zero
+// This assumes `this->is_valid()`, otherwise, `as_object` will assert.
 bool ciConstant::is_null_or_zero() const {
   if (!is_java_primitive(basic_type())) {
     return as_object()->is_null_object();
@@ -62,7 +83,7 @@ bool ciConstant::is_loaded() const {
 
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
 // ciConstant::print
-void ciConstant::print() {
+void ciConstant::print() const {
   tty->print("<ciConstant type=%s value=",
              basictype_to_str(basic_type()));
   switch (basic_type()) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciConstant.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciConstant.hpp
index f07d0a170df..de63fbab10d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciConstant.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciConstant.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ class ciConstant {
     return _value._object;
   }
 
+  static ciConstant make_zero_or_null(BasicType);
   bool is_null_or_zero() const;
 
   bool is_valid() const {
@@ -118,7 +119,7 @@ class ciConstant {
   bool is_loaded() const;
 
   // Debugging output
-  void print();
+  void print() const;
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_CI_CICONSTANT_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp
index 50c7bc59ccf..02fcc3ea72e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/resolvedIndyEntry.hpp"
 #include "oops/symbolHandle.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
@@ -489,7 +490,7 @@ ciKlass* ciEnv::get_klass_by_name_impl(ciKlass* accessing_klass,
                              require_local);
     if (elem_klass != nullptr && elem_klass->is_loaded()) {
       // Now make an array for it
-      return ciObjArrayKlass::make_impl(elem_klass);
+      return ciArrayKlass::make(elem_klass);
     }
   }
 
@@ -1355,7 +1356,9 @@ void ciEnv::record_lambdaform(Thread* thread, oop form) {
   }
 
   // Check LambdaForm.names array
-  objArrayOop names = (objArrayOop)obj_field(form, "names");
+  // The type of the array is Name[] and Name is an identity class,
+  // so the array is always an array of references
+  refArrayOop names = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(obj_field(form, "names"));
   if (names != nullptr) {
     RecordLocation lp0(this, "names");
     int len = names->length();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.hpp
index 8167697e84b..4a844bd1f51 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.hpp
@@ -201,8 +201,17 @@ class ciEnv : StackObj {
   }
   ciObjArrayKlass* get_obj_array_klass(Klass* o) {
     if (o == nullptr) return nullptr;
+    assert(o->is_unrefined_objArray_klass(), "must be exact");
     return get_metadata(o)->as_obj_array_klass();
   }
+  ciFlatArrayKlass* get_flat_array_klass(Klass* o) {
+    if (o == nullptr) return nullptr;
+    return get_metadata(o)->as_flat_array_klass();
+  }
+  ciRefArrayKlass* get_ref_array_klass(Klass* o) {
+    if (o == nullptr) return nullptr;
+    return get_metadata(o)->as_ref_array_klass();
+  }
   ciTypeArrayKlass* get_type_array_klass(Klass* o) {
     if (o == nullptr) return nullptr;
     return get_metadata(o)->as_type_array_klass();
@@ -503,6 +512,14 @@ class ciEnv : StackObj {
   void dump_compile_data(outputStream* out);
   void dump_replay_data_version(outputStream* out);
 
+  ciWrapper* make_early_larval_wrapper(ciType* type) const {
+    return _factory->make_early_larval_wrapper(type);
+  }
+
+  ciWrapper* make_null_free_wrapper(ciType* type) const {
+    return _factory->make_null_free_wrapper(type);
+  }
+
   const char *dyno_name(const InstanceKlass* ik) const;
   const char *replay_name(const InstanceKlass* ik) const;
   const char *replay_name(ciKlass* i) const;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciField.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciField.cpp
index 946fea5346f..8a28f51dd1d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciField.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciField.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -22,19 +22,25 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "ci/ciConstant.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciField.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciInstanceKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciSymbol.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciSymbols.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciUtilities.inline.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
 #include "interpreter/linkResolver.hpp"
+#include "jvm_io.h"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/layoutKind.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/reflection.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 
 // ciField
 //
@@ -70,7 +76,7 @@
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
 // ciField::ciField
 ciField::ciField(ciInstanceKlass* klass, int index, Bytecodes::Code bc) :
-    _known_to_link_with_put(nullptr), _known_to_link_with_get(nullptr) {
+  _original_holder(nullptr), _is_flat(false), _known_to_link_with_put(nullptr), _known_to_link_with_get(nullptr) {
   ASSERT_IN_VM;
   CompilerThread *THREAD = CompilerThread::current();
 
@@ -102,6 +108,9 @@ ciField::ciField(ciInstanceKlass* klass, int index, Bytecodes::Code bc) :
     _type = ciType::make(field_type);
   }
 
+  _is_null_free = false;
+  _null_marker_offset = -1;
+
   // Get the field's declared holder.
   //
   // Note: we actually create a ciInstanceKlass for this klass,
@@ -213,6 +222,65 @@ ciField::ciField(fieldDescriptor *fd) :
          "bootstrap classes must not create & cache unshared fields");
 }
 
+// Special copy constructor used to flatten inline type fields by
+// copying the fields of the inline type to a new holder klass.
+ciField::ciField(ciField* declared_field, ciField* subfield) {
+  assert(subfield->holder()->is_inlinetype() || subfield->holder()->is_abstract(), "should only be used for inline type field flattening");
+  assert(!subfield->is_flat(), "subfield must not be flat");
+  assert(declared_field->is_flat(), "declared field must be flat");
+
+  _flags = declared_field->flags();
+  _holder = declared_field->holder();
+  _offset = declared_field->offset_in_bytes() + (subfield->offset_in_bytes() - declared_field->type()->as_inline_klass()->payload_offset());
+
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  char buffer[256];
+  jio_snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%s.%s", declared_field->name()->as_utf8(), subfield->name()->as_utf8());
+  _name = ciSymbol::make(buffer);
+
+  _signature = subfield->_signature;
+  _type = subfield->_type;
+  _is_constant = (declared_field->is_strict() && declared_field->is_final()) || declared_field->is_constant();
+  _known_to_link_with_put = subfield->_known_to_link_with_put;
+  _known_to_link_with_get = subfield->_known_to_link_with_get;
+  _constant_value = ciConstant();
+
+  _is_flat = false;
+  _is_null_free = false;
+  _null_marker_offset = -1;
+  _original_holder = (subfield->_original_holder != nullptr) ? subfield->_original_holder : subfield->_holder;
+  _layout_kind = LayoutKind::UNKNOWN;
+}
+
+// Constructor for the ciField of a null marker
+ciField::ciField(ciField* declared_field) {
+  assert(declared_field->is_flat(), "declared field must be flat");
+  assert(!declared_field->is_null_free(), "must have a null marker");
+
+  _flags = declared_field->flags();
+  _holder = declared_field->holder();
+  _offset = declared_field->null_marker_offset();
+
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  char buffer[256];
+  jio_snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%s.$nullMarker$", declared_field->name()->as_utf8());
+  _name = ciSymbol::make(buffer);
+
+  _signature = ciSymbols::bool_signature();
+  _type = ciType::make(T_BOOLEAN);
+
+  _is_constant = (declared_field->is_strict() && declared_field->is_final()) || declared_field->is_constant();
+  _known_to_link_with_put = nullptr;
+  _known_to_link_with_get = nullptr;
+  _constant_value = ciConstant();
+
+  _is_flat = false;
+  _is_null_free = false;
+  _null_marker_offset = -1;
+  _original_holder = nullptr;
+  _layout_kind = LayoutKind::UNKNOWN;
+}
+
 static bool trust_final_nonstatic_fields(ciInstanceKlass* holder) {
   if (holder == nullptr)
     return false;
@@ -231,6 +299,9 @@ static bool trust_final_nonstatic_fields(ciInstanceKlass* holder) {
   // can't be serialized, so there is no hacking of finals going on with them.
   if (holder->is_hidden())
     return true;
+  // Trust final fields in inline type buffers
+  if (holder->is_inlinetype())
+    return true;
   // Trust final fields in records
   if (holder->is_record())
     return true;
@@ -241,9 +312,19 @@ void ciField::initialize_from(fieldDescriptor* fd) {
   // Get the flags, offset, and canonical holder of the field.
   _flags = ciFlags(fd->access_flags(), fd->field_flags().is_stable(), fd->field_status().is_initialized_final_update());
   _offset = fd->offset();
-  Klass* field_holder = fd->field_holder();
+  InstanceKlass* field_holder = fd->field_holder();
   assert(field_holder != nullptr, "null field_holder");
   _holder = CURRENT_ENV->get_instance_klass(field_holder);
+  _is_flat = fd->is_flat();
+  _is_null_free = fd->is_null_free_inline_type();
+  if (fd->has_null_marker()) {
+    InlineLayoutInfo* li = field_holder->inline_layout_info_adr(fd->index());
+    _null_marker_offset = li->null_marker_offset();
+  } else {
+    _null_marker_offset = -1;
+  }
+  _original_holder = nullptr;
+  _layout_kind = fd->is_flat() ? fd->layout_kind() : LayoutKind::UNKNOWN;
 
   // Check to see if the field is constant.
   Klass* k = _holder->get_Klass();
@@ -286,7 +367,7 @@ ciConstant ciField::constant_value() {
   if (_constant_value.basic_type() == T_ILLEGAL) {
     // Static fields are placed in mirror objects.
     ciInstance* mirror = _holder->java_mirror();
-    _constant_value = mirror->field_value_impl(type()->basic_type(), offset_in_bytes());
+    _constant_value = mirror->field_value_impl(this);
   }
   if (FoldStableValues && is_stable() && _constant_value.is_null_or_zero()) {
     return ciConstant();
@@ -316,7 +397,9 @@ ciType* ciField::compute_type() {
 }
 
 ciType* ciField::compute_type_impl() {
-  ciKlass* type = CURRENT_ENV->get_klass_by_name_impl(_holder, constantPoolHandle(), _signature, false);
+  // Use original holder for fields that came in through flattening
+  ciKlass* accessing_klass = (_original_holder != nullptr) ? _original_holder : _holder;
+  ciKlass* type = CURRENT_ENV->get_klass_by_name_impl(accessing_klass, constantPoolHandle(), _signature, false);
   if (!type->is_primitive_type() && is_shared()) {
     // We must not cache a pointer to an unshared type, in a shared field.
     bool type_is_also_shared = false;
@@ -335,6 +418,10 @@ ciType* ciField::compute_type_impl() {
   return type;
 }
 
+bool ciField::is_atomic() {
+  assert(is_flat(), "should not ask this property for non-flat field %s.%s", holder()->name()->as_utf8(), name()->as_utf8());
+  return LayoutKindHelper::is_atomic_flat(_layout_kind) && !type()->as_inline_klass()->is_naturally_atomic(is_null_free());
+}
 
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
 // ciField::will_link
@@ -379,6 +466,18 @@ bool ciField::will_link(ciMethod* accessing_method,
   fieldDescriptor result;
   LinkResolver::resolve_field(result, link_info, bc, ClassInitMode::dont_init, CHECK_AND_CLEAR_(false));
 
+  // Strict statics may require tracking if their class is not fully initialized.
+  // For now we can bail out of the compiler and let the interpreter handle it.
+  if (is_static && result.is_strict_static_unset()) {
+    // If we left out this logic, we would get (a) spurious <clinit>
+    // failures for C2 code because compiled putstatic would not write
+    // the "unset" bits, and (b) missed failures for too-early reads,
+    // since the compiled getstatic would not check the "unset" bits.
+    // Test C1 on <clinit> with "-XX:TieredStopAtLevel=2 -Xcomp -Xbatch".
+    // Test C2 on <clinit> with "-XX:-TieredCompilation -Xcomp -Xbatch".
+    return false;
+  }
+
   // update the hit-cache, unless there is a problem with memory scoping:
   if (accessing_method->holder()->is_shared() || !is_shared()) {
     if (is_put) {
@@ -409,9 +508,15 @@ bool ciField::is_autobox_cache() {
             klass_name == ciSymbols::java_lang_Long_LongCache()));
 }
 
+bool ciField::empty_null_free_initialized_value_field(bool method_is_safe) {
+  ciType* field_type = type();
+  return is_null_free() && field_type->is_inlinetype() && field_type->as_inline_klass()->is_empty() &&
+         (method_is_safe || is_flat());
+}
+
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
 // ciField::print
-void ciField::print() {
+void ciField::print() const {
   tty->print("<ciField name=");
   _holder->print_name();
   tty->print(".");
@@ -429,6 +534,9 @@ void ciField::print() {
     tty->print(" constant_value=");
     _constant_value.print();
   }
+  tty->print(" is_flat=%s", bool_to_str(_is_flat));
+  tty->print(" is_null_free=%s", bool_to_str(_is_null_free));
+  tty->print(" null_marker_offset=%d", _null_marker_offset);
   tty->print(">");
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciField.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciField.hpp
index ffc8730705f..f3f05911f81 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciField.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciField.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "ci/ciFlags.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciInstance.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciUtilities.hpp"
+#include "oops/layoutKind.hpp"
 
 // ciField
 //
@@ -44,11 +45,16 @@ class ciField : public ArenaObj {
 private:
   ciFlags          _flags;
   ciInstanceKlass* _holder;
+  ciInstanceKlass* _original_holder; // For fields nested in flat fields
   ciSymbol*        _name;
   ciSymbol*        _signature;
   ciType*          _type;
   int              _offset;
+  LayoutKind       _layout_kind;
   bool             _is_constant;
+  bool             _is_flat;
+  bool             _is_null_free;
+  int              _null_marker_offset;
   ciMethod*        _known_to_link_with_put;
   ciInstanceKlass* _known_to_link_with_get;
   ciConstant       _constant_value;
@@ -58,6 +64,8 @@ class ciField : public ArenaObj {
 
   ciField(ciInstanceKlass* klass, int index, Bytecodes::Code bc);
   ciField(fieldDescriptor* fd);
+  ciField(ciField* declared_field, ciField* sudfield);
+  ciField(ciField* declared_field);
 
   // shared constructor code
   void initialize_from(fieldDescriptor* fd);
@@ -91,6 +99,7 @@ class ciField : public ArenaObj {
   //   In that case the declared holder of f would be B and
   //   the canonical holder of f would be A.
   ciInstanceKlass* holder() const { return _holder; }
+  ciInstanceKlass* original_holder() const { return _original_holder; }
 
   // Name of this field?
   ciSymbol* name() const { return _name; }
@@ -104,9 +113,6 @@ class ciField : public ArenaObj {
   // How is this field actually stored in memory?
   BasicType layout_type() { return type2field[(_type == nullptr) ? T_OBJECT : _type->basic_type()]; }
 
-  // How big is this field in memory?
-  int size_in_bytes() { return type2aelembytes(layout_type()); }
-
   // What is the offset of this field? (Fields are aligned to the byte level.)
   int offset_in_bytes() const {
     assert(_offset >= 1, "illegal call to offset()");
@@ -169,6 +175,59 @@ class ciField : public ArenaObj {
   bool is_stable               () const { return flags().is_stable(); }
   bool is_volatile             () const { return flags().is_volatile(); }
   bool is_transient            () const { return flags().is_transient(); }
+  bool is_strict               () const { return flags().is_strict(); }
+  bool is_flat                 () const { return _is_flat; }
+  bool is_null_free            () const { return _is_null_free; }
+  int null_marker_offset       () const { return _null_marker_offset; }
+  LayoutKind layout_kind       () const { return _layout_kind; }
+
+  // Whether this field needs to act atomically. Note that it does not actually need accessing
+  // atomically. For example, if there cannot be racy accesses to this field, then it can be
+  // accessed in a non-atomic manner. Unless this field must be in observably immutable memory,
+  // this method must not depend on the fact that the field cannot be accessed racily (e.g. it is a
+  // strict final field), as if the holder object is flattened as a field that is not strict final,
+  // this property is lost.
+  //
+  // A slice of memory is observably immutable if all stores to it must happen before all loads
+  // from it. A typical example is when the memory is a strict field and its immediate holder is
+  // not a field inside another object.
+  //
+  // For example:
+  // value class A {
+  //     int x;
+  //     int y;
+  // }
+  // value class AHolder {
+  //     A v;
+  // }
+  // class AHolderHolder {
+  //     AHolder v;
+  // }
+  // The field AHolder.v is flattened in AHolder, but AHolder cannot be flattened in AHolderHolder
+  // because we cannot access AHolderHolder.v atomically. As a result, we can say that the field is
+  // non-atomic. In this case, AHolder.v has its layout being NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT, this
+  // prevents its holder from being flattened in observably mutable memory.
+  //
+  // Another example:
+  // value class B {
+  //     int v;
+  // }
+  // looselyconsistent value class BHolder {
+  //     B v;
+  //     byte b;
+  // }
+  // class BHolderHolder {
+  //     null-free BHolder v;
+  // }
+  // The field BHolder.v is flattened in BHolder, and BHolder can be flattened further in
+  // BHolderHolder. In this case, while BHolder.v can be accessed in a non-atomic manner if BHolder
+  // is a standalone object, it must still be accessed atomically when it is a subfield in
+  // BHolderHolder.v. As a result, the field BHolder.v must still return true for this method, so
+  // that the compiler knows to access it correctly in all circumstances. Implementation-wise,
+  // BHolder.v has its layout being NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT, which still allows its holder to be
+  // flattened in observably mutable memory.
+  bool is_atomic();
+
   // The field is modified outside of instance initializer methods
   // (or class/initializer methods if the field is static).
   bool has_initialized_final_update() const { return flags().has_initialized_final_update(); }
@@ -177,8 +236,10 @@ class ciField : public ArenaObj {
 
   bool is_autobox_cache();
 
+  bool empty_null_free_initialized_value_field(bool method_is_safe);
+
   // Debugging output
-  void print();
+  void print() const;
   void print_name_on(outputStream* st);
 };
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciFlags.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciFlags.cpp
index 5eade4a12c1..92bb8d04705 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciFlags.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciFlags.cpp
@@ -40,15 +40,18 @@ void ciFlags::print_klass_flags(outputStream* st) {
   if (is_final()) {
     st->print(",final");
   }
-  if (is_super()) {
-    st->print(",super");
-  }
   if (is_interface()) {
     st->print(",interface");
   }
   if (is_abstract()) {
     st->print(",abstract");
   }
+  if (is_identity()) {
+    st->print(",identity");
+  }
+  if (is_strict()) {
+    st->print(",strict");
+  }
 }
 
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciFlags.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciFlags.hpp
index 426f953611f..7ea47173177 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciFlags.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciFlags.hpp
@@ -54,12 +54,15 @@ class ciFlags {
   bool is_static               () const { return _flags.is_static();       }
   bool is_final                () const { return _flags.is_final();        }
   bool is_synchronized         () const { return _flags.is_synchronized(); }
-  bool is_super                () const { return _flags.is_super();        }
   bool is_volatile             () const { return _flags.is_volatile();     }
   bool is_transient            () const { return _flags.is_transient();    }
   bool is_native               () const { return _flags.is_native();       }
   bool is_interface            () const { return _flags.is_interface();    }
   bool is_abstract             () const { return _flags.is_abstract();     }
+  bool is_varargs              () const { return _flags.is_varargs();      }
+  bool is_identity             () const { return _flags.is_identity_class(); }
+  bool is_strict               () const { return _flags.is_strict();       }
+
   bool is_stable               () const { return _stable; }
   // In case the current object represents a field, return true if
   // the field is modified outside of instance initializer methods
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciFlatArray.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciFlatArray.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0180fbdb868
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciFlatArray.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "ci/ciArray.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciConstant.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciField.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciFlatArray.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciUtilities.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+
+// Current value of an element.
+// Returns T_ILLEGAL if there is no element at the given index.
+ciConstant ciFlatArray::null_marker_of_element_by_index(int index) {
+  ciConstant nm = field_value(index, nullptr);
+  postcond(!nm.is_valid() || nm.basic_type() == T_BOOLEAN);
+  return nm;
+}
+
+ciConstant ciFlatArray::null_marker_of_element_by_offset(intptr_t element_offset) {
+  FlatArrayKlass* faklass;
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(faklass = FlatArrayKlass::cast(get_arrayOop()->klass());)
+  int lh = faklass->layout_helper();
+  int shift = Klass::layout_helper_log2_element_size(lh);
+  intptr_t header = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_FLAT_ELEMENT);
+  intptr_t index = (element_offset - header) >> shift;
+  intptr_t offset = header + (index << shift);
+  if (offset != element_offset || index != (jint) index || index < 0 || index >= length()) {
+    return ciConstant();
+  }
+  return null_marker_of_element_by_index((jint) index);
+}
+
+ciConstant ciFlatArray::element_value_by_offset(intptr_t element_offset) {
+  FlatArrayKlass* faklass;
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(faklass = FlatArrayKlass::cast(get_arrayOop()->klass());)
+  int lh = faklass->layout_helper();
+  int shift = Klass::layout_helper_log2_element_size(lh);
+  intptr_t header = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_FLAT_ELEMENT);
+  intptr_t index = (element_offset - header) >> shift;
+  intptr_t offset = header + (index << shift);
+  if (offset != element_offset || index != (jint) index || index < 0 || index >= length()) {
+    return ciConstant();
+  }
+  return element_value((jint) index);
+}
+
+ciConstant ciFlatArray::field_value_by_offset(intptr_t field_offset) {
+  ciInlineKlass* elt_type = element_type()->as_inline_klass();
+  FlatArrayKlass* faklass;
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(faklass = FlatArrayKlass::cast(get_arrayOop()->klass());)
+  int lh = faklass->layout_helper();
+  int shift = Klass::layout_helper_log2_element_size(lh);
+  intptr_t header = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_FLAT_ELEMENT);
+  intptr_t index = (field_offset - header) >> shift;
+  intptr_t element_offset = header + (index << shift);
+  int field_offset_in_element = (int)(field_offset - element_offset);
+  ciField* field = elt_type->get_field_by_offset(elt_type->payload_offset() + field_offset_in_element, false);
+  if (field == nullptr) {
+    if (field_offset_in_element != elt_type->null_marker_offset_in_payload()) {
+      return ciConstant();
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (index != (jint) index || index < 0 || index >= length()) {
+    return ciConstant();
+  }
+  ciConstant elt = field_value((jint) index, field);
+
+  return elt;
+}
+
+ciConstant ciFlatArray::field_value(int index, ciField* field) {
+  auto get_field_from_object_constant = [field](const ciConstant& v) -> ciConstant {
+    ciObject* obj = v.as_object();
+    if (obj->is_null_object()) {
+      if (field == nullptr) {
+        return ciConstant::make_zero_or_null(T_BOOLEAN);
+      }
+      return ciConstant::make_zero_or_null(field->type()->basic_type());
+    }
+    // obj cannot be a ciArray since it is an element of a flat array, so it must be a value class, which arrays are not.
+    ciInstance* inst = obj->as_instance();
+    if (field == nullptr) {
+      return ciConstant(T_BOOLEAN, 1);
+    }
+    return inst->field_value(field);
+  };
+
+  BasicType elembt = element_basic_type();
+  ciConstant value = check_constant_value_cache(index, elembt);
+  if (value.is_valid()) {
+    return get_field_from_object_constant(value);
+  }
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(
+    value = element_value_impl(T_OBJECT, get_arrayOop(), index);
+  )
+
+  if (!value.is_valid()) {
+    return ciConstant();
+  }
+
+  add_to_constant_value_cache(index, value);
+  return get_field_from_object_constant(value);
+}
+
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciFlatArray.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciFlatArray.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b1ffdd50c2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciFlatArray.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_VM_CI_CIFLATARRAY_HPP
+#define SHARE_VM_CI_CIFLATARRAY_HPP
+
+#include "ci/ciArray.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciClassList.hpp"
+
+// ciFlatArray
+//
+// This class represents a flatArrayOop in the HotSpot virtual machine.
+class ciFlatArray : public ciArray {
+  CI_PACKAGE_ACCESS
+
+protected:
+  ciFlatArray(flatArrayHandle h_o) : ciArray(h_o) {}
+
+  const char* type_string() override { return "ciFlatArray"; }
+
+public:
+  bool is_flat_array() const override { return true; }
+  bool is_flat() override { return true; }
+
+  // Current value of an element at the specified offset.
+  // Returns T_ILLEGAL if there is no element at the given offset.
+  ciConstant element_value_by_offset(intptr_t element_offset) override;
+  ciConstant field_value_by_offset(intptr_t field_offset);
+  ciConstant field_value(int index, ciField* field);
+  ciConstant null_marker_of_element_by_offset(intptr_t element_offset);
+  ciConstant null_marker_of_element_by_index(int index);
+};
+
+#endif // SHARE_VM_CI_CIFLATARRAY_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciFlatArrayKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciFlatArrayKlass.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..197f1fecf53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciFlatArrayKlass.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_VM_CI_CIFLATARRAYKLASS_HPP
+#define SHARE_VM_CI_CIFLATARRAYKLASS_HPP
+
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
+
+// ciFlatArrayKlass
+//
+// This class represents a Klass* in the HotSpot virtual machine
+// whose Klass part is a FlatArrayKlass.
+class ciFlatArrayKlass : public ciObjArrayKlass {
+  CI_PACKAGE_ACCESS
+  friend class ciEnv;
+
+protected:
+  ciFlatArrayKlass(Klass* k) : ciObjArrayKlass(k) {
+    assert(k->is_flatArray_klass(), "wrong type");
+  }
+
+  const FlatArrayKlass* get_FlatArrayKlass() const {
+    return FlatArrayKlass::cast(get_Klass());
+  }
+
+  virtual const char* type_string() override { return "ciFlatArrayKlass"; }
+
+public:
+  LayoutKind layout_kind() const { return get_FlatArrayKlass()->layout_kind(); }
+
+  jint max_elements() const {
+    return get_FlatArrayKlass()->max_elements();
+  }
+
+  int log2_element_size() {
+    return Klass::layout_helper_log2_element_size(layout_helper());
+  }
+
+  int element_byte_size() { return 1 << log2_element_size(); }
+
+  // What kind of ciObject is this?
+  virtual bool is_flat_array_klass() const override { return true; }
+
+  virtual ciKlass* exact_klass() override {
+    assert(element_klass()->as_inline_klass()->exact_klass() != nullptr, "must have exact klass");
+    return this;
+  }
+};
+
+#endif // SHARE_VM_CI_CIFLATARRAYKLASS_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInlineKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInlineKlass.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5e83f7bf648
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInlineKlass.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "ci/ciConstant.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciField.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciUtilities.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/array.hpp"
+#include "runtime/signature.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
+
+// Offset of the first field in the inline type
+int ciInlineKlass::payload_offset() const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return to_InlineKlass()->payload_offset();)
+}
+
+// Could any array containing an instance of this value class ever be flat?
+bool ciInlineKlass::maybe_flat_in_array() const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return to_InlineKlass()->maybe_flat_in_array();)
+}
+
+// Can this inline type be passed as multiple values?
+bool ciInlineKlass::can_be_passed_as_fields() const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return to_InlineKlass()->can_be_passed_as_fields();)
+}
+
+// Can this inline type be returned as multiple values?
+bool ciInlineKlass::can_be_returned_as_fields() const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return to_InlineKlass()->can_be_returned_as_fields();)
+}
+
+bool ciInlineKlass::is_empty() {
+  // Do not use InlineKlass::is_empty_inline_type here because it does
+  // consider the container empty even if fields of empty inline types
+  // are not flat
+  return nof_declared_nonstatic_fields() == 0;
+}
+
+bool ciInlineKlass::is_cloneable() const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return get_InlineKlass()->is_cloneable();)
+}
+
+int ciInlineKlass::inline_arg_length() const {
+  VM_ENTRY_MARK;
+  return get_InlineKlass()->extended_sig()->length();
+}
+
+// When passing an inline type's fields as arguments, count the number
+// of argument slots that are needed
+int ciInlineKlass::inline_arg_slots() const {
+  VM_ENTRY_MARK;
+  const Array<SigEntry>* sig_vk = get_InlineKlass()->extended_sig();
+  int slots = 0;
+  for (int i = 0; i < sig_vk->length(); i++) {
+    BasicType bt = sig_vk->at(i)._bt;
+    if (bt == T_METADATA || bt == T_VOID) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    slots += type2size[bt];
+  }
+  return slots;
+}
+
+bool ciInlineKlass::contains_oops() const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return get_InlineKlass()->contains_oops();)
+}
+
+int ciInlineKlass::oop_count() const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return get_InlineKlass()->nonstatic_oop_count();)
+}
+
+address ciInlineKlass::pack_handler() const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return get_InlineKlass()->pack_handler();)
+}
+
+address ciInlineKlass::unpack_handler() const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return get_InlineKlass()->unpack_handler();)
+}
+
+InlineKlass* ciInlineKlass::get_InlineKlass() const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return to_InlineKlass();)
+}
+
+bool ciInlineKlass::has_null_free_non_atomic_layout() const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return get_InlineKlass()->has_null_free_non_atomic_layout();)
+}
+
+bool ciInlineKlass::has_null_free_atomic_layout() const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return get_InlineKlass()->has_null_free_atomic_layout();)
+}
+
+bool ciInlineKlass::has_nullable_atomic_layout() const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return get_InlineKlass()->has_nullable_atomic_layout();)
+}
+
+int ciInlineKlass::null_marker_offset_in_payload() const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return get_InlineKlass()->null_marker_offset_in_payload();)
+}
+
+// Convert size of atomic layout in bytes to corresponding BasicType
+BasicType ciInlineKlass::atomic_size_to_basic_type(bool null_free) const {
+  VM_ENTRY_MARK
+  InlineKlass* vk = get_InlineKlass();
+  assert(!null_free || vk->has_null_free_atomic_layout(), "No null-free atomic layout available");
+  assert( null_free || vk->has_nullable_atomic_layout(), "No nullable atomic layout available");
+  int size = null_free ? vk->null_free_atomic_size_in_bytes() : vk->nullable_atomic_size_in_bytes();
+  BasicType bt = T_ILLEGAL;
+  if (size == sizeof(jlong)) {
+    bt = T_LONG;
+  } else if (size == sizeof(jint)) {
+    bt = T_INT;
+  } else if (size == sizeof(jshort)) {
+    bt = T_SHORT;
+  } else if (size == sizeof(jbyte)) {
+    bt = T_BYTE;
+  } else {
+    assert(false, "Unsupported size: %d", size);
+  }
+  return bt;
+}
+
+bool ciInlineKlass::is_naturally_atomic(bool null_free) {
+  return null_free ? (nof_nonstatic_fields() <= 1) : (nof_nonstatic_fields() == 0);
+}
+
+int ciInlineKlass::field_map_offset() const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return get_InlineKlass()->acmp_maps_offset();)
+}
+
+ciConstant ciInlineKlass::get_field_map() const {
+  VM_ENTRY_MARK
+  InlineKlass* vk = get_InlineKlass();
+  oop array = vk->java_mirror()->obj_field(vk->acmp_maps_offset());
+  return ciConstant(T_ARRAY, CURRENT_ENV->get_object(array));
+}
+
+// All fields of this object are zero even if they are null-free. As a result, this object should
+// only be used to reset the payload of fields or array elements and should not be leaked
+// elsewhere.
+ciConstant ciInlineKlass::get_null_reset_value() {
+  assert(is_initialized(), "null_reset_value is only allocated during initialization of %s", name()->as_utf8());
+  VM_ENTRY_MARK
+  InlineKlass* vk = get_InlineKlass();
+  oop null_reset_value = vk->null_reset_value();
+  return ciConstant(T_OBJECT, CURRENT_ENV->get_object(null_reset_value));
+}
+
+ArrayDescription ciInlineKlass::array_description_of_array_properties(const ArrayProperties& requested_properties) {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return ObjArrayKlass::array_layout_selection(get_InlineKlass(), requested_properties);)
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d77fbf7e7b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_VM_CI_CIINLINEKLASS_HPP
+#define SHARE_VM_CI_CIINLINEKLASS_HPP
+
+#include "ci/ciInstanceKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
+
+// ciInlineKlass
+//
+// Specialized ciInstanceKlass for inline types.
+class ciInlineKlass : public ciInstanceKlass {
+  CI_PACKAGE_ACCESS
+
+private:
+
+  InlineKlass* to_InlineKlass() const {
+    return InlineKlass::cast(get_Klass());
+  }
+
+protected:
+  ciInlineKlass(Klass* h_k) : ciInstanceKlass(h_k) {
+    assert(is_final(), "InlineKlass must be final");
+  };
+
+  ciInlineKlass(ciSymbol* name, jobject loader) :
+    ciInstanceKlass(name, loader, T_OBJECT) {}
+
+  const char* type_string() override { return "ciInlineKlass"; }
+
+public:
+  bool is_inlinetype() const override { return true; }
+
+  // Inline type fields
+  int payload_offset() const;
+
+  bool maybe_flat_in_array() const override;
+
+  // Scalarized calling convention support: pass/return this inline type as its
+  // field components in the calling convention (registers/stack), not as a single oop.
+  // See InlineKlass::initialize_calling_convention for details.
+  bool can_be_passed_as_fields() const;
+  bool can_be_returned_as_fields() const;
+
+  bool is_empty();
+  bool is_cloneable() const;
+  int inline_arg_length() const;
+  int inline_arg_slots() const;
+  bool contains_oops() const;
+  int oop_count() const;
+  address pack_handler() const;
+  address unpack_handler() const;
+  InlineKlass* get_InlineKlass() const;
+  bool has_null_free_non_atomic_layout() const;
+  bool has_null_free_atomic_layout() const;
+  bool has_nullable_atomic_layout() const;
+  int null_marker_offset_in_payload() const;
+  BasicType atomic_size_to_basic_type(bool null_free) const;
+
+  bool is_naturally_atomic(bool null_free);
+  int field_map_offset() const;
+  ciConstant get_field_map() const;
+  ciConstant get_null_reset_value();
+  ArrayDescription array_description_of_array_properties(const ArrayProperties&);
+};
+
+#endif // SHARE_VM_CI_CIINLINEKLASS_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstance.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstance.cpp
index 9591298e3ab..dd6976caa25 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstance.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstance.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -24,13 +24,17 @@
 
 #include "ci/ciConstant.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciField.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciInstance.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciInstanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciNullObject.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciUtilities.inline.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
+#include "oops/fieldStreams.hpp"
+#include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/valuePayload.inline.hpp"
 
 // ciInstance
 //
@@ -58,43 +62,57 @@ ciType* ciInstance::java_mirror_type() {
 
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
 // ciInstance::field_value_impl
-ciConstant ciInstance::field_value_impl(BasicType field_btype, int offset) {
-  ciConstant value = check_constant_value_cache(offset, field_btype);
+ciConstant ciInstance::field_value_impl(ciField* field) {
+  BasicType field_bt = field->type()->basic_type();
+  int offset = field->offset_in_bytes();
+  ciConstant value = check_constant_value_cache(offset, field_bt);
   if (value.is_valid()) {
     return value;
   }
   VM_ENTRY_MARK;
   oop obj = get_oop();
   assert(obj != nullptr, "bad oop");
-  switch(field_btype) {
-    case T_BYTE:    value = ciConstant(field_btype, obj->byte_field(offset)); break;
-    case T_CHAR:    value = ciConstant(field_btype, obj->char_field(offset)); break;
-    case T_SHORT:   value = ciConstant(field_btype, obj->short_field(offset)); break;
-    case T_BOOLEAN: value = ciConstant(field_btype, obj->bool_field(offset)); break;
-    case T_INT:     value = ciConstant(field_btype, obj->int_field(offset)); break;
+  switch(field_bt) {
+    case T_BYTE:    value = ciConstant(field_bt, obj->byte_field(offset)); break;
+    case T_CHAR:    value = ciConstant(field_bt, obj->char_field(offset)); break;
+    case T_SHORT:   value = ciConstant(field_bt, obj->short_field(offset)); break;
+    case T_BOOLEAN: value = ciConstant(field_bt, obj->bool_field(offset)); break;
+    case T_INT:     value = ciConstant(field_bt, obj->int_field(offset)); break;
     case T_FLOAT:   value = ciConstant(obj->float_field(offset)); break;
     case T_DOUBLE:  value = ciConstant(obj->double_field(offset)); break;
     case T_LONG:    value = ciConstant(obj->long_field(offset)); break;
     case T_OBJECT:  // fall through
     case T_ARRAY: {
-      oop o = obj->obj_field(offset);
+      if (field->is_flat()) {
+        assert(field->is_atomic(), "do not query atomically a non-atomic flat field");
+        InlineKlass* vk = field->type()->as_inline_klass()->get_InlineKlass();
+        FlatValuePayload payload = FlatValuePayload::construct_from_parts(obj, offset, vk, field->layout_kind());
+        oop res = payload.read(THREAD);
+        if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
+          CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+          return ciConstant();
+        }
+        value = ciConstant(field_bt, CURRENT_ENV->get_object(res));
+      } else {
+        oop o = obj->obj_field(offset);
 
-      // A field will be "constant" if it is known always to be
-      // a non-null reference to an instance of a particular class,
-      // or to a particular array.  This can happen even if the instance
-      // or array is not perm.  In such a case, an "unloaded" ciArray
-      // or ciInstance is created.  The compiler may be able to use
-      // information about the object's class (which is exact) or length.
+        // A field will be "constant" if it is known always to be
+        // a non-null reference to an instance of a particular class,
+        // or to a particular array.  This can happen even if the instance
+        // or array is not perm.  In such a case, an "unloaded" ciArray
+        // or ciInstance is created.  The compiler may be able to use
+        // information about the object's class (which is exact) or length.
 
-      if (o == nullptr) {
-        value = ciConstant(field_btype, ciNullObject::make());
-      } else {
-        value = ciConstant(field_btype, CURRENT_ENV->get_object(o));
+        if (o == nullptr) {
+          value = ciConstant(field_bt, ciNullObject::make());
+        } else {
+          value = ciConstant(field_bt, CURRENT_ENV->get_object(o));
+        }
       }
       break;
     }
     default:
-      fatal("no field value: %s", type2name(field_btype));
+      fatal("no field value: %s", type2name(field_bt));
   }
   add_to_constant_value_cache(offset, value);
   return value;
@@ -103,12 +121,106 @@ ciConstant ciInstance::field_value_impl(BasicType field_btype, int offset) {
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
 // ciInstance::field_value
 //
-// Constant value of a field.
+// Constant value of a field of any kind: a declared field, or a leaf field.
+// For a flat declared field, a cached copy of the value object is returned.
+//
+// Since stable fields can be treated as "constant" but are not really, we need
+// to cache the value of fields so that the compiler will observe only one value
+// per field. We also need to ensure that leaf fields from a single stable
+// flat declared field will be observed to be consistent with each other.
+//
+// To do so, we need to always fetch the whole declared field containing the
+// desired field. If we want a sub-field of a flat field, we then extract the field
+// out of the cached copy, using sub_field_value.
+//
+// In the case we request a non-flat field, or a declared field (possibly flat), there
+// is no sub-field to extract and sub_field_value will not be called.
 ciConstant ciInstance::field_value(ciField* field) {
   assert(is_loaded(), "invalid access - must be loaded");
   assert(field->holder()->is_loaded(), "invalid access - holder must be loaded");
-  assert(field->is_static() || klass()->is_subclass_of(field->holder()), "invalid access - must be subclass");
-  return field_value_impl(field->type()->basic_type(), field->offset_in_bytes());
+  assert(field->is_static() || field->holder()->is_inlinetype() || klass()->is_subclass_of(field->holder()),
+         "invalid access - must be subclass");
+  ciInstanceKlass* klass = this->klass()->as_instance_klass();
+  int containing_field_idx = klass->field_index_by_offset(field->offset_in_bytes());
+  ciField* containing_field = klass->declared_nonstatic_field_at(containing_field_idx);
+  if (containing_field->is_flat() && !containing_field->is_atomic()) {
+    assert(field != containing_field, "do not ask for a non atomic declared field");
+    return field_value_impl(field);
+  }
+  ciConstant containing_field_value = field_value_impl(containing_field);
+  if (!containing_field_value.is_valid()) {
+    return ciConstant();
+  }
+  if (field->original_holder() == nullptr) {
+    return containing_field_value;
+  }
+  ciObject* obj = containing_field_value.as_object();
+  if (obj->is_instance()) {
+    ciInstance* inst = obj->as_instance();
+    // inst->klass() must be an inline klass since it is the value of a flat field.
+    ciInlineKlass* inst_klass = inst->klass()->as_inline_klass();
+    ciField* field_in_value_klass = inst_klass->get_field_by_offset(inst_klass->payload_offset() + field->offset_in_bytes() - containing_field->offset_in_bytes(), false);
+    return inst->sub_field_value(field_in_value_klass);
+  } else if (obj->is_null_object()) {
+    return ciConstant::make_zero_or_null(field->type()->basic_type());
+  }
+  // obj should not be an array since we are trying to get a field inside it
+  ShouldNotReachHere();
+  return ciConstant();
+}
+
+// Extract a leaf field from a value object.
+//
+// This is used by field_value when getting the value of a sub-field. field_value
+// will take care of getting the value of the declared field containing the requested
+// field, and of caching (see the comment on field_value for why). But if we want the
+// value of a sub-field, we need to extract it from the value of the declared field
+// containing the said sub-field. This is what this function does.
+//
+// This is meant for internal used only. In particular, this function does not cache
+// the result and must be called only on already cached values (to ensure consistency).
+// field_value takes care of that.
+ciConstant ciInstance::sub_field_value(ciField* field) {
+  precond(klass()->is_inlinetype());
+  precond(!field->is_flat());
+  int offset = field->offset_in_bytes();
+  BasicType field_btype = field->type()->basic_type();
+
+  ciConstant value;
+  VM_ENTRY_MARK;
+  oop obj = get_oop();
+  assert(obj != nullptr, "bad oop");
+  switch(field_btype) {
+  case T_BYTE:    value = ciConstant(field_btype, obj->byte_field(offset)); break;
+  case T_CHAR:    value = ciConstant(field_btype, obj->char_field(offset)); break;
+  case T_SHORT:   value = ciConstant(field_btype, obj->short_field(offset)); break;
+  case T_BOOLEAN: value = ciConstant(field_btype, obj->bool_field(offset)); break;
+  case T_INT:     value = ciConstant(field_btype, obj->int_field(offset)); break;
+  case T_FLOAT:   value = ciConstant(obj->float_field(offset)); break;
+  case T_DOUBLE:  value = ciConstant(obj->double_field(offset)); break;
+  case T_LONG:    value = ciConstant(obj->long_field(offset)); break;
+  case T_OBJECT:  // fall through
+  case T_ARRAY: {
+    oop o = obj->obj_field(offset);
+
+    // A field will be "constant" if it is known always to be
+    // a non-null reference to an instance of a particular class,
+    // or to a particular array.  This can happen even if the instance
+    // or array is not perm.  In such a case, an "unloaded" ciArray
+    // or ciInstance is created.  The compiler may be able to use
+    // information about the object's class (which is exact) or length.
+
+    if (o == nullptr) {
+      value = ciConstant(field_btype, ciNullObject::make());
+    } else {
+      value = ciConstant(field_btype, CURRENT_ENV->get_object(o));
+    }
+    break;
+  }
+  default:
+    fatal("no field value: %s", type2name(field_btype));
+  }
+  return value;
 }
 
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstance.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstance.hpp
index 5367d397c97..706349707a2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstance.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstance.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -49,7 +49,8 @@ class ciInstance : public ciObject {
 
   void print_impl(outputStream* st);
 
-  ciConstant field_value_impl(BasicType field_btype, int offset);
+  ciConstant field_value_impl(ciField* field);
+  ciConstant sub_field_value(ciField* field);
 
 public:
   // If this object is a java mirror, return the corresponding type.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstanceKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstanceKlass.cpp
index 9a2a6dcd8f2..41adc7de96b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstanceKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstanceKlass.cpp
@@ -23,10 +23,12 @@
  */
 
 #include "ci/ciField.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciInstance.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciInstanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciUtilities.inline.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
+#include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
@@ -35,6 +37,7 @@
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/jniHandles.inline.hpp"
@@ -65,10 +68,11 @@ ciInstanceKlass::ciInstanceKlass(Klass* k) :
   _has_nonstatic_concrete_methods = ik->has_nonstatic_concrete_methods();
   _is_hidden = ik->is_hidden();
   _is_record = ik->is_record();
+  _declared_nonstatic_fields = nullptr; // initialized lazily by compute_nonstatic_fields
+  _nonstatic_fields = nullptr;          // initialized lazily by compute_nonstatic_fields
   _trust_final_fields = ik->trust_final_fields();
-  _nonstatic_fields = nullptr; // initialized lazily by compute_nonstatic_fields:
   _has_injected_fields = -1;
-  _implementor = nullptr; // we will fill these lazily
+  _implementor = nullptr;               // we will fill these lazily
   _transitive_interfaces = nullptr;
 
   // Ensure that the metadata wrapped by the ciMetadata is kept alive by GC.
@@ -115,13 +119,15 @@ ciInstanceKlass::ciInstanceKlass(Klass* k) :
 
 // Version for unloaded classes:
 ciInstanceKlass::ciInstanceKlass(ciSymbol* name,
-                                 jobject loader)
-  : ciKlass(name, T_OBJECT)
+                                 jobject loader,
+                                 BasicType bt)
+  : ciKlass(name, bt)
 {
   assert(name->char_at(0) != JVM_SIGNATURE_ARRAY, "not an instance klass");
   _init_state = (InstanceKlass::ClassState)0;
   _has_nonstatic_fields = false;
-  _nonstatic_fields = nullptr;
+  _declared_nonstatic_fields = nullptr; // initialized lazily by compute_nonstatic_fields
+  _nonstatic_fields = nullptr;          // initialized lazily by compute_nonstatic_fields
   _has_injected_fields = -1;
   _is_hidden = false;
   _is_record = false;
@@ -387,19 +393,18 @@ bool ciInstanceKlass::has_finalizable_subclass() {
   return Dependencies::find_finalizable_subclass(get_instanceKlass()) != nullptr;
 }
 
-// ------------------------------------------------------------------
-// ciInstanceKlass::contains_field_offset
-bool ciInstanceKlass::contains_field_offset(int offset) {
+bool ciInstanceKlass::contains_field_offset(int offset) const {
   VM_ENTRY_MARK;
   return get_instanceKlass()->contains_field_offset(offset);
 }
 
 ciField* ciInstanceKlass::get_nonstatic_field_by_offset(const int field_offset) {
   for (int i = 0, len = nof_nonstatic_fields(); i < len; i++) {
-    ciField* field = _nonstatic_fields->at(i);
+    ciField* field = nonstatic_field_at(i);
     int field_off = field->offset_in_bytes();
-    if (field_off == field_offset)
+    if (field_off == field_offset) {
       return field;
+    }
   }
   return nullptr;
 }
@@ -410,6 +415,7 @@ ciField* ciInstanceKlass::get_field_by_offset(int field_offset, bool is_static)
   if (!is_static) {
     return get_nonstatic_field_by_offset(field_offset);
   }
+
   VM_ENTRY_MARK;
   InstanceKlass* k = get_instanceKlass();
   fieldDescriptor fd;
@@ -420,6 +426,39 @@ ciField* ciInstanceKlass::get_field_by_offset(int field_offset, bool is_static)
   return field;
 }
 
+ciField* ciInstanceKlass::get_non_flat_field_by_offset(int field_offset) {
+  for (int i = 0, len = nof_declared_nonstatic_fields(); i < len; i++) {
+    ciField* field = declared_nonstatic_field_at(i);
+    int field_off = field->offset_in_bytes();
+    if (field_off == field_offset) {
+      return field;
+    }
+  }
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+int ciInstanceKlass::field_index_by_offset(int offset) {
+  int best_offset = 0;
+  int best_index = -1;
+  // Search the field with the given offset
+  for (int i = 0; i < nof_declared_nonstatic_fields(); ++i) {
+    int field_offset = declared_nonstatic_field_at(i)->offset_in_bytes();
+    if (field_offset == offset) {
+      // Exact match
+      return i;
+    } else if (field_offset < offset && field_offset > best_offset) {
+      // No exact match. Save the index of the field with the closest offset that
+      // is smaller than the given field offset. This index corresponds to the
+      // flat field that holds the field we are looking for.
+      best_offset = field_offset;
+      best_index = i;
+    }
+  }
+  assert(best_index >= 0, "field not found");
+  assert(best_offset == offset || declared_nonstatic_field_at(best_index)->type()->is_inlinetype(), "offset should match for non-inline types");
+  return best_index;
+}
+
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
 // ciInstanceKlass::get_field_by_name
 ciField* ciInstanceKlass::get_field_by_name(ciSymbol* name, ciSymbol* signature, bool is_static) {
@@ -434,6 +473,8 @@ ciField* ciInstanceKlass::get_field_by_name(ciSymbol* name, ciSymbol* signature,
   return field;
 }
 
+const GrowableArray<ciField*> empty_field_array(0, MemTag::mtCompiler);
+
 #ifdef ASSERT
 static void assert_injected_field(InternalFieldStream& fs) {
   assert(!fs.done(), "invarinat");
@@ -508,83 +549,120 @@ BasicType ciInstanceKlass::get_field_type_by_offset(const int field_offset, cons
   return type2field[make(field_type)->basic_type()];
 }
 
-// ------------------------------------------------------------------
-// ciInstanceKlass::compute_nonstatic_fields
-int ciInstanceKlass::compute_nonstatic_fields() {
+void ciInstanceKlass::compute_nonstatic_fields() {
   assert(is_loaded(), "must be loaded");
 
-  if (_nonstatic_fields != nullptr)
-    return _nonstatic_fields->length();
+  if (_nonstatic_fields != nullptr) {
+    assert(_declared_nonstatic_fields != nullptr, "must be initialized at the same time, class %s", name()->as_utf8());
+    return;
+  }
 
   if (!has_nonstatic_fields()) {
-    Arena* arena = CURRENT_ENV->arena();
-    _nonstatic_fields = new (arena) GrowableArray<ciField*>(arena, 0, 0, nullptr);
-    return 0;
+    _declared_nonstatic_fields = &empty_field_array;
+    _nonstatic_fields = &empty_field_array;
+    return;
   }
   assert(!is_java_lang_Object(), "bootstrap OK");
 
   ciInstanceKlass* super = this->super();
-  GrowableArray<ciField*>* super_fields = nullptr;
-  if (super != nullptr && super->has_nonstatic_fields()) {
-    int super_flen   = super->nof_nonstatic_fields();
-    super_fields = super->_nonstatic_fields;
-    assert(super_flen == 0 || super_fields != nullptr, "first get nof_fields");
-  }
+  assert(super != nullptr, "must have a super class, current class: %s", name()->as_utf8());
+  super->compute_nonstatic_fields();
+  const GrowableArray<ciField*>* super_declared_fields = super->_declared_nonstatic_fields;
+  const GrowableArray<ciField*>* super_fields = super->_nonstatic_fields;
+  assert(super_declared_fields != nullptr && super_fields != nullptr, "must have been initialized, current class: %s, super class: %s", name()->as_utf8(), super->name()->as_utf8());
 
-  GrowableArray<ciField*>* fields = nullptr;
   GUARDED_VM_ENTRY({
-      fields = compute_nonstatic_fields_impl(super_fields);
-    });
-
-  if (fields == nullptr) {
-    // This can happen if this class (java.lang.Class) has invisible fields.
-    if (super_fields != nullptr) {
-      _nonstatic_fields = super_fields;
-      return super_fields->length();
-    } else {
-      return 0;
-    }
-  }
-
-  int flen = fields->length();
-
-  _nonstatic_fields = fields;
-  return flen;
+    compute_nonstatic_fields_impl(super_declared_fields, super_fields);
+  });
 }
 
-GrowableArray<ciField*>*
-ciInstanceKlass::compute_nonstatic_fields_impl(GrowableArray<ciField*>*
-                                               super_fields) {
+void ciInstanceKlass::compute_nonstatic_fields_impl(const GrowableArray<ciField*>* super_declared_fields, const GrowableArray<ciField*>* super_fields) {
+  assert(_declared_nonstatic_fields == nullptr && _nonstatic_fields == nullptr, "initialized already");
   ASSERT_IN_VM;
   Arena* arena = CURRENT_ENV->arena();
-  int flen = 0;
-  GrowableArray<ciField*>* fields = nullptr;
-  InstanceKlass* k = get_instanceKlass();
-  for (JavaFieldStream fs(k); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {
-    if (fs.access_flags().is_static())  continue;
-    flen += 1;
-  }
 
-  // allocate the array:
-  if (flen == 0) {
-    return nullptr;  // return nothing if none are locally declared
+  InstanceKlass* this_klass = get_instanceKlass();
+  int declared_field_num = 0;
+  int field_num = 0;
+  for (JavaFieldStream fs(this_klass); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {
+    if (fs.access_flags().is_static()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    declared_field_num++;
+
+    fieldDescriptor& fd = fs.field_descriptor();
+    if (fd.is_flat()) {
+      InlineKlass* k = this_klass->get_inline_type_field_klass(fd.index());
+      ciInlineKlass* vk = CURRENT_ENV->get_klass(k)->as_inline_klass();
+      field_num += vk->nof_nonstatic_fields();
+      field_num += fd.has_null_marker() ? 1 : 0;
+    } else {
+      field_num++;
+    }
   }
-  if (super_fields != nullptr) {
-    flen += super_fields->length();
+
+  GrowableArray<ciField*>* tmp_declared_fields = nullptr;
+  if (declared_field_num != 0) {
+    tmp_declared_fields = new (arena) GrowableArray<ciField*>(arena, declared_field_num + super_declared_fields->length(), 0, nullptr);
+    tmp_declared_fields->appendAll(super_declared_fields);
   }
-  fields = new (arena) GrowableArray<ciField*>(arena, flen, 0, nullptr);
-  if (super_fields != nullptr) {
-    fields->appendAll(super_fields);
+
+  GrowableArray<ciField*>* tmp_fields = nullptr;
+  if (field_num != 0) {
+    tmp_fields = new (arena) GrowableArray<ciField*>(arena, field_num + super_fields->length(), 0, nullptr);
+    tmp_fields->appendAll(super_fields);
   }
 
-  for (JavaFieldStream fs(k); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {
-    if (fs.access_flags().is_static())  continue;
+  // For later assertion
+  declared_field_num += super_declared_fields->length();
+  field_num += super_fields->length();
+
+  for (JavaFieldStream fs(this_klass); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {
+    if (fs.access_flags().is_static()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
     fieldDescriptor& fd = fs.field_descriptor();
-    ciField* field = new (arena) ciField(&fd);
-    fields->append(field);
+    ciField* declared_field = new (arena) ciField(&fd);
+    assert(tmp_declared_fields != nullptr, "should be initialized");
+    tmp_declared_fields->append(declared_field);
+
+    if (fd.is_flat()) {
+      // Flat fields are embedded
+      Klass* k = get_instanceKlass()->get_inline_type_field_klass(fd.index());
+      ciInlineKlass* vk = CURRENT_ENV->get_klass(k)->as_inline_klass();
+      // Iterate over fields of the flat inline type and copy them to 'this'
+      for (int i = 0; i < vk->nof_nonstatic_fields(); ++i) {
+        assert(tmp_fields != nullptr, "should be initialized");
+        tmp_fields->append(new (arena) ciField(declared_field, vk->nonstatic_field_at(i)));
+      }
+      if (fd.has_null_marker()) {
+        assert(tmp_fields != nullptr, "should be initialized");
+        tmp_fields->append(new (arena) ciField(declared_field));
+      }
+    } else {
+      assert(tmp_fields != nullptr, "should be initialized");
+      tmp_fields->append(declared_field);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Now sort them by offset, ascending. In principle, they could mix with superclass fields.
+  if (tmp_declared_fields != nullptr) {
+    assert(tmp_declared_fields->length() == declared_field_num, "sanity check failed for class: %s, number of declared fields: %d, expected: %d",
+           name()->as_utf8(), tmp_declared_fields->length(), declared_field_num);
+    _declared_nonstatic_fields = tmp_declared_fields;
+  } else {
+    _declared_nonstatic_fields = super_declared_fields;
+  }
+
+  if (tmp_fields != nullptr) {
+    assert(tmp_fields->length() == field_num, "sanity check failed for class: %s, number of fields: %d, expected: %d",
+           name()->as_utf8(), tmp_fields->length(), field_num);
+    _nonstatic_fields = tmp_fields;
+  } else {
+    _nonstatic_fields = super_fields;
   }
-  assert(fields->length() == flen, "sanity");
-  return fields;
 }
 
 bool ciInstanceKlass::compute_injected_fields_helper() {
@@ -696,6 +774,23 @@ ciInstanceKlass* ciInstanceKlass::implementor() {
   return impl;
 }
 
+bool ciInstanceKlass::can_be_inline_klass(bool is_exact) {
+  if (!Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (!is_loaded() || is_inlinetype()) {
+    // Not loaded or known to be an inline klass
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (!is_exact) {
+    // Not exact, check if this is a valid super for an inline klass
+    GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(
+      return !get_instanceKlass()->access_flags().is_identity_class() || is_java_lang_Object();
+    )
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
 // Utility class for printing of the contents of the static fields for
 // use by compilation replay.  It only prints out the information that
 // could be consumed by the compiler, so for primitive types it prints
@@ -704,74 +799,127 @@ ciInstanceKlass* ciInstanceKlass::implementor() {
 // only value which statically unchangeable.  For all other reference
 // types it simply prints out the dynamic type.
 
-class StaticFinalFieldPrinter : public FieldClosure {
+class StaticFieldPrinter : public FieldClosure {
+protected:
   outputStream* _out;
+public:
+  StaticFieldPrinter(outputStream* out) :
+    _out(out) {
+  }
+  void do_field_helper(fieldDescriptor* fd, oop obj, bool is_flat);
+};
+
+class StaticFinalFieldPrinter : public StaticFieldPrinter {
   const char*   _holder;
  public:
   StaticFinalFieldPrinter(outputStream* out, const char* holder) :
-    _out(out),
-    _holder(holder) {
+    StaticFieldPrinter(out), _holder(holder) {
   }
   void do_field(fieldDescriptor* fd) {
     if (fd->is_final() && !fd->has_initial_value()) {
       ResourceMark rm;
-      oop mirror = fd->field_holder()->java_mirror();
-      _out->print("staticfield %s %s %s ", _holder, fd->name()->as_quoted_ascii(), fd->signature()->as_quoted_ascii());
-      BasicType field_type = fd->field_type();
-      switch (field_type) {
-        case T_BYTE:    _out->print_cr("%d", mirror->byte_field(fd->offset()));   break;
-        case T_BOOLEAN: _out->print_cr("%d", mirror->bool_field(fd->offset()));   break;
-        case T_SHORT:   _out->print_cr("%d", mirror->short_field(fd->offset()));  break;
-        case T_CHAR:    _out->print_cr("%d", mirror->char_field(fd->offset()));   break;
-        case T_INT:     _out->print_cr("%d", mirror->int_field(fd->offset()));    break;
-        case T_LONG:    _out->print_cr(INT64_FORMAT, (int64_t)(mirror->long_field(fd->offset())));   break;
-        case T_FLOAT: {
-          float f = mirror->float_field(fd->offset());
-          _out->print_cr("%d", *(int*)&f);
-          break;
-        }
-        case T_DOUBLE: {
-          double d = mirror->double_field(fd->offset());
-          _out->print_cr(INT64_FORMAT, *(int64_t*)&d);
-          break;
-        }
-        case T_ARRAY:  // fall-through
-        case T_OBJECT: {
-          oop value =  mirror->obj_field_acquire(fd->offset());
-          if (value == nullptr) {
-            if (field_type == T_ARRAY) {
-              _out->print("%d", -1);
-            }
-            _out->cr();
-          } else if (value->is_instance()) {
-            assert(field_type == T_OBJECT, "");
-            if (value->is_a(vmClasses::String_klass())) {
-              const char* ascii_value = java_lang_String::as_quoted_ascii(value);
-              _out->print_cr("\"%s\"", (ascii_value != nullptr) ? ascii_value : "");
-            } else {
-              const char* klass_name  = value->klass()->name()->as_quoted_ascii();
-              _out->print_cr("%s", klass_name);
-            }
-          } else if (value->is_array()) {
-            typeArrayOop ta = (typeArrayOop)value;
-            _out->print("%d", ta->length());
-            if (value->is_objArray()) {
-              objArrayOop oa = (objArrayOop)value;
-              const char* klass_name  = value->klass()->name()->as_quoted_ascii();
-              _out->print(" %s", klass_name);
-            }
-            _out->cr();
+      InstanceKlass* holder = fd->field_holder();
+      oop mirror = holder->java_mirror();
+      _out->print("staticfield %s %s ", _holder, fd->name()->as_quoted_ascii());
+      BasicType bt = fd->field_type();
+      if (bt != T_OBJECT && bt != T_ARRAY) {
+        _out->print("%s ", fd->signature()->as_quoted_ascii());
+      }
+      do_field_helper(fd, mirror, false);
+      _out->cr();
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+class InlineTypeFieldPrinter : public StaticFieldPrinter {
+  oop _obj;
+public:
+  InlineTypeFieldPrinter(outputStream* out, oop obj) :
+    StaticFieldPrinter(out), _obj(obj) {
+  }
+  void do_field(fieldDescriptor* fd) {
+    do_field_helper(fd, _obj, true);
+    _out->print(" ");
+  }
+};
+
+void StaticFieldPrinter::do_field_helper(fieldDescriptor* fd, oop mirror, bool is_flat) {
+  BasicType field_type = fd->field_type();
+  switch (field_type) {
+    case T_BYTE:    _out->print("%d", mirror->byte_field(fd->offset()));   break;
+    case T_BOOLEAN: _out->print("%d", mirror->bool_field(fd->offset()));   break;
+    case T_SHORT:   _out->print("%d", mirror->short_field(fd->offset()));  break;
+    case T_CHAR:    _out->print("%d", mirror->char_field(fd->offset()));   break;
+    case T_INT:     _out->print("%d", mirror->int_field(fd->offset()));    break;
+    case T_LONG:    _out->print(INT64_FORMAT, (int64_t)(mirror->long_field(fd->offset())));   break;
+    case T_FLOAT: {
+      float f = mirror->float_field(fd->offset());
+      _out->print("%d", *(int*)&f);
+      break;
+    }
+    case T_DOUBLE: {
+      double d = mirror->double_field(fd->offset());
+      _out->print(INT64_FORMAT, *(int64_t*)&d);
+      break;
+    }
+    case T_ARRAY:  // fall-through
+    case T_OBJECT:
+      if (!fd->is_null_free_inline_type()) {
+        _out->print("%s ", fd->signature()->as_quoted_ascii());
+        oop value =  mirror->obj_field_acquire(fd->offset());
+        if (value == nullptr) {
+          if (field_type == T_ARRAY) {
+            _out->print("%d", -1);
+          }
+          _out->cr();
+        } else if (value->is_instance()) {
+          assert(field_type == T_OBJECT, "");
+          if (value->is_a(vmClasses::String_klass())) {
+            const char* ascii_value = java_lang_String::as_quoted_ascii(value);
+            _out->print("\"%s\"", (ascii_value != nullptr) ? ascii_value : "");
           } else {
-            ShouldNotReachHere();
+            const char* klass_name  = value->klass()->name()->as_quoted_ascii();
+            _out->print("%s", klass_name);
           }
-          break;
-        }
-        default:
+        } else if (value->is_array()) {
+          arrayOop a = (arrayOop)value;
+          _out->print("%d", a->length());
+          if (value->is_objArray()) {
+            objArrayOop oa = (objArrayOop)value;
+            const char* klass_name  = value->klass()->name()->as_quoted_ascii();
+            _out->print(" %s", klass_name);
+          }
+        } else {
           ShouldNotReachHere();
         }
-    }
+        break;
+      } else {
+        // handling of null free inline type
+        ResetNoHandleMark rnhm;
+        Thread* THREAD = Thread::current();
+        SignatureStream ss(fd->signature(), false);
+        Symbol* name = ss.as_symbol();
+        assert(!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION, "can resolve klass?");
+        InstanceKlass* holder = fd->field_holder();
+        InstanceKlass* k = SystemDictionary::find_instance_klass(THREAD, name,
+                                                                 Handle(THREAD, holder->class_loader()));
+        guarantee(k != nullptr && !HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION, "can resolve klass?");
+        InlineKlass* vk = InlineKlass::cast(k);
+        oop obj;
+        if (is_flat) {
+          int field_offset = fd->offset() - vk->payload_offset();
+          obj = cast_to_oop(cast_from_oop<address>(mirror) + field_offset);
+        } else {
+          obj = mirror->obj_field_acquire(fd->offset());
+        }
+        InlineTypeFieldPrinter print_field(_out, obj);
+        vk->do_nonstatic_fields(&print_field);
+        break;
+      }
+    default:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
   }
-};
+}
 
 const char *ciInstanceKlass::replay_name() const {
   return CURRENT_ENV->replay_name(get_instanceKlass());
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstanceKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstanceKlass.hpp
index 6e696668638..0f49fd19781 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstanceKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstanceKlass.hpp
@@ -69,7 +69,20 @@ class ciInstanceKlass : public ciKlass {
   ciInstance*            _java_mirror;
 
   ciConstantPoolCache*   _field_cache;  // cached map index->field
-  GrowableArray<ciField*>* _nonstatic_fields;  // ordered by JavaFieldStream
+
+  // Fields declared in the bytecode (without nested fields in flat fields),
+  // ordered in JavaFieldStream order, with superclasses first (i.e. from lang.java.Object
+  // to most derived class).
+  const GrowableArray<ciField*>* _declared_nonstatic_fields;
+
+  // Fields laid out in memory (flat fields are expanded into their components). The ciField object
+  // for each primitive component has the holder being this ciInstanceKlass or one of its
+  // superclasses.
+  // Fields are in the same order as in _declared_nonstatic_fields, but flat fields are replaced by
+  // the list of their own fields, ordered the same way (hierarchy traversed top-down, in
+  // JavaFieldStream order).
+  const GrowableArray<ciField*>* _nonstatic_fields;
+
   int                    _has_injected_fields; // any non static injected fields? lazily initialized.
 
   // The possible values of the _implementor fall into following three cases:
@@ -87,7 +100,7 @@ class ciInstanceKlass : public ciKlass {
 
 protected:
   ciInstanceKlass(Klass* k);
-  ciInstanceKlass(ciSymbol* name, jobject loader);
+  ciInstanceKlass(ciSymbol* name, jobject loader, BasicType bt = T_OBJECT); // for unloaded klasses
 
   InstanceKlass* get_instanceKlass() const {
     return InstanceKlass::cast(get_Klass());
@@ -108,8 +121,8 @@ class ciInstanceKlass : public ciKlass {
 
   InstanceKlass::ClassState compute_init_state();
   bool compute_shared_has_subklass();
-  int  compute_nonstatic_fields();
-  GrowableArray<ciField*>* compute_nonstatic_fields_impl(GrowableArray<ciField*>* super_fields);
+  void compute_nonstatic_fields();
+  void compute_nonstatic_fields_impl(const GrowableArray<ciField*>* super_declared_fields, const GrowableArray<ciField*>* super_fields);
   bool compute_has_trusted_loader();
 
 public:
@@ -208,15 +221,26 @@ class ciInstanceKlass : public ciKlass {
   ciInstanceKlass* get_canonical_holder(int offset);
   ciField* get_field_by_offset(int field_offset, bool is_static);
   ciField* get_field_by_name(ciSymbol* name, ciSymbol* signature, bool is_static);
+  // Get field descriptor at field_offset ignoring flattening
+  ciField* get_non_flat_field_by_offset(int field_offset);
+  // Get the index of the declared field that contains this offset
+  int field_index_by_offset(int offset);
+
+  // Total number of nonstatic fields (including inherited)
+  int nof_declared_nonstatic_fields() {
+    if (_declared_nonstatic_fields == nullptr) {
+      compute_nonstatic_fields();
+    }
+    return _declared_nonstatic_fields->length();
+  }
   ciField* get_injected_instance_field_by_name(ciSymbol* name, ciSymbol* signature);
   BasicType get_field_type_by_offset(int field_offset, bool is_static);
 
-  // total number of nonstatic fields (including inherited):
   int nof_nonstatic_fields() {
-    if (_nonstatic_fields == nullptr)
-      return compute_nonstatic_fields();
-    else
-      return _nonstatic_fields->length();
+    if (_nonstatic_fields == nullptr) {
+      compute_nonstatic_fields();
+    }
+    return _nonstatic_fields->length();
   }
 
   bool has_injected_fields() {
@@ -228,7 +252,11 @@ class ciInstanceKlass : public ciKlass {
 
   bool has_object_fields() const;
 
-  // nth nonstatic field (presented by ascending address)
+  ciField* declared_nonstatic_field_at(int i) {
+    assert(_declared_nonstatic_fields != nullptr, "should be initialized");
+    return _declared_nonstatic_fields->at(i);
+  }
+
   ciField* nonstatic_field_at(int i) {
     assert(_nonstatic_fields != nullptr, "");
     return _nonstatic_fields->at(i);
@@ -239,7 +267,7 @@ class ciInstanceKlass : public ciKlass {
 
   bool has_class_initializer();
 
-  bool contains_field_offset(int offset);
+  bool contains_field_offset(int offset) const;
 
   // Get the instance of java.lang.Class corresponding to
   // this klass.  This instance is used for locking of
@@ -249,9 +277,9 @@ class ciInstanceKlass : public ciKlass {
   // Java access flags
   bool is_public      () { return flags().is_public(); }
   bool is_final       () { return flags().is_final(); }
-  bool is_super       () { return flags().is_super(); }
   bool is_interface   () { return flags().is_interface(); }
   bool is_abstract    () { return flags().is_abstract(); }
+  bool is_abstract_value_klass() { return is_abstract() && !flags().is_identity(); }
 
   ciMethod* find_method(ciSymbol* name, ciSymbol* signature);
   // Note:  To find a method from name and type strings, use ciSymbol::make,
@@ -267,6 +295,8 @@ class ciInstanceKlass : public ciKlass {
     return (impl != this ? impl : nullptr);
   }
 
+  virtual bool can_be_inline_klass(bool is_exact = false);
+
   // Is the defining class loader of this class the default loader?
   bool uses_default_loader() const;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciKlass.cpp
index 0a0379af97e..11facf7b304 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciKlass.cpp
@@ -216,6 +216,15 @@ jint ciKlass::modifier_flags() {
   )
 }
 
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------
+// ciKlass::prototype_header
+markWord ciKlass::prototype_header() const {
+  assert(is_loaded(), "not loaded");
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(
+    return get_Klass()->prototype_header();
+  )
+}
+
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
 // ciKlass::misc_flags
 klass_flags_t ciKlass::misc_flags() {
@@ -233,6 +242,11 @@ void ciKlass::print_impl(outputStream* st) {
   st->print(" name=");
   print_name_on(st);
   st->print(" loaded=%s", (is_loaded() ? "true" : "false"));
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(
+    if (is_flat_array_klass()) {
+      st->print(" layout_kind=%d", (int)((FlatArrayKlass*)get_Klass())->layout_kind());
+    }
+  )
 }
 
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciKlass.hpp
index f95602b9717..04112c43343 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciKlass.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
 #include "ci/ciType.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 
 // ciKlass
 //
@@ -44,8 +45,10 @@ class ciKlass : public ciType {
   friend class ciMethod;
   friend class ciMethodData;
   friend class ciObjArrayKlass;
-  friend class ciSignature;
   friend class ciReceiverTypeData;
+  friend class ciSignature;
+  friend class ciFlatArrayKlass;
+  friend class ciArrayKlass;
 
 private:
   ciSymbol* _name;
@@ -104,6 +107,10 @@ class ciKlass : public ciType {
     return false;
   }
 
+  virtual bool can_be_inline_array_klass() {
+    return Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled() && is_java_lang_Object();
+  }
+
   bool is_in_encoding_range() {
     Klass* k = get_Klass();
     bool is_in_encoding_range = CompressedKlassPointers::is_encodable(k);
@@ -122,6 +129,8 @@ class ciKlass : public ciType {
   // Fetch modifier flags.
   jint                   modifier_flags();
 
+  markWord prototype_header() const;
+
   // Fetch Klass::misc_flags.
   klass_flags_t          misc_flags();
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMetadata.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMetadata.hpp
index 8f24ebcfaf5..fc94950d09c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMetadata.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMetadata.hpp
@@ -55,9 +55,14 @@ class ciMetadata: public ciBaseObject {
   virtual bool is_method_data() const       { return false; }
   virtual bool is_klass() const             { return false; }
   virtual bool is_instance_klass() const    { return false; }
+  virtual bool is_inlinetype() const        { return false; }
   virtual bool is_array_klass() const       { return false; }
   virtual bool is_obj_array_klass() const   { return false; }
+  virtual bool is_flat_array_klass() const  { return false; }
+  virtual bool is_ref_array_klass() const   { return false; }
   virtual bool is_type_array_klass() const  { return false; }
+  virtual bool is_early_larval() const      { return false; }
+  virtual bool maybe_flat_in_array() const  { return false; }
   virtual void dump_replay_data(outputStream* st) { /* do nothing */ }
 
   ciMethod*                as_method() {
@@ -96,10 +101,22 @@ class ciMetadata: public ciBaseObject {
     assert(is_obj_array_klass(), "bad cast");
     return (ciObjArrayKlass*)this;
   }
+  ciFlatArrayKlass*        as_flat_array_klass() {
+    assert(is_flat_array_klass(), "bad cast");
+    return (ciFlatArrayKlass*)this;
+  }
+  ciRefArrayKlass*         as_ref_array_klass() {
+    assert(is_ref_array_klass(), "bad cast");
+    return (ciRefArrayKlass*)this;
+  }
   ciTypeArrayKlass*        as_type_array_klass() {
     assert(is_type_array_klass(), "bad cast");
     return (ciTypeArrayKlass*)this;
   }
+  ciInlineKlass*           as_inline_klass() {
+    assert(is_inlinetype(), "bad cast");
+    return (ciInlineKlass*)this;
+  }
 
   Metadata* constant_encoding() { return _metadata; }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.cpp
index d3b8b8f13cc..7b4220ec636 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.cpp
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "ci/ciSymbol.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciSymbols.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciUtilities.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/vmIntrinsics.hpp"
 #include "compiler/abstractCompiler.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compilerDefinitions.inline.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compilerOracle.hpp"
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@
 #include "prims/methodHandles.hpp"
 #include "runtime/deoptimization.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "utilities/bitMap.inline.hpp"
 #include "utilities/xmlstream.hpp"
 #ifdef COMPILER2
@@ -662,6 +664,71 @@ bool ciMethod::parameter_profiled_type(int i, ciKlass*& type, ProfilePtrKind& pt
   return false;
 }
 
+// MDO updates are racy. C2 can observe the array type before the profiling code has updated the
+// corresponding flat/null-free flags. If the array type is known, prefer the properties it provides.
+static void update_flags_from_type(ciKlass* array_type, bool& flat_array, bool& null_free_array) {
+  if (array_type != nullptr) {
+    flat_array |= array_type->is_flat_array_klass();
+    null_free_array |= array_type->as_array_klass()->is_elem_null_free();
+  }
+}
+
+bool ciMethod::array_access_profiled_type(int bci, ciKlass*& array_type, ciKlass*& element_type, ProfilePtrKind& element_ptr, bool &flat_array, bool &null_free_array) {
+  if (method_data() != nullptr && method_data()->is_mature()) {
+    ciProfileData* data = method_data()->bci_to_data(bci);
+    if (data != nullptr) {
+      if (data->is_ArrayLoadData()) {
+        ciArrayLoadData* array_access = (ciArrayLoadData*) data->as_ArrayLoadData();
+        array_type = array_access->array()->valid_type();
+        element_type = array_access->element()->valid_type();
+        element_ptr = array_access->element()->ptr_kind();
+        flat_array = array_access->flat_array();
+        null_free_array = array_access->null_free_array();
+        update_flags_from_type(array_type, flat_array, null_free_array);
+        return true;
+      } else if (data->is_ArrayStoreData()) {
+        ciArrayStoreData* array_access = (ciArrayStoreData*) data->as_ArrayStoreData();
+        array_type = array_access->array()->valid_type();
+        flat_array = array_access->flat_array();
+        null_free_array = array_access->null_free_array();
+        update_flags_from_type(array_type, flat_array, null_free_array);
+        ciCallProfile call_profile = call_profile_at_bci(bci);
+        if (call_profile.morphism() == 1) {
+          element_type = call_profile.receiver(0);
+        } else {
+          element_type = nullptr;
+        }
+        if (!array_access->null_seen()) {
+          element_ptr = ProfileNeverNull;
+        } else if (call_profile.count() == 0) {
+          element_ptr = ProfileAlwaysNull;
+        } else {
+          element_ptr = ProfileMaybeNull;
+        }
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+bool ciMethod::acmp_profiled_type(int bci, ciKlass*& left_type, ciKlass*& right_type, ProfilePtrKind& left_ptr, ProfilePtrKind& right_ptr, bool &left_inline_type, bool &right_inline_type) {
+  if (method_data() != nullptr && method_data()->is_mature()) {
+    ciProfileData* data = method_data()->bci_to_data(bci);
+    if (data != nullptr && data->is_ACmpData()) {
+      ciACmpData* acmp = (ciACmpData*)data->as_ACmpData();
+      left_type = acmp->left()->valid_type();
+      right_type = acmp->right()->valid_type();
+      left_ptr = acmp->left()->ptr_kind();
+      right_ptr = acmp->right()->ptr_kind();
+      left_inline_type = acmp->left_inline_type();
+      right_inline_type = acmp->right_inline_type();
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
 
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
 // ciMethod::find_monomorphic_target
@@ -974,10 +1041,13 @@ bool ciMethod::is_compiled_lambda_form() const {
 }
 
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
-// ciMethod::is_object_initializer
+// ciMethod::is_object_constructor
 //
-bool ciMethod::is_object_initializer() const {
-   return name() == ciSymbols::object_initializer_name();
+bool ciMethod::is_object_constructor() const {
+  return (name() == ciSymbols::object_initializer_name()
+          && signature()->return_type()->is_void());
+  // Note:  We can't test is_static, because that would
+  // require the method to be loaded.  Sometimes it isn't.
 }
 
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1529,6 +1599,42 @@ bool ciMethod::is_consistent_info(ciMethod* declared_method, ciMethod* resolved_
 }
 
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+bool ciMethod::is_scalarized_arg(int idx) const {
+  VM_ENTRY_MARK;
+  return get_Method()->is_scalarized_arg(idx);
+}
+
+bool ciMethod::is_scalarized_buffer_arg(int idx) const {
+  VM_ENTRY_MARK;
+  return get_Method()->is_scalarized_buffer_arg(idx);
+}
+
+bool ciMethod::has_scalarized_args() const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return get_Method()->has_scalarized_args();)
+}
+
+const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* ciMethod::get_sig_cc() const {
+  VM_ENTRY_MARK;
+  if (get_Method()->adapter() == nullptr) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  return get_Method()->adapter()->get_sig_cc();
+}
+
+bool ciMethod::mismatch() const {
+  VM_ENTRY_MARK;
+  return get_Method()->mismatch();
+}
+
+bool ciMethod::c1_needs_stack_repair() const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return get_Method()->c1_needs_stack_repair();)
+}
+
+bool ciMethod::c2_needs_stack_repair() const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return get_Method()->c2_needs_stack_repair();)
+}
+
 // ciMethod::is_old
 //
 // Return true for redefined methods
@@ -1536,3 +1642,24 @@ bool ciMethod::is_old() const {
   ASSERT_IN_VM;
   return get_Method()->is_old();
 }
+
+// A larval object can be passed into a constructor, or it can be passed into
+// MethodHandle::linkToSpecial, which, in turn, will pass it into a constructor
+bool ciMethod::receiver_maybe_larval() const {
+  bool res = is_object_constructor() || intrinsic_id() == vmIntrinsics::_linkToSpecial;
+  assert(!res || !is_scalarized_arg(0), "larval argument must not be passed as fields");
+  return res;
+}
+
+// Normally, a larval object cannot be returned. However, Unsafe::allocateInstance and
+// DirectMethodHandle::allocateInstance return an uninitialized larval object, this is required for
+// the construction of an object using the reflection API.
+bool ciMethod::return_value_is_larval() const {
+  if (intrinsic_id() == vmIntrinsics::_allocateInstance) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (holder()->name()->equals(ciSymbols::java_lang_invoke_DirectMethodHandle()) && name()->equals(ciSymbols::allocateInstance_name())) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.hpp
index c3805b4a054..75bfbd7f809 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.hpp
@@ -41,11 +41,13 @@ class MethodLiveness;
 class Arena;
 class BCEscapeAnalyzer;
 class InlineTree;
+class SigEntry;
 class xmlStream;
 
 // Whether profiling found an oop to be always, never or sometimes
 // null
 enum ProfilePtrKind {
+  ProfileUnknownNull,
   ProfileAlwaysNull,
   ProfileNeverNull,
   ProfileMaybeNull
@@ -198,7 +200,7 @@ class ciMethod : public ciMetadata {
   bool force_inline()           const { return get_Method()->force_inline();           }
   bool dont_inline()            const { return get_Method()->dont_inline();            }
   bool intrinsic_candidate()    const { return get_Method()->intrinsic_candidate();    }
-  bool is_static_initializer()  const { return get_Method()->is_static_initializer();  }
+  bool is_class_initializer()   const { return get_Method()->is_class_initializer();   }
   bool changes_current_thread() const { return get_Method()->changes_current_thread(); }
   bool deprecated()             const { return is_loaded() && get_Method()->deprecated(); }
 
@@ -269,7 +271,11 @@ class ciMethod : public ciMetadata {
   bool          argument_profiled_type(int bci, int i, ciKlass*& type, ProfilePtrKind& ptr_kind);
   bool          parameter_profiled_type(int i, ciKlass*& type, ProfilePtrKind& ptr_kind);
   bool          return_profiled_type(int bci, ciKlass*& type, ProfilePtrKind& ptr_kind);
-
+  bool          array_access_profiled_type(int bci, ciKlass*& array_type, ciKlass*& element_type, ProfilePtrKind& element_ptr,
+                                           bool& flat_array, bool& null_free);
+  bool          acmp_profiled_type(int bci, ciKlass*& left_type, ciKlass*& right_type,
+                                   ProfilePtrKind& left_ptr, ProfilePtrKind& right_ptr,
+                                   bool& left_inline_type, bool& right_inline_type);
   ciField*      get_field_at_bci( int bci, bool &will_link);
   ciMethod*     get_method_at_bci(int bci, bool &will_link, ciSignature* *declared_signature);
   ciMethod*     get_method_at_bci(int bci) {
@@ -341,6 +347,7 @@ class ciMethod : public ciMetadata {
   bool is_native      () const                   { return flags().is_native(); }
   bool is_interface   () const                   { return flags().is_interface(); }
   bool is_abstract    () const                   { return flags().is_abstract(); }
+  bool is_varargs     () const                   { return flags().is_varargs(); }
 
   // Other flags
   bool is_final_method() const                   { return is_final() || holder()->is_final(); }
@@ -357,8 +364,8 @@ class ciMethod : public ciMetadata {
   bool has_reserved_stack_access() const         { return _has_reserved_stack_access; }
   bool is_boxing_method() const;
   bool is_unboxing_method() const;
+  bool is_object_constructor() const;
   bool is_vector_method() const;
-  bool is_object_initializer() const;
   bool is_scoped() const;
   bool is_old() const;
 
@@ -383,6 +390,20 @@ class ciMethod : public ciMetadata {
   void print_short_name(outputStream* st = tty);
 
   static bool is_consistent_info(ciMethod* declared_method, ciMethod* resolved_method);
+
+  // Support for the inline type calling convention
+  bool is_scalarized_arg(int idx) const;
+  bool is_scalarized_buffer_arg(int idx) const;
+  bool has_scalarized_args() const;
+  const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* get_sig_cc() const;
+  bool mismatch() const;
+  bool c1_needs_stack_repair() const;
+  bool c2_needs_stack_repair() const;
+
+  // Generally, a method cannot return a larval object or receive a larval argument. There are some
+  // exceptions.
+  bool receiver_maybe_larval() const;
+  bool return_value_is_larval() const;
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_CI_CIMETHOD_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethodData.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethodData.cpp
index 5e623e2b965..fe1cce9dade 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethodData.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethodData.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 
 #include "ci/ciMetadata.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciMethodData.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciReplay.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciUtilities.inline.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compiler_globals.hpp"
@@ -337,12 +338,12 @@ void ciTypeStackSlotEntries::translate_type_data_from(const TypeStackSlotEntries
   }
 }
 
-void ciReturnTypeEntry::translate_type_data_from(const ReturnTypeEntry* ret) {
+void ciSingleTypeEntry::translate_type_data_from(const SingleTypeEntry* ret) {
   intptr_t k = ret->type();
   Klass* klass = (Klass*)klass_part(k);
   if (klass == nullptr || !klass->is_loader_present_and_alive() || !is_klass_loaded(klass)) {
     // With concurrent class unloading, the MDO could have stale metadata; override it
-    set_type(ReturnTypeEntry::with_status((Klass*)nullptr, k));
+    set_type(SingleTypeEntry::with_status((Klass*)nullptr, k));
   } else {
     set_type(translate_klass(k));
   }
@@ -393,6 +394,12 @@ ciProfileData* ciMethodData::data_from(DataLayout* data_layout) {
     return new ciVirtualCallTypeData(data_layout);
   case DataLayout::parameters_type_data_tag:
     return new ciParametersTypeData(data_layout);
+  case DataLayout::array_store_data_tag:
+    return new ciArrayStoreData(data_layout);
+  case DataLayout::array_load_data_tag:
+    return new ciArrayLoadData(data_layout);
+  case DataLayout::acmp_data_tag:
+    return new ciACmpData(data_layout);
   };
 }
 
@@ -715,8 +722,15 @@ void ciMethodData::dump_replay_data_type_helper(outputStream* out, int round, in
     if (round == 0) {
       count++;
     } else {
-      out->print(" %d %s", (int)(dp_to_di(pdata->dp() + in_bytes(offset)) / sizeof(intptr_t)),
-                           CURRENT_ENV->replay_name(k));
+      if (k->is_obj_array_klass()) {
+        // We also record the array property to load the correct array class during replay compilation.
+        const ArrayProperties array_properties = k->as_obj_array_klass()->properties();
+        out->print(" %d %s %d", static_cast<int>(dp_to_di(pdata->dp() + in_bytes(offset)) / sizeof(intptr_t)),
+                                      CURRENT_ENV->replay_name(k), array_properties.value());
+      } else {
+        out->print(" %d %s", static_cast<int>(dp_to_di(pdata->dp() + in_bytes(offset)) / sizeof(intptr_t)),
+                             CURRENT_ENV->replay_name(k));
+      }
     }
   }
 }
@@ -810,12 +824,29 @@ void ciMethodData::dump_replay_data(outputStream* out) {
           ciVirtualCallTypeData* call_type_data = (ciVirtualCallTypeData*)pdata;
           dump_replay_data_call_type_helper<ciVirtualCallTypeData>(out, round, count, call_type_data);
         }
+      } else if (pdata->is_CallTypeData()) {
+        ciCallTypeData* call_type_data = (ciCallTypeData*)pdata;
+        dump_replay_data_call_type_helper<ciCallTypeData>(out, round, count, call_type_data);
+      } else if (pdata->is_ArrayStoreData()) {
+        ciArrayStoreData* array_store_data = (ciArrayStoreData*)pdata;
+        dump_replay_data_type_helper(out, round, count, array_store_data, ciArrayStoreData::array_offset(),
+                                     array_store_data->array()->valid_type());
+        dump_replay_data_receiver_type_helper<ciArrayStoreData>(out, round, count, array_store_data);
+      } else if (pdata->is_ArrayLoadData()) {
+        ciArrayLoadData* array_load_data = (ciArrayLoadData*)pdata;
+        dump_replay_data_type_helper(out, round, count, array_load_data, ciArrayLoadData::array_offset(),
+                                     array_load_data->array()->valid_type());
+        dump_replay_data_type_helper(out, round, count, array_load_data, ciArrayLoadData::element_offset(),
+                                     array_load_data->element()->valid_type());
+      } else if (pdata->is_ACmpData()) {
+        ciACmpData* acmp_data = (ciACmpData*)pdata;
+        dump_replay_data_type_helper(out, round, count, acmp_data, ciACmpData::left_offset(),
+                                     acmp_data->left()->valid_type());
+        dump_replay_data_type_helper(out, round, count, acmp_data, ciACmpData::right_offset(),
+                                     acmp_data->right()->valid_type());
       } else if (pdata->is_ReceiverTypeData()) {
         ciReceiverTypeData* vdata = (ciReceiverTypeData*)pdata;
         dump_replay_data_receiver_type_helper<ciReceiverTypeData>(out, round, count, vdata);
-      } else if (pdata->is_CallTypeData()) {
-          ciCallTypeData* call_type_data = (ciCallTypeData*)pdata;
-          dump_replay_data_call_type_helper<ciCallTypeData>(out, round, count, call_type_data);
       }
     }
     if (parameters != nullptr) {
@@ -898,7 +929,7 @@ void ciTypeStackSlotEntries::print_data_on(outputStream* st) const {
   }
 }
 
-void ciReturnTypeEntry::print_data_on(outputStream* st) const {
+void ciSingleTypeEntry::print_data_on(outputStream* st) const {
   _pd->tab(st);
   st->print("ret ");
   print_ciklass(st, type());
@@ -971,4 +1002,37 @@ void ciSpeculativeTrapData::print_data_on(outputStream* st, const char* extra) c
   method()->print_short_name(st);
   st->cr();
 }
+
+void ciArrayStoreData::print_data_on(outputStream* st, const char* extra) const {
+  print_shared(st, "ciArrayStoreData", extra);
+  st->cr();
+  tab(st, true);
+  st->print("array");
+  array()->print_data_on(st);
+  tab(st, true);
+  st->print("element");
+  rtd_super()->print_receiver_data_on(st);
+}
+
+void ciArrayLoadData::print_data_on(outputStream* st, const char* extra) const {
+  print_shared(st, "ciArrayLoadData", extra);
+  st->cr();
+  tab(st, true);
+  st->print("array");
+  array()->print_data_on(st);
+  tab(st, true);
+  st->print("element");
+  element()->print_data_on(st);
+}
+
+void ciACmpData::print_data_on(outputStream* st, const char* extra) const {
+  BranchData::print_data_on(st, extra);
+  st->cr();
+  tab(st, true);
+  st->print("left");
+  left()->print_data_on(st);
+  tab(st, true);
+  st->print("right");
+  right()->print_data_on(st);
+}
 #endif
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethodData.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethodData.hpp
index a43d011b77e..fca4f07099f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethodData.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethodData.hpp
@@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ class ciTypeStackSlotEntries : public TypeStackSlotEntries, ciTypeEntries {
 #endif
 };
 
-class ciReturnTypeEntry : public ReturnTypeEntry, ciTypeEntries {
+class ciSingleTypeEntry : public SingleTypeEntry, ciTypeEntries {
 public:
-  void translate_type_data_from(const ReturnTypeEntry* ret);
+  void translate_type_data_from(const SingleTypeEntry* ret);
 
   ciKlass* valid_type() const {
     return valid_ciklass(type());
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ class ciCallTypeData : public CallTypeData {
   ciCallTypeData(DataLayout* layout) : CallTypeData(layout) {}
 
   ciTypeStackSlotEntries* args() const { return (ciTypeStackSlotEntries*)CallTypeData::args(); }
-  ciReturnTypeEntry* ret() const { return (ciReturnTypeEntry*)CallTypeData::ret(); }
+  ciSingleTypeEntry* ret() const { return (ciSingleTypeEntry*)CallTypeData::ret(); }
 
   void translate_from(const ProfileData* data) {
     if (has_arguments()) {
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ class ciVirtualCallTypeData : public VirtualCallTypeData {
   }
 
   ciTypeStackSlotEntries* args() const { return (ciTypeStackSlotEntries*)VirtualCallTypeData::args(); }
-  ciReturnTypeEntry* ret() const { return (ciReturnTypeEntry*)VirtualCallTypeData::ret(); }
+  ciSingleTypeEntry* ret() const { return (ciSingleTypeEntry*)VirtualCallTypeData::ret(); }
 
   // Copy & translate from oop based VirtualCallData
   virtual void translate_from(const ProfileData* data) {
@@ -362,6 +362,63 @@ class ciSpeculativeTrapData : public SpeculativeTrapData {
 #endif
 };
 
+class ciArrayStoreData : public ArrayStoreData {
+  // Fake multiple inheritance...  It's a ciReceiverTypeData also.
+  ciReceiverTypeData* rtd_super() const { return (ciReceiverTypeData*) this; }
+
+public:
+  ciArrayStoreData(DataLayout* layout) : ArrayStoreData(layout) {}
+
+  ciSingleTypeEntry* array() const { return (ciSingleTypeEntry*)ArrayStoreData::array(); }
+
+  virtual void translate_from(const ProfileData* data) {
+    array()->translate_type_data_from(data->as_ArrayStoreData()->array());
+    rtd_super()->translate_receiver_data_from(data);
+  }
+
+  ciKlass* receiver(uint row) {
+    return rtd_super()->receiver(row);
+  }
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+  void print_data_on(outputStream* st, const char* extra = nullptr) const;
+#endif
+};
+
+class ciArrayLoadData : public ArrayLoadData {
+public:
+  ciArrayLoadData(DataLayout* layout) : ArrayLoadData(layout) {}
+
+  ciSingleTypeEntry* array() const { return (ciSingleTypeEntry*)ArrayLoadData::array(); }
+  ciSingleTypeEntry* element() const { return (ciSingleTypeEntry*)ArrayLoadData::element(); }
+
+  virtual void translate_from(const ProfileData* data) {
+    array()->translate_type_data_from(data->as_ArrayLoadData()->array());
+    element()->translate_type_data_from(data->as_ArrayLoadData()->element());
+  }
+
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+  void print_data_on(outputStream* st, const char* extra = nullptr) const;
+#endif
+};
+
+
+class ciACmpData : public ACmpData {
+public:
+  ciACmpData(DataLayout* layout) : ACmpData(layout) {}
+
+  ciSingleTypeEntry* left() const { return (ciSingleTypeEntry*)ACmpData::left(); }
+  ciSingleTypeEntry* right() const { return (ciSingleTypeEntry*)ACmpData::right(); }
+
+  virtual void translate_from(const ProfileData* data) {
+    left()->translate_type_data_from(data->as_ACmpData()->left());
+    right()->translate_type_data_from(data->as_ACmpData()->right());
+  }
+
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+  void print_data_on(outputStream* st, const char* extra = nullptr) const;
+#endif
+};
+
 // ciMethodData
 //
 // This class represents a MethodData* in the HotSpot virtual
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArray.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArray.cpp
index 2a485fb2618..5bbf87b3f59 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArray.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArray.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include "ci/ciObjArray.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciUtilities.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 
 // ciObjArray
 //
@@ -34,7 +35,8 @@
 
 ciObject* ciObjArray::obj_at(int index) {
   VM_ENTRY_MARK;
-  objArrayOop array = get_objArrayOop();
+  // The array should be a refArray, otherwise a ciFlatArray object would have been used
+  refArrayOop array = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(get_objArrayOop());
   assert(index >= 0 && index < array->length(), "OOB access");
   oop o = array->obj_at(index);
   if (o == nullptr) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArray.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArray.hpp
index 4f1dfc501cd..c1282469df3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArray.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArray.hpp
@@ -50,6 +50,8 @@ class ciObjArray : public ciArray {
   bool is_obj_array() { return true; }
 
   ciObject* obj_at(int index);
+
+  bool is_flat()      { return false; }
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_CI_CIOBJARRAY_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.cpp
index 191e4e67522..684322ad810 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.cpp
@@ -22,9 +22,12 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "ci/ciFlatArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciInstanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciRefArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciSymbol.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciUtilities.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciUtilities.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "runtime/signature.hpp"
@@ -63,14 +66,16 @@ ciObjArrayKlass::ciObjArrayKlass(ciSymbol* array_name,
                                  int dimension)
   : ciArrayKlass(array_name,
                  dimension, T_OBJECT) {
-    _base_element_klass = base_element_klass;
-    assert(_base_element_klass->is_instance_klass() ||
-           _base_element_klass->is_type_array_klass(), "bad base klass");
-    if (dimension == 1) {
-      _element_klass = base_element_klass;
-    } else {
-      _element_klass = nullptr;
-    }
+  _base_element_klass = base_element_klass;
+  assert(_base_element_klass->is_instance_klass() ||
+         _base_element_klass->is_type_array_klass() ||
+         _base_element_klass->is_flat_array_klass() ||
+         _base_element_klass->is_ref_array_klass(), "bad base klass");
+  if (dimension == 1) {
+    _element_klass = base_element_klass;
+  } else {
+    _element_klass = nullptr;
+  }
 }
 
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -115,7 +120,6 @@ ciSymbol* ciObjArrayKlass::construct_array_name(ciSymbol* element_name,
     name[pos] = JVM_SIGNATURE_ARRAY;
   }
   Symbol* base_name_sym = element_name->get_symbol();
-
   if (Signature::is_array(base_name_sym) ||
       Signature::has_envelope(base_name_sym)) {
     strncpy(&name[pos], (char*)element_name->base(), element_len);
@@ -133,8 +137,7 @@ ciSymbol* ciObjArrayKlass::construct_array_name(ciSymbol* element_name,
 // ciObjArrayKlass::make_impl
 //
 // Implementation of make.
-ciObjArrayKlass* ciObjArrayKlass::make_impl(ciKlass* element_klass) {
-
+ciObjArrayKlass* ciObjArrayKlass::make_impl(ciKlass* element_klass, bool refined_type, bool null_free, bool atomic) {
   if (element_klass->is_loaded()) {
     EXCEPTION_CONTEXT;
     // The element klass is loaded
@@ -144,11 +147,32 @@ ciObjArrayKlass* ciObjArrayKlass::make_impl(ciKlass* element_klass) {
       CURRENT_THREAD_ENV->record_out_of_memory_failure();
       return ciEnv::unloaded_ciobjarrayklass();
     }
-    return CURRENT_THREAD_ENV->get_obj_array_klass(array);
+    if (!refined_type) {
+      return CURRENT_THREAD_ENV->get_obj_array_klass(array);
+    }
+
+    assert(!null_free || element_klass->is_inlinetype(), "Only value class arrays can be null free");
+    assert(atomic || element_klass->is_inlinetype(), "Only value class arrays can be non-atomic");
+
+    const ArrayProperties props = ArrayProperties::Default()
+      .with_null_restricted(null_free)
+      .with_non_atomic(!atomic);
+
+    array = ObjArrayKlass::cast(array)->klass_with_properties(props, THREAD);
+    if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
+      CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+      CURRENT_THREAD_ENV->record_out_of_memory_failure();
+      return ciEnv::unloaded_ciobjarrayklass();
+    }
+    assert(array != nullptr, "klass_with_properties should return a klass or throw");
+    if (array->is_flatArray_klass()) {
+      return CURRENT_THREAD_ENV->get_flat_array_klass(array);
+    } else {
+      return CURRENT_THREAD_ENV->get_ref_array_klass(array);
+    }
   }
 
-  // The array klass was unable to be made or the element klass was
-  // not loaded.
+  // The array klass was unable to be made or the element klass was not loaded.
   ciSymbol* array_name = construct_array_name(element_klass->name(), 1);
   if (array_name == ciEnv::unloaded_cisymbol()) {
     return ciEnv::unloaded_ciobjarrayklass();
@@ -162,27 +186,19 @@ ciObjArrayKlass* ciObjArrayKlass::make_impl(ciKlass* element_klass) {
 // ciObjArrayKlass::make
 //
 // Make an array klass corresponding to the specified primitive type.
-ciObjArrayKlass* ciObjArrayKlass::make(ciKlass* element_klass) {
-  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return make_impl(element_klass);)
+ciObjArrayKlass* ciObjArrayKlass::make(ciKlass* element_klass, bool refined_type, bool null_free, bool atomic) {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return make_impl(element_klass, refined_type, null_free, atomic);)
 }
 
-ciObjArrayKlass* ciObjArrayKlass::make(ciKlass* element_klass, int dims) {
+ciArrayKlass* ciObjArrayKlass::make(ciKlass* element_klass, int dims) {
   ciKlass* klass = element_klass;
   for (int i = 0; i < dims; i++) {
-    klass = ciObjArrayKlass::make(klass);
+    klass = ciObjArrayKlass::make(klass, /* refined_type = */ false);
   }
-  return klass->as_obj_array_klass();
+  return klass->as_array_klass();
 }
 
 ciKlass* ciObjArrayKlass::exact_klass() {
-  ciType* base = base_element_type();
-  if (base->is_instance_klass()) {
-    ciInstanceKlass* ik = base->as_instance_klass();
-    if (ik->exact_klass() != nullptr) {
-      return this;
-    }
-  } else if (base->is_primitive_type()) {
-    return this;
-  }
+  // This cannot be an exact klass because the refined types subtype it
   return nullptr;
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp
index 3fb37c5088c..b2f14bd8ed0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #define SHARE_CI_CIOBJARRAYKLASS_HPP
 
 #include "ci/ciArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 
 // ciObjArrayKlass
 //
@@ -46,10 +47,10 @@ class ciObjArrayKlass : public ciArrayKlass {
                   int dimension);
 
   ObjArrayKlass* get_ObjArrayKlass() {
-    return (ObjArrayKlass*)get_Klass();
+    return ObjArrayKlass::cast(get_Klass());
   }
 
-  static ciObjArrayKlass* make_impl(ciKlass* element_klass);
+  static ciObjArrayKlass* make_impl(ciKlass* element_klass, bool refined_type = false, bool null_free = false, bool atomic = true);
   static ciSymbol* construct_array_name(ciSymbol* element_name,
                                         int       dimension);
 
@@ -68,10 +69,14 @@ class ciObjArrayKlass : public ciArrayKlass {
   // What kind of ciObject is this?
   bool is_obj_array_klass() const { return true; }
 
-  static ciObjArrayKlass* make(ciKlass* element_klass);
-  static ciObjArrayKlass* make(ciKlass* element_klass, int dims);
+  static ciObjArrayKlass* make(ciKlass* element_klass, bool refined_type = true, bool null_free = false, bool atomic = true);
+  static ciArrayKlass* make(ciKlass* element_klass, int dims);
 
   virtual ciKlass* exact_klass();
+
+  virtual bool can_be_inline_array_klass() {
+    return element_klass()->can_be_inline_klass();
+  }
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_CI_CIOBJARRAYKLASS_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObject.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObject.hpp
index 9b60639edb5..60992d6f372 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObject.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObject.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ class ciObject : public ciBaseObject {
   jobject  _handle;
   ciKlass* _klass;
 
+protected:
   // Cache constant value lookups to ensure that consistent values are observed during compilation.
   class ConstantValue {
     private:
@@ -73,6 +74,7 @@ class ciObject : public ciBaseObject {
       ciConstant value() const { return _value; }
   };
 
+private:
   GrowableArray<ConstantValue>* _constant_values = nullptr;
 
 protected:
@@ -128,6 +130,7 @@ class ciObject : public ciBaseObject {
   virtual bool is_array()                   { return false; }
   virtual bool is_obj_array()               { return false; }
   virtual bool is_type_array()              { return false; }
+  virtual bool is_flat_array()        const { return false; }
   virtual bool is_native_entry_point()const { return false; }
 
   // Is this a type or value which has no associated class?
@@ -182,6 +185,10 @@ class ciObject : public ciBaseObject {
     assert(is_type_array(), "bad cast");
     return (ciTypeArray*)this;
   }
+  ciFlatArray* as_flat_array() {
+    assert(is_flat_array(), "bad cast");
+    return (ciFlatArray*)this;
+  }
 
   // Print debugging output about this ciObject.
   void print(outputStream* st);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjectFactory.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjectFactory.cpp
index d3bef01f852..12cfef50fad 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjectFactory.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjectFactory.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,9 @@
  */
 
 #include "ci/ciCallSite.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciFlatArray.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciFlatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciInstance.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciInstanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciMemberName.hpp"
@@ -35,6 +38,7 @@
 #include "ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciObject.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciObjectFactory.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciRefArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciReplay.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciSymbol.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciSymbols.hpp"
@@ -168,7 +172,7 @@ void ciObjectFactory::init_shared_objects() {
 
   for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i <= T_CONFLICT; i++) {
     BasicType t = (BasicType)i;
-    if (type2name(t) != nullptr && !is_reference_type(t) &&
+    if (type2name(t) != nullptr && t != T_FLAT_ELEMENT && !is_reference_type(t) &&
         t != T_NARROWOOP && t != T_NARROWKLASS) {
       ciType::_basic_types[t] = new (_arena) ciType(t);
       init_ident_of(ciType::_basic_types[t]);
@@ -399,12 +403,15 @@ ciObject* ciObjectFactory::create_new_object(oop o) {
       return new (arena()) ciMethodType(h_i);
     else
       return new (arena()) ciInstance(h_i);
-  } else if (o->is_objArray()) {
+  } else if (o->is_refArray()) {
     objArrayHandle h_oa(THREAD, (objArrayOop)o);
     return new (arena()) ciObjArray(h_oa);
   } else if (o->is_typeArray()) {
     typeArrayHandle h_ta(THREAD, (typeArrayOop)o);
     return new (arena()) ciTypeArray(h_ta);
+  } else if (o->is_flatArray()) {
+    flatArrayHandle h_ta(THREAD, (flatArrayOop)o);
+    return new (arena()) ciFlatArray(h_ta);
   }
 
   // The oop is of some type not supported by the compiler interface.
@@ -424,11 +431,19 @@ ciMetadata* ciObjectFactory::create_new_metadata(Metadata* o) {
 
   if (o->is_klass()) {
     Klass* k = (Klass*)o;
-    if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
+    if (k->is_inline_klass()) {
+      return new (arena()) ciInlineKlass(k);
+    } else if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
       assert(!ReplayCompiles || ciReplay::no_replay_state() || !ciReplay::is_klass_unresolved((InstanceKlass*)k), "must be whitelisted for replay compilation");
       return new (arena()) ciInstanceKlass(k);
     } else if (k->is_objArray_klass()) {
-      return new (arena()) ciObjArrayKlass(k);
+      if (k->is_flatArray_klass()) {
+        return new (arena()) ciFlatArrayKlass(k);
+      } else if (k->is_refArray_klass()) {
+        return new (arena()) ciRefArrayKlass(k);
+      } else {
+        return new (arena()) ciObjArrayKlass(k);
+      }
     } else if (k->is_typeArray_klass()) {
       return new (arena()) ciTypeArrayKlass(k);
     }
@@ -663,6 +678,18 @@ ciReturnAddress* ciObjectFactory::get_return_address(int bci) {
   return new_ret_addr;
 }
 
+ciWrapper* ciObjectFactory::make_early_larval_wrapper(ciType* type) {
+  ciWrapper* wrapper = new (arena()) ciWrapper(type, ciWrapper::EarlyLarval);
+  init_ident_of(wrapper);
+  return wrapper;
+}
+
+ciWrapper* ciObjectFactory::make_null_free_wrapper(ciType* type) {
+  ciWrapper* wrapper = new (arena()) ciWrapper(type, ciWrapper::NullFree);
+  init_ident_of(wrapper);
+  return wrapper;
+}
+
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
 // ciObjectFactory::init_ident_of
 void ciObjectFactory::init_ident_of(ciBaseObject* obj) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjectFactory.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjectFactory.hpp
index c578aecb564..d495bd83e3b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjectFactory.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjectFactory.hpp
@@ -148,6 +148,9 @@ class ciObjectFactory : public ArenaObj {
 
   ciReturnAddress* get_return_address(int bci);
 
+  ciWrapper* make_early_larval_wrapper(ciType* type);
+  ciWrapper* make_null_free_wrapper(ciType* type);
+
   GrowableArray<ciMetadata*>* get_ci_metadata() { return &_ci_metadata; }
   // RedefineClasses support
   void metadata_do(MetadataClosure* f);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciRefArrayKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciRefArrayKlass.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6555fe8fe9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciRefArrayKlass.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_VM_CI_CIREFARRAYKLASS_HPP
+#define SHARE_VM_CI_CIREFARRAYKLASS_HPP
+
+#include "ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp"
+
+// A ciRefArrayKlass represents the klass of a refined array in which the elements are stored as
+// reference
+class ciRefArrayKlass : public ciObjArrayKlass {
+private:
+  CI_PACKAGE_ACCESS
+  friend class ciEnv;
+
+protected:
+  ciRefArrayKlass(Klass* k) : ciObjArrayKlass(k) {
+    assert(k->is_refArray_klass(), "wrong type");
+  }
+
+  const char* type_string() override { return "ciRefArrayKlass"; }
+
+public:
+  bool is_ref_array_klass() const override { return true; }
+  ciKlass* exact_klass() override { return this; }
+};
+
+#endif // SHARE_VM_CI_CIREFARRAYKLASS_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciReplay.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciReplay.cpp
index 35522e75877..be55687cca4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciReplay.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciReplay.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2013, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -38,12 +38,15 @@
 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
+#include "oops/arrayProperties.hpp"
 #include "oops/constantPool.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/cpCache.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/resolvedIndyEntry.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
 #include "prims/methodHandles.hpp"
@@ -511,9 +514,9 @@ class CompileReplay : public StackObj {
         return k;
       }
       obj = ciReplay::obj_field(obj, field);
-      // array
-      if (obj != nullptr && obj->is_objArray()) {
-        objArrayOop arr = (objArrayOop)obj;
+      // TODO 8350865 I think we need to handle null-free/flat arrays here
+      if (obj != nullptr && obj->is_refArray()) {
+        refArrayOop arr = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(obj);
         int index = parse_int("index");
         if (index >= arr->length()) {
           report_error("bad array index");
@@ -862,6 +865,12 @@ class CompileReplay : public StackObj {
         return;
       }
       Klass* k = parse_klass(CHECK);
+      if (had_error()) {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (_version >= 3 && k != nullptr && k->is_objArray_klass()) {
+        k = create_concrete_object_array_klass(ObjArrayKlass::cast(k), THREAD);
+      }
       rec->_classes_offsets[i] = offset;
       rec->_classes[i] = k;
     }
@@ -882,6 +891,15 @@ class CompileReplay : public StackObj {
     }
   }
 
+  ObjArrayKlass* create_concrete_object_array_klass(ObjArrayKlass* obj_array_klass, TRAPS) {
+    ArrayProperties array_properties(checked_cast<ArrayProperties::Type>(parse_int("array_properties")));
+    if (!Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+      // Ignore Valhalla-specific properties
+      array_properties = ArrayProperties::Default();
+    }
+    return obj_array_klass->klass_with_properties(array_properties, THREAD);
+  }
+
   // instanceKlass <name>
   // instanceKlass <constant pool ref> # <original hidden class name>
   //
@@ -1007,36 +1025,82 @@ class CompileReplay : public StackObj {
     }
   }
 
-  // staticfield <klass> <name> <signature> <value>
-  //
-  // Initialize a class and fill in the value for a static field.
-  // This is useful when the compile was dependent on the value of
-  // static fields but it's impossible to properly rerun the static
-  // initializer.
-  void process_staticfield(TRAPS) {
-    InstanceKlass* k = (InstanceKlass *)parse_klass(CHECK);
-
-    if (k == nullptr || ReplaySuppressInitializers == 0 ||
-        (ReplaySuppressInitializers == 2 && k->class_loader() == nullptr)) {
-      skip_remaining();
-      return;
-    }
-
-    assert(k->is_initialized(), "must be");
+  class InlineTypeFieldInitializer : public FieldClosure {
+    oop _vt;
+    CompileReplay* _replay;
+  public:
+    InlineTypeFieldInitializer(oop vt, CompileReplay* replay)
+  : _vt(vt), _replay(replay) {}
 
-    const char* field_name = parse_escaped_string();
-    const char* field_signature = parse_string();
-    fieldDescriptor fd;
-    Symbol* name = SymbolTable::new_symbol(field_name);
-    Symbol* sig = SymbolTable::new_symbol(field_signature);
-    if (!k->find_local_field(name, sig, &fd) ||
-        !fd.is_static() ||
-        fd.has_initial_value()) {
-      report_error(field_name);
-      return;
+    void do_field(fieldDescriptor* fd) {
+      BasicType bt = fd->field_type();
+      const char* string_value = fd->is_null_free_inline_type() ? nullptr : _replay->parse_escaped_string();
+      switch (bt) {
+      case T_BYTE: {
+        int value = atoi(string_value);
+        _vt->byte_field_put(fd->offset(), value);
+        break;
+      }
+      case T_BOOLEAN: {
+        int value = atoi(string_value);
+        _vt->bool_field_put(fd->offset(), value);
+        break;
+      }
+      case T_SHORT: {
+        int value = atoi(string_value);
+        _vt->short_field_put(fd->offset(), value);
+        break;
+      }
+      case T_CHAR: {
+        int value = atoi(string_value);
+        _vt->char_field_put(fd->offset(), value);
+        break;
+      }
+      case T_INT: {
+        int value = atoi(string_value);
+        _vt->int_field_put(fd->offset(), value);
+        break;
+      }
+      case T_LONG: {
+        jlong value;
+        if (sscanf(string_value, JLONG_FORMAT, &value) != 1) {
+          fprintf(stderr, "Error parsing long: %s\n", string_value);
+          break;
+        }
+        _vt->long_field_put(fd->offset(), value);
+        break;
+      }
+      case T_FLOAT: {
+        float value = atof(string_value);
+        _vt->float_field_put(fd->offset(), value);
+        break;
+      }
+      case T_DOUBLE: {
+        double value = atof(string_value);
+        _vt->double_field_put(fd->offset(), value);
+        break;
+      }
+      case T_ARRAY:
+      case T_OBJECT:
+        if (fd->is_null_free_inline_type() && fd->is_flat()) {
+          InlineKlass* vk = InlineKlass::cast(fd->field_holder()->get_inline_type_field_klass(fd->index()));
+          int field_offset = fd->offset() - vk->payload_offset();
+          oop obj = cast_to_oop(cast_from_oop<address>(_vt) + field_offset);
+          InlineTypeFieldInitializer init_fields(obj, _replay);
+          vk->do_nonstatic_fields(&init_fields);
+        } else {
+          JavaThread* THREAD = JavaThread::current();
+          bool res = _replay->process_staticfield_reference(string_value, _vt, fd, THREAD);
+          assert(res, "should succeed for arrays & objects");
+        }
+      default: {
+        fatal("Unhandled type: %s", type2name(bt));
+      }
+      }
     }
+  };
 
-    oop java_mirror = k->java_mirror();
+  bool process_staticfield_reference(const char* field_signature, oop java_mirror, fieldDescriptor* fd, TRAPS) {
     if (field_signature[0] == JVM_SIGNATURE_ARRAY) {
       int length = parse_int("array length");
       oop value = nullptr;
@@ -1044,10 +1108,8 @@ class CompileReplay : public StackObj {
       if (length != -1) {
         if (field_signature[1] == JVM_SIGNATURE_ARRAY) {
           // multi dimensional array
-          ArrayKlass* kelem = (ArrayKlass *)parse_klass(CHECK);
-          if (kelem == nullptr) {
-            return;
-          }
+          Klass* k = resolve_klass(field_signature, CHECK_(true));
+          ArrayKlass* kelem = (ArrayKlass *)k;
           int rank = 0;
           while (field_signature[rank] == JVM_SIGNATURE_ARRAY) {
             rank++;
@@ -1057,76 +1119,131 @@ class CompileReplay : public StackObj {
           for (int i = 1; i < rank; i++) {
             dims[i] = 1; // These aren't relevant to the compiler
           }
-          value = kelem->multi_allocate(rank, dims, CHECK);
+          value = kelem->multi_allocate(rank, dims, CHECK_(true));
         } else {
           if (strcmp(field_signature, "[B") == 0) {
-            value = oopFactory::new_byteArray(length, CHECK);
+            value = oopFactory::new_byteArray(length, CHECK_(true));
           } else if (strcmp(field_signature, "[Z") == 0) {
-            value = oopFactory::new_boolArray(length, CHECK);
+            value = oopFactory::new_boolArray(length, CHECK_(true));
           } else if (strcmp(field_signature, "[C") == 0) {
-            value = oopFactory::new_charArray(length, CHECK);
+            value = oopFactory::new_charArray(length, CHECK_(true));
           } else if (strcmp(field_signature, "[S") == 0) {
-            value = oopFactory::new_shortArray(length, CHECK);
+            value = oopFactory::new_shortArray(length, CHECK_(true));
           } else if (strcmp(field_signature, "[F") == 0) {
-            value = oopFactory::new_floatArray(length, CHECK);
+            value = oopFactory::new_floatArray(length, CHECK_(true));
           } else if (strcmp(field_signature, "[D") == 0) {
-            value = oopFactory::new_doubleArray(length, CHECK);
+            value = oopFactory::new_doubleArray(length, CHECK_(true));
           } else if (strcmp(field_signature, "[I") == 0) {
-            value = oopFactory::new_intArray(length, CHECK);
+            value = oopFactory::new_intArray(length, CHECK_(true));
           } else if (strcmp(field_signature, "[J") == 0) {
-            value = oopFactory::new_longArray(length, CHECK);
+            value = oopFactory::new_longArray(length, CHECK_(true));
           } else if (field_signature[0] == JVM_SIGNATURE_ARRAY &&
                      field_signature[1] == JVM_SIGNATURE_CLASS) {
-            Klass* actual_array_klass = parse_klass(CHECK);
+            Klass* actual_array_klass = parse_klass(CHECK_(true));
+            // TODO 8350865 I think we need to handle null-free/flat arrays here
+            // This handling will change the array property argument passed to the
+            // factory below
             Klass* kelem = ObjArrayKlass::cast(actual_array_klass)->element_klass();
-            value = oopFactory::new_objArray(kelem, length, CHECK);
+            value = oopFactory::new_objArray(kelem, length, CHECK_(true));
           } else {
             report_error("unhandled array staticfield");
           }
         }
+        java_mirror->obj_field_put(fd->offset(), value);
+        return true;
+      }
+    } else if (strcmp(field_signature, "Ljava/lang/String;") == 0) {
+      const char* string_value = parse_escaped_string();
+      Handle value = java_lang_String::create_from_str(string_value, CHECK_(true));
+      java_mirror->obj_field_put(fd->offset(), value());
+      return true;
+    } else if (field_signature[0] == JVM_SIGNATURE_CLASS) {
+      const char* instance = parse_escaped_string();
+      oop value = nullptr;
+      if (instance != nullptr) {
+        Klass* k = resolve_klass(instance, CHECK_(true));
+        value = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_(true));
+      }
+      java_mirror->obj_field_put(fd->offset(), value);
+      return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Initialize a class and fill in the value for a static field.
+  // This is useful when the compile was dependent on the value of
+  // static fields but it's impossible to properly rerun the static
+  // initializer.
+  void process_staticfield(TRAPS) {
+    InstanceKlass* k = (InstanceKlass *)parse_klass(CHECK);
+
+    if (k == nullptr || ReplaySuppressInitializers == 0 ||
+        (ReplaySuppressInitializers == 2 && k->class_loader() == nullptr)) {
+        skip_remaining();
+      return;
+    }
+
+    assert(k->is_initialized(), "must be");
+
+    const char* field_name = parse_escaped_string();
+    const char* field_signature = parse_string();
+    fieldDescriptor fd;
+    Symbol* name = SymbolTable::new_symbol(field_name);
+    Symbol* sig = SymbolTable::new_symbol(field_signature);
+    if (!k->find_local_field(name, sig, &fd) ||
+        !fd.is_static() ||
+        fd.has_initial_value()) {
+      report_error(field_name);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    oop java_mirror = k->java_mirror();
+    if (strcmp(field_signature, "I") == 0) {
+      const char* string_value = parse_escaped_string();
+      int value = atoi(string_value);
+      java_mirror->int_field_put(fd.offset(), value);
+    } else if (strcmp(field_signature, "B") == 0) {
+      const char* string_value = parse_escaped_string();
+      int value = atoi(string_value);
+      java_mirror->byte_field_put(fd.offset(), value);
+    } else if (strcmp(field_signature, "C") == 0) {
+      const char* string_value = parse_escaped_string();
+      int value = atoi(string_value);
+      java_mirror->char_field_put(fd.offset(), value);
+    } else if (strcmp(field_signature, "S") == 0) {
+      const char* string_value = parse_escaped_string();
+      int value = atoi(string_value);
+      java_mirror->short_field_put(fd.offset(), value);
+    } else if (strcmp(field_signature, "Z") == 0) {
+      const char* string_value = parse_escaped_string();
+      int value = atoi(string_value);
+      java_mirror->bool_field_put(fd.offset(), value);
+    } else if (strcmp(field_signature, "J") == 0) {
+      const char* string_value = parse_escaped_string();
+      jlong value;
+      if (sscanf(string_value, JLONG_FORMAT, &value) != 1) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Error parsing long: %s\n", string_value);
+        return;
       }
+      java_mirror->long_field_put(fd.offset(), value);
+    } else if (strcmp(field_signature, "F") == 0) {
+      const char* string_value = parse_escaped_string();
+      float value = atof(string_value);
+      java_mirror->float_field_put(fd.offset(), value);
+    } else if (strcmp(field_signature, "D") == 0) {
+      const char* string_value = parse_escaped_string();
+      double value = atof(string_value);
+      java_mirror->double_field_put(fd.offset(), value);
+    } else if (fd.is_null_free_inline_type()) {
+      Klass* kelem = resolve_klass(field_signature, CHECK);
+      InlineKlass* vk = InlineKlass::cast(kelem);
+      oop value = vk->allocate_instance(CHECK);
+      InlineTypeFieldInitializer init_fields(value, this);
+      vk->do_nonstatic_fields(&init_fields);
       java_mirror->obj_field_put(fd.offset(), value);
     } else {
-      const char* string_value = parse_escaped_string();
-      if (strcmp(field_signature, "I") == 0) {
-        int value = atoi(string_value);
-        java_mirror->int_field_put(fd.offset(), value);
-      } else if (strcmp(field_signature, "B") == 0) {
-        int value = atoi(string_value);
-        java_mirror->byte_field_put(fd.offset(), value);
-      } else if (strcmp(field_signature, "C") == 0) {
-        int value = atoi(string_value);
-        java_mirror->char_field_put(fd.offset(), value);
-      } else if (strcmp(field_signature, "S") == 0) {
-        int value = atoi(string_value);
-        java_mirror->short_field_put(fd.offset(), value);
-      } else if (strcmp(field_signature, "Z") == 0) {
-        int value = atoi(string_value);
-        java_mirror->bool_field_put(fd.offset(), value);
-      } else if (strcmp(field_signature, "J") == 0) {
-        jlong value;
-        if (sscanf(string_value, JLONG_FORMAT, &value) != 1) {
-          fprintf(stderr, "Error parsing long: %s\n", string_value);
-          return;
-        }
-        java_mirror->long_field_put(fd.offset(), value);
-      } else if (strcmp(field_signature, "F") == 0) {
-        float value = atof(string_value);
-        java_mirror->float_field_put(fd.offset(), value);
-      } else if (strcmp(field_signature, "D") == 0) {
-        double value = atof(string_value);
-        java_mirror->double_field_put(fd.offset(), value);
-      } else if (strcmp(field_signature, "Ljava/lang/String;") == 0) {
-        Handle value = java_lang_String::create_from_str(string_value, CHECK);
-        java_mirror->obj_field_put(fd.offset(), value());
-      } else if (field_signature[0] == JVM_SIGNATURE_CLASS) {
-        oop value = nullptr;
-        if (string_value != nullptr) {
-          Klass* k = resolve_klass(string_value, CHECK);
-          value = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK);
-        }
-        java_mirror->obj_field_put(fd.offset(), value);
-      } else {
+      bool res = process_staticfield_reference(field_signature, java_mirror, &fd, CHECK);
+      if (!res)  {
         report_error("unhandled staticfield");
       }
     }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciReplay.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciReplay.hpp
index 72bb21bb756..f8c3e73b120 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciReplay.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciReplay.hpp
@@ -134,6 +134,7 @@ class ciReplay {
 // 1: first instanceKlass sets protection domain (8275868)
 //    replace current_mileage with invocation_count (8276095)
 // 2: incremental inlining support (8254108)
-#define REPLAY_VERSION 2 // current version, bump up for incompatible changes
+// 3: value class array support (8375548)
+#define REPLAY_VERSION 3 // current version, bump up for incompatible changes
 
 #endif // SHARE_CI_CIREPLAY_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciSignature.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciSignature.hpp
index 058f1a72c81..e0e4c322e89 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciSignature.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciSignature.hpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
 #include "ci/ciClassList.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciSymbol.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciType.hpp"
 #include "interpreter/bytecodes.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 #include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
@@ -56,7 +57,7 @@ class ciSignature : public ArenaObj {
   ciKlass*  accessing_klass() const              { return _accessing_klass; }
 
   ciType*   return_type() const                  { return _return_type; }
-  ciType*   type_at(int index) const             { return _types.at(index); }
+  ciType*   type_at(int index) const             { return _types.at(index)->unwrap(); }
 
   int       size() const                         { return _size; }
   int       count() const                        { return _types.length(); }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciSymbol.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciSymbol.cpp
index c3e2b8d53e4..1912588bf1c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciSymbol.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciSymbol.cpp
@@ -79,6 +79,20 @@ char ciSymbol::char_at(int i) {
 bool ciSymbol::starts_with(const char* prefix, int len) const {
   GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return get_symbol()->starts_with(prefix, len);)
 }
+bool ciSymbol::starts_with(char prefix_char) const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return get_symbol()->starts_with(prefix_char);)
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------
+// ciSymbol::ends_with
+//
+// Tests if the symbol ends with the given suffix.
+bool ciSymbol::ends_with(const char* suffix, int len) const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return get_symbol()->ends_with(suffix, len);)
+}
+bool ciSymbol::ends_with(char suffix_char) const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return get_symbol()->ends_with(suffix_char);)
+}
 
 bool ciSymbol::is_signature_polymorphic_name()  const {
   GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return MethodHandles::is_signature_polymorphic_name(get_symbol());)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciSymbol.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciSymbol.hpp
index 93d29d56706..36bc97864d1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciSymbol.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciSymbol.hpp
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ class ciSymbol : public ciBaseObject {
   friend class ciMethod;
   friend class ciField;
   friend class ciObjArrayKlass;
+  friend class ciFlatArrayKlass;
 
 private:
   const vmSymbolID _sid;
@@ -79,6 +80,11 @@ class ciSymbol : public ciBaseObject {
 
   // Tests if the symbol starts with the given prefix.
   bool starts_with(const char* prefix, int len) const;
+  bool starts_with(char prefix_char) const;
+
+  // Tests if the symbol ends with the given suffix.
+  bool ends_with(const char* suffix, int len) const;
+  bool ends_with(char suffix_char) const;
 
   // Determines where the symbol contains the given substring.
   int index_of_at(int i, const char* str, int len) const;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciType.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciType.cpp
index 9340f1cda3d..69c29795751 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciType.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciType.cpp
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ ciType* ciType::_basic_types[T_CONFLICT+1];
 
 // ciType
 //
-// This class represents a Java reference or primitive type.
+// This class represents a Java reference, inline type or primitive type.
 
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
 // ciType::ciType
@@ -140,3 +140,16 @@ void ciReturnAddress::print_impl(outputStream* st) {
 ciReturnAddress* ciReturnAddress::make(int bci) {
   GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return CURRENT_ENV->get_return_address(bci);)
 }
+
+ciWrapper::ciWrapper(ciType* type, int properties)
+    : ciType(type->basic_type()),
+      _type(type),
+      _properties(properties) {
+  assert(!type->is_wrapper(), "Thou shall not double wrap!");
+  assert(type->is_inlinetype()
+             // An abstract value type is an instance_klass
+             || (type->is_instance_klass() && !type->as_instance_klass()->flags().is_identity())
+             // An unloaded inline type is an instance_klass (see ciEnv::get_klass_by_name_impl())
+             || (type->is_instance_klass() && !type->is_loaded()),
+         "should only be used for inline types");
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciType.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciType.hpp
index 58d8c07d3e0..90b4c3a9757 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciType.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciType.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,12 +29,13 @@
 
 // ciType
 //
-// This class represents a Java reference or primitive type.
+// This class represents a Java reference, inline type or primitive type.
 
 class ciType : public ciMetadata {
   CI_PACKAGE_ACCESS
   friend class ciKlass;
   friend class ciReturnAddress;
+  friend class ciWrapper;
 
 private:
   BasicType _basic_type;
@@ -70,6 +71,14 @@ class ciType : public ciMetadata {
   // What kind of ciObject is this?
   bool is_type() const                      { return true; }
   bool is_classless() const                 { return is_primitive_type(); }
+  virtual bool is_wrapper() const           { return false; }
+
+  virtual ciType* unwrap()                  { return this; }
+  virtual bool is_null_free() const         { return false; }
+
+  virtual bool can_be_inline_klass(bool is_exact = false) {
+    return false;
+  }
 
   const char* name();
   virtual void print_name_on(outputStream* st);
@@ -106,4 +115,31 @@ class ciReturnAddress : public ciType {
   static ciReturnAddress* make(int bci);
 };
 
+// ciWrapper
+//
+// This class wraps another type to carry additional information.
+class ciWrapper : public ciType {
+  CI_PACKAGE_ACCESS
+
+private:
+  ciType* _type;
+  enum Property {
+    NullFree = 1,
+    EarlyLarval = NullFree << 1,
+  };
+  int _properties;
+
+  ciWrapper(ciType* type, int properties);
+
+  const char* type_string() override { return "ciWrapper"; }
+
+  void print_impl(outputStream* st) override { _type->print_impl(st); }
+
+public:
+  ciType* unwrap() override { return _type; }
+  bool is_null_free() const override { return (_properties & (NullFree | EarlyLarval)) != 0; }
+  bool is_early_larval() const override { return (_properties & EarlyLarval) != 0; }
+  bool is_wrapper() const override { return true; }
+};
+
 #endif // SHARE_CI_CITYPE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeArrayKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeArrayKlass.hpp
index 294e307f886..34f82bce328 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeArrayKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeArrayKlass.hpp
@@ -61,6 +61,10 @@ class ciTypeArrayKlass : public ciArrayKlass {
   virtual ciKlass* exact_klass() {
     return this;
   }
+
+  virtual bool can_be_inline_array_klass() {
+    return false;
+  }
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_CI_CITYPEARRAYKLASS_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeFlow.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeFlow.cpp
index 6df090a7ce5..073e2788ba2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeFlow.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeFlow.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 
 #include "ci/ciConstant.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciField.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciMethod.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciMethodData.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp"
@@ -272,9 +273,21 @@ ciType* ciTypeFlow::StateVector::type_meet_internal(ciType* t1, ciType* t2, ciTy
     return t2;
   } else if (t2->equals(top_type())) {
     return t1;
-  } else if (t1->is_primitive_type() || t2->is_primitive_type()) {
+  }
+  // Unwrap after saving nullness information and handling top meets
+  assert(t1->is_early_larval() == t2->is_early_larval(), "States should be compatible.");
+  bool is_early_larval = t1->is_early_larval();
+  bool null_free1 = t1->is_null_free();
+  bool null_free2 = t2->is_null_free();
+  if (t1->unwrap() == t2->unwrap() && null_free1 == null_free2) {
+    return t1;
+  }
+  t1 = t1->unwrap();
+  t2 = t2->unwrap();
+
+  if (t1->is_primitive_type() || t2->is_primitive_type()) {
     // Special case null_type.  null_type meet any reference type T
-    // is T.  null_type meet null_type is null_type.
+    // is T. null_type meet null_type is null_type.
     if (t1->equals(null_type())) {
       if (!t2->is_primitive_type() || t2->equals(null_type())) {
         return t2;
@@ -288,50 +301,59 @@ ciType* ciTypeFlow::StateVector::type_meet_internal(ciType* t1, ciType* t2, ciTy
     // At least one of the two types is a non-top primitive type.
     // The other type is not equal to it.  Fall to bottom.
     return bottom_type();
-  } else {
-    // Both types are non-top non-primitive types.  That is,
-    // both types are either instanceKlasses or arrayKlasses.
-    ciKlass* object_klass = analyzer->env()->Object_klass();
-    ciKlass* k1 = t1->as_klass();
-    ciKlass* k2 = t2->as_klass();
-    if (k1->equals(object_klass) || k2->equals(object_klass)) {
-      return object_klass;
-    } else if (!k1->is_loaded() || !k2->is_loaded()) {
-      // Unloaded classes fall to java.lang.Object at a merge.
-      return object_klass;
-    } else if (k1->is_interface() != k2->is_interface()) {
-      // When an interface meets a non-interface, we get Object;
-      // This is what the verifier does.
-      return object_klass;
-    } else if (k1->is_array_klass() || k2->is_array_klass()) {
-      // When an array meets a non-array, we get Object.
-      // When objArray meets typeArray, we also get Object.
-      // And when typeArray meets different typeArray, we again get Object.
-      // But when objArray meets objArray, we look carefully at element types.
-      if (k1->is_obj_array_klass() && k2->is_obj_array_klass()) {
-        // Meet the element types, then construct the corresponding array type.
-        ciKlass* elem1 = k1->as_obj_array_klass()->element_klass();
-        ciKlass* elem2 = k2->as_obj_array_klass()->element_klass();
-        ciKlass* elem  = type_meet_internal(elem1, elem2, analyzer)->as_klass();
-        // Do an easy shortcut if one type is a super of the other.
-        if (elem == elem1) {
-          assert(k1 == ciObjArrayKlass::make(elem), "shortcut is OK");
-          return k1;
-        } else if (elem == elem2) {
-          assert(k2 == ciObjArrayKlass::make(elem), "shortcut is OK");
-          return k2;
-        } else {
-          return ciObjArrayKlass::make(elem);
-        }
+  }
+
+  // Both types are non-top non-primitive types.  That is,
+  // both types are either instanceKlasses or arrayKlasses.
+  ciKlass* object_klass = analyzer->env()->Object_klass();
+  ciKlass* k1 = t1->as_klass();
+  ciKlass* k2 = t2->as_klass();
+  if (k1->equals(object_klass) || k2->equals(object_klass)) {
+    return object_klass;
+  } else if (!k1->is_loaded() || !k2->is_loaded()) {
+    // Unloaded classes fall to java.lang.Object at a merge.
+    return object_klass;
+  } else if (k1->is_interface() != k2->is_interface()) {
+    // When an interface meets a non-interface, we get Object;
+    // This is what the verifier does.
+    return object_klass;
+  } else if (k1->is_array_klass() || k2->is_array_klass()) {
+    // When an array meets a non-array, we get Object.
+    // When objArray meets typeArray, we also get Object.
+    // And when typeArray meets different typeArray, we again get Object.
+    // But when objArray meets objArray, we look carefully at element types.
+    if (k1->is_obj_array_klass() && k2->is_obj_array_klass()) {
+      ciType* elem1 = k1->as_array_klass()->element_klass();
+      ciType* elem2 = k2->as_array_klass()->element_klass();
+      ciType* elem = elem1;
+      if (elem1 != elem2) {
+        elem = type_meet_internal(elem1, elem2, analyzer)->as_klass();
+      }
+      // Do an easy shortcut if one type is a super of the other.
+      if (elem == elem1 && !elem->is_inlinetype()) {
+        assert(k1 == ciArrayKlass::make(elem), "shortcut is OK");
+        return k1;
+      } else if (elem == elem2 && !elem->is_inlinetype()) {
+        assert(k2 == ciArrayKlass::make(elem), "shortcut is OK");
+        return k2;
       } else {
-        return object_klass;
+        return ciArrayKlass::make(elem);
       }
     } else {
-      // Must be two plain old instance klasses.
-      assert(k1->is_instance_klass(), "previous cases handle non-instances");
-      assert(k2->is_instance_klass(), "previous cases handle non-instances");
-      return k1->least_common_ancestor(k2);
+      return object_klass;
+    }
+  } else {
+    // Must be two plain old instance klasses.
+    assert(k1->is_instance_klass(), "previous cases handle non-instances");
+    assert(k2->is_instance_klass(), "previous cases handle non-instances");
+    ciType* result = k1->least_common_ancestor(k2);
+    if (null_free1 && null_free2 && result->is_inlinetype()) {
+      result = analyzer->mark_as_null_free(result);
     }
+    if (is_early_larval) {
+      result = analyzer->mark_as_early_larval(result);
+    }
+    return result;
   }
 }
 
@@ -393,7 +415,19 @@ const ciTypeFlow::StateVector* ciTypeFlow::get_start_state() {
   // "Push" the method signature into the first few locals.
   state->set_stack_size(-max_locals());
   if (!method()->is_static()) {
-    state->push(method()->holder());
+    ciType* holder = method()->holder();
+    if (method()->is_object_constructor()) {
+      if (holder->is_inlinetype() || (holder->is_instance_klass() && !holder->as_instance_klass()->flags().is_identity())) {
+        // The receiver is early larval (so also null-free)
+        holder = mark_as_early_larval(holder);
+      }
+    } else {
+      if (holder->is_inlinetype()) {
+        // The receiver is null-free
+        holder = mark_as_null_free(holder);
+      }
+    }
+    state->push(holder);
     assert(state->tos() == state->local(0), "");
   }
   for (ciSignatureStream str(method()->signature());
@@ -543,12 +577,12 @@ void ciTypeFlow::StateVector::push_translate(ciType* type) {
 }
 
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
-// ciTypeFlow::StateVector::do_aaload
-void ciTypeFlow::StateVector::do_aaload(ciBytecodeStream* str) {
+// ciTypeFlow::StateVector::do_aload
+void ciTypeFlow::StateVector::do_aload(ciBytecodeStream* str) {
   pop_int();
-  ciObjArrayKlass* array_klass = pop_objArray();
+  ciArrayKlass* array_klass = pop_objOrFlatArray();
   if (array_klass == nullptr) {
-    // Did aaload on a null reference; push a null and ignore the exception.
+    // Did aload on a null reference; push a null and ignore the exception.
     // This instruction will never continue normally.  All we have to do
     // is report a value that will meet correctly with any downstream
     // reference types on paths that will truly be executed.  This null type
@@ -566,6 +600,7 @@ void ciTypeFlow::StateVector::do_aaload(ciBytecodeStream* str) {
     return;
   }
   ciKlass* element_klass = array_klass->element_klass();
+  // TODO 8350865 Can we check that array_klass is null_free and use mark_as_null_free on the result here?
   if (!element_klass->is_loaded() && element_klass->is_instance_klass()) {
     Untested("unloaded array element class in ciTypeFlow");
     trap(str, element_klass,
@@ -591,7 +626,13 @@ void ciTypeFlow::StateVector::do_checkcast(ciBytecodeStream* str) {
     pop_object();
     do_null_assert(klass);
   } else {
-    pop_object();
+    ciType* type = pop_value();
+    type = type->unwrap();
+    if (type->is_loaded() && klass->is_loaded() &&
+        type != klass && type->is_subtype_of(klass)) {
+      // Useless cast, propagate more precise type of object
+      klass = type->as_klass();
+    }
     push_object(klass);
   }
 }
@@ -613,7 +654,16 @@ void ciTypeFlow::StateVector::do_getstatic(ciBytecodeStream* str) {
     trap(str, field->holder(), str->get_field_holder_index());
   } else {
     ciType* field_type = field->type();
-    if (!field_type->is_loaded()) {
+    if (field->is_static() && field->is_null_free() &&
+        !field_type->as_instance_klass()->is_initialized()) {
+      // Deoptimize if we load from a static field with an uninitialized inline type
+      // because we need to throw an exception if initialization of the type failed.
+      trap(str, field_type->as_klass(),
+           Deoptimization::make_trap_request
+           (Deoptimization::Reason_unloaded,
+            Deoptimization::Action_reinterpret));
+      return;
+    } else if (!field_type->is_loaded()) {
       // Normally, we need the field's type to be loaded if we are to
       // do anything interesting with its value.
       // We used to do this:  trap(str, str->get_field_signature_index());
@@ -634,6 +684,9 @@ void ciTypeFlow::StateVector::do_getstatic(ciBytecodeStream* str) {
       // (See bug 4379915.)
       do_null_assert(field_type->as_klass());
     } else {
+      if (field->is_null_free()) {
+        field_type = outer()->mark_as_null_free(field_type);
+      }
       push_translate(field_type);
     }
   }
@@ -681,7 +734,17 @@ void ciTypeFlow::StateVector::do_invoke(ciBytecodeStream* str,
       pop();
     }
     if (has_receiver) {
-      // Check this?
+      if (type_at_tos()->is_early_larval()) {
+        // Call with larval receiver accepted by verifier
+        // => this is <init> and the receiver is no longer larval after that.
+        Cell limit = limit_cell();
+        for (Cell c = start_cell(); c < limit; c = next_cell(c)) {
+          if (type_at(c)->ident() == type_at_tos()->ident()) {
+            assert(type_at(c) == type_at_tos(), "Sin! Abomination!");
+            set_type_at(c, type_at_tos()->unwrap());
+          }
+        }
+      }
       pop_object();
     }
     assert(!sigstr.is_done(), "must have return type");
@@ -737,7 +800,11 @@ void ciTypeFlow::StateVector::do_ldc(ciBytecodeStream* str) {
         push_null();
       } else {
         assert(obj->is_instance() || obj->is_array(), "must be java_mirror of klass");
-        push_object(obj->klass());
+        ciType* type = obj->klass();
+        if (type->is_inlinetype()) {
+          type = outer()->mark_as_null_free(type);
+        }
+        push(type);
       }
     } else {
       assert(basic_type == con.basic_type() || con.basic_type() == T_OBJECT,
@@ -775,6 +842,10 @@ void ciTypeFlow::StateVector::do_new(ciBytecodeStream* str) {
   if (!will_link || str->is_unresolved_klass()) {
     trap(str, klass, str->get_klass_index());
   } else {
+    if (klass->is_inlinetype()) {
+      push(outer()->mark_as_early_larval(klass));
+      return;
+    }
     push_object(klass);
   }
 }
@@ -884,13 +955,13 @@ bool ciTypeFlow::StateVector::apply_one_bytecode(ciBytecodeStream* str) {
   }
 
   switch(str->cur_bc()) {
-  case Bytecodes::_aaload: do_aaload(str);                       break;
+  case Bytecodes::_aaload: do_aload(str);                           break;
 
   case Bytecodes::_aastore:
     {
       pop_object();
       pop_int();
-      pop_objArray();
+      pop_objOrFlatArray();
       break;
     }
   case Bytecodes::_aconst_null:
@@ -912,7 +983,7 @@ bool ciTypeFlow::StateVector::apply_one_bytecode(ciBytecodeStream* str) {
       if (!will_link) {
         trap(str, element_klass, str->get_klass_index());
       } else {
-        push_object(ciObjArrayKlass::make(element_klass));
+        push_object(ciArrayKlass::make(element_klass));
       }
       break;
     }
@@ -1471,6 +1542,7 @@ bool ciTypeFlow::StateVector::apply_one_bytecode(ciBytecodeStream* str) {
       push(value2);
       break;
     }
+
   case Bytecodes::_wide:
   default:
     {
@@ -1491,7 +1563,7 @@ bool ciTypeFlow::StateVector::apply_one_bytecode(ciBytecodeStream* str) {
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
 // ciTypeFlow::StateVector::print_cell_on
 void ciTypeFlow::StateVector::print_cell_on(outputStream* st, Cell c) const {
-  ciType* type = type_at(c);
+  ciType* type = type_at(c)->unwrap();
   if (type == top_type()) {
     st->print("top");
   } else if (type == bottom_type()) {
@@ -1754,9 +1826,12 @@ ciTypeFlow::Block::successors(ciBytecodeStream* str,
         break;
       }
 
-      case Bytecodes::_athrow:     case Bytecodes::_ireturn:
-      case Bytecodes::_lreturn:    case Bytecodes::_freturn:
-      case Bytecodes::_dreturn:    case Bytecodes::_areturn:
+      case Bytecodes::_athrow:
+      case Bytecodes::_ireturn:
+      case Bytecodes::_lreturn:
+      case Bytecodes::_freturn:
+      case Bytecodes::_dreturn:
+      case Bytecodes::_areturn:
       case Bytecodes::_return:
         _successors =
           new (arena) GrowableArray<Block*>(arena, 1, 0, nullptr);
@@ -3149,6 +3224,17 @@ void ciTypeFlow::record_failure(const char* reason) {
   }
 }
 
+ciType* ciTypeFlow::mark_as_early_larval(ciType* type) {
+  // Wrap the type to carry the information that it is null-free
+  return env()->make_early_larval_wrapper(type);
+}
+
+
+ciType* ciTypeFlow::mark_as_null_free(ciType* type) {
+  // Wrap the type to carry the information that it is null-free
+  return env()->make_null_free_wrapper(type);
+}
+
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 void ciTypeFlow::print() const       { print_on(tty); }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeFlow.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeFlow.hpp
index add20077128..6df8db4ca74 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeFlow.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeFlow.hpp
@@ -334,14 +334,14 @@ class ciTypeFlow : public ArenaObj {
              type_at_tos()->is_array_klass(), "must be array type");
       pop();
     }
-    // pop_objArray and pop_typeArray narrow the tos to ciObjArrayKlass
-    // or ciTypeArrayKlass (resp.).  In the rare case that an explicit
+    // pop_objOrFlatArray and pop_typeArray narrow the tos to ciObjArrayKlass,
+    // ciFlatArrayKlass or ciTypeArrayKlass (resp.). In the rare case that an explicit
     // null is popped from the stack, we return null.  Caller beware.
-    ciObjArrayKlass* pop_objArray() {
+    ciArrayKlass* pop_objOrFlatArray() {
       ciType* array = pop_value();
       if (array == null_type())  return nullptr;
-      assert(array->is_obj_array_klass(), "must be object array type");
-      return array->as_obj_array_klass();
+      assert(array->is_obj_array_klass(), "must be an object array type");
+      return array->as_array_klass();
     }
     ciTypeArrayKlass* pop_typeArray() {
       ciType* array = pop_value();
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ class ciTypeFlow : public ArenaObj {
     void      do_null_assert(ciKlass* unloaded_klass);
 
     // Helper convenience routines.
-    void do_aaload(ciBytecodeStream* str);
+    void do_aload(ciBytecodeStream* str);
     void do_checkcast(ciBytecodeStream* str);
     void do_getfield(ciBytecodeStream* str);
     void do_getstatic(ciBytecodeStream* str);
@@ -852,6 +852,9 @@ class ciTypeFlow : public ArenaObj {
                                       return _block_map[rpo]; }
   int inc_next_pre_order()          { return _next_pre_order++; }
 
+  ciType* mark_as_early_larval(ciType* type);
+  ciType* mark_as_null_free(ciType* type);
+
 private:
   // A work list used during flow analysis.
   Block* _work_list;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp
index 770c1e8fbc1..541b6eb8655 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
  * questions.
  *
  */
+
 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classFileParser.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classFileStream.hpp"
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@
 #include "oops/constantPool.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/fieldInfo.hpp"
 #include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
@@ -86,6 +88,7 @@
 #include "utilities/hashTable.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 #include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
+#include "utilities/stringUtils.hpp"
 #include "utilities/utf8.hpp"
 
 // We generally try to create the oops directly when parsing, rather than
@@ -498,6 +501,7 @@ void ClassFileParser::parse_constant_pool(const ClassFileStream* const stream,
         guarantee_property(valid_symbol_at(class_index),
           "Invalid constant pool index %u in class file %s",
           class_index, CHECK);
+
         cp->unresolved_klass_at_put(index, class_index, num_klasses++);
         break;
       }
@@ -939,6 +943,8 @@ class AnnotationCollector : public ResourceObj{
     _field_Stable,
     _jdk_internal_vm_annotation_ReservedStackAccess,
     _jdk_internal_ValueBased,
+    _jdk_internal_LooselyConsistentValue,
+    _jdk_internal_NullRestricted,
     _java_lang_Deprecated,
     _java_lang_Deprecated_for_removal,
     _jdk_internal_vm_annotation_AOTSafeClassInitializer,
@@ -1373,7 +1379,7 @@ void ClassFileParser::parse_field_attributes(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
 // Side-effects: populates the _fields, _fields_annotations,
 // _fields_type_annotations fields
 void ClassFileParser::parse_fields(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
-                                   bool is_interface,
+                                   AccessFlags class_access_flags,
                                    ConstantPool* cp,
                                    const int cp_size,
                                    u2* const java_fields_count_ptr,
@@ -1386,6 +1392,10 @@ void ClassFileParser::parse_fields(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
   assert(nullptr == _fields_annotations, "invariant");
   assert(nullptr == _fields_type_annotations, "invariant");
 
+  // "inline type" means concrete value class
+  bool is_inline_type = !class_access_flags.is_identity_class() && !class_access_flags.is_abstract();
+  // "value class" can be either abstract or concrete value class
+  bool is_value_class = !class_access_flags.is_identity_class() && !class_access_flags.is_interface();
   cfs->guarantee_more(2, CHECK);  // length
   const u2 length = cfs->get_u2_fast();
   *java_fields_count_ptr = length;
@@ -1393,7 +1403,17 @@ void ClassFileParser::parse_fields(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
   int num_injected = 0;
   const InjectedField* const injected = JavaClasses::get_injected(_class_name,
                                                                   &num_injected);
-  const int total_fields = length + num_injected;
+
+  // Two more slots are required for inline classes:
+  //   - The static field ".null_reset" which carries the nullable flat layout
+  //     representation of null, added below
+  //   - The nonstatic field ".empty" the JVM injects when detecting an empty
+  //     inline class, added in FieldLayoutBuilder::compute_inline_class_layout
+  // One more slot is required for both abstract value class and inline classes:
+  //   - The static field ".acmp_maps" for acmp and identity hash, tracks
+  //     nonstatic fields both inherited or declared, added below
+  const int total_fields = length + num_injected + (is_inline_type ? 2 : 0)
+                           + (is_value_class ? 1 : 0);
 
   // Allocate a temporary resource array to collect field data.
   // After parsing all fields, data are stored in a UNSIGNED5 compressed stream.
@@ -1404,9 +1424,14 @@ void ClassFileParser::parse_fields(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
     // access_flags, name_index, descriptor_index, attributes_count
     cfs->guarantee_more(8, CHECK);
 
+    jint recognized_modifiers = JVM_RECOGNIZED_FIELD_MODIFIERS;
+    if (!supports_inline_types()) {
+      recognized_modifiers &= ~JVM_ACC_STRICT_INIT;
+    }
+
+    const jint flags = cfs->get_u2_fast() & recognized_modifiers;
+    verify_legal_field_modifiers(flags, class_access_flags, CHECK);
     AccessFlags access_flags;
-    const jint flags = cfs->get_u2_fast() & JVM_RECOGNIZED_FIELD_MODIFIERS;
-    verify_legal_field_modifiers(flags, is_interface, CHECK);
     access_flags.set_flags(flags);
     FieldInfo::FieldFlags fieldFlags(0);
 
@@ -1430,6 +1455,8 @@ void ClassFileParser::parse_fields(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
     const bool is_static = access_flags.is_static();
     FieldAnnotationCollector parsed_annotations(_loader_data);
 
+    bool is_null_restricted = false;
+
     const u2 attributes_count = cfs->get_u2_fast();
     if (attributes_count > 0) {
       parse_field_attributes(cfs,
@@ -1450,6 +1477,32 @@ void ClassFileParser::parse_fields(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
         }
         _fields_annotations->at_put(n, parsed_annotations.field_annotations());
         parsed_annotations.set_field_annotations(nullptr);
+        if (parsed_annotations.has_annotation(AnnotationCollector::_jdk_internal_NullRestricted)) {
+          if (!Signature::has_envelope(sig)) {
+            Exceptions::fthrow(
+              THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
+              vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassFormatError(),
+              "Illegal use of @jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted annotation on field %s.%s with signature %s (primitive types can never be null)",
+              class_name()->as_C_string(), name->as_C_string(), sig->as_C_string());
+            return;
+          }
+          if (!supports_inline_types()) {
+            Exceptions::fthrow(
+              THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
+              vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassFormatError(),
+              "Illegal use of @jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted annotation on field %s.%s in non-preview class file",
+              class_name()->as_C_string(), name->as_C_string());
+            return;
+          }
+
+          if ((flags & JVM_ACC_STRICT_INIT) == 0) {
+            // Inject STRICT_INIT and validate in context
+            const jint patched_flags = flags | JVM_ACC_STRICT_INIT;
+            verify_legal_field_modifiers(patched_flags, class_access_flags, CHECK);
+            access_flags.set_flags(patched_flags);
+          }
+          is_null_restricted = true;
+        }
       }
       if (parsed_annotations.field_type_annotations() != nullptr) {
         if (_fields_type_annotations == nullptr) {
@@ -1471,6 +1524,13 @@ void ClassFileParser::parse_fields(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
       }
     }
 
+    if (is_null_restricted) {
+      fieldFlags.update_null_free_inline_type(true);
+      if (is_static) {
+        _has_null_restricted_static_fields = true;
+      }
+    }
+
     const BasicType type = cp->basic_type_for_signature_at(signature_index);
 
     // Update number of static oop fields.
@@ -1487,11 +1547,13 @@ void ClassFileParser::parse_fields(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
     if (fi.field_flags().is_contended()) {
       _has_contended_fields = true;
     }
+    if (access_flags.is_strict() && access_flags.is_static()) {
+      _has_strict_static_fields = true;
+    }
     _temp_field_info->append(fi);
   }
   assert(_temp_field_info->length() == length, "Must be");
 
-  int index = length;
   if (num_injected != 0) {
     for (int n = 0; n < num_injected; n++) {
       // Check for duplicates
@@ -1519,13 +1581,44 @@ void ClassFileParser::parse_fields(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
       fflags.update_injected(true);
       AccessFlags aflags;
       FieldInfo fi(aflags, (u2)(injected[n].name_index), (u2)(injected[n].signature_index), 0, fflags);
-      fi.set_index(index);
-      _temp_field_info->append(fi);
-      index++;
+      int idx = _temp_field_info->append(fi);
+      _temp_field_info->adr_at(idx)->set_index(idx);
     }
   }
 
-  assert(_temp_field_info->length() == index, "Must be");
+  if (is_inline_type) {
+    // Inject static ".null_reset" field. This is an all-zero value with its null-channel set to zero.
+    // It should never be seen by user code, it is used when writing "null" to a nullable flat field
+    // The all-zero value ensure that any embedded oop will be set to null, to avoid keeping dead objects
+    // alive.
+    FieldInfo::FieldFlags fflags2(0);
+    fflags2.update_injected(true);
+    AccessFlags aflags2(JVM_ACC_STATIC);
+    FieldInfo fi2(aflags2,
+                 (u2)vmSymbols::as_int(VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(null_reset_value_name)),
+                 (u2)vmSymbols::as_int(VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(object_signature)),
+                 0,
+                 fflags2);
+    int idx2 = _temp_field_info->append(fi2);
+    _temp_field_info->adr_at(idx2)->set_index(idx2);
+    _static_oop_count++;
+  }
+  if (!access_flags().is_identity_class() && !access_flags().is_interface()
+      && _class_name != vmSymbols::java_lang_Object()) {
+    // Acmp map ".acmp_maps" required for abstract and concrete value classes
+    FieldInfo::FieldFlags fflags2(0);
+    fflags2.update_injected(true);
+    fflags2.update_stable(true);
+    AccessFlags aflags2(JVM_ACC_STATIC | JVM_ACC_FINAL);
+    FieldInfo fi3(aflags2,
+                 (u2)vmSymbols::as_int(VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(acmp_maps_name)),
+                 (u2)vmSymbols::as_int(VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(int_array_signature)),
+                 0,
+                 fflags2);
+    int idx2 = _temp_field_info->append(fi3);
+    _temp_field_info->adr_at(idx2)->set_index(idx2);
+    _static_oop_count++;
+  }
 
   if (_need_verify && length > 1) {
     // Check duplicated fields
@@ -1910,6 +2003,14 @@ AnnotationCollector::annotation_index(const ClassLoaderData* loader_data,
       if (!privileged)              break;  // only allow in privileged code
       return _jdk_internal_ValueBased;
     }
+    case VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(jdk_internal_vm_annotation_LooselyConsistentValue_signature): {
+      if (_location != _in_class)   break; // only allow for classes
+      return _jdk_internal_LooselyConsistentValue;
+    }
+    case VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(jdk_internal_vm_annotation_NullRestricted_signature): {
+      if (_location != _in_field)   break; // only allow for fields
+      return _jdk_internal_NullRestricted;
+    }
     case VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(java_lang_Deprecated): {
       return _java_lang_Deprecated;
     }
@@ -2149,6 +2250,7 @@ void ClassFileParser::copy_method_annotations(ConstMethod* cm,
 
 Method* ClassFileParser::parse_method(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
                                       bool is_interface,
+                                      bool is_identity_class,
                                       const ConstantPool* cp,
                                       bool* const has_localvariable_table,
                                       TRAPS) {
@@ -2190,7 +2292,7 @@ Method* ClassFileParser::parse_method(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
       return nullptr;
     }
   } else {
-    verify_legal_method_modifiers(flags, is_interface, name, CHECK_NULL);
+    verify_legal_method_modifiers(flags, access_flags(), name, CHECK_NULL);
   }
 
   if (name == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name() && is_interface) {
@@ -2198,6 +2300,15 @@ Method* ClassFileParser::parse_method(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
     return nullptr;
   }
 
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    if (((flags & JVM_ACC_SYNCHRONIZED) == JVM_ACC_SYNCHRONIZED)
+        && ((flags & JVM_ACC_STATIC) == 0 )
+        && !_access_flags.is_identity_class()) {
+      classfile_parse_error("Invalid synchronized method in non-identity class %s", THREAD);
+      return nullptr;
+    }
+  }
+
   int args_size = -1;  // only used when _need_verify is true
   if (_need_verify) {
     verify_legal_name_with_signature(name, signature, CHECK_NULL);
@@ -2716,7 +2827,8 @@ Method* ClassFileParser::parse_method(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
 
   if (InstanceKlass::is_finalization_enabled() &&
       name == vmSymbols::finalize_method_name() &&
-      signature == vmSymbols::void_method_signature()) {
+      signature == vmSymbols::void_method_signature() &&
+      is_identity_class) {
     if (m->is_empty_method()) {
       _has_empty_finalizer = true;
     } else {
@@ -2756,6 +2868,7 @@ void ClassFileParser::parse_methods(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
     for (int index = 0; index < length; index++) {
       Method* method = parse_method(cfs,
                                     is_interface,
+                                    is_identity_class(),
                                     _cp,
                                     has_localvariable_table,
                                     CHECK);
@@ -3021,6 +3134,7 @@ u2 ClassFileParser::parse_classfile_inner_classes_attribute(const ClassFileStrea
       guarantee_property(inner_class_info_index != outer_class_info_index,
                          "Class is both outer and inner class in class file %s", CHECK_0);
     }
+
     // Access flags
     u2 flags;
     // JVM_ACC_MODULE is defined in JDK-9 and later.
@@ -3029,11 +3143,20 @@ u2 ClassFileParser::parse_classfile_inner_classes_attribute(const ClassFileStrea
     } else {
       flags = cfs->get_u2_fast() & RECOGNIZED_INNER_CLASS_MODIFIERS;
     }
+
     if ((flags & JVM_ACC_INTERFACE) && _major_version < JAVA_6_VERSION) {
       // Set abstract bit for old class files for backward compatibility
       flags |= JVM_ACC_ABSTRACT;
     }
 
+    if (!supports_inline_types()) {
+      const bool is_module = (flags & JVM_ACC_MODULE) != 0;
+      const bool is_interface = (flags & JVM_ACC_INTERFACE) != 0;
+      if (!is_module && !is_interface) {
+        flags |= JVM_ACC_IDENTITY;
+      }
+    }
+
     Symbol* inner_name_symbol = inner_name_index == 0 ? nullptr : cp->symbol_at(inner_name_index);
     verify_legal_class_modifiers(flags, inner_name_symbol, inner_name_index == 0, CHECK_0);
     AccessFlags inner_access_flags(flags);
@@ -3139,6 +3262,49 @@ u2 ClassFileParser::parse_classfile_permitted_subclasses_attribute(const ClassFi
   return length;
 }
 
+u2 ClassFileParser::parse_classfile_loadable_descriptors_attribute(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
+                                                                   const u1* const loadable_descriptors_attribute_start,
+                                                                   TRAPS) {
+  const u1* const current_mark = cfs->current();
+  u2 length = 0;
+  if (loadable_descriptors_attribute_start != nullptr) {
+    cfs->set_current(loadable_descriptors_attribute_start);
+    cfs->guarantee_more(2, CHECK_0);  // length
+    length = cfs->get_u2_fast();
+  }
+  const int size = length;
+  Array<u2>* const loadable_descriptors = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(_loader_data, size, CHECK_0);
+  _loadable_descriptors = loadable_descriptors;
+  if (length > 0) {
+    int index = 0;
+    cfs->guarantee_more(2 * length, CHECK_0);
+    for (int n = 0; n < length; n++) {
+      const u2 descriptor_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
+      guarantee_property(
+        valid_symbol_at(descriptor_index),
+        "LoadableDescriptors descriptor_index %u has bad constant type in class file %s",
+        descriptor_index, CHECK_0);
+      Symbol* descriptor = _cp->symbol_at(descriptor_index);
+      bool valid = legal_field_signature(descriptor, CHECK_0);
+      if (!valid) {
+        ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+        Exceptions::fthrow(THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
+          vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassFormatError(),
+          "Descriptor from LoadableDescriptors attribute at index \"%d\" in class %s has illegal signature \"%s\"",
+          descriptor_index, _class_name->as_C_string(), descriptor->as_C_string());
+        return 0;
+      }
+      loadable_descriptors->at_put(index++, descriptor_index);
+    }
+    assert(index == size, "wrong size");
+  }
+
+  // Restore buffer's current position.
+  cfs->set_current(current_mark);
+
+  return length;
+}
+
 //  Record {
 //    u2 attribute_name_index;
 //    u4 attribute_length;
@@ -3389,12 +3555,15 @@ void ClassFileParser::parse_classfile_attributes(const ClassFileStream* const cf
   _nest_members = Universe::the_empty_short_array();
   // Set _permitted_subclasses attribute to default sentinel
   _permitted_subclasses = Universe::the_empty_short_array();
+  // Set _loadable_descriptors attribute to default sentinel
+  _loadable_descriptors = Universe::the_empty_short_array();
   cfs->guarantee_more(2, CHECK);  // attributes_count
   u2 attributes_count = cfs->get_u2_fast();
   bool parsed_sourcefile_attribute = false;
   bool parsed_innerclasses_attribute = false;
   bool parsed_nest_members_attribute = false;
   bool parsed_permitted_subclasses_attribute = false;
+  bool parsed_loadable_descriptors_attribute = false;
   bool parsed_nest_host_attribute = false;
   bool parsed_record_attribute = false;
   bool parsed_enclosingmethod_attribute = false;
@@ -3416,6 +3585,8 @@ void ClassFileParser::parse_classfile_attributes(const ClassFileStream* const cf
   u4  record_attribute_length = 0;
   const u1* permitted_subclasses_attribute_start = nullptr;
   u4  permitted_subclasses_attribute_length = 0;
+  const u1* loadable_descriptors_attribute_start = nullptr;
+  u4  loadable_descriptors_attribute_length = 0;
 
   // Iterate over attributes
   while (attributes_count--) {
@@ -3631,6 +3802,15 @@ void ClassFileParser::parse_classfile_attributes(const ClassFileStream* const cf
               permitted_subclasses_attribute_start = cfs->current();
               permitted_subclasses_attribute_length = attribute_length;
             }
+            if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled() && tag == vmSymbols::tag_loadable_descriptors()) {
+              if (parsed_loadable_descriptors_attribute) {
+                classfile_parse_error("Multiple LoadableDescriptors attributes in class file %s", CHECK);
+                return;
+              }
+              parsed_loadable_descriptors_attribute = true;
+              loadable_descriptors_attribute_start = cfs->current();
+              loadable_descriptors_attribute_length = attribute_length;
+            }
           }
           // Skip attribute_length for any attribute where major_verson >= JAVA_17_VERSION
           cfs->skip_u1(attribute_length, CHECK);
@@ -3707,6 +3887,18 @@ void ClassFileParser::parse_classfile_attributes(const ClassFileStream* const cf
     }
   }
 
+  if (parsed_loadable_descriptors_attribute) {
+    const u2 num_classes = parse_classfile_loadable_descriptors_attribute(
+                            cfs,
+                            loadable_descriptors_attribute_start,
+                            CHECK);
+    if (_need_verify) {
+      guarantee_property(
+        loadable_descriptors_attribute_length == sizeof(num_classes) + sizeof(u2) * num_classes,
+        "Wrong LoadableDescriptors attribute length in class file %s", CHECK);
+    }
+  }
+
   if (_max_bootstrap_specifier_index >= 0) {
     guarantee_property(parsed_bootstrap_methods_attribute,
                        "Missing BootstrapMethods attribute in class file %s", CHECK);
@@ -3773,9 +3965,11 @@ void ClassFileParser::apply_parsed_class_metadata(
   this_klass->set_inner_classes(_inner_classes);
   this_klass->set_nest_members(_nest_members);
   this_klass->set_nest_host_index(_nest_host);
+  this_klass->set_loadable_descriptors(_loadable_descriptors);
   this_klass->set_annotations(_combined_annotations);
   this_klass->set_permitted_subclasses(_permitted_subclasses);
   this_klass->set_record_components(_record_components);
+  this_klass->set_inline_layout_info_array(_inline_layout_info_array);
 
   DEBUG_ONLY(FieldInfoStream::validate_search_table(_cp, _fieldinfo_stream, _fieldinfo_search_table));
 
@@ -3814,8 +4008,7 @@ void ClassFileParser::check_super_class(ConstantPool* const cp,
 
   if (super_class_index == 0) {
     guarantee_property(_class_name == vmSymbols::java_lang_Object(),
-                       "Invalid superclass index %u in class file %s",
-                       super_class_index,
+                       "Invalid superclass index 0 in class file %s",
                        CHECK);
   } else {
     guarantee_property(valid_klass_reference_at(super_class_index),
@@ -3967,7 +4160,8 @@ void ClassFileParser::set_precomputed_flags(InstanceKlass* ik) {
   const Method* const m = ik->lookup_method(vmSymbols::finalize_method_name(),
                                            vmSymbols::void_method_signature());
   if (InstanceKlass::is_finalization_enabled() &&
-      (m != nullptr) && !m->is_empty_method()) {
+      (m != nullptr) && !m->is_empty_method() &&
+      m->method_holder()->access_flags().is_identity_class()) {
       f = true;
   }
 
@@ -4007,6 +4201,12 @@ void ClassFileParser::set_precomputed_flags(InstanceKlass* ik) {
   }
 }
 
+bool ClassFileParser::supports_inline_types() const {
+  // Inline types are only supported by class file version 71.65535 and later
+  return _major_version > JAVA_28_VERSION ||
+         (_major_version == JAVA_28_VERSION && _minor_version == JAVA_PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION);
+}
+
 // utility methods for appending an array with check for duplicates
 
 static void append_interfaces(GrowableArray<InstanceKlass*>* result,
@@ -4103,6 +4303,16 @@ void ClassFileParser::check_super_class_access(const InstanceKlass* this_klass,
       }
     }
 
+    // The JVMS says that super classes for value types must not have the ACC_IDENTITY
+    // flag set. But, java.lang.Object must still be allowed to be a direct super class
+    // for value classes. So, it is treated as a special case for now.
+    if (!this_klass->access_flags().is_identity_class() &&
+        super->name() != vmSymbols::java_lang_Object() &&
+        super->is_identity_class()) {
+      classfile_icce_error("value class %s cannot inherit from class %s", super, THREAD);
+      return;
+    }
+
     Reflection::VerifyClassAccessResults vca_result =
       Reflection::verify_class_access(this_klass, super, false);
     if (vca_result != Reflection::ACCESS_OK) {
@@ -4295,15 +4505,17 @@ void ClassFileParser::verify_legal_class_modifiers(jint flags, Symbol* inner_nam
   const bool is_interface  = (flags & JVM_ACC_INTERFACE)  != 0;
   const bool is_abstract   = (flags & JVM_ACC_ABSTRACT)   != 0;
   const bool is_final      = (flags & JVM_ACC_FINAL)      != 0;
-  const bool is_super      = (flags & JVM_ACC_SUPER)      != 0;
+  const bool is_identity   = (flags & JVM_ACC_IDENTITY)   != 0;
   const bool is_enum       = (flags & JVM_ACC_ENUM)       != 0;
   const bool is_annotation = (flags & JVM_ACC_ANNOTATION) != 0;
   const bool major_gte_1_5 = _major_version >= JAVA_1_5_VERSION;
+  const bool valid_value_class = is_identity || is_interface || (supports_inline_types() && (is_abstract || is_final));
 
   if ((is_abstract && is_final) ||
       (is_interface && !is_abstract) ||
-      (is_interface && major_gte_1_5 && (is_super || is_enum)) ||
-      (!is_interface && major_gte_1_5 && is_annotation)) {
+      (is_interface && major_gte_1_5 && (is_identity || is_enum)) ||   //  ACC_SUPER (now ACC_IDENTITY) was illegal for interfaces
+      (!is_interface && major_gte_1_5 && is_annotation) ||
+      (!valid_value_class)) {
     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
     // Names are all known to be < 64k so we know this formatted message is not excessively large.
     if (inner_name == nullptr && !is_anonymous_inner_class) {
@@ -4398,9 +4610,9 @@ void ClassFileParser::verify_class_version(u2 major, u2 minor, Symbol* class_nam
   }
 }
 
-void ClassFileParser::verify_legal_field_modifiers(jint flags,
-                                                   bool is_interface,
-                                                   TRAPS) const {
+void ClassFileParser:: verify_legal_field_modifiers(jint flags,
+                                                    AccessFlags class_access_flags,
+                                                    TRAPS) const {
   if (!_need_verify) { return; }
 
   const bool is_public    = (flags & JVM_ACC_PUBLIC)      != 0;
@@ -4411,19 +4623,42 @@ void ClassFileParser::verify_legal_field_modifiers(jint flags,
   const bool is_volatile  = (flags & JVM_ACC_VOLATILE)    != 0;
   const bool is_transient = (flags & JVM_ACC_TRANSIENT)   != 0;
   const bool is_enum      = (flags & JVM_ACC_ENUM)        != 0;
+  const bool is_strict    = (flags & JVM_ACC_STRICT_INIT) != 0;
   const bool major_gte_1_5 = _major_version >= JAVA_1_5_VERSION;
 
-  bool is_illegal = false;
+  const bool is_interface = class_access_flags.is_interface();
+  const bool is_identity_class = class_access_flags.is_identity_class();
 
-  if (is_interface) {
-    if (!is_public || !is_static || !is_final || is_private ||
-        is_protected || is_volatile || is_transient ||
-        (major_gte_1_5 && is_enum)) {
-      is_illegal = true;
-    }
-  } else { // not interface
-    if (has_illegal_visibility(flags) || (is_final && is_volatile)) {
-      is_illegal = true;
+  bool is_illegal = false;
+  const char* error_msg = "";
+
+  // There is some overlap in the checks that apply, for example interface fields
+  // must be static, static fields can't be strict, and therefore interfaces can't
+  // have strict fields. So we don't have to check every possible invalid combination
+  // individually as long as all are covered. Once we have found an illegal combination
+  // we can stop checking.
+
+  if (!is_illegal) {
+    if (is_interface) {
+      if (!is_public || !is_static || !is_final || is_private ||
+          is_protected || is_volatile || is_transient ||
+          (major_gte_1_5 && is_enum)) {
+        is_illegal = true;
+        error_msg = "interface fields must be public, static and final, and may be synthetic";
+      }
+    } else { // not interface
+      if (has_illegal_visibility(flags)) {
+        is_illegal = true;
+        error_msg = "invalid visibility flags for class field";
+      } else if (is_final && is_volatile) {
+        is_illegal = true;
+        error_msg = "fields cannot be final and volatile";
+      } else if (supports_inline_types()) {
+        if (!is_identity_class && !is_static && (!is_strict || !is_final)) {
+          is_illegal = true;
+          error_msg = "value class fields must be either non-static final and strict, or static";
+        }
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -4433,14 +4668,14 @@ void ClassFileParser::verify_legal_field_modifiers(jint flags,
     Exceptions::fthrow(
       THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
       vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassFormatError(),
-      "Illegal field modifiers in class %s: 0x%X",
-      _class_name->as_C_string(), flags);
+      "Illegal field modifiers (%s) in class %s: 0x%X",
+      error_msg, _class_name->as_C_string(), flags);
     return;
   }
 }
 
 void ClassFileParser::verify_legal_method_modifiers(jint flags,
-                                                    bool is_interface,
+                                                    AccessFlags class_access_flags,
                                                     const Symbol* name,
                                                     TRAPS) const {
   if (!_need_verify) { return; }
@@ -4459,8 +4694,11 @@ void ClassFileParser::verify_legal_method_modifiers(jint flags,
   const bool major_gte_8     = _major_version >= JAVA_8_VERSION;
   const bool major_gte_17    = _major_version >= JAVA_17_VERSION;
   const bool is_initializer  = (name == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name());
+  const bool is_interface    = class_access_flags.is_interface();
+  const bool is_identity_class = class_access_flags.is_identity_class();
 
   bool is_illegal = false;
+  const char* class_note = "";
 
   if (is_interface) {
     if (major_gte_8) {
@@ -4501,10 +4739,15 @@ void ClassFileParser::verify_legal_method_modifiers(jint flags,
           is_illegal = true;
         }
       } else { // not initializer
-        if (is_abstract) {
-          if ((is_final || is_native || is_private || is_static ||
-              (major_gte_1_5 && (is_synchronized || (!major_gte_17 && is_strict))))) {
-            is_illegal = true;
+        if (!is_identity_class && is_synchronized && !is_static) {
+          is_illegal = true;
+          class_note = " (not an identity class)";
+        } else {
+          if (is_abstract) {
+            if ((is_final || is_native || is_private || is_static ||
+                (major_gte_1_5 && (is_synchronized || (!major_gte_17 && is_strict))))) {
+              is_illegal = true;
+            }
           }
         }
       }
@@ -4517,8 +4760,8 @@ void ClassFileParser::verify_legal_method_modifiers(jint flags,
     Exceptions::fthrow(
       THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
       vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassFormatError(),
-      "Method %s in class %s has illegal modifiers: 0x%X",
-      name->as_C_string(), _class_name->as_C_string(), flags);
+      "Method %s in class %s%s has illegal modifiers: 0x%X",
+      name->as_C_string(), _class_name->as_C_string(), class_note, flags);
     return;
   }
 }
@@ -4576,6 +4819,15 @@ bool ClassFileParser::verify_unqualified_name(const char* name,
   return true;
 }
 
+bool ClassFileParser::is_class_in_loadable_descriptors_attribute(Symbol *klass) {
+  if (_loadable_descriptors == nullptr) return false;
+  for (int i = 0; i < _loadable_descriptors->length(); i++) {
+        Symbol* class_name = _cp->symbol_at(_loadable_descriptors->at(i));
+        if (class_name == klass) return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
 // Take pointer to a UTF8 byte string (not NUL-terminated).
 // Skip over the longest part of the string that could
 // be taken as a fieldname. Allow non-trailing '/'s if slash_ok is true.
@@ -4842,6 +5094,16 @@ void ClassFileParser::verify_legal_method_name(const Symbol* name, TRAPS) const
   }
 }
 
+bool ClassFileParser::legal_field_signature(const Symbol* signature, TRAPS) const {
+  const char* const bytes = (const char*)signature->bytes();
+  const unsigned int length = signature->utf8_length();
+  const char* const p = skip_over_field_signature(bytes, false, length, CHECK_false);
+
+  if (p == nullptr || (p - bytes) != (int)length) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
 
 // Checks if signature is a legal field signature.
 void ClassFileParser::verify_legal_field_signature(const Symbol* name,
@@ -4849,11 +5111,8 @@ void ClassFileParser::verify_legal_field_signature(const Symbol* name,
                                                    TRAPS) const {
   if (!_need_verify) { return; }
 
-  const char* const bytes = (const char*)signature->bytes();
-  const unsigned int length = signature->utf8_length();
-  const char* const p = skip_over_field_signature(bytes, false, length, CHECK);
-
-  if (p == nullptr || (p - bytes) != (int)length) {
+  if (!legal_field_signature(signature, THREAD)) {
+    CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;  // throw this exception instead
     throwIllegalSignature("Field", name, signature, CHECK);
   }
 }
@@ -4930,18 +5189,18 @@ int ClassFileParser::verify_legal_method_signature(const Symbol* name,
 }
 
 int ClassFileParser::static_field_size() const {
-  assert(_field_info != nullptr, "invariant");
-  return _field_info->_static_field_size;
+  assert(_layout_info != nullptr, "invariant");
+  return _layout_info->_static_field_size;
 }
 
 int ClassFileParser::total_oop_map_count() const {
-  assert(_field_info != nullptr, "invariant");
-  return _field_info->oop_map_blocks->_nonstatic_oop_map_count;
+  assert(_layout_info != nullptr, "invariant");
+  return _layout_info->oop_map_blocks->_nonstatic_oop_map_count;
 }
 
 jint ClassFileParser::layout_size() const {
-  assert(_field_info != nullptr, "invariant");
-  return _field_info->_instance_size;
+  assert(_layout_info != nullptr, "invariant");
+  return _layout_info->_instance_size;
 }
 
 static void check_methods_for_intrinsics(const InstanceKlass* ik,
@@ -5056,10 +5315,128 @@ InstanceKlass* ClassFileParser::create_instance_klass(bool changed_by_loadhook,
   fill_instance_klass(ik, changed_by_loadhook, cl_inst_info, CHECK_NULL);
 
   assert(_klass == ik, "invariant");
-
   return ik;
 }
 
+void ClassFileParser::create_acmp_maps(InstanceKlass* ik, TRAPS) {
+  ik->set_acmp_maps_offset(_layout_info->_acmp_maps_offset);
+  // Current format of acmp maps:
+  // All maps are stored contiguously in a single int array because it might
+  // be too early to instantiate an Object array (to be investigated)
+  // Format is:
+  // [number_of_nonoop_entries][offset0][size0][offset1][size1]...[oop_offset0][oop_offset1]...
+  //                           ^               ^
+  //                           |               |
+  //                           --------------------- Pair of integer describing a segment of
+  //                                                 contiguous non-oop fields
+  // First element is the number of segment of contiguous non-oop fields
+  // Then, each segment of contiguous non-oop fields is described by two consecutive elements:
+  // the offset then the size.
+  // After the last segment of contiguous non-oop fields, oop fields are described, one element
+  // per oop field, containing the offset of the field.
+  int nonoop_acmp_map_size = _layout_info->_nonoop_acmp_map->length() * 2;
+  int oop_acmp_map_size = _layout_info->_oop_acmp_map->length();
+  int acmp_map_size = nonoop_acmp_map_size + oop_acmp_map_size + 1;
+
+  typeArrayOop map = oopFactory::new_intArray(acmp_map_size, CHECK);
+  typeArrayHandle map_h(THREAD, map);
+  Array<int>* acmp_maps_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<int>(loader_data(), acmp_map_size, CHECK);
+
+  map_h->int_at_put(0, _layout_info->_nonoop_acmp_map->length());
+  acmp_maps_array->at_put(0, _layout_info->_nonoop_acmp_map->length());
+  for (int i = 0; i < _layout_info->_nonoop_acmp_map->length(); i++) {
+    map_h->int_at_put(i * 2 + 1, _layout_info->_nonoop_acmp_map->at(i)._offset);
+    map_h->int_at_put(i * 2 + 2, _layout_info->_nonoop_acmp_map->at(i)._size);
+
+    // Also store acmp maps as metadata for regeneration when using dynamic archive or AOT training data.
+    acmp_maps_array->at_put(i * 2 + 1, _layout_info->_nonoop_acmp_map->at(i)._offset);
+    acmp_maps_array->at_put(i * 2 + 2, _layout_info->_nonoop_acmp_map->at(i)._size);
+  }
+  int oop_map_start = nonoop_acmp_map_size + 1;
+  for (int i = 0; i < _layout_info->_oop_acmp_map->length(); i++) {
+    map_h->int_at_put(oop_map_start + i, _layout_info->_oop_acmp_map->at(i));
+    acmp_maps_array->at_put(oop_map_start + i, _layout_info->_oop_acmp_map->at(i));
+  }
+  assert(acmp_maps_array->length() == map_h->length(), "sanity");
+  ik->java_mirror()->obj_field_put(ik->acmp_maps_offset(), map_h());
+  ik->set_acmp_maps_array(acmp_maps_array);
+}
+
+// See the declarations of _fast_acmp_offset and _fast_acmp_mask in InlineKlass::Members
+// for details about the fast path logic, and the meaning of these values.
+void ClassFileParser::set_fast_acmp_members(InlineKlass* vk) const {
+  if (_layout_info->_oop_acmp_map->length() > 0) {  // Oops are not allowed in the fast path
+    return;
+  }
+
+  int64_t mask = 0;
+#ifndef VM_LITTLE_ENDIAN
+  // Leaving the mask and offset to default values (that is just "return;") is a correct and easy way to implement
+  // this for other endianness, but it will have a runtime cost in do_acmp, without the benefit. It is better, and
+  // probably easy with access to such an architecture, to adapt the logic below
+  // for big-endian architectures, but filling the mask from the other end. I prefer not to do it blindly.
+  vk->set_fast_acmp_offset(0);
+  vk->set_fast_acmp_mask(mask);
+
+#else
+
+  // Compute the mask for a memory zone with offset "start" and of size "size", both in bytes,
+  // assuming it won't overflow the long. In little endian, the byte with smallest address/smallest offset/closest from header
+  // will be the least significant byte.
+  //                         Value                    Memory layout
+  // make_mask_piece(0, 1) = 0x0000 0000 0000 00ff => ff | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00
+  // make_mask_piece(0, 1) = 0x0000 0000 0000 ffff => ff | ff | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00
+  // make_mask_piece(1, 1) = 0x0000 0000 0000 ff00 => 00 | ff | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00
+  // make_mask_piece(1, 3) = 0x0000 0000 ffff ff00 => 00 | ff | ff | ff | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00
+  auto make_mask_piece = [](int start, int size) -> int64_t { return right_n_bits<int64_t>(size * BitsPerByte) << (start * BitsPerByte); };
+
+  // We build the mask for a 64-bit load from the start of the payload. For each contiguous piece of memory
+  // we build the mask containing 1's where it would be in the loaded long: it must be as
+  // long as the memory that is being accessed, but the placement depends on the endianness.
+  for (int i = 0; i < _layout_info->_nonoop_acmp_map->length(); i++) {
+    int piece_start = _layout_info->_nonoop_acmp_map->at(i)._offset - _layout_info->_payload_offset;
+    int piece_size = _layout_info->_nonoop_acmp_map->at(i)._size;
+    int piece_end = piece_start + piece_size - 1;
+    if (piece_end >= BytesPerLong) {  // Too far! Can't fit in an 8-byte load, fast path will not be taken
+      return;
+    }
+    int64_t mask_piece = make_mask_piece(piece_start, piece_size);
+    mask |= mask_piece;
+  }
+
+  // If the payload is smaller than 64 bits, reading a long after the header can lead to an over-read. To avoid that, we can move the
+  // load to a lower offset (toward the beginning of the object), and adjust the mask accordingly, even if it means reading (part of)
+  // the header: the mask will filter that out.
+  // Since an object cannot be less than 8 bytes, it's surely safe.
+  if (mask == 0) {
+    // Special case: empty object. There is nothing to compare, and no payload. We can just read from the start
+    // of the header to ensure we load within the object. We can't use the general case: count_leading_zeros/count_trailing_zeros doesn't
+    // accept null argument. This case is endianness-agnostic.
+    vk->set_fast_acmp_offset(0);
+    vk->set_fast_acmp_mask(mask);
+  } else {
+    // In little endian, if the payload is not a full 64 bits, the mask will have leading 0s (most significant bytes are bytes with
+    // higher addresses/higher offset/further from the header). We can shift the mask so that there aren't leading 0s anymore, and
+    // decrease the offset by the same amount.
+    // For instance, let's say _payload_offset is 16, and the mask is 0x0000 ffff ffff 00ff, we have 16 leading 0s
+    // (the bubble at offset 1 is fine: it might be due to padding). Reading from the start of the payload might read 2 bytes
+    // after the end of the payload. To avoid that, we are going to shift the payload by 16 bits, and remove 2 bytes
+    // from the offset we should load from. At the end, fast_acmp_offset will be 14 and the mask 0xffff ffff 00ff 0000.
+    // The lowest 16 0s introduced by the shift will filter out the 2 bytes we read from the header.
+    // Big endian architectures probably need to look at count_trailing_zeros, and shift right until the last bit is 1.
+    // The offset still needs to be decreased.
+    int leading_zeroes = static_cast<int>(count_leading_zeros(mask));
+    assert(leading_zeroes % BitsPerByte == 0, "we should mask full bytes");
+    mask <<= leading_zeroes;
+    assert(count_leading_zeros(mask) == 0, "fast acmp mask can be moved further!");
+    int offset = _layout_info->_payload_offset - leading_zeroes / BitsPerByte;
+    assert(offset >= 0, "fast acmp path shouldn't load before the object");
+    vk->set_fast_acmp_offset(offset);
+    vk->set_fast_acmp_mask(mask);
+  }
+#endif // VM_LITTLE_ENDIAN
+}
+
 void ClassFileParser::fill_instance_klass(InstanceKlass* ik,
                                           bool changed_by_loadhook,
                                           const ClassInstanceInfo& cl_inst_info,
@@ -5079,22 +5456,49 @@ void ClassFileParser::fill_instance_klass(InstanceKlass* ik,
 
   set_klass_to_deallocate(ik);
 
-  assert(_field_info != nullptr, "invariant");
-  assert(ik->static_field_size() == _field_info->_static_field_size, "sanity");
-  assert(ik->nonstatic_oop_map_count() == _field_info->oop_map_blocks->_nonstatic_oop_map_count,
+  assert(_layout_info != nullptr, "invariant");
+  assert(ik->static_field_size() == _layout_info->_static_field_size, "sanity");
+  assert(ik->nonstatic_oop_map_count() == _layout_info->oop_map_blocks->_nonstatic_oop_map_count,
          "sanity");
 
   assert(ik->is_instance_klass(), "sanity");
-  assert(ik->size_helper() == _field_info->_instance_size, "sanity");
+  assert(ik->size_helper() == _layout_info->_instance_size, "sanity");
 
   // Fill in information already parsed
   ik->set_should_verify_class(_need_verify);
 
   // Not yet: supers are done below to support the new subtype-checking fields
-  ik->set_nonstatic_field_size(_field_info->_nonstatic_field_size);
-  ik->set_has_nonstatic_fields(_field_info->_has_nonstatic_fields);
+  ik->set_nonstatic_field_size(_layout_info->_nonstatic_field_size);
+  ik->set_has_nonstatic_fields(_layout_info->_has_nonstatic_fields);
+  ik->set_has_strict_static_fields(_has_strict_static_fields);
+
+  if (_layout_info->_is_naturally_atomic) {
+    ik->set_is_naturally_atomic();
+  }
+
+  if (_layout_info->_must_be_atomic) {
+    ik->set_must_be_atomic();
+  }
+
   ik->set_static_oop_field_count(_static_oop_count);
 
+  if (_has_null_restricted_static_fields) {
+    ik->set_has_null_restricted_static_fields();
+    for (int i = 0; i < _temp_field_info->length(); i++) {
+      FieldInfo& fieldinfo = _temp_field_info->at(i);
+      if (fieldinfo.access_flags().is_static() && fieldinfo.field_flags().is_null_free_inline_type()) {
+        Symbol* sig = fieldinfo.signature(_cp);
+        assert(Signature::has_envelope(sig), "Must already have been checked");
+        TempNewSymbol name = Signature::strip_envelope(sig);
+        if (name == _class_name) {
+          // Replace the nullptr previously stored now that we have the InstanceKlass for this klass.
+          _inline_layout_info_array->adr_at(fieldinfo.index())->set_klass(InlineKlass::cast(ik));
+        }
+        assert(_inline_layout_info_array->adr_at(fieldinfo.index())->klass()->is_inline_klass(), "Must be");
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   // this transfers ownership of a lot of arrays from
   // the parser onto the InstanceKlass*
   apply_parsed_class_metadata(ik, _java_fields_count);
@@ -5112,9 +5516,11 @@ void ClassFileParser::fill_instance_klass(InstanceKlass* ik,
   assert(nullptr == _methods, "invariant");
   assert(nullptr == _inner_classes, "invariant");
   assert(nullptr == _nest_members, "invariant");
+  assert(nullptr == _loadable_descriptors, "invariant");
   assert(nullptr == _combined_annotations, "invariant");
   assert(nullptr == _record_components, "invariant");
   assert(nullptr == _permitted_subclasses, "invariant");
+  assert(nullptr == _inline_layout_info_array, "invariant");
 
   if (_has_localvariable_table) {
     ik->set_has_localvariable_table(true);
@@ -5191,7 +5597,7 @@ void ClassFileParser::fill_instance_klass(InstanceKlass* ik,
 
   // Compute transitive closure of interfaces this class implements
   // Do final class setup
-  OopMapBlocksBuilder* oop_map_blocks = _field_info->oop_map_blocks;
+  OopMapBlocksBuilder* oop_map_blocks = _layout_info->oop_map_blocks;
   if (oop_map_blocks->_nonstatic_oop_map_count > 0) {
     oop_map_blocks->copy(ik->start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps());
   }
@@ -5252,6 +5658,33 @@ void ClassFileParser::fill_instance_klass(InstanceKlass* ik,
     }
   }
 
+  if (is_inline_type()) {
+    InlineKlass* vk = InlineKlass::cast(ik);
+    vk->set_payload_alignment(_layout_info->_payload_alignment);
+    vk->set_payload_offset(_layout_info->_payload_offset);
+    vk->set_payload_size_in_bytes(_layout_info->_payload_size_in_bytes);
+    vk->set_null_free_non_atomic_size_in_bytes(_layout_info->_null_free_non_atomic_size_in_bytes);
+    vk->set_null_free_non_atomic_alignment(_layout_info->_null_free_non_atomic_alignment);
+    vk->set_null_free_atomic_size_in_bytes(_layout_info->_null_free_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes);
+    vk->set_nullable_atomic_size_in_bytes(_layout_info->_nullable_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes);
+    vk->set_nullable_non_atomic_size_in_bytes(_layout_info->_nullable_non_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes);
+    vk->set_null_marker_offset(_layout_info->_null_marker_offset);
+    vk->set_null_reset_value_offset(_layout_info->_null_reset_value_offset);
+    if (_layout_info->_is_empty_inline_klass) vk->set_is_empty_inline_type();
+
+    if (UseAcmpFastPath) {
+      set_fast_acmp_members(vk);
+    }
+
+    vk->initialize_calling_convention(CHECK);
+  }
+
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled() && !access_flags().is_identity_class() && !access_flags().is_interface()
+      && _class_name != vmSymbols::java_lang_Object()) {
+    // Both abstract and concrete value classes need a field map for acmp
+    create_acmp_maps(ik, CHECK);
+  }
+
   ClassLoadingService::notify_class_loaded(ik, false /* not shared class */);
 
   if (!is_internal()) {
@@ -5335,6 +5768,7 @@ ClassFileParser::ClassFileParser(ClassFileStream* stream,
   _nest_members(nullptr),
   _nest_host(0),
   _permitted_subclasses(nullptr),
+  _loadable_descriptors(nullptr),
   _record_components(nullptr),
   _local_interfaces(nullptr),
   _transitive_interfaces(nullptr),
@@ -5346,7 +5780,8 @@ ClassFileParser::ClassFileParser(ClassFileStream* stream,
   _klass(nullptr),
   _klass_to_deallocate(nullptr),
   _parsed_annotations(nullptr),
-  _field_info(nullptr),
+  _layout_info(nullptr),
+  _inline_layout_info_array(nullptr),
   _temp_field_info(nullptr),
   _method_ordering(nullptr),
   _all_mirandas(nullptr),
@@ -5375,6 +5810,9 @@ ClassFileParser::ClassFileParser(ClassFileStream* stream,
   _has_final_method(false),
   _has_contended_fields(false),
   _has_aot_runtime_setup_method(false),
+  _has_strict_static_fields(false),
+  _has_null_restricted_static_fields(false),
+  _must_be_atomic(true),
   _has_finalizer(false),
   _has_empty_finalizer(false),
   _max_bootstrap_specifier_index(-1) {
@@ -5412,10 +5850,12 @@ void ClassFileParser::clear_class_metadata() {
   _inner_classes = nullptr;
   _nest_members = nullptr;
   _permitted_subclasses = nullptr;
+  _loadable_descriptors = nullptr;
   _combined_annotations = nullptr;
   _class_annotations = _class_type_annotations = nullptr;
   _fields_annotations = _fields_type_annotations = nullptr;
   _record_components = nullptr;
+  _inline_layout_info_array = nullptr;
 }
 
 // Destructor to clean up
@@ -5435,6 +5875,10 @@ ClassFileParser::~ClassFileParser() {
     MetadataFactory::free_array<FieldStatus>(_loader_data, _fields_status);
   }
 
+  if (_inline_layout_info_array != nullptr) {
+    MetadataFactory::free_array<InlineLayoutInfo>(_loader_data, _inline_layout_info_array);
+  }
+
   if (_methods != nullptr) {
     // Free methods
     InstanceKlass::deallocate_methods(_loader_data, _methods);
@@ -5457,6 +5901,10 @@ ClassFileParser::~ClassFileParser() {
     MetadataFactory::free_array<u2>(_loader_data, _permitted_subclasses);
   }
 
+  if (_loadable_descriptors != nullptr && _loadable_descriptors != Universe::the_empty_short_array()) {
+    MetadataFactory::free_array<u2>(_loader_data, _loadable_descriptors);
+  }
+
   // Free interfaces
   InstanceKlass::deallocate_interfaces(_loader_data, _super_klass,
                                        _local_interfaces, _transitive_interfaces);
@@ -5556,6 +6004,15 @@ void ClassFileParser::parse_stream(const ClassFileStream* const stream,
     flags |= JVM_ACC_ABSTRACT;
   }
 
+  // Fixing ACC_SUPER/ACC_IDENTITY for old class files
+  if (!supports_inline_types()) {
+    const bool is_module = (flags & JVM_ACC_MODULE) != 0;
+    const bool is_interface = (flags & JVM_ACC_INTERFACE) != 0;
+    if (!is_module && !is_interface) {
+      flags |= JVM_ACC_IDENTITY;
+    }
+  }
+
   verify_legal_class_modifiers(flags, nullptr, false, CHECK);
 
   short bad_constant = class_bad_constant_seen();
@@ -5663,7 +6120,7 @@ void ClassFileParser::parse_stream(const ClassFileStream* const stream,
 
   // Fields (offsets are filled in later)
   parse_fields(stream,
-               _access_flags.is_interface(),
+               _access_flags,
                cp,
                cp_size,
                &_java_fields_count,
@@ -5783,13 +6240,56 @@ void ClassFileParser::post_process_parsed_stream(const ClassFileStream* const st
   }
 
   if (_super_klass != nullptr) {
+    if (_super_klass->is_interface()) {
+      classfile_icce_error("class %s has interface %s as super class", _super_klass, THREAD);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (_super_klass->is_final()) {
+      classfile_icce_error("class %s cannot inherit from final class %s", _super_klass, THREAD);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+      // If this class is a value class, its super class cannot be an identity class unless it is java.lang.Object.
+      if (_super_klass->access_flags().is_identity_class() && !access_flags().is_identity_class() &&
+          _super_klass != vmClasses::Object_klass()) {
+        ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+        THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(),
+                  err_msg("Value type %s has an identity type as supertype", _class_name->as_C_string()));
+      }
+    }
+
     if (_super_klass->has_nonstatic_concrete_methods()) {
       _has_nonstatic_concrete_methods = true;
     }
+  }
 
-    if (_super_klass->is_interface()) {
-      classfile_icce_error("class %s has interface %s as super class", _super_klass, THREAD);
-      return;
+  if (_parsed_annotations->has_annotation(AnnotationCollector::_jdk_internal_LooselyConsistentValue) && _access_flags.is_identity_class()) {
+    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassFormatError(),
+              err_msg("class %s cannot have annotation jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue, because it is not a value class",
+                      _class_name->as_klass_external_name()));
+  }
+
+  // Determining if the class allows tearing or not (default is not)
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled() && !_access_flags.is_identity_class()) {
+    if (_parsed_annotations->has_annotation(ClassAnnotationCollector::_jdk_internal_LooselyConsistentValue)
+        && (_super_klass == vmClasses::Object_klass() || !_super_klass->must_be_atomic())) {
+      // Conditions above are not sufficient to determine atomicity requirements.
+      // Fields with atomicity requirements could force the current class to have atomicity requirements too.
+      // Mark as not needing atomicity for now - can be updated when computing the fields layout.
+      // The InstanceKlass must be filled with the value from the FieldLayoutInfo returned by
+      // the FieldLayoutBuilder, not with this _must_be_atomic field.
+      _must_be_atomic = false;
+    }
+    // Apply VM options override
+    if (*ForceNonTearable != '\0') {
+      // Allow a command line switch to force the same atomicity property:
+      ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+      const char* class_name_str = _class_name->as_C_string();
+      if (StringUtils::class_list_match(ForceNonTearable, class_name_str)) {
+        _must_be_atomic = true;
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -5820,16 +6320,30 @@ void ClassFileParser::post_process_parsed_stream(const ClassFileStream* const st
                                                     _local_interfaces);
 
   // Size of Java itable (in words)
-  _itable_size = _access_flags.is_interface() ? 0 :
+  _itable_size = is_interface() ? 0 :
     klassItable::compute_itable_size(_transitive_interfaces);
 
   assert(_parsed_annotations != nullptr, "invariant");
 
-  _field_info = new FieldLayoutInfo();
-  FieldLayoutBuilder lb(class_name(), super_klass(), _cp, /*_fields*/ _temp_field_info,
-                        _parsed_annotations->is_contended(), _field_info);
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    fetch_field_classes(cp, CHECK);
+  }
+
+  _layout_info = new FieldLayoutInfo();
+  FieldLayoutBuilder lb(class_name(), loader_data(), super_klass(), _cp, /*_fields*/ _temp_field_info,
+      _parsed_annotations->is_contended(), is_inline_type(),
+      access_flags().is_abstract() && !access_flags().is_identity_class() && !access_flags().is_interface(),
+      _must_be_atomic, _layout_info, _inline_layout_info_array);
   lb.build_layout();
 
+  // If it turned out that we didn't inline any of the fields, we deallocate
+  // the array of InlineLayoutInfo since it isn't needed, and so it isn't
+  // transferred to the allocated InstanceKlass.
+  if (_inline_layout_info_array != nullptr && !(_layout_info->_has_inlined_fields || _has_null_restricted_static_fields)) {
+    MetadataFactory::free_array<InlineLayoutInfo>(_loader_data, _inline_layout_info_array);
+    _inline_layout_info_array = nullptr;
+  }
+
   int injected_fields_count = _temp_field_info->length() - _java_fields_count;
   _fieldinfo_stream =
     FieldInfoStream::create_FieldInfoStream(_temp_field_info, _java_fields_count,
@@ -5838,6 +6352,135 @@ void ClassFileParser::post_process_parsed_stream(const ClassFileStream* const st
   _fields_status =
     MetadataFactory::new_array<FieldStatus>(_loader_data, _temp_field_info->length(),
                                             FieldStatus(0), CHECK);
+
+  // Strict static fields track initialization status from the beginning of time.
+  // After this class runs <clinit>, they will be verified as being "not unset".
+  // See Step 8 of InstanceKlass::initialize_impl.
+  if (_has_strict_static_fields) {
+    bool found_one = false;
+    for (int i = 0; i < _temp_field_info->length(); i++) {
+      FieldInfo& fi = *_temp_field_info->adr_at(i);
+      if (fi.access_flags().is_strict() && fi.access_flags().is_static()) {
+        found_one = true;
+        if (fi.initializer_index() != 0) {
+          // skip strict static fields with ConstantValue attributes
+        } else {
+          _fields_status->adr_at(fi.index())->update_strict_static_unset(true);
+          _fields_status->adr_at(fi.index())->update_strict_static_unread(true);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    assert(found_one == _has_strict_static_fields,
+           "correct prediction = %d", (int)_has_strict_static_fields);
+  }
+}
+
+// In order to be able to optimize field layouts by applying heap flattening,
+// the JVM needs to know the layout of the class of the fields, which implies
+// having these classes loaded. The strategy has two folds:
+//  1 - if the current class has a LoadableDescriptors attribute containing the
+//      name of the class of the field and PreloadClasses is true, the JVM will
+//      try to speculatively load this class. Failures to load the class are
+//      silently discarded, and loads resulting in a non-optimizable class
+//      are ignored
+//  2 - if step 1 cannot be applied, the JVM will simply check if the class
+//      loader of the current class already knows these classes (no class
+//      loading triggered in this case). Note that the migrated value classes
+//      of the JDK are automatically registered to all class loaders, and
+//      are guaranteed to be found in this step even if the current class
+//      has not been recompiled with JEP 401 features enabled
+void ClassFileParser::fetch_field_classes(ConstantPool* cp, TRAPS) {
+  for (int i = 0; i < _temp_field_info->length(); i++) {
+    FieldInfo& fieldinfo = _temp_field_info->at(i);
+    if (fieldinfo.access_flags().is_static() && !fieldinfo.field_flags().is_null_free_inline_type()) continue;
+    Symbol* sig = fieldinfo.signature(cp);
+    if (Signature::has_envelope(sig)) {
+      TempNewSymbol name = Signature::strip_envelope(sig);
+      if (name == _class_name) {
+        if (fieldinfo.field_flags().is_null_free_inline_type() && !is_inline_type()) {
+          fieldinfo.field_flags_addr()->update_null_free_inline_type(false);
+        } else {
+          // Dummy setting to trigger the allocation of the inline_layout_info array -
+          // the real pointer will be set later in ::fill_instance_klass, once the InlineKlass has been allocated.
+          set_inline_layout_info_klass(fieldinfo.index(), nullptr, CHECK);
+        }
+        continue;
+      }
+      if (PreloadClasses && is_class_in_loadable_descriptors_attribute(sig)) {
+        ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+        log_info(class, preload)("Preloading of class %s during loading of class %s. "
+                                 "Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute",
+                                 name->as_C_string(), _class_name->as_C_string());
+        oop loader = loader_data()->class_loader();
+        InstanceKlass* klass = SystemDictionary::resolve_super_or_fail(_class_name, name,
+                                                                       Handle(THREAD, loader),
+                                                                       false, THREAD);
+
+        assert((klass == nullptr) == HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION, "Must be the same");
+
+        if (klass != nullptr) {
+          if (klass->is_inline_klass()) {
+            set_inline_layout_info_klass(fieldinfo.index(), InlineKlass::cast(klass), CHECK);
+            log_info(class, preload)("Preloading of class %s during loading of class %s "
+                                     "(cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) succeeded",
+                                     name->as_C_string(), _class_name->as_C_string());
+          } else {
+            // Non value classes are allowed by the current spec, but it could be an indication of an issue so let's log this
+            log_info(class, preload)("Preloading of class %s during loading of class %s "
+                                     "(cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) but loaded class is not a value class",
+                                     name->as_C_string(), _class_name->as_C_string());
+            if (fieldinfo.field_flags().is_null_free_inline_type()) {
+              log_warning(class, preload)("After preloading of class %s during loading of class %s "
+                                          "field was annotated with @NullRestricted but loaded class is not a value class, "
+                                          "the annotation is ignored",
+                                          name->as_C_string(), _class_name->as_C_string());
+              fieldinfo.field_flags_addr()->update_null_free_inline_type(false);
+            }
+          }
+        } else {
+          log_info(class, preload)("Preloading of class %s during loading of class %s "
+                                   "(cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) failed : %s",
+                                   name->as_C_string(), _class_name->as_C_string(),
+                                   PENDING_EXCEPTION->klass()->name()->as_C_string());
+          if (fieldinfo.field_flags().is_null_free_inline_type()) {
+            log_warning(class, preload)("After preloading of class %s during loading of class %s failed,"
+                                        "field was annotated with @NullRestricted but class is unknown, "
+                                        "the annotation is ignored",
+                                        name->as_C_string(), _class_name->as_C_string());
+            fieldinfo.field_flags_addr()->update_null_free_inline_type(false);
+          }
+
+          // Loads triggered by the LoadableDescriptors attribute are speculative, failures must not
+          // impact loading of current class.
+          CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+        }
+      } else {
+        oop loader = loader_data()->class_loader();
+        InstanceKlass* klass = SystemDictionary::find_instance_klass(THREAD, name, Handle(THREAD, loader));
+        if (klass != nullptr && klass->is_inline_klass()) {
+          set_inline_layout_info_klass(fieldinfo.index(), InlineKlass::cast(klass), CHECK);
+          ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+          log_info(class, preload)("During loading of class %s , class %s found in local system dictionary"
+                                   "(field type not in LoadableDescriptors attribute)",
+                                   _class_name->as_C_string(), name->as_C_string());
+        } else if (fieldinfo.field_flags().is_null_free_inline_type()) {
+          ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+          if (klass == nullptr) {
+            log_warning(class, preload)("During loading of class %s, class %s is unknown, "
+                                        "but a field of this type was annotated with @NullRestricted, "
+                                        "the annotation is ignored",
+                                        _class_name->as_C_string(), name->as_C_string());
+          } else {
+            log_warning(class, preload)("During loading of class %s, class %s was found in the local system dictionary "
+                                        "and is not a concrete value class, but a field of this type was annotated with "
+                                        "@NullRestricted, the annotation is ignored",
+                                        _class_name->as_C_string(), name->as_C_string());
+          }
+          fieldinfo.field_flags_addr()->update_null_free_inline_type(false);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 void ClassFileParser::set_klass(InstanceKlass* klass) {
@@ -5851,6 +6494,21 @@ void ClassFileParser::set_klass(InstanceKlass* klass) {
   _klass = klass;
 }
 
+void ClassFileParser::set_inline_layout_info_klass(int field_index, InlineKlass* ik, TRAPS) {
+  assert(field_index >= 0 && field_index < java_fields_count(), "IOOB: 0 <= %d < %d", field_index, (int)java_fields_count());
+
+  // The array of InlineLayoutInfo is allocated on demand. This way the array is
+  // never allocated for an InstanceKlass which has no need for this information.
+  if (_inline_layout_info_array == nullptr) {
+    _inline_layout_info_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<InlineLayoutInfo>(_loader_data,
+                                                                             java_fields_count(),
+                                                                             CHECK);
+  }
+
+  // Set the Klass for the field's index
+  _inline_layout_info_array->adr_at(field_index)->set_klass(ik);
+}
+
 void ClassFileParser::set_klass_to_deallocate(InstanceKlass* klass) {
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.hpp
index 48cdacedc1e..29550a25121 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -67,14 +67,48 @@ class OopMapBlocksBuilder : public ResourceObj {
   void print_value_on(outputStream* st) const;
 };
 
+struct AcmpMapSegment {
+  int _offset;
+  int _size;
+  AcmpMapSegment() = default;
+  AcmpMapSegment(int offset, int size)
+    : _offset(offset), _size(size) {}
+};
+
 // Values needed for oopmap and InstanceKlass creation
 class FieldLayoutInfo : public ResourceObj {
  public:
   OopMapBlocksBuilder* oop_map_blocks;
+  GrowableArray<AcmpMapSegment>* _nonoop_acmp_map;
+  GrowableArray<int>* _oop_acmp_map;
   int _instance_size;
   int _nonstatic_field_size;
   int _static_field_size;
-  bool  _has_nonstatic_fields;
+  int _payload_alignment;
+  int _payload_offset;
+  int _payload_size_in_bytes;
+  int _null_free_non_atomic_size_in_bytes;
+  int _null_free_non_atomic_alignment;
+  int _null_free_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes;
+  int _nullable_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes;
+  int _nullable_non_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes;
+  int _null_marker_offset;
+  int _null_reset_value_offset;
+  int _acmp_maps_offset;
+  bool _has_nonstatic_fields;
+  bool _is_naturally_atomic;
+  bool _must_be_atomic;
+  bool _has_inlined_fields;
+  bool _is_empty_inline_klass;
+  FieldLayoutInfo() : oop_map_blocks(nullptr), _nonoop_acmp_map(nullptr), _oop_acmp_map(nullptr),
+                      _instance_size(-1), _nonstatic_field_size(-1), _static_field_size(-1),
+                      _payload_alignment(-1), _payload_offset(-1), _payload_size_in_bytes(-1),
+                      _null_free_non_atomic_size_in_bytes(-1), _null_free_non_atomic_alignment(-1),
+                      _null_free_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes(-1), _nullable_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes(-1),
+                      _nullable_non_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes(-1),
+                      _null_marker_offset(-1), _null_reset_value_offset(-1), _acmp_maps_offset(-1),
+                      _has_nonstatic_fields(false), _is_naturally_atomic(false), _must_be_atomic(false),
+                      _has_inlined_fields(false), _is_empty_inline_klass(false) { }
 };
 
 // Parser for for .class files
@@ -130,6 +164,7 @@ class ClassFileParser {
   Array<u2>* _nest_members;
   u2 _nest_host;
   Array<u2>* _permitted_subclasses;
+  Array<u2>* _loadable_descriptors;
   Array<RecordComponent*>* _record_components;
   Array<InstanceKlass*>* _local_interfaces;
   Array<InstanceKlass*>* _transitive_interfaces;
@@ -142,7 +177,8 @@ class ClassFileParser {
   InstanceKlass* _klass_to_deallocate; // an InstanceKlass* to be destroyed
 
   ClassAnnotationCollector* _parsed_annotations;
-  FieldLayoutInfo* _field_info;
+  FieldLayoutInfo* _layout_info;
+  Array<InlineLayoutInfo>* _inline_layout_info_array;
   GrowableArray<FieldInfo>* _temp_field_info;
   const intArray* _method_ordering;
   GrowableArray<Method*>* _all_mirandas;
@@ -193,6 +229,10 @@ class ClassFileParser {
   bool _has_final_method;
   bool _has_contended_fields;
   bool _has_aot_runtime_setup_method;
+  bool _has_strict_static_fields;
+  bool _has_null_restricted_static_fields;
+
+  bool _must_be_atomic;
 
   // precomputed flags
   bool _has_finalizer;
@@ -206,12 +246,15 @@ class ClassFileParser {
   void post_process_parsed_stream(const ClassFileStream* const stream,
                                   ConstantPool* cp,
                                   TRAPS);
+  void fetch_field_classes(ConstantPool* cp, TRAPS);
 
   void fill_instance_klass(InstanceKlass* ik, bool cf_changed_in_CFLH,
                            const ClassInstanceInfo& cl_inst_info, TRAPS);
 
   void set_klass(InstanceKlass* instance);
 
+  void set_inline_layout_info_klass(int field_index, InlineKlass* ik, TRAPS);
+
   void set_class_bad_constant_seen(short bad_constant);
   short class_bad_constant_seen() { return  _bad_constant_seen; }
   void set_class_synthetic_flag(bool x)        { _synthetic_flag = x; }
@@ -259,7 +302,7 @@ class ClassFileParser {
                               TRAPS);
 
   void parse_fields(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
-                    bool is_interface,
+                    AccessFlags class_access_flags,
                     ConstantPool* cp,
                     const int cp_size,
                     u2* const java_fields_count_ptr,
@@ -268,6 +311,7 @@ class ClassFileParser {
   // Method parsing
   Method* parse_method(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
                        bool is_interface,
+                       bool is_identity_class,
                        const ConstantPool* cp,
                        bool* const has_localvariable_table,
                        TRAPS);
@@ -328,6 +372,10 @@ class ClassFileParser {
                                                     const u1* const permitted_subclasses_attribute_start,
                                                     TRAPS);
 
+  u2 parse_classfile_loadable_descriptors_attribute(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
+                                                    const u1* const loadable_descriptors_attribute_start,
+                                                    TRAPS);
+
   u4 parse_classfile_record_attribute(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
                                       const ConstantPool* cp,
                                       const u1* const record_attribute_start,
@@ -420,6 +468,8 @@ class ClassFileParser {
   void verify_legal_field_name(const Symbol* name, TRAPS) const;
   void verify_legal_method_name(const Symbol* name, TRAPS) const;
 
+  bool legal_field_signature(const Symbol* signature, TRAPS) const;
+
   void verify_legal_field_signature(const Symbol* fieldname,
                                     const Symbol* signature,
                                     TRAPS) const;
@@ -434,9 +484,9 @@ class ClassFileParser {
 
   void verify_legal_class_modifiers(jint flags, Symbol* inner_name,
                                     bool is_anonymous_inner_class, TRAPS) const;
-  void verify_legal_field_modifiers(jint flags, bool is_interface, TRAPS) const;
+  void verify_legal_field_modifiers(jint flags, AccessFlags class_access_flags, TRAPS) const;
   void verify_legal_method_modifiers(jint flags,
-                                     bool is_interface,
+                                     AccessFlags class_access_flags,
                                      const Symbol* name,
                                      TRAPS) const;
 
@@ -488,6 +538,12 @@ class ClassFileParser {
 
   void update_class_name(Symbol* new_name);
 
+  // Check if the class file supports inline types
+  bool supports_inline_types() const;
+
+  void create_acmp_maps(InstanceKlass* ik, TRAPS);
+  void set_fast_acmp_members(InlineKlass* vk) const;
+
  public:
   ClassFileParser(ClassFileStream* stream,
                   Symbol* name,
@@ -517,6 +573,13 @@ class ClassFileParser {
 
   bool is_hidden() const { return _is_hidden; }
   bool is_interface() const { return _access_flags.is_interface(); }
+  // Being an inline type means being a concrete value class
+  bool is_inline_type() const { return !_access_flags.is_identity_class() && !_access_flags.is_interface() && !_access_flags.is_abstract(); }
+  bool is_identity_class() const { return _access_flags.is_identity_class(); }
+  bool has_inlined_fields() const { return _layout_info->_has_inlined_fields; }
+
+  u2 java_fields_count() const { return _java_fields_count; }
+  bool is_abstract() const { return _access_flags.is_abstract(); }
 
   ClassLoaderData* loader_data() const { return _loader_data; }
   const Symbol* class_name() const { return _class_name; }
@@ -530,6 +593,8 @@ class ClassFileParser {
 
   bool is_internal() const { return INTERNAL == _pub_level; }
 
+  bool is_class_in_loadable_descriptors_attribute(Symbol *klass);
+
   static bool verify_unqualified_name(const char* name, unsigned int length, int type);
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoader.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoader.cpp
index 221875e29d0..a84a7b4fb07 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoader.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoader.cpp
@@ -698,6 +698,16 @@ static const char* get_exploded_module_path(const char* module_name, bool c_heap
   return path;
 }
 
+// Gets a preview path for a given class path as a resource.
+static const char* get_preview_path(const char* path) {
+  const char file_sep = os::file_separator()[0];
+  // 18 represents the length of "META-INF" (8) + "preview" (7) + 2 file separators + \0
+  size_t len = strlen(path) + 18;
+  char* preview_path = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, len);
+  jio_snprintf(preview_path, len, "%s%cMETA-INF%cpreview", path, file_sep, file_sep);
+  return preview_path;
+}
+
 // During an exploded modules build, each module defined to the boot loader
 // will be added to the ClassLoader::_exploded_entries array.
 void ClassLoader::add_to_exploded_build_list(JavaThread* current, Symbol* module_sym) {
@@ -713,19 +723,32 @@ void ClassLoader::add_to_exploded_build_list(JavaThread* current, Symbol* module
   if (os::stat(path, &st) == 0) {
     // Directory found
     ClassPathEntry* new_entry = create_class_path_entry(current, path, &st);
-
     // If the path specification is valid, enter it into this module's list.
     // There is no need to check for duplicate modules in the exploded entry list,
     // since no two modules with the same name can be defined to the boot loader.
     // This is checked at module definition time in Modules::define_module.
     if (new_entry != nullptr) {
       ModuleClassPathList* module_cpl = new ModuleClassPathList(module_sym);
+      log_info(class, load)("path: %s", path);
+
+      // If we are in preview mode, attempt to add a preview entry *before* the
+      // new class path entry if a preview path exists.
+      if (is_preview_enabled()) {
+        const char* preview_path = get_preview_path(path);
+        if (os::stat(preview_path, &st) == 0) {
+          ClassPathEntry* preview_entry = create_class_path_entry(current, preview_path, &st);
+          if (preview_entry != nullptr) {
+            module_cpl->add_to_list(preview_entry);
+            log_info(class, load)("preview path: %s", preview_path);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
       module_cpl->add_to_list(new_entry);
       {
         MutexLocker ml(current, Module_lock);
         _exploded_entries->push(module_cpl);
       }
-      log_info(class, load)("path: %s", path);
     }
   }
 }
@@ -964,7 +987,7 @@ oop ClassLoader::get_system_package(const char* name, TRAPS) {
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-objArrayOop ClassLoader::get_system_packages(TRAPS) {
+refArrayOop ClassLoader::get_system_packages(TRAPS) {
   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
   // List of pointers to PackageEntrys that have loaded classes.
   PackageEntryTable* pe_table =
@@ -972,9 +995,10 @@ objArrayOop ClassLoader::get_system_packages(TRAPS) {
   GrowableArray<PackageEntry*>* loaded_class_pkgs = pe_table->get_system_packages();
 
   // Allocate objArray and fill with java.lang.String
-  objArrayOop r = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::String_klass(),
-                                           loaded_class_pkgs->length(), CHECK_NULL);
-  objArrayHandle result(THREAD, r);
+  refArrayOop r = oopFactory::new_refArray(vmClasses::String_klass(),
+                                           loaded_class_pkgs->length(),
+                                           CHECK_NULL);
+  refArrayHandle result(THREAD, r);
   for (int x = 0; x < loaded_class_pkgs->length(); x++) {
     PackageEntry* package_entry = loaded_class_pkgs->at(x);
     Handle str = java_lang_String::create_from_symbol(package_entry->name(), CHECK_NULL);
@@ -1091,6 +1115,7 @@ InstanceKlass* ClassLoader::load_class(Symbol* name, PackageEntry* pkg_entry, bo
   ClassFileStream* stream = nullptr;
   s2 classpath_index = 0;
   ClassPathEntry* e = nullptr;
+  bool is_patched = false;
 
   // If search_append_only is true, boot loader visibility boundaries are
   // set to be _first_append_entry to the end. This includes:
@@ -1110,8 +1135,22 @@ InstanceKlass* ClassLoader::load_class(Symbol* name, PackageEntry* pkg_entry, bo
   // Note: The --patch-module entries are never searched if the boot loader's
   //       visibility boundary is limited to only searching the append entries.
   if (_patch_mod_entries != nullptr && !search_append_only) {
-    assert(!CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive(), "CDS doesn't support --patch-module during dumping");
-    stream = search_module_entries(THREAD, _patch_mod_entries, pkg_entry, file_name);
+    // At CDS dump time, the --patch-module entries are ignored. That means a
+    // class is still loaded from the runtime image even if it might
+    // appear in the _patch_mod_entries. The runtime shared class visibility
+    // check will determine if a shared class is visible based on the runtime
+    // environment, including the runtime --patch-module setting.
+    if (!Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+      // Dynamic dumping requires UseSharedSpaces to be enabled. Since --patch-module
+      // is not supported with UseSharedSpaces, we can never come here during dynamic dumping.
+      assert(!CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive(), "CDS doesn't support --patch-module during dumping");
+    }
+    if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled() || !CDSConfig::is_dumping_static_archive()) {
+      stream = search_module_entries(THREAD, _patch_mod_entries, pkg_entry, file_name);
+      if (stream != nullptr) {
+        is_patched = true;
+      }
+    }
   }
 
   // Load Attempt #2: [jimage | exploded build]
@@ -1160,6 +1199,9 @@ InstanceKlass* ClassLoader::load_class(Symbol* name, PackageEntry* pkg_entry, bo
                                                            cl_info,
                                                            CHECK_NULL);
   result->set_classpath_index(classpath_index);
+  if (is_patched) {
+    result->set_shared_classpath_index(0);
+  }
   return result;
 }
 
@@ -1236,6 +1278,10 @@ void ClassLoader::record_result(JavaThread* current, InstanceKlass* ik,
     return;
   }
 
+  if (ik->shared_classpath_index() == 0 && ik->defined_by_boot_loader()) {
+    return;
+  }
+
   oop loader = ik->class_loader();
   char* src = (char*)stream->source();
   if (src == nullptr) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoader.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoader.hpp
index b750a2daf68..2bdfdc0b39d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoader.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoader.hpp
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ class ClassLoader: AllStatic {
   // loaded system packages.
   // Note: The package names returned are "/"-separated and end with a
   // trailing "/".
-  static objArrayOop get_system_packages(TRAPS);
+  static refArrayOop get_system_packages(TRAPS);
 
   // Initialization
   static void initialize(TRAPS);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderData.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderData.cpp
index 95e1ef3b877..b773569ad7b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderData.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderData.cpp
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "oops/access.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/jmethodIDTable.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
@@ -428,6 +429,16 @@ void ClassLoaderData::classes_do(void f(InstanceKlass*)) {
   }
 }
 
+void ClassLoaderData::inline_classes_do(void f(InlineKlass*)) {
+  // Lock-free access requires load_acquire
+  for (Klass* k = AtomicAccess::load_acquire(&_klasses); k != nullptr; k = k->next_link()) {
+    if (k->is_inline_klass()) {
+      f(InlineKlass::cast(k));
+    }
+    assert(k != k->next_link(), "no loops!");
+  }
+}
+
 void ClassLoaderData::modules_do(void f(ModuleEntry*)) {
   assert_locked_or_safepoint(Module_lock);
   if (_unnamed_module != nullptr) {
@@ -606,6 +617,8 @@ void ClassLoaderData::unload() {
   // if they are not already on the _klasses list.
   free_deallocate_list_C_heap_structures();
 
+  inline_classes_do(InlineKlass::cleanup);
+
   // Clean up class dependencies and tell serviceability tools
   // these classes are unloading.  This must be called
   // after erroneous classes are released.
@@ -886,7 +899,11 @@ void ClassLoaderData::free_deallocate_list() {
         HeapShared::remove_scratch_resolved_references((ConstantPool*)m);
         MetadataFactory::free_metadata(this, (ConstantPool*)m);
       } else if (m->is_klass()) {
-        MetadataFactory::free_metadata(this, (InstanceKlass*)m);
+        if (!((Klass*)m)->is_inline_klass()) {
+          MetadataFactory::free_metadata(this, (InstanceKlass*)m);
+        } else {
+          MetadataFactory::free_metadata(this, (InlineKlass*)m);
+        }
       } else {
         ShouldNotReachHere();
       }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderData.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderData.hpp
index 3a0a05126af..1b2468b6a93 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderData.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderData.hpp
@@ -210,6 +210,7 @@ class ClassLoaderData : public CHeapObj<mtClass> {
 
   void loaded_classes_do(KlassClosure* klass_closure);
   void classes_do(void f(InstanceKlass*));
+  void inline_classes_do(void f(InlineKlass*));
   void methods_do(void f(Method*));
   void modules_do(void f(ModuleEntry*));
   void packages_do(void f(PackageEntry*));
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.hpp
index 19552706b17..e20cfc5d8a0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.hpp
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ class ClassLoaderDataGraph : public AllStatic {
   static ClassLoaderData* add_to_graph(Handle class_loader, bool has_class_mirror_holder);
 
  public:
-  static ClassLoaderData* find_or_create(Handle class_loader);
+  static ClassLoaderData* find_or_create(Handle class_loader, bool& created);
   static ClassLoaderData* add(Handle class_loader, bool has_class_mirror_holder);
   static void clean_module_and_package_info();
   static void purge(bool at_safepoint);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.inline.hpp
index 767db20a8f0..4e592c8e627 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.inline.hpp
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 #include "runtime/atomicAccess.hpp"
 #include "runtime/orderAccess.hpp"
 
-inline ClassLoaderData *ClassLoaderDataGraph::find_or_create(Handle loader) {
+inline ClassLoaderData *ClassLoaderDataGraph::find_or_create(Handle loader, bool& created) {
   guarantee(loader() != nullptr && oopDesc::is_oop(loader()), "Loader must be oop");
   // Gets the class loader data out of the java/lang/ClassLoader object, if non-null
   // it's already in the loader_data, so no need to add
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ inline ClassLoaderData *ClassLoaderDataGraph::find_or_create(Handle loader) {
   if (loader_data) {
      return loader_data;
   }
+  created = true;
   return ClassLoaderDataGraph::add(loader, false);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderStats.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderStats.cpp
index d74e8c1deba..5ef7a3c7a42 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderStats.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderStats.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -32,6 +32,13 @@
 
 
 class ClassStatsClosure : public KlassClosure {
+  // Some klasses should not be reported by ClassStatistics
+  bool exclude_klass(Klass* k) const {
+    // Direct instances of ObjArrayKlass represent the Java types that Java code can see.
+    // RefArrayKlass/FlatArrayKlass describe different implementations of the arrays, filter them out.
+    return k->is_objArray_klass() && k->kind() != Klass::KlassKind::ObjArrayKlassKind;
+  }
+
 public:
   int _num_classes;
 
@@ -40,8 +47,11 @@ class ClassStatsClosure : public KlassClosure {
   }
 
   virtual void do_klass(Klass* k) {
-    _num_classes++;
+    if (!exclude_klass(k)) {
+      _num_classes++;
+    }
   }
+
 };
 
 void ClassLoaderStatsClosure::do_cld(ClassLoaderData* cld) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classPrinter.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classPrinter.cpp
index 6cf89f7357f..27f3a375fc7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classPrinter.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classPrinter.cpp
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ class ClassPrinter::KlassPrintClosure : public LockedClassesDo {
     }
 
     if (has_mode(_flags, ClassPrinter::PRINT_CLASS_DETAILS)) {
-      _st->print("InstanceKlass: ");
+      _st->print("InstanceKlass (kind=%d): ", ik->kind());
       ik->print_on(_st);
       oop mirror = ik->java_mirror();
       if (mirror != nullptr) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/fieldLayoutBuilder.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/fieldLayoutBuilder.cpp
index adf4e1e63fa..4a3ec7b680f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/fieldLayoutBuilder.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/fieldLayoutBuilder.cpp
@@ -24,41 +24,154 @@
 
 #include "classfile/classFileParser.hpp"
 #include "classfile/fieldLayoutBuilder.hpp"
+#include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
+#include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
 #include "jvm.h"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "oops/array.hpp"
 #include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
+#include "utilities/align.hpp"
+#include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
 
+static LayoutKind field_layout_selection(FieldInfo field_info, Array<InlineLayoutInfo>* inline_layout_info_array,
+                                         bool can_use_atomic_flat) {
+
+  // The can_use_atomic_flat argument indicates if an atomic flat layout can be used for this field.
+  // This argument will be false if the container is a loosely consistent value class. Using an atomic layout
+  // in a container that has no atomicity guarantee creates a risk to see this field's value be subject to
+  // tearing even if the field's class was declared atomic (non loosely consistent).
+
+  if (!UseFieldFlattening) {
+    return LayoutKind::REFERENCE;
+  }
+
+  if (field_info.field_flags().is_injected()) {
+    // don't flatten injected fields
+    return LayoutKind::REFERENCE;
+  }
+
+  if (field_info.access_flags().is_volatile()) {
+    // volatile is used as a keyword to prevent flattening
+    return LayoutKind::REFERENCE;
+  }
+
+  if (field_info.access_flags().is_static()) {
+    // don't flatten static fields
+    return LayoutKind::REFERENCE;
+  }
+
+  if (inline_layout_info_array == nullptr || inline_layout_info_array->adr_at(field_info.index())->klass() == nullptr) {
+    // field's type is not a known value class, using a reference
+    return LayoutKind::REFERENCE;
+  }
+
+  InlineLayoutInfo* inline_field_info = inline_layout_info_array->adr_at(field_info.index());
+  InlineKlass* vk = inline_field_info->klass();
+
+  if (field_info.field_flags().is_null_free_inline_type()) {
+    assert(field_info.access_flags().is_strict(), "null-free fields must be strict");
+    if (vk->must_be_atomic()) {
+      if (vk->is_naturally_atomic(true /* null-free */) && vk->has_null_free_non_atomic_layout()) {
+        return LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT;
+      }
+      return (vk->has_null_free_atomic_layout() && can_use_atomic_flat) ? LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT : LayoutKind::REFERENCE;
+    } else {
+      return vk->has_null_free_non_atomic_layout() ? LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT : LayoutKind::REFERENCE;
+    }
+  } else {
+    // To preserve the consistency between the null-marker and the field content, the NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT
+    // can only be used in containers that have atomicity guarantees (can_use_atomic_flat argument set to true)
+    if (field_info.access_flags().is_strict() && field_info.access_flags().is_final() && can_use_atomic_flat) {
+      if (vk->has_nullable_non_atomic_layout()) {
+        return LayoutKind::NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT;
+      }
+    }
+    // Another special case where NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT can be used: nullable empty values, because the
+    // payload of those values contains only the null-marker
+    if (vk->is_empty_inline_type() && vk->has_nullable_non_atomic_layout()) {
+      return LayoutKind::NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT;
+    }
+    if (UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening && vk->has_nullable_atomic_layout()) {
+      return can_use_atomic_flat ? LayoutKind::NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT : LayoutKind::REFERENCE;
+    } else {
+      return LayoutKind::REFERENCE;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+static LayoutKind adjust_with_budget(FieldInfo field_info, Array<InlineLayoutInfo>* inline_layout_info_array,
+                                     LayoutKind lk, int& budget) {
+  if (lk == LayoutKind::REFERENCE) return lk;
+  assert(LayoutKindHelper::is_flat((lk)), "Must be");
+  InlineLayoutInfo* inline_field_info = inline_layout_info_array->adr_at(field_info.index());
+  InlineKlass* vk = inline_field_info->klass();
+  int size = vk->layout_size_in_bytes(lk);
+  if (size > budget) {
+    return LayoutKind::REFERENCE;
+  } else {
+    budget -= size;
+    return lk;
+  }
+}
+
+static bool field_is_inlineable(FieldInfo fieldinfo, LayoutKind lk, Array<InlineLayoutInfo>* ili) {
+  if (fieldinfo.field_flags().is_null_free_inline_type()) {
+    // A null-free inline type is always inlineable
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  if (lk != LayoutKind::REFERENCE) {
+    assert(lk != LayoutKind::BUFFERED, "Sanity check");
+    assert(lk != LayoutKind::UNKNOWN, "Sanity check");
+    // We've chosen a layout that isn't a normal reference
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  const int field_index = (int)fieldinfo.index();
+  if (!fieldinfo.field_flags().is_injected() &&
+      ili != nullptr &&
+      ili->adr_at(field_index)->klass() != nullptr &&
+      !ili->adr_at(field_index)->klass()->is_identity_class() &&
+      !ili->adr_at(field_index)->klass()->is_abstract()) {
+    // The field's klass is not an identity class or abstract
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
 
 LayoutRawBlock::LayoutRawBlock(Kind kind, int size) :
   _next_block(nullptr),
   _prev_block(nullptr),
+  _inline_klass(nullptr),
   _block_kind(kind),
+  _layout_kind(LayoutKind::UNKNOWN),
   _offset(-1),
   _alignment(1),
   _size(size),
-  _field_index(-1),
-  _is_reference(false) {
-  assert(kind == EMPTY || kind == RESERVED || kind == PADDING || kind == INHERITED,
+  _field_index(-1) {
+  assert(kind == EMPTY || kind == RESERVED || kind == PADDING || kind == INHERITED || kind == NULL_MARKER,
          "Otherwise, should use the constructor with a field index argument");
   assert(size > 0, "Sanity check");
 }
 
 
-LayoutRawBlock::LayoutRawBlock(int index, Kind kind, int size, int alignment, bool is_reference) :
- _next_block(nullptr),
- _prev_block(nullptr),
- _block_kind(kind),
+LayoutRawBlock::LayoutRawBlock(int index, Kind kind, int size, int alignment) :
+  _next_block(nullptr),
+  _prev_block(nullptr),
+  _inline_klass(nullptr),
+  _block_kind(kind),
+  _layout_kind(LayoutKind::UNKNOWN),
  _offset(-1),
  _alignment(alignment),
  _size(size),
- _field_index(index),
- _is_reference(is_reference) {
-  assert(kind == REGULAR || kind == FLATTENED || kind == INHERITED,
+ _field_index(index) {
+  assert(kind == REGULAR || kind == FLAT || kind == INHERITED,
          "Other kind do not have a field index");
   assert(size > 0, "Sanity check");
   assert(alignment > 0, "Sanity check");
@@ -74,42 +187,82 @@ bool LayoutRawBlock::fit(int size, int alignment) {
 
 FieldGroup::FieldGroup(int contended_group) :
   _next(nullptr),
-  _primitive_fields(nullptr),
+  _small_primitive_fields(nullptr),
+  _big_primitive_fields(nullptr),
   _oop_fields(nullptr),
-  _contended_group(contended_group),  // -1 means no contended group, 0 means default contended group
-  _oop_count(0) {}
+  _contended_group(contended_group) {} // -1 means no contended group, 0 means default contended group
 
 void FieldGroup::add_primitive_field(int idx, BasicType type) {
   int size = type2aelembytes(type);
-  LayoutRawBlock* block = new LayoutRawBlock(idx, LayoutRawBlock::REGULAR, size, size /* alignment == size for primitive types */, false);
-  if (_primitive_fields == nullptr) {
-    _primitive_fields = new GrowableArray<LayoutRawBlock*>(INITIAL_LIST_SIZE);
+  LayoutRawBlock* block = new LayoutRawBlock(idx, LayoutRawBlock::REGULAR, size, size /* alignment == size for primitive types */);
+  if (size >= heapOopSize) {
+    add_to_big_primitive_list(block);
+  } else {
+    add_to_small_primitive_list(block);
   }
-  _primitive_fields->append(block);
 }
 
 void FieldGroup::add_oop_field(int idx) {
   int size = type2aelembytes(T_OBJECT);
-  LayoutRawBlock* block = new LayoutRawBlock(idx, LayoutRawBlock::REGULAR, size, size /* alignment == size for oops */, true);
+  LayoutRawBlock* block = new LayoutRawBlock(idx, LayoutRawBlock::REGULAR, size, size /* alignment == size for oops */);
   if (_oop_fields == nullptr) {
     _oop_fields = new GrowableArray<LayoutRawBlock*>(INITIAL_LIST_SIZE);
   }
   _oop_fields->append(block);
-  _oop_count++;
+}
+
+void FieldGroup::add_flat_field(int idx, InlineKlass* vk, LayoutKind lk) {
+  const int size = vk->layout_size_in_bytes(lk);
+  const int alignment = vk->layout_alignment(lk);
+
+  LayoutRawBlock* block = new LayoutRawBlock(idx, LayoutRawBlock::FLAT, size, alignment);
+  block->set_inline_klass(vk);
+  block->set_layout_kind(lk);
+  if (block->size() >= heapOopSize) {
+    add_to_big_primitive_list(block);
+  } else {
+    assert(!vk->contains_oops(), "Size of Inline klass with oops should be >= heapOopSize");
+    add_to_small_primitive_list(block);
+  }
 }
 
 void FieldGroup::sort_by_size() {
-  if (_primitive_fields != nullptr) {
-    _primitive_fields->sort(LayoutRawBlock::compare_size_inverted);
+  if (_small_primitive_fields != nullptr) {
+    _small_primitive_fields->sort(LayoutRawBlock::compare_size_inverted);
+  }
+  if (_big_primitive_fields != nullptr) {
+    _big_primitive_fields->sort(LayoutRawBlock::compare_size_inverted);
+  }
+}
+
+void FieldGroup::add_to_small_primitive_list(LayoutRawBlock* block) {
+  if (_small_primitive_fields == nullptr) {
+    _small_primitive_fields = new GrowableArray<LayoutRawBlock*>(INITIAL_LIST_SIZE);
+  }
+  _small_primitive_fields->append(block);
+}
+
+void FieldGroup::add_to_big_primitive_list(LayoutRawBlock* block) {
+  if (_big_primitive_fields == nullptr) {
+    _big_primitive_fields = new GrowableArray<LayoutRawBlock*>(INITIAL_LIST_SIZE);
   }
+  _big_primitive_fields->append(block);
 }
 
-FieldLayout::FieldLayout(GrowableArray<FieldInfo>* field_info, ConstantPool* cp) :
+FieldLayout::FieldLayout(GrowableArray<FieldInfo>* field_info, Array<InlineLayoutInfo>* inline_layout_info_array, ConstantPool* cp) :
   _field_info(field_info),
+  _inline_layout_info_array(inline_layout_info_array),
   _cp(cp),
   _blocks(nullptr),
   _start(_blocks),
-  _last(_blocks) {}
+  _last(_blocks),
+  _super_first_field_offset(-1),
+  _super_alignment(-1),
+  _super_min_align_required(-1),
+  _null_reset_value_offset(-1),
+  _acmp_maps_offset(-1),
+  _super_has_nonstatic_fields(false),
+  _has_inherited_fields(false) {}
 
 void FieldLayout::initialize_static_layout() {
   _blocks = new LayoutRawBlock(LayoutRawBlock::EMPTY, INT_MAX);
@@ -135,10 +288,9 @@ void FieldLayout::initialize_instance_layout(const InstanceKlass* super_klass, b
     _start = _blocks;
     insert(first_empty_block(), new LayoutRawBlock(LayoutRawBlock::RESERVED, instanceOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes()));
   } else {
-    bool super_has_instance_fields = false;
-    reconstruct_layout(super_klass, super_has_instance_fields, super_ends_with_oop);
+    reconstruct_layout(super_klass, _super_has_nonstatic_fields, super_ends_with_oop);
     fill_holes(super_klass);
-    if (!super_klass->has_contended_annotations() || !super_has_instance_fields) {
+    if ((!super_klass->has_contended_annotations()) || !_super_has_nonstatic_fields) {
       _start = _blocks;  // start allocating fields from the first empty block
     } else {
       _start = _last;    // append fields at the end of the reconstructed layout
@@ -147,17 +299,19 @@ void FieldLayout::initialize_instance_layout(const InstanceKlass* super_klass, b
 }
 
 LayoutRawBlock* FieldLayout::first_field_block() {
-  LayoutRawBlock* block = _start;
-  while (block->block_kind() != LayoutRawBlock::INHERITED && block->block_kind() != LayoutRawBlock::REGULAR
-      && block->block_kind() != LayoutRawBlock::FLATTENED && block->block_kind() != LayoutRawBlock::PADDING) {
+  LayoutRawBlock* block = _blocks;
+  while (block != nullptr
+         && block->block_kind() != LayoutRawBlock::INHERITED
+         && block->block_kind() != LayoutRawBlock::REGULAR
+         && block->block_kind() != LayoutRawBlock::FLAT
+         && block->block_kind() != LayoutRawBlock::NULL_MARKER) {
     block = block->next_block();
   }
   return block;
 }
 
-
-// Insert a set of fields into a layout using a best-fit strategy.
-// For each field, search for the smallest empty slot able to fit the field
+// Insert a set of fields into a layout.
+// For each field, search for an empty slot able to fit the field
 // (satisfying both size and alignment requirements), if none is found,
 // add the field at the end of the layout.
 // Fields cannot be inserted before the block specified in the "start" argument
@@ -171,7 +325,6 @@ void FieldLayout::add(GrowableArray<LayoutRawBlock*>* list, LayoutRawBlock* star
     LayoutRawBlock* b = list->at(i);
     LayoutRawBlock* cursor = nullptr;
     LayoutRawBlock* candidate = nullptr;
-
     // if start is the last block, just append the field
     if (start == last_block()) {
       candidate = last_block();
@@ -189,6 +342,8 @@ void FieldLayout::add(GrowableArray<LayoutRawBlock*>* list, LayoutRawBlock* star
       cursor = last_block()->prev_block();
       assert(cursor != nullptr, "Sanity check");
       last_search_success = true;
+
+      assert(start->block_kind() != LayoutRawBlock::EMPTY, "");
       while (cursor != start) {
         if (cursor->block_kind() == LayoutRawBlock::EMPTY && cursor->fit(b->size(), b->alignment())) {
           if (candidate == nullptr || cursor->size() < candidate->size()) {
@@ -205,7 +360,6 @@ void FieldLayout::add(GrowableArray<LayoutRawBlock*>* list, LayoutRawBlock* star
       assert(candidate->block_kind() == LayoutRawBlock::EMPTY, "Candidate must be an empty block");
       assert(candidate->fit(b->size(), b->alignment()), "Candidate must be able to store the block");
     }
-
     insert_field_block(candidate, b);
   }
 }
@@ -222,7 +376,7 @@ void FieldLayout::add_field_at_offset(LayoutRawBlock* block, int offset, LayoutR
     if ((slot->offset() <= block->offset() && (slot->offset() + slot->size()) > block->offset()) ||
         slot == _last){
       assert(slot->block_kind() == LayoutRawBlock::EMPTY, "Matching slot must be an empty slot");
-      assert(slot->size() >= block->offset() + block->size() ,"Matching slot must be big enough");
+      assert(slot->size() >= block->offset() - slot->offset() + block->size() ,"Matching slot must be big enough");
       if (slot->offset() < block->offset()) {
         int adjustment = block->offset() - slot->offset();
         LayoutRawBlock* adj = new LayoutRawBlock(LayoutRawBlock::EMPTY, adjustment);
@@ -232,7 +386,9 @@ void FieldLayout::add_field_at_offset(LayoutRawBlock* block, int offset, LayoutR
       if (slot->size() == 0) {
         remove(slot);
       }
-      _field_info->adr_at(block->field_index())->set_offset(block->offset());
+      if (block->block_kind() == LayoutRawBlock::REGULAR || block->block_kind() == LayoutRawBlock::FLAT) {
+        _field_info->adr_at(block->field_index())->set_offset(block->offset());
+      }
       return;
     }
     slot = slot->next_block();
@@ -287,16 +443,35 @@ LayoutRawBlock* FieldLayout::insert_field_block(LayoutRawBlock* slot, LayoutRawB
     LayoutRawBlock* adj = new LayoutRawBlock(LayoutRawBlock::EMPTY, adjustment);
     insert(slot, adj);
   }
+  assert(slot->size() >= block->size(), "Enough space must remain after adjustment");
   insert(slot, block);
   if (slot->size() == 0) {
     remove(slot);
   }
-  _field_info->adr_at(block->field_index())->set_offset(block->offset());
+  // NULL_MARKER blocks are not real fields, so they don't have an entry in the FieldInfo array
+  if (block->block_kind() != LayoutRawBlock::NULL_MARKER) {
+    _field_info->adr_at(block->field_index())->set_offset(block->offset());
+    if (_field_info->adr_at(block->field_index())->name(_cp) == vmSymbols::null_reset_value_name()) {
+      _null_reset_value_offset = block->offset();
+    }
+    if (_field_info->adr_at(block->field_index())->name(_cp) == vmSymbols::acmp_maps_name()) {
+      _acmp_maps_offset = block->offset();
+    }
+  }
+  if (LayoutKindHelper::is_nullable_flat(block->layout_kind())) {
+    int nm_offset = block->inline_klass()->null_marker_offset() - block->inline_klass()->payload_offset() + block->offset();
+    _field_info->adr_at(block->field_index())->set_null_marker_offset(nm_offset);
+    _inline_layout_info_array->adr_at(block->field_index())->set_null_marker_offset(nm_offset);
+  }
+
   return block;
 }
 
-void FieldLayout::reconstruct_layout(const InstanceKlass* ik, bool& has_instance_fields, bool& ends_with_oop) {
-  has_instance_fields = ends_with_oop = false;
+void FieldLayout::reconstruct_layout(const InstanceKlass* ik, bool& has_nonstatic_fields, bool& ends_with_oop) {
+  has_nonstatic_fields = ends_with_oop = false;
+  if (ik->is_abstract() && !ik->is_identity_class()) {
+    _super_alignment = type2aelembytes(BasicType::T_LONG);
+  }
   GrowableArray<LayoutRawBlock*>* all_fields = new GrowableArray<LayoutRawBlock*>(32);
   BasicType last_type;
   int last_offset = -1;
@@ -305,14 +480,32 @@ void FieldLayout::reconstruct_layout(const InstanceKlass* ik, bool& has_instance
       BasicType type = Signature::basic_type(fs.signature());
       // distinction between static and non-static fields is missing
       if (fs.access_flags().is_static()) continue;
-      has_instance_fields = true;
+      has_nonstatic_fields = true;
+      _has_inherited_fields = true;
+      if (_super_first_field_offset == -1 || fs.offset() < _super_first_field_offset) {
+        _super_first_field_offset = fs.offset();
+      }
+      LayoutRawBlock* block;
+      if (fs.is_flat()) {
+        InlineLayoutInfo layout_info = ik->inline_layout_info(fs.index());
+        InlineKlass* vk = layout_info.klass();
+        block = new LayoutRawBlock(fs.index(), LayoutRawBlock::INHERITED,
+                                   vk->layout_size_in_bytes(layout_info.kind()),
+                                   vk->layout_alignment(layout_info.kind()));
+        assert(_super_alignment == -1 || _super_alignment >=  vk->payload_alignment(), "Invalid value alignment");
+        _super_min_align_required = _super_min_align_required > vk->payload_alignment() ? _super_min_align_required : vk->payload_alignment();
+      } else {
+        int size = type2aelembytes(type);
+        // INHERITED blocks are marked as non-reference because oop_maps are handled by their holder class
+        block = new LayoutRawBlock(fs.index(), LayoutRawBlock::INHERITED, size, size);
+        // For primitive types, the alignment is equal to the size
+        assert(_super_alignment == -1 || _super_alignment >=  size, "Invalid value alignment");
+        _super_min_align_required = _super_min_align_required > size ? _super_min_align_required : size;
+      }
       if (fs.offset() > last_offset) {
         last_offset = fs.offset();
         last_type = type;
       }
-      int size = type2aelembytes(type);
-      // INHERITED blocks are marked as non-reference because oop_maps are handled by their holder class
-      LayoutRawBlock* block = new LayoutRawBlock(fs.index(), LayoutRawBlock::INHERITED, size, size, false);
       block->set_offset(fs.offset());
       all_fields->append(block);
     }
@@ -328,7 +521,6 @@ void FieldLayout::reconstruct_layout(const InstanceKlass* ik, bool& has_instance
   _blocks = new LayoutRawBlock(LayoutRawBlock::RESERVED, instanceOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes());
   _blocks->set_offset(0);
   _last = _blocks;
-
   for(int i = 0; i < all_fields->length(); i++) {
     LayoutRawBlock* b = all_fields->at(i);
     _last->set_next_block(b);
@@ -352,6 +544,8 @@ void FieldLayout::fill_holes(const InstanceKlass* super_klass) {
   while (b->next_block() != nullptr) {
     if (b->next_block()->offset() > (b->offset() + b->size())) {
       int size = b->next_block()->offset() - (b->offset() + b->size());
+      // FIXME it would be better if initial empty blocks were tagged as PADDING for value classes
+      // Tracked by JDK-8383383
       LayoutRawBlock* empty = new LayoutRawBlock(filling_type, size);
       empty->set_offset(b->offset() + b->size());
       empty->set_next_block(b->next_block());
@@ -363,7 +557,6 @@ void FieldLayout::fill_holes(const InstanceKlass* super_klass) {
   }
   assert(b->next_block() == nullptr, "Invariant at this point");
   assert(b->block_kind() != LayoutRawBlock::EMPTY, "Sanity check");
-
   // If the super class has @Contended annotation, a padding block is
   // inserted at the end to ensure that fields from the subclasses won't share
   // the cache line of the last field of the contended class
@@ -400,6 +593,9 @@ LayoutRawBlock* FieldLayout::insert(LayoutRawBlock* slot, LayoutRawBlock* block)
   if (_blocks == slot) {
     _blocks = block;
   }
+  if (_start == slot) {
+    _start = block;
+  }
   return block;
 }
 
@@ -421,38 +617,112 @@ void FieldLayout::remove(LayoutRawBlock* block) {
   }
 }
 
-void FieldLayout::print(outputStream* output, bool is_static, const InstanceKlass* super) {
+void FieldLayout::shift_fields(int shift) {
+  LayoutRawBlock* b = first_field_block();
+  assert(b != nullptr, "shift_fields must not be called if layout has no fields");
+  LayoutRawBlock* previous = b->prev_block();
+  if (previous->block_kind() == LayoutRawBlock::EMPTY) {
+    previous->set_size(previous->size() + shift);
+  } else {
+    LayoutRawBlock* nb = new LayoutRawBlock(LayoutRawBlock::PADDING, shift);
+    nb->set_offset(b->offset());
+    previous->set_next_block(nb);
+    nb->set_prev_block(previous);
+    b->set_prev_block(nb);
+    nb->set_next_block(b);
+  }
+  while (b != nullptr) {
+    b->set_offset(b->offset() + shift);
+    if (b->block_kind() == LayoutRawBlock::REGULAR || b->block_kind() == LayoutRawBlock::FLAT) {
+      _field_info->adr_at(b->field_index())->set_offset(b->offset());
+      if (LayoutKindHelper::is_nullable_flat(b->layout_kind())) {
+        int new_nm_offset = _field_info->adr_at(b->field_index())->null_marker_offset() + shift;
+        _field_info->adr_at(b->field_index())->set_null_marker_offset(new_nm_offset);
+        _inline_layout_info_array->adr_at(b->field_index())->set_null_marker_offset(new_nm_offset);
+      }
+    }
+    assert(b->block_kind() == LayoutRawBlock::EMPTY || b->offset() % b->alignment() == 0, "Must still be correctly aligned");
+    b = b->next_block();
+  }
+}
+
+LayoutRawBlock* FieldLayout::find_null_marker() {
+  LayoutRawBlock* b = _blocks;
+  while (b != nullptr) {
+    if (b->block_kind() == LayoutRawBlock::NULL_MARKER) {
+      return b;
+    }
+    b = b->next_block();
+  }
+  ShouldNotReachHere();
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+void FieldLayout::remove_null_marker() {
+  LayoutRawBlock* b = first_field_block();
+  while (b != nullptr) {
+    if (b->block_kind() == LayoutRawBlock::NULL_MARKER) {
+      if (b->next_block()->block_kind() == LayoutRawBlock::EMPTY) {
+        LayoutRawBlock* n = b->next_block();
+        remove(b);
+        n->set_offset(b->offset());
+        n->set_size(n->size() + b->size());
+      } else {
+        b->set_block_kind(LayoutRawBlock::EMPTY);
+      }
+      return;
+    }
+    b = b->next_block();
+  }
+  ShouldNotReachHere(); // if we reach this point, the null marker was not found!
+}
+
+void FieldLayout::print(outputStream* output, bool is_static, const InstanceKlass* super, Array<InlineLayoutInfo>* inline_fields, bool dummy_field_is_reused_as_null_marker) {
   ResourceMark rm;
   LayoutRawBlock* b = _blocks;
   while(b != _last) {
     switch(b->block_kind()) {
       case LayoutRawBlock::REGULAR: {
         FieldInfo* fi = _field_info->adr_at(b->field_index());
-        output->print_cr(" @%d \"%s\" %s %d/%d %s",
-                         b->offset(),
-                         fi->name(_cp)->as_C_string(),
-                         fi->signature(_cp)->as_C_string(),
-                         b->size(),
-                         b->alignment(),
-                         "REGULAR");
+        output->print(" @%d %s %d/%d \"%s\" %s",
+                      b->offset(),
+                      "REGULAR",
+                      b->size(),
+                      b->alignment(),
+                      fi->name(_cp)->as_C_string(),
+                      fi->signature(_cp)->as_C_string());
+
+        if (dummy_field_is_reused_as_null_marker) {
+          const bool is_dummy_field = fi->name(_cp)->fast_compare(vmSymbols::symbol_at(VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(empty_marker_name))) == 0;
+          if (is_dummy_field) {
+            output->print(" (reused as null-marker)");
+          }
+        }
+
+        output->cr();
         break;
       }
-      case LayoutRawBlock::FLATTENED: {
+      case LayoutRawBlock::FLAT: {
         FieldInfo* fi = _field_info->adr_at(b->field_index());
-        output->print_cr(" @%d \"%s\" %s %d/%d %s",
+        InlineKlass* ik = inline_fields->adr_at(fi->index())->klass();
+        assert(ik != nullptr, "");
+        output->print_cr(" @%d %s %d/%d \"%s\" %s %s@%p %s",
                          b->offset(),
-                         fi->name(_cp)->as_C_string(),
-                         fi->signature(_cp)->as_C_string(),
+                         "FLAT",
                          b->size(),
                          b->alignment(),
-                         "FLATTENED");
+                         fi->name(_cp)->as_C_string(),
+                         fi->signature(_cp)->as_C_string(),
+                         ik->name()->as_C_string(),
+                         ik->class_loader_data(),
+                         LayoutKindHelper::layout_kind_as_string(b->layout_kind()));
         break;
       }
       case LayoutRawBlock::RESERVED: {
-        output->print_cr(" @%d %d/- %s",
+        output->print_cr(" @%d %s %d/-",
                          b->offset(),
-                         b->size(),
-                         "RESERVED");
+                         "RESERVED",
+                         b->size());
         break;
       }
       case LayoutRawBlock::INHERITED: {
@@ -462,56 +732,88 @@ void FieldLayout::print(outputStream* output, bool is_static, const InstanceKlas
         const InstanceKlass* ik = super;
         while (!found && ik != nullptr) {
           for (AllFieldStream fs(ik); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {
-            if (fs.offset() == b->offset()) {
-              output->print_cr(" @%d \"%s\" %s %d/%d %s",
+            if (fs.offset() == b->offset() && fs.access_flags().is_static() == is_static) {
+              output->print_cr(" @%d %s %d/%d \"%s\" %s",
                   b->offset(),
-                  fs.name()->as_C_string(),
-                  fs.signature()->as_C_string(),
+                  "INHERITED",
                   b->size(),
-                  b->size(), // so far, alignment constraint == size, will change with Valhalla
-                  "INHERITED");
+                  b->alignment(),
+                  fs.name()->as_C_string(),
+                  fs.signature()->as_C_string());
               found = true;
               break;
             }
-          }
-          ik = ik->super();
         }
-        break;
+        ik = ik->super();
       }
-      case LayoutRawBlock::EMPTY:
-        output->print_cr(" @%d %d/1 %s",
-                         b->offset(),
-                         b->size(),
-                        "EMPTY");
-        break;
-      case LayoutRawBlock::PADDING:
-        output->print_cr(" @%d %d/1 %s",
-                         b->offset(),
-                         b->size(),
-                        "PADDING");
-        break;
+      break;
+    }
+    case LayoutRawBlock::EMPTY:
+      output->print_cr(" @%d %s %d/1",
+                       b->offset(),
+                      "EMPTY",
+                       b->size());
+      break;
+    case LayoutRawBlock::PADDING:
+      output->print_cr(" @%d %s %d/1",
+                      b->offset(),
+                      "PADDING",
+                      b->size());
+      break;
+    case LayoutRawBlock::NULL_MARKER:
+    {
+      output->print_cr(" @%d %s %d/1 ",
+                      b->offset(),
+                      "NULL_MARKER",
+                      b->size());
+      break;
+    }
+    default:
+      fatal("Unknown block type");
     }
     b = b->next_block();
   }
 }
 
-FieldLayoutBuilder::FieldLayoutBuilder(const Symbol* classname, const InstanceKlass* super_klass, ConstantPool* constant_pool,
-      GrowableArray<FieldInfo>* field_info, bool is_contended, FieldLayoutInfo* info) :
+FieldLayoutBuilder::FieldLayoutBuilder(const Symbol* classname, ClassLoaderData* loader_data, const InstanceKlass* super_klass, ConstantPool* constant_pool,
+                                       GrowableArray<FieldInfo>* field_info, bool is_contended, bool is_inline_type,bool is_abstract_value,
+                                       bool must_be_atomic, FieldLayoutInfo* info, Array<InlineLayoutInfo>* inline_layout_info_array) :
   _classname(classname),
+  _loader_data(loader_data),
   _super_klass(super_klass),
   _constant_pool(constant_pool),
   _field_info(field_info),
   _info(info),
+  _inline_layout_info_array(inline_layout_info_array),
   _root_group(nullptr),
   _contended_groups(GrowableArray<FieldGroup*>(8)),
   _static_fields(nullptr),
   _layout(nullptr),
   _static_layout(nullptr),
   _nonstatic_oopmap_count(0),
-  _alignment(-1),
+  _payload_alignment(-1),
+  _payload_offset(-1),
+  _null_marker_offset(-1),
+  _payload_size_in_bytes(-1),
+  _null_free_non_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes(-1),
+  _null_free_non_atomic_layout_alignment(-1),
+  _null_free_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes(-1),
+  _nullable_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes(-1),
+  _nullable_non_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes(-1),
+  _fields_size_sum(0),
+  _declared_nonstatic_fields_count(0),
+  _flattening_budget((int)FlatteningBudget),  // uint -> int convertion but FlatteningBudget value has
+                                              // been validated in VM flags parsing (range [0, 1024 * 1024]).
+  _has_non_naturally_atomic_fields(false),
+  _is_naturally_atomic(false),
+  _must_be_atomic(must_be_atomic),
   _has_nonstatic_fields(false),
-  _is_contended(is_contended) {}
-
+  _has_inlineable_fields(false),
+  _has_inlined_fields(false),
+  _is_contended(is_contended),
+  _is_inline_type(is_inline_type),
+  _is_abstract_value(is_abstract_value),
+  _is_empty_inline_class(false) {}
 
 FieldGroup* FieldLayoutBuilder::get_or_create_contended_group(int g) {
   assert(g > 0, "must only be called for named contended groups");
@@ -526,27 +828,28 @@ FieldGroup* FieldLayoutBuilder::get_or_create_contended_group(int g) {
 }
 
 void FieldLayoutBuilder::prologue() {
-  _layout = new FieldLayout(_field_info, _constant_pool);
+  _layout = new FieldLayout(_field_info, _inline_layout_info_array, _constant_pool);
   const InstanceKlass* super_klass = _super_klass;
   _layout->initialize_instance_layout(super_klass, _super_ends_with_oop);
+  _nonstatic_oopmap_count = super_klass == nullptr ? 0 : super_klass->nonstatic_oop_map_count();
   if (super_klass != nullptr) {
     _has_nonstatic_fields = super_klass->has_nonstatic_fields();
   }
-  _static_layout = new FieldLayout(_field_info, _constant_pool);
+  _static_layout = new FieldLayout(_field_info, _inline_layout_info_array, _constant_pool);
   _static_layout->initialize_static_layout();
   _static_fields = new FieldGroup();
   _root_group = new FieldGroup();
 }
 
-// Field sorting for regular classes:
+// Field sorting for regular (non-inline) classes:
 //   - fields are sorted in static and non-static fields
 //   - non-static fields are also sorted according to their contention group
 //     (support of the @Contended annotation)
 //   - @Contended annotation is ignored for static fields
+//   - field flattening decisions are taken in this method
 void FieldLayoutBuilder::regular_field_sorting() {
   int idx = 0;
   for (GrowableArrayIterator<FieldInfo> it = _field_info->begin(); it != _field_info->end(); ++it, ++idx) {
-    FieldInfo ctrl = _field_info->at(0);
     FieldGroup* group = nullptr;
     FieldInfo fieldinfo = *it;
     if (fieldinfo.access_flags().is_static()) {
@@ -568,23 +871,49 @@ void FieldLayoutBuilder::regular_field_sorting() {
     assert(group != nullptr, "invariant");
     BasicType type = Signature::basic_type(fieldinfo.signature(_constant_pool));
     switch(type) {
-      case T_BYTE:
-      case T_CHAR:
-      case T_DOUBLE:
-      case T_FLOAT:
-      case T_INT:
-      case T_LONG:
-      case T_SHORT:
-      case T_BOOLEAN:
-        group->add_primitive_field(idx, type);
-        break;
-      case T_OBJECT:
-      case T_ARRAY:
+    case T_BYTE:
+    case T_CHAR:
+    case T_DOUBLE:
+    case T_FLOAT:
+    case T_INT:
+    case T_LONG:
+    case T_SHORT:
+    case T_BOOLEAN:
+      group->add_primitive_field(idx, type);
+      break;
+    case T_OBJECT:
+    case T_ARRAY:
+    {
+      LayoutKind lk = field_layout_selection(fieldinfo, _inline_layout_info_array, true);
+      lk = adjust_with_budget(fieldinfo, _inline_layout_info_array, lk, _flattening_budget);
+      if (field_is_inlineable(fieldinfo, lk, _inline_layout_info_array)) {
+        _has_inlineable_fields = true;
+      }
+
+      if (lk == LayoutKind::REFERENCE) {
         if (group != _static_fields) _nonstatic_oopmap_count++;
         group->add_oop_field(idx);
-        break;
-      default:
-        fatal("Something wrong?");
+      } else {
+        assert(group != _static_fields, "Static fields are not flattened");
+        assert(lk != LayoutKind::BUFFERED && lk != LayoutKind::UNKNOWN,
+               "Invalid layout kind for flat field: %s", LayoutKindHelper::layout_kind_as_string(lk));
+
+        const int field_index = (int)fieldinfo.index();
+        assert(_inline_layout_info_array != nullptr, "Array must have been created");
+        assert(_inline_layout_info_array->adr_at(field_index)->klass() != nullptr, "Klass must have been set");
+        _has_inlined_fields = true;
+        InlineKlass* vk = _inline_layout_info_array->adr_at(field_index)->klass();
+        group->add_flat_field(idx, vk, lk);
+        _inline_layout_info_array->adr_at(field_index)->set_kind(lk);
+        _nonstatic_oopmap_count += vk->nonstatic_oop_map_count();
+        _field_info->adr_at(idx)->field_flags_addr()->update_flat(true);
+        _field_info->adr_at(idx)->set_layout_kind(lk);
+        // no need to update _must_be_atomic if vk->must_be_atomic() is true because current class is not an inline class
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    default:
+      fatal("Something wrong?");
     }
   }
   _root_group->sort_by_size();
@@ -596,6 +925,95 @@ void FieldLayoutBuilder::regular_field_sorting() {
   }
 }
 
+// Field sorting for inline classes:
+//   - because inline classes are immutable, the @Contended annotation is ignored
+//     when computing their layout (with only read operation, there's no false
+//     sharing issue)
+//   - this method also records the alignment of the field with the most
+//     constraining alignment, this value is then used as the alignment
+//     constraint when flattening this inline type into another container
+//   - field flattening decisions are taken in this method (those decisions are
+//     currently only based in the size of the fields to be flattened, the size
+//     of the resulting instance is not considered)
+//
+void FieldLayoutBuilder::inline_class_field_sorting() {
+  assert(_is_inline_type || _is_abstract_value, "Should only be used for inline classes");
+  int alignment = -1;
+  int idx = 0;
+  for (GrowableArrayIterator<FieldInfo> it = _field_info->begin(); it != _field_info->end(); ++it, ++idx) {
+    FieldGroup* group = nullptr;
+    FieldInfo fieldinfo = *it;
+    int field_alignment = 1;
+    if (fieldinfo.access_flags().is_static()) {
+      group = _static_fields;
+    } else {
+      _has_nonstatic_fields = true;
+      _declared_nonstatic_fields_count++;
+      group = _root_group;
+    }
+    assert(group != nullptr, "invariant");
+    BasicType type = Signature::basic_type(fieldinfo.signature(_constant_pool));
+    switch(type) {
+    case T_BYTE:
+    case T_CHAR:
+    case T_DOUBLE:
+    case T_FLOAT:
+    case T_INT:
+    case T_LONG:
+    case T_SHORT:
+    case T_BOOLEAN:
+      if (group != _static_fields) {
+        field_alignment = type2aelembytes(type); // alignment == size for primitive types
+      }
+      group->add_primitive_field(idx, type);
+      break;
+    case T_OBJECT:
+    case T_ARRAY:
+    {
+      bool use_atomic_flat = _must_be_atomic; // flatten atomic fields only if the container is itself atomic
+      LayoutKind lk = field_layout_selection(fieldinfo, _inline_layout_info_array, use_atomic_flat);
+      lk = adjust_with_budget(fieldinfo, _inline_layout_info_array, lk, _flattening_budget);
+      if (field_is_inlineable(fieldinfo, lk, _inline_layout_info_array)) {
+        _has_inlineable_fields = true;
+      }
+
+      if (lk == LayoutKind::REFERENCE) {
+        if (group != _static_fields) {
+          _nonstatic_oopmap_count++;
+          field_alignment = type2aelembytes(type); // alignment == size for oops
+        }
+        group->add_oop_field(idx);
+      } else {
+        assert(group != _static_fields, "Static fields are not flattened");
+        assert(lk != LayoutKind::BUFFERED && lk != LayoutKind::UNKNOWN,
+               "Invalid layout kind for flat field: %s", LayoutKindHelper::layout_kind_as_string(lk));
+
+        const int field_index = (int)fieldinfo.index();
+        assert(_inline_layout_info_array != nullptr, "Array must have been created");
+        assert(_inline_layout_info_array->adr_at(field_index)->klass() != nullptr, "Klass must have been set");
+        _has_inlined_fields = true;
+        InlineKlass* vk = _inline_layout_info_array->adr_at(field_index)->klass();
+        if (!vk->is_naturally_atomic(LayoutKindHelper::is_null_free_flat(lk))) _has_non_naturally_atomic_fields = true;
+        group->add_flat_field(idx, vk, lk);
+        _inline_layout_info_array->adr_at(field_index)->set_kind(lk);
+        _nonstatic_oopmap_count += vk->nonstatic_oop_map_count();
+        field_alignment = vk->layout_alignment(lk);
+        _field_info->adr_at(idx)->field_flags_addr()->update_flat(true);
+        _field_info->adr_at(idx)->set_layout_kind(lk);
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    default:
+      fatal("Unexpected BasicType");
+    }
+    if (!fieldinfo.access_flags().is_static() && field_alignment > alignment) alignment = field_alignment;
+  }
+  _root_group->sort_by_size();
+  _static_fields->sort_by_size();
+  _payload_alignment = alignment;
+  assert(_has_nonstatic_fields || _is_abstract_value, "Concrete value types do not support zero instance size yet");
+}
+
 LayoutRawBlock* FieldLayoutBuilder::insert_contended_padding(LayoutRawBlock* slot) {
   LayoutRawBlock* padding = nullptr;
   if (ContendedPaddingWidth > 0) {
@@ -607,7 +1025,8 @@ LayoutRawBlock* FieldLayoutBuilder::insert_contended_padding(LayoutRawBlock* slo
 
 // Computation of regular classes layout is an evolution of the previous default layout
 // (FieldAllocationStyle 1):
-//   - primitive fields are allocated first (from the biggest to the smallest)
+//   - primitive fields (both primitive types and flat inline types) are allocated
+//     first (from the biggest to the smallest)
 //   - oop fields are allocated, either in existing gaps or at the end of
 //     the layout. We allocate oops in a single block to have a single oop map entry.
 //   - if the super class ended with an oop, we lead with oops. That will cause the
@@ -620,7 +1039,6 @@ void FieldLayoutBuilder::compute_regular_layout() {
   bool need_tail_padding = false;
   prologue();
   regular_field_sorting();
-
   if (_is_contended) {
     // insertion is currently easy because the current strategy doesn't try to fill holes
     // in super classes layouts => the _start block is by consequence the _last_block
@@ -635,9 +1053,11 @@ void FieldLayoutBuilder::compute_regular_layout() {
 
   if (_super_ends_with_oop) {
     _layout->add(_root_group->oop_fields());
-    _layout->add(_root_group->primitive_fields());
+    _layout->add(_root_group->big_primitive_fields());
+    _layout->add(_root_group->small_primitive_fields());
   } else {
-    _layout->add(_root_group->primitive_fields());
+    _layout->add(_root_group->big_primitive_fields());
+    _layout->add(_root_group->small_primitive_fields());
     _layout->add(_root_group->oop_fields());
   }
 
@@ -652,7 +1072,8 @@ void FieldLayoutBuilder::compute_regular_layout() {
         start = padding;
       }
 
-      _layout->add(cg->primitive_fields(), start);
+      _layout->add(cg->big_primitive_fields(), start);
+      _layout->add(cg->small_primitive_fields(), start);
       _layout->add(cg->oop_fields(), start);
       need_tail_padding = true;
     }
@@ -662,41 +1083,481 @@ void FieldLayoutBuilder::compute_regular_layout() {
     insert_contended_padding(_layout->last_block());
   }
 
-  _static_layout->add_contiguously(this->_static_fields->oop_fields());
-  _static_layout->add(this->_static_fields->primitive_fields());
+  // Warning: IntanceMirrorKlass expects static oops to be allocated first
+  _static_layout->add_contiguously(_static_fields->oop_fields());
+  _static_layout->add(_static_fields->big_primitive_fields());
+  _static_layout->add(_static_fields->small_primitive_fields());
 
   epilogue();
 }
 
-void FieldLayoutBuilder::epilogue() {
-  // Computing oopmaps
-  int super_oop_map_count = (_super_klass == nullptr) ? 0 :_super_klass->nonstatic_oop_map_count();
-  int max_oop_map_count = super_oop_map_count + _nonstatic_oopmap_count;
+// Computation of inline classes has a slightly different strategy than for
+// regular classes. Regular classes have their oop fields allocated at the end
+// of the layout to increase GC performance. Unfortunately, this strategy
+// increases the number of empty slots inside an instance. Because the purpose
+// of inline classes is to be embedded into other containers, it is critical
+// to keep their size as small as possible. For this reason, the allocation
+// strategy is:
+//   - big primitive fields (primitive types and flat inline types larger
+//     than an oop) are allocated first (from the biggest to the smallest)
+//   - then oop fields
+//   - then small primitive fields (from the biggest to the smallest)
+//
+void FieldLayoutBuilder::compute_inline_class_layout() {
 
-  OopMapBlocksBuilder* nonstatic_oop_maps =
-      new OopMapBlocksBuilder(max_oop_map_count);
-  if (super_oop_map_count > 0) {
-    nonstatic_oop_maps->initialize_inherited_blocks(_super_klass->start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps(),
-    _super_klass->nonstatic_oop_map_count());
+  // Test if the concrete inline class is an empty class (no instance fields)
+  // and insert a dummy field if needed
+  if (!_is_abstract_value) {
+    bool declares_nonstatic_fields = false;
+    for (FieldInfo fieldinfo : *_field_info) {
+      if (!fieldinfo.access_flags().is_static()) {
+        declares_nonstatic_fields = true;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (!declares_nonstatic_fields) {
+      bool has_inherited_fields = _super_klass != nullptr && _super_klass->has_nonstatic_fields();
+      if (!has_inherited_fields) {
+        // Inject ".empty" dummy field
+        _is_empty_inline_class = true;
+        FieldInfo::FieldFlags fflags(0);
+        fflags.update_injected(true);
+        AccessFlags aflags;
+        FieldInfo fi(aflags,
+                    (u2)vmSymbols::as_int(VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(empty_marker_name)),
+                    (u2)vmSymbols::as_int(VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(byte_signature)),
+                    0,
+                    fflags);
+        int idx = _field_info->append(fi);
+        _field_info->adr_at(idx)->set_index(idx);
+      }
+    }
   }
 
-  if (_root_group->oop_fields() != nullptr) {
-    for (int i = 0; i < _root_group->oop_fields()->length(); i++) {
-      LayoutRawBlock* b = _root_group->oop_fields()->at(i);
+  prologue();
+  inline_class_field_sorting();
+
+  assert(_layout->start()->block_kind() == LayoutRawBlock::RESERVED, "Unexpected");
+
+  if (!_layout->super_has_nonstatic_fields()) {
+    // No inherited fields, the layout must be empty except for the RESERVED block
+    // PADDING is inserted if needed to ensure the correct alignment of the payload.
+    if (_is_abstract_value && _has_nonstatic_fields) {
+      // Non-static fields of the abstract class must be laid out without knowing
+      // the alignment constraints of the fields of the sub-classes, so the worst
+      // case scenario is assumed, which is currently the alignment of T_LONG.
+      // PADDING is added if needed to ensure the payload will respect this alignment.
+      _payload_alignment = type2aelembytes(BasicType::T_LONG);
+    }
+    assert(_layout->start()->next_block()->block_kind() == LayoutRawBlock::EMPTY, "Unexpected");
+    LayoutRawBlock* first_empty = _layout->start()->next_block();
+    if (first_empty->offset() % _payload_alignment != 0) {
+      LayoutRawBlock* padding = new LayoutRawBlock(LayoutRawBlock::PADDING, _payload_alignment - (first_empty->offset() % _payload_alignment));
+      _layout->insert(first_empty, padding);
+      if (first_empty->size() == 0) {
+        _layout->remove(first_empty);
+      }
+      _layout->set_start(padding);
+    }
+  } else { // the class has inherited some fields from its super(s)
+    if (!_is_abstract_value) {
+      // This is the step where the layout of the final concrete value class' layout
+      // is computed. Super abstract value classes might have been too conservative
+      // regarding alignment constraints, but now that the full set of non-static fields is
+      // known, compute which alignment to use, then set first allowed field offset.
+
+      assert(_has_nonstatic_fields, "Concrete value classes must have at least one field");
+      if (_payload_alignment == -1) { // current class declares no local nonstatic fields
+        _payload_alignment = _layout->super_min_align_required();
+      }
+
+      assert(_layout->super_alignment() >= _payload_alignment, "Incompatible alignment");
+      assert(_layout->super_alignment() % _payload_alignment == 0, "Incompatible alignment");
+
+      if (_payload_alignment < _layout->super_alignment()) {
+        int new_alignment = _payload_alignment > _layout->super_min_align_required() ? _payload_alignment : _layout->super_min_align_required();
+        assert(new_alignment % _payload_alignment == 0, "Must be");
+        assert(new_alignment % _layout->super_min_align_required() == 0, "Must be");
+        _payload_alignment = new_alignment;
+      }
+      _layout->set_start(_layout->first_field_block());
+    } else {
+      // Abstract value class inheriting fields, restore the pessimistic alignment
+      // constraint (see comment above) and ensure no field will be inserted before
+      // the first inherited field.
+      _payload_alignment = type2aelembytes(BasicType::T_LONG);
+      _layout->set_start(_layout->first_field_block());
+    }
+  }
+
+  _layout->add(_root_group->big_primitive_fields());
+  _layout->add(_root_group->oop_fields());
+  _layout->add(_root_group->small_primitive_fields());
+
+  LayoutRawBlock* first_field = _layout->first_field_block();
+  if (first_field != nullptr) {
+    _payload_offset = _layout->first_field_block()->offset();
+    _payload_size_in_bytes = _layout->last_block()->offset() - _layout->first_field_block()->offset();
+  } else {
+    assert(_is_abstract_value, "Concrete inline types must have at least one field");
+    _payload_offset = _layout->blocks()->size();
+    _payload_size_in_bytes = 0;
+  }
+
+  // Determining if the value class is naturally atomic:
+  if (_declared_nonstatic_fields_count == 0) {
+    _is_naturally_atomic = _super_klass == vmClasses::Object_klass() || _super_klass->is_naturally_atomic(true /* null-free */);
+  } else if (_declared_nonstatic_fields_count == 1) {
+    _is_naturally_atomic = !_layout->super_has_nonstatic_fields() && !_has_non_naturally_atomic_fields;
+  } else {
+    _is_naturally_atomic = false;
+  }
+
+  // At this point, the characteristics of the raw layout (used in standalone instances) are known.
+  // From this, additional layouts will be computed: atomic and nullable layouts.
+  // Once those additional layouts are computed, the raw layout might need some adjustments.
+
+  bool vm_uses_flattening = UseFieldFlattening || UseArrayFlattening;
+
+  if (!_is_abstract_value && vm_uses_flattening) { // Flat layouts are only for concrete value classes
+    // Validation of the non atomic layout
+    if (UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening && (!_must_be_atomic || _is_naturally_atomic)) {
+      _null_free_non_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes = _payload_size_in_bytes;
+      _null_free_non_atomic_layout_alignment = _payload_alignment;
+    }
+
+    // Next step is to compute the characteristics for a layout enabling atomic updates
+    if (UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening) {
+      int atomic_size = _payload_size_in_bytes == 0 ? 0 : round_up_power_of_2(_payload_size_in_bytes);
+      if (atomic_size <= (int)MAX_ATOMIC_OP_SIZE) {
+        _null_free_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes = atomic_size;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Next step is the nullable layouts: they must include a null marker.
+    // Note about the special case of j.l.Double and j.l.Long: the introduction of
+    // the NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT layout caused an increase of the size of their
+    // instances which causes performance regression (see JDK-8379145).
+    // The temporary solution is to simply disable nullable layouts for these classes
+    // until a better fix is implemented (see JDK-8382361).
+    if ((UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening || UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening)
+         && _classname != vmSymbols::java_lang_Double() && _classname != vmSymbols::java_lang_Long()) {
+      // Looking if there's an empty slot inside the layout that could be used to store a null marker
+      LayoutRawBlock* b = _layout->first_field_block();
+      assert(b != nullptr, "A concrete value class must have at least one (possible dummy) field");
+      int null_marker_offset = -1;
+      if (_is_empty_inline_class) {
+        // Reusing the dummy field as a field marker
+        assert(_field_info->adr_at(b->field_index())->name(_constant_pool) == vmSymbols::empty_marker_name(), "b must be the dummy field");
+        null_marker_offset = b->offset();
+      } else {
+        while (b != _layout->last_block()) {
+          if (b->block_kind() == LayoutRawBlock::EMPTY) {
+            break;
+          }
+          b = b->next_block();
+        }
+        if (b != _layout->last_block()) {
+          // found an empty slot, register its offset from the beginning of the payload
+          null_marker_offset = b->offset();
+          LayoutRawBlock* marker = new LayoutRawBlock(LayoutRawBlock::NULL_MARKER, 1);
+          _layout->add_field_at_offset(marker, b->offset());
+        }
+        if (null_marker_offset == -1) { // no empty slot available to store the null marker, need to inject one
+          int last_offset = _layout->last_block()->offset();
+          LayoutRawBlock* marker = new LayoutRawBlock(LayoutRawBlock::NULL_MARKER, 1);
+          _layout->insert_field_block(_layout->last_block(), marker);
+          assert(marker->offset() == last_offset, "Null marker should have been inserted at the end");
+          null_marker_offset = marker->offset();
+        }
+      }
+      assert(null_marker_offset != -1, "Sanity check");
+      // Now that the null marker is there, the size of the nullable layout must be computed
+      int new_raw_size = _layout->last_block()->offset() - _layout->first_field_block()->offset();
+      if (UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening) {
+        _nullable_non_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes = new_raw_size;
+        _null_marker_offset = null_marker_offset;
+        _null_free_non_atomic_layout_alignment = _payload_alignment;
+      }
+      if (UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening) {
+        // For the nullable atomic layout, the size must be compatible with the platform capabilities
+        int nullable_atomic_size = round_up_power_of_2(new_raw_size);
+        if (nullable_atomic_size <= (int)MAX_ATOMIC_OP_SIZE) {
+          _nullable_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes = nullable_atomic_size;
+          _null_marker_offset = null_marker_offset;
+        }
+      }
+      if (_null_marker_offset == -1) { // No nullable layout has been accepted
+        // If the nullable layout is rejected, the NULL_MARKER block should be removed
+        // from the layout, otherwise it will appear anyway if the layout is printer
+        if (!_is_empty_inline_class) {  // empty values don't have a dedicated NULL_MARKER block
+          _layout->remove_null_marker();
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    // If the inline class has an atomic or nullable atomic layout,
+    // we want the raw layout to have the same alignment as those atomic layouts so access codes
+    // could remain simple (single instruction without intermediate copy). This might require
+    // shifting all fields in the raw layout, but this operation is possible only if the class
+    // doesn't have inherited fields (offsets of inherited fields cannot be changed). If a
+    // field shift is needed but not possible, all atomic layouts are disabled and only reference
+    // and loosely consistent are supported.
+    int required_alignment = _payload_alignment;
+    if (has_null_free_atomic_layout() && required_alignment < null_free_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes()) {
+      required_alignment = null_free_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes();
+    }
+    if (has_nullable_atomic_layout() && required_alignment < nullable_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes()) {
+      required_alignment = nullable_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes();
+    }
+    int shift = (required_alignment - (first_field->offset() % required_alignment)) % required_alignment;
+    if (shift != 0) {
+      if (required_alignment > _payload_alignment && !_layout->has_inherited_fields()) {
+        assert(_layout->first_field_block() != nullptr, "A concrete value class must have at least one (possible dummy) field");
+        _layout->shift_fields(shift);
+        _payload_offset = _layout->first_field_block()->offset();
+        assert(is_aligned(_payload_offset, required_alignment), "Fields should have been shifted to respect the required alignment");
+        if (has_nullable_atomic_layout() || has_nullable_non_atomic_layout()) {
+          assert(!_is_empty_inline_class, "Should not get here with empty values");
+          _null_marker_offset = _layout->find_null_marker()->offset();
+        }
+        _payload_alignment = required_alignment;
+      } else {
+        _null_free_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes = -1;
+        if (has_nullable_atomic_layout() && !has_nullable_non_atomic_layout() && !_is_empty_inline_class) {  // empty values don't have a dedicated NULL_MARKER block
+          _layout->remove_null_marker();
+          _null_marker_offset = -1;
+        }
+        _nullable_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes = -1;
+      }
+    } else {
+      _payload_alignment = required_alignment;
+    }
+
+    // If the inline class has a nullable layout, the layout used in heap allocated standalone
+    // instances must also be the nullable layout, in order to be able to set the null marker to
+    // non-null before copying the payload to other containers.
+    if (has_nullable_atomic_layout() && payload_layout_size_in_bytes() < nullable_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes()) {
+      _payload_size_in_bytes = nullable_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes();
+    }
+    if (has_nullable_non_atomic_layout() && payload_layout_size_in_bytes() < nullable_non_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes()) {
+      _payload_size_in_bytes = nullable_non_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes();
+    }
+
+    // If the inline class has a null-free atomic layout, then the layout used in heap allocated standalone
+    // instances must have at least equal to the atomic layout to allow safe read/write atomic
+    // operation.
+    if (has_null_free_atomic_layout() && payload_layout_size_in_bytes() < null_free_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes()) {
+      _payload_size_in_bytes = null_free_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes();
+    }
+  }
+  // Warning:: InstanceMirrorKlass expects static oops to be allocated first
+  _static_layout->add_contiguously(_static_fields->oop_fields());
+  _static_layout->add(_static_fields->big_primitive_fields());
+  _static_layout->add(_static_fields->small_primitive_fields());
+
+  generate_acmp_maps();
+  epilogue();
+}
+
+void FieldLayoutBuilder::add_flat_field_oopmap(OopMapBlocksBuilder* nonstatic_oop_maps, InlineKlass* vklass, int offset) {
+  int diff = offset - vklass->payload_offset();
+  const OopMapBlock* map = vklass->start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps();
+  const OopMapBlock* last_map = map + vklass->nonstatic_oop_map_count();
+  while (map < last_map) {
+    nonstatic_oop_maps->add(map->offset() + diff, map->count());
+    map++;
+  }
+}
+
+void FieldLayoutBuilder::register_embedded_oops_from_list(OopMapBlocksBuilder* nonstatic_oop_maps, GrowableArray<LayoutRawBlock*>* list) {
+  if (list == nullptr) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < list->length(); i++) {
+    LayoutRawBlock* f = list->at(i);
+    if (f->block_kind() == LayoutRawBlock::FLAT) {
+      InlineKlass* vk = f->inline_klass();
+      assert(vk != nullptr, "Should have been initialized");
+      if (vk->contains_oops()) {
+        add_flat_field_oopmap(nonstatic_oop_maps, vk, f->offset());
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void FieldLayoutBuilder::register_embedded_oops(OopMapBlocksBuilder* nonstatic_oop_maps, FieldGroup* group) {
+  if (group->oop_fields() != nullptr) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < group->oop_fields()->length(); i++) {
+      LayoutRawBlock* b = group->oop_fields()->at(i);
       nonstatic_oop_maps->add(b->offset(), 1);
     }
   }
+  register_embedded_oops_from_list(nonstatic_oop_maps, group->big_primitive_fields());
+}
 
+static int insert_segment(GrowableArray<AcmpMapSegment>* map, int offset, int size, int last_idx) {
+  if (map->is_empty()) {
+    return map->append(AcmpMapSegment(offset, size));
+  }
+  int start = map->adr_at(last_idx)->_offset > offset ? 0 : last_idx;
+  bool inserted = false;
+  for (int c = start; c < map->length(); c++) {
+    if (offset == (map->adr_at(c)->_offset + map->adr_at(c)->_size)) {
+      //contiguous to the last field, can be coalesced
+      map->adr_at(c)->_size = map->adr_at(c)->_size + size;
+      inserted = true;
+      break;  // break out of the for loop
+    }
+    if (offset < (map->adr_at(c)->_offset)) {
+      map->insert_before(c, AcmpMapSegment(offset, size));
+      last_idx = c;
+      inserted = true;
+      break;  // break out of the for loop
+    }
+  }
+  if (!inserted) {
+    last_idx = map->append(AcmpMapSegment(offset, size));
+  }
+  return last_idx;
+}
+
+static int insert_map_at_offset(GrowableArray<AcmpMapSegment>* nonoop_map, GrowableArray<int>* oop_map,
+                                const InstanceKlass* ik, int field_offset, int last_idx) {
+  Array<int>* super_map = ik->acmp_maps_array();
+  assert(super_map != nullptr, "super class must have an acmp map");
+  int num_nonoop_field = super_map->at(0);
+  for (int i = 0; i < num_nonoop_field; i++) {
+    last_idx = insert_segment(nonoop_map,
+                              field_offset + super_map->at( i * 2 + 1),
+                              super_map->at( i * 2 + 2), last_idx);
+  }
+  int len = super_map->length();
+  for (int i = num_nonoop_field * 2 + 1; i < len; i++) {
+      oop_map->append(field_offset + super_map->at(i));
+  }
+  return last_idx;
+}
+
+static void split_after(GrowableArray<AcmpMapSegment>* map, int idx, int head) {
+  int offset = map->adr_at(idx)->_offset;
+  int size = map->adr_at(idx)->_size;
+  if (size <= head) return;
+  map->adr_at(idx)->_offset = offset + head;
+  map->adr_at(idx)->_size = size - head;
+  map->insert_before(idx, AcmpMapSegment(offset, head));
+
+}
+
+void FieldLayoutBuilder::generate_acmp_maps() {
+  assert(_is_inline_type || _is_abstract_value, "Must be done only for value classes (abstract or not)");
+
+  // create/initialize current class' maps
+  _nonoop_acmp_map = new GrowableArray<AcmpMapSegment>();
+  _oop_acmp_map = new GrowableArray<int>();
+  if (_is_empty_inline_class) return;
+  // last_idx remembers the position of the last insertion in order to speed up the next insertion.
+  // Local fields are processed in ascending offset order, so an insertion is very likely be performed
+  // next to the previous insertion. However, in some cases local fields and inherited fields can be
+  // interleaved, in which case the search of the insertion position cannot depend on the previous insertion.
+  int last_idx = 0;
+  if (_super_klass != nullptr && _super_klass != vmClasses::Object_klass()) {  // Assumes j.l.Object cannot have fields
+    last_idx = insert_map_at_offset(_nonoop_acmp_map, _oop_acmp_map, _super_klass, 0, last_idx);
+  }
+
+  // Processing local fields
+  LayoutRawBlock* b = _layout->blocks();
+  while(b != _layout->last_block()) {
+    switch(b->block_kind()) {
+      case LayoutRawBlock::RESERVED:
+      case LayoutRawBlock::EMPTY:
+      case LayoutRawBlock::PADDING:
+      case LayoutRawBlock::NULL_MARKER:
+      case LayoutRawBlock::INHERITED: // inherited fields are handled during maps creation/initialization
+        // skip
+        break;
+
+      case LayoutRawBlock::REGULAR:
+        {
+          FieldInfo* fi = _field_info->adr_at(b->field_index());
+          if (fi->signature(_constant_pool)->starts_with("L") || fi->signature(_constant_pool)->starts_with("[")) {
+            _oop_acmp_map->append(b->offset());
+          } else {
+            // Non-oop case
+            last_idx = insert_segment(_nonoop_acmp_map, b->offset(), b->size(), last_idx);
+          }
+          break;
+       }
+      case LayoutRawBlock::FLAT:
+        {
+          InlineKlass* vk = b->inline_klass();
+          int field_offset = b->offset() - vk->payload_offset();
+          last_idx = insert_map_at_offset(_nonoop_acmp_map, _oop_acmp_map, vk, field_offset, last_idx);
+          if (LayoutKindHelper::is_nullable_flat(b->layout_kind())) {
+            int null_marker_offset = b->offset() + vk->null_marker_offset_in_payload();
+            last_idx = insert_segment(_nonoop_acmp_map, null_marker_offset, 1, last_idx);
+            // Important note: the implementation assumes that for nullable flat fields, if the
+            // null marker is zero (field is null), then all the fields of the flat field are also
+            // zeroed. So, nullable flat field are not encoded different than null-free flat fields,
+            // all fields are included in the map, plus the null marker.
+            // If it happens that the assumption above is wrong, then nullable flat fields would
+            // require a dedicated section in the acmp map, and be handled differently: null_marker
+            // comparison first, and if null markers are identical and non-zero, then conditional
+            // comparison of the other fields.
+          }
+        }
+        break;
+
+    }
+    b = b->next_block();
+  }
+
+  // split segments into well-aligned blocks
+  int idx = 0;
+  while (idx < _nonoop_acmp_map->length()) {
+    int offset = _nonoop_acmp_map->adr_at(idx)->_offset;
+    int size = _nonoop_acmp_map->adr_at(idx)->_size;
+    int mod = offset % 8;
+    switch (mod) {
+      case 0:
+        break;
+      case 4:
+        split_after(_nonoop_acmp_map, idx, 4);
+        break;
+      case 2:
+      case 6:
+        split_after(_nonoop_acmp_map, idx, 2);
+        break;
+      case 1:
+      case 3:
+      case 5:
+      case 7:
+        split_after(_nonoop_acmp_map, idx, 1);
+        break;
+      default:
+        ShouldNotReachHere();
+    }
+    idx++;
+  }
+}
+
+void FieldLayoutBuilder::epilogue() {
+  // Computing oopmaps
+  OopMapBlocksBuilder* nonstatic_oop_maps =
+      new OopMapBlocksBuilder(_nonstatic_oopmap_count);
+  int super_oop_map_count = (_super_klass == nullptr) ? 0 :_super_klass->nonstatic_oop_map_count();
+  if (super_oop_map_count > 0) {
+    nonstatic_oop_maps->initialize_inherited_blocks(_super_klass->start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps(),
+    _super_klass->nonstatic_oop_map_count());
+  }
+  register_embedded_oops(nonstatic_oop_maps, _root_group);
   if (!_contended_groups.is_empty()) {
     for (int i = 0; i < _contended_groups.length(); i++) {
       FieldGroup* cg = _contended_groups.at(i);
-      if (cg->oop_count() > 0) {
-        assert(cg->oop_fields() != nullptr && cg->oop_fields()->at(0) != nullptr, "oop_count > 0 but no oop fields found");
-        nonstatic_oop_maps->add(cg->oop_fields()->at(0)->offset(), cg->oop_count());
-      }
+      register_embedded_oops(nonstatic_oop_maps, cg);
     }
   }
-
   nonstatic_oop_maps->compact();
 
   int instance_end = align_up(_layout->last_block()->offset(), wordSize);
@@ -712,19 +1573,142 @@ void FieldLayoutBuilder::epilogue() {
   _info->_static_field_size = static_fields_size;
   _info->_nonstatic_field_size = (nonstatic_field_end - instanceOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes()) / heapOopSize;
   _info->_has_nonstatic_fields = _has_nonstatic_fields;
+  _info->_has_inlined_fields = _has_inlined_fields;
+  _info->_is_naturally_atomic = _is_naturally_atomic;
+  if (_is_inline_type) {
+    _info->_must_be_atomic = _must_be_atomic;
+    _info->_payload_alignment = _payload_alignment;
+    _info->_payload_offset = _payload_offset;
+    _info->_payload_size_in_bytes = _payload_size_in_bytes;
+    _info->_null_free_non_atomic_size_in_bytes = _null_free_non_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes;
+    _info->_null_free_non_atomic_alignment = _null_free_non_atomic_layout_alignment;
+    _info->_null_free_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes = _null_free_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes;
+    _info->_nullable_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes = _nullable_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes;
+    _info->_nullable_non_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes = _nullable_non_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes;
+    _info->_null_marker_offset = _null_marker_offset;
+    _info->_null_reset_value_offset = _static_layout->null_reset_value_offset();
+    _info->_is_empty_inline_klass = _is_empty_inline_class;
+  }
+
+  // Acmp maps are needed for both concrete and abstract value classes
+  if (_is_inline_type || _is_abstract_value) {
+    _info->_acmp_maps_offset = _static_layout->acmp_maps_offset();
+    _info->_nonoop_acmp_map = _nonoop_acmp_map;
+    _info->_oop_acmp_map = _oop_acmp_map;
+  }
+
+  // This may be too restrictive, since if all the fields fit in 64
+  // bits we could make the decision to align instances of this class
+  // to 64-bit boundaries, and load and store them as single words.
+  // And on machines which supported larger atomics we could similarly
+  // allow larger values to be atomic, if properly aligned.
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  // Tests verifying integrity of field layouts are using the output of -XX:+PrintFieldLayout
+  // which prints the details of LayoutRawBlocks used to compute the layout.
+  // The code below checks that offsets in the _field_info meta-data match offsets
+  // in the LayoutRawBlocks.
+  LayoutRawBlock* b = _layout->blocks();
+  while(b != _layout->last_block()) {
+    if (b->block_kind() == LayoutRawBlock::REGULAR || b->block_kind() == LayoutRawBlock::FLAT) {
+      if (_field_info->adr_at(b->field_index())->offset() != (u4)b->offset()) {
+        tty->print_cr("Offset from field info = %d, offset from block = %d", (int)_field_info->adr_at(b->field_index())->offset(), b->offset());
+      }
+      assert(_field_info->adr_at(b->field_index())->offset() == (u4)b->offset()," Must match");
+    }
+    b = b->next_block();
+  }
+  b = _static_layout->blocks();
+  while(b != _static_layout->last_block()) {
+    if (b->block_kind() == LayoutRawBlock::REGULAR || b->block_kind() == LayoutRawBlock::FLAT) {
+      assert(_field_info->adr_at(b->field_index())->offset() == (u4)b->offset()," Must match");
+    }
+    b = b->next_block();
+  }
+#endif // ASSERT
+
+  static bool first_layout_print = true;
 
-  if (PrintFieldLayout) {
+  if (PrintFieldLayout || (PrintInlineLayout && (_has_inlineable_fields || _is_inline_type || _is_abstract_value))) {
     ResourceMark rm;
-    tty->print_cr("Layout of class %s", _classname->as_C_string());
-    tty->print_cr("Instance fields:");
-    _layout->print(tty, false, _super_klass);
-    tty->print_cr("Static fields:");
-    _static_layout->print(tty, true, nullptr);
-    tty->print_cr("Instance size = %d bytes", _info->_instance_size * wordSize);
-    tty->print_cr("---");
+    stringStream st;
+    if (first_layout_print) {
+      st.print_cr("Field layout log format: @offset size/alignment [name] [signature] [comment]");
+      st.print_cr("Heap oop size = %d", heapOopSize);
+      first_layout_print = false;
+    }
+    if (_super_klass != nullptr) {
+      st.print_cr("Layout of class %s@%p extends %s@%p", _classname->as_C_string(),
+                    _loader_data, _super_klass->name()->as_C_string(), _super_klass->class_loader_data());
+    } else {
+      st.print_cr("Layout of class %s@%p", _classname->as_C_string(), _loader_data);
+    }
+    st.print_cr("Instance fields:");
+    const bool dummy_field_is_reused_as_null_marker = _is_empty_inline_class && _null_marker_offset != -1;
+    _layout->print(&st, false, _super_klass, _inline_layout_info_array, dummy_field_is_reused_as_null_marker);
+    st.print_cr("Static fields:");
+    _static_layout->print(&st, true, nullptr, _inline_layout_info_array, false);
+    st.print_cr("Instance size = %d bytes", _info->_instance_size * wordSize);
+    if (_is_inline_type) {
+      st.print_cr("First field offset = %d", _payload_offset);
+      st.print_cr("%s layout: %d/%d", LayoutKindHelper::layout_kind_as_string(LayoutKind::BUFFERED),
+                  _payload_size_in_bytes, _payload_alignment);
+      if (has_null_free_non_atomic_flat_layout()) {
+        st.print_cr("%s layout: %d/%d",
+                    LayoutKindHelper::layout_kind_as_string(LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT),
+                    _null_free_non_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes, _null_free_non_atomic_layout_alignment);
+      } else {
+        st.print_cr("%s layout: -/-",
+                    LayoutKindHelper::layout_kind_as_string(LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT));
+      }
+      if (has_null_free_atomic_layout()) {
+        st.print_cr("%s layout: %d/%d",
+                    LayoutKindHelper::layout_kind_as_string(LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT),
+                    _null_free_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes, _null_free_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes);
+      } else {
+        st.print_cr("%s layout: -/-",
+                    LayoutKindHelper::layout_kind_as_string(LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT));
+      }
+      if (has_nullable_atomic_layout()) {
+        st.print_cr("%s layout: %d/%d",
+                    LayoutKindHelper::layout_kind_as_string(LayoutKind::NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT),
+                    _nullable_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes, _nullable_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes);
+      } else {
+        st.print_cr("%s layout: -/-",
+                    LayoutKindHelper::layout_kind_as_string(LayoutKind::NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT));
+      }
+      if (has_nullable_non_atomic_layout()) {
+        st.print_cr("%s layout: %d/%d",
+                    LayoutKindHelper::layout_kind_as_string(LayoutKind::NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT),
+                    _nullable_non_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes, _null_free_non_atomic_layout_alignment);
+      } else {
+        st.print_cr("%s layout: -/-",
+                    LayoutKindHelper::layout_kind_as_string(LayoutKind::NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT));
+      }
+      if (_null_marker_offset != -1) {
+        st.print_cr("Null marker offset = %d", _null_marker_offset);
+      }
+      st.print("Non-oop acmp map <offset,size>: ");
+      for (int i = 0 ; i < _nonoop_acmp_map->length(); i++) {
+        st.print("<%d,%d> ", _nonoop_acmp_map->at(i)._offset,  _nonoop_acmp_map->at(i)._size);
+      }
+      st.print_cr("");
+      st.print("oop acmp map: ");
+      for (int i = 0 ; i < _oop_acmp_map->length(); i++) {
+        st.print("%d ", _oop_acmp_map->at(i));
+      }
+      st.print_cr("");
+    }
+    st.print_cr("---");
+    // Print output all together.
+    tty->print_raw(st.as_string());
   }
 }
 
 void FieldLayoutBuilder::build_layout() {
-  compute_regular_layout();
+  if (_is_inline_type || _is_abstract_value) {
+    compute_inline_class_layout();
+  } else {
+    compute_regular_layout();
+  }
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/fieldLayoutBuilder.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/fieldLayoutBuilder.hpp
index a45131ec9a3..38a44e431d0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/fieldLayoutBuilder.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/fieldLayoutBuilder.hpp
@@ -29,11 +29,12 @@
 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
 #include "oops/fieldStreams.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
 
 // Classes below are used to compute the field layout of classes.
 
-
 // A LayoutRawBlock describes an element of a layout.
 // Each field is represented by a LayoutRawBlock.
 // LayoutRawBlocks can also represent elements injected by the JVM:
@@ -50,6 +51,9 @@
 //  next/prev pointers are included in the LayoutRawBlock class to narrow
 //  the number of allocation required during the computation of a layout.
 //
+
+#define MAX_ATOMIC_OP_SIZE sizeof(uint64_t)
+
 class LayoutRawBlock : public ResourceObj {
  public:
   // Some code relies on the order of values below.
@@ -57,29 +61,33 @@ class LayoutRawBlock : public ResourceObj {
     EMPTY,         // empty slot, space is taken from this to allocate fields
     RESERVED,      // reserved for JVM usage (for instance object header)
     PADDING,       // padding (because of alignment constraints or @Contended)
-    REGULAR,       // primitive or oop field (including non-flattened inline fields)
-    FLATTENED,     // flattened field
-    INHERITED      // field(s) inherited from super classes
+    REGULAR,       // primitive or oop field (including not flat inline type fields)
+    FLAT,          // flat field
+    INHERITED,     // field(s) inherited from super classes
+    NULL_MARKER    // stores the null marker for a flat field
   };
 
  private:
   LayoutRawBlock* _next_block;
   LayoutRawBlock* _prev_block;
+  InlineKlass* _inline_klass;
   Kind _block_kind;
+  LayoutKind _layout_kind;
   int _offset;
   int _alignment;
   int _size;
   int _field_index;
-  bool _is_reference;
 
  public:
   LayoutRawBlock(Kind kind, int size);
-  LayoutRawBlock(int index, Kind kind, int size, int alignment, bool is_reference = false);
+
+  LayoutRawBlock(int index, Kind kind, int size, int alignment);
   LayoutRawBlock* next_block() const { return _next_block; }
   void set_next_block(LayoutRawBlock* next) { _next_block = next; }
   LayoutRawBlock* prev_block() const { return _prev_block; }
   void set_prev_block(LayoutRawBlock* prev) { _prev_block = prev; }
   Kind block_kind() const { return _block_kind; }
+  void set_block_kind(LayoutRawBlock::Kind kind) { _block_kind = kind; } // Dangerous operation, is only used by remove_null_marker();
   int offset() const {
     assert(_offset >= 0, "Must be initialized");
     return _offset;
@@ -92,7 +100,18 @@ class LayoutRawBlock : public ResourceObj {
     assert(_field_index != -1, "Must be initialized");
     return _field_index;
   }
-  bool is_reference() const { return _is_reference; }
+  void set_field_index(int field_index) {
+    assert(_field_index == -1, "Must not be initialized");
+    _field_index = field_index;
+  }
+  InlineKlass* inline_klass() const {
+    assert(_inline_klass != nullptr, "Must be initialized");
+    return _inline_klass;
+  }
+  void set_inline_klass(InlineKlass* inline_klass) { _inline_klass = inline_klass; }
+
+  LayoutKind layout_kind() const { return _layout_kind; }
+  void set_layout_kind(LayoutKind kind) { _layout_kind = kind; }
 
   bool fit(int size, int alignment);
 
@@ -109,22 +128,22 @@ class LayoutRawBlock : public ResourceObj {
     }
     return diff;
   }
-
 };
 
 // A Field group represents a set of fields that have to be allocated together,
 // this is the way the @Contended annotation is supported.
 // Inside a FieldGroup, fields are sorted based on their kind: primitive,
-// oop, or flattened.
+// oop, or flat.
 //
 class FieldGroup : public ResourceObj {
 
  private:
   FieldGroup* _next;
-  GrowableArray<LayoutRawBlock*>* _primitive_fields;
+
+  GrowableArray<LayoutRawBlock*>* _small_primitive_fields;
+  GrowableArray<LayoutRawBlock*>* _big_primitive_fields;
   GrowableArray<LayoutRawBlock*>* _oop_fields;
   int _contended_group;
-  int _oop_count;
   static const int INITIAL_LIST_SIZE = 16;
 
  public:
@@ -132,14 +151,19 @@ class FieldGroup : public ResourceObj {
 
   FieldGroup* next() const { return _next; }
   void set_next(FieldGroup* next) { _next = next; }
-  GrowableArray<LayoutRawBlock*>* primitive_fields() const { return _primitive_fields; }
+  GrowableArray<LayoutRawBlock*>* small_primitive_fields() const { return _small_primitive_fields; }
+  GrowableArray<LayoutRawBlock*>* big_primitive_fields() const { return _big_primitive_fields; }
   GrowableArray<LayoutRawBlock*>* oop_fields() const { return _oop_fields; }
   int contended_group() const { return _contended_group; }
-  int oop_count() const { return _oop_count; }
 
   void add_primitive_field(int idx, BasicType type);
   void add_oop_field(int idx);
+  void add_flat_field(int idx, InlineKlass* vk, LayoutKind lk);
+  void add_block(LayoutRawBlock** list, LayoutRawBlock* block);
   void sort_by_size();
+ private:
+  void add_to_small_primitive_list(LayoutRawBlock* block);
+  void add_to_big_primitive_list(LayoutRawBlock* block);
 };
 
 // The FieldLayout class represents a set of fields organized
@@ -161,13 +185,21 @@ class FieldGroup : public ResourceObj {
 class FieldLayout : public ResourceObj {
  private:
   GrowableArray<FieldInfo>* _field_info;
+  Array<InlineLayoutInfo>* _inline_layout_info_array;
   ConstantPool* _cp;
   LayoutRawBlock* _blocks;  // the layout being computed
   LayoutRawBlock* _start;   // points to the first block where a field can be inserted
   LayoutRawBlock* _last;    // points to the last block of the layout (big empty block)
+  int _super_first_field_offset;
+  int _super_alignment;
+  int _super_min_align_required;
+  int _null_reset_value_offset;    // offset of the reset value in class mirror, only for static layout of inline classes
+  int _acmp_maps_offset;
+  bool _super_has_nonstatic_fields;
+  bool _has_inherited_fields;
 
  public:
-  FieldLayout(GrowableArray<FieldInfo>* field_info, ConstantPool* cp);
+  FieldLayout(GrowableArray<FieldInfo>* field_info, Array<InlineLayoutInfo>* inline_layout_info_array, ConstantPool* cp);
   void initialize_static_layout();
   void initialize_instance_layout(const InstanceKlass* ik, bool& super_ends_with_oop);
 
@@ -179,29 +211,46 @@ class FieldLayout : public ResourceObj {
     return block;
   }
 
-  LayoutRawBlock* start() { return _start; }
+  LayoutRawBlock* blocks() const { return _blocks; }
+
+  LayoutRawBlock* start() const { return _start; }
   void set_start(LayoutRawBlock* start) { _start = start; }
-  LayoutRawBlock* last_block() { return _last; }
+  LayoutRawBlock* last_block() const  { return _last; }
+  int super_first_field_offset() const { return _super_first_field_offset; }
+  int super_alignment() const { return _super_alignment; }
+  int super_min_align_required() const { return _super_min_align_required; }
+  int null_reset_value_offset() const {
+    assert(_null_reset_value_offset != -1, "Must have been set");
+    return _null_reset_value_offset;
+  }
+  int acmp_maps_offset() const {
+    assert(_acmp_maps_offset != -1, "Must have been set");
+    return _acmp_maps_offset;
+  }
+  bool super_has_nonstatic_fields() const { return _super_has_nonstatic_fields; }
+  bool has_inherited_fields() const { return _has_inherited_fields; }
 
   LayoutRawBlock* first_field_block();
   void add(GrowableArray<LayoutRawBlock*>* list, LayoutRawBlock* start = nullptr);
   void add_field_at_offset(LayoutRawBlock* blocks, int offset, LayoutRawBlock* start = nullptr);
   void add_contiguously(GrowableArray<LayoutRawBlock*>* list, LayoutRawBlock* start = nullptr);
   LayoutRawBlock* insert_field_block(LayoutRawBlock* slot, LayoutRawBlock* block);
-  void reconstruct_layout(const InstanceKlass* ik, bool& has_instance_fields, bool& ends_with_oop);
+  void reconstruct_layout(const InstanceKlass* ik, bool& has_nonstatic_fields, bool& ends_with_oop);
   void fill_holes(const InstanceKlass* ik);
   LayoutRawBlock* insert(LayoutRawBlock* slot, LayoutRawBlock* block);
   void remove(LayoutRawBlock* block);
-  void print(outputStream* output, bool is_static, const InstanceKlass* super);
+  void shift_fields(int shift);
+  LayoutRawBlock* find_null_marker();
+  void remove_null_marker();
+  void print(outputStream* output, bool is_static, const InstanceKlass* super, Array<InlineLayoutInfo>* inline_fields, bool dummy_field_is_reused_as_null_marker);
 };
 
 
 // FieldLayoutBuilder is the main entry point for layout computation.
-// This class has three methods to generate layout: one for regular classes
-// and two for classes with hard coded offsets (java,lang.ref.Reference
-// and the boxing classes). The rationale for having multiple methods
-// is that each kind of class has a different set goals regarding
-// its layout, so instead of mixing several layout strategies into a
+// This class has two methods to generate layout: one for identity classes
+// and one for inline classes. The rationale for having two methods
+// is that each kind of class has a different set of goals regarding
+// its layout, so instead of mixing two layout strategies into a
 // single method, each kind has its own method (see comments below
 // for more details about the allocation strategies).
 //
@@ -218,45 +267,86 @@ class FieldLayout : public ResourceObj {
 //       static field size, non-static field size, etc.)
 //
 //  Steps 1 and 4 are common to all layout computations. Step 2 and 3
-//  can vary with the allocation strategy.
+//  differ for inline classes and identity classes.
 //
 class FieldLayoutBuilder : public ResourceObj {
- private:
 
+ private:
   const Symbol* _classname;
+  ClassLoaderData* _loader_data;
   const InstanceKlass* _super_klass;
   ConstantPool* _constant_pool;
   GrowableArray<FieldInfo>* _field_info;
   FieldLayoutInfo* _info;
+  Array<InlineLayoutInfo>* _inline_layout_info_array;
   FieldGroup* _root_group;
   GrowableArray<FieldGroup*> _contended_groups;
   FieldGroup* _static_fields;
   FieldLayout* _layout;
   FieldLayout* _static_layout;
+  GrowableArray<AcmpMapSegment>* _nonoop_acmp_map;
+  GrowableArray<int>* _oop_acmp_map;
   int _nonstatic_oopmap_count;
-  int _alignment;
+  int _payload_alignment;
+  int _payload_offset;
+  int _null_marker_offset; // if any, -1 means no internal null marker
+  int _payload_size_in_bytes;
+  int _null_free_non_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes;
+  int _null_free_non_atomic_layout_alignment;
+  int _null_free_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes;
+  int _nullable_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes;
+  int _nullable_non_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes;
+  int _fields_size_sum;
+  int _declared_nonstatic_fields_count;
+  int _flattening_budget;
+  bool _has_non_naturally_atomic_fields;
+  bool _is_naturally_atomic;
+  bool _must_be_atomic;
   bool _has_nonstatic_fields;
-  bool _is_contended; // is a contended class?
+  bool _has_inlineable_fields;
+  bool _has_inlined_fields;
+  bool _is_contended;
   bool _super_ends_with_oop;
+  bool _is_inline_type;
+  bool _is_abstract_value;
+  bool _is_empty_inline_class;
+
+  FieldGroup* get_or_create_contended_group(int g);
 
  public:
-  FieldLayoutBuilder(const Symbol* classname, const InstanceKlass* super_klass, ConstantPool* constant_pool,
-                     GrowableArray<FieldInfo>* field_info, bool is_contended, FieldLayoutInfo* info);
+  FieldLayoutBuilder(const Symbol* classname, ClassLoaderData* loader_data, const InstanceKlass* super_klass, ConstantPool* constant_pool,
+                     GrowableArray<FieldInfo>* field_info, bool is_contended, bool is_inline_type, bool is_abstract_value,
+                     bool must_be_atomic, FieldLayoutInfo* info, Array<InlineLayoutInfo>* inline_layout_info_array);
 
-  int get_alignment() {
-    assert(_alignment != -1, "Uninitialized");
-    return _alignment;
-  }
+  int  payload_offset() const                  { assert(_payload_offset != -1, "Uninitialized"); return _payload_offset; }
+  int  payload_layout_size_in_bytes() const    { return _payload_size_in_bytes; }
+  int  payload_layout_alignment() const        { assert(_payload_alignment != -1, "Uninitialized"); return _payload_alignment; }
+  bool has_null_free_non_atomic_flat_layout() const      { return _null_free_non_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes != -1; }
+  int  null_free_non_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes() const { return _null_free_non_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes; }
+  int  null_free_non_atomic_layout_alignment() const     { return _null_free_non_atomic_layout_alignment; }
+  bool has_null_free_atomic_layout() const               { return _null_free_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes != -1; }
+  int  null_free_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes() const     { return _null_free_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes; }
+  bool has_nullable_atomic_layout() const      { return _nullable_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes != -1; }
+  int  nullable_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes() const { return _nullable_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes; }
+  bool has_nullable_non_atomic_layout() const  { return _nullable_non_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes != -1; }
+  int  nullable_non_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes() const { return _nullable_non_atomic_layout_size_in_bytes; }
+  int  null_marker_offset() const              { return _null_marker_offset; }
+  bool is_empty_inline_class() const           { return _is_empty_inline_class; }
 
   void build_layout();
   void compute_regular_layout();
+  void compute_inline_class_layout();
   LayoutRawBlock* insert_contended_padding(LayoutRawBlock* slot);
 
- private:
+ protected:
   void prologue();
   void epilogue();
   void regular_field_sorting();
-  FieldGroup* get_or_create_contended_group(int g);
+  void inline_class_field_sorting();
+  void add_flat_field_oopmap(OopMapBlocksBuilder* nonstatic_oop_map, InlineKlass* vk, int offset);
+  void register_embedded_oops_from_list(OopMapBlocksBuilder* nonstatic_oop_maps, GrowableArray<LayoutRawBlock*>* list);
+  void register_embedded_oops(OopMapBlocksBuilder* nonstatic_oop_maps, FieldGroup* group);
+  void generate_acmp_maps();
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_CLASSFILE_FIELDLAYOUTBUILDER_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.cpp
index c659018dacb..16b9dadee2e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.cpp
@@ -52,8 +52,10 @@
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "oops/fieldInfo.hpp"
 #include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp"
-#include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
@@ -61,6 +63,7 @@
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/recordComponent.hpp"
+#include "oops/refArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/symbol.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
@@ -1096,6 +1099,8 @@ void java_lang_Class::allocate_mirror(Klass* k, bool is_scratch, Handle protecti
 
   // It might also have a component mirror.  This mirror must already exist.
   if (k->is_array_klass()) {
+    assert(!k->is_refined_objArray_klass(), "Should not be called with the refined array klasses");
+
     // The Java code for array classes gets the access flags from the element type.
     set_raw_access_flags(mirror(), 0);
     if (k->is_typeArray_klass()) {
@@ -1106,7 +1111,7 @@ void java_lang_Class::allocate_mirror(Klass* k, bool is_scratch, Handle protecti
         comp_mirror = Handle(THREAD, Universe::java_mirror(type));
       }
     } else {
-      assert(k->is_objArray_klass(), "Must be");
+      assert(k->is_unrefined_objArray_klass(), "Must be");
       Klass* element_klass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(k)->element_klass();
       assert(element_klass != nullptr, "Must have an element klass");
       if (is_scratch) {
@@ -1143,10 +1148,18 @@ void java_lang_Class::create_mirror(Klass* k, Handle class_loader,
                                     Handle classData, TRAPS) {
   assert(k != nullptr, "Use create_basic_type_mirror for primitive types");
   assert(k->java_mirror() == nullptr, "should only assign mirror once");
-
   // Class_klass has to be loaded because it is used to allocate
   // the mirror.
   if (vmClasses::Class_klass_is_loaded()) {
+
+    if (k->is_refined_objArray_klass()) {
+      Klass* super_klass = k->super();
+      assert(super_klass != nullptr, "Must be");
+      Handle mirror(THREAD, super_klass->java_mirror());
+      k->set_java_mirror(mirror);
+      return;
+    }
+
     Handle mirror;
     Handle comp_mirror;
 
@@ -1169,6 +1182,7 @@ void java_lang_Class::create_mirror(Klass* k, Handle class_loader,
       // concurrently doesn't expect a k to have a null java_mirror.
       release_set_array_klass(comp_mirror(), k);
     }
+
     if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap()) {
       create_scratch_mirror(k, CHECK);
     }
@@ -1233,16 +1247,20 @@ bool java_lang_Class::restore_archived_mirror(Klass *k,
 
   // mirror is archived, restore
   log_debug(aot, mirror)("Archived mirror is: " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(m));
-  assert(as_Klass(m) == k, "must be");
   Handle mirror(THREAD, m);
 
   if (!k->is_array_klass()) {
+    assert(as_Klass(m) == k, "must be");
     // - local static final fields with initial values were initialized at dump time
     assert(init_lock(mirror()) != nullptr, "allocated during AOT assembly");
 
     if (protection_domain.not_null()) {
       set_protection_domain(mirror(), protection_domain());
     }
+  } else if (k->is_objArray_klass()) {
+    ObjArrayKlass* objarray_k = (ObjArrayKlass*)as_Klass(m);
+    // Mirror should be restored for an ObjArrayKlass or one of its refined array klasses
+    assert(objarray_k == k || objarray_k->find_refined_array_klass((ObjArrayKlass*)k), "must be");
   }
 
   assert(class_loader() == k->class_loader(), "should be same");
@@ -1260,7 +1278,7 @@ bool java_lang_Class::restore_archived_mirror(Klass *k,
         "Restored %s archived mirror " PTR_FORMAT, k->external_name(), p2i(mirror()));
   }
 
-  if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap()) {
+  if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap() && (!k->is_refined_objArray_klass())) {
     create_scratch_mirror(k, CHECK_(false));
   }
 
@@ -1379,7 +1397,6 @@ void java_lang_Class::set_is_primitive(oop java_class) {
   java_class->bool_field_put(_is_primitive_offset, true);
 }
 
-
 oop java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror(const char* basic_type_name, BasicType type, TRAPS) {
   // Mirrors for basic types have a null klass field, which makes them special.
   oop java_class = InstanceMirrorKlass::cast(vmClasses::Class_klass())->allocate_instance(nullptr, CHECK_NULL);
@@ -1478,6 +1495,7 @@ Klass* java_lang_Class::array_klass_acquire(oop java_class) {
 
 void java_lang_Class::release_set_array_klass(oop java_class, Klass* klass) {
   assert(klass->is_klass() && klass->is_array_klass(), "should be array klass");
+  assert(!klass->is_refined_objArray_klass(), "should not be ref or flat array klass");
   java_class->release_metadata_field_put(_array_klass_offset, klass);
 }
 
@@ -1987,7 +2005,7 @@ oop java_lang_Thread::async_get_stack_trace(jobject jthread, TRAPS) {
   if (k->should_be_initialized()) {
     k->initialize(CHECK_NULL);
   }
-  objArrayHandle trace = oopFactory::new_objArray_handle(k, gsthc._depth, CHECK_NULL);
+  refArrayHandle trace = oopFactory::new_refArray_handle(k, gsthc._depth, CHECK_NULL);
 
   for (int i = 0; i < gsthc._depth; i++) {
     methodHandle method(THREAD, gsthc._methods.at(i));
@@ -2278,12 +2296,12 @@ oop java_lang_Throwable::unassigned_stacktrace() {
   return base->obj_field(_static_unassigned_stacktrace_offset);
 }
 
-oop java_lang_Throwable::backtrace(oop throwable) {
-  return throwable->obj_field_acquire(_backtrace_offset);
+refArrayOop java_lang_Throwable::backtrace(oop throwable) {
+  return (refArrayOop)throwable->obj_field_acquire(_backtrace_offset);
 }
 
 
-void java_lang_Throwable::set_backtrace(oop throwable, oop value) {
+void java_lang_Throwable::set_backtrace(oop throwable, refArrayOop value) {
   throwable->release_obj_field_put(_backtrace_offset, value);
 }
 
@@ -2353,11 +2371,11 @@ static inline bool version_matches(Method* method, int version) {
 class BacktraceBuilder: public StackObj {
  friend class BacktraceIterator;
  private:
-  Handle          _backtrace;
-  objArrayOop     _head;
+  refArrayHandle  _backtrace;
+  refArrayOop     _head;
   typeArrayOop    _methods;
   typeArrayOop    _bcis;
-  objArrayOop     _mirrors;
+  refArrayOop     _mirrors;
   typeArrayOop    _names; // Needed to insulate method name against redefinition.
   // True if the top frame of the backtrace is omitted because it shall be hidden.
   bool            _has_hidden_top_frame;
@@ -2377,27 +2395,27 @@ class BacktraceBuilder: public StackObj {
   };
 
   // get info out of chunks
-  static typeArrayOop get_methods(objArrayHandle chunk) {
+  static typeArrayOop get_methods(refArrayHandle chunk) {
     typeArrayOop methods = typeArrayOop(chunk->obj_at(trace_methods_offset));
     assert(methods != nullptr, "method array should be initialized in backtrace");
     return methods;
   }
-  static typeArrayOop get_bcis(objArrayHandle chunk) {
+  static typeArrayOop get_bcis(refArrayHandle chunk) {
     typeArrayOop bcis = typeArrayOop(chunk->obj_at(trace_bcis_offset));
     assert(bcis != nullptr, "bci array should be initialized in backtrace");
     return bcis;
   }
-  static objArrayOop get_mirrors(objArrayHandle chunk) {
-    objArrayOop mirrors = objArrayOop(chunk->obj_at(trace_mirrors_offset));
+  static refArrayOop get_mirrors(refArrayHandle chunk) {
+    refArrayOop mirrors = refArrayOop(chunk->obj_at(trace_mirrors_offset));
     assert(mirrors != nullptr, "mirror array should be initialized in backtrace");
     return mirrors;
   }
-  static typeArrayOop get_names(objArrayHandle chunk) {
+  static typeArrayOop get_names(refArrayHandle chunk) {
     typeArrayOop names = typeArrayOop(chunk->obj_at(trace_names_offset));
     assert(names != nullptr, "names array should be initialized in backtrace");
     return names;
   }
-  static bool has_hidden_top_frame(objArrayHandle chunk) {
+  static bool has_hidden_top_frame(refArrayHandle chunk) {
     oop hidden = chunk->obj_at(trace_hidden_offset);
     return hidden != nullptr;
   }
@@ -2407,11 +2425,11 @@ class BacktraceBuilder: public StackObj {
   // constructor for new backtrace
   BacktraceBuilder(TRAPS): _head(nullptr), _methods(nullptr), _bcis(nullptr), _mirrors(nullptr), _names(nullptr), _has_hidden_top_frame(false) {
     expand(CHECK);
-    _backtrace = Handle(THREAD, _head);
+    _backtrace = refArrayHandle(THREAD, _head);
     _index = 0;
   }
 
-  BacktraceBuilder(Thread* thread, objArrayHandle backtrace) {
+  BacktraceBuilder(Thread* thread, refArrayHandle backtrace) {
     _methods = get_methods(backtrace);
     _bcis = get_bcis(backtrace);
     _mirrors = get_mirrors(backtrace);
@@ -2424,16 +2442,16 @@ class BacktraceBuilder: public StackObj {
 
     // head is the preallocated backtrace
     _head = backtrace();
-    _backtrace = Handle(thread, _head);
+    _backtrace = refArrayHandle(thread, _head);
     _index = 0;
   }
 
   void expand(TRAPS) {
-    objArrayHandle old_head(THREAD, _head);
+    refArrayHandle old_head(THREAD, _head);
     PauseNoSafepointVerifier pnsv(&_nsv);
 
-    objArrayOop head = oopFactory::new_objectArray(trace_size, CHECK);
-    objArrayHandle new_head(THREAD, head);
+    refArrayOop head = oopFactory::new_objectArray(trace_size, CHECK);
+    refArrayHandle new_head(THREAD, head);
 
     typeArrayOop methods = oopFactory::new_shortArray(trace_chunk_size, CHECK);
     typeArrayHandle new_methods(THREAD, methods);
@@ -2441,8 +2459,8 @@ class BacktraceBuilder: public StackObj {
     typeArrayOop bcis = oopFactory::new_intArray(trace_chunk_size, CHECK);
     typeArrayHandle new_bcis(THREAD, bcis);
 
-    objArrayOop mirrors = oopFactory::new_objectArray(trace_chunk_size, CHECK);
-    objArrayHandle new_mirrors(THREAD, mirrors);
+    refArrayOop mirrors = oopFactory::new_objectArray(trace_chunk_size, CHECK);
+    refArrayHandle new_mirrors(THREAD, mirrors);
 
     typeArrayOop names = oopFactory::new_symbolArray(trace_chunk_size, CHECK);
     typeArrayHandle new_names(THREAD, names);
@@ -2464,7 +2482,7 @@ class BacktraceBuilder: public StackObj {
     _index = 0;
   }
 
-  oop backtrace() {
+  refArrayOop backtrace() {
     return _backtrace();
   }
 
@@ -2522,25 +2540,25 @@ struct BacktraceElement : public StackObj {
 
 class BacktraceIterator : public StackObj {
   int _index;
-  objArrayHandle  _result;
-  objArrayHandle  _mirrors;
+  refArrayHandle  _result;
+  refArrayHandle  _mirrors;
   typeArrayHandle _methods;
   typeArrayHandle _bcis;
   typeArrayHandle _names;
 
-  void init(objArrayHandle result, Thread* thread) {
+  void init(refArrayHandle result, Thread* thread) {
     // Get method id, bci, version and mirror from chunk
     _result = result;
     if (_result.not_null()) {
       _methods = typeArrayHandle(thread, BacktraceBuilder::get_methods(_result));
       _bcis = typeArrayHandle(thread, BacktraceBuilder::get_bcis(_result));
-      _mirrors = objArrayHandle(thread, BacktraceBuilder::get_mirrors(_result));
+      _mirrors = refArrayHandle(thread, BacktraceBuilder::get_mirrors(_result));
       _names = typeArrayHandle(thread, BacktraceBuilder::get_names(_result));
       _index = 0;
     }
   }
  public:
-  BacktraceIterator(objArrayHandle result, Thread* thread) {
+  BacktraceIterator(refArrayHandle result, Thread* thread) {
     init(result, thread);
     assert(_methods.is_null() || _methods->length() == java_lang_Throwable::trace_chunk_size, "lengths don't match");
   }
@@ -2556,7 +2574,7 @@ class BacktraceIterator : public StackObj {
     if (_index >= java_lang_Throwable::trace_chunk_size) {
       int next_offset = java_lang_Throwable::trace_next_offset;
       // Get next chunk
-      objArrayHandle result (thread, objArrayOop(_result->obj_at(next_offset)));
+      refArrayHandle result (thread, refArrayOop(_result->obj_at(next_offset)));
       init(result, thread);
     }
     return e;
@@ -2647,7 +2665,7 @@ void java_lang_Throwable::print_stack_trace(Handle throwable, outputStream* st)
   // Now print the stack trace.
   JavaThread* THREAD = JavaThread::current(); // For exception macros.
   while (throwable.not_null()) {
-    objArrayHandle result (THREAD, objArrayOop(backtrace(throwable())));
+    refArrayHandle result (THREAD, backtrace(throwable()));
     if (result.is_null()) {
       st->print_raw_cr("\t<<no stack trace available>>");
       return;
@@ -2831,7 +2849,7 @@ void java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace(Handle throwable, const methodHand
 
       // skip <init> methods of the exception class and superclasses
       // This is similar to classic VM.
-      if (method->name() == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name() &&
+      if (method->is_object_constructor() &&
           throwable->is_a(method->method_holder())) {
         continue;
       } else {
@@ -2900,7 +2918,7 @@ void java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace_of_preallocated_backtrace(Handle t
 
   JavaThread* THREAD = JavaThread::current(); // For exception macros.
 
-  objArrayHandle backtrace (THREAD, (objArrayOop)java_lang_Throwable::backtrace(throwable()));
+  refArrayHandle backtrace(THREAD, java_lang_Throwable::backtrace(throwable()));
   assert(backtrace.not_null(), "backtrace should have been preallocated");
 
   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
@@ -2929,19 +2947,19 @@ void java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace_of_preallocated_backtrace(Handle t
 }
 
 void java_lang_Throwable::get_stack_trace_elements(int depth, Handle backtrace,
-                                                   objArrayHandle stack_trace_array_h, TRAPS) {
+                                                   refArrayHandle stack_trace_array_h, TRAPS) {
 
   if (backtrace.is_null() || stack_trace_array_h.is_null()) {
     THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
   }
 
-  assert(stack_trace_array_h->is_objArray(), "Stack trace array should be an array of StackTraceElenent");
+  assert(stack_trace_array_h->is_refArray(), "Stack trace array should be an array of StackTraceElement");
 
   if (stack_trace_array_h->length() != depth) {
     THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_IndexOutOfBoundsException());
   }
 
-  objArrayHandle result(THREAD, objArrayOop(backtrace()));
+  refArrayHandle result(THREAD, refArrayOop(backtrace()));
   BacktraceIterator iter(result, THREAD);
 
   int index = 0;
@@ -3025,14 +3043,14 @@ Handle java_lang_Throwable::create_initialization_error(JavaThread* current, Han
 
 bool java_lang_Throwable::get_top_method_and_bci(oop throwable, Method** method, int* bci) {
   JavaThread* current = JavaThread::current();
-  objArrayHandle result(current, objArrayOop(backtrace(throwable)));
+  refArrayHandle result(current, backtrace(throwable));
   BacktraceIterator iter(result, current);
   // No backtrace available.
   if (!iter.repeat()) return false;
 
   // If the exception happened in a frame that has been hidden, i.e.,
   // omitted from the back trace, we can not compute the message.
-  oop hidden = ((objArrayOop)backtrace(throwable))->obj_at(trace_hidden_offset);
+  oop hidden = backtrace(throwable)->obj_at(trace_hidden_offset);
   if (hidden != nullptr) {
     return false;
   }
@@ -3173,8 +3191,8 @@ void java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) {
 
 static int get_flags(const methodHandle& m) {
   int flags = m->access_flags().as_method_flags();
-  if (m->is_object_initializer()) {
-    flags |= java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_IS_CONSTRUCTOR;
+  if (m->is_object_constructor()) {
+    flags |= java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_IS_OBJECT_CONSTRUCTOR;
   } else {
     // Note: Static initializers can be here. Record them as plain methods.
     flags |= java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_IS_METHOD;
@@ -3565,7 +3583,7 @@ int java_lang_reflect_Field::_name_offset;
 int java_lang_reflect_Field::_type_offset;
 int java_lang_reflect_Field::_slot_offset;
 int java_lang_reflect_Field::_modifiers_offset;
-int java_lang_reflect_Field::_trusted_final_offset;
+int java_lang_reflect_Field::_flags_offset;
 int java_lang_reflect_Field::_signature_offset;
 int java_lang_reflect_Field::_annotations_offset;
 JFR_ONLY(int java_lang_reflect_Field::_jfr_epoch_offset;)
@@ -3576,7 +3594,7 @@ JFR_ONLY(int java_lang_reflect_Field::_jfr_epoch_offset;)
   macro(_type_offset,      k, vmSymbols::type_name(),      class_signature,  false); \
   macro(_slot_offset,      k, vmSymbols::slot_name(),      int_signature,    false); \
   macro(_modifiers_offset, k, vmSymbols::modifiers_name(), int_signature,    false); \
-  macro(_trusted_final_offset,    k, vmSymbols::trusted_final_name(),    bool_signature,       false); \
+  macro(_flags_offset,     k, vmSymbols::flags_name(),     int_signature,    false); \
   macro(_signature_offset,        k, vmSymbols::signature_name(),        string_signature,     false); \
   macro(_annotations_offset,      k, vmSymbols::annotations_name(),      byte_array_signature, false);
 
@@ -3643,8 +3661,8 @@ void java_lang_reflect_Field::set_modifiers(oop field, int value) {
   field->int_field_put(_modifiers_offset, value);
 }
 
-void java_lang_reflect_Field::set_trusted_final(oop field) {
-  field->bool_field_put(_trusted_final_offset, true);
+void java_lang_reflect_Field::set_flags(oop field, int value) {
+  field->int_field_put(_flags_offset, value);
 }
 
 void java_lang_reflect_Field::set_signature(oop field, oop value) {
@@ -3950,21 +3968,30 @@ bool java_lang_ref_Reference::is_referent_field(oop obj, ptrdiff_t offset) {
   return is_reference;
 }
 
-int java_lang_boxing_object::_value_offset;
-int java_lang_boxing_object::_long_value_offset;
+int* java_lang_boxing_object::_offsets;
 
-#define BOXING_FIELDS_DO(macro) \
-  macro(_value_offset,      integerKlass, "value", int_signature, false); \
-  macro(_long_value_offset, longKlass, "value", long_signature, false);
+#define BOXING_FIELDS_DO(macro)                                                                                                    \
+  macro(java_lang_boxing_object::_offsets[T_BOOLEAN - T_BOOLEAN], vmClasses::Boolean_klass(),   "value", bool_signature,   false); \
+  macro(java_lang_boxing_object::_offsets[T_CHAR - T_BOOLEAN],    vmClasses::Character_klass(), "value", char_signature,   false); \
+  macro(java_lang_boxing_object::_offsets[T_FLOAT - T_BOOLEAN],   vmClasses::Float_klass(),     "value", float_signature,  false); \
+  macro(java_lang_boxing_object::_offsets[T_DOUBLE - T_BOOLEAN],  vmClasses::Double_klass(),    "value", double_signature, false); \
+  macro(java_lang_boxing_object::_offsets[T_BYTE - T_BOOLEAN],    vmClasses::Byte_klass(),      "value", byte_signature,   false); \
+  macro(java_lang_boxing_object::_offsets[T_SHORT - T_BOOLEAN],   vmClasses::Short_klass(),     "value", short_signature,  false); \
+  macro(java_lang_boxing_object::_offsets[T_INT - T_BOOLEAN],     vmClasses::Integer_klass(),   "value", int_signature,    false); \
+  macro(java_lang_boxing_object::_offsets[T_LONG - T_BOOLEAN],    vmClasses::Long_klass(),      "value", long_signature,   false);
 
 void java_lang_boxing_object::compute_offsets() {
-  InstanceKlass* integerKlass = vmClasses::Integer_klass();
-  InstanceKlass* longKlass = vmClasses::Long_klass();
+  assert(T_LONG - T_BOOLEAN == 7, "Sanity check");
+  java_lang_boxing_object::_offsets = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(int, 8, mtInternal);
   BOXING_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_COMPUTE_OFFSET);
 }
 
 #if INCLUDE_CDS
 void java_lang_boxing_object::serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) {
+  if (f->reading()) {
+    assert(T_LONG - T_BOOLEAN == 7, "Sanity check");
+    java_lang_boxing_object::_offsets = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(int, 8, mtInternal);
+  }
   BOXING_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_SERIALIZE_OFFSET);
 }
 #endif
@@ -3985,28 +4012,28 @@ oop java_lang_boxing_object::create(BasicType type, jvalue* value, TRAPS) {
   if (box == nullptr)  return nullptr;
   switch (type) {
     case T_BOOLEAN:
-      box->bool_field_put(_value_offset, value->z);
+      box->bool_field_put(value_offset(type), value->z);
       break;
     case T_CHAR:
-      box->char_field_put(_value_offset, value->c);
+      box->char_field_put(value_offset(type), value->c);
       break;
     case T_FLOAT:
-      box->float_field_put(_value_offset, value->f);
+      box->float_field_put(value_offset(type), value->f);
       break;
     case T_DOUBLE:
-      box->double_field_put(_long_value_offset, value->d);
+      box->double_field_put(value_offset(type), value->d);
       break;
     case T_BYTE:
-      box->byte_field_put(_value_offset, value->b);
+      box->byte_field_put(value_offset(type), value->b);
       break;
     case T_SHORT:
-      box->short_field_put(_value_offset, value->s);
+      box->short_field_put(value_offset(type), value->s);
       break;
     case T_INT:
-      box->int_field_put(_value_offset, value->i);
+      box->int_field_put(value_offset(type), value->i);
       break;
     case T_LONG:
-      box->long_field_put(_long_value_offset, value->j);
+      box->long_field_put(value_offset(type), value->j);
       break;
     default:
       return nullptr;
@@ -4028,28 +4055,28 @@ BasicType java_lang_boxing_object::get_value(oop box, jvalue* value) {
   BasicType type = vmClasses::box_klass_type(box->klass());
   switch (type) {
   case T_BOOLEAN:
-    value->z = box->bool_field(_value_offset);
+    value->z = box->bool_field(value_offset(type));
     break;
   case T_CHAR:
-    value->c = box->char_field(_value_offset);
+    value->c = box->char_field(value_offset(type));
     break;
   case T_FLOAT:
-    value->f = box->float_field(_value_offset);
+    value->f = box->float_field(value_offset(type));
     break;
   case T_DOUBLE:
-    value->d = box->double_field(_long_value_offset);
+    value->d = box->double_field(value_offset(type));
     break;
   case T_BYTE:
-    value->b = box->byte_field(_value_offset);
+    value->b = box->byte_field(value_offset(type));
     break;
   case T_SHORT:
-    value->s = box->short_field(_value_offset);
+    value->s = box->short_field(value_offset(type));
     break;
   case T_INT:
-    value->i = box->int_field(_value_offset);
+    value->i = box->int_field(value_offset(type));
     break;
   case T_LONG:
-    value->j = box->long_field(_long_value_offset);
+    value->j = box->long_field(value_offset(type));
     break;
   default:
     return T_ILLEGAL;
@@ -4062,28 +4089,28 @@ BasicType java_lang_boxing_object::set_value(oop box, jvalue* value) {
   BasicType type = vmClasses::box_klass_type(box->klass());
   switch (type) {
   case T_BOOLEAN:
-    box->bool_field_put(_value_offset, value->z);
+    box->bool_field_put(value_offset(type), value->z);
     break;
   case T_CHAR:
-    box->char_field_put(_value_offset, value->c);
+    box->char_field_put(value_offset(type), value->c);
     break;
   case T_FLOAT:
-    box->float_field_put(_value_offset, value->f);
+    box->float_field_put(value_offset(type), value->f);
     break;
   case T_DOUBLE:
-    box->double_field_put(_long_value_offset, value->d);
+    box->double_field_put(value_offset(type), value->d);
     break;
   case T_BYTE:
-    box->byte_field_put(_value_offset, value->b);
+    box->byte_field_put(value_offset(type), value->b);
     break;
   case T_SHORT:
-    box->short_field_put(_value_offset, value->s);
+    box->short_field_put(value_offset(type), value->s);
     break;
   case T_INT:
-    box->int_field_put(_value_offset, value->i);
+    box->int_field_put(value_offset(type), value->i);
     break;
   case T_LONG:
-    box->long_field_put(_long_value_offset, value->j);
+    box->long_field_put(value_offset(type), value->j);
     break;
   default:
     return T_ILLEGAL;
@@ -4311,16 +4338,16 @@ void jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure*
 }
 #endif
 
-objArrayOop jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::inputStorage(oop entry) {
-  return oop_cast<objArrayOop>(entry->obj_field(_inputStorage_offset));
+refArrayOop jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::inputStorage(oop entry) {
+  return oop_cast<refArrayOop>(entry->obj_field(_inputStorage_offset));
 }
 
-objArrayOop jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::outputStorage(oop entry) {
-  return oop_cast<objArrayOop>(entry->obj_field(_outputStorage_offset));
+refArrayOop jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::outputStorage(oop entry) {
+  return oop_cast<refArrayOop>(entry->obj_field(_outputStorage_offset));
 }
 
-objArrayOop jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::volatileStorage(oop entry) {
-  return oop_cast<objArrayOop>(entry->obj_field(_volatileStorage_offset));
+refArrayOop jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::volatileStorage(oop entry) {
+  return oop_cast<refArrayOop>(entry->obj_field(_volatileStorage_offset));
 }
 
 jint jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor::stackAlignment(oop entry) {
@@ -4403,12 +4430,12 @@ void jdk_internal_foreign_abi_CallConv::serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) {
 }
 #endif
 
-objArrayOop jdk_internal_foreign_abi_CallConv::argRegs(oop entry) {
-  return oop_cast<objArrayOop>(entry->obj_field(_argRegs_offset));
+refArrayOop jdk_internal_foreign_abi_CallConv::argRegs(oop entry) {
+  return oop_cast<refArrayOop>(entry->obj_field(_argRegs_offset));
 }
 
-objArrayOop jdk_internal_foreign_abi_CallConv::retRegs(oop entry) {
-  return oop_cast<objArrayOop>(entry->obj_field(_retRegs_offset));
+refArrayOop jdk_internal_foreign_abi_CallConv::retRegs(oop entry) {
+  return oop_cast<refArrayOop>(entry->obj_field(_retRegs_offset));
 }
 
 oop java_lang_invoke_MethodHandle::type(oop mh) {
@@ -4471,7 +4498,6 @@ void java_lang_invoke_MemberName::set_flags(oop mname, int flags) {
   mname->int_field_put(_flags_offset, flags);
 }
 
-
 // Return vmtarget from ResolvedMethodName method field through indirection
 Method* java_lang_invoke_MemberName::vmtarget(oop mname) {
   assert(is_instance(mname), "wrong type");
@@ -4481,7 +4507,7 @@ Method* java_lang_invoke_MemberName::vmtarget(oop mname) {
 
 bool java_lang_invoke_MemberName::is_method(oop mname) {
   assert(is_instance(mname), "must be MemberName");
-  return (flags(mname) & (MN_IS_METHOD | MN_IS_CONSTRUCTOR)) > 0;
+  return (flags(mname) & (MN_IS_METHOD | MN_IS_OBJECT_CONSTRUCTOR)) > 0;
 }
 
 void java_lang_invoke_MemberName::set_method(oop mname, oop resolved_method) {
@@ -4585,7 +4611,7 @@ void java_lang_invoke_MethodType::serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) {
 
 void java_lang_invoke_MethodType::print_signature(oop mt, outputStream* st) {
   st->print("(");
-  objArrayOop pts = ptypes(mt);
+  refArrayOop pts = ptypes(mt);
   if (pts != nullptr) {
     for (int i = 0, limit = pts->length(); i < limit; i++) {
       java_lang_Class::print_signature(pts->obj_at(i), st);
@@ -4636,9 +4662,9 @@ oop java_lang_invoke_MethodType::rtype(oop mt) {
   return mt->obj_field(_rtype_offset);
 }
 
-objArrayOop java_lang_invoke_MethodType::ptypes(oop mt) {
+refArrayOop java_lang_invoke_MethodType::ptypes(oop mt) {
   assert(is_instance(mt), "must be a MethodType");
-  return (objArrayOop) mt->obj_field(_ptypes_offset);
+  return (refArrayOop) mt->obj_field(_ptypes_offset);
 }
 
 oop java_lang_invoke_MethodType::ptype(oop mt, int idx) {
@@ -4650,7 +4676,7 @@ int java_lang_invoke_MethodType::ptype_count(oop mt) {
 }
 
 int java_lang_invoke_MethodType::ptype_slot_count(oop mt) {
-  objArrayOop pts = ptypes(mt);
+  refArrayOop pts = ptypes(mt);
   int count = pts->length();
   int slots = 0;
   for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
@@ -5075,9 +5101,9 @@ void java_lang_Integer_IntegerCache::compute_offsets(InstanceKlass *k) {
   INTEGER_CACHE_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_COMPUTE_OFFSET);
 }
 
-objArrayOop java_lang_Integer_IntegerCache::cache(InstanceKlass *ik) {
+refArrayOop java_lang_Integer_IntegerCache::cache(InstanceKlass *ik) {
   oop base = ik->static_field_base_raw();
-  return objArrayOop(base->obj_field(_static_cache_offset));
+  return refArrayOop(base->obj_field(_static_cache_offset));
 }
 
 Symbol* java_lang_Integer_IntegerCache::symbol() {
@@ -5099,9 +5125,9 @@ void java_lang_Long_LongCache::compute_offsets(InstanceKlass *k) {
   LONG_CACHE_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_COMPUTE_OFFSET);
 }
 
-objArrayOop java_lang_Long_LongCache::cache(InstanceKlass *ik) {
+refArrayOop java_lang_Long_LongCache::cache(InstanceKlass *ik) {
   oop base = ik->static_field_base_raw();
-  return objArrayOop(base->obj_field(_static_cache_offset));
+  return refArrayOop(base->obj_field(_static_cache_offset));
 }
 
 Symbol* java_lang_Long_LongCache::symbol() {
@@ -5123,9 +5149,9 @@ void java_lang_Character_CharacterCache::compute_offsets(InstanceKlass *k) {
   CHARACTER_CACHE_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_COMPUTE_OFFSET);
 }
 
-objArrayOop java_lang_Character_CharacterCache::cache(InstanceKlass *ik) {
+refArrayOop java_lang_Character_CharacterCache::cache(InstanceKlass *ik) {
   oop base = ik->static_field_base_raw();
-  return objArrayOop(base->obj_field(_static_cache_offset));
+  return refArrayOop(base->obj_field(_static_cache_offset));
 }
 
 Symbol* java_lang_Character_CharacterCache::symbol() {
@@ -5147,9 +5173,9 @@ void java_lang_Short_ShortCache::compute_offsets(InstanceKlass *k) {
   SHORT_CACHE_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_COMPUTE_OFFSET);
 }
 
-objArrayOop java_lang_Short_ShortCache::cache(InstanceKlass *ik) {
+refArrayOop java_lang_Short_ShortCache::cache(InstanceKlass *ik) {
   oop base = ik->static_field_base_raw();
-  return objArrayOop(base->obj_field(_static_cache_offset));
+  return refArrayOop(base->obj_field(_static_cache_offset));
 }
 
 Symbol* java_lang_Short_ShortCache::symbol() {
@@ -5171,9 +5197,9 @@ void java_lang_Byte_ByteCache::compute_offsets(InstanceKlass *k) {
   BYTE_CACHE_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_COMPUTE_OFFSET);
 }
 
-objArrayOop java_lang_Byte_ByteCache::cache(InstanceKlass *ik) {
+refArrayOop java_lang_Byte_ByteCache::cache(InstanceKlass *ik) {
   oop base = ik->static_field_base_raw();
-  return objArrayOop(base->obj_field(_static_cache_offset));
+  return refArrayOop(base->obj_field(_static_cache_offset));
 }
 
 Symbol* java_lang_Byte_ByteCache::symbol() {
@@ -5428,22 +5454,17 @@ bool JavaClasses::check_offset(const char *klass_name, int deserialized_offset,
 void JavaClasses::check_offsets() {
   bool valid = true;
 
-#define CHECK_OFFSET(klass_name, cpp_klass_name, field_name, field_sig) \
-  valid &= check_offset(klass_name, cpp_klass_name :: _##field_name ## _offset, #field_name, field_sig)
-
-#define CHECK_LONG_OFFSET(klass_name, cpp_klass_name, field_name, field_sig) \
-  valid &= check_offset(klass_name, cpp_klass_name :: _##long_ ## field_name ## _offset, #field_name, field_sig)
-
-  // Boxed primitive objects (java_lang_boxing_object)
-
-  CHECK_OFFSET("java/lang/Boolean",   java_lang_boxing_object, value, "Z");
-  CHECK_OFFSET("java/lang/Character", java_lang_boxing_object, value, "C");
-  CHECK_OFFSET("java/lang/Float",     java_lang_boxing_object, value, "F");
-  CHECK_LONG_OFFSET("java/lang/Double", java_lang_boxing_object, value, "D");
-  CHECK_OFFSET("java/lang/Byte",      java_lang_boxing_object, value, "B");
-  CHECK_OFFSET("java/lang/Short",     java_lang_boxing_object, value, "S");
-  CHECK_OFFSET("java/lang/Integer",   java_lang_boxing_object, value, "I");
-  CHECK_LONG_OFFSET("java/lang/Long", java_lang_boxing_object, value, "J");
+#define CHECK_OFFSET(klass_name, type, field_sig) \
+  valid &= check_offset(klass_name, java_lang_boxing_object::value_offset(type), "value", field_sig)
+
+  CHECK_OFFSET("java/lang/Boolean",   T_BOOLEAN, "Z");
+  CHECK_OFFSET("java/lang/Character", T_CHAR,    "C");
+  CHECK_OFFSET("java/lang/Float",     T_FLOAT,   "F");
+  CHECK_OFFSET("java/lang/Double",    T_DOUBLE,  "D");
+  CHECK_OFFSET("java/lang/Byte",      T_BYTE,    "B");
+  CHECK_OFFSET("java/lang/Short",     T_SHORT,   "S");
+  CHECK_OFFSET("java/lang/Integer",   T_INT,     "I");
+  CHECK_OFFSET("java/lang/Long",      T_LONG,    "J");
 
   if (!valid) vm_exit_during_initialization("Field offset verification failed");
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.hpp
index 04673e904de..ac5e3668bcf 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.hpp
@@ -320,6 +320,7 @@ class java_lang_Class : AllStatic {
   // compiler support for class operations
   static int klass_offset()                { CHECK_INIT(_klass_offset); }
   static int array_klass_offset()          { CHECK_INIT(_array_klass_offset); }
+
   // Support for classRedefinedCount field
   static int classRedefinedCount(oop the_class_mirror);
   static void set_classRedefinedCount(oop the_class_mirror, int value);
@@ -660,8 +661,8 @@ class java_lang_Throwable: AllStatic {
 
  public:
   // Backtrace
-  static oop backtrace(oop throwable);
-  static void set_backtrace(oop throwable, oop value);
+  static refArrayOop backtrace(oop throwable);
+  static void set_backtrace(oop throwable, refArrayOop value);
   static int depth(oop throwable);
   static void set_depth(oop throwable, int value);
   // Message
@@ -686,7 +687,7 @@ class java_lang_Throwable: AllStatic {
   static void fill_in_stack_trace(Handle throwable, const methodHandle& method = methodHandle());
 
   // Programmatic access to stack trace
-  static void get_stack_trace_elements(int depth, Handle backtrace, objArrayHandle stack_trace, TRAPS);
+  static void get_stack_trace_elements(int depth, Handle backtrace, refArrayHandle stack_trace, TRAPS);
 
   // For recreating class initialization error exceptions.
   static Handle create_initialization_error(JavaThread* current, Handle throwable);
@@ -834,7 +835,7 @@ class java_lang_reflect_Field : public java_lang_reflect_AccessibleObject {
   static int _type_offset;
   static int _slot_offset;
   static int _modifiers_offset;
-  static int _trusted_final_offset;
+  static int _flags_offset;
   static int _signature_offset;
   static int _annotations_offset;
   JFR_ONLY(static int _jfr_epoch_offset;)
@@ -863,7 +864,7 @@ class java_lang_reflect_Field : public java_lang_reflect_AccessibleObject {
   static int modifiers(oop field);
   static void set_modifiers(oop field, int value);
 
-  static void set_trusted_final(oop field);
+  static void set_flags(oop field, int value);
 
   static void set_signature(oop constructor, oop value);
   static void set_annotations(oop constructor, oop value);
@@ -988,8 +989,7 @@ class reflect_ConstantPool {
 
 class java_lang_boxing_object: AllStatic {
  private:
-  static int _value_offset;
-  static int _long_value_offset;
+  static int* _offsets;
 
   static void compute_offsets();
   static oop initialize_and_allocate(BasicType type, TRAPS);
@@ -1006,7 +1006,9 @@ class java_lang_boxing_object: AllStatic {
   static void print(BasicType type, jvalue* value, outputStream* st);
 
   static int value_offset(BasicType type) {
-    return is_double_word_type(type) ? _long_value_offset : _value_offset;
+    assert(type >= T_BOOLEAN && type <= T_LONG, "BasicType out of range");
+    assert(_offsets != nullptr, "Uninitialized offsets");
+    return _offsets[type - T_BOOLEAN];
   }
 
   static void serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f);
@@ -1206,9 +1208,9 @@ class jdk_internal_foreign_abi_ABIDescriptor: AllStatic {
   static void serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) NOT_CDS_RETURN;
 
   // Accessors
-  static objArrayOop inputStorage(oop entry);
-  static objArrayOop outputStorage(oop entry);
-  static objArrayOop volatileStorage(oop entry);
+  static refArrayOop inputStorage(oop entry);
+  static refArrayOop outputStorage(oop entry);
+  static refArrayOop volatileStorage(oop entry);
   static jint        stackAlignment(oop entry);
   static jint        shadowSpace(oop entry);
   static oop         scratch1(oop entry);
@@ -1256,8 +1258,8 @@ class jdk_internal_foreign_abi_CallConv: AllStatic {
   static void serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) NOT_CDS_RETURN;
 
   // Accessors
-  static objArrayOop argRegs(oop entry);
-  static objArrayOop retRegs(oop entry);
+  static refArrayOop argRegs(oop entry);
+  static refArrayOop retRegs(oop entry);
 
   // Testers
   static bool is_subclass(Klass* klass) {
@@ -1354,14 +1356,17 @@ class java_lang_invoke_MemberName: AllStatic {
   // Relevant integer codes (keep these in synch. with MethodHandleNatives.Constants):
   enum {
     MN_IS_METHOD             = 0x00010000, // method (not constructor)
-    MN_IS_CONSTRUCTOR        = 0x00020000, // constructor
+    MN_IS_OBJECT_CONSTRUCTOR = 0x00020000, // constructor
     MN_IS_FIELD              = 0x00040000, // field
     MN_IS_TYPE               = 0x00080000, // nested type
     MN_CALLER_SENSITIVE      = 0x00100000, // @CallerSensitive annotation detected
     MN_TRUSTED_FINAL         = 0x00200000, // trusted final field
     MN_HIDDEN_MEMBER         = 0x00400000, // @Hidden annotation detected
+    MN_NULL_RESTRICTED_FIELD = 0x00800000, // null-restricted field
     MN_REFERENCE_KIND_SHIFT  = 24, // refKind
-    MN_REFERENCE_KIND_MASK   = 0x0F000000 >> MN_REFERENCE_KIND_SHIFT,
+    MN_REFERENCE_KIND_MASK   = 0x0F000000 >> MN_REFERENCE_KIND_SHIFT, // 4 bits
+    MN_LAYOUT_SHIFT          = 28, // field layout
+    MN_LAYOUT_MASK           = 0x70000000 >> MN_LAYOUT_SHIFT, // 3 bits
     MN_NESTMATE_CLASS        = 0x00000001,
     MN_HIDDEN_CLASS          = 0x00000002,
     MN_STRONG_LOADER_LINK    = 0x00000004,
@@ -1396,7 +1401,7 @@ class java_lang_invoke_MethodType: AllStatic {
   static void serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) NOT_CDS_RETURN;
   // Accessors
   static oop            rtype(oop mt);
-  static objArrayOop    ptypes(oop mt);
+  static refArrayOop    ptypes(oop mt);
 
   static oop            ptype(oop mt, int index);
   static int            ptype_count(oop mt);
@@ -1789,7 +1794,7 @@ class java_lang_Integer_IntegerCache : AllStatic {
  public:
   static Symbol* symbol();
   static void compute_offsets(InstanceKlass* k);
-  static objArrayOop  cache(InstanceKlass *k);
+  static refArrayOop  cache(InstanceKlass *k);
   static void serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) NOT_CDS_RETURN;
 };
 
@@ -1799,7 +1804,7 @@ class java_lang_Long_LongCache : AllStatic {
  public:
   static Symbol* symbol();
   static void compute_offsets(InstanceKlass* k);
-  static objArrayOop  cache(InstanceKlass *k);
+  static refArrayOop  cache(InstanceKlass *k);
   static void serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) NOT_CDS_RETURN;
 };
 
@@ -1809,7 +1814,7 @@ class java_lang_Character_CharacterCache : AllStatic {
  public:
   static Symbol* symbol();
   static void compute_offsets(InstanceKlass* k);
-  static objArrayOop  cache(InstanceKlass *k);
+  static refArrayOop  cache(InstanceKlass *k);
   static void serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) NOT_CDS_RETURN;
 };
 
@@ -1819,7 +1824,7 @@ class java_lang_Short_ShortCache : AllStatic {
  public:
   static Symbol* symbol();
   static void compute_offsets(InstanceKlass* k);
-  static objArrayOop  cache(InstanceKlass *k);
+  static refArrayOop  cache(InstanceKlass *k);
   static void serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) NOT_CDS_RETURN;
 };
 
@@ -1829,11 +1834,10 @@ class java_lang_Byte_ByteCache : AllStatic {
  public:
   static Symbol* symbol();
   static void compute_offsets(InstanceKlass* k);
-  static objArrayOop  cache(InstanceKlass *k);
+  static refArrayOop  cache(InstanceKlass *k);
   static void serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) NOT_CDS_RETURN;
 };
 
-
 // Interface to java.lang.InternalError objects
 
 #define INTERNALERROR_INJECTED_FIELDS(macro)                      \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/modules.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/modules.cpp
index 2ab3078c1c3..4e6943084ad 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/modules.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/modules.cpp
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ static const char* as_internal_package(oop package_string, char* buf, size_t buf
 }
 
 static void define_javabase_module(Handle module_handle, jstring version, jstring location,
-                                   objArrayHandle pkgs, int num_packages, TRAPS) {
+                                   refArrayHandle pkgs, int num_packages, TRAPS) {
   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 
   // Obtain java.base's module version
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ void Modules::define_module(Handle module, jboolean is_open, jstring version,
   }
 
   // Resolve packages
-  objArrayHandle packages_h(THREAD, objArrayOop(JNIHandles::resolve(packages)));
+  refArrayHandle packages_h(THREAD, refArrayOop(JNIHandles::resolve(packages)));
   int num_packages = (packages_h.is_null() ? 0 : packages_h->length());
 
   // Special handling of java.base definition
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/placeholders.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/placeholders.cpp
index f4c381eafdf..fab090fd448 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/placeholders.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/placeholders.cpp
@@ -61,6 +61,8 @@ static InternalPlaceholderTable* _placeholders;
 // For DEFINE_CLASS, the head of the queue owns the
 // define token and the rest of the threads wait to return the
 // result the first thread gets.
+// For DETECT_CIRCULARITY, set when loading super class, interfaces, or inline type
+// fields for class circularity checking.
 class SeenThread: public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
 private:
    JavaThread* _thread;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapFrame.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapFrame.cpp
index 4b847894e02..0cf0f889e01 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapFrame.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapFrame.cpp
@@ -31,10 +31,10 @@
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 
-StackMapFrame::StackMapFrame(u2 max_locals, u2 max_stack, ClassVerifier* v) :
+StackMapFrame::StackMapFrame(u2 max_locals, u2 max_stack, AssertUnsetFieldTable* initial_strict_fields, ClassVerifier* v) :
                       _offset(0), _locals_size(0), _stack_size(0),
                       _stack_mark(0), _max_locals(max_locals),
-                      _max_stack(max_stack), _flags(0), _verifier(v) {
+                      _max_stack(max_stack), _flags(0), _assert_unset_fields(initial_strict_fields), _verifier(v) {
   Thread* thr = v->thread();
   _locals = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(thr, VerificationType, max_locals);
   _stack = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(thr, VerificationType, max_stack);
@@ -47,10 +47,51 @@ StackMapFrame::StackMapFrame(u2 max_locals, u2 max_stack, ClassVerifier* v) :
   }
 }
 
+void StackMapFrame::unsatisfied_strict_fields_error(InstanceKlass* klass, int bci) {
+  // Default these to `<Unknown>` as they will be replaced with the correct
+  // values by the `find_unset` lambda as we only call this code when
+  // an error has already been determined.  This just provides a safe
+  // obvious fallback value.
+  Symbol* name = vmSymbols::unknown_class_name();
+  Symbol* sig = vmSymbols::unknown_class_name();
+  int num_uninit_fields = 0;
+
+  auto find_unset = [&] (const NameAndSig& key, const bool& value) {
+    if (!value) {
+      name = key._name;
+      sig = key._signature;
+      num_uninit_fields++;
+    }
+  };
+  assert_unset_fields()->iterate_all(find_unset);
+
+  verifier()->verify_error(
+    ErrorContext::bad_strict_fields(bci, this),
+    "All strict final fields must be initialized before super(): %d field(s), %s:%s in %s",
+    num_uninit_fields,
+    name->as_C_string(),
+    sig->as_C_string(),
+    klass->name()->as_C_string()
+  );
+}
+
+void StackMapFrame::print_strict_fields(AssertUnsetFieldTable* table) {
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  auto printfields = [&] (const NameAndSig& key, const bool& value) {
+    log_info(verification)("Strict field: %s%s (Satisfied: %s)",
+                           key._name->as_C_string(),
+                           key._signature->as_C_string(),
+                           value ? "true" : "false");
+  };
+  table->iterate_all(printfields);
+}
+
 StackMapFrame* StackMapFrame::frame_in_exception_handler(u1 flags) {
   Thread* thr = _verifier->thread();
   VerificationType* stack = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(thr, VerificationType, 1);
-  StackMapFrame* frame = new StackMapFrame(_offset, flags, _locals_size, 0, _max_locals, _max_stack, _locals, stack, _verifier);
+  StackMapFrame* frame = new StackMapFrame(_offset, flags, _locals_size, 0,
+                                           _max_locals, _max_stack, _locals, stack,
+                                           _assert_unset_fields, _verifier);
   return frame;
 }
 
@@ -80,7 +121,7 @@ VerificationType StackMapFrame::set_locals_from_arg(
   if (!m->is_static()) {
     init_local_num++;
     // add one extra argument for instance method
-    if (m->name() == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name() &&
+    if (m->is_object_constructor() &&
        thisKlass.name() != vmSymbols::java_lang_Object()) {
       _locals[0] = VerificationType::uninitialized_this_type();
       _flags |= FLAG_THIS_UNINIT;
@@ -188,6 +229,16 @@ bool StackMapFrame::is_assignable_to(
     return false;
   }
 
+  // Check that assert unset fields are compatible
+  bool compatible = verify_unset_fields_compatibility(target->assert_unset_fields());
+  if (!compatible) {
+    print_strict_fields(assert_unset_fields());
+    print_strict_fields(target->assert_unset_fields());
+    *ctx = ErrorContext::strict_fields_mismatch(target->offset(),
+        (StackMapFrame*)this, (StackMapFrame*)target);
+    return false;
+  }
+
   if ((_flags | target->flags()) == target->flags()) {
     return true;
   } else {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapFrame.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapFrame.hpp
index 5958154dc50..a133c71af67 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapFrame.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapFrame.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -41,6 +41,21 @@ enum {
 };
 
 class StackMapFrame : public ResourceObj {
+ public:
+  static unsigned int nameandsig_hash(NameAndSig const& field) {
+    Symbol* name = field._name;
+    return (unsigned int) name->identity_hash();
+  }
+
+  static inline bool nameandsig_equals(NameAndSig const& f1, NameAndSig const& f2) {
+    return f1._name == f2._name &&
+           f1._signature == f2._signature;
+  }
+
+  // Maps a strict field's name and signature to whether or not it was initialized
+  typedef HashTable<NameAndSig, bool, 17,
+                    AnyObj::RESOURCE_AREA, mtInternal,
+                    nameandsig_hash, nameandsig_equals> AssertUnsetFieldTable;
  private:
   int32_t _offset;
 
@@ -60,6 +75,8 @@ class StackMapFrame : public ResourceObj {
   VerificationType* _locals; // local variable type array
   VerificationType* _stack;  // operand stack type array
 
+  AssertUnsetFieldTable* _assert_unset_fields; // List of unsatisfied strict fields in the basic block
+
   ClassVerifier* _verifier;  // the verifier verifying this method
 
   StackMapFrame(const StackMapFrame& cp) :
@@ -85,6 +102,7 @@ class StackMapFrame : public ResourceObj {
         _stack[i] = VerificationType::bogus_type();
       }
     }
+    _assert_unset_fields = cp._assert_unset_fields;
     _verifier = nullptr;
   }
 
@@ -94,7 +112,7 @@ class StackMapFrame : public ResourceObj {
   // This constructor is used by the type checker to allocate frames
   // in type state, which have _max_locals and _max_stack array elements
   // in _locals and _stack.
-  StackMapFrame(u2 max_locals, u2 max_stack, ClassVerifier* verifier);
+  StackMapFrame(u2 max_locals, u2 max_stack, AssertUnsetFieldTable* initial_strict_fields, ClassVerifier* verifier);
 
   // This constructor is used to initialize stackmap frames in stackmap table,
   // which have _locals_size and _stack_size array elements in _locals and _stack.
@@ -106,6 +124,7 @@ class StackMapFrame : public ResourceObj {
                 u2 max_stack,
                 VerificationType* locals,
                 VerificationType* stack,
+                AssertUnsetFieldTable* assert_unset_fields,
                 ClassVerifier* v) : _offset(offset),
                                     _locals_size(locals_size),
                                     _stack_size(stack_size),
@@ -113,6 +132,7 @@ class StackMapFrame : public ResourceObj {
                                     _max_locals(max_locals),
                                     _max_stack(max_stack),  _flags(flags),
                                     _locals(locals), _stack(stack),
+                                    _assert_unset_fields(assert_unset_fields),
                                     _verifier(v) { }
 
   static StackMapFrame* copy(StackMapFrame* smf) {
@@ -136,6 +156,69 @@ class StackMapFrame : public ResourceObj {
   inline u2 max_stack() const                 { return _max_stack; }
   inline bool flag_this_uninit() const        { return _flags & FLAG_THIS_UNINIT; }
 
+  AssertUnsetFieldTable* assert_unset_fields() const {
+    return _assert_unset_fields;
+  }
+
+  void set_assert_unset_fields(AssertUnsetFieldTable* table) {
+    _assert_unset_fields = table;
+  }
+
+  // Called when verifying putfields to mark strict instance fields as satisfied
+  bool satisfy_unset_field(Symbol* name, Symbol* signature) {
+    NameAndSig dummy_field(name, signature);
+
+    if (_assert_unset_fields->contains(dummy_field)) {
+      _assert_unset_fields->put(dummy_field, true);
+      return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Verify that all strict fields have been initialized
+  // Strict fields must be initialized before the super constructor is called
+  bool verify_unset_fields_satisfied() {
+    bool all_satisfied = true;
+    auto check_satisfied = [&] (const NameAndSig& key, const bool& value) {
+      all_satisfied &= value;
+    };
+    _assert_unset_fields->iterate_all(check_satisfied);
+    return all_satisfied;
+  }
+
+  // Merge incoming unset strict fields from StackMapTable with
+  // initial strict instance fields
+  AssertUnsetFieldTable* merge_unset_fields(AssertUnsetFieldTable* new_fields) {
+    auto merge_satisfied = [&] (const NameAndSig& key, const bool& value) {
+      if (!new_fields->contains(key)) {
+        new_fields->put(key, true);
+      }
+    };
+    _assert_unset_fields->iterate_all(merge_satisfied);
+    return new_fields;
+  }
+
+  // Verify that strict fields are compatible between the current frame and the successor
+  // Called during merging of frames
+  bool verify_unset_fields_compatibility(AssertUnsetFieldTable* target_table) const {
+    bool compatible = true;
+    auto is_unset = [&] (const NameAndSig& key, const bool& satisfied) {
+      // Successor must have same (or more) unsatisfied debts as current frame.
+      if (!satisfied) {
+        bool* target_satisfied = target_table->get(key);
+        guarantee(target_satisfied != nullptr, "Must be present");
+        if (*target_satisfied == true) {
+          compatible = false;
+        }
+      }
+    };
+    _assert_unset_fields->iterate_all(is_unset);
+    return compatible;
+  }
+
+  void unsatisfied_strict_fields_error(InstanceKlass* ik, int bci);
+  static void print_strict_fields(AssertUnsetFieldTable* table);
+
   // Set locals and stack types to bogus
   inline void reset() {
     int32_t i;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapTable.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapTable.cpp
index 85fb4de8686..3d15b4e2d28 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapTable.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapTable.cpp
@@ -127,6 +127,7 @@ bool StackMapTable::match_stackmap(
     frame->set_stack_size(ssize);
     frame->copy_stack(stackmap_frame);
     frame->set_flags(stackmap_frame->flags());
+    frame->set_assert_unset_fields(stackmap_frame->assert_unset_fields());
   }
   return result;
 }
@@ -165,11 +166,13 @@ void StackMapTable::print_on(outputStream* str) const {
 StackMapReader::StackMapReader(ClassVerifier* v, StackMapStream* stream,
                                char* code_data, int32_t code_len,
                                StackMapFrame* init_frame,
-                               u2 max_locals, u2 max_stack, TRAPS) :
+                               u2 max_locals, u2 max_stack,
+                               StackMapFrame::AssertUnsetFieldTable* initial_strict_fields, TRAPS) :
                                   _verifier(v), _stream(stream), _code_data(code_data),
                                   _code_length(code_len), _parsed_frame_count(0),
                                   _prev_frame(init_frame), _max_locals(max_locals),
-                                  _max_stack(max_stack), _first(true) {
+                                  _max_stack(max_stack), _assert_unset_fields_buffer(initial_strict_fields),
+                                  _first(true) {
   methodHandle m = v->method();
   if (m->has_stackmap_table()) {
     _cp = constantPoolHandle(THREAD, m->constants());
@@ -211,7 +214,8 @@ VerificationType StackMapReader::parse_verification_type(u1* flags, TRAPS) {
       _stream->stackmap_format_error("bad class index", THREAD);
       return VerificationType::bogus_type();
     }
-    return VerificationType::reference_type(_cp->klass_name_at(class_index));
+    Symbol* klass_name = _cp->klass_name_at(class_index);
+    return VerificationType::reference_type(klass_name);
   }
   if (tag == ITEM_UninitializedThis) {
     if (flags != nullptr) {
@@ -252,6 +256,63 @@ StackMapFrame* StackMapReader::next_helper(TRAPS) {
   int offset;
   VerificationType* locals = nullptr;
   u1 frame_type = _stream->get_u1(CHECK_NULL);
+  if (frame_type == EARLY_LARVAL) {
+    u2 num_unset_fields = _stream->get_u2(CHECK_NULL);
+    StackMapFrame::AssertUnsetFieldTable* new_fields = new StackMapFrame::AssertUnsetFieldTable();
+
+    for (u2 i = 0; i < num_unset_fields; i++) {
+      u2 index = _stream->get_u2(CHECK_NULL);
+
+      if (!_cp->is_within_bounds(index) || !_cp->tag_at(index).is_name_and_type()) {
+        _prev_frame->verifier()->verify_error(
+          ErrorContext::bad_strict_fields(_prev_frame->offset(), _prev_frame),
+          "Invalid constant pool index in early larval frame: %d", index);
+        return nullptr;
+      }
+
+      Symbol* name = _cp->symbol_at(_cp->name_ref_index_at(index));
+      Symbol* sig = _cp->symbol_at(_cp->signature_ref_index_at(index));
+      NameAndSig tmp(name, sig);
+
+      if (!_prev_frame->assert_unset_fields()->contains(tmp)) {
+        log_info(verification)("NameAndType %s%s(CP index: %d) is not found among initial strict instance fields", name->as_C_string(), sig->as_C_string(), index);
+        StackMapFrame::print_strict_fields(_prev_frame->assert_unset_fields());
+        _prev_frame->verifier()->verify_error(
+            ErrorContext::bad_strict_fields(_prev_frame->offset(), _prev_frame),
+            "Strict fields not a subset of initial strict instance fields: %s:%s", name->as_C_string(), sig->as_C_string());
+        return nullptr;
+      } else {
+        new_fields->put(tmp, false);
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Only modify strict instance fields if the frame has uninitialized this
+    if (_prev_frame->flag_this_uninit()) {
+      _assert_unset_fields_buffer = _prev_frame->merge_unset_fields(new_fields);
+    } else if (new_fields->number_of_entries() > 0) {
+      _prev_frame->verifier()->verify_error(
+        ErrorContext::bad_strict_fields(_prev_frame->offset(), _prev_frame),
+        "Cannot have uninitialized strict fields after class initialization");
+      return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    // Continue reading frame data
+    if (at_end()) {
+      _prev_frame->verifier()->verify_error(
+        ErrorContext::bad_strict_fields(_prev_frame->offset(), _prev_frame),
+        "Early larval frame must be followed by a base frame");
+      return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    frame_type = _stream->get_u1(CHECK_NULL);
+    if (frame_type == EARLY_LARVAL) {
+      _prev_frame->verifier()->verify_error(
+        ErrorContext::bad_strict_fields(_prev_frame->offset(), _prev_frame),
+        "Early larval frame must be followed by a base frame");
+      return nullptr;
+    }
+  }
+
   if (frame_type <= SAME_FRAME_END) {
     // same_frame
     if (_first) {
@@ -267,7 +328,8 @@ StackMapFrame* StackMapReader::next_helper(TRAPS) {
     }
     frame = new StackMapFrame(
       offset, _prev_frame->flags(), _prev_frame->locals_size(), 0,
-      _max_locals, _max_stack, locals, nullptr, _verifier);
+      _max_locals, _max_stack, locals, nullptr,
+      _assert_unset_fields_buffer, _verifier);
     if (_first && locals != nullptr) {
       frame->copy_locals(_prev_frame);
     }
@@ -299,7 +361,8 @@ StackMapFrame* StackMapReader::next_helper(TRAPS) {
       stack_size, _max_stack, CHECK_VERIFY_(_verifier, nullptr));
     frame = new StackMapFrame(
       offset, _prev_frame->flags(), _prev_frame->locals_size(), stack_size,
-      _max_locals, _max_stack, locals, stack, _verifier);
+      _max_locals, _max_stack, locals, stack,
+      _assert_unset_fields_buffer, _verifier);
     if (_first && locals != nullptr) {
       frame->copy_locals(_prev_frame);
     }
@@ -309,7 +372,7 @@ StackMapFrame* StackMapReader::next_helper(TRAPS) {
 
   u2 offset_delta = _stream->get_u2(CHECK_NULL);
 
-  if (frame_type < SAME_LOCALS_1_STACK_ITEM_EXTENDED) {
+  if (frame_type < EARLY_LARVAL) {
     // reserved frame types
     _stream->stackmap_format_error(
       "reserved frame type", CHECK_VERIFY_(_verifier, nullptr));
@@ -340,7 +403,8 @@ StackMapFrame* StackMapReader::next_helper(TRAPS) {
       stack_size, _max_stack, CHECK_VERIFY_(_verifier, nullptr));
     frame = new StackMapFrame(
       offset, _prev_frame->flags(), _prev_frame->locals_size(), stack_size,
-      _max_locals, _max_stack, locals, stack, _verifier);
+      _max_locals, _max_stack, locals, stack,
+      _assert_unset_fields_buffer, _verifier);
     if (_first && locals != nullptr) {
       frame->copy_locals(_prev_frame);
     }
@@ -383,7 +447,8 @@ StackMapFrame* StackMapReader::next_helper(TRAPS) {
     }
     frame = new StackMapFrame(
       offset, flags, new_length, 0, _max_locals, _max_stack,
-      locals, nullptr, _verifier);
+      locals, nullptr,
+      _assert_unset_fields_buffer, _verifier);
     if (_first && locals != nullptr) {
       frame->copy_locals(_prev_frame);
     }
@@ -418,7 +483,8 @@ StackMapFrame* StackMapReader::next_helper(TRAPS) {
     }
     frame = new StackMapFrame(
       offset, flags, real_length, 0, _max_locals,
-      _max_stack, locals, nullptr, _verifier);
+      _max_stack, locals, nullptr,
+      _assert_unset_fields_buffer, _verifier);
     _first = false;
     return frame;
   }
@@ -466,7 +532,8 @@ StackMapFrame* StackMapReader::next_helper(TRAPS) {
     }
     frame = new StackMapFrame(
       offset, flags, real_locals_size, real_stack_size,
-      _max_locals, _max_stack, locals, stack, _verifier);
+      _max_locals, _max_stack, locals, stack,
+      _assert_unset_fields_buffer, _verifier);
     _first = false;
     return frame;
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapTable.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapTable.hpp
index 9b46fa89345..8dd00315a6a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapTable.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapTable.hpp
@@ -128,6 +128,9 @@ class StackMapReader : StackObj {
   u2 _max_locals;
   u2 _max_stack;
 
+  // Contains assert_unset_fields generated from classfile
+  StackMapFrame::AssertUnsetFieldTable* _assert_unset_fields_buffer;
+
   // Check if reading first entry
   bool _first;
 
@@ -154,7 +157,8 @@ class StackMapReader : StackObj {
     SAME_LOCALS_1_STACK_ITEM_FRAME_START = 64,
     SAME_LOCALS_1_STACK_ITEM_FRAME_END = 127,
     RESERVED_START = 128,
-    RESERVED_END = 246,
+    RESERVED_END = 245,
+    EARLY_LARVAL = 246,
     SAME_LOCALS_1_STACK_ITEM_EXTENDED = 247,
     CHOP_FRAME_START = 248,
     CHOP_FRAME_END = 250,
@@ -169,7 +173,8 @@ class StackMapReader : StackObj {
   StackMapReader(ClassVerifier* v, StackMapStream* stream,
                  char* code_data, int32_t code_len,
                  StackMapFrame* init_frame,
-                 u2 max_locals, u2 max_stack, TRAPS);
+                 u2 max_locals, u2 max_stack,
+                 StackMapFrame::AssertUnsetFieldTable* initial_strict_fields, TRAPS);
 
   inline int32_t get_frame_count()   const { return _frame_count; }
   inline StackMapFrame* prev_frame() const { return _prev_frame; }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapTableFormat.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapTableFormat.hpp
index 4906f4b9d80..90795102896 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapTableFormat.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapTableFormat.hpp
@@ -157,6 +157,7 @@ class verification_type_info {
 };
 
 #define FOR_EACH_STACKMAP_FRAME_TYPE(macro, arg1, arg2) \
+  macro(early_larval, arg1, arg2) \
   macro(same_frame, arg1, arg2) \
   macro(same_frame_extended, arg1, arg2) \
   macro(same_locals_1_stack_item_frame, arg1, arg2) \
@@ -403,6 +404,75 @@ class same_locals_1_stack_item_frame : public stack_map_frame {
   }
 };
 
+class early_larval : public stack_map_frame {
+ private:
+  static int frame_type_to_offset_delta(u1 frame_type) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+  static u1 offset_delta_to_frame_type(int offset_delta) {
+    return checked_cast<u1>(246);
+  }
+
+  address num_unset_fields_addr() const { return frame_type_addr() + sizeof(u1); }
+  int number_of_unset_fields() const { return Bytes::get_Java_u2(num_unset_fields_addr()); }
+
+  // EARLY_LARVAL frames wrap regular stack map frames
+  stack_map_frame* nested_frame() const { return (stack_map_frame*)(frame_type_addr() + calculate_size(number_of_unset_fields())); }
+
+ public:
+  static bool is_frame_type(u1 tag) {
+    return tag == 246;
+  }
+
+  static early_larval* at(address addr) {
+    assert(is_frame_type(*addr), "Wrong frame id");
+    return (early_larval*)addr;
+  }
+
+  static early_larval* create_at(address addr, int offset_delta) {
+    early_larval* sm = (early_larval*)addr;
+    return sm;
+  }
+
+  static size_t calculate_size(u2 num_unset_fields) { return sizeof(u1) + sizeof(u2) + (sizeof(u2) * num_unset_fields); }
+
+  size_t size() const { return calculate_size(number_of_unset_fields()) + nested_frame()->size(); }
+  int offset_delta() const { return nested_frame()->offset_delta(); }
+
+  void set_offset_delta(int offset_delta) {
+    assert(offset_delta == 0, "early_larval should not have an offset");
+    set_frame_type(offset_delta_to_frame_type(offset_delta));
+  }
+
+  int number_of_types() const { return 0; }
+  verification_type_info* types() const { return nullptr; }
+
+  bool is_valid_offset(int offset_delta) const {
+    return is_frame_type(offset_delta_to_frame_type(offset_delta));
+  }
+
+  bool verify_subtype(address start, address end) const {
+    return nested_frame()->verify(start, end);
+  }
+
+  void print_on(outputStream* st, int current_offset = -1) const {
+    st->print("early_larval(%d unset fields: ", number_of_unset_fields());
+    st->print("[ ");
+    address addr = num_unset_fields_addr() + sizeof(u2);
+    for (int i = 0; i < number_of_unset_fields(); i++) {
+      st->print("%u ", Bytes::get_Java_u2(addr + (i * sizeof(u2))));
+    }
+    st->print_cr("])");
+    st->print("\t");
+    nested_frame()->print_on(st, current_offset);
+  }
+
+  void print_truncated(outputStream* st, int current_offset = -1) const {
+    // If we fail to verify, we may have a nested early_larval
+    st->print("early_larval(%d unset fields), output truncated, Stackmap exceeds table size.", number_of_unset_fields());
+  }
+};
+
 class same_locals_1_stack_item_extended : public stack_map_frame {
  private:
   address offset_delta_addr() const { return frame_type_addr() + sizeof(u1); }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionary.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionary.cpp
index 8483551fd4f..5f1dcd06fb9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionary.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionary.cpp
@@ -55,6 +55,8 @@
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "oops/access.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/constantPool.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.inline.hpp"
@@ -72,6 +74,7 @@
 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
 #include "runtime/mutexLocker.hpp"
+#include "runtime/os.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "runtime/signature.hpp"
 #include "runtime/synchronizer.hpp"
@@ -186,13 +189,44 @@ inline ClassLoaderData* class_loader_data(Handle class_loader) {
   return ClassLoaderData::class_loader_data(class_loader());
 }
 
+// These migrated value classes are loaded by the bootstrap class loader but are added to the initiating
+// loaders automatically so that fields of these types can be found and potentially flattened during
+// field layout.
+static void add_migrated_value_classes(ClassLoaderData* cld) {
+  JavaThread* current = JavaThread::current();
+  auto add_klass = [&] (Symbol* classname) {
+    InstanceKlass* ik = SystemDictionary::find_instance_klass(current, classname, Handle(current, nullptr));
+    assert(ik != nullptr, "Must exist");
+    SystemDictionary::add_to_initiating_loader(current, ik, cld);
+  };
+
+  MonitorLocker mu1(SystemDictionary_lock);
+  vmSymbols::migrated_class_names_do(add_klass);
+}
+
 ClassLoaderData* SystemDictionary::register_loader(Handle class_loader, bool create_mirror_cld) {
   if (create_mirror_cld) {
     // Add a new class loader data to the graph.
     return ClassLoaderDataGraph::add(class_loader, true);
   } else {
-    return (class_loader() == nullptr) ? ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data() :
-                                      ClassLoaderDataGraph::find_or_create(class_loader);
+    if (class_loader() == nullptr) {
+      return ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data();
+    } else {
+      bool created = false;
+      ClassLoaderData* cld = ClassLoaderDataGraph::find_or_create(class_loader, created);
+      if (created && Arguments::enable_preview()) {
+        if (CDSConfig::is_using_aot_linked_classes() && java_system_loader() == nullptr) {
+          // We are inside AOTLinkedClassBulkLoader::preload_classes().
+          //
+          // AOTLinkedClassBulkLoader will automatically initiate the loading of all archived
+          // public classes from the boot loader into platform/system loaders, so there's
+          // no need to call add_migrated_value_classes().
+        } else {
+          add_migrated_value_classes(cld);
+        }
+      }
+      return cld;
+    }
   }
 }
 
@@ -400,7 +434,8 @@ static inline void log_circularity_error(Symbol* name, PlaceholderEntry* probe)
 }
 
 // Must be called for any superclass or superinterface resolution
-// during class definition to allow class circularity checking
+// during class definition, or may be called for inline field layout processing
+// to detect class circularity errors.
 // superinterface callers:
 //    parse_interfaces - from defineClass
 // superclass callers:
@@ -413,6 +448,8 @@ static inline void log_circularity_error(Symbol* name, PlaceholderEntry* probe)
 //      If another thread is trying to resolve the class, it must do
 //      superclass checks on its own thread to catch class circularity and
 //      to avoid deadlock.
+// inline field layout callers:
+//    The field's class must be loaded to determine layout.
 //
 // resolve_with_circularity_detection adds a DETECT_CIRCULARITY placeholder to the placeholder table before calling
 // resolve_instance_class_or_null. ClassCircularityError is detected when a DETECT_CIRCULARITY or LOAD_INSTANCE
@@ -451,7 +488,7 @@ InstanceKlass* SystemDictionary::resolve_with_circularity_detection(Symbol* clas
   {
     MutexLocker mu(THREAD, SystemDictionary_lock);
 
-    // Must check ClassCircularity before resolving next_name (superclass or interface).
+    // Must check ClassCircularity before resolving next_name (superclass, interface, field types or speculatively preloaded argument types).
     PlaceholderEntry* probe = PlaceholderTable::get_entry(class_name, loader_data);
     if (probe != nullptr && probe->check_seen_thread(THREAD, PlaceholderTable::DETECT_CIRCULARITY)) {
         log_circularity_error(class_name, probe);
@@ -475,7 +512,7 @@ InstanceKlass* SystemDictionary::resolve_with_circularity_detection(Symbol* clas
       THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassCircularityError(), class_name->as_C_string());
   }
 
-  // Resolve the superclass or superinterface, check results on return
+  // Resolve the superclass, superinterface, field type or speculatively preloaded argument types and check results on return.
   InstanceKlass* superk =
     SystemDictionary::resolve_instance_class_or_null(next_name,
                                                      class_loader,
@@ -913,6 +950,7 @@ bool SystemDictionary::is_shared_class_visible(Symbol* class_name,
                                                InstanceKlass* ik,
                                                PackageEntry* pkg_entry,
                                                Handle class_loader) {
+
   assert(!ModuleEntryTable::javabase_moduleEntry()->is_patched(),
          "Cannot use sharing if java.base is patched");
 
@@ -1010,29 +1048,29 @@ bool SystemDictionary::is_shared_class_visible_impl(Symbol* class_name,
   return visible;
 }
 
-bool SystemDictionary::check_shared_class_super_type(InstanceKlass* klass, InstanceKlass* super_type,
+bool SystemDictionary::check_shared_class_dependency(InstanceKlass* klass, InstanceKlass* dependency,
                                                      Handle class_loader, bool is_superclass, TRAPS) {
-  assert(super_type->in_aot_cache(), "must be");
+  assert(dependency->in_aot_cache(), "must be");
 
-  // Quick check if the super type has been already loaded.
+  // Quick check if the dependency has been already loaded.
   // + Don't do it for unregistered classes -- they can be unloaded so
-  //   super_type->class_loader_data() could be stale.
-  // + Don't check if loader data is null, ie. the super_type isn't fully loaded.
-  if (!super_type->defined_by_other_loaders() && super_type->class_loader_data() != nullptr) {
-    // Check if the superclass is loaded by the current class_loader
-    Symbol* name = super_type->name();
+  //   dependency->class_loader_data() could be stale.
+  // + Don't check if loader data is null, ie. the dependency isn't fully loaded.
+  if (!dependency->defined_by_other_loaders() && dependency->class_loader_data() != nullptr) {
+    // Check if the dependency is loaded by the current class_loader.
+    Symbol* name = dependency->name();
     InstanceKlass* check = find_instance_klass(THREAD, name, class_loader);
-    if (check == super_type) {
+    if (check == dependency) {
       return true;
     }
   }
 
-  Klass *found = resolve_with_circularity_detection(klass->name(), super_type->name(),
+  Klass* found = resolve_with_circularity_detection(klass->name(), dependency->name(),
                                                     class_loader, is_superclass, CHECK_false);
-  if (found == super_type) {
+  if (found == dependency) {
     return true;
   } else {
-    // The dynamically resolved super type is not the same as the one we used during dump time,
+    // The dynamically resolved dependency is not the same as the one we used during dump time,
     // so we cannot use the class.
     return false;
   }
@@ -1047,7 +1085,7 @@ bool SystemDictionary::check_shared_class_super_types(InstanceKlass* ik, Handle
   // load <ik> from the shared archive.
 
   if (ik->super() != nullptr) {
-    bool check_super = check_shared_class_super_type(ik, ik->super(),
+    bool check_super = check_shared_class_dependency(ik, ik->super(),
                                                      class_loader, true,
                                                      CHECK_false);
     if (!check_super) {
@@ -1058,7 +1096,7 @@ bool SystemDictionary::check_shared_class_super_types(InstanceKlass* ik, Handle
   Array<InstanceKlass*>* interfaces = ik->local_interfaces();
   int num_interfaces = interfaces->length();
   for (int index = 0; index < num_interfaces; index++) {
-    bool check_interface = check_shared_class_super_type(ik, interfaces->at(index), class_loader, false,
+    bool check_interface = check_shared_class_dependency(ik, interfaces->at(index), class_loader, false,
                                                          CHECK_false);
     if (!check_interface) {
       return false;
@@ -1068,6 +1106,84 @@ bool SystemDictionary::check_shared_class_super_types(InstanceKlass* ik, Handle
   return true;
 }
 
+// Pre-load class referred to in fields with archived inline field metadata. These fields
+// must be checked against the resolved runtime class before the shared class can be used.
+bool SystemDictionary::preload_from_required_inline_field(InstanceKlass* ik, Handle class_loader, Symbol* sig, int field_index, TRAPS) {
+  if (log_is_enabled(Info, class, preload)) {
+    TempNewSymbol name = Signature::strip_envelope(sig);
+    log_info(class, preload)("Preloading of class %s during loading of shared class %s. "
+                             "Cause: archived flat/null-restricted field metadata",
+                             name->as_C_string(), ik->name()->as_C_string());
+  }
+
+  InstanceKlass* k = ik->get_inline_type_field_klass_or_null(field_index);
+  bool check = check_shared_class_dependency(ik, k, class_loader, false, THREAD);
+  if (!check) {
+    const bool has_pending_exception = HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+    if (log_is_enabled(Info, class, preload)) {
+      TempNewSymbol name = Signature::strip_envelope(sig);
+      const char* reason = has_pending_exception ?
+                           PENDING_EXCEPTION->klass()->name()->as_C_string() :
+                           "app substituted a different version";
+      log_info(class, preload)("Preloading of class %s during loading of shared class %s "
+                               "(cause: archived flat/null-restricted field metadata) failed : %s",
+                               name->as_C_string(), ik->name()->as_C_string(), reason);
+    }
+    if (has_pending_exception) {
+      CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  assert(k != nullptr, "Sanity check");
+  if (log_is_enabled(Info, class, preload)) {
+    TempNewSymbol name = Signature::strip_envelope(sig);
+    log_info(class, preload)("Preloading of class %s during loading of shared class %s "
+                             "(cause: archived flat/null-restricted field metadata) succeeded",
+                             name->as_C_string(), ik->name()->as_C_string());
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+// Optionally pre-load classes referred to in instance fields if they are found in the
+// LoadableDescriptors attribute. This mirrors the speculative preloading in
+// ClassFileParser::fetch_field_classes() when loading a class outside the archive.
+// Failures are ignored and do not fail shared class loading.
+void SystemDictionary::try_preload_from_loadable_descriptors(InstanceKlass* ik, Handle class_loader, Symbol* sig, int field_index, TRAPS) {
+  TempNewSymbol name = Signature::strip_envelope(sig);
+  if (name == ik->name() || !ik->is_class_in_loadable_descriptors_attribute(sig)) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  log_info(class, preload)("Preloading of class %s during loading of shared class %s. "
+                           "Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute",
+                           name->as_C_string(), ik->name()->as_C_string());
+  InstanceKlass* k = ik->get_inline_type_field_klass_or_null(field_index);
+  if (k == nullptr) {
+    SystemDictionary::resolve_with_circularity_detection(ik->name(), name, class_loader, false, THREAD);
+    if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
+      CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+
+  bool check = check_shared_class_dependency(ik, k, class_loader, false, THREAD);
+  if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
+    CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+  }
+  if (check) {
+    log_info(class, preload)("Preloading of class %s during loading of shared class %s "
+                             "(cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) succeeded",
+                             name->as_C_string(), ik->name()->as_C_string());
+  } else {
+    log_info(class, preload)("Preloading of class %s during loading of shared class %s "
+                             "(cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) failed : "
+                             "app substituted a different version",
+                             name->as_C_string(), ik->name()->as_C_string());
+  }
+}
+
+
 InstanceKlass* SystemDictionary::load_shared_class(InstanceKlass* ik,
                                                    Handle class_loader,
                                                    Handle protection_domain,
@@ -1091,6 +1207,32 @@ InstanceKlass* SystemDictionary::load_shared_class(InstanceKlass* ik,
     return nullptr;
   }
 
+  if (ik->has_inlined_fields() || ik->has_null_restricted_static_fields()) {
+    for (AllFieldStream fs(ik); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {
+      if (fs.access_flags().is_static() && !fs.is_null_free_inline_type()) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      Symbol* sig = fs.signature();
+      int field_index = fs.index();
+
+      if (!Signature::has_envelope(sig)) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      if (fs.is_flat() || fs.is_null_free_inline_type()) {
+        bool check = preload_from_required_inline_field(ik, class_loader, sig, field_index, CHECK_NULL);
+        if (!check) {
+          ik->set_shared_loading_failed();
+          return nullptr;
+        }
+      } else {
+        // Optional LoadableDescriptors preloading. Failures are ignored.
+        try_preload_from_loadable_descriptors(ik, class_loader, sig, field_index, CHECK_NULL);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   InstanceKlass* new_ik = nullptr;
   // CFLH check is skipped for VM hidden classes (see KlassFactory::create_from_stream).
   // It will be skipped for shared VM hidden lambda proxy classes.
@@ -1707,23 +1849,23 @@ void SystemDictionary::update_dictionary(JavaThread* current,
   mu1.notify_all();
 }
 
-#if INCLUDE_CDS
 // Indicate that loader_data has initiated the loading of class k, which
 // has already been defined by a parent loader.
-// This API should be used only by AOTLinkedClassBulkLoader
+// This API is used by AOTLinkedClassBulkLoader and to register boxing
+// classes from java.lang in all class loaders to enable more value
+// classes optimizations.
 void SystemDictionary::add_to_initiating_loader(JavaThread* current,
                                                 InstanceKlass* k,
                                                 ClassLoaderData* loader_data) {
-  assert(CDSConfig::is_using_aot_linked_classes(), "must be");
   assert_locked_or_safepoint(SystemDictionary_lock);
   Symbol* name  = k->name();
   Dictionary* dictionary = loader_data->dictionary();
   assert(k->is_loaded(), "must be");
   assert(k->class_loader_data() != loader_data, "only for classes defined by a parent loader");
-  assert(dictionary->find_class(current, name) == nullptr, "sanity");
-  dictionary->add_klass(current, name, k);
+  if (dictionary->find_class(current, name) == nullptr) {
+    dictionary->add_klass(current, name, k);
+  }
 }
-#endif
 
 // Try to find a class name using the loader constraints.  The
 // loader constraints might know about a class that isn't fully loaded
@@ -2095,7 +2237,7 @@ void SystemDictionary::restore_archived_method_handle_intrinsics_impl(TRAPS) {
 // Helper for unpacking the return value from linkMethod and linkCallSite.
 static Method* unpack_method_and_appendix(Handle mname,
                                           Klass* accessing_klass,
-                                          objArrayHandle appendix_box,
+                                          refArrayHandle appendix_box,
                                           Handle* appendix_result,
                                           TRAPS) {
   if (mname.not_null()) {
@@ -2138,7 +2280,7 @@ Method* SystemDictionary::find_method_handle_invoker(Klass* klass,
   int ref_kind = JVM_REF_invokeVirtual;
   oop name_oop = StringTable::intern(name, CHECK_NULL);
   Handle name_str (THREAD, name_oop);
-  objArrayHandle appendix_box = oopFactory::new_objArray_handle(vmClasses::Object_klass(), 1, CHECK_NULL);
+  refArrayHandle appendix_box = oopFactory::new_refArray_handle(vmClasses::Object_klass(), 1, CHECK_NULL);
   assert(appendix_box->obj_at(0) == nullptr, "");
 
   // This should not happen.  JDK code should take care of that.
@@ -2249,7 +2391,7 @@ Handle SystemDictionary::find_method_handle_type(Symbol* signature,
   }
   bool can_be_cached = true;
   int npts = ArgumentCount(signature).size();
-  objArrayHandle pts = oopFactory::new_objArray_handle(vmClasses::Class_klass(), npts, CHECK_(empty));
+  refArrayHandle pts = oopFactory::new_refArray_handle(vmClasses::Class_klass(), npts, CHECK_(empty));
   int arg = 0;
   Handle rt; // the return type from the signature
   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
@@ -2395,10 +2537,10 @@ void SystemDictionary::invoke_bootstrap_method(BootstrapInfo& bootstrap_specifie
   }
 
   bool is_indy = bootstrap_specifier.is_method_call();
-  objArrayHandle appendix_box;
+  refArrayHandle appendix_box;
   if (is_indy) {
     // Some method calls may require an appendix argument.  Arrange to receive it.
-    appendix_box = oopFactory::new_objArray_handle(vmClasses::Object_klass(), 1, CHECK);
+    appendix_box = oopFactory::new_refArray_handle(vmClasses::Object_klass(), 1, CHECK);
     assert(appendix_box->obj_at(0) == nullptr, "");
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionary.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionary.hpp
index e32e0082f8f..4852ebe533a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionary.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionary.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ class SystemDictionary : AllStatic {
   static oop get_platform_class_loader_impl(TRAPS);
 
  public:
+
   // Resolve either a hidden or normal class from a stream of bytes, based on ClassLoadInfo
   static InstanceKlass* resolve_from_stream(ClassFileStream* st,
                                             Symbol* class_name,
@@ -284,7 +285,7 @@ class SystemDictionary : AllStatic {
   static const char* find_nest_host_error(const constantPoolHandle& pool, int which);
 
   static void add_to_initiating_loader(JavaThread* current, InstanceKlass* k,
-                                       ClassLoaderData* loader_data) NOT_CDS_RETURN;
+                                       ClassLoaderData* loader_data);
 
   static OopHandle  _java_system_loader;
   static OopHandle  _java_platform_loader;
@@ -317,7 +318,7 @@ class SystemDictionary : AllStatic {
                                            InstanceKlass* ik,
                                            PackageEntry* pkg_entry,
                                            Handle class_loader);
-  static bool check_shared_class_super_type(InstanceKlass* klass, InstanceKlass* super,
+  static bool check_shared_class_dependency(InstanceKlass* klass, InstanceKlass* dependency,
                                             Handle class_loader,
                                             bool is_superclass, TRAPS);
   static bool check_shared_class_super_types(InstanceKlass* ik, Handle class_loader, TRAPS);
@@ -330,6 +331,8 @@ class SystemDictionary : AllStatic {
 
   static bool add_loader_constraint(Symbol* name, Klass* klass_being_linked,  Handle loader1,
                                     Handle loader2);
+  static bool preload_from_required_inline_field(InstanceKlass* ik, Handle class_loader, Symbol* sig, int field_index, TRAPS);
+  static void try_preload_from_loadable_descriptors(InstanceKlass* ik, Handle class_loader, Symbol* sig, int field_index, TRAPS);
   static InstanceKlass* load_shared_class(InstanceKlass* ik,
                                           Handle class_loader,
                                           Handle protection_domain,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionaryShared.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionaryShared.cpp
index 62a790e9820..230f50d5003 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionaryShared.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionaryShared.cpp
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "oops/compressedKlass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
@@ -298,6 +299,18 @@ class SystemDictionaryShared::ExclusionCheckCandidates
         return true; // Keep iterating.
       });
     }
+
+    // Inline fields need to have their layouts preserved between dumptime and runtime.
+    // To ensure this, the types of the fields must be stored in the archive along with
+    // the field holder.
+    if (k->has_inlined_fields() || k->has_null_restricted_static_fields()) {
+      for (AllFieldStream fs(k); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {
+        if (fs.is_flat() || fs.is_null_free_inline_type()) {
+          InlineKlass* field_klass = k->get_inline_type_field_klass(fs.index());
+          add_candidate(InstanceKlass::cast(field_klass));
+        }
+      }
+    }
   }
 
 public:
@@ -520,6 +533,20 @@ bool SystemDictionaryShared::check_dependencies_exclusion(InstanceKlass* k, Dump
     }
   }
 
+  // If any of the null restricted or flat field types are excluded, the current
+  // klass must be excluded as well, otherwise there is no guarantee that the
+  // field layouts will be consistent at runtime.
+  if (k->has_inlined_fields() || k->has_null_restricted_static_fields()) {
+    for (AllFieldStream fs(k); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {
+      if (fs.is_flat() || fs.is_null_free_inline_type()) {
+        InlineKlass* field_klass = k->get_inline_type_field_klass(fs.index());
+        if (is_dependency_excluded(k, InstanceKlass::cast(field_klass), "inline field type")) {
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   return false;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verificationType.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verificationType.hpp
index 788e0029fad..3d2146f1a96 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verificationType.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verificationType.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -68,9 +68,9 @@ class VerificationType {
 
     // Enum for the _data field
     enum : uint {
-      // Bottom two bits determine if the type is a reference, primitive,
-      // uninitialized or a query-type.
-      TypeMask           = 0x00000003,
+      // Bottom three bits determine if the type is a reference, inline type,
+      // primitive, uninitialized or a query-type.
+      TypeMask           = 0x00000007,
 
       // Topmost types encoding
       Reference          = 0x0,        // _sym contains the name
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ class VerificationType {
 
   // For reference types, store the actual Symbol
   static VerificationType reference_type(Symbol* sh) {
-      assert(((uintptr_t)sh & 0x3) == 0, "Symbols must be aligned");
+      assert(((uintptr_t)sh & TypeMask) == 0, "Symbols must be aligned");
       // If the above assert fails in the future because oop* isn't aligned,
       // then this type encoding system will have to change to have a tag value
       // to discriminate between oops and primitives.
@@ -185,8 +185,8 @@ class VerificationType {
   bool is_reference() const { return ((_u._data & TypeMask) == Reference); }
   bool is_category1() const {
     // This should return true for all one-word types, which are category1
-    // primitives, and references (including uninitialized refs).  Though
-    // the 'query' types should technically return 'false' here, if we
+    // primitives, references (including uninitialized refs) and inline types.
+    // Though the 'query' types should technically return 'false' here, if we
     // allow this to return true, we can perform the test using only
     // 2 operations rather than 8 (3 masks, 3 compares and 2 logical 'ands').
     // Since no one should call this on a query type anyway, this is ok.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verifier.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verifier.cpp
index 8422a39827a..2d85c6ae343 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verifier.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verifier.cpp
@@ -43,12 +43,13 @@
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "oops/constantPool.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.hpp"
 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
-#include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.hpp"
+#include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
@@ -66,6 +67,7 @@
 #define NOFAILOVER_MAJOR_VERSION                       51
 #define NONZERO_PADDING_BYTES_IN_SWITCH_MAJOR_VERSION  51
 #define STATIC_METHOD_IN_INTERFACE_MAJOR_VERSION       52
+#define INLINE_TYPE_MAJOR_VERSION                      56
 #define MAX_ARRAY_DIMENSIONS 255
 
 // Access to external entry for VerifyClassForMajorVersion - old byte code verifier
@@ -480,12 +482,18 @@ void ErrorContext::reason_details(outputStream* ss) const {
     case BAD_LOCAL_INDEX:
       ss->print("Local index %d is invalid", _type.index());
       break;
+    case BAD_STRICT_FIELDS:
+      ss->print("Invalid use of strict instance fields");
+      break;
     case LOCALS_SIZE_MISMATCH:
       ss->print("Current frame's local size doesn't match stackmap.");
       break;
     case STACK_SIZE_MISMATCH:
       ss->print("Current frame's stack size doesn't match stackmap.");
       break;
+    case STRICT_FIELDS_MISMATCH:
+      ss->print("Current frame's strict instance fields not compatible with stackmap.");
+      break;
     case STACK_OVERFLOW:
       ss->print("Exceeded max stack size.");
       break;
@@ -498,6 +506,13 @@ void ErrorContext::reason_details(outputStream* ss) const {
     case BAD_STACKMAP:
       ss->print("Invalid stackmap specification.");
       break;
+    case WRONG_INLINE_TYPE:
+      ss->print("Type ");
+      _type.details(ss);
+      ss->print(" and type ");
+      _expected.details(ss);
+      ss->print(" must be identical inline types.");
+      break;
     case UNKNOWN:
     default:
       ShouldNotReachHere();
@@ -620,6 +635,11 @@ TypeOrigin ClassVerifier::ref_ctx(const char* sig) {
   return TypeOrigin::implicit(vt);
 }
 
+static bool supports_strict_fields(InstanceKlass* klass) {
+  int ver = klass->major_version();
+  return ver > Verifier::VALUE_TYPES_MAJOR_VERSION ||
+         (ver == Verifier::VALUE_TYPES_MAJOR_VERSION && klass->minor_version() == Verifier::JAVA_PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION);
+}
 
 void ClassVerifier::verify_class(TRAPS) {
   log_info(verification)("Verifying class %s with new format", _klass->external_name());
@@ -712,8 +732,23 @@ void ClassVerifier::verify_method(const methodHandle& m, TRAPS) {
   assert(SignatureVerifier::is_valid_method_signature(m->signature()),
          "Invalid method signature");
 
+  // Collect the initial strict instance fields
+  StackMapFrame::AssertUnsetFieldTable* strict_fields = new StackMapFrame::AssertUnsetFieldTable();
+  if (m->is_object_constructor()) {
+    for (AllFieldStream fs(m->method_holder()); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {
+      if (fs.access_flags().is_strict() && !fs.access_flags().is_static()) {
+        NameAndSig new_field(fs.name(), fs.signature());
+        if (IgnoreAssertUnsetFields) {
+          strict_fields->put(new_field, true);
+        } else {
+          strict_fields->put(new_field, false);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   // Initial stack map frame: offset is 0, stack is initially empty.
-  StackMapFrame current_frame(max_locals, max_stack, this);
+  StackMapFrame current_frame(max_locals, max_stack, strict_fields, this);
   // Set initial locals
   VerificationType return_type = current_frame.set_locals_from_arg( m, current_type());
 
@@ -740,7 +775,7 @@ void ClassVerifier::verify_method(const methodHandle& m, TRAPS) {
 
   Array<u1>* stackmap_data = m->stackmap_data();
   StackMapStream stream(stackmap_data);
-  StackMapReader reader(this, &stream, code_data, code_length, &current_frame, max_locals, max_stack, THREAD);
+  StackMapReader reader(this, &stream, code_data, code_length, &current_frame, max_locals, max_stack, strict_fields, THREAD);
   StackMapTable stackmap_table(&reader, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 
   LogTarget(Debug, verification) lt;
@@ -1676,7 +1711,7 @@ void ClassVerifier::verify_method(const methodHandle& m, TRAPS) {
           }
           // Make sure "this" has been initialized if current method is an
           // <init>.
-          if (_method->name() == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name() &&
+          if (_method->is_object_constructor() &&
               current_frame.flag_this_uninit()) {
             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
                          "Constructor must call super() or this() "
@@ -1699,15 +1734,11 @@ void ClassVerifier::verify_method(const methodHandle& m, TRAPS) {
         case Bytecodes::_invokevirtual :
         case Bytecodes::_invokespecial :
         case Bytecodes::_invokestatic :
-          verify_invoke_instructions(
-            &bcs, code_length, &current_frame, (bci >= ex_min && bci < ex_max),
-            &this_uninit, return_type, cp, &stackmap_table, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
-          no_control_flow = false; break;
         case Bytecodes::_invokeinterface :
         case Bytecodes::_invokedynamic :
           verify_invoke_instructions(
             &bcs, code_length, &current_frame, (bci >= ex_min && bci < ex_max),
-            &this_uninit, return_type, cp, &stackmap_table, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
+            &this_uninit, cp, &stackmap_table, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
           no_control_flow = false; break;
         case Bytecodes::_new :
         {
@@ -1765,10 +1796,11 @@ void ClassVerifier::verify_method(const methodHandle& m, TRAPS) {
           no_control_flow = false; break;
         }
         case Bytecodes::_monitorenter :
-        case Bytecodes::_monitorexit :
-          current_frame.pop_stack(
+        case Bytecodes::_monitorexit : {
+          VerificationType ref = current_frame.pop_stack(
             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
           no_control_flow = false; break;
+        }
         case Bytecodes::_multianewarray :
         {
           u2 index = bcs.get_index_u2();
@@ -2146,7 +2178,7 @@ void ClassVerifier::verify_ldc(
   if (opcode == Bytecodes::_ldc || opcode == Bytecodes::_ldc_w) {
     if (!tag.is_unresolved_klass()) {
       types = (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Integer) | (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Float)
-            | (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_String)  | (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Class)
+            | (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_String) | (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Class)
             | (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle) | (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType)
             | (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic);
       // Note:  The class file parser already verified the legality of
@@ -2321,13 +2353,14 @@ void ClassVerifier::verify_field_instructions(RawBytecodeStream* bcs,
   VerificationType ref_class_type = cp_ref_index_to_type(
     index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
   if (!ref_class_type.is_object() &&
-    (!allow_arrays || !ref_class_type.is_array())) {
+      (!allow_arrays || !ref_class_type.is_array())) {
     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bcs->bci(),
         TypeOrigin::cp(index, ref_class_type)),
         "Expecting reference to class in class %s at constant pool index %d",
         _klass->external_name(), index);
     return;
   }
+
   VerificationType target_class_type = ref_class_type;
 
   assert(sizeof(VerificationType) == sizeof(uintptr_t),
@@ -2369,13 +2402,32 @@ void ClassVerifier::verify_field_instructions(RawBytecodeStream* bcs,
       }
       stack_object_type = current_frame->pop_stack(CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 
-      // The JVMS 2nd edition allows field initialization before the superclass
+      // Field initialization is allowed before the superclass
       // initializer, if the field is defined within the current class.
       fieldDescriptor fd;
-      if (stack_object_type == VerificationType::uninitialized_this_type() &&
-          target_class_type.equals(current_type()) &&
-          _klass->find_local_field(field_name, field_sig, &fd)) {
-        stack_object_type = current_type();
+      bool is_local_field = _klass->find_local_field(field_name, field_sig, &fd) &&
+                            target_class_type.equals(current_type());
+      if (stack_object_type == VerificationType::uninitialized_this_type()) {
+        if (is_local_field) {
+          // Set the type to the current type so the is_assignable check passes.
+          stack_object_type = current_type();
+
+          if (fd.access_flags().is_strict()) {
+            if (!current_frame->satisfy_unset_field(fd.name(), fd.signature())) {
+              log_info(verification)("Attempting to initialize field not found in initial strict instance fields: %s%s",
+                                     fd.name()->as_C_string(), fd.signature()->as_C_string());
+              verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_strict_fields(bci, current_frame),
+                           "Initializing unknown strict field: %s:%s", fd.name()->as_C_string(), fd.signature()->as_C_string());
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      } else if (supports_strict_fields(_klass)) {
+        // `strict` fields are not writable, but only local fields produce verification errors
+        if (is_local_field && fd.access_flags().is_strict() && fd.access_flags().is_final()) {
+          verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
+                       "Illegal use of putfield on a strict field");
+          return;
+        }
       }
       is_assignable = target_class_type.is_assignable_from(
         stack_object_type, this, false, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
@@ -2454,6 +2506,13 @@ void ClassVerifier::verify_invoke_init(
           TypeOrigin::implicit(current_type())),
           "Bad <init> method call");
       return;
+    } else if (ref_class_type.name() == superk->name()) {
+      // Strict final fields must be satisfied by this point
+      if (!current_frame->verify_unset_fields_satisfied()) {
+        log_info(verification)("Strict instance fields not initialized");
+        StackMapFrame::print_strict_fields(current_frame->assert_unset_fields());
+        current_frame->unsatisfied_strict_fields_error(current_class(), bci);
+      }
     }
 
     // If this invokespecial call is done from inside of a TRY block then make
@@ -2558,7 +2617,7 @@ bool ClassVerifier::is_same_or_direct_interface(
 
 void ClassVerifier::verify_invoke_instructions(
     RawBytecodeStream* bcs, u4 code_length, StackMapFrame* current_frame,
-    bool in_try_block, bool *this_uninit, VerificationType return_type,
+    bool in_try_block, bool *this_uninit,
     const constantPoolHandle& cp, StackMapTable* stackmap_table, TRAPS) {
   // Make sure the constant pool item is the right type
   u2 index = bcs->get_index_u2();
@@ -2590,7 +2649,7 @@ void ClassVerifier::verify_invoke_instructions(
   assert(SignatureVerifier::is_valid_method_signature(method_sig),
          "Invalid method signature");
 
-  // Get referenced class type
+  // Get referenced class
   VerificationType ref_class_type;
   if (opcode == Bytecodes::_invokedynamic) {
     if (_klass->major_version() < Verifier::INVOKEDYNAMIC_MAJOR_VERSION) {
@@ -2656,9 +2715,10 @@ void ClassVerifier::verify_invoke_instructions(
   }
 
   if (method_name->char_at(0) == JVM_SIGNATURE_SPECIAL) {
-    // Make sure <init> can only be invoked by invokespecial
+    // Make sure:
+    //   <init> can only be invoked by invokespecial.
     if (opcode != Bytecodes::_invokespecial ||
-        method_name != vmSymbols::object_initializer_name()) {
+          method_name != vmSymbols::object_initializer_name()) {
       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
           "Illegal call to internal method");
       return;
@@ -2668,7 +2728,7 @@ void ClassVerifier::verify_invoke_instructions(
   // or any superclass (including Object).
   else if (opcode == Bytecodes::_invokespecial
            && !is_same_or_direct_interface(current_class(), current_type(), ref_class_type)
-           && !ref_class_type.equals(VerificationType::reference_type(current_class()->super()->name()))) {
+           && !ref_class_type.equals(VerificationType::reference_type(current_class()->super()->name()))) { // super() can never be an inline_type.
 
     // We know it is not current class, direct superinterface or immediate superclass. That means it
     // could be:
@@ -2768,9 +2828,7 @@ void ClassVerifier::verify_invoke_instructions(
   int sig_verif_types_len = sig_verif_types->length();
   if (sig_verif_types_len > nargs) {  // There's a return type
     if (method_name == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name()) {
-      // <init> method must have a void return type
-      /* Unreachable?  Class file parser verifies that methods with '<' have
-       * void return */
+      // an <init> method must have a void return type
       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
           "Return type must be void in <init> method");
       return;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verifier.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verifier.hpp
index 89e994fd0cf..087750e4b12 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verifier.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verifier.hpp
@@ -33,6 +33,13 @@
 #include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
 #include "utilities/hashTable.hpp"
 
+struct NameAndSig {
+  Symbol* _name;
+  Symbol* _signature;
+
+  NameAndSig(Symbol* n, Symbol* s) : _name(n), _signature(s) {}
+};
+
 // The verifier class
 class Verifier : AllStatic {
  public:
@@ -40,7 +47,9 @@ class Verifier : AllStatic {
     STACKMAP_ATTRIBUTE_MAJOR_VERSION    = 50,
     INVOKEDYNAMIC_MAJOR_VERSION         = 51,
     NO_RELAX_ACCESS_CTRL_CHECK_VERSION  = 52,
-    DYNAMICCONSTANT_MAJOR_VERSION       = 55
+    DYNAMICCONSTANT_MAJOR_VERSION       = 55,
+    VALUE_TYPES_MAJOR_VERSION           = 70,
+    JAVA_PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION          = 65535,
   };
 
   // Verify the bytecodes for a class.
@@ -148,12 +157,15 @@ class ErrorContext {
     FLAGS_MISMATCH,       // Frame flags are not assignable
     BAD_CP_INDEX,         // Invalid constant pool index
     BAD_LOCAL_INDEX,      // Invalid local index
+    BAD_STRICT_FIELDS,    // Strict instance fields must be initialized before super constructor
     LOCALS_SIZE_MISMATCH, // Frames have differing local counts
     STACK_SIZE_MISMATCH,  // Frames have different stack sizes
+    STRICT_FIELDS_MISMATCH, // Frames have incompatible uninitialized strict instance fields
     STACK_OVERFLOW,       // Attempt to push onto a full expression stack
     STACK_UNDERFLOW,      // Attempt to pop and empty expression stack
     MISSING_STACKMAP,     // No stackmap for this location and there should be
     BAD_STACKMAP,         // Format error in stackmap
+    WRONG_INLINE_TYPE,    // Mismatched inline type
     NO_FAULT,             // No error
     UNKNOWN
   } FaultType;
@@ -195,6 +207,9 @@ class ErrorContext {
   static ErrorContext bad_local_index(int bci, int index) {
     return ErrorContext(bci, BAD_LOCAL_INDEX, TypeOrigin::bad_index(index));
   }
+  static ErrorContext bad_strict_fields(int bci, StackMapFrame* cur) {
+    return ErrorContext(bci, BAD_STRICT_FIELDS, TypeOrigin::frame(cur));
+  }
   static ErrorContext locals_size_mismatch(
       int bci, StackMapFrame* frame0, StackMapFrame* frame1) {
     return ErrorContext(bci, LOCALS_SIZE_MISMATCH,
@@ -205,6 +220,11 @@ class ErrorContext {
     return ErrorContext(bci, STACK_SIZE_MISMATCH,
         TypeOrigin::frame(frame0), TypeOrigin::frame(frame1));
   }
+  static ErrorContext strict_fields_mismatch(
+      int bci, StackMapFrame* frame0, StackMapFrame* frame1) {
+        return ErrorContext(bci, STRICT_FIELDS_MISMATCH,
+          TypeOrigin::frame(frame0), TypeOrigin::frame(frame1));
+  }
   static ErrorContext stack_overflow(int bci, StackMapFrame* frame) {
     return ErrorContext(bci, STACK_OVERFLOW, TypeOrigin::frame(frame));
   }
@@ -217,6 +237,9 @@ class ErrorContext {
   static ErrorContext bad_stackmap(int index, StackMapFrame* frame) {
     return ErrorContext(0, BAD_STACKMAP, TypeOrigin::frame(frame));
   }
+  static ErrorContext bad_inline_type(int bci, TypeOrigin type, TypeOrigin exp) {
+    return ErrorContext(bci, WRONG_INLINE_TYPE, type, exp);
+  }
 
   bool is_valid() const { return _fault != NO_FAULT; }
   int bci() const { return _bci; }
@@ -336,7 +359,7 @@ class ClassVerifier : public StackObj {
 
   void verify_invoke_instructions(
     RawBytecodeStream* bcs, u4 code_length, StackMapFrame* current_frame,
-    bool in_try_block, bool* this_uninit, VerificationType return_type,
+    bool in_try_block, bool* this_uninit,
     const constantPoolHandle& cp, StackMapTable* stackmap_table, TRAPS);
 
   VerificationType get_newarray_type(u2 index, int bci, TRAPS);
@@ -433,7 +456,8 @@ class ClassVerifier : public StackObj {
     SignatureStream* sig_type, VerificationType* inference_type);
 
   VerificationType cp_index_to_type(int index, const constantPoolHandle& cp, TRAPS) {
-    return VerificationType::reference_type(cp->klass_name_at(index));
+    Symbol* name = cp->klass_name_at(index);
+    return VerificationType::reference_type(name);
   }
 
   // Keep a list of temporary symbols created during verification because
@@ -471,8 +495,7 @@ inline int ClassVerifier::change_sig_to_verificationType(
         // Create another symbol to save as signature stream unreferences this symbol.
         Symbol* name_copy = create_temporary_symbol(name);
         assert(name_copy == name, "symbols don't match");
-        *inference_type =
-          VerificationType::reference_type(name_copy);
+        *inference_type = VerificationType::reference_type(name_copy);
         return 1;
       }
     case T_LONG:
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmClassMacros.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmClassMacros.hpp
index 71d6b9f22b2..76071a550f9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmClassMacros.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmClassMacros.hpp
@@ -127,6 +127,7 @@
   do_klass(CallConv_klass,                              jdk_internal_foreign_abi_CallConv                     ) \
   do_klass(ConstantCallSite_klass,                      java_lang_invoke_ConstantCallSite                     ) \
   do_klass(MutableCallSite_klass,                       java_lang_invoke_MutableCallSite                      ) \
+  do_klass(ValueObjectMethods_klass,                    java_lang_runtime_ValueObjectMethods                  ) \
   do_klass(VolatileCallSite_klass,                      java_lang_invoke_VolatileCallSite                     ) \
                                                                                                                 \
   do_klass(AssertionStatusDirectives_klass,             java_lang_AssertionStatusDirectives                   ) \
@@ -174,6 +175,30 @@
   do_klass(Long_klass,                                  java_lang_Long                                        ) \
   do_klass(Void_klass,                                  java_lang_Void                                        ) \
                                                                                                                 \
+  /* Other valhalla migrated klasses. */                                                                        \
+  do_klass(Number_klass,                                java_lang_Number                                      ) \
+  do_klass(Optional_klass,                              java_util_Optional                                    ) \
+  do_klass(OptionalInt_klass,                           java_util_OptionalInt                                 ) \
+  do_klass(OptionalLong_klass,                          java_util_OptionalLong                                ) \
+  do_klass(OptionalDouble_klass,                        java_util_OptionalDouble                              ) \
+  do_klass(LocalDate_klass,                             java_time_LocalDate                                   ) \
+  do_klass(LocalDateTime_klass,                         java_time_LocalDateTime                               ) \
+  do_klass(LocalTime_klass,                             java_time_LocalTime                                   ) \
+  do_klass(Duration_klass,                              java_time_Duration                                    ) \
+  do_klass(Instant_klass,                               java_time_Instant                                     ) \
+  do_klass(MonthDay_klass,                              java_time_MonthDay                                    ) \
+  do_klass(ZonedDateTime_klass,                         java_time_ZonedDateTime                               ) \
+  do_klass(OffsetDateTime_klass,                        java_time_OffsetDateTime                              ) \
+  do_klass(OffsetTime_klass,                            java_time_OffsetTime                                  ) \
+  do_klass(YearMonth_klass,                             java_time_YearMonth                                   ) \
+  do_klass(Year_klass,                                  java_time_Year                                        ) \
+  do_klass(Period_klass,                                java_time_Period                                      ) \
+  do_klass(chrono_ChronoLocalDateImpl_klass,            java_time_chrono_ChronoLocalDateImpl                  ) \
+  do_klass(chrono_MinguoDate_klass,                     java_time_chrono_MinguoDate                           ) \
+  do_klass(chrono_HijrahDate_klass,                     java_time_chrono_HijrahDate                           ) \
+  do_klass(chrono_JapaneseDate_klass,                   java_time_chrono_JapaneseDate                         ) \
+  do_klass(chrono_ThaiBuddhistDate_klass,               java_time_chrono_ThaiBuddhistDate                     ) \
+                                                                                                                \
   /* force inline of iterators */                                                                               \
   do_klass(Iterator_klass,                              java_util_Iterator                                    ) \
                                                                                                                 \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmIntrinsics.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmIntrinsics.cpp
index 4a1b9ead116..305890a2cbb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmIntrinsics.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmIntrinsics.cpp
@@ -265,6 +265,12 @@ bool vmIntrinsics::disabled_by_jvm_flags(vmIntrinsics::ID id) {
   case vmIntrinsics::_Class_cast:
   case vmIntrinsics::_getLength:
   case vmIntrinsics::_newArray:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_newNullRestrictedAtomicArray:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_newNullableAtomicArray:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_isFlatArray:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_isNullRestrictedArray:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_isAtomicArray:
   case vmIntrinsics::_getClass:
     if (!InlineClassNatives) return true;
     break;
@@ -345,6 +351,7 @@ bool vmIntrinsics::disabled_by_jvm_flags(vmIntrinsics::ID id) {
   case vmIntrinsics::_getLong:
   case vmIntrinsics::_getFloat:
   case vmIntrinsics::_getDouble:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_getFlatValue:
   case vmIntrinsics::_putReference:
   case vmIntrinsics::_putBoolean:
   case vmIntrinsics::_putByte:
@@ -354,6 +361,7 @@ bool vmIntrinsics::disabled_by_jvm_flags(vmIntrinsics::ID id) {
   case vmIntrinsics::_putLong:
   case vmIntrinsics::_putFloat:
   case vmIntrinsics::_putDouble:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_putFlatValue:
   case vmIntrinsics::_getReferenceVolatile:
   case vmIntrinsics::_getBooleanVolatile:
   case vmIntrinsics::_getByteVolatile:
@@ -416,6 +424,10 @@ bool vmIntrinsics::disabled_by_jvm_flags(vmIntrinsics::ID id) {
   case vmIntrinsics::_loadFence:
   case vmIntrinsics::_storeFence:
   case vmIntrinsics::_fullFence:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_arrayInstanceBaseOffset:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_arrayInstanceIndexScale:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_arrayLayout:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_getFieldMap:
   case vmIntrinsics::_compareAndSetLong:
   case vmIntrinsics::_weakCompareAndSetLong:
   case vmIntrinsics::_weakCompareAndSetLongPlain:
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmIntrinsics.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmIntrinsics.hpp
index 8833e4167f6..26fba656ce3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmIntrinsics.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmIntrinsics.hpp
@@ -326,6 +326,20 @@ class methodHandle;
   do_intrinsic(_newArray,                 java_lang_reflect_Array, newArray_name, newArray_signature,            F_SN)  \
    do_name(     newArray_name,                                    "newArray")                                           \
    do_signature(newArray_signature,                               "(Ljava/lang/Class;I)Ljava/lang/Object;")             \
+  do_intrinsic(_newNullRestrictedAtomicArray, jdk_internal_value_ValueClass, newNullRestrictedAtomicArray_name, newArray_signature3, F_SN) \
+   do_name(     newNullRestrictedAtomicArray_name,                "newNullRestrictedAtomicArray0")                      \
+  do_intrinsic(_newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray, jdk_internal_value_ValueClass, newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray_name, newArray_signature3, F_SN) \
+   do_name(     newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray_name,             "newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray0")                   \
+  do_intrinsic(_newNullableAtomicArray, jdk_internal_value_ValueClass, newNullableAtomicArray_name, newArray_signature2, F_SN) \
+   do_name(     newNullableAtomicArray_name,                      "newNullableAtomicArray0")                            \
+   do_signature(newArray_signature2,                              "(Ljava/lang/Class;I)[Ljava/lang/Object;")            \
+   do_signature(newArray_signature3,                              "(Ljava/lang/Class;ILjava/lang/Object;)[Ljava/lang/Object;") \
+  do_intrinsic(_isFlatArray, jdk_internal_value_ValueClass, isFlatArray_name, object_array_boolean_signature, F_SN)     \
+   do_name(     isFlatArray_name,                                 "isFlatArray0")                                       \
+  do_intrinsic(_isNullRestrictedArray, jdk_internal_value_ValueClass, isNullRestrictedArray_name, object_array_boolean_signature, F_SN) \
+   do_name(     isNullRestrictedArray_name,                       "isNullRestrictedArray0")                             \
+  do_intrinsic(_isAtomicArray, jdk_internal_value_ValueClass, isAtomicArray_name, object_array_boolean_signature, F_SN) \
+   do_name(     isAtomicArray_name,                               "isAtomicArray0")                                     \
                                                                                                                         \
   do_intrinsic(_onSpinWait,               java_lang_Thread,       onSpinWait_name, onSpinWait_signature,         F_S)   \
    do_name(     onSpinWait_name,                                  "onSpinWait")                                         \
@@ -707,6 +721,16 @@ class methodHandle;
   do_intrinsic(_fullFence,                jdk_internal_misc_Unsafe,     fullFence_name, fullFence_signature,           F_RN)     \
    do_name(     fullFence_name,                                         "fullFence")                                             \
    do_alias(    fullFence_signature,                                    void_method_signature)                                   \
+  do_intrinsic(_arrayInstanceBaseOffset,  jdk_internal_misc_Unsafe,     arrayInstanceBaseOffset_name, arrayProperties_signature, F_RN) \
+   do_name(     arrayInstanceBaseOffset_name,                           "arrayInstanceBaseOffset0")                              \
+   do_signature(arrayProperties_signature,                              "([Ljava/lang/Object;)I")                                \
+  do_intrinsic(_arrayInstanceIndexScale,  jdk_internal_misc_Unsafe,     arrayInstanceIndexScale_name, arrayProperties_signature, F_RN) \
+   do_name(     arrayInstanceIndexScale_name,                           "arrayInstanceIndexScale0")                              \
+  do_intrinsic(_arrayLayout,              jdk_internal_misc_Unsafe,     arrayLayout_name, arrayProperties_signature, F_RN)       \
+   do_name(     arrayLayout_name,                                       "arrayLayout0")                                          \
+  do_intrinsic(_getFieldMap,              jdk_internal_misc_Unsafe,     getFieldMap_name, getFieldMap_signature, F_RN)           \
+   do_name(     getFieldMap_name,                                       "getFieldMap0")                                          \
+   do_signature(getFieldMap_signature,                                  "(Ljava/lang/Class;)[I")                                 \
                                                                                                                         \
   /* Custom branch frequencies profiling support for JSR292 */                                                          \
   do_class(java_lang_invoke_MethodHandleImpl,               "java/lang/invoke/MethodHandleImpl")                        \
@@ -743,6 +767,8 @@ class methodHandle;
   do_signature(putFloat_signature,        "(Ljava/lang/Object;JF)V")                                                    \
   do_signature(getDouble_signature,       "(Ljava/lang/Object;J)D")                                                     \
   do_signature(putDouble_signature,       "(Ljava/lang/Object;JD)V")                                                    \
+  do_signature(getFlatValue_signature,    "(Ljava/lang/Object;JILjava/lang/Class;)Ljava/lang/Object;")                  \
+  do_signature(putFlatValue_signature,    "(Ljava/lang/Object;JILjava/lang/Class;Ljava/lang/Object;)V")                 \
                                                                                                                         \
   do_name(getReference_name,"getReference")     do_name(putReference_name,"putReference")                               \
   do_name(getBoolean_name,"getBoolean")         do_name(putBoolean_name,"putBoolean")                                   \
@@ -753,6 +779,7 @@ class methodHandle;
   do_name(getLong_name,"getLong")               do_name(putLong_name,"putLong")                                         \
   do_name(getFloat_name,"getFloat")             do_name(putFloat_name,"putFloat")                                       \
   do_name(getDouble_name,"getDouble")           do_name(putDouble_name,"putDouble")                                     \
+  do_name(getFlatValue_name,"getFlatValue")     do_name(putFlatValue_name,"putFlatValue")                               \
                                                                                                                         \
   do_intrinsic(_getReference,       jdk_internal_misc_Unsafe,     getReference_name, getReference_signature,     F_RN)  \
   do_intrinsic(_getBoolean,         jdk_internal_misc_Unsafe,     getBoolean_name, getBoolean_signature,         F_RN)  \
@@ -763,6 +790,7 @@ class methodHandle;
   do_intrinsic(_getLong,            jdk_internal_misc_Unsafe,     getLong_name, getLong_signature,               F_RN)  \
   do_intrinsic(_getFloat,           jdk_internal_misc_Unsafe,     getFloat_name, getFloat_signature,             F_RN)  \
   do_intrinsic(_getDouble,          jdk_internal_misc_Unsafe,     getDouble_name, getDouble_signature,           F_RN)  \
+  do_intrinsic(_getFlatValue,       jdk_internal_misc_Unsafe,     getFlatValue_name, getFlatValue_signature,     F_RN)  \
   do_intrinsic(_putReference,       jdk_internal_misc_Unsafe,     putReference_name, putReference_signature,     F_RN)  \
   do_intrinsic(_putBoolean,         jdk_internal_misc_Unsafe,     putBoolean_name, putBoolean_signature,         F_RN)  \
   do_intrinsic(_putByte,            jdk_internal_misc_Unsafe,     putByte_name, putByte_signature,               F_RN)  \
@@ -772,6 +800,7 @@ class methodHandle;
   do_intrinsic(_putLong,            jdk_internal_misc_Unsafe,     putLong_name, putLong_signature,               F_RN)  \
   do_intrinsic(_putFloat,           jdk_internal_misc_Unsafe,     putFloat_name, putFloat_signature,             F_RN)  \
   do_intrinsic(_putDouble,          jdk_internal_misc_Unsafe,     putDouble_name, putDouble_signature,           F_RN)  \
+  do_intrinsic(_putFlatValue,       jdk_internal_misc_Unsafe,     putFlatValue_name, putFlatValue_signature,     F_RN)  \
                                                                                                                         \
   do_name(getReferenceVolatile_name,"getReferenceVolatile")   do_name(putReferenceVolatile_name,"putReferenceVolatile") \
   do_name(getBooleanVolatile_name,"getBooleanVolatile")       do_name(putBooleanVolatile_name,"putBooleanVolatile")     \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmSymbols.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmSymbols.cpp
index bd32eac4f34..d884f7ed852 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmSymbols.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmSymbols.cpp
@@ -110,6 +110,8 @@ void vmSymbols::initialize() {
 #endif
   }
 
+  initialize_migrated_class_names();
+
 #ifdef ASSERT
   // Check for duplicates:
 
@@ -296,3 +298,44 @@ vmSymbolID vmSymbols::find_sid(const char* symbol_name) {
   if (symbol == nullptr)  return vmSymbolID::NO_SID;
   return find_sid(symbol);
 }
+
+// The list of these migrated value classes is in
+// open/make/modules/java.base/gensrc/GensrcValueClasses.gmk.
+
+Symbol* vmSymbols::_migrated_class_names[_migrated_class_names_length];
+
+void vmSymbols::initialize_migrated_class_names() {
+  int i = 0;
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_lang_Byte();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_lang_Short();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_lang_Integer();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_lang_Long();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_lang_Float();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_lang_Double();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_lang_Boolean();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_lang_Character();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_lang_Number();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_lang_Record();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_util_Optional();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_util_OptionalInt();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_util_OptionalLong();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_util_OptionalDouble();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_time_LocalDate();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_time_LocalDateTime();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_time_LocalTime();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_time_Duration();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_time_Instant();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_time_MonthDay();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_time_ZonedDateTime();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_time_OffsetDateTime();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_time_OffsetTime();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_time_YearMonth();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_time_Year();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_time_Period();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_time_chrono_ChronoLocalDateImpl();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_time_chrono_MinguoDate();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_time_chrono_HijrahDate();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_time_chrono_JapaneseDate();
+  _migrated_class_names[i++] = java_time_chrono_ThaiBuddhistDate();
+  assert(i == _migrated_class_names_length, "should be");
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmSymbols.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmSymbols.hpp
index 4337020846f..1de819967e0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmSymbols.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmSymbols.hpp
@@ -90,6 +90,31 @@ class SerializeClosure;
   template(java_lang_Long_LongCache,                  "java/lang/Long$LongCache")                 \
   template(java_lang_Void,                            "java/lang/Void")                           \
                                                                                                   \
+  /* Valhalla migrated classes. */                                                                \
+  template(java_lang_Number,                          "java/lang/Number")                         \
+  template(java_lang_Record,                          "java/lang/Record")                         \
+  template(java_util_Optional,                        "java/util/Optional")                       \
+  template(java_util_OptionalInt,                     "java/util/OptionalInt")                    \
+  template(java_util_OptionalLong,                    "java/util/OptionalLong")                   \
+  template(java_util_OptionalDouble,                  "java/util/OptionalDouble")                 \
+  template(java_time_LocalDate,                       "java/time/LocalDate")                      \
+  template(java_time_LocalDateTime,                   "java/time/LocalDateTime")                  \
+  template(java_time_LocalTime,                       "java/time/LocalTime")                      \
+  template(java_time_Duration,                        "java/time/Duration")                       \
+  template(java_time_Instant,                         "java/time/Instant")                        \
+  template(java_time_MonthDay,                        "java/time/MonthDay")                       \
+  template(java_time_ZonedDateTime,                   "java/time/ZonedDateTime")                  \
+  template(java_time_OffsetDateTime,                  "java/time/OffsetDateTime")                 \
+  template(java_time_OffsetTime,                      "java/time/OffsetTime")                     \
+  template(java_time_YearMonth,                       "java/time/YearMonth")                      \
+  template(java_time_Year,                            "java/time/Year")                           \
+  template(java_time_Period,                          "java/time/Period")                         \
+  template(java_time_chrono_ChronoLocalDateImpl,      "java/time/chrono/ChronoLocalDateImpl")     \
+  template(java_time_chrono_MinguoDate,               "java/time/chrono/MinguoDate")              \
+  template(java_time_chrono_HijrahDate,               "java/time/chrono/HijrahDate")              \
+  template(java_time_chrono_JapaneseDate,             "java/time/chrono/JapaneseDate")            \
+  template(java_time_chrono_ThaiBuddhistDate,         "java/time/chrono/ThaiBuddhistDate")        \
+                                                                                                  \
   template(jdk_internal_vm_vector_VectorSupport,      "jdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport")     \
   template(jdk_internal_vm_vector_Float16Math,        "jdk/internal/vm/vector/Float16Math")       \
   template(jdk_internal_vm_vector_VectorPayload,      "jdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport$VectorPayload") \
@@ -137,7 +162,6 @@ class SerializeClosure;
   template(java_lang_AssertionStatusDirectives,       "java/lang/AssertionStatusDirectives")      \
   template(jdk_internal_vm_PostVMInitHook,            "jdk/internal/vm/PostVMInitHook")           \
   template(java_util_Iterator,                        "java/util/Iterator")                       \
-  template(java_lang_Record,                          "java/lang/Record")                         \
   template(sun_instrument_InstrumentationImpl,        "sun/instrument/InstrumentationImpl")       \
   template(sun_invoke_util_ValueConversions,          "sun/invoke/util/ValueConversions")         \
                                                                                                   \
@@ -167,6 +191,7 @@ class SerializeClosure;
   template(tag_inner_classes,                         "InnerClasses")                             \
   template(tag_nest_members,                          "NestMembers")                              \
   template(tag_nest_host,                             "NestHost")                                 \
+  template(tag_loadable_descriptors,                  "LoadableDescriptors")                      \
   template(tag_constant_value,                        "ConstantValue")                            \
   template(tag_code,                                  "Code")                                     \
   template(tag_exceptions,                            "Exceptions")                               \
@@ -203,6 +228,7 @@ class SerializeClosure;
   template(java_lang_IllegalCallerException,          "java/lang/IllegalCallerException")         \
   template(java_lang_IllegalStateException,           "java/lang/IllegalStateException")          \
   template(java_lang_IllegalMonitorStateException,    "java/lang/IllegalMonitorStateException")   \
+  template(java_lang_IdentityException,               "java/lang/IdentityException")              \
   template(java_lang_IllegalThreadStateException,     "java/lang/IllegalThreadStateException")    \
   template(java_lang_IndexOutOfBoundsException,       "java/lang/IndexOutOfBoundsException")      \
   template(java_lang_InstantiationException,          "java/lang/InstantiationException")         \
@@ -247,6 +273,8 @@ class SerializeClosure;
   template(java_util_concurrent_locks_AbstractOwnableSynchronizer,           "java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractOwnableSynchronizer") \
   template(jdk_internal_vm_annotation_Contended_signature,                   "Ljdk/internal/vm/annotation/Contended;")    \
   template(jdk_internal_vm_annotation_ReservedStackAccess_signature,         "Ljdk/internal/vm/annotation/ReservedStackAccess;") \
+  template(jdk_internal_vm_annotation_LooselyConsistentValue_signature,      "Ljdk/internal/vm/annotation/LooselyConsistentValue;") \
+  template(jdk_internal_vm_annotation_NullRestricted_signature,              "Ljdk/internal/vm/annotation/NullRestricted;") \
   template(jdk_internal_ValueBased_signature,                                "Ljdk/internal/ValueBased;") \
                                                                                                   \
   /* class symbols needed by intrinsics */                                                        \
@@ -276,7 +304,6 @@ class SerializeClosure;
   template(returnType_name,                           "returnType")                               \
   template(signature_name,                            "signature")                                \
   template(slot_name,                                 "slot")                                     \
-  template(trusted_final_name,                        "trustedFinal")                             \
   template(blackhole_name,                            "<blackhole>")  /*fake name*/               \
                                                                                                   \
   /* Support for annotations (JDK 1.5 and above) */                                               \
@@ -496,6 +523,9 @@ class SerializeClosure;
   template(module_entry_name,                         "module_entry")                             \
   template(resolved_references_name,                  "<resolved_references>")                    \
   template(init_lock_name,                            "<init_lock>")                              \
+  template(null_reset_value_name,                     ".null_reset")                              \
+  template(acmp_maps_name,                            ".acmp_maps")                               \
+  template(empty_marker_name,                         ".empty")                                   \
   template(address_size_name,                         "ADDRESS_SIZE0")                            \
   template(page_size_name,                            "PAGE_SIZE")                                \
   template(big_endian_name,                           "BIG_ENDIAN")                               \
@@ -572,6 +602,7 @@ class SerializeClosure;
   template(class_int_signature,                       "(Ljava/lang/Class;)I")                     \
   template(class_long_signature,                      "(Ljava/lang/Class;)J")                     \
   template(class_boolean_signature,                   "(Ljava/lang/Class;)Z")                     \
+  template(class_class_signature,                     "(Ljava/lang/Class;)Ljava/lang/Class;")     \
   template(throwable_throwable_signature,             "(Ljava/lang/Throwable;)Ljava/lang/Throwable;")             \
   template(thread_void_signature,                     "(Ljava/lang/Thread;)V")                                    \
   template(runnable_void_signature,                   "(Ljava/lang/Runnable;)V")                                   \
@@ -581,6 +612,7 @@ class SerializeClosure;
   template(string_class_signature,                    "(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/Class;")                    \
   template(string_boolean_class_signature,            "(Ljava/lang/String;Z)Ljava/lang/Class;")                   \
   template(object_object_object_signature,            "(Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/Object;") \
+  template(object_object_boolean_signature,           "(Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/Object;)Z")                  \
   template(string_string_signature,                   "(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;")                   \
   template(classloader_class_string_string_long_signature,         "(Ljava/lang/ClassLoader;Ljava/lang/Class;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)J")             \
   template(byte_array_void_signature,                 "([B)V")                                                    \
@@ -593,6 +625,7 @@ class SerializeClosure;
   template(void_class_array_signature,                "()[Ljava/lang/Class;")                                     \
   template(void_string_signature,                     "()Ljava/lang/String;")                                     \
   template(object_array_object_signature,             "([Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/Object;")                  \
+  template(object_array_boolean_signature,            "([Ljava/lang/Object;)Z")                                   \
   template(object_object_array_object_signature,      "(Ljava/lang/Object;[Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/Object;")\
   template(thread_signature,                          "Ljava/lang/Thread;")                                       \
   template(thread_fieldholder_signature,              "Ljava/lang/Thread$FieldHolder;")                           \
@@ -703,6 +736,8 @@ class SerializeClosure;
   template(classRedefinedCount_name,                   "classRedefinedCount")                                     \
   template(classLoader_name,                           "classLoader")                                             \
   template(componentType_name,                         "componentType")                                           \
+  template(primaryType_name,                           "primaryType")                                             \
+  template(secondaryType_name,                         "secondaryType")                                           \
                                                                                                                   \
   /* forEachRemaining support */                                                                                  \
   template(java_util_stream_StreamsRangeIntSpliterator,          "java/util/stream/Streams$RangeIntSpliterator")  \
@@ -733,6 +768,11 @@ class SerializeClosure;
   template(toFileURL_signature,                             "(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/net/URL;")                 \
   template(sun_util_locale_BaseLocale,                      "sun/util/locale/BaseLocale")                         \
                                                                                                                   \
+  template(java_lang_runtime_ValueObjectMethods,            "java/lang/runtime/ValueObjectMethods")               \
+  template(isSubstitutable_name,                            "isSubstitutable")                                    \
+  template(valueObjectHashCode_name,                        "valueObjectHashCode")                                \
+  template(jdk_internal_value_ValueClass,                   "jdk/internal/value/ValueClass")                      \
+                                                                                                                  \
   /* jcmd Thread.dump_to_file */                                                                                  \
   template(jdk_internal_vm_ThreadDumper,           "jdk/internal/vm/ThreadDumper")                                \
   template(dumpThreads_name,                       "dumpThreads")                                                 \
@@ -813,6 +853,10 @@ class vmSymbols: AllStatic {
 
   // Field signatures indexed by BasicType.
   static Symbol* _type_signatures[T_VOID+1];
+  static void initialize_migrated_class_names();
+
+  static const int _migrated_class_names_length = 31;
+  static Symbol* _migrated_class_names[_migrated_class_names_length];
 
  public:
   // Initialization
@@ -848,6 +892,13 @@ class vmSymbols: AllStatic {
   // No need for this in the product:
   static const char* name_for(vmSymbolID sid);
 #endif //PRODUCT
+
+  template<typename Function>
+  static void migrated_class_names_do(Function f) {
+     for (int i = 0; i < _migrated_class_names_length; i++) {
+       f(_migrated_class_names[i]);
+     }
+  }
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_CLASSFILE_VMSYMBOLS_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp
index b70f89b2645..5b82e6bddad 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp
@@ -216,14 +216,16 @@ void AOTCodeCache::initialize() {
   }
 
   if (VerifyOops) {
-    // Disable AOT stubs caching when VerifyOops flag is on.
+    // Disable AOT stub caching when VerifyOops flag is on.
     // Verify oops code generated a lot of C strings which overflow
     // AOT C string table (which has fixed size).
     // AOT C string table will be reworked later to handle such cases.
-    //
-    // Note: AOT adapters are not affected - they don't have oop operations.
-    log_info(aot, codecache, init)("AOT Stubs Caching is not supported with VerifyOops.");
+    log_info(aot, codecache, init)("AOT Stub Caching is not supported with VerifyOops.");
     FLAG_SET_ERGO(AOTStubCaching, false);
+    if (InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs) {
+      log_info(aot, codecache, init)("AOT Adapter Caching is not supported with VerifyOops + InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs.");
+      FLAG_SET_ERGO(AOTAdapterCaching, false);
+    }
   }
 
   bool is_dumping = false;
@@ -1873,7 +1875,7 @@ void AOTCodeReader::read_dbg_strings(DbgStrings& dbg_strings) {
 // [_stubs_base, _stubs_base + _stubs_max -1], [_c_str_base,
 // _c_str_base + _c_str_max -1],
 
-#define _extrs_max 380
+#define _extrs_max 500
 #define _stubs_max static_cast<int>(EntryId::NUM_ENTRYIDS)
 
 #define _extrs_base 0
@@ -1931,6 +1933,9 @@ void AOTCodeAddressTable::init_extrs() {
     ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(Thread::current); // used by call_stub
     ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(SharedRuntime::throw_StackOverflowError);
     ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(SharedRuntime::throw_delayed_StackOverflowError);
+    if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+      ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(SharedRuntime::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf);
+    }
   }
 
   // Record addresses of VM runtime methods
@@ -1938,6 +1943,7 @@ void AOTCodeAddressTable::init_extrs() {
   ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(SharedRuntime::handle_wrong_method);
   ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(SharedRuntime::handle_wrong_method_abstract);
   ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(SharedRuntime::handle_wrong_method_ic_miss);
+  ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(SharedRuntime::allocate_inline_types);
 #if defined(AARCH64) && !defined(ZERO)
   ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(JavaThread::aarch64_get_thread_helper);
   ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(BarrierSetAssembler::patching_epoch_addr());
@@ -2056,6 +2062,14 @@ void AOTCodeAddressTable::init_extrs() {
     ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(Runtime1::move_appendix_patching);
     ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(Runtime1::predicate_failed_trap);
     ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(Runtime1::unimplemented_entry);
+    ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(Runtime1::new_null_free_array);
+    ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(Runtime1::load_flat_array);
+    ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(Runtime1::store_flat_array);
+    ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(Runtime1::substitutability_check);
+    ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(Runtime1::buffer_inline_args);
+    ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(Runtime1::buffer_inline_args_no_receiver);
+    ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(Runtime1::throw_identity_exception);
+    ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(Runtime1::throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception);
     // already added
     // ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(Thread::current);
     ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(CompressedKlassPointers::base_addr());
@@ -2081,6 +2095,8 @@ void AOTCodeAddressTable::init_extrs() {
     ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(OptoRuntime::rethrow_C);
     ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(OptoRuntime::slow_arraycopy_C);
     ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(OptoRuntime::register_finalizer_C);
+    ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(OptoRuntime::load_unknown_inline_C);
+    ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(OptoRuntime::store_unknown_inline_C);
     ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(OptoRuntime::vthread_end_first_transition_C);
     ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(OptoRuntime::vthread_start_final_transition_C);
     ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(OptoRuntime::vthread_start_transition_C);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp
index 88f65013938..cb7fa3b12ef 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp
@@ -302,6 +302,7 @@ class AOTStubData : public StackObj {
   do_var(bool,  UseSHA512Intrinsics) \
   do_var(bool,  UseIntPolyIntrinsics) \
   do_var(bool,  UseVectorizedMismatchIntrinsic) \
+  do_var(bool,  InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) \
   do_var(bool,  VMContinuations) \
   do_fun(int,   CompressedKlassPointers_shift,          CompressedKlassPointers::shift()) \
   do_fun(bool,  JavaAssertions_systemClassDefault,      JavaAssertions::systemClassDefault()) \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/codeBlob.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/codeBlob.cpp
index d69ae40be19..88b61d8a44d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/codeBlob.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/codeBlob.cpp
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ static_assert(!std::is_polymorphic<AdapterBlob>::value,        "no virtual metho
 static_assert(!std::is_polymorphic<VtableBlob>::value,         "no virtual methods are allowed in code blobs");
 static_assert(!std::is_polymorphic<MethodHandlesAdapterBlob>::value, "no virtual methods are allowed in code blobs");
 static_assert(!std::is_polymorphic<RuntimeStub>::value,        "no virtual methods are allowed in code blobs");
+static_assert(!std::is_polymorphic<BufferedInlineTypeBlob>::value,   "no virtual methods are allowed in code blobs");
 static_assert(!std::is_polymorphic<DeoptimizationBlob>::value, "no virtual methods are allowed in code blobs");
 static_assert(!std::is_polymorphic<SafepointBlob>::value,      "no virtual methods are allowed in code blobs");
 static_assert(!std::is_polymorphic<UpcallStub>::value,         "no virtual methods are allowed in code blobs");
@@ -94,6 +95,7 @@ const CodeBlob::Vptr* CodeBlob::vptr(CodeBlobKind kind) {
       &AdapterBlob::_vpntr,
       &VtableBlob::_vpntr,
       &MethodHandlesAdapterBlob::_vpntr,
+      &BufferedInlineTypeBlob::_vpntr,
       &RuntimeStub::_vpntr,
       &DeoptimizationBlob::_vpntr,
       &SafepointBlob::_vpntr,
@@ -432,7 +434,7 @@ BufferBlob* BufferBlob::create(const char* name, CodeBuffer* cb) {
   assert(name != nullptr, "must provide a name");
   {
     MutexLocker mu(CodeCache_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
-    blob = new (size) BufferBlob(name, CodeBlobKind::Buffer, cb, size);
+    blob = new (size) BufferBlob(name, CodeBlobKind::Buffer, cb, size, sizeof(BufferBlob));
   }
   // Track memory usage statistic after releasing CodeCache_lock
   MemoryService::track_code_cache_memory_usage();
@@ -448,14 +450,18 @@ void BufferBlob::free(BufferBlob *blob) {
   RuntimeBlob::free(blob);
 }
 
+BufferBlob::BufferBlob(const char* name, CodeBlobKind kind, CodeBuffer* cb, int size, uint16_t header_size, int frame_complete, int frame_size, OopMapSet* oop_maps, bool caller_must_gc_arguments)
+  : RuntimeBlob(name, kind, cb, size, header_size, frame_complete, frame_size, oop_maps, caller_must_gc_arguments)
+{}
+
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Implementation of AdapterBlob
 
-AdapterBlob::AdapterBlob(int size, CodeBuffer* cb, int entry_offset[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT]) :
-  BufferBlob("I2C/C2I adapters", CodeBlobKind::Adapter, cb, size, sizeof(AdapterBlob)) {
-  assert(entry_offset[I2C] == 0, "sanity check");
+AdapterBlob::AdapterBlob(int size, CodeBuffer* cb, int entry_offset[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT], int frame_complete, int frame_size, OopMapSet* oop_maps, bool caller_must_gc_arguments) :
+  BufferBlob("I2C/C2I adapters", CodeBlobKind::Adapter, cb, size, sizeof(AdapterBlob), frame_complete, frame_size, oop_maps, caller_must_gc_arguments) {
 #ifdef ASSERT
+  assert(entry_offset[I2C] == 0, "sanity check");
   for (int i = 1; i < AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT; i++) {
     // The entry is within the adapter blob or unset.
     int offset = entry_offset[i];
@@ -465,12 +471,15 @@ AdapterBlob::AdapterBlob(int size, CodeBuffer* cb, int entry_offset[AdapterBlob:
   }
 #endif // ASSERT
   _c2i_offset = entry_offset[C2I];
+  _c2i_inline_offset = entry_offset[C2I_Inline];
+  _c2i_inline_ro_offset = entry_offset[C2I_Inline_RO];
   _c2i_unverified_offset = entry_offset[C2I_Unverified];
+  _c2i_unverified_inline_offset = entry_offset[C2I_Unverified_Inline];
   _c2i_no_clinit_check_offset = entry_offset[C2I_No_Clinit_Check];
   CodeCache::commit(this);
 }
 
-AdapterBlob* AdapterBlob::create(CodeBuffer* cb, int entry_offset[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT]) {
+AdapterBlob* AdapterBlob::create(CodeBuffer* cb, int entry_offset[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT], int frame_complete, int frame_size, OopMapSet* oop_maps, bool caller_must_gc_arguments) {
   ThreadInVMfromUnknown __tiv;  // get to VM state in case we block on CodeCache_lock
 
   CodeCache::gc_on_allocation();
@@ -479,7 +488,7 @@ AdapterBlob* AdapterBlob::create(CodeBuffer* cb, int entry_offset[AdapterBlob::E
   unsigned int size = CodeBlob::allocation_size(cb, sizeof(AdapterBlob));
   {
     MutexLocker mu(CodeCache_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
-    blob = new (size) AdapterBlob(size, cb, entry_offset);
+    blob = new (size) AdapterBlob(size, cb, entry_offset, frame_complete, frame_size, oop_maps, caller_must_gc_arguments);
   }
   // Track memory usage statistic after releasing CodeCache_lock
   MemoryService::track_code_cache_memory_usage();
@@ -562,6 +571,31 @@ MethodHandlesAdapterBlob* MethodHandlesAdapterBlob::create(int buffer_size) {
   return blob;
 }
 
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Implementation of BufferedInlineTypeBlob
+BufferedInlineTypeBlob::BufferedInlineTypeBlob(int size, CodeBuffer* cb, int pack_fields_off, int pack_fields_jobject_off, int unpack_fields_off) :
+  BufferBlob("buffered inline type", CodeBlobKind::BufferedInlineType, cb, size, sizeof(BufferedInlineTypeBlob)),
+  _pack_fields_off(pack_fields_off),
+  _pack_fields_jobject_off(pack_fields_jobject_off),
+  _unpack_fields_off(unpack_fields_off) {
+  CodeCache::commit(this);
+}
+
+BufferedInlineTypeBlob* BufferedInlineTypeBlob::create(CodeBuffer* cb, int pack_fields_off, int pack_fields_jobject_off, int unpack_fields_off) {
+  ThreadInVMfromUnknown __tiv;  // get to VM state in case we block on CodeCache_lock
+
+  BufferedInlineTypeBlob* blob = nullptr;
+  unsigned int size = CodeBlob::allocation_size(cb, sizeof(BufferedInlineTypeBlob));
+  {
+    MutexLocker mu(CodeCache_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
+    blob = new (size) BufferedInlineTypeBlob(size, cb, pack_fields_off, pack_fields_jobject_off, unpack_fields_off);
+  }
+  // Track memory usage statistic after releasing CodeCache_lock
+  MemoryService::track_code_cache_memory_usage();
+
+  return blob;
+}
+
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Implementation of RuntimeStub
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/codeBlob.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/codeBlob.hpp
index 30e264fbd57..8cc6298d537 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/codeBlob.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/codeBlob.hpp
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ enum class CodeBlobType {
 //    AdapterBlob        : Used to hold C2I/I2C adapters
 //    VtableBlob         : Used for holding vtable chunks
 //    MethodHandlesAdapterBlob : Used to hold MethodHandles adapters
+//    BufferedInlineTypeBlob   : used for pack/unpack handlers
 //   RuntimeStub         : Call to VM runtime methods
 //   SingletonBlob       : Super-class for all blobs that exist in only one instance
 //    DeoptimizationBlob : Used for deoptimization
@@ -85,6 +86,7 @@ enum class CodeBlobKind : u1 {
   Adapter,
   Vtable,
   MHAdapter,
+  BufferedInlineType,
   RuntimeStub,
   Deoptimization,
   Safepoint,
@@ -218,6 +220,7 @@ class CodeBlob {
   bool is_adapter_blob() const                { return _kind == CodeBlobKind::Adapter; }
   bool is_vtable_blob() const                 { return _kind == CodeBlobKind::Vtable; }
   bool is_method_handles_adapter_blob() const { return _kind == CodeBlobKind::MHAdapter; }
+  bool is_buffered_inline_type_blob() const   { return _kind == CodeBlobKind::BufferedInlineType; }
   bool is_upcall_stub() const                 { return _kind == CodeBlobKind::Upcall; }
 
   // Casting
@@ -388,6 +391,7 @@ class BufferBlob: public RuntimeBlob {
   friend class AdapterBlob;
   friend class VtableBlob;
   friend class MethodHandlesAdapterBlob;
+  friend class BufferedInlineTypeBlob;
   friend class UpcallStub;
   friend class WhiteBox;
 
@@ -395,6 +399,7 @@ class BufferBlob: public RuntimeBlob {
   // Creation support
   BufferBlob(const char* name, CodeBlobKind kind, int size, uint16_t header_size = sizeof(BufferBlob));
   BufferBlob(const char* name, CodeBlobKind kind, CodeBuffer* cb, int size, uint16_t header_size = sizeof(BufferBlob));
+  BufferBlob(const char* name, CodeBlobKind kind, CodeBuffer* cb, int size, uint16_t header_size, int frame_complete, int frame_size, OopMapSet* oop_maps, bool caller_must_gc_arguments = false);
 
   void* operator new(size_t s, unsigned size) throw();
 
@@ -429,22 +434,40 @@ class AdapterBlob: public BufferBlob {
   enum Entry {
     I2C,
     C2I,
+    C2I_Inline,
+    C2I_Inline_RO,
     C2I_Unverified,
+    C2I_Unverified_Inline,
     C2I_No_Clinit_Check,
     ENTRY_COUNT
   };
 private:
-  AdapterBlob(int size, CodeBuffer* cb, int entry_offset[ENTRY_COUNT]);
+  AdapterBlob(int size, CodeBuffer* cb, int entry_offset[ENTRY_COUNT], int frame_complete, int frame_size, OopMapSet* oop_maps, bool caller_must_gc_arguments = false);
+
   // _i2c_offset is always 0 so no need to store it
   int _c2i_offset;
+  int _c2i_inline_offset;
+  int _c2i_inline_ro_offset;
   int _c2i_unverified_offset;
+  int _c2i_unverified_inline_offset;
   int _c2i_no_clinit_check_offset;
 public:
   // Creation
+  static AdapterBlob* create(CodeBuffer* cb,
+                             int entry_offset[ENTRY_COUNT],
+                             int frame_complete,
+                             int frame_size,
+                             OopMapSet* oop_maps,
+                             bool caller_must_gc_arguments = false);
+
+  bool caller_must_gc_arguments(JavaThread* thread) const { return true; }
   static AdapterBlob* create(CodeBuffer* cb, int entry_offset[ENTRY_COUNT]);
   address i2c_entry() { return code_begin(); }
   address c2i_entry() { return i2c_entry() + _c2i_offset; }
+  address c2i_inline_entry() { return i2c_entry() + _c2i_inline_offset; }
+  address c2i_inline_ro_entry() { return i2c_entry() + _c2i_inline_ro_offset; }
   address c2i_unverified_entry() { return i2c_entry() + _c2i_unverified_offset; }
+  address c2i_unverified_inline_entry() { return i2c_entry() + _c2i_unverified_inline_offset; }
   address c2i_no_clinit_check_entry() { return _c2i_no_clinit_check_offset == -1 ? nullptr : i2c_entry() + _c2i_no_clinit_check_offset; }
 };
 
@@ -472,6 +495,25 @@ class MethodHandlesAdapterBlob: public BufferBlob {
   static MethodHandlesAdapterBlob* create(int buffer_size);
 };
 
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// BufferedInlineTypeBlob : used for pack/unpack handlers
+
+class BufferedInlineTypeBlob: public BufferBlob {
+private:
+  const int _pack_fields_off;
+  const int _pack_fields_jobject_off;
+  const int _unpack_fields_off;
+
+  BufferedInlineTypeBlob(int size, CodeBuffer* cb, int pack_fields_off, int pack_fields_jobject_off, int unpack_fields_off);
+
+public:
+  // Creation
+  static BufferedInlineTypeBlob* create(CodeBuffer* cb, int pack_fields_off, int pack_fields_jobject_off, int unpack_fields_off);
+
+  address pack_fields() const { return code_begin() + _pack_fields_off; }
+  address pack_fields_jobject() const { return code_begin() + _pack_fields_jobject_off; }
+  address unpack_fields() const { return code_begin() + _unpack_fields_off; }
+};
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // RuntimeStub: describes stubs used by compiled code to call a (static) C++ runtime routine
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/compiledIC.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/compiledIC.cpp
index 07d96d6cd44..69434488ca5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/compiledIC.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/compiledIC.cpp
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ void CompiledIC::set_to_clean() {
   _call->set_destination_mt_safe(SharedRuntime::get_resolve_virtual_call_stub());
 }
 
-void CompiledIC::set_to_monomorphic() {
+void CompiledIC::set_to_monomorphic(bool caller_is_c1) {
   assert(data()->is_initialized(), "must be initialized");
   Method* method = data()->speculated_method();
   nmethod* code = method->code();
@@ -200,9 +200,9 @@ void CompiledIC::set_to_monomorphic() {
   bool to_compiled = code != nullptr && code->is_in_use() && !code->is_unloading();
 
   if (to_compiled) {
-    entry = code->entry_point();
+    entry = caller_is_c1 ? code->inline_entry_point() : code->entry_point();
   } else {
-    entry = method->get_c2i_unverified_entry();
+    entry = caller_is_c1 ? method->get_c2i_unverified_inline_entry() : method->get_c2i_unverified_entry();
   }
 
   log_trace(inlinecache)("IC@" INTPTR_FORMAT ": monomorphic to %s: %s",
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ void CompiledIC::set_to_monomorphic() {
   _call->set_destination_mt_safe(entry);
 }
 
-void CompiledIC::set_to_megamorphic(CallInfo* call_info) {
+void CompiledIC::set_to_megamorphic(CallInfo* call_info, bool caller_is_c1) {
   assert(data()->is_initialized(), "must be initialized");
 
   address entry;
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ void CompiledIC::set_to_megamorphic(CallInfo* call_info) {
     return;
   } else if (call_info->call_kind() == CallInfo::itable_call) {
     int itable_index = call_info->itable_index();
-    entry = VtableStubs::find_itable_stub(itable_index);
+    entry = VtableStubs::find_itable_stub(itable_index, caller_is_c1);
     if (entry == nullptr) {
       return;
     }
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ void CompiledIC::set_to_megamorphic(CallInfo* call_info) {
     // Can be different than selected_method->vtable_index(), due to package-private etc.
     int vtable_index = call_info->vtable_index();
     assert(call_info->resolved_klass()->verify_vtable_index(vtable_index), "sanity check");
-    entry = VtableStubs::find_vtable_stub(vtable_index);
+    entry = VtableStubs::find_vtable_stub(vtable_index, caller_is_c1);
     if (entry == nullptr) {
       return;
     }
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ void CompiledIC::set_to_megamorphic(CallInfo* call_info) {
   assert(is_megamorphic(), "sanity check");
 }
 
-void CompiledIC::update(CallInfo* call_info, Klass* receiver_klass) {
+void CompiledIC::update(CallInfo* call_info, Klass* receiver_klass, bool caller_is_c1) {
   // If this is the first time we fix the inline cache, we ensure it's initialized
   ensure_initialized(call_info, receiver_klass);
 
@@ -266,11 +266,11 @@ void CompiledIC::update(CallInfo* call_info, Klass* receiver_klass) {
   if (is_speculated_klass(receiver_klass)) {
     // If the speculated class matches the receiver klass, we can speculate that will
     // continue to be the case with a monomorphic inline cache
-    set_to_monomorphic();
+    set_to_monomorphic(caller_is_c1);
   } else {
     // If the dynamic type speculation fails, we try to transform to a megamorphic state
     // for the inline cache using stubs to dispatch in tables
-    set_to_megamorphic(call_info);
+    set_to_megamorphic(call_info, caller_is_c1);
   }
 }
 
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ void CompiledDirectCall::set_to_clean() {
   log_debug(inlinecache)("DC@" INTPTR_FORMAT ": set to clean", p2i(_call->instruction_address()));
 }
 
-void CompiledDirectCall::set(const methodHandle& callee_method) {
+void CompiledDirectCall::set(const methodHandle& callee_method, bool caller_is_c1) {
   nmethod* code = callee_method->code();
   nmethod* caller = CodeCache::find_nmethod(instruction_address());
   assert(caller != nullptr, "did not find caller nmethod");
@@ -346,13 +346,13 @@ void CompiledDirectCall::set(const methodHandle& callee_method) {
   bool to_compiled = !to_interp_cont_enter && code != nullptr && code->is_in_use() && !code->is_unloading();
 
   if (to_compiled) {
-    _call->set_destination_mt_safe(code->verified_entry_point());
+    _call->set_destination_mt_safe(caller_is_c1 ? code->verified_inline_entry_point() : code->verified_entry_point());
     assert(is_call_to_compiled(), "should be compiled after set to compiled");
   } else {
     // Patch call site to C2I adapter if code is deoptimized or unloaded.
     // We also need to patch the static call stub to set the rmethod register
     // to the callee_method so the c2i adapter knows how to build the frame
-    set_to_interpreted(callee_method, callee_method->get_c2i_entry());
+    set_to_interpreted(callee_method, caller_is_c1 ? callee_method->get_c2i_inline_entry() : callee_method->get_c2i_entry());
     assert(is_call_to_interpreted(), "should be interpreted after set to interpreted");
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/compiledIC.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/compiledIC.hpp
index a42e09dc821..3ec4464e63f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/compiledIC.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/compiledIC.hpp
@@ -108,8 +108,8 @@ class CompiledIC: public ResourceObj {
   bool is_speculated_klass(Klass* receiver_klass);
 
   // Inline cache states
-  void set_to_monomorphic();
-  void set_to_megamorphic(CallInfo* call_info);
+  void set_to_monomorphic(bool caller_is_c1);
+  void set_to_megamorphic(CallInfo* call_info, bool caller_is_c1);
 
 public:
   // conversion (machine PC to CompiledIC*)
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ class CompiledIC: public ResourceObj {
   // MT-safe patching of inline caches. Note: Only safe to call is_xxx when holding the CompiledICLocker
   // so you are guaranteed that no patching takes place. The same goes for verify.
   void set_to_clean();
-  void update(CallInfo* call_info, Klass* receiver_klass);
+  void update(CallInfo* call_info, Klass* receiver_klass, bool caller_is_c1);
 
   // GC support
   void clean_metadata();
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ CompiledIC* CompiledIC_at(RelocIterator* reloc_iter);
 //           -----<----- Clean ----->-----
 //          /                             \
 //         /                               \
-//    compilled code <------------> interpreted code
+//    compiled code <------------> interpreted code
 //
 //  Clean:            Calls directly to runtime method for fixup
 //  Compiled code:    Calls directly to compiled code
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ class CompiledDirectCall : public ResourceObj {
   // Clean static call (will force resolving on next use)
   void set_to_clean();
 
-  void set(const methodHandle& callee_method);
+  void set(const methodHandle& callee_method, bool caller_is_c1);
 
   // State
   bool is_clean() const;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/debugInfo.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/debugInfo.cpp
index 6b9c668f997..0190437cac4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/debugInfo.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/debugInfo.cpp
@@ -161,6 +161,7 @@ void ObjectValue::set_value(oop value) {
 void ObjectValue::read_object(DebugInfoReadStream* stream) {
   _is_root = stream->read_bool();
   _klass = read_from(stream);
+  _properties = read_from(stream);
   assert(_klass->is_constant_oop(), "should be constant java mirror oop");
   int length = stream->read_int();
   for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
@@ -179,6 +180,7 @@ void ObjectValue::write_on(DebugInfoWriteStream* stream) {
     stream->write_int(_id);
     stream->write_bool(_is_root);
     _klass->write_on(stream);
+    _properties->write_on(stream);
     int length = _field_values.length();
     stream->write_int(length);
     for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/debugInfo.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/debugInfo.hpp
index 6aba5b67cb6..182c46c6274 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/debugInfo.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/debugInfo.hpp
@@ -130,6 +130,7 @@ class ObjectValue: public ScopeValue {
  protected:
   int                        _id;
   ScopeValue*                _klass;
+  ScopeValue*                _properties; // Used to pass additional data like the null marker or array properties.
   GrowableArray<ScopeValue*> _field_values;
   Handle                     _value;
   bool                       _visited;
@@ -140,9 +141,10 @@ class ObjectValue: public ScopeValue {
                                          // Otherwise false, meaning it's just a candidate
                                          // in an object allocation merge.
  public:
-  ObjectValue(int id, ScopeValue* klass = nullptr, bool is_scalar_replaced = true)
+  ObjectValue(int id, ScopeValue* klass = nullptr, bool is_scalar_replaced = true, ScopeValue* properties = nullptr)
      : _id(id)
      , _klass(klass)
+     , _properties((properties == nullptr) ? new MarkerValue() : properties)
      , _field_values()
      , _value()
      , _visited(false)
@@ -155,6 +157,7 @@ class ObjectValue: public ScopeValue {
   bool                        is_object() const           { return true; }
   int                         id() const                  { return _id; }
   virtual ScopeValue*         klass() const               { return _klass; }
+  virtual ScopeValue*         properties() const          { return _properties; }
   virtual GrowableArray<ScopeValue*>* field_values()      { return &_field_values; }
   virtual ScopeValue*         field_at(int i) const       { return _field_values.at(i); }
   virtual int                 field_size()                { return _field_values.length(); }
@@ -162,6 +165,7 @@ class ObjectValue: public ScopeValue {
   bool                        is_visited() const          { return _visited; }
   bool                        is_scalar_replaced() const  { return _is_scalar_replaced; }
   bool                        is_root() const             { return _is_root; }
+  bool                        has_properties() const      { return !_properties->is_marker(); }
 
   void                        set_id(int id)                   { _id = id; }
   virtual void                set_value(oop value);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/debugInfoRec.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/debugInfoRec.cpp
index 41d944ec76f..9eda46ad682 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/debugInfoRec.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/debugInfoRec.cpp
@@ -284,6 +284,7 @@ void DebugInformationRecorder::describe_scope(int         pc_offset,
                                               bool        reexecute,
                                               bool        rethrow_exception,
                                               bool        return_oop,
+                                              bool        return_scalarized,
                                               bool        has_ea_local_in_scope,
                                               bool        arg_escape,
                                               DebugToken* locals,
@@ -301,6 +302,7 @@ void DebugInformationRecorder::describe_scope(int         pc_offset,
   last_pd->set_should_reexecute(reexecute);
   last_pd->set_rethrow_exception(rethrow_exception);
   last_pd->set_return_oop(return_oop);
+  last_pd->set_return_scalarized(return_scalarized);
   last_pd->set_has_ea_local_in_scope(has_ea_local_in_scope);
   last_pd->set_arg_escape(arg_escape);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/debugInfoRec.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/debugInfoRec.hpp
index d18208e17c4..b38f663f34f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/debugInfoRec.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/debugInfoRec.hpp
@@ -106,6 +106,7 @@ class DebugInformationRecorder: public ResourceObj {
                       bool        reexecute,
                       bool        rethrow_exception = false,
                       bool        return_oop = false,
+                      bool        return_scalarized = false,
                       bool        has_ea_local_in_scope = false,
                       bool        arg_escape = false,
                       DebugToken* locals      = nullptr,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/dependencies.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/dependencies.cpp
index dd92e594f4d..627b72dfcd3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/dependencies.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/dependencies.cpp
@@ -79,6 +79,10 @@ void Dependencies::assert_evol_method(ciMethod* m) {
   assert_common_1(evol_method, m);
 }
 
+void Dependencies::assert_mismatch_calling_convention(ciMethod* m) {
+  assert_common_1(mismatch_calling_convention, m);
+}
+
 void Dependencies::assert_leaf_type(ciKlass* ctxk) {
   if (ctxk->is_array_klass()) {
     // As a special case, support this assertion on an array type,
@@ -356,6 +360,7 @@ void Dependencies::encode_content_bytes() {
 const char* Dependencies::_dep_name[TYPE_LIMIT] = {
   "end_marker",
   "evol_method",
+  "mismatch_calling_convention",
   "leaf_type",
   "abstract_with_unique_concrete_subtype",
   "unique_concrete_method",
@@ -367,6 +372,7 @@ const char* Dependencies::_dep_name[TYPE_LIMIT] = {
 int Dependencies::_dep_args[TYPE_LIMIT] = {
   -1,// end_marker
   1, // evol_method m
+  1, // mismatch_calling_convention m
   1, // leaf_type ctxk
   2, // abstract_with_unique_concrete_subtype ctxk, k
   4, // unique_concrete_method ctxk, m, resolved_klass, resolved_method
@@ -1297,8 +1303,16 @@ Klass* Dependencies::check_evol_method(Method* m) {
   // Did somebody do a JVMTI RedefineClasses while our backs were turned?
   // Or is there a now a breakpoint?
   // (Assumes compiled code cannot handle bkpts; change if UseFastBreakpoints.)
-  if (m->is_old()
-      || m->number_of_breakpoints() > 0) {
+  if (m->is_old() || m->number_of_breakpoints() > 0) {
+    return m->method_holder();
+  } else {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+}
+
+Klass* Dependencies::check_mismatch_calling_convention(Method* m) {
+  assert(must_be_in_vm(), "raw oops here");
+  if (m->mismatch()) {
     return m->method_holder();
   } else {
     return nullptr;
@@ -1508,6 +1522,9 @@ Klass* Dependencies::DepStream::check_new_klass_dependency(NewKlassDepChange* ch
   case evol_method:
     witness = check_evol_method(method_argument(0));
     break;
+  case mismatch_calling_convention:
+    witness = check_mismatch_calling_convention(method_argument(0));
+    break;
   case leaf_type:
     witness = check_leaf_type(context_type());
     break;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/dependencies.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/dependencies.hpp
index b7b43b98a70..ee756e1fbf2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/dependencies.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/dependencies.hpp
@@ -114,6 +114,14 @@ class Dependencies: public ResourceObj {
     evol_method,
     FIRST_TYPE = evol_method,
 
+    // This dependency means that some argument of this method was
+    // assumed to be always passed in scalarized form. In case of
+    // a mismatch with two super methods (one assuming scalarized
+    // and one assuming non-scalarized), all callers of this method
+    // (via virtual calls) now need to be recompiled.
+    // See CompiledEntrySignature::compute_calling_conventions
+    mismatch_calling_convention,
+
     // A context type CX is a leaf it if has no proper subtype.
     leaf_type,
 
@@ -159,7 +167,7 @@ class Dependencies: public ResourceObj {
     non_klass_types     = (1 << call_site_target_value),
     klass_types         = all_types & ~non_klass_types,
 
-    non_ctxk_types      = (1 << evol_method) | (1 << call_site_target_value),
+    non_ctxk_types      = (1 << evol_method) | (1 << mismatch_calling_convention) | (1 << call_site_target_value),
     implicit_ctxk_types = 0,
     explicit_ctxk_types = all_types & ~(non_ctxk_types | implicit_ctxk_types),
 
@@ -172,7 +180,9 @@ class Dependencies: public ResourceObj {
     // If a dependency does not have a context type, there is a
     // default context, depending on the type of the dependency.
     // This bit signals that a default context has been compressed away.
-    default_context_type_bit = (1<<LG2_TYPE_LIMIT)
+    default_context_type_bit = (1<<LG2_TYPE_LIMIT),
+
+    method_types = (1 << evol_method) | (1 << mismatch_calling_convention),
   };
 
   static const char* dep_name(DepType dept);
@@ -183,6 +193,8 @@ class Dependencies: public ResourceObj {
   static bool has_explicit_context_arg(DepType dept) { return dept_in_mask(dept, explicit_ctxk_types); }
   static bool has_implicit_context_arg(DepType dept) { return dept_in_mask(dept, implicit_ctxk_types); }
 
+  static bool has_method_dep(DepType dept) { return dept_in_mask(dept, method_types); }
+
   static int           dep_context_arg(DepType dept) { return has_explicit_context_arg(dept) ? 0 : -1; }
   static int  dep_implicit_context_arg(DepType dept) { return has_implicit_context_arg(dept) ? 0 : -1; }
 
@@ -261,6 +273,7 @@ class Dependencies: public ResourceObj {
  public:
   // Adding assertions to a new dependency set at compile time:
   void assert_evol_method(ciMethod* m);
+  void assert_mismatch_calling_convention(ciMethod* m);
   void assert_leaf_type(ciKlass* ctxk);
   void assert_abstract_with_unique_concrete_subtype(ciKlass* ctxk, ciKlass* conck);
   void assert_unique_concrete_method(ciKlass* ctxk, ciMethod* uniqm, ciKlass* resolved_klass, ciMethod* resolved_method);
@@ -305,6 +318,7 @@ class Dependencies: public ResourceObj {
 
   // Checking old assertions at run-time (in the VM only):
   static Klass* check_evol_method(Method* m);
+  static Klass* check_mismatch_calling_convention(Method* m);
   static Klass* check_leaf_type(InstanceKlass* ctxk);
   static Klass* check_abstract_with_unique_concrete_subtype(InstanceKlass* ctxk, Klass* conck, NewKlassDepChange* changes = nullptr);
   static Klass* check_unique_implementor(InstanceKlass* ctxk, Klass* uniqk, NewKlassDepChange* changes = nullptr);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/nmethod.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/nmethod.cpp
index 5d7df498102..3a8fd444f3b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/nmethod.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/nmethod.cpp
@@ -688,6 +688,17 @@ void nmethod::preserve_callee_argument_oops(frame fr, const RegisterMap *reg_map
       has_receiver = !(callee->access_flags().is_static());
       has_appendix = false;
       signature    = callee->signature();
+
+      // If inline types are passed as fields, use the extended signature
+      // which contains the types of all (oop) fields of the inline type.
+      if (is_compiled_by_c2() && callee->has_scalarized_args()) {
+        const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig = callee->adapter()->get_sig_cc();
+        assert(sig != nullptr, "sig should never be null");
+        TempNewSymbol tmp_sig = SigEntry::create_symbol(sig);
+        has_receiver = false; // The extended signature contains the receiver type
+        fr.oops_compiled_arguments_do(tmp_sig, has_receiver, has_appendix, reg_map, f);
+        return;
+      }
     } else {
       SimpleScopeDesc ssd(this, pc);
 
@@ -1187,6 +1198,10 @@ void nmethod::init_defaults(CodeBuffer *code_buffer, CodeOffsets* offsets) {
   CHECKED_CAST(_entry_offset,              uint16_t, (offsets->value(CodeOffsets::Entry)));
   CHECKED_CAST(_verified_entry_offset,     uint16_t, (offsets->value(CodeOffsets::Verified_Entry)));
 
+  _inline_entry_offset             = _entry_offset;
+  _verified_inline_entry_offset    = _verified_entry_offset;
+  _verified_inline_ro_entry_offset = _verified_entry_offset;
+
   _skipped_instructions_size = code_buffer->total_skipped_instructions_size();
 }
 
@@ -1234,7 +1249,7 @@ nmethod::nmethod(
   {
     DEBUG_ONLY(NoSafepointVerifier nsv;)
     assert_locked_or_safepoint(CodeCache_lock);
-
+    assert(!method->has_scalarized_args(), "scalarized native wrappers not supported yet");
     init_defaults(code_buffer, offsets);
 
     _osr_entry_point         = nullptr;
@@ -1375,14 +1390,21 @@ nmethod::nmethod(const nmethod &nm) : CodeBlob(nm._name, nm._kind, nm._size, nm.
   _oops_do_mark_link            = nullptr;
   _compiled_ic_data             = nullptr;
 
-  if (nm._osr_entry_point != nullptr) {
-    _osr_entry_point            = (nm._osr_entry_point - (address) &nm) + (address) this;
+  // Relocate the OSR entry point from nm to the new nmethod.
+  if (nm._osr_entry_point == nullptr) {
+    _osr_entry_point = nullptr;
   } else {
-    _osr_entry_point            = nullptr;
+    address new_addr = nm._osr_entry_point - (address) &nm + (address) this;
+    assert(new_addr >= code_begin() && new_addr < code_end(),
+           "relocated address must be within code bounds");
+    _osr_entry_point = new_addr;
   }
-
   _entry_offset                 = nm._entry_offset;
   _verified_entry_offset        = nm._verified_entry_offset;
+  _inline_entry_offset             = nm._inline_entry_offset;
+  _verified_inline_entry_offset    = nm._verified_inline_entry_offset;
+  _verified_inline_ro_entry_offset = nm._verified_inline_ro_entry_offset;
+
   _entry_bci                    = nm._entry_bci;
   _immutable_data_size          = nm._immutable_data_size;
 
@@ -1657,6 +1679,16 @@ nmethod::nmethod(
     }
 
     int metadata_size = align_up(code_buffer->total_metadata_size(), wordSize);
+    if (offsets->value(CodeOffsets::Inline_Entry) != CodeOffsets::no_such_entry_point) {
+      CHECKED_CAST(_inline_entry_offset            , uint16_t, offsets->value(CodeOffsets::Inline_Entry));
+    }
+    if (offsets->value(CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry) != CodeOffsets::no_such_entry_point) {
+      CHECKED_CAST(_verified_inline_entry_offset   , uint16_t, offsets->value(CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry));
+    }
+    if (offsets->value(CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry_RO) != CodeOffsets::no_such_entry_point) {
+      CHECKED_CAST(_verified_inline_ro_entry_offset, uint16_t, offsets->value(CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry_RO));
+    }
+
     assert(_mutable_data_size == _relocation_size + metadata_size,
            "wrong mutable data size: %d != %d + %d",
            _mutable_data_size, _relocation_size, metadata_size);
@@ -3079,10 +3111,10 @@ bool nmethod::check_dependency_on(DepChange& changes) {
 // Called from mark_for_deoptimization, when dependee is invalidated.
 bool nmethod::is_dependent_on_method(Method* dependee) {
   for (Dependencies::DepStream deps(this); deps.next(); ) {
-    if (deps.type() != Dependencies::evol_method)
-      continue;
-    Method* method = deps.method_argument(0);
-    if (method == dependee) return true;
+    if (Dependencies::has_method_dep(deps.type())) {
+      Method* method = deps.method_argument(0);
+      if (method == dependee) return true;
+    }
   }
   return false;
 }
@@ -3278,11 +3310,11 @@ void nmethod::print_on_impl(outputStream* st) const {
                                              p2i(oops_begin()),
                                              p2i(oops_end()),
                                              oops_size());
-  if (mutable_data_size() > 0) st->print_cr(" mutable data [" INTPTR_FORMAT "," INTPTR_FORMAT "] = %d",
+  if (mutable_data_size () > 0) st->print_cr(" mutable data   [" INTPTR_FORMAT "," INTPTR_FORMAT "] = %d",
                                              p2i(mutable_data_begin()),
                                              p2i(mutable_data_end()),
                                              mutable_data_size());
-  if (relocation_size() > 0)   st->print_cr(" relocation     [" INTPTR_FORMAT "," INTPTR_FORMAT "] = %d",
+  if (relocation_size   () > 0) st->print_cr(" relocation     [" INTPTR_FORMAT "," INTPTR_FORMAT "] = %d",
                                              p2i(relocation_begin()),
                                              p2i(relocation_end()),
                                              relocation_size());
@@ -3845,7 +3877,6 @@ const char* nmethod::reloc_string_for(u_char* begin, u_char* end) {
         case relocInfo::poll_type:             return "poll";
         case relocInfo::poll_return_type:      return "poll_return";
         case relocInfo::trampoline_stub_type:  return "trampoline_stub";
-        case relocInfo::entry_guard_type:      return "entry_guard";
         case relocInfo::post_call_nop_type:    return "post_call_nop";
         case relocInfo::barrier_type: {
           barrier_Relocation* const reloc = iter.barrier_reloc();
@@ -3879,7 +3910,10 @@ const char* nmethod::nmethod_section_label(address pos) const {
   const char* label = nullptr;
   if (pos == code_begin())                                              label = "[Instructions begin]";
   if (pos == entry_point())                                             label = "[Entry Point]";
+  if (pos == inline_entry_point())                                      label = "[Inline Entry Point]";
   if (pos == verified_entry_point())                                    label = "[Verified Entry Point]";
+  if (pos == verified_inline_entry_point())                             label = "[Verified Inline Entry Point]";
+  if (pos == verified_inline_ro_entry_point())                          label = "[Verified Inline Entry Point (RO)]";
   if (pos == consts_begin() && pos != insts_begin())                    label = "[Constants]";
   // Check stub_code before checking exception_handler or deopt_handler.
   if (pos == this->stub_begin())                                        label = "[Stub Code]";
@@ -3888,105 +3922,147 @@ const char* nmethod::nmethod_section_label(address pos) const {
   return label;
 }
 
+static int maybe_print_entry_label(outputStream* stream, address pos, address entry, const char* label) {
+  if (pos == entry) {
+    stream->bol();
+    stream->print_cr("%s", label);
+    return 1;
+  } else {
+    return 0;
+  }
+}
+
 void nmethod::print_nmethod_labels(outputStream* stream, address block_begin, bool print_section_labels) const {
   if (print_section_labels) {
-    const char* label = nmethod_section_label(block_begin);
-    if (label != nullptr) {
-      stream->bol();
-      stream->print_cr("%s", label);
+    int n = 0;
+    // Multiple entry points may be at the same position. Print them all.
+    n += maybe_print_entry_label(stream, block_begin, entry_point(),                    "[Entry Point]");
+    n += maybe_print_entry_label(stream, block_begin, inline_entry_point(),             "[Inline Entry Point]");
+    n += maybe_print_entry_label(stream, block_begin, verified_entry_point(),           "[Verified Entry Point]");
+    n += maybe_print_entry_label(stream, block_begin, verified_inline_entry_point(),    "[Verified Inline Entry Point]");
+    n += maybe_print_entry_label(stream, block_begin, verified_inline_ro_entry_point(), "[Verified Inline Entry Point (RO)]");
+    if (n == 0) {
+      const char* label = nmethod_section_label(block_begin);
+      if (label != nullptr) {
+        stream->bol();
+        stream->print_cr("%s", label);
+      }
     }
   }
 
-  if (block_begin == entry_point()) {
-    Method* m = method();
-    if (m != nullptr) {
-      stream->print("  # ");
-      m->print_value_on(stream);
-      stream->cr();
+  Method* m = method();
+  if (m == nullptr || is_osr_method()) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Print the name of the method (only once)
+  address low = MIN3(entry_point(),
+                     verified_entry_point(),
+                     inline_entry_point());
+  // The verified inline entry point and verified inline RO entry point are not always
+  // used. When they are unused. CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry(_RO) is -1. Hence,
+  // the calculated entry point is smaller than the block they are offsetting into.
+  if (verified_inline_entry_point() >= block_begin) {
+    low = MIN2(low, verified_inline_entry_point());
+  }
+  if (verified_inline_ro_entry_point() >= block_begin) {
+    low = MIN2(low, verified_inline_ro_entry_point());
+  }
+  assert(low != nullptr, "sanity");
+  if (block_begin == low) {
+    stream->print("  # ");
+    m->print_value_on(stream);
+    stream->cr();
+  }
+
+  // Print the arguments for the 3 types of verified entry points
+  CompiledEntrySignature ces(m);
+  ces.compute_calling_conventions(false);
+  const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_cc;
+  const VMRegPair* regs;
+  if (block_begin == verified_entry_point()) {
+    sig_cc = ces.sig_cc();
+    regs = ces.regs_cc();
+  } else if (block_begin == verified_inline_entry_point()) {
+    sig_cc = ces.sig();
+    regs = ces.regs();
+  } else if (block_begin == verified_inline_ro_entry_point()) {
+    sig_cc = ces.sig_cc_ro();
+    regs = ces.regs_cc_ro();
+  } else {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  bool has_this = !m->is_static();
+  if (ces.has_inline_recv() && block_begin == verified_entry_point()) {
+    // <this> argument is scalarized for verified_entry_point()
+    has_this = false;
+  }
+  const char* spname = "sp"; // make arch-specific?
+  int stack_slot_offset = this->frame_size() * wordSize;
+  int tab1 = 14, tab2 = 24;
+  int sig_index = 0;
+  int arg_index = has_this ? -1 : 0;
+  bool did_old_sp = false;
+  for (ExtendedSignature sig = ExtendedSignature(sig_cc, SigEntryFilter()); !sig.at_end(); ++sig) {
+    bool at_this = (arg_index == -1);
+    bool at_old_sp = false;
+    BasicType t = (*sig)._bt;
+    if (at_this) {
+      stream->print("  # this: ");
+    } else {
+      stream->print("  # parm%d: ", arg_index);
     }
-    if (m != nullptr && !is_osr_method()) {
-      ResourceMark rm;
-      int sizeargs = m->size_of_parameters();
-      BasicType* sig_bt = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(BasicType, sizeargs);
-      VMRegPair* regs   = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(VMRegPair, sizeargs);
-      {
-        int sig_index = 0;
-        if (!m->is_static())
-          sig_bt[sig_index++] = T_OBJECT; // 'this'
-        for (SignatureStream ss(m->signature()); !ss.at_return_type(); ss.next()) {
-          BasicType t = ss.type();
-          sig_bt[sig_index++] = t;
-          if (type2size[t] == 2) {
-            sig_bt[sig_index++] = T_VOID;
-          } else {
-            assert(type2size[t] == 1, "size is 1 or 2");
-          }
-        }
-        assert(sig_index == sizeargs, "");
+    stream->move_to(tab1);
+    VMReg fst = regs[sig_index].first();
+    VMReg snd = regs[sig_index].second();
+    if (fst->is_reg()) {
+      stream->print("%s", fst->name());
+      if (snd->is_valid())  {
+        stream->print(":%s", snd->name());
       }
-      const char* spname = "sp"; // make arch-specific?
-      SharedRuntime::java_calling_convention(sig_bt, regs, sizeargs);
-      int stack_slot_offset = this->frame_size() * wordSize;
-      int tab1 = 14, tab2 = 24;
-      int sig_index = 0;
-      int arg_index = (m->is_static() ? 0 : -1);
-      bool did_old_sp = false;
-      for (SignatureStream ss(m->signature()); !ss.at_return_type(); ) {
-        bool at_this = (arg_index == -1);
-        bool at_old_sp = false;
-        BasicType t = (at_this ? T_OBJECT : ss.type());
-        assert(t == sig_bt[sig_index], "sigs in sync");
-        if (at_this)
-          stream->print("  # this: ");
-        else
-          stream->print("  # parm%d: ", arg_index);
-        stream->move_to(tab1);
-        VMReg fst = regs[sig_index].first();
-        VMReg snd = regs[sig_index].second();
-        if (fst->is_reg()) {
-          stream->print("%s", fst->name());
-          if (snd->is_valid())  {
-            stream->print(":%s", snd->name());
-          }
-        } else if (fst->is_stack()) {
-          int offset = fst->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size + stack_slot_offset;
-          if (offset == stack_slot_offset)  at_old_sp = true;
-          stream->print("[%s+0x%x]", spname, offset);
-        } else {
-          stream->print("reg%d:%d??", (int)(intptr_t)fst, (int)(intptr_t)snd);
-        }
-        stream->print(" ");
-        stream->move_to(tab2);
-        stream->print("= ");
-        if (at_this) {
-          m->method_holder()->print_value_on(stream);
-        } else {
-          bool did_name = false;
-          if (!at_this && ss.is_reference()) {
-            Symbol* name = ss.as_symbol();
-            name->print_value_on(stream);
-            did_name = true;
-          }
-          if (!did_name)
-            stream->print("%s", type2name(t));
-        }
-        if (at_old_sp) {
-          stream->print("  (%s of caller)", spname);
-          did_old_sp = true;
-        }
-        stream->cr();
-        sig_index += type2size[t];
-        arg_index += 1;
-        if (!at_this)  ss.next();
+    } else if (fst->is_stack()) {
+      int offset = fst->reg2stack() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size + stack_slot_offset;
+      if (offset == stack_slot_offset)  at_old_sp = true;
+      stream->print("[%s+0x%x]", spname, offset);
+    } else {
+      stream->print("reg%d:%d??", (int)(intptr_t)fst, (int)(intptr_t)snd);
+    }
+    stream->print(" ");
+    stream->move_to(tab2);
+    stream->print("= ");
+    if (at_this) {
+      m->method_holder()->print_value_on(stream);
+    } else {
+      bool did_name = false;
+      if (is_reference_type(t) && !(*sig)._vt_oop) {
+        Symbol* name = (*sig)._name;
+        name->print_value_on(stream);
+        did_name = true;
+      }
+      if (!did_name)
+        stream->print("%s", type2name(t));
+      if ((*sig)._null_marker) {
+        stream->print(" (null marker)");
       }
-      if (!did_old_sp) {
-        stream->print("  # ");
-        stream->move_to(tab1);
-        stream->print("[%s+0x%x]", spname, stack_slot_offset);
-        stream->print("  (%s of caller)", spname);
-        stream->cr();
+      if ((*sig)._vt_oop) {
+        stream->print(" (VT OOP)");
       }
     }
+    if (at_old_sp) {
+      stream->print("  (%s of caller)", spname);
+      did_old_sp = true;
+    }
+    stream->cr();
+    sig_index += type2size[t];
+    arg_index += 1;
+  }
+  if (!did_old_sp) {
+    stream->print("  # ");
+    stream->move_to(tab1);
+    stream->print("[%s+0x%x]", spname, stack_slot_offset);
+    stream->print("  (%s of caller)", spname);
+    stream->cr();
   }
 }
 
@@ -4105,7 +4181,7 @@ void nmethod::print_code_comment_on(outputStream* st, int column, address begin,
           break;
         }
       }
-      st->print(" {reexecute=%d rethrow=%d return_oop=%d}", sd->should_reexecute(), sd->rethrow_exception(), sd->return_oop());
+      st->print(" {reexecute=%d rethrow=%d return_oop=%d return_scalarized=%d}", sd->should_reexecute(), sd->rethrow_exception(), sd->return_oop(), sd->return_scalarized());
     }
 
     // Print all scopes
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/nmethod.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/nmethod.hpp
index 86db3603966..217dd60dcab 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/nmethod.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/nmethod.hpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
 #include "code/codeBlob.hpp"
 #include "code/pcDesc.hpp"
+#include "compiler/compilerDefinitions.hpp"
 #include "oops/metadata.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.hpp"
 #include "runtime/mutexLocker.hpp"
@@ -208,6 +209,9 @@ class nmethod : public CodeBlob {
   address  _osr_entry_point;       // entry point for on stack replacement
   uint16_t _entry_offset;          // entry point with class check
   uint16_t _verified_entry_offset; // entry point without class check
+  uint16_t _inline_entry_offset;             // inline type entry point (unpack all inline type args) with class check
+  uint16_t _verified_inline_entry_offset;    // inline type entry point (unpack all inline type args) without class check
+  uint16_t _verified_inline_ro_entry_offset; // inline type entry point (unpack receiver only) without class check
   int      _entry_bci;             // != InvocationEntryBci if this nmethod is an on-stack replacement method
   int      _immutable_data_size;
 
@@ -674,6 +678,9 @@ class nmethod : public CodeBlob {
   // entry points
   address entry_point() const          { return code_begin() + _entry_offset;          } // normal entry point
   address verified_entry_point() const { return code_begin() + _verified_entry_offset; } // if klass is correct
+  address inline_entry_point() const              { return code_begin() + _inline_entry_offset; }             // inline type entry point (unpack all inline type args)
+  address verified_inline_entry_point() const     { return code_begin() + _verified_inline_entry_offset; }    // inline type entry point (unpack all inline type args) without class check
+  address verified_inline_ro_entry_point() const  { return code_begin() + _verified_inline_ro_entry_offset; } // inline type entry point (only unpack receiver) without class check
 
   enum : signed char { not_installed = -1, // in construction, only the owner doing the construction is
                                            // allowed to advance state
@@ -733,6 +740,16 @@ class nmethod : public CodeBlob {
   bool  has_scoped_access() const                 { return _flags.has_scoped_access(); }
   bool  has_wide_vectors() const                  { return _flags.has_wide_vectors(); }
 
+  bool  needs_stack_repair() const {
+    if (is_compiled_by_c1()) {
+      return method()->c1_needs_stack_repair();
+    } else if (is_compiled_by_c2()) {
+      return method()->c2_needs_stack_repair();
+    } else {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
   bool  has_flushed_dependencies() const          { return _has_flushed_dependencies; }
   void  set_has_flushed_dependencies(bool z)      {
     assert(!has_flushed_dependencies(), "should only happen once");
@@ -812,7 +829,7 @@ class nmethod : public CodeBlob {
   const char* state() const;
 
   bool inlinecache_check_contains(address addr) const {
-    return (addr >= code_begin() && addr < verified_entry_point());
+    return (addr >= code_begin() && (addr < verified_entry_point() || addr < verified_inline_entry_point()));
   }
 
   void preserve_callee_argument_oops(frame fr, const RegisterMap *reg_map, OopClosure* f);
@@ -1022,9 +1039,10 @@ class nmethod : public CodeBlob {
   // and the changes have invalidated it
   bool check_dependency_on(DepChange& changes);
 
-  // Fast breakpoint support. Tells if this compiled method is
-  // dependent on the given method. Returns true if this nmethod
-  // corresponds to the given method as well.
+  // Tells if this compiled method is dependent on the given method.
+  // Returns true if this nmethod corresponds to the given method as well.
+  // It is used for fast breakpoint support and updating the calling convention
+  // in case of mismatch.
   bool is_dependent_on_method(Method* dependee);
 
   // JVMTI's GetLocalInstance() support
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/pcDesc.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/pcDesc.hpp
index d8abe19ad35..82593896a30 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/pcDesc.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/pcDesc.hpp
@@ -43,7 +43,8 @@ class PcDesc {
     PCDESC_return_oop                = 1 << 1,
     PCDESC_rethrow_exception         = 1 << 2,
     PCDESC_has_ea_local_in_scope     = 1 << 3,
-    PCDESC_arg_escape                = 1 << 4
+    PCDESC_arg_escape                = 1 << 4,
+    PCDESC_return_scalarized         = 1 << 5
   };
 
   int _flags;
@@ -87,6 +88,8 @@ class PcDesc {
   bool     return_oop()                    const { return (_flags & PCDESC_return_oop) != 0;     }
   void set_return_oop(bool z)                    { set_flag(PCDESC_return_oop, z); }
 
+  bool     return_scalarized()             const { return (_flags & PCDESC_return_scalarized) != 0; }
+  void set_return_scalarized(bool z)             { set_flag(PCDESC_return_scalarized, z); }
   // Indicates if there are objects in scope that, based on escape analysis, are local to the
   // compiled method or local to the current thread, i.e. NoEscape or ArgEscape
   bool     has_ea_local_in_scope()         const { return (_flags & PCDESC_has_ea_local_in_scope) != 0; }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/relocInfo.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/relocInfo.hpp
index 6f1778ef479..9099b534804 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/relocInfo.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/relocInfo.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -267,8 +267,7 @@ class relocInfo {
     runtime_call_w_cp_type  = 14, // Runtime call which may load its target from the constant pool
     data_prefix_tag         = 15, // tag for a prefix (carries data arguments)
     post_call_nop_type      = 16, // A tag for post call nop relocations
-    entry_guard_type        = 17, // A tag for an nmethod entry barrier guard value
-    barrier_type            = 18, // GC barrier data
+    barrier_type            = 17, // GC barrier data
     type_mask               = 31  // A mask which selects only the above values
   };
 
@@ -309,7 +308,6 @@ class relocInfo {
     visitor(section_word) \
     visitor(trampoline_stub) \
     visitor(post_call_nop) \
-    visitor(entry_guard) \
     visitor(barrier) \
 
 
@@ -924,19 +922,6 @@ class post_call_nop_Relocation : public Relocation {
   void copy_into(RelocationHolder& holder) const override;
 };
 
-class entry_guard_Relocation : public Relocation {
-  friend class RelocationHolder;
-
-public:
-  entry_guard_Relocation() : Relocation(relocInfo::entry_guard_type) { }
-
-  static RelocationHolder spec() {
-    return RelocationHolder::construct<entry_guard_Relocation>();
-  }
-
-  void copy_into(RelocationHolder& holder) const override;
-};
-
 // A CallRelocation always points at a call instruction.
 // It is PC-relative on most machines.
 class CallRelocation : public Relocation {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/scopeDesc.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/scopeDesc.cpp
index 5038cd282e2..fb40c67d297 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/scopeDesc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/scopeDesc.cpp
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ ScopeDesc::ScopeDesc(const nmethod* code, PcDesc* pd, bool ignore_objects) {
   _reexecute     = pd->should_reexecute();
   _rethrow_exception = pd->rethrow_exception();
   _return_oop    = pd->return_oop();
+  _return_scalarized = pd->return_scalarized();
   _has_ea_local_in_scope = ignore_objects ? false : pd->has_ea_local_in_scope();
   _arg_escape    = ignore_objects ? false : pd->arg_escape();
   decode_body();
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@ void ScopeDesc::initialize(const ScopeDesc* parent, int decode_offset) {
   _reexecute     = false; //reexecute only applies to the first scope
   _rethrow_exception = false;
   _return_oop    = false;
+  _return_scalarized = false;
   _has_ea_local_in_scope = parent->has_ea_local_in_scope();
   _arg_escape    = false;
   decode_body();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/scopeDesc.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/scopeDesc.hpp
index 8e8a876095e..c7ae35000b2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/scopeDesc.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/scopeDesc.hpp
@@ -72,6 +72,7 @@ class ScopeDesc : public ResourceObj {
   bool should_reexecute() const { return _reexecute; }
   bool rethrow_exception() const { return _rethrow_exception; }
   bool return_oop()       const { return _return_oop; }
+  bool return_scalarized() const { return _return_scalarized; }
   // Returns true if one or more NoEscape or ArgEscape objects exist in
   // any of the scopes at compiled pc.
   bool has_ea_local_in_scope() const { return _has_ea_local_in_scope; }
@@ -105,10 +106,10 @@ class ScopeDesc : public ResourceObj {
   bool          _reexecute;
   bool          _rethrow_exception;
   bool          _return_oop;
+  bool          _return_scalarized;
   bool          _has_ea_local_in_scope;       // One or more NoEscape or ArgEscape objects exist in
                                               // any of the scopes at compiled pc.
   bool          _arg_escape;                  // Compiled Java call in youngest scope passes ArgEscape
-
   // Decoding offsets
   int _decode_offset;
   int _sender_decode_offset;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/vmreg.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/vmreg.cpp
index 7407eceac05..fcfeb42d640 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/vmreg.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/vmreg.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -54,3 +54,11 @@ void VMRegImpl::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
 VMRegImpl all_VMRegs[ConcreteRegisterImpl::number_of_registers + 1];
 
 void VMRegImpl::print() const { print_on(tty); }
+
+void VMRegPair::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
+  st->print("(");
+  _first->print_on(st);
+  st->print(",");
+  _second->print_on(st);
+  st->print(")");
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/vmreg.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/vmreg.hpp
index ae4e477b8cd..640ae146610 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/vmreg.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/vmreg.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -211,6 +211,8 @@ class VMRegPair {
   VMRegPair(VMReg s, VMReg f) {  _second = s; _first = f; }
   VMRegPair(VMReg f) { _second = VMRegImpl::Bad(); _first = f; }
   VMRegPair() { _second = VMRegImpl::Bad(); _first = VMRegImpl::Bad(); }
+
+  void print_on(outputStream* st) const;
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_CODE_VMREG_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/vtableStubs.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/vtableStubs.cpp
index df3e80bea41..a8dc2ad7ea0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/vtableStubs.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/vtableStubs.cpp
@@ -207,18 +207,18 @@ void VtableStubs::bookkeeping(MacroAssembler* masm, outputStream* out, VtableStu
 }
 
 
-address VtableStubs::find_stub(bool is_vtable_stub, int vtable_index) {
+address VtableStubs::find_stub(bool is_vtable_stub, int vtable_index, bool caller_is_c1) {
   assert(vtable_index >= 0, "must be positive");
 
   VtableStub* s;
   {
     MutexLocker ml(VtableStubs_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
-    s = lookup(is_vtable_stub, vtable_index);
+    s = lookup(is_vtable_stub, vtable_index, caller_is_c1);
     if (s == nullptr) {
       if (is_vtable_stub) {
-        s = create_vtable_stub(vtable_index);
+        s = create_vtable_stub(vtable_index, caller_is_c1);
       } else {
-        s = create_itable_stub(vtable_index);
+        s = create_itable_stub(vtable_index, caller_is_c1);
       }
 
       // Creation of vtable or itable can fail if there is not enough free space in the code cache.
@@ -226,9 +226,10 @@ address VtableStubs::find_stub(bool is_vtable_stub, int vtable_index) {
         return nullptr;
       }
 
-      enter(is_vtable_stub, vtable_index, s);
+      enter(is_vtable_stub, vtable_index, caller_is_c1, s);
       if (PrintAdapterHandlers) {
-        tty->print_cr("Decoding VtableStub %s[%d]@" PTR_FORMAT " [" PTR_FORMAT ", " PTR_FORMAT "] (%zu bytes)",
+        tty->print_cr("Decoding VtableStub (%s) %s[%d]@" PTR_FORMAT " [" PTR_FORMAT ", " PTR_FORMAT "] (%zu bytes)",
+                      caller_is_c1 ? "c1" : "full opt",
                       is_vtable_stub? "vtbl": "itbl", vtable_index, p2i(VtableStub::receiver_location()),
                       p2i(s->code_begin()), p2i(s->code_end()), pointer_delta(s->code_end(), s->code_begin(), 1));
         Disassembler::decode(s->code_begin(), s->code_end());
@@ -238,6 +239,7 @@ address VtableStubs::find_stub(bool is_vtable_stub, int vtable_index) {
       // all locks. Only post this event if a new state is not required. Creating a new state would
       // cause a safepoint and the caller of this code has a NoSafepointVerifier.
       if (JvmtiExport::should_post_dynamic_code_generated()) {
+        // FIXME: Is it needed to pass caller_is_c1? Tracked by JDK-8383384
         JvmtiExport::post_dynamic_code_generated_while_holding_locks(is_vtable_stub? "vtable stub": "itable stub",
                                                                      s->code_begin(), s->code_end());
       }
@@ -247,9 +249,12 @@ address VtableStubs::find_stub(bool is_vtable_stub, int vtable_index) {
 }
 
 
-inline uint VtableStubs::hash(bool is_vtable_stub, int vtable_index){
+inline uint VtableStubs::hash(bool is_vtable_stub, int vtable_index, bool caller_is_c1) {
   // Assumption: receiver_location < 4 in most cases.
   int hash = ((vtable_index << 2) ^ VtableStub::receiver_location()->value()) + vtable_index;
+  if (caller_is_c1) {
+    hash = 7 - hash;
+  }
   return (is_vtable_stub ? ~hash : hash)  & mask;
 }
 
@@ -259,28 +264,29 @@ inline uint VtableStubs::unsafe_hash(address entry_point) {
   address vtable_stub_addr = entry_point - VtableStub::entry_offset();
   assert(CodeCache::contains(vtable_stub_addr), "assumed to always be the case");
   address vtable_type_addr = vtable_stub_addr + offset_of(VtableStub, _type);
+  address vtable_caller_type_addr = vtable_stub_addr + offset_of(VtableStub, _caller_type);
   address vtable_index_addr = vtable_stub_addr + offset_of(VtableStub, _index);
   bool is_vtable_stub = *vtable_type_addr == static_cast<uint8_t>(VtableStub::Type::vtable_stub);
+  bool caller_is_c1 = (*vtable_caller_type_addr == static_cast<uint8_t>(VtableStub::CallerType::c1));
   short vtable_index;
   static_assert(sizeof(VtableStub::_index) == sizeof(vtable_index), "precondition");
   memcpy(&vtable_index, vtable_index_addr, sizeof(vtable_index));
-  return hash(is_vtable_stub, vtable_index);
+  return hash(is_vtable_stub, vtable_index, caller_is_c1);
 }
 
-
-VtableStub* VtableStubs::lookup(bool is_vtable_stub, int vtable_index) {
+VtableStub* VtableStubs::lookup(bool is_vtable_stub, int vtable_index, bool caller_is_c1) {
   assert_lock_strong(VtableStubs_lock);
-  unsigned hash = VtableStubs::hash(is_vtable_stub, vtable_index);
+  unsigned hash = VtableStubs::hash(is_vtable_stub, vtable_index, caller_is_c1);
   VtableStub* s = AtomicAccess::load(&_table[hash]);
-  while( s && !s->matches(is_vtable_stub, vtable_index)) s = s->next();
+  while( s && !s->matches(is_vtable_stub, vtable_index, caller_is_c1)) s = s->next();
   return s;
 }
 
 
-void VtableStubs::enter(bool is_vtable_stub, int vtable_index, VtableStub* s) {
+void VtableStubs::enter(bool is_vtable_stub, int vtable_index, bool caller_is_c1, VtableStub* s) {
   assert_lock_strong(VtableStubs_lock);
-  assert(s->matches(is_vtable_stub, vtable_index), "bad vtable stub");
-  unsigned int h = VtableStubs::hash(is_vtable_stub, vtable_index);
+  assert(s->matches(is_vtable_stub, vtable_index, caller_is_c1), "bad vtable stub");
+  unsigned int h = VtableStubs::hash(is_vtable_stub, vtable_index, caller_is_c1);
   // Insert s at the beginning of the corresponding list.
   s->set_next(AtomicAccess::load(&_table[h]));
   // Make sure that concurrent readers not taking the mutex observe the writing of "next".
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/vtableStubs.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/vtableStubs.hpp
index fd06bf7c647..2ef22fb1fa4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/vtableStubs.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/vtableStubs.hpp
@@ -89,13 +89,13 @@ class VtableStubs : AllStatic {
   static int         _vtab_stub_size;            // current size estimate for vtable stub (quasi-constant)
   static int         _itab_stub_size;            // current size estimate for itable stub (quasi-constant)
 
-  static VtableStub* create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index);
-  static VtableStub* create_itable_stub(int vtable_index);
-  static VtableStub* lookup            (bool is_vtable_stub, int vtable_index);
-  static void        enter             (bool is_vtable_stub, int vtable_index, VtableStub* s);
-  static inline uint hash              (bool is_vtable_stub, int vtable_index);
+  static VtableStub* create_vtable_stub(int vtable_index, bool caller_is_c1);
+  static VtableStub* create_itable_stub(int vtable_index, bool caller_is_c1);
+  static VtableStub* lookup            (bool is_vtable_stub, int vtable_index, bool caller_is_c1);
+  static void        enter             (bool is_vtable_stub, int vtable_index, bool caller_is_c1, VtableStub* s);
+  static inline uint hash              (bool is_vtable_stub, int vtable_index, bool caller_is_c1);
   static inline uint unsafe_hash       (address entry_point);
-  static address     find_stub         (bool is_vtable_stub, int vtable_index);
+  static address     find_stub         (bool is_vtable_stub, int vtable_index, bool caller_is_c1);
   static void        bookkeeping(MacroAssembler* masm, outputStream* out, VtableStub* s,
                                  address npe_addr, address ame_addr,   bool is_vtable_stub,
                                  int     index,    int     slop_bytes, int  index_dependent_slop);
@@ -105,8 +105,8 @@ class VtableStubs : AllStatic {
                                               int   padding);
 
  public:
-  static address     find_vtable_stub(int vtable_index) { return find_stub(true,  vtable_index); }
-  static address     find_itable_stub(int itable_index) { return find_stub(false, itable_index); }
+  static address     find_vtable_stub(int vtable_index, bool caller_is_c1) { return find_stub(true,  vtable_index, caller_is_c1); }
+  static address     find_itable_stub(int itable_index, bool caller_is_c1) { return find_stub(false, itable_index, caller_is_c1); }
 
   static VtableStub* entry_point(address pc);                        // vtable stub entry point for a pc
   static bool        contains(address pc);                           // is pc within any stub?
@@ -127,6 +127,11 @@ class VtableStub {
     vtable_stub,
   };
 
+  enum class CallerType : uint8_t {
+    c1,
+    unspecified,
+  };
+
 
   static address _chunk;             // For allocation
   static address _chunk_end;         // For allocation
@@ -137,13 +142,16 @@ class VtableStub {
   short          _ame_offset;        // Where an AbstractMethodError might occur
   short          _npe_offset;        // Where a NullPointerException might occur
   Type           _type;              // Type, either vtable stub or itable stub
+  CallerType     _caller_type;       // CallerType, either unspecified or C1,
+                                     // which doesn't scalarize parameters.
   /* code follows here */            // The vtableStub code
 
   void* operator new(size_t size, int code_size) throw();
 
-  VtableStub(bool is_vtable_stub, short index)
+  VtableStub(bool is_vtable_stub, short index, bool caller_is_c1)
         : _next(nullptr), _index(index), _ame_offset(-1), _npe_offset(-1),
-          _type(is_vtable_stub ? Type::vtable_stub : Type::itable_stub) {}
+          _type(is_vtable_stub ? Type::vtable_stub : Type::itable_stub),
+          _caller_type(caller_is_c1 ? CallerType::c1 : CallerType::unspecified) {}
   VtableStub* next() const                       { return _next; }
   static VMReg receiver_location()               { return _receiver_location; }
   void set_next(VtableStub* n)                   { _next = n; }
@@ -156,8 +164,8 @@ class VtableStub {
   address entry_point() const                    { return code_begin(); }
   static int entry_offset()                      { return sizeof(class VtableStub); }
 
-  bool matches(bool is_vtable_stub, int index) const {
-    return _index == index && this->is_vtable_stub() == is_vtable_stub;
+  bool matches(bool is_vtable_stub, int index, bool caller_is_c1) const {
+    return _index == index && this->is_vtable_stub() == is_vtable_stub && this->caller_is_c1() == caller_is_c1;
   }
   bool contains(address pc) const                { return code_begin() <= pc && pc < code_end(); }
 
@@ -185,6 +193,7 @@ class VtableStub {
   // Query
   bool is_itable_stub() const                    { return _type == Type::itable_stub; }
   bool is_vtable_stub() const                    { return _type == Type::vtable_stub; }
+  bool caller_is_c1() const                      { return _caller_type == CallerType::c1; }
   bool is_abstract_method_error(address epc)     { return epc == code_begin()+_ame_offset; }
   bool is_null_pointer_exception(address epc)    { return epc == code_begin()+_npe_offset; }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compilerEvent.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compilerEvent.cpp
index 4bc859ef0d6..323da8056fc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compilerEvent.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compilerEvent.cpp
@@ -56,26 +56,26 @@ class PhaseTypeGuard : public StackObj {
 Semaphore PhaseTypeGuard::_mutex_semaphore(1);
 
 // Table for mapping compiler phases names to int identifiers.
-static GrowableArray<const char*>* phase_names = nullptr;
+static GrowableArray<const char*>* _phase_names = nullptr;
 
 class CompilerPhaseTypeConstant : public JfrSerializer {
  public:
   void serialize(JfrCheckpointWriter& writer) {
     PhaseTypeGuard guard;
-    assert(phase_names != nullptr, "invariant");
-    assert(phase_names->is_nonempty(), "invariant");
-    const u4 nof_entries = phase_names->length();
+    assert(_phase_names != nullptr, "invariant");
+    assert(_phase_names->is_nonempty(), "invariant");
+    const u4 nof_entries = _phase_names->length();
     writer.write_count(nof_entries);
     for (u4 i = 0; i < nof_entries; i++) {
       writer.write_key(i);
-      writer.write(phase_names->at(i));
+      writer.write(_phase_names->at(i));
     }
   }
 };
 
 static int lookup_phase(const char* phase_name) {
-  for (int i = 0; i < phase_names->length(); i++) {
-    const char* name = phase_names->at(i);
+  for (int i = 0; i < _phase_names->length(); i++) {
+    const char* name = _phase_names->at(i);
     if (strcmp(name, phase_name) == 0) {
       return i;
     }
@@ -88,8 +88,8 @@ int CompilerEvent::PhaseEvent::get_phase_id(const char* phase_name, bool may_exi
   bool register_jfr_serializer = false;
   {
     PhaseTypeGuard guard(sync);
-    if (phase_names == nullptr) {
-      phase_names = new (mtInternal) GrowableArray<const char*>(100, mtCompiler);
+    if (_phase_names == nullptr) {
+      _phase_names = new (mtInternal) GrowableArray<const char*>(100, mtCompiler);
       register_jfr_serializer = true;
     } else if (may_exist) {
       index = lookup_phase(phase_name);
@@ -100,8 +100,8 @@ int CompilerEvent::PhaseEvent::get_phase_id(const char* phase_name, bool may_exi
       assert((index = lookup_phase(phase_name)) == -1, "phase name \"%s\" already registered: %d", phase_name, index);
     }
 
-    index = phase_names->length();
-    phase_names->append(use_strdup ? os::strdup(phase_name) : phase_name);
+    index = _phase_names->length();
+    _phase_names->append(use_strdup ? os::strdup(phase_name) : phase_name);
   }
   if (register_jfr_serializer) {
     JfrSerializer::register_serializer(TYPE_COMPILERPHASETYPE, false, new CompilerPhaseTypeConstant());
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/methodMatcher.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/methodMatcher.cpp
index 1f401d2e409..57c77b6516a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/methodMatcher.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/methodMatcher.cpp
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ void MethodMatcher::parse_method_pattern(char*& line, const char*& error_msg, Me
         (strchr(method_name, JVM_SIGNATURE_ENDSPECIAL) != nullptr)) {
       if (!vmSymbols::object_initializer_name()->equals(method_name) &&
           !vmSymbols::class_initializer_name()->equals(method_name)) {
-        error_msg = "Chars '<' and '>' only allowed in <init> and <clinit>";
+        error_msg = "Chars '<' and '>' only allowed in <init>, <clinit>";
         return;
       }
     }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/c2/g1BarrierSetC2.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/c2/g1BarrierSetC2.cpp
index 5398a95b957..774ea372bad 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/c2/g1BarrierSetC2.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/c2/g1BarrierSetC2.cpp
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ Node* G1BarrierSetC2::load_at_resolved(C2Access& access, const Type* val_type) c
   return CardTableBarrierSetC2::load_at_resolved(access, val_type);
 }
 
-void G1BarrierSetC2::eliminate_gc_barrier(PhaseMacroExpand* macro, Node* node) const {
+void G1BarrierSetC2::eliminate_gc_barrier(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node* node) const {
   eliminate_gc_barrier_data(node);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/c2/g1BarrierSetC2.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/c2/g1BarrierSetC2.hpp
index 454e76fd94b..eeea1ab2a91 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/c2/g1BarrierSetC2.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/c2/g1BarrierSetC2.hpp
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ class G1BarrierSetC2: public CardTableBarrierSetC2 {
   virtual Node* atomic_xchg_at_resolved(C2AtomicParseAccess& access, Node* new_val, const Type* value_type) const;
 
 public:
-  virtual void eliminate_gc_barrier(PhaseMacroExpand* macro, Node* node) const;
+  virtual void eliminate_gc_barrier(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node* node) const;
   virtual void eliminate_gc_barrier_data(Node* node) const;
   virtual bool expand_barriers(Compile* C, PhaseIterGVN& igvn) const;
   virtual uint estimated_barrier_size(const Node* node) const;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1BarrierSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1BarrierSet.cpp
index dee50500e07..c5028a19c72 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1BarrierSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1BarrierSet.cpp
@@ -99,16 +99,12 @@ G1BarrierSet::write_ref_array_pre_work(T* dst, size_t count) {
   }
 }
 
-void G1BarrierSet::write_ref_array_pre(oop* dst, size_t count, bool dest_uninitialized) {
-  if (!dest_uninitialized) {
-    write_ref_array_pre_work(dst, count);
-  }
+void G1BarrierSet::write_ref_array_pre(oop* dst, size_t count) {
+  write_ref_array_pre_work(dst, count);
 }
 
-void G1BarrierSet::write_ref_array_pre(narrowOop* dst, size_t count, bool dest_uninitialized) {
-  if (!dest_uninitialized) {
-    write_ref_array_pre_work(dst, count);
-  }
+void G1BarrierSet::write_ref_array_pre(narrowOop* dst, size_t count) {
+  write_ref_array_pre_work(dst, count);
 }
 
 void G1BarrierSet::write_region(MemRegion mr) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1BarrierSet.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1BarrierSet.hpp
index c5c7058471c..5f96fac8003 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1BarrierSet.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1BarrierSet.hpp
@@ -95,8 +95,8 @@ class G1BarrierSet: public CardTableBarrierSet {
   static void enqueue_preloaded_if_weak(DecoratorSet decorators, oop value);
 
   template <class T> void write_ref_array_pre_work(T* dst, size_t count);
-  virtual void write_ref_array_pre(oop* dst, size_t count, bool dest_uninitialized);
-  virtual void write_ref_array_pre(narrowOop* dst, size_t count, bool dest_uninitialized);
+  virtual void write_ref_array_pre(oop* dst, size_t count);
+  virtual void write_ref_array_pre(narrowOop* dst, size_t count);
 
   template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename T>
   void write_ref_field_pre(T* field);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetRuntime.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetRuntime.cpp
index 24ade277afe..78d10bf2471 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetRuntime.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetRuntime.cpp
@@ -30,12 +30,12 @@
 
 void G1BarrierSetRuntime::write_ref_array_pre_oop_entry(oop* dst, size_t length) {
   G1BarrierSet *bs = G1BarrierSet::g1_barrier_set();
-  bs->write_ref_array_pre(dst, length, false);
+  bs->write_ref_array_pre(dst, length);
 }
 
 void G1BarrierSetRuntime::write_ref_array_pre_narrow_oop_entry(narrowOop* dst, size_t length) {
   G1BarrierSet *bs = G1BarrierSet::g1_barrier_set();
-  bs->write_ref_array_pre(dst, length, false);
+  bs->write_ref_array_pre(dst, length);
 }
 
 void G1BarrierSetRuntime::write_ref_array_post_entry(HeapWord* dst, size_t length) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
index 672dea9b7b0..3f8b0d179c0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
@@ -622,6 +622,11 @@ class G1CollectedHeap : public CollectedHeap {
   void gc_prologue(bool full);
   void gc_epilogue(bool full);
 
+  // Can concurrent mark process this object immediately, i.e. mark as live without the need
+  // of pushing it on the mark stack (to process references)?
+  // Used to keep objects that are potentially eagerly reclaimed out of the mark stack.
+  // Its klass may still need to be handled.
+  inline bool can_be_marked_through_immediately(oop obj) const;
   // Does the given region fulfill remembered set based eager reclaim candidate requirements?
   bool is_potential_eager_reclaim_candidate(G1HeapRegion* r) const;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp
index 5d23a7d463e..eca66a96608 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/markBitMap.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/taskqueue.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/stackChunkOop.hpp"
 #include "runtime/threadSMR.inline.hpp"
 #include "utilities/bitMap.inline.hpp"
@@ -75,6 +76,10 @@ inline void G1JavaThreadsListClaimer::apply(ThreadClosure* cl) {
   }
 }
 
+bool G1CollectedHeap::can_be_marked_through_immediately(oop obj) const {
+  return obj->is_array() && !obj->is_array_with_oops();
+}
+
 G1GCPhaseTimes* G1CollectedHeap::phase_times() const {
   return _policy->phase_times();
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp
index 73a697f8c51..2246ffc12e7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp
@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@
 #include "nmt/memTracker.hpp"
 #include "oops/access.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
@@ -2447,7 +2448,7 @@ void G1CMTask::drain_local_queue(bool partially) {
 size_t G1CMTask::start_partial_array_processing(objArrayOop obj) {
   assert(obj->length() >= (int)ObjArrayMarkingStride, "Must be a large array object %d", obj->length());
 
-  // Mark objArray klass metadata
+  // Mark klass metadata
   process_klass(obj->klass());
 
   size_t array_length = obj->length();
@@ -2456,19 +2457,32 @@ size_t G1CMTask::start_partial_array_processing(objArrayOop obj) {
   process_array_chunk(obj, 0, initial_chunk_size);
 
   // Include object header size
-  return objArrayOopDesc::object_size(checked_cast<int>(initial_chunk_size));
+  if (obj->is_refArray()) {
+    return refArrayOopDesc::object_size(checked_cast<int>(initial_chunk_size));
+  } else {
+    FlatArrayKlass* fak = FlatArrayKlass::cast(obj->klass());
+    return flatArrayOopDesc::object_size(fak->layout_helper(), checked_cast<int>(initial_chunk_size));
+  }
 }
 
 size_t G1CMTask::process_partial_array(const G1TaskQueueEntry& task, bool stolen) {
   PartialArrayState* state = task.to_partial_array_state();
   // Access state before release by claim().
-  objArrayOop obj = objArrayOop(state->source());
+  objArrayOop obj = oop_cast<objArrayOop>(state->source());
 
   PartialArraySplitter::Claim claim =
     _partial_array_splitter.claim(state, _task_queue, stolen);
 
   process_array_chunk(obj, claim._start, claim._end);
-  return heap_word_size((claim._end - claim._start) * heapOopSize);
+
+  if (obj->is_refArray()) {
+    return heap_word_size((claim._end - claim._start) * heapOopSize);
+  } else {
+    assert(obj->is_flatArray(), "Must be!");
+    size_t element_byte_size = FlatArrayKlass::cast(obj->klass())->element_byte_size();
+    size_t nof_elements = claim._end - claim._start;
+    return heap_word_size(nof_elements * element_byte_size);
+  }
 }
 
 void G1CMTask::drain_global_stack(bool partially) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.inline.hpp
index 76fdcd218ae..94050cbfb4e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.inline.hpp
@@ -180,10 +180,11 @@ inline bool G1CMTask::is_below_finger(oop obj, HeapWord* global_finger) const {
 }
 
 inline bool G1CMTask::should_be_sliced(oop obj) {
-  return obj->is_objArray() && ((objArrayOop)obj)->length() >= (int)ObjArrayMarkingStride;
+  return obj->is_array_with_oops() && ((objArrayOop)obj)->length() >= (int)ObjArrayMarkingStride;
 }
 
 inline void G1CMTask::process_array_chunk(objArrayOop obj, size_t start, size_t end) {
+  precond(obj->is_array_with_oops());
   obj->oop_iterate_elements_range(_cm_oop_closure,
                                   checked_cast<int>(start),
                                   checked_cast<int>(end));
@@ -341,8 +342,8 @@ inline bool G1CMTask::make_reference_grey(oop obj) {
   // be pushed on the stack. So, some duplicate work, but no
   // correctness problems.
   if (is_below_finger(obj, global_finger)) {
-    if (obj->is_typeArray()) {
-      // Immediately process arrays of primitive types, rather
+    if (_g1h->can_be_marked_through_immediately(obj)) {
+      // Immediately process arrays of types without oops, rather
       // than pushing on the mark stack.  This keeps us from
       // adding humongous objects to the mark stack that might
       // be reclaimed before the entry is processed - see
@@ -350,8 +351,9 @@ inline bool G1CMTask::make_reference_grey(oop obj) {
       // objects.  The cost of the additional type test is
       // mitigated by avoiding a trip through the mark stack,
       // by only doing a bookkeeping update and avoiding the
-      // actual scan of the object - a typeArray contains no
-      // references, and the metadata is built-in.
+      // actual scan of the object - the object contains no
+      // references (but the metadata must be processed).
+      process_klass(obj->klass());
     } else {
       G1TaskQueueEntry entry(obj);
       push(entry);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullCollector.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullCollector.cpp
index 1e838b344b7..21461e52fd6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullCollector.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullCollector.cpp
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.hpp"
 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
 #include "cppstdlib/new.hpp"
-#include "gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp"
+#include "gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1FullCollector.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1FullGCAdjustTask.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1FullGCCompactTask.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCMarker.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCMarker.cpp
index 3be4ab8d839..cd1d69e96fd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCMarker.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCMarker.cpp
@@ -68,7 +68,9 @@ static uintx calc_array_stride(uint array_len, uint num_threads) {
 }
 
 void G1FullGCMarker::start_partial_array_processing(objArrayOop obj) {
+  precond(obj->is_array_with_oops());
   mark_closure()->do_klass(obj->klass());
+
   // Don't push empty arrays to avoid unnecessary work.
   const int array_length = obj->length();
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCMarker.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCMarker.inline.hpp
index a6f45abe005..ff0cfc8b27a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCMarker.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCMarker.inline.hpp
@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ inline bool G1FullGCMarker::is_task_queue_empty() {
 }
 
 inline void G1FullGCMarker::process_array_chunk(objArrayOop obj, size_t start, size_t end) {
+  precond(obj->is_array_with_oops());
   obj->oop_iterate_elements_range(mark_closure(),
                                   checked_cast<int>(start),
                                   checked_cast<int>(end));
@@ -95,7 +96,7 @@ inline void G1FullGCMarker::dispatch_task(const ScannerTask& task, bool stolen)
   } else {
     oop obj = task.to_oop();
     assert(_bitmap->is_marked(obj), "should be marked");
-    if (obj->is_objArray()) {
+    if (obj->is_array_with_oops()) {
       // Handle object arrays explicitly to allow them to
       // be split into chunks if needed.
       start_partial_array_processing((objArrayOop)obj);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp
index 3e6f8758744..1636deaa914 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp
@@ -246,6 +246,13 @@ void G1ParScanThreadState::do_oop_evac(T* p) {
   write_ref_field_post(p, obj);
 }
 
+ALWAYSINLINE
+void G1ParScanThreadState::process_array_chunk(objArrayOop obj, size_t start, size_t end) {
+  obj->oop_iterate_elements_range(&_scanner,
+                                  checked_cast<int>(start),
+                                  checked_cast<int>(end));
+}
+
 MAYBE_INLINE_EVACUATION
 void G1ParScanThreadState::do_partial_array(PartialArrayState* state, bool stolen) {
   // Access state before release by claim().
@@ -255,9 +262,8 @@ void G1ParScanThreadState::do_partial_array(PartialArrayState* state, bool stole
   G1HeapRegionAttr dest_attr = _g1h->region_attr(to_array);
   G1SkipCardMarkSetter x(&_scanner, dest_attr.is_new_survivor());
   // Process claimed task.
-  to_array->oop_iterate_elements_range(&_scanner,
-                                       checked_cast<int>(claim._start),
-                                       checked_cast<int>(claim._end));
+  assert(to_array->is_objArray(), "Must be");
+  process_array_chunk(to_array, claim._start, claim._end);
 }
 
 MAYBE_INLINE_EVACUATION
@@ -266,6 +272,8 @@ void G1ParScanThreadState::start_partial_objarray(oop from_obj,
   assert(from_obj->is_forwarded(), "precondition");
   assert(from_obj->forwardee() == to_obj, "precondition");
   assert(to_obj->is_objArray(), "precondition");
+  assert(!_scanner.do_metadata(), "precondition");
+  assert(_scanner.skip_card_mark_set(), "precondition");
 
   objArrayOop to_array = objArrayOop(to_obj);
   size_t array_length = to_array->length();
@@ -273,11 +281,7 @@ void G1ParScanThreadState::start_partial_objarray(oop from_obj,
     // The source array is unused when processing states.
     _partial_array_splitter.start(_task_queue, nullptr, to_array, array_length, ParGCArrayScanChunk);
 
-  assert(_scanner.skip_card_mark_set(), "must be");
-  // Process the initial chunk.  No need to process the type in the
-  // klass, as it will already be handled by processing the built-in
-  // module.
-  to_array->oop_iterate_elements_range(&_scanner, 0, checked_cast<int>(initial_chunk_size));
+  process_array_chunk(to_array, 0, initial_chunk_size);
 }
 
 MAYBE_INLINE_EVACUATION
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.hpp
index efecbe1f786..4116874f947 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.hpp
@@ -185,6 +185,7 @@ class G1ParScanThreadState : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
 private:
   void do_partial_array(PartialArrayState* state, bool stolen);
   void start_partial_objarray(oop from, oop to);
+  void process_array_chunk(objArrayOop obj, size_t start, size_t end);
 
   HeapWord* allocate_copy_slow(G1HeapRegionAttr* dest_attr,
                                Klass* klass,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.cpp
index ec83d8a27d3..0a26c778417 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.cpp
@@ -328,13 +328,14 @@ class G1PrepareEvacuationTask : public WorkerTask {
       // It also helps with G1 allocating humongous objects as old generation
       // objects although they might also die quite quickly.
       //
-      // TypeArray objects are allowed to be reclaimed even if allocated before
+      // Humongous objects without oops (typeArrays, flatArrays without oops in
+      // its elements) are allowed to be reclaimed even if allocated before
       // the start of concurrent mark.  For this we rely on mark stack insertion
-      // to exclude is_typeArray() objects, preventing reclaiming an object
-      // that is in the mark stack.  We also rely on the metadata for
-      // such objects to be built-in and so ensured to be kept live.
+      // to exclude them, preventing reclaiming an object
+      // that is in the mark stack.  That code also ensures that metadata (klass)
+      // is kept live.
       //
-      // Non-typeArrays that were allocated before marking are excluded from
+      // Other humongous objects that were allocated before marking are excluded from
       // eager reclaim during marking.  One issue is the problem described
       // above with scrubbing the mark stack, but there is also a problem
       // causing these humongous objects being collected incorrectly:
@@ -349,16 +350,17 @@ class G1PrepareEvacuationTask : public WorkerTask {
       // garbage collection. o1 still has the reference to o2, but since o1 had
       // already been scanned we do not detect o2 to be still live and reclaim it.
       //
-      // There is another minor problem with non-typeArray regions being the source
-      // of remembered set entries in other region's remembered sets.  There are
-      // two cases: first, the remembered set entry is in a Free region after reclaim.
-      // We handle this case by ignoring these cards during merging the remembered
-      // sets.
+      // There is another minor problem with these humongous objects with oops being
+      // the source of remembered set entries in other region's remembered sets.
+      // There are two cases: first, the remembered set entry is in a Free region
+      // after reclaim.  We handle this case by ignoring these cards during merging
+      // the remembered sets.
       //
-      // Second, there may be cases where eagerly reclaimed regions were already
-      // reallocated.  This may cause scanning of these outdated remembered set
-      // entries, containing some objects. But apart from extra work this does
-      // not cause correctness issues.
+      // Second, there may be cases where regions previously containing eagerly
+      // reclaimed objects were already allocated into again.
+      // This may cause scanning of these outdated remembered set entries,
+      // containing some objects. But apart from extra work this does not cause
+      // correctness issues.
       // There is no difference between scanning cards covering an effectively
       // dead humongous object vs. some other objects in reallocated regions.
       //
@@ -376,7 +378,8 @@ class G1PrepareEvacuationTask : public WorkerTask {
       //
       // After the pause, having reclaimed h, obviously the mutator can't fetch
       // the reference from h any more.
-      if (!obj->is_typeArray()) {
+      bool marked_immediately = _g1h->can_be_marked_through_immediately(obj);
+      if (!marked_immediately) {
         bool mark_in_progress = _g1h->collector_state()->is_in_marking();
         // top_at_mark_start() will assert outside of marking, so check first.
         if (mark_in_progress) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp
index e561252ab25..5a10ab7ae3b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp
@@ -455,10 +455,10 @@ class G1FreeHumongousRegionClosure : public G1HeapRegionIndexClosure {
         allocated_after_mark_start = r->bottom() == _g1h->concurrent_mark()->top_at_mark_start(r);
       }
 
-      guarantee(obj->is_typeArray() || (allocated_after_mark_start || !mark_in_progress),
-                "Only eagerly reclaiming primitive arrays is supported, other humongous objects only if allocated after mark start, but the object "
-                PTR_FORMAT " (%s) is not (mark %d allocated after mark: %d).",
-                p2i(r->bottom()), obj->klass()->name()->as_C_string(), mark_in_progress, allocated_after_mark_start);
+      guarantee(_g1h->can_be_marked_through_immediately(obj) || (allocated_after_mark_start || !mark_in_progress),
+                "Only eagerly reclaiming arrays without oops is always supported, other humongous objects only if allocated after mark start, but the object "
+                PTR_FORMAT " (%s) is not (allocated after mark: %d mark in progress %d marked immediately %d is_array %d array_with_oops %d).",
+                p2i(r->bottom()), obj->klass()->name()->as_C_string(), allocated_after_mark_start, mark_in_progress, _g1h->can_be_marked_through_immediately(obj), obj->is_array(), obj->is_array_with_oops());
     }
     log_debug(gc, humongous)("Reclaimed humongous region %u (object size %zu @ " PTR_FORMAT ")",
                              region_index,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psCompactionManager.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psCompactionManager.cpp
index 048355bfad3..9b96db0e5a6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psCompactionManager.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psCompactionManager.cpp
@@ -119,15 +119,14 @@ ParCompactionManager::gc_thread_compaction_manager(uint index) {
   return _manager_array[index];
 }
 
-void ParCompactionManager::push_objArray(oop obj) {
-  assert(obj->is_objArray(), "precondition");
+void ParCompactionManager::push_objArray(objArrayOop obj) {
+  assert(obj->is_array_with_oops(), "precondition");
   _mark_and_push_closure.do_klass(obj->klass());
 
-  objArrayOop obj_array = objArrayOop(obj);
-  size_t array_length = obj_array->length();
+  size_t array_length = obj->length();
   size_t initial_chunk_size =
-    _partial_array_splitter.start(&_marking_stack, obj_array, nullptr, array_length, ObjArrayMarkingStride);
-  follow_array(obj_array, 0, initial_chunk_size);
+    _partial_array_splitter.start(&_marking_stack, obj, nullptr, array_length, ObjArrayMarkingStride);
+  follow_array(obj, 0, initial_chunk_size);
 }
 
 void ParCompactionManager::process_array_chunk(PartialArrayState* state, bool stolen) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psCompactionManager.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psCompactionManager.hpp
index cd56bf1c91e..08554177048 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psCompactionManager.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psCompactionManager.hpp
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ class ParCompactionManager : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   static RegionTaskQueueSet* region_task_queues()      { return _region_task_queues; }
 
   inline PSMarkTaskQueue*  marking_stack() { return &_marking_stack; }
-  void push_objArray(oop obj);
+  void push_objArray(objArrayOop obj);
 
   // To collect per-region live-words in a worker local cache in order to
   // reduce threads contention.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psCompactionManager.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psCompactionManager.inline.hpp
index 773b64d56a6..dc2663f38ff 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psCompactionManager.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psCompactionManager.inline.hpp
@@ -99,25 +99,10 @@ inline void ParCompactionManager::FollowStackClosure::do_void() {
   }
 }
 
-template <typename T>
-inline void follow_array_specialized(objArrayOop obj, size_t start, size_t end, ParCompactionManager* cm) {
-  assert(start <= end, "invariant");
-  T* const base = (T*)obj->base();
-  T* const beg = base + start;
-  T* const chunk_end = base + end;
-
-  // Push the non-null elements of the next stride on the marking stack.
-  for (T* e = beg; e < chunk_end; e++) {
-    cm->mark_and_push<T>(e);
-  }
-}
-
 inline void ParCompactionManager::follow_array(objArrayOop obj, size_t start, size_t end) {
-  if (UseCompressedOops) {
-    follow_array_specialized<narrowOop>(obj, start, end, this);
-  } else {
-    follow_array_specialized<oop>(obj, start, end, this);
-  }
+  obj->oop_iterate_elements_range(&_mark_and_push_closure,
+                                  checked_cast<int>(start),
+                                  checked_cast<int>(end));
 }
 
 inline void ParCompactionManager::follow_contents(const ScannerTask& task, bool stolen) {
@@ -127,8 +112,8 @@ inline void ParCompactionManager::follow_contents(const ScannerTask& task, bool
   } else {
     oop obj = task.to_oop();
     assert(PSParallelCompact::mark_bitmap()->is_marked(obj), "should be marked");
-    if (obj->is_objArray()) {
-      push_objArray(obj);
+    if (obj->is_array_with_oops()) {
+      push_objArray((objArrayOop)obj);
     } else {
       obj->oop_iterate(&_mark_and_push_closure);
     }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psParallelCompact.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psParallelCompact.cpp
index 777b734c59e..df64f179744 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psParallelCompact.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psParallelCompact.cpp
@@ -78,12 +78,14 @@
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "nmt/memTracker.hpp"
 #include "oops/access.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceClassLoaderKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/methodData.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
 #include "runtime/safepoint.hpp"
@@ -1426,6 +1428,20 @@ static void split_regions_for_worker(size_t start, size_t end,
                 + (worker_id < remainder ? 1 : 0);
 }
 
+static bool safe_to_read_header(size_t words) {
+  precond(words > 0);
+
+  // Safe to read if we have enough words for the full header, i.e., both
+  // markWord and Klass pointer.
+  const bool safe = words >= (size_t)oopDesc::header_size();
+
+  // If using Compact Object Headers, the full header is inside the markWord,
+  // so will always be safe to read
+  assert(!UseCompactObjectHeaders || safe, "Compact Object Headers should always be safe");
+
+  return safe;
+}
+
 void PSParallelCompact::forward_to_new_addr() {
   GCTraceTime(Info, gc, phases) tm("Forward", &_gc_timer);
   uint nworkers = ParallelScavengeHeap::heap()->workers().active_workers();
@@ -1437,6 +1453,23 @@ void PSParallelCompact::forward_to_new_addr() {
       WorkerTask("PSForward task"),
       _num_workers(num_workers) {}
 
+    static bool should_preserve_mark(oop obj, HeapWord* end_addr) {
+      size_t remaining_words = pointer_delta(end_addr, cast_from_oop<HeapWord*>(obj));
+
+      if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled() && !safe_to_read_header(remaining_words)) {
+        // When using Valhalla, it might be necessary to preserve the Valhalla-
+        // specific bits in the markWord. If the entire object header is
+        // copied, the correct markWord (with the appropriate Valhalla bits)
+        // can be safely read from the Klass. However, if the full header is
+        // not copied, we cannot safely read the Klass to obtain this information.
+        // In such cases, we always preserve the markWord to ensure that all
+        // relevant bits, including Valhalla-specific ones, are retained.
+        return true;
+      } else {
+        return obj->mark().must_be_preserved();
+      }
+    }
+
     static void forward_objs_in_range(ParCompactionManager* cm,
                                       HeapWord* start,
                                       HeapWord* end,
@@ -1451,8 +1484,12 @@ void PSParallelCompact::forward_to_new_addr() {
         }
         assert(mark_bitmap()->is_marked(cur_addr), "inv");
         oop obj = cast_to_oop(cur_addr);
+
         if (new_addr != cur_addr) {
-          cm->preserved_marks()->push_if_necessary(obj, obj->mark());
+          if (should_preserve_mark(obj, end)) {
+            cm->preserved_marks()->push_always(obj, obj->mark());
+          }
+
           FullGCForwarding::forward_to(obj, cast_to_oop(new_addr));
         }
         size_t obj_size = obj->size();
@@ -2093,6 +2130,20 @@ HeapWord* PSParallelCompact::partial_obj_end(HeapWord* region_start_addr) {
   return region_start_addr + accumulated_size;
 }
 
+static markWord safe_mark_word_prototype(HeapWord* cur_addr, HeapWord* end_addr) {
+  // If the original markWord contains bits that cannot be reconstructed because
+  // the header cannot be safely read, a placeholder is used. In this case,
+  // the correct markWord is preserved before compaction and restored after
+  // compaction completes.
+  size_t remaining_words = pointer_delta(end_addr, cur_addr);
+
+  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders || (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled() && safe_to_read_header(remaining_words))) {
+    return cast_to_oop(cur_addr)->klass()->prototype_header();
+  } else {
+    return markWord::prototype();
+  }
+}
+
 // Use region_idx as the destination region, and evacuate all live objs on its
 // source regions to this destination region.
 void PSParallelCompact::fill_region(ParCompactionManager* cm, MoveAndUpdateClosure& closure, size_t region_idx)
@@ -2208,7 +2259,12 @@ void PSParallelCompact::fill_region(ParCompactionManager* cm, MoveAndUpdateClosu
         // This obj doesn't extend into next region; size() is safe to use.
         obj_size = cast_to_oop(cur_addr)->size();
       }
-      closure.do_addr(cur_addr, obj_size);
+
+      markWord mark = safe_mark_word_prototype(cur_addr, end_addr);
+
+      // Perform the move and update of the object
+      closure.do_addr(cur_addr, obj_size, mark);
+
       cur_addr += obj_size;
     } while (cur_addr < end_addr && !closure.is_full());
 
@@ -2328,7 +2384,7 @@ void MoveAndUpdateClosure::complete_region(HeapWord* dest_addr, PSParallelCompac
   region_ptr->set_completed();
 }
 
-void MoveAndUpdateClosure::do_addr(HeapWord* addr, size_t words) {
+void MoveAndUpdateClosure::do_addr(HeapWord* addr, size_t words, markWord mark) {
   assert(destination() != nullptr, "sanity");
   _source = addr;
 
@@ -2347,7 +2403,7 @@ void MoveAndUpdateClosure::do_addr(HeapWord* addr, size_t words) {
     assert(FullGCForwarding::is_forwarded(cast_to_oop(source())), "inv");
     assert(FullGCForwarding::forwardee(cast_to_oop(source())) == cast_to_oop(destination()), "inv");
     Copy::aligned_conjoint_words(source(), copy_destination(), words);
-    cast_to_oop(copy_destination())->init_mark();
+    cast_to_oop(copy_destination())->set_mark(mark);
   }
 
   update_state(words);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psParallelCompact.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psParallelCompact.hpp
index 909005f5360..543f0137a94 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psParallelCompact.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psParallelCompact.hpp
@@ -887,7 +887,7 @@ class MoveAndUpdateClosure: public StackObj {
 
   // If the object will fit (size <= words_remaining()), copy it to the current
   // destination, update the interior oops and the start array.
-  void do_addr(HeapWord* addr, size_t words);
+  void do_addr(HeapWord* addr, size_t words, markWord mark);
 
   inline MoveAndUpdateClosure(ParMarkBitMap* bitmap, size_t region);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psPromotionManager.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psPromotionManager.cpp
index 4c8319a3c07..157db5c07dd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psPromotionManager.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psPromotionManager.cpp
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
 #include "oops/compressedOops.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp"
 #include "utilities/checkedCast.hpp"
+#include "utilities/debug.hpp"
 
 PaddedEnd<PSPromotionManager>* PSPromotionManager::_manager_array = nullptr;
 PSPromotionManager::PSScannerTasksQueueSet* PSPromotionManager::_stack_array_depth = nullptr;
@@ -264,15 +265,18 @@ void PSPromotionManager::process_array_chunk(objArrayOop obj, size_t start, size
 void PSPromotionManager::process_array_chunk(PartialArrayState* state, bool stolen) {
   // Access before release by claim().
   objArrayOop to_array = objArrayOop(state->destination());
+  precond(to_array->is_array_with_oops());
+
   PartialArraySplitter::Claim claim =
     _partial_array_splitter.claim(state, &_claimed_stack_depth, stolen);
+
   process_array_chunk(to_array, claim._start, claim._end);
 }
 
 void PSPromotionManager::push_objArray(oop old_obj, oop new_obj) {
   assert(old_obj->is_forwarded(), "precondition");
   assert(old_obj->forwardee() == new_obj, "precondition");
-  assert(new_obj->is_objArray(), "precondition");
+  precond(new_obj->is_array_with_oops());
 
   objArrayOop to_array = objArrayOop(new_obj);
   size_t array_length = to_array->length();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psPromotionManager.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psPromotionManager.inline.hpp
index 4b9edeb7072..1d8e358c72b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psPromotionManager.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/parallel/psPromotionManager.inline.hpp
@@ -297,9 +297,9 @@ inline oop PSPromotionManager::copy_unmarked_to_survivor_space(oop o,
     // Do the size comparison first with new_obj_size, which we
     // already have. Hopefully, only a few objects are larger than
     // _min_array_size_for_chunking, and most of them will be arrays.
-    // So, the objArray test would be very infrequent.
+    // So, the is_array_with_oops test would be very infrequent.
     if (new_obj_size > _min_array_size_for_chunking &&
-        klass->is_objArray_klass()) {
+        new_obj->is_array_with_oops()) {
       push_objArray(o, new_obj);
     } else {
       // we'll just push its contents
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/serial/serialFullGC.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/serial/serialFullGC.cpp
index a88a0878305..b88319778a1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/serial/serialFullGC.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/serial/serialFullGC.cpp
@@ -376,14 +376,18 @@ template <class T> void SerialFullGC::KeepAliveClosure::do_oop_work(T* p) {
   mark_and_push(p);
 }
 
-void SerialFullGC::push_objarray(oop obj, size_t index) {
+void SerialFullGC::push_objarray(objArrayOop obj, size_t index) {
+  assert(obj->is_array_with_oops(), "Must be");
   ObjArrayTask task(obj, index);
   assert(task.is_valid(), "bad ObjArrayTask");
   _objarray_stack.push(task);
 }
 
 void SerialFullGC::follow_array(objArrayOop array) {
+  assert(array->is_array_with_oops(), "Must be");
+
   mark_and_push_closure.do_klass(array->klass());
+
   // Don't push empty arrays to avoid unnecessary work.
   if (array->length() > 0) {
     SerialFullGC::push_objarray(array, 0);
@@ -392,7 +396,7 @@ void SerialFullGC::follow_array(objArrayOop array) {
 
 void SerialFullGC::follow_object(oop obj) {
   assert(obj->is_gc_marked(), "should be marked");
-  if (obj->is_objArray()) {
+  if (obj->is_array_with_oops()) {
     // Handle object arrays explicitly to allow them to
     // be split into chunks if needed.
     SerialFullGC::follow_array((objArrayOop)obj);
@@ -402,6 +406,7 @@ void SerialFullGC::follow_object(oop obj) {
 }
 
 void SerialFullGC::follow_array_chunk(objArrayOop array, int index) {
+  assert(array->is_array_with_oops(), "Must be");
   const int len = array->length();
   const int beg_index = index;
   assert(beg_index < len || len == 0, "index too large");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/serial/serialFullGC.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/serial/serialFullGC.hpp
index 4b1a78a0994..f8802f138e4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/serial/serialFullGC.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/serial/serialFullGC.hpp
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ class SerialFullGC : AllStatic {
   // Mark pointer and follow contents.  Empty marking stack afterwards.
   template <class T> static inline void follow_root(T* p);
 
-  static inline void push_objarray(oop obj, size_t index);
+  static inline void push_objarray(objArrayOop obj, size_t index);
 
   static void follow_object(oop obj);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp
index 65e3b94c7f3..3cd3abae481 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp
@@ -312,6 +312,14 @@ class BarrierSet: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
     static void clone_in_heap(oop src, oop dst, size_t size) {
       Raw::clone(src, dst, size);
     }
+
+    static void value_copy_in_heap(const ValuePayload& src, const ValuePayload& dst) {
+      Raw::value_copy(src, dst);
+    }
+
+    static void value_store_null_in_heap(const ValuePayload& dst) {
+      Raw::value_store_null(dst);
+    }
   };
 };
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSet.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSet.inline.hpp
index eaa673114ab..7ecd36aff26 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSet.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSet.inline.hpp
@@ -40,9 +40,11 @@ inline OopCopyResult BarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::oop_arr
   T* src = arrayOopDesc::obj_offset_to_raw(src_obj, src_offset_in_bytes, src_raw);
   T* dst = arrayOopDesc::obj_offset_to_raw(dst_obj, dst_offset_in_bytes, dst_raw);
 
-  if (!HasDecorator<decorators, ARRAYCOPY_CHECKCAST>::value) {
+  if ((!HasDecorator<decorators, ARRAYCOPY_CHECKCAST>::value) &&
+      (!HasDecorator<decorators, ARRAYCOPY_NOTNULL>::value)) {
     // Covariant, copy without checks
     Raw::oop_arraycopy(nullptr, 0, src, nullptr, 0, dst, length);
+
     return OopCopyResult::ok;
   }
 
@@ -50,7 +52,11 @@ inline OopCopyResult BarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::oop_arr
   Klass* const dst_klass = objArrayOop(dst_obj)->element_klass();
   for (const T* const end = src + length; src < end; src++, dst++) {
     const T elem = *src;
-    if (!oopDesc::is_instanceof_or_null(CompressedOops::decode(elem), dst_klass)) {
+    if (HasDecorator<decorators, ARRAYCOPY_NOTNULL>::value && CompressedOops::is_null(elem)) {
+      return OopCopyResult::failed_check_null;
+    }
+    if (HasDecorator<decorators, ARRAYCOPY_CHECKCAST>::value &&
+        !oopDesc::is_instanceof_or_null(CompressedOops::decode(elem), dst_klass)) {
       return OopCopyResult::failed_check_class_cast;
     }
     *dst = elem;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSetRuntime.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSetRuntime.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2f4babd21a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSetRuntime.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "gc/shared/barrierSetRuntime.hpp"
+#include "oops/access.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/valuePayload.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp"
+#include "utilities/macros.hpp"
+
+JRT_LEAF(void, BarrierSetRuntime::value_copy(address src, address dst, InlineLayoutInfo* li))
+  ValuePayload src_payload = ValuePayload::construct_from_parts(src, li->klass(), li->kind());
+  ValuePayload dst_payload = ValuePayload::construct_from_parts(dst, li->klass(), li->kind());
+  HeapAccess<>::value_copy(src_payload, dst_payload);
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_LEAF(void, BarrierSetRuntime::value_copy_is_dest_uninitialized(address src, address dst, InlineLayoutInfo* li))
+  ValuePayload src_payload = ValuePayload::construct_from_parts(src, li->klass(), li->kind());
+  ValuePayload dst_payload = ValuePayload::construct_from_parts(dst, li->klass(), li->kind());
+  HeapAccess<IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED>::value_copy(src_payload, dst_payload);
+JRT_END
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSetRuntime.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSetRuntime.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8c74aac6c60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/barrierSetRuntime.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_GC_SHARED_BARRIERSETRUNTIME_HPP
+#define SHARE_GC_SHARED_BARRIERSETRUNTIME_HPP
+
+#include "memory/allocation.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
+
+class BarrierSetRuntime: public AllStatic {
+public:
+  // Template interpreter...
+  static void value_copy(address src, address dst, InlineLayoutInfo* layout_info);
+  static void value_copy_is_dest_uninitialized(address src, address dst, InlineLayoutInfo* layout_info);
+};
+
+#endif // SHARE_GC_SHARED_BARRIERSETRUNTIME_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c1/barrierSetC1.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c1/barrierSetC1.hpp
index e618a81b26b..042a3ffb35a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c1/barrierSetC1.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c1/barrierSetC1.hpp
@@ -70,11 +70,12 @@ class LIRAccess: public StackObj {
   LIR_Opr       _resolved_addr;
   CodeEmitInfo* _patch_emit_info;
   CodeEmitInfo* _access_emit_info;
+  ciInlineKlass* _vk; // For flat, atomic accesses that might require GC barriers on oop fields
 
 public:
   LIRAccess(LIRGenerator* gen, DecoratorSet decorators,
             LIRAddressOpr base, LIRAddressOpr offset, BasicType type,
-            CodeEmitInfo* patch_emit_info = nullptr, CodeEmitInfo* access_emit_info = nullptr) :
+            CodeEmitInfo* patch_emit_info = nullptr, CodeEmitInfo* access_emit_info = nullptr, ciInlineKlass* vk = nullptr) :
     _gen(gen),
     _decorators(AccessInternal::decorator_fixup(decorators, type)),
     _base(base),
@@ -82,7 +83,8 @@ class LIRAccess: public StackObj {
     _type(type),
     _resolved_addr(),
     _patch_emit_info(patch_emit_info),
-    _access_emit_info(access_emit_info) {}
+    _access_emit_info(access_emit_info),
+    _vk(vk) {}
 
   void load_base()   { _base.item().load_item(); }
   void load_offset() { _offset.item().load_nonconstant(); }
@@ -104,6 +106,7 @@ class LIRAccess: public StackObj {
   DecoratorSet decorators() const        { return _decorators; }
   void clear_decorators(DecoratorSet ds) { _decorators &= ~ds; }
   bool is_raw() const                    { return (_decorators & AS_RAW) != 0; }
+  ciInlineKlass* vk() const              { return _vk; }
 };
 
 // The BarrierSetC1 class is the main entry point for the GC backend of the Access API in C1.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c1/cardTableBarrierSetC1.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c1/cardTableBarrierSetC1.cpp
index 86b74aa5736..9effc0ad349 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c1/cardTableBarrierSetC1.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c1/cardTableBarrierSetC1.cpp
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/c1/cardTableBarrierSetC1.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/cardTable.hpp"
@@ -40,6 +41,21 @@ void CardTableBarrierSetC1::store_at_resolved(LIRAccess& access, LIR_Opr value)
   bool is_array = (decorators & IS_ARRAY) != 0;
   bool on_anonymous = (decorators & ON_UNKNOWN_OOP_REF) != 0;
 
+  // Is this a flat, atomic access that might require gc barriers on oop fields?
+  ciInlineKlass* vk = access.vk();
+  if (vk != nullptr && vk->has_object_fields()) {
+    // Add pre-barriers for oop fields
+    for (int i = 0; i < vk->nof_nonstatic_fields(); i++) {
+      ciField* field = vk->nonstatic_field_at(i);
+      if (!field->type()->is_primitive_type()) {
+        int off = access.offset().opr().as_jint() + field->offset_in_bytes() - vk->payload_offset();
+        LIRAccess inner_access(access.gen(), decorators, access.base(), LIR_OprFact::intConst(off), field->type()->basic_type(), access.patch_emit_info(), access.access_emit_info());
+        pre_barrier(inner_access, resolve_address(inner_access, false),
+                    LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr /* pre_val */, inner_access.patch_emit_info());
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   if (access.is_oop()) {
     pre_barrier(access, access.resolved_addr(),
                 LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr /* pre_val */, access.patch_emit_info());
@@ -52,6 +68,31 @@ void CardTableBarrierSetC1::store_at_resolved(LIRAccess& access, LIR_Opr value)
     LIR_Opr post_addr = precise ? access.resolved_addr() : access.base().opr();
     post_barrier(access, post_addr, value);
   }
+
+  if (vk != nullptr && vk->has_object_fields()) {
+    // Add post-barriers for oop fields
+    for (int i = 0; i < vk->nof_nonstatic_fields(); i++) {
+      ciField* field = vk->nonstatic_field_at(i);
+      if (!field->type()->is_primitive_type()) {
+        int inner_off = field->offset_in_bytes() - vk->payload_offset();
+        int off = access.offset().opr().as_jint() + inner_off;
+        LIRAccess inner_access(access.gen(), decorators, access.base(), LIR_OprFact::intConst(off), field->type()->basic_type(), access.patch_emit_info(), access.access_emit_info());
+
+        // Shift long value to extract the narrow oop field value and zero-extend
+        LIR_Opr field_val = access.gen()->new_register(T_LONG);
+        access.gen()->lir()->unsigned_shift_right(value,
+                                                  LIR_OprFact::intConst(inner_off << LogBitsPerByte),
+                                                  field_val, LIR_Opr::illegalOpr());
+        LIR_Opr mask = access.gen()->load_immediate((julong) max_juint, T_LONG);
+        access.gen()->lir()->logical_and(field_val, mask, field_val);
+        LIR_Opr oop_val = access.gen()->new_register(T_OBJECT);
+        access.gen()->lir()->move(field_val, oop_val);
+
+        assert(!is_array && !on_anonymous, "not supported");
+        post_barrier(inner_access, access.base().opr(), oop_val);
+      }
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 LIR_Opr CardTableBarrierSetC1::atomic_cmpxchg_at_resolved(LIRAccess& access, LIRItem& cmp_value, LIRItem& new_value) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c2/barrierSetC2.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c2/barrierSetC2.cpp
index 4b6a9ed3f33..7a773640466 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c2/barrierSetC2.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c2/barrierSetC2.cpp
@@ -48,6 +48,10 @@ void* C2ParseAccess::barrier_set_state() const {
 
 PhaseGVN& C2ParseAccess::gvn() const { return _kit->gvn(); }
 
+Node* C2ParseAccess::control() const {
+  return _ctl == nullptr ? _kit->control() : _ctl;
+}
+
 bool C2Access::needs_cpu_membar() const {
   bool mismatched   = (_decorators & C2_MISMATCHED) != 0;
   bool is_unordered = (_decorators & MO_UNORDERED) != 0;
@@ -207,7 +211,7 @@ Node* BarrierSetC2::load_at_resolved(C2Access& access, const Type* val_type) con
   if (access.is_parse_access()) {
     C2ParseAccess& parse_access = static_cast<C2ParseAccess&>(access);
     GraphKit* kit = parse_access.kit();
-    Node* control = control_dependent ? kit->control() : nullptr;
+    Node* control = control_dependent ? parse_access.control() : nullptr;
 
     if (immutable) {
       Compile* C = Compile::current();
@@ -869,7 +873,7 @@ void BarrierSetC2::clone_in_runtime(PhaseMacroExpand* phase, ArrayCopyNode* ac,
                                            TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM,
                                            src, dst, full_size_in_heap_words XTOP);
   phase->transform_later(call);
-  phase->igvn().replace_node(ac, call);
+  phase->replace_node(ac, call);
 }
 
 void BarrierSetC2::clone_at_expansion(PhaseMacroExpand* phase, ArrayCopyNode* ac) const {
@@ -893,7 +897,7 @@ void BarrierSetC2::clone_at_expansion(PhaseMacroExpand* phase, ArrayCopyNode* ac
   Node* call = phase->make_leaf_call(ctrl, mem, call_type, copyfunc_addr, copyfunc_name, raw_adr_type, payload_src, payload_dst, length XTOP);
   phase->transform_later(call);
 
-  phase->igvn().replace_node(ac, call);
+  phase->replace_node(ac, call);
 }
 
 #undef XTOP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c2/barrierSetC2.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c2/barrierSetC2.hpp
index 635d63ff4c6..a0876a8842c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c2/barrierSetC2.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c2/barrierSetC2.hpp
@@ -147,18 +147,25 @@ class C2Access: public StackObj {
 class C2ParseAccess: public C2Access {
 protected:
   GraphKit*         _kit;
+  Node* _ctl;
+  const InlineTypeNode* _vt; // For flat, atomic accesses that might require GC barriers on oop fields
 
   void* barrier_set_state() const;
 
 public:
   C2ParseAccess(GraphKit* kit, DecoratorSet decorators,
-                BasicType type, Node* base, C2AccessValuePtr& addr) :
+                BasicType type, Node* base, C2AccessValuePtr& addr,
+                Node* ctl = nullptr, const InlineTypeNode* vt = nullptr) :
     C2Access(decorators, type, base, addr),
-    _kit(kit) {
+    _kit(kit),
+    _ctl(ctl),
+    _vt (vt) {
     fixup_decorators();
   }
 
   GraphKit* kit() const           { return _kit; }
+  Node* control() const;
+  const InlineTypeNode* vt() const { return _vt; }
 
   virtual PhaseGVN& gvn() const;
   virtual bool is_parse_access() const { return true; }
@@ -302,7 +309,7 @@ class BarrierSetC2: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   virtual Node* atomic_xchg_at(C2AtomicParseAccess& access, Node* new_val, const Type* value_type) const;
   virtual Node* atomic_add_at(C2AtomicParseAccess& access, Node* new_val, const Type* value_type) const;
 
-  virtual void clone(GraphKit* kit, Node* src, Node* dst, Node* size, bool is_array) const;
+  virtual void clone(GraphKit* kit, Node* src_base, Node* dst_base, Node* size, bool is_array) const;
 
   virtual Node* obj_allocate(PhaseMacroExpand* macro, Node* mem, Node* toobig_false, Node* size_in_bytes,
                              Node*& i_o, Node*& needgc_ctrl,
@@ -330,7 +337,7 @@ class BarrierSetC2: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   // Support for macro expanded GC barriers
   virtual void register_potential_barrier_node(Node* node) const { }
   virtual void unregister_potential_barrier_node(Node* node) const { }
-  virtual void eliminate_gc_barrier(PhaseMacroExpand* macro, Node* node) const { }
+  virtual void eliminate_gc_barrier(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node* node) const { }
   virtual void eliminate_gc_barrier_data(Node* node) const { }
   virtual void enqueue_useful_gc_barrier(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node* node) const {}
   virtual void eliminate_useless_gc_barriers(Unique_Node_List &useful, Compile* C) const {}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c2/cardTableBarrierSetC2.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c2/cardTableBarrierSetC2.cpp
index 381a9f65295..2114865c25e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c2/cardTableBarrierSetC2.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c2/cardTableBarrierSetC2.cpp
@@ -47,7 +47,12 @@ Node* CardTableBarrierSetC2::store_at_resolved(C2Access& access, C2AccessValue&
   bool use_precise = is_array || anonymous;
   bool tightly_coupled_alloc = (decorators & C2_TIGHTLY_COUPLED_ALLOC) != 0;
 
-  if (!access.is_oop() || tightly_coupled_alloc || (!in_heap && !anonymous)) {
+  const InlineTypeNode* vt = nullptr;
+  if (access.is_parse_access() && static_cast<C2ParseAccess&>(access).vt() != nullptr) {
+    vt = static_cast<C2ParseAccess&>(access).vt();
+  }
+
+  if (vt == nullptr && (!access.is_oop() || tightly_coupled_alloc || (!in_heap && !anonymous))) {
     return BarrierSetC2::store_at_resolved(access, val);
   }
 
@@ -55,7 +60,25 @@ Node* CardTableBarrierSetC2::store_at_resolved(C2Access& access, C2AccessValue&
   C2ParseAccess& parse_access = static_cast<C2ParseAccess&>(access);
 
   Node* store = BarrierSetC2::store_at_resolved(access, val);
-  post_barrier(parse_access.kit(), access.base(), adr, val.node(), use_precise);
+  // TODO 8350865
+  // - We actually only need the post barrier once for non-arrays (same for C1, right)?
+  // - Value is only needed to determine if we are storing null. Maybe we can go with a simple boolean?
+  GraphKit* kit = parse_access.kit();
+  if (vt != nullptr) {
+    for (uint i = 0; i < vt->field_count(); ++i) {
+      ciField* field = vt->field(i);
+      ciType* type = field->type();
+      if (!type->is_primitive_type()) {
+        ciInlineKlass* vk = vt->bottom_type()->inline_klass();
+        int field_offset = field->offset_in_bytes() - vk->payload_offset();
+        Node* value = vt->field_value(i);
+        Node* field_adr = kit->basic_plus_adr(access.base(), adr, field_offset);
+        post_barrier(kit, access.base(), field_adr, value, use_precise);
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    post_barrier(kit, access.base(), adr, val.node(), use_precise);
+  }
 
   return store;
 }
@@ -211,25 +234,29 @@ bool CardTableBarrierSetC2::use_ReduceInitialCardMarks() {
   return ReduceInitialCardMarks;
 }
 
-void CardTableBarrierSetC2::eliminate_gc_barrier(PhaseMacroExpand* macro, Node* node) const {
+void CardTableBarrierSetC2::eliminate_gc_barrier(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node* node) const {
   assert(node->Opcode() == Op_CastP2X, "ConvP2XNode required");
-  Node *shift = node->unique_out();
-  Node *addp = shift->unique_out();
-  for (DUIterator_Last jmin, j = addp->last_outs(jmin); j >= jmin; --j) {
-    Node *mem = addp->last_out(j);
-    if (UseCondCardMark && mem->is_Load()) {
-      assert(mem->Opcode() == Op_LoadB, "unexpected code shape");
-      // The load is checking if the card has been written so
-      // replace it with zero to fold the test.
-      macro->replace_node(mem, macro->intcon(0));
-      continue;
+  for (DUIterator_Last imin, i = node->last_outs(imin); i >= imin; --i) {
+    Node* shift = node->last_out(i);
+    for (DUIterator_Last jmin, j = shift->last_outs(jmin); j >= jmin; --j) {
+      Node* addp = shift->last_out(j);
+      for (DUIterator_Last kmin, k = addp->last_outs(kmin); k >= kmin; --k) {
+        Node* mem = addp->last_out(k);
+        if (UseCondCardMark && mem->is_Load()) {
+          assert(mem->Opcode() == Op_LoadB, "unexpected code shape");
+          // The load is checking if the card has been written so
+          // replace it with zero to fold the test.
+          igvn->replace_node(mem, igvn->intcon(0));
+          continue;
+        }
+        assert(mem->is_Store(), "store required");
+        igvn->replace_node(mem, mem->in(MemNode::Memory));
+      }
     }
-    assert(mem->is_Store(), "store required");
-    macro->replace_node(mem, mem->in(MemNode::Memory));
   }
 }
 
 bool CardTableBarrierSetC2::array_copy_requires_gc_barriers(bool tightly_coupled_alloc, BasicType type, bool is_clone, bool is_clone_instance, ArrayCopyPhase phase) const {
-  bool is_oop = is_reference_type(type);
+  bool is_oop = type == T_OBJECT || type == T_ARRAY;
   return is_oop && (!tightly_coupled_alloc || !use_ReduceInitialCardMarks());
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c2/cardTableBarrierSetC2.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c2/cardTableBarrierSetC2.hpp
index 8f5bae8c6dd..5f6daa3a4f1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c2/cardTableBarrierSetC2.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c2/cardTableBarrierSetC2.hpp
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ class CardTableBarrierSetC2: public BarrierSetC2 {
   Node* byte_map_base_node(IdealKit* kit) const;
 
 public:
-  virtual void eliminate_gc_barrier(PhaseMacroExpand* macro, Node* node) const;
+  virtual void eliminate_gc_barrier(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node* node) const;
   virtual bool array_copy_requires_gc_barriers(bool tightly_coupled_alloc, BasicType type, bool is_clone, bool is_clone_instance, ArrayCopyPhase phase) const;
 
   static bool use_ReduceInitialCardMarks();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/cardTableBarrierSet.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/cardTableBarrierSet.hpp
index 5d355318b21..b09b7348b0d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/cardTableBarrierSet.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/cardTableBarrierSet.hpp
@@ -83,10 +83,8 @@ class CardTableBarrierSet: public BarrierSet {
   // optimized by some barriers.
 
   // Below length is the # array elements being written
-  virtual void write_ref_array_pre(oop* dst, size_t length,
-                                   bool dest_uninitialized) {}
-  virtual void write_ref_array_pre(narrowOop* dst, size_t length,
-                                   bool dest_uninitialized) {}
+  virtual void write_ref_array_pre(oop* dst, size_t length) {}
+  virtual void write_ref_array_pre(narrowOop* dst, size_t length) {}
   // Below count is the # array elements being written, starting
   // at the address "start", which may not necessarily be HeapWord-aligned
   inline void write_ref_array(HeapWord* start, size_t count);
@@ -123,6 +121,11 @@ class CardTableBarrierSet: public BarrierSet {
     static OopCopyResult oop_arraycopy_in_heap(arrayOop src_obj, size_t src_offset_in_bytes, T* src_raw,
                                                arrayOop dst_obj, size_t dst_offset_in_bytes, T* dst_raw,
                                                size_t length);
+  private:
+    // Failing checkcast or check null during copy, still needs barrier
+    template <typename T>
+    static inline void oop_arraycopy_partial_barrier(BarrierSetT *bs, T* dst_raw, T* p);
+  public:
 
     static void clone_in_heap(oop src, oop dst, size_t size);
 
@@ -137,6 +140,9 @@ class CardTableBarrierSet: public BarrierSet {
     static oop oop_atomic_cmpxchg_in_heap_at(oop base, ptrdiff_t offset, oop compare_value, oop new_value) {
       return oop_atomic_cmpxchg_in_heap(AccessInternal::oop_field_addr<decorators>(base, offset), compare_value, new_value);
     }
+
+    static void value_copy_in_heap(const ValuePayload& src, const ValuePayload& dst);
+    static void value_store_null_in_heap(const ValuePayload& dst);
   };
 };
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/cardTableBarrierSet.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/cardTableBarrierSet.inline.hpp
index 5c10a1618a5..dcc84bfe9c8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/cardTableBarrierSet.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/cardTableBarrierSet.inline.hpp
@@ -30,8 +30,11 @@
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/cardTable.hpp"
 #include "oops/compressedOops.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/layoutKind.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.hpp"
+#include "utilities/debug.hpp"
 
 template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename T>
 inline void CardTableBarrierSet::write_ref_field_post(T* field) {
@@ -97,6 +100,20 @@ oop_atomic_xchg_in_heap(T* addr, oop new_value) {
   return result;
 }
 
+template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename BarrierSetT>
+template <typename T>
+inline void CardTableBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::
+oop_arraycopy_partial_barrier(BarrierSetT *bs, T* dst_raw, T* p) {
+  const size_t pd = pointer_delta(p, dst_raw, (size_t)heapOopSize);
+  // pointer delta is scaled to number of elements (length field in
+  // objArrayOop) which we assume is 32 bit.
+  assert(pd == (size_t)(int)pd, "length field overflow");
+  if (pd > 0) {
+    // Copied at least one element; call the barrier.
+    bs->write_ref_array((HeapWord*)dst_raw, pd);
+  }
+}
+
 template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename BarrierSetT>
 template <typename T>
 inline OopCopyResult CardTableBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::
@@ -108,10 +125,12 @@ oop_arraycopy_in_heap(arrayOop src_obj, size_t src_offset_in_bytes, T* src_raw,
   src_raw = arrayOopDesc::obj_offset_to_raw(src_obj, src_offset_in_bytes, src_raw);
   dst_raw = arrayOopDesc::obj_offset_to_raw(dst_obj, dst_offset_in_bytes, dst_raw);
 
-  if (!HasDecorator<decorators, ARRAYCOPY_CHECKCAST>::value) {
+  if ((!HasDecorator<decorators, ARRAYCOPY_CHECKCAST>::value) &&
+      (!HasDecorator<decorators, ARRAYCOPY_NOTNULL>::value)) {
     // Optimized covariant case
-    bs->write_ref_array_pre(dst_raw, length,
-                            HasDecorator<decorators, IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED>::value);
+    if (!HasDecorator<decorators, IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED>::value) {
+      bs->write_ref_array_pre(dst_raw, length);
+    }
     Raw::oop_arraycopy(nullptr, 0, src_raw, nullptr, 0, dst_raw, length);
     bs->write_ref_array((HeapWord*)dst_raw, length);
   } else {
@@ -121,21 +140,19 @@ oop_arraycopy_in_heap(arrayOop src_obj, size_t src_offset_in_bytes, T* src_raw,
     T* end = from + length;
     for (T* p = dst_raw; from < end; from++, p++) {
       T element = *from;
-      if (oopDesc::is_instanceof_or_null(CompressedOops::decode(element), bound)) {
-        bs->template write_ref_field_pre<decorators>(p);
-        *p = element;
-      } else {
-        // We must do a barrier to cover the partial copy.
-        const size_t pd = pointer_delta(p, dst_raw, (size_t)heapOopSize);
-        // pointer delta is scaled to number of elements (length field in
-        // objArrayOop) which we assume is 32 bit.
-        assert(pd == (size_t)(int)pd, "length field overflow");
-        if (pd > 0) {
-          // Copied at least one element; call the barrier.
-          bs->write_ref_array((HeapWord*)dst_raw, pd);
-        }
+      // Apply any required checks
+      if (HasDecorator<decorators, ARRAYCOPY_NOTNULL>::value && CompressedOops::is_null(element)) {
+        oop_arraycopy_partial_barrier(bs, dst_raw, p);
+        return OopCopyResult::failed_check_null;
+      }
+      if (HasDecorator<decorators, ARRAYCOPY_CHECKCAST>::value &&
+          (!oopDesc::is_instanceof_or_null(CompressedOops::decode(element), bound))) {
+        oop_arraycopy_partial_barrier(bs, dst_raw, p);
         return OopCopyResult::failed_check_class_cast;
       }
+      // write
+      bs->template write_ref_field_pre<decorators>(p);
+      *p = element;
     }
     bs->write_ref_array((HeapWord*)dst_raw, length);
   }
@@ -151,4 +168,78 @@ clone_in_heap(oop src, oop dst, size_t size) {
   bs->write_region(MemRegion((HeapWord*)(void*)dst, size));
 }
 
+template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename BarrierSetT>
+inline void CardTableBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::
+value_copy_in_heap(const ValuePayload& src, const ValuePayload& dst) {
+  precond(src.klass() == dst.klass());
+
+  const InlineKlass* md = src.klass();
+  if (!md->contains_oops()) {
+    // If we do not have oops in the flat array, we can just do a raw copy.
+    Raw::value_copy(src, dst);
+  } else {
+    BarrierSetT* bs = barrier_set_cast<BarrierSetT>(BarrierSet::barrier_set());
+    // addr() points at the payload start, the oop map offset are relative to
+    // the object header, adjust address to account for this discrepancy.
+    const address oop_map_adjusted_dst_addr = dst.addr() - md->payload_offset();
+    typedef typename ValueOopType<decorators>::type OopType;
+
+    // Pre-barriers...
+    if (!HasDecorator<decorators, IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED>::value) {
+      OopMapBlock* map = md->start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps();
+      OopMapBlock* const end = map + md->nonstatic_oop_map_count();
+
+      while (map != end) {
+        address doop_address = oop_map_adjusted_dst_addr + map->offset();
+
+        bs->write_ref_array_pre((OopType*) doop_address, map->count());
+        map++;
+      }
+    }
+
+    Raw::value_copy(src, dst);
+
+    // Post-barriers...
+    OopMapBlock* map = md->start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps();
+    OopMapBlock* const end = map + md->nonstatic_oop_map_count();
+    while (map != end) {
+      address doop_address = oop_map_adjusted_dst_addr + map->offset();
+      // The post-barrier needs to be called for initialized and uninitialized destinations.
+      bs->write_ref_array((HeapWord*) doop_address, map->count());
+      map++;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename BarrierSetT>
+inline void CardTableBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::
+value_store_null_in_heap(const ValuePayload& dst) {
+  const InlineKlass* md = dst.klass();
+  if (!md->contains_oops()) {
+    // If we do not have oops in the flat array, we can just do a raw clear.
+    Raw::value_store_null(dst);
+  } else {
+    BarrierSetT* bs = barrier_set_cast<BarrierSetT>(BarrierSet::barrier_set());
+    // addr() points at the payload start, the oop map offset are relative to
+    // the object header, adjust address to account for this discrepancy.
+    const address oop_map_adjusted_dst_addr = dst.addr() - md->payload_offset();
+    typedef typename ValueOopType<decorators>::type OopType;
+
+    // Pre-barriers...
+    if (!HasDecorator<decorators, IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED>::value) {
+      OopMapBlock* map = md->start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps();
+      OopMapBlock* const end = map + md->nonstatic_oop_map_count();
+      while (map != end) {
+        address doop_address = oop_map_adjusted_dst_addr + map->offset();
+        bs->write_ref_array_pre((OopType*) doop_address, map->count());
+        map++;
+      }
+    }
+
+    Raw::value_store_null(dst);
+
+    // Storing null does not require post-barriers
+  }
+}
+
 #endif // SHARE_GC_SHARED_CARDTABLEBARRIERSET_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp
index 194c1fe0bf2..aa82f093c13 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ inline oop CollectedHeap::obj_allocate(Klass* klass, size_t size, TRAPS) {
 }
 
 inline oop CollectedHeap::array_allocate(Klass* klass, size_t size, int length, bool do_zero, TRAPS) {
+  assert(!klass->is_unrefined_objArray_klass(), "ObjArrayKlass must never be used to allocate array instances directly");
   ObjArrayAllocator allocator(klass, size, length, do_zero, THREAD);
   return allocator.allocate();
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/memAllocator.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/memAllocator.cpp
index 265c01b3683..687c76d6753 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/memAllocator.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/memAllocator.cpp
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "oops/arrayOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/continuationJavaClasses.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
@@ -380,7 +381,11 @@ oop MemAllocator::finish(HeapWord* mem) const {
   if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
     oopDesc::release_set_mark(mem, _klass->prototype_header());
   } else {
-    oopDesc::set_mark(mem, markWord::prototype());
+    if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+      oopDesc::set_mark(mem, _klass->prototype_header());
+    } else {
+      oopDesc::set_mark(mem, markWord::prototype());
+    }
     oopDesc::release_set_klass(mem, _klass);
   }
   return cast_to_oop(mem);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/memAllocator.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/memAllocator.hpp
index ec67616adba..4600793c514 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/memAllocator.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/memAllocator.hpp
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 
-// These fascilities are used for allocating, and initializing newly allocated objects.
+// These facilities are used for allocating, and initializing newly allocated objects.
 
 class MemAllocator: StackObj {
 protected:
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/c2/shenandoahBarrierSetC2.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/c2/shenandoahBarrierSetC2.cpp
index e4f1b6e86c1..1bac056a225 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/c2/shenandoahBarrierSetC2.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/c2/shenandoahBarrierSetC2.cpp
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetC2::eliminate_gc_barrier_data(Node* node) const {
   }
 }
 
-void ShenandoahBarrierSetC2::eliminate_gc_barrier(PhaseMacroExpand* macro, Node* node) const {
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetC2::eliminate_gc_barrier(PhaseIterGVN* macro, Node* node) const {
   eliminate_gc_barrier_data(node);
 }
 
@@ -557,8 +557,10 @@ bool ShenandoahBarrierSetC2::clone_needs_barrier(const TypeOopPtr* src_type, boo
   } else if (src_type->isa_aryptr() != nullptr) {
     // Array: need barrier only if array is oop-bearing.
     BasicType src_elem = src_type->isa_aryptr()->elem()->array_element_basic_type();
-    if (is_reference_type(src_elem, true)) {
+    if (is_reference_type(src_elem, true) && src_type->is_not_flat()) {
       is_oop_array = true;
+    } else if (!src_type->is_not_flat()) {
+      // Maybe flat, assume the worst.
     } else {
       return false;
     }
@@ -636,6 +638,12 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetC2::clone_at_expansion(PhaseMacroExpand* phase, ArrayCo
   const jlong offset = src_offset->get_long();
   const TypeAryPtr* const ary_ptr = src->get_ptr_type()->isa_aryptr();
   BasicType bt = ary_ptr->elem()->array_element_basic_type();
+  if (offset != arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(bt)) {
+    // Something is off with flat arrays. Go to runtime instead.
+    // TODO: Figure this out.
+    clone_in_runtime(phase, ac, ShenandoahRuntime::clone_addr(), "ShenandoahRuntime::clone");
+    return;
+  }
   assert(offset == arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(bt), "should match");
 
   const char*   copyfunc_name = "arraycopy";
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/c2/shenandoahBarrierSetC2.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/c2/shenandoahBarrierSetC2.hpp
index 11fdbd8674b..097e28a562e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/c2/shenandoahBarrierSetC2.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/c2/shenandoahBarrierSetC2.hpp
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ class ShenandoahBarrierSetC2 : public BarrierSetC2 {
       bool is_clone_instance, ArrayCopyPhase phase) const;
 
   // Support for macro expanded GC barriers
-  virtual void eliminate_gc_barrier(PhaseMacroExpand* macro, Node* node) const;
+  virtual void eliminate_gc_barrier(PhaseIterGVN* macro, Node* node) const;
   virtual void eliminate_gc_barrier_data(Node* node) const;
 
   // Allow barrier sets to have shared state that is preserved across a compilation unit.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahArguments.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahArguments.cpp
index 6d0895c5afa..ac5c4d0c8a7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahArguments.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahArguments.cpp
@@ -208,6 +208,15 @@ void ShenandoahArguments::initialize() {
         ShenandoahAllocRateSampleWindow));
   }
 
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    // Flat atomic payloads may contain embedded oops. Current Valhalla code does not handle
+    // it well, missing the GC barriers. As the temporary kludge, disable compressed oops:
+    // this would make flat atomic payloads contain at most one oop, which would be treated
+    // as the single oop field.
+    log_warning(gc)("Shenandoah disables compressed oops to avoid breaking with Valhalla");
+    FLAG_SET_ERGO(UseCompressedOops, false);
+  }
+
   FullGCForwarding::initialize_flags(MaxHeapSize);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp
index ac896f24739..e3619c3f45f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ class ShenandoahBarrierSet: public BarrierSet {
   void print_on(outputStream* st) const override;
 
   template <class T>
-  inline void arraycopy_barrier(T* src, T* dst, size_t count);
+  inline void arraycopy_barrier(T* src, T* dst, size_t count, bool dest_uninit);
 
   // Support for optimizing compilers to call the barrier set on slow path allocations
   // that did not enter a TLAB. Used for e.g. ReduceInitialCardMarks to take any
@@ -178,6 +178,10 @@ class ShenandoahBarrierSet: public BarrierSet {
     // Clone barrier support
     static void clone_in_heap(oop src, oop dst, size_t size);
 
+    // Valhalla support
+    static void value_copy_in_heap(const ValuePayload& src, const ValuePayload& dst);
+    static void value_store_null_in_heap(const ValuePayload& dst);
+
     // Support for concurrent roots evacuation, updating and weak roots clearing
     template <typename T>
     static oop oop_load_not_in_heap(T* addr);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp
index af0622693fb..304d1430c4a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp
@@ -492,6 +492,84 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::clone_in_heap
   shenandoah_assert_in_young_if(nullptr, dst, ShenandoahCardBarrier);
 }
 
+template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename BarrierSetT>
+void ShenandoahBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::value_copy_in_heap(const ValuePayload& src, const ValuePayload& dst) {
+  precond(src.klass() == dst.klass());
+
+  const InlineKlass* md = src.klass();
+  if (!md->contains_oops()) {
+    // If we do not have oops in the flat array, we can just do a raw copy.
+    Raw::value_copy(src, dst);
+  } else {
+    ShenandoahBarrierSet* bs = ShenandoahBarrierSet::barrier_set();
+    // addr() points at the payload start, the oop map offset are relative to
+    // the object header, adjust address to account for this discrepancy.
+    const address oop_map_adjusted_src_addr = src.addr() - md->payload_offset();
+    const address oop_map_adjusted_dst_addr = dst.addr() - md->payload_offset();
+    typedef typename ValueOopType<decorators>::type OopType;
+
+    // Oop maps tell us where the array-like structures are in the value payload.
+    // For simplicity, apply arraycopy barriers over them.
+    bool dest_uninit = HasDecorator<decorators, IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED>::value;
+    {
+      OopMapBlock* map = md->start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps();
+      OopMapBlock* const end = map + md->nonstatic_oop_map_count();
+
+      while (map != end) {
+        address src_oop_address = oop_map_adjusted_src_addr + map->offset();
+        address dst_oop_address = oop_map_adjusted_dst_addr + map->offset();
+        bs->arraycopy_barrier((OopType*) src_oop_address, (OopType*) dst_oop_address, map->count(), dest_uninit);
+        map++;
+      }
+    }
+
+    Raw::value_copy(src, dst);
+
+    // Similarly, we can ask for ref array store helper for post-barriers.
+    if (ShenandoahCardBarrier) {
+      OopMapBlock* map = md->start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps();
+      OopMapBlock* const end = map + md->nonstatic_oop_map_count();
+      while (map != end) {
+        address dst_oop_address = oop_map_adjusted_dst_addr + map->offset();
+        bs->write_ref_array((HeapWord*) dst_oop_address, map->count());
+        map++;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename BarrierSetT>
+void ShenandoahBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::value_store_null_in_heap(const ValuePayload& dst) {
+  const InlineKlass* md = dst.klass();
+  if (!md->contains_oops()) {
+    // If we do not have oops in the flat array, we can just do a raw clear.
+    Raw::value_store_null(dst);
+  } else {
+    ShenandoahBarrierSet* bs = ShenandoahBarrierSet::barrier_set();
+    // addr() points at the payload start, the oop map offset are relative to
+    // the object header, adjust address to account for this discrepancy.
+    const address oop_map_adjusted_dst_addr = dst.addr() - md->payload_offset();
+    typedef typename ValueOopType<decorators>::type OopType;
+
+    // Oop maps tell us where the array-like structures are in the value payload.
+    // For simplicity, apply arraycopy barriers over them.
+    bool dest_uninit = HasDecorator<decorators, IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED>::value;
+    if (!dest_uninit) {
+      OopMapBlock* map = md->start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps();
+      OopMapBlock* const end = map + md->nonstatic_oop_map_count();
+      while (map != end) {
+        address dst_oop_address = oop_map_adjusted_dst_addr + map->offset();
+        bs->arraycopy_barrier((OopType*) dst_oop_address, (OopType*) dst_oop_address, map->count(), dest_uninit);
+        map++;
+      }
+    }
+
+    Raw::value_store_null(dst);
+
+    // Storing null does not require post-barriers
+  }
+}
+
 template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename BarrierSetT>
 template <typename T>
 OopCopyResult ShenandoahBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::oop_arraycopy_in_heap(arrayOop src_obj, size_t src_offset_in_bytes, T* src_raw,
@@ -499,9 +577,10 @@ OopCopyResult ShenandoahBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::oop_
                                                                                                   size_t length) {
   T* src = arrayOopDesc::obj_offset_to_raw(src_obj, src_offset_in_bytes, src_raw);
   T* dst = arrayOopDesc::obj_offset_to_raw(dst_obj, dst_offset_in_bytes, dst_raw);
+  bool dest_uninit = HasDecorator<decorators, IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED>::value;
 
   ShenandoahBarrierSet* bs = ShenandoahBarrierSet::barrier_set();
-  bs->arraycopy_barrier(src, dst, length);
+  bs->arraycopy_barrier(src, dst, length, dest_uninit);
   OopCopyResult result = Raw::oop_arraycopy_in_heap(src_obj, src_offset_in_bytes, src_raw, dst_obj, dst_offset_in_bytes, dst_raw, length);
   if (ShenandoahCardBarrier) {
     bs->write_ref_array((HeapWord*) dst, length);
@@ -510,14 +589,14 @@ OopCopyResult ShenandoahBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::oop_
 }
 
 template <class T>
-void ShenandoahBarrierSet::arraycopy_barrier(T* src, T* dst, size_t count) {
+void ShenandoahBarrierSet::arraycopy_barrier(T* src, T* dst, size_t count, bool dest_uninit) {
   if (count == 0) {
     // No elements to copy, no need for barrier
     return;
   }
 
   const char gc_state = ShenandoahThreadLocalData::gc_state(Thread::current());
-  if ((gc_state & ShenandoahHeap::MARKING) != 0) {
+  if (!dest_uninit && (gc_state & ShenandoahHeap::MARKING) != 0) {
     // If marking old or young, we must evaluate the SATB barrier. This will be the only
     // action if we are not marking old. If we are marking old, we must still evaluate the
     // load reference barrier for a young collection.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetNMethod.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetNMethod.cpp
index 2be5722f7f9..1929313148d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetNMethod.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetNMethod.cpp
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ bool ShenandoahBarrierSetNMethod::nmethod_entry_barrier(nmethod* nm) {
 
     // We can end up calling nmethods that are unloading
     // since we clear compiled ICs lazily. Returning false
-    // will re-resovle the call and update the compiled IC.
+    // will re-resolve the call and update the compiled IC.
     return false;
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.inline.hpp
index 45cec71935b..d1bf28cc33c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.inline.hpp
@@ -73,6 +73,11 @@ void ShenandoahMark::do_task(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, ShenandoahLiveD
         InstanceKlass::cast(klass)->oop_oop_iterate<OT>(obj, cl);
         break;
       }
+      case Klass::InlineKlassKind: {
+        // Inline instance.
+        InlineKlass::cast(klass)->oop_oop_iterate<OT>(obj, cl);
+        break;
+      }
       case Klass::InstanceRefKlassKind: {
         // (Weak) reference instance.
         InstanceRefKlass::cast(klass)->oop_oop_iterate<OT>(obj, cl);
@@ -99,11 +104,19 @@ void ShenandoahMark::do_task(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, ShenandoahLiveD
         break;
       }
       case Klass::ObjArrayKlassKind: {
-        // Object array and no chunk is set. Must be the first
+        fatal("Unexpected unrefined object array klass");
+      }
+      case Klass::RefArrayKlassKind: {
+        // Reference array and no chunk is set. Must be the first
         // time we visit it, start the chunked processing.
         do_chunked_array_start<T, OT>(q, cl, obj, klass, weak);
         break;
       }
+      case Klass::FlatArrayKlassKind: {
+        // Flat array, all elements are embedded.
+        FlatArrayKlass::cast(klass)->oop_oop_iterate<OT>(obj, cl);
+        break;
+      }
       default: {
         fatal("Unknown klass kind: %d", klass->kind());
       }
@@ -115,7 +128,7 @@ void ShenandoahMark::do_task(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, ShenandoahLiveD
       count_liveness<GENERATION>(live_data, obj, klass, worker_id);
     }
   } else {
-    // Object array chunk. Process it.
+    // Reference array chunk. Process it.
     do_chunked_array<T, OT>(q, cl, obj, klass, task->chunk(), task->pow(), weak);
   }
 }
@@ -182,18 +195,18 @@ void ShenandoahMark::count_liveness(ShenandoahLiveData* live_data, oop obj, Klas
 
 template <class T, class OT>
 void ShenandoahMark::do_chunked_array_start(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, oop obj, Klass* klass, bool weak) {
-  assert(obj->is_objArray(), "expect object array");
-  objArrayOop array = objArrayOop(obj);
+  assert(obj->is_refArray(), "expect ref array");
+  refArrayOop array = refArrayOop(obj);
   int len = array->length();
 
-  // Mark objArray klass metadata
+  // Mark reference array klass metadata
   if (Devirtualizer::do_metadata(cl)) {
     Devirtualizer::do_klass(cl, klass);
   }
 
   if (len <= (int) ObjArrayMarkingStride*2) {
     // A few slices only, process directly
-    ObjArrayKlass::cast(klass)->oop_oop_iterate_elements_range<OT>(array, cl, 0, len);
+    RefArrayKlass::cast(klass)->oop_oop_iterate_elements_range<OT>(array, cl, 0, len);
   } else {
     int bits = log2i_graceful(len);
     // Compensate for non-power-of-two arrays, cover the array in excess:
@@ -242,15 +255,15 @@ void ShenandoahMark::do_chunked_array_start(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl,
     // Process the irregular tail, if present
     int from = last_idx;
     if (from < len) {
-      ObjArrayKlass::cast(klass)->oop_oop_iterate_elements_range<OT>(array, cl, from, len);
+      RefArrayKlass::cast(klass)->oop_oop_iterate_elements_range<OT>(array, cl, from, len);
     }
   }
 }
 
 template <class T, class OT>
 void ShenandoahMark::do_chunked_array(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, oop obj, Klass* klass, int chunk, int pow, bool weak) {
-  assert(obj->is_objArray(), "expect object array");
-  objArrayOop array = objArrayOop(obj);
+  assert(obj->is_refArray(), "expect ref array");
+  refArrayOop array = refArrayOop(obj);
 
   // Split out tasks, as suggested in ShenandoahMarkTask docs. Avoid pushing tasks that
   // are known to start beyond the array.
@@ -272,7 +285,7 @@ void ShenandoahMark::do_chunked_array(ShenandoahObjToScanQueue* q, T* cl, oop ob
   assert (0 < to && to <= len, "to is sane: %d/%d", to, len);
 #endif
 
-  ObjArrayKlass::cast(klass)->oop_oop_iterate_elements_range<OT>(array, cl, from, to);
+  RefArrayKlass::cast(klass)->oop_oop_iterate_elements_range<OT>(array, cl, from, to);
 }
 
 template <ShenandoahGenerationType GENERATION>
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahObjArrayAllocator.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahObjArrayAllocator.cpp
index dc9fef16cf6..964dada3b38 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahObjArrayAllocator.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahObjArrayAllocator.cpp
@@ -71,7 +71,10 @@ oop ShenandoahObjArrayAllocator::initialize(HeapWord* mem) const {
   // Always initialize the mem with primitive array first so GC won't look into the elements in the array.
   // For obj array, the header will be corrected to object array after clearing the memory.
   Klass* filling_klass = _klass;
-  const bool is_ref_type = is_reference_type(element_type);
+
+  // Flat arrays containing oops are not supported and only contain primitives
+  // from here on out.
+  const bool is_ref_type = (element_type != T_FLAT_ELEMENT) && is_reference_type(element_type);
 
   if (is_ref_type) {
     filling_klass = LP64_ONLY(UseCompressedOops ? Universe::intArrayKlass() : Universe::longArrayKlass()) NOT_LP64(Universe::intArrayKlass());
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahRuntime.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahRuntime.cpp
index 7fbd726a01f..77c1bab4c3e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahRuntime.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahRuntime.cpp
@@ -30,11 +30,11 @@
 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
 
 JRT_LEAF(void, ShenandoahRuntime::arraycopy_barrier_oop(oop* src, oop* dst, size_t length))
-  ShenandoahBarrierSet::barrier_set()->arraycopy_barrier(src, dst, length);
+  ShenandoahBarrierSet::barrier_set()->arraycopy_barrier(src, dst, length, false);
 JRT_END
 
 JRT_LEAF(void, ShenandoahRuntime::arraycopy_barrier_narrow_oop(narrowOop* src, narrowOop* dst, size_t length))
-  ShenandoahBarrierSet::barrier_set()->arraycopy_barrier(src, dst, length);
+  ShenandoahBarrierSet::barrier_set()->arraycopy_barrier(src, dst, length, false);
 JRT_END
 
 JRT_LEAF(void, ShenandoahRuntime::write_barrier_pre(oopDesc* obj))
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahScanRemembered.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahScanRemembered.inline.hpp
index 3c82efee16c..4d8ab0657b4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahScanRemembered.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahScanRemembered.inline.hpp
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ void ShenandoahScanRemembered::process_clusters(size_t first_cluster, size_t cou
       // PREFIX: The object that straddles into this range of dirty cards
       // from the left may be subject to special treatment unless
       // it is an object array.
-      if (p < left && !obj->is_objArray()) {
+      if (p < left && !obj->is_refArray()) {
         // The mutator (both compiler and interpreter, but not JNI?)
         // typically dirty imprecisely (i.e. only the head of an object),
         // but GC closures typically dirty the object precisely. (It would
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ void ShenandoahScanRemembered::process_clusters(size_t first_cluster, size_t cou
         assert(last_p < right, "Error");
         // check if last_p suffix needs scanning
         const oop last_obj = cast_to_oop(last_p);
-        if (!last_obj->is_objArray()) {
+        if (!last_obj->is_refArray()) {
           // scan the remaining suffix of the object
           const MemRegion last_mr(right, p);
           assert(p == last_p + last_obj->size(), "Would miss portion of last_obj");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/c2/zBarrierSetC2.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/c2/zBarrierSetC2.cpp
index 7f81be61785..6117754fde0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/c2/zBarrierSetC2.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/c2/zBarrierSetC2.cpp
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ void ZBarrierSetC2::clone_at_expansion(PhaseMacroExpand* phase, ArrayCopyNode* a
 
   if (ac->is_clone_array() && ary_ptr != nullptr) {
     BasicType bt = ary_ptr->elem()->array_element_basic_type();
-    if (is_reference_type(bt)) {
+    if (is_reference_type(bt) && !ary_ptr->is_flat()) {
       // Clone object array
       bt = T_OBJECT;
     } else {
@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@ void ZBarrierSetC2::clone_at_expansion(PhaseMacroExpand* phase, ArrayCopyNode* a
       if (offset != arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT)) {
         assert(UseCompactObjectHeaders, "should only happen with COH");
         assert((arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT) - offset) == BytesPerLong, "unexpected offset");
-        length = phase->transform_later(new SubLNode(length, phase->longcon(1))); // Size is in longs
+        length = phase->transform_later(new SubXNode(length, phase->longcon(1))); // Size is in longs
         src_offset = phase->longcon(arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT));
         dest_offset = src_offset;
       }
@@ -551,7 +551,8 @@ void ZBarrierSetC2::analyze_dominating_barriers() const {
   elide_dominated_barriers(atomics, atomic_dominators);
 }
 
-void ZBarrierSetC2::eliminate_gc_barrier(PhaseMacroExpand* macro, Node* node) const {
+
+void ZBarrierSetC2::eliminate_gc_barrier(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node* node) const {
   eliminate_gc_barrier_data(node);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/c2/zBarrierSetC2.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/c2/zBarrierSetC2.hpp
index b085cd5b5d8..8b8954d3da1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/c2/zBarrierSetC2.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/c2/zBarrierSetC2.hpp
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ class ZBarrierSetC2 : public BarrierSetC2 {
   virtual void late_barrier_analysis() const;
   virtual int estimate_stub_size() const;
   virtual void emit_stubs(CodeBuffer& cb) const;
-  virtual void eliminate_gc_barrier(PhaseMacroExpand* macro, Node* node) const;
+  virtual void eliminate_gc_barrier(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node* node) const;
   virtual void eliminate_gc_barrier_data(Node* node) const;
 
 #ifndef PRODUCT
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSet.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSet.hpp
index 12efbdf1b98..f5ee9f5d850 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSet.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSet.hpp
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "gc/z/zAddress.hpp"
 
 class ZBarrierSetAssembler;
+class ValuePayload;
 
 class ZBarrierSet : public BarrierSet {
 private:
@@ -102,6 +103,7 @@ class ZBarrierSet : public BarrierSet {
     static zaddress oop_copy_one_barriers(zpointer* dst, zpointer* src);
     static OopCopyResult oop_copy_one_check_cast(zpointer* dst, zpointer* src, Klass* dst_klass);
     static OopCopyResult oop_copy_one(zpointer* dst, zpointer* src);
+    static OopCopyResult oop_clear_one(zpointer* dst);
 
     static OopCopyResult oop_arraycopy_in_heap_check_cast(zpointer* dst, zpointer* src, size_t length, Klass* dst_klass);
     static OopCopyResult oop_arraycopy_in_heap_no_check_cast(zpointer* dst, zpointer* src, size_t length);
@@ -152,6 +154,9 @@ class ZBarrierSet : public BarrierSet {
 
     static void clone_in_heap(oop src, oop dst, size_t size);
 
+    static void value_copy_in_heap(const ValuePayload& src, const ValuePayload& dst);
+    static void value_store_null_in_heap(const ValuePayload& dst);
+
     //
     // Not in heap
     //
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSet.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSet.inline.hpp
index d38068e92f7..926079dab0f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSet.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSet.inline.hpp
@@ -27,12 +27,16 @@
 #include "gc/z/zBarrierSet.hpp"
 
 #include "gc/shared/accessBarrierSupport.inline.hpp"
+#include "gc/z/zAddress.hpp"
 #include "gc/z/zAddress.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/z/zHeap.hpp"
 #include "gc/z/zNMethod.hpp"
 #include "gc/z/zUtils.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.hpp"
+#include "utilities/copy.hpp"
 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 
 template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename BarrierSetT>
 template <DecoratorSet expected>
@@ -332,17 +336,38 @@ template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename BarrierSetT>
 inline OopCopyResult ZBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::oop_copy_one(zpointer* dst, zpointer* src) {
   const zaddress obj = oop_copy_one_barriers(dst, src);
 
-  // Future location for null-restriction check and failure reporting
+  if (HasDecorator<decorators, ARRAYCOPY_NOTNULL>::value && is_null(obj)) {
+    return OopCopyResult::failed_check_null;
+  }
 
   AtomicAccess::store(dst, ZAddress::store_good(obj));
 
   return OopCopyResult::ok;
 }
 
+template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename BarrierSetT>
+inline OopCopyResult ZBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::oop_clear_one(zpointer* dst) {
+  if (HasDecorator<decorators, ARRAYCOPY_NOTNULL>::value) {
+    return OopCopyResult::failed_check_null;
+  }
+
+  // Store barrier
+  store_barrier_heap_without_healing(dst);
+
+  // Store colored null
+  AtomicAccess::store(dst, color_null());
+
+  return OopCopyResult::ok;
+}
+
 template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename BarrierSetT>
 inline OopCopyResult ZBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::oop_copy_one_check_cast(zpointer* dst, zpointer* src, Klass* dst_klass) {
   const zaddress obj = oop_copy_one_barriers(dst, src);
 
+  if (HasDecorator<decorators, ARRAYCOPY_NOTNULL>::value && is_null(obj)) {
+    return OopCopyResult::failed_check_null;
+  }
+
   if (!oopDesc::is_instanceof_or_null(to_oop(obj), dst_klass)) {
     // Check cast failed
     return OopCopyResult::failed_check_class_cast;
@@ -423,6 +448,127 @@ inline void ZBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::clone_in_heap(o
   clone_obj(to_zaddress(src), to_zaddress(dst), ZUtils::words_to_bytes(size));
 }
 
+static inline void copy_primitive_payload(const void* src, const void* dst, const size_t payload_size_bytes, size_t& copied_bytes) {
+  if (payload_size_bytes == 0) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  void* src_payload = (void*)(address(src) + copied_bytes);
+  void* dst_payload = (void*)(address(dst) + copied_bytes);
+  Copy::copy_value_content(src_payload, dst_payload, payload_size_bytes);
+  copied_bytes += payload_size_bytes;
+}
+
+static inline void clear_primitive_payload(const void* dst, const size_t payload_size_bytes, size_t& copied_bytes) {
+  if (payload_size_bytes == 0) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  void* dst_payload = (void*)(address(dst) + copied_bytes);
+  Copy::fill_to_memory_atomic(dst_payload, payload_size_bytes);
+  copied_bytes += payload_size_bytes;
+}
+
+template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename BarrierSetT>
+inline void ZBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::value_copy_in_heap(const ValuePayload& src, const ValuePayload& dst) {
+  precond(src.klass() == dst.klass());
+
+  const LayoutKind lk = LayoutKindHelper::get_copy_layout(src.layout_kind(), dst.layout_kind());
+  const InlineKlass* md = src.klass();
+  if (md->contains_oops()) {
+    assert(!LayoutKindHelper::is_atomic_flat(lk) ||
+               (md->nonstatic_oop_map_count() == 1 &&
+                md->layout_size_in_bytes(lk) == sizeof(zpointer)),
+           "ZGC can only handle atomic flat values with a single oop");
+
+    // Iterate over each oop map, performing:
+    //   1) possibly raw copy for any primitive payload before each map
+    //   2) load and store barrier for each oop
+    //   3) possibly raw copy for any primitive payload trailer
+
+    // addr() points at the payload start, the oop map offset are relative to
+    // the object header, adjust address to account for this discrepancy.
+    const address src_addr = src.addr();
+    const address dst_addr = dst.addr();
+    const address oop_map_adjusted_src_addr = src_addr - md->payload_offset();
+    OopMapBlock* map = md->start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps();
+    const OopMapBlock* const end = map + md->nonstatic_oop_map_count();
+    size_t size_in_bytes = md->layout_size_in_bytes(lk);
+    size_t copied_bytes = 0;
+    while (map != end) {
+      zpointer* src_p = (zpointer*)(oop_map_adjusted_src_addr + map->offset());
+      const uintptr_t oop_offset = uintptr_t(src_p) - uintptr_t(src_addr);
+      zpointer* dst_p = (zpointer*)(uintptr_t(dst_addr) + oop_offset);
+
+      // Copy any leading primitive payload before every cluster of oops
+      assert(copied_bytes < oop_offset || copied_bytes == oop_offset, "Negative sized leading payload segment");
+      copy_primitive_payload(src_addr, dst_addr, oop_offset - copied_bytes, copied_bytes);
+
+      // Copy a cluster of oops
+      for (const zpointer* const src_end = src_p + map->count(); src_p < src_end; src_p++, dst_p++) {
+        oop_copy_one(dst_p, src_p);
+        copied_bytes += sizeof(zpointer);
+      }
+      map++;
+    }
+
+    // Copy trailing primitive payload after potential oops
+    assert(copied_bytes < size_in_bytes || copied_bytes == size_in_bytes, "Negative sized trailing payload segment");
+    copy_primitive_payload(src_addr, dst_addr, size_in_bytes - copied_bytes, copied_bytes);
+  } else {
+    Raw::value_copy_in_heap(src, dst);
+  }
+}
+
+template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename BarrierSetT>
+inline void ZBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::value_store_null_in_heap(const ValuePayload& dst) {
+  const LayoutKind lk = dst.layout_kind();
+  assert(!LayoutKindHelper::is_null_free_flat(lk), "Cannot store null in null free layout");
+  const InlineKlass* md = dst.klass();
+
+  if (md->contains_oops()) {
+    assert(!LayoutKindHelper::is_atomic_flat(lk) ||
+               (md->nonstatic_oop_map_count() == 1 &&
+                md->layout_size_in_bytes(lk) == sizeof(zpointer)),
+           "ZGC can only handle atomic flat values with a single oop");
+
+    // Iterate over each oop map, performing:
+    //   1) possibly raw clear for any primitive payload before each map
+    //   2) store barrier and clear for each oop
+    //   3) possibly raw clear for any primitive payload trailer
+
+    // addr() points at the payload start, the oop map offset are relative to
+    // the object header, adjust address to account for this discrepancy.
+    const address dst_addr = dst.addr();
+    const address oop_map_adjusted_dst_addr = dst_addr - md->payload_offset();
+    OopMapBlock* map = md->start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps();
+    const OopMapBlock* const end = map + md->nonstatic_oop_map_count();
+    size_t size_in_bytes = md->layout_size_in_bytes(lk);
+    size_t copied_bytes = 0;
+    while (map != end) {
+      zpointer* dst_p = (zpointer*)(oop_map_adjusted_dst_addr + map->offset());
+      const uintptr_t oop_offset = uintptr_t(dst_p) - uintptr_t(dst_addr);
+
+      // Clear any leading primitive payload before every cluster of oops
+      assert(copied_bytes < oop_offset || copied_bytes == oop_offset, "Negative sized leading payload segment");
+      clear_primitive_payload(dst_addr, oop_offset - copied_bytes, copied_bytes);
+
+      // Clear a cluster of oops
+      for (const zpointer* const dst_end = dst_p + map->count(); dst_p < dst_end; dst_p++) {
+        oop_clear_one(dst_p);
+        copied_bytes += sizeof(zpointer);
+      }
+      map++;
+    }
+
+    // Clear trailing primitive payload after potential oops
+    assert(copied_bytes < size_in_bytes || copied_bytes == size_in_bytes, "Negative sized trailing payload segment");
+    clear_primitive_payload(dst_addr, size_in_bytes - copied_bytes, copied_bytes);
+  } else {
+    Raw::value_store_null(dst);
+  }
+}
+
 //
 // Not in heap
 //
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zHeapIterator.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zHeapIterator.cpp
index 73ced211058..eec50af6499 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zHeapIterator.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zHeapIterator.cpp
@@ -462,7 +462,7 @@ void ZHeapIterator::follow_array_chunk(const ZHeapIteratorContext& context, cons
 template <bool VisitWeaks>
 void ZHeapIterator::follow(const ZHeapIteratorContext& context, oop obj) {
   // Follow
-  if (obj->is_objArray()) {
+  if (obj->is_refArray()) {
     follow_array(context, obj);
   } else {
     follow_object<VisitWeaks>(context, obj);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zIterator.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zIterator.inline.hpp
index 6e51929c7b4..cef3256beda 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zIterator.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zIterator.inline.hpp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "memory/iterator.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/refArrayOop.hpp"
 
 inline bool ZIterator::is_invisible_object(oop obj) {
   // This is a good place to make sure that we can't concurrently iterate over
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@ inline bool ZIterator::is_invisible_object_array(oop obj) {
 }
 
 inline bool ZIterator::is_invisible_object_array(oop obj, Klass* klass) {
-  return klass->is_objArray_klass() && is_invisible_object(obj);
+  return klass->is_refArray_klass() && is_invisible_object(obj);
 }
 
 // These iterators skips invisible object arrays
@@ -78,7 +79,8 @@ void ZIterator::oop_iterate(oop obj, OopClosureT* cl) {
 template <typename OopClosureT>
 void ZIterator::oop_iterate_elements_range(objArrayOop obj, OopClosureT* cl, int start, int end) {
   assert(!is_invisible_object_array(obj), "not safe");
-  obj->oop_iterate_elements_range(cl, start, end);
+  assert(obj->is_refArray(), "Must be");
+  refArrayOop(obj)->oop_iterate_elements_range(cl, start, end);
 }
 
 template <typename Function>
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zMark.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zMark.cpp
index ac7d86db240..5670358997b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zMark.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zMark.cpp
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ bool ZMark::follow_work_partial() {
 }
 
 bool ZMark::is_array(zaddress addr) const {
-  return to_oop(addr)->is_objArray();
+  return to_oop(addr)->is_refArray();
 }
 
 static uintptr_t encode_partial_array_offset(zpointer* addr) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zObjArrayAllocator.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zObjArrayAllocator.cpp
index e3e364d5cd2..3fd2462efa9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zObjArrayAllocator.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zObjArrayAllocator.cpp
@@ -26,8 +26,10 @@
 #include "gc/z/zThreadLocalData.hpp"
 #include "gc/z/zUtils.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/arrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp"
 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 
 ZObjArrayAllocator::ZObjArrayAllocator(Klass* klass, size_t word_size, int length, bool do_zero, Thread* thread)
   : ObjArrayAllocator(klass, word_size, length, do_zero, thread) {}
@@ -36,6 +38,11 @@ void ZObjArrayAllocator::yield_for_safepoint() const {
   ThreadBlockInVM tbivm(JavaThread::cast(_thread));
 }
 
+static bool is_oop_containing_flat_array(ArrayKlass* ak) {
+  return ak->is_flatArray_klass() &&
+         FlatArrayKlass::cast(ak)->contains_oops();
+}
+
 oop ZObjArrayAllocator::initialize(HeapWord* mem) const {
   // ZGC specializes the initialization by performing segmented clearing
   // to allow shorter time-to-safepoints.
@@ -51,10 +58,31 @@ oop ZObjArrayAllocator::initialize(HeapWord* mem) const {
   const size_t segment_max = ZUtils::bytes_to_words(64 * K);
 
   if (_word_size <= segment_max) {
-    // To small to use segmented clearing
+    // Too small to use segmented clearing
+    return ObjArrayAllocator::initialize(mem);
+  }
+
+  ArrayKlass* const ak = ArrayKlass::cast(_klass);
+
+  if (is_oop_containing_flat_array(ak)) {
+    // Flat arrays containing oops are not supported in ZGC without relying on
+    // internal-only features such as loose-consistency and null-restriction.
+    // A value object that contains an oop and a null-marker will always exceed
+    // 64 bits when using ZGC. As a result, such objects will not be flattened
+    // in practice due to the 64-bit atomicity limit.
+    //
+    // We only need to support flat arrays containing oops when/if value objects
+    // can be user-declared with loose-consistency and/or null-restriction.
     return ObjArrayAllocator::initialize(mem);
   }
 
+  const BasicType element_type = ak->element_type();
+
+  // Flat arrays containing oops are not supported and only contain primitives
+  // from here on out.
+  const bool is_oop_array = element_type != T_FLAT_ELEMENT &&
+                            is_reference_type(element_type);
+
   // Segmented clearing
 
   // The array is going to be exposed before it has been completely
@@ -66,7 +94,11 @@ oop ZObjArrayAllocator::initialize(HeapWord* mem) const {
   if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
     oopDesc::release_set_mark(mem, _klass->prototype_header().set_marked());
   } else {
-    arrayOopDesc::set_mark(mem, markWord::prototype().set_marked());
+    if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+      arrayOopDesc::set_mark(mem, _klass->prototype_header().set_marked());
+    } else {
+      arrayOopDesc::set_mark(mem, markWord::prototype().set_marked());
+    }
     arrayOopDesc::release_set_klass(mem, _klass);
   }
   assert(_length >= 0, "length should be non-negative");
@@ -79,7 +111,6 @@ oop ZObjArrayAllocator::initialize(HeapWord* mem) const {
   // over such objects.
   ZThreadLocalData::set_invisible_root(_thread, (zaddress_unsafe*)&mem);
 
-  const BasicType element_type = ArrayKlass::cast(_klass)->element_type();
   const size_t base_offset_in_bytes = (size_t)arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(element_type);
   const size_t process_start_offset_in_bytes = align_up(base_offset_in_bytes, (size_t)BytesPerWord);
 
@@ -87,7 +118,7 @@ oop ZObjArrayAllocator::initialize(HeapWord* mem) const {
     // initialize_memory can only fill word aligned memory,
     // fill the first 4 bytes here.
     assert(process_start_offset_in_bytes - base_offset_in_bytes == 4, "Must be 4-byte aligned");
-    assert(!is_reference_type(element_type), "Only TypeArrays can be 4-byte aligned");
+    assert(!is_oop_array, "Only TypeArrays can be 4-byte aligned");
     *reinterpret_cast<int*>(reinterpret_cast<char*>(mem) + base_offset_in_bytes) = 0;
   }
 
@@ -126,14 +157,14 @@ oop ZObjArrayAllocator::initialize(HeapWord* mem) const {
       // barriers trigger slow paths for this.
       const uintptr_t colored_null = seen_gc_safepoint ? (ZPointerStoreGoodMask | ZPointerRememberedMask)
                                                        : ZPointerStoreGoodMask;
-      const uintptr_t fill_value = is_reference_type(element_type) ? colored_null : 0;
+      const uintptr_t fill_value = is_oop_array ? colored_null : 0;
       ZUtils::fill(start, segment, fill_value);
 
       // Safepoint
       yield_for_safepoint();
 
       // Deal with safepoints
-      if (is_reference_type(element_type) && !seen_gc_safepoint && gc_safepoint_happened()) {
+      if (is_oop_array && !seen_gc_safepoint && gc_safepoint_happened()) {
         // The first time we observe a GC safepoint in the yield point,
         // we have to restart processing with 11 remembered bits.
         seen_gc_safepoint = true;
@@ -156,7 +187,7 @@ oop ZObjArrayAllocator::initialize(HeapWord* mem) const {
   ZThreadLocalData::clear_invisible_root(_thread);
 
   // Signal to the ZIterator that this is no longer an invisible root
-  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders || Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
     oopDesc::release_set_mark(mem, _klass->prototype_header());
   } else {
     oopDesc::release_set_mark(mem, markWord::prototype());
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/include/jvm.h b/src/hotspot/share/include/jvm.h
index f99e8f162c6..033f7eae57b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/include/jvm.h
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/include/jvm.h
@@ -1085,6 +1085,30 @@ JVM_InitAgentProperties(JNIEnv *env, jobject agent_props);
 JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL
 JVM_GetTemporaryDirectory(JNIEnv *env);
 
+JNIEXPORT jarray JNICALL
+JVM_CopyOfSpecialArray(JNIEnv *env, jarray orig, jint from, jint to);
+
+JNIEXPORT jarray JNICALL
+JVM_NewNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(JNIEnv *env, jclass elmClass, jint len, jobject initVal);
+
+JNIEXPORT jarray JNICALL
+JVM_NewNullRestrictedAtomicArray(JNIEnv *env, jclass elmClass, jint len, jobject initVal);
+
+JNIEXPORT jarray JNICALL
+JVM_NewNullableAtomicArray(JNIEnv *env, jclass elmClass, jint len);
+
+JNIEXPORT jarray JNICALL
+JVM_NewReferenceArray(JNIEnv *env, jclass elmClass, jint len);
+
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
+JVM_IsFlatArray(JNIEnv *env, jarray array);
+
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
+JVM_IsNullRestrictedArray(JNIEnv *env, jarray array);
+
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
+JVM_IsAtomicArray(JNIEnv *env, jarray array);
+
 /* Generics reflection support.
  *
  * Returns information about the given class's EnclosingMethod
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/include/jvm_constants.h b/src/hotspot/share/include/jvm_constants.h
index e3a8c9d37bb..814885da31b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/include/jvm_constants.h
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/include/jvm_constants.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 
 #define JVM_RECOGNIZED_CLASS_MODIFIERS (JVM_ACC_PUBLIC | \
                                         JVM_ACC_FINAL | \
-                                        JVM_ACC_SUPER | \
+                                        JVM_ACC_IDENTITY | \
                                         JVM_ACC_INTERFACE | \
                                         JVM_ACC_ABSTRACT | \
                                         JVM_ACC_ANNOTATION | \
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
                                         JVM_ACC_VOLATILE | \
                                         JVM_ACC_TRANSIENT | \
                                         JVM_ACC_ENUM | \
+                                        JVM_ACC_STRICT_INIT | \
                                         JVM_ACC_SYNTHETIC)
 
 #define JVM_RECOGNIZED_METHOD_MODIFIERS (JVM_ACC_PUBLIC | \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/abstractInterpreter.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/abstractInterpreter.cpp
index 5aea7122fab..c18f46e1f21 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/abstractInterpreter.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/abstractInterpreter.cpp
@@ -153,7 +153,13 @@ AbstractInterpreter::MethodKind AbstractInterpreter::method_kind(const methodHan
         if (m->code_size() == 1) {
           // We need to execute the special return bytecode to check for
           // finalizer registration so create a normal frame.
+          // No need to use the method kind with a memory barrier on entry
+          // because the method is empty and already has a memory barrier on return.
           return zerolocals;
+        } else if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+          // For non-empty Object constructors, we need a memory barrier
+          // when entering the method to ensure correctness of strict fields
+          return object_init;
         }
         break;
       default: break;
@@ -303,6 +309,7 @@ void AbstractInterpreter::print_method_kind(MethodKind kind) {
     case getter                 : tty->print("getter"                 ); break;
     case setter                 : tty->print("setter"                 ); break;
     case abstract               : tty->print("abstract"               ); break;
+    case object_init            : tty->print("object_init"            ); break;
     case java_lang_math_sin     : tty->print("java_lang_math_sin"     ); break;
     case java_lang_math_cos     : tty->print("java_lang_math_cos"     ); break;
     case java_lang_math_tan     : tty->print("java_lang_math_tan"     ); break;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/abstractInterpreter.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/abstractInterpreter.hpp
index 6c555f0c008..2ce2d711b3f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/abstractInterpreter.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/abstractInterpreter.hpp
@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ class AbstractInterpreter: AllStatic {
     getter,                                                     // getter method
     setter,                                                     // setter method
     abstract,                                                   // abstract method (throws an AbstractMethodException)
+    object_init,                                                // special barrier on entry
     method_handle_invoke_FIRST,                                 // java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles::invokeExact, etc.
     method_handle_invoke_LAST                                   = (method_handle_invoke_FIRST
                                                                    + (static_cast<int>(vmIntrinsics::LAST_MH_SIG_POLY)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bootstrapInfo.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bootstrapInfo.cpp
index c8553615d0c..c56af63c651 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bootstrapInfo.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bootstrapInfo.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 #include "oops/constantPool.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/cpCache.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/resolvedIndyEntry.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
@@ -187,8 +188,8 @@ void BootstrapInfo::resolve_args(TRAPS) {
 
   if (!use_BSCI) {
     // return {arg...}; resolution of arguments is done immediately, before JDK code is called
-    objArrayOop args_oop = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::Object_klass(), _argc, CHECK);
-    objArrayHandle args(THREAD, args_oop);
+    refArrayOop args_oop = oopFactory::new_refArray(vmClasses::Object_klass(), _argc, CHECK);
+    refArrayHandle args(THREAD, args_oop);
     _pool->copy_bootstrap_arguments_at(_bss_index, 0, _argc, args, 0, true, Handle(), CHECK);
     oop arg_oop = ((_argc == 1) ? args->obj_at(0) : (oop)nullptr);
     // try to discard the singleton array
@@ -270,14 +271,15 @@ void BootstrapInfo::print_msg_on(outputStream* st, const char* msg) {
   // the use_BSCI setting.
   if (_arg_values.not_null()) {
     // Find the static arguments within the first element of _arg_values.
-    objArrayOop static_args = (objArrayOop)_arg_values();
+    oop static_args = _arg_values();
     if (!static_args->is_array()) {
       assert(_argc == 1, "Invalid BSM _arg_values for non-array");
       st->print("  resolved arg[0]: "); static_args->print_on(st);
-    } else if (static_args->is_objArray()) {
+    } else if (static_args->is_refArray()) {
+      refArrayOop static_args_array = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(static_args);
       int lines = 0;
       for (int i = 0; i < _argc; i++) {
-        oop x = static_args->obj_at(i);
+        oop x = static_args_array->obj_at(i);
         if (x != nullptr) {
           if (++lines > 6) {
             st->print_cr("  resolved arg[%d]: ...", i);
@@ -291,6 +293,8 @@ void BootstrapInfo::print_msg_on(outputStream* st, const char* msg) {
       assert(tmp_array->length() == 2, "Invalid BSM _arg_values type array");
       st->print_cr("  resolved arg[0]: %d", tmp_array->int_at(0));
       st->print_cr("  resolved arg[1]: %d", tmp_array->int_at(1));
+    } else if (static_args->is_flatArray()) {
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bytecodeUtils.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bytecodeUtils.cpp
index a5503cc4b88..4cc8b21f266 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bytecodeUtils.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bytecodeUtils.cpp
@@ -1110,6 +1110,7 @@ int ExceptionMessageBuilder::get_NPE_null_slot(int bci) {
     case Bytecodes::_athrow:
     case Bytecodes::_monitorenter:
     case Bytecodes::_monitorexit:
+    case Bytecodes::_checkcast:
       return 0;
     case Bytecodes::_iaload:
     case Bytecodes::_faload:
@@ -1170,7 +1171,13 @@ int ExceptionMessageBuilder::get_NPE_null_slot(int bci) {
 
 bool ExceptionMessageBuilder::print_NPE_cause(outputStream* os, int bci, int slot) {
   if (print_NPE_cause0(os, bci, slot, _max_cause_detail, false, " because \"")) {
-    os->print("\" is null");
+    address code_base = _method->constMethod()->code_base();
+    Bytecodes::Code code = Bytecodes::java_code_at(_method, code_base + bci);
+    if (code == Bytecodes::_aastore) {
+      os->print("\" is null or is a null-free array and there's an attempt to store null in it");
+    } else {
+      os->print("\" is null");
+    }
     return true;
   }
   return false;
@@ -1432,6 +1439,11 @@ void ExceptionMessageBuilder::print_NPE_failed_action(outputStream *os, int bci)
         print_method_name(os, _method, cp_index, code);
         os->print("\"");
       } break;
+    case Bytecodes::_checkcast: {
+        int cp_index = Bytes::get_Java_u2(code_base + pos);
+        ConstantPool* cp = _method->constants();
+        os->print("Cannot cast to null-free type \"%s\"", cp->klass_at_noresolve(cp_index)->as_C_string());
+      } break;
 
     default:
       assert(0, "We should have checked this bytecode in get_NPE_null_slot().");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bytecodes.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bytecodes.cpp
index a7914b6b93a..3ba9c5d9bdd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bytecodes.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bytecodes.cpp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 
 #define JVM_BYTECODES_DO(def)                                                                                                     \
   def(_fast_agetfield            , "fast_agetfield"            , "bJJ"  , nullptr    , T_OBJECT ,  0, true , _getfield          ) \
+  def(_fast_vgetfield            , "fast_vgetfield"            , "bJJ"  , nullptr    , T_OBJECT ,  0, true , _getfield          ) \
   def(_fast_bgetfield            , "fast_bgetfield"            , "bJJ"  , nullptr    , T_INT    ,  0, true , _getfield          ) \
   def(_fast_cgetfield            , "fast_cgetfield"            , "bJJ"  , nullptr    , T_CHAR   ,  0, true , _getfield          ) \
   def(_fast_dgetfield            , "fast_dgetfield"            , "bJJ"  , nullptr    , T_DOUBLE ,  0, true , _getfield          ) \
@@ -39,6 +40,7 @@
   def(_fast_sgetfield            , "fast_sgetfield"            , "bJJ"  , nullptr    , T_SHORT  ,  0, true , _getfield          ) \
                                                                                                                                   \
   def(_fast_aputfield            , "fast_aputfield"            , "bJJ"  , nullptr    , T_OBJECT ,  0, true , _putfield          ) \
+  def(_fast_vputfield            , "fast_vputfield"            , "bJJ"  , nullptr    , T_OBJECT ,  0, true , _putfield          ) \
   def(_fast_bputfield            , "fast_bputfield"            , "bJJ"  , nullptr    , T_INT    ,  0, true , _putfield          ) \
   def(_fast_zputfield            , "fast_zputfield"            , "bJJ"  , nullptr    , T_INT    ,  0, true , _putfield          ) \
   def(_fast_cputfield            , "fast_cputfield"            , "bJJ"  , nullptr    , T_CHAR   ,  0, true , _putfield          ) \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bytecodes.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bytecodes.hpp
index 6f77e95f5bd..562c2c29da3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bytecodes.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bytecodes.hpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #define SHARE_INTERPRETER_BYTECODES_HPP
 
 #include "memory/allStatic.hpp"
+#include "runtime/globals.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 
 // Bytecodes specifies all bytecodes used in the VM and
@@ -248,6 +249,7 @@ class Bytecodes: AllStatic {
 
     // JVM bytecodes
     _fast_agetfield       = number_of_java_codes,
+    _fast_vgetfield       ,
     _fast_bgetfield       ,
     _fast_cgetfield       ,
     _fast_dgetfield       ,
@@ -257,6 +259,7 @@ class Bytecodes: AllStatic {
     _fast_sgetfield       ,
 
     _fast_aputfield       ,
+    _fast_vputfield       ,
     _fast_bputfield       ,
     _fast_zputfield       ,
     _fast_cputfield       ,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/interpreterRuntime.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/interpreterRuntime.cpp
index a8f3d501083..a27891d14be 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/interpreterRuntime.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/interpreterRuntime.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
+#include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
@@ -45,6 +46,9 @@
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "oops/constantPool.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/cpCache.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.inline.hpp"
@@ -52,7 +56,9 @@
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp"
 #include "oops/symbol.hpp"
+#include "oops/valuePayload.inline.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
 #include "prims/methodHandles.hpp"
 #include "prims/nativeLookup.hpp"
@@ -76,6 +82,7 @@
 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
 #include "utilities/events.hpp"
 #include "utilities/exceptions.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 #if INCLUDE_JFR
 #include "jfr/jfr.inline.hpp"
 #endif
@@ -226,6 +233,28 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, InterpreterRuntime::_new(JavaThread* current, ConstantPool* pool
   current->set_vm_result_oop(obj);
 JRT_END
 
+JRT_BLOCK_ENTRY(void, InterpreterRuntime::read_flat_field(JavaThread* current, oopDesc* obj, ResolvedFieldEntry* entry))
+  assert(oopDesc::is_oop(obj), "Sanity check");
+
+  FlatFieldPayload payload(instanceOop(obj), entry);
+  if (payload.is_payload_null()) {
+    // If the payload is null return before entering the JRT_BLOCK.
+    current->set_vm_result_oop(nullptr);
+    return;
+  }
+  JRT_BLOCK
+    oop res = payload.read(CHECK);
+    current->set_vm_result_oop(res);
+  JRT_BLOCK_END
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_ENTRY(void, InterpreterRuntime::write_flat_field(JavaThread* current, oopDesc* obj, oopDesc* value, ResolvedFieldEntry* entry))
+  assert(oopDesc::is_oop(obj), "Sanity check");
+  assert(oopDesc::is_oop_or_null(value), "Sanity check");
+
+  FlatFieldPayload payload(instanceOop(obj), entry);
+  payload.write(inlineOop(value), CHECK);
+JRT_END
 
 JRT_ENTRY(void, InterpreterRuntime::newarray(JavaThread* current, BasicType type, jint size))
   oop obj = oopFactory::new_typeArray(type, size, CHECK);
@@ -239,6 +268,18 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, InterpreterRuntime::anewarray(JavaThread* current, ConstantPool*
   current->set_vm_result_oop(obj);
 JRT_END
 
+JRT_ENTRY(void, InterpreterRuntime::flat_array_load(JavaThread* current, arrayOopDesc* array, int index))
+  assert(array->is_flatArray(), "Must be");
+  flatArrayOop farray = (flatArrayOop)array;
+  oop res = farray->obj_at(index, CHECK);
+  current->set_vm_result_oop(res);
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_ENTRY(void, InterpreterRuntime::flat_array_store(JavaThread* current, oopDesc* val, arrayOopDesc* array, int index))
+  assert(array->is_flatArray(), "Must be");
+  flatArrayOop farray = (flatArrayOop)array;
+  farray->obj_at_put(index, val, CHECK);
+JRT_END
 
 JRT_ENTRY(void, InterpreterRuntime::multianewarray(JavaThread* current, jint* first_size_address))
   // We may want to pass in more arguments - could make this slightly faster
@@ -274,6 +315,22 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, InterpreterRuntime::register_finalizer(JavaThread* current, oopD
   InstanceKlass::register_finalizer(instanceOop(obj), CHECK);
 JRT_END
 
+JRT_ENTRY(jboolean, InterpreterRuntime::is_substitutable(JavaThread* current, oopDesc* aobj, oopDesc* bobj))
+  assert(oopDesc::is_oop(aobj) && oopDesc::is_oop(bobj), "must be valid oops");
+
+  Handle ha(THREAD, aobj);
+  Handle hb(THREAD, bobj);
+  JavaValue result(T_BOOLEAN);
+  JavaCallArguments args;
+  args.push_oop(ha);
+  args.push_oop(hb);
+  methodHandle method(current, Universe::is_substitutable_method());
+  method->method_holder()->initialize(CHECK_false); // Ensure class ValueObjectMethods is initialized
+  JavaCalls::call(&result, method, &args, THREAD);
+  Exceptions::wrap_exception_in_internal_error("Internal error in substitutability test", CHECK_false);
+
+  return result.get_jboolean();
+JRT_END
 
 // Quicken instance-of and check-cast bytecodes
 JRT_ENTRY(void, InterpreterRuntime::quicken_io_cc(JavaThread* current))
@@ -605,7 +662,6 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, InterpreterRuntime::throw_AbstractMethodErrorVerbose(JavaThread*
   LinkResolver::throw_abstract_method_error(mh, recvKlass, THREAD);
 JRT_END
 
-
 JRT_ENTRY(void, InterpreterRuntime::throw_IncompatibleClassChangeError(JavaThread* current))
   THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError());
 JRT_END
@@ -684,11 +740,25 @@ void InterpreterRuntime::resolve_get_put(Bytecodes::Code bytecode, int field_ind
   bool uninitialized_static = is_static && !klass->is_initialized();
   bool has_initialized_final_update = info.field_holder()->major_version() >= 53 &&
                                       info.has_initialized_final_update();
+  bool strict_static_final = info.is_strict() && info.is_static() && info.is_final();
   assert(!(has_initialized_final_update && !info.access_flags().is_final()), "Fields with initialized final updates must be final");
 
   Bytecodes::Code get_code = (Bytecodes::Code)0;
   Bytecodes::Code put_code = (Bytecodes::Code)0;
-  if (!uninitialized_static || VM_Version::supports_fast_class_init_checks()) {
+  if (uninitialized_static && (info.is_strict_static_unset() || strict_static_final)) {
+    // During <clinit>, closely track the state of strict statics.
+    // 1. if we are reading an uninitialized strict static, throw
+    // 2. if we are writing one, clear the "unset" flag
+    //
+    // Note: If we were handling an attempted write of a null to a
+    // null-restricted strict static, we would NOT clear the "unset"
+    // flag.
+    assert(klass->is_being_initialized(), "else should have thrown");
+    assert(klass->is_reentrant_initialization(THREAD),
+      "<clinit> must be running in current thread");
+    klass->notify_strict_static_access(info.index(), is_put, CHECK);
+    assert(!info.is_strict_static_unset(), "after initialization, no unset flags");
+  } else if (!uninitialized_static || VM_Version::supports_fast_class_init_checks()) {
     get_code = ((is_static) ? Bytecodes::_getstatic : Bytecodes::_getfield);
     if ((is_put && !has_initialized_final_update) || !info.access_flags().is_final()) {
       put_code = ((is_static) ? Bytecodes::_putstatic : Bytecodes::_putfield);
@@ -759,6 +829,21 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, InterpreterRuntime::new_illegal_monitor_state_exception(JavaThre
   current->set_vm_result_oop(exception());
 JRT_END
 
+JRT_ENTRY(void, InterpreterRuntime::throw_identity_exception(JavaThread* current, oopDesc* obj))
+  Klass* klass = cast_to_oop(obj)->klass();
+  ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+  const char* desc = "Cannot synchronize on an instance of value class ";
+  const char* className = klass->external_name();
+  size_t msglen = strlen(desc) + strlen(className) + 1;
+  char* message = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, msglen);
+  if (nullptr == message) {
+    // Out of memory: can't create detailed error message
+    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IdentityException(), className);
+  } else {
+    jio_snprintf(message, msglen, "%s%s", desc, className);
+    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IdentityException(), message);
+  }
+JRT_END
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Invokes
@@ -1182,6 +1267,7 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, InterpreterRuntime::post_field_access(JavaThread* current, oopDe
   if (!ik->field_status(index).is_access_watched()) return;
 
   bool is_static = (obj == nullptr);
+  bool is_flat = entry->is_flat();
   HandleMark hm(current);
 
   Handle h_obj;
@@ -1190,7 +1276,7 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, InterpreterRuntime::post_field_access(JavaThread* current, oopDe
     h_obj = Handle(current, obj);
   }
   InstanceKlass* field_holder = entry->field_holder(); // HERE
-  jfieldID fid = jfieldIDWorkaround::to_jfieldID(field_holder, entry->field_offset(), is_static);
+  jfieldID fid = jfieldIDWorkaround::to_jfieldID(field_holder, entry->field_offset(), is_static, is_flat);
   LastFrameAccessor last_frame(current);
   JvmtiExport::post_field_access(current, last_frame.method(), last_frame.bcp(), field_holder, h_obj, fid);
 JRT_END
@@ -1218,10 +1304,12 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, InterpreterRuntime::post_field_modification(JavaThread* current,
     case dtos: sig_type = JVM_SIGNATURE_DOUBLE;  break;
     default:  ShouldNotReachHere(); return;
   }
+
   bool is_static = (obj == nullptr);
+  bool is_flat = entry->is_flat();
 
   HandleMark hm(current);
-  jfieldID fid = jfieldIDWorkaround::to_jfieldID(ik, entry->field_offset(), is_static);
+  jfieldID fid = jfieldIDWorkaround::to_jfieldID(ik, entry->field_offset(), is_static, is_flat);
   jvalue fvalue;
 #ifdef _LP64
   fvalue = *value;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/interpreterRuntime.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/interpreterRuntime.hpp
index 3228027fa93..57731a96644 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/interpreterRuntime.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/interpreterRuntime.hpp
@@ -61,6 +61,13 @@ class InterpreterRuntime: AllStatic {
   static void    anewarray     (JavaThread* current, ConstantPool* pool, int index, jint size);
   static void    multianewarray(JavaThread* current, jint* first_size_address);
   static void    register_finalizer(JavaThread* current, oopDesc* obj);
+  static void    read_flat_field(JavaThread* current, oopDesc* object, ResolvedFieldEntry* entry);
+  static void    write_flat_field(JavaThread* current, oopDesc* object, oopDesc* value, ResolvedFieldEntry* entry);
+
+  static void flat_array_load(JavaThread* current, arrayOopDesc* array, int index);
+  static void flat_array_store(JavaThread* current, oopDesc* val, arrayOopDesc* array, int index);
+
+  static jboolean is_substitutable(JavaThread* current, oopDesc* aobj, oopDesc* bobj);
 
   // Quicken instance-of and check-cast bytecodes
   static void    quicken_io_cc(JavaThread* current);
@@ -121,6 +128,7 @@ class InterpreterRuntime: AllStatic {
 
   static void    throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception(JavaThread* current);
   static void    new_illegal_monitor_state_exception(JavaThread* current);
+  static void    throw_identity_exception(JavaThread* current, oopDesc* obj);
 
   // Breakpoints
   static void _breakpoint(JavaThread* current, Method* method, address bcp);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/linkResolver.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/linkResolver.cpp
index 25fff580c9d..84c749332a2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/linkResolver.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/linkResolver.cpp
@@ -1054,10 +1054,10 @@ void LinkResolver::resolve_field(fieldDescriptor& fd,
         assert(m != nullptr, "information about the current method must be available for 'put' bytecodes");
         bool is_initialized_static_final_update = (byte == Bytecodes::_putstatic &&
                                                    fd.is_static() &&
-                                                   !m->is_static_initializer());
+                                                   !m->is_class_initializer());
         bool is_initialized_instance_final_update = ((byte == Bytecodes::_putfield || byte == Bytecodes::_nofast_putfield) &&
                                                      !fd.is_static() &&
-                                                     !m->is_object_initializer());
+                                                     !m->is_object_constructor());
 
         if (is_initialized_static_final_update || is_initialized_instance_final_update) {
           ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
@@ -1194,6 +1194,8 @@ Method* LinkResolver::linktime_resolve_special_method(const LinkInfo& link_info,
   }
 
   // check if method name is <init>, that it is found in same klass as static type
+  // Since this method is never inherited from a super, any appearance here under
+  // the wrong class would be an error.
   if (resolved_method->name() == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name() &&
       resolved_method->method_holder() != resolved_klass) {
     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
@@ -1725,19 +1727,20 @@ void LinkResolver::resolve_invoke(CallInfo& result, Handle recv, const constantP
 
 void LinkResolver::resolve_invoke(CallInfo& result, Handle& recv,
                                   const methodHandle& attached_method,
-                                  Bytecodes::Code byte, TRAPS) {
+                                  Bytecodes::Code byte, bool check_null_and_abstract, TRAPS) {
   Klass* defc = attached_method->method_holder();
   Symbol* name = attached_method->name();
   Symbol* type = attached_method->signature();
   LinkInfo link_info(defc, name, type);
+  Klass* recv_klass = recv.is_null() ? defc : recv->klass();
   switch(byte) {
     case Bytecodes::_invokevirtual:
-      resolve_virtual_call(result, recv, recv->klass(), link_info,
-                           /*check_null_and_abstract=*/true, CHECK);
+      resolve_virtual_call(result, recv, recv_klass, link_info,
+                           check_null_and_abstract, CHECK);
       break;
     case Bytecodes::_invokeinterface:
-      resolve_interface_call(result, recv, recv->klass(), link_info,
-                             /*check_null_and_abstract=*/true, CHECK);
+      resolve_interface_call(result, recv, recv_klass, link_info,
+                             check_null_and_abstract, CHECK);
       break;
     case Bytecodes::_invokestatic:
       resolve_static_call(result, link_info, ClassInitMode::dont_init, CHECK);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/linkResolver.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/linkResolver.hpp
index 56d26cb8567..edfc2c12660 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/linkResolver.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/linkResolver.hpp
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ class LinkResolver: AllStatic {
   // runtime resolving from attached method
   static void resolve_invoke(CallInfo& result, Handle& recv,
                              const methodHandle& attached_method,
-                             Bytecodes::Code byte, TRAPS);
+                             Bytecodes::Code byte, bool check_null_and_abstract, TRAPS);
 
   // Only resolved method known.
   static void throw_abstract_method_error(const methodHandle& resolved_method, TRAPS) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/rewriter.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/rewriter.cpp
index a9ee92cb570..f6422e123c4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/rewriter.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/rewriter.cpp
@@ -454,11 +454,11 @@ void Rewriter::scan_method(Thread* thread, Method* method, bool reverse, bool* i
             if (klass->find_field(field_name, field_sig, &fd) != nullptr) {
               if (fd.access_flags().is_final()) {
                 if (fd.access_flags().is_static()) {
-                  if (!method->is_static_initializer()) {
+                  if (!method->is_class_initializer()) {
                     fd.set_has_initialized_final_update(true);
                   }
                 } else {
-                  if (!method->is_object_initializer()) {
+                  if (!method->is_object_constructor()) {
                     fd.set_has_initialized_final_update(true);
                   }
                 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/templateInterpreterGenerator.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/templateInterpreterGenerator.cpp
index 96f53c517a3..9e8d6fa782f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/templateInterpreterGenerator.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/templateInterpreterGenerator.cpp
@@ -190,6 +190,7 @@ void TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_all() {
   method_entry(getter)
   method_entry(setter)
   method_entry(abstract)
+  method_entry(object_init)
   method_entry(java_lang_math_sin  )
   method_entry(java_lang_math_cos  )
   method_entry(java_lang_math_tan  )
@@ -417,6 +418,7 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_method_entry(
   case Interpreter::empty                  : break;
   case Interpreter::getter                 : break;
   case Interpreter::setter                 : break;
+  case Interpreter::object_init            : break;
   case Interpreter::abstract               : entry_point = generate_abstract_entry(); break;
   default:
     entry_point = generate_intrinsic_entry(kind); // process the rest
@@ -429,14 +431,17 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_method_entry(
 
   // We expect the normal and native entry points to be generated first so we can reuse them.
   if (native) {
+    assert(kind != Interpreter::object_init, "Not supported");
     entry_point = Interpreter::entry_for_kind(synchronized ? Interpreter::native_synchronized : Interpreter::native);
     if (entry_point == nullptr) {
       entry_point = generate_native_entry(synchronized);
     }
   } else {
-    entry_point = Interpreter::entry_for_kind(synchronized ? Interpreter::zerolocals_synchronized : Interpreter::zerolocals);
+    entry_point = kind == Interpreter::object_init ?
+                  Interpreter::entry_for_kind(Interpreter::object_init) :
+                  Interpreter::entry_for_kind(synchronized ? Interpreter::zerolocals_synchronized : Interpreter::zerolocals);
     if (entry_point == nullptr) {
-      entry_point = generate_normal_entry(synchronized);
+      entry_point = generate_normal_entry(synchronized, kind == Interpreter::object_init);
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/templateInterpreterGenerator.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/templateInterpreterGenerator.hpp
index 44fd99f79bf..74da0824fb8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/templateInterpreterGenerator.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/templateInterpreterGenerator.hpp
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ class TemplateInterpreterGenerator: public AbstractInterpreterGenerator {
   // generate intrinsic method entries
   address generate_intrinsic_entry(AbstractInterpreter::MethodKind kind);
 
-  address generate_normal_entry(bool synchronized);
+  address generate_normal_entry(bool synchronized, bool object_init);
   address generate_native_entry(bool synchronized);
   address generate_abstract_entry(void);
   address generate_math_entry(AbstractInterpreter::MethodKind kind);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/templateTable.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/templateTable.cpp
index 55dd0bb8e0f..48845511f18 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/templateTable.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/templateTable.cpp
@@ -229,6 +229,7 @@ void TemplateTable::initialize() {
   const int  disp = 1 << Template::does_dispatch_bit;
   const int  clvm = 1 << Template::calls_vm_bit;
   const int  iswd = 1 << Template::wide_bit;
+
   //                                    interpr. templates
   // Java spec bytecodes                ubcp|disp|clvm|iswd  in    out   generator             argument
   def(Bytecodes::_nop                 , ____|____|____|____, vtos, vtos, nop                 ,  _           );
@@ -281,7 +282,7 @@ void TemplateTable::initialize() {
   def(Bytecodes::_laload              , ____|____|____|____, itos, ltos, laload              ,  _           );
   def(Bytecodes::_faload              , ____|____|____|____, itos, ftos, faload              ,  _           );
   def(Bytecodes::_daload              , ____|____|____|____, itos, dtos, daload              ,  _           );
-  def(Bytecodes::_aaload              , ____|____|____|____, itos, atos, aaload              ,  _           );
+  def(Bytecodes::_aaload              , ____|____|clvm|____, itos, atos, aaload              ,  _           );
   def(Bytecodes::_baload              , ____|____|____|____, itos, itos, baload              ,  _           );
   def(Bytecodes::_caload              , ____|____|____|____, itos, itos, caload              ,  _           );
   def(Bytecodes::_saload              , ____|____|____|____, itos, itos, saload              ,  _           );
@@ -451,6 +452,7 @@ void TemplateTable::initialize() {
 
   // JVM bytecodes
   def(Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield      , ubcp|____|____|____, atos, atos, fast_accessfield    ,  atos        );
+  def(Bytecodes::_fast_vgetfield      , ubcp|____|clvm|____, atos, atos, fast_accessfield    ,  atos        );
   def(Bytecodes::_fast_bgetfield      , ubcp|____|____|____, atos, itos, fast_accessfield    ,  itos        );
   def(Bytecodes::_fast_cgetfield      , ubcp|____|____|____, atos, itos, fast_accessfield    ,  itos        );
   def(Bytecodes::_fast_dgetfield      , ubcp|____|____|____, atos, dtos, fast_accessfield    ,  dtos        );
@@ -460,6 +462,7 @@ void TemplateTable::initialize() {
   def(Bytecodes::_fast_sgetfield      , ubcp|____|____|____, atos, itos, fast_accessfield    ,  itos        );
 
   def(Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield      , ubcp|____|____|____, atos, vtos, fast_storefield ,   atos        );
+  def(Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield      , ubcp|____|clvm|____, atos, vtos, fast_storefield ,   atos        );
   def(Bytecodes::_fast_bputfield      , ubcp|____|____|____, itos, vtos, fast_storefield ,   itos        );
   def(Bytecodes::_fast_zputfield      , ubcp|____|____|____, itos, vtos, fast_storefield ,   itos        );
   def(Bytecodes::_fast_cputfield      , ubcp|____|____|____, itos, vtos, fast_storefield  ,  itos        );
@@ -496,6 +499,7 @@ void TemplateTable::initialize() {
   def(Bytecodes::_nofast_aload_0      , ____|____|clvm|____, vtos, atos, nofast_aload_0      ,  _           );
   def(Bytecodes::_nofast_iload        , ubcp|____|clvm|____, vtos, itos, nofast_iload        ,  _           );
 
+
   def(Bytecodes::_shouldnotreachhere   , ____|____|____|____, vtos, vtos, shouldnotreachhere ,  _           );
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/zero/bytecodeInterpreter.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/zero/bytecodeInterpreter.cpp
index a25cd936cea..fa53c3e5115 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/zero/bytecodeInterpreter.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/zero/bytecodeInterpreter.cpp
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 #include "logging/log.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
+#include "oops/arrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/constantPool.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/cpCache.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp"
@@ -343,11 +344,12 @@ JRT_END
  * On some architectures/platforms it should be possible to do this implicitly
  */
 #undef CHECK_NULL
-#define CHECK_NULL(obj_)                                                                         \
-        if ((obj_) == nullptr) {                                                                    \
-          VM_JAVA_ERROR(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), nullptr);                      \
-        }                                                                                        \
+#define CHECK_NULL_MSG(obj_, msg)                                              \
+        if ((obj_) == nullptr) {                                               \
+          VM_JAVA_ERROR(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), (msg));   \
+        }                                                                      \
         VERIFY_OOP(obj_)
+#define CHECK_NULL(obj_) CHECK_NULL_MSG(obj_, nullptr)
 
 #define VMdoubleConstZero() 0.0
 #define VMdoubleConstOne() 1.0
@@ -581,18 +583,17 @@ void BytecodeInterpreter::run(interpreterState istate) {
 /* 0xC0 */ &&opc_checkcast,     &&opc_instanceof,       &&opc_monitorenter,   &&opc_monitorexit,
 /* 0xC4 */ &&opc_wide,          &&opc_multianewarray,   &&opc_ifnull,         &&opc_ifnonnull,
 /* 0xC8 */ &&opc_goto_w,        &&opc_jsr_w,            &&opc_breakpoint,     &&opc_fast_agetfield,
-/* 0xCC */ &&opc_fast_bgetfield,&&opc_fast_cgetfield,   &&opc_fast_dgetfield, &&opc_fast_fgetfield,
+/* 0xCC */ &&opc_default,       &&opc_fast_bgetfield,   &&opc_fast_cgetfield, &&opc_fast_dgetfield,
 
-/* 0xD0 */ &&opc_fast_igetfield,&&opc_fast_lgetfield,   &&opc_fast_sgetfield, &&opc_fast_aputfield,
-/* 0xD4 */ &&opc_fast_bputfield,&&opc_fast_zputfield,   &&opc_fast_cputfield, &&opc_fast_dputfield,
-/* 0xD8 */ &&opc_fast_fputfield,&&opc_fast_iputfield,   &&opc_fast_lputfield, &&opc_fast_sputfield,
-/* 0xDC */ &&opc_fast_aload_0,  &&opc_fast_iaccess_0,   &&opc_fast_aaccess_0, &&opc_fast_faccess_0,
+/* 0xD0 */ &&opc_fast_fgetfield, &&opc_fast_igetfield,  &&opc_fast_lgetfield, &&opc_fast_sgetfield,
+/* 0xD4 */ &&opc_fast_aputfield, &&opc_default,         &&opc_fast_bputfield, &&opc_fast_zputfield,
+/* 0xD8 */ &&opc_fast_cputfield, &&opc_fast_dputfield,  &&opc_fast_fputfield, &&opc_fast_iputfield,
+/* 0xDC */ &&opc_fast_lputfield, &&opc_fast_sputfield,  &&opc_fast_aload_0,   &&opc_fast_iaccess_0,
 
-/* 0xE0 */ &&opc_fast_iload,    &&opc_fast_iload2,      &&opc_fast_icaload,   &&opc_fast_invokevfinal,
-/* 0xE4 */ &&opc_default,       &&opc_default,          &&opc_fast_aldc,      &&opc_fast_aldc_w,
-/* 0xE8 */ &&opc_return_register_finalizer,
-                                &&opc_invokehandle,     &&opc_nofast_getfield,&&opc_nofast_putfield,
-/* 0xEC */ &&opc_nofast_aload_0,&&opc_nofast_iload,     &&opc_default,        &&opc_default,
+/* 0xE0 */ &&opc_fast_aaccess_0,  &&opc_fast_faccess_0,    &&opc_fast_iload,                &&opc_fast_iload2,
+/* 0xE4 */ &&opc_fast_icaload,    &&opc_fast_invokevfinal, &&opc_default,                   &&opc_default,
+/* 0xE8 */ &&opc_fast_aldc,       &&opc_fast_aldc_w,       &&opc_return_register_finalizer, &&opc_invokehandle,
+/* 0xEC */ &&opc_nofast_getfield, &&opc_nofast_putfield,   &&opc_nofast_aload_0,            &&opc_nofast_iload,
 
 /* 0xF0 */ &&opc_default,       &&opc_default,          &&opc_default,        &&opc_default,
 /* 0xF4 */ &&opc_default,       &&opc_default,          &&opc_default,        &&opc_default,
@@ -1502,7 +1503,13 @@ void BytecodeInterpreter::run(interpreterState istate) {
           ARRAY_LOADTO32(T_FLOAT, jfloat, "%f",   STACK_FLOAT, 0);
       CASE(_aaload): {
           ARRAY_INTRO(-2);
-          SET_STACK_OBJECT(((objArrayOop) arrObj)->obj_at(index), -2);
+          if (arrObj->is_flatArray()) {
+            CALL_VM(InterpreterRuntime::flat_array_load(THREAD, (objArrayOop) arrObj, index), handle_exception);
+            SET_STACK_OBJECT(THREAD->vm_result_oop(), -2);
+            THREAD->set_vm_result_oop(nullptr);
+          } else {
+            SET_STACK_OBJECT(((refArrayOop) arrObj)->obj_at(index), -2);
+          }
           UPDATE_PC_AND_TOS_AND_CONTINUE(1, -1);
       }
       CASE(_baload):
@@ -1566,6 +1573,8 @@ void BytecodeInterpreter::run(interpreterState istate) {
             if (rhsKlass != elemKlass && !rhsKlass->is_subtype_of(elemKlass)) { // ebx->is...
               VM_JAVA_ERROR(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException(), "");
             }
+          } else if (arrObj->is_null_free_array()) {
+            VM_JAVA_ERROR(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), "Cannot store null in a null-restricted array");
           }
           ((objArrayOop) arrObj)->obj_at_put(index, rhsObject);
           UPDATE_PC_AND_TOS_AND_CONTINUE(1, -3);
@@ -1730,6 +1739,7 @@ void BytecodeInterpreter::run(interpreterState istate) {
                 MORE_STACK(1);
                 break;
               case atos: {
+                assert(!entry->is_flat(), "Flat volatile field not supported");
                 oop val = obj->obj_field_acquire(field_offset);
                 VERIFY_OOP(val);
                 SET_STACK_OBJECT(val, -1);
@@ -1765,7 +1775,14 @@ void BytecodeInterpreter::run(interpreterState istate) {
                 MORE_STACK(1);
                 break;
               case atos: {
-                oop val = obj->obj_field(field_offset);
+                oop val;
+                if (entry->is_flat()) {
+                  CALL_VM(InterpreterRuntime::read_flat_field(THREAD, obj, entry), handle_exception);
+                  val = THREAD->vm_result_oop();
+                  THREAD->set_vm_result_oop(nullptr);
+                } else {
+                  val = obj->obj_field(field_offset);
+                }
                 VERIFY_OOP(val);
                 SET_STACK_OBJECT(val, -1);
                 break;
@@ -1858,6 +1875,7 @@ void BytecodeInterpreter::run(interpreterState istate) {
                 obj->release_double_field_put(field_offset, STACK_DOUBLE(-1));
                 break;
               case atos: {
+                assert(!entry->is_flat(), "Flat volatile field not supported");
                 oop val = STACK_OBJECT(-1);
                 VERIFY_OOP(val);
                 obj->release_obj_field_put(field_offset, val);
@@ -1896,7 +1914,11 @@ void BytecodeInterpreter::run(interpreterState istate) {
               case atos: {
                 oop val = STACK_OBJECT(-1);
                 VERIFY_OOP(val);
-                obj->obj_field_put(field_offset, val);
+                if (entry->is_flat()) {
+                  CALL_VM(InterpreterRuntime::write_flat_field(THREAD, obj, val, entry), handle_exception);
+                } else {
+                  obj->obj_field_put(field_offset, val);
+                }
                 break;
               }
               default:
@@ -2529,8 +2551,17 @@ void BytecodeInterpreter::run(interpreterState istate) {
 
         MAYBE_POST_FIELD_ACCESS(obj);
 
-        VERIFY_OOP(obj->obj_field(field_offset));
-        SET_STACK_OBJECT(obj->obj_field(field_offset), -1);
+        oop val;
+        if (entry->is_flat()) {
+          CALL_VM(InterpreterRuntime::read_flat_field(THREAD, obj, entry), handle_exception);
+          val = THREAD->vm_result_oop();
+          THREAD->set_vm_result_oop(nullptr);
+        } else {
+          val = obj->obj_field(field_offset);
+        }
+
+        VERIFY_OOP(val);
+        SET_STACK_OBJECT(val, -1);
         UPDATE_PC_AND_CONTINUE(3);
       }
 
@@ -2644,7 +2675,17 @@ void BytecodeInterpreter::run(interpreterState istate) {
         MAYBE_POST_FIELD_MODIFICATION(obj);
 
         int field_offset = entry->field_offset();
-        obj->obj_field_put(field_offset, STACK_OBJECT(-1));
+        oop val = STACK_OBJECT(-1);
+
+        if (entry->is_null_free_inline_type()) {
+          CHECK_NULL_MSG(val, "Value is null");
+        }
+
+        if (entry->is_flat()) {
+          CALL_VM(InterpreterRuntime::write_flat_field(THREAD, obj, val, entry), handle_exception);
+        } else {
+          obj->obj_field_put(field_offset, val);
+        }
 
         UPDATE_PC_AND_TOS_AND_CONTINUE(3, -2);
       }
@@ -2787,8 +2828,17 @@ void BytecodeInterpreter::run(interpreterState istate) {
 
         MAYBE_POST_FIELD_ACCESS(obj);
 
-        VERIFY_OOP(obj->obj_field(field_offset));
-        SET_STACK_OBJECT(obj->obj_field(field_offset), 0);
+        oop val;
+        if (entry->is_flat()) {
+          CALL_VM(InterpreterRuntime::read_flat_field(THREAD, obj, entry), handle_exception);
+          val = THREAD->vm_result_oop();
+          THREAD->set_vm_result_oop(nullptr);
+        } else {
+          val = obj->obj_field(field_offset);
+        }
+
+        VERIFY_OOP(val);
+        SET_STACK_OBJECT(val, 0);
         UPDATE_PC_AND_TOS_AND_CONTINUE(4, 1);
       }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/dcmd/jfrDcmds.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/dcmd/jfrDcmds.cpp
index 58d6c029bc1..4cf8e3295dd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/dcmd/jfrDcmds.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/dcmd/jfrDcmds.cpp
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/symbol.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/jniHandles.hpp"
@@ -113,9 +114,8 @@ static void handle_pending_exception(outputStream* output, bool startup, oop thr
 }
 
 static void print_message(outputStream* output, oop content, TRAPS) {
-  objArrayOop lines = objArrayOop(content);
-  assert(lines != nullptr, "invariant");
-  assert(lines->is_array(), "must be array");
+  assert(content != nullptr, "invariant");
+  refArrayOop lines = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(content);
   const int length = lines->length();
   for (int i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
     const char* text = JfrJavaSupport::c_str(lines->obj_at(i), THREAD);
@@ -129,9 +129,8 @@ static void print_message(outputStream* output, oop content, TRAPS) {
 
 static void log(oop content, TRAPS) {
   LogMessage(jfr,startup) msg;
-  objArrayOop lines = objArrayOop(content);
-  assert(lines != nullptr, "invariant");
-  assert(lines->is_array(), "must be array");
+  assert(content != nullptr, "invariant");
+  refArrayOop lines = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(content);
   const int length = lines->length();
   for (int i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
     const char* text = JfrJavaSupport::c_str(lines->obj_at(i), THREAD);
@@ -353,9 +352,9 @@ GrowableArray<DCmdArgumentInfo*>* JfrDCmd::argument_info_array() const {
     assert(array->length() == _num_arguments, "invariant");
     return array;
   }
-  objArrayOop arguments = objArrayOop(result.get_oop());
-  assert(arguments != nullptr, "invariant");
-  assert(arguments->is_array(), "must be array");
+  oop oop_args = result.get_oop();
+  assert(oop_args != nullptr, "invariant");
+  refArrayOop arguments = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(oop_args);
   const int num_arguments = arguments->length();
   assert(num_arguments == _num_arguments, "invariant");
   prepare_dcmd_string_arena(thread);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/jni/jfrJavaSupport.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/jni/jfrJavaSupport.cpp
index 32710595d27..5810651fcaa 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/jni/jfrJavaSupport.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/jni/jfrJavaSupport.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
@@ -542,7 +543,7 @@ Symbol** JfrJavaSupport::symbol_array(jobjectArray string_array, JavaThread* thr
   DEBUG_ONLY(JfrJavaSupport::check_java_thread_in_vm(thread));
   assert(string_array != nullptr, "invariant");
   assert(result_array_size != nullptr, "invariant");
-  objArrayOop arrayOop = objArrayOop(resolve_non_null(string_array));
+  refArrayOop arrayOop = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(resolve_non_null(string_array));
   const int length = arrayOop->length();
   *result_array_size = length;
   Symbol** result_array = allocate_symbol_array(c_heap, length, thread);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/sampling/jfrSampleRequest.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/sampling/jfrSampleRequest.cpp
index 68a47193e55..f2674e81f15 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/sampling/jfrSampleRequest.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/sampling/jfrSampleRequest.cpp
@@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ static bool build_for_interpreter(JfrSampleRequest& request, JavaThread* jt) {
     request._sample_sp = request._sample_bcp;
     // Get real bcp.
     void* const bcp = interpreter_frame_bcp(request);
-    // Setting bcp = 1 marks the sample request to represent a native method.
-    request._sample_bcp = bcp != nullptr ? bcp : reinterpret_cast<address>(1);
+    // Setting bcp == JfrSampleRequestFrameType::INTERPRETER marks the sample request to represent an interpreted native method.
+    request._sample_bcp = bcp != nullptr ? bcp : reinterpret_cast<address>(JfrSampleRequestFrameType::INTERPRETER);
     return true;
   }
   intptr_t* fp = sender_for_interpreter_frame(request, jt);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/sampling/jfrSampleRequest.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/sampling/jfrSampleRequest.hpp
index 20e737e0cbf..c40b79232c8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/sampling/jfrSampleRequest.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/sampling/jfrSampleRequest.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -55,6 +55,13 @@ enum JfrSampleRequestType {
   NOF_SAMPLE_STATES
 };
 
+enum JfrSampleRequestFrameType {
+  NONE,
+  INTERPRETER,
+  NEEDS_STACK_REPAIR,
+  NOF_FRAME_TYPES
+};
+
 struct JfrSampleRequest {
   void* _sample_sp;
   void* _sample_pc;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/sampling/jfrThreadSampling.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/sampling/jfrThreadSampling.cpp
index 7c0f8c02e69..24868d7f896 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/sampling/jfrThreadSampling.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/periodic/sampling/jfrThreadSampling.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include "code/codeCache.inline.hpp"
 #include "code/debugInfoRec.hpp"
 #include "code/nmethod.hpp"
+#include "code/pcDesc.hpp"
 #include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
 #include "jfr/jfrEvents.hpp"
 #include "jfr/periodic/sampling/jfrCPUTimeThreadSampler.hpp"
@@ -148,7 +149,7 @@ static bool compute_sender_frame(JfrSampleRequest& request, frame& sender_frame,
   return true;
 }
 
-static inline const PcDesc* get_pc_desc(nmethod* nm, void* pc) {
+static inline PcDesc* get_pc_desc(nmethod* nm, void* pc) {
   assert(nm != nullptr, "invariant");
   assert(pc != nullptr, "invariant");
   return nm->pc_desc_near(static_cast<address>(pc));
@@ -209,13 +210,38 @@ static bool compute_top_frame(const JfrSampleRequest& request, frame& top_frame,
           // on the stack. For extra assurance, we know that we can create this frame size at this
           // very location because we just popped such a frame before we hit the return poll site.
           //
-          // Let's attempt to correct for the safepoint bias.
-          const PcDesc* const pc_desc = get_pc_desc(sampled_nm, sampled_pc);
+          // For frames that need stack repair, special care is needed. This is because the general stack-walking code
+          // reads the frame size from the stack, but here that memory is already overwritten by the SafepointBlob.
+          // If we are careful, we don't need to reconstruct a frame that needs stack repair, because we can process
+          // the nmethod directly, unpacking it in the first part of the stack trace.
+          // To accomplish this, we must provide both the PcDesc and the nmethod to the stack-walking code,
+          // which is done by updating the JfrSampleRequest. A special marker, NEEDS_STACK_REPAIR, is set in the bcp field.
+          // In this case, the top_frame becomes the sender frame of the nmethod, similar to how interpreter frames are handled.
+          //
+          // Let's attempt to correct for the safepoint bias
+          PcDesc* const pc_desc = get_pc_desc(sampled_nm, sampled_pc);
           if (is_valid(pc_desc)) {
             intptr_t* const synthetic_sp = sender_sp - sampled_nm->frame_size();
+            in_continuation = Continuation::get_continuation_entry_for_sp(jt, synthetic_sp) != nullptr;
+            if (sampled_nm->needs_stack_repair()) {
+              JfrSampleRequest& modified_request = const_cast<JfrSampleRequest&>(request);
+              modified_request._sample_pc = pc_desc;
+              modified_request._sample_sp = sampled_nm;
+              modified_request._sample_bcp = reinterpret_cast<address>(JfrSampleRequestFrameType::NEEDS_STACK_REPAIR);
+              if (!stream.is_done()) {
+                stream.next();
+                // If the needs stack repair frame is in a continuation, check that the sender frame is too.
+                if (in_continuation && !is_in_continuation(*stream.current(), jt)) {
+                  // Leave sender frame empty.
+                  return true;
+                }
+                // The top_frame becomes the sender of the nmethod that needs stack repair.
+                top_frame = *stream.current();
+              }
+              return true;
+            }
             intptr_t* const synthetic_fp = sender_sp AARCH64_ONLY( - frame::sender_sp_offset);
             top_frame = frame(synthetic_sp, synthetic_sp, synthetic_fp, pc_desc->real_pc(sampled_nm), sampled_nm);
-            in_continuation = is_in_continuation(top_frame, jt);
             return true;
           }
         }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/stacktrace/jfrStackTrace.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/stacktrace/jfrStackTrace.cpp
index 95f2f8ef7bf..ef0eca0fe93 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/stacktrace/jfrStackTrace.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/stacktrace/jfrStackTrace.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -22,6 +22,10 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "code/debugInfoRec.hpp"
+#include "code/nmethod.hpp"
+#include "code/pcDesc.hpp"
+#include "jfr/periodic/sampling/jfrSampleRequest.hpp"
 #include "jfr/recorder/checkpoint/jfrCheckpointWriter.hpp"
 #include "jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/traceid/jfrTraceId.inline.hpp"
 #include "jfr/recorder/repository/jfrChunkWriter.hpp"
@@ -127,8 +131,14 @@ static inline bool is_in_continuation(const frame& frame, JavaThread* jt) {
     (Continuation::is_frame_in_continuation(jt, frame) || Continuation::is_continuation_enterSpecial(frame));
 }
 
-static inline bool is_interpreter(const JfrSampleRequest& request) {
-  return request._sample_bcp != nullptr;
+inline void JfrStackTrace::record_frame(const Method* method, int bci, u1 frame_type) {
+  assert(method != nullptr, "invariant");
+  const traceid mid = JfrTraceId::load(method);
+  _hash = (_hash * 31) + mid;
+  _hash = (_hash * 31) + bci;
+  _hash = (_hash * 31) + frame_type;
+  _frames->append(JfrStackFrame(mid, bci, frame_type, method->method_holder()));
+  _count++;
 }
 
 void JfrStackTrace::record_interpreter_top_frame(const JfrSampleRequest& request) {
@@ -139,23 +149,91 @@ void JfrStackTrace::record_interpreter_top_frame(const JfrSampleRequest& request
   _hash = 1;
   const Method* method = reinterpret_cast<Method*>(request._sample_pc);
   assert(method != nullptr, "invariant");
-  const traceid mid = JfrTraceId::load(method);
   const int bci = method->is_native() ? 0 : method->bci_from(reinterpret_cast<address>(request._sample_bcp));
   const u1 type = method->is_native() ? JfrStackFrame::FRAME_NATIVE : JfrStackFrame::FRAME_INTERPRETER;
-  _hash = (_hash * 31) + mid;
-  _hash = (_hash * 31) + bci;
-  _hash = (_hash * 31) + type;
-  _frames->append(JfrStackFrame(mid, bci, type, method->method_holder()));
-  _count++;
+  record_frame(method, bci, type);
+}
+
+class JfrUnpackNeedStackRepair {
+ private:
+  const PcDesc* const _pc_desc;
+  const nmethod* const _nm;
+  const Method* _method;
+  int _decode_offset;
+  int _bci;
+
+ public:
+  JfrUnpackNeedStackRepair(const PcDesc* pc_desc, const nmethod* nm) : _pc_desc(pc_desc),
+                                                                       _nm(nm),
+                                                                       _method(nullptr),
+                                                                       _decode_offset(_pc_desc->scope_decode_offset()),
+                                                                       _bci(0) {
+    assert(_pc_desc != nullptr, "invariant");
+    assert(_nm != nullptr, "invariant");
+    assert(_nm->needs_stack_repair(), "invariant");
+    assert(!_nm->is_native_method(), "invariant");
+    assert(_decode_offset != DebugInformationRecorder::serialized_null, "invariant");
+  }
+
+  bool has_next() const {
+    return _decode_offset != DebugInformationRecorder::serialized_null;
+  }
+
+  void next() {
+    assert(has_next(), "invariant");
+    DebugInfoReadStream reader(_nm, _decode_offset);
+    _decode_offset = reader.read_int();
+    _method = reader.read_method();
+    _bci = reader.read_bci();
+  }
+
+  const Method* method() const {
+    return _method;
+  }
+
+  int normalized_bci() const {
+    return _bci == InvocationEntryBci ? 0 : _bci;
+  }
+};
+
+void JfrStackTrace::record_stack_repair_top_frame(const JfrSampleRequest& request) {
+  assert(p2i(request._sample_bcp) == JfrSampleRequestFrameType::NEEDS_STACK_REPAIR, "invariant");
+  assert(_hash == 0, "invariant");
+  assert(_count == 0, "invariant");
+  assert(_frames != nullptr, "invariant");
+  assert(_frames->length() == 0, "invariant");
+  _hash = 1;
+  JfrUnpackNeedStackRepair unpack(static_cast<PcDesc*>(request._sample_pc),
+                                  static_cast<nmethod*>(request._sample_sp));
+  while (unpack.has_next()) {
+    unpack.next();
+    record_frame(unpack.method(), unpack.normalized_bci(), unpack.has_next() ? JfrStackFrame::FRAME_INLINE : JfrStackFrame::FRAME_JIT);
+  }
+}
+
+static inline JfrSampleRequestFrameType frame_type(const JfrSampleRequest& request) {
+  const intptr_t value = p2i(request._sample_bcp);
+  if (value == 0) {
+    return JfrSampleRequestFrameType::NONE;
+  }
+  return value == JfrSampleRequestFrameType::NEEDS_STACK_REPAIR ? JfrSampleRequestFrameType::NEEDS_STACK_REPAIR :
+                                                                    JfrSampleRequestFrameType::INTERPRETER;
 }
 
 bool JfrStackTrace::record(JavaThread* jt, const frame& frame, bool in_continuation, const JfrSampleRequest& request) {
-  if (is_interpreter(request)) {
+  const JfrSampleRequestFrameType ft = frame_type(request);
+  if (ft == JfrSampleRequestFrameType::NONE) {
+    return record(jt, frame, in_continuation, 0);
+  }
+  if (ft == JfrSampleRequestFrameType::INTERPRETER) {
     record_interpreter_top_frame(request);
-    if (frame.pc() == nullptr) {
-      // No sender frame. Done.
-      return true;
-    }
+  } else {
+    assert(ft == JfrSampleRequestFrameType::NEEDS_STACK_REPAIR, "invariant");
+    record_stack_repair_top_frame(request);
+  }
+  if (frame.pc() == nullptr) {
+    // No sender frame. Done.
+    return true;
   }
   return record(jt, frame, in_continuation, 0);
 }
@@ -181,7 +259,6 @@ bool JfrStackTrace::record_inner(JavaThread* jt, const frame& frame, bool in_con
   assert(jt != nullptr, "invariant");
   assert(!_lineno, "invariant");
   assert(_frames != nullptr, "invariant");
-  assert(_frames->length() == 0 || _frames->length() == 1, "invariant");
   assert(!in_continuation || is_in_continuation(frame, jt), "invariant");
   Thread* const current_thread = Thread::current();
   HandleMark hm(current_thread); // RegisterMap uses Handles to support continuations.
@@ -209,13 +286,12 @@ bool JfrStackTrace::record_inner(JavaThread* jt, const frame& frame, bool in_con
         continue;
       }
     }
-    const traceid mid = JfrTraceId::load(method);
     u1 type = vfs.is_interpreted_frame() ? JfrStackFrame::FRAME_INTERPRETER : JfrStackFrame::FRAME_JIT;
     int bci = 0;
     if (method->is_native()) {
       type = JfrStackFrame::FRAME_NATIVE;
     } else {
-      bci = vfs.bci();
+      bci = vfs.normalized_bci();
     }
 
     const intptr_t* const frame_id = vfs.frame_id();
@@ -225,11 +301,7 @@ bool JfrStackTrace::record_inner(JavaThread* jt, const frame& frame, bool in_con
       // frame, so this frame is inlined into the caller.
       type = JfrStackFrame::FRAME_INLINE;
     }
-    _hash = (_hash * 31) + mid;
-    _hash = (_hash * 31) + bci;
-    _hash = (_hash * 31) + type;
-    _frames->append(JfrStackFrame(mid, bci, type, method->method_holder()));
-    _count++;
+    record_frame(method, bci, type);
   }
   return _count > 0;
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/stacktrace/jfrStackTrace.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/stacktrace/jfrStackTrace.hpp
index b268ddf7a0e..a6fecd8cac1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/stacktrace/jfrStackTrace.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/stacktrace/jfrStackTrace.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -72,7 +72,9 @@ class JfrStackTrace : public JfrCHeapObj {
   bool full_stacktrace() const { return _reached_root; }
   bool record_inner(JavaThread* jt, const frame& frame, bool in_continuation, int skip, int64_t stack_filter_id = -1);
   bool record(JavaThread* jt, const frame& frame, bool in_continuation, int skip, int64_t stack_filter_id = -1);
+  void record_frame(const Method* method, int bci, u1 type);
   void record_interpreter_top_frame(const JfrSampleRequest& request);
+  void record_stack_repair_top_frame(const JfrSampleRequest& request);
 
   JfrStackTrace(traceid id, const JfrStackTrace& trace, const JfrStackTrace* next);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/stacktrace/jfrVframeStream.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/stacktrace/jfrVframeStream.hpp
index 5da1a90db4e..21aeaac59a4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/stacktrace/jfrVframeStream.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/stacktrace/jfrVframeStream.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ class JfrVframeStream : public vframeStreamCommon {
  public:
   JfrVframeStream(JavaThread* jt, const frame& fr, bool in_continuation, bool stop_at_java_call_stub);
   void next_vframe();
+  int normalized_bci() const;
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_JFR_RECORDER_STACKTRACE_JFRVFRAMESTREAM_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/stacktrace/jfrVframeStream.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/stacktrace/jfrVframeStream.inline.hpp
index 8495c7172c7..9bf32740d8b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/stacktrace/jfrVframeStream.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/stacktrace/jfrVframeStream.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -87,4 +87,9 @@ inline void JfrVframeStream::next_vframe() {
   next_frame();
 }
 
+inline int JfrVframeStream::normalized_bci() const {
+  const int value = bci();
+  return value == InvocationEntryBci ? 0 : value;
+}
+
 #endif // SHARE_JFR_RECORDER_STACKTRACE_JFRVFRAMESTREAM_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/utilities/jfrJavaLog.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/utilities/jfrJavaLog.cpp
index 2f46853b042..0a102144148 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/utilities/jfrJavaLog.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/utilities/jfrJavaLog.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "logging/logMessage.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
 
 #define JFR_LOG_TAGS_CONCATED(T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, ...)  \
@@ -130,9 +131,7 @@ void JfrJavaLog::log_event(JNIEnv* env, jint level, jobjectArray lines, bool sys
     return;
   }
 
-  objArrayOop the_lines = objArrayOop(JfrJavaSupport::resolve_non_null(lines));
-  assert(the_lines != nullptr, "invariant");
-  assert(the_lines->is_array(), "must be array");
+  refArrayOop the_lines = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(JfrJavaSupport::resolve_non_null(lines));
   const int length = the_lines->length();
 
   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/logging/logTag.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/logging/logTag.hpp
index 6d49a23fe3b..d1e95e70cd6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/logging/logTag.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/logging/logTag.hpp
@@ -162,6 +162,7 @@ class outputStream;
   LOG_TAG(plab) \
   LOG_TAG(placeholders) \
   LOG_TAG(preempt) \
+  LOG_TAG(preload)   /* Trace successful class preloading */ \
   LOG_TAG(preorder)  /* Trace all classes loaded in order referenced (not loaded) */ \
   LOG_TAG(preview)   /* Trace loading of preview feature types */ \
   LOG_TAG(promotion) \
@@ -218,6 +219,7 @@ class outputStream;
   NOT_PRODUCT(LOG_TAG(upcall)) \
   LOG_TAG(update) \
   LOG_TAG(valuebasedclasses) \
+  LOG_TAG(valuetypes) \
   LOG_TAG(verification) \
   LOG_TAG(verify) \
   LOG_TAG(vmatree) \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/memory/allocation.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/memory/allocation.hpp
index a49f9ce9a0b..b123d9a2b9d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/memory/allocation.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/memory/allocation.hpp
@@ -330,6 +330,7 @@ class MetaspaceObj {
   f(ConstantPoolCache) \
   f(Annotations) \
   f(MethodCounters) \
+  f(InlineLayoutInfo) \
   f(RecordComponent) \
   f(KlassTrainingData) \
   f(MethodTrainingData) \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/memory/heapInspection.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/memory/heapInspection.cpp
index 5abb7e4ddcc..8fc06c25355 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/memory/heapInspection.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/memory/heapInspection.cpp
@@ -33,8 +33,12 @@
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "nmt/memTracker.hpp"
+#include "oops/fieldInfo.hpp"
+#include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/atomicAccess.hpp"
+#include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
@@ -509,6 +513,123 @@ class HistoClosure : public KlassInfoClosure {
   }
 };
 
+class FindClassByNameClosure : public KlassInfoClosure {
+ private:
+  GrowableArray<Klass*>* _klasses;
+  Symbol* _classname;
+ public:
+  FindClassByNameClosure(GrowableArray<Klass*>* klasses, Symbol* classname) :
+    _klasses(klasses), _classname(classname) { }
+
+  void do_cinfo(KlassInfoEntry* cie) {
+    if (cie->klass()->name() == _classname) {
+      _klasses->append(cie->klass());
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+class FieldDesc {
+private:
+  Symbol* _name;
+  Symbol* _signature;
+  int _offset;
+  int _index;
+  InstanceKlass* _holder;
+  AccessFlags _access_flags;
+  FieldInfo::FieldFlags _field_flags;
+ public:
+  FieldDesc() : _name(nullptr), _signature(nullptr), _offset(-1), _index(-1), _holder(nullptr),
+                _access_flags(AccessFlags()), _field_flags(FieldInfo::FieldFlags((u4)0)) { }
+
+  FieldDesc(fieldDescriptor& fd) : _name(fd.name()), _signature(fd.signature()), _offset(fd.offset()),
+                                   _index(fd.index()), _holder(fd.field_holder()),
+                                   _access_flags(fd.access_flags()), _field_flags(fd.field_flags()) { }
+
+  const Symbol* name() { return _name;}
+  const Symbol* signature() { return _signature; }
+  int offset() const { return _offset; }
+  int index() const { return _index; }
+  const InstanceKlass* holder() { return _holder; }
+  const AccessFlags& access_flags() { return _access_flags; }
+  bool is_null_free_inline_type() const { return _field_flags.is_null_free_inline_type(); }
+};
+
+static int compare_offset(FieldDesc* f1, FieldDesc* f2) {
+   return f1->offset() > f2->offset() ? 1 : -1;
+}
+
+static void print_field(outputStream* st, int level, int offset, FieldDesc& fd, bool is_inline_type, bool is_flat ) {
+  const char* flat_field_msg = is_flat ? "flat" : "";
+  st->print_cr("  @ %d %*s \"%s\" %s %s %s",
+      offset, level * 3, "",
+      fd.name()->as_C_string(),
+      fd.signature()->as_C_string(),
+      is_inline_type ? " // inline type " : "",
+      flat_field_msg);
+}
+
+static void print_flat_field(outputStream* st, int level, int offset, InstanceKlass* klass) {
+  assert(klass->is_inline_klass(), "Only inline types can be flat");
+  InlineKlass* vklass = InlineKlass::cast(klass);
+  GrowableArray<FieldDesc>* fields = new (mtServiceability) GrowableArray<FieldDesc>(100, mtServiceability);
+  for (AllFieldStream fd(klass); !fd.done(); fd.next()) {
+    if (!fd.access_flags().is_static()) {
+      fields->append(FieldDesc(fd.field_descriptor()));
+    }
+  }
+  fields->sort(compare_offset);
+  for(int i = 0; i < fields->length(); i++) {
+    FieldDesc fd = fields->at(i);
+    int offset2 = offset + fd.offset() - vklass->payload_offset();
+    print_field(st, level, offset2, fd,
+        fd.is_null_free_inline_type(), fd.holder()->field_is_flat(fd.index()));
+    if (fd.holder()->field_is_flat(fd.index())) {
+      print_flat_field(st, level + 1, offset2 ,
+          InstanceKlass::cast(fd.holder()->get_inline_type_field_klass(fd.index())));
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void ClassPrintLayout::class_print_layout(outputStream* st, char* class_name) {
+  KlassInfoTable cit(true);
+  if (cit.allocation_failed()) {
+    st->print_cr("ERROR: Ran out of C-heap; hierarchy not generated");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  Symbol* classname = SymbolTable::probe(class_name, (int)strlen(class_name));
+
+  GrowableArray<Klass*>* klasses = new (mtServiceability) GrowableArray<Klass*>(100, mtServiceability);
+
+  FindClassByNameClosure fbnc(klasses, classname);
+  cit.iterate(&fbnc);
+
+  for(int i = 0; i < klasses->length(); i++) {
+    Klass* klass = klasses->at(i);
+    if (!klass->is_instance_klass()) continue;  // Skip
+    InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(klass);
+    st->print_cr("Class %s [@%s]:", klass->name()->as_C_string(),
+        klass->class_loader_data()->loader_name());
+    ResourceMark rm;
+    GrowableArray<FieldDesc>* fields = new (mtServiceability) GrowableArray<FieldDesc>(100, mtServiceability);
+    for (AllFieldStream fd(ik); !fd.done(); fd.next()) {
+      if (!fd.access_flags().is_static()) {
+        fields->append(FieldDesc(fd.field_descriptor()));
+      }
+    }
+    fields->sort(compare_offset);
+    for(int i = 0; i < fields->length(); i++) {
+      FieldDesc fd = fields->at(i);
+      print_field(st, 0, fd.offset(), fd, fd.is_null_free_inline_type(), fd.holder()->field_is_flat(fd.index()));
+      if (fd.holder()->field_is_flat(fd.index())) {
+        print_flat_field(st, 1, fd.offset(),
+            InstanceKlass::cast(fd.holder()->get_inline_type_field_klass(fd.index())));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  st->cr();
+}
+
 class RecordInstanceClosure : public ObjectClosure {
  private:
   KlassInfoTable* _cit;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/memory/heapInspection.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/memory/heapInspection.hpp
index 51498d926ec..646610e753d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/memory/heapInspection.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/memory/heapInspection.hpp
@@ -190,6 +190,11 @@ class KlassInfoHisto : public StackObj {
   void sort();
 };
 
+class ClassPrintLayout : AllStatic {
+ public:
+  static void class_print_layout(outputStream* st, char* classname);
+};
+
 #endif // INCLUDE_SERVICES
 
 // These declarations are needed since the declaration of KlassInfoTable and
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/memory/iterator.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/memory/iterator.inline.hpp
index 2975e050b70..ca39e21dbbd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/memory/iterator.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/memory/iterator.inline.hpp
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "code/nmethod.hpp"
 #include "oops/access.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/compressedOops.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceClassLoaderKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.inline.hpp"
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@
 #include "oops/instanceStackChunkKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/refArrayKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
 
@@ -142,12 +144,15 @@ class OopOopIterateDispatch : public AllStatic {
 
     Table(){
       set_init_function<InstanceKlass>();
+      set_init_function<InlineKlass>();
       set_init_function<InstanceRefKlass>();
       set_init_function<InstanceMirrorKlass>();
       set_init_function<InstanceClassLoaderKlass>();
       set_init_function<InstanceStackChunkKlass>();
       set_init_function<ObjArrayKlass>();
       set_init_function<TypeArrayKlass>();
+      set_init_function<FlatArrayKlass>();
+      set_init_function<RefArrayKlass>();
     }
   };
 
@@ -205,12 +210,15 @@ class OopOopIterateBoundedDispatch {
 
     Table(){
       set_init_function<InstanceKlass>();
+      set_init_function<InlineKlass>();
       set_init_function<InstanceRefKlass>();
       set_init_function<InstanceMirrorKlass>();
       set_init_function<InstanceClassLoaderKlass>();
       set_init_function<InstanceStackChunkKlass>();
       set_init_function<ObjArrayKlass>();
       set_init_function<TypeArrayKlass>();
+      set_init_function<FlatArrayKlass>();
+      set_init_function<RefArrayKlass>();
     }
   };
 
@@ -268,12 +276,15 @@ class OopOopIterateBackwardsDispatch {
 
     Table(){
       set_init_function<InstanceKlass>();
+      set_init_function<InlineKlass>();
       set_init_function<InstanceRefKlass>();
       set_init_function<InstanceMirrorKlass>();
       set_init_function<InstanceClassLoaderKlass>();
       set_init_function<InstanceStackChunkKlass>();
       set_init_function<ObjArrayKlass>();
       set_init_function<TypeArrayKlass>();
+      set_init_function<FlatArrayKlass>();
+      set_init_function<RefArrayKlass>();
     }
   };
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/memory/oopFactory.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/memory/oopFactory.cpp
index d5e958ef29a..d7fdffb6c32 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/memory/oopFactory.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/memory/oopFactory.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,11 +29,17 @@
 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
+#include "oops/arrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
-#include "oops/objArrayOop.hpp"
+#include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp"
+#include "oops/refArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
@@ -72,7 +78,7 @@ typeArrayOop oopFactory::new_longArray(int length, TRAPS) {
 }
 
 // create java.lang.Object[]
-objArrayOop oopFactory::new_objectArray(int length, TRAPS)  {
+refArrayOop oopFactory::new_objectArray(int length, TRAPS)  {
   return Universe::objectArrayKlass()->allocate_instance(length, THREAD);
 }
 
@@ -104,12 +110,38 @@ typeArrayOop oopFactory::new_typeArray_nozero(BasicType type, int length, TRAPS)
   return klass->allocate_common(length, false, THREAD);
 }
 
+objArrayOop oopFactory::new_objArray(Klass* klass, int length, ArrayProperties properties, TRAPS) {
+  assert(!klass->is_array_klass() || properties == ArrayProperties::Default(), "properties only apply to single dimension arrays");
+  ArrayKlass* ak = klass->array_klass(CHECK_NULL);
+  return ObjArrayKlass::cast(ak)->allocate_instance(length, properties, THREAD);
+}
+
 objArrayOop oopFactory::new_objArray(Klass* klass, int length, TRAPS) {
+  return  new_objArray(klass, length, ArrayProperties::Default(), THREAD);
+}
+
+refArrayOop oopFactory::new_refArray(Klass* klass, int length, ArrayProperties properties, TRAPS) {
   ArrayKlass* ak = klass->array_klass(CHECK_NULL);
-  return ObjArrayKlass::cast(ak)->allocate_instance(length, THREAD);
+  ArrayDescription ad(Klass::RefArrayKlassKind, properties, LayoutKind::REFERENCE);
+  ObjArrayKlass* oak = ObjArrayKlass::cast(ak)->klass_from_description(ad, CHECK_NULL);
+  // Cast below must pass because the array description required a RefArrayKlass
+  RefArrayKlass* rak = RefArrayKlass::cast(oak);
+  return rak->allocate_instance(length, CHECK_NULL);
+}
+
+refArrayOop oopFactory::new_refArray(Klass* klass, int length, TRAPS) {
+  return new_refArray(klass, length, ArrayProperties::Default(), THREAD);
+}
+
+flatArrayOop oopFactory::new_flatArray(InlineKlass* ik, int length, ArrayProperties props, TRAPS) {
+  ArrayKlass* ak = ik->array_klass(CHECK_NULL);
+  ObjArrayKlass* oak = ObjArrayKlass::cast(ak)->klass_with_properties(props, CHECK_NULL);
+  FlatArrayKlass* fak = FlatArrayKlass::cast(oak);
+
+  return fak->allocate_instance(length, THREAD);
 }
 
-objArrayHandle oopFactory::new_objArray_handle(Klass* klass, int length, TRAPS) {
-  objArrayOop obj = new_objArray(klass, length, CHECK_(objArrayHandle()));
-  return objArrayHandle(THREAD, obj);
+refArrayHandle oopFactory::new_refArray_handle(Klass* klass, int length, TRAPS) {
+  refArrayOop obj = new_refArray(klass, length, CHECK_(refArrayHandle()));
+  return refArrayHandle(THREAD, obj);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/memory/oopFactory.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/memory/oopFactory.hpp
index 204ce871dc6..1d869785087 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/memory/oopFactory.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/memory/oopFactory.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,10 +26,13 @@
 #define SHARE_MEMORY_OOPFACTORY_HPP
 
 #include "memory/referenceType.hpp"
+#include "oops/arrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.hpp"
 #include "utilities/exceptions.hpp"
 
+class InlineKlass;
+
 // oopFactory is a class used for creating new objects.
 
 class oopFactory: AllStatic {
@@ -45,7 +48,7 @@ class oopFactory: AllStatic {
   static typeArrayOop    new_longArray  (int length, TRAPS);
 
   // create java.lang.Object[]
-  static objArrayOop     new_objectArray(int length, TRAPS);
+  static refArrayOop     new_objectArray(int length, TRAPS);
 
   static typeArrayOop    new_charArray(const char* utf8_str,  TRAPS);
 
@@ -55,9 +58,17 @@ class oopFactory: AllStatic {
 
   // Regular object arrays
   static objArrayOop     new_objArray(Klass* klass, int length, TRAPS);
+  static objArrayOop     new_objArray(Klass* klass, int length, ArrayProperties properties, TRAPS);
+
+  // Factories to create a reference arrays
+  static refArrayOop     new_refArray(Klass* klass, int length, TRAPS);
+  static refArrayOop     new_refArray(Klass* klass, int length, ArrayProperties properties, TRAPS);
+
+  // Factory to create flat arrays.
+  static flatArrayOop    new_flatArray(InlineKlass* klass, int length, ArrayProperties props, TRAPS);
 
   // Helper that returns a Handle
-  static objArrayHandle  new_objArray_handle(Klass* klass, int length, TRAPS);
+  static refArrayHandle  new_refArray_handle(Klass* klass, int length, TRAPS);
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_MEMORY_OOPFACTORY_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/memory/universe.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/memory/universe.cpp
index 2adf211304c..9ace5daada0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/memory/universe.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/memory/universe.cpp
@@ -65,7 +65,9 @@
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objLayout.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oopHandle.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/refArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "prims/resolvedMethodTable.hpp"
 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
@@ -113,10 +115,12 @@ static LatestMethodCache _loader_addClass_cache;            // ClassLoader.addCl
 static LatestMethodCache _throw_illegal_access_error_cache; // Unsafe.throwIllegalAccessError()
 static LatestMethodCache _throw_no_such_method_error_cache; // Unsafe.throwNoSuchMethodError()
 static LatestMethodCache _do_stack_walk_cache;              // AbstractStackWalker.doStackWalk()
+static LatestMethodCache _is_substitutable_cache;           // ValueObjectMethods.isSubstitutable()
+static LatestMethodCache _value_object_hash_code_cache;     // ValueObjectMethods.valueObjectHashCode()
 
 // Known objects
 TypeArrayKlass* Universe::_typeArrayKlasses[T_LONG+1] = { nullptr /*, nullptr...*/ };
-ObjArrayKlass* Universe::_objectArrayKlass            = nullptr;
+RefArrayKlass* Universe::_objectArrayKlass            = nullptr;
 Klass* Universe::_fillerArrayKlass                    = nullptr;
 OopHandle Universe::_basic_type_mirrors[T_VOID+1];
 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
@@ -391,7 +395,7 @@ static void initialize_basic_type_klass(Klass* k, TRAPS) {
     if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
       InstanceKlass::cast(k)->restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, Handle(), nullptr, CHECK);
     } else {
-      ArrayKlass::cast(k)->restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, Handle(), CHECK);
+      TypeArrayKlass::cast(k)->restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, Handle(), CHECK);
     }
   } else
 #endif
@@ -509,16 +513,13 @@ void Universe::genesis(TRAPS) {
   // SystemDictionary::initialize(CHECK); is run. See the extra check
   // for Object_klass_is_loaded in ObjArrayKlass::allocate_objArray_klass.
   {
-    Klass* oak = vmClasses::Object_klass()->array_klass(CHECK);
-    _objectArrayKlass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(oak);
+    ArrayKlass* oak = vmClasses::Object_klass()->array_klass(CHECK);
+    oak->append_to_sibling_list();
+
+    // Create a RefArrayKlass (which is the default) and initialize.
+    ObjArrayKlass* rak = ObjArrayKlass::cast(oak)->klass_with_properties(ArrayProperties::Default(), CHECK);
+    _objectArrayKlass = RefArrayKlass::cast(rak);
   }
-  // OLD
-  // Add the class to the class hierarchy manually to make sure that
-  // its vtable is initialized after core bootstrapping is completed.
-  // ---
-  // New
-  // Have already been initialized.
-  _objectArrayKlass->append_to_sibling_list();
 
   #ifdef ASSERT
   if (FullGCALot) {
@@ -653,6 +654,9 @@ static void reinitialize_vtables() {
     Klass* sub = iter.klass();
     sub->vtable().initialize_vtable();
   }
+
+  // This isn't added to the subclass list, so need to reinitialize vtables directly.
+  Universe::objectArrayKlass()->vtable().initialize_vtable();
 }
 
 static void reinitialize_itables() {
@@ -676,11 +680,11 @@ bool Universe::on_page_boundary(void* addr) {
 }
 
 // the array of preallocated errors with backtraces
-objArrayOop Universe::preallocated_out_of_memory_errors() {
-  return (objArrayOop)_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array.resolve();
+refArrayOop Universe::preallocated_out_of_memory_errors() {
+  return oop_cast<refArrayOop>(_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array.resolve());
 }
 
-objArrayOop Universe::out_of_memory_errors() { return (objArrayOop)_out_of_memory_errors.resolve(); }
+refArrayOop Universe::out_of_memory_errors() { return oop_cast<refArrayOop>(_out_of_memory_errors.resolve()); }
 
 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_java_heap() {
   return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_java_heap));
@@ -725,7 +729,7 @@ bool Universe::should_fill_in_stack_trace(Handle throwable) {
   // preallocated errors with backtrace have been consumed. Also need to avoid
   // a potential loop which could happen if an out of memory occurs when attempting
   // to allocate the backtrace.
-  objArrayOop preallocated_oom = out_of_memory_errors();
+  refArrayOop preallocated_oom = out_of_memory_errors();
   for (int i = 0; i < _oom_count; i++) {
     if (throwable() == preallocated_oom->obj_at(i)) {
       return false;
@@ -785,8 +789,8 @@ bool Universe::is_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace(oop ex_obj) {
 // Setup preallocated OutOfMemoryError errors
 void Universe::create_preallocated_out_of_memory_errors(TRAPS) {
   InstanceKlass* ik = vmClasses::OutOfMemoryError_klass();
-  objArrayOop oa = oopFactory::new_objArray(ik, _oom_count, CHECK);
-  objArrayHandle oom_array(THREAD, oa);
+  refArrayOop ra = oopFactory::new_refArray(ik, _oom_count, CHECK);
+  refArrayHandle oom_array(THREAD, ra);
 
   for (int i = 0; i < _oom_count; i++) {
     oop oom_obj = ik->allocate_instance(CHECK);
@@ -819,9 +823,9 @@ void Universe::create_preallocated_out_of_memory_errors(TRAPS) {
 
   // Setup the array of errors that have preallocated backtrace
   int len = (StackTraceInThrowable) ? (int)PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount : 0;
-  objArrayOop instance = oopFactory::new_objArray(ik, len, CHECK);
+  refArrayOop instance = oopFactory::new_refArray(ik, len, CHECK);
   _preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array = OopHandle(vm_global(), instance);
-  objArrayHandle preallocated_oom_array(THREAD, instance);
+  refArrayHandle preallocated_oom_array(THREAD, instance);
 
   for (int i=0; i<len; i++) {
     oop err = ik->allocate_instance(CHECK);
@@ -1077,11 +1081,13 @@ Method* LatestMethodCache::get_method() {
   }
 }
 
-Method* Universe::finalizer_register_method()     { return _finalizer_register_cache.get_method(); }
-Method* Universe::loader_addClass_method()        { return _loader_addClass_cache.get_method(); }
-Method* Universe::throw_illegal_access_error()    { return _throw_illegal_access_error_cache.get_method(); }
-Method* Universe::throw_no_such_method_error()    { return _throw_no_such_method_error_cache.get_method(); }
-Method* Universe::do_stack_walk_method()          { return _do_stack_walk_cache.get_method(); }
+Method* Universe::finalizer_register_method()        { return _finalizer_register_cache.get_method(); }
+Method* Universe::loader_addClass_method()           { return _loader_addClass_cache.get_method(); }
+Method* Universe::throw_illegal_access_error()       { return _throw_illegal_access_error_cache.get_method(); }
+Method* Universe::throw_no_such_method_error()       { return _throw_no_such_method_error_cache.get_method(); }
+Method* Universe::do_stack_walk_method()             { return _do_stack_walk_cache.get_method(); }
+Method* Universe::is_substitutable_method()          { return _is_substitutable_cache.get_method(); }
+Method* Universe::value_object_hash_code_method()    { return _value_object_hash_code_cache.get_method(); }
 
 void Universe::initialize_known_methods(JavaThread* current) {
   // Set up static method for registering finalizers
@@ -1111,6 +1117,17 @@ void Universe::initialize_known_methods(JavaThread* current) {
                           vmClasses::AbstractStackWalker_klass(),
                           "doStackWalk",
                           vmSymbols::doStackWalk_signature(), false);
+
+  // Set up substitutability testing
+  ResourceMark rm(current);
+  _is_substitutable_cache.init(current,
+                          vmClasses::ValueObjectMethods_klass(),
+                          vmSymbols::isSubstitutable_name()->as_C_string(),
+                          vmSymbols::object_object_boolean_signature(), true);
+  _value_object_hash_code_cache.init(current,
+                          vmClasses::ValueObjectMethods_klass(),
+                          vmSymbols::valueObjectHashCode_name()->as_C_string(),
+                          vmSymbols::object_int_signature(), true);
 }
 
 void universe2_init() {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/memory/universe.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/memory/universe.hpp
index b2325c67ca0..a80271e205b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/memory/universe.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/memory/universe.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ class Universe: AllStatic {
  private:
   // Known classes in the VM
   static TypeArrayKlass* _typeArrayKlasses[T_LONG+1];
-  static ObjArrayKlass* _objectArrayKlass;
+  static RefArrayKlass* _objectArrayKlass;
   // Special int-Array that represents filler objects that are used by GC to overwrite
   // dead objects. References to them are generally an error.
   static Klass* _fillerArrayKlass;
@@ -129,9 +129,9 @@ class Universe: AllStatic {
   static bool _fully_initialized;                     // true after universe_init and initialize_vtables called
 
   // the array of preallocated errors with backtraces
-  static objArrayOop  preallocated_out_of_memory_errors();
+  static refArrayOop preallocated_out_of_memory_errors();
 
-  static objArrayOop out_of_memory_errors();
+  static refArrayOop out_of_memory_errors();
   // generate an out of memory error; if possible using an error with preallocated backtrace;
   // otherwise return the given default error.
   static oop        gen_out_of_memory_error(oop default_err);
@@ -185,8 +185,8 @@ class Universe: AllStatic {
   static TypeArrayKlass* floatArrayKlass()       { return typeArrayKlass(T_FLOAT); }
   static TypeArrayKlass* doubleArrayKlass()      { return typeArrayKlass(T_DOUBLE); }
 
-  static ObjArrayKlass* objectArrayKlass() {
-    ObjArrayKlass* k = _objectArrayKlass;
+  static RefArrayKlass* objectArrayKlass() {
+    RefArrayKlass* k = _objectArrayKlass;
     assert(k != nullptr, "Object array klass should be initialized; too early?");
     return k;
   }
@@ -253,6 +253,9 @@ class Universe: AllStatic {
   static Method*      throw_no_such_method_error();
   static Method*      do_stack_walk_method();
 
+  static Method*      is_substitutable_method();
+  static Method*      value_object_hash_code_method();
+
   static oop          the_null_sentinel();
   static address      the_null_sentinel_addr()        { return (address) &_the_null_sentinel;  }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/access.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/access.hpp
index 8430e960a27..c16824ec6b3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/access.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/access.hpp
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 
+class ValuePayload;
 
 // = GENERAL =
 // Access is an API for performing accesses with declarative semantics. Each access can have a number of "decorators".
@@ -57,6 +58,7 @@
 // * atomic_xchg_at: Atomically swap a new value at an internal pointer address without checking the previous value.
 // * arraycopy: Copy data from one heap array to another heap array. The ArrayAccess class has convenience functions for this.
 // * clone: Clone the contents of an object to a newly allocated object.
+// * value_copy: Copy the contents of a value type from one heap address to another
 //
 // == IMPLEMENTATION ==
 // Each access goes through the following steps in a template pipeline.
@@ -121,6 +123,12 @@ class Access: public AllStatic {
     verify_decorators<expected_mo_decorators | heap_oop_decorators>();
   }
 
+  template <DecoratorSet expected_mo_decorators>
+  static void verify_heap_value_decorators() {
+    const DecoratorSet heap_value_decorators = IN_HEAP | IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED;
+    verify_decorators<expected_mo_decorators | heap_value_decorators>();
+  }
+
   static const DecoratorSet load_mo_decorators = MO_UNORDERED | MO_RELAXED | MO_ACQUIRE | MO_SEQ_CST;
   static const DecoratorSet store_mo_decorators = MO_UNORDERED | MO_RELAXED | MO_RELEASE | MO_SEQ_CST;
   static const DecoratorSet atomic_xchg_mo_decorators = MO_SEQ_CST;
@@ -211,6 +219,19 @@ class Access: public AllStatic {
     AccessInternal::clone<decorators>(src, dst, size);
   }
 
+  // inline type heap access (when flat)...
+
+  // Copy value type data from src to dst
+  static inline void value_copy(const ValuePayload& src, const ValuePayload& dst) {
+    verify_heap_value_decorators<IN_HEAP>();
+    AccessInternal::value_copy<decorators>(src, dst);
+  }
+
+  static inline void value_store_null(const ValuePayload& dst) {
+    verify_heap_value_decorators<IN_HEAP>();
+    AccessInternal::value_store_null<decorators>(dst);
+  }
+
   // Primitive accesses
   template <typename P>
   static inline P load(P* addr) {
@@ -328,6 +349,7 @@ class ArrayAccess: public HeapAccess<IS_ARRAY | decorators> {
   template <typename T>
   static inline void oop_arraycopy_raw(T* src, T* dst, size_t length) {
     static_assert((decorators & ARRAYCOPY_CHECKCAST) == 0);
+    static_assert((decorators & ARRAYCOPY_NOTNULL) == 0);
 
     OopCopyResult result = AccessT::oop_arraycopy(nullptr, 0, src,
                                                   nullptr, 0, dst,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/access.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/access.inline.hpp
index fccdfd60862..f859df2345c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/access.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/access.inline.hpp
@@ -200,6 +200,20 @@ namespace AccessInternal {
     }
   };
 
+  template <class GCBarrierType, DecoratorSet decorators>
+  struct PostRuntimeDispatch<GCBarrierType, BARRIER_VALUE_COPY, decorators>: public AllStatic {
+    static void access_barrier(const ValuePayload& src, const ValuePayload& dst) {
+      GCBarrierType::value_copy_in_heap(src, dst);
+    }
+  };
+
+  template <class GCBarrierType, DecoratorSet decorators>
+  struct PostRuntimeDispatch<GCBarrierType, BARRIER_VALUE_STORE_NULL, decorators>: public AllStatic {
+    static void access_barrier(const ValuePayload& dst) {
+      GCBarrierType::value_store_null_in_heap(dst);
+    }
+  };
+
   // Resolving accessors with barriers from the barrier set happens in two steps.
   // 1. Expand paths with runtime-decorators, e.g. is UseCompressedOops on or off.
   // 2. Expand paths for each BarrierSet available in the system.
@@ -347,6 +361,20 @@ namespace AccessInternal {
     _clone_func = function;
     function(src, dst, size);
   }
+
+  template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename T>
+  void RuntimeDispatch<decorators, T, BARRIER_VALUE_COPY>::value_copy_init(const ValuePayload& src, const ValuePayload& dst) {
+    func_t function = BarrierResolver<decorators, func_t, BARRIER_VALUE_COPY>::resolve_barrier();
+    _value_copy_func = function;
+    function(src, dst);
+  }
+
+  template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename T>
+  void RuntimeDispatch<decorators, T, BARRIER_VALUE_STORE_NULL>::value_store_null_init(const ValuePayload& dst) {
+    func_t function = BarrierResolver<decorators, func_t, BARRIER_VALUE_STORE_NULL>::resolve_barrier();
+    _value_store_null_func = function;
+    function(dst);
+  }
 }
 
 #endif // SHARE_OOPS_ACCESS_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/accessBackend.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/accessBackend.cpp
index 3b64bbb61f2..33c8a6ad181 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/accessBackend.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/accessBackend.cpp
@@ -163,6 +163,14 @@ namespace AccessInternal {
     Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(src, dst, length);
   }
 
+  void value_copy_internal(void* src, void* dst, size_t length) {
+    Copy::copy_value_content(src, dst, length);
+  }
+
+  void value_store_null(void* dst, size_t length) {
+    Copy::clear_value_content(dst, length);
+  }
+
 #ifdef ASSERT
   void check_access_thread_state() {
     if (VMError::is_error_reported() || DebuggingContext::is_enabled()) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/accessBackend.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/accessBackend.hpp
index 03f5fc05729..368abc7ef25 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/accessBackend.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/accessBackend.hpp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
 #include "metaprogramming/enableIf.hpp"
 #include "oops/accessDecorators.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp"
 #include "runtime/globals.hpp"
 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
@@ -51,6 +52,14 @@ struct HeapOopType: AllStatic {
   using type = std::conditional_t<needs_oop_compress, narrowOop, oop>;
 };
 
+// This meta-function returns either oop or narrowOop depending on whether
+// a back-end needs to consider compressed oops types or not.
+template <DecoratorSet decorators>
+struct ValueOopType: AllStatic {
+  static const bool needs_oop_compress = HasDecorator<decorators, INTERNAL_RT_USE_COMPRESSED_OOPS>::value;
+  using type = std::conditional_t<needs_oop_compress, narrowOop, oop>;
+};
+
 namespace AccessInternal {
   enum BarrierType {
     BARRIER_STORE,
@@ -62,7 +71,9 @@ namespace AccessInternal {
     BARRIER_ATOMIC_XCHG,
     BARRIER_ATOMIC_XCHG_AT,
     BARRIER_ARRAYCOPY,
-    BARRIER_CLONE
+    BARRIER_CLONE,
+    BARRIER_VALUE_COPY,
+    BARRIER_VALUE_STORE_NULL,
   };
 
   template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename T>
@@ -103,6 +114,8 @@ namespace AccessInternal {
                                               arrayOop dst_obj, size_t dst_offset_in_bytes, T* dst_raw,
                                               size_t length);
     typedef void (*clone_func_t)(oop src, oop dst, size_t size);
+    typedef void (*value_copy_func_t)(const ValuePayload& src, const ValuePayload& dst);
+    typedef void (*value_store_null_func_t)(const ValuePayload& dst);
   };
 
   template <DecoratorSet decorators>
@@ -129,6 +142,8 @@ namespace AccessInternal {
   ACCESS_GENERATE_ACCESS_FUNCTION(BARRIER_ATOMIC_XCHG_AT, atomic_xchg_at_func_t);
   ACCESS_GENERATE_ACCESS_FUNCTION(BARRIER_ARRAYCOPY, arraycopy_func_t);
   ACCESS_GENERATE_ACCESS_FUNCTION(BARRIER_CLONE, clone_func_t);
+  ACCESS_GENERATE_ACCESS_FUNCTION(BARRIER_VALUE_COPY, value_copy_func_t);
+  ACCESS_GENERATE_ACCESS_FUNCTION(BARRIER_VALUE_STORE_NULL, value_store_null_func_t);
 #undef ACCESS_GENERATE_ACCESS_FUNCTION
 
   template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename T, BarrierType barrier_type>
@@ -154,6 +169,9 @@ namespace AccessInternal {
   void arraycopy_arrayof_conjoint(T* src, T* dst, size_t length);
   template<typename T>
   void arraycopy_conjoint_atomic(T* src, T* dst, size_t length);
+
+  void value_copy_internal(void* src, void* dst, size_t length);
+  void value_store_null(void* dst, size_t length);
 }
 
 // This mask specifies what decorators are relevant for raw accesses. When passing
@@ -293,7 +311,7 @@ class RawAccessBarrier: public AllStatic {
   }
 
   template <typename T>
-  static bool arraycopy(arrayOop src_obj, size_t src_offset_in_bytes, T* src_raw,
+  static void arraycopy(arrayOop src_obj, size_t src_offset_in_bytes, T* src_raw,
                         arrayOop dst_obj, size_t dst_offset_in_bytes, T* dst_raw,
                         size_t length);
 
@@ -338,11 +356,13 @@ class RawAccessBarrier: public AllStatic {
   }
 
   template <typename T>
-  static bool oop_arraycopy(arrayOop src_obj, size_t src_offset_in_bytes, T* src_raw,
+  static void oop_arraycopy(arrayOop src_obj, size_t src_offset_in_bytes, T* src_raw,
                             arrayOop dst_obj, size_t dst_offset_in_bytes, T* dst_raw,
                             size_t length);
 
   static void clone(oop src, oop dst, size_t size);
+  static void value_copy(const ValuePayload& src, const ValuePayload& dst);
+  static void value_store_null(const ValuePayload& dst);
 };
 
 namespace AccessInternal {
@@ -539,6 +559,30 @@ namespace AccessInternal {
     }
   };
 
+  template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename T>
+  struct RuntimeDispatch<decorators, T, BARRIER_VALUE_COPY>: AllStatic {
+    typedef typename AccessFunction<decorators, T, BARRIER_VALUE_COPY>::type func_t;
+    static func_t _value_copy_func;
+
+    static void value_copy_init(const ValuePayload& src, const ValuePayload& dst);
+
+    static inline void value_copy(const ValuePayload& src, const ValuePayload& dst) {
+      _value_copy_func(src, dst);
+    }
+  };
+
+  template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename T>
+  struct RuntimeDispatch<decorators, T, BARRIER_VALUE_STORE_NULL>: AllStatic {
+    typedef typename AccessFunction<decorators, T, BARRIER_VALUE_STORE_NULL>::type func_t;
+    static func_t _value_store_null_func;
+
+    static void value_store_null_init(const ValuePayload& dst);
+
+    static inline void value_store_null(const ValuePayload& dst) {
+      _value_store_null_func(dst);
+    }
+  };
+
   // Initialize the function pointers to point to the resolving function.
   template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename T>
   typename AccessFunction<decorators, T, BARRIER_STORE>::type
@@ -580,6 +624,14 @@ namespace AccessInternal {
   typename AccessFunction<decorators, T, BARRIER_CLONE>::type
   RuntimeDispatch<decorators, T, BARRIER_CLONE>::_clone_func = &clone_init;
 
+  template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename T>
+  typename AccessFunction<decorators, T, BARRIER_VALUE_COPY>::type
+  RuntimeDispatch<decorators, T, BARRIER_VALUE_COPY>::_value_copy_func = &value_copy_init;
+
+  template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename T>
+  typename AccessFunction<decorators, T, BARRIER_VALUE_STORE_NULL>::type
+  RuntimeDispatch<decorators, T, BARRIER_VALUE_STORE_NULL>::_value_store_null_func = &value_store_null_init;
+
   // Step 3: Pre-runtime dispatching.
   // The PreRuntimeDispatch class is responsible for filtering the barrier strength
   // decorators. That is, for AS_RAW, it hardwires the accesses without a runtime
@@ -896,6 +948,38 @@ namespace AccessInternal {
     clone(oop src, oop dst, size_t size) {
       RuntimeDispatch<decorators, oop, BARRIER_CLONE>::clone(src, dst, size);
     }
+
+    template <DecoratorSet decorators>
+    inline static typename EnableIf<
+      HasDecorator<decorators, AS_RAW>::value>::type
+    value_copy(const ValuePayload& src, const ValuePayload& dst) {
+      typedef RawAccessBarrier<decorators & RAW_DECORATOR_MASK> Raw;
+      Raw::value_copy(src, dst);
+    }
+
+    template <DecoratorSet decorators>
+    inline static typename EnableIf<
+      !HasDecorator<decorators, AS_RAW>::value>::type
+    value_copy(const ValuePayload& src, const ValuePayload& dst) {
+      const DecoratorSet expanded_decorators = decorators;
+      RuntimeDispatch<expanded_decorators, void*, BARRIER_VALUE_COPY>::value_copy(src, dst);
+    }
+
+    template <DecoratorSet decorators>
+    inline static typename EnableIf<
+      HasDecorator<decorators, AS_RAW>::value>::type
+    value_store_null(const ValuePayload& dst) {
+      typedef RawAccessBarrier<decorators & RAW_DECORATOR_MASK> Raw;
+      Raw::value_store_null(dst);
+    }
+
+    template <DecoratorSet decorators>
+    inline static typename EnableIf<
+      !HasDecorator<decorators, AS_RAW>::value>::type
+    value_store_null(const ValuePayload& dst) {
+      const DecoratorSet expanded_decorators = decorators;
+      RuntimeDispatch<expanded_decorators, void*, BARRIER_VALUE_STORE_NULL>::value_store_null(dst);
+    }
   };
 
   // Step 2: Reduce types.
@@ -1188,6 +1272,18 @@ namespace AccessInternal {
     PreRuntimeDispatch::clone<expanded_decorators>(src, dst, size);
   }
 
+  template <DecoratorSet decorators>
+  inline void value_copy(const ValuePayload& src, const ValuePayload& dst) {
+    const DecoratorSet expanded_decorators = DecoratorFixup<decorators>::value;
+    PreRuntimeDispatch::value_copy<expanded_decorators>(src, dst);
+  }
+
+  template <DecoratorSet decorators>
+  static inline void value_store_null(const ValuePayload& dst) {
+    const DecoratorSet expanded_decorators = DecoratorFixup<decorators>::value;
+    PreRuntimeDispatch::value_store_null<expanded_decorators>(dst);
+  }
+
   // Infer the type that should be returned from an Access::oop_load.
   template <typename P, DecoratorSet decorators>
   class OopLoadProxy: public StackObj {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/accessBackend.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/accessBackend.inline.hpp
index 59f12960692..ad74d005238 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/accessBackend.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/accessBackend.inline.hpp
@@ -31,7 +31,10 @@
 #include "oops/access.hpp"
 #include "oops/arrayOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/compressedOops.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/layoutKind.hpp"
 #include "oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp"
+#include "oops/valuePayload.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/atomicAccess.hpp"
 #include "runtime/orderAccess.hpp"
 
@@ -123,12 +126,12 @@ inline T RawAccessBarrier<decorators>::oop_atomic_xchg_at(oop base, ptrdiff_t of
 
 template <DecoratorSet decorators>
 template <typename T>
-inline bool RawAccessBarrier<decorators>::oop_arraycopy(arrayOop src_obj, size_t src_offset_in_bytes, T* src_raw,
+inline void RawAccessBarrier<decorators>::oop_arraycopy(arrayOop src_obj, size_t src_offset_in_bytes, T* src_raw,
                                                         arrayOop dst_obj, size_t dst_offset_in_bytes, T* dst_raw,
                                                         size_t length) {
-  return arraycopy(src_obj, src_offset_in_bytes, src_raw,
-                   dst_obj, dst_offset_in_bytes, dst_raw,
-                   length);
+  arraycopy(src_obj, src_offset_in_bytes, src_raw,
+            dst_obj, dst_offset_in_bytes, dst_raw,
+            length);
 }
 
 template <DecoratorSet decorators>
@@ -301,13 +304,12 @@ template<> struct RawAccessBarrierArrayCopy::IsHeapWordSized<void>: public std::
 
 template <DecoratorSet decorators>
 template <typename T>
-inline bool RawAccessBarrier<decorators>::arraycopy(arrayOop src_obj, size_t src_offset_in_bytes, T* src_raw,
+inline void RawAccessBarrier<decorators>::arraycopy(arrayOop src_obj, size_t src_offset_in_bytes, T* src_raw,
                                                     arrayOop dst_obj, size_t dst_offset_in_bytes, T* dst_raw,
                                                     size_t length) {
   RawAccessBarrierArrayCopy::arraycopy<decorators>(src_obj, src_offset_in_bytes, src_raw,
                                                    dst_obj, dst_offset_in_bytes, dst_raw,
                                                    length);
-  return true;
 }
 
 template <DecoratorSet decorators>
@@ -330,4 +332,27 @@ inline void RawAccessBarrier<decorators>::clone(oop src, oop dst, size_t size) {
   dst->init_mark();
 }
 
+template <DecoratorSet decorators>
+inline void RawAccessBarrier<decorators>::value_copy(const ValuePayload& src, const ValuePayload& dst) {
+  precond(src.klass() == dst.klass());
+
+  const InlineKlass* klass = src.klass();
+  const LayoutKind copy_layout = LayoutKindHelper::get_copy_layout(
+      src.layout_kind(), dst.layout_kind());
+  const int size = klass->layout_size_in_bytes(copy_layout);
+
+  AccessInternal::value_copy_internal(src.addr(), dst.addr(),
+                                      static_cast<size_t>(size));
+}
+
+template <DecoratorSet decorators>
+inline void RawAccessBarrier<decorators>::value_store_null(const ValuePayload& dst) {
+  address dst_addr = dst.addr();
+  const LayoutKind lk = dst.layout_kind();
+  const InlineKlass* klass = dst.klass();
+  const int size = klass->layout_size_in_bytes(lk);
+
+  AccessInternal::value_store_null(dst_addr, static_cast<size_t>(size));
+}
+
 #endif // SHARE_OOPS_ACCESSBACKEND_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/accessDecorators.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/accessDecorators.hpp
index 852b7ecddd4..6e673f8f390 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/accessDecorators.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/accessDecorators.hpp
@@ -208,17 +208,20 @@ const DecoratorSet IS_NOT_NULL           = UCONST64(1) << 22;
 //   are not guaranteed to be subclasses of the class of the destination array. This requires
 //   a check-cast barrier during the copying operation. If this is not set, it is assumed
 //   that the array is covariant: (the source array type is-a destination array type)
+// * ARRAYCOPY_NOTNULL: This property means that the source array may contain null elements
+//   but the destination does not allow null elements (i.e. throw NPE)
 // * ARRAYCOPY_DISJOINT: This property means that it is known that the two array ranges
 //   are disjoint.
 // * ARRAYCOPY_ARRAYOF: The copy is in the arrayof form.
 // * ARRAYCOPY_ATOMIC: The accesses have to be atomic over the size of its elements.
 // * ARRAYCOPY_ALIGNED: The accesses have to be aligned on a HeapWord.
 const DecoratorSet ARRAYCOPY_CHECKCAST            = UCONST64(1) << 23;
-const DecoratorSet ARRAYCOPY_DISJOINT             = UCONST64(1) << 24;
-const DecoratorSet ARRAYCOPY_ARRAYOF              = UCONST64(1) << 25;
-const DecoratorSet ARRAYCOPY_ATOMIC               = UCONST64(1) << 26;
-const DecoratorSet ARRAYCOPY_ALIGNED              = UCONST64(1) << 27;
-const DecoratorSet ARRAYCOPY_DECORATOR_MASK       = ARRAYCOPY_CHECKCAST | ARRAYCOPY_DISJOINT |
+const DecoratorSet ARRAYCOPY_NOTNULL              = UCONST64(1) << 24;
+const DecoratorSet ARRAYCOPY_DISJOINT             = UCONST64(1) << 25;
+const DecoratorSet ARRAYCOPY_ARRAYOF              = UCONST64(1) << 26;
+const DecoratorSet ARRAYCOPY_ATOMIC               = UCONST64(1) << 27;
+const DecoratorSet ARRAYCOPY_ALIGNED              = UCONST64(1) << 28;
+const DecoratorSet ARRAYCOPY_DECORATOR_MASK       = ARRAYCOPY_CHECKCAST | ARRAYCOPY_NOTNULL |
                                                     ARRAYCOPY_DISJOINT | ARRAYCOPY_ARRAYOF |
                                                     ARRAYCOPY_ATOMIC | ARRAYCOPY_ALIGNED;
 
@@ -226,11 +229,11 @@ const DecoratorSet ARRAYCOPY_DECORATOR_MASK       = ARRAYCOPY_CHECKCAST | ARRAYC
 // * ACCESS_READ: Indicate that the resolved object is accessed read-only. This allows the GC
 //   backend to use weaker and more efficient barriers.
 // * ACCESS_WRITE: Indicate that the resolved object is used for write access.
-const DecoratorSet ACCESS_READ                    = UCONST64(1) << 28;
-const DecoratorSet ACCESS_WRITE                   = UCONST64(1) << 29;
+const DecoratorSet ACCESS_READ                    = UCONST64(1) << 29;
+const DecoratorSet ACCESS_WRITE                   = UCONST64(1) << 30;
 
 // Keep track of the last decorator.
-const DecoratorSet DECORATOR_LAST = UCONST64(1) << 29;
+const DecoratorSet DECORATOR_LAST = UCONST64(1) << 30;
 
 namespace AccessInternal {
   // This class adds implied decorators that follow according to decorator rules.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/arrayKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/arrayKlass.cpp
index 8a73f58b46a..c30725b3e44 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/arrayKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/arrayKlass.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
+#include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
@@ -37,11 +38,13 @@
 #include "oops/arrayOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/refArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
 
-ArrayKlass::ArrayKlass() : _dimension() {
+ArrayKlass::ArrayKlass() : _properties() {
   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_static_archive() || CDSConfig::is_using_archive(), "only for CDS");
 }
 
@@ -88,11 +91,33 @@ Method* ArrayKlass::uncached_lookup_method(const Symbol* name,
   return super()->uncached_lookup_method(name, signature, OverpassLookupMode::skip, private_mode);
 }
 
-ArrayKlass::ArrayKlass(int n, Symbol* name, KlassKind kind) :
-  Klass(kind),
+static markWord calc_prototype_header(Klass::KlassKind kind, ArrayProperties props) {
+  switch (kind) {
+  case Klass::KlassKind::TypeArrayKlassKind:
+    return markWord::prototype();
+
+  case Klass::KlassKind::FlatArrayKlassKind:
+    return markWord::flat_array_prototype(props.is_null_restricted());
+
+  case Klass::KlassKind::ObjArrayKlassKind:
+  case Klass::KlassKind::RefArrayKlassKind:
+    if (props.is_null_restricted()) {
+      return markWord::null_free_array_prototype();
+    } else {
+      return markWord::prototype();
+    }
+
+  default:
+    ShouldNotReachHere();
+  };
+}
+
+ArrayKlass::ArrayKlass(int n, Symbol* name, KlassKind kind, ArrayProperties props)
+    : Klass(kind, calc_prototype_header(kind, props)),
   _dimension(n),
   _higher_dimension(nullptr),
-  _lower_dimension(nullptr) {
+  _lower_dimension(nullptr),
+  _properties(props) {
   // Arrays don't add any new methods, so their vtable is the same size as
   // the vtable of klass Object.
   set_vtable_length(Universe::base_vtable_size());
@@ -118,7 +143,16 @@ void ArrayKlass::complete_create_array_klass(ArrayKlass* k, Klass* super_klass,
   assert((module_entry != nullptr) || ((module_entry == nullptr) && !ModuleEntryTable::javabase_defined()),
          "module entry not available post " JAVA_BASE_NAME " definition");
   oop module_oop = (module_entry != nullptr) ? module_entry->module_oop() : (oop)nullptr;
-  java_lang_Class::create_mirror(k, Handle(THREAD, k->class_loader()), Handle(THREAD, module_oop), Handle(), Handle(), CHECK);
+
+  if (k->is_refined_objArray_klass()) {
+    assert(super_klass != nullptr, "Must be");
+    assert(k->super() != nullptr, "Must be");
+    assert(k->super() == super_klass, "Must be");
+    Handle mirror(THREAD, super_klass->java_mirror());
+    k->set_java_mirror(mirror);
+  } else {
+    java_lang_Class::create_mirror(k, Handle(THREAD, k->class_loader()), Handle(THREAD, module_oop), Handle(), Handle(), CHECK);
+  }
 }
 
 ArrayKlass* ArrayKlass::array_klass(int n, TRAPS) {
@@ -184,6 +218,24 @@ GrowableArray<Klass*>* ArrayKlass::compute_secondary_supers(int num_extra_slots,
   return nullptr;
 }
 
+oop ArrayKlass::component_mirror() const {
+  return java_lang_Class::component_mirror(java_mirror());
+}
+
+ArrayProperties ArrayKlass::array_properties_from_layout(LayoutKind lk) {
+  switch(lk) {
+    case LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+      return ArrayProperties::Default().with_null_restricted();
+    case LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+      return ArrayProperties::Default().with_null_restricted().with_non_atomic();
+    case LayoutKind::NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+      return ArrayProperties::Default();
+    default:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+      return ArrayProperties::Default();
+  }
+}
+
 // JVMTI support
 
 jint ArrayKlass::jvmti_class_status() const {
@@ -223,7 +275,7 @@ void ArrayKlass::restore_unshareable_info(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, Handle p
   // Klass recreates the component mirror also
 
   if (_higher_dimension != nullptr) {
-    ArrayKlass *ak = higher_dimension();
+    ObjArrayKlass *ak = higher_dimension();
     log_array_class_load(ak);
     ak->restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, protection_domain, CHECK);
   }
@@ -283,6 +335,7 @@ void ArrayKlass::verify_on(outputStream* st) {
 }
 
 void ArrayKlass::oop_verify_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) {
+  Klass::oop_verify_on(obj, st);
   guarantee(obj->is_array(), "must be array");
   arrayOop a = arrayOop(obj);
   guarantee(a->length() >= 0, "array with negative length?");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/arrayKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/arrayKlass.hpp
index 738387c57b4..7144818246e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/arrayKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/arrayKlass.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,7 +25,9 @@
 #ifndef SHARE_OOPS_ARRAYKLASS_HPP
 #define SHARE_OOPS_ARRAYKLASS_HPP
 
+#include "oops/arrayProperties.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.hpp"
+#include "oops/layoutKind.hpp"
 
 class fieldDescriptor;
 class klassVtable;
@@ -35,18 +37,24 @@ class ObjArrayKlass;
 
 class ArrayKlass: public Klass {
   friend class VMStructs;
+
+ public:
+  static ArrayProperties array_properties_from_layout(LayoutKind lk);
+
  private:
   // If you add a new field that points to any metaspace object, you
   // must add this field to ArrayKlass::metaspace_pointers_do().
-  const int               _dimension;         // This is n'th-dimensional array.
+  int                     _dimension;         // This is n'th-dimensional array.
   ObjArrayKlass* volatile _higher_dimension;  // Refers the (n+1)'th-dimensional array (if present).
   ArrayKlass* volatile    _lower_dimension;   // Refers the (n-1)'th-dimensional array (if present).
 
+  const ArrayProperties   _properties;
+
  protected:
   // Constructors
   // The constructor with the Symbol argument does the real array
   // initialization, the other is a dummy
-  ArrayKlass(int n, Symbol* name, KlassKind kind);
+  ArrayKlass(int n, Symbol* name, KlassKind kind, ArrayProperties props);
   ArrayKlass();
 
  public:
@@ -64,6 +72,9 @@ class ArrayKlass: public Klass {
   // Instance variables
   int dimension() const                 { return _dimension;      }
 
+  ArrayProperties properties() const    { return _properties; }
+  static ByteSize properties_offset()   { return byte_offset_of(ArrayKlass, _properties); }
+
   ObjArrayKlass* higher_dimension() const     { return _higher_dimension; }
   inline ObjArrayKlass* higher_dimension_acquire() const; // load with acquire semantics
   void set_higher_dimension(ObjArrayKlass* k) { _higher_dimension = k; }
@@ -106,6 +117,8 @@ class ArrayKlass: public Klass {
   GrowableArray<Klass*>* compute_secondary_supers(int num_extra_slots,
                                                   Array<InstanceKlass*>* transitive_interfaces) override;
 
+  oop component_mirror() const;
+
   // Sizing
   static int static_size(int header_size);
 
@@ -138,4 +151,23 @@ class ArrayKlass: public Klass {
   void oop_verify_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) override;
 };
 
+class ArrayDescription : public StackObj {
+public:
+  Klass::KlassKind _kind;
+  ArrayProperties  _properties;
+  LayoutKind       _layout_kind;
+
+  ArrayDescription(Klass::KlassKind k, ArrayProperties p, LayoutKind lk) {
+    _kind = k;
+    _layout_kind = lk;
+    assert(lk == LayoutKind::REFERENCE || k != Klass::KlassKind::RefArrayKlassKind, "Sanity check");
+    assert(lk != LayoutKind::UNKNOWN, "Sanity check");
+
+    // Atomicity depends on the layout kind, which might be different than what
+    // the given properties says
+    const bool non_atomic = lk != LayoutKind::REFERENCE && !LayoutKindHelper::is_atomic_flat(lk);
+    _properties = p.with_non_atomic(non_atomic);
+  }
+ };
+
 #endif // SHARE_OOPS_ARRAYKLASS_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/arrayOop.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/arrayOop.hpp
index 836a1b9250d..1d30160c939 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/arrayOop.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/arrayOop.hpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #define SHARE_OOPS_ARRAYOOP_HPP
 
 #include "oops/oop.hpp"
+#include "runtime/globals.hpp"
 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 
@@ -55,6 +56,9 @@ class arrayOopDesc : public oopDesc {
 
   // Given a type, return true if elements of that type must be aligned to 64-bit.
   static bool element_type_should_be_aligned(BasicType type) {
+    if (type == T_FLAT_ELEMENT) {
+      return true; //CMH: tighten the alignment when removing T_FLAT_ELEMENT
+    }
 #ifdef _LP64
     if (type == T_OBJECT || type == T_ARRAY) {
       return !UseCompressedOops;
@@ -131,6 +135,7 @@ class arrayOopDesc : public oopDesc {
   // 32 bit platforms when we convert it to a byte size.
   static int32_t max_array_length(BasicType type) {
     assert(type < T_CONFLICT, "wrong type");
+    assert(type != T_FLAT_ELEMENT, "wrong type");
     assert(type2aelembytes(type) != 0, "wrong type");
 
     int hdr_size_in_bytes = base_offset_in_bytes(type);
@@ -151,6 +156,7 @@ class arrayOopDesc : public oopDesc {
     return (int32_t)max_elements_per_size_t;
   }
 
+  inline bool is_null_free_array() const;
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_OOPS_ARRAYOOP_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/arrayOop.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/arrayOop.inline.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..452c11714c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/arrayOop.inline.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_OOPS_ARRAYOOP_INLINE_HPP
+#define SHARE_OOPS_ARRAYOOP_INLINE_HPP
+
+#include "oops/arrayOop.hpp"
+
+#include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+
+bool arrayOopDesc::is_null_free_array() const {
+  return klass()->is_null_free_array_klass();
+}
+
+#endif // SHARE_OOPS_ARRAYOOP_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/arrayProperties.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/arrayProperties.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6e495371ef7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/arrayProperties.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_OOPS_ARRAYPROPERTIES_HPP
+#define SHARE_OOPS_ARRAYPROPERTIES_HPP
+
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
+#include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
+
+class ArrayProperties {
+public:
+  // This type is mirrored in the compiler so we need to be careful changing it
+  typedef uint32_t Type;
+
+private:
+  Type _flags;
+
+  enum class Property : Type {
+    NullRestricted = 1 << 0,
+    NonAtomic      = 1 << 1,
+    Invalid        = 1 << 2, // This needs to be last for asserts
+  };
+
+  ArrayProperties with_property(Property prop, bool enabled = true) const {
+    return enabled
+        ? ArrayProperties(_flags | static_cast<Type>(prop))
+        : ArrayProperties(_flags &~ static_cast<Type>(prop));
+  }
+
+  bool check_flag(Property prop) const { return (_flags & static_cast<Type>(prop)) != 0; }
+
+public:
+  explicit ArrayProperties(Type flags = 0) : _flags(flags) {
+    assert((flags & ~((Type(Property::Invalid) << 1) - 1)) == 0, "invalid flags set");
+  }
+
+  static ArrayProperties Default() { return ArrayProperties(); }
+  static ArrayProperties Invalid() { return ArrayProperties().with_property(Property::Invalid, true); }
+
+  ArrayProperties with_null_restricted(bool b = true) const { return with_property(Property::NullRestricted, b); }
+  ArrayProperties with_non_atomic(bool b = true) const { return with_property(Property::NonAtomic, b); }
+
+  bool is_null_restricted() const { return check_flag(Property::NullRestricted); }
+  bool is_non_atomic() const { return check_flag(Property::NonAtomic); }
+  bool is_invalid() const { return check_flag(Property::Invalid); }
+  bool is_valid() const { return !check_flag(Property::Invalid); }
+
+  Type value() const { return _flags; }
+
+  const char* as_string() {
+    // Caller must have set a ResourceMark
+    stringStream ss;
+    if (is_invalid()) {
+      return "INVALID";
+    } else {
+      ss.print("%s", is_null_restricted() ? "NULL_RESTRICTED " : "NULLABLE ");
+      ss.print("%s", is_non_atomic() ? "NON_ATOMIC " : "ATOMIC ");
+    }
+    return ss.as_string();
+  }
+};
+
+inline bool operator==(ArrayProperties a, ArrayProperties b) {
+  return a.value() == b.value();
+}
+
+inline bool operator!=(ArrayProperties a, ArrayProperties b) {
+  return !(a == b);
+}
+
+#endif // SHARE_OOPS_ARRAYPROPERTIES_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/constMethodFlags.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/constMethodFlags.hpp
index 765890757ef..0a6851d5cc2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/constMethodFlags.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/constMethodFlags.hpp
@@ -59,7 +59,11 @@ class ConstMethodFlags {
    flag(jvmti_mount_transition    , 1 << 18) \
    flag(deprecated                , 1 << 19) \
    flag(deprecated_for_removal    , 1 << 20) \
-   flag(jvmti_hide_events         , 1 << 21) \
+   flag(has_scalarized_args       , 1 << 21) \
+   flag(c1_needs_stack_repair     , 1 << 22) \
+   flag(c2_needs_stack_repair     , 1 << 23) \
+   flag(mismatch                  , 1 << 24) \
+   flag(jvmti_hide_events         , 1 << 25) \
    /* end of list */
 
 #define CM_FLAGS_ENUM_NAME(name, value)    _misc_##name = value,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.cpp
index b3ff0eb1b76..861b97e7000 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.cpp
@@ -52,11 +52,14 @@
 #include "oops/constantPool.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/cpCache.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/refArrayOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
 #include "runtime/atomicAccess.hpp"
@@ -166,13 +169,13 @@ void ConstantPool::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
   }
 }
 
-objArrayOop ConstantPool::resolved_references() const {
+refArrayOop ConstantPool::resolved_references() const {
   return _cache->resolved_references();
 }
 
 // Called from outside constant pool resolution where a resolved_reference array
 // may not be present.
-objArrayOop ConstantPool::resolved_references_or_null() const {
+refArrayOop ConstantPool::resolved_references_or_null() const {
   if (_cache == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   } else {
@@ -189,7 +192,7 @@ oop ConstantPool::resolved_reference_at(int index) const {
 // Use a CAS for multithreaded access
 oop ConstantPool::set_resolved_reference_at(int index, oop new_result) {
   assert(oopDesc::is_oop_or_null(new_result), "Must be oop");
-  return resolved_references()->replace_if_null(index, new_result);
+  return oop_cast<refArrayOop>(resolved_references())->replace_if_null(index, new_result);
 }
 
 // Create resolved_references array and mapping array for original cp indexes
@@ -220,14 +223,14 @@ void ConstantPool::initialize_resolved_references(ClassLoaderData* loader_data,
 
     // Create Java array for holding resolved strings, methodHandles,
     // methodTypes, invokedynamic and invokehandle appendix objects, etc.
-    objArrayOop stom = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::Object_klass(), map_length, CHECK);
+    refArrayOop stom = oopFactory::new_refArray(vmClasses::Object_klass(), map_length, CHECK);
     HandleMark hm(THREAD);
     Handle refs_handle (THREAD, stom);  // must handleize.
     set_resolved_references(loader_data->add_handle(refs_handle));
 
     // Create a "scratch" copy of the resolved references array to archive
     if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap()) {
-      objArrayOop scratch_references = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::Object_klass(), map_length, CHECK);
+      refArrayOop scratch_references = oopFactory::new_refArray(vmClasses::Object_klass(), map_length, CHECK);
       HeapShared::add_scratch_resolved_references(this, scratch_references);
     }
   }
@@ -260,7 +263,7 @@ void ConstantPool::initialize_unresolved_klasses(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, T
     case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
-      // All of these should have been reverted back to ClassIndex before calling
+      // All of these should have been reverted back to Unresolved before calling
       // this function.
       ShouldNotReachHere();
 #endif
@@ -324,7 +327,7 @@ void ConstantPool::iterate_archivable_resolved_references(Function function) {
 
 // Returns the _resolved_reference array after removing unarchivable items from it.
 // Returns null if this class is not supported, or _resolved_reference doesn't exist.
-objArrayOop ConstantPool::prepare_resolved_references_for_archiving() {
+refArrayOop ConstantPool::prepare_resolved_references_for_archiving() {
   if (_cache == nullptr) {
     return nullptr; // nothing to do
   }
@@ -336,7 +339,7 @@ objArrayOop ConstantPool::prepare_resolved_references_for_archiving() {
     return nullptr;
   }
 
-  objArrayOop rr = resolved_references();
+  refArrayOop rr = resolved_references();
   if (rr != nullptr) {
     ResourceMark rm;
     int rr_len = rr->length();
@@ -346,7 +349,7 @@ objArrayOop ConstantPool::prepare_resolved_references_for_archiving() {
       keep_resolved_refs.at_put(rr_index, true);
     });
 
-    objArrayOop scratch_rr = HeapShared::scratch_resolved_references(this);
+    refArrayOop scratch_rr = HeapShared::scratch_resolved_references(this);
     Array<u2>* ref_map = reference_map();
     int ref_map_len = ref_map == nullptr ? 0 : ref_map->length();
     for (int i = 0; i < rr_len; i++) {
@@ -477,6 +480,7 @@ static const char* get_type(Klass* k) {
   if (src_k->is_objArray_klass()) {
     src_k = ObjArrayKlass::cast(src_k)->bottom_klass();
     assert(!src_k->is_objArray_klass(), "sanity");
+    assert(src_k->is_instance_klass() || src_k->is_typeArray_klass(), "Sanity check");
   }
 
   if (src_k->is_typeArray_klass()) {
@@ -676,6 +680,14 @@ Klass* ConstantPool::klass_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int cp_ind
     verify_constant_pool_resolve(this_cp, k, THREAD);
   }
 
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  if (!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION && k->is_objArray_klass()) {
+    Klass* bottom_klass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(k)->bottom_klass();
+    assert(bottom_klass != nullptr, "Should be set");
+    assert(bottom_klass->is_instance_klass() || bottom_klass->is_typeArray_klass(), "Sanity check");
+  }
+#endif
+
   // Failed to resolve class. We must record the errors so that subsequent attempts
   // to resolve this constant pool entry fail with the same error (JVMS 5.4.3).
   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
@@ -1343,7 +1355,7 @@ oop ConstantPool::uncached_string_at(int cp_index, TRAPS) {
 
 void ConstantPool::copy_bootstrap_arguments_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int cp_index,
                                                     int start_arg, int end_arg,
-                                                    objArrayHandle info, int pos,
+                                                    refArrayHandle info, int pos,
                                                     bool must_resolve, Handle if_not_available,
                                                     TRAPS) {
   int limit = pos + end_arg - start_arg;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.hpp
index 97dc91aaeac..824ec6409eb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.hpp
@@ -244,8 +244,8 @@ class ConstantPool : public Metadata {
                                       TRAPS);
 
   // resolved strings, methodHandles and callsite objects from the constant pool
-  objArrayOop resolved_references()  const;
-  objArrayOop resolved_references_or_null()  const;
+  refArrayOop resolved_references()  const;
+  refArrayOop resolved_references_or_null()  const;
   oop resolved_reference_at(int obj_index) const;
   oop set_resolved_reference_at(int index, oop new_value);
 
@@ -603,7 +603,7 @@ class ConstantPool : public Metadata {
 
 #if INCLUDE_CDS
   // CDS support
-  objArrayOop prepare_resolved_references_for_archiving() NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN_(nullptr);
+  refArrayOop prepare_resolved_references_for_archiving() NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN_(nullptr);
   void remove_unshareable_info();
   void restore_unshareable_info(TRAPS);
 private:
@@ -644,7 +644,7 @@ class ConstantPool : public Metadata {
 
   void copy_bootstrap_arguments_at(int cp_index,
                                    int start_arg, int end_arg,
-                                   objArrayHandle info, int pos,
+                                   refArrayHandle info, int pos,
                                    bool must_resolve, Handle if_not_available, TRAPS) {
     constantPoolHandle h_this(THREAD, this);
     copy_bootstrap_arguments_at_impl(h_this, cp_index, start_arg, end_arg,
@@ -743,7 +743,7 @@ class ConstantPool : public Metadata {
                                       bool* status_return, TRAPS);
   static void copy_bootstrap_arguments_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int cp_index,
                                                int start_arg, int end_arg,
-                                               objArrayHandle info, int pos,
+                                               refArrayHandle info, int pos,
                                                bool must_resolve, Handle if_not_available, TRAPS);
 
   // Exception handling
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/cpCache.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/cpCache.cpp
index edb5f6714c0..f8cf1cc6aad 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/cpCache.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/cpCache.cpp
@@ -211,6 +211,7 @@ void ConstantPoolCache::set_direct_or_vtable_call(Bytecodes::Code invoke_code,
       //
       // We set bytecode_2() to _invokevirtual.
       // See also interpreterRuntime.cpp. (8/25/2000)
+      invoke_code = Bytecodes::_invokevirtual;
     } else {
       assert(invoke_code == Bytecodes::_invokevirtual ||
              (invoke_code == Bytecodes::_invokeinterface &&
@@ -226,7 +227,7 @@ void ConstantPoolCache::set_direct_or_vtable_call(Bytecodes::Code invoke_code,
       }
     }
     // set up for invokevirtual, even if linking for invokeinterface also:
-    method_entry->set_bytecode2(Bytecodes::_invokevirtual);
+    method_entry->set_bytecode2(invoke_code);
   } else {
     ShouldNotReachHere();
   }
@@ -276,7 +277,7 @@ ResolvedMethodEntry* ConstantPoolCache::set_method_handle(int method_index, cons
   Bytecodes::Code invoke_code = Bytecodes::_invokehandle;
 
   JavaThread* current = JavaThread::current();
-  objArrayHandle resolved_references(current, constant_pool()->resolved_references());
+  refArrayHandle resolved_references(current, constant_pool()->resolved_references());
   // Use the resolved_references() lock for this cpCache entry.
   // resolved_references are created for all classes with Invokedynamic, MethodHandle
   // or MethodType constant pool cache entries.
@@ -793,7 +794,7 @@ oop ConstantPoolCache::set_dynamic_call(const CallInfo &call_info, int index) {
   JavaThread* current = JavaThread::current();
   constantPoolHandle cp(current, constant_pool());
 
-  objArrayHandle resolved_references(current, cp->resolved_references());
+  refArrayHandle resolved_references(current, cp->resolved_references());
   assert(resolved_references() != nullptr,
          "a resolved_references array should have been created for this class");
   ObjectLocker ol(resolved_references, current);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/cpCache.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/cpCache.hpp
index f698f50d3a8..1a331e703b4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/cpCache.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/cpCache.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ class ConstantPoolCache: public MetaspaceObj {
   void clear_archived_references() NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN;
   CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(int archived_references_index() { return _archived_references_index; })
 
-  inline objArrayOop resolved_references();
+  inline refArrayOop resolved_references();
   void set_resolved_references(OopHandle s) { _resolved_references = s; }
   Array<u2>* reference_map() const        { return _reference_map; }
   void set_reference_map(Array<u2>* o)    { _reference_map = o; }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/cpCache.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/cpCache.inline.hpp
index dce433bc592..fad5931ba18 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/cpCache.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/cpCache.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
 #include "oops/cpCache.hpp"
 
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oopHandle.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/resolvedFieldEntry.hpp"
 #include "oops/resolvedIndyEntry.hpp"
@@ -46,10 +47,10 @@ inline ConstantPoolCache::ConstantPoolCache(const intStack& invokedynamic_refere
   CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(_archived_references_index = -1;)
 }
 
-inline objArrayOop ConstantPoolCache::resolved_references() {
+inline refArrayOop ConstantPoolCache::resolved_references() {
   oop obj = _resolved_references.resolve();
-  assert(obj == nullptr || obj->is_objArray(), "should be objArray");
-  return (objArrayOop)obj;
+  assert(obj == nullptr || obj->is_refArray(), "should be refArray");
+  return obj == nullptr ? nullptr : oop_cast<refArrayOop>(obj);
 }
 
 inline ResolvedFieldEntry* ConstantPoolCache::resolved_field_entry_at(int field_index) const {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/fieldInfo.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/fieldInfo.cpp
index 398d2cf5635..c6392c1917a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/fieldInfo.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/fieldInfo.cpp
@@ -115,6 +115,12 @@ Array<u1>* FieldInfoStream::create_FieldInfoStream(GrowableArray<FieldInfo>* fie
     if (fi_ref->field_flags().is_contended()) {
       assert(fi_ref->contended_group() == fi.contended_group(), "Must be");
     }
+    if (fi_ref->field_flags().is_flat()) {
+      assert(fi_ref->layout_kind() == fi.layout_kind(), "Must be");
+    }
+    if (fi_ref->field_flags().has_null_marker()) {
+      assert(fi_ref->null_marker_offset() == fi.null_marker_offset(), "Must be");
+    }
   }
 #endif // ASSERT
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/fieldInfo.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/fieldInfo.hpp
index b6330e77f72..7227e104e9c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/fieldInfo.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/fieldInfo.hpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #define SHARE_OOPS_FIELDINFO_HPP
 
 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
+#include "oops/layoutKind.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.hpp"
 #include "utilities/accessFlags.hpp"
 #include "utilities/unsigned5.hpp"
@@ -66,16 +67,20 @@ class FieldInfo {
 
   class FieldFlags {
     friend class VMStructs;
+    friend class FieldDesc;
 
     // The ordering of this enum is totally internal.  More frequent
     // flags should come earlier than less frequent ones, because
     // earlier ones compress better.
     enum FieldFlagBitPosition {
+      _ff_null_free_inline_type,  // field's type is an inline type and the field is null free
+      _ff_flat,         // field is a flat field, optional section includes a layout kind
+      _ff_null_marker,  // field has a null marker, optional section includes the null marker offset
       _ff_initialized,  // has ConstantValue initializer attribute
       _ff_injected,     // internal field injected by the JVM
       _ff_generic,      // has a generic signature
       _ff_stable,       // trust as stable b/c declared as @Stable
-      _ff_contended,    // is contended, may have contention-group
+      _ff_contended    // is contended, may have contention-group
     };
 
     // Some but not all of the flag bits signal the presence of an
@@ -83,7 +88,9 @@ class FieldInfo {
     static const u4 _optional_item_bit_mask =
       flag_mask((int)_ff_initialized) |
       flag_mask((int)_ff_generic)     |
-      flag_mask((int)_ff_contended);
+      flag_mask((int)_ff_contended)   |
+      flag_mask((int)_ff_flat)        |
+      flag_mask((int)_ff_null_marker);
 
     // boilerplate:
     u4 _flags;
@@ -106,16 +113,22 @@ class FieldInfo {
     }
 
     bool is_initialized() const     { return test_flag(_ff_initialized); }
+    bool is_null_free_inline_type() const { return test_flag(_ff_null_free_inline_type); }
+    bool is_flat() const            { return test_flag(_ff_flat); }
     bool is_injected() const        { return test_flag(_ff_injected); }
     bool is_generic() const         { return test_flag(_ff_generic); }
     bool is_stable() const          { return test_flag(_ff_stable); }
     bool is_contended() const       { return test_flag(_ff_contended); }
+    bool has_null_marker() const    { return test_flag(_ff_null_marker); }
 
     void update_initialized(bool z) { update_flag(_ff_initialized, z); }
+    void update_null_free_inline_type(bool z) { update_flag(_ff_null_free_inline_type, z); }
+    void update_flat(bool z)        { update_flag(_ff_flat, z); }
     void update_injected(bool z)    { update_flag(_ff_injected, z); }
     void update_generic(bool z)     { update_flag(_ff_generic, z); }
     void update_stable(bool z)      { update_flag(_ff_stable, z); }
     void update_contended(bool z)   { update_flag(_ff_contended, z); }
+    void update_null_marker(bool z) { update_flag(_ff_null_marker, z); }
   };
 
  private:
@@ -131,6 +144,8 @@ class FieldInfo {
   u4 _offset;                   // offset in object layout
   AccessFlags _access_flags;    // access flags (JVM spec)
   FieldFlags _field_flags;      // VM defined flags (not JVM spec)
+  LayoutKind _layout_kind;      // LayoutKind if the field is flat
+  u4 _null_marker_offset;       // null marker offset for this field in the object layout
   u2 _initializer_index;        // index from ConstantValue attr (or 0)
   u2 _generic_signature_index;  // index from GenericSignature attr (or 0)
   u2 _contention_group;         // index from @Contended group item (or 0)
@@ -143,6 +158,8 @@ class FieldInfo {
                 _offset(0),
                 _access_flags(AccessFlags(0)),
                 _field_flags(FieldFlags(0)),
+                _layout_kind(LayoutKind::UNKNOWN),
+                _null_marker_offset(0),
                 _initializer_index(0),
                 _generic_signature_index(0),
                 _contention_group(0) { }
@@ -154,6 +171,8 @@ class FieldInfo {
             _offset(0),
             _access_flags(access_flags),
             _field_flags(fflags),
+            _layout_kind(LayoutKind::UNKNOWN),
+            _null_marker_offset(0),
             _initializer_index(initval_index),
             _generic_signature_index(0),
             _contention_group(0) {
@@ -173,6 +192,16 @@ class FieldInfo {
   AccessFlags access_flags() const           { return _access_flags; }
   FieldFlags field_flags() const             { return _field_flags; }
   FieldFlags* field_flags_addr()             { return &_field_flags; }
+  LayoutKind layout_kind() const             { return _layout_kind; }
+  void set_layout_kind(LayoutKind lk) {
+    assert(_field_flags.is_flat(), "Must be");
+    _layout_kind = lk;
+  }
+  u4 null_marker_offset() const              { return _null_marker_offset; }
+  void set_null_marker_offset(u4 offset) {
+    _field_flags.update_null_marker(true);
+    _null_marker_offset = offset;
+  }
   u2 initializer_index() const               { return _initializer_index; }
   void set_initializer_index(u2 index)       { _initializer_index = index; }
   u2 generic_signature_index() const         { return _generic_signature_index; }
@@ -296,6 +325,8 @@ class FieldStatus {
   enum FieldStatusBitPosition {
     _fs_access_watched,       // field access is watched by JVMTI
     _fs_modification_watched, // field modification is watched by JVMTI
+    _fs_strict_static_unset,  // JVM_ACC_STRICT_INIT static field has not yet been set
+    _fs_strict_static_unread, // SS field has not yet been read
     _initialized_final_update // (static) final field updated outside (class) initializer
   };
 
@@ -314,12 +345,16 @@ class FieldStatus {
   FieldStatus(u1 flags) { _flags = flags; }
   u1 as_uint() { return _flags; }
 
-  bool is_access_watched()        { return test_flag(_fs_access_watched); }
-  bool is_modification_watched()  { return test_flag(_fs_modification_watched); }
+  bool is_access_watched()           { return test_flag(_fs_access_watched); }
+  bool is_modification_watched()     { return test_flag(_fs_modification_watched); }
+  bool is_strict_static_unset()      { return test_flag(_fs_strict_static_unset); }
+  bool is_strict_static_unread()     { return test_flag(_fs_strict_static_unread); }
   bool is_initialized_final_update() { return test_flag(_initialized_final_update); }
 
   void update_access_watched(bool z);
   void update_modification_watched(bool z);
+  void update_strict_static_unset(bool z);
+  void update_strict_static_unread(bool z);
   void update_initialized_final_update(bool z);
 };
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/fieldInfo.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/fieldInfo.inline.hpp
index 57a1a3607d7..648e8c3f6c8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/fieldInfo.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/fieldInfo.inline.hpp
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 
 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
 #include "oops/constantPool.hpp"
+#include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/symbol.hpp"
 #include "runtime/atomicAccess.hpp"
 #include "utilities/checkedCast.hpp"
@@ -96,10 +97,19 @@ inline void Mapper<CON>::map_field_info(const FieldInfo& fi) {
     if (fi.field_flags().is_contended()) {
       _consumer->accept_uint(fi.contention_group());
     }
+    if (fi.field_flags().is_flat()) {
+      assert(fi.layout_kind() != LayoutKind::UNKNOWN, "Must be set");
+      assert(fi.layout_kind() != LayoutKind::BUFFERED, "Sanity check");
+      _consumer->accept_uint((uint32_t)fi.layout_kind());
+    }
+    if (fi.field_flags().has_null_marker()) {
+      _consumer->accept_uint(fi.null_marker_offset());
+    }
   } else {
     assert(fi.initializer_index() == 0, "");
     assert(fi.generic_signature_index() == 0, "");
     assert(fi.contention_group() == 0, "");
+    assert(fi.null_marker_offset() == 0, "");
   }
 }
 
@@ -139,6 +149,14 @@ inline void FieldInfoReader::read_field_info(FieldInfo& fi) {
   } else {
     fi._contention_group = 0;
   }
+  if (fi._field_flags.is_flat()) {
+    fi._layout_kind = static_cast<LayoutKind>(next_uint());
+  }
+  if (fi._field_flags.has_null_marker()) {
+    fi._null_marker_offset = next_uint();
+  } else {
+    fi._null_marker_offset = 0;
+  }
 }
 
 inline FieldInfoReader&  FieldInfoReader::skip_field_info() {
@@ -149,7 +167,9 @@ inline FieldInfoReader&  FieldInfoReader::skip_field_info() {
   if (ff.has_any_optionals()) {
     const int init_gen_cont = (ff.is_initialized() +
                                 ff.is_generic() +
-                                ff.is_contended());
+                                ff.is_contended() +
+                                ff.is_flat() +
+                                ff.has_null_marker());
     skip(init_gen_cont);  // up to three items
   }
   return *this;
@@ -185,8 +205,10 @@ inline void FieldStatus::update_flag(FieldStatusBitPosition pos, bool z) {
   else atomic_clear_bits(_flags, flag_mask(pos));
 }
 
-inline void FieldStatus::update_access_watched(bool z) { update_flag(_fs_access_watched, z); }
-inline void FieldStatus::update_modification_watched(bool z) { update_flag(_fs_modification_watched, z); }
+inline void FieldStatus::update_access_watched(bool z)           { update_flag(_fs_access_watched, z); }
+inline void FieldStatus::update_modification_watched(bool z)     { update_flag(_fs_modification_watched, z); }
+inline void FieldStatus::update_strict_static_unset(bool z)      { update_flag(_fs_strict_static_unset, z); }
+inline void FieldStatus::update_strict_static_unread(bool z)     { update_flag(_fs_strict_static_unread, z); }
 inline void FieldStatus::update_initialized_final_update(bool z) { update_flag(_initialized_final_update, z); }
 
 #endif // SHARE_OOPS_FIELDINFO_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/fieldStreams.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/fieldStreams.hpp
index ac18ac6c17f..fefcdfbae3e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/fieldStreams.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/fieldStreams.hpp
@@ -118,6 +118,14 @@ class FieldStreamBase : public StackObj {
     return field()->offset();
   }
 
+  bool is_null_free_inline_type() {
+    return field()->field_flags().is_null_free_inline_type();
+  }
+
+  bool is_flat() const {
+    return field()->field_flags().is_flat();
+  }
+
   bool is_contended() const {
     return field()->is_contended();
   }
@@ -126,6 +134,10 @@ class FieldStreamBase : public StackObj {
     return field()->contended_group();
   }
 
+  int null_marker_offset() const {
+    return field()->null_marker_offset();
+  }
+
   // Convenient methods
 
   const FieldInfo& to_FieldInfo() const {
@@ -193,9 +205,86 @@ class AllFieldStream : public FieldStreamBase {
   AllFieldStream(const InstanceKlass* k):      FieldStreamBase(k->fieldinfo_stream(), k->constants()) {}
 };
 
-// Iterate over fields including the ones declared in supertypes
+// Very generally, a base class for a stream adapter, a subclass just implements
+// current_stream that returns a FieldStreamType, and this adapter takes care of providing
+// the methods of FieldStreamBase.
+//
+// In practice, this is used to provide a stream over the fields of a class and its superclasses
+// and interfaces. The subclass of HierarchicalFieldStreamBase decides in which order we iterate
+// on the superclasses (and interfaces), and the template parameter FieldStreamType is the underlying
+// stream we use to iterate over the fields each class. Methods such as done and next are still up to
+// the subclasses, allowing them to iterate over the class hierarchy, but also skip elements that
+// the underlying FieldStreamType would otherwise include.
+
+template<typename FieldStreamType>
+class HierarchicalFieldStreamBase : public StackObj {
+  virtual FieldStreamType& current_stream() = 0;
+  virtual const FieldStreamType& current_stream() const = 0;
+
+public:
+  // bridge functions from FieldStreamBase
+  int index() const {
+    return current_stream().index();
+  }
+
+  AccessFlags access_flags() const {
+    return current_stream().access_flags();
+  }
+
+  FieldInfo::FieldFlags field_flags() const {
+    return current_stream().field_flags();
+  }
+
+  Symbol* name() const {
+    return current_stream().name();
+  }
+
+  Symbol* signature() const {
+    return current_stream().signature();
+  }
+
+  Symbol* generic_signature() const {
+    return current_stream().generic_signature();
+  }
+
+  int offset() const {
+    return current_stream().offset();
+  }
+
+  bool is_contended() const {
+    return current_stream().is_contended();
+  }
+
+  int contended_group() const {
+    return current_stream().contended_group();
+  }
+
+  FieldInfo to_FieldInfo() {
+    return current_stream().to_FieldInfo();
+  }
+
+  fieldDescriptor& field_descriptor() const {
+    return current_stream().field_descriptor();
+  }
+
+  bool is_flat() const {
+    return current_stream().is_flat();
+  }
+
+  bool is_null_free_inline_type() {
+    return current_stream().is_null_free_inline_type();
+  }
+
+  int null_marker_offset() {
+    return current_stream().null_marker_offset();
+  }
+};
+
+// Iterate over fields including the ones declared in supertypes.
+// Subclasses are traversed before base classes, and interfaces
+// at the end.
 template<typename FieldStreamType>
-class HierarchicalFieldStream : public StackObj  {
+class HierarchicalFieldStream final : public HierarchicalFieldStreamBase<FieldStreamType>  {
  private:
   const Array<InstanceKlass*>* _interfaces;
   InstanceKlass* _next_klass; // null indicates no more type to visit
@@ -233,8 +322,11 @@ class HierarchicalFieldStream : public StackObj  {
     }
   }
 
+  FieldStreamType& current_stream() override { return _current_stream; }
+  const FieldStreamType& current_stream() const override { return _current_stream; }
+
  public:
-  HierarchicalFieldStream(InstanceKlass* klass) :
+  explicit HierarchicalFieldStream(InstanceKlass* klass) :
     _interfaces(klass->transitive_interfaces()),
     _next_klass(klass),
     _current_stream(FieldStreamType(klass)),
@@ -248,49 +340,67 @@ class HierarchicalFieldStream : public StackObj  {
   }
 
   bool done() const { return _next_klass == nullptr && _current_stream.done(); }
+};
 
-  // bridge functions from FieldStreamBase
-
-  AccessFlags access_flags() const {
-    return _current_stream.access_flags();
-  }
-
-  FieldInfo::FieldFlags field_flags() const {
-    return _current_stream.field_flags();
-  }
-
-  Symbol* name() const {
-    return _current_stream.name();
-  }
-
-  Symbol* signature() const {
-    return _current_stream.signature();
+// Iterates on the fields of a class and its super-class top-down (java.lang.Object first)
+// Doesn't traverse interfaces for now, because it's not clear which order would make sense
+// Let's decide when or if the need arises. Since we are not traversing interfaces, we
+// wouldn't get all the static fields, and since the current use-case of this stream does not
+// care about static fields, we restrict it to regular non-static fields.
+
+class TopDownHierarchicalNonStaticFieldStreamBase final : public HierarchicalFieldStreamBase<JavaFieldStream> {
+  GrowableArray<InstanceKlass*>* _super_types;  // Self and super type, bottom up
+  int _current_stream_index;
+  JavaFieldStream _current_stream;
+
+  void next_stream_if_needed() {
+    precond(_current_stream_index >= 0);
+    while (_current_stream.done()) {
+      _current_stream_index--;
+      if (_current_stream_index < 0) {
+        return;
+      }
+      _current_stream = JavaFieldStream(_super_types->at(_current_stream_index));
+    }
   }
 
-  Symbol* generic_signature() const {
-    return _current_stream.generic_signature();
+  GrowableArray<InstanceKlass*>* get_super_types(InstanceKlass* klass) {
+    auto super_types = new GrowableArray<InstanceKlass*>();
+    do {
+      super_types->push(klass);
+    } while ((klass = klass->java_super()) != nullptr);
+    return super_types;
   }
 
-  int offset() const {
-    return _current_stream.offset();
+  void raw_next() {
+    _current_stream.next();
+    next_stream_if_needed();
   }
 
-  bool is_contended() const {
-    return _current_stream.is_contended();
+  void closest_nonstatic() {
+    while (!done() && access_flags().is_static()) {
+      raw_next();
+    }
   }
 
-  int contended_group() const {
-    return _current_stream.contended_group();
-  }
+  JavaFieldStream& current_stream() override { return _current_stream; }
+  const JavaFieldStream& current_stream() const override { return _current_stream; }
 
-  FieldInfo to_FieldInfo() {
-    return _current_stream.to_FieldInfo();
+ public:
+  explicit TopDownHierarchicalNonStaticFieldStreamBase(InstanceKlass* klass) :
+    _super_types(get_super_types(klass)),
+    _current_stream_index(_super_types->length() - 1),
+    _current_stream(JavaFieldStream(_super_types->at(_current_stream_index))) {
+    next_stream_if_needed();
+    closest_nonstatic();
   }
 
-  fieldDescriptor& field_descriptor() const {
-    return _current_stream.field_descriptor();
+  void next() {
+    raw_next();
+    closest_nonstatic();
   }
 
+  bool done() const { return _current_stream_index < 0; }
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_OOPS_FIELDSTREAMS_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b1d99768a75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,464 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
+#include "classfile/packageEntry.hpp"
+#include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
+#include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
+#include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
+#include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
+#include "memory/iterator.inline.hpp"
+#include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
+#include "memory/metaspaceClosure.hpp"
+#include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
+#include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
+#include "memory/universe.hpp"
+#include "oops/access.hpp"
+#include "oops/arrayKlass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/arrayOop.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayOop.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/layoutKind.hpp"
+#include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/valuePayload.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/verifyOopClosure.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
+#include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/mutexLocker.hpp"
+#include "utilities/copy.hpp"
+#include "utilities/macros.hpp"
+
+// Allocation...
+
+FlatArrayKlass::FlatArrayKlass(Klass* element_klass, Symbol* name, ArrayProperties props, LayoutKind lk)
+    : ObjArrayKlass(1, element_klass, name, Kind, props),
+      _layout_kind(lk) {
+  assert(element_klass->is_inline_klass(), "Expected Inline");
+  assert(lk != LayoutKind::NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT, "Layout not supported by arrays yet (needs frozen arrays)");
+  assert(LayoutKindHelper::is_flat(lk), "Must be a flat layout");
+
+  assert(_class_loader_data == element_klass->class_loader_data(), "Sanity check");
+
+  set_layout_helper(array_layout_helper(InlineKlass::cast(element_klass), lk));
+  assert(is_array_klass(), "sanity");
+  assert(is_flatArray_klass(), "sanity");
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  assert(layout_helper_is_array(layout_helper()), "Must be");
+  assert(layout_helper_is_flatArray(layout_helper()), "Must be");
+  assert(layout_helper_element_type(layout_helper()) == T_FLAT_ELEMENT, "Must be");
+  assert(prototype_header().is_flat_array(), "Must be");
+  switch(lk) {
+    case LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+    case LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+      assert(layout_helper_is_null_free(layout_helper()), "Must be");
+      assert(prototype_header().is_null_free_array(), "Must be");
+    break;
+    case LayoutKind::NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+      assert(!layout_helper_is_null_free(layout_helper()), "Must be");
+      assert(!prototype_header().is_null_free_array(), "Must be");
+    break;
+    case LayoutKind::NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+    default:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+    break;
+  }
+#endif // ASSERT
+
+  if (PrintFlatArrayLayout) {
+    print();
+  }
+}
+
+FlatArrayKlass* FlatArrayKlass::allocate_klass(Klass* eklass, ArrayProperties props, LayoutKind lk, TRAPS) {
+  guarantee((!Universe::is_bootstrapping() || vmClasses::Object_klass_is_loaded()), "Too-early construction of a flat array klass");
+  assert(UseArrayFlattening, "Flatten array required");
+  assert(MultiArray_lock->holds_lock(THREAD), "must hold lock after bootstrapping");
+  assert(props.is_null_restricted() || !props.is_non_atomic(),
+         "Nullable non-atomic arrays are unsupported");
+
+  InlineKlass* element_klass = InlineKlass::cast(eklass);
+  // If the array is non-atomic, then the element should be one of the following:
+  // a) naturally atomic, so atomicity relaxation has no impact; or
+  // b) explicitly marked as allowing non-atomicity.
+  assert(!props.is_non_atomic() ||
+         (element_klass->is_naturally_atomic(props.is_null_restricted()) ||
+         !element_klass->must_be_atomic()),
+         "Cannot conform to atomicity requirements");
+
+  // Eagerly allocate the direct array supertype.
+  Klass* super_klass = nullptr;
+  Klass* element_super = element_klass->super();
+  if (element_super != nullptr) {
+    // The element type has a direct super.  E.g., String[] has direct super of Object[].
+    super_klass = element_klass->array_klass(CHECK_NULL);
+  }
+
+  Symbol* name = create_element_klass_array_name(THREAD, element_klass);
+  ClassLoaderData* loader_data = element_klass->class_loader_data();
+  int size = ArrayKlass::static_size(FlatArrayKlass::header_size());
+  FlatArrayKlass* vak = new (loader_data, size, THREAD) FlatArrayKlass(element_klass, name, props, lk);
+
+  ModuleEntry* module = vak->module();
+  assert(module != nullptr, "No module entry for array");
+  complete_create_array_klass(vak, super_klass, module, CHECK_NULL);
+
+  loader_data->add_class(vak);
+
+  return vak;
+}
+
+void FlatArrayKlass::initialize(TRAPS) {
+  element_klass()->initialize(THREAD);
+}
+
+void FlatArrayKlass::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
+  ObjArrayKlass::metaspace_pointers_do(it);
+}
+
+// Oops allocation...
+flatArrayOop FlatArrayKlass::allocate_instance(int length, TRAPS) {
+  assert(UseArrayFlattening, "Must be enabled");
+  check_array_allocation_length(length, max_elements(), CHECK_NULL);
+  int size = flatArrayOopDesc::object_size(layout_helper(), length);
+  oop array = Universe::heap()->array_allocate(this, size, length, true, CHECK_NULL);
+  return oop_cast<flatArrayOop>(array);
+}
+
+oop FlatArrayKlass::multi_allocate(int rank, jint* last_size, TRAPS) {
+  // FlatArrays only have one dimension
+  ShouldNotReachHere();
+}
+
+jint FlatArrayKlass::array_layout_helper(InlineKlass* vk, LayoutKind lk) {
+  BasicType etype = T_FLAT_ELEMENT;
+  int esize = log2i_exact(round_up_power_of_2(vk->layout_size_in_bytes(lk)));
+  int hsize = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(etype);
+  bool null_free = !LayoutKindHelper::is_nullable_flat(lk);
+  int lh = Klass::array_layout_helper(_lh_array_tag_flat_value, null_free, hsize, etype, esize);
+
+  assert(lh < (int)_lh_neutral_value, "must look like an array layout");
+  assert(layout_helper_is_array(lh), "correct kind");
+  assert(layout_helper_is_flatArray(lh), "correct kind");
+  assert(!layout_helper_is_typeArray(lh), "correct kind");
+  assert(layout_helper_is_null_free(lh) == null_free, "correct kind");
+  assert(layout_helper_header_size(lh) == hsize, "correct decode");
+  assert(layout_helper_element_type(lh) == etype, "correct decode");
+  assert(layout_helper_log2_element_size(lh) == esize, "correct decode");
+  assert((1 << esize) < BytesPerLong || is_aligned(hsize, HeapWordsPerLong), "unaligned base");
+
+  return lh;
+}
+
+size_t FlatArrayKlass::oop_size(oop obj) const {
+  // In this assert, we cannot safely access the Klass* with compact headers,
+  // because size_given_klass() calls oop_size() on objects that might be
+  // concurrently forwarded, which would overwrite the Klass*.
+  // Also, why we need to pass this layout_helper() to flatArrayOop::object_size.
+  assert(UseCompactObjectHeaders || obj->is_flatArray(),"must be a flat array");
+  flatArrayOop array = flatArrayOop(obj);
+  return array->object_size(layout_helper());
+}
+
+// For now return the maximum number of array elements that will not exceed:
+// nof bytes = "max_jint * HeapWord" since the "oopDesc::oop_iterate_size"
+// returns "int" HeapWords, need fix for JDK-4718400 and JDK-8233189
+jint FlatArrayKlass::max_elements() const {
+  // Check the max number of heap words limit first (because of int32_t in oopDesc_oop_size() etc)
+  size_t max_size = max_jint;
+  max_size -= (arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_FLAT_ELEMENT) >> LogHeapWordSize);
+  max_size = align_down(max_size, MinObjAlignment);
+  max_size <<= LogHeapWordSize;                                  // convert to max payload size in bytes
+  max_size >>= layout_helper_log2_element_size(_layout_helper);  // divide by element size (in bytes) = max elements
+  // Within int32_t heap words, still can't exceed Java array element limit
+  if (max_size > max_jint) {
+    max_size = max_jint;
+  }
+  assert((max_size >> LogHeapWordSize) <= max_jint, "Overflow");
+  return (jint) max_size;
+}
+
+oop FlatArrayKlass::protection_domain() const {
+  return element_klass()->protection_domain();
+}
+
+// Temp hack having this here: need to move towards Access API
+static bool needs_backwards_copy(arrayOop s, int src_pos,
+                                 arrayOop d, int dst_pos, int length) {
+  return (s == d) && (dst_pos > src_pos) && (dst_pos - src_pos) < length;
+}
+
+void FlatArrayKlass::copy_array(arrayOop s, int src_pos,
+                                arrayOop d, int dst_pos, int length, TRAPS) {
+
+  assert(s->is_refined_objArray(), "must be ref or flat array");
+
+  // Check destination
+  if (!d->is_refined_objArray()) {
+    THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException());
+  }
+
+  // Check if all offsets and lengths are non negative
+  if (src_pos < 0 || dst_pos < 0 || length < 0) {
+    THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException());
+  }
+  // Check if the ranges are valid
+  if  ( (((unsigned int) length + (unsigned int) src_pos) > (unsigned int) s->length())
+      || (((unsigned int) length + (unsigned int) dst_pos) > (unsigned int) d->length()) ) {
+    THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException());
+  }
+  // Check zero copy
+  if (length == 0)
+    return;
+
+  ObjArrayKlass* sk = ObjArrayKlass::cast(s->klass());
+  ObjArrayKlass* dk = ObjArrayKlass::cast(d->klass());
+  Klass* d_elem_klass = dk->element_klass();
+  Klass* s_elem_klass = sk->element_klass();
+  /**** CMH: compare and contrast impl, re-factor once we find edge cases... ****/
+
+  if (sk->is_flatArray_klass()) {
+    assert(sk == this, "Unexpected call to copy_array");
+    FlatArrayKlass* fsk = FlatArrayKlass::cast(sk);
+    // Check subtype, all src homogeneous, so just once
+    if (!s_elem_klass->is_subtype_of(d_elem_klass)) {
+      THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException());
+    }
+
+    flatArrayOop sa = flatArrayOop(s);
+
+    // flatArray-to-flatArray
+    if (dk->is_flatArray_klass()) {
+      // element types MUST be exact, subtype check would be dangerous
+      if (d_elem_klass != this->element_klass()) {
+        THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException());
+      }
+
+      FlatArrayKlass* fdk = FlatArrayKlass::cast(dk);
+      InlineKlass* vk = InlineKlass::cast(s_elem_klass);
+      flatArrayOop da = flatArrayOop(d);
+
+      // We have already checked that src_pos and dst_pos are valid indices.
+      FlatArrayPayload src_payload(sa, src_pos, fsk);
+      FlatArrayPayload dst_payload(da, dst_pos, fdk);
+
+      if (fsk->layout_kind() == fdk->layout_kind()) {
+        // Because source and destination have the same layout, we do not have
+        // to worry about null checks and atomicity problems and can call the
+        // Access API directly.
+        int index_delta;
+        if (needs_backwards_copy(sa, src_pos, da, dst_pos, length)) {
+          index_delta = -1;
+          src_payload.advance_index(length - 1);
+          dst_payload.advance_index(length - 1);
+        } else {
+          index_delta = 1;
+        }
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+          HeapAccess<>::value_copy(src_payload, dst_payload);
+          src_payload.advance_index(index_delta);
+          dst_payload.advance_index(index_delta);
+        }
+      } else {
+        // We need to allocate a buffer object to facilitate the copy between
+        // the different layouts. Keep the payload in a handle so we can reload
+        // the oops.
+        FlatArrayPayload::Handle src_payload_handle = src_payload.make_handle(THREAD);
+        FlatArrayPayload::Handle dst_payload_handle = dst_payload.make_handle(THREAD);
+
+        inlineOop buffer = vk->allocate_instance(CHECK);
+        BufferedValuePayload buf_payload(buffer);
+
+        // Reload the oops from the payload handles.
+        src_payload = src_payload_handle();
+        dst_payload = dst_payload_handle();
+
+        const bool dst_is_null_restricted = !LayoutKindHelper::is_nullable_flat(dst_payload.layout_kind());
+
+        // fsk->layout_kind() != fdk->layout_kind() implies that s != d, which
+        // means that the copy is disjoint and we do not need to worry about
+        // needs_backwards_copy.
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+          // Copy via buffer
+          if (src_payload.is_payload_null() || !src_payload.copy_to(buf_payload)) {
+            // The source payload is null. Nothing to copy.
+            if (dst_is_null_restricted) {
+              // The destination does not support null.
+              THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
+            }
+          } else {
+            dst_payload.copy_from(buf_payload);
+          }
+
+          // Advance to next element
+          src_payload.next_element();
+          dst_payload.next_element();
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      // flatArray-to-refArray
+      assert(dk->is_refArray_klass(), "Expected refArray here");
+
+      // Need to allocate each new src elem payload -> dst oop
+      refArrayHandle dh(THREAD, (refArrayOop)d);
+      flatArrayHandle sh(THREAD, sa);
+      for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+        oop o = sh->obj_at(src_pos + i, CHECK);
+        dh->obj_at_put(dst_pos + i, o, CHECK);
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    // refArray-to-flatArray
+    assert(s->is_refArray(), "Expected refArray");
+    assert(d->is_flatArray(), "Expected flatArray");
+    refArrayOop sa = refArrayOop(s);
+    flatArrayOop da = flatArrayOop(d);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+      da->obj_at_put( dst_pos + i, sa->obj_at(src_pos + i), CHECK);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+bool FlatArrayKlass::can_be_primary_super_slow() const {
+    return true;
+}
+
+u2 FlatArrayKlass::compute_modifier_flags() const {
+  // The modifier for a flatArray is the same as its element
+  // With the addition of ACC_IDENTITY
+  u2 element_flags = element_klass()->compute_modifier_flags();
+
+  u2 identity_flag = (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) ? JVM_ACC_IDENTITY : 0;
+
+  return (element_flags & (JVM_ACC_PUBLIC | JVM_ACC_PRIVATE | JVM_ACC_PROTECTED))
+                        | (identity_flag | JVM_ACC_ABSTRACT | JVM_ACC_FINAL);
+}
+
+void FlatArrayKlass::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
+  assert(!is_refArray_klass(), "Unimplemented");
+  ResourceMark rm;
+
+  st->print("Flat Type Array: ");
+  Klass::print_on(st);
+
+  st->print(" - element klass: ");
+  element_klass()->print_value_on(st);
+  st->cr();
+
+  st->print(" - layout kind: %s", LayoutKindHelper::layout_kind_as_string(layout_kind()));
+  st->cr();
+
+  st->print(" - array properties: %s", properties().as_string());
+  st->cr();
+
+  int elem_size = element_byte_size();
+  st->print(" - element size %i ", elem_size);
+  st->print("aligned layout size %i", 1 << layout_helper_log2_element_size(layout_helper()));
+  st->cr();
+}
+
+void FlatArrayKlass::print_value_on(outputStream* st) const {
+  assert(is_klass(), "must be klass");
+
+  element_klass()->print_value_on(st);
+  st->print("[]");
+}
+
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+void FlatArrayKlass::oop_print_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) {
+  ArrayKlass::oop_print_on(obj, st);
+  flatArrayOop va = flatArrayOop(obj);
+  oop_print_elements_on(va, st);
+}
+#endif //PRODUCT
+
+void FlatArrayKlass::oop_print_value_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) {
+  assert(obj->is_flatArray(), "must be flatArray");
+  st->print("a ");
+  element_klass()->print_value_on(st);
+  int len = flatArrayOop(obj)->length();
+  st->print("[%d] ", len);
+  obj->print_address_on(st);
+  if (PrintMiscellaneous && (WizardMode || Verbose)) {
+    int lh = layout_helper();
+    st->print("{");
+    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+      if (i > 4) {
+        st->print("..."); break;
+      }
+      st->print(" " INTPTR_FORMAT, (intptr_t)(void*)flatArrayOop(obj)->value_at_addr(i , lh));
+    }
+    st->print(" }");
+  }
+}
+
+void FlatArrayKlass::oop_print_elements_on(flatArrayOop fa, outputStream* st) {
+  InlineKlass* vk = element_klass();
+  int print_len = MIN2(fa->length(), MaxElementPrintSize);
+  for(int index = 0; index < print_len; index++) {
+    int off = (address) fa->value_at_addr(index, layout_helper()) - cast_from_oop<address>(fa);
+    st->print_cr(" - Index %3d offset %3d: ", index, off);
+    oop obj = cast_to_oop((address)fa->value_at_addr(index, layout_helper()) - vk->payload_offset());
+    FieldPrinter print_field(st, obj);
+    vk->do_nonstatic_fields(&print_field);
+    st->cr();
+  }
+  int remaining = fa->length() - print_len;
+  if (remaining > 0) {
+    st->print_cr(" - <%d more elements, increase MaxElementPrintSize to print>", remaining);
+  }
+}
+
+// Verification
+class VerifyElementClosure: public BasicOopIterateClosure {
+ public:
+  virtual void do_oop(oop* p)       { VerifyOopClosure::verify_oop.do_oop(p); }
+  virtual void do_oop(narrowOop* p) { VerifyOopClosure::verify_oop.do_oop(p); }
+};
+
+void FlatArrayKlass::oop_verify_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) {
+  ObjArrayKlass::oop_verify_on(obj, st);
+  guarantee(obj->is_flatArray(), "must be flatArray");
+
+  if (contains_oops()) {
+    flatArrayOop va = flatArrayOop(obj);
+    VerifyElementClosure ec;
+    va->oop_iterate(&ec);
+  }
+}
+
+void FlatArrayKlass::verify_on(outputStream* st) {
+  ArrayKlass::verify_on(st);
+  guarantee(element_klass()->is_inline_klass(), "should be inline type klass");
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..90c4552db79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_VM_OOPS_FLATARRAYKLASS_HPP
+#define SHARE_VM_OOPS_FLATARRAYKLASS_HPP
+
+#include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
+#include "oops/arrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "utilities/macros.hpp"
+
+/**
+ * Array of inline types, gives a layout of typeArrayOop, but needs oops iterators
+ */
+class FlatArrayKlass : public ObjArrayKlass {
+  friend class Deoptimization;
+  friend class oopFactory;
+  friend class VMStructs;
+
+ public:
+  static const KlassKind Kind = FlatArrayKlassKind;
+
+ private:
+  // Constructor
+  FlatArrayKlass(Klass* element_klass, Symbol* name, ArrayProperties props, LayoutKind lk);
+
+  LayoutKind _layout_kind;
+
+ public:
+
+  FlatArrayKlass() {} // used by CppVtableCloner<T>::initialize()
+
+  InlineKlass* element_klass() const { return InlineKlass::cast(ObjArrayKlass::element_klass()); }
+
+  LayoutKind layout_kind() const  { return _layout_kind; }
+  static ByteSize layout_kind_offset() { return in_ByteSize(offset_of(FlatArrayKlass, _layout_kind)); }
+
+  // Casting from Klass*
+  static FlatArrayKlass* cast(Klass* k) {
+    return const_cast<FlatArrayKlass*>(cast(const_cast<const Klass*>(k)));
+  }
+
+  static const FlatArrayKlass* cast(const Klass* k) {
+    assert(k != nullptr, "k should not be null");
+    assert(k->is_flatArray_klass(), "cast to FlatArrayKlass");
+    return static_cast<const FlatArrayKlass*>(k);
+  }
+
+  // klass allocation
+  static FlatArrayKlass* allocate_klass(Klass* element_klass, ArrayProperties props, LayoutKind lk, TRAPS);
+
+  void initialize(TRAPS) override;
+
+  bool can_be_primary_super_slow() const override;
+
+  int element_byte_size() const { return 1 << layout_helper_log2_element_size(_layout_helper); }
+
+  DEBUG_ONLY(bool is_flatArray_klass_slow() const override { return true; })
+
+  bool contains_oops() {
+    return element_klass()->contains_oops();
+  }
+
+  oop protection_domain() const override;
+
+  void metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* iter) override;
+
+  static jint array_layout_helper(InlineKlass* vklass, LayoutKind lk); // layout helper for values
+
+  // sizing
+  static int header_size()  { return sizeof(FlatArrayKlass) / wordSize; }
+  int size() const override { return ArrayKlass::static_size(header_size()); }
+
+  jint max_elements() const;
+
+  size_t oop_size(oop obj) const override;
+
+  // Oop Allocation
+  flatArrayOop allocate_instance(int length, TRAPS);
+
+  oop multi_allocate(int rank, jint* sizes, TRAPS) override;
+
+  // Naming
+  const char* internal_name() const override { return external_name(); }
+
+  // Copying
+  void copy_array(arrayOop s, int src_pos, arrayOop d, int dst_pos, int length, TRAPS) override;
+
+  // GC specific object visitors
+  template <typename T, typename OopClosureType>
+  inline void oop_oop_iterate(oop obj, OopClosureType* closure);
+
+  template <typename T, typename OopClosureType>
+  inline void oop_oop_iterate_reverse(oop obj, OopClosureType* closure);
+
+  template <typename T, typename OopClosureType>
+  inline void oop_oop_iterate_bounded(oop obj, OopClosureType* closure, MemRegion mr);
+
+  template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
+  inline void oop_oop_iterate_elements(flatArrayOop a, OopClosureType* closure);
+
+  // Iterate over oop elements within index range [start, end), and no metadata.
+  template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
+  inline void oop_oop_iterate_elements_range(flatArrayOop a, OopClosureType* closure, int start, int end);
+
+private:
+  template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
+  inline void oop_oop_iterate_elements_specialized(flatArrayOop a, OopClosureType* closure, int start, int end);
+
+  template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
+  inline void oop_oop_iterate_elements_bounded(flatArrayOop a, OopClosureType* closure, MemRegion mr);
+
+  template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
+  inline void oop_oop_iterate_elements_specialized_bounded(flatArrayOop a, OopClosureType* closure, uintptr_t low, uintptr_t high);
+
+ public:
+  u2 compute_modifier_flags() const override;
+
+  // Printing
+  void print_on(outputStream* st) const override;
+  void print_value_on(outputStream* st) const override;
+
+  void oop_print_value_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) override;
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+  void oop_print_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) override;
+#endif
+  void oop_print_elements_on(flatArrayOop fa, outputStream* st);
+
+  // Verification
+  void verify_on(outputStream* st) override;
+  void oop_verify_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) override;
+};
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.inline.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..eb990ddcf40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.inline.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+#ifndef SHARE_VM_OOPS_FLATARRAYKLASS_INLINE_HPP
+#define SHARE_VM_OOPS_FLATARRAYKLASS_INLINE_HPP
+
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
+
+#include "memory/iterator.hpp"
+#include "memory/memRegion.hpp"
+#include "oops/arrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayOop.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/klass.hpp"
+#include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "utilities/devirtualizer.inline.hpp"
+#include "utilities/macros.hpp"
+
+template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
+void FlatArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate_elements_specialized(flatArrayOop a,
+                                                          OopClosureType* closure,
+                                                          int start, int end) {
+  precond(contains_oops());
+  precond(start >= 0);
+  assert(start <= end, "Invalid range [%d - %d)", start, end);
+  assert(end <= a->length(), "Invalid range [%d - %d) for a.length: %d", start, end, a->length());
+
+  const int shift = Klass::layout_helper_log2_element_size(layout_helper());
+  const uintptr_t base = (uintptr_t) a->base();
+  const uintptr_t start_addr = base + ((size_t)start << shift);
+  const uintptr_t stop_addr = base + ((size_t)end << shift);
+
+  oop_oop_iterate_elements_specialized_bounded<T>(a, closure, start_addr, stop_addr);
+}
+
+template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
+void FlatArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate_elements_specialized_bounded(flatArrayOop a,
+                                                                  OopClosureType* closure,
+                                                                  uintptr_t lo, uintptr_t hi) {
+  assert(contains_oops(), "Nothing to iterate");
+
+  const int shift = Klass::layout_helper_log2_element_size(layout_helper());
+  const int addr_incr = 1 << shift;
+  uintptr_t elem_addr = (uintptr_t)a->base();
+  uintptr_t stop_addr = elem_addr + ((uintptr_t)a->length() << shift);
+  const int oop_offset = element_klass()->payload_offset();
+
+  if (elem_addr < lo) {
+    uintptr_t diff = lo - elem_addr;
+    elem_addr += (diff >> shift) << shift;
+  }
+  if (stop_addr > hi) {
+    uintptr_t diff = stop_addr - hi;
+    stop_addr -= (diff >> shift) << shift;
+  }
+
+  const uintptr_t end = stop_addr;
+  while (elem_addr < end) {
+    element_klass()->oop_iterate_specialized_bounded<T>((address)(elem_addr - oop_offset), closure, lo, hi);
+    elem_addr += addr_incr;
+  }
+}
+
+template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
+void FlatArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate_elements(flatArrayOop a, OopClosureType* closure) {
+  if (contains_oops()) {
+    oop_oop_iterate_elements_specialized<T>(a, closure, 0, a->length());
+  }
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename OopClosureType>
+void FlatArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate(oop obj, OopClosureType* closure) {
+  assert(obj->is_flatArray(), "must be a flat array");
+  flatArrayOop a = flatArrayOop(obj);
+
+  if (Devirtualizer::do_metadata(closure)) {
+    Devirtualizer::do_klass(closure, obj->klass());
+  }
+
+  oop_oop_iterate_elements<T>(a, closure);
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename OopClosureType>
+void FlatArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate_reverse(oop obj, OopClosureType* closure) {
+  // TODO
+  oop_oop_iterate<T>(obj, closure);
+}
+
+template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
+void FlatArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate_elements_bounded(flatArrayOop a, OopClosureType* closure, MemRegion mr) {
+  if (contains_oops()) {
+    oop_oop_iterate_elements_specialized_bounded<T>(a, closure, (uintptr_t)mr.start(), (uintptr_t)mr.end());
+  }
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename OopClosureType>
+void FlatArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate_bounded(oop obj, OopClosureType* closure, MemRegion mr) {
+  flatArrayOop a = flatArrayOop(obj);
+  if (Devirtualizer::do_metadata(closure)) {
+    Devirtualizer::do_klass(closure, a->klass());
+  }
+  oop_oop_iterate_elements_bounded<T>(a, closure, mr);
+}
+
+// Like oop_oop_iterate but only iterates over the specified range [start, end)
+template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
+void FlatArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate_elements_range(flatArrayOop a, OopClosureType *closure, int start, int end) {
+  if (contains_oops()) {
+    oop_oop_iterate_elements_specialized<T>(a, closure, start, end);
+  }
+}
+
+#endif // SHARE_VM_OOPS_FLATARRAYKLASS_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayOop.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayOop.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..063ecbbafe3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayOop.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_VM_OOPS_FLATARRAYOOP_HPP
+#define SHARE_VM_OOPS_FLATARRAYOOP_HPP
+
+#include "oops/klass.hpp"
+#include "oops/objArrayOop.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
+
+class FlatArrayKlass;
+
+// A flatArrayOop points to a flat array containing inline types (no indirection).
+// It may include embedded oops in its elements.
+
+class flatArrayOopDesc : public objArrayOopDesc {
+ public:
+  inline FlatArrayKlass* klass() const;
+
+  void* base() const;
+  static size_t base_offset_in_bytes();
+  void* value_at_addr(int index, jint lh) const;
+  size_t value_offset(int index, jint lh) const;
+  size_t value_offset_from_base(int index, jint lh) const;
+
+  // oop obj_at(...) must always allocate when reading a non-null flat element,
+  // as such only obj_at(int, TRAPS) is provided. To null-check element without
+  // allocating use obj_at_is_null(int);
+  inline oop obj_at(int index) const = delete;
+  inline oop obj_at(int index, TRAPS) const;
+  inline bool obj_at_is_null(int index) const;
+  inline jboolean null_marker_of_obj_at(int index) const;
+  inline jboolean null_marker_of_obj_at(int index, TRAPS) const;
+  inline void obj_at_put(int index, oop value);
+  inline void obj_at_put(int index, oop value, TRAPS);
+
+  // Sizing
+  static size_t element_size(int lh, int nof_elements) {
+    size_t sz = (size_t) nof_elements;
+    return sz << Klass::layout_helper_log2_element_size(lh);
+  }
+
+  static int object_size(int lh, int length) {
+    julong size_in_bytes = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(Klass::layout_helper_element_type(lh));
+    size_in_bytes += element_size(lh, length);
+    julong size_in_words = ((size_in_bytes + (HeapWordSize-1)) >> LogHeapWordSize);
+    assert(size_in_words <= (julong)max_jint, "no overflow");
+    return align_object_size((intptr_t)size_in_words);
+  }
+
+  int object_size(int lh) const;
+
+  // Special iterators for an element index range.
+  template <typename OopClosureType>
+  void oop_iterate_elements_range(OopClosureType* blk, int start, int end);
+
+};
+
+// See similar requirement for oopDesc.
+static_assert(std::is_trivially_default_constructible<flatArrayOopDesc>::value, "required");
+
+#endif // SHARE_VM_OOPS_FLATARRAYOOP_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayOop.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayOop.inline.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fefe98461dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayOop.inline.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_VM_OOPS_FLATARRAYOOP_INLINE_HPP
+#define SHARE_VM_OOPS_FLATARRAYOOP_INLINE_HPP
+
+#include "oops/flatArrayOop.hpp"
+
+#include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
+#include "oops/access.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/valuePayload.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/globals.hpp"
+
+inline FlatArrayKlass* flatArrayOopDesc::klass() const {
+  Klass* k = oopDesc::klass();
+  return FlatArrayKlass::cast(k);
+}
+
+inline void* flatArrayOopDesc::base() const { return arrayOopDesc::base(T_FLAT_ELEMENT); }
+
+inline size_t flatArrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes() {
+  return static_cast<size_t>(arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_FLAT_ELEMENT));
+}
+
+inline void* flatArrayOopDesc::value_at_addr(int index, jint lh) const {
+  assert(is_within_bounds(index), "index out of bounds");
+
+  address array_base = (address) base();
+  size_t offset = value_offset_from_base(index, lh);
+  address addr = array_base + offset;
+  assert(addr >= array_base, "must be");
+  return (void*) addr;
+}
+
+inline size_t flatArrayOopDesc::value_offset(int index, jint lh) const {
+  assert(is_within_bounds(index), "index out of bounds");
+  return base_offset_in_bytes() + value_offset_from_base(index, lh);
+}
+
+inline size_t flatArrayOopDesc::value_offset_from_base(int index, jint lh) const {
+  assert(is_within_bounds(index), "index out of bounds");
+  return static_cast<size_t>(index) << Klass::layout_helper_log2_element_size(lh);
+}
+
+inline int flatArrayOopDesc::object_size(int lh) const {
+  return object_size(lh, length());
+}
+
+inline oop flatArrayOopDesc::obj_at(int index, TRAPS) const {
+  assert(is_within_bounds(index), "index %d out of bounds %d", index, length());
+  FlatArrayPayload payload(flatArrayOop(const_cast<flatArrayOopDesc*>(this)), index);
+  return payload.read(THREAD);
+}
+
+inline bool flatArrayOopDesc::obj_at_is_null(int index) const {
+  assert(is_within_bounds(index), "index %d out of bounds %d", index, length());
+  FlatArrayPayload payload(flatArrayOop(const_cast<flatArrayOopDesc*>(this)), index);
+  return payload.is_payload_null();
+}
+
+inline jboolean flatArrayOopDesc::null_marker_of_obj_at(int index) const {
+  EXCEPTION_MARK;
+  return null_marker_of_obj_at(index, THREAD);
+}
+
+inline jboolean flatArrayOopDesc::null_marker_of_obj_at(int index, TRAPS) const {
+  assert(is_within_bounds(index), "index %d out of bounds %d", index, length());
+  FlatArrayKlass* fak = klass();
+  InlineKlass* vk = fak->element_klass();
+  char* this_oop = (char*) (oopDesc*) this;
+  char* val = (char*) value_at_addr(index, fak->layout_helper());
+  ptrdiff_t offset = val - this_oop + (ptrdiff_t)vk->null_marker_offset_in_payload();
+  return bool_field(offset);
+}
+
+inline void flatArrayOopDesc::obj_at_put(int index, oop value) {
+  EXCEPTION_MARK;                                 // What if the caller is not a Java Thread?
+  obj_at_put(index, value, THREAD);
+}
+
+inline void flatArrayOopDesc::obj_at_put(int index, oop value, TRAPS) {
+  assert(is_within_bounds(index), "index %d out of bounds %d", index, length());
+  FlatArrayKlass* fak = klass();
+  InlineKlass* vk = fak->element_klass();
+  if (value != nullptr) {
+    if (value->klass() != vk) {
+      THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException());
+    }
+  } else if(fak->is_null_free_array_klass()) {
+    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), "Cannot store null in a null-restricted array");
+  }
+
+  FlatArrayPayload payload(flatArrayOop(this), index, fak);
+  // The value and klass has already been checked for null compatibility.
+  payload.write_without_nullability_check(inlineOop(value));
+}
+
+template <typename OopClosureType>
+void flatArrayOopDesc::oop_iterate_elements_range(OopClosureType* blk, int start, int end) {
+  if (UseCompressedOops) {
+    klass()->oop_oop_iterate_elements_range<narrowOop>(this, blk, start, end);
+  } else {
+    klass()->oop_oop_iterate_elements_range<oop>(this, blk, start, end);
+  }
+}
+
+#endif // SHARE_VM_OOPS_FLATARRAYOOP_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/generateOopMap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/generateOopMap.cpp
index f7c933b0ea7..021d263ed45 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/generateOopMap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/generateOopMap.cpp
@@ -138,8 +138,9 @@ class ComputeCallStack : public SignatureIterator {
     _idx    = 0;
     _effect = effect;
 
-    if (!is_static)
+    if (!is_static) {
       effect[_idx++] = CellTypeState::ref;
+    }
 
     do_parameters_on(this);
 
@@ -1598,11 +1599,11 @@ void GenerateOopMap::interp1(BytecodeStream *itr) {
     case Bytecodes::_getfield:          do_field(true,   false, itr->get_index_u2(), itr->bci(), itr->code()); break;
     case Bytecodes::_putfield:          do_field(false,  false, itr->get_index_u2(), itr->bci(), itr->code()); break;
 
+    case Bytecodes::_invokeinterface:
     case Bytecodes::_invokevirtual:
-    case Bytecodes::_invokespecial:     do_method(false, false, itr->get_index_u2(), itr->bci(), itr->code()); break;
-    case Bytecodes::_invokestatic:      do_method(true,  false, itr->get_index_u2(), itr->bci(), itr->code()); break;
-    case Bytecodes::_invokedynamic:     do_method(true,  false, itr->get_index_u4(), itr->bci(), itr->code()); break;
-    case Bytecodes::_invokeinterface:   do_method(false, true,  itr->get_index_u2(), itr->bci(), itr->code()); break;
+    case Bytecodes::_invokespecial:     do_method(false, itr->get_index_u2(), itr->bci(), itr->code()); break;
+    case Bytecodes::_invokestatic:      do_method(true , itr->get_index_u2(), itr->bci(), itr->code()); break;
+    case Bytecodes::_invokedynamic:     do_method(true , itr->get_index_u4(), itr->bci(), itr->code()); break;
     case Bytecodes::_newarray:
     case Bytecodes::_anewarray:         pp_new_ref(vCTS, itr->bci()); break;
     case Bytecodes::_checkcast:         do_checkcast(); break;
@@ -1947,13 +1948,15 @@ void GenerateOopMap::do_field(int is_get, int is_static, int idx, int bci, Bytec
     out = epsilonCTS;
     i   = copy_cts(in, eff);
   }
-  if (!is_static) in[i++] = CellTypeState::ref;
+  if (!is_static) {
+    in[i++] = CellTypeState::ref;
+  }
   in[i] = CellTypeState::bottom;
   assert(i<=3, "sanity check");
   pp(in, out);
 }
 
-void GenerateOopMap::do_method(int is_static, int is_interface, int idx, int bci, Bytecodes::Code bc) {
+void GenerateOopMap::do_method(int is_static, int idx, int bci, Bytecodes::Code bc) {
  // Dig up signature for field in constant pool
   ConstantPool* cp  = _method->constants();
   Symbol* signature   = cp->signature_ref_at(idx, bc);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/generateOopMap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/generateOopMap.hpp
index f0fdfeda57f..807a6ddbce7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/generateOopMap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/generateOopMap.hpp
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ class CellTypeState {
   unsigned int _state;
 
   // Masks for separating the BITS and INFO portions of a CellTypeState
-  enum { info_mask            = right_n_bits(28),
+  enum { info_mask            = right_n_bits(27),
          bits_mask            = (int)(~info_mask) };
 
   // These constant are used for manipulating the BITS portion of a
@@ -104,18 +104,23 @@ class CellTypeState {
 
   // These constants are used for manipulating the INFO portion of a
   // CellTypeState
-  enum { top_info_bit         = nth_bit(27),
-         not_bottom_info_bit  = nth_bit(26),
-         info_data_mask       = right_n_bits(26),
+  enum { top_info_bit         = nth_bit(26),
+         not_bottom_info_bit  = nth_bit(25),
+         info_data_mask       = right_n_bits(25),
          info_conflict        = info_mask };
 
   // Within the INFO data, these values are used to distinguish different
   // kinds of references.
-  enum { ref_not_lock_bit     = nth_bit(25),  // 0 if this reference is locked as a monitor
-         ref_slot_bit         = nth_bit(24),  // 1 if this reference is a "slot" reference,
+  enum { ref_not_lock_bit     = nth_bit(24),  // 0 if this reference is locked as a monitor
+         ref_slot_bit         = nth_bit(23),  // 1 if this reference is a "slot" reference,
                                               // 0 if it is a "line" reference.
-         ref_data_mask        = right_n_bits(24) };
+         ref_data_mask        = right_n_bits(23) };
 
+  // Within the INFO data, these values are used to distinguish different
+  // kinds of value types.
+  enum { valuetype_slot_bit   = nth_bit(24),  // 1 if this reference is a "slot" value type,
+    // 0 if it is a "line" value type.
+    valuetype_data_mask  = right_n_bits(24) };
 
   // These values are used to initialize commonly used CellTypeState
   // constants.
@@ -396,7 +401,7 @@ class GenerateOopMap {
   void  do_astore                           (int idx);
   void  do_jsr                              (int delta);
   void  do_field                            (int is_get, int is_static, int idx, int bci, Bytecodes::Code bc);
-  void  do_method                           (int is_static, int is_interface, int idx, int bci, Bytecodes::Code bc);
+  void  do_method                           (int is_static, int idx, int bci, Bytecodes::Code bc);
   void  do_multianewarray                   (int dims, int bci);
   void  do_monitorenter                     (int bci);
   void  do_monitorexit                      (int bci);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1ea28e9c688
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,581 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "cds/archiveUtils.hpp"
+#include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
+#include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
+#include "code/codeCache.hpp"
+#include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
+#include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
+#include "gc/shared/gcLocker.inline.hpp"
+#include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
+#include "logging/log.hpp"
+#include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
+#include "memory/metaspaceClosure.hpp"
+#include "oops/access.hpp"
+#include "oops/arrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/compressedOops.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/layoutKind.hpp"
+#include "oops/method.hpp"
+#include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp"
+#include "oops/refArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/registerMap.hpp"
+#include "runtime/safepointVerifiers.hpp"
+#include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
+#include "runtime/signature.hpp"
+#include "runtime/thread.inline.hpp"
+#include "utilities/copy.hpp"
+#include "utilities/stringUtils.hpp"
+
+InlineKlass::Members::Members()
+  : _extended_sig(nullptr),
+    _return_regs(nullptr),
+    _pack_handler(nullptr),
+    _pack_handler_jobject(nullptr),
+    _unpack_handler(nullptr),
+    _null_reset_value_offset(0),
+    _payload_offset(-1),
+    _payload_size_in_bytes(-1),
+    _payload_alignment(-1),
+    _null_free_non_atomic_size_in_bytes(-1),
+    _null_free_non_atomic_alignment(-1),
+    _null_free_atomic_size_in_bytes(-1),
+    _nullable_atomic_size_in_bytes(-1),
+    _nullable_non_atomic_size_in_bytes(-1),
+    _null_marker_offset(-1),
+    _fast_acmp_offset(-1),
+    _fast_acmp_mask(0) {
+}
+
+InlineKlass::InlineKlass() {
+  assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive() || UseSharedSpaces, "only for CDS");
+}
+
+// Constructor
+InlineKlass::InlineKlass(const ClassFileParser& parser)
+    : InstanceKlass(parser, InlineKlass::Kind, markWord::inline_type_prototype()) {
+  assert(is_inline_klass(), "sanity");
+  assert(prototype_header().is_inline_type(), "sanity");
+
+  // Set up the offset to the members of this klass
+  _adr_inline_klass_members = calculate_members_address();
+
+  // Placement install the members
+  new (_adr_inline_klass_members) Members();
+
+  // Sanity check construction of the members
+  assert(pack_handler() == nullptr, "pack handler not null");
+}
+
+address InlineKlass::calculate_members_address() const {
+  // The members are placed after all other contents inherited from the InstanceKlass
+  return end_of_instance_klass();
+}
+
+oop InlineKlass::null_reset_value() const {
+  assert(is_initialized() || is_being_initialized() || is_in_error_state(), "null reset value is set at the beginning of initialization");
+  oop val = java_mirror()->obj_field_acquire(null_reset_value_offset());
+  assert(val != nullptr, "Sanity check");
+  return val;
+}
+
+void InlineKlass::set_null_reset_value(oop val) {
+  assert(val != nullptr, "Sanity check");
+  assert(oopDesc::is_oop(val), "Sanity check");
+  assert(val->is_inline_type(), "Sanity check");
+  assert(val->klass() == this, "sanity check");
+  java_mirror()->obj_field_put(null_reset_value_offset(), val);
+}
+
+inlineOop InlineKlass::allocate_instance(TRAPS) {
+  inlineOop oop = (inlineOop)InstanceKlass::allocate_instance(CHECK_NULL);
+  assert(oop->mark().is_inline_type(), "Expected inline type");
+  return oop;
+}
+
+int InlineKlass::nonstatic_oop_count() {
+  int oops = 0;
+  int map_count = nonstatic_oop_map_count();
+  OopMapBlock* block = start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps();
+  OopMapBlock* end = block + map_count;
+  while (block != end) {
+    oops += block->count();
+    block++;
+  }
+  return oops;
+}
+
+// Arrays of...
+
+bool InlineKlass::maybe_flat_in_array() {
+  if (!UseArrayFlattening) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  // Too many embedded oops
+  if ((FlatArrayElementMaxOops >= 0) && (nonstatic_oop_count() > FlatArrayElementMaxOops)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  // No flat layout?
+  if (!has_nullable_atomic_layout() && !has_null_free_atomic_layout() && !has_null_free_non_atomic_layout()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+// Inline type arguments are not passed by reference, instead each
+// field of the inline type is passed as an argument. This helper
+// function collects the flat field (recursively)
+// in a list. Included with the field's type is
+// the offset of each field in the inline type: i2c and c2i adapters
+// need that to load or store fields. Finally, the list of fields is
+// sorted in order of increasing offsets: the adapters and the
+// compiled code need to agree upon the order of fields.
+//
+// The list of basic types that is returned starts with a T_METADATA
+// and ends with an extra T_VOID. T_METADATA/T_VOID pairs are used as
+// delimiters. Every entry between the two is a field of the inline
+// type. If there's an embedded inline type in the list, it also starts
+// with a T_METADATA and ends with a T_VOID. This is so we can
+// generate a unique fingerprint for the method's adapters and we can
+// generate the list of basic types from the interpreter point of view
+// (inline types passed as reference: iterate on the list until a
+// T_METADATA, drop everything until and including the closing
+// T_VOID) or the compiler point of view (each field of the inline
+// types is an argument: drop all T_METADATA/T_VOID from the list).
+//
+// Value classes could also have fields in abstract super value classes.
+// Use a HierarchicalFieldStream to get them as well.
+int InlineKlass::collect_fields(GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int base_off, int null_marker_offset) {
+  int count = 0;
+  SigEntry::add_entry(sig, T_METADATA, name(), base_off);
+  for (TopDownHierarchicalNonStaticFieldStreamBase fs(this); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {
+    assert(!fs.access_flags().is_static(), "TopDownHierarchicalNonStaticFieldStreamBase should not let static fields pass.");
+    int offset = base_off + fs.offset() - (base_off > 0 ? payload_offset() : 0);
+    InstanceKlass* field_holder = fs.field_descriptor().field_holder();
+    if (fs.is_flat()) {
+      // Resolve klass of flat field and recursively collect fields
+      int field_null_marker_offset = -1;
+      if (!fs.is_null_free_inline_type()) {
+        field_null_marker_offset = base_off + fs.null_marker_offset() - (base_off > 0 ? payload_offset() : 0);
+      }
+      Klass* vk = field_holder->get_inline_type_field_klass(fs.index());
+      count += InlineKlass::cast(vk)->collect_fields(sig, offset, field_null_marker_offset);
+    } else {
+      BasicType bt = Signature::basic_type(fs.signature());
+      SigEntry::add_entry(sig, bt,  fs.name(), offset);
+      count += type2size[bt];
+    }
+  }
+  int offset = base_off + size_helper()*HeapWordSize - (base_off > 0 ? payload_offset() : 0);
+  // Null markers are no real fields, add them manually at the end (C2 relies on this) of the flat fields
+  if (null_marker_offset != -1) {
+    SigEntry::add_null_marker(sig, name(), null_marker_offset);
+    count++;
+  }
+  SigEntry::add_entry(sig, T_VOID, name(), offset);
+  assert(sig->at(0)._bt == T_METADATA && sig->at(sig->length()-1)._bt == T_VOID, "broken structure");
+  return count;
+}
+
+// Support for the scalarized calling convention.
+//
+// For arguments, an inline type can be passed in scalarized form instead of as a single
+// oop: the calling convention uses an optional buffer oop together with a null marker,
+// followed by the field values, assigned to the normal argument registers and stack slots.
+// See CompiledEntrySignature::compute_calling_conventions.
+//
+// For returns, an inline type is returned in scalarized form via multiple return registers:
+// the first word is a tri-state value (null, tagged InlineKlass*, or oop) and the remaining
+// registers carry the field values.
+void InlineKlass::initialize_calling_convention(TRAPS) {
+  // Because the pack and unpack handler addresses need to be loadable from generated code,
+  // they are stored at a fixed offset in the klass metadata. Since inline type klasses do
+  // not have a vtable, the vtable offset is used to store these addresses.
+  if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields || InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs) {
+    ResourceMark rm;
+    GrowableArray<SigEntry> sig_vk;
+    int nb_fields = collect_fields(&sig_vk);
+    if (*PrintInlineKlassFields != '\0') {
+      const char* class_name_str = _name->as_C_string();
+      if (StringUtils::class_list_match(PrintInlineKlassFields, class_name_str)) {
+        ttyLocker ttyl;
+        tty->print_cr("Fields of InlineKlass: %s", class_name_str);
+        for (const SigEntry& entry : sig_vk) {
+          tty->print("  %s: %s+%d", entry._name->as_C_string(), type2name(entry._bt), entry._offset);
+          if (entry._null_marker) {
+            tty->print(" (null marker)");
+          }
+          if (entry._vt_oop) {
+            tty->print(" (VT OOP)");
+          }
+          tty->print_cr("");
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    Array<SigEntry>* extended_sig = MetadataFactory::new_array<SigEntry>(class_loader_data(), sig_vk.length(), CHECK);
+    set_extended_sig(extended_sig);
+    for (int i = 0; i < sig_vk.length(); i++) {
+      extended_sig->at_put(i, sig_vk.at(i));
+    }
+    if (can_be_returned_as_fields(/* init= */ true)) {
+      nb_fields++;
+      BasicType* sig_bt = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(BasicType, nb_fields);
+      sig_bt[0] = T_METADATA;
+      SigEntry::fill_sig_bt(&sig_vk, sig_bt+1);
+      VMRegPair* regs = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(VMRegPair, nb_fields);
+      int total = SharedRuntime::java_return_convention(sig_bt, regs, nb_fields);
+
+      if (total > 0) {
+        Array<VMRegPair>* return_regs = MetadataFactory::new_array<VMRegPair>(class_loader_data(), nb_fields, CHECK);
+        set_return_regs(return_regs);
+        for (int i = 0; i < nb_fields; i++) {
+          return_regs->at_put(i, regs[i]);
+        }
+
+        BufferedInlineTypeBlob* buffered_blob = SharedRuntime::generate_buffered_inline_type_adapter(this);
+        if (buffered_blob == nullptr) {
+          THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_OutOfMemoryError(), "Out of space in CodeCache for adapters");
+        }
+        set_pack_handler(buffered_blob->pack_fields());
+        set_pack_handler_jobject(buffered_blob->pack_fields_jobject());
+        set_unpack_handler(buffered_blob->unpack_fields());
+        assert(CodeCache::find_blob(pack_handler()) == buffered_blob, "lost track of blob");
+        assert(can_be_returned_as_fields(), "sanity");
+      }
+    }
+    if (!can_be_returned_as_fields() && !can_be_passed_as_fields()) {
+      MetadataFactory::free_array<SigEntry>(class_loader_data(), extended_sig);
+      set_extended_sig(nullptr);
+      assert(return_regs() == nullptr, "sanity");
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void InlineKlass::deallocate_contents(ClassLoaderData* loader_data) {
+  if (extended_sig() != nullptr) {
+    MetadataFactory::free_array<SigEntry>(loader_data, members()._extended_sig);
+    set_extended_sig(nullptr);
+  }
+  if (return_regs() != nullptr) {
+    MetadataFactory::free_array<VMRegPair>(loader_data, members()._return_regs);
+    set_return_regs(nullptr);
+  }
+  cleanup_blobs();
+  InstanceKlass::deallocate_contents(loader_data);
+}
+
+void InlineKlass::cleanup(InlineKlass* ik) {
+  ik->cleanup_blobs();
+}
+
+void InlineKlass::cleanup_blobs() {
+  if (pack_handler() != nullptr) {
+    CodeBlob* buffered_blob = CodeCache::find_blob(pack_handler());
+    assert(buffered_blob->is_buffered_inline_type_blob(), "bad blob type");
+    BufferBlob::free((BufferBlob*)buffered_blob);
+    set_pack_handler(nullptr);
+    set_pack_handler_jobject(nullptr);
+    set_unpack_handler(nullptr);
+  }
+}
+
+// Can this inline type be passed as multiple values?
+bool InlineKlass::can_be_passed_as_fields() const {
+  return InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs;
+}
+
+// Can this inline type be returned as multiple values?
+bool InlineKlass::can_be_returned_as_fields(bool init) const {
+  return InlineTypeReturnedAsFields && (init || return_regs() != nullptr);
+}
+
+// Create handles for all oop fields returned in registers that are going to be live across a safepoint
+void InlineKlass::save_oop_fields(const RegisterMap& reg_map, GrowableArray<Handle>& handles) const {
+  Thread* thread = Thread::current();
+  const Array<SigEntry>* sig_vk = extended_sig();
+  const Array<VMRegPair>* regs = return_regs();
+  int j = 1;
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < sig_vk->length(); i++) {
+    BasicType bt = sig_vk->at(i)._bt;
+    if (bt == T_OBJECT || bt == T_ARRAY) {
+      VMRegPair pair = regs->at(j);
+      oop* loc = (oop*)reg_map.location(pair.first(), nullptr);
+      guarantee(loc != nullptr, "bad register save location");
+      oop o = *loc;
+      assert(oopDesc::is_oop_or_null(o), "Bad oop value: " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(o));
+      handles.push(Handle(thread, o));
+    }
+    if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (bt == T_VOID &&
+        sig_vk->at(i-1)._bt != T_LONG &&
+        sig_vk->at(i-1)._bt != T_DOUBLE) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    j++;
+  }
+  assert(j == regs->length(), "missed a field?");
+}
+
+// Update oop fields in registers from handles after a safepoint
+void InlineKlass::restore_oop_results(RegisterMap& reg_map, GrowableArray<Handle>& handles) const {
+  assert(InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, "Inline types should never be returned as fields");
+  const Array<SigEntry>* sig_vk = extended_sig();
+  const Array<VMRegPair>* regs = return_regs();
+  assert(regs != nullptr, "inconsistent");
+
+  int j = 1;
+  int k = 0;
+  for (int i = 0; i < sig_vk->length(); i++) {
+    BasicType bt = sig_vk->at(i)._bt;
+    if (bt == T_OBJECT || bt == T_ARRAY) {
+      VMRegPair pair = regs->at(j);
+      oop* loc = (oop*)reg_map.location(pair.first(), nullptr);
+      guarantee(loc != nullptr, "bad register save location");
+      *loc = handles.at(k++)();
+    }
+    if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (bt == T_VOID &&
+        sig_vk->at(i-1)._bt != T_LONG &&
+        sig_vk->at(i-1)._bt != T_DOUBLE) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    j++;
+  }
+  assert(k == handles.length(), "missed a handle?");
+  assert(j == regs->length(), "missed a field?");
+}
+
+// Fields are in registers. Create an instance of the inline type and
+// initialize it with the values of the fields.
+oop InlineKlass::realloc_result(const RegisterMap& reg_map, const GrowableArray<Handle>& handles, TRAPS) {
+  oop new_vt = allocate_instance(CHECK_NULL);
+  const Array<SigEntry>* sig_vk = extended_sig();
+  const Array<VMRegPair>* regs = return_regs();
+
+  int j = 1;
+  int k = 0;
+  for (int i = 0; i < sig_vk->length(); i++) {
+    BasicType bt = sig_vk->at(i)._bt;
+    if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (bt == T_VOID) {
+      if (sig_vk->at(i-1)._bt == T_LONG ||
+          sig_vk->at(i-1)._bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+        j++;
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+    int off = sig_vk->at(i)._offset;
+    assert(off > 0, "offset in object should be positive");
+    VMRegPair pair = regs->at(j);
+    address loc = reg_map.location(pair.first(), nullptr);
+    guarantee(loc != nullptr, "bad register save location");
+    switch(bt) {
+    case T_BOOLEAN: {
+      new_vt->bool_field_put(off, *(jboolean*)loc);
+      break;
+    }
+    case T_CHAR: {
+      new_vt->char_field_put(off, *(jchar*)loc);
+      break;
+    }
+    case T_BYTE: {
+      new_vt->byte_field_put(off, *(jbyte*)loc);
+      break;
+    }
+    case T_SHORT: {
+      new_vt->short_field_put(off, *(jshort*)loc);
+      break;
+    }
+    case T_INT: {
+      new_vt->int_field_put(off, *(jint*)loc);
+      break;
+    }
+    case T_LONG: {
+      new_vt->long_field_put(off, *(jlong*)loc);
+      break;
+    }
+    case T_OBJECT:
+    case T_ARRAY: {
+      Handle handle = handles.at(k++);
+      new_vt->obj_field_put(off, handle());
+      break;
+    }
+    case T_FLOAT: {
+      new_vt->float_field_put(off, *(jfloat*)loc);
+      break;
+    }
+    case T_DOUBLE: {
+      new_vt->double_field_put(off, *(jdouble*)loc);
+      break;
+    }
+    default:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+    }
+    *(intptr_t*)loc = 0xDEAD;
+    j++;
+  }
+  assert(j == regs->length(), "missed a field?");
+  assert(k == handles.length(), "missed an oop?");
+  return new_vt;
+}
+
+// Check if we return an inline type in scalarized form, i.e. check if either
+// - The return value is a tagged InlineKlass pointer, or
+// - The return value is an inline type oop that is also returned in scalarized form
+InlineKlass* InlineKlass::returned_inline_klass(const RegisterMap& map, bool* return_oop, Method* method) {
+  BasicType bt = T_METADATA;
+  VMRegPair pair;
+  int nb = SharedRuntime::java_return_convention(&bt, &pair, 1);
+  assert(nb == 1, "broken");
+
+  intptr_t* loc = (intptr_t*)map.location(pair.first(), nullptr);
+  guarantee(loc != nullptr, "bad register save location");
+  intptr_t ptr = *loc;
+  if (is_set_nth_bit(ptr, 0)) {
+    // Return value is tagged, must be an InlineKlass pointer
+    clear_nth_bit(ptr, 0);
+    assert(Metaspace::contains((void*)ptr), "should be klass");
+    InlineKlass* vk = (InlineKlass*)ptr;
+    assert(vk->can_be_returned_as_fields(), "must be able to return as fields");
+    if (return_oop != nullptr) {
+      // Not returning an oop
+      *return_oop = false;
+    }
+    return vk;
+  }
+  // Return value is not tagged, must be a valid oop
+  oop o = cast_to_oop(ptr);
+  assert(oopDesc::is_oop_or_null(o), "Bad oop return: " PTR_FORMAT, ptr);
+  if (return_oop != nullptr && o != nullptr && o->is_inline_type()) {
+    // Check if inline type is also returned in scalarized form
+    InlineKlass* vk_val = InlineKlass::cast(o->klass());
+    InlineKlass* vk_sig = method->returns_inline_type();
+    if (vk_val->can_be_returned_as_fields() && vk_sig != nullptr) {
+      assert(vk_val == vk_sig, "Unexpected return value");
+      return vk_val;
+    }
+  }
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+// CDS support
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+
+void InlineKlass::remove_unshareable_info() {
+  InstanceKlass::remove_unshareable_info();
+
+  // update it to point to the "buffered" copy of this class.
+  _adr_inline_klass_members = calculate_members_address();
+  ArchivePtrMarker::mark_pointer(&_adr_inline_klass_members);
+
+  set_extended_sig(nullptr);
+  set_return_regs(nullptr);
+  set_pack_handler(nullptr);
+  set_pack_handler_jobject(nullptr);
+  set_unpack_handler(nullptr);
+
+  assert(pack_handler() == nullptr, "pack handler not null");
+}
+
+#endif // CDS
+
+#define BULLET  " - "
+
+void InlineKlass::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
+  InstanceKlass::print_on(st);
+  members().print_on(st);
+  st->print_cr(BULLET"---- LayoutKinds:");
+  auto print_layout_kind = [&](LayoutKind lk) {
+    if (is_layout_supported(lk)) {
+      st->print_cr(BULLET"%s layout: %d/%d",
+                   LayoutKindHelper::layout_kind_as_string(lk),
+                   layout_size_in_bytes(lk), layout_alignment(lk));
+    } else {
+      st->print_cr(BULLET"%s layout: -/-",
+                   LayoutKindHelper::layout_kind_as_string(lk));
+    }
+  };
+  print_layout_kind(LayoutKind::BUFFERED);
+  print_layout_kind(LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT);
+  print_layout_kind(LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT);
+  print_layout_kind(LayoutKind::NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT);
+  print_layout_kind(LayoutKind::NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT);
+}
+
+// Verification
+
+void InlineKlass::verify_on(outputStream* st) {
+  InstanceKlass::verify_on(st);
+  guarantee(prototype_header().is_inline_type(), "Prototype header is not inline type");
+}
+
+void InlineKlass::oop_verify_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) {
+  InstanceKlass::oop_verify_on(obj, st);
+  guarantee(obj->mark().is_inline_type(), "Header is not inline type");
+}
+
+void InlineKlass::Members::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
+  st->print_cr(BULLET"---- inline type members:");
+  st->print(BULLET"extended signature registers:      ");
+  InstanceKlass::print_array_on(st, _extended_sig, [](outputStream* ost, SigEntry pair){
+    pair.print_on(ost);
+  });
+  st->print(BULLET"return registers:                  ");
+  InstanceKlass::print_array_on(st, _return_regs, [](outputStream* ost, VMRegPair pair) {
+    pair.print_on(ost);
+  });
+  st->print_cr(BULLET"pack handler:                      " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(_pack_handler));
+  st->print_cr(BULLET"pack handler (jobject):            " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(_pack_handler_jobject));
+  st->print_cr(BULLET"unpack handler:                    " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(_unpack_handler));
+  st->print_cr(BULLET"null reset offset:                 %d", _null_reset_value_offset);
+  st->print_cr(BULLET"payload offset:                    %d", _payload_offset);
+  st->print_cr(BULLET"payload size (bytes):              %d", _payload_size_in_bytes);
+  st->print_cr(BULLET"payload alignment:                 %d", _payload_alignment);
+  st->print_cr(BULLET"null-free non-atomic size (bytes): %d", _null_free_non_atomic_size_in_bytes);
+  st->print_cr(BULLET"null-free non-atomic alignment:    %d", _null_free_non_atomic_alignment);
+  st->print_cr(BULLET"null-free atomic size (bytes):     %d", _null_free_atomic_size_in_bytes);
+  st->print_cr(BULLET"nullable atomic size (bytes):      %d", _nullable_atomic_size_in_bytes);
+  st->print_cr(BULLET"nullable non-atomic size (bytes):  %d", _nullable_non_atomic_size_in_bytes);
+  st->print_cr(BULLET"null marker offset:                %d", _null_marker_offset);
+  st->print_cr(BULLET"fast acmp offset:                  %d", _fast_acmp_offset);
+  st->print_cr(BULLET"fast acmp mask:                    " INT64_FORMAT_X_0, _fast_acmp_mask);
+}
+
+#undef BULLET
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8be85a989e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,350 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_VM_OOPS_INLINEKLASS_HPP
+#define SHARE_VM_OOPS_INLINEKLASS_HPP
+
+#include "oops/inlineOop.hpp"
+#include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/layoutKind.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp"
+#include "oops/valuePayload.hpp"
+#include "runtime/handles.hpp"
+#include "utilities/exceptions.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
+
+template <typename T>
+class Array;
+class ClassFileParser;
+template <typename T>
+class GrowableArray;
+class Method;
+class RegisterMap;
+class SigEntry;
+
+// An InlineKlass is a specialized InstanceKlass for concrete value classes
+// (abstract value classes are represented by InstanceKlass)
+
+class InlineKlass: public InstanceKlass {
+  friend class VMStructs;
+  friend class InstanceKlass;
+
+ public:
+  static const KlassKind Kind = InlineKlassKind;
+
+  // The member fields of the InlineKlass.
+  //
+  // All Klass objects have vtables starting at offset `sizeof(InstanceKlass)`.
+  //
+  // This has the effect that sub-klasses of InstanceKlass can't have their own
+  // C++ fields, because those would overlap with the vtables (or some of the
+  // other dynamically-sized sections).
+  //
+  // To work around this we stamp out the block members *after* all
+  // dynamically-sized sections belonging to the InstanceKlass part of the
+  // object.
+  //
+  // InlineKlass object layout:
+  //   +-----------------------+
+  //   | sizeof(InstanceKlass) |
+  //   +-----------------------+ <= InstanceKlass:header_size()
+  //   | vtable                |
+  //   +-----------------------+
+  //   | other sections        |
+  //   +-----------------------+ <= end_of_instance_klass()
+  //   | InlineKlass::Members  |
+  //   +-----------------------+
+  //
+  class Members {
+    friend class InlineKlass;
+
+    // Addresses used for inline type calling convention
+    Array<SigEntry>* _extended_sig;
+    Array<VMRegPair>* _return_regs;
+
+    address _pack_handler;
+    address _pack_handler_jobject;
+    address _unpack_handler;
+
+    int _null_reset_value_offset;
+    int _payload_offset;           // offset of the beginning of the payload in a heap buffered instance
+    int _payload_size_in_bytes;    // size of payload layout
+    int _payload_alignment;        // alignment required for payload
+    int _null_free_non_atomic_size_in_bytes; // size of null-free non-atomic flat layout
+    int _null_free_non_atomic_alignment;     // alignment requirement for null-free non-atomic layout
+    int _null_free_atomic_size_in_bytes;     // size and alignment requirement for a null-free atomic layout, -1 if no atomic flat layout is possible
+    int _nullable_atomic_size_in_bytes;      // size and alignment requirement for a nullable layout (always atomic), -1 if no nullable flat layout is possible
+    int _nullable_non_atomic_size_in_bytes;  // size and alignment requirement for a nullable non-atomic layout, -1 if not available
+    int _null_marker_offset;       // expressed as an offset from the beginning of the object for a heap buffered value
+                                   // payload_offset must be subtracted to get the offset from the beginning of the payload
+
+    // When we can't intrinsify the substitutability check, we can still avoid the call to isSubstitutable at runtime if the
+    // value object is small enough.  If all the fields are contained at once in a single long, we can load such a long from
+    // both operands, use a bitwise mask to remove the extra bits (from header, padding...), and compare these masked long.
+    //
+    // This doesn't always apply, for instance, if there are oops among the fields, we shouldn't carelessly load and compare:
+    // the GC might move the object in between.
+    // To signal this fast path cannot be done on this current class, simply put 0 in _fast_acmp_mask.
+    //
+    // We also should take care of not loading further than the object, even if it means reading part of the header.
+    // For this reason, we can't use _payload_offset, but we need our special offset.
+    // The offset doesn't need to be aligned on word boundary, or anything else.
+    //
+    int _fast_acmp_offset;    // if < 0, fast acmp doesn't apply
+    int64_t _fast_acmp_mask;  // can be 0 for empty value classes
+
+    Members();
+
+    void print_on(outputStream* st) const;
+  };
+
+  InlineKlass();
+
+ private:
+
+  // Constructor
+  InlineKlass(const ClassFileParser& parser);
+
+  // Calculates where the members are supposed to be placed
+  address calculate_members_address() const;
+
+  Members& members() {
+    assert(_adr_inline_klass_members != nullptr, "Should have been initialized");
+    return *reinterpret_cast<Members*>(_adr_inline_klass_members);
+  }
+
+  inline const Members& members() const {
+    InlineKlass* ik = const_cast<InlineKlass*>(this);
+    return const_cast<const Members&>(ik->members());
+  }
+
+ public:
+
+  bool is_empty_inline_type() const   { return _misc_flags.is_empty_inline_type(); }
+  void set_is_empty_inline_type()     { _misc_flags.set_is_empty_inline_type(true); }
+
+  // Members access functions
+
+  const Array<SigEntry>* extended_sig() const                 {return members()._extended_sig; }
+  void set_extended_sig(Array<SigEntry>* extended_sig)        { members()._extended_sig = extended_sig; }
+
+  const Array<VMRegPair>* return_regs() const                 { return members()._return_regs; }
+  void set_return_regs(Array<VMRegPair>* return_regs)         { members()._return_regs = return_regs; }
+
+  // pack and unpack handlers for inline types return
+
+  address pack_handler() const                                { return members()._pack_handler; }
+  void set_pack_handler(address pack_handler)                 { members()._pack_handler = pack_handler; }
+
+  address pack_handler_jobject() const                        { return members()._pack_handler_jobject; }
+  void set_pack_handler_jobject(address pack_handler_jobject) { members()._pack_handler_jobject = pack_handler_jobject; }
+
+  address unpack_handler() const                              { return members()._unpack_handler; }
+  void set_unpack_handler(address unpack_handler)             { members()._unpack_handler = unpack_handler; }
+
+  int null_reset_value_offset() const {
+    int offset = members()._null_reset_value_offset;
+    assert(offset != 0, "must not be called if not initialized");
+    return offset;
+  }
+  void set_null_reset_value_offset(int offset)                { members()._null_reset_value_offset = offset; }
+
+  int payload_offset() const {
+    int offset = members()._payload_offset;
+    assert(offset != 0, "Must be initialized before use");
+    return offset;
+  }
+  void set_payload_offset(int offset)                         { members()._payload_offset = offset; }
+
+  int payload_size_in_bytes() const                           { return members()._payload_size_in_bytes; }
+  void set_payload_size_in_bytes(int payload_size)            { members()._payload_size_in_bytes = payload_size; }
+
+  int payload_alignment() const                               { return members()._payload_alignment; }
+  void set_payload_alignment(int alignment)                   { members()._payload_alignment = alignment; }
+
+  int null_free_non_atomic_size_in_bytes() const              { return members()._null_free_non_atomic_size_in_bytes; }
+  void set_null_free_non_atomic_size_in_bytes(int size)       { members()._null_free_non_atomic_size_in_bytes = size; }
+  bool has_null_free_non_atomic_layout() const                { return null_free_non_atomic_size_in_bytes() != -1; }
+
+  int null_free_non_atomic_alignment() const                  { return members()._null_free_non_atomic_alignment; }
+  void set_null_free_non_atomic_alignment(int alignment)      { members()._null_free_non_atomic_alignment = alignment; }
+
+  int null_free_atomic_size_in_bytes() const                  { return members()._null_free_atomic_size_in_bytes; }
+  void set_null_free_atomic_size_in_bytes(int size)           { members()._null_free_atomic_size_in_bytes = size; }
+  bool has_null_free_atomic_layout() const                    { return null_free_atomic_size_in_bytes() != -1; }
+
+  int nullable_atomic_size_in_bytes() const                   { return members()._nullable_atomic_size_in_bytes; }
+  void set_nullable_atomic_size_in_bytes(int size)            { members()._nullable_atomic_size_in_bytes = size; }
+  bool has_nullable_atomic_layout() const                     { return nullable_atomic_size_in_bytes() != -1; }
+
+  int nullable_non_atomic_size_in_bytes() const               { return members()._nullable_non_atomic_size_in_bytes; }
+  void set_nullable_non_atomic_size_in_bytes(int size)        { members()._nullable_non_atomic_size_in_bytes = size; }
+  bool has_nullable_non_atomic_layout() const                 { return nullable_non_atomic_size_in_bytes() != -1; }
+
+  int null_marker_offset() const                              { return members()._null_marker_offset; }
+  void set_null_marker_offset(int offset)                     { members()._null_marker_offset = offset; }
+  int null_marker_offset_in_payload() const                   { return null_marker_offset() - payload_offset(); }
+
+  int fast_acmp_offset() const                                { return members()._fast_acmp_offset; }
+  void set_fast_acmp_offset(int offset)                       { members()._fast_acmp_offset = offset; }
+
+  int64_t fast_acmp_mask() const                              { return members()._fast_acmp_mask; }
+  void set_fast_acmp_mask(int64_t mask)                       { members()._fast_acmp_mask = mask; }
+
+  bool supports_nullable_layouts() const {
+    return has_nullable_non_atomic_layout() || has_nullable_atomic_layout();
+  }
+
+  jbyte* null_marker_address(address payload) {
+    assert(supports_nullable_layouts(), " Must do");
+    return (jbyte*)payload + null_marker_offset_in_payload();
+  }
+
+  bool is_payload_marked_as_null(address payload) {
+    assert(supports_nullable_layouts(), " Must do");
+    return *null_marker_address(payload) == 0;
+  }
+
+  void mark_payload_as_non_null(address payload) {
+    assert(supports_nullable_layouts(), " Must do");
+    *null_marker_address(payload) = 1;
+  }
+
+  void mark_payload_as_null(address payload) {
+    assert(supports_nullable_layouts(), " Must do");
+    *null_marker_address(payload) = 0;
+  }
+
+  inline bool layout_has_null_marker(LayoutKind lk) const;
+
+  inline bool is_layout_supported(LayoutKind lk) const;
+
+  inline int layout_alignment(LayoutKind kind) const;
+  inline int layout_size_in_bytes(LayoutKind kind) const;
+
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+  void remove_unshareable_info() override;
+#endif
+
+ private:
+  int collect_fields(GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int base_off = 0, int null_marker_offset = -1);
+
+  void cleanup_blobs();
+
+ public:
+  // Type testing
+  bool is_inline_klass_slow() const override { return true; }
+
+  // Casting from Klass*
+
+  static InlineKlass* cast(Klass* k) {
+    return const_cast<InlineKlass*>(cast(const_cast<const Klass*>(k)));
+  }
+
+  static const InlineKlass* cast(const Klass* k) {
+    assert(k != nullptr, "k should not be null");
+    assert(k->is_inline_klass(), "cast to InlineKlass");
+    return static_cast<const InlineKlass*>(k);
+  }
+
+  // Allocates a stand alone value in the Java heap
+  // initialized to default value (cleared memory)
+  inlineOop allocate_instance(TRAPS);
+
+  address payload_addr(oop o) const;
+
+  bool maybe_flat_in_array();
+
+  bool contains_oops() const { return nonstatic_oop_map_count() > 0; }
+  int nonstatic_oop_count();
+
+  // oop iterate raw inline type data pointer (where oop_addr may not be an oop, but backing/array-element)
+  template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
+  inline void oop_iterate_specialized(const address oop_addr, OopClosureType* closure);
+
+  template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
+  inline void oop_iterate_specialized_bounded(const address oop_addr, OopClosureType* closure, uintptr_t lo, uintptr_t hi);
+
+  // Support for the scalarized calling convention
+  void initialize_calling_convention(TRAPS);
+
+  bool can_be_passed_as_fields() const;
+  bool can_be_returned_as_fields(bool init = false) const;
+  void save_oop_fields(const RegisterMap& map, GrowableArray<Handle>& handles) const;
+  void restore_oop_results(RegisterMap& map, GrowableArray<Handle>& handles) const;
+  oop realloc_result(const RegisterMap& reg_map, const GrowableArray<Handle>& handles, TRAPS);
+  static InlineKlass* returned_inline_klass(const RegisterMap& reg_map, bool* return_oop = nullptr, Method* method = nullptr);
+
+  static ByteSize adr_members_offset() {
+    return InstanceKlass::adr_inline_klass_members_offset();
+  }
+
+  // pack and unpack handlers. Need to be loadable from generated code
+  // so at a fixed offset from the base of the klass pointer.
+  static ByteSize pack_handler_offset() {
+    return byte_offset_of(Members, _pack_handler);
+  }
+
+  static ByteSize pack_handler_jobject_offset() {
+    return byte_offset_of(Members, _pack_handler_jobject);
+  }
+
+  static ByteSize unpack_handler_offset() {
+    return byte_offset_of(Members, _unpack_handler);
+  }
+
+  static ByteSize null_reset_value_offset_offset() {
+    return byte_offset_of(Members, _null_reset_value_offset);
+  }
+
+  static ByteSize payload_offset_offset() {
+    return byte_offset_of(Members, _payload_offset);
+  }
+
+  static ByteSize null_marker_offset_offset() {
+    return byte_offset_of(Members, _null_marker_offset);
+  }
+
+  static ByteSize fast_acmp_offset_offset() {
+    return byte_offset_of(Members, _fast_acmp_offset);
+  }
+
+  static ByteSize fast_acmp_mask_offset() {
+    return byte_offset_of(Members, _fast_acmp_mask);
+  }
+
+  oop null_reset_value() const;
+  void set_null_reset_value(oop val);
+
+  void deallocate_contents(ClassLoaderData* loader_data);
+  static void cleanup(InlineKlass* ik) ;
+
+  void print_on(outputStream* st) const override;
+
+  // Verification
+  void verify_on(outputStream* st) override;
+  void oop_verify_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) override;
+};
+
+#endif // SHARE_VM_OOPS_INLINEKLASS_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..393c07fe9fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+#ifndef SHARE_VM_OOPS_INLINEKLASS_INLINE_HPP
+#define SHARE_VM_OOPS_INLINEKLASS_INLINE_HPP
+
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
+
+#include "oops/valuePayload.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/handles.hpp"
+#include "utilities/debug.hpp"
+#include "utilities/devirtualizer.inline.hpp"
+
+inline bool InlineKlass::layout_has_null_marker(LayoutKind lk) const {
+  assert(is_layout_supported(lk), "Must be");
+  return LayoutKindHelper::is_nullable_flat(lk) ||
+         (lk == LayoutKind::BUFFERED && supports_nullable_layouts());
+}
+
+inline bool InlineKlass::is_layout_supported(LayoutKind lk) const {
+  switch(lk) {
+    case LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+      return has_null_free_non_atomic_layout();
+      break;
+    case LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+      return has_null_free_atomic_layout();
+      break;
+    case LayoutKind::NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+      return has_nullable_atomic_layout();
+      break;
+    case LayoutKind::NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+      return has_nullable_non_atomic_layout();
+      break;
+    case LayoutKind::BUFFERED:
+      return true;
+      break;
+    default:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+}
+
+inline int InlineKlass::layout_size_in_bytes(LayoutKind kind) const {
+  switch(kind) {
+    case LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+      assert(has_null_free_non_atomic_layout(), "Layout not available");
+      return null_free_non_atomic_size_in_bytes();
+      break;
+    case LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+      assert(has_null_free_atomic_layout(), "Layout not available");
+      return null_free_atomic_size_in_bytes();
+      break;
+    case LayoutKind::NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+      assert(has_nullable_atomic_layout(), "Layout not available");
+      return nullable_atomic_size_in_bytes();
+      break;
+    case LayoutKind::NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+      assert(has_nullable_non_atomic_layout(), "Layout not available");
+      return nullable_non_atomic_size_in_bytes();
+      break;
+    case LayoutKind::BUFFERED:
+      return payload_size_in_bytes();
+      break;
+    default:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+}
+
+inline int InlineKlass::layout_alignment(LayoutKind kind) const {
+  switch(kind) {
+    case LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+      assert(has_null_free_non_atomic_layout(), "Layout not available");
+      return null_free_non_atomic_alignment();
+      break;
+    case LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+      assert(has_null_free_atomic_layout(), "Layout not available");
+      return null_free_atomic_size_in_bytes();
+      break;
+    case LayoutKind::NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+      assert(has_nullable_atomic_layout(), "Layout not available");
+      return nullable_atomic_size_in_bytes();
+      break;
+    case LayoutKind::NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+      assert(has_nullable_non_atomic_layout(), "Layout not available");
+      return null_free_non_atomic_alignment();
+    break;
+    case LayoutKind::BUFFERED:
+      return payload_alignment();
+      break;
+    default:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+}
+
+inline address InlineKlass::payload_addr(oop o) const {
+  return cast_from_oop<address>(o) + payload_offset();
+}
+
+template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
+void InlineKlass::oop_iterate_specialized(const address oop_addr, OopClosureType* closure) {
+  OopMapBlock* map = start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps();
+  OopMapBlock* const end_map = map + nonstatic_oop_map_count();
+
+  for (; map < end_map; map++) {
+    T* p = (T*) (oop_addr + map->offset());
+    T* const end = p + map->count();
+    for (; p < end; ++p) {
+      Devirtualizer::do_oop(closure, p);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
+inline void InlineKlass::oop_iterate_specialized_bounded(const address oop_addr, OopClosureType* closure, uintptr_t lo, uintptr_t hi) {
+  OopMapBlock* map = start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps();
+  OopMapBlock* const end_map = map + nonstatic_oop_map_count();
+
+  T* const l   = (T*) lo;
+  T* const h   = (T*) hi;
+
+  for (; map < end_map; map++) {
+    T* p = (T*) (oop_addr + map->offset());
+    T* end = p + map->count();
+    if (p < l) {
+      p = l;
+    }
+    if (end > h) {
+      end = h;
+    }
+    for (; p < end; ++p) {
+      Devirtualizer::do_oop(closure, p);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+#endif // SHARE_VM_OOPS_INLINEKLASS_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineOop.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineOop.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d466ec95a83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineOop.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_OOPS_INLINEOOP_HPP
+#define SHARE_OOPS_INLINEOOP_HPP
+
+
+#include "oops/instanceOop.hpp"
+
+// A buffered object of a java value class InlineKlass.
+class inlineOopDesc : public instanceOopDesc {
+};
+
+// See similar requirement for instanceOopDesc.
+static_assert(std::is_trivially_default_constructible<inlineOopDesc>::value, "required");
+
+#endif // SHARE_OOPS_INLINEOOP_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceClassLoaderKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceClassLoaderKlass.cpp
index 982a715c324..fe3b272d30f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceClassLoaderKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceClassLoaderKlass.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 
 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceClassLoaderKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp"
 
 InstanceClassLoaderKlass::InstanceClassLoaderKlass() {
   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_static_archive() || CDSConfig::is_using_archive(), "only for CDS");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
index 8161516421e..f335ccd5ed6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
@@ -64,15 +64,19 @@
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "oops/constantPool.hpp"
 #include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceClassLoaderKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceStackChunkKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/layoutKind.hpp"
+#include "oops/markWord.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/recordComponent.hpp"
+#include "oops/refArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/symbol.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiRedefineClasses.hpp"
@@ -98,6 +102,7 @@
 #include "utilities/events.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 #include "utilities/nativeStackPrinter.hpp"
+#include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
 #include "utilities/stringUtils.hpp"
 #ifdef COMPILER1
 #include "c1/c1_Compiler.hpp"
@@ -150,6 +155,51 @@
 
 #endif //  ndef DTRACE_ENABLED
 
+void InlineLayoutInfo::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
+  log_trace(cds)("Iter(InlineFieldInfo): %p", this);
+  it->push(&_klass);
+}
+
+void InlineLayoutInfo::print() const {
+  print_on(tty);
+}
+
+void InlineLayoutInfo::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
+  st->print_cr("_klass: " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(_klass));
+  if (_klass != nullptr) {
+    StreamIndentor si(st);
+    _klass->print_on(st);
+    st->cr();
+  }
+
+  st->print("_layout: ");
+  LayoutKindHelper::print_on(_kind, st);
+  st->cr();
+
+  st->print("_null_marker_offset: %d", _null_marker_offset);
+}
+
+// A value class is considered naturally atomic if its layout,
+// once all fields flattening have been applied, contains a single primitive
+// or oop field. Because primitive types and oops are already handled
+// atomically by the JVM, it means that there's no need to take
+// special precautions when reading or writing this value to guarantee
+// cross-fields invariants. Nullability has to be taken into consideration,
+// as the null-marker has to be considered as a pseudo-field which must
+// be kept consistent with the payload. The only kind of value class
+// that can be considered naturally atomic when nullable is the empty
+// value classes because the dummy field is re-used as a null-marker.
+bool InstanceKlass::is_naturally_atomic(bool null_free) const {
+  assert(!is_identity_class(), "Doesn't make sense for an identity class");
+  if (null_free) {
+    // No extra null-marker, just check the layout of the fields
+    return _misc_flags.is_naturally_atomic();
+  } else {
+    // Requires a null-marker, can't have any other fields
+    return InlineKlass::cast(this)->is_empty_inline_type();
+  }
+}
+
 bool InstanceKlass::_finalization_enabled = true;
 static int call_class_initializer_counter = 0;   // for debugging
 
@@ -172,6 +222,19 @@ static inline bool is_class_loader(const Symbol* class_name,
   return false;
 }
 
+bool InstanceKlass::field_is_null_free_inline_type(int index) const {
+  return field(index).field_flags().is_null_free_inline_type();
+}
+
+bool InstanceKlass::is_class_in_loadable_descriptors_attribute(Symbol* name) const {
+  if (_loadable_descriptors == nullptr) return false;
+  for (int i = 0; i < _loadable_descriptors->length(); i++) {
+    Symbol* class_name = _constants->symbol_at(_loadable_descriptors->at(i));
+    if (class_name == name) return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
 static inline bool is_stack_chunk_class(const Symbol* class_name,
                                         const ClassLoaderData* loader_data) {
   return (class_name == vmSymbols::jdk_internal_vm_StackChunk() &&
@@ -459,7 +522,8 @@ InstanceKlass* InstanceKlass::allocate_instance_klass(const ClassFileParser& par
   const int size = InstanceKlass::size(parser.vtable_size(),
                                        parser.itable_size(),
                                        nonstatic_oop_map_size(parser.total_oop_map_count()),
-                                       parser.is_interface());
+                                       parser.is_interface(),
+                                       parser.is_inline_type());
 
   const Symbol* const class_name = parser.class_name();
   assert(class_name != nullptr, "invariant");
@@ -481,6 +545,9 @@ InstanceKlass* InstanceKlass::allocate_instance_klass(const ClassFileParser& par
   } else if (is_class_loader(class_name, parser)) {
     // class loader - java.lang.ClassLoader
     ik = new (loader_data, size, THREAD) InstanceClassLoaderKlass(parser);
+  } else if (parser.is_inline_type()) {
+    // inline type
+    ik = new (loader_data, size, THREAD) InlineKlass(parser);
   } else {
     // normal
     ik = new (loader_data, size, THREAD) InstanceKlass(parser);
@@ -498,7 +565,6 @@ InstanceKlass* InstanceKlass::allocate_instance_klass(const ClassFileParser& par
   return ik;
 }
 
-
 // copy method ordering from resource area to Metaspace
 void InstanceKlass::copy_method_ordering(const intArray* m, TRAPS) {
   if (m != nullptr) {
@@ -525,8 +591,8 @@ InstanceKlass::InstanceKlass() {
   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_static_archive() || CDSConfig::is_using_archive(), "only for CDS");
 }
 
-InstanceKlass::InstanceKlass(const ClassFileParser& parser, KlassKind kind, ReferenceType reference_type) :
-  Klass(kind),
+InstanceKlass::InstanceKlass(const ClassFileParser& parser, KlassKind kind, markWord prototype_header, ReferenceType reference_type) :
+  Klass(kind, prototype_header),
   _nest_members(nullptr),
   _nest_host(nullptr),
   _permitted_subclasses(nullptr),
@@ -537,13 +603,21 @@ InstanceKlass::InstanceKlass(const ClassFileParser& parser, KlassKind kind, Refe
   _nest_host_index(0),
   _init_state(allocated),
   _reference_type(reference_type),
-  _init_thread(nullptr)
+  _acmp_maps_offset(0),
+  _init_thread(nullptr),
+  _inline_layout_info_array(nullptr),
+  _loadable_descriptors(nullptr),
+  _acmp_maps_array(nullptr),
+  _adr_inline_klass_members(nullptr)
 {
   set_vtable_length(parser.vtable_size());
   set_access_flags(parser.access_flags());
   if (parser.is_hidden()) set_is_hidden();
   set_layout_helper(Klass::instance_layout_helper(parser.layout_size(),
                                                     false));
+  if (parser.has_inlined_fields()) {
+    set_has_inlined_fields();
+  }
 
   assert(nullptr == _methods, "underlying memory not zeroed?");
   assert(is_instance_klass(), "is layout incorrect?");
@@ -699,6 +773,11 @@ void InstanceKlass::deallocate_contents(ClassLoaderData* loader_data) {
   }
   set_fields_status(nullptr);
 
+  if (inline_layout_info_array() != nullptr) {
+    MetadataFactory::free_array<InlineLayoutInfo>(loader_data, inline_layout_info_array());
+  }
+  set_inline_layout_info_array(nullptr);
+
   // If a method from a redefined class is using this constant pool, don't
   // delete it, yet.  The new class's previous version will point to this.
   if (constants() != nullptr) {
@@ -734,6 +813,18 @@ void InstanceKlass::deallocate_contents(ClassLoaderData* loader_data) {
   }
   set_permitted_subclasses(nullptr);
 
+  if (loadable_descriptors() != nullptr &&
+      loadable_descriptors() != Universe::the_empty_short_array() &&
+      !loadable_descriptors()->in_aot_cache()) {
+    MetadataFactory::free_array<jushort>(loader_data, loadable_descriptors());
+  }
+  set_loadable_descriptors(nullptr);
+
+  if (acmp_maps_array() != nullptr) {
+    MetadataFactory::free_array<int>(loader_data, acmp_maps_array());
+  }
+  set_acmp_maps_array(nullptr);
+
   // We should deallocate the Annotations instance if it's not in shared spaces.
   if (annotations() != nullptr && !annotations()->in_aot_cache()) {
     MetadataFactory::free_metadata(loader_data, annotations());
@@ -776,6 +867,28 @@ bool InstanceKlass::should_be_initialized() const {
   return !is_initialized();
 }
 
+// Static size helper
+int InstanceKlass::size(int vtable_length,
+                        int itable_length,
+                        int nonstatic_oop_map_size,
+                        bool is_interface,
+                        bool is_inline_type) {
+  return align_metadata_size(header_size() +
+         vtable_length +
+         itable_length +
+         nonstatic_oop_map_size +
+         (is_interface ? (int)sizeof(Klass*) / wordSize : 0) +
+         (is_inline_type ? (int)sizeof(InlineKlass::Members) / wordSize : 0));
+}
+
+int InstanceKlass::size() const {
+  return size(vtable_length(),
+              itable_length(),
+              nonstatic_oop_map_size(),
+              is_interface(),
+              is_inline_klass());
+}
+
 klassItable InstanceKlass::itable() const {
   return klassItable(const_cast<InstanceKlass*>(this));
 }
@@ -951,6 +1064,44 @@ bool InstanceKlass::verify_code(TRAPS) {
   return Verifier::verify(this, should_verify_class(), THREAD);
 }
 
+static void load_classes_from_loadable_descriptors_attribute(InstanceKlass *ik, TRAPS) {
+  if (ik->loadable_descriptors() != Universe::the_empty_short_array() && PreloadClasses) {
+    ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+    HandleMark hm(THREAD);
+    for (int i = 0; i < ik->loadable_descriptors()->length(); i++) {
+      Symbol* sig = ik->constants()->symbol_at(ik->loadable_descriptors()->at(i));
+      if (!Signature::has_envelope(sig)) continue;
+      TempNewSymbol class_name = Signature::strip_envelope(sig);
+      if (class_name == ik->name()) continue;
+      log_info(class, preload)("Preloading of class %s during linking of class %s "
+                               "because of the class is listed in the LoadableDescriptors attribute",
+                               sig->as_C_string(), ik->name()->as_C_string());
+      oop loader = ik->class_loader();
+      Klass* klass = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(class_name,
+                                                        Handle(THREAD, loader), THREAD);
+      if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
+        CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+      }
+      if (klass != nullptr) {
+        log_info(class, preload)("Preloading of class %s during linking of class %s "
+                                 "(cause: LoadableDescriptors attribute) succeeded",
+                                 class_name->as_C_string(), ik->name()->as_C_string());
+        if (!klass->is_inline_klass()) {
+          // Non value classes are allowed by the current spec, but it could be an indication
+          // of an issue so let's log a warning
+          log_info(class, preload)("Preloading of class %s during linking of class %s "
+                                      "(cause: LoadableDescriptors attribute) but loaded class is not a value class",
+                                      class_name->as_C_string(), ik->name()->as_C_string());
+        }
+      } else {
+        log_info(class, preload)("Preloading of class %s during linking of class %s "
+                                    "(cause: LoadableDescriptors attribute) failed",
+                                    class_name->as_C_string(), ik->name()->as_C_string());
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 void InstanceKlass::link_class(TRAPS) {
   assert(is_loaded(), "must be loaded");
   if (!is_linked()) {
@@ -1021,6 +1172,13 @@ bool InstanceKlass::link_class_impl(TRAPS) {
     interk->link_class_impl(CHECK_false);
   }
 
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    // Aggressively preloading all classes from the LoadableDescriptors attribute
+    // so inline classes can be scalarized in the calling conventions computed below
+    load_classes_from_loadable_descriptors_attribute(this, THREAD);
+    assert(!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION, "Shouldn't have pending exceptions from call above");
+  }
+
   // in case the class is linked in the process of linking its superclasses
   if (is_linked()) {
     return true;
@@ -1350,6 +1508,27 @@ void InstanceKlass::initialize_impl(TRAPS) {
   // would complicate the reentrant case (identity is platform thread).
   NoPreemptMark npm(THREAD);
 
+  // Pre-allocating an all-zero value to be used to reset nullable flat storages
+  if (is_inline_klass()) {
+      InlineKlass* vk = InlineKlass::cast(this);
+      if (vk->supports_nullable_layouts()) {
+        oop val = vk->allocate_instance(THREAD);
+        if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
+            Handle e(THREAD, PENDING_EXCEPTION);
+            CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+            {
+                EXCEPTION_MARK;
+                add_initialization_error(THREAD, e);
+                // Locks object, set state, and notify all waiting threads
+                set_initialization_state_and_notify(initialization_error, THREAD);
+                CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+            }
+            THROW_OOP(e());
+        }
+        vk->set_null_reset_value(val);
+      }
+  }
+
   // Step 7
   // Next, if C is a class rather than an interface, initialize it's super class and super
   // interfaces.
@@ -1403,6 +1582,36 @@ void InstanceKlass::initialize_impl(TRAPS) {
       }
       call_class_initializer(THREAD);
     }
+
+    if (has_strict_static_fields() && !HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
+      // Step 9 also verifies that strict static fields have been initialized.
+      // Status bits were set in ClassFileParser::post_process_parsed_stream.
+      // After <clinit>, bits must all be clear, or else we must throw an error.
+      // This is an extremely fast check, so we won't bother with a timer.
+      assert(fields_status() != nullptr, "");
+      Symbol* bad_strict_static = nullptr;
+      for (int index = 0; index < fields_status()->length(); index++) {
+        // Very fast loop over single byte array looking for a set bit.
+        if (fields_status()->adr_at(index)->is_strict_static_unset()) {
+          // This strict static field has not been set by the class initializer.
+          // Note that in the common no-error case, we read no field metadata.
+          // We only unpack it when we need to report an error.
+          FieldInfo fi = field(index);
+          bad_strict_static = fi.name(constants());
+          if (debug_logging_enabled) {
+            ResourceMark rm(jt);
+            const char* msg = format_strict_static_message(bad_strict_static);
+            log_debug(class, init)("%s", msg);
+          } else {
+            // If we are not logging, do not bother to look for a second offense.
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      if (bad_strict_static != nullptr) {
+        throw_strict_static_exception(bad_strict_static, "is unset after initialization of", THREAD);
+      }
+    }
   }
 
   // Step 9
@@ -1456,6 +1665,74 @@ void InstanceKlass::set_initialization_state_and_notify(ClassState state, TRAPS)
   }
 }
 
+void InstanceKlass::notify_strict_static_access(int field_index, bool is_writing, TRAPS) {
+  guarantee(field_index >= 0 && field_index < fields_status()->length(), "valid field index");
+  DEBUG_ONLY(FieldInfo debugfi = field(field_index));
+  assert(debugfi.access_flags().is_strict(), "");
+  assert(debugfi.access_flags().is_static(), "");
+  FieldStatus& fs = *fields_status()->adr_at(field_index);
+  LogTarget(Trace, class, init) lt;
+  if (lt.is_enabled()) {
+    ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+    LogStream ls(lt);
+    FieldInfo fi = field(field_index);
+    ls.print("notify %s %s %s%s ",
+             external_name(), is_writing? "Write" : "Read",
+             fs.is_strict_static_unset() ? "Unset" : "(set)",
+             fs.is_strict_static_unread() ? "+Unread" : "");
+    fi.print(&ls, constants());
+  }
+  if (fs.is_strict_static_unset()) {
+    assert(fs.is_strict_static_unread(), "ClassFileParser resp.");
+    // If it is not set, there are only two reasonable things we can do here:
+    // - mark it set if this is putstatic
+    // - throw an error (Read-Before-Write) if this is getstatic
+
+    // The unset state is (or should be) transient, and observable only in one
+    // thread during the execution of <clinit>.  Something is wrong here as this
+    // should not be possible
+    guarantee(is_reentrant_initialization(THREAD), "unscoped access to strict static");
+    if (is_writing) {
+      // clear the "unset" bit, since the field is actually going to be written
+      fs.update_strict_static_unset(false);
+    } else {
+      // throw an IllegalStateException, since we are reading before writing
+      // see also InstanceKlass::initialize_impl, Step 8 (at end)
+      Symbol* bad_strict_static = field(field_index).name(constants());
+      throw_strict_static_exception(bad_strict_static, "is unset before first read in", CHECK);
+    }
+  } else {
+    // Ensure no write after read for final strict statics
+    FieldInfo fi = field(field_index);
+    bool is_final = fi.access_flags().is_final();
+    if (is_final) {
+      // no final write after read, so observing a constant freezes it, as if <clinit> ended early
+      // (maybe we could trust the constant a little earlier, before <clinit> ends)
+      if (is_writing && !fs.is_strict_static_unread()) {
+        Symbol* bad_strict_static = fi.name(constants());
+        throw_strict_static_exception(bad_strict_static, "is set after read (as final) in", CHECK);
+      } else if (!is_writing && fs.is_strict_static_unread()) {
+        fs.update_strict_static_unread(false);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void InstanceKlass::throw_strict_static_exception(Symbol* field_name, const char* when, TRAPS) {
+  ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+  const char* msg = format_strict_static_message(field_name, when);
+  THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalStateException(), msg);
+}
+
+const char* InstanceKlass::format_strict_static_message(Symbol* field_name, const char* when) {
+  stringStream ss;
+  ss.print("Strict static \"%s\" %s %s",
+           field_name->as_C_string(),
+           when == nullptr ? "is unset in" : when,
+           external_name());
+  return ss.as_string();
+}
+
 // Update hierarchy. This is done before the new klass has been added to the SystemDictionary. The Compile_lock
 // is grabbed, to ensure that the compiler is not using the class hierarchy.
 void InstanceKlass::add_to_hierarchy(JavaThread* current) {
@@ -1732,7 +2009,7 @@ ArrayKlass* InstanceKlass::array_klass_or_null() {
 Method* InstanceKlass::class_initializer() const {
   Method* clinit = find_method(
       vmSymbols::class_initializer_name(), vmSymbols::void_method_signature());
-  if (clinit != nullptr && clinit->has_valid_initializer_flags()) {
+  if (clinit != nullptr && clinit->is_class_initializer()) {
     return clinit;
   }
   return nullptr;
@@ -1841,10 +2118,6 @@ void InstanceKlass::mask_for(const methodHandle& method, int bci,
   oop_map_cache->lookup(method, bci, entry_for);
 }
 
-bool InstanceKlass::contains_field_offset(int offset) {
-  fieldDescriptor fd;
-  return find_field_from_offset(offset, false, &fd);
-}
 
 FieldInfo InstanceKlass::field(int index) const {
   for (AllFieldStream fs(this); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {
@@ -1925,6 +2198,15 @@ Klass* InstanceKlass::find_field(Symbol* name, Symbol* sig, bool is_static, fiel
   return nullptr;
 }
 
+bool InstanceKlass::contains_field_offset(int offset) {
+  if (this->is_inline_klass()) {
+    InlineKlass* vk = InlineKlass::cast(this);
+    return offset >= vk->payload_offset() && offset < (vk->payload_offset() + vk->payload_size_in_bytes());
+  } else {
+    fieldDescriptor fd;
+    return find_field_from_offset(offset, false, &fd);
+  }
+}
 
 bool InstanceKlass::find_local_field_from_offset(int offset, bool is_static, fieldDescriptor* fd) const {
   for (JavaFieldStream fs(this); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {
@@ -1948,6 +2230,45 @@ bool InstanceKlass::find_field_from_offset(int offset, bool is_static, fieldDesc
   return false;
 }
 
+bool InstanceKlass::find_local_flat_field_containing_offset(int offset, fieldDescriptor* fd) const {
+  for (JavaFieldStream fs(this); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {
+    if (!fs.is_flat()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    if (fs.offset() > offset) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    const int offset_in_flat_field = offset - fs.offset();
+    const InlineLayoutInfo layout_info = inline_layout_info(fs.index());
+    const int field_size = layout_info.klass()->layout_size_in_bytes(layout_info.kind());
+
+    assert(LayoutKindHelper::is_flat(layout_info.kind()), "Must be flat");
+
+    if (offset_in_flat_field < field_size) {
+      fd->reinitialize(const_cast<InstanceKlass*>(this), fs.to_FieldInfo());
+      assert(!fd->is_static(), "Static fields are not flattened");
+
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+bool InstanceKlass::find_flat_field_containing_offset(int offset, fieldDescriptor* fd) const {
+  const InstanceKlass* klass = this;
+  while (klass != nullptr) {
+    if (klass->find_local_flat_field_containing_offset(offset, fd)) {
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    klass = klass->super();
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
 
 void InstanceKlass::methods_do(void f(Method* method)) {
   // Methods aren't stable until they are loaded.  This can be read outside
@@ -1967,7 +2288,7 @@ void InstanceKlass::methods_do(void f(Method* method)) {
 
 
 void InstanceKlass::do_local_static_fields(FieldClosure* cl) {
-  for (JavaFieldStream fs(this); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {
+  for (AllFieldStream fs(this); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {
     if (fs.access_flags().is_static()) {
       fieldDescriptor& fd = fs.field_descriptor();
       cl->do_field(&fd);
@@ -1977,7 +2298,7 @@ void InstanceKlass::do_local_static_fields(FieldClosure* cl) {
 
 
 void InstanceKlass::do_local_static_fields(void f(fieldDescriptor*, Handle, TRAPS), Handle mirror, TRAPS) {
-  for (JavaFieldStream fs(this); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {
+  for (AllFieldStream fs(this); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {
     if (fs.access_flags().is_static()) {
       fieldDescriptor& fd = fs.field_descriptor();
       f(&fd, mirror, CHECK);
@@ -2308,6 +2629,9 @@ Method* InstanceKlass::uncached_lookup_method(const Symbol* name,
     if (method != nullptr) {
       return method;
     }
+    if (name == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name()) {
+      break;  // <init> is never inherited
+    }
     klass = klass->super();
     overpass_local_mode = OverpassLookupMode::skip;   // Always ignore overpass methods in superclasses
   }
@@ -2720,7 +3044,10 @@ void InstanceKlass::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
   it->push(&_nest_host);
   it->push(&_nest_members);
   it->push(&_permitted_subclasses);
+  it->push(&_loadable_descriptors);
+  it->push(&_acmp_maps_array, MetaspaceClosure::_writable);
   it->push(&_record_components);
+  it->push(&_inline_layout_info_array, MetaspaceClosure::_writable);
 
   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_full_module_graph() && !defined_by_other_loaders()) {
     it->push(&_package_entry);
@@ -2772,7 +3099,7 @@ void InstanceKlass::remove_unshareable_info() {
     array_klasses()->remove_unshareable_info();
   }
 
-  // These are not allocated from metaspace. They are safe to set to null.
+  // These are not allocated from metaspace. They are safe to set to nullptr.
   _source_debug_extension = nullptr;
   _dep_context = nullptr;
   _osr_nmethods_head = nullptr;
@@ -2848,6 +3175,10 @@ void InstanceKlass::restore_unshareable_info(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, Handl
   set_package(loader_data, pkg_entry, CHECK);
   Klass::restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, protection_domain, CHECK);
 
+  if (is_inline_klass()) {
+    InlineKlass::cast(this)->initialize_calling_convention(CHECK);
+  }
+
   Array<Method*>* methods = this->methods();
   int num_methods = methods->length();
   for (int index = 0; index < num_methods; ++index) {
@@ -2877,13 +3208,31 @@ void InstanceKlass::restore_unshareable_info(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, Handl
   // restore constant pool resolved references
   constants()->restore_unshareable_info(CHECK);
 
+  // Restore acmp_maps java array from the version stored in metadata.
+  // if it cannot be found in the archive
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled() && has_acmp_maps_offset() && java_mirror()->obj_field(_acmp_maps_offset) == nullptr) {
+    int acmp_maps_size = _acmp_maps_array->length();
+    typeArrayOop map = oopFactory::new_intArray(acmp_maps_size, CHECK);
+    typeArrayHandle map_h(THREAD, map);
+    for (int i = 0; i < acmp_maps_size; i++) {
+      map_h->int_at_put(i, _acmp_maps_array->at(i));
+    }
+    java_mirror()->obj_field_put(_acmp_maps_offset, map_h());
+  }
+
   if (array_klasses() != nullptr) {
     // To get a consistent list of classes we need MultiArray_lock to ensure
     // array classes aren't observed while they are being restored.
     RecursiveLocker rl(MultiArray_lock, THREAD);
-    assert(this == array_klasses()->bottom_klass(), "sanity");
+    assert(this == ObjArrayKlass::cast(array_klasses())->bottom_klass(), "sanity");
     // Array classes have null protection domain.
     // --> see ArrayKlass::complete_create_array_klass()
+    if (class_loader_data() == nullptr) {
+      ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+      log_debug(cds)("  loader_data %s ", loader_data == nullptr ? "nullptr" : "non null");
+      log_debug(cds)("  this %s array_klasses %s ", this->name()->as_C_string(), array_klasses()->name()->as_C_string());
+    }
+    assert(!array_klasses()->is_refined_objArray_klass(), "must be non-refined objarrayklass");
     array_klasses()->restore_unshareable_info(class_loader_data(), Handle(), CHECK);
   }
 
@@ -3049,6 +3398,10 @@ void InstanceKlass::set_minor_version(u2 minor_version) { _constants->set_minor_
 u2 InstanceKlass::major_version() const                 { return _constants->major_version(); }
 void InstanceKlass::set_major_version(u2 major_version) { _constants->set_major_version(major_version); }
 
+bool InstanceKlass::supports_inline_types() const {
+  return major_version() >= Verifier::VALUE_TYPES_MAJOR_VERSION && minor_version() == Verifier::JAVA_PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION;
+}
+
 const InstanceKlass* InstanceKlass::get_klass_version(int version) const {
   for (const InstanceKlass* ik = this; ik != nullptr; ik = ik->previous_versions()) {
     if (ik->constants()->version() == version) {
@@ -3081,7 +3434,6 @@ u2 InstanceKlass::generic_signature_index() const                  { return _con
 void InstanceKlass::set_generic_signature_index(u2 sig_index)      { _constants->set_generic_signature_index(sig_index); }
 
 const char* InstanceKlass::signature_name() const {
-
   // Get the internal name as a c string
   const char* src = (const char*) (name()->as_C_string());
   const int src_length = (int)strlen(src);
@@ -3371,6 +3723,25 @@ bool InstanceKlass::find_inner_classes_attr(int* ooff, int* noff, TRAPS) const {
   return false;
 }
 
+void InstanceKlass::check_can_be_annotated_with_NullRestricted(InstanceKlass* type, Symbol* container_klass_name, TRAPS) {
+  assert(type->is_instance_klass(), "Sanity check");
+  if (type->is_identity_class()) {
+    ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(),
+              err_msg("Class %s expects class %s to be a value class, but it is an identity class",
+              container_klass_name->as_C_string(),
+              type->external_name()));
+  }
+
+  if (type->is_abstract()) {
+    ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(),
+              err_msg("Class %s expects class %s to be concrete value type, but it is an abstract class",
+              container_klass_name->as_C_string(),
+              type->external_name()));
+  }
+}
+
 InstanceKlass* InstanceKlass::compute_enclosing_class(bool* inner_is_member, TRAPS) const {
   InstanceKlass* outer_klass = nullptr;
   *inner_is_member = false;
@@ -3437,8 +3808,11 @@ u2 InstanceKlass::compute_modifier_flags() const {
       break;
     }
   }
-  // Remember to strip ACC_SUPER bit
-  return (access & (~JVM_ACC_SUPER));
+  if (!Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    // Remember to strip ACC_SUPER bit without Valhalla
+    access &= (~JVM_ACC_SUPER);
+  }
+  return access;
 }
 
 jint InstanceKlass::jvmti_class_status() const {
@@ -3724,6 +4098,10 @@ void InstanceKlass::print_class_flags(outputStream* st) const {
   if (flags.is_annotation()) st->print("annotation ");
   if (flags.is_enum      ()) st->print("enum ");
   if (flags.is_synthetic ()) st->print("synthetic ");
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    if (flags.is_identity_class()) st->print("identity ");
+    if (!flags.is_identity_class()) st->print("value "  );
+  }
 }
 
 void InstanceKlass::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
@@ -3760,31 +4138,28 @@ void InstanceKlass::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
   }
 
   st->print(BULLET"arrays:            "); Metadata::print_value_on_maybe_null(st, array_klasses()); st->cr();
-  st->print(BULLET"methods:           "); methods()->print_value_on(st);               st->cr();
-  if (Verbose || WizardMode) {
-    Array<Method*>* method_array = methods();
-    for (int i = 0; i < method_array->length(); i++) {
-      st->print("%d : ", i); method_array->at(i)->print_value(); st->cr();
-    }
-  }
-  st->print(BULLET"method ordering:   "); method_ordering()->print_value_on(st);      st->cr();
+  st->print(BULLET"methods:           ");
+  print_array_on(st, methods(), [](outputStream* ost, Method* method) {
+    method->print_value_on(ost);
+  });
+  st->print(BULLET"method ordering:   ");
+  print_array_on(st, method_ordering(), [](outputStream* ost, int i) {
+    ost->print("%d", i);
+  });
   if (default_methods() != nullptr) {
-    st->print(BULLET"default_methods:   "); default_methods()->print_value_on(st);    st->cr();
-    if (Verbose) {
-      Array<Method*>* method_array = default_methods();
-      for (int i = 0; i < method_array->length(); i++) {
-        st->print("%d : ", i); method_array->at(i)->print_value(); st->cr();
-      }
-    }
+    st->print(BULLET"default_methods:   ");
+    print_array_on(st, default_methods(), [](outputStream* ost, Method* method) {
+      method->print_value_on(ost);
+    });
   }
   print_on_maybe_null(st, BULLET"default vtable indices:   ", default_vtable_indices());
   st->print(BULLET"local interfaces:  "); local_interfaces()->print_value_on(st);      st->cr();
   st->print(BULLET"trans. interfaces: "); transitive_interfaces()->print_value_on(st); st->cr();
 
-  st->print(BULLET"secondary supers: "); secondary_supers()->print_value_on(st); st->cr();
+  st->print(BULLET"secondary supers:  "); secondary_supers()->print_value_on(st); st->cr();
 
   st->print(BULLET"hash_slot:         %d", hash_slot()); st->cr();
-  st->print(BULLET"secondary bitmap: " UINTX_FORMAT_X_0, _secondary_supers_bitmap); st->cr();
+  st->print(BULLET"secondary bitmap:  " UINTX_FORMAT_X_0, _secondary_supers_bitmap); st->cr();
 
   if (secondary_supers() != nullptr) {
     if (Verbose) {
@@ -3805,7 +4180,7 @@ void InstanceKlass::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
   }
   st->print(BULLET"constants:         "); constants()->print_value_on(st);         st->cr();
 
-  print_on_maybe_null(st, BULLET"class loader data:  ", class_loader_data());
+  print_on_maybe_null(st, BULLET"class loader data: ", class_loader_data());
   print_on_maybe_null(st, BULLET"source file:       ", source_file_name());
   if (source_debug_extension() != nullptr) {
     st->print(BULLET"source debug extension:       ");
@@ -3832,9 +4207,10 @@ void InstanceKlass::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
 
   print_on_maybe_null(st, BULLET"generic signature: ", generic_signature());
   st->print(BULLET"inner classes:     "); inner_classes()->print_value_on(st);     st->cr();
-  st->print(BULLET"nest members:     "); nest_members()->print_value_on(st);     st->cr();
+  st->print(BULLET"nest members:      "); nest_members()->print_value_on(st);     st->cr();
   print_on_maybe_null(st, BULLET"record components:     ", record_components());
   st->print(BULLET"permitted subclasses:     "); permitted_subclasses()->print_value_on(st);     st->cr();
+  st->print(BULLET"loadable descriptors:     "); loadable_descriptors()->print_value_on(st); st->cr();
   if (java_mirror() != nullptr) {
     st->print(BULLET"java mirror:       ");
     java_mirror()->print_value_on(st);
@@ -3846,14 +4222,14 @@ void InstanceKlass::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
   if (vtable_length() > 0 && (Verbose || WizardMode))  print_vtable(start_of_vtable(), vtable_length(), st);
   st->print(BULLET"itable length      %d (start addr: " PTR_FORMAT ")", itable_length(), p2i(start_of_itable())); st->cr();
   if (itable_length() > 0 && (Verbose || WizardMode))  print_vtable(start_of_itable(), itable_length(), st);
-  st->print_cr(BULLET"---- static fields (%d words):", static_field_size());
 
-  FieldPrinter print_static_field(st);
-  ((InstanceKlass*)this)->do_local_static_fields(&print_static_field);
-  st->print_cr(BULLET"---- non-static fields (%d words):", nonstatic_field_size());
-  FieldPrinter print_nonstatic_field(st);
   InstanceKlass* ik = const_cast<InstanceKlass*>(this);
-  ik->print_nonstatic_fields(&print_nonstatic_field);
+  // There is no oop so static and nonstatic printing can use the same printer.
+  FieldPrinter field_printer(st);
+  st->print_cr(BULLET"---- static fields (%d words):", static_field_size());
+  ik->do_local_static_fields(&field_printer);
+  st->print_cr(BULLET"---- non-static fields (%d words):", nonstatic_field_size());
+  ik->print_nonstatic_fields(&field_printer);
 
   st->print(BULLET"non-static oop maps (%d entries): ", nonstatic_oop_map_count());
   OopMapBlock* map     = start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps();
@@ -3877,18 +4253,20 @@ void InstanceKlass::print_value_on(outputStream* st) const {
 }
 
 void FieldPrinter::do_field(fieldDescriptor* fd) {
+  for (int i = 0; i < _indent; i++) _st->print("  ");
   _st->print(BULLET);
-   if (_obj == nullptr) {
-     fd->print_on(_st);
-     _st->cr();
-   } else {
-     fd->print_on_for(_st, _obj);
-     _st->cr();
-   }
+  // Handles the cases of static fields or instance fields but no oop is given.
+  if (_obj == nullptr) {
+    fd->print_on(_st, _base_offset);
+    _st->cr();
+  } else {
+    fd->print_on_for(_st, _obj, _indent, _base_offset);
+    if (!fd->field_flags().is_flat()) _st->cr();
+  }
 }
 
 
-void InstanceKlass::oop_print_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) {
+void InstanceKlass::oop_print_on(oop obj, outputStream* st, int indent, int base_offset) {
   Klass::oop_print_on(obj, st);
 
   if (this == vmClasses::String_klass()) {
@@ -3904,7 +4282,7 @@ void InstanceKlass::oop_print_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) {
   }
 
   st->print_cr(BULLET"---- fields (total size %zu words):", oop_size(obj));
-  FieldPrinter print_field(st, obj);
+  FieldPrinter print_field(st, obj, indent, base_offset);
   print_nonstatic_fields(&print_field);
 
   if (this == vmClasses::Class_klass()) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.hpp
index 721a50c73c6..8ddf3893fd5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.hpp
@@ -25,13 +25,16 @@
 #ifndef SHARE_OOPS_INSTANCEKLASS_HPP
 #define SHARE_OOPS_INSTANCEKLASS_HPP
 
+#include "code/vmreg.hpp"
 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
 #include "memory/referenceType.hpp"
 #include "oops/annotations.hpp"
+#include "oops/arrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/constMethod.hpp"
 #include "oops/fieldInfo.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlassFlags.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceOop.hpp"
+#include "oops/refArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
 #include "utilities/accessFlags.hpp"
@@ -52,10 +55,12 @@ class RecordComponent;
 
 //  InstanceKlass embedded field layout (after declared fields):
 //    [EMBEDDED Java vtable             ] size in words = vtable_len
+//    [EMBEDDED Java itable             ] size in words = itable_len
 //    [EMBEDDED nonstatic oop-map blocks] size in words = nonstatic_oop_map_size
 //      The embedded nonstatic oop-map blocks are short pairs (offset, length)
 //      indicating where oops are located in instances of this klass.
-//    [EMBEDDED implementor of the interface] only exist for interface
+//    [EMBEDDED implementor of the interface] only exists for interface
+//    [EMBEDDED InlineKlass::Members] only if is an InlineKlass instance
 
 
 // forward declaration for class -- see below for definition
@@ -82,12 +87,17 @@ class FieldClosure: public StackObj {
 };
 
 // Print fields.
-// If "obj" argument to constructor is null, prints static fields, otherwise prints non-static fields.
+// If "obj" argument to constructor is null, prints fields as if they are static fields,
+// otherwise prints non-static fields. It is possible to print non-static fields the same
+// way as static fields when no oops are available, such as when debug printing classes.
 class FieldPrinter: public FieldClosure {
    oop _obj;
    outputStream* _st;
+   int _indent;
+   int _base_offset;
  public:
-   FieldPrinter(outputStream* st, oop obj = nullptr) : _obj(obj), _st(st) {}
+   FieldPrinter(outputStream* st, oop obj = nullptr, int indent = 0, int base_offset = 0) :
+                 _obj(obj), _st(st), _indent(indent), _base_offset(base_offset) {}
    void do_field(fieldDescriptor* fd);
 };
 
@@ -131,16 +141,51 @@ class OopMapBlock {
 
 struct JvmtiCachedClassFileData;
 
+class InlineLayoutInfo : public MetaspaceObj {
+  InlineKlass* _klass;
+  LayoutKind _kind;
+  int _null_marker_offset; // null marker offset for this field, relative to the beginning of the current container
+
+ public:
+  InlineLayoutInfo(): _klass(nullptr), _kind(LayoutKind::UNKNOWN), _null_marker_offset(-1)  {}
+
+  InlineKlass* klass() const { return _klass; }
+  void set_klass(InlineKlass* k) { _klass = k; }
+
+  LayoutKind kind() const {
+    assert(_kind != LayoutKind::UNKNOWN, "Not set");
+    return _kind;
+  }
+  void set_kind(LayoutKind lk) { _kind = lk; }
+
+  int null_marker_offset() const {
+    assert(_null_marker_offset != -1, "Not set");
+    return _null_marker_offset;
+  }
+  void set_null_marker_offset(int o) { _null_marker_offset = o; }
+
+  void metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it);
+  MetaspaceObj::Type type() const { return InlineLayoutInfoType; }
+
+  static ByteSize klass_offset() { return byte_offset_of(InlineLayoutInfo, _klass); }
+  static ByteSize null_marker_offset_offset() { return byte_offset_of(InlineLayoutInfo, _null_marker_offset); }
+
+  // Print
+  void print() const;
+  void print_on(outputStream* st) const;
+};
+
 class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
   friend class VMStructs;
   friend class ClassFileParser;
   friend class CompileReplay;
+  friend class TemplateTable;
 
  public:
   static const KlassKind Kind = InstanceKlassKind;
 
  protected:
-  InstanceKlass(const ClassFileParser& parser, KlassKind kind = Kind, ReferenceType reference_type = REF_NONE);
+  InstanceKlass(const ClassFileParser& parser, KlassKind kind = Kind, markWord prototype = markWord::prototype(), ReferenceType reference_type = REF_NONE);
 
  public:
   InstanceKlass();
@@ -228,7 +273,10 @@ class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
   // _idnum_allocated_count.
   volatile ClassState _init_state;          // state of class
 
-  u1                 _reference_type;                // reference type
+  u1              _reference_type;          // reference type
+  int             _acmp_maps_offset;        // offset to injected static field storing .acmp_maps for value classes
+                                            // unfortunately, abstract values need one too so it cannot be stored in
+                                            // the InlineKlass::Members that only exist for InlineKlass.
 
   AccessFlags        _access_flags;    // Access flags. The class/interface distinction is stored here.
 
@@ -278,18 +326,15 @@ class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
   Array<u1>*          _fieldinfo_search_table;
   Array<FieldStatus>* _fields_status;
 
-  // embedded Java vtable follows here
-  // embedded Java itables follows here
-  // embedded static fields follows here
-  // embedded nonstatic oop-map blocks follows here
-  // embedded implementor of this interface follows here
-  //   The embedded implementor only exists if the current klass is an
-  //   interface. The possible values of the implementor fall into following
-  //   three cases:
-  //     null: no implementor.
-  //     A Klass* that's not itself: one implementor.
-  //     Itself: more than one implementors.
-  //
+  Array<InlineLayoutInfo>* _inline_layout_info_array;
+  Array<u2>* _loadable_descriptors;
+  Array<int>* _acmp_maps_array; // Metadata copy of the acmp_maps oop used in value classes.
+                                // When loading an inline klass from the CDS/AOT archive
+                                // this copy can be used to regenerate the ".acmp_maps" oop
+                                // if it is not stored in the archive.
+
+  // Located here because sub-klasses can't have their own C++ fields
+  address _adr_inline_klass_members;
 
   friend class SystemDictionary;
 
@@ -314,9 +359,9 @@ class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
   bool is_final() const                 { return _access_flags.is_final(); }
   bool is_interface() const override    { return _access_flags.is_interface(); }
   bool is_abstract() const override     { return _access_flags.is_abstract(); }
-  bool is_super() const                 { return _access_flags.is_super(); }
   bool is_synthetic() const             { return _access_flags.is_synthetic(); }
   void set_is_synthetic()               { _access_flags.set_is_synthetic(); }
+  bool is_identity_class() const override { return _access_flags.is_identity_class(); }
 
   static ByteSize access_flags_offset() { return byte_offset_of(InstanceKlass, _access_flags); }
 
@@ -339,6 +384,24 @@ class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
   bool has_localvariable_table() const     { return _misc_flags.has_localvariable_table(); }
   void set_has_localvariable_table(bool b) { _misc_flags.set_has_localvariable_table(b); }
 
+  bool has_inlined_fields() const { return _misc_flags.has_inlined_fields(); }
+  void set_has_inlined_fields()   { _misc_flags.set_has_inlined_fields(true); }
+
+  bool has_null_restricted_static_fields() const { return _misc_flags.has_null_restricted_static_fields(); }
+  void set_has_null_restricted_static_fields()   { _misc_flags.set_has_null_restricted_static_fields(true); }
+
+  bool is_naturally_atomic(bool null_free) const;
+  void set_is_naturally_atomic()    { _misc_flags.set_is_naturally_atomic(true); }
+
+  // Query if this class has atomicity requirements (default is yes)
+  // This bit can occur anywhere, but is only significant
+  // for inline classes *and* their super types.
+  // It inherits from supers.
+  // Its value depends on the ForceNonTearable VM option, the LooselyConsistentValue annotation
+  // and the presence of flat fields with atomicity requirements
+  bool must_be_atomic() const { return _misc_flags.must_be_atomic(); }
+  void set_must_be_atomic()   { _misc_flags.set_must_be_atomic(true); }
+
   bool fail_over_verified() const { return _misc_flags.fail_over_verified(); }
   void set_fail_over_verified() { _misc_flags.set_fail_over_verified(true); }
 
@@ -409,6 +472,12 @@ class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
   FieldStatus field_status(int index)   const { return fields_status()->at(index); }
   inline Symbol* field_name        (int index) const;
   inline Symbol* field_signature   (int index) const;
+  bool field_is_flat(int index) const { return field_flags(index).is_flat(); }
+  bool field_has_null_marker(int index) const { return field_flags(index).has_null_marker(); }
+  bool field_is_null_free_inline_type(int index) const;
+  bool is_class_in_loadable_descriptors_attribute(Symbol* name) const;
+
+  int field_null_marker_offset(int index) const { return inline_layout_info(index).null_marker_offset(); }
 
   // Number of Java declared fields
   int java_fields_count() const;
@@ -423,6 +492,12 @@ class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
   Array<FieldStatus>* fields_status() const {return _fields_status; }
   void set_fields_status(Array<FieldStatus>* array) { _fields_status = array; }
 
+  Array<u2>* loadable_descriptors() const { return _loadable_descriptors; }
+  void set_loadable_descriptors(Array<u2>* c) { _loadable_descriptors = c; }
+
+  Array<int>* acmp_maps_array() const { return _acmp_maps_array; }
+  void set_acmp_maps_array(Array<int>* array) { _acmp_maps_array = array; }
+
   // inner classes
   Array<u2>* inner_classes() const       { return _inner_classes; }
   void set_inner_classes(Array<u2>* f)   { _inner_classes = f; }
@@ -518,6 +593,9 @@ class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
   // Find InnerClasses attribute and return outer_class_info_index & inner_name_index.
   bool find_inner_classes_attr(int* ooff, int* noff, TRAPS) const;
 
+  // Check if this klass can be null-free
+  static void check_can_be_annotated_with_NullRestricted(InstanceKlass* type, Symbol* container_klass_name, TRAPS);
+
  private:
   // Check prohibited package ("java/" only loadable by boot or platform loaders)
   static void check_prohibited_package(Symbol* class_name,
@@ -553,6 +631,9 @@ class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
   bool is_marked_dependent() const         { return _misc_flags.is_marked_dependent(); }
   void set_is_marked_dependent(bool value) { _misc_flags.set_is_marked_dependent(value); }
 
+  static ByteSize kind_offset() { return byte_offset_of(InstanceKlass, _kind); }
+  static ByteSize misc_flags_offset() { return byte_offset_of(InstanceKlass, _misc_flags); }
+
   // initialization (virtuals from Klass)
   bool should_be_initialized() const override;  // means that initialize should be called
   void initialize_with_aot_initialized_mirror(bool early_init, TRAPS);
@@ -569,6 +650,17 @@ class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
   // reference type
   ReferenceType reference_type() const     { return (ReferenceType)_reference_type; }
 
+  bool has_acmp_maps_offset() const {
+    return _acmp_maps_offset != 0;
+  }
+
+  int acmp_maps_offset() const {
+    assert(_acmp_maps_offset != 0, "Not initialized");
+    return _acmp_maps_offset;
+  }
+  void set_acmp_maps_offset(int offset) { _acmp_maps_offset = offset; }
+  static ByteSize acmp_maps_offset_offset() { return byte_offset_of(InstanceKlass, _acmp_maps_offset); }
+
   // this class cp index
   u2 this_class_index() const             { return _this_class_index; }
   void set_this_class_index(u2 index)     { _this_class_index = index; }
@@ -590,6 +682,9 @@ class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
   bool find_local_field_from_offset(int offset, bool is_static, fieldDescriptor* fd) const;
   bool find_field_from_offset(int offset, bool is_static, fieldDescriptor* fd) const;
 
+  bool find_local_flat_field_containing_offset(int offset, fieldDescriptor* fd) const;
+  bool find_flat_field_containing_offset(int offset, fieldDescriptor* fd) const;
+
  private:
   inline static int quick_search(const Array<Method*>* methods, const Symbol* name);
 
@@ -681,6 +776,8 @@ class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
   u2 major_version() const;
   void set_major_version(u2 major_version);
 
+  bool supports_inline_types() const;
+
   // source debug extension
   const char* source_debug_extension() const { return _source_debug_extension; }
   void set_source_debug_extension(const char* array, int length);
@@ -787,6 +884,13 @@ class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
   inline u2 next_method_idnum();
   void set_initial_method_idnum(u2 value)             { _idnum_allocated_count = value; }
 
+  // runtime support for strict statics
+  bool has_strict_static_fields() const     { return _misc_flags.has_strict_static_fields(); }
+  void set_has_strict_static_fields(bool b) { _misc_flags.set_has_strict_static_fields(b); }
+  void notify_strict_static_access(int field_index, bool is_writing, TRAPS);
+  const char* format_strict_static_message(Symbol* field_name, const char* doing_what = nullptr);
+  void throw_strict_static_exception(Symbol* field_name, const char* when, TRAPS);
+
   // generics support
   Symbol* generic_signature() const;
   u2 generic_signature_index() const;
@@ -880,6 +984,9 @@ class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
   JFR_ONLY(DEFINE_KLASS_TRACE_ID_OFFSET;)
   static ByteSize init_thread_offset() { return byte_offset_of(InstanceKlass, _init_thread); }
 
+  static ByteSize inline_layout_info_array_offset() { return byte_offset_of(InstanceKlass, _inline_layout_info_array); }
+  static ByteSize adr_inline_klass_members_offset() { return byte_offset_of(InstanceKlass, _adr_inline_klass_members); }
+
   // subclass/subinterface checks
   bool implements_interface(Klass* k) const;
   bool is_same_or_direct_interface(Klass* k) const;
@@ -890,6 +997,13 @@ class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
 #endif
 
   // Access to the implementor of an interface.
+  //   The embedded implementor only exists if the current klass is an
+  //   interface. The possible values of the implementor fall into following
+  //   three cases:
+  //     null: no implementor.
+  //     A Klass* that's not itself: one implementor.
+  //     Itself: more than one implementors.
+  //
   InstanceKlass* implementor() const;
   void set_implementor(InstanceKlass* ik);
   int  nof_implementors() const;
@@ -905,7 +1019,7 @@ class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
   GrowableArray<Klass*>* compute_secondary_supers(int num_extra_slots,
                                                   Array<InstanceKlass*>* transitive_interfaces) override;
   bool can_be_primary_super_slow() const override;
-  size_t oop_size(oop obj) const override { return size_helper(); }
+  size_t oop_size(oop obj)  const override    { return size_helper(); }
   // slow because it's a virtual call and used for verifying the layout_helper.
   // Using the layout_helper bits, we can call is_instance_klass without a virtual call.
   DEBUG_ONLY(bool is_instance_klass_slow() const override { return true; })
@@ -939,23 +1053,15 @@ class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
   }
 
   // Sizing (in words)
-  static int header_size()            { return sizeof(InstanceKlass)/wordSize; }
+  static int header_size() { return sizeof(InstanceKlass) / wordSize; }
 
-  static int size(int vtable_length, int itable_length,
+  static int size(int vtable_length,
+                  int itable_length,
                   int nonstatic_oop_map_size,
-                  bool is_interface) {
-    return align_metadata_size(header_size() +
-           vtable_length +
-           itable_length +
-           nonstatic_oop_map_size +
-           (is_interface ? (int)sizeof(Klass*)/wordSize : 0));
-  }
+                  bool is_interface,
+                  bool is_inline_type);
 
-  int size() const override           { return size(vtable_length(),
-                                                    itable_length(),
-                                                    nonstatic_oop_map_size(),
-                                                    is_interface());
-  }
+  int size() const override;
 
 
   inline intptr_t* start_of_itable() const;
@@ -967,6 +1073,26 @@ class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
 
   inline InstanceKlass* volatile* adr_implementor() const;
 
+  // The end of the memory block that belongs to this InstanceKlass.
+  // Sub-klasses can place their fields after this address.
+  inline address end_of_instance_klass() const;
+
+  void set_inline_layout_info_array(Array<InlineLayoutInfo>* array) { _inline_layout_info_array = array; }
+  Array<InlineLayoutInfo>* inline_layout_info_array() const { return _inline_layout_info_array; }
+
+  InlineLayoutInfo inline_layout_info(int index) const {
+    assert(_inline_layout_info_array != nullptr, "Array not created");
+    return _inline_layout_info_array->at(index);
+  }
+
+  InlineLayoutInfo* inline_layout_info_adr(int index) {
+    assert(_inline_layout_info_array != nullptr, "Array not created");
+    return _inline_layout_info_array->adr_at(index);
+  }
+
+  inline InlineKlass* get_inline_type_field_klass(int idx) const ;
+  inline InlineKlass* get_inline_type_field_klass_or_null(int idx) const;
+
   // Use this to return the size of an instance in heap words:
   int size_helper() const {
     return layout_helper_to_size_helper(layout_helper());
@@ -1142,7 +1268,7 @@ class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
   void remove_unshareable_info() override;
   void remove_unshareable_flags();
   void remove_java_mirror() override;
-  void restore_unshareable_info(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, Handle protection_domain, PackageEntry* pkg_entry, TRAPS);
+  virtual void restore_unshareable_info(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, Handle protection_domain, PackageEntry* pkg_entry, TRAPS);
   void init_shared_package_entry();
   bool can_be_verified_at_dumptime() const;
   void compute_has_loops_flag_for_methods();
@@ -1170,7 +1296,8 @@ class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
 
   void oop_print_value_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) override;
 
-  void oop_print_on      (oop obj, outputStream* st) override;
+  void oop_print_on      (oop obj, outputStream* st) override { oop_print_on(obj, st, 0, 0); }
+  void oop_print_on      (oop obj, outputStream* st, int indent = 0, int base_offset = 0);
 
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   void print_dependent_nmethods(bool verbose = false);
@@ -1180,6 +1307,9 @@ class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
 
   const char* internal_name() const override;
 
+  template<typename T, typename TClosureType>
+  static void print_array_on(outputStream* st, Array<T>* array, TClosureType elem_printer);
+
   // Verification
   void verify_on(outputStream* st) override;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp
index 1602e3e87c4..c0e658887e2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -63,6 +63,26 @@ inline InstanceKlass* volatile* InstanceKlass::adr_implementor() const {
   }
 }
 
+inline address InstanceKlass::end_of_instance_klass() const {
+  return (address)end_of_nonstatic_oop_maps() +
+      (is_interface() ? sizeof(InstanceKlass*) : 0);
+}
+
+inline InlineKlass* InstanceKlass::get_inline_type_field_klass(int idx) const {
+  assert(has_inlined_fields() || has_null_restricted_static_fields(), "Sanity checking");
+  assert(idx < java_fields_count(), "IOOB");
+  InlineKlass* k = inline_layout_info(idx).klass();
+  assert(k != nullptr, "Should always be set before being read");
+  return k;
+}
+
+inline InlineKlass* InstanceKlass::get_inline_type_field_klass_or_null(int idx) const {
+  assert(has_inlined_fields() || has_null_restricted_static_fields(), "Sanity checking");
+  assert(idx < java_fields_count(), "IOOB");
+  InlineKlass* k = inline_layout_info(idx).klass();
+  return k;
+}
+
 inline ObjArrayKlass* InstanceKlass::array_klasses_acquire() const {
   return AtomicAccess::load_acquire(&_array_klasses);
 }
@@ -178,4 +198,17 @@ ALWAYSINLINE void InstanceKlass::oop_oop_iterate_bounded(oop obj, OopClosureType
   oop_oop_iterate_oop_maps_bounded<T>(obj, closure, mr);
 }
 
+template<typename T, typename TConsumerType>
+inline void InstanceKlass::print_array_on(outputStream* st, Array<T>* array, TConsumerType elem_printer) {
+   if (array == nullptr) { st->print_cr("nullptr"); return; }
+   array->print_value_on(st); st->cr();
+   if (Verbose || WizardMode) {
+     for (int i = 0; i < array->length(); i++) {
+       st->print("%d : ", i);
+       elem_printer(st, array->at(i));
+       st->cr();
+     }
+   }
+}
+
 #endif // SHARE_OOPS_INSTANCEKLASS_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlassFlags.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlassFlags.hpp
index 84041a3a0e7..05c453c6304 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlassFlags.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlassFlags.hpp
@@ -53,16 +53,30 @@ class InstanceKlassFlags {
     flag(has_localvariable_table            , 1 << 11) /* has localvariable information */ \
     flag(has_miranda_methods                , 1 << 12) /* True if this class has miranda methods in it's vtable */ \
     flag(has_final_method                   , 1 << 13) /* True if klass has final method */ \
-    flag(trust_final_fields                 , 1 << 14) /* All instance final fields in this class should be trusted */ \
-    flag(fail_over_verified           , 1 << 15) /* class failed split verification but passed inference verification */ \
+    flag(has_inlined_fields                 , 1 << 14) /* has inlined fields and related embedded section is not empty */ \
+    flag(is_empty_inline_type               , 1 << 15) /* empty inline type (*) */ \
+    flag(is_naturally_atomic                , 1 << 16) /* loaded/stored in one instruction*/ \
+    flag(must_be_atomic                     , 1 << 17) /* doesn't allow tearing */ \
+    flag(has_loosely_consistent_annotation  , 1 << 18) /* the class has the LooselyConsistentValue annotation WARNING: it doesn't automatically mean that the class allows tearing */ \
+    flag(has_strict_static_fields           , 1 << 19) /* True if strict static fields declared */ \
+    flag(trust_final_fields                 , 1 << 20) /* All instance final fields in this class should be trusted */ \
+    flag(has_null_restricted_static_fields  , 1 << 21) /* True if static null restricted fields declared */ \
+    flag(fail_over_verified                 , 1 << 22) /* class failed split verification but passed inference verification */ \
     /* end of list */
 
+    // (*) An inline type is considered empty if it contains no non-static fields or
+    //  if it contains only empty inline fields. Note that JITs have a slightly different
+    //  definition: empty inline fields must be flat otherwise the container won't
+    //  be considered empty.
+
+public:
 #define IK_FLAGS_ENUM_NAME(name, value)    _misc_##name = value,
   enum {
     IK_FLAGS_DO(IK_FLAGS_ENUM_NAME)
   };
 #undef IK_FLAGS_ENUM_NAME
 
+private:
 #define IK_STATUS_DO(status)  \
     status(is_being_redefined                , 1 << 0) /* True if the klass is being redefined */ \
     status(has_resolved_methods              , 1 << 1) /* True if the klass has resolved MethodHandle methods */ \
@@ -83,7 +97,7 @@ class InstanceKlassFlags {
   }
 
   // These flags are write-once before the class is published and then read-only so don't require atomic updates.
-  u2 _flags;
+  u4 _flags;
 
   // These flags are written during execution so require atomic stores
   u1 _status;
@@ -108,6 +122,12 @@ class InstanceKlassFlags {
 
   void set_class_loader_type(const ClassLoaderData* cld);
 
+  u4 flags() const { return _flags; }
+
+  static u4 is_empty_inline_type_value() {
+    return _misc_is_empty_inline_type;
+  }
+
   void assert_is_safe(bool set) NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
 
   // Create getters and setters for the status values.
@@ -126,6 +146,8 @@ class InstanceKlassFlags {
   void atomic_set_bits(u1 bits)   { AtomicAccess::fetch_then_or(&_status, bits); }
   void atomic_clear_bits(u1 bits) { AtomicAccess::fetch_then_and(&_status, (u1)(~bits)); }
   void print_on(outputStream* st) const;
+
+  static ByteSize flags_offset() { return byte_offset_of(InstanceKlassFlags, _flags); }
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_OOPS_INSTANCEKLASSFLAGS_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceRefKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceRefKlass.cpp
index b8327492493..d0c217f1ef1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceRefKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceRefKlass.cpp
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ static ReferenceType determine_reference_type(const ClassFileParser& parser) {
 }
 
 InstanceRefKlass::InstanceRefKlass(const ClassFileParser& parser)
-  : InstanceKlass(parser, Kind, determine_reference_type(parser)) {}
+  : InstanceKlass(parser, Kind, markWord::prototype(), determine_reference_type(parser)) {}
 
 void InstanceRefKlass::update_nonstatic_oop_maps(Klass* k) {
   // Clear the nonstatic oop-map entries corresponding to referent
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/klass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/klass.cpp
index 84a1766a702..d13ae7117f3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/klass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/klass.cpp
@@ -270,20 +270,6 @@ Method* Klass::uncached_lookup_method(const Symbol* name, const Symbol* signatur
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-static markWord make_prototype(const Klass* kls) {
-  markWord prototype = markWord::prototype();
-#ifdef _LP64
-  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
-    // With compact object headers, the narrow Klass ID is part of the mark word.
-    // We therefore seed the mark word with the narrow Klass ID.
-    precond(CompressedKlassPointers::is_encodable(kls));
-    const narrowKlass nk = CompressedKlassPointers::encode(const_cast<Klass*>(kls));
-    prototype = prototype.set_narrow_klass(nk);
-  }
-#endif
-  return prototype;
-}
-
 void* Klass::operator new(size_t size, ClassLoaderData* loader_data, size_t word_size, TRAPS) throw() {
   return Metaspace::allocate(loader_data, word_size, MetaspaceObj::ClassType, THREAD);
 }
@@ -296,9 +282,9 @@ Klass::Klass() : _kind(UnknownKlassKind) {
 // which zeros out memory - calloc equivalent.
 // The constructor is also used from CppVtableCloner,
 // which doesn't zero out the memory before calling the constructor.
-Klass::Klass(KlassKind kind) : _kind(kind),
-                               _prototype_header(make_prototype(this)),
+Klass::Klass(KlassKind kind, markWord prototype_header) : _kind(kind),
                                _shared_class_path_index(-1) {
+  set_prototype_header(make_prototype_header(this, prototype_header));
   CDS_ONLY(_aot_class_flags = 0;)
   CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(_archived_mirror_index = -1;)
   _primary_supers[0] = this;
@@ -311,12 +297,12 @@ jint Klass::array_layout_helper(BasicType etype) {
   int  hsize = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(etype);
   int  esize = type2aelembytes(etype);
   bool isobj = (etype == T_OBJECT);
-  int  tag   =  isobj ? _lh_array_tag_obj_value : _lh_array_tag_type_value;
-  int lh = array_layout_helper(tag, hsize, etype, exact_log2(esize));
+  int  tag   =  isobj ? _lh_array_tag_ref_value : _lh_array_tag_type_value;
+  int lh = array_layout_helper(tag, false, hsize, etype, exact_log2(esize));
 
   assert(lh < (int)_lh_neutral_value, "must look like an array layout");
   assert(layout_helper_is_array(lh), "correct kind");
-  assert(layout_helper_is_objArray(lh) == isobj, "correct kind");
+  assert(layout_helper_is_refArray(lh) == isobj, "correct kind");
   assert(layout_helper_is_typeArray(lh) == !isobj, "correct kind");
   assert(layout_helper_header_size(lh) == hsize, "correct decode");
   assert(layout_helper_element_type(lh) == etype, "correct decode");
@@ -1029,10 +1015,8 @@ void Klass::oop_print_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) {
      // print header
      obj->mark().print_on(st);
      st->cr();
-     if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
-       st->print(BULLET"prototype_header: " INTPTR_FORMAT, _prototype_header.value());
-       st->cr();
-     }
+     st->print(BULLET"prototype_header: " INTPTR_FORMAT, _prototype_header.value());
+     st->cr();
   }
 
   // print class
@@ -1084,6 +1068,40 @@ void Klass::oop_verify_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) {
   guarantee(obj->klass()->is_klass(), "klass field is not a klass");
 }
 
+#ifdef ASSERT
+void Klass::validate_array_description(const ArrayDescription& ad) {
+  if (is_identity_class() || is_array_klass() || is_interface() ||
+      (is_instance_klass() && InstanceKlass::cast(this)->access_flags().is_abstract())) {
+    assert(ad._layout_kind == LayoutKind::REFERENCE, "Cannot support flattening");
+    assert(ad._kind == KlassKind::RefArrayKlassKind, "Must be a reference array");
+  } else {
+    assert(is_inline_klass(), "Must be");
+    InlineKlass* ik = InlineKlass::cast(this);
+    switch(ad._layout_kind) {
+      case LayoutKind::BUFFERED:
+        fatal("Invalid layout for an array");
+        break;
+      case LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+        assert(ik->has_null_free_atomic_layout(), "Sanity check");
+        break;
+      case LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+        assert(ik->has_null_free_non_atomic_layout(), "Sanity check");
+        break;
+      case LayoutKind::NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+        assert(ik->has_nullable_atomic_layout(), "Sanity check");
+        break;
+      case LayoutKind::NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+        assert(ik->has_nullable_non_atomic_layout(), "Sanity check)");
+        break;
+      case LayoutKind::REFERENCE:
+        break;
+      default:
+        ShouldNotReachHere();
+    }
+  }
+}
+#endif // ASSERT
+
 // Note: this function is called with an address that may or may not be a Klass.
 // The point is not to assert it is but to check if it could be.
 bool Klass::is_valid(Klass* k) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/klass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/klass.hpp
index 3b8c7a0ce29..ea9161b27ed 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/klass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/klass.hpp
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@
 // Forward declarations.
 template <class T> class Array;
 template <class T> class GrowableArray;
+class ArrayDescription;
 class ClassLoaderData;
 class fieldDescriptor;
 class klassVtable;
@@ -64,18 +65,22 @@ class Klass : public Metadata {
   friend class VMStructs;
  public:
   // Klass Kinds for all subclasses of Klass
-  enum KlassKind : u2 {
-    InstanceKlassKind,
-    InstanceRefKlassKind,
-    InstanceMirrorKlassKind,
-    InstanceClassLoaderKlassKind,
-    InstanceStackChunkKlassKind,
-    TypeArrayKlassKind,
-    ObjArrayKlassKind,
-    UnknownKlassKind
-  };
-
-  static const uint KLASS_KIND_COUNT = ObjArrayKlassKind + 1;
+   enum KlassKind : u2
+   {
+     InstanceKlassKind,
+     InlineKlassKind,
+     InstanceRefKlassKind,
+     InstanceMirrorKlassKind,
+     InstanceClassLoaderKlassKind,
+     InstanceStackChunkKlassKind,
+     TypeArrayKlassKind,
+     ObjArrayKlassKind,
+     RefArrayKlassKind,
+     FlatArrayKlassKind,
+     UnknownKlassKind
+   };
+
+   static const uint KLASS_KIND_COUNT = FlatArrayKlassKind + 1;
  protected:
 
   // If you add a new field that points to any metaspace object, you
@@ -97,7 +102,7 @@ class Klass : public Metadata {
   // distinct bytes, as follows:
   //    MSB:[tag, hsz, ebt, log2(esz)]:LSB
   // where:
-  //    tag is 0x80 if the elements are oops, 0xC0 if non-oops
+  //    tag is 0x80 if the elements are oops, 0xC0 if non-oops, 0xA0 if value types
   //    hsz is array header size in bytes (i.e., offset of first element)
   //    ebt is the BasicType of the elements
   //    esz is the element size in bytes
@@ -201,7 +206,7 @@ class Klass : public Metadata {
 
 protected:
 
-  Klass(KlassKind kind);
+  Klass(KlassKind kind, markWord prototype_header = markWord::prototype());
   Klass();
 
   void* operator new(size_t size, ClassLoaderData* loader_data, size_t word_size, TRAPS) throw();
@@ -464,11 +469,18 @@ class Klass : public Metadata {
   static const int _lh_element_type_mask       = right_n_bits<int>(BitsPerByte);  // shifted mask
   static const int _lh_header_size_shift       = BitsPerByte*2;
   static const int _lh_header_size_mask        = right_n_bits<int>(BitsPerByte);  // shifted mask
-  static const int _lh_array_tag_bits          = 2;
+  static const int _lh_array_tag_bits          = 4;
   static const int _lh_array_tag_shift         = BitsPerInt - _lh_array_tag_bits;
-  static const int _lh_array_tag_obj_value     = ~0x01;   // 0x80000000 >> 30
 
-  static const unsigned int _lh_array_tag_type_value = 0Xffffffff; // ~0x00,  // 0xC0000000 >> 30
+  static const unsigned int _lh_array_tag_type_value = 0Xfffffffc;
+  static const unsigned int _lh_array_tag_flat_value = 0Xfffffffa;
+  static const unsigned int _lh_array_tag_ref_value  = 0Xfffffff8;
+
+  // null-free array flag bit under the array tag bits, shift one more to get array tag value
+  static const int _lh_null_free_shift = _lh_array_tag_shift - 1;
+  static const int _lh_null_free_mask  = 1;
+
+  static const jint _lh_array_tag_flat_value_bit_inplace = (jint) (1 << (_lh_array_tag_shift + 1));
 
   static int layout_helper_size_in_bytes(jint lh) {
     assert(lh > (jint)_lh_neutral_value, "must be instance");
@@ -485,12 +497,22 @@ class Klass : public Metadata {
     return (jint)lh < (jint)_lh_neutral_value;
   }
   static bool layout_helper_is_typeArray(jint lh) {
-    // _lh_array_tag_type_value == (lh >> _lh_array_tag_shift);
-    return (juint)lh >= (juint)(_lh_array_tag_type_value << _lh_array_tag_shift);
+    return (juint) _lh_array_tag_type_value == (juint)(lh >> _lh_array_tag_shift);
   }
-  static bool layout_helper_is_objArray(jint lh) {
-    // _lh_array_tag_obj_value == (lh >> _lh_array_tag_shift);
-    return (jint)lh < (jint)(_lh_array_tag_type_value << _lh_array_tag_shift);
+  static bool layout_helper_is_refArray(jint lh) {
+    return (juint)_lh_array_tag_ref_value == (juint)(lh >> _lh_array_tag_shift);
+  }
+  static bool layout_helper_is_flatArray(jint lh) {
+    return (juint)_lh_array_tag_flat_value == (juint)(lh >> _lh_array_tag_shift);
+  }
+  static bool layout_helper_is_null_free(jint lh) {
+    assert(layout_helper_is_flatArray(lh) || layout_helper_is_refArray(lh), "must be array of inline types");
+    return ((lh >> _lh_null_free_shift) & _lh_null_free_mask);
+  }
+  static jint layout_helper_set_null_free(jint lh) {
+    lh |= (_lh_null_free_mask << _lh_null_free_shift);
+    assert(layout_helper_is_null_free(lh), "Bad encoding");
+    return lh;
   }
   static int layout_helper_header_size(jint lh) {
     assert(lh < (jint)_lh_neutral_value, "must be array");
@@ -501,7 +523,7 @@ class Klass : public Metadata {
   static BasicType layout_helper_element_type(jint lh) {
     assert(lh < (jint)_lh_neutral_value, "must be array");
     int btvalue = (lh >> _lh_element_type_shift) & _lh_element_type_mask;
-    assert(btvalue >= T_BOOLEAN && btvalue <= T_OBJECT, "sanity");
+    assert((btvalue >= T_BOOLEAN && btvalue <= T_OBJECT) || btvalue == T_FLAT_ELEMENT, "sanity");
     return (BasicType) btvalue;
   }
 
@@ -524,12 +546,13 @@ class Klass : public Metadata {
   static int layout_helper_log2_element_size(jint lh) {
     assert(lh < (jint)_lh_neutral_value, "must be array");
     int l2esz = (lh >> _lh_log2_element_size_shift) & _lh_log2_element_size_mask;
-    assert(l2esz <= LogBytesPerLong,
+    assert(layout_helper_element_type(lh) == T_FLAT_ELEMENT || l2esz <= LogBytesPerLong,
            "sanity. l2esz: 0x%x for lh: 0x%x", (uint)l2esz, (uint)lh);
     return l2esz;
   }
-  static jint array_layout_helper(jint tag, int hsize, BasicType etype, int log2_esize) {
+  static jint array_layout_helper(jint tag, bool null_free, int hsize, BasicType etype, int log2_esize) {
     return (tag        << _lh_array_tag_shift)
+      |    ((null_free ? 1 : 0) <<  _lh_null_free_shift)
       |    (hsize      << _lh_header_size_shift)
       |    ((int)etype << _lh_element_type_shift)
       |    (log2_esize << _lh_log2_element_size_shift);
@@ -670,8 +693,12 @@ class Klass : public Metadata {
   virtual bool is_instance_klass_slow()     const { return false; }
   virtual bool is_array_klass_slow()        const { return false; }
   virtual bool is_objArray_klass_slow()     const { return false; }
+  virtual bool is_refArray_klass_slow()     const { return false; }
   virtual bool is_typeArray_klass_slow()    const { return false; }
+  virtual bool is_flatArray_klass_slow()    const { return false; }
 #endif // ASSERT
+  // current implementation uses this method even in non debug builds
+  virtual bool is_inline_klass_slow()       const { return false; }
  public:
 
   // Fast non-virtual versions
@@ -687,20 +714,25 @@ class Klass : public Metadata {
   #endif
 
   bool is_instance_klass()              const { return assert_same_query(_kind <= InstanceStackChunkKlassKind, is_instance_klass_slow()); }
-  // Other is anything that is not one of the more specialized kinds of InstanceKlass.
-  bool is_other_instance_klass()        const { return _kind == InstanceKlassKind; }
+  bool is_inline_klass()                const { return assert_same_query(_kind == InlineKlassKind, is_inline_klass_slow()); }
   bool is_reference_instance_klass()    const { return _kind == InstanceRefKlassKind; }
   bool is_mirror_instance_klass()       const { return _kind == InstanceMirrorKlassKind; }
   bool is_class_loader_instance_klass() const { return _kind == InstanceClassLoaderKlassKind; }
   bool is_array_klass()                 const { return assert_same_query( _kind >= TypeArrayKlassKind, is_array_klass_slow()); }
   bool is_stack_chunk_instance_klass()  const { return _kind == InstanceStackChunkKlassKind; }
-  bool is_objArray_klass()              const { return assert_same_query( _kind == ObjArrayKlassKind,  is_objArray_klass_slow()); }
+  bool is_flatArray_klass()             const { return assert_same_query( _kind == FlatArrayKlassKind, is_flatArray_klass_slow()); }
+  bool is_objArray_klass()              const { return assert_same_query( _kind == ObjArrayKlassKind || _kind == RefArrayKlassKind || _kind == FlatArrayKlassKind,  is_objArray_klass_slow()); }
+  bool is_refArray_klass()              const { return assert_same_query( _kind == RefArrayKlassKind, is_refArray_klass_slow()); }
   bool is_typeArray_klass()             const { return assert_same_query( _kind == TypeArrayKlassKind, is_typeArray_klass_slow()); }
+  bool is_refined_objArray_klass()      const { return is_refArray_klass() || is_flatArray_klass(); }
+  bool is_unrefined_objArray_klass()    const { return _kind == ObjArrayKlassKind; }
   #undef assert_same_query
 
+  inline bool is_null_free_array_klass() const { return !is_typeArray_klass() && layout_helper_is_null_free(layout_helper()); }
 
   virtual bool is_interface() const     { return false; }
   virtual bool is_abstract() const      { return false; }
+  virtual bool is_identity_class() const { return false; }
 
   bool has_finalizer() const            { return _misc_flags.has_finalizer(); }
   void set_has_finalizer()              { _misc_flags.set_has_finalizer(true); }
@@ -716,9 +748,11 @@ class Klass : public Metadata {
   bool is_cloneable() const;
   void set_is_cloneable_fast() { _misc_flags.set_is_cloneable_fast(true); }
 
+  static inline markWord make_prototype_header(const Klass* kls, markWord prototype = markWord::prototype());
   inline markWord prototype_header() const;
   inline void set_prototype_header(markWord header);
   static ByteSize prototype_header_offset() { return in_ByteSize(offset_of(Klass, _prototype_header)); }
+  inline void set_prototype_header_klass(narrowKlass klass);
 
   JFR_ONLY(DEFINE_TRACE_ID_METHODS;)
 
@@ -775,6 +809,8 @@ class Klass : public Metadata {
 
   virtual void oop_verify_on(oop obj, outputStream* st);
 
+  void validate_array_description(const ArrayDescription& ad) NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
+
   // for error reporting
   static bool is_valid(Klass* k);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/klass.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/klass.inline.hpp
index 4ac50cbc180..16c51a03a3a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/klass.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/klass.inline.hpp
@@ -59,27 +59,37 @@ inline bool Klass::is_loader_alive() const {
   return class_loader_data()->is_alive();
 }
 
+inline markWord Klass::make_prototype_header(const Klass* kls, markWord prototype) {
+  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+    // With compact object headers, the narrow Klass ID is part of the mark word.
+    // We therefore seed the mark word with the narrow Klass ID.
+    precond(CompressedKlassPointers::is_encodable(kls));
+    const narrowKlass nk = CompressedKlassPointers::encode(const_cast<Klass*>(kls));
+    prototype = prototype.set_narrow_klass(nk);
+  }
+  return prototype;
+}
+
+inline void Klass::set_prototype_header(markWord header) {
+  _prototype_header = header;
+}
+
 inline bool Klass::is_loader_present_and_alive() const {
   ClassLoaderData* cld = class_loader_data();
   return (cld != nullptr) ? cld->is_alive() : false;
 }
 
 inline markWord Klass::prototype_header() const {
-  assert(UseCompactObjectHeaders, "only use with compact object headers");
-#ifdef _LP64
   // You only need prototypes for allocating objects. If the class is not instantiable, it won't live in
   // class space and have no narrow Klass ID. But in that case we should not need the prototype.
-  assert(_prototype_header.narrow_klass() > 0, "Klass " PTR_FORMAT ": invalid prototype (" PTR_FORMAT ")",
+  assert(!UseCompactObjectHeaders || _prototype_header.narrow_klass() > 0, "Klass " PTR_FORMAT ": invalid prototype (" PTR_FORMAT ")",
          p2i(this), _prototype_header.value());
-#endif
   return _prototype_header;
 }
 
-// This is only used when dumping the archive. In other cases,
-// the _prototype_header is already initialized to the right thing.
-inline void Klass::set_prototype_header(markWord header) {
-  assert(UseCompactObjectHeaders, "only with compact headers");
-  _prototype_header = header;
+inline void Klass::set_prototype_header_klass(narrowKlass klass) {
+  // Merge narrowKlass in existing prototype header.
+  _prototype_header = _prototype_header.set_narrow_klass(klass);
 }
 
 // Loading the java_mirror does not keep its holder alive. See Klass::keep_alive().
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/klassVtable.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/klassVtable.cpp
index 5fefcdfbaaf..8024a548d27 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/klassVtable.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/klassVtable.cpp
@@ -1230,10 +1230,10 @@ void klassItable::initialize_itable_and_check_constraints(TRAPS) {
 }
 
 inline bool interface_method_needs_itable_index(Method* m) {
-  if (m->is_static())             return false; // e.g., Stream.empty
-  if (m->is_object_initializer()) return false; // <init>
-  if (m->is_static_initializer()) return false; // <clinit>
-  if (m->is_private())            return false; // uses direct call
+  if (m->is_static())             return false;   // e.g., Stream.empty
+  if (m->is_private())            return false;   // uses direct call
+  if (m->is_object_constructor()) return false;   // <init>(...)V
+  if (m->is_class_initializer())  return false;   // <clinit>()V
   // If an interface redeclares a method from java.lang.Object,
   // it should already have a vtable index, don't touch it.
   // e.g., CharSequence.toString (from initialize_vtable)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/klassVtable.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/klassVtable.hpp
index 0aa293cc54d..31e0bf85d48 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/klassVtable.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/klassVtable.hpp
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ class klassItable {
   itableMethodEntry* method_entry(int i) { assert(0 <= i && i <= _size_method_table, "index out of bounds");
                                            return &((itableMethodEntry*)method_start())[i]; }
 
-  int size_offset_table()                { return _size_offset_table; }
+  int size_offset_table() const          { return _size_offset_table; }
 
   // Initialization
   void initialize_itable_and_check_constraints(TRAPS);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/layoutKind.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/layoutKind.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ec42f39fc27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/layoutKind.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "oops/layoutKind.hpp"
+#include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
+
+const char* LayoutKindHelper::layout_kind_as_string(LayoutKind lk) {
+  switch(lk) {
+    case LayoutKind::REFERENCE:
+      return "REFERENCE";
+    case LayoutKind::BUFFERED:
+      return "BUFFERED";
+    case LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+      return "NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT";
+    case LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+      return "NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT";
+    case LayoutKind::NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+      return "NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT";
+    case LayoutKind::NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+      return "NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT";
+    case LayoutKind::UNKNOWN:
+      return "UNKNOWN";
+    default:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+}
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+void LayoutKindHelper::print_on(LayoutKind lk, outputStream* st) {
+  st->print("LayoutKind: %s", layout_kind_as_string(lk));
+}
+#endif // ASSERT
+
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/layoutKind.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/layoutKind.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2eb8acc5864
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/layoutKind.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_OOPS_LAYOUTKIND_HPP
+#define SHARE_OOPS_LAYOUTKIND_HPP
+
+#include "memory/allStatic.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
+#include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
+
+// LayoutKind is an enum used to indicate which layout has been used for a given value field.
+// Each layout has its own properties and its own access protocol that is detailed below.
+//
+// REFERENCE : This layout uses a pointer to a heap allocated instance (no flattening).
+//             When used, field_flags().is_flat() is false . The field can be nullable or
+//             null-restricted, in the later case, field_flags().is_null_free_inline_type() is true.
+//             In case of a null-restricted field, putfield  and putstatic  must perform a null-check
+//             before writing a new value. Still for null-restricted fields, if getfield reads a null pointer
+//             from the receiver, it means that the field was not initialized yet, and getfield must substitute
+//             the null reference with the default value of the field's class.
+// NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT : This layout is the simplest form of flattening. Any field embedded inside the flat field
+//             can be accessed independently. The field is null-restricted, meaning putfield must perform a
+//             null-check before performing a field update.
+// NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT : This flat layout is designed for atomic updates, with size and alignment that make use of
+//             atomic instructions possible. All accesses, reads and writes, must be performed atomically.
+//             The field is null-restricted, meaning putfield must perform a null-check before performing a
+//             field update.
+// NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT : This is the flat layout designed for JEP 401. It is designed for atomic updates,
+//             with size and alignment that make use of atomic instructions possible. All accesses, reads and
+//             writes, must be performed atomically. The layout includes a null marker which indicates if the
+//             field's value must be considered as null or not. The null marker is a byte, with the value zero
+//             meaning the field's value is null, and a non-zero value meaning the field's value is not null.
+//             A getfield must check the value of the null marker before returning a value. If the null marker
+//             is zero, getfield  must return the null reference, otherwise it returns the field's value read
+//             from the receiver. When a putfield writes a non-null value to such field, the update, including
+//             the field's value and the null marker, must be performed in a single atomic operation. If the
+//             source of the value is a heap allocated instance of the field's class, it is allowed to set the
+//             null marker to non-zero in the heap allocated instance before copying the value to the receiver
+//             (the BUFFERED layout used in heap allocated values guarantees that the space for the null marker
+//             is included, but has no meaning for the heap allocated instance which is always non-null, and that
+//             the whole payload is correctly aligned for atomic operations). When a putfield writes null to such
+//             field, the null marker must be set to zero. However, if the field contains oops, those oops must be
+//             cleared too in order to prevent memory leaks. In order to simplify such operation, value classes
+//             supporting a NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT layout have a pre-allocated reset value instance, filled with
+//             zeros, which can be used to simply overwrite the whole flat field and reset everything (oops and
+//             null marker). The reset value instance is needed because the VM needs an instance guaranteed to
+//             always be filled with zeros, and the default value could have its null marker set to non-zero if
+//             it is used as a source to update a NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT field.
+// NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT: This is a special layout, only used for strict final non-static fields. Because strict
+//             final non-static fields cannot be updated after the call to the super constructor, there's no
+//             concurrency issue on those fields, so they can be flattened even if they are nullable. During the
+//             construction of the instance, the uninitializedThis reference cannot escape before the call to
+//             the super's constructor, so no concurrent reads are possible when the field is initialized. After
+//             the call to the super's constructor, no update is possible because the field is strict and final,
+//             so no write possible during a read. This field has a null marker similar to the one of the
+//             NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT layout. However, there's no requirement to read the null marker and the
+//             rest of the value atomically. If the null marker indicates a non-null value, the fields of the
+//             field's value can be read independently. Same rules for a putfield, no atomicity requirement,
+//             as long as all fields and the null marker are up to date at the end of the putfield.
+// BUFFERED:   This layout is only used in heap buffered instances of a value class. It is computed to be compatible
+//             in size and alignment with all other flat layouts supported by the value class.
+//
+//
+// IMPORTANT: The REFERENCE layout must always be associated with the numerical value zero, because the implementation
+// of the java.lang.invoke.MemberName class relies on this property.
+
+enum class LayoutKind : uint32_t {
+  REFERENCE                 = 0,    // indirection to a heap allocated instance
+  BUFFERED                  = 1,    // layout used in heap allocated standalone instances
+  NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT = 2,    // flat, null-free (no null marker), no guarantee of atomic updates
+  NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT     = 3,    // flat, null-free, size compatible with atomic updates, alignment requirement is equal to the size
+  NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT      = 4,    // flat, include a null marker, plus same size/alignment properties as ATOMIC layout
+  NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT  = 5,    // flat, include a null marker, non-atomic, only used for strict final non-static fields
+  UNKNOWN                   = 6     // used for uninitialized fields of type LayoutKind
+};
+
+class outputStream;
+
+class LayoutKindHelper : AllStatic {
+ public:
+  static LayoutKind get_copy_layout(LayoutKind src, LayoutKind dst) {
+    assert(src == dst || src == LayoutKind::BUFFERED || dst == LayoutKind::BUFFERED,
+           "Only same or from/to BUFFERED is supported. src: %s, dst: %s",
+           layout_kind_as_string(src), layout_kind_as_string(dst));
+    return src == LayoutKind::BUFFERED ? dst : src;
+  }
+
+  static bool is_flat(LayoutKind lk) {
+    assert(lk != LayoutKind::UNKNOWN, "Sanity check");
+    return lk == LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT ||
+           lk == LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT ||
+           lk == LayoutKind::NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT ||
+           lk == LayoutKind::NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT;
+  }
+  static bool is_atomic_flat(LayoutKind lk) {
+    return lk == LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT ||
+           lk == LayoutKind::NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT;
+  }
+  static bool is_nullable_flat(LayoutKind lk) {
+    return lk == LayoutKind::NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT ||
+           lk == LayoutKind::NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT;
+  }
+  static bool is_null_free_flat(LayoutKind lk) {
+    return lk == LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT ||
+           lk == LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT;
+  }
+  static const char* layout_kind_as_string(LayoutKind lk);
+
+  static void print_on(LayoutKind lk, outputStream* st) NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
+};
+
+#endif // SHARE_OOPS_LAYOUTKIND_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/markWord.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/markWord.cpp
index 001666b0439..7d403660f8b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/markWord.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/markWord.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ void markWord::print_on(outputStream* st, bool print_monitor_info) const {
     st->print(" marked(" INTPTR_FORMAT ")", value());
   } else if (has_monitor()) {  // last bits = 10
     // have to check has_monitor() before is_locked()
+    // Valhalla: inline types/arrays can't be monitored
     st->print(" monitor(" INTPTR_FORMAT ")=", value());
     if (print_monitor_info && !UseObjectMonitorTable) {
       ObjectMonitor* mon = monitor();
@@ -66,16 +67,32 @@ void markWord::print_on(outputStream* st, bool print_monitor_info) const {
     }
   } else if (is_locked()) {  // last bits != 01 => 00
     // thin locked
+    // Valhalla: inline types can not possess an object monitor
     st->print(" locked(" INTPTR_FORMAT ")", value());
   } else {
     st->print(" mark(");
     if (is_unlocked()) {   // last bits = 01
       st->print("is_unlocked");
+      if (is_inline_type()) {
+        st->print(" inline_type");
+      }
       if (has_no_hash()) {
         st->print(" no_hash");
       } else {
         st->print(" hash=" INTPTR_FORMAT, hash());
       }
+#ifdef _LP64 // 64 bit encodings have array information
+      // flat or null-free do not imply each other
+      bool flat = is_flat_array();
+      bool null_free = is_null_free_array();
+      if (flat && !null_free) {
+        st->print(" flat_array");
+      } else if (!flat && null_free) {
+        st->print(" null_free_array");
+      } else if (flat && null_free) {
+        st->print(" flat_null_free_array");
+      }
+#endif
     } else {
       st->print("??");
     }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/markWord.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/markWord.hpp
index e67d632fdf6..789d206f57c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/markWord.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/markWord.hpp
@@ -66,7 +66,14 @@
 //
 //  - age - used by some GCs to track the age of objects.
 //
-//  - valhalla - reserved for valhalla
+//  - valhalla - only supported on 64-bit VMs
+//
+//    * inline types:      A value class instance
+//    * flat arrays:       An array with flattened value class elements
+//    * null-free arrays:  An array instance without null elements
+//    * valhalla reserved: Reserved for future use
+//
+//    Inline types cannot be locked and do not have an identity hash.
 //
 //  - hash - contains the identity hash value: largest value is 31 bits, see
 //    os::random().  Also, 64-bit VMs require a hash value no bigger than 32
@@ -116,25 +123,41 @@ class markWord {
   static const int lock_bits                      = 2;
   static const int self_fwd_bits                  = 1;
   static const int age_bits                       = 4;
-  static const int valhalla_reserved_bits         = LP64_ONLY(4) NOT_LP64(0);
-  static const int max_hash_bits                  = BitsPerWord - age_bits - lock_bits - self_fwd_bits - valhalla_reserved_bits;
+  static const int inline_type_bits               = LP64_ONLY(1) NOT_LP64(0);
+  static const int null_free_array_bits           = LP64_ONLY(1) NOT_LP64(0);
+  static const int flat_array_bits                = LP64_ONLY(1) NOT_LP64(0);
+  static const int valhalla_reserved_bits         = LP64_ONLY(1) NOT_LP64(0);
+  static const int max_hash_bits                  = BitsPerWord - age_bits - lock_bits - inline_type_bits - valhalla_reserved_bits - flat_array_bits - null_free_array_bits - self_fwd_bits;
   static const int hash_bits                      = max_hash_bits > 31 ? 31 : max_hash_bits;
 
   // Shifts
   static const int lock_shift                     = 0;
   static const int self_fwd_shift                 = lock_shift + lock_bits;
   static const int age_shift                      = self_fwd_shift + self_fwd_bits;
-  static const int valhalla_reserved_shift        = age_shift + age_bits;
+  static const int inline_type_shift              = age_shift + age_bits;
+  static const int null_free_array_shift          = inline_type_shift + inline_type_bits;
+  static const int flat_array_shift               = null_free_array_shift + null_free_array_bits;
+  static const int valhalla_reserved_shift        = flat_array_shift + flat_array_bits;
   static const int hash_shift                     = valhalla_reserved_shift + valhalla_reserved_bits;
 
   // Masks (in-place)
   static const uintptr_t lock_mask_in_place       = right_n_bits(lock_bits) << lock_shift;
   static const uintptr_t self_fwd_bit_in_place    = right_n_bits(self_fwd_bits) << self_fwd_shift;
   static const uintptr_t age_mask_in_place        = right_n_bits(age_bits) << age_shift;
+  static const uintptr_t inline_type_bit_in_place = right_n_bits(inline_type_bits) << inline_type_shift;
+  static const uintptr_t null_free_array_bit_in_place = right_n_bits(null_free_array_bits) << null_free_array_shift;
+  static const uintptr_t flat_array_bit_in_place  = right_n_bits(flat_array_bits) << flat_array_shift;
+  static const uintptr_t valhalla_reserved_bit_in_place = right_n_bits(valhalla_reserved_bits) << valhalla_reserved_shift;
   static const uintptr_t hash_mask_in_place       = right_n_bits(hash_bits) << hash_shift;
 
   // Verify that _bit_in_place refers to constants with only one bit.
   static_assert(is_power_of_2(self_fwd_bit_in_place));
+#ifdef _LP64
+  static_assert(is_power_of_2(inline_type_bit_in_place));
+  static_assert(is_power_of_2(null_free_array_bit_in_place));
+  static_assert(is_power_of_2(flat_array_bit_in_place));
+  static_assert(is_power_of_2(valhalla_reserved_bit_in_place));
+#endif
 
   // Masks (unshifted)
   static const uintptr_t lock_mask                = lock_mask_in_place >> lock_shift;
@@ -159,6 +182,9 @@ class markWord {
   static const uintptr_t monitor_value            = 2;
   static const uintptr_t marked_value             = 3;
 
+  static const uintptr_t inline_type_pattern      = inline_type_bit_in_place | unlocked_value;
+  static const uintptr_t inline_type_pattern_mask = inline_type_bit_in_place | lock_mask_in_place;
+
   static const uintptr_t no_hash                  = 0 ;  // no hash value assigned
   static const uintptr_t no_hash_in_place         = (uintptr_t)no_hash << hash_shift;
   static const uintptr_t no_lock_in_place         = unlocked_value;
@@ -168,6 +194,14 @@ class markWord {
   // Creates a markWord with all bits set to zero.
   static markWord zero() { return markWord(uintptr_t(0)); }
 
+  bool is_inline_type() const {
+#ifdef _LP64 // 64 bit encodings only
+    return (mask_bits(value(), inline_type_pattern_mask) == inline_type_pattern);
+#else
+    return false;
+#endif
+  }
+
   // lock accessors (note that these assume lock_shift == 0)
   bool is_locked()   const {
     return (mask_bits(value(), lock_mask_in_place) != unlocked_value);
@@ -180,6 +214,8 @@ class markWord {
   }
 
   bool is_neutral()  const {  // Not locked, or marked - a "clean" neutral state
+    LP64_ONLY(assert(!is_unlocked() || mask_bits(value(), inline_type_bit_in_place) == 0,
+                     "Inline types should not be used for locking. _value: " PTR_FORMAT, _value));
     return (mask_bits(value(), lock_mask_in_place) == unlocked_value);
   }
 
@@ -190,6 +226,9 @@ class markWord {
 
   // Should this header be preserved during GC?
   bool must_be_preserved() const {
+    // The reserved bits are only guaranteed to be unset if the mark word is "unlocked"
+    LP64_ONLY(assert(!is_unlocked() || mask_bits(value(),  valhalla_reserved_bit_in_place) == 0,
+                     "Reserved bits should not be used. _value: " PTR_FORMAT, _value));
     return !is_unlocked() || !has_no_hash();
   }
 
@@ -261,6 +300,26 @@ class markWord {
     return hash() == no_hash;
   }
 
+  bool is_flat_array() const {
+    assert(!has_monitor_pointer(), "Bits are not valid if replaced by a monitor pointer: " PTR_FORMAT, value());
+    assert(!is_marked(), "Bits might not be valid if marked by the GC: " PTR_FORMAT, value());
+#ifdef _LP64 // 64 bit encodings only
+    return (mask_bits(value(), flat_array_bit_in_place) != 0);
+#else
+    return false;
+#endif
+  }
+
+  bool is_null_free_array() const {
+    assert(!has_monitor_pointer(), "Bits are not valid if replaced by a monitor pointer: " PTR_FORMAT, value());
+    assert(!is_marked(), "Bits might not be valid if marked by the GC: " PTR_FORMAT, value());
+#ifdef _LP64 // 64 bit encodings only
+    return (mask_bits(value(), null_free_array_bit_in_place) != 0);
+#else
+    return false;
+#endif
+  }
+
   markWord copy_set_hash(intptr_t hash) const {
     uintptr_t tmp = value() & (~hash_mask_in_place);
     tmp |= ((hash & hash_mask) << hash_shift);
@@ -273,11 +332,31 @@ class markWord {
   inline narrowKlass narrow_klass() const;
   inline markWord set_narrow_klass(narrowKlass narrow_klass) const;
 
-  // Prototype mark for initialization
+  // Prototype marks for initialization
+
   static markWord prototype() {
     return markWord(unlocked_value);
   }
 
+  static markWord inline_type_prototype() {
+    NOT_LP64(assert(false, "Should not be called in 32 bit mode"));
+    return markWord(unlocked_value | inline_type_bit_in_place);
+  }
+
+  static markWord flat_array_prototype(bool null_free) {
+    NOT_LP64(assert(false, "Should not be called in 32 bit mode"));
+    if (null_free) {
+      return markWord(unlocked_value | flat_array_bit_in_place | null_free_array_bit_in_place);
+    } else {
+      return markWord(unlocked_value | flat_array_bit_in_place);
+    }
+  }
+
+  static markWord null_free_array_prototype() {
+    NOT_LP64(assert(false, "Should not be called in 32 bit mode"));
+    return markWord(unlocked_value | null_free_array_bit_in_place);
+  }
+
   // Debugging
   void print_on(outputStream* st, bool print_monitor_info = true) const;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/method.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/method.cpp
index d0d31ae115a..562a2c1788d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/method.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/method.cpp
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@
 #include "nmt/memTracker.hpp"
 #include "oops/constantPool.hpp"
 #include "oops/constMethod.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/jmethodIDTable.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.inline.hpp"
@@ -167,6 +168,22 @@ address Method::get_c2i_entry() {
   return adapter()->get_c2i_entry();
 }
 
+address Method::get_c2i_inline_entry() {
+  if (is_abstract()) {
+    return SharedRuntime::get_handle_wrong_method_abstract_stub();
+  }
+  assert(adapter() != nullptr, "must have");
+  return adapter()->get_c2i_inline_entry();
+}
+
+address Method::get_c2i_inline_ro_entry() {
+  if (is_abstract()) {
+    return SharedRuntime::get_handle_wrong_method_abstract_stub();
+  }
+  assert(adapter() != nullptr, "must have");
+  return adapter()->get_c2i_inline_ro_entry();
+}
+
 address Method::get_c2i_unverified_entry() {
   if (is_abstract()) {
     return SharedRuntime::get_handle_wrong_method_abstract_stub();
@@ -175,6 +192,11 @@ address Method::get_c2i_unverified_entry() {
   return adapter()->get_c2i_unverified_entry();
 }
 
+address Method::get_c2i_unverified_inline_entry() {
+  assert(adapter() != nullptr, "must have");
+  return adapter()->get_c2i_unverified_inline_entry();
+}
+
 address Method::get_c2i_no_clinit_check_entry() {
   if (is_abstract()) {
     return nullptr;
@@ -409,7 +431,7 @@ Symbol* Method::klass_name() const {
 void Method::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
   log_trace(aot)("Iter(Method): %p", this);
 
-  if (!method_holder()->is_rewritten()) {
+  if (!method_holder()->is_rewritten() || Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
     it->push(&_constMethod, MetaspaceClosure::_writable);
   } else {
     it->push(&_constMethod);
@@ -452,6 +474,8 @@ void Method::restore_unshareable_info(TRAPS) {
   if (_adapter != nullptr) {
     assert(_adapter->is_linked(), "must be");
     _from_compiled_entry = _adapter->get_c2i_entry();
+    _from_compiled_inline_entry = _adapter->get_c2i_inline_entry();
+    _from_compiled_inline_ro_entry = _adapter->get_c2i_inline_ro_entry();
   }
   assert(!queued_for_compilation(), "method's queued_for_compilation flag should not be set");
 }
@@ -741,6 +765,20 @@ int Method::extra_stack_words() {
   return extra_stack_entries() * Interpreter::stackElementSize;
 }
 
+// InlineKlass the method is declared to return. This must not
+// safepoint as it is called with references live on the stack at
+// locations the GC is unaware of.
+InlineKlass* Method::returns_inline_type() const {
+  assert(InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, "Inline types should never be returned as fields");
+  if (is_native()) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  NoSafepointVerifier nsv;
+  SignatureStream ss(signature());
+  ss.skip_to_return_type();
+  return ss.as_inline_klass(method_holder());
+}
+
 bool Method::compute_has_loops_flag() {
   BytecodeStream bcs(methodHandle(Thread::current(), this));
   Bytecodes::Code bc;
@@ -889,6 +927,11 @@ bool Method::is_getter() const {
     default:
       return false;
   }
+  if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields && returns_inline_type() != nullptr) {
+    // Don't treat this as (trivial) getter method because the
+    // inline type could be returned in a scalarized form.
+    return false;
+  }
   return true;
 }
 
@@ -910,6 +953,11 @@ bool Method::is_setter() const {
   }
   if (java_code_at(2) != Bytecodes::_putfield) return false;
   if (java_code_at(5) != Bytecodes::_return)   return false;
+  if (has_scalarized_args()) {
+    // Don't treat this as (trivial) setter method because the
+    // inline type argument should be passed in a scalarized form.
+    return false;
+  }
   return true;
 }
 
@@ -920,24 +968,22 @@ bool Method::is_constant_getter() const {
   return (2 <= code_size() && code_size() <= 4 &&
           Bytecodes::is_const(java_code_at(0)) &&
           Bytecodes::length_for(java_code_at(0)) == last_index &&
-          Bytecodes::is_return(java_code_at(last_index)));
+          Bytecodes::is_return(java_code_at(last_index)) &&
+          !has_scalarized_args());
 }
 
-bool Method::has_valid_initializer_flags() const {
-  return (is_static() ||
-          method_holder()->major_version() < 51);
-}
-
-bool Method::is_static_initializer() const {
+bool Method::is_class_initializer() const {
   // For classfiles version 51 or greater, ensure that the clinit method is
   // static.  Non-static methods with the name "<clinit>" are not static
   // initializers. (older classfiles exempted for backward compatibility)
-  return name() == vmSymbols::class_initializer_name() &&
-         has_valid_initializer_flags();
+  return (name() == vmSymbols::class_initializer_name() &&
+          (is_static() ||
+           method_holder()->major_version() < 51));
 }
 
-bool Method::is_object_initializer() const {
-   return name() == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name();
+// A method named <init>, is a classic object constructor.
+bool Method::is_object_constructor() const {
+  return name() == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name();
 }
 
 bool Method::needs_clinit_barrier() const {
@@ -1000,7 +1046,7 @@ int Method::line_number_from_bci(int bci) const {
 
 
 bool Method::is_klass_loaded_by_klass_index(int klass_index) const {
-  if( constants()->tag_at(klass_index).is_unresolved_klass() ) {
+  if( constants()->tag_at(klass_index).is_unresolved_klass()) {
     Thread *thread = Thread::current();
     Symbol* klass_name = constants()->klass_name_at(klass_index);
     Handle loader(thread, method_holder()->class_loader());
@@ -1015,7 +1061,9 @@ bool Method::is_klass_loaded(int refinfo_index, Bytecodes::Code bc, bool must_be
   int klass_index = constants()->klass_ref_index_at(refinfo_index, bc);
   if (must_be_resolved) {
     // Make sure klass is resolved in constantpool.
-    if (constants()->tag_at(klass_index).is_unresolved_klass()) return false;
+    if (constants()->tag_at(klass_index).is_unresolved_klass()) {
+      return false;
+    }
   }
   return is_klass_loaded_by_klass_index(klass_index);
 }
@@ -1183,9 +1231,13 @@ void Method::clear_code() {
   // this may be null if c2i adapters have not been made yet
   // Only should happen at allocate time.
   if (adapter() == nullptr) {
-    _from_compiled_entry = nullptr;
+    _from_compiled_entry    = nullptr;
+    _from_compiled_inline_entry = nullptr;
+    _from_compiled_inline_ro_entry = nullptr;
   } else {
-    _from_compiled_entry = adapter()->get_c2i_entry();
+    _from_compiled_entry    = adapter()->get_c2i_entry();
+    _from_compiled_inline_entry = adapter()->get_c2i_inline_entry();
+    _from_compiled_inline_ro_entry = adapter()->get_c2i_inline_ro_entry();
   }
   OrderAccess::storestore();
   _from_interpreted_entry = _i2i_entry;
@@ -1219,6 +1271,8 @@ void Method::unlink_method() {
   }
   _i2i_entry = nullptr;
   _from_compiled_entry = nullptr;
+  _from_compiled_inline_entry = nullptr;
+  _from_compiled_inline_ro_entry = nullptr;
   _from_interpreted_entry = nullptr;
 
   if (is_native()) {
@@ -1250,6 +1304,7 @@ void Method::remove_unshareable_flags() {
   set_is_not_c1_compilable(false);
   set_is_not_c2_osr_compilable(false);
   set_on_stack_flag(false);
+  set_has_scalarized_args(false);
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -1295,15 +1350,14 @@ void Method::link_method(const methodHandle& h_method, TRAPS) {
   // called from the vtable.  We need adapters on such methods that get loaded
   // later.  Ditto for mega-morphic itable calls.  If this proves to be a
   // problem we'll make these lazily later.
-  if (is_abstract()) {
-    h_method->_from_compiled_entry = SharedRuntime::get_handle_wrong_method_abstract_stub();
-  } else if (_adapter == nullptr) {
-    (void) make_adapters(h_method, CHECK);
-#ifndef ZERO
-    assert(adapter()->is_linked(), "Adapter must have been linked");
-#endif
-    h_method->_from_compiled_entry = adapter()->get_c2i_entry();
+  // With the scalarized calling convention, create adapters for abstract
+  // methods as well because the adapter is used to propagate the signature.
+  if (_adapter == nullptr && (!h_method->is_abstract() || InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs)) {
+    make_adapters(h_method, CHECK);
   }
+  h_method->_from_compiled_entry = h_method->get_c2i_entry();
+  h_method->_from_compiled_inline_entry = h_method->get_c2i_inline_entry();
+  h_method->_from_compiled_inline_ro_entry = h_method->get_c2i_inline_ro_entry();
 
   // ONLY USE the h_method now as make_adapter may have blocked
 
@@ -1322,8 +1376,8 @@ void Method::link_method(const methodHandle& h_method, TRAPS) {
   }
 }
 
-address Method::make_adapters(const methodHandle& mh, TRAPS) {
-  assert(!mh->is_abstract(), "abstract methods do not have adapters");
+void Method::make_adapters(const methodHandle& mh, TRAPS) {
+  assert(!mh->is_abstract() || InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, "abstract methods do not have adapters");
   PerfTraceTime timer(ClassLoader::perf_method_adapters_time());
 
   // Adapters for compiled code are made eagerly here.  They are fairly
@@ -1337,12 +1391,16 @@ address Method::make_adapters(const methodHandle& mh, TRAPS) {
       // Java exception object.
       vm_exit_during_initialization("Out of space in CodeCache for adapters");
     } else {
-      THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_OutOfMemoryError(), "Out of space in CodeCache for adapters");
+      THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_OutOfMemoryError(), "Out of space in CodeCache for adapters");
     }
   }
 
+  assert(!mh->has_scalarized_args() || (adapter->get_sig_cc() != nullptr && adapter->get_sig_cc_ro() != nullptr), "should be initialized");
+
   mh->set_adapter_entry(adapter);
-  return adapter->get_c2i_entry();
+#ifndef ZERO
+  assert(adapter->is_linked(), "Adapter must have been linked");
+#endif
 }
 
 // The verified_code_entry() must be called when a invoke is resolved
@@ -1358,6 +1416,18 @@ address Method::verified_code_entry() {
   return _from_compiled_entry;
 }
 
+address Method::verified_inline_code_entry() {
+  DEBUG_ONLY(NoSafepointVerifier nsv;)
+  assert(_from_compiled_inline_entry != nullptr, "must be set");
+  return _from_compiled_inline_entry;
+}
+
+address Method::verified_inline_ro_code_entry() {
+  DEBUG_ONLY(NoSafepointVerifier nsv;)
+  assert(_from_compiled_inline_ro_entry != nullptr, "must be set");
+  return _from_compiled_inline_ro_entry;
+}
+
 // Check that if an nmethod ref exists, it has a backlink to this or no backlink at all
 // (could be racing a deopt).
 // Not inline to avoid circular ref.
@@ -1389,6 +1459,8 @@ void Method::set_code(const methodHandle& mh, nmethod *code) {
 
   OrderAccess::storestore();
   mh->_from_compiled_entry = code->verified_entry_point();
+  mh->_from_compiled_inline_entry = code->verified_inline_entry_point();
+  mh->_from_compiled_inline_ro_entry = code->verified_inline_ro_entry_point();
   OrderAccess::storestore();
 
   if (mh->is_continuation_native_intrinsic()) {
@@ -1581,6 +1653,8 @@ methodHandle Method::make_method_handle_intrinsic(vmIntrinsics::ID iid,
 void Method::restore_archived_method_handle_intrinsic(methodHandle m, TRAPS) {
   if (m->adapter() != nullptr) {
     m->set_from_compiled_entry(m->adapter()->get_c2i_entry());
+    m->set_from_compiled_inline_entry(m->adapter()->get_c2i_inline_entry());
+    m->set_from_compiled_inline_ro_entry(m->adapter()->get_c2i_inline_ro_entry());
   }
   m->link_method(m, CHECK);
 
@@ -2198,6 +2272,60 @@ bool Method::is_valid_method(const Method* m) {
   }
 }
 
+bool Method::is_scalarized_arg(int idx) const {
+  if (!has_scalarized_args()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  // Search through signature and check if argument is wrapped in T_METADATA/T_VOID
+  int depth = 0;
+  const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig = adapter()->get_sig_cc();
+  for (int i = 0; i < sig->length(); i++) {
+    BasicType bt = sig->at(i)._bt;
+    if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+      depth++;
+    }
+    if (idx == 0) {
+      break; // Argument found
+    }
+    if (bt == T_VOID && (sig->at(i-1)._bt != T_LONG && sig->at(i-1)._bt != T_DOUBLE)) {
+      depth--;
+    }
+    if (depth == 0 && bt != T_LONG && bt != T_DOUBLE) {
+      idx--; // Advance to next argument
+    }
+  }
+  return depth != 0;
+}
+
+bool Method::is_scalarized_buffer_arg(int idx) const {
+  if (!has_scalarized_args()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  // Search through signature and check if argument is wrapped in T_METADATA/T_VOID
+  int depth = 0;
+  const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig = adapter()->get_sig_cc();
+  for (int i = 0; i < sig->length(); i++) {
+    BasicType bt = sig->at(i)._bt;
+    if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+      depth++;
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (bt == T_VOID && (sig->at(i-1)._bt != T_LONG && sig->at(i-1)._bt != T_DOUBLE)) {
+      depth--;
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (idx == 0) {
+      if (sig->at(i)._vt_oop) {
+        assert(depth == 1, "only for root value");
+        return true;
+      }
+      break; // Argument found
+    }
+    idx--; // Advance to next argument
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
 // Printing
 
 #ifndef PRODUCT
@@ -2223,6 +2351,10 @@ void Method::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
   if (highest_comp_level() != CompLevel_none)
     st->print_cr(" - highest level:     %d", highest_comp_level());
   st->print_cr(" - vtable index:      %d",   _vtable_index);
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  if (valid_itable_index())
+    st->print_cr(" - itable index:      %d",   itable_index());
+#endif
   st->print_cr(" - i2i entry:         " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(interpreter_entry()));
   st->print(   " - adapters:          ");
   AdapterHandlerEntry* a = ((Method*)this)->adapter();
@@ -2230,7 +2362,9 @@ void Method::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
     st->print_cr(PTR_FORMAT, p2i(a));
   else
     a->print_adapter_on(st);
-  st->print_cr(" - compiled entry     " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(from_compiled_entry()));
+  st->print_cr(" - compiled entry           " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(from_compiled_entry()));
+  st->print_cr(" - compiled inline entry    " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(from_compiled_inline_entry()));
+  st->print_cr(" - compiled inline ro entry " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(from_compiled_inline_ro_entry()));
   st->print_cr(" - code size:         %d",   code_size());
   if (code_size() != 0) {
     st->print_cr(" - code start:        " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(code_base()));
@@ -2309,6 +2443,10 @@ void Method::print_access_flags(outputStream* st) const {
   if (flags.is_abstract    ()) st->print("abstract ");
   if (flags.is_strictfp    ()) st->print("strict ");
   if (flags.is_synthetic   ()) st->print("synthetic ");
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    if (flags.is_identity_class()) st->print("identity ");
+    if (!flags.is_identity_class()) st->print("value "  );
+  }
 }
 
 void Method::print_value_on(outputStream* st) const {
@@ -2316,6 +2454,7 @@ void Method::print_value_on(outputStream* st) const {
   st->print("%s", internal_name());
   print_address_on(st);
   st->print(" ");
+  print_access_flags(st);
   name()->print_value_on(st);
   st->print(" ");
   signature()->print_value_on(st);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/method.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/method.hpp
index 9001193f318..3c0deda3640 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/method.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/method.hpp
@@ -92,7 +92,9 @@ class Method : public Metadata {
   address _i2i_entry;           // All-args-on-stack calling convention
   // Entry point for calling from compiled code, to compiled code if it exists
   // or else the interpreter.
-  volatile address _from_compiled_entry;     // Cache of: _code ? _code->entry_point() : _adapter->c2i_entry()
+  volatile address _from_compiled_entry;           // Cache of: _code ? _code->entry_point() : _adapter->c2i_entry()
+  volatile address _from_compiled_inline_ro_entry; // Cache of: _code ? _code->verified_inline_ro_entry_point() : _adapter->c2i_inline_ro_entry()
+  volatile address _from_compiled_inline_entry;    // Cache of: _code ? _code->verified_inline_entry_point()    : _adapter->c2i_inline_entry()
   // The entry point for calling both from and to compiled code is
   // "_code->entry_point()".  Because of tiered compilation and de-opt, this
   // field can come and go.  It can transition from null to not-null at any
@@ -130,8 +132,10 @@ class Method : public Metadata {
   void set_constMethod(ConstMethod* xconst)    { _constMethod = xconst; }
 
 
-  static address make_adapters(const methodHandle& mh, TRAPS);
+  static void make_adapters(const methodHandle& mh, TRAPS);
   address from_compiled_entry() const;
+  address from_compiled_inline_ro_entry() const;
+  address from_compiled_inline_entry() const;
   address from_interpreted_entry() const;
 
   // access flag
@@ -360,6 +364,8 @@ class Method : public Metadata {
 
   // nmethod/verified compiler entry
   address verified_code_entry();
+  address verified_inline_code_entry();
+  address verified_inline_ro_code_entry();
   bool check_code() const;      // Not inline to avoid circular ref
   nmethod* code() const;
 
@@ -382,12 +388,21 @@ class Method : public Metadata {
     _adapter = adapter;
   }
   void set_from_compiled_entry(address entry) {
-    _from_compiled_entry =  entry;
+    _from_compiled_entry = entry;
+  }
+  void set_from_compiled_inline_ro_entry(address entry) {
+    _from_compiled_inline_ro_entry = entry;
+  }
+  void set_from_compiled_inline_entry(address entry) {
+    _from_compiled_inline_entry = entry;
   }
 
   address get_i2c_entry();
   address get_c2i_entry();
+  address get_c2i_inline_entry();
+  address get_c2i_inline_ro_entry();
   address get_c2i_unverified_entry();
+  address get_c2i_unverified_inline_entry();
   address get_c2i_no_clinit_check_entry();
   AdapterHandlerEntry* adapter() const {
     return _adapter;
@@ -501,7 +516,7 @@ class Method : public Metadata {
   Symbol* klass_name() const;                    // returns the name of the method holder
   BasicType result_type() const                  { return constMethod()->result_type(); }
   bool is_returning_oop() const                  { BasicType r = result_type(); return is_reference_type(r); }
-  bool is_returning_fp() const                   { BasicType r = result_type(); return (r == T_FLOAT || r == T_DOUBLE); }
+  InlineKlass* returns_inline_type() const;
 
   // Checked exceptions thrown by this method (resolved to mirrors)
   objArrayHandle resolved_checked_exceptions(TRAPS) { return resolved_checked_exceptions_impl(this, THREAD); }
@@ -580,15 +595,12 @@ class Method : public Metadata {
   // returns true if the method does nothing but return a constant of primitive type
   bool is_constant_getter() const;
 
-  // returns true if the method is static OR if the classfile version < 51
-  bool has_valid_initializer_flags() const;
-
   // returns true if the method name is <clinit> and the method has
   // valid static initializer flags.
-  bool is_static_initializer() const;
+  bool is_class_initializer() const;
 
   // returns true if the method name is <init>
-  bool is_object_initializer() const;
+  bool is_object_constructor() const;
 
   // returns true if the method name is wait0
   bool is_object_wait0() const;
@@ -613,7 +625,10 @@ class Method : public Metadata {
   static ByteSize const_offset()                 { return byte_offset_of(Method, _constMethod       ); }
   static ByteSize access_flags_offset()          { return byte_offset_of(Method, _access_flags      ); }
   static ByteSize from_compiled_offset()         { return byte_offset_of(Method, _from_compiled_entry); }
+  static ByteSize from_compiled_inline_offset()  { return byte_offset_of(Method, _from_compiled_inline_entry); }
+  static ByteSize from_compiled_inline_ro_offset(){ return byte_offset_of(Method, _from_compiled_inline_ro_entry); }
   static ByteSize code_offset()                  { return byte_offset_of(Method, _code); }
+  static ByteSize flags_offset()                 { return byte_offset_of(Method, _flags); }
 
   static ByteSize method_counters_offset()       {
     return byte_offset_of(Method, _method_counters);
@@ -765,6 +780,18 @@ class Method : public Metadata {
   bool has_reserved_stack_access() const { return constMethod()->reserved_stack_access(); }
   void set_has_reserved_stack_access() { constMethod()->set_reserved_stack_access(); }
 
+  bool is_scalarized_arg(int idx) const;
+  bool is_scalarized_buffer_arg(int idx) const;
+
+  bool c1_needs_stack_repair() const { return constMethod()->c1_needs_stack_repair(); }
+  void set_c1_needs_stack_repair() { constMethod()->set_c1_needs_stack_repair(); }
+
+  bool c2_needs_stack_repair() const { return constMethod()->c2_needs_stack_repair(); }
+  void set_c2_needs_stack_repair() { constMethod()->set_c2_needs_stack_repair(); }
+
+  bool mismatch() const { return constMethod()->mismatch(); }
+  void set_mismatch() { constMethod()->set_mismatch(); }
+
   JFR_ONLY(DEFINE_TRACE_FLAG_ACCESSOR;)
 
   ConstMethod::MethodType method_type() const {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/method.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/method.inline.hpp
index 82dce518245..65f5c4fd302 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/method.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/method.inline.hpp
@@ -37,6 +37,14 @@ inline address Method::from_compiled_entry() const {
   return AtomicAccess::load_acquire(&_from_compiled_entry);
 }
 
+inline address Method::from_compiled_inline_ro_entry() const {
+  return AtomicAccess::load_acquire(&_from_compiled_inline_ro_entry);
+}
+
+inline address Method::from_compiled_inline_entry() const {
+  return AtomicAccess::load_acquire(&_from_compiled_inline_entry);
+}
+
 inline address Method::from_interpreted_entry() const {
   return AtomicAccess::load_acquire(&_from_interpreted_entry);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/methodData.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/methodData.cpp
index 4e9836c2b32..f3ff17cd9ca 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/methodData.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/methodData.cpp
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ void ProfileData::print_shared(outputStream* st, const char* name, const char* e
   }
   int flags = data()->flags();
   if (flags != 0) {
-    st->print("flags(%d) ", flags);
+    st->print("flags(%d) %p/%d", flags, data(), in_bytes(DataLayout::flags_offset()));
   }
 }
 
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ int TypeStackSlotEntries::compute_cell_count(Symbol* signature, bool include_rec
 
 int TypeEntriesAtCall::compute_cell_count(BytecodeStream* stream) {
   assert(Bytecodes::is_invoke(stream->code()), "should be invoke");
-  assert(TypeStackSlotEntries::per_arg_count() > ReturnTypeEntry::static_cell_count(), "code to test for arguments/results broken");
+  assert(TypeStackSlotEntries::per_arg_count() > SingleTypeEntry::static_cell_count(), "code to test for arguments/results broken");
   const methodHandle m = stream->method();
   int bci = stream->bci();
   Bytecode_invoke inv(m, bci);
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ int TypeEntriesAtCall::compute_cell_count(BytecodeStream* stream) {
   }
   int ret_cell = 0;
   if (MethodData::profile_return_for_invoke(m, bci) && is_reference_type(inv.result_type())) {
-    ret_cell = ReturnTypeEntry::static_cell_count();
+    ret_cell = SingleTypeEntry::static_cell_count();
   }
   int header_cell = 0;
   if (args_cell + ret_cell > 0) {
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ void TypeStackSlotEntries::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
   }
 }
 
-void ReturnTypeEntry::clean_weak_klass_links(bool always_clean) {
+void SingleTypeEntry::clean_weak_klass_links(bool always_clean) {
   intptr_t p = type();
   Klass* k = (Klass*)klass_part(p);
   if (k != nullptr) {
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ void ReturnTypeEntry::clean_weak_klass_links(bool always_clean) {
   }
 }
 
-void ReturnTypeEntry::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
+void SingleTypeEntry::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
   Klass** k = (Klass**)type_adr(); // tagged
   it->push(k);
 }
@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@ void TypeStackSlotEntries::print_data_on(outputStream* st) const {
   }
 }
 
-void ReturnTypeEntry::print_data_on(outputStream* st) const {
+void SingleTypeEntry::print_data_on(outputStream* st) const {
   _pd->tab(st);
   print_klass(st, type());
   st->cr();
@@ -578,6 +578,10 @@ void BranchData::post_initialize(BytecodeStream* stream, MethodData* mdo) {
 
 void BranchData::print_data_on(outputStream* st, const char* extra) const {
   print_shared(st, "BranchData", extra);
+  if (data()->flags()) {
+    st->cr();
+    tab(st);
+  }
   st->print_cr("taken(%u) displacement(%d)",
                taken(), displacement());
   tab(st);
@@ -708,6 +712,42 @@ void SpeculativeTrapData::print_data_on(outputStream* st, const char* extra) con
   st->cr();
 }
 
+void ArrayStoreData::print_data_on(outputStream* st, const char* extra) const {
+  print_shared(st, "ArrayStore", extra);
+  st->cr();
+  tab(st, true);
+  st->print("array");
+  _array.print_data_on(st);
+  tab(st, true);
+  st->print("element");
+  if (null_seen()) {
+    st->print(" (null seen)");
+  }
+  tab(st);
+  print_receiver_data_on(st);
+}
+
+void ArrayLoadData::print_data_on(outputStream* st, const char* extra) const {
+  print_shared(st, "ArrayLoad", extra);
+  st->cr();
+  tab(st, true);
+  st->print("array");
+  _array.print_data_on(st);
+  tab(st, true);
+  st->print("element");
+  _element.print_data_on(st);
+}
+
+void ACmpData::print_data_on(outputStream* st, const char* extra) const {
+  BranchData::print_data_on(st, extra);
+  tab(st, true);
+  st->print("left");
+  _left.print_data_on(st);
+  tab(st, true);
+  st->print("right");
+  _right.print_data_on(st);
+}
+
 // ==================================================================
 // MethodData*
 //
@@ -726,12 +766,15 @@ int MethodData::bytecode_cell_count(Bytecodes::Code code) {
   switch (code) {
   case Bytecodes::_checkcast:
   case Bytecodes::_instanceof:
-  case Bytecodes::_aastore:
     if (TypeProfileCasts) {
       return ReceiverTypeData::static_cell_count();
     } else {
       return BitData::static_cell_count();
     }
+  case Bytecodes::_aaload:
+    return ArrayLoadData::static_cell_count();
+  case Bytecodes::_aastore:
+    return ArrayStoreData::static_cell_count();
   case Bytecodes::_invokespecial:
   case Bytecodes::_invokestatic:
     if (MethodData::profile_arguments() || MethodData::profile_return()) {
@@ -771,11 +814,12 @@ int MethodData::bytecode_cell_count(Bytecodes::Code code) {
   case Bytecodes::_if_icmpge:
   case Bytecodes::_if_icmpgt:
   case Bytecodes::_if_icmple:
-  case Bytecodes::_if_acmpeq:
-  case Bytecodes::_if_acmpne:
   case Bytecodes::_ifnull:
   case Bytecodes::_ifnonnull:
     return BranchData::static_cell_count();
+  case Bytecodes::_if_acmpne:
+  case Bytecodes::_if_acmpeq:
+    return ACmpData::static_cell_count();
   case Bytecodes::_lookupswitch:
   case Bytecodes::_tableswitch:
     return variable_cell_count;
@@ -834,6 +878,7 @@ bool MethodData::is_speculative_trap_bytecode(Bytecodes::Code code) {
   switch (code) {
   case Bytecodes::_checkcast:
   case Bytecodes::_instanceof:
+  case Bytecodes::_aaload:
   case Bytecodes::_aastore:
   case Bytecodes::_invokevirtual:
   case Bytecodes::_invokeinterface:
@@ -941,7 +986,6 @@ int MethodData::initialize_data(BytecodeStream* stream,
   switch (c) {
   case Bytecodes::_checkcast:
   case Bytecodes::_instanceof:
-  case Bytecodes::_aastore:
     if (TypeProfileCasts) {
       cell_count = ReceiverTypeData::static_cell_count();
       tag = DataLayout::receiver_type_data_tag;
@@ -950,6 +994,14 @@ int MethodData::initialize_data(BytecodeStream* stream,
       tag = DataLayout::bit_data_tag;
     }
     break;
+  case Bytecodes::_aaload:
+    cell_count = ArrayLoadData::static_cell_count();
+    tag = DataLayout::array_load_data_tag;
+    break;
+  case Bytecodes::_aastore:
+    cell_count = ArrayStoreData::static_cell_count();
+    tag = DataLayout::array_store_data_tag;
+    break;
   case Bytecodes::_invokespecial:
   case Bytecodes::_invokestatic: {
     int counter_data_cell_count = CounterData::static_cell_count();
@@ -1021,13 +1073,16 @@ int MethodData::initialize_data(BytecodeStream* stream,
   case Bytecodes::_if_icmpge:
   case Bytecodes::_if_icmpgt:
   case Bytecodes::_if_icmple:
-  case Bytecodes::_if_acmpeq:
-  case Bytecodes::_if_acmpne:
   case Bytecodes::_ifnull:
   case Bytecodes::_ifnonnull:
     cell_count = BranchData::static_cell_count();
     tag = DataLayout::branch_data_tag;
     break;
+  case Bytecodes::_if_acmpeq:
+  case Bytecodes::_if_acmpne:
+    cell_count = ACmpData::static_cell_count();
+    tag = DataLayout::acmp_data_tag;
+    break;
   case Bytecodes::_lookupswitch:
   case Bytecodes::_tableswitch:
     cell_count = MultiBranchData::compute_cell_count(stream);
@@ -1095,6 +1150,12 @@ int DataLayout::cell_count() {
     return ((new ParametersTypeData(this))->cell_count());
   case DataLayout::speculative_trap_data_tag:
     return SpeculativeTrapData::static_cell_count();
+  case DataLayout::array_store_data_tag:
+    return ((new ArrayStoreData(this))->cell_count());
+  case DataLayout::array_load_data_tag:
+    return ((new ArrayLoadData(this))->cell_count());
+  case DataLayout::acmp_data_tag:
+    return ((new ACmpData(this))->cell_count());
   }
 }
 ProfileData* DataLayout::data_in() {
@@ -1129,6 +1190,12 @@ ProfileData* DataLayout::data_in() {
     return new ParametersTypeData(this);
   case DataLayout::speculative_trap_data_tag:
     return new SpeculativeTrapData(this);
+  case DataLayout::array_store_data_tag:
+    return new ArrayStoreData(this);
+  case DataLayout::array_load_data_tag:
+    return new ArrayLoadData(this);
+  case DataLayout::acmp_data_tag:
+    return new ACmpData(this);
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/methodData.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/methodData.hpp
index 28733432a9d..19ea9ac3ea1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/methodData.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/methodData.hpp
@@ -127,7 +127,10 @@ class DataLayout {
     call_type_data_tag,
     virtual_call_type_data_tag,
     parameters_type_data_tag,
-    speculative_trap_data_tag
+    speculative_trap_data_tag,
+    array_store_data_tag,
+    array_load_data_tag,
+    acmp_data_tag
   };
 
   enum {
@@ -287,15 +290,18 @@ class     CounterData;
 class       ReceiverTypeData;
 class         VirtualCallData;
 class           VirtualCallTypeData;
+class         ArrayStoreData;
 class       RetData;
 class       CallTypeData;
 class   JumpData;
 class     BranchData;
+class       ACmpData;
 class   ArrayData;
 class     MultiBranchData;
 class     ArgInfoData;
 class     ParametersTypeData;
 class   SpeculativeTrapData;
+class   ArrayLoadData;
 
 // ProfileData
 //
@@ -303,7 +309,7 @@ class   SpeculativeTrapData;
 // data in a structured way.
 class ProfileData : public ResourceObj {
   friend class TypeEntries;
-  friend class ReturnTypeEntry;
+  friend class SingleTypeEntry;
   friend class TypeStackSlotEntries;
 private:
   enum {
@@ -422,6 +428,9 @@ class ProfileData : public ResourceObj {
   virtual bool is_VirtualCallTypeData()const { return false; }
   virtual bool is_ParametersTypeData() const { return false; }
   virtual bool is_SpeculativeTrapData()const { return false; }
+  virtual bool is_ArrayStoreData() const { return false; }
+  virtual bool is_ArrayLoadData() const { return false; }
+  virtual bool is_ACmpData()           const { return false; }
 
 
   BitData* as_BitData() const {
@@ -480,6 +489,18 @@ class ProfileData : public ResourceObj {
     assert(is_SpeculativeTrapData(), "wrong type");
     return is_SpeculativeTrapData() ? (SpeculativeTrapData*)this : nullptr;
   }
+  ArrayStoreData* as_ArrayStoreData() const {
+    assert(is_ArrayStoreData(), "wrong type");
+    return is_ArrayStoreData() ? (ArrayStoreData*)this : nullptr;
+  }
+  ArrayLoadData* as_ArrayLoadData() const {
+    assert(is_ArrayLoadData(), "wrong type");
+    return is_ArrayLoadData() ? (ArrayLoadData*)this : nullptr;
+  }
+  ACmpData* as_ACmpData() const {
+    assert(is_ACmpData(), "wrong type");
+    return is_ACmpData() ? (ACmpData*)this : nullptr;
+  }
 
 
   // Subclass specific initialization
@@ -520,6 +541,7 @@ class BitData : public ProfileData {
       null_seen_flag                  = DataLayout::first_flag + 0,
       exception_handler_entered_flag  = null_seen_flag + 1,
       deprecated_method_callsite_flag = exception_handler_entered_flag + 1
+    , last_bit_data_flag
   };
   enum { bit_cell_count = 0 };  // no additional data fields needed.
 public:
@@ -540,7 +562,7 @@ class BitData : public ProfileData {
 
   // The null_seen flag bit is specially known to the interpreter.
   // Consulting it allows the compiler to avoid setting up null_check traps.
-  bool null_seen()     { return flag_at(null_seen_flag); }
+  bool null_seen() const  { return flag_at(null_seen_flag); }
   void set_null_seen()    { set_flag_at(null_seen_flag); }
   bool deprecated_method_call_site() const { return flag_at(deprecated_method_callsite_flag); }
   bool set_deprecated_method_call_site() { return data()->set_flag_at(deprecated_method_callsite_flag); }
@@ -633,7 +655,8 @@ class JumpData : public ProfileData {
 public:
   JumpData(DataLayout* layout) : ProfileData(layout) {
     assert(layout->tag() == DataLayout::jump_data_tag ||
-      layout->tag() == DataLayout::branch_data_tag, "wrong type");
+      layout->tag() == DataLayout::branch_data_tag ||
+      layout->tag() == DataLayout::acmp_data_tag, "wrong type");
   }
 
   virtual bool is_JumpData() const { return true; }
@@ -877,7 +900,7 @@ class TypeStackSlotEntries : public TypeEntries {
 
 // Type entry used for return from a call. A single cell to record the
 // type.
-class ReturnTypeEntry : public TypeEntries {
+class SingleTypeEntry : public TypeEntries {
 
 private:
   enum {
@@ -885,7 +908,7 @@ class ReturnTypeEntry : public TypeEntries {
   };
 
 public:
-  ReturnTypeEntry(int base_off)
+  SingleTypeEntry(int base_off)
     : TypeEntries(base_off) {}
 
   void post_initialize() {
@@ -926,7 +949,7 @@ class ReturnTypeEntry : public TypeEntries {
 };
 
 // Entries to collect type information at a call: contains arguments
-// (TypeStackSlotEntries), a return type (ReturnTypeEntry) and a
+// (TypeStackSlotEntries), a return type (SingleTypeEntry) and a
 // number of cells. Because the number of cells for the return type is
 // smaller than the number of cells for the type of an arguments, the
 // number of cells is used to tell how many arguments are profiled and
@@ -980,7 +1003,7 @@ class TypeEntriesAtCall {
   }
 
   static ByteSize return_only_size() {
-    return ReturnTypeEntry::size() + in_ByteSize(header_cell_count() * DataLayout::cell_size);
+    return SingleTypeEntry::size() + in_ByteSize(header_cell_count() * DataLayout::cell_size);
   }
 
 };
@@ -995,7 +1018,7 @@ class CallTypeData : public CounterData {
   // entries for arguments if any
   TypeStackSlotEntries _args;
   // entry for return type if any
-  ReturnTypeEntry _ret;
+  SingleTypeEntry _ret;
 
   int cell_count_global_offset() const {
     return CounterData::static_cell_count() + TypeEntriesAtCall::cell_count_local_offset();
@@ -1014,7 +1037,7 @@ class CallTypeData : public CounterData {
   CallTypeData(DataLayout* layout) :
     CounterData(layout),
     _args(CounterData::static_cell_count()+TypeEntriesAtCall::header_cell_count(), number_of_arguments()),
-    _ret(cell_count() - ReturnTypeEntry::static_cell_count())
+    _ret(cell_count() - SingleTypeEntry::static_cell_count())
   {
     assert(layout->tag() == DataLayout::call_type_data_tag, "wrong type");
     // Some compilers (VC++) don't want this passed in member initialization list
@@ -1027,7 +1050,7 @@ class CallTypeData : public CounterData {
     return &_args;
   }
 
-  const ReturnTypeEntry* ret() const {
+  const SingleTypeEntry* ret() const {
     assert(has_return(), "no profiling of return value");
     return &_ret;
   }
@@ -1150,7 +1173,8 @@ class ReceiverTypeData : public CounterData {
   ReceiverTypeData(DataLayout* layout) : CounterData(layout) {
     assert(layout->tag() == DataLayout::receiver_type_data_tag ||
            layout->tag() == DataLayout::virtual_call_data_tag ||
-           layout->tag() == DataLayout::virtual_call_type_data_tag, "wrong type");
+           layout->tag() == DataLayout::virtual_call_type_data_tag ||
+           layout->tag() == DataLayout::array_store_data_tag, "wrong type");
   }
 
   virtual bool is_ReceiverTypeData() const { return true; }
@@ -1282,7 +1306,7 @@ class VirtualCallTypeData : public VirtualCallData {
   // entries for arguments if any
   TypeStackSlotEntries _args;
   // entry for return type if any
-  ReturnTypeEntry _ret;
+  SingleTypeEntry _ret;
 
   int cell_count_global_offset() const {
     return VirtualCallData::static_cell_count() + TypeEntriesAtCall::cell_count_local_offset();
@@ -1301,7 +1325,7 @@ class VirtualCallTypeData : public VirtualCallData {
   VirtualCallTypeData(DataLayout* layout) :
     VirtualCallData(layout),
     _args(VirtualCallData::static_cell_count()+TypeEntriesAtCall::header_cell_count(), number_of_arguments()),
-    _ret(cell_count() - ReturnTypeEntry::static_cell_count())
+    _ret(cell_count() - SingleTypeEntry::static_cell_count())
   {
     assert(layout->tag() == DataLayout::virtual_call_type_data_tag, "wrong type");
     // Some compilers (VC++) don't want this passed in member initialization list
@@ -1314,7 +1338,7 @@ class VirtualCallTypeData : public VirtualCallData {
     return &_args;
   }
 
-  const ReturnTypeEntry* ret() const {
+  const SingleTypeEntry* ret() const {
     assert(has_return(), "no profiling of return value");
     return &_ret;
   }
@@ -1526,7 +1550,7 @@ class BranchData : public JumpData {
 
 public:
   BranchData(DataLayout* layout) : JumpData(layout) {
-    assert(layout->tag() == DataLayout::branch_data_tag, "wrong type");
+    assert(layout->tag() == DataLayout::branch_data_tag || layout->tag() == DataLayout::acmp_data_tag, "wrong type");
   }
 
   virtual bool is_BranchData() const { return true; }
@@ -1885,6 +1909,229 @@ class SpeculativeTrapData : public ProfileData {
   virtual void print_data_on(outputStream* st, const char* extra = nullptr) const;
 };
 
+class ArrayStoreData : public ReceiverTypeData {
+private:
+  enum {
+    flat_array_flag = BitData::last_bit_data_flag,
+    null_free_array_flag = flat_array_flag + 1,
+  };
+
+  SingleTypeEntry _array;
+
+public:
+  ArrayStoreData(DataLayout* layout) :
+    ReceiverTypeData(layout),
+    _array(ReceiverTypeData::static_cell_count()) {
+    assert(layout->tag() == DataLayout::array_store_data_tag, "wrong type");
+    _array.set_profile_data(this);
+  }
+
+  const SingleTypeEntry* array() const {
+    return &_array;
+  }
+
+  virtual bool is_ArrayStoreData() const { return true; }
+
+  static int static_cell_count() {
+    return ReceiverTypeData::static_cell_count() + SingleTypeEntry::static_cell_count();
+  }
+
+  virtual int cell_count() const {
+    return static_cell_count();
+  }
+
+  void set_flat_array() { set_flag_at(flat_array_flag); }
+  bool flat_array() const { return flag_at(flat_array_flag); }
+
+  void set_null_free_array() { set_flag_at(null_free_array_flag); }
+  bool null_free_array() const { return flag_at(null_free_array_flag); }
+
+  // Code generation support
+  static int flat_array_byte_constant() {
+    return flag_number_to_constant(flat_array_flag);
+  }
+
+  static int null_free_array_byte_constant() {
+    return flag_number_to_constant(null_free_array_flag);
+  }
+
+  static ByteSize array_offset() {
+    return cell_offset(ReceiverTypeData::static_cell_count());
+  }
+
+  virtual void clean_weak_klass_links(bool always_clean) {
+    ReceiverTypeData::clean_weak_klass_links(always_clean);
+    _array.clean_weak_klass_links(always_clean);
+  }
+
+  virtual void metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
+    ReceiverTypeData::metaspace_pointers_do(it);
+    _array.metaspace_pointers_do(it);
+  }
+
+  static ByteSize array_store_data_size() {
+    return cell_offset(static_cell_count());
+  }
+
+  virtual void print_data_on(outputStream* st, const char* extra = nullptr) const;
+};
+
+class ArrayLoadData : public BitData {
+private:
+  enum {
+    flat_array_flag = BitData::last_bit_data_flag,
+    null_free_array_flag = flat_array_flag + 1,
+  };
+
+  SingleTypeEntry _array;
+  SingleTypeEntry _element;
+
+public:
+  ArrayLoadData(DataLayout* layout) :
+    BitData(layout),
+    _array(0),
+    _element(SingleTypeEntry::static_cell_count()) {
+    assert(layout->tag() == DataLayout::array_load_data_tag, "wrong type");
+    _array.set_profile_data(this);
+    _element.set_profile_data(this);
+  }
+
+  const SingleTypeEntry* array() const {
+    return &_array;
+  }
+
+  const SingleTypeEntry* element() const {
+    return &_element;
+  }
+
+  virtual bool is_ArrayLoadData() const { return true; }
+
+  static int static_cell_count() {
+    return SingleTypeEntry::static_cell_count() * 2;
+  }
+
+  virtual int cell_count() const {
+    return static_cell_count();
+  }
+
+  void set_flat_array() { set_flag_at(flat_array_flag); }
+  bool flat_array() const { return flag_at(flat_array_flag); }
+
+  void set_null_free_array() { set_flag_at(null_free_array_flag); }
+  bool null_free_array() const { return flag_at(null_free_array_flag); }
+
+  // Code generation support
+  static int flat_array_byte_constant() {
+    return flag_number_to_constant(flat_array_flag);
+  }
+
+  static int null_free_array_byte_constant() {
+    return flag_number_to_constant(null_free_array_flag);
+  }
+
+  static ByteSize array_offset() {
+    return cell_offset(0);
+  }
+
+  static ByteSize element_offset() {
+    return cell_offset(SingleTypeEntry::static_cell_count());
+  }
+
+  virtual void clean_weak_klass_links(bool always_clean) {
+    _array.clean_weak_klass_links(always_clean);
+    _element.clean_weak_klass_links(always_clean);
+  }
+
+  virtual void metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
+    _array.metaspace_pointers_do(it);
+    _element.metaspace_pointers_do(it);
+  }
+
+  static ByteSize array_load_data_size() {
+    return cell_offset(static_cell_count());
+  }
+
+  virtual void print_data_on(outputStream* st, const char* extra = nullptr) const;
+};
+
+class ACmpData : public BranchData {
+private:
+  enum {
+    left_inline_type_flag = DataLayout::first_flag,
+    right_inline_type_flag
+  };
+
+  SingleTypeEntry _left;
+  SingleTypeEntry _right;
+
+public:
+  ACmpData(DataLayout* layout) :
+    BranchData(layout),
+    _left(BranchData::static_cell_count()),
+    _right(BranchData::static_cell_count() + SingleTypeEntry::static_cell_count()) {
+    assert(layout->tag() == DataLayout::acmp_data_tag, "wrong type");
+    _left.set_profile_data(this);
+    _right.set_profile_data(this);
+  }
+
+  const SingleTypeEntry* left() const {
+    return &_left;
+  }
+
+  const SingleTypeEntry* right() const {
+    return &_right;
+  }
+
+  virtual bool is_ACmpData() const { return true; }
+
+  static int static_cell_count() {
+    return BranchData::static_cell_count() + SingleTypeEntry::static_cell_count() * 2;
+  }
+
+  virtual int cell_count() const {
+    return static_cell_count();
+  }
+
+  void set_left_inline_type() { set_flag_at(left_inline_type_flag); }
+  bool left_inline_type() const { return flag_at(left_inline_type_flag); }
+
+  void set_right_inline_type() { set_flag_at(right_inline_type_flag); }
+  bool right_inline_type() const { return flag_at(right_inline_type_flag); }
+
+  // Code generation support
+  static int left_inline_type_byte_constant() {
+    return flag_number_to_constant(left_inline_type_flag);
+  }
+
+  static int right_inline_type_byte_constant() {
+    return flag_number_to_constant(right_inline_type_flag);
+  }
+
+  static ByteSize left_offset() {
+    return cell_offset(BranchData::static_cell_count());
+  }
+
+  static ByteSize right_offset() {
+    return cell_offset(BranchData::static_cell_count() + SingleTypeEntry::static_cell_count());
+  }
+
+  virtual void clean_weak_klass_links(bool always_clean) {
+    _left.clean_weak_klass_links(always_clean);
+    _right.clean_weak_klass_links(always_clean);
+  }
+
+  virtual void metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
+    _left.metaspace_pointers_do(it);
+    _right.metaspace_pointers_do(it);
+  }
+
+  static ByteSize acmp_data_size() {
+    return cell_offset(static_cell_count());
+  }
+
+  virtual void print_data_on(outputStream* st, const char* extra = nullptr) const;
+};
+
 // MethodData*
 //
 // A MethodData* holds information which has been collected about
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/methodFlags.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/methodFlags.hpp
index cb424b3f796..f023fa743bb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/methodFlags.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/methodFlags.hpp
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ class MethodFlags {
    status(has_loops_flag              , 1 << 13) /* Method has loops */ \
    status(has_loops_flag_init         , 1 << 14) /* The loop flag has been initialized */ \
    status(on_stack_flag               , 1 << 15) /* RedefineClasses support to keep Metadata from being cleaned */ \
+   status(has_scalarized_args         , 1 << 16) \
    /* end of list */
 
 #define M_STATUS_ENUM_NAME(name, value)    _misc_##name = value,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.cpp
index fccd02f14e6..c8a051fee8b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
 #include "classfile/packageEntry.hpp"
 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
@@ -31,26 +32,37 @@
 #include "memory/iterator.inline.hpp"
 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
 #include "memory/metaspaceClosure.hpp"
+#include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "oops/arrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/arrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/layoutKind.hpp"
+#include "oops/markWord.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/refArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/symbol.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/mutexLocker.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 
-ObjArrayKlass* ObjArrayKlass::allocate_klass(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, int n, Klass* k, Symbol* name, TRAPS) {
+ObjArrayKlass* ObjArrayKlass::allocate_klass(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, int n,
+                                             Klass* k, Symbol* name,
+                                             ArrayProperties props, TRAPS) {
   assert(ObjArrayKlass::header_size() <= InstanceKlass::header_size(),
       "array klasses must be same size as InstanceKlass");
 
   int size = ArrayKlass::static_size(ObjArrayKlass::header_size());
 
-  return new (loader_data, size, THREAD) ObjArrayKlass(n, k, name);
+  return new (loader_data, size, THREAD) ObjArrayKlass(n, k, name, Kind, props);
 }
 
 Symbol* ObjArrayKlass::create_element_klass_array_name(JavaThread* current, Klass* element_klass) {
@@ -102,7 +114,7 @@ ObjArrayKlass* ObjArrayKlass::allocate_objArray_klass(ClassLoaderData* loader_da
   Symbol* name = create_element_klass_array_name(THREAD, element_klass);
 
   // Initialize instance variables
-  ObjArrayKlass* oak = ObjArrayKlass::allocate_klass(loader_data, n, element_klass, name, CHECK_NULL);
+  ObjArrayKlass* oak = ObjArrayKlass::allocate_klass(loader_data, n, element_klass, name, ArrayProperties::Invalid(), CHECK_NULL);
 
   ModuleEntry* module = oak->module();
   assert(module != nullptr, "No module entry for array");
@@ -120,49 +132,133 @@ ObjArrayKlass* ObjArrayKlass::allocate_objArray_klass(ClassLoaderData* loader_da
   return oak;
 }
 
-ObjArrayKlass::ObjArrayKlass(int n, Klass* element_klass, Symbol* name) : ArrayKlass(n, name, Kind) {
-  set_element_klass(element_klass);
-
+static Klass* calculate_bottom_klass(Klass* element_klass) {
   Klass* bk;
   if (element_klass->is_objArray_klass()) {
+    assert(!element_klass->is_refined_objArray_klass(), "no such mechanism yet");
     bk = ObjArrayKlass::cast(element_klass)->bottom_klass();
   } else {
+    assert(!element_klass->is_refArray_klass(), "Sanity");
     bk = element_klass;
   }
-  assert(bk != nullptr && (bk->is_instance_klass() || bk->is_typeArray_klass()), "invalid bottom klass");
-  set_bottom_klass(bk);
-  set_class_loader_data(bk->class_loader_data());
+
+  assert(bk != nullptr, "Sanity");
+  assert(bk->is_instance_klass() || bk->is_typeArray_klass(), "invalid bottom klass");
+
+  return bk;
+}
+
+ObjArrayKlass::ObjArrayKlass(int n, Klass* element_klass, Symbol* name, KlassKind kind, ArrayProperties props)
+    : ArrayKlass(n, name, kind, props),
+      _element_klass(element_klass),
+      _bottom_klass(calculate_bottom_klass(element_klass)),
+      _next_refined_array_klass(nullptr) {
+
+  set_class_loader_data(_bottom_klass->class_loader_data());
 
   if (element_klass->is_array_klass()) {
     set_lower_dimension(ArrayKlass::cast(element_klass));
   }
 
-  set_layout_helper(array_layout_helper(T_OBJECT));
+  int lh = array_layout_helper(T_OBJECT);
+  if (props.is_null_restricted()) {
+    assert(n == 1, "Bytecode does not support null-free multi-dim");
+    lh = layout_helper_set_null_free(lh);
+#ifdef _LP64
+    assert(prototype_header().is_null_free_array(), "sanity");
+#endif
+  }
+  set_layout_helper(lh);
   assert(is_array_klass(), "sanity");
   assert(is_objArray_klass(), "sanity");
 }
 
 size_t ObjArrayKlass::oop_size(oop obj) const {
-  // In this assert, we cannot safely access the Klass* with compact headers,
-  // because size_given_klass() calls oop_size() on objects that might be
-  // concurrently forwarded, which would overwrite the Klass*.
-  assert(UseCompactObjectHeaders || obj->is_objArray(), "must be object array");
-  return objArrayOop(obj)->object_size();
+  ShouldNotReachHere();
+}
+
+ArrayDescription ObjArrayKlass::array_layout_selection(Klass* element, ArrayProperties props) {
+  // TODO FIXME: the layout selection should take the array size in consideration
+  // to avoid creation of arrays too big to be handled by the VM. See JDK-8233189
+  if (!UseArrayFlattening || element->is_array_klass() || element->is_identity_class() || element->is_abstract()) {
+    return ArrayDescription(RefArrayKlassKind, props, LayoutKind::REFERENCE);
+  }
+  InlineKlass* vk = InlineKlass::cast(element);
+  if (!vk->maybe_flat_in_array()) {
+    return ArrayDescription(RefArrayKlassKind, props, LayoutKind::REFERENCE);
+  }
+
+  assert(vk->is_final(), "Flat layouts below require monomorphic elements");
+  if (props.is_null_restricted()) {
+    if (props.is_non_atomic()) {
+      // Null-restricted + non-atomic
+      if (vk->has_null_free_non_atomic_layout()) {
+        return ArrayDescription(FlatArrayKlassKind, props, LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT);
+      } else if (vk->has_null_free_atomic_layout()) {
+        return ArrayDescription(FlatArrayKlassKind, props, LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT);
+      } else {
+        return ArrayDescription(RefArrayKlassKind, props, LayoutKind::REFERENCE);
+      }
+    } else {
+      // Null-restricted + atomic
+      if (vk->is_naturally_atomic(true /* null-free */) && vk->has_null_free_non_atomic_layout()) {
+        return ArrayDescription(FlatArrayKlassKind, props, LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT);
+      } else if (vk->has_null_free_atomic_layout()) {
+        return ArrayDescription(FlatArrayKlassKind, props, LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT);
+      } else {
+        return ArrayDescription(RefArrayKlassKind, props, LayoutKind::REFERENCE);
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    // nullable implies atomic, so the non-atomic property is ignored
+    if (vk->has_nullable_atomic_layout()) {
+      return ArrayDescription(FlatArrayKlassKind, props, LayoutKind::NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT);
+    } else {
+      return ArrayDescription(RefArrayKlassKind, props, LayoutKind::REFERENCE);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+ObjArrayKlass* ObjArrayKlass::allocate_klass_from_description(ArrayDescription ad, TRAPS) {
+  assert(ad._properties.is_valid(), "Sanity check");
+  assert(ad._properties.is_null_restricted() || !ad._properties.is_non_atomic(), "only null-restricted array can be non-atomic");
+
+  switch (ad._kind) {
+    case Klass::RefArrayKlassKind:
+      return RefArrayKlass::allocate_refArray_klass(class_loader_data(), dimension(), element_klass(), ad._properties, CHECK_NULL);
+
+    case Klass::FlatArrayKlassKind:
+      assert(dimension() == 1, "Flat arrays can only be dimension 1 arrays");
+      return FlatArrayKlass::allocate_klass(element_klass(), ad._properties, ad._layout_kind, CHECK_NULL);
+
+    default:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
 }
 
-objArrayOop ObjArrayKlass::allocate_instance(int length, TRAPS) {
+objArrayOop ObjArrayKlass::allocate_instance(int length, ArrayProperties props, TRAPS) {
   check_array_allocation_length(length, arrayOopDesc::max_array_length(T_OBJECT), CHECK_NULL);
-  size_t size = objArrayOopDesc::object_size(length);
-  return (objArrayOop)Universe::heap()->array_allocate(this, size, length,
-                                                       /* do_zero */ true, THREAD);
+  ObjArrayKlass* ak = klass_with_properties(props, CHECK_NULL);
+  switch (ak->kind()) {
+    case Klass::RefArrayKlassKind:
+      return RefArrayKlass::cast(ak)->allocate_instance(length, CHECK_NULL);
+
+    case Klass::FlatArrayKlassKind:
+      return FlatArrayKlass::cast(ak)->allocate_instance(length, CHECK_NULL);
+
+    default:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
 }
 
 oop ObjArrayKlass::multi_allocate(int rank, jint* sizes, TRAPS) {
   int length = *sizes;
   ArrayKlass* ld_klass = lower_dimension();
   // If length < 0 allocate will throw an exception.
-  objArrayOop array = allocate_instance(length, CHECK_NULL);
-  objArrayHandle h_array (THREAD, array);
+  objArrayOop array = allocate_instance(length, ArrayProperties::Default(), CHECK_NULL);
+  assert(array->is_refined_objArray(), "Must be");
+
+  objArrayHandle h_array(THREAD, array);
   if (rank > 1) {
     if (length != 0) {
       for (int index = 0; index < length; index++) {
@@ -184,135 +280,9 @@ oop ObjArrayKlass::multi_allocate(int rank, jint* sizes, TRAPS) {
   return h_array();
 }
 
-static void throw_array_store_exception(arrayOop src, arrayOop dst, TRAPS) {
-  ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
-  Klass* bound = ObjArrayKlass::cast(dst->klass())->element_klass();
-  Klass* stype = ObjArrayKlass::cast(src->klass())->element_klass();
-  stringStream ss;
-  if (!bound->is_subtype_of(stype)) {
-    ss.print("arraycopy: type mismatch: can not copy %s[] into %s[]",
-             stype->external_name(), bound->external_name());
-  } else {
-    // oop_arraycopy should return the index in the source array that
-    // contains the problematic oop.
-    ss.print("arraycopy: element type mismatch: can not cast one of the elements"
-             " of %s[] to the type of the destination array, %s",
-             stype->external_name(), bound->external_name());
-  }
-  THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException(), ss.as_string());
-}
-
-// Either oop or narrowOop depending on UseCompressedOops.
-void ObjArrayKlass::do_copy(arrayOop s, size_t src_offset,
-                            arrayOop d, size_t dst_offset, int length, TRAPS) {
-  if (s == d) {
-    // since source and destination are equal we do not need conversion checks.
-    assert(length > 0, "sanity check");
-    OopCopyResult result = ArrayAccess<>::oop_arraycopy(s, src_offset, d, dst_offset, length);
-    assert(result == OopCopyResult::ok, "Should never fail");
-  } else {
-    // We have to make sure all elements conform to the destination array
-    Klass* bound = ObjArrayKlass::cast(d->klass())->element_klass();
-    Klass* stype = ObjArrayKlass::cast(s->klass())->element_klass();
-    bool type_check = stype != bound && !stype->is_subtype_of(bound);
-
-    auto arraycopy = [&] {
-      if (type_check) {
-        return ArrayAccess<ARRAYCOPY_DISJOINT | ARRAYCOPY_CHECKCAST>::
-            oop_arraycopy(s, src_offset, d, dst_offset, length);
-      } else {
-        return ArrayAccess<ARRAYCOPY_DISJOINT>::
-            oop_arraycopy(s, src_offset, d, dst_offset, length);
-      }
-    };
-
-    OopCopyResult result = arraycopy();
-
-    switch (result) {
-    case OopCopyResult::ok:
-      // Done
-      break;
-    case OopCopyResult::failed_check_class_cast:
-      throw_array_store_exception(s, d, JavaThread::current());
-      break;
-    default:
-      ShouldNotReachHere();
-    }
-  }
-}
-
 void ObjArrayKlass::copy_array(arrayOop s, int src_pos, arrayOop d,
                                int dst_pos, int length, TRAPS) {
-  assert(s->is_objArray(), "must be obj array");
-
-  if (!d->is_objArray()) {
-    ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
-    stringStream ss;
-    if (d->is_typeArray()) {
-      ss.print("arraycopy: type mismatch: can not copy object array[] into %s[]",
-               type2name_tab[ArrayKlass::cast(d->klass())->element_type()]);
-    } else {
-      ss.print("arraycopy: destination type %s is not an array", d->klass()->external_name());
-    }
-    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException(), ss.as_string());
-  }
-
-  // Check is all offsets and lengths are non negative
-  if (src_pos < 0 || dst_pos < 0 || length < 0) {
-    // Pass specific exception reason.
-    ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
-    stringStream ss;
-    if (src_pos < 0) {
-      ss.print("arraycopy: source index %d out of bounds for object array[%d]",
-               src_pos, s->length());
-    } else if (dst_pos < 0) {
-      ss.print("arraycopy: destination index %d out of bounds for object array[%d]",
-               dst_pos, d->length());
-    } else {
-      ss.print("arraycopy: length %d is negative", length);
-    }
-    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(), ss.as_string());
-  }
-  // Check if the ranges are valid
-  if ((((unsigned int) length + (unsigned int) src_pos) > (unsigned int) s->length()) ||
-      (((unsigned int) length + (unsigned int) dst_pos) > (unsigned int) d->length())) {
-    // Pass specific exception reason.
-    ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
-    stringStream ss;
-    if (((unsigned int) length + (unsigned int) src_pos) > (unsigned int) s->length()) {
-      ss.print("arraycopy: last source index %u out of bounds for object array[%d]",
-               (unsigned int) length + (unsigned int) src_pos, s->length());
-    } else {
-      ss.print("arraycopy: last destination index %u out of bounds for object array[%d]",
-               (unsigned int) length + (unsigned int) dst_pos, d->length());
-    }
-    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(), ss.as_string());
-  }
-
-  // Special case. Boundary cases must be checked first
-  // This allows the following call: copy_array(s, s.length(), d.length(), 0).
-  // This is correct, since the position is supposed to be an 'in between point', i.e., s.length(),
-  // points to the right of the last element.
-  if (length==0) {
-    return;
-  }
-  if (UseCompressedOops) {
-    size_t src_offset = (size_t) objArrayOopDesc::obj_at_offset<narrowOop>(src_pos);
-    size_t dst_offset = (size_t) objArrayOopDesc::obj_at_offset<narrowOop>(dst_pos);
-    assert(arrayOopDesc::obj_offset_to_raw<narrowOop>(s, src_offset, nullptr) ==
-           objArrayOop(s)->obj_at_addr<narrowOop>(src_pos), "sanity");
-    assert(arrayOopDesc::obj_offset_to_raw<narrowOop>(d, dst_offset, nullptr) ==
-           objArrayOop(d)->obj_at_addr<narrowOop>(dst_pos), "sanity");
-    do_copy(s, src_offset, d, dst_offset, length, CHECK);
-  } else {
-    size_t src_offset = (size_t) objArrayOopDesc::obj_at_offset<oop>(src_pos);
-    size_t dst_offset = (size_t) objArrayOopDesc::obj_at_offset<oop>(dst_pos);
-    assert(arrayOopDesc::obj_offset_to_raw<oop>(s, src_offset, nullptr) ==
-           objArrayOop(s)->obj_at_addr<oop>(src_pos), "sanity");
-    assert(arrayOopDesc::obj_offset_to_raw<oop>(d, dst_offset, nullptr) ==
-           objArrayOop(d)->obj_at_addr<oop>(dst_pos), "sanity");
-    do_copy(s, src_offset, d, dst_offset, length, CHECK);
-  }
+  ShouldNotReachHere();
 }
 
 bool ObjArrayKlass::can_be_primary_super_slow() const {
@@ -357,8 +327,36 @@ void ObjArrayKlass::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
   ArrayKlass::metaspace_pointers_do(it);
   it->push(&_element_klass);
   it->push(&_bottom_klass);
+  if (_next_refined_array_klass != nullptr && !CDSConfig::is_dumping_dynamic_archive()) {
+    it->push(&_next_refined_array_klass);
+  }
+}
+
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+void ObjArrayKlass::restore_unshareable_info(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, Handle protection_domain, TRAPS) {
+  ArrayKlass::restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, protection_domain, CHECK);
+  if (_next_refined_array_klass != nullptr) {
+    _next_refined_array_klass->restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, protection_domain, CHECK);
+  }
 }
 
+void ObjArrayKlass::remove_unshareable_info() {
+  ArrayKlass::remove_unshareable_info();
+  if (_next_refined_array_klass != nullptr && !CDSConfig::is_dumping_dynamic_archive()) {
+    _next_refined_array_klass->remove_unshareable_info();
+  } else {
+    _next_refined_array_klass = nullptr;
+  }
+}
+
+void ObjArrayKlass::remove_java_mirror() {
+  ArrayKlass::remove_java_mirror();
+  if (_next_refined_array_klass != nullptr && !CDSConfig::is_dumping_dynamic_archive()) {
+    _next_refined_array_klass->remove_java_mirror();
+  }
+}
+#endif // INCLUDE_CDS
+
 u2 ObjArrayKlass::compute_modifier_flags() const {
   // The modifier for an objectArray is the same as its element
   assert (element_klass() != nullptr, "should be initialized");
@@ -366,8 +364,10 @@ u2 ObjArrayKlass::compute_modifier_flags() const {
   // Return the flags of the bottom element type.
   u2 element_flags = bottom_klass()->compute_modifier_flags();
 
+  int identity_flag = (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) ? JVM_ACC_IDENTITY : 0;
+
   return (element_flags & (JVM_ACC_PUBLIC | JVM_ACC_PRIVATE | JVM_ACC_PROTECTED))
-                        | (JVM_ACC_ABSTRACT | JVM_ACC_FINAL);
+                        | (identity_flag | JVM_ACC_ABSTRACT | JVM_ACC_FINAL);
 }
 
 ModuleEntry* ObjArrayKlass::module() const {
@@ -381,12 +381,71 @@ PackageEntry* ObjArrayKlass::package() const {
   return bottom_klass()->package();
 }
 
+ObjArrayKlass* ObjArrayKlass::klass_with_properties(ArrayProperties props, TRAPS) {
+  assert(props.is_valid(), "Sanity check");
+  ArrayDescription ad = array_layout_selection(element_klass(), props);
+
+  return klass_from_description(ad, THREAD);
+}
+
+ObjArrayKlass* ObjArrayKlass::klass_from_description(ArrayDescription ad, TRAPS) {
+  element_klass()->validate_array_description(ad);
+
+  const ArrayProperties props = ad._properties;
+  assert(props.is_valid(), "must be");
+
+  if (properties() == props && kind() == ad._kind) {
+    assert(is_refined_objArray_klass(), "Must be a refined array klass");
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  ObjArrayKlass* ak = next_refined_array_klass_acquire();
+  if (ak == nullptr) {
+    // Ensure atomic creation of refined array klasses
+    RecursiveLocker rl(MultiArray_lock, THREAD);
+
+    if (next_refined_array_klass() == nullptr) {
+      ObjArrayKlass* first = this;
+      if (is_unrefined_objArray_klass()) {
+        // Make sure that the first entry in the linked list is always the default refined klass because
+        // C2 relies on this for a fast lookup (see LibraryCallKit::load_default_refined_array_klass).
+        ArrayDescription default_ad = array_layout_selection(element_klass(), ArrayProperties::Default());
+        if (default_ad._kind != ad._kind || default_ad._properties != ad._properties
+            || default_ad._layout_kind != ad._layout_kind) {
+          first = allocate_klass_from_description(default_ad, CHECK_NULL);
+          release_set_next_refined_klass(first);
+        }
+      }
+      ak = allocate_klass_from_description(ad, CHECK_NULL);
+      first->release_set_next_refined_klass(ak);
+    }
+  }
+
+  ObjArrayKlass* next_ak = next_refined_array_klass();
+  assert(next_ak != nullptr, "should be set");
+  THREAD->check_possible_safepoint();
+  return next_ak->klass_from_description(ad, THREAD);
+}
+
+// Iterate the linked list of refined array klasses
+bool ObjArrayKlass::find_refined_array_klass(ObjArrayKlass* k) {
+  assert(k->is_refined_objArray_klass(), "must be");
+  ObjArrayKlass* curr = this;
+  while (curr != nullptr) {
+    if (curr == k) {
+      return true;
+    }
+    curr = curr->next_refined_array_klass();
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
 // Printing
 
 void ObjArrayKlass::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   Klass::print_on(st);
-  st->print(" - instance klass: ");
+  st->print(" - element klass: ");
   element_klass()->print_value_on(st);
   st->cr();
 #endif //PRODUCT
@@ -402,38 +461,13 @@ void ObjArrayKlass::print_value_on(outputStream* st) const {
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 
 void ObjArrayKlass::oop_print_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) {
-  ArrayKlass::oop_print_on(obj, st);
-  assert(obj->is_objArray(), "must be objArray");
-  objArrayOop oa = objArrayOop(obj);
-  int print_len = MIN2(oa->length(), MaxElementPrintSize);
-  for(int index = 0; index < print_len; index++) {
-    st->print(" - %3d : ", index);
-    if (oa->obj_at(index) != nullptr) {
-      oa->obj_at(index)->print_value_on(st);
-      st->cr();
-    } else {
-      st->print_cr("null");
-    }
-  }
-  int remaining = oa->length() - print_len;
-  if (remaining > 0) {
-    st->print_cr(" - <%d more elements, increase MaxElementPrintSize to print>", remaining);
-  }
+  ShouldNotReachHere();
 }
 
 #endif //PRODUCT
 
 void ObjArrayKlass::oop_print_value_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) {
-  assert(obj->is_objArray(), "must be objArray");
-  st->print("a ");
-  element_klass()->print_value_on(st);
-  int len = objArrayOop(obj)->length();
-  st->print("[%d] ", len);
-  if (obj != nullptr) {
-    obj->print_address_on(st);
-  } else {
-    st->print_cr("null");
-  }
+  ShouldNotReachHere();
 }
 
 const char* ObjArrayKlass::internal_name() const {
@@ -448,14 +482,14 @@ void ObjArrayKlass::verify_on(outputStream* st) {
   guarantee(element_klass()->is_klass(), "should be klass");
   guarantee(bottom_klass()->is_klass(), "should be klass");
   Klass* bk = bottom_klass();
-  guarantee(bk->is_instance_klass() || bk->is_typeArray_klass(),  "invalid bottom klass");
+  guarantee(bk->is_instance_klass() || bk->is_typeArray_klass(),
+            "invalid bottom klass");
 }
 
 void ObjArrayKlass::oop_verify_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) {
   ArrayKlass::oop_verify_on(obj, st);
+  guarantee(is_refined_objArray_klass(), "Must be called with refined obj array klass");
   guarantee(obj->is_objArray(), "must be objArray");
-  objArrayOop oa = objArrayOop(obj);
-  for(int index = 0; index < oa->length(); index++) {
-    guarantee(oopDesc::is_oop_or_null(oa->obj_at(index)), "should be oop");
-  }
+  guarantee(oop_cast<objArrayOop>(obj)->is_null_free_array() || (!is_null_free_array_klass()),
+            "null-free klass but not object");
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.hpp
index 2197333f40d..846a05fb641 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.hpp
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ class ObjArrayKlass : public ArrayKlass {
   friend class Deoptimization;
   friend class oopFactory;
   friend class VMStructs;
+  friend class ciInlineKlass;
 
  public:
   static const KlassKind Kind = ObjArrayKlassKind;
@@ -45,12 +46,22 @@ class ObjArrayKlass : public ArrayKlass {
   // must add this field to ObjArrayKlass::metaspace_pointers_do().
   Klass* _element_klass;            // The klass of the elements of this array type
   Klass* _bottom_klass;             // The one-dimensional type (InstanceKlass or TypeArrayKlass)
+  ObjArrayKlass* _next_refined_array_klass;
 
+  static ArrayDescription array_layout_selection(Klass* element, ArrayProperties properties);
+  ObjArrayKlass* allocate_klass_from_description(ArrayDescription ad, TRAPS);
+  ObjArrayKlass* klass_from_description(ArrayDescription adesc, TRAPS);
+
+  inline ObjArrayKlass* next_refined_array_klass_acquire() const;
+  inline void release_set_next_refined_klass(ObjArrayKlass* ak);
+
+ protected:
   // Constructor
-  ObjArrayKlass(int n, Klass* element_klass, Symbol* name);
-  static ObjArrayKlass* allocate_klass(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, int n, Klass* k, Symbol* name, TRAPS);
+  ObjArrayKlass(int n, Klass* element_klass, Symbol* name, KlassKind kind, ArrayProperties props);
+  static ObjArrayKlass* allocate_klass(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, int n, Klass* k, Symbol* name, ArrayProperties props, TRAPS);
 
-  objArrayOop allocate_instance(int length, TRAPS);
+  ObjArrayKlass* allocate_klass_with_properties(ArrayProperties props, TRAPS);
+  objArrayOop allocate_instance(int length, ArrayProperties props, TRAPS);
 
  protected:
   // Create array_name for element klass
@@ -60,15 +71,18 @@ class ObjArrayKlass : public ArrayKlass {
   // For dummy objects
   ObjArrayKlass() {}
 
-  // Instance variables
   Klass* element_klass() const      { return _element_klass; }
-  void set_element_klass(Klass* k)  { _element_klass = k; }
+
+  ObjArrayKlass* klass_with_properties(ArrayProperties props, TRAPS);
+
+  ObjArrayKlass* next_refined_array_klass() const   { return _next_refined_array_klass; }
+  bool find_refined_array_klass(ObjArrayKlass* k);
 
   // Compiler/Interpreter offset
-  static ByteSize element_klass_offset() { return byte_offset_of(ObjArrayKlass, _element_klass); }
+  static ByteSize element_klass_offset()            { return byte_offset_of(ObjArrayKlass, _element_klass); }
+  static ByteSize next_refined_array_klass_offset() { return byte_offset_of(ObjArrayKlass, _next_refined_array_klass); }
 
   Klass* bottom_klass() const       { return _bottom_klass; }
-  void set_bottom_klass(Klass* k)   { _bottom_klass = k; }
   Klass** bottom_klass_addr()       { return &_bottom_klass; }
 
   ModuleEntry* module() const override;
@@ -93,14 +107,14 @@ class ObjArrayKlass : public ArrayKlass {
   // Compute protection domain
   oop protection_domain() const override { return bottom_klass()->protection_domain(); }
 
-  virtual void metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* iter) override;
+  void metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* iter) override;
+
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+  void remove_unshareable_info() override;
+  void remove_java_mirror() override;
+  void restore_unshareable_info(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, Handle protection_domain, TRAPS);
+#endif
 
- private:
-  // Either oop or narrowOop depending on UseCompressedOops.
-  // must be called from within ObjArrayKlass.cpp
-  void do_copy(arrayOop s, size_t src_offset,
-               arrayOop d, size_t dst_offset,
-               int length, TRAPS);
  public:
   static ObjArrayKlass* cast(Klass* k) {
     return const_cast<ObjArrayKlass*>(cast(const_cast<const Klass*>(k)));
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.inline.hpp
index ee559548529..f159edb6f14 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.inline.hpp
@@ -33,77 +33,43 @@
 #include "oops/klass.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/atomicAccess.hpp"
 #include "utilities/devirtualizer.inline.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 
-template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
-void ObjArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate_elements(objArrayOop a, OopClosureType* closure) {
-  oop_oop_iterate_elements_range<T>(a, closure, 0, a->length());
+inline ObjArrayKlass* ObjArrayKlass::next_refined_array_klass_acquire() const {
+  return AtomicAccess::load_acquire(&_next_refined_array_klass);
 }
 
-// Like oop_oop_iterate but only iterates over a specified range and only used
-// for objArrayOops.
-template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
-void ObjArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate_elements_range(objArrayOop a, OopClosureType* closure, int start, int end) {
-  T* base        = (T*)a->base();
-  T* p           = base + start;
-  T* const end_p = base + end;
+inline void ObjArrayKlass::release_set_next_refined_klass(ObjArrayKlass* k) {
+  AtomicAccess::release_store(&_next_refined_array_klass, k);
+}
 
-  for (;p < end_p; ++p) {
-    Devirtualizer::do_oop(closure, p);
-  }
+template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
+void ObjArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate_elements(objArrayOop a, OopClosureType* closure) {
+  ShouldNotReachHere();
 }
 
 template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
 void ObjArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate_elements_bounded(
     objArrayOop a, OopClosureType* closure, void* low, void* high) {
+  ShouldNotReachHere();
 
-  T* const l = (T*)low;
-  T* const h = (T*)high;
-
-  T* p   = (T*)a->base();
-  T* end = p + a->length();
-
-  if (p < l) {
-    p = l;
-  }
-  if (end > h) {
-    end = h;
-  }
-
-  for (;p < end; ++p) {
-    Devirtualizer::do_oop(closure, p);
-  }
 }
 
 template <typename T, typename OopClosureType>
 void ObjArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate(oop obj, OopClosureType* closure) {
-  assert(obj->is_array(), "obj must be array");
-  objArrayOop a = objArrayOop(obj);
-
-  if (Devirtualizer::do_metadata(closure)) {
-    Devirtualizer::do_klass(closure, obj->klass());
-  }
-
-  oop_oop_iterate_elements<T>(a, closure);
+  ShouldNotReachHere();
 }
 
 template <typename T, typename OopClosureType>
 void ObjArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate_reverse(oop obj, OopClosureType* closure) {
-  // No reverse implementation ATM.
-  oop_oop_iterate<T>(obj, closure);
+  ShouldNotReachHere();
 }
 
 template <typename T, typename OopClosureType>
 void ObjArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate_bounded(oop obj, OopClosureType* closure, MemRegion mr) {
-  assert(obj->is_array(), "obj must be array");
-  objArrayOop a  = objArrayOop(obj);
-
-  if (Devirtualizer::do_metadata(closure)) {
-    Devirtualizer::do_klass(closure, a->klass());
-  }
-
-  oop_oop_iterate_elements_bounded<T>(a, closure, mr.start(), mr.end());
+  ShouldNotReachHere();
 }
 
 #endif // SHARE_OOPS_OBJARRAYKLASS_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayOop.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayOop.cpp
index 363f6710da8..d2a1eaf17ac 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayOop.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayOop.cpp
@@ -22,21 +22,10 @@
  *
  */
 
-#include "oops/access.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
-#include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/objArrayOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 
-oop objArrayOopDesc::replace_if_null(int index, oop exchange_value) {
-  ptrdiff_t offs;
-  if (UseCompressedOops) {
-    offs = objArrayOopDesc::obj_at_offset<narrowOop>(index);
-  } else {
-    offs = objArrayOopDesc::obj_at_offset<oop>(index);
-  }
-  return HeapAccess<IS_ARRAY>::oop_atomic_cmpxchg_at(as_oop(), offs, (oop)nullptr, exchange_value);
-}
-
 Klass* objArrayOopDesc::element_klass() {
   return ObjArrayKlass::cast(klass())->element_klass();
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayOop.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayOop.hpp
index 0af059efccf..2f0d8461082 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayOop.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayOop.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ class objArrayOopDesc : public arrayOopDesc {
   friend class Continuation;
   template <typename T>
   friend class RawOopWriter;
-  friend class AOTMapLogger;
 
   template <class T> T* obj_at_addr(int index) const;
 
@@ -62,27 +61,20 @@ class objArrayOopDesc : public arrayOopDesc {
   HeapWord* base() const;
 
   // Accessing
-  oop obj_at(int index) const;
 
-  void obj_at_put(int index, oop value);
-
-  oop replace_if_null(int index, oop exchange_value);
-
-  // Sizing
-  size_t object_size()        { return object_size(length()); }
+  // Accessing an object array element may have to allocate in case of a
+  // flattened value. To access an object array element without allocating the
+  // caller must first type check the oop and ensure that it is a refArray.
+  [[deprecated("Type check and cast to refArrayOop to use the non-allocating obj_at")]]
+  oop obj_at(int index) const = delete;
+  oop obj_at(int index, TRAPS) const;
+  bool obj_at_is_null(int index) const;
 
-  static size_t object_size(int length) {
-    // This returns the object size in HeapWords.
-    size_t asz = (size_t)length * heapOopSize;
-    size_t size_words = heap_word_size(base_offset_in_bytes() + asz);
-    size_t osz = align_object_size(size_words);
-    assert(osz < max_jint, "no overflow");
-    return osz;
-  }
+  void obj_at_put(int index, oop value);
+  void obj_at_put(int index, oop value, TRAPS);
 
   Klass* element_klass();
 
-public:
   // Special iterators for an element index range.
   template <typename OopClosureType>
   void oop_iterate_elements_range(OopClosureType* blk, int start, int end);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp
index 63295a1459d..994ccf0cf51 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2020, and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,8 +29,10 @@
 
 #include "oops/access.hpp"
 #include "oops/arrayOop.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/refArrayKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/globals.hpp"
 
 inline HeapWord* objArrayOopDesc::base() const { return (HeapWord*) arrayOopDesc::base(T_OBJECT); }
@@ -40,24 +42,48 @@ template <class T> T* objArrayOopDesc::obj_at_addr(int index) const {
   return &((T*)base())[index];
 }
 
-inline oop objArrayOopDesc::obj_at(int index) const {
+inline oop objArrayOopDesc::obj_at(int index, TRAPS) const {
   assert(is_within_bounds(index), "index %d out of bounds %d", index, length());
-  ptrdiff_t offset = UseCompressedOops ? obj_at_offset<narrowOop>(index) : obj_at_offset<oop>(index);
-  return HeapAccess<IS_ARRAY>::oop_load_at(as_oop(), offset);
+  if (is_flatArray()) {
+    return ((const flatArrayOopDesc*)this)->obj_at(index, CHECK_NULL);
+  } else {
+    return ((const refArrayOopDesc*)this)->obj_at(index);
+  }
+}
+
+inline bool objArrayOopDesc::obj_at_is_null(int index) const {
+  assert(is_within_bounds(index), "index %d out of bounds %d", index, length());
+  if (is_flatArray()) {
+    return ((const flatArrayOopDesc*)this)->obj_at_is_null(index);
+  } else {
+    return ((const refArrayOopDesc*)this)->obj_at(index) == nullptr;
+  }
 }
 
 inline void objArrayOopDesc::obj_at_put(int index, oop value) {
   assert(is_within_bounds(index), "index %d out of bounds %d", index, length());
-  ptrdiff_t offset = UseCompressedOops ? obj_at_offset<narrowOop>(index) : obj_at_offset<oop>(index);
-  HeapAccess<IS_ARRAY>::oop_store_at(as_oop(), offset, value);
+  if (is_flatArray()) {
+    ((flatArrayOopDesc*)this)->obj_at_put(index, value);
+  } else {
+    ((refArrayOopDesc*)this)->obj_at_put(index, value);
+  }
+}
+
+inline void objArrayOopDesc::obj_at_put(int index, oop value, TRAPS) {
+  assert(is_within_bounds(index), "index %d out of bounds %d", index, length());
+  if (is_flatArray()) {
+    ((flatArrayOopDesc*)this)->obj_at_put(index, value, CHECK);
+  } else {
+    ((refArrayOopDesc*)this)->obj_at_put(index, value, CHECK);
+  }
 }
 
 template <typename OopClosureType>
 void objArrayOopDesc::oop_iterate_elements_range(OopClosureType* blk, int start, int end) {
-  if (UseCompressedOops) {
-    ((ObjArrayKlass*)klass())->oop_oop_iterate_elements_range<narrowOop>(this, blk, start, end);
+  if (is_flatArray()) {
+    ((flatArrayOopDesc*)this)->oop_iterate_elements_range(blk, start, end);
   } else {
-    ((ObjArrayKlass*)klass())->oop_oop_iterate_elements_range<oop>(this, blk, start, end);
+    ((refArrayOopDesc*)this)->oop_iterate_elements_range(blk, start, end);
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/oop.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/oop.cpp
index 415732af4f6..a9900bf1509 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/oop.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/oop.cpp
@@ -142,12 +142,14 @@ void VerifyOopClosure::do_oop(oop* p)       { VerifyOopClosure::do_oop_work(p);
 void VerifyOopClosure::do_oop(narrowOop* p) { VerifyOopClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
 
 // type test operations that doesn't require inclusion of oop.inline.hpp.
-bool oopDesc::is_instance_noinline()    const { return is_instance();    }
-bool oopDesc::is_instanceRef_noinline() const { return is_instanceRef(); }
-bool oopDesc::is_stackChunk_noinline()  const { return is_stackChunk();  }
-bool oopDesc::is_array_noinline()       const { return is_array();       }
-bool oopDesc::is_objArray_noinline()    const { return is_objArray();    }
-bool oopDesc::is_typeArray_noinline()   const { return is_typeArray();   }
+bool oopDesc::is_instance_noinline()        const { return is_instance();         }
+bool oopDesc::is_instanceRef_noinline()     const { return is_instanceRef();      }
+bool oopDesc::is_stackChunk_noinline()      const { return is_stackChunk();       }
+bool oopDesc::is_array_noinline()           const { return is_array();            }
+bool oopDesc::is_objArray_noinline()        const { return is_objArray();         }
+bool oopDesc::is_refArray_noinline()        const { return is_refArray();         }
+bool oopDesc::is_typeArray_noinline()       const { return is_typeArray();        }
+bool oopDesc::is_flatArray_noinline()       const { return is_flatArray();        }
 
 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 void oopDesc::set_narrow_klass(narrowKlass nk) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/oop.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/oop.hpp
index f89c4403410..831250b81a4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/oop.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/oop.hpp
@@ -116,20 +116,29 @@ class oopDesc {
   inline size_t size_given_klass(Klass* klass);
 
   // type test operations (inlined in oop.inline.hpp)
-  inline bool is_instance()    const;
-  inline bool is_instanceRef() const;
-  inline bool is_stackChunk()  const;
-  inline bool is_array()       const;
-  inline bool is_objArray()    const;
-  inline bool is_typeArray()   const;
+  inline bool is_instance()         const;
+  inline bool is_inline()           const;
+  inline bool is_instanceRef()      const;
+  inline bool is_stackChunk()       const;
+  inline bool is_array()            const;
+  inline bool is_objArray()         const;
+  inline bool is_typeArray()        const;
+  inline bool is_flatArray()        const;
+  inline bool is_refArray()         const;
+  inline bool is_refined_objArray() const;
+  inline bool is_array_with_oops()  const;
+
+  inline bool is_inline_type()      const;
 
   // type test operations that don't require inclusion of oop.inline.hpp.
-  bool is_instance_noinline()    const;
-  bool is_instanceRef_noinline() const;
-  bool is_stackChunk_noinline()  const;
-  bool is_array_noinline()       const;
-  bool is_objArray_noinline()    const;
-  bool is_typeArray_noinline()   const;
+  bool is_instance_noinline()         const;
+  bool is_instanceRef_noinline()      const;
+  bool is_stackChunk_noinline()       const;
+  bool is_array_noinline()            const;
+  bool is_objArray_noinline()         const;
+  bool is_refArray_noinline()         const;
+  bool is_typeArray_noinline()        const;
+  bool is_flatArray_noinline()        const;
 
  protected:
   inline oop        as_oop() const { return const_cast<oopDesc*>(this); }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/oop.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/oop.inline.hpp
index 066ba7a8e20..fb536b923c4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/oop.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/oop.inline.hpp
@@ -33,10 +33,12 @@
 #include "oops/arrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/arrayOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/compressedKlass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/markWord.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objLayout.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/atomicAccess.hpp"
 #include "runtime/globals.hpp"
 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
@@ -83,7 +85,7 @@ markWord oopDesc::cas_set_mark(markWord new_mark, markWord old_mark, atomic_memo
 }
 
 markWord oopDesc::prototype_mark() const {
-  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders || Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
     return klass()->prototype_header();
   } else {
     return markWord::prototype();
@@ -207,12 +209,27 @@ size_t oopDesc::size_given_klass(Klass* klass)  {
   return s;
 }
 
-bool oopDesc::is_instance()    const { return klass()->is_instance_klass();             }
-bool oopDesc::is_instanceRef() const { return klass()->is_reference_instance_klass();   }
-bool oopDesc::is_stackChunk()  const { return klass()->is_stack_chunk_instance_klass(); }
-bool oopDesc::is_array()       const { return klass()->is_array_klass();                }
-bool oopDesc::is_objArray()    const { return klass()->is_objArray_klass();             }
-bool oopDesc::is_typeArray()   const { return klass()->is_typeArray_klass();            }
+bool oopDesc::is_instance()         const { return klass()->is_instance_klass();             }
+bool oopDesc::is_inline()           const { return klass()->is_inline_klass();               }
+bool oopDesc::is_instanceRef()      const { return klass()->is_reference_instance_klass();   }
+bool oopDesc::is_stackChunk()       const { return klass()->is_stack_chunk_instance_klass(); }
+bool oopDesc::is_array()            const { return klass()->is_array_klass();                }
+bool oopDesc::is_objArray()         const { return klass()->is_objArray_klass();             }
+bool oopDesc::is_refArray()         const { return klass()->is_refArray_klass();             }
+bool oopDesc::is_typeArray()        const { return klass()->is_typeArray_klass();            }
+bool oopDesc::is_refined_objArray() const { return klass()->is_refined_objArray_klass();     }
+bool oopDesc::is_flatArray()        const { return klass()->is_flatArray_klass();            }
+
+bool oopDesc::is_array_with_oops() const {
+  if (!is_objArray()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  assert(is_refined_objArray(), "Must be");
+  return is_refArray() || FlatArrayKlass::cast(klass())->contains_oops();
+}
+
+bool oopDesc::is_inline_type() const { return mark().is_inline_type(); }
 
 template<typename T>
 T*       oopDesc::field_addr(int offset)     const { return reinterpret_cast<T*>(cast_from_oop<intptr_t>(as_oop()) + offset); }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/oopCast.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/oopCast.inline.hpp
index ecc0f1c173d..5a6b1ae4bb6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/oopCast.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/oopCast.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -39,6 +39,10 @@ inline bool is_oop_type<arrayOop>(oop theOop) { return theOop->is_array(); }
 template<>
 inline bool is_oop_type<objArrayOop>(oop theOop) { return theOop->is_objArray(); }
 template<>
+inline bool is_oop_type<refArrayOop>(oop theOop) { return theOop->is_refArray(); }
+template<>
+inline bool is_oop_type<flatArrayOop>(oop theOop) { return theOop->is_flatArray(); }
+template<>
 inline bool is_oop_type<typeArrayOop>(oop theOop) { return theOop->is_typeArray(); }
 
 template<typename R>
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp
index 2e346883041..03c6850f00b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp
@@ -42,9 +42,12 @@ typedef void* OopOrNarrowOopStar;
 
 typedef class oopDesc*                    oop;
 typedef class   instanceOopDesc*            instanceOop;
+typedef class     inlineOopDesc*              inlineOop;
 typedef class     stackChunkOopDesc*          stackChunkOop;
 typedef class   arrayOopDesc*               arrayOop;
 typedef class     objArrayOopDesc*            objArrayOop;
+typedef class       flatArrayOopDesc*           flatArrayOop;
+typedef class       refArrayOopDesc*            refArrayOop;
 typedef class     typeArrayOopDesc*           typeArrayOop;
 
 #else
@@ -150,10 +153,13 @@ struct PrimitiveConversions::Translate<oop> : public std::true_type {
    };
 
 DEF_OOP(instance);
+DEF_OOP(inline);
 DEF_OOP(stackChunk);
 DEF_OOP(array);
 DEF_OOP(objArray);
 DEF_OOP(typeArray);
+DEF_OOP(flatArray);
+DEF_OOP(refArray);
 
 #endif // CHECK_UNHANDLED_OOPS
 
@@ -183,12 +189,15 @@ class   ConstantPool;
 
 class Klass;
 class   InstanceKlass;
+class     InlineKlass;
 class     InstanceMirrorKlass;
 class     InstanceClassLoaderKlass;
 class     InstanceRefKlass;
 class     InstanceStackChunkKlass;
 class   ArrayKlass;
 class     ObjArrayKlass;
+class       FlatArrayKlass;
+class       RefArrayKlass;
 class     TypeArrayKlass;
 
 #endif // SHARE_OOPS_OOPSHIERARCHY_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..698670273c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,383 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
+#include "classfile/packageEntry.hpp"
+#include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
+#include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
+#include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
+#include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
+#include "memory/iterator.inline.hpp"
+#include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
+#include "memory/metaspaceClosure.hpp"
+#include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
+#include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
+#include "memory/universe.hpp"
+#include "oops/arrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/markWord.hpp"
+#include "oops/objArrayKlass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/refArrayKlass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/refArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/symbol.hpp"
+#include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/mutexLocker.hpp"
+#include "utilities/macros.hpp"
+
+RefArrayKlass *RefArrayKlass::allocate_klass(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, int n,
+                                             Klass* k, Symbol *name, ArrayProperties props,
+                                             TRAPS) {
+  assert(RefArrayKlass::header_size() <= InstanceKlass::header_size(),
+         "array klasses must be same size as InstanceKlass");
+
+  int size = ArrayKlass::static_size(RefArrayKlass::header_size());
+
+  return new (loader_data, size, THREAD) RefArrayKlass(n, k, name, props);
+}
+
+RefArrayKlass* RefArrayKlass::allocate_refArray_klass(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, int n,
+                                                      Klass* element_klass, ArrayProperties props,
+                                                      TRAPS) {
+  assert(!props.is_null_restricted() || (n == 1 && element_klass->is_inline_klass()),
+         "null-free unsupported");
+
+  // Eagerly allocate the direct array supertype.
+  Klass* super_klass = nullptr;
+  if (!Universe::is_bootstrapping() || vmClasses::Object_klass_is_loaded()) {
+    assert(MultiArray_lock->holds_lock(THREAD),
+           "must hold lock after bootstrapping");
+    super_klass = element_klass->array_klass(CHECK_NULL);
+  }
+
+  // Create type name for klass.
+  Symbol* name = create_element_klass_array_name(THREAD, element_klass);
+
+  // Initialize instance variables
+  RefArrayKlass* oak = RefArrayKlass::allocate_klass(loader_data, n, element_klass,
+                                                     name, props, CHECK_NULL);
+
+  ModuleEntry* module = oak->module();
+  assert(module != nullptr, "No module entry for array");
+
+  // Call complete_create_array_klass after all instance variables have been
+  // initialized.
+  ArrayKlass::complete_create_array_klass(oak, super_klass, module, CHECK_NULL);
+
+  // Add all classes to our internal class loader list here,
+  // including classes in the bootstrap (null) class loader.
+  // Do this step after creating the mirror so that if the
+  // mirror creation fails, loaded_classes_do() doesn't find
+  // an array class without a mirror.
+  loader_data->add_class(oak);
+
+  return oak;
+}
+
+RefArrayKlass::RefArrayKlass(int n, Klass* element_klass, Symbol* name,
+                             ArrayProperties props)
+    : ObjArrayKlass(n, element_klass, name, Kind, props) {
+  assert(is_refArray_klass(), "sanity");
+}
+
+size_t RefArrayKlass::oop_size(oop obj) const {
+  // In this assert, we cannot safely access the Klass* with compact headers,
+  // because size_given_klass() calls oop_size() on objects that might be
+  // concurrently forwarded, which would overwrite the Klass*.
+  assert(UseCompactObjectHeaders || obj->is_refArray(), "must be a reference array");
+  return refArrayOop(obj)->object_size();
+}
+
+refArrayOop RefArrayKlass::allocate_instance(int length, TRAPS) {
+  check_array_allocation_length(length, arrayOopDesc::max_array_length(T_OBJECT), CHECK_NULL);
+  size_t size = refArrayOopDesc::object_size(length);
+  oop array = Universe::heap()->array_allocate(
+      this, size, length, /* do_zero */ true, CHECK_NULL);
+  return oop_cast<refArrayOop>(array);
+}
+
+static void throw_array_null_pointer_store_exception(arrayOop src, arrayOop dst, TRAPS) {
+  ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+  Klass* bound = ObjArrayKlass::cast(dst->klass())->element_klass();
+  stringStream ss;
+  ss.print("arraycopy: can not copy null values into %s[]",
+           bound->external_name());
+  THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), ss.as_string());
+}
+
+static void throw_array_store_exception(arrayOop src, arrayOop dst, TRAPS) {
+  ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+  Klass* bound = ObjArrayKlass::cast(dst->klass())->element_klass();
+  Klass* stype = ObjArrayKlass::cast(src->klass())->element_klass();
+  stringStream ss;
+  if (!bound->is_subtype_of(stype)) {
+    ss.print("arraycopy: type mismatch: can not copy %s[] into %s[]",
+             stype->external_name(), bound->external_name());
+  } else {
+    // oop_arraycopy should return the index in the source array that
+    // contains the problematic oop.
+    ss.print("arraycopy: element type mismatch: can not cast one of the elements"
+             " of %s[] to the type of the destination array, %s",
+             stype->external_name(), bound->external_name());
+  }
+  THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException(), ss.as_string());
+}
+
+// Either oop or narrowOop depending on UseCompressedOops.
+void RefArrayKlass::do_copy(arrayOop s, size_t src_offset, arrayOop d,
+                            size_t dst_offset, int length, TRAPS) {
+  if (s == d) {
+    // since source and destination are equal we do not need conversion checks.
+    assert(length > 0, "sanity check");
+    OopCopyResult result = ArrayAccess<>::oop_arraycopy(s, src_offset, d, dst_offset, length);
+    assert(result == OopCopyResult::ok, "Should never fail");
+  } else {
+    // Perform null check if dst is null-free but src has no such guarantee
+    bool null_check = ((!s->klass()->is_null_free_array_klass()) &&
+                       d->klass()->is_null_free_array_klass());
+    // We have to make sure all elements conform to the destination array
+    Klass *bound = RefArrayKlass::cast(d->klass())->element_klass();
+    Klass *stype = RefArrayKlass::cast(s->klass())->element_klass();
+    bool type_check = stype != bound && !stype->is_subtype_of(bound);
+
+    auto arraycopy = [&] {
+      if (type_check) {
+        if (null_check) {
+          return ArrayAccess<ARRAYCOPY_DISJOINT | ARRAYCOPY_CHECKCAST | ARRAYCOPY_NOTNULL>::
+              oop_arraycopy(s, src_offset, d, dst_offset, length);
+        } else {
+          return ArrayAccess<ARRAYCOPY_DISJOINT | ARRAYCOPY_CHECKCAST>::
+              oop_arraycopy(s, src_offset, d, dst_offset, length);
+        }
+      } else {
+        if (null_check) {
+          return ArrayAccess<ARRAYCOPY_DISJOINT | ARRAYCOPY_NOTNULL>::
+              oop_arraycopy(s, src_offset, d, dst_offset, length);
+        } else {
+          return ArrayAccess<ARRAYCOPY_DISJOINT>::
+              oop_arraycopy(s, src_offset, d, dst_offset, length);
+        }
+      }
+    };
+
+    OopCopyResult result = arraycopy();
+
+    switch (result) {
+    case OopCopyResult::ok:
+      // Done
+      break;
+    case OopCopyResult::failed_check_class_cast:
+      throw_array_store_exception(s, d, JavaThread::current());
+      break;
+    case OopCopyResult::failed_check_null:
+      throw_array_null_pointer_store_exception(s, d, JavaThread::current());
+      break;
+    default:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void RefArrayKlass::copy_array(arrayOop s, int src_pos, arrayOop d, int dst_pos,
+                               int length, TRAPS) {
+  assert(s->is_refArray(), "must be a reference array");
+
+  if (UseArrayFlattening && d->is_flatArray()) {
+    FlatArrayKlass::cast(d->klass())->copy_array(s, src_pos, d, dst_pos, length, THREAD);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (!d->is_refArray()) {
+    ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+    stringStream ss;
+    if (d->is_typeArray()) {
+      ss.print(
+          "arraycopy: type mismatch: can not copy object array[] into %s[]",
+          type2name_tab[ArrayKlass::cast(d->klass())->element_type()]);
+    } else {
+      ss.print("arraycopy: destination type %s is not an array",
+               d->klass()->external_name());
+    }
+    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException(), ss.as_string());
+  }
+
+  // Check if all offsets and lengths are non negative
+  if (src_pos < 0 || dst_pos < 0 || length < 0) {
+    // Pass specific exception reason.
+    ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+    stringStream ss;
+    if (src_pos < 0) {
+      ss.print("arraycopy: source index %d out of bounds for object array[%d]",
+               src_pos, s->length());
+    } else if (dst_pos < 0) {
+      ss.print(
+          "arraycopy: destination index %d out of bounds for object array[%d]",
+          dst_pos, d->length());
+    } else {
+      ss.print("arraycopy: length %d is negative", length);
+    }
+    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(),
+              ss.as_string());
+  }
+
+  // Check if the ranges are valid
+  if ((((unsigned int)length + (unsigned int)src_pos) >
+       (unsigned int)s->length()) ||
+      (((unsigned int)length + (unsigned int)dst_pos) >
+       (unsigned int)d->length())) {
+    // Pass specific exception reason.
+    ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+    stringStream ss;
+    if (((unsigned int)length + (unsigned int)src_pos) >
+        (unsigned int)s->length()) {
+      ss.print(
+          "arraycopy: last source index %u out of bounds for object array[%d]",
+          (unsigned int)length + (unsigned int)src_pos, s->length());
+    } else {
+      ss.print("arraycopy: last destination index %u out of bounds for object "
+               "array[%d]",
+               (unsigned int)length + (unsigned int)dst_pos, d->length());
+    }
+    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(),
+              ss.as_string());
+  }
+
+  // Special case. Boundary cases must be checked first
+  // This allows the following call: copy_array(s, s.length(), d.length(), 0).
+  // This is correct, since the position is supposed to be an 'in between
+  // point', i.e., s.length(), points to the right of the last element.
+  if (length == 0) {
+    return;
+  }
+  if (UseCompressedOops) {
+    size_t src_offset =
+        (size_t)refArrayOopDesc::obj_at_offset<narrowOop>(src_pos);
+    size_t dst_offset =
+        (size_t)refArrayOopDesc::obj_at_offset<narrowOop>(dst_pos);
+    assert(arrayOopDesc::obj_offset_to_raw<narrowOop>(s, src_offset, nullptr) ==
+               refArrayOop(s)->obj_at_addr<narrowOop>(src_pos),
+           "sanity");
+    assert(arrayOopDesc::obj_offset_to_raw<narrowOop>(d, dst_offset, nullptr) ==
+               refArrayOop(d)->obj_at_addr<narrowOop>(dst_pos),
+           "sanity");
+    do_copy(s, src_offset, d, dst_offset, length, CHECK);
+  } else {
+    size_t src_offset = (size_t)refArrayOopDesc::obj_at_offset<oop>(src_pos);
+    size_t dst_offset = (size_t)refArrayOopDesc::obj_at_offset<oop>(dst_pos);
+    assert(arrayOopDesc::obj_offset_to_raw<oop>(s, src_offset, nullptr) ==
+               refArrayOop(s)->obj_at_addr<oop>(src_pos),
+           "sanity");
+    assert(arrayOopDesc::obj_offset_to_raw<oop>(d, dst_offset, nullptr) ==
+               refArrayOop(d)->obj_at_addr<oop>(dst_pos),
+           "sanity");
+    do_copy(s, src_offset, d, dst_offset, length, CHECK);
+  }
+}
+
+void RefArrayKlass::initialize(TRAPS) {
+  bottom_klass()->initialize(THREAD); // dispatches to either InstanceKlass or TypeArrayKlass
+}
+
+void RefArrayKlass::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure *it) {
+  ObjArrayKlass::metaspace_pointers_do(it);
+}
+
+// Printing
+
+void RefArrayKlass::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+  Klass::print_on(st);
+  st->print(" - element klass: ");
+  element_klass()->print_value_on(st);
+  st->cr();
+#endif // PRODUCT
+}
+
+void RefArrayKlass::print_value_on(outputStream* st) const {
+  assert(is_klass(), "must be klass");
+
+  element_klass()->print_value_on(st);
+  st->print("[]");
+}
+
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+
+void RefArrayKlass::oop_print_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) {
+  ArrayKlass::oop_print_on(obj, st);
+  assert(obj->is_refArray(), "must be refArray");
+  refArrayOop oa = refArrayOop(obj);
+  int print_len = MIN2(oa->length(), MaxElementPrintSize);
+  for (int index = 0; index < print_len; index++) {
+    st->print(" - %3d : ", index);
+    if (oa->obj_at(index) != nullptr) {
+      oa->obj_at(index)->print_value_on(st);
+      st->cr();
+    } else {
+      st->print_cr("null");
+    }
+  }
+  int remaining = oa->length() - print_len;
+  if (remaining > 0) {
+    st->print_cr(" - <%d more elements, increase MaxElementPrintSize to print>",
+                 remaining);
+  }
+}
+
+#endif // PRODUCT
+
+void RefArrayKlass::oop_print_value_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) {
+  assert(obj->is_refArray(), "must be refArray");
+  st->print("a ");
+  element_klass()->print_value_on(st);
+  int len = refArrayOop(obj)->length();
+  st->print("[%d] ", len);
+  if (obj != nullptr) {
+    obj->print_address_on(st);
+  } else {
+    st->print_cr("null");
+  }
+}
+
+// Verification
+
+void RefArrayKlass::verify_on(outputStream* st) {
+  ArrayKlass::verify_on(st);
+  guarantee(element_klass()->is_klass(), "should be klass");
+  guarantee(bottom_klass()->is_klass(), "should be klass");
+  Klass *bk = bottom_klass();
+  guarantee(bk->is_instance_klass() || bk->is_typeArray_klass(),
+            "invalid bottom klass");
+}
+
+void RefArrayKlass::oop_verify_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) {
+  ObjArrayKlass::oop_verify_on(obj, st);
+  guarantee(obj->is_refArray(), "must be refArray");
+
+  refArrayOop oa = refArrayOop(obj);
+  for (int index = 0; index < oa->length(); index++) {
+    guarantee(oopDesc::is_oop_or_null(oa->obj_at(index)), "should be oop");
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ebc6e858503
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_OOPS_REFARRAYKLASS_HPP
+#define SHARE_OOPS_REFARRAYKLASS_HPP
+
+#include "oops/arrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "utilities/macros.hpp"
+
+class ClassLoaderData;
+
+// RefArrayKlass is the klass for arrays of references
+
+class RefArrayKlass : public ObjArrayKlass {
+  friend class Deoptimization;
+  friend class oopFactory;
+  friend class VMStructs;
+
+ public:
+  static const KlassKind Kind = RefArrayKlassKind;
+
+ private:
+  // Constructor
+  RefArrayKlass(int n, Klass* element_klass, Symbol* name, ArrayProperties props);
+  static RefArrayKlass* allocate_klass(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, int n, Klass* k, Symbol* name,
+                                       ArrayProperties props, TRAPS);
+
+ public:
+  // For dummy objects
+  RefArrayKlass() {}
+
+  // Dispatched operation
+  DEBUG_ONLY(bool is_refArray_klass_slow() const override { return true; })
+  size_t oop_size(oop obj) const override;
+
+  // Allocation
+  static RefArrayKlass* allocate_refArray_klass(ClassLoaderData* loader_data,
+                                                int n, Klass* element_klass,
+                                                ArrayProperties props, TRAPS);
+
+  refArrayOop allocate_instance(int length, TRAPS);
+
+  // Copying
+  void copy_array(arrayOop s, int src_pos, arrayOop d, int dst_pos, int length, TRAPS) override;
+
+  void metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* iter) override;
+
+ private:
+  // Either oop or narrowOop depending on UseCompressedOops.
+  // must be called from within ObjArrayKlass.cpp
+  void do_copy(arrayOop s, size_t src_offset,
+               arrayOop d, size_t dst_offset,
+               int length, TRAPS);
+
+ public:
+  static RefArrayKlass *cast(Klass* k) {
+    assert(k->is_refArray_klass(), "cast to RefArrayKlass");
+    return const_cast<RefArrayKlass *>(cast(const_cast<const Klass *>(k)));
+  }
+
+  static const RefArrayKlass *cast(const Klass* k) {
+    assert(k->is_refArray_klass(), "cast to RefArrayKlass");
+    return static_cast<const RefArrayKlass *>(k);
+  }
+
+  // Sizing
+  static int header_size() { return sizeof(RefArrayKlass) / wordSize; }
+  int size() const override { return ArrayKlass::static_size(header_size()); }
+
+  // Initialization (virtual from Klass)
+  void initialize(TRAPS) override;
+
+  // Oop fields (and metadata) iterators
+  //
+  // The RefArrayKlass iterators also visits the Object's klass.
+
+  // Iterate over oop elements and metadata.
+  template <typename T, typename OopClosureType>
+  inline void oop_oop_iterate(oop obj, OopClosureType* closure);
+
+  // Iterate over oop elements and metadata.
+  template <typename T, typename OopClosureType>
+  inline void oop_oop_iterate_reverse(oop obj, OopClosureType* closure);
+
+  // Iterate over oop elements within mr, and metadata.
+  template <typename T, typename OopClosureType>
+  inline void oop_oop_iterate_bounded(oop obj, OopClosureType* closure, MemRegion mr);
+
+  // Iterate over all oop elements, and no metadata.
+  template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
+  inline void oop_oop_iterate_elements(refArrayOop a, OopClosureType* closure);
+
+  // Iterate over oop elements within index range [start, end), and no metadata.
+  template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
+  inline void oop_oop_iterate_elements_range(refArrayOop a, OopClosureType* closure, int start, int end);
+
+ private:
+  // Iterate over all oop elements bounded by addresses [low, high), and no metadata.
+  template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
+  inline void oop_oop_iterate_elements_bounded(refArrayOop a, OopClosureType* closure, void* low, void* high);
+
+ public:
+  // Printing
+  void print_on(outputStream* st) const override;
+  void print_value_on(outputStream* st) const override;
+
+  void oop_print_value_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) override;
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+  void oop_print_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) override;
+#endif // PRODUCT
+
+  // Verification
+  void verify_on(outputStream* st) override;
+
+  void oop_verify_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) override;
+};
+
+#endif // SHARE_OOPS_REFARRAYKLASS_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.inline.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..28f00210318
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.inline.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_OOPS_REFARRAYKLASS_INLINE_HPP
+#define SHARE_OOPS_REFARRAYKLASS_INLINE_HPP
+
+#include "oops/refArrayKlass.hpp"
+
+#include "memory/memRegion.hpp"
+#include "oops/arrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/arrayOop.hpp"
+#include "oops/klass.hpp"
+#include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/refArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "utilities/devirtualizer.inline.hpp"
+#include "utilities/macros.hpp"
+
+template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
+void RefArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate_elements(refArrayOop a,
+                                             OopClosureType *closure) {
+  oop_oop_iterate_elements_range<T>(a, closure, 0, a->length());
+}
+
+// Like oop_oop_iterate but only iterates over a specified range and only used
+// for refArrayOops.
+template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
+void RefArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate_elements_range(refArrayOop a, OopClosureType* closure, int start, int end) {
+  T* base        = (T*)a->base();
+  T* p           = base + start;
+  T* const end_p = base + end;
+
+  assert(a->klass()->is_refArray_klass(), "must be refArray");
+  for (;p < end_p; ++p) {
+    Devirtualizer::do_oop(closure, p);
+  }
+}
+
+
+template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
+void RefArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate_elements_bounded(refArrayOop a,
+                                                     OopClosureType *closure,
+                                                     void *low, void *high) {
+
+  T *const l = (T *)low;
+  T *const h = (T *)high;
+
+  T *p = (T *)a->base();
+  T *end = p + a->length();
+
+  if (p < l) {
+    p = l;
+  }
+  if (end > h) {
+    end = h;
+  }
+
+  for (; p < end; ++p) {
+    Devirtualizer::do_oop(closure, p);
+  }
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename OopClosureType>
+void RefArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate(oop obj, OopClosureType *closure) {
+  assert(obj->is_array(), "obj must be array");
+  refArrayOop a = refArrayOop(obj);
+
+  if (Devirtualizer::do_metadata(closure)) {
+    Devirtualizer::do_klass(closure, obj->klass());
+  }
+
+  oop_oop_iterate_elements<T>(a, closure);
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename OopClosureType>
+void RefArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate_reverse(oop obj, OopClosureType *closure) {
+  // No reverse implementation ATM.
+  oop_oop_iterate<T>(obj, closure);
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename OopClosureType>
+void RefArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate_bounded(oop obj, OopClosureType *closure,
+                                            MemRegion mr) {
+  assert(obj->is_array(), "obj must be array");
+  refArrayOop a = refArrayOop(obj);
+
+  if (Devirtualizer::do_metadata(closure)) {
+    Devirtualizer::do_klass(closure, a->klass());
+  }
+
+  oop_oop_iterate_elements_bounded<T>(a, closure, mr.start(), mr.end());
+}
+
+#endif // SHARE_OOPS_REFARRAYKLASS_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayOop.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayOop.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..304a7a2544f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayOop.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "oops/access.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/refArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+
+oop refArrayOopDesc::replace_if_null(int index, oop exchange_value) {
+  ptrdiff_t offs;
+  if (UseCompressedOops) {
+    offs = refArrayOopDesc::obj_at_offset<narrowOop>(index);
+  } else {
+    offs = refArrayOopDesc::obj_at_offset<oop>(index);
+  }
+  return HeapAccess<IS_ARRAY>::oop_atomic_cmpxchg_at(as_oop(), offs, (oop)nullptr, exchange_value);
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayOop.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayOop.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d063c034d6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayOop.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_OOPS_REFARRAYOOP_HPP
+#define SHARE_OOPS_REFARRAYOOP_HPP
+
+#include "oops/objArrayOop.hpp"
+#include "utilities/align.hpp"
+
+class RefArrayKlass;
+
+// A refArrayOop is an array containing references (oops).
+// Evaluating "String arg[10]" will create a refArrayOop.
+
+class refArrayOopDesc : public objArrayOopDesc {
+  friend class ArchiveHeapWriter;
+  friend class RefArrayKlass;
+  friend class Runtime1;
+  friend class psPromotionManager;
+  friend class CSetMarkWordClosure;
+  friend class Continuation;
+  template <typename T>
+  friend class RawOopWriter;
+  friend class AOTMapLogger;
+
+  template <class T> T* obj_at_addr(int index) const;
+
+  template <class T>
+  static ptrdiff_t obj_at_offset(int index) {
+    return base_offset_in_bytes() + sizeof(T) * index;
+  }
+
+ public:
+  inline RefArrayKlass* klass() const;
+
+  // Returns the offset of the first element.
+  static int base_offset_in_bytes() {
+    return arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT);
+  }
+
+  // base is the address following the header.
+  inline HeapWord* base() const;
+
+  // Accessing
+  oop obj_at(int index) const;
+
+  void obj_at_put(int index, oop value);
+  void obj_at_put(int index, oop value, TRAPS);
+
+  oop replace_if_null(int index, oop exchange_value);
+
+  // Sizing
+  size_t object_size() { return object_size(length()); }
+
+  static size_t object_size(int length) {
+    // This returns the object size in HeapWords.
+    size_t asz = (size_t)length * heapOopSize;
+    size_t size_words = heap_word_size(base_offset_in_bytes() + asz);
+    size_t osz = align_object_size(size_words);
+    assert(osz < max_jint, "no overflow");
+    return osz;
+  }
+
+  // special iterators for index ranges, returns size of object
+  template <typename OopClosureType>
+  void oop_iterate_elements_range(OopClosureType* blk, int start, int end);
+};
+
+// See similar requirement for oopDesc.
+static_assert(std::is_trivially_default_constructible<refArrayOopDesc>::value, "required");
+
+#endif // SHARE_OOPS_REFARRAYOOP_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayOop.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayOop.inline.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8f75809f5d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayOop.inline.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_OOPS_REFARRAYOOP_INLINE_HPP
+#define SHARE_OOPS_REFARRAYOOP_INLINE_HPP
+
+#include "oops/refArrayOop.hpp"
+
+#include "oops/access.hpp"
+#include "oops/arrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/globals.hpp"
+
+inline RefArrayKlass* refArrayOopDesc::klass() const {
+  Klass* k = oopDesc::klass();
+  return RefArrayKlass::cast(k);
+}
+
+inline HeapWord *refArrayOopDesc::base() const {
+  return (HeapWord *)arrayOopDesc::base(T_OBJECT);
+}
+
+template <class T> T *refArrayOopDesc::obj_at_addr(int index) const {
+  assert(is_within_bounds(index), "index %d out of bounds %d", index, length());
+  return &((T *)base())[index];
+}
+
+inline oop refArrayOopDesc::obj_at(int index) const {
+  assert(is_within_bounds(index), "index %d out of bounds %d", index, length());
+  ptrdiff_t offset = UseCompressedOops ? obj_at_offset<narrowOop>(index)
+                                       : obj_at_offset<oop>(index);
+  return HeapAccess<IS_ARRAY>::oop_load_at(as_oop(), offset);
+}
+
+inline void refArrayOopDesc::obj_at_put(int index, oop value) {
+  assert(is_within_bounds(index), "index %d out of bounds %d", index, length());
+  assert(!is_null_free_array() || value != nullptr, "Trying to write null to a null free array");
+  ptrdiff_t offset = UseCompressedOops ? obj_at_offset<narrowOop>(index)
+                                       : obj_at_offset<oop>(index);
+  HeapAccess<IS_ARRAY>::oop_store_at(as_oop(), offset, value);
+}
+
+inline void refArrayOopDesc::obj_at_put(int index, oop value, TRAPS) {
+  if (is_null_free_array() && value == nullptr) {
+    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), "Cannot store null in a null-restricted array");
+  }
+  obj_at_put(index, value);
+}
+
+template <typename OopClosureType>
+void refArrayOopDesc::oop_iterate_elements_range(OopClosureType* blk, int start, int end) {
+  if (UseCompressedOops) {
+    klass()->oop_oop_iterate_elements_range<narrowOop>(this, blk, start, end);
+  } else {
+    klass()->oop_oop_iterate_elements_range<oop>(this, blk, start, end);
+  }
+}
+
+#endif // SHARE_OOPS_REFARRAYOOP_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/resolvedFieldEntry.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/resolvedFieldEntry.cpp
index 122ecf092d8..2f9fe98daa2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/resolvedFieldEntry.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/resolvedFieldEntry.cpp
@@ -24,8 +24,7 @@
 
 #include "cds/archiveBuilder.hpp"
 #include "cppstdlib/type_traits.hpp"
-#include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
-#include "oops/instanceOop.hpp"
+#include "interpreter/bytecodes.hpp"
 #include "oops/resolvedFieldEntry.hpp"
 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
 #include "utilities/checkedCast.hpp"
@@ -40,7 +39,11 @@ class ResolvedFieldEntryWithExtra : public ResolvedFieldEntry {
 static_assert(sizeof(ResolvedFieldEntryWithExtra) > sizeof(ResolvedFieldEntry));
 
 void ResolvedFieldEntry::fill_in(const fieldDescriptor& info, u1 tos_state, u1 get_code, u1 put_code) {
-  set_flags(info.access_flags().is_final(), info.access_flags().is_volatile());
+  set_flags(info.access_flags().is_volatile(),
+            info.access_flags().is_final(),
+            info.is_flat(),
+            info.is_null_free_inline_type(),
+            info.has_null_marker());
   _field_holder = info.field_holder();
   _field_offset = info.offset();
   _field_index = checked_cast<u2>(info.index());
@@ -66,6 +69,9 @@ void ResolvedFieldEntry::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
   st->print_cr(" - TOS: %s", type2name(as_BasicType((TosState)tos_state())));
   st->print_cr(" - Is Final: %d", is_final());
   st->print_cr(" - Is Volatile: %d", is_volatile());
+  st->print_cr(" - Is Flat: %d", is_flat());
+  st->print_cr(" - Is Null Free Inline Type: %d", is_null_free_inline_type());
+  st->print_cr(" - Has null marker: %d", has_null_marker());
   st->print_cr(" - Get Bytecode: %s", Bytecodes::name((Bytecodes::Code)get_code()));
   st->print_cr(" - Put Bytecode: %s", Bytecodes::name((Bytecodes::Code)put_code()));
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/resolvedFieldEntry.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/resolvedFieldEntry.hpp
index bdd9999dd63..a9153366f3e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/resolvedFieldEntry.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/resolvedFieldEntry.hpp
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class ResolvedFieldEntry {
   u2 _field_index;              // Index into field information in holder InstanceKlass
   u2 _cpool_index;              // Constant pool index
   u1 _tos_state;                // TOS state
-  u1 _flags;                    // Flags: [0000|00|is_final|is_volatile]
+  u1 _flags;                    // Flags: [000|has_null_marker|is_null_free_inline_type|is_flat|is_final|is_volatile]
   u1 _get_code, _put_code;      // Get and Put bytecodes of the field
 #ifdef _LP64
   u4 _padding;
@@ -80,23 +80,28 @@ class ResolvedFieldEntry {
     ResolvedFieldEntry(0) {}
 
   // Bit shift to get flags
-  // Note: Only two flags exists at the moment but more could be added
   enum {
       is_volatile_shift     = 0,
       is_final_shift        = 1, // unused
-      max_flag_shift        = is_final_shift
+      is_flat_shift         = 2,
+      is_null_free_inline_type_shift = 3,
+      has_null_marker_shift = 4,
+      max_flag_shift = has_null_marker_shift
   };
 
   // Getters
-  InstanceKlass* field_holder() const { return _field_holder; }
-  int field_offset()            const { return _field_offset; }
-  u2 field_index()              const { return _field_index;  }
-  u2 constant_pool_index()      const { return _cpool_index;  }
-  u1 tos_state()                const { return _tos_state;    }
-  u1 get_code()                 const { return AtomicAccess::load_acquire(&_get_code);      }
-  u1 put_code()                 const { return AtomicAccess::load_acquire(&_put_code);      }
-  bool is_final()               const { return (_flags & (1 << is_final_shift))    != 0; }
-  bool is_volatile ()           const { return (_flags & (1 << is_volatile_shift)) != 0; }
+  InstanceKlass* field_holder()   const { return _field_holder; }
+  int field_offset()              const { return _field_offset; }
+  u2 field_index()                const { return _field_index;  }
+  u2 constant_pool_index()        const { return _cpool_index;  }
+  u1 tos_state()                  const { return _tos_state;    }
+  u1 get_code()                   const { return AtomicAccess::load_acquire(&_get_code);   }
+  u1 put_code()                   const { return AtomicAccess::load_acquire(&_put_code);   }
+  bool is_volatile ()             const { return (_flags & (1 << is_volatile_shift)) != 0; }
+  bool is_final()                 const { return (_flags & (1 << is_final_shift))    != 0; }
+  bool is_flat()                  const { return (_flags & (1 << is_flat_shift))     != 0; }
+  bool is_null_free_inline_type() const { return (_flags & (1 << is_null_free_inline_type_shift)) != 0; }
+  bool has_null_marker()          const { return (_flags & (1 << has_null_marker_shift)) != 0; }
   bool is_resolved(Bytecodes::Code code) const {
     switch(code) {
     case Bytecodes::_getstatic:
@@ -115,11 +120,23 @@ class ResolvedFieldEntry {
   void print_on(outputStream* st) const;
 
  private:
-  void set_flags(bool is_final_flag, bool is_volatile_flag) {
-    int new_flags = (is_final_flag << is_final_shift) | static_cast<int>(is_volatile_flag);
+  void set_flags(bool is_volatile_flag,
+                 bool is_final_flag,
+                 bool is_flat_flag,
+                 bool is_null_free_inline_type_flag,
+                 bool has_null_marker_flag) {
+    int new_flags =
+        ((is_volatile_flag ? 1 : 0) << is_volatile_shift) |
+        ((is_final_flag ? 1 : 0) << is_final_shift) |
+        ((is_flat_flag ? 1 : 0) << is_flat_shift) |
+        ((is_null_free_inline_type_flag ? 1 : 0) << is_null_free_inline_type_shift) |
+        ((has_null_marker_flag  ? 1 : 0) << has_null_marker_shift);
     _flags = checked_cast<u1>(new_flags);
-    assert(is_final() == is_final_flag, "Must be");
     assert(is_volatile() == is_volatile_flag, "Must be");
+    assert(is_final() == is_final_flag, "Must be");
+    assert(is_flat() == is_flat_flag, "Must be");
+    assert(is_null_free_inline_type() == is_null_free_inline_type_flag, "Must be");
+    assert(has_null_marker() == has_null_marker_flag, "Must be");
   }
 
   inline void set_bytecode(u1* code, u1 new_code) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/symbol.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/symbol.hpp
index c030f406b6f..b5277d3cde8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/symbol.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/symbol.hpp
@@ -239,6 +239,12 @@ class Symbol : public MetaspaceObj {
     return code_byte == char_at(position);
   }
 
+  // True if this is a descriptor for a method with void return.
+  // (Assumes it is a valid descriptor.)
+  bool is_void_method_signature() const {
+    return starts_with('(') && ends_with('V');
+  }
+
   // Test if the symbol has the give substring at or after the i-th char.
   int index_of_at(int i, const char* substr, int substr_len) const;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/typeArrayKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/typeArrayKlass.cpp
index 7dbea9ce475..214b389e35c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/typeArrayKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/typeArrayKlass.cpp
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 
@@ -75,10 +76,14 @@ TypeArrayKlass* TypeArrayKlass::allocate_klass(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, Bas
 }
 
 u2 TypeArrayKlass::compute_modifier_flags() const {
-  return JVM_ACC_ABSTRACT | JVM_ACC_FINAL | JVM_ACC_PUBLIC;
+  u2 identity_flag = (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) ? JVM_ACC_IDENTITY : 0;
+
+  return JVM_ACC_ABSTRACT | JVM_ACC_FINAL | JVM_ACC_PUBLIC
+                    | identity_flag;
 }
 
-TypeArrayKlass::TypeArrayKlass(BasicType type, Symbol* name) : ArrayKlass(1, name, Kind) {
+TypeArrayKlass::TypeArrayKlass(BasicType type, Symbol* name)
+    : ArrayKlass(1, name, Kind, ArrayProperties::Default()) {
   set_layout_helper(array_layout_helper(type));
   assert(is_array_klass(), "sanity");
   assert(is_typeArray_klass(), "sanity");
@@ -98,7 +103,6 @@ typeArrayOop TypeArrayKlass::allocate_common(int length, bool do_zero, TRAPS) {
 }
 
 oop TypeArrayKlass::multi_allocate(int rank, jint* last_size, TRAPS) {
-  // For typeArrays this is only called for the last dimension
   assert(rank == 1, "just checking");
   int length = *last_size;
   return allocate_instance(length, THREAD);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/valuePayload.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/valuePayload.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f63e1b318b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/valuePayload.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,411 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_VM_OOPS_VALUEPAYLOAD_HPP
+#define SHARE_VM_OOPS_VALUEPAYLOAD_HPP
+
+#include "oops/inlineOop.hpp"
+#include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/layoutKind.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopHandle.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp"
+#include "runtime/handles.hpp"
+#include "utilities/exceptions.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
+#include "utilities/macros.hpp"
+#include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
+
+class fieldDescriptor;
+class JavaThread;
+class outputStream;
+class ResolvedFieldEntry;
+
+class ValuePayload {
+private:
+  template <typename OopOrHandle> class StorageImpl {
+  private:
+    union {
+      struct {
+        OopOrHandle _container;
+        ptrdiff_t _offset;
+      };
+      address _absolute_addr;
+    };
+    InlineKlass* _klass;
+    LayoutKind _layout_kind;
+    bool _uses_absolute_addr;
+
+  public:
+    inline StorageImpl();
+    inline StorageImpl(OopOrHandle container,
+                       ptrdiff_t offset,
+                       InlineKlass* klass,
+                       LayoutKind layout_kind);
+    inline StorageImpl(address absolute_addr,
+                       InlineKlass* klass,
+                       LayoutKind layout_kind);
+    inline ~StorageImpl();
+    inline StorageImpl(const StorageImpl& other);
+    inline StorageImpl& operator=(const StorageImpl& other);
+
+    inline OopOrHandle& container();
+    inline OopOrHandle container() const;
+
+    inline ptrdiff_t& offset();
+    inline ptrdiff_t offset() const;
+
+    inline address& absolute_addr();
+    inline address absolute_addr() const;
+
+    inline InlineKlass* klass() const;
+
+    inline LayoutKind layout_kind() const;
+
+    inline bool uses_absolute_addr() const;
+  };
+
+  using Storage = StorageImpl<oop>;
+
+  Storage _storage;
+
+protected:
+  static constexpr ptrdiff_t BAD_OFFSET = -1;
+
+  ValuePayload() = default;
+  ValuePayload(const ValuePayload&) = default;
+  ValuePayload& operator=(const ValuePayload&) = default;
+
+  // Constructed from parts container and offset
+  inline ValuePayload(oop container,
+                      ptrdiff_t offset,
+                      InlineKlass* klass,
+                      LayoutKind layout_kind);
+
+  // Constructed from parts absolute_addr
+  inline ValuePayload(address absolute_addr,
+                      InlineKlass* klass,
+                      LayoutKind layout_kind);
+
+  inline void set_offset(ptrdiff_t offset);
+
+  static inline void copy(const ValuePayload& src,
+                          const ValuePayload& dst,
+                          LayoutKind copy_layout_kind);
+
+  inline void mark_as_non_null();
+  inline void mark_as_null();
+
+  inline bool uses_absolute_addr() const;
+
+  inline oop& container();
+  inline oop container() const;
+
+  inline void print_on(outputStream* st) const NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
+
+private:
+  inline void assert_is_flat_field(const InstanceKlass* klass, int offset) const NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
+  inline void assert_post_construction_invariants() const NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
+  static inline void assert_pre_copy_invariants(const ValuePayload& src,
+                                                const ValuePayload& dst,
+                                                LayoutKind copy_layout_kind) NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
+
+public:
+  inline InlineKlass* klass() const;
+  inline ptrdiff_t offset() const;
+  inline LayoutKind layout_kind() const;
+
+  inline address addr() const;
+
+  inline bool has_null_marker() const;
+  inline bool is_payload_null() const;
+
+  class Handle;
+  class OopHandle;
+
+  [[nodiscard]] static inline ValuePayload construct_from_parts(address absolute_addr,
+                                                                InlineKlass* klass,
+                                                                LayoutKind layout_kind);
+};
+
+class BufferedValuePayload : public ValuePayload {
+  friend class FlatValuePayload;
+
+private:
+  inline BufferedValuePayload(inlineOop container,
+                              ptrdiff_t offset,
+                              InlineKlass* klass,
+                              LayoutKind layout_kind);
+
+public:
+  BufferedValuePayload() = default;
+  BufferedValuePayload(const BufferedValuePayload&) = default;
+  BufferedValuePayload& operator=(const BufferedValuePayload&) = default;
+
+  explicit inline BufferedValuePayload(inlineOop buffer);
+  inline BufferedValuePayload(inlineOop buffer, InlineKlass* klass);
+
+  inline inlineOop container() const;
+
+  inline void copy_to(const BufferedValuePayload& dst);
+
+  class Handle;
+  class OopHandle;
+
+  inline Handle make_handle(JavaThread* thread) const;
+  inline OopHandle make_oop_handle(OopStorage* storage) const;
+};
+
+class FlatValuePayload : public ValuePayload {
+protected:
+  inline FlatValuePayload(oop container,
+                          ptrdiff_t offset,
+                          InlineKlass* klass,
+                          LayoutKind layout_kind);
+
+private:
+  inline inlineOop allocate_instance(TRAPS);
+
+public:
+  FlatValuePayload() = default;
+  FlatValuePayload(const FlatValuePayload&) = default;
+  FlatValuePayload& operator=(const FlatValuePayload&) = default;
+
+  [[nodiscard]] inline bool copy_to(BufferedValuePayload& dst);
+  inline void copy_from(BufferedValuePayload& src);
+
+  inline void copy_to(const FlatValuePayload& dst);
+
+  [[nodiscard]] inline inlineOop read(TRAPS);
+  inline void write_without_nullability_check(inlineOop obj);
+  inline void write(inlineOop obj, TRAPS);
+
+  [[nodiscard]] static inline FlatValuePayload construct_from_parts(oop container,
+                                                                    ptrdiff_t offset,
+                                                                    InlineKlass* klass,
+                                                                    LayoutKind layout_kind);
+
+  class Handle;
+  class OopHandle;
+
+  inline Handle make_handle(JavaThread* thread) const;
+  inline OopHandle make_oop_handle(OopStorage* storage) const;
+};
+
+class FlatFieldPayload : public FlatValuePayload {
+private:
+  inline FlatFieldPayload(instanceOop container,
+                          ptrdiff_t offset,
+                          InlineKlass* klass,
+                          LayoutKind layout_kind);
+
+  inline FlatFieldPayload(instanceOop container,
+                          ptrdiff_t offset,
+                          InlineLayoutInfo* inline_layout_info);
+
+  inline void assert_post_construction_invariants(instanceOop container,
+                                                  ResolvedFieldEntry* resolved_field_entry) const NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
+  inline void assert_post_construction_invariants(instanceOop container,
+                                                  fieldDescriptor* field_descriptor) const NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
+
+public:
+  FlatFieldPayload() = default;
+
+  inline FlatFieldPayload(instanceOop container,
+                          fieldDescriptor* field_descriptor);
+
+  inline FlatFieldPayload(instanceOop container,
+                          ResolvedFieldEntry* resolved_field_entry);
+
+  inline instanceOop container() const;
+
+  class Handle;
+  class OopHandle;
+
+  inline Handle make_handle(JavaThread* thread) const;
+  inline OopHandle make_oop_handle(OopStorage* storage) const;
+};
+
+class FlatArrayPayload : public FlatValuePayload {
+private:
+  struct Storage {
+    jint _layout_helper;
+    int _element_size;
+  } _storage;
+
+  inline FlatArrayPayload(flatArrayOop container,
+                          ptrdiff_t offset,
+                          InlineKlass* klass,
+                          LayoutKind layout_kind,
+                          jint layout_helper,
+                          int element_size);
+
+public:
+  FlatArrayPayload() = default;
+  FlatArrayPayload(const FlatArrayPayload&) = default;
+  FlatArrayPayload& operator=(const FlatArrayPayload&) = default;
+
+  explicit inline FlatArrayPayload(flatArrayOop container);
+  inline FlatArrayPayload(flatArrayOop container, FlatArrayKlass* klass);
+
+  inline FlatArrayPayload(flatArrayOop container, int index);
+  inline FlatArrayPayload(flatArrayOop container, int index, FlatArrayKlass* klass);
+
+  inline flatArrayOop container() const;
+
+  inline void set_index(int index);
+  inline void advance_index(int delta);
+
+  inline void next_element();
+  inline void previous_element();
+
+private:
+  inline void set_offset(ptrdiff_t offset);
+
+public:
+  class Handle;
+  class OopHandle;
+
+  inline Handle make_handle(JavaThread* thread) const;
+  inline OopHandle make_oop_handle(OopStorage* storage) const;
+};
+
+class ValuePayload::Handle {
+private:
+  using Storage = StorageImpl<::Handle>;
+
+  Storage _storage;
+
+protected:
+  inline Handle(const ValuePayload& payload, JavaThread* thread);
+
+  inline oop container() const;
+
+public:
+  Handle() = default;
+  Handle(const Handle&) = default;
+  Handle& operator=(const Handle&) = default;
+
+  inline InlineKlass* klass() const;
+  inline ptrdiff_t offset() const;
+  inline LayoutKind layout_kind() const;
+};
+
+class ValuePayload::OopHandle {
+private:
+  using Storage = StorageImpl<::OopHandle>;
+
+  Storage _storage;
+
+protected:
+  inline OopHandle(const ValuePayload& payload, OopStorage* storage);
+
+  inline oop container() const;
+
+public:
+  OopHandle() = default;
+  OopHandle(const OopHandle&) = default;
+  OopHandle& operator=(const OopHandle&) = default;
+
+  inline void release(OopStorage* storage);
+
+  inline InlineKlass* klass() const;
+  inline ptrdiff_t offset() const;
+  inline LayoutKind layout_kind() const;
+};
+
+class BufferedValuePayload::Handle : public ValuePayload::Handle {
+public:
+  inline Handle(const BufferedValuePayload& payload, JavaThread* thread);
+
+  inline BufferedValuePayload operator()() const;
+
+  inline inlineOop container() const;
+};
+
+class BufferedValuePayload::OopHandle : public ValuePayload::OopHandle {
+public:
+  inline OopHandle(const BufferedValuePayload& payload, OopStorage* storage);
+
+  inline BufferedValuePayload operator()() const;
+
+  inline inlineOop container() const;
+};
+
+class FlatValuePayload::Handle : public ValuePayload::Handle {
+public:
+  inline Handle(const FlatValuePayload& payload, JavaThread* thread);
+
+  inline FlatValuePayload operator()() const;
+};
+
+class FlatValuePayload::OopHandle : public ValuePayload::OopHandle {
+public:
+  inline OopHandle(const FlatValuePayload& payload, OopStorage* storage);
+
+  inline FlatValuePayload operator()() const;
+};
+
+class FlatFieldPayload::Handle : public FlatValuePayload::Handle {
+public:
+  inline Handle(const FlatFieldPayload& payload, JavaThread* thread);
+
+  inline FlatFieldPayload operator()() const;
+
+  inline instanceOop container() const;
+};
+
+class FlatFieldPayload::OopHandle : public FlatValuePayload::OopHandle {
+public:
+  inline OopHandle(const FlatFieldPayload& payload, OopStorage* storage);
+
+  inline FlatFieldPayload operator()() const;
+
+  inline instanceOop container() const;
+};
+
+class FlatArrayPayload::Handle : public FlatValuePayload::Handle {
+private:
+  FlatArrayPayload::Storage _storage;
+
+public:
+  inline Handle(const FlatArrayPayload& payload, JavaThread* thread);
+
+  inline FlatArrayPayload operator()() const;
+
+  inline flatArrayOop container() const;
+};
+
+class FlatArrayPayload::OopHandle : public FlatValuePayload::OopHandle {
+private:
+  FlatArrayPayload::Storage _storage;
+
+public:
+  inline OopHandle(const FlatArrayPayload& payload, OopStorage* storage);
+
+  inline FlatArrayPayload operator()() const;
+
+  inline flatArrayOop container() const;
+};
+
+#endif // SHARE_VM_OOPS_VALUEPAYLOAD_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/valuePayload.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/valuePayload.inline.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..82d728e1a45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/valuePayload.inline.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,905 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_VM_OOPS_VALUEPAYLOAD_INLINE_HPP
+#define SHARE_VM_OOPS_VALUEPAYLOAD_INLINE_HPP
+
+#include "oops/valuePayload.hpp"
+
+#include "cppstdlib/type_traits.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/layoutKind.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopHandle.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp"
+#include "oops/resolvedFieldEntry.hpp"
+#include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/javaThread.inline.hpp"
+#include "utilities/debug.hpp"
+#include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
+#include "utilities/vmError.hpp"
+
+template <typename OopOrHandle>
+inline ValuePayload::StorageImpl<OopOrHandle>::StorageImpl()
+    : _container(nullptr),
+      _offset(BAD_OFFSET),
+      _klass(nullptr),
+      _layout_kind(LayoutKind::UNKNOWN),
+      _uses_absolute_addr(false) {}
+
+template <typename OopOrHandle>
+inline ValuePayload::StorageImpl<OopOrHandle>::StorageImpl(OopOrHandle container,
+                                                           ptrdiff_t offset,
+                                                           InlineKlass* klass,
+                                                           LayoutKind layout_kind)
+    : _container(container),
+      _offset(offset),
+      _klass(klass),
+      _layout_kind(layout_kind),
+      _uses_absolute_addr(false) {}
+
+template <typename OopOrHandle>
+inline ValuePayload::StorageImpl<OopOrHandle>::StorageImpl(address absolute_addr,
+                                                           InlineKlass* klass,
+                                                           LayoutKind layout_kind)
+    : _absolute_addr(absolute_addr),
+      _klass(klass),
+      _layout_kind(layout_kind),
+      _uses_absolute_addr(true) {}
+
+template <typename OopOrHandle>
+inline ValuePayload::StorageImpl<OopOrHandle>::~StorageImpl() {
+#ifdef CHECK_UNHANDLED_OOPS
+  if (!_uses_absolute_addr) {
+    _container.~OopOrHandle();
+  }
+#else  // CHECK_UNHANDLED_OOPS
+  static_assert(std::is_trivially_destructible_v<OopOrHandle>);
+#endif // CHECK_UNHANDLED_OOPS
+}
+
+template <typename OopOrHandle>
+inline ValuePayload::StorageImpl<OopOrHandle>::StorageImpl(const StorageImpl& other)
+    : _klass(other._klass),
+      _layout_kind(other._layout_kind),
+      _uses_absolute_addr(other._uses_absolute_addr) {
+  if (_uses_absolute_addr) {
+    _absolute_addr = other._absolute_addr;
+  } else {
+    _container = other._container;
+    _offset = other._offset;
+  }
+}
+
+template <typename OopOrHandle>
+inline ValuePayload::StorageImpl<OopOrHandle>&
+ValuePayload::StorageImpl<OopOrHandle>::operator=(const StorageImpl& other) {
+  if (&other != this) {
+    _klass = other._klass;
+    _layout_kind = other._layout_kind;
+    _uses_absolute_addr = other._uses_absolute_addr;
+    if (_uses_absolute_addr) {
+      _absolute_addr = other._absolute_addr;
+    } else {
+      _container = other._container;
+      _offset = other._offset;
+    }
+  }
+  return *this;
+}
+
+template <typename OopOrHandle>
+inline OopOrHandle& ValuePayload::StorageImpl<OopOrHandle>::container() {
+  precond(!_uses_absolute_addr);
+  return _container;
+}
+
+template <typename OopOrHandle>
+inline OopOrHandle ValuePayload::StorageImpl<OopOrHandle>::container() const {
+  precond(!_uses_absolute_addr);
+  return _container;
+}
+
+template <typename OopOrHandle>
+inline ptrdiff_t& ValuePayload::StorageImpl<OopOrHandle>::offset() {
+  precond(!_uses_absolute_addr);
+  return _offset;
+}
+
+template <typename OopOrHandle>
+inline ptrdiff_t ValuePayload::StorageImpl<OopOrHandle>::offset() const {
+  precond(!_uses_absolute_addr);
+  return _offset;
+}
+
+template <typename OopOrHandle>
+inline address& ValuePayload::StorageImpl<OopOrHandle>::absolute_addr() {
+  precond(_uses_absolute_addr);
+  return _absolute_addr;
+}
+
+template <typename OopOrHandle>
+inline address ValuePayload::StorageImpl<OopOrHandle>::absolute_addr() const {
+  precond(_uses_absolute_addr);
+  return _absolute_addr;
+
+}
+
+template <typename OopOrHandle>
+inline InlineKlass* ValuePayload::StorageImpl<OopOrHandle>::klass() const {
+  return _klass;
+}
+
+template <typename OopOrHandle>
+inline LayoutKind ValuePayload::StorageImpl<OopOrHandle>::layout_kind() const {
+  return _layout_kind;
+}
+
+template <typename OopOrHandle>
+inline bool ValuePayload::StorageImpl<OopOrHandle>::uses_absolute_addr() const {
+  return _uses_absolute_addr;
+}
+
+inline ValuePayload::ValuePayload(oop container,
+                                  ptrdiff_t offset,
+                                  InlineKlass* klass,
+                                  LayoutKind layout_kind)
+    : _storage{container, offset, klass, layout_kind} {
+  assert_post_construction_invariants();
+}
+
+inline ValuePayload::ValuePayload(address absolute_addr,
+                                  InlineKlass* klass,
+                                  LayoutKind layout_kind)
+    : _storage{absolute_addr, klass, layout_kind} {
+  assert_post_construction_invariants();
+}
+
+inline void ValuePayload::set_offset(ptrdiff_t offset) {
+  _storage.offset() = offset;
+}
+
+inline void ValuePayload::copy(const ValuePayload& src,
+                               const ValuePayload& dst,
+                               LayoutKind copy_layout_kind) {
+  assert_pre_copy_invariants(src, dst, copy_layout_kind);
+
+  InlineKlass* const klass = src.klass();
+
+  switch (copy_layout_kind) {
+  case LayoutKind::NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+  case LayoutKind::NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT: {
+    if (src.is_payload_null()) {
+      HeapAccess<>::value_store_null(dst);
+    } else {
+      HeapAccess<>::value_copy(src, dst);
+    }
+  } break;
+  case LayoutKind::BUFFERED:
+  case LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+  case LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT: {
+    if (!klass->is_empty_inline_type()) {
+      HeapAccess<>::value_copy(src, dst);
+    }
+  } break;
+  default:
+    ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+}
+
+inline void ValuePayload::mark_as_non_null() {
+  precond(has_null_marker());
+  klass()->mark_payload_as_non_null(addr());
+}
+
+inline void ValuePayload::mark_as_null() {
+  precond(has_null_marker());
+  klass()->mark_payload_as_null(addr());
+}
+
+inline bool ValuePayload::uses_absolute_addr() const {
+  return _storage.uses_absolute_addr();
+}
+
+inline oop& ValuePayload::container() {
+  return _storage.container();
+}
+
+inline oop ValuePayload::container() const {
+  return _storage.container();
+}
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+
+inline void ValuePayload::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
+  if (uses_absolute_addr()) {
+    st->print_cr("--- absolute_addr ---");
+    StreamIndentor si(st);
+    st->print_cr("_absolute_addr: " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(_storage.absolute_addr()));
+  } else {
+    {
+      oop container = _storage.container();
+      st->print_cr("--- container ---");
+      StreamIndentor si(st);
+      st->print_cr("_container: " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(container));
+      if (container != nullptr) {
+        container->print_on(st);
+        st->cr();
+      }
+    }
+    {
+      st->print_cr("--- offset ---");
+      StreamIndentor si(st);
+      st->print_cr("_offset: %zd", _storage.offset());
+    }
+  }
+  {
+    InlineKlass* const klass = _storage.klass();
+    st->print_cr("--- klass ---");
+    StreamIndentor si(st);
+    st->print_cr("_klass: " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(klass));
+    if (klass != nullptr) {
+      klass->print_on(st);
+      st->cr();
+    }
+  }
+  {
+    const LayoutKind layout_kind = _storage.layout_kind();
+    st->print_cr("--- layout_kind ---");
+    StreamIndentor si(st);
+    st->print_cr("_layout_kind: %u", (uint32_t)layout_kind);
+    LayoutKindHelper::print_on(layout_kind, st);
+    st->cr();
+  }
+}
+
+inline void ValuePayload::assert_is_flat_field(const InstanceKlass* klass, int offset) const {
+  OnVMError on_assertion_failure_field_descriptor([&](outputStream* st) {
+    st->print_cr("=== assert_is_flat_field(" PTR_FORMAT ", %d) failure ===", p2i(klass), offset);
+    StreamIndentor si(st);
+    if (klass != nullptr) {
+      klass->print_on(st);
+      st->cr();
+    }
+  });
+
+  fieldDescriptor field_descriptor;
+  postcond(klass->find_flat_field_containing_offset(offset, &field_descriptor));
+
+  const InlineLayoutInfo inline_layout_info = field_descriptor.field_holder()->inline_layout_info(field_descriptor.index());
+
+  OnVMError on_assertion_failure_inline_layout_info([&](outputStream* st) {
+    st->print_cr("=== assert_is_flat_field(" PTR_FORMAT ", %d) failure ===", p2i(klass), offset);
+      StreamIndentor si(st);
+      st->print("field_descriptor: ");
+      field_descriptor.print_on(st);
+      st->cr();
+      st->print("inline_layout_info: ");
+      inline_layout_info.print_on(st);
+      st->cr();
+  });
+
+  if (inline_layout_info.klass() == this->klass()) {
+    // Found the field in klass
+    postcond(offset == field_descriptor.offset());
+    postcond(inline_layout_info.kind() == layout_kind());
+    postcond(field_descriptor.layout_kind() == layout_kind());
+    postcond(field_descriptor.is_flat());
+  } else {
+    // Nested flat field
+    postcond(offset >= field_descriptor.offset());
+    const InlineKlass* const field_klass = inline_layout_info.klass();
+    const int payload_offset = field_klass->payload_offset();
+    assert_is_flat_field(field_klass, offset - field_descriptor.offset() + payload_offset);
+  }
+}
+
+inline void ValuePayload::assert_post_construction_invariants() const {
+  OnVMError on_assertion_failure([&](outputStream* st) {
+    st->print_cr("=== assert_post_construction_invariants failure ===");
+    StreamIndentor si(st);
+    print_on(st);
+    st->cr();
+  });
+
+  postcond(layout_kind() != LayoutKind::REFERENCE);
+  postcond(layout_kind() != LayoutKind::UNKNOWN);
+  postcond(klass()->is_layout_supported(layout_kind()));
+
+  if (!uses_absolute_addr()) {
+    postcond(container() != nullptr);
+    const Klass* const container_klass = container()->klass();
+    if (container_klass == klass()) {
+      postcond(layout_kind() == LayoutKind::BUFFERED);
+    } else {
+      postcond(layout_kind() != LayoutKind::BUFFERED);
+      if (container_klass->is_mirror_instance_klass()) {
+        fatal("java.lang.Class has no flat fields. Static fields are not flattened");
+      } else if (container_klass->is_instance_klass()) {
+        assert_is_flat_field(InstanceKlass::cast(container_klass), checked_cast<int>(offset()));
+      } else {
+        const FlatArrayKlass* const container_flat_array_klass = FlatArrayKlass::cast(container_klass);
+        if (container_flat_array_klass->element_klass() == klass()) {
+          postcond(container_flat_array_klass->layout_kind() == layout_kind());
+        } else {
+          // Accessing nested flat field
+          const InlineKlass* const element_klass = container_flat_array_klass->element_klass();
+          const int element_offset =
+              (checked_cast<int>(this->offset()) -
+               checked_cast<int>(flatArrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes())) %
+              container_flat_array_klass->element_byte_size();
+          const int payload_offset = element_klass->payload_offset();
+          assert_is_flat_field(element_klass, element_offset + payload_offset);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+inline void ValuePayload::assert_pre_copy_invariants(const ValuePayload& src,
+                                                     const ValuePayload& dst,
+                                                     LayoutKind copy_layout_kind) {
+  OnVMError on_assertion_failuire([&](outputStream* st) {
+    st->print_cr("=== assert_post_construction_invariants failure ===");
+    StreamIndentor si(st);
+    {
+      st->print_cr("--- src payload ---");
+      StreamIndentor si(st);
+      src.print_on(st);
+      st->cr();
+    }
+    {
+      st->print_cr("--- dst payload ---");
+      StreamIndentor si(st);
+      dst.print_on(st);
+      st->cr();
+    }
+    {
+      st->print_cr("--- copy layout kind ---");
+      StreamIndentor si(st);
+      LayoutKindHelper::print_on(copy_layout_kind, st);
+      st->cr();
+    }
+  });
+
+  const InlineKlass* const src_klass = src.klass();
+  const InlineKlass* const dst_klass = dst.klass();
+
+  precond(src_klass == dst_klass);
+
+  const bool src_is_buffered = src.layout_kind() == LayoutKind::BUFFERED;
+  const bool dst_is_buffered = dst.layout_kind() == LayoutKind::BUFFERED;
+  const bool src_and_dst_same_layout_kind = src.layout_kind() == dst.layout_kind();
+  const bool src_has_copy_layout = src.layout_kind() == copy_layout_kind;
+  const bool dst_has_copy_layout = dst.layout_kind() == copy_layout_kind;
+
+  precond(src_is_buffered || dst_is_buffered || src_and_dst_same_layout_kind);
+  precond(src_has_copy_layout || dst_has_copy_layout);
+
+  if (src_is_buffered) {
+    oop container = src.uses_absolute_addr()
+        ? cast_to_oop(src.addr() - src_klass->payload_offset())
+        : src.container();
+
+    precond(!src_klass->supports_nullable_layouts() || container != src_klass->null_reset_value());
+  }
+
+  const int src_layout_size_in_bytes = src_klass->layout_size_in_bytes(src.layout_kind());
+  const int dst_layout_size_in_bytes = dst_klass->layout_size_in_bytes(dst.layout_kind());
+  const int copy_layout_size_in_bytes =
+      src_has_copy_layout
+          ? src_layout_size_in_bytes
+          : dst_layout_size_in_bytes;
+
+  precond(copy_layout_size_in_bytes <= src_layout_size_in_bytes);
+  precond(copy_layout_size_in_bytes <= dst_layout_size_in_bytes);
+  precond(LayoutKindHelper::get_copy_layout(src.layout_kind(),
+                                            dst.layout_kind()) == copy_layout_kind);
+}
+
+#endif // ASSERT
+
+inline InlineKlass* ValuePayload::klass() const {
+  return _storage.klass();
+}
+
+inline ptrdiff_t ValuePayload::offset() const {
+  precond(_storage.offset() != BAD_OFFSET);
+  return _storage.offset();
+}
+
+inline LayoutKind ValuePayload::layout_kind() const {
+  return _storage.layout_kind();
+}
+
+inline address ValuePayload::addr() const {
+  return uses_absolute_addr()
+      ? _storage.absolute_addr()
+      : (cast_from_oop<address>(container()) + offset());
+}
+
+inline bool ValuePayload::has_null_marker() const {
+  return klass()->layout_has_null_marker(layout_kind());
+}
+
+inline bool ValuePayload::is_payload_null() const {
+  return has_null_marker() && klass()->is_payload_marked_as_null(addr());
+}
+
+inline ValuePayload ValuePayload::construct_from_parts(address absolute_addr,
+                                                       InlineKlass* klass,
+                                                       LayoutKind layout_kind) {
+  return ValuePayload(absolute_addr, klass, layout_kind);
+}
+
+inline BufferedValuePayload::BufferedValuePayload(inlineOop container,
+                                                  ptrdiff_t offset,
+                                                  InlineKlass* klass,
+                                                  LayoutKind layout_kind)
+    : ValuePayload(container, offset, klass, layout_kind) {}
+
+inline BufferedValuePayload::BufferedValuePayload(inlineOop buffer)
+    : BufferedValuePayload(buffer, InlineKlass::cast(buffer->klass())) {}
+
+inline BufferedValuePayload::BufferedValuePayload(inlineOop buffer,
+                                                  InlineKlass* klass)
+    : ValuePayload(buffer, klass->payload_offset(), klass, LayoutKind::BUFFERED) {}
+
+inline inlineOop BufferedValuePayload::container() const {
+  return inlineOop(ValuePayload::container());
+}
+
+inline void BufferedValuePayload::copy_to(const BufferedValuePayload& dst) {
+  copy(*this, dst, LayoutKind::BUFFERED);
+}
+
+inline FlatValuePayload::FlatValuePayload(oop container,
+                                          ptrdiff_t offset,
+                                          InlineKlass* klass,
+                                          LayoutKind layout_kind)
+    : ValuePayload(container, offset, klass, layout_kind) {}
+
+inline inlineOop FlatValuePayload::allocate_instance(TRAPS) {
+  // Preserve the container oop across the instance allocation.
+  oop& container = this->container();
+  ::Handle container_handle(THREAD, container);
+  inlineOop res = klass()->allocate_instance(THREAD);
+  container = container_handle();
+  return res;
+}
+
+inline bool FlatValuePayload::copy_to(BufferedValuePayload& dst) {
+  // Copy from FLAT to BUFFERED, null marker fix may be required.
+
+  // Copy the payload to the buffered object.
+  copy(*this, dst, layout_kind());
+
+  if (!has_null_marker() && dst.has_null_marker()) {
+    // We must fix the null marker if the src does not have a null marker but
+    // the buffered object does.
+    dst.mark_as_non_null();
+
+    // The buffered object was just marked non null.
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  if (dst.is_payload_null()) {
+    // A null payload is not a valid payload for a buffered value.
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+inline void FlatValuePayload::copy_from(BufferedValuePayload& src) {
+  // Copy from BUFFERED to FLAT, null marker fix may be required.
+
+  if (has_null_marker()) {
+    // The FLAT payload has a null mark. So make sure that buffered is marked as
+    // non null. It is the callers responsibility to ensure that this is a
+    // valid non null value.
+    src.mark_as_non_null();
+  }
+  copy(src, *this, layout_kind());
+}
+
+inline void FlatValuePayload::copy_to(const FlatValuePayload& dst) {
+  copy(*this, dst, layout_kind());
+}
+
+inline inlineOop FlatValuePayload::read(TRAPS) {
+  switch (layout_kind()) {
+  case LayoutKind::NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+  case LayoutKind::NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT: {
+    if (is_payload_null()) {
+      return nullptr;
+    }
+  } // Fallthrough
+  case LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+  case LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT: {
+    inlineOop res = allocate_instance(CHECK_NULL);
+    BufferedValuePayload dst(res, klass());
+    if (!copy_to(dst)) {
+      // copy_to may fail if the payload has been updated with a null value
+      // between our is_payload_null() check above and the copy.
+      // In this case we have copied a null value into the buffer the payload.
+      return nullptr;
+    }
+    // Must ensure the content of the buffered value is visible
+    // before publishing the buffered value oop
+    OrderAccess::storestore();
+    return res;
+  } break;
+  default:
+    ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+}
+
+inline void FlatValuePayload::write_without_nullability_check(inlineOop obj) {
+  if (obj == nullptr) {
+    assert(has_null_marker(), "Payload must support null values");
+    HeapAccess<>::value_store_null(*this);
+  } else {
+    // Copy the obj payload
+    BufferedValuePayload obj_payload(obj);
+    copy_from(obj_payload);
+  }
+}
+
+inline void FlatValuePayload::write(inlineOop obj, TRAPS) {
+  if (obj == nullptr && !has_null_marker()) {
+    // This payload does not have a null marker and cannot represent a null
+    // value.
+    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), "Value is null");
+  }
+  write_without_nullability_check(obj);
+}
+
+inline FlatValuePayload FlatValuePayload::construct_from_parts(oop container,
+                                                               ptrdiff_t offset,
+                                                               InlineKlass* klass,
+                                                               LayoutKind layout_kind) {
+  return FlatValuePayload(container, offset, klass, layout_kind);
+}
+
+inline FlatFieldPayload::FlatFieldPayload(instanceOop container,
+                                          ptrdiff_t offset,
+                                          InlineKlass* klass,
+                                          LayoutKind layout_kind)
+    : FlatValuePayload(container, offset, klass, layout_kind) {}
+
+inline FlatFieldPayload::FlatFieldPayload(instanceOop container,
+                                          ptrdiff_t offset,
+                                          InlineLayoutInfo* inline_layout_info)
+    : FlatValuePayload(container, offset, inline_layout_info->klass(), inline_layout_info->kind()) {}
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+
+inline void FlatFieldPayload::assert_post_construction_invariants(instanceOop container,
+                                                                  ResolvedFieldEntry* resolved_field_entry) const {
+  OnVMError on_assertion_failure([&](outputStream* st) {
+    st->print_cr("=== assert_post_construction_invariants failure ===");
+    StreamIndentor si(st);
+    print_on(st);
+    st->cr();
+  });
+
+  postcond(container->klass()->is_subclass_of(resolved_field_entry->field_holder()));
+  postcond(resolved_field_entry->is_flat());
+}
+
+inline void FlatFieldPayload::assert_post_construction_invariants(instanceOop container,
+                                                                  fieldDescriptor* field_descriptor) const {
+  OnVMError on_assertion_failure([&](outputStream* st) {
+    st->print_cr("=== assert_post_construction_invariants failure ===");
+    StreamIndentor si(st);
+    print_on(st);
+    st->cr();
+  });
+
+  postcond(container->klass()->is_subclass_of(field_descriptor->field_holder()));
+  postcond(field_descriptor->is_flat());
+}
+
+#endif // ASSERT
+
+inline FlatFieldPayload::FlatFieldPayload(instanceOop container,
+                                          fieldDescriptor* field_descriptor)
+    : FlatFieldPayload(container,
+                       field_descriptor->offset(),
+                       field_descriptor->field_holder()->inline_layout_info_adr(field_descriptor->index())) {
+  assert_post_construction_invariants(container, field_descriptor);
+}
+
+inline FlatFieldPayload::FlatFieldPayload(instanceOop container,
+                                          ResolvedFieldEntry* resolved_field_entry)
+    : FlatFieldPayload(container,
+                       resolved_field_entry->field_offset(),
+                       resolved_field_entry->field_holder()->inline_layout_info_adr(resolved_field_entry->field_index())) {
+  assert_post_construction_invariants(container, resolved_field_entry);
+}
+
+inline instanceOop FlatFieldPayload::container() const {
+  return instanceOop(ValuePayload::container());
+}
+
+inline FlatArrayPayload::FlatArrayPayload(flatArrayOop container,
+                                          ptrdiff_t offset,
+                                          InlineKlass* klass,
+                                          LayoutKind layout_kind,
+                                          jint layout_helper,
+                                          int element_size)
+    : FlatValuePayload(container, offset, klass, layout_kind),
+      _storage{layout_helper, element_size} {}
+
+inline FlatArrayPayload::FlatArrayPayload(flatArrayOop container)
+    : FlatArrayPayload(container, container->klass()) {}
+
+inline FlatArrayPayload::FlatArrayPayload(flatArrayOop container, FlatArrayKlass* klass)
+    : FlatArrayPayload(container,
+                       BAD_OFFSET,
+                       klass->element_klass(),
+                       klass->layout_kind(),
+                       klass->layout_helper(),
+                       klass->element_byte_size()) {
+  postcond(container->klass() == klass);
+}
+
+inline FlatArrayPayload::FlatArrayPayload(flatArrayOop container, int index)
+    : FlatArrayPayload(container, index, container->klass()) {}
+
+inline FlatArrayPayload::FlatArrayPayload(flatArrayOop container,
+                                          int index,
+                                          FlatArrayKlass* klass)
+    : FlatArrayPayload(container,
+                       (ptrdiff_t)container->value_offset(index, klass->layout_helper()),
+                       klass->element_klass(),
+                       klass->layout_kind(),
+                       klass->layout_helper(),
+                       klass->element_byte_size()) {
+  postcond(container->klass() == klass);
+}
+
+inline flatArrayOop FlatArrayPayload::container() const {
+  return flatArrayOop(ValuePayload::container());
+}
+
+inline void FlatArrayPayload::set_index(int index) {
+  set_offset((ptrdiff_t)container()->value_offset(index, _storage._layout_helper));
+}
+
+inline void FlatArrayPayload::advance_index(int delta) {
+  set_offset(this->offset() + (ptrdiff_t)delta * (ptrdiff_t)_storage._element_size);
+}
+
+inline void FlatArrayPayload::next_element() {
+  advance_index(1);
+}
+
+inline void FlatArrayPayload::previous_element() {
+  advance_index(-1);
+}
+
+inline void FlatArrayPayload::set_offset(ptrdiff_t offset) {
+#if defined(ASSERT) && defined(_LP64)
+  // For ease of use as iterators we allow the offset to point one element size
+  // beyond the first and last element. If there are no elements only the base
+  // offset is allowed. However we treat these as terminal states, and set the
+  // offset to a BAD_OFFSET in debug builds.
+
+  const ptrdiff_t element_size = _storage._element_size;
+  const ptrdiff_t length = container()->length();
+  const ptrdiff_t base_offset = (ptrdiff_t)flatArrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes();
+
+  const ptrdiff_t min_offset = base_offset - (length == 0 ? 0 : element_size);
+  const ptrdiff_t max_offset = base_offset + length * element_size;
+  assert(min_offset <= offset && offset <= max_offset,
+         "Offset out-of-bounds: %zd <= %zd <= %zd", min_offset, offset, max_offset);
+
+  if (offset == min_offset || offset == max_offset) {
+    // Terminal state of iteration, set a bad value.
+    ValuePayload::set_offset(BAD_OFFSET);
+  } else {
+    ValuePayload::set_offset(offset);
+  }
+#else  // ASSERT
+  ValuePayload::set_offset(offset);
+#endif // ASSERT
+}
+
+inline ValuePayload::Handle::Handle(const ValuePayload& payload, JavaThread* thread)
+    : _storage{::Handle(thread, payload.container()),
+               payload.offset(),
+               payload.klass(),
+               payload.layout_kind()} {}
+
+inline oop ValuePayload::Handle::container() const {
+  return _storage.container()();
+}
+
+inline InlineKlass* ValuePayload::Handle::klass() const {
+  return _storage.klass();
+}
+
+inline ptrdiff_t ValuePayload::Handle::offset() const {
+  return _storage.offset();
+}
+
+inline LayoutKind ValuePayload::Handle::layout_kind() const {
+  return _storage.layout_kind();
+}
+
+inline ValuePayload::OopHandle::OopHandle(const ValuePayload& payload, OopStorage* storage)
+    : _storage{::OopHandle(storage, payload.container()),
+               payload.offset(),
+               payload.klass(),
+               payload.layout_kind()} {}
+
+inline oop ValuePayload::OopHandle::container() const {
+  return _storage.container().resolve();
+}
+
+inline void ValuePayload::OopHandle::release(OopStorage* storage) {
+  return _storage.container().release(storage);
+}
+
+inline InlineKlass* ValuePayload::OopHandle::klass() const {
+  return _storage.klass();
+}
+
+inline ptrdiff_t ValuePayload::OopHandle::offset() const {
+  return _storage.offset();
+}
+
+inline LayoutKind ValuePayload::OopHandle::layout_kind() const {
+  return _storage.layout_kind();
+}
+
+inline BufferedValuePayload::Handle::Handle(const BufferedValuePayload& payload, JavaThread* thread)
+    : ValuePayload::Handle(payload, thread) {}
+
+inline BufferedValuePayload BufferedValuePayload::Handle::operator()() const {
+  return BufferedValuePayload(container(), offset(), klass(), layout_kind());
+}
+
+inline inlineOop BufferedValuePayload::Handle::container() const {
+  return inlineOop(ValuePayload::Handle::container());
+}
+
+inline BufferedValuePayload::Handle BufferedValuePayload::make_handle(JavaThread* thread) const {
+  return Handle(*this, thread);
+}
+
+inline BufferedValuePayload::OopHandle::OopHandle(const BufferedValuePayload& payload,
+                                                  OopStorage* storage)
+    : ValuePayload::OopHandle(payload, storage) {}
+
+inline BufferedValuePayload BufferedValuePayload::OopHandle::operator()() const {
+  return BufferedValuePayload(container(), offset(), klass(), layout_kind());
+}
+
+inline inlineOop BufferedValuePayload::OopHandle::container() const {
+  return inlineOop(ValuePayload::OopHandle::container());
+}
+
+inline BufferedValuePayload::OopHandle BufferedValuePayload::make_oop_handle(OopStorage* storage) const {
+  return OopHandle(*this, storage);
+}
+
+inline FlatValuePayload::Handle::Handle(const FlatValuePayload& payload, JavaThread* thread)
+    : ValuePayload::Handle(payload, thread) {}
+
+inline FlatValuePayload FlatValuePayload::Handle::operator()() const {
+  return FlatValuePayload(container(), offset(), klass(), layout_kind());
+}
+
+inline FlatValuePayload::Handle FlatValuePayload::make_handle(JavaThread* thread) const {
+  return Handle(*this, thread);
+}
+
+inline FlatValuePayload::OopHandle::OopHandle(const FlatValuePayload& payload, OopStorage* storage)
+    : ValuePayload::OopHandle(payload, storage) {}
+
+inline FlatValuePayload FlatValuePayload::OopHandle::operator()() const {
+  return FlatValuePayload(container(), offset(), klass(), layout_kind());
+}
+
+inline FlatValuePayload::OopHandle FlatValuePayload::make_oop_handle(OopStorage* storage) const {
+  return OopHandle(*this, storage);
+}
+
+inline FlatFieldPayload::Handle::Handle(const FlatFieldPayload& payload, JavaThread* thread)
+    : FlatValuePayload::Handle(payload, thread) {}
+
+inline FlatFieldPayload FlatFieldPayload::Handle::operator()() const {
+  return FlatFieldPayload(container(), offset(), klass(), layout_kind());
+}
+
+inline instanceOop FlatFieldPayload::Handle::container() const {
+  return instanceOop(ValuePayload::Handle::container());
+}
+
+inline FlatFieldPayload::Handle FlatFieldPayload::make_handle(JavaThread* thread) const {
+  return Handle(*this, thread);
+}
+
+inline FlatFieldPayload::OopHandle::OopHandle(const FlatFieldPayload& payload, OopStorage* storage)
+    : FlatValuePayload::OopHandle(payload, storage) {}
+
+inline FlatFieldPayload FlatFieldPayload::OopHandle::operator()() const {
+  return FlatFieldPayload(container(), offset(), klass(), layout_kind());
+}
+
+inline instanceOop FlatFieldPayload::OopHandle::container() const {
+  return instanceOop(ValuePayload::OopHandle::container());
+}
+
+inline FlatFieldPayload::OopHandle FlatFieldPayload::make_oop_handle(OopStorage* storage) const {
+  return OopHandle(*this, storage);
+}
+
+inline FlatArrayPayload::Handle::Handle(const FlatArrayPayload& payload, JavaThread* thread)
+    : FlatValuePayload::Handle(payload, thread), _storage(payload._storage) {}
+
+inline FlatArrayPayload FlatArrayPayload::Handle::operator()() const {
+  return FlatArrayPayload(container(),
+                          offset(),
+                          klass(),
+                          layout_kind(),
+                          _storage._layout_helper,
+                          _storage._element_size);
+}
+
+inline flatArrayOop FlatArrayPayload::Handle::container() const {
+  return flatArrayOop(ValuePayload::Handle::container());
+}
+
+inline FlatArrayPayload::Handle FlatArrayPayload::make_handle(JavaThread* thread) const {
+  return Handle(*this, thread);
+}
+
+inline FlatArrayPayload::OopHandle::OopHandle(const FlatArrayPayload& payload, OopStorage* storage)
+    : FlatValuePayload::OopHandle(payload, storage),
+      _storage(payload._storage) {}
+
+inline FlatArrayPayload FlatArrayPayload::OopHandle::operator()() const {
+  return FlatArrayPayload(container(),
+                          offset(),
+                          klass(),
+                          layout_kind(),
+                          _storage._layout_helper,
+                          _storage._element_size);
+}
+
+inline flatArrayOop FlatArrayPayload::OopHandle::container() const {
+  return flatArrayOop(ValuePayload::OopHandle::container());
+}
+
+inline FlatArrayPayload::OopHandle FlatArrayPayload::make_oop_handle(OopStorage* storage) const {
+  return OopHandle(*this, storage);
+}
+
+#endif // SHARE_VM_OOPS_VALUEPAYLOAD_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/addnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/addnode.cpp
index 5520e4ae977..4ac91427eef 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/addnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/addnode.cpp
@@ -866,6 +866,12 @@ const Type *AddPNode::bottom_type() const {
   if (tx->is_con()) {   // Left input is an add of a constant?
     txoffset = tx->get_con();
   }
+  if (tp->isa_aryptr()) {
+    // In the case of a flat inline type array, each field has its
+    // own slice so we need to extract the field being accessed from
+    // the address computation
+    return tp->is_aryptr()->add_field_offset_and_offset(txoffset);
+  }
   return tp->add_offset(txoffset);
 }
 
@@ -886,6 +892,12 @@ const Type* AddPNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
   if (p2->is_con()) {   // Left input is an add of a constant?
     p2offset = p2->get_con();
   }
+  if (p1->isa_aryptr()) {
+    // In the case of a flat inline type array, each field has its
+    // own slice so we need to extract the field being accessed from
+    // the address computation
+    return p1->is_aryptr()->add_field_offset_and_offset(p2offset);
+  }
   return p1->add_offset(p2offset);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/arraycopynode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/arraycopynode.cpp
index 07b9e907b8f..8c94dd41789 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/arraycopynode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/arraycopynode.cpp
@@ -22,12 +22,14 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "ci/ciFlatArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/c2/barrierSetC2.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/c2/cardTableBarrierSetC2.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/gc_globals.hpp"
 #include "opto/arraycopynode.hpp"
 #include "opto/graphKit.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
 
 const TypeFunc* ArrayCopyNode::_arraycopy_type_Type = nullptr;
@@ -113,10 +115,14 @@ intptr_t ArrayCopyNode::get_length_if_constant(PhaseGVN *phase) const {
 }
 
 int ArrayCopyNode::get_count(PhaseGVN *phase) const {
-  Node* src = in(ArrayCopyNode::Src);
-  const Type* src_type = phase->type(src);
-
   if (is_clonebasic()) {
+    Node* src = in(ArrayCopyNode::Src);
+    const Type* src_type = phase->type(src);
+
+    if (src_type == Type::TOP) {
+      return -1;
+    }
+
     if (src_type->isa_instptr()) {
       const TypeInstPtr* inst_src = src_type->is_instptr();
       ciInstanceKlass* ik = inst_src->instance_klass();
@@ -139,6 +145,7 @@ int ArrayCopyNode::get_count(PhaseGVN *phase) const {
       // 3 or 4 elements) might lead to the same length input
       // (e.g. 2 double-words).
       assert(!ary_src->size()->is_con() || (get_length_if_constant(phase) >= 0) ||
+             (UseArrayFlattening && ary_src->elem()->make_oopptr() != nullptr && ary_src->elem()->make_oopptr()->can_be_inline_type()) ||
              phase->is_IterGVN() || phase->C->inlining_incrementally() || StressReflectiveCode, "inconsistent");
       if (ary_src->size()->is_con()) {
         return ary_src->size()->get_con();
@@ -198,6 +205,7 @@ Node* ArrayCopyNode::try_clone_instance(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape, int c
   }
 
   MergeMemNode* mem = phase->transform(MergeMemNode::make(in_mem))->as_MergeMem();
+  phase->record_for_igvn(mem);
   if (can_reshape) {
     phase->is_IterGVN()->_worklist.push(mem);
   }
@@ -310,22 +318,31 @@ bool ArrayCopyNode::prepare_array_copy(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape,
     if (is_reference_type(src_elem, true)) src_elem = T_OBJECT;
     if (is_reference_type(dest_elem, true)) dest_elem = T_OBJECT;
 
-    if (src_elem != dest_elem || dest_elem == T_VOID) {
+    // TODO 8251971 What about atomicity?
+    if (src_elem != dest_elem || ary_src->is_null_free() != ary_dest->is_null_free() || ary_src->is_flat() != ary_dest->is_flat() || dest_elem == T_VOID) {
       // We don't know if arguments are arrays of the same type
       return false;
     }
 
     BarrierSetC2* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2();
-    if (bs->array_copy_requires_gc_barriers(is_alloc_tightly_coupled(), dest_elem, false, false, BarrierSetC2::Optimization)) {
-      // It's an object array copy but we can't emit the card marking
-      // that is needed
+    if ((!ary_dest->is_flat() && bs->array_copy_requires_gc_barriers(is_alloc_tightly_coupled(), dest_elem, false, false, BarrierSetC2::Optimization)) ||
+        (ary_dest->is_flat() && ary_src->elem()->inline_klass()->contains_oops() &&
+         bs->array_copy_requires_gc_barriers(is_alloc_tightly_coupled(), T_OBJECT, false, false, BarrierSetC2::Optimization))) {
+      // It's an object array copy but we can't emit the card marking that is needed
       return false;
     }
 
     value_type = ary_src->elem();
 
     uint shift  = exact_log2(type2aelembytes(dest_elem));
-    uint header = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(dest_elem);
+    if (ary_dest->is_flat()) {
+      assert(ary_src->is_flat(), "src and dest must be flat");
+      shift = ary_src->flat_log_elem_size();
+      src_elem = T_FLAT_ELEMENT;
+      dest_elem = T_FLAT_ELEMENT;
+    }
+
+    const uint header = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(dest_elem);
 
     src_offset = Compile::conv_I2X_index(phase, src_offset, ary_src->size());
     if (src_offset->is_top()) {
@@ -363,13 +380,21 @@ bool ArrayCopyNode::prepare_array_copy(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape,
 
     disjoint_bases = true;
 
+    if (ary_src->elem()->make_oopptr() != nullptr &&
+        ary_src->elem()->make_oopptr()->can_be_inline_type()) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
     BasicType elem = ary_src->isa_aryptr()->elem()->array_element_basic_type();
     if (is_reference_type(elem, true)) {
       elem = T_OBJECT;
     }
 
     BarrierSetC2* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2();
-    if (bs->array_copy_requires_gc_barriers(true, elem, true, is_clone_inst(), BarrierSetC2::Optimization)) {
+    if ((!ary_src->is_flat() && bs->array_copy_requires_gc_barriers(true, elem, true, is_clone_inst(), BarrierSetC2::Optimization)) ||
+        (ary_src->is_flat() && ary_src->elem()->inline_klass()->contains_oops() &&
+         bs->array_copy_requires_gc_barriers(true, T_OBJECT, true, is_clone_inst(), BarrierSetC2::Optimization))) {
+      // It's an object array copy but we can't emit the card marking that is needed
       return false;
     }
 
@@ -393,115 +418,127 @@ bool ArrayCopyNode::prepare_array_copy(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape,
   return true;
 }
 
-const TypePtr* ArrayCopyNode::get_address_type(PhaseGVN* phase, const TypePtr* atp, Node* n) {
+const TypeAryPtr* ArrayCopyNode::get_address_type(PhaseGVN* phase, const TypePtr* atp, Node* n) {
   if (atp == TypeOopPtr::BOTTOM) {
     atp = phase->type(n)->isa_ptr();
   }
   // adjust atp to be the correct array element address type
-  return atp->add_offset(Type::OffsetBot);
+  return atp->add_offset(Type::OffsetBot)->is_aryptr();
 }
 
 const TypePtr* ArrayCopyNode::get_src_adr_type(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
   return get_address_type(phase, _src_type, in(Src));
 }
 
-void ArrayCopyNode::array_copy_test_overlap(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape, bool disjoint_bases, int count, Node*& forward_ctl, Node*& backward_ctl) {
-  Node* ctl = in(TypeFunc::Control);
+void ArrayCopyNode::array_copy_test_overlap(GraphKit& kit, bool disjoint_bases, int count, Node*& backward_ctl) {
+  Node* ctl = kit.control();
   if (!disjoint_bases && count > 1) {
+    PhaseGVN& gvn = kit.gvn();
     Node* src_offset = in(ArrayCopyNode::SrcPos);
     Node* dest_offset = in(ArrayCopyNode::DestPos);
     assert(src_offset != nullptr && dest_offset != nullptr, "should be");
-    Node* cmp = phase->transform(new CmpINode(src_offset, dest_offset));
-    Node *bol = phase->transform(new BoolNode(cmp, BoolTest::lt));
+    Node* cmp = gvn.transform(new CmpINode(src_offset, dest_offset));
+    Node *bol = gvn.transform(new BoolNode(cmp, BoolTest::lt));
     IfNode *iff = new IfNode(ctl, bol, PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
 
-    phase->transform(iff);
+    gvn.transform(iff);
 
-    forward_ctl = phase->transform(new IfFalseNode(iff));
-    backward_ctl = phase->transform(new IfTrueNode(iff));
+    kit.set_control(gvn.transform(new IfFalseNode(iff)));
+    backward_ctl = gvn.transform(new IfTrueNode(iff));
+  }
+}
+
+void ArrayCopyNode::copy(GraphKit& kit,
+                         const TypeAryPtr* atp_src,
+                         const TypeAryPtr* atp_dest,
+                         int i,
+                         Node* base_src,
+                         Node* base_dest,
+                         Node* adr_src,
+                         Node* adr_dest,
+                         BasicType copy_type,
+                         const Type* value_type) {
+  BarrierSetC2* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2();
+  Node* ctl = kit.control();
+  if (atp_dest->is_flat()) {
+    ciInlineKlass* vk = atp_src->elem()->inline_klass();
+    for (int j = 0; j < vk->nof_nonstatic_fields(); j++) {
+      ciField* field = vk->nonstatic_field_at(j);
+      int off_in_vt = field->offset_in_bytes() - vk->payload_offset();
+      Node* off  = kit.MakeConX(off_in_vt + i * atp_src->flat_elem_size());
+      ciType* ft = field->type();
+      BasicType bt = type2field[ft->basic_type()];
+      assert(!field->is_flat(), "flat field encountered");
+      const Type* rt = Type::get_const_type(ft);
+      const TypePtr* adr_type = atp_src->with_field_offset(off_in_vt)->add_offset(Type::OffsetBot);
+      assert(!bs->array_copy_requires_gc_barriers(is_alloc_tightly_coupled(), bt, false, false, BarrierSetC2::Optimization), "GC barriers required");
+      Node* next_src = make_and_transform_addp(&kit.gvn(), base_src, adr_src, off);
+      Node* next_dest = make_and_transform_addp(&kit.gvn(), base_dest, adr_dest, off);
+      Node* v = load(bs, &kit.gvn(), ctl, kit.merged_memory(), next_src, adr_type, rt, bt);
+      store(bs, &kit.gvn(), ctl, kit.merged_memory(), next_dest, adr_type, v, rt, bt);
+    }
   } else {
-    forward_ctl = ctl;
+    Node* off = kit.MakeConX(type2aelembytes(copy_type) * i);
+    Node* next_src = make_and_transform_addp(&kit.gvn(), base_src, adr_src, off);
+    Node* next_dest = make_and_transform_addp(&kit.gvn(), base_dest, adr_dest, off);
+    Node* v = load(bs, &kit.gvn(), ctl, kit.merged_memory(), next_src, atp_src, value_type, copy_type);
+    store(bs, &kit.gvn(), ctl, kit.merged_memory(), next_dest, atp_dest, v, value_type, copy_type);
   }
+  kit.set_control(ctl);
 }
 
-Node* ArrayCopyNode::array_copy_forward(PhaseGVN *phase,
-                                        bool can_reshape,
-                                        Node*& forward_ctl,
-                                        Node* mem,
-                                        const TypePtr* atp_src,
-                                        const TypePtr* atp_dest,
-                                        Node* adr_src,
-                                        Node* base_src,
-                                        Node* adr_dest,
-                                        Node* base_dest,
-                                        BasicType copy_type,
-                                        const Type* value_type,
-                                        int count) {
-  if (!forward_ctl->is_top()) {
-    // copy forward
-    MergeMemNode* mm = MergeMemNode::make(mem);
 
+void ArrayCopyNode::array_copy_forward(GraphKit& kit,
+                                       bool can_reshape,
+                                       const TypeAryPtr* atp_src,
+                                       const TypeAryPtr* atp_dest,
+                                       Node* adr_src,
+                                       Node* base_src,
+                                       Node* adr_dest,
+                                       Node* base_dest,
+                                       BasicType copy_type,
+                                       const Type* value_type,
+                                       int count) {
+  if (!kit.stopped()) {
+    // copy forward
     if (count > 0) {
-      BarrierSetC2* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2();
-      Node* v = load(bs, phase, forward_ctl, mm, adr_src, atp_src, value_type, copy_type);
-      store(bs, phase, forward_ctl, mm, adr_dest, atp_dest, v, value_type, copy_type);
-      for (int i = 1; i < count; i++) {
-        Node* off  = phase->MakeConX(type2aelembytes(copy_type) * i);
-        Node* next_src = make_and_transform_addp(phase, base_src,adr_src,off);
-        Node* next_dest = make_and_transform_addp(phase, base_dest,adr_dest,off);
-        // Same as above
-        phase->set_type(next_dest, next_dest->Value(phase));
-        v = load(bs, phase, forward_ctl, mm, next_src, atp_src, value_type, copy_type);
-        store(bs, phase, forward_ctl, mm, next_dest, atp_dest, v, value_type, copy_type);
+      for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+        copy(kit, atp_src, atp_dest, i, base_src, base_dest, adr_src, adr_dest, copy_type, value_type);
       }
     } else if (can_reshape) {
-      PhaseIterGVN* igvn = phase->is_IterGVN();
-      igvn->_worklist.push(adr_src);
-      igvn->_worklist.push(adr_dest);
+      PhaseGVN& gvn = kit.gvn();
+      assert(gvn.is_IterGVN(), "");
+      gvn.record_for_igvn(adr_src);
+      gvn.record_for_igvn(adr_dest);
     }
-    return mm;
   }
-  return phase->C->top();
 }
 
-Node* ArrayCopyNode::array_copy_backward(PhaseGVN *phase,
-                                         bool can_reshape,
-                                         Node*& backward_ctl,
-                                         Node* mem,
-                                         const TypePtr* atp_src,
-                                         const TypePtr* atp_dest,
-                                         Node* adr_src,
-                                         Node* base_src,
-                                         Node* adr_dest,
-                                         Node* base_dest,
-                                         BasicType copy_type,
-                                         const Type* value_type,
-                                         int count) {
-  if (!backward_ctl->is_top()) {
+void ArrayCopyNode::array_copy_backward(GraphKit& kit,
+                                        bool can_reshape,
+                                        const TypeAryPtr* atp_src,
+                                        const TypeAryPtr* atp_dest,
+                                        Node* adr_src,
+                                        Node* base_src,
+                                        Node* adr_dest,
+                                        Node* base_dest,
+                                        BasicType copy_type,
+                                        const Type* value_type,
+                                        int count) {
+  if (!kit.stopped()) {
     // copy backward
-    MergeMemNode* mm = MergeMemNode::make(mem);
-
-    BarrierSetC2* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2();
-    assert(copy_type != T_OBJECT || !bs->array_copy_requires_gc_barriers(false, T_OBJECT, false, false, BarrierSetC2::Optimization), "only tightly coupled allocations for object arrays");
 
     if (count > 0) {
-      for (int i = count-1; i >= 1; i--) {
-        Node* off  = phase->MakeConX(type2aelembytes(copy_type) * i);
-        Node* next_src = make_and_transform_addp(phase, base_src,adr_src,off);
-        Node* next_dest = make_and_transform_addp(phase, base_dest,adr_dest,off);
-        Node* v = load(bs, phase, backward_ctl, mm, next_src, atp_src, value_type, copy_type);
-        store(bs, phase, backward_ctl, mm, next_dest, atp_dest, v, value_type, copy_type);
+      for (int i = count-1; i >= 0; i--) {
+        copy(kit, atp_src, atp_dest, i, base_src, base_dest, adr_src, adr_dest, copy_type, value_type);
       }
-      Node* v = load(bs, phase, backward_ctl, mm, adr_src, atp_src, value_type, copy_type);
-      store(bs, phase, backward_ctl, mm, adr_dest, atp_dest, v, value_type, copy_type);
-    } else if (can_reshape) {
-      PhaseIterGVN* igvn = phase->is_IterGVN();
-      igvn->_worklist.push(adr_src);
-      igvn->_worklist.push(adr_dest);
+    } else if(can_reshape) {
+      PhaseGVN& gvn = kit.gvn();
+      assert(gvn.is_IterGVN(), "");
+      gvn.record_for_igvn(adr_src);
+      gvn.record_for_igvn(adr_dest);
     }
-    return phase->transform(mm);
   }
-  return phase->C->top();
 }
 
 bool ArrayCopyNode::finish_transform(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape,
@@ -526,17 +563,16 @@ bool ArrayCopyNode::finish_transform(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape,
     } else {
       // replace fallthrough projections of the ArrayCopyNode by the
       // new memory, control and the input IO.
-      CallProjections callprojs;
-      extract_projections(&callprojs, true, false);
+      CallProjections* callprojs = extract_projections(true, false);
 
-      if (callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj != nullptr) {
-        igvn->replace_node(callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj, in(TypeFunc::I_O));
+      if (callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj != nullptr) {
+        igvn->replace_node(callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj, in(TypeFunc::I_O));
       }
-      if (callprojs.fallthrough_memproj != nullptr) {
-        igvn->replace_node(callprojs.fallthrough_memproj, mem);
+      if (callprojs->fallthrough_memproj != nullptr) {
+        igvn->replace_node(callprojs->fallthrough_memproj, mem);
       }
-      if (callprojs.fallthrough_catchproj != nullptr) {
-        igvn->replace_node(callprojs.fallthrough_catchproj, ctl);
+      if (callprojs->fallthrough_catchproj != nullptr) {
+        igvn->replace_node(callprojs->fallthrough_catchproj, ctl);
       }
 
       // The ArrayCopyNode is not disconnected. It still has the
@@ -561,7 +597,11 @@ bool ArrayCopyNode::finish_transform(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape,
 
 
 Node *ArrayCopyNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
-  if (remove_dead_region(phase, can_reshape))  return this;
+  // Perform any generic optimizations first
+  Node* result = SafePointNode::Ideal(phase, can_reshape);
+  if (result != nullptr) {
+    return result;
+  }
 
   if (StressArrayCopyMacroNode && !can_reshape) {
     phase->record_for_igvn(this);
@@ -603,6 +643,17 @@ Node *ArrayCopyNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
     return nullptr;
   }
 
+  Node* src = in(ArrayCopyNode::Src);
+  Node* dest = in(ArrayCopyNode::Dest);
+  const Type* src_type = phase->type(src);
+  const Type* dest_type = phase->type(dest);
+
+  if (src_type->isa_aryptr() && dest_type->isa_instptr()) {
+    // clone used for load of unknown inline type can't be optimized at
+    // this point
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
   Node* mem = try_clone_instance(phase, can_reshape, count);
   if (mem != nullptr) {
     return (mem == NodeSentinel) ? nullptr : mem;
@@ -616,14 +667,12 @@ Node *ArrayCopyNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
   const Type* value_type = nullptr;
   bool disjoint_bases = false;
 
-  Node* src = in(ArrayCopyNode::Src);
-  Node* dest = in(ArrayCopyNode::Dest);
   // EA may have moved an input to a new slice. EA stores the new address types in the ArrayCopy node itself
   // (_src_type/_dest_type). phase->type(src) and _src_type or phase->type(dest) and _dest_type may be different
   // when this transformation runs if igvn hasn't had a chance to propagate the new types yet. Make sure the new
   // types are taken into account so new Load/Store nodes are created on the right slice.
-  const TypePtr* atp_src = get_address_type(phase, _src_type, src);
-  const TypePtr* atp_dest = get_address_type(phase, _dest_type, dest);
+  const TypeAryPtr* atp_src = get_address_type(phase, _src_type, src);
+  const TypeAryPtr* atp_dest = get_address_type(phase, _dest_type, dest);
   phase->set_type(src, phase->type(src)->join_speculative(atp_src));
   phase->set_type(dest, phase->type(dest)->join_speculative(atp_dest));
 
@@ -650,49 +699,69 @@ Node *ArrayCopyNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
     return nullptr;
   }
 
-  Node* in_mem = in(TypeFunc::Memory);
+  JVMState* new_jvms = nullptr;
+  SafePointNode* new_map = nullptr;
+  if (!is_clonebasic()) {
+    new_jvms = jvms()->clone_shallow(phase->C);
+    new_map = new SafePointNode(req(), new_jvms);
+    for (uint i = TypeFunc::FramePtr; i < req(); i++) {
+      new_map->init_req(i, in(i));
+    }
+    new_jvms->set_map(new_map);
+  } else {
+    new_jvms = new (phase->C) JVMState(0);
+    new_map = new SafePointNode(TypeFunc::Parms, new_jvms);
+    new_jvms->set_map(new_map);
+  }
+  new_map->set_control(in(TypeFunc::Control));
+  new_map->set_memory(MergeMemNode::make(in(TypeFunc::Memory)));
+  new_map->set_i_o(in(TypeFunc::I_O));
+  phase->record_for_igvn(new_map);
 
+  GraphKit kit(new_jvms, phase);
+
+  SafePointNode* backward_map = nullptr;
+  SafePointNode* forward_map = nullptr;
   Node* backward_ctl = phase->C->top();
-  Node* forward_ctl = phase->C->top();
-  array_copy_test_overlap(phase, can_reshape, disjoint_bases, count, forward_ctl, backward_ctl);
-
-  Node* forward_mem = array_copy_forward(phase, can_reshape, forward_ctl,
-                                         in_mem,
-                                         atp_src, atp_dest,
-                                         adr_src, base_src, adr_dest, base_dest,
-                                         copy_type, value_type, count);
-
-  Node* backward_mem = array_copy_backward(phase, can_reshape, backward_ctl,
-                                           in_mem,
-                                           atp_src, atp_dest,
-                                           adr_src, base_src, adr_dest, base_dest,
-                                           copy_type, value_type, count);
-
-  Node* ctl = nullptr;
-  if (!forward_ctl->is_top() && !backward_ctl->is_top()) {
-    ctl = new RegionNode(3);
-    ctl->init_req(1, forward_ctl);
-    ctl->init_req(2, backward_ctl);
-    ctl = phase->transform(ctl);
-    MergeMemNode* forward_mm = forward_mem->as_MergeMem();
-    MergeMemNode* backward_mm = backward_mem->as_MergeMem();
-    for (MergeMemStream mms(forward_mm, backward_mm); mms.next_non_empty2(); ) {
-      if (mms.memory() != mms.memory2()) {
-        Node* phi = new PhiNode(ctl, Type::MEMORY, phase->C->get_adr_type(mms.alias_idx()));
-        phi->init_req(1, mms.memory());
-        phi->init_req(2, mms.memory2());
-        phi = phase->transform(phi);
-        mms.set_memory(phi);
-      }
-    }
-    mem = forward_mem;
-  } else if (!forward_ctl->is_top()) {
-    ctl = forward_ctl;
-    mem = forward_mem;
+
+  array_copy_test_overlap(kit, disjoint_bases, count, backward_ctl);
+
+  {
+    PreserveJVMState pjvms(&kit);
+
+    array_copy_forward(kit, can_reshape,
+                       atp_src, atp_dest,
+                       adr_src, base_src, adr_dest, base_dest,
+                       copy_type, value_type, count);
+
+    forward_map = kit.stop();
+  }
+
+  kit.set_control(backward_ctl);
+  array_copy_backward(kit, can_reshape,
+                      atp_src, atp_dest,
+                      adr_src, base_src, adr_dest, base_dest,
+                      copy_type, value_type, count);
+
+  backward_map = kit.stop();
+
+  if (!forward_map->control()->is_top() && !backward_map->control()->is_top()) {
+    assert(forward_map->i_o() == backward_map->i_o(), "need a phi on IO?");
+    Node* ctl = new RegionNode(3);
+    Node* mem = new PhiNode(ctl, Type::MEMORY, TypePtr::BOTTOM);
+    kit.set_map(forward_map);
+    ctl->init_req(1, kit.control());
+    mem->init_req(1, kit.reset_memory());
+    kit.set_map(backward_map);
+    ctl->init_req(2, kit.control());
+    mem->init_req(2, kit.reset_memory());
+    kit.set_control(phase->transform(ctl));
+    kit.set_all_memory(phase->transform(mem));
+  } else if (!forward_map->control()->is_top()) {
+    kit.set_map(forward_map);
   } else {
-    assert(!backward_ctl->is_top(), "no copy?");
-    ctl = backward_ctl;
-    mem = backward_mem;
+    assert(!backward_map->control()->is_top(), "no copy?");
+    kit.set_map(backward_map);
   }
 
   if (can_reshape) {
@@ -700,8 +769,11 @@ Node *ArrayCopyNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
     phase->is_IterGVN()->set_delay_transform(false);
   }
 
-  if (!finish_transform(phase, can_reshape, ctl, mem)) {
-    if (can_reshape) {
+  mem = kit.map()->memory();
+  if (!finish_transform(phase, can_reshape, kit.control(), mem)) {
+    if (!can_reshape) {
+      phase->record_for_igvn(this);
+    } else {
       // put in worklist, so that if it happens to be dead it is removed
       phase->is_IterGVN()->_worklist.push(mem);
     }
@@ -798,13 +870,20 @@ bool ArrayCopyNode::modifies(intptr_t offset_lo, intptr_t offset_hi, PhaseValues
   BasicType ary_elem = ary_t->isa_aryptr()->elem()->array_element_basic_type();
   if (is_reference_type(ary_elem, true)) ary_elem = T_OBJECT;
 
-  uint header = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(ary_elem);
-  uint elemsize = type2aelembytes(ary_elem);
+  uint header;
+  uint elem_size;
+  if (ary_t->is_flat()) {
+    header = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_FLAT_ELEMENT);
+    elem_size = ary_t->flat_elem_size();
+  } else {
+    header = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(ary_elem);
+    elem_size = type2aelembytes(ary_elem);
+  }
 
-  jlong dest_pos_plus_len_lo = (((jlong)dest_pos_t->_lo) + len_t->_lo) * elemsize + header;
-  jlong dest_pos_plus_len_hi = (((jlong)dest_pos_t->_hi) + len_t->_hi) * elemsize + header;
-  jlong dest_pos_lo = ((jlong)dest_pos_t->_lo) * elemsize + header;
-  jlong dest_pos_hi = ((jlong)dest_pos_t->_hi) * elemsize + header;
+  jlong dest_pos_plus_len_lo = (((jlong)dest_pos_t->_lo) + len_t->_lo) * elem_size + header;
+  jlong dest_pos_plus_len_hi = (((jlong)dest_pos_t->_hi) + len_t->_hi) * elem_size + header;
+  jlong dest_pos_lo = ((jlong)dest_pos_t->_lo) * elem_size + header;
+  jlong dest_pos_hi = ((jlong)dest_pos_t->_hi) * elem_size + header;
 
   if (must_modify) {
     if (offset_lo >= dest_pos_hi && offset_hi < dest_pos_plus_len_lo) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/arraycopynode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/arraycopynode.hpp
index aa62ee05cd0..d02c860919f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/arraycopynode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/arraycopynode.hpp
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ class ArrayCopyNode : public CallNode {
 
   intptr_t get_length_if_constant(PhaseGVN *phase) const;
   int get_count(PhaseGVN *phase) const;
-  static const TypePtr* get_address_type(PhaseGVN* phase, const TypePtr* atp, Node* n);
+  static const TypeAryPtr* get_address_type(PhaseGVN* phase, const TypePtr* atp, Node* n);
 
   Node* try_clone_instance(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape, int count);
 
@@ -111,21 +111,23 @@ class ArrayCopyNode : public CallNode {
   bool prepare_array_copy(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape,
                           Node*& adr_src, Node*& base_src, Node*& adr_dest, Node*& base_dest,
                           BasicType& copy_type, const Type*& value_type, bool& disjoint_bases);
-  void array_copy_test_overlap(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape,
+  void array_copy_test_overlap(GraphKit& kit,
                                bool disjoint_bases, int count,
-                               Node*& forward_ctl, Node*& backward_ctl);
-  Node* array_copy_forward(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape, Node*& ctl,
-                           Node* mem,
-                           const TypePtr* atp_src, const TypePtr* atp_dest,
+                               Node*& backward_ctl);
+  void array_copy_forward(GraphKit& kit, bool can_reshape,
+                          const TypeAryPtr* atp_src, const TypeAryPtr* atp_dest,
+                          Node* adr_src, Node* base_src, Node* adr_dest, Node* base_dest,
+                          BasicType copy_type, const Type* value_type, int count);
+  void array_copy_backward(GraphKit& kit, bool can_reshape,
+                           const TypeAryPtr* atp_src, const TypeAryPtr* atp_dest,
                            Node* adr_src, Node* base_src, Node* adr_dest, Node* base_dest,
                            BasicType copy_type, const Type* value_type, int count);
-  Node* array_copy_backward(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape, Node*& ctl,
-                            Node* mem,
-                            const TypePtr* atp_src, const TypePtr* atp_dest,
-                            Node* adr_src, Node* base_src, Node* adr_dest, Node* base_dest,
-                            BasicType copy_type, const Type* value_type, int count);
   bool finish_transform(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape,
                         Node* ctl, Node *mem);
+  void copy(GraphKit& kit, const TypeAryPtr* atp_src, const TypeAryPtr* atp_dest, int i,
+            Node* base_src, Node* base_dest, Node* adr_src, Node* adr_dest,
+            BasicType copy_type, const Type* value_type);
+
   static bool may_modify_helper(const TypeOopPtr* t_oop, Node* n, PhaseValues* phase, ArrayCopyNode*& ac);
 public:
   static Node* load(BarrierSetC2* bs, PhaseGVN *phase, Node*& ctl, MergeMemNode* mem, Node* addr, const TypePtr* adr_type, const Type *type, BasicType bt);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/buildOopMap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/buildOopMap.cpp
index e3a94f78d9c..3f165e98ed2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/buildOopMap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/buildOopMap.cpp
@@ -264,12 +264,12 @@ OopMap *OopFlow::build_oop_map( Node *n, int max_reg, PhaseRegAlloc *regalloc, i
         regalloc->C->record_method_not_compilable(ss.as_string());
         continue;
       }
-      if( t->is_ptr()->_offset == 0 ) { // Not derived?
+      if (t->is_ptr()->offset() == 0) { // Not derived?
         if( mcall ) {
           // Outgoing argument GC mask responsibility belongs to the callee,
           // not the caller.  Inspect the inputs to the call, to see if
           // this live-range is one of them.
-          uint cnt = mcall->tf()->domain()->cnt();
+          uint cnt = mcall->tf()->domain_cc()->cnt();
           uint j;
           for( j = TypeFunc::Parms; j < cnt; j++)
             if( mcall->in(j) == def )
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ OopMap *OopFlow::build_oop_map( Node *n, int max_reg, PhaseRegAlloc *regalloc, i
           // Outgoing argument GC mask responsibility belongs to the callee,
           // not the caller.  Inspect the inputs to the call, to see if
           // this live-range is one of them.
-        uint cnt = mcall->tf()->domain()->cnt();
+        uint cnt = mcall->tf()->domain_cc()->cnt();
         uint j;
         for( j = TypeFunc::Parms; j < cnt; j++)
           if( mcall->in(j) == def )
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/bytecodeInfo.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/bytecodeInfo.cpp
index 1baf76f00cd..4a2b5d93cd6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/bytecodeInfo.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/bytecodeInfo.cpp
@@ -86,10 +86,10 @@ static bool is_init_with_ea(ciMethod* callee_method,
   if (!C->do_escape_analysis() || !EliminateAllocations) {
     return false; // EA is off
   }
-  if (callee_method->is_object_initializer()) {
+  if (callee_method->is_object_constructor()) {
     return true; // constructor
   }
-  if (caller_method->is_object_initializer() &&
+  if ((caller_method->is_object_constructor() || caller_method->is_class_initializer()) &&
       caller_method != C->method() &&
       caller_method->holder()->is_subclass_of(callee_method->holder())) {
     return true; // super constructor is called from inlined constructor
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
index 9ff88e8c310..6e25c18fd71 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
@@ -890,6 +890,12 @@
           "profiling data. "                                                \
           "Requires UseLoopPredicate to be turned on (default).")           \
                                                                             \
+  product(bool, UseArrayLoadStoreProfile, true, DIAGNOSTIC,                 \
+          "Take advantage of profiling at array load/store")                \
+                                                                            \
+  product(bool, UseACmpProfile, true, DIAGNOSTIC,                           \
+          "Take advantage of profiling at if_acmp<cond>")                   \
+                                                                            \
   develop(uintx, StressLongCountedLoop, 0,                                  \
           "if > 0, convert int counted loops to long counted loops"         \
           "to stress handling of long counted loops: run inner loop"        \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2compiler.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2compiler.cpp
index bf434030499..9196d91b47b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2compiler.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2compiler.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
+#include "classfile/vmIntrinsics.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compilationMemoryStatistic.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compilerDefinitions.inline.hpp"
 #include "jfr/support/jfrIntrinsics.hpp"
@@ -31,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "opto/optoreg.hpp"
 #include "opto/output.hpp"
 #include "opto/runtime.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
@@ -667,6 +669,7 @@ bool C2Compiler::is_intrinsic_supported(vmIntrinsics::ID id) {
   case vmIntrinsics::_getLong:
   case vmIntrinsics::_getFloat:
   case vmIntrinsics::_getDouble:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_getFlatValue:
   case vmIntrinsics::_putReference:
   case vmIntrinsics::_putBoolean:
   case vmIntrinsics::_putByte:
@@ -676,6 +679,7 @@ bool C2Compiler::is_intrinsic_supported(vmIntrinsics::ID id) {
   case vmIntrinsics::_putLong:
   case vmIntrinsics::_putFloat:
   case vmIntrinsics::_putDouble:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_putFlatValue:
   case vmIntrinsics::_getReferenceVolatile:
   case vmIntrinsics::_getBooleanVolatile:
   case vmIntrinsics::_getByteVolatile:
@@ -742,6 +746,10 @@ bool C2Compiler::is_intrinsic_supported(vmIntrinsics::ID id) {
   case vmIntrinsics::_storeFence:
   case vmIntrinsics::_storeStoreFence:
   case vmIntrinsics::_fullFence:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_arrayInstanceBaseOffset:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_arrayInstanceIndexScale:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_arrayLayout:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_getFieldMap:
   case vmIntrinsics::_currentCarrierThread:
   case vmIntrinsics::_currentThread:
   case vmIntrinsics::_setCurrentThread:
@@ -760,6 +768,12 @@ bool C2Compiler::is_intrinsic_supported(vmIntrinsics::ID id) {
   case vmIntrinsics::_allocateInstance:
   case vmIntrinsics::_allocateUninitializedArray:
   case vmIntrinsics::_newArray:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_newNullRestrictedAtomicArray:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_newNullableAtomicArray:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_isFlatArray:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_isNullRestrictedArray:
+  case vmIntrinsics::_isAtomicArray:
   case vmIntrinsics::_getLength:
   case vmIntrinsics::_copyOf:
   case vmIntrinsics::_copyOfRange:
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callGenerator.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callGenerator.cpp
index 10df25abcb8..6b4bbce3d87 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callGenerator.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callGenerator.cpp
@@ -29,11 +29,13 @@
 #include "ci/ciObjArray.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compileLog.hpp"
+#include "oops/accessDecorators.hpp"
 #include "opto/addnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/callGenerator.hpp"
 #include "opto/callnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/castnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/cfgnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/parse.hpp"
 #include "opto/rootnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/runtime.hpp"
@@ -60,6 +62,34 @@ bool CallGenerator::is_inlined_method_handle_intrinsic(ciMethod* symbolic_info,
   return symbolic_info->is_method_handle_intrinsic() && !m->is_method_handle_intrinsic();
 }
 
+// If late inlining for this call happens in a dead part of the graph it can leave a dead loop behind
+void CallGenerator::mark_projs_not_dead_loop_safe(Node* ret) const {
+  if (!is_late_inline()) {
+    return;
+  }
+  CallNode* call = call_node();
+  if (ret->is_Proj() && ret->in(0) == call) {
+    ret->mark_not_dead_loop_safe();
+  } else if (ret->isa_InlineType()) {
+    InlineTypeNode* vt = ret->as_InlineType();
+    Node* oop = vt->get_oop();
+    if (oop->is_Proj() && oop->in(0) == call) {
+      oop->mark_not_dead_loop_safe();
+    }
+    Node* null_marker = vt->get_null_marker();
+    if (null_marker->is_Proj() && null_marker->in(0) == call) {
+      null_marker->mark_not_dead_loop_safe();
+    }
+
+    for (uint i = 0; i < vt->field_count(); i++) {
+      Node* field = vt->field_value(i);
+      if (field->is_Proj() && field->in(0) == call) {
+        field->mark_not_dead_loop_safe();
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 //-----------------------------ParseGenerator---------------------------------
 // Internal class which handles all direct bytecode traversal.
 class ParseGenerator : public InlineCallGenerator {
@@ -118,7 +148,7 @@ class DirectCallGenerator : public CallGenerator {
  private:
   CallStaticJavaNode* _call_node;
   // Force separate memory and I/O projections for the exceptional
-  // paths to facilitate late inlinig.
+  // paths to facilitate late inlining.
   bool                _separate_io_proj;
 
 protected:
@@ -127,8 +157,17 @@ class DirectCallGenerator : public CallGenerator {
  public:
   DirectCallGenerator(ciMethod* method, bool separate_io_proj)
     : CallGenerator(method),
+      _call_node(nullptr),
       _separate_io_proj(separate_io_proj)
   {
+    if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields && method->is_method_handle_intrinsic()) {
+      // If that call has not been optimized by the time optimizations are over,
+      // we'll need to add a call to create an inline type instance from the klass
+      // returned by the call (see PhaseMacroExpand::expand_mh_intrinsic_return).
+      // Separating memory and I/O projections for exceptions is required to
+      // perform that graph transformation.
+      _separate_io_proj = true;
+    }
   }
   virtual JVMState* generate(JVMState* jvms);
 
@@ -173,9 +212,8 @@ JVMState* DirectCallGenerator::generate(JVMState* jvms) {
   kit.set_arguments_for_java_call(call);
   kit.set_edges_for_java_call(call, false, _separate_io_proj);
   Node* ret = kit.set_results_for_java_call(call, _separate_io_proj);
-  if (is_late_inline() && !call->is_boxing_method() && ret->is_Proj()) {
-    // If late inlining for this call happens in a dead part of the graph it can leave a dead loop behind
-    ret->mark_not_dead_loop_safe();
+  if (!call->is_boxing_method()) {
+    mark_projs_not_dead_loop_safe(ret);
   }
   kit.push_node(method()->return_type()->basic_type(), ret);
   return kit.transfer_exceptions_into_jvms();
@@ -215,7 +253,6 @@ class VirtualCallGenerator : public CallGenerator {
 JVMState* VirtualCallGenerator::generate(JVMState* jvms) {
   GraphKit kit(jvms);
   Node* receiver = kit.argument(0);
-
   if (kit.C->log() != nullptr) {
     kit.C->log()->elem("virtual_call bci='%d'", jvms->bci());
   }
@@ -275,10 +312,7 @@ JVMState* VirtualCallGenerator::generate(JVMState* jvms) {
   kit.set_arguments_for_java_call(call);
   kit.set_edges_for_java_call(call, false /*must_throw*/, _separate_io_proj);
   Node* ret = kit.set_results_for_java_call(call, _separate_io_proj);
-  if (is_late_inline() && ret->is_Proj()) {
-    // If late inlining for this call happens in a dead part of the graph it can leave a dead loop behind
-    ret->mark_not_dead_loop_safe();
-  }
+  mark_projs_not_dead_loop_safe(ret);
   kit.push_node(method()->return_type()->basic_type(), ret);
 
   // Represent the effect of an implicit receiver null_check
@@ -361,6 +395,10 @@ class LateInlineCallGenerator : public DirectCallGenerator {
     return _unique_id;
   }
 
+  virtual CallGenerator* inline_cg() {
+    return _inline_cg;
+  }
+
   virtual CallGenerator* with_call_node(CallNode* call) {
     LateInlineCallGenerator* cg = new LateInlineCallGenerator(method(), _inline_cg, _is_pure_call);
     cg->set_call_node(call->as_CallStaticJava());
@@ -422,6 +460,14 @@ bool LateInlineMHCallGenerator::do_late_inline_check(Compile* C, JVMState* jvms)
   assert(!input_not_const, "sanity"); // shouldn't have been scheduled for inlining in the first place
 
   if (cg != nullptr) {
+    // AlwaysIncrementalInline causes for_method_handle_inline() to
+    // return a LateInlineCallGenerator. Extract the
+    // InlineCallGenerator from it.
+    if (AlwaysIncrementalInline && cg->is_late_inline() && !cg->is_virtual_late_inline()) {
+      cg = cg->inline_cg();
+      assert(cg != nullptr, "inline call generator expected");
+    }
+
     if (!allow_inline) {
       C->inline_printer()->record(cg->method(), call_node()->jvms(), InliningResult::FAILURE,
                                   "late method handle call resolution");
@@ -582,9 +628,9 @@ void CallGenerator::do_late_inline_helper() {
     return;
   }
 
-  const TypeTuple *r = call->tf()->domain();
-  for (int i1 = 0; i1 < method()->arg_size(); i1++) {
-    if (call->in(TypeFunc::Parms + i1)->is_top() && r->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms + i1) != Type::HALF) {
+  const TypeTuple* r = call->tf()->domain_cc();
+  for (uint i1 = TypeFunc::Parms; i1 < r->cnt(); i1++) {
+    if (call->in(i1)->is_top() && r->field_at(i1) != Type::HALF) {
       assert(Compile::current()->inlining_incrementally(), "shouldn't happen during parsing");
       return;
     }
@@ -602,19 +648,17 @@ void CallGenerator::do_late_inline_helper() {
   }
 
   // check for unreachable loop
-  CallProjections callprojs;
   // Similar to incremental inlining, don't assert that all call
   // projections are still there for post-parse call devirtualization.
   bool do_asserts = !is_mh_late_inline() && !is_virtual_late_inline();
-  call->extract_projections(&callprojs, true, do_asserts);
-  if ((callprojs.fallthrough_catchproj == call->in(0)) ||
-      (callprojs.catchall_catchproj    == call->in(0)) ||
-      (callprojs.fallthrough_memproj   == call->in(TypeFunc::Memory)) ||
-      (callprojs.catchall_memproj      == call->in(TypeFunc::Memory)) ||
-      (callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj    == call->in(TypeFunc::I_O)) ||
-      (callprojs.catchall_ioproj       == call->in(TypeFunc::I_O)) ||
-      (callprojs.resproj != nullptr && call->find_edge(callprojs.resproj) != -1) ||
-      (callprojs.exobj   != nullptr && call->find_edge(callprojs.exobj) != -1)) {
+  CallProjections* callprojs = call->extract_projections(true, do_asserts);
+  if ((callprojs->fallthrough_catchproj == call->in(0)) ||
+      (callprojs->catchall_catchproj    == call->in(0)) ||
+      (callprojs->fallthrough_memproj   == call->in(TypeFunc::Memory)) ||
+      (callprojs->catchall_memproj      == call->in(TypeFunc::Memory)) ||
+      (callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj    == call->in(TypeFunc::I_O)) ||
+      (callprojs->catchall_ioproj       == call->in(TypeFunc::I_O)) ||
+      (callprojs->exobj != nullptr && call->find_edge(callprojs->exobj) != -1)) {
     return;
   }
 
@@ -638,11 +682,22 @@ void CallGenerator::do_late_inline_helper() {
     C->remove_macro_node(call);
   }
 
-  // The call is marked as pure (no important side effects), but result isn't used.
-  // It's safe to remove the call.
-  bool result_not_used = (callprojs.resproj == nullptr || callprojs.resproj->outcnt() == 0);
+
+  bool result_not_used = true;
+  for (uint i = 0; i < callprojs->nb_resproj; i++) {
+    if (callprojs->resproj[i] != nullptr) {
+      if (callprojs->resproj[i]->outcnt() != 0) {
+        result_not_used = false;
+      }
+      if (call->find_edge(callprojs->resproj[i]) != -1) {
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+  }
 
   if (is_pure_call() && result_not_used) {
+    // The call is marked as pure (no important side effects), but result isn't used.
+    // It's safe to remove the call.
     GraphKit kit(call->jvms());
     kit.replace_call(call, C->top(), true, do_asserts);
   } else {
@@ -661,18 +716,17 @@ void CallGenerator::do_late_inline_helper() {
     precond(ret_adr != nullptr);
     map->set_req(TypeFunc::ReturnAdr, ret_adr);
 
+    PhaseGVN& gvn = *C->initial_gvn();
     // Make sure the state is a MergeMem for parsing.
     if (!map->in(TypeFunc::Memory)->is_MergeMem()) {
       Node* mem = MergeMemNode::make(map->in(TypeFunc::Memory));
-      C->initial_gvn()->set_type_bottom(mem);
+      gvn.set_type_bottom(mem);
       map->set_req(TypeFunc::Memory, mem);
     }
 
-    uint nargs = method()->arg_size();
     // blow away old call arguments
-    Node* top = C->top();
-    for (uint i1 = 0; i1 < nargs; i1++) {
-      map->set_req(TypeFunc::Parms + i1, top);
+    for (uint i1 = TypeFunc::Parms; i1 < r->cnt(); i1++) {
+      map->set_req(i1, C->top());
     }
     jvms->set_map(map);
     precond(ret_adr == jvms->map()->returnadr());
@@ -680,8 +734,30 @@ void CallGenerator::do_late_inline_helper() {
     // Make enough space in the expression stack to transfer
     // the incoming arguments and return value.
     map->ensure_stack(jvms, jvms->method()->max_stack());
+    const TypeTuple* domain_sig = call->_tf->domain_sig();
+    uint nargs = method()->arg_size();
+    assert(domain_sig->cnt() - TypeFunc::Parms == nargs, "inconsistent signature");
+
+    uint j = TypeFunc::Parms;
+    int arg_num = 0;
     for (uint i1 = 0; i1 < nargs; i1++) {
-      map->set_argument(jvms, i1, call->in(TypeFunc::Parms + i1));
+      const Type* t = domain_sig->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms + i1);
+      if (t->is_inlinetypeptr() && !method()->mismatch() && method()->is_scalarized_arg(arg_num)) {
+        // Inline type arguments are not passed by reference: we get an argument per
+        // field of the inline type. Build InlineTypeNodes from the inline type arguments.
+        GraphKit arg_kit(jvms, &gvn);
+        Node* vt = InlineTypeNode::make_from_multi(&arg_kit, call, t->inline_klass(), j, /* in= */ true, /* null_free= */ !t->maybe_null());
+        // GraphKit::access_load_at() may be called from InlineTypeNode::make_from_multi() and it may change the map
+        // that arg_kit uses.
+        map = arg_kit.map();
+        map->set_control(arg_kit.control());
+        map->set_argument(jvms, i1, vt);
+      } else {
+        map->set_argument(jvms, i1, call->in(j++));
+      }
+      if (t != Type::HALF) {
+        arg_num++;
+      }
     }
 
     C->log_late_inline(this);
@@ -692,6 +768,28 @@ void CallGenerator::do_late_inline_helper() {
       return;
     }
 
+    // Check if we are late inlining a method handle call that returns an inline type as fields.
+    Node* buffer_oop = nullptr;
+    ciMethod* inline_method = inline_cg()->method();
+    ciType* return_type = inline_method->return_type();
+    if (!call->tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields() &&
+        return_type->is_inlinetype() && return_type->as_inline_klass()->can_be_returned_as_fields()) {
+      assert(is_mh_late_inline(), "Unexpected return type");
+
+      // Allocate a buffer for the inline type returned as fields because the caller expects an oop return.
+      // Do this before the method handle call in case the buffer allocation triggers deoptimization and
+      // we need to "re-execute" the call in the interpreter (to make sure the call is only executed once).
+      GraphKit arg_kit(jvms, &gvn);
+      {
+        PreserveReexecuteState preexecs(&arg_kit);
+        arg_kit.jvms()->set_should_reexecute(true);
+        arg_kit.inc_sp(nargs);
+        Node* klass_node = arg_kit.makecon(TypeKlassPtr::make(return_type->as_inline_klass()));
+        buffer_oop = arg_kit.new_instance(klass_node, nullptr, nullptr, /* deoptimize_on_exception */ true);
+      }
+      jvms = arg_kit.transfer_exceptions_into_jvms();
+    }
+
     // Setup default node notes to be picked up by the inlining
     Node_Notes* old_nn = C->node_notes_at(call->_idx);
     if (old_nn != nullptr) {
@@ -718,8 +816,8 @@ void CallGenerator::do_late_inline_helper() {
     }
 
     if (inline_cg()->is_inline()) {
-      C->set_has_loops(C->has_loops() || inline_cg()->method()->has_loops());
-      C->env()->notice_inlined_method(inline_cg()->method());
+      C->set_has_loops(C->has_loops() || inline_method->has_loops());
+      C->env()->notice_inlined_method(inline_method);
     }
     C->set_inlining_progress(true);
 
@@ -737,9 +835,67 @@ void CallGenerator::do_late_inline_helper() {
             call->as_CallStaticJava()->is_boxing_method()) {
           result = kit.must_be_not_null(result, false);
         }
-        // Limit result type propagation until next IGVN cleanup.
-        const Type* result_type = kit.gvn().type(callprojs.resproj);
-        result = kit.gvn().transform(new OpaqueParseNode(C, result, result_type));
+        // Handle inline type returns
+        InlineTypeNode* vt = result->isa_InlineType();
+        if (vt != nullptr) {
+          if (call->tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields()) {
+            vt->replace_call_results(&kit, call, C);
+          } else {
+            // Result might still be allocated (for example, if it has been stored to a non-flat field)
+            if (!vt->is_allocated(&kit.gvn())) {
+              assert(buffer_oop != nullptr, "should have allocated a buffer");
+              RegionNode* region = new RegionNode(3);
+
+              // Check if result is null
+              Node* null_ctl = kit.top();
+              kit.null_check_common(vt->get_null_marker(), T_INT, false, &null_ctl);
+              region->init_req(1, null_ctl);
+              PhiNode* oop = PhiNode::make(region, kit.gvn().zerocon(T_OBJECT), TypeInstPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, vt->type()->inline_klass()));
+              Node* init_mem = kit.reset_memory();
+              PhiNode* mem = PhiNode::make(region, init_mem, Type::MEMORY, TypePtr::BOTTOM);
+
+              // Not null, initialize the buffer
+              kit.set_all_memory(init_mem);
+
+              Node* payload_ptr = kit.basic_plus_adr(buffer_oop, kit.gvn().type(vt)->inline_klass()->payload_offset());
+              vt->store_flat(&kit, buffer_oop, payload_ptr, false, true, true, IN_HEAP | MO_UNORDERED);
+              // Do not let stores that initialize this buffer be reordered with a subsequent
+              // store that would make this buffer accessible by other threads.
+              AllocateNode* alloc = AllocateNode::Ideal_allocation(buffer_oop);
+              assert(alloc != nullptr, "must have an allocation node");
+              kit.insert_mem_bar(Op_MemBarStoreStore, alloc->proj_out_or_null(AllocateNode::RawAddress));
+              region->init_req(2, kit.control());
+              oop->init_req(2, buffer_oop);
+              mem->init_req(2, kit.merged_memory());
+
+              // Update oop input to buffer
+              kit.gvn().hash_delete(vt);
+              vt->set_oop(kit.gvn(), kit.gvn().transform(oop));
+              vt->set_is_buffered(kit.gvn());
+              vt = kit.gvn().transform(vt)->as_InlineType();
+
+              kit.set_control(kit.gvn().transform(region));
+              kit.set_all_memory(kit.gvn().transform(mem));
+              kit.record_for_igvn(region);
+              kit.record_for_igvn(oop);
+              kit.record_for_igvn(mem);
+            }
+            result = vt;
+          }
+          DEBUG_ONLY(buffer_oop = nullptr);
+        } else {
+          assert(!call->tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields() || !call->as_CallJava()->method()->return_type()->is_loaded(), "Unexpected return value");
+        }
+        assert(buffer_oop == nullptr, "unused buffer allocation");
+
+        // Note: scalarized results are guarded per projection
+        if (!call->tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields()) {
+          assert(callprojs->nb_resproj == 1 && callprojs->resproj[0] != nullptr,
+                 "single result projection expected");
+          // Limit result type propagation until next IGVN cleanup.
+          const Type* result_type = kit.gvn().type(callprojs->resproj[0]);
+          result = kit.gvn().transform(new OpaqueParseNode(C, result, result_type));
+        }
       }
     }
 
@@ -1005,6 +1161,12 @@ JVMState* PredictedCallGenerator::generate(JVMState* jvms) {
     Node* m = kit.map()->in(i);
     Node* n = slow_map->in(i);
     if (m != n) {
+#ifdef ASSERT
+      if (m->is_InlineType() != n->is_InlineType()) {
+        InlineTypeNode* unique_vt = m->is_InlineType() ? m->as_InlineType() : n->as_InlineType();
+        assert(unique_vt->is_allocated(&gvn), "InlineType can be merged with an oop only if it is allocated");
+      }
+#endif
       const Type* t = gvn.type(m)->meet_speculative(gvn.type(n));
       Node* phi = PhiNode::make(region, m, t);
       phi->set_req(2, n);
@@ -1032,8 +1194,8 @@ CallGenerator* CallGenerator::for_method_handle_call(JVMState* jvms, ciMethod* c
   ciCallProfile profile = caller->call_profile_at_bci(bci);
   int call_site_count = caller->scale_count(profile.count());
 
-  if (IncrementalInlineMH && call_site_count > 0 &&
-      (should_delay || input_not_const || !C->inlining_incrementally() || C->over_inlining_cutoff())) {
+  if (IncrementalInlineMH && (AlwaysIncrementalInline ||
+                            (call_site_count > 0 && (should_delay || input_not_const || !C->inlining_incrementally() || C->over_inlining_cutoff())))) {
     return CallGenerator::for_mh_late_inline(caller, callee, input_not_const);
   } else {
     // Out-of-line call.
@@ -1041,6 +1203,7 @@ CallGenerator* CallGenerator::for_method_handle_call(JVMState* jvms, ciMethod* c
   }
 }
 
+
 CallGenerator* CallGenerator::for_method_handle_inline(JVMState* jvms, ciMethod* caller, ciMethod* callee, bool allow_inline, bool& input_not_const) {
   GraphKit kit(jvms);
   PhaseGVN& gvn = kit.gvn();
@@ -1088,8 +1251,9 @@ CallGenerator* CallGenerator::for_method_handle_inline(JVMState* jvms, ciMethod*
   case vmIntrinsics::_linkToSpecial:
   case vmIntrinsics::_linkToInterface:
     {
+      int nargs = callee->arg_size();
       // Get MemberName argument:
-      Node* member_name = kit.argument(callee->arg_size() - 1);
+      Node* member_name = kit.argument(nargs - 1);
       if (member_name->Opcode() == Op_ConP) {
         input_not_const = false;
         const TypeOopPtr* oop_ptr = member_name->bottom_type()->is_oopptr();
@@ -1109,7 +1273,7 @@ CallGenerator* CallGenerator::for_method_handle_inline(JVMState* jvms, ciMethod*
         // Cast receiver to its type.
         if (!target->is_static()) {
           Node* recv = kit.argument(0);
-          Node* casted_recv = kit.maybe_narrow_object_type(recv, signature->accessing_klass());
+          Node* casted_recv = kit.maybe_narrow_object_type(recv, signature->accessing_klass(), target->receiver_maybe_larval());
           if (casted_recv->is_top()) {
             print_inlining_failure(C, callee, jvms, "argument types mismatch");
             return nullptr; // FIXME: effectively dead; issue a halt node instead
@@ -1122,7 +1286,7 @@ CallGenerator* CallGenerator::for_method_handle_inline(JVMState* jvms, ciMethod*
           ciType* t = signature->type_at(i);
           if (t->is_klass()) {
             Node* arg = kit.argument(receiver_skip + j);
-            Node* casted_arg = kit.maybe_narrow_object_type(arg, t->as_klass());
+            Node* casted_arg = kit.maybe_narrow_object_type(arg, t->as_klass(), false);
             if (casted_arg->is_top()) {
               print_inlining_failure(C, callee, jvms, "argument types mismatch");
               return nullptr; // FIXME: effectively dead; issue a halt node instead
@@ -1159,7 +1323,8 @@ CallGenerator* CallGenerator::for_method_handle_inline(JVMState* jvms, ciMethod*
         CallGenerator* cg = C->call_generator(target, vtable_index, call_does_dispatch, jvms,
                                               allow_inline,
                                               PROB_ALWAYS,
-                                              speculative_receiver_type);
+                                              speculative_receiver_type,
+                                              true);
         return cg;
       } else {
         print_inlining_failure(C, callee, jvms, "member_name not constant");
@@ -1231,7 +1396,7 @@ JVMState* PredicatedIntrinsicGenerator::generate(JVMState* jvms) {
   if (!method()->is_static()) {
     // We need an explicit receiver null_check before checking its type in predicate.
     // We share a map with the caller, so his JVMS gets adjusted.
-    Node* receiver = kit.null_check_receiver_before_call(method());
+    kit.null_check_receiver_before_call(method());
     if (kit.stopped()) {
       return kit.transfer_exceptions_into_jvms();
     }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callGenerator.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callGenerator.hpp
index 75ba6f709c0..6f4a4069e4e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callGenerator.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callGenerator.hpp
@@ -44,9 +44,10 @@ class CallGenerator : public ArenaObj {
 
   void do_late_inline_helper();
 
-  virtual bool           do_late_inline_check(Compile* C, JVMState* jvms) { ShouldNotReachHere(); return false;  }
-  virtual CallGenerator* inline_cg()    const                             { ShouldNotReachHere(); return nullptr;}
-  virtual bool           is_pure_call() const                             { ShouldNotReachHere(); return false;  }
+  virtual bool           do_late_inline_check(Compile* C, JVMState* jvms) { ShouldNotReachHere(); return false; }
+  virtual bool           is_pure_call() const                             { ShouldNotReachHere(); return false; }
+
+  void mark_projs_not_dead_loop_safe(Node* ret) const;
 
  public:
   // Accessors
@@ -88,6 +89,8 @@ class CallGenerator : public ArenaObj {
   virtual void set_unique_id(jlong id)          { fatal("unique id only for late inlines"); };
   virtual jlong unique_id() const               { fatal("unique id only for late inlines"); return 0; };
 
+  virtual CallGenerator* inline_cg()    const                             { ShouldNotReachHere(); return nullptr;  }
+
   virtual ciMethod* callee_method() { ShouldNotReachHere(); }
   virtual void set_callee_method(ciMethod* callee) { ShouldNotReachHere(); }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp
index eb4f506d14f..0bd9918083f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
  */
 
 #include "ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciFlatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciSymbols.hpp"
 #include "code/vmreg.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compileLog.hpp"
 #include "compiler/oopMap.hpp"
@@ -34,14 +36,19 @@
 #include "opto/castnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/convertnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/escape.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/locknode.hpp"
 #include "opto/machnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/matcher.hpp"
+#include "opto/memnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/movenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/parse.hpp"
 #include "opto/regalloc.hpp"
 #include "opto/regmask.hpp"
 #include "opto/rootnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/runtime.hpp"
+#include "opto/type.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
@@ -78,7 +85,7 @@ const RegMask &StartNode::in_RegMask(uint) const {
 
 //------------------------------match------------------------------------------
 // Construct projections for incoming parameters, and their RegMask info
-Node *StartNode::match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match ) {
+Node *StartNode::match(const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match, const RegMask* mask) {
   switch (proj->_con) {
   case TypeFunc::Control:
   case TypeFunc::I_O:
@@ -102,17 +109,6 @@ Node *StartNode::match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match ) {
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-//------------------------------StartOSRNode----------------------------------
-// The method start node for an on stack replacement adapter
-
-//------------------------------osr_domain-----------------------------
-const TypeTuple *StartOSRNode::osr_domain() {
-  const Type **fields = TypeTuple::fields(2);
-  fields[TypeFunc::Parms+0] = TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM;  // address of osr buffer
-
-  return TypeTuple::make(TypeFunc::Parms+1, fields);
-}
-
 //=============================================================================
 const char * const ParmNode::names[TypeFunc::Parms+1] = {
   "Control", "I_O", "Memory", "FramePtr", "ReturnAdr", "Parms"
@@ -500,17 +496,24 @@ void JVMState::format(PhaseRegAlloc *regalloc, const Node *n, outputStream* st)
         while (ndim-- > 0) {
           st->print("[]");
         }
+      } else {
+        assert(false, "unexpected type %s", cik->name()->as_utf8());
       }
       st->print("={");
       uint nf = spobj->n_fields();
       if (nf > 0) {
         uint first_ind = spobj->first_index(mcall->jvms());
+        if (iklass != nullptr && iklass->is_inlinetype()) {
+          Node* null_marker = mcall->in(first_ind++);
+          if (!null_marker->is_top()) {
+            st->print(" [null marker");
+            format_helper(regalloc, st, null_marker, ":", -1, nullptr);
+          }
+        }
         Node* fld_node = mcall->in(first_ind);
-        ciField* cifield;
         if (iklass != nullptr) {
           st->print(" [");
-          cifield = iklass->nonstatic_field_at(0);
-          cifield->print_name_on(st);
+          iklass->nonstatic_field_at(0)->print_name_on(st);
           format_helper(regalloc, st, fld_node, ":", 0, &scobjs);
         } else {
           format_helper(regalloc, st, fld_node, "[", 0, &scobjs);
@@ -519,8 +522,7 @@ void JVMState::format(PhaseRegAlloc *regalloc, const Node *n, outputStream* st)
           fld_node = mcall->in(first_ind+j);
           if (iklass != nullptr) {
             st->print(", [");
-            cifield = iklass->nonstatic_field_at(j);
-            cifield->print_name_on(st);
+            iklass->nonstatic_field_at(j)->print_name_on(st);
             format_helper(regalloc, st, fld_node, ":", j, &scobjs);
           } else {
             format_helper(regalloc, st, fld_node, ", [", j, &scobjs);
@@ -755,16 +757,23 @@ void AllocateNode::dump_spec(outputStream* st) const {
 }
 #endif
 
-const Type *CallNode::bottom_type() const { return tf()->range(); }
+const Type *CallNode::bottom_type() const { return tf()->range_cc(); }
 const Type* CallNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
   if (in(0) == nullptr || phase->type(in(0)) == Type::TOP) {
     return Type::TOP;
   }
-  return tf()->range();
+  return tf()->range_cc();
 }
 
 //------------------------------calling_convention-----------------------------
 void CallNode::calling_convention(BasicType* sig_bt, VMRegPair *parm_regs, uint argcnt) const {
+  if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields && _entry_point == SharedRuntime::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf_entry()) {
+    // The call to that stub is a special case: its inputs are
+    // multiple values returned from a call and so it should follow
+    // the return convention.
+    SharedRuntime::java_return_convention(sig_bt, parm_regs, argcnt);
+    return;
+  }
   // Use the standard compiler calling convention
   SharedRuntime::java_calling_convention(sig_bt, parm_regs, argcnt);
 }
@@ -773,43 +782,53 @@ void CallNode::calling_convention(BasicType* sig_bt, VMRegPair *parm_regs, uint
 //------------------------------match------------------------------------------
 // Construct projections for control, I/O, memory-fields, ..., and
 // return result(s) along with their RegMask info
-Node *CallNode::match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match ) {
-  switch (proj->_con) {
-  case TypeFunc::Control:
-  case TypeFunc::I_O:
-  case TypeFunc::Memory:
-    return new MachProjNode(this,proj->_con,RegMask::EMPTY,MachProjNode::unmatched_proj);
-
-  case TypeFunc::Parms+1:       // For LONG & DOUBLE returns
-    assert(tf()->range()->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms+1) == Type::HALF, "");
-    // 2nd half of doubles and longs
-    return new MachProjNode(this,proj->_con, RegMask::EMPTY, (uint)OptoReg::Bad);
-
-  case TypeFunc::Parms: {       // Normal returns
-    uint ideal_reg = tf()->range()->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms)->ideal_reg();
-    OptoRegPair regs = Opcode() == Op_CallLeafVector
-      ? match->vector_return_value(ideal_reg)      // Calls into assembly vector routine
-      : is_CallRuntime()
-        ? match->c_return_value(ideal_reg)  // Calls into C runtime
-        : match->  return_value(ideal_reg); // Calls into compiled Java code
-    RegMask rm = RegMask(regs.first());
-
-    if (Opcode() == Op_CallLeafVector) {
-      // If the return is in vector, compute appropriate regmask taking into account the whole range
-      if(ideal_reg >= Op_VecA && ideal_reg <= Op_VecZ) {
-        if(OptoReg::is_valid(regs.second())) {
-          for (OptoReg::Name r = regs.first(); r <= regs.second(); r = OptoReg::add(r, 1)) {
-            rm.insert(r);
+Node *CallNode::match(const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match, const RegMask* mask) {
+  uint con = proj->_con;
+  const TypeTuple* range_cc = tf()->range_cc();
+  if (con >= TypeFunc::Parms) {
+    if (tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields()) {
+      // The call returns multiple values (inline type fields): we
+      // create one projection per returned value.
+      assert(con <= TypeFunc::Parms+1 || InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, "only for multi value return");
+      uint ideal_reg = range_cc->field_at(con)->ideal_reg();
+      return new MachProjNode(this, con, mask[con-TypeFunc::Parms], ideal_reg);
+    } else {
+      if (con == TypeFunc::Parms) {
+        uint ideal_reg = range_cc->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms)->ideal_reg();
+        OptoRegPair regs = Opcode() == Op_CallLeafVector
+          ? match->vector_return_value(ideal_reg)      // Calls into assembly vector routine
+          : match->c_return_value(ideal_reg);
+        RegMask rm = RegMask(regs.first());
+
+        if (Opcode() == Op_CallLeafVector) {
+          // If the return is in vector, compute appropriate regmask taking into account the whole range
+          if(ideal_reg >= Op_VecA && ideal_reg <= Op_VecZ) {
+            if(OptoReg::is_valid(regs.second())) {
+              for (OptoReg::Name r = regs.first(); r <= regs.second(); r = OptoReg::add(r, 1)) {
+                rm.insert(r);
+              }
+            }
           }
         }
+
+        if (OptoReg::is_valid(regs.second())) {
+          rm.insert(regs.second());
+        }
+        return new MachProjNode(this,con,rm,ideal_reg);
+      } else {
+        assert(con == TypeFunc::Parms+1, "only one return value");
+        assert(range_cc->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms+1) == Type::HALF, "");
+        return new MachProjNode(this,con, RegMask::EMPTY, (uint)OptoReg::Bad);
       }
     }
-
-    if( OptoReg::is_valid(regs.second()) )
-      rm.insert(regs.second());
-    return new MachProjNode(this,proj->_con,rm,ideal_reg);
   }
 
+  switch (con) {
+  case TypeFunc::Control:
+  case TypeFunc::I_O:
+  case TypeFunc::Memory:
+    return new MachProjNode(this,proj->_con,RegMask::EMPTY,MachProjNode::unmatched_proj);
+
   case TypeFunc::ReturnAdr:
   case TypeFunc::FramePtr:
   default:
@@ -830,7 +849,7 @@ uint CallNode::match_edge(uint idx) const {
 bool CallNode::may_modify(const TypeOopPtr* t_oop, PhaseValues* phase) const {
   assert((t_oop != nullptr), "sanity");
   if (is_call_to_arraycopystub() && strcmp(_name, "unsafe_arraycopy") != 0) {
-    const TypeTuple* args = _tf->domain();
+    const TypeTuple* args = _tf->domain_sig();
     Node* dest = nullptr;
     // Stubs that can be called once an ArrayCopyNode is expanded have
     // different signatures. Look for the second pointer argument,
@@ -883,7 +902,7 @@ bool CallNode::may_modify(const TypeOopPtr* t_oop, PhaseValues* phase) const {
           return true;
         }
       }
-      const TypeTuple* d = tf()->domain();
+      const TypeTuple* d = tf()->domain_cc();
       for (uint i = TypeFunc::Parms; i < d->cnt(); i++) {
         const TypeInstPtr* inst_t = d->field_at(i)->isa_instptr();
         if ((inst_t != nullptr) && (!inst_t->klass_is_exact() ||
@@ -898,17 +917,27 @@ bool CallNode::may_modify(const TypeOopPtr* t_oop, PhaseValues* phase) const {
 }
 
 // Does this call have a direct reference to n other than debug information?
-bool CallNode::has_non_debug_use(const Node *n) {
-  const TypeTuple * d = tf()->domain();
+bool CallNode::has_non_debug_use(const Node* n) {
+  const TypeTuple* d = tf()->domain_cc();
   for (uint i = TypeFunc::Parms; i < d->cnt(); i++) {
-    Node *arg = in(i);
-    if (arg == n) {
+    if (in(i) == n) {
       return true;
     }
   }
   return false;
 }
 
+bool CallNode::has_debug_use(const Node* n) const {
+  if (jvms() != nullptr) {
+    for (uint i = jvms()->debug_start(); i < jvms()->debug_end(); i++) {
+      if (in(i) == n) {
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
 // Returns the unique CheckCastPP of a call
 // or 'this' if there are several CheckCastPP or unexpected uses
 // or returns null if there is no one.
@@ -940,16 +969,21 @@ Node *CallNode::result_cast() {
 }
 
 
-void CallNode::extract_projections(CallProjections* projs, bool separate_io_proj, bool do_asserts, bool allow_handlers) const {
-  projs->fallthrough_proj      = nullptr;
-  projs->fallthrough_catchproj = nullptr;
-  projs->fallthrough_ioproj    = nullptr;
-  projs->catchall_ioproj       = nullptr;
-  projs->catchall_catchproj    = nullptr;
-  projs->fallthrough_memproj   = nullptr;
-  projs->catchall_memproj      = nullptr;
-  projs->resproj               = nullptr;
-  projs->exobj                 = nullptr;
+CallProjections* CallNode::extract_projections(bool separate_io_proj, bool do_asserts, bool allow_handlers) const {
+  uint max_res = TypeFunc::Parms-1;
+  for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = fast_outs(imax); i < imax; i++) {
+    ProjNode *pn = fast_out(i)->as_Proj();
+    max_res = MAX2(max_res, pn->_con);
+  }
+
+  assert(max_res < _tf->range_cc()->cnt(), "result out of bounds");
+
+  uint projs_size = sizeof(CallProjections);
+  if (max_res > TypeFunc::Parms) {
+    projs_size += (max_res-TypeFunc::Parms)*sizeof(Node*);
+  }
+  char* projs_storage = resource_allocate_bytes(projs_size);
+  CallProjections* projs = new(projs_storage)CallProjections(max_res - TypeFunc::Parms + 1);
 
   for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = fast_outs(imax); i < imax; i++) {
     ProjNode *pn = fast_out(i)->as_Proj();
@@ -999,18 +1033,20 @@ void CallNode::extract_projections(CallProjections* projs, bool separate_io_proj
         projs->fallthrough_memproj = pn;
       break;
     case TypeFunc::Parms:
-      projs->resproj = pn;
+      projs->resproj[0] = pn;
       break;
     default:
-      assert(false, "unexpected projection from allocation node.");
+      assert(pn->_con <= max_res, "unexpected projection from allocation node.");
+      projs->resproj[pn->_con-TypeFunc::Parms] = pn;
+      break;
     }
   }
 
   // The resproj may not exist because the result could be ignored
   // and the exception object may not exist if an exception handler
   // swallows the exception but all the other must exist and be found.
-  assert(projs->fallthrough_proj      != nullptr, "must be found");
   do_asserts = do_asserts && !Compile::current()->inlining_incrementally();
+  assert(!do_asserts || projs->fallthrough_proj      != nullptr, "must be found");
   assert(!do_asserts || projs->fallthrough_catchproj != nullptr, "must be found");
   assert(!do_asserts || projs->fallthrough_memproj   != nullptr, "must be found");
   assert(!do_asserts || projs->fallthrough_ioproj    != nullptr, "must be found");
@@ -1019,6 +1055,7 @@ void CallNode::extract_projections(CallProjections* projs, bool separate_io_proj
     assert(!do_asserts || projs->catchall_memproj    != nullptr, "must be found");
     assert(!do_asserts || projs->catchall_ioproj     != nullptr, "must be found");
   }
+  return projs;
 }
 
 Node* CallNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
@@ -1059,8 +1096,8 @@ bool CallJavaNode::cmp( const Node &n ) const {
 
 void CallJavaNode::copy_call_debug_info(PhaseIterGVN* phase, SafePointNode* sfpt) {
   // Copy debug information and adjust JVMState information
-  uint old_dbg_start = sfpt->is_Call() ? sfpt->as_Call()->tf()->domain()->cnt() : (uint)TypeFunc::Parms+1;
-  uint new_dbg_start = tf()->domain()->cnt();
+  uint old_dbg_start = sfpt->is_Call() ? sfpt->as_Call()->tf()->domain_sig()->cnt() : (uint)TypeFunc::Parms+1;
+  uint new_dbg_start = tf()->domain_sig()->cnt();
   int jvms_adj  = new_dbg_start - old_dbg_start;
   assert (new_dbg_start == req(), "argument count mismatch");
   Compile* C = phase->C;
@@ -1101,6 +1138,10 @@ bool CallJavaNode::validate_symbolic_info() const {
   if (method() == nullptr) {
     return true; // call into runtime or uncommon trap
   }
+  Bytecodes::Code bc = jvms()->method()->java_code_at_bci(jvms()->bci());
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled() && (bc == Bytecodes::_if_acmpeq || bc == Bytecodes::_if_acmpne)) {
+    return true;
+  }
   ciMethod* symbolic_info = jvms()->method()->get_method_at_bci(jvms()->bci());
   ciMethod* callee = method();
   if (symbolic_info->is_method_handle_intrinsic() && !callee->is_method_handle_intrinsic()) {
@@ -1143,6 +1184,27 @@ bool CallStaticJavaNode::cmp( const Node &n ) const {
 }
 
 Node* CallStaticJavaNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
+  if (can_reshape && uncommon_trap_request() != 0) {
+    PhaseIterGVN* igvn = phase->is_IterGVN();
+    if (remove_unknown_flat_array_load(igvn, control(), memory(), in(TypeFunc::Parms))) {
+      if (!control()->is_Region()) {
+        igvn->replace_input_of(this, 0, phase->C->top());
+      }
+      return this;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Try to replace the runtime call to the substitutability test emitted by acmp if we can reason
+  // about the operands
+  if (can_reshape && !control()->is_top() && !memory()->is_top() && method() != nullptr &&
+      method()->holder() == phase->C->env()->ValueObjectMethods_klass() &&
+      method()->name() == ciSymbols::isSubstitutable_name()) {
+    Node* res = replace_is_substitutable(phase->is_IterGVN());
+    if (res != nullptr) {
+      return res;
+    }
+  }
+
   CallGenerator* cg = generator();
   if (can_reshape && cg != nullptr) {
     if (cg->is_mh_late_inline()) {
@@ -1203,6 +1265,185 @@ int CallStaticJavaNode::extract_uncommon_trap_request(const Node* call) {
   return call->in(TypeFunc::Parms)->bottom_type()->is_int()->get_con();
 }
 
+// Split if can cause the flat array branch of an array load with unknown type (see
+// Parse::array_load) to end in an uncommon trap. In that case, the call to
+// 'load_unknown_inline' is useless. Replace it with an uncommon trap with the same JVMState.
+bool CallStaticJavaNode::remove_unknown_flat_array_load(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node* ctl, Node* mem, Node* unc_arg) {
+  if (ctl == nullptr || ctl->is_top() || mem == nullptr || mem->is_top() || !mem->is_MergeMem()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (ctl->is_Region()) {
+    bool res = false;
+    for (uint i = 1; i < ctl->req(); i++) {
+      MergeMemNode* mm = mem->clone()->as_MergeMem();
+      for (MergeMemStream mms(mm); mms.next_non_empty(); ) {
+        Node* m = mms.memory();
+        if (m->is_Phi() && m->in(0) == ctl) {
+          mms.set_memory(m->in(i));
+        }
+      }
+      if (remove_unknown_flat_array_load(igvn, ctl->in(i), mm, unc_arg)) {
+        res = true;
+        if (!ctl->in(i)->is_Region()) {
+          igvn->replace_input_of(ctl, i, igvn->C->top());
+        }
+      }
+      igvn->remove_dead_node(mm, PhaseIterGVN::NodeOrigin::Speculative);
+    }
+    return res;
+  }
+  // Verify the control flow is ok
+  Node* call = ctl;
+  MemBarNode* membar = nullptr;
+  for (;;) {
+    if (call == nullptr || call->is_top()) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    if (call->is_Proj() || call->is_Catch() || call->is_MemBar()) {
+      call = call->in(0);
+    } else if (call->Opcode() == Op_CallStaticJava && !call->in(0)->is_top() &&
+               call->as_Call()->entry_point() == OptoRuntime::load_unknown_inline_Java()) {
+      // If there is no explicit flat array accesses in the compilation unit, there would be no
+      // membar here
+      if (call->in(0)->is_Proj() && call->in(0)->in(0)->is_MemBar()) {
+        membar = call->in(0)->in(0)->as_MemBar();
+      }
+      break;
+    } else {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  JVMState* jvms = call->jvms();
+  if (igvn->C->too_many_traps(jvms->method(), jvms->bci(), Deoptimization::trap_request_reason(uncommon_trap_request()))) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  Node* call_mem = call->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
+  if (call_mem == nullptr || call_mem->is_top()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (!call_mem->is_MergeMem()) {
+    call_mem = MergeMemNode::make(call_mem);
+    igvn->register_new_node_with_optimizer(call_mem);
+  }
+
+  // Verify that there's no unexpected side effect
+  for (MergeMemStream mms2(mem->as_MergeMem(), call_mem->as_MergeMem()); mms2.next_non_empty2(); ) {
+    Node* m1 = mms2.is_empty() ? mms2.base_memory() : mms2.memory();
+    Node* m2 = mms2.memory2();
+
+    for (uint i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+      if (m1 == m2) {
+        break;
+      } else if (m1->is_Proj()) {
+        m1 = m1->in(0);
+      } else if (m1->is_MemBar()) {
+        m1 = m1->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
+      } else if (m1->Opcode() == Op_CallStaticJava &&
+                 m1->as_Call()->entry_point() == OptoRuntime::load_unknown_inline_Java()) {
+        if (m1 != call) {
+          if (call_mem->outcnt() == 0) {
+            igvn->remove_dead_node(call_mem, PhaseIterGVN::NodeOrigin::Speculative);
+          }
+          return false;
+        }
+        break;
+      } else if (m1->is_MergeMem()) {
+        MergeMemNode* mm = m1->as_MergeMem();
+        int idx = mms2.alias_idx();
+        if (idx == Compile::AliasIdxBot) {
+          m1 = mm->base_memory();
+        } else {
+          m1 = mm->memory_at(idx);
+        }
+      } else {
+        if (call_mem->outcnt() == 0) {
+          igvn->remove_dead_node(call_mem, PhaseIterGVN::NodeOrigin::Speculative);
+        }
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  if (call_mem->outcnt() == 0) {
+    igvn->remove_dead_node(call_mem, PhaseIterGVN::NodeOrigin::Speculative);
+  }
+
+  // Remove membar preceding the call
+  if (membar != nullptr) {
+    membar->remove(igvn);
+  }
+
+  address call_addr = OptoRuntime::uncommon_trap_blob()->entry_point();
+  CallNode* unc = new CallStaticJavaNode(OptoRuntime::uncommon_trap_Type(), call_addr, "uncommon_trap", nullptr);
+  unc->init_req(TypeFunc::Control, call->in(0));
+  unc->init_req(TypeFunc::I_O, call->in(TypeFunc::I_O));
+  unc->init_req(TypeFunc::Memory, call->in(TypeFunc::Memory));
+  unc->init_req(TypeFunc::FramePtr,  call->in(TypeFunc::FramePtr));
+  unc->init_req(TypeFunc::ReturnAdr, call->in(TypeFunc::ReturnAdr));
+  unc->init_req(TypeFunc::Parms+0, unc_arg);
+  unc->set_cnt(PROB_UNLIKELY_MAG(4));
+  unc->copy_call_debug_info(igvn, call->as_CallStaticJava());
+
+  // Replace the call with an uncommon trap
+  igvn->replace_input_of(call, 0, igvn->C->top());
+
+  igvn->register_new_node_with_optimizer(unc);
+
+  Node* ctrl = igvn->transform(new ProjNode(unc, TypeFunc::Control));
+  Node* halt = igvn->transform(new HaltNode(ctrl, call->in(TypeFunc::FramePtr), "uncommon trap returned which should never happen"));
+  igvn->add_input_to(igvn->C->root(), halt);
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+// Try to replace a runtime call to the substitutability test by either a simple pointer comparison
+// if either operand is not a value object, or comparing their fields if either operand is an
+// object of a known value type
+Node* CallStaticJavaNode::replace_is_substitutable(PhaseIterGVN* igvn) {
+  Node* left = in(TypeFunc::Parms);
+  Node* right = in(TypeFunc::Parms + 1);
+  if (!InlineTypeNode::can_emit_substitutability_check(left, right)) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  // Delay IGVN during macro expansion
+  assert(!igvn->delay_transform(), "must not delay during Ideal");
+  igvn->set_delay_transform(true);
+  GraphKit kit(this, *igvn);
+
+  Node* replace = InlineTypeNode::emit_substitutability_check(&kit, left, right);
+  igvn->set_delay_transform(false);
+  assert(replace != nullptr, "must succeed");
+
+  if (UseAcmpFastPath) {
+    // Sabotage the fast acmp path
+    IfNode* fast_path_if = Parse::acmp_fast_path_if_from_substitutable_call(igvn, this);
+    if (fast_path_if != nullptr) {
+      fast_path_if->set_req(1, igvn->intcon(1));
+      igvn->_worklist.push(fast_path_if);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Kill exception projections and return a tuple that will replace the call
+  CallProjections* projs = extract_projections(false /*separate_io_proj*/);
+  if (projs->fallthrough_catchproj != nullptr) {
+    igvn->replace_node(projs->fallthrough_catchproj, kit.control());
+  }
+  if (projs->catchall_memproj != nullptr) {
+    igvn->replace_node(projs->catchall_memproj, igvn->C->top());
+  }
+  if (projs->catchall_ioproj != nullptr) {
+    igvn->replace_node(projs->catchall_ioproj, igvn->C->top());
+  }
+  if (projs->catchall_catchproj != nullptr) {
+    igvn->replace_node(projs->catchall_catchproj, igvn->C->top());
+  }
+  Node* new_mem = kit.reset_memory();
+  assert(in(TypeFunc::Memory) == new_mem, "must not modify memory");
+  return TupleNode::make(tf()->range_cc(), igvn->C->top(), kit.i_o(), new_mem, kit.frameptr(), kit.returnadr(), replace);
+}
+
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 void CallStaticJavaNode::dump_spec(outputStream *st) const {
   st->print("# Static ");
@@ -1318,14 +1559,21 @@ bool CallLeafVectorNode::cmp( const Node &n ) const {
 
 //------------------------------calling_convention-----------------------------
 void CallRuntimeNode::calling_convention(BasicType* sig_bt, VMRegPair *parm_regs, uint argcnt) const {
+  if (_entry_point == nullptr) {
+    // The call to that stub is a special case: its inputs are
+    // multiple values returned from a call and so it should follow
+    // the return convention.
+    SharedRuntime::java_return_convention(sig_bt, parm_regs, argcnt);
+    return;
+  }
   SharedRuntime::c_calling_convention(sig_bt, parm_regs, argcnt);
 }
 
 void CallLeafVectorNode::calling_convention( BasicType* sig_bt, VMRegPair *parm_regs, uint argcnt ) const {
 #ifdef ASSERT
-  assert(tf()->range()->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms)->is_vect()->length_in_bytes() * BitsPerByte == _num_bits,
+  assert(tf()->range_sig()->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms)->is_vect()->length_in_bytes() * BitsPerByte == _num_bits,
          "return vector size must match");
-  const TypeTuple* d = tf()->domain();
+  const TypeTuple* d = tf()->domain_sig();
   for (uint i = TypeFunc::Parms; i < d->cnt(); i++) {
     Node* arg = in(i);
     assert(arg->bottom_type()->is_vect()->length_in_bytes() * BitsPerByte == _num_bits,
@@ -1361,7 +1609,7 @@ bool CallLeafPureNode::is_dead() const {
 TupleNode* CallLeafPureNode::make_tuple_of_input_state_and_top_return_values(const Compile* C) const {
   // Transparently propagate input state but parameters
   TupleNode* tuple = TupleNode::make(
-      tf()->range(),
+      tf()->range_cc(),
       in(TypeFunc::Control),
       in(TypeFunc::I_O),
       in(TypeFunc::Memory),
@@ -1369,7 +1617,7 @@ TupleNode* CallLeafPureNode::make_tuple_of_input_state_and_top_return_values(con
       in(TypeFunc::ReturnAdr));
 
   // And add TOPs for the return values
-  for (uint i = TypeFunc::Parms; i < tf()->range()->cnt(); i++) {
+  for (uint i = TypeFunc::Parms; i < tf()->range_cc()->cnt(); i++) {
     tuple->set_req(i, C->top());
   }
 
@@ -1388,7 +1636,7 @@ CallLeafPureNode* CallLeafPureNode::inline_call_leaf_pure_node(Node* control) co
   call->init_req(TypeFunc::Memory, top);
   call->init_req(TypeFunc::ReturnAdr, top);
   call->init_req(TypeFunc::FramePtr, top);
-  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tf()->domain()->cnt() - TypeFunc::Parms; i++) {
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tf()->domain_cc()->cnt() - TypeFunc::Parms; i++) {
     call->init_req(TypeFunc::Parms + i, in(TypeFunc::Parms + i));
   }
 
@@ -1419,6 +1667,12 @@ void CallLeafNode::dump_spec(outputStream *st) const {
 }
 #endif
 
+uint CallLeafNoFPNode::match_edge(uint idx) const {
+  // Null entry point is a special case for which the target is in a
+  // register. Need to match that edge.
+  return entry_point() == nullptr && idx == TypeFunc::Parms;
+}
+
 //=============================================================================
 
 void SafePointNode::set_local(const JVMState* jvms, uint idx, Node *c) {
@@ -1469,7 +1723,20 @@ SafePointNode* SafePointNode::next_exception() const {
 // Skip over any collapsed Regions
 Node *SafePointNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
   assert(_jvms == nullptr || ((uintptr_t)_jvms->map() & 1) || _jvms->map() == this, "inconsistent JVMState");
-  return remove_dead_region(phase, can_reshape) ? this : nullptr;
+  if (remove_dead_region(phase, can_reshape)) {
+    return this;
+  }
+  // Scalarize inline types in safepoint debug info.
+  // Delay this until all inlining is over to avoid getting inconsistent debug info.
+  if (phase->C->scalarize_in_safepoints() && can_reshape && jvms() != nullptr) {
+    for (uint i = jvms()->debug_start(); i < jvms()->debug_end(); i++) {
+      Node* n = in(i)->uncast();
+      if (n->is_InlineType()) {
+        n->as_InlineType()->make_scalar_in_safepoints(phase->is_IterGVN(), true, this);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return nullptr;
 }
 
 //------------------------------Identity---------------------------------------
@@ -1650,7 +1917,7 @@ SafePointScalarObjectNode::SafePointScalarObjectNode(const TypeOopPtr* tp, Node*
   _alloc(alloc)
 {
 #ifdef ASSERT
-  if (!alloc->is_Allocate() && !(alloc->Opcode() == Op_VectorBox)) {
+  if (alloc != nullptr && !alloc->is_Allocate() && !(alloc->Opcode() == Op_VectorBox)) {
     alloc->dump();
     assert(false, "unexpected call node");
   }
@@ -1755,7 +2022,9 @@ uint AllocateNode::size_of() const { return sizeof(*this); }
 
 AllocateNode::AllocateNode(Compile* C, const TypeFunc *atype,
                            Node *ctrl, Node *mem, Node *abio,
-                           Node *size, Node *klass_node, Node *initial_test)
+                           Node *size, Node *klass_node,
+                           Node* initial_test,
+                           InlineTypeNode* inline_type_node)
   : CallNode(atype, nullptr, TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM)
 {
   init_class_id(Class_Allocate);
@@ -1775,12 +2044,16 @@ AllocateNode::AllocateNode(Compile* C, const TypeFunc *atype,
   init_req( InitialTest        , initial_test);
   init_req( ALength            , topnode);
   init_req( ValidLengthTest    , topnode);
+  init_req( InlineType     , inline_type_node);
+  // DefaultValue defaults to nullptr
+  // RawDefaultValue defaults to nullptr
   C->add_macro_node(this);
 }
 
 void AllocateNode::compute_MemBar_redundancy(ciMethod* initializer)
 {
-  assert(initializer != nullptr && initializer->is_object_initializer(),
+  assert(initializer != nullptr &&
+         (initializer->is_object_constructor() || initializer->is_class_initializer()),
          "unexpected initializer method");
   BCEscapeAnalyzer* analyzer = initializer->get_bcea();
   if (analyzer == nullptr) {
@@ -1792,11 +2065,12 @@ void AllocateNode::compute_MemBar_redundancy(ciMethod* initializer)
     _is_allocation_MemBar_redundant = true;
   }
 }
-Node *AllocateNode::make_ideal_mark(PhaseGVN* phase, Node* control, Node* mem) {
+
+Node* AllocateNode::make_ideal_mark(PhaseGVN* phase, Node* control, Node* mem) {
   Node* mark_node = nullptr;
-  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders || Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
     Node* klass_node = in(AllocateNode::KlassNode);
-    Node* proto_adr = phase->transform(AddPNode::make_off_heap(klass_node, phase->MakeConX(in_bytes(Klass::prototype_header_offset()))));
+    Node* proto_adr = phase->transform(AddPNode::make_with_base(phase->C->top(), klass_node, phase->MakeConX(in_bytes(Klass::prototype_header_offset()))));
     mark_node = LoadNode::make(*phase, control, mem, proto_adr, phase->type(proto_adr)->is_ptr(), TypeX_X, TypeX_X->basic_type(), MemNode::unordered);
   } else {
     // For now only enable fast locking for non-array types
@@ -2198,7 +2472,8 @@ Node *LockNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
   // prevents macro expansion from expanding the lock.  Since we don't
   // modify the graph, the value returned from this function is the
   // one computed above.
-  if (can_reshape && EliminateLocks && !is_non_esc_obj()) {
+  const Type* obj_type = phase->type(obj_node());
+  if (can_reshape && EliminateLocks && !is_non_esc_obj() && !obj_type->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
     //
     // If we are locking an non-escaped object, the lock/unlock is unnecessary
     //
@@ -2399,7 +2674,8 @@ Node *UnlockNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
   // modify the graph, the value returned from this function is the
   // one computed above.
   // Escape state is defined after Parse phase.
-  if (can_reshape && EliminateLocks && !is_non_esc_obj()) {
+  const Type* obj_type = phase->type(obj_node());
+  if (can_reshape && EliminateLocks && !is_non_esc_obj() && !obj_type->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
     //
     // If we are unlocking an non-escaped object, the lock/unlock is unnecessary.
     //
@@ -2479,7 +2755,8 @@ bool CallNode::may_modify_arraycopy_helper(const TypeOopPtr* dest_t, const TypeO
       return true;
     }
 
-    dest_t = dest_t->add_offset(Type::OffsetBot)->is_oopptr();
+    dest_t = dest_t->is_aryptr()->with_field_offset(Type::OffsetBot)->add_offset(Type::OffsetBot)->is_oopptr();
+    t_oop = t_oop->is_aryptr()->with_field_offset(Type::OffsetBot);
     uint dest_alias = phase->C->get_alias_index(dest_t);
     uint t_oop_alias = phase->C->get_alias_index(t_oop);
 
@@ -2545,7 +2822,7 @@ const Type* PowDNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
     return TypeTuple::make(TypeFunc::Parms + 2, fields);
   }
 
-  return tf()->range();
+  return tf()->range_cc();
 }
 
 Node* PowDNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
@@ -2632,7 +2909,7 @@ TupleNode* PowDNode::make_tuple_of_input_state_and_result(PhaseIterGVN* phase, N
   Compile* C = phase->C;
   C->remove_macro_node(this);
   TupleNode* tuple = TupleNode::make(
-      tf()->range(),
+      tf()->range_cc(),
       control,
       in(TypeFunc::I_O),
       in(TypeFunc::Memory),
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.hpp
index 6bf61730ca0..e446420b3b7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.hpp
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ class StartNode : public MultiNode {
   virtual Node *Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape);
   virtual void  calling_convention( BasicType* sig_bt, VMRegPair *parm_reg, uint length ) const;
   virtual const RegMask &in_RegMask(uint) const;
-  virtual Node *match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m );
+  virtual Node *match(const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m, const RegMask* mask);
   virtual uint ideal_reg() const { return 0; }
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   virtual void  dump_spec(outputStream *st) const;
@@ -90,7 +90,6 @@ class StartOSRNode : public StartNode {
 public:
   StartOSRNode( Node *root, const TypeTuple *domain ) : StartNode(root, domain) {}
   virtual int   Opcode() const;
-  static  const TypeTuple *osr_domain();
 };
 
 
@@ -724,7 +723,7 @@ class SafePointScalarMergeNode: public TypeNode {
 
 // Simple container for the outgoing projections of a call.  Useful
 // for serious surgery on calls.
-class CallProjections : public StackObj {
+class CallProjections {
 public:
   Node* fallthrough_proj;
   Node* fallthrough_catchproj;
@@ -733,8 +732,26 @@ class CallProjections : public StackObj {
   Node* catchall_catchproj;
   Node* catchall_memproj;
   Node* catchall_ioproj;
-  Node* resproj;
   Node* exobj;
+  uint nb_resproj;
+  Node* resproj[1]; // at least one projection
+
+  CallProjections(uint nbres) {
+    fallthrough_proj      = nullptr;
+    fallthrough_catchproj = nullptr;
+    fallthrough_memproj   = nullptr;
+    fallthrough_ioproj    = nullptr;
+    catchall_catchproj    = nullptr;
+    catchall_memproj      = nullptr;
+    catchall_ioproj       = nullptr;
+    exobj                 = nullptr;
+    nb_resproj            = nbres;
+    resproj[0]            = nullptr;
+    for (uint i = 1; i < nb_resproj; i++) {
+      resproj[i]          = nullptr;
+    }
+  }
+
 };
 
 class CallGenerator;
@@ -755,7 +772,7 @@ class CallNode : public SafePointNode {
   const char*     _name;        // Printable name, if _method is null
 
   CallNode(const TypeFunc* tf, address addr, const TypePtr* adr_type, JVMState* jvms = nullptr)
-    : SafePointNode(tf->domain()->cnt(), jvms, adr_type),
+    : SafePointNode(tf->domain_cc()->cnt(), jvms, adr_type),
       _tf(tf),
       _entry_point(addr),
       _cnt(COUNT_UNKNOWN),
@@ -782,7 +799,7 @@ class CallNode : public SafePointNode {
   virtual bool        cmp(const Node &n) const;
   virtual uint        size_of() const = 0;
   virtual void        calling_convention(BasicType* sig_bt, VMRegPair* parm_regs, uint argcnt) const;
-  virtual Node*       match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* m);
+  virtual Node*       match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* m, const RegMask* mask);
   virtual uint        ideal_reg() const { return NotAMachineReg; }
   // Are we guaranteed that this node is a safepoint?  Not true for leaf calls and
   // for some macro nodes whose expansion does not have a safepoint on the fast path.
@@ -797,24 +814,25 @@ class CallNode : public SafePointNode {
   virtual bool        may_modify(const TypeOopPtr* t_oop, PhaseValues* phase) const;
   // Does this node have a use of n other than in debug information?
   bool                has_non_debug_use(const Node* n);
+  bool                has_debug_use(const Node* n) const;
   // Returns the unique CheckCastPP of a call
   // or result projection is there are several CheckCastPP
   // or returns null if there is no one.
   Node* result_cast();
   // Does this node returns pointer?
   bool returns_pointer() const {
-    const TypeTuple* r = tf()->range();
-    return (r->cnt() > TypeFunc::Parms &&
+    const TypeTuple* r = tf()->range_sig();
+    return (!tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields() &&
+            r->cnt() > TypeFunc::Parms &&
             r->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms)->isa_ptr());
   }
 
   // Collect all the interesting edges from a call for use in
   // replacing the call by something else.  Used by macro expansion
   // and the late inlining support.
-  void extract_projections(CallProjections* projs,
-                           bool separate_io_proj,
-                           bool do_asserts = true,
-                           bool allow_handlers = false) const;
+  CallProjections* extract_projections(bool separate_io_proj,
+                                       bool do_asserts = true,
+                                       bool allow_handlers = false) const;
 
   virtual uint match_edge(uint idx) const;
 
@@ -884,11 +902,26 @@ class CallStaticJavaNode : public CallJavaNode {
   bool _safe_for_fold_compare;
   virtual bool cmp( const Node &n ) const;
   virtual uint size_of() const; // Size is bigger
+
+  bool remove_unknown_flat_array_load(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node* ctl, Node* mem, Node* unc_arg);
+  Node* replace_is_substitutable(PhaseIterGVN* igvn);
+
 public:
   CallStaticJavaNode(Compile* C, const TypeFunc* tf, address addr, ciMethod* method)
     : CallJavaNode(tf, addr, method), _safe_for_fold_compare(true) {
     init_class_id(Class_CallStaticJava);
-    if (C->eliminate_boxing() && (method != nullptr) && method->is_boxing_method()) {
+    if (C->eliminate_boxing() && (method != nullptr) && (method->is_boxing_method() || method->is_unboxing_method())) {
+      init_flags(Flag_is_macro);
+      C->add_macro_node(this);
+    }
+    const TypeTuple *r = tf->range_sig();
+    if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields &&
+        method != nullptr &&
+        method->is_method_handle_intrinsic() &&
+        r->cnt() > TypeFunc::Parms &&
+        r->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms)->isa_oopptr() &&
+        r->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms)->is_oopptr()->can_be_inline_type()) {
+      // Make sure this call is processed by PhaseMacroExpand::expand_mh_intrinsic_return
       init_flags(Flag_is_macro);
       C->add_macro_node(this);
     }
@@ -909,10 +942,15 @@ class CallStaticJavaNode : public CallJavaNode {
   bool is_boxing_method() const {
     return is_macro() && (method() != nullptr) && method()->is_boxing_method();
   }
+
+  bool is_unboxing_method() const {
+    return is_macro() && (method() != nullptr) && method()->is_unboxing_method();
+  }
+
   // Late inlining modifies the JVMState, so we need to deep clone it
   // when the call node is cloned (because it is macro node).
   virtual bool needs_deep_clone_jvms(Compile* C) {
-    return is_boxing_method() || CallNode::needs_deep_clone_jvms(C);
+    return is_boxing_method() || is_unboxing_method() || CallNode::needs_deep_clone_jvms(C);
   }
 
   virtual int         Opcode() const;
@@ -1038,6 +1076,7 @@ class CallLeafNoFPNode : public CallLeafNode {
     init_class_id(Class_CallLeafNoFP);
   }
   virtual int   Opcode() const;
+  virtual uint match_edge(uint idx) const;
 };
 
 //------------------------------CallLeafVectorNode-------------------------------
@@ -1080,6 +1119,9 @@ class AllocateNode : public CallNode {
     InitialTest,                      // slow-path test (may be constant)
     ALength,                          // array length (or TOP if none)
     ValidLengthTest,
+    InlineType,                       // InlineTypeNode if this is an inline type allocation
+    InitValue,                        // Init value for null-free inline type arrays
+    RawInitValue,                     // Same as above but as raw machine word
     ParmLimit
   };
 
@@ -1090,6 +1132,9 @@ class AllocateNode : public CallNode {
     fields[InitialTest] = TypeInt::BOOL;
     fields[ALength]     = t;  // length (can be a bad length)
     fields[ValidLengthTest] = TypeInt::BOOL;
+    fields[InlineType] = Type::BOTTOM;
+    fields[InitValue] = TypeInstPtr::NOTNULL;
+    fields[RawInitValue] = TypeX_X;
 
     const TypeTuple *domain = TypeTuple::make(ParmLimit, fields);
 
@@ -1110,7 +1155,8 @@ class AllocateNode : public CallNode {
 
   virtual uint size_of() const; // Size is bigger
   AllocateNode(Compile* C, const TypeFunc *atype, Node *ctrl, Node *mem, Node *abio,
-               Node *size, Node *klass_node, Node *initial_test);
+               Node *size, Node *klass_node, Node *initial_test,
+               InlineTypeNode* inline_type_node = nullptr);
   // Expansion modifies the JVMState, so we need to deep clone it
   virtual bool needs_deep_clone_jvms(Compile* C) { return true; }
   virtual int Opcode() const;
@@ -1187,14 +1233,18 @@ class AllocateNode : public CallNode {
 class AllocateArrayNode : public AllocateNode {
 public:
   AllocateArrayNode(Compile* C, const TypeFunc* atype, Node* ctrl, Node* mem, Node* abio, Node* size, Node* klass_node,
-                    Node* initial_test, Node* count_val, Node* valid_length_test)
+                    Node* initial_test, Node* count_val, Node* valid_length_test,
+                    Node* init_value, Node* raw_init_value)
     : AllocateNode(C, atype, ctrl, mem, abio, size, klass_node,
                    initial_test)
   {
     init_class_id(Class_AllocateArray);
-    set_req(AllocateNode::ALength,        count_val);
+    set_req(AllocateNode::ALength, count_val);
     set_req(AllocateNode::ValidLengthTest, valid_length_test);
+    init_req(AllocateNode::InitValue, init_value);
+    init_req(AllocateNode::RawInitValue, raw_init_value);
   }
+  virtual uint size_of() const { return sizeof(*this); }
   virtual int Opcode() const;
 
   // Dig the length operand out of a array allocation site.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp
index befa208a5e2..c10f5b2eb30 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp
@@ -27,9 +27,12 @@
 #include "opto/castnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/cfgnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/connode.hpp"
+#include "opto/graphKit.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/loopnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/matcher.hpp"
 #include "opto/phaseX.hpp"
+#include "opto/rootnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/subnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/type.hpp"
 #include "utilities/checkedCast.hpp"
@@ -107,13 +110,20 @@ const Type* ConstraintCastNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
 //------------------------------Ideal------------------------------------------
 // Return a node which is more "ideal" than the current node.  Strip out
 // control copies
-Node* ConstraintCastNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
+Node *ConstraintCastNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
   if (in(0) != nullptr && remove_dead_region(phase, can_reshape)) {
     return this;
   }
+
+  // Push cast through InlineTypeNode
+  if (in(1)->is_InlineType()) {
+    return ideal_cast_of_inline_type_node(phase);
+  }
+
   if (in(1) != nullptr && phase->type(in(1)) != Type::TOP) {
     return TypeNode::Ideal(phase, can_reshape);
   }
+
   return nullptr;
 }
 
@@ -212,6 +222,49 @@ Node* ConstraintCastNode::pin_node_under_control_impl() const {
   return make_cast_for_type(in(0), in(1), bottom_type(), _dependency.with_pinned_dependency(), _extra_types);
 }
 
+Node* ConstraintCastNode::ideal_cast_of_inline_type_node(PhaseGVN* phase) {
+  InlineTypeNode* vt = in(1)->as_InlineType();
+  const Type* join = vt->type()->filter(type());
+  if (join == Type::TOP) {
+    // Do not push a dead Cast since its type can be unrelated
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  if (join == vt->type()->remove_speculative()) {
+    // Redundant cast, let Identity handle
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  if (join == TypePtr::NULL_PTR) {
+    // Will collapse to the constant null
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  // The only possible case left is that the cast is a cast to not-null
+  assert(join == vt->type()->filter(TypePtr::NOTNULL), "must be");
+  InlineTypeNode* res = vt->clone()->as_InlineType();
+  res->set_null_marker(*phase);
+
+  // Push the cast to the oop input if possible
+  if (vt->is_allocated(phase)) {
+    Node* new_oop = clone();
+    new_oop->set_req(1, vt->get_oop());
+    res->set_oop(*phase, phase->transform(new_oop));
+  }
+
+  // Push the cast to the null-free inputs of vt
+  for (uint i = 0; i < vt->field_count(); i++) {
+    if (vt->field(i)->is_null_free()) {
+      const ConstraintCastNode::DependencyType& dep = _dependency.is_floating() ? ConstraintCastNode::DependencyType::FloatingNarrowing
+                                                                                : ConstraintCastNode::DependencyType::NonFloatingNarrowing;
+      Node* new_fv = new CastPPNode(in(0), vt->field_value(i), TypePtr::NOTNULL, dep);
+      res->set_field_value(i, phase->transform(new_fv));
+    }
+  }
+
+  return res;
+}
+
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 void ConstraintCastNode::dump_spec(outputStream *st) const {
   TypeNode::dump_spec(st);
@@ -413,6 +466,16 @@ Node* CastLLNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
   return nullptr;
 }
 
+//=============================================================================
+//------------------------------Identity---------------------------------------
+// If input is already higher or equal to cast type, then this is an identity.
+Node* CheckCastPPNode::Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) {
+  if (in(1)->is_InlineType() && _type->isa_instptr() && phase->type(in(1))->inline_klass()->is_subtype_of(_type->is_instptr()->instance_klass())) {
+    return in(1);
+  }
+  return ConstraintCastNode::Identity(phase);
+}
+
 // CastPPNodes are removed before matching, while alias classes are needed in global code motion.
 // As a result, it is not valid for a CastPPNode to change the oop such that the derived pointers
 // lie in different alias classes with and without the node. For example, a CastPPNode c may not
@@ -466,6 +529,16 @@ const Type* CheckCastPPNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
   const TypePtr *my_type = _type->isa_ptr();
   const Type *result = _type;
   if (in_type != nullptr && my_type != nullptr) {
+    // TODO 8302672
+    if (!StressReflectiveCode && my_type->isa_aryptr() && in_type->isa_aryptr()) {
+      // Propagate array properties (not flat/null-free)
+      // Don't do this when StressReflectiveCode is enabled because it might lead to
+      // a dying data path while the corresponding flat/null-free check is not folded.
+      my_type = my_type->is_aryptr()->update_properties(in_type->is_aryptr());
+      if (my_type == nullptr) {
+        return Type::TOP; // Inconsistent properties
+      }
+    }
     TypePtr::PTR in_ptr = in_type->ptr();
     if (in_ptr == TypePtr::Null) {
       // A null input cast to a type that cannot be null (e.g. NotNull) describes
@@ -475,7 +548,7 @@ const Type* CheckCastPPNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
       }
       result = in_type;
     } else if (in_ptr != TypePtr::Constant) {
-      result =  my_type->cast_to_ptr_type(my_type->join_ptr(in_ptr));
+      result = my_type->cast_to_ptr_type(my_type->join_ptr(in_ptr));
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.hpp
index dce54eb73c0..29b609d6ddd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.hpp
@@ -195,6 +195,7 @@ class ConstraintCastNode: public TypeNode {
 
 private:
   virtual Node* pin_node_under_control_impl() const;
+  Node* ideal_cast_of_inline_type_node(PhaseGVN* phase);
 };
 
 //------------------------------CastIINode-------------------------------------
@@ -327,6 +328,7 @@ class CheckCastPPNode: public ConstraintCastNode {
     init_class_id(Class_CheckCastPP);
   }
 
+  virtual Node* Identity(PhaseGVN* phase);
   virtual const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const;
   virtual int   Opcode() const;
   virtual uint  ideal_reg() const { return Op_RegP; }
@@ -350,6 +352,20 @@ class CastX2PNode : public Node {
   virtual const Type *bottom_type() const { return TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM; }
 };
 
+// Cast an integer to a narrow oop
+class CastI2NNode : public TypeNode {
+  public:
+  CastI2NNode(Node* ctrl, Node* n, const Type* t) : TypeNode(t, 2) {
+    init_req(0, ctrl);
+    init_req(1, n);
+  }
+  virtual int Opcode() const;
+  virtual uint ideal_reg() const { return Op_RegN; }
+
+private:
+  virtual bool depends_only_on_test_impl() const { return false; }
+};
+
 //------------------------------CastP2XNode-------------------------------------
 // Used in both 32-bit and 64-bit land.
 // Used for card-marks and unsafe pointer math.
@@ -368,6 +384,4 @@ class CastP2XNode : public Node {
   virtual bool depends_only_on_test_impl() const { return false; }
 };
 
-
-
 #endif // SHARE_OPTO_CASTNODE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp
index 828e5bf299f..46016bceaf8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "opto/cfgnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/connode.hpp"
 #include "opto/convertnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/loopnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/machnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/movenode.hpp"
@@ -520,6 +521,7 @@ bool RegionNode::is_diamond() const {
   }
   return true;
 }
+
 //------------------------------Ideal------------------------------------------
 // Return a node which is more "ideal" than the current node.  Must preserve
 // the CFG, but we can still strip out dead paths.
@@ -966,7 +968,8 @@ bool RegionNode::optimize_trichotomy(PhaseIterGVN* igvn) {
              cmp2->Opcode() == Op_CmpF || cmp2->Opcode() == Op_CmpD ||
              cmp1->Opcode() == Op_CmpP || cmp1->Opcode() == Op_CmpN ||
              cmp2->Opcode() == Op_CmpP || cmp2->Opcode() == Op_CmpN ||
-             cmp1->is_SubTypeCheck() || cmp2->is_SubTypeCheck()) {
+             cmp1->is_SubTypeCheck() || cmp2->is_SubTypeCheck() ||
+             cmp1->is_FlatArrayCheck() || cmp2->is_FlatArrayCheck()) {
     // Floats and pointers don't exactly obey trichotomy. To be on the safe side, don't transform their tests.
     // SubTypeCheck is not commutative
     return false;
@@ -1045,7 +1048,7 @@ Node *Node::nonnull_req() const {
 
 
 //=============================================================================
-// note that these functions assume that the _adr_type field is flattened
+// note that these functions assume that the _adr_type field is flat
 uint PhiNode::hash() const {
   const Type* at = _adr_type;
   return TypeNode::hash() + (at ? at->hash() : 0);
@@ -1063,7 +1066,7 @@ const TypePtr* flatten_phi_adr_type(const TypePtr* at) {
 // create a new phi with edges matching r and set (initially) to x
 PhiNode* PhiNode::make(Node* r, Node* x, const Type *t, const TypePtr* at) {
   uint preds = r->req();   // Number of predecessor paths
-  assert(t != Type::MEMORY || at == flatten_phi_adr_type(at), "flatten at");
+  assert(t != Type::MEMORY || at == flatten_phi_adr_type(at) || (flatten_phi_adr_type(at) == TypeAryPtr::INLINES && Compile::current()->flat_accesses_share_alias()), "flatten at");
   PhiNode* p = new PhiNode(r, t, at);
   for (uint j = 1; j < preds; j++) {
     // Fill in all inputs, except those which the region does not yet have
@@ -1192,6 +1195,14 @@ void PhiNode::verify_adr_type(bool recursive) const {
   if (Node::in_dump())               return;  // muzzle asserts when printing
 
   assert((_type == Type::MEMORY) == (_adr_type != nullptr), "adr_type for memory phis only");
+  // Flat array elements shouldn't get their own memory slice until flat_accesses_share_alias is cleared.
+  // It could be the graph has no loads/stores and flat_accesses_share_alias is never cleared. EA could still
+  // create per-element Phis but that wouldn't be a problem as there are no memory accesses for that array.
+  assert(_adr_type == nullptr || _adr_type->isa_aryptr() == nullptr ||
+         _adr_type->is_aryptr()->is_known_instance() ||
+         !_adr_type->is_aryptr()->is_flat() ||
+         !Compile::current()->flat_accesses_share_alias() ||
+         _adr_type == TypeAryPtr::INLINES, "flat array element shouldn't get its own slice yet");
 
   if (!VerifyAliases)       return;  // verify thoroughly only if requested
 
@@ -1475,6 +1486,7 @@ bool PhiNode::try_clean_memory_phi(PhaseIterGVN* igvn) {
   }
   return false;
 }
+
 //----------------------------check_cmove_id-----------------------------------
 // Check for CMove'ing a constant after comparing against the constant.
 // Happens all the time now, since if we compare equality vs a constant in
@@ -1529,6 +1541,10 @@ Node* PhiNode::Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) {
   if (uin != nullptr) {
     return uin;
   }
+  uin = unique_constant_input_recursive(phase);
+  if (uin != nullptr) {
+    return uin;
+  }
 
   int true_path = is_diamond_phi();
   // Delay CMove'ing identity if Ideal has not had the chance to handle unsafe cases, yet.
@@ -1619,6 +1635,42 @@ Node* PhiNode::unique_input(PhaseValues* phase, bool uncast) {
   return nullptr;
 }
 
+// Find the unique input, try to look recursively through input Phis
+Node* PhiNode::unique_constant_input_recursive(PhaseGVN* phase) {
+  if (!phase->is_IterGVN()) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  Node* unique = nullptr;
+  Unique_Node_List visited;
+  visited.push(this);
+
+  for (uint visited_idx = 0; visited_idx < visited.size(); visited_idx++) {
+    Node* current = visited.at(visited_idx);
+    for (uint i = 1; i < current->req(); i++) {
+      Node* phi_in = current->in(i);
+      if (phi_in == nullptr) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      if (phi_in->is_Phi()) {
+        visited.push(phi_in);
+      } else {
+        if (unique == nullptr) {
+          if (!phi_in->is_Con()) {
+            return nullptr;
+          }
+          unique = phi_in;
+        } else if (unique != phi_in) {
+          return nullptr;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return unique;
+}
+
 //------------------------------is_x2logic-------------------------------------
 // Check for simple convert-to-boolean pattern
 // If:(C Bool) Region:(IfF IfT) Phi:(Region 0 1)
@@ -2086,6 +2138,7 @@ bool PhiNode::wait_for_region_igvn(PhaseGVN* phase) {
   return delay;
 }
 
+
 // If the Phi's Region is in an irreducible loop, and the Region
 // has had an input removed, but not yet transformed, it could be
 // that the Region (and this Phi) are not reachable from Root.
@@ -2523,6 +2576,8 @@ Node *PhiNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
     // This split breaks the circularity and consequently does not lead to
     // non-termination.
     uint merge_width = 0;
+    // TODO revisit this with JDK-8247216
+    bool mergemem_only = true;
     bool split_always_terminates = false; // Is splitting guaranteed to terminate?
     for( uint i=1; i<req(); ++i ) {// For all paths in
       Node *ii = in(i);
@@ -2538,6 +2593,8 @@ Node *PhiNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
         if (n->base_memory() == this) {
           split_always_terminates = true;
         }
+      } else {
+        mergemem_only = false;
       }
     }
 
@@ -2561,7 +2618,7 @@ Node *PhiNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
     // are two Phis involved. Repeatedly splitting the Phis through the
     // MergeMem leads to non-termination. We check for non-termination below.
     // Only check for non-termination if necessary.
-    if (!split_always_terminates && adr_type() == TypePtr::BOTTOM &&
+    if (!mergemem_only && !split_always_terminates && adr_type() == TypePtr::BOTTOM &&
         merge_width > Compile::AliasIdxRaw) {
       split_always_terminates = is_split_through_mergemem_terminating();
     }
@@ -2596,7 +2653,7 @@ Node *PhiNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
             }
           }
         }
-      } else if (split_always_terminates) {
+      } else if (mergemem_only || split_always_terminates) {
         // If all inputs reference this phi (directly or through data nodes) -
         // it is a dead loop.
         bool saw_safe_input = false;
@@ -2632,6 +2689,11 @@ Node *PhiNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
           Node *ii = in(i);
           if (ii->is_MergeMem()) {
             MergeMemNode* n = ii->as_MergeMem();
+            if (igvn) {
+              // TODO revisit this with JDK-8247216
+              // Put 'n' on the worklist because it might be modified by MergeMemStream::iteration_setup
+              igvn->_worklist.push(n);
+            }
             for (MergeMemStream mms(result, n); mms.next_non_empty2(); ) {
               // If we have not seen this slice yet, make a phi for it.
               bool made_new_phi = false;
@@ -2680,7 +2742,7 @@ Node *PhiNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
         return top;
       }
       if (ii != new_in ) {
-        set_req_X(i, new_in, phase);
+        set_req_X(i, new_in, phase->is_IterGVN());
         progress = this;
       }
     }
@@ -2748,6 +2810,11 @@ Node *PhiNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
   }
 #endif
 
+  Node* inline_type = try_push_inline_types_down(phase, can_reshape);
+  if (inline_type != this) {
+    return inline_type;
+  }
+
   // Try to convert a Phi with two duplicated convert nodes into a phi of the pre-conversion type and the convert node
   // proceeding the phi, to de-duplicate the convert node and compact the IR.
   if (can_reshape && progress == nullptr) {
@@ -2810,6 +2877,394 @@ Node *PhiNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
   return progress;              // Return any progress
 }
 
+// If an InlineType node references itself through a Phi (oop input):
+//
+//        /------ |
+//   InlineType   |
+// \   /          |
+//  Phi           |
+//   ^____________|
+//
+// and is pushed down through the Phi, the result is a new InlineType node that can be pushed down through the Phi
+// etc.
+//
+// To solve that problem, the code below finds InlineType nodes that are reachable from another InlineType node by
+// following the inline type node's oop inputs through Phis and casts such as, for instance:
+// (InlineType (Cast (Phi (InlineType oop
+// and replaces it with:
+// (InlineType (Cast (Phi oop
+// which requires cloning every Phi and cast nodes in the subgraph between the root InlineType and the leaf
+// InlineType node in this example.
+class PushInlineTypeDown {
+private:
+  // Find the inlineType nodes that can be reached from this Phi without going through another InlineType (those that
+  // must not reference another inline type node from their oop input through Phis and cast nodes)
+  void collect_nodes_from_phi() {
+    _nodes_from_phi.push(_root_phi);
+    for (uint i = 0; i < _nodes_from_phi.size(); ++i) {
+      Node* n = _nodes_from_phi.at(i);
+      if (n->is_Phi()) {
+        for (uint j = 1; j < n->req(); ++j) {
+          Node* in = n->in(j);
+          if (in != nullptr) {
+            _nodes_from_phi.push(in);
+          }
+        }
+      } else if (n->is_ConstraintCast()) {
+        Node* in = n->in(1);
+        if (in != nullptr) {
+          _nodes_from_phi.push(in);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  void collect_nodes_from_inline_types() {
+    // Only keep InlineType nodes
+    for (int i = _nodes_from_phi.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+      Node* n = _nodes_from_phi.at(i);
+      if (!n->is_InlineType()) {
+        _nodes_from_phi.remove(i);
+      }
+    }
+    DEBUG_ONLY(_init_nodes = _nodes_from_phi.size());
+    // Find the InlineType nodes reachable from the current set of inline type nodes.
+    for (uint i = 0; i < _nodes_from_phi.size(); ++i) {
+      Node* n = _nodes_from_phi.at(i);
+      if (n->is_Phi()) {
+        for (uint j = 1; j < n->req(); ++j) {
+          Node* in = n->in(j);
+          if (in != nullptr) {
+            _nodes_from_phi.push(in);
+          }
+        }
+      } else if (n->is_ConstraintCast()) {
+        Node* in = n->in(1);
+        if (in != nullptr) {
+          _nodes_from_phi.push(in);
+        }
+      } else if (n->is_InlineType()) {
+        Node* buf = n->as_InlineType()->get_oop();
+        if (buf != nullptr) {
+          _nodes_from_phi.push(buf);
+          _subgraph_to_clone.push(n);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  void collect_nodes_to_clone() {
+    collect_nodes_from_inline_types();
+
+    // Find the subgraph that must be cloned by following uses from inline types.
+    for (uint i = 0; i < _subgraph_to_clone.size(); ++i) {
+      Node* n = _subgraph_to_clone.at(i);
+      for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = n->fast_outs(imax); i < imax; i++) {
+        Node* u = n->fast_out(i);
+        if (_nodes_from_phi.member(u)) {
+          _subgraph_to_clone.push(u);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  void clone_nodes() {
+    for (uint i = 0; i < _subgraph_to_clone.size(); ++i) {
+      Node* n = _subgraph_to_clone.at(i);
+      assert(_clones[n->_idx] == nullptr, "shouldn't be cloned yet");
+      if (n->is_InlineType()) {
+        _clones.map(n->_idx, n->as_InlineType()->get_oop());
+      } else {
+        Node* clone = n->clone();
+        _phase->is_IterGVN()->register_new_node_with_optimizer(clone);
+        _clones.map(n->_idx, clone);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  Node* get_clone(Node* n) const {
+    Node* clone = nullptr;
+    while (true) {
+      Node* m = _clones[n->_idx];
+      if (m == nullptr) {
+        return clone;
+      }
+      clone = m;
+      n = clone;
+    }
+  }
+
+  void update_clone_node_edges() {
+    for (uint i = 0; i < _subgraph_to_clone.size(); ++i) {
+      Node* n = _subgraph_to_clone.at(i);
+      Node* n_clone = get_clone(n);
+      assert(n_clone != nullptr, "must be cloned");
+      if (n->is_Phi()) {
+        for (uint j = 1; j < n->req(); ++j) {
+          Node* in = n->in(j);
+          if (in != nullptr) {
+            Node* in_clone = get_clone(in);
+            if (in_clone != nullptr) {
+              n_clone->set_req(j, in_clone);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      } else if (n->is_ConstraintCast()) {
+        Node* in = n->in(1);
+        Node* in_clone = get_clone(in);
+        assert(in_clone != nullptr, "must be cloned");
+        n_clone->set_req(1, in_clone);
+      } else if (n->is_InlineType()) {
+        Node* in = n->as_InlineType()->get_oop();
+        Node* in_clone = get_clone(in);
+        if (in_clone != nullptr) {
+          _phase->is_IterGVN()->rehash_node_delayed(n);
+          n->as_InlineType()->set_oop(*_phase, in_clone);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  void clone_subgraph() {
+    clone_nodes();
+    update_clone_node_edges();
+  }
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  void verify_clone() {
+    uint vts_to_skip = 0;
+    uint before_phis = 0;
+    uint before_casts = 0;
+    for (uint i = 0; i < _nodes_from_phi.size(); ++i) {
+      Node *n = _nodes_from_phi.at(i);
+      if (n->is_Phi()) {
+        before_phis++;
+      } else if (n->is_ConstraintCast()) {
+        before_casts++;
+      } else if (n->is_InlineType()) {
+        Node* buf = n->as_InlineType()->get_oop();
+        if (buf != nullptr && i >= _init_nodes) {
+          vts_to_skip++;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    Unique_Node_List after;
+    after.push(_root_phi);
+    for (uint i = 0; i < after.size(); ++i) {
+      Node* n = after.at(i);
+      if (n->is_Phi()) {
+        for (uint j = 1; j < n->req(); ++j) {
+          Node* in = n->in(j);
+          if (in != nullptr) {
+            after.push(in);
+          }
+        }
+      } else if (n->is_ConstraintCast()) {
+        Node* in = n->in(1);
+        if (in != nullptr) {
+          after.push(in);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    for (int i = after.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+      Node* n = after.at(i);
+      if (!n->is_InlineType()) {
+        after.remove(i);
+      }
+    }
+    uint after_phis = 0;
+    uint after_casts = 0;
+    uint init_nodes = after.size();
+    for (uint i = 0; i < after.size(); ++i) {
+      Node* n = after.at(i);
+      if (n->is_Phi()) {
+        after_phis++;
+        for (uint j = 1; j < n->req(); ++j) {
+          Node *in = n->in(j);
+          if (in != nullptr) {
+            after.push(in);
+          }
+        }
+      } else if (n->is_ConstraintCast()) {
+        after_casts++;
+        Node* in = n->in(1);
+        if (in != nullptr) {
+          after.push(in);
+        }
+      } else if (n->is_InlineType()) {
+        assert(i < init_nodes, "");
+        Node* buf = n->as_InlineType()->get_oop();
+        if (buf != nullptr) {
+          after.push(buf);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    assert(after.size() + vts_to_skip == _nodes_from_phi.size(), "");
+    assert(before_casts == after_casts, "no cast should have been dropped");
+    assert(before_phis == after_phis, "no phi should");
+  }
+#endif
+
+  Node* do_transform(PhiNode* phi) {
+    assert(_inline_klass != nullptr, "must be");
+    InlineTypeNode* vt = InlineTypeNode::make_null(*_phase, _inline_klass, /* transform = */ false)->clone_with_phis(
+      _phase, phi->in(0), nullptr, !phi->type()->maybe_null(), true);
+    // Record that vt was created to replace phi to be able to use the inline type node when reaching the phi again
+    // through data loops.
+    _clones.map(phi->_idx, vt);
+    Node_List casts;
+    for (uint i = 1; i < phi->req(); ++i) {
+      Node* n = phi->in(i);
+      if (n == nullptr) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      while (n->is_ConstraintCast()) {
+        casts.push(n);
+        n = n->in(1);
+      }
+      if (_phase->type(n)->is_zero_type()) {
+        n = InlineTypeNode::make_null(*_phase, _inline_klass);
+      } else if (n->is_Phi()) {
+        assert(_can_reshape, "can only handle phis during IGVN");
+        Node* clone = get_clone(n);
+        if (clone != nullptr) {
+          n = clone;
+        } else {
+          n = _phase->transform(do_transform(n->as_Phi()));
+        }
+      }
+      while (casts.size() != 0) {
+        // Push the cast(s) through the InlineTypeNode
+        Node *cast = casts.pop()->clone();
+        cast->set_req_X(1, n->as_InlineType()->get_oop(), _phase);
+        n = n->clone();
+        n->as_InlineType()->set_oop(*_phase, _phase->transform(cast));
+        n = _phase->transform(n);
+        if (n->is_top()) {
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+      bool transform = !_can_reshape && (i == (phi->req() - 1)); // Transform phis on last merge
+      assert(n->is_top() || n->is_InlineType(), "Only InlineType or top at this point.");
+      if (n->is_InlineType()) {
+        vt->merge_with(_phase, n->as_InlineType(), i, transform);
+      } // else nothing to do: phis above vt created by clone_with_phis are initialized to top already.
+    }
+    return vt;
+
+  }
+
+  PhiNode* _root_phi;
+  PhaseGVN* _phase;
+  bool _can_reshape;
+  ciInlineKlass* _inline_klass;
+  Unique_Node_List _nodes_from_phi;
+  Unique_Node_List _subgraph_to_clone;
+  Node_List _clones;
+  DEBUG_ONLY(uint _init_nodes);
+
+public:
+
+  PushInlineTypeDown(PhiNode *root_phi, PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape)
+    : _root_phi(root_phi), _phase(phase), _can_reshape(can_reshape), _inline_klass(nullptr) {
+    collect_nodes_from_phi();
+  }
+
+  bool can_do_it() {
+    if (_root_phi->req() <= 2) {
+      // Dead phi.
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    for (uint next = 0; next < _nodes_from_phi.size(); next++) {
+      Node* n = _nodes_from_phi.at(next);
+      if (n->is_Phi()) {
+        assert(n->bottom_type()->isa_ptr(), "broken graph");
+        if (n != _root_phi && !_can_reshape) {
+          return false;
+        }
+        continue;
+      }
+      if (n->is_ConstraintCast()) {
+        if (n->in(0) != nullptr && n->in(0)->is_top()) {
+          // Will die, don't optimize
+          return false;
+        }
+        continue;
+      }
+      const Type* type = _phase->type(n);
+      if (n->is_InlineType()) {
+        if (_inline_klass == nullptr) {
+          _inline_klass = type->inline_klass();
+        } else if (_inline_klass != type->inline_klass()) {
+          return false;
+        }
+        continue;
+      }
+      if (!type->is_zero_type()) {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (_inline_klass == nullptr) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    // Check if cast nodes can be pushed through
+    const Type* t = Type::get_const_type(_inline_klass);
+    for (uint next = 0; next < _nodes_from_phi.size(); next++) {
+      Node* n = _nodes_from_phi.at(next);
+      if (n->is_ConstraintCast()) {
+        if (t->filter(n->bottom_type()) == Type::TOP) {
+          return false;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+
+
+  Node* do_it() {
+    if (_can_reshape) {
+      collect_nodes_to_clone();
+      clone_subgraph();
+      DEBUG_ONLY(verify_clone());
+      _clones.clear();
+    }
+    return do_transform(_root_phi);
+  }
+};
+
+
+// Check recursively if inputs are either an inline type, constant null
+// or another Phi (including self references through data loops). If so,
+// push the inline types down through the phis to enable folding of loads.
+Node* PhiNode::try_push_inline_types_down(PhaseGVN* phase, const bool can_reshape) {
+  if (!can_be_inline_type()) {
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  PushInlineTypeDown push_inline_type_down(this, phase, can_reshape);
+  if (push_inline_type_down.can_do_it()) {
+    return push_inline_type_down.do_it();
+  }
+  return this;
+}
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+bool PhiNode::can_push_inline_types_down(PhaseGVN* phase) {
+  if (!can_be_inline_type()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  PushInlineTypeDown push_inline_type_down(this, phase, false);
+  return push_inline_type_down.can_do_it();
+}
+#endif // ASSERT
+
 static int compare_types(const Type* const& e1, const Type* const& e2) {
   return (intptr_t)e1 - (intptr_t)e2;
 }
@@ -3199,6 +3654,12 @@ Node* CreateExNode::Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) {
   // We only come from CatchProj, unless the CatchProj goes away.
   // If the CatchProj is optimized away, then we just carry the
   // exception oop through.
+
+  // CheckCastPPNode::Ideal() for inline types reuses the exception
+  // paths of a call to perform an allocation: we can see a Phi here.
+  if (in(1)->is_Phi()) {
+    return this;
+  }
   CallNode *call = in(1)->in(0)->as_Call();
 
   return (in(0)->is_CatchProj() && in(0)->in(0)->is_Catch() &&
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.hpp
index 5f5e68255db..012fd3735ba 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.hpp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "opto/opcodes.hpp"
 #include "opto/predicates_enums.hpp"
 #include "opto/type.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 
 // Portions of code courtesy of Clifford Click
 
@@ -231,6 +232,7 @@ class PhiNode : public TypeNode {
     }
     return uin;
   }
+  Node* unique_constant_input_recursive(PhaseGVN* phase);
 
   // Check for a simple dead loop.
   enum LoopSafety { Safe = 0, Unsafe, UnsafeLoop };
@@ -257,6 +259,13 @@ class PhiNode : public TypeNode {
            type()->higher_equal(tp);
   }
 
+  bool can_be_inline_type() const {
+    return Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled() && _type->isa_instptr() && _type->is_instptr()->can_be_inline_type();
+  }
+
+  Node* try_push_inline_types_down(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape);
+  DEBUG_ONLY(bool can_push_inline_types_down(PhaseGVN* phase);)
+
   virtual const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const;
   virtual Node* Identity(PhaseGVN* phase);
   virtual Node *Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape);
@@ -468,6 +477,8 @@ class IfNode : public MultiBranchNode {
   // Returns null is it couldn't improve the type.
   static const TypeInt* filtered_int_type(PhaseGVN* phase, Node* val, Node* if_proj);
 
+  bool is_flat_array_check(PhaseTransform* phase, Node** array = nullptr);
+
   AssertionPredicateType assertion_predicate_type() const {
     return _assertion_predicate_type;
   }
@@ -757,6 +768,7 @@ class BlackholeNode : public MultiNode {
 public:
   BlackholeNode(Node* ctrl) : MultiNode(1) {
     init_req(TypeFunc::Control, ctrl);
+    init_class_id(Class_Blackhole);
   }
   virtual int   Opcode() const;
   virtual uint ideal_reg() const { return 0; } // not matched in the AD file
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/chaitin.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/chaitin.cpp
index 606d45d4a12..4e395996c34 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/chaitin.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/chaitin.cpp
@@ -1941,10 +1941,10 @@ Node* PhaseChaitin::find_base_for_derived(Node** derived_base_map, Node* derived
   // can't happen at run-time but the optimizer cannot deduce it so
   // we have to handle it gracefully.
   assert(!derived->bottom_type()->isa_narrowoop() ||
-          derived->bottom_type()->make_ptr()->is_ptr()->_offset == 0, "sanity");
+         derived->bottom_type()->make_ptr()->is_ptr()->offset() == 0, "sanity");
   const TypePtr *tj = derived->bottom_type()->isa_ptr();
   // If its an OOP with a non-zero offset, then it is derived.
-  if( tj == nullptr || tj->_offset == 0 ) {
+  if (tj == nullptr || tj->offset() == 0) {
     derived_base_map[derived->_idx] = derived;
     return derived;
   }
@@ -2110,9 +2110,9 @@ bool PhaseChaitin::stretch_base_pointer_live_ranges(ResourceArea *a) {
           Node *derived = lrgs(neighbor)._def;
           const TypePtr *tj = derived->bottom_type()->isa_ptr();
           assert(!derived->bottom_type()->isa_narrowoop() ||
-                  derived->bottom_type()->make_ptr()->is_ptr()->_offset == 0, "sanity");
+                 derived->bottom_type()->make_ptr()->is_ptr()->offset() == 0, "sanity");
           // If its an OOP with a non-zero offset, then it is derived.
-          if( tj && tj->_offset != 0 && tj->isa_oop_ptr() ) {
+          if (tj && tj->offset() != 0 && tj->isa_oop_ptr()) {
             Node *base = find_base_for_derived(derived_base_map, derived, maxlrg);
             assert(base->_idx < _lrg_map.size(), "");
             // Add reaching DEFs of derived pointer and base pointer as a
@@ -2402,7 +2402,7 @@ void PhaseChaitin::dump_for_spill_split_recycle() const {
 
 void PhaseChaitin::dump_frame() const {
   const char *fp = OptoReg::regname(OptoReg::c_frame_pointer);
-  const TypeTuple *domain = C->tf()->domain();
+  const TypeTuple *domain = C->tf()->domain_cc();
   const int        argcnt = domain->cnt() - TypeFunc::Parms;
 
   // Incoming arguments in registers dump
@@ -2463,7 +2463,27 @@ void PhaseChaitin::dump_frame() const {
   OptoReg::Name return_addr = _matcher.return_addr();
 
   reg = OptoReg::add(reg, -1);
+
+  // Special fixed slots
+  int current_slot = fixed_slots;
+  int stack_increment_slot = -1;
+  int nm_slot = -1;
+
+  auto next_slot = [&]() {
+    current_slot -= VMRegImpl::slots_per_word;
+    return current_slot;
+  };
+
+  if (C->needs_stack_repair()) {
+    stack_increment_slot = next_slot();
+  }
+  if (C->needs_nm_slot()) {
+    nm_slot = next_slot();
+  }
+  int orig_pc_slot = next_slot();
+
   while (OptoReg::is_stack(reg)) {
+    int stack_slot = (int)OptoReg::reg2stack(reg);
     tty->print("#r%3.3d %s+%2d: ",reg,fp,reg2offset_unchecked(reg));
     if (return_addr == reg) {
       tty->print_cr("return address");
@@ -2476,8 +2496,17 @@ void PhaseChaitin::dump_frame() const {
         tty->print_cr("<Majik cookie>   +VerifyStackAtCalls");
       else
         tty->print_cr("in_preserve");
-    } else if ((int)OptoReg::reg2stack(reg) < fixed_slots) {
-      tty->print_cr("Fixed slot %d", OptoReg::reg2stack(reg));
+    } else if (stack_slot < fixed_slots) {
+      tty->print("Fixed slot %d", OptoReg::reg2stack(reg));
+      if (stack_slot == stack_increment_slot) {
+        tty->print_cr(" (stack increment)");
+      } else if (stack_slot == nm_slot) {
+        tty->print_cr(" (null marker)");
+      } else if (stack_slot == orig_pc_slot) {
+        tty->print_cr(" (original deopt pc)");
+      } else {
+        tty->cr();
+      }
     } else {
       tty->print_cr("pad2, stack alignment");
     }
@@ -2611,11 +2640,11 @@ void PhaseChaitin::verify_base_ptrs(ResourceArea* a) const {
                     worklist.push(check->in(m));
                   }
                 } else if (check->is_Con()) {
-                  if (is_derived && check->bottom_type()->is_ptr()->_offset != 0) {
+                  if (is_derived && check->bottom_type()->is_ptr()->offset() != 0) {
                     // Derived is null+non-zero offset, base must be null.
                     assert(check->bottom_type()->is_ptr()->ptr() == TypePtr::Null, "Bad derived pointer");
                   } else {
-                    assert(check->bottom_type()->is_ptr()->_offset == 0, "Bad base pointer");
+                    assert(check->bottom_type()->is_ptr()->offset() == 0, "Bad base pointer");
                     // Base either ConP(nullptr) or loadConP
                     if (check->is_Mach()) {
                       assert(check->as_Mach()->ideal_Opcode() == Op_ConP, "Bad base pointer");
@@ -2624,7 +2653,7 @@ void PhaseChaitin::verify_base_ptrs(ResourceArea* a) const {
                              check->bottom_type()->is_ptr()->ptr() == TypePtr::Null, "Bad base pointer");
                     }
                   }
-                } else if (check->bottom_type()->is_ptr()->_offset == 0) {
+                } else if (check->bottom_type()->is_ptr()->offset() == 0) {
                   if (check->is_Proj() || (check->is_Mach() &&
                      (check->as_Mach()->ideal_Opcode() == Op_CreateEx ||
                       check->as_Mach()->ideal_Opcode() == Op_ThreadLocal ||
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.cpp
index 1cd6c52393b..891381cc38e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.cpp
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "opto/convertnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/countbitsnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/divnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/intrinsicnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/locknode.hpp"
 #include "opto/loopnode.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp
index 3527c6dad37..2ae993e535d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/classes.hpp
@@ -72,6 +72,7 @@ macro(CastII)
 macro(CastLL)
 macro(CastVV)
 macro(CastX2P)
+macro(CastI2N)
 macro(CastP2X)
 macro(CastPP)
 macro(Catch)
@@ -187,6 +188,7 @@ macro(EncodeP)
 macro(EncodePKlass)
 macro(FastLock)
 macro(FastUnlock)
+macro(FlatArrayCheck)
 macro(FmaD)
 macro(FmaF)
 macro(FmaHF)
@@ -352,6 +354,7 @@ macro(StoreD)
 macro(StoreF)
 macro(StoreI)
 macro(StoreL)
+macro(StoreLSpecial)
 macro(StoreP)
 macro(StoreN)
 macro(StoreNKlass)
@@ -378,6 +381,9 @@ macro(URShiftI)
 macro(URShiftL)
 macro(XorI)
 macro(XorL)
+macro(InlineType)
+macro(LoadFlat)
+macro(StoreFlat)
 macro(Vector)
 macro(AddVB)
 macro(AddVS)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
index 81be5eede49..c5c22c25bd4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
 
 #include "asm/macroAssembler.hpp"
 #include "asm/macroAssembler.inline.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciFlatArray.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciReplay.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
 #include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
@@ -59,6 +61,7 @@
 #include "opto/divnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/escape.hpp"
 #include "opto/idealGraphPrinter.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/locknode.hpp"
 #include "opto/loopnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/machnode.hpp"
@@ -66,7 +69,9 @@
 #include "opto/matcher.hpp"
 #include "opto/mathexactnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/memnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/movenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/mulnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/multnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/narrowptrnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/node.hpp"
 #include "opto/opaquenode.hpp"
@@ -81,6 +86,7 @@
 #include "opto/type.hpp"
 #include "opto/vector.hpp"
 #include "opto/vectornode.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "runtime/signature.hpp"
@@ -409,6 +415,12 @@ void Compile::remove_useless_node(Node* dead) {
   if (dead->for_post_loop_opts_igvn()) {
     remove_from_post_loop_opts_igvn(dead);
   }
+  if (dead->is_InlineType()) {
+    remove_inline_type(dead);
+  }
+  if (dead->is_LoadFlat() || dead->is_StoreFlat()) {
+    remove_flat_access(dead);
+  }
   if (dead->for_merge_stores_igvn()) {
     remove_from_merge_stores_igvn(dead);
   }
@@ -456,6 +468,9 @@ void Compile::disconnect_useless_nodes(Unique_Node_List& useful, Unique_Node_Lis
       assert(useful.member(n->unique_out()), "do not push a useless node");
       worklist.push(n->unique_out());
     }
+    if (n->outcnt() == 0) {
+      worklist.push(n);
+    }
   }
 
   remove_useless_nodes(_macro_nodes,        useful); // remove useless macro nodes
@@ -465,6 +480,13 @@ void Compile::disconnect_useless_nodes(Unique_Node_List& useful, Unique_Node_Lis
   remove_useless_nodes(_expensive_nodes,    useful); // remove useless expensive nodes
   remove_useless_nodes(_reachability_fences, useful); // remove useless node recorded for post loop opts IGVN pass
   remove_useless_nodes(_for_post_loop_igvn, useful); // remove useless node recorded for post loop opts IGVN pass
+  remove_useless_nodes(_inline_type_nodes,  useful); // remove useless inline type nodes
+  remove_useless_nodes(_flat_access_nodes, useful);  // remove useless flat access nodes
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  if (_modified_nodes != nullptr) {
+    _modified_nodes->remove_useless_nodes(useful.member_set());
+  }
+#endif
   remove_useless_nodes(_for_merge_stores_igvn, useful); // remove useless node recorded for merge stores IGVN pass
   remove_useless_unstable_if_traps(useful);          // remove useless unstable_if traps
   remove_useless_coarsened_locks(useful);            // remove useless coarsened locks nodes
@@ -652,8 +674,10 @@ Compile::Compile(ciEnv* ci_env, ciMethod* target, int osr_bci,
       _allow_macro_nodes(true),
       _inlining_progress(false),
       _inlining_incrementally(false),
+      _strength_reduction(false),
       _do_cleanup(false),
       _has_reserved_stack_access(target->has_reserved_stack_access()),
+      _has_circular_inline_type(false),
 #ifndef PRODUCT
       _igv_idx(0),
       _trace_opto_output(directive->TraceOptoOutputOption),
@@ -673,6 +697,8 @@ Compile::Compile(ciEnv* ci_env, ciMethod* target, int osr_bci,
       _expensive_nodes(comp_arena(), 8, 0, nullptr),
       _reachability_fences(comp_arena(), 8, 0, nullptr),
       _for_post_loop_igvn(comp_arena(), 8, 0, nullptr),
+      _inline_type_nodes (comp_arena(), 8, 0, nullptr),
+      _flat_access_nodes(comp_arena(), 8, 0, nullptr),
       _for_merge_stores_igvn(comp_arena(), 8, 0, nullptr),
       _unstable_if_traps(comp_arena(), 8, 0, nullptr),
       _coarsened_locks(comp_arena(), 8, 0, nullptr),
@@ -782,17 +808,15 @@ Compile::Compile(ciEnv* ci_env, ciMethod* target, int osr_bci,
     // Set up tf(), start(), and find a CallGenerator.
     CallGenerator* cg = nullptr;
     if (is_osr_compilation()) {
-      const TypeTuple *domain = StartOSRNode::osr_domain();
-      const TypeTuple *range = TypeTuple::make_range(method()->signature());
-      init_tf(TypeFunc::make(domain, range));
-      StartNode* s = new StartOSRNode(root(), domain);
+      init_tf(TypeFunc::make(method(), false, /* is_osr_compilation = */ true));
+      StartNode* s = new StartOSRNode(root(), tf()->domain_sig());
       initial_gvn()->set_type_bottom(s);
       verify_start(s);
       cg = CallGenerator::for_osr(method(), entry_bci());
     } else {
       // Normal case.
-      init_tf(TypeFunc::make(method()));
-      StartNode* s = new StartNode(root(), tf()->domain());
+      init_tf(TypeFunc::make(method(), false));
+      StartNode* s = new StartNode(root(), tf()->domain_cc());
       initial_gvn()->set_type_bottom(s);
       verify_start(s);
       float past_uses = method()->interpreter_invocation_count();
@@ -892,9 +916,33 @@ Compile::Compile(ciEnv* ci_env, ciMethod* target, int osr_bci,
     env()->dump_inline_data(_compile_id);
   }
 
-  // Now that we know the size of all the monitors we can add a fixed slot
-  // for the original deopt pc.
-  int next_slot = fixed_slots() + (sizeof(address) / VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size);
+  // Now that we know the size of all the monitors we can add fixed slots:
+  // [...]
+  // rsp+80: saved fp register
+  // rsp+76: Fixed slot 7
+  // rsp+72: Fixed slot 6 (stack increment)
+  // rsp+68: Fixed slot 5
+  // rsp+64: Fixed slot 4 (null marker)
+  // rsp+60: Fixed slot 3
+  // rsp+56: Fixed slot 2 (original deopt pc)
+  // rsp+52: Fixed slot 1
+  // rsp+48: Fixed slot 0 (monitors)
+  // rsp+44: spill
+  // [...]
+
+  // One extra slot for the original deopt pc.
+  int next_slot = fixed_slots();
+  next_slot += VMRegImpl::slots_per_word;
+
+  // One extra slot for the special stack increment value.
+  if (needs_stack_repair()) {
+    next_slot += VMRegImpl::slots_per_word;
+  }
+
+  // One extra slot to hold the null marker at scalarized returns.
+  if (needs_nm_slot()) {
+    next_slot += VMRegImpl::slots_per_word;
+  }
   set_fixed_slots(next_slot);
 
   // Compute when to use implicit null checks. Used by matching trap based
@@ -940,6 +988,7 @@ Compile::Compile(ciEnv* ci_env,
       _inlining_progress(false),
       _inlining_incrementally(false),
       _has_reserved_stack_access(false),
+      _has_circular_inline_type(false),
 #ifndef PRODUCT
       _igv_idx(0),
       _trace_opto_output(directive->TraceOptoOutputOption),
@@ -1099,6 +1148,11 @@ void Compile::Init(bool aliasing) {
 
   set_do_freq_based_layout(_directive->BlockLayoutByFrequencyOption);
   _loop_opts_cnt = LoopOptsCount;
+  _has_flat_accesses = false;
+  _flat_accesses_share_alias = true;
+  _scalarize_in_safepoints = false;
+  _needs_nm_slot = false;
+
   set_do_inlining(Inline);
   set_max_inline_size(MaxInlineSize);
   set_freq_inline_size(FreqInlineSize);
@@ -1370,7 +1424,7 @@ const TypePtr *Compile::flatten_alias_type( const TypePtr *tj ) const {
 
   // Process weird unsafe references.
   if (offset == Type::OffsetBot && (tj->isa_instptr() /*|| tj->isa_klassptr()*/)) {
-    assert(InlineUnsafeOps || StressReflectiveCode, "indeterminate pointers come only from unsafe ops");
+    assert(InlineUnsafeOps || StressReflectiveCode || UseAcmpFastPath, "indeterminate pointers come only from unsafe ops");
     assert(!is_known_inst, "scalarizable allocation should not have unsafe references");
     tj = TypeOopPtr::BOTTOM;
     ptr = tj->ptr();
@@ -1379,10 +1433,6 @@ const TypePtr *Compile::flatten_alias_type( const TypePtr *tj ) const {
 
   // Array pointers need some flattening
   const TypeAryPtr* ta = tj->isa_aryptr();
-  if (ta && ta->is_stable()) {
-    // Erase stability property for alias analysis.
-    tj = ta = ta->cast_to_stable(false);
-  }
   if( ta && is_known_inst ) {
     if ( offset != Type::OffsetBot &&
          offset > arrayOopDesc::length_offset_in_bytes() ) {
@@ -1403,20 +1453,19 @@ const TypePtr *Compile::flatten_alias_type( const TypePtr *tj ) const {
     }
 
     // Remove size and stability
-    const TypeAry* normalized_ary = TypeAry::make(ta->elem(), TypeInt::POS, false);
+    const TypeAry* normalized_ary = TypeAry::make(ta->elem(), TypeInt::POS, false, ta->is_flat(), ta->is_not_flat(), ta->is_not_null_free(), ta->is_atomic());
     // Remove ptr, const_oop, and offset
     if (ta->elem() == Type::BOTTOM) {
       // Bottom array (meet of int[] and byte[] for example), accesses to it will be done with
       // Unsafe. This should alias with all arrays. For now just leave it as it is (this is
       // incorrect, see JDK-8331133).
-      tj = ta = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, nullptr, normalized_ary, nullptr, false, Type::OffsetBot);
+      tj = ta = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, nullptr, normalized_ary, nullptr, false, Type::Offset::bottom);
     } else if (ta->elem()->make_oopptr() != nullptr) {
-      // Object arrays, all of them share the same slice
-      const TypeAry* tary = TypeAry::make(TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM, TypeInt::POS, false);
-      tj = ta = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, nullptr, tary, nullptr, false, Type::OffsetBot);
+      // Object arrays, keep field_offset
+      tj = ta = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, nullptr, normalized_ary, nullptr, ta->klass_is_exact(), Type::Offset::bottom, Type::Offset(ta->field_offset()));
     } else {
       // Primitive arrays
-      tj = ta = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, nullptr, normalized_ary, ta->exact_klass(), true, Type::OffsetBot);
+      tj = ta = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, nullptr, normalized_ary, ta->exact_klass(), true, Type::Offset::bottom);
     }
 
     // Arrays of bytes and of booleans both use 'bastore' and 'baload' so
@@ -1424,12 +1473,29 @@ const TypePtr *Compile::flatten_alias_type( const TypePtr *tj ) const {
     if (ta->elem() == TypeInt::BOOL) {
       tj = ta = TypeAryPtr::BYTES;
     }
+
+    // All arrays of references share the same slice
+    if (!ta->is_flat() && ta->elem()->make_oopptr() != nullptr) {
+      const TypeAry* tary = TypeAry::make(TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM, TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, true, true);
+      tj = ta = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, nullptr, tary, nullptr, false, Type::Offset::bottom);
+    }
+
+    if (ta->is_flat()) {
+      if (_flat_accesses_share_alias) {
+        // Initially all flattened array accesses share a single slice
+        tj = ta = TypeAryPtr::INLINES;
+      } else {
+        // Flat accesses are always exact
+        tj = ta = ta->cast_to_exactness(true);
+      }
+    }
   }
 
   // Oop pointers need some flattening
   const TypeInstPtr *to = tj->isa_instptr();
   if (to && to != TypeOopPtr::BOTTOM) {
     ciInstanceKlass* ik = to->instance_klass();
+    tj = to = to->cast_to_maybe_flat_in_array(); // flatten to maybe flat in array
     if( ptr == TypePtr::Constant ) {
       if (ik != ciEnv::current()->Class_klass() ||
           offset < ik->layout_helper_size_in_bytes()) {
@@ -1462,7 +1528,7 @@ const TypePtr *Compile::flatten_alias_type( const TypePtr *tj ) const {
       // First handle header references such as a LoadKlassNode, even if the
       // object's klass is unloaded at compile time (4965979).
       if (!is_known_inst) { // Do it only for non-instance types
-        tj = to = TypeInstPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, env()->Object_klass(), false, nullptr, offset);
+        tj = to = TypeInstPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, env()->Object_klass(), false, nullptr, Type::Offset(offset));
       }
     } else if (offset < 0 || offset >= ik->layout_helper_size_in_bytes()) {
       // Static fields are in the space above the normal instance
@@ -1483,10 +1549,12 @@ const TypePtr *Compile::flatten_alias_type( const TypePtr *tj ) const {
       // but if not exact, it may include extra interfaces: build new type from the holder class to make sure only
       // its interfaces are included.
       if (xk && ik->equals(canonical_holder)) {
-        assert(tj == TypeInstPtr::make(to->ptr(), canonical_holder, is_known_inst, nullptr, offset, instance_id), "exact type should be canonical type");
+        assert(tj == TypeInstPtr::make(to->ptr(), canonical_holder, is_known_inst, nullptr, Type::Offset(offset), instance_id,
+                                       TypePtr::MaybeFlat), "exact type should be canonical type");
       } else {
         assert(xk || !is_known_inst, "Known instance should be exact type");
-        tj = to = TypeInstPtr::make(to->ptr(), canonical_holder, is_known_inst, nullptr, offset, instance_id);
+        tj = to = TypeInstPtr::make(to->ptr(), canonical_holder, is_known_inst, nullptr, Type::Offset(offset), instance_id,
+                                    TypePtr::MaybeFlat);
       }
     }
   }
@@ -1501,18 +1569,18 @@ const TypePtr *Compile::flatten_alias_type( const TypePtr *tj ) const {
     if ( offset == Type::OffsetBot || (offset >= 0 && (size_t)offset < sizeof(Klass)) ) {
       tj = tk = TypeInstKlassPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull,
                                        env()->Object_klass(),
-                                       offset);
+                                       Type::Offset(offset),
+                                       TypePtr::MaybeFlat);
     }
 
     if (tk->isa_aryklassptr() && tk->is_aryklassptr()->elem()->isa_klassptr()) {
       ciKlass* k = ciObjArrayKlass::make(env()->Object_klass());
       if (!k || !k->is_loaded()) {                  // Only fails for some -Xcomp runs
-        tj = tk = TypeInstKlassPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull, env()->Object_klass(), offset);
+        tj = tk = TypeInstKlassPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull, env()->Object_klass(), Type::Offset(offset), TypePtr::MaybeFlat);
       } else {
-        tj = tk = TypeAryKlassPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull, tk->is_aryklassptr()->elem(), k, offset);
+        tj = tk = TypeAryKlassPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull, tk->is_aryklassptr()->elem(), k, Type::Offset(offset), tk->is_not_flat(), tk->is_not_null_free(), tk->is_flat(), tk->is_null_free(), tk->is_atomic(), tk->is_aryklassptr()->is_refined_type());
       }
     }
-
     // Check for precise loads from the primary supertype array and force them
     // to the supertype cache alias index.  Check for generic array loads from
     // the primary supertype array and also force them to the supertype cache
@@ -1642,14 +1710,17 @@ void Compile::grow_alias_types() {
 
 
 //--------------------------------find_alias_type------------------------------
-Compile::AliasType* Compile::find_alias_type(const TypePtr* adr_type, bool no_create, ciField* original_field) {
+Compile::AliasType* Compile::find_alias_type(const TypePtr* adr_type, bool no_create, ciField* original_field, bool uncached) {
   if (!do_aliasing()) {
     return alias_type(AliasIdxBot);
   }
 
-  AliasCacheEntry* ace = probe_alias_cache(adr_type);
-  if (ace->_adr_type == adr_type) {
-    return alias_type(ace->_index);
+  AliasCacheEntry* ace = nullptr;
+  if (!uncached) {
+    ace = probe_alias_cache(adr_type);
+    if (ace->_adr_type == adr_type) {
+      return alias_type(ace->_index);
+    }
   }
 
   // Handle special cases.
@@ -1699,14 +1770,23 @@ Compile::AliasType* Compile::find_alias_type(const TypePtr* adr_type, bool no_cr
           && flat->is_instptr()->instance_klass() == env()->Class_klass())
         alias_type(idx)->set_rewritable(false);
     }
+    ciField* field = nullptr;
     if (flat->isa_aryptr()) {
 #ifdef ASSERT
       const int header_size_min  = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_BYTE);
       // (T_BYTE has the weakest alignment and size restrictions...)
       assert(flat->offset() < header_size_min, "array body reference must be OffsetBot");
 #endif
+      const Type* elemtype = flat->is_aryptr()->elem();
       if (flat->offset() == TypePtr::OffsetBot) {
-        alias_type(idx)->set_element(flat->is_aryptr()->elem());
+        alias_type(idx)->set_element(elemtype);
+      }
+      int field_offset = flat->is_aryptr()->field_offset().get();
+      if (flat->is_flat() &&
+          field_offset != Type::OffsetBot) {
+        ciInlineKlass* vk = elemtype->inline_klass();
+        field_offset += vk->payload_offset();
+        field = vk->get_field_by_offset(field_offset, false);
       }
     }
     if (flat->isa_klassptr()) {
@@ -1720,6 +1800,8 @@ Compile::AliasType* Compile::find_alias_type(const TypePtr* adr_type, bool no_cr
         alias_type(idx)->set_rewritable(false);
       if (flat->offset() == in_bytes(Klass::java_mirror_offset()))
         alias_type(idx)->set_rewritable(false);
+      if (flat->offset() == in_bytes(Klass::layout_helper_offset()))
+        alias_type(idx)->set_rewritable(false);
       if (flat->offset() == in_bytes(Klass::secondary_super_cache_offset()))
         alias_type(idx)->set_rewritable(false);
     }
@@ -1736,38 +1818,50 @@ Compile::AliasType* Compile::find_alias_type(const TypePtr* adr_type, bool no_cr
     // Check for final fields.
     const TypeInstPtr* tinst = flat->isa_instptr();
     if (tinst && tinst->offset() >= instanceOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes()) {
-      ciField* field;
       if (tinst->const_oop() != nullptr &&
           tinst->instance_klass() == ciEnv::current()->Class_klass() &&
           tinst->offset() >= (tinst->instance_klass()->layout_helper_size_in_bytes())) {
         // static field
         ciInstanceKlass* k = tinst->const_oop()->as_instance()->java_lang_Class_klass()->as_instance_klass();
         field = k->get_field_by_offset(tinst->offset(), true);
+      } else if (tinst->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+        // Inline type field
+        ciInlineKlass* vk = tinst->inline_klass();
+        field = vk->get_field_by_offset(tinst->offset(), false);
       } else {
         ciInstanceKlass *k = tinst->instance_klass();
         field = k->get_field_by_offset(tinst->offset(), false);
       }
-      assert(field == nullptr ||
-             original_field == nullptr ||
-             (field->holder() == original_field->holder() &&
-              field->offset_in_bytes() == original_field->offset_in_bytes() &&
-              field->is_static() == original_field->is_static()), "wrong field?");
-      // Set field() and is_rewritable() attributes.
-      if (field != nullptr)  alias_type(idx)->set_field(field);
+    }
+    assert(field == nullptr ||
+           original_field == nullptr ||
+           (field->holder() == original_field->holder() &&
+            field->offset_in_bytes() == original_field->offset_in_bytes() &&
+            field->is_static() == original_field->is_static()), "wrong field?");
+    // Set field() and is_rewritable() attributes.
+    if (field != nullptr) {
+      alias_type(idx)->set_field(field);
+      if (flat->isa_aryptr()) {
+        // Fields of flat arrays are rewritable although they are declared final
+        assert(flat->is_flat(), "must be a flat array");
+        alias_type(idx)->set_rewritable(true);
+      }
     }
   }
 
   // Fill the cache for next time.
-  ace->_adr_type = adr_type;
-  ace->_index    = idx;
-  assert(alias_type(adr_type) == alias_type(idx),  "type must be installed");
+  if (!uncached) {
+    ace->_adr_type = adr_type;
+    ace->_index    = idx;
+    assert(alias_type(adr_type) == alias_type(idx),  "type must be installed");
 
-  // Might as well try to fill the cache for the flattened version, too.
-  AliasCacheEntry* face = probe_alias_cache(flat);
-  if (face->_adr_type == nullptr) {
-    face->_adr_type = flat;
-    face->_index    = idx;
-    assert(alias_type(flat) == alias_type(idx), "flat type must work too");
+    // Might as well try to fill the cache for the flattened version, too.
+    AliasCacheEntry* face = probe_alias_cache(flat);
+    if (face->_adr_type == nullptr) {
+      face->_adr_type = flat;
+      face->_index    = idx;
+      assert(alias_type(flat) == alias_type(idx), "flat type must work too");
+    }
   }
 
   return alias_type(idx);
@@ -1889,6 +1983,595 @@ void Compile::process_for_post_loop_opts_igvn(PhaseIterGVN& igvn) {
   }
 }
 
+void Compile::add_inline_type(Node* n) {
+  assert(n->is_InlineType(), "unexpected node");
+  _inline_type_nodes.push(n);
+}
+
+void Compile::remove_inline_type(Node* n) {
+  assert(n->is_InlineType(), "unexpected node");
+  if (_inline_type_nodes.contains(n)) {
+    _inline_type_nodes.remove(n);
+  }
+}
+
+// Does the return value keep otherwise useless inline type allocations alive?
+static bool return_val_keeps_allocations_alive(Node* ret_val) {
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  Unique_Node_List wq;
+  wq.push(ret_val);
+  bool some_allocations = false;
+  for (uint i = 0; i < wq.size(); i++) {
+    Node* n = wq.at(i);
+    if (n->outcnt() > 1) {
+      // Some other use for the allocation
+      return false;
+    } else if (n->is_InlineType()) {
+      wq.push(n->in(1));
+    } else if (n->is_Phi()) {
+      for (uint j = 1; j < n->req(); j++) {
+        wq.push(n->in(j));
+      }
+    } else if (n->is_CheckCastPP() &&
+               n->in(1)->is_Proj() &&
+               n->in(1)->in(0)->is_Allocate()) {
+      some_allocations = true;
+    } else if (n->is_CheckCastPP() || n->is_CastPP()) {
+      wq.push(n->in(1));
+    }
+  }
+  return some_allocations;
+}
+
+bool Compile::clear_argument_if_only_used_as_buffer_at_calls(Node* result_cast, PhaseIterGVN& igvn) {
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  Unique_Node_List wq;
+  wq.push(result_cast);
+  Node_List calls;
+  for (uint i = 0; i < wq.size(); ++i) {
+    Node* n = wq.at(i);
+    for (DUIterator_Fast jmax, j = n->fast_outs(jmax); j < jmax; j++) {
+      Node* u = n->fast_out(j);
+      if (u->is_Phi()) {
+        wq.push(u);
+      } else if (u->is_InlineType() && u->as_InlineType()->get_oop() == n) {
+        wq.push(u);
+      } else if (u->is_CallJava()) {
+        CallJavaNode* call = u->as_CallJava();
+        if (call->method() != nullptr && call->method()->mismatch()) {
+          return false;
+        }
+        uint nargs = call->tf()->domain_cc()->cnt();
+        for (uint k = TypeFunc::Parms; k < nargs; k++) {
+          Node* in = call->in(k);
+          if (in == n && (call->method() == nullptr || !call->method()->is_scalarized_buffer_arg(k - TypeFunc::Parms))) {
+            return false;
+          }
+        }
+        calls.push(call);
+      } else if (u->Opcode() == Op_EncodeP) {
+        wq.push(u);
+      } else if (u->is_AddP()) {
+        wq.push(u);
+      } else if (u->is_Store() && u->in(MemNode::Address) == n) {
+        // storing to the buffer is fine
+      } else if (u->is_SafePoint()) {
+        SafePointNode* sfpt = u->as_SafePoint();
+        int input = u->find_edge(n);
+        JVMState* jvms = sfpt->jvms();
+        if (jvms != nullptr) {
+          if (input < (int)jvms->debug_start()) {
+            return false;
+          }
+        }
+      } else {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  for (uint i = 0; i < calls.size(); ++i) {
+    CallJavaNode* call = calls.at(i)->as_CallJava();
+    uint nargs = call->tf()->domain_cc()->cnt();
+    for (uint k = TypeFunc::Parms; k < nargs; k++) {
+      Node* in = call->in(k);
+      if (wq.member(in)) {
+        assert(call->method()->is_scalarized_buffer_arg(k - TypeFunc::Parms), "only buffer argument removed here");
+        igvn.replace_input_of(call, k, igvn.zerocon(T_OBJECT));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+void Compile::process_inline_types(PhaseIterGVN &igvn, bool remove) {
+  // Make sure that the return value does not keep an otherwise unused allocation alive
+  if (tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields()) {
+    Node* ret = nullptr;
+    for (uint i = 1; i < root()->req(); i++) {
+      Node* in = root()->in(i);
+      if (in->Opcode() == Op_Return) {
+        assert(ret == nullptr, "only one return");
+        ret = in;
+      }
+    }
+    if (ret != nullptr) {
+      Node* ret_val = ret->in(TypeFunc::Parms);
+      if (igvn.type(ret_val)->isa_oopptr() &&
+          return_val_keeps_allocations_alive(ret_val)) {
+        igvn.replace_input_of(ret, TypeFunc::Parms, InlineTypeNode::tagged_klass(igvn.type(ret_val)->inline_klass(), igvn));
+        assert(ret_val->outcnt() == 0, "should be dead now");
+        igvn.remove_dead_node(ret_val, PhaseIterGVN::NodeOrigin::Graph);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  // if a newly allocated object is a value that's only passed as argument to calls as (possibly null) buffers, then
+  // clear the call argument inputs so the allocation node can be removed
+  for (int i = 0; i < C->macro_count(); ++i) {
+    Node* macro_node = C->macro_node(i);
+    if (macro_node->Opcode() == Op_Allocate) {
+      AllocateNode* allocate = macro_node->as_Allocate();
+      Node* result_cast = allocate->result_cast();
+      if (result_cast != nullptr) {
+        const Type* result_type = igvn.type(result_cast);
+        if (result_type->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+          clear_argument_if_only_used_as_buffer_at_calls(result_cast, igvn);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (_inline_type_nodes.length() == 0) {
+    // keep the graph canonical
+    igvn.optimize();
+    return;
+  }
+  // Scalarize inline types in safepoint debug info.
+  // Delay this until all inlining is over to avoid getting inconsistent debug info.
+  set_scalarize_in_safepoints(true);
+  for (int i = _inline_type_nodes.length()-1; i >= 0; i--) {
+    InlineTypeNode* vt = _inline_type_nodes.at(i)->as_InlineType();
+    vt->make_scalar_in_safepoints(&igvn);
+    igvn.record_for_igvn(vt);
+  }
+  if (remove) {
+    // Remove inline type nodes by replacing them with their oop input
+    while (_inline_type_nodes.length() > 0) {
+      InlineTypeNode* vt = _inline_type_nodes.pop()->as_InlineType();
+      if (vt->outcnt() == 0) {
+        igvn.remove_dead_node(vt, PhaseIterGVN::NodeOrigin::Graph);
+        continue;
+      }
+      for (DUIterator i = vt->outs(); vt->has_out(i); i++) {
+        DEBUG_ONLY(bool must_be_buffered = false);
+        Node* u = vt->out(i);
+        // Check if any users are blackholes. If so, rewrite them to use either the
+        // allocated buffer, or individual components, instead of the inline type node
+        // that goes away.
+        if (u->is_Blackhole()) {
+          BlackholeNode* bh = u->as_Blackhole();
+
+          // Unlink the old input
+          int idx = bh->find_edge(vt);
+          assert(idx != -1, "The edge should be there");
+          bh->del_req(idx);
+          --i;
+
+          if (vt->is_allocated(&igvn)) {
+            // Already has the allocated instance, blackhole that
+            bh->add_req(vt->get_oop());
+          } else {
+            // Not allocated yet, blackhole the components
+            for (uint c = 0; c < vt->field_count(); c++) {
+              bh->add_req(vt->field_value(c));
+            }
+          }
+
+          // Node modified, record for IGVN
+          igvn.record_for_igvn(bh);
+        }
+#ifdef ASSERT
+        // Verify that inline type is buffered when replacing by oop
+        else if (u->is_InlineType()) {
+          // InlineType uses don't need buffering because they are about to be replaced as well
+        } else {
+          must_be_buffered = true;
+        }
+        if (must_be_buffered && !vt->is_allocated(&igvn)) {
+          vt->dump(0);
+          u->dump(0);
+          assert(false, "Should have been buffered");
+        }
+#endif
+      }
+      igvn.replace_node(vt, vt->get_oop());
+    }
+  }
+  igvn.optimize();
+}
+
+void Compile::add_flat_access(Node* n) {
+  assert(n != nullptr && (n->Opcode() == Op_LoadFlat || n->Opcode() == Op_StoreFlat), "unexpected node %s", n == nullptr ? "nullptr" : n->Name());
+  assert(!_flat_access_nodes.contains(n), "duplicate insertion");
+  _flat_access_nodes.push(n);
+}
+
+void Compile::remove_flat_access(Node* n) {
+  assert(n != nullptr && (n->Opcode() == Op_LoadFlat || n->Opcode() == Op_StoreFlat), "unexpected node %s", n == nullptr ? "nullptr" : n->Name());
+  _flat_access_nodes.remove_if_existing(n);
+}
+
+void Compile::process_flat_accesses(PhaseIterGVN& igvn) {
+  assert(igvn._worklist.size() == 0, "should be empty");
+  igvn.set_delay_transform(true);
+  for (int i = _flat_access_nodes.length() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+    Node* n = _flat_access_nodes.at(i);
+    assert(n != nullptr, "unexpected nullptr");
+    if (n->is_LoadFlat()) {
+      LoadFlatNode* loadn = n->as_LoadFlat();
+      // Expending a flat load atomically means that we get a chunk of memory spanning multiple fields
+      // that we chop with bitwise operations. That is too subtle for some optimizations, especially
+      // constant folding when fields are constant. If we can get a constant object from which we are
+      // flat-loading, we can simply replace the loads at compilation-time by the field of the constant
+      // object.
+      ciInstance* loaded_from = nullptr;
+      if (FoldStableValues) {
+        const TypeOopPtr* base_type = igvn.type(loadn->base())->is_oopptr();
+        ciObject* oop = base_type->const_oop();
+        int off = igvn.type(loadn->ptr())->isa_ptr()->offset();
+
+        if (oop != nullptr && oop->is_instance()) {
+          ciInstance* holder = oop->as_instance();
+          ciKlass* klass = holder->klass();
+          ciInstanceKlass* iklass = klass->as_instance_klass();
+          ciField* field = iklass->get_non_flat_field_by_offset(off);
+
+          if (field->is_stable()) {
+            ciConstant fv = holder->field_value(field);
+            if (is_reference_type(fv.basic_type()) && fv.as_object()->is_instance()) {
+              // The field value is an object, not null. We can use stability.
+              loaded_from = fv.as_object()->as_instance();
+            }
+          }
+        } else if (oop != nullptr && oop->is_array() && off != Type::OffsetBot) {
+          ciArray* array = oop->as_array();
+          ciConstant elt = array->element_value_by_offset(off);
+          const TypeAryPtr* aryptr = base_type->is_aryptr();
+          if (aryptr->is_stable() && aryptr->is_atomic() && is_reference_type(elt.basic_type()) && elt.as_object()->is_instance()) {
+            loaded_from = elt.as_object()->as_instance();
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (loaded_from != nullptr) {
+        loadn->expand_constant(igvn, loaded_from);
+      } else {
+        loadn->expand_atomic(igvn);
+      }
+    } else {
+      n->as_StoreFlat()->expand_atomic(igvn);
+    }
+  }
+  _flat_access_nodes.clear_and_deallocate();
+  igvn.set_delay_transform(false);
+  igvn.optimize();
+}
+
+void Compile::adjust_flat_array_access_aliases(PhaseIterGVN& igvn) {
+  DEBUG_ONLY(igvn.verify_empty_worklist(nullptr));
+  if (!_has_flat_accesses) {
+    return;
+  }
+  // Initially, all flat array accesses share the same slice to
+  // keep dependencies with Object[] array accesses (that could be
+  // to a flat array) correct. We're done with parsing so we
+  // now know all flat array accesses in this compile
+  // unit. Let's move flat array accesses to their own slice,
+  // one per element field. This should help memory access
+  // optimizations.
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  Unique_Node_List wq;
+  wq.push(root());
+
+  Node_List mergememnodes;
+  Node_List memnodes;
+
+  // Alias index currently shared by all flat memory accesses
+  int index = get_alias_index(TypeAryPtr::INLINES);
+
+  // Find MergeMem nodes and flat array accesses
+  for (uint i = 0; i < wq.size(); i++) {
+    Node* n = wq.at(i);
+    if (n->is_Mem()) {
+      const TypePtr* adr_type = nullptr;
+      adr_type = get_adr_type(get_alias_index(n->adr_type()));
+      if (adr_type == TypeAryPtr::INLINES) {
+        memnodes.push(n);
+      }
+    } else if (n->is_MergeMem()) {
+      MergeMemNode* mm = n->as_MergeMem();
+      if (mm->memory_at(index) != mm->base_memory()) {
+        mergememnodes.push(n);
+      }
+    }
+    for (uint j = 0; j < n->req(); j++) {
+      Node* m = n->in(j);
+      if (m != nullptr) {
+        wq.push(m);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  _flat_accesses_share_alias = false;
+
+  // We are going to change the slice for the flat array
+  // accesses so we need to clear the cache entries that refer to
+  // them.
+  for (uint i = 0; i < AliasCacheSize; i++) {
+    AliasCacheEntry* ace = &_alias_cache[i];
+    if (ace->_adr_type != nullptr &&
+        ace->_adr_type->is_flat()) {
+      ace->_adr_type = nullptr;
+      ace->_index = (i != 0) ? 0 : AliasIdxTop; // Make sure the nullptr adr_type resolves to AliasIdxTop
+    }
+  }
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  for (uint i = 0; i < memnodes.size(); i++) {
+    Node* m = memnodes.at(i);
+    const TypePtr* adr_type = m->adr_type();
+    m->as_Mem()->set_adr_type(adr_type);
+  }
+#endif // ASSERT
+
+  int start_alias = num_alias_types(); // Start of new aliases
+  Node_Stack stack(0);
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  VectorSet seen(Thread::current()->resource_area());
+#endif
+  // Now let's fix the memory graph so each flat array access
+  // is moved to the right slice. Start from the MergeMem nodes.
+  uint last = unique();
+  for (uint i = 0; i < mergememnodes.size(); i++) {
+    MergeMemNode* current = mergememnodes.at(i)->as_MergeMem();
+    if (current->outcnt() == 0) {
+      // This node is killed by a previous iteration
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    Node* n = current->memory_at(index);
+    MergeMemNode* mm = nullptr;
+    do {
+      // Follow memory edges through memory accesses, phis and
+      // narrow membars and push nodes on the stack. Once we hit
+      // bottom memory, we pop element off the stack one at a
+      // time, in reverse order, and move them to the right slice
+      // by changing their memory edges.
+      if ((n->is_Phi() && n->adr_type() != TypePtr::BOTTOM) || n->is_Mem() ||
+          (n->adr_type() == TypeAryPtr::INLINES && !n->is_NarrowMemProj())) {
+        assert(!seen.test_set(n->_idx), "");
+        // Uses (a load for instance) will need to be moved to the
+        // right slice as well and will get a new memory state
+        // that we don't know yet. The use could also be the
+        // backedge of a loop. We put a place holder node between
+        // the memory node and its uses. We replace that place
+        // holder with the correct memory state once we know it,
+        // i.e. when nodes are popped off the stack. Using the
+        // place holder make the logic work in the presence of
+        // loops.
+        if (n->outcnt() > 1) {
+          Node* place_holder = nullptr;
+          assert(!n->has_out_with(Op_Node), "");
+          for (DUIterator k = n->outs(); n->has_out(k); k++) {
+            Node* u = n->out(k);
+            if (u != current && u->_idx < last) {
+              bool success = false;
+              for (uint l = 0; l < u->req(); l++) {
+                if (!stack.is_empty() && u == stack.node() && l == stack.index()) {
+                  continue;
+                }
+                Node* in = u->in(l);
+                if (in == n) {
+                  if (place_holder == nullptr) {
+                    place_holder = new Node(1);
+                    place_holder->init_req(0, n);
+                  }
+                  igvn.replace_input_of(u, l, place_holder);
+                  success = true;
+                }
+              }
+              if (success) {
+                --k;
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        if (n->is_Phi()) {
+          stack.push(n, 1);
+          n = n->in(1);
+        } else if (n->is_Mem()) {
+          stack.push(n, n->req());
+          n = n->in(MemNode::Memory);
+        } else {
+          assert(n->is_Proj() && n->in(0)->Opcode() == Op_MemBarCPUOrder, "");
+          stack.push(n, n->req());
+          n = n->in(0)->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
+        }
+      } else {
+        assert(n->adr_type() == TypePtr::BOTTOM || (n->Opcode() == Op_Node && n->_idx >= last) || n->is_NarrowMemProj(), "");
+        // Build a new MergeMem node to carry the new memory state
+        // as we build it. IGVN should fold extraneous MergeMem
+        // nodes.
+        if (n->is_NarrowMemProj()) {
+          // We need 1 NarrowMemProj for each slice of this array
+          InitializeNode* init = n->in(0)->as_Initialize();
+          AllocateNode* alloc = init->allocation();
+          Node* klass_node = alloc->in(AllocateNode::KlassNode);
+          const TypeAryKlassPtr* klass_type = klass_node->bottom_type()->isa_aryklassptr();
+          assert(klass_type != nullptr, "must be an array");
+          assert(klass_type->klass_is_exact(), "must be an exact klass");
+          ciArrayKlass* klass = klass_type->exact_klass()->as_array_klass();
+          assert(klass->is_flat_array_klass(), "must be a flat array");
+          ciInlineKlass* elem_klass = klass->element_klass()->as_inline_klass();
+          const TypeAryPtr* oop_type = klass_type->as_exact_instance_type()->is_aryptr();
+          assert(oop_type->klass_is_exact(), "must be an exact klass");
+
+          Node* base = alloc->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
+          assert(base->bottom_type() == Type::MEMORY, "the memory input of AllocateNode must be a memory");
+          assert(base->adr_type() == TypePtr::BOTTOM, "the memory input of AllocateNode must be a bottom memory");
+          // Must create a MergeMem with base as the base memory, do not clone if base is a
+          // MergeMem because it may not be processed yet
+          mm = MergeMemNode::make(nullptr);
+          mm->set_base_memory(base);
+          for (int j = 0; j < elem_klass->nof_nonstatic_fields(); j++) {
+            int field_offset = elem_klass->nonstatic_field_at(j)->offset_in_bytes() - elem_klass->payload_offset();
+            const TypeAryPtr* field_ptr = oop_type->with_offset(Type::OffsetBot)->with_field_offset(field_offset);
+            int field_alias_idx = get_alias_index(field_ptr);
+            assert(field_ptr == get_adr_type(field_alias_idx), "must match");
+            Node* new_proj = new NarrowMemProjNode(init, field_ptr);
+            igvn.register_new_node_with_optimizer(new_proj);
+            mm->set_memory_at(field_alias_idx, new_proj);
+          }
+          if (!klass->is_elem_null_free()) {
+            int nm_offset = elem_klass->null_marker_offset_in_payload();
+            const TypeAryPtr* nm_ptr = oop_type->with_offset(Type::OffsetBot)->with_field_offset(nm_offset);
+            int nm_alias_idx = get_alias_index(nm_ptr);
+            assert(nm_ptr == get_adr_type(nm_alias_idx), "must match");
+            Node* new_proj = new NarrowMemProjNode(init, nm_ptr);
+            igvn.register_new_node_with_optimizer(new_proj);
+            mm->set_memory_at(nm_alias_idx, new_proj);
+          }
+
+          // Replace all uses of the old NarrowMemProj with the correct state
+          MergeMemNode* new_n = MergeMemNode::make(mm);
+          igvn.register_new_node_with_optimizer(new_n);
+          igvn.replace_node(n, new_n);
+        } else {
+          // Must create a MergeMem with n as the base memory, do not clone if n is a MergeMem
+          // because it may not be processed yet
+          mm = MergeMemNode::make(nullptr);
+          mm->set_base_memory(n);
+        }
+
+        igvn.register_new_node_with_optimizer(mm);
+        while (stack.size() > 0) {
+          Node* m = stack.node();
+          uint idx = stack.index();
+          if (m->is_Mem()) {
+            // Move memory node to its new slice
+            const TypePtr* adr_type = m->adr_type();
+            int alias = get_alias_index(adr_type);
+            Node* prev = mm->memory_at(alias);
+            igvn.replace_input_of(m, MemNode::Memory, prev);
+            mm->set_memory_at(alias, m);
+          } else if (m->is_Phi()) {
+            // We need as many new phis as there are new aliases
+            Node* new_phi_in = MergeMemNode::make(mm);
+            igvn.register_new_node_with_optimizer(new_phi_in);
+            igvn.replace_input_of(m, idx, new_phi_in);
+            if (idx == m->req()-1) {
+              Node* r = m->in(0);
+              for (int j = start_alias; j < num_alias_types(); j++) {
+                const TypePtr* adr_type = get_adr_type(j);
+                if (!adr_type->isa_aryptr() || !adr_type->is_flat()) {
+                  continue;
+                }
+                Node* phi = new PhiNode(r, Type::MEMORY, get_adr_type(j));
+                igvn.register_new_node_with_optimizer(phi);
+                for (uint k = 1; k < m->req(); k++) {
+                  phi->init_req(k, m->in(k)->as_MergeMem()->memory_at(j));
+                }
+                mm->set_memory_at(j, phi);
+              }
+              Node* base_phi = new PhiNode(r, Type::MEMORY, TypePtr::BOTTOM);
+              igvn.register_new_node_with_optimizer(base_phi);
+              for (uint k = 1; k < m->req(); k++) {
+                base_phi->init_req(k, m->in(k)->as_MergeMem()->base_memory());
+              }
+              mm->set_base_memory(base_phi);
+            }
+          } else {
+            // This is a MemBarCPUOrder node from
+            // Parse::array_load()/Parse::array_store(), in the
+            // branch that handles flat arrays hidden under
+            // an Object[] array. We also need one new membar per
+            // new alias to keep the unknown access that the
+            // membars protect properly ordered with accesses to
+            // known flat array.
+            assert(m->is_Proj(), "projection expected");
+            Node* ctrl = m->in(0)->in(TypeFunc::Control);
+            igvn.replace_input_of(m->in(0), TypeFunc::Control, top());
+            for (int j = start_alias; j < num_alias_types(); j++) {
+              const TypePtr* adr_type = get_adr_type(j);
+              if (!adr_type->isa_aryptr() || !adr_type->is_flat()) {
+                continue;
+              }
+              MemBarNode* mb = new MemBarCPUOrderNode(this, j, nullptr);
+              igvn.register_new_node_with_optimizer(mb);
+              Node* mem = mm->memory_at(j);
+              mb->init_req(TypeFunc::Control, ctrl);
+              mb->init_req(TypeFunc::Memory, mem);
+              ctrl = new ProjNode(mb, TypeFunc::Control);
+              igvn.register_new_node_with_optimizer(ctrl);
+              mem = new ProjNode(mb, TypeFunc::Memory);
+              igvn.register_new_node_with_optimizer(mem);
+              mm->set_memory_at(j, mem);
+            }
+            igvn.replace_node(m->in(0)->as_Multi()->proj_out(TypeFunc::Control), ctrl);
+          }
+          if (idx < m->req()-1) {
+            idx += 1;
+            stack.set_index(idx);
+            n = m->in(idx);
+            break;
+          }
+          // Take care of place holder nodes
+          if (m->has_out_with(Op_Node)) {
+            Node* place_holder = m->find_out_with(Op_Node);
+            if (place_holder != nullptr) {
+              Node* mm_clone = mm->clone();
+              igvn.register_new_node_with_optimizer(mm_clone);
+              Node* hook = new Node(1);
+              hook->init_req(0, mm);
+              igvn.replace_node(place_holder, mm_clone);
+              hook->destruct(&igvn);
+            }
+            assert(!m->has_out_with(Op_Node), "place holder should be gone now");
+          }
+          stack.pop();
+        }
+      }
+    } while(stack.size() > 0);
+    // Fix the memory state at the MergeMem we started from
+    igvn.rehash_node_delayed(current);
+    for (int j = start_alias; j < num_alias_types(); j++) {
+      const TypePtr* adr_type = get_adr_type(j);
+      if (!adr_type->isa_aryptr() || !adr_type->is_flat()) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      current->set_memory_at(j, mm);
+    }
+    current->set_memory_at(index, current->base_memory());
+  }
+  igvn.optimize();
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  wq.clear();
+  wq.push(root());
+  for (uint i = 0; i < wq.size(); i++) {
+    Node* n = wq.at(i);
+    assert(n->adr_type() != TypeAryPtr::INLINES, "should have been removed from the graph");
+    for (uint j = 0; j < n->req(); j++) {
+      Node* m = n->in(j);
+      if (m != nullptr) {
+        wq.push(m);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+
+  print_method(PHASE_SPLIT_INLINES_ARRAY, 2);
+}
+
 void Compile::record_for_merge_stores_igvn(Node* n) {
   if (!n->for_merge_stores_igvn()) {
     assert(!_for_merge_stores_igvn.contains(n), "duplicate");
@@ -2007,7 +2690,7 @@ void Compile::process_for_unstable_if_traps(PhaseIterGVN& igvn) {
         Node* local = unc->local(jvms, i);
         // kill local using the liveness of next_bci.
         // give up when the local looks like an operand to secure reexecution.
-        if (!live_locals.at(i) && !local->is_top() && local != lhs && local!= rhs) {
+        if (!live_locals.at(i) && !local->is_top() && local != lhs && local != rhs) {
           uint idx = jvms->locoff() + i;
 #ifdef ASSERT
           if (PrintOpto && Verbose) {
@@ -2022,7 +2705,7 @@ void Compile::process_for_unstable_if_traps(PhaseIterGVN& igvn) {
       }
     }
 
-    // keep the mondified trap for late query
+    // keep the modified trap for late query
     if (modified) {
       trap->set_modified();
     } else {
@@ -2260,7 +2943,11 @@ void Compile::process_late_inline_calls_no_inline(PhaseIterGVN& igvn) {
   // Tracking and verification of modified nodes is disabled by setting "_modified_nodes == nullptr"
   // as if "inlining_incrementally() == true" were set.
   assert(inlining_incrementally() == false, "not allowed");
-  assert(_modified_nodes == nullptr, "not allowed");
+  set_strength_reduction(true);
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  Unique_Node_List* modified_nodes = _modified_nodes;
+  _modified_nodes = nullptr;
+#endif
   assert(_late_inlines.length() > 0, "sanity");
 
   if (StressIncrementalInlining) {
@@ -2277,6 +2964,8 @@ void Compile::process_late_inline_calls_no_inline(PhaseIterGVN& igvn) {
 
     inline_incrementally_cleanup(igvn);
   }
+  DEBUG_ONLY( _modified_nodes = modified_nodes; )
+  set_strength_reduction(false);
 }
 
 bool Compile::optimize_loops(PhaseIterGVN& igvn, LoopOptsMode mode) {
@@ -2422,8 +3111,24 @@ void Compile::Optimize() {
   // safepoints
   remove_root_to_sfpts_edges(igvn);
 
+  // Process inline type nodes now that all inlining is over
+  process_inline_types(igvn);
+
+  adjust_flat_array_access_aliases(igvn);
+
   if (failing())  return;
 
+  if (C->macro_count() > 0) {
+    // Eliminate some macro nodes before EA to reduce analysis pressure
+    PhaseMacroExpand mexp(igvn);
+    mexp.eliminate_macro_nodes(/* eliminate_locks= */ false);
+    if (failing()) {
+      return;
+    }
+    igvn.set_delay_transform(false);
+    print_method(PHASE_ITER_GVN_AFTER_ELIMINATION, 2);
+  }
+
   _print_phase_loop_opts = has_loops();
   if (_print_phase_loop_opts) {
     print_method(PHASE_BEFORE_LOOP_OPTS, 2);
@@ -2435,10 +3140,23 @@ void Compile::Optimize() {
       // Cleanup graph (remove dead nodes).
       TracePhase tp(_t_idealLoop);
       PhaseIdealLoop::optimize(igvn, LoopOptsMaxUnroll);
-      if (failing())  return;
+      if (failing()) {
+        return;
+      }
+      print_method(PHASE_PHASEIDEAL_BEFORE_EA, 2);
+      if (C->macro_count() > 0) {
+        // Eliminate some macro nodes before EA to reduce analysis pressure
+        PhaseMacroExpand mexp(igvn);
+        mexp.eliminate_macro_nodes(/* eliminate_locks= */ false);
+        if (failing()) {
+          return;
+        }
+        igvn.set_delay_transform(false);
+        print_method(PHASE_ITER_GVN_AFTER_ELIMINATION, 2);
+      }
     }
+
     bool progress;
-    print_method(PHASE_PHASEIDEAL_BEFORE_EA, 2);
     do {
       ConnectionGraph::do_analysis(this, &igvn);
 
@@ -2456,13 +3174,12 @@ void Compile::Optimize() {
         TracePhase tp(_t_macroEliminate);
         PhaseMacroExpand mexp(igvn);
         mexp.eliminate_macro_nodes();
-        if (failing()) return;
+        if (failing()) {
+          return;
+        }
         print_method(PHASE_AFTER_MACRO_ELIMINATION, 2);
 
         igvn.set_delay_transform(false);
-        igvn.optimize();
-        if (failing()) return;
-
         print_method(PHASE_ITER_GVN_AFTER_ELIMINATION, 2);
       }
 
@@ -2477,6 +3194,11 @@ void Compile::Optimize() {
     } while (progress);
   }
 
+  process_flat_accesses(igvn);
+  if (failing()) {
+    return;
+  }
+
   // Loop transforms on the ideal graph.  Range Check Elimination,
   // peeling, unrolling, etc.
 
@@ -2564,10 +3286,30 @@ void Compile::Optimize() {
   bs->verify_gc_barriers(this, BarrierSetC2::BeforeMacroExpand);
 #endif
 
+  if (_late_inlines.length() > 0) {
+    // More opportunities to optimize virtual and MH calls.
+    // Though it's maybe too late to perform inlining, strength-reducing them to direct calls is still an option.
+    process_late_inline_calls_no_inline(igvn);
+    if (failing()) {
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+  assert(_late_inlines.length() == 0, "late inline queue must be drained");
+
+  // Process inline types before macro expansion. Otherwise, we will not be able to
+  // remove unused allocations because it cannot match the expanded allocation.
+  process_inline_types(igvn);
+
   {
     TracePhase tp(_t_macroExpand);
+    PhaseMacroExpand mex(igvn);
+    // Last attempt to eliminate macro nodes.
+    mex.eliminate_macro_nodes();
+    if (failing()) {
+      return;
+    }
+
     print_method(PHASE_BEFORE_MACRO_EXPANSION, 3);
-    PhaseMacroExpand  mex(igvn);
     // Do not allow new macro nodes once we start to eliminate and expand
     C->reset_allow_macro_nodes();
     // Last attempt to eliminate macro nodes before expand
@@ -2587,6 +3329,10 @@ void Compile::Optimize() {
     print_method(PHASE_AFTER_MACRO_EXPANSION, 2);
   }
 
+  // Process inline type nodes again and remove them. From here
+  // on we don't need to keep track of field values anymore.
+  process_inline_types(igvn, /* remove= */ true);
+
   {
     TracePhase tp(_t_barrierExpand);
     if (bs->expand_barriers(this, igvn)) {
@@ -2603,16 +3349,9 @@ void Compile::Optimize() {
   }
 
   DEBUG_ONLY( _modified_nodes = nullptr; )
+  DEBUG_ONLY( _late_inlines.clear(); )
 
   assert(igvn._worklist.size() == 0, "not empty");
-
-  if (_late_inlines.length() > 0) {
-    // More opportunities to optimize virtual and MH calls.
-    // Though it's maybe too late to perform inlining, strength-reducing them to direct calls is still an option.
-    process_late_inline_calls_no_inline(igvn);
-    if (failing())  return;
-  }
-  assert(_late_inlines.length() == 0, "late inline queue must be drained");
  } // (End scope of igvn; run destructor if necessary for asserts.)
 
  check_no_dead_use();
@@ -3329,7 +4068,7 @@ void Compile::final_graph_reshaping_main_switch(Node* n, Final_Reshape_Counts& f
       new_call->init_req(TypeFunc::Memory, C->top());
       new_call->init_req(TypeFunc::ReturnAdr, C->top());
       new_call->init_req(TypeFunc::FramePtr, C->top());
-      for (unsigned int i = TypeFunc::Parms; i < call->tf()->domain()->cnt(); i++) {
+      for (unsigned int i = TypeFunc::Parms; i < call->tf()->domain_sig()->cnt(); i++) {
         new_call->init_req(i, call->in(i));
       }
       n->subsume_by(new_call, this);
@@ -3376,6 +4115,7 @@ void Compile::final_graph_reshaping_main_switch(Node* n, Final_Reshape_Counts& f
   case Op_StoreC:
   case Op_StoreI:
   case Op_StoreL:
+  case Op_StoreLSpecial:
   case Op_CompareAndSwapB:
   case Op_CompareAndSwapS:
   case Op_CompareAndSwapI:
@@ -3931,6 +4671,11 @@ void Compile::final_graph_reshaping_main_switch(Node* n, Final_Reshape_Counts& f
     break;
   }
 #ifdef ASSERT
+  case Op_InlineType: {
+    n->dump(-1);
+    assert(false, "inline type node was not removed");
+    break;
+  }
   case Op_ConNKlass: {
     const TypePtr* tp = n->as_Type()->type()->make_ptr();
     ciKlass* klass = tp->is_klassptr()->exact_klass();
@@ -4303,8 +5048,8 @@ bool Compile::needs_clinit_barrier(ciInstanceKlass* holder, ciMethod* accessing_
       // Access inside a class. The barrier can be elided when access happens in <clinit>,
       // <init>, or a static method. In all those cases, there was an initialization
       // barrier on the holder klass passed.
-      if (accessing_method->is_static_initializer() ||
-          accessing_method->is_object_initializer() ||
+      if (accessing_method->is_class_initializer() ||
+          accessing_method->is_object_constructor() ||
           accessing_method->is_static()) {
         return false;
       }
@@ -4312,7 +5057,7 @@ bool Compile::needs_clinit_barrier(ciInstanceKlass* holder, ciMethod* accessing_
       // Access from a subclass. The barrier can be elided only when access happens in <clinit>.
       // In case of <init> or a static method, the barrier is on the subclass is not enough:
       // child class can become fully initialized while its parent class is still being initialized.
-      if (accessing_method->is_static_initializer()) {
+      if (accessing_method->is_class_initializer()) {
         return false;
       }
     }
@@ -4382,9 +5127,10 @@ void Compile::verify_bidirectional_edges(Unique_Node_List& visited, const Unique
       } else if (in == nullptr) {
         assert(i == 0 || i >= n->req() ||
                n->is_Region() || n->is_Phi() || n->is_ArrayCopy() ||
+               (n->is_Allocate() && i >= AllocateNode::InlineType) ||
                (n->is_Unlock() && i == (n->req() - 1)) ||
                (n->is_MemBar() && i == 5), // the precedence edge to a membar can be removed during macro node expansion
-              "only region, phi, arraycopy, unlock or membar nodes have null data edges");
+              "only region, phi, arraycopy, allocate, unlock or membar nodes have null data edges");
       } else {
         assert(in->is_top(), "sanity");
         // Nothing to check.
@@ -4535,6 +5281,13 @@ Compile::SubTypeCheckResult Compile::static_subtype_check(const TypeKlassPtr* su
   if (superk->isa_aryklassptr()) {
     int ignored;
     superelem = superk->is_aryklassptr()->base_element_type(ignored);
+
+    // Do not fold the subtype check to an array klass pointer comparison for null-able inline type arrays
+    // because null-free [LMyValue <: null-able [LMyValue but the klasses are different. Perform a full test.
+    if (!superk->is_aryklassptr()->is_null_free() && superk->is_aryklassptr()->elem()->isa_instklassptr() &&
+        superk->is_aryklassptr()->elem()->is_instklassptr()->instance_klass()->is_inlinetype()) {
+      return SSC_full_test;
+    }
   }
 
   if (superelem->isa_instklassptr()) {
@@ -5371,6 +6124,8 @@ Node* Compile::narrow_value(BasicType bt, Node* value, const Type* type, PhaseGV
     result = new AndINode(value, mask);
   } else if (bt == T_CHAR) {
     result = new AndINode(value,phase->intcon(0xFFFF));
+  } else if (bt == T_FLOAT) {
+    result = new MoveI2FNode(value);
   } else {
     assert(bt == T_SHORT, "unexpected narrow type");
     result = phase->transform(new LShiftINode(value, phase->intcon(16)));
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp
index ab36f59a28f..70d758d37be 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "runtime/timerTrace.hpp"
 #include "runtime/vmThread.hpp"
+#include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
 #include "utilities/ticks.hpp"
 #include "utilities/vmEnums.hpp"
 
@@ -53,6 +54,7 @@ class AddPNode;
 class Block;
 class Bundle;
 class CallGenerator;
+class CallNode;
 class CallStaticJavaNode;
 class CloneMap;
 class CompilationFailureInfo;
@@ -97,6 +99,7 @@ class TypeVect;
 class Type_Array;
 class Unique_Node_List;
 class UnstableIfTrap;
+class InlineTypeNode;
 class nmethod;
 class Node_Stack;
 struct Final_Reshape_Counts;
@@ -336,6 +339,7 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
   bool                  _major_progress;
   bool                  _inlining_progress;     // progress doing incremental inlining?
   bool                  _inlining_incrementally;// Are we doing incremental inlining (post parse)
+  bool                  _strength_reduction;    // Are we doing strength reduction to direct call
   bool                  _do_cleanup;            // Cleanup is needed before proceeding with incremental inlining
   bool                  _has_loops;             // True if the method _may_ have some loops
   bool                  _has_split_ifs;         // True if the method _may_ have some split-if
@@ -343,6 +347,8 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
   bool                  _has_stringbuilder;     // True StringBuffers or StringBuilders are allocated
   bool                  _has_boxed_value;       // True if a boxed object is allocated
   bool                  _has_reserved_stack_access; // True if the method or an inlined method is annotated with ReservedStackAccess
+  bool                  _has_circular_inline_type; // True if method loads an inline type with a circular, non-flat field
+  bool                  _needs_nm_slot;         // True if an extra stack slot is needed to hold the null marker at scalarized returns
   uint                  _max_vector_size;       // Maximum size of generated vectors
   bool                  _clear_upper_avx;       // Clear upper bits of ymm registers using vzeroupper
   uint                  _trap_hist[trapHistLength];  // Cumulative traps
@@ -370,6 +376,9 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
   bool                  _has_scoped_access;     // For shared scope closure
   bool                  _clinit_barrier_on_entry; // True if clinit barrier is needed on nmethod entry
   int                   _loop_opts_cnt;         // loop opts round
+  bool                  _has_flat_accesses;     // Any known flat array accesses?
+  bool                  _flat_accesses_share_alias; // Initially all flat array share a single slice
+  bool                  _scalarize_in_safepoints; // Scalarize inline types in safepoint debug info
   uint                  _stress_seed;           // Seed for stress testing
 
   // Compilation environment.
@@ -389,6 +398,8 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
   GrowableArray<Node*>  _expensive_nodes;       // List of nodes that are expensive to compute and that we'd better not let the GVN freely common
   GrowableArray<ReachabilityFenceNode*> _reachability_fences; // List of reachability fences
   GrowableArray<Node*>  _for_post_loop_igvn;    // List of nodes for IGVN after loop opts are over
+  GrowableArray<Node*>  _inline_type_nodes;     // List of InlineType nodes
+  GrowableArray<Node*>  _flat_access_nodes;     // List of LoadFlat and StoreFlat nodes
   GrowableArray<Node*>  _for_merge_stores_igvn; // List of nodes for IGVN merge stores
   GrowableArray<UnstableIfTrap*> _unstable_if_traps;        // List of ifnodes after IGVN
   GrowableArray<Node_List*> _coarsened_locks;   // List of coarsened Lock and Unlock nodes
@@ -602,6 +613,8 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
   bool              inlining_progress() const   { return _inlining_progress; }
   void          set_inlining_incrementally(bool z) { _inlining_incrementally = z; }
   bool              inlining_incrementally() const { return _inlining_incrementally; }
+  void          set_strength_reduction(bool z)  { _strength_reduction = z; }
+  bool              strength_reduction() const  { return _strength_reduction; }
   void          set_do_cleanup(bool z)          { _do_cleanup = z; }
   bool              do_cleanup() const          { return _do_cleanup; }
   bool              major_progress() const      { return _major_progress; }
@@ -624,6 +637,8 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
   void          set_has_boxed_value(bool z)     { _has_boxed_value = z; }
   bool              has_reserved_stack_access() const { return _has_reserved_stack_access; }
   void          set_has_reserved_stack_access(bool z) { _has_reserved_stack_access = z; }
+  bool              has_circular_inline_type() const { return _has_circular_inline_type; }
+  void          set_has_circular_inline_type(bool z) { _has_circular_inline_type = z; }
   uint              max_vector_size() const     { return _max_vector_size; }
   void          set_max_vector_size(uint s)     { _max_vector_size = s; }
   bool              clear_upper_avx() const     { return _clear_upper_avx; }
@@ -658,6 +673,18 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
   void       set_node_count_inlining_cutoff(uint n) { _node_count_inlining_cutoff = n; }
   bool              clinit_barrier_on_entry()       { return _clinit_barrier_on_entry; }
   void          set_clinit_barrier_on_entry(bool z) { _clinit_barrier_on_entry = z; }
+  void          set_flat_accesses()              { _has_flat_accesses = true; }
+  bool          flat_accesses_share_alias() const { return _flat_accesses_share_alias; }
+  void          set_flat_accesses_share_alias(bool z) { _flat_accesses_share_alias = z; }
+  bool          scalarize_in_safepoints() const { return _scalarize_in_safepoints; }
+  void          set_scalarize_in_safepoints(bool z) { _scalarize_in_safepoints = z; }
+
+  // Support for scalarized inline type calling convention
+  bool              has_scalarized_args() const  { return _method != nullptr && _method->has_scalarized_args(); }
+  bool              needs_stack_repair()  const  { return _method != nullptr && _method->c2_needs_stack_repair(); }
+  bool              needs_nm_slot()       const  { return _needs_nm_slot; }
+  void          set_needs_nm_slot(bool v)        { _needs_nm_slot = v; }
+
   bool              has_monitors() const         { return _has_monitors; }
   void          set_has_monitors(bool v)         { _has_monitors = v; }
   bool              has_scoped_access() const    { return _has_scoped_access; }
@@ -799,6 +826,27 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
   void remove_from_post_loop_opts_igvn(Node* n);
   void process_for_post_loop_opts_igvn(PhaseIterGVN& igvn);
 
+  // Keep track of inline type nodes for later processing
+  void add_inline_type(Node* n);
+  void remove_inline_type(Node* n);
+
+  bool clear_argument_if_only_used_as_buffer_at_calls(Node* result_cast, PhaseIterGVN& igvn);
+
+  void process_inline_types(PhaseIterGVN &igvn, bool remove = false);
+
+  void add_flat_access(Node* n);
+  void remove_flat_access(Node* n);
+  void process_flat_accesses(PhaseIterGVN& igvn);
+
+  template <class F>
+  void for_each_flat_access(F consumer) {
+    for (int i = _flat_access_nodes.length() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+      consumer(_flat_access_nodes.at(i));
+    }
+  }
+
+  void adjust_flat_array_access_aliases(PhaseIterGVN& igvn);
+
   void record_unstable_if_trap(UnstableIfTrap* trap);
   bool remove_unstable_if_trap(CallStaticJavaNode* unc, bool yield);
   void remove_useless_unstable_if_traps(Unique_Node_List &useful);
@@ -982,11 +1030,11 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
   }
 
   AliasType*        alias_type(int                idx)  { assert(idx < num_alias_types(), "oob"); return _alias_types[idx]; }
-  AliasType*        alias_type(const TypePtr* adr_type, ciField* field = nullptr) { return find_alias_type(adr_type, false, field); }
+  AliasType*        alias_type(const TypePtr* adr_type, ciField* field = nullptr, bool uncached = false) { return find_alias_type(adr_type, false, field, uncached); }
   bool         have_alias_type(const TypePtr* adr_type);
   AliasType*        alias_type(ciField*         field);
 
-  int               get_alias_index(const TypePtr* at)  { return alias_type(at)->index(); }
+  int               get_alias_index(const TypePtr* at, bool uncached = false) { return alias_type(at, nullptr, uncached)->index(); }
   const TypePtr*    get_adr_type(uint aidx)             { return alias_type(aidx)->adr_type(); }
   int               get_general_index(uint aidx)        { return alias_type(aidx)->general_index(); }
 
@@ -1237,7 +1285,7 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
   void grow_alias_types();
   AliasCacheEntry* probe_alias_cache(const TypePtr* adr_type);
   const TypePtr *flatten_alias_type(const TypePtr* adr_type) const;
-  AliasType* find_alias_type(const TypePtr* adr_type, bool no_create, ciField* field);
+  AliasType* find_alias_type(const TypePtr* adr_type, bool no_create, ciField* field, bool uncached = false);
 
   void verify_top(Node*) const PRODUCT_RETURN;
 
@@ -1331,7 +1379,7 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
   // Convert integer value to a narrowed long type dependent on ctrl (for example, a range check)
   static Node* constrained_convI2L(PhaseGVN* phase, Node* value, const TypeInt* itype, Node* ctrl, bool carry_dependency = false);
 
-  // Auxiliary methods for randomized fuzzing/stressing
+  // Auxiliary method for randomized fuzzing/stressing
   int random();
   bool randomized_select(int count);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/convertnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/convertnode.cpp
index a495814da61..cb710864c72 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/convertnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/convertnode.cpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include "opto/connode.hpp"
 #include "opto/convertnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/divnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/matcher.hpp"
 #include "opto/movenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/mulnode.hpp"
@@ -66,6 +67,12 @@ const Type* Conv2BNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
 }
 
 Node* Conv2BNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
+  if (in(1)->is_InlineType()) {
+    // Null checking a scalarized but nullable inline type. Check the null marker
+    // input instead of the oop input to avoid keeping buffer allocations alive.
+    set_req_X(1, in(1)->as_InlineType()->get_null_marker(), phase);
+    return this;
+  }
   if (!Matcher::match_rule_supported(Op_Conv2B)) {
     if (phase->C->post_loop_opts_phase()) {
       // Get type of comparison to make
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp
index 1687ff2cade..d2026541abd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp
@@ -1658,7 +1658,7 @@ DivModLNode* DivModLNode::make(Node* div_or_mod) {
 
 //------------------------------match------------------------------------------
 // return result(s) along with their RegMask info
-Node *DivModINode::match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match ) {
+Node *DivModINode::match(const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match, const RegMask* mask) {
   uint ideal_reg = proj->ideal_reg();
   RegMask rm;
   if (proj->_con == first_proj_num) {
@@ -1673,7 +1673,7 @@ Node *DivModINode::match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match ) {
 
 //------------------------------match------------------------------------------
 // return result(s) along with their RegMask info
-Node *DivModLNode::match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match ) {
+Node *DivModLNode::match(const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match, const RegMask* mask) {
   uint ideal_reg = proj->ideal_reg();
   RegMask rm;
   if (proj->_con == first_proj_num) {
@@ -1711,7 +1711,7 @@ UDivModLNode* UDivModLNode::make(Node* div_or_mod) {
 
 //------------------------------match------------------------------------------
 // return result(s) along with their RegMask info
-Node* UDivModINode::match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match ) {
+Node* UDivModINode::match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* match, const RegMask* mask) {
   uint ideal_reg = proj->ideal_reg();
   RegMask rm;
   if (proj->_con == first_proj_num) {
@@ -1726,7 +1726,7 @@ Node* UDivModINode::match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match ) {
 
 //------------------------------match------------------------------------------
 // return result(s) along with their RegMask info
-Node* UDivModLNode::match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match ) {
+Node* UDivModLNode::match( const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* match, const RegMask* mask) {
   uint ideal_reg = proj->ideal_reg();
   RegMask rm;
   if (proj->_con == first_proj_num) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp
index 366e3fb882d..129d04f19f1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ class DivModINode : public DivModNode {
   DivModINode(Node* ctrl, Node* dividend, Node* divisor) : DivModNode(ctrl, dividend, divisor) {}
   virtual int Opcode() const;
   virtual const Type *bottom_type() const { return TypeTuple::INT_PAIR; }
-  virtual Node *match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m );
+  virtual Node *match(const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m, const RegMask* mask);
 
   // Make a divmod and associated projections from a div or mod.
   static DivModINode* make(Node* div_or_mod);
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ class DivModLNode : public DivModNode {
   DivModLNode(Node* ctrl, Node* dividend, Node* divisor) : DivModNode(ctrl, dividend, divisor) {}
   virtual int Opcode() const;
   virtual const Type *bottom_type() const { return TypeTuple::LONG_PAIR; }
-  virtual Node *match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m );
+  virtual Node *match(const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m, const RegMask* mask);
 
   // Make a divmod and associated projections from a div or mod.
   static DivModLNode* make(Node* div_or_mod);
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ class UDivModINode : public DivModNode {
   UDivModINode(Node* ctrl, Node* dividend, Node* divisor) : DivModNode(ctrl, dividend, divisor) {}
   virtual int Opcode() const;
   virtual const Type *bottom_type() const { return TypeTuple::INT_PAIR; }
-  virtual Node *match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m );
+  virtual Node* match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* m, const RegMask* mask);
 
   // Make a divmod and associated projections from a div or mod.
   static UDivModINode* make(Node* div_or_mod);
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ class UDivModLNode : public DivModNode {
   UDivModLNode(Node* ctrl, Node* dividend, Node* divisor) : DivModNode(ctrl, dividend, divisor) {}
   virtual int Opcode() const;
   virtual const Type *bottom_type() const { return TypeTuple::LONG_PAIR; }
-  virtual Node *match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m );
+  virtual Node* match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* m, const RegMask* mask);
 
   // Make a divmod and associated projections from a div or mod.
   static UDivModLNode* make(Node* div_or_mod);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/doCall.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/doCall.cpp
index 90454408a43..4dc5404e598 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/doCall.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/doCall.cpp
@@ -25,10 +25,12 @@
 #include "ci/ciCallSite.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciMethodHandle.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciSymbols.hpp"
+#include "classfile/vmIntrinsics.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compileBroker.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compileLog.hpp"
 #include "interpreter/linkResolver.hpp"
+#include "jvm_io.h"
 #include "logging/log.hpp"
 #include "logging/logLevel.hpp"
 #include "logging/logMessage.hpp"
@@ -38,6 +40,7 @@
 #include "opto/castnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/cfgnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/graphKit.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/mulnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/parse.hpp"
 #include "opto/rootnode.hpp"
@@ -46,6 +49,7 @@
 #include "prims/methodHandles.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
+#include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
 #if INCLUDE_JFR
 #include "jfr/jfr.hpp"
 #endif
@@ -632,7 +636,7 @@ void Parse::do_call() {
 
   // Additional receiver subtype checks for interface calls via invokespecial or invokeinterface.
   ciKlass* receiver_constraint = nullptr;
-  if (iter().cur_bc_raw() == Bytecodes::_invokespecial && !orig_callee->is_object_initializer()) {
+  if (iter().cur_bc_raw() == Bytecodes::_invokespecial && !orig_callee->is_object_constructor()) {
     ciInstanceKlass* calling_klass = method()->holder();
     ciInstanceKlass* sender_klass = calling_klass;
     if (sender_klass->is_interface()) {
@@ -647,9 +651,14 @@ void Parse::do_call() {
     Node* receiver_node = stack(sp() - nargs);
     Node* cls_node = makecon(TypeKlassPtr::make(receiver_constraint, Type::trust_interfaces));
     Node* bad_type_ctrl = nullptr;
-    Node* casted_receiver = gen_checkcast(receiver_node, cls_node, &bad_type_ctrl);
+    SafePointNode* new_cast_failure_map = nullptr;
+    Node* casted_receiver = gen_checkcast(receiver_node, cls_node, &bad_type_ctrl, &new_cast_failure_map);
     if (bad_type_ctrl != nullptr) {
       PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
+      if (new_cast_failure_map != nullptr) {
+        // The current map on the success path could have been modified. Use the dedicated failure path map.
+        set_map(new_cast_failure_map);
+      }
       set_control(bad_type_ctrl);
       uncommon_trap(Deoptimization::Reason_class_check,
                     Deoptimization::Action_none);
@@ -674,6 +683,10 @@ void Parse::do_call() {
   // This call checks with CHA, the interpreter profile, intrinsics table, etc.
   // It decides whether inlining is desirable or not.
   CallGenerator* cg = C->call_generator(callee, vtable_index, call_does_dispatch, jvms, try_inline, prof_factor(), speculative_receiver_type);
+  if (failing()) {
+    return;
+  }
+  assert(cg != nullptr, "must find a CallGenerator for callee %s", callee->name()->as_utf8());
 
   // NOTE:  Don't use orig_callee and callee after this point!  Use cg->method() instead.
   orig_callee = callee = nullptr;
@@ -760,7 +773,7 @@ void Parse::do_call() {
         BasicType rt = rtype->basic_type();
         BasicType ct = ctype->basic_type();
         if (ct == T_VOID) {
-          // It's OK for a method  to return a value that is discarded.
+          // It's OK for a method to return a value that is discarded.
           // The discarding does not require any special action from the caller.
           // The Java code knows this, at VerifyType.isNullConversion.
           pop_node(rt);  // whatever it was, pop it
@@ -818,6 +831,28 @@ void Parse::do_call() {
     if (is_reference_type(ct)) {
       record_profiled_return_for_speculation();
     }
+
+    if (!rtype->is_void()) {
+      Node* retnode = peek();
+      const Type* rettype = gvn().type(retnode);
+      if (!cg->method()->return_value_is_larval() && !retnode->is_InlineType() && rettype->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+        retnode = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(this, retnode, rettype->inline_klass());
+        dec_sp(1);
+        push(retnode);
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (cg->method()->receiver_maybe_larval() && receiver != nullptr &&
+        !receiver->is_InlineType() && gvn().type(receiver)->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+      InlineTypeNode* non_larval = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(this, receiver, gvn().type(receiver)->inline_klass());
+      // Relinquish the oop input, we will delay the allocation to the point it is needed, see the
+      // comments in InlineTypeNode::Ideal for more details
+      non_larval = non_larval->clone_if_required(&gvn(), nullptr);
+      non_larval->set_oop(gvn(), null());
+      non_larval->set_is_buffered(gvn(), false);
+      non_larval = gvn().transform(non_larval)->as_InlineType();
+      map()->replace_edge(receiver, non_larval);
+    }
   }
 
   // Restart record of parsing work after possible inlining of call
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp
index f561818a99b..88bc85055f5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "gc/shared/c2/barrierSetC2.hpp"
 #include "libadt/vectset.hpp"
 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
+#include "memory/metaspace.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "opto/arraycopynode.hpp"
 #include "opto/c2compiler.hpp"
@@ -36,6 +37,7 @@
 #include "opto/cfgnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/compile.hpp"
 #include "opto/escape.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/locknode.hpp"
 #include "opto/macro.hpp"
 #include "opto/movenode.hpp"
@@ -167,6 +169,16 @@ bool ConnectionGraph::compute_escape() {
   java_objects_worklist.append(phantom_obj);
   for( uint next = 0; next < ideal_nodes.size(); ++next ) {
     Node* n = ideal_nodes.at(next);
+    if ((n->Opcode() == Op_LoadX || n->Opcode() == Op_StoreX) &&
+        !n->in(MemNode::Address)->is_AddP() &&
+        _igvn->type(n->in(MemNode::Address))->isa_oopptr()) {
+      // Load/Store at mark work address is at offset 0 so has no AddP which confuses EA
+      Node* addp = AddPNode::make_with_base(n->in(MemNode::Address), n->in(MemNode::Address), _igvn->MakeConX(0));
+      _igvn->register_new_node_with_optimizer(addp);
+      _igvn->replace_input_of(n, MemNode::Address, addp);
+      ideal_nodes.push(addp);
+      _nodes.at_put_grow(addp->_idx, nullptr, nullptr);
+    }
     // Create PointsTo nodes and add them to Connection Graph. Called
     // only once per ideal node since ideal_nodes is Unique_Node list.
     add_node_to_connection_graph(n, &delayed_worklist);
@@ -424,9 +436,17 @@ bool ConnectionGraph::compute_escape() {
 #endif
   }
 
+  // 6. Expand flat accesses if the object does not escape. This adds nodes to
+  // the graph, so it has to be after split_unique_types. This expands atomic
+  // mismatched accesses (though encapsulated in LoadFlats and StoreFlats) into
+  // non-mismatched accesses, so it is better before reduce allocation merges.
+  if (has_non_escaping_obj) {
+    optimize_flat_accesses(sfn_worklist);
+  }
+
   _compile->print_method(PHASE_EA_AFTER_SPLIT_UNIQUE_TYPES, 4);
 
-  // 6. Reduce allocation merges used as debug information. This is done after
+  // 7. Reduce allocation merges used as debug information. This is done after
   // split_unique_types because the methods used to create SafePointScalarObject
   // need to traverse the memory graph to find values for object fields. We also
   // set to null the scalarized inputs of reducible Phis so that the Allocate
@@ -1325,8 +1345,16 @@ bool ConnectionGraph::reduce_phi_on_safepoints_helper(Node* ophi, Node* cast, No
       }
 
       AllocateNode* alloc = ptn->ideal_node()->as_Allocate();
-      SafePointScalarObjectNode* sobj = mexp.create_scalarized_object_description(alloc, sfpt);
+      Unique_Node_List value_worklist;
+#ifdef ASSERT
+      const Type* res_type = alloc->result_cast()->bottom_type();
+      if (res_type->is_inlinetypeptr() && !Compile::current()->has_circular_inline_type()) {
+        assert(!ophi->as_Phi()->can_push_inline_types_down(_igvn), "missed earlier scalarization opportunity");
+      }
+#endif
+      SafePointScalarObjectNode* sobj = mexp.create_scalarized_object_description(alloc, sfpt, &value_worklist);
       if (sobj == nullptr) {
+        _compile->record_failure(C2Compiler::retry_no_reduce_allocation_merges());
         sfpt->restore_non_debug_edges(non_debug_edges_worklist);
         return false; // non-recoverable failure; recompile
       }
@@ -1339,6 +1367,15 @@ bool ConnectionGraph::reduce_phi_on_safepoints_helper(Node* ophi, Node* cast, No
 
       // Register the scalarized object as a candidate for reallocation
       smerge->add_req(sobj);
+
+      // Scalarize inline types that were added to the safepoint.
+      // Don't allow linking a constant oop (if available) for flat array elements
+      // because Deoptimization::reassign_flat_array_elements needs field values.
+      const bool allow_oop = !merge_t->is_flat();
+      for (uint j = 0; j < value_worklist.size(); ++j) {
+        InlineTypeNode* vt = value_worklist.at(j)->as_InlineType();
+        vt->make_scalar_in_safepoints(_igvn, allow_oop);
+      }
     }
 
     // Replaces debug information references to "original_sfpt_parent" in "sfpt" with references to "smerge"
@@ -1545,7 +1582,7 @@ bool ConnectionGraph::has_arg_escape(CallJavaNode* call) {
     // no arg escapes through uncommon traps
     if (strcmp(name, "uncommon_trap") != 0) {
       // process_call_arguments() assumes that all arguments escape globally
-      const TypeTuple* d = call->tf()->domain();
+      const TypeTuple* d = call->tf()->domain_sig();
       for (uint i = TypeFunc::Parms; i < d->cnt(); i++) {
         const Type* at = d->field_at(i);
         if (at->isa_oopptr() != nullptr) {
@@ -1579,6 +1616,26 @@ void ConnectionGraph::add_objload_to_connection_graph(Node *n, Unique_Node_List
   }
 }
 
+void ConnectionGraph::add_proj(Node* n, Unique_Node_List* delayed_worklist) {
+  if (n->as_Proj()->_con == TypeFunc::Parms && n->in(0)->is_Call() && n->in(0)->as_Call()->returns_pointer()) {
+    add_local_var_and_edge(n, PointsToNode::NoEscape, n->in(0), delayed_worklist);
+  } else if (n->in(0)->is_LoadFlat()) {
+    // Treat LoadFlat outputs similar to a call return value
+    add_local_var_and_edge(n, PointsToNode::NoEscape, n->in(0), delayed_worklist);
+  } else if (n->as_Proj()->_con >= TypeFunc::Parms && n->in(0)->is_Call() && n->bottom_type()->isa_ptr()) {
+    CallNode* call = n->in(0)->as_Call();
+    assert(call->tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields(), "");
+    if (n->as_Proj()->_con == TypeFunc::Parms || !returns_an_argument(call)) {
+      // either:
+      // - not an argument returned
+      // - the returned buffer for a returned scalarized argument
+      add_local_var_and_edge(n, PointsToNode::NoEscape, n->in(0), delayed_worklist);
+    } else {
+      add_local_var(n, PointsToNode::NoEscape);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 // Populate Connection Graph with PointsTo nodes and create simple
 // connection graph edges.
 void ConnectionGraph::add_node_to_connection_graph(Node *n, Unique_Node_List *delayed_worklist) {
@@ -1619,6 +1676,17 @@ void ConnectionGraph::add_node_to_connection_graph(Node *n, Unique_Node_List *de
           (n->is_CallStaticJava() &&
            n->as_CallStaticJava()->is_boxing_method())) {
         add_call_node(n->as_Call());
+      } else if (n->as_Call()->tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields()) {
+        bool returns_oop = false;
+        for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = n->fast_outs(imax); i < imax && !returns_oop; i++) {
+          ProjNode* pn = n->fast_out(i)->as_Proj();
+          if (pn->_con >= TypeFunc::Parms && pn->bottom_type()->isa_ptr()) {
+            returns_oop = true;
+          }
+        }
+        if (returns_oop) {
+          add_call_node(n->as_Call());
+        }
       }
     }
     return;
@@ -1646,10 +1714,12 @@ void ConnectionGraph::add_node_to_connection_graph(Node *n, Unique_Node_List *de
       }
       break;
     }
-    case Op_CastX2P: {
+    case Op_CastX2P:
+    case Op_CastI2N: {
       map_ideal_node(n, phantom_obj);
       break;
     }
+    case Op_InlineType:
     case Op_CastPP:
     case Op_CheckCastPP:
     case Op_EncodeP:
@@ -1719,12 +1789,17 @@ void ConnectionGraph::add_node_to_connection_graph(Node *n, Unique_Node_List *de
       }
       break;
     }
+    case Op_LoadFlat:
+      // Treat LoadFlat similar to an unknown call that receives nothing and produces its results
+      map_ideal_node(n, phantom_obj);
+      break;
+    case Op_StoreFlat:
+      // Treat StoreFlat similar to a call that escapes the stored flattened fields
+      delayed_worklist->push(n);
+      break;
     case Op_Proj: {
       // we are only interested in the oop result projection from a call
-      if (n->as_Proj()->_con == TypeFunc::Parms && n->in(0)->is_Call() &&
-          n->in(0)->as_Call()->returns_pointer()) {
-        add_local_var_and_edge(n, PointsToNode::NoEscape, n->in(0), delayed_worklist);
-      }
+      add_proj(n, delayed_worklist);
       break;
     }
     case Op_Rethrow: // Exception object escapes
@@ -1808,7 +1883,7 @@ void ConnectionGraph::add_final_edges(Node *n) {
     process_call_arguments(n->as_Call());
     return;
   }
-  assert(n->is_Store() || n->is_LoadStore() ||
+  assert(n->is_Store() || n->is_LoadStore() || n->is_StoreFlat() ||
          ((n_ptn != nullptr) && (n_ptn->ideal_node() != nullptr)),
          "node should be registered already");
   int opcode = n->Opcode();
@@ -1824,6 +1899,7 @@ void ConnectionGraph::add_final_edges(Node *n) {
       add_base(n_ptn->as_Field(), ptn_base);
       break;
     }
+    case Op_InlineType:
     case Op_CastPP:
     case Op_CheckCastPP:
     case Op_EncodeP:
@@ -1876,11 +1952,24 @@ void ConnectionGraph::add_final_edges(Node *n) {
       }
       break;
     }
+    case Op_StoreFlat: {
+      // StoreFlat globally escapes its stored flattened fields
+      InlineTypeNode* value = n->as_StoreFlat()->value();
+      ciInlineKlass* vk = _igvn->type(value)->inline_klass();
+      for (int i = 0; i < vk->nof_nonstatic_fields(); i++) {
+        ciField* field = vk->nonstatic_field_at(i);
+        if (field->type()->is_primitive_type()) {
+          continue;
+        }
+
+        Node* field_value = value->field_value_by_offset(field->offset_in_bytes(), true);
+        PointsToNode* field_value_ptn = ptnode_adr(field_value->_idx);
+        set_escape_state(field_value_ptn, PointsToNode::GlobalEscape NOT_PRODUCT(COMMA "store into a flat field"));
+      }
+      break;
+    }
     case Op_Proj: {
-      // we are only interested in the oop result projection from a call
-      assert(n->as_Proj()->_con == TypeFunc::Parms && n->in(0)->is_Call() &&
-             n->in(0)->as_Call()->returns_pointer(), "Unexpected node type");
-      add_local_var_and_edge(n, PointsToNode::NoEscape, n->in(0), nullptr);
+      add_proj(n, nullptr);
       break;
     }
     case Op_Rethrow: // Exception object escapes
@@ -2054,8 +2143,147 @@ bool ConnectionGraph::add_final_edges_unsafe_access(Node* n, uint opcode) {
   return false;
 }
 
+// Iterate over the domains for the scalarized and non scalarized calling conventions: Only move to the next element
+// in the non scalarized calling convention once all elements of the scalarized calling convention for that parameter
+// have been iterated over. So (ignoring hidden arguments such as the null marker) iterating over:
+// value class MyValue {
+//   int f1;
+//   float f2;
+// }
+// void m(Object o, MyValue v, int i)
+// produces the pairs:
+// (Object, Object), (Myvalue, int), (MyValue, float), (int, int)
+class DomainIterator : public StackObj {
+private:
+  const TypeTuple* _domain;
+  const TypeTuple* _domain_cc;
+  const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* _sig_cc;
+
+  uint _i_domain;
+  uint _i_domain_cc;
+  int _i_sig_cc;
+  uint _depth;
+  uint _first_field_pos;
+  const bool _is_static;
+
+  void next_helper() {
+    if (_sig_cc == nullptr) {
+      return;
+    }
+    BasicType prev_bt = _i_sig_cc > 0 ? _sig_cc->at(_i_sig_cc-1)._bt : T_ILLEGAL;
+    BasicType prev_prev_bt = _i_sig_cc > 1 ? _sig_cc->at(_i_sig_cc-2)._bt : T_ILLEGAL;
+    while (_i_sig_cc < _sig_cc->length()) {
+      BasicType bt = _sig_cc->at(_i_sig_cc)._bt;
+      assert(bt != T_VOID || _sig_cc->at(_i_sig_cc-1)._bt == prev_bt, "incorrect prev bt");
+      if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+        if (_depth == 0) {
+          _first_field_pos = _i_domain_cc;
+        }
+        _depth++;
+      } else if (bt == T_VOID && (prev_bt != T_LONG && prev_bt != T_DOUBLE)) {
+        _depth--;
+        if (_depth == 0) {
+          _i_domain++;
+        }
+      } else if (bt == T_OBJECT && prev_bt == T_METADATA && (_is_static || _i_domain > 0) && _sig_cc->at(_i_sig_cc)._offset == 0) {
+        assert(_sig_cc->at(_i_sig_cc)._vt_oop, "buffer expected right after T_METADATA");
+        assert(_depth == 1, "only root value has buffer");
+        _i_domain_cc++;
+        _first_field_pos = _i_domain_cc;
+      } else if (bt == T_BOOLEAN && prev_prev_bt == T_METADATA && (_is_static || _i_domain > 0) && _sig_cc->at(_i_sig_cc)._offset == -1) {
+        assert(_sig_cc->at(_i_sig_cc)._null_marker, "null marker expected right after T_METADATA");
+        assert(_depth == 1, "only root value null marker");
+        _i_domain_cc++;
+        _first_field_pos = _i_domain_cc;
+      } else {
+        return;
+      }
+      prev_prev_bt = prev_bt;
+      prev_bt = bt;
+      _i_sig_cc++;
+    }
+  }
+
+public:
+
+  DomainIterator(CallJavaNode* call) :
+    _domain(call->tf()->domain_sig()),
+    _domain_cc(call->tf()->domain_cc()),
+    _sig_cc(call->method()->get_sig_cc()),
+    _i_domain(TypeFunc::Parms),
+    _i_domain_cc(TypeFunc::Parms),
+    _i_sig_cc(0),
+    _depth(0),
+    _first_field_pos(0),
+    _is_static(call->method()->is_static()) {
+    next_helper();
+  }
+
+  bool has_next() const {
+    assert(_sig_cc == nullptr || (_i_sig_cc < _sig_cc->length()) == (_i_domain < _domain->cnt()), "should reach end in sync");
+    assert((_i_domain < _domain->cnt()) == (_i_domain_cc < _domain_cc->cnt()), "should reach end in sync");
+    return _i_domain < _domain->cnt();
+  }
+
+  void next() {
+    assert(_depth != 0 || _domain->field_at(_i_domain) == _domain_cc->field_at(_i_domain_cc), "should produce same non scalarized elements");
+    _i_sig_cc++;
+    if (_depth == 0) {
+      _i_domain++;
+    }
+    _i_domain_cc++;
+    next_helper();
+  }
+
+  uint i_domain() const {
+    return _i_domain;
+  }
+
+  uint i_domain_cc() const {
+    return _i_domain_cc;
+  }
+
+  const Type* current_domain() const {
+    return _domain->field_at(_i_domain);
+  }
+
+  const Type* current_domain_cc() const {
+    return _domain_cc->field_at(_i_domain_cc);
+  }
+
+  uint first_field_pos() const {
+    assert(_first_field_pos >= TypeFunc::Parms, "not yet updated?");
+    return _first_field_pos;
+  }
+};
+
+// Determine whether any arguments are returned.
+bool ConnectionGraph::returns_an_argument(CallNode* call) {
+  ciMethod* meth = call->as_CallJava()->method();
+  BCEscapeAnalyzer* call_analyzer = meth->get_bcea();
+  if (call_analyzer == nullptr) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const TypeTuple* d = call->tf()->domain_sig();
+  bool ret_arg = false;
+  for (uint i = TypeFunc::Parms; i < d->cnt(); i++) {
+    if (d->field_at(i)->isa_ptr() != nullptr &&
+        call_analyzer->is_arg_returned(i - TypeFunc::Parms)) {
+      if (meth->is_scalarized_arg(i - TypeFunc::Parms) && !compatible_return(call->as_CallJava(), i)) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      if (call->tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields() != meth->is_scalarized_arg(i - TypeFunc::Parms)) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      ret_arg = true;
+    }
+  }
+  return ret_arg;
+}
+
 void ConnectionGraph::add_call_node(CallNode* call) {
-  assert(call->returns_pointer(), "only for call which returns pointer");
+  assert(call->returns_pointer() || call->tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields(), "only for call which returns pointer");
   uint call_idx = call->_idx;
   if (call->is_Allocate()) {
     Node* k = call->in(AllocateNode::KlassNode);
@@ -2130,7 +2358,10 @@ void ConnectionGraph::add_call_node(CallNode* call) {
     // Use bytecode estimator to record whether the call's return value escapes.
     ciMethod* meth = call->as_CallJava()->method();
     if (meth == nullptr) {
-      assert(call->as_CallStaticJava()->is_call_to_multianewarray_stub(), "TODO: add failed case check");
+      const char* name = call->as_CallStaticJava()->_name;
+      assert(call->as_CallStaticJava()->is_call_to_multianewarray_stub() ||
+             strncmp(name, "load_unknown_inline", 19) == 0 ||
+             strncmp(name, "store_inline_type_fields_to_buf", 31) == 0, "TODO: add failed case check");
       // Returns a newly allocated non-escaped object.
       add_java_object(call, PointsToNode::NoEscape);
       set_not_scalar_replaceable(ptnode_adr(call_idx) NOT_PRODUCT(COMMA "is result of multinewarray"));
@@ -2160,20 +2391,16 @@ void ConnectionGraph::add_call_node(CallNode* call) {
         add_java_object(call, PointsToNode::NoEscape);
         set_not_scalar_replaceable(ptnode_adr(call_idx) NOT_PRODUCT(COMMA "is result of call"));
       } else {
-        // Determine whether any arguments are returned.
-        const TypeTuple* d = call->tf()->domain();
-        bool ret_arg = false;
-        for (uint i = TypeFunc::Parms; i < d->cnt(); i++) {
-          if (d->field_at(i)->isa_ptr() != nullptr &&
-              call_analyzer->is_arg_returned(i - TypeFunc::Parms)) {
-            ret_arg = true;
-            break;
-          }
-        }
-        if (ret_arg) {
+        // For non scalarized argument/return: add_proj() adds an edge between the return projection and the call,
+        // process_call_arguments() adds an edge between the call and the argument
+        // For scalarized argument/return: process_call_arguments() adds an edge between a call projection for a field
+        // and the argument input to the call for that field. An edge is added between the projection for the returned
+        // buffer and the call.
+        if (returns_an_argument(call) && !call->tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields()) {
+          // returns non scalarized argument
           add_local_var(call, PointsToNode::ArgEscape);
         } else {
-          // Returns unknown object.
+          // Returns unknown object or scalarized argument being returned
           map_ideal_node(call, phantom_obj);
         }
       }
@@ -2186,6 +2413,12 @@ void ConnectionGraph::add_call_node(CallNode* call) {
   }
 }
 
+// Check that the return type is compatible with the type of the argument being returned i.e. that there's no cast that
+// fails in the method
+bool ConnectionGraph::compatible_return(CallJavaNode* call, uint k) {
+  return call->tf()->domain_sig()->field_at(k)->is_instptr()->instance_klass() == call->tf()->range_sig()->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms)->is_instptr()->instance_klass();
+}
+
 void ConnectionGraph::process_call_arguments(CallNode *call) {
     bool is_arraycopy = false;
     switch (call->Opcode()) {
@@ -2209,7 +2442,7 @@ void ConnectionGraph::process_call_arguments(CallNode *call) {
     case Op_CallLeaf: {
       // Stub calls, objects do not escape but they are not scale replaceable.
       // Adjust escape state for outgoing arguments.
-      const TypeTuple * d = call->tf()->domain();
+      const TypeTuple * d = call->tf()->domain_sig();
       bool src_has_oops = false;
       for (uint i = TypeFunc::Parms; i < d->cnt(); i++) {
         const Type* at = d->field_at(i);
@@ -2240,7 +2473,10 @@ void ConnectionGraph::process_call_arguments(CallNode *call) {
                  aat->isa_ptr() != nullptr, "expecting an Ptr");
           bool arg_has_oops = aat->isa_oopptr() &&
                               (aat->isa_instptr() ||
-                               (aat->isa_aryptr() && (aat->isa_aryptr()->elem() == Type::BOTTOM || aat->isa_aryptr()->elem()->make_oopptr() != nullptr)));
+                               (aat->isa_aryptr() && (aat->isa_aryptr()->elem() == Type::BOTTOM || aat->isa_aryptr()->elem()->make_oopptr() != nullptr)) ||
+                               (aat->isa_aryptr() && aat->isa_aryptr()->elem() != nullptr &&
+                                                               aat->isa_aryptr()->is_flat() &&
+                                                               aat->isa_aryptr()->elem()->inline_klass()->contains_oops()));
           if (i == TypeFunc::Parms) {
             src_has_oops = arg_has_oops;
           }
@@ -2307,6 +2543,10 @@ void ConnectionGraph::process_call_arguments(CallNode *call) {
                   strcmp(call->as_CallLeaf()->_name, "mulAdd") == 0 ||
                   strcmp(call->as_CallLeaf()->_name, "montgomery_multiply") == 0 ||
                   strcmp(call->as_CallLeaf()->_name, "montgomery_square") == 0 ||
+                  strcmp(call->as_CallLeaf()->_name, "vectorizedMismatch") == 0 ||
+                  strcmp(call->as_CallLeaf()->_name, "load_unknown_inline") == 0 ||
+                  strcmp(call->as_CallLeaf()->_name, "store_unknown_inline") == 0 ||
+                  strcmp(call->as_CallLeaf()->_name, "store_inline_type_fields_to_buf") == 0 ||
                   strcmp(call->as_CallLeaf()->_name, "bigIntegerRightShiftWorker") == 0 ||
                   strcmp(call->as_CallLeaf()->_name, "bigIntegerLeftShiftWorker") == 0 ||
                   strcmp(call->as_CallLeaf()->_name, "vectorizedMismatch") == 0 ||
@@ -2369,16 +2609,33 @@ void ConnectionGraph::process_call_arguments(CallNode *call) {
       // fall-through if not a Java method or no analyzer information
       if (call_analyzer != nullptr) {
         PointsToNode* call_ptn = ptnode_adr(call->_idx);
-        const TypeTuple* d = call->tf()->domain();
-        for (uint i = TypeFunc::Parms; i < d->cnt(); i++) {
-          const Type* at = d->field_at(i);
-          int k = i - TypeFunc::Parms;
-          Node* arg = call->in(i);
+        bool ret_arg = returns_an_argument(call);
+        for (DomainIterator di(call->as_CallJava()); di.has_next(); di.next()) {
+          int k = di.i_domain() - TypeFunc::Parms;
+          const Type* at = di.current_domain_cc();
+          Node* arg = call->in(di.i_domain_cc());
           PointsToNode* arg_ptn = ptnode_adr(arg->_idx);
-          if (at->isa_ptr() != nullptr &&
-              call_analyzer->is_arg_returned(k)) {
+          assert(!call_analyzer->is_arg_returned(k) || !meth->is_scalarized_arg(k) ||
+                 !compatible_return(call->as_CallJava(), di.i_domain()) ||
+                 call->proj_out_or_null(di.i_domain_cc() - di.first_field_pos() + TypeFunc::Parms + 1) == nullptr ||
+                 _igvn->type(call->proj_out_or_null(di.i_domain_cc() - di.first_field_pos() + TypeFunc::Parms + 1)) == at,
+                 "scalarized return and scalarized argument should match");
+          if (at->isa_ptr() != nullptr && call_analyzer->is_arg_returned(k) && ret_arg) {
             // The call returns arguments.
-            if (call_ptn != nullptr) { // Is call's result used?
+            if (meth->is_scalarized_arg(k)) {
+              ProjNode* res_proj = call->proj_out_or_null(di.i_domain_cc() - di.first_field_pos() + TypeFunc::Parms + 1);
+              if (res_proj != nullptr) {
+                assert(_igvn->type(res_proj)->isa_ptr(), "scalarized return and scalarized argument should match");
+                if (res_proj->_con != TypeFunc::Parms) {
+                  // add an edge between the result projection for a field and the argument projection for the same argument field
+                  PointsToNode* proj_ptn = ptnode_adr(res_proj->_idx);
+                  add_edge(proj_ptn, arg_ptn);
+                  if (!call_analyzer->is_return_local()) {
+                    add_edge(proj_ptn, phantom_obj);
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            } else if (call_ptn != nullptr) { // Is call's result used?
               assert(call_ptn->is_LocalVar(), "node should be registered");
               assert(arg_ptn != nullptr, "node should be registered");
               add_edge(call_ptn, arg_ptn);
@@ -2413,7 +2670,7 @@ void ConnectionGraph::process_call_arguments(CallNode *call) {
       // Fall-through here if not a Java method or no analyzer information
       // or some other type of call, assume the worst case: all arguments
       // globally escape.
-      const TypeTuple* d = call->tf()->domain();
+      const TypeTuple* d = call->tf()->domain_cc();
       for (uint i = TypeFunc::Parms; i < d->cnt(); i++) {
         const Type* at = d->field_at(i);
         if (at->isa_oopptr() != nullptr) {
@@ -2831,17 +3088,28 @@ int ConnectionGraph::find_field_value(FieldNode* field) {
 // Find fields initializing values for allocations.
 int ConnectionGraph::find_init_values_phantom(JavaObjectNode* pta) {
   assert(pta->escape_state() == PointsToNode::NoEscape, "Not escaped Allocate nodes only");
+  PointsToNode* init_val = phantom_obj;
   Node* alloc = pta->ideal_node();
 
   // Do nothing for Allocate nodes since its fields values are
   // "known" unless they are initialized by arraycopy/clone.
   if (alloc->is_Allocate() && !pta->arraycopy_dst()) {
-    return 0;
+    if (alloc->as_Allocate()->in(AllocateNode::InitValue) != nullptr) {
+      // Null-free inline type arrays are initialized with an init value instead of null
+      init_val = ptnode_adr(alloc->as_Allocate()->in(AllocateNode::InitValue)->_idx);
+      assert(init_val != nullptr, "init value should be registered");
+    } else {
+      return 0;
+    }
   }
-  assert(pta->arraycopy_dst() || alloc->as_CallStaticJava(), "sanity");
+  // Non-escaped allocation returned from Java or runtime call has unknown values in fields.
+  assert(pta->arraycopy_dst() || alloc->is_CallStaticJava() || init_val != phantom_obj, "sanity");
 #ifdef ASSERT
-  if (!pta->arraycopy_dst() && alloc->as_CallStaticJava()->method() == nullptr) {
-    assert(alloc->as_CallStaticJava()->is_call_to_multianewarray_stub(), "sanity");
+  if (alloc->is_CallStaticJava() && alloc->as_CallStaticJava()->method() == nullptr) {
+    const char* name = alloc->as_CallStaticJava()->_name;
+    assert(alloc->as_CallStaticJava()->is_call_to_multianewarray_stub() ||
+           strncmp(name, "load_unknown_inline", 19) == 0 ||
+           strncmp(name, "store_inline_type_fields_to_buf", 31) == 0, "sanity");
   }
 #endif
   // Non-escaped allocation returned from Java or runtime call have unknown values in fields.
@@ -2849,7 +3117,7 @@ int ConnectionGraph::find_init_values_phantom(JavaObjectNode* pta) {
   for (EdgeIterator i(pta); i.has_next(); i.next()) {
     PointsToNode* field = i.get();
     if (field->is_Field() && field->as_Field()->is_oop()) {
-      if (add_edge(field, phantom_obj)) {
+      if (add_edge(field, init_val)) {
         // New edge was added
         new_edges++;
         add_field_uses_to_worklist(field->as_Field());
@@ -2864,7 +3132,7 @@ int ConnectionGraph::find_init_values_null(JavaObjectNode* pta, PhaseValues* pha
   assert(pta->escape_state() == PointsToNode::NoEscape, "Not escaped Allocate nodes only");
   Node* alloc = pta->ideal_node();
   // Do nothing for Call nodes since its fields values are unknown.
-  if (!alloc->is_Allocate()) {
+  if (!alloc->is_Allocate() || alloc->as_Allocate()->in(AllocateNode::InitValue) != nullptr) {
     return 0;
   }
   InitializeNode* ini = alloc->as_Allocate()->initialization();
@@ -2950,9 +3218,9 @@ int ConnectionGraph::find_init_values_null(JavaObjectNode* pta, PhaseValues* pha
               if (missed_obj != nullptr) {
                 tty->print_cr("----------field---------------------------------");
                 field->dump();
-                tty->print_cr("----------missed referernce to object-----------");
+                tty->print_cr("----------missed reference to object------------");
                 missed_obj->dump();
-                tty->print_cr("----------object referernced by init store -----");
+                tty->print_cr("----------object referenced by init store-------");
                 store->dump();
                 val->dump();
                 assert(!field->points_to(missed_obj->as_JavaObject()), "missed JavaObject reference");
@@ -3317,7 +3585,8 @@ void ConnectionGraph::optimize_ideal_graph(GrowableArray<Node*>& ptr_cmp_worklis
       if (n->is_AbstractLock()) { // Lock and Unlock nodes
         AbstractLockNode* alock = n->as_AbstractLock();
         if (!alock->is_non_esc_obj()) {
-          if (can_eliminate_lock(alock)) {
+          const Type* obj_type = igvn->type(alock->obj_node());
+          if (can_eliminate_lock(alock) && !obj_type->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
             assert(!alock->is_eliminated() || alock->is_coarsened(), "sanity");
             // The lock could be marked eliminated by lock coarsening
             // code during first IGVN before EA. Replace coarsened flag
@@ -3359,15 +3628,45 @@ void ConnectionGraph::optimize_ideal_graph(GrowableArray<Node*>& ptr_cmp_worklis
     Node* storestore = storestore_worklist.at(i);
     Node* alloc = storestore->in(MemBarNode::Precedent)->in(0);
     if (alloc->is_Allocate() && not_global_escape(alloc)) {
-      MemBarNode* mb = MemBarNode::make(C, Op_MemBarCPUOrder, Compile::AliasIdxBot);
-      mb->init_req(TypeFunc::Memory,  storestore->in(TypeFunc::Memory));
-      mb->init_req(TypeFunc::Control, storestore->in(TypeFunc::Control));
-      igvn->register_new_node_with_optimizer(mb);
-      igvn->replace_node(storestore, mb);
+      if (alloc->in(AllocateNode::InlineType) != nullptr) {
+        // Non-escaping inline type buffer allocations don't require a membar
+        storestore->as_MemBar()->remove(_igvn);
+      } else {
+        MemBarNode* mb = MemBarNode::make(C, Op_MemBarCPUOrder, Compile::AliasIdxBot);
+        mb->init_req(TypeFunc::Memory,  storestore->in(TypeFunc::Memory));
+        mb->init_req(TypeFunc::Control, storestore->in(TypeFunc::Control));
+        igvn->register_new_node_with_optimizer(mb);
+        igvn->replace_node(storestore, mb);
+      }
     }
   }
 }
 
+// Atomic flat accesses on non-escaping objects can be optimized to non-atomic accesses
+void ConnectionGraph::optimize_flat_accesses(GrowableArray<SafePointNode*>& sfn_worklist) {
+  PhaseIterGVN& igvn = *_igvn;
+  bool delay = igvn.delay_transform();
+  igvn.set_delay_transform(true);
+  igvn.C->for_each_flat_access([&](Node* n) {
+    Node* base = n->is_LoadFlat() ? n->as_LoadFlat()->base() : n->as_StoreFlat()->base();
+    if (!not_global_escape(base)) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    bool expanded;
+    if (n->is_LoadFlat()) {
+      expanded = n->as_LoadFlat()->expand_non_atomic(igvn);
+    } else {
+      expanded = n->as_StoreFlat()->expand_non_atomic(igvn);
+    }
+    if (expanded) {
+      sfn_worklist.remove(n->as_SafePoint());
+      igvn.C->remove_flat_access(n);
+    }
+  });
+  igvn.set_delay_transform(delay);
+}
+
 // Optimize objects compare.
 const TypeInt* ConnectionGraph::optimize_ptr_compare(Node* left, Node* right) {
   const TypeInt* UNKNOWN = TypeInt::CC;    // [-1, 0,1]
@@ -3527,8 +3826,9 @@ void ConnectionGraph::add_arraycopy(Node *n, PointsToNode::EscapeState es,
 
 bool ConnectionGraph::is_oop_field(Node* n, int offset, bool* unsafe) {
   const Type* adr_type = n->as_AddP()->bottom_type();
+  int field_offset = adr_type->isa_aryptr() ? adr_type->isa_aryptr()->field_offset().get() : Type::OffsetBot;
   BasicType bt = T_INT;
-  if (offset == Type::OffsetBot) {
+  if (offset == Type::OffsetBot && field_offset == Type::OffsetBot) {
     // Check only oop fields.
     if (!adr_type->isa_aryptr() ||
         adr_type->isa_aryptr()->elem() == Type::BOTTOM ||
@@ -3540,7 +3840,7 @@ bool ConnectionGraph::is_oop_field(Node* n, int offset, bool* unsafe) {
     }
   } else if (offset != oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()) {
     if (adr_type->isa_instptr()) {
-      ciField* field = _compile->alias_type(adr_type->isa_instptr())->field();
+      ciField* field = _compile->alias_type(adr_type->is_ptr())->field();
       if (field != nullptr) {
         bt = field->layout_type();
       } else {
@@ -3556,8 +3856,20 @@ bool ConnectionGraph::is_oop_field(Node* n, int offset, bool* unsafe) {
       } else if (find_second_addp(n, n->in(AddPNode::Base)) != nullptr) {
         // Ignore first AddP.
       } else {
-        const Type* elemtype = adr_type->isa_aryptr()->elem();
-        bt = elemtype->array_element_basic_type();
+        const Type* elemtype = adr_type->is_aryptr()->elem();
+        if (adr_type->is_aryptr()->is_flat() && field_offset != Type::OffsetBot) {
+          ciInlineKlass* vk = elemtype->inline_klass();
+          field_offset += vk->payload_offset();
+          ciField* field = vk->get_field_by_offset(field_offset, false);
+          if (field != nullptr) {
+            bt = field->layout_type();
+          } else {
+            assert(field_offset == vk->payload_offset() + vk->null_marker_offset_in_payload(), "no field or null marker of %s at offset %d", vk->name()->as_utf8(), field_offset);
+            bt = T_BOOLEAN;
+          }
+        } else {
+          bt = elemtype->array_element_basic_type();
+        }
       }
     } else if (adr_type->isa_rawptr() || adr_type->isa_klassptr()) {
       // Allocation initialization, ThreadLocal field access, unsafe access
@@ -3760,9 +4072,7 @@ int ConnectionGraph::address_offset(Node* adr, PhaseValues* phase) {
            "offset must be a constant or it is initialization of array");
     return offs;
   }
-  const TypePtr *t_ptr = adr_type->isa_ptr();
-  assert(t_ptr != nullptr, "must be a pointer type");
-  return t_ptr->offset();
+  return adr_type->is_ptr()->flat_offset();
 }
 
 Node* ConnectionGraph::get_addp_base(Node *addp) {
@@ -3785,7 +4095,8 @@ Node* ConnectionGraph::get_addp_base(Node *addp) {
   //      | |
   //     AddP  ( base == address )
   //
-  // case #3. Raw object's field reference for Initialize node:
+  // case #3. Raw object's field reference for Initialize node.
+  //          Could have an additional Phi merging multiple allocations.
   //      Allocate
   //        |
   //      Proj #5 ( oop result )
@@ -3836,8 +4147,20 @@ Node* ConnectionGraph::get_addp_base(Node *addp) {
   //     \  |
   //     AddP  ( base == top )
   //
+  // case #10. Klass fetched with
+  //           LibraryCallKit::load_*_refined_array_klass()
+  //           which has en extra Phi.
+  //  LoadKlass   LoadKlass
+  //       |          |
+  //     CastPP    CastPP
+  //          \   /
+  //           Phi
+  //      top   |
+  //         \  |
+  //         AddP  ( base == top )
+  //
   Node *base = addp->in(AddPNode::Base);
-  if (base->uncast()->is_top()) { // The AddP case #3 and #6 and #9.
+  if (base->uncast()->is_top()) { // The AddP case #3, #6, #9, and #10.
     base = addp->in(AddPNode::Address);
     while (base->is_AddP()) {
       // Case #6 (unsafe access) may have several chained AddP nodes.
@@ -3849,6 +4172,7 @@ Node* ConnectionGraph::get_addp_base(Node *addp) {
         _igvn->type(base->in(1))->isa_oopptr()) {
       base = base->in(1); // Case #9
     } else {
+      // Case #3, #6, and #10
       Node* uncast_base = base->uncast();
       int opcode = uncast_base->Opcode();
       assert(opcode == Op_ConP || opcode == Op_ThreadLocal ||
@@ -3856,12 +4180,26 @@ Node* ConnectionGraph::get_addp_base(Node *addp) {
              (_igvn->C->is_osr_compilation() && uncast_base->is_Parm() && uncast_base->as_Parm()->_con == TypeFunc::Parms)||
              (uncast_base->is_Mem() && (uncast_base->bottom_type()->isa_rawptr() != nullptr)) ||
              (uncast_base->is_Mem() && (uncast_base->bottom_type()->isa_klassptr() != nullptr)) ||
-             is_captured_store_address(addp), "sanity");
+             is_captured_store_address(addp) ||
+             is_load_array_klass_related(uncast_base), "sanity");
     }
   }
   return base;
 }
 
+#ifdef ASSERT
+// Case #10
+bool ConnectionGraph::is_load_array_klass_related(const Node* uncast_base) {
+  if (!uncast_base->is_Phi() || uncast_base->req() != 3) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  Node* in1 = uncast_base->in(1);
+  Node* in2 = uncast_base->in(2);
+  return in1->uncast()->Opcode() == Op_LoadKlass &&
+         in2->uncast()->Opcode() == Op_LoadKlass;
+}
+#endif
+
 Node* ConnectionGraph::find_second_addp(Node* addp, Node* n) {
   assert(addp->is_AddP() && addp->outcnt() > 0, "Don't process dead nodes");
   Node* addp2 = addp->raw_out(0);
@@ -3918,9 +4256,16 @@ bool ConnectionGraph::split_AddP(Node *addp, Node *base) {
     assert(addp->in(AddPNode::Address)->is_Proj(), "base of raw address must be result projection from allocation");
     intptr_t offs = (int)igvn->find_intptr_t_con(addp->in(AddPNode::Offset), Type::OffsetBot);
     assert(offs != Type::OffsetBot, "offset must be a constant");
-    t = base_t->add_offset(offs)->is_oopptr();
+    if (base_t->isa_aryptr() != nullptr) {
+      // In the case of a flat inline type array, each field has its
+      // own slice so we need to extract the field being accessed from
+      // the address computation
+      t = base_t->isa_aryptr()->add_field_offset_and_offset(offs)->is_oopptr();
+    } else {
+      t = base_t->add_offset(offs)->is_oopptr();
+    }
   }
-  int inst_id =  base_t->instance_id();
+  int inst_id = base_t->instance_id();
   assert(!t->is_known_instance() || t->instance_id() == inst_id,
                              "old type must be non-instance or match new type");
 
@@ -3934,7 +4279,7 @@ bool ConnectionGraph::split_AddP(Node *addp, Node *base) {
   // of the allocation type was not propagated to the subclass type check.
   //
   // Or the type 't' could be not related to 'base_t' at all.
-  // It could happened when CHA type is different from MDO type on a dead path
+  // It could happen when CHA type is different from MDO type on a dead path
   // (for example, from instanceof check) which is not collapsed during parsing.
   //
   // Do nothing for such AddP node and don't process its users since
@@ -3944,7 +4289,18 @@ bool ConnectionGraph::split_AddP(Node *addp, Node *base) {
       !base_t->maybe_java_subtype_of(t)) {
      return false; // bail out
   }
-  const TypeOopPtr *tinst = base_t->add_offset(t->offset())->is_oopptr();
+  const TypePtr* tinst = base_t->add_offset(t->offset());
+  if (tinst->isa_aryptr() && t->isa_aryptr()) {
+    // In the case of a flat inline type array, each field has its
+    // own slice so we need to keep track of the field being accessed.
+    tinst = tinst->is_aryptr()->with_field_offset(t->is_aryptr()->field_offset().get());
+    // Keep array properties (not flat/null-free)
+    tinst = tinst->is_aryptr()->update_properties(t->is_aryptr());
+    if (tinst == nullptr) {
+      return false; // Skip dead path with inconsistent properties
+    }
+  }
+
   // Do NOT remove the next line: ensure a new alias index is allocated
   // for the instance type. Note: C++ will not remove it since the call
   // has side effect.
@@ -4192,6 +4548,44 @@ void ConnectionGraph::move_inst_mem(Node* n, Unique_Node_List& orig_phis) {
 // is the specified alias index.
 //
 #define FIND_INST_MEM_RECURSION_DEPTH_LIMIT 1000
+
+// Does LoadFlat/StoreFlat flat_access alias with memory access with type toop?
+// toop is the type for some field of some known instance
+bool ConnectionGraph::flat_access_aliases_with(Node* flat_access, const TypeOopPtr* toop) {
+  Node* base = flat_access->is_StoreFlat() ? flat_access->as_StoreFlat()->base() : flat_access->as_LoadFlat()->base();
+  uint idx = base->_idx;
+  if (idx >= nodes_size()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  PointsToNode* ptn = ptnode_adr(idx);
+  if (ptn == nullptr) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  PointsToNode::EscapeState es = ptn->escape_state();
+  if (es >= PointsToNode::GlobalEscape) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (ptn->is_JavaObject()) {
+    Node* jobj_base = get_map(ptn->idx());
+    if (jobj_base == nullptr || !_igvn->type(jobj_base)->is_oopptr()->same_instance_as(toop)) {
+      assert(!_igvn->type(base)->is_oopptr()->same_instance_as(toop), "should not alias");
+      return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+  assert(ptn->is_LocalVar(), "sanity");
+  for (EdgeIterator i(ptn); i.has_next(); i.next()) {
+    if (i.get()->is_JavaObject()) {
+      Node* jobj_base = get_map(i.get()->idx());
+      if (jobj_base != nullptr && _igvn->type(jobj_base)->is_oopptr()->same_instance_as(toop)) {
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  assert(!_igvn->type(base)->is_oopptr()->same_instance_as(toop), "should not alias");
+  return false;
+}
+
 Node* ConnectionGraph::find_inst_mem(Node* orig_mem, int alias_idx, Unique_Node_List& orig_phis, uint rec_depth) {
   if (rec_depth > FIND_INST_MEM_RECURSION_DEPTH_LIMIT) {
     _compile->record_failure(_invocation > 0 ? C2Compiler::retry_no_iterative_escape_analysis() : C2Compiler::retry_no_escape_analysis());
@@ -4268,6 +4662,26 @@ Node* ConnectionGraph::find_inst_mem(Node* orig_mem, int alias_idx, Unique_Node_
           }
         }
         result = proj_in->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
+      } else if (proj_in->is_LoadFlat()) {
+        // Either:
+        // 1- this is a non mismatched LoadFlat for alias_idx's non escaping allocation: it will get removed by
+        // ConnectionGraph::optimize_flat_accesses() and has no effect on the memory state
+        // 2- or it is a LoadFlat for some object unrelated to alias_idx
+        // 3- this is mismatched LoadFlat for alias_idx's non escaping allocation: it won't get removed by
+        // ConnectionGraph::optimize_flat_accesses()
+        // In cases 1- and 2-, it's safe to assume this LoadFlat doesn't modify the memory for alias_idx
+        // If the LoadFlat is mismatched, it's not removed so don't step over it if it's a flat access to the alias_idx
+        // known instance
+        if (!proj_in->as_LoadFlat()->is_mismatched() || !flat_access_aliases_with(proj_in, toop)) {
+          result = proj_in->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
+        }
+      } else if (proj_in->is_StoreFlat()) {
+        // Either:
+        // - this is a StoreFlat for alias_idx's non escaping allocation that does modify the memory state for alias_idx
+        // - or it is a StoreFlat for some object unrelated to alias_idx that can't modify the memory state for alias_idx
+        if (!flat_access_aliases_with(proj_in, toop)) {
+          result = proj_in->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
+        }
       }
     } else if (result->is_MergeMem()) {
       MergeMemNode *mmem = result->as_MergeMem();
@@ -4553,7 +4967,12 @@ void ConnectionGraph::split_unique_types(GrowableArray<Node *>  &alloc_worklist,
         assert(init != nullptr, "can't find Initialization node for this Allocate node");
         auto process_narrow_proj = [&](NarrowMemProjNode* proj) {
           const TypePtr* adr_type = proj->adr_type();
-          const TypePtr* new_adr_type = tinst->add_offset(adr_type->offset());
+          const TypePtr* new_adr_type = tinst->with_offset(adr_type->offset());
+          if (adr_type->isa_aryptr()) {
+            // In the case of a flat inline type array, each field has its own slice so we need a
+            // NarrowMemProj for each field of the flat array elements
+            new_adr_type = new_adr_type->is_aryptr()->with_field_offset(adr_type->is_aryptr()->field_offset().get());
+          }
           if (adr_type != new_adr_type && !init->already_has_narrow_mem_proj_with_adr_type(new_adr_type)) {
             // Do NOT remove the next line: ensure a new alias index is allocated for the instance type.
             uint alias_idx = _compile->get_alias_index(new_adr_type);
@@ -4671,6 +5090,13 @@ void ConnectionGraph::split_unique_types(GrowableArray<Node *>  &alloc_worklist,
           tn_t = tn_type->isa_oopptr();
         }
         if (tn_t != nullptr && tinst->maybe_java_subtype_of(tn_t)) {
+          if (tn_t->isa_aryptr()) {
+            // Keep array properties (not flat/null-free)
+            tinst = tinst->is_aryptr()->update_properties(tn_t->is_aryptr());
+            if (tinst == nullptr) {
+              continue; // Skip dead path with inconsistent properties
+            }
+          }
           if (tn_type->isa_narrowoop()) {
             tn_type = tinst->make_narrowoop();
           } else {
@@ -4696,7 +5122,7 @@ void ConnectionGraph::split_unique_types(GrowableArray<Node *>  &alloc_worklist,
     // push allocation's users on appropriate worklist
     for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = n->fast_outs(imax); i < imax; i++) {
       Node *use = n->fast_out(i);
-      if(use->is_Mem() && use->in(MemNode::Address) == n) {
+      if (use->is_Mem() && use->in(MemNode::Address) == n) {
         // Load/store to instance's field
         memnode_worklist.push(use);
       } else if (use->is_MemBar()) {
@@ -4732,6 +5158,9 @@ void ConnectionGraph::split_unique_types(GrowableArray<Node *>  &alloc_worklist,
           // EncodeISOArray overwrites destination array
           memnode_worklist.push(use);
         }
+      } else if (use->Opcode() == Op_Return) {
+        // Allocation is referenced by field of returned inline type
+        assert(_compile->tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields(), "EA: unexpected reference by ReturnNode");
       } else {
         uint op = use->Opcode();
         if ((op == Op_StrCompressedCopy || op == Op_StrInflatedCopy) &&
@@ -4745,7 +5174,7 @@ void ConnectionGraph::split_unique_types(GrowableArray<Node *>  &alloc_worklist,
               op == Op_StrCompressedCopy || op == Op_StrInflatedCopy ||
               op == Op_StrEquals || op == Op_VectorizedHashCode ||
               op == Op_StrIndexOf || op == Op_StrIndexOfChar ||
-              op == Op_SubTypeCheck ||
+              op == Op_SubTypeCheck || op == Op_InlineType || op == Op_FlatArrayCheck ||
               op == Op_ReinterpretS2HF ||
               op == Op_ReachabilityFence ||
               BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2()->is_gc_barrier_node(use))) {
@@ -4861,6 +5290,9 @@ void ConnectionGraph::split_unique_types(GrowableArray<Node *>  &alloc_worklist,
       // get the memory projection
       n = n->find_out_with(Op_SCMemProj);
       assert(n != nullptr && n->Opcode() == Op_SCMemProj, "memory projection required");
+    } else if (n->is_CallLeaf() && n->as_CallLeaf()->_name != nullptr &&
+               strcmp(n->as_CallLeaf()->_name, "store_unknown_inline") == 0) {
+      n = n->as_CallLeaf()->proj_out(TypeFunc::Memory);
     } else if (n->is_Proj()) {
       assert(n->in(0)->is_Initialize(), "we only push memory projections for Initialize");
     } else {
@@ -4912,7 +5344,7 @@ void ConnectionGraph::split_unique_types(GrowableArray<Node *>  &alloc_worklist,
           memnode_worklist.push(use);
         }
 #ifdef ASSERT
-      } else if(use->is_Mem()) {
+      } else if (use->is_Mem()) {
         assert(use->in(MemNode::Memory) != n, "EA: missing memory path");
       } else if (use->is_MergeMem()) {
         assert(mergemem_worklist.contains(use->as_MergeMem()), "EA: missing MergeMem node in the worklist");
@@ -4921,6 +5353,10 @@ void ConnectionGraph::split_unique_types(GrowableArray<Node *>  &alloc_worklist,
           // EncodeISOArray overwrites destination array
           memnode_worklist.push(use);
         }
+      } else if (use->is_CallLeaf() && use->as_CallLeaf()->_name != nullptr &&
+                 strcmp(use->as_CallLeaf()->_name, "store_unknown_inline") == 0) {
+        // store_unknown_inline overwrites destination array
+        memnode_worklist.push(use);
       } else {
         uint op = use->Opcode();
         if ((use->in(MemNode::Memory) == n) &&
@@ -4930,7 +5366,7 @@ void ConnectionGraph::split_unique_types(GrowableArray<Node *>  &alloc_worklist,
         } else if (!(BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2()->is_gc_barrier_node(use) ||
               op == Op_AryEq || op == Op_StrComp || op == Op_CountPositives ||
               op == Op_StrCompressedCopy || op == Op_StrInflatedCopy || op == Op_VectorizedHashCode ||
-              op == Op_StrEquals || op == Op_StrIndexOf || op == Op_StrIndexOfChar)) {
+              op == Op_StrEquals || op == Op_StrIndexOf || op == Op_StrIndexOfChar || op == Op_FlatArrayCheck)) {
           n->dump();
           use->dump();
           assert(false, "EA: missing memory path");
@@ -5033,7 +5469,7 @@ void ConnectionGraph::split_unique_types(GrowableArray<Node *>  &alloc_worklist,
   // First update the inputs of any non-instance Phi's from
   // which we split out an instance Phi.  Note we don't have
   // to recursively process Phi's encountered on the input memory
-  // chains as is done in split_memory_phi() since they  will
+  // chains as is done in split_memory_phi() since they will
   // also be processed here.
   for (uint j = 0; j < orig_phis.size(); j++) {
     PhiNode* phi = orig_phis.at(j)->as_Phi();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.hpp
index 681f096681a..7303e20195e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.hpp
@@ -372,6 +372,8 @@ class ConnectionGraph: public ArenaObj {
   // Compute the escape state for arguments to a call.
   void process_call_arguments(CallNode *call);
 
+  bool returns_an_argument(CallNode* call);
+
   // Add PointsToNode node corresponding to a call
   void add_call_node(CallNode* call);
 
@@ -485,6 +487,8 @@ class ConnectionGraph: public ArenaObj {
   // Optimize ideal graph.
   void optimize_ideal_graph(GrowableArray<Node*>& ptr_cmp_worklist,
                             GrowableArray<MemBarStoreStoreNode*>& storestore_worklist);
+  // Expand flat accesses to accesses to each component if the object does not escape
+  void optimize_flat_accesses(GrowableArray<SafePointNode*>& sfn_worklist);
   // Optimize objects compare.
   const TypeInt* optimize_ptr_compare(Node* left, Node* right);
 
@@ -560,6 +564,7 @@ class ConnectionGraph: public ArenaObj {
   PhiNode* split_memory_phi(PhiNode* orig_phi, int alias_idx, Unique_Node_List& orig_phi_worklist, uint rec_depth);
 
   void  move_inst_mem(Node* n, Unique_Node_List& orig_phis);
+  bool flat_access_aliases_with(Node* flat_access, const TypeOopPtr *toop);
   Node* find_inst_mem(Node* mem, int alias_idx, Unique_Node_List& orig_phi_worklist, uint rec_depth = 0);
   Node* step_through_mergemem(MergeMemNode *mmem, int alias_idx, const TypeOopPtr *toop);
 
@@ -659,10 +664,13 @@ class ConnectionGraph: public ArenaObj {
 
   // To be used by, e.g., BarrierSetC2 impls
   Node* get_addp_base(Node* addp);
+  DEBUG_ONLY(static bool is_load_array_klass_related(const Node* uncast_base));
 
   // Utility function for nodes that load an object
   void add_objload_to_connection_graph(Node* n, Unique_Node_List* delayed_worklist);
 
+  void add_proj(Node* n, Unique_Node_List* delayed_worklist);
+
   // Add LocalVar node and edge if possible
   void add_local_var_and_edge(Node* n, PointsToNode::EscapeState es, Node* to,
                               Unique_Node_List *delayed_worklist) {
@@ -688,6 +696,8 @@ class ConnectionGraph: public ArenaObj {
   void add_to_congraph_unsafe_access(Node* n, uint opcode, Unique_Node_List* delayed_worklist);
   bool add_final_edges_unsafe_access(Node* n, uint opcode);
 
+  static bool compatible_return(CallJavaNode* call, uint k);
+
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   static int _no_escape_counter;
   static int _arg_escape_counter;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/gcm.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/gcm.cpp
index 8536dec7662..e9d2fbc13bb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/gcm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/gcm.cpp
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ void PhaseCFG::schedule_pinned_nodes(VectorSet &visited) {
       }
 
       // process all inputs that are non null
-      for (int i = node->req()-1; i >= 0; --i) {
+      for (int i = node->len()-1; i >= 0; --i) {
         if (node->in(i) != nullptr) {
           spstack.push(node->in(i));
         }
@@ -1596,6 +1596,9 @@ void PhaseCFG::schedule_late(VectorSet &visited, Node_Stack &stack) {
         early->add_inst(self);
         continue;
         break;
+      case Op_CastI2N:
+        early->add_inst(self);
+        continue;
       case Op_CheckCastPP: {
         // Don't move CheckCastPP nodes away from their input, if the input
         // is a rawptr (5071820).
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/generateOptoStub.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/generateOptoStub.cpp
index d719c301dc6..a18ef3b1db6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/generateOptoStub.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/generateOptoStub.cpp
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@ void GraphKit::gen_stub(address C_function,
                         bool return_pc) {
   ResourceMark rm;
 
-  const TypeTuple *jdomain = C->tf()->domain();
-  const TypeTuple *jrange  = C->tf()->range();
+  const TypeTuple *jdomain = C->tf()->domain_sig();
+  const TypeTuple *jrange  = C->tf()->range_sig();
 
   // The procedure start
   StartNode* start = new StartNode(root(), jdomain);
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ void GraphKit::gen_stub(address C_function,
                          exit_memory,
                          frameptr(),
                          returnadr());
-    if (C->tf()->range()->cnt() > TypeFunc::Parms)
+    if (C->tf()->range_sig()->cnt() > TypeFunc::Parms)
       ret->add_req( map()->in(TypeFunc::Parms) );
     break;
   case 1:    // This is a fancy tail-call jump.  Jump to computed address.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp
index 4f5251f39e1..1c4d96c6526 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,9 @@
  */
 
 #include "asm/register.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciFlatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciMethod.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciObjArray.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciUtilities.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
@@ -31,15 +34,20 @@
 #include "gc/shared/c2/barrierSetC2.hpp"
 #include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "opto/addnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/callnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/castnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/convertnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/graphKit.hpp"
 #include "opto/idealKit.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/intrinsicnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/locknode.hpp"
 #include "opto/machnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/memnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/multnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/narrowptrnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/opaquenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/opcodes.hpp"
 #include "opto/parse.hpp"
@@ -48,23 +56,33 @@
 #include "opto/runtime.hpp"
 #include "opto/subtypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/type.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/deoptimization.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
+#include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
 #include "utilities/bitMap.inline.hpp"
 #include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
 
 //----------------------------GraphKit-----------------------------------------
 // Main utility constructor.
-GraphKit::GraphKit(JVMState* jvms)
+GraphKit::GraphKit(JVMState* jvms, PhaseGVN* gvn)
   : Phase(Phase::Parser),
     _env(C->env()),
-    _gvn(*C->initial_gvn()),
+    _gvn((gvn != nullptr) ? *gvn : *C->initial_gvn()),
     _barrier_set(BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2())
 {
+  assert(gvn == nullptr || !gvn->is_IterGVN() || gvn->is_IterGVN()->delay_transform(), "delay transform should be enabled");
   _exceptions = jvms->map()->next_exception();
   if (_exceptions != nullptr)  jvms->map()->set_next_exception(nullptr);
   set_jvms(jvms);
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  if (_gvn.is_IterGVN() != nullptr) {
+    assert(_gvn.is_IterGVN()->delay_transform(), "Transformation must be delayed if IterGVN is used");
+    // Save the initial size of _for_igvn worklist for verification (see ~GraphKit)
+    _worklist_size = _gvn.C->igvn_worklist()->size();
+  }
+#endif
 }
 
 // Private constructor for parser.
@@ -80,7 +98,26 @@ GraphKit::GraphKit()
   DEBUG_ONLY(set_bci(-99));
 }
 
-
+GraphKit::GraphKit(const SafePointNode* sft, PhaseIterGVN& igvn)
+  : Phase(Phase::Parser),
+    _env(C->env()),
+    _gvn(igvn),
+    _exceptions(nullptr),
+    _barrier_set(BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2()) {
+  assert(igvn.delay_transform(), "must delay transformation during macro expansion");
+  assert(sft->next_exception() == nullptr, "must not have a pending exception");
+  JVMState* cloned_jvms = sft->jvms()->clone_deep(C);
+  SafePointNode* cloned_map = new SafePointNode(sft->req(), cloned_jvms);
+  for (uint i = 0; i < sft->req(); i++) {
+    cloned_map->init_req(i, sft->in(i));
+  }
+  igvn.record_for_igvn(cloned_map);
+  for (JVMState* current = cloned_jvms; current != nullptr; current = current->caller()) {
+    current->set_map(cloned_map);
+  }
+  set_jvms(cloned_jvms);
+  set_all_memory(cloned_map->memory());
+}
 
 //---------------------------clean_stack---------------------------------------
 // Clear away rubbish from the stack area of the JVM state.
@@ -919,7 +956,7 @@ static bool should_reexecute_implied_by_bytecode(JVMState *jvms, bool is_anewarr
   if (cur_method != nullptr && cur_bci != InvocationEntryBci) {
     Bytecodes::Code code = cur_method->java_code_at_bci(cur_bci);
     return Interpreter::bytecode_should_reexecute(code) ||
-           (is_anewarray && code == Bytecodes::_multianewarray);
+           (is_anewarray && (code == Bytecodes::_multianewarray));
     // Reexecute _multianewarray bytecode which was replaced with
     // sequence of [a]newarray. See Parse::do_multianewarray().
     //
@@ -1035,8 +1072,9 @@ void GraphKit::add_safepoint_edges(SafePointNode* call, bool must_throw) {
     l = in_jvms->loc_size();
     out_jvms->set_locoff(p);
     if (!can_prune_locals) {
-      for (j = 0; j < l; j++)
-        call->set_req(p++, in_map->in(k+j));
+      for (j = 0; j < l; j++) {
+        call->set_req(p++, in_map->in(k + j));
+      }
     } else {
       p += l;  // already set to top above by add_req_batch
     }
@@ -1046,8 +1084,9 @@ void GraphKit::add_safepoint_edges(SafePointNode* call, bool must_throw) {
     l = in_jvms->sp();
     out_jvms->set_stkoff(p);
     if (!can_prune_locals) {
-      for (j = 0; j < l; j++)
-        call->set_req(p++, in_map->in(k+j));
+      for (j = 0; j < l; j++) {
+        call->set_req(p++, in_map->in(k + j));
+      }
     } else if (can_prune_locals && stack_slots_not_pruned != 0) {
       // Divide stack into {S0,...,S1}, where S0 is set to top.
       uint s1 = stack_slots_not_pruned;
@@ -1275,7 +1314,7 @@ Node* GraphKit::load_object_klass(Node* obj) {
   Node* akls = AllocateNode::Ideal_klass(obj, &_gvn);
   if (akls != nullptr)  return akls;
   Node* k_adr = basic_plus_adr(obj, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes());
-  return _gvn.transform(LoadKlassNode::make(_gvn, immutable_memory(), k_adr, TypeInstPtr::KLASS));
+  return _gvn.transform(LoadKlassNode::make(_gvn, immutable_memory(), k_adr, TypeInstPtr::KLASS, TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT));
 }
 
 //-------------------------load_array_length-----------------------------------
@@ -1324,11 +1363,27 @@ Node* GraphKit::null_check_common(Node* value, BasicType type,
                                   // optional arguments for variations:
                                   bool assert_null,
                                   Node* *null_control,
-                                  bool speculative) {
+                                  bool speculative,
+                                  bool null_marker_check) {
   assert(!assert_null || null_control == nullptr, "not both at once");
   if (stopped())  return top();
   NOT_PRODUCT(explicit_null_checks_inserted++);
 
+  if (value->is_InlineType()) {
+    // Null checking a scalarized but nullable inline type. Check the null marker
+    // input instead of the oop input to avoid keeping buffer allocations alive.
+    null_check_common(value->as_InlineType()->get_null_marker(), T_INT, assert_null, null_control, speculative, true);
+    if (stopped()) {
+      return top();
+    }
+    if (assert_null) {
+      replace_in_map(value, null());
+      return null();
+    }
+    bool do_replace_in_map = (null_control == nullptr || (*null_control) == top());
+    return cast_not_null(value, do_replace_in_map);
+  }
+
   // Construct null check
   Node *chk = nullptr;
   switch(type) {
@@ -1432,7 +1487,7 @@ Node* GraphKit::null_check_common(Node* value, BasicType type,
   Deoptimization::DeoptReason reason;
   if (assert_null) {
     reason = Deoptimization::reason_null_assert(speculative);
-  } else if (type == T_OBJECT) {
+  } else if (type == T_OBJECT || null_marker_check) {
     reason = Deoptimization::reason_null_check(speculative);
   } else {
     reason = Deoptimization::Reason_div0_check;
@@ -1506,24 +1561,24 @@ Node* GraphKit::null_check_common(Node* value, BasicType type,
   return value;
 }
 
-
 //------------------------------cast_not_null----------------------------------
 // Cast obj to not-null on this path
 Node* GraphKit::cast_not_null(Node* obj, bool do_replace_in_map) {
-  const Type *t = _gvn.type(obj);
-  const Type *t_not_null = t->join_speculative(TypePtr::NOTNULL);
-  // Object is already not-null?
-  if( t == t_not_null ) return obj;
+  const Type* t = _gvn.type(obj);
+  const Type* t_not_null = t->join_speculative(TypePtr::NOTNULL);
+  if (t == t_not_null) {
+    return obj;
+  }
 
-  Node* cast = new CastPPNode(control(), obj,t_not_null);
-  cast = _gvn.transform( cast );
+  Node* cast = new CastPPNode(control(), obj, t_not_null);
+  cast = _gvn.transform(cast);
 
   // Scan for instances of 'obj' in the current JVM mapping.
   // These instances are known to be not-null after the test.
-  if (do_replace_in_map)
+  if (do_replace_in_map) {
     replace_in_map(obj, cast);
-
-  return cast;                  // Return casted value
+  }
+  return cast;
 }
 
 // Sometimes in intrinsics, we implicitly know an object is not null
@@ -1602,8 +1657,19 @@ Node* GraphKit::reset_memory() {
 
 //------------------------------set_all_memory---------------------------------
 void GraphKit::set_all_memory(Node* newmem) {
-  Node* mergemem = MergeMemNode::make(newmem);
-  gvn().set_type_bottom(mergemem);
+  // The 2 cases are semantically equivalent
+  MergeMemNode* mergemem;
+  if (_gvn.is_IterGVN()) {
+    // During IGVN, create a more predictable pattern so it is easier to verify that the GraphKit
+    // does not modify memory
+    mergemem = MergeMemNode::make(C->top());
+    mergemem->set_base_memory(newmem);
+  } else {
+    // During parsing, be a little more aggressive so that GVN can fold accesses more easily
+    mergemem = MergeMemNode::make(newmem);
+  }
+  _gvn.set_type_bottom(mergemem);
+  record_for_igvn(mergemem);
   map()->set_memory(mergemem);
 }
 
@@ -1637,6 +1703,7 @@ Node* GraphKit::make_load(Node* ctl, Node* adr, const Type* t, BasicType bt,
   Node* mem = memory(adr_idx);
   Node* ld = LoadNode::make(_gvn, ctl, mem, adr, adr_type, t, bt, mo, control_dependency, require_atomic_access, unaligned, mismatched, unsafe, barrier_data);
   ld = _gvn.transform(ld);
+
   if (((bt == T_OBJECT) && C->do_escape_analysis()) || C->eliminate_boxing()) {
     // Improve graph before escape analysis and boxing elimination.
     record_for_igvn(ld);
@@ -1690,7 +1757,9 @@ Node* GraphKit::access_store_at(Node* obj,
                                 Node* val,
                                 const Type* val_type,
                                 BasicType bt,
-                                DecoratorSet decorators) {
+                                DecoratorSet decorators,
+                                bool safe_for_replace,
+                                const InlineTypeNode* vt) {
   // Transformation of a value which could be null pointer (CastPP #null)
   // could be delayed during Parse (for example, in adjust_map_after_if()).
   // Execute transformation here to avoid barrier generation in such case.
@@ -1703,10 +1772,17 @@ Node* GraphKit::access_store_at(Node* obj,
   }
 
   assert(val != nullptr, "not dead path");
+  if (val->is_InlineType()) {
+    // Store to non-flat field. Buffer the inline type and make sure
+    // the store is re-executed if the allocation triggers deoptimization.
+    PreserveReexecuteState preexecs(this);
+    jvms()->set_should_reexecute(true);
+    val = val->as_InlineType()->buffer(this, safe_for_replace);
+  }
 
   C2AccessValuePtr addr(adr, adr_type);
   C2AccessValue value(val, val_type);
-  C2ParseAccess access(this, decorators | C2_WRITE_ACCESS, bt, obj, addr);
+  C2ParseAccess access(this, decorators | C2_WRITE_ACCESS, bt, obj, addr, nullptr, vt);
   if (access.is_raw()) {
     return _barrier_set->BarrierSetC2::store_at(access, value);
   } else {
@@ -1719,14 +1795,15 @@ Node* GraphKit::access_load_at(Node* obj,   // containing obj
                                const TypePtr* adr_type,
                                const Type* val_type,
                                BasicType bt,
-                               DecoratorSet decorators) {
+                               DecoratorSet decorators,
+                               Node* ctl) {
   if (stopped()) {
     return top(); // Dead path ?
   }
 
   SavedState old_state(this);
   C2AccessValuePtr addr(adr, adr_type);
-  C2ParseAccess access(this, decorators | C2_READ_ACCESS, bt, obj, addr);
+  C2ParseAccess access(this, decorators | C2_READ_ACCESS, bt, obj, addr, ctl);
   Node* load;
   if (access.is_raw()) {
     load = _barrier_set->BarrierSetC2::load_at(access, val_type);
@@ -1848,8 +1925,21 @@ void GraphKit::access_clone(Node* src, Node* dst, Node* size, bool is_array) {
 //-------------------------array_element_address-------------------------
 Node* GraphKit::array_element_address(Node* ary, Node* idx, BasicType elembt,
                                       const TypeInt* sizetype, Node* ctrl) {
-  uint shift  = exact_log2(type2aelembytes(elembt));
-  uint header = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(elembt);
+  const TypeAryPtr* arytype = _gvn.type(ary)->is_aryptr();
+  uint shift;
+  uint header;
+  if (arytype->is_flat() && arytype->klass_is_exact()) {
+    // We can only determine the flat array layout statically if the klass is exact. Otherwise, we could have different
+    // value classes at runtime with a potentially different layout. The caller needs to fall back to call
+    // load/store_unknown_inline_Type() at runtime. We could return a sentinel node for the non-exact case but that
+    // might mess with other GVN transformations in between. Thus, we just continue in the else branch normally, even
+    // though we don't need the address node in this case and throw it away again.
+    shift = arytype->flat_log_elem_size();
+    header = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_FLAT_ELEMENT);
+  } else {
+    shift = exact_log2(type2aelembytes(elembt));
+    header = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(elembt);
+  }
 
   // short-circuit a common case (saves lots of confusing waste motion)
   jint idx_con = find_int_con(idx, -1);
@@ -1865,6 +1955,39 @@ Node* GraphKit::array_element_address(Node* ary, Node* idx, BasicType elembt,
   return basic_plus_adr(ary, base, scale);
 }
 
+Node* GraphKit::cast_to_flat_array(Node* array, ciInlineKlass* elem_vk) {
+  assert(elem_vk->maybe_flat_in_array(), "no flat array for %s", elem_vk->name()->as_utf8());
+  if (!elem_vk->has_null_free_atomic_layout() && !elem_vk->has_nullable_atomic_layout()) {
+    return cast_to_flat_array_exact(array, elem_vk, true, false);
+  } else if (!elem_vk->has_nullable_atomic_layout() && !elem_vk->has_null_free_non_atomic_layout()) {
+    return cast_to_flat_array_exact(array, elem_vk, true, true);
+  } else if (!elem_vk->has_null_free_atomic_layout() && !elem_vk->has_null_free_non_atomic_layout()) {
+    return cast_to_flat_array_exact(array, elem_vk, false, true);
+  }
+
+  bool is_null_free = false;
+  if (!elem_vk->has_nullable_atomic_layout()) {
+    // Element does not have a nullable flat layout, cannot be nullable
+    is_null_free = true;
+  }
+
+  ciArrayKlass* array_klass = ciObjArrayKlass::make(elem_vk, false);
+  const TypeAryPtr* arytype = TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass(array_klass)->isa_aryptr();
+  arytype = arytype->cast_to_flat(true)->cast_to_null_free(is_null_free);
+  return _gvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(control(), array, arytype, ConstraintCastNode::DependencyType::NonFloatingNarrowing));
+}
+
+Node* GraphKit::cast_to_flat_array_exact(Node* array, ciInlineKlass* elem_vk, bool is_null_free, bool is_atomic) {
+  assert(is_null_free || is_atomic, "nullable arrays must be atomic");
+  ciArrayKlass* array_klass = ciObjArrayKlass::make(elem_vk, true, is_null_free, is_atomic);
+  const TypeAryPtr* arytype = TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass(array_klass)->isa_aryptr();
+  assert(arytype->klass_is_exact(), "inconsistency");
+  assert(arytype->is_flat(), "inconsistency");
+  assert(arytype->is_null_free() == is_null_free, "inconsistency");
+  assert(arytype->is_not_null_free() == !is_null_free, "inconsistency");
+  return _gvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(control(), array, arytype, ConstraintCastNode::DependencyType::NonFloatingNarrowing));
+}
+
 //-------------------------load_array_element-------------------------
 Node* GraphKit::load_array_element(Node* ary, Node* idx, const TypeAryPtr* arytype, bool set_ctrl) {
   const Type* elemtype = arytype->elem();
@@ -1881,11 +2004,57 @@ Node* GraphKit::load_array_element(Node* ary, Node* idx, const TypeAryPtr* aryty
 //-------------------------set_arguments_for_java_call-------------------------
 // Arguments (pre-popped from the stack) are taken from the JVMS.
 void GraphKit::set_arguments_for_java_call(CallJavaNode* call) {
-  // Add the call arguments:
-  uint nargs = call->method()->arg_size();
-  for (uint i = 0; i < nargs; i++) {
-    Node* arg = argument(i);
-    call->init_req(i + TypeFunc::Parms, arg);
+  PreserveReexecuteState preexecs(this);
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    // Make sure the call is "re-executed", if buffering of inline type arguments triggers deoptimization.
+    // At this point, the call hasn't been executed yet, so we will only ever execute the call once.
+    jvms()->set_should_reexecute(true);
+    int arg_size = method()->get_declared_signature_at_bci(bci())->arg_size_for_bc(java_bc());
+    inc_sp(arg_size);
+  }
+  // Add the call arguments
+  const TypeTuple* domain = call->tf()->domain_sig();
+  uint nargs = domain->cnt();
+  int arg_num = 0;
+  for (uint i = TypeFunc::Parms, idx = TypeFunc::Parms; i < nargs; i++) {
+    uint arg_idx = i - TypeFunc::Parms;
+    Node* arg = argument(arg_idx);
+    const Type* t = domain->field_at(i);
+    if (t->is_inlinetypeptr() && !call->method()->mismatch() && call->method()->is_scalarized_arg(arg_num)) {
+      // We don't pass inline type arguments by reference but instead pass each field of the inline type
+      if (!arg->is_InlineType()) {
+        // There are 2 cases in which the argument has not been scalarized
+        if (_gvn.type(arg)->is_zero_type()) {
+          arg = InlineTypeNode::make_null(_gvn, t->inline_klass());
+        } else {
+          // During parsing, a method is called with an abstract (or j.l.Object) receiver, the
+          // receiver is a non-scalarized oop. CHA or IGVN might then prove that the receiver
+          // type must be an exact value class. The method is devirtualized, and replaced with
+          // a direct call with a scalarized receiver instead.
+          assert(arg_idx == 0 && !call->method()->is_static(), "must be the receiver");
+          assert(call->is_optimized_virtual(), "must be during devirtualization of calls");
+          arg = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(this, arg, t->inline_klass());
+        }
+      }
+      InlineTypeNode* vt = arg->as_InlineType();
+      vt->pass_fields(this, call, idx, true, !t->maybe_null(), true);
+      // If an inline type argument is passed as fields, attach the Method* to the call site
+      // to be able to access the extended signature later via attached_method_before_pc().
+      // For example, see CompiledMethod::preserve_callee_argument_oops().
+      call->set_override_symbolic_info(true);
+      // Register a calling convention dependency on the callee method to make sure that this method is deoptimized and
+      // re-compiled with a non-scalarized calling convention if the callee method is later marked as mismatched.
+      C->dependencies()->assert_mismatch_calling_convention(call->method());
+      arg_num++;
+      continue;
+    } else if (arg->is_InlineType()) {
+      // Pass inline type argument via oop to callee
+      arg = arg->as_InlineType()->buffer(this, true);
+    }
+    if (t != Type::HALF) {
+      arg_num++;
+    }
+    call->init_req(idx++, arg);
   }
 }
 
@@ -1923,13 +2092,6 @@ void GraphKit::set_edges_for_java_call(CallJavaNode* call, bool must_throw, bool
 Node* GraphKit::set_results_for_java_call(CallJavaNode* call, bool separate_io_proj, bool deoptimize) {
   if (stopped())  return top();  // maybe the call folded up?
 
-  // Capture the return value, if any.
-  Node* ret;
-  if (call->method() == nullptr ||
-      call->method()->return_type()->basic_type() == T_VOID)
-        ret = top();
-  else  ret = _gvn.transform(new ProjNode(call, TypeFunc::Parms));
-
   // Note:  Since any out-of-line call can produce an exception,
   // we always insert an I_O projection from the call into the result.
 
@@ -1942,6 +2104,90 @@ Node* GraphKit::set_results_for_java_call(CallJavaNode* call, bool separate_io_p
     set_i_o(_gvn.transform( new ProjNode(call, TypeFunc::I_O) ));
     set_all_memory(_gvn.transform( new ProjNode(call, TypeFunc::Memory) ));
   }
+
+  // Capture the return value, if any.
+  Node* ret;
+  if (call->method() == nullptr || call->method()->return_type()->basic_type() == T_VOID) {
+    ret = top();
+  } else if (call->tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields()) {
+    // Return of multiple values (inline type fields): we create a
+    // InlineType node, each field is a projection from the call.
+    ciInlineKlass* vk = call->method()->return_type()->as_inline_klass();
+    uint base_input = TypeFunc::Parms;
+    ret = InlineTypeNode::make_from_multi(this, call, vk, base_input, false, false);
+    // If we run out of registers to store the null marker, we need to reserve an extra
+    // slot to store it on the stack. Unfortunately, we only know if stack slot is needed
+    // when matching the call (see Matcher::return_values_mask), so we are conservative here.
+    C->set_needs_nm_slot(true);
+  } else {
+    ret = _gvn.transform(new ProjNode(call, TypeFunc::Parms));
+    ciType* t = call->method()->return_type();
+    if (!t->is_loaded() && InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+      // The return type is unloaded but the callee might later be C2 compiled and then return
+      // in scalarized form when the return type is loaded. Handle this similar to what we do in
+      // PhaseMacroExpand::expand_mh_intrinsic_return by calling into the runtime to buffer.
+      // It's a bit unfortunate because we will deopt anyway but the interpreter needs an oop.
+      IdealKit ideal(this);
+      IdealVariable res(ideal);
+      ideal.declarations_done();
+      // Change return type of call to scalarized return
+      const TypeFunc* tf = call->_tf;
+      const TypeTuple* domain = OptoRuntime::store_inline_type_fields_Type()->domain_cc();
+      const TypeFunc* new_tf = TypeFunc::make(tf->domain_sig(), tf->domain_cc(), tf->range_sig(), domain, true);
+      call->_tf = new_tf;
+      _gvn.set_type(call, call->Value(&_gvn));
+      _gvn.set_type(ret, ret->Value(&_gvn));
+      // Don't add store to buffer call if we are strength reducing
+      if (!C->strength_reduction()) {
+        ideal.if_then(ret, BoolTest::eq, ideal.makecon(TypePtr::NULL_PTR)); {
+          // Return value is null
+          ideal.set(res, makecon(TypePtr::NULL_PTR));
+        } ideal.else_(); {
+          // Return value is non-null
+          sync_kit(ideal);
+
+          Node* store_to_buf_call = make_runtime_call(RC_NO_LEAF | RC_NO_IO,
+                                                      OptoRuntime::store_inline_type_fields_Type(),
+                                                      SharedRuntime::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf_entry(),
+                                                      nullptr, TypePtr::BOTTOM, ret);
+
+          // We don't know how many values are returned. This assumes the
+          // worst case, that all available registers are used.
+          for (uint i = TypeFunc::Parms+1; i < domain->cnt(); i++) {
+            if (domain->field_at(i) == Type::HALF) {
+              store_to_buf_call->init_req(i, top());
+              continue;
+            }
+            Node* proj =_gvn.transform(new ProjNode(call, i));
+            store_to_buf_call->init_req(i, proj);
+          }
+          make_slow_call_ex(store_to_buf_call, env()->Throwable_klass(), false);
+
+          Node* buf = _gvn.transform(new ProjNode(store_to_buf_call, TypeFunc::Parms));
+          const Type* buf_type = TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass(t->as_klass())->join_speculative(TypePtr::NOTNULL);
+          buf = _gvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(control(), buf, buf_type));
+
+          ideal.set(res, buf);
+          ideal.sync_kit(this);
+        } ideal.end_if();
+      } else {
+        for (uint i = TypeFunc::Parms+1; i < domain->cnt(); i++) {
+          // Will be rewired later in replace_call().
+          _gvn.transform(new ProjNode(call, i));
+        }
+        ideal.set(res, ret);
+      }
+      sync_kit(ideal);
+      ret = _gvn.transform(ideal.value(res));
+    } else if (!call->method()->return_value_is_larval() && _gvn.type(ret)->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+      // In Parse::do_call we call make_from_oop on the final result of the call, but this could be the
+      // result of merging several call paths. If one of them is made of an actual call node that
+      // returns an oop, we need to call make_from_oop here as well because we want InlineType
+      // nodes on every path to avoid merging an unallocated InlineType node path with an oop path.
+      ret = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(this, ret, _gvn.type(ret)->inline_klass());
+    }
+  }
+
   return ret;
 }
 
@@ -2043,50 +2289,69 @@ void GraphKit::replace_call(CallNode* call, Node* result, bool do_replaced_nodes
   SafePointNode* final_state = stop();
 
   // Find all the needed outputs of this call
-  CallProjections callprojs;
-  call->extract_projections(&callprojs, true, do_asserts);
+  CallProjections* callprojs = call->extract_projections(true, do_asserts);
 
   Unique_Node_List wl;
-  Node* init_mem = call->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
   Node* final_mem = final_state->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
   Node* final_ctl = final_state->in(TypeFunc::Control);
   Node* final_io = final_state->in(TypeFunc::I_O);
 
   // Replace all the old call edges with the edges from the inlining result
-  if (callprojs.fallthrough_catchproj != nullptr) {
-    C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs.fallthrough_catchproj, final_ctl);
+  if (callprojs->fallthrough_catchproj != nullptr) {
+    C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs->fallthrough_catchproj, final_ctl);
   }
-  if (callprojs.fallthrough_memproj != nullptr) {
+  if (callprojs->fallthrough_memproj != nullptr) {
     if (final_mem->is_MergeMem()) {
       // Parser's exits MergeMem was not transformed but may be optimized
       final_mem = _gvn.transform(final_mem);
     }
-    C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs.fallthrough_memproj,   final_mem);
+    C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs->fallthrough_memproj,   final_mem);
     add_mergemem_users_to_worklist(wl, final_mem);
   }
-  if (callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj != nullptr) {
-    C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj,    final_io);
+  if (callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj != nullptr) {
+    C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj,    final_io);
   }
 
   // Replace the result with the new result if it exists and is used
-  if (callprojs.resproj != nullptr && result != nullptr) {
-    C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs.resproj, result);
+  if (callprojs->resproj[0] != nullptr && result != nullptr) {
+    // If the inlined code is dead, the result projections for an inline type returned as
+    // fields have not been replaced. They will go away once the call is replaced by TOP below.
+    assert(callprojs->nb_resproj == 1 || (call->tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields() && stopped()) ||
+           (C->strength_reduction() && InlineTypeReturnedAsFields && !call->as_CallJava()->method()->return_type()->is_loaded()),
+           "unexpected number of results");
+    // If we are doing strength reduction and the return type is not loaded we
+    // need to rewire all projections since store_inline_type_fields_to_buf is already present
+    if (C->strength_reduction() && InlineTypeReturnedAsFields && !call->as_CallJava()->method()->return_type()->is_loaded()) {
+      CallNode* new_call = result->in(0)->as_Call();
+      assert(new_call->proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Parms) == result, "the first data projection should be result");
+      for (uint i = 0; i < callprojs->nb_resproj; i++) {
+        if (callprojs->resproj[i] != nullptr) {
+          Node* new_proj = new_call->proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Parms + i);
+          assert(new_proj != nullptr, "projection should be available");
+          const Type* result_type = _gvn.type(callprojs->resproj[i]);
+          new_proj = _gvn.transform(new OpaqueParseNode(C, new_proj, result_type));
+          C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs->resproj[i], new_proj);
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs->resproj[0], result);
+    }
   }
 
   if (ejvms == nullptr) {
     // No exception edges to simply kill off those paths
-    if (callprojs.catchall_catchproj != nullptr) {
-      C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs.catchall_catchproj, C->top());
+    if (callprojs->catchall_catchproj != nullptr) {
+      C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs->catchall_catchproj, C->top());
     }
-    if (callprojs.catchall_memproj != nullptr) {
-      C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs.catchall_memproj,   C->top());
+    if (callprojs->catchall_memproj != nullptr) {
+      C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs->catchall_memproj,   C->top());
     }
-    if (callprojs.catchall_ioproj != nullptr) {
-      C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs.catchall_ioproj,    C->top());
+    if (callprojs->catchall_ioproj != nullptr) {
+      C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs->catchall_ioproj,    C->top());
     }
     // Replace the old exception object with top
-    if (callprojs.exobj != nullptr) {
-      C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs.exobj, C->top());
+    if (callprojs->exobj != nullptr) {
+      C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs->exobj, C->top());
     }
   } else {
     GraphKit ekit(ejvms);
@@ -2097,22 +2362,22 @@ void GraphKit::replace_call(CallNode* call, Node* result, bool do_replaced_nodes
 
     Node* ex_oop = ekit.use_exception_state(ex_map);
 
-    if (callprojs.catchall_catchproj != nullptr) {
-      C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs.catchall_catchproj, ekit.control());
+    if (callprojs->catchall_catchproj != nullptr) {
+      C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs->catchall_catchproj, ekit.control());
       ex_ctl = ekit.control();
     }
-    if (callprojs.catchall_memproj != nullptr) {
+    if (callprojs->catchall_memproj != nullptr) {
       Node* ex_mem = ekit.reset_memory();
-      C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs.catchall_memproj,   ex_mem);
+      C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs->catchall_memproj,   ex_mem);
       add_mergemem_users_to_worklist(wl, ex_mem);
     }
-    if (callprojs.catchall_ioproj != nullptr) {
-      C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs.catchall_ioproj,    ekit.i_o());
+    if (callprojs->catchall_ioproj != nullptr) {
+      C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs->catchall_ioproj,    ekit.i_o());
     }
 
     // Replace the old exception object with the newly created one
-    if (callprojs.exobj != nullptr) {
-      C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs.exobj, ex_oop);
+    if (callprojs->exobj != nullptr) {
+      C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs->exobj, ex_oop);
     }
   }
 
@@ -2126,7 +2391,7 @@ void GraphKit::replace_call(CallNode* call, Node* result, bool do_replaced_nodes
     _gvn.transform(wl.pop());
   }
 
-  if (callprojs.fallthrough_catchproj != nullptr && !final_ctl->is_top() && do_replaced_nodes) {
+  if (callprojs->fallthrough_catchproj != nullptr && !final_ctl->is_top() && do_replaced_nodes) {
     replaced_nodes.apply(C, final_ctl);
   }
   if (!ex_ctl->is_top() && do_replaced_nodes) {
@@ -2155,6 +2420,9 @@ void GraphKit::halt(Node* ctrl, Node* frameptr, const char* reason, bool generat
                             PRODUCT_ONLY(COMMA generate_code_in_product));
   halt = _gvn.transform(halt);
   root()->add_req(halt);
+  if (_gvn.is_IterGVN() != nullptr) {
+    record_for_igvn(root());
+  }
 }
 
 //------------------------------uncommon_trap----------------------------------
@@ -2332,11 +2600,11 @@ Node* GraphKit::record_profile_for_speculation(Node* n, ciKlass* exact_kls, Prof
   // Should the klass from the profile be recorded in the speculative type?
   if (current_type->would_improve_type(exact_kls, jvms()->depth())) {
     const TypeKlassPtr* tklass = TypeKlassPtr::make(exact_kls, Type::trust_interfaces);
-    const TypeOopPtr* xtype = tklass->as_instance_type();
+    const TypeOopPtr* xtype = tklass->as_exact_instance_type();
     assert(xtype->klass_is_exact(), "Should be exact");
     // Any reason to believe n is not null (from this profiling or a previous one)?
     assert(ptr_kind != ProfileAlwaysNull, "impossible here");
-    const TypePtr* ptr = (ptr_kind == ProfileMaybeNull && current_type->speculative_maybe_null()) ? TypePtr::BOTTOM : TypePtr::NOTNULL;
+    const TypePtr* ptr = (ptr_kind != ProfileNeverNull && current_type->speculative_maybe_null()) ? TypePtr::BOTTOM : TypePtr::NOTNULL;
     // record the new speculative type's depth
     speculative = xtype->cast_to_ptr_type(ptr->ptr())->is_ptr();
     speculative = speculative->with_inline_depth(jvms()->depth());
@@ -2359,7 +2627,7 @@ Node* GraphKit::record_profile_for_speculation(Node* n, ciKlass* exact_kls, Prof
   if (speculative != current_type->speculative()) {
     // Build a type with a speculative type (what we think we know
     // about the type but will need a guard when we use it)
-    const TypeOopPtr* spec_type = TypeOopPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, Type::OffsetBot, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot, speculative);
+    const TypeOopPtr* spec_type = TypeOopPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, Type::Offset::bottom, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot, speculative);
     // We're changing the type, we need a new CheckCast node to carry
     // the new type. The new type depends on the control: what
     // profiling tells us is only valid from here as far as we can
@@ -2393,20 +2661,31 @@ Node* GraphKit::record_profiled_receiver_for_speculation(Node* n) {
       method()->method_data()->is_mature()) {
     ciProfileData* data = method()->method_data()->bci_to_data(bci());
     if (data != nullptr) {
-      if (!data->as_BitData()->null_seen()) {
-        ptr_kind = ProfileNeverNull;
+      if (java_bc() == Bytecodes::_aastore) {
+        ciKlass* array_type = nullptr;
+        ciKlass* element_type = nullptr;
+        ProfilePtrKind element_ptr = ProfileMaybeNull;
+        bool flat_array = true;
+        bool null_free_array = true;
+        method()->array_access_profiled_type(bci(), array_type, element_type, element_ptr, flat_array, null_free_array);
+        exact_kls = element_type;
+        ptr_kind = element_ptr;
       } else {
-        if (TypeProfileCasts) {
-          assert(data->is_ReceiverTypeData(), "bad profile data type");
-          ciReceiverTypeData* call = (ciReceiverTypeData*)data->as_ReceiverTypeData();
-          uint i = 0;
-          for (; i < call->row_limit(); i++) {
-            ciKlass* receiver = call->receiver(i);
-            if (receiver != nullptr) {
-              break;
+        if (!data->as_BitData()->null_seen()) {
+          ptr_kind = ProfileNeverNull;
+        } else {
+          if (TypeProfileCasts) {
+            assert(data->is_ReceiverTypeData(), "bad profile data type");
+            ciReceiverTypeData* call = (ciReceiverTypeData*)data->as_ReceiverTypeData();
+            uint i = 0;
+            for (; i < call->row_limit(); i++) {
+              ciKlass* receiver = call->receiver(i);
+              if (receiver != nullptr) {
+                break;
+              }
             }
+            ptr_kind = (i == call->row_limit()) ? ProfileAlwaysNull : ProfileMaybeNull;
           }
-          ptr_kind = (i == call->row_limit()) ? ProfileAlwaysNull : ProfileMaybeNull;
         }
       }
     }
@@ -2426,10 +2705,10 @@ void GraphKit::record_profiled_arguments_for_speculation(ciMethod* dest_method,
     return;
   }
   const TypeFunc* tf    = TypeFunc::make(dest_method);
-  int             nargs = tf->domain()->cnt() - TypeFunc::Parms;
+  int             nargs = tf->domain_sig()->cnt() - TypeFunc::Parms;
   int skip = Bytecodes::has_receiver(bc) ? 1 : 0;
   for (int j = skip, i = 0; j < nargs && i < TypeProfileArgsLimit; j++) {
-    const Type *targ = tf->domain()->field_at(j + TypeFunc::Parms);
+    const Type *targ = tf->domain_sig()->field_at(j + TypeFunc::Parms);
     if (is_reference_type(targ->basic_type())) {
       ProfilePtrKind ptr_kind = ProfileMaybeNull;
       ciKlass* better_type = nullptr;
@@ -2589,7 +2868,7 @@ Node* GraphKit::make_runtime_call(int flags,
   } else if (flags & RC_NO_FP) {
     call = new CallLeafNoFPNode(call_type, call_addr, call_name, adr_type);
   } else  if (flags & RC_VECTOR){
-    uint num_bits = call_type->range()->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms)->is_vect()->length_in_bytes() * BitsPerByte;
+    uint num_bits = call_type->range_sig()->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms)->is_vect()->length_in_bytes() * BitsPerByte;
     call = new CallLeafVectorNode(call_type, call_addr, call_name, adr_type, num_bits);
   } else if (flags & RC_PURE) {
     assert(adr_type == nullptr, "pure call does not touch memory");
@@ -2624,7 +2903,7 @@ Node* GraphKit::make_runtime_call(int flags,
   if (parm6 != nullptr) { call->init_req(TypeFunc::Parms+6, parm6);
   if (parm7 != nullptr) { call->init_req(TypeFunc::Parms+7, parm7);
   /* close each nested if ===> */  } } } } } } } }
-  assert(call->in(call->req()-1) != nullptr, "must initialize all parms");
+  assert(call->in(call->req()-1) != nullptr || (call->req()-1) > (TypeFunc::Parms+7), "must initialize all parms");
 
   if (!is_leaf) {
     // Non-leaves can block and take safepoints:
@@ -2672,6 +2951,7 @@ Node* GraphKit::sign_extend_short(Node* in) {
   return _gvn.transform(new RShiftINode(tmp, _gvn.intcon(16)));
 }
 
+
 //------------------------------merge_memory-----------------------------------
 // Merge memory from one path into the current memory state.
 void GraphKit::merge_memory(Node* new_mem, Node* region, int new_path) {
@@ -2768,6 +3048,14 @@ Node* Phase::gen_subtype_check(Node* subklass, Node* superklass, Node** ctrl, No
     return C->top();
   }
 
+  const TypeKlassPtr* klass_ptr_type = gvn.type(superklass)->is_klassptr();
+  // For a direct pointer comparison, we need the refined array klass pointer
+  Node* vm_superklass = superklass;
+  if (klass_ptr_type->isa_aryklassptr() && klass_ptr_type->klass_is_exact()) {
+    assert(!klass_ptr_type->is_aryklassptr()->is_refined_type(), "Unexpected refined array klass pointer");
+    vm_superklass = gvn.makecon(klass_ptr_type->is_aryklassptr()->cast_to_refined_array_klass_ptr());
+  }
+
   // Fast check for identical types, perhaps identical constants.
   // The types can even be identical non-constants, in cases
   // involving Array.newInstance, Object.clone, etc.
@@ -2805,7 +3093,7 @@ Node* Phase::gen_subtype_check(Node* subklass, Node* superklass, Node** ctrl, No
     case Compile::SSC_easy_test:
       {
         // Just do a direct pointer compare and be done.
-        IfNode* iff = gen_subtype_check_compare(*ctrl, subklass, superklass, BoolTest::eq, PROB_STATIC_FREQUENT, gvn, T_ADDRESS);
+        IfNode* iff = gen_subtype_check_compare(*ctrl, subklass, vm_superklass, BoolTest::eq, PROB_STATIC_FREQUENT, gvn, T_ADDRESS);
         *ctrl = gvn.transform(new IfTrueNode(iff));
         return gvn.transform(new IfFalseNode(iff));
       }
@@ -2883,6 +3171,10 @@ Node* Phase::gen_subtype_check(Node* subklass, Node* superklass, Node** ctrl, No
         if (result != Compile::SSC_always_true && result != Compile::SSC_always_false) {
           continue;
         }
+        if (klass_t->isa_aryklassptr()) {
+          // For a direct pointer comparison, we need the refined array klass pointer
+          klass_t = klass_t->is_aryklassptr()->cast_to_refined_array_klass_ptr();
+        }
         float prob = profile.receiver_prob(i);
         ConNode* klass_node = gvn.makecon(klass_t);
         IfNode* iff = gen_subtype_check_compare(*ctrl, subklass, klass_node, BoolTest::eq, prob, gvn, T_ADDRESS);
@@ -2936,7 +3228,7 @@ Node* Phase::gen_subtype_check(Node* subklass, Node* superklass, Node** ctrl, No
   // Check for self.  Very rare to get here, but it is taken 1/3 the time.
   // No performance impact (too rare) but allows sharing of secondary arrays
   // which has some footprint reduction.
-  IfNode *iff3 = gen_subtype_check_compare(*ctrl, subklass, superklass, BoolTest::eq, PROB_LIKELY(0.36f), gvn, T_ADDRESS);
+  IfNode *iff3 = gen_subtype_check_compare(*ctrl, subklass, vm_superklass, BoolTest::eq, PROB_LIKELY(0.36f), gvn, T_ADDRESS);
   r_ok_subtype->init_req(2, gvn.transform(new IfTrueNode(iff3)));
   *ctrl = gvn.transform(new IfFalseNode(iff3));
 
@@ -2974,12 +3266,17 @@ Node* Phase::gen_subtype_check(Node* subklass, Node* superklass, Node** ctrl, No
 }
 
 Node* GraphKit::gen_subtype_check(Node* obj_or_subklass, Node* superklass) {
+  const Type* sub_t = _gvn.type(obj_or_subklass);
+  if (sub_t->make_oopptr() != nullptr && sub_t->make_oopptr()->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+    sub_t = TypeKlassPtr::make(sub_t->inline_klass());
+    obj_or_subklass = makecon(sub_t);
+  }
   bool expand_subtype_check = C->post_loop_opts_phase(); // macro node expansion is over
   if (expand_subtype_check) {
     MergeMemNode* mem = merged_memory();
     Node* ctrl = control();
     Node* subklass = obj_or_subklass;
-    if (!_gvn.type(obj_or_subklass)->isa_klassptr()) {
+    if (!sub_t->isa_klassptr()) {
       subklass = load_object_klass(obj_or_subklass);
     }
 
@@ -2997,29 +3294,43 @@ Node* GraphKit::gen_subtype_check(Node* obj_or_subklass, Node* superklass) {
 
 // Profile-driven exact type check:
 Node* GraphKit::type_check_receiver(Node* receiver, ciKlass* klass,
-                                    float prob,
-                                    Node* *casted_receiver) {
+                                    float prob, Node* *casted_receiver) {
   assert(!klass->is_interface(), "no exact type check on interfaces");
-
+  Node* fail = top();
+  const Type* rec_t = _gvn.type(receiver);
+  if (rec_t->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+    if (klass->equals(rec_t->inline_klass())) {
+      (*casted_receiver) = receiver; // Always passes
+    } else {
+      (*casted_receiver) = top();    // Always fails
+      fail = control();
+      set_control(top());
+    }
+    return fail;
+  }
   const TypeKlassPtr* tklass = TypeKlassPtr::make(klass, Type::trust_interfaces);
+  if (tklass->isa_aryklassptr()) {
+    // For a direct pointer comparison, we need the refined array klass pointer
+    tklass = tklass->is_aryklassptr()->cast_to_refined_array_klass_ptr();
+  }
   Node* recv_klass = load_object_klass(receiver);
-  Node* want_klass = makecon(tklass);
-  Node* cmp = _gvn.transform(new CmpPNode(recv_klass, want_klass));
-  Node* bol = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(cmp, BoolTest::eq));
-  IfNode* iff = create_and_xform_if(control(), bol, prob, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
-  set_control( _gvn.transform(new IfTrueNode (iff)));
-  Node* fail = _gvn.transform(new IfFalseNode(iff));
+  fail = type_check(recv_klass, tklass, prob);
 
   if (!stopped()) {
     const TypeOopPtr* receiver_type = _gvn.type(receiver)->isa_oopptr();
-    const TypeOopPtr* recvx_type = tklass->as_instance_type();
-    assert(recvx_type->klass_is_exact(), "");
+    const TypeOopPtr* recv_xtype = tklass->as_exact_instance_type();
+    assert(recv_xtype->klass_is_exact(), "");
 
-    if (!receiver_type->higher_equal(recvx_type)) { // ignore redundant casts
+    if (!receiver_type->higher_equal(recv_xtype)) { // ignore redundant casts
       // Subsume downstream occurrences of receiver with a cast to
       // recv_xtype, since now we know what the type will be.
-      Node* cast = new CheckCastPPNode(control(), receiver, recvx_type);
-      (*casted_receiver) = _gvn.transform(cast);
+      Node* cast = new CheckCastPPNode(control(), receiver, recv_xtype);
+      Node* res = _gvn.transform(cast);
+      if (recv_xtype->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+        assert(!gvn().type(res)->maybe_null(), "receiver should never be null");
+        res = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(this, res, recv_xtype->inline_klass());
+      }
+      (*casted_receiver) = res;
       assert(!(*casted_receiver)->is_top(), "that path should be unreachable");
       // (User must make the replace_in_map call.)
     }
@@ -3028,6 +3339,17 @@ Node* GraphKit::type_check_receiver(Node* receiver, ciKlass* klass,
   return fail;
 }
 
+Node* GraphKit::type_check(Node* recv_klass, const TypeKlassPtr* tklass,
+                           float prob) {
+  Node* want_klass = makecon(tklass);
+  Node* cmp = _gvn.transform(new CmpPNode(recv_klass, want_klass));
+  Node* bol = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(cmp, BoolTest::eq));
+  IfNode* iff = create_and_xform_if(control(), bol, prob, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
+  set_control(_gvn.transform(new IfTrueNode (iff)));
+  Node* fail = _gvn.transform(new IfFalseNode(iff));
+  return fail;
+}
+
 //------------------------------subtype_check_receiver-------------------------
 Node* GraphKit::subtype_check_receiver(Node* receiver, ciKlass* klass,
                                        Node** casted_receiver) {
@@ -3039,10 +3361,13 @@ Node* GraphKit::subtype_check_receiver(Node* receiver, ciKlass* klass,
   // Ignore interface type information until interface types are properly tracked.
   if (!stopped() && !klass->is_interface()) {
     const TypeOopPtr* receiver_type = _gvn.type(receiver)->isa_oopptr();
-    const TypeOopPtr* recv_type = tklass->cast_to_exactness(false)->is_klassptr()->as_instance_type();
-    if (!receiver_type->higher_equal(recv_type)) { // ignore redundant casts
-      Node* cast = new CheckCastPPNode(control(), receiver, recv_type);
-      (*casted_receiver) = _gvn.transform(cast);
+    const TypeOopPtr* recv_type = tklass->as_subtype_instance_type();
+    if (receiver_type != nullptr && !receiver_type->higher_equal(recv_type)) { // ignore redundant casts
+      Node* cast = _gvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(control(), receiver, recv_type));
+      if (recv_type->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+        cast = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(this, cast, recv_type->inline_klass());
+      }
+      (*casted_receiver) = cast;
     }
   }
 
@@ -3151,7 +3476,20 @@ Node* GraphKit::maybe_cast_profiled_receiver(Node* not_null_obj,
   // to use the same ciMethod accessor to get the profile info...)
   // If we have a speculative type use it instead of profiling (which
   // may not help us)
-  ciKlass* exact_kls = spec_klass == nullptr ? profile_has_unique_klass() : spec_klass;
+  ciKlass* exact_kls = spec_klass;
+  if (exact_kls == nullptr) {
+    if (java_bc() == Bytecodes::_aastore) {
+      ciKlass* array_type = nullptr;
+      ciKlass* element_type = nullptr;
+      ProfilePtrKind element_ptr = ProfileMaybeNull;
+      bool flat_array = true;
+      bool null_free_array = true;
+      method()->array_access_profiled_type(bci(), array_type, element_type, element_ptr, flat_array, null_free_array);
+      exact_kls = element_type;
+    } else {
+      exact_kls = profile_has_unique_klass();
+    }
+  }
   if (exact_kls != nullptr) {// no cast failures here
     if (require_klass == nullptr ||
         C->static_subtype_check(require_klass, TypeKlassPtr::make(exact_kls, Type::trust_interfaces)) == Compile::SSC_always_true) {
@@ -3281,7 +3619,7 @@ Node* GraphKit::gen_instanceof(Node* obj, Node* superklass, bool safe_for_replac
   bool known_statically = false;
   if (improved_klass_ptr_type->singleton()) {
     const TypeKlassPtr* subk = _gvn.type(obj)->is_oopptr()->as_klass_type();
-    if (subk->is_loaded()) {
+    if (subk != nullptr && subk->is_loaded()) {
       int static_res = C->static_subtype_check(improved_klass_ptr_type, subk);
       known_statically = (static_res == Compile::SSC_always_true || static_res == Compile::SSC_always_false);
     }
@@ -3341,12 +3679,21 @@ Node* GraphKit::gen_instanceof(Node* obj, Node* superklass, bool safe_for_replac
 // If failure_control is supplied and not null, it is filled in with
 // the control edge for the cast failure.  Otherwise, an appropriate
 // uncommon trap or exception is thrown.
-Node* GraphKit::gen_checkcast(Node *obj, Node* superklass,
-                              Node* *failure_control) {
+// If 'new_cast_failure_map' is supplied and is not null, it is set to a newly cloned map
+// when the current map for the success path is updated with information only present
+// on the success path and not the cast failure path. The newly cloned map should then be
+// used to emit the uncommon trap in the caller.
+Node* GraphKit::gen_checkcast(Node* obj, Node* superklass, Node** failure_control, SafePointNode** new_cast_failure_map, bool null_free, bool maybe_larval) {
+  assert(new_cast_failure_map == nullptr || failure_control != nullptr,
+         "failure_control must be set when new_failure_map is used");
   kill_dead_locals();           // Benefit all the uncommon traps
   const TypeKlassPtr* klass_ptr_type = _gvn.type(superklass)->is_klassptr();
+  const Type* obj_type = _gvn.type(obj);
+
   const TypeKlassPtr* improved_klass_ptr_type = klass_ptr_type->try_improve();
-  const TypeOopPtr* toop = improved_klass_ptr_type->cast_to_exactness(false)->as_instance_type();
+  const TypeOopPtr* toop = improved_klass_ptr_type->as_subtype_instance_type();
+  bool safe_for_replace = (failure_control == nullptr);
+  assert(!null_free || toop->can_be_inline_type(), "must be an inline type pointer");
 
   // Fast cutout:  Check the case that the cast is vacuously true.
   // This detects the common cases where the test will short-circuit
@@ -3355,18 +3702,33 @@ Node* GraphKit::gen_checkcast(Node *obj, Node* superklass,
   // want a residual null check left around.  (Causes a slowdown,
   // for example, in some objArray manipulations, such as a[i]=a[j].)
   if (improved_klass_ptr_type->singleton()) {
-    const TypeOopPtr* objtp = _gvn.type(obj)->isa_oopptr();
-    if (objtp != nullptr) {
-      switch (C->static_subtype_check(improved_klass_ptr_type, objtp->as_klass_type())) {
+    const TypeKlassPtr* kptr = nullptr;
+    if (obj_type->isa_oop_ptr()) {
+      kptr = obj_type->is_oopptr()->as_klass_type();
+    } else if (obj->is_InlineType()) {
+      ciInlineKlass* vk = obj_type->inline_klass();
+      kptr = TypeInstKlassPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull, vk, Type::Offset(0));
+    }
+
+    if (kptr != nullptr) {
+      switch (C->static_subtype_check(improved_klass_ptr_type, kptr)) {
       case Compile::SSC_always_true:
         // If we know the type check always succeed then we don't use
         // the profiling data at this bytecode. Don't lose it, feed it
         // to the type system as a speculative type.
-        return record_profiled_receiver_for_speculation(obj);
+        obj = record_profiled_receiver_for_speculation(obj);
+        if (null_free) {
+          assert(safe_for_replace, "must be");
+          obj = null_check(obj);
+        }
+        return obj;
       case Compile::SSC_always_false:
+        if (null_free) {
+          assert(safe_for_replace, "must be");
+          obj = null_check(obj);
+        }
         // It needs a null check because a null will *pass* the cast check.
-        // A non-null value will always produce an exception.
-        if (!objtp->maybe_null()) {
+        if (obj_type->isa_oopptr() != nullptr && !obj_type->is_oopptr()->maybe_null()) {
           bool is_aastore = (java_bc() == Bytecodes::_aastore);
           Deoptimization::DeoptReason reason = is_aastore ?
             Deoptimization::Reason_array_check : Deoptimization::Reason_class_check;
@@ -3383,19 +3745,22 @@ Node* GraphKit::gen_checkcast(Node *obj, Node* superklass,
   }
 
   ciProfileData* data = nullptr;
-  bool safe_for_replace = false;
   if (failure_control == nullptr) {        // use MDO in regular case only
     assert(java_bc() == Bytecodes::_aastore ||
            java_bc() == Bytecodes::_checkcast,
            "interpreter profiles type checks only for these BCs");
-    data = method()->method_data()->bci_to_data(bci());
-    safe_for_replace = true;
+    if (method()->method_data()->is_mature()) {
+      data = method()->method_data()->bci_to_data(bci());
+    }
   }
 
   // Make the merge point
   enum { _obj_path = 1, _null_path, PATH_LIMIT };
   RegionNode* region = new RegionNode(PATH_LIMIT);
   Node*       phi    = new PhiNode(region, toop);
+  _gvn.set_type(region, Type::CONTROL);
+  _gvn.set_type(phi, toop);
+
   C->set_has_split_ifs(true); // Has chance for split-if optimization
 
   // Use null-cast information if it is available
@@ -3405,11 +3770,20 @@ Node* GraphKit::gen_checkcast(Node *obj, Node* superklass,
 
   // Null check; get casted pointer; set region slot 3
   Node* null_ctl = top();
-  Node* not_null_obj = null_check_oop(obj, &null_ctl, never_see_null, false /*safe_for_replace*/, speculative_not_null);
+  Node* not_null_obj = nullptr;
+  if (null_free) {
+    assert(safe_for_replace, "must be");
+    not_null_obj = null_check(obj);
+  } else {
+    not_null_obj = null_check_oop(obj, &null_ctl, never_see_null, false /*safe_for_replace*/, speculative_not_null);
+  }
 
   // If not_null_obj is dead, only null-path is taken
   if (stopped()) {              // Doing instance-of on a null?
     set_control(null_ctl);
+    if (toop->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+      return InlineTypeNode::make_null(_gvn, toop->inline_klass());
+    }
     return null();
   }
   region->init_req(_null_path, null_ctl);
@@ -3447,10 +3821,12 @@ Node* GraphKit::gen_checkcast(Node *obj, Node* superklass,
     // Generate the subtype check
     Node* improved_superklass = superklass;
     if (improved_klass_ptr_type != klass_ptr_type && improved_klass_ptr_type->singleton()) {
+      // Only improve the super class for constants which allows subsequent sub type checks to possibly be commoned up.
+      // The other non-constant cases cannot be improved with a cast node here since they could be folded to top.
+      // Additionally, the benefit would only be minor in non-constant cases.
       improved_superklass = makecon(improved_klass_ptr_type);
     }
     Node* not_subtype_ctrl = gen_subtype_check(not_null_obj, improved_superklass);
-
     // Plug in success path into the merge
     cast_obj = _gvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(control(), not_null_obj, toop));
     // Failure path ends in uncommon trap (or may be dead - failure impossible)
@@ -3475,15 +3851,208 @@ Node* GraphKit::gen_checkcast(Node *obj, Node* superklass,
   set_control( _gvn.transform(region) );
   record_for_igvn(region);
 
+  bool not_inline = !toop->can_be_inline_type();
+  bool not_flat_in_array = !UseArrayFlattening || not_inline || (toop->is_inlinetypeptr() && !toop->inline_klass()->maybe_flat_in_array());
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled() && (not_inline || not_flat_in_array)) {
+    // Check if obj has been loaded from an array. Keep obj unchanged for final
+    // map replacement below.
+    Node* array_obj = obj->isa_DecodeN() ? obj->in(1) : obj;
+    Node* array = nullptr;
+    if (array_obj->isa_Load()) {
+      Node* address = array_obj->in(MemNode::Address);
+      if (address->isa_AddP()) {
+        array = address->as_AddP()->in(AddPNode::Base);
+      }
+    } else if (array_obj->is_Phi()) {
+      Node* region = array_obj->in(0);
+      // TODO make this more robust (see JDK-8231346)
+      if (region->req() == 3 && region->in(2) != nullptr && region->in(2)->in(0) != nullptr) {
+        IfNode* iff = region->in(2)->in(0)->isa_If();
+        if (iff != nullptr) {
+          iff->is_flat_array_check(&_gvn, &array);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    if (array != nullptr) {
+      const TypeAryPtr* ary_t = _gvn.type(array)->isa_aryptr();
+      if (ary_t != nullptr) {
+        if (!ary_t->is_not_null_free() && !ary_t->is_null_free() && not_inline) {
+          // Casting array element to a non-inline-type, mark array as not null-free.
+          Node* cast = _gvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(control(), array, ary_t->cast_to_not_null_free()));
+          if (new_cast_failure_map != nullptr) {
+            // We want to propagate the improved cast node in the current map. Clone it such that we can still properly
+            // create the cast failure path in the caller without wrongly making the cast node live there.
+            *new_cast_failure_map = clone_map();
+          }
+          replace_in_map(array, cast);
+          array = cast;
+        }
+        if (!ary_t->is_not_flat() && !ary_t->is_flat() && not_flat_in_array) {
+          // Casting array element to a non-flat-in-array type, mark array as not flat.
+          Node* cast = _gvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(control(), array, ary_t->cast_to_not_flat()));
+          if (new_cast_failure_map != nullptr && *new_cast_failure_map == nullptr) {
+            // Same as above.
+            *new_cast_failure_map = clone_map();
+          }
+          replace_in_map(array, cast);
+          array = cast;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   // A merge of null or Casted-NotNull obj
   Node* res = _gvn.transform(phi);
-  res = record_profiled_receiver_for_speculation(res);
-  if (safe_for_replace) {
-    replace_in_map(obj, res);
+  if (!stopped() && !res->is_InlineType()) {
+    res = record_profiled_receiver_for_speculation(res);
+    if (toop->is_inlinetypeptr() && !maybe_larval) {
+      Node* vt = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(this, res, toop->inline_klass());
+      res = vt;
+      if (safe_for_replace) {
+        replace_in_map(obj, vt);
+        replace_in_map(not_null_obj, vt);
+        replace_in_map(res, vt);
+      }
+    } else if (safe_for_replace) {
+      replace_in_map(obj, res);
+    }
   }
   return res;
 }
 
+Node* GraphKit::mark_word_test(Node* obj, uintptr_t mask_val, bool eq, bool check_lock) {
+  // Load markword
+  Node* mark_adr = basic_plus_adr(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes());
+  Node* mark = make_load(nullptr, mark_adr, TypeX_X, TypeX_X->basic_type(), MemNode::unordered);
+  if (check_lock && !UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+    // COH: Locking does not override the markword with a tagged pointer. We can directly read from the markword.
+    // Check if obj is locked
+    Node* locked_bit = MakeConX(markWord::unlocked_value);
+    locked_bit = _gvn.transform(new AndXNode(locked_bit, mark));
+    Node* cmp = _gvn.transform(new CmpXNode(locked_bit, MakeConX(0)));
+    Node* is_unlocked = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(cmp, BoolTest::ne));
+    IfNode* iff = new IfNode(control(), is_unlocked, PROB_MAX, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
+    _gvn.transform(iff);
+    Node* locked_region = new RegionNode(3);
+    Node* mark_phi = new PhiNode(locked_region, TypeX_X);
+
+    // Unlocked: Use bits from mark word
+    locked_region->init_req(1, _gvn.transform(new IfTrueNode(iff)));
+    mark_phi->init_req(1, mark);
+
+    // Locked: Load prototype header from klass
+    set_control(_gvn.transform(new IfFalseNode(iff)));
+    // Make loads control dependent to make sure they are only executed if array is locked
+    Node* klass_adr = basic_plus_adr(obj, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes());
+    Node* klass = _gvn.transform(LoadKlassNode::make(_gvn, C->immutable_memory(), klass_adr, TypeInstPtr::KLASS, TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT));
+    Node* proto_adr = basic_plus_adr(top(), klass, in_bytes(Klass::prototype_header_offset()));
+    Node* proto = _gvn.transform(LoadNode::make(_gvn, control(), C->immutable_memory(), proto_adr, proto_adr->bottom_type()->is_ptr(), TypeX_X, TypeX_X->basic_type(), MemNode::unordered));
+
+    locked_region->init_req(2, control());
+    mark_phi->init_req(2, proto);
+    set_control(_gvn.transform(locked_region));
+    record_for_igvn(locked_region);
+
+    mark = mark_phi;
+  }
+
+  // Now check if mark word bits are set
+  Node* mask = MakeConX(mask_val);
+  Node* masked = _gvn.transform(new AndXNode(_gvn.transform(mark), mask));
+  record_for_igvn(masked); // Give it a chance to be optimized out by IGVN
+  Node* cmp = _gvn.transform(new CmpXNode(masked, mask));
+  return _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(cmp, eq ? BoolTest::eq : BoolTest::ne));
+}
+
+Node* GraphKit::inline_type_test(Node* obj, bool is_inline) {
+  return mark_word_test(obj, markWord::inline_type_pattern, is_inline, /* check_lock = */ false);
+}
+
+Node* GraphKit::flat_array_test(Node* array_or_klass, bool flat) {
+  // We can't use immutable memory here because the mark word is mutable.
+  // PhaseIdealLoop::move_flat_array_check_out_of_loop will make sure the
+  // check is moved out of loops (mainly to enable loop unswitching).
+  Node* cmp = _gvn.transform(new FlatArrayCheckNode(C, memory(Compile::AliasIdxRaw), array_or_klass));
+  record_for_igvn(cmp); // Give it a chance to be optimized out by IGVN
+  return _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(cmp, flat ? BoolTest::eq : BoolTest::ne));
+}
+
+Node* GraphKit::null_free_array_test(Node* array, bool null_free) {
+  return mark_word_test(array, markWord::null_free_array_bit_in_place, null_free);
+}
+
+Node* GraphKit::null_free_atomic_array_test(Node* array, ciInlineKlass* vk) {
+  assert(vk->has_null_free_atomic_layout() || vk->has_null_free_non_atomic_layout(), "Can't be null-free and flat");
+
+  // TODO 8350865 Add a stress flag to always access atomic if layout exists?
+  if (!vk->has_null_free_non_atomic_layout()) {
+    return intcon(1); // Always atomic
+  } else if (!vk->has_null_free_atomic_layout()) {
+    return intcon(0); // Never atomic
+  }
+
+  Node* array_klass = load_object_klass(array);
+  int layout_kind_offset = in_bytes(FlatArrayKlass::layout_kind_offset());
+  Node* layout_kind_addr = basic_plus_adr(top(), array_klass, layout_kind_offset);
+  Node* layout_kind = make_load(nullptr, layout_kind_addr, TypeInt::INT, T_INT, MemNode::unordered);
+  Node* cmp = _gvn.transform(new CmpINode(layout_kind, intcon((int)LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT)));
+  return _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(cmp, BoolTest::eq));
+}
+
+Node* GraphKit::atomic_layout_array_test_and_get_layout_kind(Node* array, RegionNode* atomic_region) {
+  Node* array_klass = load_object_klass(array);
+  int layout_kind_offset = in_bytes(FlatArrayKlass::layout_kind_offset());
+  Node* layout_kind_addr = basic_plus_adr(top(), array_klass, layout_kind_offset);
+  Node* layout_kind = make_load(nullptr, layout_kind_addr, TypeInt::INT, T_INT, MemNode::unordered);
+  Node* cmp_null_free = _gvn.transform(new CmpINode(layout_kind, intcon(static_cast<jint>(LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT))));
+  Node* bol_null_free = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(cmp_null_free, BoolTest::eq));
+  Node* cmp_nullable = _gvn.transform(new CmpINode(layout_kind, intcon(static_cast<jint>(LayoutKind::NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT))));
+  Node* bol_nullable = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(cmp_nullable, BoolTest::eq));
+
+  IfNode* iff_null_free = create_and_xform_if(control(), bol_null_free, PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
+  atomic_region->add_req(_gvn.transform(new IfTrueNode(iff_null_free)));
+  set_control(_gvn.transform(new IfFalseNode(iff_null_free)));
+
+  IfNode* iff_nullable = create_and_xform_if(control(), bol_nullable, PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
+  atomic_region->add_req(_gvn.transform(new IfTrueNode(iff_nullable)));
+  set_control(_gvn.transform(new IfFalseNode(iff_nullable)));
+
+  return layout_kind;
+}
+
+// Deoptimize if 'ary' is a null-free inline type array and 'val' is null
+Node* GraphKit::inline_array_null_guard(Node* ary, Node* val, int nargs, bool safe_for_replace) {
+  RegionNode* region = new RegionNode(3);
+  Node* null_ctl = top();
+  null_check_oop(val, &null_ctl);
+  if (null_ctl != top()) {
+    PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
+    set_control(null_ctl);
+    {
+      // Deoptimize if null-free array
+      BuildCutout unless(this, null_free_array_test(ary, /* null_free = */ false), PROB_MAX);
+      inc_sp(nargs);
+      uncommon_trap(Deoptimization::Reason_null_check,
+                    Deoptimization::Action_none);
+    }
+    region->init_req(1, control());
+  }
+  region->init_req(2, control());
+  set_control(_gvn.transform(region));
+  record_for_igvn(region);
+  if (_gvn.type(val) == TypePtr::NULL_PTR) {
+    // Since we were just successfully storing null, the array can't be null free.
+    const TypeAryPtr* ary_t = _gvn.type(ary)->is_aryptr();
+    ary_t = ary_t->cast_to_not_null_free();
+    Node* cast = _gvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(control(), ary, ary_t));
+    if (safe_for_replace) {
+      replace_in_map(ary, cast);
+    }
+    ary = cast;
+  }
+  return ary;
+}
+
 //------------------------------next_monitor-----------------------------------
 // What number should be given to the next monitor?
 int GraphKit::next_monitor() {
@@ -3624,6 +4193,7 @@ void GraphKit::shared_unlock(Node* box, Node* obj) {
     map()->pop_monitor();        // Kill monitor from debug info
     return;
   }
+  assert(!obj->is_InlineType(), "should not unlock on inline type");
 
   // Memory barrier to avoid floating things down past the locked region
   insert_mem_bar(Op_MemBarReleaseLock);
@@ -3664,10 +4234,19 @@ Node* GraphKit::get_layout_helper(Node* klass_node, jint& constant_value) {
   const TypeKlassPtr* klass_t = _gvn.type(klass_node)->isa_klassptr();
   if (!StressReflectiveCode && klass_t != nullptr) {
     bool xklass = klass_t->klass_is_exact();
-    if (xklass || (klass_t->isa_aryklassptr() && klass_t->is_aryklassptr()->elem() != Type::BOTTOM)) {
+    bool can_be_flat = false;
+    const TypeAryPtr* ary_type = klass_t->as_exact_instance_type()->isa_aryptr();
+    if (UseArrayFlattening && !xklass && ary_type != nullptr) {
+      // Don't constant fold if the runtime type might be a flat array but the static type is not.
+      const TypeOopPtr* elem = ary_type->elem()->make_oopptr();
+      can_be_flat = ary_type->can_be_inline_array() && (!elem->is_inlinetypeptr() || elem->inline_klass()->maybe_flat_in_array());
+    }
+    if (!can_be_flat && (xklass || (klass_t->isa_aryklassptr() && klass_t->is_aryklassptr()->elem() != Type::BOTTOM))) {
       jint lhelper;
-      if (klass_t->isa_aryklassptr()) {
-        BasicType elem = klass_t->as_instance_type()->isa_aryptr()->elem()->array_element_basic_type();
+      if (klass_t->is_flat()) {
+        lhelper = ary_type->flat_layout_helper();
+      } else if (klass_t->isa_aryklassptr()) {
+        BasicType elem = ary_type->elem()->array_element_basic_type();
         if (is_reference_type(elem, true)) {
           elem = T_OBJECT;
         }
@@ -3696,7 +4275,9 @@ static void hook_memory_on_init(GraphKit& kit, int alias_idx,
 
   Node* prevmem = kit.memory(alias_idx);
   init_in_merge->set_memory_at(alias_idx, prevmem);
-  kit.set_memory(init_out_raw, alias_idx);
+  if (init_out_raw != nullptr) {
+    kit.set_memory(init_out_raw, alias_idx);
+  }
 }
 
 //---------------------------set_output_for_allocation-------------------------
@@ -3735,6 +4316,7 @@ Node* GraphKit::set_output_for_allocation(AllocateNode* alloc,
     MergeMemNode* minit_in = MergeMemNode::make(malloc);
     init->set_req(InitializeNode::Memory, minit_in);
     record_for_igvn(minit_in); // fold it up later, if possible
+    _gvn.set_type(minit_in, Type::MEMORY);
     Node* minit_out = memory(rawidx);
     assert(minit_out->is_Proj() && minit_out->in(0) == init, "");
     int mark_idx = C->get_alias_index(oop_type->add_offset(oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
@@ -3745,9 +4327,18 @@ Node* GraphKit::set_output_for_allocation(AllocateNode* alloc,
     int klass_idx = C->get_alias_index(oop_type->add_offset(oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()));
     set_memory(_gvn.transform(new NarrowMemProjNode(init, C->get_adr_type(klass_idx))), klass_idx);
     if (oop_type->isa_aryptr()) {
+      // Initially all flat array accesses share a single slice
+      // but that changes after parsing. Prepare the memory graph so
+      // it can optimize flat array accesses properly once they
+      // don't share a single slice.
+      assert(C->flat_accesses_share_alias(), "should be set at parse time");
       const TypePtr* telemref = oop_type->add_offset(Type::OffsetBot);
       int            elemidx  = C->get_alias_index(telemref);
-      hook_memory_on_init(*this, elemidx, minit_in, _gvn.transform(new NarrowMemProjNode(init, C->get_adr_type(elemidx))));
+      const TypePtr* alias_adr_type = C->get_adr_type(elemidx);
+      if (alias_adr_type->is_flat()) {
+        C->set_flat_accesses();
+      }
+      hook_memory_on_init(*this, elemidx, minit_in, _gvn.transform(new NarrowMemProjNode(init, alias_adr_type)));
     } else if (oop_type->isa_instptr()) {
       ciInstanceKlass* ik = oop_type->is_instptr()->instance_klass();
       for (int i = 0, len = ik->nof_nonstatic_fields(); i < len; i++) {
@@ -3799,14 +4390,15 @@ Node* GraphKit::set_output_for_allocation(AllocateNode* alloc,
 Node* GraphKit::new_instance(Node* klass_node,
                              Node* extra_slow_test,
                              Node* *return_size_val,
-                             bool deoptimize_on_exception) {
+                             bool deoptimize_on_exception,
+                             InlineTypeNode* inline_type_node) {
   // Compute size in doublewords
   // The size is always an integral number of doublewords, represented
   // as a positive bytewise size stored in the klass's layout_helper.
   // The layout_helper also encodes (in a low bit) the need for a slow path.
   jint  layout_con = Klass::_lh_neutral_value;
   Node* layout_val = get_layout_helper(klass_node, layout_con);
-  int   layout_is_con = (layout_val == nullptr);
+  bool  layout_is_con = (layout_val == nullptr);
 
   if (extra_slow_test == nullptr)  extra_slow_test = intcon(0);
   // Generate the initial go-slow test.  It's either ALWAYS (return a
@@ -3852,25 +4444,25 @@ Node* GraphKit::new_instance(Node* klass_node,
   // It's what we cast the result to.
   const TypeKlassPtr* tklass = _gvn.type(klass_node)->isa_klassptr();
   if (!tklass)  tklass = TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT;
-  const TypeOopPtr* oop_type = tklass->as_instance_type();
+  const TypeOopPtr* oop_type = tklass->as_exact_instance_type();
 
   // Now generate allocation code
 
   // The entire memory state is needed for slow path of the allocation
-  // since GC and deoptimization can happened.
+  // since GC and deoptimization can happen.
   Node *mem = reset_memory();
   set_all_memory(mem); // Create new memory state
 
   AllocateNode* alloc = new AllocateNode(C, AllocateNode::alloc_type(Type::TOP),
                                          control(), mem, i_o(),
                                          size, klass_node,
-                                         initial_slow_test);
+                                         initial_slow_test, inline_type_node);
 
   return set_output_for_allocation(alloc, oop_type, deoptimize_on_exception);
 }
 
 //-------------------------------new_array-------------------------------------
-// helper for both newarray and anewarray
+// helper for newarray and anewarray
 // The 'length' parameter is (obviously) the length of the array.
 // The optional arguments are for specialized use by intrinsics:
 //  - If 'return_size_val', report the non-padded array size (sum of header size
@@ -3880,10 +4472,11 @@ Node* GraphKit::new_array(Node* klass_node,     // array klass (maybe variable)
                           Node* length,         // number of array elements
                           int   nargs,          // number of arguments to push back for uncommon trap
                           Node* *return_size_val,
-                          bool deoptimize_on_exception) {
+                          bool deoptimize_on_exception,
+                          Node* init_val) {
   jint  layout_con = Klass::_lh_neutral_value;
   Node* layout_val = get_layout_helper(klass_node, layout_con);
-  int   layout_is_con = (layout_val == nullptr);
+  bool  layout_is_con = (layout_val == nullptr);
 
   if (!layout_is_con && !StressReflectiveCode &&
       !too_many_traps(Deoptimization::Reason_class_check)) {
@@ -3913,9 +4506,7 @@ Node* GraphKit::new_array(Node* klass_node,     // array klass (maybe variable)
     assert(!StressReflectiveCode, "stress mode does not use these paths");
     // Increase the size limit if we have exact knowledge of array type.
     int log2_esize = Klass::layout_helper_log2_element_size(layout_con);
-    assert(fast_size_limit == 0 || count_leading_zeros(fast_size_limit) > static_cast<unsigned>(LogBytesPerLong - log2_esize),
-           "fast_size_limit (%d) overflow when shifted left by %d", fast_size_limit, LogBytesPerLong - log2_esize);
-    fast_size_limit <<= (LogBytesPerLong - log2_esize);
+    fast_size_limit <<= MAX2(LogBytesPerLong - log2_esize, 0);
   }
 
   Node* initial_slow_cmp  = _gvn.transform( new CmpUNode( length, intcon( fast_size_limit ) ) );
@@ -3932,9 +4523,10 @@ Node* GraphKit::new_array(Node* klass_node,     // array klass (maybe variable)
   if (layout_is_con) {
     int       hsize  = Klass::layout_helper_header_size(layout_con);
     int       eshift = Klass::layout_helper_log2_element_size(layout_con);
+    bool is_flat_array = Klass::layout_helper_is_flatArray(layout_con);
     if ((round_mask & ~right_n_bits(eshift)) == 0)
       round_mask = 0;  // strength-reduce it if it goes away completely
-    assert((hsize & right_n_bits(eshift)) == 0, "hsize is pre-rounded");
+    assert(is_flat_array || (hsize & right_n_bits(eshift)) == 0, "hsize is pre-rounded");
     int header_size_min = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_BYTE);
     assert(header_size_min <= hsize, "generic minimum is smallest");
     header_size = intcon(hsize);
@@ -4023,7 +4615,7 @@ Node* GraphKit::new_array(Node* klass_node,     // array klass (maybe variable)
   // Now generate allocation code
 
   // The entire memory state is needed for slow path of the allocation
-  // since GC and deoptimization can happened.
+  // since GC and deoptimization can happen.
   Node *mem = reset_memory();
   set_all_memory(mem); // Create new memory state
 
@@ -4032,7 +4624,27 @@ Node* GraphKit::new_array(Node* klass_node,     // array klass (maybe variable)
     initial_slow_test = initial_slow_test->as_Bool()->as_int_value(&_gvn);
   }
 
-  const TypeOopPtr* ary_type = _gvn.type(klass_node)->is_klassptr()->as_instance_type();
+  const TypeKlassPtr* ary_klass = _gvn.type(klass_node)->isa_klassptr();
+  const TypeOopPtr* ary_type = ary_klass->as_exact_instance_type();
+
+  Node* raw_init_value = nullptr;
+  if (init_val != nullptr) {
+    // TODO 8350865 Fast non-zero init not implemented yet for flat, null-free arrays
+    if (ary_type->is_flat()) {
+      initial_slow_test = intcon(1);
+    }
+
+    if (UseCompressedOops) {
+      // With compressed oops, the 64-bit init value is built from two 32-bit compressed oops
+      init_val = _gvn.transform(new EncodePNode(init_val, init_val->bottom_type()->make_narrowoop()));
+      Node* lower = _gvn.transform(new CastP2XNode(control(), init_val));
+      Node* upper = _gvn.transform(new LShiftLNode(lower, intcon(32)));
+      raw_init_value = _gvn.transform(new OrLNode(lower, upper));
+    } else {
+      raw_init_value = _gvn.transform(new CastP2XNode(control(), init_val));
+    }
+  }
+
   Node* valid_length_test = _gvn.intcon(1);
   if (ary_type->isa_aryptr()) {
     BasicType bt = ary_type->isa_aryptr()->elem()->array_element_basic_type();
@@ -4047,8 +4659,8 @@ Node* GraphKit::new_array(Node* klass_node,     // array klass (maybe variable)
                             control(), mem, i_o(),
                             size, klass_node,
                             initial_slow_test,
-                            length, valid_length_test);
-
+                            length, valid_length_test,
+                            init_val, raw_init_value);
   // Cast to correct type.  Note that the klass_node may be constant or not,
   // and in the latter case the actual array type will be inexact also.
   // (This happens via a non-constant argument to inline_native_newArray.)
@@ -4183,6 +4795,7 @@ void GraphKit::add_parse_predicates(int nargs) {
 }
 
 void GraphKit::sync_kit(IdealKit& ideal) {
+  reset_memory();
   set_all_memory(ideal.merged_memory());
   set_i_o(ideal.i_o());
   set_control(ideal.ctrl());
@@ -4203,11 +4816,11 @@ Node* GraphKit::load_String_length(Node* str, bool set_ctrl) {
 Node* GraphKit::load_String_value(Node* str, bool set_ctrl) {
   int value_offset = java_lang_String::value_offset();
   const TypeInstPtr* string_type = TypeInstPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull, C->env()->String_klass(),
-                                                     false, nullptr, 0);
+                                                     false, nullptr, Type::Offset(0));
   const TypePtr* value_field_type = string_type->add_offset(value_offset);
   const TypeAryPtr* value_type = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR,
-                                                  TypeAry::make(TypeInt::BYTE, TypeInt::POS),
-                                                  ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_BYTE), true, 0);
+                                                  TypeAry::make(TypeInt::BYTE, TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, true, true),
+                                                  ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_BYTE), true, Type::Offset(0));
   Node* p = basic_plus_adr(str, str, value_offset);
   Node* load = access_load_at(str, p, value_field_type, value_type, T_OBJECT,
                               IN_HEAP | (set_ctrl ? C2_CONTROL_DEPENDENT_LOAD : 0) | MO_UNORDERED);
@@ -4220,7 +4833,7 @@ Node* GraphKit::load_String_coder(Node* str, bool set_ctrl) {
   }
   int coder_offset = java_lang_String::coder_offset();
   const TypeInstPtr* string_type = TypeInstPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull, C->env()->String_klass(),
-                                                     false, nullptr, 0);
+                                                     false, nullptr, Type::Offset(0));
   const TypePtr* coder_field_type = string_type->add_offset(coder_offset);
 
   Node* p = basic_plus_adr(str, str, coder_offset);
@@ -4232,7 +4845,7 @@ Node* GraphKit::load_String_coder(Node* str, bool set_ctrl) {
 void GraphKit::store_String_value(Node* str, Node* value) {
   int value_offset = java_lang_String::value_offset();
   const TypeInstPtr* string_type = TypeInstPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull, C->env()->String_klass(),
-                                                     false, nullptr, 0);
+                                                     false, nullptr, Type::Offset(0));
   const TypePtr* value_field_type = string_type->add_offset(value_offset);
 
   access_store_at(str,  basic_plus_adr(str, value_offset), value_field_type,
@@ -4242,7 +4855,7 @@ void GraphKit::store_String_value(Node* str, Node* value) {
 void GraphKit::store_String_coder(Node* str, Node* value) {
   int coder_offset = java_lang_String::coder_offset();
   const TypeInstPtr* string_type = TypeInstPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull, C->env()->String_klass(),
-                                                     false, nullptr, 0);
+                                                     false, nullptr, Type::Offset(0));
   const TypePtr* coder_field_type = string_type->add_offset(coder_offset);
 
   access_store_at(str, basic_plus_adr(str, coder_offset), coder_field_type,
@@ -4385,18 +4998,27 @@ Node* GraphKit::make_constant_from_field(ciField* field, Node* obj) {
   const Type* con_type = Type::make_constant_from_field(field, holder, field->layout_type(),
                                                         /*is_unsigned_load=*/false);
   if (con_type != nullptr) {
-    return makecon(con_type);
+    Node* con = makecon(con_type);
+    if (field->type()->is_inlinetype()) {
+      con = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(this, con, field->type()->as_inline_klass());
+    } else if (con_type->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+      con = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(this, con, con_type->inline_klass());
+    }
+    return con;
   }
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-Node* GraphKit::maybe_narrow_object_type(Node* obj, ciKlass* type) {
-  const TypeOopPtr* obj_type = obj->bottom_type()->isa_oopptr();
+Node* GraphKit::maybe_narrow_object_type(Node* obj, ciKlass* type, bool maybe_larval) {
+  const Type* obj_type = obj->bottom_type();
   const TypeOopPtr* sig_type = TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass(type);
-  if (obj_type != nullptr && sig_type->is_loaded() && !obj_type->higher_equal(sig_type)) {
+  if (obj_type->isa_oopptr() && sig_type->is_loaded() && !obj_type->higher_equal(sig_type)) {
     const Type* narrow_obj_type = obj_type->filter_speculative(sig_type); // keep speculative part
     Node* casted_obj = gvn().transform(new CheckCastPPNode(control(), obj, narrow_obj_type));
-    return casted_obj;
+    obj = casted_obj;
+  }
+  if (!maybe_larval && sig_type->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+    obj = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(this, obj, sig_type->inline_klass());
   }
   return obj;
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp
index ef160ac6f1a..d0de320ab84 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "opto/cfgnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/compile.hpp"
 #include "opto/divnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/mulnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/phaseX.hpp"
 #include "opto/subnode.hpp"
@@ -66,6 +67,9 @@ class GraphKit : public Phase {
   int               _bci;       // JVM Bytecode Pointer
   ciMethod*         _method;    // JVM Current Method
   BarrierSetC2*     _barrier_set;
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  uint              _worklist_size;
+#endif
 
  private:
   int               _sp;        // JVM Expression Stack Pointer; don't modify directly!
@@ -78,7 +82,10 @@ class GraphKit : public Phase {
 
  public:
   GraphKit();                   // empty constructor
-  GraphKit(JVMState* jvms);     // the JVM state on which to operate
+  GraphKit(JVMState* jvms, PhaseGVN* gvn = nullptr);     // the JVM state on which to operate
+
+  // Create a GraphKit from a debug state, useful for various kinds of macro expansion
+  GraphKit(const SafePointNode* sft, PhaseIterGVN& igvn);
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
   ~GraphKit() {
@@ -94,7 +101,7 @@ class GraphKit : public Phase {
   PhaseGVN&     gvn()               const { return _gvn; }
   void*         barrier_set_state() const { return C->barrier_set_state(); }
 
-  void record_for_igvn(Node* n) const { C->record_for_igvn(n); }  // delegate to Compile
+  void record_for_igvn(Node* n) const { _gvn.record_for_igvn(n); }
   void remove_for_igvn(Node* n) const { C->remove_for_igvn(n); }
 
   // Handy well-known nodes:
@@ -379,12 +386,12 @@ class GraphKit : public Phase {
   Node* null_check_common(Node* value, BasicType type,
                           bool assert_null = false,
                           Node* *null_control = nullptr,
-                          bool speculative = false);
+                          bool speculative = false,
+                          bool null_marker_check = false);
   Node* null_check(Node* value, BasicType type = T_OBJECT) {
     return null_check_common(value, type, false, nullptr, !_gvn.type(value)->speculative_maybe_null());
   }
   Node* null_check_receiver() {
-    assert(argument(0)->bottom_type()->isa_ptr(), "must be");
     return null_check(argument(0));
   }
   Node* zero_check_int(Node* value) {
@@ -459,7 +466,7 @@ class GraphKit : public Phase {
   // Replace all occurrences of one node by another.
   void replace_in_map(Node* old, Node* neww);
 
-  Node* maybe_narrow_object_type(Node* obj, ciKlass* type);
+  Node* maybe_narrow_object_type(Node* obj, ciKlass* type, bool maybe_larval);
 
   void  push(Node* n)     { map_not_null();        _map->set_stack(_map->_jvms,   _sp++        , n); }
   Node* pop()             { map_not_null(); return _map->stack(    _map->_jvms, --_sp             ); }
@@ -586,14 +593,17 @@ class GraphKit : public Phase {
                         Node* val,
                         const Type* val_type,
                         BasicType bt,
-                        DecoratorSet decorators);
+                        DecoratorSet decorators,
+                        bool safe_for_replace = true,
+                        const InlineTypeNode* vt = nullptr);
 
   Node* access_load_at(Node* obj,   // containing obj
                        Node* adr,   // actual address to load val at
                        const TypePtr* adr_type,
                        const Type* val_type,
                        BasicType bt,
-                       DecoratorSet decorators);
+                       DecoratorSet decorators,
+                       Node* ctl = nullptr);
 
   Node* access_load(Node* adr,   // actual address to load val at
                     const Type* val_type,
@@ -646,6 +656,8 @@ class GraphKit : public Phase {
                               const TypeInt* sizetype = nullptr,
                               // Optional control dependency (for example, on range check)
                               Node* ctrl = nullptr);
+  Node* cast_to_flat_array(Node* array, ciInlineKlass* elem_vk);
+  Node* cast_to_flat_array_exact(Node* array, ciInlineKlass* elem_vk, bool is_null_free, bool is_atomic);
 
   // Return a load of array element at idx.
   Node* load_array_element(Node* ary, Node* idx, const TypeAryPtr* arytype, bool set_ctrl);
@@ -685,7 +697,7 @@ class GraphKit : public Phase {
 
   // Fill in argument edges for the call from argument(0), argument(1), ...
   // (The next step is to call set_edges_for_java_call.)
-  void  set_arguments_for_java_call(CallJavaNode* call);
+  void set_arguments_for_java_call(CallJavaNode* call);
 
   // Fill in non-argument edges for the call.
   // Transform the call, and update the basics: control, i_o, memory.
@@ -819,8 +831,18 @@ class GraphKit : public Phase {
 
   // Generate a check-cast idiom.  Used by both the check-cast bytecode
   // and the array-store bytecode
-  Node* gen_checkcast( Node *subobj, Node* superkls,
-                       Node* *failure_control = nullptr );
+  Node* gen_checkcast(Node *subobj, Node* superkls, Node** failure_control = nullptr,
+                      SafePointNode** new_cast_failure_map = nullptr, bool null_free = false,
+                      bool maybe_larval = false);
+
+  // Inline types
+  Node* mark_word_test(Node* obj, uintptr_t mask_val, bool eq, bool check_lock = true);
+  Node* inline_type_test(Node* obj, bool is_inline = true);
+  Node* flat_array_test(Node* array_or_klass, bool flat = true);
+  Node* null_free_array_test(Node* array, bool null_free = true);
+  Node* null_free_atomic_array_test(Node* array, ciInlineKlass* vk);
+  Node* atomic_layout_array_test_and_get_layout_kind(Node* array, RegionNode* atomic_region);
+  Node* inline_array_null_guard(Node* ary, Node* val, int nargs, bool safe_for_replace = false);
 
   Node* gen_subtype_check(Node* obj, Node* superklass);
 
@@ -829,6 +851,7 @@ class GraphKit : public Phase {
   // (Caller is responsible for doing replace_in_map.)
   Node* type_check_receiver(Node* receiver, ciKlass* klass, float prob,
                             Node* *casted_receiver);
+  Node* type_check(Node* recv_klass, const TypeKlassPtr* tklass, float prob);
 
   // Inexact type check used for predicted calls.
   Node* subtype_check_receiver(Node* receiver, ciKlass* klass,
@@ -842,10 +865,12 @@ class GraphKit : public Phase {
   Node* new_instance(Node* klass_node,
                      Node* slow_test = nullptr,
                      Node* *return_size_val = nullptr,
-                     bool deoptimize_on_exception = false);
+                     bool deoptimize_on_exception = false,
+                     InlineTypeNode* inline_type_node = nullptr);
   Node* new_array(Node* klass_node, Node* count_val, int nargs,
                   Node* *return_size_val = nullptr,
-                  bool deoptimize_on_exception = false);
+                  bool deoptimize_on_exception = false,
+                  Node* init_val = nullptr);
 
   // java.lang.String helpers
   Node* load_String_length(Node* str, bool set_ctrl);
@@ -880,6 +905,7 @@ class GraphKit : public Phase {
   void add_parse_predicate(Deoptimization::DeoptReason reason, int nargs);
 
   Node* make_constant_from_field(ciField* field, Node* obj);
+  Node* load_mirror_from_klass(Node* klass);
 
   // Vector API support (implemented in vectorIntrinsics.cpp)
   Node* box_vector(Node* in, const TypeInstPtr* vbox_type, BasicType elem_bt, int num_elem, bool deoptimize_on_exception = false);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/idealKit.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/idealKit.cpp
index fbb61bfdf72..7d45fb770ef 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/idealKit.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/idealKit.cpp
@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@ IdealKit::IdealKit(GraphKit* gkit, bool delay_all_transforms, bool has_declarati
   _cvstate = nullptr;
   // We can go memory state free or else we need the entire memory state
   assert(_initial_memory == nullptr || _initial_memory->Opcode() == Op_MergeMem, "memory must be pre-split");
-  assert(!_gvn.is_IterGVN(), "IdealKit can't be used during Optimize phase");
   int init_size = 5;
   _pending_cvstates = new (C->node_arena()) GrowableArray<Node*>(C->node_arena(), init_size, 0, nullptr);
   DEBUG_ONLY(_state = new (C->node_arena()) GrowableArray<int>(C->node_arena(), init_size, 0, 0));
@@ -79,10 +78,13 @@ void IdealKit::if_then(Node* left, BoolTest::mask relop,
       assert(left->bottom_type()->isa_long() != nullptr, "what else?");
       bol = Bool(CmpL(left, right), relop);
     }
-
   } else {
     bol = Bool(CmpP(left, right), relop);
   }
+  if_then(bol, prob, cnt, push_new_state);
+}
+
+void IdealKit::if_then(Node* bol, float prob, float cnt, bool push_new_state) {
   // Delay gvn.transform on if-nodes until construction is finished
   // to prevent a constant bool input from discarding a control output.
   IfNode* iff = delay_transform(new IfNode(ctrl(), bol, prob, cnt))->as_If();
@@ -293,7 +295,7 @@ Node* IdealKit::transform(Node* n) {
     return delay_transform(n);
   } else {
     n = gvn().transform(n);
-    C->record_for_igvn(n);
+    gvn().record_for_igvn(n);
     return n;
   }
 }
@@ -302,14 +304,16 @@ Node* IdealKit::transform(Node* n) {
 Node* IdealKit::delay_transform(Node* n) {
   // Delay transform until IterativeGVN
   gvn().set_type(n, n->bottom_type());
-  C->record_for_igvn(n);
+  gvn().record_for_igvn(n);
   return n;
 }
 
 //-----------------------------new_cvstate-----------------------------------
 Node* IdealKit::new_cvstate() {
   uint sz = _var_ct + first_var;
-  return new Node(sz);
+  Node* state = new Node(sz);
+  C->record_for_igvn(state);
+  return state;
 }
 
 //-----------------------------copy_cvstate-----------------------------------
@@ -513,8 +517,8 @@ Node* IdealKit::make_leaf_call(const TypeFunc *slow_call_type,
   assert(C->alias_type(call->adr_type()) == C->alias_type(adr_type),
          "call node must be constructed correctly");
   Node* res = nullptr;
-  if (slow_call_type->range()->cnt() > TypeFunc::Parms) {
-    assert(slow_call_type->range()->cnt() == TypeFunc::Parms+1, "only one return value");
+  if (slow_call_type->range_sig()->cnt() > TypeFunc::Parms) {
+    assert(slow_call_type->range_sig()->cnt() == TypeFunc::Parms+1, "only one return value");
     res = transform(new ProjNode(call, TypeFunc::Parms));
   }
   return res;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/idealKit.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/idealKit.hpp
index a2ac9e204ba..d051bae43f9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/idealKit.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/idealKit.hpp
@@ -163,6 +163,7 @@ class IdealKit: public StackObj {
   void if_then(Node* left, BoolTest::mask relop, Node* right,
                float prob = PROB_FAIR, float cnt = COUNT_UNKNOWN,
                bool push_new_state = true);
+  void if_then(Node* bol, float prob = PROB_FAIR, float cnt = COUNT_UNKNOWN, bool push_new_state = true);
   void else_();
   void end_if();
   void loop(GraphKit* gkit, int nargs, IdealVariable& iv, Node* init, BoolTest::mask cmp, Node* limit,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/ifnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/ifnode.cpp
index d4c91d66759..ca7d812c08a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/ifnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/ifnode.cpp
@@ -1614,6 +1614,23 @@ bool IfNode::is_null_check(IfProjNode* proj, PhaseIterGVN* igvn) const {
   return false;
 }
 
+// Returns true if this IfNode belongs to a flat array check
+// and returns the corresponding array in the 'array' parameter.
+bool IfNode::is_flat_array_check(PhaseTransform* phase, Node** array) {
+  Node* bol = in(1);
+  if (!bol->is_Bool()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  Node* cmp = bol->in(1);
+  if (cmp->isa_FlatArrayCheck()) {
+    if (array != nullptr) {
+      *array = cmp->in(FlatArrayCheckNode::ArrayOrKlass);
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
 // Check that the If that is in between the 2 integer comparisons has
 // no side effect
 bool IfNode::is_side_effect_free_test(IfProjNode* proj, PhaseIterGVN* igvn) const {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..216ccd1361a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,2303 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
+#include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
+#include "gc/shared/c2/barrierSetC2.hpp"
+#include "gc/shared/gc_globals.hpp"
+#include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
+#include "oops/accessDecorators.hpp"
+#include "opto/addnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/castnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/cfgnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/compile.hpp"
+#include "opto/convertnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/graphKit.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
+#include "opto/memnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/movenode.hpp"
+#include "opto/multnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/narrowptrnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/node.hpp"
+#include "opto/opaquenode.hpp"
+#include "opto/opcodes.hpp"
+#include "opto/phaseX.hpp"
+#include "opto/rootnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/subnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/type.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
+#include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
+#include "utilities/pair.hpp"
+#include "utilities/tuple.hpp"
+
+// Clones the inline type to handle control flow merges involving multiple inline types.
+// The inputs are replaced by PhiNodes to represent the merged values for the given region.
+// init_with_top: input of phis above the returned InlineTypeNode are initialized to top.
+InlineTypeNode* InlineTypeNode::clone_with_phis(PhaseGVN* gvn, Node* region, SafePointNode* map, bool is_non_null, bool init_with_top) {
+  InlineTypeNode* vt = clone_if_required(gvn, map);
+  const Type* t = Type::get_const_type(inline_klass());
+  gvn->set_type(vt, t);
+  vt->as_InlineType()->set_type(t);
+
+  Node* const top = gvn->C->top();
+
+  // Create a PhiNode for merging the oop values
+  PhiNode* oop = PhiNode::make(region, init_with_top ? top : vt->get_oop(), t);
+  gvn->set_type(oop, t);
+  gvn->record_for_igvn(oop);
+  vt->set_oop(*gvn, oop);
+
+  // Create a PhiNode for merging the is_buffered values
+  t = Type::get_const_basic_type(T_BOOLEAN);
+  Node* is_buffered_node = PhiNode::make(region, init_with_top ? top : vt->get_is_buffered(), t);
+  gvn->set_type(is_buffered_node, t);
+  gvn->record_for_igvn(is_buffered_node);
+  vt->set_req(IsBuffered, is_buffered_node);
+
+  // Create a PhiNode for merging the null_marker values
+  Node* null_marker_node;
+  if (is_non_null) {
+    null_marker_node = gvn->intcon(1);
+  } else {
+    t = Type::get_const_basic_type(T_BOOLEAN);
+    null_marker_node = PhiNode::make(region, init_with_top ? top : vt->get_null_marker(), t);
+    gvn->set_type(null_marker_node, t);
+    gvn->record_for_igvn(null_marker_node);
+  }
+  vt->set_req(NullMarker, null_marker_node);
+
+  // Create a PhiNode each for merging the field values
+  for (uint i = 0; i < vt->field_count(); ++i) {
+    ciField* field = vt->field(i);
+    ciType* type = field->type();
+    Node* value = vt->field_value(i);
+    if (field->is_flat()) {
+      // Handle flat fields recursively
+      value = value->as_InlineType()->clone_with_phis(gvn, region, map);
+    } else {
+      t = Type::get_const_type(type);
+      value = PhiNode::make(region, init_with_top ? top : value, t);
+      gvn->set_type(value, t);
+      gvn->record_for_igvn(value);
+    }
+    vt->set_field_value(i, value);
+  }
+  gvn->record_for_igvn(vt);
+  return vt;
+}
+
+// Checks if the inputs of the InlineTypeNode were replaced by PhiNodes
+// for the given region (see InlineTypeNode::clone_with_phis).
+bool InlineTypeNode::has_phi_inputs(Node* region) const {
+  // Check oop input
+  bool result = get_oop()->is_Phi() && get_oop()->as_Phi()->region() == region;
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  if (result) {
+    // Check all field value inputs for consistency
+    for (uint i = 0; i < field_count(); ++i) {
+      Node* n = field_value(i);
+      if (n->is_InlineType()) {
+        assert(n->as_InlineType()->has_phi_inputs(region), "inconsistent phi inputs");
+      } else {
+        assert(n->is_Phi() && n->as_Phi()->region() == region, "inconsistent phi inputs");
+      }
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+  return result;
+}
+
+// Merges 'this' with 'other' by updating the input PhiNodes added by 'clone_with_phis'
+InlineTypeNode* InlineTypeNode::merge_with(PhaseGVN* gvn, const InlineTypeNode* other, int phi_index, bool transform) {
+  assert(inline_klass() == other->inline_klass(), "Merging incompatible types");
+
+  // Merge oop inputs
+  PhiNode* phi = get_oop()->as_Phi();
+  phi->set_req(phi_index, other->get_oop());
+  if (transform) {
+    set_oop(*gvn, gvn->transform(phi));
+  }
+
+  // Merge is_buffered inputs
+  phi = get_is_buffered()->as_Phi();
+  phi->set_req(phi_index, other->get_is_buffered());
+  if (transform) {
+    set_req(IsBuffered, gvn->transform(phi));
+  }
+
+  // Merge null_marker inputs
+  Node* null_marker = get_null_marker();
+  if (null_marker->is_Phi()) {
+    phi = null_marker->as_Phi();
+    phi->set_req(phi_index, other->get_null_marker());
+    if (transform) {
+      set_req(NullMarker, gvn->transform(phi));
+    }
+  } else {
+    assert(null_marker->find_int_con(0) == 1, "only with a non null inline type");
+  }
+
+  // Merge field values
+  for (uint i = 0; i < field_count(); ++i) {
+    Node* val1 = field_value(i);
+    Node* val2 = other->field_value(i);
+    if (field(i)->is_flat()) {
+      if (val2->is_top()) {
+        // The path where 'other' is used is dying. Therefore, we do not need to process the merge with 'other' further.
+        // The phi inputs of 'this' at 'phi_index' will eventually be removed.
+        break;
+      } else if (val2->is_Phi()) {
+        val2 = gvn->transform(val2);
+      }
+
+      assert(val1->is_InlineType() && val2->is_InlineType(), "must be InlineTypeNode: %s - %s", val1->Name(), val2->Name());
+      val1->as_InlineType()->merge_with(gvn, val2->as_InlineType(), phi_index, transform);
+    } else {
+      assert(val1->is_Phi(), "must be a phi node %s", val1->Name());
+      val1->set_req(phi_index, val2);
+    }
+    if (transform) {
+      set_field_value(i, gvn->transform(val1));
+    }
+  }
+  return this;
+}
+
+// Adds a new merge path to an inline type node with phi inputs
+void InlineTypeNode::add_new_path(Node* region) const {
+  assert(has_phi_inputs(region), "must have phi inputs");
+
+  PhiNode* phi = get_oop()->as_Phi();
+  phi->add_req(nullptr);
+  assert(phi->req() == region->req(), "must be same size as region");
+
+  phi = get_is_buffered()->as_Phi();
+  phi->add_req(nullptr);
+  assert(phi->req() == region->req(), "must be same size as region");
+
+  phi = get_null_marker()->as_Phi();
+  phi->add_req(nullptr);
+  assert(phi->req() == region->req(), "must be same size as region");
+
+  for (uint i = 0; i < field_count(); ++i) {
+    Node* val = field_value(i);
+    if (val->is_InlineType()) {
+      val->as_InlineType()->add_new_path(region);
+    } else {
+      val->as_Phi()->add_req(nullptr);
+      assert(val->req() == region->req(), "must be same size as region");
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+Node* InlineTypeNode::field_value(uint index) const {
+  assert(index < field_count(), "index out of bounds");
+  return in(Values + index);
+}
+
+// Get the value of the field at the given offset.
+// If 'recursive' is true, flat inline type fields will be resolved recursively.
+Node* InlineTypeNode::field_value_by_offset(int offset, bool recursive) const {
+  // Find the declared field which contains the field we are looking for
+  int index = inline_klass()->field_index_by_offset(offset);
+  Node* value = field_value(index);
+  assert(value != nullptr, "field value not found");
+  ciField* field = this->field(index);
+  assert(!field->is_flat() || field->type()->is_inlinetype(), "must be an inline type");
+
+  if (value->is_top()) {
+    // The graph is dying but a load may still ask for a nested field
+    // inside a flattened field before the dead load itself is folded away.
+    assert(offset == field->offset_in_bytes() || field->is_flat(), "offset mismatch");
+    return value;
+  }
+  if (!recursive || !field->is_flat()) {
+    assert(offset == field->offset_in_bytes(), "offset mismatch");
+    return value;
+  }
+
+  // Flat inline type field
+  InlineTypeNode* vt = value->as_InlineType();
+  assert(field->is_flat(), "must be flat");
+  if (offset == field->null_marker_offset()) {
+    return vt->get_null_marker();
+  } else {
+    int sub_offset = offset - field->offset_in_bytes(); // Offset of the flattened field inside the declared field
+    sub_offset += vt->inline_klass()->payload_offset(); // Add header size
+    return vt->field_value_by_offset(sub_offset, recursive);
+  }
+}
+
+void InlineTypeNode::set_field_value(uint index, Node* value) {
+  assert(index < field_count(), "index out of bounds");
+  set_req(Values + index, value);
+}
+
+void InlineTypeNode::set_field_value_by_offset(int offset, Node* value) {
+  set_field_value(field_index(offset), value);
+}
+
+uint InlineTypeNode::field_index(int offset) const {
+  uint i = 0;
+  for (; i < field_count() && field(i)->offset_in_bytes() != offset; i++) { }
+  assert(i < field_count(), "field not found");
+  return i;
+}
+
+ciField* InlineTypeNode::field(uint index) const {
+  assert(index < field_count(), "index out of bounds");
+  return inline_klass()->declared_nonstatic_field_at(index);
+}
+
+uint InlineTypeNode::add_fields_to_safepoint(Unique_Node_List& worklist, SafePointNode* sfpt) const {
+  uint cnt = 0;
+  for (uint i = 0; i < field_count(); ++i) {
+    Node* value = field_value(i);
+    ciField* field = this->field(i);
+    assert(!field->is_flat() || field->type()->is_inlinetype(), "must be an inline type");
+    if (field->is_flat()) {
+      InlineTypeNode* vt = value->as_InlineType();
+      cnt += vt->add_fields_to_safepoint(worklist, sfpt);
+      if (!field->is_null_free()) {
+        // The null marker of a flat field is added right after we scalarize that field
+        sfpt->add_req(vt->get_null_marker());
+        cnt++;
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (value->is_InlineType()) {
+      // Add inline type to the worklist to process later
+      worklist.push(value);
+    }
+    sfpt->add_req(value);
+    cnt++;
+  }
+  return cnt;
+}
+
+void InlineTypeNode::make_scalar_in_safepoint(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Unique_Node_List& worklist, SafePointNode* sfpt) const {
+  JVMState* jvms = sfpt->jvms();
+  assert(jvms != nullptr, "missing JVMS");
+  uint first_ind = (sfpt->req() - jvms->scloff());
+
+  // Iterate over the inline type fields in order of increasing offset and add the
+  // field values to the safepoint. Nullable inline types have a null marker field that
+  // needs to be checked before using the field values.
+  sfpt->add_req(get_null_marker());
+  uint nfields = add_fields_to_safepoint(worklist, sfpt);
+  jvms->set_endoff(sfpt->req());
+  // Replace safepoint edge by SafePointScalarObjectNode
+  SafePointScalarObjectNode* sobj = new SafePointScalarObjectNode(type()->isa_instptr(),
+                                                                  nullptr,
+                                                                  first_ind,
+                                                                  sfpt->jvms()->depth(),
+                                                                  nfields);
+  sobj->init_req(0, igvn->C->root());
+  sobj = igvn->transform(sobj)->as_SafePointScalarObject();
+  igvn->rehash_node_delayed(sfpt);
+  for (uint i = jvms->debug_start(); i < jvms->debug_end(); i++) {
+    Node* debug = sfpt->in(i);
+    if (debug != nullptr && debug->uncast() == this) {
+      sfpt->set_req(i, sobj);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void InlineTypeNode::make_scalar_in_safepoints(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, bool allow_oop) {
+  make_scalar_in_safepoints(igvn, allow_oop, nullptr);
+}
+
+void InlineTypeNode::make_scalar_in_safepoints(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, bool allow_oop, SafePointNode* safepoint) {
+  // If the inline type has a constant or loaded oop, use the oop instead of scalarization
+  // in the safepoint to avoid keeping field loads live just for the debug info.
+  Node* oop = get_oop();
+  bool use_oop = false;
+  if (allow_oop && is_allocated(igvn) && oop->is_Phi()) {
+    Unique_Node_List worklist;
+    VectorSet visited;
+    visited.set(oop->_idx);
+    worklist.push(oop);
+    use_oop = true;
+    while (worklist.size() > 0 && use_oop) {
+      Node* n = worklist.pop();
+      for (uint i = 1; i < n->req(); i++) {
+        Node* in = n->in(i);
+        if (in->is_Phi() && !visited.test_set(in->_idx)) {
+          worklist.push(in);
+        } else if (!(in->is_Con() || in->is_Parm())) {
+          use_oop = false;
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    use_oop = allow_oop && is_allocated(igvn) &&
+              (oop->is_Con() || oop->is_Parm() || oop->is_Load() || (oop->isa_DecodeN() && oop->in(1)->is_Load()));
+  }
+
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  Unique_Node_List safepoints;
+  if (safepoint == nullptr) {
+    // Gathering all SafePoint users of `this`...
+    Unique_Node_List worklist;
+    worklist.push(this);
+    while (worklist.size() > 0) {
+      Node* n = worklist.pop();
+      for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = n->fast_outs(imax); i < imax; i++) {
+        Node* use = n->fast_out(i);
+        if (use->is_SafePoint() && !use->is_CallLeaf() && (!use->is_Call() || use->as_Call()->has_debug_use(n))) {
+          safepoints.push(use);
+        } else if (use->is_ConstraintCast()) {
+          worklist.push(use);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    // ...or just the provided one if given.
+    safepoints.push(safepoint);
+  }
+
+  Unique_Node_List vt_worklist;
+  // Process all safepoint uses and scalarize inline type
+  while (safepoints.size() > 0) {
+    SafePointNode* sfpt = safepoints.pop()->as_SafePoint();
+    if (use_oop) {
+      for (uint i = sfpt->jvms()->debug_start(); i < sfpt->jvms()->debug_end(); i++) {
+        Node* debug = sfpt->in(i);
+        if (debug != nullptr && debug->uncast() == this) {
+          sfpt->set_req(i, get_oop());
+        }
+      }
+      igvn->rehash_node_delayed(sfpt);
+    } else {
+      make_scalar_in_safepoint(igvn, vt_worklist, sfpt);
+    }
+  }
+  // Now scalarize non-flat fields
+  for (uint i = 0; i < vt_worklist.size(); ++i) {
+    InlineTypeNode* vt = vt_worklist.at(i)->isa_InlineType();
+    vt->make_scalar_in_safepoints(igvn);
+  }
+  if (outcnt() == 0) {
+    igvn->record_for_igvn(this);
+  }
+}
+
+void InlineTypeNode::load(GraphKit* kit, Node* base, Node* ptr, bool immutable_memory, bool trust_null_free_oop, DecoratorSet decorators) {
+  // Initialize the inline type by loading its field values from
+  // memory and adding the values as input edges to the node.
+  ciInlineKlass* vk = inline_klass();
+  for (uint i = 0; i < field_count(); ++i) {
+    ciField* field = this->field(i);
+    assert(!field->is_flat() || field->type()->is_inlinetype(), "must be an inline type");
+    int field_off = field->offset_in_bytes() - vk->payload_offset();
+    Node* field_ptr = kit->basic_plus_adr(base, ptr, field_off);
+    Node* value = nullptr;
+    ciType* ft = field->type();
+    bool field_null_free = field->is_null_free();
+    if (field->is_flat()) {
+      // Recursively load the flat inline type field
+      ciInlineKlass* fvk = ft->as_inline_klass();
+      bool atomic = field->is_atomic();
+      value = make_from_flat_impl(kit, fvk, base, field_ptr, atomic, immutable_memory,
+                                  field_null_free, trust_null_free_oop && field_null_free, decorators);
+    } else {
+      // Load field value from memory
+      BasicType bt = type2field[ft->basic_type()];
+      assert(is_java_primitive(bt) || field_ptr->bottom_type()->is_ptr_to_narrowoop() == UseCompressedOops, "inconsistent");
+      const Type* val_type = Type::get_const_type(ft);
+      if (trust_null_free_oop && field_null_free) {
+        val_type = val_type->join_speculative(TypePtr::NOTNULL);
+      }
+      const TypePtr* field_ptr_type = (decorators & C2_MISMATCHED) == 0 ? kit->gvn().type(field_ptr)->is_ptr() : TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM;
+      value = kit->access_load_at(base, field_ptr, field_ptr_type, val_type, bt, decorators);
+    }
+    set_field_value(i, value);
+  }
+}
+
+void InlineTypeNode::store_flat(GraphKit* kit, Node* base, Node* ptr, bool atomic, bool immutable_memory, bool null_free, DecoratorSet decorators) {
+  ciInlineKlass* vk = inline_klass();
+  bool do_atomic = atomic;
+  // With immutable memory, a non-atomic load and an atomic load are the same
+  if (immutable_memory) {
+    do_atomic = false;
+  }
+  // If there is only one flattened field, a non-atomic load and an atomic load are the same
+  if (vk->is_naturally_atomic(null_free)) {
+    do_atomic = false;
+  }
+
+  if (!do_atomic) {
+    if (!null_free) {
+      int nm_offset = vk->null_marker_offset_in_payload();
+      Node* nm_ptr = kit->basic_plus_adr(base, ptr, nm_offset);
+      const TypePtr* nm_ptr_type = (decorators & C2_MISMATCHED) == 0 ? kit->gvn().type(nm_ptr)->is_ptr() : TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM;
+      kit->access_store_at(base, nm_ptr, nm_ptr_type, get_null_marker(), TypeInt::BOOL, T_BOOLEAN, decorators);
+    }
+    store(kit, base, ptr, immutable_memory, decorators);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  StoreFlatNode::store(kit, base, ptr, this, null_free, decorators);
+}
+
+void InlineTypeNode::store_flat_array(GraphKit* kit, Node* base, Node* idx) {
+  PhaseGVN& gvn = kit->gvn();
+  DecoratorSet decorators = IN_HEAP | IS_ARRAY | MO_UNORDERED;
+  kit->C->set_flat_accesses();
+  ciInlineKlass* vk = inline_klass();
+  assert(vk->maybe_flat_in_array(), "element type %s cannot be flat in array", vk->name()->as_utf8());
+
+  RegionNode* region = new RegionNode(4);
+  gvn.set_type(region, Type::CONTROL);
+  kit->record_for_igvn(region);
+
+  Node* input_memory_state = kit->reset_memory();
+  kit->set_all_memory(input_memory_state);
+
+  PhiNode* mem = PhiNode::make(region, input_memory_state, Type::MEMORY, TypePtr::BOTTOM);
+  gvn.set_type(mem, Type::MEMORY);
+  kit->record_for_igvn(mem);
+
+  PhiNode* io = PhiNode::make(region, kit->i_o(), Type::ABIO);
+  gvn.set_type(io, Type::ABIO);
+  kit->record_for_igvn(io);
+
+  Node* bol_null_free = kit->null_free_array_test(base); // Argument evaluation order is undefined in C++ and since this sets control, it needs to come first
+  IfNode* iff_null_free = kit->create_and_map_if(kit->control(), bol_null_free, PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
+
+  // Nullable
+  kit->set_control(kit->IfFalse(iff_null_free));
+  if (!kit->stopped()) {
+    assert(vk->has_nullable_atomic_layout(), "element type %s does not have a nullable flat layout", vk->name()->as_utf8());
+    kit->set_all_memory(input_memory_state);
+    Node* cast = kit->cast_to_flat_array_exact(base, vk, false, true);
+    Node* ptr = kit->array_element_address(cast, idx, T_FLAT_ELEMENT);
+    store_flat(kit, cast, ptr, true, false, false, decorators);
+
+    region->init_req(1, kit->control());
+    mem->set_req(1, kit->reset_memory());
+    io->set_req(1, kit->i_o());
+  }
+
+  // Null-free
+  kit->set_control(kit->IfTrue(iff_null_free));
+  if (!kit->stopped()) {
+    kit->set_all_memory(input_memory_state);
+
+    Node* bol_atomic = kit->null_free_atomic_array_test(base, vk);
+    IfNode* iff_atomic = kit->create_and_map_if(kit->control(), bol_atomic, PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
+
+    // Atomic
+    kit->set_control(kit->IfTrue(iff_atomic));
+    if (!kit->stopped()) {
+      assert(vk->has_null_free_atomic_layout(), "element type %s does not have a null-free atomic flat layout", vk->name()->as_utf8());
+      kit->set_all_memory(input_memory_state);
+      Node* cast = kit->cast_to_flat_array_exact(base, vk, true, true);
+      Node* ptr = kit->array_element_address(cast, idx, T_FLAT_ELEMENT);
+      store_flat(kit, cast, ptr, true, false, true, decorators);
+
+      region->init_req(2, kit->control());
+      mem->set_req(2, kit->reset_memory());
+      io->set_req(2, kit->i_o());
+    }
+
+    // Non-atomic
+    kit->set_control(kit->IfFalse(iff_atomic));
+    if (!kit->stopped()) {
+      assert(vk->has_null_free_non_atomic_layout(), "element type %s does not have a null-free non-atomic flat layout", vk->name()->as_utf8());
+      kit->set_all_memory(input_memory_state);
+      Node* cast = kit->cast_to_flat_array_exact(base, vk, true, false);
+      Node* ptr = kit->array_element_address(cast, idx, T_FLAT_ELEMENT);
+      store_flat(kit, cast, ptr, false, false, true, decorators);
+
+      region->init_req(3, kit->control());
+      mem->set_req(3, kit->reset_memory());
+      io->set_req(3, kit->i_o());
+    }
+  }
+
+  kit->set_control(gvn.transform(region));
+  kit->set_all_memory(gvn.transform(mem));
+  kit->set_i_o(gvn.transform(io));
+}
+
+void InlineTypeNode::store(GraphKit* kit, Node* base, Node* ptr, bool immutable_memory, DecoratorSet decorators) const {
+  // Write field values to memory
+  ciInlineKlass* vk = inline_klass();
+  for (uint i = 0; i < field_count(); ++i) {
+    ciField* field = this->field(i);
+    assert(!field->is_flat() || field->type()->is_inlinetype(), "must be an inline type");
+    int field_off = field->offset_in_bytes() - vk->payload_offset();
+    Node* field_val = field_value(i);
+    bool field_null_free = field->is_null_free();
+    ciType* ft = field->type();
+    Node* field_ptr = kit->basic_plus_adr(base, ptr, field_off);
+    if (field->is_flat()) {
+      // Recursively store the flat inline type field
+      bool atomic = field->is_atomic();
+      field_val->as_InlineType()->store_flat(kit, base, field_ptr, atomic, immutable_memory, field_null_free, decorators);
+    } else {
+      // Store field value to memory
+      BasicType bt = type2field[ft->basic_type()];
+      const TypePtr* field_ptr_type = (decorators & C2_MISMATCHED) == 0 ? kit->gvn().type(field_ptr)->is_ptr() : TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM;
+      const Type* val_type = Type::get_const_type(ft);
+      kit->access_store_at(base, field_ptr, field_ptr_type, field_val, val_type, bt, decorators);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// If a value class contains cycle, bail out from trying to expand substitutability check involving it
+static bool check_cycle(ciInlineKlass* vk) {
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  GrowableArray<Pair<ciInlineKlass*, int>> visited;
+  visited.push(Pair(vk, 0));
+  while (visited.is_nonempty()) {
+    ciInlineKlass* current = visited.top().first;
+    bool finish = true;
+    for (int field_idx = visited.top().second; field_idx < current->nof_nonstatic_fields(); field_idx++) {
+      ciField* field = current->nonstatic_field_at(field_idx);
+      ciType* ft = field->type();
+      if (!ft->is_inlinetype()) {
+        continue;
+      } else if (visited.find_if([&](const auto& entry) { return entry.first == ft; }) >= 0) {
+        return true;
+      } else {
+        visited.top().second = field_idx + 1;
+        visited.push(Pair(ft->as_inline_klass(), 0));
+        finish = false;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    if (finish) {
+      visited.pop();
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+// Check if a substitutability check between 'lhs' and 'rhs' can be implemented in IR
+bool InlineTypeNode::can_emit_substitutability_check(Node* lhs, Node* rhs) {
+  if (!lhs->bottom_type()->isa_ptr() ||
+      (rhs != nullptr && !rhs->bottom_type()->isa_ptr())) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (rhs != nullptr && lhs->eqv_uncast(rhs)) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  if (!lhs->bottom_type()->is_ptr()->can_be_inline_type() ||
+      (rhs != nullptr && !rhs->bottom_type()->is_ptr()->can_be_inline_type())) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  if (!lhs->is_InlineType() && (rhs == nullptr || !rhs->is_InlineType())) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (!lhs->is_InlineType()) {
+    swap(lhs, rhs);
+  }
+
+  InlineTypeNode* lhs_inline = lhs->as_InlineType();
+  InlineTypeNode* rhs_inline = rhs != nullptr ? rhs->isa_InlineType() : nullptr;
+  if (rhs_inline != nullptr && lhs_inline->type()->inline_klass() != rhs_inline->type()->inline_klass()) {
+    // Dead code, can skip the substitutability check
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  if (check_cycle(lhs_inline->inline_klass())) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  for (uint i = 0; i < lhs_inline->field_count(); i++) {
+    ciType* ft = lhs_inline->field(i)->type();
+    if (!ft->can_be_inline_klass()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    Node* lhs_fv = lhs_inline->field_value(i);
+    Node* rhs_fv = rhs_inline != nullptr ? rhs_inline->field_value(i) : nullptr;
+    if (!can_emit_substitutability_check(lhs_fv, rhs_fv)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+// Compare lhs and rhs given they are not value objects
+static void emit_substitutability_check_primitive(GraphKit* kit, PhiNode* result, Node* lhs, Node* rhs, BasicType bt) {
+  PhaseGVN& gvn = kit->gvn();
+  Node* cmp;
+  if (bt == T_INT || is_subword_type(bt)) {
+    cmp = kit->CmpI(lhs, rhs);
+  } else if (bt == T_LONG) {
+    cmp = kit->CmpL(lhs, rhs);
+  } else if (bt == T_FLOAT) {
+    lhs = gvn.transform(new MoveF2INode(lhs));
+    rhs = gvn.transform(new MoveF2INode(rhs));
+    cmp = kit->CmpI(lhs, rhs);
+  } else if (bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+    lhs = gvn.transform(new MoveD2LNode(lhs));
+    rhs = gvn.transform(new MoveD2LNode(rhs));
+    cmp = kit->CmpL(lhs, rhs);
+  } else {
+    assert(is_reference_type(bt), "unexpected bt %s", type2name(bt));
+    cmp = kit->CmpP(lhs, rhs);
+  }
+
+  Node* bol = kit->Bool(cmp, BoolTest::eq);
+  IfNode* iff = kit->create_and_map_if(kit->control(), bol, PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
+
+  Node* iff_false = kit->IfFalse(iff);
+  result->add_req(kit->intcon(0));
+  result->region()->add_req(iff_false);
+
+  Node* iff_true = kit->IfTrue(iff);
+  kit->set_control(iff_true);
+}
+
+// Try to see what should be done with lhs and rhs. Either we can emit the answer if it is simple,
+// give up and emit a call to runtime, or start comparing the value objects field-by-field. In the
+// last case, NodeSentinel is returned.
+static Node* emit_substitutability_check_pointer(GraphKit* kit, PhiNode* result, Node* lhs, Node* rhs) {
+  PhaseGVN& gvn = kit->gvn();
+  Node* top = kit->C->top();
+  const Type* lhs_type = gvn.type(lhs);
+  const Type* rhs_type = gvn.type(rhs);
+
+  // Dead graph
+  if (lhs_type == Type::TOP || rhs_type == Type::TOP) {
+    kit->set_control(top);
+    return top;
+  }
+
+  Node* cmp = nullptr;
+  if (lhs->eqv_uncast(rhs)) {
+    cmp = kit->intcon(0);
+  } else if (!lhs_type->is_ptr()->can_be_inline_type() || !rhs_type->is_ptr()->can_be_inline_type()) {
+    // If one of the sides is not a value object, can only be substitutable if they are the same
+    cmp = kit->CmpP(lhs, rhs);
+  } else if (lhs_type->is_instptr()->as_klass_type()->join(rhs_type->is_instptr()->as_klass_type())->empty()) {
+    // Both belongs to provably different types, must be different unless both are null. Cannot
+    // rely on the pointer independence alone because different pointers may still be
+    // substitutable.
+    cmp = kit->CmpP(lhs, rhs);
+  }
+  if (cmp != nullptr) {
+    Node* res = kit->Bool(cmp, BoolTest::eq);
+    IfNode* iff = kit->create_and_map_if(kit->control(), res, PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
+
+    Node* iff_false = kit->IfFalse(iff);
+    result->region()->add_req(iff_false);
+    result->add_req(gvn.intcon(0));
+
+    Node* iff_true = kit->IfTrue(iff);
+    kit->set_control(iff_true);
+    return iff_true;
+  }
+
+  if (!lhs_type->is_inlinetypeptr() && !rhs_type->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  // A cycle, give up
+  ciInlineKlass* vk = lhs_type->is_inlinetypeptr() ? lhs_type->inline_klass() : rhs_type->inline_klass();
+  if (check_cycle(vk)) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  return NodeSentinel;
+}
+
+Node* InlineTypeNode::emit_substitutability_check(GraphKit* kit, Node* lhs, Node* rhs) {
+  if (!kit->C->allow_macro_nodes()) {
+    // After macro expansion, InlineTypeNodes are also eliminated, creation of new ones then is not
+    // allowed
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  PhaseIterGVN& igvn = *kit->gvn().is_IterGVN();
+  RegionNode* region = new RegionNode(1);
+  PhiNode* result = new PhiNode(region, TypeInt::BOOL);
+  igvn.register_new_node_with_optimizer(region);
+  igvn.register_new_node_with_optimizer(result);
+
+  Node* preprocess = emit_substitutability_check_pointer(kit, result, lhs, rhs);
+  if (preprocess == nullptr) {
+    return nullptr;
+  } else if (preprocess != NodeSentinel) {
+    region->add_req(kit->control());
+    result->add_req(igvn.intcon(1));
+    kit->set_control(region);
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  const Type* lhs_type = igvn.type(lhs);
+  const Type* rhs_type = igvn.type(rhs);
+  assert(!lhs_type->maybe_null() && !rhs_type->maybe_null(), "must check null beforehand");
+  ciInlineKlass* vk = lhs_type->is_inlinetypeptr() ? lhs_type->inline_klass() : rhs_type->inline_klass();
+  const TypeInstPtr* vk_type = TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass(vk)->join(TypePtr::NOTNULL)->is_instptr();
+
+  if (!lhs->is_InlineType()) {
+    if (!lhs_type->higher_equal(vk_type)) {
+      lhs = igvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(kit->control(), lhs, vk_type, ConstraintCastNode::DependencyType::NonFloatingNarrowing));
+    }
+    lhs = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(kit, lhs, vk);
+  }
+  if (!rhs->is_InlineType()) {
+    if (!rhs_type->higher_equal(vk_type)) {
+      rhs = igvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(kit->control(), rhs, vk_type, ConstraintCastNode::DependencyType::NonFloatingNarrowing));
+    }
+    rhs = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(kit, rhs, vk);
+  }
+
+  RegionNode* true_region = new RegionNode(3);
+  igvn.register_new_node_with_optimizer(true_region);
+  region->add_req(true_region);
+  result->add_req(igvn.intcon(1));
+
+  // To verify the substitutability of 2 notnull value objects of the same type, we need to check
+  // the substitutability of each field in the objects:
+  //
+  // substitutable(cur_lhs, cur_rhs) {
+  //   cur_start_region:
+  //
+  //   if (cur_lhs.field1 == null && cur_rhs.field1 == null) {
+  //     goto cur_true_field1_region;
+  //   } else if ((cur_lhs.field1 == null) != (cur_rhs.field1 == null) {
+  //     return false;
+  //   } else if (cur_lhs.field1.klass != cur_rhs.field1.klass) {
+  //     return false;
+  //   }
+  //
+  //   cur_start_field1_region:
+  //   if (substitutable(cur_lhs.field1, cur_rhs.field1)) {
+  //     return false;
+  //   }
+  //   cur_true_field1_region:
+  //
+  //   if (cur_lhs.field2 == null && cur_rhs.field2 == null) {
+  //     goto cur_true_field2_region;
+  //   } else if ((cur_lhs.field2 == null) != (cur_rhs.field2 == null) {
+  //     return false;
+  //   } else if (cur_lhs.field2.klass != cur_rhs.field2.klass) {
+  //     return false;
+  //   }
+  //
+  //   cur_start_field2_region:
+  //   if (!substitutable(cur_lhs.field1, cur_rhs.field1)) {
+  //     return false;
+  //   }
+  //   cur_true_field2_region:
+  //
+  //   ...
+  //
+  //   cur_true_fieldn_region:
+  //
+  //   cur_true_region:
+  // }
+  //
+  // To avoid recursion, for field values that are value objects, we create the start and end
+  // region for the substitutability check of that field when both sides are notnull, save them on
+  // the worklist to process them later.
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  using WorklistEntry = Tuple<Node*, RegionNode*, InlineTypeNode*, InlineTypeNode*>;
+  GrowableArray<WorklistEntry> worklist;
+  worklist.push(WorklistEntry(kit->control(), true_region, lhs->as_InlineType(), rhs->as_InlineType()));
+  while (worklist.is_nonempty()) {
+    WorklistEntry entry = worklist.pop();
+    Node* cur_start_region = entry.get<0>();
+    RegionNode* cur_true_region = entry.get<1>();
+    InlineTypeNode* cur_lhs = entry.get<2>();
+    InlineTypeNode* cur_rhs = entry.get<3>();
+
+    kit->set_control(cur_start_region);
+    if (kit->stopped()) {
+      break;
+    }
+    ciInlineKlass* vk = cur_lhs->inline_klass();
+    assert(vk == cur_rhs->inline_klass(), "should not reach here otherwise");
+
+    auto is_simple_field = [](ciField* field) {
+      ciType* ft = field->type();
+      return is_java_primitive(ft->basic_type()) || !ft->as_klass()->can_be_inline_klass();
+    };
+
+    // Go through all fields, process the simple ones first
+    for (int field_idx = 0; field_idx < vk->nof_declared_nonstatic_fields(); field_idx++) {
+      ciField* field = vk->declared_nonstatic_field_at(field_idx);
+      if (is_simple_field(field)) {
+        Node* cur_lhs_field = cur_lhs->field_value(field_idx);
+        Node* cur_rhs_field = cur_rhs->field_value(field_idx);
+        emit_substitutability_check_primitive(kit, result, cur_lhs_field, cur_rhs_field, field->type()->basic_type());
+      }
+    }
+
+    for (int field_idx = 0; field_idx < vk->nof_declared_nonstatic_fields(); field_idx++) {
+      ciField* field = vk->declared_nonstatic_field_at(field_idx);
+      if (is_simple_field(field)) {
+        // These fields have already been processed
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      Node* cur_lhs_field = cur_lhs->field_value(field_idx);
+      Node* cur_rhs_field = cur_rhs->field_value(field_idx);
+      InlineTypeNode* cur_lhs_inline = cur_lhs_field->isa_InlineType();
+      InlineTypeNode* cur_rhs_inline = cur_rhs_field->isa_InlineType();
+
+      Node* preprocess = emit_substitutability_check_pointer(kit, result, cur_lhs_field, cur_rhs_field);
+      if (kit->stopped()) {
+        break;
+      } else if (preprocess == nullptr) {
+        // Must emit a substitutability check for this field, give up for now
+        return nullptr;
+      } else if (preprocess != NodeSentinel) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      // When field is not null-free, the shape would look like this:
+      //
+      // current_control:
+      // if (cur_lhs_field == null) {
+      //   if (cur_rhs_field == null) {
+      //     goto field_true_region;
+      //   } else {
+      //     return false;
+      //   }
+      // } else {
+      //   if (cur_rhs_field == null) {
+      //     return false;
+      //   }
+      // }
+      // if (cur_lhs_field.klass != cur_rhs_field.klass) {
+      //   return false;
+      // }
+      //
+      // field_start_region:
+      // if (!substitutable(cur_lhs_field, cur_rhs_field)) {
+      //   return false;
+      // }
+      // field_true_region:
+      //
+      // The substitutability test between the fields of cur_lhs_field and cur_rhs_field is then
+      // pushed on the worklist to be expanded later.
+      RegionNode* field_true_region = new RegionNode(3);
+      igvn.register_new_node_with_optimizer(field_true_region);
+
+      // Firstly, filter the cases when either is null
+      Node* null_unknown = kit->top();
+      cur_lhs_field = kit->null_check_common(cur_lhs_field, T_OBJECT, false, &null_unknown);
+      if (!null_unknown->is_top()) {
+        PreserveJVMState pjvms(kit);
+        kit->set_control(null_unknown);
+        Node* null_null = kit->top();
+        kit->null_check_common(cur_rhs_field, T_OBJECT, false, &null_null);
+
+        // null - null, skip other checks
+        field_true_region->init_req(1, null_null);
+
+        // null - notnull
+        if (!kit->stopped()) {
+          region->add_req(kit->control());
+          result->add_req(igvn.intcon(0));
+        }
+      }
+      if (kit->stopped()) {
+        // cur_lhs_field is always null
+        kit->set_control(field_true_region);
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      Node* notnull_null = kit->top();
+      cur_rhs_field = kit->null_check_common(cur_rhs_field, T_OBJECT, false, &notnull_null);
+      if (!notnull_null->is_top()) {
+        region->add_req(notnull_null);
+        result->add_req(igvn.intcon(0));
+      }
+
+      if (kit->stopped()) {
+        // cur_rhs_field is always null
+        kit->set_control(field_true_region);
+        continue;
+      }
+      assert(!igvn.type(cur_lhs_field)->maybe_null() && !igvn.type(cur_rhs_field)->maybe_null(), "must be notnull");
+
+      // Can expand this comparison
+      const Type* cur_lhs_field_type = igvn.type(cur_lhs_field);
+      const Type* cur_rhs_field_type = igvn.type(cur_rhs_field);
+      ciInlineKlass* vk = cur_lhs_field_type->is_inlinetypeptr() ? cur_lhs_field_type->inline_klass() : cur_rhs_field_type->inline_klass();
+      const TypeInstKlassPtr* vk_klass_type = TypeInstKlassPtr::make(vk, Type::ignore_interfaces);
+      Node* vk_klass = igvn.makecon(vk_klass_type);
+
+      // Both must be vk
+      // InlineTypeNodes need no (new) field loads, so we can use the uncasted value below.
+      if (cur_lhs_inline != nullptr && cur_lhs_inline->inline_klass() == vk) {
+        cur_lhs_field = cur_lhs_inline;
+      } else {
+        Node* not_vk = kit->top();
+        cur_lhs_field = kit->gen_checkcast(cur_lhs_field, vk_klass, &not_vk);
+        if (!not_vk->is_top()) {
+          region->add_req(not_vk);
+          result->add_req(igvn.intcon(0));
+        }
+        cur_lhs_field = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(kit, cur_lhs_field, vk);
+      }
+
+      if (cur_rhs_inline != nullptr && cur_rhs_inline->inline_klass() == vk) {
+        cur_rhs_field = cur_rhs_inline;
+      } else {
+        Node* not_vk = kit->top();
+        cur_rhs_field = kit->gen_checkcast(cur_rhs_field, vk_klass, &not_vk);
+        if (!not_vk->is_top()) {
+          region->add_req(not_vk);
+          result->add_req(igvn.intcon(0));
+        }
+        cur_rhs_field = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(kit, cur_rhs_field, vk);
+      }
+
+      if (!kit->stopped()) {
+        // Push the expanded InlineTypeNodes for processing later
+        worklist.push(WorklistEntry(kit->control(), field_true_region, cur_lhs_field->as_InlineType(), cur_rhs_field->as_InlineType()));
+      }
+
+      kit->set_control(field_true_region);
+    }
+
+    cur_true_region->init_req(2, kit->control());
+    kit->set_control(cur_true_region);
+  }
+
+  kit->set_control(region);
+  return result;
+}
+
+InlineTypeNode* InlineTypeNode::buffer(GraphKit* kit, bool safe_for_replace) {
+  if (is_allocated(&kit->gvn())) {
+    // Already buffered
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  // Check if inline type is already buffered
+  Node* not_buffered_ctl = kit->top();
+  Node* not_null_oop = kit->null_check_oop(get_oop(), &not_buffered_ctl, /* never_see_null = */ false, safe_for_replace);
+  if (not_buffered_ctl->is_top()) {
+    // Already buffered
+    InlineTypeNode* vt = clone_if_required(&kit->gvn(), kit->map(), safe_for_replace);
+    vt->set_is_buffered(kit->gvn());
+    vt = kit->gvn().transform(vt)->as_InlineType();
+    if (safe_for_replace) {
+      kit->replace_in_map(this, vt);
+    }
+    return vt;
+  }
+  Node* buffered_ctl = kit->control();
+  kit->set_control(not_buffered_ctl);
+
+  // Inline type is not buffered, check if it is null.
+  Node* null_ctl = kit->top();
+  kit->null_check_common(get_null_marker(), T_INT, false, &null_ctl);
+  bool null_free = null_ctl->is_top();
+
+  RegionNode* region = new RegionNode(4);
+  PhiNode* oop = PhiNode::make(region, not_null_oop, type()->join_speculative(null_free ? TypePtr::NOTNULL : TypePtr::BOTTOM));
+
+  // InlineType is already buffered
+  region->init_req(1, buffered_ctl);
+  oop->init_req(1, not_null_oop);
+
+  // InlineType is null
+  region->init_req(2, null_ctl);
+  oop->init_req(2, kit->gvn().zerocon(T_OBJECT));
+
+  PhiNode* io  = PhiNode::make(region, kit->i_o(), Type::ABIO);
+  PhiNode* mem = PhiNode::make(region, kit->merged_memory(), Type::MEMORY, TypePtr::BOTTOM);
+
+  if (!kit->stopped()) {
+    assert(!is_allocated(&kit->gvn()), "already buffered");
+    PreserveJVMState pjvms(kit);
+    ciInlineKlass* vk = inline_klass();
+    // Allocate and initialize buffer, re-execute on deoptimization.
+    kit->jvms()->set_bci(kit->bci());
+    kit->jvms()->set_should_reexecute(true);
+    kit->kill_dead_locals();
+    Node* klass_node = kit->makecon(TypeKlassPtr::make(vk));
+    Node* alloc_oop  = kit->new_instance(klass_node, nullptr, nullptr, /* deoptimize_on_exception */ true, this);
+    Node* payload_alloc_oop = kit->basic_plus_adr(alloc_oop, vk->payload_offset());
+    store(kit, alloc_oop, payload_alloc_oop, true, IN_HEAP | MO_UNORDERED | C2_TIGHTLY_COUPLED_ALLOC);
+
+    // Do not let stores that initialize this buffer be reordered with a subsequent
+    // store that would make this buffer accessible by other threads.
+    AllocateNode* alloc = AllocateNode::Ideal_allocation(alloc_oop);
+    assert(alloc != nullptr, "must have an allocation node");
+    kit->insert_mem_bar(Op_MemBarStoreStore, alloc->proj_out_or_null(AllocateNode::RawAddress));
+    oop->init_req(3, alloc_oop);
+    region->init_req(3, kit->control());
+    io    ->init_req(3, kit->i_o());
+    mem   ->init_req(3, kit->merged_memory());
+  }
+
+  // Update GraphKit
+  kit->set_control(kit->gvn().transform(region));
+  kit->set_i_o(kit->gvn().transform(io));
+  kit->set_all_memory(kit->gvn().transform(mem));
+  kit->record_for_igvn(region);
+  kit->record_for_igvn(oop);
+  kit->record_for_igvn(io);
+  kit->record_for_igvn(mem);
+
+  // Use cloned InlineTypeNode to propagate oop from now on
+  Node* res_oop = kit->gvn().transform(oop);
+  InlineTypeNode* vt = clone_if_required(&kit->gvn(), kit->map(), safe_for_replace);
+  vt->set_oop(kit->gvn(), res_oop);
+  vt->set_is_buffered(kit->gvn());
+  vt = kit->gvn().transform(vt)->as_InlineType();
+  kit->record_for_igvn(vt);
+  if (safe_for_replace) {
+    kit->replace_in_map(this, vt);
+  }
+  // InlineTypeNode::remove_redundant_allocations piggybacks on split if.
+  // Make sure it gets a chance to remove this allocation.
+  kit->C->set_has_split_ifs(true);
+  return vt;
+}
+
+bool InlineTypeNode::is_allocated(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
+  if (phase->type(get_is_buffered()) == TypeInt::ONE) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  Node* oop = get_oop();
+  const Type* oop_type = (phase != nullptr) ? phase->type(oop) : oop->bottom_type();
+  return !oop_type->maybe_null();
+}
+
+static void replace_proj(Compile* C, CallNode* call, uint& proj_idx, Node* value, BasicType bt) {
+  ProjNode* pn = call->proj_out_or_null(proj_idx);
+  if (pn != nullptr) {
+    if (pn->outcnt() > 0) {
+      PhaseGVN* gvn = C->initial_gvn();
+      const Type* result_type = gvn->type(pn);
+      value = gvn->transform(new OpaqueParseNode(C, value, result_type));
+    }
+    C->gvn_replace_by(pn, value);
+    C->initial_gvn()->hash_delete(pn);
+    pn->set_req(0, C->top());
+  }
+  proj_idx += type2size[bt];
+}
+
+// When a call returns multiple values, it has several result
+// projections, one per field. Replacing the result of the call by an
+// inline type node (after late inlining) requires that for each result
+// projection, we find the corresponding inline type field.
+void InlineTypeNode::replace_call_results(GraphKit* kit, CallNode* call, Compile* C) const {
+  uint proj_idx = TypeFunc::Parms;
+  // Replace oop projection
+  replace_proj(C, call, proj_idx, get_oop(), T_OBJECT);
+  // Replace field projections
+  replace_field_projs(C, call, proj_idx);
+  // Replace null_marker projection
+  replace_proj(C, call, proj_idx, get_null_marker(), T_BOOLEAN);
+  assert(proj_idx == call->tf()->range_cc()->cnt(), "missed a projection");
+}
+
+void InlineTypeNode::replace_field_projs(Compile* C, CallNode* call, uint& proj_idx) const {
+  for (uint i = 0; i < field_count(); ++i) {
+    Node* value = field_value(i);
+    ciField* field = this->field(i);
+    assert(!field->is_flat() || field->type()->is_inlinetype(), "must be an inline type");
+    if (field->is_flat()) {
+      InlineTypeNode* vt = value->as_InlineType();
+      // Replace field projections for flat field
+      vt->replace_field_projs(C, call, proj_idx);
+      if (!field->is_null_free()) {
+        // Replace null_marker projection for nullable field
+        replace_proj(C, call, proj_idx, vt->get_null_marker(), T_BOOLEAN);
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+    // Replace projection for field value
+    replace_proj(C, call, proj_idx, value, field->type()->basic_type());
+  }
+}
+
+InlineTypeNode* InlineTypeNode::allocate_fields(GraphKit* kit) {
+  InlineTypeNode* vt = clone_if_required(&kit->gvn(), kit->map());
+  for (uint i = 0; i < field_count(); i++) {
+    Node* value = field_value(i);
+    ciField* field = this->field(i);
+    assert(!field->is_flat() || field->type()->is_inlinetype(), "must be an inline type");
+     if (field->is_flat()) {
+       // Flat inline type field
+       vt->set_field_value(i, value->as_InlineType()->allocate_fields(kit));
+     } else if (value->is_InlineType()) {
+       // Non-flat inline type field
+       vt->set_field_value(i, value->as_InlineType()->buffer(kit));
+     }
+  }
+  vt = kit->gvn().transform(vt)->as_InlineType();
+  kit->replace_in_map(this, vt);
+  return vt;
+}
+
+// Replace a buffer allocation by a dominating allocation
+static void replace_allocation(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node* res, Node* dom) {
+  // Remove initializing stores and GC barriers
+  for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = res->fast_outs(imax); i < imax; i++) {
+    Node* use = res->fast_out(i);
+    if (use->is_AddP()) {
+      for (DUIterator_Fast jmax, j = use->fast_outs(jmax); j < jmax; j++) {
+        Node* store = use->fast_out(j)->isa_Store();
+        if (store != nullptr) {
+          igvn->rehash_node_delayed(store);
+          igvn->replace_in_uses(store, store->in(MemNode::Memory));
+        }
+      }
+    } else if (use->Opcode() == Op_CastP2X) {
+      if (UseG1GC && use->find_out_with(Op_XorX)->in(1) != use) {
+        // The G1 pre-barrier uses a CastP2X both for the pointer of the object
+        // we store into, as well as the value we are storing. Skip if this is a
+        // barrier for storing 'res' into another object.
+        continue;
+      }
+      BarrierSetC2* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2();
+      bs->eliminate_gc_barrier(igvn, use);
+      --i; --imax;
+    }
+  }
+  igvn->replace_node(res, dom);
+}
+
+Node* InlineTypeNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
+  Node* oop = get_oop();
+  if (oop->isa_InlineType() && !phase->type(oop)->maybe_null()) {
+    InlineTypeNode* vtptr = oop->as_InlineType();
+    assert(inline_klass() == vtptr->inline_klass(), "inconsistent types");
+    set_oop(*phase, vtptr->get_oop());
+    set_is_buffered(*phase);
+    set_null_marker(*phase);
+    for (uint i = Values; i < vtptr->req(); ++i) {
+      set_req(i, vtptr->in(i));
+    }
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  // Use base oop if fields are loaded from memory, don't do so if base is the CheckCastPP of an
+  // allocation because the only case we load from a naked CheckCastPP is when we exit a
+  // constructor of an inline type and we want to relinquish the larval oop there. This has a
+  // couple of benefits:
+  // - The allocation is likely to be elided earlier if it is not an input of an InlineTypeNode.
+  // - The InlineTypeNode without an allocation input is more likely to be GVN-ed. This may emerge
+  //   when we try to clone a value object.
+  // - The buffering, if needed, is delayed until it is required. This new allocation, since it is
+  //   created from an InlineTypeNode, is recognized as not having a unique identity and in the
+  //   future, we can move them around more freely such as hoisting out of loops. This is not true
+  //   for the old allocation since larval value objects do have unique identities.
+  Node* base = is_loaded(phase);
+  if (base != nullptr && !base->is_InlineType() && !phase->type(base)->maybe_null() && phase->C->allow_macro_nodes() && AllocateNode::Ideal_allocation(base) == nullptr) {
+    if (oop != base || !is_allocated(phase)) {
+      set_oop(*phase, base);
+      set_is_buffered(*phase);
+      return this;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (can_reshape) {
+    PhaseIterGVN* igvn = phase->is_IterGVN();
+    if (is_allocated(phase)) {
+      // Search for and remove re-allocations of this inline type. Ignore scalar replaceable ones,
+      // they will be removed anyway and changing the memory chain will confuse other optimizations.
+      // This can happen with late inlining when we first allocate an inline type argument
+      // but later decide to inline the call after the callee code also triggered allocation.
+      for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = fast_outs(imax); i < imax; i++) {
+        AllocateNode* alloc = fast_out(i)->isa_Allocate();
+        if (alloc != nullptr && alloc->in(AllocateNode::InlineType) == this && !alloc->_is_scalar_replaceable) {
+          // Found a re-allocation
+          Node* res = alloc->result_cast();
+          if (res != nullptr && res->is_CheckCastPP()) {
+            // Replace allocation by oop and unlink AllocateNode
+            replace_allocation(igvn, res, oop);
+            igvn->replace_input_of(alloc, AllocateNode::InlineType, igvn->C->top());
+            --i; --imax;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+InlineTypeNode* InlineTypeNode::make_uninitialized(PhaseGVN& gvn, ciInlineKlass* vk, bool null_free) {
+  // Create a new InlineTypeNode with uninitialized values and nullptr oop
+  InlineTypeNode* vt = new InlineTypeNode(vk, gvn.zerocon(T_OBJECT), null_free);
+  vt->set_is_buffered(gvn, false);
+  vt->set_null_marker(gvn);
+  return vt;
+}
+
+InlineTypeNode* InlineTypeNode::make_all_zero(PhaseGVN& gvn, ciInlineKlass* vk) {
+  return make_all_zero_impl(gvn, vk);
+}
+
+InlineTypeNode* InlineTypeNode::make_all_zero_impl(PhaseGVN& gvn, ciInlineKlass* vk) {
+  // Create a new InlineTypeNode initialized with all zero
+  InlineTypeNode* vt = new InlineTypeNode(vk, gvn.zerocon(T_OBJECT), /* null_free= */ true);
+  vt->set_is_buffered(gvn, false);
+  vt->set_null_marker(gvn);
+  for (uint i = 0; i < vt->field_count(); ++i) {
+    ciField* field = vt->field(i);
+    assert(!field->is_flat() || field->type()->is_inlinetype(), "must be an inline type");
+    ciType* ft = field->type();
+    Node* value;
+    if (field->is_null_free()) {
+      value = make_all_zero_impl(gvn, ft->as_inline_klass());
+    } else if (field->is_flat()) {
+      value = make_null_impl(gvn, ft->as_inline_klass());
+    } else {
+      value = gvn.zerocon(ft->basic_type());
+    }
+    vt->set_field_value(i, value);
+  }
+  vt = gvn.transform(vt)->as_InlineType();
+  assert(vt->is_all_zero(&gvn), "must be the all-zero inline type");
+  return vt;
+}
+
+bool InlineTypeNode::is_all_zero(PhaseGVN* gvn, bool flat) const {
+  const TypeInt* tinit = gvn->type(get_null_marker())->isa_int();
+  if (tinit == nullptr || !tinit->is_con(1)) {
+    return false; // May be null
+  }
+  for (uint i = 0; i < field_count(); ++i) {
+    Node* value = field_value(i);
+    ciField* field = this->field(i);
+    assert(!field->is_flat() || field->type()->is_inlinetype(), "must be an inline type");
+    if (field->is_null_free()) {
+      // Null-free value class field must have the all-zero value. If 'flat' is set,
+      // reject non-flat fields because they need to be initialized with an oop to a buffer.
+      if (!value->is_InlineType() || !value->as_InlineType()->is_all_zero(gvn) || (flat && !field->is_flat())) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      continue;
+    } else if (value->is_InlineType()) {
+      // Nullable value class field must be null
+      tinit = gvn->type(value->as_InlineType()->get_null_marker())->isa_int();
+      if (tinit != nullptr && tinit->is_con(0)) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      return false;
+    } else if (!gvn->type(value)->is_zero_type()) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+InlineTypeNode* InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(GraphKit* kit, Node* oop, ciInlineKlass* vk) {
+  return make_from_oop_impl(kit, oop, vk);
+}
+
+InlineTypeNode* InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop_impl(GraphKit* kit, Node* oop, ciInlineKlass* vk) {
+  PhaseGVN& gvn = kit->gvn();
+
+  // Create and initialize an InlineTypeNode by loading all field
+  // values from a heap-allocated version and also save the oop.
+  InlineTypeNode* vt = oop->isa_InlineType();
+  if (vt != nullptr) {
+    return vt;
+  }
+
+  if (gvn.type(oop) == TypePtr::NULL_PTR) {
+    return make_null_impl(gvn, vk);
+  }
+
+  if (gvn.type(oop)->maybe_null()) {
+    // Add a null check because the oop may be null
+    Node* null_ctl = kit->top();
+    Node* not_null_oop = kit->null_check_oop(oop, &null_ctl);
+    if (kit->stopped()) {
+      // Constant null
+      kit->set_control(null_ctl);
+      vt = make_null_impl(gvn, vk);
+      kit->record_for_igvn(vt);
+      return vt;
+    }
+    vt = new InlineTypeNode(vk, not_null_oop, /* null_free= */ false);
+    vt->set_is_buffered(gvn);
+    vt->set_null_marker(gvn);
+    Node* payload_ptr = kit->basic_plus_adr(not_null_oop, vk->payload_offset());
+    vt->load(kit, not_null_oop, payload_ptr, true, true, IN_HEAP | MO_UNORDERED);
+
+    if (null_ctl != kit->top()) {
+      InlineTypeNode* null_vt = make_null_impl(gvn, vk);
+      Node* region = new RegionNode(3);
+      region->init_req(1, kit->control());
+      region->init_req(2, null_ctl);
+      vt = vt->clone_with_phis(&gvn, region, kit->map());
+      vt->merge_with(&gvn, null_vt, 2, true);
+      vt->set_oop(gvn, oop);
+      vt->set_is_buffered(gvn);
+      kit->set_control(gvn.transform(region));
+    }
+  } else {
+    // Oop can never be null
+    vt = new InlineTypeNode(vk, oop, /* null_free= */ true);
+    vt->set_is_buffered(gvn);
+    vt->set_null_marker(gvn);
+    Node* payload_ptr = kit->basic_plus_adr(oop, vk->payload_offset());
+    vt->load(kit, oop, payload_ptr, true, true, IN_HEAP | MO_UNORDERED);
+  }
+  assert(vt->is_allocated(&gvn), "inline type should be allocated");
+  kit->record_for_igvn(vt);
+  return gvn.transform(vt)->as_InlineType();
+}
+
+InlineTypeNode* InlineTypeNode::make_from_flat(GraphKit* kit, ciInlineKlass* vk, Node* base, Node* ptr,
+                                               bool atomic, bool immutable_memory, bool null_free, DecoratorSet decorators) {
+  return make_from_flat_impl(kit, vk, base, ptr, atomic, immutable_memory, null_free, null_free, decorators);
+}
+
+// GraphKit wrapper for the 'make_from_flat' method
+InlineTypeNode* InlineTypeNode::make_from_flat_impl(GraphKit* kit, ciInlineKlass* vk, Node* base, Node* ptr, bool atomic, bool immutable_memory,
+                                                    bool null_free, bool trust_null_free_oop, DecoratorSet decorators) {
+  assert(null_free || !trust_null_free_oop, "cannot trust null-free oop when the holder object is not null-free");
+  PhaseGVN& gvn = kit->gvn();
+  bool do_atomic = atomic;
+  // With immutable memory, a non-atomic load and an atomic load are the same
+  if (immutable_memory) {
+    do_atomic = false;
+  }
+  // If there is only one flattened field, a non-atomic load and an atomic load are the same
+  if (vk->is_naturally_atomic(null_free)) {
+    do_atomic = false;
+  }
+
+  if (!do_atomic) {
+    InlineTypeNode* vt = make_uninitialized(kit->gvn(), vk, null_free);
+    if (!null_free) {
+      int nm_offset = vk->null_marker_offset_in_payload();
+      Node* nm_ptr = kit->basic_plus_adr(base, ptr, nm_offset);
+      const TypePtr* nm_ptr_type = (decorators & C2_MISMATCHED) == 0 ? gvn.type(nm_ptr)->is_ptr() : TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM;
+      Node* nm_value = kit->access_load_at(base, nm_ptr, nm_ptr_type, TypeInt::BOOL, T_BOOLEAN, decorators);
+      vt->set_req(NullMarker, nm_value);
+    }
+
+    vt->load(kit, base, ptr, immutable_memory, trust_null_free_oop, decorators);
+    return gvn.transform(vt)->as_InlineType();
+  }
+
+  assert(!immutable_memory, "immutable memory does not need explicit atomic access");
+  return LoadFlatNode::load(kit, vk, base, ptr, null_free, trust_null_free_oop, decorators);
+}
+
+InlineTypeNode* InlineTypeNode::make_from_flat_array(GraphKit* kit, ciInlineKlass* vk, Node* base, Node* idx) {
+  assert(vk->maybe_flat_in_array(), "element type %s cannot be flat in array", vk->name()->as_utf8());
+  PhaseGVN& gvn = kit->gvn();
+  // The flat field loads are dependent on both the array layout checks as well as the range check.
+  DecoratorSet decorators = IN_HEAP | IS_ARRAY | MO_UNORDERED | C2_CONTROL_DEPENDENT_LOAD | C2_UNKNOWN_CONTROL_LOAD;
+  kit->C->set_flat_accesses();
+  InlineTypeNode* vt_nullable = nullptr;
+  InlineTypeNode* vt_null_free = nullptr;
+  InlineTypeNode* vt_non_atomic = nullptr;
+
+  RegionNode* region = new RegionNode(4);
+  gvn.set_type(region, Type::CONTROL);
+  kit->record_for_igvn(region);
+
+  Node* input_memory_state = kit->reset_memory();
+  kit->set_all_memory(input_memory_state);
+
+  PhiNode* mem = PhiNode::make(region, input_memory_state, Type::MEMORY, TypePtr::BOTTOM);
+  gvn.set_type(mem, Type::MEMORY);
+  kit->record_for_igvn(mem);
+
+  PhiNode* io = PhiNode::make(region, kit->i_o(), Type::ABIO);
+  gvn.set_type(io, Type::ABIO);
+  kit->record_for_igvn(io);
+
+  Node* bol_null_free = kit->null_free_array_test(base); // Argument evaluation order is undefined in C++ and since this sets control, it needs to come first
+  IfNode* iff_null_free = kit->create_and_map_if(kit->control(), bol_null_free, PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
+
+  // Nullable
+  kit->set_control(kit->IfFalse(iff_null_free));
+  if (!kit->stopped()) {
+    assert(vk->has_nullable_atomic_layout(), "element type %s does not have a nullable flat layout", vk->name()->as_utf8());
+    kit->set_all_memory(input_memory_state);
+    Node* cast = kit->cast_to_flat_array_exact(base, vk, false, true);
+    Node* ptr = kit->array_element_address(cast, idx, T_FLAT_ELEMENT);
+    vt_nullable = InlineTypeNode::make_from_flat(kit, vk, cast, ptr, true, false, false, decorators);
+
+    region->init_req(1, kit->control());
+    mem->set_req(1, kit->reset_memory());
+    io->set_req(1, kit->i_o());
+  }
+
+  // Null-free
+  kit->set_control(kit->IfTrue(iff_null_free));
+  if (!kit->stopped()) {
+    kit->set_all_memory(input_memory_state);
+
+    Node* bol_atomic = kit->null_free_atomic_array_test(base, vk);
+    IfNode* iff_atomic = kit->create_and_map_if(kit->control(), bol_atomic, PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
+
+    // Atomic
+    kit->set_control(kit->IfTrue(iff_atomic));
+    if (!kit->stopped()) {
+      assert(vk->has_null_free_atomic_layout(), "element type %s does not have a null-free atomic flat layout", vk->name()->as_utf8());
+      kit->set_all_memory(input_memory_state);
+      Node* cast = kit->cast_to_flat_array_exact(base, vk, true, true);
+      Node* ptr = kit->array_element_address(cast, idx, T_FLAT_ELEMENT);
+      vt_null_free = InlineTypeNode::make_from_flat(kit, vk, cast, ptr, true, false, true, decorators);
+
+      region->init_req(2, kit->control());
+      mem->set_req(2, kit->reset_memory());
+      io->set_req(2, kit->i_o());
+    }
+
+    // Non-Atomic
+    kit->set_control(kit->IfFalse(iff_atomic));
+    if (!kit->stopped()) {
+      assert(vk->has_null_free_non_atomic_layout(), "element type %s does not have a null-free non-atomic flat layout", vk->name()->as_utf8());
+      kit->set_all_memory(input_memory_state);
+      Node* cast = kit->cast_to_flat_array_exact(base, vk, true, false);
+      Node* ptr = kit->array_element_address(cast, idx, T_FLAT_ELEMENT);
+      vt_non_atomic = InlineTypeNode::make_from_flat(kit, vk, cast, ptr, false, false, true, decorators);
+
+      region->init_req(3, kit->control());
+      mem->set_req(3, kit->reset_memory());
+      io->set_req(3, kit->i_o());
+    }
+  }
+
+  InlineTypeNode* vt = nullptr;
+  if (vt_nullable == nullptr && vt_null_free == nullptr && vt_non_atomic == nullptr) {
+    // All paths are dead
+    vt = make_null(gvn, vk);
+  } else if (vt_nullable == nullptr && vt_null_free == nullptr) {
+    vt = vt_non_atomic;
+  } else if (vt_nullable == nullptr && vt_non_atomic == nullptr) {
+    vt = vt_null_free;
+  } else if (vt_null_free == nullptr && vt_non_atomic == nullptr) {
+    vt = vt_nullable;
+  }
+  if (vt != nullptr) {
+    kit->set_control(kit->gvn().transform(region));
+    kit->set_all_memory(kit->gvn().transform(mem));
+    kit->set_i_o(kit->gvn().transform(io));
+    return vt;
+  }
+
+  InlineTypeNode* zero = InlineTypeNode::make_null(gvn, vk);
+  vt = zero->clone_with_phis(&gvn, region);
+  if (vt_nullable != nullptr) {
+    vt = vt->merge_with(&gvn, vt_nullable, 1, false);
+  }
+  if (vt_null_free != nullptr) {
+    vt = vt->merge_with(&gvn, vt_null_free, 2, false);
+  }
+  if (vt_non_atomic != nullptr) {
+    vt = vt->merge_with(&gvn, vt_non_atomic, 3, false);
+  }
+
+  kit->set_control(kit->gvn().transform(region));
+  kit->set_all_memory(kit->gvn().transform(mem));
+  kit->set_i_o(kit->gvn().transform(io));
+  return gvn.transform(vt)->as_InlineType();
+}
+
+InlineTypeNode* InlineTypeNode::make_from_multi(GraphKit* kit, MultiNode* multi, ciInlineKlass* vk, uint& base_input, bool in, bool null_free) {
+  InlineTypeNode* vt = make_uninitialized(kit->gvn(), vk, null_free);
+  if (!in || multi->is_Start()) {
+    // Keep track of the oop. The inline type might already be buffered.
+    Node* oop = nullptr;
+    if (multi->is_Start()) {
+      oop = kit->gvn().transform(new ParmNode(multi->as_Start(), base_input++));
+    } else {
+      oop = kit->gvn().transform(new ProjNode(multi, base_input++));
+    }
+    vt->set_oop(kit->gvn(), oop);
+  } else {
+    Node* oop = multi->as_Call()->in(base_input++);
+    vt->set_oop(kit->gvn(), oop);
+  }
+  vt->initialize_fields(kit, multi, base_input, in, null_free, nullptr);
+  return kit->gvn().transform(vt)->as_InlineType();
+}
+
+Node* InlineTypeNode::is_loaded(PhaseGVN* phase, ciInlineKlass* vk, Node* base, int holder_offset) const {
+  if (vk == nullptr) {
+    vk = inline_klass();
+  }
+  for (uint i = 0; i < field_count(); ++i) {
+    ciField* field = this->field(i);
+    int offset = holder_offset + field->offset_in_bytes();
+    Node* value = field_value(i);
+    if (value->is_InlineType()) {
+      assert(!field->is_flat() || field->type()->is_inlinetype(), "must be an inline type");
+      InlineTypeNode* vt = value->as_InlineType();
+      if (vt->type()->inline_klass()->is_empty()) {
+        continue;
+      } else if (field->is_flat() && vt->is_InlineType()) {
+        // Check inline type field load recursively
+        base = vt->as_InlineType()->is_loaded(phase, vk, base, offset - vt->type()->inline_klass()->payload_offset());
+        if (base == nullptr) {
+          return nullptr;
+        }
+        continue;
+      } else {
+        value = vt->get_oop();
+        if (value->Opcode() == Op_CastPP) {
+          // Skip CastPP
+          value = value->in(1);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    if (value->isa_DecodeN()) {
+      // Skip DecodeN
+      value = value->in(1);
+    }
+    if (value->isa_Load()) {
+      // Check if base and offset of field load matches inline type layout
+      intptr_t loffset = 0;
+      Node* lbase = AddPNode::Ideal_base_and_offset(value->in(MemNode::Address), phase, loffset);
+      if (lbase == nullptr || (lbase != base && base != nullptr) || loffset != offset) {
+        return nullptr;
+      } else if (base == nullptr) {
+        // Set base and check if pointer type matches
+        base = lbase;
+        const TypeInstPtr* vtptr = phase->type(base)->isa_instptr();
+        if (vtptr == nullptr || !vtptr->instance_klass()->equals(vk)) {
+          return nullptr;
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      return nullptr;
+    }
+  }
+  return base;
+}
+
+Node* InlineTypeNode::tagged_klass(ciInlineKlass* vk, PhaseGVN& gvn) {
+  const TypeKlassPtr* tk = TypeKlassPtr::make(vk);
+  intptr_t bits = tk->get_con();
+  set_nth_bit(bits, 0);
+  return gvn.longcon((jlong)bits);
+}
+
+void InlineTypeNode::pass_fields(GraphKit* kit, Node* n, uint& base_input, bool in, bool null_free, bool root) {
+  if (root) {
+    if (is_allocated(&kit->gvn())) {
+      // Keep the information that 'this' is buffered
+      n->init_req(base_input++, this);
+    } else {
+      n->init_req(base_input++, get_oop());
+    }
+  }
+  if (!null_free && in) {
+    n->init_req(base_input++, get_null_marker());
+  }
+  for (uint i = 0; i < field_count(); i++) {
+    Node* arg = field_value(i);
+    ciField* field = this->field(i);
+    assert(!field->is_flat() || field->type()->is_inlinetype(), "must be an inline type");
+    if (field->is_flat()) {
+      // Flat inline type field
+      arg->as_InlineType()->pass_fields(kit, n, base_input, in);
+      if (!field->is_null_free()) {
+        assert(field->null_marker_offset() != -1, "inconsistency");
+        n->init_req(base_input++, arg->as_InlineType()->get_null_marker());
+      }
+    } else {
+      if (arg->is_InlineType()) {
+        // Non-flat inline type field
+        InlineTypeNode* vt = arg->as_InlineType();
+        assert(n->Opcode() != Op_Return || vt->is_allocated(&kit->gvn()), "inline type field should be allocated on return");
+        arg = vt->buffer(kit);
+      }
+      // Initialize call/return arguments
+      n->init_req(base_input++, arg);
+      if (field->type()->size() == 2) {
+        n->init_req(base_input++, kit->top());
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void InlineTypeNode::initialize_fields(GraphKit* kit, MultiNode* multi, uint& base_input, bool in, bool no_null_marker, Node* null_check_region) {
+  PhaseGVN& gvn = kit->gvn();
+  Node* null_marker = nullptr;
+  if (!no_null_marker) {
+    // Nullable inline type
+    if (in) {
+      // Set null marker
+      if (multi->is_Start()) {
+        null_marker = gvn.transform(new ParmNode(multi->as_Start(), base_input));
+      } else {
+        null_marker = multi->as_Call()->in(base_input);
+      }
+      set_req(NullMarker, null_marker);
+      base_input++;
+    }
+    // Add a null check to make subsequent loads dependent on
+    assert(null_check_region == nullptr, "already set");
+    if (null_marker == nullptr) {
+      // Will only be initialized below, use dummy node for now
+      null_marker = new Node(1);
+      null_marker->init_req(0, kit->control()); // Add an input to prevent dummy from being dead
+      gvn.set_type_bottom(null_marker);
+    }
+    Node* null_ctrl = kit->top();
+    kit->null_check_common(null_marker, T_INT, false, &null_ctrl);
+    Node* non_null_ctrl = kit->control();
+    null_check_region = new RegionNode(3);
+    null_check_region->init_req(1, non_null_ctrl);
+    null_check_region->init_req(2, null_ctrl);
+    null_check_region = gvn.transform(null_check_region);
+    kit->set_control(null_check_region);
+  }
+
+  for (uint i = 0; i < field_count(); ++i) {
+    ciField* field = this->field(i);
+    ciType* type = field->type();
+    Node* parm = nullptr;
+    assert(!field->is_flat() || field->type()->is_inlinetype(), "must be an inline type");
+    if (field->is_flat()) {
+      // Flat inline type field
+      InlineTypeNode* vt = make_uninitialized(gvn, type->as_inline_klass(), field->is_null_free());
+      vt->initialize_fields(kit, multi, base_input, in, true, null_check_region);
+      if (!field->is_null_free()) {
+        assert(field->null_marker_offset() != -1, "inconsistency");
+        Node* null_marker_field_vt = nullptr;
+        if (multi->is_Start()) {
+          null_marker_field_vt = gvn.transform(new ParmNode(multi->as_Start(), base_input));
+        } else if (in) {
+          null_marker_field_vt = multi->as_Call()->in(base_input);
+        } else {
+          null_marker_field_vt = gvn.transform(new ProjNode(multi->as_Call(), base_input));
+        }
+        vt->set_req(NullMarker, null_marker_field_vt);
+        base_input++;
+      }
+      parm = gvn.transform(vt);
+    } else {
+      if (multi->is_Start()) {
+        assert(in, "return from start?");
+        parm = gvn.transform(new ParmNode(multi->as_Start(), base_input));
+      } else if (in) {
+        parm = multi->as_Call()->in(base_input);
+      } else {
+        parm = gvn.transform(new ProjNode(multi->as_Call(), base_input));
+      }
+      base_input += type->size();
+    }
+    assert(parm != nullptr, "should never be null");
+    assert(field_value(i) == nullptr, "already set");
+    set_field_value(i, parm);
+    gvn.record_for_igvn(parm);
+  }
+  // The last argument is used to pass the null marker to compiled code
+  if (!no_null_marker && !in) {
+    Node* cmp = null_marker->raw_out(0);
+    null_marker = gvn.transform(new ProjNode(multi->as_Call(), base_input));
+    set_req(NullMarker, null_marker);
+    gvn.hash_delete(cmp);
+    cmp->set_req(1, null_marker);
+    gvn.hash_find_insert(cmp);
+    gvn.record_for_igvn(cmp);
+    base_input++;
+  }
+}
+
+// Search for multiple allocations of this inline type and try to replace them by dominating allocations.
+// Equivalent InlineTypeNodes are merged by GVN, so we just need to search for AllocateNode users to find redundant allocations.
+void InlineTypeNode::remove_redundant_allocations(PhaseIdealLoop* phase) const {
+  PhaseIterGVN* igvn = &phase->igvn();
+  // Search for allocations of this inline type. Ignore scalar replaceable ones, they
+  // will be removed anyway and changing the memory chain will confuse other optimizations.
+  for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = fast_outs(imax); i < imax; i++) {
+    AllocateNode* alloc = fast_out(i)->isa_Allocate();
+    if (alloc != nullptr && alloc->in(AllocateNode::InlineType) == this && !alloc->_is_scalar_replaceable) {
+      Node* res = alloc->result_cast();
+      if (res == nullptr || !res->is_CheckCastPP()) {
+        break; // No unique CheckCastPP
+      }
+      // Search for a dominating allocation of the same inline type
+      Node* res_dom = res;
+      for (DUIterator_Fast jmax, j = fast_outs(jmax); j < jmax; j++) {
+        AllocateNode* alloc_other = fast_out(j)->isa_Allocate();
+        if (alloc_other != nullptr && alloc_other->in(AllocateNode::InlineType) == this && !alloc_other->_is_scalar_replaceable) {
+          Node* res_other = alloc_other->result_cast();
+          if (res_other != nullptr && res_other->is_CheckCastPP() && res_other != res_dom &&
+              phase->is_dominator(res_other->in(0), res_dom->in(0))) {
+            res_dom = res_other;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      if (res_dom != res) {
+        // Replace allocation by dominating one.
+        replace_allocation(igvn, res, res_dom);
+        // The result of the dominated allocation is now unused and will be removed
+        // later in PhaseMacroExpand::eliminate_allocate_node to not confuse loop opts.
+        igvn->_worklist.push(alloc);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+InlineTypeNode* InlineTypeNode::make_null(PhaseGVN& gvn, ciInlineKlass* vk, bool transform) {
+  return make_null_impl(gvn, vk, transform);
+}
+
+InlineTypeNode* InlineTypeNode::make_null_impl(PhaseGVN& gvn, ciInlineKlass* vk, bool transform) {
+  InlineTypeNode* vt = new InlineTypeNode(vk, gvn.zerocon(T_OBJECT), /* null_free= */ false);
+  vt->set_is_buffered(gvn);
+  vt->set_null_marker(gvn, gvn.intcon(0));
+  for (uint i = 0; i < vt->field_count(); i++) {
+    ciField* field = vt->field(i);
+    ciType* ft = field->type();
+    Node* value;
+    if (field->is_flat()) {
+      value = make_null_impl(gvn, ft->as_inline_klass());
+    } else {
+      value = gvn.zerocon(ft->basic_type());
+    }
+    vt->set_field_value(i, value);
+  }
+  return transform ? gvn.transform(vt)->as_InlineType() : vt;
+}
+
+InlineTypeNode* InlineTypeNode::clone_if_required(PhaseGVN* gvn, SafePointNode* map, bool safe_for_replace) {
+  if (!safe_for_replace || (map == nullptr && outcnt() != 0)) {
+    return clone()->as_InlineType();
+  }
+  for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = fast_outs(imax); i < imax; i++) {
+    if (fast_out(i) != map) {
+      return clone()->as_InlineType();
+    }
+  }
+  gvn->hash_delete(this);
+  return this;
+}
+
+const Type* InlineTypeNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
+  Node* oop = get_oop();
+  const Type* toop = phase->type(oop);
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  if (oop->is_Con() && toop->is_zero_type() && _type->isa_oopptr()->is_known_instance()) {
+    // We are not allocated (anymore) and should therefore not have an instance id
+    dump(1);
+    assert(false, "Unbuffered inline type should not have known instance id");
+  }
+#endif
+  if (toop == Type::TOP) {
+    return Type::TOP;
+  }
+  const Type* t = toop->filter_speculative(_type);
+  // Because of contradicting type profiling, we can end up with top as speculative type,
+  // which would then get removed by cleanup_speculative. In this case we have to run filter_speculative
+  // again, otherwise we would break the idempotence of Value
+  if (t->speculative() == nullptr && toop->speculative() != nullptr) {
+    t = toop->filter_speculative(t);
+  }
+  if (t->singleton()) {
+    // Don't replace InlineType by a constant
+    t = _type;
+  }
+  const Type* tinit = phase->type(in(NullMarker));
+  if (tinit == Type::TOP) {
+    return Type::TOP;
+  }
+  if (tinit->isa_int() && tinit->is_int()->is_con(1)) {
+    t = t->join_speculative(TypePtr::NOTNULL);
+  }
+  return t;
+}
+
+InlineTypeNode* LoadFlatNode::load(GraphKit* kit, ciInlineKlass* vk, Node* base, Node* ptr, bool null_free, bool trust_null_free_oop, DecoratorSet decorators) {
+  int output_type_size = vk->nof_nonstatic_fields() + (null_free ? 0 : 1);
+  const Type** output_types = TypeTuple::fields(output_type_size);
+  collect_field_types(vk, output_types + TypeFunc::Parms, 0, output_type_size, null_free, trust_null_free_oop);
+  const TypeTuple* type = TypeTuple::make(output_type_size + TypeFunc::Parms, output_types);
+
+  LoadFlatNode* load = new LoadFlatNode(vk, type, null_free, decorators);
+  load->init_req(TypeFunc::Control, kit->control());
+  load->init_req(TypeFunc::I_O, kit->top());
+  load->init_req(TypeFunc::Memory, kit->reset_memory());
+  load->init_req(TypeFunc::FramePtr, kit->frameptr());
+  load->init_req(TypeFunc::ReturnAdr, kit->top());
+
+  load->init_req(TypeFunc::Parms, base);
+  load->init_req(TypeFunc::Parms + 1, ptr);
+  kit->kill_dead_locals();
+  kit->add_safepoint_edges(load);
+  load = kit->gvn().transform(load)->as_LoadFlat();
+  kit->record_for_igvn(load);
+
+  kit->set_control(kit->gvn().transform(new ProjNode(load, TypeFunc::Control)));
+  kit->set_all_memory(kit->gvn().transform(new ProjNode(load, TypeFunc::Memory)));
+  return load->collect_projs(kit, vk, TypeFunc::Parms, null_free);
+}
+
+bool LoadFlatNode::expand_constant(PhaseIterGVN& igvn, ciInstance* inst) const {
+  precond(inst != nullptr);
+  assert(igvn.delay_transform(), "transformation must be delayed");
+  if ((_decorators & C2_MISMATCHED) != 0) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  GraphKit kit(this, igvn);
+  for (int i = 0; i < _vk->nof_nonstatic_fields(); i++) {
+    ProjNode* proj_out = proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Parms + i);
+    if (proj_out == nullptr) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    ciField* field = _vk->nonstatic_field_at(i);
+    BasicType bt = field->type()->basic_type();
+    if (inst == nullptr) {
+      Node* cst_node = igvn.zerocon(bt);
+      igvn.replace_node(proj_out, cst_node);
+    } else {
+      bool is_unsigned_load = bt == T_BOOLEAN || bt == T_CHAR;
+      const Type* cst_type = Type::make_constant_from_field(field, inst, bt, is_unsigned_load);
+      Node* cst_node = igvn.makecon(cst_type);
+      igvn.replace_node(proj_out, cst_node);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!_null_free) {
+    ProjNode* proj_out = proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Parms + _vk->nof_nonstatic_fields());
+    if (proj_out != nullptr) {
+      igvn.replace_node(proj_out, igvn.intcon(1));
+    }
+  }
+
+  Node* old_ctrl = proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Control);
+  if (old_ctrl != nullptr) {
+    igvn.replace_node(old_ctrl, kit.control());
+  }
+  Node* old_mem = proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Memory);
+  Node* new_mem = kit.reset_memory();
+  if (old_mem != nullptr) {
+    igvn.replace_node(old_mem, new_mem);
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool LoadFlatNode::expand_non_atomic(PhaseIterGVN& igvn) const {
+  assert(igvn.delay_transform(), "transformation must be delayed");
+  if ((_decorators & C2_MISMATCHED) != 0) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  GraphKit kit(this, igvn);
+  Node* base = this->base();
+  Node* ptr = this->ptr();
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < _vk->nof_nonstatic_fields(); i++) {
+    ProjNode* proj_out = proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Parms + i);
+    if (proj_out == nullptr) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    ciField* field = _vk->nonstatic_field_at(i);
+    Node* field_ptr = kit.basic_plus_adr(base, ptr, field->offset_in_bytes() - _vk->payload_offset());
+    const TypePtr* field_ptr_type = field_ptr->Value(&igvn)->is_ptr();
+    igvn.set_type(field_ptr, field_ptr_type);
+
+    Node* field_value = kit.access_load_at(base, field_ptr, field_ptr_type, igvn.type(proj_out), field->type()->basic_type(), _decorators);
+    igvn.replace_node(proj_out, field_value);
+  }
+
+  if (!_null_free) {
+    ProjNode* proj_out = proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Parms + _vk->nof_nonstatic_fields());
+    if (proj_out != nullptr) {
+      Node* null_marker_ptr = kit.basic_plus_adr(base, ptr, _vk->null_marker_offset_in_payload());
+      const TypePtr* null_marker_ptr_type = null_marker_ptr->Value(&igvn)->is_ptr();
+      igvn.set_type(null_marker_ptr, null_marker_ptr_type);
+      Node* null_marker_value = kit.access_load_at(base, null_marker_ptr, null_marker_ptr_type, TypeInt::BOOL, T_BOOLEAN, _decorators);
+      igvn.replace_node(proj_out, null_marker_value);
+    }
+  }
+
+  Node* old_ctrl = proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Control);
+  if (old_ctrl != nullptr) {
+    igvn.replace_node(old_ctrl, kit.control());
+  }
+  Node* old_mem = proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Memory);
+  Node* new_mem = kit.reset_memory();
+  if (old_mem != nullptr) {
+    igvn.replace_node(old_mem, new_mem);
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+void LoadFlatNode::expand_atomic(PhaseIterGVN& igvn) const {
+  assert(igvn.delay_transform(), "transformation must be delayed");
+  GraphKit kit(this, igvn);
+  Node* base = this->base();
+  Node* ptr = this->ptr();
+
+  BasicType payload_bt = _vk->atomic_size_to_basic_type(_null_free);
+  kit.insert_mem_bar(Op_MemBarCPUOrder);
+  Node* payload = kit.access_load_at(base, ptr, TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM, Type::get_const_basic_type(payload_bt), payload_bt,
+                                     _decorators | C2_MISMATCHED | C2_CONTROL_DEPENDENT_LOAD | C2_UNKNOWN_CONTROL_LOAD, kit.control());
+  kit.insert_mem_bar(Op_MemBarCPUOrder);
+
+  Node* old_ctrl = proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Control);
+  if (old_ctrl != nullptr) {
+    igvn.replace_node(old_ctrl, kit.control());
+  }
+  Node* old_mem = proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Memory);
+  Node* new_mem = kit.reset_memory();
+  if (old_mem != nullptr) {
+    igvn.replace_node(old_mem, new_mem);
+  }
+
+  expand_projs_atomic(igvn, kit.control(), payload);
+}
+
+void LoadFlatNode::collect_field_types(ciInlineKlass* vk, const Type** field_types, int idx, int limit, bool null_free, bool trust_null_free_oop) {
+  assert(null_free || !trust_null_free_oop, "cannot trust null-free oop when the holder object is not null-free");
+  for (int i = 0; i < vk->nof_declared_nonstatic_fields(); i++) {
+    ciField* field = vk->declared_nonstatic_field_at(i);
+    if (field->is_flat()) {
+      ciInlineKlass* field_klass = field->type()->as_inline_klass();
+      collect_field_types(field_klass, field_types, idx, limit, field->is_null_free(), trust_null_free_oop && field->is_null_free());
+      idx += field_klass->nof_nonstatic_fields() + (field->is_null_free() ? 0 : 1);
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    const Type* field_type = Type::get_const_type(field->type());
+    if (trust_null_free_oop && field->is_null_free()) {
+      field_type = field_type->filter(TypePtr::NOTNULL);
+    }
+
+    assert(idx >= 0 && idx < limit, "field type out of bounds, %d - %d", idx, limit);
+    field_types[idx] = field_type;
+    idx++;
+  }
+
+  if (!null_free) {
+    assert(idx >= 0 && idx < limit, "field type out of bounds, %d - %d", idx, limit);
+    field_types[idx] = TypeInt::BOOL;
+  }
+}
+
+// Create an InlineTypeNode from a LoadFlatNode with its fields being extracted from the
+// LoadFlatNode
+InlineTypeNode* LoadFlatNode::collect_projs(GraphKit* kit, ciInlineKlass* vk, int proj_con, bool null_free) {
+  PhaseGVN& gvn = kit->gvn();
+  InlineTypeNode* res = InlineTypeNode::make_uninitialized(gvn, vk, null_free);
+  for (int i = 0; i < vk->nof_declared_nonstatic_fields(); i++) {
+    ciField* field = vk->declared_nonstatic_field_at(i);
+    Node* field_value;
+    if (field->is_flat()) {
+      ciInlineKlass* field_klass = field->type()->as_inline_klass();
+      field_value = collect_projs(kit, field_klass, proj_con, field->is_null_free());
+      proj_con += field_klass->nof_nonstatic_fields() + (field->is_null_free() ? 0 : 1);
+    } else {
+      field_value = gvn.transform(new ProjNode(this, proj_con));
+      proj_con++;
+    }
+    res->set_field_value(i, field_value);
+  }
+
+  if (null_free) {
+    res->set_null_marker(gvn);
+  } else {
+    res->set_null_marker(gvn, gvn.transform(new ProjNode(this, proj_con)));
+  }
+  return gvn.transform(res)->as_InlineType();
+}
+
+// Extract the values of the flattened fields from the loaded payload
+void LoadFlatNode::expand_projs_atomic(PhaseIterGVN& igvn, Node* ctrl, Node* payload) const {
+  BasicType payload_bt = _vk->atomic_size_to_basic_type(_null_free);
+  for (int i = 0; i < _vk->nof_nonstatic_fields(); i++) {
+    ProjNode* proj_out = proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Parms + i);
+    if (proj_out == nullptr) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    ciField* field = _vk->nonstatic_field_at(i);
+    int field_offset = field->offset_in_bytes() - _vk->payload_offset();
+    const Type* field_type = igvn.type(proj_out);
+    Node* field_value = get_payload_value(igvn, ctrl, payload_bt, payload, field_type, field->type()->basic_type(), field_offset);
+    igvn.replace_node(proj_out, field_value);
+  }
+
+  if (!_null_free) {
+    ProjNode* proj_out = proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Parms + _vk->nof_nonstatic_fields());
+    if (proj_out == nullptr) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    int null_marker_offset = _vk->null_marker_offset_in_payload();
+    Node* null_marker_value = get_payload_value(igvn, ctrl, payload_bt, payload, TypeInt::BOOL, T_BOOLEAN, null_marker_offset);
+    igvn.replace_node(proj_out, null_marker_value);
+  }
+}
+
+Node* LoadFlatNode::get_payload_value(PhaseIterGVN& igvn, Node* ctrl, BasicType payload_bt, Node* payload, const Type* value_type, BasicType value_bt, int offset) {
+  assert((offset + type2aelembytes(value_bt)) <= type2aelembytes(payload_bt), "Value does not fit into payload");
+  Node* value = nullptr;
+  // Shift to the right position in the long value
+  Node* shift_val = igvn.intcon(offset << LogBitsPerByte);
+  if (payload_bt == T_LONG) {
+    value = igvn.transform(new URShiftLNode(payload, shift_val));
+    value = igvn.transform(new ConvL2INode(value));
+  } else {
+    value = igvn.transform(new URShiftINode(payload, shift_val));
+  }
+
+  if (value_bt == T_INT) {
+    return value;
+  } else if (!is_java_primitive(value_bt)) {
+    assert(UseCompressedOops && payload_bt == T_LONG, "Naturally atomic");
+    value = igvn.transform(new CastI2NNode(ctrl, value, value_type->make_narrowoop()));
+    value = igvn.transform(new DecodeNNode(value, value_type));
+
+    // Similar to CheckCastPP nodes with raw input, CastI2N nodes require special handling in 'PhaseCFG::schedule_late' to ensure the
+    // register allocator does not move the CastI2N below a safepoint. This is necessary to avoid having the raw pointer span a safepoint,
+    // making it opaque to the GC. Unlike CheckCastPPs, which need extra handling in 'Scheduling::ComputeRegisterAntidependencies' due to
+    // scalarization, CastI2N nodes are always used by a load if scalarization happens which inherently keeps them pinned above the safepoint.
+    return value;
+  } else {
+    // Make sure to zero unused bits in the 32-bit value
+    return Compile::narrow_value(value_bt, value, value_type, &igvn, true);
+  }
+}
+
+void StoreFlatNode::store(GraphKit* kit, Node* base, Node* ptr, InlineTypeNode* value, bool null_free, DecoratorSet decorators) {
+  value = value->allocate_fields(kit);
+  StoreFlatNode* store = new StoreFlatNode(null_free, decorators);
+  store->init_req(TypeFunc::Control, kit->control());
+  store->init_req(TypeFunc::I_O, kit->top());
+  store->init_req(TypeFunc::Memory, kit->reset_memory());
+  store->init_req(TypeFunc::FramePtr, kit->frameptr());
+  store->init_req(TypeFunc::ReturnAdr, kit->top());
+
+  store->init_req(TypeFunc::Parms, base);
+  store->init_req(TypeFunc::Parms + 1, ptr);
+  store->init_req(TypeFunc::Parms + 2, value);
+  kit->kill_dead_locals();
+  kit->add_safepoint_edges(store);
+  store = kit->gvn().transform(store)->as_StoreFlat();
+  kit->record_for_igvn(store);
+
+  kit->set_control(kit->gvn().transform(new ProjNode(store, TypeFunc::Control)));
+  kit->set_all_memory(kit->gvn().transform(new ProjNode(store, TypeFunc::Memory)));
+}
+
+bool StoreFlatNode::expand_non_atomic(PhaseIterGVN& igvn) const {
+  assert(igvn.delay_transform(), "transformation must be delayed");
+  if ((_decorators & C2_MISMATCHED) != 0) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  GraphKit kit(this, igvn);
+  Node* base = this->base();
+  Node* ptr = this->ptr();
+  InlineTypeNode* value = this->value();
+
+  ciInlineKlass* vk = igvn.type(value)->inline_klass();
+  for (int i = 0; i < vk->nof_nonstatic_fields(); i++) {
+    ciField* field = vk->nonstatic_field_at(i);
+    Node* field_ptr = kit.basic_plus_adr(base, ptr, field->offset_in_bytes() - vk->payload_offset());
+    const TypePtr* field_ptr_type = field_ptr->Value(&igvn)->is_ptr();
+    igvn.set_type(field_ptr, field_ptr_type);
+    Node* field_value = value->field_value_by_offset(field->offset_in_bytes(), true);
+    kit.access_store_at(base, field_ptr, field_ptr_type, field_value, igvn.type(field_value), field->type()->basic_type(), _decorators);
+  }
+
+  if (!_null_free) {
+    Node* null_marker_ptr = kit.basic_plus_adr(base, ptr, vk->null_marker_offset_in_payload());
+    const TypePtr* null_marker_ptr_type = null_marker_ptr->Value(&igvn)->is_ptr();
+    igvn.set_type(null_marker_ptr, null_marker_ptr_type);
+    Node* null_marker_value = value->get_null_marker();
+    kit.access_store_at(base, null_marker_ptr, null_marker_ptr_type, null_marker_value, TypeInt::BOOL, T_BOOLEAN, _decorators);
+  }
+
+  Node* old_ctrl = proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Control);
+  if (old_ctrl != nullptr) {
+    igvn.replace_node(old_ctrl, kit.control());
+  }
+  Node* old_mem = proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Memory);
+  Node* new_mem = kit.reset_memory();
+  if (old_mem != nullptr) {
+    igvn.replace_node(old_mem, new_mem);
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+void StoreFlatNode::expand_atomic(PhaseIterGVN& igvn) const {
+  // Convert to a payload value <= 64-bit and write atomically.
+  // The payload might contain at most two oop fields that must be narrow because otherwise they would be 64-bit
+  // in size and would then be written by a "normal" oop store. If the payload contains oops, its size is always
+  // 64-bit because the next smaller (power-of-two) size would be 32-bit which could only hold one narrow oop that
+  // would then be written by a normal narrow oop store. These properties are asserted in 'convert_to_payload'.
+  assert(igvn.delay_transform(), "transformation must be delayed");
+  GraphKit kit(this, igvn);
+  Node* base = this->base();
+  Node* ptr = this->ptr();
+  InlineTypeNode* value = this->value();
+
+  int oop_off_1 = -1;
+  int oop_off_2 = -1;
+  Node* payload = convert_to_payload(igvn, kit.control(), value, _null_free, oop_off_1, oop_off_2);
+
+  ciInlineKlass* vk = igvn.type(value)->inline_klass();
+  assert(oop_off_1 == -1 || oop_off_1 == 0 || oop_off_1 == 4, "invalid layout for %s, first oop at offset %d", vk->name()->as_utf8(), oop_off_1);
+  assert(oop_off_2 == -1 || oop_off_2 == 4, "invalid layout for %s, second oop at offset %d", vk->name()->as_utf8(), oop_off_2);
+  BasicType payload_bt = vk->atomic_size_to_basic_type(_null_free);
+  kit.insert_mem_bar(Op_MemBarCPUOrder);
+  if (!UseG1GC || oop_off_1 == -1) {
+    // No oop fields or no late barrier expansion. Emit an atomic store of the payload and add GC barriers if needed.
+    assert(oop_off_2 == -1 || !UseG1GC, "sanity");
+    // ZGC does not support compressed oops, so only one oop can be in the payload which is written by a "normal" oop store.
+    assert((oop_off_1 == -1 && oop_off_2 == -1) || !UseZGC, "ZGC does not support embedded oops in flat fields");
+    kit.access_store_at(base, ptr, TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM, payload, Type::get_const_basic_type(payload_bt), payload_bt, _decorators | C2_MISMATCHED, true, value);
+  } else {
+    // Contains oops and requires late barrier expansion. Emit a special store node that allows to emit GC barriers in the backend.
+    assert(UseG1GC, "Unexpected GC");
+    assert(payload_bt == T_LONG, "Unexpected payload type");
+    // If one oop, set the offset (if no offset is set, two oops are assumed by the backend)
+    Node* oop_offset = (oop_off_2 == -1) ? igvn.intcon(oop_off_1) : nullptr;
+    Node* mem = kit.reset_memory();
+    kit.set_all_memory(mem);
+    Node* store = igvn.transform(new StoreLSpecialNode(kit.control(), mem, ptr, TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM, payload, oop_offset, MemNode::unordered));
+    kit.set_memory(store, TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM);
+  }
+  kit.insert_mem_bar(Op_MemBarCPUOrder);
+
+  Node* old_ctrl = proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Control);
+  if (old_ctrl != nullptr) {
+    igvn.replace_node(old_ctrl, kit.control());
+  }
+  Node* old_mem = proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Memory);
+  Node* new_mem = kit.reset_memory();
+  if (old_mem != nullptr) {
+    igvn.replace_node(old_mem, new_mem);
+  }
+}
+
+// Convert the field values to a payload value of type 'bt'
+Node* StoreFlatNode::convert_to_payload(PhaseIterGVN& igvn, Node* ctrl, InlineTypeNode* value, bool null_free, int& oop_off_1, int& oop_off_2) {
+  ciInlineKlass* vk = igvn.type(value)->inline_klass();
+  BasicType payload_bt = vk->atomic_size_to_basic_type(null_free);
+  Node* payload = igvn.zerocon(payload_bt);
+  if (!null_free) {
+    // Set the null marker
+    payload = set_payload_value(igvn, payload_bt, payload, T_BOOLEAN, value->get_null_marker(), vk->null_marker_offset_in_payload());
+  }
+
+  // Iterate over the fields and add their values to the payload
+  for (int i = 0; i < vk->nof_nonstatic_fields(); i++) {
+    ciField* field = vk->nonstatic_field_at(i);
+    Node* field_value = value->field_value_by_offset(field->offset_in_bytes(), true);
+    ciType* field_klass = field->type();
+    BasicType field_bt = field_klass->basic_type();
+    int field_offset_in_payload = field->offset_in_bytes() - vk->payload_offset();
+    if (!field_klass->is_primitive_type()) {
+      // Narrow oop field
+      assert(UseCompressedOops && payload_bt == T_LONG, "Naturally atomic");
+      if (oop_off_1 == -1) {
+        oop_off_1 = field_offset_in_payload;
+      } else {
+        assert(oop_off_2 == -1, "already set");
+        oop_off_2 = field_offset_in_payload;
+      }
+
+      const Type* val_type = Type::get_const_type(field_klass)->make_narrowoop();
+      if (field_value->is_InlineType()) {
+        assert(field_value->as_InlineType()->is_allocated(&igvn), "must be allocated");
+      }
+
+      field_value = igvn.transform(new EncodePNode(field_value, val_type));
+      field_value = igvn.transform(new CastP2XNode(ctrl, field_value));
+      field_value = igvn.transform(new ConvL2INode(field_value));
+      field_bt = T_INT;
+    }
+    payload = set_payload_value(igvn, payload_bt, payload, field_bt, field_value, field_offset_in_payload);
+  }
+
+  return payload;
+}
+
+Node* StoreFlatNode::set_payload_value(PhaseIterGVN& igvn, BasicType payload_bt, Node* payload, BasicType val_bt, Node* value, int offset) {
+  assert((offset + type2aelembytes(val_bt)) <= type2aelembytes(payload_bt), "Value does not fit into payload");
+
+  // Make sure to zero unused bits in the 32-bit value
+  if (val_bt == T_BYTE || val_bt == T_BOOLEAN) {
+    value = igvn.transform(new AndINode(value, igvn.intcon(0xFF)));
+  } else if (val_bt == T_CHAR || val_bt == T_SHORT) {
+    value = igvn.transform(new AndINode(value, igvn.intcon(0xFFFF)));
+  } else if (val_bt == T_FLOAT) {
+    value = igvn.transform(new MoveF2INode(value));
+  } else {
+    assert(val_bt == T_INT, "Unsupported type: %s", type2name(val_bt));
+  }
+
+  Node* shift_val = igvn.intcon(offset << LogBitsPerByte);
+  if (payload_bt == T_LONG) {
+    // Convert to long and remove the sign bit (the backend will fold this and emit a zero extend i2l)
+    value = igvn.transform(new ConvI2LNode(value));
+    value = igvn.transform(new AndLNode(value, igvn.longcon(0xFFFFFFFF)));
+
+    Node* shift_value = igvn.transform(new LShiftLNode(value, shift_val));
+    payload = new OrLNode(shift_value, payload);
+  } else {
+    Node* shift_value = igvn.transform(new LShiftINode(value, shift_val));
+    payload = new OrINode(shift_value, payload);
+  }
+  return igvn.transform(payload);
+}
+
+const Type* LoadFlatNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
+  if (phase->type(in(TypeFunc::Control)) == Type::TOP || phase->type(in(TypeFunc::Memory)) == Type::TOP ||
+      phase->type(base()) == Type::TOP || phase->type(ptr()) == Type::TOP) {
+    return Type::TOP;
+  }
+  return bottom_type();
+}
+
+const Type* StoreFlatNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
+  if (phase->type(in(TypeFunc::Control)) == Type::TOP || phase->type(in(TypeFunc::Memory)) == Type::TOP ||
+      phase->type(base()) == Type::TOP || phase->type(ptr()) == Type::TOP || phase->type(value()) == Type::TOP) {
+    return Type::TOP;
+  }
+  return bottom_type();
+}
+
+bool LoadFlatNode::is_mismatched() const {
+  return (_decorators & C2_MISMATCHED) != 0;
+}
+
+bool StoreFlatNode::is_mismatched() const {
+  return (_decorators & C2_MISMATCHED) != 0;
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..af19c5a5535
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_VM_OPTO_INLINETYPENODE_HPP
+#define SHARE_VM_OPTO_INLINETYPENODE_HPP
+
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/accessDecorators.hpp"
+#include "opto/callnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/compile.hpp"
+#include "opto/loopnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/node.hpp"
+
+class GraphKit;
+
+//------------------------------InlineTypeNode-------------------------------------
+// Node representing an inline type in C2 IR
+class InlineTypeNode : public TypeNode {
+private:
+  InlineTypeNode(ciInlineKlass* vk, Node* oop, bool null_free)
+      : TypeNode(TypeInstPtr::make(null_free ? TypePtr::NotNull : TypePtr::BotPTR, vk), Values + vk->nof_declared_nonstatic_fields()) {
+    init_class_id(Class_InlineType);
+    init_req(Oop, oop);
+    Compile::current()->add_inline_type(this);
+  }
+
+  enum { Control,    // Control input.
+         Oop,        // Oop to heap allocated buffer.
+         IsBuffered, // True if inline type is heap allocated (or nullptr), false otherwise.
+         NullMarker, // Needs to be checked before using the field values.
+                     // 0 => InlineType is null
+                     // 1 => InlineType is non-null
+                     // Can be dynamic value, not necessarily statically known
+         Values      // Nodes corresponding to values of the inline type's fields.
+                     // Nodes are connected in increasing order of the index of the field they correspond to.
+  };
+
+  // Get the klass defining the field layout of the inline type
+  ciInlineKlass* inline_klass() const { return type()->inline_klass(); }
+
+  void make_scalar_in_safepoint(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Unique_Node_List& worklist, SafePointNode* sfpt) const;
+  uint add_fields_to_safepoint(Unique_Node_List& worklist, SafePointNode* sfpt) const;
+
+  // Checks if the inline type is loaded from memory and if so returns the oop
+  Node* is_loaded(PhaseGVN* phase, ciInlineKlass* vk = nullptr, Node* base = nullptr, int holder_offset = 0) const;
+
+  // Initialize the inline type fields with the inputs or outputs of a MultiNode
+  void initialize_fields(GraphKit* kit, MultiNode* multi, uint& base_input, bool in, bool no_null_marker, Node* null_check_region);
+  // Initialize the inline type by loading its field values from memory
+  void load(GraphKit* kit, Node* base, Node* ptr, bool immutable_memory, bool trust_null_free_oop, DecoratorSet decorators);
+  // Store the field values to memory
+  void store(GraphKit* kit, Node* base, Node* ptr, bool immutable_memory, DecoratorSet decorators) const;
+
+  static InlineTypeNode* make_all_zero_impl(PhaseGVN& gvn, ciInlineKlass* vk);
+  static InlineTypeNode* make_from_oop_impl(GraphKit* kit, Node* oop, ciInlineKlass* vk);
+  static InlineTypeNode* make_null_impl(PhaseGVN& gvn, ciInlineKlass* vk, bool transform = true);
+  static InlineTypeNode* make_from_flat_impl(GraphKit* kit, ciInlineKlass* vk, Node* base, Node* ptr, bool atomic, bool immutable_memory,
+                                             bool null_free, bool trust_null_free_oop, DecoratorSet decorators);
+
+public:
+  // Create with all-zero field values
+  static InlineTypeNode* make_all_zero(PhaseGVN& gvn, ciInlineKlass* vk);
+  // Create uninitialized
+  static InlineTypeNode* make_uninitialized(PhaseGVN& gvn, ciInlineKlass* vk, bool null_free = true);
+  // Create and initialize by loading the field values from an oop
+  static InlineTypeNode* make_from_oop(GraphKit* kit, Node* oop, ciInlineKlass* vk);
+  // Create and initialize by loading the field values from a flat field or array
+  static InlineTypeNode* make_from_flat(GraphKit* kit, ciInlineKlass* vk, Node* base, Node* ptr,
+                                        bool atomic, bool immutable_memory, bool null_free, DecoratorSet decorators);
+  static InlineTypeNode* make_from_flat_array(GraphKit* kit, ciInlineKlass* vk, Node* base, Node* idx);
+  // Create and initialize with the inputs or outputs of a MultiNode (method entry or call)
+  static InlineTypeNode* make_from_multi(GraphKit* kit, MultiNode* multi, ciInlineKlass* vk, uint& base_input, bool in, bool null_free = true);
+  // Create with null field values
+  static InlineTypeNode* make_null(PhaseGVN& gvn, ciInlineKlass* vk, bool transform = true);
+
+  // Support for control flow merges
+  bool has_phi_inputs(Node* region) const;
+  InlineTypeNode* clone_with_phis(PhaseGVN* gvn, Node* region, SafePointNode* map = nullptr, bool is_non_null = false, bool init_with_top = false);
+  InlineTypeNode* merge_with(PhaseGVN* gvn, const InlineTypeNode* other, int phi_index, bool transform);
+  void add_new_path(Node* region) const;
+
+  // Get oop for heap allocated inline type (may be TypePtr::NULL_PTR)
+  Node* get_oop() const    { return in(Oop); }
+  void  set_oop(PhaseGVN& gvn, Node* oop) { set_req_X(Oop, oop, &gvn); }
+  Node* get_null_marker() const { return in(NullMarker); }
+  void  set_null_marker(PhaseGVN& gvn, Node* init) { set_req_X(NullMarker, init, &gvn); }
+  void  set_null_marker(PhaseGVN& gvn) { set_null_marker(gvn, gvn.intcon(1)); }
+  Node* get_is_buffered() const { return in(IsBuffered); }
+  void  set_is_buffered(PhaseGVN& gvn, bool buffered = true) { set_req_X(IsBuffered, gvn.intcon(buffered ? 1 : 0), &gvn); }
+
+  // Checks if the inline type fields are all set to zero
+  bool is_all_zero(PhaseGVN* gvn, bool flat = false) const;
+
+  // Inline type fields
+  uint          field_count() const { return req() - Values; }
+  ciField*      field(uint index) const;
+  Node*         field_value(uint index) const;
+  Node*         field_value_by_offset(int offset, bool recursive) const;
+  void      set_field_value(uint index, Node* value);
+  void      set_field_value_by_offset(int offset, Node* value);
+  uint          field_index(int offset) const;
+
+  // Replace InlineTypeNodes in debug info at safepoints with SafePointScalarObjectNodes
+  void make_scalar_in_safepoints(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, bool allow_oop = true);
+  // Variant that allows to limit to a single safepoint. If nullptr is given, all safepoint uses will be considered.
+  void make_scalar_in_safepoints(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, bool allow_oop, SafePointNode* safepoint);
+
+  // Store the inline type as a flat (headerless) representation
+  void store_flat(GraphKit* kit, Node* base, Node* ptr, bool atomic, bool immutable_memory, bool null_free, DecoratorSet decorators);
+  // Store the inline type as a flat (headerless) representation into an array
+  void store_flat_array(GraphKit* kit, Node* base, Node* idx);
+
+  // Implementation of the substitutability check for acmp
+  static bool can_emit_substitutability_check(Node* lhs, Node* rhs);
+  static Node* emit_substitutability_check(GraphKit* kit, Node* lhs, Node* rhs);
+
+  // Allocates the inline type (if not yet allocated)
+  InlineTypeNode* buffer(GraphKit* kit, bool safe_for_replace = true);
+  bool is_allocated(PhaseGVN* phase) const;
+
+  void replace_call_results(GraphKit* kit, CallNode* call, Compile* C) const;
+  void replace_field_projs(Compile* C, CallNode* call, uint& proj_idx) const;
+
+  // Allocate all non-flat inline type fields
+  InlineTypeNode* allocate_fields(GraphKit* kit);
+
+  Node* tagged_klass(PhaseGVN& gvn) const {
+    return tagged_klass(inline_klass(), gvn);
+  }
+
+  static Node* tagged_klass(ciInlineKlass* vk, PhaseGVN& gvn);
+  // Pass inline type as fields at a call or return
+  void pass_fields(GraphKit* kit, Node* n, uint& base_input, bool in, bool null_free = true, bool root = false);
+
+  // Allocation optimizations
+  void remove_redundant_allocations(PhaseIdealLoop* phase) const;
+
+  InlineTypeNode* clone_if_required(PhaseGVN* gvn, SafePointNode* map, bool safe_for_replace = true);
+
+  virtual const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const;
+  virtual Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape);
+  virtual int Opcode() const;
+};
+
+// Load from a flat element, the node produces 1 Proj output for each flattened field of the flat
+// element. The order of the Proj node is the same as that of _vk->_nonstatic_fields, and the null
+// marker if existing will be the last Proj output. This node acts as if the load happens
+// atomically and will be expanded to loading the whole payload and extracting the flattened fields
+// from the loaded payload. In special cases, such as when the object from which this load reads
+// does not escape, this node can be expanded to multiple loads from each flattened field.
+// This node allows us to replace its results with the value from a matching store because the
+// payload value cannot be directly propagated if it contains oops. This effect, in turn, allows
+// objects with atomic flat fields to be scalar replaced.
+class LoadFlatNode final : public SafePointNode {
+private:
+  ciInlineKlass* _vk;
+  const TypeTuple* _type;
+  bool _null_free;
+  DecoratorSet _decorators;
+
+  uint size_of() const override { return sizeof(*this); }
+
+public:
+  static InlineTypeNode* load(GraphKit* kit, ciInlineKlass* vk, Node* base, Node* ptr, bool null_free, bool trust_null_free_oop, DecoratorSet decorators);
+  Node* base() const { return in(TypeFunc::Parms); }
+  Node* ptr() const { return in(TypeFunc::Parms + 1); }
+  bool expand_constant(PhaseIterGVN& igvn, ciInstance* inst) const;
+  bool expand_non_atomic(PhaseIterGVN& igvn) const;
+  void expand_atomic(PhaseIterGVN& igvn) const;
+
+  int Opcode() const override;
+  const Type* bottom_type() const override { return _type; }
+  Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) override { return nullptr; }
+  Node* Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) override { return this; }
+  const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const override;
+
+  bool is_mismatched() const;
+
+private:
+  LoadFlatNode(ciInlineKlass* vk, const TypeTuple* type, bool null_free, DecoratorSet decorators)
+    : SafePointNode(TypeFunc::Parms + 2, nullptr, TypePtr::BOTTOM), _vk(vk), _type(type), _null_free(null_free), _decorators(decorators) {
+    init_class_id(Class_LoadFlat);
+    Compile::current()->add_flat_access(this);
+  }
+
+  static void collect_field_types(ciInlineKlass* vk, const Type** field_types, int idx, int limit, bool null_free, bool trust_null_free_oop);
+  InlineTypeNode* collect_projs(GraphKit* kit, ciInlineKlass* vk, int proj_con, bool null_free);
+  void expand_projs_atomic(PhaseIterGVN& gvn, Node* ctrl, Node* payload) const;
+  static Node* get_payload_value(PhaseIterGVN& igvn, Node* ctrl, BasicType payload_bt, Node* payload, const Type* value_type, BasicType value_bt, int offset);
+};
+
+// Store an InlineTypeNode to a flat element, the store acts as if it is atomic. Similar to
+// LoadFlatNode, this node is expanded to storing a payload created from the field values of the
+// InlineTypeNode, and under special circumstances, when there is no racing access to the field,
+// this node can be expanded to multiple stores to each flattened field.
+// The purposes of this node complement those of LoadFlatNode.
+class StoreFlatNode final : public SafePointNode {
+private:
+  bool _null_free;
+  DecoratorSet _decorators;
+
+  uint size_of() const override { return sizeof(*this); }
+
+public:
+  static void store(GraphKit* kit, Node* base, Node* ptr, InlineTypeNode* value, bool null_free, DecoratorSet decorators);
+  Node* base() const { return in(TypeFunc::Parms); }
+  Node* ptr() const { return in(TypeFunc::Parms + 1); }
+  InlineTypeNode* value() const { return in(TypeFunc::Parms + 2)->as_InlineType(); }
+  bool expand_non_atomic(PhaseIterGVN& igvn) const;
+  void expand_atomic(PhaseIterGVN& igvn) const;
+
+  int Opcode() const override;
+  const Type* bottom_type() const override { return TypeTuple::MEMBAR; }
+  Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) override { return nullptr; }
+  Node* Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) override { return this; }
+  const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const override;
+
+  bool is_mismatched() const;
+
+private:
+  StoreFlatNode(bool null_free, DecoratorSet decorators)
+    : SafePointNode(TypeFunc::Parms + 3, nullptr, TypePtr::BOTTOM), _null_free(null_free), _decorators(decorators) {
+    init_class_id(Class_StoreFlat);
+    Compile::current()->add_flat_access(this);
+  }
+
+  static Node* convert_to_payload(PhaseIterGVN& igvn, Node* ctrl, InlineTypeNode* value, bool null_free, int& oop_off_1, int& oop_off_2);
+  static Node* set_payload_value(PhaseIterGVN& igvn, BasicType payload_bt, Node* payload, BasicType val_bt, Node* value, int offset);
+};
+
+#endif // SHARE_VM_OPTO_INLINETYPENODE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/lcm.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/lcm.cpp
index 450d267e821..0d48a670549 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/lcm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/lcm.cpp
@@ -226,6 +226,7 @@ void PhaseCFG::implicit_null_check(Block* block, Node *proj, Node *val, int allo
     case Op_StoreF:
     case Op_StoreI:
     case Op_StoreL:
+    case Op_StoreLSpecial:
     case Op_StoreP:
     case Op_StoreN:
     case Op_StoreNKlass:
@@ -314,9 +315,9 @@ void PhaseCFG::implicit_null_check(Block* block, Node *proj, Node *val, int allo
           tptr = base->bottom_type()->is_ptr();
         }
         // Give up if offset is not a compile-time constant.
-        if (offset == Type::OffsetBot || tptr->_offset == Type::OffsetBot)
+        if (offset == Type::OffsetBot || tptr->offset() == Type::OffsetBot)
           continue;
-        offset += tptr->_offset; // correct if base is offsetted
+        offset += tptr->offset(); // correct if base is offsetted
         // Give up if reference is beyond page size.
         if (MacroAssembler::needs_explicit_null_check(offset))
           continue;
@@ -361,7 +362,11 @@ void PhaseCFG::implicit_null_check(Block* block, Node *proj, Node *val, int allo
         continue;
       }
       // Block of memory-op input
-      Block *inb = get_block_for_node(mach->in(j));
+      Block* inb = get_block_for_node(mach->in(j));
+      if (mach->in(j)->is_Con() && mach->in(j)->req() == 1 && inb == get_block_for_node(mach)) {
+        // Ignore constant loads scheduled in the same block (we can simply hoist them as well)
+        continue;
+      }
       Block *b = block;          // Start from nul check
       while( b != inb && b->_dom_depth > inb->_dom_depth )
         b = b->_idom;           // search upwards for input
@@ -434,6 +439,27 @@ void PhaseCFG::implicit_null_check(Block* block, Node *proj, Node *val, int allo
     }
   }
 
+  // Hoist constant load inputs as well.
+  for (uint i = 1; i < best->req(); ++i) {
+    Node* n = best->in(i);
+    if (n->is_Con() && get_block_for_node(n) == get_block_for_node(best)) {
+      get_block_for_node(n)->find_remove(n);
+      block->add_inst(n);
+      map_node_to_block(n, block);
+      // Constant loads may kill flags (for example, when XORing a register).
+      // Check for flag-killing projections that also need to be hoisted.
+      for (DUIterator_Fast jmax, j = n->fast_outs(jmax); j < jmax; j++) {
+        Node* proj = n->fast_out(j);
+        if (proj->is_MachProj()) {
+          get_block_for_node(proj)->find_remove(proj);
+          block->add_inst(proj);
+          map_node_to_block(proj, block);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+
   // Move any MachTemp inputs to the end of the test block.
   for (uint i = 0; i < best->req(); i++) {
     Node* n = best->in(i);
@@ -742,6 +768,7 @@ void PhaseCFG::adjust_register_pressure(Node* n, Block* block, intptr_t* recalc_
         case Op_StoreF:
         case Op_StoreI:
         case Op_StoreL:
+        case Op_StoreLSpecial:
         case Op_StoreP:
         case Op_StoreN:
         case Op_StoreVector:
@@ -909,7 +936,7 @@ uint PhaseCFG::sched_call(Block* block, uint node_cnt, Node_List& worklist, Grow
   regs.insert(_matcher.c_frame_pointer());
 
   // Set all registers killed and not already defined by the call.
-  uint r_cnt = mcall->tf()->range()->cnt();
+  uint r_cnt = mcall->tf()->range_cc()->cnt();
   int op = mcall->ideal_Opcode();
   MachProjNode* proj = new MachProjNode(mcall, r_cnt + 1, RegMask::EMPTY, MachProjNode::fat_proj);
   map_node_to_block(proj, block);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
index aa467e84dcf..ad0a720c211 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
@@ -23,15 +23,21 @@
  */
 
 #include "asm/macroAssembler.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciFlatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInstanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciSymbols.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciUtilities.inline.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmIntrinsics.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compileBroker.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compileLog.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
+#include "gc/shared/c2/barrierSetC2.hpp"
 #include "jfr/support/jfrIntrinsics.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
+#include "oops/accessDecorators.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/layoutKind.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "opto/addnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/arraycopynode.hpp"
@@ -40,25 +46,31 @@
 #include "opto/cfgnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/convertnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/countbitsnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/graphKit.hpp"
 #include "opto/idealKit.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/library_call.hpp"
 #include "opto/mathexactnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/mulnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/narrowptrnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/opaquenode.hpp"
+#include "opto/opcodes.hpp"
 #include "opto/parse.hpp"
 #include "opto/rootnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/runtime.hpp"
 #include "opto/subnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/type.hpp"
 #include "opto/vectornode.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiThreadState.hpp"
 #include "prims/unsafe.hpp"
+#include "runtime/globals.hpp"
 #include "runtime/jniHandles.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/mountUnmountDisabler.hpp"
 #include "runtime/objectMonitor.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
 
@@ -409,6 +421,9 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::try_to_inline(int predicate) {
   case vmIntrinsics::_putFloatOpaque:           return inline_unsafe_access( is_store, T_FLOAT,    Opaque, false);
   case vmIntrinsics::_putDoubleOpaque:          return inline_unsafe_access( is_store, T_DOUBLE,   Opaque, false);
 
+  case vmIntrinsics::_getFlatValue:             return inline_unsafe_flat_access(!is_store, Relaxed);
+  case vmIntrinsics::_putFlatValue:             return inline_unsafe_flat_access( is_store, Relaxed);
+
   case vmIntrinsics::_compareAndSetReference:   return inline_unsafe_load_store(T_OBJECT, LS_cmp_swap,      Volatile);
   case vmIntrinsics::_compareAndSetByte:        return inline_unsafe_load_store(T_BYTE,   LS_cmp_swap,      Volatile);
   case vmIntrinsics::_compareAndSetShort:       return inline_unsafe_load_store(T_SHORT,  LS_cmp_swap,      Volatile);
@@ -468,6 +483,11 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::try_to_inline(int predicate) {
   case vmIntrinsics::_storeStoreFence:
   case vmIntrinsics::_fullFence:                return inline_unsafe_fence(intrinsic_id());
 
+  case vmIntrinsics::_arrayInstanceBaseOffset:  return inline_arrayInstanceBaseOffset();
+  case vmIntrinsics::_arrayInstanceIndexScale:  return inline_arrayInstanceIndexScale();
+  case vmIntrinsics::_arrayLayout:              return inline_arrayLayout();
+  case vmIntrinsics::_getFieldMap:              return inline_getFieldMap();
+
   case vmIntrinsics::_onSpinWait:               return inline_onspinwait();
 
   case vmIntrinsics::_currentCarrierThread:     return inline_native_currentCarrierThread();
@@ -517,6 +537,12 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::try_to_inline(int predicate) {
 
   case vmIntrinsics::_allocateUninitializedArray: return inline_unsafe_newArray(true);
   case vmIntrinsics::_newArray:                   return inline_unsafe_newArray(false);
+  case vmIntrinsics::_newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray: return inline_newArray(/* null_free */ true, /* atomic */ false);
+  case vmIntrinsics::_newNullRestrictedAtomicArray: return inline_newArray(/* null_free */ true, /* atomic */ true);
+  case vmIntrinsics::_newNullableAtomicArray:     return inline_newArray(/* null_free */ false, /* atomic */ true);
+  case vmIntrinsics::_isFlatArray:              return inline_getArrayProperties(IsFlat);
+  case vmIntrinsics::_isNullRestrictedArray:    return inline_getArrayProperties(IsNullRestricted);
+  case vmIntrinsics::_isAtomicArray:            return inline_getArrayProperties(IsAtomic);
 
   case vmIntrinsics::_isAssignableFrom:         return inline_native_subtype_check();
 
@@ -2286,19 +2312,22 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_divmod_methods(vmIntrinsics::ID id) {
 const TypeOopPtr* LibraryCallKit::sharpen_unsafe_type(Compile::AliasType* alias_type, const TypePtr *adr_type) {
   // Attempt to infer a sharper value type from the offset and base type.
   ciKlass* sharpened_klass = nullptr;
+  bool null_free = false;
 
   // See if it is an instance field, with an object type.
   if (alias_type->field() != nullptr) {
     if (alias_type->field()->type()->is_klass()) {
       sharpened_klass = alias_type->field()->type()->as_klass();
+      null_free = alias_type->field()->is_null_free();
     }
   }
 
   const TypeOopPtr* result = nullptr;
   // See if it is a narrow oop array.
   if (adr_type->isa_aryptr()) {
-    if (adr_type->offset() >= objArrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes()) {
+    if (adr_type->offset() >= refArrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes()) {
       const TypeOopPtr* elem_type = adr_type->is_aryptr()->elem()->make_oopptr();
+      null_free = adr_type->is_aryptr()->is_null_free();
       if (elem_type != nullptr && elem_type->is_loaded()) {
         // Sharpen the value type.
         result = elem_type;
@@ -2311,6 +2340,9 @@ const TypeOopPtr* LibraryCallKit::sharpen_unsafe_type(Compile::AliasType* alias_
   if (result == nullptr && sharpened_klass != nullptr && sharpened_klass->is_loaded()) {
     // Sharpen the value type.
     result = TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass(sharpened_klass);
+    if (null_free) {
+      result = result->join_speculative(TypePtr::NOTNULL)->is_oopptr();
+    }
   }
   if (result != nullptr) {
 #ifndef PRODUCT
@@ -2398,6 +2430,43 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_unsafe_access(bool is_store, const BasicType type, c
   // by oopDesc::field_addr.
   assert(Unsafe_field_offset_to_byte_offset(11) == 11,
          "fieldOffset must be byte-scaled");
+
+  if (base->is_InlineType()) {
+    assert(!is_store, "InlineTypeNodes are non-larval value objects");
+    InlineTypeNode* vt = base->as_InlineType();
+    if (offset->is_Con()) {
+      long off = find_long_con(offset, 0);
+      ciInlineKlass* vk = vt->type()->inline_klass();
+      if ((long)(int)off != off || !vk->contains_field_offset(off)) {
+        return false;
+      }
+
+      ciField* field = vk->get_non_flat_field_by_offset(off);
+      if (field != nullptr) {
+        BasicType bt = type2field[field->type()->basic_type()];
+        if (bt == T_ARRAY || bt == T_NARROWOOP) {
+          bt = T_OBJECT;
+        }
+        if (bt == type && !field->is_flat()) {
+          Node* value = vt->field_value_by_offset(off, false);
+          const Type* value_type = _gvn.type(value);
+          if (value_type->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+            value = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(this, value, value_type->inline_klass());
+          }
+          set_result(value);
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    {
+      // Re-execute the unsafe access if allocation triggers deoptimization.
+      PreserveReexecuteState preexecs(this);
+      jvms()->set_should_reexecute(true);
+      vt = vt->buffer(this);
+    }
+    base = vt->get_oop();
+  }
+
   // 32-bit machines ignore the high half!
   offset = ConvL2X(offset);
 
@@ -2447,7 +2516,35 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_unsafe_access(bool is_store, const BasicType type, c
   }
 
   bool mismatched = false;
-  BasicType bt = alias_type->basic_type();
+  BasicType bt = T_ILLEGAL;
+  ciField* field = nullptr;
+  if (adr_type->isa_instptr()) {
+    const TypeInstPtr* instptr = adr_type->is_instptr();
+    ciInstanceKlass* k = instptr->instance_klass();
+    int off = instptr->offset();
+    if (instptr->const_oop() != nullptr &&
+        k == ciEnv::current()->Class_klass() &&
+        instptr->offset() >= (k->size_helper() * wordSize)) {
+      k = instptr->const_oop()->as_instance()->java_lang_Class_klass()->as_instance_klass();
+      field = k->get_field_by_offset(off, true);
+    } else {
+      field = k->get_non_flat_field_by_offset(off);
+    }
+    if (field != nullptr) {
+      bt = type2field[field->type()->basic_type()];
+    }
+    if (bt != alias_type->basic_type()) {
+      // Type mismatch. Is it an access to a nested flat field?
+      field = k->get_field_by_offset(off, false);
+      if (field != nullptr) {
+        bt = type2field[field->type()->basic_type()];
+      }
+    }
+    assert(bt == alias_type->basic_type(), "should match");
+  } else {
+    bt = alias_type->basic_type();
+  }
+
   if (bt != T_ILLEGAL) {
     assert(alias_type->adr_type()->is_oopptr(), "should be on-heap access");
     if (bt == T_BYTE && adr_type->isa_aryptr()) {
@@ -2506,14 +2603,19 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_unsafe_access(bool is_store, const BasicType type, c
   if (!is_store) {
     Node* p = nullptr;
     // Try to constant fold a load from a constant field
-    ciField* field = alias_type->field();
-    if (heap_base_oop != top() && field != nullptr && field->is_constant() && !mismatched) {
+
+    if (heap_base_oop != top() && field != nullptr && field->is_constant() && !field->is_flat() && !mismatched) {
       // final or stable field
       p = make_constant_from_field(field, heap_base_oop);
     }
 
     if (p == nullptr) { // Could not constant fold the load
       p = access_load_at(heap_base_oop, adr, adr_type, value_type, type, decorators);
+      const TypeOopPtr* ptr = value_type->make_oopptr();
+      if (ptr != nullptr && ptr->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+        // Load a non-flattened inline type from memory
+        p = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(this, p, ptr->inline_klass());
+      }
     }
     if (type == T_ADDRESS) {
       p = gvn().transform(new CastP2XNode(nullptr, p));
@@ -2539,6 +2641,176 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_unsafe_access(bool is_store, const BasicType type, c
   return true;
 }
 
+bool LibraryCallKit::inline_unsafe_flat_access(bool is_store, AccessKind kind) {
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  {
+    ResourceMark rm;
+    // Check the signatures.
+    ciSignature* sig = callee()->signature();
+    assert(sig->type_at(0)->basic_type() == T_OBJECT, "base should be object, but is %s", type2name(sig->type_at(0)->basic_type()));
+    assert(sig->type_at(1)->basic_type() == T_LONG, "offset should be long, but is %s", type2name(sig->type_at(1)->basic_type()));
+    assert(sig->type_at(2)->basic_type() == T_INT, "layout kind should be int, but is %s", type2name(sig->type_at(3)->basic_type()));
+    assert(sig->type_at(3)->basic_type() == T_OBJECT, "value klass should be object, but is %s", type2name(sig->type_at(4)->basic_type()));
+    if (is_store) {
+      assert(sig->return_type()->basic_type() == T_VOID, "putter must not return a value, but returns %s", type2name(sig->return_type()->basic_type()));
+      assert(sig->count() == 5, "flat putter should have 5 arguments, but has %d", sig->count());
+      assert(sig->type_at(4)->basic_type() == T_OBJECT, "put value should be object, but is %s", type2name(sig->type_at(5)->basic_type()));
+    } else {
+      assert(sig->return_type()->basic_type() == T_OBJECT, "getter must return an object, but returns %s", type2name(sig->return_type()->basic_type()));
+      assert(sig->count() == 4, "flat getter should have 4 arguments, but has %d", sig->count());
+    }
+ }
+#endif // ASSERT
+
+  assert(kind == Relaxed, "Only plain accesses for now");
+  if (callee()->is_static()) {
+    // caller must have the capability!
+    return false;
+  }
+  C->set_has_unsafe_access(true);
+
+  const TypeInstPtr* value_klass_node = _gvn.type(argument(5))->isa_instptr();
+  if (value_klass_node == nullptr || value_klass_node->const_oop() == nullptr) {
+    // parameter valueType is not a constant
+    return false;
+  }
+  ciType* mirror_type = value_klass_node->const_oop()->as_instance()->java_mirror_type();
+  if (!mirror_type->is_inlinetype()) {
+    // Dead code
+    return false;
+  }
+  ciInlineKlass* value_klass = mirror_type->as_inline_klass();
+
+  const TypeInt* layout_type = _gvn.type(argument(4))->isa_int();
+  if (layout_type == nullptr || !layout_type->is_con()) {
+    // parameter layoutKind is not a constant
+    return false;
+  }
+  assert(layout_type->get_con() >= static_cast<int>(LayoutKind::REFERENCE) &&
+         layout_type->get_con() < static_cast<int>(LayoutKind::UNKNOWN),
+         "invalid layoutKind %d", layout_type->get_con());
+  LayoutKind layout = static_cast<LayoutKind>(layout_type->get_con());
+  assert(layout == LayoutKind::REFERENCE || LayoutKindHelper::is_flat(layout),
+         "unexpected layoutKind %d", layout_type->get_con());
+
+  null_check(argument(0));
+  if (stopped()) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  Node* base = must_be_not_null(argument(1), true);
+  Node* offset = argument(2);
+  const Type* base_type = _gvn.type(base);
+
+  Node* ptr;
+  bool immutable_memory = false;
+  DecoratorSet decorators = C2_UNSAFE_ACCESS | IN_HEAP | MO_UNORDERED;
+  if (base_type->isa_instptr()) {
+    const TypeLong* offset_type = _gvn.type(offset)->isa_long();
+    if (offset_type == nullptr || !offset_type->is_con()) {
+      // Offset into a non-array should be a constant
+      decorators |= C2_MISMATCHED;
+    } else {
+      int offset_con = checked_cast<int>(offset_type->get_con());
+      ciInstanceKlass* base_klass = base_type->is_instptr()->instance_klass();
+      ciField* field = base_klass->get_non_flat_field_by_offset(offset_con);
+      if (field == nullptr) {
+        assert(!base_klass->is_final(), "non-existence field at offset %d of class %s", offset_con, base_klass->name()->as_utf8());
+        decorators |= C2_MISMATCHED;
+      } else {
+        assert(field->type() == value_klass, "field at offset %d of %s is of type %s, but valueType is %s",
+               offset_con, base_klass->name()->as_utf8(), field->type()->name(), value_klass->name()->as_utf8());
+        immutable_memory = field->is_strict() && field->is_final();
+
+        if (base->is_InlineType()) {
+          assert(!is_store, "Cannot store into a non-larval value object");
+          set_result(base->as_InlineType()->field_value_by_offset(offset_con, false));
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (base->is_InlineType()) {
+      assert(!is_store, "Cannot store into a non-larval value object");
+      base = base->as_InlineType()->buffer(this, true);
+    }
+    ptr = basic_plus_adr(base, ConvL2X(offset));
+  } else if (base_type->isa_aryptr()) {
+    decorators |= IS_ARRAY;
+    if (layout == LayoutKind::REFERENCE) {
+      if (!base_type->is_aryptr()->is_not_flat()) {
+        const TypeAryPtr* array_type = base_type->is_aryptr()->cast_to_not_flat();
+        // TODO 8350865 This should be a CheckCastPP, can we add a test?
+        Node* new_base = _gvn.transform(new CastPPNode(control(), base, array_type, ConstraintCastNode::DependencyType::NonFloatingNarrowing));
+        replace_in_map(base, new_base);
+        base = new_base;
+      }
+      ptr = basic_plus_adr(base, ConvL2X(offset));
+    } else {
+      if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+        // Flat array must have an exact type
+        bool is_null_free = !LayoutKindHelper::is_nullable_flat(layout);
+        bool is_atomic = LayoutKindHelper::is_atomic_flat(layout);
+        Node* new_base = cast_to_flat_array_exact(base, value_klass, is_null_free, is_atomic);
+        replace_in_map(base, new_base);
+        base = new_base;
+        ptr = basic_plus_adr(base, ConvL2X(offset));
+        const TypeAryPtr* ptr_type = _gvn.type(ptr)->is_aryptr();
+        if (ptr_type->field_offset().get() != 0) {
+          // TODO 8350865 This should be a CheckCastPP, can we add a test?
+          ptr = _gvn.transform(new CastPPNode(control(), ptr, ptr_type->with_field_offset(0), ConstraintCastNode::DependencyType::NonFloatingNarrowing));
+        }
+      } else {
+        uncommon_trap(Deoptimization::Reason_intrinsic,
+                      Deoptimization::Action_none);
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    decorators |= C2_MISMATCHED;
+    ptr = basic_plus_adr(base, ConvL2X(offset));
+  }
+
+  if (is_store) {
+    Node* value = argument(6);
+    const Type* value_type = _gvn.type(value);
+    if (!value_type->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+      value_type = Type::get_const_type(value_klass)->filter_speculative(value_type);
+      Node* new_value = _gvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(control(), value, value_type, ConstraintCastNode::DependencyType::NonFloatingNarrowing));
+      new_value = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(this, new_value, value_klass);
+      replace_in_map(value, new_value);
+      value = new_value;
+    }
+
+    assert(value_type->inline_klass() == value_klass, "value is of type %s while valueType is %s", value_type->inline_klass()->name()->as_utf8(), value_klass->name()->as_utf8());
+    if (layout == LayoutKind::REFERENCE) {
+      const TypePtr* ptr_type = (decorators & C2_MISMATCHED) != 0 ? TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM : _gvn.type(ptr)->is_ptr();
+      access_store_at(base, ptr, ptr_type, value, value_type, T_OBJECT, decorators);
+    } else {
+      bool atomic = LayoutKindHelper::is_atomic_flat(layout);
+      bool null_free = !LayoutKindHelper::is_nullable_flat(layout);
+      value->as_InlineType()->store_flat(this, base, ptr, atomic, immutable_memory, null_free, decorators);
+    }
+
+    return true;
+  } else {
+    decorators |= (C2_CONTROL_DEPENDENT_LOAD | C2_UNKNOWN_CONTROL_LOAD);
+    InlineTypeNode* result;
+    if (layout == LayoutKind::REFERENCE) {
+      const TypePtr* ptr_type = (decorators & C2_MISMATCHED) != 0 ? TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM : _gvn.type(ptr)->is_ptr();
+      Node* oop = access_load_at(base, ptr, ptr_type, Type::get_const_type(value_klass), T_OBJECT, decorators);
+      result = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(this, oop, value_klass);
+    } else {
+      bool atomic = LayoutKindHelper::is_atomic_flat(layout);
+      bool null_free = !LayoutKindHelper::is_nullable_flat(layout);
+      result = InlineTypeNode::make_from_flat(this, value_klass, base, ptr, atomic, immutable_memory, null_free, decorators);
+    }
+
+    set_result(result);
+    return true;
+  }
+}
+
 //----------------------------inline_unsafe_load_store----------------------------
 // This method serves a couple of different customers (depending on LoadStoreKind):
 //
@@ -2741,6 +3013,19 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_unsafe_load_store(const BasicType type, const LoadSt
   if (is_reference_type(type)) {
     decorators |= IN_HEAP | ON_UNKNOWN_OOP_REF;
 
+    if (oldval != nullptr && oldval->is_InlineType()) {
+      // Re-execute the unsafe access if allocation triggers deoptimization.
+      PreserveReexecuteState preexecs(this);
+      jvms()->set_should_reexecute(true);
+      oldval = oldval->as_InlineType()->buffer(this)->get_oop();
+    }
+    if (newval != nullptr && newval->is_InlineType()) {
+      // Re-execute the unsafe access if allocation triggers deoptimization.
+      PreserveReexecuteState preexecs(this);
+      jvms()->set_should_reexecute(true);
+      newval = newval->as_InlineType()->buffer(this)->get_oop();
+    }
+
     // Transformation of a value which could be null pointer (CastPP #null)
     // could be delayed during Parse (for example, in adjust_map_after_if()).
     // Execute transformation here to avoid barrier generation in such case.
@@ -2809,6 +3094,98 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_unsafe_fence(vmIntrinsics::ID id) {
   }
 }
 
+// private native int arrayInstanceBaseOffset0(Object[] array);
+bool LibraryCallKit::inline_arrayInstanceBaseOffset() {
+  Node* array = argument(1);
+  Node* klass_node = load_object_klass(array);
+
+  jint  layout_con = Klass::_lh_neutral_value;
+  Node* layout_val = get_layout_helper(klass_node, layout_con);
+  int   layout_is_con = (layout_val == nullptr);
+
+  Node* header_size = nullptr;
+  if (layout_is_con) {
+    int hsize = Klass::layout_helper_header_size(layout_con);
+    header_size = intcon(hsize);
+  } else {
+    Node* hss = intcon(Klass::_lh_header_size_shift);
+    Node* hsm = intcon(Klass::_lh_header_size_mask);
+    header_size = _gvn.transform(new URShiftINode(layout_val, hss));
+    header_size = _gvn.transform(new AndINode(header_size, hsm));
+  }
+  set_result(header_size);
+  return true;
+}
+
+// private native int arrayInstanceIndexScale0(Object[] array);
+bool LibraryCallKit::inline_arrayInstanceIndexScale() {
+  Node* array = argument(1);
+  Node* klass_node = load_object_klass(array);
+
+  jint  layout_con = Klass::_lh_neutral_value;
+  Node* layout_val = get_layout_helper(klass_node, layout_con);
+  int   layout_is_con = (layout_val == nullptr);
+
+  Node* element_size = nullptr;
+  if (layout_is_con) {
+    int log_element_size  = Klass::layout_helper_log2_element_size(layout_con);
+    int elem_size = 1 << log_element_size;
+    element_size = intcon(elem_size);
+  } else {
+    Node* ess = intcon(Klass::_lh_log2_element_size_shift);
+    Node* esm = intcon(Klass::_lh_log2_element_size_mask);
+    Node* log_element_size = _gvn.transform(new URShiftINode(layout_val, ess));
+    log_element_size = _gvn.transform(new AndINode(log_element_size, esm));
+    element_size = _gvn.transform(new LShiftINode(intcon(1), log_element_size));
+  }
+  set_result(element_size);
+  return true;
+}
+
+// private native int arrayLayout0(Object[] array);
+bool LibraryCallKit::inline_arrayLayout() {
+  RegionNode* region = new RegionNode(2);
+  Node* phi = new PhiNode(region, TypeInt::POS);
+
+  Node* array = argument(1);
+  Node* klass_node = load_object_klass(array);
+  generate_refArray_guard(klass_node, region);
+  if (region->req() == 3) {
+    phi->add_req(intcon((jint)LayoutKind::REFERENCE));
+  }
+
+  int layout_kind_offset = in_bytes(FlatArrayKlass::layout_kind_offset());
+  Node* layout_kind_addr = basic_plus_adr(top(), klass_node, layout_kind_offset);
+  Node* layout_kind = make_load(nullptr, layout_kind_addr, TypeInt::POS, T_INT, MemNode::unordered);
+
+  region->init_req(1, control());
+  phi->init_req(1, layout_kind);
+
+  set_control(_gvn.transform(region));
+  set_result(_gvn.transform(phi));
+  return true;
+}
+
+// private native int[] getFieldMap0(Class <?> c);
+//   int offset = c._klass._acmp_maps_offset;
+//   return (int[])c.obj_field(offset);
+bool LibraryCallKit::inline_getFieldMap() {
+  Node* mirror = argument(1);
+  Node* klass = load_klass_from_mirror(mirror, false, nullptr, 0);
+
+  int field_map_offset_offset = in_bytes(InstanceKlass::acmp_maps_offset_offset());
+  Node* field_map_offset_addr = basic_plus_adr(top(), klass, field_map_offset_offset);
+  Node* field_map_offset = make_load(nullptr, field_map_offset_addr, TypeInt::INT, T_INT, MemNode::unordered);
+  field_map_offset = _gvn.transform(ConvI2L(field_map_offset));
+
+  Node* map_addr = basic_plus_adr(mirror, field_map_offset);
+  const TypeAryPtr* val_type = TypeAryPtr::INTS->cast_to_ptr_type(TypePtr::NotNull)->with_offset(0);
+  Node* map = access_load_at(mirror, map_addr, TypeAryPtr::INTS, val_type, T_ARRAY, IN_HEAP | MO_UNORDERED);
+
+  set_result(map);
+  return true;
+}
+
 bool LibraryCallKit::inline_onspinwait() {
   insert_mem_bar(Op_OnSpinWait);
   return true;
@@ -2927,7 +3304,6 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_unsafe_allocate() {
     test = _gvn.transform(new SubINode(inst, bits));
     // The 'test' is non-zero if we need to take a slow path.
   }
-
   Node* obj = new_instance(kls, test);
   set_result(obj);
   return true;
@@ -3493,7 +3869,7 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_getEventWriter() {
   assert(klass_EventWriter->is_loaded(), "invariant");
   ciInstanceKlass* const instklass_EventWriter = klass_EventWriter->as_instance_klass();
   const TypeKlassPtr* const aklass = TypeKlassPtr::make(instklass_EventWriter);
-  const TypeOopPtr* const xtype = aklass->as_instance_type();
+  const TypeOopPtr* const xtype = aklass->as_exact_instance_type();
   Node* jobj_untagged = _gvn.transform(AddPNode::make_off_heap(jobj, _gvn.MakeConX(-JNIHandles::TypeTag::global)));
   Node* event_writer = access_load(jobj_untagged, xtype, T_OBJECT, IN_NATIVE | C2_CONTROL_DEPENDENT_LOAD);
 
@@ -3858,12 +4234,12 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_setCurrentThread() {
 const Type* LibraryCallKit::scopedValueCache_type() {
   ciKlass* objects_klass = ciObjArrayKlass::make(env()->Object_klass());
   const TypeOopPtr* etype = TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass(env()->Object_klass());
-  const TypeAry* arr0 = TypeAry::make(etype, TypeInt::POS);
+  const TypeAry* arr0 = TypeAry::make(etype, TypeInt::POS, /* stable= */ false, /* flat= */ false, /* not_flat= */ true, /* not_null_free= */ true, true);
 
   // Because we create the scopedValue cache lazily we have to make the
   // type of the result BotPTR.
   bool xk = etype->klass_is_exact();
-  const Type* objects_type = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, arr0, objects_klass, xk, 0);
+  const Type* objects_type = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, arr0, objects_klass, xk, TypeAryPtr::Offset(0));
   return objects_type;
 }
 
@@ -4039,6 +4415,7 @@ Node* LibraryCallKit::generate_klass_flags_guard(Node* kls, int modifier_mask, i
   Node* bol  = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(cmp, BoolTest::ne));
   return generate_fair_guard(bol, region);
 }
+
 Node* LibraryCallKit::generate_interface_guard(Node* kls, RegionNode* region) {
   return generate_klass_flags_guard(kls, JVM_ACC_INTERFACE, 0, region,
                                     InstanceKlass::access_flags_offset(), TypeInt::CHAR, T_CHAR);
@@ -4164,17 +4541,19 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_Class_query(vmIntrinsics::ID id) {
       phi->add_req(null());
     }
     // If we fall through, it's a plain class.  Get its _super.
-    p = off_heap_plus_addr(kls, in_bytes(Klass::super_offset()));
-    kls = _gvn.transform(LoadKlassNode::make(_gvn, immutable_memory(), p, TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM, TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT_OR_NULL));
-    null_ctl = top();
-    kls = null_check_oop(kls, &null_ctl);
-    if (null_ctl != top()) {
-      // If the guard is taken, Object.superClass is null (both klass and mirror).
-      region->add_req(null_ctl);
-      phi   ->add_req(null());
-    }
     if (!stopped()) {
-      query_value = load_mirror_from_klass(kls);
+      p = basic_plus_adr(top(), kls, in_bytes(Klass::super_offset()));
+      kls = _gvn.transform(LoadKlassNode::make(_gvn, immutable_memory(), p, TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM, TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT_OR_NULL));
+      null_ctl = top();
+      kls = null_check_oop(kls, &null_ctl);
+      if (null_ctl != top()) {
+        // If the guard is taken, Object.superClass is null (both klass and mirror).
+        region->add_req(null_ctl);
+        phi   ->add_req(null());
+      }
+      if (!stopped()) {
+        query_value = load_mirror_from_klass(kls);
+      }
     }
     break;
 
@@ -4192,6 +4571,7 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_Class_query(vmIntrinsics::ID id) {
   return true;
 }
 
+
 //-------------------------inline_Class_cast-------------------
 bool LibraryCallKit::inline_Class_cast() {
   Node* mirror = argument(0); // Class
@@ -4214,7 +4594,8 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_Class_cast() {
       // Don't use intrinsic when class is not loaded.
       return false;
     } else {
-      int static_res = C->static_subtype_check(TypeKlassPtr::make(tm->as_klass(), Type::trust_interfaces), tp->as_klass_type());
+      const TypeKlassPtr* tklass = TypeKlassPtr::make(tm->as_klass(), Type::trust_interfaces);
+      int static_res = C->static_subtype_check(tklass, tp->as_klass_type());
       if (static_res == Compile::SSC_always_true) {
         // isInstance() is true - fold the code.
         set_result(obj);
@@ -4243,8 +4624,8 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_Class_cast() {
     return true;
   }
 
-  // Not-subtype or the mirror's klass ptr is null (in case it is a primitive).
-  enum { _bad_type_path = 1, _prim_path = 2, PATH_LIMIT };
+  // Not-subtype or the mirror's klass ptr is nullptr (in case it is a primitive).
+  enum { _bad_type_path = 1, _prim_path = 2, _npe_path = 3, PATH_LIMIT };
   RegionNode* region = new RegionNode(PATH_LIMIT);
   record_for_igvn(region);
 
@@ -4254,17 +4635,30 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_Class_cast() {
   Node* kls = load_klass_from_mirror(mirror, false, region, _prim_path);
 
   Node* res = top();
+  Node* io = i_o();
+  Node* mem = merged_memory();
+  SafePointNode* new_cast_failure_map = nullptr;
+
   if (!stopped()) {
+
     Node* bad_type_ctrl = top();
     // Do checkcast optimizations.
-    res = gen_checkcast(obj, kls, &bad_type_ctrl);
+    res = gen_checkcast(obj, kls, &bad_type_ctrl, &new_cast_failure_map);
     region->init_req(_bad_type_path, bad_type_ctrl);
   }
   if (region->in(_prim_path) != top() ||
-      region->in(_bad_type_path) != top()) {
+      region->in(_bad_type_path) != top() ||
+      region->in(_npe_path) != top()) {
     // Let Interpreter throw ClassCastException.
     PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
+    if (new_cast_failure_map != nullptr) {
+      // The current map on the success path could have been modified. Use the dedicated failure path map.
+      set_map(new_cast_failure_map);
+    }
     set_control(_gvn.transform(region));
+    // Set IO and memory because gen_checkcast may override them when buffering inline types
+    set_i_o(io);
+    set_all_memory(mem);
     uncommon_trap(Deoptimization::Reason_intrinsic,
                   Deoptimization::Action_maybe_recompile);
   }
@@ -4298,8 +4692,10 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_subtype_check() {
   };
 
   RegionNode* region = new RegionNode(PATH_LIMIT);
+  RegionNode* prim_region = new RegionNode(2);
   Node*       phi    = new PhiNode(region, TypeInt::BOOL);
   record_for_igvn(region);
+  record_for_igvn(prim_region);
 
   const TypePtr* adr_type = TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM;   // memory type of loads
   const TypeKlassPtr* kls_type = TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT_OR_NULL;
@@ -4324,8 +4720,11 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_subtype_check() {
     Node* kls = klasses[which_arg];
     Node* null_ctl = top();
     kls = null_check_oop(kls, &null_ctl, never_see_null);
-    int prim_path = (which_arg == 0 ? _prim_0_path : _prim_1_path);
-    region->init_req(prim_path, null_ctl);
+    if (which_arg == 0) {
+      prim_region->init_req(1, null_ctl);
+    } else {
+      region->init_req(_prim_1_path, null_ctl);
+    }
     if (stopped())  break;
     klasses[which_arg] = kls;
   }
@@ -4335,19 +4734,19 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_subtype_check() {
     Node* subk   = klasses[1];  // the argument to isAssignableFrom
     Node* superk = klasses[0];  // the receiver
     region->set_req(_both_ref_path, gen_subtype_check(subk, superk));
-    // now we have a successful reference subtype check
     region->set_req(_ref_subtype_path, control());
   }
 
   // If both operands are primitive (both klasses null), then
   // we must return true when they are identical primitives.
   // It is convenient to test this after the first null klass check.
-  set_control(region->in(_prim_0_path)); // go back to first null check
+  // This path is also used if superc is a value mirror.
+  set_control(_gvn.transform(prim_region));
   if (!stopped()) {
     // Since superc is primitive, make a guard for the superc==subc case.
     Node* cmp_eq = _gvn.transform(new CmpPNode(args[0], args[1]));
     Node* bol_eq = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(cmp_eq, BoolTest::eq));
-    generate_guard(bol_eq, region, PROB_FAIR);
+    generate_fair_guard(bol_eq, region);
     if (region->req() == PATH_LIMIT+1) {
       // A guard was added.  If the added guard is taken, superc==subc.
       region->swap_edges(PATH_LIMIT, _prim_same_path);
@@ -4378,30 +4777,27 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_subtype_check() {
 }
 
 //---------------------generate_array_guard_common------------------------
-Node* LibraryCallKit::generate_array_guard_common(Node* kls, RegionNode* region,
-                                                  bool obj_array, bool not_array, Node** obj) {
+Node* LibraryCallKit::generate_array_guard_common(Node* kls, RegionNode* region, ArrayKind kind, Node** obj) {
 
   if (stopped()) {
     return nullptr;
   }
 
-  // If obj_array/non_array==false/false:
-  // Branch around if the given klass is in fact an array (either obj or prim).
-  // If obj_array/non_array==false/true:
-  // Branch around if the given klass is not an array klass of any kind.
-  // If obj_array/non_array==true/true:
-  // Branch around if the kls is not an oop array (kls is int[], String, etc.)
-  // If obj_array/non_array==true/false:
-  // Branch around if the kls is an oop array (Object[] or subtype)
-  //
   // Like generate_guard, adds a new path onto the region.
   jint  layout_con = 0;
   Node* layout_val = get_layout_helper(kls, layout_con);
   if (layout_val == nullptr) {
-    bool query = (obj_array
-                  ? Klass::layout_helper_is_objArray(layout_con)
-                  : Klass::layout_helper_is_array(layout_con));
-    if (query == not_array) {
+    bool query = 0;
+    switch(kind) {
+      case RefArray:       query = Klass::layout_helper_is_refArray(layout_con); break;
+      case NonRefArray:    query = !Klass::layout_helper_is_refArray(layout_con); break;
+      case TypeArray:      query = Klass::layout_helper_is_typeArray(layout_con); break;
+      case AnyArray:       query = Klass::layout_helper_is_array(layout_con); break;
+      case NonArray:       query = !Klass::layout_helper_is_array(layout_con); break;
+      default:
+        ShouldNotReachHere();
+    }
+    if (!query) {
       return nullptr;                       // never a branch
     } else {                             // always a branch
       Node* always_branch = control();
@@ -4411,18 +4807,33 @@ Node* LibraryCallKit::generate_array_guard_common(Node* kls, RegionNode* region,
       return always_branch;
     }
   }
+  unsigned int value = 0;
+  BoolTest::mask btest = BoolTest::illegal;
+  switch(kind) {
+    case RefArray:
+    case NonRefArray: {
+      value = Klass::_lh_array_tag_ref_value;
+      layout_val = _gvn.transform(new RShiftINode(layout_val, intcon(Klass::_lh_array_tag_shift)));
+      btest = (kind == RefArray) ? BoolTest::eq : BoolTest::ne;
+      break;
+    }
+    case TypeArray: {
+      value = Klass::_lh_array_tag_type_value;
+      layout_val = _gvn.transform(new RShiftINode(layout_val, intcon(Klass::_lh_array_tag_shift)));
+      btest = BoolTest::eq;
+      break;
+    }
+    case AnyArray:    value = Klass::_lh_neutral_value; btest = BoolTest::lt; break;
+    case NonArray:    value = Klass::_lh_neutral_value; btest = BoolTest::gt; break;
+    default:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
   // Now test the correct condition.
-  jint  nval = (obj_array
-                ? (jint)(Klass::_lh_array_tag_type_value
-                   <<    Klass::_lh_array_tag_shift)
-                : Klass::_lh_neutral_value);
+  jint nval = (jint)value;
   Node* cmp = _gvn.transform(new CmpINode(layout_val, intcon(nval)));
-  BoolTest::mask btest = BoolTest::lt;  // correct for testing is_[obj]array
-  // invert the test if we are looking for a non-array
-  if (not_array)  btest = BoolTest(btest).negate();
   Node* bol = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(cmp, btest));
   Node* ctrl = generate_fair_guard(bol, region);
-  Node* is_array_ctrl = not_array ? control() : ctrl;
+  Node* is_array_ctrl = kind == NonArray ? control() : ctrl;
   if (obj != nullptr && is_array_ctrl != nullptr && is_array_ctrl != top()) {
     // Keep track of the fact that 'obj' is an array to prevent
     // array specific accesses from floating above the guard.
@@ -4431,9 +4842,200 @@ Node* LibraryCallKit::generate_array_guard_common(Node* kls, RegionNode* region,
   return ctrl;
 }
 
+// public static native Object[] ValueClass::newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(Class<?> componentType, int length, Object initVal);
+// public static native Object[] ValueClass::newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Class<?> componentType, int length, Object initVal);
+// public static native Object[] ValueClass::newNullableAtomicArray(Class<?> componentType, int length);
+bool LibraryCallKit::inline_newArray(bool null_free, bool atomic) {
+  assert(null_free || atomic, "nullable implies atomic");
+  Node* componentType = argument(0);
+  Node* length = argument(1);
+  Node* init_val = null_free ? argument(2) : nullptr;
+
+  const TypeInstPtr* tp = _gvn.type(componentType)->isa_instptr();
+  if (tp != nullptr) {
+    ciInstanceKlass* ik = tp->instance_klass();
+    if (ik == C->env()->Class_klass()) {
+      ciType* t = tp->java_mirror_type();
+      if (t != nullptr && t->is_inlinetype()) {
+
+        ciArrayKlass* array_klass = ciArrayKlass::make(t, null_free, atomic, true);
+        assert(array_klass->is_elem_null_free() == null_free, "inconsistency");
+
+        // TODO 8350865 ZGC needs card marks on initializing oop stores
+        if ((UseZGC || UseShenandoahGC) && null_free && !array_klass->is_flat_array_klass()) {
+          return false;
+        }
+
+        if (array_klass->is_loaded() && array_klass->element_klass()->as_inline_klass()->is_initialized()) {
+          const TypeAryKlassPtr* array_klass_type = TypeAryKlassPtr::make(array_klass, Type::trust_interfaces);
+          if (null_free) {
+            if (init_val->is_InlineType()) {
+              if (array_klass_type->is_flat() && init_val->as_InlineType()->is_all_zero(&gvn(), /* flat */ true)) {
+                // Zeroing is enough because the init value is the all-zero value
+                init_val = nullptr;
+              } else {
+                init_val = init_val->as_InlineType()->buffer(this);
+              }
+            }
+            if (init_val != nullptr) {
+#ifdef ASSERT
+              init_val = null_check(init_val);
+              Node* wrong_type_ctl = gen_subtype_check(init_val, makecon(TypeKlassPtr::make(array_klass->element_klass())));
+              {
+                PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
+                set_control(wrong_type_ctl);
+                halt(control(), frameptr(), "incompatible type for initVal in newArray");
+                stop_and_kill_map();
+              }
+#endif
+              init_val = _gvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(control(), init_val, TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass(array_klass->element_klass()), ConstraintCastNode::DependencyType::NonFloatingNarrowing));
+            }
+          }
+          Node* obj = new_array(makecon(array_klass_type), length, 0, nullptr, false, init_val);
+          const TypeAryPtr* arytype = gvn().type(obj)->is_aryptr();
+          assert(arytype->is_null_free() == null_free, "inconsistency");
+          assert(arytype->is_not_null_free() == !null_free, "inconsistency");
+          set_result(obj);
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+// public static native boolean ValueClass::isFlatArray(Object array);
+// public static native boolean ValueClass::isNullRestrictedArray(Object array);
+// public static native boolean ValueClass::isAtomicArray(Object array);
+bool LibraryCallKit::inline_getArrayProperties(ArrayPropertiesCheck check) {
+  Node* array = argument(0);
+
+  Node* bol;
+  switch(check) {
+    case IsFlat:
+      bol = flat_array_test(load_object_klass(array));
+      break;
+    case IsNullRestricted:
+      bol = null_free_array_test(array);
+      break;
+    case IsAtomic: {
+      // See conditions in JVM_IsAtomicArray
+      // 1. If not flat, then atomic, or else...
+      RegionNode* atomic_region = new RegionNode(1);
+      RegionNode* non_atomic_region = new RegionNode(1);
+      Node* array_klass = load_object_klass(array);
+      Node* is_flat_bol = flat_array_test(array_klass);
+      IfNode* iff_is_flat = create_and_xform_if(control(), is_flat_bol, PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
+      atomic_region->add_req(_gvn.transform(new IfFalseNode(iff_is_flat)));
+      set_control(_gvn.transform(new IfTrueNode(iff_is_flat)));
+
+      // 2. ...if the layout is atomic, then atomic, or else...
+      Node* layout_kind = atomic_layout_array_test_and_get_layout_kind(array, atomic_region);
+
+      // 3. ...if the element type is naturally atomic and null-free OR empty and nullable, then atomic, or else...
+      int element_klass_offset = in_bytes(ObjArrayKlass::element_klass_offset());
+      Node* array_element_klass_addr = off_heap_plus_addr(array_klass, element_klass_offset);
+      Node* array_element_klass = _gvn.transform(LoadKlassNode::make(_gvn, immutable_memory(), array_element_klass_addr, _gvn.type(array_klass)->is_klassptr()));
+      int klass_flags_offset = in_bytes(InstanceKlass::misc_flags_offset() + InstanceKlassFlags::flags_offset());
+      Node* array_element_klass_flags_addr = off_heap_plus_addr(array_element_klass, klass_flags_offset);
+      Node* array_element_klass_flags = make_load(control(), array_element_klass_flags_addr, TypeInt::INT, T_INT, MemNode::unordered);
+
+      // Here, layout can only be non-atomic, otherwise atomic_layout_array_test_and_get_layout_kind already decides the array to be atomic.
+      Node* is_null_free_cmp = _gvn.transform(new CmpINode(layout_kind, intcon(static_cast<jint>(LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT))));
+      Node* is_null_free_bol = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(is_null_free_cmp, BoolTest::eq));
+      IfNode* iff_is_null_free_bol = create_and_xform_if(control(), is_null_free_bol, PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
+      Node* is_null_free_ctl = _gvn.transform(new IfTrueNode(iff_is_null_free_bol));
+      Node* is_nullable_ctl = _gvn.transform(new IfFalseNode(iff_is_null_free_bol));
+
+      Node* is_naturally_atomic_flag = _gvn.transform(new AndINode(array_element_klass_flags, intcon(InstanceKlassFlags::_misc_is_naturally_atomic)));
+      Node* is_naturally_atomic_cmp = _gvn.transform(new CmpINode(is_naturally_atomic_flag, intcon(0)));
+      Node* is_naturally_atomic_bol = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(is_naturally_atomic_cmp, BoolTest::ne));
+      IfNode* iff_is_naturally_atomic = create_and_xform_if(is_null_free_ctl, is_naturally_atomic_bol, PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
+      Node* is_naturally_atomic_ctl = _gvn.transform(new IfTrueNode(iff_is_naturally_atomic));
+      Node* is_not_naturally_atomic_ctl = _gvn.transform(new IfFalseNode(iff_is_naturally_atomic));
+      atomic_region->add_req(is_naturally_atomic_ctl);
+      non_atomic_region->add_req(is_not_naturally_atomic_ctl);
+
+      Node* is_empty_inline_type_flag = _gvn.transform(new AndINode(array_element_klass_flags, intcon(InstanceKlassFlags::_misc_is_empty_inline_type)));
+      Node* is_empty_inline_type_cmp = _gvn.transform(new CmpINode(is_empty_inline_type_flag, intcon(0)));
+      Node* is_empty_inline_type_bol = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(is_empty_inline_type_cmp, BoolTest::ne));
+      IfNode* iff_is_empty_inline_type = create_and_xform_if(is_nullable_ctl, is_empty_inline_type_bol, PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
+      Node* is_empty_inline_type_ctl = _gvn.transform(new IfTrueNode(iff_is_empty_inline_type));
+      Node* is_nonempty_inline_type_ctl = _gvn.transform(new IfFalseNode(iff_is_empty_inline_type));
+      atomic_region->add_req(is_empty_inline_type_ctl);
+      non_atomic_region->add_req(is_nonempty_inline_type_ctl);
+
+      // ...non-atomic, but we tried everything.
+      RegionNode* decision = new RegionNode(3);
+      decision->set_req(1, _gvn.transform(atomic_region));
+      decision->set_req(2, _gvn.transform(non_atomic_region));
+      PhiNode* result = PhiNode::make(decision, intcon(1), TypeInt::BOOL);
+      result->set_req(2, intcon(0));
+      set_control(_gvn.transform(decision));
+      set_result(_gvn.transform(result));
+      return true;
+    }
+    default:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+
+  Node* res = gvn().transform(new CMoveINode(bol, intcon(0), intcon(1), TypeInt::BOOL));
+  set_result(res);
+  return true;
+}
+
+// Load the default refined array klass from an ObjArrayKlass. This relies on the first entry in the
+// '_next_refined_array_klass' linked list being the default (see ObjArrayKlass::klass_with_properties).
+Node* LibraryCallKit::load_default_refined_array_klass(Node* klass_node, bool type_array_guard) {
+  RegionNode* region = new RegionNode(2);
+  Node* phi = new PhiNode(region, TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT_OR_NULL);
+
+  if (type_array_guard) {
+    generate_typeArray_guard(klass_node, region);
+    if (region->req() == 3) {
+      phi->add_req(klass_node);
+    }
+  }
+  Node* adr_refined_klass = basic_plus_adr(top(), klass_node, in_bytes(ObjArrayKlass::next_refined_array_klass_offset()));
+  Node* refined_klass = _gvn.transform(LoadKlassNode::make(_gvn, immutable_memory(), adr_refined_klass, TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM, TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT_OR_NULL));
+
+  // Can be null if not initialized yet, just deopt
+  Node* null_ctl = top();
+  refined_klass = null_check_oop(refined_klass, &null_ctl, /* never_see_null= */ true);
+
+  region->init_req(1, control());
+  phi->init_req(1, refined_klass);
+
+  set_control(_gvn.transform(region));
+  return _gvn.transform(phi);
+}
+
+// Load the non-refined array klass from an ObjArrayKlass.
+Node* LibraryCallKit::load_non_refined_array_klass(Node* klass_node) {
+  const TypeAryKlassPtr* ary_klass_ptr = _gvn.type(klass_node)->isa_aryklassptr();
+  if (ary_klass_ptr != nullptr && ary_klass_ptr->klass_is_exact()) {
+    return _gvn.makecon(ary_klass_ptr->cast_to_refined_array_klass_ptr(false));
+  }
+
+  RegionNode* region = new RegionNode(2);
+  Node* phi = new PhiNode(region, TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT);
+
+  generate_typeArray_guard(klass_node, region);
+  if (region->req() == 3) {
+    phi->add_req(klass_node);
+  }
+  Node* super_adr = basic_plus_adr(top(), klass_node, in_bytes(Klass::super_offset()));
+  Node* super_klass = _gvn.transform(LoadKlassNode::make(_gvn, immutable_memory(), super_adr, TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM, TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT));
+
+  region->init_req(1, control());
+  phi->init_req(1, super_klass);
+
+  set_control(_gvn.transform(region));
+  return _gvn.transform(phi);
+}
 
 //-----------------------inline_native_newArray--------------------------
-// private static native Object java.lang.reflect.newArray(Class<?> componentType, int length);
+// private static native Object java.lang.reflect.Array.newArray(Class<?> componentType, int length);
 // private        native Object Unsafe.allocateUninitializedArray0(Class<?> cls, int size);
 bool LibraryCallKit::inline_unsafe_newArray(bool uninitialized) {
   Node* mirror;
@@ -4491,6 +5093,9 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_unsafe_newArray(bool uninitialized) {
     // Normal case:  The array type has been cached in the java.lang.Class.
     // The following call works fine even if the array type is polymorphic.
     // It could be a dynamic mix of int[], boolean[], Object[], etc.
+
+    klass_node = load_default_refined_array_klass(klass_node);
+
     Node* obj = new_array(klass_node, count_val, 0);  // no arguments to push
     result_reg->init_req(_normal_path, control());
     result_val->init_req(_normal_path, obj);
@@ -4571,21 +5176,40 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_array_copyOf(bool is_copyOfRange) {
 
     Node* orig_length = load_array_length(original);
 
-    Node* klass_node = load_klass_from_mirror(array_type_mirror, false, nullptr, 0);
+    RegionNode* bailout = new RegionNode(2);
+    record_for_igvn(bailout);
+
+    Node* klass_node = load_klass_from_mirror(array_type_mirror, false, bailout, 1);
+    if (stopped()) {
+      // Arrays.copyOf() uses a generic Class parameter which is erased to the raw type Class. This also allows
+      // passing in primitive class mirrors like int.class which do not have corresponding Klass* pointers.
+      // In these cases, klass_node will be top. Emit a trap to throw in the interpreter in this case.
+      bail_out_from_array_copyOf(bailout);
+      return true;
+    }
+
     klass_node = null_check(klass_node);
 
-    RegionNode* bailout = new RegionNode(1);
-    record_for_igvn(bailout);
+    const TypeAryPtr* src_t = _gvn.type(original)->is_aryptr();
+    const TypeKlassPtr* dest_klass_t = _gvn.type(klass_node)->is_klassptr()->is_klassptr();
+
+    Node* success_proj;
+    if (should_bail_out_on_non_ref_arrays(src_t, dest_klass_t)) {
+      success_proj = generate_non_refArray_guard(klass_node, bailout);
+    } else {
+      success_proj = generate_typeArray_guard(klass_node, bailout);
+    }
+
+    Node* refined_klass_node = load_default_refined_array_klass(klass_node, /* type_array_guard= */ false);
 
-    // Despite the generic type of Arrays.copyOf, the mirror might be int, int[], etc.
-    // Bail out if that is so.
-    Node* not_objArray = generate_non_objArray_guard(klass_node, bailout);
-    if (not_objArray != nullptr) {
+    if (success_proj != nullptr) {
       // Improve the klass node's type from the new optimistic assumption:
       ciKlass* ak = ciArrayKlass::make(env()->Object_klass());
-      const Type* akls = TypeKlassPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull, ak, 0/*offset*/);
-      Node* cast = new CastPPNode(control(), klass_node, akls);
-      klass_node = _gvn.transform(cast);
+      bool not_flat = !UseArrayFlattening;
+      bool not_null_free = !Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled();
+      const Type* akls = TypeAryKlassPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull, ak, Type::Offset(0), Type::trust_interfaces, not_flat, not_null_free, false, false, not_flat, true);
+      Node* cast = new CastPPNode(control(), refined_klass_node, akls);
+      refined_klass_node = _gvn.transform(cast);
     }
 
     // Bail out if either start or end is negative.
@@ -4603,15 +5227,18 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_array_copyOf(bool is_copyOfRange) {
     // should be thrown
     generate_negative_guard(length, bailout, &length);
 
+    // Handle inline type arrays
+    // TODO 8251971 This is too strong
+    generate_fair_guard(flat_array_test(load_object_klass(original)), bailout);
+    generate_fair_guard(flat_array_test(refined_klass_node), bailout);
+    generate_fair_guard(null_free_array_test(original), bailout);
+
     // Bail out if start is larger than the original length
     Node* orig_tail = _gvn.transform(new SubINode(orig_length, start));
     generate_negative_guard(orig_tail, bailout, &orig_tail);
 
     if (bailout->req() > 1) {
-      PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
-      set_control(_gvn.transform(bailout));
-      uncommon_trap(Deoptimization::Reason_intrinsic,
-                    Deoptimization::Action_maybe_recompile);
+      bail_out_from_array_copyOf(bailout);
     }
 
     if (!stopped()) {
@@ -4662,7 +5289,7 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_array_copyOf(bool is_copyOfRange) {
       }
 
       if (!stopped()) {
-        newcopy = new_array(klass_node, length, 0);  // no arguments to push
+        newcopy = new_array(refined_klass_node, length, 0);  // no arguments to push
 
         ArrayCopyNode* ac = ArrayCopyNode::make(this, true, original, start, newcopy, intcon(0), moved, true, true,
                                                 load_object_klass(original), klass_node);
@@ -4689,6 +5316,60 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_array_copyOf(bool is_copyOfRange) {
   return true;
 }
 
+void LibraryCallKit::bail_out_from_array_copyOf(RegionNode* bailout_region) {
+  PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
+  set_control(_gvn.transform(bailout_region));
+  uncommon_trap(Deoptimization::Reason_intrinsic,
+                Deoptimization::Action_maybe_recompile);
+}
+
+bool LibraryCallKit::should_bail_out_on_non_ref_arrays(const TypeAryPtr* src_type, const TypeKlassPtr* dest_klass_type) {
+  const TypeAryKlassPtr* dest_ary_klass_type = dest_klass_type->isa_aryklassptr();
+  if (dest_ary_klass_type == nullptr) {
+    // Dest klass is not known to be an array class. There are multiple cases:
+    // - Primitive class mirror: We already bailed out before.
+    // - Instance class mirror: We should bail out.
+    // - java.lang.Object (possible due to type erasure): Could be anything including primitive or instance class mirror
+    //   or also flat arrays. Bail out.
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+    // The remaining checks revolve around array flatness. Without array flatness, we don't need the stronger non-ref
+    // runtime check excluding flat arrays.
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // We now know that src and dest are proper array pointers.
+  const bool src_maybe_flat = !src_type->is_not_flat();
+  const bool dest_maybe_flat = !dest_ary_klass_type->is_not_flat();
+
+  // We could have abstract flat value class arrays whose layout we don't know. Bail out.
+  const bool can_src_be_abstract_flat_value_class_array = src_maybe_flat && !src_type->elem()->is_inlinetypeptr();
+  const bool can_dest_be_abstract_flat_value_class_array = dest_maybe_flat &&
+                                                           !dest_ary_klass_type->elem()->is_instklassptr()->instance_klass()->is_inlinetype();
+  if (can_src_be_abstract_flat_value_class_array || can_dest_be_abstract_flat_value_class_array) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  // Value class array may have object field that would require a write barrier. Conservatively bail out.
+  // TODO 8251971: Optimize for the case when flat src/dst are later found to not contain
+  //               oops (i.e., move this check to the macro expansion phase).
+  BarrierSetC2* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2();
+  if (bs->array_copy_requires_gc_barriers(true, T_OBJECT, false, false, BarrierSetC2::Parsing)) {
+    // No barriers required.
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const bool can_src_be_flat_with_oops = src_maybe_flat && src_type->elem()->inline_klass()->contains_oops();
+  const bool can_dest_be_flat_with_oops = dest_maybe_flat && dest_ary_klass_type->elem()->is_instklassptr()->instance_klass()->as_inline_klass()->contains_oops();
+  if (can_src_be_flat_with_oops || can_dest_be_flat_with_oops) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  // Can handle remaining flat arrays.
+  return false;
+}
 
 //----------------------generate_virtual_guard---------------------------
 // Helper for hashCode and clone.  Peeks inside the vtable to avoid a call.
@@ -4734,11 +5415,11 @@ LibraryCallKit::generate_method_call(vmIntrinsicID method_id, bool is_virtual, b
   const TypeFunc* tf = TypeFunc::make(method);
   if (res_not_null) {
     assert(tf->return_type() == T_OBJECT, "");
-    const TypeTuple* range = tf->range();
+    const TypeTuple* range = tf->range_cc();
     const Type** fields = TypeTuple::fields(range->cnt());
     fields[TypeFunc::Parms] = range->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms)->filter_speculative(TypePtr::NOTNULL);
     const TypeTuple* new_range = TypeTuple::make(range->cnt(), fields);
-    tf = TypeFunc::make(tf->domain(), new_range);
+    tf = TypeFunc::make(tf->domain_cc(), new_range);
   }
   CallJavaNode* slow_call;
   if (is_static) {
@@ -4795,7 +5476,14 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_hashcode(bool is_virtual, bool is_static) {
   PhiNode*    result_val = new PhiNode(result_reg, TypeInt::INT);
   PhiNode*    result_io  = new PhiNode(result_reg, Type::ABIO);
   PhiNode*    result_mem = new PhiNode(result_reg, Type::MEMORY, TypePtr::BOTTOM);
-  Node* obj = nullptr;
+  Node* obj = argument(0);
+
+  // Don't intrinsify hashcode on inline types for now.
+  // The "is locked" runtime check also subsumes the inline type check (as inline types cannot be locked) and goes to the slow path.
+  if (gvn().type(obj)->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
   if (!is_static) {
     // Check for hashing null object
     obj = null_check_receiver();
@@ -4805,7 +5493,6 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_hashcode(bool is_virtual, bool is_static) {
   } else {
     // Do a null check, and return zero if null.
     // System.identityHashCode(null) == 0
-    obj = argument(0);
     Node* null_ctl = top();
     obj = null_check_oop(obj, &null_ctl);
     result_reg->init_req(_null_path, null_ctl);
@@ -4846,6 +5533,8 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_hashcode(bool is_virtual, bool is_static) {
 
   if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
     // Test the header to see if it is safe to read w.r.t. locking.
+    // We cannot use the inline type mask as this may check bits that are overridden
+    // by an object monitor's pointer when inflating locking.
     Node *lock_mask      = _gvn.MakeConX(markWord::lock_mask_in_place);
     Node *lmasked_header = _gvn.transform(new AndXNode(header, lock_mask));
     Node *monitor_val   = _gvn.MakeConX(markWord::monitor_value);
@@ -4913,7 +5602,16 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_hashcode(bool is_virtual, bool is_static) {
 //
 // Build special case code for calls to getClass on an object.
 bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_getClass() {
-  Node* obj = null_check_receiver();
+  Node* obj = argument(0);
+  if (obj->is_InlineType()) {
+    const Type* t = _gvn.type(obj);
+    if (t->maybe_null()) {
+      null_check(obj);
+    }
+    set_result(makecon(TypeInstPtr::make(t->inline_klass()->java_mirror())));
+    return true;
+  }
+  obj = null_check_receiver();
   if (stopped())  return true;
   set_result(load_mirror_from_klass(load_object_klass(obj)));
   return true;
@@ -5328,6 +6026,10 @@ void LibraryCallKit::copy_to_clone(Node* obj, Node* alloc_obj, Node* obj_size, b
 // can be sharply typed as an object array, a type array, or an instance.
 //
 bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_clone(bool is_virtual) {
+  if (too_many_traps(Deoptimization::Reason_intrinsic)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
   PhiNode* result_val;
 
   // Set the reexecute bit for the interpreter to reexecute
@@ -5335,17 +6037,31 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_clone(bool is_virtual) {
   { PreserveReexecuteState preexecs(this);
     jvms()->set_should_reexecute(true);
 
-    Node* obj = null_check_receiver();
+    Node* obj = argument(0);
+    obj = null_check_receiver();
     if (stopped())  return true;
 
     const TypeOopPtr* obj_type = _gvn.type(obj)->is_oopptr();
+    if (obj_type->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+      // If the object to clone is an inline type, we can simply return it (i.e. a nop) since inline types have
+      // no identity. But we first need to check whether the value class is actually implementing the Cloneable
+      // interface. If not, we trap.
+      if (obj_type->inline_klass()->is_cloneable()) {
+        set_result(obj);
+      } else {
+        uncommon_trap(Deoptimization::Reason_intrinsic,
+                      Deoptimization::Action_maybe_recompile);
+      }
+      return true;
+    }
 
     // If we are going to clone an instance, we need its exact type to
     // know the number and types of fields to convert the clone to
     // loads/stores. Maybe a speculative type can help us.
     if (!obj_type->klass_is_exact() &&
         obj_type->speculative_type() != nullptr &&
-        obj_type->speculative_type()->is_instance_klass()) {
+        obj_type->speculative_type()->is_instance_klass() &&
+        !obj_type->speculative_type()->is_inlinetype()) {
       ciInstanceKlass* spec_ik = obj_type->speculative_type()->as_instance_klass();
       if (spec_ik->nof_nonstatic_fields() <= ArrayCopyLoadStoreMaxElem &&
           !spec_ik->has_injected_fields()) {
@@ -5375,61 +6091,75 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_clone(bool is_virtual) {
     record_for_igvn(result_reg);
 
     Node* obj_klass = load_object_klass(obj);
+    // We only go to the fast case code if we pass a number of guards.
+    // The paths which do not pass are accumulated in the slow_region.
+    RegionNode* slow_region = new RegionNode(1);
+    record_for_igvn(slow_region);
+
     Node* array_obj = obj;
     Node* array_ctl = generate_array_guard(obj_klass, (RegionNode*)nullptr, &array_obj);
     if (array_ctl != nullptr) {
       // It's an array.
       PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
       set_control(array_ctl);
-      Node* obj_length = load_array_length(array_obj);
-      Node* array_size = nullptr; // Size of the array without object alignment padding.
-      Node* alloc_obj = new_array(obj_klass, obj_length, 0, &array_size, /*deoptimize_on_exception=*/true);
 
       BarrierSetC2* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2();
-      if (bs->array_copy_requires_gc_barriers(true, T_OBJECT, true, false, BarrierSetC2::Parsing)) {
-        // If it is an oop array, it requires very special treatment,
-        // because gc barriers are required when accessing the array.
-        Node* is_obja = generate_objArray_guard(obj_klass, (RegionNode*)nullptr);
-        if (is_obja != nullptr) {
-          PreserveJVMState pjvms2(this);
-          set_control(is_obja);
-          // Generate a direct call to the right arraycopy function(s).
-          // Clones are always tightly coupled.
-          ArrayCopyNode* ac = ArrayCopyNode::make(this, true, array_obj, intcon(0), alloc_obj, intcon(0), obj_length, true, false);
-          ac->set_clone_oop_array();
-          Node* n = _gvn.transform(ac);
-          assert(n == ac, "cannot disappear");
-          ac->connect_outputs(this, /*deoptimize_on_exception=*/true);
-
-          result_reg->init_req(_objArray_path, control());
-          result_val->init_req(_objArray_path, alloc_obj);
-          result_i_o ->set_req(_objArray_path, i_o());
-          result_mem ->set_req(_objArray_path, reset_memory());
-        }
+      const TypeAryPtr* ary_ptr = obj_type->isa_aryptr();
+      if (UseArrayFlattening && bs->array_copy_requires_gc_barriers(true, T_OBJECT, true, false, BarrierSetC2::Expansion) &&
+          obj_type->can_be_inline_array() &&
+          (ary_ptr == nullptr || (!ary_ptr->is_not_flat() && (!ary_ptr->is_flat() || ary_ptr->elem()->inline_klass()->contains_oops())))) {
+        // Flat inline type array may have object field that would require a
+        // write barrier. Conservatively, go to slow path.
+        generate_fair_guard(flat_array_test(obj_klass), slow_region);
       }
-      // Otherwise, there are no barriers to worry about.
-      // (We can dispense with card marks if we know the allocation
-      //  comes out of eden (TLAB)...  In fact, ReduceInitialCardMarks
-      //  causes the non-eden paths to take compensating steps to
-      //  simulate a fresh allocation, so that no further
-      //  card marks are required in compiled code to initialize
-      //  the object.)
 
       if (!stopped()) {
-        copy_to_clone(array_obj, alloc_obj, array_size, true);
-
-        // Present the results of the copy.
-        result_reg->init_req(_array_path, control());
-        result_val->init_req(_array_path, alloc_obj);
-        result_i_o ->set_req(_array_path, i_o());
-        result_mem ->set_req(_array_path, reset_memory());
+        Node* obj_length = load_array_length(array_obj);
+        Node* array_size = nullptr; // Size of the array without object alignment padding.
+        Node* alloc_obj = new_array(obj_klass, obj_length, 0, &array_size, /*deoptimize_on_exception=*/true);
+
+        BarrierSetC2* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2();
+        if (bs->array_copy_requires_gc_barriers(true, T_OBJECT, true, false, BarrierSetC2::Parsing)) {
+          // If it is an oop array, it requires very special treatment,
+          // because gc barriers are required when accessing the array.
+          Node* is_obja = generate_refArray_guard(obj_klass, (RegionNode*)nullptr);
+          if (is_obja != nullptr) {
+            PreserveJVMState pjvms2(this);
+            set_control(is_obja);
+            // Generate a direct call to the right arraycopy function(s).
+            // Clones are always tightly coupled.
+            ArrayCopyNode* ac = ArrayCopyNode::make(this, true, array_obj, intcon(0), alloc_obj, intcon(0), obj_length, true, false);
+            ac->set_clone_oop_array();
+            Node* n = _gvn.transform(ac);
+            assert(n == ac, "cannot disappear");
+            ac->connect_outputs(this, /*deoptimize_on_exception=*/true);
+
+            result_reg->init_req(_objArray_path, control());
+            result_val->init_req(_objArray_path, alloc_obj);
+            result_i_o ->set_req(_objArray_path, i_o());
+            result_mem ->set_req(_objArray_path, reset_memory());
+          }
+        }
+        // Otherwise, there are no barriers to worry about.
+        // (We can dispense with card marks if we know the allocation
+        //  comes out of eden (TLAB)...  In fact, ReduceInitialCardMarks
+        //  causes the non-eden paths to take compensating steps to
+        //  simulate a fresh allocation, so that no further
+        //  card marks are required in compiled code to initialize
+        //  the object.)
+
+        if (!stopped()) {
+          copy_to_clone(obj, alloc_obj, array_size, true);
+
+          // Present the results of the copy.
+          result_reg->init_req(_array_path, control());
+          result_val->init_req(_array_path, alloc_obj);
+          result_i_o ->set_req(_array_path, i_o());
+          result_mem ->set_req(_array_path, reset_memory());
+        }
       }
     }
 
-    // We only go to the instance fast case code if we pass a number of guards.
-    // The paths which do not pass are accumulated in the slow_region.
-    RegionNode* slow_region = new RegionNode(1);
-    record_for_igvn(slow_region);
     if (!stopped()) {
       // It's an instance (we did array above).  Make the slow-path tests.
       // If this is a virtual call, we generate a funny guard.  We grab
@@ -5561,12 +6291,35 @@ SafePointNode* LibraryCallKit::create_safepoint_with_state_before_array_allocati
   for (uint i = 0; i < size; i++) {
     sfpt->init_req(i, alloc->in(i));
   }
+  int adjustment = 1;
+  const TypeAryKlassPtr* ary_klass_ptr = alloc->in(AllocateNode::KlassNode)->bottom_type()->is_aryklassptr();
+  if (ary_klass_ptr->is_null_free()) {
+    // A null-free, tightly coupled array allocation can only come from LibraryCallKit::inline_newArray which
+    // also requires the componentType and initVal on stack for re-execution.
+    // Re-create and push the componentType.
+    ciArrayKlass* klass = ary_klass_ptr->exact_klass()->as_array_klass();
+    ciInstance* instance = klass->component_mirror_instance();
+    const TypeInstPtr* t_instance = TypeInstPtr::make(instance);
+    sfpt->ins_req(old_jvms->stkoff() + old_jvms->sp(), makecon(t_instance));
+    adjustment++;
+  }
   // re-push array length for deoptimization
-  sfpt->ins_req(old_jvms->stkoff() + old_jvms->sp(), alloc->in(AllocateNode::ALength));
-  old_jvms->set_sp(old_jvms->sp()+1);
-  old_jvms->set_monoff(old_jvms->monoff()+1);
-  old_jvms->set_scloff(old_jvms->scloff()+1);
-  old_jvms->set_endoff(old_jvms->endoff()+1);
+  sfpt->ins_req(old_jvms->stkoff() + old_jvms->sp() + adjustment - 1, alloc->in(AllocateNode::ALength));
+  if (ary_klass_ptr->is_null_free()) {
+    // Re-create and push the initVal.
+    Node* init_val = alloc->in(AllocateNode::InitValue);
+    if (init_val == nullptr) {
+      init_val = InlineTypeNode::make_all_zero(_gvn, ary_klass_ptr->elem()->is_instklassptr()->instance_klass()->as_inline_klass());
+    } else if (UseCompressedOops) {
+      init_val = _gvn.transform(new DecodeNNode(init_val, init_val->bottom_type()->make_ptr()));
+    }
+    sfpt->ins_req(old_jvms->stkoff() + old_jvms->sp() + adjustment, init_val);
+    adjustment++;
+  }
+  old_jvms->set_sp(old_jvms->sp() + adjustment);
+  old_jvms->set_monoff(old_jvms->monoff() + adjustment);
+  old_jvms->set_scloff(old_jvms->scloff() + adjustment);
+  old_jvms->set_endoff(old_jvms->endoff() + adjustment);
   old_jvms->set_should_reexecute(true);
 
   sfpt->set_i_o(map()->i_o());
@@ -5599,11 +6352,10 @@ void LibraryCallKit::arraycopy_move_allocation_here(AllocateArrayNode* alloc, No
     _reexecute_sp = saved_reexecute_sp;
 
     // Remove the allocation from above the guards
-    CallProjections callprojs;
-    alloc->extract_projections(&callprojs, true);
+    CallProjections* callprojs = alloc->extract_projections(true);
     InitializeNode* init = alloc->initialization();
     Node* alloc_mem = alloc->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
-    C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj, alloc->in(TypeFunc::I_O));
+    C->gvn_replace_by(callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj, alloc->in(TypeFunc::I_O));
     init->replace_mem_projs_by(alloc_mem, C);
 
     // The CastIINode created in GraphKit::new_array (in AllocateArrayNode::make_ideal_length) must stay below
@@ -5645,11 +6397,11 @@ void LibraryCallKit::arraycopy_move_allocation_here(AllocateArrayNode* alloc, No
     set_all_memory(mem);
     alloc->set_req(TypeFunc::Memory, mem);
     set_control(init->proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Control));
-    set_i_o(callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj);
+    set_i_o(callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj);
 
     // Update memory as done in GraphKit::set_output_for_allocation()
     const TypeInt* length_type = _gvn.find_int_type(alloc->in(AllocateNode::ALength));
-    const TypeOopPtr* ary_type = _gvn.type(alloc->in(AllocateNode::KlassNode))->is_klassptr()->as_instance_type();
+    const TypeOopPtr* ary_type = _gvn.type(alloc->in(AllocateNode::KlassNode))->is_klassptr()->as_exact_instance_type();
     if (ary_type->isa_aryptr() && length_type != nullptr) {
       ary_type = ary_type->is_aryptr()->cast_to_size(length_type);
     }
@@ -5995,7 +6747,7 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_arraycopy() {
     if (is_reference_type(src_elem, true)) src_elem = T_OBJECT;
     if (is_reference_type(dest_elem, true)) dest_elem = T_OBJECT;
 
-    if (src_elem == dest_elem && src_elem == T_OBJECT) {
+    if (src_elem == dest_elem && top_src->is_flat() == top_dest->is_flat() && src_elem == T_OBJECT) {
       // If both arrays are object arrays then having the exact types
       // for both will remove the need for a subtype check at runtime
       // before the call and may make it possible to pick a faster copy
@@ -6022,9 +6774,13 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_arraycopy() {
         // If we can have both exact types, emit the missing guards
         if (could_have_src && !src_spec) {
           src = maybe_cast_profiled_obj(src, src_k, true);
+          src_type = _gvn.type(src);
+          top_src = src_type->isa_aryptr();
         }
         if (could_have_dest && !dest_spec) {
           dest = maybe_cast_profiled_obj(dest, dest_k, true);
+          dest_type = _gvn.type(dest);
+          top_dest = dest_type->isa_aryptr();
         }
       }
     }
@@ -6040,8 +6796,7 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_arraycopy() {
   bool negative_length_guard_generated = false;
 
   if (!C->too_many_traps(trap_method, trap_bci, Deoptimization::Reason_intrinsic) &&
-      can_emit_guards &&
-      !src->is_top() && !dest->is_top()) {
+      can_emit_guards && !src->is_top() && !dest->is_top()) {
     // validate arguments: enables transformation the ArrayCopyNode
     validated = true;
 
@@ -6082,17 +6837,40 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_arraycopy() {
 
     // (9) each element of an oop array must be assignable
     Node* dest_klass = load_object_klass(dest);
+    Node* refined_dest_klass = dest_klass;
     if (src != dest) {
+      dest_klass = load_non_refined_array_klass(refined_dest_klass);
       Node* not_subtype_ctrl = gen_subtype_check(src, dest_klass);
-
-      if (not_subtype_ctrl != top()) {
-        PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
-        set_control(not_subtype_ctrl);
-        uncommon_trap(Deoptimization::Reason_intrinsic,
-                      Deoptimization::Action_make_not_entrant);
-        assert(stopped(), "Should be stopped");
-      }
+      slow_region->add_req(not_subtype_ctrl);
     }
+
+    // TODO 8251971 Improve this. What about atomicity? Make sure this is always folded for type arrays.
+    // If destination is null-restricted, source must be null-restricted as well: src_null_restricted || !dst_null_restricted
+    Node* src_klass = load_object_klass(src);
+    Node* adr_prop_src = basic_plus_adr(top(), src_klass, in_bytes(ArrayKlass::properties_offset()));
+    Node* prop_src = _gvn.transform(LoadNode::make(_gvn, control(), immutable_memory(), adr_prop_src,
+                                                   _gvn.type(adr_prop_src)->is_ptr(), TypeInt::INT, T_INT,
+                                                   MemNode::unordered));
+    Node* adr_prop_dest = basic_plus_adr(top(), refined_dest_klass, in_bytes(ArrayKlass::properties_offset()));
+    Node* prop_dest = _gvn.transform(LoadNode::make(_gvn, control(), immutable_memory(), adr_prop_dest,
+                                                    _gvn.type(adr_prop_dest)->is_ptr(), TypeInt::INT, T_INT,
+                                                    MemNode::unordered));
+
+    const ArrayProperties props_null_restricted = ArrayProperties::Default().with_null_restricted();
+    jint props_value = (jint)props_null_restricted.value();
+
+    prop_dest = _gvn.transform(new XorINode(prop_dest, intcon(props_value)));
+    prop_src = _gvn.transform(new OrINode(prop_dest, prop_src));
+    prop_src = _gvn.transform(new AndINode(prop_src, intcon(props_value)));
+
+    Node* chk = _gvn.transform(new CmpINode(prop_src, intcon(props_value)));
+    Node* tst = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(chk, BoolTest::ne));
+    generate_fair_guard(tst, slow_region);
+
+    // TODO 8251971 This is too strong
+    generate_fair_guard(flat_array_test(src), slow_region);
+    generate_fair_guard(flat_array_test(dest), slow_region);
+
     {
       PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
       set_control(_gvn.transform(slow_region));
@@ -6101,8 +6879,16 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_arraycopy() {
       assert(stopped(), "Should be stopped");
     }
 
-    const TypeKlassPtr* dest_klass_t = _gvn.type(dest_klass)->is_klassptr();
-    const Type *toop = dest_klass_t->cast_to_exactness(false)->as_instance_type();
+    const TypeKlassPtr* dest_klass_t = _gvn.type(dest_klass)->isa_klassptr();
+    if (dest_klass_t == nullptr) {
+      // refined_dest_klass may not be an array, which leads to dest_klass being top. This means we
+      // are in a dead path.
+      uncommon_trap(Deoptimization::Reason_intrinsic,
+                    Deoptimization::Action_make_not_entrant);
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    const Type* toop = dest_klass_t->as_subtype_instance_type();
     src = _gvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(control(), src, toop));
     arraycopy_move_allocation_here(alloc, dest, saved_jvms_before_guards, saved_reexecute_sp, new_idx);
   }
@@ -6111,11 +6897,14 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_arraycopy() {
     return true;
   }
 
+  Node* dest_klass = load_object_klass(dest);
+  dest_klass = load_non_refined_array_klass(dest_klass);
+
   ArrayCopyNode* ac = ArrayCopyNode::make(this, true, src, src_offset, dest, dest_offset, length, alloc != nullptr, negative_length_guard_generated,
                                           // Create LoadRange and LoadKlass nodes for use during macro expansion here
                                           // so the compiler has a chance to eliminate them: during macro expansion,
                                           // we have to set their control (CastPP nodes are eliminated).
-                                          load_object_klass(src), load_object_klass(dest),
+                                          load_object_klass(src), dest_klass,
                                           load_array_length(src), load_array_length(dest));
 
   ac->set_arraycopy(validated);
@@ -7362,7 +8151,7 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_cipherBlockChaining_AESCrypt(vmIntrinsics::ID id) {
 
   ciInstanceKlass* instklass_AESCrypt = klass_AESCrypt->as_instance_klass();
   const TypeKlassPtr* aklass = TypeKlassPtr::make(instklass_AESCrypt);
-  const TypeOopPtr* xtype = aklass->as_instance_type()->cast_to_ptr_type(TypePtr::NotNull);
+  const TypeOopPtr* xtype = aklass->as_exact_instance_type()->cast_to_ptr_type(TypePtr::NotNull);
   Node* aescrypt_object = new CheckCastPPNode(control(), embeddedCipherObj, xtype);
   aescrypt_object = _gvn.transform(aescrypt_object);
 
@@ -7449,7 +8238,7 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_electronicCodeBook_AESCrypt(vmIntrinsics::ID id) {
 
   ciInstanceKlass* instklass_AESCrypt = klass_AESCrypt->as_instance_klass();
   const TypeKlassPtr* aklass = TypeKlassPtr::make(instklass_AESCrypt);
-  const TypeOopPtr* xtype = aklass->as_instance_type()->cast_to_ptr_type(TypePtr::NotNull);
+  const TypeOopPtr* xtype = aklass->as_exact_instance_type()->cast_to_ptr_type(TypePtr::NotNull);
   Node* aescrypt_object = new CheckCastPPNode(control(), embeddedCipherObj, xtype);
   aescrypt_object = _gvn.transform(aescrypt_object);
 
@@ -7518,7 +8307,7 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_counterMode_AESCrypt(vmIntrinsics::ID id) {
   assert(klass_AESCrypt->is_loaded(), "predicate checks that this class is loaded");
   ciInstanceKlass* instklass_AESCrypt = klass_AESCrypt->as_instance_klass();
   const TypeKlassPtr* aklass = TypeKlassPtr::make(instklass_AESCrypt);
-  const TypeOopPtr* xtype = aklass->as_instance_type()->cast_to_ptr_type(TypePtr::NotNull);
+  const TypeOopPtr* xtype = aklass->as_exact_instance_type()->cast_to_ptr_type(TypePtr::NotNull);
   Node* aescrypt_object = new CheckCastPPNode(control(), embeddedCipherObj, xtype);
   aescrypt_object = _gvn.transform(aescrypt_object);
   // we need to get the start of the aescrypt_object's expanded key array
@@ -8691,7 +9480,7 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_digestBase_implCompressMB(Node* digestBase_obj, ciIn
                                                       BasicType elem_type, address stubAddr, const char *stubName,
                                                       Node* src_start, Node* ofs, Node* limit) {
   const TypeKlassPtr* aklass = TypeKlassPtr::make(instklass_digestBase);
-  const TypeOopPtr* xtype = aklass->cast_to_exactness(false)->as_instance_type()->cast_to_ptr_type(TypePtr::NotNull);
+  const TypeOopPtr* xtype = aklass->as_subtype_instance_type()->cast_to_ptr_type(TypePtr::NotNull);
   Node* digest_obj = new CheckCastPPNode(control(), digestBase_obj, xtype);
   digest_obj = _gvn.transform(digest_obj);
 
@@ -8784,7 +9573,7 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_galoisCounterMode_AESCrypt() {
   assert(klass_AESCrypt->is_loaded(), "predicate checks that this class is loaded");
   ciInstanceKlass* instklass_AESCrypt = klass_AESCrypt->as_instance_klass();
   const TypeKlassPtr* aklass = TypeKlassPtr::make(instklass_AESCrypt);
-  const TypeOopPtr* xtype = aklass->as_instance_type();
+  const TypeOopPtr* xtype = aklass->as_exact_instance_type();
   Node* aescrypt_object = new CheckCastPPNode(control(), embeddedCipherObj, xtype);
   aescrypt_object = _gvn.transform(aescrypt_object);
   // we need to get the start of the aescrypt_object's expanded key array
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.hpp
index 871a6b0d072..7e3d65060d9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.hpp
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "opto/castnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/convertnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/graphKit.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/intrinsicnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/movenode.hpp"
 
@@ -108,13 +109,21 @@ class LibraryCallKit : public GraphKit {
 
   void push_result() {
     // Push the result onto the stack.
-    if (!stopped() && result() != nullptr) {
-      if (result()->is_top()) {
+    Node* res = result();
+    if (!stopped() && res != nullptr) {
+      if (res->is_top()) {
         assert(false, "Can't determine return value.");
         C->record_method_not_compilable("Can't determine return value.");
       }
-      BasicType bt = result()->bottom_type()->basic_type();
-      push_node(bt, result());
+      BasicType bt = res->bottom_type()->basic_type();
+      if (C->inlining_incrementally() && res->is_InlineType()) {
+        // The caller expects an oop when incrementally inlining an intrinsic that returns an
+        // inline type. Make sure the call is re-executed if the allocation triggers a deoptimization.
+        PreserveReexecuteState preexecs(this);
+        jvms()->set_should_reexecute(true);
+        res = res->as_InlineType()->buffer(this);
+      }
+      push_node(bt, res);
     }
   }
 
@@ -168,27 +177,42 @@ class LibraryCallKit : public GraphKit {
                                          region, null_path,
                                          offset);
   }
+  Node* load_default_refined_array_klass(Node* klass_node, bool type_array_guard = true);
+  Node* load_non_refined_array_klass(Node* klass_node);
+
   Node* generate_klass_flags_guard(Node* kls, int modifier_mask, int modifier_bits, RegionNode* region,
                                    ByteSize offset, const Type* type, BasicType bt);
   Node* generate_misc_flags_guard(Node* kls,
                                   int modifier_mask, int modifier_bits,
                                   RegionNode* region);
   Node* generate_interface_guard(Node* kls, RegionNode* region);
+
+  enum ArrayKind {
+    AnyArray,
+    NonArray,
+    RefArray,
+    NonRefArray,
+    TypeArray
+  };
+
   Node* generate_hidden_class_guard(Node* kls, RegionNode* region);
+
   Node* generate_array_guard(Node* kls, RegionNode* region, Node** obj = nullptr) {
-    return generate_array_guard_common(kls, region, false, false, obj);
+    return generate_array_guard_common(kls, region, AnyArray, obj);
   }
   Node* generate_non_array_guard(Node* kls, RegionNode* region, Node** obj = nullptr) {
-    return generate_array_guard_common(kls, region, false, true, obj);
+    return generate_array_guard_common(kls, region, NonArray, obj);
+  }
+  Node* generate_refArray_guard(Node* kls, RegionNode* region, Node** obj = nullptr) {
+    return generate_array_guard_common(kls, region, RefArray, obj);
   }
-  Node* generate_objArray_guard(Node* kls, RegionNode* region, Node** obj = nullptr) {
-    return generate_array_guard_common(kls, region, true, false, obj);
+  Node* generate_non_refArray_guard(Node* kls, RegionNode* region, Node** obj = nullptr) {
+    return generate_array_guard_common(kls, region, NonRefArray, obj);
   }
-  Node* generate_non_objArray_guard(Node* kls, RegionNode* region, Node** obj = nullptr) {
-    return generate_array_guard_common(kls, region, true, true, obj);
+  Node* generate_typeArray_guard(Node* kls, RegionNode* region, Node** obj = nullptr) {
+    return generate_array_guard_common(kls, region, TypeArray, obj);
   }
-  Node* generate_array_guard_common(Node* kls, RegionNode* region,
-                                    bool obj_array, bool not_array, Node** obj = nullptr);
+  Node* generate_array_guard_common(Node* kls, RegionNode* region, ArrayKind kind, Node** obj = nullptr);
   Node* generate_virtual_guard(Node* obj_klass, RegionNode* slow_region);
   CallJavaNode* generate_method_call(vmIntrinsicID method_id, bool is_virtual, bool is_static, bool res_not_null);
   CallJavaNode* generate_method_call_static(vmIntrinsicID method_id, bool res_not_null) {
@@ -237,9 +261,13 @@ class LibraryCallKit : public GraphKit {
   typedef enum { Relaxed, Opaque, Volatile, Acquire, Release } AccessKind;
   DecoratorSet mo_decorator_for_access_kind(AccessKind kind);
   bool inline_unsafe_access(bool is_store, BasicType type, AccessKind kind, bool is_unaligned);
+  bool inline_unsafe_flat_access(bool is_store, AccessKind kind);
   static bool klass_needs_init_guard(Node* kls);
   bool inline_unsafe_allocate();
   bool inline_unsafe_newArray(bool uninitialized);
+  bool inline_newArray(bool null_free, bool atomic);
+  typedef enum { IsFlat, IsNullRestricted, IsAtomic } ArrayPropertiesCheck;
+  bool inline_getArrayProperties(ArrayPropertiesCheck check);
   bool inline_unsafe_writeback0();
   bool inline_unsafe_writebackSync0(bool is_pre);
   bool inline_unsafe_copyMemory();
@@ -272,9 +300,12 @@ class LibraryCallKit : public GraphKit {
   bool inline_native_try_update_epoch();
 #endif
   bool inline_native_Class_query(vmIntrinsics::ID id);
+  bool inline_primitive_Class_conversion(vmIntrinsics::ID id);
   bool inline_native_subtype_check();
   bool inline_native_getLength();
   bool inline_array_copyOf(bool is_copyOfRange);
+  void bail_out_from_array_copyOf(RegionNode* bailout_region);
+  static bool should_bail_out_on_non_ref_arrays(const TypeAryPtr* src_type, const TypeKlassPtr* dest_klass_type);
   bool inline_array_equals(StrIntrinsicNode::ArgEnc ae);
   bool inline_preconditions_checkIndex(BasicType bt);
   void copy_to_clone(Node* obj, Node* alloc_obj, Node* obj_size, bool is_array);
@@ -301,6 +332,10 @@ class LibraryCallKit : public GraphKit {
   typedef enum { LS_get_add, LS_get_set, LS_cmp_swap, LS_cmp_swap_weak, LS_cmp_exchange } LoadStoreKind;
   bool inline_unsafe_load_store(BasicType type,  LoadStoreKind kind, AccessKind access_kind);
   bool inline_unsafe_fence(vmIntrinsics::ID id);
+  bool inline_arrayInstanceBaseOffset();
+  bool inline_arrayInstanceIndexScale();
+  bool inline_arrayLayout();
+  bool inline_getFieldMap();
   bool inline_onspinwait();
   bool inline_fp_conversions(vmIntrinsics::ID id);
   bool inline_fp_range_check(vmIntrinsics::ID id);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/locknode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/locknode.cpp
index ff8900289d4..ab37ee8326f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/locknode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/locknode.cpp
@@ -190,6 +190,18 @@ bool FastLockNode::cmp( const Node &n ) const {
   return (&n == this);                // Always fail except on self
 }
 
+const Type* FastLockNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
+  const Type* in1_t = phase->type(in(1));
+  if (in1_t == Type::TOP) {
+    return Type::TOP;
+  }
+  if (in1_t->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+    // Locking on inline types always fails
+    return TypeInt::CC_GT;
+  }
+  return TypeInt::CC;
+}
+
 //=============================================================================
 //-----------------------------hash--------------------------------------------
 uint FastUnlockNode::hash() const { return NO_HASH; }
@@ -209,6 +221,12 @@ void Parse::do_monitor_enter() {
   // Check for locking null object
   if (stopped()) return;
 
+  {
+    // Synchronizing on an inline type is not allowed
+    BuildCutout unless(this, inline_type_test(obj, /* is_inline = */ false), PROB_MAX);
+    uncommon_trap_exact(Deoptimization::Reason_class_check, Deoptimization::Action_none);
+  }
+
   // the monitor object is not part of debug info expression stack
   pop();
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/locknode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/locknode.hpp
index 7d1507ae998..9d32b94befd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/locknode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/locknode.hpp
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ class BoxLockNode : public Node {
 
   void set_local()      {
     assert((_kind == Regular || _kind == Local || _kind == Coarsened),
-           "incorrect kind for Local transitioni: %s", _kind_name[(int)_kind]);
+           "incorrect kind for Local transition: %s", _kind_name[(int)_kind]);
     _kind = Local;
   }
   void set_nested()     {
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ class FastLockNode: public CmpNode {
   virtual uint size_of() const;
   virtual bool cmp( const Node &n ) const ;    // Always fail, except on self
   virtual int Opcode() const;
-  virtual const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const { return TypeInt::CC; }
+  virtual const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const;
   const Type *sub(const Type *t1, const Type *t2) const { return TypeInt::CC;}
 
 private:
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopUnswitch.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopUnswitch.cpp
index cc83bdda561..d3b325db359 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopUnswitch.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopUnswitch.cpp
@@ -125,7 +125,12 @@ bool IdealLoopTree::policy_unswitching(PhaseIdealLoop* phase) const {
   if (head->unswitch_count() + 1 > head->unswitch_max()) {
     return false;
   }
-  if (phase->find_unswitch_candidate(this) == nullptr) {
+
+  if (head->is_flat_arrays()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (no_unswitch_candidate()) {
     return false;
   }
 
@@ -133,9 +138,53 @@ bool IdealLoopTree::policy_unswitching(PhaseIdealLoop* phase) const {
   return phase->may_require_nodes(est_loop_clone_sz(2));
 }
 
+// Check the absence of any If node that can be used for Loop Unswitching. In that case, no Loop Unswitching can be done.
+bool IdealLoopTree::no_unswitch_candidate() const {
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  Node_List dont_care;
+  return _phase->find_unswitch_candidates(this, dont_care) == nullptr;
+}
+
 // Find an invariant test in the loop body that does not exit the loop. If multiple tests are found, we pick the first
-// one in the loop body. Return the "unswitch candidate" If to apply Loop Unswitching on.
-IfNode* PhaseIdealLoop::find_unswitch_candidate(const IdealLoopTree* loop) const {
+// one in the loop body as "unswitch candidate" to apply Loop Unswitching on.
+// Depending on whether we find such a candidate and if we do, whether it's a flat array check, we do the following:
+// (1) Candidate is not a flat array check:
+//     Return the unique unswitch candidate.
+// (2) Candidate is a flat array check:
+//     Collect all remaining non-loop-exiting flat array checks in the loop body in the provided 'flat_array_checks'
+//     list in order to create an unswitched loop version without any flat array checks and a version with checks
+//     (i.e. same as original loop). Return the initially found candidate which could be unique if no further flat array
+//     checks are found.
+// (3) No candidate is initially found:
+//     As in (2), we collect all non-loop-exiting flat array checks in the loop body in the provided 'flat_array_checks'
+//     list. Pick the first collected flat array check as unswitch candidate, which could be unique, and return it (a).
+//     If there are no flat array checks, we cannot apply Loop Unswitching (b).
+//
+// Note that for both (2) and (3a), if there are multiple flat array checks, then the candidate's FlatArrayCheckNode is
+// later updated in Loop Unswitching to perform a flat array check on all collected flat array checks.
+IfNode* PhaseIdealLoop::find_unswitch_candidates(const IdealLoopTree* loop, Node_List& flat_array_checks) const {
+  IfNode* unswitch_candidate = find_unswitch_candidate_from_idoms(loop);
+  if (unswitch_candidate != nullptr && !unswitch_candidate->is_flat_array_check(&_igvn)) {
+    // Case (1)
+    return unswitch_candidate;
+  }
+
+  collect_flat_array_checks(loop, flat_array_checks);
+  if (unswitch_candidate != nullptr) {
+    // Case (2)
+    assert(unswitch_candidate->is_flat_array_check(&_igvn), "is a flat array check");
+    return unswitch_candidate;
+  } else if (flat_array_checks.size() > 0) {
+    // Case (3a): Pick first one found as candidate (there could be multiple).
+    return flat_array_checks[0]->as_If();
+  }
+
+  // Case (3b): No suitable unswitch candidate found.
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+// Find an unswitch candidate by following the idom chain from the loop back edge.
+IfNode* PhaseIdealLoop::find_unswitch_candidate_from_idoms(const IdealLoopTree* loop) const {
   LoopNode* head = loop->_head->as_Loop();
   IfNode* unswitch_candidate = nullptr;
   Node* n = head->in(LoopNode::LoopBackControl);
@@ -162,6 +211,159 @@ IfNode* PhaseIdealLoop::find_unswitch_candidate(const IdealLoopTree* loop) const
   return unswitch_candidate;
 }
 
+// Collect all flat array checks in the provided 'flat_array_checks' list.
+void PhaseIdealLoop::collect_flat_array_checks(const IdealLoopTree* loop, Node_List& flat_array_checks) const {
+  assert(flat_array_checks.size() == 0, "should be empty initially");
+  for (uint i = 0; i < loop->_body.size(); i++) {
+    Node* next = loop->_body.at(i);
+    if (next->is_If() && next->as_If()->is_flat_array_check(&_igvn) && loop->is_invariant(next->in(1)) &&
+        !loop->is_loop_exit(next)) {
+      flat_array_checks.push(next);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// This class represents an "unswitch candidate" which is an If that can be used to perform Loop Unswitching on. If the
+// candidate is a flat array check candidate, then we also collect all remaining non-loop-exiting flat array checks.
+// These are candidates as well. We want to get rid of all these flat array checks in the true-path-loop for the
+// following reason:
+//
+// FlatArrayCheckNodes are used with array accesses to switch between a flat and a non-flat array access. We want
+// the performance impact on non-flat array accesses to be as small as possible. We therefore create the following
+// loops in Loop Unswitching:
+// - True-path-loop:  We remove all non-loop-exiting flat array checks to get a loop with only non-flat array accesses
+//                    (i.e. a fast path loop).
+// - False-path-loop: We keep all flat array checks in this loop (i.e. a slow path loop).
+class UnswitchCandidate : public StackObj {
+  PhaseIdealLoop* const _phase;
+  const Node_List& _old_new;
+  Node* const _original_loop_entry;
+  // If _candidate is a flat array check, this list contains all non-loop-exiting flat array checks in the loop body.
+  Node_List _flat_array_check_candidates;
+  IfNode* const _candidate;
+
+ public:
+  UnswitchCandidate(IdealLoopTree* loop, const Node_List& old_new)
+      : _phase(loop->_phase),
+        _old_new(old_new),
+        _original_loop_entry(loop->_head->as_Loop()->skip_strip_mined()->in(LoopNode::EntryControl)),
+        _flat_array_check_candidates(),
+        _candidate(find_unswitch_candidate(loop)) {}
+  NONCOPYABLE(UnswitchCandidate);
+
+  IfNode* find_unswitch_candidate(IdealLoopTree* loop) {
+    IfNode* unswitch_candidate = _phase->find_unswitch_candidates(loop, _flat_array_check_candidates);
+    assert(unswitch_candidate != nullptr, "guaranteed to exist by policy_unswitching");
+    assert(_phase->is_member(loop, unswitch_candidate), "must be inside original loop");
+    return unswitch_candidate;
+  }
+
+  IfNode* candidate() const {
+    return _candidate;
+  }
+
+  // Is the candidate a flat array check and are there other flat array checks as well?
+  bool has_multiple_flat_array_check_candidates() const {
+    return _flat_array_check_candidates.size() > 1;
+  }
+
+  // Remove all candidates from the true-path-loop which are now dominated by the loop selector
+  // (i.e. 'true_path_loop_proj'). The removed candidates are folded in the next IGVN round.
+  void update_in_true_path_loop(IfTrueNode* true_path_loop_proj) const {
+    remove_from_loop(true_path_loop_proj, _candidate);
+    if (has_multiple_flat_array_check_candidates()) {
+      remove_flat_array_checks(true_path_loop_proj);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Remove a unique candidate from the false-path-loop which is now dominated by the loop selector
+  // (i.e. 'false_path_loop_proj'). The removed candidate is folded in the next IGVN round. If there are multiple
+  // candidates (i.e. flat array checks), then we leave them in the false-path-loop and only mark the loop such that it
+  // is not unswitched anymore in later loop opts rounds.
+  void update_in_false_path_loop(IfFalseNode* false_path_loop_proj, LoopNode* false_path_loop) const {
+    if (has_multiple_flat_array_check_candidates()) {
+      // Leave the flat array checks in the false-path-loop and prevent it from being unswitched again based on these
+      // checks.
+      false_path_loop->mark_flat_arrays();
+    } else {
+      remove_from_loop(false_path_loop_proj, _old_new[_candidate->_idx]->as_If());
+    }
+  }
+
+ private:
+  void remove_from_loop(IfProjNode* dominating_proj, IfNode* candidate) const {
+    _phase->igvn().rehash_node_delayed(candidate);
+    _phase->dominated_by(dominating_proj, candidate);
+  }
+
+  void remove_flat_array_checks(IfProjNode* dominating_proj) const {
+    for (uint i = 0; i < _flat_array_check_candidates.size(); i++) {
+      IfNode* flat_array_check = _flat_array_check_candidates.at(i)->as_If();
+      _phase->igvn().rehash_node_delayed(flat_array_check);
+      _phase->dominated_by(dominating_proj, flat_array_check);
+    }
+  }
+
+ public:
+  // Merge all flat array checks into a single new BoolNode and return it.
+  BoolNode* merge_flat_array_checks() const {
+    assert(has_multiple_flat_array_check_candidates(), "must have multiple flat array checks to merge");
+    assert(_candidate->in(1)->as_Bool()->_test._test == BoolTest::ne, "IfTrue proj must point to flat array");
+    BoolNode* merged_flat_array_check_bool = create_bool_node();
+    create_flat_array_check_node(merged_flat_array_check_bool);
+    return merged_flat_array_check_bool;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  BoolNode* create_bool_node() const {
+    BoolNode* merged_flat_array_check_bool = _candidate->in(1)->clone()->as_Bool();
+    _phase->register_new_node(merged_flat_array_check_bool, _original_loop_entry);
+    return merged_flat_array_check_bool;
+  }
+
+  void create_flat_array_check_node(BoolNode* merged_flat_array_check_bool) const {
+    FlatArrayCheckNode* cloned_flat_array_check = merged_flat_array_check_bool->in(1)->clone()->as_FlatArrayCheck();
+    _phase->register_new_node(cloned_flat_array_check, _original_loop_entry);
+    merged_flat_array_check_bool->set_req(1, cloned_flat_array_check);
+    set_flat_array_check_inputs(cloned_flat_array_check);
+  }
+
+  // Combine all checks into a single one that fails if one array is flat.
+  void set_flat_array_check_inputs(FlatArrayCheckNode* cloned_flat_array_check) const {
+    uint total = FlatArrayCheckNode::ArrayOrKlass;
+    for (uint i = 0; i < _flat_array_check_candidates.size(); i++) {
+      Node* flat_array_check = _flat_array_check_candidates.at(i)->in(1)->in(1);
+      total += flat_array_check->req() - FlatArrayCheckNode::ArrayOrKlass;
+    }
+    cloned_flat_array_check->add_req_batch(_phase->C->top(), total - cloned_flat_array_check->req());
+    uint k = FlatArrayCheckNode::ArrayOrKlass;
+    for (uint i = 0; i < _flat_array_check_candidates.size(); i++) {
+      Node* flat_array_check = _flat_array_check_candidates.at(i)->in(1)->in(1);
+      for (uint j = FlatArrayCheckNode::ArrayOrKlass; j < flat_array_check->req(); j++) {
+        cloned_flat_array_check->set_req(k, flat_array_check->in(j));
+        k++;
+      }
+    }
+    assert(k == total, "missed some checks?");
+  }
+
+ public:
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+  void trace_flat_array_checks() const {
+    if (has_multiple_flat_array_check_candidates()) {
+      tty->print_cr("- Unswitched and Merged Flat Array Checks:");
+      for (uint i = 0; i < _flat_array_check_candidates.size(); i++) {
+        Node* unswitch_iff = _flat_array_check_candidates.at(i);
+        Node* cloned_unswitch_iff = _old_new[unswitch_iff->_idx];
+        assert(cloned_unswitch_iff != nullptr, "must exist");
+        tty->print_cr("  - %d %s  ->  %d %s", unswitch_iff->_idx, unswitch_iff->Name(),
+                      cloned_unswitch_iff->_idx, cloned_unswitch_iff->Name());
+      }
+    }
+  }
+#endif // NOT PRODUCT
+};
+
 // LoopSelector is used for loop multiversioning and unswitching. This class creates an If node (i.e. loop selector)
 // that selects if the true-path-loop or the false-path-loop should be executed at runtime.
 class LoopSelector : public StackObj {
@@ -176,7 +378,9 @@ class LoopSelector : public StackObj {
   IfTrueNode* const _true_path_loop_proj;
   IfFalseNode* const _false_path_loop_proj;
 
-  enum PathToLoop { TRUE_PATH, FALSE_PATH };
+  enum PathToLoop {
+    TRUE_PATH, FALSE_PATH
+  };
 
  public:
   // For multiversioning: create a new selector (multiversion_if) from a bol condition.
@@ -192,7 +396,7 @@ class LoopSelector : public StackObj {
 
   // For unswitching: create an unswitching if before the loop, from a pre-existing
   //                  unswitching_candidate inside the loop.
-  LoopSelector(IdealLoopTree* loop, IfNode* unswitch_candidate)
+  LoopSelector(IdealLoopTree* loop, const UnswitchCandidate& unswitch_candidate)
       : _phase(loop->_phase),
         _outer_loop(loop->skip_strip_mined()->_parent),
         _original_loop_entry(loop->_head->as_Loop()->skip_strip_mined()->in(LoopNode::EntryControl)),
@@ -203,6 +407,7 @@ class LoopSelector : public StackObj {
   }
   NONCOPYABLE(LoopSelector);
 
+ private:
   IfNode* create_multiversioning_if(Node* bol, float prob, float fcnt) {
     _phase->igvn().rehash_node_delayed(_original_loop_entry);
     IfNode* selector_if = new IfNode(_original_loop_entry, bol, prob, fcnt);
@@ -210,16 +415,21 @@ class LoopSelector : public StackObj {
     return selector_if;
   }
 
-  IfNode* create_unswitching_if(IfNode* unswitch_candidate) {
+  IfNode* create_unswitching_if(const UnswitchCandidate& unswitch_candidate) {
+    const uint dom_depth = _phase->dom_depth(_original_loop_entry);
     _phase->igvn().rehash_node_delayed(_original_loop_entry);
-    BoolNode* unswitch_candidate_bool = unswitch_candidate->in(1)->as_Bool();
-    IfNode* selector_if = IfNode::make_with_same_profile(unswitch_candidate, _original_loop_entry,
-                                                         unswitch_candidate_bool);
-    _phase->register_node(selector_if, _outer_loop, _original_loop_entry, _dom_depth);
+    IfNode* unswitch_candidate_if = unswitch_candidate.candidate();
+    BoolNode* selector_bool;
+    if (unswitch_candidate.has_multiple_flat_array_check_candidates()) {
+      selector_bool = unswitch_candidate.merge_flat_array_checks();
+    } else {
+      selector_bool = unswitch_candidate_if->in(1)->as_Bool();
+    }
+    IfNode* selector_if = IfNode::make_with_same_profile(unswitch_candidate_if, _original_loop_entry, selector_bool);
+    _phase->register_node(selector_if, _outer_loop, _original_loop_entry, dom_depth);
     return selector_if;
   }
 
- private:
   IfProjNode* create_proj_to_loop(const PathToLoop path_to_loop) {
     IfProjNode* proj_to_loop;
     if (path_to_loop == TRUE_PATH) {
@@ -249,26 +459,17 @@ class LoopSelector : public StackObj {
 // executed at runtime. This is done by finding an invariant and non-loop-exiting unswitch candidate If node (guaranteed
 // to exist at this point) to perform Loop Unswitching on.
 class UnswitchedLoopSelector : public StackObj {
-  IfNode* const _unswitch_candidate;
+  const UnswitchCandidate& _unswitch_candidate;
   const LoopSelector _loop_selector;
 
  public:
-  UnswitchedLoopSelector(IdealLoopTree* loop)
-      : _unswitch_candidate(find_unswitch_candidate(loop)),
+  UnswitchedLoopSelector(IdealLoopTree* loop, const UnswitchCandidate& unswitch_candidate)
+      : _unswitch_candidate(unswitch_candidate),
         _loop_selector(loop, _unswitch_candidate) {}
   NONCOPYABLE(UnswitchedLoopSelector);
 
- private:
-  static IfNode* find_unswitch_candidate(IdealLoopTree* loop) {
-    IfNode* unswitch_candidate = loop->_phase->find_unswitch_candidate(loop);
-    assert(unswitch_candidate != nullptr, "guaranteed to exist by policy_unswitching");
-    assert(loop->_phase->is_member(loop, unswitch_candidate), "must be inside original loop");
-    return unswitch_candidate;
-  }
-
- public:
-  IfNode* unswitch_candidate() const {
-    return _unswitch_candidate;
+  IfNode* selector_if() const {
+    return _loop_selector.selector();
   }
 
   const LoopSelector& loop_selector() const {
@@ -298,7 +499,6 @@ class OriginalLoop : public StackObj {
   // Remove the unswitch candidate If from both unswitched loop versions which are now covered by the loop selector If.
   void unswitch(const UnswitchedLoopSelector& unswitched_loop_selector) {
     multiversion(unswitched_loop_selector.loop_selector());
-    remove_unswitch_candidate_from_loops(unswitched_loop_selector);
   }
 
   // Multiversion the original loop. The loop selector if selects between the original loop (true-path-loop), and
@@ -363,20 +563,6 @@ class OriginalLoop : public StackObj {
   Node* old_to_new(const Node* old) const {
     return _old_new[old->_idx];
   }
-
-  // Remove the unswitch candidate If nodes in both unswitched loop versions which are now dominated by the loop selector
-  // If node. Keep the true-path-path in the true-path-loop and the false-path-path in the false-path-loop by setting
-  // the bool input accordingly. The unswitch candidate If nodes are folded in the next IGVN round.
-  void remove_unswitch_candidate_from_loops(const UnswitchedLoopSelector& unswitched_loop_selector) {
-    const LoopSelector& loop_selector = unswitched_loop_selector.loop_selector();;
-    IfNode* unswitch_candidate        = unswitched_loop_selector.unswitch_candidate();
-    _phase->igvn().rehash_node_delayed(unswitch_candidate);
-    _phase->dominated_by(loop_selector.true_path_loop_proj(), unswitch_candidate);
-
-    IfNode* unswitch_candidate_clone = _old_new[unswitch_candidate->_idx]->as_If();
-    _phase->igvn().rehash_node_delayed(unswitch_candidate_clone);
-    _phase->dominated_by(loop_selector.false_path_loop_proj(), unswitch_candidate_clone);
-  }
 };
 
 // See comments below file header for more information about Loop Unswitching.
@@ -394,17 +580,21 @@ void PhaseIdealLoop::do_unswitching(IdealLoopTree* loop, Node_List& old_new) {
 
   revert_to_normal_loop(original_head);
 
-  const UnswitchedLoopSelector unswitched_loop_selector(loop);
+  const UnswitchCandidate unswitch_candidate(loop, old_new);
+  const UnswitchedLoopSelector unswitched_loop_selector(loop, unswitch_candidate);
   OriginalLoop original_loop(loop, old_new);
   original_loop.unswitch(unswitched_loop_selector);
 
-  hoist_invariant_check_casts(loop, old_new, unswitched_loop_selector);
+  unswitch_candidate.update_in_true_path_loop(unswitched_loop_selector.loop_selector().true_path_loop_proj());
+  unswitch_candidate.update_in_false_path_loop(unswitched_loop_selector.loop_selector().false_path_loop_proj(),
+                                               old_new[original_head->_idx]->as_Loop());
+  hoist_invariant_check_casts(loop, old_new, unswitch_candidate, unswitched_loop_selector.selector_if());
   add_unswitched_loop_version_bodies_to_igvn(loop, old_new);
 
   LoopNode* new_head = old_new[original_head->_idx]->as_Loop();
   increment_unswitch_counts(original_head, new_head);
 
-  NOT_PRODUCT(trace_loop_unswitching_result(unswitched_loop_selector, original_head, new_head);)
+  NOT_PRODUCT(trace_loop_unswitching_result(unswitched_loop_selector, unswitch_candidate, original_head, new_head);)
   C->print_method(PHASE_AFTER_LOOP_UNSWITCHING, 4, new_head);
   C->set_major_progress();
 }
@@ -611,15 +801,17 @@ void PhaseIdealLoop::trace_loop_unswitching_count(IdealLoopTree* loop, LoopNode*
 }
 
 void PhaseIdealLoop::trace_loop_unswitching_result(const UnswitchedLoopSelector& unswitched_loop_selector,
+                                                   const UnswitchCandidate& unswitch_candidate,
                                                    const LoopNode* original_head, const LoopNode* new_head) {
   if (TraceLoopUnswitching) {
-    IfNode* unswitch_candidate = unswitched_loop_selector.unswitch_candidate();
-    IfNode* loop_selector = unswitched_loop_selector.loop_selector().selector();
+    IfNode* unswitch_candidate_if = unswitch_candidate.candidate();
+    IfNode* loop_selector = unswitched_loop_selector.selector_if();
     tty->print_cr("Loop Unswitching:");
-    tty->print_cr("- Unswitch-Candidate-If: %d %s", unswitch_candidate->_idx, unswitch_candidate->Name());
+    tty->print_cr("- Unswitch-Candidate-If: %d %s", unswitch_candidate_if->_idx, unswitch_candidate_if->Name());
     tty->print_cr("- Loop-Selector-If: %d %s", loop_selector->_idx, loop_selector->Name());
     tty->print_cr("- True-Path-Loop (=Orig): %d %s", original_head->_idx, original_head->Name());
     tty->print_cr("- False-Path-Loop (=Clone): %d %s", new_head->_idx, new_head->Name());
+    unswitch_candidate.trace_flat_array_checks();
   }
 }
 
@@ -646,13 +838,13 @@ void PhaseIdealLoop::revert_to_normal_loop(const LoopNode* loop_head) {
 
 // Hoist invariant CheckCastPPNodes out of each unswitched loop version to the appropriate loop selector If projection.
 void PhaseIdealLoop::hoist_invariant_check_casts(const IdealLoopTree* loop, const Node_List& old_new,
-                                                 const UnswitchedLoopSelector& unswitched_loop_selector) {
-  IfNode* unswitch_candidate = unswitched_loop_selector.unswitch_candidate();
-  IfNode* loop_selector = unswitched_loop_selector.loop_selector().selector();
+                                                 const UnswitchCandidate& unswitch_candidate,
+                                                 const IfNode* loop_selector) {
   ResourceMark rm;
   GrowableArray<CheckCastPPNode*> loop_invariant_check_casts;
-  for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = unswitch_candidate->fast_outs(imax); i < imax; i++) {
-    IfProjNode* proj = unswitch_candidate->fast_out(i)->as_IfProj();
+  const IfNode* unswitch_candidate_if = unswitch_candidate.candidate();
+  for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = unswitch_candidate_if->fast_outs(imax); i < imax; i++) {
+    IfProjNode* proj = unswitch_candidate_if->fast_out(i)->as_IfProj();
     // Copy to a worklist for easier manipulation
     for (DUIterator_Fast jmax, j = proj->fast_outs(jmax); j < jmax; j++) {
       CheckCastPPNode* check_cast = proj->fast_out(j)->isa_CheckCastPP();
@@ -667,9 +859,12 @@ void PhaseIdealLoop::hoist_invariant_check_casts(const IdealLoopTree* loop, cons
       cast_clone->set_req(0, loop_selector_if_proj);
       _igvn.replace_input_of(cast, 1, cast_clone);
       register_new_node(cast_clone, loop_selector_if_proj);
-      // Same for the clone
-      Node* use_clone = old_new[cast->_idx];
-      _igvn.replace_input_of(use_clone, 1, cast_clone);
+      // Same for the false-path-loop if there are not multiple flat array checks (in that case we leave the
+      // false-path-loop unchanged).
+      if (!unswitch_candidate.has_multiple_flat_array_check_candidates()) {
+        Node* use_clone = old_new[cast->_idx];
+        _igvn.replace_input_of(use_clone, 1, cast_clone);
+      }
     }
   }
 }
@@ -677,7 +872,7 @@ void PhaseIdealLoop::hoist_invariant_check_casts(const IdealLoopTree* loop, cons
 // Enable more optimizations possibilities in the next IGVN round.
 void PhaseIdealLoop::add_unswitched_loop_version_bodies_to_igvn(IdealLoopTree* loop, const Node_List& old_new) {
   loop->record_for_igvn();
-  for(int i = loop->_body.size() - 1; i >= 0 ; i--) {
+  for (int i = loop->_body.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
     Node* n = loop->_body[i];
     Node* n_clone = old_new[n->_idx];
     _igvn._worklist.push(n_clone);
@@ -689,4 +884,3 @@ void PhaseIdealLoop::increment_unswitch_counts(LoopNode* original_head, LoopNode
   original_head->set_unswitch_count(unswitch_count);
   new_head->set_unswitch_count(unswitch_count);
 }
-
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.hpp
index 71a159352a4..e1f4300949a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.hpp
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ class OuterStripMinedLoopEndNode;
 class PredicateBlock;
 class PathFrequency;
 class PhaseIdealLoop;
+class UnswitchCandidate;
 class LoopSelector;
 class ReachabilityFenceNode;
 class UnswitchedLoopSelector;
@@ -86,7 +87,7 @@ class LoopNode : public RegionNode {
          MultiversionSlowLoop         = 2<<17,
          MultiversionDelayedSlowLoop  = 3<<17,
          MultiversionFlagsMask        = 3<<17,
-       };
+         FlatArrays            = 1<<18};
   char _unswitch_count;
   enum { _unswitch_max=3 };
 
@@ -109,6 +110,7 @@ class LoopNode : public RegionNode {
   bool is_subword_loop() const { return _loop_flags & SubwordLoop; }
   bool is_loop_nest_inner_loop() const { return _loop_flags & LoopNestInnerLoop; }
   bool is_loop_nest_outer_loop() const { return _loop_flags & LoopNestLongOuterLoop; }
+  bool is_flat_arrays() const { return _loop_flags & FlatArrays; }
 
   void mark_partial_peel_failed() { _loop_flags |= PartialPeelFailed; }
   void mark_was_slp() { _loop_flags |= WasSlpAnalyzed; }
@@ -122,6 +124,7 @@ class LoopNode : public RegionNode {
   void mark_subword_loop() { _loop_flags |= SubwordLoop; }
   void mark_loop_nest_inner_loop() { _loop_flags |= LoopNestInnerLoop; }
   void mark_loop_nest_outer_loop() { _loop_flags |= LoopNestLongOuterLoop; }
+  void mark_flat_arrays() { _loop_flags |= FlatArrays; }
 
   int unswitch_max() { return _unswitch_max; }
   int unswitch_count() { return _unswitch_count; }
@@ -739,6 +742,7 @@ class IdealLoopTree : public ResourceObj {
   // Return TRUE or FALSE if the loop should be unswitched -- clone
   // loop with an invariant test
   bool policy_unswitching( PhaseIdealLoop *phase ) const;
+  bool no_unswitch_candidate() const;
 
   // Micro-benchmark spamming.  Remove empty loops.
   bool do_remove_empty_loop( PhaseIdealLoop *phase );
@@ -1663,14 +1667,15 @@ class PhaseIdealLoop : public PhaseTransform {
   // execute.
   void do_unswitching(IdealLoopTree* loop, Node_List& old_new);
 
-  IfNode* find_unswitch_candidate(const IdealLoopTree* loop) const;
+  IfNode* find_unswitch_candidates(const IdealLoopTree* loop, Node_List& flat_array_checks) const;
+  IfNode* find_unswitch_candidate_from_idoms(const IdealLoopTree* loop) const;
 
  private:
   static bool has_control_dependencies_from_predicates(LoopNode* head);
   static void revert_to_normal_loop(const LoopNode* loop_head);
 
   void hoist_invariant_check_casts(const IdealLoopTree* loop, const Node_List& old_new,
-                                   const UnswitchedLoopSelector& unswitched_loop_selector);
+                                   const UnswitchCandidate& unswitch_candidate, const IfNode* loop_selector);
   void add_unswitched_loop_version_bodies_to_igvn(IdealLoopTree* loop, const Node_List& old_new);
   static void increment_unswitch_counts(LoopNode* original_head, LoopNode* new_head);
   void remove_unswitch_candidate_from_loops(const Node_List& old_new, const UnswitchedLoopSelector& unswitched_loop_selector);
@@ -1678,6 +1683,7 @@ class PhaseIdealLoop : public PhaseTransform {
   static void trace_loop_unswitching_count(IdealLoopTree* loop, LoopNode* original_head);
   static void trace_loop_unswitching_impossible(const LoopNode* original_head);
   static void trace_loop_unswitching_result(const UnswitchedLoopSelector& unswitched_loop_selector,
+                                            const UnswitchCandidate& unswitch_candidate,
                                             const LoopNode* original_head, const LoopNode* new_head);
   static void trace_loop_multiversioning_result(const LoopSelector& loop_selector,
                                                 const LoopNode* original_head, const LoopNode* new_head);
@@ -1869,7 +1875,9 @@ class PhaseIdealLoop : public PhaseTransform {
   Node* place_outside_loop(Node* useblock, IdealLoopTree* loop) const;
   Node* try_move_store_before_loop(Node* n, Node *n_ctrl);
   void try_move_store_after_loop(Node* n);
+  void move_flat_array_check_out_of_loop(Node* n);
   bool identical_backtoback_ifs(Node *n);
+  bool flat_array_element_type_check(Node *n);
   bool can_split_if(Node *n_ctrl);
   bool cannot_split_division(const Node* n, const Node* region) const;
   static bool is_divisor_loop_phi(const Node* divisor, const Node* loop);
@@ -2060,6 +2068,8 @@ class PhaseIdealLoop : public PhaseTransform {
 
   void pin_nodes_dependent_on(Node* ctrl, bool old_iff_is_rangecheck);
 
+  void collect_flat_array_checks(const IdealLoopTree* loop, Node_List& flat_array_checks) const;
+
   Node* ensure_node_and_inputs_are_above_pre_end(CountedLoopEndNode* pre_end, Node* node);
 
   Node* new_assertion_predicate_opaque_init(Node* entry_control, Node* init, Node* int_zero);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp
index ccd53129a87..2077b232cef 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "opto/castnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/connode.hpp"
 #include "opto/divnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/loopnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/matcher.hpp"
 #include "opto/movenode.hpp"
@@ -63,6 +64,12 @@ Node* PhaseIdealLoop::split_thru_phi(Node* n, Node* region, int policy) {
     return nullptr;
   }
 
+  // Inline types should not be split through Phis because they cannot be merged
+  // through Phi nodes but each value input needs to be merged individually.
+  if (n->is_InlineType()) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
   if (cannot_split_division(n, region)) {
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -1116,6 +1123,54 @@ void PhaseIdealLoop::try_move_store_after_loop(Node* n) {
   }
 }
 
+// We can't use immutable memory for the flat array check because we are loading the mark word which is
+// mutable. Although the bits we are interested in are immutable (we check for markWord::unlocked_value),
+// we need to use raw memory to not break anti dependency analysis. Below code will attempt to still move
+// flat array checks out of loops, mainly to enable loop unswitching.
+void PhaseIdealLoop::move_flat_array_check_out_of_loop(Node* n) {
+  // Skip checks for more than one array
+  if (n->req() > 3) {
+    return;
+  }
+  Node* mem = n->in(FlatArrayCheckNode::Memory);
+  Node* array = n->in(FlatArrayCheckNode::ArrayOrKlass)->uncast();
+  IdealLoopTree* check_loop = get_loop(get_ctrl(n));
+  IdealLoopTree* ary_loop = get_loop(get_ctrl(array));
+
+  // Check if array is loop invariant
+  if (!check_loop->is_member(ary_loop)) {
+    // Walk up memory graph from the check until we leave the loop
+    VectorSet wq;
+    wq.set(mem->_idx);
+    while (check_loop->is_member(get_loop(ctrl_or_self(mem)))) {
+      if (mem->is_Phi()) {
+        mem = mem->in(1);
+      } else if (mem->is_MergeMem()) {
+        mem = mem->as_MergeMem()->memory_at(Compile::AliasIdxRaw);
+      } else if (mem->is_Proj()) {
+        mem = mem->in(0);
+      } else if (mem->is_MemBar() || mem->is_SafePoint()) {
+        mem = mem->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
+      } else if (mem->is_Store() || mem->is_LoadStore() || mem->is_ClearArray()) {
+        mem = mem->in(MemNode::Memory);
+      } else {
+#ifdef ASSERT
+        mem->dump();
+#endif
+        ShouldNotReachHere();
+      }
+      if (wq.test_set(mem->_idx)) {
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+    // Replace memory input and re-compute ctrl to move the check out of the loop
+    _igvn.replace_input_of(n, 1, mem);
+    set_ctrl_and_loop(n, get_early_ctrl(n));
+    Node* bol = n->unique_out();
+    set_ctrl_and_loop(bol, get_early_ctrl(bol));
+  }
+}
+
 //------------------------------split_if_with_blocks_pre-----------------------
 // Do the real work in a non-recursive function.  Data nodes want to be
 // cloned in the pre-order so they can feed each other nicely.
@@ -1128,6 +1183,12 @@ Node *PhaseIdealLoop::split_if_with_blocks_pre( Node *n ) {
   if (n->is_Proj()) {
     return n;
   }
+
+  if (n->isa_FlatArrayCheck()) {
+    move_flat_array_check_out_of_loop(n);
+    return n;
+  }
+
   // Do not clone-up CmpFXXX variations, as these are always
   // followed by a CmpI
   if (n->is_Cmp()) {
@@ -1407,12 +1468,120 @@ static Node* is_inner_of_stripmined_loop(const Node* out) {
   return out_le;
 }
 
+bool PhaseIdealLoop::flat_array_element_type_check(Node *n) {
+  // If the CmpP is a subtype check for a value that has just been
+  // loaded from an array, the subtype check guarantees the value
+  // can't be stored in a flat array and the load of the value
+  // happens with a flat array check then: push the type check
+  // through the phi of the flat array check. This needs special
+  // logic because the subtype check's input is not a phi but a
+  // LoadKlass that must first be cloned through the phi.
+  if (n->Opcode() != Op_CmpP) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  Node* klassptr = n->in(1);
+  Node* klasscon = n->in(2);
+
+  if (klassptr->is_DecodeNarrowPtr()) {
+    klassptr = klassptr->in(1);
+  }
+
+  if (klassptr->Opcode() != Op_LoadKlass && klassptr->Opcode() != Op_LoadNKlass) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (!klasscon->is_Con()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  Node* addr = klassptr->in(MemNode::Address);
+
+  if (!addr->is_AddP()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  intptr_t offset;
+  Node* obj = AddPNode::Ideal_base_and_offset(addr, &_igvn, offset);
+
+  if (obj == nullptr) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // TODO 8378077: The code below does not work anymore with off-heap accesses which set their bases to top with
+  // JDK-8373343. Also: flat_array_element_type_check() was introduced with JDK-8228622 for a specific check to enable
+  // split-if but JDK-8245729 changed how that check looks like. Is it still relevant? This should be revisited.
+  if (addr->in(AddPNode::Base)->is_top()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (obj->Opcode() == Op_CastPP) {
+    obj = obj->in(1);
+  }
+
+  if (!obj->is_Phi()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  Node* region = obj->in(0);
+
+  Node* phi = PhiNode::make_blank(region, n->in(1));
+  for (uint i = 1; i < region->req(); i++) {
+    Node* in = obj->in(i);
+    Node* ctrl = region->in(i);
+    if (addr->in(AddPNode::Base) != obj) {
+      Node* cast = addr->in(AddPNode::Base);
+      assert(cast->Opcode() == Op_CastPP && cast->in(0) != nullptr, "inconsistent subgraph");
+      Node* cast_clone = cast->clone();
+      cast_clone->set_req(0, ctrl);
+      cast_clone->set_req(1, in);
+      register_new_node(cast_clone, ctrl);
+      const Type* tcast = cast_clone->Value(&_igvn);
+      _igvn.set_type(cast_clone, tcast);
+      cast_clone->as_Type()->set_type(tcast);
+      in = cast_clone;
+    }
+    Node* addr_clone = addr->clone();
+    addr_clone->set_req(AddPNode::Base, in);
+    addr_clone->set_req(AddPNode::Address, in);
+    register_new_node(addr_clone, ctrl);
+    _igvn.set_type(addr_clone, addr_clone->Value(&_igvn));
+    Node* klassptr_clone = klassptr->clone();
+    klassptr_clone->set_req(2, addr_clone);
+    register_new_node(klassptr_clone, ctrl);
+    _igvn.set_type(klassptr_clone, klassptr_clone->Value(&_igvn));
+    if (klassptr != n->in(1)) {
+      Node* decode = n->in(1);
+      assert(decode->is_DecodeNarrowPtr(), "inconsistent subgraph");
+      Node* decode_clone = decode->clone();
+      decode_clone->set_req(1, klassptr_clone);
+      register_new_node(decode_clone, ctrl);
+      _igvn.set_type(decode_clone, decode_clone->Value(&_igvn));
+      klassptr_clone = decode_clone;
+    }
+    phi->set_req(i, klassptr_clone);
+  }
+  register_new_node(phi, region);
+  Node* orig = n->in(1);
+  _igvn.replace_input_of(n, 1, phi);
+  split_if_with_blocks_post(n);
+  if (n->outcnt() != 0) {
+    _igvn.replace_input_of(n, 1, orig);
+    _igvn.remove_dead_node(phi, PhaseIterGVN::NodeOrigin::Graph);
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
 //------------------------------split_if_with_blocks_post----------------------
 // Do the real work in a non-recursive function.  CFG hackery wants to be
 // in the post-order, so it can dirty the I-DOM info and not use the dirtied
 // info.
 void PhaseIdealLoop::split_if_with_blocks_post(Node *n) {
 
+  if (flat_array_element_type_check(n)) {
+    return;
+  }
+
   // Cloning Cmp through Phi's involves the split-if transform.
   // FastLock is not used by an If
   if (n->is_Cmp() && !n->is_FastLock()) {
@@ -1561,6 +1730,11 @@ void PhaseIdealLoop::split_if_with_blocks_post(Node *n) {
   }
 
   try_move_store_after_loop(n);
+
+  // Remove multiple allocations of the same inline type
+  if (n->is_InlineType()) {
+    n->as_InlineType()->remove_redundant_allocations(this);
+  }
 }
 
 // Transform:
@@ -2075,10 +2249,18 @@ Node* PhaseIdealLoop::clone_iff(PhiNode* phi) {
   } else {
     sample_bool = n;
   }
-  Node *sample_cmp = sample_bool->in(1);
+  Node* sample_cmp = sample_bool->in(1);
+  const Type* t = Type::TOP;
+  const TypePtr* at = nullptr;
+  if (sample_cmp->is_FlatArrayCheck()) {
+    // Left input of a FlatArrayCheckNode is memory, set the (adr) type of the phi accordingly
+    assert(sample_cmp->in(1)->bottom_type() == Type::MEMORY, "unexpected input type");
+    t = Type::MEMORY;
+    at = TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM;
+  }
 
   // Make Phis to merge the Cmp's inputs.
-  PhiNode *phi1 = new PhiNode(phi->in(0), Type::TOP);
+  PhiNode *phi1 = new PhiNode(phi->in(0), t, at);
   PhiNode *phi2 = new PhiNode(phi->in(0), Type::TOP);
   for (i = 1; i < phi->req(); i++) {
     Node *n1 = sample_opaque == nullptr ? phi->in(i)->in(1)->in(1) : phi->in(i)->in(1)->in(1)->in(1);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/machnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/machnode.cpp
index c35861df735..7990cb3a7c8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/machnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/machnode.cpp
@@ -416,6 +416,22 @@ const class TypePtr *MachNode::adr_type() const {
   }
   assert(tp->base() != Type::AnyPtr, "not a bare pointer");
 
+  if (tp->isa_aryptr()) {
+    // In the case of a flat inline type array, each field has its
+    // own slice so we need to extract the field being accessed from
+    // the address computation
+    if (offset == Type::OffsetBot) {
+      Node* base;
+      Node* index;
+      const MachOper* oper = memory_inputs(base, index);
+      if (oper != (MachOper*)-1) {
+        offset = oper->constant_disp();
+        return tp->is_aryptr()->add_field_offset_and_offset(offset)->add_offset(Type::OffsetBot);
+      }
+    }
+    return tp->is_aryptr()->add_field_offset_and_offset(offset);
+  }
+
   return tp->add_offset(offset);
 }
 
@@ -487,6 +503,11 @@ void MachNode::method_set( intptr_t addr ) {
 
 //------------------------------rematerialize----------------------------------
 bool MachNode::rematerialize() const {
+  // Never rematerialize CastI2N because it might "hide" narrow oops from a safepoint
+  if (ideal_Opcode() == Op_CastI2N) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
   // Temps are always rematerializable
   if (is_MachTemp()) return true;
 
@@ -710,8 +731,8 @@ const RegMask &MachSafePointNode::in_RegMask( uint idx ) const {
 
 bool MachCallNode::cmp( const Node &n ) const
 { return _tf == ((MachCallNode&)n)._tf; }
-const Type *MachCallNode::bottom_type() const { return tf()->range(); }
-const Type* MachCallNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const { return tf()->range(); }
+const Type *MachCallNode::bottom_type() const { return tf()->range_cc(); }
+const Type* MachCallNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const { return tf()->range_cc(); }
 
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 void MachCallNode::dump_spec(outputStream *st) const {
@@ -722,9 +743,8 @@ void MachCallNode::dump_spec(outputStream *st) const {
 }
 #endif
 
-#ifndef _LP64
 bool MachCallNode::return_value_is_used() const {
-  if (tf()->range()->cnt() == TypeFunc::Parms) {
+  if (tf()->range_sig()->cnt() == TypeFunc::Parms) {
     // void return
     return false;
   }
@@ -739,22 +759,30 @@ bool MachCallNode::return_value_is_used() const {
   }
   return false;
 }
-#endif
 
 // Similar to cousin class CallNode::returns_pointer
 // Because this is used in deoptimization, we want the type info, not the data
 // flow info; the interpreter will "use" things that are dead to the optimizer.
 bool MachCallNode::returns_pointer() const {
-  const TypeTuple *r = tf()->range();
+  const TypeTuple *r = tf()->range_sig();
   return (r->cnt() > TypeFunc::Parms &&
           r->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms)->isa_ptr());
 }
 
+bool MachCallNode::returns_scalarized() const {
+  return tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields();
+}
+
 //------------------------------Registers--------------------------------------
 const RegMask &MachCallNode::in_RegMask(uint idx) const {
   // Values in the domain use the users calling convention, embodied in the
   // _in_rms array of RegMasks.
-  if (idx < tf()->domain()->cnt()) {
+  if (entry_point() == nullptr && idx == TypeFunc::Parms) {
+    // Null entry point is a special cast where the target of the call
+    // is in a register.
+    return MachNode::in_RegMask(idx);
+  }
+  if (idx < tf()->domain_sig()->cnt()) {
     return _in_rms[idx];
   }
   if (idx == mach_constant_base_node_input()) {
@@ -785,7 +813,7 @@ void MachCallJavaNode::dump_spec(outputStream *st) const {
 const RegMask &MachCallJavaNode::in_RegMask(uint idx) const {
   // Values in the domain use the users calling convention, embodied in the
   // _in_rms array of RegMasks.
-  if (idx < tf()->domain()->cnt()) {
+  if (idx < tf()->domain_cc()->cnt()) {
     return _in_rms[idx];
   }
   if (idx == mach_constant_base_node_input()) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/machnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/machnode.hpp
index ecca86ceae4..ffa6e1ad9dc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/machnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/machnode.hpp
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ class MachPrologNode;
 class MachReturnNode;
 class MachSafePointNode;
 class MachSpillCopyNode;
+class MachVEPNode;
 class Matcher;
 class PhaseRegAlloc;
 class RegMask;
@@ -510,13 +511,42 @@ class MachConstantNode : public MachNode {
   virtual uint size_of() const { return sizeof(MachConstantNode); }
 };
 
+//------------------------------MachVEPNode-----------------------------------
+// Machine Inline Type Entry Point Node
+class MachVEPNode : public MachIdealNode {
+public:
+  Label* _verified_entry;
+
+  MachVEPNode(Label* verified_entry, bool verified, bool receiver_only) :
+    _verified_entry(verified_entry),
+    _verified(verified),
+    _receiver_only(receiver_only) {
+    init_class_id(Class_MachVEP);
+  }
+  virtual bool cmp(const Node &n) const {
+    return (_verified_entry == ((MachVEPNode&)n)._verified_entry) &&
+           (_verified == ((MachVEPNode&)n)._verified) &&
+           (_receiver_only == ((MachVEPNode&)n)._receiver_only) &&
+           MachIdealNode::cmp(n);
+  }
+  virtual uint size_of() const { return sizeof(*this); }
+  virtual void emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc* ra_) const;
+
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+  virtual const char* Name() const { return "InlineType Entry-Point"; }
+  virtual void format(PhaseRegAlloc*, outputStream* st) const;
+#endif
+private:
+  bool   _verified;
+  bool   _receiver_only;
+};
+
 //------------------------------MachUEPNode-----------------------------------
 // Machine Unvalidated Entry Point Node
 class MachUEPNode : public MachIdealNode {
 public:
   MachUEPNode( ) {}
   virtual void emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const;
-  virtual uint size(PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const;
 
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   virtual const char *Name() const { return "Unvalidated-Entry-Point"; }
@@ -528,9 +558,16 @@ class MachUEPNode : public MachIdealNode {
 // Machine function Prolog Node
 class MachPrologNode : public MachIdealNode {
 public:
-  MachPrologNode( ) {}
+  Label* _verified_entry;
+
+  MachPrologNode(Label* verified_entry) : _verified_entry(verified_entry) {
+    init_class_id(Class_MachProlog);
+  }
+  virtual bool cmp(const Node &n) const {
+    return (_verified_entry == ((MachPrologNode&)n)._verified_entry) && MachIdealNode::cmp(n);
+  }
+  virtual uint size_of() const { return sizeof(*this); }
   virtual void emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const;
-  virtual uint size(PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const;
   virtual int reloc() const;
 
 #ifndef PRODUCT
@@ -547,7 +584,6 @@ class MachEpilogNode : public MachIdealNode {
 public:
   MachEpilogNode(bool do_poll = false) : _do_polling(do_poll) {}
   virtual void emit(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const;
-  virtual uint size(PhaseRegAlloc *ra_) const;
   virtual int reloc() const;
   virtual const Pipeline *pipeline() const;
   virtual uint size_of() const { return sizeof(MachEpilogNode); }
@@ -939,10 +975,11 @@ class MachCallNode : public MachSafePointNode {
   virtual const RegMask &in_RegMask(uint) const;
   virtual int ret_addr_offset() const { return 0; }
 
-  NOT_LP64(bool return_value_is_used() const;)
+  bool return_value_is_used() const;
 
   // Similar to cousin class CallNode::returns_pointer
   bool returns_pointer() const;
+  bool returns_scalarized() const;
 
   bool guaranteed_safepoint() const { return _guaranteed_safepoint; }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp
index a4d03970fcf..443b3a3857e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "ci/ciFlatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInstanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compileLog.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/tlab_globals.hpp"
@@ -35,6 +38,7 @@
 #include "opto/compile.hpp"
 #include "opto/convertnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/graphKit.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/intrinsicnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/locknode.hpp"
 #include "opto/loopnode.hpp"
@@ -43,6 +47,7 @@
 #include "opto/narrowptrnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/node.hpp"
 #include "opto/opaquenode.hpp"
+#include "opto/opcodes.hpp"
 #include "opto/phaseX.hpp"
 #include "opto/reachability.hpp"
 #include "opto/rootnode.hpp"
@@ -53,6 +58,7 @@
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
 #include "runtime/continuation.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
+#include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
@@ -83,17 +89,6 @@ int PhaseMacroExpand::replace_input(Node *use, Node *oldref, Node *newref) {
   return nreplacements;
 }
 
-void PhaseMacroExpand::migrate_outs(Node *old, Node *target) {
-  assert(old != nullptr, "sanity");
-  for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = old->fast_outs(imax); i < imax; i++) {
-    Node* use = old->fast_out(i);
-    _igvn.rehash_node_delayed(use);
-    imax -= replace_input(use, old, target);
-    // back up iterator
-    --i;
-  }
-  assert(old->outcnt() == 0, "all uses must be deleted");
-}
 
 Node* PhaseMacroExpand::opt_bits_test(Node* ctrl, Node* region, int edge, Node* word) {
   Node* cmp = word;
@@ -146,7 +141,7 @@ CallNode* PhaseMacroExpand::make_slow_call(CallNode *oldcall, const TypeFunc* sl
 
 void PhaseMacroExpand::eliminate_gc_barrier(Node* p2x) {
   BarrierSetC2 *bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2();
-  bs->eliminate_gc_barrier(this, p2x);
+  bs->eliminate_gc_barrier(&_igvn, p2x);
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   if (PrintOptoStatistics) {
     AtomicAccess::inc(&PhaseMacroExpand::_GC_barriers_removed_counter);
@@ -189,6 +184,8 @@ static Node *scan_mem_chain(Node *mem, int alias_idx, int offset, Node *start_me
           }
         }
         mem = in->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
+      } else if (in->is_LoadFlat() || in->is_StoreFlat()) {
+        mem = in->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
       } else {
 #ifdef ASSERT
         in->dump();
@@ -201,7 +198,7 @@ static Node *scan_mem_chain(Node *mem, int alias_idx, int offset, Node *start_me
       int adr_idx = phase->C->get_alias_index(atype);
       if (adr_idx == alias_idx) {
         assert(atype->isa_oopptr(), "address type must be oopptr");
-        int adr_offset = atype->offset();
+        int adr_offset = atype->flat_offset();
         uint adr_iid = atype->is_oopptr()->instance_id();
         // Array elements references have the same alias_idx
         // but different offset and different instance_id.
@@ -246,7 +243,7 @@ static Node *scan_mem_chain(Node *mem, int alias_idx, int offset, Node *start_me
         return nullptr;
       }
       mem = mem->in(MemNode::Memory);
-   } else if (mem->Opcode() == Op_StrInflatedCopy) {
+    } else if (mem->Opcode() == Op_StrInflatedCopy) {
       Node* adr = mem->in(3); // Destination array
       const TypePtr* atype = adr->bottom_type()->is_ptr();
       int adr_idx = phase->C->get_alias_index(atype);
@@ -326,7 +323,12 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::make_arraycopy_load(ArrayCopyNode* ac, intptr_t offset,
   if (ac->is_clonebasic()) {
     assert(ac->in(ArrayCopyNode::Src) != ac->in(ArrayCopyNode::Dest), "clone source equals destination");
     adr = _igvn.transform(AddPNode::make_with_base(base, _igvn.MakeConX(offset)));
-    adr_type = _igvn.type(base)->is_ptr()->add_offset(offset);
+    adr_type = _igvn.type(base)->is_ptr();
+    if (adr_type->isa_aryptr()) {
+      adr_type = adr_type->is_aryptr()->add_field_offset_and_offset(offset);
+    } else {
+      adr_type = adr_type->add_offset(offset);
+    }
   } else {
     if (!ac->modifies(offset, offset, &_igvn, true)) {
       // If the arraycopy does not copy to this offset, we cannot generate a rematerialization load for it.
@@ -339,15 +341,25 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::make_arraycopy_load(ArrayCopyNode* ac, intptr_t offset,
     const TypeInt* src_pos_t = _igvn.type(src_pos)->is_int();
     const TypeInt* dest_pos_t = _igvn.type(dest_pos)->is_int();
 
+    adr_type = _igvn.type(base)->is_aryptr();
+    if (((const TypeAryPtr*)adr_type)->is_flat()) {
+      shift = ((const TypeAryPtr*)adr_type)->flat_log_elem_size();
+    }
     if (src_pos_t->is_con() && dest_pos_t->is_con()) {
       intptr_t off = ((src_pos_t->get_con() - dest_pos_t->get_con()) << shift) + offset;
-      adr = _igvn.transform(AddPNode::make_with_base(base, _igvn.MakeConX(off)));
-      adr_type = _igvn.type(base)->is_ptr()->add_offset(off);
+      adr = _igvn.transform(AddPNode::make_with_base(base, base, _igvn.MakeConX(off)));
+      adr_type = _igvn.type(adr)->is_aryptr();
+      assert(adr_type == _igvn.type(base)->is_aryptr()->add_field_offset_and_offset(off), "incorrect address type");
       if (ac->in(ArrayCopyNode::Src) == ac->in(ArrayCopyNode::Dest)) {
         // Don't emit a new load from src if src == dst but try to get the value from memory instead
-        return value_from_mem(ac, ctl, ft, ftype, adr_type->isa_oopptr(), alloc);
+        return value_from_mem(ac, ctl, ft, ftype, (const TypeAryPtr*)adr_type, alloc);
       }
     } else {
+      if (ac->in(ArrayCopyNode::Src) == ac->in(ArrayCopyNode::Dest)) {
+        // Non constant offset in the array: we can't statically
+        // determine the value
+        return nullptr;
+      }
       Node* diff = _igvn.transform(new SubINode(ac->in(ArrayCopyNode::SrcPos), ac->in(ArrayCopyNode::DestPos)));
 #ifdef _LP64
       diff = _igvn.transform(new ConvI2LNode(diff));
@@ -355,13 +367,12 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::make_arraycopy_load(ArrayCopyNode* ac, intptr_t offset,
       diff = _igvn.transform(new LShiftXNode(diff, _igvn.intcon(shift)));
 
       Node* off = _igvn.transform(new AddXNode(_igvn.MakeConX(offset), diff));
-      adr = _igvn.transform(AddPNode::make_with_base(base, off));
-      adr_type = _igvn.type(base)->is_ptr()->add_offset(Type::OffsetBot);
-      if (ac->in(ArrayCopyNode::Src) == ac->in(ArrayCopyNode::Dest)) {
-        // Non constant offset in the array: we can't statically
-        // determine the value
-        return nullptr;
-      }
+      adr = _igvn.transform(AddPNode::make_with_base(base, base, off));
+      // In the case of a flat inline type array, each field has its
+      // own slice so we need to extract the field being accessed from
+      // the address computation
+      adr_type = ((TypeAryPtr*)adr_type)->add_field_offset_and_offset(offset)->add_offset(Type::OffsetBot)->is_aryptr();
+      adr = _igvn.transform(new CastPPNode(ctl, adr, adr_type));
     }
   }
   assert(adr != nullptr && adr_type != nullptr, "sanity");
@@ -395,7 +406,7 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::make_arraycopy_load(ArrayCopyNode* ac, intptr_t offset,
 Node *PhaseMacroExpand::value_from_mem_phi(Node *mem, BasicType ft, const Type *phi_type, const TypeOopPtr *adr_t, AllocateNode *alloc, Node_Stack *value_phis, int level) {
   assert(mem->is_Phi(), "sanity");
   int alias_idx = C->get_alias_index(adr_t);
-  int offset = adr_t->offset();
+  int offset = adr_t->flat_offset();
   int instance_id = adr_t->instance_id();
 
   // Check if an appropriate value phi already exists.
@@ -431,12 +442,17 @@ Node *PhaseMacroExpand::value_from_mem_phi(Node *mem, BasicType ft, const Type *
     Node *in = mem->in(j);
     if (in == nullptr || in->is_top()) {
       values.at_put(j, in);
-    } else  {
+    } else {
       Node *val = scan_mem_chain(in, alias_idx, offset, start_mem, alloc, &_igvn);
       if (val == start_mem || val == alloc_mem) {
-        // hit a sentinel, return appropriate 0 value
-        values.at_put(j, _igvn.zerocon(ft));
-        continue;
+        // hit a sentinel, return appropriate value
+        Node* init_value = value_from_alloc(ft, adr_t, alloc);
+        if (init_value == nullptr) {
+          return nullptr;
+        } else {
+          values.at_put(j, init_value);
+          continue;
+        }
       }
       if (val->is_Initialize()) {
         val = val->as_Initialize()->find_captured_store(offset, type2aelembytes(ft), &_igvn);
@@ -454,8 +470,13 @@ Node *PhaseMacroExpand::value_from_mem_phi(Node *mem, BasicType ft, const Type *
           n = Compile::narrow_value(ft, n, phi_type, &_igvn, true);
         }
         values.at_put(j, n);
-      } else if(val->is_Proj() && val->in(0) == alloc) {
-        values.at_put(j, _igvn.zerocon(ft));
+      } else if (val->is_Proj() && val->in(0) == alloc) {
+        Node* init_value = value_from_alloc(ft, adr_t, alloc);
+        if (init_value == nullptr) {
+          return nullptr;
+        } else {
+          values.at_put(j, init_value);
+        }
       } else if (val->is_Phi()) {
         val = value_from_mem_phi(val, ft, phi_type, adr_t, alloc, value_phis, level-1);
         if (val == nullptr) {
@@ -496,6 +517,62 @@ Node *PhaseMacroExpand::value_from_mem_phi(Node *mem, BasicType ft, const Type *
   return phi;
 }
 
+// Extract the initial value of a field in an allocation
+Node* PhaseMacroExpand::value_from_alloc(BasicType ft, const TypeOopPtr* adr_t, AllocateNode* alloc) {
+  Node* init_value = alloc->in(AllocateNode::InitValue);
+  if (init_value == nullptr) {
+    assert(alloc->in(AllocateNode::RawInitValue) == nullptr, "conflicting InitValue and RawInitValue");
+    return _igvn.zerocon(ft);
+  }
+
+  const TypeAryPtr* ary_t = adr_t->isa_aryptr();
+  assert(ary_t != nullptr, "must be a pointer into an array");
+
+  // If this is not a flat array, then it must be an oop array with elements being init_value
+  if (ary_t->is_not_flat()) {
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    BasicType init_bt = init_value->bottom_type()->basic_type();
+    assert(ft == init_bt ||
+           (!is_java_primitive(ft) && !is_java_primitive(init_bt) && type2aelembytes(ft, true) == type2aelembytes(init_bt, true)) ||
+           (is_subword_type(ft) && init_bt == T_INT),
+           "invalid init_value of type %s for field of type %s", type2name(init_bt), type2name(ft));
+#endif // ASSERT
+    return init_value;
+  }
+
+  assert(ary_t->klass_is_exact() && ary_t->is_flat(), "must be an exact flat array");
+  assert(ary_t->field_offset().get() != Type::OffsetBot, "unknown offset");
+  if (init_value->is_EncodeP()) {
+    init_value = init_value->in(1);
+  }
+  // Cannot look through init_value if it is an oop
+  if (!init_value->is_InlineType()) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  ciInlineKlass* vk = init_value->bottom_type()->inline_klass();
+  if (ary_t->field_offset().get() == vk->null_marker_offset_in_payload()) {
+    init_value = init_value->as_InlineType()->get_null_marker();
+  } else {
+    init_value = init_value->as_InlineType()->field_value_by_offset(ary_t->field_offset().get() + vk->payload_offset(), true);
+  }
+
+  if (ft == T_NARROWOOP) {
+    assert(init_value->bottom_type()->isa_ptr(), "must be a pointer");
+    init_value = transform_later(new EncodePNode(init_value, init_value->bottom_type()->make_narrowoop()));
+  }
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  BasicType init_bt = init_value->bottom_type()->basic_type();
+  assert(ft == init_bt ||
+         (!is_java_primitive(ft) && !is_java_primitive(init_bt) && type2aelembytes(ft, true) == type2aelembytes(init_bt, true)) ||
+         (is_subword_type(ft) && init_bt == T_INT),
+         "invalid init_value of type %s for field of type %s", type2name(init_bt), type2name(ft));
+#endif // ASSERT
+
+  return init_value;
+}
+
 // Search the last value stored into the object's field.
 Node* PhaseMacroExpand::value_from_mem(Node* origin, Node* ctl, BasicType ft, const Type* ftype, const TypeOopPtr* adr_t, AllocateNode* alloc) {
   assert(adr_t->is_known_instance_field(), "instance required");
@@ -503,10 +580,9 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::value_from_mem(Node* origin, Node* ctl, BasicType ft, co
   assert((uint)instance_id == alloc->_idx, "wrong allocation");
 
   int alias_idx = C->get_alias_index(adr_t);
-  int offset = adr_t->offset();
+  int offset = adr_t->flat_offset();
   Node* orig_mem = origin->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
   Node *start_mem = C->start()->proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Memory);
-  Node *alloc_ctrl = alloc->in(TypeFunc::Control);
   Node *alloc_mem = alloc->proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Memory, /*io_use:*/false);
   assert(alloc_mem != nullptr, "Allocation without a memory projection.");
   VectorSet visited;
@@ -523,7 +599,7 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::value_from_mem(Node* origin, Node* ctl, BasicType ft, co
     } else if (mem->is_Initialize()) {
       mem = mem->as_Initialize()->find_captured_store(offset, type2aelembytes(ft), &_igvn);
       if (mem == nullptr) {
-        done = true; // Something go wrong.
+        done = true; // Something went wrong.
       } else if (mem->is_Store()) {
         const TypePtr* atype = mem->as_Store()->adr_type();
         assert(C->get_alias_index(atype) == Compile::AliasIdxRaw, "store is correct memory slice");
@@ -533,7 +609,7 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::value_from_mem(Node* origin, Node* ctl, BasicType ft, co
       const TypeOopPtr* atype = mem->as_Store()->adr_type()->isa_oopptr();
       assert(atype != nullptr, "address type must be oopptr");
       assert(C->get_alias_index(atype) == alias_idx &&
-             atype->is_known_instance_field() && atype->offset() == offset &&
+             atype->is_known_instance_field() && atype->flat_offset() == offset &&
              atype->instance_id() == instance_id, "store is correct memory slice");
       done = true;
     } else if (mem->is_Phi()) {
@@ -570,8 +646,8 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::value_from_mem(Node* origin, Node* ctl, BasicType ft, co
   }
   if (mem != nullptr) {
     if (mem == start_mem || mem == alloc_mem) {
-      // hit a sentinel, return appropriate 0 value
-      return _igvn.zerocon(ft);
+      // hit a sentinel, return appropriate value
+      return value_from_alloc(ft, adr_t, alloc);
     } else if (mem->is_Store()) {
       Node* n = mem->in(MemNode::ValueIn);
       BarrierSetC2* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2();
@@ -611,6 +687,88 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::value_from_mem(Node* origin, Node* ctl, BasicType ft, co
   return nullptr;
 }
 
+// Search the last value stored into the inline type's fields (for flat arrays).
+Node* PhaseMacroExpand::inline_type_from_mem(ciInlineKlass* vk, const TypeAryPtr* elem_adr_type, int elem_idx, int offset_in_element, bool null_free, AllocateNode* alloc, SafePointNode* sfpt) {
+  auto report_failure = [&](int field_offset_in_element, bool is_forced_failure) {
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+    if (PrintEliminateAllocations) {
+      ciInlineKlass* elem_klass = elem_adr_type->elem()->inline_klass();
+      int offset = field_offset_in_element + elem_klass->payload_offset();
+      ciField* flattened_field = elem_klass->get_field_by_offset(offset, false);
+      assert(flattened_field != nullptr, "must have a field of type %s at offset %d", elem_klass->name()->as_utf8(), offset);
+
+      tty->print("=== At SafePoint node %d ", sfpt->_idx);
+      if (is_forced_failure) {
+        tty->print_raw("forcibly abort elimination");
+      } else {
+        tty->print("can't find value of field [%s] of array element [%d]", flattened_field->name()->as_utf8(), elem_idx);
+      }
+      tty->print(", which prevents elimination of: ");
+      alloc->dump();
+    }
+#endif // PRODUCT
+  };
+
+  // Create a new InlineTypeNode and retrieve the field values from memory
+  InlineTypeNode* vt = InlineTypeNode::make_uninitialized(_igvn, vk, null_free);
+  transform_later(vt);
+  if (null_free) {
+    vt->set_null_marker(_igvn);
+  } else {
+    int nm_offset_in_element = offset_in_element + vk->null_marker_offset_in_payload();
+    const TypeAryPtr* nm_adr_type = elem_adr_type->with_field_offset(nm_offset_in_element);
+    Node* nm_value = value_from_mem(sfpt, sfpt->control(), T_BOOLEAN, TypeInt::BOOL, nm_adr_type, alloc);
+    bool force_scalarization_failure = StressEliminateAllocations &&
+                                       (C->random() % StressEliminateAllocationsMean == 0);
+    if (nm_value != nullptr && !force_scalarization_failure) {
+      vt->set_null_marker(_igvn, nm_value);
+    } else {
+      report_failure(nm_offset_in_element, nm_value != nullptr);
+      return nullptr;
+    }
+  }
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < vk->nof_declared_nonstatic_fields(); ++i) {
+    ciField* field = vt->field(i);
+    ciType* field_type = field->type();
+    int field_offset_in_element = offset_in_element + field->offset_in_bytes() - vk->payload_offset();
+    Node* field_value = nullptr;
+    assert(!field->is_flat() || field->type()->is_inlinetype(), "must be an inline type");
+    if (field->is_flat()) {
+      field_value = inline_type_from_mem(field_type->as_inline_klass(), elem_adr_type, elem_idx, field_offset_in_element, field->is_null_free(), alloc, sfpt);
+    } else {
+      const Type* ft = Type::get_const_type(field_type);
+      BasicType bt = type2field[field_type->basic_type()];
+      if (UseCompressedOops && !is_java_primitive(bt)) {
+        ft = ft->make_narrowoop();
+        bt = T_NARROWOOP;
+      }
+      // Each inline type field has its own memory slice
+      const TypeAryPtr* field_adr_type = elem_adr_type->with_field_offset(field_offset_in_element);
+      field_value = value_from_mem(sfpt, sfpt->control(), bt, ft, field_adr_type, alloc);
+      bool force_scalarization_failure = StressEliminateAllocations &&
+                                         (C->random() % StressEliminateAllocationsMean == 0);
+      if (field_value == nullptr || force_scalarization_failure) {
+        report_failure(field_offset_in_element, field_value != nullptr);
+        return nullptr;
+      } else if (ft->isa_narrowoop()) {
+        assert(UseCompressedOops, "unexpected narrow oop");
+        if (field_value->is_EncodeP()) {
+          field_value = field_value->in(1);
+        } else if (!field_value->is_InlineType()) {
+          field_value = transform_later(new DecodeNNode(field_value, field_value->get_ptr_type()));
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    if (field_value != nullptr) {
+      vt->set_field_value(i, field_value);
+    } else {
+      return nullptr;
+    }
+  }
+  return vt;
+}
+
 // Check the possibility of scalar replacement.
 bool PhaseMacroExpand::can_eliminate_allocation(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, AllocateNode* alloc, Unique_Node_List* safepoints) {
   //  Scan the uses of the allocation to check for anything that would
@@ -620,6 +778,7 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::can_eliminate_allocation(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, AllocateNode
   bool can_eliminate = true;
   bool reduce_merge_precheck = (safepoints == nullptr);
 
+  Unique_Node_List worklist;
   Node* res = alloc->result_cast();
   const TypeOopPtr* res_type = nullptr;
   if (res == nullptr) {
@@ -628,6 +787,7 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::can_eliminate_allocation(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, AllocateNode
     NOT_PRODUCT(fail_eliminate = "Allocation does not have unique CheckCastPP";)
     can_eliminate = false;
   } else {
+    worklist.push(res);
     res_type = igvn->type(res)->isa_oopptr();
     if (res_type == nullptr) {
       NOT_PRODUCT(fail_eliminate = "Neither instance or array allocation";)
@@ -644,10 +804,10 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::can_eliminate_allocation(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, AllocateNode
     }
   }
 
-  if (can_eliminate && res != nullptr) {
+  while (can_eliminate && worklist.size() > 0) {
     BarrierSetC2 *bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2();
-    for (DUIterator_Fast jmax, j = res->fast_outs(jmax);
-                               j < jmax && can_eliminate; j++) {
+    res = worklist.pop();
+    for (DUIterator_Fast jmax, j = res->fast_outs(jmax); j < jmax && can_eliminate; j++) {
       Node* use = res->fast_out(j);
 
       if (use->is_AddP()) {
@@ -662,7 +822,7 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::can_eliminate_allocation(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, AllocateNode
         for (DUIterator_Fast kmax, k = use->fast_outs(kmax);
                                    k < kmax && can_eliminate; k++) {
           Node* n = use->fast_out(k);
-          if (n->is_Mem() && n->as_Mem()->is_mismatched_access()) {
+          if ((n->is_Mem() && n->as_Mem()->is_mismatched_access()) || n->is_LoadFlat() || n->is_StoreFlat()) {
             DEBUG_ONLY(disq_node = n);
             NOT_PRODUCT(fail_eliminate = "Mismatched access");
             can_eliminate = false;
@@ -700,8 +860,32 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::can_eliminate_allocation(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, AllocateNode
           NOT_PRODUCT(fail_eliminate = "null or TOP memory";)
           can_eliminate = false;
         } else if (!reduce_merge_precheck) {
+          assert(!res->is_Phi() || !res->as_Phi()->can_be_inline_type(), "Inline type allocations should not have safepoint uses");
           safepoints->push(sfpt);
         }
+      } else if (use->is_InlineType() && use->as_InlineType()->get_oop() == res) {
+        // Look at uses
+        for (DUIterator_Fast kmax, k = use->fast_outs(kmax); k < kmax; k++) {
+          Node* u = use->fast_out(k);
+          if (u->is_InlineType()) {
+            // Use in flat field can be eliminated
+            InlineTypeNode* vt = u->as_InlineType();
+            for (uint i = 0; i < vt->field_count(); ++i) {
+              if (vt->field_value(i) == use && !vt->field(i)->is_flat()) {
+                can_eliminate = false; // Use in non-flat field
+                break;
+              }
+            }
+          } else {
+            // Add other uses to the worklist to process individually
+            worklist.push(use);
+          }
+        }
+      } else if (use->Opcode() == Op_StoreX && use->in(MemNode::Address) == res) {
+        // Store to mark word of inline type larval buffer
+        assert(res_type->is_inlinetypeptr(), "Unexpected store to mark word");
+      } else if (res_type->is_inlinetypeptr() && (use->Opcode() == Op_MemBarRelease || use->Opcode() == Op_MemBarStoreStore)) {
+        // Inline type buffer allocations are followed by a membar
       } else if (reduce_merge_precheck &&
                  (use->is_Phi() || use->is_EncodeP() ||
                   use->Opcode() == Op_MemBarRelease ||
@@ -724,6 +908,9 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::can_eliminate_allocation(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, AllocateNode
           DEBUG_ONLY(disq_node = use;)
         }
         can_eliminate = false;
+      } else {
+        assert(use->Opcode() == Op_CastP2X, "should be");
+        assert(!use->has_out_with(Op_OrL), "should have been removed because oop is never null");
       }
     }
   }
@@ -736,7 +923,7 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::can_eliminate_allocation(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, AllocateNode
         alloc->dump();
       else
         res->dump();
-    } else if (alloc->_is_scalar_replaceable) {
+    } else {
       tty->print("NotScalar (%s)", fail_eliminate);
       if (res == nullptr)
         alloc->dump();
@@ -850,24 +1037,185 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::undo_previous_scalarizations(Unique_Node_List& safepoints
   }
 #endif
 
-SafePointScalarObjectNode* PhaseMacroExpand::create_scalarized_object_description(AllocateNode *alloc, SafePointNode* sfpt) {
+void PhaseMacroExpand::process_field_value_at_safepoint(const Type* field_type, Node* field_val, SafePointNode* sfpt, Unique_Node_List* value_worklist) {
+  if (UseCompressedOops && field_type->isa_narrowoop()) {
+    // Enable "DecodeN(EncodeP(Allocate)) --> Allocate" transformation
+    // to be able scalar replace the allocation.
+    if (field_val->is_EncodeP()) {
+      field_val = field_val->in(1);
+    } else if (!field_val->is_InlineType()) {
+      field_val = transform_later(new DecodeNNode(field_val, field_val->get_ptr_type()));
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Keep track of inline types to scalarize them later
+  if (field_val->is_InlineType()) {
+    value_worklist->push(field_val);
+  } else if (field_val->is_Phi()) {
+    PhiNode* phi = field_val->as_Phi();
+    // Eagerly replace inline type phis now since we could be removing an inline type allocation where we must
+    // scalarize all its fields in safepoints.
+    field_val = phi->try_push_inline_types_down(&_igvn, true);
+    if (field_val->is_InlineType()) {
+      value_worklist->push(field_val);
+    }
+  }
+  DEBUG_ONLY(verify_type_compatability(field_val->bottom_type(), field_type);)
+  sfpt->add_req(field_val);
+}
+
+bool PhaseMacroExpand::add_array_elems_to_safepoint(AllocateNode* alloc, const TypeAryPtr* array_type, SafePointNode* sfpt, Unique_Node_List* value_worklist) {
+  const Type* elem_type = array_type->elem();
+  BasicType basic_elem_type = elem_type->array_element_basic_type();
+
+  intptr_t elem_size;
+  uint header_size;
+  if (array_type->is_flat()) {
+    elem_size = array_type->flat_elem_size();
+    header_size = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_FLAT_ELEMENT);
+  } else {
+    elem_size = type2aelembytes(basic_elem_type);
+    header_size = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(basic_elem_type);
+  }
+
+  int n_elems = alloc->in(AllocateNode::ALength)->get_int();
+  for (int elem_idx = 0; elem_idx < n_elems; elem_idx++) {
+    intptr_t elem_offset = header_size + elem_idx * elem_size;
+    const TypeAryPtr* elem_adr_type = array_type->with_offset(elem_offset);
+    Node* elem_val;
+    if (array_type->is_flat()) {
+      ciInlineKlass* elem_klass = elem_type->inline_klass();
+      assert(elem_klass->maybe_flat_in_array(), "must be flat in array");
+      elem_val = inline_type_from_mem(elem_klass, elem_adr_type, elem_idx, 0, array_type->is_null_free(), alloc, sfpt);
+    } else {
+      elem_val = value_from_mem(sfpt, sfpt->control(), basic_elem_type, elem_type, elem_adr_type, alloc);
+    }
+    bool force_scalarization_failure = StressEliminateAllocations &&
+                                       (C->random() % StressEliminateAllocationsMean == 0);
+    if (elem_val == nullptr || force_scalarization_failure) {
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+      if (PrintEliminateAllocations) {
+        tty->print("=== At SafePoint node %d ", sfpt->_idx);
+        if (elem_val == nullptr) {
+          tty->print("can't find value of array element [%d]", elem_idx);
+        } else {
+          assert(force_scalarization_failure, "sanity");
+          tty->print_raw("forcibly abort elimination");
+        }
+        tty->print(", which prevents elimination of: ");
+        alloc->dump();
+      }
+#endif // PRODUCT
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    process_field_value_at_safepoint(elem_type, elem_val, sfpt, value_worklist);
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+// Recursively adds all flattened fields of a type 'iklass' inside 'base' to 'sfpt'.
+// 'offset_minus_header' refers to the offset of the payload of 'iklass' inside 'base' minus the
+// payload offset of 'iklass'. If 'base' is of type 'iklass' then 'offset_minus_header' == 0.
+bool PhaseMacroExpand::add_inst_fields_to_safepoint(ciInstanceKlass* iklass, AllocateNode* alloc, Node* base, int offset_minus_header, SafePointNode* sfpt, Unique_Node_List* value_worklist) {
+  const TypeInstPtr* base_type = _igvn.type(base)->is_instptr();
+  auto report_failure = [&](int offset, bool is_forced_failure) {
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+    if (PrintEliminateAllocations) {
+      ciInstanceKlass* base_klass = base_type->instance_klass();
+      ciField* flattened_field = base_klass->get_field_by_offset(offset, false);
+      assert(flattened_field != nullptr, "must have a field of type %s at offset %d", base_klass->name()->as_utf8(), offset);
+      tty->print("=== At SafePoint node %d ", sfpt->_idx);
+      if (is_forced_failure) {
+        tty->print_raw("forcibly abort elimination");
+      } else {
+        tty->print_raw("can't find value of field: ");
+        flattened_field->print();
+        int field_idx = C->alias_type(flattened_field)->index();
+        tty->print(" (alias_idx=%d)", field_idx);
+      }
+      tty->print(", which prevents elimination of: ");
+      base->dump();
+    }
+#endif // PRODUCT
+  };
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < iklass->nof_declared_nonstatic_fields(); i++) {
+    ciField* field = iklass->declared_nonstatic_field_at(i);
+    if (field->is_flat()) {
+      ciInlineKlass* fvk = field->type()->as_inline_klass();
+      int field_offset_minus_header = offset_minus_header + field->offset_in_bytes() - fvk->payload_offset();
+      bool success = add_inst_fields_to_safepoint(fvk, alloc, base, field_offset_minus_header, sfpt, value_worklist);
+      if (!success) {
+        return false;
+      }
+
+      // The null marker of a field is added right after we scalarize that field
+      if (!field->is_null_free()) {
+        int nm_offset = offset_minus_header + field->null_marker_offset();
+        Node* null_marker = value_from_mem(sfpt, sfpt->control(), T_BOOLEAN, TypeInt::BOOL, base_type->with_offset(nm_offset), alloc);
+        bool force_scalarization_failure = StressEliminateAllocations &&
+                                           (C->random() % StressEliminateAllocationsMean == 0);
+        if (null_marker == nullptr || force_scalarization_failure) {
+          report_failure(nm_offset, null_marker != nullptr);
+          return false;
+        }
+        process_field_value_at_safepoint(TypeInt::BOOL, null_marker, sfpt, value_worklist);
+      }
+
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    int offset = offset_minus_header + field->offset_in_bytes();
+    ciType* elem_type = field->type();
+    BasicType basic_elem_type = field->layout_type();
+
+    const Type* field_type;
+    if (is_reference_type(basic_elem_type)) {
+      if (!elem_type->is_loaded()) {
+        field_type = TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM;
+      } else {
+        field_type = TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass(elem_type->as_klass());
+      }
+      if (UseCompressedOops) {
+        field_type = field_type->make_narrowoop();
+        basic_elem_type = T_NARROWOOP;
+      }
+    } else {
+      field_type = Type::get_const_basic_type(basic_elem_type);
+    }
+
+    const TypeInstPtr* field_addr_type = base_type->add_offset(offset)->isa_instptr();
+    Node* field_val = value_from_mem(sfpt, sfpt->control(), basic_elem_type, field_type, field_addr_type, alloc);
+    bool force_scalarization_failure = StressEliminateAllocations &&
+                                       (C->random() % StressEliminateAllocationsMean == 0);
+    if (field_val == nullptr || force_scalarization_failure) {
+      report_failure(offset, field_val != nullptr);
+      return false;
+    }
+    process_field_value_at_safepoint(field_type, field_val, sfpt, value_worklist);
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+SafePointScalarObjectNode* PhaseMacroExpand::create_scalarized_object_description(AllocateNode* alloc, SafePointNode* sfpt,
+                                                                                  Unique_Node_List* value_worklist) {
   assert(sfpt->jvms()->endoff() == sfpt->req(), "no extra edges past debug info allowed");
 
   // Fields of scalar objs are referenced only at the end
   // of regular debuginfo at the last (youngest) JVMS.
   // Record relative start index.
   ciInstanceKlass* iklass    = nullptr;
-  BasicType basic_elem_type  = T_ILLEGAL;
-  const Type* field_type     = nullptr;
   const TypeOopPtr* res_type = nullptr;
   int nfields                = 0;
-  int array_base             = 0;
-  int element_size           = 0;
   uint first_ind             = (sfpt->req() - sfpt->jvms()->scloff());
   Node* res                  = alloc->result_cast();
 
   assert(res == nullptr || res->is_CheckCastPP(), "unexpected AllocateNode result");
   assert(sfpt->jvms() != nullptr, "missed JVMS");
+  uint before_sfpt_req = sfpt->req();
 
   if (res != nullptr) { // Could be null when there are no users
     res_type = _igvn.type(res)->isa_oopptr();
@@ -880,10 +1228,16 @@ SafePointScalarObjectNode* PhaseMacroExpand::create_scalarized_object_descriptio
       // find the array's elements which will be needed for safepoint debug information
       nfields = alloc->in(AllocateNode::ALength)->find_int_con(-1);
       assert(nfields >= 0, "must be an array klass.");
-      basic_elem_type = res_type->is_aryptr()->elem()->array_element_basic_type();
-      array_base = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(basic_elem_type);
-      element_size = type2aelembytes(basic_elem_type);
-      field_type = res_type->is_aryptr()->elem();
+    }
+
+    if (res->bottom_type()->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+      // Nullable inline types have a null marker field which is added to the safepoint when scalarizing them (see
+      // InlineTypeNode::make_scalar_in_safepoint()). When having circular inline types, we stop scalarizing at depth 1
+      // to avoid an endless recursion. Therefore, we do not have a SafePointScalarObjectNode node here, yet.
+      // We are about to create a SafePointScalarObjectNode as if this is a normal object. Add an additional int input
+      // with value 1 which sets the null marker to true to indicate that the object is always non-null. This input is checked
+      // later in PhaseOutput::filLocArray() for inline types.
+      sfpt->add_req(_igvn.intcon(1));
     }
   }
 
@@ -891,99 +1245,28 @@ SafePointScalarObjectNode* PhaseMacroExpand::create_scalarized_object_descriptio
   sobj->init_req(0, C->root());
   transform_later(sobj);
 
-  // Scan object's fields adding an input to the safepoint for each field.
-  for (int j = 0; j < nfields; j++) {
-    intptr_t offset;
-    ciField* field = nullptr;
-    if (iklass != nullptr) {
-      field = iklass->nonstatic_field_at(j);
-      offset = field->offset_in_bytes();
-      ciType* elem_type = field->type();
-      basic_elem_type = field->layout_type();
-
-      // The next code is taken from Parse::do_get_xxx().
-      if (is_reference_type(basic_elem_type)) {
-        if (!elem_type->is_loaded()) {
-          field_type = TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM;
-        } else if (field != nullptr && field->is_static_constant()) {
-          ciObject* con = field->constant_value().as_object();
-          // Do not "join" in the previous type; it doesn't add value,
-          // and may yield a vacuous result if the field is of interface type.
-          field_type = TypeOopPtr::make_from_constant(con)->isa_oopptr();
-          assert(field_type != nullptr, "field singleton type must be consistent");
-        } else {
-          field_type = TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass(elem_type->as_klass());
-        }
-        if (UseCompressedOops) {
-          field_type = field_type->make_narrowoop();
-          basic_elem_type = T_NARROWOOP;
-        }
-      } else {
-        field_type = Type::get_const_basic_type(basic_elem_type);
-      }
-    } else {
-      offset = array_base + j * (intptr_t)element_size;
-    }
-
-    const TypeOopPtr *field_addr_type = res_type->add_offset(offset)->isa_oopptr();
-
-    Node* field_val = value_from_mem(sfpt, sfpt->control(), basic_elem_type, field_type, field_addr_type, alloc);
-
-    // We weren't able to find a value for this field,
-    // give up on eliminating this allocation.
-    bool force_scalarization_failure = StressEliminateAllocations &&
-                                       (C->random() % StressEliminateAllocationsMean == 0);
-    if (field_val == nullptr || force_scalarization_failure) {
-      uint last = sfpt->req() - 1;
-      for (int k = 0;  k < j; k++) {
-        sfpt->del_req(last--);
-      }
-      _igvn._worklist.push(sfpt);
-
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-      if (PrintEliminateAllocations) {
-        tty->print("=== At SafePoint node %d ", sfpt->_idx);
-        if (field_val == nullptr) {
-          tty->print_raw("can't find value of ");
-
-          if (field != nullptr) {
-            tty->print_raw("field: ");
-            field->print();
-            int field_idx = C->get_alias_index(field_addr_type);
-            tty->print(" (alias_idx=%d)", field_idx);
-          } else { // Array's element
-            tty->print("array element [%d]", j);
-          }
-        } else {
-          assert(force_scalarization_failure, "sanity");
-          tty->print_raw("forcibly abort elimination");
-        }
-        tty->print(", which prevents elimination of: ");
-        if (res == nullptr)
-          alloc->dump();
-        else
-          res->dump();
-      }
-#endif
+  if (res == nullptr) {
+    sfpt->jvms()->set_endoff(sfpt->req());
+    return sobj;
+  }
 
-      return nullptr;
-    }
+  bool success;
+  if (iklass == nullptr) {
+    success = add_array_elems_to_safepoint(alloc, res_type->is_aryptr(), sfpt, value_worklist);
+  } else {
+    success = add_inst_fields_to_safepoint(iklass, alloc, res, 0, sfpt, value_worklist);
+  }
 
-    if (UseCompressedOops && field_type->isa_narrowoop()) {
-      // Enable "DecodeN(EncodeP(Allocate)) --> Allocate" transformation
-      // to be able scalar replace the allocation.
-      if (field_val->is_EncodeP()) {
-        field_val = field_val->in(1);
-      } else {
-        field_val = transform_later(new DecodeNNode(field_val, field_val->get_ptr_type()));
-      }
+  // We weren't able to find a value for this field, remove all the fields added to the safepoint
+  if (!success) {
+    for (uint i = sfpt->req() - 1; i >= before_sfpt_req; i--) {
+      sfpt->del_req(i);
     }
-    DEBUG_ONLY(verify_type_compatability(field_val->bottom_type(), field_type);)
-    sfpt->add_req(field_val);
+    _igvn._worklist.push(sfpt);
+    return nullptr;
   }
 
   sfpt->jvms()->set_endoff(sfpt->req());
-
   return sobj;
 }
 
@@ -992,8 +1275,13 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::scalar_replacement(AllocateNode* alloc, Unique_Node_List&
   Unique_Node_List safepoints_done;
   Node* res = alloc->result_cast();
   assert(res == nullptr || res->is_CheckCastPP(), "unexpected AllocateNode result");
+  const TypeOopPtr* res_type = nullptr;
+  if (res != nullptr) { // Could be null when there are no users
+    res_type = _igvn.type(res)->isa_oopptr();
+  }
 
   // Process the safepoint uses
+  Unique_Node_List value_worklist;
   while (safepoints.size() > 0) {
     SafePointNode* sfpt = safepoints.pop()->as_SafePoint();
 
@@ -1003,7 +1291,7 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::scalar_replacement(AllocateNode* alloc, Unique_Node_List&
     // Keep non-debug inputs separately, so they stay non-debug.
     sfpt->remove_non_debug_edges(non_debug_edges_worklist);
 
-    SafePointScalarObjectNode* sobj = create_scalarized_object_description(alloc, sfpt);
+    SafePointScalarObjectNode* sobj = create_scalarized_object_description(alloc, sfpt, &value_worklist);
 
     if (sobj == nullptr) {
       sfpt->restore_non_debug_edges(non_debug_edges_worklist);
@@ -1022,7 +1310,14 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::scalar_replacement(AllocateNode* alloc, Unique_Node_List&
     // keep it for rollback
     safepoints_done.push(sfpt);
   }
-
+  // Scalarize inline types that were added to the safepoint.
+  // Don't allow linking a constant oop (if available) for flat array elements
+  // because Deoptimization::reassign_flat_array_elements needs field values.
+  bool allow_oop = (res_type != nullptr) && !res_type->is_flat();
+  for (uint i = 0; i < value_worklist.size(); ++i) {
+    InlineTypeNode* vt = value_worklist.at(i)->as_InlineType();
+    vt->make_scalar_in_safepoints(&_igvn, allow_oop);
+  }
   return true;
 }
 
@@ -1038,9 +1333,14 @@ static void disconnect_projections(MultiNode* n, PhaseIterGVN& igvn) {
 }
 
 // Process users of eliminated allocation.
-void PhaseMacroExpand::process_users_of_allocation(CallNode *alloc) {
+void PhaseMacroExpand::process_users_of_allocation(CallNode *alloc, bool inline_alloc) {
+  Unique_Node_List worklist;
   Node* res = alloc->result_cast();
   if (res != nullptr) {
+    worklist.push(res);
+  }
+  while (worklist.size() > 0) {
+    res = worklist.pop();
     for (DUIterator_Last jmin, j = res->last_outs(jmin); j >= jmin; ) {
       Node *use = res->last_out(j);
       uint oc1 = res->outcnt();
@@ -1050,18 +1350,14 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::process_users_of_allocation(CallNode *alloc) {
           Node *n = use->last_out(k);
           uint oc2 = use->outcnt();
           if (n->is_Store()) {
-#ifdef ASSERT
-            // Verify that there is no dependent MemBarVolatile nodes,
-            // they should be removed during IGVN, see MemBarNode::Ideal().
-            for (DUIterator_Fast pmax, p = n->fast_outs(pmax);
-                                       p < pmax; p++) {
-              Node* mb = n->fast_out(p);
-              assert(mb->is_Initialize() || !mb->is_MemBar() ||
-                     mb->req() <= MemBarNode::Precedent ||
-                     mb->in(MemBarNode::Precedent) != n,
-                     "MemBarVolatile should be eliminated for non-escaping object");
+            for (DUIterator_Fast pmax, p = n->fast_outs(pmax); p < pmax; p++) {
+              MemBarNode* mb = n->fast_out(p)->isa_MemBar();
+              if (mb != nullptr && mb->req() <= MemBarNode::Precedent && mb->in(MemBarNode::Precedent) == n) {
+                // MemBarVolatiles should have been removed by MemBarNode::Ideal() for non-inline allocations
+                assert(inline_alloc, "MemBarVolatile should be eliminated for non-escaping object");
+                mb->remove(&_igvn);
+              }
             }
-#endif
             _igvn.replace_node(n, n->in(MemNode::Memory));
           } else {
             eliminate_gc_barrier(n);
@@ -1085,12 +1381,11 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::process_users_of_allocation(CallNode *alloc) {
           assert(ac->is_arraycopy_validated() ||
                  ac->is_copyof_validated() ||
                  ac->is_copyofrange_validated(), "unsupported");
-          CallProjections callprojs;
-          ac->extract_projections(&callprojs, true);
+          CallProjections* callprojs = ac->extract_projections(true);
 
-          _igvn.replace_node(callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj, ac->in(TypeFunc::I_O));
-          _igvn.replace_node(callprojs.fallthrough_memproj, ac->in(TypeFunc::Memory));
-          _igvn.replace_node(callprojs.fallthrough_catchproj, ac->in(TypeFunc::Control));
+          _igvn.replace_node(callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj, ac->in(TypeFunc::I_O));
+          _igvn.replace_node(callprojs->fallthrough_memproj, ac->in(TypeFunc::Memory));
+          _igvn.replace_node(callprojs->fallthrough_catchproj, ac->in(TypeFunc::Control));
 
           // Set control to top. IGVN will remove the remaining projections
           ac->set_req(0, top());
@@ -1107,6 +1402,30 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::process_users_of_allocation(CallNode *alloc) {
           }
         }
         _igvn._worklist.push(ac);
+      } else if (use->is_InlineType()) {
+        assert(use->as_InlineType()->get_oop() == res, "unexpected inline type ptr use");
+        // Cut off oop input and remove known instance id from type
+        _igvn.rehash_node_delayed(use);
+        use->as_InlineType()->set_oop(_igvn, _igvn.zerocon(T_OBJECT));
+        use->as_InlineType()->set_is_buffered(_igvn, false);
+        const TypeOopPtr* toop = _igvn.type(use)->is_oopptr()->cast_to_instance_id(TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+        _igvn.set_type(use, toop);
+        use->as_InlineType()->set_type(toop);
+        // Process users
+        for (DUIterator_Fast kmax, k = use->fast_outs(kmax); k < kmax; k++) {
+          Node* u = use->fast_out(k);
+          if (!u->is_InlineType() && !u->is_StoreFlat()) {
+            worklist.push(u);
+          }
+        }
+      } else if (use->Opcode() == Op_StoreX && use->in(MemNode::Address) == res) {
+        // Store to mark word of inline type larval buffer
+        assert(inline_alloc, "Unexpected store to mark word");
+        _igvn.replace_node(use, use->in(MemNode::Memory));
+      } else if (use->Opcode() == Op_MemBarRelease || use->Opcode() == Op_MemBarStoreStore) {
+        // Inline type buffer allocations are followed by a membar
+        assert(inline_alloc, "Unexpected MemBarRelease");
+        use->as_MemBar()->remove(&_igvn);
       } else if (use->is_ReachabilityFence() && OptimizeReachabilityFences) {
         use->as_ReachabilityFence()->clear_referent(_igvn); // redundant fence; will be removed during IGVN
       } else {
@@ -1121,21 +1440,21 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::process_users_of_allocation(CallNode *alloc) {
   //
   // Process other users of allocation's projections
   //
-  if (_callprojs.resproj != nullptr && _callprojs.resproj->outcnt() != 0) {
+  if (_callprojs->resproj[0] != nullptr && _callprojs->resproj[0]->outcnt() != 0) {
     // First disconnect stores captured by Initialize node.
     // If Initialize node is eliminated first in the following code,
     // it will kill such stores and DUIterator_Last will assert.
-    for (DUIterator_Fast jmax, j = _callprojs.resproj->fast_outs(jmax);  j < jmax; j++) {
-      Node* use = _callprojs.resproj->fast_out(j);
+    for (DUIterator_Fast jmax, j = _callprojs->resproj[0]->fast_outs(jmax);  j < jmax; j++) {
+      Node* use = _callprojs->resproj[0]->fast_out(j);
       if (use->is_AddP()) {
         // raw memory addresses used only by the initialization
         _igvn.replace_node(use, C->top());
         --j; --jmax;
       }
     }
-    for (DUIterator_Last jmin, j = _callprojs.resproj->last_outs(jmin); j >= jmin; ) {
-      Node* use = _callprojs.resproj->last_out(j);
-      uint oc1 = _callprojs.resproj->outcnt();
+    for (DUIterator_Last jmin, j = _callprojs->resproj[0]->last_outs(jmin); j >= jmin; ) {
+      Node* use = _callprojs->resproj[0]->last_out(j);
+      uint oc1 = _callprojs->resproj[0]->outcnt();
       if (use->is_Initialize()) {
         // Eliminate Initialize node.
         InitializeNode *init = use->as_Initialize();
@@ -1145,44 +1464,48 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::process_users_of_allocation(CallNode *alloc) {
 #ifdef ASSERT
           // If the InitializeNode has no memory out, it will die, and tmp will become null
           Node* tmp = init->in(TypeFunc::Control);
-          assert(tmp == nullptr || tmp == _callprojs.fallthrough_catchproj, "allocation control projection");
+          assert(tmp == nullptr || tmp == _callprojs->fallthrough_catchproj, "allocation control projection");
 #endif
         }
         Node* mem = init->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
 #ifdef ASSERT
         if (init->number_of_projs(TypeFunc::Memory) > 0) {
           if (mem->is_MergeMem()) {
-            assert(mem->as_MergeMem()->memory_at(Compile::AliasIdxRaw) == _callprojs.fallthrough_memproj, "allocation memory projection");
+            assert(mem->as_MergeMem()->memory_at(Compile::AliasIdxRaw) == _callprojs->fallthrough_memproj, "allocation memory projection");
           } else {
-            assert(mem == _callprojs.fallthrough_memproj, "allocation memory projection");
+            assert(mem == _callprojs->fallthrough_memproj, "allocation memory projection");
           }
         }
 #endif
         init->replace_mem_projs_by(mem, &_igvn);
         assert(init->outcnt() == 0, "should only have had a control and some memory projections, and we removed them");
+      } else if (use->Opcode() == Op_MemBarStoreStore) {
+        // Inline type buffer allocations are followed by a membar
+        assert(inline_alloc, "Unexpected MemBarStoreStore");
+        use->as_MemBar()->remove(&_igvn);
       } else  {
         assert(false, "only Initialize or AddP expected");
       }
-      j -= (oc1 - _callprojs.resproj->outcnt());
+      j -= (oc1 - _callprojs->resproj[0]->outcnt());
     }
   }
-  if (_callprojs.fallthrough_catchproj != nullptr) {
-    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs.fallthrough_catchproj, alloc->in(TypeFunc::Control));
+  if (_callprojs->fallthrough_catchproj != nullptr) {
+    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs->fallthrough_catchproj, alloc->in(TypeFunc::Control));
   }
-  if (_callprojs.fallthrough_memproj != nullptr) {
-    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs.fallthrough_memproj, alloc->in(TypeFunc::Memory));
+  if (_callprojs->fallthrough_memproj != nullptr) {
+    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs->fallthrough_memproj, alloc->in(TypeFunc::Memory));
   }
-  if (_callprojs.catchall_memproj != nullptr) {
-    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs.catchall_memproj, C->top());
+  if (_callprojs->catchall_memproj != nullptr) {
+    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs->catchall_memproj, C->top());
   }
-  if (_callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj != nullptr) {
-    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj, alloc->in(TypeFunc::I_O));
+  if (_callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj != nullptr) {
+    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj, alloc->in(TypeFunc::I_O));
   }
-  if (_callprojs.catchall_ioproj != nullptr) {
-    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs.catchall_ioproj, C->top());
+  if (_callprojs->catchall_ioproj != nullptr) {
+    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs->catchall_ioproj, C->top());
   }
-  if (_callprojs.catchall_catchproj != nullptr) {
-    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs.catchall_catchproj, C->top());
+  if (_callprojs->catchall_catchproj != nullptr) {
+    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs->catchall_catchproj, C->top());
   }
 }
 
@@ -1192,22 +1515,30 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::eliminate_allocate_node(AllocateNode *alloc) {
   // nice with JVMTI popframe.
   // We avoid this issue by eager reallocation when the popframe request
   // is received.
-  if (!EliminateAllocations || !alloc->_is_non_escaping) {
+  if (!EliminateAllocations) {
     return false;
   }
   Node* klass = alloc->in(AllocateNode::KlassNode);
   const TypeKlassPtr* tklass = _igvn.type(klass)->is_klassptr();
-  Node* res = alloc->result_cast();
+
+  // Attempt to eliminate inline type buffer allocations
+  // regardless of usage and escape/replaceable status.
+  bool inline_alloc = tklass->isa_instklassptr() &&
+                      tklass->is_instklassptr()->instance_klass()->is_inlinetype();
+  if (!alloc->_is_non_escaping && !inline_alloc) {
+    return false;
+  }
   // Eliminate boxing allocations which are not used
   // regardless scalar replaceable status.
-  bool boxing_alloc = C->eliminate_boxing() &&
+  Node* res = alloc->result_cast();
+  bool boxing_alloc = (res == nullptr) && C->eliminate_boxing() &&
                       tklass->isa_instklassptr() &&
                       tklass->is_instklassptr()->instance_klass()->is_box_klass();
-  if (!alloc->_is_scalar_replaceable && (!boxing_alloc || (res != nullptr))) {
+  if (!alloc->_is_scalar_replaceable && !boxing_alloc && !inline_alloc) {
     return false;
   }
 
-  alloc->extract_projections(&_callprojs, false /*separate_io_proj*/, false /*do_asserts*/);
+  _callprojs = alloc->extract_projections(false /*separate_io_proj*/, false /*do_asserts*/);
 
   Unique_Node_List safepoints;
   if (!can_eliminate_allocation(&_igvn, alloc, &safepoints)) {
@@ -1215,7 +1546,7 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::eliminate_allocate_node(AllocateNode *alloc) {
   }
 
   if (!alloc->_is_scalar_replaceable) {
-    assert(res == nullptr, "sanity");
+    assert(res == nullptr || inline_alloc, "sanity");
     // We can only eliminate allocation if all debug info references
     // are already replaced with SafePointScalarObject because
     // we can't search for a fields value without instance_id.
@@ -1240,7 +1571,7 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::eliminate_allocate_node(AllocateNode *alloc) {
     log->tail("eliminate_allocation");
   }
 
-  process_users_of_allocation(alloc);
+  process_users_of_allocation(alloc, inline_alloc);
 
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   if (PrintEliminateAllocations) {
@@ -1254,26 +1585,36 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::eliminate_allocate_node(AllocateNode *alloc) {
   return true;
 }
 
-bool PhaseMacroExpand::eliminate_boxing_node(CallStaticJavaNode *boxing) {
+bool PhaseMacroExpand::eliminate_boxing_node(CallStaticJavaNode* call) {
   // EA should remove all uses of non-escaping boxing node.
-  if (!C->eliminate_boxing() || boxing->proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Parms) != nullptr) {
+  if (!C->eliminate_boxing()) {
     return false;
   }
+  for (uint i = TypeFunc::Parms; i < call->tf()->range_cc()->cnt(); ++i) {
+    if (call->proj_out_or_null(i) != nullptr) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
 
-  assert(boxing->result_cast() == nullptr, "unexpected boxing node result");
-
-  boxing->extract_projections(&_callprojs, false /*separate_io_proj*/, false /*do_asserts*/);
+  _callprojs = call->extract_projections(false /*separate_io_proj*/, false /*do_asserts*/);
 
-  const TypeTuple* r = boxing->tf()->range();
-  assert(r->cnt() > TypeFunc::Parms, "sanity");
-  const TypeInstPtr* t = r->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms)->isa_instptr();
-  assert(t != nullptr, "sanity");
+  process_users_of_allocation(call);
 
   CompileLog* log = C->log();
   if (log != nullptr) {
+    const TypeInstPtr* t = nullptr;
+    if (call->is_boxing_method()) {
+      const TypeTuple* range = call->tf()->range_sig();
+      t = range->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms)->isa_instptr();
+    } else {
+      assert(call->is_unboxing_method(), "Unexpected call");
+      const TypeTuple* domain = call->tf()->domain_sig();
+      t = domain->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms)->isa_instptr();
+      assert(!t->maybe_null(), "missing receiver null check?");
+    }
     log->head("eliminate_boxing type='%d'",
               log->identify(t->instance_klass()));
-    JVMState* p = boxing->jvms();
+    JVMState* p = call->jvms();
     while (p != nullptr) {
       log->elem("jvms bci='%d' method='%d'", p->bci(), log->identify(p->method()));
       p = p->caller();
@@ -1281,12 +1622,10 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::eliminate_boxing_node(CallStaticJavaNode *boxing) {
     log->tail("eliminate_boxing");
   }
 
-  process_users_of_allocation(boxing);
-
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   if (PrintEliminateAllocations) {
-    tty->print("++++ Eliminated: %d ", boxing->_idx);
-    boxing->method()->print_short_name(tty);
+    tty->print("++++ Eliminated: %d ", call->_idx);
+    call->method()->print_short_name(tty);
     tty->cr();
   }
 #endif
@@ -1294,7 +1633,6 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::eliminate_boxing_node(CallStaticJavaNode *boxing) {
   return true;
 }
 
-
 Node* PhaseMacroExpand::make_load_raw(Node* ctl, Node* mem, Node* base, int offset, const Type* value_type, BasicType bt) {
   Node* adr = off_heap_plus_addr(base, offset);
   const TypePtr* adr_type = adr->bottom_type()->is_ptr();
@@ -1368,6 +1706,7 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::make_store_raw(Node* ctl, Node* mem, Node* base, int off
 void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_allocate_common(
             AllocateNode* alloc, // allocation node to be expanded
             Node* length,  // array length for an array allocation
+            Node* init_val, // value to initialize the array with
             const TypeFunc* slow_call_type, // Type of slow call
             address slow_call_address,  // Address of slow call
             Node* valid_length_test // whether length is valid or not
@@ -1452,10 +1791,10 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_allocate_common(
     IfNode *toobig_iff = new IfNode(ctrl, initial_slow_test, PROB_MIN, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
     transform_later(toobig_iff);
     // Plug the failing-too-big test into the slow-path region
-    Node *toobig_true = new IfTrueNode( toobig_iff );
+    Node* toobig_true = new IfTrueNode(toobig_iff);
     transform_later(toobig_true);
     slow_region    ->init_req( too_big_or_final_path, toobig_true );
-    toobig_false = new IfFalseNode( toobig_iff );
+    toobig_false = new IfFalseNode(toobig_iff);
     transform_later(toobig_false);
   } else {
     // No initial test, just fall into next case
@@ -1494,6 +1833,7 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_allocate_common(
     // Name successful fast-path variables
     Node* fast_oop_ctrl;
     Node* fast_oop_rawmem;
+
     if (allocation_has_use) {
       Node* needgc_ctrl = nullptr;
       result_phi_rawoop = new PhiNode(result_region, TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM);
@@ -1551,6 +1891,9 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_allocate_common(
   call->init_req(TypeFunc::Parms+0, klass_node);
   if (length != nullptr) {
     call->init_req(TypeFunc::Parms+1, length);
+    if (init_val != nullptr) {
+      call->init_req(TypeFunc::Parms+2, init_val);
+    }
   }
 
   // Copy debug information and adjust JVMState information, then replace
@@ -1582,24 +1925,24 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_allocate_common(
   //
   //  We are interested in the CatchProj nodes.
   //
-  call->extract_projections(&_callprojs, false /*separate_io_proj*/, false /*do_asserts*/);
+  _callprojs = call->extract_projections(false /*separate_io_proj*/, false /*do_asserts*/);
 
   // An allocate node has separate memory projections for the uses on
   // the control and i_o paths. Replace the control memory projection with
   // result_phi_rawmem (unless we are only generating a slow call when
   // both memory projections are combined)
-  if (expand_fast_path && _callprojs.fallthrough_memproj != nullptr) {
-    migrate_outs(_callprojs.fallthrough_memproj, result_phi_rawmem);
+  if (expand_fast_path && _callprojs->fallthrough_memproj != nullptr) {
+    _igvn.replace_in_uses(_callprojs->fallthrough_memproj, result_phi_rawmem);
   }
   // Now change uses of catchall_memproj to use fallthrough_memproj and delete
   // catchall_memproj so we end up with a call that has only 1 memory projection.
-  if (_callprojs.catchall_memproj != nullptr ) {
-    if (_callprojs.fallthrough_memproj == nullptr) {
-      _callprojs.fallthrough_memproj = new ProjNode(call, TypeFunc::Memory);
-      transform_later(_callprojs.fallthrough_memproj);
+  if (_callprojs->catchall_memproj != nullptr) {
+    if (_callprojs->fallthrough_memproj == nullptr) {
+      _callprojs->fallthrough_memproj = new ProjNode(call, TypeFunc::Memory);
+      transform_later(_callprojs->fallthrough_memproj);
     }
-    migrate_outs(_callprojs.catchall_memproj, _callprojs.fallthrough_memproj);
-    _igvn.remove_dead_node(_callprojs.catchall_memproj, PhaseIterGVN::NodeOrigin::Graph);
+    _igvn.replace_in_uses(_callprojs->catchall_memproj, _callprojs->fallthrough_memproj);
+    _igvn.remove_dead_node(_callprojs->catchall_memproj, PhaseIterGVN::NodeOrigin::Graph);
   }
 
   // An allocate node has separate i_o projections for the uses on the control
@@ -1607,18 +1950,18 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_allocate_common(
   // otherwise incoming i_o become dead when only a slow call is generated
   // (it is different from memory projections where both projections are
   // combined in such case).
-  if (_callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj != nullptr) {
-    migrate_outs(_callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj, result_phi_i_o);
+  if (_callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj != nullptr) {
+    _igvn.replace_in_uses(_callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj, result_phi_i_o);
   }
   // Now change uses of catchall_ioproj to use fallthrough_ioproj and delete
   // catchall_ioproj so we end up with a call that has only 1 i_o projection.
-  if (_callprojs.catchall_ioproj != nullptr ) {
-    if (_callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj == nullptr) {
-      _callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj = new ProjNode(call, TypeFunc::I_O);
-      transform_later(_callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj);
+  if (_callprojs->catchall_ioproj != nullptr) {
+    if (_callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj == nullptr) {
+      _callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj = new ProjNode(call, TypeFunc::I_O);
+      transform_later(_callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj);
     }
-    migrate_outs(_callprojs.catchall_ioproj, _callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj);
-    _igvn.remove_dead_node(_callprojs.catchall_ioproj, PhaseIterGVN::NodeOrigin::Graph);
+    _igvn.replace_in_uses(_callprojs->catchall_ioproj, _callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj);
+    _igvn.remove_dead_node(_callprojs->catchall_ioproj, PhaseIterGVN::NodeOrigin::Graph);
   }
 
   // if we generated only a slow call, we are done
@@ -1637,21 +1980,21 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_allocate_common(
     return;
   }
 
-  if (_callprojs.fallthrough_catchproj != nullptr) {
-    ctrl = _callprojs.fallthrough_catchproj->clone();
+  if (_callprojs->fallthrough_catchproj != nullptr) {
+    ctrl = _callprojs->fallthrough_catchproj->clone();
     transform_later(ctrl);
-    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs.fallthrough_catchproj, result_region);
+    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs->fallthrough_catchproj, result_region);
   } else {
     ctrl = top();
   }
   Node *slow_result;
-  if (_callprojs.resproj == nullptr) {
+  if (_callprojs->resproj[0] == nullptr) {
     // no uses of the allocation result
     slow_result = top();
   } else {
-    slow_result = _callprojs.resproj->clone();
+    slow_result = _callprojs->resproj[0]->clone();
     transform_later(slow_result);
-    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs.resproj, result_phi_rawoop);
+    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs->resproj[0], result_phi_rawoop);
   }
 
   // Plug slow-path into result merge point
@@ -1661,7 +2004,7 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_allocate_common(
     result_phi_rawoop->init_req(slow_result_path, slow_result);
     transform_later(result_phi_rawoop);
   }
-  result_phi_rawmem->init_req(slow_result_path, _callprojs.fallthrough_memproj);
+  result_phi_rawmem->init_req(slow_result_path, _callprojs->fallthrough_memproj);
   transform_later(result_phi_rawmem);
   transform_later(result_phi_i_o);
   // This completes all paths into the result merge point
@@ -1673,45 +2016,45 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::yank_alloc_node(AllocateNode* alloc) {
   Node* mem  = alloc->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
   Node* i_o  = alloc->in(TypeFunc::I_O);
 
-  alloc->extract_projections(&_callprojs, false /*separate_io_proj*/, false /*do_asserts*/);
-  if (_callprojs.resproj != nullptr) {
-    for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = _callprojs.resproj->fast_outs(imax); i < imax; i++) {
-      Node* use = _callprojs.resproj->fast_out(i);
+  _callprojs = alloc->extract_projections(false /*separate_io_proj*/, false /*do_asserts*/);
+  if (_callprojs->resproj[0] != nullptr) {
+    for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = _callprojs->resproj[0]->fast_outs(imax); i < imax; i++) {
+      Node* use = _callprojs->resproj[0]->fast_out(i);
       use->isa_MemBar()->remove(&_igvn);
       --imax;
       --i; // back up iterator
     }
-    assert(_callprojs.resproj->outcnt() == 0, "all uses must be deleted");
-    _igvn.remove_dead_node(_callprojs.resproj, PhaseIterGVN::NodeOrigin::Graph);
+    assert(_callprojs->resproj[0]->outcnt() == 0, "all uses must be deleted");
+    _igvn.remove_dead_node(_callprojs->resproj[0], PhaseIterGVN::NodeOrigin::Graph);
   }
-  if (_callprojs.fallthrough_catchproj != nullptr) {
-    migrate_outs(_callprojs.fallthrough_catchproj, ctrl);
-    _igvn.remove_dead_node(_callprojs.fallthrough_catchproj, PhaseIterGVN::NodeOrigin::Graph);
+  if (_callprojs->fallthrough_catchproj != nullptr) {
+    _igvn.replace_in_uses(_callprojs->fallthrough_catchproj, ctrl);
+    _igvn.remove_dead_node(_callprojs->fallthrough_catchproj, PhaseIterGVN::NodeOrigin::Graph);
   }
-  if (_callprojs.catchall_catchproj != nullptr) {
-    _igvn.rehash_node_delayed(_callprojs.catchall_catchproj);
-    _callprojs.catchall_catchproj->set_req(0, top());
+  if (_callprojs->catchall_catchproj != nullptr) {
+    _igvn.rehash_node_delayed(_callprojs->catchall_catchproj);
+    _callprojs->catchall_catchproj->set_req(0, top());
   }
-  if (_callprojs.fallthrough_proj != nullptr) {
-    Node* catchnode = _callprojs.fallthrough_proj->unique_ctrl_out();
+  if (_callprojs->fallthrough_proj != nullptr) {
+    Node* catchnode = _callprojs->fallthrough_proj->unique_ctrl_out();
     _igvn.remove_dead_node(catchnode, PhaseIterGVN::NodeOrigin::Graph);
-    _igvn.remove_dead_node(_callprojs.fallthrough_proj, PhaseIterGVN::NodeOrigin::Graph);
+    _igvn.remove_dead_node(_callprojs->fallthrough_proj, PhaseIterGVN::NodeOrigin::Graph);
   }
-  if (_callprojs.fallthrough_memproj != nullptr) {
-    migrate_outs(_callprojs.fallthrough_memproj, mem);
-    _igvn.remove_dead_node(_callprojs.fallthrough_memproj, PhaseIterGVN::NodeOrigin::Graph);
+  if (_callprojs->fallthrough_memproj != nullptr) {
+    _igvn.replace_in_uses(_callprojs->fallthrough_memproj, mem);
+    _igvn.remove_dead_node(_callprojs->fallthrough_memproj, PhaseIterGVN::NodeOrigin::Graph);
   }
-  if (_callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj != nullptr) {
-    migrate_outs(_callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj, i_o);
-    _igvn.remove_dead_node(_callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj, PhaseIterGVN::NodeOrigin::Graph);
+  if (_callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj != nullptr) {
+    _igvn.replace_in_uses(_callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj, i_o);
+    _igvn.remove_dead_node(_callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj, PhaseIterGVN::NodeOrigin::Graph);
   }
-  if (_callprojs.catchall_memproj != nullptr) {
-    _igvn.rehash_node_delayed(_callprojs.catchall_memproj);
-    _callprojs.catchall_memproj->set_req(0, top());
+  if (_callprojs->catchall_memproj != nullptr) {
+    _igvn.rehash_node_delayed(_callprojs->catchall_memproj);
+    _callprojs->catchall_memproj->set_req(0, top());
   }
-  if (_callprojs.catchall_ioproj != nullptr) {
-    _igvn.rehash_node_delayed(_callprojs.catchall_ioproj);
-    _callprojs.catchall_ioproj->set_req(0, top());
+  if (_callprojs->catchall_ioproj != nullptr) {
+    _igvn.rehash_node_delayed(_callprojs->catchall_ioproj);
+    _callprojs->catchall_ioproj->set_req(0, top());
   }
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   if (PrintEliminateAllocations) {
@@ -1845,11 +2188,10 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_dtrace_alloc_probe(AllocateNode* alloc, Node* oop,
 
 // Helper for PhaseMacroExpand::expand_allocate_common.
 // Initializes the newly-allocated storage.
-Node*
-PhaseMacroExpand::initialize_object(AllocateNode* alloc,
-                                    Node* control, Node* rawmem, Node* object,
-                                    Node* klass_node, Node* length,
-                                    Node* size_in_bytes) {
+Node* PhaseMacroExpand::initialize_object(AllocateNode* alloc,
+                                          Node* control, Node* rawmem, Node* object,
+                                          Node* klass_node, Node* length,
+                                          Node* size_in_bytes) {
   InitializeNode* init = alloc->initialization();
   // Store the klass & mark bits
   Node* mark_node = alloc->make_ideal_mark(&_igvn, control, rawmem);
@@ -1869,7 +2211,7 @@ PhaseMacroExpand::initialize_object(AllocateNode* alloc,
     // conservatively small header size:
     header_size = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_BYTE);
     if (_igvn.type(klass_node)->isa_aryklassptr()) {   // we know the exact header size in most cases:
-      BasicType elem = _igvn.type(klass_node)->is_klassptr()->as_instance_type()->isa_aryptr()->elem()->array_element_basic_type();
+      BasicType elem = _igvn.type(klass_node)->is_klassptr()->as_exact_instance_type()->isa_aryptr()->elem()->array_element_basic_type();
       if (is_reference_type(elem, true)) {
         elem = T_OBJECT;
       }
@@ -1890,6 +2232,8 @@ PhaseMacroExpand::initialize_object(AllocateNode* alloc,
     // within an Allocate, and then (maybe or maybe not) clear some more later.
     if (!(UseTLAB && ZeroTLAB)) {
       rawmem = ClearArrayNode::clear_memory(control, rawmem, object,
+                                            alloc->in(AllocateNode::InitValue),
+                                            alloc->in(AllocateNode::RawInitValue),
                                             header_size, size_in_bytes,
                                             true,
                                             &_igvn);
@@ -2064,7 +2408,7 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::prefetch_allocation(Node* i_o, Node*& needgc_false,
 
 
 void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_allocate(AllocateNode *alloc) {
-  expand_allocate_common(alloc, nullptr,
+  expand_allocate_common(alloc, nullptr, nullptr,
                          OptoRuntime::new_instance_Type(),
                          OptoRuntime::new_instance_Java(), nullptr);
 }
@@ -2074,18 +2418,30 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_allocate_array(AllocateArrayNode *alloc) {
   Node* valid_length_test = alloc->in(AllocateNode::ValidLengthTest);
   InitializeNode* init = alloc->initialization();
   Node* klass_node = alloc->in(AllocateNode::KlassNode);
+  Node* init_value = alloc->in(AllocateNode::InitValue);
   const TypeAryKlassPtr* ary_klass_t = _igvn.type(klass_node)->isa_aryklassptr();
+  assert(!ary_klass_t || !ary_klass_t->klass_is_exact() || !ary_klass_t->exact_klass()->is_obj_array_klass() ||
+         ary_klass_t->is_refined_type(), "Must be a refined array klass");
+  const TypeFunc* slow_call_type;
   address slow_call_address;  // Address of slow call
   if (init != nullptr && init->is_complete_with_arraycopy() &&
       ary_klass_t && ary_klass_t->elem()->isa_klassptr() == nullptr) {
     // Don't zero type array during slow allocation in VM since
     // it will be initialized later by arraycopy in compiled code.
     slow_call_address = OptoRuntime::new_array_nozero_Java();
+    slow_call_type = OptoRuntime::new_array_nozero_Type();
   } else {
     slow_call_address = OptoRuntime::new_array_Java();
+    slow_call_type = OptoRuntime::new_array_Type();
+
+    if (init_value == nullptr) {
+      init_value = _igvn.zerocon(T_OBJECT);
+    } else if (UseCompressedOops) {
+      init_value = transform_later(new DecodeNNode(init_value, init_value->bottom_type()->make_ptr()));
+    }
   }
-  expand_allocate_common(alloc, length,
-                         OptoRuntime::new_array_Type(),
+  expand_allocate_common(alloc, length, init_value,
+                         slow_call_type,
                          slow_call_address, valid_length_test);
 }
 
@@ -2297,16 +2653,16 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::eliminate_locking_node(AbstractLockNode *alock) {
   Node* ctrl = alock->in(TypeFunc::Control);
   guarantee(ctrl != nullptr, "missing control projection, cannot replace_node() with null");
 
-  alock->extract_projections(&_callprojs, false /*separate_io_proj*/, false /*do_asserts*/);
+  _callprojs = alock->extract_projections(false /*separate_io_proj*/, false /*do_asserts*/);
   // There are 2 projections from the lock.  The lock node will
   // be deleted when its last use is subsumed below.
   assert(alock->outcnt() == 2 &&
-         _callprojs.fallthrough_proj != nullptr &&
-         _callprojs.fallthrough_memproj != nullptr,
+         _callprojs->fallthrough_proj != nullptr &&
+         _callprojs->fallthrough_memproj != nullptr,
          "Unexpected projections from Lock/Unlock");
 
-  Node* fallthroughproj = _callprojs.fallthrough_proj;
-  Node* memproj_fallthrough = _callprojs.fallthrough_memproj;
+  Node* fallthroughproj = _callprojs->fallthrough_proj;
+  Node* memproj_fallthrough = _callprojs->fallthrough_memproj;
 
   // The memory projection from a lock/unlock is RawMem
   // The input to a Lock is merged memory, so extract its RawMem input
@@ -2377,26 +2733,26 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_lock_node(LockNode *lock) {
                                   OptoRuntime::complete_monitor_locking_Java(), nullptr, slow_path,
                                   obj, box, nullptr);
 
-  call->extract_projections(&_callprojs, false /*separate_io_proj*/, false /*do_asserts*/);
+  _callprojs = call->extract_projections(false /*separate_io_proj*/, false /*do_asserts*/);
 
   // Slow path can only throw asynchronous exceptions, which are always
   // de-opted.  So the compiler thinks the slow-call can never throw an
   // exception.  If it DOES throw an exception we would need the debug
   // info removed first (since if it throws there is no monitor).
-  assert(_callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj == nullptr && _callprojs.catchall_ioproj == nullptr &&
-         _callprojs.catchall_memproj == nullptr && _callprojs.catchall_catchproj == nullptr, "Unexpected projection from Lock");
+  assert(_callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj == nullptr && _callprojs->catchall_ioproj == nullptr &&
+         _callprojs->catchall_memproj == nullptr && _callprojs->catchall_catchproj == nullptr, "Unexpected projection from Lock");
 
   // Capture slow path
   // disconnect fall-through projection from call and create a new one
   // hook up users of fall-through projection to region
-  Node *slow_ctrl = _callprojs.fallthrough_proj->clone();
+  Node *slow_ctrl = _callprojs->fallthrough_proj->clone();
   transform_later(slow_ctrl);
-  _igvn.hash_delete(_callprojs.fallthrough_proj);
-  _callprojs.fallthrough_proj->disconnect_inputs(C);
+  _igvn.hash_delete(_callprojs->fallthrough_proj);
+  _callprojs->fallthrough_proj->disconnect_inputs(C);
   region->init_req(1, slow_ctrl);
   // region inputs are now complete
   transform_later(region);
-  _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs.fallthrough_proj, region);
+  _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs->fallthrough_proj, region);
 
   Node *memproj = transform_later(new ProjNode(call, TypeFunc::Memory));
 
@@ -2404,7 +2760,7 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_lock_node(LockNode *lock) {
 
   transform_later(mem_phi);
 
-  _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs.fallthrough_memproj, mem_phi);
+  _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs->fallthrough_memproj, mem_phi);
 }
 
 //------------------------------expand_unlock_node----------------------
@@ -2432,34 +2788,254 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_unlock_node(UnlockNode *unlock) {
                                   CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, SharedRuntime::complete_monitor_unlocking_C),
                                   "complete_monitor_unlocking_C", slow_path, obj, box, thread);
 
-  call->extract_projections(&_callprojs, false /*separate_io_proj*/, false /*do_asserts*/);
-  assert(_callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj == nullptr && _callprojs.catchall_ioproj == nullptr &&
-         _callprojs.catchall_memproj == nullptr && _callprojs.catchall_catchproj == nullptr, "Unexpected projection from Lock");
+  _callprojs = call->extract_projections(false /*separate_io_proj*/, false /*do_asserts*/);
+  assert(_callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj == nullptr && _callprojs->catchall_ioproj == nullptr &&
+         _callprojs->catchall_memproj == nullptr && _callprojs->catchall_catchproj == nullptr, "Unexpected projection from Lock");
 
   // No exceptions for unlocking
   // Capture slow path
   // disconnect fall-through projection from call and create a new one
   // hook up users of fall-through projection to region
-  Node *slow_ctrl = _callprojs.fallthrough_proj->clone();
+  Node *slow_ctrl = _callprojs->fallthrough_proj->clone();
   transform_later(slow_ctrl);
-  _igvn.hash_delete(_callprojs.fallthrough_proj);
-  _callprojs.fallthrough_proj->disconnect_inputs(C);
+  _igvn.hash_delete(_callprojs->fallthrough_proj);
+  _callprojs->fallthrough_proj->disconnect_inputs(C);
   region->init_req(1, slow_ctrl);
   // region inputs are now complete
   transform_later(region);
-  _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs.fallthrough_proj, region);
+  _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs->fallthrough_proj, region);
 
-  if (_callprojs.fallthrough_memproj != nullptr) {
+  if (_callprojs->fallthrough_memproj != nullptr) {
     // create a Phi for the memory state
     Node* mem_phi = new PhiNode( region, Type::MEMORY, TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM);
     Node* memproj = transform_later(new ProjNode(call, TypeFunc::Memory));
     mem_phi->init_req(1, memproj);
     mem_phi->init_req(2, mem);
     transform_later(mem_phi);
-    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs.fallthrough_memproj, mem_phi);
+    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs->fallthrough_memproj, mem_phi);
   }
 }
 
+// An inline type might be returned from the call but we don't know its
+// type. Either we get a buffered inline type (and nothing needs to be done)
+// or one of the values being returned is the klass of the inline type
+// and we need to allocate an inline type instance of that type and
+// initialize it with other values being returned. In that case, we
+// first try a fast path allocation and initialize the value with the
+// inline klass's pack handler or we fall back to a runtime call.
+void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_mh_intrinsic_return(CallStaticJavaNode* call) {
+  assert(call->method()->is_method_handle_intrinsic(), "must be a method handle intrinsic call");
+  Node* ret = call->proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Parms);
+  if (ret == nullptr) {
+    return;
+  }
+  const TypeFunc* tf = call->_tf;
+  const TypeTuple* domain = OptoRuntime::store_inline_type_fields_Type()->domain_cc();
+  const TypeFunc* new_tf = TypeFunc::make(tf->domain_sig(), tf->domain_cc(), tf->range_sig(), domain, true);
+  call->_tf = new_tf;
+  // Make sure the change of type is applied before projections are processed by igvn
+  _igvn.set_type(call, call->Value(&_igvn));
+  _igvn.set_type(ret, ret->Value(&_igvn));
+
+  // Before any new projection is added:
+  CallProjections* projs = call->extract_projections(true, true);
+
+  // Create temporary hook nodes that will be replaced below.
+  // Add an input to prevent hook nodes from being dead.
+  Node* ctl = new Node(call);
+  Node* mem = new Node(ctl);
+  Node* io = new Node(ctl);
+  Node* ex_ctl = new Node(ctl);
+  Node* ex_mem = new Node(ctl);
+  Node* ex_io = new Node(ctl);
+  Node* res = new Node(ctl);
+
+  // Allocate a new buffered inline type only if a new one is not returned
+  Node* cast = transform_later(new CastP2XNode(ctl, res));
+  Node* mask = MakeConX(0x1);
+  Node* masked = transform_later(new AndXNode(cast, mask));
+  Node* cmp = transform_later(new CmpXNode(masked, mask));
+  Node* bol = transform_later(new BoolNode(cmp, BoolTest::eq));
+  IfNode* allocation_iff = new IfNode(ctl, bol, PROB_MAX, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
+  transform_later(allocation_iff);
+  Node* allocation_ctl = transform_later(new IfTrueNode(allocation_iff));
+  Node* no_allocation_ctl = transform_later(new IfFalseNode(allocation_iff));
+  Node* no_allocation_res = transform_later(new CheckCastPPNode(no_allocation_ctl, res, TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM));
+
+  // Try to allocate a new buffered inline instance either from TLAB or eden space
+  Node* needgc_ctrl = nullptr; // needgc means slowcase, i.e. allocation failed
+  CallLeafNoFPNode* handler_call;
+  const bool alloc_in_place = UseTLAB;
+  if (alloc_in_place) {
+    Node* fast_oop_ctrl = nullptr;
+    Node* fast_oop_rawmem = nullptr;
+    Node* mask2 = MakeConX(-2);
+    Node* masked2 = transform_later(new AndXNode(cast, mask2));
+    Node* rawklassptr = transform_later(new CastX2PNode(masked2));
+    Node* klass_node = transform_later(new CheckCastPPNode(allocation_ctl, rawklassptr, TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT_OR_NULL));
+    Node* layout_val = make_load_raw(nullptr, mem, klass_node, in_bytes(Klass::layout_helper_offset()), TypeInt::INT, T_INT);
+    Node* size_in_bytes = ConvI2X(layout_val);
+    BarrierSetC2* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2();
+    Node* fast_oop = bs->obj_allocate(this, mem, allocation_ctl, size_in_bytes, io, needgc_ctrl,
+                                      fast_oop_ctrl, fast_oop_rawmem,
+                                      AllocateInstancePrefetchLines);
+    // Allocation succeed, initialize buffered inline instance header firstly,
+    // and then initialize its fields with an inline class specific handler
+    Node* mark_word_node;
+    if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+      // COH: We need to load the prototype from the klass at runtime since it encodes the klass pointer already.
+      mark_word_node = make_load_raw(fast_oop_ctrl, fast_oop_rawmem, klass_node, in_bytes(Klass::prototype_header_offset()), TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM, T_ADDRESS);
+    } else {
+      // Otherwise, use the static prototype.
+      mark_word_node = makecon(TypeRawPtr::make((address)markWord::inline_type_prototype().value()));
+    }
+
+    fast_oop_rawmem = make_store_raw(fast_oop_ctrl, fast_oop_rawmem, fast_oop, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), mark_word_node, T_ADDRESS);
+    if (!UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+      // COH: Everything is encoded in the mark word, so nothing left to do.
+      fast_oop_rawmem = make_store_raw(fast_oop_ctrl, fast_oop_rawmem, fast_oop, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes(), klass_node, T_METADATA);
+      fast_oop_rawmem = make_store_raw(fast_oop_ctrl, fast_oop_rawmem, fast_oop, oopDesc::klass_gap_offset_in_bytes(), intcon(0), T_INT);
+    }
+    Node* members  = make_load_raw(fast_oop_ctrl, fast_oop_rawmem, klass_node, in_bytes(InlineKlass::adr_members_offset()), TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM, T_ADDRESS);
+    Node* pack_handler = make_load_raw(fast_oop_ctrl, fast_oop_rawmem, members, in_bytes(InlineKlass::pack_handler_offset()), TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM, T_ADDRESS);
+    handler_call = new CallLeafNoFPNode(OptoRuntime::pack_inline_type_Type(),
+                                        nullptr,
+                                        "pack handler",
+                                        TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM);
+    handler_call->init_req(TypeFunc::Control, fast_oop_ctrl);
+    handler_call->init_req(TypeFunc::Memory, fast_oop_rawmem);
+    handler_call->init_req(TypeFunc::I_O, top());
+    handler_call->init_req(TypeFunc::FramePtr, call->in(TypeFunc::FramePtr));
+    handler_call->init_req(TypeFunc::ReturnAdr, top());
+    handler_call->init_req(TypeFunc::Parms, pack_handler);
+    handler_call->init_req(TypeFunc::Parms+1, fast_oop);
+  } else {
+    needgc_ctrl = allocation_ctl;
+  }
+
+  // Allocation failed, fall back to a runtime call
+  CallStaticJavaNode* slow_call = new CallStaticJavaNode(OptoRuntime::store_inline_type_fields_Type(),
+                                                         SharedRuntime::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf_entry(),
+                                                         "store_inline_type_fields",
+                                                         TypePtr::BOTTOM);
+  slow_call->init_req(TypeFunc::Control, needgc_ctrl);
+  slow_call->init_req(TypeFunc::Memory, mem);
+  slow_call->init_req(TypeFunc::I_O, io);
+  slow_call->init_req(TypeFunc::FramePtr, call->in(TypeFunc::FramePtr));
+  slow_call->init_req(TypeFunc::ReturnAdr, call->in(TypeFunc::ReturnAdr));
+  slow_call->init_req(TypeFunc::Parms, res);
+
+  Node* slow_ctl = transform_later(new ProjNode(slow_call, TypeFunc::Control));
+  Node* slow_mem = transform_later(new ProjNode(slow_call, TypeFunc::Memory));
+  Node* slow_io = transform_later(new ProjNode(slow_call, TypeFunc::I_O));
+  Node* slow_res = transform_later(new ProjNode(slow_call, TypeFunc::Parms));
+  Node* slow_catc = transform_later(new CatchNode(slow_ctl, slow_io, 2));
+  Node* slow_norm = transform_later(new CatchProjNode(slow_catc, CatchProjNode::fall_through_index, CatchProjNode::no_handler_bci));
+  Node* slow_excp = transform_later(new CatchProjNode(slow_catc, CatchProjNode::catch_all_index,    CatchProjNode::no_handler_bci));
+
+  Node* ex_r = new RegionNode(3);
+  Node* ex_mem_phi = new PhiNode(ex_r, Type::MEMORY, TypePtr::BOTTOM);
+  Node* ex_io_phi = new PhiNode(ex_r, Type::ABIO);
+  ex_r->init_req(1, slow_excp);
+  ex_mem_phi->init_req(1, slow_mem);
+  ex_io_phi->init_req(1, slow_io);
+  ex_r->init_req(2, ex_ctl);
+  ex_mem_phi->init_req(2, ex_mem);
+  ex_io_phi->init_req(2, ex_io);
+  transform_later(ex_r);
+  transform_later(ex_mem_phi);
+  transform_later(ex_io_phi);
+
+  // We don't know how many values are returned. This assumes the
+  // worst case, that all available registers are used.
+  for (uint i = TypeFunc::Parms+1; i < domain->cnt(); i++) {
+    if (domain->field_at(i) == Type::HALF) {
+      slow_call->init_req(i, top());
+      if (alloc_in_place) {
+        handler_call->init_req(i+1, top());
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+    Node* proj = transform_later(new ProjNode(call, i));
+    slow_call->init_req(i, proj);
+    if (alloc_in_place) {
+      handler_call->init_req(i+1, proj);
+    }
+  }
+  // We can safepoint at that new call
+  slow_call->copy_call_debug_info(&_igvn, call);
+  transform_later(slow_call);
+  if (alloc_in_place) {
+    transform_later(handler_call);
+  }
+
+  Node* fast_ctl = nullptr;
+  Node* fast_res = nullptr;
+  MergeMemNode* fast_mem = nullptr;
+  if (alloc_in_place) {
+    fast_ctl = transform_later(new ProjNode(handler_call, TypeFunc::Control));
+    Node* rawmem = transform_later(new ProjNode(handler_call, TypeFunc::Memory));
+    fast_res = transform_later(new ProjNode(handler_call, TypeFunc::Parms));
+    fast_mem = MergeMemNode::make(mem);
+    fast_mem->set_memory_at(Compile::AliasIdxRaw, rawmem);
+    transform_later(fast_mem);
+  }
+
+  Node* r = new RegionNode(alloc_in_place ? 4 : 3);
+  Node* mem_phi = new PhiNode(r, Type::MEMORY, TypePtr::BOTTOM);
+  Node* io_phi = new PhiNode(r, Type::ABIO);
+  Node* res_phi = new PhiNode(r, TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM);
+  r->init_req(1, no_allocation_ctl);
+  mem_phi->init_req(1, mem);
+  io_phi->init_req(1, io);
+  res_phi->init_req(1, no_allocation_res);
+  r->init_req(2, slow_norm);
+  mem_phi->init_req(2, slow_mem);
+  io_phi->init_req(2, slow_io);
+  res_phi->init_req(2, slow_res);
+  if (alloc_in_place) {
+    r->init_req(3, fast_ctl);
+    mem_phi->init_req(3, fast_mem);
+    io_phi->init_req(3, io);
+    res_phi->init_req(3, fast_res);
+  }
+  transform_later(r);
+  transform_later(mem_phi);
+  transform_later(io_phi);
+  transform_later(res_phi);
+
+  // Do not let stores that initialize this buffer be reordered with a subsequent
+  // store that would make this buffer accessible by other threads.
+  MemBarNode* mb = MemBarNode::make(C, Op_MemBarStoreStore, Compile::AliasIdxBot);
+  transform_later(mb);
+  mb->init_req(TypeFunc::Memory, mem_phi);
+  mb->init_req(TypeFunc::Control, r);
+  r = new ProjNode(mb, TypeFunc::Control);
+  transform_later(r);
+  mem_phi = new ProjNode(mb, TypeFunc::Memory);
+  transform_later(mem_phi);
+
+  assert(projs->nb_resproj == 1, "unexpected number of results");
+  _igvn.replace_in_uses(projs->fallthrough_catchproj, r);
+  _igvn.replace_in_uses(projs->fallthrough_memproj, mem_phi);
+  _igvn.replace_in_uses(projs->fallthrough_ioproj, io_phi);
+  _igvn.replace_in_uses(projs->resproj[0], res_phi);
+  _igvn.replace_in_uses(projs->catchall_catchproj, ex_r);
+  _igvn.replace_in_uses(projs->catchall_memproj, ex_mem_phi);
+  _igvn.replace_in_uses(projs->catchall_ioproj, ex_io_phi);
+  // The CatchNode should not use the ex_io_phi. Re-connect it to the catchall_ioproj.
+  Node* cn = projs->fallthrough_catchproj->in(0);
+  _igvn.replace_input_of(cn, 1, projs->catchall_ioproj);
+
+  _igvn.replace_node(ctl, projs->fallthrough_catchproj);
+  _igvn.replace_node(mem, projs->fallthrough_memproj);
+  _igvn.replace_node(io, projs->fallthrough_ioproj);
+  _igvn.replace_node(res, projs->resproj[0]);
+  _igvn.replace_node(ex_ctl, projs->catchall_catchproj);
+  _igvn.replace_node(ex_mem, projs->catchall_memproj);
+  _igvn.replace_node(ex_io, projs->catchall_ioproj);
+ }
+
 void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_subtypecheck_node(SubTypeCheckNode *check) {
   assert(check->in(SubTypeCheckNode::Control) == nullptr, "should be pinned");
   Node* bol = check->unique_out();
@@ -2485,7 +3061,7 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_subtypecheck_node(SubTypeCheckNode *check) {
       subklass = obj_or_subklass;
     } else {
       Node* k_adr = basic_plus_adr(obj_or_subklass, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes());
-      subklass = _igvn.transform(LoadKlassNode::make(_igvn, C->immutable_memory(), k_adr, TypeInstPtr::KLASS));
+      subklass = _igvn.transform(LoadKlassNode::make(_igvn, C->immutable_memory(), k_adr, TypeInstPtr::KLASS, TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT));
     }
 
     Node* not_subtype_ctrl = Phase::gen_subtype_check(subklass, superklass, &ctrl, nullptr, _igvn, check->method(), check->bci());
@@ -2497,6 +3073,119 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_subtypecheck_node(SubTypeCheckNode *check) {
   _igvn.replace_node(check, C->top());
 }
 
+// FlatArrayCheckNode (array1 array2 ...) is expanded into:
+//
+// long mark = array1.mark | array2.mark | ...;
+// long locked_bit = markWord::unlocked_value & array1.mark & array2.mark & ...;
+// if (locked_bit == 0) {
+//   // One array is locked, load prototype header from the klass
+//   mark = array1.klass.proto | array2.klass.proto | ...
+// }
+// if ((mark & markWord::flat_array_bit_in_place) == 0) {
+//    ...
+// }
+void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_flatarraycheck_node(FlatArrayCheckNode* check) {
+  bool array_inputs = _igvn.type(check->in(FlatArrayCheckNode::ArrayOrKlass))->isa_oopptr() != nullptr;
+  if (array_inputs) {
+    Node* mark = MakeConX(0);
+    Node* locked_bit = MakeConX(markWord::unlocked_value);
+    Node* mem = check->in(FlatArrayCheckNode::Memory);
+    for (uint i = FlatArrayCheckNode::ArrayOrKlass; i < check->req(); ++i) {
+      Node* ary = check->in(i);
+      const TypeOopPtr* t = _igvn.type(ary)->isa_oopptr();
+      assert(t != nullptr, "Mixing array and klass inputs");
+      assert(!t->is_flat() && !t->is_not_flat(), "Should have been optimized out");
+      Node* mark_adr = basic_plus_adr(ary, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes());
+      Node* mark_load = _igvn.transform(LoadNode::make(_igvn, nullptr, mem, mark_adr, mark_adr->bottom_type()->is_ptr(), TypeX_X, TypeX_X->basic_type(), MemNode::unordered));
+      mark = _igvn.transform(new OrXNode(mark, mark_load));
+      locked_bit = _igvn.transform(new AndXNode(locked_bit, mark_load));
+    }
+    assert(!mark->is_Con(), "Should have been optimized out");
+    Node* cmp = _igvn.transform(new CmpXNode(locked_bit, MakeConX(0)));
+    Node* is_unlocked = _igvn.transform(new BoolNode(cmp, BoolTest::ne));
+
+    // BoolNode might be shared, replace each if user
+    Node* old_bol = check->unique_out();
+    assert(old_bol->is_Bool() && old_bol->as_Bool()->_test._test == BoolTest::ne, "unexpected condition");
+    for (DUIterator_Last imin, i = old_bol->last_outs(imin); i >= imin; --i) {
+      IfNode* old_iff = old_bol->last_out(i)->as_If();
+      Node* ctrl = old_iff->in(0);
+      RegionNode* region = new RegionNode(3);
+      Node* mark_phi = new PhiNode(region, TypeX_X);
+
+      // Check if array is unlocked
+      IfNode* iff = _igvn.transform(new IfNode(ctrl, is_unlocked, PROB_MAX, COUNT_UNKNOWN))->as_If();
+
+      // Unlocked: Use bits from mark word
+      region->init_req(1, _igvn.transform(new IfTrueNode(iff)));
+      mark_phi->init_req(1, mark);
+
+      // Locked: Load prototype header from klass
+      ctrl = _igvn.transform(new IfFalseNode(iff));
+      Node* proto = MakeConX(0);
+      for (uint i = FlatArrayCheckNode::ArrayOrKlass; i < check->req(); ++i) {
+        Node* ary = check->in(i);
+        // Make loads control dependent to make sure they are only executed if array is locked
+        Node* klass_adr = basic_plus_adr(ary, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes());
+        Node* klass = _igvn.transform(LoadKlassNode::make(_igvn, C->immutable_memory(), klass_adr, TypeInstPtr::KLASS, TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT));
+        Node* proto_adr = basic_plus_adr(top(), klass, in_bytes(Klass::prototype_header_offset()));
+        Node* proto_load = _igvn.transform(LoadNode::make(_igvn, ctrl, C->immutable_memory(), proto_adr, proto_adr->bottom_type()->is_ptr(), TypeX_X, TypeX_X->basic_type(), MemNode::unordered));
+        proto = _igvn.transform(new OrXNode(proto, proto_load));
+      }
+      region->init_req(2, ctrl);
+      mark_phi->init_req(2, proto);
+
+      // Check if flat array bits are set
+      Node* mask = MakeConX(markWord::flat_array_bit_in_place);
+      Node* masked = _igvn.transform(new AndXNode(_igvn.transform(mark_phi), mask));
+      cmp = _igvn.transform(new CmpXNode(masked, MakeConX(0)));
+      Node* is_not_flat = _igvn.transform(new BoolNode(cmp, BoolTest::eq));
+
+      ctrl = _igvn.transform(region);
+      iff = _igvn.transform(new IfNode(ctrl, is_not_flat, PROB_MAX, COUNT_UNKNOWN))->as_If();
+      _igvn.replace_node(old_iff, iff);
+    }
+    _igvn.replace_node(check, C->top());
+  } else {
+    // Fall back to layout helper check
+    Node* lhs = intcon(0);
+    for (uint i = FlatArrayCheckNode::ArrayOrKlass; i < check->req(); ++i) {
+      Node* array_or_klass = check->in(i);
+      Node* klass = nullptr;
+      const TypePtr* t = _igvn.type(array_or_klass)->is_ptr();
+      assert(!t->is_flat() && !t->is_not_flat(), "Should have been optimized out");
+      if (t->isa_oopptr() != nullptr) {
+        Node* klass_adr = basic_plus_adr(array_or_klass, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes());
+        klass = transform_later(LoadKlassNode::make(_igvn, C->immutable_memory(), klass_adr, TypeInstPtr::KLASS, TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT));
+      } else {
+        assert(t->isa_klassptr(), "Unexpected input type");
+        klass = array_or_klass;
+      }
+      Node* lh_addr = basic_plus_adr(top(), klass, in_bytes(Klass::layout_helper_offset()));
+      Node* lh_val = _igvn.transform(LoadNode::make(_igvn, nullptr, C->immutable_memory(), lh_addr, lh_addr->bottom_type()->is_ptr(), TypeInt::INT, T_INT, MemNode::unordered));
+      lhs = _igvn.transform(new OrINode(lhs, lh_val));
+    }
+    Node* masked = transform_later(new AndINode(lhs, intcon(Klass::_lh_array_tag_flat_value_bit_inplace)));
+    Node* cmp = transform_later(new CmpINode(masked, intcon(0)));
+    Node* bol = transform_later(new BoolNode(cmp, BoolTest::eq));
+    Node* m2b = transform_later(new Conv2BNode(masked));
+    // The matcher expects the input to If/CMove nodes to be produced by a Bool(CmpI..)
+    // pattern, but the input to other potential users (e.g. Phi) to be some
+    // other pattern (e.g. a Conv2B node, possibly idealized as a CMoveI).
+    Node* old_bol = check->unique_out();
+    for (DUIterator_Last imin, i = old_bol->last_outs(imin); i >= imin; --i) {
+      Node* user = old_bol->last_out(i);
+      for (uint j = 0; j < user->req(); j++) {
+        Node* n = user->in(j);
+        if (n == old_bol) {
+          _igvn.replace_input_of(user, j, (user->is_If() || user->is_CMove()) ? bol : m2b);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    _igvn.replace_node(check, C->top());
+  }
+}
+
 // Perform refining of strip mined loop nodes in the macro nodes list.
 void PhaseMacroExpand::refine_strip_mined_loop_macro_nodes() {
    for (int i = C->macro_count(); i > 0; i--) {
@@ -2509,61 +3198,48 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::refine_strip_mined_loop_macro_nodes() {
 
 //---------------------------eliminate_macro_nodes----------------------
 // Eliminate scalar replaced allocations and associated locks.
-void PhaseMacroExpand::eliminate_macro_nodes() {
-  if (C->macro_count() == 0)
+void PhaseMacroExpand::eliminate_macro_nodes(bool eliminate_locks) {
+  if (C->macro_count() == 0) {
     return;
+  }
 
   if (StressMacroElimination) {
     C->shuffle_macro_nodes();
   }
   NOT_PRODUCT(int membar_before = count_MemBar(C);)
 
-  // Before elimination may re-mark (change to Nested or NonEscObj)
-  // all associated (same box and obj) lock and unlock nodes.
-  int cnt = C->macro_count();
-  for (int i=0; i < cnt; i++) {
-    Node *n = C->macro_node(i);
-    if (n->is_AbstractLock()) { // Lock and Unlock nodes
-      mark_eliminated_locking_nodes(n->as_AbstractLock());
+  int iteration = 0;
+  while (C->macro_count() > 0) {
+    if (iteration++ > 100) {
+      assert(false, "Too slow convergence of macro elimination");
+      break;
     }
-  }
-  // Re-marking may break consistency of Coarsened locks.
-  if (!C->coarsened_locks_consistent()) {
-    return; // recompile without Coarsened locks if broken
-  } else {
-    // After coarsened locks are eliminated locking regions
-    // become unbalanced. We should not execute any more
-    // locks elimination optimizations on them.
-    C->mark_unbalanced_boxes();
-  }
 
-  // First, attempt to eliminate locks
-  bool progress = true;
-  while (progress) {
-    progress = false;
-    for (int i = C->macro_count(); i > 0; i = MIN2(i - 1, C->macro_count())) { // more than 1 element can be eliminated at once
-      Node* n = C->macro_node(i - 1);
-      bool success = false;
-      DEBUG_ONLY(int old_macro_count = C->macro_count();)
-      if (n->is_AbstractLock()) {
-        success = eliminate_locking_node(n->as_AbstractLock());
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-        if (success && PrintOptoStatistics) {
-          AtomicAccess::inc(&PhaseMacroExpand::_monitor_objects_removed_counter);
+    // Postpone lock elimination to after EA when most allocations are eliminated
+    // because they might block lock elimination if their escape state isn't
+    // determined yet and we only got one chance at eliminating the lock.
+    if (eliminate_locks) {
+      // Before elimination may re-mark (change to Nested or NonEscObj)
+      // all associated (same box and obj) lock and unlock nodes.
+      int cnt = C->macro_count();
+      for (int i=0; i < cnt; i++) {
+        Node *n = C->macro_node(i);
+        if (n->is_AbstractLock()) { // Lock and Unlock nodes
+          mark_eliminated_locking_nodes(n->as_AbstractLock());
         }
-#endif
       }
-      assert(success == (C->macro_count() < old_macro_count), "elimination reduces macro count");
-      progress = progress || success;
-      if (success) {
-        C->print_method(PHASE_AFTER_MACRO_ELIMINATION_STEP, 5, n);
+      // Re-marking may break consistency of Coarsened locks.
+      if (!C->coarsened_locks_consistent()) {
+        return; // recompile without Coarsened locks if broken
+      } else {
+        // After coarsened locks are eliminated locking regions
+        // become unbalanced. We should not execute any more
+        // locks elimination optimizations on them.
+        C->mark_unbalanced_boxes();
       }
     }
-  }
-  // Next, attempt to eliminate allocations
-  progress = true;
-  while (progress) {
-    progress = false;
+
+    bool progress = false;
     for (int i = C->macro_count(); i > 0; i = MIN2(i - 1, C->macro_count())) { // more than 1 element can be eliminated at once
       Node* n = C->macro_node(i - 1);
       bool success = false;
@@ -2578,12 +3254,23 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::eliminate_macro_nodes() {
         }
 #endif
         break;
-      case Node::Class_CallStaticJava:
-        success = eliminate_boxing_node(n->as_CallStaticJava());
+      case Node::Class_CallStaticJava: {
+        CallStaticJavaNode* call = n->as_CallStaticJava();
+        if (!call->method()->is_method_handle_intrinsic()) {
+          success = eliminate_boxing_node(n->as_CallStaticJava());
+        }
         break;
+      }
       case Node::Class_Lock:
       case Node::Class_Unlock:
-        assert(!n->as_AbstractLock()->is_eliminated(), "sanity");
+        if (eliminate_locks) {
+          success = eliminate_locking_node(n->as_AbstractLock());
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+          if (success && PrintOptoStatistics) {
+            AtomicAccess::inc(&PhaseMacroExpand::_monitor_objects_removed_counter);
+          }
+#endif
+        }
         break;
       case Node::Class_ArrayCopy:
         break;
@@ -2593,6 +3280,8 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::eliminate_macro_nodes() {
         break;
       case Node::Class_Opaque1:
         break;
+      case Node::Class_FlatArrayCheck:
+        break;
       default:
         assert(n->Opcode() == Op_LoopLimit ||
                n->Opcode() == Op_ModD ||
@@ -2611,6 +3300,22 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::eliminate_macro_nodes() {
         C->print_method(PHASE_AFTER_MACRO_ELIMINATION_STEP, 5, n);
       }
     }
+
+    // Ensure the graph after PhaseMacroExpand::eliminate_macro_nodes is canonical (no igvn
+    // transformation is pending). If an allocation is used only in safepoints, elimination of
+    // other macro nodes can remove all these safepoints, allowing the allocation to be removed.
+    // Hence after igvn we retry removing macro nodes if some progress that has been made in this
+    // iteration.
+    _igvn.set_delay_transform(false);
+    _igvn.optimize();
+    if (C->failing()) {
+      return;
+    }
+    _igvn.set_delay_transform(true);
+
+    if (!progress) {
+      break;
+    }
   }
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   if (PrintOptoStatistics) {
@@ -2639,10 +3344,13 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::eliminate_opaque_looplimit_macro_nodes() {
         _igvn._worklist.push(n);
         success = true;
       } else if (n->Opcode() == Op_CallStaticJava) {
-        // Remove it from macro list and put on IGVN worklist to optimize.
-        C->remove_macro_node(n);
-        _igvn._worklist.push(n);
-        success = true;
+        CallStaticJavaNode* call = n->as_CallStaticJava();
+        if (!call->method()->is_method_handle_intrinsic()) {
+          // Remove it from macro list and put on IGVN worklist to optimize.
+          C->remove_macro_node(n);
+          _igvn._worklist.push(n);
+          success = true;
+        }
       } else if (n->is_Opaque1()) {
         _igvn.replace_node(n, n->in(1));
         success = true;
@@ -2751,6 +3459,13 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::expand_macro_nodes() {
     case Node::Class_SubTypeCheck:
       expand_subtypecheck_node(n->as_SubTypeCheck());
       break;
+    case Node::Class_CallStaticJava:
+      expand_mh_intrinsic_return(n->as_CallStaticJava());
+      C->remove_macro_node(n);
+      break;
+    case Node::Class_FlatArrayCheck:
+      expand_flatarraycheck_node(n->as_FlatArrayCheck());
+      break;
     default:
       switch (n->Opcode()) {
       case Op_ModD:
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.hpp
index 4d35cb40028..dc59906623c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.hpp
@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@
 #ifndef SHARE_OPTO_MACRO_HPP
 #define SHARE_OPTO_MACRO_HPP
 
+#include "ci/ciInstanceKlass.hpp"
+#include "opto/callnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/node.hpp"
 #include "opto/phase.hpp"
 
 class  AllocateNode;
@@ -94,24 +97,31 @@ class PhaseMacroExpand : public Phase {
 
 private:
   // projections extracted from a call node
-  CallProjections _callprojs;
+  CallProjections* _callprojs;
 
   void expand_allocate(AllocateNode *alloc);
   void expand_allocate_array(AllocateArrayNode *alloc);
   void expand_allocate_common(AllocateNode* alloc,
                               Node* length,
+                              Node* init_val,
                               const TypeFunc* slow_call_type,
                               address slow_call_address,
                               Node* valid_length_test);
   void yank_alloc_node(AllocateNode* alloc);
+
+  void process_field_value_at_safepoint(const Type* field_type, Node* field_val, SafePointNode* sfpt, Unique_Node_List* value_worklist);
+  bool add_array_elems_to_safepoint(AllocateNode* alloc, const TypeAryPtr* array_type, SafePointNode* sfpt, Unique_Node_List* value_worklist);
+  bool add_inst_fields_to_safepoint(ciInstanceKlass* iklass, AllocateNode* alloc, Node* base, int offset_minus_header, SafePointNode* sfpt, Unique_Node_List* value_worklist);
+  Node* value_from_alloc(BasicType ft, const TypeOopPtr* adr_t, AllocateNode* alloc);
   Node* value_from_mem(Node* start, Node* ctl, BasicType ft, const Type* ftype, const TypeOopPtr* adr_t, AllocateNode* alloc);
-  Node *value_from_mem_phi(Node *mem, BasicType ft, const Type *ftype, const TypeOopPtr *adr_t, AllocateNode *alloc, Node_Stack *value_phis, int level);
+  Node* value_from_mem_phi(Node* mem, BasicType ft, const Type* ftype, const TypeOopPtr* adr_t, AllocateNode* alloc, Node_Stack* value_phis, int level);
+  Node* inline_type_from_mem(ciInlineKlass* vk, const TypeAryPtr* elem_adr_type, int elem_idx, int offset_in_element, bool null_free, AllocateNode* alloc, SafePointNode* sfpt);
 
-  bool eliminate_boxing_node(CallStaticJavaNode *boxing);
+  bool eliminate_boxing_node(CallStaticJavaNode* call);
   bool eliminate_allocate_node(AllocateNode *alloc);
   void undo_previous_scalarizations(Unique_Node_List& safepoints_done, AllocateNode* alloc);
   bool scalar_replacement(AllocateNode* alloc, Unique_Node_List& safepoints);
-  void process_users_of_allocation(CallNode *alloc);
+  void process_users_of_allocation(CallNode *alloc, bool inline_alloc = false);
 
   void eliminate_gc_barrier(Node *p2x);
   void mark_eliminated_box(Node* box, Node* obj);
@@ -119,6 +129,7 @@ class PhaseMacroExpand : public Phase {
   bool eliminate_locking_node(AbstractLockNode *alock);
   void expand_lock_node(LockNode *lock);
   void expand_unlock_node(UnlockNode *unlock);
+  void expand_mh_intrinsic_return(CallStaticJavaNode* call);
 
   // More helper methods modeled after GraphKit for array copy
   void insert_mem_bar(Node** ctrl, Node** mem, int opcode, int alias_idx, Node* precedent = nullptr);
@@ -128,6 +139,7 @@ class PhaseMacroExpand : public Phase {
   // helper methods modeled after LibraryCallKit for array copy
   Node* generate_guard(Node** ctrl, Node* test, RegionNode* region, float true_prob);
   Node* generate_slow_guard(Node** ctrl, Node* test, RegionNode* region);
+  Node* generate_fair_guard(Node** ctrl, Node* test, RegionNode* region);
 
   void generate_partial_inlining_block(Node** ctrl, MergeMemNode** mem, const TypePtr* adr_type,
                                        RegionNode** exit_block, Node** result_memory, Node* length,
@@ -138,6 +150,10 @@ class PhaseMacroExpand : public Phase {
 
   // More helper methods for array copy
   Node* generate_nonpositive_guard(Node** ctrl, Node* index, bool never_negative);
+  Node* mark_word_test(Node** ctrl, Node* obj, MergeMemNode* mem, uintptr_t mask_val, RegionNode* region);
+  Node* generate_flat_array_guard(Node** ctrl, Node* array, MergeMemNode* mem, RegionNode* region);
+  Node* generate_null_free_array_guard(Node** ctrl, Node* array, MergeMemNode* mem, RegionNode* region);
+
   void finish_arraycopy_call(Node* call, Node** ctrl, MergeMemNode** mem, const TypePtr* adr_type);
   Node* generate_arraycopy(ArrayCopyNode *ac,
                            AllocateArrayNode* alloc,
@@ -147,22 +163,28 @@ class PhaseMacroExpand : public Phase {
                            Node* src,  Node* src_offset,
                            Node* dest, Node* dest_offset,
                            Node* copy_length,
+                           Node* dest_length,
+                           bool raw_base,
                            bool disjoint_bases = false,
                            bool length_never_negative = false,
                            RegionNode* slow_region = nullptr);
   void generate_clear_array(Node* ctrl, MergeMemNode* merge_mem,
                             const TypePtr* adr_type,
                             Node* dest,
+                            Node* val,
+                            Node* raw_val,
                             BasicType basic_elem_type,
                             Node* slice_idx,
                             Node* slice_len,
-                            Node* dest_size);
+                            Node* dest_size,
+                            bool raw_base);
   bool generate_block_arraycopy(Node** ctrl, MergeMemNode** mem,
                                 const TypePtr* adr_type,
                                 BasicType basic_elem_type,
                                 Node* src, Node* src_offset,
                                 Node* dest, Node* dest_offset,
-                                Node* dest_size, bool dest_uninitialized);
+                                Node* dest_size, bool dest_uninitialized,
+                                bool raw_base);
   MergeMemNode* generate_slow_arraycopy(ArrayCopyNode *ac,
                                         Node** ctrl, Node* mem, Node** io,
                                         const TypePtr* adr_type,
@@ -174,7 +196,8 @@ class PhaseMacroExpand : public Phase {
                                      Node* dest_elem_klass,
                                      Node* src,  Node* src_offset,
                                      Node* dest, Node* dest_offset,
-                                     Node* copy_length, bool dest_uninitialized);
+                                     Node* copy_length, bool dest_uninitialized,
+                                     bool raw_base);
   Node* generate_generic_arraycopy(Node** ctrl, MergeMemNode** mem,
                                    const TypePtr* adr_type,
                                    Node* src,  Node* src_offset,
@@ -186,12 +209,17 @@ class PhaseMacroExpand : public Phase {
                                     bool disjoint_bases,
                                     Node* src,  Node* src_offset,
                                     Node* dest, Node* dest_offset,
-                                    Node* copy_length, bool dest_uninitialized);
-
+                                    Node* copy_length, bool dest_uninitialized,
+                                    bool raw_base);
+  const TypePtr* adjust_for_flat_array(const TypeAryPtr* top_dest, Node*& src_offset,
+                                       Node*& dest_offset, Node*& length, BasicType& dest_elem,
+                                       Node*& dest_length);
   void expand_arraycopy_node(ArrayCopyNode *ac);
 
   void expand_subtypecheck_node(SubTypeCheckNode *check);
 
+  void expand_flatarraycheck_node(FlatArrayCheckNode* check);
+
   int replace_input(Node *use, Node *oldref, Node *newref);
   void migrate_outs(Node *old, Node *target);
   Node* opt_bits_test(Node* ctrl, Node* region, int edge, Node* word);
@@ -213,11 +241,11 @@ class PhaseMacroExpand : public Phase {
   }
 
   void refine_strip_mined_loop_macro_nodes();
-  void eliminate_macro_nodes();
+  void eliminate_macro_nodes(bool eliminate_locks = true);
   bool expand_macro_nodes();
   void eliminate_opaque_looplimit_macro_nodes();
 
-  SafePointScalarObjectNode* create_scalarized_object_description(AllocateNode *alloc, SafePointNode* sfpt);
+  SafePointScalarObjectNode* create_scalarized_object_description(AllocateNode *alloc, SafePointNode* sfpt, Unique_Node_List* value_worklist);
   static bool can_eliminate_allocation(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, AllocateNode* alloc, Unique_Node_List* safepoints);
 
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/macroArrayCopy.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/macroArrayCopy.cpp
index 139775506db..0bfc1fc6569 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/macroArrayCopy.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/macroArrayCopy.cpp
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "ci/ciFlatArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/tlab_globals.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
@@ -57,6 +58,11 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::insert_mem_bar(Node** ctrl, Node** mem, int opcode, int a
 
 Node* PhaseMacroExpand::array_element_address(Node* ary, Node* idx, BasicType elembt, bool raw_base) {
   uint shift  = exact_log2(type2aelembytes(elembt));
+  const TypeAryPtr* array_type = _igvn.type(ary)->isa_aryptr();
+  if (array_type != nullptr && array_type->is_aryptr()->is_flat()) {
+    // Use T_FLAT_ELEMENT to get proper alignment with COH when fetching the array element address.
+    elembt = T_FLAT_ELEMENT;
+  }
   uint header = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(elembt);
   Node* base =  basic_plus_adr(ary, header, raw_base);
 #ifdef _LP64
@@ -145,10 +151,14 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_guard(Node** ctrl, Node* test, RegionNode* regi
   return if_slow;
 }
 
-inline Node* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_slow_guard(Node** ctrl, Node* test, RegionNode* region) {
+Node* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_slow_guard(Node** ctrl, Node* test, RegionNode* region) {
   return generate_guard(ctrl, test, region, PROB_UNLIKELY_MAG(3));
 }
 
+inline Node* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_fair_guard(Node** ctrl, Node* test, RegionNode* region) {
+  return generate_guard(ctrl, test, region, PROB_FAIR);
+}
+
 void PhaseMacroExpand::generate_negative_guard(Node** ctrl, Node* index, RegionNode* region) {
   if ((*ctrl)->is_top())
     return;                // already stopped
@@ -282,6 +292,49 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_nonpositive_guard(Node** ctrl, Node* index, boo
   return is_notp;
 }
 
+Node* PhaseMacroExpand::mark_word_test(Node** ctrl, Node* obj, MergeMemNode* mem, uintptr_t mask_val, RegionNode* region) {
+  // Load markword and check if obj is locked
+  Node* mark = make_load_raw(nullptr, mem->memory_at(Compile::AliasIdxRaw), obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), TypeX_X, TypeX_X->basic_type());
+  Node* locked_bit = MakeConX(markWord::unlocked_value);
+  locked_bit = transform_later(new AndXNode(locked_bit, mark));
+  Node* cmp = transform_later(new CmpXNode(locked_bit, MakeConX(0)));
+  Node* is_unlocked = transform_later(new BoolNode(cmp, BoolTest::ne));
+  IfNode* iff = transform_later(new IfNode(*ctrl, is_unlocked, PROB_MAX, COUNT_UNKNOWN))->as_If();
+  Node* locked_region = transform_later(new RegionNode(3));
+  Node* mark_phi = transform_later(new PhiNode(locked_region, TypeX_X));
+
+  // Unlocked: Use bits from mark word
+  locked_region->init_req(1, transform_later(new IfTrueNode(iff)));
+  mark_phi->init_req(1, mark);
+
+  // Locked: Load prototype header from klass
+  *ctrl = transform_later(new IfFalseNode(iff));
+  // Make loads control dependent to make sure they are only executed if array is locked
+  Node* klass_adr = basic_plus_adr(obj, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes());
+  Node* klass = transform_later(LoadKlassNode::make(_igvn, C->immutable_memory(), klass_adr, TypeInstPtr::KLASS, TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT));
+  Node* proto_adr = basic_plus_adr(top(), klass, in_bytes(Klass::prototype_header_offset()));
+  Node* proto = transform_later(LoadNode::make(_igvn, *ctrl, C->immutable_memory(), proto_adr, proto_adr->bottom_type()->is_ptr(), TypeX_X, TypeX_X->basic_type(), MemNode::unordered));
+
+  locked_region->init_req(2, *ctrl);
+  mark_phi->init_req(2, proto);
+  *ctrl = locked_region;
+
+  // Now check if mark word bits are set
+  Node* mask = MakeConX(mask_val);
+  Node* masked = transform_later(new AndXNode(mark_phi, mask));
+  cmp = transform_later(new CmpXNode(masked, mask));
+  Node* bol = transform_later(new BoolNode(cmp, BoolTest::eq));
+  return generate_fair_guard(ctrl, bol, region);
+}
+
+Node* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_flat_array_guard(Node** ctrl, Node* array, MergeMemNode* mem, RegionNode* region) {
+  return mark_word_test(ctrl, array, mem, markWord::flat_array_bit_in_place, region);
+}
+
+Node* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_null_free_array_guard(Node** ctrl, Node* array, MergeMemNode* mem, RegionNode* region) {
+  return mark_word_test(ctrl, array, mem, markWord::null_free_array_bit_in_place, region);
+}
+
 void PhaseMacroExpand::finish_arraycopy_call(Node* call, Node** ctrl, MergeMemNode** mem, const TypePtr* adr_type) {
   transform_later(call);
 
@@ -376,6 +429,8 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_arraycopy(ArrayCopyNode *ac, AllocateArrayNode*
                                            Node* src,  Node* src_offset,
                                            Node* dest, Node* dest_offset,
                                            Node* copy_length,
+                                           Node* dest_length,
+                                           bool raw_base,
                                            bool disjoint_bases,
                                            bool length_never_negative,
                                            RegionNode* slow_region) {
@@ -387,6 +442,8 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_arraycopy(ArrayCopyNode *ac, AllocateArrayNode*
 
   bool  dest_needs_zeroing   = false;
   bool  acopy_to_uninitialized = false;
+  Node* init_value = nullptr;
+  Node* raw_init_value = nullptr;
 
   // See if this is the initialization of a newly-allocated array.
   // If so, we will take responsibility here for initializing it to zero.
@@ -412,12 +469,15 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_arraycopy(ArrayCopyNode *ac, AllocateArrayNode*
       assert(dest->is_CheckCastPP(), "sanity");
       assert(dest->in(0)->in(0) == init, "dest pinned");
       adr_type = TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM;  // all initializations are into raw memory
+      raw_base = true;
       dest = dest->in(1); // writing to raw memory requires a raw base
       // From this point on, every exit path is responsible for
       // initializing any non-copied parts of the object to zero.
       // Also, if this flag is set we make sure that arraycopy interacts properly
       // with G1, eliding pre-barriers. See CR 6627983.
       dest_needs_zeroing = true;
+      init_value = alloc->in(AllocateNode::InitValue);
+      raw_init_value = alloc->in(AllocateNode::RawInitValue);
     } else {
       // dest_need_zeroing = false;
     }
@@ -486,16 +546,17 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_arraycopy(ArrayCopyNode *ac, AllocateArrayNode*
     // copy_length is 0.
     if (dest_needs_zeroing) {
       assert(!local_ctrl->is_top(), "no ctrl?");
-      Node* dest_length = alloc->in(AllocateNode::ALength);
       if (copy_length->eqv_uncast(dest_length)
           || _igvn.find_int_con(dest_length, 1) <= 0) {
         // There is no zeroing to do. No need for a secondary raw memory barrier.
       } else {
         // Clear the whole thing since there are no source elements to copy.
         generate_clear_array(local_ctrl, local_mem,
-                             adr_type, dest, basic_elem_type,
+                             adr_type, dest,
+                             init_value, raw_init_value,
+                             basic_elem_type,
                              intcon(0), nullptr,
-                             alloc->in(AllocateNode::AllocSize));
+                             alloc->in(AllocateNode::AllocSize), raw_base);
         // Use a secondary InitializeNode as raw memory barrier.
         // Currently it is needed only on this path since other
         // paths have stub or runtime calls as raw memory barriers.
@@ -524,15 +585,16 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_arraycopy(ArrayCopyNode *ac, AllocateArrayNode*
     // The copy destination is the slice dest[off..off+len].  The other slices
     // are dest_head = dest[0..off] and dest_tail = dest[off+len..dest.length].
     Node* dest_size   = alloc->in(AllocateNode::AllocSize);
-    Node* dest_length = alloc->in(AllocateNode::ALength);
     Node* dest_tail   = transform_later( new AddINode(dest_offset, copy_length));
 
     // If there is a head section that needs zeroing, do it now.
     if (_igvn.find_int_con(dest_offset, -1) != 0) {
       generate_clear_array(*ctrl, mem,
-                           adr_type, dest, basic_elem_type,
+                           adr_type, dest,
+                           init_value, raw_init_value,
+                           basic_elem_type,
                            intcon(0), dest_offset,
-                           nullptr);
+                           nullptr, raw_base);
     }
 
     // Next, perform a dynamic check on the tail length.
@@ -559,7 +621,7 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_arraycopy(ArrayCopyNode *ac, AllocateArrayNode*
 
         didit = generate_block_arraycopy(&local_ctrl, &local_mem, adr_type,
                                          basic_elem_type, src, src_offset,
-                                         dest, dest_offset, dest_size, acopy_to_uninitialized);
+                                         dest, dest_offset, dest_size, acopy_to_uninitialized, raw_base);
         if (didit) {
           // Present the results of the block-copying fast call.
           result_region->init_req(bcopy_path, local_ctrl);
@@ -578,9 +640,11 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_arraycopy(ArrayCopyNode *ac, AllocateArrayNode*
       *ctrl = tail_ctl;
       if (notail_ctl == nullptr) {
         generate_clear_array(*ctrl, mem,
-                             adr_type, dest, basic_elem_type,
+                             adr_type, dest,
+                             init_value, raw_init_value,
+                             basic_elem_type,
                              dest_tail, nullptr,
-                             dest_size);
+                             dest_size, raw_base);
       } else {
         // Make a local merge.
         Node* done_ctl = transform_later(new RegionNode(3));
@@ -588,9 +652,11 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_arraycopy(ArrayCopyNode *ac, AllocateArrayNode*
         done_ctl->init_req(1, notail_ctl);
         done_mem->init_req(1, mem->memory_at(alias_idx));
         generate_clear_array(*ctrl, mem,
-                             adr_type, dest, basic_elem_type,
+                             adr_type, dest,
+                             init_value, raw_init_value,
+                             basic_elem_type,
                              dest_tail, nullptr,
-                             dest_size);
+                             dest_size, raw_base);
         done_ctl->init_req(2, *ctrl);
         done_mem->init_req(2, mem->memory_at(alias_idx));
         *ctrl = done_ctl;
@@ -647,7 +713,7 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_arraycopy(ArrayCopyNode *ac, AllocateArrayNode*
                                                 adr_type,
                                                 dest_elem_klass,
                                                 src, src_offset, dest, dest_offset,
-                                                ConvI2X(copy_length), acopy_to_uninitialized);
+                                                ConvI2X(copy_length), acopy_to_uninitialized, raw_base);
         if (cv == nullptr)  cv = intcon(-1);  // failure (no stub available)
         checked_control = local_ctrl;
         checked_i_o     = *io;
@@ -674,7 +740,8 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_arraycopy(ArrayCopyNode *ac, AllocateArrayNode*
     generate_unchecked_arraycopy(&local_ctrl, &local_mem,
                                  adr_type, copy_type, disjoint_bases,
                                  src, src_offset, dest, dest_offset,
-                                 ConvI2X(copy_length), acopy_to_uninitialized);
+                                 ConvI2X(copy_length), acopy_to_uninitialized,
+                                 raw_base);
 
     // Present the results of the fast call.
     result_region->init_req(fast_path, local_ctrl);
@@ -765,9 +832,12 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_arraycopy(ArrayCopyNode *ac, AllocateArrayNode*
 
     if (dest_needs_zeroing) {
       generate_clear_array(local_ctrl, local_mem,
-                           adr_type, dest, basic_elem_type,
+                           adr_type, dest,
+                           init_value, raw_init_value,
+                           basic_elem_type,
                            intcon(0), nullptr,
-                           alloc->in(AllocateNode::AllocSize));
+                           alloc->in(AllocateNode::AllocSize),
+                           raw_base);
     }
 
     local_mem = generate_slow_arraycopy(ac,
@@ -808,7 +878,7 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_arraycopy(ArrayCopyNode *ac, AllocateArrayNode*
   // But with low number of register or when some registers are used or killed
   // by arraycopy calls it causes registers spilling on stack. See 6544710.
   // The next memory barrier is added to avoid it. If the arraycopy can be
-  // optimized away (which it can, sometimes) then we can manually remove
+  // optimized away (which it can, sometimes) then we can manually remove  // Do not let reads from the cloned object float above the arrayco
   // the membar also.
   //
   // Do not let reads from the cloned object float above the arraycopy.
@@ -834,11 +904,11 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_arraycopy(ArrayCopyNode *ac, AllocateArrayNode*
   assert((*ctrl)->in(0)->isa_MemBar(), "MemBar node");
   (*ctrl)->in(0)->isa_MemBar()->set_trailing_expanded_array_copy();
 
-  _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs.fallthrough_memproj, out_mem);
-  if (_callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj != nullptr) {
-    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj, *io);
+  _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs->fallthrough_memproj, out_mem);
+  if (_callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj != nullptr) {
+    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj, *io);
   }
-  _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs.fallthrough_catchproj, *ctrl);
+  _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs->fallthrough_catchproj, *ctrl);
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
   const TypeOopPtr* dest_t = _igvn.type(orig_dest)->is_oopptr();
@@ -878,10 +948,13 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_arraycopy(ArrayCopyNode *ac, AllocateArrayNode*
 void PhaseMacroExpand::generate_clear_array(Node* ctrl, MergeMemNode* merge_mem,
                                             const TypePtr* adr_type,
                                             Node* dest,
+                                            Node* val,
+                                            Node* raw_val,
                                             BasicType basic_elem_type,
                                             Node* slice_idx,
                                             Node* slice_len,
-                                            Node* dest_size) {
+                                            Node* dest_size,
+                                            const bool raw_base) {
   // one or the other but not both of slice_len and dest_size:
   assert((slice_len != nullptr? 1: 0) + (dest_size != nullptr? 1: 0) == 1, "");
   if (slice_len == nullptr)  slice_len = top();
@@ -916,13 +989,13 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::generate_clear_array(Node* ctrl, MergeMemNode* merge_mem,
 
   if (start_con >= 0 && end_con >= 0) {
     // Constant start and end.  Simple.
-    mem = ClearArrayNode::clear_memory(ctrl, mem, dest,
-                                       start_con, end_con, adr_type == TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM, &_igvn);
+    mem = ClearArrayNode::clear_memory(ctrl, mem, dest, val, raw_val,
+                                       start_con, end_con, raw_base, &_igvn);
   } else if (start_con >= 0 && dest_size != top()) {
     // Constant start, pre-rounded end after the tail of the array.
     Node* end = dest_size;
-    mem = ClearArrayNode::clear_memory(ctrl, mem, dest,
-                                       start_con, end, adr_type == TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM, &_igvn);
+    mem = ClearArrayNode::clear_memory(ctrl, mem, dest, val, raw_val,
+                                       start_con, end, raw_base, &_igvn);
   } else if (start_con >= 0 && slice_len != top()) {
     // Constant start, non-constant end.  End needs rounding up.
     // End offset = round_up(abase + ((slice_idx_con + slice_len) << scale), 8)
@@ -934,8 +1007,8 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::generate_clear_array(Node* ctrl, MergeMemNode* merge_mem,
     end_base += end_round;
     end = transform_later(new AddXNode(end, MakeConX(end_base)) );
     end = transform_later(new AndXNode(end, MakeConX(~end_round)) );
-    mem = ClearArrayNode::clear_memory(ctrl, mem, dest,
-                                       start_con, end, adr_type == TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM, &_igvn);
+    mem = ClearArrayNode::clear_memory(ctrl, mem, dest, val, raw_val,
+                                       start_con, end, raw_base, &_igvn);
   } else if (start_con < 0 && dest_size != top()) {
     // Non-constant start, pre-rounded end after the tail of the array.
     // This is almost certainly a "round-to-end" operation.
@@ -962,14 +1035,20 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::generate_clear_array(Node* ctrl, MergeMemNode* merge_mem,
       if (bump_bit != 0) {
         // Store a zero to the immediately preceding jint:
         Node* x1 = transform_later(new AddXNode(start, MakeConX(-bump_bit)) );
-        Node* p1 = basic_plus_adr(dest, x1, adr_type == TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM);
-        mem = StoreNode::make(_igvn, ctrl, mem, p1, adr_type, intcon(0), T_INT, MemNode::unordered);
+        Node* p1 = basic_plus_adr(dest, x1, raw_base);
+        if (val == nullptr) {
+          assert(raw_val == nullptr, "val may not be null");
+          mem = StoreNode::make(_igvn, ctrl, mem, p1, adr_type, intcon(0), T_INT, MemNode::unordered);
+        } else {
+          assert(_igvn.type(val)->isa_narrowoop(), "should be narrow oop");
+          mem = new StoreNNode(ctrl, mem, p1, adr_type, val, MemNode::unordered);
+        }
         mem = transform_later(mem);
       }
     }
     Node* end = dest_size; // pre-rounded
-    mem = ClearArrayNode::clear_memory(ctrl, mem, dest,
-                                       start, end, adr_type == TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM, &_igvn);
+    mem = ClearArrayNode::clear_memory(ctrl, mem, dest, raw_val,
+                                       start, end, raw_base, &_igvn);
   } else {
     // Non-constant start, unrounded non-constant end.
     // (Nobody zeroes a random midsection of an array using this routine.)
@@ -985,7 +1064,8 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::generate_block_arraycopy(Node** ctrl, MergeMemNode** mem,
                                                 BasicType basic_elem_type,
                                                 Node* src, Node* src_offset,
                                                 Node* dest, Node* dest_offset,
-                                                Node* dest_size, bool dest_uninitialized) {
+                                                Node* dest_size, bool dest_uninitialized,
+                                                const bool raw_base) {
   // See if there is an advantage from block transfer.
   int scale = exact_log2(type2aelembytes(basic_elem_type));
   if (scale >= LogBytesPerLong)
@@ -1011,7 +1091,7 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::generate_block_arraycopy(Node** ctrl, MergeMemNode** mem,
     if (((src_off | dest_off) & (BytesPerLong-1)) == BytesPerInt &&
         ((src_off ^ dest_off) & (BytesPerLong-1)) == 0) {
       Node* sptr = basic_plus_adr(src,  src_off);
-      Node* dptr = basic_plus_adr(dest, dest_off, adr_type == TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM);
+      Node* dptr = basic_plus_adr(dest, dest_off, raw_base);
       const TypePtr* s_adr_type = _igvn.type(sptr)->is_ptr();
       assert(s_adr_type->isa_aryptr(), "impossible slice");
       uint s_alias_idx = C->get_alias_index(s_adr_type);
@@ -1039,7 +1119,7 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::generate_block_arraycopy(Node** ctrl, MergeMemNode** mem,
 
   // Do this copy by giant steps.
   Node* sptr  = basic_plus_adr(src,  src_off);
-  Node* dptr  = basic_plus_adr(dest, dest_off, adr_type == TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM);
+  Node* dptr  = basic_plus_adr(dest, dest_off, raw_base);
   Node* countx = dest_size;
   countx = transform_later(new SubXNode(countx, MakeConX(dest_off)));
   countx = transform_later(new URShiftXNode(countx, intcon(LogBytesPerLong)));
@@ -1047,7 +1127,7 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::generate_block_arraycopy(Node** ctrl, MergeMemNode** mem,
   bool disjoint_bases = true;   // since alloc isn't null
   generate_unchecked_arraycopy(ctrl, mem,
                                adr_type, T_LONG, disjoint_bases,
-                               sptr, nullptr, dptr, nullptr, countx, dest_uninitialized);
+                               sptr, nullptr, dptr, nullptr, countx, dest_uninitialized, raw_base);
 
   return true;
 }
@@ -1083,11 +1163,11 @@ MergeMemNode* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_slow_arraycopy(ArrayCopyNode *ac,
   _igvn.replace_node(ac, call);
   transform_later(call);
 
-  call->extract_projections(&_callprojs, false /*separate_io_proj*/, false /*do_asserts*/);
-  *ctrl = _callprojs.fallthrough_catchproj->clone();
+  _callprojs = call->extract_projections(false /*separate_io_proj*/, false /*do_asserts*/);
+  *ctrl = _callprojs->fallthrough_catchproj->clone();
   transform_later(*ctrl);
 
-  Node* m = _callprojs.fallthrough_memproj->clone();
+  Node* m = _callprojs->fallthrough_memproj->clone();
   transform_later(m);
 
   uint alias_idx = C->get_alias_index(adr_type);
@@ -1101,9 +1181,9 @@ MergeMemNode* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_slow_arraycopy(ArrayCopyNode *ac,
   transform_later(out_mem);
 
   // When src is negative and arraycopy is before an infinite loop,_callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj
-  // could be null. Skip clone and update null fallthrough_ioproj.
-  if (_callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj != nullptr) {
-    *io = _callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj->clone();
+  // could be nullptr. Skip clone and update nullptr fallthrough_ioproj.
+  if (_callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj != nullptr) {
+    *io = _callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj->clone();
     transform_later(*io);
   } else {
     *io = nullptr;
@@ -1118,7 +1198,8 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_checkcast_arraycopy(Node** ctrl, MergeMemNode**
                                                      Node* dest_elem_klass,
                                                      Node* src,  Node* src_offset,
                                                      Node* dest, Node* dest_offset,
-                                                     Node* copy_length, bool dest_uninitialized) {
+                                                     Node* copy_length, bool dest_uninitialized,
+                                                     const bool raw_base) {
   if ((*ctrl)->is_top())  return nullptr;
 
   address copyfunc_addr = StubRoutines::checkcast_arraycopy(dest_uninitialized);
@@ -1137,7 +1218,7 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::generate_checkcast_arraycopy(Node** ctrl, MergeMemNode**
   Node* check_value  = dest_elem_klass;
 
   Node* src_start  = array_element_address(src,  src_offset,  T_OBJECT, false);
-  Node* dest_start = array_element_address(dest, dest_offset, T_OBJECT, adr_type == TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM);
+  Node* dest_start = array_element_address(dest, dest_offset, T_OBJECT, raw_base);
 
   const TypeFunc* call_type = OptoRuntime::checkcast_arraycopy_Type();
   Node* call = make_leaf_call(*ctrl, *mem, call_type, copyfunc_addr, "checkcast_arraycopy", adr_type,
@@ -1184,7 +1265,8 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::generate_unchecked_arraycopy(Node** ctrl, MergeMemNode**
                                                     bool disjoint_bases,
                                                     Node* src,  Node* src_offset,
                                                     Node* dest, Node* dest_offset,
-                                                    Node* copy_length, bool dest_uninitialized) {
+                                                    Node* copy_length, bool dest_uninitialized,
+                                                    const bool raw_base) {
   if ((*ctrl)->is_top()) {
     return;
   }
@@ -1193,7 +1275,7 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::generate_unchecked_arraycopy(Node** ctrl, MergeMemNode**
   Node* dest_start = dest;
   if (src_offset != nullptr || dest_offset != nullptr) {
     src_start =  array_element_address(src, src_offset, basic_elem_type, false);
-    dest_start = array_element_address(dest, dest_offset, basic_elem_type, adr_type == TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM);
+    dest_start = array_element_address(dest, dest_offset, basic_elem_type, raw_base);
   }
 
   // Figure out which arraycopy runtime method to call.
@@ -1235,6 +1317,46 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::generate_unchecked_arraycopy(Node** ctrl, MergeMemNode**
   }
 }
 
+const TypePtr* PhaseMacroExpand::adjust_for_flat_array(const TypeAryPtr* top_dest, Node*& src_offset,
+                                                       Node*& dest_offset, Node*& length, BasicType& dest_elem,
+                                                       Node*& dest_length) {
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  assert(top_dest->elem()->make_ptr()->is_instptr()->is_inlinetypeptr(), "must be concrete value klass");
+  BarrierSetC2* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2();
+  bool needs_barriers = top_dest->elem()->inline_klass()->contains_oops() &&
+    bs->array_copy_requires_gc_barriers(dest_length != nullptr, T_OBJECT, false, false, BarrierSetC2::Optimization);
+  assert(!needs_barriers || StressReflectiveCode, "Flat arraycopy would require GC barriers");
+#endif
+  int elem_size = top_dest->flat_elem_size();
+  if (elem_size >= 8) {
+    if (elem_size > 8) {
+      // treat as array of long but scale length, src offset and dest offset
+      assert((elem_size % 8) == 0, "not a power of 2?");
+      int factor = elem_size / 8;
+      jint max_safe_scaled_index = max_jint / factor;
+      jint max_elements = top_dest->max_flat_elements();
+      guarantee(max_elements <= max_safe_scaled_index, "scaling must never overflow int range");
+      length = transform_later(new MulINode(length, intcon(factor)));
+      src_offset = transform_later(new MulINode(src_offset, intcon(factor)));
+      dest_offset = transform_later(new MulINode(dest_offset, intcon(factor)));
+      if (dest_length != nullptr) {
+        dest_length = transform_later(new MulINode(dest_length, intcon(factor)));
+      }
+      elem_size = 8;
+    }
+    dest_elem = T_LONG;
+  } else if (elem_size == 4) {
+    dest_elem = T_INT;
+  } else if (elem_size == 2) {
+    dest_elem = T_CHAR;
+  } else if (elem_size == 1) {
+    dest_elem = T_BYTE;
+  } else {
+    ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+  return TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM;
+}
+
 #undef XTOP
 
 void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_arraycopy_node(ArrayCopyNode *ac) {
@@ -1252,24 +1374,62 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_arraycopy_node(ArrayCopyNode *ac) {
     bs->clone_at_expansion(this, ac);
     return;
   } else if (ac->is_copyof() || ac->is_copyofrange() || ac->is_clone_oop_array()) {
-    Node* mem = ac->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
-    merge_mem = MergeMemNode::make(mem);
-    transform_later(merge_mem);
+    const Type* src_type = _igvn.type(src);
+    const Type* dest_type = _igvn.type(dest);
+    const TypeAryPtr* top_src = src_type->isa_aryptr();
+    // Note: The destination could have type Object (i.e. non-array) when directly invoking the protected method
+    //       Object::clone() with reflection on a declared Object that is an array at runtime. top_dest is then null.
+    const TypeAryPtr* top_dest = dest_type->isa_aryptr();
+    BasicType dest_elem = T_OBJECT;
+    if (top_dest != nullptr && top_dest->elem() != Type::BOTTOM) {
+      dest_elem = top_dest->elem()->array_element_basic_type();
+    }
+    if (is_reference_type(dest_elem, true)) dest_elem = T_OBJECT;
+
+    if (top_src != nullptr && top_src->is_flat()) {
+      // If src is flat, dest is guaranteed to be flat as well
+      top_dest = top_src;
+    }
 
     AllocateArrayNode* alloc = nullptr;
+    Node* dest_length = nullptr;
     if (ac->is_alloc_tightly_coupled()) {
       alloc = AllocateArrayNode::Ideal_array_allocation(dest);
       assert(alloc != nullptr, "expect alloc");
+      dest_length = alloc->in(AllocateNode::ALength);
     }
 
-    const TypePtr* adr_type = _igvn.type(dest)->is_oopptr()->add_offset(Type::OffsetBot);
-    if (ac->_dest_type != TypeOopPtr::BOTTOM) {
-      adr_type = ac->_dest_type->add_offset(Type::OffsetBot)->is_ptr();
+    Node* mem = ac->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
+    const TypePtr* adr_type = nullptr;
+    bool raw_base = false;
+    if (top_dest != nullptr && top_dest->is_flat()) {
+      assert(dest_length != nullptr || StressReflectiveCode, "must be tightly coupled");
+      // Copy to a flat array modifies multiple memory slices. Conservatively insert a barrier
+      // on all slices to prevent writes into the source from floating below the arraycopy.
+      int mem_bar_alias_idx = Compile::AliasIdxBot;
+      if (ac->_dest_type != TypeOopPtr::BOTTOM) {
+        mem_bar_alias_idx = C->get_alias_index(ac->_dest_type->add_offset(Type::OffsetBot)->is_ptr());
+      }
+      insert_mem_bar(&ctrl, &mem, Op_MemBarCPUOrder, mem_bar_alias_idx);
+      adr_type = adjust_for_flat_array(top_dest, src_offset, dest_offset, length, dest_elem, dest_length);
+    } else {
+      adr_type = dest_type->is_oopptr()->add_offset(Type::OffsetBot);
+      if (ac->_dest_type != TypeOopPtr::BOTTOM) {
+        adr_type = ac->_dest_type->add_offset(Type::OffsetBot)->is_ptr();
+      }
+      if (ac->_src_type != ac->_dest_type) {
+        adr_type = TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM;
+        raw_base = true;
+      }
     }
+    merge_mem = MergeMemNode::make(mem);
+    transform_later(merge_mem);
+
     generate_arraycopy(ac, alloc, &ctrl, merge_mem, &io,
-                       adr_type, T_OBJECT,
+                       adr_type, dest_elem,
                        src, src_offset, dest, dest_offset, length,
-                       true, ac->has_negative_length_guard());
+                       dest_length,
+                       raw_base, true, ac->has_negative_length_guard());
 
     return;
   }
@@ -1304,9 +1464,7 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_arraycopy_node(ArrayCopyNode *ac) {
   if (is_reference_type(src_elem, true)) src_elem = T_OBJECT;
   if (is_reference_type(dest_elem, true)) dest_elem = T_OBJECT;
 
-  if (ac->is_arraycopy_validated() &&
-      dest_elem != T_CONFLICT &&
-      src_elem == T_CONFLICT) {
+  if (ac->is_arraycopy_validated() && dest_elem != T_CONFLICT && src_elem == T_CONFLICT) {
     src_elem = dest_elem;
   }
 
@@ -1322,12 +1480,13 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_arraycopy_node(ArrayCopyNode *ac) {
     }
 
     // Call StubRoutines::generic_arraycopy stub.
-    Node* mem = generate_arraycopy(ac, nullptr, &ctrl, merge_mem, &io,
-                                   TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM, T_CONFLICT,
-                                   src, src_offset, dest, dest_offset, length,
-                                   // If a  negative length guard was generated for the ArrayCopyNode,
-                                   // the length of the array can never be negative.
-                                   false, ac->has_negative_length_guard());
+    generate_arraycopy(ac, nullptr, &ctrl, merge_mem, &io,
+                       TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM, T_CONFLICT,
+                       src, src_offset, dest, dest_offset, length,
+                       nullptr,
+                       // If a  negative length guard was generated for the ArrayCopyNode,
+                       // the length of the array can never be negative.
+                       true, false, ac->has_negative_length_guard());
     return;
   }
 
@@ -1335,19 +1494,42 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_arraycopy_node(ArrayCopyNode *ac) {
 
   // (2) src and dest arrays must have elements of the same BasicType
   // Figure out the size and type of the elements we will be copying.
-  if (src_elem != dest_elem || dest_elem == T_VOID) {
-    // The component types are not the same or are not recognized.  Punt.
-    // (But, avoid the native method wrapper to JVM_ArrayCopy.)
-    {
-      Node* mem = ac->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
-      merge_mem = generate_slow_arraycopy(ac, &ctrl, mem, &io, TypePtr::BOTTOM, src, src_offset, dest, dest_offset, length, false);
-    }
+  //
+  //
+  // Go to the slow path but avoid the native method wrapper to JVM_ArrayCopy when:
+  // 1) The component types are not the same or void.
+  // 2) src and dest do not have the same flatness.
+  // 3) src or dest is a flat abstract value class array (we don't know the exact layout and cannot use the stub).
+  // 4) src or dest is a flat value class array with oop fields and requires to emit barriers (we don't have such a stub).
+  // TODO 8251971: This does not handle atomicity. We should probably match on layouts which makes this code easier
+  //               and handles all cases.
+  BarrierSetC2* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2();
+  bool go_to_slow_path = false;
+  if (src_elem != dest_elem || top_src->is_flat() != top_dest->is_flat() || dest_elem == T_VOID) {
+    // 1) and 2)
+    go_to_slow_path = true;
+  } else if ((top_src->is_flat() && !top_src->elem()->is_inlinetypeptr()) ||
+             (top_dest->is_flat() && !top_dest->elem()->is_inlinetypeptr())) {
+    // 3)
+    go_to_slow_path = true;
+  } else if (top_dest->is_flat() &&
+             bs->array_copy_requires_gc_barriers(alloc != nullptr, T_OBJECT, false, false, BarrierSetC2::Optimization) &&
+             top_dest->elem()->inline_klass()->contains_oops()) {
+    // 4)
+    assert(top_src->is_flat() && top_src->elem()->inline_klass()->contains_oops(), "must match");
+    go_to_slow_path = true;
+  }
+
+  if (go_to_slow_path) {
+    // Avoid the native method wrapper to JVM_ArrayCopy.
+    Node* mem = ac->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
+    merge_mem = generate_slow_arraycopy(ac, &ctrl, mem, &io, TypePtr::BOTTOM, src, src_offset, dest, dest_offset, length, false);
 
-    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs.fallthrough_memproj, merge_mem);
-    if (_callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj != nullptr) {
-      _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs.fallthrough_ioproj, io);
+    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs->fallthrough_memproj, merge_mem);
+    if (_callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj != nullptr) {
+      _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs->fallthrough_ioproj, io);
     }
-    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs.fallthrough_catchproj, ctrl);
+    _igvn.replace_node(_callprojs->fallthrough_catchproj, ctrl);
     return;
   }
 
@@ -1364,14 +1546,23 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_arraycopy_node(ArrayCopyNode *ac) {
   // (8) dest_offset + length must not exceed length of dest.
   // (9) each element of an oop array must be assignable
 
-  {
-    Node* mem = ac->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
-    merge_mem = MergeMemNode::make(mem);
-    transform_later(merge_mem);
+  Node* mem = ac->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
+  if (top_dest->is_flat()) {
+    // Copy to a flat array modifies multiple memory slices. Conservatively insert a barrier
+    // on all slices to prevent writes into the source from floating below the arraycopy.
+    int mem_bar_alias_idx = Compile::AliasIdxBot;
+    if (ac->_dest_type != TypeOopPtr::BOTTOM) {
+      mem_bar_alias_idx = C->get_alias_index(ac->_dest_type->add_offset(Type::OffsetBot)->is_ptr());
+    }
+    insert_mem_bar(&ctrl, &mem, Op_MemBarCPUOrder, mem_bar_alias_idx);
   }
+  merge_mem = MergeMemNode::make(mem);
+  transform_later(merge_mem);
 
   RegionNode* slow_region = new RegionNode(1);
   transform_later(slow_region);
+  const bool same_nullness = top_src->is_null_free() == top_dest->is_null_free();
+  const bool flat_and_same_nullness = top_src->is_flat() && same_nullness;
 
   if (!ac->is_arraycopy_validated()) {
     // (3) operands must not be null
@@ -1409,10 +1600,24 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_arraycopy_node(ArrayCopyNode *ac) {
 
     // (9) each element of an oop array must be assignable
     // The generate_arraycopy subroutine checks this.
+
+    // TODO 8251971 This is too strong
+    // We need to be careful here because 'adjust_for_flat_array' will adjust offsets/length etc. which then does not work anymore for the slow call to SharedRuntime::slow_arraycopy_C.
+    assert(top_src->is_flat() == top_dest->is_flat(), "must have bailed out before");
+    if (!flat_and_same_nullness) {
+      generate_flat_array_guard(&ctrl, src, merge_mem, slow_region);
+      generate_flat_array_guard(&ctrl, dest, merge_mem, slow_region);
+      generate_null_free_array_guard(&ctrl, dest, merge_mem, slow_region);
+    }
   }
+
   // This is where the memory effects are placed:
   const TypePtr* adr_type = nullptr;
-  if (ac->_dest_type != TypeOopPtr::BOTTOM) {
+  Node* dest_length = (alloc != nullptr) ? alloc->in(AllocateNode::ALength) : nullptr;
+  assert(top_src->is_flat() == top_dest->is_flat(), "must have bailed out before");
+  if (flat_and_same_nullness) {
+    adr_type = adjust_for_flat_array(top_dest, src_offset, dest_offset, length, dest_elem, dest_length);
+  } else if (ac->_dest_type != TypeOopPtr::BOTTOM) {
     adr_type = ac->_dest_type->add_offset(Type::OffsetBot)->is_ptr();
   } else {
     adr_type = TypeAryPtr::get_array_body_type(dest_elem);
@@ -1421,7 +1626,9 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_arraycopy_node(ArrayCopyNode *ac) {
   generate_arraycopy(ac, alloc, &ctrl, merge_mem, &io,
                      adr_type, dest_elem,
                      src, src_offset, dest, dest_offset, length,
+                     dest_length,
                      // If a  negative length guard was generated for the ArrayCopyNode,
                      // the length of the array can never be negative.
-                     false, ac->has_negative_length_guard(), slow_region);
+                     false, false, ac->has_negative_length_guard(),
+                     slow_region);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/matcher.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/matcher.cpp
index 57fa2de05df..6c44c0beadd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/matcher.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/matcher.cpp
@@ -166,6 +166,51 @@ void Matcher::verify_new_nodes_only(Node* xroot) {
 }
 #endif
 
+// Array of RegMask, one per returned values (inline type instances can
+// be returned as multiple return values, one per field)
+RegMask* Matcher::return_values_mask(const TypeFunc* tf) {
+  const TypeTuple* range = tf->range_cc();
+  uint cnt = range->cnt() - TypeFunc::Parms;
+  if (cnt == 0) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  RegMask* mask = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(RegMask, cnt);
+  BasicType* sig_bt = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(BasicType, cnt);
+  VMRegPair* vm_parm_regs = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(VMRegPair, cnt);
+  for (uint i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
+    sig_bt[i] = range->field_at(i+TypeFunc::Parms)->basic_type();
+    new (mask + i) RegMask();
+  }
+
+  int regs = SharedRuntime::java_return_convention(sig_bt, vm_parm_regs, cnt);
+  if (regs <= 0) {
+    // We ran out of registers to store the null marker for a scalarized return.
+    // Put it into a fixed slot on the stack that we reserved for it in
+    // Compile::Compile. Code in 'call_epilog' will then initialize it.
+    assert(C->needs_nm_slot(), "Should have been set during parsing");
+    int current_slot = C->fixed_slots();
+    if (C->needs_stack_repair()) {
+      current_slot -= VMRegImpl::slots_per_word;
+    }
+    int nm_slot = current_slot - VMRegImpl::slots_per_word;
+    mask[--cnt].clear();
+    mask[cnt].insert(OptoReg::stack2reg(nm_slot));
+  }
+  for (uint i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
+    mask[i].clear();
+
+    OptoReg::Name reg1 = OptoReg::as_OptoReg(vm_parm_regs[i].first());
+    if (OptoReg::is_valid(reg1)) {
+      mask[i].insert(reg1);
+    }
+    OptoReg::Name reg2 = OptoReg::as_OptoReg(vm_parm_regs[i].second());
+    if (OptoReg::is_valid(reg2)) {
+      mask[i].insert(reg2);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return mask;
+}
 
 //---------------------------match---------------------------------------------
 void Matcher::match( ) {
@@ -186,21 +231,9 @@ void Matcher::match( ) {
   _return_addr_mask.insert(OptoReg::add(return_addr(), 1));
 #endif
 
-  // Map a Java-signature return type into return register-value
-  // machine registers for 0, 1 and 2 returned values.
-  const TypeTuple *range = C->tf()->range();
-  if( range->cnt() > TypeFunc::Parms ) { // If not a void function
-    // Get ideal-register return type
-    uint ireg = range->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms)->ideal_reg();
-    // Get machine return register
-    uint sop = C->start()->Opcode();
-    OptoRegPair regs = return_value(ireg);
-
-    // And mask for same
-    _return_value_mask.assignFrom(RegMask(regs.first()));
-    if( OptoReg::is_valid(regs.second()) )
-      _return_value_mask.insert(regs.second());
-  }
+  // Map Java-signature return types into return register-value
+  // machine registers.
+  _return_values_mask = return_values_mask(C->tf());
 
   // ---------------
   // Frame Layout
@@ -208,7 +241,7 @@ void Matcher::match( ) {
   // Need the method signature to determine the incoming argument types,
   // because the types determine which registers the incoming arguments are
   // in, and this affects the matched code.
-  const TypeTuple *domain = C->tf()->domain();
+  const TypeTuple *domain = C->tf()->domain_cc();
   uint             argcnt = domain->cnt() - TypeFunc::Parms;
   BasicType *sig_bt        = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY( BasicType, argcnt );
   VMRegPair *vm_parm_regs  = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY( VMRegPair, argcnt );
@@ -479,6 +512,7 @@ void Matcher::init_first_stack_mask() {
   for (OptoReg::Name i = init_in; i < _in_arg_limit; i = OptoReg::add(i, 1)) {
     C->FIRST_STACK_mask().insert(i);
   }
+
   // Add in all bits past the outgoing argument area
   C->FIRST_STACK_mask().set_all_from(_out_arg_limit);
 
@@ -699,12 +733,10 @@ void Matcher::Fixup_Save_On_Entry( ) {
   // Input RegMask array shared by all Returns.
   // The type for doubles and longs has a count of 2, but
   // there is only 1 returned value
-  uint ret_edge_cnt = TypeFunc::Parms + ((C->tf()->range()->cnt() == TypeFunc::Parms) ? 0 : 1);
+  uint ret_edge_cnt = C->tf()->range_cc()->cnt();
   RegMask *ret_rms  = init_input_masks( ret_edge_cnt + soe_cnt, _return_addr_mask, c_frame_ptr_mask );
-  // Returns have 0 or 1 returned values depending on call signature.
-  // Return register is specified by return_value in the AD file.
-  if (ret_edge_cnt > TypeFunc::Parms) {
-    ret_rms[TypeFunc::Parms + 0].assignFrom(_return_value_mask);
+  for (i = TypeFunc::Parms; i < ret_edge_cnt; i++) {
+    ret_rms[i].assignFrom(_return_values_mask[i-TypeFunc::Parms]);
   }
 
   // Input RegMask array shared by all ForwardExceptions
@@ -777,7 +809,7 @@ void Matcher::Fixup_Save_On_Entry( ) {
   }
 
   // Next unused projection number from Start.
-  int proj_cnt = C->tf()->domain()->cnt();
+  int proj_cnt = C->tf()->domain_cc()->cnt();
 
   // Do all the save-on-entry registers.  Make projections from Start for
   // them, and give them a use at the exit points.  To the allocator, they
@@ -1057,7 +1089,11 @@ Node *Matcher::xform( Node *n, int max_stack ) {
               }
               if (m == nullptr) {
                 // Convert to machine-dependent projection
-                m = n->in(0)->as_Multi()->match( n->as_Proj(), this );
+                RegMask* mask = nullptr;
+                if (n->in(0)->is_Call() && n->in(0)->as_Call()->tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields()) {
+                  mask = return_values_mask(n->in(0)->as_Call()->tf());
+                }
+                m = n->in(0)->as_Multi()->match(n->as_Proj(), this, mask);
                 NOT_PRODUCT(record_new2old(m, n);)
               }
               if (m->in(0) != nullptr) // m might be top
@@ -1193,7 +1229,7 @@ MachNode *Matcher::match_sfpt( SafePointNode *sfpt ) {
   ciMethod*        method = nullptr;
   if( sfpt->is_Call() ) {
     call = sfpt->as_Call();
-    domain = call->tf()->domain();
+    domain = call->tf()->domain_cc();
     cnt = domain->cnt();
 
     // Match just the call, nothing else
@@ -1269,13 +1305,16 @@ MachNode *Matcher::match_sfpt( SafePointNode *sfpt ) {
 
 
   // Do the normal argument list (parameters) register masks
-  int argcnt = cnt - TypeFunc::Parms;
+  // Null entry point is a special cast where the target of the call
+  // is in a register.
+  int adj = (call != nullptr && call->entry_point() == nullptr) ? 1 : 0;
+  int argcnt = cnt - TypeFunc::Parms - adj;
   if( argcnt > 0 ) {          // Skip it all if we have no args
     BasicType *sig_bt  = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY( BasicType, argcnt );
     VMRegPair *parm_regs = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY( VMRegPair, argcnt );
     int i;
     for( i = 0; i < argcnt; i++ ) {
-      sig_bt[i] = domain->field_at(i+TypeFunc::Parms)->basic_type();
+      sig_bt[i] = domain->field_at(i+TypeFunc::Parms+adj)->basic_type();
     }
     // V-call to pick proper calling convention
     call->calling_convention( sig_bt, parm_regs, argcnt );
@@ -1316,7 +1355,7 @@ MachNode *Matcher::match_sfpt( SafePointNode *sfpt ) {
     // and over the entire method.
     for( i = 0; i < argcnt; i++ ) {
       // Address of incoming argument mask to fill in
-      RegMask *rm = &mcall->_in_rms[i+TypeFunc::Parms];
+      RegMask *rm = &mcall->_in_rms[i+TypeFunc::Parms+adj];
       VMReg first = parm_regs[i].first();
       VMReg second = parm_regs[i].second();
       if(!first->is_valid() &&
@@ -1334,12 +1373,14 @@ MachNode *Matcher::match_sfpt( SafePointNode *sfpt ) {
       }
       // Grab first register, adjust stack slots and insert in mask.
       OptoReg::Name reg1 = warp_outgoing_stk_arg(first, begin_out_arg_area, out_arg_limit_per_call );
-      if (OptoReg::is_valid(reg1))
-        rm->insert(reg1);
+      if (OptoReg::is_valid(reg1)) {
+        rm->insert( reg1 );
+      }
       // Grab second register (if any), adjust stack slots and insert in mask.
       OptoReg::Name reg2 = warp_outgoing_stk_arg(second, begin_out_arg_area, out_arg_limit_per_call );
-      if (OptoReg::is_valid(reg2))
-        rm->insert(reg2);
+      if (OptoReg::is_valid(reg2)) {
+        rm->insert( reg2 );
+      }
     } // End of for all arguments
   }
 
@@ -1355,8 +1396,8 @@ MachNode *Matcher::match_sfpt( SafePointNode *sfpt ) {
     // Since the max-per-method covers the max-per-call-site and debug info
     // is excluded on the max-per-method basis, debug info cannot land in
     // this killed area.
-    uint r_cnt = mcall->tf()->range()->cnt();
-    MachProjNode* proj = new MachProjNode(mcall, r_cnt + 10000, RegMask::EMPTY, MachProjNode::fat_proj);
+    uint r_cnt = mcall->tf()->range_sig()->cnt();
+    MachProjNode *proj = new MachProjNode( mcall, r_cnt+10000, RegMask::EMPTY, MachProjNode::fat_proj );
     for (int i = begin_out_arg_area; i < out_arg_limit_per_call; i++) {
       proj->_rout.insert(OptoReg::Name(i));
     }
@@ -1373,7 +1414,7 @@ MachNode *Matcher::match_sfpt( SafePointNode *sfpt ) {
 
   // Debug inputs begin just after the last incoming parameter
   assert((mcall == nullptr) || (mcall->jvms() == nullptr) ||
-         (mcall->jvms()->debug_start() + mcall->_jvmadj == mcall->tf()->domain()->cnt()), "");
+         (mcall->jvms()->debug_start() + mcall->_jvmadj == mcall->tf()->domain_cc()->cnt()), "");
 
   // Add additional edges.
   if (msfpt->mach_constant_base_node_input() != (uint)-1 && !msfpt->is_MachCallLeaf()) {
@@ -2062,7 +2103,7 @@ void Matcher::find_shared(Node* n) {
       if (find_shared_visit(mstack, n, nop, mem_op, mem_addr_idx)) {
         continue;
       }
-      for (int i = n->req() - 1; i >= 0; --i) { // For my children
+      for (int i = n->len() - 1; i >= 0; --i) { // For my children
         Node* m = n->in(i); // Get ith input
         if (m == nullptr) {
           continue;  // Ignore nulls
@@ -2373,6 +2414,13 @@ void Matcher::find_shared_post_visit(Node* n, uint opcode) {
       n->del_req(3);
       break;
     }
+    case Op_ClearArray: {
+      Node* pair = new BinaryNode(n->in(2), n->in(3));
+      n->set_req(2, pair);
+      n->set_req(3, n->in(4));
+      n->del_req(4);
+      break;
+    }
     case Op_VectorCmpMasked:
     case Op_CopySignD:
     case Op_SignumVF:
@@ -2423,6 +2471,14 @@ void Matcher::find_shared_post_visit(Node* n, uint opcode) {
       }
       break;
     }
+    case Op_StoreLSpecial: {
+      if (n->req() > (MemNode::ValueIn + 1) && n->in(MemNode::ValueIn + 1) != nullptr) {
+        Node* pair = new BinaryNode(n->in(MemNode::ValueIn), n->in(MemNode::ValueIn + 1));
+        n->set_req(MemNode::ValueIn, pair);
+        n->del_req(MemNode::ValueIn + 1);
+      }
+      break;
+    }
     default:
       break;
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/matcher.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/matcher.hpp
index 2453a7ece4e..2308e3cdaaf 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/matcher.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/matcher.hpp
@@ -264,6 +264,8 @@ class Matcher : public PhaseTransform {
   // Helper for match
   OptoReg::Name warp_incoming_stk_arg( VMReg reg );
 
+  RegMask* return_values_mask(const TypeFunc* tf);
+
   // Transform, then walk.  Does implicit DCE while walking.
   // Name changed from "transform" to avoid it being virtual.
   Node *xform( Node *old_space_node, int Nodes );
@@ -413,7 +415,7 @@ class Matcher : public PhaseTransform {
   // Return value register.  On Intel it is EAX.
   static OptoRegPair   return_value(uint ideal_reg);
   static OptoRegPair c_return_value(uint ideal_reg);
-  RegMask                     _return_value_mask;
+  RegMask*            _return_values_mask;
   // Inline Cache Register
   static OptoReg::Name  inline_cache_reg();
   static int            inline_cache_reg_encode();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
index 2e689311761..0f86ba5fc1e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
@@ -23,20 +23,28 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "ci/ciFlatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInstanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
+#include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
+#include "classfile/vmIntrinsics.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compileLog.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/c2/barrierSetC2.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/tlab_globals.hpp"
 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "opto/addnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/arraycopynode.hpp"
+#include "opto/callnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/cfgnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/compile.hpp"
 #include "opto/connode.hpp"
 #include "opto/convertnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/loopnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/machnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/matcher.hpp"
@@ -51,6 +59,7 @@
 #include "opto/rootnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/traceMergeStoresTag.hpp"
 #include "opto/vectornode.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
@@ -144,33 +153,149 @@ extern void print_alias_types();
 
 #endif
 
-Node *MemNode::optimize_simple_memory_chain(Node *mchain, const TypeOopPtr *t_oop, Node *load, PhaseGVN *phase) {
-  assert((t_oop != nullptr), "sanity");
-  bool is_instance = t_oop->is_known_instance_field();
-  bool is_boxed_value_load = t_oop->is_ptr_to_boxed_value() &&
-                             (load != nullptr) && load->is_Load() &&
-                             (phase->is_IterGVN() != nullptr);
-  if (!(is_instance || is_boxed_value_load))
-    return mchain;  // don't try to optimize non-instance types
+// Find the memory output corresponding to the fall-through path of a call
+static Node* find_call_fallthrough_mem_output(CallNode* call) {
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  CallProjections* projs = call->extract_projections(false, false);
+  Node* res = projs->fallthrough_memproj;
+  assert(res != nullptr, "must have a fallthrough mem output");
+  return res;
+}
+
+// Try to find a better memory input for a load from a strict final field
+static Node* try_optimize_strict_final_load_memory(PhaseGVN* phase, Node* adr, ProjNode*& base_local) {
+  intptr_t offset = 0;
+  Node* base = AddPNode::Ideal_base_and_offset(adr, phase, offset);
+  if (base == nullptr) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  Node* base_uncasted = base->uncast();
+  if (base_uncasted->is_Proj()) {
+    Node* multi = base_uncasted->in(0);
+    if (multi->is_top()) {
+      // The pointer dies, make the memory die, too
+      return multi;
+    } else if (multi->is_Allocate()) {
+      base_local = base_uncasted->as_Proj();
+      return nullptr;
+    } else if (multi->is_Call()) {
+      if (!multi->is_CallJava() || multi->as_CallJava()->method() == nullptr || !multi->as_CallJava()->method()->return_value_is_larval()) {
+        // The oop is returned from a call, the memory can be the fallthrough output of the call
+        return find_call_fallthrough_mem_output(multi->as_Call());
+      }
+    } else if (multi->is_Start()) {
+      // The oop is a parameter
+      if (base_uncasted->as_Proj()->_con == TypeFunc::Parms && phase->C->method()->receiver_maybe_larval()) {
+        // The receiver of a constructor is similar to the result of an AllocateNode
+        base_local = base_uncasted->as_Proj();
+        return nullptr;
+      } else {
+        // Use the start memory otherwise
+        return multi->as_Start()->proj_out(TypeFunc::Memory);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+// Whether a call can modify a strict final field, given that the object is allocated inside the
+// current compilation unit, or is the first parameter when the compilation root is a constructor.
+// This is equivalent to asking whether 'call' is a constructor invocation and the class declaring
+// the target method is a subclass of the class declaring 'field'.
+static bool call_can_modify_local_object(ciField* field, CallNode* call) {
+  if (!call->is_CallJava()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  ciMethod* target = call->as_CallJava()->method();
+  if (target == nullptr) {
+    return false;
+  } else if (target->intrinsic_id() == vmIntrinsicID::_linkToSpecial) {
+    // linkToSpecial can be used to call a constructor, used in the construction of objects in the
+    // reflection API
+    return true;
+  } else if (!target->is_object_constructor()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // If 'field' is declared in a class that is a subclass of the one declaring the constructor,
+  // then the field is set inside the constructor, else the field must be set before the
+  // constructor invocation. E.g. A field Super.x will be set during the execution of Sub::<init>,
+  // while a field Sub.y must be set before Super::<init> is invoked.
+  // We can try to be more heroic and decide if the receiver of the constructor invocation is the
+  // object from which we are loading from. This, however, may be problematic as deciding if 2
+  // nodes are definitely different may not be trivial, especially if the graph is not canonical.
+  // As a result, it is made more conservative for now.
+  assert(call->req() > TypeFunc::Parms, "constructor must have at least 1 argument");
+  return target->holder()->is_subclass_of(field->holder());
+}
+
+Node* MemNode::optimize_simple_memory_chain(Node* mchain, const TypeOopPtr* t_oop, Node* load, PhaseGVN* phase) {
+  assert(t_oop != nullptr, "sanity");
+  bool is_known_instance = t_oop->is_known_instance_field();
+  bool is_strict_final_load = false;
+
+  // After macro expansion, an allocation may become a call, changing the memory input to the
+  // memory output of that call would be illegal. As a result, disallow this transformation after
+  // macro expansion.
+  if (phase->is_IterGVN() && phase->C->allow_macro_nodes() && load != nullptr && load->is_Load() && !load->as_Load()->is_mismatched_access()) {
+    is_strict_final_load = t_oop->is_ptr_to_strict_final_field();
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    if ((t_oop->is_inlinetypeptr() && t_oop->inline_klass()->contains_field_offset(t_oop->offset())) || t_oop->is_ptr_to_boxed_value()) {
+      assert(is_strict_final_load, "sanity check for basic cases");
+    }
+#endif // ASSERT
+  }
+
+  if (!is_known_instance && !is_strict_final_load) {
+    return mchain;
+  }
+
+  Node* result = mchain;
+  ProjNode* base_local = nullptr;
+
+  ciField* field = nullptr;
+  if (is_strict_final_load) {
+    field = phase->C->alias_type(t_oop)->field();
+    assert(field != nullptr, "must point to a field");
+
+    Node* adr = load->in(MemNode::Address);
+    assert(phase->type(adr) == t_oop, "inconsistent type");
+    Node* tmp = try_optimize_strict_final_load_memory(phase, adr, base_local);
+    if (tmp != nullptr) {
+      result = tmp;
+    }
+  }
+
   uint instance_id = t_oop->instance_id();
-  Node *start_mem = phase->C->start()->proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Memory);
-  Node *prev = nullptr;
-  Node *result = mchain;
+  Node* start_mem = phase->C->start()->proj_out_or_null(TypeFunc::Memory);
+  Node* prev = nullptr;
   while (prev != result) {
     prev = result;
-    if (result == start_mem)
-      break;  // hit one of our sentinels
+    if (result == start_mem) {
+      // start_mem is the earliest memory possible
+      break;
+    }
+
     // skip over a call which does not affect this memory slice
     if (result->is_Proj() && result->as_Proj()->_con == TypeFunc::Memory) {
-      Node *proj_in = result->in(0);
+      Node* proj_in = result->in(0);
       if (proj_in->is_Allocate() && proj_in->_idx == instance_id) {
-        break;  // hit one of our sentinels
+        // This is the allocation that creates the object from which we are loading from
+        break;
       } else if (proj_in->is_Call()) {
         // ArrayCopyNodes processed here as well
-        CallNode *call = proj_in->as_Call();
-        if (!call->may_modify(t_oop, phase)) { // returns false for instances
+        CallNode* call = proj_in->as_Call();
+        if (!call->may_modify(t_oop, phase)) {
+          result = call->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
+        } else if (is_strict_final_load && base_local != nullptr && !call_can_modify_local_object(field, call)) {
           result = call->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
         }
+      } else if (proj_in->Opcode() == Op_Tuple) {
+        // The call will be folded, skip over it.
+        break;
       } else if (proj_in->is_Initialize()) {
         AllocateNode* alloc = proj_in->as_Initialize()->allocation();
         // Stop if this is the initialization for the object instance which
@@ -178,13 +303,17 @@ Node *MemNode::optimize_simple_memory_chain(Node *mchain, const TypeOopPtr *t_oo
         if ((alloc == nullptr) || (alloc->_idx == instance_id)) {
           break;
         }
-        if (is_instance) {
+        if (is_known_instance) {
           result = proj_in->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
-        } else if (is_boxed_value_load) {
+        } else if (is_strict_final_load) {
           Node* klass = alloc->in(AllocateNode::KlassNode);
           const TypeKlassPtr* tklass = phase->type(klass)->is_klassptr();
-          if (tklass->klass_is_exact() && !tklass->exact_klass()->equals(t_oop->is_instptr()->exact_klass())) {
-            result = proj_in->in(TypeFunc::Memory); // not related allocation
+          if (tklass->klass_is_exact() && !tklass->exact_klass()->is_subclass_of(t_oop->is_instptr()->instance_klass())) {
+            // Allocation of an unrelated type, must be another object
+            result = proj_in->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
+          } else if (base_local != nullptr && (base_local->is_Parm() || base_local->in(0) != alloc)) {
+            // Allocation of another object
+            result = proj_in->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
           }
         }
       } else if (proj_in->is_MemBar()) {
@@ -193,13 +322,20 @@ Node *MemNode::optimize_simple_memory_chain(Node *mchain, const TypeOopPtr *t_oo
           break;
         }
         result = proj_in->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
+      } else if (proj_in->is_LoadFlat() || proj_in->is_StoreFlat()) {
+        bool mismatched = proj_in->is_LoadFlat() ? proj_in->as_LoadFlat()->is_mismatched() : proj_in->as_StoreFlat()->is_mismatched();
+        if (is_strict_final_load || (is_known_instance && !mismatched)) {
+          // LoadFlat and StoreFlat cannot happen to strict final fields
+          // LoadFlat and StoreFlat to known instances are removed at the end of EA unless mismatched: this one is unrelated
+          result = proj_in->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
+        }
       } else if (proj_in->is_top()) {
         break; // dead code
       } else {
-        assert(false, "unexpected projection");
+        assert(false, "unexpected projection of %s", proj_in->Name());
       }
     } else if (result->is_ClearArray()) {
-      if (!is_instance || !ClearArrayNode::step_through(&result, instance_id, phase)) {
+      if (!is_known_instance || !ClearArrayNode::step_through(&result, instance_id, phase)) {
         // Can not bypass initialization of the instance
         // we are looking for.
         break;
@@ -237,6 +373,8 @@ Node *MemNode::optimize_memory_chain(Node *mchain, const TypePtr *t_adr, Node *l
         mem_t = mem_t->is_aryptr()
                      ->cast_to_stable(t_oop->is_aryptr()->is_stable())
                      ->cast_to_size(t_oop->is_aryptr()->size())
+                     ->cast_to_not_flat(t_oop->is_aryptr()->is_not_flat())
+                     ->cast_to_not_null_free(t_oop->is_aryptr()->is_not_null_free())
                      ->with_offset(t_oop->is_aryptr()->offset())
                      ->is_aryptr();
       }
@@ -263,7 +401,7 @@ static Node *step_through_mergemem(PhaseGVN *phase, MergeMemNode *mmem,  const T
                        phase->C->must_alias(adr_check, alias_idx );
     // Sometimes dead array references collapse to a[-1], a[-2], or a[-3]
     if( !consistent && adr_check != nullptr && !adr_check->empty() &&
-               tp->isa_aryptr() &&        tp->offset() == Type::OffsetBot &&
+        tp->isa_aryptr() &&        tp->offset() == Type::OffsetBot &&
         adr_check->isa_aryptr() && adr_check->offset() != Type::OffsetBot &&
         ( adr_check->offset() == arrayOopDesc::length_offset_in_bytes() ||
           adr_check->offset() == oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes() ||
@@ -606,7 +744,8 @@ Node* LoadNode::find_previous_arraycopy(PhaseValues* phase, Node* ld_alloc, Node
     // This is a load from a cloned array. The corresponding arraycopy ac must
     // have set the value for the load and we can return ac but only if the load
     // is known to be within bounds. This is checked below.
-    if (ary_t != nullptr && ld_addp->is_AddP()) {
+    // TODO 8350865: Support flat arrays in LoadNode::find_previous_arraycopy
+    if (ary_t != nullptr && ary_t->is_not_flat() && ld_addp->is_AddP()) {
       Node* ld_offs = ld_addp->in(AddPNode::Offset);
       BasicType ary_elem = ary_t->elem()->array_element_basic_type();
       jlong header = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(ary_elem);
@@ -1016,7 +1155,7 @@ bool LoadNode::is_immutable_value(Node* adr) {
 Node* LoadNode::make(PhaseGVN& gvn, Node* ctl, Node* mem, Node* adr, const TypePtr* adr_type, const Type* rt, BasicType bt, MemOrd mo,
                      ControlDependency control_dependency, bool require_atomic_access, bool unaligned, bool mismatched, bool unsafe, uint8_t barrier_data) {
   Compile* C = gvn.C;
-  assert(adr->is_top() || C->get_alias_index(gvn.type(adr)->is_ptr()) == C->get_alias_index(adr_type), "adr and adr_type must agree");
+  assert(adr->is_top() || C->get_alias_index(gvn.type(adr)->is_ptr(), true) == C->get_alias_index(adr_type, true), "adr and adr_type must agree");
 
   // sanity check the alias category against the created node type
   assert(!(adr_type->isa_oopptr() &&
@@ -1041,6 +1180,7 @@ Node* LoadNode::make(PhaseGVN& gvn, Node* ctl, Node* mem, Node* adr, const TypeP
   case T_FLOAT:   load = new LoadFNode (ctl, mem, adr, adr_type, rt,            mo, control_dependency); break;
   case T_DOUBLE:  load = new LoadDNode (ctl, mem, adr, adr_type, rt,            mo, control_dependency, require_atomic_access); break;
   case T_ADDRESS: load = new LoadPNode (ctl, mem, adr, adr_type, rt->is_ptr(),  mo, control_dependency); break;
+  case T_ARRAY:
   case T_OBJECT:
   case T_NARROWOOP:
 #ifdef _LP64
@@ -1054,7 +1194,7 @@ Node* LoadNode::make(PhaseGVN& gvn, Node* ctl, Node* mem, Node* adr, const TypeP
     }
     break;
   default:
-    ShouldNotReachHere();
+    guarantee(false, "unexpected basic type %s", type2name(bt));
     break;
   }
   assert(load != nullptr, "LoadNode should have been created");
@@ -1089,7 +1229,7 @@ static bool skip_through_membars(Compile::AliasType* atp, const TypeInstPtr* tp,
                          (tp != nullptr) && (tp->isa_aryptr() != nullptr) &&
                          tp->isa_aryptr()->is_stable();
 
-    return (eliminate_boxing && non_volatile) || is_stable_ary;
+    return (eliminate_boxing && non_volatile) || is_stable_ary || tp->is_inlinetypeptr();
   }
 
   return false;
@@ -1137,8 +1277,7 @@ Node* LoadNode::can_see_arraycopy_value(Node* st, PhaseGVN* phase) const {
       BasicType ary_elem = ary_t->isa_aryptr()->elem()->array_element_basic_type();
       if (is_reference_type(ary_elem, true)) ary_elem = T_OBJECT;
 
-      uint header = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(ary_elem);
-      uint shift  = exact_log2(type2aelembytes(ary_elem));
+      uint shift  = ary_t->is_flat() ? ary_t->flat_log_elem_size() : exact_log2(type2aelembytes(ary_elem));
 
       Node* diff = phase->transform(new SubINode(ac->in(ArrayCopyNode::SrcPos), ac->in(ArrayCopyNode::DestPos)));
 #ifdef _LP64
@@ -1162,14 +1301,38 @@ Node* LoadNode::can_see_arraycopy_value(Node* st, PhaseGVN* phase) const {
   return nullptr;
 }
 
+static Node* see_through_inline_type(PhaseValues* phase, const LoadNode* load, Node* base, int offset) {
+  if (load->is_mismatched_access() || base == nullptr) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  InlineTypeNode* vt = base->isa_InlineType();
+  if (vt == nullptr || offset < vt->type()->inline_klass()->payload_offset()) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  Node* value = vt->field_value_by_offset(offset, true);
+  assert(value != nullptr, "must see some value");
+  return value;
+}
+
 // This routine exists to make sure this set of tests is done the same
 // everywhere.  We need to make a coordinated change: first LoadNode::Ideal
 // will change the graph shape in a way which makes memory alive twice at the
 // same time (uses the Oracle model of aliasing), then some
 // LoadXNode::Identity will fold things back to the equivalence-class model
 // of aliasing.
+// This method may find an unencoded node instead of the corresponding encoded one.
 Node* LoadNode::can_see_stored_value_through_membars(Node* st, PhaseValues* phase) const {
   Node* ld_adr = in(MemNode::Address);
+  intptr_t ld_off = 0;
+  Node* ld_base = AddPNode::Ideal_base_and_offset(ld_adr, phase, ld_off);
+  // Try to see through an InlineTypeNode
+  Node* value = see_through_inline_type(phase, this, ld_base, ld_off);
+  if (value != nullptr) {
+    return value;
+  }
+
   const TypeInstPtr* tp = phase->type(ld_adr)->isa_instptr();
   Compile::AliasType* atp = (tp != nullptr) ? phase->C->alias_type(tp) : nullptr;
 
@@ -1221,7 +1384,8 @@ Node* LoadNode::can_see_stored_value_through_membars(Node* st, PhaseValues* phas
   }
 
   Node* res = can_see_stored_value(st, phase);
-  assert(res == nullptr || is_java_primitive(value_basic_type()) || res->bottom_type()->higher_equal(type()), "the fold is unsafe");
+  // TODO: reimplement assert, see: JDK-8386157
+  //assert(res == nullptr || is_java_primitive(value_basic_type()) || res->bottom_type()->higher_equal(type()), "the fold is unsafe");
   return res;
 }
 
@@ -1309,6 +1473,35 @@ Node* MemNode::can_see_stored_value(Node* st, PhaseValues* phase) const {
       // (This is one of the few places where a generic PhaseTransform
       // can create new nodes.  Think of it as lazily manifesting
       // virtually pre-existing constants.)
+      Node* init_value = ld_alloc->in(AllocateNode::InitValue);
+      if (init_value != nullptr) {
+        const TypeAryPtr* ld_adr_type = phase->type(ld_adr)->isa_aryptr();
+        if (ld_adr_type == nullptr) {
+          return nullptr;
+        }
+
+        // We know that this is not a flat array, the load should return the whole oop
+        if (ld_adr_type->is_not_flat()) {
+          return init_value;
+        }
+
+        // If this is a flat array, try to see through init_value
+        if (init_value->is_EncodeP()) {
+          init_value = init_value->in(1);
+        }
+        if (!init_value->is_InlineType() || ld_adr_type->field_offset() == Type::Offset::bottom) {
+          return nullptr;
+        }
+
+        ciInlineKlass* vk = phase->type(init_value)->inline_klass();
+        int field_offset_in_payload = ld_adr_type->field_offset().get();
+        if (field_offset_in_payload == vk->null_marker_offset_in_payload()) {
+          return init_value->as_InlineType()->get_null_marker();
+        } else {
+          return init_value->as_InlineType()->field_value_by_offset(field_offset_in_payload + vk->payload_offset(), true);
+        }
+      }
+      assert(ld_alloc->in(AllocateNode::RawInitValue) == nullptr, "init value may not be null");
       if (value_basic_type() != T_VOID) {
         if (ReduceBulkZeroing || find_array_copy_clone(ld_alloc, in(MemNode::Memory)) == nullptr) {
           // If ReduceBulkZeroing is disabled, we need to check if the allocation does not belong to an
@@ -1361,9 +1554,9 @@ bool LoadNode::is_instance_field_load_with_local_phi(Node* ctrl) {
   if( in(Memory)->is_Phi() && in(Memory)->in(0) == ctrl &&
       in(Address)->is_AddP() ) {
     const TypeOopPtr* t_oop = in(Address)->bottom_type()->isa_oopptr();
-    // Only instances and boxed values.
+    // Only known instances and immutable fields
     if( t_oop != nullptr &&
-        (t_oop->is_ptr_to_boxed_value() ||
+        (t_oop->is_ptr_to_strict_final_field() ||
          t_oop->is_known_instance_field()) &&
         t_oop->offset() != Type::OffsetBot &&
         t_oop->offset() != Type::OffsetTop) {
@@ -1391,6 +1584,10 @@ Node* LoadNode::Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) {
       if (!phase->type(value)->higher_equal(phase->type(this)))
         return this;
     }
+
+    if (phase->type(value)->isa_ptr() && phase->type(this)->isa_narrowoop()) {
+      return this;
+    }
     // (This works even when value is a Con, but LoadNode::Value
     // usually runs first, producing the singleton type of the Con.)
     if (!has_pinned_control_dependency() || value->is_Con()) {
@@ -1412,8 +1609,8 @@ Node* LoadNode::Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) {
     int this_offset = addr_t->offset();
     int this_iid    = addr_t->instance_id();
     if (!addr_t->is_known_instance() &&
-         addr_t->is_ptr_to_boxed_value()) {
-      // Use _idx of address base (could be Phi node) for boxed values.
+         addr_t->is_ptr_to_strict_final_field()) {
+      // Use _idx of address base (could be Phi node) for immutable fields in unknown instances
       intptr_t   ignore = 0;
       Node*      base = AddPNode::Ideal_base_and_offset(in(Address), phase, ignore);
       if (base == nullptr) {
@@ -1988,6 +2185,8 @@ Node *LoadNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
       && phase->C->get_alias_index(phase->type(address)->is_ptr()) != Compile::AliasIdxRaw) {
     // Check for useless control edge in some common special cases
     if (in(MemNode::Control) != nullptr
+        // TODO 8350865 Can we re-enable this?
+        && !(phase->type(address)->is_inlinetypeptr() && is_mismatched_access())
         && can_remove_control()
         && phase->type(base)->higher_equal(TypePtr::NOTNULL)
         && all_controls_dominate(base, phase->C->start(), phase)) {
@@ -2140,10 +2339,13 @@ const Type* LoadNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
   // If load can see a previous constant store, use that.
   Node* value = can_see_stored_value_through_membars(mem, phase);
   if (value != nullptr && value->is_Con()) {
-    assert(value->bottom_type()->higher_equal(_type), "sanity");
-    return value->bottom_type();
+    if (phase->type(value)->isa_ptr() && _type->isa_narrowoop()) {
+      return phase->type(value)->make_narrowoop();
+    } else {
+      assert(value->bottom_type()->higher_equal(_type), "sanity");
+      return phase->type(value);
+    }
   }
-
   // Try to guess loaded type from pointer type
   if (tp->isa_aryptr()) {
     const TypeAryPtr* ary = tp->is_aryptr();
@@ -2164,7 +2366,7 @@ const Type* LoadNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
       ciObject* aobj = ary->const_oop();
       if (aobj != nullptr && off_beyond_header && adr->is_AddP() && off != Type::OffsetBot) {
         int stable_dimension = (ary->stable_dimension() > 0 ? ary->stable_dimension() - 1 : 0);
-        const Type* con_type = Type::make_constant_from_array_element(aobj->as_array(), off,
+        const Type* con_type = Type::make_constant_from_array_element(aobj->as_array(), off, ary->field_offset().get(),
                                                                       stable_dimension,
                                                                       value_basic_type(), is_unsigned());
         if (con_type != nullptr) {
@@ -2190,6 +2392,7 @@ const Type* LoadNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
     // expression (LShiftL quux 3) independently optimized to the constant 8.
     if ((t->isa_int() == nullptr) && (t->isa_long() == nullptr)
         && (_type->isa_vect() == nullptr)
+        && !ary->is_flat()
         && Opcode() != Op_LoadKlass && Opcode() != Op_LoadNKlass) {
       // t might actually be lower than _type, if _type is a unique
       // concrete subclass of abstract class t.
@@ -2225,16 +2428,34 @@ const Type* LoadNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
             // arrays can be cast to Objects
             !tp->isa_instptr() ||
             tp->is_instptr()->instance_klass()->is_java_lang_Object() ||
+            // Default value load
+            tp->is_instptr()->instance_klass() == ciEnv::current()->Class_klass() ||
             // unsafe field access may not have a constant offset
-            C->has_unsafe_access(),
+            is_unsafe_access(),
             "Field accesses must be precise" );
     // For oop loads, we expect the _type to be precise.
 
-    // Optimize loads from constant fields.
     const TypeInstPtr* tinst = tp->is_instptr();
+    BasicType bt = value_basic_type();
+
+    // Fold loads of the field map
+    if (tinst != nullptr) {
+      ciInstanceKlass* ik = tinst->instance_klass();
+      int offset = tinst->offset();
+      if (ik == phase->C->env()->Class_klass()) {
+        ciType* t = tinst->java_mirror_type();
+        if (t != nullptr && t->is_inlinetype() && offset == t->as_inline_klass()->field_map_offset()) {
+          ciConstant map = t->as_inline_klass()->get_field_map();
+          bool is_narrow_oop = (bt == T_NARROWOOP);
+          return Type::make_from_constant(map, true, 1, is_narrow_oop);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Optimize loads from constant fields.
     ciObject* const_oop = tinst->const_oop();
     if (!is_mismatched_access() && off != Type::OffsetBot && const_oop != nullptr && const_oop->is_instance()) {
-      const Type* con_type = Type::make_constant_from_field(const_oop->as_instance(), off, is_unsigned(), value_basic_type());
+      const Type* con_type = Type::make_constant_from_field(const_oop->as_instance(), off, is_unsigned(), bt);
       if (con_type != nullptr) {
         return con_type;
       }
@@ -2281,12 +2502,25 @@ const Type* LoadNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
         assert(Opcode() == Op_LoadI, "must load an int from _super_check_offset");
         return TypeInt::make(klass->super_check_offset());
       }
-      if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
-        if (tkls->offset() == in_bytes(Klass::prototype_header_offset())) {
-          // The field is Klass::_prototype_header. Return its (constant) value.
-          assert(this->Opcode() == Op_LoadX, "must load a proper type from _prototype_header");
-          return TypeX::make(klass->prototype_header());
-        }
+      if (klass->is_inlinetype() && tkls->offset() == in_bytes(InstanceKlass::acmp_maps_offset_offset())) {
+        return TypeInt::make(klass->as_inline_klass()->field_map_offset());
+      }
+      if (klass->is_obj_array_klass() && tkls->offset() == in_bytes(ObjArrayKlass::next_refined_array_klass_offset())) {
+        // Fold loads from LibraryCallKit::load_default_refined_array_klass
+        return tkls->is_aryklassptr()->cast_to_refined_array_klass_ptr();
+      }
+      if (klass->is_array_klass() && tkls->offset() == in_bytes(ObjArrayKlass::properties_offset())) {
+        assert(klass->is_type_array_klass() || tkls->is_aryklassptr()->is_refined_type(), "Must be a refined array klass pointer");
+        return TypeInt::make((jint)klass->as_array_klass()->properties().value());
+      }
+      if (klass->is_flat_array_klass() && tkls->offset() == in_bytes(FlatArrayKlass::layout_kind_offset())) {
+        assert(Opcode() == Op_LoadI, "must load an int from _layout_kind");
+        return TypeInt::make(static_cast<jint>(klass->as_flat_array_klass()->layout_kind()));
+      }
+      if (UseCompactObjectHeaders && tkls->offset() == in_bytes(Klass::prototype_header_offset())) {
+        // The field is Klass::_prototype_header. Return its (constant) value.
+        assert(this->Opcode() == Op_LoadX, "must load a proper type from _prototype_header");
+        return TypeX::make(klass->prototype_header());
       }
       // Compute index into primary_supers array
       juint depth = (tkls->offset() - in_bytes(Klass::primary_supers_offset())) / sizeof(Klass*);
@@ -2360,14 +2594,34 @@ const Type* LoadNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
     Node* mem = in(MemNode::Memory);
     if (mem->is_Parm() && mem->in(0)->is_Start()) {
       assert(mem->as_Parm()->_con == TypeFunc::Memory, "must be memory Parm");
+      // TODO 8350865 Scalar replacement does not work well for flat arrays.
+      // Escape Analysis assumes that arrays are always zeroed during allocation which is not true for null-free arrays
+      // ConnectionGraph::split_unique_types will re-wire the memory of loads from such arrays around the allocation
+      // TestArrays::test6 and test152 and TestBasicFunctionality::test20 are affected by this.
+      if (tp->isa_aryptr() && tp->is_aryptr()->is_flat() && tp->is_aryptr()->is_null_free()) {
+        intptr_t offset = 0;
+        Node* base = AddPNode::Ideal_base_and_offset(adr, phase, offset);
+        AllocateNode* alloc = AllocateNode::Ideal_allocation(base);
+        if (alloc != nullptr && alloc->is_AllocateArray() && alloc->in(AllocateNode::InitValue) != nullptr) {
+          return _type;
+        }
+      }
       return Type::get_zero_type(_type->basic_type());
     }
   }
-
   if (!UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
     Node* alloc = is_new_object_mark_load();
     if (alloc != nullptr) {
-      return TypeX::make(markWord::prototype().value());
+      if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+        // The mark word may contain property bits (inline, flat, null-free)
+        Node* klass_node = alloc->in(AllocateNode::KlassNode);
+        const TypeKlassPtr* tkls = phase->type(klass_node)->isa_klassptr();
+        if (tkls != nullptr && tkls->is_loaded() && tkls->klass_is_exact()) {
+          return TypeX::make(tkls->exact_klass()->prototype_header());
+        }
+      } else {
+        return TypeX::make(markWord::prototype().value());
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -2516,6 +2770,17 @@ const Type* LoadSNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
   return LoadNode::Value(phase);
 }
 
+Node* LoadNNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
+  // Can see the corresponding value, may need to add an EncodeP
+  Node* value = can_see_stored_value_through_membars(in(Memory), phase);
+  if (value != nullptr && phase->type(value)->isa_ptr() && type()->isa_narrowoop()) {
+    return new EncodePNode(value, type());
+  }
+
+  // Identity call will handle the case where EncodeP is unnecessary
+  return LoadNode::Ideal(phase, can_reshape);
+}
+
 //=============================================================================
 //----------------------------LoadKlassNode::make------------------------------
 // Polymorphic factory method:
@@ -2588,10 +2853,10 @@ const Type* LoadNode::klass_value_common(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
   }
 
   // Check for loading klass from an array
-  const TypeAryPtr *tary = tp->isa_aryptr();
+  const TypeAryPtr* tary = tp->isa_aryptr();
   if (tary != nullptr &&
       tary->offset() == oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()) {
-    return tary->as_klass_type(true);
+    return tary->as_klass_type(true)->is_aryklassptr();
   }
 
   // Check for loading klass from an array klass
@@ -2609,6 +2874,13 @@ const Type* LoadNode::klass_value_common(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
       // according to the element type's subclassing.
       return tkls->is_aryklassptr()->elem()->isa_klassptr()->cast_to_exactness(tkls->klass_is_exact());
     }
+    if (tkls->isa_aryklassptr() != nullptr && tkls->klass_is_exact() &&
+        !tkls->exact_klass()->is_type_array_klass() &&
+        tkls->offset() == in_bytes(Klass::super_offset())) {
+      // We are loading the super klass of a refined array klass, return the non-refined klass pointer
+      assert(tkls->is_aryklassptr()->is_refined_type(), "Must be a refined array klass pointer");
+      return tkls->is_aryklassptr()->with_offset(0)->cast_to_non_refined();
+    }
     if (tkls->isa_instklassptr() != nullptr && tkls->klass_is_exact() &&
         tkls->offset() == in_bytes(Klass::super_offset())) {
       ciKlass* sup = tkls->is_instklassptr()->instance_klass()->super();
@@ -2671,6 +2943,10 @@ Node* LoadNode::klass_identity_common(PhaseGVN* phase) {
   // mirror go completely dead.  (Current exception:  Class
   // mirrors may appear in debug info, but we could clean them out by
   // introducing a new debug info operator for Klass.java_mirror).
+  //
+  // This optimization does not apply to arrays because if k is not a
+  // constant, it was obtained via load_klass which returns the refined type
+  // and '.java_mirror.as_klass' should return the Java type instead.
 
   if (toop->isa_instptr() && toop->is_instptr()->instance_klass() == phase->C->env()->Class_klass()
       && offset == java_lang_Class::klass_offset()) {
@@ -2680,9 +2956,8 @@ Node* LoadNode::klass_identity_common(PhaseGVN* phase) {
         Node* adr2 = base2->in(MemNode::Address);
         const TypeKlassPtr* tkls = phase->type(adr2)->isa_klassptr();
         if (tkls != nullptr && !tkls->empty()
-            && (tkls->isa_instklassptr() || tkls->isa_aryklassptr())
-            && adr2->is_AddP()
-           ) {
+            && ((tkls->isa_instklassptr() && !tkls->is_instklassptr()->might_be_an_array()))
+            && adr2->is_AddP()) {
           int mirror_field = in_bytes(Klass::java_mirror_offset());
           if (tkls->offset() == mirror_field) {
 #ifdef ASSERT
@@ -2849,6 +3124,7 @@ StoreNode* StoreNode::make(PhaseGVN& gvn, Node* ctl, Node* mem, Node* adr, const
   case T_METADATA:
   case T_ADDRESS:
   case T_OBJECT:
+  case T_ARRAY:
 #ifdef _LP64
     if (adr->bottom_type()->is_ptr_to_narrowoop()) {
       val = gvn.transform(new EncodePNode(val, val->bottom_type()->make_narrowoop()));
@@ -2863,7 +3139,7 @@ StoreNode* StoreNode::make(PhaseGVN& gvn, Node* ctl, Node* mem, Node* adr, const
       return new StorePNode(ctl, mem, adr, adr_type, val, mo);
     }
   default:
-    ShouldNotReachHere();
+    guarantee(false, "unexpected basic type %s", type2name(bt));
     return (StoreNode*)nullptr;
   }
 }
@@ -3525,9 +3801,9 @@ Node *StoreNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
   Node* address = in(MemNode::Address);
   Node* value   = in(MemNode::ValueIn);
   // Back-to-back stores to same address?  Fold em up.  Generally
-  // unsafe if I have intervening uses. Also unsafe for masked or
-  // scatter vector stores as the wider store.
-  if (!this->is_StoreVector() || this->Opcode() == Op_StoreVector) {
+  // unsafe if I have intervening uses...
+  if ((!this->is_StoreVector() || this->Opcode() == Op_StoreVector) &&
+      phase->C->get_adr_type(phase->C->get_alias_index(adr_type())) != TypeAryPtr::INLINES) {
     Node* st = mem;
     // If Store 'st' has more than one use, we cannot fold 'st' away.
     // For example, 'st' might be the final state at a conditional
@@ -3546,6 +3822,7 @@ Node *StoreNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
              phase->C->get_alias_index(adr_type()) == Compile::AliasIdxRaw ||
              (Opcode() == Op_StoreL && st->Opcode() == Op_StoreI) || // expanded ClearArrayNode
              (Opcode() == Op_StoreI && st->Opcode() == Op_StoreL) || // initialization by arraycopy
+             (Opcode() == Op_StoreL && st->Opcode() == Op_StoreN) ||
              (is_mismatched_access() || st->as_Store()->is_mismatched_access()),
              "no mismatched stores, except on raw memory: %s %s", NodeClassNames[Opcode()], NodeClassNames[st->Opcode()]);
 
@@ -3691,14 +3968,14 @@ Node* StoreNode::Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) {
   // Store of zero anywhere into a freshly-allocated object?
   // Then the store is useless.
   // (It must already have been captured by the InitializeNode.)
-  if (result == this &&
-      ReduceFieldZeroing && phase->type(val)->is_zero_type()) {
+  if (result == this && ReduceFieldZeroing) {
     // a newly allocated object is already all-zeroes everywhere
-    if (mem->is_Proj() && mem->in(0)->is_Allocate()) {
+    if (mem->is_Proj() && mem->in(0)->is_Allocate() &&
+        (phase->type(val)->is_zero_type() || mem->in(0)->in(AllocateNode::InitValue) == val)) {
       result = mem;
     }
 
-    if (result == this) {
+    if (result == this && phase->type(val)->is_zero_type()) {
       // the store may also apply to zero-bits in an earlier object
       Node* prev_mem = find_previous_store(phase);
       // Steps (a), (b):  Walk past independent stores to find an exact match.
@@ -4231,7 +4508,7 @@ Node *ClearArrayNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
   // Length too long; communicate this to matchers and assemblers.
   // Assemblers are responsible to produce fast hardware clears for it.
   if (size > InitArrayShortSize) {
-    return new ClearArrayNode(in(0), in(1), in(2), in(3), true);
+    return new ClearArrayNode(in(0), in(1), in(2), in(3), in(4), true);
   } else if (size > 2 && Matcher::match_rule_supported_vector(Op_ClearArray, 4, T_LONG)) {
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -4249,14 +4526,14 @@ Node *ClearArrayNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
   if( adr->Opcode() != Op_AddP ) Unimplemented();
   Node *base = adr->in(1);
 
-  Node *zero = phase->makecon(TypeLong::ZERO);
+  Node *val = in(4);
   Node *off  = phase->MakeConX(BytesPerLong);
-  mem = new StoreLNode(in(0),mem,adr,atp,zero,MemNode::unordered,false);
+  mem = new StoreLNode(in(0), mem, adr, atp, val, MemNode::unordered, false);
   count--;
   while (count--) {
     mem = phase->transform(mem);
-    adr = phase->transform(AddPNode::make_with_base(base, adr, off));
-    mem = new StoreLNode(in(0), mem, adr, atp, zero, MemNode::unordered, false);
+    adr = phase->transform(AddPNode::make_with_base(base,adr,off));
+    mem = new StoreLNode(in(0), mem, adr, atp, val, MemNode::unordered, false);
   }
   return mem;
 }
@@ -4299,6 +4576,8 @@ Node* ClearArrayNode::make_address(Node* dest, Node* offset, bool raw_base, Phas
 //----------------------------clear_memory-------------------------------------
 // Generate code to initialize object storage to zero.
 Node* ClearArrayNode::clear_memory(Node* ctl, Node* mem, Node* dest,
+                                   Node* val,
+                                   Node* raw_val,
                                    intptr_t start_offset,
                                    Node* end_offset,
                                    bool raw_base,
@@ -4309,17 +4588,24 @@ Node* ClearArrayNode::clear_memory(Node* ctl, Node* mem, Node* dest,
   if ((offset % unit) != 0) {
     Node* adr = make_address(dest, phase->MakeConX(offset), raw_base, phase);
     const TypePtr* atp = TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM;
-    mem = StoreNode::make(*phase, ctl, mem, adr, atp, phase->zerocon(T_INT), T_INT, MemNode::unordered);
+    if (val != nullptr) {
+      assert(phase->type(val)->isa_narrowoop(), "should be narrow oop");
+      mem = new StoreNNode(ctl, mem, adr, atp, val, MemNode::unordered);
+    } else {
+      assert(raw_val == nullptr, "val may not be null");
+      mem = StoreNode::make(*phase, ctl, mem, adr, atp, phase->zerocon(T_INT), T_INT, MemNode::unordered);
+    }
     mem = phase->transform(mem);
     offset += BytesPerInt;
   }
   assert((offset % unit) == 0, "");
 
   // Initialize the remaining stuff, if any, with a ClearArray.
-  return clear_memory(ctl, mem, dest, phase->MakeConX(offset), end_offset, raw_base, phase);
+  return clear_memory(ctl, mem, dest, raw_val, phase->MakeConX(offset), end_offset, raw_base, phase);
 }
 
 Node* ClearArrayNode::clear_memory(Node* ctl, Node* mem, Node* dest,
+                                   Node* raw_val,
                                    Node* start_offset,
                                    Node* end_offset,
                                    bool raw_base,
@@ -4343,11 +4629,16 @@ Node* ClearArrayNode::clear_memory(Node* ctl, Node* mem, Node* dest,
   // Bulk clear double-words
   Node* zsize = phase->transform(new SubXNode(zend, zbase) );
   Node* adr = make_address(dest, start_offset, raw_base, phase);
-  mem = new ClearArrayNode(ctl, mem, zsize, adr, false);
+  if (raw_val == nullptr) {
+    raw_val = phase->MakeConX(0);
+  }
+  mem = new ClearArrayNode(ctl, mem, zsize, adr, raw_val, false);
   return phase->transform(mem);
 }
 
 Node* ClearArrayNode::clear_memory(Node* ctl, Node* mem, Node* dest,
+                                   Node* val,
+                                   Node* raw_val,
                                    intptr_t start_offset,
                                    intptr_t end_offset,
                                    bool raw_base,
@@ -4363,13 +4654,19 @@ Node* ClearArrayNode::clear_memory(Node* ctl, Node* mem, Node* dest,
     done_offset -= BytesPerInt;
   }
   if (done_offset > start_offset) {
-    mem = clear_memory(ctl, mem, dest,
+    mem = clear_memory(ctl, mem, dest, val, raw_val,
                        start_offset, phase->MakeConX(done_offset), raw_base, phase);
   }
   if (done_offset < end_offset) { // emit the final 32-bit store
     Node* adr = make_address(dest, phase->MakeConX(done_offset), raw_base, phase);
     const TypePtr* atp = TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM;
-    mem = StoreNode::make(*phase, ctl, mem, adr, atp, phase->zerocon(T_INT), T_INT, MemNode::unordered);
+    if (val != nullptr) {
+      assert(phase->type(val)->isa_narrowoop(), "should be narrow oop");
+      mem = new StoreNNode(ctl, mem, adr, atp, val, MemNode::unordered);
+    } else {
+      assert(raw_val == nullptr, "val may not be null");
+      mem = StoreNode::make(*phase, ctl, mem, adr, atp, phase->zerocon(T_INT), T_INT, MemNode::unordered);
+    }
     mem = phase->transform(mem);
     done_offset += BytesPerInt;
   }
@@ -4518,7 +4815,7 @@ const Type* MemBarNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
 
 //------------------------------match------------------------------------------
 // Construct projections for memory.
-Node *MemBarNode::match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m ) {
+Node *MemBarNode::match(const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m, const RegMask* mask) {
   switch (proj->_con) {
   case TypeFunc::Control:
   case TypeFunc::Memory:
@@ -4805,7 +5102,9 @@ void InitializeNode::set_complete(PhaseGVN* phase) {
 // return false if the init contains any stores already
 bool AllocateNode::maybe_set_complete(PhaseGVN* phase) {
   InitializeNode* init = initialization();
-  if (init == nullptr || init->is_complete())  return false;
+  if (init == nullptr || init->is_complete()) {
+    return false;
+  }
   init->remove_extra_zeroes();
   // for now, if this allocation has already collected any inits, bail:
   if (init->is_non_zero())  return false;
@@ -4989,6 +5288,12 @@ intptr_t InitializeNode::can_capture_store(StoreNode* st, PhaseGVN* phase, bool
                 // the store control then we cannot capture the store.
                 assert(!n->is_Store(), "2 stores to same slice on same control?");
                 Node* base = other_adr;
+                if (base->is_Phi()) {
+                  // In rare case, base may be a PhiNode and it may read
+                  // the same memory slice between InitializeNode and store.
+                  failed = true;
+                  break;
+                }
                 assert(base->is_AddP(), "should be addp but is %s", base->Name());
                 base = base->in(AddPNode::Base);
                 if (base != nullptr) {
@@ -5574,6 +5879,8 @@ Node* InitializeNode::complete_stores(Node* rawctl, Node* rawmem, Node* rawptr,
         // Do some incremental zeroing on rawmem, in parallel with inits.
         zeroes_done = align_down(zeroes_done, BytesPerInt);
         rawmem = ClearArrayNode::clear_memory(rawctl, rawmem, rawptr,
+                                              allocation()->in(AllocateNode::InitValue),
+                                              allocation()->in(AllocateNode::RawInitValue),
                                               zeroes_done, zeroes_needed,
                                               true,
                                               phase);
@@ -5634,6 +5941,8 @@ Node* InitializeNode::complete_stores(Node* rawctl, Node* rawmem, Node* rawptr,
     }
     if (zeroes_done < size_limit) {
       rawmem = ClearArrayNode::clear_memory(rawctl, rawmem, rawptr,
+                                            allocation()->in(AllocateNode::InitValue),
+                                            allocation()->in(AllocateNode::RawInitValue),
                                             zeroes_done, size_in_bytes, true, phase);
     }
   }
@@ -5871,6 +6180,11 @@ Node* MergeMemNode::Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) {
 //------------------------------Ideal------------------------------------------
 // This method is invoked recursively on chains of MergeMem nodes
 Node *MergeMemNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
+  if (Identity(phase) != this) {
+    // Let Identity handle this case
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
   // Remove chain'd MergeMems
   //
   // This is delicate, because the each "in(i)" (i >= Raw) is interpreted
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp
index 77252520324..ee60e7fefaa 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp
@@ -129,6 +129,10 @@ class MemNode : public Node {
     return DEBUG_ONLY(_adr_type) NOT_DEBUG(nullptr);
   }
 
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  void set_adr_type(const TypePtr* adr_type) { _adr_type = adr_type; }
+#endif
+
   // Return the barrier data of n, if available, or 0 otherwise.
   static uint8_t barrier_data(const Node* n);
 
@@ -568,6 +572,7 @@ class LoadNNode : public LoadNode {
 public:
   LoadNNode(Node *c, Node *mem, Node *adr, const TypePtr *at, const Type* t, MemOrd mo, ControlDependency control_dependency = DependsOnlyOnTest)
     : LoadNode(c, mem, adr, at, t, mo, control_dependency) {}
+  virtual Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape);
   virtual int Opcode() const;
   virtual uint ideal_reg() const { return Op_RegN; }
   virtual int store_Opcode() const { return Op_StoreN; }
@@ -615,7 +620,6 @@ class LoadNKlassNode : public LoadNNode {
   virtual Node* Identity(PhaseGVN* phase);
 };
 
-
 //------------------------------StoreNode--------------------------------------
 // Store value; requires Store, Address and Value
 class StoreNode : public MemNode {
@@ -771,6 +775,25 @@ class StoreLNode : public StoreNode {
 #endif
 };
 
+// Special StoreL for flat stores that emits GC barriers for field at 'oop_off' in the backend
+class StoreLSpecialNode : public StoreNode {
+
+public:
+  StoreLSpecialNode(Node* c, Node* mem, Node* adr, const TypePtr* at, Node* val, Node* oop_off, MemOrd mo)
+    : StoreNode(c, mem, adr, at, val, mo) {
+    set_mismatched_access();
+    if (oop_off != nullptr) {
+      add_req(oop_off);
+    }
+  }
+  virtual int Opcode() const;
+  virtual BasicType value_basic_type() const { return T_LONG; }
+
+  virtual uint match_edge(uint idx) const { return idx == MemNode::Address ||
+                                                   idx == MemNode::ValueIn ||
+                                                   idx == MemNode::ValueIn + 1; }
+};
+
 //------------------------------StoreFNode-------------------------------------
 // Store float to memory
 class StoreFNode : public StoreNode {
@@ -1129,10 +1152,12 @@ class GetAndSetNNode : public LoadStoreNode {
 class ClearArrayNode: public Node {
 private:
   bool _is_large;
+  bool _word_copy_only;
   static Node* make_address(Node* dest, Node* offset, bool raw_base, PhaseGVN* phase);
 public:
-  ClearArrayNode( Node *ctrl, Node *arymem, Node *word_cnt, Node *base, bool is_large)
-    : Node(ctrl,arymem,word_cnt,base), _is_large(is_large) {
+  ClearArrayNode( Node *ctrl, Node *arymem, Node *word_cnt, Node *base, Node* val, bool is_large)
+    : Node(ctrl, arymem, word_cnt, base, val), _is_large(is_large),
+      _word_copy_only(val->bottom_type()->isa_long() && (!val->bottom_type()->is_long()->is_con() || val->bottom_type()->is_long()->get_con() != 0)) {
     init_class_id(Class_ClearArray);
   }
   virtual int         Opcode() const;
@@ -1144,6 +1169,7 @@ class ClearArrayNode: public Node {
   virtual Node *Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape);
   virtual uint match_edge(uint idx) const;
   bool is_large() const { return _is_large; }
+  bool word_copy_only() const { return _word_copy_only; }
   virtual uint size_of() const { return sizeof(ClearArrayNode); }
   virtual uint hash() const { return Node::hash() + _is_large; }
   virtual bool cmp(const Node& n) const {
@@ -1155,16 +1181,21 @@ class ClearArrayNode: public Node {
   // The end offset must always be aligned mod BytesPerLong.
   // Return the new memory.
   static Node* clear_memory(Node* control, Node* mem, Node* dest,
+                            Node* val,
+                            Node* raw_val,
                             intptr_t start_offset,
                             intptr_t end_offset,
                             bool raw_base,
                             PhaseGVN* phase);
   static Node* clear_memory(Node* control, Node* mem, Node* dest,
+                            Node* val,
+                            Node* raw_val,
                             intptr_t start_offset,
                             Node* end_offset,
                             bool raw_base,
                             PhaseGVN* phase);
   static Node* clear_memory(Node* control, Node* mem, Node* dest,
+                            Node* raw_val,
                             Node* start_offset,
                             Node* end_offset,
                             bool raw_base,
@@ -1220,7 +1251,7 @@ class MemBarNode: public MultiNode {
   virtual Node *Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape);
   virtual uint match_edge(uint idx) const { return 0; }
   virtual const Type *bottom_type() const { return TypeTuple::MEMBAR; }
-  virtual Node *match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m );
+  virtual Node *match(const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m, const RegMask* mask);
   // Factory method.  Builds a wide or narrow membar.
   // Optional 'precedent' becomes an extra edge if not null.
   static MemBarNode* make(Compile* C, int opcode,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.cpp
index eb24e31eee2..d17dde24305 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.cpp
@@ -626,7 +626,7 @@ UMulHiLoLNode* UMulHiLoLNode::make(Node* umul_hi) {
   return umul_hi_lo;
 }
 
-Node* MulHiLoLNode::match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* match) {
+Node* MulHiLoLNode::match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* match, const RegMask*) {
   uint ideal_reg = proj->ideal_reg();
   RegMask rm;
   if (proj->_con == first_proj_num) {
@@ -868,6 +868,47 @@ Node *AndLNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
     }
   }
 
+  // Search for GraphKit::mark_word_test patterns and fold the test if the result is statically known
+  Node* load1 = in(1);
+  Node* load2 = nullptr;
+  if (load1->is_Phi() && phase->type(load1)->isa_long()) {
+    load1 = in(1)->in(1);
+    load2 = in(1)->in(2);
+  }
+  if (load1 != nullptr && load1->is_Load() && phase->type(load1)->isa_long() &&
+      (load2 == nullptr || (load2->is_Load() && phase->type(load2)->isa_long()))) {
+    const TypePtr* adr_t1 = phase->type(load1->in(MemNode::Address))->isa_ptr();
+    const TypePtr* adr_t2 = (load2 != nullptr) ? phase->type(load2->in(MemNode::Address))->isa_ptr() : nullptr;
+    if (adr_t1 != nullptr && adr_t1->offset() == oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes() &&
+        (load2 == nullptr || (adr_t2 != nullptr && adr_t2->offset() == in_bytes(Klass::prototype_header_offset())))) {
+      if (mask == markWord::inline_type_pattern) {
+        if (adr_t1->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+          set_req_X(1, in(2), phase);
+          return this;
+        } else if (!adr_t1->can_be_inline_type()) {
+          set_req_X(1, phase->longcon(0), phase);
+          return this;
+        }
+      } else if (mask == markWord::null_free_array_bit_in_place) {
+        if (adr_t1->is_null_free()) {
+          set_req_X(1, in(2), phase);
+          return this;
+        } else if (adr_t1->is_not_null_free()) {
+          set_req_X(1, phase->longcon(0), phase);
+          return this;
+        }
+      } else if (mask == markWord::flat_array_bit_in_place) {
+        if (adr_t1->is_flat()) {
+          set_req_X(1, in(2), phase);
+          return this;
+        } else if (adr_t1->is_not_flat()) {
+          set_req_X(1, phase->longcon(0), phase);
+          return this;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   return MulNode::Ideal(phase, can_reshape);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.hpp
index f26137dfe49..6faa7222342 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.hpp
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ class MulHiLoLNode : public BinaryMultiNode {
   virtual int Opcode() const;
   virtual const Type* bottom_type() const { return TypeTuple::LONG_PAIR; }
 
-  virtual Node* match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* m);
+  virtual Node* match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* m, const RegMask* mask);
 
   static MulHiLoLNode* make(Node* mul_hi);
 };
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/multnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/multnode.cpp
index 941304e1f6d..fb6fc99f57b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/multnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/multnode.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 
 #include "opto/callnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/cfgnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/matcher.hpp"
 #include "opto/mathexactnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/multnode.hpp"
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ const RegMask &MultiNode::out_RegMask() const {
   return RegMask::EMPTY;
 }
 
-Node *MultiNode::match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m ) { return proj->clone(); }
+Node *MultiNode::match(const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m, const RegMask* mask) { return proj->clone(); }
 
 //------------------------------proj_out---------------------------------------
 // Get a named projection or null if not found
@@ -130,11 +131,17 @@ const Type* ProjNode::proj_type(const Type* t) const {
     return Type::BOTTOM;
   }
   t = t->is_tuple()->field_at(_con);
-  Node* n = in(0);
-  if ((_con == TypeFunc::Parms) &&
-      n->is_CallStaticJava() && n->as_CallStaticJava()->is_boxing_method()) {
+  CallStaticJavaNode* call = in(0)->isa_CallStaticJava();
+  if (call != nullptr && call->is_boxing_method()) {
     // The result of autoboxing is always non-null on normal path.
-    t = t->join_speculative(TypePtr::NOTNULL);
+    if (call->tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields()) {
+      // Last returned value is the null marker
+      if (_con == call->tf()->range_cc()->cnt() - 1) {
+        t = TypeInt::ONE;
+      }
+    } else if (_con == TypeFunc::Parms) {
+      t = t->join_speculative(TypePtr::NOTNULL);
+    }
   }
   return t;
 }
@@ -152,7 +159,10 @@ const TypePtr *ProjNode::adr_type() const {
       // Jumping over Tuples: the i-th projection of a Tuple is the i-th input of the Tuple.
       ctrl = ctrl->in(_con);
     }
-    if (ctrl == nullptr)  return nullptr; // node is dead
+    // node is dead or we are in the process of removing a dead subgraph
+    if (ctrl == nullptr || ctrl->is_top()) {
+      return nullptr;
+    }
     const TypePtr* adr_type = ctrl->adr_type();
     #ifdef ASSERT
     if (!VMError::is_error_reported() && !Node::in_dump())
@@ -201,6 +211,36 @@ Node* ProjNode::Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) {
     // Jumping over Tuples: the i-th projection of a Tuple is the i-th input of the Tuple.
     return in(0)->in(_con);
   }
+
+  CallStaticJavaNode* call = in(0)->isa_CallStaticJava();
+  if (call != nullptr) {
+    if (call->is_boxing_method() && call->method()->return_type()->is_inlinetype()) {
+      // Boxing (for example, via Integer.valueOf(int))
+      if (call->tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields()) {
+        if (_con == TypeFunc::Parms) {
+          // Oop projection: Keep it to avoid re-buffering. If unused,
+          // it will go away and enable removal of the boxing call.
+          return this;
+        } else if (_con == TypeFunc::Parms + 1) {
+          // Field projection: Use unboxed input value
+          return call->in(TypeFunc::Parms);
+        }
+        // The null marker projection is removed by ProjNode::proj_type.
+      }
+    } else if (call->is_unboxing_method() && _con == TypeFunc::Parms) {
+      // Unboxing (for example, via Integer.intValue())
+      // Use field value of boxed input value object
+      if (call->method()->has_scalarized_args()) {
+        return call->in(TypeFunc::Parms + 1);
+      } else {
+        Node* arg = call->in(TypeFunc::Parms);
+        if (arg->is_InlineType()) {
+          assert(!phase->type(arg)->maybe_null(), "missing receiver null check?");
+          return arg->as_InlineType()->field_value(0);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
   return this;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/multnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/multnode.hpp
index 6a69eafb7ed..5465222c939 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/multnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/multnode.hpp
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ class MultiNode : public Node {
   virtual bool       is_CFG() const { return true; }
   virtual uint hash() const { return NO_HASH; }  // CFG nodes do not hash
   virtual const RegMask &out_RegMask() const;
-  virtual Node *match( const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m );
+  virtual Node *match(const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m, const RegMask* mask);
   virtual uint ideal_reg() const { return NotAMachineReg; }
   ProjNode* proj_out(uint which_proj) const; // Get a named projection
   ProjNode* proj_out_or_null(uint which_proj) const;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/narrowptrnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/narrowptrnode.cpp
index 8b91bfaa944..8fd944b3d87 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/narrowptrnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/narrowptrnode.cpp
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ const Type* DecodeNNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
   if (t == Type::TOP) return Type::TOP;
   if (t == TypeNarrowOop::NULL_PTR) return TypePtr::NULL_PTR;
 
-  assert(t->isa_narrowoop(), "only  narrowoop here");
+  assert(t->isa_narrowoop(), "only narrowoop here");
   return t->make_ptr();
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp
index 726a3ea1b55..be86ea3df12 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.cpp
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "opto/castnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/cfgnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/connode.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/loopnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/machnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/matcher.hpp"
@@ -575,6 +576,12 @@ Node *Node::clone() const {
     n->as_SafePoint()->clone_jvms(C);
     n->as_SafePoint()->clone_replaced_nodes();
   }
+  if (n->is_InlineType()) {
+    C->add_inline_type(n);
+  }
+  if (n->is_LoadFlat() || n->is_StoreFlat()) {
+    C->add_flat_access(n);
+  }
   Compile::current()->record_modified_node(n);
   return n;                     // Return the clone
 }
@@ -638,6 +645,9 @@ void Node::destruct(PhaseValues* phase) {
   if (for_post_loop_opts_igvn()) {
     compile->remove_from_post_loop_opts_igvn(this);
   }
+  if (is_InlineType()) {
+    compile->remove_inline_type(this);
+  }
   if (for_merge_stores_igvn()) {
     compile->remove_from_merge_stores_igvn(this);
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp
index b3de7498e50..be3f5b60460 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/node.hpp
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ class EncodePNode;
 class EncodePKlassNode;
 class FastLockNode;
 class FastUnlockNode;
+class FlatArrayCheckNode;
 class HaltNode;
 class IfNode;
 class IfProjNode;
@@ -119,12 +120,14 @@ class MachJumpNode;
 class MachNode;
 class MachNullCheckNode;
 class MachProjNode;
+class MachPrologNode;
 class MachReturnNode;
 class MachSafePointNode;
 class MachSpillCopyNode;
 class MachTempNode;
 class MachMergeNode;
 class MachMemBarNode;
+class MachVEPNode;
 class Matcher;
 class MemBarNode;
 class MemBarStoreStoreNode;
@@ -185,6 +188,9 @@ class SubTypeCheckNode;
 class Type;
 class TypeNode;
 class UnlockNode;
+class InlineTypeNode;
+class LoadFlatNode;
+class StoreFlatNode;
 class VectorNode;
 class LoadVectorNode;
 class LoadVectorMaskedNode;
@@ -694,6 +700,8 @@ class Node {
             DEFINE_CLASS_ID(Lock,             AbstractLock, 0)
             DEFINE_CLASS_ID(Unlock,           AbstractLock, 1)
           DEFINE_CLASS_ID(ArrayCopy,        Call, 4)
+        DEFINE_CLASS_ID(LoadFlat,  SafePoint, 1)
+        DEFINE_CLASS_ID(StoreFlat, SafePoint, 2)
       DEFINE_CLASS_ID(MultiBranch, Multi, 1)
         DEFINE_CLASS_ID(PCTable,     MultiBranch, 0)
           DEFINE_CLASS_ID(Catch,       PCTable, 0)
@@ -710,6 +718,7 @@ class Node {
       DEFINE_CLASS_ID(MemBar,      Multi, 3)
         DEFINE_CLASS_ID(Initialize,       MemBar, 0)
         DEFINE_CLASS_ID(MemBarStoreStore, MemBar, 1)
+      DEFINE_CLASS_ID(Blackhole,   Multi, 4)
 
     DEFINE_CLASS_ID(Mach,  Node, 1)
       DEFINE_CLASS_ID(MachReturn, Mach, 0)
@@ -731,6 +740,8 @@ class Node {
         DEFINE_CLASS_ID(MachJump,       MachConstant, 0)
       DEFINE_CLASS_ID(MachMerge,        Mach, 6)
       DEFINE_CLASS_ID(MachMemBar,       Mach, 7)
+      DEFINE_CLASS_ID(MachProlog,       Mach, 8)
+      DEFINE_CLASS_ID(MachVEP,          Mach, 9)
 
     DEFINE_CLASS_ID(Type,  Node, 2)
       DEFINE_CLASS_ID(Phi,   Type, 0)
@@ -763,10 +774,11 @@ class Node {
         DEFINE_CLASS_ID(NegV, Vector, 8)
         DEFINE_CLASS_ID(SaturatingVector, Vector, 9)
         DEFINE_CLASS_ID(MulVL, Vector, 10)
-      DEFINE_CLASS_ID(Con, Type, 8)
+      DEFINE_CLASS_ID(InlineType, Type, 8)
+      DEFINE_CLASS_ID(Con, Type, 9)
           DEFINE_CLASS_ID(ConI, Con, 0)
-      DEFINE_CLASS_ID(SafePointScalarMerge, Type, 9)
-      DEFINE_CLASS_ID(Convert, Type, 10)
+      DEFINE_CLASS_ID(SafePointScalarMerge, Type, 10)
+      DEFINE_CLASS_ID(Convert, Type, 11)
 
 
     DEFINE_CLASS_ID(Proj,  Node, 3)
@@ -805,9 +817,10 @@ class Node {
 
     DEFINE_CLASS_ID(Sub,   Node, 6)
       DEFINE_CLASS_ID(Cmp,   Sub, 0)
-        DEFINE_CLASS_ID(FastLock,   Cmp, 0)
-        DEFINE_CLASS_ID(FastUnlock, Cmp, 1)
-        DEFINE_CLASS_ID(SubTypeCheck,Cmp, 2)
+        DEFINE_CLASS_ID(FastLock,       Cmp, 0)
+        DEFINE_CLASS_ID(FastUnlock,     Cmp, 1)
+        DEFINE_CLASS_ID(SubTypeCheck,   Cmp, 2)
+        DEFINE_CLASS_ID(FlatArrayCheck, Cmp, 3)
 
     DEFINE_CLASS_ID(MergeMem, Node, 7)
     DEFINE_CLASS_ID(Bool,     Node, 8)
@@ -919,6 +932,7 @@ class Node {
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(ArrayCopy)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(BaseCountedLoop)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(BaseCountedLoopEnd)
+  DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(Blackhole)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(Bool)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(BoxLock)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(Call)
@@ -952,6 +966,7 @@ class Node {
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(EncodePKlass)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(FastLock)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(FastUnlock)
+  DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(FlatArrayCheck)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(Halt)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(If)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(RangeCheck)
@@ -984,12 +999,14 @@ class Node {
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(MachJump)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(MachNullCheck)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(MachProj)
+  DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(MachProlog)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(MachReturn)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(MachSafePoint)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(MachSpillCopy)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(MachTemp)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(MachMemBar)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(MachMerge)
+  DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(MachVEP)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(Mem)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(MemBar)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(MemBarStoreStore)
@@ -1030,6 +1047,9 @@ class Node {
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(Sub)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(SubTypeCheck)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(Type)
+  DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(InlineType)
+  DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(LoadFlat)
+  DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(StoreFlat)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(Vector)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(VectorMaskCmp)
   DEFINE_CLASS_QUERY(VectorUnbox)
@@ -1330,10 +1350,12 @@ class Node {
 
   // Visit boundary uses of the node and apply a callback function for each.
   // Recursively traverse uses, stopping and applying the callback when
-  // reaching a boundary node, defined by is_boundary. Note: the function
-  // definition appears after the complete type definition of Node_List.
+  // reaching a boundary node, defined by is_boundary. If callback_on_all is true,
+  // it applies the callback on all the nodes seen, and not only on the boundary
+  // nodes. Note: the function definition appears after the complete type
+  // definition of Node_List.
   template <typename Callback, typename Check>
-  void visit_uses(Callback callback, Check is_boundary) const;
+  void visit_uses(Callback callback, Check is_boundary, bool always_callback = false) const;
 
   //----------------- Code Generation
 
@@ -1850,7 +1872,7 @@ class Node_List : public Node_Array {
 
 // Definition must appear after complete type definition of Node_List
 template <typename Callback, typename Check>
-void Node::visit_uses(Callback callback, Check is_boundary) const {
+void Node::visit_uses(Callback callback, Check is_boundary, bool always_callback) const {
   ResourceMark rm;
   VectorSet visited;
   Node_List worklist;
@@ -1863,10 +1885,11 @@ void Node::visit_uses(Callback callback, Check is_boundary) const {
 
   while (worklist.size() > 0) {
     Node* use = worklist.pop();
-    // Apply callback on boundary nodes
-    if (is_boundary(use)) {
+    bool boundary = is_boundary(use);
+    if (boundary || always_callback) {
       callback(use);
-    } else {
+    }
+    if (!boundary) {
       // Not a boundary node, continue search
       for (DUIterator_Fast kmax, k = use->fast_outs(kmax); k < kmax; k++) {
         Node* out = use->fast_out(k);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/output.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/output.cpp
index a70620fac5b..a373c98666c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/output.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/output.cpp
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "compiler/oopMap.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/c2/barrierSetC2.hpp"
+#include "gc/shared/gc_globals.hpp"
 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
 #include "opto/ad.hpp"
 #include "opto/block.hpp"
@@ -222,15 +223,12 @@ PhaseOutput::PhaseOutput()
     _code_offsets(),
     _node_bundling_limit(0),
     _node_bundling_base(nullptr),
-    _orig_pc_slot(0),
     _orig_pc_slot_offset_in_bytes(0),
     _buf_sizes(),
     _block(nullptr),
     _index(0) {
   C->set_output(this);
-  if (C->stub_name() == nullptr) {
-    _orig_pc_slot = C->fixed_slots() - (sizeof(address) / VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size);
-  }
+
 }
 
 PhaseOutput::~PhaseOutput() {
@@ -270,24 +268,34 @@ void PhaseOutput::Output() {
   const StartNode *start = entry->head()->as_Start();
 
   // Replace StartNode with prolog
-  MachPrologNode *prolog = new MachPrologNode();
+  Label verified_entry;
+  MachPrologNode* prolog = new MachPrologNode(&verified_entry);
   entry->map_node(prolog, 0);
   C->cfg()->map_node_to_block(prolog, entry);
   C->cfg()->unmap_node_from_block(start); // start is no longer in any block
 
   // Virtual methods need an unverified entry point
-
-  if( C->is_osr_compilation() ) {
-    if( PoisonOSREntry ) {
+  if (C->is_osr_compilation()) {
+    if (PoisonOSREntry) {
       // TODO: Should use a ShouldNotReachHereNode...
       C->cfg()->insert( broot, 0, new MachBreakpointNode() );
     }
   } else {
-    if( C->method() && !C->method()->flags().is_static() ) {
-      // Insert unvalidated entry point
-      C->cfg()->insert( broot, 0, new MachUEPNode() );
+    if (C->method()) {
+      if (C->method()->has_scalarized_args()) {
+        // Add entry point to unpack all inline type arguments
+        C->cfg()->insert(broot, 0, new MachVEPNode(&verified_entry, /* verified */ true, /* receiver_only */ false));
+        if (!C->method()->is_static()) {
+          // Add verified/unverified entry points to only unpack inline type receiver at interface calls
+          C->cfg()->insert(broot, 0, new MachVEPNode(&verified_entry, /* verified */ false, /* receiver_only */ false));
+          C->cfg()->insert(broot, 0, new MachVEPNode(&verified_entry, /* verified */ true,  /* receiver_only */ true));
+          C->cfg()->insert(broot, 0, new MachVEPNode(&verified_entry, /* verified */ false, /* receiver_only */ true));
+        }
+      } else if (!C->method()->is_static()) {
+        // Insert unvalidated entry point
+        C->cfg()->insert(broot, 0, new MachUEPNode());
+      }
     }
-
   }
 
   // Break before main entry point
@@ -327,6 +335,31 @@ void PhaseOutput::Output() {
   blk_starts[0] = 0;
   shorten_branches(blk_starts);
 
+  if (!C->is_osr_compilation() && C->has_scalarized_args()) {
+    // Compute the offsets of the entry points required by the inline type calling convention
+    if (!C->method()->is_static()) {
+      // We have entries at the beginning of the method, implemented by the first 4 nodes.
+      // Entry                     (unverified) @ offset 0
+      // Verified_Inline_Entry_RO
+      // Inline_Entry              (unverified)
+      // Verified_Inline_Entry
+      uint offset = 0;
+      _code_offsets.set_value(CodeOffsets::Entry, offset);
+
+      offset += ((MachVEPNode*)broot->get_node(0))->size(C->regalloc());
+      _code_offsets.set_value(CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry_RO, offset);
+
+      offset += ((MachVEPNode*)broot->get_node(1))->size(C->regalloc());
+      _code_offsets.set_value(CodeOffsets::Inline_Entry, offset);
+
+      offset += ((MachVEPNode*)broot->get_node(2))->size(C->regalloc());
+      _code_offsets.set_value(CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry, offset);
+    } else {
+      _code_offsets.set_value(CodeOffsets::Entry, CodeOffsets::no_such_entry_point); // will be patched later
+      _code_offsets.set_value(CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry, 0);
+    }
+  }
+
   ScheduleAndBundle();
   if (C->failing()) {
     return;
@@ -348,6 +381,11 @@ void PhaseOutput::Output() {
 
   C2_MacroAssembler masm(cb);
   fill_buffer(&masm, blk_starts);
+  if (C->failing()) {
+    // If we bailed out during matching, not all nodes were visited and the
+    // label might be in inconsistent state (used but not bound). Reset it.
+    verified_entry.reset();
+  }
 }
 
 bool PhaseOutput::need_stack_bang(int frame_size_in_bytes) const {
@@ -479,7 +517,9 @@ void PhaseOutput::shorten_branches(uint* blk_starts) {
           MachCallNode *mcall = mach->as_MachCall();
           // This destination address is NOT PC-relative
 
-          mcall->method_set((intptr_t)mcall->entry_point());
+          if (mcall->entry_point() != nullptr) {
+            mcall->method_set((intptr_t)mcall->entry_point());
+          }
 
           if (mcall->is_MachCallJava() && mcall->as_MachCallJava()->_method) {
             stub_size  += CompiledDirectCall::to_interp_stub_size();
@@ -734,11 +774,37 @@ void PhaseOutput::FillLocArray( int idx, MachSafePointNode* sfpt, Node *local,
       ciKlass* cik = t->is_oopptr()->exact_klass();
       assert(cik->is_instance_klass() ||
              cik->is_array_klass(), "Not supported allocation.");
+      uint first_ind = spobj->first_index(sfpt->jvms());
+      // Nullable, scalarized inline types have a null_marker input
+      // that needs to be checked before using the field values.
+      ScopeValue* properties = nullptr;
+      if (cik->is_inlinetype()) {
+        Node* null_marker_node = sfpt->in(first_ind++);
+        assert(null_marker_node != nullptr, "null_marker node not found");
+        if (!null_marker_node->is_top()) {
+          const TypeInt* null_marker_type = null_marker_node->bottom_type()->is_int();
+          if (null_marker_node->is_Con()) {
+            properties = new ConstantIntValue(null_marker_type->get_con());
+          } else {
+            OptoReg::Name null_marker_reg = C->regalloc()->get_reg_first(null_marker_node);
+            properties = new_loc_value(C->regalloc(), null_marker_reg, Location::normal);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      if (cik->is_array_klass() && !cik->is_type_array_klass()) {
+        ciArrayKlass* ciak = cik->as_array_klass();
+        const bool is_element_inline = ciak->element_klass()->is_inlinetype();
+
+        const ArrayProperties props = ArrayProperties::Default()
+          .with_null_restricted(is_element_inline && ciak->is_elem_null_free())
+          .with_non_atomic(is_element_inline && !ciak->is_elem_atomic());
+
+        properties = new ConstantIntValue((jint)props.value());
+      }
       sv = new ObjectValue(spobj->_idx,
-                           new ConstantOopWriteValue(cik->java_mirror()->constant_encoding()));
+                           new ConstantOopWriteValue(cik->java_mirror()->constant_encoding()), true, properties);
       set_sv_for_object_node(objs, sv);
 
-      uint first_ind = spobj->first_index(sfpt->jvms());
       for (uint i = 0; i < spobj->n_fields(); i++) {
         Node* fld_node = sfpt->in(first_ind+i);
         (void)FillLocArray(sv->field_values()->length(), sfpt, fld_node, sv->field_values(), objs);
@@ -984,6 +1050,7 @@ void PhaseOutput::Process_OopMap_Node(MachNode *mach, int current_offset) {
 
   int safepoint_pc_offset = current_offset;
   bool return_oop = false;
+  bool return_scalarized = false;
   bool has_ea_local_in_scope = sfn->_has_ea_local_in_scope;
   bool arg_escape = false;
 
@@ -999,9 +1066,12 @@ void PhaseOutput::Process_OopMap_Node(MachNode *mach, int current_offset) {
     }
 
     // Check if a call returns an object.
-    if (mcall->returns_pointer()) {
+    if (mcall->returns_pointer() || mcall->returns_scalarized()) {
       return_oop = true;
     }
+    if (mcall->returns_scalarized()) {
+      return_scalarized = true;
+    }
     safepoint_pc_offset += mcall->ret_addr_offset();
     C->debug_info()->add_safepoint(safepoint_pc_offset, mcall->_oop_map);
   }
@@ -1070,8 +1140,20 @@ void PhaseOutput::Process_OopMap_Node(MachNode *mach, int current_offset) {
           ciKlass* cik = t->is_oopptr()->exact_klass();
           assert(cik->is_instance_klass() ||
                  cik->is_array_klass(), "Not supported allocation.");
+          assert(!cik->is_inlinetype(), "Synchronization on value object?");
+          ScopeValue* properties = nullptr;
+          if (cik->is_array_klass() && !cik->is_type_array_klass()) {
+            ciArrayKlass* ciak = cik->as_array_klass();
+            const bool is_element_inline = ciak->element_klass()->is_inlinetype();
+
+            const ArrayProperties props = ArrayProperties::Default()
+              .with_null_restricted(is_element_inline && ciak->is_elem_null_free())
+              .with_non_atomic(is_element_inline && !ciak->is_elem_atomic());
+
+            properties = new ConstantIntValue((jint)props.value());
+          }
           ObjectValue* sv = new ObjectValue(spobj->_idx,
-                                            new ConstantOopWriteValue(cik->java_mirror()->constant_encoding()));
+                                            new ConstantOopWriteValue(cik->java_mirror()->constant_encoding()), true, properties);
           PhaseOutput::set_sv_for_object_node(objs, sv);
 
           uint first_ind = spobj->first_index(youngest_jvms);
@@ -1178,6 +1260,7 @@ void PhaseOutput::Process_OopMap_Node(MachNode *mach, int current_offset) {
       jvms->should_reexecute(),
       rethrow_exception,
       return_oop,
+      return_scalarized,
       has_ea_local_in_scope,
       arg_escape,
       locvals,
@@ -1286,7 +1369,16 @@ void PhaseOutput::estimate_buffer_size(int& const_req) {
 
   // Compute the byte offset where we can store the deopt pc.
   if (C->fixed_slots() != 0) {
-    _orig_pc_slot_offset_in_bytes = C->regalloc()->reg2offset(OptoReg::stack2reg(_orig_pc_slot));
+    // Skip other fixed slots
+    int current_slot = C->fixed_slots();
+    if (C->needs_stack_repair()) {
+      current_slot -= VMRegImpl::slots_per_word;
+    }
+    if (C->needs_nm_slot()) {
+      current_slot -= VMRegImpl::slots_per_word;
+    }
+    int orig_pc_slot = current_slot - VMRegImpl::slots_per_word;
+    _orig_pc_slot_offset_in_bytes = C->regalloc()->reg2offset(OptoReg::stack2reg(orig_pc_slot));
   }
 
   // Compute prolog code size
@@ -1531,8 +1623,10 @@ void PhaseOutput::fill_buffer(C2_MacroAssembler* masm, uint* blk_starts) {
         if (is_mcall) {
           MachCallNode *mcall = mach->as_MachCall();
 
-          // This destination address is NOT PC-relative
-          mcall->method_set((intptr_t)mcall->entry_point());
+          if (mcall->entry_point() != nullptr) {
+            // This destination address is NOT PC-relative
+            mcall->method_set((intptr_t)mcall->entry_point());
+          }
 
           // Save the return address
           call_returns[block->_pre_order] = current_offset + mcall->ret_addr_offset();
@@ -1670,7 +1764,6 @@ void PhaseOutput::fill_buffer(C2_MacroAssembler* masm, uint* blk_starts) {
 
       assert(!is_mcall || (call_returns[block->_pre_order] <= (uint)current_offset),
              "ret_addr_offset() not within emitted code");
-
 #ifdef ASSERT
       uint n_size = n->size(C->regalloc());
       if (n_size < (current_offset-instr_offset)) {
@@ -2926,6 +3019,7 @@ void Scheduling::ComputeRegisterAntidependencies(Block *b) {
           break;
         }
       }
+
       // A CheckCastPP whose input is still RawPtr must stay above the following safepoint.
       // Otherwise post-regalloc block-local scheduling can leave a live raw oop at the safepoint.
       if (!need_safept_prec && m->is_Mach() &&
@@ -3086,6 +3180,31 @@ void PhaseOutput::init_scratch_buffer_blob(int const_size) {
     ResourceMark rm;
     _scratch_const_size = const_size;
     int size = C2Compiler::initial_code_buffer_size(const_size);
+    if (C->has_scalarized_args()) {
+      // Inline type entry points (MachVEPNodes) require lots of space for GC barriers and oop verification
+      // when loading object fields from the buffered argument. Increase scratch buffer size accordingly.
+      int barrier_size = 7;
+      DEBUG_ONLY(barrier_size += 37;)
+      if (UseShenandoahGC) {
+        barrier_size += 700;
+      } else if (UseZGC) {
+        barrier_size += 200;
+      }
+      ciMethod* method = C->method();
+      int arg_num = 0;
+      if (!method->is_static()) {
+        if (method->is_scalarized_arg(arg_num)) {
+          size += method->holder()->as_inline_klass()->oop_count() * barrier_size;
+        }
+        arg_num++;
+      }
+      for (ciSignatureStream str(method->signature()); !str.at_return_type(); str.next()) {
+        if (method->is_scalarized_arg(arg_num)) {
+          size += str.type()->as_inline_klass()->oop_count() * barrier_size;
+        }
+        arg_num++;
+      }
+    }
     blob = BufferBlob::create("Compile::scratch_buffer", size);
     // Record the buffer blob for next time.
     set_scratch_buffer_blob(blob);
@@ -3156,8 +3275,10 @@ uint PhaseOutput::scratch_emit_size(const Node* n) {
   // Emitting into the scratch buffer should not fail
   assert(!C->failing_internal() || C->failure_is_artificial(), "Must not have pending failure. Reason is: %s", C->failure_reason());
 
-  if (is_branch) // Restore label.
+  // Restore label.
+  if (is_branch) {
     n->as_MachBranch()->label_set(saveL, save_bnum);
+  }
 
   // End scratch_emit_size section.
   set_in_scratch_emit_size(false);
@@ -3198,31 +3319,34 @@ void PhaseOutput::install_code(ciMethod*         target,
       _code_offsets.set_value(CodeOffsets::Verified_Entry, 0);
       _code_offsets.set_value(CodeOffsets::OSR_Entry, _first_block_size);
     } else {
-      if (!target->is_static()) {
-        // The UEP of an nmethod ensures that the VEP is padded. However, the padding of the UEP is placed
-        // before the inline cache check, so we don't have to execute any nop instructions when dispatching
-        // through the UEP, yet we can ensure that the VEP is aligned appropriately.
-        _code_offsets.set_value(CodeOffsets::Entry, _first_block_size - MacroAssembler::ic_check_size());
-      }
       _code_offsets.set_value(CodeOffsets::Verified_Entry, _first_block_size);
+      if (_code_offsets.value(CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry) == CodeOffsets::no_such_entry_point) {
+        _code_offsets.set_value(CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry, _first_block_size);
+      }
+      if (_code_offsets.value(CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry_RO) == CodeOffsets::no_such_entry_point) {
+        _code_offsets.set_value(CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry_RO, _first_block_size);
+      }
+      if (_code_offsets.value(CodeOffsets::Entry) == CodeOffsets::no_such_entry_point) {
+        _code_offsets.set_value(CodeOffsets::Entry, _first_block_size);
+      }
       _code_offsets.set_value(CodeOffsets::OSR_Entry, 0);
     }
 
     C->env()->register_method(target,
-                                     entry_bci,
-                                     &_code_offsets,
-                                     _orig_pc_slot_offset_in_bytes,
-                                     code_buffer(),
-                                     frame_size_in_words(),
-                                     oop_map_set(),
-                                     &_handler_table,
-                                     inc_table(),
-                                     compiler,
-                                     has_unsafe_access,
-                                     SharedRuntime::is_wide_vector(C->max_vector_size()),
-                                     C->has_monitors(),
-                                     C->has_scoped_access(),
-                                     0);
+                              entry_bci,
+                              &_code_offsets,
+                              _orig_pc_slot_offset_in_bytes,
+                              code_buffer(),
+                              frame_size_in_words(),
+                              _oop_map_set,
+                              &_handler_table,
+                              inc_table(),
+                              compiler,
+                              has_unsafe_access,
+                              SharedRuntime::is_wide_vector(C->max_vector_size()),
+                              C->has_monitors(),
+                              C->has_scoped_access(),
+                              0);
 
     if (C->log() != nullptr) { // Print code cache state into compiler log
       C->log()->code_cache_state();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/output.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/output.hpp
index 5cca59ea0e4..b0d43e31fb0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/output.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/output.hpp
@@ -90,7 +90,6 @@ class PhaseOutput : public Phase {
   Bundle*                _node_bundling_base;    // Information for instruction bundling
 
   // For deopt
-  int                    _orig_pc_slot;
   int                    _orig_pc_slot_offset_in_bytes;
 
   ConstantTable          _constant_table;        // The constant table for this compilation unit.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse.hpp
index 426720b5bba..0a32bee9a07 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse.hpp
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ class Parse : public GraphKit {
   int           _block_count;   // Number of elements in _blocks.
 
   GraphKit      _exits;         // Record all normal returns and throws here.
-  bool          _wrote_final;   // Did we write a final field?
+  bool          _wrote_non_strict_final; // Did we write a non-strict final field?
   bool          _wrote_volatile;     // Did we write a volatile field?
   bool          _wrote_stable;       // Did we write a @Stable field?
   bool          _wrote_fields;       // Did we write any field?
@@ -393,8 +393,8 @@ class Parse : public GraphKit {
   int           block_count()   const { return _block_count; }
 
   GraphKit&     exits()               { return _exits; }
-  bool          wrote_final() const   { return _wrote_final; }
-  void      set_wrote_final(bool z)   { _wrote_final = z; }
+  bool          wrote_non_strict_final() const { return _wrote_non_strict_final; }
+  void      set_wrote_non_strict_final(bool z) { _wrote_non_strict_final = z; }
   bool          wrote_volatile() const { return _wrote_volatile; }
   void      set_wrote_volatile(bool z) { _wrote_volatile = z; }
   bool          wrote_stable() const  { return _wrote_stable; }
@@ -443,8 +443,8 @@ class Parse : public GraphKit {
   SafePointNode* create_entry_map();
 
   // OSR helpers
-  Node *fetch_interpreter_state(int index, BasicType bt, Node* local_addrs);
-  Node* check_interpreter_type(Node* l, const Type* type, SafePointNode* &bad_type_exit);
+  Node* fetch_interpreter_state(int index, const Type* type, Node* local_addrs);
+  Node* check_interpreter_type(Node* l, ciType* ci_type, SafePointNode* &bad_type_exit);
   void  load_interpreter_state(Node* osr_buf);
 
   // Functions for managing basic blocks:
@@ -480,9 +480,9 @@ class Parse : public GraphKit {
   // Helper: Merge the current mapping into the given basic block
   void merge_common(Block* target, int pnum);
   // Helper functions for merging individual cells.
-  Node* maybe_narrow_phi_input(Node* ctrl, Node* n, const Type* phi_type);
-  PhiNode *ensure_phi(       int idx, bool nocreate = false);
-  PhiNode *ensure_memory_phi(int idx, bool nocreate = false);
+  Node*    maybe_narrow_phi_input(Node* ctrl, Node* n, const Type* phi_type);
+  Node*    ensure_phi(       int idx, bool nocreate = false);
+  PhiNode* ensure_memory_phi(int idx, bool nocreate = false);
   // Helper to merge the current memory state into the given basic block
   void merge_memory_edges(MergeMemNode* n, int pnum, bool nophi);
 
@@ -490,13 +490,24 @@ class Parse : public GraphKit {
   void do_one_bytecode();
 
   // helper function to generate array store check
-  void array_store_check();
+  Node* array_store_check(Node*& adr, const Type*& elemtype);
   // Helper function to generate array load
   void array_load(BasicType etype);
+  Node* load_from_unknown_flat_array(Node* array, Node* array_index, const TypeOopPtr* element_ptr);
   // Helper function to generate array store
   void array_store(BasicType etype);
+  void store_to_unknown_flat_array(Node* array, Node* idx, Node* non_null_stored_value);
   // Helper function to compute array addressing
-  Node* array_addressing(BasicType type, int vals, const Type*& elemtype);
+  Node* prepare_array_addressing(BasicType type, int vals, const Type*& elemtype);
+  Node* get_ptr_to_array_element(Node* array, Node* idx, BasicType elembt, const TypeInt* sizetype, Node* control);
+  bool needs_range_check(const TypeInt* size_type, const Node* index) const;
+  Node* create_speculative_inline_type_array_checks(Node* array, const TypeAryPtr* array_type, const Type*& element_type);
+  Node* cast_to_speculative_array_type(Node* array, const TypeAryPtr*& array_type, const Type*& element_type);
+  Node* cast_to_profiled_array_type(Node* const array);
+  Node* speculate_non_null_free_array(Node* array, const TypeAryPtr*& array_type);
+  Node* speculate_non_flat_array(Node* array, const TypeAryPtr* array_type);
+  void create_range_check(Node* idx, Node* ary, const TypeInt* sizetype);
+  Node* record_profile_for_speculation_at_array_load(Node* ld);
 
   void clinit_deopt();
 
@@ -542,13 +553,15 @@ class Parse : public GraphKit {
   void do_field_access(bool is_get, bool is_field);
 
   // common code for actually performing the load or store
-  void do_get_xxx(Node* obj, ciField* field, bool is_field);
+  void do_get_xxx(Node* obj, ciField* field);
   void do_put_xxx(Node* obj, ciField* field, bool is_field);
 
+  ciType* improve_abstract_inline_type_klass(ciType* field_klass);
+
   // implementation of object creation bytecodes
   void do_new();
   void do_newarray(BasicType elemtype);
-  void do_anewarray();
+  void do_newarray();
   void do_multianewarray();
   Node* expand_multianewarray(ciArrayKlass* array_klass, Node* *lengths, int ndimensions, int nargs);
 
@@ -562,9 +575,18 @@ class Parse : public GraphKit {
   bool    path_is_suitable_for_uncommon_trap(float prob) const;
 
   void    do_ifnull(BoolTest::mask btest, Node* c);
-  void    do_if(BoolTest::mask btest, Node* c);
+  void    do_if(BoolTest::mask btest, Node* c, bool can_trap = true, bool new_path = false, Node** ctrl_taken = nullptr,
+                Node** mem_taken = nullptr, Node** id_taken = nullptr);
+  void    do_acmp(BoolTest::mask btest, Node* left, Node* right);
+  void    acmp_always_null_input(Node* input, const TypeOopPtr* tinput, BoolTest::mask btest, Node* eq_region);
+  void    acmp_type_check_or_trap(Node** non_null_input, ciKlass* input_type, Deoptimization::DeoptReason);
+  void    acmp_type_check(Node* input, const TypeOopPtr* tinput, ProfilePtrKind input_ptr, ciKlass* input_type, BoolTest::mask btest, Node* eq_region);
+  Node*   acmp_null_check(Node* input, const TypeOopPtr* tinput, ProfilePtrKind input_ptr, Node*& null_ctl);
+public:
+  static IfNode* acmp_fast_path_if_from_substitutable_call(PhaseGVN* phase, CallStaticJavaNode* call);
+private:
   int     repush_if_args();
-  void    adjust_map_after_if(BoolTest::mask btest, Node* c, float prob, Block* path);
+  void    adjust_map_after_if(BoolTest::mask btest, Node* c, float prob, Block* path, bool can_trap = true);
   void    sharpen_type_after_if(BoolTest::mask btest,
                                 Node* con, const Type* tcon,
                                 Node* val, const Type* tval);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse1.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse1.cpp
index 2d74866e570..e9305697604 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse1.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse1.cpp
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciSignature.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciTypeFlow.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compileLog.hpp"
 #include "interpreter/linkResolver.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
@@ -29,7 +32,9 @@
 #include "opto/addnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/c2compiler.hpp"
 #include "opto/castnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/convertnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/idealGraphPrinter.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/locknode.hpp"
 #include "opto/memnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/opaquenode.hpp"
@@ -37,6 +42,7 @@
 #include "opto/rootnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/runtime.hpp"
 #include "opto/type.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/safepointMechanism.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
@@ -101,9 +107,15 @@ void Parse::print_statistics() {
 
 // Construct a node which can be used to get incoming state for
 // on stack replacement.
-Node *Parse::fetch_interpreter_state(int index,
-                                     BasicType bt,
+Node* Parse::fetch_interpreter_state(int index,
+                                     const Type* type,
                                      Node* local_addrs) {
+  BasicType bt = type->basic_type();
+  if (type == TypePtr::NULL_PTR) {
+    // Ptr types are mixed together with T_ADDRESS but nullptr is
+    // really for T_OBJECT types so correct it.
+    bt = T_OBJECT;
+  }
   Node* mem = memory(Compile::AliasIdxRaw);
   Node* adr = off_heap_plus_addr(local_addrs, -index*wordSize);
   Node* ctl = control();
@@ -143,20 +155,18 @@ Node *Parse::fetch_interpreter_state(int index,
 // The type is the type predicted by ciTypeFlow.  Note that it is
 // not a general type, but can only come from Type::get_typeflow_type.
 // The safepoint is a map which will feed an uncommon trap.
-Node* Parse::check_interpreter_type(Node* l, const Type* type,
-                                    SafePointNode* &bad_type_exit) {
-
-  const TypeOopPtr* tp = type->isa_oopptr();
+Node* Parse::check_interpreter_type(Node* l, ciType* ci_type, SafePointNode* &bad_type_exit) {
+  ciType* unwrapped_ci_type = ci_type->unwrap();
 
   // TypeFlow may assert null-ness if a type appears unloaded.
-  if (type == TypePtr::NULL_PTR ||
-      (tp != nullptr && !tp->is_loaded())) {
+  if (int(unwrapped_ci_type->basic_type()) == int(ciTypeFlow::StateVector::T_NULL) ||
+      !unwrapped_ci_type->is_loaded()) {
     // Value must be null, not a real oop.
-    Node* chk = _gvn.transform( new CmpPNode(l, null()) );
-    Node* tst = _gvn.transform( new BoolNode(chk, BoolTest::eq) );
+    Node* chk = _gvn.transform(new CmpPNode(l, null()));
+    Node* tst = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(chk, BoolTest::eq));
     IfNode* iff = create_and_map_if(control(), tst, PROB_MAX, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
-    set_control(_gvn.transform( new IfTrueNode(iff) ));
-    Node* bad_type = _gvn.transform( new IfFalseNode(iff) );
+    set_control(_gvn.transform(new IfTrueNode(iff)));
+    Node* bad_type = _gvn.transform(new IfFalseNode(iff));
     bad_type_exit->control()->add_req(bad_type);
     l = null();
   }
@@ -166,14 +176,28 @@ Node* Parse::check_interpreter_type(Node* l, const Type* type,
   // When paths are cut off, values at later merge points can rise
   // toward more specific classes.  Make sure these specific classes
   // are still in effect.
-  if (tp != nullptr && !tp->is_same_java_type_as(TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM)) {
-    // TypeFlow asserted a specific object type.  Value must have that type.
+  if (unwrapped_ci_type->is_klass()) {
+    // TypeFlow asserted a specific object type. Value must have that type.
+    assert(_gvn.type(l) == TypePtr::NULL_PTR || _gvn.type(l)->isa_oopptr(), "must be an oop");
+    if (ci_type->is_null_free()) {
+      // Check inline types for null here to prevent checkcast from adding an
+      // exception state before the bytecode entry (use 'bad_type_ctrl' instead).
+      Node* bad_type_ctrl = nullptr;
+      l = null_check_oop(l, &bad_type_ctrl);
+      bad_type_exit->control()->add_req(bad_type_ctrl);
+    }
+
+    const TypeKlassPtr* klass_type = TypeKlassPtr::make(unwrapped_ci_type->as_klass(), Type::ignore_interfaces);
+    klass_type = klass_type->try_improve();
+    bool is_early_larval = ci_type->is_early_larval();
     Node* bad_type_ctrl = nullptr;
-    l = gen_checkcast(l, makecon(tp->as_klass_type()->cast_to_exactness(true)), &bad_type_ctrl);
+    l = gen_checkcast(l, makecon(klass_type), &bad_type_ctrl, nullptr, false, is_early_larval);
     bad_type_exit->control()->add_req(bad_type_ctrl);
+  } else {
+    const Type* type = Type::get_typeflow_type(ci_type);
+    assert(_gvn.type(l)->higher_equal(type), "must match");
   }
 
-  assert(_gvn.type(l)->higher_equal(type), "must constrain OSR typestate");
   return l;
 }
 
@@ -185,7 +209,6 @@ void Parse::load_interpreter_state(Node* osr_buf) {
   int max_locals = jvms()->loc_size();
   int max_stack  = jvms()->stk_size();
 
-
   // Mismatch between method and jvms can occur since map briefly held
   // an OSR entry state (which takes up one RawPtr word).
   assert(max_locals == method()->max_locals(), "sanity");
@@ -240,10 +263,9 @@ void Parse::load_interpreter_state(Node* osr_buf) {
     // Displaced headers and locked objects are interleaved in the
     // temp OSR buffer.  We only copy the locked objects out here.
     // Fetch the locked object from the OSR temp buffer and copy to our fastlock node.
-    Node *lock_object = fetch_interpreter_state(index*2, T_OBJECT, monitors_addr);
+    Node* lock_object = fetch_interpreter_state(index*2, Type::get_const_basic_type(T_OBJECT), monitors_addr);
     // Try and copy the displaced header to the BoxNode
-    Node *displaced_hdr = fetch_interpreter_state((index*2) + 1, T_ADDRESS, monitors_addr);
-
+    Node* displaced_hdr = fetch_interpreter_state((index*2) + 1, Type::get_const_basic_type(T_ADDRESS), monitors_addr);
 
     store_to_memory(control(), box, displaced_hdr, T_ADDRESS, MemNode::unordered);
 
@@ -311,13 +333,7 @@ void Parse::load_interpreter_state(Node* osr_buf) {
       continue;
     }
     // Construct code to access the appropriate local.
-    BasicType bt = type->basic_type();
-    if (type == TypePtr::NULL_PTR) {
-      // Ptr types are mixed together with T_ADDRESS but null is
-      // really for T_OBJECT types so correct it.
-      bt = T_OBJECT;
-    }
-    Node *value = fetch_interpreter_state(index, bt, locals_addr);
+    Node* value = fetch_interpreter_state(index, type, locals_addr);
     set_local(index, value);
   }
 
@@ -344,17 +360,22 @@ void Parse::load_interpreter_state(Node* osr_buf) {
 
   assert(osr_block->flow()->jsrs()->size() == 0, "should be no jsrs live at osr point");
   for (index = 0; index < max_locals; index++) {
-    if (stopped())  break;
-    Node* l = local(index);
-    if (l->is_top())  continue;  // nothing here
+    if (stopped()) {
+      break;
+    }
     const Type *type = osr_block->local_type_at(index);
-    if (type->isa_oopptr() != nullptr) {
-      if (!live_oops.at(index)) {
-        // skip type check for dead oops
-        continue;
-      }
+    Node* l = local(index);
+    if (l->is_top()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    ciType* ci_type = osr_block->flow()->local_type_at(index);
+    if (ci_type->unwrap()->is_klass() && !live_oops.at(index)) {
+      // skip type check for dead oops
+      continue;
     }
-    if (osr_block->flow()->local_type_at(index)->is_return_address()) {
+
+    if (ci_type->is_return_address()) {
       // In our current system it's illegal for jsr addresses to be
       // live into an OSR entry point because the compiler performs
       // inlining of jsrs.  ciTypeFlow has a bailout that detect this
@@ -368,33 +389,40 @@ void Parse::load_interpreter_state(Node* osr_buf) {
       // value and the expected type is a constant.
       continue;
     }
-    set_local(index, check_interpreter_type(l, type, bad_type_exit));
     if (StressReachabilityFences && type->isa_oopptr() != nullptr) {
       // Keep all oop locals alive until the method returns as if there are
       // reachability fences for them at the end of the method.
       Node* loc = local(index);
-      if (loc->bottom_type() != TypePtr::NULL_PTR) {
+      if (!loc->is_InlineType() && loc->bottom_type() != TypePtr::NULL_PTR) {
         assert(loc->bottom_type()->isa_oopptr() != nullptr, "%s", Type::str(loc->bottom_type()));
         _stress_rf_hook->add_req(loc);
       }
     }
+    set_local(index, check_interpreter_type(l, ci_type, bad_type_exit));
   }
 
   for (index = 0; index < sp(); index++) {
-    if (stopped())  break;
-    Node* l = stack(index);
-    if (l->is_top())  continue;  // nothing here
-    const Type *type = osr_block->stack_type_at(index);
-    set_stack(index, check_interpreter_type(l, type, bad_type_exit));
+    if (stopped()) {
+      break;
+    }
+    const Type *type = osr_block->local_type_at(index);
     if (StressReachabilityFences && type->isa_oopptr() != nullptr) {
       // Keep all oops on stack alive until the method returns as if there are
       // reachability fences for them at the end of the method.
       Node* stk = stack(index);
-      if (stk->bottom_type() != TypePtr::NULL_PTR) {
+      if (!stk->is_InlineType() && stk->bottom_type() != TypePtr::NULL_PTR) {
         assert(stk->bottom_type()->isa_oopptr() != nullptr, "%s", Type::str(stk->bottom_type()));
         _stress_rf_hook->add_req(stk);
       }
     }
+
+    Node* l = stack(index);
+    if (l->is_top()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    ciType* ci_type = osr_block->flow()->stack_type_at(index);
+    set_stack(index, check_interpreter_type(l, ci_type, bad_type_exit));
   }
 
   if (bad_type_exit->control()->req() > 1) {
@@ -424,7 +452,7 @@ Parse::Parse(JVMState* caller, ciMethod* parse_method, float expected_uses)
   _method = parse_method;
   _expected_uses = expected_uses;
   _depth = 1 + (caller->has_method() ? caller->depth() : 0);
-  _wrote_final = false;
+  _wrote_non_strict_final = false;
   _wrote_volatile = false;
   _wrote_stable = false;
   _wrote_fields = false;
@@ -530,7 +558,7 @@ Parse::Parse(JVMState* caller, ciMethod* parse_method, float expected_uses)
     _entry_bci = C->entry_bci();
     _flow = method()->get_osr_flow_analysis(osr_bci());
   } else {
-    _tf = TypeFunc::make(method());
+    _tf = TypeFunc::make(method(), false);
     _entry_bci = InvocationEntryBci;
     _flow = method()->get_flow_analysis();
   }
@@ -817,8 +845,8 @@ void Parse::build_exits() {
   _exits.set_all_memory(memphi);
 
   // Add a return value to the exit state.  (Do not push it yet.)
-  if (tf()->range()->cnt() > TypeFunc::Parms) {
-    const Type* ret_type = tf()->range()->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms);
+  if (tf()->range_sig()->cnt() > TypeFunc::Parms) {
+    const Type* ret_type = tf()->range_sig()->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms);
     if (ret_type->isa_int()) {
       BasicType ret_bt = method()->return_type()->basic_type();
       if (ret_bt == T_BOOLEAN ||
@@ -840,22 +868,22 @@ void Parse::build_exits() {
     Node*       ret_phi  = new PhiNode(region, ret_type);
     gvn().set_type_bottom(ret_phi);
     _exits.ensure_stack(ret_size);
-    assert((int)(tf()->range()->cnt() - TypeFunc::Parms) == ret_size, "good tf range");
+    assert((int)(tf()->range_sig()->cnt() - TypeFunc::Parms) == ret_size, "good tf range");
     assert(method()->return_type()->size() == ret_size, "tf agrees w/ method");
     _exits.set_argument(0, ret_phi);  // here is where the parser finds it
     // Note:  ret_phi is not yet pushed, until do_exits.
   }
 }
 
-
 //----------------------------build_start_state-------------------------------
 // Construct a state which contains only the incoming arguments from an
 // unknown caller.  The method & bci will be null & InvocationEntryBci.
 JVMState* Compile::build_start_state(StartNode* start, const TypeFunc* tf) {
-  int        arg_size = tf->domain()->cnt();
-  int        max_size = MAX2(arg_size, (int)tf->range()->cnt());
+  int        arg_size = tf->domain_sig()->cnt();
+  int        max_size = MAX2(arg_size, (int)tf->range_cc()->cnt());
   JVMState*  jvms     = new (this) JVMState(max_size - TypeFunc::Parms);
   SafePointNode* map  = new SafePointNode(max_size, jvms);
+  jvms->set_map(map);
   record_for_igvn(map);
   assert(arg_size == TypeFunc::Parms + (is_osr_compilation() ? 1 : method()->arg_size()), "correct arg_size");
   Node_Notes* old_nn = default_node_notes();
@@ -867,19 +895,39 @@ JVMState* Compile::build_start_state(StartNode* start, const TypeFunc* tf) {
     entry_nn->set_jvms(entry_jvms);
     set_default_node_notes(entry_nn);
   }
-  uint i;
-  for (i = 0; i < (uint)arg_size; i++) {
-    Node* parm = initial_gvn()->transform(new ParmNode(start, i));
+  PhaseGVN& gvn = *initial_gvn();
+  uint i = 0;
+  int arg_num = 0;
+  for (uint j = 0; i < (uint)arg_size; i++) {
+    const Type* t = tf->domain_sig()->field_at(i);
+    Node* parm = nullptr;
+    if (t->is_inlinetypeptr() && method()->is_scalarized_arg(arg_num)) {
+      // Inline type arguments are not passed by reference: we get an argument per
+      // field of the inline type. Build InlineTypeNodes from the inline type arguments.
+      GraphKit kit(jvms, &gvn);
+      kit.set_control(map->control());
+      Node* old_mem = map->memory();
+      // Use immutable memory for inline type loads and restore it below
+      kit.set_all_memory(C->immutable_memory());
+      parm = InlineTypeNode::make_from_multi(&kit, start, t->inline_klass(), j, /* in= */ true, /* null_free= */ !t->maybe_null());
+      assert(map == kit.map(), "broken if map changes");
+      map->set_control(kit.control());
+      map->set_memory(old_mem);
+    } else {
+      parm = gvn.transform(new ParmNode(start, j++));
+    }
     map->init_req(i, parm);
     // Record all these guys for later GVN.
     record_for_igvn(parm);
+    if (i >= TypeFunc::Parms && t != Type::HALF) {
+      arg_num++;
+    }
   }
   for (; i < map->req(); i++) {
     map->init_req(i, top());
   }
   assert(jvms->argoff() == TypeFunc::Parms, "parser gets arguments here");
   set_default_node_notes(old_nn);
-  jvms->set_map(map);
   return jvms;
 }
 
@@ -906,12 +954,34 @@ void Compile::return_values(JVMState* jvms) {
                              kit.frameptr(),
                              kit.returnadr());
   // Add zero or 1 return values
-  int ret_size = tf()->range()->cnt() - TypeFunc::Parms;
+  int ret_size = tf()->range_sig()->cnt() - TypeFunc::Parms;
   if (ret_size > 0) {
     kit.inc_sp(-ret_size);  // pop the return value(s)
     kit.sync_jvms();
-    ret->add_req(kit.argument(0));
-    // Note:  The second dummy edge is not needed by a ReturnNode.
+    Node* res = kit.argument(0);
+    if (tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields()) {
+      // Multiple return values (inline type fields): add as many edges
+      // to the Return node as returned values.
+      InlineTypeNode* vt = res->as_InlineType();
+      ret->add_req_batch(nullptr, tf()->range_cc()->cnt() - TypeFunc::Parms);
+      if (vt->is_allocated(&kit.gvn()) && !StressCallingConvention) {
+        ret->init_req(TypeFunc::Parms, vt);
+      } else {
+        // Return the tagged klass pointer to signal scalarization to the caller
+        Node* tagged_klass = vt->tagged_klass(kit.gvn());
+        // Return null if the inline type is null (null marker field is not set)
+        Node* conv   = kit.gvn().transform(new ConvI2LNode(vt->get_null_marker()));
+        Node* shl    = kit.gvn().transform(new LShiftLNode(conv, kit.intcon(63)));
+        Node* shr    = kit.gvn().transform(new RShiftLNode(shl, kit.intcon(63)));
+        tagged_klass = kit.gvn().transform(new AndLNode(tagged_klass, shr));
+        ret->init_req(TypeFunc::Parms, tagged_klass);
+      }
+      uint idx = TypeFunc::Parms + 1;
+      vt->pass_fields(&kit, ret, idx, false, false);
+    } else {
+      ret->add_req(res);
+      // Note:  The second dummy edge is not needed by a ReturnNode.
+    }
   }
   // bind it to root
   root()->add_req(ret);
@@ -1035,8 +1105,8 @@ void Parse::do_exits() {
   // such unusual early publications.  But no barrier is needed on
   // exceptional returns, since they cannot publish normally.
   //
-  if (method()->is_object_initializer() &&
-       (wrote_final() || wrote_stable() ||
+  if ((method()->is_object_constructor() || method()->is_class_initializer()) &&
+       (wrote_non_strict_final() || wrote_stable() ||
          (AlwaysSafeConstructors && wrote_fields()) ||
          (support_IRIW_for_not_multiple_copy_atomic_cpu && wrote_volatile()))) {
     Node* recorded_alloc = alloc_with_final_or_stable();
@@ -1063,8 +1133,8 @@ void Parse::do_exits() {
   // Clean up input MergeMems created by transforming the slices
   _gvn.transform(_exits.merged_memory());
 
-  if (tf()->range()->cnt() > TypeFunc::Parms) {
-    const Type* ret_type = tf()->range()->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms);
+  if (tf()->range_sig()->cnt() > TypeFunc::Parms) {
+    const Type* ret_type = tf()->range_sig()->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms);
     Node*       ret_phi  = _gvn.transform( _exits.argument(0) );
     if (!_exits.control()->is_top() && _gvn.type(ret_phi)->empty()) {
       // If the type we set for the ret_phi in build_exits() is too optimistic and
@@ -1160,6 +1230,7 @@ SafePointNode* Parse::create_entry_map() {
     GraphKit kit(_caller);
     kit.null_check_receiver_before_call(method());
     _caller = kit.transfer_exceptions_into_jvms();
+
     if (kit.stopped()) {
       _exits.add_exception_states_from(_caller);
       _exits.set_jvms(_caller);
@@ -1203,7 +1274,7 @@ SafePointNode* Parse::create_entry_map() {
   assert(merged_memory(), "");
 
   // Now add the locals which are initially bound to arguments:
-  uint arg_size = tf()->domain()->cnt();
+  uint arg_size = tf()->domain_sig()->cnt();
   ensure_stack(arg_size - TypeFunc::Parms);  // OSR methods have funny args
   for (i = TypeFunc::Parms; i < arg_size; i++) {
     map()->init_req(i, inmap->argument(_caller, i - TypeFunc::Parms));
@@ -1235,6 +1306,36 @@ void Parse::do_method_entry() {
 
   NOT_PRODUCT( count_compiled_calls(true/*at_method_entry*/, false/*is_inline*/); )
 
+  // Check if we need a membar at the beginning of the java.lang.Object
+  // constructor to satisfy the memory model for strict fields.
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled() && method()->intrinsic_id() == vmIntrinsics::_Object_init) {
+    Node* receiver_obj = local(0);
+    const TypeInstPtr* receiver_type = _gvn.type(receiver_obj)->isa_instptr();
+    // If there's no exact type, check if the declared type has no implementors and add a dependency
+    const TypeKlassPtr* klass_ptr = receiver_type->as_klass_type(/* try_for_exact= */ true);
+    ciType* klass = klass_ptr->klass_is_exact() ? klass_ptr->exact_klass() : nullptr;
+    if (klass != nullptr && klass->is_instance_klass()) {
+      // Exact receiver type, check if there is a strict field
+      ciInstanceKlass* holder = klass->as_instance_klass();
+      for (int i = 0; i < holder->nof_nonstatic_fields(); i++) {
+        ciField* field = holder->nonstatic_field_at(i);
+        if (field->is_strict()) {
+          // Found a strict field, a membar is needed
+          AllocateNode* alloc = AllocateNode::Ideal_allocation(receiver_obj);
+          insert_mem_bar(UseStoreStoreForCtor ? Op_MemBarStoreStore : Op_MemBarRelease, receiver_obj);
+          if (DoEscapeAnalysis && (alloc != nullptr)) {
+            alloc->compute_MemBar_redundancy(method());
+          }
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+    } else if (klass == nullptr) {
+      // We can't statically determine the type of the receiver and therefore need
+      // to put a membar here because it could have a strict field.
+      insert_mem_bar(UseStoreStoreForCtor ? Op_MemBarStoreStore : Op_MemBarRelease);
+    }
+  }
+
   if (C->env()->dtrace_method_probes()) {
     make_dtrace_method_entry(method());
   }
@@ -1245,7 +1346,8 @@ void Parse::do_method_entry() {
     int max_locals = jvms()->loc_size();
     for (int idx = 0; idx < max_locals; idx++) {
       Node* loc = local(idx);
-      if (loc->bottom_type()->isa_oopptr() != nullptr &&
+      if (!loc->is_InlineType() &&
+          loc->bottom_type()->isa_oopptr() != nullptr &&
           !is_auto_boxed_primitive(loc)) { // ignore auto-boxed primitives
         _stress_rf_hook->add_req(loc);
       }
@@ -1297,6 +1399,7 @@ void Parse::do_method_entry() {
       lock_obj = makecon(t_lock);
     } else {                  // Else pass the "this" pointer,
       lock_obj = local(0);    // which is Parm0 from StartNode
+      assert(!_gvn.type(lock_obj)->make_oopptr()->can_be_inline_type(), "can't be an inline type");
     }
     // Clear out dead values from the debug info.
     kill_dead_locals();
@@ -1309,6 +1412,50 @@ void Parse::do_method_entry() {
   // Feed profiling data for parameters to the type system so it can
   // propagate it as speculative types
   record_profiled_parameters_for_speculation();
+
+  // More argument handling
+  int arg_size = method()->arg_size();
+  for (int i = 0; i < arg_size; i++) {
+    Node* parm = local(i);
+    const Type* t = _gvn.type(parm);
+    if (t->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+      // If the parameter is a value object, try to scalarize it if we know that it is unrestricted (not early larval)
+      // Parameters are non-larval except the receiver of a constructor, which must be an early larval object.
+      if (!(i == 0 && method()->receiver_maybe_larval())) {
+        // Create InlineTypeNode from the oop and replace the parameter
+        Node* vt = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(this, parm, t->inline_klass());
+        replace_in_map(parm, vt);
+      }
+    } else if (UseTypeSpeculation && (i == (arg_size - 1)) && depth() == 1 && method()->is_varargs() && t->isa_aryptr()) {
+      // Speculate on varargs Object array being the default array refined type. The assumption is
+      // that a vararg method test(Object... o) is often called as test(o1, o2, o3). javac will
+      // translate the call so that the caller will create a new default array of Object, put o1,
+      // o2, o3 into the newly created array, then invoke the method test. This only makes sense if
+      // the method we are parsing is the top-level method of the compilation unit. Otherwise, if
+      // it is truly called according to our assumption, we must know the exact type of the
+      // argument because the allocation happens inside the compilation unit.
+      const TypePtr* spec_type = (t->speculative() != nullptr) ? t->speculative() : t->remove_speculative()->is_aryptr();
+      ciSignature* method_signature = method()->signature();
+      ciType* parm_citype = method_signature->type_at(method_signature->count() - 1);
+      if (!parm_citype->is_obj_array_klass()) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      ciObjArrayKlass* spec_citype = ciObjArrayKlass::make(parm_citype->as_obj_array_klass()->element_klass(), true);
+      const Type* improved_spec_type = TypeKlassPtr::make(spec_citype, Type::trust_interfaces)->as_exact_instance_type();
+      improved_spec_type = improved_spec_type->join(spec_type)->join(TypePtr::NOTNULL);
+      if (improved_spec_type->empty()) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      const TypePtr* improved_type = TypeOopPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, Type::Offset::bottom, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot, improved_spec_type->is_ptr());
+      improved_type = improved_type->join_speculative(t)->is_ptr();
+      if (improved_type != t) {
+        Node* cast = _gvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(control(), parm, improved_type, ConstraintCastNode::DependencyType::NonFloatingNarrowing));
+        replace_in_map(parm, cast);
+      }
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 //------------------------------init_blocks------------------------------------
@@ -1737,6 +1884,56 @@ void Parse::merge_common(Parse::Block* target, int pnum) {
   assert(sp() == target->start_sp(), "");
   clean_stack(sp());
 
+  // Check for merge conflicts involving inline types
+  JVMState* old_jvms = map()->jvms();
+  int old_bci = bci();
+  JVMState* tmp_jvms = old_jvms->clone_shallow(C);
+  tmp_jvms->set_should_reexecute(true);
+  tmp_jvms->bind_map(map());
+  // Execution needs to restart a the next bytecode (entry of next
+  // block)
+  if (target->is_merged() ||
+      pnum > PhiNode::Input ||
+      target->is_handler() ||
+      target->is_loop_head()) {
+    set_parse_bci(target->start());
+    for (uint j = TypeFunc::Parms; j < map()->req(); j++) {
+      Node* n = map()->in(j);                 // Incoming change to target state.
+      const Type* t = nullptr;
+      ciType* ct = nullptr;
+      if (tmp_jvms->is_loc(j)) {
+        int loc_idx = j - tmp_jvms->locoff();
+        t = target->local_type_at(loc_idx);
+        ct = target->flow()->local_type_at(loc_idx);
+      } else if (tmp_jvms->is_stk(j) && j < (uint)sp() + tmp_jvms->stkoff()) {
+        int stk_idx = j - tmp_jvms->stkoff();
+        t = target->stack_type_at(stk_idx);
+        ct = target->flow()->stack_type_at(stk_idx);
+      }
+      if (t != nullptr && t != Type::BOTTOM) {
+        // An object can appear in the JVMS as either an oop or an InlineTypeNode. If the merge is
+        // an InlineTypeNode, we need all the merge inputs to be InlineTypeNodes. Else, if the
+        // merge is an oop, each merge input needs to be either an oop or an buffered
+        // InlineTypeNode.
+        if (!t->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+          // The merge cannot be an InlineTypeNode, ensure the input is buffered if it is an
+          // InlineTypeNode
+          if (n->is_InlineType()) {
+            map()->set_req(j, n->as_InlineType()->buffer(this));
+          }
+        } else {
+          // Scalarize the value object if it is not larval
+          if (!n->is_InlineType() && !ct->is_early_larval()) {
+            assert(_gvn.type(n) == TypePtr::NULL_PTR, "must be a null constant");
+            map()->set_req(j, InlineTypeNode::make_null(_gvn, t->inline_klass()));
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  old_jvms->bind_map(map());
+  set_parse_bci(old_bci);
+
   if (!target->is_merged()) {   // No prior mapping at this bci
     if (TraceOptoParse) { tty->print(" with empty state");  }
 
@@ -1791,6 +1988,7 @@ void Parse::merge_common(Parse::Block* target, int pnum) {
       target->mark_merged_backedge(block());
     }
 #endif
+
     // We must not manufacture more phis if the target is already parsed.
     bool nophi = target->is_parsed();
 
@@ -1826,14 +2024,18 @@ void Parse::merge_common(Parse::Block* target, int pnum) {
     // Update all the non-control inputs to map:
     assert(TypeFunc::Parms == newin->jvms()->locoff(), "parser map should contain only youngest jvms");
     bool check_elide_phi = target->is_SEL_backedge(save_block);
+    bool last_merge = (pnum == PhiNode::Input);
     for (uint j = 1; j < newin->req(); j++) {
       Node* m = map()->in(j);   // Current state of target.
       Node* n = newin->in(j);   // Incoming change to target state.
-      PhiNode* phi;
-      if (m->is_Phi() && m->as_Phi()->region() == r)
-        phi = m->as_Phi();
-      else
+      Node* phi;
+      if (m->is_Phi() && m->as_Phi()->region() == r) {
+        phi = m;
+      } else if (m->is_InlineType() && m->as_InlineType()->has_phi_inputs(r)) {
+        phi = m;
+      } else {
         phi = nullptr;
+      }
       if (m != n) {             // Different; must merge
         switch (j) {
         // Frame pointer and Return Address never changes
@@ -1880,12 +2082,37 @@ void Parse::merge_common(Parse::Block* target, int pnum) {
       //  - the corresponding control edges is top (a dead incoming path)
       // It is a bug if we create a phi which sees a garbage value on a live path.
 
-      if (phi != nullptr) {
+      // Merging two inline types?
+      if (phi != nullptr && phi->is_InlineType()) {
+        // Reload current state because it may have been updated by ensure_phi
+        assert(phi == map()->in(j), "unexpected value in map");
+        assert(phi->as_InlineType()->has_phi_inputs(r), "");
+        InlineTypeNode* vtm = phi->as_InlineType(); // Current inline type
+        InlineTypeNode* vtn = n->as_InlineType(); // Incoming inline type
+        assert(vtm == phi, "Inline type should have Phi input");
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+        if (TraceOptoParse) {
+          tty->print_cr("\nMerging inline types");
+          tty->print_cr("Current:");
+          vtm->dump(2);
+          tty->print_cr("Incoming:");
+          vtn->dump(2);
+          tty->cr();
+        }
+#endif
+        // Do the merge
+        vtm->merge_with(&_gvn, vtn, pnum, last_merge);
+        if (last_merge) {
+          map()->set_req(j, _gvn.transform(vtm));
+          record_for_igvn(vtm);
+        }
+      } else if (phi != nullptr) {
         assert(n != top() || r->in(pnum) == top(), "live value must not be garbage");
-        assert(phi->region() == r, "");
+        assert(phi->as_Phi()->region() == r, "");
         phi->set_req(pnum, maybe_narrow_phi_input(r->in(pnum), n, _gvn.type(phi)));
 
-        if (pnum == PhiNode::Input) {
+        if (last_merge) {
           // Last merge for this Phi.
           // So far, Phis have had a reasonable type from ciTypeFlow.
           // Now _gvn will join that with the meet of current inputs.
@@ -1901,8 +2128,7 @@ void Parse::merge_common(Parse::Block* target, int pnum) {
       }
     } // End of for all values to be merged
 
-    if (pnum == PhiNode::Input &&
-        !r->in(0)) {         // The occasional useless Region
+    if (last_merge && !r->in(0)) {         // The occasional useless Region
       assert(control() == r, "");
       set_control(r->nonnull_req());
     }
@@ -2054,6 +2280,8 @@ int Parse::Block::add_new_path() {
       if (n->is_Phi() && n->as_Phi()->region() == r) {
         assert(n->req() == pnum, "must be same size as region");
         n->add_req(nullptr);
+      } else if (n->is_InlineType() && n->as_InlineType()->has_phi_inputs(r)) {
+        n->as_InlineType()->add_new_path(r);
       }
     }
   }
@@ -2078,7 +2306,7 @@ Node* Parse::maybe_narrow_phi_input(Node* ctrl, Node* n, const Type* phi_type) {
 
 //------------------------------ensure_phi-------------------------------------
 // Turn the idx'th entry of the current map into a Phi
-PhiNode *Parse::ensure_phi(int idx, bool nocreate) {
+Node* Parse::ensure_phi(int idx, bool nocreate) {
   SafePointNode* map = this->map();
   Node* region = map->control();
   assert(region->is_Region(), "");
@@ -2091,6 +2319,10 @@ PhiNode *Parse::ensure_phi(int idx, bool nocreate) {
   if (o->is_Phi() && o->as_Phi()->region() == region) {
     return o->as_Phi();
   }
+  InlineTypeNode* vt = o->isa_InlineType();
+  if (vt != nullptr && vt->has_phi_inputs(region)) {
+    return vt;
+  }
 
   // Now use a Phi here for merging
   assert(!nocreate, "Cannot build a phi for a block already parsed.");
@@ -2110,8 +2342,8 @@ PhiNode *Parse::ensure_phi(int idx, bool nocreate) {
   }
 
   // If the type falls to bottom, then this must be a local that
-  // is mixing ints and oops or some such.  Forcing it to top
-  // makes it go dead.
+  // is already dead or is mixing ints and oops or some such.
+  // Forcing it to top makes it go dead.
   if (t == Type::BOTTOM) {
     map->set_req(idx, top());
     return nullptr;
@@ -2124,20 +2356,29 @@ PhiNode *Parse::ensure_phi(int idx, bool nocreate) {
     return nullptr;
   }
 
-  PhiNode* phi = new PhiNode(region, t);
-  gvn().set_type(phi, t);
-  for (uint i = 1; i < phi->req(); i++) {
-    Node* ctrl = region->in(i);
-    if (ctrl != nullptr) {
-      phi->init_req(i, maybe_narrow_phi_input(ctrl, o, t));
+  if (vt != nullptr && t->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+    // Inline types are merged by merging their field values.
+    // Create a cloned InlineTypeNode with phi inputs that
+    // represents the merged inline type and update the map.
+    vt = vt->clone_with_phis(&_gvn, region);
+    map->set_req(idx, vt);
+    return vt;
+  } else {
+    PhiNode* phi = new PhiNode(region, t);
+    gvn().set_type(phi, t);
+    for (uint i = 1; i < phi->req(); i++) {
+      Node* ctrl = region->in(i);
+      if (ctrl != nullptr) {
+        phi->init_req(i, maybe_narrow_phi_input(ctrl, o, t));
+      }
     }
-  }
 
-  if (C->do_escape_analysis()) {
-    record_for_igvn(phi);
+    if (C->do_escape_analysis()) {
+      record_for_igvn(phi);
+    }
+    map->set_req(idx, phi);
+    return phi;
   }
-  map->set_req(idx, phi);
-  return phi;
 }
 
 //--------------------------ensure_memory_phi----------------------------------
@@ -2267,6 +2508,39 @@ void Parse::return_current(Node* value) {
     call_register_finalizer();
   }
 
+  // frame pointer is always same, already captured
+  if (value != nullptr) {
+    Node* phi = _exits.argument(0);
+    const Type* return_type = phi->bottom_type();
+    if ((tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields() || (_caller->has_method() && !Compile::current()->inlining_incrementally())) &&
+        return_type->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+      // Inline type is returned as fields, make sure it is scalarized
+      if (!value->is_InlineType()) {
+        value = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(this, value, return_type->inline_klass());
+      }
+      if (!_caller->has_method() || Compile::current()->inlining_incrementally()) {
+        // Returning from root or an incrementally inlined method. Make sure all non-flat
+        // fields are buffered and re-execute if allocation triggers deoptimization.
+        PreserveReexecuteState preexecs(this);
+        assert(tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields(), "must be returned as fields");
+        jvms()->set_should_reexecute(true);
+        inc_sp(1);
+        value = value->as_InlineType()->allocate_fields(this);
+      }
+    } else if (value->is_InlineType()) {
+      // Inline type is returned as oop, make sure it is buffered and re-execute
+      // if allocation triggers deoptimization.
+      PreserveReexecuteState preexecs(this);
+      jvms()->set_should_reexecute(true);
+      inc_sp(1);
+      value = value->as_InlineType()->buffer(this);
+    }
+    // ...else
+    // If returning oops to an interface-return, there is a silent free
+    // cast from oop to interface allowed by the Verifier. Make it explicit here.
+    phi->add_req(value);
+  }
+
   if (StressReachabilityFences) {
     // Insert reachability fences for all oop arguments at the end of the method.
     for (uint i = 1; i < _stress_rf_hook->req(); i++) {
@@ -2284,6 +2558,7 @@ void Parse::return_current(Node* value) {
   if (C->env()->dtrace_method_probes()) {
     make_dtrace_method_exit(method());
   }
+
   SafePointNode* exit_return = _exits.map();
   exit_return->in( TypeFunc::Control  )->add_req( control() );
   exit_return->in( TypeFunc::I_O      )->add_req( i_o    () );
@@ -2301,15 +2576,6 @@ void Parse::return_current(Node* value) {
     mms.memory()->add_req(mms.memory2());
   }
 
-  // frame pointer is always same, already captured
-  if (value != nullptr) {
-    // If returning oops to an interface-return, there is a silent free
-    // cast from oop to interface allowed by the Verifier.  Make it explicit
-    // here.
-    Node* phi = _exits.argument(0);
-    phi->add_req(value);
-  }
-
   if (_first_return) {
     _exits.map()->transfer_replaced_nodes_from(map(), _new_idx);
     _first_return = false;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
index 9cb20cfcd00..612c32da7ae 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,9 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciMethodData.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciSymbols.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compileLog.hpp"
 #include "interpreter/linkResolver.hpp"
@@ -35,6 +37,8 @@
 #include "opto/convertnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/divnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/idealGraphPrinter.hpp"
+#include "opto/idealKit.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/matcher.hpp"
 #include "opto/memnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/mulnode.hpp"
@@ -42,7 +46,9 @@
 #include "opto/parse.hpp"
 #include "opto/runtime.hpp"
 #include "opto/subtypenode.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/deoptimization.hpp"
+#include "runtime/globals.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 
 #ifndef PRODUCT
@@ -50,64 +56,295 @@ extern uint explicit_null_checks_inserted,
             explicit_null_checks_elided;
 #endif
 
+Node* Parse::record_profile_for_speculation_at_array_load(Node* ld) {
+  // Feed unused profile data to type speculation
+  if (UseTypeSpeculation && UseArrayLoadStoreProfile) {
+    ciKlass* array_type = nullptr;
+    ciKlass* element_type = nullptr;
+    ProfilePtrKind element_ptr = ProfileMaybeNull;
+    bool flat_array = true;
+    bool null_free_array = true;
+    method()->array_access_profiled_type(bci(), array_type, element_type, element_ptr, flat_array, null_free_array);
+    if (element_type != nullptr || element_ptr != ProfileMaybeNull) {
+      ld = record_profile_for_speculation(ld, element_type, element_ptr);
+    }
+  }
+  return ld;
+}
+
+
 //---------------------------------array_load----------------------------------
 void Parse::array_load(BasicType bt) {
   const Type* elemtype = Type::TOP;
-  bool big_val = bt == T_DOUBLE || bt == T_LONG;
-  Node* adr = array_addressing(bt, 0, elemtype);
+  Node* prep_array = prepare_array_addressing(bt, 0, elemtype);
   if (stopped())  return;     // guaranteed null or range check
 
-  pop();                      // index (already used)
-  Node* array = pop();        // the array itself
+  Node* array_index = pop();
+  Node* array = pop();
+
+  // Handle inline type arrays
+  const TypeOopPtr* element_ptr = elemtype->make_oopptr();
+  const TypeAryPtr* array_type = _gvn.type(array)->is_aryptr();
+
+  if (!array_type->is_not_flat()) {
+    // Cannot statically determine if array is a flat array, emit runtime check
+    assert(UseArrayFlattening && is_reference_type(bt) && element_ptr->can_be_inline_type() &&
+           (!element_ptr->is_inlinetypeptr() || element_ptr->inline_klass()->maybe_flat_in_array()), "array can't be flat");
+    IdealKit ideal(this);
+    IdealVariable res(ideal);
+    ideal.declarations_done();
+    ideal.if_then(flat_array_test(array, /* flat = */ false)); {
+      // Non-flat array
+      sync_kit(ideal);
+      if (!array_type->is_flat()) {
+        assert(array_type->is_flat() || control()->in(0)->as_If()->is_flat_array_check(&_gvn), "Should be found");
+        // Loading from a non-flat array, casting array to not flat.
+        const TypeAryPtr* ary_type = _gvn.type(prep_array)->is_aryptr();
+        ary_type = ary_type->cast_to_not_flat();
+        Node* not_flat_ary = _gvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(control(), prep_array, ary_type));
+        Node* adr = get_ptr_to_array_element(not_flat_ary, array_index, bt, ary_type->size(), control());
+        const TypeAryPtr* adr_type = TypeAryPtr::get_array_body_type(bt);
+        DecoratorSet decorator_set = IN_HEAP | IS_ARRAY | C2_CONTROL_DEPENDENT_LOAD;
+        if (needs_range_check(ary_type->size(), array_index)) {
+          // We've emitted a RangeCheck but now insert an additional check between the range check and the actual load.
+          // We cannot pin the load to two separate nodes. Instead, we pin it conservatively here such that it cannot
+          // possibly float above the range check at any point.
+          decorator_set |= C2_UNKNOWN_CONTROL_LOAD;
+        }
+        Node* ld = access_load_at(not_flat_ary, adr, adr_type, element_ptr, bt, decorator_set);
+        if (element_ptr->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+          ld = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(this, ld, element_ptr->inline_klass());
+        }
+        ideal.set(res, ld);
+      }
+      ideal.sync_kit(this);
+    } ideal.else_(); {
+      // Flat array
+      sync_kit(ideal);
+      if (!array_type->is_not_flat()) {
+        if (element_ptr->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+          ciInlineKlass* vk = element_ptr->inline_klass();
+          Node* flat_array = cast_to_flat_array(array, vk);
+          Node* vt = InlineTypeNode::make_from_flat_array(this, vk, flat_array, array_index);
+          ideal.set(res, vt);
+        } else {
+          // Element type is unknown, and thus we cannot statically determine the exact flat array layout. Emit a
+          // runtime call to correctly load the inline type element from the flat array.
+          Node* inline_type = load_from_unknown_flat_array(array, array_index, element_ptr);
+          bool is_null_free = array_type->is_null_free() ||
+                              (!UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening && !UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening);
+          if (is_null_free) {
+            inline_type = cast_not_null(inline_type);
+          }
+          ideal.set(res, inline_type);
+        }
+      }
+      ideal.sync_kit(this);
+    } ideal.end_if();
+    sync_kit(ideal);
+    Node* ld = _gvn.transform(ideal.value(res));
+    ld = record_profile_for_speculation_at_array_load(ld);
+    push_node(bt, ld);
+    return;
+  }
 
   if (elemtype == TypeInt::BOOL) {
     bt = T_BOOLEAN;
   }
   const TypeAryPtr* adr_type = TypeAryPtr::get_array_body_type(bt);
-
+  Node* adr = get_ptr_to_array_element(prep_array, array_index, bt, array_type->size(), control());
   Node* ld = access_load_at(array, adr, adr_type, elemtype, bt,
                             IN_HEAP | IS_ARRAY | C2_CONTROL_DEPENDENT_LOAD);
-  if (big_val) {
-    push_pair(ld);
-  } else {
-    push(ld);
+  ld = record_profile_for_speculation_at_array_load(ld);
+  // Loading an inline type from a non-flat array
+  if (element_ptr != nullptr && element_ptr->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+    assert(!array_type->is_null_free() || !element_ptr->maybe_null(), "inline type array elements should never be null");
+    ld = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(this, ld, element_ptr->inline_klass());
   }
+  push_node(bt, ld);
 }
 
+Node* Parse::load_from_unknown_flat_array(Node* array, Node* array_index, const TypeOopPtr* element_ptr) {
+  // Below membars keep this access to an unknown flat array correctly
+  // ordered with other unknown and known flat array accesses.
+  insert_mem_bar_volatile(Op_MemBarCPUOrder, C->get_alias_index(TypeAryPtr::INLINES));
+
+  Node* call = nullptr;
+  {
+    // Re-execute flat array load if runtime call triggers deoptimization
+    PreserveReexecuteState preexecs(this);
+    jvms()->set_bci(_bci);
+    jvms()->set_should_reexecute(true);
+    inc_sp(2);
+    kill_dead_locals();
+    call = make_runtime_call(RC_NO_LEAF | RC_NO_IO,
+                             OptoRuntime::load_unknown_inline_Type(),
+                             OptoRuntime::load_unknown_inline_Java(),
+                             nullptr, TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM,
+                             array, array_index);
+  }
+  make_slow_call_ex(call, env()->Throwable_klass(), false);
+  Node* buffer = _gvn.transform(new ProjNode(call, TypeFunc::Parms));
+
+  insert_mem_bar_volatile(Op_MemBarCPUOrder, C->get_alias_index(TypeAryPtr::INLINES));
+
+  // Keep track of the information that the inline type is in flat arrays
+  const Type* unknown_value = element_ptr->is_instptr()->cast_to_flat_in_array();
+  return _gvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(control(), buffer, unknown_value));
+}
 
 //--------------------------------array_store----------------------------------
 void Parse::array_store(BasicType bt) {
   const Type* elemtype = Type::TOP;
-  bool big_val = bt == T_DOUBLE || bt == T_LONG;
-  Node* adr = array_addressing(bt, big_val ? 2 : 1, elemtype);
+  Node* prep_array = prepare_array_addressing(bt, type2size[bt], elemtype);
   if (stopped())  return;     // guaranteed null or range check
+
+  Node* adr = get_ptr_to_array_element(prep_array, /* index */peek(0+type2size[bt]), bt,
+    _gvn.type(prep_array)->is_aryptr()->size(), control());
+
+  Node* stored_value_casted = nullptr;
   if (bt == T_OBJECT) {
-    array_store_check();
+    stored_value_casted = array_store_check(adr, elemtype);
     if (stopped()) {
       return;
     }
   }
-  Node* val;                  // Oop to store
-  if (big_val) {
-    val = pop_pair();
-  } else {
-    val = pop();
-  }
-  pop();                      // index (already used)
-  Node* array = pop();        // the array itself
+  Node* const stored_value = pop_node(bt); // Value to store
+  Node* const array_index = pop();         // Index in the array
+  Node* array = pop();                     // The array itself
+
+  const TypeAryPtr* array_type = _gvn.type(array)->is_aryptr();
+  const TypeAryPtr* adr_type = TypeAryPtr::get_array_body_type(bt);
 
   if (elemtype == TypeInt::BOOL) {
     bt = T_BOOLEAN;
-  }
-  const TypeAryPtr* adr_type = TypeAryPtr::get_array_body_type(bt);
+  } else if (bt == T_OBJECT) {
+    elemtype = elemtype->make_oopptr();
+    const Type* stored_value_casted_type = _gvn.type(stored_value_casted);
+    // Based on the value to be stored, try to determine if the array is not null-free and/or not flat.
+    // This is only legal for non-null stores because the array_store_check always passes for null, even
+    // if the array is null-free. Null stores are handled in GraphKit::inline_array_null_guard().
+    bool not_inline = !stored_value_casted_type->maybe_null() && !stored_value_casted_type->is_oopptr()->can_be_inline_type();
+    bool not_null_free = not_inline;
+    bool not_flat = not_inline || ( stored_value_casted_type->is_inlinetypeptr() &&
+                                   !stored_value_casted_type->inline_klass()->maybe_flat_in_array());
+    if (!array_type->is_not_null_free() && not_null_free) {
+      // Storing a non-inline type, mark array as not null-free.
+      array_type = array_type->cast_to_not_null_free();
+      Node* cast = _gvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(control(), array, array_type));
+      replace_in_map(array, cast);
+      array = cast;
+    }
+    if (!array_type->is_not_flat() && not_flat) {
+      // Storing to a non-flat array, mark array as not flat.
+      array_type = array_type->cast_to_not_flat();
+      Node* cast = _gvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(control(), array, array_type));
+      replace_in_map(array, cast);
+      array = cast;
+    }
+
+    if (array_type->is_null_free() && elemtype->is_inlinetypeptr() && elemtype->inline_klass()->is_empty()) {
+      // Array of null-free empty inline type, there is only 1 state for the elements
+      assert(!stored_value_casted_type->maybe_null(), "should be guaranteed by array store check");
+      return;
+    }
 
-  access_store_at(array, adr, adr_type, val, elemtype, bt, MO_UNORDERED | IN_HEAP | IS_ARRAY);
+    if (!array_type->is_not_flat()) {
+      // Array might be a flat array, emit runtime checks (for null, a simple inline_array_null_guard is sufficient).
+      assert(UseArrayFlattening && !not_flat && elemtype->is_oopptr()->can_be_inline_type() &&
+             (!array_type->klass_is_exact() || array_type->is_flat()), "array can't be a flat array");
+      // TODO 8350865 Depending on the available layouts, we can avoid this check in below flat/not-flat branches. Also the safe_for_replace arg is now always true.
+      array = inline_array_null_guard(array, stored_value_casted, 3, true);
+      // Reload array type which could have been updated by inline_array_null_guard().
+      array_type = _gvn.type(array)->is_aryptr();
+      IdealKit ideal(this);
+      ideal.if_then(flat_array_test(array, /* flat = */ false)); {
+        // Non-flat array
+        if (!array_type->is_flat()) {
+          sync_kit(ideal);
+          assert(array_type->is_not_flat() || ideal.ctrl()->in(0)->as_If()->is_flat_array_check(&_gvn), "Should be found");
+          inc_sp(3);
+          access_store_at(array, adr, adr_type, stored_value_casted, elemtype, bt, MO_UNORDERED | IN_HEAP | IS_ARRAY, false);
+          dec_sp(3);
+          ideal.sync_kit(this);
+        }
+      } ideal.else_(); {
+        // Flat array
+        sync_kit(ideal);
+        if (!array_type->is_not_flat()) {
+          // Try to determine the inline klass type of the stored value
+          ciInlineKlass* vk = nullptr;
+          if (stored_value_casted_type->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+            vk = stored_value_casted_type->inline_klass();
+          } else if (elemtype->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+            vk = elemtype->inline_klass();
+          }
+
+          if (vk != nullptr) {
+            // Element type is known, cast and store to flat array layout.
+            Node* flat_array = cast_to_flat_array(array, vk);
+
+            // Re-execute flat array store if buffering triggers deoptimization
+            PreserveReexecuteState preexecs(this);
+            jvms()->set_should_reexecute(true);
+            inc_sp(3);
+
+            if (!stored_value_casted->is_InlineType()) {
+              assert(_gvn.type(stored_value_casted) == TypePtr::NULL_PTR, "Unexpected value");
+              stored_value_casted = InlineTypeNode::make_null(_gvn, vk);
+            }
+
+            stored_value_casted->as_InlineType()->store_flat_array(this, flat_array, array_index);
+          } else {
+            // Element type is unknown, emit a runtime call since the flat array layout is not statically known.
+            store_to_unknown_flat_array(array, array_index, stored_value_casted);
+          }
+        }
+        ideal.sync_kit(this);
+      }
+      ideal.end_if();
+      sync_kit(ideal);
+      return;
+    } else if (!array_type->is_not_null_free()) {
+      // Array is not flat but may be null free
+      assert(elemtype->is_oopptr()->can_be_inline_type(), "array can't be null-free");
+      array = inline_array_null_guard(array, stored_value_casted, 3, true);
+    }
+  }
+  inc_sp(3);
+  access_store_at(array, adr, adr_type, stored_value, elemtype, bt, MO_UNORDERED | IN_HEAP | IS_ARRAY);
+  dec_sp(3);
 }
 
+// Emit a runtime call to store to a flat array whose element type is either unknown (i.e. we do not know the flat
+// array layout) or not exact (could have different flat array layouts at runtime).
+void Parse::store_to_unknown_flat_array(Node* array, Node* const idx, Node* non_null_stored_value) {
+  // Below membars keep this access to an unknown flat array correctly
+  // ordered with other unknown and known flat array accesses.
+  insert_mem_bar_volatile(Op_MemBarCPUOrder, C->get_alias_index(TypeAryPtr::INLINES));
+
+  Node* call = nullptr;
+  {
+    // Re-execute flat array store if runtime call triggers deoptimization
+    PreserveReexecuteState preexecs(this);
+    jvms()->set_bci(_bci);
+    jvms()->set_should_reexecute(true);
+    inc_sp(3);
+    kill_dead_locals();
+    call = make_runtime_call(RC_NO_LEAF | RC_NO_IO,
+                      OptoRuntime::store_unknown_inline_Type(),
+                      OptoRuntime::store_unknown_inline_Java(),
+                      nullptr, TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM,
+                      non_null_stored_value, array, idx);
+  }
+  make_slow_call_ex(call, env()->Throwable_klass(), false);
+
+  insert_mem_bar_volatile(Op_MemBarCPUOrder, C->get_alias_index(TypeAryPtr::INLINES));
+}
 
 //------------------------------array_addressing-------------------------------
 // Pull array and index from the stack.  Compute pointer-to-element.
-Node* Parse::array_addressing(BasicType type, int vals, const Type*& elemtype) {
+Node* Parse::prepare_array_addressing(BasicType type, int vals, const Type*& elemtype) {
   Node *idx   = peek(0+vals);   // Get from stack without popping
   Node *ary   = peek(1+vals);   // in case of exception
 
@@ -132,17 +369,6 @@ Node* Parse::array_addressing(BasicType type, int vals, const Type*& elemtype) {
     }
   }
 
-  // Check for big class initializers with all constant offsets
-  // feeding into a known-size array.
-  const TypeInt* idxtype = _gvn.type(idx)->is_int();
-  // See if the highest idx value is less than the lowest array bound,
-  // and if the idx value cannot be negative:
-  bool need_range_check = true;
-  if (idxtype->_hi < sizetype->_lo && idxtype->_lo >= 0) {
-    need_range_check = false;
-    if (C->log() != nullptr)   C->log()->elem("observe that='!need_range_check'");
-  }
-
   if (!arytype->is_loaded()) {
     // Only fails for some -Xcomp runs
     // The class is unloaded.  We have to run this bytecode in the interpreter.
@@ -154,62 +380,228 @@ Node* Parse::array_addressing(BasicType type, int vals, const Type*& elemtype) {
     return top();
   }
 
-  // Do the range check
-  if (need_range_check) {
-    Node* tst;
-    if (sizetype->_hi <= 0) {
-      // The greatest array bound is negative, so we can conclude that we're
-      // compiling unreachable code, but the unsigned compare trick used below
-      // only works with non-negative lengths.  Instead, hack "tst" to be zero so
-      // the uncommon_trap path will always be taken.
-      tst = _gvn.intcon(0);
-    } else {
-      // Range is constant in array-oop, so we can use the original state of mem
-      Node* len = load_array_length(ary);
+  ary = create_speculative_inline_type_array_checks(ary, arytype, elemtype);
 
-      // Test length vs index (standard trick using unsigned compare)
-      Node* chk = _gvn.transform( new CmpUNode(idx, len) );
-      BoolTest::mask btest = BoolTest::lt;
-      tst = _gvn.transform( new BoolNode(chk, btest) );
-    }
-    RangeCheckNode* rc = new RangeCheckNode(control(), tst, PROB_MAX, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
-    _gvn.set_type(rc, rc->Value(&_gvn));
-    if (!tst->is_Con()) {
-      record_for_igvn(rc);
-    }
-    set_control(_gvn.transform(new IfTrueNode(rc)));
-    // Branch to failure if out of bounds
-    {
-      PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
-      set_control(_gvn.transform(new IfFalseNode(rc)));
-      if (C->allow_range_check_smearing()) {
-        // Do not use builtin_throw, since range checks are sometimes
-        // made more stringent by an optimistic transformation.
-        // This creates "tentative" range checks at this point,
-        // which are not guaranteed to throw exceptions.
-        // See IfNode::Ideal, is_range_check, adjust_check.
-        uncommon_trap(Deoptimization::Reason_range_check,
-                      Deoptimization::Action_make_not_entrant,
-                      nullptr, "range_check");
-      } else {
-        // If we have already recompiled with the range-check-widening
-        // heroic optimization turned off, then we must really be throwing
-        // range check exceptions.
-        builtin_throw(Deoptimization::Reason_range_check);
-      }
-    }
+  if (needs_range_check(sizetype, idx)) {
+    create_range_check(idx, ary, sizetype);
+  } else if (C->log() != nullptr) {
+    C->log()->elem("observe that='!need_range_check'");
   }
+
   // Check for always knowing you are throwing a range-check exception
   if (stopped())  return top();
 
+  return ary;
+}
+
+Node* Parse::get_ptr_to_array_element(Node* array, Node* idx, BasicType elembt, const TypeInt* sizetype, Node* control) {
   // Make array address computation control dependent to prevent it
   // from floating above the range check during loop optimizations.
-  Node* ptr = array_element_address(ary, idx, type, sizetype, control());
+  Node* ptr = array_element_address(array, idx, elembt, sizetype, control);
   assert(ptr != top(), "top should go hand-in-hand with stopped");
 
   return ptr;
 }
 
+// Check if we need a range check for an array access. This is the case if the index is either negative or if it could
+// be greater or equal the smallest possible array size (i.e. out-of-bounds).
+bool Parse::needs_range_check(const TypeInt* size_type, const Node* index) const {
+  const TypeInt* index_type = _gvn.type(index)->is_int();
+  return index_type->_hi >= size_type->_lo || index_type->_lo < 0;
+}
+
+void Parse::create_range_check(Node* idx, Node* ary, const TypeInt* sizetype) {
+  Node* tst;
+  if (sizetype->_hi <= 0) {
+    // The greatest array bound is negative, so we can conclude that we're
+    // compiling unreachable code, but the unsigned compare trick used below
+    // only works with non-negative lengths.  Instead, hack "tst" to be zero so
+    // the uncommon_trap path will always be taken.
+    tst = _gvn.intcon(0);
+  } else {
+    // Range is constant in array-oop, so we can use the original state of mem
+    Node* len = load_array_length(ary);
+
+    // Test length vs index (standard trick using unsigned compare)
+    Node* chk = _gvn.transform(new CmpUNode(idx, len) );
+    BoolTest::mask btest = BoolTest::lt;
+    tst = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(chk, btest) );
+  }
+  RangeCheckNode* rc = new RangeCheckNode(control(), tst, PROB_MAX, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
+  _gvn.set_type(rc, rc->Value(&_gvn));
+  if (!tst->is_Con()) {
+    record_for_igvn(rc);
+  }
+  set_control(_gvn.transform(new IfTrueNode(rc)));
+  // Branch to failure if out of bounds
+  {
+    PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
+    set_control(_gvn.transform(new IfFalseNode(rc)));
+    if (C->allow_range_check_smearing()) {
+      // Do not use builtin_throw, since range checks are sometimes
+      // made more stringent by an optimistic transformation.
+      // This creates "tentative" range checks at this point,
+      // which are not guaranteed to throw exceptions.
+      // See IfNode::Ideal, is_range_check, adjust_check.
+      uncommon_trap(Deoptimization::Reason_range_check,
+                    Deoptimization::Action_make_not_entrant,
+                    nullptr, "range_check");
+    } else {
+      // If we have already recompiled with the range-check-widening
+      // heroic optimization turned off, then we must really be throwing
+      // range check exceptions.
+      builtin_throw(Deoptimization::Reason_range_check);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// For inline type arrays, we can use the profiling information for array accesses to speculate on the type, flatness,
+// and null-freeness. We can either prepare the speculative type for later uses or emit explicit speculative checks with
+// traps now. In the latter case, the speculative type guarantees can avoid additional runtime checks later (e.g.
+// non-null-free implies non-flat which allows us to remove flatness checks). This makes the graph simpler.
+Node* Parse::create_speculative_inline_type_array_checks(Node* array, const TypeAryPtr* array_type,
+                                                         const Type*& element_type) {
+  if (!array_type->is_flat() && !array_type->is_not_flat()) {
+    // For arrays that might be flat, speculate that the array has the exact type reported in the profile data such that
+    // we can rely on a fixed memory layout (i.e. either a flat layout or not).
+    array = cast_to_speculative_array_type(array, array_type, element_type);
+  } else if (UseTypeSpeculation && UseArrayLoadStoreProfile) {
+    // Array is known to be either flat or not flat. If possible, update the speculative type by using the profile data
+    // at this bci.
+    array = cast_to_profiled_array_type(array);
+  }
+
+  // Even though the type does not tell us whether we have an inline type array or not, we can still check the profile data
+  // whether we have a non-null-free or non-flat array. Speculating on a non-null-free array doesn't help aaload but could
+  // be profitable for a subsequent aastore.
+  if (!array_type->is_null_free() && !array_type->is_not_null_free()) {
+    array = speculate_non_null_free_array(array, array_type);
+  }
+  if (!array_type->is_flat() && !array_type->is_not_flat()) {
+    array = speculate_non_flat_array(array, array_type);
+  }
+  return array;
+}
+
+// Speculate that the array has the exact type reported in the profile data. We emit a trap when this turns out to be
+// wrong. On the fast path, we add a CheckCastPP to use the exact type.
+Node* Parse::cast_to_speculative_array_type(Node* const array, const TypeAryPtr*& array_type, const Type*& element_type) {
+  Deoptimization::DeoptReason reason = Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_class_check;
+  ciKlass* speculative_array_type = array_type->speculative_type();
+  if (too_many_traps_or_recompiles(reason) || speculative_array_type == nullptr) {
+    // No speculative type, check profile data at this bci
+    speculative_array_type = nullptr;
+    reason = Deoptimization::Reason_class_check;
+    if (UseArrayLoadStoreProfile && !too_many_traps_or_recompiles(reason)) {
+      ciKlass* profiled_element_type = nullptr;
+      ProfilePtrKind element_ptr = ProfileMaybeNull;
+      bool flat_array = true;
+      bool null_free_array = true;
+      method()->array_access_profiled_type(bci(), speculative_array_type, profiled_element_type, element_ptr, flat_array,
+                                           null_free_array);
+    }
+  }
+  if (speculative_array_type != nullptr) {
+    // Speculate that this array has the exact type reported by profile data
+    Node* casted_array = nullptr;
+    DEBUG_ONLY(Node* old_control = control();)
+    Node* slow_ctl = type_check_receiver(array, speculative_array_type, 1.0, &casted_array);
+    if (stopped()) {
+      // The check always fails and therefore profile information is incorrect. Don't use it.
+      assert(old_control == slow_ctl, "type check should have been removed");
+      set_control(slow_ctl);
+    } else if (!slow_ctl->is_top()) {
+      { PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
+        set_control(slow_ctl);
+        uncommon_trap_exact(reason, Deoptimization::Action_maybe_recompile);
+      }
+      replace_in_map(array, casted_array);
+      array_type = _gvn.type(casted_array)->is_aryptr();
+      element_type = array_type->elem();
+      return casted_array;
+    }
+  }
+  return array;
+}
+
+// Create a CheckCastPP when the speculative type can improve the current type.
+Node* Parse::cast_to_profiled_array_type(Node* const array) {
+  ciKlass* array_type = nullptr;
+  ciKlass* element_type = nullptr;
+  ProfilePtrKind element_ptr = ProfileMaybeNull;
+  bool flat_array = true;
+  bool null_free_array = true;
+  method()->array_access_profiled_type(bci(), array_type, element_type, element_ptr, flat_array, null_free_array);
+  if (array_type != nullptr) {
+    return record_profile_for_speculation(array, array_type, ProfileMaybeNull);
+  }
+  return array;
+}
+
+// Speculate that the array is non-null-free. We emit a trap when this turns out to be
+// wrong. On the fast path, we add a CheckCastPP to use the non-null-free type.
+Node* Parse::speculate_non_null_free_array(Node* const array, const TypeAryPtr*& array_type) {
+  bool null_free_array = true;
+  Deoptimization::DeoptReason reason = Deoptimization::Reason_none;
+  if (array_type->speculative() != nullptr &&
+      array_type->speculative()->is_aryptr()->is_not_null_free() &&
+      !too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_class_check)) {
+    null_free_array = false;
+    reason = Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_class_check;
+  } else if (UseArrayLoadStoreProfile && !too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::Reason_class_check)) {
+    ciKlass* profiled_array_type = nullptr;
+    ciKlass* profiled_element_type = nullptr;
+    ProfilePtrKind element_ptr = ProfileMaybeNull;
+    bool flat_array = true;
+    method()->array_access_profiled_type(bci(), profiled_array_type, profiled_element_type, element_ptr, flat_array,
+                                         null_free_array);
+    reason = Deoptimization::Reason_class_check;
+  }
+  if (!null_free_array) {
+    { // Deoptimize if null-free array
+      BuildCutout unless(this, null_free_array_test(array, /* null_free = */ false), PROB_MAX);
+      uncommon_trap_exact(reason, Deoptimization::Action_maybe_recompile);
+    }
+    assert(!stopped(), "null-free array should have been caught earlier");
+    Node* casted_array = _gvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(control(), array, array_type->cast_to_not_null_free()));
+    replace_in_map(array, casted_array);
+    array_type = _gvn.type(casted_array)->is_aryptr();
+    return casted_array;
+  }
+  return array;
+}
+
+// Speculate that the array is non-flat. We emit a trap when this turns out to be wrong.
+// On the fast path, we add a CheckCastPP to use the non-flat type.
+Node* Parse::speculate_non_flat_array(Node* const array, const TypeAryPtr* const array_type) {
+  bool flat_array = true;
+  Deoptimization::DeoptReason reason = Deoptimization::Reason_none;
+  if (array_type->speculative() != nullptr &&
+      array_type->speculative()->is_aryptr()->is_not_flat() &&
+      !too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_class_check)) {
+    flat_array = false;
+    reason = Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_class_check;
+  } else if (UseArrayLoadStoreProfile && !too_many_traps_or_recompiles(reason)) {
+    ciKlass* profiled_array_type = nullptr;
+    ciKlass* profiled_element_type = nullptr;
+    ProfilePtrKind element_ptr = ProfileMaybeNull;
+    bool null_free_array = true;
+    method()->array_access_profiled_type(bci(), profiled_array_type, profiled_element_type, element_ptr, flat_array,
+                                         null_free_array);
+    reason = Deoptimization::Reason_class_check;
+  }
+  if (!flat_array) {
+    { // Deoptimize if flat array
+      BuildCutout unless(this, flat_array_test(array, /* flat = */ false), PROB_MAX);
+      uncommon_trap_exact(reason, Deoptimization::Action_maybe_recompile);
+    }
+    assert(!stopped(), "flat array should have been caught earlier");
+    Node* casted_array = _gvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(control(), array, array_type->cast_to_not_flat()));
+    replace_in_map(array, casted_array);
+    return casted_array;
+  }
+  return array;
+}
 
 // returns IfNode
 IfNode* Parse::jump_if_fork_int(Node* a, Node* b, BoolTest::mask mask, float prob, float cnt) {
@@ -1467,7 +1859,7 @@ void Parse::do_ifnull(BoolTest::mask btest, Node *c) {
 }
 
 //------------------------------------do_if------------------------------------
-void Parse::do_if(BoolTest::mask btest, Node* c) {
+void Parse::do_if(BoolTest::mask btest, Node* c, bool can_trap, bool new_path, Node** ctrl_taken, Node** mem_taken, Node** io_taken) {
   int target_bci = iter().get_dest();
 
   Block* branch_block = successor_for_bci(target_bci);
@@ -1558,14 +1950,28 @@ void Parse::do_if(BoolTest::mask btest, Node* c) {
     set_control(taken_branch);
 
     if (stopped()) {
-      if (C->eliminate_boxing()) {
-        // Mark the successor block as parsed
+      if (C->eliminate_boxing() && !new_path) {
+        // Mark the successor block as parsed (if we haven't created a new path)
         branch_block->next_path_num();
       }
     } else {
-      adjust_map_after_if(taken_btest, c, prob, branch_block);
+      adjust_map_after_if(taken_btest, c, prob, branch_block, can_trap);
       if (!stopped()) {
-        merge(target_bci);
+        if (new_path) {
+          // Merge by using a new path
+          merge_new_path(target_bci);
+        } else if (ctrl_taken != nullptr) {
+          // Don't merge but save taken branch to be wired by caller
+          *ctrl_taken = control();
+          if (mem_taken != nullptr) {
+            *mem_taken = reset_memory();
+          }
+          if (io_taken != nullptr) {
+            *io_taken = i_o();
+          }
+        } else {
+          merge(target_bci);
+        }
       }
     }
   }
@@ -1574,13 +1980,13 @@ void Parse::do_if(BoolTest::mask btest, Node* c) {
   set_control(untaken_branch);
 
   // Branch not taken.
-  if (stopped()) {
+  if (stopped() && ctrl_taken == nullptr) {
     if (C->eliminate_boxing()) {
-      // Mark the successor block as parsed
+      // Mark the successor block as parsed (if caller does not re-wire control flow)
       next_block->next_path_num();
     }
   } else {
-    adjust_map_after_if(untaken_btest, c, untaken_prob, next_block);
+    adjust_map_after_if(untaken_btest, c, untaken_prob, next_block, can_trap);
   }
 
   if (do_stress_trap) {
@@ -1588,6 +1994,548 @@ void Parse::do_if(BoolTest::mask btest, Node* c) {
   }
 }
 
+
+static ProfilePtrKind speculative_ptr_kind(const TypeOopPtr* t) {
+  if (t->speculative() == nullptr) {
+    return ProfileUnknownNull;
+  }
+  if (t->speculative_always_null()) {
+    return ProfileAlwaysNull;
+  }
+  if (t->speculative_maybe_null()) {
+    return ProfileMaybeNull;
+  }
+  return ProfileNeverNull;
+}
+
+void Parse::acmp_always_null_input(Node* input, const TypeOopPtr* tinput, BoolTest::mask btest, Node* eq_region) {
+  if (btest == BoolTest::ne) {
+    {
+      PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
+      inc_sp(2);
+      null_check_common(input, T_OBJECT, true, nullptr,
+                        !too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_null_check) &&
+                        speculative_ptr_kind(tinput) == ProfileAlwaysNull);
+      dec_sp(2);
+      int target_bci = iter().get_dest();
+      merge(target_bci);
+    }
+    record_for_igvn(eq_region);
+    set_control(_gvn.transform(eq_region));
+  } else {
+    inc_sp(2);
+    null_check_common(input, T_OBJECT, true, nullptr,
+                      !too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_null_check) &&
+                      speculative_ptr_kind(tinput) == ProfileAlwaysNull);
+    dec_sp(2);
+  }
+}
+
+Node* Parse::acmp_null_check(Node* input, const TypeOopPtr* tinput, ProfilePtrKind input_ptr, Node*& null_ctl) {
+  inc_sp(2);
+  null_ctl = top();
+  Node* cast = null_check_oop(input, &null_ctl,
+                              input_ptr == ProfileNeverNull || (input_ptr == ProfileUnknownNull && !too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::Reason_null_check)),
+                              false,
+                              speculative_ptr_kind(tinput) == ProfileNeverNull &&
+                              !too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_null_check));
+  dec_sp(2);
+  return cast;
+}
+
+void Parse::acmp_type_check_or_trap(Node** non_null_input, ciKlass* input_type, Deoptimization::DeoptReason reason) {
+  Node* slow_ctl = type_check_receiver(*non_null_input, input_type, 1.0, non_null_input);
+  {
+    PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
+    inc_sp(2);
+    set_control(slow_ctl);
+    uncommon_trap_exact(reason, Deoptimization::Action_maybe_recompile);
+  }
+}
+
+void Parse::acmp_type_check(Node* input, const TypeOopPtr* tinput, ProfilePtrKind input_ptr, ciKlass* input_type, BoolTest::mask btest, Node* eq_region) {
+  Node* null_ctl;
+  Node* cast = acmp_null_check(input, tinput, input_ptr, null_ctl);
+
+  if (input_type != nullptr) {
+    Deoptimization::DeoptReason reason;
+    if (tinput->speculative_type() != nullptr && !too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_class_check)) {
+      reason = Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_class_check;
+    } else {
+      reason = Deoptimization::Reason_class_check;
+    }
+    acmp_type_check_or_trap(&cast, input_type, reason);
+  } else {
+    // No specific type, check for inline type
+    BuildCutout unless(this, inline_type_test(cast, /* is_inline = */ false), PROB_MAX);
+    inc_sp(2);
+    uncommon_trap_exact(Deoptimization::Reason_class_check, Deoptimization::Action_maybe_recompile);
+  }
+
+  Node* ne_region = new RegionNode(2);
+  ne_region->add_req(null_ctl);
+  ne_region->add_req(control());
+
+  record_for_igvn(ne_region);
+  set_control(_gvn.transform(ne_region));
+  if (btest == BoolTest::ne) {
+    {
+      PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
+      if (null_ctl == top()) {
+        replace_in_map(input, cast);
+      }
+      int target_bci = iter().get_dest();
+      merge(target_bci);
+    }
+    record_for_igvn(eq_region);
+    set_control(_gvn.transform(eq_region));
+  } else {
+    if (null_ctl == top()) {
+      replace_in_map(input, cast);
+    }
+    set_control(_gvn.transform(ne_region));
+  }
+}
+
+void Parse::do_acmp(BoolTest::mask btest, Node* left, Node* right) {
+  ciKlass* left_type = nullptr;
+  ciKlass* right_type = nullptr;
+  ProfilePtrKind left_ptr = ProfileUnknownNull;
+  ProfilePtrKind right_ptr = ProfileUnknownNull;
+  bool left_inline_type = true;
+  bool right_inline_type = true;
+
+  // Leverage profiling at acmp
+  if (UseACmpProfile) {
+    method()->acmp_profiled_type(bci(), left_type, right_type, left_ptr, right_ptr, left_inline_type, right_inline_type);
+    if (too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::Reason_class_check)) {
+      left_type = nullptr;
+      right_type = nullptr;
+      left_inline_type = true;
+      right_inline_type = true;
+    }
+    if (too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::Reason_null_check)) {
+      left_ptr = ProfileUnknownNull;
+      right_ptr = ProfileUnknownNull;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (UseTypeSpeculation) {
+    record_profile_for_speculation(left, left_type, left_ptr);
+    record_profile_for_speculation(right, right_type, right_ptr);
+  }
+
+  if (!Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    Node* cmp = CmpP(left, right);
+    cmp = optimize_cmp_with_klass(cmp);
+    do_if(btest, cmp);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Check for equality before potentially allocating
+  if (left == right) {
+    do_if(btest, makecon(TypeInt::CC_EQ));
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Allocate inline type operands and re-execute on deoptimization
+  if (left->is_InlineType()) {
+    PreserveReexecuteState preexecs(this);
+    inc_sp(2);
+    jvms()->set_should_reexecute(true);
+    left = left->as_InlineType()->buffer(this);
+  }
+  if (right->is_InlineType()) {
+    PreserveReexecuteState preexecs(this);
+    inc_sp(2);
+    jvms()->set_should_reexecute(true);
+    right = right->as_InlineType()->buffer(this);
+  }
+
+  // First, do a normal pointer comparison
+  const TypeOopPtr* tleft = _gvn.type(left)->isa_oopptr();
+  const TypeOopPtr* tright = _gvn.type(right)->isa_oopptr();
+  Node* cmp = CmpP(left, right);
+  record_for_igvn(cmp);
+  cmp = optimize_cmp_with_klass(cmp);
+  if (tleft == nullptr || !tleft->can_be_inline_type() ||
+      tright == nullptr || !tright->can_be_inline_type()) {
+    // This is sufficient, if one of the operands can't be an inline type
+    do_if(btest, cmp);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Don't add traps to unstable if branches because additional checks are required to
+  // decide if the operands are equal/substitutable and we therefore shouldn't prune
+  // branches for one if based on the profiling of the acmp branches.
+  // Also, OptimizeUnstableIf would set an incorrect re-rexecution state because it
+  // assumes that there is a 1-1 mapping between the if and the acmp branches and that
+  // hitting a trap means that we will take the corresponding acmp branch on re-execution.
+  const bool can_trap = true;
+
+  Node* eq_region = nullptr;
+  if (btest == BoolTest::eq) {
+    do_if(btest, cmp, !can_trap, true);
+    if (stopped()) {
+      // Pointers are equal, operands must be equal
+      return;
+    }
+  } else {
+    assert(btest == BoolTest::ne, "only eq or ne");
+    Node* is_not_equal = nullptr;
+    eq_region = new RegionNode(4);
+    {
+      PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
+      // Pointers are not equal, but more checks are needed to determine if the operands are (not) substitutable
+      do_if(btest, cmp, !can_trap, false, &is_not_equal);
+      if (!stopped()) {
+        eq_region->init_req(1, control());
+      }
+    }
+    if (is_not_equal == nullptr || is_not_equal->is_top()) {
+      record_for_igvn(eq_region);
+      set_control(_gvn.transform(eq_region));
+      return;
+    }
+    set_control(is_not_equal);
+  }
+
+  // Prefer speculative types if available
+  if (!too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_class_check)) {
+    if (tleft->speculative_type() != nullptr) {
+      left_type = tleft->speculative_type();
+    }
+    if (tright->speculative_type() != nullptr) {
+      right_type = tright->speculative_type();
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (speculative_ptr_kind(tleft) != ProfileMaybeNull && speculative_ptr_kind(tleft) != ProfileUnknownNull) {
+    ProfilePtrKind speculative_left_ptr = speculative_ptr_kind(tleft);
+    if (speculative_left_ptr == ProfileAlwaysNull && !too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_null_assert)) {
+      left_ptr = speculative_left_ptr;
+    } else if (speculative_left_ptr == ProfileNeverNull && !too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_null_check)) {
+      left_ptr = speculative_left_ptr;
+    }
+  }
+  if (speculative_ptr_kind(tright) != ProfileMaybeNull && speculative_ptr_kind(tright) != ProfileUnknownNull) {
+    ProfilePtrKind speculative_right_ptr = speculative_ptr_kind(tright);
+    if (speculative_right_ptr == ProfileAlwaysNull && !too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_null_assert)) {
+      right_ptr = speculative_right_ptr;
+    } else if (speculative_right_ptr == ProfileNeverNull && !too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_null_check)) {
+      right_ptr = speculative_right_ptr;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (left_ptr == ProfileAlwaysNull) {
+    // Comparison with null. Assert the input is indeed null and we're done.
+    acmp_always_null_input(left, tleft, btest, eq_region);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (right_ptr == ProfileAlwaysNull) {
+    // Comparison with null. Assert the input is indeed null and we're done.
+    acmp_always_null_input(right, tright, btest, eq_region);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (left_type != nullptr && !left_type->is_inlinetype()) {
+    // Comparison with an object of known type
+    acmp_type_check(left, tleft, left_ptr, left_type, btest, eq_region);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (right_type != nullptr && !right_type->is_inlinetype()) {
+    // Comparison with an object of known type
+    acmp_type_check(right, tright, right_ptr, right_type, btest, eq_region);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (!left_inline_type) {
+    // Comparison with an object known not to be an inline type
+    acmp_type_check(left, tleft, left_ptr, nullptr, btest, eq_region);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (!right_inline_type) {
+    // Comparison with an object known not to be an inline type
+    acmp_type_check(right, tright, right_ptr, nullptr, btest, eq_region);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Pointers are not equal, check if first operand is non-null
+  Node* ne_region = new RegionNode(7);
+  Node* null_ctl = nullptr;
+  Node* not_null_left = nullptr;
+  Node* not_null_right = acmp_null_check(right, tright, right_ptr, null_ctl);
+  ne_region->init_req(1, null_ctl);
+
+  Node* kls_right = nullptr;
+  if (!stopped()) {
+    // First operand is non-null, check if it is the speculative inline type if possible
+    // (which later allows isSubstitutable to be intrinsified), or any inline type if no
+    // speculation is available.
+    if (right_type != nullptr && right_type->is_inlinetype()) {
+      acmp_type_check_or_trap(&not_null_right, right_type, Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_class_check);
+    } else {
+      Node* is_value = inline_type_test(not_null_right);
+      IfNode* is_value_iff = create_and_map_if(control(), is_value, PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
+      Node* not_value = _gvn.transform(new IfFalseNode(is_value_iff));
+      ne_region->init_req(2, not_value);
+      set_control(_gvn.transform(new IfTrueNode(is_value_iff)));
+    }
+
+    // The first operand is an inline type, check if the second operand is non-null
+    not_null_left = acmp_null_check(left, tleft, left_ptr, null_ctl);
+    ne_region->init_req(3, null_ctl);
+    if (!stopped()) {
+      // Check if lhs operand is of a specific speculative inline type (see above).
+      // If not, we don't need to enforce that the lhs is a value object since we know
+      // it already for the rhs, and must enforce that they have the same type.
+      if (left_type != nullptr && left_type->is_inlinetype()) {
+        acmp_type_check_or_trap(&not_null_left, left_type, Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_class_check);
+      }
+      if (!stopped()) {
+        // Check if both operands are of the same class.
+        Node* kls_left = load_object_klass(not_null_left);
+        kls_right = load_object_klass(not_null_right);
+        Node* kls_cmp = CmpP(kls_left, kls_right);
+        Node* kls_bol = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(kls_cmp, BoolTest::ne));
+        IfNode* kls_iff = create_and_map_if(control(), kls_bol, PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
+        Node* kls_ne = _gvn.transform(new IfTrueNode(kls_iff));
+        set_control(_gvn.transform(new IfFalseNode(kls_iff)));
+        ne_region->init_req(4, kls_ne);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (stopped()) {
+    record_for_igvn(ne_region);
+    set_control(_gvn.transform(ne_region));
+    if (btest == BoolTest::ne) {
+      {
+        PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
+        int target_bci = iter().get_dest();
+        merge(target_bci);
+      }
+      record_for_igvn(eq_region);
+      set_control(_gvn.transform(eq_region));
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+  assert(kls_right != nullptr, "");
+
+  IfNode* mask_iff = nullptr;
+  // If any operand has a precisely known type, isSubstitutable will be intrinsified, so we don't need the fast path
+  if (UseAcmpFastPath && !_gvn.type(not_null_left)->is_inlinetypeptr() && !_gvn.type(not_null_right)->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+    /* Here, we are generating the fast path (the slow path being the call to isSubstitutable)
+     * See the declarations of _fast_acmp_offset and _fast_acmp_mask in InlineKlass::Members
+     * for details about the fast path logic, and the meaning of these values.
+     */
+    Node* members_addr = off_heap_plus_addr(kls_right, in_bytes(InlineKlass::adr_members_offset()));
+    Node* members = make_load(control(), members_addr, TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM, T_ADDRESS, MemNode::unordered);
+    Node* offset_addr = off_heap_plus_addr(members, in_bytes(InlineKlass::fast_acmp_offset_offset()));
+    Node* offset = make_load(control(), offset_addr, TypeInt::INT, T_INT, MemNode::unordered);
+
+    Node* offset_cmp = CmpI(offset, zerocon(T_INT));
+    Node* offset_bol = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(offset_cmp, BoolTest::lt));
+    mask_iff = create_and_map_if(control(), offset_bol, PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
+    Node* slow_path_ctl = _gvn.transform(new IfTrueNode(mask_iff));
+    Node* fast_path_ctl = _gvn.transform(new IfFalseNode(mask_iff));
+    set_control(slow_path_ctl);
+
+    {
+      PreserveJVMState jvms(this);
+      set_control(fast_path_ctl);
+
+      Node* offset_l = ConvI2L(offset);
+      Node* fast_acmp_mask_addr = off_heap_plus_addr(members, in_bytes(InlineKlass::fast_acmp_mask_offset()));
+      Node* fast_acmp_mask = make_load(control(), fast_acmp_mask_addr, TypeLong::LONG, T_LONG, MemNode::unordered);
+
+      // *(left + offset) & mask == *(right + offset) & mask
+      Node* left_payload_addr = basic_plus_adr(not_null_left, offset_l);
+      Node* left_payload = make_load(control(), left_payload_addr, TypeLong::LONG, T_LONG, MemNode::unordered, LoadNNode::DependsOnlyOnTest, false, true, true, true);
+      Node* left_masked = _gvn.transform(new AndLNode(left_payload, fast_acmp_mask));
+
+      Node* right_payload_addr = basic_plus_adr(not_null_right, offset_l);
+      Node* right_payload = make_load(control(), right_payload_addr, TypeLong::LONG, T_LONG, MemNode::unordered, LoadNNode::DependsOnlyOnTest, false, true, true, true);
+      Node* right_masked = _gvn.transform(new AndLNode(right_payload, fast_acmp_mask));
+
+      Node* masked_cmp = CmpL(left_masked, right_masked);
+
+      Node* ctl = C->top();
+      if (btest == BoolTest::eq) {
+        PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
+        do_if(btest, masked_cmp, !can_trap, true, nullptr);
+        if (!stopped()) {
+          ctl = control();
+        }
+      } else {
+        assert(btest == BoolTest::ne, "only eq or ne");
+        PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
+        do_if(btest, masked_cmp, !can_trap, false, &ctl);
+        if (!stopped()) {
+          eq_region->init_req(3, control());
+        }
+      }
+      ne_region->init_req(6, ctl);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Both operands are values types of the same class, we need to perform a
+  // substitutability test. Delegate to ValueObjectMethods::isSubstitutable().
+  Node* ne_io_phi = PhiNode::make(ne_region, i_o());
+  Node* mem = reset_memory();
+  Node* ne_mem_phi = PhiNode::make(ne_region, mem);
+
+  Node* eq_io_phi = nullptr;
+  Node* eq_mem_phi = nullptr;
+  if (eq_region != nullptr) {
+    eq_io_phi = PhiNode::make(eq_region, i_o());
+    eq_mem_phi = PhiNode::make(eq_region, mem);
+  }
+
+  set_all_memory(mem);
+
+  kill_dead_locals();
+  ciSymbol* subst_method_name = ciSymbols::isSubstitutable_name();
+  ciMethod* subst_method = ciEnv::current()->ValueObjectMethods_klass()->find_method(subst_method_name, ciSymbols::object_object_boolean_signature());
+  CallStaticJavaNode* call = new CallStaticJavaNode(C, TypeFunc::make(subst_method), SharedRuntime::get_resolve_static_call_stub(), subst_method);
+  call->set_override_symbolic_info(true);
+  call->init_req(TypeFunc::Parms, not_null_left);
+  call->init_req(TypeFunc::Parms+1, not_null_right);
+  inc_sp(2);
+  set_edges_for_java_call(call, false, false);
+  Node* ret = set_results_for_java_call(call, false, true);
+  dec_sp(2);
+
+  assert(acmp_fast_path_if_from_substitutable_call(&_gvn, call) == mask_iff, "");
+
+  // Test the return value of ValueObjectMethods::isSubstitutable()
+  // This is the last check, do_if can emit traps now.
+  Node* subst_cmp = _gvn.transform(new CmpINode(ret, intcon(1)));
+  Node* ctl = C->top();
+  Node* mem_taken = nullptr;
+  Node* io_taken = nullptr;
+  if (btest == BoolTest::eq) {
+    PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
+    // Also merges branch block.
+    do_if(btest, subst_cmp, can_trap, false, nullptr, &mem_taken, &io_taken);
+    if (!stopped()) {
+      ctl = control();
+      mem_taken = reset_memory();
+      io_taken = i_o();
+    }
+  } else {
+    assert(btest == BoolTest::ne, "only eq or ne");
+    PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
+    do_if(btest, subst_cmp, can_trap, false, &ctl, &mem_taken, &io_taken);
+    if (!stopped()) {
+      eq_region->init_req(2, control());
+      eq_io_phi->init_req(2, i_o());
+      eq_mem_phi->init_req(2, reset_memory());
+    }
+  }
+  ne_region->init_req(5, ctl);
+  ne_io_phi->init_req(5, io_taken);
+  ne_mem_phi->init_req(5, mem_taken);
+
+  // BoolTest::eq: ne_region is fall-through block.
+  // BoolTest::ne: ne_region is branch block -> merge below.
+  record_for_igvn(ne_region);
+  set_control(_gvn.transform(ne_region));
+  set_i_o(_gvn.transform(ne_io_phi));
+  set_all_memory(_gvn.transform(ne_mem_phi));
+
+  if (btest == BoolTest::ne) {
+    int target_bci = iter().get_dest();
+    if (!stopped()) {
+      PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
+      merge(target_bci);
+    } else if (C->eliminate_boxing()) {
+      // Mark the branch block as parsed.
+      Block* branch_block = successor_for_bci(target_bci);
+      branch_block->next_path_num();
+    }
+
+    // Fall-through block.
+    record_for_igvn(eq_region);
+    set_control(_gvn.transform(eq_region));
+    set_i_o(_gvn.transform(eq_io_phi));
+    set_all_memory(_gvn.transform(eq_mem_phi));
+  }
+}
+
+/* Detects whether a call to isSubstitutable is under an IfNode guarding the fast path for acmp.
+ * If so, returns the IfNode branching between the call and the fast path. Returns null otherwise.
+ *
+ * The fast path is a LOT easier to generate at parsing time, but can be later proven useless if further
+ * optimization narrows down the type of operands and allows intrinsification of the substitutability
+ * check. In this case, the fast path might still apply, but it comes with various downsides, such as
+ * mismatch access that may hinder optimizations, or buffering requirement. So, when intrinsifying the call,
+ * we try to remove the fast path.
+ *
+ * This test isn't so bad. Loading the fast acmp offset is pretty unique to the fast acmp path.
+ *
+ * Clearly, this is only a step before a proper solution for acmp, such as a macro node.
+ */
+IfNode* Parse::acmp_fast_path_if_from_substitutable_call(PhaseGVN* phase, CallStaticJavaNode* call) {
+  auto is_con_offset = [](Node* node, ByteSize n) -> bool {
+    if (!node->is_Con()) return false;
+    TypeNode* con = node->as_Type();
+    assert(con->type()->is_intptr_t(), "");
+    return con->type()->is_intptr_t()->is_con(in_bytes(n));
+  };
+
+  assert(call->in(TypeFunc::Control) != nullptr, "");
+  if (!call->in(TypeFunc::Control)->is_IfProj()) return nullptr;
+  IfProjNode* if_proj = call->in(TypeFunc::Control)->as_IfProj();
+  if (if_proj->_con != 1) return nullptr;
+
+  assert(if_proj->in(0) != nullptr, "");
+  assert(if_proj->in(0)->is_If(), "");
+  IfNode* iff = if_proj->in(0)->as_If();
+
+  assert(iff->in(1) != nullptr, "");
+  if (!iff->in(1)->is_Bool()) return nullptr;
+  BoolNode* lt = iff->in(1)->as_Bool();
+  if (lt->_test._test != BoolTest::lt) return nullptr;
+
+  assert(lt->in(1) != nullptr, "");
+  if (lt->in(1)->Opcode() != Op_CmpI) return nullptr;
+  CmpNode* cmp_i = lt->in(1)->as_Cmp();
+
+  assert(cmp_i->in(1) != nullptr, "");
+  assert(cmp_i->in(2) != nullptr, "");
+
+  if (cmp_i->in(1)->Opcode() != Op_LoadI) return nullptr;
+  LoadNode* load_offset = cmp_i->in(1)->as_Load();
+  if (!cmp_i->in(2)->is_ConI()) return nullptr;
+  ConINode* zero_i = cmp_i->in(2)->as_ConI();
+  assert(zero_i->type()->is_int() != nullptr, "");
+  if (!zero_i->type()->is_int()->is_con(0)) return nullptr;
+
+  assert(load_offset->in(2) != nullptr, "");
+  if (!load_offset->in(2)->is_AddP()) return nullptr;
+  AddPNode* offset_addr_add = load_offset->in(2)->as_AddP();
+
+  assert(offset_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Base) != nullptr, "");
+  assert(offset_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Address) != nullptr, "");
+  assert(offset_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Offset) != nullptr, "");
+  if (!offset_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Base)->is_top()) return nullptr;
+  if (offset_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Address)->Opcode() != Op_LoadP) return nullptr;
+  LoadNode* load_members = offset_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Address)->as_Load();
+  if (!is_con_offset(offset_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Offset), InlineKlass::fast_acmp_offset_offset())) return nullptr;
+
+  assert(load_members->in(2) != nullptr, "");
+  if (!load_members->in(2)->is_AddP()) return nullptr;
+  AddPNode* members_addr_add = load_members->in(2)->as_AddP();
+
+  assert(members_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Base) != nullptr, "");
+  assert(members_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Address) != nullptr, "");
+  assert(members_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Offset) != nullptr, "");
+  if (!members_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Base)->is_top()) return nullptr;
+  if (!phase->type(members_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Address))->isa_instklassptr()) return nullptr;
+  if (!is_con_offset(members_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Offset), InlineKlass::adr_members_offset())) return nullptr;
+
+  return iff;
+}
+
 // Force unstable if traps to be taken randomly to trigger intermittent bugs such as incorrect debug information.
 // Add another if before the unstable if that checks a "random" condition at runtime (a simple shared counter) and
 // then either takes the trap or executes the original, unstable if.
@@ -1660,7 +2608,7 @@ void Parse::maybe_add_predicate_after_if(Block* path) {
 // branch, seeing how it constrains a tested value, and then
 // deciding if it's worth our while to encode this constraint
 // as graph nodes in the current abstract interpretation map.
-void Parse::adjust_map_after_if(BoolTest::mask btest, Node* c, float prob, Block* path) {
+void Parse::adjust_map_after_if(BoolTest::mask btest, Node* c, float prob, Block* path, bool can_trap) {
   if (!c->is_Cmp()) {
     maybe_add_predicate_after_if(path);
     return;
@@ -1672,7 +2620,7 @@ void Parse::adjust_map_after_if(BoolTest::mask btest, Node* c, float prob, Block
 
   bool is_fallthrough = (path == successor_for_bci(iter().next_bci()));
 
-  if (path_is_suitable_for_uncommon_trap(prob)) {
+  if (can_trap && path_is_suitable_for_uncommon_trap(prob)) {
     repush_if_args();
     Node* call = uncommon_trap(Deoptimization::Reason_unstable_if,
                   Deoptimization::Action_reinterpret,
@@ -1685,6 +2633,11 @@ void Parse::adjust_map_after_if(BoolTest::mask btest, Node* c, float prob, Block
     return;
   }
 
+  if (c->is_FlatArrayCheck()) {
+    maybe_add_predicate_after_if(path);
+    return;
+  }
+
   Node* val = c->in(1);
   Node* con = c->in(2);
   const Type* tcon = _gvn.type(con);
@@ -1767,7 +2720,7 @@ static bool match_type_check(PhaseGVN& gvn,
     // These patterns with nullable klasses arise from example from
     // load_array_klass_from_mirror.
     if (*obj == nullptr) { return false; }
-    (*cast_type) = tcon->isa_klassptr()->as_instance_type();
+    (*cast_type) = tcon->isa_klassptr()->as_exact_instance_type();
     return true; // found
   }
 
@@ -1822,7 +2775,7 @@ static bool match_type_check(PhaseGVN& gvn,
           const TypeKlassPtr* improved_klass_ptr_type = klass_ptr_type->try_improve();
 
           (*obj) = obj_or_subklass;
-          (*cast_type) = improved_klass_ptr_type->cast_to_exactness(false)->as_instance_type();
+          (*cast_type) = improved_klass_ptr_type->as_subtype_instance_type();
           return true; // found
         }
       }
@@ -1858,6 +2811,9 @@ void Parse::sharpen_type_after_if(BoolTest::mask btest,
         // Delay transform() call to allow recovery of pre-cast value at the control merge.
         _gvn.set_type_bottom(ccast);
         record_for_igvn(ccast);
+        if (tboth->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+          ccast = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(this, ccast, tboth->isa_oopptr()->exact_klass(true)->as_inline_klass());
+        }
         // Here's the payoff.
         replace_in_map(obj, ccast);
       }
@@ -1961,6 +2917,10 @@ Node* Parse::optimize_cmp_with_klass(Node* c) {
         inc_sp(2);
         obj = maybe_cast_profiled_obj(obj, k);
         dec_sp(2);
+        if (obj->is_InlineType()) {
+          assert(obj->as_InlineType()->is_allocated(&_gvn), "must be allocated");
+          obj = obj->as_InlineType()->get_oop();
+        }
         // Make the CmpP use the casted obj
         addp = basic_plus_adr(obj, addp->in(AddPNode::Offset));
         load_klass = load_klass->clone();
@@ -2703,8 +3663,6 @@ void Parse::do_one_bytecode() {
     return_current(pop());
     break;
   case Bytecodes::_lreturn:
-    return_current(pop_pair());
-    break;
   case Bytecodes::_dreturn:
     return_current(pop_pair());
     break;
@@ -2758,20 +3716,26 @@ void Parse::do_one_bytecode() {
     maybe_add_safepoint(iter().get_dest());
     a = null();
     b = pop();
-    if (!_gvn.type(b)->speculative_maybe_null() &&
-        !too_many_traps(Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_null_check)) {
-      inc_sp(1);
-      Node* null_ctl = top();
-      b = null_check_oop(b, &null_ctl, true, true, true);
-      assert(null_ctl->is_top(), "no null control here");
-      dec_sp(1);
-    } else if (_gvn.type(b)->speculative_always_null() &&
-               !too_many_traps(Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_null_assert)) {
-      inc_sp(1);
-      b = null_assert(b);
-      dec_sp(1);
-    }
-    c = _gvn.transform( new CmpPNode(b, a) );
+    if (b->is_InlineType()) {
+      // Null checking a scalarized but nullable inline type. Check the null marker
+      // input instead of the oop input to avoid keeping buffer allocations alive
+      c = _gvn.transform(new CmpINode(b->as_InlineType()->get_null_marker(), zerocon(T_INT)));
+    } else {
+      if (!_gvn.type(b)->speculative_maybe_null() &&
+          !too_many_traps(Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_null_check)) {
+        inc_sp(1);
+        Node* null_ctl = top();
+        b = null_check_oop(b, &null_ctl, true, true, true);
+        assert(null_ctl->is_top(), "no null control here");
+        dec_sp(1);
+      } else if (_gvn.type(b)->speculative_always_null() &&
+                 !too_many_traps(Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_null_assert)) {
+        inc_sp(1);
+        b = null_assert(b);
+        dec_sp(1);
+      }
+      c = _gvn.transform( new CmpPNode(b, a) );
+    }
     do_ifnull(btest, c);
     break;
 
@@ -2782,9 +3746,7 @@ void Parse::do_one_bytecode() {
     maybe_add_safepoint(iter().get_dest());
     a = pop();
     b = pop();
-    c = _gvn.transform( new CmpPNode(b, a) );
-    c = optimize_cmp_with_klass(c);
-    do_if(btest, c);
+    do_acmp(btest, b, a);
     break;
 
   case Bytecodes::_ifeq: btest = BoolTest::eq; goto handle_ifxx;
@@ -2839,7 +3801,7 @@ void Parse::do_one_bytecode() {
     do_instanceof();
     break;
   case Bytecodes::_anewarray:
-    do_anewarray();
+    do_newarray();
     break;
   case Bytecodes::_newarray:
     do_newarray((BasicType)iter().get_index());
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse3.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse3.cpp
index d0e2e90ec6b..c928670df0d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse3.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse3.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -22,12 +22,16 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "ci/ciInstanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compileLog.hpp"
 #include "interpreter/linkResolver.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
+#include "oops/accessDecorators.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "opto/addnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/castnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/memnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/parse.hpp"
 #include "opto/rootnode.hpp"
@@ -39,13 +43,12 @@
 //=============================================================================
 // Helper methods for _get* and _put* bytecodes
 //=============================================================================
+
 void Parse::do_field_access(bool is_get, bool is_field) {
   bool will_link;
   ciField* field = iter().get_field(will_link);
   assert(will_link, "getfield: typeflow responsibility");
 
-  ciInstanceKlass* field_holder = field->holder();
-
   if (is_field == field->is_static()) {
     // Interpreter will throw java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError
     // Check this before allowing <clinit> methods to access static fields
@@ -55,8 +58,9 @@ void Parse::do_field_access(bool is_get, bool is_field) {
   }
 
   // Deoptimize on putfield writes to call site target field outside of CallSite ctor.
+  ciInstanceKlass* field_holder = field->holder();
   if (!is_get && field->is_call_site_target() &&
-      !(method()->holder() == field_holder && method()->is_object_initializer())) {
+      !(method()->holder() == field_holder && method()->is_object_constructor())) {
     uncommon_trap(Deoptimization::Reason_unhandled,
                   Deoptimization::Action_reinterpret,
                   nullptr, "put to call site target field");
@@ -86,29 +90,29 @@ void Parse::do_field_access(bool is_get, bool is_field) {
 #endif
 
     if (is_get) {
-      (void) pop();  // pop receiver before getting
-      do_get_xxx(obj, field, is_field);
+      do_get_xxx(obj, field);
     } else {
       do_put_xxx(obj, field, is_field);
+      if (stopped()) {
+        return;
+      }
       (void) pop();  // pop receiver after putting
     }
   } else {
     const TypeInstPtr* tip = TypeInstPtr::make(field_holder->java_mirror());
     obj = _gvn.makecon(tip);
     if (is_get) {
-      do_get_xxx(obj, field, is_field);
+      do_get_xxx(obj, field);
     } else {
       do_put_xxx(obj, field, is_field);
     }
   }
 }
 
-
-void Parse::do_get_xxx(Node* obj, ciField* field, bool is_field) {
+void Parse::do_get_xxx(Node* obj, ciField* field) {
   BasicType bt = field->layout_type();
-
   // Does this field have a constant value?  If so, just push the value.
-  if (field->is_constant() &&
+  if (field->is_constant() && !field->is_flat() &&
       // Keep consistent with types found by ciTypeFlow: for an
       // unloaded field type, ciTypeFlow::StateVector::do_getstatic()
       // speculates the field is null. The code in the rest of this
@@ -118,60 +122,96 @@ void Parse::do_get_xxx(Node* obj, ciField* field, bool is_field) {
     // final or stable field
     Node* con = make_constant_from_field(field, obj);
     if (con != nullptr) {
+      if (!field->is_static()) {
+        pop();
+      }
       push_node(field->layout_type(), con);
       return;
     }
   }
 
-  ciType* field_klass = field->type();
-  bool is_vol = field->is_volatile();
+  if (obj->is_InlineType()) {
+    assert(!field->is_static(), "must not be a static field");
+    InlineTypeNode* vt = obj->as_InlineType();
+    Node* value = vt->field_value_by_offset(field->offset_in_bytes(), false);
+    const Type* value_type = _gvn.type(value);
+    if (value_type->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+      value = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(this, value, value_type->inline_klass());
+    }
+    pop();
+    push_node(field->layout_type(), value);
+    return;
+  }
 
-  // Compute address and memory type.
+  ciType* field_klass = field->type();
+  field_klass = improve_abstract_inline_type_klass(field_klass);
   int offset = field->offset_in_bytes();
-  const TypePtr* adr_type = C->alias_type(field)->adr_type();
-  Node *adr = basic_plus_adr(obj, obj, offset);
-  assert(C->get_alias_index(adr_type) == C->get_alias_index(_gvn.type(adr)->isa_ptr()),
-    "slice of address and input slice don't match");
-
-  // Build the resultant type of the load
-  const Type *type;
-
   bool must_assert_null = false;
-
-  DecoratorSet decorators = IN_HEAP;
-  decorators |= is_vol ? MO_SEQ_CST : MO_UNORDERED;
-
-  bool is_obj = is_reference_type(bt);
-
-  if (is_obj) {
-    if (!field->type()->is_loaded()) {
-      type = TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM;
-      must_assert_null = true;
-    } else if (field->is_static_constant()) {
-      // This can happen if the constant oop is non-perm.
-      ciObject* con = field->constant_value().as_object();
-      // Do not "join" in the previous type; it doesn't add value,
-      // and may yield a vacuous result if the field is of interface type.
-      if (con->is_null_object()) {
-        type = TypePtr::NULL_PTR;
+  Node* adr = basic_plus_adr(obj, obj, offset);
+  assert(C->get_alias_index(C->alias_type(field)->adr_type()) == C->get_alias_index(_gvn.type(adr)->isa_ptr()),
+         "slice of address and input slice don't match");
+
+  Node* ld = nullptr;
+  if (field_klass->is_inlinetype()) { // could also have an abstract value class
+    ciInlineKlass* vk = field_klass->as_inline_klass();
+    if (field->is_null_free() && vk->is_empty()) {
+      // Loading from a field of an empty inline type. Just return the default instance.
+      ld = InlineTypeNode::make_all_zero(_gvn, vk);
+    } else if (field->is_flat()) {
+      // Loading from a flat inline type field.
+      bool is_immutable = field->is_final() && field->is_strict();
+      bool atomic = field->is_atomic();
+      ld = InlineTypeNode::make_from_flat(this, vk, obj, adr, atomic, is_immutable, field->is_null_free(), IN_HEAP | MO_UNORDERED);
+    }
+  }
+  if (ld == nullptr) {
+    // Build the resultant type of the load
+    assert(!field->is_flat(), "cannot be flat");
+    const Type* type;
+    if (is_reference_type(bt)) {
+      if (!field_klass->is_loaded()) {
+        type = TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM;
+        must_assert_null = true;
+      } else if (field->is_static_constant()) {
+        // This can happen if the constant oop is non-perm.
+        ciObject* con = field->constant_value().as_object();
+        // Do not "join" in the previous type; it doesn't add value,
+        // and may yield a vacuous result if the field is of interface type.
+        if (con->is_null_object()) {
+          type = TypePtr::NULL_PTR;
+        } else {
+          type = TypeOopPtr::make_from_constant(con)->isa_oopptr();
+        }
+        assert(type != nullptr, "field singleton type must be consistent");
       } else {
-        type = TypeOopPtr::make_from_constant(con)->isa_oopptr();
+        type = TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass(field_klass->as_klass());
+        if (field->is_null_free()) {
+          type = type->join_speculative(TypePtr::NOTNULL);
+        }
       }
-      assert(type != nullptr, "field singleton type must be consistent");
     } else {
-      type = TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass(field_klass->as_klass());
+      type = Type::get_const_basic_type(bt);
     }
-  } else {
-    type = Type::get_const_basic_type(bt);
-  }
 
-  Node* ld = access_load_at(obj, adr, adr_type, type, bt, decorators);
+    const TypePtr* adr_type = C->alias_type(field)->adr_type();
+    DecoratorSet decorators = IN_HEAP;
+    decorators |= field->is_volatile() ? MO_SEQ_CST : MO_UNORDERED;
+    ld = access_load_at(obj, adr, adr_type, type, bt, decorators);
+    if (field_klass->is_inlinetype()) {
+      // Load a non-flattened inline type from memory
+      ld = InlineTypeNode::make_from_oop(this, ld, field_klass->as_inline_klass());
+    }
+  }
 
   // Adjust Java stack
-  if (type2size[bt] == 1)
+  if (!field->is_static()) {
+    pop();
+  }
+  if (type2size[bt] == 1) {
     push(ld);
-  else
+  } else {
     push_pair(ld);
+  }
 
   if (must_assert_null) {
     // Do not take a trap here.  It's possible that the program
@@ -189,7 +229,7 @@ void Parse::do_get_xxx(Node* obj, ciField* field, bool is_field) {
     }
     if (C->log() != nullptr) {
       C->log()->elem("assert_null reason='field' klass='%d'",
-                     C->log()->identify(field->type()));
+                     C->log()->identify(field_klass));
     }
     // If there is going to be a trap, put it at the next bytecode:
     set_bci(iter().next_bci());
@@ -198,36 +238,88 @@ void Parse::do_get_xxx(Node* obj, ciField* field, bool is_field) {
   }
 }
 
+// If the field klass is an abstract value klass (for which we do not know the layout, yet), it could have a unique
+// concrete sub klass for which we have a fixed layout. This allows us to use InlineTypeNodes instead.
+ciType* Parse::improve_abstract_inline_type_klass(ciType* field_klass) {
+  Dependencies* dependencies = C->dependencies();
+  if (UseUniqueSubclasses && dependencies != nullptr && field_klass->is_instance_klass()) {
+    ciInstanceKlass* instance_klass = field_klass->as_instance_klass();
+    if (instance_klass->is_loaded() && instance_klass->is_abstract_value_klass()) {
+      ciInstanceKlass* sub_klass = instance_klass->unique_concrete_subklass();
+      if (sub_klass != nullptr && sub_klass != field_klass) {
+        field_klass = sub_klass;
+        dependencies->assert_abstract_with_unique_concrete_subtype(instance_klass, sub_klass);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return field_klass;
+}
+
 void Parse::do_put_xxx(Node* obj, ciField* field, bool is_field) {
   bool is_vol = field->is_volatile();
-
-  // Compute address and memory type.
   int offset = field->offset_in_bytes();
-  const TypePtr* adr_type = C->alias_type(field)->adr_type();
-  Node* adr = basic_plus_adr(obj, obj, offset);
-  assert(C->get_alias_index(adr_type) == C->get_alias_index(_gvn.type(adr)->isa_ptr()),
-    "slice of address and input slice don't match");
+
   BasicType bt = field->layout_type();
-  // Value to be stored
   Node* val = type2size[bt] == 1 ? pop() : pop_pair();
+  if (field->is_null_free()) {
+    PreserveReexecuteState preexecs(this);
+    jvms()->set_should_reexecute(true);
+    inc_sp(1);
+    val = null_check(val);
+    if (stopped()) {
+      return;
+    }
+  }
 
-  DecoratorSet decorators = IN_HEAP;
-  decorators |= is_vol ? MO_SEQ_CST : MO_UNORDERED;
-
-  bool is_obj = is_reference_type(bt);
+  Node* adr = basic_plus_adr(obj, obj, offset);
 
-  // Store the value.
-  const Type* field_type;
-  if (!field->type()->is_loaded()) {
-    field_type = TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM;
-  } else {
-    if (is_obj) {
-      field_type = TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass(field->type()->as_klass());
+  // We cannot store into a non-larval object, so obj must not be an InlineTypeNode
+  assert(!obj->is_InlineType(), "InlineTypeNodes are non-larval value objects");
+  ciType* field_klass = field->type();
+  bool do_store = true;
+  if (field_klass->is_inlinetype()) { // could also have an abstract value class
+    ciInlineKlass* vk = field_klass->as_inline_klass();
+    if (field->empty_null_free_initialized_value_field(!method()->is_object_constructor())) {
+      // Storing to an empty, null-free inline type field that is already initialized. Ignore.
+      return;
+    }
+    if (field->is_flat()) {
+      // Storing to a flat inline type field.
+      if (!val->is_InlineType()) {
+        assert(gvn().type(val) == TypePtr::NULL_PTR, "Unexpected value");
+        val = InlineTypeNode::make_null(gvn(), vk);
+      }
+      inc_sp(1);
+      bool is_immutable = field->is_final() && field->is_strict();
+      bool atomic = field->is_atomic();
+      val->as_InlineType()->store_flat(this, obj, adr, atomic, is_immutable, field->is_null_free(), IN_HEAP | MO_UNORDERED);
+      dec_sp(1);
+      do_store = false;
+    }
+  }
+  if (do_store) {
+    // Store the value.
+    assert(!field->is_flat(), "cannot be flat");
+    const Type* field_type;
+    if (!field->type()->is_loaded()) {
+      field_type = TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM;
     } else {
-      field_type = Type::BOTTOM;
+      if (is_reference_type(bt)) {
+        field_type = TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass(field->type()->as_klass());
+      } else {
+        field_type = Type::BOTTOM;
+      }
     }
+
+    const TypePtr* adr_type = C->alias_type(field)->adr_type();
+    assert(C->get_alias_index(adr_type) == C->get_alias_index(_gvn.type(adr)->isa_ptr()),
+           "slice of address and input slice don't match");
+    DecoratorSet decorators = IN_HEAP;
+    decorators |= is_vol ? MO_SEQ_CST : MO_UNORDERED;
+    inc_sp(1);
+    access_store_at(obj, adr, adr_type, val, field_type, bt, decorators);
+    dec_sp(1);
   }
-  access_store_at(obj, adr, adr_type, val, field_type, bt, decorators);
 
   if (is_field) {
     // Remember we wrote a volatile field.
@@ -246,8 +338,8 @@ void Parse::do_put_xxx(Node* obj, ciField* field, bool is_field) {
     // can insert a memory barrier later on to keep the writes from floating
     // out of the constructor.
     if (field->is_final() || field->is_stable()) {
-      if (field->is_final()) {
-        set_wrote_final(true);
+      if (field->is_final() && !field->is_strict()) {
+        set_wrote_non_strict_final(true);
       }
       if (field->is_stable()) {
         set_wrote_stable(true);
@@ -262,16 +354,18 @@ void Parse::do_put_xxx(Node* obj, ciField* field, bool is_field) {
 }
 
 //=============================================================================
-void Parse::do_anewarray() {
+
+void Parse::do_newarray() {
   bool will_link;
   ciKlass* klass = iter().get_klass(will_link);
 
   // Uncommon Trap when class that array contains is not loaded
   // we need the loaded class for the rest of graph; do not
   // initialize the container class (see Java spec)!!!
-  assert(will_link, "anewarray: typeflow responsibility");
+  assert(will_link, "newarray: typeflow responsibility");
+
+  ciArrayKlass* array_klass = ciArrayKlass::make(klass);
 
-  ciObjArrayKlass* array_klass = ciObjArrayKlass::make(klass);
   // Check that array_klass object is loaded
   if (!array_klass->is_loaded()) {
     // Generate uncommon_trap for unloaded array_class
@@ -279,11 +373,19 @@ void Parse::do_anewarray() {
                   Deoptimization::Action_reinterpret,
                   array_klass);
     return;
+  } else if (array_klass->element_klass() != nullptr &&
+             array_klass->element_klass()->is_inlinetype() &&
+             !array_klass->element_klass()->as_inline_klass()->is_initialized()) {
+    uncommon_trap(Deoptimization::Reason_uninitialized,
+                  Deoptimization::Action_reinterpret,
+                  nullptr);
+    return;
   }
 
   kill_dead_locals();
 
-  const TypeKlassPtr* array_klass_type = TypeKlassPtr::make(array_klass, Type::trust_interfaces);
+  const TypeAryKlassPtr* array_klass_type = TypeAryKlassPtr::make(array_klass, Type::trust_interfaces);
+  array_klass_type = array_klass_type->cast_to_refined_array_klass_ptr();
   Node* count_val = pop();
   Node* obj = new_array(makecon(array_klass_type), count_val, 1);
   push(obj);
@@ -305,7 +407,9 @@ void Parse::do_newarray(BasicType elem_type) {
 Node* Parse::expand_multianewarray(ciArrayKlass* array_klass, Node* *lengths, int ndimensions, int nargs) {
   Node* length = lengths[0];
   assert(length != nullptr, "");
-  Node* array = new_array(makecon(TypeKlassPtr::make(array_klass, Type::trust_interfaces)), length, nargs);
+  const TypeAryKlassPtr* array_klass_type = TypeAryKlassPtr::make(array_klass, Type::trust_interfaces);
+  array_klass_type = array_klass_type->cast_to_refined_array_klass_ptr();
+  Node* array = new_array(makecon(array_klass_type), length, nargs);
   if (ndimensions > 1) {
     jint length_con = find_int_con(length, -1);
     guarantee(length_con >= 0, "non-constant multianewarray");
@@ -339,7 +443,18 @@ void Parse::do_multianewarray() {
   Node** length = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(Node*, ndimensions + 1);
   length[ndimensions] = nullptr;  // terminating null for make_runtime_call
   int j;
-  for (j = ndimensions-1; j >= 0 ; j--) length[j] = pop();
+  ciKlass* elem_klass = array_klass;
+  for (j = ndimensions-1; j >= 0; j--) {
+    length[j] = pop();
+    elem_klass = elem_klass->as_array_klass()->element_klass();
+  }
+  if (elem_klass != nullptr && elem_klass->is_inlinetype() && !elem_klass->as_inline_klass()->is_initialized()) {
+    inc_sp(ndimensions);
+    uncommon_trap(Deoptimization::Reason_uninitialized,
+                  Deoptimization::Action_reinterpret,
+                  nullptr);
+    return;
+  }
 
   // The original expression was of this form: new T[length0][length1]...
   // It is often the case that the lengths are small (except the last).
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parseHelper.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parseHelper.cpp
index 232f5d6c89a..3b12d8fa3b7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parseHelper.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parseHelper.cpp
@@ -22,10 +22,14 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciSymbols.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compileLog.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "opto/addnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/castnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/memnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/mulnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/parse.hpp"
@@ -64,7 +68,6 @@ void GraphKit::make_dtrace_method_entry_exit(ciMethod* method, bool is_entry) {
 void Parse::do_checkcast() {
   bool will_link;
   ciKlass* klass = iter().get_klass(will_link);
-
   Node *obj = peek();
 
   // Throw uncommon trap if class is not loaded or the value we are casting
@@ -137,8 +140,7 @@ void Parse::do_instanceof() {
 
 //------------------------------array_store_check------------------------------
 // pull array from stack and check that the store is valid
-void Parse::array_store_check() {
-
+Node* Parse::array_store_check(Node*& adr, const Type*& elemtype) {
   // Shorthand access to array store elements without popping them.
   Node *obj = peek(0);
   Node *idx = peek(1);
@@ -149,27 +151,47 @@ void Parse::array_store_check() {
     // This cutout lets us avoid the uncommon_trap(Reason_array_check)
     // below, which turns into a performance liability if the
     // gen_checkcast folds up completely.
-    return;
+    if (_gvn.type(ary)->is_aryptr()->is_null_free()) {
+      null_check(obj);
+    }
+    return obj;
   }
 
   // Extract the array klass type
-  int klass_offset = oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes();
-  Node* p = basic_plus_adr( ary, ary, klass_offset );
-  // p's type is array-of-OOPS plus klass_offset
-  Node* array_klass = _gvn.transform(LoadKlassNode::make(_gvn, immutable_memory(), p, TypeInstPtr::KLASS));
+  Node* array_klass = load_object_klass(ary);
   // Get the array klass
-  const TypeKlassPtr *tak = _gvn.type(array_klass)->is_klassptr();
+  const TypeKlassPtr* tak = _gvn.type(array_klass)->is_klassptr();
 
   // The type of array_klass is usually INexact array-of-oop.  Heroically
   // cast array_klass to EXACT array and uncommon-trap if the cast fails.
   // Make constant out of the inexact array klass, but use it only if the cast
   // succeeds.
-  if (MonomorphicArrayCheck &&
-      !too_many_traps(Deoptimization::Reason_array_check) &&
-      !tak->klass_is_exact() &&
-      tak->isa_aryklassptr()) {
-      // Regarding the fourth condition in the if-statement from above:
-      //
+  if (MonomorphicArrayCheck && !tak->klass_is_exact()) {
+    // Make a constant out of the inexact array klass
+    const TypeAryKlassPtr* extak = nullptr;
+    const TypeOopPtr* ary_t = _gvn.type(ary)->is_oopptr();
+    ciKlass* ary_spec = ary_t->speculative_type();
+    Deoptimization::DeoptReason reason = Deoptimization::Reason_none;
+    // Try to cast the array to an exact type from profile data. First
+    // check the speculative type.
+    if (ary_spec != nullptr && !too_many_traps(Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_class_check)) {
+      extak = TypeKlassPtr::make(ary_spec)->is_aryklassptr();
+      reason = Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_class_check;
+    } else if (UseArrayLoadStoreProfile) {
+      // No speculative type: check profile data at this bci.
+      reason = Deoptimization::Reason_class_check;
+      if (!too_many_traps(reason)) {
+        ciKlass* array_type = nullptr;
+        ciKlass* element_type = nullptr;
+        ProfilePtrKind element_ptr = ProfileMaybeNull;
+        bool flat_array = true;
+        bool null_free_array = true;
+        method()->array_access_profiled_type(bci(), array_type, element_type, element_ptr, flat_array, null_free_array);
+        if (array_type != nullptr) {
+          extak = TypeKlassPtr::make(array_type)->is_aryklassptr();
+        }
+      }
+    } else if (!too_many_traps(Deoptimization::Reason_array_check) && tak->isa_aryklassptr()) {
       // If the compiler has determined that the type of array 'ary' (represented
       // by 'array_klass') is java/lang/Object, the compiler must not assume that
       // the array 'ary' is monomorphic.
@@ -188,30 +210,40 @@ void Parse::array_store_check() {
       // 'array_klass' to be ObjArrayKlass, which can result in invalid memory accesses.
       //
       // See issue JDK-8057622 for details.
+      extak = tak->cast_to_exactness(true)->is_aryklassptr();
+      reason = Deoptimization::Reason_array_check;
+    }
+    if (extak != nullptr && extak->exact_klass(true) != nullptr) {
+      // For a direct pointer comparison, we need the refined array klass pointer
+      extak = extak->cast_to_refined_array_klass_ptr();
 
-    // Make a constant out of the exact array klass
-    const TypeAryKlassPtr* extak = tak->cast_to_exactness(true)->is_aryklassptr();
-    if (extak->exact_klass(true) != nullptr) {
       Node* con = makecon(extak);
       Node* cmp = _gvn.transform(new CmpPNode(array_klass, con));
       Node* bol = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(cmp, BoolTest::eq));
-      Node* ctrl= control();
-      { BuildCutout unless(this, bol, PROB_MAX);
-        uncommon_trap(Deoptimization::Reason_array_check,
-                      Deoptimization::Action_maybe_recompile,
-                      extak->exact_klass());
-      }
-      if (stopped()) {          // MUST uncommon-trap?
-        set_control(ctrl);      // Then Don't Do It, just fall into the normal checking
-      } else {                  // Cast array klass to exactness:
-        // Use the exact constant value we know it is.
+      // Only do it if the check does not always pass/fail
+      if (!bol->is_Con()) {
+        { BuildCutout unless(this, bol, PROB_MAX);
+          uncommon_trap(reason,
+                        Deoptimization::Action_maybe_recompile,
+                        extak->exact_klass());
+        }
+        // Cast array klass to exactness
         replace_in_map(array_klass, con);
+        array_klass = con;
+        Node* cast = _gvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(control(), ary, extak->as_exact_instance_type()));
+        replace_in_map(ary, cast);
+        ary = cast;
+
+        // Recompute element type and address
+        const TypeAryPtr* arytype = _gvn.type(ary)->is_aryptr();
+        elemtype = arytype->elem();
+        adr = array_element_address(ary, idx, T_OBJECT, arytype->size(), control());
+
         CompileLog* log = C->log();
         if (log != nullptr) {
           log->elem("cast_up reason='monomorphic_array' from='%d' to='(exact)'",
                     log->identify(extak->exact_klass()));
         }
-        array_klass = con;      // Use cast value moving forward
       }
     }
   }
@@ -222,11 +254,44 @@ void Parse::array_store_check() {
   int element_klass_offset = in_bytes(ObjArrayKlass::element_klass_offset());
   Node* p2 = off_heap_plus_addr(array_klass, element_klass_offset);
   Node* a_e_klass = _gvn.transform(LoadKlassNode::make(_gvn, immutable_memory(), p2, tak));
-  assert(array_klass->is_Con() == a_e_klass->is_Con() || StressReflectiveCode, "a constant array type must come with a constant element type");
+
+  // If we statically know that this is an inline type array, use precise element klass for checkcast
+  const TypeAryPtr* arytype = _gvn.type(ary)->is_aryptr();
+  const TypePtr* elem_ptr = elemtype->make_ptr();
+  bool null_free = arytype->is_null_free();
+  if (elem_ptr->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+    // We statically know that this is an inline type array, use precise klass ptr
+    a_e_klass = makecon(TypeKlassPtr::make(elemtype->inline_klass()));
+  }
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  if (!StressReflectiveCode && array_klass->is_Con() != a_e_klass->is_Con()) {
+    // When the element type is exact, the array type also needs to be exact. There is one exception, though:
+    // Nullable arrays are not exact because the null-free array is a subtype while the element type being a
+    // concrete value class (i.e. final) is always exact.
+    assert(!array_klass->is_Con() && a_e_klass->is_Con() && elem_ptr->is_inlinetypeptr() && !null_free,
+           "a constant element type either matches a constant array type or a non-constant nullable value class array");
+  }
+
+  // If the element type is exact, the array can be null-free (i.e. the element type is NotNull) if:
+  //   - The elements are inline types
+  //   - The array is from an autobox cache.
+  // If the element type is inexact, it could represent multiple null-free arrays. Since autobox cache arrays
+  // are local to very few cache classes and are only used in the valueOf() methods, they are always exact and are not
+  // merged or hidden behind super types. Therefore, an inexact null-free array always represents some kind of
+  // inline type array - either of an abstract value class or Object.
+  if (null_free) {
+    ciKlass* klass = elem_ptr->is_instptr()->instance_klass();
+    if (klass->exact_klass()) {
+      assert(elem_ptr->is_inlinetypeptr() || arytype->is_autobox_cache(), "elements must be inline type or autobox cache");
+    } else {
+      assert(!arytype->is_autobox_cache() && elem_ptr->can_be_inline_type() &&
+             (klass->is_java_lang_Object() || klass->is_abstract()), "cannot have inexact non-inline type elements");
+    }
+  }
+#endif // ASSERT
 
   // Check (the hard way) and throw if not a subklass.
-  // Result is ignored, we just need the CFG effects.
-  gen_checkcast(obj, a_e_klass);
+  return gen_checkcast(obj, a_e_klass, nullptr, nullptr, null_free);
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
index a4d6a6c33d0..aef867fc70c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
@@ -1074,7 +1074,7 @@ bool PhaseIterGVN::needs_deep_revisit(const Node* n) const {
 
 bool PhaseIterGVN::drain_worklist() {
   uint loop_count = 1;
-  const int max_live_nodes_increase_per_iteration = NodeLimitFudgeFactor * 3;
+  const int max_live_nodes_increase_per_iteration = NodeLimitFudgeFactor * 5;
   while (_worklist.size() != 0) {
     if (C->check_node_count(max_live_nodes_increase_per_iteration, "Out of nodes")) {
       C->print_method(PHASE_AFTER_ITER_GVN, 3);
@@ -1332,7 +1332,7 @@ void PhaseIterGVN::verify_Value_for(const Node* n, bool strict) {
   stringStream ss; // Print as a block without tty lock.
   ss.cr();
   ss.print_cr("Missed Value optimization:");
-  n->dump_bfs(1, nullptr, "", &ss);
+  n->dump_bfs(3, nullptr, "", &ss);
   ss.print_cr("Current type:");
   told->dump_on(&ss);
   ss.cr();
@@ -1963,6 +1963,16 @@ void PhaseIterGVN::verify_Ideal_for(Node* n, bool can_reshape, bool deep_revisit
       assert(false, "Unexpected hash change from applying Ideal optimization on %s", n->Name());
     }
 
+    // Some nodes try to push itself back to the worklist if can_reshape is
+    // false
+    if (!can_reshape && _worklist.size() > 0 && _worklist.pop() != n) {
+      stringStream ss;
+      ss.cr();
+      ss.print_cr("Previously optimized:");
+      n->dump_bfs(1, nullptr, "", &ss);
+      tty->print_cr("%s", ss.as_string());
+      assert(false, "should only push itself on worklist");
+    }
     verify_empty_worklist(n);
 
     // Everything is good.
@@ -2182,18 +2192,18 @@ Node* PhaseIterGVN::register_new_node_with_optimizer(Node* n, Node* orig) {
 //------------------------------transform--------------------------------------
 // Non-recursive: idealize Node 'n' with respect to its inputs and its value
 Node *PhaseIterGVN::transform( Node *n ) {
-  if (_delay_transform) {
-    // Register the node but don't optimize for now
-    register_new_node_with_optimizer(n);
-    return n;
-  }
-
   // If brand new node, make space in type array, and give it a type.
   ensure_type_or_null(n);
   if (type_or_null(n) == nullptr) {
     set_type_bottom(n);
   }
 
+  if (_delay_transform) {
+    // Add the node to the worklist but don't optimize for now
+    _worklist.push(n);
+    return n;
+  }
+
   return transform_old(n);
 }
 
@@ -2476,6 +2486,19 @@ void PhaseIterGVN::subsume_node( Node *old, Node *nn ) {
   temp->destruct(this);     // reuse the _idx of this little guy
 }
 
+// Replaces n with m in all uses, including self-loops.
+void PhaseIterGVN::replace_in_uses(Node* n, Node* m) {
+  assert(n != nullptr, "sanity");
+  add_users_to_worklist(n);
+  for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = n->fast_outs(imax); i < imax; i++) {
+    Node* u = n->fast_out(i);
+    rehash_node_delayed(u);
+    int nb = u->replace_edge(n, m);
+    --i, imax -= nb;
+  }
+  assert(n->outcnt() == 0, "all uses must be deleted");
+}
+
 //------------------------------add_users_to_worklist--------------------------
 void PhaseIterGVN::add_users_to_worklist0(Node* n, Unique_Node_List& worklist) {
   for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = n->fast_outs(imax); i < imax; i++) {
@@ -2531,6 +2554,16 @@ void PhaseIterGVN::add_users_of_use_to_worklist(Node* n, Node* use, Unique_Node_
     }
   }
 
+  // AndLNode::Ideal folds GraphKit::mark_word_test patterns. Give it a chance to run.
+  if (n->is_Load() && use->is_Phi()) {
+    for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = use->fast_outs(imax); i < imax; i++) {
+      Node* u = use->fast_out(i);
+      if (u->Opcode() == Op_AndL) {
+        worklist.push(u);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   uint use_op = use->Opcode();
   if(use->is_Cmp()) {       // Enable CMP/BOOL optimization
     add_users_to_worklist0(use, worklist); // Put Bool on worklist
@@ -2628,6 +2661,17 @@ void PhaseIterGVN::add_users_of_use_to_worklist(Node* n, Node* use, Unique_Node_
     }
   }
 
+  // Inline type nodes can have other inline types as users. If an input gets
+  // updated, make sure that inline type users get a chance for optimization.
+  if (use->is_InlineType() || use->is_DecodeN()) {
+    auto push_the_uses_to_worklist = [&](Node* n){
+      if (n->is_InlineType()) {
+        worklist.push(n);
+      }
+    };
+    auto is_boundary = [](Node* n){ return !n->is_InlineType(); };
+    use->visit_uses(push_the_uses_to_worklist, is_boundary, true);
+  }
   // If changed Cast input, notify down for Phi, Sub, and Xor - all do "uncast"
   // Patterns:
   // ConstraintCast+ -> Sub
@@ -2769,6 +2813,24 @@ void PhaseIterGVN::add_users_of_use_to_worklist(Node* n, Node* use, Unique_Node_
   BarrierSetC2* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2();
   bool has_load_barrier_nodes = bs->has_load_barrier_nodes();
 
+  if (use_op == Op_CastP2X) {
+    for (DUIterator_Fast i2max, i2 = use->fast_outs(i2max); i2 < i2max; i2++) {
+      Node* u = use->fast_out(i2);
+      // TODO 8350865 Still needed? Yes, I think this is from PhaseMacroExpand::expand_mh_intrinsic_return
+      if (u->Opcode() == Op_AndX) {
+        worklist.push(u);
+      }
+      // Search for CmpL(OrL(CastP2X(..), CastP2X(..)), 0L)
+      if (u->Opcode() == Op_OrL) {
+        for (DUIterator_Fast i3max, i3 = u->fast_outs(i3max); i3 < i3max; i3++) {
+          Node* cmp = u->fast_out(i3);
+          if (cmp->Opcode() == Op_CmpL) {
+            worklist.push(cmp);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
   if (use_op == Op_LoadP && use->bottom_type()->isa_rawptr()) {
     for (DUIterator_Fast i2max, i2 = use->fast_outs(i2max); i2 < i2max; i2++) {
       Node* u = use->fast_out(i2);
@@ -2784,6 +2846,16 @@ void PhaseIterGVN::add_users_of_use_to_worklist(Node* n, Node* use, Unique_Node_
       }
     }
   }
+  // Give CallStaticJavaNode::remove_useless_allocation a chance to run
+  if (use->is_Region()) {
+    Node* c = use;
+    do {
+      c = c->unique_ctrl_out_or_null();
+    } while (c != nullptr && c->is_Region());
+    if (c != nullptr && c->is_CallStaticJava() && c->as_CallStaticJava()->uncommon_trap_request() != 0) {
+      worklist.push(c);
+    }
+  }
   if (use->Opcode() == Op_OpaqueZeroTripGuard) {
     assert(use->outcnt() <= 1, "OpaqueZeroTripGuard can't be shared");
     if (use->outcnt() == 1) {
@@ -2880,7 +2952,7 @@ PhaseCCP::~PhaseCCP() {
 #ifdef ASSERT
 void PhaseCCP::verify_type(Node* n, const Type* tnew, const Type* told) {
   if (tnew->meet(told) != tnew->remove_speculative()) {
-    n->dump(1);
+    n->dump(3);
     tty->print("told = "); told->dump(); tty->cr();
     tty->print("tnew = "); tnew->dump(); tty->cr();
     fatal("Not monotonic");
@@ -3049,6 +3121,7 @@ void PhaseCCP::push_more_uses(Unique_Node_List& worklist, Node* parent, const No
   push_catch(worklist, use);
   push_cmpu(worklist, use);
   push_counted_loop_phi(worklist, parent, use);
+  push_cast(worklist, use);
   push_loadp(worklist, use);
   push_and(worklist, parent, use);
   push_cast_ii(worklist, parent, use);
@@ -3160,6 +3233,19 @@ void PhaseCCP::push_counted_loop_phi(Unique_Node_List& worklist, Node* parent, c
   }
 }
 
+// TODO 8350865 Still needed? Yes, I think this is from PhaseMacroExpand::expand_mh_intrinsic_return
+void PhaseCCP::push_cast(Unique_Node_List& worklist, const Node* use) {
+  uint use_op = use->Opcode();
+  if (use_op == Op_CastP2X) {
+    for (DUIterator_Fast i2max, i2 = use->fast_outs(i2max); i2 < i2max; i2++) {
+      Node* u = use->fast_out(i2);
+      if (u->Opcode() == Op_AndX) {
+        worklist.push(u);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 // Loading the java mirror from a Klass requires two loads and the type of the mirror load depends on the type of 'n'.
 // See LoadNode::Value().
 void PhaseCCP::push_loadp(Unique_Node_List& worklist, const Node* use) const {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp
index 014d16f92f6..3e949184fe3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ class PhaseIterGVN : public PhaseGVN {
 
   // Idealize new Node 'n' with respect to its inputs and its value
   virtual Node *transform( Node *a_node );
-  virtual void record_for_igvn(Node *n) { }
+  virtual void record_for_igvn(Node *n) { _worklist.push(n); }
 
   // Iterative worklist. Reference to "C->igvn_worklist()".
   Unique_Node_List &_worklist;
@@ -611,6 +611,8 @@ class PhaseIterGVN : public PhaseGVN {
     subsume_node(old, nn);
   }
 
+  void replace_in_uses(Node* n, Node* m);
+
   // Delayed node rehash: remove a node from the hash table and rehash it during
   // next optimizing pass
   void rehash_node_delayed(Node* n) {
@@ -710,6 +712,7 @@ class PhaseCCP : public PhaseIterGVN {
   static void push_catch(Unique_Node_List& worklist, const Node* use);
   void push_cmpu(Unique_Node_List& worklist, const Node* use) const;
   static void push_counted_loop_phi(Unique_Node_List& worklist, Node* parent, const Node* use);
+  static void push_cast(Unique_Node_List& worklist, const Node* use);
   void push_loadp(Unique_Node_List& worklist, const Node* use) const;
   static void push_load_barrier(Unique_Node_List& worklist, const BarrierSetC2* barrier_set, const Node* use);
   void push_and(Unique_Node_List& worklist, const Node* parent, const Node* use) const;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phasetype.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phasetype.hpp
index 3d316112b2d..2907830f8db 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phasetype.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phasetype.hpp
@@ -145,6 +145,8 @@
   flags(FINAL_CODE,                     "Final Code") \
   flags(END,                            "End") \
   flags(FAILURE,                        "Failure") \
+  flags(SPLIT_INLINES_ARRAY,            "Split inlines array") \
+  flags(SPLIT_INLINES_ARRAY_IGVN,       "IGVN after split inlines array") \
   flags(ALL,                            "All") \
   flags(DEBUG,                          "Debug")
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/reachability.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/reachability.cpp
index b45b340ab85..a40f51e3125 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/reachability.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/reachability.cpp
@@ -440,22 +440,20 @@ bool PhaseIdealLoop::expand_reachability_fences() {
 // Find a point in CFG right after safepoint node to insert reachability fence.
 static Node* sfpt_ctrl_out(SafePointNode* sfpt) {
   if (sfpt->is_Call()) {
-    CallProjections callprojs;
-    sfpt->as_Call()->extract_projections(&callprojs,
-                                         false /*separate_io_proj*/,
-                                         false /*do_asserts*/,
-                                         true /*allow_handlers*/);
+    CallProjections* callprojs = sfpt->as_Call()->extract_projections(false /*separate_io_proj*/,
+                                                                      false /*do_asserts*/,
+                                                                      true /*allow_handlers*/);
     // Calls can have multiple control projections. However, reachability edge expansion
     // happens during final graph reshaping which is performed very late in compilation pipeline.
     // The assumption here is that the control path chosen for insertion can't go away.
     // So, materializing a reachability fence on a single control path produced by a call
     // is enough to keep the referent oop alive across the call.
-    if (callprojs.fallthrough_catchproj != nullptr) {
-      return callprojs.fallthrough_catchproj;
-    } else if (callprojs.catchall_catchproj != nullptr) {
-      return callprojs.catchall_catchproj; // rethrow stub
-    } else if (callprojs.fallthrough_proj != nullptr) {
-      return callprojs.fallthrough_proj; // no exceptions thrown
+    if (callprojs->fallthrough_catchproj != nullptr) {
+      return callprojs->fallthrough_catchproj;
+    } else if (callprojs->catchall_catchproj != nullptr) {
+      return callprojs->catchall_catchproj; // rethrow stub
+    } else if (callprojs->fallthrough_proj != nullptr) {
+      return callprojs->fallthrough_proj; // no exceptions thrown
     } else {
       ShouldNotReachHere();
     }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/runtime.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/runtime.cpp
index 7f791082b65..970e5e43f4d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/runtime.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/runtime.cpp
@@ -45,10 +45,14 @@
 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/valuePayload.inline.hpp"
 #include "opto/ad.hpp"
 #include "opto/addnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/callnode.hpp"
@@ -172,6 +176,7 @@ bool OptoRuntime::generate(ciEnv* env) {
 
 const TypeFunc* OptoRuntime::_new_instance_Type                   = nullptr;
 const TypeFunc* OptoRuntime::_new_array_Type                      = nullptr;
+const TypeFunc* OptoRuntime::_new_array_nozero_Type               = nullptr;
 const TypeFunc* OptoRuntime::_multianewarray2_Type                = nullptr;
 const TypeFunc* OptoRuntime::_multianewarray3_Type                = nullptr;
 const TypeFunc* OptoRuntime::_multianewarray4_Type                = nullptr;
@@ -340,7 +345,7 @@ JRT_END
 
 
 // array allocation
-JRT_BLOCK_ENTRY(void, OptoRuntime::new_array_C(Klass* array_type, int len, JavaThread* current))
+JRT_BLOCK_ENTRY(void, OptoRuntime::new_array_C(Klass* array_type, int len, oopDesc* init_val, JavaThread* current))
   JRT_BLOCK;
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   SharedRuntime::_new_array_ctr++;            // new array requires GC
@@ -349,6 +354,7 @@ JRT_BLOCK_ENTRY(void, OptoRuntime::new_array_C(Klass* array_type, int len, JavaT
 
   // Scavenge and allocate an instance.
   oop result;
+  Handle h_init_val(current, init_val); // keep the init_val object alive
 
   if (array_type->is_typeArray_klass()) {
     // The oopFactory likes to work with the element type.
@@ -356,12 +362,19 @@ JRT_BLOCK_ENTRY(void, OptoRuntime::new_array_C(Klass* array_type, int len, JavaT
     BasicType elem_type = TypeArrayKlass::cast(array_type)->element_type();
     result = oopFactory::new_typeArray(elem_type, len, THREAD);
   } else {
-    // Although the oopFactory likes to work with the elem_type,
-    // the compiler prefers the array_type, since it must already have
-    // that latter value in hand for the fast path.
     Handle holder(current, array_type->klass_holder()); // keep the array klass alive
-    Klass* elem_type = ObjArrayKlass::cast(array_type)->element_klass();
-    result = oopFactory::new_objArray(elem_type, len, THREAD);
+    ObjArrayKlass* oak = ObjArrayKlass::cast(array_type);
+    result = oopFactory::new_objArray(oak->element_klass(), len, oak->properties(), THREAD);
+    if (!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION && array_type->is_null_free_array_klass() && !h_init_val.is_null()) {
+      // Null-free arrays need to be initialized
+#ifdef ASSERT
+      ObjArrayKlass* result_oak = ObjArrayKlass::cast(result->klass());
+      assert(result_oak->is_null_free_array_klass(), "Sanity check");
+#endif
+      for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+        ((objArrayOop)result)->obj_at_put(i, h_init_val());
+      }
+    }
   }
 
   // Pass oops back through thread local storage.  Our apparent type to Java
@@ -621,6 +634,23 @@ static const TypeFunc* make_athrow_Type() {
 }
 
 static const TypeFunc* make_new_array_Type() {
+  // create input type (domain)
+  const Type **fields = TypeTuple::fields(3);
+  fields[TypeFunc::Parms+0] = TypeInstPtr::NOTNULL;   // element klass
+  fields[TypeFunc::Parms+1] = TypeInt::INT;       // array size
+  fields[TypeFunc::Parms+2] = TypeInstPtr::NOTNULL;       // init value
+  const TypeTuple *domain = TypeTuple::make(TypeFunc::Parms+3, fields);
+
+  // create result type (range)
+  fields = TypeTuple::fields(1);
+  fields[TypeFunc::Parms+0] = TypeRawPtr::NOTNULL; // Returned oop
+
+  const TypeTuple *range = TypeTuple::make(TypeFunc::Parms+1, fields);
+
+  return TypeFunc::make(domain, range);
+}
+
+static const TypeFunc* make_new_array_nozero_Type() {
   // create input type (domain)
   const Type **fields = TypeTuple::fields(2);
   fields[TypeFunc::Parms+0] = TypeInstPtr::NOTNULL;   // element klass
@@ -696,7 +726,7 @@ static const TypeFunc* make_complete_monitor_enter_Type() {
 
   const TypeTuple *range = TypeTuple::make(TypeFunc::Parms+0,fields);
 
-  return TypeFunc::make(domain,range);
+  return TypeFunc::make(domain, range);
 }
 
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -2187,7 +2217,7 @@ static const TypeFunc* make_register_finalizer_Type() {
 
   const TypeTuple *range = TypeTuple::make(TypeFunc::Parms+0,fields);
 
-  return TypeFunc::make(domain,range);
+  return TypeFunc::make(domain, range);
 }
 
 #if INCLUDE_JFR
@@ -2219,7 +2249,7 @@ static const TypeFunc* make_dtrace_method_entry_exit_Type() {
 
   const TypeTuple *range = TypeTuple::make(TypeFunc::Parms+0,fields);
 
-  return TypeFunc::make(domain,range);
+  return TypeFunc::make(domain, range);
 }
 
 static const TypeFunc* make_dtrace_object_alloc_Type() {
@@ -2235,7 +2265,7 @@ static const TypeFunc* make_dtrace_object_alloc_Type() {
 
   const TypeTuple *range = TypeTuple::make(TypeFunc::Parms+0,fields);
 
-  return TypeFunc::make(domain,range);
+  return TypeFunc::make(domain, range);
 }
 
 JRT_ENTRY_NO_ASYNC(void, OptoRuntime::register_finalizer_C(oopDesc* obj, JavaThread* current))
@@ -2326,6 +2356,7 @@ NamedCounter* OptoRuntime::new_named_counter(JVMState* youngest_jvms, NamedCount
 void OptoRuntime::initialize_types() {
   _new_instance_Type                  = make_new_instance_Type();
   _new_array_Type                     = make_new_array_Type();
+  _new_array_nozero_Type              = make_new_array_nozero_Type();
   _multianewarray2_Type               = multianewarray_Type(2);
   _multianewarray3_Type               = multianewarray_Type(3);
   _multianewarray4_Type               = multianewarray_Type(4);
@@ -2427,3 +2458,108 @@ static void trace_exception(outputStream* st, oop exception_oop, address excepti
 
   st->print_raw_cr(tempst.freeze());
 }
+
+const TypeFunc *OptoRuntime::store_inline_type_fields_Type() {
+  // create input type (domain)
+  uint total = SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_int + SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_float*2;
+  const Type **fields = TypeTuple::fields(total);
+  // We don't know the number of returned values and their
+  // types. Assume all registers available to the return convention
+  // are used.
+  fields[TypeFunc::Parms] = TypePtr::BOTTOM;
+  uint i = 1;
+  for (; i < SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_int; i++) {
+    fields[TypeFunc::Parms+i] = TypeInt::INT;
+  }
+  for (; i < total; i+=2) {
+    fields[TypeFunc::Parms+i] = Type::DOUBLE;
+    fields[TypeFunc::Parms+i+1] = Type::HALF;
+  }
+  const TypeTuple* domain = TypeTuple::make(TypeFunc::Parms + total, fields);
+
+  // create result type (range)
+  fields = TypeTuple::fields(1);
+  fields[TypeFunc::Parms+0] = TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM;
+
+  const TypeTuple *range = TypeTuple::make(TypeFunc::Parms+1,fields);
+
+  return TypeFunc::make(domain, range);
+}
+
+const TypeFunc *OptoRuntime::pack_inline_type_Type() {
+  // create input type (domain)
+  uint total = 1 + SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_int + SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_float*2;
+  const Type **fields = TypeTuple::fields(total);
+  // We don't know the number of returned values and their
+  // types. Assume all registers available to the return convention
+  // are used.
+  fields[TypeFunc::Parms] = TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM;
+  fields[TypeFunc::Parms+1] = TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM;
+  uint i = 2;
+  for (; i < SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_int+1; i++) {
+    fields[TypeFunc::Parms+i] = TypeInt::INT;
+  }
+  for (; i < total; i+=2) {
+    fields[TypeFunc::Parms+i] = Type::DOUBLE;
+    fields[TypeFunc::Parms+i+1] = Type::HALF;
+  }
+  const TypeTuple* domain = TypeTuple::make(TypeFunc::Parms + total, fields);
+
+  // create result type (range)
+  fields = TypeTuple::fields(1);
+  fields[TypeFunc::Parms+0] = TypeInstPtr::NOTNULL;
+
+  const TypeTuple *range = TypeTuple::make(TypeFunc::Parms+1,fields);
+
+  return TypeFunc::make(domain, range);
+}
+
+JRT_BLOCK_ENTRY(void, OptoRuntime::load_unknown_inline_C(flatArrayOopDesc* array, int index, JavaThread* current))
+  JRT_BLOCK;
+  oop buffer = array->obj_at(index, THREAD);
+  deoptimize_caller_frame(current, HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION);
+  current->set_vm_result_oop(buffer);
+  JRT_BLOCK_END;
+JRT_END
+
+const TypeFunc* OptoRuntime::load_unknown_inline_Type() {
+  // create input type (domain)
+  const Type** fields = TypeTuple::fields(2);
+  fields[TypeFunc::Parms] = TypeOopPtr::NOTNULL;
+  fields[TypeFunc::Parms+1] = TypeInt::POS;
+
+  const TypeTuple* domain = TypeTuple::make(TypeFunc::Parms+2, fields);
+
+  // create result type (range)
+  fields = TypeTuple::fields(1);
+  fields[TypeFunc::Parms] = TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM;
+
+  const TypeTuple* range = TypeTuple::make(TypeFunc::Parms+1, fields);
+
+  return TypeFunc::make(domain, range);
+}
+
+JRT_BLOCK_ENTRY(void, OptoRuntime::store_unknown_inline_C(instanceOopDesc* buffer, flatArrayOopDesc* array, int index, JavaThread* current))
+  JRT_BLOCK;
+  array->obj_at_put(index, buffer, THREAD);
+  if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
+      fatal("This entry must be changed to be a non-leaf entry because writing to a flat array can now throw an exception");
+  }
+  JRT_BLOCK_END;
+JRT_END
+
+const TypeFunc* OptoRuntime::store_unknown_inline_Type() {
+  // create input type (domain)
+  const Type** fields = TypeTuple::fields(3);
+  fields[TypeFunc::Parms] = TypeInstPtr::NOTNULL;
+  fields[TypeFunc::Parms+1] = TypeOopPtr::NOTNULL;
+  fields[TypeFunc::Parms+2] = TypeInt::POS;
+
+  const TypeTuple* domain = TypeTuple::make(TypeFunc::Parms+3, fields);
+
+  // create result type (range)
+  fields = TypeTuple::fields(0);
+  const TypeTuple* range = TypeTuple::make(TypeFunc::Parms, fields);
+
+  return TypeFunc::make(domain, range);
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/runtime.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/runtime.hpp
index 5802bf59ae5..a5c932142fd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/runtime.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/runtime.hpp
@@ -125,6 +125,7 @@ class OptoRuntime : public AllStatic {
   // static TypeFunc* data members
   static const TypeFunc* _new_instance_Type;
   static const TypeFunc* _new_array_Type;
+  static const TypeFunc* _new_array_nozero_Type;
   static const TypeFunc* _multianewarray2_Type;
   static const TypeFunc* _multianewarray3_Type;
   static const TypeFunc* _multianewarray4_Type;
@@ -215,7 +216,7 @@ class OptoRuntime : public AllStatic {
   static void new_instance_C(Klass* instance_klass, JavaThread* current);
 
   // Allocate storage for a objArray or typeArray
-  static void new_array_C(Klass* array_klass, int len, JavaThread* current);
+  static void new_array_C(Klass* array_klass, int len, oopDesc* init_val, JavaThread* current);
   static void new_array_nozero_C(Klass* array_klass, int len, JavaThread* current);
 
   // Allocate storage for a multi-dimensional arrays
@@ -264,6 +265,8 @@ class OptoRuntime : public AllStatic {
   static void register_finalizer_C(oopDesc* obj, JavaThread* current);
 
  public:
+  static void load_unknown_inline_C(flatArrayOopDesc* array, int index, JavaThread* current);
+  static void store_unknown_inline_C(instanceOopDesc* buffer, flatArrayOopDesc* array, int index, JavaThread* current);
 
   static bool is_callee_saved_register(MachRegisterNumbers reg);
 
@@ -296,6 +299,8 @@ class OptoRuntime : public AllStatic {
 
   static address slow_arraycopy_Java()                   { return _slow_arraycopy_Java; }
   static address register_finalizer_Java()               { return _register_finalizer_Java; }
+  static address load_unknown_inline_Java()              { return _load_unknown_inline_Java; }
+  static address store_unknown_inline_Java()             { return _store_unknown_inline_Java; }
 
   static address vthread_end_first_transition_Java()     { return _vthread_end_first_transition_Java; }
   static address vthread_start_final_transition_Java()   { return _vthread_start_final_transition_Java; }
@@ -327,7 +332,8 @@ class OptoRuntime : public AllStatic {
   }
 
   static inline const TypeFunc* new_array_nozero_Type() {
-    return new_array_Type();
+    assert(_new_array_nozero_Type != nullptr, "should be initialized");
+    return _new_array_nozero_Type;
   }
 
   static const TypeFunc* multianewarray_Type(int ndim); // multianewarray
@@ -765,6 +771,12 @@ class OptoRuntime : public AllStatic {
   }
 #endif // INCLUDE_JFR
 
+  static const TypeFunc* load_unknown_inline_Type();
+  static const TypeFunc* store_unknown_inline_Type();
+
+  static const TypeFunc* store_inline_type_fields_Type();
+  static const TypeFunc* pack_inline_type_Type();
+
   // Dtrace support. entry and exit probes have the same signature
   static inline const TypeFunc* dtrace_method_entry_exit_Type() {
     assert(_dtrace_method_entry_exit_Type != nullptr, "should be initialized");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/stringopts.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/stringopts.cpp
index e499ba932e1..45a1bfddc81 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/stringopts.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/stringopts.cpp
@@ -341,37 +341,37 @@ StringConcat* StringConcat::merge(StringConcat* other, Node* arg) {
 
 void StringConcat::eliminate_call(CallNode* call) {
   Compile* C = _stringopts->C;
-  CallProjections projs;
-  call->extract_projections(&projs, false);
-  if (projs.fallthrough_catchproj != nullptr) {
-    C->gvn_replace_by(projs.fallthrough_catchproj, call->in(TypeFunc::Control));
+  CallProjections* projs = call->extract_projections(false);
+  if (projs->fallthrough_catchproj != nullptr) {
+    C->gvn_replace_by(projs->fallthrough_catchproj, call->in(TypeFunc::Control));
   }
-  if (projs.fallthrough_memproj != nullptr) {
-    C->gvn_replace_by(projs.fallthrough_memproj, call->in(TypeFunc::Memory));
+  if (projs->fallthrough_memproj != nullptr) {
+    C->gvn_replace_by(projs->fallthrough_memproj, call->in(TypeFunc::Memory));
   }
-  if (projs.catchall_memproj != nullptr) {
-    C->gvn_replace_by(projs.catchall_memproj, C->top());
+  if (projs->catchall_memproj != nullptr) {
+    C->gvn_replace_by(projs->catchall_memproj, C->top());
   }
-  if (projs.fallthrough_ioproj != nullptr) {
-    C->gvn_replace_by(projs.fallthrough_ioproj, call->in(TypeFunc::I_O));
+  if (projs->fallthrough_ioproj != nullptr) {
+    C->gvn_replace_by(projs->fallthrough_ioproj, call->in(TypeFunc::I_O));
   }
-  if (projs.catchall_ioproj != nullptr) {
-    C->gvn_replace_by(projs.catchall_ioproj, C->top());
+  if (projs->catchall_ioproj != nullptr) {
+    C->gvn_replace_by(projs->catchall_ioproj, C->top());
   }
-  if (projs.catchall_catchproj != nullptr) {
+  if (projs->catchall_catchproj != nullptr) {
     // EA can't cope with the partially collapsed graph this
     // creates so put it on the worklist to be collapsed later.
-    for (SimpleDUIterator i(projs.catchall_catchproj); i.has_next(); i.next()) {
+    for (SimpleDUIterator i(projs->catchall_catchproj); i.has_next(); i.next()) {
       Node *use = i.get();
       int opc = use->Opcode();
       if (opc == Op_CreateEx || opc == Op_Region) {
         _stringopts->record_dead_node(use);
       }
     }
-    C->gvn_replace_by(projs.catchall_catchproj, C->top());
+    C->gvn_replace_by(projs->catchall_catchproj, C->top());
   }
-  if (projs.resproj != nullptr) {
-    C->gvn_replace_by(projs.resproj, C->top());
+  if (projs->resproj[0] != nullptr) {
+    assert(projs->nb_resproj == 1, "unexpected number of results");
+    C->gvn_replace_by(projs->resproj[0], C->top());
   }
   C->gvn_replace_by(call, C->top());
 }
@@ -1152,6 +1152,9 @@ bool StringConcat::validate_control_flow() {
         continue;
       }
       if (opc == Op_CastPP || opc == Op_CheckCastPP) {
+        if (opc == Op_CheckCastPP) {
+          worklist.push(use);
+        }
         for (SimpleDUIterator j(use); j.has_next(); j.next()) {
           worklist.push(j.get());
         }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/subnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/subnode.cpp
index 39d5f0be90c..a58e1cf5e2a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/subnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/subnode.cpp
@@ -22,13 +22,17 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compileLog.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/c2/barrierSetC2.hpp"
 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
 #include "opto/addnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/callnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/castnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/cfgnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/convertnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
 #include "opto/loopnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/matcher.hpp"
 #include "opto/movenode.hpp"
@@ -37,6 +41,7 @@
 #include "opto/opcodes.hpp"
 #include "opto/phaseX.hpp"
 #include "opto/subnode.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "utilities/reverse_bits.hpp"
 
@@ -889,7 +894,32 @@ Node *CmpINode::Ideal( PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape ) {
   return nullptr;                  // No change
 }
 
-Node *CmpLNode::Ideal( PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape ) {
+//------------------------------Ideal------------------------------------------
+Node* CmpLNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
+  // Optimize expressions like
+  //   CmpL(OrL(CastP2X(..), CastP2X(..)), 0L)
+  // that are used by acmp to implement a "both operands are null" check.
+  // See also the corresponding code in CmpPNode::Ideal.
+  if (can_reshape && in(1)->Opcode() == Op_OrL &&
+      in(2)->bottom_type()->is_zero_type()) {
+    for (int i = 1; i <= 2; ++i) {
+      Node* orIn = in(1)->in(i);
+      if (orIn->Opcode() == Op_CastP2X) {
+        Node* castIn = orIn->in(1);
+        if (castIn->is_InlineType()) {
+          // Replace the CastP2X by the null marker
+          InlineTypeNode* vt = castIn->as_InlineType();
+          Node* nm = phase->transform(new ConvI2LNode(vt->get_null_marker()));
+          phase->is_IterGVN()->replace_input_of(in(1), i, nm);
+          return this;
+        } else if (!phase->type(castIn)->maybe_null()) {
+          // Never null. Replace the CastP2X by constant 1L.
+          phase->is_IterGVN()->replace_input_of(in(1), i, phase->longcon(1));
+          return this;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
   const TypeLong *t2 = phase->type(in(2))->isa_long();
   if (Opcode() == Op_CmpL && in(1)->Opcode() == Op_ConvI2L && t2 && t2->is_con()) {
     const jlong con = t2->get_con();
@@ -997,7 +1027,22 @@ const Type *CmpPNode::sub( const Type *t1, const Type *t2 ) const {
                (k0 && !k0->maybe_java_subtype_of(k1))) {
       unrelated_classes = xklass0;
     }
-
+    if (!unrelated_classes) {
+      // Handle inline type arrays
+      if ((r0->is_flat_in_array() && r1->is_not_flat_in_array()) ||
+          (r1->is_flat_in_array() && r0->is_not_flat_in_array())) {
+        // One type is in flat arrays but the other type is not. Must be unrelated.
+        unrelated_classes = true;
+      } else if ((r0->is_not_flat() && r1->is_flat()) ||
+                 (r1->is_not_flat() && r0->is_flat())) {
+        // One type is a non-flat array and the other type is a flat array. Must be unrelated.
+        unrelated_classes = true;
+      } else if ((r0->is_not_null_free() && r1->is_null_free()) ||
+                 (r1->is_not_null_free() && r0->is_null_free())) {
+        // One type is a nullable array and the other type is a null-free array. Must be unrelated.
+        unrelated_classes = true;
+      }
+    }
     if (unrelated_classes) {
       // The oops classes are known to be unrelated. If the joined PTRs of
       // two oops is not Null and not Bottom, then we are sure that one
@@ -1024,7 +1069,7 @@ const Type *CmpPNode::sub( const Type *t1, const Type *t2 ) const {
     return TypeInt::CC;
 }
 
-static inline Node* isa_java_mirror_load(PhaseGVN* phase, Node* n) {
+static inline Node* isa_java_mirror_load(PhaseGVN* phase, Node* n, bool& might_be_an_array) {
   // Return the klass node for (indirect load from OopHandle)
   //   LoadBarrier?(LoadP(LoadP(AddP(foo:Klass, #java_mirror))))
   //   or null if not matching.
@@ -1046,12 +1091,13 @@ static inline Node* isa_java_mirror_load(PhaseGVN* phase, Node* n) {
   if (k == nullptr)  return nullptr;
   const TypeKlassPtr* tkp = phase->type(k)->isa_klassptr();
   if (!tkp || off != in_bytes(Klass::java_mirror_offset())) return nullptr;
+  might_be_an_array |= tkp->isa_aryklassptr() || tkp->is_instklassptr()->might_be_an_array();
 
   // We've found the klass node of a Java mirror load.
   return k;
 }
 
-static inline Node* isa_const_java_mirror(PhaseGVN* phase, Node* n) {
+static inline Node* isa_const_java_mirror(PhaseGVN* phase, Node* n, bool& might_be_an_array) {
   // for ConP(Foo.class) return ConP(Foo.klass)
   // otherwise return null
   if (!n->is_Con()) return nullptr;
@@ -1071,8 +1117,18 @@ static inline Node* isa_const_java_mirror(PhaseGVN* phase, Node* n) {
   }
 
   // return the ConP(Foo.klass)
-  assert(mirror_type->is_klass(), "mirror_type should represent a Klass*");
-  return phase->makecon(TypeKlassPtr::make(mirror_type->as_klass(), Type::trust_interfaces));
+  ciKlass* mirror_klass = mirror_type->as_klass();
+
+  if (mirror_klass->is_array_klass() && !mirror_klass->is_type_array_klass()) {
+    if (!mirror_klass->can_be_inline_array_klass()) {
+      // Special case for non-value arrays: They only have one (default) refined class, use it
+      ciArrayKlass* refined_mirror_klass = ciObjArrayKlass::make(mirror_klass->as_array_klass()->element_klass(), true);
+      return phase->makecon(TypeAryKlassPtr::make(refined_mirror_klass, Type::trust_interfaces));
+    }
+    might_be_an_array |= true;
+  }
+
+  return phase->makecon(TypeKlassPtr::make(mirror_klass, Type::trust_interfaces));
 }
 
 //------------------------------Ideal------------------------------------------
@@ -1082,7 +1138,34 @@ static inline Node* isa_const_java_mirror(PhaseGVN* phase, Node* n) {
 // super-type array vs a known klass with no subtypes.  This amounts to
 // checking to see an unknown klass subtypes a known klass with no subtypes;
 // this only happens on an exact match.  We can shorten this test by 1 load.
-Node *CmpPNode::Ideal( PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape ) {
+Node* CmpPNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
+  Node* uncast_in1 = in(1)->uncast();
+  Node* uncast_in2 = in(2)->uncast();
+  if (uncast_in1->is_InlineType() && phase->type(uncast_in2)->is_zero_type()) {
+    // Null checking a scalarized but nullable inline type. Check the null marker
+    // input instead of the oop input to avoid keeping buffer allocations alive.
+    return new CmpINode(uncast_in1->as_InlineType()->get_null_marker(), phase->intcon(0));
+  }
+  if (uncast_in1->is_InlineType() || uncast_in2->is_InlineType()) {
+    // In C2 IR, CmpP on value objects is a pointer comparison, not a value comparison.
+    // For non-null operands it cannot reliably be true, since their buffer oops are not
+    // guaranteed to be identical. Therefore, the comparison can only be true when both
+    // operands are null. Convert expressions like this to a "both operands are null" check:
+    //   CmpL(OrL(CastP2X(..), CastP2X(..)), 0L)
+    // CmpLNode::Ideal might optimize this further to avoid keeping buffer allocations alive.
+    Node* input[2];
+    for (int i = 1; i <= 2; ++i) {
+      Node* uncast_in = in(i)->uncast();
+      if (uncast_in->is_InlineType()) {
+        input[i-1] = phase->transform(new ConvI2LNode(uncast_in->as_InlineType()->get_null_marker()));
+      } else {
+        input[i-1] = phase->transform(new CastP2XNode(nullptr, uncast_in));
+      }
+    }
+    Node* orL = phase->transform(new OrXNode(input[0], input[1]));
+    return new CmpXNode(orL, phase->MakeConX(0));
+  }
+
   // Normalize comparisons between Java mirrors into comparisons of the low-
   // level klass, where a dependent load could be shortened.
   //
@@ -1096,9 +1179,16 @@ Node *CmpPNode::Ideal( PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape ) {
   //   }
   // a CmpPNode could be shared between if_acmpne and checkcast
   {
-    Node* k1 = isa_java_mirror_load(phase, in(1));
-    Node* k2 = isa_java_mirror_load(phase, in(2));
-    Node* conk2 = isa_const_java_mirror(phase, in(2));
+    bool might_be_an_array1 = false;
+    bool might_be_an_array2 = false;
+    Node* k1 = isa_java_mirror_load(phase, in(1), might_be_an_array1);
+    Node* k2 = isa_java_mirror_load(phase, in(2), might_be_an_array2);
+    Node* conk2 = isa_const_java_mirror(phase, in(2), might_be_an_array2);
+    if (might_be_an_array1 && might_be_an_array2) {
+      // Don't optimize if both sides might be an array because arrays with
+      // the same Java mirror can have different refined array klasses.
+      k1 = k2 = nullptr;
+    }
 
     if (k1 && (k2 || conk2)) {
       Node* lhs = k1;
@@ -1177,6 +1267,19 @@ Node *CmpPNode::Ideal( PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape ) {
     }
   }
 
+  // Do not fold the subtype check to an array klass pointer comparison for
+  // value class arrays because they can have multiple refined array klasses.
+  superklass = t2->exact_klass();
+  assert(!superklass->is_flat_array_klass(), "Unexpected flat array klass");
+  if (superklass->is_obj_array_klass()) {
+    if (superklass->as_array_klass()->element_klass()->is_inlinetype() && !superklass->as_array_klass()->is_refined()) {
+      return nullptr;
+    } else {
+      // Special case for non-value arrays: They only have one (default) refined class, use it
+      set_req_X(2, phase->makecon(t2->is_aryklassptr()->cast_to_refined_array_klass_ptr()), phase);
+    }
+  }
+
   // Bypass the dependent load, and compare directly
   this->set_req_X(1, ldk2, phase);
 
@@ -1315,6 +1418,43 @@ Node *CmpDNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape){
   return nullptr;                  // No change
 }
 
+//=============================================================================
+//------------------------------Value------------------------------------------
+const Type* FlatArrayCheckNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
+  bool all_not_flat = true;
+  for (uint i = ArrayOrKlass; i < req(); ++i) {
+    const Type* t = phase->type(in(i));
+    if (t == Type::TOP) {
+      return Type::TOP;
+    }
+    if (t->is_ptr()->is_flat()) {
+      // One of the input arrays is flat, check always passes
+      return TypeInt::CC_EQ;
+    } else if (!t->is_ptr()->is_not_flat()) {
+      // One of the input arrays might be flat
+      all_not_flat = false;
+    }
+  }
+  if (all_not_flat) {
+    // None of the input arrays can be flat, check always fails
+    return TypeInt::CC_GT;
+  }
+  return TypeInt::CC;
+}
+
+//------------------------------Ideal------------------------------------------
+Node* FlatArrayCheckNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
+  bool changed = false;
+  // Remove inputs that are known to be non-flat
+  for (uint i = ArrayOrKlass; i < req(); ++i) {
+    const Type* t = phase->type(in(i));
+    if (t->isa_ptr() && t->is_ptr()->is_not_flat()) {
+      del_req(i--);
+      changed = true;
+    }
+  }
+  return changed ? this : nullptr;
+}
 
 //=============================================================================
 //------------------------------cc2logical-------------------------------------
@@ -1496,8 +1636,8 @@ Node *BoolNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
   Node *cmp = in(1);
   if( !cmp->is_Sub() ) return nullptr;
   int cop = cmp->Opcode();
-  if( cop == Op_FastLock || cop == Op_FastUnlock ||
-      cmp->is_SubTypeCheck() || cop == Op_VectorTest ) {
+  if (cop == Op_FastLock || cop == Op_FastUnlock || cop == Op_FlatArrayCheck ||
+      cmp->is_SubTypeCheck() || cop == Op_VectorTest) {
     return nullptr;
   }
   Node *cmp1 = cmp->in(1);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/subnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/subnode.hpp
index 358508248d0..b59b9b9bf53 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/subnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/subnode.hpp
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ class CmpLNode : public CmpNode {
 public:
   CmpLNode( Node *in1, Node *in2 ) : CmpNode(in1,in2) {}
   virtual int    Opcode() const;
-  virtual Node *Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape);
+  virtual Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape);
   virtual const Type *sub( const Type *, const Type * ) const;
 };
 
@@ -310,6 +310,26 @@ class CmpD3Node : public CmpDNode {
   virtual uint ideal_reg() const { return Op_RegI; }
 };
 
+//--------------------------FlatArrayCheckNode---------------------------------
+// Returns true if one of the input array objects or array klass ptrs (there
+// can be multiple) is flat.
+class FlatArrayCheckNode : public CmpNode {
+public:
+  enum {
+    Control,
+    Memory,
+    ArrayOrKlass
+  };
+  FlatArrayCheckNode(Compile* C, Node* mem, Node* array_or_klass) : CmpNode(mem, array_or_klass) {
+    init_class_id(Class_FlatArrayCheck);
+    init_flags(Flag_is_macro);
+    C->add_macro_node(this);
+  }
+  virtual int Opcode() const;
+  virtual const Type* sub(const Type*, const Type*) const { ShouldNotReachHere(); return nullptr; }
+  const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const;
+  virtual Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape);
+};
 
 //------------------------------BoolTest---------------------------------------
 // Convert condition codes to a boolean test value (0 or -1).
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/subtypenode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/subtypenode.cpp
index 317b839fbd4..c759b948299 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/subtypenode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/subtypenode.cpp
@@ -33,13 +33,13 @@
 #include "opto/subtypenode.hpp"
 
 const Type* SubTypeCheckNode::sub(const Type* sub_t, const Type* super_t) const {
-  const TypeKlassPtr* superk = super_t->isa_klassptr();
+  const TypeKlassPtr* super_klass_type = super_t->isa_klassptr();
   assert(sub_t != Type::TOP && !TypePtr::NULL_PTR->higher_equal(sub_t), "should be not null");
-  const TypeKlassPtr* subk = sub_t->isa_klassptr() ? sub_t->is_klassptr() : sub_t->is_oopptr()->as_klass_type();
+  const TypeKlassPtr* sub_klass_type = sub_t->isa_klassptr() ? sub_t->is_klassptr() : sub_t->is_oopptr()->as_klass_type();
 
   // Oop can't be a subtype of abstract type that has no subclass.
-  if (sub_t->isa_oopptr() && superk->isa_instklassptr() && superk->klass_is_exact()) {
-    ciKlass* superklass = superk->exact_klass();
+  if (sub_t->isa_oopptr() && super_klass_type->isa_instklassptr() && super_klass_type->klass_is_exact()) {
+    ciKlass* superklass = super_klass_type->exact_klass();
     if (!superklass->is_interface() && superklass->is_abstract() &&
         !superklass->as_instance_klass()->has_subklass()) {
       Compile::current()->dependencies()->assert_leaf_type(superklass);
@@ -47,20 +47,57 @@ const Type* SubTypeCheckNode::sub(const Type* sub_t, const Type* super_t) const
     }
   }
 
-  if (subk != nullptr) {
-    switch (Compile::current()->static_subtype_check(superk, subk, false)) {
-      case Compile::SSC_always_false:
-        return TypeInt::CC_GT;
-      case Compile::SSC_always_true:
-        return TypeInt::CC_EQ;
-      case Compile::SSC_easy_test:
-      case Compile::SSC_full_test:
-        break;
-      default:
-        ShouldNotReachHere();
+  // TODO 8350865 Shouldn't this be encoded in helper methods of the type system (maybe_java_subtype_of() etc.?)
+  // Similar to logic in CmpPNode::sub()
+  bool unrelated_classes = false;
+
+  // Handle inline type arrays
+  //
+  // The super klass can be an exact non-array klass constant which is known to be not flat in array (e.g. Object)
+  // while the sub klass could very well be flat in array:
+  //
+  //           MyValue       <:       Object:exact
+  //        flat in array          not flat in array
+  //
+  // We therefore first cast the super klass to inexact (if the class is not final itself) and recompute the flat in
+  // array property for the super klass (all done in cast_to_exactness()) in order to check whether the sub klass is
+  // flat in array and the super klass is not flat in array. If that's the case, the classes must be unrelated.
+  const TypeKlassPtr* super_klass_type_for_flat_in_array = super_klass_type;
+  if (super_klass_type->isa_instklassptr()) {
+    // Only relevant for TypeInstKlassPtr. TypeAryKlassPtr will always be not flat in array.
+    super_klass_type_for_flat_in_array = super_klass_type->cast_to_exactness(false);
+  }
+
+  if ((sub_klass_type->is_flat_in_array() && super_klass_type_for_flat_in_array->is_not_flat_in_array()) ||
+      (super_klass_type_for_flat_in_array->is_flat_in_array() && sub_klass_type->is_not_flat_in_array())) {
+    // The subtype is flat in array and the supertype is not in flat array or vice versa. Cannot subtype and thus unrelated.
+    unrelated_classes = true;
+  } else if (sub_klass_type->is_not_flat() && super_klass_type->is_flat()) {
+    // The subtype is a non-flat array and the supertype is a flat array. Must be unrelated.
+    unrelated_classes = true;
+  } else if (sub_klass_type->is_not_null_free() && super_klass_type->is_null_free()) {
+    // The subtype is a nullable array and the supertype is null-free array. Must be unrelated.
+    unrelated_classes = true;
+  }
+  if (unrelated_classes) {
+    TypePtr::PTR jp = sub_t->is_ptr()->join_ptr(super_t->is_ptr()->_ptr);
+    if (jp != TypePtr::Null && jp != TypePtr::BotPTR) {
+      return TypeInt::CC_GT;
     }
   }
 
+  switch (Compile::current()->static_subtype_check(super_klass_type, sub_klass_type, false)) {
+    case Compile::SSC_always_false:
+      return TypeInt::CC_GT;
+    case Compile::SSC_always_true:
+      return TypeInt::CC_EQ;
+    case Compile::SSC_easy_test:
+    case Compile::SSC_full_test:
+      break;
+    default:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+
   return bottom_type();
 }
 
@@ -134,7 +171,8 @@ static Node* record_for_cleanup(Node* n, PhaseGVN* phase) {
   return n;
 }
 bool SubTypeCheckNode::verify_helper(PhaseGVN* phase, Node* subklass, const Type* cached_t) {
-  Node* cmp = phase->transform(new CmpPNode(subklass, in(SuperKlass)));
+  Node* cmp_orig = new CmpPNode(subklass, in(SuperKlass));
+  Node* cmp = phase->transform(cmp_orig);
   record_for_cleanup(cmp, phase);
 
   const Type* cmp_t = phase->type(cmp);
@@ -147,9 +185,10 @@ bool SubTypeCheckNode::verify_helper(PhaseGVN* phase, Node* subklass, const Type
   } else {
     t->dump(); tty->cr();
     this->dump(2); tty->cr();
+    tty->print_cr("VS.\n");
     cmp_t->dump(); tty->cr();
-    subklass->dump(2); tty->cr();
-    tty->print_cr("==============================");
+    cmp_orig->dump(2); tty->cr();
+    tty->print_cr("==============================\n");
     phase->C->root()->dump(9999);
     return false;
   }
@@ -188,7 +227,7 @@ bool SubTypeCheckNode::verify(PhaseGVN* phase) {
         record_for_cleanup(chk_off, phase);
 
         int cacheoff_con = in_bytes(Klass::secondary_super_cache_offset());
-        bool might_be_cache = (phase->find_int_con(chk_off, cacheoff_con) == cacheoff_con);
+        bool might_be_cache = phase->find_int_con(chk_off, cacheoff_con) == cacheoff_con;
         if (!might_be_cache) {
           Node* subklass = load_klass(phase);
           Node* chk_off_X = chk_off;
@@ -244,4 +283,4 @@ void SubTypeCheckNode::dump_spec(outputStream* st) const {
     st->print(":%d", _bci);
   }
 }
-#endif
\ No newline at end of file
+#endif
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.cpp
index a1e213319b7..a84418075d4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.cpp
@@ -22,8 +22,13 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "ci/ciField.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciFlatArray.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciFlatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciInstanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciMethodData.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciTypeFlow.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
@@ -44,9 +49,11 @@
 #include "opto/rangeinference.hpp"
 #include "opto/runtime.hpp"
 #include "opto/type.hpp"
+#include "runtime/globals.hpp"
 #include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
 #include "utilities/checkedCast.hpp"
 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 #include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
 #include "utilities/stringUtils.hpp"
@@ -57,6 +64,50 @@
 
 // Dictionary of types shared among compilations.
 Dict* Type::_shared_type_dict = nullptr;
+const Type::Offset Type::Offset::top(Type::OffsetTop);
+const Type::Offset Type::Offset::bottom(Type::OffsetBot);
+
+const Type::Offset Type::Offset::meet(const Type::Offset other) const {
+  // Either is 'TOP' offset?  Return the other offset!
+  if (_offset == OffsetTop) return other;
+  if (other._offset == OffsetTop) return *this;
+  // If either is different, return 'BOTTOM' offset
+  if (_offset != other._offset) return bottom;
+  return Offset(_offset);
+}
+
+const Type::Offset Type::Offset::dual() const {
+  if (_offset == OffsetTop) return bottom;// Map 'TOP' into 'BOTTOM'
+  if (_offset == OffsetBot) return top;// Map 'BOTTOM' into 'TOP'
+  return Offset(_offset);               // Map everything else into self
+}
+
+const Type::Offset Type::Offset::add(intptr_t offset) const {
+  // Adding to 'TOP' offset?  Return 'TOP'!
+  if (_offset == OffsetTop || offset == OffsetTop) return top;
+  // Adding to 'BOTTOM' offset?  Return 'BOTTOM'!
+  if (_offset == OffsetBot || offset == OffsetBot) return bottom;
+  // Addition overflows or "accidentally" equals to OffsetTop? Return 'BOTTOM'!
+  offset += (intptr_t)_offset;
+  if (offset != (int)offset || offset == OffsetTop) return bottom;
+
+  // assert( _offset >= 0 && _offset+offset >= 0, "" );
+  // It is possible to construct a negative offset during PhaseCCP
+
+  return Offset((int)offset);        // Sum valid offsets
+}
+
+void Type::Offset::dump2(outputStream *st) const {
+  if (_offset == 0) {
+    return;
+  } else if (_offset == OffsetTop) {
+    st->print("+top");
+  } else if (_offset == OffsetBot) {
+    st->print("+bot");
+  } else {
+    st->print("+%d", _offset);
+  }
+}
 
 // Array which maps compiler types to Basic Types
 const Type::TypeInfo Type::_type_info[Type::lastype] = {
@@ -235,6 +286,9 @@ const Type* Type::get_typeflow_type(ciType* type) {
     assert(type->is_return_address(), "");
     return TypeRawPtr::make((address)(intptr_t)type->as_return_address()->bci(), relocInfo::none);
 
+  case T_OBJECT:
+    return Type::get_const_type(type->unwrap())->join_speculative(type->is_null_free() ? TypePtr::NOTNULL : TypePtr::BOTTOM);
+
   default:
     // make sure we did not mix up the cases:
     assert(type != ciTypeFlow::StateVector::bottom_type(), "");
@@ -324,8 +378,7 @@ static ciConstant check_mismatched_access(ciConstant con, BasicType loadbt, bool
   return ciConstant(); // T_ILLEGAL
 }
 
-// Try to constant-fold a stable array element.
-const Type* Type::make_constant_from_array_element(ciArray* array, int off, int stable_dimension,
+static const Type* make_constant_from_non_flat_array_element(ciArray* array, int off, int stable_dimension,
                                                    BasicType loadbt, bool is_unsigned_load) {
   // Decode the results of GraphKit::array_element_address.
   ciConstant element_value = array->element_value_by_offset(off);
@@ -345,6 +398,39 @@ const Type* Type::make_constant_from_array_element(ciArray* array, int off, int
   return nullptr;
 }
 
+static const Type* make_constant_from_flat_array_element(ciFlatArray* array, int off, int field_offset, int stable_dimension,
+                                                         BasicType loadbt, bool is_unsigned_load) {
+  if (!array->is_null_free()) {
+    ciConstant nm_value = array->null_marker_of_element_by_offset(off);
+    if (!nm_value.is_valid() || !nm_value.as_boolean()) {
+      return nullptr;
+    }
+  }
+  ciConstant element_value = array->field_value_by_offset(off + field_offset);
+  if (element_value.basic_type() == T_ILLEGAL) {
+    return nullptr; // wrong offset
+  }
+  ciConstant con = check_mismatched_access(element_value, loadbt, is_unsigned_load);
+
+  assert(con.basic_type() != T_ILLEGAL, "elembt=%s; loadbt=%s; unsigned=%d",
+         type2name(element_value.basic_type()), type2name(loadbt), is_unsigned_load);
+
+  if (con.is_valid()) { // not a mismatched access
+    bool is_narrow_oop = (loadbt == T_NARROWOOP);
+    return Type::make_from_constant(con, /*require_constant=*/true, stable_dimension, is_narrow_oop, /*is_autobox_cache=*/false);
+  }
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+// Try to constant-fold a stable array element.
+const Type* Type::make_constant_from_array_element(ciArray* array, int off, int field_offset, int stable_dimension,
+                                                   BasicType loadbt, bool is_unsigned_load) {
+  if (array->is_flat()) {
+    return make_constant_from_flat_array_element(array->as_flat_array(), off, field_offset, stable_dimension, loadbt, is_unsigned_load);
+  }
+  return make_constant_from_non_flat_array_element(array, off, stable_dimension, loadbt, is_unsigned_load);
+}
+
 const Type* Type::make_constant_from_field(ciInstance* holder, int off, bool is_unsigned_load, BasicType loadbt) {
   ciField* field;
   ciType* type = holder->java_mirror_type();
@@ -557,9 +643,9 @@ void Type::Initialize_shared(Compile* current) {
   floop[1] = TypeInt::INT;
   TypeTuple::LOOPBODY = TypeTuple::make( 2, floop );
 
-  TypePtr::NULL_PTR= TypePtr::make(AnyPtr, TypePtr::Null, 0);
-  TypePtr::NOTNULL = TypePtr::make(AnyPtr, TypePtr::NotNull, OffsetBot);
-  TypePtr::BOTTOM  = TypePtr::make(AnyPtr, TypePtr::BotPTR, OffsetBot);
+  TypePtr::NULL_PTR= TypePtr::make(AnyPtr, TypePtr::Null, Offset(0));
+  TypePtr::NOTNULL = TypePtr::make(AnyPtr, TypePtr::NotNull, Offset::bottom);
+  TypePtr::BOTTOM  = TypePtr::make(AnyPtr, TypePtr::BotPTR, Offset::bottom);
 
   TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM = TypeRawPtr::make( TypePtr::BotPTR );
   TypeRawPtr::NOTNULL= TypeRawPtr::make( TypePtr::NotNull );
@@ -576,12 +662,12 @@ void Type::Initialize_shared(Compile* current) {
   TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM  = TypeInstPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR,  current->env()->Object_klass());
   TypeInstPtr::MIRROR  = TypeInstPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull, current->env()->Class_klass());
   TypeInstPtr::MARK    = TypeInstPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR,  current->env()->Object_klass(),
-                                           false, nullptr, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes());
+                                           false, nullptr, Offset(oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
   TypeInstPtr::KLASS   = TypeInstPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR,  current->env()->Object_klass(),
-                                           false, nullptr, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes());
-  TypeOopPtr::BOTTOM  = TypeOopPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, OffsetBot, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+                                           false, nullptr, Offset(oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()));
+  TypeOopPtr::BOTTOM  = TypeOopPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, Offset::bottom, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
 
-  TypeMetadataPtr::BOTTOM = TypeMetadataPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, nullptr, OffsetBot);
+  TypeMetadataPtr::BOTTOM = TypeMetadataPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, nullptr, Offset::bottom);
 
   TypeNarrowOop::NULL_PTR = TypeNarrowOop::make( TypePtr::NULL_PTR );
   TypeNarrowOop::BOTTOM   = TypeNarrowOop::make( TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM );
@@ -604,10 +690,10 @@ void Type::Initialize_shared(Compile* current) {
   TypeAryPtr::_array_interfaces = TypeInterfaces::make(&array_interfaces);
   TypeAryKlassPtr::_array_interfaces = TypeAryPtr::_array_interfaces;
 
-  TypeAryPtr::BOTTOM = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(Type::BOTTOM, TypeInt::POS), nullptr, false, Type::OffsetBot);
-  TypeAryPtr::RANGE   = TypeAryPtr::make( TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(Type::BOTTOM,TypeInt::POS), nullptr /* current->env()->Object_klass() */, false, arrayOopDesc::length_offset_in_bytes());
+  TypeAryPtr::BOTTOM = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(Type::BOTTOM, TypeInt::POS, false, false, false, false, false), nullptr, false, Offset::bottom);
+  TypeAryPtr::RANGE   = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(Type::BOTTOM,TypeInt::POS, false, false, false, false, false), nullptr /* current->env()->Object_klass() */, false, Offset(arrayOopDesc::length_offset_in_bytes()));
 
-  TypeAryPtr::NARROWOOPS = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeNarrowOop::BOTTOM, TypeInt::POS), nullptr /*ciArrayKlass::make(o)*/,  false,  Type::OffsetBot);
+  TypeAryPtr::NARROWOOPS = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeNarrowOop::BOTTOM, TypeInt::POS, false, false, false, false, false), nullptr /*ciArrayKlass::make(o)*/,  false,  Offset::bottom);
 
 #ifdef _LP64
   if (UseCompressedOops) {
@@ -617,19 +703,21 @@ void Type::Initialize_shared(Compile* current) {
 #endif
   {
     // There is no shared klass for Object[].  See note in TypeAryPtr::klass().
-    TypeAryPtr::OOPS  = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM,TypeInt::POS), nullptr /*ciArrayKlass::make(o)*/,  false,  Type::OffsetBot);
+    TypeAryPtr::OOPS  = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM,TypeInt::POS, false, false, false, false, false), nullptr /*ciArrayKlass::make(o)*/,  false,  Offset::bottom);
   }
-  TypeAryPtr::BYTES   = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeInt::BYTE      ,TypeInt::POS), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_BYTE),   true,  Type::OffsetBot);
-  TypeAryPtr::SHORTS  = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeInt::SHORT     ,TypeInt::POS), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_SHORT),  true,  Type::OffsetBot);
-  TypeAryPtr::CHARS   = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeInt::CHAR      ,TypeInt::POS), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_CHAR),   true,  Type::OffsetBot);
-  TypeAryPtr::INTS    = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeInt::INT       ,TypeInt::POS), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_INT),    true,  Type::OffsetBot);
-  TypeAryPtr::LONGS   = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeLong::LONG     ,TypeInt::POS), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_LONG),   true,  Type::OffsetBot);
-  TypeAryPtr::FLOATS  = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(Type::FLOAT        ,TypeInt::POS), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_FLOAT),  true,  Type::OffsetBot);
-  TypeAryPtr::DOUBLES = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(Type::DOUBLE       ,TypeInt::POS), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_DOUBLE), true,  Type::OffsetBot);
+  TypeAryPtr::BYTES   = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeInt::BYTE      ,TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, true, true), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_BYTE),   true,  Offset::bottom);
+  TypeAryPtr::SHORTS  = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeInt::SHORT     ,TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, true, true), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_SHORT),  true,  Offset::bottom);
+  TypeAryPtr::CHARS   = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeInt::CHAR      ,TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, true, true), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_CHAR),   true,  Offset::bottom);
+  TypeAryPtr::INTS    = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeInt::INT       ,TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, true, true), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_INT),    true,  Offset::bottom);
+  TypeAryPtr::LONGS   = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeLong::LONG     ,TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, true, true), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_LONG),   true,  Offset::bottom);
+  TypeAryPtr::FLOATS  = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(Type::FLOAT        ,TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, true, true), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_FLOAT),  true,  Offset::bottom);
+  TypeAryPtr::DOUBLES = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(Type::DOUBLE       ,TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, true, true), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_DOUBLE), true,  Offset::bottom);
+  TypeAryPtr::INLINES = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM,TypeInt::POS, /* stable= */ false, /* flat= */ true, false, false, false), nullptr, false, Offset::bottom);
 
   // Nobody should ask _array_body_type[T_NARROWOOP]. Use null as assert.
   TypeAryPtr::_array_body_type[T_NARROWOOP] = nullptr;
   TypeAryPtr::_array_body_type[T_OBJECT]  = TypeAryPtr::OOPS;
+  TypeAryPtr::_array_body_type[T_FLAT_ELEMENT] = TypeAryPtr::OOPS;
   TypeAryPtr::_array_body_type[T_ARRAY]   = TypeAryPtr::OOPS; // arrays are stored in oop arrays
   TypeAryPtr::_array_body_type[T_BYTE]    = TypeAryPtr::BYTES;
   TypeAryPtr::_array_body_type[T_BOOLEAN] = TypeAryPtr::BYTES;  // boolean[] is a byte array
@@ -640,8 +728,8 @@ void Type::Initialize_shared(Compile* current) {
   TypeAryPtr::_array_body_type[T_FLOAT]   = TypeAryPtr::FLOATS;
   TypeAryPtr::_array_body_type[T_DOUBLE]  = TypeAryPtr::DOUBLES;
 
-  TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT = TypeInstKlassPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull, current->env()->Object_klass(), 0);
-  TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT_OR_NULL = TypeInstKlassPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, current->env()->Object_klass(), 0);
+  TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT = TypeInstKlassPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull, current->env()->Object_klass(), Offset(0));
+  TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT_OR_NULL = TypeInstKlassPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, current->env()->Object_klass(), Offset(0));
 
   const Type **fi2c = TypeTuple::fields(2);
   fi2c[TypeFunc::Parms+0] = TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM; // Method*
@@ -680,6 +768,7 @@ void Type::Initialize_shared(Compile* current) {
   _const_basic_type[T_DOUBLE]      = Type::DOUBLE;
   _const_basic_type[T_OBJECT]      = TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM;
   _const_basic_type[T_ARRAY]       = TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM; // there is no separate bottom for arrays
+  _const_basic_type[T_FLAT_ELEMENT] = TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM;
   _const_basic_type[T_VOID]        = TypePtr::NULL_PTR;   // reflection represents void this way
   _const_basic_type[T_ADDRESS]     = TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM;  // both interpreter return addresses & random raw ptrs
   _const_basic_type[T_CONFLICT]    = Type::BOTTOM;        // why not?
@@ -696,6 +785,7 @@ void Type::Initialize_shared(Compile* current) {
   _zero_type[T_DOUBLE]      = TypeD::ZERO;
   _zero_type[T_OBJECT]      = TypePtr::NULL_PTR;
   _zero_type[T_ARRAY]       = TypePtr::NULL_PTR; // null array is null oop
+  _zero_type[T_FLAT_ELEMENT] = TypePtr::NULL_PTR;
   _zero_type[T_ADDRESS]     = TypePtr::NULL_PTR; // raw pointers use the same null
   _zero_type[T_VOID]        = Type::TOP;         // the only void value is no value at all
 
@@ -971,6 +1061,9 @@ class VerifyMeet {
 void Type::check_symmetrical(const Type* t, const Type* mt, const VerifyMeet& verify) const {
   Compile* C = Compile::current();
   const Type* mt2 = verify.meet(t, this);
+
+  // Verify that:
+  //      this meet t == t meet this
   if (mt != mt2) {
     tty->print_cr("=== Meet Not Commutative ===");
     tty->print("t           = ");   t->dump(); tty->cr();
@@ -987,6 +1080,15 @@ void Type::check_symmetrical(const Type* t, const Type* mt, const VerifyMeet& ve
   // Interface:AnyNull meet Oop:AnyNull == Interface:AnyNull
   // Interface:NotNull meet Oop:NotNull == java/lang/Object:NotNull
 
+  // Verify that:
+  // 1)     mt_dual meet t_dual    == t_dual
+  //    which corresponds to
+  //       !(t meet this)  meet !t ==
+  //       (!t join !this) meet !t == !t
+  // 2)    mt_dual meet this_dual     == this_dual
+  //    which corresponds to
+  //       !(t meet this)  meet !this ==
+  //       (!t join !this) meet !this == !this
   if (t2t != t->_dual || t2this != this->_dual) {
     tty->print_cr("=== Meet Not Symmetric ===");
     tty->print("t   =                   ");              t->dump(); tty->cr();
@@ -997,8 +1099,19 @@ void Type::check_symmetrical(const Type* t, const Type* mt, const VerifyMeet& ve
     tty->print("this_dual=              ");          _dual->dump(); tty->cr();
     tty->print("mt_dual=                ");      mt->_dual->dump(); tty->cr();
 
+    // 1)
     tty->print("mt_dual meet t_dual=    "); t2t           ->dump(); tty->cr();
+    // 2)
     tty->print("mt_dual meet this_dual= "); t2this        ->dump(); tty->cr();
+    tty->cr();
+    tty->print_cr("Fail: ");
+    if (t2t != t->_dual) {
+      tty->print_cr("- mt_dual meet t_dual != t_dual");
+    }
+    if (t2this != this->_dual) {
+      tty->print_cr("- mt_dual meet this_dual != this_dual");
+    }
+    tty->cr();
 
     fatal("meet not symmetric");
   }
@@ -1035,6 +1148,9 @@ const Type *Type::meet_helper(const Type *t, bool include_speculative) const {
   if (isa_narrowklass() || t->isa_narrowklass()) {
     return mt;
   }
+  // TODO 8387653 This currently triggers a verification failure, the code around "// Even though MyValue is final" needs adjustments
+  if ((this_t->isa_ptr() && this_t->is_ptr()->is_not_flat()) ||
+      (this_t->_dual->isa_ptr() && this_t->_dual->is_ptr()->is_not_flat())) return mt;
   this_t->check_symmetrical(t, mt, verify);
   const Type *mt_dual = verify.meet(this_t->_dual, t->_dual);
   this_t->_dual->check_symmetrical(t->_dual, mt_dual, verify);
@@ -2077,11 +2193,39 @@ const TypeTuple *TypeTuple::LONG_PAIR;
 const TypeTuple *TypeTuple::INT_CC_PAIR;
 const TypeTuple *TypeTuple::LONG_CC_PAIR;
 
+static void collect_inline_fields(ciInlineKlass* vk, const Type** field_array, uint& pos) {
+  for (int i = 0; i < vk->nof_declared_nonstatic_fields(); i++) {
+    ciField* field = vk->declared_nonstatic_field_at(i);
+    if (field->is_flat()) {
+      collect_inline_fields(field->type()->as_inline_klass(), field_array, pos);
+      if (!field->is_null_free()) {
+        // Use T_INT instead of T_BOOLEAN here because the upper bits can contain garbage if the holder
+        // is null and C2 will only zero them for T_INT assuming that T_BOOLEAN is already canonicalized.
+        field_array[pos++] = Type::get_const_basic_type(T_INT);
+      }
+    } else {
+      BasicType bt = field->type()->basic_type();
+      const Type* ft = Type::get_const_type(field->type());
+      field_array[pos++] = ft;
+      if (type2size[bt] == 2) {
+        field_array[pos++] = Type::HALF;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 //------------------------------make-------------------------------------------
 // Make a TypeTuple from the range of a method signature
-const TypeTuple *TypeTuple::make_range(ciSignature* sig, InterfaceHandling interface_handling) {
+const TypeTuple* TypeTuple::make_range(ciSignature* sig, InterfaceHandling interface_handling, bool ret_vt_fields, bool is_call) {
   ciType* return_type = sig->return_type();
   uint arg_cnt = return_type->size();
+  if (ret_vt_fields) {
+    arg_cnt = return_type->as_inline_klass()->inline_arg_slots() + 1;
+    if (is_call) {
+      // InlineTypeNode::NullMarker field returned by scalarized calls
+      arg_cnt++;
+    }
+  }
   const Type **field_array = fields(arg_cnt);
   switch (return_type->basic_type()) {
   case T_LONG:
@@ -2093,6 +2237,20 @@ const TypeTuple *TypeTuple::make_range(ciSignature* sig, InterfaceHandling inter
     field_array[TypeFunc::Parms+1] = Type::HALF;
     break;
   case T_OBJECT:
+    if (ret_vt_fields) {
+      uint pos = TypeFunc::Parms;
+      field_array[pos++] = get_const_type(return_type); // Oop might be null when returning as fields
+      collect_inline_fields(return_type->as_inline_klass(), field_array, pos);
+      if (is_call) {
+        // InlineTypeNode::NullMarker field returned by scalarized calls
+        field_array[pos++] = get_const_basic_type(T_BOOLEAN);
+      }
+      assert(pos == (TypeFunc::Parms + arg_cnt), "out of bounds");
+      break;
+    } else {
+      field_array[TypeFunc::Parms] = get_const_type(return_type, interface_handling)->join_speculative(TypePtr::BOTTOM);
+    }
+    break;
   case T_ARRAY:
   case T_BOOLEAN:
   case T_CHAR:
@@ -2111,25 +2269,35 @@ const TypeTuple *TypeTuple::make_range(ciSignature* sig, InterfaceHandling inter
 }
 
 // Make a TypeTuple from the domain of a method signature
-const TypeTuple *TypeTuple::make_domain(ciInstanceKlass* recv, ciSignature* sig, InterfaceHandling interface_handling) {
-  uint arg_cnt = sig->size();
+const TypeTuple *TypeTuple::make_domain(ciMethod* method, InterfaceHandling interface_handling, bool vt_fields_as_args) {
+  ciSignature* sig = method->signature();
+  uint arg_cnt = sig->size() + (method->is_static() ? 0 : 1);
+  if (vt_fields_as_args) {
+    arg_cnt = 0;
+    assert(method->get_sig_cc() != nullptr, "Should have scalarized signature");
+    for (ExtendedSignature sig_cc = ExtendedSignature(method->get_sig_cc(), SigEntryFilter()); !sig_cc.at_end(); ++sig_cc) {
+      arg_cnt += type2size[(*sig_cc)._bt];
+    }
+  }
 
   uint pos = TypeFunc::Parms;
-  const Type **field_array;
-  if (recv != nullptr) {
-    arg_cnt++;
-    field_array = fields(arg_cnt);
-    // Use get_const_type here because it respects UseUniqueSubclasses:
-    field_array[pos++] = get_const_type(recv, interface_handling)->join_speculative(TypePtr::NOTNULL);
-  } else {
-    field_array = fields(arg_cnt);
+  const Type** field_array = fields(arg_cnt);
+  if (!method->is_static()) {
+    ciInstanceKlass* recv = method->holder();
+    if (vt_fields_as_args && recv->is_inlinetype() && recv->as_inline_klass()->can_be_passed_as_fields() && method->is_scalarized_arg(0)) {
+      field_array[pos++] = get_const_type(recv, interface_handling); // buffer argument
+      collect_inline_fields(recv->as_inline_klass(), field_array, pos);
+    } else {
+      field_array[pos++] = get_const_type(recv, interface_handling)->join_speculative(TypePtr::NOTNULL);
+    }
   }
 
   int i = 0;
   while (pos < TypeFunc::Parms + arg_cnt) {
     ciType* type = sig->type_at(i);
+    BasicType bt = type->basic_type();
 
-    switch (type->basic_type()) {
+    switch (bt) {
     case T_LONG:
       field_array[pos++] = TypeLong::LONG;
       field_array[pos++] = Type::HALF;
@@ -2139,6 +2307,15 @@ const TypeTuple *TypeTuple::make_domain(ciInstanceKlass* recv, ciSignature* sig,
       field_array[pos++] = Type::HALF;
       break;
     case T_OBJECT:
+      if (type->is_inlinetype() && vt_fields_as_args && method->is_scalarized_arg(i + (method->is_static() ? 0 : 1))) {
+        field_array[pos++] = get_const_type(type, interface_handling); // buffer argument
+        // InlineTypeNode::NullMarker field used for null checking
+        field_array[pos++] = get_const_basic_type(T_BOOLEAN);
+        collect_inline_fields(type->as_inline_klass(), field_array, pos);
+      } else {
+        field_array[pos++] = get_const_type(type, interface_handling);
+      }
+      break;
     case T_ARRAY:
     case T_FLOAT:
     case T_INT:
@@ -2155,6 +2332,7 @@ const TypeTuple *TypeTuple::make_domain(ciInstanceKlass* recv, ciSignature* sig,
     }
     i++;
   }
+  assert(pos == TypeFunc::Parms + arg_cnt, "wrong number of arguments");
 
   return (TypeTuple*)(new TypeTuple(TypeFunc::Parms + arg_cnt, field_array))->hashcons();
 }
@@ -2289,12 +2467,13 @@ inline const TypeInt* normalize_array_size(const TypeInt* size) {
 }
 
 //------------------------------make-------------------------------------------
-const TypeAry* TypeAry::make(const Type* elem, const TypeInt* size, bool stable) {
+const TypeAry* TypeAry::make(const Type* elem, const TypeInt* size, bool stable,
+                             bool flat, bool not_flat, bool not_null_free, bool atomic) {
   if (UseCompressedOops && elem->isa_oopptr()) {
     elem = elem->make_narrowoop();
   }
   size = normalize_array_size(size);
-  return (TypeAry*)(new TypeAry(elem,size,stable))->hashcons();
+  return (TypeAry*)(new TypeAry(elem, size, stable, flat, not_flat, not_null_free, atomic))->hashcons();
 }
 
 //------------------------------meet-------------------------------------------
@@ -2321,7 +2500,11 @@ const Type *TypeAry::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
       return size;
     }
     return TypeAry::make(_elem->meet_speculative(a->_elem),
-                         isize, _stable && a->_stable);
+                         isize, _stable && a->_stable,
+                         _flat && a->_flat,
+                         _not_flat && a->_not_flat,
+                         _not_null_free && a->_not_null_free,
+                         _atomic && a->_atomic);
   }
   case Top:
     break;
@@ -2334,7 +2517,7 @@ const Type *TypeAry::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
 const Type *TypeAry::xdual() const {
   const TypeInt* size_dual = _size->dual()->is_int();
   size_dual = normalize_array_size(size_dual);
-  return new TypeAry(_elem->dual(), size_dual, !_stable);
+  return new TypeAry(_elem->dual(), size_dual, !_stable, !_flat, !_not_flat, !_not_null_free, !_atomic);
 }
 
 //------------------------------eq---------------------------------------------
@@ -2343,27 +2526,33 @@ bool TypeAry::eq( const Type *t ) const {
   const TypeAry *a = (const TypeAry*)t;
   return _elem == a->_elem &&
     _stable == a->_stable &&
-    _size == a->_size;
+    _size == a->_size &&
+    _flat == a->_flat &&
+    _not_flat == a->_not_flat &&
+    _not_null_free == a->_not_null_free &&
+    _atomic == a->_atomic;
+
 }
 
 //------------------------------hash-------------------------------------------
 // Type-specific hashing function.
 uint TypeAry::hash(void) const {
-  return (uint)(uintptr_t)_elem + (uint)(uintptr_t)_size + (uint)(_stable ? 43 : 0);
+  return (uint)(uintptr_t)_elem + (uint)(uintptr_t)_size + (uint)(_stable ? 43 : 0) +
+      (uint)(_flat ? 44 : 0) + (uint)(_not_flat ? 45 : 0) + (uint)(_not_null_free ? 46 : 0) + (uint)(_atomic ? 47 : 0);
 }
 
 /**
  * Return same type without a speculative part in the element
  */
 const TypeAry* TypeAry::remove_speculative() const {
-  return make(_elem->remove_speculative(), _size, _stable);
+  return make(_elem->remove_speculative(), _size, _stable, _flat, _not_flat, _not_null_free, _atomic);
 }
 
 /**
  * Return same type with cleaned up speculative part of element
  */
 const Type* TypeAry::cleanup_speculative() const {
-  return make(_elem->cleanup_speculative(), _size, _stable);
+  return make(_elem->cleanup_speculative(), _size, _stable, _flat, _not_flat, _not_null_free, _atomic);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -2382,6 +2571,12 @@ const TypePtr* TypePtr::with_inline_depth(int depth) const {
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 void TypeAry::dump2( Dict &d, uint depth, outputStream *st ) const {
   if (_stable)  st->print("stable:");
+  if (_flat) st->print("flat:");
+  if (Verbose) {
+    if (_not_flat) st->print("not flat:");
+    if (_not_null_free) st->print("not null free:");
+  }
+  if (_atomic) st->print("atomic:");
   _elem->dump2(d, depth, st);
   st->print("[");
   _size->dump2(d, depth, st);
@@ -2398,7 +2593,16 @@ bool TypeAry::singleton(void) const {
 }
 
 bool TypeAry::empty(void) const {
-  return _elem->empty() || _size->empty();
+  assert(!_size->empty(), "TypeInt is never empty");
+  // TODO 8385426 This should be simplified at construction time once we get rid of dual
+  // Doing it with the dual-based join is annoying. TypeAry::empty tests whether the
+  // element type is empty. When computing the dual of an array that can be flat or not,
+  // we will get an element type that is empty, and doesn't need more. We even shouldn't
+  // do more otherwise, we can't make the dual involutive. But if we compute the
+  // intersection of a flat and a non-flat array, we could change the element type to an
+  // empty type to reduce the abstract value. And we must be careful not to do that in
+  // the dual world.
+  return _elem->empty() || (_flat && _not_flat);
 }
 
 //--------------------------ary_must_be_exact----------------------------------
@@ -2421,8 +2625,19 @@ bool TypeAry::ary_must_be_exact() const {
     tinst = _elem->make_ptr()->isa_instptr();
   else
     tinst = _elem->isa_instptr();
-  if (tinst)
-    return tinst->instance_klass()->is_final();
+  if (tinst) {
+    if (tinst->instance_klass()->is_final()) {
+      // Even though MyValue is final, [LMyValue is only exact if the array
+      // is (not) null-free due to null-free [LMyValue <: null-able [LMyValue.
+      // TODO 8387653 If we know that the array can't be null-free, it's allowed to be exact, right?
+      // If so, we should add '&& !_not_null_free'
+      if (tinst->is_inlinetypeptr() && (tinst->ptr() != TypePtr::NotNull)) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
   const TypeAryPtr*  tap;
   if (_elem->isa_narrowoop())
     tap = _elem->make_ptr()->isa_aryptr();
@@ -2603,7 +2818,7 @@ const TypePtr::PTR TypePtr::ptr_meet[TypePtr::lastPTR][TypePtr::lastPTR] = {
 };
 
 //------------------------------make-------------------------------------------
-const TypePtr* TypePtr::make(TYPES t, enum PTR ptr, int offset,
+const TypePtr* TypePtr::make(TYPES t, enum PTR ptr, Offset offset,
                              const TypePtr* speculative, int inline_depth,
                              relocInfo::relocType reloc) {
   return (TypePtr*)(new TypePtr(t, ptr, offset, reloc, speculative, inline_depth))->hashcons();
@@ -2619,7 +2834,7 @@ const TypePtr* TypePtr::cast_to_ptr_type(PTR ptr) const {
 //------------------------------get_con----------------------------------------
 intptr_t TypePtr::get_con() const {
   assert( _ptr == Null, "" );
-  return _offset;
+  return offset();
 }
 
 //------------------------------meet-------------------------------------------
@@ -2693,20 +2908,13 @@ const Type *TypePtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
 }
 
 //------------------------------meet_offset------------------------------------
-int TypePtr::meet_offset( int offset ) const {
-  // Either is 'TOP' offset?  Return the other offset!
-  if( _offset == OffsetTop ) return offset;
-  if( offset == OffsetTop ) return _offset;
-  // If either is different, return 'BOTTOM' offset
-  if( _offset != offset ) return OffsetBot;
-  return _offset;
+Type::Offset TypePtr::meet_offset(int offset) const {
+  return _offset.meet(Offset(offset));
 }
 
 //------------------------------dual_offset------------------------------------
-int TypePtr::dual_offset( ) const {
-  if( _offset == OffsetTop ) return OffsetBot;// Map 'TOP' into 'BOTTOM'
-  if( _offset == OffsetBot ) return OffsetTop;// Map 'BOTTOM' into 'TOP'
-  return _offset;               // Map everything else into self
+Type::Offset TypePtr::dual_offset() const {
+  return _offset.dual();
 }
 
 //------------------------------xdual------------------------------------------
@@ -2714,24 +2922,25 @@ int TypePtr::dual_offset( ) const {
 const TypePtr::PTR TypePtr::ptr_dual[TypePtr::lastPTR] = {
   BotPTR, NotNull, Constant, Null, AnyNull, TopPTR
 };
+
+const TypePtr::FlatInArray TypePtr::flat_in_array_dual[Uninitialized] = {
+  /* TopFlat   -> */ MaybeFlat,
+  /* Flat      -> */ NotFlat,
+  /* NotFlat   -> */ Flat,
+  /* MaybeFlat -> */ TopFlat
+};
+
+const char* const TypePtr::flat_in_array_msg[Uninitialized] = {
+  "TOP flat in array", "flat in array", "not flat in array", "maybe flat in array"
+};
+
 const Type *TypePtr::xdual() const {
   return new TypePtr(AnyPtr, dual_ptr(), dual_offset(), relocInfo::none, dual_speculative(), dual_inline_depth());
 }
 
 //------------------------------xadd_offset------------------------------------
-int TypePtr::xadd_offset( intptr_t offset ) const {
-  // Adding to 'TOP' offset?  Return 'TOP'!
-  if( _offset == OffsetTop || offset == OffsetTop ) return OffsetTop;
-  // Adding to 'BOTTOM' offset?  Return 'BOTTOM'!
-  if( _offset == OffsetBot || offset == OffsetBot ) return OffsetBot;
-  // Addition overflows or "accidentally" equals to OffsetTop? Return 'BOTTOM'!
-  offset += (intptr_t)_offset;
-  if (offset != (int)offset || offset == OffsetTop) return OffsetBot;
-
-  // assert( _offset >= 0 && _offset+offset >= 0, "" );
-  // It is possible to construct a negative offset during PhaseCCP
-
-  return (int)offset;        // Sum valid offsets
+Type::Offset TypePtr::xadd_offset(intptr_t offset) const {
+  return _offset.add(offset);
 }
 
 //------------------------------add_offset-------------------------------------
@@ -2740,21 +2949,21 @@ const TypePtr *TypePtr::add_offset( intptr_t offset ) const {
 }
 
 const TypePtr *TypePtr::with_offset(intptr_t offset) const {
-  return make(AnyPtr, _ptr, offset, _speculative, _inline_depth, _reloc);
+  return make(AnyPtr, _ptr, Offset(offset), _speculative, _inline_depth, _reloc);
 }
 
 //------------------------------eq---------------------------------------------
 // Structural equality check for Type representations
 bool TypePtr::eq( const Type *t ) const {
   const TypePtr *a = (const TypePtr*)t;
-  return _ptr == a->ptr() && _offset == a->offset() && _reloc == a->reloc() &&
+  return _ptr == a->ptr() && offset() == a->offset() && _reloc == a->reloc() &&
          eq_speculative(a) && _inline_depth == a->_inline_depth;
 }
 
 //------------------------------hash-------------------------------------------
 // Type-specific hashing function.
 uint TypePtr::hash(void) const {
-  return (uint)_ptr + (uint)_offset + (uint)_reloc + (uint)hash_speculative() + (uint)_inline_depth;
+ return (uint)_ptr + (uint)offset() + (uint)_reloc + (uint)hash_speculative() + (uint)_inline_depth;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -3011,6 +3220,36 @@ bool TypePtr::would_improve_ptr(ProfilePtrKind ptr_kind) const {
   return true;
 }
 
+TypePtr::FlatInArray TypePtr::compute_flat_in_array(ciInstanceKlass* instance_klass, bool is_exact) {
+  if (!instance_klass->can_be_inline_klass(is_exact) || !UseArrayFlattening) {
+    // Definitely not a value class, or flattening is not even enabled, and thus never flat in an array.
+    return NotFlat;
+  }
+  if (instance_klass->is_inlinetype()) {
+    if (instance_klass->as_inline_klass()->maybe_flat_in_array()) {
+      return MaybeFlat;
+    }
+    return NotFlat;
+  }
+  // It's not an inline class, but can still be, so we don't know.
+  return MaybeFlat;
+}
+
+// Compute flat in array property if we don't know anything about it (i.e. old_flat_in_array == MaybeFlat).
+TypePtr::FlatInArray TypePtr::compute_flat_in_array_if_unknown(ciInstanceKlass* instance_klass, bool is_exact,
+  FlatInArray old_flat_in_array) {
+  // It is tempting to add verification code that "NotFlat == no value class" and "Flat == value class".
+  // However, with type speculation, we could get contradicting flat in array properties that propagate through the
+  // graph. We could try to stop the introduction of contradicting speculative types in terms of their flat in array
+  // property. But this is hard because it is sometimes only recognized further down in the graph. Thus, we let an
+  // inconsistent flat in array property propagating through the graph. This could lead to fold an actual live path
+  // away. But in this case, the speculated type is wrong and we would trap earlier.
+  if (old_flat_in_array == MaybeFlat) {
+      return compute_flat_in_array(instance_klass, is_exact);
+  }
+  return old_flat_in_array;
+}
+
 //------------------------------dump2------------------------------------------
 const char *const TypePtr::ptr_msg[TypePtr::lastPTR] = {
   "TopPTR","AnyNull","Constant","null","NotNull","BotPTR"
@@ -3025,13 +3264,7 @@ void TypePtr::dump2( Dict &d, uint depth, outputStream *st ) const {
 }
 
 void TypePtr::dump_offset(outputStream* st) const {
-  if (_offset == OffsetBot) {
-    st->print("+bot");
-  } else if (_offset == OffsetTop) {
-    st->print("+top");
-  } else {
-    st->print("+%d", _offset);
-  }
+  _offset.dump2(st);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -3057,6 +3290,22 @@ void TypePtr::dump_inline_depth(outputStream *st) const {
     }
   }
 }
+
+void TypePtr::dump_flat_in_array(FlatInArray flat_in_array, outputStream* st) {
+  switch (flat_in_array) {
+    case MaybeFlat:
+    case NotFlat:
+      if (!Verbose) {
+        break;
+      }
+    case TopFlat:
+    case Flat:
+      st->print(" (%s)", flat_in_array_msg[flat_in_array]);
+      break;
+    default:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+}
 #endif
 
 //------------------------------singleton--------------------------------------
@@ -3064,11 +3313,11 @@ void TypePtr::dump_inline_depth(outputStream *st) const {
 // constants
 bool TypePtr::singleton(void) const {
   // TopPTR, Null, AnyNull, Constant are all singletons
-  return (_offset != OffsetBot) && !below_centerline(_ptr);
+  return (_offset != Offset::bottom) && !below_centerline(_ptr);
 }
 
 bool TypePtr::empty(void) const {
-  return (_offset == OffsetTop) || above_centerline(_ptr);
+  return (_offset == Offset::top) || above_centerline(_ptr);
 }
 
 //=============================================================================
@@ -3487,7 +3736,7 @@ bool TypeInterfaces::has_non_array_interface() const {
 }
 
 //------------------------------TypeOopPtr-------------------------------------
-TypeOopPtr::TypeOopPtr(TYPES t, PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces, bool xk, ciObject* o, int offset,
+TypeOopPtr::TypeOopPtr(TYPES t, PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces, bool xk, ciObject* o, Offset offset, Offset field_offset,
                        int instance_id, const TypePtr* speculative, int inline_depth)
   : TypePtr(t, ptr, offset, relocInfo::oop_type, speculative, inline_depth),
     _const_oop(o), _klass(k),
@@ -3496,6 +3745,7 @@ TypeOopPtr::TypeOopPtr(TYPES t, PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, const TypeInterfaces* inter
     _is_ptr_to_narrowoop(false),
     _is_ptr_to_narrowklass(false),
     _is_ptr_to_boxed_value(false),
+    _is_ptr_to_strict_final_field(false),
     _instance_id(instance_id) {
 #ifdef ASSERT
   if (klass() != nullptr && klass()->is_loaded()) {
@@ -3503,43 +3753,65 @@ TypeOopPtr::TypeOopPtr(TYPES t, PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, const TypeInterfaces* inter
   }
 #endif
   if (Compile::current()->eliminate_boxing() && (t == InstPtr) &&
-      (offset > 0) && xk && (k != nullptr) && k->is_instance_klass()) {
-    _is_ptr_to_boxed_value = k->as_instance_klass()->is_boxed_value_offset(offset);
+      (offset.get() > 0) && xk && (k != nullptr) && k->is_instance_klass()) {
+    _is_ptr_to_boxed_value = k->as_instance_klass()->is_boxed_value_offset(offset.get());
+    _is_ptr_to_strict_final_field = _is_ptr_to_boxed_value;
+  }
+
+  if (klass() != nullptr && klass()->is_instance_klass() && klass()->is_loaded() &&
+      this->offset() != Type::OffsetBot && this->offset() != Type::OffsetTop) {
+    ciField* field = klass()->as_instance_klass()->get_field_by_offset(this->offset(), false);
+    if (field != nullptr && field->is_strict() && field->is_final()) {
+      _is_ptr_to_strict_final_field = true;
+    }
   }
+
 #ifdef _LP64
-  if (_offset > 0 || _offset == Type::OffsetTop || _offset == Type::OffsetBot) {
-    if (_offset == oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()) {
+  if (this->offset() > 0 || this->offset() == Type::OffsetTop || this->offset() == Type::OffsetBot) {
+    if (this->offset() == oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()) {
       _is_ptr_to_narrowklass = true;
     } else if (klass() == nullptr) {
       // Array with unknown body type
       assert(this->isa_aryptr(), "only arrays without klass");
       _is_ptr_to_narrowoop = UseCompressedOops;
-    } else if (this->isa_aryptr()) {
-      _is_ptr_to_narrowoop = (UseCompressedOops && klass()->is_obj_array_klass() &&
-                             _offset != arrayOopDesc::length_offset_in_bytes());
+    } else if (UseCompressedOops && this->isa_aryptr() && this->offset() != arrayOopDesc::length_offset_in_bytes()) {
+      if (klass()->is_flat_array_klass() && field_offset != Offset::top && field_offset != Offset::bottom) {
+        // Check if the field of the inline type array element contains oops
+        ciInlineKlass* vk = klass()->as_flat_array_klass()->element_klass()->as_inline_klass();
+        int foffset = field_offset.get() + vk->payload_offset();
+        BasicType field_bt;
+        ciField* field = vk->get_field_by_offset(foffset, false);
+        if (field != nullptr) {
+          field_bt = field->layout_type();
+        } else {
+          assert(field_offset.get() == vk->null_marker_offset_in_payload(), "no field or null marker of %s at offset %d", vk->name()->as_utf8(), foffset);
+          field_bt = T_BOOLEAN;
+        }
+        _is_ptr_to_narrowoop = ::is_reference_type(field_bt);
+      } else if (klass()->is_obj_array_klass()) {
+        _is_ptr_to_narrowoop = true;
+      }
     } else if (klass()->is_instance_klass()) {
-      ciInstanceKlass* ik = klass()->as_instance_klass();
       if (this->isa_klassptr()) {
         // Perm objects don't use compressed references
-      } else if (_offset == OffsetBot || _offset == OffsetTop) {
+      } else if (_offset == Offset::bottom || _offset == Offset::top) {
         // unsafe access
         _is_ptr_to_narrowoop = UseCompressedOops;
       } else {
         assert(this->isa_instptr(), "must be an instance ptr.");
-
         if (klass() == ciEnv::current()->Class_klass() &&
-            (_offset == java_lang_Class::klass_offset() ||
-             _offset == java_lang_Class::array_klass_offset())) {
+            (this->offset() == java_lang_Class::klass_offset() ||
+             this->offset() == java_lang_Class::array_klass_offset())) {
           // Special hidden fields from the Class.
           assert(this->isa_instptr(), "must be an instance ptr.");
           _is_ptr_to_narrowoop = false;
         } else if (klass() == ciEnv::current()->Class_klass() &&
-                   _offset >= InstanceMirrorKlass::offset_of_static_fields()) {
+                   this->offset() >= InstanceMirrorKlass::offset_of_static_fields()) {
           // Static fields
           BasicType basic_elem_type = T_ILLEGAL;
           if (const_oop() != nullptr) {
             ciInstanceKlass* k = const_oop()->as_instance()->java_lang_Class_klass()->as_instance_klass();
-            basic_elem_type = k->get_field_type_by_offset(_offset, true);
+            basic_elem_type = k->get_field_type_by_offset(this->offset(), true);
           }
           if (basic_elem_type != T_ILLEGAL) {
             _is_ptr_to_narrowoop = UseCompressedOops && ::is_reference_type(basic_elem_type);
@@ -3549,7 +3821,8 @@ TypeOopPtr::TypeOopPtr(TYPES t, PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, const TypeInterfaces* inter
           }
         } else {
           // Instance fields which contains a compressed oop references.
-          BasicType basic_elem_type = ik->get_field_type_by_offset(_offset, false);
+          ciInstanceKlass* ik = klass()->as_instance_klass();
+          BasicType basic_elem_type = ik->get_field_type_by_offset(this->offset(), false);
           if (basic_elem_type != T_ILLEGAL) {
             _is_ptr_to_narrowoop = UseCompressedOops && ::is_reference_type(basic_elem_type);
           } else if (klass()->equals(ciEnv::current()->Object_klass())) {
@@ -3564,18 +3837,18 @@ TypeOopPtr::TypeOopPtr(TYPES t, PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, const TypeInterfaces* inter
       }
     }
   }
-#endif
+#endif // _LP64
 }
 
 //------------------------------make-------------------------------------------
-const TypeOopPtr *TypeOopPtr::make(PTR ptr, int offset, int instance_id,
-                                     const TypePtr* speculative, int inline_depth) {
+const TypeOopPtr *TypeOopPtr::make(PTR ptr, Offset offset, int instance_id,
+                                   const TypePtr* speculative, int inline_depth) {
   assert(ptr != Constant, "no constant generic pointers");
   ciKlass*  k = Compile::current()->env()->Object_klass();
   bool      xk = false;
   ciObject* o = nullptr;
   const TypeInterfaces* interfaces = TypeInterfaces::make();
-  return (TypeOopPtr*)(new TypeOopPtr(OopPtr, ptr, k, interfaces, xk, o, offset, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth))->hashcons();
+  return (TypeOopPtr*)(new TypeOopPtr(OopPtr, ptr, k, interfaces, xk, o, offset, Offset::bottom, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth))->hashcons();
 }
 
 
@@ -3600,7 +3873,6 @@ const TypeOopPtr* TypeOopPtr::cast_to_exactness(bool klass_is_exact) const {
   return this;
 }
 
-
 //------------------------------as_klass_type----------------------------------
 // Return the klass type corresponding to this instance or array type.
 // It is the type that is loaded from an object of this type.
@@ -3649,7 +3921,7 @@ const Type *TypeOopPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
   case AnyPtr: {
     // Found an AnyPtr type vs self-OopPtr type
     const TypePtr *tp = t->is_ptr();
-    int offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
+    Offset offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
     PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tp->ptr());
     const TypePtr* speculative = xmeet_speculative(tp);
     int depth = meet_inline_depth(tp->inline_depth());
@@ -3691,21 +3963,21 @@ const Type *TypeOopPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
 const Type *TypeOopPtr::xdual() const {
   assert(klass() == Compile::current()->env()->Object_klass(), "no klasses here");
   assert(const_oop() == nullptr,             "no constants here");
-  return new TypeOopPtr(_base, dual_ptr(), klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(), const_oop(), dual_offset(), dual_instance_id(), dual_speculative(), dual_inline_depth());
+  return new TypeOopPtr(_base, dual_ptr(), klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(), const_oop(), dual_offset(), Offset::bottom, dual_instance_id(), dual_speculative(), dual_inline_depth());
 }
 
 //--------------------------make_from_klass_common-----------------------------
 // Computes the element-type given a klass.
-const TypeOopPtr* TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass_common(ciKlass* klass, bool klass_change, bool try_for_exact, InterfaceHandling interface_handling) {
-  if (klass->is_instance_klass()) {
+const TypeOopPtr* TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass_common(ciKlass *klass, bool klass_change, bool try_for_exact, InterfaceHandling interface_handling) {
+  if (klass->is_instance_klass() || klass->is_inlinetype()) {
     Compile* C = Compile::current();
     Dependencies* deps = C->dependencies();
     assert((deps != nullptr) == (C->method() != nullptr && C->method()->code_size() > 0), "sanity");
     // Element is an instance
     bool klass_is_exact = false;
+    ciInstanceKlass* ik = klass->as_instance_klass();
     if (klass->is_loaded()) {
       // Try to set klass_is_exact.
-      ciInstanceKlass* ik = klass->as_instance_klass();
       klass_is_exact = ik->is_final();
       if (!klass_is_exact && klass_change
           && deps != nullptr && UseUniqueSubclasses) {
@@ -3723,26 +3995,58 @@ const TypeOopPtr* TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass_common(ciKlass* klass, bool klass_
         klass_is_exact = true;
       }
     }
+    FlatInArray flat_in_array = compute_flat_in_array(ik, klass_is_exact);
     const TypeInterfaces* interfaces = TypePtr::interfaces(klass, true, true, false, interface_handling);
-    return TypeInstPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, klass, interfaces, klass_is_exact, nullptr, 0);
+    return TypeInstPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, klass, interfaces, klass_is_exact, nullptr, Offset(0), flat_in_array);
   } else if (klass->is_obj_array_klass()) {
-    // Element is an object array. Recursively call ourself.
-    ciKlass* eklass = klass->as_obj_array_klass()->element_klass();
-    const TypeOopPtr *etype = TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass_common(eklass, false, try_for_exact, interface_handling);
-    bool xk = etype->klass_is_exact();
-    const TypeAry* arr0 = TypeAry::make(etype, TypeInt::POS);
+    // Element is an object or inline type array. Recursively call ourself.
+    ciObjArrayKlass* array_klass = klass->as_obj_array_klass();
+    const TypeOopPtr* etype = TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass_common(array_klass->element_klass(), /* klass_change= */ false, try_for_exact, interface_handling);
+    bool xk = array_klass->is_loaded() && array_klass->is_refined();
+
+    // Determine null-free/flat properties
+    bool flat;
+    bool not_flat;
+    bool not_null_free;
+    bool atomic;
+    if (xk) {
+      flat = array_klass->is_flat_array_klass();
+      not_flat = !flat;
+      bool is_null_free = array_klass->is_elem_null_free();
+      not_null_free = !is_null_free;
+      atomic = array_klass->is_elem_atomic();
+
+      if (is_null_free) {
+        etype = etype->join_speculative(NOTNULL)->is_oopptr();
+      }
+    } else {
+      const TypeOopPtr* exact_etype = etype;
+      if (etype->can_be_inline_type()) {
+        // Use exact type if element can be an inline type
+        exact_etype = TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass_common(klass->as_array_klass()->element_klass(), /* klass_change= */ true, /* try_for_exact= */ true, interface_handling);
+      }
+
+      flat = false;
+      bool not_inline = !exact_etype->can_be_inline_type();
+      not_null_free = not_inline;
+      not_flat = !UseArrayFlattening || not_inline || (exact_etype->is_inlinetypeptr() && !exact_etype->inline_klass()->maybe_flat_in_array());
+      atomic = not_flat;
+    }
+
+    const TypeAry* arr0 = TypeAry::make(etype, TypeInt::POS, /* stable= */ false, flat, not_flat, not_null_free, atomic);
     // We used to pass NotNull in here, asserting that the sub-arrays
     // are all not-null.  This is not true in generally, as code can
-    // slam nulls down in the subarrays.
-    const TypeAryPtr* arr = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, arr0, nullptr, xk, 0);
+    // slam nullptrs down in the subarrays.
+    const TypeAryPtr* arr = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, arr0, nullptr, xk, Offset(0));
     return arr;
   } else if (klass->is_type_array_klass()) {
     // Element is an typeArray
     const Type* etype = get_const_basic_type(klass->as_type_array_klass()->element_type());
-    const TypeAry* arr0 = TypeAry::make(etype, TypeInt::POS);
+    const TypeAry* arr0 = TypeAry::make(etype, TypeInt::POS,
+                                        /* stable= */ false, /* flat= */ false, /* not_flat= */ true, /* not_null_free= */ true, true);
     // We used to pass NotNull in here, asserting that the array pointer
     // is not-null. That was not true in general.
-    const TypeAryPtr* arr = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, arr0, klass, true, 0);
+    const TypeAryPtr* arr = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, arr0, klass, true, Offset(0));
     return arr;
   } else {
     ShouldNotReachHere();
@@ -3758,37 +4062,43 @@ const TypeOopPtr* TypeOopPtr::make_from_constant(ciObject* o, bool require_const
   const bool make_constant = require_constant || o->should_be_constant();
 
   ciKlass* klass = o->klass();
-  if (klass->is_instance_klass()) {
-    // Element is an instance
+  if (klass->is_instance_klass() || klass->is_inlinetype()) {
+    // Element is an instance or inline type
     if (make_constant) {
       return TypeInstPtr::make(o);
     } else {
-      return TypeInstPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull, klass, true, nullptr, 0);
+      return TypeInstPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull, klass, true, nullptr, Offset(0));
     }
   } else if (klass->is_obj_array_klass()) {
     // Element is an object array. Recursively call ourself.
-    const TypeOopPtr *etype =
-      TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass_raw(klass->as_obj_array_klass()->element_klass(), trust_interfaces);
-    const TypeAry* arr0 = TypeAry::make(etype, TypeInt::make(o->as_array()->length()));
+    const TypeOopPtr* etype = TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass_raw(klass->as_array_klass()->element_klass(), trust_interfaces);
+    bool is_flat = o->as_array()->is_flat();
+    bool is_null_free = o->as_array()->is_null_free();
+    if (is_null_free) {
+      etype = etype->join_speculative(TypePtr::NOTNULL)->is_oopptr();
+    }
+    bool is_atomic = o->as_array()->is_atomic();
+    const TypeAry* arr0 = TypeAry::make(etype, TypeInt::make(o->as_array()->length()), /* stable= */ false, /* flat= */ is_flat,
+                                        /* not_flat= */ !is_flat, /* not_null_free= */ !is_null_free, /* atomic= */ is_atomic);
     // We used to pass NotNull in here, asserting that the sub-arrays
     // are all not-null.  This is not true in generally, as code can
     // slam nulls down in the subarrays.
     if (make_constant) {
-      return TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::Constant, o, arr0, klass, true, 0);
+      return TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::Constant, o, arr0, klass, true, Offset(0));
     } else {
-      return TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull, arr0, klass, true, 0);
+      return TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull, arr0, klass, true, Offset(0));
     }
   } else if (klass->is_type_array_klass()) {
     // Element is an typeArray
-    const Type* etype =
-      (Type*)get_const_basic_type(klass->as_type_array_klass()->element_type());
-    const TypeAry* arr0 = TypeAry::make(etype, TypeInt::make(o->as_array()->length()));
+    const Type* etype = (Type*)get_const_basic_type(klass->as_type_array_klass()->element_type());
+    const TypeAry* arr0 = TypeAry::make(etype, TypeInt::make(o->as_array()->length()), /* stable= */ false, /* flat= */ false,
+                                        /* not_flat= */ true, /* not_null_free= */ true, true);
     // We used to pass NotNull in here, asserting that the array pointer
     // is not-null. That was not true in general.
     if (make_constant) {
-      return TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::Constant, o, arr0, klass, true, 0);
+      return TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::Constant, o, arr0, klass, true, Offset(0));
     } else {
-      return TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull, arr0, klass, true, 0);
+      return TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull, arr0, klass, true, Offset(0));
     }
   }
 
@@ -3799,9 +4109,9 @@ const TypeOopPtr* TypeOopPtr::make_from_constant(ciObject* o, bool require_const
 //------------------------------get_con----------------------------------------
 intptr_t TypeOopPtr::get_con() const {
   assert( _ptr == Null || _ptr == Constant, "" );
-  assert( _offset >= 0, "" );
+  assert(offset() >= 0, "");
 
-  if (_offset != 0) {
+  if (offset() != 0) {
     // After being ported to the compiler interface, the compiler no longer
     // directly manipulates the addresses of oops.  Rather, it only has a pointer
     // to a handle at compile time.  This handle is embedded in the generated
@@ -3887,7 +4197,7 @@ void TypeOopPtr::dump_instance_id(outputStream* st) const {
 bool TypeOopPtr::singleton(void) const {
   // detune optimizer to not generate constant oop + constant offset as a constant!
   // TopPTR, Null, AnyNull, Constant are all singletons
-  return (_offset == 0) && !below_centerline(_ptr);
+  return (offset() == 0) && !below_centerline(_ptr);
 }
 
 //------------------------------add_offset-------------------------------------
@@ -3896,7 +4206,7 @@ const TypePtr* TypeOopPtr::add_offset(intptr_t offset) const {
 }
 
 const TypeOopPtr* TypeOopPtr::with_offset(intptr_t offset) const {
-  return make(_ptr, offset, _instance_id, with_offset_speculative(offset), _inline_depth);
+  return make(_ptr, Offset(offset), _instance_id, with_offset_speculative(offset), _inline_depth);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -4009,9 +4319,12 @@ ciKlass* TypeInstPtr::exact_klass_helper() const {
 }
 
 //------------------------------TypeInstPtr-------------------------------------
-TypeInstPtr::TypeInstPtr(PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces, bool xk, ciObject* o, int off,
-                         int instance_id, const TypePtr* speculative, int inline_depth)
-  : TypeOopPtr(InstPtr, ptr, k, interfaces, xk, o, off, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth) {
+TypeInstPtr::TypeInstPtr(PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces, bool xk, ciObject* o, Offset off,
+                         FlatInArray flat_in_array, int instance_id, const TypePtr* speculative, int inline_depth)
+  : TypeOopPtr(InstPtr, ptr, k, interfaces, xk, o, off, Offset::bottom, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth),
+    _flat_in_array(flat_in_array) {
+
+  assert(flat_in_array != Uninitialized, "must be set now");
   assert(k == nullptr || !k->is_loaded() || !k->is_interface(), "no interface here");
   assert(k != nullptr &&
          (k->is_loaded() || o == nullptr),
@@ -4024,7 +4337,8 @@ const TypeInstPtr *TypeInstPtr::make(PTR ptr,
                                      const TypeInterfaces* interfaces,
                                      bool xk,
                                      ciObject* o,
-                                     int offset,
+                                     Offset offset,
+                                     FlatInArray flat_in_array,
                                      int instance_id,
                                      const TypePtr* speculative,
                                      int inline_depth) {
@@ -4036,19 +4350,22 @@ const TypeInstPtr *TypeInstPtr::make(PTR ptr,
   assert( ptr != Null, "null pointers are not typed" );
 
   assert(instance_id <= 0 || xk, "instances are always exactly typed");
+  ciInstanceKlass* ik = k->as_instance_klass();
   if (ptr == Constant) {
     // Note:  This case includes meta-object constants, such as methods.
     xk = true;
   } else if (k->is_loaded()) {
-    ciInstanceKlass* ik = k->as_instance_klass();
     if (!xk && ik->is_final())     xk = true;   // no inexact final klass
     assert(!ik->is_interface(), "no interface here");
     if (xk && ik->is_interface())  xk = false;  // no exact interface
   }
 
+  if (flat_in_array == Uninitialized) {
+    flat_in_array = compute_flat_in_array(ik, xk);
+  }
   // Now hash this baby
   TypeInstPtr *result =
-    (TypeInstPtr*)(new TypeInstPtr(ptr, k, interfaces, xk, o ,offset, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth))->hashcons();
+    (TypeInstPtr*)(new TypeInstPtr(ptr, k, interfaces, xk, o, offset, flat_in_array, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth))->hashcons();
 
   return result;
 }
@@ -4091,7 +4408,7 @@ const TypeInstPtr* TypeInstPtr::cast_to_ptr_type(PTR ptr) const {
   if( ptr == _ptr ) return this;
   // Reconstruct _sig info here since not a problem with later lazy
   // construction, _sig will show up on demand.
-  return make(ptr, klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(), ptr == Constant ? const_oop() : nullptr, _offset, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth);
+  return make(ptr, klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(), ptr == Constant ? const_oop() : nullptr, _offset, _flat_in_array, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth);
 }
 
 
@@ -4102,20 +4419,21 @@ const TypeInstPtr* TypeInstPtr::cast_to_exactness(bool klass_is_exact) const {
   ciInstanceKlass* ik = _klass->as_instance_klass();
   if( (ik->is_final() || _const_oop) )  return this;  // cannot clear xk
   assert(!ik->is_interface(), "no interface here");
-  return make(ptr(), klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact, const_oop(), _offset, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth);
+  FlatInArray flat_in_array = compute_flat_in_array(ik, klass_is_exact);
+  return make(ptr(), klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact, const_oop(), _offset, flat_in_array, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth);
 }
 
 //-----------------------------cast_to_instance_id----------------------------
 const TypeInstPtr* TypeInstPtr::cast_to_instance_id(int instance_id) const {
   if( instance_id == _instance_id ) return this;
-  return make(_ptr, klass(),  _interfaces, _klass_is_exact, const_oop(), _offset, instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth);
+  return make(_ptr, klass(), _interfaces, _klass_is_exact, const_oop(), _offset, _flat_in_array, instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth);
 }
 
 //------------------------------xmeet_unloaded---------------------------------
 // Compute the MEET of two InstPtrs when at least one is unloaded.
 // Assume classes are different since called after check for same name/class-loader
 const TypeInstPtr *TypeInstPtr::xmeet_unloaded(const TypeInstPtr *tinst, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces) const {
-  int off = meet_offset(tinst->offset());
+  Offset off = meet_offset(tinst->offset());
   PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tinst->ptr());
   int instance_id = meet_instance_id(tinst->instance_id());
   const TypePtr* speculative = xmeet_speculative(tinst);
@@ -4140,7 +4458,11 @@ const TypeInstPtr *TypeInstPtr::xmeet_unloaded(const TypeInstPtr *tinst, const T
     assert(loaded->ptr() != TypePtr::Null, "insanity check");
     //
     if (loaded->ptr() == TypePtr::TopPTR)        { return unloaded->with_speculative(speculative); }
-    else if (loaded->ptr() == TypePtr::AnyNull)  { return make(ptr, unloaded->klass(), interfaces, false, nullptr, off, instance_id, speculative, depth); }
+    else if (loaded->ptr() == TypePtr::AnyNull)  {
+      FlatInArray flat_in_array = meet_flat_in_array(_flat_in_array, tinst->flat_in_array());
+      return make(ptr, unloaded->klass(), interfaces, false, nullptr, off, flat_in_array, instance_id,
+                  speculative, depth);
+    }
     else if (loaded->ptr() == TypePtr::BotPTR)   { return TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM->with_speculative(speculative); }
     else if (loaded->ptr() == TypePtr::Constant || loaded->ptr() == TypePtr::NotNull) {
       if (unloaded->ptr() == TypePtr::BotPTR)    { return TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM->with_speculative(speculative);  }
@@ -4204,7 +4526,7 @@ const Type *TypeInstPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
   case OopPtr: {                // Meeting to OopPtrs
     // Found a OopPtr type vs self-InstPtr type
     const TypeOopPtr *tp = t->is_oopptr();
-    int offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
+    Offset offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
     PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tp->ptr());
     switch (tp->ptr()) {
     case TopPTR:
@@ -4213,7 +4535,7 @@ const Type *TypeInstPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
       const TypePtr* speculative = xmeet_speculative(tp);
       int depth = meet_inline_depth(tp->inline_depth());
       return make(ptr, klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(),
-                  (ptr == Constant ? const_oop() : nullptr), offset, instance_id, speculative, depth);
+                  (ptr == Constant ? const_oop() : nullptr), offset, flat_in_array(), instance_id, speculative, depth);
     }
     case NotNull:
     case BotPTR: {
@@ -4229,7 +4551,7 @@ const Type *TypeInstPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
   case AnyPtr: {                // Meeting to AnyPtrs
     // Found an AnyPtr type vs self-InstPtr type
     const TypePtr *tp = t->is_ptr();
-    int offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
+    Offset offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
     PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tp->ptr());
     int instance_id = meet_instance_id(InstanceTop);
     const TypePtr* speculative = xmeet_speculative(tp);
@@ -4241,7 +4563,7 @@ const Type *TypeInstPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
     case TopPTR:
     case AnyNull: {
       return make(ptr, klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(),
-                  (ptr == Constant ? const_oop() : nullptr), offset, instance_id, speculative, depth);
+                  (ptr == Constant ? const_oop() : nullptr), offset, flat_in_array(), instance_id, speculative, depth);
     }
     case NotNull:
     case BotPTR:
@@ -4269,7 +4591,7 @@ const Type *TypeInstPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
   case InstPtr: {                // Meeting 2 Oops?
     // Found an InstPtr sub-type vs self-InstPtr type
     const TypeInstPtr *tinst = t->is_instptr();
-    int off = meet_offset(tinst->offset());
+    Offset off = meet_offset(tinst->offset());
     PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tinst->ptr());
     int instance_id = meet_instance_id(tinst->instance_id());
     const TypePtr* speculative = xmeet_speculative(tinst);
@@ -4302,6 +4624,7 @@ const Type *TypeInstPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
 #endif
       res = unloaded_meet;
     } else {
+      FlatInArray flat_in_array = meet_flat_in_array(_flat_in_array, tinst->flat_in_array());
       if (kind == NOT_SUBTYPE && instance_id > 0) {
         instance_id = InstanceBot;
       } else if (kind == LCA) {
@@ -4323,7 +4646,7 @@ const Type *TypeInstPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
         } else
           ptr = NotNull;
       }
-      res = make(ptr, res_klass, interfaces, res_xk, o, off, instance_id, speculative, depth);
+      res = make(ptr, res_klass, interfaces, res_xk, o, off, flat_in_array, instance_id, speculative, depth);
     }
 
     return res;
@@ -4338,6 +4661,7 @@ template<class T> TypePtr::MeetResult TypePtr::meet_instptr(PTR& ptr, const Type
                                                             ciKlass*& res_klass, bool& res_xk) {
   ciKlass* this_klass = this_type->klass();
   ciKlass* other_klass = other_type->klass();
+
   bool this_xk = this_type->klass_is_exact();
   bool other_xk = other_type->klass_is_exact();
   PTR this_ptr = this_type->ptr();
@@ -4383,31 +4707,34 @@ template<class T> TypePtr::MeetResult TypePtr::meet_instptr(PTR& ptr, const Type
   // If both types are equal to the subtype, exactness is and-ed below the
   // centerline and or-ed above it.  (N.B. Constants are always exact.)
 
-  // Check for subtyping:
   const T* subtype = nullptr;
   bool subtype_exact = false;
   if (this_type->is_same_java_type_as(other_type)) {
+    // Same klass
     subtype = this_type;
     subtype_exact = below_centerline(ptr) ? (this_xk && other_xk) : (this_xk || other_xk);
   } else if (!other_xk && this_type->is_meet_subtype_of(other_type)) {
     subtype = this_type;     // Pick subtyping class
     subtype_exact = this_xk;
-  } else if(!this_xk && other_type->is_meet_subtype_of(this_type)) {
+  } else if (!this_xk && other_type->is_meet_subtype_of(this_type)) {
     subtype = other_type;    // Pick subtyping class
     subtype_exact = other_xk;
   }
 
-  if (subtype) {
-    if (above_centerline(ptr)) { // both are up?
+  if (subtype != nullptr) {
+    if (above_centerline(ptr)) {
+      // Both types are empty.
       this_type = other_type = subtype;
       this_xk = other_xk = subtype_exact;
     } else if (above_centerline(this_ptr) && !above_centerline(other_ptr)) {
-      this_type = other_type; // tinst is down; keep down man
+      // this_type is empty while other_type is not. Take other_type.
+      this_type = other_type;
       this_xk = other_xk;
     } else if (above_centerline(other_ptr) && !above_centerline(this_ptr)) {
+      // other_type is empty while this_type is not. Take this_type.
       other_type = this_type; // this is down; keep down man
-      other_xk = this_xk;
     } else {
+      // this_type and other_type are both non-empty.
       this_xk = subtype_exact;  // either they are equal, or we'll do an LCA
     }
   }
@@ -4435,10 +4762,43 @@ template<class T> TypePtr::MeetResult TypePtr::meet_instptr(PTR& ptr, const Type
 
   res_klass = k;
   res_xk = false;
-
   return LCA;
 }
 
+//                Top-Flat    Flat        Not-Flat    Maybe-Flat
+// -------------------------------------------------------------
+//    Top-Flat    Top-Flat    Flat        Not-Flat    Maybe-Flat
+//        Flat    Flat        Flat        Maybe-Flat  Maybe-Flat
+//    Not-Flat    Not-Flat    Maybe-Flat  Not-Flat    Maybe-Flat
+//  Maybe-Flat    Maybe-Flat  Maybe-Flat  Maybe-Flat  Maybe-flat
+TypePtr::FlatInArray TypePtr::meet_flat_in_array(const FlatInArray left, const FlatInArray right) {
+  if (left == TopFlat) {
+    return right;
+  }
+  if (right == TopFlat) {
+    return left;
+  }
+  if (left == MaybeFlat || right == MaybeFlat) {
+    return MaybeFlat;
+  }
+
+  switch (left) {
+    case Flat:
+      if (right == Flat) {
+        return Flat;
+      }
+      return MaybeFlat;
+    case NotFlat:
+      if (right == NotFlat) {
+        return NotFlat;
+      }
+      return MaybeFlat;
+    default:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+      return Uninitialized;
+  }
+}
+
 //------------------------java_mirror_type--------------------------------------
 ciType* TypeInstPtr::java_mirror_type() const {
   // must be a singleton type
@@ -4446,7 +4806,6 @@ ciType* TypeInstPtr::java_mirror_type() const {
 
   // must be of type java.lang.Class
   if( klass() != ciEnv::current()->Class_klass() )  return nullptr;
-
   return const_oop()->as_instance()->java_mirror_type();
 }
 
@@ -4454,8 +4813,9 @@ ciType* TypeInstPtr::java_mirror_type() const {
 //------------------------------xdual------------------------------------------
 // Dual: do NOT dual on klasses.  This means I do NOT understand the Java
 // inheritance mechanism.
-const Type *TypeInstPtr::xdual() const {
-  return new TypeInstPtr(dual_ptr(), klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(), const_oop(), dual_offset(), dual_instance_id(), dual_speculative(), dual_inline_depth());
+const Type* TypeInstPtr::xdual() const {
+  return new TypeInstPtr(dual_ptr(), klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(), const_oop(), dual_offset(),
+                         dual_flat_in_array(), dual_instance_id(), dual_speculative(), dual_inline_depth());
 }
 
 //------------------------------eq---------------------------------------------
@@ -4464,14 +4824,15 @@ bool TypeInstPtr::eq( const Type *t ) const {
   const TypeInstPtr *p = t->is_instptr();
   return
     klass()->equals(p->klass()) &&
+    _flat_in_array == p->_flat_in_array &&
     _interfaces->eq(p->_interfaces) &&
     TypeOopPtr::eq(p);          // Check sub-type stuff
 }
 
 //------------------------------hash-------------------------------------------
 // Type-specific hashing function.
-uint TypeInstPtr::hash(void) const {
-  return klass()->hash() + TypeOopPtr::hash() + _interfaces->hash();
+uint TypeInstPtr::hash() const {
+  return klass()->hash() + TypeOopPtr::hash() + _interfaces->hash() + static_cast<uint>(_flat_in_array);
 }
 
 bool TypeInstPtr::is_java_subtype_of_helper(const TypeOopPtr* other, bool this_exact, bool other_exact) const {
@@ -4515,21 +4876,31 @@ void TypeInstPtr::dump2(Dict &d, uint depth, outputStream* st) const {
     st->print(":exact");
   }
 
+  st->print(" *");
+
   dump_offset(st);
   dump_instance_id(st);
   dump_inline_depth(st);
   dump_speculative(st);
+  dump_flat_in_array(_flat_in_array, st);
 }
 #endif
 
+bool TypeInstPtr::empty() const {
+  if (_flat_in_array == TopFlat) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  return TypeOopPtr::empty();
+}
+
 //------------------------------add_offset-------------------------------------
 const TypePtr* TypeInstPtr::add_offset(intptr_t offset) const {
-  return make(_ptr, klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(), const_oop(), xadd_offset(offset),
+  return make(_ptr, klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(), const_oop(), xadd_offset(offset), _flat_in_array,
               _instance_id, add_offset_speculative(offset), _inline_depth);
 }
 
 const TypeInstPtr* TypeInstPtr::with_offset(intptr_t offset) const {
-  return make(_ptr, klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(), const_oop(), offset,
+  return make(_ptr, klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(), const_oop(), Offset(offset), _flat_in_array,
               _instance_id, with_offset_speculative(offset), _inline_depth);
 }
 
@@ -4538,24 +4909,32 @@ const TypeInstPtr* TypeInstPtr::remove_speculative() const {
     return this;
   }
   assert(_inline_depth == InlineDepthTop || _inline_depth == InlineDepthBottom, "non speculative type shouldn't have inline depth");
-  return make(_ptr, klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(), const_oop(), _offset,
+  return make(_ptr, klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(), const_oop(), _offset, _flat_in_array,
               _instance_id, nullptr, _inline_depth);
 }
 
 const TypeInstPtr* TypeInstPtr::with_speculative(const TypePtr* speculative) const {
-  return make(_ptr, klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(), const_oop(), _offset, _instance_id, speculative, _inline_depth);
+  return make(_ptr, klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(), const_oop(), _offset, _flat_in_array, _instance_id, speculative, _inline_depth);
 }
 
 const TypePtr* TypeInstPtr::with_inline_depth(int depth) const {
   if (!UseInlineDepthForSpeculativeTypes) {
     return this;
   }
-  return make(_ptr, klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(), const_oop(), _offset, _instance_id, _speculative, depth);
+  return make(_ptr, klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(), const_oop(), _offset, _flat_in_array, _instance_id, _speculative, depth);
 }
 
 const TypePtr* TypeInstPtr::with_instance_id(int instance_id) const {
   assert(is_known_instance(), "should be known");
-  return make(_ptr, klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(), const_oop(), _offset, instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth);
+  return make(_ptr, klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(), const_oop(), _offset, _flat_in_array, instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth);
+}
+
+const TypeInstPtr *TypeInstPtr::cast_to_flat_in_array() const {
+  return make(_ptr, klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(), const_oop(), _offset, Flat, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth);
+}
+
+const TypeInstPtr *TypeInstPtr::cast_to_maybe_flat_in_array() const {
+  return make(_ptr, klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(), const_oop(), _offset, MaybeFlat, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth);
 }
 
 const TypeKlassPtr* TypeInstPtr::as_klass_type(bool try_for_exact) const {
@@ -4569,7 +4948,8 @@ const TypeKlassPtr* TypeInstPtr::as_klass_type(bool try_for_exact) const {
       xk = true;
     }
   }
-  return TypeInstKlassPtr::make(xk ? TypePtr::Constant : TypePtr::NotNull, klass(), _interfaces, 0);
+  FlatInArray flat_in_array = compute_flat_in_array_if_unknown(ik, xk, _flat_in_array);
+  return TypeInstKlassPtr::make(xk ? TypePtr::Constant : TypePtr::NotNull, klass(), _interfaces, Offset(0), flat_in_array);
 }
 
 template <class T1, class T2> bool TypePtr::is_meet_subtype_of_helper_for_instance(const T1* this_one, const T2* other, bool this_xk, bool other_xk) {
@@ -4614,7 +4994,6 @@ template <class T1, class T2>  bool TypePtr::is_meet_subtype_of_helper_for_array
   if (other_elem != nullptr && this_elem != nullptr) {
     return this_one->is_reference_type(this_elem)->is_meet_subtype_of_helper(this_one->is_reference_type(other_elem), this_xk, other_xk);
   }
-
   if (other_elem == nullptr && this_elem == nullptr) {
     return this_one->klass()->is_subtype_of(other->klass());
   }
@@ -4637,19 +5016,20 @@ bool TypeAryKlassPtr::is_meet_subtype_of_helper(const TypeKlassPtr *other, bool
 //=============================================================================
 // Convenience common pre-built types.
 const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::BOTTOM;
-const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::RANGE;
-const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::OOPS;
-const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::NARROWOOPS;
-const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::BYTES;
-const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::SHORTS;
-const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::CHARS;
-const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::INTS;
-const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::LONGS;
-const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::FLOATS;
-const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::DOUBLES;
+const TypeAryPtr *TypeAryPtr::RANGE;
+const TypeAryPtr *TypeAryPtr::OOPS;
+const TypeAryPtr *TypeAryPtr::NARROWOOPS;
+const TypeAryPtr *TypeAryPtr::BYTES;
+const TypeAryPtr *TypeAryPtr::SHORTS;
+const TypeAryPtr *TypeAryPtr::CHARS;
+const TypeAryPtr *TypeAryPtr::INTS;
+const TypeAryPtr *TypeAryPtr::LONGS;
+const TypeAryPtr *TypeAryPtr::FLOATS;
+const TypeAryPtr *TypeAryPtr::DOUBLES;
+const TypeAryPtr *TypeAryPtr::INLINES;
 
 //------------------------------make-------------------------------------------
-const TypeAryPtr *TypeAryPtr::make(PTR ptr, const TypeAry *ary, ciKlass* k, bool xk, int offset,
+const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::make(PTR ptr, const TypeAry *ary, ciKlass* k, bool xk, Offset offset, Offset field_offset,
                                    int instance_id, const TypePtr* speculative, int inline_depth) {
   assert(!(k == nullptr && ary->_elem->isa_int()),
          "integral arrays must be pre-equipped with a class");
@@ -4659,11 +5039,11 @@ const TypeAryPtr *TypeAryPtr::make(PTR ptr, const TypeAry *ary, ciKlass* k, bool
       k->as_obj_array_klass()->base_element_klass()->is_interface()) {
     k = nullptr;
   }
-  return (TypeAryPtr*)(new TypeAryPtr(ptr, nullptr, ary, k, xk, offset, instance_id, false, speculative, inline_depth))->hashcons();
+  return (TypeAryPtr*)(new TypeAryPtr(ptr, nullptr, ary, k, xk, offset, field_offset, instance_id, false, speculative, inline_depth))->hashcons();
 }
 
 //------------------------------make-------------------------------------------
-const TypeAryPtr *TypeAryPtr::make(PTR ptr, ciObject* o, const TypeAry *ary, ciKlass* k, bool xk, int offset,
+const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::make(PTR ptr, ciObject* o, const TypeAry *ary, ciKlass* k, bool xk, Offset offset, Offset field_offset,
                                    int instance_id, const TypePtr* speculative, int inline_depth,
                                    bool is_autobox_cache) {
   assert(!(k == nullptr && ary->_elem->isa_int()),
@@ -4675,13 +5055,13 @@ const TypeAryPtr *TypeAryPtr::make(PTR ptr, ciObject* o, const TypeAry *ary, ciK
       k->as_obj_array_klass()->base_element_klass()->is_interface()) {
     k = nullptr;
   }
-  return (TypeAryPtr*)(new TypeAryPtr(ptr, o, ary, k, xk, offset, instance_id, is_autobox_cache, speculative, inline_depth))->hashcons();
+  return (TypeAryPtr*)(new TypeAryPtr(ptr, o, ary, k, xk, offset, field_offset, instance_id, is_autobox_cache, speculative, inline_depth))->hashcons();
 }
 
 //------------------------------cast_to_ptr_type-------------------------------
 const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::cast_to_ptr_type(PTR ptr) const {
   if( ptr == _ptr ) return this;
-  return make(ptr, ptr == Constant ? const_oop() : nullptr, _ary, klass(), klass_is_exact(), _offset, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth);
+  return make(ptr, ptr == Constant ? const_oop() : nullptr, _ary, klass(), klass_is_exact(), _offset, _field_offset, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth, _is_autobox_cache);
 }
 
 
@@ -4689,13 +5069,13 @@ const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::cast_to_ptr_type(PTR ptr) const {
 const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::cast_to_exactness(bool klass_is_exact) const {
   if( klass_is_exact == _klass_is_exact ) return this;
   if (_ary->ary_must_be_exact())  return this;  // cannot clear xk
-  return make(ptr(), const_oop(), _ary, klass(), klass_is_exact, _offset, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth);
+  return make(ptr(), const_oop(), _ary, klass(), klass_is_exact, _offset, _field_offset, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth, _is_autobox_cache);
 }
 
 //-----------------------------cast_to_instance_id----------------------------
 const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::cast_to_instance_id(int instance_id) const {
   if( instance_id == _instance_id ) return this;
-  return make(_ptr, const_oop(), _ary, klass(), _klass_is_exact, _offset, instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth);
+  return make(_ptr, const_oop(), _ary, klass(), _klass_is_exact, _offset, _field_offset, instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth, _is_autobox_cache);
 }
 
 
@@ -4753,8 +5133,118 @@ const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::cast_to_size(const TypeInt* new_size) const {
   assert(new_size != nullptr, "");
   new_size = narrow_size_type(new_size);
   if (new_size == size())  return this;
-  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(elem(), new_size, is_stable());
-  return make(ptr(), const_oop(), new_ary, klass(), klass_is_exact(), _offset, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth);
+  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(elem(), new_size, is_stable(), is_flat(), is_not_flat(), is_not_null_free(), is_atomic());
+  return make(ptr(), const_oop(), new_ary, klass(), klass_is_exact(), _offset, _field_offset, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth, _is_autobox_cache);
+}
+
+const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::cast_to_flat(bool flat) const {
+  if (flat == is_flat()) {
+    return this;
+  }
+  assert(!flat || !is_not_flat(), "inconsistency");
+  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(elem(), size(), is_stable(), flat, is_not_flat(), is_not_null_free(), is_atomic());
+  const TypeAryPtr* res = make(ptr(), const_oop(), new_ary, klass(), klass_is_exact(), _offset, _field_offset, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth, _is_autobox_cache);
+  if (res->speculative() == res->remove_speculative()) {
+    return res->remove_speculative();
+  }
+  return res;
+}
+
+//-------------------------------cast_to_not_flat------------------------------
+const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::cast_to_not_flat(bool not_flat) const {
+  if (not_flat == is_not_flat()) {
+    return this;
+  }
+  assert(!not_flat || !is_flat(), "inconsistency");
+  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(elem(), size(), is_stable(), is_flat(), not_flat, is_not_null_free(), is_atomic());
+  const TypeAryPtr* res = make(ptr(), const_oop(), new_ary, klass(), klass_is_exact(), _offset, _field_offset, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth, _is_autobox_cache);
+  // We keep the speculative part if it contains information about flat-/nullability.
+  // Make sure it's removed if it's not better than the non-speculative type anymore.
+  if (res->speculative() == res->remove_speculative()) {
+    return res->remove_speculative();
+  }
+  return res;
+}
+
+const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::cast_to_null_free(bool null_free) const {
+  if (null_free == is_null_free()) {
+    return this;
+  }
+  assert(!null_free || !is_not_null_free(), "inconsistency");
+  const Type* elem = this->elem();
+  const Type* new_elem = elem->make_ptr();
+  if (null_free) {
+    new_elem = new_elem->join_speculative(TypePtr::NOTNULL);
+  } else {
+    new_elem = new_elem->meet_speculative(TypePtr::NULL_PTR);
+  }
+  new_elem = elem->isa_narrowoop() ? new_elem->make_narrowoop() : new_elem;
+  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(new_elem, size(), is_stable(), is_flat(), is_not_flat(), is_not_null_free(), is_atomic());
+  const TypeAryPtr* res = make(ptr(), const_oop(), new_ary, klass(), klass_is_exact(), _offset, _field_offset, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth, _is_autobox_cache);
+  if (res->speculative() == res->remove_speculative()) {
+    return res->remove_speculative();
+  }
+  assert(res->speculative() == nullptr || res->speculative()->with_inline_depth(res->inline_depth())->higher_equal(res->remove_speculative()),
+           "speculative type must not be narrower than non-speculative type");
+  return res;
+}
+
+//-------------------------------cast_to_not_null_free-------------------------
+const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::cast_to_not_null_free(bool not_null_free) const {
+  if (not_null_free == is_not_null_free()) {
+    return this;
+  }
+  assert(!not_null_free || !is_null_free(), "inconsistency");
+  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(elem(), size(), is_stable(), is_flat(), is_not_flat(), not_null_free, is_atomic());
+  const TypePtr* new_spec = _speculative;
+  if (new_spec != nullptr) {
+    // Could be 'null free' from profiling, which would contradict the cast.
+    new_spec = new_spec->is_aryptr()->cast_to_null_free(false)->cast_to_not_null_free();
+  }
+  const TypeAryPtr* res = make(ptr(), const_oop(), new_ary, klass(), klass_is_exact(), _offset, _field_offset,
+                               _instance_id, new_spec, _inline_depth, _is_autobox_cache);
+  // We keep the speculative part if it contains information about flat-/nullability.
+  // Make sure it's removed if it's not better than the non-speculative type anymore.
+  if (res->speculative() == res->remove_speculative()) {
+    return res->remove_speculative();
+  }
+  assert(res->speculative() == nullptr || res->speculative()->with_inline_depth(res->inline_depth())->higher_equal(res->remove_speculative()),
+           "speculative type must not be narrower than non-speculative type");
+  return res;
+}
+
+//---------------------------------update_properties---------------------------
+const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::update_properties(const TypeAryPtr* from) const {
+  if ((from->is_flat()          && is_not_flat()) ||
+      (from->is_not_flat()      && is_flat()) ||
+      (from->is_null_free()     && is_not_null_free()) ||
+      (from->is_not_null_free() && is_null_free())) {
+    return nullptr; // Inconsistent properties
+  }
+  const TypeAryPtr* res = this;
+  if (from->is_not_null_free()) {
+    res = res->cast_to_not_null_free();
+  }
+  if (from->is_not_flat()) {
+    res = res->cast_to_not_flat();
+  }
+  return res;
+}
+
+jint TypeAryPtr::flat_layout_helper() const {
+  return exact_klass()->as_flat_array_klass()->layout_helper();
+}
+
+int TypeAryPtr::flat_elem_size() const {
+  return exact_klass()->as_flat_array_klass()->element_byte_size();
+}
+
+int TypeAryPtr::flat_log_elem_size() const {
+  return exact_klass()->as_flat_array_klass()->log2_element_size();
+}
+
+jint TypeAryPtr::max_flat_elements() const {
+  return exact_klass()->as_flat_array_klass()->max_elements();
 }
 
 //------------------------------cast_to_stable---------------------------------
@@ -4770,9 +5260,9 @@ const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::cast_to_stable(bool stable, int stable_dimension)
     elem = elem_ptr = elem_ptr->is_aryptr()->cast_to_stable(stable, stable_dimension - 1);
   }
 
-  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(elem, size(), stable);
+  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(elem, size(), stable, is_flat(), is_not_flat(), is_not_null_free(), is_atomic());
 
-  return make(ptr(), const_oop(), new_ary, klass(), klass_is_exact(), _offset, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth);
+  return make(ptr(), const_oop(), new_ary, klass(), klass_is_exact(), _offset, _field_offset, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth, _is_autobox_cache);
 }
 
 //-----------------------------stable_dimension--------------------------------
@@ -4792,8 +5282,8 @@ const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::cast_to_autobox_cache() const {
   if (etype == nullptr)  return this;
   // The pointers in the autobox arrays are always non-null.
   etype = etype->cast_to_ptr_type(TypePtr::NotNull)->is_oopptr();
-  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(etype, size(), is_stable());
-  return make(ptr(), const_oop(), new_ary, klass(), klass_is_exact(), _offset, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth, /*is_autobox_cache=*/true);
+  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(etype, size(), is_stable(), is_flat(), is_not_flat(), is_not_null_free(), is_atomic());
+  return make(ptr(), const_oop(), new_ary, klass(), klass_is_exact(), _offset, _field_offset, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth, /*is_autobox_cache=*/true);
 }
 
 //------------------------------eq---------------------------------------------
@@ -4802,13 +5292,14 @@ bool TypeAryPtr::eq( const Type *t ) const {
   const TypeAryPtr *p = t->is_aryptr();
   return
     _ary == p->_ary &&  // Check array
-    TypeOopPtr::eq(p);  // Check sub-parts
+    TypeOopPtr::eq(p) &&// Check sub-parts
+    _field_offset == p->_field_offset;
 }
 
 //------------------------------hash-------------------------------------------
 // Type-specific hashing function.
 uint TypeAryPtr::hash(void) const {
-  return (uint)(uintptr_t)_ary + TypeOopPtr::hash();
+  return (uint)(uintptr_t)_ary + TypeOopPtr::hash() + _field_offset.get();
 }
 
 bool TypeAryPtr::is_java_subtype_of_helper(const TypeOopPtr* other, bool this_exact, bool other_exact) const {
@@ -4855,7 +5346,7 @@ const Type *TypeAryPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
   case OopPtr: {                // Meeting to OopPtrs
     // Found a OopPtr type vs self-AryPtr type
     const TypeOopPtr *tp = t->is_oopptr();
-    int offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
+    Offset offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
     PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tp->ptr());
     int depth = meet_inline_depth(tp->inline_depth());
     const TypePtr* speculative = xmeet_speculative(tp);
@@ -4864,7 +5355,7 @@ const Type *TypeAryPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
     case AnyNull: {
       int instance_id = meet_instance_id(InstanceTop);
       return make(ptr, (ptr == Constant ? const_oop() : nullptr),
-                  _ary, _klass, _klass_is_exact, offset, instance_id, speculative, depth);
+                  _ary, _klass, _klass_is_exact, offset, _field_offset, instance_id, speculative, depth);
     }
     case BotPTR:
     case NotNull: {
@@ -4878,7 +5369,7 @@ const Type *TypeAryPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
   case AnyPtr: {                // Meeting two AnyPtrs
     // Found an AnyPtr type vs self-AryPtr type
     const TypePtr *tp = t->is_ptr();
-    int offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
+    Offset offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
     PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tp->ptr());
     const TypePtr* speculative = xmeet_speculative(tp);
     int depth = meet_inline_depth(tp->inline_depth());
@@ -4894,7 +5385,7 @@ const Type *TypeAryPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
     case AnyNull: {
       int instance_id = meet_instance_id(InstanceTop);
       return make(ptr, (ptr == Constant ? const_oop() : nullptr),
-                  _ary, _klass, _klass_is_exact, offset, instance_id, speculative, depth);
+                  _ary, _klass, _klass_is_exact, offset, _field_offset, instance_id, speculative, depth);
     }
     default: ShouldNotReachHere();
     }
@@ -4908,7 +5399,8 @@ const Type *TypeAryPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
 
   case AryPtr: {                // Meeting 2 references?
     const TypeAryPtr *tap = t->is_aryptr();
-    int off = meet_offset(tap->offset());
+    Offset off = meet_offset(tap->offset());
+    Offset field_off = meet_field_offset(tap->field_offset());
     const Type* tm = _ary->meet_speculative(tap->_ary);
     const TypeAry* tary = tm->isa_ary();
     if (tary == nullptr) {
@@ -4922,9 +5414,27 @@ const Type *TypeAryPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
 
     ciKlass* res_klass = nullptr;
     bool res_xk = false;
+    bool res_flat = false;
+    bool res_not_flat = false;
+    bool res_not_null_free = false;
+    bool res_atomic = false;
     const Type* elem = tary->_elem;
-    if (meet_aryptr(ptr, elem, this, tap, res_klass, res_xk) == NOT_SUBTYPE) {
+    if (meet_aryptr(ptr, elem, this, tap, res_klass, res_xk, res_flat, res_not_flat, res_not_null_free, res_atomic) == NOT_SUBTYPE) {
       instance_id = InstanceBot;
+    } else if (this->is_flat() != tap->is_flat()) {
+      // Meeting flat inline type array with non-flat array. Adjust (field) offset accordingly.
+      if (tary->_flat) {
+        // Result is in a flat representation
+        off = Offset(is_flat() ? offset() : tap->offset());
+        field_off = is_flat() ? field_offset() : tap->field_offset();
+      } else if (below_centerline(ptr)) {
+        // Result is in a non-flat representation
+        off = Offset(flat_offset()).meet(Offset(tap->flat_offset()));
+        field_off = (field_off == Offset::top) ? Offset::top : Offset::bottom;
+      } else if (flat_offset() == tap->flat_offset()) {
+        off = Offset(!is_flat() ? offset() : tap->offset());
+        field_off = !is_flat() ? field_offset() : tap->field_offset();
+      }
     }
 
     ciObject* o = nullptr;             // Assume not constant when done
@@ -4942,13 +5452,13 @@ const Type *TypeAryPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
         ptr = NotNull;
       }
     }
-    return make(ptr, o, TypeAry::make(elem, tary->_size, tary->_stable), res_klass, res_xk, off, instance_id, speculative, depth);
+    return make(ptr, o, TypeAry::make(elem, tary->_size, tary->_stable, res_flat, res_not_flat, res_not_null_free, res_atomic), res_klass, res_xk, off, field_off, instance_id, speculative, depth);
   }
 
   // All arrays inherit from Object class
   case InstPtr: {
     const TypeInstPtr *tp = t->is_instptr();
-    int offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
+    Offset offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
     PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tp->ptr());
     int instance_id = meet_instance_id(tp->instance_id());
     const TypePtr* speculative = xmeet_speculative(tp);
@@ -4963,18 +5473,31 @@ const Type *TypeAryPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
       // For instances when a subclass meets a superclass we fall
       // below the centerline when the superclass is exact. We need to
       // do the same here.
-      if (tp->klass()->equals(ciEnv::current()->Object_klass()) && this_interfaces->contains(tp_interfaces) && !tp->klass_is_exact()) {
-        return TypeAryPtr::make(ptr, _ary, _klass, _klass_is_exact, offset, instance_id, speculative, depth);
+      //
+      // Flat in array:
+      // We do
+      //   dual(TypeAryPtr) MEET dual(TypeInstPtr)
+      // If TypeInstPtr is anything else than Object, then the result of the meet is bottom Object (i.e. we could have
+      // instances or arrays).
+      // If TypeInstPtr is an Object and either
+      // - exact
+      // - inexact AND flat in array == dual(not flat in array) (i.e. not an array type)
+      // then the result of the meet is bottom Object (i.e. we could have instances or arrays).
+      // Otherwise, we meet two array pointers and create a new TypeAryPtr.
+      if (tp->klass()->equals(ciEnv::current()->Object_klass()) && this_interfaces->contains(tp_interfaces) &&
+          !tp->klass_is_exact() && !tp->is_not_flat_in_array()) {
+        return TypeAryPtr::make(ptr, _ary, _klass, _klass_is_exact, offset, _field_offset, instance_id, speculative, depth);
       } else {
         // cannot subclass, so the meet has to fall badly below the centerline
         ptr = NotNull;
         instance_id = InstanceBot;
         interfaces = this_interfaces->intersection_with(tp_interfaces);
-        return TypeInstPtr::make(ptr, ciEnv::current()->Object_klass(), interfaces, false, nullptr,offset, instance_id, speculative, depth);
+        FlatInArray flat_in_array = meet_flat_in_array(NotFlat, tp->flat_in_array());
+        return TypeInstPtr::make(ptr, ciEnv::current()->Object_klass(), interfaces, false, nullptr, offset, flat_in_array, instance_id, speculative, depth);
       }
     case Constant:
     case NotNull:
-    case BotPTR:                // Fall down to object klass
+    case BotPTR: { // Fall down to object klass
       // LCA is object_klass, but if we subclass from the top we can do better
       if (above_centerline(tp->ptr())) {
         // If 'tp'  is above the centerline and it is Object class
@@ -4982,22 +5505,29 @@ const Type *TypeAryPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
         // For instances when a subclass meets a superclass we fall
         // below the centerline when the superclass is exact. We need
         // to do the same here.
-        if (tp->klass()->equals(ciEnv::current()->Object_klass()) && this_interfaces->contains(tp_interfaces) && !tp->klass_is_exact()) {
+
+        // Flat in array: We do TypeAryPtr MEET dual(TypeInstPtr), same applies as above in TopPTR/AnyNull case.
+        if (tp->klass()->equals(ciEnv::current()->Object_klass()) && this_interfaces->contains(tp_interfaces) &&
+            !tp->klass_is_exact() && !tp->is_not_flat_in_array()) {
           // that is, my array type is a subtype of 'tp' klass
           return make(ptr, (ptr == Constant ? const_oop() : nullptr),
-                      _ary, _klass, _klass_is_exact, offset, instance_id, speculative, depth);
+                      _ary, _klass, _klass_is_exact, offset, _field_offset, instance_id, speculative, depth);
         }
       }
       // The other case cannot happen, since t cannot be a subtype of an array.
       // The meet falls down to Object class below centerline.
       if (ptr == Constant) {
-         ptr = NotNull;
+        ptr = NotNull;
       }
       if (instance_id > 0) {
         instance_id = InstanceBot;
       }
+
+      FlatInArray flat_in_array = meet_flat_in_array(NotFlat, tp->flat_in_array());
       interfaces = this_interfaces->intersection_with(tp_interfaces);
-      return TypeInstPtr::make(ptr, ciEnv::current()->Object_klass(), interfaces, false, nullptr, offset, instance_id, speculative, depth);
+      return TypeInstPtr::make(ptr, ciEnv::current()->Object_klass(), interfaces, false, nullptr, offset,
+                               flat_in_array, instance_id, speculative, depth);
+    }
     default: typerr(t);
     }
   }
@@ -5006,8 +5536,8 @@ const Type *TypeAryPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
 }
 
 
-template<class T> TypePtr::MeetResult TypePtr::meet_aryptr(PTR& ptr, const Type*& elem, const T* this_ary,
-                                                           const T* other_ary, ciKlass*& res_klass, bool& res_xk) {
+template<class T> TypePtr::MeetResult TypePtr::meet_aryptr(PTR& ptr, const Type*& elem, const T* this_ary, const T* other_ary,
+                                                           ciKlass*& res_klass, bool& res_xk, bool &res_flat, bool& res_not_flat, bool& res_not_null_free, bool &res_atomic) {
   int dummy;
   bool this_top_or_bottom = (this_ary->base_element_type(dummy) == Type::TOP || this_ary->base_element_type(dummy) == Type::BOTTOM);
   bool other_top_or_bottom = (other_ary->base_element_type(dummy) == Type::TOP || other_ary->base_element_type(dummy) == Type::BOTTOM);
@@ -5017,14 +5547,29 @@ template<class T> TypePtr::MeetResult TypePtr::meet_aryptr(PTR& ptr, const Type*
   bool other_xk = other_ary->klass_is_exact();
   PTR this_ptr = this_ary->ptr();
   PTR other_ptr = other_ary->ptr();
+  bool this_flat = this_ary->is_flat();
+  bool this_not_flat = this_ary->is_not_flat();
+  bool other_flat = other_ary->is_flat();
+  bool other_not_flat = other_ary->is_not_flat();
+  bool this_not_null_free = this_ary->is_not_null_free();
+  bool other_not_null_free = other_ary->is_not_null_free();
+  bool this_atomic = this_ary->is_atomic();
+  bool other_atomic = other_ary->is_atomic();
+  const bool same_nullness = this_ary->is_null_free() == other_ary->is_null_free();
   res_klass = nullptr;
   MeetResult result = SUBTYPE;
+  res_flat = this_flat && other_flat;
+  bool res_null_free = this_ary->is_null_free() && other_ary->is_null_free();
+  res_not_flat = this_not_flat && other_not_flat;
+  res_not_null_free = this_not_null_free && other_not_null_free;
+  res_atomic = this_atomic && other_atomic;
+
   if (elem->isa_int()) {
     // Integral array element types have irrelevant lattice relations.
     // It is the klass that determines array layout, not the element type.
-    if (this_top_or_bottom)
-      res_klass = other_klass;
-    else if (other_top_or_bottom || other_klass == this_klass) {
+      if (this_top_or_bottom) {
+        res_klass = other_klass;
+      } else if (other_top_or_bottom || other_klass == this_klass) {
       res_klass = this_klass;
     } else {
       // Something like byte[int+] meets char[int+].
@@ -5066,31 +5611,50 @@ template<class T> TypePtr::MeetResult TypePtr::meet_aryptr(PTR& ptr, const Type*
       // Compute new klass on demand, do not use tap->_klass
       if (below_centerline(this_ptr)) {
         res_xk = this_xk;
+        if (this_ary->is_flat()) {
+          elem = this_ary->elem();
+        }
       } else {
         res_xk = (other_xk || this_xk);
       }
-      return result;
+      break;
     case Constant: {
-      if (this_ptr == Constant) {
+      if (this_ptr == Constant && same_nullness) {
+        // Only exact if same nullness since:
+        //     null-free [LMyValue <: nullable [LMyValue.
         res_xk = true;
-      } else if(above_centerline(this_ptr)) {
+      } else if (above_centerline(this_ptr)) {
         res_xk = true;
       } else {
         // Only precise for identical arrays
         res_xk = this_xk && (this_ary->is_same_java_type_as(other_ary) || (this_top_or_bottom && other_top_or_bottom));
+        // Even though MyValue is final, [LMyValue is only exact if the array
+        // is (not) null-free due to null-free [LMyValue <: null-able [LMyValue.
+        if (res_xk && !res_null_free && !res_not_null_free) {
+          ptr = NotNull;
+          res_xk = false;
+        }
       }
-      return result;
+      break;
     }
     case NotNull:
     case BotPTR:
       // Compute new klass on demand, do not use tap->_klass
       if (above_centerline(this_ptr)) {
         res_xk = other_xk;
+        if (other_ary->is_flat()) {
+          elem = other_ary->elem();
+        }
       } else {
         res_xk = (other_xk && this_xk) &&
                  (this_ary->is_same_java_type_as(other_ary) || (this_top_or_bottom && other_top_or_bottom)); // Only precise for identical arrays
+        // Even though MyValue is final, [LMyValue is only exact if the array
+        // is (not) null-free due to null-free [LMyValue <: null-able [LMyValue.
+        if (res_xk && !res_null_free && !res_not_null_free) {
+          res_xk = false;
+        }
       }
-      return result;
+      break;
     default:  {
       ShouldNotReachHere();
       return result;
@@ -5103,7 +5667,17 @@ template<class T> TypePtr::MeetResult TypePtr::meet_aryptr(PTR& ptr, const Type*
 //------------------------------xdual------------------------------------------
 // Dual: compute field-by-field dual
 const Type *TypeAryPtr::xdual() const {
-  return new TypeAryPtr(dual_ptr(), _const_oop, _ary->dual()->is_ary(),_klass, _klass_is_exact, dual_offset(), dual_instance_id(), is_autobox_cache(), dual_speculative(), dual_inline_depth());
+  bool xk = _klass_is_exact;
+  return new TypeAryPtr(dual_ptr(), _const_oop, _ary->dual()->is_ary(), _klass, xk, dual_offset(), dual_field_offset(), dual_instance_id(), is_autobox_cache(), dual_speculative(), dual_inline_depth());
+}
+
+Type::Offset TypeAryPtr::meet_field_offset(const Type::Offset offset) const {
+  return _field_offset.meet(offset);
+}
+
+//------------------------------dual_offset------------------------------------
+Type::Offset TypeAryPtr::dual_field_offset() const {
+  return _field_offset.dual();
 }
 
 //------------------------------dump2------------------------------------------
@@ -5122,18 +5696,40 @@ void TypeAryPtr::dump2( Dict &d, uint depth, outputStream *st ) const {
     st->print(":exact");
   }
 
-  if( _offset != 0 ) {
+  if (is_flat()) {
+    st->print(":flat");
+    st->print("(");
+    _field_offset.dump2(st);
+    st->print(")");
+  } else if (is_not_flat()) {
+    st->print(":not_flat");
+  }
+  if (is_null_free()) {
+    st->print(":null free");
+  }
+  if (is_atomic()) {
+    st->print(":atomic");
+  }
+  if (Verbose) {
+    if (is_not_flat()) {
+      st->print(":not flat");
+    }
+    if (is_not_null_free()) {
+      st->print(":nullable");
+    }
+  }
+  if (offset() != 0) {
     BasicType basic_elem_type = elem()->basic_type();
     int header_size = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(basic_elem_type);
-    if( _offset == OffsetTop )       st->print("+undefined");
-    else if( _offset == OffsetBot )  st->print("+any");
-    else if( _offset < header_size ) st->print("+%d", _offset);
+    if( _offset == Offset::top )       st->print("+undefined");
+    else if( _offset == Offset::bottom )  st->print("+any");
+    else if( offset() < header_size ) st->print("+%d", offset());
     else {
       if (basic_elem_type == T_ILLEGAL) {
         st->print("+any");
       } else {
         int elem_size = type2aelembytes(basic_elem_type);
-        st->print("[%d]", (_offset - header_size)/elem_size);
+        st->print("[%d]", (offset() - header_size)/elem_size);
       }
     }
   }
@@ -5145,21 +5741,67 @@ void TypeAryPtr::dump2( Dict &d, uint depth, outputStream *st ) const {
 #endif
 
 bool TypeAryPtr::empty(void) const {
-  if (_ary->empty())       return true;
+  if (_ary->empty()) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  // Reference array is always possible. Only flat array with non-flattenable content can be an issue.
+  if (const TypeOopPtr* elem_ptr = elem()->make_oopptr(); _ary->_flat && elem_ptr != nullptr && elem_ptr->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+    auto impossible_layout_with_null_freeness = [this](bool null_free, bool atomic) -> bool {
+      ArrayDescription description = elem()->inline_klass()->array_description_of_array_properties(ArrayProperties::Default().with_null_restricted(null_free).with_non_atomic(!atomic));
+      return !LayoutKindHelper::is_flat(description._layout_kind);  // We get a contradiction between _ary->_flat and array_layout_selection
+    };
+    auto impossible_layout = [&](bool atomic) -> bool {
+      if (is_null_free()) {
+        // Surely null-free
+        if (impossible_layout_with_null_freeness(true, atomic)) {
+          return true;
+        }
+      } else if (is_not_null_free()) {
+        // Surely nullable
+        if (impossible_layout_with_null_freeness(false, atomic)) {
+          return true;
+        }
+      } else {
+        // Not sure...
+        if (impossible_layout_with_null_freeness(false, atomic) && impossible_layout_with_null_freeness(true, atomic)) {
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+      return false;
+    };
+    if (_ary->_atomic) {
+      // Surely atomic
+      if (impossible_layout(true)) {
+        return true;
+      }
+    } else if (klass_is_exact()) {
+      // Surely non-atomic
+      if (impossible_layout(false)) {
+        return true;
+      }
+    } else {
+      // Not sure...
+      if (impossible_layout(true) && impossible_layout(false)) {
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   return TypeOopPtr::empty();
 }
 
 //------------------------------add_offset-------------------------------------
 const TypePtr* TypeAryPtr::add_offset(intptr_t offset) const {
-  return make(_ptr, _const_oop, _ary, _klass, _klass_is_exact, xadd_offset(offset), _instance_id, add_offset_speculative(offset), _inline_depth);
+  return make(_ptr, _const_oop, _ary, _klass, _klass_is_exact, xadd_offset(offset), _field_offset, _instance_id, add_offset_speculative(offset), _inline_depth, _is_autobox_cache);
 }
 
 const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::with_offset(intptr_t offset) const {
-  return make(_ptr, _const_oop, _ary, _klass, _klass_is_exact, offset, _instance_id, with_offset_speculative(offset), _inline_depth);
+  return make(_ptr, _const_oop, _ary, _klass, _klass_is_exact, Offset(offset), _field_offset, _instance_id, with_offset_speculative(offset), _inline_depth, _is_autobox_cache);
 }
 
 const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::with_ary(const TypeAry* ary) const {
-  return make(_ptr, _const_oop, ary, _klass, _klass_is_exact, _offset, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth);
+  return make(_ptr, _const_oop, ary, _klass, _klass_is_exact, _offset, _field_offset, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth, _is_autobox_cache);
 }
 
 const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::remove_speculative() const {
@@ -5167,23 +5809,83 @@ const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::remove_speculative() const {
     return this;
   }
   assert(_inline_depth == InlineDepthTop || _inline_depth == InlineDepthBottom, "non speculative type shouldn't have inline depth");
-  return make(_ptr, _const_oop, _ary->remove_speculative()->is_ary(), _klass, _klass_is_exact, _offset, _instance_id, nullptr, _inline_depth);
+  return make(_ptr, _const_oop, _ary->remove_speculative()->is_ary(), _klass, _klass_is_exact, _offset, _field_offset, _instance_id, nullptr, _inline_depth, _is_autobox_cache);
+}
+
+const Type* TypeAryPtr::cleanup_speculative() const {
+  if (speculative() == nullptr) {
+    return this;
+  }
+  // Keep speculative part if it contains information about flat-/nullability
+  const TypeAryPtr* spec_aryptr = speculative()->isa_aryptr();
+  if (spec_aryptr != nullptr && !above_centerline(spec_aryptr->ptr()) &&
+      (spec_aryptr->is_not_flat() || spec_aryptr->is_not_null_free())) {
+    return this;
+  }
+  return TypeOopPtr::cleanup_speculative();
 }
 
 const TypePtr* TypeAryPtr::with_inline_depth(int depth) const {
   if (!UseInlineDepthForSpeculativeTypes) {
     return this;
   }
-  return make(_ptr, _const_oop, _ary->remove_speculative()->is_ary(), _klass, _klass_is_exact, _offset, _instance_id, _speculative, depth);
+  return make(_ptr, _const_oop, _ary->remove_speculative()->is_ary(), _klass, _klass_is_exact, _offset, _field_offset, _instance_id, _speculative, depth, _is_autobox_cache);
+}
+
+const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::with_field_offset(int offset) const {
+  return make(_ptr, _const_oop, _ary->remove_speculative()->is_ary(), _klass, _klass_is_exact, _offset, Offset(offset), _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth, _is_autobox_cache);
+}
+
+const TypePtr* TypeAryPtr::add_field_offset_and_offset(intptr_t offset) const {
+  if (!is_flat() || !klass_is_exact() || offset == OffsetBot || offset == OffsetTop) {
+    return add_offset(offset);
+  }
+
+  // Handle flat concrete value class array with known 'offset' which could refer to an actual field in the flat storage.
+  int adj = 0;
+  if (_offset != Offset::bottom && _offset != Offset::top) {
+    adj = _offset.get();
+    offset += _offset.get();
+  }
+  uint header = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_FLAT_ELEMENT);
+  if (_field_offset != Offset::bottom && _field_offset != Offset::top) {
+    offset += _field_offset.get();
+    if (_offset == Offset::bottom || _offset == Offset::top) {
+      offset += header;
+    }
+  }
+  if (elem()->make_oopptr()->is_inlinetypeptr() && (offset >= (intptr_t)header || offset < 0)) {
+    // Try to get the field of the inline type array element we are pointing to
+    ciInlineKlass* vk = elem()->inline_klass();
+    int shift = flat_log_elem_size();
+    int mask = (1 << shift) - 1;
+    int field_offset = static_cast<int>((offset - header) & mask);
+    ciField* field = vk->get_field_by_offset(field_offset + vk->payload_offset(), false);
+    if (field != nullptr || field_offset == vk->null_marker_offset_in_payload()) {
+      return with_field_offset(field_offset)->add_offset(offset - field_offset - adj);
+    }
+  }
+  return add_offset(offset - adj);
+}
+
+// Return offset incremented by field_offset for flat inline type arrays
+int TypeAryPtr::flat_offset() const {
+  int offset = _offset.get();
+  if (offset != OffsetBot && offset != OffsetTop &&
+      _field_offset != Offset::bottom && _field_offset != Offset::top) {
+    offset += _field_offset.get();
+  }
+  return offset;
 }
 
 const TypePtr* TypeAryPtr::with_instance_id(int instance_id) const {
   assert(is_known_instance(), "should be known");
-  return make(_ptr, _const_oop, _ary->remove_speculative()->is_ary(), _klass, _klass_is_exact, _offset, instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth);
+  return make(_ptr, _const_oop, _ary->remove_speculative()->is_ary(), _klass, _klass_is_exact, _offset, _field_offset, instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth);
 }
 
 //=============================================================================
 
+
 //------------------------------hash-------------------------------------------
 // Type-specific hashing function.
 uint TypeNarrowPtr::hash(void) const {
@@ -5277,7 +5979,6 @@ const Type *TypeNarrowPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
   case AryKlassPtr:
   case NarrowOop:
   case NarrowKlass:
-
   case Bottom:                  // Ye Olde Default
     return Type::BOTTOM;
   case Top:
@@ -5361,7 +6062,7 @@ uint TypeMetadataPtr::hash(void) const {
 bool TypeMetadataPtr::singleton(void) const {
   // detune optimizer to not generate constant metadata + constant offset as a constant!
   // TopPTR, Null, AnyNull, Constant are all singletons
-  return (_offset == 0) && !below_centerline(_ptr);
+  return (offset() == 0) && !below_centerline(_ptr);
 }
 
 //------------------------------add_offset-------------------------------------
@@ -5381,9 +6082,9 @@ const Type *TypeMetadataPtr::filter_helper(const Type *kills, bool include_specu
  //------------------------------get_con----------------------------------------
 intptr_t TypeMetadataPtr::get_con() const {
   assert( _ptr == Null || _ptr == Constant, "" );
-  assert( _offset >= 0, "" );
+  assert(offset() >= 0, "");
 
-  if (_offset != 0) {
+  if (offset() != 0) {
     // After being ported to the compiler interface, the compiler no longer
     // directly manipulates the addresses of oops.  Rather, it only has a pointer
     // to a handle at compile time.  This handle is embedded in the generated
@@ -5437,7 +6138,7 @@ const Type *TypeMetadataPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
   case AnyPtr: {
     // Found an AnyPtr type vs self-OopPtr type
     const TypePtr *tp = t->is_ptr();
-    int offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
+    Offset offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
     PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tp->ptr());
     switch (tp->ptr()) {
     case Null:
@@ -5465,7 +6166,7 @@ const Type *TypeMetadataPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
 
   case MetadataPtr: {
     const TypeMetadataPtr *tp = t->is_metadataptr();
-    int offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
+    Offset offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
     PTR tptr = tp->ptr();
     PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tptr);
     ciMetadata* md = (tptr == TopPTR) ? metadata() : tp->metadata();
@@ -5509,20 +6210,20 @@ void TypeMetadataPtr::dump2( Dict &d, uint depth, outputStream *st ) const {
 // Convenience common pre-built type.
 const TypeMetadataPtr *TypeMetadataPtr::BOTTOM;
 
-TypeMetadataPtr::TypeMetadataPtr(PTR ptr, ciMetadata* metadata, int offset):
+TypeMetadataPtr::TypeMetadataPtr(PTR ptr, ciMetadata* metadata, Offset offset):
   TypePtr(MetadataPtr, ptr, offset, relocInfo::metadata_type), _metadata(metadata) {
 }
 
 const TypeMetadataPtr* TypeMetadataPtr::make(ciMethod* m) {
-  return make(Constant, m, 0);
+  return make(Constant, m, Offset(0));
 }
 const TypeMetadataPtr* TypeMetadataPtr::make(ciMethodData* m) {
-  return make(Constant, m, 0);
+  return make(Constant, m, Offset(0));
 }
 
 //------------------------------make-------------------------------------------
 // Create a meta data constant
-const TypeMetadataPtr *TypeMetadataPtr::make(PTR ptr, ciMetadata* m, int offset) {
+const TypeMetadataPtr* TypeMetadataPtr::make(PTR ptr, ciMetadata* m, Offset offset) {
   assert(m == nullptr || !m->is_klass(), "wrong type");
   return (TypeMetadataPtr*)(new TypeMetadataPtr(ptr, m, offset))->hashcons();
 }
@@ -5531,36 +6232,37 @@ const TypeMetadataPtr *TypeMetadataPtr::make(PTR ptr, ciMetadata* m, int offset)
 const TypeKlassPtr* TypeAryPtr::as_klass_type(bool try_for_exact) const {
   const Type* elem = _ary->_elem;
   bool xk = klass_is_exact();
+  bool is_refined = false;
   if (elem->make_oopptr() != nullptr) {
+    is_refined = true;
     elem = elem->make_oopptr()->as_klass_type(try_for_exact);
-    if (elem->is_klassptr()->klass_is_exact()) {
-      xk = true;
+    if (elem->isa_aryklassptr()) {
+      const TypeAryKlassPtr* elem_klass = elem->is_aryklassptr();
+      if (elem_klass->is_refined_type()) {
+        elem = elem_klass->cast_to_non_refined();
+      }
+    } else {
+      const TypeInstKlassPtr* elem_klass = elem->is_instklassptr();
+      if (try_for_exact && !xk && elem_klass->klass_is_exact() &&
+          !elem_klass->exact_klass()->as_instance_klass()->can_be_inline_klass()) {
+        xk = true;
+      }
     }
   }
-  return TypeAryKlassPtr::make(xk ? TypePtr::Constant : TypePtr::NotNull, elem, klass(), 0);
+  return TypeAryKlassPtr::make(xk ? TypePtr::Constant : TypePtr::NotNull, elem, klass(), Offset(0), is_not_flat(), is_not_null_free(), is_flat(), is_null_free(), is_atomic(), is_refined);
 }
 
-const TypeKlassPtr* TypeKlassPtr::make(ciKlass *klass, InterfaceHandling interface_handling) {
+const TypeKlassPtr* TypeKlassPtr::make(ciKlass* klass, InterfaceHandling interface_handling) {
   if (klass->is_instance_klass()) {
     return TypeInstKlassPtr::make(klass, interface_handling);
   }
   return TypeAryKlassPtr::make(klass, interface_handling);
 }
 
-const TypeKlassPtr* TypeKlassPtr::make(PTR ptr, ciKlass* klass, int offset, InterfaceHandling interface_handling) {
-  if (klass->is_instance_klass()) {
-    const TypeInterfaces* interfaces = TypePtr::interfaces(klass, true, true, false, interface_handling);
-    return TypeInstKlassPtr::make(ptr, klass, interfaces, offset);
-  }
-  return TypeAryKlassPtr::make(ptr, klass, offset, interface_handling);
-}
-
-
-//------------------------------TypeKlassPtr-----------------------------------
-TypeKlassPtr::TypeKlassPtr(TYPES t, PTR ptr, ciKlass* klass, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces, int offset)
+TypeKlassPtr::TypeKlassPtr(TYPES t, PTR ptr, ciKlass* klass, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces, Offset offset)
   : TypePtr(t, ptr, offset, relocInfo::metadata_type), _klass(klass), _interfaces(interfaces) {
   assert(klass == nullptr || !klass->is_loaded() || (klass->is_instance_klass() && !klass->is_interface()) ||
-         klass->is_type_array_klass() || !klass->as_obj_array_klass()->base_element_klass()->is_interface(), "no interface here");
+         klass->is_type_array_klass() || klass->is_flat_array_klass() || !klass->as_obj_array_klass()->base_element_klass()->is_interface(), "no interface here");
 }
 
 // Is there a single ciKlass* that can represent that type?
@@ -5599,7 +6301,7 @@ uint TypeKlassPtr::hash(void) const {
 bool TypeKlassPtr::singleton(void) const {
   // detune optimizer to not generate constant klass + constant offset as a constant!
   // TopPTR, Null, AnyNull, Constant are all singletons
-  return (_offset == 0) && !below_centerline(_ptr);
+  return (offset() == 0) && !below_centerline(_ptr);
 }
 
 // Do not allow interface-vs.-noninterface joins to collapse to top.
@@ -5629,9 +6331,9 @@ const TypeInterfaces* TypeKlassPtr::meet_interfaces(const TypeKlassPtr* other) c
 //------------------------------get_con----------------------------------------
 intptr_t TypeKlassPtr::get_con() const {
   assert( _ptr == Null || _ptr == Constant, "" );
-  assert( _offset >= 0, "" );
+  assert( offset() >= 0, "" );
 
-  if (_offset != 0) {
+  if (offset() != 0) {
     // After being ported to the compiler interface, the compiler no longer
     // directly manipulates the addresses of oops.  Rather, it only has a pointer
     // to a handle at compile time.  This handle is embedded in the generated
@@ -5656,38 +6358,49 @@ const TypeInstKlassPtr *TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT;
 const TypeInstKlassPtr *TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT_OR_NULL;
 
 bool TypeInstKlassPtr::eq(const Type *t) const {
-  const TypeKlassPtr *p = t->is_klassptr();
+  const TypeInstKlassPtr* p = t->is_instklassptr();
   return
     klass()->equals(p->klass()) &&
+    _flat_in_array == p->_flat_in_array &&
     TypeKlassPtr::eq(p);
 }
 
-uint TypeInstKlassPtr::hash(void) const {
-  return klass()->hash() + TypeKlassPtr::hash();
+uint TypeInstKlassPtr::hash() const {
+  return klass()->hash() + TypeKlassPtr::hash() + static_cast<uint>(_flat_in_array);
 }
 
-const TypeInstKlassPtr *TypeInstKlassPtr::make(PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces, int offset) {
+const TypeInstKlassPtr *TypeInstKlassPtr::make(PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces, Offset offset, FlatInArray flat_in_array) {
+  if (flat_in_array == Uninitialized) {
+    flat_in_array = compute_flat_in_array(k->as_instance_klass(), ptr == Constant);
+  }
   TypeInstKlassPtr *r =
-    (TypeInstKlassPtr*)(new TypeInstKlassPtr(ptr, k, interfaces, offset))->hashcons();
+    (TypeInstKlassPtr*)(new TypeInstKlassPtr(ptr, k, interfaces, offset, flat_in_array))->hashcons();
 
   return r;
 }
 
+bool TypeInstKlassPtr::empty() const {
+  if (_flat_in_array == TopFlat) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  return TypeKlassPtr::empty();
+}
+
 //------------------------------add_offset-------------------------------------
 // Access internals of klass object
-const TypePtr* TypeInstKlassPtr::add_offset( intptr_t offset ) const {
-  return make( _ptr, klass(), _interfaces, xadd_offset(offset) );
+const TypePtr *TypeInstKlassPtr::add_offset( intptr_t offset ) const {
+  return make(_ptr, klass(), _interfaces, xadd_offset(offset), _flat_in_array);
 }
 
 const TypeInstKlassPtr* TypeInstKlassPtr::with_offset(intptr_t offset) const {
-  return make(_ptr, klass(), _interfaces, offset);
+  return make(_ptr, klass(), _interfaces, Offset(offset), _flat_in_array);
 }
 
 //------------------------------cast_to_ptr_type-------------------------------
 const TypeInstKlassPtr* TypeInstKlassPtr::cast_to_ptr_type(PTR ptr) const {
   assert(_base == InstKlassPtr, "subclass must override cast_to_ptr_type");
   if( ptr == _ptr ) return this;
-  return make(ptr, _klass, _interfaces, _offset);
+  return make(ptr, _klass, _interfaces, _offset, _flat_in_array);
 }
 
 
@@ -5699,18 +6412,19 @@ bool TypeInstKlassPtr::must_be_exact() const {
 }
 
 //-----------------------------cast_to_exactness-------------------------------
-const TypeKlassPtr* TypeInstKlassPtr::cast_to_exactness(bool klass_is_exact) const {
+const TypeInstKlassPtr* TypeInstKlassPtr::cast_to_exactness(bool klass_is_exact) const {
   if (klass_is_exact == (_ptr == Constant)) return this;
   if (must_be_exact()) return this;
   ciKlass* k = klass();
-  return make(klass_is_exact ? Constant : NotNull, k, _interfaces, _offset);
+  FlatInArray flat_in_array = compute_flat_in_array(k->as_instance_klass(), klass_is_exact);
+  return make(klass_is_exact ? Constant : NotNull, k, _interfaces, _offset, flat_in_array);
 }
 
 
 //-----------------------------as_instance_type--------------------------------
 // Corresponding type for an instance of the given class.
 // It will be NotNull, and exact if and only if the klass type is exact.
-const TypeOopPtr* TypeInstKlassPtr::as_instance_type(bool klass_change) const {
+const TypeInstPtr* TypeInstKlassPtr::as_exact_instance_type(bool klass_change) const {
   ciKlass* k = klass();
   bool xk = klass_is_exact();
   Compile* C = Compile::current();
@@ -5719,9 +6433,9 @@ const TypeOopPtr* TypeInstKlassPtr::as_instance_type(bool klass_change) const {
   // Element is an instance
   bool klass_is_exact = false;
   const TypeInterfaces* interfaces = _interfaces;
+  ciInstanceKlass* ik = k->as_instance_klass();
   if (k->is_loaded()) {
     // Try to set klass_is_exact.
-    ciInstanceKlass* ik = k->as_instance_klass();
     klass_is_exact = ik->is_final();
     if (!klass_is_exact && klass_change
         && deps != nullptr && UseUniqueSubclasses) {
@@ -5735,7 +6449,13 @@ const TypeOopPtr* TypeInstKlassPtr::as_instance_type(bool klass_change) const {
       }
     }
   }
-  return TypeInstPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, k, interfaces, xk, nullptr, 0);
+
+  FlatInArray flat_in_array = compute_flat_in_array_if_unknown(ik, xk, _flat_in_array);
+  return TypeInstPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, k, interfaces, xk, nullptr, Offset(0), flat_in_array);
+}
+
+const TypeInstPtr* TypeInstKlassPtr::as_subtype_instance_type(bool klass_change) const {
+  return cast_to_exactness(false)->as_exact_instance_type(klass_change);
 }
 
 //------------------------------xmeet------------------------------------------
@@ -5771,7 +6491,7 @@ const Type    *TypeInstKlassPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
   case AnyPtr: {                // Meeting to AnyPtrs
     // Found an AnyPtr type vs self-KlassPtr type
     const TypePtr *tp = t->is_ptr();
-    int offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
+    Offset offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
     PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tp->ptr());
     switch (tp->ptr()) {
     case TopPTR:
@@ -5779,7 +6499,7 @@ const Type    *TypeInstKlassPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
     case Null:
       if( ptr == Null ) return TypePtr::make(AnyPtr, ptr, offset, tp->speculative(), tp->inline_depth());
     case AnyNull:
-      return make( ptr, klass(), _interfaces, offset );
+      return make(ptr, klass(), _interfaces, offset, _flat_in_array);
     case BotPTR:
     case NotNull:
       return TypePtr::make(AnyPtr, ptr, offset, tp->speculative(), tp->inline_depth());
@@ -5792,7 +6512,7 @@ const Type    *TypeInstKlassPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
   case OopPtr:
   case AryPtr:                  // Meet with AryPtr
   case InstPtr:                 // Meet with InstPtr
-    return TypePtr::BOTTOM;
+      return TypePtr::BOTTOM;
 
   //
   //             A-top         }
@@ -5812,13 +6532,14 @@ const Type    *TypeInstKlassPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
 
   case InstKlassPtr: {  // Meet two KlassPtr types
     const TypeInstKlassPtr *tkls = t->is_instklassptr();
-    int  off     = meet_offset(tkls->offset());
+    Offset  off     = meet_offset(tkls->offset());
     PTR  ptr     = meet_ptr(tkls->ptr());
     const TypeInterfaces* interfaces = meet_interfaces(tkls);
 
     ciKlass* res_klass = nullptr;
     bool res_xk = false;
-    switch(meet_instptr(ptr, interfaces, this, tkls, res_klass, res_xk)) {
+    const FlatInArray flat_in_array = meet_flat_in_array(_flat_in_array, tkls->flat_in_array());
+    switch (meet_instptr(ptr, interfaces, this, tkls, res_klass, res_xk)) {
       case UNLOADED:
         ShouldNotReachHere();
       case SUBTYPE:
@@ -5826,7 +6547,7 @@ const Type    *TypeInstKlassPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
       case LCA:
       case QUICK: {
         assert(res_xk == (ptr == Constant), "");
-        const Type* res = make(ptr, res_klass, interfaces, off);
+        const Type* res = make(ptr, res_klass, interfaces, off, flat_in_array);
         return res;
       }
       default:
@@ -5835,7 +6556,7 @@ const Type    *TypeInstKlassPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
   } // End of case KlassPtr
   case AryKlassPtr: {                // All arrays inherit from Object class
     const TypeAryKlassPtr *tp = t->is_aryklassptr();
-    int offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
+    Offset offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
     PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tp->ptr());
     const TypeInterfaces* interfaces = meet_interfaces(tp);
     const TypeInterfaces* tp_interfaces = tp->_interfaces;
@@ -5847,17 +6568,21 @@ const Type    *TypeInstKlassPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
       // For instances when a subclass meets a superclass we fall
       // below the centerline when the superclass is exact. We need to
       // do the same here.
-      if (klass()->equals(ciEnv::current()->Object_klass()) && tp_interfaces->contains(this_interfaces) && !klass_is_exact()) {
-        return TypeAryKlassPtr::make(ptr, tp->elem(), tp->klass(), offset);
+      //
+      // Flat in array: See explanation for meet with TypeInstPtr in TypeAryPtr::xmeet_helper().
+      if (klass()->equals(ciEnv::current()->Object_klass()) && tp_interfaces->contains(this_interfaces) &&
+          !klass_is_exact() && !is_not_flat_in_array()) {
+        return TypeAryKlassPtr::make(ptr, tp->elem(), tp->klass(), offset, tp->is_not_flat(), tp->is_not_null_free(), tp->is_flat(), tp->is_null_free(), tp->is_atomic(), tp->is_refined_type());
       } else {
         // cannot subclass, so the meet has to fall badly below the centerline
         ptr = NotNull;
         interfaces = _interfaces->intersection_with(tp->_interfaces);
-        return make(ptr, ciEnv::current()->Object_klass(), interfaces, offset);
+        FlatInArray flat_in_array = meet_flat_in_array(_flat_in_array, NotFlat);
+        return make(ptr, ciEnv::current()->Object_klass(), interfaces, offset, flat_in_array);
       }
     case Constant:
     case NotNull:
-    case BotPTR:                // Fall down to object klass
+    case BotPTR: { // Fall down to object klass
       // LCA is object_klass, but if we subclass from the top we can do better
       if( above_centerline(_ptr) ) { // if( _ptr == TopPTR || _ptr == AnyNull )
         // If 'this' (InstPtr) is above the centerline and it is Object class
@@ -5865,18 +6590,22 @@ const Type    *TypeInstKlassPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
         // For instances when a subclass meets a superclass we fall
         // below the centerline when the superclass is exact. We need
         // to do the same here.
-        if (klass()->equals(ciEnv::current()->Object_klass()) && tp_interfaces->contains(this_interfaces) && !klass_is_exact()) {
+        //
+        // Flat in array: See explanation for meet with TypeInstPtr in TypeAryPtr::xmeet_helper().
+        if (klass()->equals(ciEnv::current()->Object_klass()) && tp_interfaces->contains(this_interfaces) &&
+            !klass_is_exact() && !is_not_flat_in_array()) {
           // that is, tp's array type is a subtype of my klass
-          return TypeAryKlassPtr::make(ptr,
-                                       tp->elem(), tp->klass(), offset);
+          return TypeAryKlassPtr::make(ptr, tp->elem(), tp->klass(), offset, tp->is_not_flat(), tp->is_not_null_free(), tp->is_flat(), tp->is_null_free(), tp->is_atomic(), tp->is_refined_type());
         }
       }
       // The other case cannot happen, since I cannot be a subtype of an array.
       // The meet falls down to Object class below centerline.
       if( ptr == Constant )
-         ptr = NotNull;
+        ptr = NotNull;
       interfaces = this_interfaces->intersection_with(tp_interfaces);
-      return make(ptr, ciEnv::current()->Object_klass(), interfaces, offset);
+      FlatInArray flat_in_array = meet_flat_in_array(_flat_in_array, NotFlat);
+      return make(ptr, ciEnv::current()->Object_klass(), interfaces, offset, flat_in_array);
+    }
     default: typerr(t);
     }
   }
@@ -5887,8 +6616,8 @@ const Type    *TypeInstKlassPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
 
 //------------------------------xdual------------------------------------------
 // Dual: compute field-by-field dual
-const Type    *TypeInstKlassPtr::xdual() const {
-  return new TypeInstKlassPtr(dual_ptr(), klass(), _interfaces, dual_offset());
+const Type* TypeInstKlassPtr::xdual() const {
+  return new TypeInstKlassPtr(dual_ptr(), klass(), _interfaces, dual_offset(), dual_flat_in_array());
 }
 
 template <class T1, class T2> bool TypePtr::is_java_subtype_of_helper_for_instance(const T1* this_one, const T2* other, bool this_exact, bool other_exact) {
@@ -5984,20 +6713,25 @@ const TypeKlassPtr* TypeInstKlassPtr::try_improve() const {
   assert((deps != nullptr) == (C->method() != nullptr && C->method()->code_size() > 0), "sanity");
   if (k->is_loaded()) {
     ciInstanceKlass* ik = k->as_instance_klass();
-    bool klass_is_exact = ik->is_final();
-    if (!klass_is_exact && deps != nullptr) {
+    if (deps != nullptr) {
       ciInstanceKlass* sub = ik->unique_concrete_subklass();
-      if (sub != nullptr && _interfaces->is_subset(sub)) {
-        deps->assert_abstract_with_unique_concrete_subtype(ik, sub);
-        k = ik = sub;
-        klass_is_exact = sub->is_final();
-        return TypeKlassPtr::make(klass_is_exact ? Constant : _ptr, k, _offset);
+      if (sub != nullptr) {
+        bool improve_to_exact = sub->is_final() && _ptr == NotNull;
+        const TypeInstKlassPtr* improved = TypeInstKlassPtr::make(improve_to_exact ? Constant : _ptr, sub, _offset);
+        if (_interfaces->is_subset(sub)) {
+          deps->assert_abstract_with_unique_concrete_subtype(ik, sub);
+          return improved;
+        }
       }
     }
   }
   return this;
 }
 
+bool TypeInstKlassPtr::can_be_inline_array() const {
+  return _klass->equals(ciEnv::current()->Object_klass()) && TypeAryKlassPtr::_array_interfaces->contains(_interfaces);
+}
+
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 void TypeInstKlassPtr::dump2(Dict& d, uint depth, outputStream* st) const {
   st->print("instklassptr:");
@@ -6005,31 +6739,72 @@ void TypeInstKlassPtr::dump2(Dict& d, uint depth, outputStream* st) const {
   _interfaces->dump(st);
   st->print(":%s", ptr_msg[_ptr]);
   dump_offset(st);
+  dump_flat_in_array(_flat_in_array, st);
 }
 #endif // PRODUCT
 
-const TypeAryKlassPtr *TypeAryKlassPtr::make(PTR ptr, const Type* elem, ciKlass* k, int offset) {
-  return (TypeAryKlassPtr*)(new TypeAryKlassPtr(ptr, elem, k, offset))->hashcons();
+bool TypeAryKlassPtr::can_be_inline_array() const {
+  return _elem->isa_instklassptr() && _elem->is_instklassptr()->_klass->can_be_inline_klass();
 }
 
-const TypeAryKlassPtr *TypeAryKlassPtr::make(PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, int offset, InterfaceHandling interface_handling) {
+bool TypeInstPtr::can_be_inline_array() const {
+  return _klass->equals(ciEnv::current()->Object_klass()) && TypeAryPtr::_array_interfaces->contains(_interfaces);
+}
+
+bool TypeAryPtr::can_be_inline_array() const {
+  return elem()->make_ptr() && elem()->make_ptr()->isa_instptr() && elem()->make_ptr()->is_instptr()->_klass->can_be_inline_klass();
+}
+
+const TypeAryKlassPtr *TypeAryKlassPtr::make(PTR ptr, const Type* elem, ciKlass* k, Offset offset, bool not_flat, bool not_null_free, bool flat, bool null_free, bool atomic, bool refined_type) {
+  return (TypeAryKlassPtr*)(new TypeAryKlassPtr(ptr, elem, k, offset, not_flat, not_null_free, flat, null_free, atomic, refined_type))->hashcons();
+}
+
+const TypeAryKlassPtr* TypeAryKlassPtr::make(PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, Offset offset, InterfaceHandling interface_handling, bool not_flat, bool not_null_free, bool flat, bool null_free, bool atomic, bool refined_type) {
+  const Type* etype;
   if (k->is_obj_array_klass()) {
     // Element is an object array. Recursively call ourself.
     ciKlass* eklass = k->as_obj_array_klass()->element_klass();
-    const TypeKlassPtr *etype = TypeKlassPtr::make(eklass, interface_handling)->cast_to_exactness(false);
-    return TypeAryKlassPtr::make(ptr, etype, nullptr, offset);
+    etype = TypeKlassPtr::make(eklass, interface_handling)->cast_to_exactness(false);
+    k = nullptr;
   } else if (k->is_type_array_klass()) {
     // Element is an typeArray
-    const Type* etype = get_const_basic_type(k->as_type_array_klass()->element_type());
-    return TypeAryKlassPtr::make(ptr, etype, k, offset);
+    etype = get_const_basic_type(k->as_type_array_klass()->element_type());
   } else {
     ShouldNotReachHere();
-    return nullptr;
   }
+
+  return TypeAryKlassPtr::make(ptr, etype, k, offset, not_flat, not_null_free, flat, null_free, atomic, refined_type);
 }
 
 const TypeAryKlassPtr* TypeAryKlassPtr::make(ciKlass* klass, InterfaceHandling interface_handling) {
-  return TypeAryKlassPtr::make(Constant, klass, 0, interface_handling);
+  ciArrayKlass* k = klass->as_array_klass();
+  if (k->is_refined()) {
+    return TypeAryKlassPtr::make(Constant, k, Offset(0), interface_handling, !k->is_flat_array_klass(), !k->is_elem_null_free(),
+                                 k->is_flat_array_klass(), k->is_elem_null_free(), k->is_elem_atomic(), true);
+  } else {
+    // Use the default combination to canonicalize all non-refined klass pointers
+    return TypeAryKlassPtr::make(Constant, k, Offset(0), interface_handling, true, true, false, false, true, false);
+  }
+}
+
+const TypeAryKlassPtr* TypeAryKlassPtr::cast_to_non_refined() const {
+  assert(is_refined_type(), "must be a refined type");
+  PTR ptr = _ptr;
+  // There can be multiple refined array types corresponding to a single unrefined type
+  if (ptr == NotNull && elem()->is_klassptr()->klass_is_exact()) {
+    ptr = Constant;
+  }
+  return make(ptr, elem(), nullptr, _offset, true, true, false, false, true, false);
+}
+
+// Get the (non-)refined array klass ptr
+const TypeAryKlassPtr* TypeAryKlassPtr::cast_to_refined_array_klass_ptr(bool refined) const {
+  if ((refined == is_refined_type()) || !klass_is_exact() || !exact_klass()->is_obj_array_klass()) {
+    return this;
+  }
+  ciArrayKlass* k = exact_klass()->as_array_klass();
+  k = ciObjArrayKlass::make(k->element_klass(), refined);
+  return make(k, trust_interfaces);
 }
 
 //------------------------------eq---------------------------------------------
@@ -6038,13 +6813,20 @@ bool TypeAryKlassPtr::eq(const Type *t) const {
   const TypeAryKlassPtr *p = t->is_aryklassptr();
   return
     _elem == p->_elem &&  // Check array
+    _flat == p->_flat &&
+    _not_flat == p->_not_flat &&
+    _null_free == p->_null_free &&
+    _not_null_free == p->_not_null_free &&
+    _atomic == p->_atomic &&
+    _refined_type == p->_refined_type &&
     TypeKlassPtr::eq(p);  // Check sub-parts
 }
 
 //------------------------------hash-------------------------------------------
 // Type-specific hashing function.
 uint TypeAryKlassPtr::hash(void) const {
-  return (uint)(uintptr_t)_elem + TypeKlassPtr::hash();
+  return (uint)(uintptr_t)_elem + TypeKlassPtr::hash() + (uint)(_not_flat ? 43 : 0) +
+      (uint)(_not_null_free ? 44 : 0) + (uint)(_flat ? 45 : 0) + (uint)(_null_free ? 46 : 0)  + (uint)(_atomic ? 47 : 0) + (uint)(_refined_type ? 48 : 0);
 }
 
 //----------------------compute_klass------------------------------------------
@@ -6061,9 +6843,9 @@ ciKlass* TypeAryPtr::compute_klass() const {
 
   // Get element klass
   if ((tinst = el->isa_instptr()) != nullptr) {
-    // Leave k_ary at null.
+    // Leave k_ary at nullptr.
   } else if ((tary = el->isa_aryptr()) != nullptr) {
-    // Leave k_ary at null.
+    // Leave k_ary at nullptr.
   } else if ((el->base() == Type::Top) ||
              (el->base() == Type::Bottom)) {
     // element type of Bottom occurs from meet of basic type
@@ -6111,8 +6893,16 @@ ciKlass* TypeAryPtr::exact_klass_helper() const {
     if (k == nullptr) {
       return nullptr;
     }
-    k = ciObjArrayKlass::make(k);
-    return k;
+    if (k->is_array_klass() && k->as_array_klass()->is_refined()) {
+      // We have no mechanism to create an array of refined arrays
+      k = ciObjArrayKlass::make(k->as_array_klass()->element_klass(), false);
+    }
+    if (klass_is_exact()) {
+      return ciObjArrayKlass::make(k, true, is_null_free(), is_atomic());
+    } else {
+      // We may reach here if called recursively, must be an unrefined type then
+      return ciObjArrayKlass::make(k, false);
+    }
   }
 
   return klass();
@@ -6131,57 +6921,110 @@ const Type* TypeAryPtr::base_element_type(int& dims) const {
 //------------------------------add_offset-------------------------------------
 // Access internals of klass object
 const TypePtr* TypeAryKlassPtr::add_offset(intptr_t offset) const {
-  return make(_ptr, elem(), klass(), xadd_offset(offset));
+  return make(_ptr, elem(), klass(), xadd_offset(offset), is_not_flat(), is_not_null_free(), _flat, _null_free, _atomic, _refined_type);
 }
 
 const TypeAryKlassPtr* TypeAryKlassPtr::with_offset(intptr_t offset) const {
-  return make(_ptr, elem(), klass(), offset);
+  return make(_ptr, elem(), klass(), Offset(offset), is_not_flat(), is_not_null_free(), _flat, _null_free, _atomic, _refined_type);
 }
 
 //------------------------------cast_to_ptr_type-------------------------------
 const TypeAryKlassPtr* TypeAryKlassPtr::cast_to_ptr_type(PTR ptr) const {
   assert(_base == AryKlassPtr, "subclass must override cast_to_ptr_type");
   if (ptr == _ptr) return this;
-  return make(ptr, elem(), _klass, _offset);
+  return make(ptr, elem(), _klass, _offset, is_not_flat(), is_not_null_free(), _flat, _null_free, _atomic, _refined_type);
 }
 
 bool TypeAryKlassPtr::must_be_exact() const {
-  if (_elem == Type::BOTTOM) return false;
-  if (_elem == Type::TOP   ) return false;
-  const TypeKlassPtr*  tk = _elem->isa_klassptr();
-  if (!tk)             return true;   // a primitive type, like int
-  return tk->must_be_exact();
-}
+  assert(klass_is_exact(), "precondition");
+  if (_elem == Type::BOTTOM || _elem == Type::TOP) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  const TypeKlassPtr* elem = _elem->isa_klassptr();
+  if (elem == nullptr) {
+    // primitive arrays
+    return true;
+  }
 
+  // refined types are final
+  return _refined_type;
+}
 
 //-----------------------------cast_to_exactness-------------------------------
-const TypeKlassPtr *TypeAryKlassPtr::cast_to_exactness(bool klass_is_exact) const {
-  if (must_be_exact()) return this;  // cannot clear xk
-  ciKlass* k = _klass;
+const TypeAryKlassPtr* TypeAryKlassPtr::cast_to_exactness(bool klass_is_exact) const {
+  if (klass_is_exact == this->klass_is_exact()) {
+    return this;
+  }
+  if (!klass_is_exact && must_be_exact()) {
+    return this;
+  }
   const Type* elem = this->elem();
   if (elem->isa_klassptr() && !klass_is_exact) {
     elem = elem->is_klassptr()->cast_to_exactness(klass_is_exact);
   }
-  return make(klass_is_exact ? Constant : NotNull, elem, k, _offset);
-}
 
+  if (klass_is_exact) {
+    // cast_to_exactness(true) really means get the LCA of all values represented by this
+    // TypeAryKlassPtr. As a result, it must be an unrefined klass pointer.
+    return make(Constant, elem, nullptr, _offset, true, true, false, false, true, false);
+  } else {
+    // cast_to_exactness(false) means get the TypeAryKlassPtr representing all values that subtype
+    // this value
+    bool not_inline = !_elem->isa_instklassptr() || !_elem->is_instklassptr()->instance_klass()->can_be_inline_klass();
+    bool not_flat = !UseArrayFlattening || not_inline ||
+                    (_elem->isa_instklassptr() && _elem->is_instklassptr()->instance_klass()->is_inlinetype() && !_elem->is_instklassptr()->instance_klass()->maybe_flat_in_array());
+    bool not_null_free = not_inline;
+    bool atomic = not_flat;
+    return make(NotNull, elem, nullptr, _offset, not_flat, not_null_free, false, false, atomic, false);
+  }
+}
 
 //-----------------------------as_instance_type--------------------------------
 // Corresponding type for an instance of the given class.
 // It will be NotNull, and exact if and only if the klass type is exact.
-const TypeOopPtr* TypeAryKlassPtr::as_instance_type(bool klass_change) const {
+const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryKlassPtr::as_exact_instance_type(bool klass_change) const {
   ciKlass* k = klass();
   bool    xk = klass_is_exact();
   const Type* el = nullptr;
   if (elem()->isa_klassptr()) {
-    el = elem()->is_klassptr()->as_instance_type(false)->cast_to_exactness(false);
+    el = elem()->is_klassptr()->as_subtype_instance_type(false);
     k = nullptr;
   } else {
     el = elem();
   }
-  return TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(el, TypeInt::POS), k, xk, 0);
+  bool flat, not_flat, not_null_free, atomic;
+  if (_refined_type) {
+    if (_null_free && el->isa_ptr()) {
+      el = el->is_ptr()->join_speculative(TypePtr::NOTNULL);
+    }
+    flat = is_flat();
+    not_flat = is_not_flat();
+    not_null_free = is_not_null_free();
+    atomic = is_atomic();
+  } else {  // Unrefined types aren't trustworthy! Let's not mistake their ignorance for information.
+    // We can always have arrays of references. Flatness is not guaranteed.
+    flat = false;
+    // There are asserts that expect us to not be entirely naive about properties.
+    // Only arrays of value classes can be null free. Otherwise, not_null_free == true. That is if the element type
+    // is not an instance class, or this instance class cannot be an inline type, it's surely not null-restricted.
+    not_null_free = !elem()->isa_instklassptr() || !elem()->is_instklassptr()->can_be_inline_type();
+    bool array_can_be_flat;
+    if (elem()->isa_instklassptr()) {
+      FlatInArray elem_flat_in_array = elem()->is_instklassptr()->flat_in_array();
+      array_can_be_flat = elem_flat_in_array == MaybeFlat || elem_flat_in_array == Flat;
+    } else {
+      array_can_be_flat = false;
+    }
+    not_flat = !array_can_be_flat;
+    atomic = !array_can_be_flat;
+  }
+  return TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(el, TypeInt::POS, false, flat, not_flat, not_null_free, atomic), k, xk, Offset(0));
 }
 
+// Corresponding type for instances that subtype the given class
+const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryKlassPtr::as_subtype_instance_type(bool klass_change) const {
+  return cast_to_exactness(false)->as_exact_instance_type(klass_change);
+}
 
 //------------------------------xmeet------------------------------------------
 // Compute the MEET of two types, return a new Type object.
@@ -6216,7 +7059,7 @@ const Type    *TypeAryKlassPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
   case AnyPtr: {                // Meeting to AnyPtrs
     // Found an AnyPtr type vs self-KlassPtr type
     const TypePtr *tp = t->is_ptr();
-    int offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
+    Offset offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
     PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tp->ptr());
     switch (tp->ptr()) {
     case TopPTR:
@@ -6224,7 +7067,7 @@ const Type    *TypeAryKlassPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
     case Null:
       if( ptr == Null ) return TypePtr::make(AnyPtr, ptr, offset, tp->speculative(), tp->inline_depth());
     case AnyNull:
-      return make( ptr, _elem, klass(), offset );
+      return make(ptr, _elem, klass(), offset, is_not_flat(), is_not_null_free(), is_flat(), is_null_free(), is_atomic(), is_refined_type());
     case BotPTR:
     case NotNull:
       return TypePtr::make(AnyPtr, ptr, offset, tp->speculative(), tp->inline_depth());
@@ -6257,19 +7100,55 @@ const Type    *TypeAryKlassPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
 
   case AryKlassPtr: {  // Meet two KlassPtr types
     const TypeAryKlassPtr *tap = t->is_aryklassptr();
-    int off = meet_offset(tap->offset());
+    Offset off = meet_offset(tap->offset());
     const Type* elem = _elem->meet(tap->_elem);
-
     PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tap->ptr());
     ciKlass* res_klass = nullptr;
     bool res_xk = false;
-    meet_aryptr(ptr, elem, this, tap, res_klass, res_xk);
+    bool res_flat = false;
+    bool res_not_flat = false;
+    bool res_not_null_free = false;
+    bool res_atomic = false;
+    MeetResult res = meet_aryptr(ptr, elem, this, tap,
+                                 res_klass, res_xk, res_flat, res_not_flat, res_not_null_free, res_atomic);
     assert(res_xk == (ptr == Constant), "");
-    return make(ptr, elem, res_klass, off);
+    bool flat = meet_flat(tap->_flat);
+    bool null_free = meet_null_free(tap->_null_free);
+    bool atomic = meet_atomic(tap->_atomic);
+    bool refined_type = _refined_type && tap->_refined_type;
+    if (res == NOT_SUBTYPE) {
+      flat = false;
+      null_free = false;
+      atomic = false;
+      refined_type = false;
+    } else if (res == SUBTYPE) {
+      if (above_centerline(tap->ptr()) && !above_centerline(this->ptr())) {
+        flat = _flat;
+        null_free = _null_free;
+        atomic = _atomic;
+        refined_type = _refined_type;
+      } else if (above_centerline(this->ptr()) && !above_centerline(tap->ptr())) {
+        flat = tap->_flat;
+        null_free = tap->_null_free;
+        atomic = tap->_atomic;
+        refined_type = tap->_refined_type;
+      } else if (above_centerline(this->ptr()) && above_centerline(tap->ptr())) {
+        flat = _flat || tap->_flat;
+        null_free = _null_free || tap->_null_free;
+        atomic = _atomic || tap->_atomic;
+        refined_type = _refined_type || tap->_refined_type;
+      } else if (res_xk && _refined_type != tap->_refined_type) {
+        // This can happen if the phi emitted by LibraryCallKit::load_default_refined_array_klass/load_non_refined_array_klass
+        // is processed before the typeArray guard is folded. Both inputs are constant but the input corresponding to the
+        // typeArray will go away. Don't constant fold it yet but wait for the control input to collapse.
+        ptr = PTR::NotNull;
+      }
+    }
+    return make(ptr, elem, res_klass, off, res_not_flat, res_not_null_free, flat, null_free, atomic, refined_type);
   } // End of case KlassPtr
   case InstKlassPtr: {
     const TypeInstKlassPtr *tp = t->is_instklassptr();
-    int offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
+    Offset offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
     PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tp->ptr());
     const TypeInterfaces* interfaces = meet_interfaces(tp);
     const TypeInterfaces* tp_interfaces = tp->_interfaces;
@@ -6281,18 +7160,21 @@ const Type    *TypeAryKlassPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
       // For instances when a subclass meets a superclass we fall
       // below the centerline when the superclass is exact. We need to
       // do the same here.
+      //
+      // Flat in array: See explanation for meet with TypeInstPtr in TypeAryPtr::xmeet_helper().
       if (tp->klass()->equals(ciEnv::current()->Object_klass()) && this_interfaces->contains(tp_interfaces) &&
-          !tp->klass_is_exact()) {
-        return TypeAryKlassPtr::make(ptr, _elem, _klass, offset);
+          !tp->klass_is_exact() && !tp->is_not_flat_in_array()) {
+        return TypeAryKlassPtr::make(ptr, _elem, _klass, offset, is_not_flat(), is_not_null_free(), is_flat(), is_null_free(), is_atomic(), is_refined_type());
       } else {
         // cannot subclass, so the meet has to fall badly below the centerline
         ptr = NotNull;
         interfaces = this_interfaces->intersection_with(tp->_interfaces);
-        return TypeInstKlassPtr::make(ptr, ciEnv::current()->Object_klass(), interfaces, offset);
+        FlatInArray flat_in_array = meet_flat_in_array(NotFlat, tp->flat_in_array());
+        return TypeInstKlassPtr::make(ptr, ciEnv::current()->Object_klass(), interfaces, offset, flat_in_array);
       }
     case Constant:
     case NotNull:
-    case BotPTR:                // Fall down to object klass
+    case BotPTR: { // Fall down to object klass
       // LCA is object_klass, but if we subclass from the top we can do better
       if (above_centerline(tp->ptr())) {
         // If 'tp'  is above the centerline and it is Object class
@@ -6300,18 +7182,22 @@ const Type    *TypeAryKlassPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
         // For instances when a subclass meets a superclass we fall
         // below the centerline when the superclass is exact. We need
         // to do the same here.
+        //
+        // Flat in array: See explanation for meet with TypeInstPtr in TypeAryPtr::xmeet_helper().
         if (tp->klass()->equals(ciEnv::current()->Object_klass()) && this_interfaces->contains(tp_interfaces) &&
-            !tp->klass_is_exact()) {
+            !tp->klass_is_exact() && !tp->is_not_flat_in_array()) {
           // that is, my array type is a subtype of 'tp' klass
-          return make(ptr, _elem, _klass, offset);
+          return make(ptr, _elem, _klass, offset, is_not_flat(), is_not_null_free(), is_flat(), is_null_free(), is_atomic(), is_refined_type());
         }
       }
       // The other case cannot happen, since t cannot be a subtype of an array.
       // The meet falls down to Object class below centerline.
       if (ptr == Constant)
-         ptr = NotNull;
+        ptr = NotNull;
       interfaces = this_interfaces->intersection_with(tp_interfaces);
-      return TypeInstKlassPtr::make(ptr, ciEnv::current()->Object_klass(), interfaces, offset);
+      FlatInArray flat_in_array = meet_flat_in_array(NotFlat, tp->flat_in_array());
+      return TypeInstKlassPtr::make(ptr, ciEnv::current()->Object_klass(), interfaces, offset, flat_in_array);
+    }
     default: typerr(t);
     }
   }
@@ -6349,6 +7235,9 @@ template <class T1, class T2> bool TypePtr::is_java_subtype_of_helper_for_array(
   const TypePtr* other_elem = other_ary->elem()->make_ptr();
   const TypePtr* this_elem = this_one->elem()->make_ptr();
   if (this_elem != nullptr && other_elem != nullptr) {
+    if (other->is_null_free() && !this_one->is_null_free()) {
+      return false; // A nullable array can't be a subtype of a null-free array
+    }
     return this_one->is_reference_type(this_elem)->is_java_subtype_of_helper(this_one->is_reference_type(other_elem), this_exact, other_exact);
   }
   if (this_elem == nullptr && other_elem == nullptr) {
@@ -6441,7 +7330,7 @@ bool TypeAryKlassPtr::maybe_java_subtype_of_helper(const TypeKlassPtr* other, bo
 //------------------------------xdual------------------------------------------
 // Dual: compute field-by-field dual
 const Type    *TypeAryKlassPtr::xdual() const {
-  return new TypeAryKlassPtr(dual_ptr(), elem()->dual(), klass(), dual_offset());
+  return new TypeAryKlassPtr(dual_ptr(), elem()->dual(), klass(), dual_offset(), !is_not_flat(), !is_not_null_free(), dual_flat(), dual_null_free(), dual_atomic(), _refined_type);
 }
 
 // Is there a single ciKlass* that can represent that type?
@@ -6451,7 +7340,8 @@ ciKlass* TypeAryKlassPtr::exact_klass_helper() const {
     if (k == nullptr) {
       return nullptr;
     }
-    k = ciObjArrayKlass::make(k);
+    assert(!k->is_array_klass() || !k->as_array_klass()->is_refined(), "no mechanism to create an array of refined arrays %s", k->name()->as_utf8());
+    k = ciArrayKlass::make(k, is_null_free(), is_atomic(), _refined_type);
     return k;
   }
 
@@ -6482,6 +7372,14 @@ void TypeAryKlassPtr::dump2( Dict & d, uint depth, outputStream *st ) const {
   _elem->dump2(d, depth, st);
   _interfaces->dump(st);
   st->print(":%s", ptr_msg[_ptr]);
+  if (_flat) st->print(":flat");
+  if (_null_free) st->print(":null free");
+  if (_atomic) st->print(":atomic");
+  if (_refined_type) st->print(":refined_type");
+  if (Verbose) {
+    if (_not_flat) st->print(":not flat");
+    if (_not_null_free) st->print(":nullable");
+  }
   dump_offset(st);
 }
 #endif
@@ -6500,24 +7398,58 @@ const Type* TypeAryKlassPtr::base_element_type(int& dims) const {
 // Convenience common pre-built types.
 
 //------------------------------make-------------------------------------------
-const TypeFunc *TypeFunc::make( const TypeTuple *domain, const TypeTuple *range ) {
-  return (TypeFunc*)(new TypeFunc(domain,range))->hashcons();
+const TypeFunc *TypeFunc::make(const TypeTuple *domain_sig, const TypeTuple* domain_cc,
+                               const TypeTuple* range_sig, const TypeTuple* range_cc,
+                               bool scalarized_return) {
+  return (TypeFunc*)(new TypeFunc(domain_sig, domain_cc, range_sig, range_cc, scalarized_return))->hashcons();
 }
 
-//------------------------------make-------------------------------------------
-const TypeFunc *TypeFunc::make(ciMethod* method) {
+const TypeFunc *TypeFunc::make(const TypeTuple *domain, const TypeTuple *range) {
+  return make(domain, domain, range, range);
+}
+
+//------------------------------osr_domain-----------------------------
+const TypeTuple* osr_domain() {
+  const Type **fields = TypeTuple::fields(2);
+  fields[TypeFunc::Parms+0] = TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM;  // address of osr buffer
+  return TypeTuple::make(TypeFunc::Parms+1, fields);
+}
+
+// Build a TypeFunc with both the Java-signature view ('sig') and the actual calling-
+// convention view ('cc') of inline types. In the signature, an inline type is a single
+// oop slot. In the scalarized calling convention, it is expanded to its field
+// values (plus null marker and optional oop to the heap buffer).
+// The 'is_call' argument distinguishes between the return signature of a method at calls
+// vs. at compilation of that method because at calls we return an additional null marker field.
+// For OSR and mismatching calls, we fall back to the non-scalarized argument view.
+const TypeFunc* TypeFunc::make(ciMethod* method, bool is_call, bool is_osr_compilation) {
   Compile* C = Compile::current();
-  const TypeFunc* tf = C->last_tf(method); // check cache
-  if (tf != nullptr)  return tf;  // The hit rate here is almost 50%.
-  const TypeTuple *domain;
-  if (method->is_static()) {
-    domain = TypeTuple::make_domain(nullptr, method->signature(), ignore_interfaces);
-  } else {
-    domain = TypeTuple::make_domain(method->holder(), method->signature(), ignore_interfaces);
+  const TypeFunc* tf = nullptr;
+  // Inline types are not passed/returned by reference, instead each field of
+  // the inline type is passed/returned as an argument. We maintain two views of
+  // the argument/return list here: one based on the signature (with an inline
+  // type argument/return as a single slot), one based on the actual calling
+  // convention (with an inline type argument/return as a list of its fields).
+  bool has_scalar_args = method->has_scalarized_args() && !is_osr_compilation;
+  // Fall back to the non-scalarized calling convention when compiling a call via a mismatching method
+  if (is_call && method->mismatch()) {
+    has_scalar_args = false;
+  }
+  ciSignature* sig = method->signature();
+  bool has_scalar_ret = !method->is_native() && sig->return_type()->is_inlinetype() && sig->return_type()->as_inline_klass()->can_be_returned_as_fields();
+  // Don't cache on scalarized return because the range depends on 'is_call'
+  if (!is_osr_compilation && !has_scalar_ret) {
+    tf = C->last_tf(method); // check cache
+    if (tf != nullptr)  return tf;  // The hit rate here is almost 50%.
+  }
+  const TypeTuple* domain_sig = is_osr_compilation ? osr_domain() : TypeTuple::make_domain(method, ignore_interfaces, false);
+  const TypeTuple* domain_cc = has_scalar_args ? TypeTuple::make_domain(method, ignore_interfaces, true) : domain_sig;
+  const TypeTuple* range_sig = TypeTuple::make_range(sig, ignore_interfaces);
+  const TypeTuple* range_cc = has_scalar_ret ? TypeTuple::make_range(sig, ignore_interfaces, true, is_call) : range_sig;
+  tf = TypeFunc::make(domain_sig, domain_cc, range_sig, range_cc, has_scalar_ret);
+  if (!is_osr_compilation && !has_scalar_ret) {
+    C->set_last_tf(method, tf);  // fill cache
   }
-  const TypeTuple *range  = TypeTuple::make_range(method->signature(), ignore_interfaces);
-  tf = TypeFunc::make(domain, range);
-  C->set_last_tf(method, tf);  // fill cache
   return tf;
 }
 
@@ -6552,29 +7484,32 @@ const Type *TypeFunc::xdual() const {
 // Structural equality check for Type representations
 bool TypeFunc::eq( const Type *t ) const {
   const TypeFunc *a = (const TypeFunc*)t;
-  return _domain == a->_domain &&
-    _range == a->_range;
+  return _domain_sig == a->_domain_sig &&
+    _domain_cc == a->_domain_cc &&
+    _range_sig == a->_range_sig &&
+    _range_cc == a->_range_cc &&
+    _scalarized_return == a->_scalarized_return;
 }
 
 //------------------------------hash-------------------------------------------
 // Type-specific hashing function.
 uint TypeFunc::hash(void) const {
-  return (uint)(uintptr_t)_domain + (uint)(uintptr_t)_range;
+  return (uint)(intptr_t)_domain_sig + (uint)(intptr_t)_domain_cc + (uint)(intptr_t)_range_sig + (uint)(intptr_t)_range_cc + (uint)(intptr_t)_scalarized_return;
 }
 
 //------------------------------dump2------------------------------------------
 // Dump Function Type
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 void TypeFunc::dump2( Dict &d, uint depth, outputStream *st ) const {
-  if( _range->cnt() <= Parms )
+  if( _range_sig->cnt() <= Parms )
     st->print("void");
   else {
     uint i;
-    for (i = Parms; i < _range->cnt()-1; i++) {
-      _range->field_at(i)->dump2(d,depth,st);
+    for (i = Parms; i < _range_sig->cnt()-1; i++) {
+      _range_sig->field_at(i)->dump2(d,depth,st);
       st->print("/");
     }
-    _range->field_at(i)->dump2(d,depth,st);
+    _range_sig->field_at(i)->dump2(d,depth,st);
   }
   st->print(" ");
   st->print("( ");
@@ -6583,11 +7518,11 @@ void TypeFunc::dump2( Dict &d, uint depth, outputStream *st ) const {
     return;
   }
   d.Insert((void*)this,(void*)this);    // Stop recursion
-  if (Parms < _domain->cnt())
-    _domain->field_at(Parms)->dump2(d,depth-1,st);
-  for (uint i = Parms+1; i < _domain->cnt(); i++) {
+  if (Parms < _domain_sig->cnt())
+    _domain_sig->field_at(Parms)->dump2(d,depth-1,st);
+  for (uint i = Parms+1; i < _domain_sig->cnt(); i++) {
     st->print(", ");
-    _domain->field_at(i)->dump2(d,depth-1,st);
+    _domain_sig->field_at(i)->dump2(d,depth-1,st);
   }
   st->print(" )");
 }
@@ -6607,8 +7542,8 @@ bool TypeFunc::empty(void) const {
 
 
 BasicType TypeFunc::return_type() const{
-  if (range()->cnt() == TypeFunc::Parms) {
+  if (range_sig()->cnt() == TypeFunc::Parms) {
     return T_VOID;
   }
-  return range()->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms)->basic_type();
+  return range_sig()->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms)->basic_type();
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.hpp
index 06201113311..0ad9938aaea 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.hpp
@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@
 #ifndef SHARE_OPTO_TYPE_HPP
 #define SHARE_OPTO_TYPE_HPP
 
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "opto/adlcVMDeps.hpp"
 #include "opto/compile.hpp"
 #include "opto/rangeinference.hpp"
-#include "runtime/handles.hpp"
 
 // Portions of code courtesy of Clifford Click
 
@@ -144,6 +144,30 @@ class Type {
     OffsetBot = -2000000001     // any possible offset
   };
 
+  class Offset {
+  private:
+    int _offset;
+
+  public:
+    explicit Offset(int offset) : _offset(offset) {}
+
+    const Offset meet(const Offset other) const;
+    const Offset dual() const;
+    const Offset add(intptr_t offset) const;
+    bool operator==(const Offset& other) const {
+      return _offset == other._offset;
+    }
+    bool operator!=(const Offset& other) const {
+      return _offset != other._offset;
+    }
+    int get() const { return _offset; }
+
+    void dump2(outputStream *st) const;
+
+    static const Offset top;
+    static const Offset bottom;
+  };
+
   // Min and max WIDEN values.
   enum WIDEN {
     WidenMin = 0,
@@ -344,6 +368,9 @@ class Type {
   virtual bool      is_finite() const;           // Has a finite value
   virtual bool      is_nan()    const;           // Is not a number (NaN)
 
+  bool is_inlinetypeptr() const;
+  virtual ciInlineKlass* inline_klass() const;
+
   // Returns this ptr type or the equivalent ptr type for this compressed pointer.
   const TypePtr* make_ptr() const;
 
@@ -480,6 +507,7 @@ class Type {
 
   static const Type* make_constant_from_array_element(ciArray* array,
                                                       int off,
+                                                      int field_offset,
                                                       int stable_dimension,
                                                       BasicType loadbt,
                                                       bool is_unsigned_load);
@@ -972,8 +1000,8 @@ class TypeTuple : public Type {
   }
 
   static const TypeTuple *make( uint cnt, const Type **fields );
-  static const TypeTuple *make_range(ciSignature *sig, InterfaceHandling interface_handling = ignore_interfaces);
-  static const TypeTuple *make_domain(ciInstanceKlass* recv, ciSignature *sig, InterfaceHandling interface_handling);
+  static const TypeTuple *make_range(ciSignature* sig, InterfaceHandling interface_handling = ignore_interfaces, bool ret_vt_fields = false, bool is_call = false);
+  static const TypeTuple *make_domain(ciMethod* method, InterfaceHandling interface_handling, bool vt_fields_as_args = false);
 
   // Subroutine call type with space allocated for argument types
   // Memory for Control, I_O, Memory, FramePtr, and ReturnAdr is allocated implicitly
@@ -1002,8 +1030,8 @@ class TypeTuple : public Type {
 //------------------------------TypeAry----------------------------------------
 // Class of Array Types
 class TypeAry : public Type {
-  TypeAry(const Type* elem, const TypeInt* size, bool stable) : Type(Array),
-      _elem(elem), _size(size), _stable(stable) {}
+  TypeAry(const Type* elem, const TypeInt* size, bool stable, bool flat, bool not_flat, bool not_null_free, bool atomic) : Type(Array),
+      _elem(elem), _size(size), _stable(stable), _flat(flat), _not_flat(not_flat), _not_null_free(not_null_free), _atomic(atomic) {}
 public:
   virtual bool eq( const Type *t ) const;
   virtual uint hash() const;             // Type specific hashing
@@ -1014,10 +1042,18 @@ class TypeAry : public Type {
   const Type *_elem;            // Element type of array
   const TypeInt *_size;         // Elements in array
   const bool _stable;           // Are elements @Stable?
+
+  // Inline type array properties
+  const bool _flat;             // Array is flat
+  const bool _not_flat;         // Array is never flat
+  const bool _not_null_free;    // Array is never null-free
+  const bool _atomic;           // Array is atomic
+
   friend class TypeAryPtr;
 
 public:
-  static const TypeAry* make(const Type* elem, const TypeInt* size, bool stable = false);
+  static const TypeAry* make(const Type* elem, const TypeInt* size, bool stable,
+                             bool flat, bool not_flat, bool not_null_free, bool atomic);
 
   virtual const Type *xmeet( const Type *t ) const;
   virtual const Type *xdual() const;    // Compute dual right now.
@@ -1177,8 +1213,27 @@ class TypePtr : public Type {
 
 public:
   enum PTR { TopPTR, AnyNull, Constant, Null, NotNull, BotPTR, lastPTR };
+
+  // Only applies to TypeInstPtr and TypeInstKlassPtr. Since the common super class is TypePtr, it is defined here.
+  //
+  // FlatInArray defines the following Boolean Lattice structure
+  //
+  //     TopFlat
+  //    /      \
+  //  Flat   NotFlat
+  //    \      /
+  //   MaybeFlat
+  //
+  // with meet (see TypePtr::meet_flat_in_array()) and join (implemented over dual, see TypePtr::flat_in_array_dual)
+  enum FlatInArray {
+    TopFlat,        // Dedicated top element and dual of MaybeFlat. Result when joining Flat and NotFlat.
+    Flat,           // An instance is always flat in an array.
+    NotFlat,        // An instance is never flat in an array.
+    MaybeFlat,      // We don't know whether an instance is flat in an array.
+    Uninitialized   // Used when the flat in array property was not computed, yet - should never actually end up in a type.
+  };
 protected:
-  TypePtr(TYPES t, PTR ptr, int offset,
+  TypePtr(TYPES t, PTR ptr, Offset offset,
           relocInfo::relocType reloc,
           const TypePtr* speculative = nullptr,
           int inline_depth = InlineDepthBottom) :
@@ -1188,6 +1243,9 @@ class TypePtr : public Type {
   static const PTR ptr_dual[lastPTR];
   static const char * const ptr_msg[lastPTR];
 
+  static const FlatInArray flat_in_array_dual[Uninitialized];
+  static const char* const flat_in_array_msg[Uninitialized];
+
   enum {
     InlineDepthBottom = INT_MAX,
     InlineDepthTop = -InlineDepthBottom
@@ -1236,9 +1294,11 @@ class TypePtr : public Type {
   };
   template<class T> static TypePtr::MeetResult meet_instptr(PTR& ptr, const TypeInterfaces*& interfaces, const T* this_type,
                                                             const T* other_type, ciKlass*& res_klass, bool& res_xk);
+ protected:
+  static FlatInArray meet_flat_in_array(FlatInArray left, FlatInArray other);
 
   template<class T> static MeetResult meet_aryptr(PTR& ptr, const Type*& elem, const T* this_ary, const T* other_ary,
-                                                  ciKlass*& res_klass, bool& res_xk);
+                                                  ciKlass*& res_klass, bool& res_xk, bool &res_flat, bool &res_not_flat, bool &res_not_null_free, bool &res_atomic);
 
   template <class T1, class T2> static bool is_java_subtype_of_helper_for_instance(const T1* this_one, const T2* other, bool this_exact, bool other_exact);
   template <class T1, class T2> static bool is_same_java_type_as_helper_for_instance(const T1* this_one, const T2* other);
@@ -1249,15 +1309,15 @@ class TypePtr : public Type {
   template <class T1, class T2> static bool is_meet_subtype_of_helper_for_instance(const T1* this_one, const T2* other, bool this_xk, bool other_xk);
   template <class T1, class T2> static bool is_meet_subtype_of_helper_for_array(const T1* this_one, const T2* other, bool this_xk, bool other_xk);
 public:
-  const int _offset;            // Offset into oop, with TOP & BOT
+  const Offset _offset;         // Offset into oop, with TOP & BOT
   const PTR _ptr;               // Pointer equivalence class
   const relocInfo::relocType _reloc;
 
-  int offset() const { return _offset; }
+  int offset() const { return _offset.get(); }
   PTR ptr()    const { return _ptr; }
   relocInfo::relocType reloc() const { return _reloc; }
 
-  static const TypePtr *make(TYPES t, PTR ptr, int offset,
+  static const TypePtr* make(TYPES t, PTR ptr, Offset offset,
                              const TypePtr* speculative = nullptr,
                              int inline_depth = InlineDepthBottom,
                              relocInfo::relocType reloc = relocInfo::none);
@@ -1267,9 +1327,10 @@ class TypePtr : public Type {
 
   virtual intptr_t get_con() const;
 
-  int xadd_offset( intptr_t offset ) const;
+  Type::Offset xadd_offset(intptr_t offset) const;
   virtual const TypePtr* add_offset(intptr_t offset) const;
   virtual const TypePtr* with_offset(intptr_t offset) const;
+  virtual int flat_offset() const { return offset(); }
   virtual bool eq(const Type *t) const;
   virtual uint hash() const;             // Type specific hashing
 
@@ -1277,8 +1338,8 @@ class TypePtr : public Type {
   virtual bool empty(void) const;        // TRUE if type is vacuous
   virtual const Type *xmeet( const Type *t ) const;
   virtual const Type *xmeet_helper( const Type *t ) const;
-  int meet_offset( int offset ) const;
-  int dual_offset( ) const;
+  Offset meet_offset(int offset) const;
+  Offset dual_offset() const;
   virtual const Type *xdual() const;    // Compute dual right now.
 
   // meet, dual and join over pointer equivalence sets
@@ -1306,6 +1367,23 @@ class TypePtr : public Type {
 
   virtual bool maybe_null() const { return meet_ptr(Null) == ptr(); }
 
+  NOT_PRODUCT(static void dump_flat_in_array(FlatInArray flat_in_array, outputStream* st);)
+
+  static FlatInArray compute_flat_in_array(ciInstanceKlass* instance_klass, bool is_exact);
+
+  static FlatInArray compute_flat_in_array_if_unknown(ciInstanceKlass* instance_klass, bool is_exact,
+                                                      FlatInArray old_flat_in_array);
+
+  virtual bool can_be_inline_type() const { return false; }
+  virtual bool is_flat_in_array()     const { return flat_in_array() == Flat; }
+  virtual bool is_not_flat_in_array() const { return flat_in_array() == NotFlat; }
+  virtual FlatInArray flat_in_array() const { return NotFlat; }
+  virtual bool is_flat()            const { return false; }
+  virtual bool is_not_flat()        const { return false; }
+  virtual bool is_null_free()       const { return false; }
+  virtual bool is_not_null_free()   const { return false; }
+  virtual bool is_atomic()          const { return false; }
+
   // Tests for relation to centerline of type lattice:
   static bool above_centerline(PTR ptr) { return (ptr <= AnyNull); }
   static bool below_centerline(PTR ptr) { return (ptr >= NotNull); }
@@ -1323,7 +1401,7 @@ class TypePtr : public Type {
 // include the stack pointer, top of heap, card-marking area, handles, etc.
 class TypeRawPtr : public TypePtr {
 protected:
-  TypeRawPtr(PTR ptr, address bits, relocInfo::relocType reloc) : TypePtr(RawPtr, ptr, 0, reloc), _bits(bits){}
+  TypeRawPtr(PTR ptr, address bits, relocInfo::relocType reloc) : TypePtr(RawPtr, ptr, Offset(0), reloc), _bits(bits){}
 public:
   virtual bool eq( const Type *t ) const;
   virtual uint hash() const;    // Type specific hashing
@@ -1359,7 +1437,7 @@ class TypeOopPtr : public TypePtr {
   friend class TypeInstPtr;
   friend class TypeAryPtr;
 protected:
- TypeOopPtr(TYPES t, PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces, bool xk, ciObject* o, int offset, int instance_id,
+ TypeOopPtr(TYPES t, PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces, bool xk, ciObject* o, Offset offset, Offset field_offset, int instance_id,
             const TypePtr* speculative, int inline_depth);
 public:
   virtual bool eq( const Type *t ) const;
@@ -1383,6 +1461,7 @@ class TypeOopPtr : public TypePtr {
   bool          _is_ptr_to_narrowoop;
   bool          _is_ptr_to_narrowklass;
   bool          _is_ptr_to_boxed_value;
+  bool          _is_ptr_to_strict_final_field;
 
   // If not InstanceTop or InstanceBot, indicates that this is
   // a particular instance of this type which is distinct.
@@ -1400,7 +1479,7 @@ class TypeOopPtr : public TypePtr {
   virtual const Type *filter_helper(const Type *kills, bool include_speculative) const;
 
   virtual ciKlass* exact_klass_helper() const { return nullptr; }
-  virtual ciKlass* klass() const { return _klass;     }
+  virtual ciKlass* klass() const { return _klass; }
 
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   void dump_instance_id(outputStream* st) const;
@@ -1451,7 +1530,7 @@ class TypeOopPtr : public TypePtr {
                                               bool require_constant = false);
 
   // Make a generic (unclassed) pointer to an oop.
-  static const TypeOopPtr* make(PTR ptr, int offset, int instance_id,
+  static const TypeOopPtr* make(PTR ptr, Offset offset, int instance_id,
                                 const TypePtr* speculative = nullptr,
                                 int inline_depth = InlineDepthBottom);
 
@@ -1468,9 +1547,22 @@ class TypeOopPtr : public TypePtr {
   bool is_ptr_to_narrowoop_nv() const { return _is_ptr_to_narrowoop; }
   bool is_ptr_to_narrowklass_nv() const { return _is_ptr_to_narrowklass; }
   bool is_ptr_to_boxed_value()   const { return _is_ptr_to_boxed_value; }
+  bool is_ptr_to_strict_final_field() const { return _is_ptr_to_strict_final_field; }
   bool is_known_instance()       const { return _instance_id > 0; }
   int  instance_id()             const { return _instance_id; }
-  bool is_known_instance_field() const { return is_known_instance() && _offset >= 0; }
+  bool is_known_instance_field() const { return is_known_instance() && _offset.get() >= 0; }
+  bool same_instance_as(const TypeOopPtr* t) const {
+    assert(is_known_instance() || t->is_known_instance(), "known instance expected");
+    // Once EA has run, some node's TypeOopPtrs are assigned a "known instance" instance_id. Others are left with
+    // an unknown instance instance_id: InstanceBot. The nodes with InstanceBot are from any instance other than the
+    // ones that are known, that is, InstanceBot and "known instance" instance_ids don't alias. As a consequence,
+    // comparing an InstanceBot type with a known instance type is valid and this method correctly returns false in that
+    // case.
+    return instance_id() == t->instance_id();
+  }
+
+  virtual bool can_be_inline_type() const { return (_klass == nullptr || _klass->can_be_inline_klass(_klass_is_exact)); }
+  virtual bool can_be_inline_array() const { ShouldNotReachHere(); return false; }
 
   virtual intptr_t get_con() const;
 
@@ -1533,11 +1625,14 @@ class TypeOopPtr : public TypePtr {
 // Class of Java object pointers, pointing either to non-array Java instances
 // or to a Klass* (including array klasses).
 class TypeInstPtr : public TypeOopPtr {
-  TypeInstPtr(PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces, bool xk, ciObject* o, int off, int instance_id,
-              const TypePtr* speculative, int inline_depth);
+  // Can this instance be in a flat array?
+  FlatInArray _flat_in_array;
+
+  TypeInstPtr(PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces, bool xk, ciObject* o, Offset offset,
+              FlatInArray flat_in_array, int instance_id, const TypePtr* speculative,
+              int inline_depth);
   virtual bool eq( const Type *t ) const;
   virtual uint hash() const;             // Type specific hashing
-
   ciKlass* exact_klass_helper() const;
 
 public:
@@ -1556,41 +1651,44 @@ class TypeInstPtr : public TypeOopPtr {
   static const TypeInstPtr *make(ciObject* o) {
     ciKlass* k = o->klass();
     const TypeInterfaces* interfaces = TypePtr::interfaces(k, true, false, false, ignore_interfaces);
-    return make(TypePtr::Constant, k, interfaces, true, o, 0, InstanceBot);
+    return make(TypePtr::Constant, k, interfaces, true, o, Offset(0));
   }
   // Make a pointer to a constant oop with offset.
-  static const TypeInstPtr *make(ciObject* o, int offset) {
+  static const TypeInstPtr *make(ciObject* o, Offset offset) {
     ciKlass* k = o->klass();
     const TypeInterfaces* interfaces = TypePtr::interfaces(k, true, false, false, ignore_interfaces);
-    return make(TypePtr::Constant, k, interfaces, true, o, offset, InstanceBot);
+    return make(TypePtr::Constant, k, interfaces, true, o, offset);
   }
 
   // Make a pointer to some value of type klass.
   static const TypeInstPtr *make(PTR ptr, ciKlass* klass, InterfaceHandling interface_handling = ignore_interfaces) {
     const TypeInterfaces* interfaces = TypePtr::interfaces(klass, true, true, false, interface_handling);
-    return make(ptr, klass, interfaces, false, nullptr, 0, InstanceBot);
+    return make(ptr, klass, interfaces, false, nullptr, Offset(0));
   }
 
   // Make a pointer to some non-polymorphic value of exactly type klass.
   static const TypeInstPtr *make_exact(PTR ptr, ciKlass* klass) {
     const TypeInterfaces* interfaces = TypePtr::interfaces(klass, true, false, false, ignore_interfaces);
-    return make(ptr, klass, interfaces, true, nullptr, 0, InstanceBot);
+    return make(ptr, klass, interfaces, true, nullptr, Offset(0));
   }
 
   // Make a pointer to some value of type klass with offset.
-  static const TypeInstPtr *make(PTR ptr, ciKlass* klass, int offset) {
+  static const TypeInstPtr *make(PTR ptr, ciKlass* klass, Offset offset) {
     const TypeInterfaces* interfaces = TypePtr::interfaces(klass, true, false, false, ignore_interfaces);
-    return make(ptr, klass, interfaces, false, nullptr, offset, InstanceBot);
+    return make(ptr, klass, interfaces, false, nullptr, offset);
   }
 
-  static const TypeInstPtr *make(PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces, bool xk, ciObject* o, int offset,
+  // Make a pointer to an oop.
+  static const TypeInstPtr* make(PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces, bool xk, ciObject* o, Offset offset,
+                                 FlatInArray flat_in_array = Uninitialized,
                                  int instance_id = InstanceBot,
                                  const TypePtr* speculative = nullptr,
                                  int inline_depth = InlineDepthBottom);
 
-  static const TypeInstPtr *make(PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, bool xk, ciObject* o, int offset, int instance_id = InstanceBot) {
+  static const TypeInstPtr *make(PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, bool xk, ciObject* o, Offset offset, int instance_id = InstanceBot,
+                                 FlatInArray flat_in_array = Uninitialized) {
     const TypeInterfaces* interfaces = TypePtr::interfaces(k, true, false, false, ignore_interfaces);
-    return make(ptr, k, interfaces, xk, o, offset, instance_id);
+    return make(ptr, k, interfaces, xk, o, offset, flat_in_array, instance_id);
   }
 
   // If this is a java.lang.Class constant, return the type for it or null.
@@ -1604,6 +1702,7 @@ class TypeInstPtr : public TypeOopPtr {
 
   virtual const TypeInstPtr* cast_to_instance_id(int instance_id) const;
 
+  virtual bool empty() const;
   virtual const TypePtr* add_offset(intptr_t offset) const;
   virtual const TypeInstPtr* with_offset(intptr_t offset) const;
 
@@ -1613,6 +1712,14 @@ class TypeInstPtr : public TypeOopPtr {
   virtual const TypePtr* with_inline_depth(int depth) const;
   virtual const TypePtr* with_instance_id(int instance_id) const;
 
+  virtual const TypeInstPtr* cast_to_flat_in_array() const;
+  virtual const TypeInstPtr* cast_to_maybe_flat_in_array() const;
+  virtual FlatInArray flat_in_array() const { return _flat_in_array; }
+
+  FlatInArray dual_flat_in_array() const {
+    return flat_in_array_dual[_flat_in_array];
+  }
+
   // the core of the computation of the meet of 2 types
   virtual const Type *xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const;
   virtual const TypeInstPtr *xmeet_unloaded(const TypeInstPtr *tinst, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces) const;
@@ -1620,6 +1727,8 @@ class TypeInstPtr : public TypeOopPtr {
 
   const TypeKlassPtr* as_klass_type(bool try_for_exact = false) const;
 
+  virtual bool can_be_inline_array() const;
+
   // Convenience common pre-built types.
   static const TypeInstPtr *NOTNULL;
   static const TypeInstPtr *BOTTOM;
@@ -1644,21 +1753,23 @@ class TypeInstPtr : public TypeOopPtr {
 class TypeAryPtr : public TypeOopPtr {
   friend class Type;
   friend class TypePtr;
+  friend class TypeInstPtr;
   friend class TypeInterfaces;
 
-  TypeAryPtr( PTR ptr, ciObject* o, const TypeAry *ary, ciKlass* k, bool xk,
-              int offset, int instance_id, bool is_autobox_cache,
-              const TypePtr* speculative, int inline_depth)
-    : TypeOopPtr(AryPtr,ptr,k,_array_interfaces,xk,o,offset, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth),
+  TypeAryPtr(PTR ptr, ciObject* o, const TypeAry *ary, ciKlass* k, bool xk,
+             Offset offset, Offset field_offset, int instance_id, bool is_autobox_cache,
+             const TypePtr* speculative, int inline_depth)
+    : TypeOopPtr(AryPtr, ptr, k, _array_interfaces, xk, o, offset, field_offset, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth),
     _ary(ary),
-    _is_autobox_cache(is_autobox_cache)
+    _is_autobox_cache(is_autobox_cache),
+    _field_offset(field_offset)
  {
     int dummy;
     bool top_or_bottom = (base_element_type(dummy) == Type::TOP || base_element_type(dummy) == Type::BOTTOM);
 
     if (UseCompressedOops && (elem()->make_oopptr() != nullptr && !top_or_bottom) &&
-        _offset != 0 && _offset != arrayOopDesc::length_offset_in_bytes() &&
-        _offset != arrayOopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()) {
+        _offset.get() != 0 && _offset.get() != arrayOopDesc::length_offset_in_bytes() &&
+        _offset.get() != arrayOopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes()) {
       _is_ptr_to_narrowoop = true;
     }
 
@@ -1667,6 +1778,12 @@ class TypeAryPtr : public TypeOopPtr {
   virtual uint hash() const;    // Type specific hashing
   const TypeAry *_ary;          // Array we point into
   const bool     _is_autobox_cache;
+  // For flat inline type arrays, each field of the inline type in
+  // the array has its own memory slice so we need to keep track of
+  // which field is accessed
+  const Offset _field_offset;
+  Offset meet_field_offset(const Type::Offset offset) const;
+  Offset dual_field_offset() const;
 
   ciKlass* compute_klass() const;
 
@@ -1694,17 +1811,27 @@ class TypeAryPtr : public TypeOopPtr {
   const TypeInt* size() const { return _ary->_size; }
   bool      is_stable() const { return _ary->_stable; }
 
+  // Inline type array properties
+  bool is_flat()          const { return _ary->_flat; }
+  bool is_not_flat()      const { return _ary->_not_flat; }
+  bool is_null_free()     const { return _ary->_elem->make_ptr() != nullptr && (_ary->_elem->make_ptr()->ptr() == NotNull || _ary->_elem->make_ptr()->ptr() == AnyNull); }
+  bool is_not_null_free() const { return _ary->_not_null_free; }
+  bool is_atomic()        const { return _ary->_atomic; }
+
   bool is_autobox_cache() const { return _is_autobox_cache; }
 
-  static const TypeAryPtr *make(PTR ptr, const TypeAry *ary, ciKlass* k, bool xk, int offset,
+  static const TypeAryPtr* make(PTR ptr, const TypeAry *ary, ciKlass* k, bool xk, Offset offset,
+                                Offset field_offset = Offset::bottom,
                                 int instance_id = InstanceBot,
                                 const TypePtr* speculative = nullptr,
                                 int inline_depth = InlineDepthBottom);
   // Constant pointer to array
-  static const TypeAryPtr *make(PTR ptr, ciObject* o, const TypeAry *ary, ciKlass* k, bool xk, int offset,
+  static const TypeAryPtr* make(PTR ptr, ciObject* o, const TypeAry *ary, ciKlass* k, bool xk, Offset offset,
+                                Offset field_offset = Offset::bottom,
                                 int instance_id = InstanceBot,
                                 const TypePtr* speculative = nullptr,
-                                int inline_depth = InlineDepthBottom, bool is_autobox_cache = false);
+                                int inline_depth = InlineDepthBottom,
+                                bool is_autobox_cache = false);
 
   // Return a 'ptr' version of this type
   virtual const TypeAryPtr* cast_to_ptr_type(PTR ptr) const;
@@ -1723,6 +1850,7 @@ class TypeAryPtr : public TypeOopPtr {
 
   // Speculative type helper methods.
   virtual const TypeAryPtr* remove_speculative() const;
+  virtual const Type* cleanup_speculative() const;
   virtual const TypePtr* with_inline_depth(int depth) const;
   virtual const TypePtr* with_instance_id(int instance_id) const;
 
@@ -1730,26 +1858,47 @@ class TypeAryPtr : public TypeOopPtr {
   virtual const Type *xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const;
   virtual const Type *xdual() const;    // Compute dual right now.
 
+  // Inline type array properties
+  const TypeAryPtr* cast_to_flat(bool flat) const;
+  const TypeAryPtr* cast_to_not_flat(bool not_flat = true) const;
+  const TypeAryPtr* cast_to_null_free(bool null_free) const;
+  const TypeAryPtr* cast_to_not_null_free(bool not_null_free = true) const;
+  const TypeAryPtr* update_properties(const TypeAryPtr* new_type) const;
+  jint flat_layout_helper() const;
+  int flat_elem_size() const;
+  int flat_log_elem_size() const;
+  jint max_flat_elements() const;
+
   const TypeAryPtr* cast_to_stable(bool stable, int stable_dimension = 1) const;
   int stable_dimension() const;
 
   const TypeAryPtr* cast_to_autobox_cache() const;
 
-  static jint max_array_length(BasicType etype) ;
+  static jint max_array_length(BasicType etype);
+
+  int flat_offset() const;
+  const Offset field_offset() const { return _field_offset; }
+  const TypeAryPtr* with_field_offset(int offset) const;
+  const TypePtr* add_field_offset_and_offset(intptr_t offset) const;
+
+  virtual bool can_be_inline_type() const { return false; }
   virtual const TypeKlassPtr* as_klass_type(bool try_for_exact = false) const;
 
+  virtual bool can_be_inline_array() const;
+
   // Convenience common pre-built types.
   static const TypeAryPtr* BOTTOM;
-  static const TypeAryPtr* RANGE;
-  static const TypeAryPtr* OOPS;
-  static const TypeAryPtr* NARROWOOPS;
-  static const TypeAryPtr* BYTES;
-  static const TypeAryPtr* SHORTS;
-  static const TypeAryPtr* CHARS;
-  static const TypeAryPtr* INTS;
-  static const TypeAryPtr* LONGS;
-  static const TypeAryPtr* FLOATS;
-  static const TypeAryPtr* DOUBLES;
+  static const TypeAryPtr *RANGE;
+  static const TypeAryPtr *OOPS;
+  static const TypeAryPtr *NARROWOOPS;
+  static const TypeAryPtr *BYTES;
+  static const TypeAryPtr *SHORTS;
+  static const TypeAryPtr *CHARS;
+  static const TypeAryPtr *INTS;
+  static const TypeAryPtr *LONGS;
+  static const TypeAryPtr *FLOATS;
+  static const TypeAryPtr *DOUBLES;
+  static const TypeAryPtr *INLINES;
   // selects one of the above:
   static const TypeAryPtr *get_array_body_type(BasicType elem) {
     assert((uint)elem <= T_CONFLICT && _array_body_type[elem] != nullptr, "bad elem type");
@@ -1768,7 +1917,7 @@ class TypeAryPtr : public TypeOopPtr {
 // Some kind of metadata, either Method*, MethodData* or CPCacheOop
 class TypeMetadataPtr : public TypePtr {
 protected:
-  TypeMetadataPtr(PTR ptr, ciMetadata* metadata, int offset);
+  TypeMetadataPtr(PTR ptr, ciMetadata* metadata, Offset offset);
   // Do not allow interface-vs.-noninterface joins to collapse to top.
   virtual const Type *filter_helper(const Type *kills, bool include_speculative) const;
 public:
@@ -1780,7 +1929,7 @@ class TypeMetadataPtr : public TypePtr {
   ciMetadata*   _metadata;
 
 public:
-  static const TypeMetadataPtr* make(PTR ptr, ciMetadata* m, int offset);
+  static const TypeMetadataPtr* make(PTR ptr, ciMetadata* m, Offset offset);
 
   static const TypeMetadataPtr* make(ciMethod* m);
   static const TypeMetadataPtr* make(ciMethodData* m);
@@ -1811,7 +1960,7 @@ class TypeKlassPtr : public TypePtr {
   friend class TypeAryKlassPtr;
   friend class TypePtr;
 protected:
-  TypeKlassPtr(TYPES t, PTR ptr, ciKlass* klass, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces, int offset);
+  TypeKlassPtr(TYPES t, PTR ptr, ciKlass* klass, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces, Offset offset);
 
   virtual const Type *filter_helper(const Type *kills, bool include_speculative) const;
 
@@ -1850,7 +1999,6 @@ class TypeKlassPtr : public TypePtr {
   virtual bool klass_is_exact()    const { return _ptr == Constant; }
 
   static const TypeKlassPtr* make(ciKlass* klass, InterfaceHandling interface_handling = ignore_interfaces);
-  static const TypeKlassPtr *make(PTR ptr, ciKlass* klass, int offset, InterfaceHandling interface_handling = ignore_interfaces);
 
   virtual bool  is_loaded() const { return _klass->is_loaded(); }
 
@@ -1859,7 +2007,9 @@ class TypeKlassPtr : public TypePtr {
   virtual const TypeKlassPtr *cast_to_exactness(bool klass_is_exact) const { ShouldNotReachHere(); return nullptr; }
 
   // corresponding pointer to instance, for a given class
-  virtual const TypeOopPtr* as_instance_type(bool klass_change = true) const { ShouldNotReachHere(); return nullptr; }
+  virtual const TypeOopPtr* as_exact_instance_type(bool klass_change = true) const { ShouldNotReachHere(); return nullptr; }
+  // corresponding pointer to instances which subtype a given class
+  virtual const TypeOopPtr* as_subtype_instance_type(bool klass_change = true) const = 0;
 
   virtual const TypePtr *add_offset( intptr_t offset ) const { ShouldNotReachHere(); return nullptr; }
   virtual const Type    *xmeet( const Type *t ) const { ShouldNotReachHere(); return nullptr; }
@@ -1869,6 +2019,8 @@ class TypeKlassPtr : public TypePtr {
 
   virtual const TypeKlassPtr* with_offset(intptr_t offset) const { ShouldNotReachHere(); return nullptr; }
 
+  virtual bool can_be_inline_array() const { ShouldNotReachHere(); return false; }
+
   virtual const TypeKlassPtr* try_improve() const { return this; }
 
 private:
@@ -1899,9 +2051,12 @@ class TypeKlassPtr : public TypePtr {
 
 // Instance klass pointer, mirrors TypeInstPtr
 class TypeInstKlassPtr : public TypeKlassPtr {
+  // Can an instance of this class be in a flat array?
+  const FlatInArray _flat_in_array;
 
-  TypeInstKlassPtr(PTR ptr, ciKlass* klass, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces, int offset)
-    : TypeKlassPtr(InstKlassPtr, ptr, klass, interfaces, offset) {
+  TypeInstKlassPtr(PTR ptr, ciKlass* klass, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces, Offset offset, FlatInArray flat_in_array)
+    : TypeKlassPtr(InstKlassPtr, ptr, klass, interfaces, offset), _flat_in_array(flat_in_array) {
+    assert(flat_in_array != Uninitialized, "must be set now");
     assert(klass->is_instance_klass() && (!klass->is_loaded() || !klass->is_interface()), "");
   }
 
@@ -1920,26 +2075,33 @@ class TypeInstKlassPtr : public TypeKlassPtr {
   bool is_java_subtype_of_helper(const TypeKlassPtr* other, bool this_exact, bool other_exact) const;
   bool maybe_java_subtype_of_helper(const TypeKlassPtr* other, bool this_exact, bool other_exact) const;
 
+  virtual bool can_be_inline_type() const { return (_klass == nullptr || _klass->can_be_inline_klass(klass_is_exact())); }
+
   static const TypeInstKlassPtr *make(ciKlass* k, InterfaceHandling interface_handling) {
     const TypeInterfaces* interfaces = TypePtr::interfaces(k, true, true, false, interface_handling);
-    return make(TypePtr::Constant, k, interfaces, 0);
+    return make(TypePtr::Constant, k, interfaces, Offset(0));
   }
-  static const TypeInstKlassPtr* make(PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces, int offset);
 
-  static const TypeInstKlassPtr* make(PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, int offset) {
+  static const TypeInstKlassPtr* make(PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces, Offset offset,
+                                      FlatInArray flat_in_array = Uninitialized);
+
+  static const TypeInstKlassPtr* make(PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, Offset offset, FlatInArray flat_in_array = Uninitialized) {
     const TypeInterfaces* interfaces = TypePtr::interfaces(k, true, false, false, ignore_interfaces);
-    return make(ptr, k, interfaces, offset);
+    return make(ptr, k, interfaces, offset, flat_in_array);
   }
 
   virtual const TypeInstKlassPtr* cast_to_ptr_type(PTR ptr) const;
 
-  virtual const TypeKlassPtr *cast_to_exactness(bool klass_is_exact) const;
+  virtual const TypeInstKlassPtr *cast_to_exactness(bool klass_is_exact) const;
 
   // corresponding pointer to instance, for a given class
-  virtual const TypeOopPtr* as_instance_type(bool klass_change = true) const;
+  virtual const TypeInstPtr* as_exact_instance_type(bool klass_change = true) const;
+  virtual const TypeInstPtr* as_subtype_instance_type(bool klass_change = true) const;
   virtual uint hash() const;
   virtual bool eq(const Type *t) const;
 
+
+  virtual bool empty() const;
   virtual const TypePtr *add_offset( intptr_t offset ) const;
   virtual const Type    *xmeet( const Type *t ) const;
   virtual const Type    *xdual() const;
@@ -1947,6 +2109,14 @@ class TypeInstKlassPtr : public TypeKlassPtr {
 
   virtual const TypeKlassPtr* try_improve() const;
 
+  virtual FlatInArray flat_in_array() const { return _flat_in_array; }
+
+  FlatInArray dual_flat_in_array() const {
+    return flat_in_array_dual[_flat_in_array];
+  }
+
+  virtual bool can_be_inline_array() const;
+
   // Convenience common pre-built types.
   static const TypeInstKlassPtr* OBJECT; // Not-null object klass or below
   static const TypeInstKlassPtr* OBJECT_OR_NULL; // Maybe-null version of same
@@ -1966,11 +2136,17 @@ class TypeAryKlassPtr : public TypeKlassPtr {
   friend class TypePtr;
 
   const Type *_elem;
+  const bool _not_flat;      // Array is never flat
+  const bool _not_null_free; // Array is never null-free
+  const bool _flat;
+  const bool _null_free;
+  const bool _atomic;
+  const bool _refined_type;
 
   static const TypeInterfaces* _array_interfaces;
-  TypeAryKlassPtr(PTR ptr, const Type *elem, ciKlass* klass, int offset)
-    : TypeKlassPtr(AryKlassPtr, ptr, klass, _array_interfaces, offset), _elem(elem) {
-    assert(klass == nullptr || klass->is_type_array_klass() || !klass->as_obj_array_klass()->base_element_klass()->is_interface(), "");
+  TypeAryKlassPtr(PTR ptr, const Type *elem, ciKlass* klass, Offset offset, bool not_flat, bool not_null_free, bool flat, bool null_free, bool atomic, bool refined_type)
+    : TypeKlassPtr(AryKlassPtr, ptr, klass, _array_interfaces, offset), _elem(elem), _not_flat(not_flat), _not_null_free(not_null_free), _flat(flat), _null_free(null_free), _atomic(atomic), _refined_type(refined_type) {
+    assert(klass == nullptr || klass->is_type_array_klass() || klass->is_flat_array_klass() || !klass->as_obj_array_klass()->base_element_klass()->is_interface(), "");
   }
 
   virtual ciKlass* exact_klass_helper() const;
@@ -1979,12 +2155,36 @@ class TypeAryKlassPtr : public TypeKlassPtr {
 
   virtual bool must_be_exact() const;
 
+  bool dual_flat() const {
+    return _flat;
+  }
+
+  bool meet_flat(bool other) const {
+    return _flat && other;
+  }
+
+  bool dual_null_free() const {
+    return _null_free;
+  }
+
+  bool meet_null_free(bool other) const {
+    return _null_free && other;
+  }
+
+  bool dual_atomic() const {
+    return _atomic;
+  }
+
+  bool meet_atomic(bool other) const {
+    return _atomic && other;
+  }
+
 public:
 
   // returns base element type, an instance klass (and not interface) for object arrays
   const Type* base_element_type(int& dims) const;
 
-  static const TypeAryKlassPtr *make(PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, int offset, InterfaceHandling interface_handling);
+  static const TypeAryKlassPtr* make(PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, Offset offset, InterfaceHandling interface_handling, bool not_flat, bool not_null_free, bool flat, bool null_free, bool atomic, bool refined_type);
 
   bool is_same_java_type_as_helper(const TypeKlassPtr* other) const;
   bool is_java_subtype_of_helper(const TypeKlassPtr* other, bool this_exact, bool other_exact) const;
@@ -1992,9 +2192,13 @@ class TypeAryKlassPtr : public TypeKlassPtr {
 
   bool  is_loaded() const { return (_elem->isa_klassptr() ? _elem->is_klassptr()->is_loaded() : true); }
 
-  static const TypeAryKlassPtr *make(PTR ptr, const Type *elem, ciKlass* k, int offset);
+  static const TypeAryKlassPtr* make(PTR ptr, const Type* elem, ciKlass* k, Offset offset, bool not_flat, bool not_null_free, bool flat, bool null_free, bool atomic, bool refined_type);
   static const TypeAryKlassPtr* make(ciKlass* klass, InterfaceHandling interface_handling);
 
+  const TypeAryKlassPtr* cast_to_non_refined() const;
+  const TypeAryKlassPtr* cast_to_default_refined() const;
+  const TypeAryKlassPtr* cast_to_refined_array_klass_ptr(bool refined = true) const;
+
   const Type *elem() const { return _elem; }
 
   virtual bool eq(const Type *t) const;
@@ -2002,10 +2206,11 @@ class TypeAryKlassPtr : public TypeKlassPtr {
 
   virtual const TypeAryKlassPtr* cast_to_ptr_type(PTR ptr) const;
 
-  virtual const TypeKlassPtr *cast_to_exactness(bool klass_is_exact) const;
+  virtual const TypeAryKlassPtr* cast_to_exactness(bool klass_is_exact) const;
 
   // corresponding pointer to instance, for a given class
-  virtual const TypeOopPtr* as_instance_type(bool klass_change = true) const;
+  virtual const TypeAryPtr* as_exact_instance_type(bool klass_change = true) const;
+  virtual const TypeAryPtr* as_subtype_instance_type(bool klass_change = true) const;
 
   virtual const TypePtr *add_offset( intptr_t offset ) const;
   virtual const Type    *xmeet( const Type *t ) const;
@@ -2017,6 +2222,14 @@ class TypeAryKlassPtr : public TypeKlassPtr {
     return TypeKlassPtr::empty() || _elem->empty();
   }
 
+  bool is_flat()          const { return _flat; }
+  bool is_not_flat()      const { return _not_flat; }
+  bool is_null_free()     const { return _null_free; }
+  bool is_not_null_free() const { return _not_null_free; }
+  bool is_atomic()        const { return _atomic; }
+  bool is_refined_type()  const { return _refined_type; }
+  virtual bool can_be_inline_array() const;
+
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   virtual void dump2( Dict &d, uint depth, outputStream *st ) const; // Specialized per-Type dumping
 #endif
@@ -2152,14 +2365,27 @@ class TypeNarrowKlass : public TypeNarrowPtr {
 //------------------------------TypeFunc---------------------------------------
 // Class of Array Types
 class TypeFunc : public Type {
-  TypeFunc( const TypeTuple *domain, const TypeTuple *range ) : Type(Function),  _domain(domain), _range(range) {}
+  TypeFunc(const TypeTuple *domain_sig, const TypeTuple* domain_cc, const TypeTuple* range_sig, const TypeTuple* range_cc, bool scalarized_return)
+    : Type(Function), _domain_sig(domain_sig), _domain_cc(domain_cc), _range_sig(range_sig), _range_cc(range_cc), _scalarized_return(scalarized_return) {}
   virtual bool eq( const Type *t ) const;
   virtual uint hash() const;             // Type specific hashing
   virtual bool singleton(void) const;    // TRUE if type is a singleton
   virtual bool empty(void) const;        // TRUE if type is vacuous
 
-  const TypeTuple* const _domain;     // Domain of inputs
-  const TypeTuple* const _range;      // Range of results
+  // Domains of inputs: inline type arguments are not passed by
+  // reference, instead each field of the inline type is passed as an
+  // argument. We maintain 2 views of the argument list here: one
+  // based on the signature (with an inline type argument as a single
+  // slot), one based on the actual calling convention (with a value
+  // type argument as a list of its fields).
+  const TypeTuple* const _domain_sig;
+  const TypeTuple* const _domain_cc;
+  // Range of results. Similar to domains: an inline type result can be
+  // returned in registers in which case range_cc lists all fields and
+  // is the actual calling convention.
+  const TypeTuple* const _range_sig;
+  const TypeTuple* const _range_cc;
+  const bool _scalarized_return;
 
 public:
   // Constants are shared among ADLC and VM
@@ -2173,11 +2399,15 @@ class TypeFunc : public Type {
 
 
   // Accessors:
-  const TypeTuple* domain() const { return _domain; }
-  const TypeTuple* range()  const { return _range; }
-
-  static const TypeFunc *make(ciMethod* method);
-  static const TypeFunc *make(ciSignature signature, const Type* extra);
+  const TypeTuple* domain_sig() const { return _domain_sig; }
+  const TypeTuple* domain_cc()  const { return _domain_cc; }
+  const TypeTuple* range_sig()  const { return _range_sig; }
+  const TypeTuple* range_cc()   const { return _range_cc; }
+
+  static const TypeFunc* make(ciMethod* method, bool is_call = true, bool is_osr_compilation = false);
+  static const TypeFunc *make(const TypeTuple* domain_sig, const TypeTuple* domain_cc,
+                              const TypeTuple* range_sig, const TypeTuple* range_cc,
+                              bool scalarized_return = false);
   static const TypeFunc *make(const TypeTuple* domain, const TypeTuple* range);
 
   virtual const Type *xmeet( const Type *t ) const;
@@ -2185,6 +2415,12 @@ class TypeFunc : public Type {
 
   BasicType return_type() const;
 
+  bool returns_inline_type_as_fields() const {
+    // First condition is not sufficient because returned value class can be empty
+    assert(_range_sig == _range_cc || _scalarized_return, "Only possible with scalarized return");
+    return _scalarized_return;
+  }
+
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   virtual void dump2( Dict &d, uint depth, outputStream *st ) const; // Specialized per-Type dumping
 #endif
@@ -2461,6 +2697,14 @@ inline bool Type::is_floatingpoint() const {
   return false;
 }
 
+inline bool Type::is_inlinetypeptr() const {
+  return isa_instptr() != nullptr && is_instptr()->instance_klass()->is_inlinetype();
+}
+
+inline ciInlineKlass* Type::inline_klass() const {
+  return make_ptr()->is_instptr()->instance_klass()->as_inline_klass();
+}
+
 template <>
 inline const TypeInt* Type::cast<TypeInt>() const {
   return is_int();
@@ -2506,6 +2750,7 @@ inline const TypeLong* Type::try_cast<TypeLong>() const {
 #define AndXNode     AndLNode
 #define OrXNode      OrLNode
 #define CmpXNode     CmpLNode
+#define CmpUXNode    CmpULNode
 #define SubXNode     SubLNode
 #define LShiftXNode  LShiftLNode
 // For object size computation:
@@ -2524,6 +2769,7 @@ inline const TypeLong* Type::try_cast<TypeLong>() const {
 #define Op_XorX      Op_XorL
 #define Op_URShiftX  Op_URShiftL
 #define Op_LoadX     Op_LoadL
+#define Op_StoreX    Op_StoreL
 // conversions
 #define ConvI2X(x)   ConvI2L(x)
 #define ConvL2X(x)   (x)
@@ -2552,6 +2798,7 @@ inline const TypeLong* Type::try_cast<TypeLong>() const {
 #define AndXNode     AndINode
 #define OrXNode      OrINode
 #define CmpXNode     CmpINode
+#define CmpUXNode    CmpUNode
 #define SubXNode     SubINode
 #define LShiftXNode  LShiftINode
 // For object size computation:
@@ -2570,6 +2817,7 @@ inline const TypeLong* Type::try_cast<TypeLong>() const {
 #define Op_XorX      Op_XorI
 #define Op_URShiftX  Op_URShiftI
 #define Op_LoadX     Op_LoadI
+#define Op_StoreX    Op_StoreI
 // conversions
 #define ConvI2X(x)   (x)
 #define ConvL2X(x)   ConvL2I(x)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vector.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vector.cpp
index 8e0f6f5bf43..40dc408fe54 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vector.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vector.cpp
@@ -205,9 +205,25 @@ void PhaseVector::scalarize_vbox_node(VectorBoxNode* vec_box) {
       // Adjust JVMS from post-call to pre-call state: put args on stack
       uint nargs = call->method()->arg_size();
       kit.ensure_stack(kit.sp() + nargs);
-      for (uint i = TypeFunc::Parms; i < call->tf()->domain()->cnt(); i++) {
-        kit.push(call->in(i));
+      uint in_idx = TypeFunc::Parms;  // The index of the call input, using scalarized calling convention.
+      int parm_idx = 0;  // The index of the Java parameter: double/long take one slot
+      for (uint i = 0; i < nargs; i++) {  // The index of the argument on the JVM stack: double/long take two slots
+        const Type* arg_type = call->tf()->domain_sig()->field_at(TypeFunc::Parms + i);
+        if (arg_type->is_inlinetypeptr() && !call->method()->mismatch() && call->method()->is_scalarized_arg(parm_idx)) {
+          bool nullable = arg_type->maybe_null();
+          ciInlineKlass* vk = arg_type->inline_klass();
+          InlineTypeNode* it = InlineTypeNode::make_from_multi(&kit, call, vk, in_idx, true, !nullable);
+          kit.push(gvn.transform(it));
+        } else {
+          kit.push(call->in(in_idx));
+          in_idx++;
+        }
+        if (arg_type != Type::HALF) {
+          parm_idx++;
+        }
       }
+      assert(in_idx == call->tf()->domain_cc()->cnt(), "should have processed exactly as many input as the scalarized calling convention; %d vs %d", in_idx, call->tf()->domain_cc()->cnt());
+      assert(parm_idx == (call->method()->is_static() ? 0 : 1) + call->method()->signature()->count(), "should have processed all the parameters; %d vs %d", parm_idx, (call->method()->is_static() ? 0 : 1) + call->method()->signature()->count());
       jvms = kit.sync_jvms();
 
       Node* new_vbox = nullptr;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/downcallLinker.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/downcallLinker.cpp
index 795e34ac04a..63eb92000a7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/downcallLinker.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/downcallLinker.cpp
@@ -32,10 +32,9 @@
 
 // keep in synch with jdk.internal.foreign.abi.CapturableState
 enum PreservableValues {
-  NONE = 0,
-  GET_LAST_ERROR = 1,
-  WSA_GET_LAST_ERROR = 1 << 1,
-  ERRNO = 1 << 2
+  GET_LAST_ERROR      = 1 << 0,
+  WSA_GET_LAST_ERROR  = 1 << 1,
+  ERRNO               = 1 << 2
 };
 
 // We call this from _thread_in_native, right before a downcall
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/foreignGlobals.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/foreignGlobals.cpp
index 3d69a91347b..ccd984b408d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/foreignGlobals.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/foreignGlobals.cpp
@@ -64,8 +64,8 @@ int StubLocations::data_offset(uint32_t loc) const {
 
 const CallRegs ForeignGlobals::parse_call_regs(jobject jconv) {
   oop conv_oop = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(jconv);
-  objArrayOop arg_regs_oop = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_CallConv::argRegs(conv_oop);
-  objArrayOop ret_regs_oop = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_CallConv::retRegs(conv_oop);
+  refArrayOop arg_regs_oop = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_CallConv::argRegs(conv_oop);
+  refArrayOop ret_regs_oop = jdk_internal_foreign_abi_CallConv::retRegs(conv_oop);
   int num_args = arg_regs_oop->length();
   int num_rets = ret_regs_oop->length();
   CallRegs result(num_args, num_rets);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/foreignGlobals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/foreignGlobals.hpp
index b94da0efe61..d00dbd3ce0e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/foreignGlobals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/foreignGlobals.hpp
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ struct CallRegs {
 class ForeignGlobals {
 private:
   template<typename T>
-  static void parse_register_array(objArrayOop jarray, StorageType type_index, GrowableArray<T>& array, T (*converter)(int));
+  static void parse_register_array(refArrayOop jarray, StorageType type_index, GrowableArray<T>& array, T (*converter)(int));
 
 public:
   static bool is_foreign_linker_supported();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/foreignGlobals.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/foreignGlobals.inline.hpp
index d983aca11cc..66de575eed1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/foreignGlobals.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/foreignGlobals.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@
 #include "oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp"
 
 template<typename T>
-void ForeignGlobals::parse_register_array(objArrayOop jarray, StorageType type_index, GrowableArray<T>& array, T (*converter)(int)) {
-  objArrayOop subarray = oop_cast<objArrayOop>(jarray->obj_at((int) type_index));
+void ForeignGlobals::parse_register_array(refArrayOop jarray, StorageType type_index, GrowableArray<T>& array, T (*converter)(int)) {
+  refArrayOop subarray = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(jarray->obj_at((int) type_index));
   int subarray_length = subarray->length();
   for (int i = 0; i < subarray_length; i++) {
     oop storage = subarray->obj_at(i);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jni.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jni.cpp
index 483b1e4e570..fa61bd74cb8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jni.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jni.cpp
@@ -50,7 +50,9 @@
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "nmt/memTracker.hpp"
 #include "oops/access.inline.hpp"
-#include "oops/arrayOop.hpp"
+#include "oops/arrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
@@ -59,9 +61,11 @@
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/symbol.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/valuePayload.inline.hpp"
 #include "prims/jniCheck.hpp"
 #include "prims/jniExport.hpp"
 #include "prims/jniFastGetField.hpp"
@@ -95,7 +99,7 @@
 #include "jfr/jfr.hpp"
 #endif
 
-static jint CurrentVersion = JNI_VERSION_24;
+static jint CurrentVersion = JNI_VERSION_28;
 
 #if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(USE_VECTORED_EXCEPTION_HANDLING)
 extern LONG WINAPI topLevelExceptionFilter(_EXCEPTION_POINTERS* );
@@ -415,8 +419,9 @@ JNI_ENTRY(jfieldID, jni_FromReflectedField(JNIEnv *env, jobject field))
   // The jfieldID is the offset of the field within the object
   // It may also have hash bits for k, if VerifyJNIFields is turned on.
   int offset = InstanceKlass::cast(k1)->field_offset( slot );
+  bool is_flat = InstanceKlass::cast(k1)->field_is_flat(slot);
   assert(InstanceKlass::cast(k1)->contains_field_offset(offset), "stay within object");
-  ret = jfieldIDWorkaround::to_instance_jfieldID(k1, offset);
+  ret = jfieldIDWorkaround::to_instance_jfieldID(k1, offset, is_flat);
   return ret;
 JNI_END
 
@@ -433,7 +438,7 @@ JNI_ENTRY(jobject, jni_ToReflectedMethod(JNIEnv *env, jclass cls, jmethodID meth
   methodHandle m (THREAD, Method::resolve_jmethod_id(method_id));
   assert(m->is_static() == (isStatic != 0), "jni_ToReflectedMethod access flags doesn't match");
   oop reflection_method;
-  if (m->is_object_initializer()) {
+  if (m->is_object_constructor()) {
     reflection_method = Reflection::new_constructor(m, CHECK_NULL);
   } else {
     // Note: Static initializers can theoretically be here, if JNI users manage
@@ -1766,7 +1771,7 @@ JNI_ENTRY(jfieldID, jni_GetFieldID(JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz,
 
   // A jfieldID for a non-static field is simply the offset of the field within the instanceOop
   // It may also have hash bits for k, if VerifyJNIFields is turned on.
-  ret = jfieldIDWorkaround::to_instance_jfieldID(k, fd.offset());
+  ret = jfieldIDWorkaround::to_instance_jfieldID(k, fd.offset(), fd.is_flat());
   return ret;
 JNI_END
 
@@ -1776,13 +1781,23 @@ JNI_ENTRY(jobject, jni_GetObjectField(JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jfieldID fieldID
   oop o = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(obj);
   Klass* k = o->klass();
   int offset = jfieldIDWorkaround::from_instance_jfieldID(k, fieldID);
+  oop res = nullptr;
   // Keep JVMTI addition small and only check enabled flag here.
   // jni_GetField_probe() assumes that is okay to create handles.
   if (JvmtiExport::should_post_field_access()) {
     o = JvmtiExport::jni_GetField_probe(thread, obj, o, k, fieldID, false);
   }
-  oop loaded_obj = HeapAccess<ON_UNKNOWN_OOP_REF>::oop_load_at(o, offset);
-  jobject ret = JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, loaded_obj);
+  if (!jfieldIDWorkaround::is_flat_jfieldID(fieldID)) {
+    res = HeapAccess<ON_UNKNOWN_OOP_REF>::oop_load_at(o, offset);
+  } else {
+    InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
+    fieldDescriptor fd;
+    bool found = ik->find_field_from_offset(offset, false, &fd);  // performance bottleneck
+    assert(found, "Field not found");
+    FlatFieldPayload payload(instanceOop(o), &fd);
+    res = payload.read(CHECK_NULL);
+  }
+  jobject ret = JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, res);
   HOTSPOT_JNI_GETOBJECTFIELD_RETURN(ret);
   return ret;
 JNI_END
@@ -1900,7 +1915,26 @@ JNI_ENTRY_NO_PRESERVE(void, jni_SetObjectField(JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jfieldI
     field_value.l = value;
     o = JvmtiExport::jni_SetField_probe(thread, obj, o, k, fieldID, false, JVM_SIGNATURE_CLASS, (jvalue *)&field_value);
   }
-  HeapAccess<ON_UNKNOWN_OOP_REF>::oop_store_at(o, offset, JNIHandles::resolve(value));
+  if (!jfieldIDWorkaround::is_flat_jfieldID(fieldID)) {
+    oop v = JNIHandles::resolve(value);
+    if (v == nullptr) {
+      InstanceKlass *ik = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
+      fieldDescriptor fd;
+      ik->find_field_from_offset(offset, false, &fd);
+      if (fd.is_null_free_inline_type()) {
+        THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), "Cannot store null in a null-restricted field");
+      }
+    }
+    HeapAccess<ON_UNKNOWN_OOP_REF>::oop_store_at(o, offset, v);
+  } else {
+    assert(k->is_instance_klass(), "Only instances can have flat fields");
+    InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
+    fieldDescriptor fd;
+    bool found = ik->find_field_from_offset(offset, false, &fd);
+    assert(found, "Field not found");
+    FlatFieldPayload payload(instanceOop(o), &fd);
+    payload.write(inlineOop(JNIHandles::resolve(value)), CHECK);
+  }
   log_debug_if_final_instance_field(thread, "SetObjectField", InstanceKlass::cast(k), offset);
   HOTSPOT_JNI_SETOBJECTFIELD_RETURN();
 JNI_END
@@ -2331,9 +2365,11 @@ JNI_ENTRY(jobject, jni_GetObjectArrayElement(JNIEnv *env, jobjectArray array, js
  HOTSPOT_JNI_GETOBJECTARRAYELEMENT_ENTRY(env, array, index);
   jobject ret = nullptr;
   DT_RETURN_MARK(GetObjectArrayElement, jobject, (const jobject&)ret);
-  objArrayOop a = objArrayOop(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(array));
+  objArrayOop a = oop_cast<objArrayOop>(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(array));
   if (a->is_within_bounds(index)) {
-    ret = JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, a->obj_at(index));
+    oop res = a->obj_at(index, CHECK_NULL);
+    assert(res != nullptr || !a->is_null_free_array(), "Invalid value");
+    ret = JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, res);
     return ret;
   } else {
     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
@@ -2350,11 +2386,13 @@ JNI_ENTRY(void, jni_SetObjectArrayElement(JNIEnv *env, jobjectArray array, jsize
  HOTSPOT_JNI_SETOBJECTARRAYELEMENT_ENTRY(env, array, index, value);
   DT_VOID_RETURN_MARK(SetObjectArrayElement);
 
-  objArrayOop a = objArrayOop(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(array));
+  objArrayOop a = oop_cast<objArrayOop>(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(array));
   oop v = JNIHandles::resolve(value);
   if (a->is_within_bounds(index)) {
+    assert(a->klass()->is_refined_objArray_klass(), "must be");
     if (v == nullptr || v->is_a(ObjArrayKlass::cast(a->klass())->element_klass())) {
-      a->obj_at_put(index, v);
+      a->obj_at_put(index, v, THREAD);
+      return;
     } else {
       ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
       stringStream ss;
@@ -2749,7 +2787,7 @@ JNI_ENTRY(jint, jni_MonitorEnter(JNIEnv *env, jobject jobj))
   }
 
   Handle obj(thread, JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(jobj));
-  ObjectSynchronizer::jni_enter(obj, thread);
+  ObjectSynchronizer::jni_enter(obj, CHECK_(JNI_ERR));
   return JNI_OK;
 JNI_END
 
@@ -2925,6 +2963,14 @@ JNI_END
 JNI_ENTRY(jweak, jni_NewWeakGlobalRef(JNIEnv *env, jobject ref))
   HOTSPOT_JNI_NEWWEAKGLOBALREF_ENTRY(env, ref);
   Handle ref_handle(thread, JNIHandles::resolve(ref));
+
+  if (!ref_handle.is_null() && ref_handle->klass()->is_inline_klass()) {
+    ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+    stringStream ss;
+    ss.print("%s is not an identity class", ref_handle->klass()->external_name());
+    THROW_MSG_(vmSymbols::java_lang_IdentityException(), ss.as_string(), nullptr);
+  }
+
   jweak ret = JNIHandles::make_weak_global(ref_handle, AllocFailStrategy::RETURN_NULL);
   if (ret == nullptr && ref_handle.not_null()) {
     THROW_OOP_(Universe::out_of_memory_error_c_heap(), nullptr);
@@ -3159,6 +3205,17 @@ JNI_ENTRY(jboolean, jni_IsVirtualThread(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj))
   return ret;
 JNI_END
 
+JNI_ENTRY(jboolean, jni_HasIdentity(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj))
+  HOTSPOT_JNI_HASIDENTITY_ENTRY(env, obj);
+  oop o = JNIHandles::resolve(obj);
+  if (o != nullptr && !o->klass()->is_inline_klass()) {
+    HOTSPOT_JNI_HASIDENTITY_RETURN(JNI_TRUE);
+    return JNI_TRUE;
+  } else {
+    HOTSPOT_JNI_HASIDENTITY_RETURN(JNI_FALSE);
+    return JNI_FALSE;
+  }
+JNI_END
 
 // Structure containing all jni functions
 struct JNINativeInterface_ jni_NativeInterface = {
@@ -3451,7 +3508,11 @@ struct JNINativeInterface_ jni_NativeInterface = {
 
     // Large UTF8 support
 
-    jni_GetStringUTFLengthAsLong
+    jni_GetStringUTFLengthAsLong,
+
+    // Value classes
+
+    jni_HasIdentity
 };
 
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jniCheck.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jniCheck.cpp
index 5f4cf10ebf4..9f497984cf2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jniCheck.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jniCheck.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -2055,6 +2055,15 @@ JNI_ENTRY_CHECKED(jboolean,
     return result;
 JNI_END
 
+JNI_ENTRY_CHECKED(jboolean,
+  checked_jni_HasIdentity(JNIEnv *env,
+                            jobject obj))
+    functionEnter(thr);
+    jboolean result = UNCHECKED()->HasIdentity(env, obj);
+    functionExit(thr);
+    return result;
+JNI_END
+
 /*
  * Structure containing all checked jni functions
  */
@@ -2348,7 +2357,11 @@ struct JNINativeInterface_  checked_jni_NativeInterface = {
 
     // Large UTF8 support
 
-    checked_jni_GetStringUTFLengthAsLong
+    checked_jni_GetStringUTFLengthAsLong,
+
+    // Value classes
+
+    checked_jni_HasIdentity
 
 };
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvm.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvm.cpp
index cc6e04a9ef0..3f0f247d454 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvm.cpp
@@ -58,13 +58,18 @@
 #include "oops/access.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/constantPool.hpp"
 #include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/recordComponent.hpp"
+#include "oops/refArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/valuePayload.inline.hpp"
 #include "prims/foreignGlobals.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvm_misc.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
@@ -422,6 +427,158 @@ JVM_ENTRY(jstring, JVM_GetTemporaryDirectory(JNIEnv *env))
   return (jstring) JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, h());
 JVM_END
 
+JVM_ENTRY(jarray, JVM_CopyOfSpecialArray(JNIEnv *env, jarray orig, jint from, jint to))
+  oop o = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(orig);
+  assert(o->is_array(), "Must be");
+  objArrayOop dest = nullptr;
+  arrayOop org = (arrayOop)o;
+  arrayHandle oh(THREAD, org);
+  ObjArrayKlass* ak = ObjArrayKlass::cast(org->klass());
+  int len = to - from;  // length of the new array
+  assert(len >= 0, "Java caller checks that from <= to");
+  int orig_length = org->length();
+  if (ak->is_null_free_array_klass()) {
+    if ((len != 0) && (from >= orig_length || to > orig_length)) {
+      THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "Copying of null-free array with uninitialized elements");
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (ak->is_flatArray_klass()) {
+    FlatArrayKlass* const fak = FlatArrayKlass::cast(org->klass());
+    dest = fak->allocate_instance(len, CHECK_NULL);
+  } else {
+    const ArrayProperties props = ArrayProperties::Default().with_null_restricted(ak->is_null_free_array_klass());
+    InlineKlass* vk = InlineKlass::cast(ak->element_klass());
+    dest = oopFactory::new_objArray(vk, len, props,  CHECK_NULL);
+  }
+
+  objArrayHandle dh(THREAD, dest);
+
+  int copy_len = MIN2(to, orig_length) - MIN2(from, orig_length);
+  if (copy_len != 0) {
+    assert(!ak->is_null_free_array_klass() || copy_len == len,
+           "Failed to throw the IllegalArgumentException");
+    ak->copy_array(oh(), from, dh(), 0, copy_len, CHECK_NULL);
+    // Null out values past the length of the copy
+    for (int i = copy_len; i < len; i++) {
+      dh()->obj_at_put(i, nullptr);
+    }
+  } else {
+    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+      assert(!dh()->is_null_free_array(), "Should have thrown an IAE above");
+      dh()->obj_at_put(i, nullptr);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return (jarray) JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, dh());
+
+JVM_END
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+static void verify_array_arguments(jclass elmClass, jint len) {
+  assert(len >= 0, "Negative array length");
+  assert(elmClass != nullptr, "Null element class");
+  oop mirror = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(elmClass);
+  Klass* klass = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(mirror);
+  assert(klass->is_inline_klass(), "Element class must be an inline class");
+}
+#endif // ASSERT
+
+JVM_ENTRY(jarray, JVM_NewNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(JNIEnv *env, jclass elmClass, jint len, jobject initVal))
+  DEBUG_ONLY(verify_array_arguments(elmClass, len));
+  oop mirror = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(elmClass);
+  Klass* klass = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(mirror);
+  oop init = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(initVal);
+  Handle init_h(THREAD, init);
+  assert(klass == init_h()->klass(), "Type mismatch between array and initial value");
+  const ArrayProperties props = ArrayProperties::Default()
+    .with_null_restricted()
+    .with_non_atomic();
+  objArrayOop array = oopFactory::new_objArray(klass, len, props, CHECK_NULL);
+  for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+    array->obj_at_put(i, init_h() /*, CHECK_NULL*/ );
+  }
+  return (jarray) JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, array);
+JVM_END
+
+JVM_ENTRY(jarray, JVM_NewNullRestrictedAtomicArray(JNIEnv *env, jclass elmClass, jint len, jobject initVal))
+  DEBUG_ONLY(verify_array_arguments(elmClass, len);)
+  oop mirror = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(elmClass);
+  Klass* klass = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(mirror);
+  oop init = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(initVal);
+  Handle init_h(THREAD, init);
+  assert(klass == init_h()->klass(), "Type mismatch between array and initial value");
+  const ArrayProperties props = ArrayProperties::Default().with_null_restricted();
+  objArrayOop array = oopFactory::new_objArray(klass, len, props, CHECK_NULL);
+  for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+    array->obj_at_put(i, init_h() /*, CHECK_NULL*/ );
+  }
+  return (jarray) JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, array);
+JVM_END
+
+JVM_ENTRY(jarray, JVM_NewNullableAtomicArray(JNIEnv *env, jclass elmClass, jint len))
+  DEBUG_ONLY(verify_array_arguments(elmClass, len);)
+  oop mirror = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(elmClass);
+  Klass* klass = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(mirror);
+  objArrayOop array = oopFactory::new_objArray(klass, len, ArrayProperties::Default(), CHECK_NULL);
+  return (jarray) JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, array);
+JVM_END
+
+JVM_ENTRY(jarray, JVM_NewReferenceArray(JNIEnv *env, jclass elmClass, jint len))
+  DEBUG_ONLY(verify_array_arguments(elmClass, len);)
+  oop mirror = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(elmClass);
+  Klass* klass = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(mirror);
+  refArrayOop array = oopFactory::new_refArray(klass, len, ArrayProperties::Default(), CHECK_NULL);
+  return (jarray) JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, array);
+JVM_END
+
+JVM_ENTRY(jboolean, JVM_IsFlatArray(JNIEnv *env, jarray array))
+  oop o = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(array);
+  Klass* klass = o->klass();
+
+  assert(klass->is_objArray_klass(), "Expects an object array");
+
+  return klass->is_flatArray_klass();
+JVM_END
+
+JVM_ENTRY(jboolean, JVM_IsNullRestrictedArray(JNIEnv *env, jarray array))
+  oop o = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(array);
+  Klass* klass = o->klass();
+
+  assert(klass->is_objArray_klass(), "Expects an object array");
+
+  return klass->is_null_free_array_klass();
+JVM_END
+
+JVM_ENTRY(jboolean, JVM_IsAtomicArray(JNIEnv *env, jarray array))
+  // There are multiple cases where an array can/must support atomic access:
+  //   - the array is a reference array
+  //   - the array uses an atomic flat layout: NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT or NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT
+  //   - the array is flat and its component type is naturally atomic
+  oop o = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(array);
+  Klass* klass = o->klass();
+
+  assert(klass->is_objArray_klass(), "Expects an object array");
+
+  if (klass->is_refArray_klass()) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  if (klass->is_flatArray_klass()) {
+    FlatArrayKlass* fak = FlatArrayKlass::cast(klass);
+    if (LayoutKindHelper::is_atomic_flat(fak->layout_kind())) {
+      return true;
+    }
+    bool is_null_free = !LayoutKindHelper::is_nullable_flat(fak->layout_kind());
+    if (fak->element_klass()->is_naturally_atomic(is_null_free)) {
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  ShouldNotReachHere();
+JVM_END
 
 // java.lang.Runtime /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
@@ -539,8 +696,8 @@ JVM_END
 
 JVM_ENTRY(void, JVM_InitStackTraceElementArray(JNIEnv *env, jobjectArray elements, jobject backtrace, jint depth))
   Handle backtraceh(THREAD, JNIHandles::resolve(backtrace));
-  objArrayOop st = objArrayOop(JNIHandles::resolve(elements));
-  objArrayHandle stack_trace(THREAD, st);
+  refArrayOop st = refArrayOop(JNIHandles::resolve(elements));
+  refArrayHandle stack_trace(THREAD, st);
   // Fill in the allocated stack trace
   java_lang_Throwable::get_stack_trace_elements(depth, backtraceh, stack_trace, CHECK);
 JVM_END
@@ -583,8 +740,8 @@ JVM_ENTRY(jobject, JVM_CallStackWalk(JNIEnv *env, jobject stackStream, jint mode
   // frames array is a ClassFrameInfo[] array when only getting caller reference,
   // and a StackFrameInfo[] array (or derivative) otherwise. It should never
   // be null.
-  objArrayOop fa = objArrayOop(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(frames));
-  objArrayHandle frames_array_h(THREAD, fa);
+  refArrayOop fa = refArrayOop(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(frames));
+  refArrayHandle frames_array_h(THREAD, fa);
 
   if (frames_array_h->length() < buffer_size) {
     THROW_MSG_(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "not enough space in buffers", nullptr);
@@ -602,8 +759,8 @@ JVM_ENTRY(jint, JVM_MoreStackWalk(JNIEnv *env, jobject stackStream, jint mode, j
   // frames array is a ClassFrameInfo[] array when only getting caller reference,
   // and a StackFrameInfo[] array (or derivative) otherwise. It should never
   // be null.
-  objArrayOop fa = objArrayOop(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(frames));
-  objArrayHandle frames_array_h(THREAD, fa);
+  refArrayOop fa = refArrayOop(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(frames));
+  refArrayHandle frames_array_h(THREAD, fa);
 
   if (frames_array_h->length() < buffer_size) {
     THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "not enough space in buffers");
@@ -615,8 +772,8 @@ JVM_ENTRY(jint, JVM_MoreStackWalk(JNIEnv *env, jobject stackStream, jint mode, j
 JVM_END
 
 JVM_ENTRY(void, JVM_SetStackWalkContinuation(JNIEnv *env, jobject stackStream, jlong anchor, jobjectArray frames, jobject cont))
-  objArrayOop fa = objArrayOop(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(frames));
-  objArrayHandle frames_array_h(THREAD, fa);
+  refArrayOop fa = refArrayOop(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(frames));
+  refArrayHandle frames_array_h(THREAD, fa);
   Handle stackStream_h(THREAD, JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(stackStream));
   Handle cont_h(THREAD, JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(cont));
 
@@ -628,8 +785,55 @@ JVM_END
 
 JVM_ENTRY(jint, JVM_IHashCode(JNIEnv* env, jobject handle))
   // as implemented in the classic virtual machine; return 0 if object is null
-  return handle == nullptr ? 0 :
-         checked_cast<jint>(ObjectSynchronizer::FastHashCode (THREAD, JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(handle)));
+  if (handle == nullptr) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+  oop obj = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(handle);
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled() && obj->klass()->is_inline_klass()) {
+    const intptr_t obj_identity_hash = obj->mark().hash();
+    // Check if mark word contains hash code already.
+    // It is possible that the generated identity hash is 0, which is not
+    // distinct from the no_hash value. In such a case, the hash will be
+    // computed and set every time JVM_IHashCode is called. If that happens,
+    // the only consequence is losing out on the optimization.
+    if (obj_identity_hash != markWord::no_hash) {
+      return checked_cast<jint>(obj_identity_hash);
+    }
+
+    // Compute hash by calling ValueObjectMethods.valueObjectHashCode.
+    // The identity hash is invariantly immutable (see its JavaDoc comment).
+    JavaValue result(T_INT);
+    JavaCallArguments args;
+    Handle ho(THREAD, obj);
+    args.push_oop(ho);
+    methodHandle method(THREAD, Universe::value_object_hash_code_method());
+    JavaCalls::call(&result, method, &args, THREAD);
+    Exceptions::wrap_exception_in_internal_error("Internal error in hashCode", CHECK_0);
+
+    const intptr_t identity_hash = result.get_jint();
+
+    // We now have to set the hash via CAS. It's possible that this will race
+    // other threads. By our invariant of immutability, when there is a
+    // race, the identity hash code is going to be one of the following:
+    // a) 0, another thread updated other markWord bits; b) identity_hash set
+    // by another thread; or c) identity_hash set by the current thread.
+    // A nonzero identity hash code that is not the identity_hash computed
+    // earlier indicates a violation of the invariant.
+    markWord current_mark, old_mark, new_mark;
+    do {
+      current_mark = ho->mark();
+      new_mark = current_mark.copy_set_hash(identity_hash);
+      old_mark = ho->cas_set_mark(new_mark, current_mark);
+      assert(old_mark.has_no_hash() || old_mark.hash() == new_mark.hash(),
+            "CAS identity hash invariant violated, expected=" INTPTR_FORMAT " actual=" INTPTR_FORMAT,
+            new_mark.hash(),
+            old_mark.hash());
+    } while (old_mark != current_mark);
+
+    return checked_cast<jint>(new_mark.hash());
+  } else {
+    return checked_cast<jint>(ObjectSynchronizer::FastHashCode(THREAD, obj));
+  }
 JVM_END
 
 
@@ -677,6 +881,12 @@ JVM_ENTRY(jobject, JVM_Clone(JNIEnv* env, jobject handle))
     THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_CloneNotSupportedException(), klass->external_name());
   }
 
+  if (klass->is_inline_klass()) {
+    // Value instances have no identity, so return the current instance instead of allocating a new one
+    // Value classes cannot have finalizers, so the method can return immediately
+    return JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, obj());
+  }
+
   // Make shallow object copy
   const size_t size = obj->size();
   oop new_obj_oop = nullptr;
@@ -1169,7 +1379,8 @@ JVM_ENTRY(jobjectArray, JVM_GetClassInterfaces(JNIEnv *env, jclass cls))
   // Figure size of result array
   int size;
   if (klass->is_instance_klass()) {
-    size = InstanceKlass::cast(klass)->local_interfaces()->length();
+    InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(klass);
+    size = ik->local_interfaces()->length();
   } else {
     assert(klass->is_objArray_klass() || klass->is_typeArray_klass(), "Illegal mirror klass");
     size = 2;
@@ -1257,7 +1468,7 @@ JVM_ENTRY(jobjectArray, JVM_GetDeclaredClasses(JNIEnv *env, jclass ofClass))
 
   if (iter.length() == 0) {
     // Neither an inner nor outer class
-    oop result = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::Class_klass(), 0, CHECK_NULL);
+    oop result = oopFactory::new_refArray(vmClasses::Class_klass(), 0, CHECK_NULL);
     return (jobjectArray)JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, result);
   }
 
@@ -1266,8 +1477,8 @@ JVM_ENTRY(jobjectArray, JVM_GetDeclaredClasses(JNIEnv *env, jclass ofClass))
   int length = iter.length();
 
   // Allocate temp. result array
-  objArrayOop r = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::Class_klass(), length/4, CHECK_NULL);
-  objArrayHandle result (THREAD, r);
+  refArrayOop r = oopFactory::new_refArray(vmClasses::Class_klass(), length / 4, CHECK_NULL);
+  refArrayHandle result(THREAD, r);
   int members = 0;
 
   for (; !iter.done(); iter.next()) {
@@ -1296,7 +1507,7 @@ JVM_ENTRY(jobjectArray, JVM_GetDeclaredClasses(JNIEnv *env, jclass ofClass))
 
   if (members != length) {
     // Return array of right length
-    objArrayOop res = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::Class_klass(), members, CHECK_NULL);
+    refArrayOop res = oopFactory::new_refArray(vmClasses::Class_klass(), members, CHECK_NULL);
     for(int i = 0; i < members; i++) {
       res->obj_at_put(i, result->obj_at(i));
     }
@@ -1673,11 +1884,11 @@ static jobjectArray get_class_declared_methods_helper(
   // Select methods matching the criteria.
   for (int i = 0; i < methods_length; i++) {
     Method* method = methods->at(i);
-    if (want_constructor && !method->is_object_initializer()) {
+    if (want_constructor && !method->is_object_constructor()) {
       continue;
     }
     if (!want_constructor &&
-        (method->is_object_initializer() || method->is_static_initializer() ||
+        (method->is_object_constructor() || method->is_class_initializer() ||
          method->is_overpass())) {
       continue;
     }
@@ -1705,6 +1916,7 @@ static jobjectArray get_class_declared_methods_helper(
     } else {
       oop m;
       if (want_constructor) {
+        assert(method->is_object_constructor(), "must be");
         m = Reflection::new_constructor(method, CHECK_NULL);
       } else {
         m = Reflection::new_method(method, false, CHECK_NULL);
@@ -1767,9 +1979,8 @@ JVM_ENTRY(jobjectArray, JVM_GetNestMembers(JNIEnv* env, jclass current))
     log_trace(class, nestmates)(" - host has %d listed nest members", length);
 
     // nest host is first in the array so make it one bigger
-    objArrayOop r = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::Class_klass(),
-                                             length + 1, CHECK_NULL);
-    objArrayHandle result(THREAD, r);
+    refArrayOop r = oopFactory::new_refArray(vmClasses::Class_klass(), length + 1, CHECK_NULL);
+    refArrayHandle result(THREAD, r);
     result->obj_at_put(0, host->java_mirror());
     if (length != 0) {
       int count = 0;
@@ -1844,9 +2055,8 @@ JVM_ENTRY(jobjectArray, JVM_GetPermittedSubclasses(JNIEnv* env, jclass current))
 
     log_trace(class, sealed)(" - sealed class has %d permitted subclasses", length);
 
-    objArrayOop r = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::Class_klass(),
-                                             length, CHECK_NULL);
-    objArrayHandle result(THREAD, r);
+    refArrayOop r = oopFactory::new_refArray(vmClasses::Class_klass(), length, CHECK_NULL);
+    refArrayHandle result(THREAD, r);
     int count = 0;
     for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
       int cp_index = subclasses->at(i);
@@ -1965,10 +2175,9 @@ static jobject get_method_at_helper(const constantPoolHandle& cp, jint index, bo
     THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_RuntimeException(), "Unable to look up method in target class");
   }
   oop method;
-  if (m->is_object_initializer()) {
+  if (m->is_object_constructor()) {
     method = Reflection::new_constructor(m, CHECK_NULL);
   } else {
-    // new_method accepts <clinit> as Method here
     method = Reflection::new_method(m, true, CHECK_NULL);
   }
   return JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, method);
@@ -2415,7 +2624,7 @@ JVM_ENTRY(jboolean, JVM_IsConstructorIx(JNIEnv *env, jclass cls, int method_inde
   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
   InstanceKlass* ik = get_instance_klass_considering_redefinition(cls, thread);
   Method* method = ik->methods()->at(method_index);
-  return method->name() == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name();
+  return method->is_object_constructor();
 JVM_END
 
 
@@ -3284,7 +3493,9 @@ JVM_ENTRY(jobject, JVM_InvokeMethod(JNIEnv *env, jobject method, jobject obj, jo
   if (thread->stack_overflow_state()->stack_available((address) &method_handle) >= JVMInvokeMethodSlack) {
     method_handle = Handle(THREAD, JNIHandles::resolve(method));
     Handle receiver(THREAD, JNIHandles::resolve(obj));
-    objArrayHandle args(THREAD, objArrayOop(JNIHandles::resolve(args0)));
+    objArrayHandle args(THREAD, (objArrayOop)JNIHandles::resolve(args0));
+    assert(args() == nullptr || !args->is_flatArray(), "args are never flat");
+
     oop result = Reflection::invoke_method(method_handle(), receiver, args, CHECK_NULL);
     jobject res = JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, result);
     if (JvmtiExport::should_post_vm_object_alloc()) {
@@ -3304,8 +3515,9 @@ JVM_END
 
 
 JVM_ENTRY(jobject, JVM_NewInstanceFromConstructor(JNIEnv *env, jobject c, jobjectArray args0))
+  objArrayHandle args(THREAD, (objArrayOop)JNIHandles::resolve(args0));
+  assert(args() == nullptr || !args->is_flatArray(), "args are never flat");
   oop constructor_mirror = JNIHandles::resolve(c);
-  objArrayHandle args(THREAD, objArrayOop(JNIHandles::resolve(args0)));
   oop result = Reflection::invoke_constructor(constructor_mirror, args, CHECK_NULL);
   jobject res = JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, result);
   if (JvmtiExport::should_post_vm_object_alloc()) {
@@ -3529,8 +3741,8 @@ JVM_ENTRY(jobjectArray, JVM_DumpThreads(JNIEnv *env, jclass threadClass, jobject
     THROW_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
   }
 
-  objArrayOop a = objArrayOop(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(threads));
-  objArrayHandle ah(THREAD, a);
+  refArrayOop a = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(threads));
+  refArrayHandle ah(THREAD, a);
   int num_threads = ah->length();
   // check if threads is non-empty array
   if (num_threads == 0) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmti.xml b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmti.xml
index 7809897399e..dd41d6b38a5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmti.xml
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmti.xml
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="jvmti.xsl"?>
 <!--
- Copyright (c) 2002, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 
  This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -925,6 +925,23 @@ Agent_OnUnload_L(JavaVM *vm)</example>
     and/or its affiliates, in the U.S. and other countries.
   </intro>
 
+  <intro id="identityAndValueObjects" label="Identity and Value Objects">
+    If preview features are enabled then some Java objects will have identity and others
+    (instances of value classes) will not. <jvmti/> makes no distinction between these cases
+    in general, but some specific functions will behave differently if invoked upon
+    a Java object that does not have identity. Such differences in behavior are described
+    by the individual functions and events where they apply.
+    <p/>
+    In summary, tags for value objects use value equality semantics, and
+    the <eventlink id="ObjectFree"/> event is not sent for tagged value objects.
+    The <eventlink id="VMObjectAlloc"/> and <eventlink id="SampledObjectAlloc"/> events
+    are only sent for value objects if the
+    <fieldlink id="can_support_value_objects" struct="jvmtiCapabilities"/>
+    capability is possessed.
+    <p/>
+    Value objects can also affect class and interface property queries, monitor information,
+    and <jvmti/> functions that operate on value class constructor frames.
+  </intro>
 
 <functionsection label="Functions">
   <intro id="jvmtiEnvAccess" label="Accessing Functions">
@@ -3376,8 +3393,15 @@ err = (*jvmti)-&gt;Deallocate(jvmti, stack_info);
     <function id="ForceEarlyReturnVoid" num="86" since="1.1">
       <synopsis>Force Early Return - Void</synopsis>
       <description>
-        This function can be used to return from a method with no result type.
-        That is, the called method must be declared <code>void</code>.
+        This function can be used to return from a method with a return type
+        of <code>void</code>.
+        A constructor is a special method named <code>&lt;init&gt;</code> with
+        a return type of <code>void</code>. A class initializer is a special
+        method named <code>&lt;clinit&gt;</code> with a return type of
+        <code>void</code>.
+        <p/>
+        When preview features are enabled, this function can not be used to return
+        early from the constructor of a value class.
       </description>
       <origin>new</origin>
       <capabilities>
@@ -3394,7 +3418,8 @@ err = (*jvmti)-&gt;Deallocate(jvmti, stack_info);
       <errors>
         <error id="JVMTI_ERROR_OPAQUE_FRAME">
           The implementation is unable to force the current frame to return
-          (e.g. current frame is executing a native method).
+          (e.g. current frame is executing a native method or if preview features
+           are enabled, the current frame is the constructor for a value class)
         </error>
         <error id="JVMTI_ERROR_TYPE_MISMATCH">
           The called method has a result type.
@@ -3431,6 +3456,12 @@ err = (*jvmti)-&gt;Deallocate(jvmti, stack_info);
       information.  Objects which have not been tagged have a
       tag of zero.
       Setting a tag to zero makes the object untagged.
+      <p/>
+      If the <eventlink id="ObjectFree"/> event is enabled then an Object Free
+      event is sent for tagged objects when the garbage collector frees the object.
+      When preview features are enabled, the Object Free event is only sent for tagged
+      <externallink id="jni/functions.html#hasidentity">identity objects</externallink>.
+      <b>The event is not sent for tagged value objects.</b>
     </intro>
 
     <intro id="heapCallbacks" label="Heap Callback Functions">
@@ -5859,6 +5890,11 @@ class C2 extends C1 implements I2 {
         This function can be used to retrieve the value of a local
         variable whose type is <code>Object</code> or a subclass of <code>Object</code>.
         <p/>
+        When preview features are enabled, if the local is the "<code>this</code>"
+        object and "<code>this</code>" is a value object under construction, the
+        function retrieves a snapshot of the "<code>this</code>" object representing
+        the value object's state at the point the snapshot is taken.
+        <p/>
         The specified thread must be suspended or must be the current thread.
       </description>
       <origin>jvmdi</origin>
@@ -5888,6 +5924,11 @@ class C2 extends C1 implements I2 {
           <outptr><jobject/></outptr>
             <description>
               On return, points to the variable's value.
+              When preview features are enabled, if the local is the "<code>this</code>"
+              object and "<code>this</code>" is a value object under construction,
+              <code>value_ptr</code> will point to a snapshot of the "<code>this</code>"
+              object representing the value object's state at the point the snapshot
+              is taken.
             </description>
         </param>
       </parameters>
@@ -5918,6 +5959,11 @@ class C2 extends C1 implements I2 {
         native method frames, whereas <code>GetLocalObject()</code> would
         return <code>JVMTI_ERROR_OPAQUE_FRAME</code> in those cases.
         <p/>
+        When preview features are enabled and the "<code>this</code>" object is
+        a value object under construction, the function retrieves a snapshot of the
+        "<code>this</code>" object that represents the value object's state at
+        the point the snapshot is taken.
+        <p/>
         The specified thread must be suspended or must be the current thread.
       </description>
       <origin>new</origin>
@@ -5941,6 +5987,10 @@ class C2 extends C1 implements I2 {
           <outptr><jobject/></outptr>
             <description>
               On return, points to the variable's value.
+              When preview features are enabled, and the "<code>this</code>" object is
+              a value object under construction, <code>value_ptr</code> will point to
+              a snapshot of the "<code>this</code>" object representing the value
+              object's state at the point the snapshot is taken.
             </description>
         </param>
       </parameters>
@@ -7352,23 +7402,39 @@ class C2 extends C1 implements I2 {
     <function id="GetClassModifiers" phase="start" num="51">
       <synopsis>Get Class Modifiers</synopsis>
       <description>
-        For the class indicated by <code>klass</code>, return the access
-        flags
-        via <code>modifiers_ptr</code>.
-        Access flags are defined in <vmspec chapter="4"/>.
-        <p/>
-        If the class is an array class, then its public, private, and protected
-        modifiers are the same as those of its component type. For arrays of
+        For the class indicated by <code>klass</code>, return the Java language
+        modifiers and class/interface properties of the corresponding
+        <code>java.lang.Class</code> object, via <code>modifiers_ptr</code>.
+        <p/>
+        The modifiers are encoded as a mask of access-flag bit values defined in
+        <vmspec chapter="4"/>. The returned value is not necessarily the value of the
+        access_flags item in the class file of <code>klass</code>.
+        In particular, for member, local, or anonymous classes and interfaces, the result
+        may include modifiers represented by access flags from the <code>InnerClasses</code>
+        attribute, such as <code>ACC_STATIC</code>.
+        <p/>
+        The modifiers include, as applicable, the Java Virtual Machine constants for
+        public, private, protected, final, static, abstract, and interface, as well as
+        access-flag bit values for other class/interface properties encoded in the
+        result of invoking <code>java.lang.Class.getModifiers()</code> on the
+        corresponding <code>java.lang.Class</code> object.
+        <p/>
+        If <code>klass</code> is an array class, then its public, private, and
+        protected modifiers are the same as those of its component type. For arrays of
         primitives, this component type is represented by one of the primitive
-        classes (for example, <code>java.lang.Integer.TYPE</code>).
+        classes, such as <code>java.lang.Integer.TYPE</code>. For array classes, the
+        abstract and final modifiers are set, and the interface modifier is not set.
         <p/>
-        If the class is a primitive class, its public modifier is always true,
-        and its protected and private modifiers are always false.
+        If <code>klass</code> is a primitive type or void, then its public, abstract,
+        and final modifiers are always set, and its protected, private, and interface
+        modifiers are never set.
         <p/>
-        If the class is an array class or a primitive class then its final
-        modifier is always true and its interface modifier is always false.
-        The values of its other modifiers are not determined by this specification.
-
+        When preview features are enabled, the <code>ACC_IDENTITY</code> access flag
+        is set if and only if <code>klass</code> is an identity class or an array class.
+        <p/>
+        When preview features are disabled, the <code>ACC_SUPER</code> access flag may be
+        set only if <code>klass</code> is not a primitive type or void. The flag has no
+        effective meaning.
       </description>
       <origin>jvmdi</origin>
       <capabilities>
@@ -7383,7 +7449,7 @@ class C2 extends C1 implements I2 {
         <param id="modifiers_ptr">
           <outptr><jint/></outptr>
           <description>
-            On return, points to the current access flags of this class.
+            On return, points to the modifiers of this class.
 
           </description>
         </param>
@@ -8286,6 +8352,12 @@ class C2 extends C1 implements I2 {
         The fields of the <functionlink id="jvmtiMonitorUsage"></functionlink> structure
         are filled in with information about usage of the monitor.
         <p/>
+        When preview features are enabled, the object to query may be a value object.
+        It is not possible to synchronize on a value object, so there is no monitor
+        usage information to return. The fields of the returned
+        <functionlink id="jvmtiMonitorUsage"></functionlink> structure will always
+        be filled in with null values and zeros.
+        <p/>
         <b> This function does not support getting information about an object's monitor
             when it is owned by a virtual thread. It also does not support returning a
             reference to virtual threads that are waiting to own a monitor or waiting to
@@ -10685,6 +10757,18 @@ myInit() {
           <eventlink id="VirtualThreadEnd"></eventlink>.
         </description>
       </capabilityfield>
+      <capabilityfield id="can_support_value_objects" since="28">
+        <description>
+          Can support value objects.
+          When preview features are enabled and this capability is enabled, then
+          events are sent for value objects when the following two events are enabled:
+          <eventlink id="VMObjectAlloc"></eventlink>,
+          <eventlink id="SampledObjectAlloc"></eventlink>.
+          <b> can_support_value_objects is a preview API of the Java platform. </b>
+          <i>Preview features may be removed in a future release, or upgraded to
+          permanent features of the Java platform.</i>
+        </description>
+      </capabilityfield>
     </capabilitiestypedef>
 
     <function id="GetPotentialCapabilities" jkernel="yes" phase="onload" num="140">
@@ -13988,7 +14072,11 @@ myInit() {
       VM. These methods should send this event.
       Virtual machines which are incapable of bytecode instrumentation
       for some or all of their methods can send this event.
-
+      <p/>
+      When preview features are enabled and the capability <code>can_support_value_objects</code>
+      is enabled, this event is sent for the value object allocations.
+      <code>null</code> is passed for the <paramlink id="object"></paramlink> parameter in such cases.
+      <p/>
       Note that the <internallink
       id="SampledObjectAlloc">SampledObjectAlloc</internallink>
       event is triggered on all Java object allocations, including those
@@ -14014,6 +14102,7 @@ myInit() {
     <origin>new</origin>
     <capabilities>
       <required id="can_generate_vm_object_alloc_events"></required>
+      <capability id="can_support_value_objects"></capability>
     </capabilities>
     <parameters>
       <param id="jni_env">
@@ -14034,6 +14123,8 @@ myInit() {
         <jobject/>
           <description>
             JNI local reference to the object that was allocated.
+            Null when preview features are enabled, the capability <code>can_support_value_objects</code>
+            is enabled, and the allocated object has no identity.
           </description>
       </param>
       <param id="object_klass">
@@ -14080,10 +14171,15 @@ myInit() {
       In conjunction with weak references and the function
       <functionlink id="GetStackTrace"></functionlink>, a user can track which objects were allocated from which
       stack trace, and which are still live during the execution of the program.
+      <p/>
+      When preview features are enabled and the capability <code>can_support_value_objects</code>
+      is enabled, this event is sent for the allocated objects that have no identity.
+      <code>null</code> is passed for the <paramlink id="object"></paramlink> parameter in such cases.
     </description>
     <origin>new</origin>
     <capabilities>
       <required id="can_generate_sampled_object_alloc_events"></required>
+      <capability id="can_support_value_objects"></capability>
     </capabilities>
     <parameters>
       <param id="jni_env">
@@ -14104,6 +14200,8 @@ myInit() {
         <jobject/>
         <description>
           JNI local reference to the object that was allocated.
+          Null when preview features are enabled, the capability <code>can_support_value_objects</code>
+          is enabled, and the allocated object has no identity.
         </description>
       </param>
       <param id="object_klass">
@@ -14128,6 +14226,10 @@ myInit() {
       Events are only sent for tagged objects--see
       <internallink id="Heap">heap functions</internallink>.
       <p/>
+      When preview features are enabled, the Object Free event is only sent for tagged
+      <externallink id="jni/functions.html#hasidentity">identity objects</externallink>.
+      <b>The event is not sent for tagged value objects.</b>
+      <p/>
       The event handler must not use JNI functions and
       must not use <jvmti/> functions except those which
       specifically allow such use (see the raw monitor, memory management,
@@ -15470,6 +15572,12 @@ typedef void (JNICALL *jvmtiEventVMInit)
   <change date="10 January 2025" version="25.0.0">
       Add new function ClearAllFramePops. Needed to speedup debugger single stepping.
   </change>
+  <change date="30 June 2026" version="28.0.0">
+      Support for value objects (Preview):
+      Add new capability: can_support_value_objects which enables
+      the following events for value objects:
+      JVMTI_EVENT_VM_OBJECT_ALLOC, JVMTI_EVENT_SAMPLED_OBJECT_ALLOC.
+  </change>
 </changehistory>
 
 </specification>
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiClassFileReconstituter.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiClassFileReconstituter.cpp
index 3037ffa5063..753992d20e8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiClassFileReconstituter.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiClassFileReconstituter.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
+#include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
 #include "interpreter/bytecodeStream.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "oops/bsmAttribute.inline.hpp"
@@ -465,6 +466,26 @@ void JvmtiClassFileReconstituter::write_permitted_subclasses_attribute() {
   }
 }
 
+// LoadableDescriptors {
+//   u2 attribute_name_index;
+//   u4 attribute_length;
+//   u2 number_of_descriptors;
+//   u2 descriptors[number_of_descriptors];
+// }
+void JvmtiClassFileReconstituter::write_loadable_descriptors_attribute() {
+  Array<u2>* loadable_descriptors = ik()->loadable_descriptors();
+  int number_of_descriptors = loadable_descriptors->length();
+  int length = sizeof(u2) * (1 + number_of_descriptors); // '1 +' is for number_of_descriptors field
+
+  write_attribute_name_index("LoadableDescriptors");
+  write_u4(length);
+  write_u2(checked_cast<u2>(number_of_descriptors));
+  for (int i = 0; i < number_of_descriptors; i++) {
+    u2 utf8_index = loadable_descriptors->at(i);
+    write_u2(utf8_index);
+  }
+}
+
 //  Record {
 //    u2 attribute_name_index;
 //    u4 attribute_length;
@@ -545,7 +566,12 @@ void JvmtiClassFileReconstituter::write_inner_classes_attribute(int length) {
     write_u2(iter.inner_class_info_index());
     write_u2(iter.outer_class_info_index());
     write_u2(iter.inner_name_index());
-    write_u2(iter.inner_access_flags());
+    u2 flags = iter.inner_access_flags();
+    // ClassFileParser may add identity to inner class attributes, so remove it.
+    if (!ik()->supports_inline_types()) {
+      flags &= ~JVM_ACC_IDENTITY;
+    }
+    write_u2(flags);
   }
 }
 
@@ -804,6 +830,9 @@ void JvmtiClassFileReconstituter::write_class_attributes() {
   if (ik()->permitted_subclasses() != Universe::the_empty_short_array()) {
     ++attr_count;
   }
+  if (ik()->loadable_descriptors() != Universe::the_empty_short_array()) {
+    ++attr_count;
+  }
   if (ik()->record_components() != nullptr) {
     ++attr_count;
   }
@@ -834,6 +863,9 @@ void JvmtiClassFileReconstituter::write_class_attributes() {
   if (ik()->permitted_subclasses() != Universe::the_empty_short_array()) {
     write_permitted_subclasses_attribute();
   }
+  if (ik()->loadable_descriptors() != Universe::the_empty_short_array()) {
+    write_loadable_descriptors_attribute();
+  }
   if (ik()->record_components() != nullptr) {
     write_record_attribute();
   }
@@ -1028,7 +1060,7 @@ void JvmtiClassFileReconstituter::copy_bytecodes(const methodHandle& mh,
       case Bytecodes::_getstatic       :  // fall through
       case Bytecodes::_putstatic       :  // fall through
       case Bytecodes::_getfield        :  // fall through
-      case Bytecodes::_putfield        :  {
+      case Bytecodes::_putfield        : {
         int field_index = Bytes::get_native_u2(bcp+1);
         u2 pool_index = mh->constants()->resolved_field_entry_at(field_index)->constant_pool_index();
         assert(pool_index < mh->constants()->length(), "sanity check");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiClassFileReconstituter.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiClassFileReconstituter.hpp
index 015042a8543..6b170844038 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiClassFileReconstituter.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiClassFileReconstituter.hpp
@@ -122,6 +122,7 @@ class JvmtiClassFileReconstituter : public JvmtiConstantPoolReconstituter {
   void write_nest_members_attribute();
   void write_permitted_subclasses_attribute();
   void write_record_attribute();
+  void write_loadable_descriptors_attribute();
 
   address writeable_address(size_t size);
   void write_u1(u1 x);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnv.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnv.cpp
index bd0552e45b1..2bb6d994c61 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnv.cpp
@@ -1605,7 +1605,7 @@ JvmtiEnv::GetThreadGroupChildren(jthreadGroup group, jint* thread_count_ptr, jth
   NULL_CHECK(group_obj, JVMTI_ERROR_INVALID_THREAD_GROUP);
 
   Handle *thread_objs = nullptr;
-  objArrayHandle group_objs;
+  refArrayHandle group_objs;
   jint nthreads = 0;
   jint ngroups = 0;
   int hidden_threads = 0;
@@ -2715,7 +2715,7 @@ JvmtiEnv::GetSourceFileName(oop k_mirror, char** source_name_ptr) {
 jvmtiError
 JvmtiEnv::GetClassModifiers(oop k_mirror, jint* modifiers_ptr) {
   jint result = java_lang_Class::modifiers(k_mirror);
-  if (!java_lang_Class::is_primitive(k_mirror)) {
+  if (!Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled() && !java_lang_Class::is_primitive(k_mirror)) {
     // Reset the deleted  ACC_SUPER bit (deleted in compute_modifier_flags()).
     result |= JVM_ACC_SUPER;
   }
@@ -2836,7 +2836,8 @@ JvmtiEnv::GetClassFields(oop k_mirror, jint* field_count_ptr, jfieldID** fields_
   jfieldID* result_list = (jfieldID*)jvmtiMalloc(result_count * sizeof(jfieldID));
   for (int i = 0; i < result_count; i++, flds.next()) {
     result_list[i] = jfieldIDWorkaround::to_jfieldID(ik, flds.offset(),
-                                                     flds.access_flags().is_static());
+                                                     flds.access_flags().is_static(),
+                                                     flds.field_descriptor().is_flat());
   }
   assert(flds.done(), "just checking");
 
@@ -2874,8 +2875,9 @@ JvmtiEnv::GetImplementedInterfaces(oop k_mirror, jint* interface_count_ptr, jcla
       return JVMTI_ERROR_NONE;
     }
 
-    Array<InstanceKlass*>* interface_list = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->local_interfaces();
-    const int result_length = (interface_list == nullptr ? 0 : interface_list->length());
+    InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
+    Array<InstanceKlass*>* interface_list = ik->local_interfaces();
+    int result_length = (interface_list == nullptr ? 0 : interface_list->length());
     jclass* result_list = (jclass*) jvmtiMalloc(result_length * sizeof(jclass));
     for (int i_index = 0; i_index < result_length; i_index += 1) {
       InstanceKlass* klass_at = interface_list->at(i_index);
@@ -3071,9 +3073,12 @@ JvmtiEnv::GetObjectHashCode(jobject object, jint* hash_code_ptr) {
   NULL_CHECK(mirror, JVMTI_ERROR_INVALID_OBJECT);
   NULL_CHECK(hash_code_ptr, JVMTI_ERROR_NULL_POINTER);
 
-  {
-    jint result = (jint) mirror->identity_hash();
-    *hash_code_ptr = result;
+  if (mirror->is_inline_type()) {
+    // For inline types, use the klass as a hash code.
+    // TBD to improve this (see also JvmtiTagMapKey::get_hash for similar case).
+    *hash_code_ptr = (jint)((int64_t)mirror->klass() >> 3);
+  } else {
+    *hash_code_ptr = (jint)mirror->identity_hash();
   }
   return JVMTI_ERROR_NONE;
 } /* end GetObjectHashCode */
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnvBase.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnvBase.cpp
index beb7bac2a49..389ac7f4368 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnvBase.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnvBase.cpp
@@ -556,7 +556,7 @@ JvmtiEnvBase::new_jthreadArray(int length, Handle *handles) {
 }
 
 jthreadGroup *
-JvmtiEnvBase::new_jthreadGroupArray(int length, objArrayHandle groups) {
+JvmtiEnvBase::new_jthreadGroupArray(int length, refArrayHandle groups) {
   if (length == 0) {
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -861,7 +861,7 @@ JvmtiEnvBase::get_live_threads(JavaThread* current_thread, Handle group_hdl, jin
 }
 
 jvmtiError
-JvmtiEnvBase::get_subgroups(JavaThread* current_thread, Handle group_hdl, jint *count_ptr, objArrayHandle *group_objs_p) {
+JvmtiEnvBase::get_subgroups(JavaThread* current_thread, Handle group_hdl, jint *count_ptr, refArrayHandle *group_objs_p) {
 
   // This call collects the strong and weak groups
   JavaThread* THREAD = current_thread;
@@ -884,10 +884,10 @@ JvmtiEnvBase::get_subgroups(JavaThread* current_thread, Handle group_hdl, jint *
   }
 
   assert(result.get_type() == T_OBJECT, "just checking");
-  objArrayOop groups = (objArrayOop)result.get_oop();
+  refArrayOop groups = (refArrayOop)result.get_oop();
 
   *count_ptr = groups == nullptr ? 0 : groups->length();
-  *group_objs_p = objArrayHandle(current_thread, groups);
+  *group_objs_p = refArrayHandle(current_thread, groups);
 
   return JVMTI_ERROR_NONE;
 }
@@ -2172,6 +2172,12 @@ JvmtiEnvBase::check_top_frame(Thread* current_thread, JavaThread* java_thread,
     return JVMTI_ERROR_OPAQUE_FRAME;
   }
 
+  // Prevent ForceEarlyReturnVoid from returning early from value class constructor as
+  // the instance fields are strictly-initialized fields.
+  if ((tos == vtos) && jvf->method()->is_object_constructor() && jvf->method()->method_holder()->is_inline_klass()) {
+    return JVMTI_ERROR_OPAQUE_FRAME;
+  }
+
   // If the frame is a compiled one, need to deoptimize it.
   if (jvf->is_compiled_frame()) {
     if (!jvf->fr().can_be_deoptimized()) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnvBase.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnvBase.hpp
index 4602c100371..a16cb5c0a47 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnvBase.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnvBase.hpp
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ class JvmtiEnvBase : public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
   // helper methods for creating arrays of global JNI Handles from local Handles
   // allocated into environment specific storage
   jthread * new_jthreadArray(int length, Handle *handles);
-  jthreadGroup * new_jthreadGroupArray(int length, objArrayHandle groups);
+  jthreadGroup * new_jthreadGroupArray(int length, refArrayHandle groups);
 
   // convert to a jni jclass from a non-null Klass*
   jclass get_jni_class_non_null(Klass* k);
@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ class JvmtiEnvBase : public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
   static jvmtiError get_live_threads(JavaThread* current_thread, Handle group_hdl, jint *count_ptr, Handle **thread_objs_p);
 
   // enumerates the subgroups in the given thread group
-  static jvmtiError get_subgroups(JavaThread* current_thread, Handle group_hdl, jint *count_ptr, objArrayHandle *group_objs_p);
+  static jvmtiError get_subgroups(JavaThread* current_thread, Handle group_hdl, jint *count_ptr, refArrayHandle *group_objs_p);
 
   // JVMTI API helper functions which are called when target thread is suspended
   // or at safepoint / thread local handshake.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiExport.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiExport.cpp
index f9ebf3b066c..d5ce83ab61a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiExport.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiExport.cpp
@@ -1137,7 +1137,7 @@ class JvmtiObjectAllocEventMark : public JvmtiClassEventMark  {
    jlong    _size;
  public:
    JvmtiObjectAllocEventMark(JavaThread *thread, oop obj) : JvmtiClassEventMark(thread, oop_to_klass(obj)) {
-     _jobj = (jobject)to_jobject(obj);
+     _jobj = obj->is_inline() ? nullptr : (jobject)to_jobject(obj); // nullptr for non-identity objects
      _size = obj->size() * wordSize;
    };
    jobject jni_jobject() { return _jobj; }
@@ -1282,6 +1282,7 @@ bool              JvmtiExport::_can_post_frame_pop                        = fals
 bool              JvmtiExport::_can_pop_frame                             = false;
 bool              JvmtiExport::_can_force_early_return                    = false;
 bool              JvmtiExport::_can_support_virtual_threads               = false;
+bool              JvmtiExport::_can_support_value_objects                 = false;
 bool              JvmtiExport::_can_get_owned_monitor_info                = false;
 
 bool              JvmtiExport::_early_vmstart_recorded                    = false;
@@ -2967,6 +2968,10 @@ void JvmtiExport::post_vm_object_alloc(JavaThread *thread, oop object) {
   if (thread->should_hide_jvmti_events()) {
     return;
   }
+  const bool is_inline = object->is_inline();
+  if (is_inline && !JvmtiExport::can_support_value_objects()) {
+    return;
+  }
   HandleMark hm(thread);
   Handle h(thread, object);
 
@@ -2974,10 +2979,11 @@ void JvmtiExport::post_vm_object_alloc(JavaThread *thread, oop object) {
                       JvmtiTrace::safe_get_thread_name(thread)));
   JvmtiEnvIterator it;
   for (JvmtiEnv* env = it.first(); env != nullptr; env = it.next(env)) {
-    if (env->is_enabled(JVMTI_EVENT_VM_OBJECT_ALLOC)) {
+    if (env->is_enabled(JVMTI_EVENT_VM_OBJECT_ALLOC) &&
+        (!is_inline || env->get_capabilities()->can_support_value_objects != 0)) {
       EVT_TRACE(JVMTI_EVENT_VM_OBJECT_ALLOC, ("[%s] Evt vmobject alloc sent %s",
                                          JvmtiTrace::safe_get_thread_name(thread),
-                                         object==nullptr? "null" : object->klass()->external_name()));
+                                         object->klass()->external_name()));
 
       JvmtiObjectAllocEventMark jem(thread, h());
       JVMTI_JAVA_THREAD_EVENT_CALLBACK_BLOCK(thread)
@@ -3004,19 +3010,24 @@ void JvmtiExport::post_sampled_object_alloc(JavaThread *thread, oop object) {
   if (thread->should_hide_jvmti_events()) {
     return;
   }
+  const bool is_inline = object->is_inline();
+  if (is_inline && !JvmtiExport::can_support_value_objects()) {
+    return;
+  }
 
   EVT_TRIG_TRACE(JVMTI_EVENT_SAMPLED_OBJECT_ALLOC,
                  ("[%s] Trg sampled object alloc triggered",
                   JvmtiTrace::safe_get_thread_name(thread)));
   JvmtiEnvThreadStateIterator it(state);
   for (JvmtiEnvThreadState* ets = it.first(); ets != nullptr; ets = it.next(ets)) {
-    if (ets->is_enabled(JVMTI_EVENT_SAMPLED_OBJECT_ALLOC)) {
+    JvmtiEnv *env = ets->get_env();
+    if (ets->is_enabled(JVMTI_EVENT_SAMPLED_OBJECT_ALLOC) &&
+        (!is_inline || env->get_capabilities()->can_support_value_objects != 0)) {
       EVT_TRACE(JVMTI_EVENT_SAMPLED_OBJECT_ALLOC,
                 ("[%s] Evt sampled object alloc sent %s",
                  JvmtiTrace::safe_get_thread_name(thread),
-                 object == nullptr ? "null" : object->klass()->external_name()));
+                 object->klass()->external_name()));
 
-      JvmtiEnv *env = ets->get_env();
       JvmtiObjectAllocEventMark jem(thread, h());
       JVMTI_JAVA_THREAD_EVENT_CALLBACK_BLOCK(thread)
       jvmtiEventSampledObjectAlloc callback = env->callbacks()->SampledObjectAlloc;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiExport.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiExport.hpp
index 086667ae72d..24992085473 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiExport.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiExport.hpp
@@ -95,6 +95,7 @@ class JvmtiExport : public AllStatic {
   JVMTI_SUPPORT_FLAG(can_pop_frame)
   JVMTI_SUPPORT_FLAG(can_force_early_return)
   JVMTI_SUPPORT_FLAG(can_support_virtual_threads)
+  JVMTI_SUPPORT_FLAG(can_support_value_objects)
 
   JVMTI_SUPPORT_FLAG(early_vmstart_recorded)
   JVMTI_SUPPORT_FLAG(can_get_owned_monitor_info) // includes can_get_owned_monitor_stack_depth_info
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiGetLoadedClasses.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiGetLoadedClasses.cpp
index 094a963500f..1b2237b15b2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiGetLoadedClasses.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiGetLoadedClasses.cpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiGetLoadedClasses.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
@@ -57,10 +58,20 @@ class LoadedClassesClosure : public KlassClosure {
   }
 
   // Return current size of the Stack
-  int get_count() {
+  int get_count() const {
     return (int)_classStack.size();
   }
 
+  // Some klasses should not be reported by GetLoadedClasses/GetClassLoaderClasses
+  bool exclude_klass(Klass* k) const {
+    // Direct instances of ObjArrayKlass represent the Java types that Java code can see.
+    // RefArrayKlass/FlatArrayKlass describe different implementations of the arrays, filter them out.
+    if (k->is_objArray_klass() && k->kind() != Klass::KlassKind::ObjArrayKlassKind) {
+      return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
 public:
   LoadedClassesClosure(JvmtiEnv* env, bool dictionary_walk) :
       _env(env),
@@ -70,12 +81,16 @@ class LoadedClassesClosure : public KlassClosure {
 
   void do_klass(Klass* k) {
     // Collect all jclasses
-    _classStack.push((jclass) _env->jni_reference(Handle(_cur_thread, k->java_mirror())));
+    if (!exclude_klass(k)) {
+      _classStack.push((jclass)_env->jni_reference(Handle(_cur_thread, k->java_mirror())));
+    }
     if (_dictionary_walk) {
       // Collect array classes this way when walking the dictionary (because array classes are
       // not in the dictionary).
       for (Klass* l = k->array_klass_or_null(); l != nullptr; l = l->array_klass_or_null()) {
-        _classStack.push((jclass) _env->jni_reference(Handle(_cur_thread, l->java_mirror())));
+        if (!exclude_klass(l)) {
+          _classStack.push((jclass)_env->jni_reference(Handle(_cur_thread, l->java_mirror())));
+        }
       }
     }
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiImpl.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiImpl.cpp
index 96366cceaff..da84650732a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiImpl.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiImpl.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
-#include "runtime/jniHandles.hpp"
+#include "runtime/jniHandles.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
 #include "runtime/serviceThread.hpp"
 #include "runtime/signature.hpp"
@@ -327,6 +327,7 @@ VM_BaseGetOrSetLocal::VM_BaseGetOrSetLocal(JavaThread* calling_thread, jint dept
   , _jvf(nullptr)
   , _set(set)
   , _self(self)
+  , _need_clone(false)
   , _result(JVMTI_ERROR_NONE)
 {
 }
@@ -476,6 +477,34 @@ bool VM_BaseGetOrSetLocal::check_slot_type_no_lvt(javaVFrame* jvf) {
   return true;
 }
 
+void VM_BaseGetOrSetLocal::check_and_clone_this_value_object() {
+  oop obj = JNIHandles::resolve(_value.l);
+  HandleMark hm(_calling_thread);
+  Handle obj_h(_calling_thread, obj);
+
+  assert(_type == T_OBJECT, "sanity check");
+  assert(obj != nullptr, "expected non-null oop");
+  assert(obj_h()->is_inline(), "expected inline oop");
+  assert(_index == 0, "expected slot 0 for THIS object");
+
+  InlineKlass* klass = InlineKlass::cast(obj_h()->klass());
+  inlineOop obj_copy = klass->allocate_instance(_calling_thread);
+  if (obj_copy == nullptr) {
+    _result = JVMTI_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
+  } else {
+    inlineOop thisObj = inlineOop(obj_h());
+    // copy object payload into the object snapshot
+    BufferedValuePayload src(thisObj);
+    BufferedValuePayload dst(obj_copy, klass);
+    src.copy_to(dst);
+
+    // Must ensure the content of the buffered value is visible
+    // before publishing the buffered value oop
+    OrderAccess::storestore();
+  }
+  _value.l = JNIHandles::make_local(_calling_thread, obj_copy);
+}
+
 static bool can_be_deoptimized(vframe* vf) {
   return (vf->is_compiled_frame() && vf->fr().can_be_deoptimized());
 }
@@ -610,6 +639,13 @@ void VM_BaseGetOrSetLocal::doit() {
           // Wrap the oop to be returned in a local JNI handle since
           // oops_do() no longer applies after doit() is finished.
           oop obj = locals->obj_at(_index)();
+
+          if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+            bool is_ctor = _jvf->method()->is_object_constructor();
+            if (is_ctor && _index == 0 && obj != nullptr && obj->is_inline()) {
+              _need_clone = true; // need to allocate an object snapshot in doit_epilogue
+            }
+          }
           _value.l = JNIHandles::make_local(_calling_thread, obj);
           break;
         }
@@ -619,6 +655,12 @@ void VM_BaseGetOrSetLocal::doit() {
   }
 }
 
+void VM_BaseGetOrSetLocal::doit_epilogue() {
+  if (_need_clone) {
+    check_and_clone_this_value_object();
+  }
+}
+
 bool VM_BaseGetOrSetLocal::allow_nested_vm_operations() const {
   return true; // May need to deoptimize
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiImpl.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiImpl.hpp
index 53e0ede476f..ff7be1de704 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiImpl.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiImpl.hpp
@@ -183,6 +183,7 @@ class VM_BaseGetOrSetLocal : public VM_Operation {
   javaVFrame* _jvf;
   bool        _set;
   bool        _self;
+  bool        _need_clone; // THIS object is in a value object constructor
 
   static const jvalue _DEFAULT_VALUE;
 
@@ -195,6 +196,7 @@ class VM_BaseGetOrSetLocal : public VM_Operation {
   virtual javaVFrame* get_java_vframe() = 0;
   bool check_slot_type_lvt(javaVFrame* vf);
   bool check_slot_type_no_lvt(javaVFrame* vf);
+  void check_and_clone_this_value_object();
 
 public:
   VM_BaseGetOrSetLocal(JavaThread* calling_thread, jint depth, jint index,
@@ -204,6 +206,7 @@ class VM_BaseGetOrSetLocal : public VM_Operation {
   jvmtiError result()    { return _result; }
 
   void doit();
+  void doit_epilogue();
   bool allow_nested_vm_operations() const;
   virtual const char* name() const = 0;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiManageCapabilities.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiManageCapabilities.cpp
index b18e58ca1e5..e54099d6ad7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiManageCapabilities.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiManageCapabilities.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ jvmtiCapabilities JvmtiManageCapabilities::onload_solo_remaining_capabilities;
 jvmtiCapabilities JvmtiManageCapabilities::acquired_capabilities;
 
 int JvmtiManageCapabilities::_can_support_virtual_threads_count = 0;
+int JvmtiManageCapabilities::_can_support_value_objects_count = 0;
 
 Mutex* JvmtiManageCapabilities::_capabilities_lock = nullptr;
 
@@ -103,6 +104,7 @@ jvmtiCapabilities JvmtiManageCapabilities::init_always_capabilities() {
   jc.can_generate_resource_exhaustion_heap_events = 1;
   jc.can_generate_resource_exhaustion_threads_events = 1;
   jc.can_support_virtual_threads = 1;
+  jc.can_support_value_objects = 1;
   return jc;
 }
 
@@ -277,6 +279,9 @@ jvmtiError JvmtiManageCapabilities::add_capabilities(const jvmtiCapabilities *cu
   if (desired->can_support_virtual_threads != 0 && current->can_support_virtual_threads == 0) {
     _can_support_virtual_threads_count++;
   }
+  if (desired->can_support_value_objects != 0 && current->can_support_value_objects == 0) {
+    _can_support_value_objects_count++;
+  }
 
   // return the result
   either(current, desired, result);
@@ -309,6 +314,11 @@ void JvmtiManageCapabilities::relinquish_capabilities(const jvmtiCapabilities *c
     assert(_can_support_virtual_threads_count > 0, "sanity check");
     _can_support_virtual_threads_count--;
   }
+  if (to_trash.can_support_value_objects != 0) {
+    assert(current->can_support_value_objects != 0, "sanity check");
+    assert(_can_support_value_objects_count > 0, "sanity check");
+    _can_support_value_objects_count--;
+  }
 
   update();
 
@@ -393,6 +403,7 @@ void JvmtiManageCapabilities::update() {
   JvmtiExport::set_can_pop_frame(avail.can_pop_frame);
   JvmtiExport::set_can_force_early_return(avail.can_force_early_return);
   JvmtiExport::set_can_support_virtual_threads(_can_support_virtual_threads_count != 0);
+  JvmtiExport::set_can_support_value_objects(_can_support_value_objects_count != 0);
   JvmtiExport::set_should_clean_up_heap_objects(avail.can_generate_breakpoint_events);
   JvmtiExport::set_can_get_owned_monitor_info(avail.can_get_owned_monitor_info ||
                                               avail.can_get_owned_monitor_stack_depth_info);
@@ -488,6 +499,8 @@ void JvmtiManageCapabilities:: print(const jvmtiCapabilities* cap) {
     log_trace(jvmti)("can_generate_early_class_hook_events");
   if (cap->can_support_virtual_threads)
     log_trace(jvmti)("can_support_virtual_threads");
+  if (cap->can_support_value_objects)
+    log_trace(jvmti)("can_support_value_objects");
 }
 
 #endif
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiManageCapabilities.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiManageCapabilities.hpp
index 6bf6830c479..61e029b7781 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiManageCapabilities.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiManageCapabilities.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -51,6 +51,9 @@ class JvmtiManageCapabilities : public AllStatic {
   // counter for the agents possess can_support_virtual_threads capability
   static int _can_support_virtual_threads_count;
 
+  // counter for the agents possess can_support_value_objects capability
+  static int _can_support_value_objects_count;
+
   // lock to access the class data
   static Mutex* _capabilities_lock;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiRedefineClasses.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiRedefineClasses.cpp
index a040812bc73..2ae66747bb6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiRedefineClasses.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiRedefineClasses.cpp
@@ -622,8 +622,7 @@ void VM_RedefineClasses::append_entry(const constantPoolHandle& scratch_cp,
     // At this stage, String could be here, but not StringIndex
     case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex: // fall through
 
-    // At this stage JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError should not be
-    // here
+    // At this stage JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError should not be here
     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: // fall through
 
     default:
@@ -1928,6 +1927,12 @@ bool VM_RedefineClasses::rewrite_cp_refs(InstanceKlass* scratch_class) {
     return false;
   }
 
+  // rewrite constant pool references in the LoadableDescriptors attribute:
+  if (!rewrite_cp_refs_in_loadable_descriptors_attribute(scratch_class)) {
+    // propagate failure back to caller
+    return false;
+  }
+
   // rewrite constant pool references in the methods:
   if (!rewrite_cp_refs_in_methods(scratch_class)) {
     // propagate failure back to caller
@@ -2076,6 +2081,19 @@ bool VM_RedefineClasses::rewrite_cp_refs_in_permitted_subclasses_attribute(
   return true;
 }
 
+// Rewrite constant pool references in the LoadableDescriptors attribute.
+bool VM_RedefineClasses::rewrite_cp_refs_in_loadable_descriptors_attribute(
+       InstanceKlass* scratch_class) {
+
+  Array<u2>* loadable_descriptors = scratch_class->loadable_descriptors();
+  assert(loadable_descriptors != nullptr, "unexpected null loadable_descriptors");
+  for (int i = 0; i < loadable_descriptors->length(); i++) {
+    u2 cp_index = loadable_descriptors->at(i);
+    loadable_descriptors->at_put(i, find_new_index(cp_index));
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
 // Rewrite constant pool references in the methods.
 bool VM_RedefineClasses::rewrite_cp_refs_in_methods(InstanceKlass* scratch_class) {
 
@@ -3263,6 +3281,14 @@ void VM_RedefineClasses::rewrite_cp_refs_in_stack_map_table(
     u1 frame_type = *stackmap_p;
     stackmap_p++;
 
+   if (frame_type == StackMapReader::EARLY_LARVAL) {
+     // rewrite_cp_refs in unset fields and fall through.
+     rewrite_cp_refs_in_early_larval_stackmaps(stackmap_p, stackmap_end, calc_number_of_entries, frame_type);
+     // The larval frames point to the next frame, so advance to the next frame and fall through.
+     frame_type = *stackmap_p;
+     stackmap_p++;
+   }
+
     // same_frame {
     //   u1 frame_type = SAME; /* 0-63 */
     // }
@@ -3472,6 +3498,29 @@ void VM_RedefineClasses::rewrite_cp_refs_in_verification_type_info(
 } // end rewrite_cp_refs_in_verification_type_info()
 
 
+void VM_RedefineClasses::rewrite_cp_refs_in_early_larval_stackmaps(
+       address& stackmap_p_ref, address stackmap_end, u2 frame_i,
+       u1 frame_type) {
+
+    u2 num_early_larval_stackmaps = Bytes::get_Java_u2(stackmap_p_ref);
+    stackmap_p_ref += 2;
+
+    for (u2 i = 0; i < num_early_larval_stackmaps; i++) {
+
+      u2 name_and_ref_index = Bytes::get_Java_u2(stackmap_p_ref);
+      u2 new_cp_index = find_new_index(name_and_ref_index);
+      if (new_cp_index != 0) {
+        log_debug(redefine, class, stackmap)("mapped old name_and_ref_index=%d", name_and_ref_index);
+        Bytes::put_Java_u2(stackmap_p_ref, new_cp_index);
+        name_and_ref_index = new_cp_index;
+      }
+      log_debug(redefine, class, stackmap)
+        ("frame_i=%u, frame_type=%u, name_and_ref_index=%d", frame_i, frame_type, name_and_ref_index);
+
+      stackmap_p_ref += 2;
+    }
+} // rewrite_cp_refs_in_early_larval_stackmaps
+
 // Change the constant pool associated with klass scratch_class to scratch_cp.
 // scratch_cp_length elements are copied from scratch_cp to a smaller constant pool
 // and the smaller constant pool is associated with scratch_class.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiRedefineClasses.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiRedefineClasses.hpp
index 3f1b555b175..e67113ec41f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiRedefineClasses.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiRedefineClasses.hpp
@@ -477,6 +477,7 @@ class VM_RedefineClasses: public VM_Operation {
   bool rewrite_cp_refs_in_nest_attributes(InstanceKlass* scratch_class);
   bool rewrite_cp_refs_in_record_attribute(InstanceKlass* scratch_class);
   bool rewrite_cp_refs_in_permitted_subclasses_attribute(InstanceKlass* scratch_class);
+  bool rewrite_cp_refs_in_loadable_descriptors_attribute(InstanceKlass* scratch_class);
 
   void rewrite_cp_refs_in_method(methodHandle method,
     methodHandle * new_method_p, TRAPS);
@@ -493,6 +494,10 @@ class VM_RedefineClasses: public VM_Operation {
   void rewrite_cp_refs_in_verification_type_info(
          address& stackmap_addr_ref, address stackmap_end, u2 frame_i,
          u1 frame_size);
+  void rewrite_cp_refs_in_early_larval_stackmaps(
+         address& stackmap_p_ref, address stackmap_end, u2 frame_i,
+         u1 frame_type);
+
   void set_new_constant_pool(ClassLoaderData* loader_data,
          InstanceKlass* scratch_class,
          constantPoolHandle scratch_cp, int scratch_cp_length, TRAPS);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiTagMap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiTagMap.cpp
index 9724a61ba3d..3b20628af95 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiTagMap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiTagMap.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -37,12 +37,16 @@
 #include "oops/arrayOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/constantPool.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/valuePayload.inline.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiEventController.inline.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiImpl.hpp"
@@ -71,6 +75,66 @@
 
 typedef ObjectBitSet<mtServiceability> JVMTIBitSet;
 
+
+// Helper class to store objects to visit.
+class JvmtiHeapwalkVisitStack {
+private:
+  enum {
+    initial_visit_stack_size = 4000
+  };
+
+  GrowableArray<JvmtiHeapwalkObject>* _visit_stack;
+  JVMTIBitSet _bitset;
+
+  static GrowableArray<JvmtiHeapwalkObject>* create_visit_stack() {
+    return new (mtServiceability) GrowableArray<JvmtiHeapwalkObject>(initial_visit_stack_size, mtServiceability);
+  }
+
+public:
+  JvmtiHeapwalkVisitStack(): _visit_stack(create_visit_stack()) {
+  }
+  ~JvmtiHeapwalkVisitStack() {
+    if (_visit_stack != nullptr) {
+      delete _visit_stack;
+    }
+  }
+
+  bool is_empty() const {
+    return _visit_stack->is_empty();
+  }
+
+  void push(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) {
+    _visit_stack->push(obj);
+  }
+
+  // If the object hasn't been visited then push it onto the visit stack
+  // so that it will be visited later.
+  void check_for_visit(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) {
+    if (!is_visited(obj)) {
+      _visit_stack->push(obj);
+    }
+  }
+
+  JvmtiHeapwalkObject pop() {
+    return _visit_stack->pop();
+  }
+
+  bool is_visited(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) {
+    // The method is called only for objects from visit_stack to ensure an object is not visited twice.
+    // Flat objects can be added to visit_stack only when we visit their holder object, so we cannot get duplicate reference to it.
+    if (obj.is_flat()) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    return _bitset.is_marked(obj.obj());
+  }
+
+  void mark_visited(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) {
+    if (!obj.is_flat()) {
+      _bitset.mark_obj(obj.obj());
+    }
+  }
+};
+
 bool JvmtiTagMap::_has_object_free_events = false;
 
 // create a JvmtiTagMap
@@ -78,12 +142,14 @@ JvmtiTagMap::JvmtiTagMap(JvmtiEnv* env) :
   _env(env),
   _lock(Mutex::nosafepoint, "JvmtiTagMap_lock"),
   _needs_cleaning(false),
-  _posting_events(false) {
+  _posting_events(false),
+  _converting_flat_object(false) {
 
   assert(JvmtiThreadState_lock->is_locked(), "sanity check");
   assert(((JvmtiEnvBase *)env)->tag_map() == nullptr, "tag map already exists for environment");
 
   _hashmap = new JvmtiTagMapTable();
+  _flat_hashmap = new JvmtiFlatTagMapTable();
 
   // finally add us to the environment
   ((JvmtiEnvBase *)env)->release_set_tag_map(this);
@@ -99,6 +165,7 @@ JvmtiTagMap::~JvmtiTagMap() {
   // finally destroy the hashmap
   delete _hashmap;
   _hashmap = nullptr;
+  delete _flat_hashmap;
 }
 
 // Called by env_dispose() to reclaim memory before deallocation.
@@ -107,6 +174,7 @@ JvmtiTagMap::~JvmtiTagMap() {
 void JvmtiTagMap::clear() {
   MutexLocker ml(lock(), Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
   _hashmap->clear();
+  _flat_hashmap->clear();
 }
 
 // returns the tag map for the given environments. If the tag map
@@ -125,15 +193,10 @@ JvmtiTagMap* JvmtiTagMap::tag_map_for(JvmtiEnv* env) {
   return tag_map;
 }
 
-// iterate over all entries in the tag map.
-void JvmtiTagMap::entry_iterate(JvmtiTagMapKeyClosure* closure) {
-  hashmap()->entry_iterate(closure);
-}
-
 // returns true if the hashmaps are empty
-bool JvmtiTagMap::is_empty() {
+bool JvmtiTagMap::is_empty() const {
   assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint() || is_locked(), "checking");
-  return hashmap()->is_empty();
+  return _hashmap->is_empty() && _flat_hashmap->is_empty();
 }
 
 // This checks for posting and is called from the heap walks.
@@ -153,11 +216,185 @@ void JvmtiTagMap::check_hashmaps_for_heapwalk(GrowableArray<jlong>* objects) {
   }
 }
 
-// Return the tag value for an object, or 0 if the object is
-// not tagged
-//
-static inline jlong tag_for(JvmtiTagMap* tag_map, oop o) {
-  return tag_map->hashmap()->find(o);
+// Converts entries from JvmtiFlatTagMapTable to JvmtiTagMapTable in batches.
+//   1. (JvmtiTagMap is locked)
+//      reads entries from JvmtiFlatTagMapTable (describe flat value objects);
+//   2. (JvmtiTagMap is unlocked)
+//      creates heap-allocated copies of the flat object;
+//   3. (JvmtiTagMap is locked)
+//      ensures source entry still exists, removes it from JvmtiFlatTagMapTable, adds new entry to JvmtiTagMapTable.
+// If some error occurs in step 2 (OOM?), the process stops.
+class JvmtiTagMapFlatEntryConverter: public StackObj {
+private:
+  struct Entry {
+    // source flat value object
+    Handle holder;
+    int offset;
+    InlineKlass* inline_klass;
+    LayoutKind layout_kind;
+    // converted heap-allocated object
+    Handle dst;
+
+    Entry(): holder(), offset(0), inline_klass(nullptr), dst() {}
+    Entry(Handle holder, int offset, InlineKlass* inline_klass, LayoutKind lk)
+      : holder(holder), offset(offset), inline_klass(inline_klass), layout_kind(lk), dst() {}
+  };
+
+  int _batch_size;
+  GrowableArray<Entry> _entries;
+  bool _has_error;
+
+public:
+  JvmtiTagMapFlatEntryConverter(int batch_size): _batch_size(batch_size), _entries(batch_size, mtServiceability), _has_error(false) { }
+  ~JvmtiTagMapFlatEntryConverter() {}
+
+  // returns false if there is nothing to convert
+  bool import_entries(JvmtiFlatTagMapTable* table) {
+    if (_has_error) {
+      // stop the process to avoid infinite loop
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    class Importer: public JvmtiFlatTagMapKeyClosure {
+    private:
+      GrowableArray<Entry>& _entries;
+      int _batch_size;
+    public:
+      Importer(GrowableArray<Entry>& entries, int batch_size): _entries(entries), _batch_size(batch_size) {}
+
+      bool do_entry(JvmtiFlatTagMapKey& key, jlong& tag) {
+        Entry entry(Handle(Thread::current(), key.holder()), key.offset(), key.inline_klass(), key.layout_kind());
+        _entries.append(entry);
+
+        return _entries.length() < _batch_size;
+      }
+    } importer(_entries, _batch_size);
+    table->entry_iterate(&importer);
+
+    return !_entries.is_empty();
+  }
+
+  void convert() {
+    for (int i = 0; i < _entries.length(); i++) {
+      EXCEPTION_MARK;
+      Entry& entry = _entries.at(i);
+      FlatValuePayload payload = FlatValuePayload::construct_from_parts(
+          entry.holder(), entry.offset, entry.inline_klass, entry.layout_kind);
+      oop obj = payload.read(JavaThread::current());
+
+      if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
+        tty->print_cr("Exception in JvmtiTagMapFlatEntryConverter: ");
+        java_lang_Throwable::print(PENDING_EXCEPTION, tty);
+        tty->cr();
+        CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+        // stop the conversion
+        _has_error = true;
+      } else {
+        entry.dst = Handle(Thread::current(), obj);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // returns number of converted entries
+  int move(JvmtiFlatTagMapTable* src_table, JvmtiTagMapTable* dst_table) {
+    int count = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < _entries.length(); i++) {
+      Entry& entry = _entries.at(i);
+      if (entry.dst() == nullptr) {
+        // some error during conversion, skip the entry
+        continue;
+      }
+      JvmtiHeapwalkObject obj(entry.holder(), entry.offset, entry.inline_klass, entry.layout_kind);
+      jlong tag = src_table->remove(obj);
+
+      if (tag != 0) { // ensure the entry is still in the src_table
+        dst_table->add(entry.dst(), tag);
+        count++;
+      } else {
+
+      }
+    }
+    // and clean the array
+    _entries.clear();
+    return count;
+  }
+};
+
+void JvmtiTagMap::convert_flat_object_entries() {
+  Thread* current = Thread::current();
+  assert(current->is_Java_thread(), "must be executed on JavaThread");
+
+  log_debug(jvmti, table)("convert_flat_object_entries, main table size = %d, flat table size = %d",
+                          _hashmap->number_of_entries(), _flat_hashmap->number_of_entries());
+
+  {
+    MonitorLocker ml(lock(), Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
+    // If another thread is converting, let it finish.
+    while (_converting_flat_object) {
+      ml.wait();
+    }
+    if (_flat_hashmap->is_empty()) {
+      // nothing to convert
+      return;
+    }
+    _converting_flat_object = true;
+  }
+
+  const int BATCH_SIZE = 1024;
+  JvmtiTagMapFlatEntryConverter converter(BATCH_SIZE);
+
+  int count = 0;
+  while (true) {
+    HandleMark hm(current);
+    {
+      MonitorLocker ml(lock(), Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
+      if (!converter.import_entries(_flat_hashmap)) {
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    // Convert flat objects to heap-allocated without table lock (so agent callbacks can get/set tags).
+    converter.convert();
+    {
+      MonitorLocker ml(lock(), Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
+      count += converter.move(_flat_hashmap, _hashmap);
+    }
+  }
+
+  log_info(jvmti, table)("%d flat value objects are converted, flat table size = %d",
+                         count, _flat_hashmap->number_of_entries());
+  {
+    MonitorLocker ml(lock(), Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
+    _converting_flat_object = false;
+    ml.notify_all();
+  }
+}
+
+jlong JvmtiTagMap::find(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) const {
+  jlong tag = _hashmap->find(obj);
+  if (tag == 0 && obj.is_value()) {
+    tag = _flat_hashmap->find(obj);
+  }
+  return tag;
+}
+
+void JvmtiTagMap::add(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj, jlong tag) {
+  if (obj.is_flat()) {
+    // we may have tag for equal (non-flat) object in _hashmap, try to update it 1st
+    if (!_hashmap->update(obj, tag)) {
+      // no entry in _hashmap, add to _flat_hashmap
+      _flat_hashmap->add(obj, tag);
+    }
+  } else {
+    _hashmap->add(obj, tag);
+  }
+}
+
+void JvmtiTagMap::remove(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) {
+  if (!_hashmap->remove(obj)) {
+    if (obj.is_value()) {
+      _flat_hashmap->remove(obj);
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 // A CallbackWrapper is a support class for querying and tagging an object
@@ -178,8 +415,7 @@ static inline jlong tag_for(JvmtiTagMap* tag_map, oop o) {
 class CallbackWrapper : public StackObj {
  private:
   JvmtiTagMap* _tag_map;
-  JvmtiTagMapTable* _hashmap;
-  oop _o;
+  const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& _o;
   jlong _obj_size;
   jlong _obj_tag;
   jlong _klass_tag;
@@ -188,34 +424,36 @@ class CallbackWrapper : public StackObj {
   JvmtiTagMap* tag_map() const { return _tag_map; }
 
   // invoked post-callback to tag, untag, or update the tag of an object
-  void inline post_callback_tag_update(oop o, JvmtiTagMapTable* hashmap,
-                                       jlong obj_tag);
+  void inline post_callback_tag_update(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& o, JvmtiTagMap* tag_map, jlong obj_tag);
+
  public:
-  CallbackWrapper(JvmtiTagMap* tag_map, oop o) {
+  CallbackWrapper(JvmtiTagMap* tag_map, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& o)
+    : _tag_map(tag_map), _o(o)
+  {
     assert(Thread::current()->is_VM_thread() || tag_map->is_locked(),
            "MT unsafe or must be VM thread");
 
-    // object to tag
-    _o = o;
-
     // object size
-    _obj_size = (jlong)_o->size() * wordSize;
-
-    // record the context
-    _tag_map = tag_map;
-    _hashmap = tag_map->hashmap();
+    if (!o.is_flat()) {
+      // common case: we have oop
+      _obj_size = (jlong)o.obj()->size() * wordSize;
+    } else {
+      // flat value object, we know its InstanceKlass
+      assert(_o.inline_klass() != nullptr, "must be");
+      _obj_size = _o.inline_klass()->size() * wordSize;
+    }
 
     // get object tag
-    _obj_tag = _hashmap->find(_o);
+    _obj_tag = _tag_map->find(_o);
 
     // get the class and the class's tag value
     assert(vmClasses::Class_klass()->is_mirror_instance_klass(), "Is not?");
 
-    _klass_tag = tag_for(tag_map, _o->klass()->java_mirror());
+    _klass_tag = _tag_map->find(_o.klass()->java_mirror());
   }
 
   ~CallbackWrapper() {
-    post_callback_tag_update(_o, _hashmap, _obj_tag);
+    post_callback_tag_update(_o, _tag_map, _obj_tag);
   }
 
   inline jlong* obj_tag_p()                     { return &_obj_tag; }
@@ -225,17 +463,17 @@ class CallbackWrapper : public StackObj {
 };
 
 // callback post-callback to tag, untag, or update the tag of an object
-void inline CallbackWrapper::post_callback_tag_update(oop o,
-                                                      JvmtiTagMapTable* hashmap,
+void inline CallbackWrapper::post_callback_tag_update(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& o,
+                                                      JvmtiTagMap* tag_map,
                                                       jlong obj_tag) {
   if (obj_tag == 0) {
     // callback has untagged the object, remove the entry if present
-    hashmap->remove(o);
+    tag_map->remove(o);
   } else {
     // object was previously tagged or not present - the callback may have
     // changed the tag value
     assert(Thread::current()->is_VM_thread(), "must be VMThread");
-    hashmap->add(o, obj_tag);
+    tag_map->add(o, obj_tag);
   }
 }
 
@@ -257,9 +495,8 @@ void inline CallbackWrapper::post_callback_tag_update(oop o,
 //
 class TwoOopCallbackWrapper : public CallbackWrapper {
  private:
+  const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& _referrer;
   bool _is_reference_to_self;
-  JvmtiTagMapTable* _referrer_hashmap;
-  oop _referrer;
   jlong _referrer_obj_tag;
   jlong _referrer_klass_tag;
   jlong* _referrer_tag_p;
@@ -267,8 +504,8 @@ class TwoOopCallbackWrapper : public CallbackWrapper {
   bool is_reference_to_self() const             { return _is_reference_to_self; }
 
  public:
-  TwoOopCallbackWrapper(JvmtiTagMap* tag_map, oop referrer, oop o) :
-    CallbackWrapper(tag_map, o)
+  TwoOopCallbackWrapper(JvmtiTagMap* tag_map, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& o) :
+    CallbackWrapper(tag_map, o), _referrer(referrer)
   {
     // self reference needs to be handled in a special way
     _is_reference_to_self = (referrer == o);
@@ -277,24 +514,20 @@ class TwoOopCallbackWrapper : public CallbackWrapper {
       _referrer_klass_tag = klass_tag();
       _referrer_tag_p = obj_tag_p();
     } else {
-      _referrer = referrer;
-      // record the context
-      _referrer_hashmap = tag_map->hashmap();
-
       // get object tag
-      _referrer_obj_tag = _referrer_hashmap->find(_referrer);
+      _referrer_obj_tag = tag_map->find(_referrer);
 
       _referrer_tag_p = &_referrer_obj_tag;
 
       // get referrer class tag.
-      _referrer_klass_tag = tag_for(tag_map, _referrer->klass()->java_mirror());
+      _referrer_klass_tag = tag_map->find(_referrer.klass()->java_mirror());
     }
   }
 
   ~TwoOopCallbackWrapper() {
     if (!is_reference_to_self()) {
       post_callback_tag_update(_referrer,
-                               _referrer_hashmap,
+                               tag_map(),
                                _referrer_obj_tag);
     }
   }
@@ -319,15 +552,14 @@ void JvmtiTagMap::set_tag(jobject object, jlong tag) {
   oop o = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(object);
 
   // see if the object is already tagged
-  JvmtiTagMapTable* hashmap = _hashmap;
-
+  JvmtiHeapwalkObject obj(o);
   if (tag == 0) {
     // remove the entry if present
-    hashmap->remove(o);
+    _hashmap->remove(obj);
   } else {
     // if the object is already tagged or not present then we add/update
     // the tag
-    hashmap->add(o, tag);
+    add(obj, tag);
   }
 }
 
@@ -338,7 +570,7 @@ jlong JvmtiTagMap::get_tag(jobject object) {
   // resolve the object
   oop o = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(object);
 
-  return tag_for(this, o);
+  return find(o);
 }
 
 
@@ -351,13 +583,28 @@ class ClassFieldDescriptor: public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
   int _field_index;
   int _field_offset;
   char _field_type;
+  InlineKlass* _inline_klass; // nullptr for heap object
+  LayoutKind _layout_kind;
  public:
-  ClassFieldDescriptor(int index, char type, int offset) :
-    _field_index(index), _field_offset(offset), _field_type(type) {
+  ClassFieldDescriptor(int index, const FieldStreamBase& fld) :
+      _field_index(index), _field_offset(fld.offset()), _field_type(fld.signature()->char_at(0)) {
+    if (fld.is_flat()) {
+      const fieldDescriptor& fd = fld.field_descriptor();
+      InstanceKlass* holder_klass = fd.field_holder();
+      InlineLayoutInfo* layout_info = holder_klass->inline_layout_info_adr(fd.index());
+      _inline_klass = layout_info->klass();
+      _layout_kind = layout_info->kind();
+    } else {
+      _inline_klass = nullptr;
+      _layout_kind = LayoutKind::REFERENCE;
+    }
   }
   int field_index()  const  { return _field_index; }
   char field_type()  const  { return _field_type; }
   int field_offset() const  { return _field_offset; }
+  bool is_flat()     const  { return _inline_klass != nullptr; }
+  InlineKlass* inline_klass() const { return _inline_klass; }
+  LayoutKind layout_kind() const { return _layout_kind; }
 };
 
 class ClassFieldMap: public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
@@ -376,7 +623,7 @@ class ClassFieldMap: public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
   static int interfaces_field_count(InstanceKlass* ik);
 
   // add a field
-  void add(int index, char type, int offset);
+  void add(int index, const FieldStreamBase& fld);
 
  public:
   ~ClassFieldMap();
@@ -387,7 +634,7 @@ class ClassFieldMap: public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
 
   // functions to create maps of static or instance fields
   static ClassFieldMap* create_map_of_static_fields(Klass* k);
-  static ClassFieldMap* create_map_of_instance_fields(oop obj);
+  static ClassFieldMap* create_map_of_instance_fields(Klass* k);
 };
 
 ClassFieldMap::ClassFieldMap() {
@@ -412,8 +659,8 @@ int ClassFieldMap::interfaces_field_count(InstanceKlass* ik) {
   return count;
 }
 
-void ClassFieldMap::add(int index, char type, int offset) {
-  ClassFieldDescriptor* field = new ClassFieldDescriptor(index, type, offset);
+void ClassFieldMap::add(int index, const FieldStreamBase& fld) {
+  ClassFieldDescriptor* field = new ClassFieldDescriptor(index, fld);
   _fields->append(field);
 }
 
@@ -437,7 +684,7 @@ ClassFieldMap* ClassFieldMap::create_map_of_static_fields(Klass* k) {
     if (!fld.access_flags().is_static()) {
       continue;
     }
-    field_map->add(index, fld.signature()->char_at(0), fld.offset());
+    field_map->add(index, fld);
   }
 
   return field_map;
@@ -446,8 +693,8 @@ ClassFieldMap* ClassFieldMap::create_map_of_static_fields(Klass* k) {
 // Returns a heap allocated ClassFieldMap to describe the instance fields
 // of the given class. All instance fields are included (this means public
 // and private fields declared in superclasses too).
-ClassFieldMap* ClassFieldMap::create_map_of_instance_fields(oop obj) {
-  InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(obj->klass());
+ClassFieldMap* ClassFieldMap::create_map_of_instance_fields(Klass* k) {
+  InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
 
   // create the field map
   ClassFieldMap* field_map = new ClassFieldMap();
@@ -466,7 +713,7 @@ ClassFieldMap* ClassFieldMap::create_map_of_instance_fields(oop obj) {
       if (fld.access_flags().is_static()) {
         continue;
       }
-      field_map->add(start_index + index, fld.signature()->char_at(0), fld.offset());
+      field_map->add(start_index + index, fld);
     }
     // update total_field_number for superclass (decrease by the field count in the current class)
     total_field_number = start_index;
@@ -496,9 +743,9 @@ class JvmtiCachedClassFieldMap : public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
   static void add_to_class_list(InstanceKlass* ik);
 
  public:
-  // returns the field map for a given object (returning map cached
+  // returns the field map for a given klass (returning map cached
   // by InstanceKlass if possible
-  static ClassFieldMap* get_map_of_instance_fields(oop obj);
+  static ClassFieldMap* get_map_of_instance_fields(Klass* k);
 
   // removes the field map from all instanceKlasses - should be
   // called before VM operation completes
@@ -550,13 +797,12 @@ void JvmtiCachedClassFieldMap::add_to_class_list(InstanceKlass* ik) {
   _class_list->push(ik);
 }
 
-// returns the instance field map for the given object
+// returns the instance field map for the given klass
 // (returns field map cached by the InstanceKlass if possible)
-ClassFieldMap* JvmtiCachedClassFieldMap::get_map_of_instance_fields(oop obj) {
+ClassFieldMap* JvmtiCachedClassFieldMap::get_map_of_instance_fields(Klass *k) {
   assert(Thread::current()->is_VM_thread(), "must be VMThread");
   assert(ClassFieldMapCacheMark::is_active(), "ClassFieldMapCacheMark not active");
 
-  Klass* k = obj->klass();
   InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
 
   // return cached map if possible
@@ -565,7 +811,7 @@ ClassFieldMap* JvmtiCachedClassFieldMap::get_map_of_instance_fields(oop obj) {
     assert(cached_map->field_map() != nullptr, "missing field list");
     return cached_map->field_map();
   } else {
-    ClassFieldMap* field_map = ClassFieldMap::create_map_of_instance_fields(obj);
+    ClassFieldMap* field_map = ClassFieldMap::create_map_of_instance_fields(k);
     cached_map = new JvmtiCachedClassFieldMap(field_map);
     ik->set_jvmti_cached_class_field_map(cached_map);
     add_to_class_list(ik);
@@ -617,9 +863,9 @@ static inline bool is_filtered_by_heap_filter(jlong obj_tag,
 }
 
 // helper function to indicate if an object is filtered by a klass filter
-static inline bool is_filtered_by_klass_filter(oop obj, Klass* klass_filter) {
+static inline bool is_filtered_by_klass_filter(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj, Klass* klass_filter) {
   if (klass_filter != nullptr) {
-    if (obj->klass() != klass_filter) {
+    if (obj.klass() != klass_filter) {
       return true;
     }
   }
@@ -650,9 +896,11 @@ static inline void copy_to_jvalue(jvalue *v, address addr, jvmtiPrimitiveType va
 // returns visit control flags
 static jint invoke_string_value_callback(jvmtiStringPrimitiveValueCallback cb,
                                          CallbackWrapper* wrapper,
-                                         oop str,
+                                         const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj,
                                          void* user_data)
 {
+  assert(!obj.is_flat(), "cannot be flat");
+  oop str = obj.obj();
   assert(str->klass() == vmClasses::String_klass(), "not a string");
 
   typeArrayOop s_value = java_lang_String::value(str);
@@ -701,13 +949,14 @@ static jint invoke_string_value_callback(jvmtiStringPrimitiveValueCallback cb,
 // returns visit control flags
 static jint invoke_array_primitive_value_callback(jvmtiArrayPrimitiveValueCallback cb,
                                                   CallbackWrapper* wrapper,
-                                                  oop obj,
+                                                  const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj,
                                                   void* user_data)
 {
-  assert(obj->is_typeArray(), "not a primitive array");
+  assert(!obj.is_flat(), "cannot be flat");
+  assert(obj.obj()->is_typeArray(), "not a primitive array");
 
   // get base address of first element
-  typeArrayOop array = typeArrayOop(obj);
+  typeArrayOop array = typeArrayOop(obj.obj());
   BasicType type = TypeArrayKlass::cast(array->klass())->element_type();
   void* elements = array->base(type);
 
@@ -797,7 +1046,7 @@ static jint invoke_primitive_field_callback_for_static_fields
 // of a given object
 static jint invoke_primitive_field_callback_for_instance_fields(
   CallbackWrapper* wrapper,
-  oop obj,
+  const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj,
   jvmtiPrimitiveFieldCallback cb,
   void* user_data)
 {
@@ -805,7 +1054,7 @@ static jint invoke_primitive_field_callback_for_instance_fields(
   static jvmtiHeapReferenceInfo reference_info = { 0 };
 
   // get the map of the instance fields
-  ClassFieldMap* fields = JvmtiCachedClassFieldMap::get_map_of_instance_fields(obj);
+  ClassFieldMap* fields = JvmtiCachedClassFieldMap::get_map_of_instance_fields(obj.klass());
 
   // invoke the callback for each instance primitive field
   for (int i=0; i<fields->field_count(); i++) {
@@ -819,9 +1068,8 @@ static jint invoke_primitive_field_callback_for_instance_fields(
     // one-to-one mapping
     jvmtiPrimitiveType value_type = (jvmtiPrimitiveType)type;
 
-    // get offset and field value
-    int offset = field->field_offset();
-    address addr = cast_from_oop<address>(obj) + offset;
+    // get field value
+    address addr = cast_from_oop<address>(obj.obj()) + obj.offset() + field->field_offset();
     jvalue value;
     copy_to_jvalue(&value, addr, value_type);
 
@@ -935,7 +1183,8 @@ void IterateOverHeapObjectClosure::do_object(oop o) {
   }
 
   // prepare for the calllback
-  CallbackWrapper wrapper(tag_map(), o);
+  JvmtiHeapwalkObject wrapper_obj(o);
+  CallbackWrapper wrapper(tag_map(), wrapper_obj);
 
   // if the object is tagged and we're only interested in untagged objects
   // then don't invoke the callback. Similarly, if the object is untagged
@@ -987,6 +1236,10 @@ class IterateThroughHeapObjectClosure: public ObjectClosure {
     return is_abort;
   }
 
+  void visit_object(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj);
+  void visit_flat_fields(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj);
+  void visit_flat_array_elements(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj);
+
  public:
   IterateThroughHeapObjectClosure(JvmtiTagMap* tag_map,
                                   Klass* klass,
@@ -1002,7 +1255,7 @@ class IterateThroughHeapObjectClosure: public ObjectClosure {
   {
   }
 
-  void do_object(oop o);
+  void do_object(oop obj);
 };
 
 // invoked for each object in the heap
@@ -1011,16 +1264,20 @@ void IterateThroughHeapObjectClosure::do_object(oop obj) {
   // check if iteration has been halted
   if (is_iteration_aborted()) return;
 
-  // apply class filter
-  if (is_filtered_by_klass_filter(obj, klass())) return;
-
   // skip if object is a dormant shared object whose mirror hasn't been loaded
-  if (obj->klass()->java_mirror() == nullptr) {
+  if (obj != nullptr && obj->klass()->java_mirror() == nullptr) {
     log_debug(aot, heap)("skipped dormant archived object " INTPTR_FORMAT " (%s)", p2i(obj),
                          obj->klass()->external_name());
     return;
   }
 
+  visit_object(obj);
+}
+
+void IterateThroughHeapObjectClosure::visit_object(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) {
+  // apply class filter
+  if (is_filtered_by_klass_filter(obj, klass())) return;
+
   // prepare for callback
   CallbackWrapper wrapper(tag_map(), obj);
 
@@ -1030,8 +1287,8 @@ void IterateThroughHeapObjectClosure::do_object(oop obj) {
   }
 
   // for arrays we need the length, otherwise -1
-  bool is_array = obj->is_array();
-  int len = is_array ? arrayOop(obj)->length() : -1;
+  bool is_array = obj.klass()->is_array_klass();
+  int len = is_array ? arrayOop(obj.obj())->length() : -1;
 
   // invoke the object callback (if callback is provided)
   if (callbacks()->heap_iteration_callback != nullptr) {
@@ -1045,19 +1302,20 @@ void IterateThroughHeapObjectClosure::do_object(oop obj) {
   }
 
   // for objects and classes we report primitive fields if callback provided
-  if (callbacks()->primitive_field_callback != nullptr && obj->is_instance()) {
+  if (callbacks()->primitive_field_callback != nullptr && obj.klass()->is_instance_klass()) {
     jint res;
     jvmtiPrimitiveFieldCallback cb = callbacks()->primitive_field_callback;
-    if (obj->klass() == vmClasses::Class_klass()) {
+    if (obj.klass() == vmClasses::Class_klass()) {
+      assert(!obj.is_flat(), "Class object cannot be flattened");
       res = invoke_primitive_field_callback_for_static_fields(&wrapper,
-                                                                    obj,
-                                                                    cb,
-                                                                    (void*)user_data());
+                                                              obj.obj(),
+                                                              cb,
+                                                              (void*)user_data());
     } else {
       res = invoke_primitive_field_callback_for_instance_fields(&wrapper,
-                                                                      obj,
-                                                                      cb,
-                                                                      (void*)user_data());
+                                                                obj,
+                                                                cb,
+                                                                (void*)user_data());
     }
     if (check_flags_for_abort(res)) return;
   }
@@ -1065,28 +1323,107 @@ void IterateThroughHeapObjectClosure::do_object(oop obj) {
   // string callback
   if (!is_array &&
       callbacks()->string_primitive_value_callback != nullptr &&
-      obj->klass() == vmClasses::String_klass()) {
+      obj.klass() == vmClasses::String_klass()) {
     jint res = invoke_string_value_callback(
                 callbacks()->string_primitive_value_callback,
                 &wrapper,
                 obj,
-                (void*)user_data() );
+                (void*)user_data());
     if (check_flags_for_abort(res)) return;
   }
 
   // array callback
   if (is_array &&
       callbacks()->array_primitive_value_callback != nullptr &&
-      obj->is_typeArray()) {
+      obj.klass()->is_typeArray_klass()) {
     jint res = invoke_array_primitive_value_callback(
                callbacks()->array_primitive_value_callback,
                &wrapper,
                obj,
-               (void*)user_data() );
+               (void*)user_data());
     if (check_flags_for_abort(res)) return;
   }
-};
 
+  // All info for the object is reported.
+
+  // If the object has flat fields, report them as heap objects.
+  if (obj.klass()->is_instance_klass()) {
+    if (InstanceKlass::cast(obj.klass())->has_inlined_fields()) {
+      visit_flat_fields(obj);
+      // check if iteration has been halted
+      if (is_iteration_aborted()) {
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  // If the object is flat array, report all elements as heap objects.
+  if (is_array && obj.obj()->is_flatArray()) {
+    assert(!obj.is_flat(), "Array object cannot be flattened");
+    visit_flat_array_elements(obj);
+  }
+}
+
+void IterateThroughHeapObjectClosure::visit_flat_fields(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) {
+  // iterate over instance fields
+  ClassFieldMap* fields = JvmtiCachedClassFieldMap::get_map_of_instance_fields(obj.klass());
+  for (int i = 0; i < fields->field_count(); i++) {
+    ClassFieldDescriptor* field = fields->field_at(i);
+    // skip non-flat and (for safety) primitive fields
+    if (!field->is_flat() || is_primitive_field_type(field->field_type())) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    int field_offset = field->field_offset();
+    if (obj.is_flat()) {
+      // the object is inlined, its fields are stored without the header
+      field_offset += obj.offset() - obj.inline_klass()->payload_offset();
+    }
+    // check for possible nulls
+    if (LayoutKindHelper::is_nullable_flat(field->layout_kind())) {
+      address payload = cast_from_oop<address>(obj.obj()) + field_offset;
+      if (field->inline_klass()->is_payload_marked_as_null(payload)) {
+        continue;
+      }
+    }
+    JvmtiHeapwalkObject field_obj(obj.obj(), field_offset, field->inline_klass(), field->layout_kind());
+
+    visit_object(field_obj);
+
+    // check if iteration has been halted
+    if (is_iteration_aborted()) {
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void IterateThroughHeapObjectClosure::visit_flat_array_elements(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) {
+  assert(!obj.is_flat() && obj.obj()->is_flatArray() , "sanity check");
+  flatArrayOop array = flatArrayOop(obj.obj());
+  FlatArrayKlass* fak = array->klass();
+  InlineKlass* vk = fak->element_klass();
+  bool need_null_check = LayoutKindHelper::is_nullable_flat(fak->layout_kind());
+
+  for (int index = 0; index < array->length(); index++) {
+    address addr = (address)array->value_at_addr(index, fak->layout_helper());
+    // check for null
+    if (need_null_check) {
+      if (vk->is_payload_marked_as_null(addr)) {
+        continue;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // offset in the array oop
+    int offset = (int)(addr - cast_from_oop<address>(array));
+    JvmtiHeapwalkObject elem(obj.obj(), offset, vk, fak->layout_kind());
+
+    visit_object(elem);
+
+    // check if iteration has been halted
+    if (is_iteration_aborted()) {
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+}
 
 // Deprecated function to iterate over all objects in the heap
 void JvmtiTagMap::iterate_over_heap(jvmtiHeapObjectFilter object_filter,
@@ -1111,6 +1448,8 @@ void JvmtiTagMap::iterate_over_heap(jvmtiHeapObjectFilter object_filter,
     VM_HeapIterateOperation op(&blk, &dead_objects);
     VMThread::execute(&op);
   }
+  convert_flat_object_entries();
+
   // Post events outside of Heap_lock
   post_dead_objects(&dead_objects);
 }
@@ -1138,6 +1477,8 @@ void JvmtiTagMap::iterate_through_heap(jint heap_filter,
     VM_HeapIterateOperation op(&blk, &dead_objects);
     VMThread::execute(&op);
   }
+  convert_flat_object_entries();
+
   // Post events outside of Heap_lock
   post_dead_objects(&dead_objects);
 }
@@ -1151,7 +1492,7 @@ void JvmtiTagMap::remove_dead_entries_locked(GrowableArray<jlong>* objects) {
     }
     log_info(jvmti, table)("TagMap table needs cleaning%s",
                            ((objects != nullptr) ? " and posting" : ""));
-    hashmap()->remove_dead_entries(objects);
+    _hashmap->remove_dead_entries(objects);
     _needs_cleaning = false;
   }
 }
@@ -1306,6 +1647,9 @@ class TagObjectCollector : public JvmtiTagMapKeyClosure {
 jvmtiError JvmtiTagMap::get_objects_with_tags(const jlong* tags,
   jint count, jint* count_ptr, jobject** object_result_ptr, jlong** tag_result_ptr) {
 
+  // ensure flat object conversion is completed
+  convert_flat_object_entries();
+
   TagObjectCollector collector(env(), tags, count);
   {
     // iterate over all tagged objects
@@ -1314,7 +1658,7 @@ jvmtiError JvmtiTagMap::get_objects_with_tags(const jlong* tags,
     // will race with the gc_notification thread in the tiny
     // window where the object is not marked but hasn't been notified that
     // it is collected yet.
-    entry_iterate(&collector);
+    _hashmap->entry_iterate(&collector);
   }
   return collector.result(count_ptr, object_result_ptr, tag_result_ptr);
 }
@@ -1354,7 +1698,7 @@ class BasicHeapWalkContext: public HeapWalkContext {
   jvmtiObjectReferenceCallback _object_ref_callback;
 
   // used for caching
-  oop _last_referrer;
+  JvmtiHeapwalkObject _last_referrer;
   jlong _last_referrer_tag;
 
  public:
@@ -1367,7 +1711,7 @@ class BasicHeapWalkContext: public HeapWalkContext {
     _heap_root_callback(heap_root_callback),
     _stack_ref_callback(stack_ref_callback),
     _object_ref_callback(object_ref_callback),
-    _last_referrer(nullptr),
+    _last_referrer(),
     _last_referrer_tag(0) {
   }
 
@@ -1376,8 +1720,8 @@ class BasicHeapWalkContext: public HeapWalkContext {
   jvmtiStackReferenceCallback stack_ref_callback() const   { return _stack_ref_callback; }
   jvmtiObjectReferenceCallback object_ref_callback() const { return _object_ref_callback;  }
 
-  oop last_referrer() const               { return _last_referrer; }
-  void set_last_referrer(oop referrer)    { _last_referrer = referrer; }
+  JvmtiHeapwalkObject last_referrer() const    { return _last_referrer; }
+  void set_last_referrer(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer) { _last_referrer = referrer; }
   jlong last_referrer_tag() const         { return _last_referrer_tag; }
   void set_last_referrer_tag(jlong value) { _last_referrer_tag = value; }
 };
@@ -1450,80 +1794,86 @@ class CallbackInvoker : AllStatic {
   // context needed for all heap walks
   static JvmtiTagMap* _tag_map;
   static const void* _user_data;
-  static GrowableArray<oop>* _visit_stack;
-  static JVMTIBitSet* _bitset;
+  static JvmtiHeapwalkVisitStack* _visit_stack;
 
   // accessors
   static JvmtiTagMap* tag_map()                        { return _tag_map; }
   static const void* user_data()                       { return _user_data; }
-  static GrowableArray<oop>* visit_stack()             { return _visit_stack; }
+  static JvmtiHeapwalkVisitStack* visit_stack()        { return _visit_stack; }
 
   // if the object hasn't been visited then push it onto the visit stack
   // so that it will be visited later
-  static inline bool check_for_visit(oop obj) {
-    if (!_bitset->is_marked(obj)) visit_stack()->push(obj);
+  static inline bool check_for_visit(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject&obj) {
+    visit_stack()->check_for_visit(obj);
     return true;
   }
 
+  // return element count if the obj is array, -1 otherwise
+  static jint get_array_length(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) {
+    if (!obj.klass()->is_array_klass()) {
+      return -1;
+    }
+    assert(!obj.is_flat(), "array cannot be flat");
+    return (jint)arrayOop(obj.obj())->length();
+  }
+
   // invoke basic style callbacks
   static inline bool invoke_basic_heap_root_callback
-    (jvmtiHeapRootKind root_kind, oop obj);
+    (jvmtiHeapRootKind root_kind, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj);
   static inline bool invoke_basic_stack_ref_callback
     (jvmtiHeapRootKind root_kind, jlong thread_tag, jint depth, jmethodID method,
-     int slot, oop obj);
+     int slot, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj);
   static inline bool invoke_basic_object_reference_callback
-    (jvmtiObjectReferenceKind ref_kind, oop referrer, oop referree, jint index);
+    (jvmtiObjectReferenceKind ref_kind, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referree, jint index);
 
   // invoke advanced style callbacks
   static inline bool invoke_advanced_heap_root_callback
-    (jvmtiHeapReferenceKind ref_kind, oop obj);
+    (jvmtiHeapReferenceKind ref_kind, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj);
   static inline bool invoke_advanced_stack_ref_callback
     (jvmtiHeapReferenceKind ref_kind, jlong thread_tag, jlong tid, int depth,
-     jmethodID method, jlocation bci, jint slot, oop obj);
+     jmethodID method, jlocation bci, jint slot, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj);
   static inline bool invoke_advanced_object_reference_callback
-    (jvmtiHeapReferenceKind ref_kind, oop referrer, oop referree, jint index);
+    (jvmtiHeapReferenceKind ref_kind, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referree, jint index);
 
   // used to report the value of primitive fields
   static inline bool report_primitive_field
-    (jvmtiHeapReferenceKind ref_kind, oop obj, jint index, address addr, char type);
+    (jvmtiHeapReferenceKind ref_kind, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj, jint index, address addr, char type);
 
  public:
   // initialize for basic mode
   static void initialize_for_basic_heap_walk(JvmtiTagMap* tag_map,
-                                             GrowableArray<oop>* visit_stack,
                                              const void* user_data,
                                              BasicHeapWalkContext context,
-                                             JVMTIBitSet* bitset);
+                                             JvmtiHeapwalkVisitStack* visit_stack);
 
   // initialize for advanced mode
   static void initialize_for_advanced_heap_walk(JvmtiTagMap* tag_map,
-                                                GrowableArray<oop>* visit_stack,
                                                 const void* user_data,
                                                 AdvancedHeapWalkContext context,
-                                                JVMTIBitSet* bitset);
+                                                JvmtiHeapwalkVisitStack* visit_stack);
 
    // functions to report roots
-  static inline bool report_simple_root(jvmtiHeapReferenceKind kind, oop o);
+  static inline bool report_simple_root(jvmtiHeapReferenceKind kind, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& o);
   static inline bool report_jni_local_root(jlong thread_tag, jlong tid, jint depth,
-    jmethodID m, oop o);
+    jmethodID m, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& o);
   static inline bool report_stack_ref_root(jlong thread_tag, jlong tid, jint depth,
-    jmethodID method, jlocation bci, jint slot, oop o);
+    jmethodID method, jlocation bci, jint slot, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& o);
 
   // functions to report references
-  static inline bool report_array_element_reference(oop referrer, oop referree, jint index);
-  static inline bool report_class_reference(oop referrer, oop referree);
-  static inline bool report_class_loader_reference(oop referrer, oop referree);
-  static inline bool report_signers_reference(oop referrer, oop referree);
-  static inline bool report_protection_domain_reference(oop referrer, oop referree);
-  static inline bool report_superclass_reference(oop referrer, oop referree);
-  static inline bool report_interface_reference(oop referrer, oop referree);
-  static inline bool report_static_field_reference(oop referrer, oop referree, jint slot);
-  static inline bool report_field_reference(oop referrer, oop referree, jint slot);
-  static inline bool report_constant_pool_reference(oop referrer, oop referree, jint index);
-  static inline bool report_primitive_array_values(oop array);
-  static inline bool report_string_value(oop str);
-  static inline bool report_primitive_instance_field(oop o, jint index, address value, char type);
-  static inline bool report_primitive_static_field(oop o, jint index, address value, char type);
+  static inline bool report_array_element_reference(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referree, jint index);
+  static inline bool report_class_reference(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referree);
+  static inline bool report_class_loader_reference(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referree);
+  static inline bool report_signers_reference(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referree);
+  static inline bool report_protection_domain_reference(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referree);
+  static inline bool report_superclass_reference(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referree);
+  static inline bool report_interface_reference(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referree);
+  static inline bool report_static_field_reference(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referree, jint slot);
+  static inline bool report_field_reference(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referree, jint slot);
+  static inline bool report_constant_pool_reference(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referree, jint index);
+  static inline bool report_primitive_array_values(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& array);
+  static inline bool report_string_value(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& str);
+  static inline bool report_primitive_instance_field(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& o, jint index, address value, char type);
+  static inline bool report_primitive_static_field(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& o, jint index, address value, char type);
 };
 
 // statics
@@ -1532,42 +1882,37 @@ BasicHeapWalkContext CallbackInvoker::_basic_context;
 AdvancedHeapWalkContext CallbackInvoker::_advanced_context;
 JvmtiTagMap* CallbackInvoker::_tag_map;
 const void* CallbackInvoker::_user_data;
-GrowableArray<oop>* CallbackInvoker::_visit_stack;
-JVMTIBitSet* CallbackInvoker::_bitset;
+JvmtiHeapwalkVisitStack* CallbackInvoker::_visit_stack;
 
 // initialize for basic heap walk (IterateOverReachableObjects et al)
 void CallbackInvoker::initialize_for_basic_heap_walk(JvmtiTagMap* tag_map,
-                                                     GrowableArray<oop>* visit_stack,
                                                      const void* user_data,
                                                      BasicHeapWalkContext context,
-                                                     JVMTIBitSet* bitset) {
+                                                     JvmtiHeapwalkVisitStack* visit_stack) {
   _tag_map = tag_map;
-  _visit_stack = visit_stack;
   _user_data = user_data;
   _basic_context = context;
   _advanced_context.invalidate();       // will trigger assertion if used
   _heap_walk_type = basic;
-  _bitset = bitset;
+  _visit_stack = visit_stack;
 }
 
 // initialize for advanced heap walk (FollowReferences)
 void CallbackInvoker::initialize_for_advanced_heap_walk(JvmtiTagMap* tag_map,
-                                                        GrowableArray<oop>* visit_stack,
                                                         const void* user_data,
                                                         AdvancedHeapWalkContext context,
-                                                        JVMTIBitSet* bitset) {
+                                                        JvmtiHeapwalkVisitStack* visit_stack) {
   _tag_map = tag_map;
-  _visit_stack = visit_stack;
   _user_data = user_data;
   _advanced_context = context;
   _basic_context.invalidate();      // will trigger assertion if used
   _heap_walk_type = advanced;
-  _bitset = bitset;
+  _visit_stack = visit_stack;
 }
 
 
 // invoke basic style heap root callback
-inline bool CallbackInvoker::invoke_basic_heap_root_callback(jvmtiHeapRootKind root_kind, oop obj) {
+inline bool CallbackInvoker::invoke_basic_heap_root_callback(jvmtiHeapRootKind root_kind, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) {
   // if we heap roots should be reported
   jvmtiHeapRootCallback cb = basic_context()->heap_root_callback();
   if (cb == nullptr) {
@@ -1594,7 +1939,7 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::invoke_basic_stack_ref_callback(jvmtiHeapRootKind r
                                                              jint depth,
                                                              jmethodID method,
                                                              int slot,
-                                                             oop obj) {
+                                                             const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) {
   // if we stack refs should be reported
   jvmtiStackReferenceCallback cb = basic_context()->stack_ref_callback();
   if (cb == nullptr) {
@@ -1621,8 +1966,8 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::invoke_basic_stack_ref_callback(jvmtiHeapRootKind r
 
 // invoke basic style object reference callback
 inline bool CallbackInvoker::invoke_basic_object_reference_callback(jvmtiObjectReferenceKind ref_kind,
-                                                                    oop referrer,
-                                                                    oop referree,
+                                                                    const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer,
+                                                                    const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referree,
                                                                     jint index) {
 
   BasicHeapWalkContext* context = basic_context();
@@ -1633,7 +1978,7 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::invoke_basic_object_reference_callback(jvmtiObjectR
   if (referrer == context->last_referrer()) {
     referrer_tag = context->last_referrer_tag();
   } else {
-    referrer_tag = tag_for(tag_map(), referrer);
+    referrer_tag = tag_map()->find(referrer);
   }
 
   // do the callback
@@ -1665,7 +2010,7 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::invoke_basic_object_reference_callback(jvmtiObjectR
 
 // invoke advanced style heap root callback
 inline bool CallbackInvoker::invoke_advanced_heap_root_callback(jvmtiHeapReferenceKind ref_kind,
-                                                                oop obj) {
+                                                                const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) {
   AdvancedHeapWalkContext* context = advanced_context();
 
   // check that callback is provided
@@ -1690,7 +2035,7 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::invoke_advanced_heap_root_callback(jvmtiHeapReferen
   }
 
   // for arrays we need the length, otherwise -1
-  jint len = (jint)(obj->is_array() ? arrayOop(obj)->length() : -1);
+  jint len = get_array_length(obj);
 
   // invoke the callback
   jint res  = (*cb)(ref_kind,
@@ -1719,7 +2064,7 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::invoke_advanced_stack_ref_callback(jvmtiHeapReferen
                                                                 jmethodID method,
                                                                 jlocation bci,
                                                                 jint slot,
-                                                                oop obj) {
+                                                                const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) {
   AdvancedHeapWalkContext* context = advanced_context();
 
   // check that callback is provider
@@ -1753,7 +2098,7 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::invoke_advanced_stack_ref_callback(jvmtiHeapReferen
   reference_info.stack_local.slot = slot;
 
   // for arrays we need the length, otherwise -1
-  jint len = (jint)(obj->is_array() ? arrayOop(obj)->length() : -1);
+  jint len = get_array_length(obj);
 
   // call into the agent
   int res = (*cb)(ref_kind,
@@ -1786,8 +2131,8 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::invoke_advanced_stack_ref_callback(jvmtiHeapReferen
 
 // invoke the object reference callback to report a reference
 inline bool CallbackInvoker::invoke_advanced_object_reference_callback(jvmtiHeapReferenceKind ref_kind,
-                                                                       oop referrer,
-                                                                       oop obj,
+                                                                       const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer,
+                                                                       const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj,
                                                                        jint index)
 {
   // field index is only valid field in reference_info
@@ -1820,7 +2165,7 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::invoke_advanced_object_reference_callback(jvmtiHeap
   reference_info.field.index = index;
 
   // for arrays we need the length, otherwise -1
-  jint len = (jint)(obj->is_array() ? arrayOop(obj)->length() : -1);
+  jint len = get_array_length(obj);
 
   // invoke the callback
   int res = (*cb)(ref_kind,
@@ -1843,7 +2188,7 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::invoke_advanced_object_reference_callback(jvmtiHeap
 }
 
 // report a "simple root"
-inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_simple_root(jvmtiHeapReferenceKind kind, oop obj) {
+inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_simple_root(jvmtiHeapReferenceKind kind, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) {
   assert(kind != JVMTI_HEAP_REFERENCE_STACK_LOCAL &&
          kind != JVMTI_HEAP_REFERENCE_JNI_LOCAL, "not a simple root");
 
@@ -1859,8 +2204,8 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_simple_root(jvmtiHeapReferenceKind kind, oop
 
 
 // invoke the primitive array values
-inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_primitive_array_values(oop obj) {
-  assert(obj->is_typeArray(), "not a primitive array");
+inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_primitive_array_values(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) {
+  assert(obj.klass()->is_typeArray_klass(), "not a primitive array");
 
   AdvancedHeapWalkContext* context = advanced_context();
   assert(context->array_primitive_value_callback() != nullptr, "no callback");
@@ -1888,8 +2233,8 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_primitive_array_values(oop obj) {
 }
 
 // invoke the string value callback
-inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_string_value(oop str) {
-  assert(str->klass() == vmClasses::String_klass(), "not a string");
+inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_string_value(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& str) {
+  assert(str.klass() == vmClasses::String_klass(), "not a string");
 
   AdvancedHeapWalkContext* context = advanced_context();
   assert(context->string_primitive_value_callback() != nullptr, "no callback");
@@ -1918,7 +2263,7 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_string_value(oop str) {
 
 // invoke the primitive field callback
 inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_primitive_field(jvmtiHeapReferenceKind ref_kind,
-                                                    oop obj,
+                                                    const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj,
                                                     jint index,
                                                     address addr,
                                                     char type)
@@ -1966,7 +2311,7 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_primitive_field(jvmtiHeapReferenceKind ref_k
 
 
 // instance field
-inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_primitive_instance_field(oop obj,
+inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_primitive_instance_field(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj,
                                                              jint index,
                                                              address value,
                                                              char type) {
@@ -1978,7 +2323,7 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_primitive_instance_field(oop obj,
 }
 
 // static field
-inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_primitive_static_field(oop obj,
+inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_primitive_static_field(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj,
                                                            jint index,
                                                            address value,
                                                            char type) {
@@ -1990,7 +2335,7 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_primitive_static_field(oop obj,
 }
 
 // report a JNI local (root object) to the profiler
-inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_jni_local_root(jlong thread_tag, jlong tid, jint depth, jmethodID m, oop obj) {
+inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_jni_local_root(jlong thread_tag, jlong tid, jint depth, jmethodID m, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) {
   if (is_basic_heap_walk()) {
     return invoke_basic_stack_ref_callback(JVMTI_HEAP_ROOT_JNI_LOCAL,
                                            thread_tag,
@@ -2017,7 +2362,7 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_stack_ref_root(jlong thread_tag,
                                                    jmethodID method,
                                                    jlocation bci,
                                                    jint slot,
-                                                   oop obj) {
+                                                   const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) {
   if (is_basic_heap_walk()) {
     return invoke_basic_stack_ref_callback(JVMTI_HEAP_ROOT_STACK_LOCAL,
                                            thread_tag,
@@ -2038,7 +2383,7 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_stack_ref_root(jlong thread_tag,
 }
 
 // report an object referencing a class.
-inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_class_reference(oop referrer, oop referree) {
+inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_class_reference(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referree) {
   if (is_basic_heap_walk()) {
     return invoke_basic_object_reference_callback(JVMTI_REFERENCE_CLASS, referrer, referree, -1);
   } else {
@@ -2047,7 +2392,7 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_class_reference(oop referrer, oop referree)
 }
 
 // report a class referencing its class loader.
-inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_class_loader_reference(oop referrer, oop referree) {
+inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_class_loader_reference(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referree) {
   if (is_basic_heap_walk()) {
     return invoke_basic_object_reference_callback(JVMTI_REFERENCE_CLASS_LOADER, referrer, referree, -1);
   } else {
@@ -2056,7 +2401,7 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_class_loader_reference(oop referrer, oop ref
 }
 
 // report a class referencing its signers.
-inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_signers_reference(oop referrer, oop referree) {
+inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_signers_reference(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referree) {
   if (is_basic_heap_walk()) {
     return invoke_basic_object_reference_callback(JVMTI_REFERENCE_SIGNERS, referrer, referree, -1);
   } else {
@@ -2065,7 +2410,7 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_signers_reference(oop referrer, oop referree
 }
 
 // report a class referencing its protection domain..
-inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_protection_domain_reference(oop referrer, oop referree) {
+inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_protection_domain_reference(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referree) {
   if (is_basic_heap_walk()) {
     return invoke_basic_object_reference_callback(JVMTI_REFERENCE_PROTECTION_DOMAIN, referrer, referree, -1);
   } else {
@@ -2074,7 +2419,7 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_protection_domain_reference(oop referrer, oo
 }
 
 // report a class referencing its superclass.
-inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_superclass_reference(oop referrer, oop referree) {
+inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_superclass_reference(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referree) {
   if (is_basic_heap_walk()) {
     // Send this to be consistent with past implementation
     return invoke_basic_object_reference_callback(JVMTI_REFERENCE_CLASS, referrer, referree, -1);
@@ -2084,7 +2429,7 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_superclass_reference(oop referrer, oop refer
 }
 
 // report a class referencing one of its interfaces.
-inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_interface_reference(oop referrer, oop referree) {
+inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_interface_reference(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referree) {
   if (is_basic_heap_walk()) {
     return invoke_basic_object_reference_callback(JVMTI_REFERENCE_INTERFACE, referrer, referree, -1);
   } else {
@@ -2093,7 +2438,7 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_interface_reference(oop referrer, oop referr
 }
 
 // report a class referencing one of its static fields.
-inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_static_field_reference(oop referrer, oop referree, jint slot) {
+inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_static_field_reference(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referree, jint slot) {
   if (is_basic_heap_walk()) {
     return invoke_basic_object_reference_callback(JVMTI_REFERENCE_STATIC_FIELD, referrer, referree, slot);
   } else {
@@ -2102,7 +2447,7 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_static_field_reference(oop referrer, oop ref
 }
 
 // report an array referencing an element object
-inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_array_element_reference(oop referrer, oop referree, jint index) {
+inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_array_element_reference(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referree, jint index) {
   if (is_basic_heap_walk()) {
     return invoke_basic_object_reference_callback(JVMTI_REFERENCE_ARRAY_ELEMENT, referrer, referree, index);
   } else {
@@ -2111,7 +2456,7 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_array_element_reference(oop referrer, oop re
 }
 
 // report an object referencing an instance field object
-inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_field_reference(oop referrer, oop referree, jint slot) {
+inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_field_reference(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referree, jint slot) {
   if (is_basic_heap_walk()) {
     return invoke_basic_object_reference_callback(JVMTI_REFERENCE_FIELD, referrer, referree, slot);
   } else {
@@ -2120,7 +2465,7 @@ inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_field_reference(oop referrer, oop referree,
 }
 
 // report an array referencing an element object
-inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_constant_pool_reference(oop referrer, oop referree, jint index) {
+inline bool CallbackInvoker::report_constant_pool_reference(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referrer, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& referree, jint index) {
   if (is_basic_heap_walk()) {
     return invoke_basic_object_reference_callback(JVMTI_REFERENCE_CONSTANT_POOL, referrer, referree, index);
   } else {
@@ -2280,7 +2625,7 @@ class StackRefCollector {
 
 bool StackRefCollector::set_thread(oop o) {
   _threadObj = o;
-  _thread_tag = tag_for(_tag_map, _threadObj);
+  _thread_tag = _tag_map->find(_threadObj);
   _tid = java_lang_Thread::thread_id(_threadObj);
 
   _is_top_frame = true;
@@ -2413,16 +2758,10 @@ bool StackRefCollector::process_frames(vframe* vf) {
 //
 class VM_HeapWalkOperation: public VM_Operation {
  private:
-  enum {
-    initial_visit_stack_size = 4000
-  };
-
   bool _is_advanced_heap_walk;                      // indicates FollowReferences
   JvmtiTagMap* _tag_map;
   Handle _initial_object;
-  GrowableArray<oop>* _visit_stack;                 // the visit stack
-
-  JVMTIBitSet _bitset;
+  JvmtiHeapwalkVisitStack _visit_stack;
 
   // Dead object tags in JvmtiTagMap
   GrowableArray<jlong>* _dead_objects;
@@ -2433,10 +2772,6 @@ class VM_HeapWalkOperation: public VM_Operation {
   bool _reporting_primitive_array_values;
   bool _reporting_string_values;
 
-  GrowableArray<oop>* create_visit_stack() {
-    return new (mtServiceability) GrowableArray<oop>(initial_visit_stack_size, mtServiceability);
-  }
-
   // accessors
   bool is_advanced_heap_walk() const               { return _is_advanced_heap_walk; }
   JvmtiTagMap* tag_map() const                     { return _tag_map; }
@@ -2448,13 +2783,14 @@ class VM_HeapWalkOperation: public VM_Operation {
   bool is_reporting_primitive_array_values() const { return _reporting_primitive_array_values; }
   bool is_reporting_string_values() const          { return _reporting_string_values; }
 
-  GrowableArray<oop>* visit_stack() const          { return _visit_stack; }
+  JvmtiHeapwalkVisitStack* visit_stack()           { return &_visit_stack; }
 
   // iterate over the various object types
-  inline bool iterate_over_array(oop o);
-  inline bool iterate_over_type_array(oop o);
-  inline bool iterate_over_class(oop o);
-  inline bool iterate_over_object(oop o);
+  inline bool iterate_over_array(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& o);
+  inline bool iterate_over_flat_array(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& o);
+  inline bool iterate_over_type_array(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& o);
+  inline bool iterate_over_class(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& o);
+  inline bool iterate_over_object(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& o);
 
   // root collection
   inline bool collect_simple_roots();
@@ -2463,7 +2799,7 @@ class VM_HeapWalkOperation: public VM_Operation {
   inline bool collect_vthread_stack_refs(oop vt);
 
   // visit an object
-  inline bool visit(oop o);
+  inline bool visit(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& o);
 
  public:
   VM_HeapWalkOperation(JvmtiTagMap* tag_map,
@@ -2497,10 +2833,8 @@ VM_HeapWalkOperation::VM_HeapWalkOperation(JvmtiTagMap* tag_map,
   _reporting_primitive_fields = false;
   _reporting_primitive_array_values = false;
   _reporting_string_values = false;
-  _visit_stack = create_visit_stack();
   _dead_objects = objects;
-
-  CallbackInvoker::initialize_for_basic_heap_walk(tag_map, _visit_stack, user_data, callbacks, &_bitset);
+  CallbackInvoker::initialize_for_basic_heap_walk(tag_map, user_data, callbacks, &_visit_stack);
 }
 
 VM_HeapWalkOperation::VM_HeapWalkOperation(JvmtiTagMap* tag_map,
@@ -2512,29 +2846,24 @@ VM_HeapWalkOperation::VM_HeapWalkOperation(JvmtiTagMap* tag_map,
   _tag_map = tag_map;
   _initial_object = initial_object;
   _following_object_refs = true;
-  _reporting_primitive_fields = (callbacks.primitive_field_callback() != nullptr);;
-  _reporting_primitive_array_values = (callbacks.array_primitive_value_callback() != nullptr);;
-  _reporting_string_values = (callbacks.string_primitive_value_callback() != nullptr);;
-  _visit_stack = create_visit_stack();
+  _reporting_primitive_fields = (callbacks.primitive_field_callback() != nullptr);
+  _reporting_primitive_array_values = (callbacks.array_primitive_value_callback() != nullptr);
+  _reporting_string_values = (callbacks.string_primitive_value_callback() != nullptr);
   _dead_objects = objects;
-  CallbackInvoker::initialize_for_advanced_heap_walk(tag_map, _visit_stack, user_data, callbacks, &_bitset);
+  CallbackInvoker::initialize_for_advanced_heap_walk(tag_map, user_data, callbacks, &_visit_stack);
 }
 
 VM_HeapWalkOperation::~VM_HeapWalkOperation() {
-  if (_following_object_refs) {
-    assert(_visit_stack != nullptr, "checking");
-    delete _visit_stack;
-    _visit_stack = nullptr;
-  }
 }
 
 // an array references its class and has a reference to
 // each element in the array
-inline bool VM_HeapWalkOperation::iterate_over_array(oop o) {
-  objArrayOop array = objArrayOop(o);
+inline bool VM_HeapWalkOperation::iterate_over_array(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& o) {
+  assert(!o.is_flat(), "Array object cannot be flattened");
+  refArrayOop array = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(o.obj());
 
   // array reference to its class
-  oop mirror = ObjArrayKlass::cast(array->klass())->java_mirror();
+  oop mirror = array->klass()->java_mirror();
   if (!CallbackInvoker::report_class_reference(o, mirror)) {
     return false;
   }
@@ -2555,9 +2884,48 @@ inline bool VM_HeapWalkOperation::iterate_over_array(oop o) {
   return true;
 }
 
+// similar to iterate_over_array(), but iterates over flat array
+inline bool VM_HeapWalkOperation::iterate_over_flat_array(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& o) {
+  assert(!o.is_flat(), "Array object cannot be flattened");
+  flatArrayOop array = flatArrayOop(o.obj());
+  FlatArrayKlass* fak = array->klass();
+  InlineKlass* vk = fak->element_klass();
+  bool need_null_check = LayoutKindHelper::is_nullable_flat(fak->layout_kind());
+
+  // array reference to its class
+  oop mirror = fak->java_mirror();
+  if (!CallbackInvoker::report_class_reference(o, mirror)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // iterate over the array and report each reference to a
+  // non-null element
+  for (int index = 0; index < array->length(); index++) {
+    address addr = (address)array->value_at_addr(index, fak->layout_helper());
+
+    // check for null
+    if (need_null_check) {
+      if (vk->is_payload_marked_as_null(addr)) {
+        continue;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // offset in the array oop
+    int offset = (int)(addr - cast_from_oop<address>(array));
+    JvmtiHeapwalkObject elem(o.obj(), offset, vk, fak->layout_kind());
+
+    // report the array reference
+    if (!CallbackInvoker::report_array_element_reference(o, elem, index)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
 // a type array references its class
-inline bool VM_HeapWalkOperation::iterate_over_type_array(oop o) {
-  Klass* k = o->klass();
+inline bool VM_HeapWalkOperation::iterate_over_type_array(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& o) {
+  assert(!o.is_flat(), "Array object cannot be flattened");
+  Klass* k = o.klass();
   oop mirror = k->java_mirror();
   if (!CallbackInvoker::report_class_reference(o, mirror)) {
     return false;
@@ -2591,9 +2959,10 @@ static inline bool verify_static_oop(InstanceKlass* ik,
 
 // a class references its super class, interfaces, class loader, ...
 // and finally its static fields
-inline bool VM_HeapWalkOperation::iterate_over_class(oop java_class) {
+inline bool VM_HeapWalkOperation::iterate_over_class(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& o) {
+  assert(!o.is_flat(), "Klass object cannot be flattened");
+  Klass* klass = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(o.obj());
   int i;
-  Klass* klass = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(java_class);
 
   if (klass->is_instance_klass()) {
     InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(klass);
@@ -2604,7 +2973,8 @@ inline bool VM_HeapWalkOperation::iterate_over_class(oop java_class) {
     }
 
     // get the java mirror
-    oop mirror = klass->java_mirror();
+    oop mirror_oop = klass->java_mirror();
+    JvmtiHeapwalkObject mirror(mirror_oop);
 
     // super (only if something more interesting than java.lang.Object)
     InstanceKlass* super_klass = ik->super();
@@ -2693,8 +3063,8 @@ inline bool VM_HeapWalkOperation::iterate_over_class(oop java_class) {
       ClassFieldDescriptor* field = field_map->field_at(i);
       char type = field->field_type();
       if (!is_primitive_field_type(type)) {
-        oop fld_o = mirror->obj_field(field->field_offset());
-        assert(verify_static_oop(ik, mirror, field->field_offset()), "sanity check");
+        oop fld_o = mirror_oop->obj_field(field->field_offset());
+        assert(verify_static_oop(ik, mirror_oop, field->field_offset()), "sanity check");
         if (fld_o != nullptr) {
           int slot = field->field_index();
           if (!CallbackInvoker::report_static_field_reference(mirror, fld_o, slot)) {
@@ -2704,7 +3074,7 @@ inline bool VM_HeapWalkOperation::iterate_over_class(oop java_class) {
         }
       } else {
          if (is_reporting_primitive_fields()) {
-           address addr = cast_from_oop<address>(mirror) + field->field_offset();
+           address addr = cast_from_oop<address>(mirror_oop) + field->field_offset();
            int slot = field->field_index();
            if (!CallbackInvoker::report_primitive_static_field(mirror, slot, addr, type)) {
              delete field_map;
@@ -2724,33 +3094,50 @@ inline bool VM_HeapWalkOperation::iterate_over_class(oop java_class) {
 // an object references a class and its instance fields
 // (static fields are ignored here as we report these as
 // references from the class).
-inline bool VM_HeapWalkOperation::iterate_over_object(oop o) {
+inline bool VM_HeapWalkOperation::iterate_over_object(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& o) {
   // reference to the class
-  if (!CallbackInvoker::report_class_reference(o, o->klass()->java_mirror())) {
+  if (!CallbackInvoker::report_class_reference(o, o.klass()->java_mirror())) {
     return false;
   }
 
   // iterate over instance fields
-  ClassFieldMap* field_map = JvmtiCachedClassFieldMap::get_map_of_instance_fields(o);
+  ClassFieldMap* field_map = JvmtiCachedClassFieldMap::get_map_of_instance_fields(o.klass());
   for (int i=0; i<field_map->field_count(); i++) {
     ClassFieldDescriptor* field = field_map->field_at(i);
     char type = field->field_type();
+    int slot = field->field_index();
+    int field_offset = field->field_offset();
+    if (o.is_flat()) {
+      // the object is inlined, its fields are stored without the header
+      field_offset += o.offset() - o.inline_klass()->payload_offset();
+    }
     if (!is_primitive_field_type(type)) {
-      oop fld_o = o->obj_field_access<AS_NO_KEEPALIVE | ON_UNKNOWN_OOP_REF>(field->field_offset());
-      // ignore any objects that aren't visible to profiler
-      if (fld_o != nullptr) {
-        assert(Universe::heap()->is_in(fld_o), "unsafe code should not "
-               "have references to Klass* anymore");
-        int slot = field->field_index();
-        if (!CallbackInvoker::report_field_reference(o, fld_o, slot)) {
+      if (field->is_flat()) {
+        // check for possible nulls
+        if (LayoutKindHelper::is_nullable_flat(field->layout_kind())) {
+          address payload = cast_from_oop<address>(o.obj()) + field_offset;
+          if (field->inline_klass()->is_payload_marked_as_null(payload)) {
+            continue;
+          }
+        }
+        JvmtiHeapwalkObject field_obj(o.obj(), field_offset, field->inline_klass(), field->layout_kind());
+        if (!CallbackInvoker::report_field_reference(o, field_obj, slot)) {
           return false;
         }
+      } else {
+        oop fld_o = o.obj()->obj_field_access<AS_NO_KEEPALIVE | ON_UNKNOWN_OOP_REF>(field_offset);
+        // ignore any objects that aren't visible to profiler
+        if (fld_o != nullptr) {
+          assert(Universe::heap()->is_in(fld_o), "unsafe code should not have references to Klass* anymore");
+          if (!CallbackInvoker::report_field_reference(o, fld_o, slot)) {
+            return false;
+          }
+        }
       }
     } else {
       if (is_reporting_primitive_fields()) {
         // primitive instance field
-        address addr = cast_from_oop<address>(o) + field->field_offset();
-        int slot = field->field_index();
+        address addr = cast_from_oop<address>(o.obj()) + field_offset;
         if (!CallbackInvoker::report_primitive_instance_field(o, slot, addr, type)) {
           return false;
         }
@@ -2760,7 +3147,7 @@ inline bool VM_HeapWalkOperation::iterate_over_object(oop o) {
 
   // if the object is a java.lang.String
   if (is_reporting_string_values() &&
-      o->klass() == vmClasses::String_klass()) {
+      o.klass() == vmClasses::String_klass()) {
     if (!CallbackInvoker::report_string_value(o)) {
       return false;
     }
@@ -2829,7 +3216,7 @@ inline bool VM_HeapWalkOperation::collect_stack_refs(JavaThread* java_thread,
       return false;
     }
     // no last java frame but there may be JNI locals
-    blk->set_context(tag_for(_tag_map, threadObj), java_lang_Thread::thread_id(threadObj), 0, (jmethodID)nullptr);
+    blk->set_context(_tag_map->find(threadObj), java_lang_Thread::thread_id(threadObj), 0, (jmethodID)nullptr);
     java_thread->active_handles()->oops_do(blk);
     return !blk->stopped();
   }
@@ -2929,23 +3316,26 @@ inline bool VM_HeapWalkOperation::collect_vthread_stack_refs(oop vt) {
 // second get all the outbound references from this object (in other words, all
 // the objects referenced by this object).
 //
-bool VM_HeapWalkOperation::visit(oop o) {
+bool VM_HeapWalkOperation::visit(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& o) {
   // mark object as visited
-  assert(!_bitset.is_marked(o), "can't visit same object more than once");
-  _bitset.mark_obj(o);
+  assert(!visit_stack()->is_visited(o), "can't visit same object more than once");
+  visit_stack()->mark_visited(o);
 
+  Klass* klass = o.klass();
   // instance
-  if (o->is_instance()) {
-    if (o->klass() == vmClasses::Class_klass()) {
-      if (!java_lang_Class::is_primitive(o)) {
+  if (klass->is_instance_klass()) {
+    if (klass == vmClasses::Class_klass()) {
+      assert(!o.is_flat(), "Class object cannot be flattened");
+      if (!java_lang_Class::is_primitive(o.obj())) {
         // a java.lang.Class
         return iterate_over_class(o);
       }
     } else {
       // we report stack references only when initial object is not specified
       // (in the case we start from heap roots which include platform thread stack references)
-      if (initial_object().is_null() && java_lang_VirtualThread::is_subclass(o->klass())) {
-        if (!collect_vthread_stack_refs(o)) {
+      if (initial_object().is_null() && java_lang_VirtualThread::is_subclass(klass)) {
+        assert(!o.is_flat(), "VirtualThread object cannot be flattened");
+        if (!collect_vthread_stack_refs(o.obj())) {
           return false;
         }
       }
@@ -2953,13 +3343,18 @@ bool VM_HeapWalkOperation::visit(oop o) {
     }
   }
 
+  // flat object array
+  if (klass->is_flatArray_klass()) {
+    return iterate_over_flat_array(o);
+  }
+
   // object array
-  if (o->is_objArray()) {
+  if (klass->is_objArray_klass()) {
     return iterate_over_array(o);
   }
 
   // type array
-  if (o->is_typeArray()) {
+  if (klass->is_typeArray_klass()) {
     return iterate_over_type_array(o);
   }
 
@@ -2991,8 +3386,8 @@ void VM_HeapWalkOperation::doit() {
     // visit each object until all reachable objects have been
     // visited or the callback asked to terminate the iteration.
     while (!visit_stack()->is_empty()) {
-      oop o = visit_stack()->pop();
-      if (!_bitset.is_marked(o)) {
+      const JvmtiHeapwalkObject o = visit_stack()->pop();
+      if (!visit_stack()->is_visited(o)) {
         if (!visit(o)) {
           break;
         }
@@ -3021,6 +3416,8 @@ void JvmtiTagMap::iterate_over_reachable_objects(jvmtiHeapRootCallback heap_root
     VM_HeapWalkOperation op(this, Handle(), context, user_data, &dead_objects);
     VMThread::execute(&op);
   }
+  convert_flat_object_entries();
+
   // Post events outside of Heap_lock
   post_dead_objects(&dead_objects);
 }
@@ -3043,6 +3440,8 @@ void JvmtiTagMap::iterate_over_objects_reachable_from_object(jobject object,
     VM_HeapWalkOperation op(this, initial_object, context, user_data, &dead_objects);
     VMThread::execute(&op);
   }
+  convert_flat_object_entries();
+
   // Post events outside of Heap_lock
   post_dead_objects(&dead_objects);
 }
@@ -3075,6 +3474,8 @@ void JvmtiTagMap::follow_references(jint heap_filter,
     VM_HeapWalkOperation op(this, initial_object, context, user_data, &dead_objects);
     VMThread::execute(&op);
   }
+  convert_flat_object_entries();
+
   // Post events outside of Heap_lock
   post_dead_objects(&dead_objects);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiTagMap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiTagMap.hpp
index 1401157911f..fcec25bc29f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiTagMap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiTagMap.hpp
@@ -32,7 +32,9 @@
 
 class JvmtiEnv;
 class JvmtiTagMapTable;
+class JvmtiFlatTagMapTable;
 class JvmtiTagMapKeyClosure;
+class JvmtiHeapwalkObject;
 
 class JvmtiTagMap :  public CHeapObj<mtServiceability> {
  private:
@@ -40,30 +42,40 @@ class JvmtiTagMap :  public CHeapObj<mtServiceability> {
   JvmtiEnv*             _env;                       // the jvmti environment
   Monitor               _lock;                      // lock for this tag map
   JvmtiTagMapTable*     _hashmap;                   // the hashmap for tags
+  JvmtiFlatTagMapTable* _flat_hashmap;
+
   bool                  _needs_cleaning;
   bool                  _posting_events;
 
   static bool           _has_object_free_events;
 
+  bool                  _converting_flat_object;
+
   // create a tag map
   JvmtiTagMap(JvmtiEnv* env);
 
   // accessors
   inline JvmtiEnv* env() const              { return _env; }
 
-  void entry_iterate(JvmtiTagMapKeyClosure* closure);
+  // moves entries from _flat_hashmap to _hashmap
+  void convert_flat_object_entries();
+
+ public:
+  // for internal use
+  jlong find(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) const;
+  void add(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj, jlong tag);
+  void remove(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj);
 
  public:
   // indicates if this tag map is locked
-  bool is_locked()                          { return lock()->is_locked(); }
+  bool is_locked() const                    { return lock()->is_locked(); }
+  inline const Monitor* lock() const        { return &_lock; }
   inline Monitor* lock()                    { return &_lock; }
 
-  JvmtiTagMapTable* hashmap() { return _hashmap; }
-
   // returns true if the hashmaps are empty
-  bool is_empty();
+  bool is_empty() const;
 
-  // return tag for the given environment
+  // return tag map for the given environment
   static JvmtiTagMap* tag_map_for(JvmtiEnv* env);
 
   // destroy tag map
@@ -116,7 +128,7 @@ class JvmtiTagMap :  public CHeapObj<mtServiceability> {
   static void gc_notification(size_t num_dead_entries) NOT_JVMTI_RETURN;
 
   void flush_object_free_events();
-  void clear();  // Clear tagmap table after the env is disposed.
+  void clear();  // Clear hash tables after the env is disposed.
 
   // For ServiceThread
   static void flush_all_object_free_events() NOT_JVMTI_RETURN;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiTagMapTable.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiTagMapTable.cpp
index 968a95eecd2..f16bd79d217 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiTagMapTable.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiTagMapTable.cpp
@@ -24,43 +24,194 @@
 
 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
+#include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/weakHandle.inline.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiTagMapTable.hpp"
 
 
-JvmtiTagMapKey::JvmtiTagMapKey(oop obj) : _obj(obj) {}
+static unsigned get_value_object_hash(oop holder, int offset, Klass* klass) {
+  assert(klass->is_inline_klass(), "Must be InlineKlass");
+  // For inline types, use the klass as a hash code and let the equals match the obj.
+  // It might have a long bucket but TBD to improve this if a customer situation arises.
+  return (unsigned)((int64_t)klass >> 3);
+}
+
+static unsigned get_value_object_hash(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject & obj) {
+  assert(obj.is_value(), "Must be value class");
+  return get_value_object_hash(obj.obj(), obj.offset(), obj.inline_klass());
+}
+
+static bool equal_oops(oop obj1, oop obj2); // forward declaration
 
-JvmtiTagMapKey::JvmtiTagMapKey(const JvmtiTagMapKey& src) {
-  // move object into WeakHandle when copying into the table
+static bool equal_fields(char type, oop obj1, int offset1, oop obj2, int offset2) {
+  switch (type) {
+  case JVM_SIGNATURE_BOOLEAN:
+    return obj1->bool_field(offset1) == obj2->bool_field(offset2);
+  case JVM_SIGNATURE_CHAR:
+    return obj1->char_field(offset1) == obj2->char_field(offset2);
+  case JVM_SIGNATURE_FLOAT:
+    return obj1->float_field(offset1) == obj2->float_field(offset2);
+  case JVM_SIGNATURE_DOUBLE:
+    return obj1->double_field(offset1) == obj2->double_field(offset2);
+  case JVM_SIGNATURE_BYTE:
+    return obj1->byte_field(offset1) == obj2->byte_field(offset2);
+  case JVM_SIGNATURE_SHORT:
+    return obj1->short_field(offset1) == obj2->short_field(offset2);
+  case JVM_SIGNATURE_INT:
+    return obj1->int_field(offset1) == obj2->int_field(offset2);
+  case JVM_SIGNATURE_LONG:
+    return obj1->long_field(offset1) == obj2->long_field(offset2);
+  case JVM_SIGNATURE_CLASS:
+  case JVM_SIGNATURE_ARRAY:
+    return equal_oops(obj1->obj_field(offset1), obj2->obj_field(offset2));
+  }
+  ShouldNotReachHere();
+}
+
+static bool is_null_flat_field(oop obj, int offset, InlineKlass* klass) {
+  return klass->is_payload_marked_as_null(cast_from_oop<address>(obj) + offset);
+}
+
+// For heap-allocated objects offset is 0 and 'klass' is obj1->klass() (== obj2->klass()).
+// For flattened objects offset is the offset in the holder object, 'klass' is inlined object class.
+// The object must be prechecked for non-null values.
+static bool equal_value_objects(oop obj1, int offset1, oop obj2, int offset2, InlineKlass* klass) {
+  for (JavaFieldStream fld(klass); !fld.done(); fld.next()) {
+    // ignore static fields
+    if (fld.access_flags().is_static()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    int field_offset1 = offset1 + fld.offset() - (offset1 > 0 ? klass->payload_offset() : 0);
+    int field_offset2 = offset2 + fld.offset() - (offset2 > 0 ? klass->payload_offset() : 0);
+    if (fld.is_flat()) { // flat value field
+      InstanceKlass* holder_klass = fld.field_holder();
+      InlineKlass* field_klass = holder_klass->get_inline_type_field_klass(fld.index());
+      if (!fld.is_null_free_inline_type()) {
+        bool field1_is_null = is_null_flat_field(obj1, field_offset1, field_klass);
+        bool field2_is_null = is_null_flat_field(obj2, field_offset2, field_klass);
+        if (field1_is_null != field2_is_null) {
+          return false;
+        }
+        if (field1_is_null) { // if both fields are null, go to next field
+          continue;
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (!equal_value_objects(obj1, field_offset1, obj2, field_offset2, field_klass)) {
+        return false;
+      }
+    } else {
+      if (!equal_fields(fld.signature()->char_at(0), obj1, field_offset1, obj2, field_offset2)) {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+// handles null oops
+static bool equal_oops(oop obj1, oop obj2) {
+  if (obj1 == obj2) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  if (obj1 != nullptr && obj2 != nullptr && obj1->klass() == obj2->klass() && obj1->is_inline_type()) {
+    InlineKlass* vk = InlineKlass::cast(obj1->klass());
+    return equal_value_objects(obj1, 0, obj2, 0, vk);
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+bool JvmtiHeapwalkObject::equals(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj1, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj2) {
+  if (obj1 == obj2) { // the same oop/offset/inline_klass
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  if (obj1.is_value() && obj1.inline_klass() == obj2.inline_klass()) {
+    // instances of the same value class
+    return equal_value_objects(obj1.obj(), obj1.offset(), obj2.obj(), obj2.offset(), obj1.inline_klass());
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+JvmtiTagMapKey::JvmtiTagMapKey(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject* obj) : _obj(obj) {
+}
+
+JvmtiTagMapKey::JvmtiTagMapKey(const JvmtiTagMapKey& src): _h() {
   if (src._obj != nullptr) {
+    // move object into Handle when copying into the table
+    assert(!src._obj->is_flat(), "cannot put flat object to JvmtiTagMapKey");
+    _is_weak = !src._obj->is_value();
 
     // obj was read with AS_NO_KEEPALIVE, or equivalent, like during
     // a heap walk.  The object needs to be kept alive when it is published.
-    Universe::heap()->keep_alive(src._obj);
+    Universe::heap()->keep_alive(src._obj->obj());
 
-    _wh = WeakHandle(JvmtiExport::weak_tag_storage(), src._obj);
+    if (_is_weak) {
+      _wh = WeakHandle(JvmtiExport::weak_tag_storage(), src._obj->obj());
+    } else {
+      _h = OopHandle(JvmtiExport::jvmti_oop_storage(), src._obj->obj());
+    }
   } else {
     // resizing needs to create a copy.
-    _wh = src._wh;
+    _is_weak = src._is_weak;
+    if (_is_weak) {
+      _wh = src._wh;
+    } else {
+      _h = src._h;
+    }
   }
   // obj is always null after a copy.
   _obj = nullptr;
 }
 
-void JvmtiTagMapKey::release_weak_handle() {
-  _wh.release(JvmtiExport::weak_tag_storage());
+void JvmtiTagMapKey::release_handle() {
+  if (_is_weak) {
+    _wh.release(JvmtiExport::weak_tag_storage());
+  } else {
+    _h.release(JvmtiExport::jvmti_oop_storage());
+  }
+}
+
+JvmtiHeapwalkObject JvmtiTagMapKey::heapwalk_object() const {
+  if (_obj != nullptr) {
+    return JvmtiHeapwalkObject(_obj->obj(), _obj->offset(), _obj->inline_klass(), _obj->layout_kind());
+  }
+  oop obj = object_no_keepalive();
+  if (obj == nullptr) {
+    // The object was deleted by CG while tag still exists
+    return JvmtiHeapwalkObject();
+  }
+  return JvmtiHeapwalkObject(obj);
 }
 
 oop JvmtiTagMapKey::object() const {
   assert(_obj == nullptr, "Must have a handle and not object");
-  return _wh.resolve();
+  return _is_weak ? _wh.resolve() : _h.resolve();
 }
 
 oop JvmtiTagMapKey::object_no_keepalive() const {
   assert(_obj == nullptr, "Must have a handle and not object");
-  return _wh.peek();
+  return _is_weak ? _wh.peek() : _h.peek();
+}
+
+unsigned JvmtiTagMapKey::get_hash(const JvmtiTagMapKey& entry) {
+  const JvmtiHeapwalkObject* obj = entry._obj;
+  assert(obj != nullptr, "must lookup obj to hash");
+  if (obj->is_value()) {
+    return get_value_object_hash(*obj);
+  } else {
+    return (unsigned)obj->obj()->identity_hash();
+  }
+}
+
+bool JvmtiTagMapKey::equals(const JvmtiTagMapKey& lhs, const JvmtiTagMapKey& rhs) {
+  JvmtiHeapwalkObject lhs_obj = lhs.heapwalk_object();
+  JvmtiHeapwalkObject rhs_obj = rhs.heapwalk_object();
+  return JvmtiHeapwalkObject::equals(lhs_obj, rhs_obj);
 }
 
 static const int INITIAL_TABLE_SIZE = 1007;
@@ -71,7 +222,7 @@ JvmtiTagMapTable::JvmtiTagMapTable() : _table(INITIAL_TABLE_SIZE, MAX_TABLE_SIZE
 void JvmtiTagMapTable::clear() {
   struct RemoveAll {
     bool do_entry(JvmtiTagMapKey& entry, const jlong& tag) {
-      entry.release_weak_handle();
+      entry.release_handle();
       return true;
     }
   } remove_all;
@@ -88,25 +239,33 @@ JvmtiTagMapTable::~JvmtiTagMapTable() {
   clear();
 }
 
-jlong JvmtiTagMapTable::find(oop obj) {
+jlong* JvmtiTagMapTable::lookup(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) const {
   if (is_empty()) {
-    return 0;
+    return nullptr;
   }
 
-  if (obj->fast_no_hash_check()) {
-    // Objects in the table all have a hashcode.
-    return 0;
+  if (!obj.is_value()) {
+    if (obj.obj()->fast_no_hash_check()) {
+      // Objects in the table all have a hashcode, unless inlined types.
+      return nullptr;
+    }
   }
+  JvmtiTagMapKey entry(&obj);
+  jlong* found = _table.get(entry);
+  return found;
+}
 
-  JvmtiTagMapKey jtme(obj);
-  jlong* found = _table.get(jtme);
+
+jlong JvmtiTagMapTable::find(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) const {
+  jlong* found = lookup(obj);
   return found == nullptr ? 0 : *found;
 }
 
-void JvmtiTagMapTable::add(oop obj, jlong tag) {
-  JvmtiTagMapKey new_entry(obj);
+void JvmtiTagMapTable::add(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj, jlong tag) {
+  assert(!obj.is_flat(), "Cannot add flat object to JvmtiTagMapTable");
+  JvmtiTagMapKey new_entry(&obj);
   bool is_added;
-  if (obj->fast_no_hash_check()) {
+  if (!obj.is_value() && obj.obj()->fast_no_hash_check()) {
     // Can't be in the table so add it fast.
     is_added = _table.put_when_absent(new_entry, tag);
   } else {
@@ -122,12 +281,21 @@ void JvmtiTagMapTable::add(oop obj, jlong tag) {
   }
 }
 
-void JvmtiTagMapTable::remove(oop obj) {
-  JvmtiTagMapKey jtme(obj);
-  auto clean = [] (JvmtiTagMapKey& entry, jlong tag) {
-    entry.release_weak_handle();
+bool JvmtiTagMapTable::update(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj, jlong tag) {
+  jlong* found = lookup(obj);
+  if (found == nullptr) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  *found = tag;
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool JvmtiTagMapTable::remove(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) {
+  JvmtiTagMapKey entry(&obj);
+  auto clean = [](JvmtiTagMapKey & entry, jlong tag) {
+    entry.release_handle();
   };
-  _table.remove(jtme, clean);
+  return _table.remove(entry, clean);
 }
 
 void JvmtiTagMapTable::entry_iterate(JvmtiTagMapKeyClosure* closure) {
@@ -143,7 +311,7 @@ void JvmtiTagMapTable::remove_dead_entries(GrowableArray<jlong>* objects) {
         if (_objects != nullptr) {
           _objects->append(tag);
         }
-        entry.release_weak_handle();
+        entry.release_handle();
         return true;
       }
       return false;;
@@ -151,3 +319,118 @@ void JvmtiTagMapTable::remove_dead_entries(GrowableArray<jlong>* objects) {
   } is_dead(objects);
   _table.unlink(&is_dead);
 }
+
+JvmtiFlatTagMapKey::JvmtiFlatTagMapKey(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj)
+  : _holder(obj.obj()), _offset(obj.offset()), _inline_klass(obj.inline_klass()), _layout_kind(obj.layout_kind()) {
+}
+
+JvmtiFlatTagMapKey::JvmtiFlatTagMapKey(const JvmtiFlatTagMapKey& src) : _h() {
+  // move object into Handle when copying into the table
+  if (src._holder != nullptr) {
+    // Holder object was read with AS_NO_KEEPALIVE. Needs to be kept alive when it is published.
+    Universe::heap()->keep_alive(src._holder);
+    _h = OopHandle(JvmtiExport::jvmti_oop_storage(), src._holder);
+  } else {
+    // resizing needs to create a copy.
+    _h = src._h;
+  }
+  // holder object is always null after a copy.
+  _holder = nullptr;
+  _offset = src._offset;
+  _inline_klass = src._inline_klass;
+  _layout_kind = src._layout_kind;
+}
+
+JvmtiHeapwalkObject JvmtiFlatTagMapKey::heapwalk_object() const {
+  return JvmtiHeapwalkObject(_holder != nullptr ? _holder : holder_no_keepalive(), _offset, _inline_klass, _layout_kind);
+}
+
+oop JvmtiFlatTagMapKey::holder() const {
+  assert(_holder == nullptr, "Must have a handle and not object");
+  return _h.resolve();
+}
+
+oop JvmtiFlatTagMapKey::holder_no_keepalive() const {
+  assert(_holder == nullptr, "Must have a handle and not object");
+  return _h.peek();
+
+}
+
+void JvmtiFlatTagMapKey::release_handle() {
+  _h.release(JvmtiExport::jvmti_oop_storage());
+}
+
+unsigned JvmtiFlatTagMapKey::get_hash(const JvmtiFlatTagMapKey& entry) {
+  return get_value_object_hash(entry._holder, entry._offset, entry._inline_klass);
+}
+
+bool JvmtiFlatTagMapKey::equals(const JvmtiFlatTagMapKey& lhs, const JvmtiFlatTagMapKey& rhs) {
+  if (lhs._inline_klass == rhs._inline_klass) {
+    oop lhs_obj = lhs._holder != nullptr ? lhs._holder : lhs._h.peek();
+    oop rhs_obj = rhs._holder != nullptr ? rhs._holder : rhs._h.peek();
+    return equal_value_objects(lhs_obj, lhs._offset, rhs_obj, rhs._offset, lhs._inline_klass);
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+JvmtiFlatTagMapTable::JvmtiFlatTagMapTable(): _table(INITIAL_TABLE_SIZE, MAX_TABLE_SIZE) {}
+
+JvmtiFlatTagMapTable::~JvmtiFlatTagMapTable() {
+  clear();
+}
+
+jlong JvmtiFlatTagMapTable::find(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) const {
+  if (is_empty()) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  JvmtiFlatTagMapKey entry(obj);
+  jlong* found = _table.get(entry);
+  return found == nullptr ? 0 : *found;
+}
+
+void JvmtiFlatTagMapTable::add(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj, jlong tag) {
+  assert(obj.is_value() && obj.is_flat(), "Must be flattened value object");
+  JvmtiFlatTagMapKey entry(obj);
+  bool is_added;
+  jlong* value = _table.put_if_absent(entry, tag, &is_added);
+  *value = tag; // assign the new tag
+  if (is_added) {
+    if (_table.maybe_grow(5, true /* use_large_table_sizes */)) {
+      int max_bucket_size = DEBUG_ONLY(_table.verify()) NOT_DEBUG(0);
+      log_info(jvmti, table) ("JvmtiFlatTagMapTable table resized to %d for %d entries max bucket %d",
+        _table.table_size(), _table.number_of_entries(), max_bucket_size);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+jlong JvmtiFlatTagMapTable::remove(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) {
+  JvmtiFlatTagMapKey entry(obj);
+  jlong ret = 0;
+  auto clean = [&](JvmtiFlatTagMapKey& entry, jlong tag) {
+    ret = tag;
+    entry.release_handle();
+  };
+  _table.remove(entry, clean);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+void JvmtiFlatTagMapTable::entry_iterate(JvmtiFlatTagMapKeyClosure* closure) {
+  _table.iterate(closure);
+}
+
+void JvmtiFlatTagMapTable::clear() {
+  struct RemoveAll {
+    bool do_entry(JvmtiFlatTagMapKey& entry, const jlong& tag) {
+      entry.release_handle();
+      return true;
+    }
+  } remove_all;
+  // The unlink method of ResourceHashTable gets a pointer to a type whose 'do_entry(K,V)' method is callled
+  // while iterating over all the elements of the table. If the do_entry() method returns true the element
+  // will be removed.
+  // In this case, we always return true from do_entry to clear all the elements.
+  _table.unlink(&remove_all);
+
+  assert(_table.number_of_entries() == 0, "should have removed all entries");
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiTagMapTable.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiTagMapTable.hpp
index e408d9dac86..e1b5a2e9f55 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiTagMapTable.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiTagMapTable.hpp
@@ -27,41 +27,91 @@
 
 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp"
 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
+#include "oops/layoutKind.hpp"
 #include "oops/weakHandle.hpp"
 #include "utilities/resizableHashTable.hpp"
 
 class JvmtiEnv;
-class JvmtiTagMapKeyClosure;
+
+// Describes an object which can be tagged during heap walk operation.
+// - generic heap object: _obj: oop, offset == 0, _inline_klass == nullptr;
+// - value heap object: _obj: oop, offset == 0, _inline_klass == _obj.klass();
+// - flat value object: _obj: holder object, offset == offset in the holder, _inline_klass == klass of the flattened object;
+class JvmtiHeapwalkObject {
+  oop _obj;                   // for flattened value object this is holder object
+  int _offset;                // == 0 for heap objects
+  InlineKlass* _inline_klass; // for value object, nullptr otherwise
+  LayoutKind _layout_kind;    // layout kind in holder object, used only for flat->heap conversion
+
+  static InlineKlass* inline_klass_or_null(oop obj) {
+    Klass* k = obj->klass();
+    return k->is_inline_klass() ? InlineKlass::cast(k) : nullptr;
+  }
+public:
+  JvmtiHeapwalkObject(): _obj(nullptr), _offset(0), _inline_klass(nullptr), _layout_kind(LayoutKind::UNKNOWN) {}
+  JvmtiHeapwalkObject(oop obj): _obj(obj), _offset(0), _inline_klass(inline_klass_or_null(obj)), _layout_kind(LayoutKind::REFERENCE) {}
+  JvmtiHeapwalkObject(oop obj, int offset, InlineKlass* ik, LayoutKind lk): _obj(obj), _offset(offset), _inline_klass(ik), _layout_kind(lk) {}
+
+  inline bool is_empty() const { return _obj == nullptr; }
+  inline bool is_value() const { return _inline_klass != nullptr; }
+  inline bool is_flat() const { return _offset != 0; }
+
+  inline oop obj() const { return _obj; }
+  inline int offset() const { return _offset; }
+  inline InlineKlass* inline_klass() const { return _inline_klass; }
+  inline LayoutKind layout_kind() const { return _layout_kind; }
+
+  inline Klass* klass() const { return is_value() ? _inline_klass : obj()->klass(); }
+
+  static bool equals(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj1, const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj2);
+
+  bool operator==(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& other) const {
+    // need to compare inline_klass too to handle the case when flat object has flat field at offset 0
+    return _obj == other._obj && _offset == other._offset && _inline_klass == other._inline_klass;
+  }
+  bool operator!=(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& other) const {
+    return !(*this == other);
+  }
+};
 
 // The oop is needed for lookup rather than creating a WeakHandle during
 // lookup because the HeapWalker may walk soon to be dead objects and
 // creating a WeakHandle for an otherwise dead object makes G1 unhappy.
 //
-// This class is the Key type for inserting in ResizeableResourceHashTable
+// This class is the Key type for inserting in ResizeableHashTable
 // Its get_hash() and equals() methods are also used for getting the hash
 // value of a Key and comparing two Keys, respectively.
+//
+// Value objects: keep just one tag for all equal value objects including heap allocated value objects.
+// We have to keep a strong reference to each unique value object with a non-zero tag.
+// During heap walking flattened value object tags stored in separate JvmtiFlatTagMapTable,
+// converted to standard strong entries in JvmtiTagMapTable outside of safepoint.
+// All equal value objects should have the same tag.
+// Keep value objects alive (1 copy for each "value") until their tags are removed.
+
 class JvmtiTagMapKey : public CHeapObj<mtServiceability> {
-  WeakHandle _wh;
-  oop _obj; // temporarily hold obj while searching
+  union {
+    WeakHandle _wh;
+    OopHandle _h; // for value objects (_is_weak == false)
+  };
+  bool _is_weak;
+  // temporarily hold obj while searching
+  const JvmtiHeapwalkObject* _obj;
+
  public:
-  JvmtiTagMapKey(oop obj);
+  JvmtiTagMapKey(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject* obj);
+  // Copy ctor is called when we put entry to the hash table.
   JvmtiTagMapKey(const JvmtiTagMapKey& src);
   JvmtiTagMapKey& operator=(const JvmtiTagMapKey&) = delete;
 
+  JvmtiHeapwalkObject heapwalk_object() const;
+
   oop object() const;
   oop object_no_keepalive() const;
-  void release_weak_handle();
+  void release_handle();
 
-  static unsigned get_hash(const JvmtiTagMapKey& entry) {
-    assert(entry._obj != nullptr, "must lookup obj to hash");
-    return (unsigned)entry._obj->identity_hash();
-  }
-
-  static bool equals(const JvmtiTagMapKey& lhs, const JvmtiTagMapKey& rhs) {
-    oop lhs_obj = lhs._obj != nullptr ? lhs._obj : lhs.object_no_keepalive();
-    oop rhs_obj = rhs._obj != nullptr ? rhs._obj : rhs.object_no_keepalive();
-    return lhs_obj == rhs_obj;
-  }
+  static unsigned get_hash(const JvmtiTagMapKey& entry);
+  static bool equals(const JvmtiTagMapKey& lhs, const JvmtiTagMapKey& rhs);
 };
 
 typedef
@@ -70,18 +120,31 @@ ResizeableHashTable <JvmtiTagMapKey, jlong,
                               JvmtiTagMapKey::get_hash,
                               JvmtiTagMapKey::equals> ResizableHT;
 
+// A supporting class for iterating over all entries in Hashmap
+class JvmtiTagMapKeyClosure {
+public:
+  virtual bool do_entry(JvmtiTagMapKey& key, jlong& value) = 0;
+};
+
 class JvmtiTagMapTable : public CHeapObj<mtServiceability> {
  private:
   ResizableHT _table;
 
+  jlong* lookup(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) const;
+
  public:
   JvmtiTagMapTable();
   ~JvmtiTagMapTable();
 
-  jlong find(oop obj);
-  void add(oop obj, jlong tag);
+  int number_of_entries() const { return _table.number_of_entries(); }
+
+  jlong find(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) const;
+  // obj cannot be flat
+  void add(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj, jlong tag);
+  // update the tag if the entry exists, returns false otherwise
+  bool update(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj, jlong tag);
 
-  void remove(oop obj);
+  bool remove(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj);
 
   // iterate over all entries in the hashmap
   void entry_iterate(JvmtiTagMapKeyClosure* closure);
@@ -93,10 +156,74 @@ class JvmtiTagMapTable : public CHeapObj<mtServiceability> {
   void clear();
 };
 
-// A supporting class for iterating over all entries in Hashmap
-class JvmtiTagMapKeyClosure {
- public:
-  virtual bool do_entry(JvmtiTagMapKey& key, jlong& value) = 0;
+
+// This class is the Key type for hash table to keep flattened value objects during heap walk operations.
+// The objects needs to be moved to JvmtiTagMapTable outside of safepoint.
+class JvmtiFlatTagMapKey: public CHeapObj<mtServiceability> {
+private:
+  // holder object
+  OopHandle _h;
+  // temporarily holds holder object while searching
+  oop _holder;
+  int _offset;
+  InlineKlass* _inline_klass;
+  LayoutKind _layout_kind;
+public:
+  JvmtiFlatTagMapKey(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj);
+  // Copy ctor is called when we put entry to the hash table.
+  JvmtiFlatTagMapKey(const JvmtiFlatTagMapKey& src);
+
+  JvmtiFlatTagMapKey& operator=(const JvmtiFlatTagMapKey&) = delete;
+
+  JvmtiHeapwalkObject heapwalk_object() const;
+
+  oop holder() const;
+  oop holder_no_keepalive() const;
+  int offset() const { return _offset; }
+  InlineKlass* inline_klass() const { return _inline_klass; }
+  LayoutKind layout_kind() const { return _layout_kind; }
+
+  void release_handle();
+
+  static unsigned get_hash(const JvmtiFlatTagMapKey& entry);
+  static bool equals(const JvmtiFlatTagMapKey& lhs, const JvmtiFlatTagMapKey& rhs);
+};
+
+typedef
+ResizeableHashTable <JvmtiFlatTagMapKey, jlong,
+                     AnyObj::C_HEAP, mtServiceability,
+                     JvmtiFlatTagMapKey::get_hash,
+                     JvmtiFlatTagMapKey::equals> FlatObjectHashtable;
+
+// A supporting class for iterating over all entries in JvmtiFlatTagMapTable.
+class JvmtiFlatTagMapKeyClosure {
+public:
+  virtual bool do_entry(JvmtiFlatTagMapKey& key, jlong& value) = 0;
+};
+
+class JvmtiFlatTagMapTable: public CHeapObj<mtServiceability> {
+private:
+  FlatObjectHashtable _table;
+
+public:
+  JvmtiFlatTagMapTable();
+  ~JvmtiFlatTagMapTable();
+
+  int number_of_entries() const { return _table.number_of_entries(); }
+
+  jlong find(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj) const;
+  // obj must be flat
+  void add(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj, jlong tag);
+
+  // returns tag for the entry, 0 is not found
+  jlong remove(const JvmtiHeapwalkObject& obj);
+
+  // iterate over entries in the hashmap
+  void entry_iterate(JvmtiFlatTagMapKeyClosure* closure);
+
+  bool is_empty() const { return _table.number_of_entries() == 0; }
+
+  void clear();
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_VM_PRIMS_TAGMAPTABLE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/methodHandles.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/methodHandles.cpp
index 99a58b09e75..27c6bda8126 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/methodHandles.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/methodHandles.cpp
@@ -129,19 +129,22 @@ void MethodHandles::set_enabled(bool z) {
 
 // import java_lang_invoke_MemberName.*
 enum {
-  IS_METHOD            = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_IS_METHOD,
-  IS_CONSTRUCTOR       = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_IS_CONSTRUCTOR,
-  IS_FIELD             = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_IS_FIELD,
-  IS_TYPE              = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_IS_TYPE,
-  CALLER_SENSITIVE     = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_CALLER_SENSITIVE,
-  TRUSTED_FINAL        = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_TRUSTED_FINAL,
-  HIDDEN_MEMBER        = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_HIDDEN_MEMBER,
-  REFERENCE_KIND_SHIFT = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_REFERENCE_KIND_SHIFT,
-  REFERENCE_KIND_MASK  = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_REFERENCE_KIND_MASK,
-  LM_UNCONDITIONAL     = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_UNCONDITIONAL_MODE,
-  LM_MODULE            = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_MODULE_MODE,
-  LM_TRUSTED           = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_TRUSTED_MODE,
-  ALL_KINDS      = IS_METHOD | IS_CONSTRUCTOR | IS_FIELD | IS_TYPE
+  IS_METHOD             = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_IS_METHOD,
+  IS_OBJECT_CONSTRUCTOR = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_IS_OBJECT_CONSTRUCTOR,
+  IS_FIELD              = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_IS_FIELD,
+  IS_TYPE               = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_IS_TYPE,
+  CALLER_SENSITIVE      = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_CALLER_SENSITIVE,
+  TRUSTED_FINAL         = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_TRUSTED_FINAL,
+  HIDDEN_MEMBER         = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_HIDDEN_MEMBER,
+  NULL_RESTRICTED       = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_NULL_RESTRICTED_FIELD,
+  REFERENCE_KIND_SHIFT  = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_REFERENCE_KIND_SHIFT,
+  REFERENCE_KIND_MASK   = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_REFERENCE_KIND_MASK,
+  LAYOUT_SHIFT          = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_LAYOUT_SHIFT,
+  LAYOUT_MASK           = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_LAYOUT_MASK,
+  LM_UNCONDITIONAL      = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_UNCONDITIONAL_MODE,
+  LM_MODULE             = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_MODULE_MODE,
+  LM_TRUSTED            = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_TRUSTED_MODE,
+  ALL_KINDS      = IS_METHOD | IS_OBJECT_CONSTRUCTOR | IS_FIELD | IS_TYPE
 };
 
 int MethodHandles::ref_kind_to_flags(int ref_kind) {
@@ -152,7 +155,7 @@ int MethodHandles::ref_kind_to_flags(int ref_kind) {
   } else if (ref_kind_is_method(ref_kind)) {
     flags |= IS_METHOD;
   } else if (ref_kind == JVM_REF_newInvokeSpecial) {
-    flags |= IS_CONSTRUCTOR;
+    flags |= IS_OBJECT_CONSTRUCTOR;
   }
   return flags;
 }
@@ -184,7 +187,7 @@ Handle MethodHandles::resolve_MemberName_type(Handle mname, Klass* caller, TRAPS
   int flags = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::flags(mname());
   switch (flags & ALL_KINDS) {
     case IS_METHOD:
-    case IS_CONSTRUCTOR:
+    case IS_OBJECT_CONSTRUCTOR:
       resolved = SystemDictionary::find_method_handle_type(signature, caller, CHECK_(empty));
       break;
     case IS_FIELD:
@@ -325,10 +328,10 @@ oop MethodHandles::init_method_MemberName(Handle mname, CallInfo& info) {
   case CallInfo::direct_call:
     vmindex = Method::nonvirtual_vtable_index;
     if (m->is_static()) {
-      assert(!m->is_static_initializer(), "Cannot be static initializer");
+      assert(!m->is_class_initializer(), "Cannot be static initializer");
       flags |= IS_METHOD      | (JVM_REF_invokeStatic  << REFERENCE_KIND_SHIFT);
-    } else if (m->is_object_initializer()) {
-      flags |= IS_CONSTRUCTOR | (JVM_REF_invokeSpecial << REFERENCE_KIND_SHIFT);
+    } else if (m->is_object_constructor()) {
+      flags |= IS_OBJECT_CONSTRUCTOR | (JVM_REF_invokeSpecial << REFERENCE_KIND_SHIFT);
     } else {
       // "special" reflects that this is a direct call, not that it
       // necessarily originates from an invokespecial. We can also do
@@ -367,6 +370,12 @@ oop MethodHandles::init_field_MemberName(Handle mname, fieldDescriptor& fd, bool
   int flags = fd.access_flags().as_field_flags();
   flags |= IS_FIELD | ((fd.is_static() ? JVM_REF_getStatic : JVM_REF_getField) << REFERENCE_KIND_SHIFT);
   if (fd.is_trusted_final()) flags |= TRUSTED_FINAL;
+  if (fd.is_flat()) {
+    int layout_kind = (int)fd.layout_kind();
+    assert((layout_kind & LAYOUT_MASK) == layout_kind, "Layout information loss");
+    flags |= layout_kind << LAYOUT_SHIFT;
+  }
+  if (fd.is_null_free_inline_type()) flags |= NULL_RESTRICTED;
   if (is_setter)  flags += ((JVM_REF_putField - JVM_REF_getField) << REFERENCE_KIND_SHIFT);
   int vmindex        = fd.offset();  // determines the field uniquely when combined with static bit
 
@@ -817,13 +826,13 @@ Handle MethodHandles::resolve_MemberName(Handle mname, Klass* caller, int lookup
       oop mname2 = init_method_MemberName(mname, result);
       return Handle(THREAD, mname2);
     }
-  case IS_CONSTRUCTOR:
+  case IS_OBJECT_CONSTRUCTOR:
     {
       CallInfo result;
       LinkInfo link_info(defc, name, type, caller, access_check, loader_constraint_check);
       {
         assert(!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION, "");
-        if (name == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name()) {
+        if (name == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name() && type->is_void_method_signature()) {
           LinkResolver::resolve_special_call(result, Handle(), link_info, THREAD);
         } else {
           break;                // will throw after end of switch
@@ -886,7 +895,7 @@ void MethodHandles::expand_MemberName(Handle mname, int suppress, TRAPS) {
 
   switch (flags & ALL_KINDS) {
   case IS_METHOD:
-  case IS_CONSTRUCTOR:
+  case IS_OBJECT_CONSTRUCTOR:
     {
       Method* vmtarget = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::vmtarget(mname());
       if (vmtarget == nullptr) {
@@ -999,7 +1008,7 @@ void MethodHandles::trace_method_handle_interpreter_entry(MacroAssembler* _masm,
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 #define EACH_NAMED_CON(template, requirement) \
     template(java_lang_invoke_MemberName,MN_IS_METHOD) \
-    template(java_lang_invoke_MemberName,MN_IS_CONSTRUCTOR) \
+    template(java_lang_invoke_MemberName,MN_IS_OBJECT_CONSTRUCTOR) \
     template(java_lang_invoke_MemberName,MN_IS_FIELD) \
     template(java_lang_invoke_MemberName,MN_IS_TYPE) \
     template(java_lang_invoke_MemberName,MN_CALLER_SENSITIVE) \
@@ -1007,6 +1016,8 @@ void MethodHandles::trace_method_handle_interpreter_entry(MacroAssembler* _masm,
     template(java_lang_invoke_MemberName,MN_HIDDEN_MEMBER) \
     template(java_lang_invoke_MemberName,MN_REFERENCE_KIND_SHIFT) \
     template(java_lang_invoke_MemberName,MN_REFERENCE_KIND_MASK) \
+    template(java_lang_invoke_MemberName,MN_LAYOUT_SHIFT) \
+    template(java_lang_invoke_MemberName,MN_LAYOUT_MASK) \
     template(java_lang_invoke_MemberName,MN_NESTMATE_CLASS) \
     template(java_lang_invoke_MemberName,MN_HIDDEN_CLASS) \
     template(java_lang_invoke_MemberName,MN_STRONG_LOADER_LINK) \
@@ -1142,7 +1153,7 @@ JVM_ENTRY(jobject, MHN_resolve_Mem(JNIEnv *env, jobject igcls, jobject mname_jh,
     if ((flags & ALL_KINDS) == IS_FIELD) {
       THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoSuchFieldError(), "field resolution failed");
     } else if ((flags & ALL_KINDS) == IS_METHOD ||
-               (flags & ALL_KINDS) == IS_CONSTRUCTOR) {
+               (flags & ALL_KINDS) == IS_OBJECT_CONSTRUCTOR) {
       THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoSuchMethodError(), "method resolution failed");
     } else {
       THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_LinkageError(), "resolution failed");
@@ -1194,7 +1205,7 @@ JVM_ENTRY(jobject, MHN_getMemberVMInfo(JNIEnv *env, jobject igcls, jobject mname
   if (mname_jh == nullptr)  return nullptr;
   Handle mname(THREAD, JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(mname_jh));
   intptr_t vmindex  = java_lang_invoke_MemberName::vmindex(mname());
-  objArrayHandle result = oopFactory::new_objArray_handle(vmClasses::Object_klass(), 2, CHECK_NULL);
+  refArrayHandle result = oopFactory::new_refArray_handle(vmClasses::Object_klass(), 2, CHECK_NULL);
   jvalue vmindex_value; vmindex_value.j = (long)vmindex;
   oop x = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_LONG, &vmindex_value, CHECK_NULL);
   result->obj_at_put(0, x);
@@ -1273,7 +1284,7 @@ JVM_ENTRY(void, MHN_copyOutBootstrapArguments(JNIEnv* env, jobject igcls,
       THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), "bad index info (1)");
   }
 
-  objArrayHandle buf(THREAD, (objArrayOop)JNIHandles::resolve(buf_jh));
+  refArrayHandle buf(THREAD, (refArrayOop)JNIHandles::resolve(buf_jh));
 
   Handle ifna(THREAD, JNIHandles::resolve(ifna_jh));
   caller->constants()->
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/nativeEntryPoint.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/nativeEntryPoint.cpp
index 6a3d3ebbc3d..96f63d75887 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/nativeEntryPoint.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/nativeEntryPoint.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ JNI_ENTRY(jlong, NEP_makeDowncallStub(JNIEnv* env, jclass _unused, jobject metho
   const ABIDescriptor abi = ForeignGlobals::parse_abi_descriptor(jabi);
 
   oop type = JNIHandles::resolve(method_type);
-  objArrayOop arg_moves_oop = oop_cast<objArrayOop>(JNIHandles::resolve(arg_moves));
-  objArrayOop ret_moves_oop = oop_cast<objArrayOop>(JNIHandles::resolve(ret_moves));
+  refArrayOop arg_moves_oop = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(JNIHandles::resolve(arg_moves));
+  refArrayOop ret_moves_oop = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(JNIHandles::resolve(ret_moves));
   int pcount = java_lang_invoke_MethodType::ptype_count(type);
   int pslots = java_lang_invoke_MethodType::ptype_slot_count(type);
   BasicType* basic_type = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(BasicType, pslots);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/stackwalk.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/stackwalk.cpp
index 304648a8eb2..345444840ef 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/stackwalk.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/stackwalk.cpp
@@ -51,20 +51,20 @@ BaseFrameStream::BaseFrameStream(JavaThread* thread, Handle continuation)
     assert(thread != nullptr, "");
 }
 
-void BaseFrameStream::setup_magic_on_entry(objArrayHandle frames_array) {
+void BaseFrameStream::setup_magic_on_entry(refArrayHandle frames_array) {
   frames_array->obj_at_put(magic_pos, _thread->threadObj());
   _anchor = address_value();
   assert(check_magic(frames_array), "invalid magic");
 }
 
-bool BaseFrameStream::check_magic(objArrayHandle frames_array) {
+bool BaseFrameStream::check_magic(refArrayHandle frames_array) {
   oop   m1 = frames_array->obj_at(magic_pos);
   jlong m2 = _anchor;
   if (m1 == _thread->threadObj() && m2 == address_value())  return true;
   return false;
 }
 
-bool BaseFrameStream::cleanup_magic_on_exit(objArrayHandle frames_array) {
+bool BaseFrameStream::cleanup_magic_on_exit(refArrayHandle frames_array) {
   bool ok = check_magic(frames_array);
   frames_array->obj_at_put(magic_pos, nullptr);
   _anchor = 0L;
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ void LiveFrameStream::next() {
 //                 for this BaseFrameStream to use
 //
 BaseFrameStream* BaseFrameStream::from_current(JavaThread* thread, jlong magic,
-                                               objArrayHandle frames_array)
+                                               refArrayHandle frames_array)
 {
   oop m1 = frames_array->obj_at(magic_pos);
   if (m1 != thread->threadObj()) return nullptr;
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ BaseFrameStream* BaseFrameStream::from_current(JavaThread* thread, jlong magic,
 //
 int StackWalk::fill_in_frames(jint mode, BaseFrameStream& stream,
                               int buffer_size, int start_index,
-                              objArrayHandle  frames_array,
+                              refArrayHandle frames_array,
                               int& end_index, TRAPS) {
   log_debug(stackwalk)("fill_in_frames limit=%d start=%d frames length=%d",
                        buffer_size, start_index, frames_array->length());
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ int StackWalk::fill_in_frames(jint mode, BaseFrameStream& stream,
 }
 
 // Fill in the LiveStackFrameInfo at the given index in frames_array
-void LiveFrameStream::fill_frame(int index, objArrayHandle  frames_array,
+void LiveFrameStream::fill_frame(int index, refArrayHandle frames_array,
                                  const methodHandle& method, TRAPS) {
   HandleMark hm(THREAD);
   Handle stackFrame(THREAD, frames_array->obj_at(index));
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ void LiveFrameStream::fill_frame(int index, objArrayHandle  frames_array,
 }
 
 // Fill in the StackFrameInfo at the given index in frames_array
-void JavaFrameStream::fill_frame(int index, objArrayHandle  frames_array,
+void JavaFrameStream::fill_frame(int index, refArrayHandle frames_array,
                                  const methodHandle& method, TRAPS) {
   if (_need_method_info) {
     HandleMark hm(THREAD);
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ void LiveFrameStream::fill_live_stackframe(Handle stackFrame,
 // Returns Object returned from AbstractStackWalker::doStackWalk call.
 //
 oop StackWalk::walk(Handle stackStream, jint mode, int skip_frames, Handle cont_scope, Handle cont,
-                    int buffer_size, int start_index, objArrayHandle frames_array,
+                    int buffer_size, int start_index, refArrayHandle frames_array,
                     TRAPS) {
   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
   HandleMark hm(THREAD); // needed to store a continuation in the RegisterMap
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ oop StackWalk::walk(Handle stackStream, jint mode, int skip_frames, Handle cont_
 
 oop StackWalk::fetchFirstBatch(BaseFrameStream& stream, Handle stackStream,
                                jint mode, int skip_frames, int buffer_size,
-                               int start_index, objArrayHandle frames_array, TRAPS) {
+                               int start_index, refArrayHandle frames_array, TRAPS) {
   methodHandle m_doStackWalk(THREAD, Universe::do_stack_walk_method());
 
   {
@@ -506,7 +506,7 @@ oop StackWalk::fetchFirstBatch(BaseFrameStream& stream, Handle stackStream,
 //
 jint StackWalk::fetchNextBatch(Handle stackStream, jint mode, jlong magic,
                                int last_batch_count, int buffer_size, int start_index,
-                               objArrayHandle frames_array,
+                               refArrayHandle frames_array,
                                TRAPS)
 {
   JavaThread* jt = THREAD;
@@ -563,7 +563,7 @@ jint StackWalk::fetchNextBatch(Handle stackStream, jint mode, jlong magic,
   return 0;
 }
 
-void StackWalk::setContinuation(Handle stackStream, jlong magic, objArrayHandle frames_array, Handle cont, TRAPS) {
+void StackWalk::setContinuation(Handle stackStream, jlong magic, refArrayHandle frames_array, Handle cont, TRAPS) {
   JavaThread* jt = JavaThread::cast(THREAD);
 
   if (frames_array.is_null()) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/stackwalk.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/stackwalk.hpp
index 39890e3f158..c483849d51f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/stackwalk.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/stackwalk.hpp
@@ -63,17 +63,17 @@ class BaseFrameStream : public StackObj {
 
   virtual const RegisterMap* reg_map()=0;
 
-  virtual void    fill_frame(int index, objArrayHandle  frames_array,
+  virtual void    fill_frame(int index, refArrayHandle frames_array,
                              const methodHandle& method, TRAPS)=0;
 
   oop continuation() { return _continuation(); }
   void set_continuation(Handle cont);
 
-  void setup_magic_on_entry(objArrayHandle frames_array);
-  bool check_magic(objArrayHandle frames_array);
-  bool cleanup_magic_on_exit(objArrayHandle frames_array);
+  void setup_magic_on_entry(refArrayHandle frames_array);
+  bool check_magic(refArrayHandle frames_array);
+  bool cleanup_magic_on_exit(refArrayHandle frames_array);
 
-  bool is_valid_in(Thread* thread, objArrayHandle frames_array) {
+  bool is_valid_in(Thread* thread, refArrayHandle frames_array) {
     return (_thread == thread && check_magic(frames_array));
   }
 
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ class BaseFrameStream : public StackObj {
     return (jlong) this;
   }
 
-  static BaseFrameStream* from_current(JavaThread* thread, jlong magic, objArrayHandle frames_array);
+  static BaseFrameStream* from_current(JavaThread* thread, jlong magic, refArrayHandle frames_array);
 };
 
 class JavaFrameStream : public BaseFrameStream {
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ class JavaFrameStream : public BaseFrameStream {
   int bci()        override { return _vfst.bci(); }
   oop cont()       override { return _vfst.continuation(); }
 
-  void fill_frame(int index, objArrayHandle  frames_array,
+  void fill_frame(int index, refArrayHandle frames_array,
                   const methodHandle& method, TRAPS) override;
 };
 
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ class LiveFrameStream : public BaseFrameStream {
   int bci()        override { return _jvf->bci(); }
   oop cont()       override { return continuation() != nullptr ? continuation(): ContinuationEntry::cont_oop_or_null(_cont_entry, _map->thread()); }
 
-  void fill_frame(int index, objArrayHandle  frames_array,
+  void fill_frame(int index, refArrayHandle  frames_array,
                   const methodHandle& method, TRAPS) override;
 };
 
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ class StackWalk : public AllStatic {
 private:
   static int fill_in_frames(jint mode, BaseFrameStream& stream,
                             int buffer_size, int start_index,
-                            objArrayHandle frames_array,
+                            refArrayHandle frames_array,
                             int& end_index, TRAPS);
 
   static inline bool skip_hidden_frames(jint mode) {
@@ -160,18 +160,18 @@ class StackWalk : public AllStatic {
   }
 
   static oop walk(Handle stackStream, jint mode, int skip_frames, Handle cont_scope, Handle cont,
-                  int buffer_size, int start_index, objArrayHandle frames_array,
+                  int buffer_size, int start_index, refArrayHandle frames_array,
                   TRAPS);
 
   static oop fetchFirstBatch(BaseFrameStream& stream, Handle stackStream,
                              jint mode, int skip_frames, int buffer_size,
-                             int start_index, objArrayHandle frames_array, TRAPS);
+                             int start_index, refArrayHandle frames_array, TRAPS);
 
   static jint fetchNextBatch(Handle stackStream, jint mode, jlong magic,
                              int last_batch_count, int buffer_size, int start_index,
-                             objArrayHandle frames_array, TRAPS);
+                             refArrayHandle frames_array, TRAPS);
 
-  static void setContinuation(Handle stackStream, jlong magic, objArrayHandle frames_array,
+  static void setContinuation(Handle stackStream, jlong magic, refArrayHandle frames_array,
                               Handle cont, TRAPS);
 };
 #endif // SHARE_PRIMS_STACKWALK_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/unsafe.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/unsafe.cpp
index 722164ff169..cb598704575 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/unsafe.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/unsafe.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -31,17 +31,26 @@
 #include "jfr/jfrEvents.hpp"
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "jvm.h"
+#include "logging/log.hpp"
+#include "logging/logStream.hpp"
 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
+#include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "oops/access.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/valuePayload.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
 #include "prims/unsafe.hpp"
+#include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/globals.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp"
@@ -214,6 +223,7 @@ class MemoryAccess : StackObj {
   ATTRIBUTE_NO_UBSAN
   void put(T x) {
     GuardUnsafeAccess guard(_thread);
+    assert(_obj == nullptr || !_obj->is_inline_type(), "receiver cannot be an instance of a value class because they are immutable");
     *addr() = normalize(x);
   }
 
@@ -230,6 +240,30 @@ class MemoryAccess : StackObj {
   }
 };
 
+static void log_unsafe_value_access(oop p, jlong offset, InlineKlass* vk) {
+  Klass* k = p->klass();
+  if (log_is_enabled(Trace, valuetypes)) {
+    ResourceMark rm;
+    if (k->is_flatArray_klass()) {
+      FlatArrayKlass* vak = FlatArrayKlass::cast(k);
+      int index = (offset - vak->array_header_in_bytes()) / vak->element_byte_size();
+      flatArrayOop array = oop_cast<flatArrayOop>(p);
+      if (index >= 0 && index < array->length()) {
+        address dest = (address)((flatArrayOop)p)->value_at_addr(index, vak->layout_helper());
+        log_trace(valuetypes)("%s array type %s index %d element size %d offset " UINT64_FORMAT_X " at " INTPTR_FORMAT,
+                              p->klass()->external_name(), vak->external_name(),
+                              index, vak->element_byte_size(), (uint64_t)offset, p2i(dest));
+      } else {
+         log_trace(valuetypes)("%s array type %s out-of-bounds index %d element size %d offset " UINT64_FORMAT_X,
+                              p->klass()->external_name(), vak->external_name(), index, vak->element_byte_size(), (uint64_t)offset);
+      }
+    } else {
+      log_trace(valuetypes)("%s field type %s at offset " UINT64_FORMAT_X,
+                            p->klass()->external_name(), vk->external_name(), (uint64_t)offset);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 // These functions allow a null base pointer with an arbitrary address.
 // But if the base pointer is non-null, the offset should make some sense.
 // That is, it should be in the range [0, MAX_OBJECT_SIZE].
@@ -244,9 +278,130 @@ UNSAFE_ENTRY(void, Unsafe_PutReference(JNIEnv *env, jobject unsafe, jobject obj,
   oop x = JNIHandles::resolve(x_h);
   oop p = JNIHandles::resolve(obj);
   assert_field_offset_sane(p, offset);
+  assert(!p->is_inline_type(), "receiver cannot be an instance of a value class because they are immutable");
   HeapAccess<ON_UNKNOWN_OOP_REF>::oop_store_at(p, offset, x);
 } UNSAFE_END
 
+UNSAFE_ENTRY(jlong, Unsafe_ValueHeaderSize(JNIEnv *env, jobject unsafe, jclass c)) {
+  Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(c));
+  InlineKlass* vk = InlineKlass::cast(k);
+  return vk->payload_offset();
+} UNSAFE_END
+
+UNSAFE_ENTRY(jboolean, Unsafe_IsFlatField(JNIEnv *env, jobject unsafe, jobject o)) {
+  oop f = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(o);
+  Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(java_lang_reflect_Field::clazz(f));
+  int slot = java_lang_reflect_Field::slot(f);
+  return InstanceKlass::cast(k)->field_is_flat(slot);
+} UNSAFE_END
+
+UNSAFE_ENTRY(jboolean, Unsafe_HasNullMarker(JNIEnv *env, jobject unsafe, jobject o)) {
+  oop f = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(o);
+  Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(java_lang_reflect_Field::clazz(f));
+  int slot = java_lang_reflect_Field::slot(f);
+  return InstanceKlass::cast(k)->field_has_null_marker(slot);
+} UNSAFE_END
+
+UNSAFE_ENTRY(jint, Unsafe_NullMarkerOffset(JNIEnv *env, jobject unsafe, jobject o)) {
+  oop f = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(o);
+  Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(java_lang_reflect_Field::clazz(f));
+  int slot = java_lang_reflect_Field::slot(f);
+  return InstanceKlass::cast(k)->field_null_marker_offset(slot);
+} UNSAFE_END
+
+UNSAFE_ENTRY(jint, Unsafe_ArrayLayout(JNIEnv *env, jobject unsafe, jarray array)) {
+  oop ar = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(array);
+  ArrayKlass* ak = ArrayKlass::cast(ar->klass());
+  if (ak->is_refArray_klass()) {
+    return (jint)LayoutKind::REFERENCE;
+  } else if (ak->is_flatArray_klass()) {
+    return (jint)FlatArrayKlass::cast(ak)->layout_kind();
+  } else {
+    ShouldNotReachHere();
+    return -1;
+  }
+} UNSAFE_END
+
+UNSAFE_ENTRY(jint, Unsafe_FieldLayout(JNIEnv *env, jobject unsafe, jobject field)) {
+  assert(field != nullptr, "field must not be null");
+
+  oop reflected   = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(field);
+  oop mirror      = java_lang_reflect_Field::clazz(reflected);
+  Klass* k        = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(mirror);
+  int slot        = java_lang_reflect_Field::slot(reflected);
+  int modifiers   = java_lang_reflect_Field::modifiers(reflected);
+
+  if ((modifiers & JVM_ACC_STATIC) != 0) {
+    return (jint)LayoutKind::REFERENCE; // static fields are never flat
+  } else {
+    InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
+    if (ik->field_is_flat(slot)) {
+      return (jint)ik->inline_layout_info(slot).kind();
+    } else {
+      return (jint)LayoutKind::REFERENCE;
+    }
+  }
+} UNSAFE_END
+
+UNSAFE_ENTRY(jarray, Unsafe_NewSpecialArray(JNIEnv *env, jobject unsafe, jclass elmClass, jint len, jint layoutKind)) {
+  oop mirror = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(elmClass);
+  Klass* klass = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(mirror);
+  klass->initialize(CHECK_NULL);
+  if (len < 0) {
+    THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "Array length is negative");
+  }
+  if (klass->is_array_klass() || klass->is_identity_class()) {
+    THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "Element class is not a value class");
+  }
+  if (klass->is_abstract()) {
+    THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "Element class is abstract");
+  }
+  LayoutKind lk = static_cast<LayoutKind>(layoutKind);
+  if (lk <= LayoutKind::REFERENCE || lk == LayoutKind::NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT || lk >= LayoutKind::UNKNOWN) {
+    THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "Invalid layout kind");
+  }
+  InlineKlass* vk = InlineKlass::cast(klass);
+  // WARNING: test below will need modifications when flat layouts supported for fields
+  // but not for arrays are introduce (NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT for instance)
+  if (!UseArrayFlattening || !vk->is_layout_supported(lk)) {
+    THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_UnsupportedOperationException(), "Layout not supported");
+  }
+  ArrayProperties props = ArrayKlass::array_properties_from_layout(lk);
+  oop array = oopFactory::new_flatArray(vk, len, props, CHECK_NULL);
+  return (jarray) JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, array);
+} UNSAFE_END
+
+UNSAFE_ENTRY(jobject, Unsafe_GetFlatValue(JNIEnv *env, jobject unsafe, jobject obj, jlong offset, jint layoutKind, jclass vc)) {
+  assert(layoutKind != (int)LayoutKind::UNKNOWN, "Sanity");
+  assert(layoutKind != (int)LayoutKind::REFERENCE, "This method handles only flat layouts");
+  oop base = JNIHandles::resolve(obj);
+  if (base == nullptr) {
+    THROW_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
+  }
+  Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(vc));
+  InlineKlass* vk = InlineKlass::cast(k);
+  log_unsafe_value_access(base, offset, vk);
+  LayoutKind lk = (LayoutKind)layoutKind;
+  FlatValuePayload payload = FlatValuePayload::construct_from_parts(base, offset, vk, lk);
+  oop v = payload.read(CHECK_NULL);
+  return JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, v);
+} UNSAFE_END
+
+UNSAFE_ENTRY(void, Unsafe_PutFlatValue(JNIEnv *env, jobject unsafe, jobject obj, jlong offset, jint layoutKind, jclass vc, jobject value)) {
+  assert(layoutKind != (int)LayoutKind::UNKNOWN, "Sanity");
+  assert(layoutKind != (int)LayoutKind::REFERENCE, "This method handles only flat layouts");
+  oop base = JNIHandles::resolve(obj);
+  if (base == nullptr) {
+    THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
+  }
+
+  InlineKlass* vk = InlineKlass::cast(java_lang_Class::as_Klass(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(vc)));
+  log_unsafe_value_access(base, offset, vk);
+  LayoutKind lk = (LayoutKind)layoutKind;
+  FlatValuePayload payload = FlatValuePayload::construct_from_parts(base, offset, vk, lk);
+  payload.write(inlineOop(JNIHandles::resolve(value)), CHECK);
+} UNSAFE_END
+
 UNSAFE_ENTRY(jobject, Unsafe_GetReferenceVolatile(JNIEnv *env, jobject unsafe, jobject obj, jlong offset)) {
   oop p = JNIHandles::resolve(obj);
   assert_field_offset_sane(p, offset);
@@ -577,6 +732,27 @@ UNSAFE_ENTRY(jboolean, Unsafe_ShouldBeInitialized0(JNIEnv *env, jobject unsafe,
 }
 UNSAFE_END
 
+UNSAFE_ENTRY(void, Unsafe_NotifyStrictStaticAccess0(JNIEnv *env, jobject unsafe, jobject clazz,
+                                                    jlong sfoffset, jboolean writing)) {
+  assert(clazz != nullptr, "clazz must not be null");
+
+  oop mirror = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(clazz);
+  Klass* klass = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(mirror);
+
+  if (klass != nullptr && klass->is_instance_klass()) {
+    InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(klass);
+    fieldDescriptor fd;
+    if (ik->find_local_field_from_offset((int)sfoffset, true, &fd)) {
+      // Note: The Unsafe API takes an OFFSET, but the InstanceKlass wants the INDEX.
+      // We could surface field indexes into Unsafe, but that's too much churn.
+      ik->notify_strict_static_access(fd.index(), writing, CHECK);
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+  THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError());
+}
+UNSAFE_END
+
 static void getBaseAndScale(int& base, int& scale, jclass clazz, TRAPS) {
   assert(clazz != nullptr, "clazz must not be null");
 
@@ -585,19 +761,40 @@ static void getBaseAndScale(int& base, int& scale, jclass clazz, TRAPS) {
 
   if (k == nullptr || !k->is_array_klass()) {
     THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_InvalidClassException());
-  } else if (k->is_objArray_klass()) {
-    base  = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT);
-    scale = heapOopSize;
   } else if (k->is_typeArray_klass()) {
     TypeArrayKlass* tak = TypeArrayKlass::cast(k);
     base  = tak->array_header_in_bytes();
     assert(base == arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(tak->element_type()), "array_header_size semantics ok");
     scale = (1 << tak->log2_element_size());
+  } else if (k->is_objArray_klass()) {
+    Klass* ek = ObjArrayKlass::cast(k)->element_klass();
+    if (!ek->is_identity_class() && !ek->is_abstract()) {
+      // Arrays of a concrete value class type can have multiple layouts
+      // There's no good value to return, so throwing an exception is the way out
+      THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "Arrays of a concrete value class don't have a single base and offset");
+    }
+    base  = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT);
+    scale = heapOopSize;
   } else {
     ShouldNotReachHere();
   }
 }
 
+UNSAFE_ENTRY(jint, Unsafe_ArrayInstanceBaseOffset0(JNIEnv *env, jobject unsafe, jarray array)) {
+  assert(array != nullptr, "array must not be null");
+  oop ar = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(array);
+  assert(ar->is_array(), "Must be an array");
+  ArrayKlass* ak = ArrayKlass::cast(ar->klass());
+  if (ak->is_refArray_klass()) {
+    return arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT);
+  } else if (ak->is_flatArray_klass()) {
+    FlatArrayKlass* fak = FlatArrayKlass::cast(ak);
+    return fak->array_header_in_bytes();
+  } else {
+    ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+} UNSAFE_END
+
 UNSAFE_ENTRY(jint, Unsafe_ArrayBaseOffset0(JNIEnv *env, jobject unsafe, jclass clazz)) {
   int base = 0, scale = 0;
   getBaseAndScale(base, scale, clazz, CHECK_0);
@@ -627,6 +824,37 @@ UNSAFE_ENTRY(jint, Unsafe_ArrayIndexScale0(JNIEnv *env, jobject unsafe, jclass c
   return field_offset_from_byte_offset(scale) - field_offset_from_byte_offset(0);
 } UNSAFE_END
 
+UNSAFE_ENTRY(jint, Unsafe_ArrayInstanceIndexScale0(JNIEnv *env, jobject unsafe, jarray array)) {
+  assert(array != nullptr, "array must not be null");
+  oop ar = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(array);
+  assert(ar->is_array(), "Must be an array");
+  ArrayKlass* ak = ArrayKlass::cast(ar->klass());
+  if (ak->is_refArray_klass()) {
+    return heapOopSize;
+  } else if (ak->is_flatArray_klass()) {
+    FlatArrayKlass* fak = FlatArrayKlass::cast(ak);
+    return fak->element_byte_size();
+  } else {
+    ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+} UNSAFE_END
+
+UNSAFE_ENTRY(jarray, Unsafe_GetFieldMap0(JNIEnv* env, jobject unsafe, jclass clazz)) {
+  oop mirror = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(clazz);
+  Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(mirror);
+
+  if (!k->is_inline_klass()) {
+    THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "Argument is not a concrete value class");
+  }
+  InlineKlass* vk = InlineKlass::cast(k);
+  oop map = mirror->obj_field(vk->acmp_maps_offset());
+  return (jarray) JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, map);
+} UNSAFE_END
+
+UNSAFE_ENTRY(jlong, Unsafe_GetObjectSize0(JNIEnv* env, jobject o, jobject obj))
+  oop p = JNIHandles::resolve(obj);
+  return p->size() * HeapWordSize;
+UNSAFE_END
 
 static inline void throw_new(JNIEnv *env, const char *ename) {
   jclass cls = env->FindClass(ename);
@@ -840,6 +1068,8 @@ UNSAFE_ENTRY(jint, Unsafe_GetLoadAverage0(JNIEnv *env, jobject unsafe, jdoubleAr
 #define FLD LANG "reflect/Field;"
 #define THR LANG "Throwable;"
 
+#define OBJ_ARR "[" OBJ
+
 #define DC_Args  LANG "String;[BII" LANG "ClassLoader;" "Ljava/security/ProtectionDomain;"
 #define DAC_Args CLS "[B[" OBJ
 
@@ -847,10 +1077,10 @@ UNSAFE_ENTRY(jint, Unsafe_GetLoadAverage0(JNIEnv *env, jobject unsafe, jdoubleAr
 #define FN_PTR(f) CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(void*, &f)
 
 #define DECLARE_GETPUTOOP(Type, Desc) \
-    {CC "get" #Type,      CC "(" OBJ "J)" #Desc,       FN_PTR(Unsafe_Get##Type)}, \
-    {CC "put" #Type,      CC "(" OBJ "J" #Desc ")V",   FN_PTR(Unsafe_Put##Type)}, \
-    {CC "get" #Type "Volatile",      CC "(" OBJ "J)" #Desc,       FN_PTR(Unsafe_Get##Type##Volatile)}, \
-    {CC "put" #Type "Volatile",      CC "(" OBJ "J" #Desc ")V",   FN_PTR(Unsafe_Put##Type##Volatile)}
+    {CC "get"  #Type,      CC "(" OBJ "J)" #Desc,                 FN_PTR(Unsafe_Get##Type)}, \
+    {CC "put"  #Type,      CC "(" OBJ "J" #Desc ")V",             FN_PTR(Unsafe_Put##Type)}, \
+    {CC "get"  #Type "Volatile",      CC "(" OBJ "J)" #Desc,      FN_PTR(Unsafe_Get##Type##Volatile)}, \
+    {CC "put"  #Type "Volatile",      CC "(" OBJ "J" #Desc ")V",  FN_PTR(Unsafe_Put##Type##Volatile)}
 
 
 static JNINativeMethod jdk_internal_misc_Unsafe_methods[] = {
@@ -859,6 +1089,15 @@ static JNINativeMethod jdk_internal_misc_Unsafe_methods[] = {
     {CC "getReferenceVolatile", CC "(" OBJ "J)" OBJ,      FN_PTR(Unsafe_GetReferenceVolatile)},
     {CC "putReferenceVolatile", CC "(" OBJ "J" OBJ ")V",  FN_PTR(Unsafe_PutReferenceVolatile)},
 
+    {CC "isFlatField0",         CC "(" OBJ ")Z",          FN_PTR(Unsafe_IsFlatField)},
+    {CC "hasNullMarker0",       CC "(" OBJ ")Z",          FN_PTR(Unsafe_HasNullMarker)},
+    {CC "nullMarkerOffset0",    CC "(" OBJ ")I",          FN_PTR(Unsafe_NullMarkerOffset)},
+    {CC "arrayLayout0",         CC "(" OBJ_ARR ")I",      FN_PTR(Unsafe_ArrayLayout)},
+    {CC "fieldLayout0",         CC "(" OBJ ")I",          FN_PTR(Unsafe_FieldLayout)},
+    {CC "newSpecialArray",      CC "(" CLS "II)[" OBJ,    FN_PTR(Unsafe_NewSpecialArray)},
+    {CC "getFlatValue",         CC "(" OBJ "JI" CLS ")" OBJ, FN_PTR(Unsafe_GetFlatValue)},
+    {CC "putFlatValue",         CC "(" OBJ "JI" CLS OBJ ")V", FN_PTR(Unsafe_PutFlatValue)},
+    {CC "valueHeaderSize",       CC "(" CLS ")J",         FN_PTR(Unsafe_ValueHeaderSize)},
     {CC "getUncompressedObject", CC "(" ADR ")" OBJ,  FN_PTR(Unsafe_GetUncompressedObject)},
 
     DECLARE_GETPUTOOP(Boolean, Z),
@@ -880,7 +1119,11 @@ static JNINativeMethod jdk_internal_misc_Unsafe_methods[] = {
     {CC "staticFieldBase0",   CC "(" FLD ")" OBJ,        FN_PTR(Unsafe_StaticFieldBase0)},
     {CC "ensureClassInitialized0", CC "(" CLS ")V",      FN_PTR(Unsafe_EnsureClassInitialized0)},
     {CC "arrayBaseOffset0",   CC "(" CLS ")I",           FN_PTR(Unsafe_ArrayBaseOffset0)},
+    {CC "arrayInstanceBaseOffset0",   CC "(" OBJ_ARR ")I", FN_PTR(Unsafe_ArrayInstanceBaseOffset0)},
     {CC "arrayIndexScale0",   CC "(" CLS ")I",           FN_PTR(Unsafe_ArrayIndexScale0)},
+    {CC "arrayInstanceIndexScale0",   CC "(" OBJ_ARR ")I", FN_PTR(Unsafe_ArrayInstanceIndexScale0)},
+    {CC "getFieldMap0",       CC "(Ljava/lang/Class;)[I", FN_PTR(Unsafe_GetFieldMap0)},
+    {CC "getObjectSize0",     CC "(Ljava/lang/Object;)J", FN_PTR(Unsafe_GetObjectSize0)},
 
     {CC "defineClass0",       CC "(" DC_Args ")" CLS,    FN_PTR(Unsafe_DefineClass0)},
     {CC "allocateInstance",   CC "(" CLS ")" OBJ,        FN_PTR(Unsafe_AllocateInstance)},
@@ -905,6 +1148,7 @@ static JNINativeMethod jdk_internal_misc_Unsafe_methods[] = {
     {CC "setMemory0",         CC "(" OBJ "JJB)V",        FN_PTR(Unsafe_SetMemory0)},
 
     {CC "shouldBeInitialized0", CC "(" CLS ")Z",         FN_PTR(Unsafe_ShouldBeInitialized0)},
+    {CC "notifyStrictStaticAccess0", CC "(" CLS "JZ)V",  FN_PTR(Unsafe_NotifyStrictStaticAccess0)},
 
     {CC "fullFence",          CC "()V",                  FN_PTR(Unsafe_FullFence)},
 };
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/wbtestmethods/parserTests.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/wbtestmethods/parserTests.cpp
index dc0604aa31d..966bd8726d8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/wbtestmethods/parserTests.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/wbtestmethods/parserTests.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -149,8 +149,8 @@ WB_ENTRY(jobjectArray, WB_ParseCommandLine(JNIEnv* env, jobject o, jstring j_cmd
 
   const char* c_cmdline = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(JNIHandles::resolve(j_cmdline));
   const char c_delim = (char)(j_delim & 0xff);
-  objArrayOop argumentArray = objArrayOop(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(arguments));
-  objArrayHandle argumentArray_ah(THREAD, argumentArray);
+  refArrayOop argumentArray = refArrayOop(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(arguments));
+  refArrayHandle argumentArray_ah(THREAD, argumentArray);
 
   int length = argumentArray_ah->length();
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/whitebox.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/whitebox.cpp
index 2c389d37fec..7e9a97410bc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/whitebox.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/whitebox.cpp
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@
 #include "jvmtifiles/jvmtiEnv.hpp"
 #include "logging/log.hpp"
 #include "memory/iterator.hpp"
+#include "memory/iterator.inline.hpp"
 #include "memory/memoryReserver.hpp"
 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
 #include "memory/metaspace/testHelpers.hpp"
@@ -60,8 +61,10 @@
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "nmt/mallocSiteTable.hpp"
+#include "oops/access.hpp"
 #include "oops/array.hpp"
 #include "oops/compressedOops.hpp"
+#include "oops/compressedOops.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/constantPool.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.inline.hpp"
@@ -87,6 +90,7 @@
 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaThread.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/jniHandles.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/keepStackGCProcessed.hpp"
 #include "runtime/lockStack.hpp"
 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
 #include "runtime/stackFrameStream.inline.hpp"
@@ -1997,6 +2001,109 @@ WB_ENTRY(jobjectArray, WB_GetResolvedReferences(JNIEnv* env, jobject wb, jclass
   return (jobjectArray)JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, resolved_refs);
 WB_END
 
+WB_ENTRY(jobjectArray, WB_getObjectsViaKlassOopMaps(JNIEnv* env, jobject wb, jobject thing))
+  oop aoop = JNIHandles::resolve(thing);
+  if (!aoop->is_instance()) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  instanceHandle ih(THREAD, (instanceOop) aoop);
+  InstanceKlass* klass = InstanceKlass::cast(ih->klass());
+  if (klass->nonstatic_oop_map_count() == 0) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  const OopMapBlock* map = klass->start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps();
+  const OopMapBlock* const end = map + klass->nonstatic_oop_map_count();
+  int oop_count = 0;
+  while (map < end) {
+    oop_count += map->count();
+    map++;
+  }
+
+  refArrayHandle result_array =
+      oopFactory::new_refArray_handle(vmClasses::Object_klass(), oop_count, CHECK_NULL);
+  map = klass->start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps();
+  int index = 0;
+  while (map < end) {
+    int offset = map->offset();
+    for (unsigned int j = 0; j < map->count(); j++) {
+      result_array->obj_at_put(index++, ih->obj_field(offset));
+      offset += heapOopSize;
+    }
+    map++;
+  }
+  return (jobjectArray)JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, result_array());
+WB_END
+
+// Collect Object oops but not value objects...loaded from heap
+class CollectObjectOops : public BasicOopIterateClosure {
+  public:
+  GrowableArray<Handle>* _array;
+
+  CollectObjectOops() {
+      _array = new GrowableArray<Handle>(128);
+  }
+
+  void add_oop(oop o) {
+    Handle oh = Handle(Thread::current(), o);
+    if (oh != nullptr && oh->is_inline_type()) {
+      oh->oop_iterate(this);
+    } else {
+      _array->append(oh);
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <class T> inline void add_oop(T* p) { add_oop(HeapAccess<>::oop_load(p)); }
+  void do_oop(oop* o) { add_oop(o); }
+  void do_oop(narrowOop* v) { add_oop(v); }
+
+  jobjectArray create_jni_result(JNIEnv* env, TRAPS) {
+    refArrayHandle result_array =
+        oopFactory::new_refArray_handle(vmClasses::Object_klass(), _array->length(), CHECK_NULL);
+    for (int i = 0 ; i < _array->length(); i++) {
+      result_array->obj_at_put(i, _array->at(i)());
+    }
+    return (jobjectArray)JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, result_array());
+  }
+};
+
+// Collect Object oops but not value objects...loaded from frames
+class CollectFrameObjectOops : public BasicOopIterateClosure {
+ public:
+  CollectObjectOops _collect;
+
+  template <class T> inline void add_oop(T* p) { _collect.add_oop(RawAccess<>::oop_load(p)); }
+  void do_oop(oop* o) { add_oop(o); }
+  void do_oop(narrowOop* v) { add_oop(v); }
+
+  jobjectArray create_jni_result(JNIEnv* env, TRAPS) {
+    return _collect.create_jni_result(env, THREAD);
+  }
+};
+
+// Collect Object oops for the given oop, iterate through value objects
+WB_ENTRY(jobjectArray, WB_getObjectsViaOopIterator(JNIEnv* env, jobject wb, jobject thing))
+  ResourceMark rm(thread);
+  Handle objh(thread, JNIHandles::resolve(thing));
+  CollectObjectOops collectOops;
+  objh->oop_iterate(&collectOops);
+  return collectOops.create_jni_result(env, THREAD);
+WB_END
+
+// Collect Object oops for the given frame deep, iterate through value objects
+WB_ENTRY(jobjectArray, WB_getObjectsViaFrameOopIterator(JNIEnv* env, jobject wb, jint depth))
+  KeepStackGCProcessedMark ksgcpm(THREAD);
+  ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+  CollectFrameObjectOops collectOops;
+  StackFrameStream sfs(thread, true /* update */, true /* process_frames */);
+  while (depth > 0) { // Skip the native WB API frame
+    sfs.next();
+    frame* f = sfs.current();
+    f->oops_do(&collectOops, nullptr, sfs.register_map());
+    depth--;
+  }
+  return collectOops.create_jni_result(env, THREAD);
+WB_END
+
 WB_ENTRY(jint, WB_getFieldEntriesLength(JNIEnv* env, jobject wb, jclass klass))
   InstanceKlass* ik = java_lang_Class::as_InstanceKlass(JNIHandles::resolve(klass));
   ConstantPool* cp = ik->constants();
@@ -2982,6 +3089,12 @@ static JNINativeMethod methods[] = {
   {CC"forceClassLoaderStatsSafepoint", CC"()V",       (void*)&WB_ForceClassLoaderStatsSafepoint },
   {CC"getConstantPool0",   CC"(Ljava/lang/Class;)J",  (void*)&WB_GetConstantPool    },
   {CC"getResolvedReferences0", CC"(Ljava/lang/Class;)[Ljava/lang/Object;", (void*)&WB_GetResolvedReferences},
+  {CC"getObjectsViaKlassOopMaps0",
+      CC"(Ljava/lang/Object;)[Ljava/lang/Object;",    (void*)&WB_getObjectsViaKlassOopMaps},
+  {CC"getObjectsViaOopIterator0",
+          CC"(Ljava/lang/Object;)[Ljava/lang/Object;",(void*)&WB_getObjectsViaOopIterator},
+  {CC"getObjectsViaFrameOopIterator",
+      CC"(I)[Ljava/lang/Object;",                     (void*)&WB_getObjectsViaFrameOopIterator},
   {CC"getFieldEntriesLength0", CC"(Ljava/lang/Class;)I",  (void*)&WB_getFieldEntriesLength},
   {CC"getFieldCPIndex0",    CC"(Ljava/lang/Class;I)I", (void*)&WB_getFieldCPIndex},
   {CC"getMethodEntriesLength0", CC"(Ljava/lang/Class;)I",  (void*)&WB_getMethodEntriesLength},
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp
index b08e71f559a..0c6d6caee10 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@
 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlag.hpp"
 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlagAccess.hpp"
 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlagLimit.hpp"
+#include "runtime/globals.hpp"
 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
@@ -74,6 +75,8 @@
 #include "jfr/jfr.hpp"
 #endif
 
+#include <string.h>
+
 static const char _default_java_launcher[] = "generic";
 
 #define DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER _default_java_launcher
@@ -2642,8 +2645,7 @@ jint Arguments::finalize_vm_init_args() {
   }
 
   // Called after ClassLoader::lookup_vm_options() but before class loading begins.
-  // TODO: Obtain and pass correct preview mode flag value here.
-  ClassLoader::set_preview_mode(false);
+  ClassLoader::set_preview_mode(is_valhalla_enabled());
 
   if (!check_vm_args_consistency()) {
     return JNI_ERR;
@@ -3514,6 +3516,74 @@ jint Arguments::apply_ergo() {
     log_info(verification)("Turning on remote verification because local verification is on");
     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(BytecodeVerificationRemote, true);
   }
+  if (!is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+#define WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT_FLAG(flag)                                                                       \
+    if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(flag)) {                                                                            \
+      warning("Preview-specific flag \"%s\" has no effect when --enable-preview is not specified.", #flag);  \
+    }
+
+#define DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(flag)  \
+    WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT_FLAG(flag)                  \
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(flag, false);
+
+    DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs);
+    DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(InlineTypeReturnedAsFields);
+    DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(UseArrayFlattening);
+    DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(UseFieldFlattening);
+    DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening);
+    DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening);
+    DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening);
+    DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening);
+    DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(UseAcmpFastPath);
+    DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(PrintInlineLayout);
+    DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(PrintFlatArrayLayout);
+    DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(IgnoreAssertUnsetFields);
+    WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT_FLAG(FlatArrayElementMaxOops);
+    WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT_FLAG(ForceNonTearable);
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(StressCallingConvention);
+    DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(PreloadClasses);
+    WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT_FLAG(PrintInlineKlassFields);
+#endif
+#ifdef COMPILER1
+    DEBUG_ONLY(DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(C1UseDelayedFlattenedFieldReads);)
+#endif
+#ifdef COMPILER2
+    DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(UseArrayLoadStoreProfile);
+    DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(UseACmpProfile);
+#endif
+#undef DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT
+#undef WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT_FLAG
+  } else {
+#define DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NO_FLATTENING(flag, fallback)                                        \
+    if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(flag) && !UseArrayFlattening && !UseFieldFlattening) {                       \
+      warning("Flattening flag \"%s\" has no effect when all flattening modes are disabled.", #flag); \
+      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(flag, fallback);                                                               \
+    }
+
+    DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NO_FLATTENING(UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening, false);
+    DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NO_FLATTENING(UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening, false);
+    DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NO_FLATTENING(UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening, false);
+    DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NO_FLATTENING(UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening, false);
+    DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NO_FLATTENING(FlatArrayElementMaxOops, 0);
+    DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NO_FLATTENING(FlatteningBudget, 0);
+#undef DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NO_FLATTENING
+    if (is_interpreter_only() && !CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive() && !UseSharedSpaces) {
+      // Disable calling convention optimizations if inline types are not supported.
+      // Also these aren't useful in -Xint. However, don't disable them when dumping or using
+      // the CDS archive, as the values must match between dumptime and runtime.
+      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, false);
+      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, false);
+    }
+    if (!UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening &&
+        !UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening &&
+        !UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening &&
+        !UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening) {
+      // Flattening is disabled
+      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseArrayFlattening, false);
+      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseFieldFlattening, false);
+    }
+  }
 
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   if (!LogVMOutput && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogVMOutput)) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.hpp
index 4367806a7a2..243349a4f0c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.hpp
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ class ModulePatchPath : public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
 
   inline const char* module_name() const { return _module_name; }
   inline char* path_string() const { return _path->value(); }
+  inline void append_path(const char* path) { _path->append_value(path); }
 };
 
 // Element describing System and User (-Dkey=value flags) defined property.
@@ -459,6 +460,7 @@ class Arguments : AllStatic {
 
   // Set up the underlying pieces of the boot class path
   static void add_patch_mod_prefix(const char *module_name, const char *path);
+
   static void set_boot_class_path(const char *value, bool has_jimage) {
     // During start up, set by os::set_boot_path()
     assert(get_boot_class_path() == nullptr, "Boot class path previously set");
@@ -489,6 +491,10 @@ class Arguments : AllStatic {
   // preview features
   static void set_enable_preview() { _enable_preview = true; }
   static bool enable_preview() { return _enable_preview; }
+  static bool is_valhalla_enabled() {
+    // Valhalla is a feature opted-in by --enable-preview
+    return enable_preview();
+  }
 
   // jdwp
   static bool has_jdwp_agent() { return _has_jdwp_agent; }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
index 89c4d1f1bd5..60a921ac321 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
@@ -467,9 +467,9 @@ class FreezeBase : public StackObj {
   static frame sender(const frame& f) { return f.is_interpreted_frame() ? sender<ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame>(f)
                                                                         : sender<ContinuationHelper::NonInterpretedUnknownFrame>(f); }
   template<typename FKind> static inline frame sender(const frame& f);
-  template<typename FKind> frame new_heap_frame(frame& f, frame& caller);
+  template<typename FKind> frame new_heap_frame(frame& f, frame& caller, int size_adjust = 0);
   inline void set_top_frame_metadata_pd(const frame& hf);
-  inline void patch_pd(frame& callee, const frame& caller);
+  inline void patch_pd(frame& callee, const frame& caller, bool is_bottom_frame);
   inline void patch_pd_unused(intptr_t* sp);
   void adjust_interpreted_frame_unextended_sp(frame& f);
   inline void prepare_freeze_interpreted_top_frame(frame& f);
@@ -1177,7 +1177,7 @@ void FreezeBase::patch(const frame& f, frame& hf, const frame& caller, bool is_b
     assert(!caller.is_empty(), "");
   }
 
-  patch_pd(hf, caller);
+  patch_pd(hf, caller, is_bottom_frame);
 
   if (f.is_interpreted_frame()) {
     assert(hf.is_heap_frame(), "should be");
@@ -1274,13 +1274,35 @@ freeze_result FreezeBase::recurse_freeze_compiled_frame(frame& f, frame& caller,
   intptr_t* const stack_frame_top = ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame::frame_top(f, callee_argsize, callee_interpreted);
   intptr_t* const stack_frame_bottom = ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame::frame_bottom(f);
   // including metadata between f and its stackargs
-  const int argsize = ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame::stack_argsize(f) + frame::metadata_words_at_top;
-  const int fsize = pointer_delta_as_int(stack_frame_bottom + argsize, stack_frame_top);
+  int argsize = ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame::stack_argsize(f) + frame::metadata_words_at_top;
+  int fsize = pointer_delta_as_int(stack_frame_bottom + argsize, stack_frame_top);
+
+  int real_frame_size = 0;
+  bool augmented = f.was_augmented_on_entry(real_frame_size);
+  if (augmented) {
+    // The args reside inside the frame so clear argsize. If the caller is compiled,
+    // this will cause the stack arguments passed by the caller to be freezed when
+    // freezing the caller frame itself. If the caller is interpreted this will have
+    // the effect of discarding the arg area created in the i2c stub.
+    argsize = 0;
+    fsize = real_frame_size - (callee_interpreted ? 0 : callee_argsize);
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    nmethod* nm = f.cb()->as_nmethod();
+    Method* method = nm->method();
+    address return_pc = ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame::return_pc(f);
+    CodeBlob* caller_cb = CodeCache::find_blob_fast(return_pc);
+    assert(nm->is_compiled_by_c2() || (caller_cb->is_nmethod() && caller_cb->as_nmethod()->is_compiled_by_c2()), "caller or callee should be c2 compiled");
+    assert((!caller_cb->is_nmethod() && nm->is_compiled_by_c2()) ||
+           (nm->compiler_type() != caller_cb->as_nmethod()->compiler_type()) ||
+           (nm->is_compiled_by_c2() && !method->is_static() && method->method_holder()->is_inline_klass()),
+           "frame should not be extended");
+#endif
+  }
 
-  log_develop_trace(continuations)("recurse_freeze_compiled_frame %s _size: %d fsize: %d argsize: %d",
+  log_develop_trace(continuations)("recurse_freeze_compiled_frame %s _size: %d fsize: %d argsize: %d augmented: %d",
                              ContinuationHelper::Frame::frame_method(f) != nullptr ?
                              ContinuationHelper::Frame::frame_method(f)->name_and_sig_as_C_string() : "",
-                             _freeze_size, fsize, argsize);
+                             _freeze_size, fsize, argsize, augmented);
   // we'd rather not yield inside methods annotated with @JvmtiMountTransition
   assert(!ContinuationHelper::Frame::frame_method(f)->jvmti_mount_transition(), "");
 
@@ -1291,10 +1313,11 @@ freeze_result FreezeBase::recurse_freeze_compiled_frame(frame& f, frame& caller,
 
   bool is_bottom_frame = result == freeze_ok_bottom;
   assert(!caller.is_empty() || is_bottom_frame, "");
+  assert(!is_bottom_frame || !augmented, "thaw extended frame without caller?");
 
   DEBUG_ONLY(before_freeze_java_frame(f, caller, fsize, argsize, is_bottom_frame);)
 
-  frame hf = new_heap_frame<ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame>(f, caller);
+  frame hf = new_heap_frame<ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame>(f, caller, augmented ? real_frame_size - f.cb()->as_nmethod()->frame_size() : 0);
 
   intptr_t* heap_frame_top = ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame::frame_top(hf, callee_argsize, callee_interpreted);
 
@@ -2076,6 +2099,7 @@ class ThawBase : public StackObj {
   void clear_chunk(stackChunkOop chunk);
   template<bool check_stub>
   int remove_top_compiled_frame_from_chunk(stackChunkOop chunk, int &argsize);
+  int remove_scalarized_frames(StackChunkFrameStream<ChunkFrames::CompiledOnly>& scfs, int &argsize);
   void copy_from_chunk(intptr_t* from, intptr_t* to, int size);
 
   void thaw_lockstack(stackChunkOop chunk);
@@ -2111,7 +2135,7 @@ class ThawBase : public StackObj {
 
   void push_return_frame(const frame& f);
   inline frame new_entry_frame();
-  template<typename FKind> frame new_stack_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, bool bottom);
+  template<typename FKind> frame new_stack_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, bool bottom, int size_adjust = 0);
   inline void patch_pd(frame& f, const frame& sender);
   inline void patch_pd(frame& f, intptr_t* caller_sp);
   inline intptr_t* align(const frame& hf, intptr_t* frame_sp, frame& caller, bool bottom);
@@ -2188,6 +2212,20 @@ inline void ThawBase::clear_chunk(stackChunkOop chunk) {
   chunk->set_max_thawing_size(0);
 }
 
+int ThawBase::remove_scalarized_frames(StackChunkFrameStream<ChunkFrames::CompiledOnly>& f, int &argsize) {
+  intptr_t* top = f.sp();
+
+  while (f.cb()->as_nmethod()->needs_stack_repair()) {
+    f.next(SmallRegisterMap::instance_no_args(), false /* stop */);
+  }
+  assert(!f.is_done(), "");
+  assert(f.is_compiled(), "");
+
+  intptr_t* bottom = f.sp() + f.cb()->frame_size();
+  argsize = f.stack_argsize();
+  return bottom - top;
+}
+
 template<bool check_stub>
 int ThawBase::remove_top_compiled_frame_from_chunk(stackChunkOop chunk, int &argsize) {
   bool empty = false;
@@ -2209,8 +2247,6 @@ int ThawBase::remove_top_compiled_frame_from_chunk(stackChunkOop chunk, int &arg
 
     f.get_cb();
     assert(f.is_compiled(), "");
-    frame_size += f.cb()->frame_size();
-    argsize = f.stack_argsize();
 
     if (f.cb()->as_nmethod()->is_marked_for_deoptimization()) {
       // The caller of the runtime stub when the continuation is preempted is not at a
@@ -2218,6 +2254,15 @@ int ThawBase::remove_top_compiled_frame_from_chunk(stackChunkOop chunk, int &arg
       log_develop_trace(continuations)("Deoptimizing runtime stub caller");
       f.to_frame().deoptimize(nullptr); // the null thread simply avoids the assertion in deoptimize which we're not set up for
     }
+
+    if (f.cb()->as_nmethod()->needs_stack_repair()) {
+      frame_size += remove_scalarized_frames(f, argsize);
+    } else {
+      frame_size += f.cb()->frame_size();
+      argsize = f.stack_argsize();
+    }
+  } else if (f.cb()->as_nmethod()->needs_stack_repair()) {
+    frame_size = remove_scalarized_frames(f, argsize);
   }
 
   f.next(SmallRegisterMap::instance_no_args(), true /* stop */);
@@ -2518,13 +2563,19 @@ bool ThawBase::recurse_thaw_java_frame(frame& caller, int num_frames) {
   DEBUG_ONLY(_frames++;)
 
   int argsize = _stream.stack_argsize();
+  CodeBlob* cb = _stream.cb();
 
   _stream.next(SmallRegisterMap::instance_no_args());
   assert(_stream.to_frame().is_empty() == _stream.is_done(), "");
 
-  // we never leave a compiled caller of an interpreted frame as the top frame in the chunk
-  // as it makes detecting that situation and adjusting unextended_sp tricky
-  if (num_frames == 1 && !_stream.is_done() && FKind::interpreted && _stream.is_compiled()) {
+  // We never leave a compiled caller of an interpreted frame as the top frame in the chunk
+  // as it makes detecting that situation and adjusting unextended_sp tricky. We also always
+  // thaw the caller of a frame that needs_stack_repair, as it would otherwise complicate things:
+  // - Regardless of whether the frame was extended or not, we would need to copy the right arg
+  //   size if its greater than the one given by the normal method signature (non-scalarized).
+  // - If the frame was indeed extended, leaving its caller as the top frame would complicate walking
+  //   the chunk (we need unextended_sp, but we only have sp).
+  if (num_frames == 1 && !_stream.is_done() && ((FKind::interpreted && _stream.is_compiled()) || (FKind::compiled && cb->as_nmethod_or_null()->needs_stack_repair()))) {
     log_develop_trace(continuations)("thawing extra compiled frame to not leave a compiled interpreted-caller at top");
     num_frames++;
   }
@@ -2591,14 +2642,14 @@ inline void ThawBase::patch(frame& f, const frame& caller, bool bottom) {
   if (bottom) {
     ContinuationHelper::Frame::patch_pc(caller, _cont.is_empty() ? caller.pc()
                                                                  : StubRoutines::cont_returnBarrier());
-  } else if (_should_patch_caller_pc) {
+  } else if (_should_patch_caller_pc || caller.is_compiled_frame()) {
     // Caller was deoptimized during thaw but we've overwritten the return address when copying f from the heap.
     // Also, on some platforms, if the caller is interpreted but the callee not we also need to patch.
 
 #if defined(PPC64) || defined(S390)
-    assert(caller.is_deoptimized_frame() || caller.is_interpreted_frame(), "");
+    assert(!_should_patch_caller_pc || caller.is_deoptimized_frame() || caller.is_interpreted_frame(), "");
 #else
-    assert(caller.is_deoptimized_frame(), "");
+    assert(!_should_patch_caller_pc || caller.is_deoptimized_frame(), "");
 #endif
 
     ContinuationHelper::Frame::patch_pc(caller, caller.raw_pc());
@@ -2840,17 +2891,23 @@ void ThawBase::recurse_thaw_compiled_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, int n
     _align_size += frame::align_wiggle; // we add one whether or not we've aligned because we add it in recurse_freeze_compiled_frame
   }
 
+  int fsize = 0;
+  int added_argsize = 0;
+  bool augmented = hf.was_augmented_on_entry(fsize);
+  if (!augmented) {
+    added_argsize = (is_bottom_frame || caller.is_interpreted_frame()) ? hf.compiled_frame_stack_argsize() : 0;
+    fsize += added_argsize;
+  }
+  assert(!is_bottom_frame || !augmented, "");
+
   // new_stack_frame must construct the resulting frame using hf.pc() rather than hf.raw_pc() because the frame is not
   // yet laid out in the stack, and so the original_pc is not stored in it.
   // As a result, f.is_deoptimized_frame() is always false and we must test hf to know if the frame is deoptimized.
-  frame f = new_stack_frame<ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame>(hf, caller, is_bottom_frame);
+  frame f = new_stack_frame<ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame>(hf, caller, is_bottom_frame, augmented ? fsize - hf.cb()->frame_size() : 0);
+  assert((int)(caller.sp() - f.sp()) == (augmented ? fsize : f.cb()->frame_size()), "");
+
   intptr_t* const stack_frame_top = f.sp();
   intptr_t* const heap_frame_top = hf.unextended_sp();
-
-  const int added_argsize = (is_bottom_frame || caller.is_interpreted_frame()) ? hf.compiled_frame_stack_argsize() : 0;
-  int fsize = ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame::size(hf) + added_argsize;
-  assert(fsize <= (int)(caller.unextended_sp() - f.unextended_sp()), "");
-
   intptr_t* from = heap_frame_top - frame::metadata_words_at_bottom;
   intptr_t* to   = stack_frame_top - frame::metadata_words_at_bottom;
   // copy metadata, except the metadata at the top of the (unextended) entry frame
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp
index e9143a3c4e3..1a14cc25a41 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp
@@ -48,8 +48,12 @@
 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
+#include "oops/arrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/constantPool.hpp"
 #include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayOop.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
@@ -61,6 +65,7 @@
 #include "prims/jvmtiThreadState.hpp"
 #include "prims/methodHandles.hpp"
 #include "prims/vectorSupport.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/atomicAccess.hpp"
 #include "runtime/basicLock.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/continuation.hpp"
@@ -298,9 +303,22 @@ JRT_BLOCK_ENTRY(Deoptimization::UnrollBlock*, Deoptimization::fetch_unroll_info(
 JRT_END
 
 #ifdef COMPILER2
+
+static Klass* get_refined_array_klass(Klass* k, frame* fr, RegisterMap* map, ObjectValue* sv, TRAPS) {
+  // If it's an array, get the properties
+  if (k->is_array_klass() && !k->is_typeArray_klass()) {
+    assert(k->is_unrefined_objArray_klass(), "Expected unrefined array klass");
+    nmethod* nm = fr->cb()->as_nmethod_or_null();
+    assert(sv->has_properties(), "Property information is missing");
+    ArrayProperties props(checked_cast<ArrayProperties::Type>(StackValue::create_stack_value(fr, map, sv->properties())->get_jint()));
+    k = ObjArrayKlass::cast(k)->klass_with_properties(props, THREAD);
+  }
+  return k;
+}
+
 // print information about reallocated objects
-static void print_objects(JavaThread* deoptee_thread,
-                          GrowableArray<ScopeValue*>* objects, bool realloc_failures) {
+static void print_objects(JavaThread* deoptee_thread, frame* deoptee, RegisterMap* map,
+                          GrowableArray<ScopeValue*>* objects, bool realloc_failures, TRAPS) {
   ResourceMark rm;
   stringStream st;  // change to logStream with logging
   st.print_cr("REALLOC OBJECTS in thread " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(deoptee_thread));
@@ -316,6 +334,7 @@ static void print_objects(JavaThread* deoptee_thread,
     }
 
     Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(sv->klass()->as_ConstantOopReadValue()->value()());
+    k = get_refined_array_klass(k, deoptee, map, sv, THREAD);
 
     st.print("     object <" INTPTR_FORMAT "> of type ", p2i(sv->value()()));
     k->print_value_on(&st);
@@ -349,42 +368,66 @@ static bool rematerialize_objects(JavaThread* thread, int exec_mode, nmethod* co
   // is set during method compilation (see Compile::Process_OopMap_Node()).
   // If the previous frame was popped or if we are dispatching an exception,
   // we don't have an oop result.
-  bool save_oop_result = chunk->at(0)->scope()->return_oop() && !thread->popframe_forcing_deopt_reexecution() && (exec_mode == Deoptimization::Unpack_deopt);
-  Handle return_value;
+  ScopeDesc* scope = chunk->at(0)->scope();
+  bool save_oop_result = scope->return_oop() && !thread->popframe_forcing_deopt_reexecution() && (exec_mode == Deoptimization::Unpack_deopt);
+  // In case of the return of multiple values, we must take care
+  // of all oop return values.
+  GrowableArray<Handle> return_oops;
+  InlineKlass* vk = nullptr;
+  if (save_oop_result && scope->return_scalarized()) {
+    vk = InlineKlass::returned_inline_klass(map);
+    if (vk != nullptr) {
+      vk->save_oop_fields(map, return_oops);
+      save_oop_result = false;
+    }
+  }
   if (save_oop_result) {
     // Reallocation may trigger GC. If deoptimization happened on return from
     // call which returns oop we need to save it since it is not in oopmap.
     oop result = deoptee.saved_oop_result(&map);
     assert(oopDesc::is_oop_or_null(result), "must be oop");
-    return_value = Handle(thread, result);
+    return_oops.push(Handle(thread, result));
     assert(Universe::heap()->is_in_or_null(result), "must be heap pointer");
     if (TraceDeoptimization) {
       tty->print_cr("SAVED OOP RESULT " INTPTR_FORMAT " in thread " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(result), p2i(thread));
       tty->cr();
     }
   }
-  if (objects != nullptr) {
+  if (objects != nullptr || vk != nullptr) {
     if (exec_mode == Deoptimization::Unpack_none) {
       assert(thread->thread_state() == _thread_in_vm, "assumption");
       JavaThread* THREAD = thread; // For exception macros.
       // Clear pending OOM if reallocation fails and return true indicating allocation failure
-      realloc_failures = Deoptimization::realloc_objects(thread, &deoptee, &map, objects, CHECK_AND_CLEAR_(true));
+      if (vk != nullptr) {
+        realloc_failures = Deoptimization::realloc_inline_type_result(vk, map, return_oops, CHECK_AND_CLEAR_(true));
+      }
+      if (objects != nullptr) {
+        realloc_failures = realloc_failures || Deoptimization::realloc_objects(thread, &deoptee, &map, objects, CHECK_AND_CLEAR_(true));
+        guarantee(compiled_method != nullptr, "deopt must be associated with an nmethod");
+        Deoptimization::reassign_fields(&deoptee, &map, objects, realloc_failures, CHECK_AND_CLEAR_(true));
+      }
       deoptimized_objects = true;
     } else {
       JavaThread* current = thread; // For JRT_BLOCK
       JRT_BLOCK
-      realloc_failures = Deoptimization::realloc_objects(thread, &deoptee, &map, objects, THREAD);
+      if (vk != nullptr) {
+        realloc_failures = Deoptimization::realloc_inline_type_result(vk, map, return_oops, THREAD);
+      }
+      if (objects != nullptr) {
+        realloc_failures = realloc_failures || Deoptimization::realloc_objects(thread, &deoptee, &map, objects, THREAD);
+        guarantee(compiled_method != nullptr, "deopt must be associated with an nmethod");
+        Deoptimization::reassign_fields(&deoptee, &map, objects, realloc_failures, THREAD);
+      }
       JRT_END
     }
-    guarantee(compiled_method != nullptr, "deopt must be associated with an nmethod");
-    Deoptimization::reassign_fields(&deoptee, &map, objects, realloc_failures);
-    if (TraceDeoptimization) {
-      print_objects(deoptee_thread, objects, realloc_failures);
+    if (TraceDeoptimization && objects != nullptr) {
+      print_objects(deoptee_thread, &deoptee, &map, objects, realloc_failures, thread);
     }
   }
-  if (save_oop_result) {
+  if (save_oop_result || vk != nullptr) {
     // Restore result.
-    deoptee.set_saved_oop_result(&map, return_value());
+    assert(return_oops.length() == 1, "no inline type");
+    deoptee.set_saved_oop_result(&map, return_oops.pop()());
   }
   return realloc_failures;
 }
@@ -451,7 +494,8 @@ bool Deoptimization::deoptimize_objects_internal(JavaThread* thread, GrowableArr
   bool deoptimized_objects = false;
 
   // Reallocate the non-escaping objects and restore their fields.
-  if ((DoEscapeAnalysis && EliminateAllocations) || EliminateAutoBox || EnableVectorAggressiveReboxing) {
+  if (((DoEscapeAnalysis || Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) && EliminateAllocations) ||
+      EliminateAutoBox || EnableVectorAggressiveReboxing) {
     realloc_failures = rematerialize_objects(thread, Unpack_none, nm, deoptee, map, chunk, deoptimized_objects);
   }
 
@@ -525,7 +569,8 @@ Deoptimization::UnrollBlock* Deoptimization::fetch_unroll_info_helper(JavaThread
 #ifdef COMPILER2
   // Reallocate the non-escaping objects and restore their fields. Then
   // relock objects if synchronization on them was eliminated.
-  if ((DoEscapeAnalysis && EliminateAllocations) || EliminateAutoBox || EnableVectorAggressiveReboxing) {
+  if (((DoEscapeAnalysis || Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) && EliminateAllocations) ||
+      EliminateAutoBox || EnableVectorAggressiveReboxing) {
     bool unused;
     realloc_failures = rematerialize_objects(current, exec_mode, nm, deoptee, map, chunk, unused);
   }
@@ -712,7 +757,7 @@ Deoptimization::UnrollBlock* Deoptimization::fetch_unroll_info_helper(JavaThread
     caller_adjustment = last_frame_adjust(callee_parameters, callee_locals);
   }
 
-  // If the sender is deoptimized the we must retrieve the address of the handler
+  // If the sender is deoptimized we must retrieve the address of the handler
   // since the frame will "magically" show the original pc before the deopt
   // and we'd undo the deopt.
 
@@ -1058,8 +1103,19 @@ bool Deoptimization::realloc_objects(JavaThread* thread, frame* fr, RegisterMap*
     ObjectValue* sv = (ObjectValue*) objects->at(i);
 
     Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(sv->klass()->as_ConstantOopReadValue()->value()());
-    oop obj = nullptr;
 
+    k = get_refined_array_klass(k, fr, reg_map, sv, THREAD);
+
+    // Check if the object may be null and has an additional null_marker input that needs
+    // to be checked before using the field values. Skip re-allocation if it is null.
+    if (k->is_inline_klass() && sv->has_properties()) {
+      jint null_marker = StackValue::create_stack_value(fr, reg_map, sv->properties())->get_jint();
+      if (null_marker == 0) {
+        continue;
+      }
+    }
+
+    oop obj = nullptr;
     bool cache_init_error = false;
     if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
       InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
@@ -1071,14 +1127,19 @@ bool Deoptimization::realloc_objects(JavaThread* thread, frame* fr, RegisterMap*
           obj = ik->allocate_instance(THREAD);
         }
       }
+    } else if (k->is_flatArray_klass()) {
+      FlatArrayKlass* ak = FlatArrayKlass::cast(k);
+      // Inline type array must be zeroed because not all memory is reassigned
+      InternalOOMEMark iom(THREAD);
+      obj = ak->allocate_instance(sv->field_size(), THREAD);
     } else if (k->is_typeArray_klass()) {
       TypeArrayKlass* ak = TypeArrayKlass::cast(k);
       assert(sv->field_size() % type2size[ak->element_type()] == 0, "non-integral array length");
       int len = sv->field_size() / type2size[ak->element_type()];
       InternalOOMEMark iom(THREAD);
       obj = ak->allocate_instance(len, THREAD);
-    } else if (k->is_objArray_klass()) {
-      ObjArrayKlass* ak = ObjArrayKlass::cast(k);
+    } else if (k->is_refArray_klass()) {
+      RefArrayKlass* ak = RefArrayKlass::cast(k);
       InternalOOMEMark iom(THREAD);
       obj = ak->allocate_instance(sv->field_size(), THREAD);
     }
@@ -1102,6 +1163,21 @@ bool Deoptimization::realloc_objects(JavaThread* thread, frame* fr, RegisterMap*
   return failures;
 }
 
+// We're deoptimizing at the return of a call, inline type fields are
+// in registers. When we go back to the interpreter, it will expect a
+// reference to an inline type instance. Allocate and initialize it from
+// the register values here.
+bool Deoptimization::realloc_inline_type_result(InlineKlass* vk, const RegisterMap& map, GrowableArray<Handle>& return_oops, TRAPS) {
+  oop new_vt = vk->realloc_result(map, return_oops, THREAD);
+  if (new_vt == nullptr) {
+    CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+    THROW_OOP_(Universe::out_of_memory_error_realloc_objects(), true);
+  }
+  return_oops.clear();
+  return_oops.push(Handle(THREAD, new_vt));
+  return false;
+}
+
 // restore elements of an eliminated type array
 void Deoptimization::reassign_type_array_elements(frame* fr, RegisterMap* reg_map, ObjectValue* sv, typeArrayOop obj, BasicType type) {
   int index = 0;
@@ -1170,11 +1246,11 @@ class ReassignedField {
 public:
   int _offset;
   BasicType _type;
+  InstanceKlass* _klass;
+  bool _is_flat;
+  bool _is_null_free;
 public:
-  ReassignedField() {
-    _offset = 0;
-    _type = T_ILLEGAL;
-  }
+  ReassignedField() : _offset(0), _type(T_ILLEGAL), _klass(nullptr), _is_flat(false), _is_null_free(false) { }
 };
 
 // Gets the fields of `klass` that are eliminated by escape analysis and need to be reassigned
@@ -1188,20 +1264,44 @@ static GrowableArray<ReassignedField>* get_reassigned_fields(InstanceKlass* klas
       ReassignedField field;
       field._offset = fs.offset();
       field._type = Signature::basic_type(fs.signature());
+      if (fs.is_flat()) {
+        field._is_flat = true;
+        field._is_null_free = fs.is_null_free_inline_type();
+        // Resolve klass of flat inline type field
+        field._klass = InlineKlass::cast(klass->get_inline_type_field_klass(fs.index()));
+      }
       fields->append(field);
     }
   }
   return fields;
 }
 
-// Restore fields of an eliminated instance object employing the same field order used by the compiler.
-static int reassign_fields_by_klass(InstanceKlass* klass, frame* fr, RegisterMap* reg_map, ObjectValue* sv, int svIndex, oop obj) {
+// Restore fields of an eliminated instance object employing the same field order used by the
+// compiler when it scalarizes an object at safepoints.
+static int reassign_fields_by_klass(InstanceKlass* klass, frame* fr, RegisterMap* reg_map, ObjectValue* sv, int svIndex, oop obj, int base_offset, TRAPS) {
   GrowableArray<ReassignedField>* fields = get_reassigned_fields(klass, new GrowableArray<ReassignedField>());
   for (int i = 0; i < fields->length(); i++) {
+    BasicType type = fields->at(i)._type;
+    int offset = base_offset + fields->at(i)._offset;
+    // Check for flat inline type field before accessing the ScopeValue because it might not have any fields
+    if (fields->at(i)._is_flat) {
+      // Recursively re-assign flat inline type fields
+      InstanceKlass* vk = fields->at(i)._klass;
+      assert(vk != nullptr, "must be resolved");
+      offset -= InlineKlass::cast(vk)->payload_offset(); // Adjust offset to omit oop header
+      svIndex = reassign_fields_by_klass(vk, fr, reg_map, sv, svIndex, obj, offset, CHECK_0);
+      if (!fields->at(i)._is_null_free) {
+        ScopeValue* scope_field = sv->field_at(svIndex);
+        StackValue* value = StackValue::create_stack_value(fr, reg_map, scope_field);
+        int nm_offset = offset + InlineKlass::cast(vk)->null_marker_offset();
+        obj->bool_field_put(nm_offset, value->get_jint() & 1);
+        svIndex++;
+      }
+      continue; // Continue because we don't need to increment svIndex
+    }
+
     ScopeValue* scope_field = sv->field_at(svIndex);
     StackValue* value = StackValue::create_stack_value(fr, reg_map, scope_field);
-    int offset = fields->at(i)._offset;
-    BasicType type = fields->at(i)._type;
     switch (type) {
       case T_OBJECT: case T_ARRAY:
         assert(value->type() == T_OBJECT, "Agreement.");
@@ -1277,14 +1377,39 @@ static int reassign_fields_by_klass(InstanceKlass* klass, frame* fr, RegisterMap
   return svIndex;
 }
 
+// restore fields of an eliminated inline type array
+void Deoptimization::reassign_flat_array_elements(frame* fr, RegisterMap* reg_map, ObjectValue* sv, flatArrayOop obj, FlatArrayKlass* vak, TRAPS) {
+  InlineKlass* vk = vak->element_klass();
+  assert(vk->maybe_flat_in_array(), "should only be used for flat inline type arrays");
+  // Adjust offset to omit oop header
+  int base_offset = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_FLAT_ELEMENT) - vk->payload_offset();
+  // Initialize all elements of the flat inline type array
+  for (int i = 0; i < sv->field_size(); i++) {
+    ObjectValue* val = sv->field_at(i)->as_ObjectValue();
+    int offset = base_offset + (i << Klass::layout_helper_log2_element_size(vak->layout_helper()));
+    reassign_fields_by_klass(vk, fr, reg_map, val, 0, (oop)obj, offset, CHECK);
+    if (!obj->is_null_free_array()) {
+      jboolean null_marker_value;
+      if (val->has_properties()) {
+        null_marker_value = StackValue::create_stack_value(fr, reg_map, val->properties())->get_jint() & 1;
+      } else {
+        null_marker_value = 1;
+      }
+      obj->bool_field_put(offset + vk->null_marker_offset(), null_marker_value);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 // restore fields of all eliminated objects and arrays
-void Deoptimization::reassign_fields(frame* fr, RegisterMap* reg_map, GrowableArray<ScopeValue*>* objects, bool realloc_failures) {
+void Deoptimization::reassign_fields(frame* fr, RegisterMap* reg_map, GrowableArray<ScopeValue*>* objects, bool realloc_failures, TRAPS) {
   for (int i = 0; i < objects->length(); i++) {
     assert(objects->at(i)->is_object(), "invalid debug information");
     ObjectValue* sv = (ObjectValue*) objects->at(i);
     Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(sv->klass()->as_ConstantOopReadValue()->value()());
+    k = get_refined_array_klass(k, fr, reg_map, sv, THREAD);
+
     Handle obj = sv->value();
-    assert(obj.not_null() || realloc_failures, "reallocation was missed");
+    assert(obj.not_null() || realloc_failures || sv->has_properties(), "reallocation was missed");
 #ifndef PRODUCT
     if (PrintDeoptimizationDetails) {
       tty->print_cr("reassign fields for object of type %s!", k->name()->as_C_string());
@@ -1316,11 +1441,14 @@ void Deoptimization::reassign_fields(frame* fr, RegisterMap* reg_map, GrowableAr
     }
     if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
       InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
-      reassign_fields_by_klass(ik, fr, reg_map, sv, 0, obj());
+      reassign_fields_by_klass(ik, fr, reg_map, sv, 0, obj(), 0, CHECK);
+    } else if (k->is_flatArray_klass()) {
+      FlatArrayKlass* vak = FlatArrayKlass::cast(k);
+      reassign_flat_array_elements(fr, reg_map, sv, (flatArrayOop) obj(), vak, CHECK);
     } else if (k->is_typeArray_klass()) {
       TypeArrayKlass* ak = TypeArrayKlass::cast(k);
       reassign_type_array_elements(fr, reg_map, sv, (typeArrayOop) obj(), ak->element_type());
-    } else if (k->is_objArray_klass()) {
+    } else if (k->is_refArray_klass()) {
       reassign_object_array_elements(fr, reg_map, sv, (objArrayOop) obj());
     }
   }
@@ -1498,7 +1626,7 @@ void Deoptimization::deoptimize_single_frame(JavaThread* thread, frame fr, Deopt
 }
 
 void Deoptimization::deoptimize(JavaThread* thread, frame fr, DeoptReason reason) {
-  // Deoptimize only if the frame comes from compile code.
+  // Deoptimize only if the frame comes from compiled code.
   // Do not deoptimize the frame which is already patched
   // during the execution of the loops below.
   if (!fr.is_compiled_frame() || fr.is_deoptimized_frame()) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.hpp
index 3da07f3f5af..863d7359208 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.hpp
@@ -175,9 +175,11 @@ class Deoptimization : AllStatic {
 
   // Support for restoring non-escaping objects
   static bool realloc_objects(JavaThread* thread, frame* fr, RegisterMap* reg_map, GrowableArray<ScopeValue*>* objects, TRAPS);
+  static bool realloc_inline_type_result(InlineKlass* vk, const RegisterMap& map, GrowableArray<Handle>& return_oops, TRAPS);
   static void reassign_type_array_elements(frame* fr, RegisterMap* reg_map, ObjectValue* sv, typeArrayOop obj, BasicType type);
   static void reassign_object_array_elements(frame* fr, RegisterMap* reg_map, ObjectValue* sv, objArrayOop obj);
-  static void reassign_fields(frame* fr, RegisterMap* reg_map, GrowableArray<ScopeValue*>* objects, bool realloc_failures);
+  static void reassign_flat_array_elements(frame* fr, RegisterMap* reg_map, ObjectValue* sv, flatArrayOop obj, FlatArrayKlass* vak, TRAPS);
+  static void reassign_fields(frame* fr, RegisterMap* reg_map, GrowableArray<ScopeValue*>* objects, bool realloc_failures, TRAPS);
   static bool relock_objects(JavaThread* thread, GrowableArray<MonitorInfo*>* monitors,
                              JavaThread* deoptee_thread, frame& fr, int exec_mode, bool realloc_failures);
   static void pop_frames_failed_reallocs(JavaThread* thread, vframeArray* array);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/fieldDescriptor.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/fieldDescriptor.cpp
index 4ad916cfff7..17bf5e74e00 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/fieldDescriptor.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/fieldDescriptor.cpp
@@ -27,9 +27,11 @@
 #include "oops/annotations.hpp"
 #include "oops/constantPool.hpp"
 #include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/signature.hpp"
@@ -43,7 +45,8 @@ Symbol* fieldDescriptor::generic_signature() const {
 
 bool fieldDescriptor::is_trusted_final() const {
   InstanceKlass* ik = field_holder();
-  return is_final() && (is_static() || ik->is_hidden() || ik->is_record());
+  return is_final() && (is_static() || ik->is_hidden() || ik->is_record() || ik->is_inline_klass()
+                        || (ik->is_abstract() && !ik->is_identity_class() && !ik->is_interface()));
 }
 
 bool fieldDescriptor::is_mutable_static_final() const {
@@ -96,7 +99,7 @@ oop fieldDescriptor::string_initial_value(TRAPS) const {
   return constants()->uncached_string_at(initial_value_index(), THREAD);
 }
 
-void fieldDescriptor::reinitialize(InstanceKlass* ik, const FieldInfo& fieldinfo) {
+void fieldDescriptor::reinitialize(const InstanceKlass* ik, const FieldInfo& fieldinfo) {
   if (_cp.is_null() || field_holder() != ik) {
     _cp = constantPoolHandle(Thread::current(), ik->constants());
     // _cp should now reference ik's constant pool; i.e., ik is now field_holder.
@@ -119,15 +122,21 @@ void fieldDescriptor::print_access_flags(outputStream* st) const {
   if (flags.is_transient()) st->print("transient ");
   if (flags.is_enum     ()) st->print("enum ");
   if (flags.is_synthetic()) st->print("synthetic ");
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    if (flags.is_identity_class()) st->print("identity ");
+    if (!flags.is_identity_class()) st->print("value "  );
+  }
 }
 
-void fieldDescriptor::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
+void fieldDescriptor::print_on(outputStream* st, int base_offset) const {
   print_access_flags(st);
   if (field_flags().is_injected()) st->print("injected ");
+  bool flat = field_flags().is_flat();
+  if (flat) st->print("flat ");
   name()->print_value_on(st);
-  st->print(" ");
+  st->print(" (fields 0x%08x) ", field_flags().as_uint());
   signature()->print_value_on(st);
-  st->print(" @%d ", offset());
+  st->print(" @%d ", offset() + base_offset);
   if (WizardMode && has_initial_value()) {
     st->print("(initval ");
     constantTag t = initial_value_tag();
@@ -140,16 +149,18 @@ void fieldDescriptor::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
     } else if (t.is_double()){
       st->print("double %lf)", double_initial_value());
     }
+    st->print(" ");
   }
+  if (flat) LayoutKindHelper::print_on(layout_kind(), st);
 }
 
 void fieldDescriptor::print() const { print_on(tty); }
 
-void fieldDescriptor::print_on_for(outputStream* st, oop obj) {
-  print_on(st);
-  st->print(" ");
-
+void fieldDescriptor::print_on_for(outputStream* st, oop obj, int indent, int base_offset) {
   BasicType ft = field_type();
+  print_on(st, base_offset);
+  st->print(" ");
+  jint as_int = 0;
   switch (ft) {
     case T_BYTE:
       st->print("%d", obj->byte_field(offset()));
@@ -179,13 +190,43 @@ void fieldDescriptor::print_on_for(outputStream* st, oop obj) {
       st->print("%s", obj->bool_field(offset()) ? "true" : "false");
       break;
     case T_ARRAY:
-      if (obj->obj_field(offset()) != nullptr) {
-        obj->obj_field(offset())->print_value_on(st);
-      } else {
-        st->print("null");
-      }
-      break;
     case T_OBJECT:
+      if (is_flat()) { // only some inline types can be flat
+        bool is_null = false;
+        InlineKlass* vk = InlineKlass::cast(field_holder()->get_inline_type_field_klass(index()));
+        int field_offset = offset() - vk->payload_offset();
+        int nm_offset;
+
+        if (!is_null_free_inline_type()) {
+          assert(has_null_marker(), "should have null marker");
+          InlineLayoutInfo* li = field_holder()->inline_layout_info_adr(index());
+          nm_offset = li->null_marker_offset();
+          st->print("Flat inline type field '%s':", vk->name()->as_C_string());
+          if (obj->byte_field_acquire(nm_offset) == 0) {
+            st->print(" null");
+            is_null = true;
+          }
+          st->cr();
+        } else {
+          st->print_cr("Flat inline null-free type field '%s':", vk->name()->as_C_string());
+        }
+
+        // Print fields of flat field (recursively) is not null
+        if (!is_null) {
+          obj = cast_to_oop(cast_from_oop<address>(obj) + field_offset);
+          FieldPrinter print_field(st, obj, indent + 1, base_offset + field_offset);
+          vk->do_nonstatic_fields(&print_field);
+        }
+
+        if (this->field_flags().has_null_marker()) {
+          for (int i = 0; i < indent + 1; i++) st->print("  ");
+          st->print_cr(" - [null_marker] @%d %s",
+                    base_offset + nm_offset,
+                    is_null ? "Field marked as null" : "Field marked as non-null");
+        }
+        return; // Do not print underlying representation
+      }
+      // Not flat inline type field, fall through
       if (obj->obj_field(offset()) != nullptr) {
         obj->obj_field(offset())->print_value_on(st);
       } else {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/fieldDescriptor.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/fieldDescriptor.hpp
index 1b423377cc2..b3ea827deba 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/fieldDescriptor.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/fieldDescriptor.hpp
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class fieldDescriptor {
 
  public:
   fieldDescriptor() {}
-  fieldDescriptor(InstanceKlass* ik, int index) {
+  fieldDescriptor(const InstanceKlass* ik, int index) {
     reinitialize(ik, ik->field(index));
   }
   inline Symbol* name() const;
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ class fieldDescriptor {
   AccessFlags access_flags()      const    { return _fieldinfo.access_flags(); }
   FieldInfo::FieldFlags field_flags() const { return _fieldinfo.field_flags(); }
   FieldStatus field_status()      const    { return field_holder()->fields_status()->at(_fieldinfo.index()); }
+  LayoutKind layout_kind()        const    { return _fieldinfo.layout_kind(); }
   oop loader()                    const;
   // Offset (in bytes) of field from start of instanceOop / Klass*
   inline int offset()             const;
@@ -74,6 +75,9 @@ class fieldDescriptor {
   jdouble double_initial_value()  const;
   oop string_initial_value(TRAPS) const;
 
+  // Unset strict static
+  inline bool is_strict_static_unset()   const;
+
   // Field signature type
   inline BasicType field_type() const;
 
@@ -87,6 +91,10 @@ class fieldDescriptor {
   bool is_injected()              const    { return field_flags().is_injected(); }
   bool is_volatile()              const    { return access_flags().is_volatile(); }
   bool is_transient()             const    { return access_flags().is_transient(); }
+  bool is_strict()                const    { return access_flags().is_strict(); }
+  inline bool is_flat()           const;
+  inline bool is_null_free_inline_type() const;
+  inline bool has_null_marker()   const;
 
   bool is_synthetic()             const    { return access_flags().is_synthetic(); }
 
@@ -105,12 +113,12 @@ class fieldDescriptor {
   inline void set_has_initialized_final_update(const bool value);
 
   // Initialization
-  void reinitialize(InstanceKlass* ik, const FieldInfo& fieldinfo);
+  void reinitialize(const InstanceKlass* ik, const FieldInfo& fieldinfo);
 
   // Print
   void print() const;
-  void print_on(outputStream* st) const;
-  void print_on_for(outputStream* st, oop obj);
+  void print_on(outputStream* st, int base_offset = 0) const;
+  void print_on_for(outputStream* st, oop obj, int indent = 0, int base_offset = 0);
   void print_access_flags(outputStream* st) const;
 };
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp
index 6d6290f0fa1..bb146cd6395 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp
@@ -50,6 +50,11 @@ inline int fieldDescriptor::offset()                    const    { return field(
 inline bool fieldDescriptor::has_initial_value()        const    { return field().field_flags().is_initialized(); }
 inline int fieldDescriptor::initial_value_index()       const    { return field().initializer_index(); }
 
+inline bool fieldDescriptor::is_strict_static_unset() const {
+  return (is_strict() && is_static() &&
+          field_holder()->field_status(index()).is_strict_static_unset());
+}
+
 inline void fieldDescriptor::set_is_field_access_watched(const bool value) {
   field_holder()->fields_status()->adr_at(index())->update_access_watched(value);
 }
@@ -66,4 +71,8 @@ inline BasicType fieldDescriptor::field_type() const {
   return Signature::basic_type(signature());
 }
 
+inline bool fieldDescriptor::is_flat()  const  { return field().field_flags().is_flat(); }
+inline bool fieldDescriptor::is_null_free_inline_type() const { return field().field_flags().is_null_free_inline_type(); }
+inline bool fieldDescriptor::has_null_marker() const { return field().field_flags().has_null_marker(); }
+
 #endif // SHARE_RUNTIME_FIELDDESCRIPTOR_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.cpp
index 2b0dd59deba..e185c33c1af 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.cpp
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #include "logging/log.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/markWord.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/methodData.hpp"
@@ -59,6 +60,9 @@
 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
 #include "utilities/decoder.hpp"
 #include "utilities/formatBuffer.hpp"
+#ifdef COMPILER1
+#include "c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp"
+#endif
 
 RegisterMap::RegisterMap(JavaThread *thread, UpdateMap update_map, ProcessFrames process_frames, WalkContinuation walk_cont) {
   _thread         = thread;
@@ -361,6 +365,25 @@ void frame::deoptimize(JavaThread* thread) {
 
   // Save the original pc before we patch in the new one
   nm->set_original_pc(this, pc());
+
+#ifdef COMPILER1
+  if (nm->is_compiled_by_c1() && nm->method()->has_scalarized_args() &&
+      pc() < nm->verified_inline_entry_point()) {
+    // The VEP and VIEP(RO) of C1-compiled methods call into the runtime to buffer scalarized value
+    // type args. We can't deoptimize at that point because the buffers have not yet been initialized.
+    // Also, if the method is synchronized, we first need to acquire the lock.
+    // Don't patch the return pc to delay deoptimization until we enter the method body (the check
+    // added in LIRGenerator::do_Base will detect the pending deoptimization by checking the original_pc).
+#if defined ASSERT && !defined AARCH64   // Stub call site does not look like NativeCall on AArch64
+    NativeCall* call = nativeCall_before(this->pc());
+    address dest = call->destination();
+    assert(dest == Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_no_receiver_id) ||
+           dest == Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_id), "unexpected safepoint in entry point");
+#endif
+    return;
+  }
+#endif
+
   patch_pc(thread, deopt);
   assert(is_deoptimized_frame(), "must be");
 
@@ -1015,6 +1038,7 @@ class CompiledArgumentOopFinder: public SignatureIterator {
   virtual void handle_oop_offset() {
     // Extract low order register number from register array.
     // In LP64-land, the high-order bits are valid but unhelpful.
+    assert(_offset < _arg_size, "out of bounds");
     VMReg reg = _regs[_offset].first();
     oop *loc = _fr.oopmapreg_to_oop_location(reg, _reg_map);
   #ifdef ASSERT
@@ -1041,11 +1065,7 @@ class CompiledArgumentOopFinder: public SignatureIterator {
     _has_appendix = has_appendix;
     _fr        = fr;
     _reg_map   = (RegisterMap*)reg_map;
-    _arg_size  = ArgumentSizeComputer(signature).size() + (has_receiver ? 1 : 0) + (has_appendix ? 1 : 0);
-
-    int arg_size;
-    _regs = SharedRuntime::find_callee_arguments(signature, has_receiver, has_appendix, &arg_size);
-    assert(arg_size == _arg_size, "wrong arg size");
+    _regs = SharedRuntime::find_callee_arguments(signature, has_receiver, has_appendix, &_arg_size);
   }
 
   void oops_do() {
@@ -1402,8 +1422,8 @@ void frame::describe(FrameValues& values, int frame_no, const RegisterMap* reg_m
     // For now just label the frame
     nmethod* nm = cb()->as_nmethod();
     values.describe(-1, info_address,
-                    FormatBuffer<1024>("#%d nmethod " INTPTR_FORMAT " for method J %s%s", frame_no,
-                                       p2i(nm),
+                    FormatBuffer<1024>("#%d nmethod (%s %d) " INTPTR_FORMAT " for method J %s%s", frame_no,
+                                       nm->is_compiled_by_c1() ? "c1" : "c2", nm->frame_size(), p2i(nm),
                                        nm->method()->name_and_sig_as_C_string(),
                                        (_deopt_state == is_deoptimized) ?
                                        " (deoptimized)" :
@@ -1413,36 +1433,18 @@ void frame::describe(FrameValues& values, int frame_no, const RegisterMap* reg_m
     { // mark arguments (see nmethod::print_nmethod_labels)
       Method* m = nm->method();
 
+      CompiledEntrySignature ces(m);
+      ces.compute_calling_conventions(false);
+      const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_cc = nm->is_compiled_by_c2() ? ces.sig_cc() : ces.sig();
+      const VMRegPair* regs = nm->is_compiled_by_c2() ? ces.regs_cc() : ces.regs();
+
       int stack_slot_offset = nm->frame_size() * wordSize; // offset, in bytes, to caller sp
-      int sizeargs = m->size_of_parameters();
-
-      BasicType* sig_bt = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(BasicType, sizeargs);
-      VMRegPair* regs   = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(VMRegPair, sizeargs);
-      {
-        int sig_index = 0;
-        if (!m->is_static()) {
-          sig_bt[sig_index++] = T_OBJECT; // 'this'
-        }
-        for (SignatureStream ss(m->signature()); !ss.at_return_type(); ss.next()) {
-          BasicType t = ss.type();
-          assert(type2size[t] == 1 || type2size[t] == 2, "size is 1 or 2");
-          sig_bt[sig_index++] = t;
-          if (type2size[t] == 2) {
-            sig_bt[sig_index++] = T_VOID;
-          }
-        }
-        assert(sig_index == sizeargs, "");
-      }
-      int stack_arg_slots = SharedRuntime::java_calling_convention(sig_bt, regs, sizeargs);
-      assert(stack_arg_slots ==  nm->as_nmethod()->num_stack_arg_slots(false /* rounded */) || nm->is_osr_method(), "");
       int out_preserve = SharedRuntime::out_preserve_stack_slots();
       int sig_index = 0;
       int arg_index = (m->is_static() ? 0 : -1);
-      for (SignatureStream ss(m->signature()); !ss.at_return_type(); ) {
+      for (ExtendedSignature sig = ExtendedSignature(sig_cc, SigEntryFilter()); !sig.at_end(); ++sig) {
         bool at_this = (arg_index == -1);
-        bool at_old_sp = false;
-        BasicType t = (at_this ? T_OBJECT : ss.type());
-        assert(t == sig_bt[sig_index], "sigs in sync");
+        BasicType t = (*sig)._bt;
         VMReg fst = regs[sig_index].first();
         if (fst->is_stack()) {
           assert(((int)fst->reg2stack()) >= 0, "reg2stack: %d", fst->reg2stack());
@@ -1456,9 +1458,6 @@ void frame::describe(FrameValues& values, int frame_no, const RegisterMap* reg_m
         }
         sig_index += type2size[t];
         arg_index += 1;
-        if (!at_this) {
-          ss.next();
-        }
       }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
index 05ec955f989..68e7b407bf2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
@@ -803,9 +803,46 @@ const int ObjectAlignmentInBytes = 8;
           "Number of OutOfMemoryErrors preallocated with backtrace")        \
           range(0, 1024)                                                    \
                                                                             \
-  develop(bool, PrintFieldLayout, false,                                    \
+  product(bool, PrintFieldLayout, false, DIAGNOSTIC,                        \
           "Print field layout for each class")                              \
                                                                             \
+  product(bool, PrintInlineLayout, false, DIAGNOSTIC,                       \
+          "Print field layout for each value class or class containing "    \
+          "inlined value fields")                                           \
+                                                                            \
+  product(bool, PrintFlatArrayLayout, false, DIAGNOSTIC,                    \
+          "Print array layout for each flattened value array")              \
+                                                                            \
+  product(bool, UseArrayFlattening, true, DIAGNOSTIC,                       \
+          "Allow the JVM to flatten arrays of concrete value objects "      \
+          "when it determines it is possible and beneficial to do so")      \
+                                                                            \
+  product(bool, UseFieldFlattening, true, DIAGNOSTIC,                       \
+          "Allow the JVM to inline the fields of concrete value objects "   \
+          "when it determines it is possible and beneficial to do so")      \
+                                                                            \
+  product(bool, UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening, true, DIAGNOSTIC,         \
+          "Allow the JVM to flatten some nullable atomic values")           \
+                                                                            \
+  product(bool, UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening, true, EXPERIMENTAL,    \
+          "Allow the JVM to flatten some null-free non-atomic values")      \
+                                                                            \
+  product(bool, UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening, true, EXPERIMENTAL,       \
+          "Allow the JVM to flatten some null-free atomic values")          \
+                                                                            \
+  product(bool, UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening, true, DIAGNOSTIC,      \
+          "Allow the JVM to flatten some strict final non-static fields")   \
+                                                                            \
+  product(intx, FlatArrayElementMaxOops, 4, DIAGNOSTIC,                     \
+          "Max number of embedded object references in a value container "  \
+          "before no flattening attempts are made, <0 indicates no limit")  \
+                                                                            \
+  product(uint, FlatteningBudget, 1024, EXPERIMENTAL,                       \
+          "Maximum size (in bytes) dedicated to flat fields in an instance")\
+          range(0, 1024 * 1024)                                             \
+  develop(ccstrlist, PrintInlineKlassFields, "",                            \
+          "Print fields collected by InlineKlass::collect_fields")          \
+                                                                            \
   /* Need to limit the extent of the padding to reasonable size.          */\
   /* 8K is well beyond the reasonable HW cache line size, even with       */\
   /* aggressive prefetching, while still leaving the room for segregating */\
@@ -1759,6 +1796,9 @@ const int ObjectAlignmentInBytes = 8;
   product(bool, VerifyMethodHandles, trueInDebug, DIAGNOSTIC,               \
           "perform extra checks when constructing method handles")          \
                                                                             \
+  product(bool, IgnoreAssertUnsetFields, false, DIAGNOSTIC,                           \
+          "Ignore assert_unset_fields")                                     \
+                                                                            \
   product(bool, ShowHiddenFrames, false, DIAGNOSTIC,                        \
           "show method handle implementation frames (usually hidden)")      \
                                                                             \
@@ -1930,6 +1970,23 @@ const int ObjectAlignmentInBytes = 8;
   product(bool, UseFastUnorderedTimeStamps, false, EXPERIMENTAL,            \
           "Use platform unstable time where supported for timestamps only") \
                                                                             \
+  product_pd(bool, InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, DIAGNOSTIC,                  \
+          "Pass each inline type field as an argument at calls")            \
+                                                                            \
+  product_pd(bool, InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, DIAGNOSTIC,                  \
+          "Return fields instead of an inline type reference")              \
+                                                                            \
+  develop(bool, StressCallingConvention, false,                             \
+          "Stress the scalarized calling convention.")                      \
+                                                                            \
+  develop(bool, PreloadClasses, true,                                       \
+          "Preloading all classes from the LoadableDescriptors attribute")  \
+                                                                            \
+  product(ccstrlist, ForceNonTearable, "", DIAGNOSTIC,                      \
+          "List of inline classes which are forced to be atomic "           \
+          "(whitespace and commas separate names, "                         \
+          "and leading and trailing stars '*' are wildcards)")              \
+                                                                            \
   product(bool, DeoptimizeNMethodBarriersALot, false, DIAGNOSTIC,           \
                 "Make nmethod barriers deoptimise a lot.")                  \
                                                                             \
@@ -1988,6 +2045,8 @@ const int ObjectAlignmentInBytes = 8;
           "Minimal number of elements in a sorted collection to prefer"     \
           "binary search over simple linear search." )                      \
                                                                             \
+  product(bool, UseAcmpFastPath, true, DIAGNOSTIC,                          \
+          "Use fast path for acmp.")                                        \
 
 // end of RUNTIME_FLAGS
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/handles.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/handles.cpp
index cfd693aa3cc..613b635ebc1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/handles.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/handles.cpp
@@ -24,8 +24,10 @@
 
 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/constantPool.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/atomicAccess.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/handles.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/handles.hpp
index 68c948a493b..4f36785b8f2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/handles.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/handles.hpp
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "oops/oop.hpp"
 #include "oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp"
 
+class InlineKlass;
 class InstanceKlass;
 class Klass;
 class Thread;
@@ -128,6 +129,8 @@ DEF_HANDLE(stackChunk       , is_stackChunk_noinline       )
 DEF_HANDLE(array            , is_array_noinline            )
 DEF_HANDLE(objArray         , is_objArray_noinline         )
 DEF_HANDLE(typeArray        , is_typeArray_noinline        )
+DEF_HANDLE(flatArray        , is_flatArray_noinline        )
+DEF_HANDLE(refArray         , is_refArray_noinline         )
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/handles.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/handles.inline.hpp
index 4e1e2ed8686..caad48bfeac 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/handles.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/handles.inline.hpp
@@ -61,6 +61,8 @@ DEF_HANDLE_CONSTR(instance , is_instance_noinline )
 DEF_HANDLE_CONSTR(array    , is_array_noinline    )
 DEF_HANDLE_CONSTR(objArray , is_objArray_noinline )
 DEF_HANDLE_CONSTR(typeArray, is_typeArray_noinline)
+DEF_HANDLE_CONSTR(flatArray, is_flatArray_noinline)
+DEF_HANDLE_CONSTR(refArray , is_refArray_noinline )
 
 // Constructor for metadata handles
 #define DEF_METADATA_HANDLE_FN(name, type) \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/init.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/init.cpp
index 51de40315a9..8130bfbc1eb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/init.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/init.cpp
@@ -131,6 +131,7 @@ jint init_globals() {
   compilationPolicy_init();
   codeCache_init();
   VM_Version_init();              // depends on codeCache_init for emitting code
+  VMRegImpl::set_regName();       // need this before generate_stubs (for printing oop maps).
   icache_init2();                 // depends on VM_Version for choosing the mechanism
   // ensure we know about all blobs, stubs and entries
   initialize_stub_info();
@@ -169,7 +170,6 @@ jint init_globals() {
   interpreter_init_stub();   // before methods get loaded
   accessFlags_init();
   InterfaceSupport_init();
-  VMRegImpl::set_regName();  // need this before generate_stubs (for printing oop maps).
   SharedRuntime::generate_stubs();
   SharedRuntime::init_adapter_library(); // do this after AOTCodeCache::init_shared_blobs_table
   return JNI_OK;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaCalls.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaCalls.cpp
index 291be708d25..c836c99b7a2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaCalls.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaCalls.cpp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
 #include "interpreter/linkResolver.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 #include "prims/jniCheck.hpp"
@@ -134,22 +135,23 @@ void JavaCallWrapper::oops_do(OopClosure* f) {
 // Helper methods
 static BasicType runtime_type_from(JavaValue* result) {
   switch (result->get_type()) {
-    case T_BOOLEAN: // fall through
-    case T_CHAR   : // fall through
-    case T_SHORT  : // fall through
-    case T_INT    : // fall through
+    case T_BOOLEAN  : // fall through
+    case T_CHAR     : // fall through
+    case T_SHORT    : // fall through
+    case T_INT      : // fall through
 #ifndef _LP64
-    case T_OBJECT : // fall through
-    case T_ARRAY  : // fall through
+    case T_OBJECT   : // fall through
+    case T_ARRAY    : // fall through
+    case T_FLAT_ELEMENT: // fall through
 #endif
-    case T_BYTE   : // fall through
-    case T_VOID   : return T_INT;
-    case T_LONG   : return T_LONG;
-    case T_FLOAT  : return T_FLOAT;
-    case T_DOUBLE : return T_DOUBLE;
+    case T_BYTE     : // fall through
+    case T_VOID     : return T_INT;
+    case T_LONG     : return T_LONG;
+    case T_FLOAT    : return T_FLOAT;
+    case T_DOUBLE   : return T_DOUBLE;
 #ifdef _LP64
-    case T_ARRAY  : // fall through
-    case T_OBJECT:  return T_OBJECT;
+    case T_ARRAY    : // fall through
+    case T_OBJECT   : return T_OBJECT;
 #endif
     default:
       ShouldNotReachHere();
@@ -370,6 +372,18 @@ void JavaCalls::call_helper(JavaValue* result, const methodHandle& method, JavaC
     os::map_stack_shadow_pages(sp);
   }
 
+  jobject value_buffer = nullptr;
+  if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields && (result->get_type() == T_OBJECT)) {
+    // Pre allocate a buffered inline type in case the result is returned
+    // flattened by compiled code
+    InlineKlass* vk = method->returns_inline_type();
+    if (vk != nullptr && vk->can_be_returned_as_fields()) {
+      oop instance = vk->allocate_instance(CHECK);
+      value_buffer = JNIHandles::make_local(thread, instance);
+      result->set_jobject(value_buffer);
+    }
+  }
+
   // do call
   { JavaCallWrapper link(method, receiver, result, CHECK);
     { HandleMark hm(thread);  // HandleMark used by HandleMarkCleaner
@@ -384,7 +398,8 @@ void JavaCalls::call_helper(JavaValue* result, const methodHandle& method, JavaC
         // The enter_interp_only_mode use handshake to set interp_only mode
         // so no safepoint should be allowed between is_interp_only_mode() and call
         NoSafepointVerifier nsv;
-        if (JvmtiExport::can_post_interpreter_events() && thread->is_interp_only_mode()) {
+        bool is_interp_only_mode = (StressCallingConvention && (os::random() % (1 << 10)) == 0) || thread->is_interp_only_mode();
+        if (JvmtiExport::can_post_interpreter_events() && is_interp_only_mode) {
           entry_point = method->interpreter_entry();
         } else {
           // Since the call stub sets up like the interpreter we call the from_interpreted_entry
@@ -423,6 +438,7 @@ void JavaCalls::call_helper(JavaValue* result, const methodHandle& method, JavaC
   if (oop_result_flag) {
     result->set_oop(thread->vm_result_oop());
     thread->set_vm_result_oop(nullptr);
+    JNIHandles::destroy_local(value_buffer);
   }
 }
 
@@ -571,7 +587,7 @@ void JavaCallArguments::verify(const methodHandle& method, BasicType return_type
   guarantee(method->size_of_parameters() == size_of_parameters(), "wrong no. of arguments pushed");
 
   // Treat T_OBJECT and T_ARRAY as the same
-  if (is_reference_type(return_type)) return_type = T_OBJECT;
+  if (return_type == T_ARRAY) return_type = T_OBJECT;
 
   // Check that oop information is correct
   Symbol* signature = method->signature();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/jfieldIDWorkaround.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/jfieldIDWorkaround.hpp
index fcca5bc244c..44f109b3c35 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/jfieldIDWorkaround.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/jfieldIDWorkaround.hpp
@@ -48,11 +48,15 @@ class jfieldIDWorkaround: AllStatic {
   // not checked, then the checked bit is zero and the rest of
   // the word (30 bits) contains only the offset.
   //
+
+  friend class JNI_FastGetField;
+
  private:
   enum {
     checked_bits           = 1,
     instance_bits          = 1,
-    address_bits           = BitsPerWord - checked_bits - instance_bits,
+    flat_bits              = 1,
+    address_bits           = BitsPerWord - checked_bits - instance_bits - flat_bits,
 
     large_offset_bits      = address_bits,  // unioned with address
     small_offset_bits      = 7,
@@ -60,13 +64,15 @@ class jfieldIDWorkaround: AllStatic {
 
     checked_shift          = 0,
     instance_shift         = checked_shift  + checked_bits,
-    address_shift          = instance_shift + instance_bits,
+    flat_shift             = instance_shift + instance_bits,
+    address_shift          = flat_shift + flat_bits,
 
     offset_shift           = address_shift,  // unioned with address
     klass_shift            = offset_shift + small_offset_bits,
 
     checked_mask_in_place  = right_n_bits(checked_bits)  << checked_shift,
     instance_mask_in_place = right_n_bits(instance_bits) << instance_shift,
+    flat_mask_in_place     = right_n_bits(flat_bits) << flat_shift,
 #ifndef _WIN64
     large_offset_mask      = right_n_bits(large_offset_bits),
     small_offset_mask      = right_n_bits(small_offset_bits),
@@ -111,8 +117,17 @@ class jfieldIDWorkaround: AllStatic {
     return ((as_uint & instance_mask_in_place) == 0);
   }
 
-  static jfieldID to_instance_jfieldID(Klass* k, int offset) {
-    intptr_t as_uint = ((offset & large_offset_mask) << offset_shift) | instance_mask_in_place;
+  static bool is_flat_jfieldID(jfieldID id) {
+    uintptr_t as_uint = (uintptr_t) id;
+    return ((as_uint & flat_mask_in_place) != 0);
+  }
+
+  static jfieldID to_instance_jfieldID(Klass* k, int offset, bool is_flat) {
+    intptr_t as_uint = ((offset & large_offset_mask) << offset_shift) |
+                        instance_mask_in_place;
+    if (is_flat) {
+      as_uint |= flat_mask_in_place;
+    }
     if (VerifyJNIFields) {
       as_uint |= encode_klass_hash(k, offset);
     }
@@ -154,13 +169,13 @@ class jfieldIDWorkaround: AllStatic {
     return result;
   }
 
-  static jfieldID to_jfieldID(InstanceKlass* k, int offset, bool is_static) {
+  static jfieldID to_jfieldID(InstanceKlass* k, int offset, bool is_static, bool is_flat) {
     if (is_static) {
       JNIid *id = k->jni_id_for(offset);
       DEBUG_ONLY(id->set_is_static_field_id());
       return jfieldIDWorkaround::to_static_jfieldID(id);
     } else {
-      return jfieldIDWorkaround::to_instance_jfieldID(k, offset);
+      return jfieldIDWorkaround::to_instance_jfieldID(k, offset, is_flat);
     }
   }
 };
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/jniHandles.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/jniHandles.cpp
index 807661a66d2..9568cbf7e79 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/jniHandles.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/jniHandles.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/oopStorage.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/oopStorageSet.hpp"
@@ -30,7 +31,9 @@
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "oops/access.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaThread.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/jniHandles.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/mutexLocker.hpp"
@@ -282,6 +285,39 @@ bool JNIHandles::current_thread_in_native() {
           JavaThread::cast(thread)->thread_state() == _thread_in_native);
 }
 
+bool JNIHandles::is_same_object(jobject handle1, jobject handle2) {
+  oop obj1 = resolve_no_keepalive(handle1);
+  oop obj2 = resolve_no_keepalive(handle2);
+
+  bool ret = obj1 == obj2;
+
+  if (!ret && Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    if (obj1 != nullptr && obj2 != nullptr &&
+        obj1->klass() == obj2->klass() && obj1->klass()->is_inline_klass()) {
+      // The two references are different, they are not null and they are both inline types,
+      // a full substitutability test is required, calling ValueObjectMethods.isSubstitutable()
+      // (similarly to InterpreterRuntime::is_substitutable).
+      // The jobjects must be re-resolved as the no-keepalive variants are not safe to use
+      // with the Java upcall.
+      JavaThread* THREAD = JavaThread::current();
+      Handle ha(THREAD, resolve_non_null(handle1));
+      Handle hb(THREAD, resolve_non_null(handle2));
+      JavaValue result(T_BOOLEAN);
+      JavaCallArguments args;
+      args.push_oop(ha);
+      args.push_oop(hb);
+      methodHandle method(THREAD, Universe::is_substitutable_method());
+      JavaCalls::call(&result, method, &args, THREAD);
+      Exceptions::wrap_exception_in_internal_error("Internal error in substitutability test", CHECK_false);
+
+      ret = result.get_jboolean();
+    }
+  }
+
+  return ret;
+}
+
+
 int JNIHandleBlock::_blocks_allocated = 0;
 
 static inline bool is_tagged_free_list(uintptr_t value) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/jniHandles.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/jniHandles.inline.hpp
index 3a80d7f66f2..77c966d84d6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/jniHandles.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/jniHandles.inline.hpp
@@ -104,12 +104,6 @@ inline oop JNIHandles::resolve_no_keepalive(jobject handle) {
   return result;
 }
 
-inline bool JNIHandles::is_same_object(jobject handle1, jobject handle2) {
-  oop obj1 = resolve_no_keepalive(handle1);
-  oop obj2 = resolve_no_keepalive(handle2);
-  return obj1 == obj2;
-}
-
 inline oop JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(jobject handle) {
   assert(handle != nullptr, "JNI handle should not be null");
   oop result = resolve_impl<DECORATORS_NONE, false /* external_guard */>(handle);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/reflection.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/reflection.cpp
index 1797471d84b..8959df47b8e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/reflection.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/reflection.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@
 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
+#include "oops/arrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
@@ -51,6 +53,7 @@
 #include "runtime/signature.hpp"
 #include "runtime/vframe.inline.hpp"
 #include "utilities/formatBuffer.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 
 static void trace_class_resolution(oop mirror) {
   if (mirror == nullptr || java_lang_Class::is_primitive(mirror)) {
@@ -228,7 +231,8 @@ BasicType Reflection::array_get(jvalue* value, arrayOop a, int index, TRAPS) {
     THROW_(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(), T_ILLEGAL);
   }
   if (a->is_objArray()) {
-    value->l = cast_from_oop<jobject>(objArrayOop(a)->obj_at(index));
+    oop o = objArrayOop(a)->obj_at(index, CHECK_(T_ILLEGAL)); // reading from a flat array can throw an OOM
+    value->l = cast_from_oop<jobject>(o);
     return T_OBJECT;
   } else {
     assert(a->is_typeArray(), "just checking");
@@ -273,6 +277,10 @@ void Reflection::array_set(jvalue* value, arrayOop a, int index, BasicType value
   if (value_type == T_OBJECT) {
     assert(a->is_objArray(), "just checking");
     oop obj = cast_to_oop(value->l);
+    if (a->is_null_free_array() && obj == nullptr) {
+      THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), "null-restricted array");
+    }
+
     if (obj != nullptr) {
       Klass* element_klass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(a->klass())->element_klass();
       if (!obj->is_a(element_klass)) {
@@ -756,17 +764,14 @@ static objArrayHandle get_exception_types(const methodHandle& method, TRAPS) {
 static Handle new_type(Symbol* signature, Klass* k, TRAPS) {
   ResolvingSignatureStream ss(signature, k, false);
   oop nt = ss.as_java_mirror(SignatureStream::NCDFError, CHECK_NH);
-  if (log_is_enabled(Debug, class, resolve)) {
-    trace_class_resolution(nt);
-  }
   return Handle(THREAD, nt);
 }
 
 oop Reflection::new_method(const methodHandle& method, bool for_constant_pool_access, TRAPS) {
   // Allow jdk.internal.reflect.ConstantPool to refer to <clinit> methods as java.lang.reflect.Methods.
-  assert(!method()->is_object_initializer() &&
-         (for_constant_pool_access || !method()->is_static_initializer()),
-         "Should not be the initializer");
+  assert(!method()->is_object_constructor() ||
+         (for_constant_pool_access || !method()->is_class_initializer()),
+         "should call new_constructor instead");
   InstanceKlass* holder = method->method_holder();
   int slot = method->method_idnum();
 
@@ -814,7 +819,8 @@ oop Reflection::new_method(const methodHandle& method, bool for_constant_pool_ac
 
 
 oop Reflection::new_constructor(const methodHandle& method, TRAPS) {
-  assert(method()->is_object_initializer(), "Should be the initializer");
+  assert(method()->is_object_constructor(),
+         "should call new_method instead");
 
   InstanceKlass* holder = method->method_holder();
   int slot = method->method_idnum();
@@ -863,9 +869,16 @@ oop Reflection::new_field(fieldDescriptor* fd, TRAPS) {
   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_slot(rh(), fd->index());
   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_name(rh(), name());
   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_type(rh(), type());
+
+  int flags = 0;
   if (fd->is_trusted_final()) {
-    java_lang_reflect_Field::set_trusted_final(rh());
+    flags |= TRUSTED_FINAL;
+  }
+  if (fd->is_null_free_inline_type()) {
+    flags |= NULL_RESTRICTED;
   }
+  java_lang_reflect_Field::set_flags(rh(), flags);
+
   // Note the ACC_ANNOTATION bit, which is a per-class access flag, is never set here.
   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_modifiers(rh(), fd->access_flags().as_field_flags());
   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_override(rh(), false);
@@ -976,7 +989,8 @@ static oop invoke(InstanceKlass* klass,
     // target klass is receiver's klass
     target_klass = receiver->klass();
     // no need to resolve if method is private or <init>
-    if (reflected_method->is_private() || reflected_method->name() == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name()) {
+    if (reflected_method->is_private() ||
+        reflected_method->name() == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name()) {
       method = reflected_method;
     } else {
       // resolve based on the receiver
@@ -1056,8 +1070,8 @@ static oop invoke(InstanceKlass* klass,
   }
 
   for (int i = 0; i < args_len; i++) {
-    oop type_mirror = ptypes->obj_at(i);
-    oop arg = args->obj_at(i);
+    oop type_mirror = ptypes->obj_at(i, CHECK_NULL);
+    oop arg = args->obj_at(i, CHECK_NULL);
     if (java_lang_Class::is_primitive(type_mirror)) {
       jvalue value;
       BasicType ptype = basic_type_mirror_to_basic_type(type_mirror);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/reflection.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/reflection.hpp
index ebf44d54a6d..4b05c7d939f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/reflection.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/reflection.hpp
@@ -48,6 +48,8 @@ class Reflection: public AllStatic {
     DECLARED          = 1,
     MEMBER_PUBLIC     = 0,
     MEMBER_DECLARED   = 1,
+    TRUSTED_FINAL     = 0x10,
+    NULL_RESTRICTED   = 0x20,
     MAX_DIM           = 255
   };
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/safepoint.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/safepoint.cpp
index b44a43bbfb1..5f01b7ac311 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/safepoint.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/safepoint.cpp
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/symbol.hpp"
 #include "runtime/atomicAccess.hpp"
@@ -796,17 +797,31 @@ void ThreadSafepointState::handle_polling_page_exception() {
   // return point does not mark the return value as an oop (if it is), so
   // it needs a handle here to be updated.
   if( nm->is_at_poll_return(real_return_addr) ) {
+    ResourceMark rm;
     // See if return type is an oop.
-    bool return_oop = nm->method()->is_returning_oop();
+    Method* method = nm->method();
+    bool return_oop = method->is_returning_oop();
     HandleMark hm(self);
-    Handle return_value;
+    GrowableArray<Handle> return_values;
+    InlineKlass* vk = nullptr;
+    if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields && return_oop) {
+      // Check if an inline type is returned as fields
+      vk = InlineKlass::returned_inline_klass(map, &return_oop, method);
+      if (vk != nullptr) {
+        // We're at a safepoint at the return of a method that returns
+        // multiple values. We must make sure we preserve the oop values
+        // across the safepoint.
+        vk->save_oop_fields(map, return_values);
+      }
+    }
+
     if (return_oop) {
       // The oop result has been saved on the stack together with all
       // the other registers. In order to preserve it over GCs we need
       // to keep it in a handle.
       oop result = caller_fr.saved_oop_result(&map);
       assert(oopDesc::is_oop_or_null(result), "must be oop");
-      return_value = Handle(self, result);
+      return_values.push(Handle(self, result));
       assert(Universe::heap()->is_in_or_null(result), "must be heap pointer");
     }
 
@@ -820,7 +835,12 @@ void ThreadSafepointState::handle_polling_page_exception() {
 
     // restore oop result, if any
     if (return_oop) {
-      caller_fr.set_saved_oop_result(&map, return_value());
+      assert(vk != nullptr || return_values.length() == 1, "only one return value");
+      caller_fr.set_saved_oop_result(&map, return_values.pop()());
+    }
+    // restore oops in scalarized fields
+    if (vk != nullptr) {
+      vk->restore_oop_results(map, return_values);
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
index 919161dde2f..31a8b142157 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
@@ -47,12 +47,17 @@
 #include "jfr/jfrEvents.hpp"
 #include "jvm.h"
 #include "logging/log.hpp"
+#include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "metaprogramming/primitiveConversions.hpp"
+#include "oops/access.hpp"
+#include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 #include "prims/forte.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
@@ -72,6 +77,7 @@
 #include "runtime/osThread.hpp"
 #include "runtime/perfData.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
+#include "runtime/signature.hpp"
 #include "runtime/stackWatermarkSet.hpp"
 #include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
 #include "runtime/synchronizer.hpp"
@@ -114,6 +120,11 @@ void SharedRuntime::generate_initial_stubs() {
   _throw_StackOverflowError_blob =
     generate_throw_exception(StubId::shared_throw_StackOverflowError_id,
                              CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, SharedRuntime::throw_StackOverflowError));
+
+  if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+    _store_inline_type_fields_to_buf_blob =
+      generate_return_value_stub(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, SharedRuntime::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf));
+  }
 }
 
 void SharedRuntime::generate_stubs() {
@@ -1176,6 +1187,22 @@ Handle SharedRuntime::find_callee_info_helper(vframeStream& vfst, Bytecodes::Cod
     return receiver;
   }
 
+  // Substitutability test implementation piggy backs on static call resolution
+  Bytecodes::Code code = caller->java_code_at(bci);
+  if (code == Bytecodes::_if_acmpeq || code == Bytecodes::_if_acmpne) {
+    bc = Bytecodes::_invokestatic;
+    methodHandle attached_method(THREAD, extract_attached_method(vfst));
+    assert(attached_method.not_null(), "must have attached method");
+    vmClasses::ValueObjectMethods_klass()->initialize(CHECK_NH);
+    LinkResolver::resolve_invoke(callinfo, receiver, attached_method, bc, false, CHECK_NH);
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    Symbol* subst_method_name = vmSymbols::isSubstitutable_name();
+    Method* is_subst = vmClasses::ValueObjectMethods_klass()->find_method(subst_method_name, vmSymbols::object_object_boolean_signature());
+    assert(callinfo.selected_method() == is_subst, "must be isSubstitutable method");
+#endif
+    return receiver;
+  }
+
   Bytecode_invoke bytecode(caller, bci);
   int bytecode_index = bytecode.index();
   bc = bytecode.invoke_code();
@@ -1211,6 +1238,12 @@ Handle SharedRuntime::find_callee_info_helper(vframeStream& vfst, Bytecodes::Cod
         default:
           break;
       }
+    } else {
+      assert(attached_method->has_scalarized_args(), "invalid use of attached method");
+      if (!attached_method->method_holder()->is_inline_klass() || attached_method->is_static()) {
+        // Ignore the attached method in this case to not confuse below code
+        attached_method = methodHandle(current, nullptr);
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -1219,6 +1252,7 @@ Handle SharedRuntime::find_callee_info_helper(vframeStream& vfst, Bytecodes::Cod
   bool has_receiver = bc != Bytecodes::_invokestatic &&
                       bc != Bytecodes::_invokedynamic &&
                       bc != Bytecodes::_invokehandle;
+  bool check_null_and_abstract = true;
 
   // Find receiver for non-static call
   if (has_receiver) {
@@ -1232,26 +1266,37 @@ Handle SharedRuntime::find_callee_info_helper(vframeStream& vfst, Bytecodes::Cod
     // Caller-frame is a compiled frame
     frame callerFrame = stubFrame.sender(&reg_map2);
 
-    if (attached_method.is_null()) {
-      Method* callee = bytecode.static_target(CHECK_NH);
+    Method* callee = attached_method();
+    if (callee == nullptr) {
+      callee = bytecode.static_target(CHECK_NH);
       if (callee == nullptr) {
         THROW_(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoSuchMethodException(), nullHandle);
       }
     }
-
-    // Retrieve from a compiled argument list
-    receiver = Handle(current, callerFrame.retrieve_receiver(&reg_map2));
-    assert(oopDesc::is_oop_or_null(receiver()), "");
-
-    if (receiver.is_null()) {
-      THROW_(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), nullHandle);
+    bool caller_is_c1 = callerFrame.is_compiled_frame() && callerFrame.cb()->as_nmethod()->is_compiled_by_c1();
+    if (!caller_is_c1 && callee->is_scalarized_arg(0)) {
+      // If the receiver is an inline type that is passed as fields, no oop is available
+      // Resolve the call without receiver null checking.
+      assert(!callee->mismatch(), "calls with inline type receivers should never mismatch");
+      assert(attached_method.not_null() && !attached_method->is_abstract(), "must have non-abstract attached method");
+      if (bc == Bytecodes::_invokeinterface) {
+        bc = Bytecodes::_invokevirtual; // C2 optimistically replaces interface calls by virtual calls
+      }
+      check_null_and_abstract = false;
+    } else {
+      // Retrieve from a compiled argument list
+      receiver = Handle(current, callerFrame.retrieve_receiver(&reg_map2));
+      assert(oopDesc::is_oop_or_null(receiver()), "");
+      if (receiver.is_null()) {
+        THROW_(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), nullHandle);
+      }
     }
   }
 
   // Resolve method
   if (attached_method.not_null()) {
     // Parameterized by attached method.
-    LinkResolver::resolve_invoke(callinfo, receiver, attached_method, bc, CHECK_NH);
+    LinkResolver::resolve_invoke(callinfo, receiver, attached_method, bc, check_null_and_abstract, CHECK_NH);
   } else {
     // Parameterized by bytecode.
     constantPoolHandle constants(current, caller->constants());
@@ -1260,7 +1305,7 @@ Handle SharedRuntime::find_callee_info_helper(vframeStream& vfst, Bytecodes::Cod
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
   // Check that the receiver klass is of the right subtype and that it is initialized for virtual calls
-  if (has_receiver) {
+  if (has_receiver && check_null_and_abstract) {
     assert(receiver.not_null(), "should have thrown exception");
     Klass* receiver_klass = receiver->klass();
     Klass* rk = nullptr;
@@ -1288,7 +1333,7 @@ Handle SharedRuntime::find_callee_info_helper(vframeStream& vfst, Bytecodes::Cod
   return receiver;
 }
 
-methodHandle SharedRuntime::find_callee_method(TRAPS) {
+methodHandle SharedRuntime::find_callee_method(bool& caller_does_not_scalarize, TRAPS) {
   JavaThread* current = THREAD;
   ResourceMark rm(current);
   // We need first to check if any Java activations (compiled, interpreted)
@@ -1314,6 +1359,10 @@ methodHandle SharedRuntime::find_callee_method(TRAPS) {
     Bytecodes::Code bc;
     CallInfo callinfo;
     find_callee_info_helper(vfst, bc, callinfo, CHECK_(methodHandle()));
+    // Calls via mismatching methods are always non-scalarized
+    if (callinfo.resolved_method()->mismatch()) {
+      caller_does_not_scalarize = true;
+    }
     callee_method = methodHandle(current, callinfo.selected_method());
   }
   assert(callee_method()->is_method(), "must be");
@@ -1321,7 +1370,7 @@ methodHandle SharedRuntime::find_callee_method(TRAPS) {
 }
 
 // Resolves a call.
-methodHandle SharedRuntime::resolve_helper(bool is_virtual, bool is_optimized, TRAPS) {
+methodHandle SharedRuntime::resolve_helper(bool is_virtual, bool is_optimized, bool& caller_does_not_scalarize, TRAPS) {
   JavaThread* current = THREAD;
   ResourceMark rm(current);
   RegisterMap cbl_map(current,
@@ -1344,6 +1393,11 @@ methodHandle SharedRuntime::resolve_helper(bool is_virtual, bool is_optimized, T
   NoSafepointVerifier nsv;
 
   methodHandle callee_method(current, call_info.selected_method());
+  // Calls via mismatching methods are always non-scalarized
+  bool mismatch = is_optimized ? call_info.selected_method()->mismatch() : call_info.resolved_method()->mismatch();
+  if (caller_nm->is_compiled_by_c1() || mismatch) {
+    caller_does_not_scalarize = true;
+  }
 
   assert((!is_virtual && invoke_code == Bytecodes::_invokestatic ) ||
          (!is_virtual && invoke_code == Bytecodes::_invokespecial) ||
@@ -1362,9 +1416,9 @@ methodHandle SharedRuntime::resolve_helper(bool is_virtual, bool is_optimized, T
 
   if (TraceCallFixup) {
     ResourceMark rm(current);
-    tty->print("resolving %s%s (%s) call to",
+    tty->print("resolving %s%s (%s) %s call to",
                (is_optimized) ? "optimized " : "", (is_virtual) ? "virtual" : "static",
-               Bytecodes::name(invoke_code));
+               Bytecodes::name(invoke_code), (caller_does_not_scalarize) ? "non-scalar" : "");
     callee_method->print_short_name(tty);
     tty->print_cr(" at pc: " INTPTR_FORMAT " to code: " INTPTR_FORMAT,
                   p2i(caller_frame.pc()), p2i(callee_method->code()));
@@ -1403,11 +1457,11 @@ methodHandle SharedRuntime::resolve_helper(bool is_virtual, bool is_optimized, T
   CompiledICLocker ml(caller_nm);
   if (is_virtual && !is_optimized) {
     CompiledIC* inline_cache = CompiledIC_before(caller_nm, caller_frame.pc());
-    inline_cache->update(&call_info, receiver->klass());
+    inline_cache->update(&call_info, receiver->klass(), caller_does_not_scalarize);
   } else {
     // Callsite is a direct call - set it to the destination method
     CompiledDirectCall* callsite = CompiledDirectCall::before(caller_frame.pc());
-    callsite->set(callee_method);
+    callsite->set(callee_method, caller_does_not_scalarize);
   }
 
   return callee_method;
@@ -1427,13 +1481,14 @@ JRT_BLOCK_ENTRY(address, SharedRuntime::handle_wrong_method_ic_miss(JavaThread*
 #endif /* ASSERT */
 
   methodHandle callee_method;
+  bool caller_does_not_scalarize = false;
   JRT_BLOCK
-    callee_method = SharedRuntime::handle_ic_miss_helper(CHECK_NULL);
+    callee_method = SharedRuntime::handle_ic_miss_helper(caller_does_not_scalarize, CHECK_NULL);
     // Return Method* through TLS
     current->set_vm_result_metadata(callee_method());
   JRT_BLOCK_END
   // return compiled code entry point after potential safepoints
-  return get_resolved_entry(current, callee_method);
+  return get_resolved_entry(current, callee_method, false, false, caller_does_not_scalarize);
 JRT_END
 
 
@@ -1474,19 +1529,26 @@ JRT_BLOCK_ENTRY(address, SharedRuntime::handle_wrong_method(JavaThread* current)
       // so bypassing it in c2i adapter is benign.
       return callee->get_c2i_no_clinit_check_entry();
     } else {
-      return callee->get_c2i_entry();
+      if (caller_frame.is_interpreted_frame()) {
+        return callee->get_c2i_inline_entry();
+      } else {
+        return callee->get_c2i_entry();
+      }
     }
   }
 
   // Must be compiled to compiled path which is safe to stackwalk
   methodHandle callee_method;
+  bool is_static_call = false;
+  bool is_optimized = false;
+  bool caller_does_not_scalarize = false;
   JRT_BLOCK
     // Force resolving of caller (if we called from compiled frame)
-    callee_method = SharedRuntime::reresolve_call_site(CHECK_NULL);
+    callee_method = SharedRuntime::reresolve_call_site(is_optimized, caller_does_not_scalarize, CHECK_NULL);
     current->set_vm_result_metadata(callee_method());
   JRT_BLOCK_END
   // return compiled code entry point after potential safepoints
-  return get_resolved_entry(current, callee_method);
+  return get_resolved_entry(current, callee_method, callee_method->is_static(), is_optimized, caller_does_not_scalarize);
 JRT_END
 
 // Handle abstract method call
@@ -1525,37 +1587,57 @@ JRT_END
 
 // return verified_code_entry if interp_only_mode is not set for the current thread;
 // otherwise return c2i entry.
-address SharedRuntime::get_resolved_entry(JavaThread* current, methodHandle callee_method) {
-  if (current->is_interp_only_mode() && !callee_method->is_special_native_intrinsic()) {
-    // In interp_only_mode we need to go to the interpreted entry
-    // The c2i won't patch in this mode -- see fixup_callers_callsite
-    return callee_method->get_c2i_entry();
+address SharedRuntime::get_resolved_entry(JavaThread* current, methodHandle callee_method,
+                                          bool is_static_call, bool is_optimized, bool caller_does_not_scalarize) {
+  bool is_interp_only_mode = (StressCallingConvention && (os::random() % (1 << 10)) == 0) || current->is_interp_only_mode();
+  // In interp_only_mode we need to go to the interpreted entry
+  // The c2i won't patch in this mode -- see fixup_callers_callsite
+  bool go_to_interpreter = is_interp_only_mode && !callee_method->is_special_native_intrinsic();
+
+  if (caller_does_not_scalarize) {
+    if (go_to_interpreter) {
+      return callee_method->get_c2i_inline_entry();
+    }
+    assert(callee_method->verified_inline_code_entry() != nullptr, "Jump to zero!");
+    return callee_method->verified_inline_code_entry();
+  } else if (is_static_call || is_optimized) {
+    if (go_to_interpreter) {
+      return callee_method->get_c2i_entry();
+    }
+    assert(callee_method->verified_code_entry() != nullptr, "Jump to zero!");
+    return callee_method->verified_code_entry();
+  } else {
+    if (go_to_interpreter) {
+      return callee_method->get_c2i_inline_ro_entry();
+    }
+    assert(callee_method->verified_inline_ro_code_entry() != nullptr, "Jump to zero!");
+    return callee_method->verified_inline_ro_code_entry();
   }
-  assert(callee_method->verified_code_entry() != nullptr, " Jump to zero!");
-  return callee_method->verified_code_entry();
 }
 
 // resolve a static call and patch code
 JRT_BLOCK_ENTRY(address, SharedRuntime::resolve_static_call_C(JavaThread* current ))
   methodHandle callee_method;
+  bool caller_does_not_scalarize = false;
   bool enter_special = false;
   JRT_BLOCK
-    callee_method = SharedRuntime::resolve_helper(false, false, CHECK_NULL);
+    callee_method = SharedRuntime::resolve_helper(false, false, caller_does_not_scalarize, CHECK_NULL);
     current->set_vm_result_metadata(callee_method());
   JRT_BLOCK_END
   // return compiled code entry point after potential safepoints
-  return get_resolved_entry(current, callee_method);
+  return get_resolved_entry(current, callee_method, true, false, caller_does_not_scalarize);
 JRT_END
 
 // resolve virtual call and update inline cache to monomorphic
 JRT_BLOCK_ENTRY(address, SharedRuntime::resolve_virtual_call_C(JavaThread* current))
   methodHandle callee_method;
+  bool caller_does_not_scalarize = false;
   JRT_BLOCK
-    callee_method = SharedRuntime::resolve_helper(true, false, CHECK_NULL);
+    callee_method = SharedRuntime::resolve_helper(true, false, caller_does_not_scalarize, CHECK_NULL);
     current->set_vm_result_metadata(callee_method());
   JRT_BLOCK_END
   // return compiled code entry point after potential safepoints
-  return get_resolved_entry(current, callee_method);
+  return get_resolved_entry(current, callee_method, false, false, caller_does_not_scalarize);
 JRT_END
 
 
@@ -1563,15 +1645,16 @@ JRT_END
 // monomorphic, so it has no inline cache).  Patch code to resolved target.
 JRT_BLOCK_ENTRY(address, SharedRuntime::resolve_opt_virtual_call_C(JavaThread* current))
   methodHandle callee_method;
+  bool caller_does_not_scalarize = false;
   JRT_BLOCK
-    callee_method = SharedRuntime::resolve_helper(true, true, CHECK_NULL);
+    callee_method = SharedRuntime::resolve_helper(true, true, caller_does_not_scalarize, CHECK_NULL);
     current->set_vm_result_metadata(callee_method());
   JRT_BLOCK_END
   // return compiled code entry point after potential safepoints
-  return get_resolved_entry(current, callee_method);
+  return get_resolved_entry(current, callee_method, false, true, caller_does_not_scalarize);
 JRT_END
 
-methodHandle SharedRuntime::handle_ic_miss_helper(TRAPS) {
+methodHandle SharedRuntime::handle_ic_miss_helper(bool& caller_does_not_scalarize, TRAPS) {
   JavaThread* current = THREAD;
   ResourceMark rm(current);
   CallInfo call_info;
@@ -1589,7 +1672,7 @@ methodHandle SharedRuntime::handle_ic_miss_helper(TRAPS) {
   // Statistics & Tracing
   if (TraceCallFixup) {
     ResourceMark rm(current);
-    tty->print("IC miss (%s) call to", Bytecodes::name(bc));
+    tty->print("IC miss (%s) %s call to", Bytecodes::name(bc), (caller_does_not_scalarize) ? "non-scalar" : "");
     callee_method->print_short_name(tty);
     tty->print_cr(" code: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(callee_method->code()));
   }
@@ -1621,10 +1704,14 @@ methodHandle SharedRuntime::handle_ic_miss_helper(TRAPS) {
   frame caller_frame = current->last_frame().sender(&reg_map);
   CodeBlob* cb = caller_frame.cb();
   nmethod* caller_nm = cb->as_nmethod();
+  // Calls via mismatching methods are always non-scalarized
+  if (caller_nm->is_compiled_by_c1() || call_info.resolved_method()->mismatch()) {
+    caller_does_not_scalarize = true;
+  }
 
   CompiledICLocker ml(caller_nm);
   CompiledIC* inline_cache = CompiledIC_before(caller_nm, caller_frame.pc());
-  inline_cache->update(&call_info, receiver()->klass());
+  inline_cache->update(&call_info, receiver()->klass(), caller_does_not_scalarize);
 
   return callee_method;
 }
@@ -1635,7 +1722,7 @@ methodHandle SharedRuntime::handle_ic_miss_helper(TRAPS) {
 // sites, and static call sites. Typically used to change a call sites
 // destination from compiled to interpreted.
 //
-methodHandle SharedRuntime::reresolve_call_site(TRAPS) {
+methodHandle SharedRuntime::reresolve_call_site(bool& is_optimized, bool& caller_does_not_scalarize, TRAPS) {
   JavaThread* current = THREAD;
   ResourceMark rm(current);
   RegisterMap reg_map(current,
@@ -1645,14 +1732,27 @@ methodHandle SharedRuntime::reresolve_call_site(TRAPS) {
   frame stub_frame = current->last_frame();
   assert(stub_frame.is_runtime_frame(), "must be a runtimeStub");
   frame caller = stub_frame.sender(&reg_map);
-
-  // Do nothing if the frame isn't a live compiled frame.
-  // nmethod could be deoptimized by the time we get here
-  // so no update to the caller is needed.
-
-  if ((caller.is_compiled_frame() && !caller.is_deoptimized_frame()) ||
-      (caller.is_native_frame() && caller.cb()->as_nmethod()->method()->is_continuation_enter_intrinsic())) {
-
+  if (caller.is_compiled_frame()) {
+    caller_does_not_scalarize = caller.cb()->as_nmethod()->is_compiled_by_c1();
+  }
+  assert(!caller.is_interpreted_frame(), "must be compiled");
+
+  // If the frame isn't a live compiled frame (i.e. deoptimized by the time we get here), no IC clearing must be done
+  // for the caller. However, when the caller is C2 compiled and the callee a C1 or C2 compiled method, then we still
+  // need to figure out whether it was an optimized virtual call with an inline type receiver. Otherwise, we end up
+  // using the wrong method entry point and accidentally skip the buffering of the receiver.
+  methodHandle callee_method = find_callee_method(caller_does_not_scalarize, CHECK_(methodHandle()));
+  const bool caller_is_compiled_and_not_deoptimized = caller.is_compiled_frame() && !caller.is_deoptimized_frame();
+  const bool caller_is_continuation_enter_intrinsic =
+    caller.is_native_frame() && caller.cb()->as_nmethod()->method()->is_continuation_enter_intrinsic();
+  const bool do_IC_clearing = caller_is_compiled_and_not_deoptimized || caller_is_continuation_enter_intrinsic;
+
+  const bool callee_compiled_with_scalarized_receiver = callee_method->has_compiled_code() &&
+                                                        !callee_method()->is_static() &&
+                                                        callee_method()->is_scalarized_arg(0);
+  const bool compute_is_optimized = !caller_does_not_scalarize && callee_compiled_with_scalarized_receiver;
+
+  if (do_IC_clearing || compute_is_optimized) {
     address pc = caller.pc();
 
     nmethod* caller_nm = CodeCache::find_nmethod(pc);
@@ -1685,18 +1785,25 @@ methodHandle SharedRuntime::reresolve_call_site(TRAPS) {
       RelocIterator iter(caller_nm, call_addr, call_addr+1);
       bool ret = iter.next(); // Get item
       if (ret) {
+        is_optimized = false;
         switch (iter.type()) {
           case relocInfo::static_call_type:
+            assert(callee_method->is_static(), "must be");
           case relocInfo::opt_virtual_call_type: {
-            CompiledDirectCall* cdc = CompiledDirectCall::at(call_addr);
-            cdc->set_to_clean();
+            is_optimized = (iter.type() == relocInfo::opt_virtual_call_type);
+            if (do_IC_clearing) {
+              CompiledDirectCall* cdc = CompiledDirectCall::at(call_addr);
+              cdc->set_to_clean();
+            }
             break;
           }
 
           case relocInfo::virtual_call_type: {
-            // compiled, dispatched call (which used to call an interpreted method)
-            CompiledIC* inline_cache = CompiledIC_at(caller_nm, call_addr);
-            inline_cache->set_to_clean();
+            if (do_IC_clearing) {
+              // compiled, dispatched call (which used to call an interpreted method)
+              CompiledIC* inline_cache = CompiledIC_at(caller_nm, call_addr);
+              inline_cache->set_to_clean();
+            }
             break;
           }
           default:
@@ -1706,15 +1813,12 @@ methodHandle SharedRuntime::reresolve_call_site(TRAPS) {
     }
   }
 
-  methodHandle callee_method = find_callee_method(CHECK_(methodHandle()));
-
-
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   AtomicAccess::inc(&_wrong_method_ctr);
 
   if (TraceCallFixup) {
     ResourceMark rm(current);
-    tty->print("handle_wrong_method reresolving call to");
+    tty->print("handle_wrong_method reresolving %s call to", (caller_does_not_scalarize) ? "non-scalar" : "");
     callee_method->print_short_name(tty);
     tty->print_cr(" code: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(callee_method->code()));
   }
@@ -1920,6 +2024,21 @@ char* SharedRuntime::generate_class_cast_message(
   return message;
 }
 
+char* SharedRuntime::generate_identity_exception_message(JavaThread* current, Klass* klass) {
+  assert(klass->is_inline_klass(), "Must be a concrete value class");
+  const char* desc = "Cannot synchronize on an instance of value class ";
+  const char* className = klass->external_name();
+  size_t msglen = strlen(desc) + strlen(className) + 1;
+  char* message = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, msglen);
+  if (nullptr == message) {
+    // Out of memory: can't create detailed error message
+    message = const_cast<char*>(klass->external_name());
+  } else {
+    jio_snprintf(message, msglen, "%s%s", desc, className);
+  }
+  return message;
+}
+
 JRT_LEAF(void, SharedRuntime::reguard_yellow_pages())
   (void) JavaThread::current()->stack_overflow_state()->reguard_stack();
 JRT_END
@@ -2153,38 +2272,81 @@ static int _runtime_hits;  // number of successful lookups in runtime table
 // A simple wrapper class around the calling convention information
 // that allows sharing of adapters for the same calling convention.
 class AdapterFingerPrint : public MetaspaceObj {
- private:
-  enum {
-    _basic_type_bits = 4,
-    _basic_type_mask = right_n_bits(_basic_type_bits),
-    _basic_types_per_int = BitsPerInt / _basic_type_bits,
+public:
+  class Element {
+  private:
+    // The highest byte is the type of the argument. The remaining bytes contain the offset of the
+    // field if it is flattened in the calling convention, -1 otherwise.
+    juint _payload;
+
+    static constexpr int offset_bit_width = 24;
+    static constexpr juint offset_bit_mask = (1 << offset_bit_width) - 1;
+  public:
+    Element(BasicType bt, int offset) : _payload((static_cast<juint>(bt) << offset_bit_width) | (juint(offset) & offset_bit_mask)) {
+      assert(offset >= -1 && offset < jint(offset_bit_mask), "invalid offset %d", offset);
+    }
+
+    BasicType bt() const {
+      return static_cast<BasicType>(_payload >> offset_bit_width);
+    }
+
+    int offset() const {
+      juint res = _payload & offset_bit_mask;
+      return res == offset_bit_mask ? -1 : res;
+    }
+
+    juint hash() const {
+      return _payload;
+    }
+
+    bool operator!=(const Element& other) const {
+      return _payload != other._payload;
+    }
   };
-  // TO DO:  Consider integrating this with a more global scheme for compressing signatures.
-  // For now, 4 bits per components (plus T_VOID gaps after double/long) is not excessive.
 
-  int _length;
+private:
+  const bool _has_ro_adapter;
+  const int _length;
 
   static int data_offset() { return sizeof(AdapterFingerPrint); }
-  int* data_pointer() {
-    return (int*)((address)this + data_offset());
+  Element* data_pointer() {
+    return reinterpret_cast<Element*>(reinterpret_cast<address>(this) + data_offset());
+  }
+
+  const Element& element_at(int index) {
+    assert(index < length(), "index %d out of bounds for length %d", index, length());
+    Element* data = data_pointer();
+    return data[index];
   }
 
   // Private construtor. Use allocate() to get an instance.
-  AdapterFingerPrint(int total_args_passed, BasicType* sig_bt, int len) {
-    int* data = data_pointer();
-    // Pack the BasicTypes with 8 per int
-    assert(len == length(total_args_passed), "sanity");
-    _length = len;
-    int sig_index = 0;
+  AdapterFingerPrint(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, bool has_ro_adapter)
+    : _has_ro_adapter(has_ro_adapter), _length(total_args_passed_in_sig(sig)) {
+    Element* data = data_pointer();
+    BasicType prev_bt = T_ILLEGAL;
+    int vt_count = 0;
     for (int index = 0; index < _length; index++) {
-      int value = 0;
-      for (int byte = 0; sig_index < total_args_passed && byte < _basic_types_per_int; byte++) {
-        int bt = adapter_encoding(sig_bt[sig_index++]);
-        assert((bt & _basic_type_mask) == bt, "must fit in 4 bits");
-        value = (value << _basic_type_bits) | bt;
+      const SigEntry& sig_entry = sig->at(index);
+      BasicType bt = sig_entry._bt;
+      if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+        // Found start of inline type in signature
+        assert(InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, "unexpected start of inline type");
+        vt_count++;
+      } else if (bt == T_VOID && prev_bt != T_LONG && prev_bt != T_DOUBLE) {
+        // Found end of inline type in signature
+        assert(InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, "unexpected end of inline type");
+        vt_count--;
+        assert(vt_count >= 0, "invalid vt_count");
+      } else if (vt_count == 0) {
+        // Widen fields that are not part of a scalarized inline type argument
+        assert(sig_entry._offset == -1, "invalid offset for argument that is not a flattened field %d", sig_entry._offset);
+        bt = adapter_encoding(bt);
       }
-      data[index] = value;
+
+      ::new(&data[index]) Element(bt, sig_entry._offset);
+      prev_bt = bt;
     }
+    assert(vt_count == 0, "invalid vt_count");
   }
 
   // Call deallocate instead
@@ -2192,24 +2354,24 @@ class AdapterFingerPrint : public MetaspaceObj {
     ShouldNotCallThis();
   }
 
-  static int length(int total_args) {
-    return (total_args + (_basic_types_per_int-1)) / _basic_types_per_int;
+  static int total_args_passed_in_sig(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig) {
+    return (sig != nullptr) ? sig->length() : 0;
   }
 
   static int compute_size_in_words(int len) {
-    return (int)heap_word_size(sizeof(AdapterFingerPrint) + (len * sizeof(int)));
+    return (int)heap_word_size(sizeof(AdapterFingerPrint) + (len * sizeof(Element)));
   }
 
   // Remap BasicTypes that are handled equivalently by the adapters.
   // These are correct for the current system but someday it might be
   // necessary to make this mapping platform dependent.
-  static int adapter_encoding(BasicType in) {
+  static BasicType adapter_encoding(BasicType in) {
     switch (in) {
       case T_BOOLEAN:
       case T_BYTE:
       case T_SHORT:
       case T_CHAR:
-        // There are all promoted to T_INT in the calling convention
+        // They are all promoted to T_INT in the calling convention
         return T_INT;
 
       case T_OBJECT:
@@ -2242,27 +2404,18 @@ class AdapterFingerPrint : public MetaspaceObj {
     return p;
   }
 
+public:
   template<typename Function>
   void iterate_args(Function function) {
     for (int i = 0; i < length(); i++) {
-      unsigned val = (unsigned)value(i);
-      // args are packed so that first/lower arguments are in the highest
-      // bits of each int value, so iterate from highest to the lowest
-      for (int j = 32 - _basic_type_bits; j >= 0; j -= _basic_type_bits) {
-        unsigned v = (val >> j) & _basic_type_mask;
-        if (v == 0) {
-          continue;
-        }
-        function(v);
-      }
+      function(element_at(i));
     }
   }
 
- public:
-  static AdapterFingerPrint* allocate(int total_args_passed, BasicType* sig_bt) {
-    int len = length(total_args_passed);
+  static AdapterFingerPrint* allocate(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, bool has_ro_adapter = false) {
+    int len = total_args_passed_in_sig(sig);
     int size_in_bytes = BytesPerWord * compute_size_in_words(len);
-    AdapterFingerPrint* afp = new (size_in_bytes) AdapterFingerPrint(total_args_passed, sig_bt, len);
+    AdapterFingerPrint* afp = new (size_in_bytes) AdapterFingerPrint(sig, has_ro_adapter);
     assert((afp->size() * BytesPerWord) == size_in_bytes, "should match");
     return afp;
   }
@@ -2271,53 +2424,57 @@ class AdapterFingerPrint : public MetaspaceObj {
     FreeHeap(fp);
   }
 
-  int value(int index) {
-    int* data = data_pointer();
-    return data[index];
+  bool has_ro_adapter() const {
+    return _has_ro_adapter;
   }
 
-  int length() {
+  int length() const {
     return _length;
   }
 
   unsigned int compute_hash() {
     int hash = 0;
     for (int i = 0; i < length(); i++) {
-      int v = value(i);
+      const Element& v = element_at(i);
       //Add arithmetic operation to the hash, like +3 to improve hashing
-      hash = ((hash << 8) ^ v ^ (hash >> 5)) + 3;
+      hash = ((hash << 8) ^ v.hash() ^ (hash >> 5)) + 3;
     }
     return (unsigned int)hash;
   }
 
   const char* as_string() {
     stringStream st;
-    st.print("0x");
+    st.print("{");
+    if (_has_ro_adapter) {
+      st.print("has_ro_adapter");
+    } else {
+      st.print("no_ro_adapter");
+    }
     for (int i = 0; i < length(); i++) {
-      st.print("%x", value(i));
+      st.print(", ");
+      const Element& elem = element_at(i);
+      st.print("{%s, %d}", type2name(elem.bt()), elem.offset());
     }
+    st.print("}");
     return st.as_string();
   }
 
   const char* as_basic_args_string() {
     stringStream st;
     bool long_prev = false;
-    iterate_args([&] (int arg) {
+    iterate_args([&] (const Element& arg) {
       if (long_prev) {
         long_prev = false;
-        if (arg == T_VOID) {
+        if (arg.bt() == T_VOID) {
           st.print("J");
         } else {
           st.print("L");
         }
       }
-      switch (arg) {
-        case T_INT:    st.print("I");    break;
-        case T_LONG:   long_prev = true; break;
-        case T_FLOAT:  st.print("F");    break;
-        case T_DOUBLE: st.print("D");    break;
-        case T_VOID:   break;
-        default: ShouldNotReachHere();
+      if (arg.bt() == T_LONG) {
+        long_prev = true;
+      } else if (arg.bt() != T_VOID) {
+        st.print("%c", type2char(arg.bt()));
       }
     });
     if (long_prev) {
@@ -2326,63 +2483,14 @@ class AdapterFingerPrint : public MetaspaceObj {
     return st.as_string();
   }
 
-  BasicType* as_basic_type(int& nargs) {
-    nargs = 0;
-    GrowableArray<BasicType> btarray;
-    bool long_prev = false;
-
-    iterate_args([&] (int arg) {
-      if (long_prev) {
-        long_prev = false;
-        if (arg == T_VOID) {
-          btarray.append(T_LONG);
-        } else {
-          btarray.append(T_OBJECT); // it could be T_ARRAY; it shouldn't matter
-        }
-      }
-      switch (arg) {
-        case T_INT: // fallthrough
-        case T_FLOAT: // fallthrough
-        case T_DOUBLE:
-        case T_VOID:
-          btarray.append((BasicType)arg);
-          break;
-        case T_LONG:
-          long_prev = true;
-          break;
-        default: ShouldNotReachHere();
-      }
-    });
-
-    if (long_prev) {
-      btarray.append(T_OBJECT);
-    }
-
-    nargs = btarray.length();
-    BasicType* sig_bt = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(BasicType, nargs);
-    int index = 0;
-    GrowableArrayIterator<BasicType> iter = btarray.begin();
-    while (iter != btarray.end()) {
-      sig_bt[index++] = *iter;
-      ++iter;
-    }
-    assert(index == btarray.length(), "sanity check");
-#ifdef ASSERT
-    {
-      AdapterFingerPrint* compare_fp = AdapterFingerPrint::allocate(nargs, sig_bt);
-      assert(this->equals(compare_fp), "sanity check");
-      AdapterFingerPrint::deallocate(compare_fp);
-    }
-#endif
-    return sig_bt;
-  }
-
   bool equals(AdapterFingerPrint* other) {
-    if (other->_length != _length) {
+    if (other->_has_ro_adapter != _has_ro_adapter) {
+      return false;
+    } else if (other->_length != _length) {
       return false;
     } else {
       for (int i = 0; i < _length; i++) {
-        if (value(i) != other->value(i)) {
+        if (element_at(i) != other->element_at(i)) {
           return false;
         }
       }
@@ -2425,10 +2533,10 @@ static AdapterHandlerTable* _adapter_handler_table;
 static GrowableArray<AdapterHandlerEntry*>* _adapter_handler_list = nullptr;
 
 // Find a entry with the same fingerprint if it exists
-AdapterHandlerEntry* AdapterHandlerLibrary::lookup(int total_args_passed, BasicType* sig_bt) {
+AdapterHandlerEntry* AdapterHandlerLibrary::lookup(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, bool has_ro_adapter) {
   NOT_PRODUCT(_lookups++);
   assert_lock_strong(AdapterHandlerLibrary_lock);
-  AdapterFingerPrint* fp = AdapterFingerPrint::allocate(total_args_passed, sig_bt);
+  AdapterFingerPrint* fp = AdapterFingerPrint::allocate(sig, has_ro_adapter);
   AdapterHandlerEntry* entry = nullptr;
 #if INCLUDE_CDS
   // if we are building the archive then the archived adapter table is
@@ -2485,7 +2593,7 @@ AdapterHandlerEntry* AdapterHandlerLibrary::_obj_obj_arg_handler = nullptr;
 #if INCLUDE_CDS
 ArchivedAdapterTable AdapterHandlerLibrary::_aot_adapter_handler_table;
 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS
-static const int AdapterHandlerLibrary_size = 16*K;
+static const int AdapterHandlerLibrary_size = 48*K;
 BufferBlob* AdapterHandlerLibrary::_buffer = nullptr;
 volatile uint AdapterHandlerLibrary::_id_counter = 0;
 
@@ -2533,19 +2641,31 @@ void AdapterHandlerLibrary::initialize() {
   {
     MutexLocker mu(AdapterHandlerLibrary_lock);
 
-    _no_arg_handler = create_adapter(0, nullptr);
+    CompiledEntrySignature no_args;
+    no_args.compute_calling_conventions();
+    _no_arg_handler = create_adapter(no_args, true);
 
-    BasicType obj_args[] = { T_OBJECT };
-    _obj_arg_handler = create_adapter(1, obj_args);
+    CompiledEntrySignature obj_args;
+    SigEntry::add_entry(obj_args.sig(), T_OBJECT);
+    obj_args.compute_calling_conventions();
+    _obj_arg_handler = create_adapter(obj_args, true);
 
-    BasicType int_args[] = { T_INT };
-    _int_arg_handler = create_adapter(1, int_args);
+    CompiledEntrySignature int_args;
+    SigEntry::add_entry(int_args.sig(), T_INT);
+    int_args.compute_calling_conventions();
+    _int_arg_handler = create_adapter(int_args, true);
 
-    BasicType obj_int_args[] = { T_OBJECT, T_INT };
-    _obj_int_arg_handler = create_adapter(2, obj_int_args);
+    CompiledEntrySignature obj_int_args;
+    SigEntry::add_entry(obj_int_args.sig(), T_OBJECT);
+    SigEntry::add_entry(obj_int_args.sig(), T_INT);
+    obj_int_args.compute_calling_conventions();
+    _obj_int_arg_handler = create_adapter(obj_int_args, true);
 
-    BasicType obj_obj_args[] = { T_OBJECT, T_OBJECT };
-    _obj_obj_arg_handler = create_adapter(2, obj_obj_args);
+    CompiledEntrySignature obj_obj_args;
+    SigEntry::add_entry(obj_obj_args.sig(), T_OBJECT);
+    SigEntry::add_entry(obj_obj_args.sig(), T_OBJECT);
+    obj_obj_args.compute_calling_conventions();
+    _obj_obj_arg_handler = create_adapter(obj_obj_args, true);
 
     // we should always get an entry back but we don't have any
     // associated blob on Zero
@@ -2579,10 +2699,22 @@ AdapterHandlerEntry* AdapterHandlerLibrary::get_simple_adapter(const methodHandl
     return _no_arg_handler;
   } else if (total_args_passed == 1) {
     if (!method->is_static()) {
+      if (InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs && method->method_holder()->is_inline_klass()) {
+        return nullptr;
+      }
       return _obj_arg_handler;
     }
     switch (method->signature()->char_at(1)) {
-      case JVM_SIGNATURE_CLASS:
+      case JVM_SIGNATURE_CLASS: {
+        if (InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs) {
+          SignatureStream ss(method->signature());
+          InlineKlass* vk = ss.as_inline_klass(method->method_holder());
+          if (vk != nullptr) {
+            return nullptr;
+          }
+        }
+        return _obj_arg_handler;
+      }
       case JVM_SIGNATURE_ARRAY:
         return _obj_arg_handler;
       case JVM_SIGNATURE_INT:
@@ -2593,9 +2725,18 @@ AdapterHandlerEntry* AdapterHandlerLibrary::get_simple_adapter(const methodHandl
         return _int_arg_handler;
     }
   } else if (total_args_passed == 2 &&
-             !method->is_static()) {
+             !method->is_static() && (!InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs || !method->method_holder()->is_inline_klass())) {
     switch (method->signature()->char_at(1)) {
-      case JVM_SIGNATURE_CLASS:
+      case JVM_SIGNATURE_CLASS: {
+        if (InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs) {
+          SignatureStream ss(method->signature());
+          InlineKlass* vk = ss.as_inline_klass(method->method_holder());
+          if (vk != nullptr) {
+            return nullptr;
+          }
+        }
+        return _obj_obj_arg_handler;
+      }
       case JVM_SIGNATURE_ARRAY:
         return _obj_obj_arg_handler;
       case JVM_SIGNATURE_INT:
@@ -2609,58 +2750,409 @@ AdapterHandlerEntry* AdapterHandlerLibrary::get_simple_adapter(const methodHandl
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-class AdapterSignatureIterator : public SignatureIterator {
- private:
-  BasicType stack_sig_bt[16];
-  BasicType* sig_bt;
-  int index;
+CompiledEntrySignature::CompiledEntrySignature(Method* method) :
+  _method(method), _num_inline_args(0), _has_inline_recv(false),
+  _regs(nullptr), _regs_cc(nullptr), _regs_cc_ro(nullptr),
+  _args_on_stack(0), _args_on_stack_cc(0), _args_on_stack_cc_ro(0),
+  _c1_needs_stack_repair(false), _c2_needs_stack_repair(false), _supers(nullptr) {
+  _sig = new GrowableArray<SigEntry>((method != nullptr) ? method->size_of_parameters() : 1);
+  _sig_cc = new GrowableArray<SigEntry>((method != nullptr) ? method->size_of_parameters() : 1);
+  _sig_cc_ro = new GrowableArray<SigEntry>((method != nullptr) ? method->size_of_parameters() : 1);
+}
 
- public:
-  AdapterSignatureIterator(Symbol* signature,
-                           fingerprint_t fingerprint,
-                           bool is_static,
-                           int total_args_passed) :
-    SignatureIterator(signature, fingerprint),
-    index(0)
-  {
-    sig_bt = (total_args_passed <= 16) ? stack_sig_bt : NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(BasicType, total_args_passed);
-    if (!is_static) { // Pass in receiver first
-      sig_bt[index++] = T_OBJECT;
+// See if we can save space by sharing the same entry for VIEP and VIEP(RO),
+// or the same entry for VEP and VIEP(RO).
+CodeOffsets::Entries CompiledEntrySignature::c1_inline_ro_entry_type() const {
+  if (!has_scalarized_args()) {
+    // VEP/VIEP/VIEP(RO) all share the same entry. There's no packing.
+    return CodeOffsets::Verified_Entry;
+  }
+  if (_method->is_static()) {
+    // Static methods don't need VIEP(RO)
+    return CodeOffsets::Verified_Entry;
+  }
+
+  if (has_inline_recv()) {
+    if (num_inline_args() == 1) {
+      // Share same entry for VIEP and VIEP(RO).
+      // This is quite common: we have an instance method in an InlineKlass that has
+      // no inline type args other than <this>.
+      return CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry;
+    } else {
+      assert(num_inline_args() > 1, "must be");
+      // No sharing:
+      //   VIEP(RO) -- <this> is passed as object
+      //   VEP      -- <this> is passed as fields
+      return CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry_RO;
     }
-    do_parameters_on(this);
   }
 
-  BasicType* basic_types() {
-    return sig_bt;
+  // Either a static method, or <this> is not an inline type
+  if (args_on_stack_cc() != args_on_stack_cc_ro()) {
+    // No sharing:
+    // Some arguments are passed on the stack, and we have inserted reserved entries
+    // into the VEP, but we never insert reserved entries into the VIEP(RO).
+    return CodeOffsets::Verified_Inline_Entry_RO;
+  } else {
+    // Share same entry for VEP and VIEP(RO).
+    return CodeOffsets::Verified_Entry;
+  }
+}
+
+// Returns all super methods (transitive) in classes and interfaces that are overridden by the current method.
+GrowableArray<Method*>* CompiledEntrySignature::get_supers() {
+  if (_supers != nullptr) {
+    return _supers;
+  }
+  _supers = new GrowableArray<Method*>();
+  // Skip private, static, and <init> methods
+  if (_method->is_private() || _method->is_static() || _method->is_object_constructor()) {
+    return _supers;
+  }
+  Symbol* name = _method->name();
+  Symbol* signature = _method->signature();
+  const Klass* holder = _method->method_holder()->super();
+  Symbol* holder_name = holder->name();
+  JavaThread* current = JavaThread::current();
+  HandleMark hm(current);
+  Handle loader(current, _method->method_holder()->class_loader());
+
+  // Walk up the class hierarchy and search for super methods
+  while (holder != nullptr) {
+    Method* super_method = holder->lookup_method(name, signature);
+    if (super_method == nullptr) {
+      break;
+    }
+    if (!super_method->is_static() && !super_method->is_private() &&
+        (!super_method->is_package_private() ||
+         super_method->method_holder()->is_same_class_package(loader(), holder_name))) {
+      _supers->push(super_method);
+    }
+    holder = super_method->method_holder()->super();
+  }
+  // Search interfaces for super methods
+  Array<InstanceKlass*>* interfaces = _method->method_holder()->transitive_interfaces();
+  for (int i = 0; i < interfaces->length(); ++i) {
+    Method* m = interfaces->at(i)->lookup_method(name, signature);
+    if (m != nullptr && !m->is_static() && m->is_public()) {
+      _supers->push(m);
+    }
   }
+  return _supers;
+}
+
+bool CompiledEntrySignature::check_supers_and_deoptimize(int arg_num) {
+  assert(JavaThread::current()->thread_state() == _thread_in_vm, "must be in vm state");
 
+  bool scalar_super = false;
+  bool non_scalar_super = false;
+
+  GrowableArray<Method*>* supers = get_supers();
+  for (int i = 0; i < supers->length(); ++i) {
+    Method* super_method = supers->at(i);
+    if (super_method->is_scalarized_arg(arg_num)) {
+      scalar_super = true;
+    } else {
+      non_scalar_super = true;
+    }
+  }
 #ifdef ASSERT
-  int slots() {
-    return index;
+  // Randomly enable below code paths for stress testing
+  bool stress = StressCallingConvention;
+  if (stress && (os::random() & 1) == 1) {
+    non_scalar_super = true;
+    if ((os::random() & 1) == 1) {
+      scalar_super = true;
+    }
   }
 #endif
+  if (non_scalar_super) {
+    // Found a super method with a non-scalarized argument. Fall back to the non-scalarized calling convention.
+    if (scalar_super) {
+      // Found non-scalar *and* scalar super methods. We can't handle both.
+      // Mark the scalar method as mismatch and re-compile call sites to use non-scalarized calling convention.
+      for (int i = 0; i < supers->length(); ++i) {
+        Method* super_method = supers->at(i);
+        if (super_method->is_scalarized_arg(arg_num) DEBUG_ONLY(|| (stress && (os::random() & 1) == 1))) {
+          JavaThread* thread = JavaThread::current();
+          HandleMark hm(thread);
+          methodHandle mh(thread, super_method);
+          DeoptimizationScope deopt_scope;
+          {
+            // Keep the lock scope minimal. Prevent interference with other
+            // dependency checks by setting mismatch and marking within the lock.
+            MutexLocker ml(Compile_lock, Mutex::_safepoint_check_flag);
+            super_method->set_mismatch();
+            CodeCache::mark_for_deoptimization(&deopt_scope, mh());
+          }
+          deopt_scope.deoptimize_marked();
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
 
- private:
+  return non_scalar_super;
+}
 
-  friend class SignatureIterator;  // so do_parameters_on can call do_type
-  void do_type(BasicType type) {
-    sig_bt[index++] = type;
-    if (type == T_LONG || type == T_DOUBLE) {
-      sig_bt[index++] = T_VOID; // Longs & doubles take 2 Java slots
+// Iterate over arguments and compute scalarized and non-scalarized signatures
+void CompiledEntrySignature::compute_calling_conventions(bool link_time) {
+  assert(JavaThread::current()->thread_state() != _thread_in_native, "must not be in native");
+  assert(link_time || (_method != nullptr && _method->adapter() != nullptr), "invariant");
+  bool has_scalarized = false;
+  if (_method != nullptr) {
+    InstanceKlass* holder = _method->method_holder();
+    int arg_num = 0;
+    if (!_method->is_static()) {
+      // We shouldn't scalarize 'this' in a value class constructor
+      if (holder->is_inline_klass() && InlineKlass::cast(holder)->can_be_passed_as_fields() &&
+          !_method->is_object_constructor() && (link_time || _method->is_scalarized_arg(arg_num))) {
+        _sig_cc->appendAll(InlineKlass::cast(holder)->extended_sig());
+        _sig_cc->insert_before(1, SigEntry(T_OBJECT, 0, nullptr, false, true)); // buffer argument
+        has_scalarized = true;
+        _has_inline_recv = true;
+        _num_inline_args++;
+      } else {
+        SigEntry::add_entry(_sig_cc, T_OBJECT, holder->name());
+      }
+      SigEntry::add_entry(_sig, T_OBJECT, holder->name());
+      SigEntry::add_entry(_sig_cc_ro, T_OBJECT, holder->name());
+      arg_num++;
+    }
+    for (SignatureStream ss(_method->signature()); !ss.at_return_type(); ss.next()) {
+      const BasicType bt = ss.type();
+      if (InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs && bt == T_OBJECT) {
+        InlineKlass* vk = ss.as_inline_klass(holder);
+        if (vk != nullptr && vk->can_be_passed_as_fields() && (link_time || _method->is_scalarized_arg(arg_num))) {
+          // Check for a calling convention mismatch with super method(s)
+          if (link_time && check_supers_and_deoptimize(arg_num)) {
+            // Fall back to non-scalarized calling convention
+            SigEntry::add_entry(_sig_cc, T_OBJECT, ss.as_symbol());
+            SigEntry::add_entry(_sig_cc_ro, T_OBJECT, ss.as_symbol());
+          } else {
+            _num_inline_args++;
+            has_scalarized = true;
+            int last = _sig_cc->length();
+            int last_ro = _sig_cc_ro->length();
+            _sig_cc->appendAll(vk->extended_sig());
+            _sig_cc_ro->appendAll(vk->extended_sig());
+            // buffer argument
+            _sig_cc->insert_before(last + 1, SigEntry(T_OBJECT, 0, nullptr, false, true));
+            _sig_cc_ro->insert_before(last_ro + 1, SigEntry(T_OBJECT, 0, nullptr, false, true));
+            // Insert InlineTypeNode::NullMarker field right after T_METADATA delimiter
+            _sig_cc->insert_before(last + 2, SigEntry(T_BOOLEAN, -1, nullptr, true, false));
+            _sig_cc_ro->insert_before(last_ro + 2, SigEntry(T_BOOLEAN, -1, nullptr, true, false));
+          }
+        } else {
+          SigEntry::add_entry(_sig_cc, T_OBJECT, ss.as_symbol());
+          SigEntry::add_entry(_sig_cc_ro, T_OBJECT, ss.as_symbol());
+        }
+      } else {
+        SigEntry::add_entry(_sig_cc, ss.type(), ss.as_symbol());
+        SigEntry::add_entry(_sig_cc_ro, ss.type(), ss.as_symbol());
+      }
+      SigEntry::add_entry(_sig, bt, ss.as_symbol());
+      if (bt != T_VOID) {
+        arg_num++;
+      }
     }
   }
-};
 
+  // Compute the non-scalarized calling convention
+  _regs = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(VMRegPair, _sig->length());
+  _args_on_stack = SharedRuntime::java_calling_convention(_sig, _regs);
+
+  // Compute the scalarized calling conventions if there are scalarized inline types in the signature
+  if (has_scalarized && !_method->is_native()) {
+    _regs_cc = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(VMRegPair, _sig_cc->length());
+    _args_on_stack_cc = SharedRuntime::java_calling_convention(_sig_cc, _regs_cc);
+
+    _regs_cc_ro = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(VMRegPair, _sig_cc_ro->length());
+    _args_on_stack_cc_ro = SharedRuntime::java_calling_convention(_sig_cc_ro, _regs_cc_ro);
+
+    _c1_needs_stack_repair = (_args_on_stack_cc < _args_on_stack) || (_args_on_stack_cc_ro < _args_on_stack);
+    _c2_needs_stack_repair = (_args_on_stack_cc > _args_on_stack) || (_args_on_stack_cc > _args_on_stack_cc_ro);
+
+    // Upper bound on stack arguments to avoid hitting the argument limit and
+    // bailing out of compilation ("unsupported incoming calling sequence").
+    // TODO 8281260 We need a reasonable limit (flag?) here
+    if (MAX2(_args_on_stack_cc, _args_on_stack_cc_ro) <= 75) {
+      return; // Success
+    }
+  }
+
+  // No scalarized args
+  _sig_cc = _sig;
+  _regs_cc = _regs;
+  _args_on_stack_cc = _args_on_stack;
+
+  _sig_cc_ro = _sig;
+  _regs_cc_ro = _regs;
+  _args_on_stack_cc_ro = _args_on_stack;
+}
+
+void CompiledEntrySignature::initialize_from_fingerprint(AdapterFingerPrint* fingerprint) {
+  _has_inline_recv = fingerprint->has_ro_adapter();
+
+  int value_object_count = 0;
+  BasicType prev_bt = T_ILLEGAL;
+  bool has_scalarized_arguments = false;
+  bool long_prev = false;
+  int long_prev_offset = -1;
+  bool skipping_inline_recv = false;
+  bool receiver_handled = false;
+
+  fingerprint->iterate_args([&] (const AdapterFingerPrint::Element& arg) {
+    BasicType bt = arg.bt();
+    int offset = arg.offset();
+
+    if (long_prev) {
+      long_prev = false;
+      BasicType bt_to_add;
+      if (bt == T_VOID) {
+        bt_to_add = T_LONG;
+      } else {
+        bt_to_add = T_OBJECT;
+      }
+      if (value_object_count == 0) {
+        SigEntry::add_entry(_sig, bt_to_add);
+      }
+      assert(long_prev_offset != 0, "no buffer argument here");
+      SigEntry::add_entry(_sig_cc, bt_to_add, nullptr, long_prev_offset);
+      if (!skipping_inline_recv) {
+        SigEntry::add_entry(_sig_cc_ro, bt_to_add, nullptr, long_prev_offset);
+      }
+    }
+
+    switch (bt) {
+      case T_VOID:
+        if (prev_bt != T_LONG && prev_bt != T_DOUBLE) {
+          assert(InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, "unexpected end of inline type");
+          value_object_count--;
+          SigEntry::add_entry(_sig_cc, T_VOID, nullptr, offset);
+          if (!skipping_inline_recv) {
+            SigEntry::add_entry(_sig_cc_ro, T_VOID, nullptr, offset);
+          } else if (value_object_count == 0) {
+            skipping_inline_recv = false;
+          }
+          assert(value_object_count >= 0, "invalid value object count");
+        } else {
+          // Nothing to add for _sig: We already added an addition T_VOID in add_entry() when adding T_LONG or T_DOUBLE.
+        }
+        break;
+      case T_INT:
+      case T_FLOAT:
+      case T_DOUBLE:
+        if (value_object_count == 0) {
+          SigEntry::add_entry(_sig, bt);
+        }
+        SigEntry::add_entry(_sig_cc, bt, nullptr, offset);
+        if (!skipping_inline_recv) {
+          SigEntry::add_entry(_sig_cc_ro, bt, nullptr, offset);
+        }
+        break;
+      case T_LONG:
+        long_prev = true;
+        long_prev_offset = offset;
+        break;
+      case T_BOOLEAN:
+      case T_CHAR:
+      case T_BYTE:
+      case T_SHORT:
+      case T_OBJECT:
+      case T_ARRAY:
+        assert(value_object_count > 0, "must be value object field");
+        assert(offset != 0 || (bt == T_OBJECT && prev_bt == T_METADATA), "buffer input expected here");
+        SigEntry::add_entry(_sig_cc, bt, nullptr, offset, offset == -1, offset == 0);
+        if (!skipping_inline_recv) {
+          SigEntry::add_entry(_sig_cc_ro, bt, nullptr, offset, offset == -1, offset == 0);
+        }
+        break;
+      case T_METADATA:
+        assert(InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, "unexpected start of inline type");
+        if (value_object_count == 0) {
+          SigEntry::add_entry(_sig, T_OBJECT);
+        }
+        SigEntry::add_entry(_sig_cc, T_METADATA, nullptr, offset);
+        if (!skipping_inline_recv) {
+          if (!receiver_handled && _has_inline_recv && value_object_count == 0) {
+            SigEntry::add_entry(_sig_cc_ro, T_OBJECT);
+            skipping_inline_recv = true;
+            receiver_handled = true;
+          } else {
+            SigEntry::add_entry(_sig_cc_ro, T_METADATA, nullptr, offset);
+          }
+        }
+        value_object_count++;
+        has_scalarized_arguments = true;
+        break;
+      default: {
+        fatal("Unexpected BasicType: %s", basictype_to_str(bt));
+      }
+    }
+    prev_bt = bt;
+  });
+
+  if (long_prev) {
+    // If previous bt was T_LONG and we reached the end of the signature, we know that it must be a T_OBJECT.
+    SigEntry::add_entry(_sig, T_OBJECT);
+    SigEntry::add_entry(_sig_cc, T_OBJECT);
+    SigEntry::add_entry(_sig_cc_ro, T_OBJECT);
+  }
+  assert(value_object_count == 0, "invalid value object count");
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  if (_has_inline_recv) {
+    // In RO signatures, inline receivers must be represented as a single T_OBJECT
+    assert(_sig_cc_ro->length() >= 1, "sig_cc_ro must include receiver");
+    assert(_sig_cc_ro->at(0)._bt == T_OBJECT,
+           "sig_cc_ro must represent inline receiver as T_OBJECT");
+    assert(_sig_cc_ro->length() <= _sig_cc->length(),
+           "sig_cc_ro must not be longer than sig_cc");
+  }
+#endif
+
+  _regs = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(VMRegPair, _sig->length());
+  _args_on_stack = SharedRuntime::java_calling_convention(_sig, _regs);
+
+  // Compute the scalarized calling conventions if there are scalarized inline types in the signature
+  if (has_scalarized_arguments) {
+    _regs_cc = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(VMRegPair, _sig_cc->length());
+    _args_on_stack_cc = SharedRuntime::java_calling_convention(_sig_cc, _regs_cc);
+
+    _regs_cc_ro = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(VMRegPair, _sig_cc_ro->length());
+    _args_on_stack_cc_ro = SharedRuntime::java_calling_convention(_sig_cc_ro, _regs_cc_ro);
+
+    _c1_needs_stack_repair = (_args_on_stack_cc < _args_on_stack) || (_args_on_stack_cc_ro < _args_on_stack);
+    _c2_needs_stack_repair = (_args_on_stack_cc > _args_on_stack) || (_args_on_stack_cc > _args_on_stack_cc_ro);
+  } else {
+    // No scalarized args
+    _sig_cc = _sig;
+    _regs_cc = _regs;
+    _args_on_stack_cc = _args_on_stack;
+
+    _sig_cc_ro = _sig;
+    _regs_cc_ro = _regs;
+    _args_on_stack_cc_ro = _args_on_stack;
+  }
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  {
+    AdapterFingerPrint* compare_fp = AdapterFingerPrint::allocate(_sig_cc, _has_inline_recv);
+    assert(fingerprint->equals(compare_fp), "%s - %s", fingerprint->as_string(), compare_fp->as_string());
+    AdapterFingerPrint::deallocate(compare_fp);
+  }
+#endif
+}
 
 const char* AdapterHandlerEntry::_entry_names[] = {
   "i2c", "c2i", "c2i_unverified", "c2i_no_clinit_check"
 };
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
-void AdapterHandlerLibrary::verify_adapter_sharing(int total_args_passed, BasicType* sig_bt, AdapterHandlerEntry* cached_entry) {
+void AdapterHandlerLibrary::verify_adapter_sharing(CompiledEntrySignature& ces, AdapterHandlerEntry* cached_entry) {
   // we can only check for the same code if there is any
 #ifndef ZERO
-  AdapterHandlerEntry* comparison_entry = create_adapter(total_args_passed, sig_bt, true);
+  AdapterHandlerEntry* comparison_entry = create_adapter(ces, false, true);
   assert(comparison_entry->adapter_blob() == nullptr, "no blob should be created when creating an adapter for comparison");
   assert(comparison_entry->compare_code(cached_entry), "code must match");
   // Release the one just created
@@ -2670,7 +3162,7 @@ void AdapterHandlerLibrary::verify_adapter_sharing(int total_args_passed, BasicT
 #endif /* ASSERT*/
 
 AdapterHandlerEntry* AdapterHandlerLibrary::get_adapter(const methodHandle& method) {
-  assert(!method->is_abstract(), "abstract methods do not have adapters");
+  assert(!method->is_abstract() || InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, "abstract methods do not have adapters");
   // Use customized signature handler.  Need to lock around updates to
   // the _adapter_handler_table (it is not safe for concurrent readers
   // and a single writer: this could be fixed if it becomes a
@@ -2685,18 +3177,25 @@ AdapterHandlerEntry* AdapterHandlerLibrary::get_adapter(const methodHandle& meth
   ResourceMark rm;
   bool new_entry = false;
 
-  // Fill in the signature array, for the calling-convention call.
-  int total_args_passed = method->size_of_parameters(); // All args on stack
+  CompiledEntrySignature ces(method());
+  ces.compute_calling_conventions();
+  if (ces.has_scalarized_args()) {
+    if (!method->has_scalarized_args()) {
+      method->set_has_scalarized_args();
+    }
+    if (ces.c1_needs_stack_repair()) {
+      method->set_c1_needs_stack_repair();
+    }
+    if (ces.c2_needs_stack_repair() && !method->c2_needs_stack_repair()) {
+      method->set_c2_needs_stack_repair();
+    }
+  }
 
-  AdapterSignatureIterator si(method->signature(), method->constMethod()->fingerprint(),
-                              method->is_static(), total_args_passed);
-  assert(si.slots() == total_args_passed, "");
-  BasicType* sig_bt = si.basic_types();
   {
     MutexLocker mu(AdapterHandlerLibrary_lock);
 
     // Lookup method signature's fingerprint
-    entry = lookup(total_args_passed, sig_bt);
+    entry = lookup(ces.sig_cc(), ces.has_inline_recv());
 
     if (entry != nullptr) {
 #ifndef ZERO
@@ -2704,11 +3203,11 @@ AdapterHandlerEntry* AdapterHandlerLibrary::get_adapter(const methodHandle& meth
 #endif
 #ifdef ASSERT
       if (!entry->in_aot_cache() && VerifyAdapterSharing) {
-        verify_adapter_sharing(total_args_passed, sig_bt, entry);
+        verify_adapter_sharing(ces, entry);
       }
 #endif
     } else {
-      entry = create_adapter(total_args_passed, sig_bt);
+      entry = create_adapter(ces, /* allocate_code_blob */ true);
       if (entry != nullptr) {
         new_entry = true;
       }
@@ -2763,7 +3262,10 @@ void AdapterHandlerLibrary::address_to_offset(address entry_address[AdapterBlob:
                                               int entry_offset[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT]) {
   entry_offset[AdapterBlob::I2C] = 0;
   entry_offset[AdapterBlob::C2I] = entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I] - entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C];
+  entry_offset[AdapterBlob::C2I_Inline] = entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Inline] - entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C];
+  entry_offset[AdapterBlob::C2I_Inline_RO] = entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Inline_RO] - entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C];
   entry_offset[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified] = entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified] - entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C];
+  entry_offset[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified_Inline] = entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified_Inline] - entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C];
   if (entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check] == nullptr) {
     entry_offset[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check] = -1;
   } else {
@@ -2772,32 +3274,45 @@ void AdapterHandlerLibrary::address_to_offset(address entry_address[AdapterBlob:
 }
 
 bool AdapterHandlerLibrary::generate_adapter_code(AdapterHandlerEntry* handler,
-                                                  int total_args_passed,
-                                                  BasicType* sig_bt,
+                                                  CompiledEntrySignature& ces,
+                                                  bool allocate_code_blob,
                                                   bool is_transient) {
   if (log_is_enabled(Info, perf, class, link)) {
     ClassLoader::perf_method_adapters_count()->inc();
   }
 
 #ifndef ZERO
+  AdapterBlob* adapter_blob = nullptr;
   BufferBlob* buf = buffer_blob(); // the temporary code buffer in CodeCache
   CodeBuffer buffer(buf);
   short buffer_locs[20];
   buffer.insts()->initialize_shared_locs((relocInfo*)buffer_locs,
                                          sizeof(buffer_locs)/sizeof(relocInfo));
   MacroAssembler masm(&buffer);
-  VMRegPair stack_regs[16];
-  VMRegPair* regs = (total_args_passed <= 16) ? stack_regs : NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(VMRegPair, total_args_passed);
+  address entry_address[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT];
 
   // Get a description of the compiled java calling convention and the largest used (VMReg) stack slot usage
-  int comp_args_on_stack = SharedRuntime::java_calling_convention(sig_bt, regs, total_args_passed);
-  address entry_address[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT];
   SharedRuntime::generate_i2c2i_adapters(&masm,
-                                         total_args_passed,
-                                         comp_args_on_stack,
-                                         sig_bt,
-                                         regs,
-                                         entry_address);
+                                         ces.args_on_stack(),
+                                         ces.sig(),
+                                         ces.regs(),
+                                         ces.sig_cc(),
+                                         ces.regs_cc(),
+                                         ces.sig_cc_ro(),
+                                         ces.regs_cc_ro(),
+                                         entry_address,
+                                         adapter_blob,
+                                         allocate_code_blob);
+
+  if (ces.has_scalarized_args()) {
+    // Save a C heap allocated version of the scalarized signature and store it in the adapter
+    GrowableArray<SigEntry>* heap_sig = new (mtCode) GrowableArray<SigEntry>(ces.sig_cc()->length(), mtCode);
+    heap_sig->appendAll(ces.sig_cc());
+    handler->set_sig_cc(heap_sig);
+    heap_sig = new (mtCode) GrowableArray<SigEntry>(ces.sig_cc_ro()->length(), mtCode);
+    heap_sig->appendAll(ces.sig_cc_ro());
+    handler->set_sig_cc_ro(heap_sig);
+  }
   // On zero there is no code to save and no need to create a blob and
   // or relocate the handler.
   int entry_offset[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT];
@@ -2810,7 +3325,6 @@ bool AdapterHandlerLibrary::generate_adapter_code(AdapterHandlerEntry* handler,
     }
   }
 #endif
-  AdapterBlob* adapter_blob = AdapterBlob::create(&buffer, entry_offset);
   if (adapter_blob == nullptr) {
     // CodeCache is full, disable compilation
     // Ought to log this but compile log is only per compile thread
@@ -2837,12 +3351,17 @@ bool AdapterHandlerLibrary::generate_adapter_code(AdapterHandlerEntry* handler,
   return true;
 }
 
-AdapterHandlerEntry* AdapterHandlerLibrary::create_adapter(int total_args_passed,
-                                                           BasicType* sig_bt,
+AdapterHandlerEntry* AdapterHandlerLibrary::create_adapter(CompiledEntrySignature& ces,
+                                                           bool allocate_code_blob,
                                                            bool is_transient) {
-  AdapterFingerPrint* fp = AdapterFingerPrint::allocate(total_args_passed, sig_bt);
+  AdapterFingerPrint* fp = AdapterFingerPrint::allocate(ces.sig_cc(), ces.has_inline_recv());
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  // Verify that we can successfully restore the compiled entry signature object.
+  CompiledEntrySignature ces_verify;
+  ces_verify.initialize_from_fingerprint(fp);
+#endif
   AdapterHandlerEntry* handler = AdapterHandlerLibrary::new_entry(fp);
-  if (!generate_adapter_code(handler, total_args_passed, sig_bt, is_transient)) {
+  if (!generate_adapter_code(handler, ces, allocate_code_blob, is_transient)) {
     AdapterHandlerEntry::deallocate(handler);
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -2861,6 +3380,8 @@ void AdapterHandlerEntry::remove_unshareable_info() {
 #endif // ASSERT
    _adapter_blob = nullptr;
    _linked = false;
+   _sig_cc = nullptr;
+   _sig_cc_ro = nullptr;
 }
 
 class CopyAdapterTableToArchive : StackObj {
@@ -2940,13 +3461,30 @@ void AdapterHandlerEntry::link() {
       log_warning(aot)("Failed to link AdapterHandlerEntry (fp=%s) to its code in the AOT code cache", _fingerprint->as_basic_args_string());
       generate_code = true;
     }
+
+    if (get_sig_cc() == nullptr) {
+      // Calling conventions have to be regenerated at runtime and are accessed through method adapters,
+      // which are archived in the AOT code cache. If the adapters are not regenerated, the
+      // calling conventions should be regenerated here.
+      CompiledEntrySignature ces;
+      ces.initialize_from_fingerprint(_fingerprint);
+      if (ces.has_scalarized_args()) {
+        // Save a C heap allocated version of the scalarized signature and store it in the adapter
+        GrowableArray<SigEntry>* heap_sig = new (mtCode) GrowableArray<SigEntry>(ces.sig_cc()->length(), mtCode);
+        heap_sig->appendAll(ces.sig_cc());
+        set_sig_cc(heap_sig);
+        heap_sig = new (mtCode) GrowableArray<SigEntry>(ces.sig_cc_ro()->length(), mtCode);
+        heap_sig->appendAll(ces.sig_cc_ro());
+        set_sig_cc_ro(heap_sig);
+      }
+    }
   } else {
     generate_code = true;
   }
   if (generate_code) {
-    int nargs;
-    BasicType* bt = _fingerprint->as_basic_type(nargs);
-    if (!AdapterHandlerLibrary::generate_adapter_code(this, nargs, bt, /* is_transient */ false)) {
+    CompiledEntrySignature ces;
+    ces.initialize_from_fingerprint(_fingerprint);
+    if (!AdapterHandlerLibrary::generate_adapter_code(this, ces, true, false)) {
       // Don't throw exceptions during VM initialization because java.lang.* classes
       // might not have been initialized, causing problems when constructing the
       // Java exception object.
@@ -2984,19 +3522,32 @@ void AdapterHandlerLibrary::lookup_simple_adapters() {
   assert(!_aot_adapter_handler_table.empty(), "archived adapter handler table is empty");
 
   MutexLocker mu(AdapterHandlerLibrary_lock);
-  _no_arg_handler = lookup(0, nullptr);
-
-  BasicType obj_args[] = { T_OBJECT };
-  _obj_arg_handler = lookup(1, obj_args);
-
-  BasicType int_args[] = { T_INT };
-  _int_arg_handler = lookup(1, int_args);
-
-  BasicType obj_int_args[] = { T_OBJECT, T_INT };
-  _obj_int_arg_handler = lookup(2, obj_int_args);
-
-  BasicType obj_obj_args[] = { T_OBJECT, T_OBJECT };
-  _obj_obj_arg_handler = lookup(2, obj_obj_args);
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  CompiledEntrySignature no_args;
+  no_args.compute_calling_conventions();
+  _no_arg_handler = lookup(no_args.sig_cc(), no_args.has_inline_recv());
+
+  CompiledEntrySignature obj_args;
+  SigEntry::add_entry(obj_args.sig(), T_OBJECT);
+  obj_args.compute_calling_conventions();
+  _obj_arg_handler = lookup(obj_args.sig_cc(), obj_args.has_inline_recv());
+
+  CompiledEntrySignature int_args;
+  SigEntry::add_entry(int_args.sig(), T_INT);
+  int_args.compute_calling_conventions();
+  _int_arg_handler = lookup(int_args.sig_cc(), int_args.has_inline_recv());
+
+  CompiledEntrySignature obj_int_args;
+  SigEntry::add_entry(obj_int_args.sig(), T_OBJECT);
+  SigEntry::add_entry(obj_int_args.sig(), T_INT);
+  obj_int_args.compute_calling_conventions();
+  _obj_int_arg_handler = lookup(obj_int_args.sig_cc(), obj_int_args.has_inline_recv());
+
+  CompiledEntrySignature obj_obj_args;
+  SigEntry::add_entry(obj_obj_args.sig(), T_OBJECT);
+  SigEntry::add_entry(obj_obj_args.sig(), T_OBJECT);
+  obj_obj_args.compute_calling_conventions();
+  _obj_obj_arg_handler = lookup(obj_obj_args.sig_cc(), obj_obj_args.has_inline_recv());
 
   assert(_no_arg_handler != nullptr &&
          _obj_arg_handler != nullptr &&
@@ -3025,6 +3576,12 @@ AdapterHandlerEntry::~AdapterHandlerEntry() {
     AdapterFingerPrint::deallocate(_fingerprint);
     _fingerprint = nullptr;
   }
+  if (_sig_cc != nullptr) {
+    delete _sig_cc;
+  }
+  if (_sig_cc_ro != nullptr) {
+    delete _sig_cc_ro;
+  }
 #ifdef ASSERT
   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(_saved_code);
 #endif
@@ -3114,14 +3671,24 @@ void AdapterHandlerLibrary::create_native_wrapper(const methodHandle& method) {
       // Fill in the signature array, for the calling-convention call.
       const int total_args_passed = method->size_of_parameters();
 
+      BasicType stack_sig_bt[16];
       VMRegPair stack_regs[16];
+      BasicType* sig_bt = (total_args_passed <= 16) ? stack_sig_bt : NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(BasicType, total_args_passed);
       VMRegPair* regs = (total_args_passed <= 16) ? stack_regs : NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(VMRegPair, total_args_passed);
 
-      AdapterSignatureIterator si(method->signature(), method->constMethod()->fingerprint(),
-                              method->is_static(), total_args_passed);
-      BasicType* sig_bt = si.basic_types();
-      assert(si.slots() == total_args_passed, "");
-      BasicType ret_type = si.return_type();
+      int i = 0;
+      if (!method->is_static()) {  // Pass in receiver first
+        sig_bt[i++] = T_OBJECT;
+      }
+      SignatureStream ss(method->signature());
+      for (; !ss.at_return_type(); ss.next()) {
+        sig_bt[i++] = ss.type();  // Collect remaining bits of signature
+        if (ss.type() == T_LONG || ss.type() == T_DOUBLE) {
+          sig_bt[i++] = T_VOID;   // Longs & doubles take 2 Java slots
+        }
+      }
+      assert(i == total_args_passed, "");
+      BasicType ret_type = ss.type();
 
       // Now get the compiled-Java arguments layout.
       SharedRuntime::java_calling_convention(sig_bt, regs, total_args_passed);
@@ -3368,7 +3935,10 @@ void AdapterHandlerEntry::print_adapter_on(outputStream* st) const {
   if (adapter_blob() != nullptr) {
     st->print(" i2c: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(get_i2c_entry()));
     st->print(" c2i: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(get_c2i_entry()));
-    st->print(" c2iUV: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(get_c2i_unverified_entry()));
+    st->print(" c2iVE: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(get_c2i_inline_entry()));
+    st->print(" c2iVROE: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(get_c2i_inline_ro_entry()));
+    st->print(" c2iUE: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(get_c2i_unverified_entry()));
+    st->print(" c2iUVE: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(get_c2i_unverified_inline_entry()));
     if (get_c2i_no_clinit_check_entry() != nullptr) {
       st->print(" c2iNCI: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(get_c2i_no_clinit_check_entry()));
     }
@@ -3455,3 +4025,185 @@ void SharedRuntime::on_slowpath_allocation_exit(JavaThread* current) {
   BarrierSet *bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set();
   bs->on_slowpath_allocation_exit(current, new_obj);
 }
+
+// We are at a compiled code to interpreter call. We need backing
+// buffers for all inline type arguments. Allocate an object array to
+// hold them (convenient because once we're done with it we don't have
+// to worry about freeing it).
+oop SharedRuntime::allocate_inline_types_impl(JavaThread* current, methodHandle callee, bool allocate_receiver, bool from_c1, TRAPS) {
+  assert(InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, "no reason to call this");
+  ResourceMark rm;
+
+  // Retrieve arguments passed at the call
+  RegisterMap reg_map2(THREAD,
+                       RegisterMap::UpdateMap::include,
+                       RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::include,
+                       RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::skip);
+  frame stubFrame = THREAD->last_frame();
+  frame callerFrame = stubFrame.sender(&reg_map2);
+  if (from_c1) {
+    callerFrame = callerFrame.sender(&reg_map2);
+  }
+  int arg_size;
+  const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig = allocate_receiver ? callee->adapter()->get_sig_cc() : callee->adapter()->get_sig_cc_ro();
+  assert(sig != nullptr, "sig should never be null");
+  TempNewSymbol tmp_sig = SigEntry::create_symbol(sig);
+  VMRegPair* reg_pairs = find_callee_arguments(tmp_sig, false, false, &arg_size);
+
+  int nb_slots = 0;
+  InstanceKlass* holder = callee->method_holder();
+  allocate_receiver &= !callee->is_static() && holder->is_inline_klass() && callee->is_scalarized_arg(0);
+  if (allocate_receiver) {
+    nb_slots++;
+  }
+  int arg_num = callee->is_static() ? 0 : 1;
+  for (SignatureStream ss(callee->signature()); !ss.at_return_type(); ss.next()) {
+    BasicType bt = ss.type();
+    if (bt == T_OBJECT && callee->is_scalarized_arg(arg_num)) {
+      nb_slots++;
+    }
+    if (bt != T_VOID) {
+      arg_num++;
+    }
+  }
+  objArrayOop array_oop = nullptr;
+  objArrayHandle array;
+  arg_num = callee->is_static() ? 0 : 1;
+  int i = 0;
+  uint pos = 0;
+  uint depth = 0;
+  uint ignored = 0;
+  if (allocate_receiver) {
+    assert(sig->at(pos)._bt == T_METADATA, "scalarized value expected");
+    pos++;
+    ignored++;
+    depth++;
+    assert(sig->at(pos)._bt == T_OBJECT, "buffer argument");
+    uint reg_pos = 0;
+    assert(reg_pos < (uint)arg_size, "");
+    VMRegPair reg_pair = reg_pairs[reg_pos];
+    oop* buffer = callerFrame.oopmapreg_to_oop_location(reg_pair.first(), &reg_map2);
+    instanceHandle h_buffer(THREAD, (instanceOop)*buffer);
+    InlineKlass* vk = InlineKlass::cast(holder);
+    if (h_buffer.not_null()) {
+      assert(h_buffer->klass() == vk, "buffer not of expected class");
+    } else {
+      // Only allocate if buffer passed at the call is null
+      if (array_oop == nullptr) {
+        array_oop = oopFactory::new_objectArray(nb_slots, CHECK_NULL);
+        array = objArrayHandle(THREAD, array_oop);
+      }
+      oop res = vk->allocate_instance(CHECK_NULL);
+      array->obj_at_put(i, res);
+    }
+    i++;
+  }
+  for (SignatureStream ss(callee->signature()); !ss.at_return_type(); ss.next()) {
+    BasicType bt = ss.type();
+    if (bt == T_OBJECT && callee->is_scalarized_arg(arg_num)) {
+      while (true) {
+        BasicType bt = sig->at(pos)._bt;
+        if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+          depth++;
+          ignored++;
+          if (depth == 1) {
+            break;
+          }
+        } else if (bt == T_VOID && sig->at(pos - 1)._bt != T_LONG && sig->at(pos - 1)._bt != T_DOUBLE) {
+          ignored++;
+          depth--;
+        }
+        pos++;
+      }
+      pos++;
+      assert(sig->at(pos)._bt == T_OBJECT, "buffer argument expected");
+      uint reg_pos = pos - ignored;
+      assert(reg_pos < (uint)arg_size, "out of bound register?");
+      VMRegPair reg_pair = reg_pairs[reg_pos];
+      oop* buffer = callerFrame.oopmapreg_to_oop_location(reg_pair.first(), &reg_map2);
+      instanceHandle h_buffer(THREAD, (instanceOop)*buffer);
+      InlineKlass* vk = ss.as_inline_klass(holder);
+      assert(vk != nullptr, "Unexpected klass");
+      if (h_buffer.not_null()) {
+        assert(h_buffer->klass() == vk, "buffer not of expected class");
+      } else {
+        // Only allocate if buffer passed at the call is null
+        if (array_oop == nullptr) {
+          array_oop = oopFactory::new_objectArray(nb_slots, CHECK_NULL);
+          array = objArrayHandle(THREAD, array_oop);
+        }
+        oop res = vk->allocate_instance(CHECK_NULL);
+        array->obj_at_put(i, res);
+      }
+      i++;
+    }
+    if (bt != T_VOID) {
+      arg_num++;
+    }
+  }
+  return array();
+}
+
+JRT_ENTRY(void, SharedRuntime::allocate_inline_types(JavaThread* current, Method* callee_method, bool allocate_receiver))
+  methodHandle callee(current, callee_method);
+  oop array = SharedRuntime::allocate_inline_types_impl(current, callee, allocate_receiver, false, CHECK);
+  current->set_vm_result_oop(array);
+JRT_END
+
+// We've returned to an interpreted method, the interpreter needs a
+// reference to an inline type instance. Allocate it and initialize it
+// from field's values in registers.
+JRT_BLOCK_ENTRY(void, SharedRuntime::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(JavaThread* current, intptr_t res))
+{
+  if (!is_set_nth_bit(res, 0)) {
+    // We're not returning with inline type fields in registers (the
+    // calling convention didn't allow it for this inline klass)
+    assert(!Metaspace::contains((void*)res), "should be oop or pointer in buffer area");
+    current->set_vm_result_oop((oopDesc*)res);
+    current->set_vm_result_metadata(nullptr);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  clear_nth_bit(res, 0);
+  InlineKlass* vk = (InlineKlass*)res;
+  assert(Metaspace::contains((void*)res), "should be klass");
+
+  if (!vk->contains_oops()) {
+    // No oop fields. Initialize the fields by calling the pack handler from
+    // the stub which is much faster (see 'generate_return_value_stub').
+    // Signal this by setting the metadata result to the value klass.
+    JRT_BLOCK;
+    {
+      oop vt = vk->allocate_instance(CHECK);
+      current->set_vm_result_oop(vt);
+      current->set_vm_result_metadata(vk);
+    }
+    JRT_BLOCK_END;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  RegisterMap reg_map(current,
+                      RegisterMap::UpdateMap::include,
+                      RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::include,
+                      RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::skip);
+  frame stubFrame = current->last_frame();
+  stubFrame.sender(&reg_map);
+
+  assert(vk == InlineKlass::returned_inline_klass(reg_map), "broken calling convention");
+
+  // Allocate handles for every oop field so they are safe in case of
+  // a safepoint when allocating
+  GrowableArray<Handle> handles;
+  vk->save_oop_fields(reg_map, handles);
+
+  // It's unsafe to safepoint until we are here
+  JRT_BLOCK;
+  {
+    oop vt = vk->realloc_result(reg_map, handles, CHECK);
+    current->set_vm_result_oop(vt);
+    current->set_vm_result_metadata(nullptr);
+  }
+  JRT_BLOCK_END;
+}
+JRT_END
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp
index a026a4b7d69..e930dbc5f6f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp
@@ -25,12 +25,14 @@
 #ifndef SHARE_RUNTIME_SHAREDRUNTIME_HPP
 #define SHARE_RUNTIME_SHAREDRUNTIME_HPP
 
+#include "asm/codeBuffer.hpp"
 #include "code/codeBlob.hpp"
 #include "code/vmreg.hpp"
 #include "interpreter/linkResolver.hpp"
 #include "memory/allStatic.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "runtime/safepointVerifiers.hpp"
+#include "runtime/signature.hpp"
 #include "runtime/stubInfo.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 
@@ -39,6 +41,7 @@ class AdapterFingerPrint;
 class MetaspaceClosure;
 class SerializeClosure;
 class vframeStream;
+class SigEntry;
 
 // Runtime is the base class for various runtime interfaces
 // (InterpreterRuntime, CompilerRuntime, etc.). It provides
@@ -92,6 +95,7 @@ class SharedRuntime: AllStatic {
   static SafepointBlob* generate_handler_blob(StubId id, address call_ptr);
   static RuntimeStub*   generate_resolve_blob(StubId id, address destination);
   static RuntimeStub*   generate_throw_exception(StubId id, address runtime_entry);
+  static RuntimeStub*   generate_return_value_stub(address destination);
  public:
   static void generate_initial_stubs(void);
   static void generate_stubs(void);
@@ -297,6 +301,12 @@ class SharedRuntime: AllStatic {
     return _throw_delayed_StackOverflowError_blob->entry_point();
   }
 
+  // Value types
+  static address store_inline_type_fields_to_buf_entry()   {
+    assert(_store_inline_type_fields_to_buf_blob != nullptr, "");
+    return _store_inline_type_fields_to_buf_blob->entry_point();
+  }
+
 #if INCLUDE_JFR
   static address jfr_write_checkpoint() {
     assert(_jfr_write_checkpoint_blob != nullptr, "");
@@ -368,9 +378,11 @@ class SharedRuntime: AllStatic {
   //
   static char* generate_class_cast_message(Klass* caster_klass, Klass* target_klass, Symbol* target_klass_name = nullptr);
 
+  static char* generate_identity_exception_message(JavaThread* thr, Klass* klass);
+
   // Resolves a call site- may patch in the destination of the call into the
   // compiled code.
-  static methodHandle resolve_helper(bool is_virtual, bool is_optimized, TRAPS);
+  static methodHandle resolve_helper(bool is_virtual, bool is_optimized, bool& caller_does_not_scalarize, TRAPS);
 
  private:
   // deopt blob
@@ -380,14 +392,14 @@ class SharedRuntime: AllStatic {
   static DeoptimizationBlob* deopt_blob(void)      { return _deopt_blob; }
 
   // Resets a call-site in compiled code so it will get resolved again.
-  static methodHandle reresolve_call_site(TRAPS);
+  static methodHandle reresolve_call_site(bool& is_optimized, bool& caller_does_not_scalarize, TRAPS);
 
   // In the code prolog, if the klass comparison fails, the inline cache
   // misses and the call site is patched to megamorphic
-  static methodHandle handle_ic_miss_helper(TRAPS);
+  static methodHandle handle_ic_miss_helper(bool& caller_does_not_scalarize, TRAPS);
 
   // Find the method that called us.
-  static methodHandle find_callee_method(TRAPS);
+  static methodHandle find_callee_method(bool& caller_does_not_scalarize, TRAPS);
 
   static void monitor_enter_helper(oopDesc* obj, BasicLock* lock, JavaThread* thread);
 
@@ -415,6 +427,14 @@ class SharedRuntime: AllStatic {
   // 4-bytes higher.
   // return value is the maximum number of VMReg stack slots the convention will use.
   static int java_calling_convention(const BasicType* sig_bt, VMRegPair* regs, int total_args_passed);
+  static int java_calling_convention(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, VMRegPair* regs) {
+    BasicType* sig_bt = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(BasicType, sig->length());
+    int total_args_passed = SigEntry::fill_sig_bt(sig, sig_bt);
+    return java_calling_convention(sig_bt, regs, total_args_passed);
+  }
+  static int java_return_convention(const BasicType* sig_bt, VMRegPair* regs, int total_args_passed);
+  static const uint java_return_convention_max_int;
+  static const uint java_return_convention_max_float;
 
   static void check_member_name_argument_is_last_argument(const methodHandle& method,
                                                           const BasicType* sig_bt,
@@ -461,17 +481,21 @@ class SharedRuntime: AllStatic {
   // pointer as needed. This means the i2c adapter code doesn't need any special
   // handshaking path with compiled code to keep the stack walking correct.
 
-  static void generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler *_masm,
+  static void generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler* _masm,
                                       int total_args_passed,
-                                      int max_arg,
-                                      const BasicType *sig_bt,
-                                      const VMRegPair *regs,
-                                      address entry_address[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT]);
+                                      const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig,
+                                      const VMRegPair* regs,
+                                      const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_cc,
+                                      const VMRegPair* regs_cc,
+                                      const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_cc_ro,
+                                      const VMRegPair* regs_cc_ro,
+                                      address entry_address[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT],
+                                      AdapterBlob*& new_adapter,
+                                      bool allocate_code_blob);
 
   static void gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *_masm,
-                              int total_args_passed,
                               int comp_args_on_stack,
-                              const BasicType *sig_bt,
+                              const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig,
                               const VMRegPair *regs);
 
   // OSR support
@@ -543,11 +567,15 @@ class SharedRuntime: AllStatic {
   static void complete_monitor_unlocking_C(oopDesc* obj, BasicLock* lock, JavaThread* current);
 
   // Resolving of calls
-  static address get_resolved_entry        (JavaThread* current, methodHandle callee_method);
+  static address get_resolved_entry        (JavaThread* current, methodHandle callee_method,
+                                            bool is_static_call, bool is_optimized, bool caller_does_not_scalarize);
   static address resolve_static_call_C     (JavaThread* current);
   static address resolve_virtual_call_C    (JavaThread* current);
   static address resolve_opt_virtual_call_C(JavaThread* current);
 
+  static void load_inline_type_fields_in_regs(JavaThread* current, oopDesc* res);
+  static void store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(JavaThread* current, intptr_t res);
+
   // arraycopy, the non-leaf version.  (See StubRoutines for all the leaf calls.)
   static void slow_arraycopy_C(oopDesc* src,  jint src_pos,
                                oopDesc* dest, jint dest_pos,
@@ -558,9 +586,12 @@ class SharedRuntime: AllStatic {
   static address handle_wrong_method(JavaThread* current);
   static address handle_wrong_method_abstract(JavaThread* current);
   static address handle_wrong_method_ic_miss(JavaThread* current);
+  static void allocate_inline_types(JavaThread* current, Method* callee, bool allocate_receiver);
+  static oop allocate_inline_types_impl(JavaThread* current, methodHandle callee, bool allocate_receiver, bool from_c1, TRAPS);
 
   static address handle_unsafe_access(JavaThread* thread, address next_pc);
 
+  static BufferedInlineTypeBlob* generate_buffered_inline_type_adapter(const InlineKlass* vk);
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 
   // Collect and print inline cache miss statistics
@@ -699,7 +730,7 @@ class AdapterHandlerEntry : public MetaspaceObj {
   friend class AdapterHandlerLibrary;
 
  public:
-  static const int ENTRIES_COUNT = 4;
+  static const int ENTRIES_COUNT = 7;
 
  private:
   AdapterFingerPrint* _fingerprint;
@@ -709,6 +740,10 @@ class AdapterHandlerEntry : public MetaspaceObj {
 
   static const char *_entry_names[];
 
+  // Support for scalarized inline type calling convention
+  const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* _sig_cc;
+  const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* _sig_cc_ro;
+
 #ifdef ASSERT
   // Captures code and signature used to generate this adapter when
   // verifying adapter equivalence.
@@ -720,7 +755,9 @@ class AdapterHandlerEntry : public MetaspaceObj {
     _fingerprint(fingerprint),
     _adapter_blob(nullptr),
     _id(id),
-    _linked(false)
+    _linked(false),
+    _sig_cc(nullptr),
+    _sig_cc_ro(nullptr)
 #ifdef ASSERT
     , _saved_code(nullptr),
     _saved_code_length(0)
@@ -771,6 +808,24 @@ class AdapterHandlerEntry : public MetaspaceObj {
 #endif // ZERO
   }
 
+  address get_c2i_inline_entry() const {
+#ifndef ZERO
+    assert(_adapter_blob != nullptr, "must be");
+    return _adapter_blob->c2i_inline_entry();
+#else
+    return nullptr;
+#endif // ZERO
+  }
+
+  address get_c2i_inline_ro_entry() const {
+#ifndef ZERO
+    assert(_adapter_blob != nullptr, "must be");
+    return _adapter_blob->c2i_inline_ro_entry();
+#else
+    return nullptr;
+#endif // ZERO
+  }
+
   address get_c2i_unverified_entry() const {
 #ifndef ZERO
     assert(_adapter_blob != nullptr, "must be");
@@ -780,6 +835,15 @@ class AdapterHandlerEntry : public MetaspaceObj {
 #endif // ZERO
   }
 
+  address get_c2i_unverified_inline_entry() const {
+#ifndef ZERO
+    assert(_adapter_blob != nullptr, "must be");
+    return _adapter_blob->c2i_unverified_inline_entry();
+#else
+    return nullptr;
+#endif // ZERO
+  }
+
   address get_c2i_no_clinit_check_entry()  const {
 #ifndef ZERO
     assert(_adapter_blob != nullptr, "must be");
@@ -792,6 +856,18 @@ class AdapterHandlerEntry : public MetaspaceObj {
   AdapterBlob* adapter_blob() const { return _adapter_blob; }
   bool is_linked() const { return _linked; }
 
+  // Support for scalarized inline type calling convention
+  void set_sig_cc(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig) {
+    assert(_sig_cc == nullptr, "Already initialized");
+    _sig_cc = sig;
+  }
+  const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* get_sig_cc() const { return _sig_cc; }
+  void set_sig_cc_ro(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig) {
+    assert(_sig_cc_ro == nullptr, "Already initialized");
+    _sig_cc_ro = sig;
+  }
+  const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* get_sig_cc_ro() const { return _sig_cc_ro; }
+
   uint id() const { return _id; }
   AdapterFingerPrint* fingerprint() const { return _fingerprint; }
 
@@ -816,6 +892,8 @@ class AdapterHandlerEntry : public MetaspaceObj {
 class ArchivedAdapterTable;
 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS
 
+class CompiledEntrySignature;
+
 class AdapterHandlerLibrary: public AllStatic {
   friend class SharedRuntime;
  private:
@@ -834,8 +912,8 @@ class AdapterHandlerLibrary: public AllStatic {
   static void initialize();
   static AdapterHandlerEntry* get_simple_adapter(const methodHandle& method);
   static void lookup_aot_cache(AdapterHandlerEntry* handler);
-  static AdapterHandlerEntry* create_adapter(int total_args_passed,
-                                             BasicType* sig_bt,
+  static AdapterHandlerEntry* create_adapter(CompiledEntrySignature& ces,
+                                             bool allocate_code_blob,
                                              bool is_transient = false);
   static void lookup_simple_adapters() NOT_CDS_RETURN;
 #ifndef PRODUCT
@@ -846,14 +924,14 @@ class AdapterHandlerLibrary: public AllStatic {
   static AdapterHandlerEntry* new_entry(AdapterFingerPrint* fingerprint);
   static void create_native_wrapper(const methodHandle& method);
   static AdapterHandlerEntry* get_adapter(const methodHandle& method);
-  static AdapterHandlerEntry* lookup(int total_args_passed, BasicType* sig_bt);
+  static AdapterHandlerEntry* lookup(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, bool has_ro_adapter = false);
   static bool generate_adapter_code(AdapterHandlerEntry* handler,
-                                    int total_args_passed,
-                                    BasicType* sig_bt,
+                                    CompiledEntrySignature& ces,
+                                    bool allocate_code_blob,
                                     bool is_transient);
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
-  static void verify_adapter_sharing(int total_args_passed, BasicType* sig_bt, AdapterHandlerEntry* cached);
+  static void verify_adapter_sharing(CompiledEntrySignature& ces, AdapterHandlerEntry* cached_entry);
 #endif // ASSERT
 
   static void print_handler(const CodeBlob* b) { print_handler_on(tty, b); }
@@ -871,4 +949,65 @@ class AdapterHandlerLibrary: public AllStatic {
   static void address_to_offset(address entry_address[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT], int entry_offset[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT]);
 };
 
+// Utility class for computing the calling convention of the 3 types
+// of compiled method entries:
+//     Method::_from_compiled_entry               - sig_cc
+//     Method::_from_compiled_inline_ro_entry     - sig_cc_ro
+//     Method::_from_compiled_inline_entry        - sig
+class CompiledEntrySignature : public StackObj {
+private:
+  Method* _method;
+  int  _num_inline_args;
+  bool _has_inline_recv;
+  GrowableArray<SigEntry>* _sig;
+  GrowableArray<SigEntry>* _sig_cc;
+  GrowableArray<SigEntry>* _sig_cc_ro;
+  VMRegPair* _regs;
+  VMRegPair* _regs_cc;
+  VMRegPair* _regs_cc_ro;
+
+  int _args_on_stack;
+  int _args_on_stack_cc;
+  int _args_on_stack_cc_ro;
+
+  bool _c1_needs_stack_repair;
+  bool _c2_needs_stack_repair;
+
+  GrowableArray<Method*>* _supers;
+  GrowableArray<Method*>* get_supers();
+  bool check_supers_and_deoptimize(int arg_num);
+
+public:
+  Method* method()                     const { return _method; }
+
+  // Used by Method::_from_compiled_inline_entry
+  GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig()       const { return _sig; }
+
+  // Used by Method::_from_compiled_entry
+  GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_cc()    const { return _sig_cc; }
+
+  // Used by Method::_from_compiled_inline_ro_entry
+  GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_cc_ro() const { return _sig_cc_ro; }
+
+  VMRegPair* regs()                    const { return _regs; }
+  VMRegPair* regs_cc()                 const { return _regs_cc; }
+  VMRegPair* regs_cc_ro()              const { return _regs_cc_ro; }
+
+  int args_on_stack()                  const { return _args_on_stack; }
+  int args_on_stack_cc()               const { return _args_on_stack_cc; }
+  int args_on_stack_cc_ro()            const { return _args_on_stack_cc_ro; }
+
+  int  num_inline_args()               const { return _num_inline_args; }
+  bool has_inline_recv()               const { return _has_inline_recv; }
+
+  bool has_scalarized_args()           const { return _sig != _sig_cc; }
+  bool c1_needs_stack_repair()         const { return _c1_needs_stack_repair; }
+  bool c2_needs_stack_repair()         const { return _c2_needs_stack_repair; }
+  CodeOffsets::Entries c1_inline_ro_entry_type() const;
+
+  CompiledEntrySignature(Method* method = nullptr);
+  void compute_calling_conventions(bool link_time = true);
+  void initialize_from_fingerprint(AdapterFingerPrint* fingerprint);
+};
+
 #endif // SHARE_RUNTIME_SHAREDRUNTIME_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/signature.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/signature.cpp
index 044319d1752..4be98d94f5c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/signature.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/signature.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
@@ -36,6 +37,7 @@
 #include "oops/typeArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/safepointVerifiers.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "runtime/signature.hpp"
@@ -499,6 +501,21 @@ Symbol* SignatureStream::find_symbol() {
   return name;
 }
 
+InlineKlass* SignatureStream::as_inline_klass(InstanceKlass* holder) {
+  assert(InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs || InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, "Not needed");
+  ThreadInVMfromUnknown tiv;
+  JavaThread* THREAD = JavaThread::current();
+  HandleMark hm(THREAD);
+  Handle class_loader(THREAD, holder->class_loader());
+  Klass* k = as_klass(class_loader, SignatureStream::CachedOrNull, THREAD);
+  assert(!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION, "Should never throw");
+  if (k != nullptr && k->is_inline_klass()) {
+    return InlineKlass::cast(k);
+  } else {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+}
+
 Klass* SignatureStream::as_klass(Handle class_loader, FailureMode failure_mode, TRAPS) {
   if (!is_reference()) {
     return nullptr;
@@ -592,7 +609,7 @@ bool signature_constants_sane() {
   return true;
 }
 
-bool SignatureVerifier::is_valid_method_signature(Symbol* sig) {
+bool SignatureVerifier::is_valid_method_signature(const Symbol* sig) {
   const char* method_sig = (const char*)sig->bytes();
   ssize_t len = sig->utf8_length();
   ssize_t index = 0;
@@ -615,7 +632,7 @@ bool SignatureVerifier::is_valid_method_signature(Symbol* sig) {
   return false;
 }
 
-bool SignatureVerifier::is_valid_type_signature(Symbol* sig) {
+bool SignatureVerifier::is_valid_type_signature(const Symbol* sig) {
   const char* type_sig = (const char*)sig->bytes();
   ssize_t len = sig->utf8_length();
   return (type_sig != nullptr && len >= 1 &&
@@ -662,3 +679,68 @@ ssize_t SignatureVerifier::is_valid_type(const char* type, ssize_t limit) {
 }
 
 #endif // ASSERT
+
+// Adds an argument to the signature
+void SigEntry::add_entry(GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, BasicType bt, Symbol* name, int offset, bool null_marker, bool vt_oop) {
+  sig->append(SigEntry(bt, offset, name, null_marker, vt_oop));
+  if (bt == T_LONG || bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+    sig->append(SigEntry(T_VOID, offset, name, false, false)); // Longs and doubles take two stack slots
+  }
+}
+void SigEntry::add_null_marker(GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, Symbol* name, int offset) {
+  sig->append(SigEntry(T_BOOLEAN, offset, name, true, false));
+}
+
+// Returns true if the argument at index 'i' is not an inline type delimiter
+bool SigEntry::skip_value_delimiters(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int i) {
+  return (sig->at(i)._bt != T_METADATA &&
+          (sig->at(i)._bt != T_VOID || sig->at(i-1)._bt == T_LONG || sig->at(i-1)._bt == T_DOUBLE));
+}
+
+// Fill basic type array from signature array
+int SigEntry::fill_sig_bt(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, BasicType* sig_bt) {
+  int count = 0;
+  for (int i = 0; i < sig->length(); i++) {
+    if (skip_value_delimiters(sig, i)) {
+      sig_bt[count++] = sig->at(i)._bt;
+    }
+  }
+  return count;
+}
+
+// Create a temporary symbol from the signature array
+TempNewSymbol SigEntry::create_symbol(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig) {
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  int length = sig->length();
+  char* sig_str = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, 2*length + 3);
+  int idx = 0;
+  sig_str[idx++] = '(';
+  for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+    BasicType bt = sig->at(i)._bt;
+    if (bt == T_METADATA || bt == T_VOID) {
+      // Ignore
+    } else {
+      if (bt == T_ARRAY) {
+        bt = T_OBJECT; // We don't know the element type, treat as Object
+      }
+      sig_str[idx++] = type2char(bt);
+      if (bt == T_OBJECT) {
+        sig_str[idx++] = ';';
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  sig_str[idx++] = ')';
+  // Add a dummy return type. It won't be used but SignatureStream needs it.
+  sig_str[idx++] = 'V';
+  sig_str[idx++] = '\0';
+  return SymbolTable::new_symbol(sig_str);
+}
+
+void SigEntry::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
+  st->print("SigEntry: type=%d offset=%d null_marker=%d ", _bt, _offset, _null_marker);
+  if (_name != nullptr) {
+    _name->print_on(st);
+  } else {
+    st->print("name=nullptr");
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/signature.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/signature.hpp
index eddc21d2444..20154c9e1f9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/signature.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/signature.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2021, Azul Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #ifndef SHARE_RUNTIME_SIGNATURE_HPP
 #define SHARE_RUNTIME_SIGNATURE_HPP
 
+#include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.hpp"
 
@@ -563,9 +564,45 @@ class SignatureStream : public StackObj {
   // free-standing lookups (bring your own CL/PD pair)
   enum FailureMode { ReturnNull, NCDFError, CachedOrNull };
   Klass* as_klass(Handle class_loader, FailureMode failure_mode, TRAPS);
+  InlineKlass* as_inline_klass(InstanceKlass* holder);
   oop as_java_mirror(Handle class_loader, FailureMode failure_mode, TRAPS);
 };
 
+class SigEntry;
+class SigEntryFilter;
+typedef GrowableArrayFilterIterator<SigEntry, SigEntryFilter> ExtendedSignature;
+
+// Used for adapter generation. One SigEntry is used per element of
+// the signature of the method. Inline type arguments are treated
+// specially. See comment for InlineKlass::collect_fields().
+class SigEntry {
+ public:
+  BasicType _bt;      // Basic type of the argument
+  int _offset;        // Offset of the field in its value class holder for scalarized arguments (-1 otherwise). Used for packing and unpacking.
+  Symbol* _name;      // Symbol for printing
+  bool _null_marker;  // Is it a null marker? For printing
+  bool _vt_oop;       // Is it a possibly null buffer
+
+  SigEntry()
+    : _bt(T_ILLEGAL), _offset(-1), _name(nullptr), _null_marker(false), _vt_oop(false) {}
+
+  SigEntry(BasicType bt, int offset, Symbol* name, bool null_marker, bool vt_oop)
+    : _bt(bt), _offset(offset), _name(name), _null_marker(null_marker), _vt_oop(vt_oop) {}
+
+  static void add_entry(GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, BasicType bt, Symbol* name = nullptr, int offset = -1, bool null_marker = false, bool vt_oop = false);
+  static void add_null_marker(GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, Symbol* name, int offset);
+  static bool skip_value_delimiters(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int i);
+  static int fill_sig_bt(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, BasicType* sig_bt);
+  static TempNewSymbol create_symbol(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig);
+
+  void print_on(outputStream* st) const;
+};
+
+class SigEntryFilter {
+public:
+  bool operator()(const SigEntry& entry) { return entry._bt != T_METADATA && entry._bt != T_VOID; }
+};
+
 // Specialized SignatureStream: used for invoking SystemDictionary to either find
 //                              or resolve the underlying type when iterating over a
 //                              Java descriptor (or parts of it).
@@ -628,11 +665,11 @@ void SignatureIterator::do_parameters_on(T* callback) {
   }
 }
 
- #ifdef ASSERT
+#ifdef ASSERT
  class SignatureVerifier : public StackObj {
   public:
-    static bool is_valid_method_signature(Symbol* sig);
-    static bool is_valid_type_signature(Symbol* sig);
+    static bool is_valid_method_signature(const Symbol* sig);
+    static bool is_valid_type_signature(const Symbol* sig);
   private:
     static ssize_t is_valid_type(const char*, ssize_t);
 };
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/signature_cc.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/signature_cc.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5e511dff30d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/signature_cc.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_RUNTIME_SIGNATURE_CC_HPP
+#define SHARE_RUNTIME_SIGNATURE_CC_HPP
+
+#include "runtime/signature.hpp"
+
+// Stream that iterates over a scalarized signature
+class ScalarizedInlineArgsStream : public StackObj {
+  const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* _sig;
+  int _sig_idx;
+  const VMRegPair* _regs;
+  int _regs_count;
+  int _regs_idx;
+  int _depth;
+  const int _step;
+  DEBUG_ONLY(bool _finished);
+
+public:
+  ScalarizedInlineArgsStream(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, int sig_idx, VMRegPair* regs, int regs_count, int regs_idx, bool reverse = false)
+    : _sig(sig), _sig_idx(sig_idx), _regs(regs), _regs_count(regs_count), _regs_idx(regs_idx), _step(reverse ? -1 : 1) {
+    reset(sig_idx, regs_idx);
+  }
+
+  bool next(VMReg& reg, BasicType& bt) {
+    assert(!_finished, "sanity");
+    do {
+      _sig_idx += _step;
+      bt = _sig->at(_sig_idx)._bt;
+      if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+        _depth += _step;
+      } else if (bt == T_VOID &&
+                 _sig->at(_sig_idx-1)._bt != T_LONG &&
+                 _sig->at(_sig_idx-1)._bt != T_DOUBLE) {
+        _depth -= _step;
+      } else {
+        assert(_regs_idx >= 0 && _regs_idx < _regs_count, "out of bounds");
+        const VMRegPair pair = _regs[_regs_idx];
+        _regs_idx += _step;
+        reg = pair.first();
+        if (!reg->is_valid()) {
+          assert(!pair.second()->is_valid(), "must be invalid");
+        } else {
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+    } while (_depth != 0);
+
+    DEBUG_ONLY(_finished = true);
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  void reset(int sig_idx, int regs_idx) {
+    _sig_idx = sig_idx;
+    _regs_idx = regs_idx;
+    assert(_sig->at(_sig_idx)._bt == ((_step > 0) ? T_METADATA : T_VOID), "should be at inline type delimiter");
+    _depth = 1;
+    DEBUG_ONLY(_finished = false);
+  }
+
+  int sig_index()  { return _sig_idx;  }
+  int regs_index() { return _regs_idx; }
+};
+
+#endif // SHARE_RUNTIME_SIGNATURE_CC_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackChunkFrameStream.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackChunkFrameStream.hpp
index 921e44f3a3a..0993dc854fb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackChunkFrameStream.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackChunkFrameStream.hpp
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ class StackChunkFrameStream : public StackObj {
   intptr_t*        sp() const  { return _sp; }
   inline address   pc() const  { return get_pc(); }
   inline intptr_t* fp() const;
-  inline intptr_t* unextended_sp() const { return frame_kind == ChunkFrames::Mixed ? _unextended_sp : _sp; }
+  inline intptr_t* unextended_sp() const { return _unextended_sp; }
   inline address orig_pc() const;
 
   inline bool is_interpreted() const;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackChunkFrameStream.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackChunkFrameStream.inline.hpp
index e3696d03b4c..b799e424178 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackChunkFrameStream.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackChunkFrameStream.inline.hpp
@@ -61,8 +61,9 @@ StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::StackChunkFrameStream(stackChunkOop chunk) DE
   if (frame_kind == ChunkFrames::Mixed) {
     _unextended_sp = (!is_done() && is_interpreted()) ? unextended_sp_for_interpreter_frame() : _sp;
     assert(_unextended_sp >= _sp - frame::metadata_words, "");
+  } else {
+    _unextended_sp = _sp;
   }
-  DEBUG_ONLY(else _unextended_sp = nullptr;)
 
   if (is_stub()) {
     get_oopmap(pc(), 0);
@@ -86,8 +87,9 @@ StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::StackChunkFrameStream(stackChunkOop chunk, co
   if (frame_kind == ChunkFrames::Mixed) {
     _unextended_sp = f.unextended_sp();
     assert(_unextended_sp >= _sp - frame::metadata_words, "");
+  } else {
+    _unextended_sp = _sp;
   }
-  DEBUG_ONLY(else _unextended_sp = nullptr;)
   assert(_sp >= chunk->start_address(), "");
   assert(_sp <= chunk->end_address() + frame::metadata_words, "");
 
@@ -224,12 +226,22 @@ inline void StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::next(RegisterMapT* map, bool stop
       _sp = _unextended_sp + cb()->frame_size();
       if (_sp >= _end - frame::metadata_words) {
         _sp = _end;
+#ifndef ZERO
+      } else if (cb()->is_nmethod() && cb()->as_nmethod()->needs_stack_repair()) {
+        _sp = frame::repair_sender_sp(cb()->as_nmethod(), _unextended_sp, (intptr_t**)(_sp - frame::sender_sp_offset));
+#endif
       }
       _unextended_sp = is_interpreted() ? unextended_sp_for_interpreter_frame() : _sp;
     }
     assert(_unextended_sp >= _sp - frame::metadata_words, "");
   } else {
-    _sp += cb()->frame_size();
+    _sp = _unextended_sp + cb()->frame_size();
+#ifndef ZERO
+    if (cb()->is_nmethod() && cb()->as_nmethod()->needs_stack_repair()) {
+      _sp = frame::repair_sender_sp(cb()->as_nmethod(), _unextended_sp, (intptr_t**)(_sp - frame::sender_sp_offset));
+    }
+#endif
+    _unextended_sp = _sp;
   }
   assert(!is_interpreted() || _unextended_sp == unextended_sp_for_interpreter_frame(), "");
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackValue.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackValue.cpp
index fc810a1fa80..8b613ff7280 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackValue.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackValue.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -37,13 +37,6 @@
 class RegisterMap;
 class SmallRegisterMap;
 
-template StackValue* StackValue::create_stack_value(const frame* fr, const RegisterMap* reg_map, ScopeValue* sv);
-template StackValue* StackValue::create_stack_value(const frame* fr, const SmallRegisterMapNoArgs* reg_map, ScopeValue* sv);
-
-template<typename RegisterMapT>
-StackValue* StackValue::create_stack_value(const frame* fr, const RegisterMapT* reg_map, ScopeValue* sv) {
-  return create_stack_value(sv, stack_value_address(fr, reg_map, sv), reg_map);
-}
 
 static oop oop_from_oop_location(stackChunkOop chunk, void* addr) {
   if (addr == nullptr) {
@@ -144,8 +137,12 @@ StackValue* StackValue::create_stack_value_from_narrowOop_location(stackChunkOop
   return new StackValue(h);
 }
 
+template StackValue* StackValue::create_stack_value(const frame* fr, const RegisterMap* reg_map, ScopeValue* sv);
+template StackValue* StackValue::create_stack_value(const frame* fr, const SmallRegisterMapNoArgs* reg_map, ScopeValue* sv);
+
 template<typename RegisterMapT>
-StackValue* StackValue::create_stack_value(ScopeValue* sv, address value_addr, const RegisterMapT* reg_map) {
+StackValue* StackValue::create_stack_value(const frame* fr, const RegisterMapT* reg_map, ScopeValue* sv) {
+  address value_addr = stack_value_address(fr, reg_map, sv);
   stackChunkOop chunk = reg_map->stack_chunk()();
   if (sv->is_location()) {
     // Stack or register value
@@ -246,7 +243,16 @@ StackValue* StackValue::create_stack_value(ScopeValue* sv, address value_addr, c
   } else if (sv->is_object()) { // Scalar replaced object in compiled frame
     ObjectValue* ov = (ObjectValue *)sv;
     Handle hdl = ov->value();
-    return new StackValue(hdl, hdl.is_null() && ov->is_scalar_replaced() ? 1 : 0);
+    bool scalar_replaced = hdl.is_null() && ov->is_scalar_replaced();
+    if (ov->has_properties()) {
+      Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(ov->klass()->as_ConstantOopReadValue()->value()());
+      if (!k->is_array_klass()) {
+        // Don't treat inline type as scalar replaced if it is null
+        jint null_marker = StackValue::create_stack_value(fr, reg_map, ov->properties())->get_jint();
+        scalar_replaced &= (null_marker != 0);
+      }
+    }
+    return new StackValue(hdl, scalar_replaced ? 1 : 0);
   } else if (sv->is_marker()) {
     // Should never need to directly construct a marker.
     ShouldNotReachHere();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stubDeclarations.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stubDeclarations.hpp
index 5c3567eb0c0..c70adf819ca 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stubDeclarations.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stubDeclarations.hpp
@@ -107,6 +107,8 @@
   do_blob(throw_NullPointerException_at_call, RuntimeStub)             \
   do_blob(throw_StackOverflowError, RuntimeStub)                       \
   do_blob(throw_delayed_StackOverflowError, RuntimeStub)               \
+  /* value types stub */                                               \
+  do_blob(store_inline_type_fields_to_buf, RuntimeStub)                \
   /* other stubs */                                                    \
   SHARED_JFR_STUBS_DO(do_blob)                                         \
 
@@ -135,13 +137,21 @@
   do_blob(fast_new_instance_init_check)                                \
   do_blob(new_type_array)                                              \
   do_blob(new_object_array)                                            \
+  do_blob(new_null_free_array)                                         \
   do_blob(new_multi_array)                                             \
+  do_blob(load_flat_array)                                             \
+  do_blob(store_flat_array)                                            \
+  do_blob(substitutability_check)                                      \
+  do_blob(buffer_inline_args)                                          \
+  do_blob(buffer_inline_args_no_receiver)                              \
   do_blob(handle_exception_nofpu)         /* optimized version that does not preserve fpu registers */ \
   do_blob(handle_exception)                                            \
   do_blob(handle_exception_from_callee)                                \
   do_blob(throw_array_store_exception)                                 \
   do_blob(throw_class_cast_exception)                                  \
   do_blob(throw_incompatible_class_change_error)                       \
+  do_blob(throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception)                       \
+  do_blob(throw_identity_exception)                                    \
   do_blob(slow_subtype_check)                                          \
   do_blob(is_instance_of)                                              \
   do_blob(monitorenter)                                                \
@@ -229,6 +239,8 @@
   do_stub(rethrow, 2, true, true)                                      \
   do_stub(slow_arraycopy, 0, false, false)                             \
   do_stub(register_finalizer, 0, false, false)                         \
+  do_stub(load_unknown_inline, 0, true, false)                         \
+  do_stub(store_unknown_inline, 0, true, false)                        \
   do_stub(vthread_end_first_transition, 0, false, false)               \
   do_stub(vthread_start_final_transition, 0, false, false)             \
   do_stub(vthread_start_transition, 0, false, false)                   \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/synchronizer.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/synchronizer.cpp
index fa178dcb5a1..e5b70ebe426 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/synchronizer.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/synchronizer.cpp
@@ -315,6 +315,28 @@ jlong ObjectSynchronizer::_last_async_deflation_time_ns = 0;
 static uintx _no_progress_cnt = 0;
 static bool _no_progress_skip_increment = false;
 
+// These checks are required for wait, notify and exit to avoid inflating the monitor to
+// find out this inline type object cannot be locked.
+#define CHECK_THROW_NOSYNC_IMSE(obj)  \
+  if ((obj)->mark().is_inline_type()) {  \
+    /*
+     * A value object can never be synchronized upon. The error message we use
+     * here is (accurate and) consistent with the one we use for identity objects
+     * when the current thread isn't the owner of the monitor.
+     */ \
+    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalMonitorStateException(), "current thread is not owner"); \
+  }
+
+#define CHECK_THROW_NOSYNC_IMSE_0(obj)  \
+  if ((obj)->mark().is_inline_type()) {  \
+    /*
+     * A value object can never be synchronized upon. The error message we use
+     * here is (accurate and) consistent with the one we use for identity objects
+     * when the current thread isn't the owner of the monitor.
+     */ \
+    THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalMonitorStateException(), "current thread is not owner"); \
+  }
+
 // =====================> Quick functions
 
 // The quick_* forms are special fast-path variants used to improve
@@ -341,6 +363,7 @@ bool ObjectSynchronizer::quick_notify(oopDesc* obj, JavaThread* current, bool al
   assert(current->thread_state() == _thread_in_Java, "invariant");
   NoSafepointVerifier nsv;
   if (obj == nullptr) return false;  // slow-path for invalid obj
+  assert(!obj->klass()->is_inline_klass(), "monitor op on inline type");
   const markWord mark = obj->mark();
 
   if (mark.is_fast_locked() && current->lock_stack().contains(cast_to_oop(obj))) {
@@ -428,6 +451,7 @@ void ObjectSynchronizer::handle_sync_on_value_based_class(Handle obj, JavaThread
 // JNI locks on java objects
 // NOTE: must use heavy weight monitor to handle jni monitor enter
 void ObjectSynchronizer::jni_enter(Handle obj, JavaThread* current) {
+  JavaThread* THREAD = current;
   // Top native frames in the stack will not be seen if we attempt
   // preemption, since we start walking from the last Java anchor.
   NoPreemptMark npm(current);
@@ -436,6 +460,14 @@ void ObjectSynchronizer::jni_enter(Handle obj, JavaThread* current) {
     handle_sync_on_value_based_class(obj, current);
   }
 
+  if (obj->klass()->is_inline_klass()) {
+    ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+    stringStream ss;
+    ss.print("Cannot synchronize on an instance of value class %s",
+             obj->klass()->external_name());
+    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IdentityException(), ss.as_string());
+  }
+
   // the current locking is from JNI instead of Java code
   current->set_current_pending_monitor_is_from_java(false);
   // An async deflation can race after the inflate() call and before
@@ -453,6 +485,7 @@ void ObjectSynchronizer::jni_enter(Handle obj, JavaThread* current) {
 // NOTE: must use heavy weight monitor to handle jni monitor exit
 void ObjectSynchronizer::jni_exit(oop obj, TRAPS) {
   JavaThread* current = THREAD;
+  CHECK_THROW_NOSYNC_IMSE(obj);
 
   ObjectMonitor* monitor;
   monitor = ObjectSynchronizer::inflate_locked_or_imse(obj, inflate_cause_jni_exit, CHECK);
@@ -513,6 +546,7 @@ void ObjectLocker::wait_uninterruptibly(TRAPS) {
 
 int ObjectSynchronizer::wait(Handle obj, jlong millis, TRAPS) {
   JavaThread* current = THREAD;
+  CHECK_THROW_NOSYNC_IMSE_0(obj);
   if (millis < 0) {
     THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "timeout value is negative");
   }
@@ -542,6 +576,7 @@ void ObjectSynchronizer::waitUninterruptibly(Handle obj, jlong millis, TRAPS) {
 
 void ObjectSynchronizer::notify(Handle obj, TRAPS) {
   JavaThread* current = THREAD;
+  CHECK_THROW_NOSYNC_IMSE(obj);
 
   markWord mark = obj->mark();
   if ((mark.is_fast_locked() && current->lock_stack().contains(obj()))) {
@@ -555,6 +590,7 @@ void ObjectSynchronizer::notify(Handle obj, TRAPS) {
 // NOTE: see comment of notify()
 void ObjectSynchronizer::notifyall(Handle obj, TRAPS) {
   JavaThread* current = THREAD;
+  CHECK_THROW_NOSYNC_IMSE(obj);
 
   markWord mark = obj->mark();
   if ((mark.is_fast_locked() && current->lock_stack().contains(obj()))) {
@@ -640,6 +676,9 @@ static intptr_t get_next_hash(Thread* current, oop obj) {
 }
 
 intptr_t ObjectSynchronizer::FastHashCode(Thread* current, oop obj) {
+  // VM should be calling bootstrap method.
+  assert(!obj->klass()->is_inline_klass(), "FastHashCode should not be called for inline classes");
+
   while (true) {
     ObjectMonitor* monitor = nullptr;
     markWord temp, test;
@@ -738,6 +777,9 @@ intptr_t ObjectSynchronizer::FastHashCode(Thread* current, oop obj) {
 
 bool ObjectSynchronizer::current_thread_holds_lock(JavaThread* current,
                                                    Handle h_obj) {
+  if (h_obj->mark().is_inline_type()) {
+    return false;
+  }
   assert(current == JavaThread::current(), "Can only be called on current thread");
   oop obj = h_obj();
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/threads.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/threads.cpp
index 30bea6b8167..18eeaf9171a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/threads.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/threads.cpp
@@ -414,6 +414,7 @@ void Threads::initialize_java_lang_classes(JavaThread* main_thread, TRAPS) {
   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(), CHECK);
   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_StackOverflowError(), CHECK);
   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalMonitorStateException(), CHECK);
+  initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_IdentityException(), CHECK);
   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), CHECK);
   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), CHECK);
 }
@@ -1040,6 +1041,7 @@ jboolean Threads::is_supported_jni_version(jint version) {
   if (version == JNI_VERSION_20) return JNI_TRUE;
   if (version == JNI_VERSION_21) return JNI_TRUE;
   if (version == JNI_VERSION_24) return JNI_TRUE;
+  if (version == JNI_VERSION_28) return JNI_TRUE;
   return JNI_FALSE;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmOperation.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmOperation.hpp
index af9aa68c7ec..447c2a84ef2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmOperation.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmOperation.hpp
@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@
   template(GTestExecuteAtSafepoint)               \
   template(GTestStopSafepoint)                    \
   template(JFROldObject)                          \
+  template(ClassPrintLayout)                      \
   template(RendezvousGCThreads)                   \
   template(JFRInitializeCPUTimeSampler)           \
   template(JFRTerminateCPUTimeSampler)            \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmOperations.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmOperations.cpp
index 90666245c5e..50102a7fef8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmOperations.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmOperations.cpp
@@ -603,4 +603,8 @@ void VM_PrintCompileQueue::doit() {
 void VM_PrintClassHierarchy::doit() {
   KlassHierarchy::print_class_hierarchy(_out, _print_interfaces, _print_subclasses, _classname);
 }
+
+void VM_ClassPrintLayout::doit() {
+  ClassPrintLayout::class_print_layout(_out, _class_name);
+}
 #endif
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmOperations.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmOperations.hpp
index 86f77f44161..297f8719c07 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmOperations.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmOperations.hpp
@@ -274,6 +274,16 @@ class VM_PrintCompileQueue: public VM_Operation {
   void doit();
 };
 
+class VM_ClassPrintLayout: public VM_Operation {
+ private:
+  outputStream* _out;
+  char* _class_name;
+ public:
+  VM_ClassPrintLayout(outputStream* st, char* class_name): _out(st), _class_name(class_name) {}
+  VMOp_Type type() const { return VMOp_ClassPrintLayout; }
+  void doit();
+};
+
 #if INCLUDE_SERVICES
 class VM_PrintClassHierarchy: public VM_Operation {
  private:
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmStructs.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmStructs.cpp
index 3868510691a..aed1f89d1fa 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmStructs.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmStructs.cpp
@@ -60,6 +60,8 @@
 #include "oops/constMethod.hpp"
 #include "oops/cpCache.hpp"
 #include "oops/fieldInfo.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.hpp"
@@ -928,9 +930,12 @@
     declare_type(Metadata, MetaspaceObj)                                  \
     declare_type(Klass, Metadata)                                         \
            declare_type(ArrayKlass, Klass)                                \
-           declare_type(ObjArrayKlass, ArrayKlass)                        \
            declare_type(TypeArrayKlass, ArrayKlass)                       \
+           declare_type(ObjArrayKlass, ArrayKlass)                        \
+             declare_type(FlatArrayKlass, ArrayKlass)                     \
+             declare_type(RefArrayKlass, ArrayKlass)                      \
       declare_type(InstanceKlass, Klass)                                  \
+        declare_type(InlineKlass, InstanceKlass)                          \
         declare_type(InstanceClassLoaderKlass, InstanceKlass)             \
         declare_type(InstanceMirrorKlass, InstanceKlass)                  \
         declare_type(InstanceRefKlass, InstanceKlass)                     \
@@ -1408,7 +1413,7 @@
   declare_constant(Klass::_lh_header_size_mask)                           \
   declare_constant(Klass::_lh_array_tag_shift)                            \
   declare_constant(Klass::_lh_array_tag_type_value)                       \
-  declare_constant(Klass::_lh_array_tag_obj_value)                        \
+  declare_constant(Klass::_lh_array_tag_ref_value)                        \
                                                                           \
   declare_constant(Method::nonvirtual_vtable_index)                       \
   declare_constant(Method::extra_stack_entries_for_jsr292)                \
@@ -1519,6 +1524,9 @@
   declare_constant(FieldInfo::FieldFlags::_ff_generic)                    \
   declare_constant(FieldInfo::FieldFlags::_ff_stable)                     \
   declare_constant(FieldInfo::FieldFlags::_ff_contended)                  \
+  declare_constant(FieldInfo::FieldFlags::_ff_null_free_inline_type)      \
+  declare_constant(FieldInfo::FieldFlags::_ff_flat)                       \
+  declare_constant(FieldInfo::FieldFlags::_ff_null_marker)                \
                                                                           \
   /******************************/                                        \
   /* Debug info                 */                                        \
@@ -2130,3 +2138,4 @@ void vmStructs_init() {
   VMStructs::init();
 }
 #endif // ASSERT
+
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/services/diagnosticCommand.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/services/diagnosticCommand.cpp
index b9536b4bf20..a037050cc3b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/services/diagnosticCommand.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/services/diagnosticCommand.cpp
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiAgentList.hpp"
 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
@@ -118,6 +119,7 @@ void DCmd::register_dcmds() {
   DCmdFactory::register_DCmdFactory(new DCmdFactoryImpl<SymboltableDCmd>(full_export));
   DCmdFactory::register_DCmdFactory(new DCmdFactoryImpl<StringtableDCmd>(full_export));
   DCmdFactory::register_DCmdFactory(new DCmdFactoryImpl<metaspace::MetaspaceDCmd>(full_export));
+  DCmdFactory::register_DCmdFactory(new DCmdFactoryImpl<ClassPrintLayoutDCmd>(full_export));
   DCmdFactory::register_DCmdFactory(new DCmdFactoryImpl<EventLogDCmd>(full_export));
 #if INCLUDE_JVMTI // Both JVMTI and SERVICES have to be enabled to have this dcmd
   DCmdFactory::register_DCmdFactory(new DCmdFactoryImpl<JVMTIAgentLoadDCmd>(full_export));
@@ -432,7 +434,7 @@ void FinalizerInfoDCmd::execute(DCmdSource source, TRAPS) {
                          vmSymbols::get_finalizer_histogram_name(),
                          vmSymbols::void_finalizer_histogram_entry_array_signature(), CHECK);
 
-  objArrayOop result_oop = (objArrayOop) result.get_oop();
+  refArrayOop result_oop = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(result.get_oop());
   if (result_oop->length() == 0) {
     output()->print_cr("No instances waiting for finalization found");
     return;
@@ -943,7 +945,31 @@ void ClassHierarchyDCmd::execute(DCmdSource source, TRAPS) {
                                                _print_subclasses.value(), _classname.value());
   VMThread::execute(&printClassHierarchyOp);
 }
-#endif
+
+ClassPrintLayoutDCmd::ClassPrintLayoutDCmd(outputStream* output, bool heap) :
+                                       DCmdWithParser(output, heap),
+  _classname("classname", "Name of class whose layout should be printed. ",
+             "STRING", true) {
+  _dcmdparser.add_dcmd_argument(&_classname);
+}
+
+void ClassPrintLayoutDCmd::execute(DCmdSource source, TRAPS) {
+  VM_ClassPrintLayout classPrintLayoutOp(output(), _classname.value());
+  VMThread::execute(&classPrintLayoutOp);
+}
+
+int ClassPrintLayoutDCmd::num_arguments() {
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  ClassPrintLayoutDCmd* dcmd = new ClassPrintLayoutDCmd(nullptr, false);
+  if (dcmd != nullptr) {
+    DCmdMark mark(dcmd);
+    return dcmd->_dcmdparser.num_arguments();
+  } else {
+    return 0;
+  }
+}
+
+#endif // INCLUDE_SERVICES
 
 ClassesDCmd::ClassesDCmd(outputStream* output, bool heap) :
                                      DCmdWithParser(output, heap),
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/services/diagnosticCommand.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/services/diagnosticCommand.hpp
index b720871c389..7be85a58662 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/services/diagnosticCommand.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/services/diagnosticCommand.hpp
@@ -334,6 +334,26 @@ class ClassHierarchyDCmd : public DCmdWithParser {
   virtual void execute(DCmdSource source, TRAPS);
 };
 
+class ClassPrintLayoutDCmd : public DCmdWithParser {
+protected:
+  DCmdArgument<char*> _classname; // Class name whose layout should be printed.
+public:
+  ClassPrintLayoutDCmd(outputStream* output, bool heap);
+  static const char* name() {
+    return "VM.class_print_layout";
+  }
+  static const char* description() {
+    return "Print the layout of an instance of a class, including flat fields. "
+           "The name of each class is followed by the ClassLoaderData* of its ClassLoader, "
+           "or \"null\" if loaded by the bootstrap class loader.";
+  }
+  static const char* impact() {
+      return "Medium: Depends on number of loaded classes.";
+  }
+  static int num_arguments();
+  virtual void execute(DCmdSource source, TRAPS);
+};
+
 #if INCLUDE_CDS
 class AOTEndRecordingDCmd : public DCmd {
 public:
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/services/heapDumper.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/services/heapDumper.cpp
index c850a3a711f..e2364e1f4b0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/services/heapDumper.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/services/heapDumper.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2023, Alibaba Group Holding Limited. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -38,12 +38,16 @@
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
+#include "runtime/atomicAccess.hpp"
 #include "runtime/continuationWrapper.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
@@ -437,6 +441,7 @@ class AbstractDumpWriter : public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
   void write_u4(u4 x);
   void write_u8(u8 x);
   void write_objectID(oop o);
+  void write_objectID(uintptr_t id);
   void write_rootID(oop* p);
   void write_symbolID(Symbol* o);
   void write_classID(Klass* k);
@@ -523,6 +528,10 @@ void AbstractDumpWriter::write_objectID(oop o) {
   write_address(cast_from_oop<address>(o));
 }
 
+void AbstractDumpWriter::write_objectID(uintptr_t id) {
+  write_address((address)id);
+}
+
 void AbstractDumpWriter::write_rootID(oop* p) {
   write_address((address)p);
 }
@@ -728,6 +737,8 @@ void DumpWriter::do_compress() {
 
 class DumperClassCacheTable;
 class DumperClassCacheTableEntry;
+class DumperFlatObject;
+class DumperFlatObjectList;
 
 // Support class with a collection of functions used when dumping the heap
 class DumperSupport : AllStatic {
@@ -744,7 +755,7 @@ class DumperSupport : AllStatic {
   static u4 sig2size(Symbol* sig);
 
   // returns the size of the instance of the given class
-  static u4 instance_size(InstanceKlass* ik, DumperClassCacheTableEntry* class_cache_entry = nullptr);
+  static u4 instance_size(InstanceKlass* ik);
 
   // dump a jfloat
   static void dump_float(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, jfloat f);
@@ -756,21 +767,23 @@ class DumperSupport : AllStatic {
   static u4 get_static_fields_size(InstanceKlass* ik, u2& field_count);
   // dumps static fields of the given class
   static void dump_static_fields(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, Klass* k);
-  // dump the raw values of the instance fields of the given object
-  static void dump_instance_fields(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, oop o, DumperClassCacheTableEntry* class_cache_entry);
+  // dump the raw values of the instance fields of the given object, fills flat_fields
+  static void dump_instance_fields(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, oop o, int offset,
+                                   DumperClassCacheTableEntry* class_cache_entry, DumperFlatObjectList* flat_fields);
   // get the count of the instance fields for a given class
   static u2 get_instance_fields_count(InstanceKlass* ik);
   // dumps the definition of the instance fields for a given class
-  static void dump_instance_field_descriptors(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, Klass* k);
-  // creates HPROF_GC_INSTANCE_DUMP record for the given object
-  static void dump_instance(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, oop o, DumperClassCacheTable* class_cache);
+  static void dump_instance_field_descriptors(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, InstanceKlass* k);
+  // creates HPROF_GC_INSTANCE_DUMP record for the given object, fills flat_fields
+  static void dump_instance(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, uintptr_t id, oop o, int offset, InstanceKlass* ik,
+                            DumperClassCacheTable* class_cache, DumperFlatObjectList* flat_fields);
   // creates HPROF_GC_CLASS_DUMP record for the given instance class
   static void dump_instance_class(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, InstanceKlass* ik);
   // creates HPROF_GC_CLASS_DUMP record for a given array class
   static void dump_array_class(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, Klass* k);
 
-  // creates HPROF_GC_OBJ_ARRAY_DUMP record for the given object array
-  static void dump_object_array(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, objArrayOop array);
+  // creates HPROF_GC_OBJ_ARRAY_DUMP record for the given object array, fills flat_elements if the object is flat array
+  static void dump_object_array(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, objArrayOop array, DumperFlatObjectList* flat_elements);
   // creates HPROF_GC_PRIM_ARRAY_DUMP record for the given type array
   static void dump_prim_array(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, typeArrayOop array);
   // create HPROF_FRAME record for the given method and bci
@@ -806,6 +819,15 @@ class DumperSupport : AllStatic {
       }
     }
   }
+
+  // Direct instances of ObjArrayKlass represent the Java types that Java code can see.
+  // RefArrayKlass/FlatArrayKlass describe different implementations of the arrays, filter them out to avoid duplicates.
+  static bool filter_out_klass(Klass* k) {
+    if (k->is_objArray_klass() && k->kind() != Klass::KlassKind::ObjArrayKlassKind) {
+      return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
 };
 
 // Hash table of klasses to the klass metadata. This should greatly improve the
@@ -814,19 +836,56 @@ class DumperSupport : AllStatic {
 //
 class DumperClassCacheTableEntry : public CHeapObj<mtServiceability> {
   friend class DumperClassCacheTable;
+public:
+  class FieldDescriptor {
+  private:
+    char _sigs_start;
+    int _offset;
+    InlineKlass* _inline_klass; // nullptr for heap object
+    LayoutKind _layout_kind;
+  public:
+    FieldDescriptor(): _sigs_start(0), _offset(0), _inline_klass(nullptr), _layout_kind(LayoutKind::UNKNOWN) {}
+
+    template<typename FieldStreamType>
+    FieldDescriptor(const FieldStreamType& field)
+      : _sigs_start(field.signature()->char_at(0)), _offset(field.offset())
+    {
+      if (field.is_flat()) {
+        const fieldDescriptor& fd = field.field_descriptor();
+        InstanceKlass* holder_klass = fd.field_holder();
+        InlineLayoutInfo* layout_info = holder_klass->inline_layout_info_adr(fd.index());
+        _inline_klass = layout_info->klass();
+        _layout_kind = layout_info->kind();
+      } else {
+        _inline_klass = nullptr;
+        _layout_kind = LayoutKind::REFERENCE;
+      }
+    }
+
+    char sig_start() const            { return _sigs_start; }
+    int offset() const                { return _offset; }
+    bool is_flat() const              { return _inline_klass != nullptr; }
+    InlineKlass* inline_klass() const { return _inline_klass; }
+    LayoutKind layout_kind() const    { return _layout_kind; }
+    bool is_flat_nullable() const     { return LayoutKindHelper::is_nullable_flat(_layout_kind); }
+  };
+
 private:
-  GrowableArray<char> _sigs_start;
-  GrowableArray<int> _offsets;
+  GrowableArray<FieldDescriptor> _fields;
   u4 _instance_size;
-  int _entries;
 
 public:
-  DumperClassCacheTableEntry() : _instance_size(0), _entries(0) {};
+  DumperClassCacheTableEntry(): _instance_size(0) {}
+
+  template<typename FieldStreamType>
+  void add_field(const FieldStreamType& field) {
+    _fields.push(FieldDescriptor(field));
+    _instance_size += DumperSupport::sig2size(field.signature());
+  }
 
-  int field_count()             { return _entries; }
-  char sig_start(int field_idx) { return _sigs_start.at(field_idx); }
-  int offset(int field_idx)     { return _offsets.at(field_idx); }
-  u4 instance_size()            { return _instance_size; }
+  const FieldDescriptor& field(int index) const { return _fields.at(index); }
+  int field_count() const { return _fields.length(); }
+  u4 instance_size() const { return _instance_size; }
 };
 
 class DumperClassCacheTable {
@@ -842,7 +901,7 @@ class DumperClassCacheTable {
   static constexpr int CACHE_TOP = 256;
 
   typedef HashTable<InstanceKlass*, DumperClassCacheTableEntry*,
-                            TABLE_SIZE, AnyObj::C_HEAP, mtServiceability> PtrTable;
+                    TABLE_SIZE, AnyObj::C_HEAP, mtServiceability> PtrTable;
   PtrTable* _ptrs;
 
   // Single-slot cache to handle the major case of objects of the same
@@ -873,11 +932,7 @@ class DumperClassCacheTable {
       entry = new DumperClassCacheTableEntry();
       for (HierarchicalFieldStream<JavaFieldStream> fld(ik); !fld.done(); fld.next()) {
         if (!fld.access_flags().is_static()) {
-          Symbol* sig = fld.signature();
-          entry->_sigs_start.push(sig->char_at(0));
-          entry->_offsets.push(fld.offset());
-          entry->_entries++;
-          entry->_instance_size += DumperSupport::sig2size(sig);
+          entry->add_field(fld);
         }
       }
 
@@ -908,6 +963,70 @@ class DumperClassCacheTable {
   }
 };
 
+// Describes flat object (flat field or element of flat array) in the holder oop
+class DumperFlatObject: public CHeapObj<mtServiceability> {
+  friend class DumperFlatObjectList;
+private:
+  DumperFlatObject* _next;
+
+  const uintptr_t _id; // object id
+
+  const int _offset;
+  InlineKlass* const _inline_klass;
+
+public:
+  DumperFlatObject(uintptr_t id, int offset, InlineKlass* inline_klass)
+    : _next(nullptr), _id(id), _offset(offset), _inline_klass(inline_klass) {
+  }
+
+  uintptr_t object_id()       const { return _id; }
+  int offset()                const { return _offset; }
+  InlineKlass* inline_klass() const { return _inline_klass; }
+};
+
+class FlatObjectIdProvider {
+public:
+  virtual uintptr_t get_id() = 0;
+};
+
+// Simple FIFO.
+class DumperFlatObjectList {
+private:
+  FlatObjectIdProvider* _id_provider;
+  DumperFlatObject* _head;
+  DumperFlatObject* _tail;
+
+  void push(DumperFlatObject* obj) {
+    if (_head == nullptr) {
+      _head = _tail = obj;
+    } else {
+      assert(_tail != nullptr, "must be");
+      _tail->_next = obj;
+      _tail = obj;
+    }
+  }
+
+public:
+  DumperFlatObjectList(FlatObjectIdProvider* id_provider): _id_provider(id_provider), _head(nullptr), _tail(nullptr) {}
+
+  bool is_empty() const { return _head == nullptr; }
+
+  uintptr_t push(int offset, InlineKlass* inline_klass) {
+    uintptr_t id = _id_provider->get_id();
+    DumperFlatObject* obj = new DumperFlatObject(id, offset, inline_klass);
+    push(obj);
+    return id;
+  }
+
+  DumperFlatObject* pop() {
+    assert(!is_empty(), "sanity");
+    DumperFlatObject* element = _head;
+    _head = element->_next;
+    element->_next = nullptr;
+    return element;
+  }
+};
+
 // write a header of the given type
 void DumperSupport:: write_header(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, hprofTag tag, u4 len) {
   writer->write_u1(tag);
@@ -1046,18 +1165,14 @@ void DumperSupport::dump_field_value(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, char type, oop
 }
 
 // returns the size of the instance of the given class
-u4 DumperSupport::instance_size(InstanceKlass* ik, DumperClassCacheTableEntry* class_cache_entry) {
-  if (class_cache_entry != nullptr) {
-    return class_cache_entry->instance_size();
-  } else {
-    u4 size = 0;
-    for (HierarchicalFieldStream<JavaFieldStream> fld(ik); !fld.done(); fld.next()) {
-      if (!fld.access_flags().is_static()) {
-        size += sig2size(fld.signature());
-      }
+u4 DumperSupport::instance_size(InstanceKlass* ik) {
+  u4 size = 0;
+  for (HierarchicalFieldStream<JavaFieldStream> fld(ik); !fld.done(); fld.next()) {
+    if (!fld.access_flags().is_static()) {
+      size += sig2size(fld.signature());
     }
-    return size;
   }
+  return size;
 }
 
 u4 DumperSupport::get_static_fields_size(InstanceKlass* ik, u2& field_count) {
@@ -1066,6 +1181,8 @@ u4 DumperSupport::get_static_fields_size(InstanceKlass* ik, u2& field_count) {
 
   for (JavaFieldStream fldc(ik); !fldc.done(); fldc.next()) {
     if (fldc.access_flags().is_static()) {
+      assert(!fldc.is_flat(), "static fields cannot be flat");
+
       field_count++;
       size += sig2size(fldc.signature());
     }
@@ -1108,6 +1225,8 @@ void DumperSupport::dump_static_fields(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, Klass* k) {
   // dump the field descriptors and raw values
   for (JavaFieldStream fld(ik); !fld.done(); fld.next()) {
     if (fld.access_flags().is_static()) {
+      assert(!fld.is_flat(), "static fields cannot be flat");
+
       Symbol* sig = fld.signature();
 
       writer->write_symbolID(fld.name());   // name
@@ -1144,29 +1263,45 @@ void DumperSupport::dump_static_fields(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, Klass* k) {
   }
 }
 
-// dump the raw values of the instance fields of the given object
-void DumperSupport::dump_instance_fields(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, oop o, DumperClassCacheTableEntry* class_cache_entry) {
+// dump the raw values of the instance fields of the given object, fills flat_fields
+void DumperSupport::dump_instance_fields(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, oop o, int offset,
+                                         DumperClassCacheTableEntry* class_cache_entry, DumperFlatObjectList* flat_fields) {
   assert(class_cache_entry != nullptr, "Pre-condition: must be provided");
   for (int idx = 0; idx < class_cache_entry->field_count(); idx++) {
-    dump_field_value(writer, class_cache_entry->sig_start(idx), o, class_cache_entry->offset(idx));
+    const DumperClassCacheTableEntry::FieldDescriptor& field = class_cache_entry->field(idx);
+    int field_offset = offset + field.offset();
+    if (field.is_flat()) {
+      // check for possible nulls
+      if (field.is_flat_nullable()) {
+        address payload = cast_from_oop<address>(o) + field_offset;
+        if (field.inline_klass()->is_payload_marked_as_null(payload)) {
+          writer->write_objectID(nullptr);
+          continue;
+        }
+      }
+      uintptr_t object_id = flat_fields->push(field_offset, field.inline_klass());
+      writer->write_objectID(object_id);
+    } else {
+      dump_field_value(writer, field.sig_start(), o, field_offset);
+    }
   }
 }
 
-// dumps the definition of the instance fields for a given class
+// gets the count of the instance fields for a given class
 u2 DumperSupport::get_instance_fields_count(InstanceKlass* ik) {
   u2 field_count = 0;
 
   for (JavaFieldStream fldc(ik); !fldc.done(); fldc.next()) {
-    if (!fldc.access_flags().is_static()) field_count++;
+    if (!fldc.access_flags().is_static()) {
+      field_count++;
+    }
   }
 
   return field_count;
 }
 
 // dumps the definition of the instance fields for a given class
-void DumperSupport::dump_instance_field_descriptors(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, Klass* k) {
-  InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
-
+void DumperSupport::dump_instance_field_descriptors(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, InstanceKlass* ik) {
   // dump the field descriptors
   for (JavaFieldStream fld(ik); !fld.done(); fld.next()) {
     if (!fld.access_flags().is_static()) {
@@ -1179,16 +1314,15 @@ void DumperSupport::dump_instance_field_descriptors(AbstractDumpWriter* writer,
 }
 
 // creates HPROF_GC_INSTANCE_DUMP record for the given object
-void DumperSupport::dump_instance(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, oop o, DumperClassCacheTable* class_cache) {
-  InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(o->klass());
-
+void DumperSupport::dump_instance(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, uintptr_t id, oop o, int offset, InstanceKlass* ik,
+                                  DumperClassCacheTable* class_cache, DumperFlatObjectList* flat_fields) {
   DumperClassCacheTableEntry* cache_entry = class_cache->lookup_or_create(ik);
 
-  u4 is = instance_size(ik, cache_entry);
+  u4 is = cache_entry->instance_size();
   u4 size = 1 + sizeof(address) + 4 + sizeof(address) + 4 + is;
 
   writer->start_sub_record(HPROF_GC_INSTANCE_DUMP, size);
-  writer->write_objectID(o);
+  writer->write_objectID(id);
   writer->write_u4(STACK_TRACE_ID);
 
   // class ID
@@ -1198,7 +1332,13 @@ void DumperSupport::dump_instance(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, oop o, DumperClass
   writer->write_u4(is);
 
   // field values
-  dump_instance_fields(writer, o, cache_entry);
+  if (offset != 0) {
+    // the object itself if flattened, so all fields are stored without headers
+    InlineKlass* inline_klass = InlineKlass::cast(ik);
+    offset -= inline_klass->payload_offset();
+  }
+
+  dump_instance_fields(writer, o, offset, cache_entry, flat_fields);
 
   writer->end_sub_record();
 }
@@ -1297,12 +1437,12 @@ void DumperSupport::dump_array_class(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, Klass* k) {
 // which means we need to truncate arrays that are too long.
 int DumperSupport::calculate_array_max_length(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, arrayOop array, short header_size) {
   BasicType type = ArrayKlass::cast(array->klass())->element_type();
-  assert(type >= T_BOOLEAN && type <= T_OBJECT, "invalid array element type");
+  assert((type >= T_BOOLEAN && type <= T_OBJECT) || type == T_FLAT_ELEMENT, "invalid array element type");
 
   int length = array->length();
 
   int type_size;
-  if (type == T_OBJECT) {
+  if (type == T_OBJECT || type == T_FLAT_ELEMENT) {
     type_size = sizeof(address);
   } else {
     type_size = type2aelembytes(type);
@@ -1322,7 +1462,7 @@ int DumperSupport::calculate_array_max_length(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, arrayO
 }
 
 // creates HPROF_GC_OBJ_ARRAY_DUMP record for the given object array
-void DumperSupport::dump_object_array(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, objArrayOop array) {
+void DumperSupport::dump_object_array(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, objArrayOop array, DumperFlatObjectList* flat_elements) {
   // sizeof(u1) + 2 * sizeof(u4) + sizeof(objectID) + sizeof(classID)
   short header_size = 1 + 2 * 4 + 2 * sizeof(address);
   int length = calculate_array_max_length(writer, array, header_size);
@@ -1337,10 +1477,34 @@ void DumperSupport::dump_object_array(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, objArrayOop ar
   writer->write_classID(array->klass());
 
   // [id]* elements
-  for (int index = 0; index < length; index++) {
-    oop o = array->obj_at(index);
-    o = mask_dormant_archived_object(o, array);
-    writer->write_objectID(o);
+  if (array->is_flatArray()) {
+    flatArrayOop farray = flatArrayOop(array);
+    FlatArrayKlass* fak = farray->klass();
+
+    InlineKlass* vk = fak->element_klass();
+    bool need_null_check = LayoutKindHelper::is_nullable_flat(fak->layout_kind());
+
+    for (int index = 0; index < length; index++) {
+      address addr = (address)farray->value_at_addr(index, fak->layout_helper());
+      // check for null
+      if (need_null_check) {
+        if (vk->is_payload_marked_as_null(addr)) {
+          writer->write_objectID(nullptr);
+          continue;
+        }
+      }
+      // offset in the array oop
+      int offset = (int)(addr - cast_from_oop<address>(farray));
+      uintptr_t object_id = flat_elements->push(offset, vk);
+      writer->write_objectID(object_id);
+    }
+  } else {
+    refArrayOop rarray = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(array);
+    for (int index = 0; index < length; index++) {
+      oop o = rarray->obj_at(index);
+      o = mask_dormant_archived_object(o, array);
+      writer->write_objectID(o);
+    }
   }
 
   writer->end_sub_record();
@@ -1502,6 +1666,9 @@ class ClassDumper : public KlassClosure {
   ClassDumper(AbstractDumpWriter* writer) : _writer(writer) {}
 
   void do_klass(Klass* k) {
+    if (DumperSupport::filter_out_klass(k)) {
+      return;
+    }
     if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
       DumperSupport::dump_instance_class(writer(), InstanceKlass::cast(k));
     } else {
@@ -1526,6 +1693,9 @@ class LoadedClassDumper : public LockedClassesDo {
     : _writer(writer), _klass_map(klass_map), _class_serial_num(0) {}
 
   void do_klass(Klass* k) {
+    if (DumperSupport::filter_out_klass(k)) {
+      return;
+    }
     // len of HPROF_LOAD_CLASS record
     u4 remaining = 2 * oopSize + 2 * sizeof(u4);
     DumperSupport::write_header(writer(), HPROF_LOAD_CLASS, remaining);
@@ -1951,6 +2121,50 @@ vframe* ThreadDumper::get_top_frame() const {
   return nullptr;
 }
 
+class FlatObjectDumper: public FlatObjectIdProvider {
+private:
+  volatile uintptr_t _id_counter;
+public:
+  FlatObjectDumper(): _id_counter(0) {
+  }
+
+  void dump_flat_objects(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, oop holder,
+                         DumperClassCacheTable* class_cache, DumperFlatObjectList* flat_objects);
+
+  // FlatObjectIdProvider implementation
+  virtual uintptr_t get_id() override {
+    // need to protect against overflow, so use instead of fetch_then_add
+    const uintptr_t max_value = (uintptr_t)-1;
+    uintptr_t old_value = AtomicAccess::load(&_id_counter);
+    while (old_value != max_value) {
+      uintptr_t new_value = old_value + 1;
+      // to avoid conflicts with oop addresses skip aligned values
+      if ((new_value & MinObjAlignmentInBytesMask) == 0) {
+        new_value++;
+      }
+      uintptr_t value = AtomicAccess::cmpxchg(&_id_counter, old_value, new_value);
+      if (value == old_value) {
+        // success
+        return new_value;
+      }
+      old_value = value;
+    }
+    // if we are here, maximum id value is reached
+    return max_value;
+  }
+
+};
+
+void FlatObjectDumper::dump_flat_objects(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, oop holder,
+                                         DumperClassCacheTable* class_cache, DumperFlatObjectList* flat_objects) {
+  // DumperSupport::dump_instance can add entries to flat_objects
+  while (!flat_objects->is_empty()) {
+    DumperFlatObject* obj = flat_objects->pop();
+    DumperSupport::dump_instance(writer, obj->object_id(), holder, obj->offset(), obj->inline_klass(), class_cache, flat_objects);
+    delete obj;
+  }
+}
+
 // Callback to dump thread-related data for unmounted virtual threads;
 // implemented by VM_HeapDumper.
 class UnmountedVThreadDumper {
@@ -1964,12 +2178,13 @@ class HeapObjectDumper : public ObjectClosure {
   AbstractDumpWriter* _writer;
   AbstractDumpWriter* writer()                  { return _writer; }
   UnmountedVThreadDumper* _vthread_dumper;
+  FlatObjectDumper* _flat_dumper;
 
   DumperClassCacheTable _class_cache;
 
  public:
-  HeapObjectDumper(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, UnmountedVThreadDumper* vthread_dumper)
-    : _writer(writer), _vthread_dumper(vthread_dumper) {}
+  HeapObjectDumper(AbstractDumpWriter* writer, UnmountedVThreadDumper* vthread_dumper, FlatObjectDumper* flat_dumper)
+    : _writer(writer), _vthread_dumper(vthread_dumper), _flat_dumper(flat_dumper) {}
 
   // called for each object in the heap
   void do_object(oop o);
@@ -1988,8 +2203,19 @@ void HeapObjectDumper::do_object(oop o) {
   }
 
   if (o->is_instance()) {
+    DumperFlatObjectList flat_fields(_flat_dumper);
     // create a HPROF_GC_INSTANCE record for each object
-    DumperSupport::dump_instance(writer(), o, &_class_cache);
+    DumperSupport::dump_instance(writer(),
+                                 cast_from_oop<uintptr_t>(o), // object_id is the address
+                                 o, 0,                        // for heap instance holder is oop, offset is 0
+                                 InstanceKlass::cast(o->klass()),
+                                 &_class_cache, &flat_fields);
+
+    // if there are flattened fields, dump them
+    if (!flat_fields.is_empty()) {
+      _flat_dumper->dump_flat_objects(writer(), o, &_class_cache, &flat_fields);
+    }
+
     // If we encounter an unmounted virtual thread it needs to be dumped explicitly
     // (mounted virtual threads are dumped with their carriers).
     if (java_lang_VirtualThread::is_instance(o)
@@ -1997,8 +2223,13 @@ void HeapObjectDumper::do_object(oop o) {
       _vthread_dumper->dump_vthread(o, writer());
     }
   } else if (o->is_objArray()) {
+    DumperFlatObjectList flat_elements(_flat_dumper);
     // create a HPROF_GC_OBJ_ARRAY_DUMP record for each object array
-    DumperSupport::dump_object_array(writer(), objArrayOop(o));
+    DumperSupport::dump_object_array(writer(), objArrayOop(o), &flat_elements);
+    // if this is flat array, dump its elements
+    if (!flat_elements.is_empty()) {
+      _flat_dumper->dump_flat_objects(writer(), o, &_class_cache, &flat_elements);
+    }
   } else if (o->is_typeArray()) {
     // create a HPROF_GC_PRIM_ARRAY_DUMP record for each type array
     DumperSupport::dump_prim_array(writer(), typeArrayOop(o));
@@ -2246,6 +2477,9 @@ class VM_HeapDumper : public VM_GC_Operation, public WorkerTask, public Unmounte
   DumperController*       _dumper_controller;
   ParallelObjectIterator* _poi;
 
+  // flat value object support
+  FlatObjectDumper        _flat_dumper;
+
   // Dumper id of VMDumper thread.
   static const int VMDumperId = 0;
   // VM dumper dumps both heap and non-heap data, other dumpers dump heap-only data.
@@ -2510,7 +2744,7 @@ void VM_HeapDumper::work(uint worker_id) {
     // of the heap dump.
 
     TraceTime timer(is_parallel_dump() ? "Dump heap objects in parallel" : "Dump heap objects", TRACETIME_LOG(Info, heapdump));
-    HeapObjectDumper obj_dumper(&segment_writer, this);
+    HeapObjectDumper obj_dumper(&segment_writer, this, &_flat_dumper);
     if (!is_parallel_dump()) {
       Universe::heap()->object_iterate(&obj_dumper);
     } else {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/services/management.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/services/management.cpp
index 36db3df056f..414a05455e7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/services/management.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/services/management.cpp
@@ -38,7 +38,9 @@
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oopHandle.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/refArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlag.hpp"
 #include "runtime/globals.hpp"
@@ -1444,9 +1446,10 @@ JVM_ENTRY(jobjectArray, jmm_GetVMGlobalNames(JNIEnv *env))
   // last flag entry is always null, so subtract 1
   int nFlags = (int) JVMFlag::numFlags - 1;
   // allocate a temp array
-  objArrayOop r = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::String_klass(),
-                                           nFlags, CHECK_NULL);
-  objArrayHandle flags_ah(THREAD, r);
+  refArrayOop r = oopFactory::new_refArray(vmClasses::String_klass(),
+                                           nFlags,
+                                           CHECK_NULL);
+  refArrayHandle flags_ah(THREAD, r);
   int num_entries = 0;
   for (int i = 0; i < nFlags; i++) {
     JVMFlag* flag = &JVMFlag::flags[i];
@@ -1464,7 +1467,7 @@ JVM_ENTRY(jobjectArray, jmm_GetVMGlobalNames(JNIEnv *env))
 
   if (num_entries < nFlags) {
     // Return array of right length
-    objArrayOop res = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::String_klass(), num_entries, CHECK_NULL);
+    refArrayOop res = oopFactory::new_refArray(vmClasses::String_klass(), num_entries, CHECK_NULL);
     for(int i = 0; i < num_entries; i++) {
       res->obj_at_put(i, flags_ah->obj_at(i));
     }
@@ -1570,10 +1573,10 @@ JVM_ENTRY(jint, jmm_GetVMGlobals(JNIEnv *env,
 
   if (names != nullptr) {
     // return the requested globals
-    objArrayOop ta = objArrayOop(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(names));
-    objArrayHandle names_ah(THREAD, ta);
+    refArrayOop ta = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(names));
+    refArrayHandle names_ah(THREAD, ta);
     // Make sure we have a String array
-    Klass* element_klass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(names_ah->klass())->element_klass();
+    Klass* element_klass = names_ah->klass()->element_klass();
     if (element_klass != vmClasses::String_klass()) {
       THROW_MSG_(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(),
                  "Array element type is not String class", 0);
@@ -1997,11 +2000,11 @@ JVM_ENTRY(void, jmm_GetDiagnosticCommandInfo(JNIEnv *env, jobjectArray cmds,
 
   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 
-  objArrayOop ca = objArrayOop(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(cmds));
-  objArrayHandle cmds_ah(THREAD, ca);
+  refArrayOop ca = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(cmds));
+  refArrayHandle cmds_ah(THREAD, ca);
 
   // Make sure we have a String array
-  Klass* element_klass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(cmds_ah->klass())->element_klass();
+  Klass* element_klass = cmds_ah->klass()->element_klass();
   if (element_klass != vmClasses::String_klass()) {
     THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(),
                "Array element type is not String class");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp
index cab6c6a4f27..57efe4ad768 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp
@@ -1485,7 +1485,7 @@ oop ThreadSnapshotFactory::get_thread_snapshot(jobject jthread, TRAPS) {
   InstanceKlass* ste_klass = vmClasses::StackTraceElement_klass();
   assert(ste_klass != nullptr, "must be loaded");
 
-  objArrayHandle trace = oopFactory::new_objArray_handle(ste_klass, cl._frame_count, CHECK_NULL);
+  refArrayHandle trace = oopFactory::new_refArray_handle(ste_klass, cl._frame_count, CHECK_NULL);
 
   for (int i = 0; i < cl._frame_count; i++) {
     methodHandle method(THREAD, cl._methods->at(i));
@@ -1498,9 +1498,9 @@ oop ThreadSnapshotFactory::get_thread_snapshot(jobject jthread, TRAPS) {
   Klass* lock_k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(lock_sym, true, CHECK_NULL);
   InstanceKlass* lock_klass = InstanceKlass::cast(lock_k);
 
-  objArrayHandle locks;
+  refArrayHandle locks;
   if (cl._locks != nullptr && cl._locks->length() > 0) {
-    locks = oopFactory::new_objArray_handle(lock_klass, cl._locks->length(), CHECK_NULL);
+    locks = oopFactory::new_refArray_handle(lock_klass, cl._locks->length(), CHECK_NULL);
     for (int n = 0; n < cl._locks->length(); n++) {
       GetThreadSnapshotHandshakeClosure::OwnedLock* lock_info = cl._locks->adr_at(n);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/accessFlags.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/accessFlags.hpp
index a0aef9daa0c..86f7ea8f15b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/accessFlags.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/accessFlags.hpp
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@ class AccessFlags {
   bool is_protected   () const         { return (_flags & JVM_ACC_PROTECTED   ) != 0; }
   bool is_static      () const         { return (_flags & JVM_ACC_STATIC      ) != 0; }
   bool is_final       () const         { return (_flags & JVM_ACC_FINAL       ) != 0; }
+  bool is_strict      () const         { return (_flags & JVM_ACC_STRICT_INIT ) != 0; }
   bool is_synchronized() const         { return (_flags & JVM_ACC_SYNCHRONIZED) != 0; }
-  bool is_super       () const         { return (_flags & JVM_ACC_SUPER       ) != 0; }
   bool is_volatile    () const         { return (_flags & JVM_ACC_VOLATILE    ) != 0; }
   bool is_bridge      () const         { return (_flags & JVM_ACC_BRIDGE      ) != 0; }
   bool is_transient   () const         { return (_flags & JVM_ACC_TRANSIENT   ) != 0; }
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ class AccessFlags {
   bool is_interface   () const         { return (_flags & JVM_ACC_INTERFACE   ) != 0; }
   bool is_abstract    () const         { return (_flags & JVM_ACC_ABSTRACT    ) != 0; }
   bool is_strictfp    () const         { return (_flags & JVM_ACC_STRICT      ) != 0; }
+  bool is_identity_class  () const     { return (_flags & JVM_ACC_IDENTITY    ) != 0; }
 
   // Attribute flags
   bool is_synthetic   () const         { return (_flags & JVM_ACC_SYNTHETIC   ) != 0; }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/copy.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/copy.cpp
index 4dc1ef7b5bf..e29adb42935 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/copy.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/copy.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
 #include "utilities/byteswap.hpp"
 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
+#include "utilities/debug.hpp"
 
 
 // Copy bytes; larger units are filled atomically if everything is aligned.
@@ -52,6 +53,76 @@ void Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(const void* from, void* to, size_t size) {
   }
 }
 
+#define COPY_ALIGNED_SEGMENT(t)                                                \
+  if (bits % sizeof(t) == 0) {                                                 \
+    size_t segment = remaining_bytes / sizeof(t);                              \
+    if (segment > 0) {                                                         \
+      Copy::conjoint_##t##s_atomic((const t*)cursor_from, (t*)cursor_to,       \
+                                   segment);                                   \
+      remaining_bytes -= segment * sizeof(t);                                  \
+      cursor_from = (void*)(((char*)cursor_from) + segment * sizeof(t));       \
+      cursor_to = (void*)(((char*)cursor_to) + segment * sizeof(t));           \
+    }                                                                          \
+  }
+
+void Copy::copy_value_content(const void* from, void* to, size_t size) {
+  // The alignment of the containing object must satisfy the alignment of all
+  // its fields, as such we can safely copy atomically starting at the largest
+  // atomic size which the payloads are aligned to. Any trailing payload smaller
+  // than this atomic size must have a lower alignment requirement. This
+  // property holds recursively down to the smallest atomic size.
+  const uintptr_t bits = (uintptr_t)from | (uintptr_t)to;
+  const void* cursor_from = from;
+  void* cursor_to = to;
+  size_t remaining_bytes = size;
+  COPY_ALIGNED_SEGMENT(jlong)
+  COPY_ALIGNED_SEGMENT(jint)
+  COPY_ALIGNED_SEGMENT(jshort)
+  if (remaining_bytes > 0) {
+    Copy::conjoint_jbytes(cursor_from, cursor_to, remaining_bytes);
+  }
+}
+
+#undef COPY_ALIGNED_SEGMENT
+
+template <typename T>
+static void clear_value_content_helper(uintptr_t* to_cursor_addr, size_t* remaining_bytes_addr) {
+  uintptr_t& to_cursor = *to_cursor_addr;
+  size_t& remaining_bytes = *remaining_bytes_addr;
+
+  if (to_cursor % sizeof(T) == 0 && remaining_bytes >= sizeof(T)) {
+    const size_t copy_bytes = align_down(remaining_bytes, sizeof(T));
+    Copy::fill_to_memory_atomic((void*)to_cursor, copy_bytes);
+    to_cursor += copy_bytes;
+    remaining_bytes -= copy_bytes;
+  }
+}
+
+void Copy::clear_value_content(void* to, size_t size) {
+  // The alignment of the containing object must satisfy the alignment of all
+  // its fields, as such we can safely copy atomically starting at the largest
+  // atomic size which the payloads are aligned to. Any trailing payload smaller
+  // than this atomic size must have a lower alignment requirement. This
+  // property holds recursively down to the smallest atomic size.
+  uintptr_t to_cursor = uintptr_t(to);
+  size_t remaining_bytes = size;
+
+  // Clear jlong alignend segments
+  clear_value_content_helper<jlong>(&to_cursor, &remaining_bytes);
+
+  // Clear jint alignend segments
+  clear_value_content_helper<jint>(&to_cursor, &remaining_bytes);
+
+  // Clear jshort alignend segments
+  clear_value_content_helper<jshort>(&to_cursor, &remaining_bytes);
+
+  // Clear remaining bytes
+  clear_value_content_helper<jbyte>(&to_cursor, &remaining_bytes);
+
+  postcond(remaining_bytes == 0);
+  postcond(to_cursor - size == uintptr_t(to));
+}
+
 class CopySwap : AllStatic {
 public:
   /**
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/copy.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/copy.hpp
index 6d8d7b8e15e..2ecba0cd9bd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/copy.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/copy.hpp
@@ -161,6 +161,9 @@ class Copy : AllStatic {
   // of two which divides all of from, to, and size, whichever is smaller.
   static void conjoint_memory_atomic(const void* from, void* to, size_t size);
 
+  static void copy_value_content(const void* from, void* to, size_t size);
+  static void clear_value_content(void* to, size_t size);
+
   // bytes,                 conjoint array, atomic on each byte (not that it matters)
   static void arrayof_conjoint_jbytes(const HeapWord* from, HeapWord* to, size_t count) {
     pd_arrayof_conjoint_bytes(from, to, count);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/dtrace_disabled.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/dtrace_disabled.hpp
index 99d7cbb2f75..533b4fc5a88 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/dtrace_disabled.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/dtrace_disabled.hpp
@@ -803,6 +803,10 @@
 #define HOTSPOT_JNI_GETVERSION_ENTRY_ENABLED()  0
 #define HOTSPOT_JNI_GETVERSION_RETURN(arg0)
 #define HOTSPOT_JNI_GETVERSION_RETURN_ENABLED()  0
+#define HOTSPOT_JNI_HASIDENTITY_ENTRY(arg0, arg1)
+#define HOTSPOT_JNI_HASIDENTITY_ENTRY_ENABLED()  0
+#define HOTSPOT_JNI_HASIDENTITY_RETURN(arg0)
+#define HOTSPOT_JNI_HASIDENTITY_RETURN_ENABLED()  0
 #define HOTSPOT_JNI_ISASSIGNABLEFROM_ENTRY(arg0, arg1, arg2)
 #define HOTSPOT_JNI_ISASSIGNABLEFROM_ENTRY_ENABLED()  0
 #define HOTSPOT_JNI_ISASSIGNABLEFROM_RETURN(arg0)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/exceptions.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/exceptions.cpp
index 4455ab801cb..d516c086bd8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/exceptions.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/exceptions.cpp
@@ -475,6 +475,19 @@ Handle Exceptions::new_exception(JavaThread* thread, Symbol* name,
                                    to_utf8_safe);
 }
 
+void Exceptions::wrap_exception_in_internal_error(const char* message, JavaThread* THREAD) {
+  // If there is a pending exception that is not an Error, clear it and wrap it
+  // in an InternalError instead.
+  if (THREAD->has_pending_exception()) {
+    oop exception = THREAD->pending_exception();
+    if (!exception->is_a(vmClasses::Error_klass())) {
+      Handle e(THREAD, exception);
+      THREAD->clear_pending_exception();
+      THROW_MSG_CAUSE(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), message, e);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 // invokedynamic uses wrap_dynamic_exception for:
 //    - bootstrap method resolution
 //    - post call to MethodHandleNatives::linkCallSite
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/exceptions.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/exceptions.hpp
index b9e544b28d7..18f86e39cd5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/exceptions.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/exceptions.hpp
@@ -181,6 +181,8 @@ class Exceptions {
 
   static void throw_stack_overflow_exception(JavaThread* thread, const char* file, int line, const methodHandle& method);
 
+  static void wrap_exception_in_internal_error(const char* message, JavaThread* thread);
+
   static void wrap_dynamic_exception(bool is_indy, JavaThread* thread);
 
   // Exception counting of interesting exceptions that may have caused a
@@ -267,6 +269,8 @@ class Exceptions {
 // with a TRAPS argument.
 
 #define THREAD_AND_LOCATION                      THREAD, __FILE__, __LINE__
+#define THREAD_AND_LOCATION_DECL                 TRAPS, const char* file, int line
+#define THREAD_AND_LOCATION_ARGS                 THREAD, file, line
 
 #define THROW_OOP(e)                                \
   { Exceptions::_throw_oop(THREAD_AND_LOCATION, e);                             return;  }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.cpp
index 8a111a12607..0765f781ada 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.cpp
@@ -208,8 +208,8 @@ char type2char_tab[T_CONFLICT+1] = {
   JVM_SIGNATURE_BYTE,    JVM_SIGNATURE_SHORT,
   JVM_SIGNATURE_INT,     JVM_SIGNATURE_LONG,
   JVM_SIGNATURE_CLASS,   JVM_SIGNATURE_ARRAY,
-  JVM_SIGNATURE_VOID,    0,
-  0, 0, 0, 0
+  JVM_SIGNATURE_VOID,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
 };
 
 // Map BasicType to Java type name
@@ -226,6 +226,7 @@ const char* type2name_tab[T_CONFLICT+1] = {
   "object",
   "array",
   "void",
+  "flat element",
   "*address*",
   "*narrowoop*",
   "*metadata*",
@@ -255,7 +256,7 @@ BasicType name2type(const char* name) {
 }
 
 // Map BasicType to size in words
-int type2size[T_CONFLICT+1]={ -1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1};
+int type2size[T_CONFLICT+1]={ -1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 0, -1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1};
 
 BasicType type2field[T_CONFLICT+1] = {
   (BasicType)0,            // 0,
@@ -273,11 +274,12 @@ BasicType type2field[T_CONFLICT+1] = {
   T_OBJECT,                // T_OBJECT   = 12,
   T_OBJECT,                // T_ARRAY    = 13,
   T_VOID,                  // T_VOID     = 14,
-  T_ADDRESS,               // T_ADDRESS  = 15,
-  T_NARROWOOP,             // T_NARROWOOP= 16,
-  T_METADATA,              // T_METADATA = 17,
-  T_NARROWKLASS,           // T_NARROWKLASS = 18,
-  T_CONFLICT               // T_CONFLICT = 19,
+  (BasicType)0,            // T_FLAT_ELEMENT = 15,
+  T_ADDRESS,               // T_ADDRESS  = 16,
+  T_NARROWOOP,             // T_NARROWOOP= 17,
+  T_METADATA,              // T_METADATA = 18,
+  T_NARROWKLASS,           // T_NARROWKLASS = 19,
+  T_CONFLICT               // T_CONFLICT = 20
 };
 
 
@@ -297,11 +299,12 @@ BasicType type2wfield[T_CONFLICT+1] = {
   T_OBJECT,  // T_OBJECT   = 12,
   T_OBJECT,  // T_ARRAY    = 13,
   T_VOID,    // T_VOID     = 14,
-  T_ADDRESS, // T_ADDRESS  = 15,
-  T_NARROWOOP, // T_NARROWOOP  = 16,
-  T_METADATA,  // T_METADATA   = 17,
-  T_NARROWKLASS, // T_NARROWKLASS  = 18,
-  T_CONFLICT // T_CONFLICT = 19,
+  (BasicType)0,  // T_FLAT_ELEMENT = 15,
+  T_ADDRESS, // T_ADDRESS  = 16,
+  T_NARROWOOP, // T_NARROWOOP  = 17,
+  T_METADATA,  // T_METADATA   = 18,
+  T_NARROWKLASS, // T_NARROWKLASS  = 19,
+  T_CONFLICT // T_CONFLICT = 20
 };
 
 
@@ -321,11 +324,12 @@ int _type2aelembytes[T_CONFLICT+1] = {
   T_OBJECT_aelem_bytes,      // T_OBJECT   = 12,
   T_ARRAY_aelem_bytes,       // T_ARRAY    = 13,
   0,                         // T_VOID     = 14,
-  T_OBJECT_aelem_bytes,      // T_ADDRESS  = 15,
-  T_NARROWOOP_aelem_bytes,   // T_NARROWOOP= 16,
-  T_OBJECT_aelem_bytes,      // T_METADATA = 17,
-  T_NARROWKLASS_aelem_bytes, // T_NARROWKLASS= 18,
-  0                          // T_CONFLICT = 19,
+  0,                         // T_FLAT_ELEMENT = 15,
+  T_OBJECT_aelem_bytes,      // T_ADDRESS  = 16,
+  T_NARROWOOP_aelem_bytes,   // T_NARROWOOP= 17,
+  T_OBJECT_aelem_bytes,      // T_METADATA = 18,
+  T_NARROWKLASS_aelem_bytes, // T_NARROWKLASS= 19,
+  0                          // T_CONFLICT = 20
 };
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp
index 5e5a57c3780..4de462a1287 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp
@@ -633,7 +633,6 @@ const bool support_IRIW_for_not_multiple_copy_atomic_cpu = PPC64_ONLY(true) NOT_
 #error "Platform should define DEFAULT_PADDING_SIZE"
 #endif
 
-
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Miscellaneous
 
@@ -712,11 +711,12 @@ enum BasicType : u1 {
   T_OBJECT      = 12,
   T_ARRAY       = 13,
   T_VOID        = 14,
-  T_ADDRESS     = 15,
-  T_NARROWOOP   = 16,
-  T_METADATA    = 17,
-  T_NARROWKLASS = 18,
-  T_CONFLICT    = 19, // for stack value type with conflicting contents
+  T_FLAT_ELEMENT = 15, // Not a true BasicType, only used in layout helpers of flat arrays
+  T_ADDRESS     = 16,
+  T_NARROWOOP   = 17,
+  T_METADATA    = 18,
+  T_NARROWKLASS = 19,
+  T_CONFLICT    = 20, // for stack value type with conflicting contents
   T_ILLEGAL     = 99
 };
 
@@ -760,6 +760,7 @@ inline bool is_double_word_type(BasicType t) {
 }
 
 inline bool is_reference_type(BasicType t, bool include_narrow_oop = false) {
+  assert(t != T_FLAT_ELEMENT, "");  // Strong assert to detect misuses of T_FLAT_ELEMENT
   return (t == T_OBJECT || t == T_ARRAY || (include_narrow_oop && t == T_NARROWOOP));
 }
 
@@ -834,7 +835,8 @@ enum BasicTypeSize {
   T_ARRAY_size       = 1,
   T_NARROWOOP_size   = 1,
   T_NARROWKLASS_size = 1,
-  T_VOID_size        = 0
+  T_VOID_size        = 0,
+  T_FLAT_ELEMENT_size = 0
 };
 
 // this works on valid parameter types but not T_VOID, T_CONFLICT, etc.
@@ -870,7 +872,8 @@ enum ArrayElementSize {
 #endif
   T_NARROWOOP_aelem_bytes   = 4,
   T_NARROWKLASS_aelem_bytes = 4,
-  T_VOID_aelem_bytes        = 0
+  T_VOID_aelem_bytes        = 0,
+  T_FLAT_ELEMENT_aelem_bytes = 0
 };
 
 extern int _type2aelembytes[T_CONFLICT+1]; // maps a BasicType to nof bytes used by its array element
@@ -960,7 +963,7 @@ enum TosState {         // describes the tos cache contents
   ftos = 6,             // float tos cached
   dtos = 7,             // double tos cached
   atos = 8,             // object cached
-  vtos = 9,             // tos not cached
+  vtos = 9,             // tos not cached,
   number_of_states,
   ilgl                  // illegal state: should not occur
 };
@@ -977,7 +980,7 @@ inline TosState as_TosState(BasicType type) {
     case T_FLOAT  : return ftos;
     case T_DOUBLE : return dtos;
     case T_VOID   : return vtos;
-    case T_ARRAY  : // fall through
+    case T_ARRAY  :   // fall through
     case T_OBJECT : return atos;
     default       : return ilgl;
   }
@@ -1055,6 +1058,7 @@ const int      badCodeHeapNewVal  = 0xCC;                   // value used to zap
 const int      badCodeHeapFreeVal = 0xDD;                   // value used to zap Code heap at deallocation
 const intptr_t badDispHeaderDeopt = 0xDE0BD000;             // value to fill unused displaced header during deoptimization
 const intptr_t badDispHeaderOSR   = 0xDEAD05A0;             // value to fill unused displaced header during OSR
+const juint    badRegWordVal      = 0xDEADDA7A;             // value used to zap registers
 
 // (These must be implemented as #defines because C++ compilers are
 // not obligated to inline non-integral constants!)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/growableArray.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/growableArray.hpp
index 14b54cfc4ea..13ac1ed360f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/growableArray.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/growableArray.hpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
 #include "memory/iterator.hpp"
+#include "oops/array.hpp"
 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 #include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
@@ -96,6 +97,7 @@ class GrowableArrayBase : public AnyObj {
 };
 
 template <typename E> class GrowableArrayIterator;
+template <typename E, typename UnaryPredicate> class GrowableArrayFilterIterator;
 
 // Extends GrowableArrayBase with a typed data array.
 //
@@ -427,6 +429,12 @@ class GrowableArrayWithAllocator : public GrowableArrayView<E> {
     }
   }
 
+  void appendAll(const Array<E>* l) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < l->length(); i++) {
+      this->at_put_grow(this->_len, l->at(i), E());
+    }
+  }
+
   // Binary search and insertion utility.  Search array for element
   // matching key according to the static compare function.  Insert
   // that element if not already in the list.  Assumes the list is
@@ -877,6 +885,7 @@ class GrowableArrayCHeap : public GrowableArrayWithAllocator<E, GrowableArrayCHe
 template <typename E>
 class GrowableArrayIterator : public StackObj {
   friend class GrowableArrayView<E>;
+  template <typename F, typename UnaryPredicate> friend class GrowableArrayFilterIterator;
 
  private:
   const GrowableArrayView<E>* _array; // GrowableArray we iterate over
@@ -903,6 +912,60 @@ class GrowableArrayIterator : public StackObj {
   }
 };
 
+// Custom STL-style iterator to iterate over elements of a GrowableArray that satisfy a given predicate
+template <typename E, class UnaryPredicate>
+class GrowableArrayFilterIterator : public StackObj {
+  friend class GrowableArrayView<E>;
+
+ private:
+  const GrowableArrayView<E>* _array; // GrowableArray we iterate over
+  int _position;                      // Current position in the GrowableArray
+  UnaryPredicate _predicate;          // Unary predicate the elements of the GrowableArray should satisfy
+
+ public:
+  GrowableArrayFilterIterator(const GrowableArray<E>* array, UnaryPredicate filter_predicate) :
+      _array(array), _position(0), _predicate(filter_predicate) {
+    // Advance to first element satisfying the predicate
+    while(!at_end() && !_predicate(_array->at(_position))) {
+      ++_position;
+    }
+  }
+
+  GrowableArrayFilterIterator<E, UnaryPredicate>& operator++() {
+    do {
+      // Advance to next element satisfying the predicate
+      ++_position;
+    } while(!at_end() && !_predicate(_array->at(_position)));
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  E operator*() { return _array->at(_position); }
+
+  bool operator==(const GrowableArrayIterator<E>& rhs)  {
+    assert(_array == rhs._array, "iterator belongs to different array");
+    return _position == rhs._position;
+  }
+
+  bool operator!=(const GrowableArrayIterator<E>& rhs)  {
+    assert(_array == rhs._array, "iterator belongs to different array");
+    return _position != rhs._position;
+  }
+
+  bool operator==(const GrowableArrayFilterIterator<E, UnaryPredicate>& rhs)  {
+    assert(_array == rhs._array, "iterator belongs to different array");
+    return _position == rhs._position;
+  }
+
+  bool operator!=(const GrowableArrayFilterIterator<E, UnaryPredicate>& rhs)  {
+    assert(_array == rhs._array, "iterator belongs to different array");
+    return _position != rhs._position;
+  }
+
+  bool at_end() const {
+    return _array == nullptr || _position == _array->end()._position;
+  }
+};
+
 // Arrays for basic types
 typedef GrowableArray<int> intArray;
 typedef GrowableArray<int> intStack;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/stringUtils.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/stringUtils.cpp
index d133d21e52f..b876ee0b7c0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/stringUtils.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/stringUtils.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
+#include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
 #include "utilities/stringUtils.hpp"
 
 #include <ctype.h>
@@ -71,6 +72,221 @@ double StringUtils::similarity(const char* str1, size_t len1, const char* str2,
   return 2.0 * (double) hit / (double) total;
 }
 
+class StringMatcher {
+ public:
+  typedef int getc_function_t(const char* &source, const char* limit);
+
+ private:
+  // These do not get properly inlined.
+  // For full performance, this should be a template class
+  // parameterized by two function arguments.
+  getc_function_t* _pattern_getc;
+  getc_function_t* _string_getc;
+
+ public:
+  StringMatcher(getc_function_t pattern_getc,
+                getc_function_t string_getc)
+    : _pattern_getc(pattern_getc),
+      _string_getc(string_getc)
+  { }
+
+  enum {  // special results from _pattern_getc
+    string_match_comma  = -0x100 + ',',
+    string_match_star   = -0x100 + '*',
+    string_match_eos    = -0x100 + '\0'
+  };
+
+ private:
+  const char*
+  skip_anchor_word(const char* match,
+                   const char* match_end,
+                   int anchor_length,
+                   const char* pattern,
+                   const char* pattern_end) {
+    assert(pattern < pattern_end && anchor_length > 0, "");
+    const char* begp = pattern;
+    int ch1 = _pattern_getc(begp, pattern_end);
+    // note that begp is now advanced over ch1
+    assert(ch1 > 0, "regular char only");
+    const char* matchp = match;
+    const char* limitp = match_end - anchor_length;
+    while (matchp <= limitp) {
+      int mch = _string_getc(matchp, match_end);
+      if (mch == ch1) {
+        const char* patp = begp;
+        const char* anchorp = matchp;
+        while (patp < pattern_end) {
+          char ch = _pattern_getc(patp, pattern_end);
+          char mch = _string_getc(anchorp, match_end);
+          if (mch != ch) {
+            anchorp = nullptr;
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+        if (anchorp != nullptr) {
+          return anchorp;  // Found a full copy of the anchor.
+        }
+        // That did not work, so restart the search for ch1.
+      }
+    }
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+ public:
+  bool string_match(const char* pattern,
+                    const char* string) {
+    return string_match(pattern, pattern + strlen(pattern),
+                        string, string + strlen(string));
+  }
+  bool string_match(const char* pattern, const char* pattern_end,
+                    const char* string, const char* string_end) {
+    const char* patp = pattern;
+    switch (_pattern_getc(patp, pattern_end)) {
+    case string_match_eos:
+      return false;  // Empty pattern is always false.
+    case string_match_star:
+      if (patp == pattern_end) {
+        return true;   // Lone star pattern is always true.
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    patp = pattern;  // Reset after lookahead.
+    const char* matchp = string;  // nullptr if failing
+    for (;;) {
+      int ch = _pattern_getc(patp, pattern_end);
+      switch (ch) {
+      case string_match_eos:
+      case string_match_comma:
+        // End of a list item; see if it's a match.
+        if (matchp == string_end) {
+          return true;
+        }
+        if (ch == string_match_comma) {
+          // Get ready to match the next item.
+          matchp = string;
+          continue;
+        }
+        return false;  // End of all items.
+
+      case string_match_star:
+        if (matchp != nullptr) {
+          // Wildcard:  Parse out following anchor word and look for it.
+          const char* begp = patp;
+          const char* endp = patp;
+          int anchor_len = 0;
+          for (;;) {
+            // get as many following regular characters as possible
+            endp = patp;
+            ch = _pattern_getc(patp, pattern_end);
+            if (ch <= 0) {
+              break;
+            }
+            anchor_len += 1;
+          }
+          // Anchor word [begp..endp) does not contain ch, so back up.
+          // Now do an eager match to the anchor word, and commit to it.
+          patp = endp;
+          if (ch == string_match_eos ||
+              ch == string_match_comma) {
+            // Anchor word is at end of pattern, so treat it as a fixed pattern.
+            const char* limitp = string_end - anchor_len;
+            matchp = limitp;
+            patp = begp;
+            // Resume normal scanning at the only possible match position.
+            continue;
+          }
+          // Find a floating occurrence of the anchor and continue matching.
+          // Note:  This is greedy; there is no backtrack here.  Good enough.
+          matchp = skip_anchor_word(matchp, string_end, anchor_len, begp, endp);
+        }
+        continue;
+      }
+      // Normal character.
+      if (matchp != nullptr) {
+        int mch = _string_getc(matchp, string_end);
+        if (mch != ch) {
+          matchp = nullptr;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+// Match a wildcarded class list to a proposed class name (in internal form).
+// Commas or newlines separate multiple possible matches; stars are shell-style wildcards.
+class ClassListMatcher : public StringMatcher {
+ public:
+  ClassListMatcher()
+    : StringMatcher(pattern_list_getc, class_name_getc)
+  { }
+
+ private:
+  static int pattern_list_getc(const char* &pattern_ptr,
+                               const char* pattern_end) {
+    if (pattern_ptr == pattern_end) {
+      return string_match_eos;
+    }
+    int ch = (unsigned char) *pattern_ptr++;
+    switch (ch) {
+    case ' ': case '\t': case '\n': case '\r':
+    case ',':
+      // End of list item.
+      for (;;) {
+        switch (*pattern_ptr) {
+        case ' ': case '\t': case '\n': case '\r':
+        case ',':
+          pattern_ptr += 1;  // Collapse multiple commas or spaces.
+          continue;
+        }
+        break;
+      }
+      return string_match_comma;
+
+    case '*':
+      // Wildcard, matching any number of chars.
+      while (*pattern_ptr == '*') {
+        pattern_ptr += 1;  // Collapse multiple stars.
+      }
+      return string_match_star;
+
+    case '.':
+      ch = '/';   // Look for internal form of package separator
+      break;
+
+    case '\\':
+      // Superquote in pattern escapes * , whitespace, and itself.
+      if (pattern_ptr < pattern_end) {
+        ch = (unsigned char) *pattern_ptr++;
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+
+    assert(ch > 0, "regular char only");
+    return ch;
+  }
+
+  static int class_name_getc(const char* &name_ptr,
+                             const char* name_end) {
+    if (name_ptr == name_end) {
+      return string_match_eos;
+    }
+    int ch = (unsigned char) *name_ptr++;
+    if (ch == '.') {
+      ch = '/';   // Normalize to internal form of package separator
+    }
+    return ch;  // plain character
+  }
+};
+
+bool StringUtils::class_list_match(const char* class_pattern_list,
+                                   const char* class_name) {
+  if (class_pattern_list == nullptr || class_name == nullptr || class_name[0] == '\0')
+    return false;
+  ClassListMatcher clm;
+  return clm.string_match(class_pattern_list, class_name);
+}
+
+
 const char* StringUtils::strstr_nocase(const char* haystack, const char* needle) {
   if (needle[0] == '\0') {
     return haystack; // empty needle matches with anything
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/stringUtils.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/stringUtils.hpp
index 66c8d30c7c0..b10fd4a00ef 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/stringUtils.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/stringUtils.hpp
@@ -42,6 +42,10 @@ class StringUtils : AllStatic {
   // Compute string similarity based on Dice's coefficient
   static double similarity(const char* str1, size_t len1, const char* str2, size_t len2);
 
+  // Match a wildcarded class list to a proposed class name (in internal form).
+  // Commas separate multiple possible matches; stars are shell-style wildcards.
+  static bool class_list_match(const char* class_list, const char* class_name);
+
   // Find needle in haystack, case insensitive.
   // Custom implementation of strcasestr, as it is not available on windows.
   static const char* strstr_nocase(const char* haystack, const char* needle);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/tuple.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/tuple.hpp
index 8990ea6da3f..d6095121507 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/tuple.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/tuple.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-* Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+* Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ class Tuple<T, Ts...> {
   Tuple<Ts...> _remaining;
 
 public:
+  constexpr explicit Tuple() noexcept : _first(), _remaining() {}
+
   constexpr Tuple(const T& first, const Ts&... remaining) noexcept
     : _first(first), _remaining(remaining...) {}
 
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/Externalizable.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/Externalizable.java
index 84029fc5f3a..10e660c19ba 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/Externalizable.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/Externalizable.java
@@ -29,31 +29,54 @@
 import java.io.ObjectInput;
 
 /**
- * Only the identity of the class of an Externalizable instance is
+ * A {@code Serializable} class that fully implements its own protocol
+ * for reading and writing to a serialization stream.
+ * <p>
+ * Only the identity of the class of an {@code Externalizable} instance is
  * written in the serialization stream and it is the responsibility
  * of the class to save and restore the contents of its instances.
- *
- * The writeExternal and readExternal methods of the Externalizable
- * interface are implemented by a class to give the class complete
- * control over the format and contents of the stream for an object
- * and its supertypes. These methods must explicitly
+ * The {@code writeExternal} and {@code readExternal} methods give the
+ * class complete control over the format and contents of the stream
+ * for an object and its supertypes. These methods must explicitly
  * coordinate with the supertype to save its state. These methods supersede
- * customized implementations of writeObject and readObject methods.<br>
- *
- * Object Serialization uses the Serializable and Externalizable
+ * customized implementations of {@code writeObject} and {@code readObject}
+ * methods.
+ * <p>
+ * Object Serialization uses the {@code Serializable} and {@code Externalizable}
  * interfaces.  Object persistence mechanisms can use them as well.  Each
- * object to be stored is tested for the Externalizable interface. If
- * the object supports Externalizable, the writeExternal method is called. If the
- * object does not support Externalizable and does implement
- * Serializable, the object is saved using
- * ObjectOutputStream. <br> When an Externalizable object is
- * reconstructed, an instance is created using the public no-arg
- * constructor, then the readExternal method called.  Serializable
- * objects are restored by reading them from an ObjectInputStream.<br>
+ * object to be stored is tested for the {@code Externalizable} interface. If
+ * the object supports {@code Externalizable}, the {@code writeExternal} method
+ * is called. If the object does not support {@code Externalizable} and does
+ * implement {@code Serializable}, the object is saved using
+ * {@code ObjectOutputStream}.
+ * <p>
+ * When an {@code Externalizable} object is reconstructed, an instance is
+ * created using the public no-arg constructor, then the
+ * {@code readExternal} method called.
+ * <p>
+ * An {@code Externalizable} instance can designate a substitution object via
+ * the {@code writeReplace} and {@code readResolve} methods documented in the
+ * {@link Serializable} interface.
+ * <p>
+ * Record classes can implement {@code Externalizable}, but it is ignored:
+ * instances will receive the same treatment as other {@code Serializable}
+ * instances, as defined by the
+ * <a href="{@docRoot}/../specs/serialization/serial-arch.html#serialization-of-records">
+ * <cite>Java Object Serialization Specification,</cite> Section 1.13,
+ * "Serialization of Records"</a>.
  *
- * An Externalizable instance can designate a substitution object via
- * the writeReplace and readResolve methods documented in the Serializable
- * interface.<br>
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          <p>{@linkplain Class#isValue Value classes} that are not records are
+ *          permitted to implement {@code Externalizable}, but the class has no
+ *          mutable fields, and so is unlikely to be able to properly implement
+ *          the {@code readExternal} method. Instead, the {@code writeReplace}
+ *          method should be used to designate an alternative object for
+ *          serialization. At deserialization time, the alternative object can
+ *          implement {@code readResolve} to construct the expected value class
+ *          instance.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @see java.io.ObjectOutputStream
  * @see java.io.ObjectInputStream
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/InvalidClassException.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/InvalidClassException.java
index be187597726..3f7714b9757 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/InvalidClassException.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/InvalidClassException.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -28,16 +28,18 @@
 /**
  * Thrown when the Serialization runtime detects one of the following
  * problems with a Class.
- * <UL>
- * <LI> The serial version of the class does not match that of the class
- *      descriptor read from the stream
- * <LI> The class contains unknown datatypes
- * <LI> The class does not have an accessible no-arg constructor
- * <LI> The ObjectStreamClass of an enum constant does not represent
- *      an enum type
- * <LI> Other conditions given in the <cite>Java Object Serialization
+ * <ul>
+ * <li>The serial version of the class does not match that of the class
+ *     descriptor read from the stream
+ * <li>The class contains unknown datatypes
+ * <li>The class does not have an accessible no-arg constructor
+ * <li>The ObjectStreamClass of an enum constant does not represent
+ *     an enum type
+ * <li>The class declares or inherits any strictly-initialized instance field
+ * <li>A {@linkplain Class#isValue value class} cannot be serialized
+ * <li> Other conditions given in the <cite>Java Object Serialization
  *      Specification</cite>
- * </UL>
+ * </ul>
  *
  * @since   1.1
  */
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/ObjectInputStream.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/ObjectInputStream.java
index cd6bd7683f7..4374ca6a69f 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/ObjectInputStream.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/ObjectInputStream.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 package java.io;
 
 import java.io.ObjectInputFilter.Config;
-import java.io.ObjectStreamClass.RecordSupport;
+import java.io.ObjectStreamClass.AlternativeDeserialization;
 import java.lang.System.Logger;
 import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
 import java.lang.reflect.Array;
@@ -235,6 +235,17 @@
  * <cite>Java Object Serialization Specification,</cite> Section 1.13,
  * "Serialization of Records"</a> for additional information.
  *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          <p>{@linkplain Class#isValue Value classes} that are not records cannot be
+ *          deserialized directly. To serialize an instance of a value class, a proxy
+ *          object should be used instead. That object can then implement
+ *          <a href="{@docRoot}/../specs/serialization/input.html#the-readresolve-method">
+ *          {@code readResolve}</a> to construct and return the expected value class
+ *          instance.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
+ *
  * @spec serialization/index.html Java Object Serialization Specification
  * @author      Mike Warres
  * @author      Roger Riggs
@@ -430,6 +441,17 @@ protected ObjectInputStream() throws IOException {
      * the InputStream and leave it in an indeterminate state; it is up to the
      * caller to ignore or recover the stream state.
      *
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     *          <p>An object in the stream that instantiates a concrete
+     *          {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}, or that extends a
+     *          Serializable abstract value class that declares instance fields,
+     *          can only be deserialized if it is a record or a boxed primitive
+     *          value. Otherwise, {@code readObject} throws an
+     *          {@code InvalidClassException}.
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
+     *
      * @throws  ClassNotFoundException Class of a serialized object cannot be
      *          found.
      * @throws  InvalidClassException Something is wrong with a class used by
@@ -2122,9 +2144,9 @@ private Object readOrdinaryObject(boolean unshared)
         }
 
         final boolean isRecord = desc.isRecord();
-        if (isRecord) {
+        if (isRecord || desc.hasDeserializer()) {
             assert obj == null;
-            obj = readRecord(desc);
+            obj = readAlternative(desc);
             if (!unshared)
                 handles.setObject(passHandle, obj);
         } else if (desc.isExternalizable()) {
@@ -2214,13 +2236,14 @@ private void readExternalData(Externalizable obj, ObjectStreamClass desc)
     }
 
     /**
-     * Reads and returns a record.
+     * Reads and returns an alternatively-deserialized object, such as a record
+     * or a wrapper class as a value class.
      * If an exception is marked for any of the fields, the dependency
-     * mechanism marks the record as having an exception.
-     * Null is returned from readRecord and later the exception is thrown at
+     * mechanism marks the object as having an exception.
+     * Null is returned from readFromFactory and later the exception is thrown at
      * the exit of {@link #readObject(Class)}.
      */
-    private Object readRecord(ObjectStreamClass desc) throws IOException {
+    private Object readAlternative(ObjectStreamClass desc) throws IOException {
         ObjectStreamClass.ClassDataSlot[] slots = desc.getClassDataLayout();
         if (slots.length != 1) {
             // skip any superclass stream field values
@@ -2233,17 +2256,17 @@ private Object readRecord(ObjectStreamClass desc) throws IOException {
 
         FieldValues fieldValues = new FieldValues(desc, true);
         if (handles.lookupException(passHandle) != null) {
-            return null;     // slot marked with exception, don't create record
+            return null;     // slot marked with exception, don't create object
         }
 
-        // get canonical record constructor adapted to take two arguments:
+        // get the factory adapted to take two arguments:
         // - byte[] primValues
         // - Object[] objValues
         // and return Object
-        MethodHandle ctrMH = RecordSupport.deserializationCtr(desc);
+        MethodHandle factoryMH = AlternativeDeserialization.getFactory(desc);
 
         try {
-            return (Object) ctrMH.invokeExact(fieldValues.primValues, fieldValues.objValues);
+            return (Object) factoryMH.invokeExact(fieldValues.primValues, fieldValues.objValues);
         } catch (Exception e) {
             throw new InvalidObjectException(e.getMessage(), e);
         } catch (Error e) {
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/ObjectOutputStream.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/ObjectOutputStream.java
index 40777ca1587..7df17f770d3 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/ObjectOutputStream.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/ObjectOutputStream.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2024, Alibaba Group Holding Limited. All Rights Reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -160,6 +160,17 @@
  * <p>Records are serialized differently than ordinary serializable or externalizable
  * objects, see <a href="ObjectInputStream.html#record-serialization">record serialization</a>.
  *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          <p>{@linkplain Class#isValue Value classes} that are not records cannot be
+ *          serialized directly. To serialize an instance of a value class, the
+ *          <a href="{@docRoot}/../specs/serialization/output.html#the-writereplace-method">
+ *          {@code writeReplace}</a> method can provide a proxy object instead. That
+ *          object can then be serialized, and used to reconstruct the expected value
+ *          class instance at deserialization time.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
+ *
  * @spec serialization/index.html Java Object Serialization Specification
  * @author      Mike Warres
  * @author      Roger Riggs
@@ -311,6 +322,18 @@ public void useProtocolVersion(int version) throws IOException {
      * OutputStream, which is left in an indeterminate state, and it is up to
      * the caller to ignore or recover the stream state.
      *
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     *          <p>An object that instantiates a concrete
+     *          {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}, or that extends a
+     *          Serializable abstract value class that declares instance fields,
+     *          can only be serialized if it is a record, or it implements
+     *          {@code writeReplace}, or it is a boxed primitive value.
+     *          Otherwise, {@code writeObject} throws an
+     *          {@code InvalidClassException}.
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
+     *
      * @throws  InvalidClassException Something is wrong with a class used by
      *          serialization.
      * @throws  NotSerializableException Some object to be serialized does not
@@ -1314,6 +1337,7 @@ private void writeOrdinaryObject(Object obj,
             if (desc.isRecord()) {
                 writeRecordData(obj, desc);
             } else if (desc.isExternalizable() && !desc.isProxy()) {
+                assert !desc.requiresDeserializer() : "Should be caught in checkSerialize";
                 writeExternalData((Externalizable) obj);
             } else {
                 writeSerialData(obj, desc);
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/ObjectStreamClass.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/ObjectStreamClass.java
index 4fb9847a4e8..631a17e93fd 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/ObjectStreamClass.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/ObjectStreamClass.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
 import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
 import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
+import java.lang.reflect.Executable;
 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
 import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
 import java.lang.reflect.RecordComponent;
@@ -42,15 +43,19 @@
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
 import jdk.internal.event.SerializationMisdeclarationEvent;
 import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
 import jdk.internal.reflect.ReflectionFactory;
 import jdk.internal.util.ByteArray;
+import jdk.internal.value.Deserializer;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
 
 /**
  * Serialization's descriptor for classes.  It contains the name and
@@ -117,6 +122,11 @@ protected Map<FieldReflectorKey, FieldReflector> computeValue(Class<?> type) {
     private boolean isEnum;
     /** true if represents record type */
     private boolean isRecord;
+    /** true if represented class cannot use allocate-and-fill deserialization,
+     * due to value class or strict field initialization restrictions.
+     * Such a class either has a deserializer or has both serialize/deserialize
+     * exceptions once initialized. */
+    private boolean requiresDeserializer;
     /** true if represented class implements Serializable */
     private boolean serializable;
     /** true if represented class implements Externalizable */
@@ -182,10 +192,14 @@ InvalidClassException newInvalidClassException() {
     private MethodHandle canonicalCtr;
     /** cache of record deserialization constructors per unique set of stream fields
      * (shared among OSCs for same class), or null */
-    private DeserializationConstructorsCache deserializationCtrs;
-    /** session-cache of record deserialization constructor
+    private RecordConstructorsCache cachedRecordConstructors;
+    /** session-cache of deserialization factory
      * (in de-serialized OSC only), or null */
-    private MethodHandle deserializationCtr;
+    private MethodHandle cachedAlternativeFactory;
+    /** value deserialization factory method or constructor identified by
+     * {@link Deserializer}, used when regular deserialization is
+     * illegal but deserialization support is required. */
+    private Executable deserializer;
 
     /** class-defined writeObject method, or null if none */
     private Method writeObjectMethod;
@@ -341,10 +355,23 @@ private ObjectStreamClass(final Class<?> cl) {
         serializable = Serializable.class.isAssignableFrom(cl);
         externalizable = Externalizable.class.isAssignableFrom(cl);
 
+        // Non-serializable superclasses may declare strictly-initialized instance
+        // fields while their subclasses remain serializable through default
+        // serialization, because the superclass constructors that initialize
+        // those fields are called by default serialization.
+        // Abstract value classes that do not declare any strictly-initialized
+        // instance field, like java.lang.Number, are allowed because no field
+        // initialization is skipped by default serialization.
+        requiresDeserializer = serializable && (ValueClass.isConcreteValueClass(cl) || ValueClass.hasStrictInstanceField(cl));
+
         Class<?> superCl = cl.getSuperclass();
         superDesc = (superCl != null) ? lookup(superCl, false) : null;
         localDesc = this;
 
+        if (superDesc != null) {
+            requiresDeserializer |= superDesc.requiresDeserializer;
+        }
+
         if (serializable) {
             if (isEnum) {
                 suid = 0L;
@@ -364,7 +391,18 @@ private ObjectStreamClass(final Class<?> cl) {
 
                 if (isRecord) {
                     canonicalCtr = canonicalRecordCtr(cl);
-                    deserializationCtrs = new DeserializationConstructorsCache();
+                    cachedRecordConstructors = new RecordConstructorsCache();
+                } else if (requiresDeserializer) {
+                    // Concrete value classes and classes with strict instance
+                    // fields must not breach their integrity with the serializable
+                    // constructor. Make sure they fail also upon serialization
+                    // in addition to deserialization if they don't have a
+                    // correct internal @Deserializer
+                    deserializer = findDeserializer(cl, fields);
+                    if (deserializer == null) {
+                        serializeEx = deserializeEx = new ExceptionInfo(cl.getName(),
+                                "cannot serialize due to final value class or strictly-initialized instance fields");
+                    }
                 } else if (externalizable) {
                     cons = getExternalizableConstructor(cl);
                 } else {
@@ -399,7 +437,7 @@ private ObjectStreamClass(final Class<?> cl) {
         if (deserializeEx == null) {
             if (isEnum) {
                 deserializeEx = new ExceptionInfo(name, "enum type");
-            } else if (cons == null && !isRecord) {
+            } else if (cons == null && !isRecord && deserializer == null) {
                 deserializeEx = new ExceptionInfo(name, "no valid constructor");
             }
         }
@@ -536,10 +574,11 @@ void initNonProxy(ObjectStreamClass model,
         if (osc != null) {
             localDesc = osc;
             isRecord = localDesc.isRecord;
+            requiresDeserializer = localDesc.requiresDeserializer;
             // canonical record constructor is shared
             canonicalCtr = localDesc.canonicalCtr;
             // cache of deserialization constructors is shared
-            deserializationCtrs = localDesc.deserializationCtrs;
+            cachedRecordConstructors = localDesc.cachedRecordConstructors;
             writeObjectMethod = localDesc.writeObjectMethod;
             readObjectMethod = localDesc.readObjectMethod;
             readObjectNoDataMethod = localDesc.readObjectNoDataMethod;
@@ -550,6 +589,7 @@ void initNonProxy(ObjectStreamClass model,
             }
             assert cl.isRecord() ? localDesc.cons == null : true;
             cons = localDesc.cons;
+            deserializer = localDesc.deserializer;
         }
 
         fieldRefl = getReflector(fields, localDesc);
@@ -816,6 +856,24 @@ boolean isSerializable() {
         return serializable;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * {@return whether this class must use a deserialize factory}
+     * Concrete value classes and classes declaring strict fields cannot use the
+     * standard allocate-and-fill deserialization process.
+     */
+    boolean requiresDeserializer() {
+        requireInitialized();
+        return requiresDeserializer;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@return whether this class declares a deserialize factory}
+     */
+    boolean hasDeserializer() {
+        requireInitialized();
+        return deserializer != null;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Returns true if class descriptor represents externalizable class that
      * has written its data in 1.2 (block data) format, false otherwise.
@@ -1294,6 +1352,76 @@ private ObjectStreamClass getVariantFor(Class<?> cl)
         return desc;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Return an Executable for the static method or constructor(s) that matches the
+     * serializable fields and annotated with {@link Deserializer}.
+     * The descriptor for the class is still being initialized, so is passed the fields needed.
+     * @param clazz The class to query
+     * @param fields the serializable fields of the class
+     * @return an Executable, null if none found
+     */
+    private static Executable findDeserializer(Class<?> clazz,
+                                               ObjectStreamField[] fields) {
+        if (clazz.getClassLoader() != null) {
+            // Only for boot loader classes
+            return null;
+        }
+        return Stream.concat(
+                Arrays.stream(clazz.getDeclaredMethods()).filter(m -> Modifier.isStatic(m.getModifiers())),
+                Arrays.stream(clazz.getDeclaredConstructors()))
+                .<Executable>mapMulti((exec, sink) -> {
+                    if (!isDeserializer(exec, fields))
+                        return;
+                    exec.setAccessible(true);
+                    sink.accept(exec);
+                })
+                .findFirst().orElse(null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check that an executable is a valid deserializer declaration for
+     * this class. This checks parameters types of the executable and the
+     * names identified by the deserializer annotation against the fields
+     * of this class.
+     *
+     * @return true if exec is a valid deserializer
+     */
+    private static boolean isDeserializer(Executable exec,
+                                          ObjectStreamField[] fields) {
+        if (exec.getParameterCount() != fields.length) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        var deserializer = exec.getDeclaredAnnotation(Deserializer.class);
+        if (deserializer == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        String[] names = deserializer.value();
+        if (names.length != fields.length) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        Map<String, Integer> map = HashMap.newHashMap(names.length);
+        for (int i = 0; i < names.length; i++) {
+            if (map.put(names[i], i) != null) {
+                return false; // Duplicate names in the factory
+            }
+        }
+
+        var params = exec.getParameterTypes();
+        for (ObjectStreamField field : fields) {
+            Integer i = map.get(field.getName());
+            if (i == null) {
+                return false; // Name not accounted by the factory
+            }
+            if (!field.getType().equals(params[i])) {
+                return false; // Name match, type mismatch
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Returns public no-arg constructor of given class, or null if none found.
      * Access checks are disabled on the returned constructor (if any), since
@@ -1789,9 +1917,11 @@ private static final class FieldReflector {
         private final long[] writeKeys;
         /** field data offsets */
         private final int[] offsets;
+        /** field layouts, only used by reference fields */
+        private final int[] layouts;
         /** field type codes */
         private final char[] typeCodes;
-        /** field types */
+        /** reference field types, only fields.length - numPrimFields items */
         private final Class<?>[] types;
 
         /**
@@ -1807,6 +1937,7 @@ private static final class FieldReflector {
             readKeys = new long[nfields];
             writeKeys = new long[nfields];
             offsets = new int[nfields];
+            layouts = new int[nfields];
             typeCodes = new char[nfields];
             ArrayList<Class<?>> typeList = new ArrayList<>();
             Set<Long> usedKeys = new HashSet<>();
@@ -1821,6 +1952,7 @@ private static final class FieldReflector {
                 writeKeys[i] = usedKeys.add(key) ?
                     key : Unsafe.INVALID_FIELD_OFFSET;
                 offsets[i] = f.getOffset();
+                layouts[i] = rf != null && !f.isPrimitive() ? UNSAFE.fieldLayout(rf) : Unsafe.NON_FLAT_LAYOUT;
                 typeCodes[i] = f.getTypeCode();
                 if (!f.isPrimitive()) {
                     typeList.add((rf != null) ? rf.getType() : null);
@@ -1915,7 +2047,10 @@ void getObjFieldValues(Object obj, Object[] vals) {
              */
             for (int i = numPrimFields; i < fields.length; i++) {
                 vals[offsets[i]] = switch (typeCodes[i]) {
-                    case 'L', '[' -> UNSAFE.getReference(obj, readKeys[i]);
+                    case 'L', '[' ->
+                            layouts[i] == Unsafe.NON_FLAT_LAYOUT
+                                    ? UNSAFE.getReference(obj, readKeys[i])
+                                    : UNSAFE.getFlatValue(obj, readKeys[i], layouts[i], types[i - numPrimFields]);
                     default       -> throw new InternalError();
                 };
             }
@@ -1965,8 +2100,13 @@ private void setObjFieldValues(Object obj, Object[] vals, boolean dryRun) {
                                 f.getType().getName() + " in instance of " +
                                 obj.getClass().getName());
                         }
-                        if (!dryRun)
-                            UNSAFE.putReference(obj, key, val);
+                        if (!dryRun) {
+                            if (layouts[i] == Unsafe.NON_FLAT_LAYOUT) {
+                                UNSAFE.putReference(obj, key, val);
+                            } else {
+                                UNSAFE.putFlatValue(obj, key, layouts[i], types[i - numPrimFields], val);
+                            }
+                        }
                     }
                     default -> throw new InternalError();
                 }
@@ -2099,8 +2239,8 @@ private static ObjectStreamField[] matchFields(ObjectStreamField[] fields,
      * A LRA cache of record deserialization constructors.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("serial")
-    private static final class DeserializationConstructorsCache
-        extends ConcurrentHashMap<DeserializationConstructorsCache.Key, MethodHandle>  {
+    private static final class RecordConstructorsCache
+        extends ConcurrentHashMap<RecordConstructorsCache.Key, MethodHandle>  {
 
         // keep max. 10 cached entries - when the 11th element is inserted the oldest
         // is removed and 10 remains - 11 is the biggest map size where internal
@@ -2108,7 +2248,7 @@ private static final class DeserializationConstructorsCache
         private static final int MAX_SIZE = 10;
         private Key.Impl first, last; // first and last in FIFO queue
 
-        DeserializationConstructorsCache() {
+        RecordConstructorsCache() {
             // start small - if there is more than one shape of ObjectStreamClass
             // deserialized, there will typically be two (current version and previous version)
             super(2);
@@ -2208,28 +2348,72 @@ static final class Impl extends Key {
         }
     }
 
-    /** Record specific support for retrieving and binding stream field values. */
-    static final class RecordSupport {
+    /** Support for retrieving and binding stream field values for alternative
+     * deserialization of record and factory-based value classes. */
+    static final class AlternativeDeserialization {
         /**
-         * Returns canonical record constructor adapted to take two arguments:
+         * Returns factory method handle adapted to take two arguments:
          * {@code (byte[] primValues, Object[] objValues)}
          * and return
          * {@code Object}
          */
-        static MethodHandle deserializationCtr(ObjectStreamClass desc) {
+        static MethodHandle getFactory(ObjectStreamClass desc) {
             // check the cached value 1st
-            MethodHandle mh = desc.deserializationCtr;
+            MethodHandle mh = desc.cachedAlternativeFactory;
+            if (mh != null) return mh;
+
+            mh = desc.isRecord() ? recordConstructor(desc) : deserializer(desc);
+
+            // store into cache
+            return desc.cachedAlternativeFactory = mh;
+        }
+
+        private static MethodHandle recordConstructor(ObjectStreamClass desc) {
+            // check the cached value 1st
+            MethodHandle mh = desc.cachedRecordConstructors.get(desc.getFields(false));
             if (mh != null) return mh;
-            mh = desc.deserializationCtrs.get(desc.getFields(false));
-            if (mh != null) return desc.deserializationCtr = mh;
 
             // retrieve record components
             RecordComponent[] recordComponents = desc.forClass().getRecordComponents();
 
+            var types = Arrays.stream(recordComponents).map(RecordComponent::getType).toArray(Class<?>[]::new);
+            var names = Arrays.stream(recordComponents).map(RecordComponent::getName).toArray(String[]::new);
+            int count = recordComponents.length;
             // retrieve the canonical constructor
             // (T1, T2, ..., Tn):TR
             mh = desc.getRecordConstructor();
 
+            mh = buildMethodHandle(desc, mh, types, names, count);
+
+            // store it into cache and return the 1st value stored
+            mh = desc.cachedRecordConstructors.putIfAbsentAndGet(desc.getFields(false), mh);
+
+            return mh;
+        }
+
+        private static MethodHandle deserializer(ObjectStreamClass desc) {
+            Executable deserializer = desc.deserializer;
+            var types = deserializer.getParameterTypes();
+            String[] names = deserializer.getDeclaredAnnotation(Deserializer.class).value();
+            int count = types.length;
+
+            MethodHandle mh;
+            var lookup = MethodHandles.publicLookup();
+            try {
+                mh = deserializer instanceof Method m ? lookup.unreflect(m)
+                        : lookup.unreflectConstructor((Constructor<?>) deserializer);
+            } catch (ReflectiveOperationException e) {
+                throw new InternalError(e);
+            }
+
+            return buildMethodHandle(desc, mh, types, names, count);
+        }
+
+        private static MethodHandle buildMethodHandle(ObjectStreamClass desc,
+                                                      MethodHandle mh,
+                                                      Class<?>[] types,
+                                                      String[] names,
+                                                      int count) {
             // change return type to Object
             // (T1, T2, ..., Tn):TR -> (T1, T2, ..., Tn):Object
             mh = mh.asType(mh.type().changeReturnType(Object.class));
@@ -2238,9 +2422,9 @@ static MethodHandle deserializationCtr(ObjectStreamClass desc) {
             // (T1, T2, ..., Tn):Object -> (T1, T2, ..., Tn, byte[], Object[]):Object
             mh = MethodHandles.dropArguments(mh, mh.type().parameterCount(), byte[].class, Object[].class);
 
-            for (int i = recordComponents.length-1; i >= 0; i--) {
-                String name = recordComponents[i].getName();
-                Class<?> type = recordComponents[i].getType();
+            for (int i = count-1; i >= 0; i--) {
+                String name = names[i];
+                Class<?> type = types[i];
                 // obtain stream field extractor that extracts argument at
                 // position i (Ti+1) from primValues and objValues arrays
                 // (byte[], Object[]):Ti+1
@@ -2252,10 +2436,7 @@ static MethodHandle deserializationCtr(ObjectStreamClass desc) {
             // what we are left with is a MethodHandle taking just the primValues
             // and objValues arrays and returning the constructed record instance
             // (byte[], Object[]):Object
-
-            // store it into cache and return the 1st value stored
-            return desc.deserializationCtr =
-                desc.deserializationCtrs.putIfAbsentAndGet(desc.getFields(false), mh);
+            return mh;
         }
 
         /** Returns the number of primitive fields for the given descriptor. */
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/Serializable.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/Serializable.java
index 53b427ef8e9..ef35f129ff6 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/Serializable.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/Serializable.java
@@ -35,14 +35,14 @@
  * {@extLink secure_coding_guidelines_javase Secure Coding Guidelines for Java SE}.
  * {@extLink serialization_filter_guide Serialization Filtering} describes best
  * practices for defensive use of serial filters.
- * </strong></p>
- *
+ * </strong>
+ * <p>
  * Classes that do not implement this
  * interface will not have any of their state serialized or
  * deserialized.  All subtypes of a serializable class are themselves
  * serializable.  The serialization interface has no methods or fields
- * and serves only to identify the semantics of being serializable. <p>
- *
+ * and serves only to identify the semantics of being serializable.
+ * <p>
  * It is possible for subtypes of non-serializable classes to be serialized
  * and deserialized. During serialization, no data will be written for the
  * fields of non-serializable superclasses. During deserialization, the fields of non-serializable
@@ -55,13 +55,13 @@
  * the <a href="{@docRoot}/../specs/serialization/input.html#the-objectinputstream-class">
  * <cite>Java Object Serialization Specification,</cite></a> section 3.1, for
  * a detailed specification of the deserialization process, including handling of
- * serializable and non-serializable classes. <p>
- *
+ * serializable and non-serializable classes.
+ * <p>
  * When traversing a graph, an object may be encountered that does not
  * support the Serializable interface. In this case the
  * NotSerializableException will be thrown and will identify the class
- * of the non-serializable object. <p>
- *
+ * of the non-serializable object.
+ * <p>
  * Classes that require special handling during the serialization and
  * deserialization process must implement special methods with these exact
  * signatures:
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
  *     throws ObjectStreamException;
  * </PRE>
  *
- * <p>The writeObject method is responsible for writing the state of the
+ * The writeObject method is responsible for writing the state of the
  * object for its particular class so that the corresponding
  * readObject method can restore it.  The default mechanism for saving
  * the Object's fields can be invoked by calling
@@ -84,8 +84,8 @@
  * State is saved by writing the individual fields to the
  * ObjectOutputStream using the writeObject method or by using the
  * methods for primitive data types supported by DataOutput.
- *
- * <p>The readObject method is responsible for reading from the stream and
+ * <p>
+ * The readObject method is responsible for reading from the stream and
  * restoring the classes fields. It may call in.defaultReadObject to invoke
  * the default mechanism for restoring the object's non-static and
  * non-transient fields.  The defaultReadObject method uses information in
@@ -96,8 +96,8 @@
  * State is restored by reading data from the ObjectInputStream for
  * the individual fields and making assignments to the appropriate fields
  * of the object. Reading primitive data types is supported by DataInput.
- *
- * <p>The readObjectNoData method is responsible for initializing the state of
+ * <p>
+ * The readObjectNoData method is responsible for initializing the state of
  * the object for its particular class in the event that the serialization
  * stream does not list the given class as a superclass of the object being
  * deserialized.  This may occur in cases where the receiving party uses a
@@ -107,43 +107,55 @@
  * been tampered; hence, readObjectNoData is useful for initializing
  * deserialized objects properly despite a "hostile" or incomplete source
  * stream.
- *
- * <p>Serializable classes that need to designate an alternative object to be
+ * <p>
+ * Serializable classes that need to designate an alternative object to be
  * used when writing an object to the stream should implement this
  * special method with the exact signature:
  *
  * <PRE>
  * ANY-ACCESS-MODIFIER Object writeReplace() throws ObjectStreamException;
- * </PRE><p>
+ * </PRE>
  *
  * This writeReplace method is invoked by serialization if the method
  * exists and it would be accessible from a method defined within the
  * class of the object being serialized. Thus, the method can have private,
  * protected and package-private access. Subclass access to this method
- * follows java accessibility rules. <p>
- *
+ * follows java accessibility rules.
+ * <p>
  * Classes that need to designate a replacement when an instance of it
  * is read from the stream should implement this special method with the
  * exact signature.
  *
  * <PRE>
  * ANY-ACCESS-MODIFIER Object readResolve() throws ObjectStreamException;
- * </PRE><p>
+ * </PRE>
  *
  * This readResolve method follows the same invocation rules and
- * accessibility rules as writeReplace.<p>
- *
+ * accessibility rules as writeReplace.
+ * <p>
  * Enum types are all serializable and receive treatment defined by
  * the <a href="{@docRoot}/../specs/serialization/index.html"><cite>
  * Java Object Serialization Specification</cite></a> during
  * serialization and deserialization. Any declarations of the special
- * handling methods discussed above are ignored for enum types.<p>
- *
+ * handling methods discussed above are ignored for enum types.
+ * <p>
  * Record classes can implement {@code Serializable} and receive treatment defined
  * by the <a href="{@docRoot}/../specs/serialization/serial-arch.html#serialization-of-records">
  * <cite>Java Object Serialization Specification,</cite> Section 1.13,
  * "Serialization of Records"</a>. Any declarations of the special
- * handling methods discussed above are ignored for record types.<p>
+ * handling methods discussed above, except {@code writeReplace},
+ * are ignored for record types.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          <p>{@linkplain Class#isValue Value classes} that are not records can
+ *          implement {@code Serializable}, but cannot be serialized directly. Instead,
+ *          the {@code writeReplace} method should be used to designate an alternative
+ *          object for serialization. At deserialization time, the alternative object
+ *          can implement {@code readResolve} to construct the expected value class
+ *          instance.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * The serialization runtime associates with each serializable class a version
  * number, called a serialVersionUID, which is used during deserialization to
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Boolean.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Boolean.java
index 49ab80edfea..af1b2531071 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Boolean.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Boolean.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1994, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1994, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 
 package java.lang;
 
+import jdk.internal.value.Deserializer;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.IntrinsicCandidate;
 
 import java.lang.constant.Constable;
@@ -45,17 +46,26 @@
  * {@code boolean}.
  *
  * <p>This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code Boolean} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @author  Arthur van Hoff
  * @since   1.0
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class Boolean implements java.io.Serializable,
-                                      Comparable<Boolean>, Constable
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class Boolean
+        implements java.io.Serializable, Comparable<Boolean>, Constable
 {
     /**
      * The {@code Boolean} object corresponding to the primitive
@@ -101,6 +111,7 @@ public final class Boolean implements java.io.Serializable,
      * if possible.
      */
     @Deprecated(since="9")
+    @Deserializer("value")
     public Boolean(boolean value) {
         this.value = value;
     }
@@ -157,13 +168,26 @@ public boolean booleanValue() {
 
     /**
      * Returns a {@code Boolean} instance representing the specified
-     * {@code boolean} value.  If the specified {@code boolean} value
-     * is {@code true}, this method returns {@code Boolean.TRUE};
-     * if it is {@code false}, this method returns {@code Boolean.FALSE}.
-     * If a new {@code Boolean} instance is not required, this method
-     * should generally be used in preference to the constructor
-     * {@link #Boolean(boolean)}, as this method is likely to yield
-     * significantly better space and time performance.
+     * {@code boolean} value.
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     *          <p>
+     *              - When preview features are NOT enabled, {@code Boolean} is an identity class.
+     *              If the specified {@code boolean} value is {@code true},
+     *              this method returns {@code Boolean.TRUE}; if it is
+     *              {@code false}, this method returns {@code Boolean.FALSE}.
+     *              If a new {@code Boolean} instance is not required, this
+     *              method should generally be used in preference to the
+     *              constructor {@link #Boolean(boolean)}, as this method is
+     *              likely to yield significantly better space and time
+     *              performance.
+     *          </p>
+     *          <p>
+     *              - When preview features are enabled, {@code Boolean} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+     *              The {@code valueOf} behavior is the same as invoking the constructor.
+     *          </p>
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
      *
      * @param  b a boolean value.
      * @return a {@code Boolean} instance representing {@code b}.
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Byte.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Byte.java
index c2c03e7a3c2..4183fd8682d 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Byte.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Byte.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@
 package java.lang;
 
 import jdk.internal.misc.CDS;
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
+import jdk.internal.value.Deserializer;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.AOTSafeClassInitializer;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.IntrinsicCandidate;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.Stable;
@@ -50,16 +53,26 @@
  * with a {@code byte}.
  *
  * <p>This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code Byte} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @see     java.lang.Number
  * @since   1.1
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class Byte extends Number implements Comparable<Byte>, Constable {
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class Byte extends Number
+        implements Comparable<Byte>, Constable {
 
     /**
      * A constant holding the minimum value a {@code byte} can
@@ -103,6 +116,9 @@ public Optional<DynamicConstantDesc<Byte>> describeConstable() {
         return Optional.of(DynamicConstantDesc.ofNamed(BSM_EXPLICIT_CAST, DEFAULT_NAME, CD_byte, intValue()));
     }
 
+    // When preview features are enabled, the cache does not affect object
+    // equality == semantics, but exists for performance.
+    // See doc/value-class-preview.md "Wrapper Class Caches" section.
     @AOTSafeClassInitializer
     private static final class ByteCache {
         private ByteCache() {}
@@ -117,7 +133,7 @@ private ByteCache() {}
             // Load and use the archived cache if it exists
             CDS.initializeFromArchive(ByteCache.class);
             if (archivedCache == null) {
-                Byte[] c = new Byte[size];
+                Byte[] c = newCacheArray(size);
                 byte value = (byte)-128;
                 for(int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
                     c[i] = new Byte(value++);
@@ -127,16 +143,36 @@ private ByteCache() {}
             cache = archivedCache;
             assert cache.length == size;
         }
+
+        private static Byte[] newCacheArray(int size) {
+            // ValueClass.newReferenceArray requires a value class component.
+            if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled()) {
+                return (Byte[]) ValueClass.newReferenceArray(Byte.class, size);
+            }
+            return new Byte[size];
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * Returns a {@code Byte} instance representing the specified
      * {@code byte} value.
-     * If a new {@code Byte} instance is not required, this method
-     * should generally be used in preference to the constructor
-     * {@link #Byte(byte)}, as this method is likely to yield
-     * significantly better space and time performance since
-     * all byte values are cached.
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     *          <p>
+     *              - When preview features are NOT enabled, {@code Byte} is an identity class.
+     *              If a new {@code Byte} instance is not required, this method
+     *              should generally be used in preference to the constructor
+     *              {@link #Byte(byte)}, as this method is likely to yield
+     *              significantly better space and time performance since
+     *              all byte values are cached.
+     *          </p>
+     *          <p>
+     *              - When preview features are enabled, {@code Byte} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+     *              The {@code valueOf} behavior is the same as invoking the constructor,
+     *              whether cached or not.
+     *          </p>
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
      *
      * @param  b a byte value.
      * @return a {@code Byte} instance representing {@code b}.
@@ -145,7 +181,7 @@ private ByteCache() {}
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     public static Byte valueOf(byte b) {
         final int offset = 128;
-        return ByteCache.cache[(int)b + offset];
+        return ByteCache.cache[(int) b + offset];
     }
 
     /**
@@ -346,6 +382,7 @@ public static Byte decode(String nm) throws NumberFormatException {
      * likely to yield significantly better space and time performance.
      */
     @Deprecated(since="9")
+    @Deserializer("value")
     public Byte(byte value) {
         this.value = value;
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Character.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Character.java
index 158c3126ab3..44bc0b96f65 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Character.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Character.java
@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@
 package java.lang;
 
 import jdk.internal.misc.CDS;
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
+import jdk.internal.value.Deserializer;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.AOTSafeClassInitializer;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.IntrinsicCandidate;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.Stable;
@@ -205,10 +208,18 @@
  * <a href="http://www.unicode.org/glossary/">Unicode Glossary</a>.
  *
  * <p>This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code Character} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @spec https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr44 Unicode Character Database
  * @author  Lee Boynton
@@ -219,8 +230,9 @@
  * @since   1.0
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final
-class Character implements java.io.Serializable, Comparable<Character>, Constable {
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class Character
+        implements java.io.Serializable, Comparable<Character>, Constable {
     /**
      * The minimum radix available for conversion to and from strings.
      * The constant value of this field is the smallest value permitted
@@ -9412,10 +9424,14 @@ public static final UnicodeScript forName(String scriptName) {
      * likely to yield significantly better space and time performance.
      */
     @Deprecated(since="9")
+    @Deserializer("value")
     public Character(char value) {
         this.value = value;
     }
 
+    // When preview features are enabled, the cache does not affect object
+    // equality == semantics, but exists for performance.
+    // See doc/value-class-preview.md "Wrapper Class Caches" section.
     @AOTSafeClassInitializer
     private static final class CharacterCache {
         private CharacterCache(){}
@@ -9430,7 +9446,7 @@ private CharacterCache(){}
             // Load and use the archived cache if it exists
             CDS.initializeFromArchive(CharacterCache.class);
             if (archivedCache == null) {
-                Character[] c = new Character[size];
+                Character[] c = newCacheArray(size);
                 for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
                     c[i] = new Character((char) i);
                 }
@@ -9439,20 +9455,39 @@ private CharacterCache(){}
             cache = archivedCache;
             assert cache.length == size;
         }
+
+        private static Character[] newCacheArray(int size) {
+            // ValueClass.newReferenceArray requires a value class component.
+            if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled()) {
+                return (Character[]) ValueClass.newReferenceArray(Character.class, size);
+            }
+            return new Character[size];
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * Returns a {@code Character} instance representing the specified
      * {@code char} value.
-     * If a new {@code Character} instance is not required, this method
-     * should generally be used in preference to the constructor
-     * {@link #Character(char)}, as this method is likely to yield
-     * significantly better space and time performance by caching
-     * frequently requested values.
-     *
-     * This method will always cache values in the range {@code
-     * '\u005Cu0000'} to {@code '\u005Cu007F'}, inclusive, and may
-     * cache other values outside of this range.
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     *          <p>
+     *              - When preview features are NOT enabled, {@code Character} is an identity class.
+     *              If a new {@code Character} instance is not required, this method
+     *              should generally be used in preference to the constructor
+     *              {@link #Character(char)}, as this method is likely to yield
+     *              significantly better space and time performance by caching
+     *              frequently requested values.
+     *              This method will always cache values in the range {@code
+     *              '\u005Cu0000'} to {@code '\u005Cu007F'}, inclusive, and may
+     *              cache other values outside of this range.
+     *          </p>
+     *          <p>
+     *             - When preview features are enabled, {@code Character} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+     *              The {@code valueOf} behavior is the same as invoking the constructor,
+     *              whether cached or not.
+     *          </p>
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
      *
      * @param  c a char value.
      * @return a {@code Character} instance representing {@code c}.
@@ -9461,7 +9496,7 @@ private CharacterCache(){}
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     public static Character valueOf(char c) {
         if (c <= 127) { // must cache
-            return CharacterCache.cache[(int)c];
+            return CharacterCache.cache[(int) c];
         }
         return new Character(c);
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Class.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Class.java
index b8bc97a1f0d..87f783e627b 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Class.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Class.java
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@
 import java.lang.reflect.Type;
 import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable;
 import java.lang.constant.Constable;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
 import java.net.URL;
 import java.security.AllPermission;
 import java.security.Permissions;
@@ -70,13 +71,17 @@
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
 import jdk.internal.constant.ConstantUtils;
+import jdk.internal.javac.PreviewFeature;
 import jdk.internal.loader.BootLoader;
 import jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader;
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
 import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
 import jdk.internal.module.Resources;
+import jdk.internal.reflect.AccessFlagSet;
 import jdk.internal.reflect.CallerSensitive;
 import jdk.internal.reflect.CallerSensitiveAdapter;
 import jdk.internal.reflect.ConstantPool;
+import jdk.internal.reflect.PreviewAccessFlags;
 import jdk.internal.reflect.Reflection;
 import jdk.internal.reflect.ReflectionFactory;
 import jdk.internal.util.ModifiedUtf;
@@ -224,9 +229,6 @@ public final class Class<T> implements java.io.Serializable,
                               AnnotatedElement,
                               TypeDescriptor.OfField<Class<?>>,
                               Constable {
-    private static final int ANNOTATION = 0x00002000;
-    private static final int ENUM       = 0x00004000;
-    private static final int SYNTHETIC  = 0x00001000;
 
     private static native void registerNatives();
     static {
@@ -343,10 +345,16 @@ public String toGenericString() {
                 } else {
                     if (isEnum())
                         sb.append("enum");
-                    else if (isRecord())
-                        sb.append("record");
-                    else
-                        sb.append("class");
+                    else {
+                        if (isValue()) {
+                            sb.append("value ");
+                        }
+                        if (isRecord()) {
+                            sb.append("record");
+                        } else {
+                            sb.append("class");
+                        }
+                    }
                 }
                 sb.append(' ');
                 sb.append(getName());
@@ -615,6 +623,35 @@ public static Class<?> forName(Module module, String name) {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * {@return {@code true} if this {@code Class} object represents a value class,
+     * otherwise {@code false}}
+     *
+     * <p>A value class is declared with the {@code value} modifier. If this
+     * {@code Class} object represents an interface, array type, primitive type,
+     * or {@code void}, the result is {@code false}.
+     *
+     * <p>This method returns {@code true} if and only if this {@code Class}
+     * object represents a class that uses preview features, and the class does
+     * not have the {@link AccessFlag#IDENTITY ACC_IDENTITY} flag set.
+     * The {@code ACC_IDENTITY} flag is considered always set for a class that
+     * does not use preview features; consequently, this method always returns
+     * {@code false} when preview features are disabled.
+     *
+     * @jls value-objects-8.1.1.5 {@code value} Classes
+     * @see AccessFlag#IDENTITY
+     * @since 28
+     */
+    @PreviewFeature(feature = PreviewFeature.Feature.VALUE_OBJECTS, reflective=true)
+    public boolean isValue() {
+        if (!PreviewFeatures.isEnabled()) {
+            return false;
+        } else {
+            int mask = ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY | ClassFile.ACC_INTERFACE;
+            return !primitive && (getModifiers() & mask) == 0;
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * {@return the {@code Class} object associated with the
      * {@linkplain #isPrimitive() primitive type} of the given name}
@@ -871,7 +908,7 @@ public boolean isPrimitive() {
      * @since 1.5
      */
     public boolean isAnnotation() {
-        return (getModifiers() & ANNOTATION) != 0;
+        return (getModifiers() & ClassFile.ACC_ANNOTATION) != 0;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -886,7 +923,7 @@ public boolean isAnnotation() {
      * @since 1.5
      */
     public boolean isSynthetic() {
-        return (getModifiers() & SYNTHETIC) != 0;
+        return (getModifiers() & ClassFile.ACC_SYNTHETIC) != 0;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1019,7 +1056,7 @@ public Module getModule() {
     private transient Object[] signers; // Read by VM, mutable
     private final transient char modifiers;  // Set by the VM
     private final transient char classFileAccessFlags;  // Set by the VM
-    private final transient boolean primitive;  // Set by the VM if the Class is a primitive type.
+    private final transient boolean primitive;  // Set by the VM if the Class is a primitive type
 
     // package-private
     Object getClassData() {
@@ -1339,6 +1376,8 @@ private Class<?> elementType() {
      *      {@code true}
      * <li> its interface modifier is always {@code false}, even when
      *      the component type is an interface
+     * <li> when preview features are enabled, its {@link
+     *      AccessFlag#IDENTITY identity} modifier is always true
      * </ul>
      * If this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type or
      * void, its {@code public}, {@code abstract}, and {@code final}
@@ -1347,9 +1386,39 @@ private Class<?> elementType() {
      * arrays, the values of other modifiers are {@code false} other
      * than as specified above.
      *
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     *          When preview features are enabled and this {@code Class} object
+     *          either represents a class whose {@code class} file does not
+     *          depend on preview features or represents an array type, its
+     *          {@code identity} modifier is always true.
+     *          <p>
+     *          When preview features are disabled, the {@code Class} object
+     *          does not have its {@code identity} modifier set.
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
+     *
      * <p> The modifier encodings are defined in section {@jvms 4.1}
      * of <cite>The Java Virtual Machine Specification</cite>.
      *
+     * @apiNote
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     *          Developers should be aware that the presence of the {@code
+     *          identity} modifier is dependent on whether preview features are
+     *          enabled.  Use the {@link #isValue() Class.isValue()} method to
+     *          test if a class is an identity class or a value class.
+     *          <p>
+     *          This snippet below checks whether a given {@code Class<?> clazz}
+     *          would have its {@code identity} modifier set when preview
+     *          features are enabled, yet behaves consistently regardless of
+     *          whether preview features are enabled.
+     *          {@snippet lang=java :
+     *          !clazz.isPrimitive() && !clazz.isValue() && !clazz.isInterface()
+     *          }
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
+     *
      * @return the {@code int} representing the modifiers for this class
      * @see     java.lang.reflect.Modifier
      * @see #accessFlags()
@@ -1374,6 +1443,8 @@ private Class<?> elementType() {
      * <li> its {@code ABSTRACT} and {@code FINAL} flags are present
      * <li> its {@code INTERFACE} flag is absent, even when the
      *      component type is an interface
+     * <li> when preview features are enabled, its {@code IDENTITY} flag
+    *       is present
      * </ul>
      * If this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type or
      * void, the flags are {@code PUBLIC}, {@code ABSTRACT}, and
@@ -1381,24 +1452,56 @@ private Class<?> elementType() {
      * For {@code Class} objects representing void, primitive types, and
      * arrays, access flags are absent other than as specified above.
      *
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     *          When preview features are enabled and this {@code Class} object
+     *          either represents a class whose {@code class} file does not
+     *          depend on preview features or represents an array type, its
+     *          flags always include {@code IDENTITY}.
+     *          <p>
+     *          When preview features are disabled, the {@code Class} object
+     *          does not have the {@code IDENTITY} flag set.
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
+     *
+     * @apiNote
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     *          Developers should be aware that the presence of the {@code
+     *          identity} modifier is dependent on whether preview features are
+     *          enabled.  Use the {@link #isValue() Class.isValue()} method to
+     *          test if a class is an identity class or a value class.
+     *          <p>
+     *          This snippet below checks whether a given {@code Class<?> clazz}
+     *          would have its {@code IDENTITY} modifier set when preview
+     *          features are enabled, yet behaves consistently regardless of
+     *          whether preview features are enabled.
+     *          {@snippet lang=java :
+     *          !clazz.isPrimitive() && !clazz.isValue() && !clazz.isInterface()
+     *          }
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
+     *
      * @see #getModifiers()
      * @jvms 4.1 The ClassFile Structure
      * @jvms 4.7.6 The InnerClasses Attribute
      * @since 20
      */
     public Set<AccessFlag> accessFlags() {
-        // Location.CLASS allows SUPER and AccessFlag.MODULE which
-        // INNER_CLASS forbids. INNER_CLASS allows PRIVATE, PROTECTED,
-        // and STATIC, which are not allowed on Location.CLASS.
-        // Use getClassFileAccessFlags to expose SUPER status.
-        // Arrays need to use PRIVATE/PROTECTED from its component modifiers.
-        var location = (isMemberClass() || isLocalClass() ||
-                        isAnonymousClass() || isArray()) ?
-            AccessFlag.Location.INNER_CLASS :
-            AccessFlag.Location.CLASS;
-        return ReflectionFactory.getReflectionFactory().parseAccessFlags(
-            (location == AccessFlag.Location.CLASS) ? getClassFileAccessFlags() : getModifiers(),
-            location, this);
+        if (!PreviewFeatures.isEnabled()) {
+            // INNER_CLASS_FLAGS exclusively defines PRIVATE, PROTECTED, and STATIC.
+            // CLASS_FLAGS exclusively defines SUPER and MODULE.
+            // Nested classes and interfaces need to report PRIVATE/PROTECTED/STATIC.
+            // Arrays need to report PRIVATE/PROTECTED.
+            // Top-level classes need to report SUPER, using getClassFileAccessFlags.
+            // Module descriptors do not have Class objects so nothing reports MODULE.
+            return (isArray() || getEnclosingClass() != null)
+                    ? AccessFlagSet.ofValidated(AccessFlagSet.INNER_CLASS_FLAGS, getModifiers())
+                    : AccessFlagSet.ofValidated(AccessFlagSet.CLASS_FLAGS, getClassFileAccessFlags());
+        }
+        // CLASS_FLAGS exclusively defines MODULE, but module descriptors are
+        // never represented with Class objects, so INNER_CLASS_FLAGS works
+        return AccessFlagSet.ofValidated(PreviewAccessFlags.INNER_CLASS_PREVIEW_FLAGS, getModifiers());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -3364,7 +3467,7 @@ public boolean isEnum() {
         // An enum must both directly extend java.lang.Enum and have
         // the ENUM bit set; classes for specialized enum constants
         // don't do the former.
-        return (this.getModifiers() & ENUM) != 0 &&
+        return (this.getModifiers() & ClassFile.ACC_ENUM) != 0 &&
         this.getSuperclass() == java.lang.Enum.class;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Double.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Double.java
index 53b027dd773..fbae1505cd1 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Double.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Double.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1994, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1994, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2025, Alibaba Group Holding Limited. All Rights Reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 import jdk.internal.math.DoubleConsts;
 import jdk.internal.math.DoubleToDecimal;
 import jdk.internal.util.DecimalDigits;
+import jdk.internal.value.Deserializer;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.IntrinsicCandidate;
 
 /**
@@ -50,10 +51,18 @@
  * {@code double}.
  *
  * <p>This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code Double} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * <h2><a id=equivalenceRelation>Floating-point Equality, Equivalence,
  * and Comparison</a></h2>
@@ -357,7 +366,8 @@
  * @since 1.0
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class Double extends Number
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class Double extends Number
         implements Comparable<Double>, Constable, ConstantDesc {
     /**
      * A constant holding the positive infinity of type
@@ -958,11 +968,22 @@ public static Double valueOf(String s) throws NumberFormatException {
     /**
      * Returns a {@code Double} instance representing the specified
      * {@code double} value.
-     * If a new {@code Double} instance is not required, this method
-     * should generally be used in preference to the constructor
-     * {@link #Double(double)}, as this method is likely to yield
-     * significantly better space and time performance by caching
-     * frequently requested values.
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     *          <p>
+     *              - When preview features are NOT enabled, {@code Double} is an identity class.
+     *              If a new {@code Double} instance is not required, this
+     *              method should generally be used in preference to the
+     *              constructor {@link #Double(double)}, as this method is
+     *              likely to yield significantly better space and time
+     *              performance by caching frequently requested values.
+     *          </p>
+     *          <p>
+     *              - When preview features are enabled, {@code Double} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+     *              The {@code valueOf} behavior is the same as invoking the constructor.
+     *          </p>
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
      *
      * @param  d a double value.
      * @return a {@code Double} instance representing {@code d}.
@@ -1064,6 +1085,7 @@ public static boolean isFinite(double d) {
      * likely to yield significantly better space and time performance.
      */
     @Deprecated(since="9")
+    @Deserializer("value")
     public Double(double value) {
         this.value = value;
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Float.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Float.java
index c553dc41c2c..77087e4c78b 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Float.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Float.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1994, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1994, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 import jdk.internal.math.FloatConsts;
 import jdk.internal.math.FloatingDecimal;
 import jdk.internal.math.FloatToDecimal;
+import jdk.internal.value.Deserializer;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.IntrinsicCandidate;
 
 /**
@@ -48,10 +49,18 @@
  * {@code float}.
  *
  * <p>This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code Float} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * <h2><a id=equivalenceRelation>Floating-point Equality, Equivalence,
  * and Comparison</a></h2>
@@ -73,7 +82,8 @@
  * @since 1.0
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class Float extends Number
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class Float extends Number
         implements Comparable<Float>, Constable, ConstantDesc {
     /**
      * A constant holding the positive infinity of type
@@ -561,11 +571,22 @@ public static Float valueOf(String s) throws NumberFormatException {
     /**
      * Returns a {@code Float} instance representing the specified
      * {@code float} value.
-     * If a new {@code Float} instance is not required, this method
-     * should generally be used in preference to the constructor
-     * {@link #Float(float)}, as this method is likely to yield
-     * significantly better space and time performance by caching
-     * frequently requested values.
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     *          <p>
+     *              - When preview features are NOT enabled, {@code Float} is an identity class.
+     *              If a new {@code Float} instance is not required, this
+     *              method should generally be used in preference to the
+     *              constructor {@link #Float(float)}, as this method is
+     *              likely to yield significantly better space and time
+     *              performance by caching frequently requested values.
+     *          </p>
+     *          <p>
+     *              - When preview features are enabled, {@code Float} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+     *              The {@code valueOf} behavior is the same as invoking the constructor.
+     *          </p>
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
      *
      * @param  f a float value.
      * @return a {@code Float} instance representing {@code f}.
@@ -667,6 +688,7 @@ public static boolean isFinite(float f) {
      * likely to yield significantly better space and time performance.
      */
     @Deprecated(since="9")
+    @Deserializer("value")
     public Float(float value) {
         this.value = value;
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/IdentityException.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/IdentityException.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bab90326688
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/IdentityException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package java.lang;
+
+import jdk.internal.javac.PreviewFeature;
+
+/**
+ * Thrown when an identity object is required but a value object is supplied.
+ * <p>
+ * Identity objects are required for synchronization and locking.
+ * <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">Value-based</a>
+ * objects do not have identity and cannot be used for synchronization, locking,
+ * or any type of {@link java.lang.ref.Reference}.
+ *
+ * @since 28
+ */
+@PreviewFeature(feature = PreviewFeature.Feature.VALUE_OBJECTS)
+public final class IdentityException extends RuntimeException {
+    @java.io.Serial
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    /**
+     * Create an {@code IdentityException} with no message.
+     */
+    public IdentityException() {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create an {@code IdentityException} with a message.
+     *
+     * @param  message the detail message; can be {@code null}
+     */
+    public IdentityException(String message) {
+        super(message);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Integer.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Integer.java
index 85ca80735f8..169a2f77b33 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Integer.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Integer.java
@@ -26,8 +26,11 @@
 package java.lang;
 
 import jdk.internal.misc.CDS;
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
 import jdk.internal.misc.VM;
 import jdk.internal.util.DecimalDigits;
+import jdk.internal.value.Deserializer;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.AOTRuntimeSetup;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.AOTSafeClassInitializer;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.ForceInline;
@@ -56,10 +59,18 @@
  * dealing with an {@code int}.
  *
  * <p>This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code Integer} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * <p>Implementation note: The implementations of the "bit twiddling"
  * methods (such as {@link #highestOneBit(int) highestOneBit} and
@@ -71,7 +82,8 @@
  * @since 1.0
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class Integer extends Number
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class Integer extends Number
         implements Comparable<Integer>, Constable, ConstantDesc {
     /**
      * A constant holding the minimum value an {@code int} can
@@ -880,6 +892,10 @@ public static Integer valueOf(String s) throws NumberFormatException {
      * Cache to support the object identity semantics of autoboxing for values between
      * -128 and 127 (inclusive) as required by JLS.
      *
+     * When preview features are enabled, the cache does not affect object
+     * equality {@code ==} semantics, but exists for performance.
+     * See doc/value-class-preview.md "Wrapper Class Caches" section.
+     *
      * The cache is initialized on first usage.  The size of the cache
      * may be controlled by the {@code -XX:AutoBoxCacheMax=<size>} option.
      * During VM initialization, java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high property
@@ -922,7 +938,7 @@ private static void runtimeSetup() {
             }
             high = h;
 
-            Integer[] precomputed = null;
+            Integer[] precomputed;
             if (cache != null) {
                 // IntegerCache has been AOT-initialized.
                 precomputed = cache;
@@ -947,7 +963,7 @@ private static Integer[] loadOrInitializeCache(Integer[] precomputed) {
                 return precomputed;
             }
 
-            Integer[] c = new Integer[size];
+            Integer[] c = newCacheArray(size);
             int j = low;
             // If we loading a precomputed cache (from AOT cache or CDS archive),
             // we must use all instances from it.
@@ -966,19 +982,39 @@ private static Integer[] loadOrInitializeCache(Integer[] precomputed) {
             return c;
         }
 
+        private static Integer[] newCacheArray(int size) {
+            // ValueClass.newReferenceArray requires a value class component.
+            if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled()) {
+                return (Integer[]) ValueClass.newReferenceArray(Integer.class, size);
+            }
+            return new Integer[size];
+        }
+
         private IntegerCache() {}
     }
 
     /**
      * Returns an {@code Integer} instance representing the specified
-     * {@code int} value.  If a new {@code Integer} instance is not
-     * required, this method should generally be used in preference to
-     * the constructor {@link #Integer(int)}, as this method is likely
-     * to yield significantly better space and time performance by
-     * caching frequently requested values.
-     *
-     * This method will always cache values in the range -128 to 127,
-     * inclusive, and may cache other values outside of this range.
+     * {@code int} value.
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     *          <p>
+     *              - When preview features are NOT enabled, {@code Integer} is an identity class.
+     *              If a new {@code Integer} instance is not
+     *              required, this method should generally be used in preference to
+     *              the constructor {@link #Integer(int)}, as this method is likely
+     *              to yield significantly better space and time performance by
+     *              caching frequently requested values.
+     *              This method will always cache values in the range -128 to 127,
+     *              inclusive, and may cache other values outside of this range.
+     *          </p>
+     *          <p>
+     *              - When preview features are enabled, {@code Integer} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+     *              The {@code valueOf} behavior is the same as invoking the constructor,
+     *              whether cached or not.
+     *          </p>
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
      *
      * @param  i an {@code int} value.
      * @return an {@code Integer} instance representing {@code i}.
@@ -1011,6 +1047,7 @@ public static Integer valueOf(int i) {
      * likely to yield significantly better space and time performance.
      */
     @Deprecated(since="9")
+    @Deserializer("value")
     public Integer(int value) {
         this.value = value;
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Long.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Long.java
index 5fa1b8fc2ea..3acc52289de 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Long.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Long.java
@@ -34,6 +34,9 @@
 import java.util.Optional;
 
 import jdk.internal.misc.CDS;
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
+import jdk.internal.value.Deserializer;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
 import jdk.internal.util.DecimalDigits;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.AOTSafeClassInitializer;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.ForceInline;
@@ -55,10 +58,19 @@
  * with a {@code long}.
  *
  * <p>This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code Long} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
+ *
  *
  * <p>Implementation note: The implementations of the "bit twiddling"
  * methods (such as {@link #highestOneBit(long) highestOneBit} and
@@ -70,7 +82,8 @@
  * @since   1.0
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class Long extends Number
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class Long extends Number
         implements Comparable<Long>, Constable, ConstantDesc {
     /**
      * A constant holding the minimum value a {@code long} can
@@ -912,6 +925,9 @@ public static Long valueOf(String s) throws NumberFormatException
         return Long.valueOf(parseLong(s, 10));
     }
 
+    // When preview features are enabled, the cache does not affect object
+    // equality == semantics, but exists for performance.
+    // See doc/value-class-preview.md "Wrapper Class Caches" section.
     @AOTSafeClassInitializer
     private static final class LongCache {
         private LongCache() {}
@@ -926,7 +942,7 @@ private LongCache() {}
             // Load and use the archived cache if it exists
             CDS.initializeFromArchive(LongCache.class);
             if (archivedCache == null) {
-                Long[] c = new Long[size];
+                Long[] c = newCacheArray(size);
                 long value = -128;
                 for(int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
                     c[i] = new Long(value++);
@@ -936,19 +952,38 @@ private LongCache() {}
             cache = archivedCache;
             assert cache.length == size;
         }
+
+        private static Long[] newCacheArray(int size) {
+            // ValueClass.newReferenceArray requires a value class component.
+            if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled()) {
+                return (Long[]) ValueClass.newReferenceArray(Long.class, size);
+            }
+            return new Long[size];
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * Returns a {@code Long} instance representing the specified
      * {@code long} value.
-     * If a new {@code Long} instance is not required, this method
-     * should generally be used in preference to the constructor
-     * {@link #Long(long)}, as this method is likely to yield
-     * significantly better space and time performance by caching
-     * frequently requested values.
-     *
-     * This method will always cache values in the range -128 to 127,
-     * inclusive, and may cache other values outside of this range.
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     *          <p>
+     *              - When preview features are NOT enabled, {@code Long} is an identity class.
+     *              If a new {@code Long} instance is not required, this method
+     *              should generally be used in preference to the constructor
+     *              {@link #Long(long)}, as this method is likely to yield
+     *              significantly better space and time performance by caching
+     *              frequently requested values.
+     *              This method will always cache values in the range -128 to 127,
+     *              inclusive, and may cache other values outside of this range.
+     *          </p>
+     *          <p>
+     *              - When preview features are enabled, {@code Long} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+     *              The {@code valueOf} behavior is the same as invoking the constructor,
+     *              whether cached or not.
+     *          </p>
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
      *
      * @param  l a long value.
      * @return a {@code Long} instance representing {@code l}.
@@ -956,9 +991,9 @@ private LongCache() {}
      */
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     public static Long valueOf(long l) {
-        final int offset = 128;
         if (l >= -128 && l <= 127) { // will cache
-            return LongCache.cache[(int)l + offset];
+            final int offset = 128;
+            return LongCache.cache[(int) l + offset];
         }
         return new Long(l);
     }
@@ -1073,6 +1108,7 @@ else if (nm.startsWith("0", index) && nm.length() > 1 + index) {
      * likely to yield significantly better space and time performance.
      */
     @Deprecated(since="9")
+    @Deserializer("value")
     public Long(long value) {
         this.value = value;
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Number.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Number.java
index 94a4881c462..db8be9732a7 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Number.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Number.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1994, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1994, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -46,13 +46,24 @@
  * See the documentation of a given {@code Number} implementation for
  * conversion details.
  *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code Number} is
+ *          an abstract {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Subclasses of {@code Number} can be either value classes
+ *          or identity classes.
+ *          See The Java Language Specification {@jls value-objects-8.1.1.5 Value Classes}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
+ *
  * @author      Lee Boynton
  * @author      Arthur van Hoff
  * @jls 5.1.2 Widening Primitive Conversion
  * @jls 5.1.3 Narrowing Primitive Conversion
  * @since   1.0
  */
-public abstract class Number implements java.io.Serializable {
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public abstract /*value*/ class Number implements java.io.Serializable {
     /**
      * Constructor for subclasses to call.
      */
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Object.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Object.java
index 185882cc7cc..045ceacd205 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Object.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Object.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1994, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1994, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -33,6 +33,29 @@
  * Every class has {@code Object} as a superclass. All objects,
  * including arrays, implement the methods of this class.
  *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, subclasses of {@code java.lang.Object}
+ *          are either {@linkplain Class#isValue value classes} or identity classes.
+ *          A <em>value object</em> is an instance of a non-abstract value class. All
+ *          other objects, including arrays, are <em>identity objects</em>. See
+ *          The Java Language Specification {@jls value-objects-8.1.1.5 Value Classes}.
+ *          <p>
+ *          When preview features are disabled, all classes are identity classes and
+ *          all objects are identity objects.
+ *          <p>
+ *          It is not possible to synchronize on a value object. An attempt to {@code
+ *          synchronize} on a value object causes {@link IdentityException} to be thrown.
+ *          <p>
+ *          The {@link #finalize()} method of a value class will never be invoked by
+ *          the garbage collector.
+ *          <p>
+ *          A {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference Reference object} can only refer to an
+ *          object with identity. Creating a reference object with a value object as
+ *          the referent throws {@code IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
+ *
  * @see     java.lang.Class
  * @since   1.0
  */
@@ -147,10 +170,11 @@ public Object() {}
      * the most discriminating possible equivalence relation on objects;
      * that is, for any non-null reference values {@code x} and
      * {@code y}, this method returns {@code true} if and only
-     * if {@code x} and {@code y} refer to the same object
-     * ({@code x == y} has the value {@code true}).
-     *
-     * In other words, under the reference equality equivalence
+     * if {@code x} and {@code y} refer to the same identity object or
+     * indistinguishable value objects ({@code x == y} has the value
+     * {@code true}).
+     * <p>
+     * In other words, under the object equality equivalence
      * relation, each equivalence class only has a single element.
      *
      * @apiNote
@@ -183,17 +207,20 @@ public boolean equals(Object obj) {
      * <blockquote>
      * <pre>
      * x.clone().getClass() == x.getClass()</pre></blockquote>
-     * will be {@code true}, but these are not absolute requirements.
+     * will also be {@code true}, but these are not absolute requirements.
+     * The clone of a value object, in particular, may be indistinguishable from
+     * the original.
+     * <p>
      * While it is typically the case that:
      * <blockquote>
      * <pre>
      * x.clone().equals(x)</pre></blockquote>
      * will be {@code true}, this is not an absolute requirement.
      * <p>
-     * By convention, the returned object should be obtained by calling
-     * {@code super.clone}.  If a class and all of its superclasses (except
-     * {@code Object}) obey this convention, it will be the case that
-     * {@code x.clone().getClass() == x.getClass()}.
+     * By convention, the {@code clone} method of an identity class should return an
+     * object obtained by calling {@code super.clone}. If a class and all of its
+     * superclasses (except {@code Object}) obey this convention, it will be the
+     * case that {@code x.clone().getClass() == x.getClass()}.
      * <p>
      * By convention, the object returned by this method should be independent
      * of this object (which is being cloned).  To achieve this independence,
@@ -205,6 +232,16 @@ public boolean equals(Object obj) {
      * primitive fields or references to immutable objects, then it is usually
      * the case that no fields in the object returned by {@code super.clone}
      * need to be modified.
+     * <p>
+     * Value classes may similarly perform deep copies of any mutable field
+     * values before constructing a new class instance with those copies.
+     *
+     * @apiNote
+     * It should be rare for new classes to implement the {@link Cloneable} interface.
+     * Copy constructors and static factory methods provide a more explicit and flexible
+     * means of creating copies, allowing classes to define and document their copying
+     * semantics without the constraints imposed by {@code Cloneable} interface and
+     * the {@code clone} method.
      *
      * @implSpec
      * The method {@code clone} for class {@code Object} performs a
@@ -214,12 +251,16 @@ public boolean equals(Object obj) {
      * are considered to implement the interface {@code Cloneable} and that
      * the return type of the {@code clone} method of an array type {@code T[]}
      * is {@code T[]} where T is any reference or primitive type.
-     * Otherwise, this method creates a new instance of the class of this
-     * object and initializes all its fields with exactly the contents of
+     * <p>
+     * For an identity object, this method creates a new instance of the class of
+     * this object and initializes all its fields with exactly the contents of
      * the corresponding fields of this object, as if by assignment; the
      * contents of the fields are not themselves cloned. Thus, this method
      * performs a "shallow copy" of this object, not a "deep copy" operation.
      * <p>
+     * For a value object, this method returns an object that is indistinguishable
+     * from this object.
+     * <p>
      * The class {@code Object} does not itself implement the interface
      * {@code Cloneable}, so calling the {@code clone} method on an object
      * whose class is {@code Object} will result in throwing an
@@ -297,6 +338,14 @@ public String toString() {
      * </ul>
      * <p>
      * Only one thread at a time can own an object's monitor.
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     *          The {@code notify} method requires that the current thread be the owner
+     *          of the object's monitor. Since it is not possible to synchronize on a
+     *          value object, an attempt to call this method on a value object will
+     *          always fail with {@code IllegalMonitorStateException}.
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
      *
      * @throws  IllegalMonitorStateException  if the current thread is not
      *               the owner of this object's monitor.
@@ -323,6 +372,15 @@ public String toString() {
      * description of the ways in which a thread can become the owner of
      * a monitor.
      *
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     *          The {@code notifyAll} method requires that the current thread be the owner
+     *          of the object's monitor. Since it is not possible to synchronize on a
+     *          value object, an attempt to call this method on a value object will
+     *          always fail with {@code IllegalMonitorStateException}.
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
+     *
      * @throws  IllegalMonitorStateException  if the current thread is not
      *               the owner of this object's monitor.
      * @see        java.lang.Object#notify()
@@ -339,6 +397,15 @@ public String toString() {
      * had been called. See the specification of the {@link #wait(long, int)} method
      * for details.
      *
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     *          The {@code wait} method requires that the current thread be the owner
+     *          of the object's monitor. Since it is not possible to synchronize on a
+     *          value object, an attempt to call this method on a value object will
+     *          always fail with {@code IllegalMonitorStateException}.
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
+     *
      * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if the current thread is not
      *         the owner of the object's monitor
      * @throws InterruptedException if any thread interrupted the current thread before or
@@ -362,6 +429,15 @@ public final void wait() throws InterruptedException {
      * had been called. See the specification of the {@link #wait(long, int)} method
      * for details.
      *
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     *          The {@code wait} method requires that the current thread be the owner
+     *          of the object's monitor. Since it is not possible to synchronize on a
+     *          value object, an attempt to call this method on a value object will
+     *          always fail with {@code IllegalMonitorStateException}.
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
+     *
      * @param  timeoutMillis the maximum time to wait, in milliseconds
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code timeoutMillis} is negative
      * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if the current thread is not
@@ -458,6 +534,15 @@ public final void wait(long timeoutMillis) throws InterruptedException {
      * this exception is thrown. This exception is not thrown until the lock status of
      * this object has been restored as described above.
      *
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     *          The {@code wait} method requires that the current thread be the owner
+     *          of the object's monitor. Since it is not possible to synchronize on a
+     *          value object, an attempt to call this method on a value object will
+     *          always fail with {@code IllegalMonitorStateException}.
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
+     *
      * @apiNote
      * The recommended approach to waiting is to check the condition being awaited in
      * a {@code while} loop around the call to {@code wait}, as shown in the example
@@ -507,14 +592,24 @@ public final void wait(long timeoutMillis, int nanos) throws InterruptedExceptio
     }
 
     /**
-     * Called by the garbage collector on an object when garbage collection
+     * Called by the garbage collector on an identity object when garbage collection
      * determines that there are no more references to the object.
-     * A subclass overrides the {@code finalize} method to dispose of
+     * An identity class may override the {@code finalize} method to dispose of
      * system resources or to perform other cleanup.
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     *          The {@code finalize} method of a value class is never directly
+     *          invoked by the garbage collector. This includes the case where an
+     *          abstract value class declares a {@code finalize} method and the
+     *          class is extended by an identity class; the garbage collector never
+     *          directly invokes the {@code finalize} method declared by the
+     *          abstract value class.
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
      * <p>
      * <b>When running in a Java virtual machine in which finalization has been
-     * disabled or removed, the garbage collector will never call
-     * {@code finalize()}. In a Java virtual machine in which finalization is
+     * disabled or removed, the garbage collector will never call {@code finalize()}
+     * for any object. In a Java virtual machine in which finalization is
      * enabled, the garbage collector might call {@code finalize} only after an
      * indefinite delay.</b>
      * <p>
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Record.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Record.java
index f15ee07a964..10acf990152 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Record.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Record.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -67,6 +67,16 @@
  * </pre>
  * then it must be the case that {@code r.equals(copy)}.
  *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code Record} is
+ *          an abstract {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Subclasses of {@code Record} can be either identity classes
+ *          or {@linkplain Class#isValue value classes}.
+ *          See The Java Language Specification {@jls value-objects-8.1.1.5 Value Classes}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
+ *
  * @apiNote
  * A record class that {@code implements} {@link java.io.Serializable} is said
  * to be a <i>serializable record</i>. Serializable records are serialized and
@@ -87,7 +97,8 @@
  * @jls 8.10 Record Classes
  * @since 16
  */
-public abstract class Record {
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public abstract /*value*/ class Record {
     /**
      * Constructor for record classes to call.
      */
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Short.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Short.java
index 14f7a267165..6e35a239f08 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Short.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Short.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@
 package java.lang;
 
 import jdk.internal.misc.CDS;
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
+import jdk.internal.value.Deserializer;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.AOTSafeClassInitializer;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.IntrinsicCandidate;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.Stable;
@@ -50,16 +53,26 @@
  * dealing with a {@code short}.
  *
  * <p>This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code Short} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @see     java.lang.Number
  * @since   1.1
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class Short extends Number implements Comparable<Short>, Constable {
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class Short extends Number
+        implements Comparable<Short>, Constable {
 
     /**
      * A constant holding the minimum value a {@code short} can
@@ -230,6 +243,9 @@ public Optional<DynamicConstantDesc<Short>> describeConstable() {
         return Optional.of(DynamicConstantDesc.ofNamed(BSM_EXPLICIT_CAST, DEFAULT_NAME, CD_short, intValue()));
     }
 
+    // When preview features are enabled, the cache does not affect object
+    // equality == semantics, but exists for performance.
+    // See doc/value-class-preview.md "Wrapper Class Caches" section.
     @AOTSafeClassInitializer
     private static final class ShortCache {
         private ShortCache() {}
@@ -244,7 +260,7 @@ private ShortCache() {}
             // Load and use the archived cache if it exists
             CDS.initializeFromArchive(ShortCache.class);
             if (archivedCache == null) {
-                Short[] c = new Short[size];
+                Short[] c = newCacheArray(size);
                 short value = -128;
                 for(int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
                     c[i] = new Short(value++);
@@ -254,19 +270,38 @@ private ShortCache() {}
             cache = archivedCache;
             assert cache.length == size;
         }
+
+        private static Short[] newCacheArray(int size) {
+            // ValueClass.newReferenceArray requires a value class component.
+            if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled()) {
+                return (Short[]) ValueClass.newReferenceArray(Short.class, size);
+            }
+            return new Short[size];
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * Returns a {@code Short} instance representing the specified
      * {@code short} value.
-     * If a new {@code Short} instance is not required, this method
-     * should generally be used in preference to the constructor
-     * {@link #Short(short)}, as this method is likely to yield
-     * significantly better space and time performance by caching
-     * frequently requested values.
-     *
-     * This method will always cache values in the range -128 to 127,
-     * inclusive, and may cache other values outside of this range.
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     *          <p>
+     *              - When preview features are NOT enabled, {@code Short} is an identity class.
+     *              If a new {@code Short} instance is not required, this method
+     *              should generally be used in preference to the constructor
+     *              {@link #Short(short)}, as this method is likely to yield
+     *              significantly better space and time performance by caching
+     *              frequently requested values.
+     *              This method will always cache values in the range -128 to 127,
+     *              inclusive, and may cache other values outside of this range.
+     *          </p>
+     *          <p>
+     *              - When preview features are enabled, {@code Short} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+     *              The {@code valueOf} behavior is the same as invoking the constructor,
+     *              whether cached or not.
+     *          </p>
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
      *
      * @param  s a short value.
      * @return a {@code Short} instance representing {@code s}.
@@ -352,6 +387,7 @@ public static Short decode(String nm) throws NumberFormatException {
      * likely to yield significantly better space and time performance.
      */
     @Deprecated(since="9")
+    @Deserializer("value")
     public Short(short value) {
         this.value = value;
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/System.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/System.java
index 2f772e4d065..a4562c1b5a6 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/System.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/System.java
@@ -487,6 +487,21 @@ public static native void arraycopy(Object src,  int  srcPos,
      * hashCode().
      * The hash code for the null reference is zero.
      *
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     *          The "identity hash code" of a {@linkplain Class#isValue() value object}
+     *          is computed by combining the identity hash codes of the value object's fields recursively.
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
+     * @apiNote
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     *          Note that, like ==, this hash code exposes information about a value object's
+     *          private fields that might otherwise be hidden by an identity object.
+     *          Developers should be cautious about storing sensitive secrets in value object fields.
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
+     *
      * @param x object for which the hashCode is to be calculated
      * @return  the hashCode
      * @since   1.1
@@ -2029,9 +2044,6 @@ public int getClassFileAccessFlags(Class<?> klass) {
             E[] getEnumConstantsShared(Class<E> klass) {
                 return klass.getEnumConstantsShared();
             }
-            public int classFileVersion(Class<?> clazz) {
-                return clazz.getClassFileVersion();
-            }
             public void blockedOn(Interruptible b) {
                 Thread.currentThread().blockedOn(b);
             }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/Attribute.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/Attribute.java
index 02b9332bb79..363967c5a90 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/Attribute.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/Attribute.java
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ public sealed interface Attribute<A extends Attribute<A>>
                 CharacterRangeTableAttribute, CodeAttribute, CompilationIDAttribute,
                 ConstantValueAttribute, DeprecatedAttribute, EnclosingMethodAttribute,
                 ExceptionsAttribute, InnerClassesAttribute, LineNumberTableAttribute,
-                LocalVariableTableAttribute, LocalVariableTypeTableAttribute,
+                LoadableDescriptorsAttribute, LocalVariableTableAttribute, LocalVariableTypeTableAttribute,
                 MethodParametersAttribute, ModuleAttribute, ModuleHashesAttribute,
                 ModuleMainClassAttribute, ModulePackagesAttribute, ModuleResolutionAttribute,
                 ModuleTargetAttribute, NestHostAttribute, NestMembersAttribute,
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/Attributes.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/Attributes.java
index eaa0fec5a4e..f9aed202d10 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/Attributes.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/Attributes.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 import java.lang.classfile.attribute.*;
 
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.AbstractAttributeMapper.*;
+import jdk.internal.javac.PreviewFeature;
 
 /**
  * Attribute mappers for predefined (JVMS {@jvms 4.7}) and JDK-specific
@@ -81,6 +82,14 @@ public final class Attributes {
     /** LineNumberTable */
     public static final String NAME_LINE_NUMBER_TABLE = "LineNumberTable";
 
+    /**
+     * LoadableDescriptors
+     *
+     * @since 28
+     */
+    @PreviewFeature(feature = PreviewFeature.Feature.VALUE_OBJECTS, reflective = true)
+    public static final String NAME_LOADABLE_DESCRIPTORS = "LoadableDescriptors";
+
     /** LocalVariableTable */
     public static final String NAME_LOCAL_VARIABLE_TABLE = "LocalVariableTable";
 
@@ -245,6 +254,16 @@ public static AttributeMapper<LineNumberTableAttribute> lineNumberTable() {
         return LineNumberTableMapper.INSTANCE;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * {@return the mapper for the {@code LoadableDescriptors} attribute}
+     *
+     * @since 28
+     */
+    @PreviewFeature(feature = PreviewFeature.Feature.VALUE_OBJECTS, reflective = true)
+    public static AttributeMapper<LoadableDescriptorsAttribute> loadableDescriptors() {
+        return LoadableDescriptorsMapper.INSTANCE;
+    }
+
     /**
      * {@return the mapper for the {@code LocalVariableTable} attribute}
      * The mapper permits multiple instances in a {@code Code} attribute.
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/ClassElement.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/ClassElement.java
index 866d1bafcc4..139d20a17f1 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/ClassElement.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/ClassElement.java
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ public sealed interface ClassElement extends ClassFileElement
                 FieldModel, MethodModel,
                 CustomAttribute, CompilationIDAttribute, DeprecatedAttribute,
                 EnclosingMethodAttribute, InnerClassesAttribute,
+                LoadableDescriptorsAttribute,
                 ModuleAttribute, ModuleHashesAttribute, ModuleMainClassAttribute,
                 ModulePackagesAttribute, ModuleResolutionAttribute, ModuleTargetAttribute,
                 NestHostAttribute, NestMembersAttribute, PermittedSubclassesAttribute,
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/ClassFile.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/ClassFile.java
index 205ec2ab05c..1852da41e9a 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/ClassFile.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/ClassFile.java
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@
 
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.ClassFileImpl;
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.TemporaryConstantPool;
+import jdk.internal.javac.PreviewFeature;
 
 import static java.util.Objects.requireNonNull;
 import static jdk.internal.constant.ConstantUtils.CD_module_info;
@@ -805,6 +806,14 @@ default List<VerifyError> verify(Path path) throws IOException {
     /** The bit mask of {@link AccessFlag#SUPER} access and property modifier. */
     int ACC_SUPER = 0x0020;
 
+    /**
+     * The bit mask of {@link AccessFlag#IDENTITY} access and property modifier.
+     *
+     * @since 28
+     */
+    @PreviewFeature(feature = PreviewFeature.Feature.VALUE_OBJECTS, reflective = true)
+    int ACC_IDENTITY = 0x0020;
+
     /** The bit mask of {@link AccessFlag#ABSTRACT} access and property modifier. */
     int ACC_ABSTRACT = 0x0400;
 
@@ -838,6 +847,14 @@ default List<VerifyError> verify(Path path) throws IOException {
     /** The bit mask of {@link AccessFlag#STRICT} access and property modifier. */
     int ACC_STRICT = 0x0800;
 
+    /**
+     * The bit mask of {@link AccessFlag#STRICT_INIT} access and property modifier.
+     *
+     * @since 28
+     */
+    @PreviewFeature(feature = PreviewFeature.Feature.STRICT_FIELDS, reflective = true)
+    int ACC_STRICT_INIT = 0x0800;
+
     /** The bit mask of {@link AccessFlag#MODULE} access and property modifier. */
     int ACC_MODULE = 0x8000;
 
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/InnerClassInfo.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/InnerClassInfo.java
index df6b63ae692..894b372bb8c 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/InnerClassInfo.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/InnerClassInfo.java
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.TemporaryConstantPool;
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.UnboundAttribute;
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.Util;
+import jdk.internal.reflect.PreviewAccessFlags;
 
 /**
  * Models a single entry in the {@link InnerClassesAttribute}.
@@ -84,7 +85,7 @@ public sealed interface InnerClassInfo
      * @see AccessFlag.Location#INNER_CLASS
      */
     default Set<AccessFlag> flags() {
-        return AccessFlag.maskToAccessFlags(flagsMask(), AccessFlag.Location.INNER_CLASS);
+        return PreviewAccessFlags.maskToAccessFlags(flagsMask(), AccessFlag.Location.INNER_CLASS);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/LoadableDescriptorsAttribute.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/LoadableDescriptorsAttribute.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..08ee5957f60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/LoadableDescriptorsAttribute.java
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package java.lang.classfile.attribute;
+
+import java.lang.classfile.Attribute;
+import java.lang.classfile.AttributeMapper;
+import java.lang.classfile.Attributes;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassElement;
+import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.Utf8Entry;
+import java.lang.constant.ClassDesc;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.BoundAttribute;
+import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.UnboundAttribute;
+import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.Util;
+import jdk.internal.javac.PreviewFeature;
+
+/**
+ * Models the {@link Attributes#loadableDescriptors() LoadableDescriptors}
+ * attribute (JVMS {@jvms value-objects-4.7.32}), which permits the JVM to
+ * load mentioned classes and interfaces before the {@code class} file carrying
+ * this attribute is loaded.
+ * <p>
+ * This attribute only appears on classes, and does not permit {@linkplain
+ * AttributeMapper#allowMultiple multiple instances} in a class.  It has a
+ * data dependency on the {@linkplain AttributeMapper.AttributeStability#CP_REFS
+ * constant pool}.
+ * <p>
+ * The attribute is a preview VM feature in the current Java SE release.
+ *
+ * @see Attributes#loadableDescriptors()
+ * @jvms value-objects-4.7.32 The {@code LoadableDescriptors} Attribute
+ * @since 28
+ */
+@PreviewFeature(feature = PreviewFeature.Feature.VALUE_OBJECTS, reflective = true)
+public sealed interface LoadableDescriptorsAttribute
+        extends Attribute<LoadableDescriptorsAttribute>, ClassElement
+        permits BoundAttribute.BoundLoadableDescriptorsAttribute, UnboundAttribute.UnboundLoadableDescriptorsAttribute {
+
+    /**
+     * {@return the list of loadable descriptors}
+     */
+    List<Utf8Entry> loadableDescriptors();
+
+    /**
+     * {@return the list of loadable descriptors, as nominal descriptors}
+     */
+    default List<ClassDesc> loadableDescriptorSymbols() {
+        return Util.mappedList(loadableDescriptors(), Util::fieldTypeSymbol);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@return a {@code LoadableDescriptors} attribute}
+     * @param loadableDescriptors the loadable descriptors
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the number of loadable descriptors
+     *         exceeds the limit of {@link java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}
+     */
+    static LoadableDescriptorsAttribute of(List<Utf8Entry> loadableDescriptors) {
+        return new UnboundAttribute.UnboundLoadableDescriptorsAttribute(loadableDescriptors);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@return a {@code LoadableDescriptors} attribute}
+     * @param loadableDescriptors the loadable descriptors
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the number of loadable descriptors
+     *         exceeds the limit of {@link java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}
+     */
+    static LoadableDescriptorsAttribute of(Utf8Entry... loadableDescriptors) {
+        return of(List.of(loadableDescriptors));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@return a {@code LoadableDescriptors} attribute}
+     * @param loadableDescriptors the loadable descriptors
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the number of loadable descriptors
+     *         exceeds the limit of {@link java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}
+     */
+    static LoadableDescriptorsAttribute ofSymbols(List<ClassDesc> loadableDescriptors) {
+        return of(Util.fieldDescriptorList(loadableDescriptors));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@return a {@code LoadableDescriptors} attribute}
+     * @param loadableDescriptors the loadable descriptors
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the number of loadable descriptors
+     *         exceeds the limit of {@link java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}
+     */
+    static LoadableDescriptorsAttribute ofSymbols(ClassDesc... loadableDescriptors) {
+        return ofSymbols(Arrays.asList(loadableDescriptors));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/StackMapFrameInfo.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/StackMapFrameInfo.java
index d807cc23f2a..489ad7c0653 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/StackMapFrameInfo.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/StackMapFrameInfo.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -30,12 +30,14 @@
 import java.lang.classfile.Opcode;
 import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.ClassEntry;
 import java.lang.classfile.instruction.BranchInstruction;
+import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.NameAndTypeEntry;
 import java.lang.constant.ClassDesc;
 import java.util.List;
 
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.StackMapDecoder;
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.StackMapGenerator;
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.TemporaryConstantPool;
+import jdk.internal.javac.PreviewFeature;
 
 /**
  * Models a stack map frame in a {@link StackMapTableAttribute StackMapTable}
@@ -78,6 +80,20 @@ public sealed interface StackMapFrameInfo
      */
     List<VerificationTypeInfo> stack();
 
+    /**
+     * {@return the expanded unset fields}
+     * <p>
+     * If this stack map frame is declared in a {@code class} file that does not
+     * depend on preview features, the list of unset fields is always empty.
+     * If the {@code class} file depends on preview features, this method
+     * returns the list of unset fields.
+     *
+     * @jvms strict-fields-4.7.4 The {@code StackMapTable} Attribute
+     * @since 28
+     */
+    @PreviewFeature(feature = PreviewFeature.Feature.STRICT_FIELDS, reflective = true)
+    List<NameAndTypeEntry> unsetFields();
+
     /**
      * {@return a new stack map frame}
      *
@@ -90,7 +106,36 @@ public sealed interface StackMapFrameInfo
     public static StackMapFrameInfo of(Label target,
             List<VerificationTypeInfo> locals,
             List<VerificationTypeInfo> stack) {
-        return new StackMapDecoder.StackMapFrameImpl(255, target, locals, stack);
+
+        return of(target, locals, stack, List.of());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@return a new stack map frame}
+     * <p>
+     * If this stack map frame is declared in a {@code class} file that does not
+     * depend on preview features, the list of unset fields must be empty;
+     * otherwise, the {@code class} file must declare that it depends on preview
+     * features if the unset fields list contains any item.
+     *
+     * @param target the location of the frame
+     * @param locals the complete list of frame locals
+     * @param stack the complete frame stack
+     * @param unsetFields the complete list of unset fields
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the number of elements in {@code locals},
+     *         {@code stack}, or {@code unsetFields} exceeds the limit of
+     *         {@link java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}; or if unset fields has
+     *         elements, but no {@link SimpleVerificationTypeInfo#UNINITIALIZED_THIS
+     *         uninitializedThis} is present in {@code locals}
+     * @since 28
+     */
+    @PreviewFeature(feature = PreviewFeature.Feature.STRICT_FIELDS, reflective = true)
+    public static StackMapFrameInfo of(Label target,
+                                       List<VerificationTypeInfo> locals,
+                                       List<VerificationTypeInfo> stack,
+                                       List<NameAndTypeEntry> unsetFields) {
+
+        return new StackMapDecoder.StackMapFrameImpl(255, target, locals, stack, unsetFields);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/package-info.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/package-info.java
index 8bf5559df0a..45fcb211bdd 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/package-info.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/package-info.java
@@ -513,6 +513,7 @@
  *     | EnclosingMethodAttribute?(ClassEntry className, NameAndTypeEntry method)
  *     | InnerClassesAttribute?(List<InnerClassInfo> classes)
  *     | PermittedSubclassesAttribute?(List<ClassEntry> permittedSubclasses)
+ *     | LoadableDescriptorsAttribute?(List<Utf8Entry> loadableDescriptors)
  *     | DeclarationElement*
  * }
  *
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html
index 3b860ce0534..08feccb8338 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 <!doctype html>
 <!--
- Copyright (c) 2013, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ Copyright (c) 2013, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 
  This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -32,10 +32,14 @@ <h1 id="ValueBased">{@index "Value-based Classes"}</h1>
 
 Some classes, such as {@code java.lang.Integer} and
 {@code java.time.LocalDate}, are <em>value-based</em>.
-A value-based class has the following properties:
+In a future release, they may become value classes (JLS
+{@jls value-objects-8.1.1.5}).
+
+<p>A value-based class has the following properties:</p>
+
 <ul>
-    <li>the class declares only final instance fields (though these may contain references
-        to mutable objects);</li>
+    <li>all instance fields declared in the class and all of its superclasses
+        are final (though these may contain references to mutable objects);</li>
     <li>the class's implementations of {@code equals}, {@code hashCode},
         and {@code toString} compute their results solely from the values
         of the class's instance fields (and the members of the objects they
@@ -45,15 +49,15 @@ <h1 id="ValueBased">{@index "Value-based Classes"}</h1>
         {@code y} that are equal according to {@code equals()} produces no
         visible change in the behavior of the class's methods;</li>
     <li>the class performs no synchronization using an instance's monitor;</li>
-    <li>the class does not declare (or discourages use of) accessible constructors;</li>
+    <li>the class does not declare, or discourages use of, accessible constructors
+        (because each constructor call promises a unique identity);</li>
     <li>the class does not provide any instance creation mechanism that promises
         a unique identity on each method call&mdash;in particular, any factory
         method's contract must allow for the possibility that if two independently-produced
         instances are equal according to {@code equals()}, they may also be
         equal according to {@code ==};</li>
     <li>the class is final, and extends either {@code Object} or a hierarchy of
-        abstract classes that declare no instance fields or instance initializers
-        and whose constructors are empty.</li>
+        abstract classes.</li>
 </ul>
 
 <p>When two instances of a value-based class are equal (according to `equals`), a program
@@ -65,8 +69,16 @@ <h1 id="ValueBased">{@index "Value-based Classes"}</h1>
     because the programmer cannot guarantee exclusive ownership of the
     associated monitor.</p>
 
-<p>Identity-related behavior of value-based classes may change in a future release.
-    For example, synchronization may fail.</p>
+<p>When preview features are enabled, some value-based classes become value classes.
+    Instances of these classes become value objects, which have different identity-related
+    behaviors compared to identity objects:</p>
+<ul>
+    <li>Previously distinguishable instances, such as those created from distinct
+        constructor invocations (See JLS {@jls value-objects-15.9.4}), may be no
+        longer distinguishable via {@code ==}.
+    <li>The use of value objects for synchronization or with {@linkplain
+        java.lang.ref.Reference object references} results in {@link IdentityException}.
+</ul>
 
 </body>
 </html>
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/ArrayVarHandle.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/ArrayVarHandle.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f40cf65ef8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/ArrayVarHandle.java
@@ -0,0 +1,496 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package java.lang.invoke;
+
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import jdk.internal.util.Preconditions;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.ForceInline;
+
+import static java.lang.invoke.MethodHandleStatics.UNSAFE;
+
+/// The var handle for all object arrays.
+///
+/// Field layouts can be determined ahead-of-time from their declaring class.
+/// Array layouts cannot be determined: all arrays of the same component type
+/// and different layouts share the same `Class`.
+///
+/// This var handle must check each incoming array instance to determine the
+/// layout and the correct operation for that array.
+final class ArrayVarHandle extends VarHandle {
+    static final int REFERENCE_BASE = Math.toIntExact(Unsafe.ARRAY_OBJECT_BASE_OFFSET);
+    static final int REFERENCE_SHIFT = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(Unsafe.ARRAY_OBJECT_INDEX_SCALE);
+    final Class<?> arrayType;
+    final Class<?> componentType;
+
+    ArrayVarHandle(Class<?> arrayType) {
+        this(arrayType, false);
+    }
+
+    private ArrayVarHandle(Class<?> arrayType, boolean exact) {
+        super(ArrayVarHandle.FORM, exact);
+        this.arrayType = arrayType;
+        this.componentType = arrayType.getComponentType();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public ArrayVarHandle withInvokeExactBehavior() {
+        return hasInvokeExactBehavior()
+                ? this
+                : new ArrayVarHandle(arrayType, true);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public ArrayVarHandle withInvokeBehavior() {
+        return !hasInvokeExactBehavior()
+                ? this
+                : new ArrayVarHandle(arrayType, false);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Optional<VarHandleDesc> describeConstable() {
+        var arrayTypeRef = arrayType.describeConstable();
+        if (arrayTypeRef.isEmpty())
+            return Optional.empty();
+
+        return Optional.of(VarHandleDesc.ofArray(arrayTypeRef.get()));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    final MethodType accessModeTypeUncached(AccessType at) {
+        return at.accessModeType(arrayType, componentType, int.class);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static Object storeCheck(ArrayVarHandle handle, Object[] oarray, Object value) {
+        if (value == null && ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(oarray)) {
+            throw new NullPointerException("null not allowed for null-restricted array " + oarray.getClass().toGenericString());
+        }
+        if (handle.arrayType == oarray.getClass()) {
+            // Fast path: static array type same as argument array type
+            return handle.componentType.cast(value);
+        } else {
+            // Slow path: check value against argument array component type
+            return reflectiveTypeCheck(oarray, value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static Object reflectiveTypeCheck(Object[] oarray, Object value) {
+        try {
+            return oarray.getClass().getComponentType().cast(value);
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            throw new ArrayStoreException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static Object get(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index) {
+        ArrayVarHandle handle = (ArrayVarHandle) ob;
+        Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
+        return array[index];
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static void set(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, Object value) {
+        ArrayVarHandle handle = (ArrayVarHandle) ob;
+        Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
+        array[index] = storeCheck(handle, array, value);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static Object getVolatile(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index) {
+        ArrayVarHandle handle = (ArrayVarHandle) ob;
+        Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
+        Class<?> arrayType = oarray.getClass();
+        if (ValueClass.isFlatArray(array)) {
+            // delegate to flat access primitives
+            VarHandles.checkAtomicFlatArray(array);
+            int aoffset = (int) UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array);
+            int ascale = UNSAFE.arrayInstanceIndexScale(array);
+            int ashift = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(ascale);
+            int layout = UNSAFE.arrayLayout(array);
+            return UNSAFE.getFlatValueVolatile(array,
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << ashift) + aoffset, layout, arrayType.componentType());
+        }
+        return UNSAFE.getReferenceVolatile(array,
+                (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << REFERENCE_SHIFT) + REFERENCE_BASE);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static void setVolatile(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, Object value) {
+        ArrayVarHandle handle = (ArrayVarHandle) ob;
+        Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
+        Class<?> arrayType = oarray.getClass();
+        if (ValueClass.isFlatArray(array)) {
+            // delegate to flat access primitives
+            VarHandles.checkAtomicFlatArray(array);
+            int aoffset = (int) UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array);
+            int ascale = UNSAFE.arrayInstanceIndexScale(array);
+            int ashift = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(ascale);
+            int layout = UNSAFE.arrayLayout(array);
+            UNSAFE.putFlatValueVolatile(array,
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << ashift) + aoffset, layout, arrayType.componentType(),
+                    storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+            return;
+        }
+        UNSAFE.putReferenceVolatile(array,
+                (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << REFERENCE_SHIFT) + REFERENCE_BASE,
+                storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static Object getOpaque(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index) {
+        ArrayVarHandle handle = (ArrayVarHandle) ob;
+        Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
+        Class<?> arrayType = oarray.getClass();
+        if (ValueClass.isFlatArray(array)) {
+            // delegate to flat access primitives
+            VarHandles.checkAtomicFlatArray(array);
+            int aoffset = (int) UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array);
+            int ascale = UNSAFE.arrayInstanceIndexScale(array);
+            int ashift = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(ascale);
+            int layout = UNSAFE.arrayLayout(array);
+            return UNSAFE.getFlatValueOpaque(array,
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << ashift) + aoffset, layout, arrayType.componentType());
+        }
+        return UNSAFE.getReferenceOpaque(array,
+                (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << REFERENCE_SHIFT) + REFERENCE_BASE);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static void setOpaque(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, Object value) {
+        ArrayVarHandle handle = (ArrayVarHandle) ob;
+        Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
+        Class<?> arrayType = oarray.getClass();
+        if (ValueClass.isFlatArray(array)) {
+            // delegate to flat access primitives
+            VarHandles.checkAtomicFlatArray(array);
+            int aoffset = (int) UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array);
+            int ascale = UNSAFE.arrayInstanceIndexScale(array);
+            int ashift = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(ascale);
+            int layout = UNSAFE.arrayLayout(array);
+            UNSAFE.putFlatValueOpaque(array,
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << ashift) + aoffset, layout, arrayType.componentType(),
+                    storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+            return;
+        }
+        UNSAFE.putReferenceOpaque(array,
+                (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << REFERENCE_SHIFT) + REFERENCE_BASE,
+                storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static Object getAcquire(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index) {
+        ArrayVarHandle handle = (ArrayVarHandle) ob;
+        Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
+        Class<?> arrayType = oarray.getClass();
+        if (ValueClass.isFlatArray(array)) {
+            // delegate to flat access primitives
+            VarHandles.checkAtomicFlatArray(array);
+            int aoffset = (int) UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array);
+            int ascale = UNSAFE.arrayInstanceIndexScale(array);
+            int ashift = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(ascale);
+            int layout = UNSAFE.arrayLayout(array);
+            return UNSAFE.getFlatValueAcquire(array,
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << ashift) + aoffset, layout, arrayType.componentType());
+        }
+        return UNSAFE.getReferenceAcquire(array,
+                (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << REFERENCE_SHIFT) + REFERENCE_BASE);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static void setRelease(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, Object value) {
+        ArrayVarHandle handle = (ArrayVarHandle) ob;
+        Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
+        Class<?> arrayType = oarray.getClass();
+        if (ValueClass.isFlatArray(array)) {
+            // delegate to flat access primitives
+            VarHandles.checkAtomicFlatArray(array);
+            int aoffset = (int) UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array);
+            int ascale = UNSAFE.arrayInstanceIndexScale(array);
+            int ashift = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(ascale);
+            int layout = UNSAFE.arrayLayout(array);
+            UNSAFE.putFlatValueRelease(array,
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << ashift) + aoffset, layout, arrayType.componentType(),
+                    storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+            return;
+        }
+        UNSAFE.putReferenceRelease(array,
+                (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << REFERENCE_SHIFT) + REFERENCE_BASE,
+                storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static boolean compareAndSet(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, Object expected, Object value) {
+        ArrayVarHandle handle = (ArrayVarHandle) ob;
+        Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
+        Class<?> arrayType = oarray.getClass();
+        if (ValueClass.isFlatArray(array)) {
+            // delegate to flat access primitives
+            VarHandles.checkAtomicFlatArray(array);
+            int aoffset = (int) UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array);
+            int ascale = UNSAFE.arrayInstanceIndexScale(array);
+            int ashift = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(ascale);
+            int layout = UNSAFE.arrayLayout(array);
+            return UNSAFE.compareAndSetFlatValue(array,
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << ashift) + aoffset, layout, arrayType.componentType(),
+                    arrayType.componentType().cast(expected),
+                    storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+        }
+        return UNSAFE.compareAndSetReference(array,
+                (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << REFERENCE_SHIFT) + REFERENCE_BASE, handle.componentType,
+                handle.componentType.cast(expected),
+                storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static Object compareAndExchange(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, Object expected, Object value) {
+        ArrayVarHandle handle = (ArrayVarHandle) ob;
+        Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
+        Class<?> arrayType = oarray.getClass();
+        if (ValueClass.isFlatArray(array)) {
+            // delegate to flat access primitives
+            VarHandles.checkAtomicFlatArray(array);
+            int aoffset = (int) UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array);
+            int ascale = UNSAFE.arrayInstanceIndexScale(array);
+            int ashift = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(ascale);
+            int layout = UNSAFE.arrayLayout(array);
+            return UNSAFE.compareAndExchangeFlatValue(array,
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << ashift) + aoffset, layout, arrayType.componentType(),
+                    arrayType.componentType().cast(expected),
+                    storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+        }
+        return UNSAFE.compareAndExchangeReference(array,
+                (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << REFERENCE_SHIFT) + REFERENCE_BASE, handle.componentType,
+                handle.componentType.cast(expected),
+                storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static Object compareAndExchangeAcquire(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, Object expected, Object value) {
+        ArrayVarHandle handle = (ArrayVarHandle) ob;
+        Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
+        Class<?> arrayType = oarray.getClass();
+        if (ValueClass.isFlatArray(array)) {
+            // delegate to flat access primitives
+            VarHandles.checkAtomicFlatArray(array);
+            int aoffset = (int) UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array);
+            int ascale = UNSAFE.arrayInstanceIndexScale(array);
+            int ashift = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(ascale);
+            int layout = UNSAFE.arrayLayout(array);
+            return UNSAFE.compareAndExchangeFlatValueAcquire(array,
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << ashift) + aoffset, layout, arrayType.componentType(),
+                    arrayType.componentType().cast(expected),
+                    storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+        }
+        return UNSAFE.compareAndExchangeReferenceAcquire(array,
+                (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << REFERENCE_SHIFT) + REFERENCE_BASE, handle.componentType,
+                handle.componentType.cast(expected),
+                storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static Object compareAndExchangeRelease(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, Object expected, Object value) {
+        ArrayVarHandle handle = (ArrayVarHandle) ob;
+        Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
+        Class<?> arrayType = oarray.getClass();
+        if (ValueClass.isFlatArray(array)) {
+            // delegate to flat access primitives
+            VarHandles.checkAtomicFlatArray(array);
+            int aoffset = (int) UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array);
+            int ascale = UNSAFE.arrayInstanceIndexScale(array);
+            int ashift = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(ascale);
+            int layout = UNSAFE.arrayLayout(array);
+            return UNSAFE.compareAndExchangeFlatValueRelease(array,
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << ashift) + aoffset, layout, arrayType.componentType(),
+                    arrayType.componentType().cast(expected),
+                    storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+        }
+        return UNSAFE.compareAndExchangeReferenceRelease(array,
+                (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << REFERENCE_SHIFT) + REFERENCE_BASE, handle.componentType,
+                handle.componentType.cast(expected),
+                storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static boolean weakCompareAndSetPlain(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, Object expected, Object value) {
+        ArrayVarHandle handle = (ArrayVarHandle) ob;
+        Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
+        Class<?> arrayType = oarray.getClass();
+        if (ValueClass.isFlatArray(array)) {
+            // delegate to flat access primitives
+            VarHandles.checkAtomicFlatArray(array);
+            int aoffset = (int) UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array);
+            int ascale = UNSAFE.arrayInstanceIndexScale(array);
+            int ashift = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(ascale);
+            int layout = UNSAFE.arrayLayout(array);
+            return UNSAFE.weakCompareAndSetFlatValuePlain(array,
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << ashift) + aoffset, layout, arrayType.componentType(),
+                    arrayType.componentType().cast(expected),
+                    storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+        }
+        return UNSAFE.weakCompareAndSetReferencePlain(array,
+                (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << REFERENCE_SHIFT) + REFERENCE_BASE, handle.componentType,
+                handle.componentType.cast(expected),
+                storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static boolean weakCompareAndSet(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, Object expected, Object value) {
+        ArrayVarHandle handle = (ArrayVarHandle) ob;
+        Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
+        Class<?> arrayType = oarray.getClass();
+        if (ValueClass.isFlatArray(array)) {
+            // delegate to flat access primitives
+            VarHandles.checkAtomicFlatArray(array);
+            int aoffset = (int) UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array);
+            int ascale = UNSAFE.arrayInstanceIndexScale(array);
+            int ashift = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(ascale);
+            int layout = UNSAFE.arrayLayout(array);
+            return UNSAFE.weakCompareAndSetFlatValue(array,
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << ashift) + aoffset, layout, arrayType.componentType(),
+                    arrayType.componentType().cast(expected),
+                    storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+        }
+        return UNSAFE.weakCompareAndSetReference(array,
+                (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << REFERENCE_SHIFT) + REFERENCE_BASE, handle.componentType,
+                handle.componentType.cast(expected),
+                storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static boolean weakCompareAndSetAcquire(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, Object expected, Object value) {
+        ArrayVarHandle handle = (ArrayVarHandle) ob;
+        Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
+        Class<?> arrayType = oarray.getClass();
+        if (ValueClass.isFlatArray(array)) {
+            // delegate to flat access primitives
+            VarHandles.checkAtomicFlatArray(array);
+            int aoffset = (int) UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array);
+            int ascale = UNSAFE.arrayInstanceIndexScale(array);
+            int ashift = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(ascale);
+            int layout = UNSAFE.arrayLayout(array);
+            return UNSAFE.weakCompareAndSetFlatValueAcquire(array,
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << ashift) + aoffset, layout, arrayType.componentType(),
+                    arrayType.componentType().cast(expected),
+                    storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+        }
+        return UNSAFE.weakCompareAndSetReferenceAcquire(array,
+                (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << REFERENCE_SHIFT) + REFERENCE_BASE, handle.componentType,
+                handle.componentType.cast(expected),
+                storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static boolean weakCompareAndSetRelease(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, Object expected, Object value) {
+        ArrayVarHandle handle = (ArrayVarHandle) ob;
+        Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
+        Class<?> arrayType = oarray.getClass();
+        if (ValueClass.isFlatArray(array)) {
+            // delegate to flat access primitives
+            VarHandles.checkAtomicFlatArray(array);
+            int aoffset = (int) UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array);
+            int ascale = UNSAFE.arrayInstanceIndexScale(array);
+            int ashift = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(ascale);
+            int layout = UNSAFE.arrayLayout(array);
+            return UNSAFE.weakCompareAndSetFlatValueRelease(array,
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << ashift) + aoffset, layout, arrayType.componentType(),
+                    arrayType.componentType().cast(expected),
+                    storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+        }
+        return UNSAFE.weakCompareAndSetReferenceRelease(array,
+                (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << REFERENCE_SHIFT) + REFERENCE_BASE, handle.componentType,
+                handle.componentType.cast(expected),
+                storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static Object getAndSet(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, Object value) {
+        ArrayVarHandle handle = (ArrayVarHandle) ob;
+        Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
+        Class<?> arrayType = oarray.getClass();
+        if (ValueClass.isFlatArray(array)) {
+            // delegate to flat access primitives
+            VarHandles.checkAtomicFlatArray(array);
+            int aoffset = (int) UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array);
+            int ascale = UNSAFE.arrayInstanceIndexScale(array);
+            int ashift = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(ascale);
+            int layout = UNSAFE.arrayLayout(array);
+            return UNSAFE.getAndSetFlatValue(array,
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << ashift) + aoffset, layout, arrayType.componentType(),
+                    storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+        }
+        return UNSAFE.getAndSetReference(array,
+                (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << REFERENCE_SHIFT) + REFERENCE_BASE,
+                handle.componentType, storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static Object getAndSetAcquire(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, Object value) {
+        ArrayVarHandle handle = (ArrayVarHandle) ob;
+        Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
+        Class<?> arrayType = oarray.getClass();
+        if (ValueClass.isFlatArray(array)) {
+            // delegate to flat access primitives
+            VarHandles.checkAtomicFlatArray(array);
+            int aoffset = (int) UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array);
+            int ascale = UNSAFE.arrayInstanceIndexScale(array);
+            int ashift = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(ascale);
+            int layout = UNSAFE.arrayLayout(array);
+            return UNSAFE.getAndSetFlatValueAcquire(array,
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << ashift) + aoffset, layout, arrayType.componentType(),
+                    storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+        }
+        return UNSAFE.getAndSetReferenceAcquire(array,
+                (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << REFERENCE_SHIFT) + REFERENCE_BASE,
+                handle.componentType, storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static Object getAndSetRelease(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, Object value) {
+        ArrayVarHandle handle = (ArrayVarHandle) ob;
+        Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
+        Class<?> arrayType = oarray.getClass();
+        if (ValueClass.isFlatArray(array)) {
+            // delegate to flat access primitives
+            VarHandles.checkAtomicFlatArray(array);
+            int aoffset = (int) UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array);
+            int ascale = UNSAFE.arrayInstanceIndexScale(array);
+            int ashift = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(ascale);
+            int layout = UNSAFE.arrayLayout(array);
+            return UNSAFE.getAndSetFlatValueRelease(array,
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << ashift) + aoffset, layout, arrayType.componentType(),
+                    storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+        }
+        return UNSAFE.getAndSetReferenceRelease(array,
+                (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << REFERENCE_SHIFT) + REFERENCE_BASE,
+                handle.componentType, storeCheck(handle, array, value));
+    }
+
+    static final VarForm FORM = new VarForm(ArrayVarHandle.class, Object[].class, Object.class, int.class);
+}
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/DirectMethodHandle.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/DirectMethodHandle.java
index b5738ad6fba..70237de1740 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/DirectMethodHandle.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/DirectMethodHandle.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
 import jdk.internal.misc.CDS;
 import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.AOTSafeClassInitializer;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.ForceInline;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.Stable;
@@ -369,7 +370,7 @@ static boolean shouldBeInitialized(MemberName member) {
     }
 
     private void ensureInitialized() {
-        if (checkInitialized(member)) {
+        if (checkInitialized()) {
             // The coast is clear.  Delete the <clinit> barrier.
             updateForm(new Function<>() {
                 public LambdaForm apply(LambdaForm oldForm) {
@@ -379,14 +380,19 @@ public LambdaForm apply(LambdaForm oldForm) {
             });
         }
     }
-    private static boolean checkInitialized(MemberName member) {
+    private boolean checkInitialized() {
         Class<?> defc = member.getDeclaringClass();
         UNSAFE.ensureClassInitialized(defc);
         // Once we get here either defc was fully initialized by another thread, or
         // defc was already being initialized by the current thread. In the latter case
         // the barrier must remain. We can detect this simply by checking if initialization
         // is still needed.
-        return !UNSAFE.shouldBeInitialized(defc);
+        boolean initializingStill = UNSAFE.shouldBeInitialized(defc);
+        if (initializingStill && member.isStrictInit()) {
+            // while <clinit> is running, we track access to strict static fields
+            UNSAFE.notifyStrictStaticAccess(defc, staticOffset(this), member.isSetter());
+        }
+        return !initializingStill;
     }
 
     /*non-public*/
@@ -498,6 +504,15 @@ static Object constructorMethod(Object mh) {
     }
 
     /*non-public*/
+
+    /**
+     * This method returns an uninitialized instance. In general, this is undefined behavior, this
+     * method is treated specially by the JVM to allow this behavior. The returned value must be
+     * passed into a constructor using {@link MethodHandle#linkToSpecial} before any other
+     * operation can be performed on it. Otherwise, the program is ill-formed.
+     *
+     * @see Unsafe
+     */
     static Object allocateInstance(Object mh) throws InstantiationException {
         Constructor dmh = (Constructor)mh;
         return UNSAFE.allocateInstance(dmh.instanceClass);
@@ -507,11 +522,13 @@ static Object allocateInstance(Object mh) throws InstantiationException {
     static final class Accessor extends DirectMethodHandle {
         final Class<?> fieldType;
         final int      fieldOffset;
+        final int      layout;
         private Accessor(MethodType mtype, LambdaForm form, MemberName member,
                          boolean crackable, int fieldOffset) {
             super(mtype, form, member, crackable);
             this.fieldType   = member.getFieldType();
             this.fieldOffset = fieldOffset;
+            this.layout = member.getLayout();
         }
 
         @Override Object checkCast(Object obj) {
@@ -601,6 +618,21 @@ static Object checkCast(Object mh, Object obj) {
         return ((DirectMethodHandle) mh).checkCast(obj);
     }
 
+    @ForceInline
+    /*non-public*/ static Class<?> fieldType(Object accessorObj) {
+        return ((Accessor) accessorObj).fieldType;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static int fieldLayout(Object accessorObj) {
+        return ((Accessor) accessorObj).layout;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    /*non-public*/ static Class<?> staticFieldType(Object accessorObj) {
+        return ((StaticAccessor) accessorObj).fieldType;
+    }
+
     Object checkCast(Object obj) {
         return member.getMethodType().returnType().cast(obj);
     }
@@ -615,11 +647,28 @@ Object checkCast(Object obj) {
             AF_PUTSTATIC_INIT  = 5,
             AF_LIMIT           = 6;
     // Enumerate the different field kinds using Wrapper,
-    // with an extra case added for checked references.
+    // with an extra case added for checked references and value field access
     static final int
-            FT_UNCHECKED_REF   = Wrapper.OBJECT.ordinal(),
-            FT_CHECKED_REF     = Wrapper.VOID.ordinal(),
-            FT_LIMIT           = Wrapper.COUNT;
+            FT_FIRST_REFERENCE = 8,
+            // Any oop, same sig (Runnable?)
+            FT_UNCHECKED_REF    = FT_FIRST_REFERENCE,
+            // Oop with type checks (Number?)
+            FT_CHECKED_REF      = FT_FIRST_REFERENCE + 1,
+            // Oop with null checks, (Runnable!)
+            FT_UNCHECKED_NR_REF = FT_FIRST_REFERENCE + 2,
+            // Oop with null and type checks, (Number!)
+            FT_CHECKED_NR_REF   = FT_FIRST_REFERENCE + 3,
+            FT_FIRST_FLAT = FT_FIRST_REFERENCE + 4,
+            // nullable flat (must check type), (Integer?)
+            FT_NULLABLE_FLAT    = FT_FIRST_FLAT,
+            // Null restricted flat (must check type), (Integer!)
+            FT_NR_FLAT          = FT_FIRST_FLAT + 1,
+            FT_LIMIT            = FT_FIRST_FLAT + 2;
+
+    static {
+        assert FT_FIRST_REFERENCE == Wrapper.OBJECT.ordinal();
+    }
+
     private static int afIndex(byte formOp, boolean isVolatile, int ftypeKind) {
         return ((formOp * FT_LIMIT * 2)
                 + (isVolatile ? FT_LIMIT : 0)
@@ -628,15 +677,20 @@ private static int afIndex(byte formOp, boolean isVolatile, int ftypeKind) {
     @Stable
     private static final LambdaForm[] ACCESSOR_FORMS
             = new LambdaForm[afIndex(AF_LIMIT, false, 0)];
-    static int ftypeKind(Class<?> ftype) {
+    static int ftypeKind(Class<?> ftype, boolean isFlat, boolean isNullRestricted) {
         if (ftype.isPrimitive()) {
+            assert !isFlat && !isNullRestricted : ftype;
             return Wrapper.forPrimitiveType(ftype).ordinal();
         } else if (ftype.isInterface() || ftype.isAssignableFrom(Object.class)) {
+            assert !isFlat : ftype;
             // retyping can be done without a cast
-            return FT_UNCHECKED_REF;
-        } else {
-            return FT_CHECKED_REF;
+            return isNullRestricted ? FT_UNCHECKED_NR_REF : FT_UNCHECKED_REF;
         }
+        if (isFlat) {
+            assert ValueClass.isConcreteValueClass(ftype) : ftype;
+            return isNullRestricted ? FT_NR_FLAT : FT_NULLABLE_FLAT;
+        }
+        return isNullRestricted ? FT_CHECKED_NR_REF : FT_CHECKED_REF;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -646,7 +700,6 @@ static int ftypeKind(Class<?> ftype) {
      */
     private static LambdaForm preparedFieldLambdaForm(MemberName m) {
         Class<?> ftype = m.getFieldType();
-        boolean isVolatile = m.isVolatile();
         byte formOp = switch (m.getReferenceKind()) {
             case REF_getField  -> AF_GETFIELD;
             case REF_putField  -> AF_PUTFIELD;
@@ -656,19 +709,25 @@ private static LambdaForm preparedFieldLambdaForm(MemberName m) {
         };
         if (shouldBeInitialized(m)) {
             // precompute the barrier-free version:
-            preparedFieldLambdaForm(formOp, isVolatile, ftype);
+            preparedFieldLambdaForm(formOp, m.isVolatile(), m.isFlat(), m.isNullRestricted(), ftype);
             assert((AF_GETSTATIC_INIT - AF_GETSTATIC) ==
                    (AF_PUTSTATIC_INIT - AF_PUTSTATIC));
             formOp += (AF_GETSTATIC_INIT - AF_GETSTATIC);
         }
-        LambdaForm lform = preparedFieldLambdaForm(formOp, isVolatile, ftype);
+        LambdaForm lform = preparedFieldLambdaForm(formOp, m.isVolatile(), m.isFlat(), m.isNullRestricted(), ftype);
         assert(lform.methodType().dropParameterTypes(0, 1)
                 .equals(m.getInvocationType().basicType()))
                 : Arrays.asList(m, m.getInvocationType().basicType(), lform, lform.methodType());
         return lform;
     }
-    private static LambdaForm preparedFieldLambdaForm(byte formOp, boolean isVolatile, Class<?> ftype) {
-        int ftypeKind = ftypeKind(ftype);
+
+    private static LambdaForm preparedFieldLambdaForm(byte formOp, boolean isVolatile,
+                                                      boolean isFlat, boolean isNullRestricted, Class<?> ftype) {
+        int ftypeKind = ftypeKind(ftype, isFlat, isNullRestricted);
+        return preparedFieldLambdaForm(formOp, isVolatile, ftypeKind);
+    }
+
+    private static LambdaForm preparedFieldLambdaForm(byte formOp, boolean isVolatile, int ftypeKind) {
         int afIndex = afIndex(formOp, isVolatile, ftypeKind);
         LambdaForm lform = ACCESSOR_FORMS[afIndex];
         if (lform != null)  return lform;
@@ -680,47 +739,77 @@ private static LambdaForm preparedFieldLambdaForm(byte formOp, boolean isVolatil
     private static final @Stable Wrapper[] ALL_WRAPPERS = Wrapper.values();
 
     // Names in kind may overload but differ from their basic type
-    private static Kind getFieldKind(boolean isVolatile, boolean needsInit, boolean needsCast, Wrapper wrapper) {
+    private static Kind getFieldKind(boolean isGetter,
+                                     boolean isVolatile,
+                                     boolean needsInit,
+                                     boolean needsCast,
+                                     boolean isFlat,
+                                     boolean isNullRestricted,
+                                     Wrapper wrapper) {
+        if (!wrapper.isOther()) {
+            // primitives
+            assert !isFlat && !isNullRestricted && !needsCast;
+            return switch (wrapper) {
+                case BYTE -> isVolatile
+                        ? (needsInit ? VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_B : VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_B)
+                        : (needsInit ? FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_B : FIELD_ACCESS_B);
+                case CHAR -> isVolatile
+                        ? (needsInit ? VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_C : VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_C)
+                        : (needsInit ? FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_C : FIELD_ACCESS_C);
+                case SHORT -> isVolatile
+                        ? (needsInit ? VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_S : VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_S)
+                        : (needsInit ? FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_S : FIELD_ACCESS_S);
+                case BOOLEAN -> isVolatile
+                        ? (needsInit ? VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_Z : VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_Z)
+                        : (needsInit ? FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_Z : FIELD_ACCESS_Z);
+                // basic types
+                default -> isVolatile
+                        ? (needsInit ? VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_INIT : VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS)
+                        : (needsInit ? FIELD_ACCESS_INIT : FIELD_ACCESS);
+            };
+        }
+
+        assert !(isGetter && isNullRestricted);
         if (isVolatile) {
-            if (needsInit) {
-                return switch (wrapper) {
-                    case BYTE -> VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_B;
-                    case CHAR -> VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_C;
-                    case SHORT -> VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_S;
-                    case BOOLEAN -> VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_Z;
-                    default -> needsCast ? VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_CAST : VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_INIT;
-                };
+            if (isFlat) {
+                assert !needsInit && needsCast;
+                return isNullRestricted ? VOLATILE_PUT_NULL_RESTRICTED_FLAT_VALUE : VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_FLAT;
+            } else if (needsCast) {
+                if (needsInit) {
+                    return isNullRestricted ? VOLATILE_PUT_NULL_RESTRICTED_REFERENCE_CAST_INIT : VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_CAST;
+                } else {
+                    return isNullRestricted ? VOLATILE_PUT_NULL_RESTRICTED_REFERENCE_CAST : VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_CAST;
+                }
             } else {
-                return switch (wrapper) {
-                    case BYTE -> VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_B;
-                    case CHAR -> VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_C;
-                    case SHORT -> VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_S;
-                    case BOOLEAN -> VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_Z;
-                    default -> needsCast ? VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_CAST : VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS;
-                };
+                if (needsInit) {
+                    return isNullRestricted ? VOLATILE_PUT_NULL_RESTRICTED_REFERENCE_INIT : VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_INIT;
+                } else {
+                    return isNullRestricted ? VOLATILE_PUT_NULL_RESTRICTED_REFERENCE : VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS;
+                }
             }
         } else {
-            if (needsInit) {
-                return switch (wrapper) {
-                    case BYTE -> FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_B;
-                    case CHAR -> FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_C;
-                    case SHORT -> FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_S;
-                    case BOOLEAN -> FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_Z;
-                    default -> needsCast ? FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_CAST : FIELD_ACCESS_INIT;
-                };
+            if (isFlat) {
+                assert !needsInit && needsCast;
+                return isNullRestricted ? PUT_NULL_RESTRICTED_FLAT_VALUE : FIELD_ACCESS_FLAT;
+            } else if (needsCast) {
+                if (needsInit) {
+                    return isNullRestricted ? PUT_NULL_RESTRICTED_REFERENCE_CAST_INIT : FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_CAST;
+                } else {
+                    return isNullRestricted ? PUT_NULL_RESTRICTED_REFERENCE_CAST : FIELD_ACCESS_CAST;
+                }
             } else {
-                return switch (wrapper) {
-                    case BYTE -> FIELD_ACCESS_B;
-                    case CHAR -> FIELD_ACCESS_C;
-                    case SHORT -> FIELD_ACCESS_S;
-                    case BOOLEAN -> FIELD_ACCESS_Z;
-                    default -> needsCast ? FIELD_ACCESS_CAST : FIELD_ACCESS;
-                };
+                if (needsInit) {
+                    return isNullRestricted ? PUT_NULL_RESTRICTED_REFERENCE_INIT : FIELD_ACCESS_INIT;
+                } else {
+                    return isNullRestricted ? PUT_NULL_RESTRICTED_REFERENCE : FIELD_ACCESS;
+                }
             }
         }
     }
 
-    private static String unsafeMethodName(boolean isGetter, boolean isVolatile, Wrapper wrapper) {
+    private static String unsafeMethodName(boolean isGetter,
+                                           boolean isVolatile,
+                                           Wrapper wrapper) {
         var name = switch (wrapper) {
             case BOOLEAN -> "Boolean";
             case BYTE -> "Byte";
@@ -731,7 +820,7 @@ private static String unsafeMethodName(boolean isGetter, boolean isVolatile, Wra
             case LONG -> "Long";
             case DOUBLE -> "Double";
             case OBJECT -> "Reference";
-            case VOID -> throw new InternalError();
+            case VOID -> "FlatValue";
         };
         var sb = new StringBuilder(3 + name.length() + (isVolatile ? 8 : 0))
                 .append(isGetter ? "get" : "put")
@@ -746,21 +835,45 @@ static LambdaForm makePreparedFieldLambdaForm(byte formOp, boolean isVolatile, i
         boolean isGetter  = (formOp & 1) == (AF_GETFIELD & 1);
         boolean isStatic  = (formOp >= AF_GETSTATIC);
         boolean needsInit = (formOp >= AF_GETSTATIC_INIT);
-        boolean needsCast = (ftypeKind == FT_CHECKED_REF);
-        Wrapper fw = (needsCast ? Wrapper.OBJECT : ALL_WRAPPERS[ftypeKind]);
-        Class<?> ft = fw.primitiveType();
-        assert(ftypeKind(needsCast ? String.class : ft) == ftypeKind);
+        boolean isFlat = (ftypeKind >= FT_FIRST_FLAT);
+        boolean isNullRestricted = (ftypeKind == FT_NR_FLAT || ftypeKind == FT_CHECKED_NR_REF || ftypeKind == FT_UNCHECKED_NR_REF);
+        boolean needsCast = (isFlat || ftypeKind == FT_CHECKED_REF || ftypeKind == FT_CHECKED_NR_REF);
+
+        if (isGetter && isNullRestricted) {
+            int newKind = switch (ftypeKind) {
+                case FT_NR_FLAT -> FT_NULLABLE_FLAT;
+                case FT_CHECKED_NR_REF -> FT_CHECKED_REF;
+                case FT_UNCHECKED_NR_REF -> FT_UNCHECKED_REF;
+                default -> throw new InternalError();
+            };
+            return preparedFieldLambdaForm(formOp, isVolatile, newKind);
+        }
+
+        if (isFlat && isStatic)
+            throw new InternalError("Static flat not supported yet");
+
+        // primitives, reference, and void for flat
+        Wrapper fw = ftypeKind < FT_FIRST_REFERENCE ? ALL_WRAPPERS[ftypeKind] :
+                isFlat ? Wrapper.VOID : Wrapper.OBJECT;
 
         // getObject, putIntVolatile, etc.
         String unsafeMethodName = unsafeMethodName(isGetter, isVolatile, fw);
-        // isGetter and isStatic is reflected in field type; basic type clash for subwords
-        Kind kind = getFieldKind(isVolatile, needsInit, needsCast, fw);
+        // isGetter and isStatic is reflected in field type;
+        // flat, NR distinguished
+        // basic type clash for subwords
+        Kind kind = getFieldKind(isGetter, isVolatile, needsInit, needsCast, isFlat, isNullRestricted, fw);
 
+        Class<?> ft = ftypeKind < FT_FIRST_REFERENCE ? fw.primitiveType() : Object.class;
         MethodType linkerType;
-        if (isGetter)
-            linkerType = MethodType.methodType(ft, Object.class, long.class);
-        else
-            linkerType = MethodType.methodType(void.class, Object.class, long.class, ft);
+        if (isGetter) {
+            linkerType = isFlat
+                            ? MethodType.methodType(ft, Object.class, long.class, int.class, Class.class)
+                            : MethodType.methodType(ft, Object.class, long.class);
+        } else {
+            linkerType = isFlat
+                            ? MethodType.methodType(void.class, Object.class, long.class, int.class, Class.class, ft)
+                            : MethodType.methodType(void.class, Object.class, long.class, ft);
+        }
         MemberName linker = new MemberName(Unsafe.class, unsafeMethodName, linkerType, REF_invokeVirtual);
         try {
             linker = IMPL_NAMES.resolveOrFail(REF_invokeVirtual, linker, null, LM_TRUSTED,
@@ -791,17 +904,24 @@ static LambdaForm makePreparedFieldLambdaForm(byte formOp, boolean isVolatile, i
         final int OBJ_CHECK = (OBJ_BASE >= 0 ? nameCursor++ : -1);
         final int U_HOLDER  = nameCursor++;  // UNSAFE holder
         final int INIT_BAR  = (needsInit ? nameCursor++ : -1);
+        final int LAYOUT = (isFlat ? nameCursor++ : -1); // field must be instance
+        final int VALUE_TYPE = (isFlat ? nameCursor++ : -1);
+        final int NULL_CHECK  = (isNullRestricted && !isGetter ? nameCursor++ : -1);
         final int PRE_CAST  = (needsCast && !isGetter ? nameCursor++ : -1);
         final int LINKER_CALL = nameCursor++;
         final int POST_CAST = (needsCast && isGetter ? nameCursor++ : -1);
-        final int RESULT    = nameCursor-1;  // either the call or the cast
+        final int RESULT    = nameCursor-1;  // either the call, or the cast
         Name[] names = invokeArguments(nameCursor - ARG_LIMIT, mtype);
         if (needsInit)
             names[INIT_BAR] = new Name(getFunction(NF_ensureInitialized), names[DMH_THIS]);
-        if (needsCast && !isGetter)
-            names[PRE_CAST] = new Name(getFunction(NF_checkCast), names[DMH_THIS], names[SET_VALUE]);
+        if (!isGetter) {
+            if (isNullRestricted)
+                names[NULL_CHECK] = new Name(getFunction(NF_nullCheck), names[SET_VALUE]);
+            if (needsCast)
+                names[PRE_CAST] = new Name(getFunction(NF_checkCast), names[DMH_THIS], names[SET_VALUE]);
+        }
         Object[] outArgs = new Object[1 + linkerType.parameterCount()];
-        assert(outArgs.length == (isGetter ? 3 : 4));
+        assert (outArgs.length == (isGetter ? 3 : 4) + (isFlat ? 2 : 0));
         outArgs[0] = names[U_HOLDER] = new Name(getFunction(NF_UNSAFE));
         if (isStatic) {
             outArgs[1] = names[F_HOLDER]  = new Name(getFunction(NF_staticBase), names[DMH_THIS]);
@@ -810,8 +930,14 @@ static LambdaForm makePreparedFieldLambdaForm(byte formOp, boolean isVolatile, i
             outArgs[1] = names[OBJ_CHECK] = new Name(getFunction(NF_checkBase), names[OBJ_BASE]);
             outArgs[2] = names[F_OFFSET]  = new Name(getFunction(NF_fieldOffset), names[DMH_THIS]);
         }
+        int x = 3;
+        if (isFlat) {
+            outArgs[x++] = names[LAYOUT] = new Name(getFunction(NF_fieldLayout), names[DMH_THIS]);
+            outArgs[x++] = names[VALUE_TYPE] = isStatic ? new Name(getFunction(NF_staticFieldType), names[DMH_THIS])
+                                                        : new Name(getFunction(NF_fieldType), names[DMH_THIS]);
+        }
         if (!isGetter) {
-            outArgs[3] = (needsCast ? names[PRE_CAST] : names[SET_VALUE]);
+            outArgs[x] = (needsCast ? names[PRE_CAST] : names[SET_VALUE]);
         }
         for (Object a : outArgs)  assert(a != null);
         names[LINKER_CALL] = new Name(linker, outArgs);
@@ -830,6 +956,9 @@ static LambdaForm makePreparedFieldLambdaForm(byte formOp, boolean isVolatile, i
             } else {
                 nameBuilder.append("Field");
             }
+            if (isNullRestricted) {
+                nameBuilder.append("NullRestricted");
+            }
             if (needsCast) {
                 nameBuilder.append("Cast");
             }
@@ -859,7 +988,11 @@ static LambdaForm makePreparedFieldLambdaForm(byte formOp, boolean isVolatile, i
             NF_constructorMethod = 9,
             NF_UNSAFE = 10,
             NF_checkReceiver = 11,
-            NF_LIMIT = 12;
+            NF_fieldType = 12,
+            NF_staticFieldType = 13,
+            NF_fieldLayout = 14,
+            NF_nullCheck = 15,
+            NF_LIMIT = 16;
 
     private static final @Stable NamedFunction[] NFS = new NamedFunction[NF_LIMIT];
 
@@ -874,6 +1007,9 @@ private static NamedFunction getFunction(byte func) {
         return nf;
     }
 
+    private static final MethodType CLS_OBJ_TYPE = MethodType.methodType(Class.class, Object.class);
+    private static final MethodType INT_OBJ_TYPE = MethodType.methodType(int.class, Object.class);
+
     private static final MethodType OBJ_OBJ_TYPE = MethodType.methodType(Object.class, Object.class);
 
     private static final MethodType LONG_OBJ_TYPE = MethodType.methodType(long.class, Object.class);
@@ -913,6 +1049,14 @@ private static NamedFunction createFunction(byte func) {
                             MemberName.getFactory().resolveOrFail(REF_invokeVirtual, member,
                                                                   DirectMethodHandle.class, LM_TRUSTED,
                                                                   NoSuchMethodException.class));
+                case NF_fieldType:
+                    return getNamedFunction("fieldType", CLS_OBJ_TYPE);
+                case NF_staticFieldType:
+                    return getNamedFunction("staticFieldType", CLS_OBJ_TYPE);
+                case NF_nullCheck:
+                    return getNamedFunction("nullCheck", OBJ_OBJ_TYPE);
+                case NF_fieldLayout:
+                    return getNamedFunction("fieldLayout", INT_OBJ_TYPE);
                 default:
                     throw newInternalError("Unknown function: " + func);
             }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/GenerateJLIClassesHelper.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/GenerateJLIClassesHelper.java
index c8d910e7456..53a70243f63 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/GenerateJLIClassesHelper.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/GenerateJLIClassesHelper.java
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 import java.lang.constant.ClassDesc;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.Set;
@@ -504,24 +505,43 @@ static byte[] generateDirectMethodHandleHolderClassBytes(String className,
             forms.add(form);
             names.add(form.kind.defaultLambdaName);
         }
-        for (Wrapper wrapper : Wrapper.values()) {
-            int ftype = wrapper == Wrapper.VOID ? DirectMethodHandle.FT_CHECKED_REF : DirectMethodHandle.ftypeKind(wrapper.primitiveType());
-            for (byte b = DirectMethodHandle.AF_GETFIELD; b < DirectMethodHandle.AF_LIMIT; b++) {
-                LambdaForm form = DirectMethodHandle
-                        .makePreparedFieldLambdaForm(b, /*isVolatile*/false, ftype);
-                if (form.kind == GENERIC)
-                    throw new InternalError(b + " non-volatile " + ftype);
-                forms.add(form);
-                names.add(form.kind.defaultLambdaName);
-                // volatile
-                form = DirectMethodHandle
-                        .makePreparedFieldLambdaForm(b, /*isVolatile*/true, ftype);
-                if (form.kind == GENERIC)
-                    throw new InternalError(b + " volatile " + ftype);
-                forms.add(form);
-                names.add(form.kind.defaultLambdaName);
+        record FieldLfToken(byte formOp, int ftypeKind) {}
+        List<FieldLfToken> tokens = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (int i = 0; i <= DirectMethodHandle.FT_CHECKED_REF; i++) {
+            for (byte formOp = DirectMethodHandle.AF_GETFIELD; formOp < DirectMethodHandle.AF_LIMIT; formOp++) {
+                tokens.add(new FieldLfToken(formOp, i));
             }
         }
+        for (int i : new int[] {DirectMethodHandle.FT_UNCHECKED_NR_REF, DirectMethodHandle.FT_CHECKED_NR_REF}) {
+            for (byte formOp = DirectMethodHandle.AF_GETFIELD; formOp < DirectMethodHandle.AF_LIMIT; formOp++) {
+                boolean isGetter = (formOp & 1) == (DirectMethodHandle.AF_GETFIELD & 1);
+                if (!isGetter) {
+                    tokens.add(new FieldLfToken(formOp, i));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        // Only legal flat combinations; no static
+        tokens.add(new FieldLfToken(DirectMethodHandle.AF_GETFIELD, DirectMethodHandle.FT_NULLABLE_FLAT));
+        tokens.add(new FieldLfToken(DirectMethodHandle.AF_PUTFIELD, DirectMethodHandle.FT_NULLABLE_FLAT));
+        tokens.add(new FieldLfToken(DirectMethodHandle.AF_PUTFIELD, DirectMethodHandle.FT_NR_FLAT));
+        // Compile
+        for (var token : tokens) {
+            byte b = token.formOp;
+            int ftype = token.ftypeKind;
+            LambdaForm form = DirectMethodHandle
+                    .makePreparedFieldLambdaForm(b, /*isVolatile*/false, ftype);
+            if (form.kind == GENERIC)
+                throw new InternalError(b + " non-volatile " + ftype);
+            forms.add(form);
+            names.add(form.kind.defaultLambdaName);
+            // volatile
+            form = DirectMethodHandle
+                    .makePreparedFieldLambdaForm(b, /*isVolatile*/true, ftype);
+            if (form.kind == GENERIC)
+                throw new InternalError(b + " volatile " + ftype);
+            forms.add(form);
+            names.add(form.kind.defaultLambdaName);
+        }
         return generateCodeBytesForLFs(className,
                 names.toArray(new String[0]),
                 forms.toArray(new LambdaForm[0]));
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/InnerClassLambdaMetafactory.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/InnerClassLambdaMetafactory.java
index d5cfc6f11a2..5d65be3976e 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/InnerClassLambdaMetafactory.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/InnerClassLambdaMetafactory.java
@@ -312,6 +312,8 @@ private Class<?> generateInnerClass() throws LambdaConversionException {
             public void accept(ClassBuilder clb) {
                 clb.withFlags(ACC_SUPER | ACC_FINAL | ACC_SYNTHETIC)
                    .withInterfaceSymbols(interfaces);
+                // All Classes in the BSM argument method types are loaded; no need for LoadableDescriptors
+
                 // Generate final fields to be filled in by constructor
                 for (int i = 0; i < argDescs.length; i++) {
                     clb.withField(argName(i), argDescs[i], ACC_PRIVATE | ACC_FINAL);
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/LambdaForm.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/LambdaForm.java
index f36d3feba9c..39e40904e33 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/LambdaForm.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/LambdaForm.java
@@ -268,10 +268,14 @@ enum Kind {
         DIRECT_NEW_INVOKE_SPECIAL("DMH.newInvokeSpecial", "newInvokeSpecial"),
         DIRECT_INVOKE_INTERFACE("DMH.invokeInterface", "invokeInterface"),
         DIRECT_INVOKE_STATIC_INIT("DMH.invokeStaticInit", "invokeStaticInit"),
+        // Start field forms
+        // IJFDL, instance/static differ in method type, can share form
+        // init form only applicable to static
         FIELD_ACCESS("fieldAccess"),
         FIELD_ACCESS_INIT("fieldAccessInit"),
         VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS("volatileFieldAccess"),
         VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_INIT("volatileFieldAccessInit"),
+        // BCSZ need own forms to avoid clashing with basic type I, +-init/volatile
         FIELD_ACCESS_B("fieldAccessB"),
         FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_B("fieldAccessInitB"),
         VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_B("volatileFieldAccessB"),
@@ -288,10 +292,30 @@ enum Kind {
         FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_Z("fieldAccessInitZ"),
         VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_Z("volatileFieldAccessZ"),
         VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_Z("volatileFieldAccessInitZ"),
+        // cast, nr, flat need their own forms to avoid clashing with L
         FIELD_ACCESS_CAST("fieldAccessCast"),
         FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_CAST("fieldAccessInitCast"),
         VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_CAST("volatileFieldAccessCast"),
         VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_CAST("volatileFieldAccessInitCast"),
+        // null-check and put reference, +-cast, +-init/volatile
+        // non-cast forms serve bytecode emulation purpose, which always enforces null checks
+        PUT_NULL_RESTRICTED_REFERENCE("putNullRestrictedReference"),
+        PUT_NULL_RESTRICTED_REFERENCE_INIT("putNullRestrictedReferenceInit"),
+        VOLATILE_PUT_NULL_RESTRICTED_REFERENCE("volatilePutNullRestrictedReference"),
+        VOLATILE_PUT_NULL_RESTRICTED_REFERENCE_INIT("volatilePutNullRestrictedReferenceInit"),
+        PUT_NULL_RESTRICTED_REFERENCE_CAST("putNullRestrictedReferenceCast"),
+        PUT_NULL_RESTRICTED_REFERENCE_CAST_INIT("putNullRestrictedReferenceInitCast"),
+        VOLATILE_PUT_NULL_RESTRICTED_REFERENCE_CAST("volatilePutNullRestrictedReferenceCast"),
+        VOLATILE_PUT_NULL_RESTRICTED_REFERENCE_CAST_INIT("volatilePutNullRestrictedReferenceCastInit"),
+        // flat implies cast, +-init/volatile
+        FIELD_ACCESS_FLAT("fieldAccessFlat"),
+        FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_FLAT("fieldAccessInitFlat"),
+        VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_FLAT("volatileFieldAccessFlat"),
+        VOLATILE_FIELD_ACCESS_INIT_FLAT("volatileFieldAccessInitFlat"),
+        // write guard NR flat, implies cast; +-volatile; no init forms - no flat in static fields yet
+        PUT_NULL_RESTRICTED_FLAT_VALUE("putNullRestrictedFlatValue"),
+        VOLATILE_PUT_NULL_RESTRICTED_FLAT_VALUE("volatilePutNullRestrictedFlatValue"),
+        // End fields
         TRY_FINALLY("tryFinally"),
         TABLE_SWITCH("tableSwitch"),
         COLLECTOR("collector"),
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/LazyInitializingVarHandle.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/LazyInitializingVarHandle.java
index ce992a2cd10..88f5332654f 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/LazyInitializingVarHandle.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/LazyInitializingVarHandle.java
@@ -1,38 +1,37 @@
 /*
- *  Copyright (c) 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- *  DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
- *  This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- *  under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
- *  published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
- *  particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
- *  by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
  *
- *  This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- *  ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- *  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- *  version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
- *  accompanied this code).
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
  *
- *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
- *  2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- *  Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *
- *   Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
- *  or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
- *  questions.
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
  */
 
 package java.lang.invoke;
 
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.DontInline;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.ForceInline;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.Stable;
 
 import java.util.Optional;
 
 import static java.lang.invoke.MethodHandleStatics.UNSAFE;
-import static java.lang.invoke.MethodHandleStatics.uncaughtException;
 
 /**
  * A lazy initializing var handle. It lazily initializes the referenced class before
@@ -41,17 +40,14 @@
  */
 final class LazyInitializingVarHandle extends VarHandle {
 
-    // Implementation notes:
-    // We put a barrier on both target() (for VH form impl direct invocation)
-    // and on getMethodHandle() (for indirect VH invocation, toMethodHandle)
-    private final VarHandle target;
-    private final Class<?> refc;
-    private @Stable boolean initialized;
+    private final VarHandles.StaticFieldVarHandle target;
+    private final boolean strictInit;
+    private @Stable boolean fullyInitialized;
 
-    LazyInitializingVarHandle(VarHandle target, Class<?> refc) {
+    LazyInitializingVarHandle(VarHandles.StaticFieldVarHandle target, boolean strictInit) {
         super(target.vform, target.exact);
         this.target = target;
-        this.refc = refc;
+        this.strictInit = strictInit;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -61,76 +57,52 @@ MethodType accessModeTypeUncached(AccessType at) {
 
     @Override
     @ForceInline
-    VarHandle asDirect() {
+    VarHandle onStaticFieldAccess(boolean reading) {
+        if (!fullyInitialized) {
+            initialize(reading);
+        }
         return target;
     }
 
-    @Override
-    @ForceInline
-    VarHandle target() {
-        ensureInitialized();
-        return target;
+    @DontInline
+    private void initialize(boolean reading) {
+        var declaringClass = target.declaringClass;
+        UNSAFE.ensureClassInitialized(declaringClass);
+        boolean fullyInitialized = !UNSAFE.shouldBeInitialized(declaringClass);
+        if (fullyInitialized) {
+            this.fullyInitialized = true;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Not fully initialized - strict static checking
+        if (strictInit) {
+            long offset = target.fieldOffset;
+            // We only check for reading for CAS because they always access
+            // reads first. We don't need the extra write check for CAS because
+            // that check is only to avoid double writing final fields, and we
+            // never allow creating VarHandle that CAS on final fields.
+            UNSAFE.notifyStrictStaticAccess(declaringClass, offset, !reading);
+        }
     }
 
     @Override
     public VarHandle withInvokeExactBehavior() {
-        if (!initialized && hasInvokeExactBehavior())
+        if (!fullyInitialized && hasInvokeExactBehavior())
             return this;
         var exactTarget = target.withInvokeExactBehavior();
-        return initialized ? exactTarget : new LazyInitializingVarHandle(exactTarget, refc);
+        return fullyInitialized ? exactTarget : new LazyInitializingVarHandle(exactTarget, strictInit);
     }
 
     @Override
     public VarHandle withInvokeBehavior() {
-        if (!initialized && !hasInvokeExactBehavior())
+        if (!fullyInitialized && !hasInvokeExactBehavior())
             return this;
         var nonExactTarget = target.withInvokeBehavior();
-        return initialized ? nonExactTarget : new LazyInitializingVarHandle(nonExactTarget, refc);
+        return fullyInitialized ? nonExactTarget : new LazyInitializingVarHandle(nonExactTarget, strictInit);
     }
 
     @Override
     public Optional<VarHandleDesc> describeConstable() {
         return target.describeConstable();
     }
-
-    @Override
-    public MethodHandle getMethodHandleUncached(int accessMode) {
-        var mh = target.getMethodHandle(accessMode);
-        if (this.initialized)
-            return mh;
-
-        return MethodHandles.collectArguments(mh, 0, ensureInitializedMh()).bindTo(this);
-    }
-
-    @ForceInline
-    private void ensureInitialized() {
-        if (this.initialized)
-            return;
-
-        initialize();
-    }
-
-    private void initialize() {
-        UNSAFE.ensureClassInitialized(refc);
-        this.initialized = true;
-
-        this.methodHandleTable = target.methodHandleTable;
-    }
-
-    private static @Stable MethodHandle MH_ensureInitialized;
-
-    private static MethodHandle ensureInitializedMh() {
-        var mh = MH_ensureInitialized;
-        if (mh != null)
-            return mh;
-
-        try {
-            return MH_ensureInitialized = MethodHandles.lookup().findVirtual(
-                    LazyInitializingVarHandle.class,
-                    "ensureInitialized",
-                    MethodType.methodType(void.class));
-        } catch (Throwable ex) {
-            throw uncaughtException(ex);
-        }
-    }
 }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/MemberName.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/MemberName.java
index d320ad11ade..3ced948b959 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/MemberName.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/MemberName.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,8 +25,10 @@
 
 package java.lang.invoke;
 
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
 import sun.invoke.util.VerifyAccess;
 
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
 import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
 import java.lang.reflect.Member;
@@ -388,6 +390,10 @@ public boolean isProtected() {
     /** Utility method to query the modifier flags of this member. */
     public boolean isFinal() {
         return Modifier.isFinal(flags);
+    }
+     /** Utility method to query the ACC_STRICT_INIT flag of this member. */
+    public boolean isStrictInit() {
+        return (flags & ClassFile.ACC_STRICT_INIT) != 0;
     }
     /** Utility method to query whether this member or its defining class is final. */
     public boolean canBeStaticallyBound() {
@@ -427,6 +433,17 @@ public boolean isSynthetic() {
         return allFlagsSet(SYNTHETIC);
     }
 
+    /** Query whether this member is a flat field */
+    public boolean isFlat() { return getLayout() != Unsafe.NON_FLAT_LAYOUT; }
+
+    /** Query whether this member is a null-restricted field */
+    public boolean isNullRestricted() { return (flags & MN_NULL_RESTRICTED) == MN_NULL_RESTRICTED; }
+
+    /**
+     * VM-internal layout code for this field, 0 if this field is not flat.
+     */
+    public int getLayout() { return (flags >>> MN_LAYOUT_SHIFT) & MN_LAYOUT_MASK; }
+
     static final String CONSTRUCTOR_NAME = "<init>";
 
     // modifiers exported by the JVM:
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/MethodHandleNatives.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/MethodHandleNatives.java
index 0db7a6a8ddb..70c46f316a3 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/MethodHandleNatives.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/MethodHandleNatives.java
@@ -85,15 +85,18 @@ static class Constants {
         Constants() { } // static only
 
         static final int
-            MN_IS_METHOD           = 0x00010000, // method (not constructor)
-            MN_IS_CONSTRUCTOR      = 0x00020000, // constructor
-            MN_IS_FIELD            = 0x00040000, // field
-            MN_IS_TYPE             = 0x00080000, // nested type
-            MN_CALLER_SENSITIVE    = 0x00100000, // @CallerSensitive annotation detected
-            MN_TRUSTED_FINAL       = 0x00200000, // trusted final field
-            MN_HIDDEN_MEMBER       = 0x00400000, // members defined in a hidden class or with @Hidden
-            MN_REFERENCE_KIND_SHIFT = 24, // refKind
-            MN_REFERENCE_KIND_MASK = 0x0F000000 >> MN_REFERENCE_KIND_SHIFT;
+            MN_IS_METHOD             = 0x00010000, // method (not object constructor)
+            MN_IS_CONSTRUCTOR        = 0x00020000, // object constructor
+            MN_IS_FIELD              = 0x00040000, // field
+            MN_IS_TYPE               = 0x00080000, // nested type
+            MN_CALLER_SENSITIVE      = 0x00100000, // @CallerSensitive annotation detected
+            MN_TRUSTED_FINAL         = 0x00200000, // trusted final field
+            MN_HIDDEN_MEMBER         = 0x00400000, // members defined in a hidden class or with @Hidden
+            MN_NULL_RESTRICTED       = 0x00800000, // null-restricted field
+            MN_REFERENCE_KIND_SHIFT  = 24, // refKind
+            MN_REFERENCE_KIND_MASK   = 0x0F000000 >>> MN_REFERENCE_KIND_SHIFT, // 4 bits
+            MN_LAYOUT_SHIFT          = 28, // field layout
+            MN_LAYOUT_MASK           = 0x70000000 >>> MN_LAYOUT_SHIFT;  // 3 bits
 
         /**
          * Constant pool reference-kind codes, as used by CONSTANT_MethodHandle CP entries.
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/MethodHandles.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/MethodHandles.java
index 7fde9d1dd89..9bb31e61892 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/MethodHandles.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/MethodHandles.java
@@ -3055,6 +3055,12 @@ public VarHandle findVarHandle(Class<?> recv, String name, Class<?> type) throws
          * <p>
          * If the returned method handle is invoked, the field's class will
          * be initialized, if it has not already been initialized.
+         * {@link ExceptionInInitializerError} is thrown if invoking the method handle
+         * provokes the class to be initialized and the initializer fails.
+         * {@link IllegalStateException} is thrown if the field is a {@linkplain
+         * Field#isStrictInit() strictly-initialized} static field and the method handle
+         * is invoked by the thread initializing the field's class before the field has
+         * been initialized.
          * @param refc the class or interface from which the method is accessed
          * @param name the field's name
          * @param type the field's type
@@ -3100,9 +3106,6 @@ public MethodHandle findStaticSetter(Class<?> refc, String name, Class<?> type)
          * Access checking is performed immediately on behalf of the lookup
          * class.
          * <p>
-         * If the returned VarHandle is operated on, the declaring class will be
-         * initialized, if it has not already been initialized.
-         * <p>
          * Certain access modes of the returned VarHandle are unsupported under
          * the following conditions:
          * <ul>
@@ -3128,6 +3131,15 @@ public MethodHandle findStaticSetter(Class<?> refc, String name, Class<?> type)
          * and atomic update access modes compare values using their bitwise
          * representation (see {@link Float#floatToRawIntBits} and
          * {@link Double#doubleToRawLongBits}, respectively).
+         * <p>
+         * If the returned VarHandle is operated on, the declaring class will be
+         * initialized, if it has not already been initialized.
+         * {@link ExceptionInInitializerError} is thrown if operating on the VarHandle
+         * provokes the class to be initialized and the initializer fails.
+         * {@link IllegalStateException} is thrown if the field is a {@linkplain
+         * Field#isStrictInit() strictly-initialized} static field and the VarHandle
+         * is operated on by the thread initializing the field's class to read the
+         * field before it has been initialized.
          * @apiNote
          * Bitwise comparison of {@code float} values or {@code double} values,
          * as performed by the numeric and atomic update access modes, differ
@@ -3390,9 +3402,14 @@ private static boolean constructorInSuperclass(Class<?> decl, Constructor<?> cto
          * If the {@code Field} object's {@code accessible} flag is not set,
          * access checking is performed immediately on behalf of the lookup class.
          * <p>
-         * If the field is static, and
-         * if the returned method handle is invoked, the field's class will
-         * be initialized, if it has not already been initialized.
+         * If the field is static, and if the returned method handle is invoked, the
+         * field's class will be initialized, if it has not already been initialized.
+         * {@link ExceptionInInitializerError} is thrown if invoking the method handle
+         * provokes the class to be initialized and the initializer fails.
+         * {@link IllegalStateException} is thrown if the field is a {@linkplain
+         * Field#isStrictInit() strictly-initialized} static field and the method handle
+         * is invoked by the thread initializing the field's class before the field has
+         * been initialized.
          * @param f the reflected field
          * @return a method handle which can load values from the reflected field
          * @throws IllegalAccessException if access checking fails
@@ -3445,6 +3462,11 @@ private MethodHandle unreflectField(Field f, boolean isSetter) throws IllegalAcc
                                                   : "final field has no write access";
                     throw field.makeAccessException(msg, this);
                 }
+                // strictly-initialized finals not trusted finals at this time
+                if (field.isStrictInit()) {
+                    throw field.makeAccessException("strictly-initialized final field has no write access", this);
+                }
+
                 // check if write access to final field allowed
                 if (!field.isStatic() && isAccessible) {
                     SharedSecrets.getJavaLangReflectAccess().checkAllowedToUnreflectFinalSetter(lookupClass, f);
@@ -3469,10 +3491,6 @@ private MethodHandle unreflectField(Field f, boolean isSetter) throws IllegalAcc
          * class, regardless of the value of the field's {@code accessible}
          * flag.
          * <p>
-         * If the field is static, and if the returned VarHandle is operated
-         * on, the field's declaring class will be initialized, if it has not
-         * already been initialized.
-         * <p>
          * Certain access modes of the returned VarHandle are unsupported under
          * the following conditions:
          * <ul>
@@ -3498,6 +3516,16 @@ private MethodHandle unreflectField(Field f, boolean isSetter) throws IllegalAcc
          * and atomic update access modes compare values using their bitwise
          * representation (see {@link Float#floatToRawIntBits} and
          * {@link Double#doubleToRawLongBits}, respectively).
+         * <p>
+         * If the field is static, and if the returned VarHandle is operated
+         * on, the field's declaring class will be initialized, if it has not
+         * already been initialized.
+         * {@link ExceptionInInitializerError} is thrown if operating on the VarHandle
+         * provokes the class to be initialized and the initializer fails.
+         * {@link IllegalStateException} is thrown if the field is a {@linkplain
+         * Field#isStrictInit() strictly-initialized} static field and the VarHandle
+         * is operated on by the thread initializing the field's class to read the
+         * field before it has been initialized.
          * @apiNote
          * Bitwise comparison of {@code float} values or {@code double} values,
          * as performed by the numeric and atomic update access modes, differ
@@ -3961,7 +3989,7 @@ private VarHandle getFieldVarHandleCommon(byte getRefKind, byte putRefKind,
                 refc = lookupClass();
             }
             return VarHandles.makeFieldHandle(getField, refc,
-                                              this.allowedModes == TRUSTED && !getField.isTrustedFinalField());
+                                              this.allowedModes == TRUSTED);
         }
         /** Check access and get the requested constructor. */
         private MethodHandle getDirectConstructor(Class<?> refc, MemberName ctor) throws IllegalAccessException {
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/VarHandle.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/VarHandle.java
index 0bcb9a660da..be60266e44e 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/VarHandle.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/VarHandle.java
@@ -473,6 +473,7 @@
  */
 public abstract sealed class VarHandle implements Constable
      permits IndirectVarHandle, LazyInitializingVarHandle, SegmentVarHandle,
+             ArrayVarHandle, VarHandles.StaticFieldVarHandle,
              VarHandleByteArrayAsChars.ByteArrayViewVarHandle,
              VarHandleByteArrayAsDoubles.ByteArrayViewVarHandle,
              VarHandleByteArrayAsFloats.ByteArrayViewVarHandle,
@@ -481,31 +482,24 @@ public abstract sealed class VarHandle implements Constable
              VarHandleByteArrayAsShorts.ByteArrayViewVarHandle,
              VarHandleBooleans.Array,
              VarHandleBooleans.FieldInstanceReadOnly,
-             VarHandleBooleans.FieldStaticReadOnly,
              VarHandleBytes.Array,
              VarHandleBytes.FieldInstanceReadOnly,
-             VarHandleBytes.FieldStaticReadOnly,
              VarHandleChars.Array,
              VarHandleChars.FieldInstanceReadOnly,
-             VarHandleChars.FieldStaticReadOnly,
              VarHandleDoubles.Array,
              VarHandleDoubles.FieldInstanceReadOnly,
-             VarHandleDoubles.FieldStaticReadOnly,
              VarHandleFloats.Array,
              VarHandleFloats.FieldInstanceReadOnly,
-             VarHandleFloats.FieldStaticReadOnly,
              VarHandleInts.Array,
              VarHandleInts.FieldInstanceReadOnly,
-             VarHandleInts.FieldStaticReadOnly,
              VarHandleLongs.Array,
              VarHandleLongs.FieldInstanceReadOnly,
-             VarHandleLongs.FieldStaticReadOnly,
-             VarHandleReferences.Array,
              VarHandleReferences.FieldInstanceReadOnly,
-             VarHandleReferences.FieldStaticReadOnly,
              VarHandleShorts.Array,
              VarHandleShorts.FieldInstanceReadOnly,
-             VarHandleShorts.FieldStaticReadOnly {
+             VarHandleFlatValues.FieldInstanceReadOnly,
+             VarHandleNonAtomicReferences.FieldInstanceReadOnly,
+             VarHandleNonAtomicFlatValues.FieldInstanceReadOnly {
     final VarForm vform;
     final boolean exact;
 
@@ -519,17 +513,21 @@ public abstract sealed class VarHandle implements Constable
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the target VarHandle.   Subclasses may override this method to implement
-     * additional logic for example lazily initializing the declaring class of a static field var handle.
+     * A barrier for accessing a target var handle used by static var handle
+     * implementation methods.  This allows initialization barriers and strict
+     * field initialization checks.
+     *
+     * @param reading whether this access performs any read
      */
     @ForceInline
-    VarHandle target() {
-        return asDirect();
+    VarHandle onStaticFieldAccess(boolean reading) {
+        return this;
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the direct target VarHandle.   Indirect VarHandle subclasses should implement
-     * this method.
+     * Returns the direct VarHandle, passed into the method handle that perform
+     * conversions or has the actual implementation when this VarHandle is
+     * indirect.
      *
      * @see #getMethodHandle(int)
      * @see #checkAccessModeThenIsDirect(AccessDescriptor)
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles.java
index 8c3e123f39a..cc2ec7e138b 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@
 package java.lang.invoke;
 
 import jdk.internal.misc.CDS;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
 import sun.invoke.util.Wrapper;
 
 import java.lang.foreign.MemoryLayout;
@@ -46,52 +48,81 @@
 
 final class VarHandles {
 
-    static VarHandle makeFieldHandle(MemberName f, Class<?> refc, boolean isWriteAllowedOnFinalFields) {
+    static VarHandle makeFieldHandle(MemberName f, Class<?> refc, boolean trustedLookup) {
+        // No strict final or trusted final writes: we don't know the lifecycle of such a field.
+        boolean noWriting = f.isFinal() && (!trustedLookup || f.isStrictInit() || f.isTrustedFinalField());
         if (!f.isStatic()) {
             long foffset = MethodHandleNatives.objectFieldOffset(f);
             Class<?> type = f.getFieldType();
             if (!type.isPrimitive()) {
-                return maybeAdapt(f.isFinal() && !isWriteAllowedOnFinalFields
-                       ? new VarHandleReferences.FieldInstanceReadOnly(refc, foffset, type)
-                       : new VarHandleReferences.FieldInstanceReadWrite(refc, foffset, type));
+                if (ValueClass.isConcreteValueClass(type)) {
+                    int layout = f.getLayout();
+                    boolean isAtomic = isAtomicFlat(f);
+                    boolean isFlat = f.isFlat();
+                    if (isFlat) {
+                        if (isAtomic) {
+                            return maybeAdapt(noWriting
+                                    ? new VarHandleFlatValues.FieldInstanceReadOnly(refc, foffset, type, f.isNullRestricted(), layout)
+                                    : new VarHandleFlatValues.FieldInstanceReadWrite(refc, foffset, type, f.isNullRestricted(), layout));
+                        } else {
+                            return maybeAdapt(noWriting
+                                    ? new VarHandleNonAtomicFlatValues.FieldInstanceReadOnly(refc, foffset, type, f.isNullRestricted(), layout)
+                                    : new VarHandleNonAtomicFlatValues.FieldInstanceReadWrite(refc, foffset, type, f.isNullRestricted(), layout));
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        if (isAtomic) {
+                            return maybeAdapt(noWriting
+                                    ? new VarHandleReferences.FieldInstanceReadOnly(refc, foffset, type, f.isNullRestricted())
+                                    : new VarHandleReferences.FieldInstanceReadWrite(refc, foffset, type, f.isNullRestricted()));
+                        } else {
+                            return maybeAdapt(noWriting
+                                    ? new VarHandleNonAtomicReferences.FieldInstanceReadOnly(refc, foffset, type, f.isNullRestricted())
+                                    : new VarHandleNonAtomicReferences.FieldInstanceReadWrite(refc, foffset, type, f.isNullRestricted()));
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    return maybeAdapt(noWriting
+                       ? new VarHandleReferences.FieldInstanceReadOnly(refc, foffset, type, f.isNullRestricted())
+                       : new VarHandleReferences.FieldInstanceReadWrite(refc, foffset, type, f.isNullRestricted()));
+                }
             }
             else if (type == boolean.class) {
-                return maybeAdapt(f.isFinal() && !isWriteAllowedOnFinalFields
+                return maybeAdapt(noWriting
                        ? new VarHandleBooleans.FieldInstanceReadOnly(refc, foffset)
                        : new VarHandleBooleans.FieldInstanceReadWrite(refc, foffset));
             }
             else if (type == byte.class) {
-                return maybeAdapt(f.isFinal() && !isWriteAllowedOnFinalFields
+                return maybeAdapt(noWriting
                        ? new VarHandleBytes.FieldInstanceReadOnly(refc, foffset)
                        : new VarHandleBytes.FieldInstanceReadWrite(refc, foffset));
             }
             else if (type == short.class) {
-                return maybeAdapt(f.isFinal() && !isWriteAllowedOnFinalFields
+                return maybeAdapt(noWriting
                        ? new VarHandleShorts.FieldInstanceReadOnly(refc, foffset)
                        : new VarHandleShorts.FieldInstanceReadWrite(refc, foffset));
             }
             else if (type == char.class) {
-                return maybeAdapt(f.isFinal() && !isWriteAllowedOnFinalFields
+                return maybeAdapt(noWriting
                        ? new VarHandleChars.FieldInstanceReadOnly(refc, foffset)
                        : new VarHandleChars.FieldInstanceReadWrite(refc, foffset));
             }
             else if (type == int.class) {
-                return maybeAdapt(f.isFinal() && !isWriteAllowedOnFinalFields
+                return maybeAdapt(noWriting
                        ? new VarHandleInts.FieldInstanceReadOnly(refc, foffset)
                        : new VarHandleInts.FieldInstanceReadWrite(refc, foffset));
             }
             else if (type == long.class) {
-                return maybeAdapt(f.isFinal() && !isWriteAllowedOnFinalFields
+                return maybeAdapt(noWriting
                        ? new VarHandleLongs.FieldInstanceReadOnly(refc, foffset)
                        : new VarHandleLongs.FieldInstanceReadWrite(refc, foffset));
             }
             else if (type == float.class) {
-                return maybeAdapt(f.isFinal() && !isWriteAllowedOnFinalFields
+                return maybeAdapt(noWriting
                        ? new VarHandleFloats.FieldInstanceReadOnly(refc, foffset)
                        : new VarHandleFloats.FieldInstanceReadWrite(refc, foffset));
             }
             else if (type == double.class) {
-                return maybeAdapt(f.isFinal() && !isWriteAllowedOnFinalFields
+                return maybeAdapt(noWriting
                        ? new VarHandleDoubles.FieldInstanceReadOnly(refc, foffset)
                        : new VarHandleDoubles.FieldInstanceReadWrite(refc, foffset));
             }
@@ -101,67 +132,126 @@ else if (type == double.class) {
         }
         else {
             Class<?> decl = f.getDeclaringClass();
-            var vh = makeStaticFieldVarHandle(decl, f, isWriteAllowedOnFinalFields);
+            var vh = makeStaticFieldVarHandle(decl, f, noWriting);
             return maybeAdapt((UNSAFE.shouldBeInitialized(decl) || CDS.needsClassInitBarrier(decl))
-                    ? new LazyInitializingVarHandle(vh, decl)
+                    ? new LazyInitializingVarHandle(vh, f.isStrictInit())
                     : vh);
         }
     }
 
-    static VarHandle makeStaticFieldVarHandle(Class<?> decl, MemberName f, boolean isWriteAllowedOnFinalFields) {
+    /// A root class for static field var handles. Allows [LazyInitializingVarHandle]
+    /// to access the declaring class and field offsets.
+    sealed static abstract class StaticFieldVarHandle extends VarHandle permits
+            VarHandleBooleans.FieldStaticReadOnly,
+            VarHandleBytes.FieldStaticReadOnly,
+            VarHandleChars.FieldStaticReadOnly,
+            VarHandleShorts.FieldStaticReadOnly,
+            VarHandleInts.FieldStaticReadOnly,
+            VarHandleLongs.FieldStaticReadOnly,
+            VarHandleFloats.FieldStaticReadOnly,
+            VarHandleDoubles.FieldStaticReadOnly,
+            VarHandleReferences.FieldStaticReadOnly,
+            VarHandleNonAtomicReferences.FieldStaticReadOnly {
+        final Class<?> declaringClass;
+        final Object base;
+        final long fieldOffset;
+
+        StaticFieldVarHandle(VarForm vform, boolean exact, Class<?> declaringClass, Object base, long fieldOffset) {
+            this.declaringClass = declaringClass;
+            this.base = base;
+            this.fieldOffset = fieldOffset;
+            super(vform, exact);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public abstract StaticFieldVarHandle withInvokeBehavior();
+
+        @Override
+        public abstract StaticFieldVarHandle withInvokeExactBehavior();
+    }
+
+    static StaticFieldVarHandle makeStaticFieldVarHandle(Class<?> decl, MemberName f, boolean noWriting) {
         Object base = MethodHandleNatives.staticFieldBase(f);
         long foffset = MethodHandleNatives.staticFieldOffset(f);
         Class<?> type = f.getFieldType();
         if (!type.isPrimitive()) {
-            return maybeAdapt(f.isFinal() && !isWriteAllowedOnFinalFields
-                    ? new VarHandleReferences.FieldStaticReadOnly(decl, base, foffset, type)
-                    : new VarHandleReferences.FieldStaticReadWrite(decl, base, foffset, type));
+            assert !f.isFlat() : ("static field is flat in " + decl + "." + f.getName());
+            if (ValueClass.isConcreteValueClass(type)) {
+                if (isAtomicFlat(f)) {
+                    return noWriting
+                            ? new VarHandleReferences.FieldStaticReadOnly(decl, base, foffset, type, f.isNullRestricted())
+                            : new VarHandleReferences.FieldStaticReadWrite(decl, base, foffset, type, f.isNullRestricted());
+                } else {
+                    return noWriting
+                            ? new VarHandleNonAtomicReferences.FieldStaticReadOnly(decl, base, foffset, type, f.isNullRestricted())
+                            : new VarHandleNonAtomicReferences.FieldStaticReadWrite(decl, base, foffset, type, f.isNullRestricted());
+                }
+            } else {
+                return noWriting
+                        ? new VarHandleReferences.FieldStaticReadOnly(decl, base, foffset, type, f.isNullRestricted())
+                        : new VarHandleReferences.FieldStaticReadWrite(decl, base, foffset, type, f.isNullRestricted());
+            }
         }
         else if (type == boolean.class) {
-            return maybeAdapt(f.isFinal() && !isWriteAllowedOnFinalFields
+            return noWriting
                     ? new VarHandleBooleans.FieldStaticReadOnly(decl, base, foffset)
-                    : new VarHandleBooleans.FieldStaticReadWrite(decl, base, foffset));
+                    : new VarHandleBooleans.FieldStaticReadWrite(decl, base, foffset);
         }
         else if (type == byte.class) {
-            return maybeAdapt(f.isFinal() && !isWriteAllowedOnFinalFields
+            return noWriting
                     ? new VarHandleBytes.FieldStaticReadOnly(decl, base, foffset)
-                    : new VarHandleBytes.FieldStaticReadWrite(decl, base, foffset));
+                    : new VarHandleBytes.FieldStaticReadWrite(decl, base, foffset);
         }
         else if (type == short.class) {
-            return maybeAdapt(f.isFinal() && !isWriteAllowedOnFinalFields
+            return noWriting
                     ? new VarHandleShorts.FieldStaticReadOnly(decl, base, foffset)
-                    : new VarHandleShorts.FieldStaticReadWrite(decl, base, foffset));
+                    : new VarHandleShorts.FieldStaticReadWrite(decl, base, foffset);
         }
         else if (type == char.class) {
-            return maybeAdapt(f.isFinal() && !isWriteAllowedOnFinalFields
+            return noWriting
                     ? new VarHandleChars.FieldStaticReadOnly(decl, base, foffset)
-                    : new VarHandleChars.FieldStaticReadWrite(decl, base, foffset));
+                    : new VarHandleChars.FieldStaticReadWrite(decl, base, foffset);
         }
         else if (type == int.class) {
-            return maybeAdapt(f.isFinal() && !isWriteAllowedOnFinalFields
+            return noWriting
                     ? new VarHandleInts.FieldStaticReadOnly(decl, base, foffset)
-                    : new VarHandleInts.FieldStaticReadWrite(decl, base, foffset));
+                    : new VarHandleInts.FieldStaticReadWrite(decl, base, foffset);
         }
         else if (type == long.class) {
-            return maybeAdapt(f.isFinal() && !isWriteAllowedOnFinalFields
+            return noWriting
                     ? new VarHandleLongs.FieldStaticReadOnly(decl, base, foffset)
-                    : new VarHandleLongs.FieldStaticReadWrite(decl, base, foffset));
+                    : new VarHandleLongs.FieldStaticReadWrite(decl, base, foffset);
         }
         else if (type == float.class) {
-            return maybeAdapt(f.isFinal() && !isWriteAllowedOnFinalFields
+            return noWriting
                     ? new VarHandleFloats.FieldStaticReadOnly(decl, base, foffset)
-                    : new VarHandleFloats.FieldStaticReadWrite(decl, base, foffset));
+                    : new VarHandleFloats.FieldStaticReadWrite(decl, base, foffset);
         }
         else if (type == double.class) {
-            return maybeAdapt(f.isFinal() && !isWriteAllowedOnFinalFields
+            return noWriting
                     ? new VarHandleDoubles.FieldStaticReadOnly(decl, base, foffset)
-                    : new VarHandleDoubles.FieldStaticReadWrite(decl, base, foffset));
+                    : new VarHandleDoubles.FieldStaticReadWrite(decl, base, foffset);
         }
         else {
             throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
         }
     }
 
+    static boolean isAtomicFlat(MemberName field) {
+        boolean hasAtomicAccess = (field.getModifiers() & Modifier.VOLATILE) != 0 ||
+                !(field.isNullRestricted()) ||
+                !field.getFieldType().isAnnotationPresent(LooselyConsistentValue.class);
+        return hasAtomicAccess && ValueClass.hasBinaryPayload(field.getFieldType());
+    }
+
+    static boolean isAtomicFlat(Object[] array) {
+        Class<?> componentType = array.getClass().componentType();
+        boolean hasAtomicAccess = ValueClass.isAtomicArray(array) ||
+                !ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(array) ||
+                !componentType.isAnnotationPresent(LooselyConsistentValue.class);
+        return hasAtomicAccess && ValueClass.hasBinaryPayload(componentType);
+    }
+
     // Required by instance field handles
     static Field getFieldFromReceiverAndOffset(Class<?> receiverType,
                                                long offset,
@@ -195,42 +285,48 @@ static Field getStaticFieldFromBaseAndOffset(Class<?> declaringClass,
         throw new InternalError("Static field not found at offset");
     }
 
+    // This is invoked by non-flat array var handle code when attempting to access a flat array
+    public static void checkAtomicFlatArray(Object[] array) {
+        if (!isAtomicFlat(array)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Attempt to perform a non-plain access on a non-atomic array");
+        }
+    }
+
     static VarHandle makeArrayElementHandle(Class<?> arrayClass) {
         if (!arrayClass.isArray())
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("not an array: " + arrayClass);
 
         Class<?> componentType = arrayClass.getComponentType();
-
-        int aoffset = (int) UNSAFE.arrayBaseOffset(arrayClass);
-        int ascale = UNSAFE.arrayIndexScale(arrayClass);
-        int ashift = 31 - Integer.numberOfLeadingZeros(ascale);
-
         if (!componentType.isPrimitive()) {
-            return maybeAdapt(new VarHandleReferences.Array(aoffset, ashift, arrayClass));
+            // Here we always return a reference array element var handle. This is because
+            // the access semantics is determined at runtime, when an actual array object is passed
+            // to the var handle. The var handle implementation will switch to use flat access
+            // primitives if it sees a flat array.
+            return maybeAdapt(new ArrayVarHandle(arrayClass));
         }
         else if (componentType == boolean.class) {
-            return maybeAdapt(new VarHandleBooleans.Array(aoffset, ashift));
+            return maybeAdapt(VarHandleBooleans.Array.NON_EXACT_INSTANCE);
         }
         else if (componentType == byte.class) {
-            return maybeAdapt(new VarHandleBytes.Array(aoffset, ashift));
+            return maybeAdapt(VarHandleBytes.Array.NON_EXACT_INSTANCE);
         }
         else if (componentType == short.class) {
-            return maybeAdapt(new VarHandleShorts.Array(aoffset, ashift));
+            return maybeAdapt(VarHandleShorts.Array.NON_EXACT_INSTANCE);
         }
         else if (componentType == char.class) {
-            return maybeAdapt(new VarHandleChars.Array(aoffset, ashift));
+            return maybeAdapt(VarHandleChars.Array.NON_EXACT_INSTANCE);
         }
         else if (componentType == int.class) {
-            return maybeAdapt(new VarHandleInts.Array(aoffset, ashift));
+            return maybeAdapt(VarHandleInts.Array.NON_EXACT_INSTANCE);
         }
         else if (componentType == long.class) {
-            return maybeAdapt(new VarHandleLongs.Array(aoffset, ashift));
+            return maybeAdapt(VarHandleLongs.Array.NON_EXACT_INSTANCE);
         }
         else if (componentType == float.class) {
-            return maybeAdapt(new VarHandleFloats.Array(aoffset, ashift));
+            return maybeAdapt(VarHandleFloats.Array.NON_EXACT_INSTANCE);
         }
         else if (componentType == double.class) {
-            return maybeAdapt(new VarHandleDoubles.Array(aoffset, ashift));
+            return maybeAdapt(VarHandleDoubles.Array.NON_EXACT_INSTANCE);
         }
         else {
             throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/X-VarHandle.java.template b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/X-VarHandle.java.template
index 4bc9daf8433..7236c351202 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/X-VarHandle.java.template
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/invoke/X-VarHandle.java.template
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -24,10 +24,14 @@
  */
 package java.lang.invoke;
 
+#if[Object]
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+#end[Object]
 import jdk.internal.util.Preconditions;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.ForceInline;
 
 import java.lang.invoke.VarHandle.VarHandleDesc;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.Optional;
 
@@ -35,41 +39,49 @@ import static java.lang.invoke.MethodHandleStatics.UNSAFE;
 
 #warn
 
-final class VarHandle$Type$s {
+final class VarHandle$InputType$s {
 
     static sealed class FieldInstanceReadOnly extends VarHandle {
         final long fieldOffset;
         final Class<?> receiverType;
 #if[Object]
         final Class<?> fieldType;
+        final boolean nullRestricted;
 #end[Object]
+#if[FlatValue]
+        final int layout; // Unsafe.fieldLayout
+#end[FlatValue]
 
-        FieldInstanceReadOnly(Class<?> receiverType, long fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, Class<?> fieldType}) {
-            this(receiverType, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType}, FieldInstanceReadOnly.FORM, false);
+        FieldInstanceReadOnly(Class<?> receiverType, long fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, Class<?> fieldType, boolean nullRestricted}{#if[FlatValue]?, int layout}) {
+            this(receiverType, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType, nullRestricted}{#if[FlatValue]?, layout}, FieldInstanceReadOnly.FORM, false);
         }
 
-        protected FieldInstanceReadOnly(Class<?> receiverType, long fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, Class<?> fieldType},
+        protected FieldInstanceReadOnly(Class<?> receiverType, long fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, Class<?> fieldType, boolean nullRestricted}{#if[FlatValue]?, int layout},
                                         VarForm form, boolean exact) {
-            super(form, exact);
             this.fieldOffset = fieldOffset;
             this.receiverType = receiverType;
 #if[Object]
             this.fieldType = fieldType;
+            this.nullRestricted = nullRestricted;
 #end[Object]
+#if[FlatValue]
+            this.layout = layout;
+#end[FlatValue]
+            super(form, exact);
         }
 
         @Override
         public FieldInstanceReadOnly withInvokeExactBehavior() {
             return hasInvokeExactBehavior()
                 ? this
-                : new FieldInstanceReadOnly(receiverType, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType}, vform, true);
+                : new FieldInstanceReadOnly(receiverType, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType, nullRestricted}{#if[FlatValue]?, layout}, vform, true);
         }
 
         @Override
         public FieldInstanceReadOnly withInvokeBehavior() {
             return !hasInvokeExactBehavior()
                 ? this
-                : new FieldInstanceReadOnly(receiverType, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType}, vform, false);
+                : new FieldInstanceReadOnly(receiverType, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType, nullRestricted}{#if[FlatValue]?, layout}, vform, false);
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -93,89 +105,104 @@ final class VarHandle$Type$s {
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ get(VarHandle ob, Object holder) {
             FieldInstanceReadOnly handle = (FieldInstanceReadOnly)ob;
-            return UNSAFE.get$Type$(Objects.requireNonNull(handle.receiverType.cast(holder)),
-                                 handle.fieldOffset);
+            $type$ value = UNSAFE.get$Type$(Objects.requireNonNull(handle.receiverType.cast(holder)),
+                                 handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout, handle.fieldType});
+            return value;
         }
 
+#if[NonPlainAccess]
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getVolatile(VarHandle ob, Object holder) {
             FieldInstanceReadOnly handle = (FieldInstanceReadOnly)ob;
-            return UNSAFE.get$Type$Volatile(Objects.requireNonNull(handle.receiverType.cast(holder)),
-                                 handle.fieldOffset);
+            $type$ value = UNSAFE.get$Type$Volatile(Objects.requireNonNull(handle.receiverType.cast(holder)),
+                                 handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout, handle.fieldType});
+            return value;
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getOpaque(VarHandle ob, Object holder) {
             FieldInstanceReadOnly handle = (FieldInstanceReadOnly)ob;
-            return UNSAFE.get$Type$Opaque(Objects.requireNonNull(handle.receiverType.cast(holder)),
-                                 handle.fieldOffset);
+            $type$ value = UNSAFE.get$Type$Opaque(Objects.requireNonNull(handle.receiverType.cast(holder)),
+                                 handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout, handle.fieldType});
+            return value;
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAcquire(VarHandle ob, Object holder) {
             FieldInstanceReadOnly handle = (FieldInstanceReadOnly)ob;
-            return UNSAFE.get$Type$Acquire(Objects.requireNonNull(handle.receiverType.cast(holder)),
-                                 handle.fieldOffset);
+            $type$ value = UNSAFE.get$Type$Acquire(Objects.requireNonNull(handle.receiverType.cast(holder)),
+                                 handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout, handle.fieldType});
+            return value;
         }
+#end[NonPlainAccess]
 
         static final VarForm FORM = new VarForm(FieldInstanceReadOnly.class, Object.class, $type$.class);
     }
 
     static final class FieldInstanceReadWrite extends FieldInstanceReadOnly {
-
-        FieldInstanceReadWrite(Class<?> receiverType, long fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, Class<?> fieldType}) {
-            this(receiverType, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType}, false);
+        FieldInstanceReadWrite(Class<?> receiverType, long fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, Class<?> fieldType, boolean nullRestricted}{#if[FlatValue]?, int layout}) {
+            this(receiverType, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType, nullRestricted}{#if[FlatValue]?, layout}, false);
         }
 
-        private FieldInstanceReadWrite(Class<?> receiverType, long fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, Class<?> fieldType},
+        private FieldInstanceReadWrite(Class<?> receiverType, long fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, Class<?> fieldType, boolean nullRestricted}{#if[FlatValue]?, int layout},
                                        boolean exact) {
-            super(receiverType, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType}, FieldInstanceReadWrite.FORM, exact);
+            super(receiverType, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType, nullRestricted}{#if[FlatValue]?, layout}, FieldInstanceReadWrite.FORM, exact);
         }
 
         @Override
         public FieldInstanceReadWrite withInvokeExactBehavior() {
             return hasInvokeExactBehavior()
                 ? this
-                : new FieldInstanceReadWrite(receiverType, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType}, true);
+                : new FieldInstanceReadWrite(receiverType, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType, nullRestricted}{#if[FlatValue]?, layout}, true);
         }
 
         @Override
         public FieldInstanceReadWrite withInvokeBehavior() {
             return !hasInvokeExactBehavior()
                 ? this
-                : new FieldInstanceReadWrite(receiverType, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType}, false);
+                : new FieldInstanceReadWrite(receiverType, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType, nullRestricted}{#if[FlatValue]?, layout}, false);
         }
 
+#if[Object]
+        @ForceInline
+        static Object checkCast(FieldInstanceReadWrite handle, $type$ value) {
+            if (value == null && handle.nullRestricted)
+                throw new NullPointerException();
+            return handle.fieldType.cast(value);
+        }
+#end[Object]
+
         @ForceInline
         static void set(VarHandle ob, Object holder, $type$ value) {
             FieldInstanceReadWrite handle = (FieldInstanceReadWrite)ob;
             UNSAFE.put$Type$(Objects.requireNonNull(handle.receiverType.cast(holder)),
-                             handle.fieldOffset,
-                             {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                             handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout, handle.fieldType},
+                             {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
+#if[NonPlainAccess]
         @ForceInline
         static void setVolatile(VarHandle ob, Object holder, $type$ value) {
             FieldInstanceReadWrite handle = (FieldInstanceReadWrite)ob;
             UNSAFE.put$Type$Volatile(Objects.requireNonNull(handle.receiverType.cast(holder)),
-                                     handle.fieldOffset,
-                                     {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                     handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout, handle.fieldType},
+                                     {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static void setOpaque(VarHandle ob, Object holder, $type$ value) {
             FieldInstanceReadWrite handle = (FieldInstanceReadWrite)ob;
             UNSAFE.put$Type$Opaque(Objects.requireNonNull(handle.receiverType.cast(holder)),
-                                   handle.fieldOffset,
-                                   {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                   handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout, handle.fieldType},
+                                   {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static void setRelease(VarHandle ob, Object holder, $type$ value) {
             FieldInstanceReadWrite handle = (FieldInstanceReadWrite)ob;
             UNSAFE.put$Type$Release(Objects.requireNonNull(handle.receiverType.cast(holder)),
-                                    handle.fieldOffset,
-                                    {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                    handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout, handle.fieldType},
+                                    {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 #if[CAS]
 
@@ -183,96 +210,96 @@ final class VarHandle$Type$s {
         static boolean compareAndSet(VarHandle ob, Object holder, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
             FieldInstanceReadWrite handle = (FieldInstanceReadWrite)ob;
             return UNSAFE.compareAndSet$Type$(Objects.requireNonNull(handle.receiverType.cast(holder)),
-                                               handle.fieldOffset,
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(expected):expected},
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                               handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout}{#if[Object]?, handle.fieldType},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, expected):expected},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ compareAndExchange(VarHandle ob, Object holder, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
             FieldInstanceReadWrite handle = (FieldInstanceReadWrite)ob;
             return UNSAFE.compareAndExchange$Type$(Objects.requireNonNull(handle.receiverType.cast(holder)),
-                                               handle.fieldOffset,
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(expected):expected},
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                               handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout}{#if[Object]?, handle.fieldType},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, expected):expected},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ compareAndExchangeAcquire(VarHandle ob, Object holder, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
             FieldInstanceReadWrite handle = (FieldInstanceReadWrite)ob;
             return UNSAFE.compareAndExchange$Type$Acquire(Objects.requireNonNull(handle.receiverType.cast(holder)),
-                                               handle.fieldOffset,
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(expected):expected},
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                               handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout}{#if[Object]?, handle.fieldType},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, expected):expected},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ compareAndExchangeRelease(VarHandle ob, Object holder, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
             FieldInstanceReadWrite handle = (FieldInstanceReadWrite)ob;
             return UNSAFE.compareAndExchange$Type$Release(Objects.requireNonNull(handle.receiverType.cast(holder)),
-                                               handle.fieldOffset,
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(expected):expected},
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                               handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout}{#if[Object]?, handle.fieldType},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, expected):expected},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static boolean weakCompareAndSetPlain(VarHandle ob, Object holder, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
             FieldInstanceReadWrite handle = (FieldInstanceReadWrite)ob;
             return UNSAFE.weakCompareAndSet$Type$Plain(Objects.requireNonNull(handle.receiverType.cast(holder)),
-                                               handle.fieldOffset,
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(expected):expected},
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                               handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout}{#if[Object]?, handle.fieldType},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, expected):expected},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static boolean weakCompareAndSet(VarHandle ob, Object holder, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
             FieldInstanceReadWrite handle = (FieldInstanceReadWrite)ob;
             return UNSAFE.weakCompareAndSet$Type$(Objects.requireNonNull(handle.receiverType.cast(holder)),
-                                               handle.fieldOffset,
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(expected):expected},
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                               handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout}{#if[Object]?, handle.fieldType},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, expected):expected},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static boolean weakCompareAndSetAcquire(VarHandle ob, Object holder, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
             FieldInstanceReadWrite handle = (FieldInstanceReadWrite)ob;
             return UNSAFE.weakCompareAndSet$Type$Acquire(Objects.requireNonNull(handle.receiverType.cast(holder)),
-                                               handle.fieldOffset,
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(expected):expected},
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                               handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout}{#if[Object]?, handle.fieldType},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, expected):expected},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static boolean weakCompareAndSetRelease(VarHandle ob, Object holder, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
             FieldInstanceReadWrite handle = (FieldInstanceReadWrite)ob;
             return UNSAFE.weakCompareAndSet$Type$Release(Objects.requireNonNull(handle.receiverType.cast(holder)),
-                                               handle.fieldOffset,
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(expected):expected},
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                               handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout}{#if[Object]?, handle.fieldType},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, expected):expected},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndSet(VarHandle ob, Object holder, $type$ value) {
             FieldInstanceReadWrite handle = (FieldInstanceReadWrite)ob;
             return UNSAFE.getAndSet$Type$(Objects.requireNonNull(handle.receiverType.cast(holder)),
-                                          handle.fieldOffset,
-                                          {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                          handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout}{#if[Object]?, handle.fieldType},
+                                          {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndSetAcquire(VarHandle ob, Object holder, $type$ value) {
             FieldInstanceReadWrite handle = (FieldInstanceReadWrite)ob;
             return UNSAFE.getAndSet$Type$Acquire(Objects.requireNonNull(handle.receiverType.cast(holder)),
-                                          handle.fieldOffset,
-                                          {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                          handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout}{#if[Object]?, handle.fieldType},
+                                          {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndSetRelease(VarHandle ob, Object holder, $type$ value) {
             FieldInstanceReadWrite handle = (FieldInstanceReadWrite)ob;
             return UNSAFE.getAndSet$Type$Release(Objects.requireNonNull(handle.receiverType.cast(holder)),
-                                          handle.fieldOffset,
-                                          {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                          handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout}{#if[Object]?, handle.fieldType},
+                                          {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 #end[CAS]
 #if[AtomicAdd]
@@ -376,46 +403,49 @@ final class VarHandle$Type$s {
                                        value);
         }
 #end[Bitwise]
+#end[NonPlainAccess]
 
         static final VarForm FORM = new VarForm(FieldInstanceReadWrite.class, Object.class, $type$.class);
     }
 
-
-    static sealed class FieldStaticReadOnly extends VarHandle {
-        final Class<?> declaringClass;
-        final Object base;
-        final long fieldOffset;
+#if[Static]
+    static sealed class FieldStaticReadOnly extends VarHandles.StaticFieldVarHandle {
 #if[Object]
         final Class<?> fieldType;
+        final boolean nullRestricted;
 #end[Object]
+#if[FlatValue]
+        final int layout;
+#end[FlatValue]
 
-        FieldStaticReadOnly(Class<?> declaringClass, Object base, long fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, Class<?> fieldType}) {
-            this(declaringClass, base, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType}, FieldStaticReadOnly.FORM, false);
+        FieldStaticReadOnly(Class<?> declaringClass, Object base, long fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, Class<?> fieldType, boolean nullRestricted}{#if[FlatValue]?, int layout}) {
+            this(declaringClass, base, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType, nullRestricted}{#if[FlatValue]?, layout}, FieldStaticReadOnly.FORM, false);
         }
 
-        protected FieldStaticReadOnly(Class<?> declaringClass, Object base, long fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, Class<?> fieldType},
+        protected FieldStaticReadOnly(Class<?> declaringClass, Object base, long fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, Class<?> fieldType, boolean nullRestricted}{#if[FlatValue]?, int layout},
                                       VarForm form, boolean exact) {
-            super(form, exact);
-            this.declaringClass = declaringClass;
-            this.base = base;
-            this.fieldOffset = fieldOffset;
 #if[Object]
             this.fieldType = fieldType;
+            this.nullRestricted = nullRestricted;
 #end[Object]
+#if[FlatValue]
+            this.layout = layout;
+#end[FlatValue]
+            super(form, exact, declaringClass, base, fieldOffset);
         }
 
         @Override
         public FieldStaticReadOnly withInvokeExactBehavior() {
             return hasInvokeExactBehavior()
                 ? this
-                : new FieldStaticReadOnly(declaringClass, base, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType}, vform, true);
+                : new FieldStaticReadOnly(declaringClass, base, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType, nullRestricted}{#if[FlatValue]?, layout}, vform, true);
         }
 
         @Override
         public FieldStaticReadOnly withInvokeBehavior() {
             return !hasInvokeExactBehavior()
                 ? this
-                : new FieldStaticReadOnly(declaringClass, base, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType}, vform, false);
+                : new FieldStaticReadOnly(declaringClass, base, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType, nullRestricted}{#if[FlatValue]?, layout}, vform, false);
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -440,195 +470,209 @@ final class VarHandle$Type$s {
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ get(VarHandle ob) {
-            FieldStaticReadOnly handle = (FieldStaticReadOnly) ob.target();
-            return UNSAFE.get$Type$(handle.base,
-                                 handle.fieldOffset);
+            FieldStaticReadOnly handle = (FieldStaticReadOnly) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
+            $type$ value = UNSAFE.get$Type$(handle.base,
+                                 handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout, handle.fieldType});
+            return value;
         }
 
+#if[NonPlainAccess]
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getVolatile(VarHandle ob) {
-            FieldStaticReadOnly handle = (FieldStaticReadOnly) ob.target();
-            return UNSAFE.get$Type$Volatile(handle.base,
-                                 handle.fieldOffset);
+            FieldStaticReadOnly handle = (FieldStaticReadOnly) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
+            $type$ value = UNSAFE.get$Type$Volatile(handle.base,
+                                 handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout, handle.fieldType});
+            return value;
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getOpaque(VarHandle ob) {
-            FieldStaticReadOnly handle = (FieldStaticReadOnly) ob.target();
-            return UNSAFE.get$Type$Opaque(handle.base,
-                                 handle.fieldOffset);
+            FieldStaticReadOnly handle = (FieldStaticReadOnly) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
+            $type$ value = UNSAFE.get$Type$Opaque(handle.base,
+                                 handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout, handle.fieldType});
+            return value;
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAcquire(VarHandle ob) {
-            FieldStaticReadOnly handle = (FieldStaticReadOnly) ob.target();
-            return UNSAFE.get$Type$Acquire(handle.base,
-                                 handle.fieldOffset);
+            FieldStaticReadOnly handle = (FieldStaticReadOnly) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
+            $type$ value = UNSAFE.get$Type$Acquire(handle.base,
+                                 handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout, handle.fieldType});
+            return value;
         }
+#end[NonPlainAccess]
 
         static final VarForm FORM = new VarForm(FieldStaticReadOnly.class, null, $type$.class);
     }
 
     static final class FieldStaticReadWrite extends FieldStaticReadOnly {
 
-        FieldStaticReadWrite(Class<?> declaringClass, Object base, long fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, Class<?> fieldType}) {
-            this(declaringClass, base, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType}, false);
+        FieldStaticReadWrite(Class<?> declaringClass, Object base, long fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, Class<?> fieldType, boolean nullRestricted}{#if[FlatValue]?, int layout}) {
+            this(declaringClass, base, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType, nullRestricted}{#if[FlatValue]?, layout}, false);
         }
 
-        private FieldStaticReadWrite(Class<?> declaringClass, Object base, long fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, Class<?> fieldType},
+        private FieldStaticReadWrite(Class<?> declaringClass, Object base, long fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, Class<?> fieldType, boolean nullRestricted}{#if[FlatValue]?, int layout},
                                      boolean exact) {
-            super(declaringClass, base, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType}, FieldStaticReadWrite.FORM, exact);
+            super(declaringClass, base, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType, nullRestricted}{#if[FlatValue]?, layout}, FieldStaticReadWrite.FORM, exact);
         }
 
         @Override
         public FieldStaticReadWrite withInvokeExactBehavior() {
             return hasInvokeExactBehavior()
                 ? this
-                : new FieldStaticReadWrite(declaringClass, base, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType}, true);
+                : new FieldStaticReadWrite(declaringClass, base, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType, nullRestricted}{#if[FlatValue]?, layout}, true);
         }
 
         @Override
         public FieldStaticReadWrite withInvokeBehavior() {
             return !hasInvokeExactBehavior()
                 ? this
-                : new FieldStaticReadWrite(declaringClass, base, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType}, false);
+                : new FieldStaticReadWrite(declaringClass, base, fieldOffset{#if[Object]?, fieldType, nullRestricted}{#if[FlatValue]?, layout}, false);
         }
 
+#if[Object]
+        @ForceInline
+        static Object checkCast(FieldStaticReadWrite handle, $type$ value) {
+            return handle.fieldType.cast(value);
+        }
+#end[Object]
+
         @ForceInline
         static void set(VarHandle ob, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(false);
             UNSAFE.put$Type$(handle.base,
-                             handle.fieldOffset,
-                             {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                             handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout, handle.fieldType},
+                             {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
+#if[NonPlainAccess]
         @ForceInline
         static void setVolatile(VarHandle ob, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(false);
             UNSAFE.put$Type$Volatile(handle.base,
-                                     handle.fieldOffset,
-                                     {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                     handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout, handle.fieldType},
+                                     {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static void setOpaque(VarHandle ob, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(false);
             UNSAFE.put$Type$Opaque(handle.base,
-                                   handle.fieldOffset,
-                                   {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                   handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout, handle.fieldType},
+                                   {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static void setRelease(VarHandle ob, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(false);
             UNSAFE.put$Type$Release(handle.base,
-                                    handle.fieldOffset,
-                                    {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                    handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout, handle.fieldType},
+                                    {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 #if[CAS]
 
         @ForceInline
         static boolean compareAndSet(VarHandle ob, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
             return UNSAFE.compareAndSet$Type$(handle.base,
-                                               handle.fieldOffset,
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(expected):expected},
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                               handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout}{#if[Object]?, handle.fieldType},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, expected):expected},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ compareAndExchange(VarHandle ob, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
             return UNSAFE.compareAndExchange$Type$(handle.base,
-                                               handle.fieldOffset,
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(expected):expected},
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                               handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout}{#if[Object]?, handle.fieldType},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, expected):expected},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ compareAndExchangeAcquire(VarHandle ob, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
             return UNSAFE.compareAndExchange$Type$Acquire(handle.base,
-                                               handle.fieldOffset,
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(expected):expected},
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                               handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout}{#if[Object]?, handle.fieldType},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, expected):expected},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ compareAndExchangeRelease(VarHandle ob, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
             return UNSAFE.compareAndExchange$Type$Release(handle.base,
-                                               handle.fieldOffset,
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(expected):expected},
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                               handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout}{#if[Object]?, handle.fieldType},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, expected):expected},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static boolean weakCompareAndSetPlain(VarHandle ob, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
             return UNSAFE.weakCompareAndSet$Type$Plain(handle.base,
-                                               handle.fieldOffset,
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(expected):expected},
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                               handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout}{#if[Object]?, handle.fieldType},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, expected):expected},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static boolean weakCompareAndSet(VarHandle ob, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
             return UNSAFE.weakCompareAndSet$Type$(handle.base,
-                                               handle.fieldOffset,
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(expected):expected},
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                               handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout}{#if[Object]?, handle.fieldType},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, expected):expected},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static boolean weakCompareAndSetAcquire(VarHandle ob, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
             return UNSAFE.weakCompareAndSet$Type$Acquire(handle.base,
-                                               handle.fieldOffset,
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(expected):expected},
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                               handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout}{#if[Object]?, handle.fieldType},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, expected):expected},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static boolean weakCompareAndSetRelease(VarHandle ob, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
             return UNSAFE.weakCompareAndSet$Type$Release(handle.base,
-                                               handle.fieldOffset,
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(expected):expected},
-                                               {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                               handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout}{#if[Object]?, handle.fieldType},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, expected):expected},
+                                               {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndSet(VarHandle ob, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
             return UNSAFE.getAndSet$Type$(handle.base,
-                                          handle.fieldOffset,
-                                          {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                          handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout}{#if[Object]?, handle.fieldType},
+                                          {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndSetAcquire(VarHandle ob, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
             return UNSAFE.getAndSet$Type$Acquire(handle.base,
-                                          handle.fieldOffset,
-                                          {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                          handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout}{#if[Object]?, handle.fieldType},
+                                          {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndSetRelease(VarHandle ob, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
             return UNSAFE.getAndSet$Type$Release(handle.base,
-                                          handle.fieldOffset,
-                                          {#if[Object]?handle.fieldType.cast(value):value});
+                                          handle.fieldOffset{#if[FlatValue]?, handle.layout}{#if[Object]?, handle.fieldType},
+                                          {#if[Object]?checkCast(handle, value):value});
         }
 #end[CAS]
 #if[AtomicAdd]
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndAdd(VarHandle ob, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
             return UNSAFE.getAndAdd$Type$(handle.base,
                                        handle.fieldOffset,
                                        value);
@@ -636,7 +680,7 @@ final class VarHandle$Type$s {
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndAddAcquire(VarHandle ob, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
             return UNSAFE.getAndAdd$Type$Acquire(handle.base,
                                        handle.fieldOffset,
                                        value);
@@ -644,7 +688,7 @@ final class VarHandle$Type$s {
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndAddRelease(VarHandle ob, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
             return UNSAFE.getAndAdd$Type$Release(handle.base,
                                        handle.fieldOffset,
                                        value);
@@ -654,7 +698,7 @@ final class VarHandle$Type$s {
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndBitwiseOr(VarHandle ob, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
             return UNSAFE.getAndBitwiseOr$Type$(handle.base,
                                        handle.fieldOffset,
                                        value);
@@ -662,7 +706,7 @@ final class VarHandle$Type$s {
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndBitwiseOrRelease(VarHandle ob, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
             return UNSAFE.getAndBitwiseOr$Type$Release(handle.base,
                                        handle.fieldOffset,
                                        value);
@@ -670,7 +714,7 @@ final class VarHandle$Type$s {
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndBitwiseOrAcquire(VarHandle ob, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
             return UNSAFE.getAndBitwiseOr$Type$Acquire(handle.base,
                                        handle.fieldOffset,
                                        value);
@@ -678,7 +722,7 @@ final class VarHandle$Type$s {
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndBitwiseAnd(VarHandle ob, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
             return UNSAFE.getAndBitwiseAnd$Type$(handle.base,
                                        handle.fieldOffset,
                                        value);
@@ -686,7 +730,7 @@ final class VarHandle$Type$s {
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndBitwiseAndRelease(VarHandle ob, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
             return UNSAFE.getAndBitwiseAnd$Type$Release(handle.base,
                                        handle.fieldOffset,
                                        value);
@@ -694,7 +738,7 @@ final class VarHandle$Type$s {
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndBitwiseAndAcquire(VarHandle ob, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
             return UNSAFE.getAndBitwiseAnd$Type$Acquire(handle.base,
                                        handle.fieldOffset,
                                        value);
@@ -702,7 +746,7 @@ final class VarHandle$Type$s {
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndBitwiseXor(VarHandle ob, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
             return UNSAFE.getAndBitwiseXor$Type$(handle.base,
                                        handle.fieldOffset,
                                        value);
@@ -710,7 +754,7 @@ final class VarHandle$Type$s {
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndBitwiseXorRelease(VarHandle ob, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
             return UNSAFE.getAndBitwiseXor$Type$Release(handle.base,
                                        handle.fieldOffset,
                                        value);
@@ -718,364 +762,229 @@ final class VarHandle$Type$s {
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndBitwiseXorAcquire(VarHandle ob, $type$ value) {
-            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.target();
+            FieldStaticReadWrite handle = (FieldStaticReadWrite) ob.onStaticFieldAccess(true);
             return UNSAFE.getAndBitwiseXor$Type$Acquire(handle.base,
                                        handle.fieldOffset,
                                        value);
         }
 #end[Bitwise]
+#end[NonPlainAccess]
 
         static final VarForm FORM = new VarForm(FieldStaticReadWrite.class, null, $type$.class);
     }
+#end[Static]
 
-
+#if[Array]
     static final class Array extends VarHandle {
-        final int abase;
-        final int ashift;
-#if[Object]
-        final Class<{#if[Object]??:$type$[]}> arrayType;
-        final Class<?> componentType;
-#end[Object]
+        static final long BASE = UNSAFE.arrayBaseOffset($type$[].class);
+        static final int SHIFT = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(UNSAFE.arrayIndexScale($type$[].class));
 
-        Array(int abase, int ashift{#if[Object]?, Class<?> arrayType}) {
-            this(abase, ashift{#if[Object]?, arrayType}, false);
-        }
-
-        private Array(int abase, int ashift{#if[Object]?, Class<?> arrayType}, boolean exact) {
+        private Array(boolean exact) {
             super(Array.FORM, exact);
-            this.abase = abase;
-            this.ashift = ashift;
-#if[Object]
-            this.arrayType = {#if[Object]?arrayType:$type$[].class};
-            this.componentType = arrayType.getComponentType();
-#end[Object]
         }
 
         @Override
         public Array withInvokeExactBehavior() {
             return hasInvokeExactBehavior()
                 ? this
-                : new Array(abase, ashift{#if[Object]?, arrayType}, true);
+                : EXACT_INSTANCE;
         }
 
         @Override
         public Array withInvokeBehavior() {
             return !hasInvokeExactBehavior()
                 ? this
-                : new Array(abase, ashift{#if[Object]?, arrayType}, false);
+                : NON_EXACT_INSTANCE;
         }
 
         @Override
         public Optional<VarHandleDesc> describeConstable() {
-            var arrayTypeRef = {#if[Object]?arrayType:$type$[].class}.describeConstable();
-            if (!arrayTypeRef.isPresent())
-                return Optional.empty();
-
-            return Optional.of(VarHandleDesc.ofArray(arrayTypeRef.get()));
+            return Optional.of(VarHandleDesc.ofArray($type$[].class.describeConstable().orElseThrow()));
         }
 
         @Override
         final MethodType accessModeTypeUncached(AccessType at) {
-            return at.accessModeType({#if[Object]?arrayType:$type$[].class}, {#if[Object]?arrayType.getComponentType():$type$.class}, int.class);
-        }
-
-#if[Object]
-        @ForceInline
-        static Object runtimeTypeCheck(Array handle, Object[] oarray, Object value) {
-            if (handle.arrayType == oarray.getClass()) {
-                // Fast path: static array type same as argument array type
-                return handle.componentType.cast(value);
-            } else {
-                // Slow path: check value against argument array component type
-                return reflectiveTypeCheck(oarray, value);
-            }
-        }
-
-        @ForceInline
-        static Object reflectiveTypeCheck(Object[] oarray, Object value) {
-            try {
-                return oarray.getClass().getComponentType().cast(value);
-            } catch (ClassCastException e) {
-                throw new ArrayStoreException();
-            }
+            return at.accessModeType($type$[].class, $type$.class, int.class);
         }
-#end[Object]
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ get(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
-#if[Object]
-            Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
-#else[Object]
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
-#end[Object]
             return array[index];
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static void set(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
-#if[Object]
-            Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
-#else[Object]
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
-#end[Object]
-            array[index] = {#if[Object]?handle.componentType.cast(value):value};
+            array[index] = value;
         }
 
+#if[NonPlainAccess]
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getVolatile(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
-#if[Object]
-            Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
-#else[Object]
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
-#end[Object]
             return UNSAFE.get$Type$Volatile(array,
-                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase);
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static void setVolatile(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
-#if[Object]
-            Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
-#else[Object]
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
-#end[Object]
             UNSAFE.put$Type$Volatile(array,
-                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
-                    {#if[Object]?runtimeTypeCheck(handle, array, value):value});
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
+                    value);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getOpaque(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
-#if[Object]
-            Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
-#else[Object]
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
-#end[Object]
             return UNSAFE.get$Type$Opaque(array,
-                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase);
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static void setOpaque(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
-#if[Object]
-            Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
-#else[Object]
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
-#end[Object]
             UNSAFE.put$Type$Opaque(array,
-                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
-                    {#if[Object]?runtimeTypeCheck(handle, array, value):value});
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
+                    value);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAcquire(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
-#if[Object]
-            Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
-#else[Object]
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
-#end[Object]
             return UNSAFE.get$Type$Acquire(array,
-                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase);
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static void setRelease(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
-#if[Object]
-            Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
-#else[Object]
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
-#end[Object]
             UNSAFE.put$Type$Release(array,
-                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
-                    {#if[Object]?runtimeTypeCheck(handle, array, value):value});
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
+                    value);
         }
 #if[CAS]
 
         @ForceInline
         static boolean compareAndSet(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
-#if[Object]
-            Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
-#else[Object]
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
-#end[Object]
             return UNSAFE.compareAndSet$Type$(array,
-                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
-                    {#if[Object]?handle.componentType.cast(expected):expected},
-                    {#if[Object]?runtimeTypeCheck(handle, array, value):value});
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
+                    expected,
+                    value);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ compareAndExchange(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
-#if[Object]
-            Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
-#else[Object]
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
-#end[Object]
             return UNSAFE.compareAndExchange$Type$(array,
-                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
-                    {#if[Object]?handle.componentType.cast(expected):expected},
-                    {#if[Object]?runtimeTypeCheck(handle, array, value):value});
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
+                    expected,
+                    value);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ compareAndExchangeAcquire(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
-#if[Object]
-            Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
-#else[Object]
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
-#end[Object]
             return UNSAFE.compareAndExchange$Type$Acquire(array,
-                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
-                    {#if[Object]?handle.componentType.cast(expected):expected},
-                    {#if[Object]?runtimeTypeCheck(handle, array, value):value});
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
+                    expected,
+                    value);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ compareAndExchangeRelease(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
-#if[Object]
-            Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
-#else[Object]
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
-#end[Object]
             return UNSAFE.compareAndExchange$Type$Release(array,
-                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
-                    {#if[Object]?handle.componentType.cast(expected):expected},
-                    {#if[Object]?runtimeTypeCheck(handle, array, value):value});
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
+                    expected,
+                    value);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static boolean weakCompareAndSetPlain(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
-#if[Object]
-            Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
-#else[Object]
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
-#end[Object]
             return UNSAFE.weakCompareAndSet$Type$Plain(array,
-                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
-                    {#if[Object]?handle.componentType.cast(expected):expected},
-                    {#if[Object]?runtimeTypeCheck(handle, array, value):value});
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
+                    expected,
+                    value);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static boolean weakCompareAndSet(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
-#if[Object]
-            Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
-#else[Object]
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
-#end[Object]
             return UNSAFE.weakCompareAndSet$Type$(array,
-                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
-                    {#if[Object]?handle.componentType.cast(expected):expected},
-                    {#if[Object]?runtimeTypeCheck(handle, array, value):value});
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
+                    expected,
+                    value);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static boolean weakCompareAndSetAcquire(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
-#if[Object]
-            Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
-#else[Object]
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
-#end[Object]
             return UNSAFE.weakCompareAndSet$Type$Acquire(array,
-                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
-                    {#if[Object]?handle.componentType.cast(expected):expected},
-                    {#if[Object]?runtimeTypeCheck(handle, array, value):value});
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
+                    expected,
+                    value);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static boolean weakCompareAndSetRelease(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ expected, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
-#if[Object]
-            Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
-#else[Object]
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
-#end[Object]
             return UNSAFE.weakCompareAndSet$Type$Release(array,
-                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
-                    {#if[Object]?handle.componentType.cast(expected):expected},
-                    {#if[Object]?runtimeTypeCheck(handle, array, value):value});
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
+                    expected,
+                    value);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndSet(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
-#if[Object]
-            Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
-#else[Object]
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
-#end[Object]
             return UNSAFE.getAndSet$Type$(array,
-                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
-                    {#if[Object]?runtimeTypeCheck(handle, array, value):value});
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
+                    value);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndSetAcquire(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
-#if[Object]
-            Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
-#else[Object]
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
-#end[Object]
             return UNSAFE.getAndSet$Type$Acquire(array,
-                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
-                    {#if[Object]?runtimeTypeCheck(handle, array, value):value});
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
+                    value);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndSetRelease(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
-#if[Object]
-            Object[] array = (Object[]) handle.arrayType.cast(oarray);
-#else[Object]
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
-#end[Object]
             return UNSAFE.getAndSet$Type$Release(array,
-                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
-                    {#if[Object]?runtimeTypeCheck(handle, array, value):value});
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
+                    value);
         }
 #end[CAS]
 #if[AtomicAdd]
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndAdd(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
             return UNSAFE.getAndAdd$Type$(array,
-                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
                     value);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndAddAcquire(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
             return UNSAFE.getAndAdd$Type$Acquire(array,
-                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
                     value);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndAddRelease(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
             return UNSAFE.getAndAdd$Type$Release(array,
-                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
+                    (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
                     value);
         }
 #end[AtomicAdd]
@@ -1083,86 +992,81 @@ final class VarHandle$Type$s {
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndBitwiseOr(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
             return UNSAFE.getAndBitwiseOr$Type$(array,
-                                       (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
+                                       (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
                                        value);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndBitwiseOrRelease(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
             return UNSAFE.getAndBitwiseOr$Type$Release(array,
-                                       (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
+                                       (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
                                        value);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndBitwiseOrAcquire(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
             return UNSAFE.getAndBitwiseOr$Type$Acquire(array,
-                                       (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
+                                       (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
                                        value);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndBitwiseAnd(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
             return UNSAFE.getAndBitwiseAnd$Type$(array,
-                                       (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
+                                       (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
                                        value);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndBitwiseAndRelease(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
             return UNSAFE.getAndBitwiseAnd$Type$Release(array,
-                                       (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
+                                       (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
                                        value);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndBitwiseAndAcquire(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
             return UNSAFE.getAndBitwiseAnd$Type$Acquire(array,
-                                       (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
+                                       (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
                                        value);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndBitwiseXor(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
             return UNSAFE.getAndBitwiseXor$Type$(array,
-                                       (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
+                                       (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
                                        value);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndBitwiseXorRelease(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
             return UNSAFE.getAndBitwiseXor$Type$Release(array,
-                                       (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
+                                       (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
                                        value);
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         static $type$ getAndBitwiseXorAcquire(VarHandle ob, Object oarray, int index, $type$ value) {
-            Array handle = (Array)ob;
             $type$[] array = ($type$[]) oarray;
             return UNSAFE.getAndBitwiseXor$Type$Acquire(array,
-                                       (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << handle.ashift) + handle.abase,
+                                       (((long) Preconditions.checkIndex(index, array.length, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER)) << SHIFT) + BASE,
                                        value);
         }
 #end[Bitwise]
+#end[NonPlainAccess]
 
-        static final VarForm FORM = new VarForm(Array.class, {#if[Object]?Object[].class:$type$[].class}, {#if[Object]?Object.class:$type$.class}, int.class);
+        static final VarForm FORM = new VarForm(Array.class, $type$[].class, $type$.class, int.class);
+        static final Array NON_EXACT_INSTANCE = new Array(false);
+        static final Array EXACT_INSTANCE = new Array(true);
     }
+#end[Array]
 }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ref/Cleaner.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ref/Cleaner.java
index ebe230a2f00..54d1ef661e0 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ref/Cleaner.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ref/Cleaner.java
@@ -218,9 +218,11 @@ public static Cleaner create(ThreadFactory threadFactory) {
      * @param obj   the object to monitor
      * @param action a {@code Runnable} to invoke when the object becomes phantom reachable
      * @return a {@code Cleanable} instance
+     * @throws IdentityException if the object is not an
+     *         {@link java.util.Objects#hasIdentity(Object) identity object}
      */
     public Cleanable register(@jdk.internal.RequiresIdentity Object obj, Runnable action) {
-        Objects.requireNonNull(obj, "obj");
+        Objects.requireIdentity(obj, "obj");
         Objects.requireNonNull(action, "action");
         return new CleanerImpl.PhantomCleanableRef(obj, this, action);
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ref/PhantomReference.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ref/PhantomReference.java
index 5f6f47a14b3..b7533f2bc13 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ref/PhantomReference.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ref/PhantomReference.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 
 package java.lang.ref;
 
+import java.util.Objects;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.IntrinsicCandidate;
 
 /**
@@ -32,6 +33,14 @@
  * determines that their referents may otherwise be reclaimed.  Phantom
  * references are most often used to schedule post-mortem cleanup actions.
  *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          The referent must have {@linkplain Objects#hasIdentity(Object) object identity}.
+ *          When preview features are enabled, attempts to create a reference
+ *          to a {@linkplain Class#isValue value object} result in an {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
+ *
  * <p> Suppose the garbage collector determines at a certain point in time
  * that an object is <a href="package-summary.html#reachability">
  * phantom reachable</a>.  At that time it will atomically clear
@@ -100,6 +109,8 @@ void clearImpl() {
      * @param referent the object the new phantom reference will refer to
      * @param q the queue with which the reference is to be registered,
      *          or {@code null} if registration is not required
+     * @throws IdentityException if the referent is not an
+     *         {@linkplain java.util.Objects#hasIdentity(Object) identity object}
      */
     public PhantomReference(@jdk.internal.RequiresIdentity T referent, ReferenceQueue<? super T> q) {
         super(referent, q);
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ref/Reference.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ref/Reference.java
index df46ffe6ca6..10f255d511b 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ref/Reference.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ref/Reference.java
@@ -31,11 +31,21 @@
 import jdk.internal.access.JavaLangRefAccess;
 import jdk.internal.access.SharedSecrets;
 
+import java.util.Objects;
+
 /**
  * Abstract base class for reference objects.  This class defines the
  * operations common to all reference objects.  Because reference objects are
  * implemented in close cooperation with the garbage collector, this class may
  * not be subclassed directly.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          The referent must have {@linkplain Objects#hasIdentity(Object) object identity}.
+ *          When preview features are enabled, attempts to create a reference
+ *          to a {@linkplain Class#isValue value object} result in an {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  * @param <T> the type of the referent
  *
  * @author   Mark Reinhold
@@ -529,6 +539,9 @@ protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
     }
 
     Reference(T referent, ReferenceQueue<? super T> queue) {
+        if (referent != null) {
+            Objects.requireIdentity(referent);
+        }
         this.referent = referent;
         this.queue = (queue == null) ? ReferenceQueue.NULL_QUEUE : queue;
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ref/SoftReference.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ref/SoftReference.java
index 1409cd89d0f..9065650d258 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ref/SoftReference.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ref/SoftReference.java
@@ -25,12 +25,21 @@
 
 package java.lang.ref;
 
+import java.util.Objects;
 
 /**
  * Soft reference objects, which are cleared at the discretion of the garbage
  * collector in response to memory demand.  Soft references are most often used
  * to implement memory-sensitive caches.
  *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          The referent must have {@linkplain Objects#hasIdentity(Object) object identity}.
+ *          When preview features are enabled, attempts to create a reference
+ *          to a {@linkplain Class#isValue value object} result in an {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
+ *
  * <p> Suppose that the garbage collector determines at a certain point in time
  * that an object is <a href="package-summary.html#reachability">softly
  * reachable</a>.  At that time it may choose to clear atomically all soft
@@ -81,6 +90,8 @@ public non-sealed class SoftReference<@jdk.internal.RequiresIdentity T> extends
      * reference is not registered with any queue.
      *
      * @param referent object the new soft reference will refer to
+     * @throws IdentityException if the referent is not an
+     *         {@link java.util.Objects#hasIdentity(Object) identity object}
      */
     public SoftReference(@jdk.internal.RequiresIdentity T referent) {
         super(referent);
@@ -94,7 +105,8 @@ public SoftReference(@jdk.internal.RequiresIdentity T referent) {
      * @param referent object the new soft reference will refer to
      * @param q the queue with which the reference is to be registered,
      *          or {@code null} if registration is not required
-     *
+     * @throws IdentityException if the referent is not an
+     *         {@link java.util.Objects#hasIdentity(Object) identity object}
      */
     public SoftReference(@jdk.internal.RequiresIdentity T referent, ReferenceQueue<? super T> q) {
         super(referent, q);
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ref/WeakReference.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ref/WeakReference.java
index 4bdce2ace98..c0635f48c08 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ref/WeakReference.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/ref/WeakReference.java
@@ -25,12 +25,21 @@
 
 package java.lang.ref;
 
+import java.util.Objects;
 
 /**
  * Weak reference objects, which do not prevent their referents from being
  * made finalizable, finalized, and then reclaimed.  Weak references are most
  * often used to implement canonicalizing mappings.
  *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          The referent must have {@linkplain Objects#hasIdentity(Object) object identity}.
+ *          When preview features are enabled, attempts to create a reference
+ *          to a {@linkplain Class#isValue value object} result in an {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
+ *
  * <p> Suppose that the garbage collector determines at a certain point in time
  * that an object is <a href="package-summary.html#reachability">weakly
  * reachable</a>.  At that time it will atomically clear all weak references to
@@ -53,6 +62,8 @@ public non-sealed class WeakReference<@jdk.internal.RequiresIdentity T> extends
      * reference is not registered with any queue.
      *
      * @param referent object the new weak reference will refer to
+     * @throws IdentityException if the referent is not an
+     *         {@link java.util.Objects#hasIdentity(Object) identity object}
      */
     public WeakReference(@jdk.internal.RequiresIdentity T referent) {
         super(referent);
@@ -65,6 +76,8 @@ public WeakReference(@jdk.internal.RequiresIdentity T referent) {
      * @param referent object the new weak reference will refer to
      * @param q the queue with which the reference is to be registered,
      *          or {@code null} if registration is not required
+     * @throws IdentityException if the referent is not an
+     *         {@link java.util.Objects#hasIdentity(Object) identity object}
      */
     public WeakReference(@jdk.internal.RequiresIdentity T referent, ReferenceQueue<? super T> q) {
         super(referent, q);
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag.java
index 46b9ce77fd7..63822ef8ada 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag.java
@@ -25,6 +25,10 @@
 
 package java.lang.reflect;
 
+import jdk.internal.javac.PreviewFeature;
+import jdk.internal.reflect.AccessFlagSet;
+
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
 import java.lang.classfile.ClassModel;
 import java.lang.classfile.FieldModel;
 import java.lang.classfile.MethodModel;
@@ -35,18 +39,10 @@
 import java.lang.classfile.attribute.ModuleOpenInfo;
 import java.lang.classfile.attribute.ModuleRequireInfo;
 import java.lang.module.ModuleDescriptor;
-import java.util.AbstractSet;
-import java.util.Collection;
-import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
-import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.Set;
-import java.util.function.Consumer;
-import java.util.function.Predicate;
-
-import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.Stable;
 
 import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.*;
 import static java.lang.reflect.ClassFileFormatVersion.*;
@@ -162,8 +158,30 @@ public enum AccessFlag {
      * @apiNote
      * In Java SE 8 and above, the JVM treats the {@code ACC_SUPER}
      * flag as set in every class file (JVMS {@jvms 4.1}).
+     * If preview feature is enabled,
+     * the {@code 0x0020} access flag bit is {@linkplain #IDENTITY IDENTITY access flag}.
+     */
+    SUPER(0x0000_0020, false,
+          Location.SET_CLASS,
+          List.of()),
+
+    /**
+     * The access flag {@code ACC_IDENTITY} with a mask value of
+     * <code>{@value "0x%04x" ClassFile#ACC_IDENTITY}</code>.
+     * <p>
+     * If a class does not use preview features, the {@code ACC_IDENTITY} flag
+     * is considered always set for that class; if an interface or module
+     * descriptor does not use preview features, the {@code ACC_IDENTITY} flag
+     * is considered not set for that interface or module descriptor.
+     *
+     * @see Class#isValue()
+     * @jvms value-objects-4.1 Class access and property modifiers
+     * @since 28
      */
-    SUPER(0x0000_0020, false, Location.SET_CLASS, List.of()),
+    @PreviewFeature(feature = PreviewFeature.Feature.VALUE_OBJECTS, reflective=true)
+    IDENTITY(ACC_IDENTITY, false,
+             Location.EMPTY_SET,
+             List.of()),
 
     /**
      * The module flag {@code ACC_OPEN} with a mask value of {@code
@@ -264,6 +282,22 @@ public enum AccessFlag {
            List.of(Map.entry(RELEASE_16, Location.SET_METHOD),
                    Map.entry(RELEASE_1, Location.EMPTY_SET))),
 
+    /**
+     * The access flag {@code ACC_STRICT_INIT}, with a mask value of
+     * <code>{@value "0x%04x" ClassFile#ACC_STRICT_INIT}</code>.
+     *
+     * <p>The {@code ACC_STRICT_INIT} flag is considered not set for a field
+     * declared in a class or interface that does not use preview features.
+     *
+     * @see Field#isStrictInit()
+     * @jvms strict-fields-4.5 Field access and property flags
+     * @since 28
+     */
+    @PreviewFeature(feature = PreviewFeature.Feature.STRICT_FIELDS, reflective=true)
+    STRICT_INIT(ACC_STRICT_INIT, false,
+                Location.EMPTY_SET,
+                List.of()),
+
     /**
      * The access flag {@code ACC_SYNTHETIC} with a mask value of
      * <code>{@value "0x%04x" Modifier#SYNTHETIC}</code>.
@@ -353,7 +387,7 @@ public boolean sourceModifier() {
      * the current class file format version.
      */
     public Set<Location> locations() {
-        return locations;
+        return locations(latest());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -381,14 +415,7 @@ public Set<Location> locations(ClassFileFormatVersion cffv) {
      * @throws NullPointerException if {@code location} is {@code null}
      */
     public static Set<AccessFlag> maskToAccessFlags(int mask, Location location) {
-        var definition = findDefinition(location);  // null checks location
-        int unmatchedMask = mask & (~location.flagsMask());
-        if (unmatchedMask != 0) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unmatched bit position 0x" +
-                    Integer.toHexString(unmatchedMask) +
-                    " for location " + location);
-        }
-        return new AccessFlagSet(definition, mask);
+        return maskToAccessFlags(mask, location, latest());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -404,15 +431,15 @@ public static Set<AccessFlag> maskToAccessFlags(int mask, Location location) {
      * @since 25
      */
     public static Set<AccessFlag> maskToAccessFlags(int mask, Location location, ClassFileFormatVersion cffv) {
-        var definition = findDefinition(location);  // null checks location
-        int unmatchedMask = mask & (~location.flagsMask(cffv));  // null checks cffv
+        var definition = AccessFlagSet.findDefinition(location, cffv);  // null checks location
+        int unmatchedMask = mask & (~location.flagsMask(cffv));
         if (unmatchedMask != 0) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unmatched bit position 0x" +
                     Integer.toHexString(unmatchedMask) +
                     " for location " + location +
                     " for class file format " + cffv);
         }
-        return new AccessFlagSet(definition, mask);
+        return AccessFlagSet.ofValidated(definition, mask);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -494,9 +521,9 @@ public enum Location {
                     ACC_STATIC | ACC_FINAL | ACC_INTERFACE | ACC_ABSTRACT |
                     ACC_SYNTHETIC | ACC_ANNOTATION | ACC_ENUM,
                     List.of(Map.entry(RELEASE_4, // no synthetic, annotation, enum
-                            ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_PRIVATE | ACC_PROTECTED |
-                            ACC_STATIC | ACC_FINAL | ACC_INTERFACE |
-                            ACC_ABSTRACT),
+                                      ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_PRIVATE | ACC_PROTECTED |
+                                      ACC_STATIC | ACC_FINAL | ACC_INTERFACE |
+                                      ACC_ABSTRACT),
                             Map.entry(RELEASE_0, 0))), // did not exist
 
         /**
@@ -612,7 +639,7 @@ public enum Location {
         // These 2 utilities reside in Location because Location must be initialized before AccessFlag
         private static <T> List<Map.Entry<ClassFileFormatVersion, T>> ensureHistoryOrdered(
                 List<Map.Entry<ClassFileFormatVersion, T>> history) {
-            ClassFileFormatVersion lastVersion = ClassFileFormatVersion.latest();
+            ClassFileFormatVersion lastVersion = latest();
             for (var e : history) {
                 var historyVersion = e.getKey();
                 if (lastVersion.compareTo(historyVersion) <= 0) {
@@ -646,7 +673,7 @@ private static <T> T findInHistory(T candidate, List<Map.Entry<ClassFileFormatVe
          * @since 25
          */
         public int flagsMask() {
-            return flagsMask;
+            return flagsMask(latest());
         }
 
         /**
@@ -674,7 +701,7 @@ public int flagsMask(ClassFileFormatVersion cffv) {
          * @since 25
          */
         public Set<AccessFlag> flags() {
-            return new AccessFlagSet(findDefinition(this), flagsMask());
+            return flags(latest());
         }
 
         /**
@@ -689,136 +716,8 @@ public Set<AccessFlag> flags() {
          * @since 25
          */
         public Set<AccessFlag> flags(ClassFileFormatVersion cffv) {
-            // implicit null check cffv
-            return new AccessFlagSet(findDefinition(this), flagsMask(cffv));
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static AccessFlag[] createDefinition(AccessFlag... known) {
-        var ret = new AccessFlag[Character.SIZE];
-        for (var flag : known) {
-            var mask = flag.mask;
-            int pos = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(mask);
-            assert ret[pos] == null : ret[pos] + " " + flag;
-            ret[pos] = flag;
-        }
-        return ret;
-    }
-
-    // Will take extra args in the future for valhalla switch
-    private static AccessFlag[] findDefinition(Location location) {
-        return switch (location) {
-            case CLASS -> CLASS_FLAGS;
-            case FIELD -> FIELD_FLAGS;
-            case METHOD -> METHOD_FLAGS;
-            case INNER_CLASS -> INNER_CLASS_FLAGS;
-            case METHOD_PARAMETER -> METHOD_PARAMETER_FLAGS;
-            case MODULE -> MODULE_FLAGS;
-            case MODULE_REQUIRES -> MODULE_REQUIRES_FLAGS;
-            case MODULE_EXPORTS -> MODULE_EXPORTS_FLAGS;
-            case MODULE_OPENS -> MODULE_OPENS_FLAGS;
-        };
-    }
-
-    private static final @Stable AccessFlag[] // Can use stable array and lazy init in the future
-            CLASS_FLAGS = createDefinition(PUBLIC, FINAL, SUPER, INTERFACE, ABSTRACT, SYNTHETIC, ANNOTATION, ENUM, MODULE),
-            FIELD_FLAGS = createDefinition(PUBLIC, PRIVATE, PROTECTED, STATIC, FINAL, VOLATILE, TRANSIENT, SYNTHETIC, ENUM),
-            METHOD_FLAGS = createDefinition(PUBLIC, PRIVATE, PROTECTED, STATIC, FINAL, SYNCHRONIZED, BRIDGE, VARARGS, NATIVE, ABSTRACT, STRICT, SYNTHETIC),
-            INNER_CLASS_FLAGS = createDefinition(PUBLIC, PRIVATE, PROTECTED, STATIC, FINAL, INTERFACE, ABSTRACT, SYNTHETIC, ANNOTATION, ENUM),
-            METHOD_PARAMETER_FLAGS = createDefinition(FINAL, SYNTHETIC, MANDATED),
-            MODULE_FLAGS = createDefinition(OPEN, SYNTHETIC, MANDATED),
-            MODULE_REQUIRES_FLAGS = createDefinition(TRANSITIVE, STATIC_PHASE, SYNTHETIC, MANDATED),
-            MODULE_EXPORTS_FLAGS = createDefinition(SYNTHETIC, MANDATED),
-            MODULE_OPENS_FLAGS = createDefinition(SYNTHETIC, MANDATED);
-
-    private static int undefinedMask(AccessFlag[] definition, int mask) {
-        assert definition.length == Character.SIZE;
-        int definedMask = 0;
-        for (int i = 0; i < Character.SIZE; i++) {
-            if (definition[i] != null) {
-                definedMask |= 1 << i;
-            }
-        }
-        return mask & ~definedMask;
-    }
-
-    private static final class AccessFlagSet extends AbstractSet<AccessFlag> {
-        private final @Stable AccessFlag[] definition;
-        private final int mask;
-
-        // all mutating methods throw UnsupportedOperationException
-        @Override public boolean add(AccessFlag e) { throw uoe(); }
-        @Override public boolean addAll(Collection<? extends AccessFlag> c) { throw uoe(); }
-        @Override public void    clear() { throw uoe(); }
-        @Override public boolean remove(Object o) { throw uoe(); }
-        @Override public boolean removeAll(Collection<?> c) { throw uoe(); }
-        @Override public boolean removeIf(Predicate<? super AccessFlag> filter) { throw uoe(); }
-        @Override public boolean retainAll(Collection<?> c) { throw uoe(); }
-        private static UnsupportedOperationException uoe() { return new UnsupportedOperationException(); }
-
-        private AccessFlagSet(AccessFlag[] definition, int mask) {
-            assert undefinedMask(definition, mask) == 0 : mask;
-            this.definition = definition;
-            this.mask = mask;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public Iterator<AccessFlag> iterator() {
-            return new AccessFlagIterator(definition, mask);
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void forEach(Consumer<? super AccessFlag> action) {
-            Objects.requireNonNull(action); // in case of empty
-            for (int i = 0; i < Character.SIZE; i++) {
-                if ((mask & (1 << i)) != 0) {
-                    action.accept(definition[i]);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        private static final class AccessFlagIterator implements Iterator<AccessFlag> {
-            private final @Stable AccessFlag[] definition;
-            private int remainingMask;
-
-            private AccessFlagIterator(AccessFlag[] definition, int remainingMask) {
-                this.definition = definition;
-                this.remainingMask = remainingMask;
-            }
-
-            @Override
-            public boolean hasNext() {
-                return remainingMask != 0;
-            }
-
-            @Override
-            public AccessFlag next() {
-                int flagBit = Integer.lowestOneBit(remainingMask);
-                if (flagBit == 0) {
-                    throw new NoSuchElementException();
-                }
-                remainingMask &= ~flagBit;
-                return definition[Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(flagBit)];
-            }
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public int size() {
-            return Integer.bitCount(mask);
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public boolean contains(Object o) {
-            if (Objects.requireNonNull(o) instanceof AccessFlag flag) {
-                int bit = flag.mask;
-                return (bit & mask) != 0 && definition[Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(bit)] == flag;
-            }
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public boolean isEmpty() {
-            return mask == 0;
+            // flagsMask null checks cffv and always returns valid mask
+            return AccessFlagSet.ofValidated(AccessFlagSet.findDefinition(this, cffv), flagsMask(cffv));
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/Executable.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/Executable.java
index b20658d5dd0..1d512622d4a 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/Executable.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/Executable.java
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
 import jdk.internal.access.SharedSecrets;
+import jdk.internal.reflect.AccessFlagSet;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.Stable;
 import sun.reflect.annotation.AnnotationParser;
 import sun.reflect.annotation.AnnotationSupport;
@@ -209,9 +210,7 @@ String sharedToGenericString() {
      */
     @Override
     public Set<AccessFlag> accessFlags() {
-        return reflectionFactory.parseAccessFlags(getModifiers(),
-                                                  AccessFlag.Location.METHOD,
-                                                  getDeclaringClass());
+        return AccessFlagSet.ofValidated(AccessFlagSet.METHOD_FLAGS, getModifiers());
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/Field.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/Field.java
index cd9d50a9575..4cac07f52cb 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/Field.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/Field.java
@@ -33,12 +33,15 @@
 import java.util.Objects;
 import jdk.internal.access.SharedSecrets;
 import jdk.internal.event.FinalFieldMutationEvent;
+import jdk.internal.javac.PreviewFeature;
 import jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders;
 import jdk.internal.misc.VM;
 import jdk.internal.module.ModuleBootstrap;
 import jdk.internal.module.Modules;
+import jdk.internal.reflect.AccessFlagSet;
 import jdk.internal.reflect.CallerSensitive;
 import jdk.internal.reflect.FieldAccessor;
+import jdk.internal.reflect.PreviewAccessFlags;
 import jdk.internal.reflect.Reflection;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.ForceInline;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.Stable;
@@ -80,7 +83,7 @@ class Field extends AccessibleObject implements Member {
     private final String              name;
     private final Class<?>            type;
     private final int                 modifiers;
-    private final boolean             trustedFinal;
+    private final int                 flags;
     // Generics and annotations support
     private final transient String    signature;
     private final byte[]              annotations;
@@ -130,7 +133,7 @@ private FieldRepository getGenericInfo() {
           String name,
           Class<?> type,
           int modifiers,
-          boolean trustedFinal,
+          int flags,
           int slot,
           String signature,
           byte[] annotations)
@@ -139,7 +142,7 @@ private FieldRepository getGenericInfo() {
         this.name = name;
         this.type = type;
         this.modifiers = modifiers;
-        this.trustedFinal = trustedFinal;
+        this.flags = flags;
         this.slot = slot;
         this.signature = signature;
         this.annotations = annotations;
@@ -161,7 +164,7 @@ Field copy() {
         if (this.root != null)
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can not copy a non-root Field");
 
-        Field res = new Field(clazz, name, type, modifiers, trustedFinal, slot, signature, annotations);
+        Field res = new Field(clazz, name, type, modifiers, flags, slot, signature, annotations);
         res.root = this;
         // Might as well eagerly propagate this if already present
         res.fieldAccessor = fieldAccessor;
@@ -187,11 +190,12 @@ Field copy() {
      * <li>static final fields declared in any class or interface</li>
      * <li>final fields declared in a {@linkplain Class#isRecord() record}</li>
      * <li>final fields declared in a {@linkplain Class#isHidden() hidden class}</li>
+     * <li>fields declared in a {@linkplain Class#isValue() value class}</li>
+     * <li>{@linkplain #isStrictInit() strictly-initialized} final fields</li>
      * </ul>
-     * <p>If this reflected object represents a non-static final field in a class that
-     * is not a record class or hidden class, then enabling access will enable read
-     * access. Whether write access is allowed or not is checked when attempting to
-     * {@linkplain #set(Object, Object) set} the field value.
+     * <p>Final fields that are not covered by this list may be <em>modifiable</em>.
+     * Enabling access will enable read access. Whether write access is allowed is
+     * checked when attempting to {@linkplain #set(Object, Object) set} the field value.
      *
      * @throws InaccessibleObjectException {@inheritDoc}
      */
@@ -246,7 +250,7 @@ public int getModifiers() {
      */
     @Override
     public Set<AccessFlag> accessFlags() {
-        return reflectionFactory.parseAccessFlags(getModifiers(), AccessFlag.Location.FIELD, getDeclaringClass());
+        return AccessFlagSet.ofValidated(PreviewAccessFlags.FIELD_PREVIEW_FLAGS, getModifiers());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -277,6 +281,27 @@ public boolean isSynthetic() {
         return Modifier.isSynthetic(getModifiers());
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Returns {@code true} if this field is a strictly-initialized field;
+     * returns {@code false} otherwise.
+     *
+     * <p>This method returns {@code true} if and only if the class or interface
+     * that declares this field uses preview features and this field is a
+     * strictly-initialized field. The {@link AccessFlag#STRICT_INIT
+     * ACC_STRICT_INIT} flag is considered not set for a field declared in a
+     * class or interface that does not use preview features; consequently,
+     * this method always returns {@code false} when preview features are disabled.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if and only if this field is a strictly-initialized
+     *         field, as defined by the Java Virtual Machine Specification
+     * @jvms strict-fields-4.5 Field access and property flags
+     * @since 28
+     */
+    @PreviewFeature(feature = PreviewFeature.Feature.STRICT_FIELDS, reflective = true)
+    public boolean isStrictInit() {
+        return accessFlags().contains(AccessFlag.STRICT_INIT);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Returns a {@code Class} object that identifies the
      * declared type for the field represented by this
@@ -466,6 +491,10 @@ public String toGenericString() {
      *              and the field is an instance field.
      * @throws    ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
      *              by this method fails.
+     * @throws    IllegalStateException if the current thread is initializing the
+     *              field's {@linkplain #getDeclaringClass() declaring class} and
+     *              the field is a {@linkplain #isStrictInit() strictly-initialized}
+     *              static field that has not been initialized.
      */
     @CallerSensitive
     @ForceInline // to ensure Reflection.getCallerClass optimization
@@ -501,6 +530,10 @@ public Object get(Object obj)
      *              and the field is an instance field.
      * @throws    ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
      *              by this method fails.
+     * @throws    IllegalStateException if the current thread is initializing the
+     *              field's {@linkplain #getDeclaringClass() declaring class} and
+     *              the field is a {@linkplain #isStrictInit() strictly-initialized}
+     *              static field that has not been initialized.
      * @see       Field#get
      */
     @CallerSensitive
@@ -537,6 +570,10 @@ public boolean getBoolean(Object obj)
      *              and the field is an instance field.
      * @throws    ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
      *              by this method fails.
+     * @throws    IllegalStateException if the current thread is initializing the
+     *              field's {@linkplain #getDeclaringClass() declaring class} and
+     *              the field is a {@linkplain #isStrictInit() strictly-initialized}
+     *              static field that has not been initialized.
      * @see       Field#get
      */
     @CallerSensitive
@@ -575,6 +612,10 @@ public byte getByte(Object obj)
      *              and the field is an instance field.
      * @throws    ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
      *              by this method fails.
+     * @throws    IllegalStateException if the current thread is initializing the
+     *              field's {@linkplain #getDeclaringClass() declaring class} and
+     *              the field is a {@linkplain #isStrictInit() strictly-initialized}
+     *              static field that has not been initialized.
      * @see Field#get
      */
     @CallerSensitive
@@ -613,6 +654,10 @@ public char getChar(Object obj)
      *              and the field is an instance field.
      * @throws    ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
      *              by this method fails.
+     * @throws    IllegalStateException if the current thread is initializing the
+     *              field's {@linkplain #getDeclaringClass() declaring class} and
+     *              the field is a {@linkplain #isStrictInit() strictly-initialized}
+     *              static field that has not been initialized.
      * @see       Field#get
      */
     @CallerSensitive
@@ -651,6 +696,10 @@ public short getShort(Object obj)
      *              and the field is an instance field.
      * @throws    ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
      *              by this method fails.
+     * @throws    IllegalStateException if the current thread is initializing the
+     *              field's {@linkplain #getDeclaringClass() declaring class} and
+     *              the field is a {@linkplain #isStrictInit() strictly-initialized}
+     *              static field that has not been initialized.
      * @see       Field#get
      */
     @CallerSensitive
@@ -689,6 +738,10 @@ public int getInt(Object obj)
      *              and the field is an instance field.
      * @throws    ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
      *              by this method fails.
+     * @throws    IllegalStateException if the current thread is initializing the
+     *              field's {@linkplain #getDeclaringClass() declaring class} and
+     *              the field is a {@linkplain #isStrictInit() strictly-initialized}
+     *              static field that has not been initialized.
      * @see       Field#get
      */
     @CallerSensitive
@@ -727,6 +780,10 @@ public long getLong(Object obj)
      *              and the field is an instance field.
      * @throws    ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
      *              by this method fails.
+     * @throws    IllegalStateException if the current thread is initializing the
+     *              field's {@linkplain #getDeclaringClass() declaring class} and
+     *              the field is a {@linkplain #isStrictInit() strictly-initialized}
+     *              static field that has not been initialized.
      * @see Field#get
      */
     @CallerSensitive
@@ -765,6 +822,10 @@ public float getFloat(Object obj)
      *              and the field is an instance field.
      * @throws    ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
      *              by this method fails.
+     * @throws    IllegalStateException if the current thread is initializing the
+     *              field's {@linkplain #getDeclaringClass() declaring class} and
+     *              the field is a {@linkplain #isStrictInit() strictly-initialized}
+     *              static field that has not been initialized.
      * @see       Field#get
      */
     @CallerSensitive
@@ -822,7 +883,9 @@ public double getDouble(Object obj)
      * </li>
      * <li>{@code D} is not a {@linkplain Class#isRecord() record class}.</li>
      * <li>{@code D} is not a {@linkplain Class#isHidden() hidden class}.</li>
+     * <li>{@code D} is not a {@linkplain Class#isValue() value class}.</li>
      * <li>The field is non-static.</li>
+     * <li>The field is not a {@linkplain #isStrictInit() strictly-initialized} field. </li>
      * </ul>
      *
      * <p>If any of the above conditions is not met, this method throws an
@@ -851,7 +914,9 @@ public double getDouble(Object obj)
      *     is {@linkplain Module#isExported(String) exported} to all modules.</li>
      * <li>{@code D} is not a {@linkplain Class#isRecord() record class}.</li>
      * <li>{@code D} is not a {@linkplain Class#isHidden() hidden class}.</li>
+     * <li>{@code D} is not a {@linkplain Class#isValue() value class}.</li>
      * <li>The field is non-static.</li>
+     * <li>The field is not a {@linkplain #isStrictInit() strictly-initialized} field. </li>
      * </ul>
      *
      * <p>If any of the above conditions is not met, this method throws an
@@ -1362,8 +1427,15 @@ private void setOverrideFieldAccessor(FieldAccessor accessor) {
         return root;
     }
 
+    private static final int TRUST_FINAL     = 0x0010;
+    private static final int NULL_RESTRICTED = 0x0020;
+
     /* package-private */ boolean isTrustedFinal() {
-        return trustedFinal;
+        return (flags & TRUST_FINAL) == TRUST_FINAL;
+    }
+
+    /* package-private */ boolean isNullRestricted() {
+        return (flags & NULL_RESTRICTED) == NULL_RESTRICTED;
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/Parameter.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/Parameter.java
index cc06ae02f84..61fa837144f 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/Parameter.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/Parameter.java
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.Objects;
+
+import jdk.internal.reflect.AccessFlagSet;
 import sun.reflect.annotation.AnnotationSupport;
 
 /**
@@ -171,8 +173,7 @@ public int getModifiers() {
      * @since 20
      */
     public Set<AccessFlag> accessFlags() {
-        return AccessibleObject.reflectionFactory.parseAccessFlags(getModifiers(),
-                AccessFlag.Location.METHOD_PARAMETER, getDeclaringExecutable().getDeclaringClass());
+        return AccessFlagSet.ofValidated(AccessFlagSet.METHOD_PARAMETER_FLAGS, modifiers);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/ProxyGenerator.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/ProxyGenerator.java
index 9e645d5d9f6..ca91c1b582d 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/ProxyGenerator.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/ProxyGenerator.java
@@ -434,6 +434,12 @@ private static void collectCompatibleTypes(Class<?>[] from,
     /**
      * Generate a class file for the proxy class.  This method drives the
      * class file generation process.
+     *
+     * If a proxy interface references any value classes, the value classes
+     * are listed in the loadable descriptors attribute of the interface class.  The
+     * classes that are referenced by the proxy interface have already
+     * been loaded before the proxy class.  Hence the proxy class is
+     * generated with no loadable descriptors attributes as it essentially has no effect.
      */
     private byte[] generateClassFile() {
         /*
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/ReflectAccess.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/ReflectAccess.java
index ea4e5e06dcf..996e59109ce 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/ReflectAccess.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/ReflectAccess.java
@@ -73,6 +73,10 @@ public boolean isTrustedFinalField(Field f) {
         return f.isTrustedFinal();
     }
 
+    public boolean isNullRestrictedField(Field f) {
+        return f.isNullRestricted();
+    }
+
     public <T> T newInstance(Constructor<T> ctor, Object[] args, Class<?> caller)
         throws IllegalAccessException, InstantiationException, InvocationTargetException
     {
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/runtime/ValueObjectMethods.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/runtime/ValueObjectMethods.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7c833ad633b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/runtime/ValueObjectMethods.java
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package java.lang.runtime;
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation for Object::equals and Object::hashCode for value objects.
+ *
+ * ValueObjectMethods::isSubstitutable and valueObjectHashCode are
+ * private entry points called by VM.
+ */
+final class ValueObjectMethods {
+    private static final Unsafe UNSAFE = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
+    private static final boolean VERBOSE =
+            System.getProperty("value.bsm.debug") != null;
+
+    private ValueObjectMethods() {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return whether two value objects of the same class are indistinguishable,
+     * as used by {@code ==} operator.
+     * The fields to compare are determined by Unsafe.getFieldMap.
+     * This method is called by the JVM.
+     *
+     * @param a a value class instance, non-null
+     * @param b a value class instance of the same class as {@code a}, non-null
+     * @return whether these two value objects are indistinguishable
+     */
+    private static boolean isSubstitutable(Object a, Object b) {
+        if (VERBOSE) {
+            System.out.println("isSubstitutable " + a + " vs " + b);
+        }
+        // This method assumes a and b are not null and they are both instances of the same value class
+        final Unsafe U = UNSAFE;
+        int[] map = U.getFieldMap(a.getClass());
+        // map format is:
+        // [number_of_nonref_entries][offset0][size0][offset1][size1]...[ref_offset0][ref_offset1]...
+        int nbNonRef = map[0];
+        for (int i = 0; i < nbNonRef; i++) {
+            int offset = map[i * 2 + 1];
+            int size = map[i * 2 + 2];
+            int nlong = size / 8;
+            for (int j = 0; j < nlong; j++) {
+                long la = U.getLong(a, offset);
+                long lb = U.getLong(b, offset);
+                if (la != lb) return false;
+                offset += 8;
+            }
+            size -= nlong * 8;
+            int nint = size / 4;
+            for (int j = 0; j < nint; j++) {
+                int ia = U.getInt(a, offset);
+                int ib = U.getInt(b, offset);
+                if (ia != ib) return false;
+                offset += 4;
+            }
+            size -= nint * 4;
+            int nshort = size / 2;
+            for (int j = 0; j < nshort; j++) {
+                short sa = U.getShort(a, offset);
+                short sb = U.getShort(b, offset);
+                if (sa != sb) return false;
+                offset += 2;
+            }
+            size -= nshort * 2;
+            for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                byte ba = U.getByte(a, offset);
+                byte bb = U.getByte(b, offset);
+                if (ba != bb) return false;
+                offset++;
+            }
+        }
+        for (int i = nbNonRef * 2 + 1; i < map.length; i++) {
+            int offset = map[i];
+            Object oa = U.getReference(a, offset);
+            Object ob = U.getReference(b, offset);
+            if (oa != ob) return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the identity hashCode of a value object.
+     * Two indistinguishable value objects produce the same hashCode.
+     * This method is called by the JVM.
+     *
+     * The generated identity hash must be invariantly immutable.
+     * We divide into two cases:
+     *   1. No references: the identity hash is computed from the immutable
+     *      fields, no matter when this is called the same identity hash code
+     *      is expected.
+     *   2. References: the above still applies, but the references' identity
+     *      hash code must be used, the user overwriteable hashCode may change
+     *      due to mutability.
+     *
+     * The hashCode is computed using Unsafe.getFieldMap.
+     *
+     * @param obj a value class instance, non-null
+     * @return the hashCode of the object
+     */
+    private static int valueObjectHashCode(Object obj) {
+        if (VERBOSE) {
+            System.out.println("valueObjectHashCode: obj.getClass:" + obj.getClass().getName());
+        }
+        // This method assumes a is not null and is an instance of a value class
+        Class<?> type = obj.getClass();
+        final Unsafe U = UNSAFE;
+        int[] map = U.getFieldMap(type);
+        int result = System.identityHashCode(type);
+        int nbNonRef = map[0];
+        for (int i = 0; i < nbNonRef; i++) {
+            int offset = map[i * 2 + 1];
+            int size = map[i * 2 + 2];
+            int nlong = size / 8;
+            for (int j = 0; j < nlong; j++) {
+                long la = U.getLong(obj, offset);
+                result = 31 * result + (int) la;
+                result = 31 * result + (int) (la >>> 32);
+                offset += 8;
+            }
+            size -= nlong * 8;
+            int nint = size / 4;
+            for (int j = 0; j < nint; j++) {
+                int ia = U.getInt(obj, offset);
+                result = 31 * result + ia;
+                offset += 4;
+            }
+            size -= nint * 4;
+            int nshort = size / 2;
+            for (int j = 0; j < nshort; j++) {
+                short sa = U.getShort(obj, offset);
+                result = 31 * result + sa;
+                offset += 2;
+            }
+            size -= nshort * 2;
+            for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                byte ba = U.getByte(obj, offset);
+                result = 31 * result + ba;
+                offset++;
+            }
+        }
+        for (int i = nbNonRef * 2 + 1; i < map.length; i++) {
+            int offset = map[i];
+            Object oa = U.getReference(obj, offset);
+            result = 31 * result + System.identityHashCode(oa);
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/Duration.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/Duration.java
index 7b3289a1f59..3a72c391156 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/Duration.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/Duration.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -119,11 +119,18 @@
  * See {@link Instant} for a discussion as to the meaning of the second and time-scales.
  * <p>
  * This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
- * The {@code equals} method should be used for comparisons.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code Duration} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @implSpec
  * This class is immutable and thread-safe.
@@ -131,7 +138,8 @@
  * @since 1.8
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class Duration
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class Duration
         implements TemporalAmount, Comparable<Duration>, Serializable {
 
     /**
@@ -1590,6 +1598,7 @@ private Object writeReplace() {
      * @throws InvalidObjectException always
      */
     @java.io.Serial
+    @SuppressWarnings("serial") // this method is not invoked for value classes
     private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s) throws InvalidObjectException {
         throw new InvalidObjectException("Deserialization via serialization delegate");
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/Instant.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/Instant.java
index 640743f0fb7..24fad09faca 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/Instant.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/Instant.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -195,11 +195,18 @@
  * {@code ZonedDateTime} and {@code Duration}.
  * <p>
  * This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
- * The {@code equals} method should be used for comparisons.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code Instant} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @implSpec
  * This class is immutable and thread-safe.
@@ -207,7 +214,8 @@
  * @since 1.8
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class Instant
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class Instant
         implements Temporal, TemporalAdjuster, Comparable<Instant>, Serializable {
 
     /**
@@ -1430,6 +1438,7 @@ private Object writeReplace() {
      * @throws InvalidObjectException always
      */
     @java.io.Serial
+    @SuppressWarnings("serial") // this method is not invoked for value classes
     private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s) throws InvalidObjectException {
         throw new InvalidObjectException("Deserialization via serialization delegate");
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/LocalDate.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/LocalDate.java
index 2105621d135..74f6606e116 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/LocalDate.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/LocalDate.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -129,11 +129,18 @@
  * to be accurate will find the ISO-8601 approach unsuitable.
  * <p>
  * This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
- * The {@code equals} method should be used for comparisons.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code LocalDate} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @implSpec
  * This class is immutable and thread-safe.
@@ -141,7 +148,8 @@
  * @since 1.8
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class LocalDate
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class LocalDate
         implements Temporal, TemporalAdjuster, ChronoLocalDate, Serializable {
 
     /**
@@ -2195,6 +2203,7 @@ private Object writeReplace() {
      * @throws InvalidObjectException always
      */
     @java.io.Serial
+    @SuppressWarnings("serial") // this method is not invoked for value classes
     private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s) throws InvalidObjectException {
         throw new InvalidObjectException("Deserialization via serialization delegate");
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/LocalDateTime.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/LocalDateTime.java
index 37932fe7a65..b5ffaf3cb14 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/LocalDateTime.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/LocalDateTime.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -123,11 +123,18 @@
  * to be accurate will find the ISO-8601 approach unsuitable.
  * <p>
  * This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
- * The {@code equals} method should be used for comparisons.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code LocalDateTime} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @implSpec
  * This class is immutable and thread-safe.
@@ -135,7 +142,8 @@
  * @since 1.8
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class LocalDateTime
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class LocalDateTime
         implements Temporal, TemporalAdjuster, ChronoLocalDateTime<LocalDate>, Serializable {
 
     /**
@@ -1998,6 +2006,7 @@ private Object writeReplace() {
      * @throws InvalidObjectException always
      */
     @java.io.Serial
+    @SuppressWarnings("serial") // this method is not invoked for value classes
     private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s) throws InvalidObjectException {
         throw new InvalidObjectException("Deserialization via serialization delegate");
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/LocalTime.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/LocalTime.java
index de2669752ec..40b34f2e86e 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/LocalTime.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/LocalTime.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -113,11 +113,18 @@
  * representation, this class, for time-of-day.
  * <p>
  * This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
- * The {@code equals} method should be used for comparisons.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code LocalTime} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @implSpec
  * This class is immutable and thread-safe.
@@ -125,7 +132,8 @@
  * @since 1.8
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class LocalTime
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class LocalTime
         implements Temporal, TemporalAdjuster, Comparable<LocalTime>, Serializable {
 
     /**
@@ -1680,6 +1688,7 @@ private Object writeReplace() {
      * @throws InvalidObjectException always
      */
     @java.io.Serial
+    @SuppressWarnings("serial") // this method is not invoked for value classes
     private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s) throws InvalidObjectException {
         throw new InvalidObjectException("Deserialization via serialization delegate");
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/MonthDay.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/MonthDay.java
index 26ca69bbe0d..c1ab0a997c3 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/MonthDay.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/MonthDay.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -117,11 +117,18 @@
  * to be accurate will find the ISO-8601 approach unsuitable.
  * <p>
  * This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
- * The {@code equals} method should be used for comparisons.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code MonthDay} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @implSpec
  * This class is immutable and thread-safe.
@@ -129,7 +136,8 @@
  * @since 1.8
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class MonthDay
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class MonthDay
         implements TemporalAccessor, TemporalAdjuster, Comparable<MonthDay>, Serializable {
 
     /**
@@ -799,6 +807,7 @@ private Object writeReplace() {
      * @throws InvalidObjectException always
      */
     @java.io.Serial
+    @SuppressWarnings("serial") // this method is not invoked for value classes
     private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s) throws InvalidObjectException {
         throw new InvalidObjectException("Deserialization via serialization delegate");
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/OffsetDateTime.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/OffsetDateTime.java
index 62ff8f23a15..fc6c3745c3d 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/OffsetDateTime.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/OffsetDateTime.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -116,11 +116,18 @@
  * more detail, or when communicating to a database or in a network protocol.
  * <p>
  * This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
- * The {@code equals} method should be used for comparisons.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code OffsetDateTime} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @implSpec
  * This class is immutable and thread-safe.
@@ -128,7 +135,8 @@
  * @since 1.8
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class OffsetDateTime
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class OffsetDateTime
         implements Temporal, TemporalAdjuster, Comparable<OffsetDateTime>, Serializable {
 
     /**
@@ -1956,6 +1964,7 @@ private Object writeReplace() {
      * @throws InvalidObjectException always
      */
     @java.io.Serial
+    @SuppressWarnings("serial") // this method is not invoked for value classes
     private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s) throws InvalidObjectException {
         throw new InvalidObjectException("Deserialization via serialization delegate");
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/OffsetTime.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/OffsetTime.java
index 831043c47df..91469a314d4 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/OffsetTime.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/OffsetTime.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -106,11 +106,18 @@
  * in an {@code OffsetTime}.
  * <p>
  * This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
- * The {@code equals} method should be used for comparisons.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code OffsetTime} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @implSpec
  * This class is immutable and thread-safe.
@@ -118,7 +125,8 @@
  * @since 1.8
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class OffsetTime
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class OffsetTime
         implements Temporal, TemporalAdjuster, Comparable<OffsetTime>, Serializable {
 
     /**
@@ -1431,6 +1439,7 @@ private Object writeReplace() {
      * @throws InvalidObjectException always
      */
     @java.io.Serial
+    @SuppressWarnings("serial") // this method is not invoked for value classes
     private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s) throws InvalidObjectException {
         throw new InvalidObjectException("Deserialization via serialization delegate");
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/Period.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/Period.java
index 745714788c3..b6d978f497e 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/Period.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/Period.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -119,11 +119,18 @@
  * period may be negative.
  * <p>
  * This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
- * The {@code equals} method should be used for comparisons.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code Period} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @implSpec
  * This class is immutable and thread-safe.
@@ -131,7 +138,8 @@
  * @since 1.8
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class Period
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class Period
         implements ChronoPeriod, Serializable {
 
     /**
@@ -1063,6 +1071,7 @@ private Object writeReplace() {
      * @throws java.io.InvalidObjectException always
      */
     @java.io.Serial
+    @SuppressWarnings("serial") // this method is not invoked for value classes
     private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s) throws InvalidObjectException {
         throw new InvalidObjectException("Deserialization via serialization delegate");
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/Year.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/Year.java
index 97264ab8c1c..4237b8b541c 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/Year.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/Year.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -121,11 +121,18 @@
  * to be accurate will find the ISO-8601 approach unsuitable.
  * <p>
  * This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
- * The {@code equals} method should be used for comparisons.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code Year} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @implSpec
  * This class is immutable and thread-safe.
@@ -133,7 +140,8 @@
  * @since 1.8
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class Year
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class Year
         implements Temporal, TemporalAdjuster, Comparable<Year>, Serializable {
 
     /**
@@ -1116,6 +1124,7 @@ private Object writeReplace() {
      * @throws InvalidObjectException always
      */
     @java.io.Serial
+    @SuppressWarnings("serial") // this method is not invoked for value classes
     private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s) throws InvalidObjectException {
         throw new InvalidObjectException("Deserialization via serialization delegate");
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/YearMonth.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/YearMonth.java
index 665c8c85544..91304049559 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/YearMonth.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/YearMonth.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -121,11 +121,18 @@
  * to be accurate will find the ISO-8601 approach unsuitable.
  * <p>
  * This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
- * The {@code equals} method should be used for comparisons.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code YearMonth} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @implSpec
  * This class is immutable and thread-safe.
@@ -133,7 +140,8 @@
  * @since 1.8
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class YearMonth
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class YearMonth
         implements Temporal, TemporalAdjuster, Comparable<YearMonth>, Serializable {
 
     /**
@@ -1253,6 +1261,7 @@ private Object writeReplace() {
      * @throws InvalidObjectException always
      */
     @java.io.Serial
+    @SuppressWarnings("serial") // this method is not invoked for value classes
     private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s) throws InvalidObjectException {
         throw new InvalidObjectException("Deserialization via serialization delegate");
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/ZoneId.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/ZoneId.java
index 47758b64e54..50ca829a241 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/ZoneId.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/ZoneId.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -162,11 +162,9 @@
  * queried, but not modified, on a Java Runtime with incomplete time-zone information.
  * <p>
  * This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
- * The {@code equals} method should be used for comparisons.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
  *
  * @implSpec
  * This abstract sealed class permits two implementations, both of which are immutable and
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/ZonedDateTime.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/ZonedDateTime.java
index b1ffe7b87d6..7ca288f4797 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/ZonedDateTime.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/ZonedDateTime.java
@@ -146,11 +146,18 @@
  * represents an instant, especially during a daylight savings overlap.
  * <p>
  * This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
- * The {@code equals} method should be used for comparisons.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code ZonedDateTime} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @implSpec
  * A {@code ZonedDateTime} holds state equivalent to three separate objects,
@@ -164,7 +171,8 @@
  * @since 1.8
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class ZonedDateTime
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class ZonedDateTime
         implements Temporal, ChronoZonedDateTime<LocalDate>, Serializable {
 
     /**
@@ -2261,6 +2269,7 @@ private Object writeReplace() {
      * @throws InvalidObjectException always
      */
     @java.io.Serial
+    @SuppressWarnings("serial") // this method is not invoked for value classes
     private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s) throws InvalidObjectException {
         throw new InvalidObjectException("Deserialization via serialization delegate");
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/chrono/ChronoLocalDateImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/chrono/ChronoLocalDateImpl.java
index 67f08c5cb4f..0be63e30a9c 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/chrono/ChronoLocalDateImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/chrono/ChronoLocalDateImpl.java
@@ -142,7 +142,8 @@
  * @param <D> the ChronoLocalDate of this date-time
  * @since 1.8
  */
-abstract class ChronoLocalDateImpl<D extends ChronoLocalDate>
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+abstract /*value*/ class ChronoLocalDateImpl<D extends ChronoLocalDate>
         implements ChronoLocalDate, Temporal, TemporalAdjuster, Serializable {
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/chrono/HijrahDate.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/chrono/HijrahDate.java
index 2d3e4f93e69..bdd3c0a25c1 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/chrono/HijrahDate.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/chrono/HijrahDate.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -105,11 +105,18 @@
  * to a new HijrahChronology.
  * <p>
  * This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
- * The {@code equals} method should be used for comparisons.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code HijrahDate} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @implSpec
  * This class is immutable and thread-safe.
@@ -117,7 +124,8 @@
  * @since 1.8
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class HijrahDate
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class HijrahDate
         extends ChronoLocalDateImpl<HijrahDate>
         implements ChronoLocalDate, Serializable {
 
@@ -656,6 +664,7 @@ public int hashCode() {
      * @throws InvalidObjectException always
      */
     @java.io.Serial
+    @SuppressWarnings("serial") // this method is not invoked for value classes
     private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s) throws InvalidObjectException {
         throw new InvalidObjectException("Deserialization via serialization delegate");
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/chrono/JapaneseDate.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/chrono/JapaneseDate.java
index d19504462b3..f81e81b43ba 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/chrono/JapaneseDate.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/chrono/JapaneseDate.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -112,11 +112,18 @@
  * {@code JapaneseChronology.ERA_HEISEI}.<br>
  * <p>
  * This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
- * The {@code equals} method should be used for comparisons.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code JapaneseDate} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @implSpec
  * This class is immutable and thread-safe.
@@ -124,7 +131,8 @@
  * @since 1.8
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class JapaneseDate
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class JapaneseDate
         extends ChronoLocalDateImpl<JapaneseDate>
         implements ChronoLocalDate, Serializable {
 
@@ -717,6 +725,7 @@ public int hashCode() {
      * @throws InvalidObjectException always
      */
     @java.io.Serial
+    @SuppressWarnings("serial") // this method is not invoked for value classes
     private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s) throws InvalidObjectException {
         throw new InvalidObjectException("Deserialization via serialization delegate");
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/chrono/MinguoDate.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/chrono/MinguoDate.java
index 5c5874af29d..6f08fc8bfff 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/chrono/MinguoDate.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/chrono/MinguoDate.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -92,11 +92,18 @@
  * Dates are aligned such that {@code 0001-01-01 (Minguo)} is {@code 1912-01-01 (ISO)}.
  * <p>
  * This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
- * The {@code equals} method should be used for comparisons.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code MinguoDate} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @implSpec
  * This class is immutable and thread-safe.
@@ -104,7 +111,8 @@
  * @since 1.8
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class MinguoDate
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class MinguoDate
         extends ChronoLocalDateImpl<MinguoDate>
         implements ChronoLocalDate, Serializable {
 
@@ -478,6 +486,7 @@ public int hashCode() {
      * @throws InvalidObjectException always
      */
     @java.io.Serial
+    @SuppressWarnings("serial") // this method is not invoked for value classes
     private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s) throws InvalidObjectException {
         throw new InvalidObjectException("Deserialization via serialization delegate");
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/chrono/ThaiBuddhistDate.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/chrono/ThaiBuddhistDate.java
index bc17c35ed63..dd69ecf5687 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/chrono/ThaiBuddhistDate.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/time/chrono/ThaiBuddhistDate.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -92,11 +92,18 @@
  * Dates are aligned such that {@code 2484-01-01 (Buddhist)} is {@code 1941-01-01 (ISO)}.
  * <p>
  * This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
- * The {@code equals} method should be used for comparisons.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code ThaiBuddhistDate} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @implSpec
  * This class is immutable and thread-safe.
@@ -104,7 +111,8 @@
  * @since 1.8
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class ThaiBuddhistDate
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class ThaiBuddhistDate
         extends ChronoLocalDateImpl<ThaiBuddhistDate>
         implements ChronoLocalDate, Serializable {
 
@@ -480,6 +488,7 @@ public int hashCode() {
      * @throws InvalidObjectException always
      */
     @java.io.Serial
+    @SuppressWarnings("serial") // this method is not invoked for value classes
     private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s) throws InvalidObjectException {
         throw new InvalidObjectException("Deserialization via serialization delegate");
     }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Arrays.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Arrays.java
index 1bba844f791..09592930bbb 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Arrays.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Arrays.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 package java.util;
 
 import jdk.internal.util.ArraysSupport;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.IntrinsicCandidate;
 
 import java.io.Serializable;
@@ -3504,12 +3505,19 @@ public static <T> T[] copyOf(T[] original, int newLength) {
      */
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     public static <T,U> T[] copyOf(U[] original, int newLength, Class<? extends T[]> newType) {
+        Class<?> componentType = newType.getComponentType();
+        Object tmp = null;
+        if (original.getClass() == newType && ValueClass.isConcreteValueClass(componentType)) {
+            tmp = ValueClass.copyOfSpecialArray((Object[])original, newLength);
+        } else {
+            tmp = ((Object)newType == (Object)Object[].class)
+                ? new Object[newLength]
+                : Array.newInstance(componentType, newLength);
+            System.arraycopy(original, 0, tmp, 0,
+                             Math.min(original.length, newLength));
+        }
         @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
-        T[] copy = ((Object)newType == (Object)Object[].class)
-            ? (T[]) new Object[newLength]
-            : (T[]) Array.newInstance(newType.getComponentType(), newLength);
-        System.arraycopy(original, 0, copy, 0,
-                         Math.min(original.length, newLength));
+        T[] copy = (T[])tmp;
         return copy;
     }
 
@@ -3803,12 +3811,19 @@ public static <T,U> T[] copyOfRange(U[] original, int from, int to, Class<? exte
         if (newLength < 0) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException(from + " > " + to);
         }
+        Class<?> componentType = newType.getComponentType();
+        Object tmp = null;
+        if (original.getClass() == newType && ValueClass.isConcreteValueClass(componentType)) {
+            tmp = ValueClass.copyOfRangeSpecialArray((Object[])original, from, to);
+        } else {
+            tmp = ((Object)newType == (Object)Object[].class)
+                    ? new Object[newLength]
+                    : Array.newInstance(componentType, newLength);
+            System.arraycopy(original, from, tmp, 0,
+                Math.min(original.length - from, newLength));
+        }
         @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
-        T[] copy = ((Object)newType == (Object)Object[].class)
-            ? (T[]) new Object[newLength]
-            : (T[]) Array.newInstance(newType.getComponentType(), newLength);
-        System.arraycopy(original, from, copy, 0,
-                         Math.min(original.length - from, newLength));
+        T[] copy = (T[])tmp;
         return copy;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/IdentityHashMap.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/IdentityHashMap.java
index 48a6d7b28df..939b1e3e554 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/IdentityHashMap.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/IdentityHashMap.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@
 
 /**
  * This class implements the {@code Map} interface with a hash table, using
- * reference-equality in place of object-equality when comparing keys (and
- * values).  In other words, in an {@code IdentityHashMap}, two keys
+ * {@code ==} in place of {@code .equals()} equality when comparing keys (and values).
+ * In other words, in an {@code IdentityHashMap}, two keys
  * {@code k1} and {@code k2} are considered equal if and only if
  * {@code (k1==k2)}.  (In normal {@code Map} implementations (like
  * {@code HashMap}) two keys {@code k1} and {@code k2} are considered equal
@@ -46,12 +46,20 @@
  * implementation!  While this class implements the {@code Map} interface, it
  * intentionally violates {@code Map's} general contract, which mandates the
  * use of the {@code equals} method when comparing objects.  This class is
- * designed for use only in the rare cases wherein reference-equality
- * semantics are required.</b>
+ * designed for use only in the rare cases wherein {@code ==} semantics are required.
+ * </b>
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, keys and values may be
+ *          {@linkplain java.util.Objects#hasIdentity value objects}.
+ *          Two value object keys are {@code ==} if they are instances
+ *          of the same class and the values of their instance fields are the same.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
- * <p>The view collections of this map also have reference-equality semantics
- * for their elements. See the {@link keySet() keySet}, {@link values() values},
- * and {@link entrySet() entrySet} methods for further information.
+ * <p>The view collections of this map also have {@code ==} equality semantics
+ * for their elements. See the {@link #keySet() keySet}, {@link #values() values},
+ * and {@link #entrySet() entrySet} methods for further information.
  *
  * <p>A typical use of this class is <i>topology-preserving object graph
  * transformations</i>, such as serialization or deep-copying.  To perform such
@@ -242,7 +250,7 @@ public IdentityHashMap(int expectedMaxSize) {
      * Returns the appropriate capacity for the given expected maximum size.
      * Returns the smallest power of two between MINIMUM_CAPACITY and
      * MAXIMUM_CAPACITY, inclusive, that is greater than (3 *
-     * expectedMaxSize)/2, if such a number exists.  Otherwise returns
+     * expectedMaxSize)/2, if such a number exists.  Otherwise, returns
      * MAXIMUM_CAPACITY.
      */
     private static int capacity(int expectedMaxSize) {
@@ -418,7 +426,7 @@ private boolean containsMapping(Object key, Object value) {
 
     /**
      * Associates the specified value with the specified key in this identity
-     * hash map. If this map already {@link containsKey(Object) contains}
+     * hash map. If this map already {@link #containsKey(Object) contains}
      * a mapping for the key, the old value is replaced, otherwise, a new mapping
      * is inserted into this map.
      *
@@ -506,7 +514,7 @@ private boolean resize(int newCapacity) {
     /**
      * Copies all of the mappings from the specified map to this map.
      * For each mapping in the specified map, if this map already
-     * {@link containsKey(Object) contains} a mapping for the key,
+     * {@link #containsKey(Object) contains} a mapping for the key,
      * its value is replaced with the value from the specified map;
      * otherwise, a new mapping is inserted into this map.
      *
@@ -645,7 +653,7 @@ public void clear() {
      * represent identical object-reference mappings.  More formally, this
      * map is equal to another map {@code m} if and only if
      * {@code this.entrySet().equals(m.entrySet())}. See the
-     * {@link entrySet() entrySet} method for the specification of equality
+     * {@link #entrySet() entrySet} method for the specification of equality
      * of this map's entries.
      *
      * <p><b>Owing to the reference-equality-based semantics of this map it is
@@ -682,7 +690,7 @@ public boolean equals(Object o) {
     /**
      * Returns the hash code value for this map.  The hash code of a map is
      * defined to be the sum of the hash codes of each entry of this map.
-     * See the {@link entrySet() entrySet} method for a specification of the
+     * See the {@link #entrySet() entrySet} method for a specification of the
      * hash code of this map's entries.
      *
      * <p>This specification ensures that {@code m1.equals(m2)}
@@ -1447,7 +1455,7 @@ public boolean replace(K key, V oldValue, V newValue) {
 
     /**
      * Similar form as array-based Spliterators, but skips blank elements,
-     * and guestimates size as decreasing by half per split.
+     * and guesstimates size as decreasing by half per split.
      */
     static class IdentityHashMapSpliterator<K,V> {
         final IdentityHashMap<K,V> map;
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Objects.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Objects.java
index d42a41915c9..f1e67e16a56 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Objects.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Objects.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2009, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2009, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 
 package java.util;
 
+import jdk.internal.javac.PreviewFeature;
 import jdk.internal.util.Preconditions;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.ForceInline;
 
@@ -158,6 +159,15 @@ public static String toString(Object o, String nullDefault) {
      * Object.toString} if that method and {@code hashCode} are not
      * overridden}
      *
+     * @apiNote
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     *          Note that, like ==, the hash code string exposes information about a value object's
+     *          private fields that might otherwise be hidden by an identity object.
+     *          Developers should be cautious about storing sensitive secrets in value object fields.
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
+     *
      * @implNote
      * This method constructs a string for an object without calling
      * any overridable methods of the object.
@@ -177,6 +187,118 @@ public static String toIdentityString(Object o) {
         return o.getClass().getName() + "@" + Integer.toHexString(System.identityHashCode(o));
     }
 
+    /**
+     * {@return {@code true} if the input is a non-null reference
+     * to an object with identity, and {@code false} otherwise}
+     *
+     * <p>If the object is an instance of a concrete {@linkplain Class#isValue()
+     * value class}, it does not have identity and the result will be
+     * {@code false}. All other objects, including arrays, are identity objects
+     * and the result will be {@code true}.
+     *
+     * <p>This method returns {@code false} if and only if the parameter is
+     * {@code null} or if the parameter represents a value object when preview
+     * features are enabled.  All objects are identity objects when preview
+     * features are disabled; consequently, this method behaves the same as
+     * {@link #nonNull Objects.nonNull} when preview features are disabled.
+     *
+     * @apiNote
+     * If the parameter is {@code null}, there is no object
+     * and hence no identity; the result is {@code false}.
+     * To test for a value object use:
+     * {@snippet type="java" :
+     *     if (obj != null && !Objects.hasIdentity(obj)) {
+     *         // obj is a non-null value object
+     *     }
+     * }
+     * @param obj an object or {@code null}
+     * @since 28
+     */
+    @PreviewFeature(feature = PreviewFeature.Feature.VALUE_OBJECTS, reflective=true)
+    public static boolean hasIdentity(Object obj) {
+        return (obj == null) ? false : !obj.getClass().isValue();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks that the specified object reference is an identity object.
+     * <p>
+     * This method throws an {@code IdentityException} if and only if the
+     * parameter represents a value object when preview features are enabled.
+     * All objects are identity objects when preview features are disabled;
+     * consequently, this method behaves the same as {@link #requireNonNull(Object)
+     * Objects.requireNonNull} when preview features are disabled.
+     *
+     * @param obj the object reference to check for identity
+     * @param <T> the type of the reference
+     * @return {@code obj} if {@code obj} is an identity object
+     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code obj} is {@code null}
+     * @throws IdentityException if {@code obj} is not an identity object
+     * @since 28
+     */
+    @PreviewFeature(feature = PreviewFeature.Feature.VALUE_OBJECTS, reflective = true)
+    @ForceInline
+    public static <T> T requireIdentity(T obj) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(obj);
+        if (!hasIdentity(obj))
+            throw new IdentityException(obj.getClass().getName() + " is not an identity class");
+        return obj;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks that the specified object reference is an identity object.
+     * <p>
+     * This method throws an {@code IdentityException} if and only if the
+     * parameter represents a value object when preview features are enabled.
+     * All objects are identity objects when preview features are disabled;
+     * consequently, this method behaves the same as {@link #requireNonNull(Object, String)
+     * Objects.requireNonNull} when preview features are disabled.
+     *
+     * @param obj the object reference to check for identity
+     * @param message detail message to be used in the event that an
+     *        {@code IdentityException} is thrown; may be null
+     * @param <T> the type of the reference
+     * @return {@code obj} if {@code obj} is an identity object
+     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code obj} is {@code null}
+     * @throws IdentityException if {@code obj} is not an identity object
+     * @since 28
+     */
+    @PreviewFeature(feature = PreviewFeature.Feature.VALUE_OBJECTS, reflective = true)
+    @ForceInline
+    public static <T> T requireIdentity(T obj, String message) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(obj);
+        if (!hasIdentity(obj))
+            throw new IdentityException(message);
+        return obj;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks that the specified object reference is an identity object.
+     * <p>
+     * This method throws an {@code IdentityException} if and only if the
+     * parameter represents a value object when preview features are enabled.
+     * All objects are identity objects when preview features are disabled;
+     * consequently, this method behaves the same as {@link #requireNonNull(Object, Supplier)
+     * Objects.requireNonNull} when preview features are disabled.
+     *
+     * @param obj the object reference to check for identity
+     * @param messageSupplier supplier of the detail message to be
+     *        used in the event that an {@code IdentityException} is thrown; may be null
+     * @param <T> the type of the reference
+     * @return {@code obj} if {@code obj} is an identity object
+     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code obj} is {@code null}
+     * @throws IdentityException if {@code obj} is not an identity object
+     * @since 28
+     */
+    @PreviewFeature(feature = PreviewFeature.Feature.VALUE_OBJECTS, reflective = true)
+    @ForceInline
+    public static <T> T requireIdentity(T obj, Supplier<String> messageSupplier) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(obj);
+        if (!hasIdentity(obj))
+            throw new IdentityException(messageSupplier == null ?
+                    null : messageSupplier.get());
+        return obj;
+    }
+
     /**
      * {@return 0 if the arguments are identical and {@code
      * c.compare(a, b)} otherwise}
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Optional.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Optional.java
index 3d0375c4354..97795353ed4 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Optional.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Optional.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -46,10 +46,18 @@
  * action if a value is present).
  *
  * <p>This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code Optional} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @apiNote
  * {@code Optional} is primarily intended for use as a method return type where
@@ -63,7 +71,8 @@
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
 @TrustFinalFields
-public final class Optional<T> {
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class Optional<T> {
     /**
      * Common instance for {@code empty()}.
      */
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/OptionalDouble.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/OptionalDouble.java
index 752aaac1e54..42528b2ca61 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/OptionalDouble.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/OptionalDouble.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -42,10 +42,18 @@
  * an action if a value is present).
  *
  * <p>This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code OptionalDouble} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @apiNote
  * {@code OptionalDouble} is primarily intended for use as a method return type where
@@ -56,7 +64,8 @@
  * @since 1.8
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class OptionalDouble {
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class OptionalDouble {
     /**
      * Common instance for {@code empty()}.
      */
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/OptionalInt.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/OptionalInt.java
index c1e62090c25..207a80f78fc 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/OptionalInt.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/OptionalInt.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -42,10 +42,18 @@
  * action if a value is present).
  *
  * <p>This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code OptionalInt} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @apiNote
  * {@code OptionalInt} is primarily intended for use as a method return type where
@@ -56,7 +64,8 @@
  * @since 1.8
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class OptionalInt {
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class OptionalInt {
     /**
      * Common instance for {@code empty()}.
      */
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/OptionalLong.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/OptionalLong.java
index 2c1171f86e9..38c13f692b7 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/OptionalLong.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/OptionalLong.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -42,10 +42,18 @@
  * action if a value is present).
  *
  * <p>This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
- * class; programmers should treat instances that are
- * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
- * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
- * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
+ * class; programmers should treat instances that are {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}
+ * as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization or
+ * with {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references}.
+ *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          When preview features are enabled, {@code OptionalLong} is a {@linkplain Class#isValue value class}.
+ *          Use of value class instances for synchronization or with
+ *          {@linkplain java.lang.ref.Reference object references} result in
+ *          {@link IdentityException}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  *
  * @apiNote
  * {@code OptionalLong} is primarily intended for use as a method return type where
@@ -56,7 +64,8 @@
  * @since 1.8
  */
 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
-public final class OptionalLong {
+// See doc/value-class-preview.md for an overview of value class generation
+public final /*value*/ class OptionalLong {
     /**
      * Common instance for {@code empty()}.
      */
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/WeakHashMap.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/WeakHashMap.java
index 1412d8f6ff9..25c3b75b89e 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/WeakHashMap.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/WeakHashMap.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -43,6 +43,18 @@
  * so this class behaves somewhat differently from other {@code Map}
  * implementations.
  *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ *          {@linkplain java.util.Objects#hasIdentity Value objects} can not be used as
+ *          keys in a {@code WeakHashMap}. The {@link #put(Object, Object) put(K, V)}
+ *          method, and all methods that associate a value with a key, throw {@link
+ *          IdentityException} if the key is a value object.
+ *          The {@link WeakHashMap#WeakHashMap(Map)} constructor and the {@link
+ *          #putAll(Map)} method also throw {@code IdentityException} if invoked with
+ *          a {@code Map} containing a key that is a value object.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
+ *
  * <p> Both null values and the null key are supported. This class has
  * performance characteristics similar to those of the {@code HashMap}
  * class, and has the same efficiency parameters of <em>initial capacity</em>
@@ -87,14 +99,14 @@
  * removed only after the weak references to it, both inside and outside of the
  * map, have been cleared by the garbage collector.
  *
- * <p> <strong>Implementation note:</strong> The value objects in a
+ * <p> <strong>Implementation note:</strong> The values in a
  * {@code WeakHashMap} are held by ordinary strong references.  Thus care
- * should be taken to ensure that value objects do not strongly refer to their
+ * should be taken to ensure that values do not strongly refer to their
  * own keys, either directly or indirectly, since that will prevent the keys
- * from being discarded.  Note that a value object may refer indirectly to its
- * key via the {@code WeakHashMap} itself; that is, a value object may
- * strongly refer to some other key object whose associated value object, in
- * turn, strongly refers to the key of the first value object.  If the values
+ * from being discarded.  Note that a value may refer indirectly to its
+ * key via the {@code WeakHashMap} itself; that is, a value may
+ * strongly refer to some other key object whose associated value, in
+ * turn, strongly refers to the key of the first value.  If the values
  * in the map do not rely on the map holding strong references to them, one way
  * to deal with this is to wrap values themselves within
  * {@code WeakReferences} before
@@ -254,6 +266,8 @@ public WeakHashMap() {
      *
      * @param   m the map whose mappings are to be placed in this map
      * @throws  NullPointerException if the specified map is null
+     * @throws  IdentityException if any of the keys in the specified map
+     *          is a value object
      * @since   1.3
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("this-escape")
@@ -288,6 +302,8 @@ static Object unmaskNull(Object key) {
     /**
      * Checks for equality of non-null reference x and possibly-null y.  By
      * default uses Object.equals.
+     * The key may be a value object, but it will never be equal to the referent
+     * so does not need a separate Objects.hasIdentity check.
      */
     private boolean matchesKey(Entry<K,V> e, Object key) {
         // check if the given entry refers to the given key without
@@ -456,9 +472,12 @@ Entry<K,V> getEntry(Object key) {
      *         {@code null} if there was no mapping for {@code key}.
      *         (A {@code null} return can also indicate that the map
      *         previously associated {@code null} with {@code key}.)
+     * @throws IdentityException if {@code key} is a {@link
+     *         java.util.Objects#hasIdentity(Object) value object}
      */
     public V put(@jdk.internal.RequiresIdentity K key, V value) {
         Object k = maskNull(key);
+        Objects.requireIdentity(k);
         int h = hash(k);
         Entry<K,V>[] tab = getTable();
         int i = indexFor(h, tab.length);
@@ -546,8 +565,15 @@ private void transfer(Entry<K,V>[] src, Entry<K,V>[] dest) {
      * These mappings will replace any mappings that this map had for any
      * of the keys currently in the specified map.
      *
+     * @apiNote If the specified map contains keys that are
+     * {@linkplain java.util.Objects#hasIdentity value objects},
+     * an {@linkplain IdentityException} is thrown when the first value object
+     * key is encountered. Zero or more mappings may have already been copied to
+     * this map.
+     *
      * @param m mappings to be stored in this map.
      * @throws  NullPointerException if the specified map is null.
+     * @throws  IdentityException if any of the {@code keys} is a value object
      */
     public void putAll(Map<? extends K, ? extends V> m) {
         int numKeysToBeAdded = m.size();
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/access/JavaLangAccess.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/access/JavaLangAccess.java
index 9d980c3ba3b..7321cf523d9 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/access/JavaLangAccess.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/access/JavaLangAccess.java
@@ -124,12 +124,6 @@ public interface JavaLangAccess {
      */
     <E extends Enum<E>> E[] getEnumConstantsShared(Class<E> klass);
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the big-endian packed minor-major version of the class file
-     * of this class.
-     */
-    int classFileVersion(Class<?> clazz);
-
     /**
      * Set current thread's blocker field.
      */
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/access/JavaLangReflectAccess.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/access/JavaLangReflectAccess.java
index 965bac67f45..02aa118e13a 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/access/JavaLangReflectAccess.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/access/JavaLangReflectAccess.java
@@ -64,6 +64,9 @@ public interface JavaLangReflectAccess {
     /** Tests if this is a trusted final field */
     public boolean isTrustedFinalField(Field f);
 
+    /** Tests if this is a null-restricted field */
+    public boolean isNullRestrictedField(Field f);
+
     /** Returns a new instance created by the given constructor with access check */
     public <T> T newInstance(Constructor<T> ctor, Object[] args, Class<?> caller)
         throws IllegalAccessException, InstantiationException, InvocationTargetException;
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractAttributeMapper.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractAttributeMapper.java
index 648582b8a7d..5f4357a225c 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractAttributeMapper.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractAttributeMapper.java
@@ -311,6 +311,24 @@ protected void writeBody(BufWriter bufWriter, LineNumberTableAttribute attr) {
         }
     }
 
+    public static final class LoadableDescriptorsMapper extends AbstractAttributeMapper<LoadableDescriptorsAttribute> {
+        public static final LoadableDescriptorsMapper INSTANCE = new LoadableDescriptorsMapper();
+
+        private LoadableDescriptorsMapper() {
+            super(NAME_LOADABLE_DESCRIPTORS, AttributeStability.CP_REFS);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public LoadableDescriptorsAttribute readAttribute(AttributedElement e, ClassReader cf, int p) {
+            return new BoundAttribute.BoundLoadableDescriptorsAttribute(cf, this, p);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void writeBody(BufWriter buf, LoadableDescriptorsAttribute attr) {
+            Util.writeListIndices(buf, attr.loadableDescriptors());
+        }
+    }
+
     public static final class LocalVariableTableMapper extends AbstractAttributeMapper<LocalVariableTableAttribute> {
         public static final LocalVariableTableMapper INSTANCE = new LocalVariableTableMapper();
 
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AccessFlagsImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AccessFlagsImpl.java
index c290dd438c5..a41181cec4f 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AccessFlagsImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AccessFlagsImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,25 +25,48 @@
 package jdk.internal.classfile.impl;
 
 import java.lang.classfile.AccessFlags;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
 import java.lang.reflect.AccessFlag;
+import java.lang.reflect.ClassFileFormatVersion;
 import java.util.Set;
 
+import jdk.internal.misc.VM;
+import jdk.internal.reflect.PreviewAccessFlags;
+
 public final class AccessFlagsImpl extends AbstractElement
         implements AccessFlags {
 
     private final AccessFlag.Location location;
     private final int flagsMask;
+    private final ClassFileFormatVersion formatVersion; // null for preview
     private Set<AccessFlag> flags;
 
     public AccessFlagsImpl(AccessFlag.Location location, AccessFlag... flags) {
         this.location = location;
         this.flagsMask = Util.flagsToBits(location, flags);
         this.flags = Set.of(flags);
+        this.formatVersion = ClassFileFormatVersion.latest();
     }
 
     public AccessFlagsImpl(AccessFlag.Location location, int mask) {
+        this(location, mask, ClassFileFormatVersion.latest());
+    }
+
+    public AccessFlagsImpl(AccessFlag.Location location, int mask, int version) {
+        int major = version & 0xFFFF;
+        int minor = version >>> Character.SIZE;
+
+        ClassFileFormatVersion cffv = major == ClassFile.latestMajorVersion() && minor == ClassFile.PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION
+                ? null // Current preview features
+                : VM.isSupportedClassFileVersion(major, minor) ? ClassFileFormatVersion.fromMajor(major)
+                                                               : ClassFileFormatVersion.latest(); // Fallback
+        this(location, mask, cffv);
+    }
+
+    private AccessFlagsImpl(AccessFlag.Location location, int mask, ClassFileFormatVersion version) {
         this.location = location;
         this.flagsMask = Util.checkFlags(mask);
+        this.formatVersion = version;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -54,7 +77,8 @@ public int flagsMask() {
     @Override
     public Set<AccessFlag> flags() {
         if (flags == null)
-            flags = AccessFlag.maskToAccessFlags(flagsMask, location);
+            flags = formatVersion == null ? PreviewAccessFlags.maskToAccessFlags(flagsMask, location)
+                                          : AccessFlag.maskToAccessFlags(flagsMask, location, formatVersion);
         return flags;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/BoundAttribute.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/BoundAttribute.java
index 2027d94b2a8..bb5bc90e9ec 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/BoundAttribute.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/BoundAttribute.java
@@ -206,7 +206,8 @@ public BoundStackMapTableAttribute(CodeImpl code, ClassReader cf, AttributeMappe
         @Override
         public List<StackMapFrameInfo> entries() {
             if (entries == null) {
-                entries = new StackMapDecoder(classReader, payloadStart, ctx, StackMapDecoder.initFrameLocals(method)).entries();
+                entries = new StackMapDecoder(classReader, payloadStart, ctx, StackMapDecoder.initFrameLocals(method),
+                        StackMapDecoder.initFrameUnsets(method)).entries();
             }
             return entries;
         }
@@ -944,6 +945,23 @@ public List<ClassEntry> permittedSubclasses() {
         }
     }
 
+    public static final class BoundLoadableDescriptorsAttribute extends BoundAttribute<LoadableDescriptorsAttribute>
+            implements LoadableDescriptorsAttribute {
+        private List<Utf8Entry> loadableDescriptors = null;
+
+        public BoundLoadableDescriptorsAttribute(ClassReader cf, AttributeMapper<LoadableDescriptorsAttribute> mapper, int pos) {
+            super(cf, mapper, pos);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public List<Utf8Entry> loadableDescriptors() {
+            if (loadableDescriptors == null) {
+                loadableDescriptors = readEntryList(payloadStart, Utf8Entry.class);
+            }
+            return loadableDescriptors;
+        }
+    }
+
     public abstract static sealed class BoundCodeAttribute
             extends BoundAttribute<CodeAttribute>
             implements CodeAttribute
@@ -1023,6 +1041,8 @@ public static AttributeMapper<?> standardAttribute(Utf8Entry name) {
                 name.equalsString(NAME_INNER_CLASSES) ? innerClasses() : null;
             case 0x653f0551 ->
                 name.equalsString(NAME_LINE_NUMBER_TABLE) ? lineNumberTable() : null;
+           case 0x5f348b64 ->
+                name.equalsString(NAME_LOADABLE_DESCRIPTORS) ? loadableDescriptors() : null;
             case 0x64c75927 ->
                 name.equalsString(NAME_LOCAL_VARIABLE_TABLE) ? localVariableTable() : null;
             case 0x6697f98d ->
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/BufWriterImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/BufWriterImpl.java
index 6daef5cab9a..f8ec3c76d3a 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/BufWriterImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/BufWriterImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2024, Alibaba Group Holding Limited. All Rights Reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -26,17 +26,20 @@
 package jdk.internal.classfile.impl;
 
 import java.lang.classfile.BufWriter;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassModel;
 import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.ClassEntry;
 import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.ConstantPool;
 import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.ConstantPoolBuilder;
 import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.PoolEntry;
 import java.lang.runtime.ExactConversionsSupport;
 import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.HashSet;
 
 import jdk.internal.access.JavaLangAccess;
 import jdk.internal.access.SharedSecrets;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.ForceInline;
 
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.*;
 import static java.lang.classfile.constantpool.PoolEntry.TAG_UTF8;
 import static jdk.internal.util.ModifiedUtf.putChar;
 import static jdk.internal.util.ModifiedUtf.utfLen;
@@ -47,6 +50,9 @@ public final class BufWriterImpl implements BufWriter {
     private final ConstantPoolBuilder constantPool;
     private final ClassFileImpl context;
     private LabelContext labelContext;
+    private WritableField.UnsetField[] strictInstanceFields; // do not modify array contents
+    private ClassModel lastStrictCheckClass; // buf writer has short life, so do not need weak here
+    private boolean lastStrictCheckResult;
     private boolean labelsMatch;
     private final ClassEntry thisClass;
     private final int majorVersion;
@@ -69,6 +75,32 @@ public BufWriterImpl(ConstantPoolBuilder constantPool, ClassFileImpl context, in
         this.majorVersion = majorVersion;
     }
 
+    public boolean strictFieldsMatch(ClassModel cm) {
+        // We have a cache because this check will be called multiple times
+        // if a MethodModel is sent wholesale
+        if (lastStrictCheckClass == cm) {
+            return lastStrictCheckResult;
+        }
+
+        var result = doStrictFieldsMatchCheck(cm);
+        lastStrictCheckClass = cm;
+        lastStrictCheckResult = result;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private boolean doStrictFieldsMatchCheck(ClassModel cm) {
+        // UTF8 Entry can be used as equality objects
+        var checks = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(getStrictInstanceFields()));
+        for (var f : cm.fields()) {
+            if ((f.flags().flagsMask() & (ACC_STATIC | ACC_STRICT_INIT)) == ACC_STRICT_INIT) {
+                if (!checks.remove(new WritableField.UnsetField(f.fieldName(), f.fieldType()))) {
+                    return false; // Field mismatch!
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return checks.isEmpty();
+    }
+
     @Override
     public ConstantPoolBuilder constantPool() {
         return constantPool;
@@ -83,6 +115,17 @@ public void setLabelContext(LabelContext labelContext, boolean labelsMatch) {
         this.labelsMatch = labelsMatch;
     }
 
+    // Always empty for older majors where STRICT_INIT was not defined
+    public WritableField.UnsetField[] getStrictInstanceFields() {
+        assert strictInstanceFields != null : "should access only after setter call in DirectClassBuilder";
+        return strictInstanceFields;
+    }
+
+    public void setStrictInstanceFields(WritableField.UnsetField[] strictInstanceFields) {
+        this.strictInstanceFields = strictInstanceFields;
+    }
+
+
     public boolean labelsMatch(LabelContext lc) {
         return labelsMatch
                 && labelContext instanceof DirectCodeBuilder dcb
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassImpl.java
index 2e5c2c24651..b575ce613f8 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ public int classfileLength() {
 
     @Override
     public AccessFlags flags() {
-        return new AccessFlagsImpl(AccessFlag.Location.CLASS, reader.flags());
+        return new AccessFlagsImpl(AccessFlag.Location.CLASS, reader.flags(), reader.classFileVersion());
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassPrinterImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassPrinterImpl.java
index 8a44890fe66..994d9891e22 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassPrinterImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassPrinterImpl.java
@@ -939,6 +939,9 @@ private static Node[] attributesToTree(List<Attribute<?>> attributes, Verbosity
                 case PermittedSubclassesAttribute psa ->
                     nodes.add(list("permitted subclasses", "subclass", psa.permittedSubclasses().stream()
                             .map(e -> e.name().stringValue())));
+                case LoadableDescriptorsAttribute pa ->
+                    nodes.add(list("loadable descriptors", "descriptor", pa.loadableDescriptors().stream()
+                            .map(e -> e.stringValue())));
                 default -> {}
             }
             if (verbosity == Verbosity.TRACE_ALL) switch (attr) {
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassReaderImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassReaderImpl.java
index d325100febf..64d74d45344 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassReaderImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassReaderImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ public final class ClassReaderImpl
     private final int metadataStart;
     private final int classfileLength;
     private final Function<Utf8Entry, AttributeMapper<?>> attributeMapper;
+    private final int version;
     private final int flags;
     private final int thisClassPos;
     private ClassEntry thisClass;
@@ -73,9 +74,11 @@ public final class ClassReaderImpl
         if (classfileLength < 4 || readInt(0) != 0xCAFEBABE) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Bad magic number");
         }
-        if (readU2(6) > ClassFile.latestMajorVersion()) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported class file version: " + readU2(6));
+        int version = readInt(4);
+        if ((version & 0xFFFF) > ClassFile.latestMajorVersion()) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported class file version: " + version);
         }
+        this.version = version;
         int constantPoolCount = readU2(8);
         int[] cpOffset = new int[constantPoolCount];
         int p = CP_ITEM_START;
@@ -155,6 +158,10 @@ public int thisClassPos() {
         return thisClassPos;
     }
 
+    public int classFileVersion() {
+        return version;
+    }
+
     @Override
     public int classfileLength() {
         return classfileLength;
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassRemapperImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassRemapperImpl.java
index 921255d5398..a52dd82e3a8 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassRemapperImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassRemapperImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -84,6 +84,10 @@ public void accept(ClassBuilder clb, ClassElement cle) {
                 clb.with(PermittedSubclassesAttribute.ofSymbols(
                         psa.permittedSubclasses().stream().map(ps ->
                                 map(ps.asSymbol())).toList()));
+            case LoadableDescriptorsAttribute pa ->
+                clb.with(LoadableDescriptorsAttribute.ofSymbols(
+                        pa.loadableDescriptorSymbols().stream()
+                                .map(this::map).toList()));
             case RuntimeVisibleAnnotationsAttribute aa ->
                 clb.with(RuntimeVisibleAnnotationsAttribute.of(
                         mapAnnotations(aa.annotations())));
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/CodeImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/CodeImpl.java
index e4480d740bd..394e71cb417 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/CodeImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/CodeImpl.java
@@ -143,11 +143,12 @@ public List<Attribute<?>> attributes() {
 
     @Override
     public void writeTo(BufWriterImpl buf) {
-        if (buf.canWriteDirect(classReader)) {
+        var methodInfo = (MethodInfo) enclosingMethod;
+        if (Util.canSkipMethodInflation(classReader, methodInfo, buf)) {
             super.writeTo(buf);
         }
         else {
-            DirectCodeBuilder.build((MethodInfo) enclosingMethod,
+            DirectCodeBuilder.build(methodInfo,
                                     Util.writingAll(this),
                                     (SplitConstantPool)buf.constantPool(),
                                     buf.context(),
@@ -301,8 +302,15 @@ else if (frameType <= SAME_LOCALS_1_STACK_ITEM_FRAME_END) {
                 offsetDelta = frameType & 0x3f;
                 p = adjustForObjectOrUninitialized(p + 1);
             }
-            else
+            else {
                 switch (frameType) {
+                    case EARLY_LARVAL -> {
+                        int numberOfUnsetFields = classReader.readU2(p + 1);
+                        p += 3;
+                        p += 2 * numberOfUnsetFields;
+                        i--; // one more enclosed frame
+                        continue;
+                    }
                     case SAME_LOCALS_1_STACK_ITEM_EXTENDED -> {
                         offsetDelta = classReader.readU2(p + 1);
                         p = adjustForObjectOrUninitialized(p + 3);
@@ -335,6 +343,7 @@ else if (frameType <= SAME_LOCALS_1_STACK_ITEM_FRAME_END) {
                     }
                     default -> throw new IllegalArgumentException("Bad frame type: " + frameType);
                 }
+            }
             bci += offsetDelta + 1;
             inflateLabel(bci);
         }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/DirectClassBuilder.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/DirectClassBuilder.java
index 79c623bc31d..844f791e9fe 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/DirectClassBuilder.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/DirectClassBuilder.java
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.function.Consumer;
 
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION;
 import static java.util.Objects.requireNonNull;
 
 public final class DirectClassBuilder
@@ -44,9 +45,10 @@ public final class DirectClassBuilder
     /** The value of default class access flags */
     static final int DEFAULT_CLASS_FLAGS = ClassFile.ACC_PUBLIC | ClassFile.ACC_SUPER;
     static final Util.Writable[] EMPTY_WRITABLE_ARRAY = {};
+    static final WritableField[] EMPTY_WRITABLE_FIELD_ARRAY = {};
     static final ClassEntry[] EMPTY_CLASS_ENTRY_ARRAY = {};
     final ClassEntry thisClassEntry;
-    private Util.Writable[] fields = EMPTY_WRITABLE_ARRAY;
+    private WritableField[] fields = EMPTY_WRITABLE_FIELD_ARRAY;
     private Util.Writable[] methods = EMPTY_WRITABLE_ARRAY;
     private int fieldsCount = 0;
     private int methodsCount = 0;
@@ -129,7 +131,7 @@ public ClassBuilder transformMethod(MethodModel method, MethodTransform transfor
 
     // internal / for use by elements
 
-    ClassBuilder withField(Util.Writable field) {
+    ClassBuilder withField(WritableField field) {
         if (fieldsCount >= fields.length) {
             int newCapacity = fieldsCount + 8;
             this.fields = Arrays.copyOf(fields, newCapacity);
@@ -194,6 +196,13 @@ else if ((flags & ClassFile.ACC_MODULE) == 0 && !"java/lang/Object".equals(thisC
         // The tail consists of fields and methods, and attributes
         // This should trigger all the CP/BSM mutation
         Util.writeList(tail, fields, fieldsCount);
+        WritableField.UnsetField[] strictInstanceFields;
+        if (minorVersion == PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION && majorVersion >= Util.VALUE_OBJECTS_MAJOR) {
+            strictInstanceFields = WritableField.filterStrictInstanceFields(constantPool, fields, fieldsCount);
+        } else {
+            strictInstanceFields = WritableField.UnsetField.EMPTY_ARRAY;
+        }
+        tail.setStrictInstanceFields(strictInstanceFields);
         Util.writeList(tail, methods, methodsCount);
         int attributesOffset = tail.size();
         attributes.writeTo(tail);
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/DirectCodeBuilder.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/DirectCodeBuilder.java
index 22a5024578b..8d2ca45cca6 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/DirectCodeBuilder.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/DirectCodeBuilder.java
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@
 import java.util.function.Consumer;
 import java.util.function.Function;
 
+import static java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs.INIT_NAME;
 import static java.util.Objects.requireNonNull;
 import static jdk.internal.classfile.impl.BytecodeHelpers.*;
 import static jdk.internal.classfile.impl.RawBytecodeHelper.*;
@@ -375,7 +376,7 @@ public void writeBody(BufWriterImpl buf) {
                             dcb.methodInfo.methodTypeSymbol().displayDescriptor()));
                 }
 
-                boolean codeMatch = dcb.original != null && codeAndExceptionsMatch(codeLength);
+                boolean codeMatch = dcb.codeAndExceptionsMatch(codeLength, buf);
                 buf.setLabelContext(dcb, codeMatch);
                 var context = dcb.context;
                 if (context.stackMapsWhenRequired()) {
@@ -454,7 +455,7 @@ public Utf8Entry attributeName() {
         }
     }
 
-    private boolean codeAndExceptionsMatch(int codeLength) {
+    private boolean codeAndExceptionsMatch(int codeLength, BufWriterImpl buf) {
         boolean codeAttributesMatch;
         if (original instanceof CodeImpl cai && canWriteDirect(cai.constantPool())) {
             codeAttributesMatch = cai.codeLength == curPc()
@@ -464,6 +465,22 @@ private boolean codeAndExceptionsMatch(int codeLength) {
                 writeExceptionHandlers(bw);
                 codeAttributesMatch = cai.classReader.compare(bw, 0, cai.exceptionHandlerPos, bw.size());
             }
+
+            if (codeAttributesMatch) {
+                var thisIsConstructor = methodInfo.methodName().equalsString(INIT_NAME);
+                var originalIsConstructor = cai.enclosingMethod.methodName().equalsString(INIT_NAME);
+                if (thisIsConstructor || originalIsConstructor) {
+                    if (thisIsConstructor != originalIsConstructor) {
+                        codeAttributesMatch = false;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (codeAttributesMatch && thisIsConstructor) {
+                    if (!buf.strictFieldsMatch(cai.classReader.getContainedClass())) {
+                        codeAttributesMatch = false;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
         }
         else
             codeAttributesMatch = false;
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/DirectFieldBuilder.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/DirectFieldBuilder.java
index 8dae9665f83..8089e8e5116 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/DirectFieldBuilder.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/DirectFieldBuilder.java
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 
 public final class DirectFieldBuilder
         extends AbstractDirectBuilder<FieldModel>
-        implements TerminalFieldBuilder, Util.Writable {
+        implements TerminalFieldBuilder, WritableField {
     private final Utf8Entry name;
     private final Utf8Entry desc;
     private int flags;
@@ -84,4 +84,20 @@ public void writeTo(BufWriterImpl buf) {
         buf.writeU2U2U2(flags, buf.cpIndex(name), buf.cpIndex(desc));
         attributes.writeTo(buf);
     }
+
+    // These values must only be accessed after the field is definitely configured
+    @Override
+    public Utf8Entry fieldName() {
+        return name;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Utf8Entry fieldType() {
+        return desc;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int fieldFlags() {
+        return flags;
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/FieldImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/FieldImpl.java
index a322c08a55a..626ed6a80b7 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/FieldImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/FieldImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -38,13 +38,13 @@
 
 public final class FieldImpl
         extends AbstractElement
-        implements FieldModel, Util.Writable {
+        implements FieldModel, WritableField {
 
-    private final ClassReader reader;
+    private final ClassReaderImpl reader;
     private final int startPos, endPos, attributesPos;
     private List<Attribute<?>> attributes;
 
-    public FieldImpl(ClassReader reader, int startPos, int endPos, int attributesPos) {
+    public FieldImpl(ClassReaderImpl reader, int startPos, int endPos, int attributesPos) {
         this.reader = reader;
         this.startPos = startPos;
         this.endPos = endPos;
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ public FieldImpl(ClassReader reader, int startPos, int endPos, int attributesPos
 
     @Override
     public AccessFlags flags() {
-        return new AccessFlagsImpl(AccessFlag.Location.FIELD, reader.readU2(startPos));
+        return new AccessFlagsImpl(AccessFlag.Location.FIELD, fieldFlags(), reader.classFileVersion());
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -74,6 +74,11 @@ public Utf8Entry fieldType() {
         return reader.readEntry(startPos + 4, Utf8Entry.class);
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public int fieldFlags() {
+        return reader.readU2(startPos);
+    }
+
     @Override
     public List<Attribute<?>> attributes() {
         if (attributes == null) {
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/MethodImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/MethodImpl.java
index 10341f79135..d8e9776f1f9 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/MethodImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/MethodImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,12 +36,12 @@ public final class MethodImpl
         extends AbstractElement
         implements MethodModel, MethodInfo, Util.Writable {
 
-    private final ClassReader reader;
+    private final ClassReaderImpl reader;
     private final int startPos, endPos, attributesPos;
     private List<Attribute<?>> attributes;
     private int[] parameterSlots;
 
-    public MethodImpl(ClassReader reader, int startPos, int endPos, int attrStart) {
+    public MethodImpl(ClassReaderImpl reader, int startPos, int endPos, int attrStart) {
         this.reader = reader;
         this.startPos = startPos;
         this.endPos = endPos;
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public MethodImpl(ClassReader reader, int startPos, int endPos, int attrStart) {
 
     @Override
     public AccessFlags flags() {
-        return new AccessFlagsImpl(AccessFlag.Location.METHOD, reader.readU2(startPos));
+        return new AccessFlagsImpl(AccessFlag.Location.METHOD, reader.readU2(startPos), reader.classFileVersion());
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ public List<Attribute<?>> attributes() {
 
     @Override
     public void writeTo(BufWriterImpl buf) {
-        if (buf.canWriteDirect(reader)) {
+        if (Util.canSkipMethodInflation(reader, this, buf)) {
             reader.copyBytesTo(buf, startPos, endPos - startPos);
         }
         else {
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/StackMapDecoder.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/StackMapDecoder.java
index d8e24cd2b70..48e254f9e00 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/StackMapDecoder.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/StackMapDecoder.java
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 package jdk.internal.classfile.impl;
 
 import java.lang.classfile.BufWriter;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassModel;
 import java.lang.classfile.ClassReader;
 import java.lang.classfile.Label;
 import java.lang.classfile.MethodModel;
@@ -35,15 +36,21 @@
 import java.lang.classfile.attribute.StackMapFrameInfo.UninitializedVerificationTypeInfo;
 import java.lang.classfile.attribute.StackMapFrameInfo.VerificationTypeInfo;
 import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.ClassEntry;
+import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.NameAndTypeEntry;
+import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.PoolEntry;
+import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.Utf8Entry;
 import java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs;
 import java.lang.constant.MethodTypeDesc;
 import java.lang.reflect.AccessFlag;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Comparator;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Objects;
 
-import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.ACC_STATIC;
+import jdk.internal.access.SharedSecrets;
+
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.*;
 import static java.util.Objects.requireNonNull;
 import static jdk.internal.classfile.impl.StackMapGenerator.*;
 
@@ -55,13 +62,16 @@ public class StackMapDecoder {
     private final int pos;
     private final LabelContext ctx;
     private final List<VerificationTypeInfo> initFrameLocals;
+    private final List<NameAndTypeEntry> initFrameUnsets;
     private int p;
 
-    StackMapDecoder(ClassReader classReader, int pos, LabelContext ctx, List<VerificationTypeInfo> initFrameLocals) {
+    StackMapDecoder(ClassReader classReader, int pos, LabelContext ctx, List<VerificationTypeInfo> initFrameLocals,
+                    List<NameAndTypeEntry> initFrameUnsets) {
         this.classReader = classReader;
         this.pos = pos;
         this.ctx = ctx;
         this.initFrameLocals = initFrameLocals;
+        this.initFrameUnsets = initFrameUnsets;
     }
 
     static List<VerificationTypeInfo> initFrameLocals(MethodModel method) {
@@ -98,6 +108,35 @@ public static List<VerificationTypeInfo> initFrameLocals(ClassEntry thisClass, S
         return List.of(vtis);
     }
 
+    static List<NameAndTypeEntry> initFrameUnsets(MethodModel method) {
+        return initFrameUnsets(method.parent().orElseThrow(),
+                method.methodName());
+    }
+
+    private static List<NameAndTypeEntry> initFrameUnsets(ClassModel clazz, Utf8Entry methodName) {
+        if (!methodName.equalsString(ConstantDescs.INIT_NAME))
+            return List.of();
+        if (clazz.minorVersion() != PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION || clazz.majorVersion() < Util.VALUE_OBJECTS_MAJOR)
+            return List.of();
+        var l = new ArrayList<NameAndTypeEntry>(clazz.fields().size());
+        for (var field : clazz.fields()) {
+            if ((field.flags().flagsMask() & (ACC_STATIC | ACC_STRICT_INIT)) == ACC_STRICT_INIT) { // instance strict
+                l.add(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.nameAndTypeEntry(field.fieldName(), field.fieldType()));
+            }
+        }
+        return List.copyOf(l);
+    }
+
+    private static List<NameAndTypeEntry> initFrameUnsets(MethodInfo mi, WritableField.UnsetField[] unsets) {
+        if (!mi.methodName().equalsString(ConstantDescs.INIT_NAME))
+            return List.of();
+        var l = new ArrayList<NameAndTypeEntry>(unsets.length);
+        for (var field : unsets) {
+            l.add(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.nameAndTypeEntry(field.name(), field.type()));
+        }
+        return List.copyOf(l);
+    }
+
     public static void writeFrames(BufWriter b, List<StackMapFrameInfo> entries) {
         var buf = (BufWriterImpl)b;
         var dcb = (DirectCodeBuilder)buf.labelContext();
@@ -106,6 +145,7 @@ public static void writeFrames(BufWriter b, List<StackMapFrameInfo> entries) {
                 mi.methodName().stringValue(),
                 mi.methodTypeSymbol(),
                 (mi.methodFlags() & ACC_STATIC) != 0);
+        var prevUnsets = initFrameUnsets(mi, buf.getStrictInstanceFields());
         int prevOffset = -1;
         // avoid using method handles due to early bootstrap
         StackMapFrameInfo[] infos = entries.toArray(NO_STACK_FRAME_INFOS);
@@ -121,14 +161,32 @@ public int compare(final StackMapFrameInfo o1, final StackMapFrameInfo o2) {
             if (offset == prevOffset) {
                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("Duplicated stack frame bytecode index: " + offset);
             }
-            writeFrame(buf, offset - prevOffset - 1, prevLocals, fr);
+            writeFrame(buf, offset - prevOffset - 1, prevLocals, prevUnsets, fr);
             prevOffset = offset;
             prevLocals = fr.locals();
+            prevUnsets = fr.unsetFields();
+        }
+    }
+
+    // In sync with StackMapGenerator::needsLarvalFrame
+    private static boolean needsLarvalFrameForTransition(List<NameAndTypeEntry> prevUnsets, StackMapFrameInfo fr) {
+        if (prevUnsets.equals(fr.unsetFields()))
+            return false;
+        if (!fr.locals().contains(SimpleVerificationTypeInfo.UNINITIALIZED_THIS)) {
+            assert fr.unsetFields().isEmpty() : fr; // should be checked in StackMapFrameInfo constructor
+            return false;
         }
+        return true;
     }
 
-    private static void writeFrame(BufWriterImpl out, int offsetDelta, List<VerificationTypeInfo> prevLocals, StackMapFrameInfo fr) {
+    private static void writeFrame(BufWriterImpl out, int offsetDelta, List<VerificationTypeInfo> prevLocals, List<NameAndTypeEntry> prevUnsets, StackMapFrameInfo fr) {
         if (offsetDelta < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid stack map frames order");
+        // enclosing frames
+        if (needsLarvalFrameForTransition(prevUnsets, fr)) {
+            out.writeU1(EARLY_LARVAL);
+            Util.writeListIndices(out, fr.unsetFields());
+        }
+        // base frame
         if (fr.stack().isEmpty()) {
             int commonLocalsSize = Math.min(prevLocals.size(), fr.locals().size());
             int diffLocalsSize = fr.locals().size() - prevLocals.size();
@@ -178,13 +236,34 @@ private static void writeTypeInfo(BufWriterImpl bw, VerificationTypeInfo vti) {
         }
     }
 
+    // Copied from BoundAttribute
+    <E extends PoolEntry> List<E> readEntryList(int p, Class<E> type) {
+        int cnt = classReader.readU2(p);
+        p += 2;
+        var entries = new Object[cnt];
+        int end = p + (cnt * 2);
+        for (int i = 0; p < end; i++, p += 2) {
+            entries[i] = classReader.readEntry(p, type);
+        }
+        return SharedSecrets.getJavaUtilCollectionAccess().listFromTrustedArray(entries);
+    }
+
     List<StackMapFrameInfo> entries() {
         p = pos;
         List<VerificationTypeInfo> locals = initFrameLocals, stack = List.of();
+        List<NameAndTypeEntry> unsetFields = initFrameUnsets;
         int bci = -1;
         var entries = new StackMapFrameInfo[u2()];
         for (int ei = 0; ei < entries.length; ei++) {
-            int frameType = classReader.readU1(p++);
+            int actualFrameType = classReader.readU1(p++);
+            int frameType = actualFrameType; // effective frame type for parsing
+            // enclosing frames handling
+            if (frameType == EARLY_LARVAL) {
+                unsetFields = readEntryList(p, NameAndTypeEntry.class);
+                p += 2 + unsetFields.size() * 2;
+                frameType = classReader.readU1(p++);
+            }
+            // base frame handling
             if (frameType <= SAME_FRAME_END) {
                 bci += frameType + 1;
                 stack = List.of();
@@ -193,7 +272,7 @@ List<StackMapFrameInfo> entries() {
                 stack = List.of(readVerificationTypeInfo());
             } else {
                 if (frameType < SAME_LOCALS_1_STACK_ITEM_EXTENDED)
-                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid stackmap frame type: " + frameType);
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid base frame type: " + frameType);
                 bci += u2() + 1;
                 if (frameType == SAME_LOCALS_1_STACK_ITEM_EXTENDED) {
                     stack = List.of(readVerificationTypeInfo());
@@ -220,10 +299,15 @@ List<StackMapFrameInfo> entries() {
                     stack = List.of(newStack);
                 }
             }
-            entries[ei] = new StackMapFrameImpl(frameType,
-                        ctx.getLabel(bci),
-                        locals,
-                        stack);
+            if (actualFrameType != EARLY_LARVAL && !unsetFields.isEmpty() && !locals.contains(SimpleVerificationTypeInfo.UNINITIALIZED_THIS)) {
+                // clear unsets post larval
+                unsetFields = List.of();
+            }
+            entries[ei] = new StackMapFrameImpl(actualFrameType,
+                    ctx.getLabel(bci),
+                    locals,
+                    stack,
+                    unsetFields);
         }
         return List.of(entries);
     }
@@ -296,12 +380,31 @@ private int u2() {
     public static record StackMapFrameImpl(int frameType,
                                            Label target,
                                            List<VerificationTypeInfo> locals,
-                                           List<VerificationTypeInfo> stack)
+                                           List<VerificationTypeInfo> stack,
+                                           List<NameAndTypeEntry> unsetFields)
             implements StackMapFrameInfo {
         public StackMapFrameImpl {
             requireNonNull(target);
             locals = Util.sanitizeU2List(locals);
             stack = Util.sanitizeU2List(stack);
+            unsetFields = Util.sanitizeU2List(unsetFields);
+
+            uninitializedThisCheck:
+            if (!unsetFields.isEmpty()) {
+                for (var local : locals) {
+                    if (local == SimpleVerificationTypeInfo.UNINITIALIZED_THIS) {
+                        break uninitializedThisCheck;
+                    }
+                }
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("unset fields requires uninitializedThis in locals");
+            }
+        }
+
+        public StackMapFrameImpl(int frameType,
+                                 Label target,
+                                 List<VerificationTypeInfo> locals,
+                                 List<VerificationTypeInfo> stack) {
+            this(frameType, target, locals, stack, List.of());
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/StackMapGenerator.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/StackMapGenerator.java
index 3fafc9fdc8b..b094e4175e3 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/StackMapGenerator.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/StackMapGenerator.java
@@ -30,12 +30,7 @@
 import java.lang.classfile.Attributes;
 import java.lang.classfile.Label;
 import java.lang.classfile.attribute.StackMapTableAttribute;
-import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.ClassEntry;
-import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.ConstantDynamicEntry;
-import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.ConstantPoolBuilder;
-import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.InvokeDynamicEntry;
-import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.MemberRefEntry;
-import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.Utf8Entry;
+import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.*;
 import java.lang.constant.ClassDesc;
 import java.lang.constant.MethodTypeDesc;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
@@ -44,6 +39,7 @@
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
+import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.WritableField.UnsetField;
 import jdk.internal.constant.ClassOrInterfaceDescImpl;
 import jdk.internal.util.Preconditions;
 
@@ -157,6 +153,7 @@ static StackMapGenerator of(DirectCodeBuilder dcb, BufWriterImpl buf) {
                 dcb.bytecodesBufWriter.bytecodeView(),
                 dcb.constantPool,
                 dcb.context,
+                buf.getStrictInstanceFields(),
                 dcb.handlers);
     }
 
@@ -189,7 +186,8 @@ static StackMapGenerator of(DirectCodeBuilder dcb, BufWriterImpl buf) {
             SAME_FRAME_END = 63,
             SAME_LOCALS_1_STACK_ITEM_FRAME_START = 64,
             SAME_LOCALS_1_STACK_ITEM_FRAME_END = 127,
-            RESERVED_END = 246,
+            RESERVED_END = 245,
+            EARLY_LARVAL = 246,
             SAME_LOCALS_1_STACK_ITEM_EXTENDED = 247,
             CHOP_FRAME_START = 248,
             CHOP_FRAME_END = 250,
@@ -214,6 +212,7 @@ static record RawExceptionCatch(int start, int end, int handler, Type catchType)
     private final List<AbstractPseudoInstruction.ExceptionCatchImpl> handlers;
     private final List<RawExceptionCatch> rawHandlers;
     private final ClassHierarchyImpl classHierarchy;
+    private final UnsetField[] strictFieldsToPut; // exact-sized, do not modify this copy!
     private final boolean patchDeadCode;
     private Frame[] frames = EMPTY_FRAME_ARRAY;
     private int framesCount = 0;
@@ -244,6 +243,7 @@ public StackMapGenerator(LabelContext labelContext,
                      RawBytecodeHelper.CodeRange bytecode,
                      SplitConstantPool cp,
                      ClassFileImpl context,
+                     UnsetField[] strictFields,
                      List<AbstractPseudoInstruction.ExceptionCatchImpl> handlers) {
         this.thisType = Type.referenceType(thisClass);
         this.methodName = methodName;
@@ -257,6 +257,11 @@ public StackMapGenerator(LabelContext labelContext,
         this.classHierarchy = new ClassHierarchyImpl(context.classHierarchyResolver());
         this.patchDeadCode = context.patchDeadCode();
         this.currentFrame = new Frame(classHierarchy);
+        if (OBJECT_INITIALIZER_NAME.equals(methodName)) {
+            this.strictFieldsToPut = strictFields;
+        } else {
+            this.strictFieldsToPut = UnsetField.EMPTY_ARRAY;
+        }
         generate();
     }
 
@@ -405,9 +410,12 @@ public Attribute<? extends StackMapTableAttribute> stackMapTableAttribute() {
         return framesCount == 0 ? null : new UnboundAttribute.AdHocAttribute<>(Attributes.stackMapTable()) {
             @Override
             public void writeBody(BufWriterImpl b) {
+                if (framesCount != (char) framesCount) {
+                    throw generatorError("Too many frames: " + framesCount);
+                }
                 b.writeU2(framesCount);
                 Frame prevFrame =  new Frame(classHierarchy);
-                prevFrame.setLocalsFromArg(methodName, methodDesc, isStatic, thisType);
+                prevFrame.setLocalsFromArg(methodName, methodDesc, isStatic, thisType, strictFieldsToPut);
                 prevFrame.trimAndCompress();
                 for (int i = 0; i < framesCount; i++) {
                     var fr = frames[i];
@@ -431,9 +439,8 @@ private static Type cpIndexToType(int index, ConstantPoolBuilder cp) {
     private void processMethod() {
         var frames = this.frames;
         var currentFrame = this.currentFrame;
-        currentFrame.setLocalsFromArg(methodName, methodDesc, isStatic, thisType);
+        currentFrame.setLocalsFromArg(methodName, methodDesc, isStatic, thisType, strictFieldsToPut);
         currentFrame.stackSize = 0;
-        currentFrame.flags = 0;
         currentFrame.offset = -1;
         int stackmapIndex = 0;
         var bcs = bytecode.start();
@@ -476,7 +483,8 @@ private boolean processBlock(RawBytecodeHelper bcs) {
         boolean verified_exc_handlers = false;
         int bci = bcs.bci();
         Type type1, type2, type3, type4;
-        if (RawBytecodeHelper.isStoreIntoLocal(opcode) && bci >= exMin && bci < exMax) {
+        if ((RawBytecodeHelper.isStoreIntoLocal(opcode) || (opcode == PUTFIELD && OBJECT_INITIALIZER_NAME.equals(methodName)))
+                && bci >= exMin && bci < exMax) {
             processExceptionHandlerTargets(bci, this_uninit);
             verified_exc_handlers = true;
         }
@@ -699,14 +707,14 @@ private boolean processBlock(RawBytecodeHelper bcs) {
 
     private void processExceptionHandlerTargets(int bci, boolean this_uninit) {
         for (var ex : rawHandlers) {
-            if (bci == ex.start || (currentFrame.localsChanged && bci > ex.start && bci < ex.end)) {
+            if (bci == ex.start || (currentFrame.localsOrUnsetsChanged && bci > ex.start && bci < ex.end)) {
                 int flags = currentFrame.flags;
                 if (this_uninit) flags |= FLAG_THIS_UNINIT;
                 Frame newFrame = currentFrame.frameInExceptionHandler(flags, ex.catchType);
                 checkJumpTarget(newFrame, ex.handler);
             }
         }
-        currentFrame.localsChanged = false;
+        currentFrame.localsOrUnsetsChanged = false;
     }
 
     private void processLdc(int index) {
@@ -776,7 +784,8 @@ private void processSwitch(RawBytecodeHelper bcs) {
     }
 
     private void processFieldInstructions(RawBytecodeHelper bcs) {
-        var desc = Util.fieldTypeSymbol(cp.entryByIndex(bcs.getIndexU2(), MemberRefEntry.class).type());
+        var nameAndType = cp.entryByIndex(bcs.getIndexU2(), MemberRefEntry.class).nameAndType();
+        var desc = Util.fieldTypeSymbol(nameAndType.type());
         var currentFrame = this.currentFrame;
         switch (bcs.opcode()) {
             case GETSTATIC ->
@@ -789,6 +798,9 @@ private void processFieldInstructions(RawBytecodeHelper bcs) {
                 currentFrame.pushStack(desc);
             }
             case PUTFIELD -> {
+                if (strictFieldsToPut.length > 0) {
+                    currentFrame.putStrictField(nameAndType);
+                }
                 currentFrame.decStack(Util.isDoubleSlot(desc) ? 3 : 2);
             }
             default -> throw new AssertionError("Should not reach here");
@@ -812,7 +824,14 @@ private boolean processInvokeInstructions(RawBytecodeHelper bcs, boolean inTryBl
                     if (inTryBlock) {
                         processExceptionHandlerTargets(bci, true);
                     }
+                    var owner = cp.entryByIndex(index, MemberRefEntry.class).owner();
+                    if (!owner.name().equalsString(((ClassOrInterfaceDescImpl) thisType.sym).internalName())
+                            && currentFrame.unsetFieldsSize != 0) {
+                        throw generatorError("Unset fields mismatch");
+                    }
                     currentFrame.initializeObject(type, thisType);
+                    currentFrame.unsetFieldsSize = 0;
+                    currentFrame.unsetFields = UnsetField.EMPTY_ARRAY;
                     thisUninit = true;
                 } else if (type.tag == ITEM_UNINITIALIZED) {
                     Type new_class_type = cpIndexToType(bcs.getU2(type.bci + 1), cp);
@@ -954,37 +973,43 @@ private void addFrame(int offset) {
     private final class Frame {
 
         int offset;
-        int localsSize, stackSize;
+        int localsSize, stackSize, unsetFieldsSize;
         int flags;
         int frameMaxStack = 0, frameMaxLocals = 0;
         boolean dirty = false;
-        boolean localsChanged = false;
+        boolean localsOrUnsetsChanged = false;
 
         private final ClassHierarchyImpl classHierarchy;
 
         private Type[] locals, stack;
+        private UnsetField[] unsetFields; // sorted, modifiable oversized array
 
         Frame(ClassHierarchyImpl classHierarchy) {
-            this(-1, 0, 0, 0, null, null, classHierarchy);
+            this(-1, 0, 0, 0, 0, null, null, UnsetField.EMPTY_ARRAY, classHierarchy);
         }
 
         Frame(int offset, ClassHierarchyImpl classHierarchy) {
-            this(offset, -1, 0, 0, null, null, classHierarchy);
+            this(offset, -1, 0, 0, 0, null, null, UnsetField.EMPTY_ARRAY, classHierarchy);
         }
 
-        Frame(int offset, int flags, int locals_size, int stack_size, Type[] locals, Type[] stack, ClassHierarchyImpl classHierarchy) {
+        Frame(int offset, int flags, int locals_size, int stack_size, int unsetFieldsSize, Type[] locals, Type[] stack, UnsetField[] unsetFields, ClassHierarchyImpl classHierarchy) {
             this.offset = offset;
             this.localsSize = locals_size;
             this.stackSize = stack_size;
+            this.unsetFieldsSize = unsetFieldsSize;
             this.flags = flags;
             this.locals = locals;
             this.stack = stack;
+            this.unsetFields = unsetFields;
             this.classHierarchy = classHierarchy;
         }
 
         @Override
         public String toString() {
-            return (dirty ? "frame* @" : "frame @") + offset + " with locals " + (locals == null ? "[]" : Arrays.asList(locals).subList(0, localsSize)) + " and stack " + (stack == null ? "[]" : Arrays.asList(stack).subList(0, stackSize));
+            return (dirty ? "frame* @" : "frame @") + offset +
+                    " with locals " + (locals == null ? "[]" : Arrays.asList(locals).subList(0, localsSize)) +
+                    " and stack " + (stack == null ? "[]" : Arrays.asList(stack).subList(0, stackSize)) +
+                    " and unset fields " + (unsetFields == null ? "[]" : Arrays.asList(unsetFields).subList(0, unsetFieldsSize));
         }
 
         Frame pushStack(ClassDesc desc) {
@@ -1022,7 +1047,8 @@ Frame decStack(int size) {
         }
 
         Frame frameInExceptionHandler(int flags, Type excType) {
-            return new Frame(offset, flags, localsSize, 1, locals, new Type[] {excType}, classHierarchy);
+            return new Frame(offset, flags, localsSize, 1, unsetFieldsSize,
+                    locals, new Type[] {excType}, unsetFields, classHierarchy);
         }
 
         void initializeObject(Type old_object, Type new_object) {
@@ -1030,7 +1056,7 @@ void initializeObject(Type old_object, Type new_object) {
             for (i = 0; i < localsSize; i++) {
                 if (locals[i].equals(old_object)) {
                     locals[i] = new_object;
-                    localsChanged = true;
+                    localsOrUnsetsChanged = true;
                 }
             }
             for (i = 0; i < stackSize; i++) {
@@ -1039,7 +1065,8 @@ void initializeObject(Type old_object, Type new_object) {
                 }
             }
             if (old_object == Type.UNITIALIZED_THIS_TYPE) {
-                flags = 0;
+                flags &= ~FLAG_THIS_UNINIT;
+                assert flags == 0 : flags;
             }
         }
 
@@ -1056,6 +1083,26 @@ Frame checkLocal(int index) {
             return this;
         }
 
+        void putStrictField(NameAndTypeEntry nat) {
+            int shift = 0;
+            var array = unsetFields;
+            for (int i = 0; i < unsetFieldsSize; i++) {
+                var f = array[i];
+                if (f.name().equals(nat.name()) && f.type().equals(nat.type())) {
+                    shift++;
+                } else if (shift != 0) {
+                    array[i - shift] = array[i];
+                    array[i] = null;
+                }
+            }
+            if (shift > 1) {
+                throw generatorError(nat + "; discovered " + shift);
+            } else if (shift == 1) {
+                localsOrUnsetsChanged = true;
+            }
+            unsetFieldsSize -= shift;
+        }
+
         private void checkStack(int index) {
             if (index >= frameMaxStack) frameMaxStack = index + 1;
             if (stack == null) {
@@ -1070,11 +1117,11 @@ private void checkStack(int index) {
 
         private void setLocalRawInternal(int index, Type type) {
             checkLocal(index);
-            localsChanged |= !type.equals(locals[index]);
+            localsOrUnsetsChanged |= !type.equals(locals[index]);
             locals[index] = type;
         }
 
-        void setLocalsFromArg(String name, MethodTypeDesc methodDesc, boolean isStatic, Type thisKlass) {
+        void setLocalsFromArg(String name, MethodTypeDesc methodDesc, boolean isStatic, Type thisKlass, UnsetField[] strictFieldsToPut) {
             int localsSize = 0;
             // Pre-emptively create a locals array that encompass all parameter slots
             checkLocal(Util.parameterSlots(methodDesc) + (isStatic ? -1 : 0));
@@ -1082,10 +1129,16 @@ void setLocalsFromArg(String name, MethodTypeDesc methodDesc, boolean isStatic,
             Type[] locals = this.locals;
             if (!isStatic) {
                 if (OBJECT_INITIALIZER_NAME.equals(name) && !CD_Object.equals(thisKlass.sym)) {
+                    int strictFieldCount = strictFieldsToPut.length;
+                    this.unsetFields = UnsetField.copyArray(strictFieldsToPut, strictFieldCount);
+                    this.unsetFieldsSize = strictFieldCount;
                     type = Type.UNITIALIZED_THIS_TYPE;
-                    flags |= FLAG_THIS_UNINIT;
+                    this.flags = FLAG_THIS_UNINIT;
                 } else {
+                    this.unsetFields = UnsetField.EMPTY_ARRAY;
+                    this.unsetFieldsSize = 0;
                     type = thisKlass;
+                    this.flags = 0;
                 }
                 locals[localsSize++] = type;
             }
@@ -1125,13 +1178,16 @@ void copyFrom(Frame src) {
             stackSize = src.stackSize;
             checkStack(src.stackSize - 1);
             if (src.stackSize > 0) System.arraycopy(src.stack, 0, stack, 0, src.stackSize);
+            unsetFieldsSize = src.unsetFieldsSize;
+            unsetFields = UnsetField.copyArray(src.unsetFields, src.unsetFieldsSize);
             flags = src.flags;
-            localsChanged = true;
+            localsOrUnsetsChanged = true;
         }
 
         void checkAssignableTo(Frame target) {
             int localsSize = this.localsSize;
             int stackSize = this.stackSize;
+            int myUnsetFieldsSize = this.unsetFieldsSize;
             if (target.flags == -1) {
                 target.locals = locals == null ? null : locals.clone();
                 target.localsSize = localsSize;
@@ -1139,6 +1195,8 @@ void checkAssignableTo(Frame target) {
                     target.stack = stack.clone();
                     target.stackSize = stackSize;
                 }
+                target.unsetFields = UnsetField.copyArray(this.unsetFields, myUnsetFieldsSize);
+                target.unsetFieldsSize = myUnsetFieldsSize;
                 target.flags = flags;
                 target.dirty = true;
             } else {
@@ -1157,6 +1215,9 @@ void checkAssignableTo(Frame target) {
                         throw generatorError("Stack content mismatch");
                     }
                 }
+                if (myUnsetFieldsSize != 0) {
+                    mergeUnsetFields(target);
+                }
             }
         }
 
@@ -1213,6 +1274,51 @@ private Type merge(Type me, Type[] toTypes, int i, Frame target) {
             return newTo;
         }
 
+        // Merge this frame's unset fields into the target frame
+        private void mergeUnsetFields(Frame target) {
+            int myUnsetSize = unsetFieldsSize;
+            int targetUnsetSize = target.unsetFieldsSize;
+            var myUnsets = unsetFields;
+            var targetUnsets = target.unsetFields;
+            if (UnsetField.matches(myUnsets, myUnsetSize, targetUnsets, targetUnsetSize)) {
+                return; // no merge
+            }
+            // merge sort
+            var merged = new UnsetField[StackMapGenerator.this.strictFieldsToPut.length];
+            int mergedSize = 0;
+            int i = 0;
+            int j = 0;
+            while (i < myUnsetSize && j < targetUnsetSize) {
+                var myCandidate = myUnsets[i];
+                var targetCandidate = targetUnsets[j];
+                var cmp = myCandidate.compareTo(targetCandidate);
+                if (cmp == 0) {
+                    merged[mergedSize++] = myCandidate;
+                    i++;
+                    j++;
+                } else if (cmp < 0) {
+                    merged[mergedSize++] = myCandidate;
+                    i++;
+                } else {
+                    merged[mergedSize++] = targetCandidate;
+                    j++;
+                }
+            }
+            if (i < myUnsetSize) {
+                int len = myUnsetSize - i;
+                System.arraycopy(myUnsets, i, merged, mergedSize, len);
+                mergedSize += len;
+            } else if (j < targetUnsetSize) {
+                int len = targetUnsetSize - j;
+                System.arraycopy(targetUnsets, j, merged, mergedSize, len);
+                mergedSize += len;
+            }
+
+            target.unsetFieldsSize = mergedSize;
+            target.unsetFields = merged;
+            target.dirty = true;
+        }
+
         private static int trimAndCompress(Type[] types, int count) {
             while (count > 0 && types[count - 1] == Type.TOP_TYPE) count--;
             int compressed = 0;
@@ -1232,12 +1338,42 @@ void trimAndCompress() {
             stackSize = trimAndCompress(stack, stackSize);
         }
 
+        boolean hasUninitializedThis() {
+            int size = this.localsSize;
+            var localVars = this.locals;
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                if (localVars[i] == Type.UNITIALIZED_THIS_TYPE)
+                    return true;
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
         private static boolean equals(Type[] l1, Type[] l2, int commonSize) {
             if (l1 == null || l2 == null) return commonSize == 0;
             return Arrays.equals(l1, 0, commonSize, l2, 0, commonSize);
         }
 
+        // In sync with StackMapDecoder::needsLarvalFrameForTransition
+        private boolean needsLarvalFrame(Frame prevFrame) {
+            if (UnsetField.matches(unsetFields, unsetFieldsSize, prevFrame.unsetFields, prevFrame.unsetFieldsSize))
+                return false;
+            if (!hasUninitializedThis()) {
+                assert unsetFieldsSize == 0 : this; // Should have been handled by processInvokeInstructions
+                return false;
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+
         void writeTo(BufWriterImpl out, Frame prevFrame, ConstantPoolBuilder cp) {
+            // enclosing frames
+            if (needsLarvalFrame(prevFrame)) {
+                out.writeU1U2(EARLY_LARVAL, unsetFieldsSize);
+                for (int i = 0; i < unsetFieldsSize; i++) {
+                    var f = unsetFields[i];
+                    out.writeIndex(cp.nameAndTypeEntry(f.name(), f.type()));
+                }
+            }
+            // base frame
             int localsSize = this.localsSize;
             int stackSize = this.stackSize;
             int offsetDelta = offset - prevFrame.offset - 1;
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/UnboundAttribute.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/UnboundAttribute.java
index 94ba782d808..43f609a4009 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/UnboundAttribute.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/UnboundAttribute.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -512,6 +512,30 @@ public Utf8Entry attributeName() {
         }
     }
 
+    public static final class UnboundLoadableDescriptorsAttribute
+            extends UnboundAttribute<LoadableDescriptorsAttribute>
+            implements LoadableDescriptorsAttribute {
+
+        private static final Utf8Entry NAME = TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.utf8Entry(Attributes.NAME_LOADABLE_DESCRIPTORS);
+
+        private final List<Utf8Entry> loadableDescriptors;
+
+        public UnboundLoadableDescriptorsAttribute(List<Utf8Entry> loadableDescriptors) {
+            super(Attributes.loadableDescriptors());
+            this.loadableDescriptors = Util.sanitizeU2List(loadableDescriptors);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public List<Utf8Entry> loadableDescriptors() {
+            return loadableDescriptors;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Utf8Entry attributeName() {
+            return NAME;
+        }
+    }
+
     public static final class UnboundNestMembersAttribute
             extends UnboundAttribute<NestMembersAttribute>
             implements NestMembersAttribute {
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/Util.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/Util.java
index d19dd202432..1e68421b8b6 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/Util.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/Util.java
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@
 import java.lang.classfile.attribute.CodeAttribute;
 import jdk.internal.classfile.components.ClassPrinter;
 import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.ClassEntry;
+import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.ConstantPool;
+import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.ConstantPoolBuilder;
 import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.ModuleEntry;
 import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.PoolEntry;
 import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.Utf8Entry;
@@ -43,10 +45,12 @@
 
 import jdk.internal.access.SharedSecrets;
 import jdk.internal.constant.ClassOrInterfaceDescImpl;
+import jdk.internal.reflect.PreviewAccessFlags;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.ForceInline;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.Stable;
 
 import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.ACC_STATIC;
+import static java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs.INIT_NAME;
 import static jdk.internal.constant.PrimitiveClassDescImpl.CD_double;
 import static jdk.internal.constant.PrimitiveClassDescImpl.CD_long;
 import static jdk.internal.constant.PrimitiveClassDescImpl.CD_void;
@@ -58,6 +62,8 @@
  */
 public final class Util {
 
+    public static final int VALUE_OBJECTS_MAJOR = ClassFile.latestMajorVersion();
+
     private Util() {
     }
 
@@ -196,6 +202,15 @@ public static List<ClassEntry> entryList(List<? extends ClassDesc> list) {
         return SharedSecrets.getJavaUtilCollectionAccess().listFromTrustedArray(result);
     }
 
+    public static List<Utf8Entry> fieldDescriptorList(List<? extends ClassDesc> list) {
+        var result = new Object[list.size()]; // null check
+        int i = 0;
+        for (var entry : list) {
+            result[i++] = TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.utf8Entry(entry);
+        }
+        return SharedSecrets.getJavaUtilCollectionAccess().listFromTrustedArray(result);
+    }
+
     public static List<ModuleEntry> moduleEntryList(List<? extends ModuleDesc> list) {
         var result = new Object[list.size()]; // null check
         int i = 0;
@@ -254,7 +269,7 @@ public static int flagsToBits(AccessFlag.Location location, Collection<AccessFla
     public static int flagsToBits(AccessFlag.Location location, AccessFlag... flags) {
         int i = 0;
         for (AccessFlag f : flags) {
-            if (!f.locations().contains(location)) {
+            if (!f.locations().contains(location) && !PreviewAccessFlags.locations(f).contains(location)) {
                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("unexpected flag: " + f + " use in target location: " + location);
             }
             i |= f.mask();
@@ -263,7 +278,8 @@ public static int flagsToBits(AccessFlag.Location location, AccessFlag... flags)
     }
 
     public static boolean has(AccessFlag.Location location, int flagsMask, AccessFlag flag) {
-        return (flag.mask() & flagsMask) == flag.mask() && flag.locations().contains(location);
+        return (flag.mask() & flagsMask) == flag.mask() && (flag.locations().contains(location)
+                || PreviewAccessFlags.locations(flag).contains(location));
     }
 
     public static ClassDesc fieldTypeSymbol(Utf8Entry utf8) {
@@ -316,6 +332,14 @@ public static boolean isDoubleSlot(ClassDesc desc) {
         return desc == CD_double || desc == CD_long;
     }
 
+    public static boolean checkConstantPoolsCompatible(ConstantPool one, ConstantPool two) {
+        if (one.equals(two))
+            return true;
+        if (one instanceof ConstantPoolBuilder cpb && cpb.canWriteDirect(two))
+            return true;
+        return two instanceof ConstantPoolBuilder cpb && cpb.canWriteDirect(one);
+    }
+
     public static void dumpMethod(SplitConstantPool cp,
                                   ClassDesc cls,
                                   String methodName,
@@ -359,6 +383,17 @@ public static void dumpBytesHex(Consumer<String> dump, byte[] bytes, int length)
         }
     }
 
+    public static boolean canSkipMethodInflation(ClassReader cr, MethodInfo method, BufWriterImpl buf) {
+        if (!buf.canWriteDirect(cr)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (method.methodName().equalsString(INIT_NAME) &&
+                !buf.strictFieldsMatch(((ClassReaderImpl) cr).getContainedClass())) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
     public static void writeListIndices(BufWriter writer, List<? extends PoolEntry> list) {
         writer.writeU2(list.size());
         for (PoolEntry info : list) {
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/WritableField.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/WritableField.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1fbfe08f043
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/WritableField.java
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package jdk.internal.classfile.impl;
+
+import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.ConstantPoolBuilder;
+import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.Utf8Entry;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.*;
+
+/**
+ * An interface to obtain field properties for direct class builders.
+ * Required to filter strict instance fields for stack map generation.
+ * Public for benchmark access.
+ */
+public sealed interface WritableField extends Util.Writable
+        permits FieldImpl, DirectFieldBuilder {
+    Utf8Entry fieldName();
+    Utf8Entry fieldType();
+    int fieldFlags();
+
+    static WritableField.UnsetField[] filterStrictInstanceFields(ConstantPoolBuilder cpb, WritableField[] array, int count) {
+        // assume there's no toctou for trusted incoming array
+        int size = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            var field = array[i];
+            if ((field.fieldFlags() & (ACC_STATIC | ACC_STRICT_INIT)) == ACC_STRICT_INIT) {
+                size++;
+            }
+        }
+        if (size == 0)
+            return UnsetField.EMPTY_ARRAY;
+        UnsetField[] ret = new UnsetField[size];
+        int j = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            var field = array[i];
+            if ((field.fieldFlags() & (ACC_STATIC | ACC_STRICT_INIT)) == ACC_STRICT_INIT) {
+                ret[j++] = new UnsetField(AbstractPoolEntry.maybeClone(cpb, field.fieldName()),
+                        AbstractPoolEntry.maybeClone(cpb, field.fieldType()));
+            }
+        }
+        assert j == size : "toctou: " + j + " != " + size;
+        Arrays.sort(ret);
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    // The captured information of unset fields, pool entries localized to class writing context
+    // avoid creating NAT until we need to write the fields to stack maps
+    record UnsetField(Utf8Entry name, Utf8Entry type) implements Comparable<UnsetField> {
+        public UnsetField {
+            assert Util.checkConstantPoolsCompatible(name.constantPool(), type.constantPool());
+        }
+        public static final UnsetField[] EMPTY_ARRAY = new UnsetField[0];
+
+        public static UnsetField[] copyArray(UnsetField[] incoming, int resultLen) {
+            assert resultLen <= incoming.length : resultLen + " > " + incoming.length;
+            return resultLen == 0 ? EMPTY_ARRAY : Arrays.copyOf(incoming, resultLen, UnsetField[].class);
+        }
+
+        public static boolean matches(UnsetField[] one, int sizeOne, UnsetField[] two, int sizeTwo) {
+            if (sizeOne != sizeTwo)
+                return false;
+            for (int i = 0; i < sizeOne; i++) {
+                if (!one[i].equals(two[i])) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        // Warning: inconsistent with equals (which uses UTF8 object equality)
+        @Override
+        public int compareTo(UnsetField o) {
+            assert Util.checkConstantPoolsCompatible(name.constantPool(), o.name.constantPool());
+            var ret = Integer.compare(name.index(), o.name.index());
+            if (ret != 0)
+                return ret;
+            return Integer.compare(type.index(), o.type.index());
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/verifier/ParserVerifier.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/verifier/ParserVerifier.java
index 7018dda86a7..6c0268a56b2 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/verifier/ParserVerifier.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/verifier/ParserVerifier.java
@@ -41,8 +41,7 @@
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.BoundAttribute;
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.Util;
 
-import static java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs.CLASS_INIT_NAME;
-import static java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs.INIT_NAME;
+import static java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs.*;
 import static jdk.internal.classfile.impl.StackMapGenerator.*;
 
 /// ParserVerifier performs selected checks of the class file format according to
@@ -277,6 +276,14 @@ private void verifyAttribute(AttributedElement ae, Attribute<?> a, List<VerifyEr
             }
             case LineNumberTableAttribute lta ->
                 2 + 4 * lta.lineNumbers().size();
+            case LoadableDescriptorsAttribute lda -> {
+                for (var desc : lda.loadableDescriptorSymbols()) {
+                    if (desc.equals(CD_void)) {
+                        errors.add(new VerifyError("illegal signature %s".formatted(desc)));
+                    }
+                }
+                yield 2 + 2 * lda.loadableDescriptors().size();
+            }
             case LocalVariableTableAttribute lvta ->
                 2 + 10 * lvta.localVariables().size();
             case LocalVariableTypeTableAttribute lvta ->
@@ -347,8 +354,8 @@ private void verifyAttribute(AttributedElement ae, Attribute<?> a, List<VerifyEr
                 sida.sourceId();
                 yield 2;
             }
-            case StackMapTableAttribute smta ->
-                2 + subSize(smta.entries(), frame -> stackMapFrameSize(frame));
+            case StackMapTableAttribute _ ->
+                -1; // Not sufficient info for assert unset size
             case SyntheticAttribute _ ->
                 0;
             case UnknownAttribute _ ->
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/verifier/VerificationFrame.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/verifier/VerificationFrame.java
index 07a3de21cc1..d096b78a67d 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/verifier/VerificationFrame.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/verifier/VerificationFrame.java
@@ -24,7 +24,12 @@
  */
 package jdk.internal.classfile.impl.verifier;
 
+import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.NameAndTypeEntry;
+import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.Utf8Entry;
 import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.TemporaryConstantPool;
 
 /// From `stackMapFrame.cpp`.
 class VerificationFrame {
@@ -37,9 +42,11 @@ class VerificationFrame {
     private final int _max_locals, _max_stack;
     private int _flags;
     private final VerificationType[] _locals, _stack;
+    private Set<NameAndTypeEntry> _assert_unset_fields;
     private final VerifierImpl _verifier;
 
-    public VerificationFrame(int offset, int flags, int locals_size, int stack_size, int max_locals, int max_stack, VerificationType[] locals, VerificationType[] stack, VerifierImpl v) {
+    public VerificationFrame(int offset, int flags, int locals_size, int stack_size, int max_locals, int max_stack,
+                             VerificationType[] locals, VerificationType[] stack, Set<NameAndTypeEntry> assert_unset_fields, VerifierImpl v) {
         this._offset = offset;
         this._locals_size = locals_size;
         this._stack_size = stack_size;
@@ -49,6 +56,7 @@ public VerificationFrame(int offset, int flags, int locals_size, int stack_size,
         this._flags = flags;
         this._locals = locals;
         this._stack = stack;
+        this._assert_unset_fields = assert_unset_fields;
         this._verifier = v;
     }
 
@@ -109,6 +117,50 @@ boolean flag_this_uninit() {
         return (_flags & FLAG_THIS_UNINIT) == FLAG_THIS_UNINIT;
     }
 
+    Set<NameAndTypeEntry> assert_unset_fields() {
+        return _assert_unset_fields;
+    }
+
+    void set_assert_unset_fields(Set<NameAndTypeEntry> table) {
+        _assert_unset_fields = table;
+    }
+
+    // Called when verifying putfields to mark strict instance fields as satisfied
+    boolean satisfy_unset_field(Utf8Entry name, Utf8Entry signature) {
+        var nat = TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.nameAndTypeEntry(name, signature);
+        return _assert_unset_fields.remove(nat);
+    }
+
+    // Verify that all strict fields have been initialized
+    // Strict fields must be initialized before the super constructor is called
+    boolean verify_unset_fields_satisfied() {
+        return _assert_unset_fields.isEmpty();
+    }
+
+    // Merge incoming unset strict fields from StackMapTable with
+    // initial strict instance fields
+    Set<NameAndTypeEntry> merge_unset_fields(Set<NameAndTypeEntry> new_fields) {
+        // ClassFile API: We track all strict fields in another structure, noop here
+        return new_fields;
+    }
+
+    boolean verify_unset_fields_compatibility(Set<NameAndTypeEntry> target_table) {
+        for (var e : _assert_unset_fields) {
+            if (!target_table.contains(e))
+                return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    void unsatisfied_strict_fields_error(VerificationWrapper klass, int bci) {
+        _verifier.verifyError("All strict final fields must be initialized before super(): %d field(s), %s"
+                .formatted(_assert_unset_fields.size(), _assert_unset_fields));
+    }
+
+    void print_strict_fields(Set<NameAndTypeEntry> table) {
+        // ignore, we don't do stdout/err
+    }
+
     void reset() {
         for (int i = 0; i < _max_locals; i++) {
             _locals[i] = VerificationType.bogus_type;
@@ -181,7 +233,7 @@ void pop_stack_2(VerificationType type1, VerificationType type2) {
         pop_stack_ex(type2);
     }
 
-    VerificationFrame(int max_locals, int max_stack, VerifierImpl verifier) {
+    VerificationFrame(int max_locals, int max_stack, Set<NameAndTypeEntry> initial_strict_fields, VerifierImpl verifier) {
         _offset = 0;
         _locals_size = 0;
         _stack_size = 0;
@@ -198,12 +250,13 @@ void pop_stack_2(VerificationType type1, VerificationType type2) {
         for (int i = 0; i < max_stack; i++) {
             _stack[i] = VerificationType.bogus_type;
         }
+        _assert_unset_fields = initial_strict_fields;
     }
 
     VerificationFrame frame_in_exception_handler(int flags) {
         return new VerificationFrame(_offset, flags, _locals_size, 0,
                 _max_locals, _max_stack, _locals, new VerificationType[1],
-                _verifier);
+                _assert_unset_fields, _verifier);
     }
 
     void initialize_object(VerificationType old_object, VerificationType new_object) {
@@ -299,6 +352,16 @@ boolean is_assignable_to(VerificationFrame target) {
             _verifier.verifyError("Bad type", this, target);
         }
 
+        // Check that assert unset fields are compatible
+        boolean compatible = verify_unset_fields_compatibility(target.assert_unset_fields());
+        if (!compatible) {
+            print_strict_fields(assert_unset_fields());
+            print_strict_fields(target.assert_unset_fields());
+            _verifier.verifyError("Strict fields mismatch from %s to %s".formatted(
+                    assert_unset_fields(), target.assert_unset_fields()), this, target);
+            return false;
+        }
+
         if ((_flags | target.flags()) == target.flags()) {
             return true;
         } else {
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/verifier/VerificationTable.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/verifier/VerificationTable.java
index eb3f5ee913d..fbb4eb9c9ed 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/verifier/VerificationTable.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/verifier/VerificationTable.java
@@ -24,8 +24,11 @@
  */
 package jdk.internal.classfile.impl.verifier;
 
+import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.NameAndTypeEntry;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
 
 import static jdk.internal.classfile.impl.StackMapGenerator.*;
 
@@ -127,6 +130,7 @@ boolean match_stackmap(VerificationFrame frame, int target, int frame_index, boo
             frame.set_stack_size(ssize);
             frame.copy_stack(stackmap_frame);
             frame.set_flags(stackmap_frame.flags());
+            frame.set_assert_unset_fields(stackmap_frame.assert_unset_fields());
         }
         return result;
     }
@@ -148,6 +152,8 @@ static class StackMapReader {
         private int _parsed_frame_count;
         private VerificationFrame _prev_frame;
         char _max_locals, _max_stack;
+        final Set<NameAndTypeEntry> strictFields;
+        Set<NameAndTypeEntry> _assert_unset_fields_buffer;
         boolean _first;
 
         void check_verification_type_array_size(int size, int max_size) {
@@ -197,6 +203,7 @@ public void check_end() {
 
         public StackMapReader(byte[] stackmapData, byte[] code_data, int code_len,
                               VerificationFrame init_frame, char max_locals, char max_stack,
+                              Set<NameAndTypeEntry> initial_strict_fields,
                               VerificationWrapper.ConstantPoolWrapper cp, VerifierImpl context) {
             this._verifier = context;
             _stream = new StackMapStream(stackmapData, _verifier);
@@ -206,6 +213,8 @@ public StackMapReader(byte[] stackmapData, byte[] code_data, int code_len,
             _prev_frame = init_frame;
             _max_locals = max_locals;
             _max_stack = max_stack;
+            strictFields = Set.copyOf(initial_strict_fields);
+            _assert_unset_fields_buffer = initial_strict_fields;
             _first = true;
             if (stackmapData != null) {
                 _cp = cp;
@@ -278,6 +287,41 @@ VerificationFrame next_helper() {
             int offset;
             VerificationType[] locals = null;
             int frame_type = _stream.get_u1();
+            if (frame_type == EARLY_LARVAL) {
+                int num_unset_fields = _stream.get_u2();
+                Set<NameAndTypeEntry> new_fields = new HashSet<>();
+                for (int i = 0; i < num_unset_fields; i++) {
+                    int index = _stream.get_u2();
+                    if (!_cp.is_within_bounds(index) || _cp.tagAt(index) != VerifierImpl.JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType) {
+                        _prev_frame.verifier().verifyError("Invalid use of strict instance fields %d %s %s".formatted(_prev_frame.offset(), _prev_frame,
+                                "Invalid constant pool index in early larval frame: %d".formatted(index)));
+                    }
+                    var tmp = _cp.cp.entryByIndex(index, NameAndTypeEntry.class);
+                    if (!strictFields.contains(tmp)) {
+                        _prev_frame.verifier().verifyError("Invalid use of strict instance fields %d %s %s".formatted(_prev_frame.offset(), _prev_frame,
+                                "Strict fields not a subset of initial strict instance fields: %s".formatted(tmp)));
+                    } else {
+                        new_fields.add(tmp);
+                    }
+                }
+                // Only modify strict instance fields the frame has uninitialized this
+                if (_prev_frame.flag_this_uninit()) {
+                    _assert_unset_fields_buffer = _prev_frame.merge_unset_fields(new_fields);
+                } else if (!new_fields.isEmpty()) {
+                    _prev_frame.verifier().verifyError("Invalid use of strict instance fields %d %s %s".formatted(_prev_frame.offset(), _prev_frame,
+                            "Cannot have uninitialized strict fields after class initialization"));
+                }
+                // Continue reading frame data
+                if (at_end()) {
+                    _prev_frame.verifier().verifyError("Invalid use of strict instance fields %d %s %s".formatted(_prev_frame.offset(), _prev_frame,
+                            "Early larval frame must be followed by a base frame"));
+                }
+                frame_type = _stream.get_u1();
+                if (frame_type == EARLY_LARVAL) {
+                    _prev_frame.verifier().verifyError("Invalid use of strict instance fields %d %s %s".formatted(_prev_frame.offset(), _prev_frame,
+                            "Early larval frame must be followed by a base frame"));
+                }
+            }
             if (frame_type <= SAME_FRAME_END) {
                 if (_first) {
                     offset = frame_type;
@@ -288,7 +332,7 @@ VerificationFrame next_helper() {
                     offset = _prev_frame.offset() + frame_type + 1;
                     locals = _prev_frame.locals();
                 }
-                frame = new VerificationFrame(offset, _prev_frame.flags(), _prev_frame.locals_size(), 0, _max_locals, _max_stack, locals, null, _verifier);
+                frame = new VerificationFrame(offset, _prev_frame.flags(), _prev_frame.locals_size(), 0, _max_locals, _max_stack, locals, null, _assert_unset_fields_buffer, _verifier);
                 if (_first && locals != null) {
                     frame.copy_locals(_prev_frame);
                 }
@@ -313,7 +357,7 @@ VerificationFrame next_helper() {
                     stack_size = 2;
                 }
                 check_verification_type_array_size(stack_size, _max_stack);
-                frame = new VerificationFrame(offset, _prev_frame.flags(), _prev_frame.locals_size(), stack_size, _max_locals, _max_stack, locals, stack, _verifier);
+                frame = new VerificationFrame(offset, _prev_frame.flags(), _prev_frame.locals_size(), stack_size, _max_locals, _max_stack, locals, stack, _assert_unset_fields_buffer, _verifier);
                 if (_first && locals != null) {
                     frame.copy_locals(_prev_frame);
                 }
@@ -342,7 +386,7 @@ VerificationFrame next_helper() {
                     stack_size = 2;
                 }
                 check_verification_type_array_size(stack_size, _max_stack);
-                frame = new VerificationFrame(offset, _prev_frame.flags(), _prev_frame.locals_size(), stack_size, _max_locals, _max_stack, locals, stack, _verifier);
+                frame = new VerificationFrame(offset, _prev_frame.flags(), _prev_frame.locals_size(), stack_size, _max_locals, _max_stack, locals, stack, _assert_unset_fields_buffer, _verifier);
                 if (_first && locals != null) {
                     frame.copy_locals(_prev_frame);
                 }
@@ -376,7 +420,7 @@ VerificationFrame next_helper() {
                 } else {
                     offset = _prev_frame.offset() + offset_delta + 1;
                 }
-                frame = new VerificationFrame(offset, flags, new_length, 0, _max_locals, _max_stack, locals, null, _verifier);
+                frame = new VerificationFrame(offset, flags, new_length, 0, _max_locals, _max_stack, locals, null, _assert_unset_fields_buffer, _verifier);
                 if (_first && locals != null) {
                     frame.copy_locals(_prev_frame);
                 }
@@ -407,7 +451,7 @@ VerificationFrame next_helper() {
                 } else {
                     offset = _prev_frame.offset() + offset_delta + 1;
                 }
-                frame = new VerificationFrame(offset, flags[0], real_length, 0, _max_locals, _max_stack, locals, null, _verifier);
+                frame = new VerificationFrame(offset, flags[0], real_length, 0, _max_locals, _max_stack, locals, null, _assert_unset_fields_buffer, _verifier);
                 _first = false;
                 return frame;
             }
@@ -449,7 +493,7 @@ VerificationFrame next_helper() {
                 } else {
                     offset = _prev_frame.offset() + offset_delta + 1;
                 }
-                frame = new VerificationFrame(offset, flags[0], real_locals_size, real_stack_size, _max_locals, _max_stack, locals, stack, _verifier);
+                frame = new VerificationFrame(offset, flags[0], real_locals_size, real_stack_size, _max_locals, _max_stack, locals, stack, _assert_unset_fields_buffer, _verifier);
                 _first = false;
                 return frame;
             }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/verifier/VerificationWrapper.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/verifier/VerificationWrapper.java
index c76d0789244..70dc4cd7a1f 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/verifier/VerificationWrapper.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/verifier/VerificationWrapper.java
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
 import java.lang.classfile.Attributes;
 import java.lang.classfile.ClassModel;
+import java.lang.classfile.FieldModel;
 import java.lang.classfile.MethodModel;
 import java.lang.classfile.attribute.LocalVariableInfo;
 import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.ClassEntry;
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.Util;
 
 public final class VerificationWrapper {
-    private final ClassModel clm;
+    final ClassModel clm;
     private final ConstantPoolWrapper cp;
 
     public VerificationWrapper(ClassModel clm) {
@@ -73,11 +74,11 @@ Iterable<MethodWrapper> methods() {
         return clm.methods().stream().map(m -> new MethodWrapper(m)).toList();
     }
 
-    boolean findField(String name, String sig) {
+    FieldModel findField(String name, String sig) {
         for (var f : clm.fields())
             if (f.fieldName().stringValue().equals(name) && f.fieldType().stringValue().equals(sig))
-                return true;
-        return false;
+                return f;
+        return null;
     }
 
     class MethodWrapper {
@@ -161,7 +162,7 @@ byte[] stackMapTableRawData() {
 
     static class ConstantPoolWrapper {
 
-        private final ConstantPool cp;
+        final ConstantPool cp;
 
         ConstantPoolWrapper(ConstantPool cp) {
             this.cp = cp;
@@ -200,5 +201,9 @@ String refSignatureAt(int index) {
         int refClassIndexAt(int index) {
             return cp.entryByIndex(index, MemberRefEntry.class).owner().index();
         }
+
+        boolean is_within_bounds(int i) {
+            return i >= 1 && i <= cp.size();
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/verifier/VerifierImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/verifier/VerifierImpl.java
index adc595813ee..4f552a2423c 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/verifier/VerifierImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/verifier/VerifierImpl.java
@@ -24,16 +24,25 @@
  */
 package jdk.internal.classfile.impl.verifier;
 
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
 import java.lang.classfile.ClassHierarchyResolver;
 import java.lang.classfile.ClassModel;
-import jdk.internal.classfile.components.ClassPrinter;
+import java.lang.classfile.FieldModel;
+import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.NameAndTypeEntry;
+import java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs;
+import java.lang.reflect.AccessFlag;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.function.Consumer;
 
+import jdk.internal.classfile.components.ClassPrinter;
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.ClassHierarchyImpl;
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.RawBytecodeHelper;
+import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.TemporaryConstantPool;
+import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.Util;
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.verifier.VerificationSignature.BasicType;
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.verifier.VerificationWrapper.ConstantPoolWrapper;
 
@@ -105,6 +114,7 @@ void log_info(String messageFormat, Object... args) {
     static final int STACKMAP_ATTRIBUTE_MAJOR_VERSION = 50;
     static final int INVOKEDYNAMIC_MAJOR_VERSION = 51;
     static final int NOFAILOVER_MAJOR_VERSION = 51;
+    static final int VALUE_TYPES_MAJOR_VERSION = Util.VALUE_OBJECTS_MAJOR;
     static final int MAX_CODE_SIZE = 65535;
 
     public static List<VerifyError> verify(ClassModel classModel, Consumer<String> logger) {
@@ -242,6 +252,12 @@ private VerificationType object_type() {
         return VerificationType.reference_type(java_lang_Object);
     }
 
+    static boolean supports_strict_fields(VerificationWrapper klass) {
+        int ver = klass.majorVersion();
+        return ver > VALUE_TYPES_MAJOR_VERSION ||
+                (ver == VALUE_TYPES_MAJOR_VERSION && klass.clm.minorVersion() == ClassFile.PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION);
+    }
+
     List<VerifyError> verify_class() {
         log_info("Verifying class %s with new format", _klass.thisClassName());
         var errors = new ArrayList<VerifyError>();
@@ -303,7 +319,19 @@ void verify_method(VerificationWrapper.MethodWrapper m) {
         byte[] stackmap_data = m.stackMapTableRawData();
         var cp = m.constantPool();
         if (!VerificationSignature.isValidMethodSignature(m.descriptor())) verifyError("Invalid method signature");
-        VerificationFrame current_frame = new VerificationFrame(max_locals, max_stack, this);
+
+        // Collect the initial strict instance fields
+        Set<NameAndTypeEntry> strict_fields = new HashSet<>();
+        if (m.name().equals(ConstantDescs.INIT_NAME)) {
+            for (var fs : current_class().clm.fields()) {
+                if (fs.flags().has(AccessFlag.STRICT_INIT) && !fs.flags().has(AccessFlag.STATIC)) {
+                    var new_field = TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.nameAndTypeEntry(fs.fieldName(), fs.fieldType());
+                    strict_fields.add(new_field);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        VerificationFrame current_frame = new VerificationFrame(max_locals, max_stack, strict_fields, this);
         VerificationType return_type = current_frame.set_locals_from_arg(m, current_type());
         int stackmap_index = 0;
         int code_length = m.codeLength();
@@ -317,7 +345,7 @@ void verify_method(VerificationWrapper.MethodWrapper m) {
         verify_local_variable_table(code_length, code_data);
 
         var reader = new VerificationTable.StackMapReader(stackmap_data, code_data, code_length, current_frame,
-                (char) max_locals, (char) max_stack, cp, this);
+                (char) max_locals, (char) max_stack, strict_fields, cp, this);
         VerificationTable stackmap_table = new VerificationTable(reader, cp, this);
 
         var bcs = code.start();
@@ -1497,10 +1525,24 @@ void verify_field_instructions(RawBytecodeHelper bcs, VerificationFrame current_
                     current_frame.pop_stack(field_type[i]);
                 }
                 stack_object_type = current_frame.pop_stack();
-                if (stack_object_type.is_uninitialized_this(this) &&
-                        target_class_type.equals(current_type()) &&
-                        _klass.findField(field_name, field_sig)) {
-                    stack_object_type = current_type();
+                FieldModel fd = _klass.findField(field_name, field_sig);
+                boolean is_local_field = fd != null &&
+                        target_class_type.equals(current_type());
+                if (stack_object_type.is_uninitialized_this(this)) {
+                    if (is_local_field) {
+                        // Set the type to the current type so the is_assignable check passes.
+                        stack_object_type = current_type();
+
+                        if (fd.flags().has(AccessFlag.STRICT_INIT)) {
+                            current_frame.satisfy_unset_field(fd.fieldName(), fd.fieldType());
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else if (supports_strict_fields(_klass)) {
+                    // `strict` fields are not writable, but only local fields produce verification errors
+                    if (is_local_field && fd.flags().has(AccessFlag.STRICT_INIT) && fd.flags().has(AccessFlag.FINAL)) {
+                        verifyError("Bad code %d %s".formatted(bci,
+                                "Illegal use of putfield on a strict field: %s:%s".formatted(fd.fieldName(), fd.fieldType())));
+                    }
                 }
                 is_assignable = target_class_type.is_assignable_from(stack_object_type, this);
                 if (!is_assignable) {
@@ -1521,6 +1563,11 @@ boolean verify_invoke_init(RawBytecodeHelper bcs, int ref_class_index, Verificat
             if (!current_class().thisClassName().equals(ref_class_type.name()) &&
                     !superk_name.equals(ref_class_type.name())) {
                 verifyError("Bad <init> method call");
+            } else if (ref_class_type.name().equals(superk_name)) {
+                // Strict final fields must be satisfied by this point
+                if (!current_frame.verify_unset_fields_satisfied()) {
+                    current_frame.unsatisfied_strict_fields_error(current_class(), bci);
+                }
             }
             if (in_try_block) {
                 verify_exception_handler_targets(bci, true, current_frame, stackmap_table);
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/javac/PreviewFeature.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/javac/PreviewFeature.java
index 6d63ae24f85..280070e187a 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/javac/PreviewFeature.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/javac/PreviewFeature.java
@@ -69,6 +69,10 @@
      * Values should be annotated with the feature's {@code JEP}.
      */
     public enum Feature {
+        @JEP(number = 539, title = "Strict Field Initialization in the JVM", status = "Preview")
+        STRICT_FIELDS,
+        @JEP(number=401, title="Value Classes and Objects", status = "Preview")
+        VALUE_OBJECTS,
         @JEP(number=533, title="Structured Concurrency", status="Seventh Preview")
         STRUCTURED_CONCURRENCY,
         @JEP(number = 531, title = "Lazy Constants", status = "Third Preview")
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/ExplodedImage.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/ExplodedImage.java
index 4fe6612a8ed..88c3aba2f3c 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/ExplodedImage.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/ExplodedImage.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -30,13 +30,19 @@
 import java.nio.file.FileSystemException;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
 import java.nio.file.attribute.BasicFileAttributes;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.function.UnaryOperator;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 import java.util.stream.Stream;
+import java.util.stream.StreamSupport;
 
 import jdk.internal.jimage.ImageReader.Node;
 
@@ -54,52 +60,94 @@ class ExplodedImage extends SystemImage {
 
     private static final String MODULES = "/modules/";
     private static final String PACKAGES = "/packages/";
+    // This directory cannot be preview overridden.
+    private static final Path META_INF_DIR = Paths.get("META-INF");
+    // Root of the preview override of a module relative to root of that module.
+    // This directory never appears in either non-preview or preview images.
+    private static final Path PREVIEW_DIR = META_INF_DIR.resolve("preview");
 
     private final Path modulesDir;
-    private final String separator;
+    private final boolean isPreviewMode;
     private final Map<String, PathNode> nodes = new HashMap<>();
     private final BasicFileAttributes modulesDirAttrs;
 
-    ExplodedImage(Path modulesDir) throws IOException {
+    ExplodedImage(Path modulesDir, boolean isPreviewMode) throws IOException {
         this.modulesDir = modulesDir;
-        String str = modulesDir.getFileSystem().getSeparator();
-        separator = str.equals("/") ? null : str;
+        this.isPreviewMode = isPreviewMode;
         modulesDirAttrs = Files.readAttributes(modulesDir, BasicFileAttributes.class);
         initNodes();
     }
 
-    // A Node that is backed by actual default file system Path
+    // A Node that is backed by absolute Paths on the default FS
+    // This is thread-safe, guaranteed by synchronized findNode
     private final class PathNode extends Node {
+        // Regular file
+        private final Path file;
+        // Symbolic link
+        private final PathNode link;
+        // Directories
+        // `directories` is written before and read after `childNames`
+        private List<Path> directories;
+        private volatile List<String> childNames; // Has no duplicates
 
-        // Path in underlying default file system
-        private Path path;
-        private PathNode link;
-        private List<Node> children;
+        /**
+         * Creates a file based node with the given file attributes.
+         * Used for all /modules/... files.
+         */
+        private PathNode(String name, Path file, BasicFileAttributes attrs) {
+            super(name, attrs);
+            this.file = Objects.requireNonNull(file);
+            this.link = null;
+            this.directories = null;
+            this.childNames = null;
+        }
 
-        private PathNode(String name, Path path, BasicFileAttributes attrs) {  // path
+        /**
+         * Creates a directory based node with the given file attributes.
+         * Used for all /modules/... directories.  It is created in an
+         * "incomplete" state, and its child names are determined lazily.
+         */
+        private PathNode(String name, List<Path> directories, BasicFileAttributes attrs) {
             super(name, attrs);
-            this.path = path;
+            this.file = null;
+            this.link = null;
+            this.directories = Objects.requireNonNull(directories);
+            this.childNames = null;
         }
 
-        private PathNode(String name, Node link) {              // link
+        /**
+         * Creates a symbolic link node to the specified target.
+         * Used for each module-named directory that are leafs of /packages/...
+         */
+        private PathNode(String name, PathNode link) {
             super(name, link.getFileAttributes());
-            this.link = (PathNode)link;
+            this.file = null;
+            this.link = Objects.requireNonNull(link);
+            this.directories = null;
+            this.childNames = null;
         }
 
-        private PathNode(String name, List<Node> children) {    // dir
+        /**
+         * Creates a completed directory node based a list of child nodes.
+         * Used for the root, /modules, /packages, and /packages/... non-leaf
+         * directories, all created in initNodes().
+         */
+        private PathNode(String name, List<PathNode> children) {
             super(name, modulesDirAttrs);
-            this.children = children;
+            this.file = null;
+            this.link = null;
+            this.directories = null;
+            this.childNames = children.stream().map(Node::getName).collect(Collectors.toList());
         }
 
         @Override
         public boolean isResource() {
-            return link == null && !getFileAttributes().isDirectory();
+            return file != null;
         }
 
         @Override
         public boolean isDirectory() {
-            return children != null ||
-                   (link == null && getFileAttributes().isDirectory());
+            return childNames != null || directories != null;
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -115,38 +163,52 @@ public PathNode resolveLink(boolean recursive) {
         }
 
         private byte[] getContent() throws IOException {
-            if (!getFileAttributes().isRegularFile())
+            if (!isResource())
                 throw new FileSystemException(getName() + " is not file");
-            return Files.readAllBytes(path);
+            return Files.readAllBytes(file);
         }
 
         @Override
         public Stream<String> getChildNames() {
             if (!isDirectory())
-                throw new IllegalArgumentException("not a directory: " + getName());
-            if (children == null) {
-                List<Node> list = new ArrayList<>();
-                try (DirectoryStream<Path> stream = Files.newDirectoryStream(path)) {
-                    for (Path p : stream) {
-                        p = modulesDir.relativize(p);
-                        String pName = MODULES + nativeSlashToFrontSlash(p.toString());
-                        Node node = findNode(pName);
-                        if (node != null) {  // findNode may choose to hide certain files!
-                            list.add(node);
-                        }
+                throw new IllegalStateException("not a directory: " + getName());
+            List<String> names = childNames;
+            if (names == null) {
+                names = completeDirectory();
+            }
+            return names.stream();
+        }
+
+        private synchronized List<String> completeDirectory() {
+            if (childNames != null) {
+                return childNames;
+            }
+
+            Set<String> childNameSet = new LinkedHashSet<>();
+            for (Path path : directories) {
+                collectChildNodeNames(path, childNameSet);
+            }
+            directories = null;
+            return childNames = new ArrayList<>(childNameSet);
+        }
+
+        private void collectChildNodeNames(Path absPath, Set<String> childNameSet) {
+            try (DirectoryStream<Path> stream = Files.newDirectoryStream(absPath)) {
+                for (Path p : stream) {
+                    PathNode node = (PathNode) findNode(getName() + "/" + p.getFileName().toString());
+                    if (node != null) {  // findNode may choose to hide certain files!
+                        childNameSet.add(node.getName());
                     }
-                } catch (IOException x) {
-                    return null;
                 }
-                children = list;
+            } catch (IOException ex) {
+                throw new UncheckedIOException(ex);
             }
-            return children.stream().map(Node::getName);
         }
 
         @Override
         public long size() {
             try {
-                return isDirectory() ? 0 : Files.size(path);
+                return !isResource() ? 0 : Files.size(file);
             } catch (IOException ex) {
                 throw new UncheckedIOException(ex);
             }
@@ -169,15 +231,24 @@ public synchronized Node findNode(String name) {
         if (node != null) {
             return node;
         }
-        // If null, this was not the name of "/modules/..." node, and since all
-        // "/packages/..." nodes were created and cached in advance, the name
-        // cannot reference a valid node.
-        Path path = underlyingModulesPath(name);
-        if (path == null) {
+
+        return createPathInModulesNodeIfValid(name);
+    }
+
+    // `rest` nullable means name points to the root of a module
+    private Path candidatePath(Path module, Path rest, boolean preview) {
+        if (preview && rest != null && rest.startsWith(META_INF_DIR)) {
+            // Nothing in META-INF has a preview override
             return null;
         }
-        // This can still return null for hidden files.
-        return createModulesNode(name, path);
+        Path now = modulesDir.resolve(module);
+        if (preview) {
+            now = now.resolve(PREVIEW_DIR);
+        }
+        if (rest != null) {
+            now = now.resolve(rest);
+        }
+        return Files.exists(now) ? now : null;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -185,110 +256,122 @@ public synchronized Node findNode(String name) {
      * and corresponding path to a file or directory.
      *
      * @param name a resource or directory node name, of the form "/modules/...".
-     * @param path the path of a file for a resource or directory.
      * @return the newly created and cached node, or {@code null} if the given
      *     path references a file which must be hidden in the node hierarchy.
      */
-    private Node createModulesNode(String name, Path path) {
+    private PathNode createPathInModulesNodeIfValid(String name) {
+        // We anticipate the name of a "/modules/..." node for lazy creation.
+        // All "/packages/..." nodes are created by initNodes() instead.
+        if (!isPathInModulesName(name)) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
         assert !nodes.containsKey(name) : "Node must not already exist: " + name;
-        assert isNonEmptyModulesPath(name) : "Invalid modules name: " + name;
 
+        // Extract the module name and the remaining parts of the path
+        Path moduleName; // Exactly a single name element
+        Path remainderPath; // May be null
+        {
+            String relativeName = name.substring(MODULES.length());
+            Path relativePath = Paths.get("", relativeName.split("/"));
+
+            moduleName = relativePath.getName(0);
+            int nameCount = relativePath.getNameCount();
+            remainderPath = nameCount > 1 ? relativePath.subpath(1, nameCount) : null;
+        }
+
+        // Filter any path to in META-INF/preview consistently
+        if (remainderPath != null && remainderPath.startsWith(PREVIEW_DIR)) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // Find valid regular and preview paths
+        Path regularPath = candidatePath(moduleName, remainderPath, false);
+        Path previewPath = isPreviewMode ? candidatePath(moduleName, remainderPath, true) : null;
+        if (regularPath == null && previewPath == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // Select a path for source of attributes
+        Path selected;
+        if (regularPath != null && Files.isDirectory(regularPath)) {
+            // Non-preview directories take precedence.
+            selected = regularPath;
+        } else {
+            // Otherwise prefer preview resources over non-preview ones.
+            selected = previewPath == null ? regularPath : previewPath;
+        }
+
+        // Read the file attributes
+        BasicFileAttributes attrs;
         try {
-            // We only know if we're creating a resource of directory when we
-            // look up file attributes, and we only do that once. Thus, we can
-            // only reject "marker files" here, rather than by inspecting the
-            // given name string, since it doesn't apply to directories.
-            BasicFileAttributes attrs = Files.readAttributes(path, BasicFileAttributes.class);
-            if (attrs.isRegularFile()) {
-                Path f = path.getFileName();
-                if (f.toString().startsWith("_the.")) {
-                    return null;
-                }
-            } else if (!attrs.isDirectory()) {
-                return null;
-            }
-            PathNode node = new PathNode(name, path, attrs);
-            nodes.put(name, node);
-            return node;
+            attrs = Files.readAttributes(selected, BasicFileAttributes.class);
         } catch (IOException x) {
-            // Since the path reference a file, any errors should not be ignored.
+            // Since the path references a file, errors should not be ignored.
             throw new UncheckedIOException(x);
         }
-    }
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the expected file path for name in the "/modules/..." namespace,
-     * or {@code null} if the name is not in the "/modules/..." namespace or the
-     * path does not reference a file.
-     */
-    private Path underlyingModulesPath(String name) {
-        if (isNonEmptyModulesPath(name)) {
-            Path path = modulesDir.resolve(frontSlashToNativeSlash(name.substring(MODULES.length())));
-            return Files.exists(path) ? path : null;
+        // Create the right PathNode
+        PathNode node;
+        if (attrs.isRegularFile()) {
+            Path f = selected.getFileName();
+            // Only reject "marker files", doesn't apply to directories
+            if (f.toString().startsWith("_the.")) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            node = new PathNode(name, selected, attrs);
+        } else if (attrs.isDirectory()) {
+            List<Path> directories = Stream.of(regularPath, previewPath)
+                    .filter(Objects::nonNull)
+                    .collect(Collectors.toList());
+            node = new PathNode(name, directories, attrs);
+        } else {
+            return null;
         }
-        return null;
+        nodes.put(name, node);
+        return node;
     }
 
-    private static boolean isNonEmptyModulesPath(String name) {
+    // Ensures this is a name taking form /modules/... with no trailing slash.
+    private static boolean isPathInModulesName(String name) {
         // Don't just check the prefix, there must be something after it too
         // (otherwise you end up with an empty string after trimming).
-        return name.startsWith(MODULES) && name.length() > MODULES.length();
-    }
-
-    // convert "/" to platform path separator
-    private String frontSlashToNativeSlash(String str) {
-        return separator == null ? str : str.replace("/", separator);
+        // Also make sure we can't be tricked by "/modules//absolute/path" or
+        // "/modules/../../escaped/path".
+        // Don't use regex as 'name' is untrusted (avoids stack overflow risk)
+        // and performance isn't an issue here.
+        return name.startsWith("/modules/")
+                && !name.contains("//")
+                && !name.contains("/./")
+                && !name.contains("/../")
+                && !name.endsWith("/")
+                && !name.endsWith("/.")
+                && !name.endsWith("/..");
     }
 
-    // convert platform path separator to "/"
-    private String nativeSlashToFrontSlash(String str) {
-        return separator == null ? str : str.replace(separator, "/");
-    }
-
-    // convert "/"s to "."s
-    private String slashesToDots(String str) {
-        return str.replace(separator != null ? separator : "/", ".");
-    }
-
-    // initialize file system Nodes
+    // initialize the root /modules, /packages, and the symbolic link Nodes
     private void initNodes() throws IOException {
         // same package prefix may exist in multiple modules. This Map
         // is filled by walking "jdk modules" directory recursively!
         Map<String, List<String>> packageToModules = new HashMap<>();
-        try (DirectoryStream<Path> stream = Files.newDirectoryStream(modulesDir)) {
-            for (Path module : stream) {
-                if (Files.isDirectory(module)) {
-                    String moduleName = module.getFileName().toString();
-                    // make sure "/modules/<moduleName>" is created
-                    Objects.requireNonNull(createModulesNode(MODULES + moduleName, module));
-                    try (Stream<Path> contentsStream = Files.walk(module)) {
-                        contentsStream.filter(Files::isDirectory).forEach((p) -> {
-                            p = module.relativize(p);
-                            String pkgName = slashesToDots(p.toString());
-                            // skip META-INF and empty strings
-                            if (!pkgName.isEmpty() && !pkgName.startsWith("META-INF")) {
-                                packageToModules
-                                        .computeIfAbsent(pkgName, k -> new ArrayList<>())
-                                        .add(moduleName);
-                            }
-                        });
-                    }
-                }
+        List<PathNode> modules = new ArrayList<>();
+        try (DirectoryStream<Path> stream = Files.newDirectoryStream(modulesDir, Files::isDirectory)) {
+            for (Path moduleDir : stream) {
+                modules.add(findPackagesAndCreateModuleNode(moduleDir, packageToModules));
             }
         }
         // create "/modules" directory
-        // "nodes" map contains only /modules/<foo> nodes only so far and so add all as children of /modules
-        PathNode modulesRootNode = new PathNode("/modules", new ArrayList<>(nodes.values()));
+        PathNode modulesRootNode = new PathNode("/modules", modules);
         nodes.put(modulesRootNode.getName(), modulesRootNode);
 
         // create children under "/packages"
-        List<Node> packagesChildren = new ArrayList<>(packageToModules.size());
+        List<PathNode> packagesChildren = new ArrayList<>(packageToModules.size());
         for (Map.Entry<String, List<String>> entry : packageToModules.entrySet()) {
             String pkgName = entry.getKey();
             List<String> moduleNameList = entry.getValue();
-            List<Node> moduleLinkNodes = new ArrayList<>(moduleNameList.size());
+            List<PathNode> moduleLinkNodes = new ArrayList<>(moduleNameList.size());
             for (String moduleName : moduleNameList) {
-                Node moduleNode = Objects.requireNonNull(nodes.get(MODULES + moduleName));
+                PathNode moduleNode = Objects.requireNonNull(nodes.get(MODULES + moduleName));
                 PathNode linkNode = new PathNode(PACKAGES + pkgName + "/" + moduleName, moduleNode);
                 nodes.put(linkNode.getName(), linkNode);
                 moduleLinkNodes.add(linkNode);
@@ -302,10 +385,40 @@ private void initNodes() throws IOException {
         nodes.put(packagesRootNode.getName(), packagesRootNode);
 
         // finally "/" dir!
-        List<Node> rootChildren = new ArrayList<>();
+        List<PathNode> rootChildren = new ArrayList<>();
         rootChildren.add(packagesRootNode);
         rootChildren.add(modulesRootNode);
         PathNode root = new PathNode("/", rootChildren);
         nodes.put(root.getName(), root);
     }
+
+    private PathNode findPackagesAndCreateModuleNode(Path moduleDir, Map<String, List<String>> packageToModules)
+            throws IOException {
+        String moduleName = moduleDir.getFileName().toString();
+        UnaryOperator<Path> previewExtractor = isPreviewMode
+                ? (p -> p.startsWith(PREVIEW_DIR) ? PREVIEW_DIR.relativize(p) : p)
+                : UnaryOperator.identity();
+        try (Stream<Path> contentsStream = Files.find(moduleDir, Integer.MAX_VALUE, (path, attr) -> attr.isDirectory())) {
+            contentsStream
+                    .map(moduleDir::relativize)
+                    // When in preview mode, map paths inside preview directory
+                    // to non-preview versions.
+                    .map(previewExtractor)
+                    // Ignore the special META-INF directory (including
+                    // unextracted preview).
+                    .filter(p -> !p.startsWith(META_INF_DIR))
+                    // Extract unique package names.
+                    .map(str -> StreamSupport.stream(str.spliterator(), false)
+                            .map(Path::toString)
+                            .collect(Collectors.joining(".")))
+                    // Ignore the root directories, regular or preview
+                    .filter(st -> !st.isEmpty())
+                    .distinct()
+                    .forEach(pkgName ->
+                            packageToModules
+                                    .computeIfAbsent(pkgName, k -> new ArrayList<>())
+                                    .add(moduleName));
+        }
+        return Objects.requireNonNull(createPathInModulesNodeIfValid(MODULES + moduleName));
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/JrtFileSystem.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/JrtFileSystem.java
index 4cd47413bd0..0a3782d2021 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/JrtFileSystem.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/JrtFileSystem.java
@@ -58,7 +58,6 @@
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.Iterator;
-import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.regex.Pattern;
@@ -82,14 +81,34 @@ class JrtFileSystem extends FileSystem {
     private volatile boolean isClosable;
     private SystemImage image;
 
-    JrtFileSystem(JrtFileSystemProvider provider, Map<String, ?> env)
-            throws IOException
-    {
+    /**
+     * Special constructor for the singleton system jrt file system. This creates
+     * a non-closable instance, and should only be called once by {@link
+     * JrtFileSystemProvider}.
+     *
+     * @param provider the provider opening the file system.
+     */
+    JrtFileSystem(JrtFileSystemProvider provider)
+            throws IOException {
+        this.provider = provider;
+        this.image = SystemImage.open(PreviewMode.FOR_RUNTIME);  // open image file
+        this.isOpen = true;
+        // Only the system singleton jrt file system is "unclosable".
+        this.isClosable = false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new, non-system, instance of the jrt file system.
+     *
+     * @param provider the provider opening the file system.
+     * @param mode controls whether preview resources are visible.
+     */
+    JrtFileSystem(JrtFileSystemProvider provider, PreviewMode mode)
+            throws IOException {
         this.provider = provider;
-        // TODO: Obtain and pass correct preview mode flag value here.
-        this.image = SystemImage.open(PreviewMode.DISABLED);  // open image file
+        this.image = SystemImage.open(mode);  // open image file
         this.isOpen = true;
-        this.isClosable = env != null;
+        this.isClosable = true;
     }
 
     // FileSystem method implementations
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/JrtFileSystemProvider.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/JrtFileSystemProvider.java
index 9ee620f4137..ca1910c35cc 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/JrtFileSystemProvider.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/JrtFileSystemProvider.java
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
  */
 package jdk.internal.jrtfs;
 
+import jdk.internal.jimage.PreviewMode;
+
 import java.io.*;
 import java.net.MalformedURLException;
 import java.net.URL;
@@ -44,7 +46,7 @@
 
 /**
  * File system provider for jrt file systems. Conditionally creates jrt fs on
- * .jimage file or exploded modules directory of underlying JDK.
+ * a jimage file, or exploded modules directory of underlying JDK.
  *
  * @implNote This class needs to maintain JDK 8 source compatibility.
  *
@@ -107,8 +109,20 @@ public FileSystem newFileSystem(URI uri, Map<String, ?> env)
         if (env.containsKey("java.home")) {
             return newFileSystem((String)env.get("java.home"), uri, env);
         } else {
-            return new JrtFileSystem(this, env);
+            return new JrtFileSystem(this, parsePreviewMode(env.get("previewMode")));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Currently this does not support specifying "for runtime", because it is
+    // expected that callers creating non-standard image readers will not be
+    // using them to read resources for the current runtime (they would just
+    // use "jrt:" URLs if they were doing that).
+    private static PreviewMode parsePreviewMode(Object envValue) {
+        if (envValue instanceof String && Boolean.parseBoolean((String) envValue)) {
+            return PreviewMode.ENABLED;
         }
+        // Default (unspecified/null or bad parameter) is to not use preview mode.
+        return PreviewMode.DISABLED;
     }
 
     private static final String JRT_FS_JAR = "jrt-fs.jar";
@@ -208,7 +222,8 @@ private FileSystem getTheFileSystem() {
                 fs = this.theFileSystem;
                 if (fs == null) {
                     try {
-                        this.theFileSystem = fs = new JrtFileSystem(this, null);
+                        // Special constructor call for singleton instance.
+                        this.theFileSystem = fs = new JrtFileSystem(this);
                     } catch (IOException ioe) {
                         throw new InternalError(ioe);
                     }
@@ -226,7 +241,7 @@ public FileSystem getFileSystem(URI uri) {
     }
 
     // Checks that the given file is a JrtPath
-    static final JrtPath toJrtPath(Path path) {
+    static JrtPath toJrtPath(Path path) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(path, "path");
         if (!(path instanceof JrtPath)) {
             throw new ProviderMismatchException();
@@ -257,7 +272,7 @@ public void createDirectory(Path path, FileAttribute<?>... attrs)
     }
 
     @Override
-    public final void delete(Path path) throws IOException {
+    public void delete(Path path) throws IOException {
         toJrtPath(path).delete();
     }
 
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/SystemImage.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/SystemImage.java
index 560e4942a17..501f7e8628d 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/SystemImage.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/SystemImage.java
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ public static SystemImage fromDirectory(Path modulesDir, PreviewMode mode) throw
         if (!Files.isDirectory(modulesDir)) {
             throw new FileSystemNotFoundException(modulesDir.toString());
         }
-        return new ExplodedImage(modulesDir);
+        return new ExplodedImage(modulesDir, mode.isPreviewModeEnabled());
     }
 
     private static final String RUNTIME_HOME;
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/misc/Unsafe.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/misc/Unsafe.java
index dd4b9e079c4..2965cb8bb48 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/misc/Unsafe.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/misc/Unsafe.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.AOTSafeClassInitializer;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.ForceInline;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.IntrinsicCandidate;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
 import sun.nio.Cleaner;
 import sun.nio.ch.DirectBuffer;
 
@@ -42,14 +43,55 @@
  * Although the class and all methods are public, use of this class is
  * limited because only trusted code can obtain instances of it.
  *
- * <em>Note:</em> It is the responsibility of the caller to make sure
- * arguments are checked before methods of this class are
- * called. While some rudimentary checks are performed on the input,
- * the checks are best effort and when performance is an overriding
- * priority, as when methods of this class are optimized by the
- * runtime compiler, some or all checks (if any) may be elided. Hence,
- * the caller must not rely on the checks and corresponding
- * exceptions!
+ * <h2><a id="undefined-behavior">Undefined Behavior</a></h2>
+ * For performance reasons, {@code Unsafe} is allowed to work outside the
+ * restrictions enforced by the JVM. As a result, it is the responsibility of
+ * the caller to ensure that an invocation of an {@code Unsafe} method is
+ * conformant, and failure to do so will result in undefined behavior. The
+ * runtime and the JIT compiler may assume that undefined behavior never
+ * happens, and operate accordingly. For example, the runtime assumes that each
+ * object has a header with a particular layout, and if the users use
+ * {@code Unsafe} to overwrite this header with invalid data, the behavior of
+ * the runtime becomes unpredictable. Another example is that the JIT compiler
+ * may assume that accesses on separate objects are unrelated, and schedule
+ * each of them without taking into consideration the others. If there is an
+ * {@code Unsafe} access that is out of bounds and points to object different
+ * from the declared base, the program may execute in a way that a variable
+ * seems to have multiple values at the same time. As a result, when a program
+ * exhibits undefined behavior, there is no restrictions on its behaviors. Such
+ * behaviors may include but not be limited to:
+ *
+ * <ul>
+ * <li>Working as expected.
+ * <li>Crashing the VM.
+ * <li>Corruption of the heap or JVM memory.
+ * <li>Nonsensical variable value. E.g. an {@code int} may appear to be
+ * simultaneously 0 and 1.
+ * <li>Impossible code execution. E.g. the branches of an {@code if} are
+ * both executed or both not executed.
+ * <li>Wiping out the hard drive.
+ * </ul>
+ *
+ * Undefined behavior, as described in this class, is analogous to the
+ * terminology with the same name in the C++ language.
+ * <p>
+ * Some methods (e.g. {@link #getInt}) exhibit undefined behavior if they
+ * are invoked at runtime with illegal arguments. This means that they will
+ * never exhibit undefined behavior if they are not actually reachable at
+ * runtime. On the other hands, other methods (e.g.
+ * {@link #allocateInstance(Class)}) exhibit undefined behavior if they are
+ * used incorrectly, even if the invocation may not be reachable at runtime.
+ * The analogous terminology in C++ is that such programs are ill-formed.
+ * <p>
+ * For methods exhibiting undefined behavior if they are invoked at runtime
+ * with illegal arguments, undefined behavior may time travel. That is, if a
+ * control path may eventually reach an invocation of an {@code Unsafe} method
+ * with illegal arguments, the symptoms of undefined behavior may be present
+ * even before the invocation of the {@code Unsafe} method. This is because the
+ * JIT compiler may have certain assumptions about the inputs of an
+ * {@code Unsafe} invocation, these assumptions may propagate backward to
+ * previous statements, leading to wrong executions if the assumptions are
+ * invalid.
  *
  * @author John R. Rose
  * @see #getUnsafe
@@ -186,8 +228,99 @@ public static Unsafe getUnsafe() {
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     public native void putInt(Object o, long offset, int x);
 
+    /**
+     * Returns true if the given field is flattened.
+     */
+    public boolean isFlatField(Field f) {
+        if (f == null) {
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+        }
+        return isFlatField0(f);
+    }
+
+    private native boolean isFlatField0(Object o);
+
+    /* Returns true if the given field has a null marker
+     * <p>
+     * Nullable flat fields are stored in a flattened representation
+     * and have an associated null marker to indicate if the the field value is
+     * null or the one stored with the flat representation
+     */
+
+    public boolean hasNullMarker(Field f) {
+        if (f == null) {
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+        }
+        return hasNullMarker0(f);
+    }
+
+    private native boolean hasNullMarker0(Object o);
+
+    /* Returns the offset of the null marker of the field,
+    * or -1 if the field doesn't have a null marker
+    */
+
+    public int nullMarkerOffset(Field f) {
+        if (f == null) {
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+        }
+        return nullMarkerOffset0(f);
+    }
+
+    private native int nullMarkerOffset0(Object o);
+
+    /**
+     * The layout value for a "reference pointer" layout. This is the only
+     * value layout values should check against; all other layout values
+     * represent some kind of flat layout opaque to Java code.
+     *
+     * @see #arrayLayout
+     * @see #fieldLayout
+     */
+    public static final int NON_FLAT_LAYOUT = 0;
+
+    /* Reports the kind of layout used for an element in the storage
+     * allocation of the given array. Do not expect to perform any logic
+     * or layout control with this value, it is just an opaque token
+     * used for performance reasons.
+     *
+     * A layout of 0 indicates this array is not flat.
+     */
+    public int arrayLayout(Object[] array) {
+        if (array == null) {
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+        }
+        return arrayLayout0(array);
+    }
+
+    @IntrinsicCandidate
+    private native int arrayLayout0(Object[] array);
+
+
+    /* Reports the kind of layout used for a given field in the storage
+     * allocation of its class.  Do not expect to perform any logic
+     * or layout control with this value, it is just an opaque token
+     * used for performance reasons.
+     *
+     * A layout of 0 indicates this field is not flat.
+     */
+    public int fieldLayout(Field f) {
+        if (f == null) {
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+        }
+        return fieldLayout0(f);
+    }
+
+    private native int fieldLayout0(Object o);
+
+    public native Object[] newSpecialArray(Class<?> componentType,
+                                                  int length, int layoutKind);
+
     /**
      * Fetches a reference value from a given Java variable.
+     * This method can return a reference to either an object or value
+     * or a null reference.
+     *
      * @see #getInt(Object, long)
      */
     @IntrinsicCandidate
@@ -195,6 +328,8 @@ public static Unsafe getUnsafe() {
 
     /**
      * Stores a reference value into a given Java variable.
+     * This method can store a reference to either an object or value
+     * or a null reference.
      * <p>
      * Unless the reference {@code x} being stored is either null
      * or matches the field type, the results are undefined.
@@ -206,6 +341,64 @@ public static Unsafe getUnsafe() {
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     public native void putReference(Object o, long offset, Object x);
 
+    /**
+     * Fetches a value of type {@code <V>} from a given Java variable.
+     * More specifically, fetches a field or array element within the given
+     * {@code o} object at the given offset, or (if {@code o} is null)
+     * from the memory address whose numerical value is the given offset.
+     *
+     * @apiNote
+     * The returned object is newly allocated into the heap, because flat
+     * values lack object headers and thus can't be used as objects directly.
+     *
+     * @param o Java heap object in which the variable resides, if any, else
+     *        null
+     * @param offset indication of where the variable resides in a Java heap
+     *        object, if any, else a memory address locating the variable
+     *        statically
+     * @param layoutKind opaque value used by the VM to know the layout
+     *        the field or array element. This value must be retrieved with
+     *        {@link #fieldLayout} or {@link #arrayLayout}.
+     * @param valueType value type
+     * @param <V> the type of a value
+     * @return the value fetched from the indicated Java variable
+     * @throws RuntimeException No defined exceptions are thrown, not even
+     *         {@link NullPointerException}
+     */
+    @IntrinsicCandidate
+    public native <V> V getFlatValue(Object o, long offset, int layoutKind, Class<?> valueType);
+
+    /**
+     * Stores the given value into a given Java variable.
+     *
+     * Unless the reference {@code o} being stored is either null
+     * or matches the field type, the results are undefined.
+     *
+     * @param o Java heap object in which the variable resides, if any, else
+     *        null
+     * @param offset indication of where the variable resides in a Java heap
+     *        object, if any, else a memory address locating the variable
+     *        statically
+     * @param layoutKind opaque value used by the VM to know the layout
+     *        the field or array element. This value must be retrieved with
+     *        {@link #fieldLayout} or {@link #arrayLayout}.
+     * @param valueType value type
+     * @param v the value to store into the indicated Java variable
+     * @param <V> the type of a value
+     * @throws RuntimeException No defined exceptions are thrown, not even
+     *         {@link NullPointerException}
+     */
+    @IntrinsicCandidate
+    public native <V> void putFlatValue(Object o, long offset, int layoutKind, Class<?> valueType, V v);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the header size of the given value type.
+     *
+     * @param valueType value type
+     * @return the header size of the value type
+     */
+    public native <V> long valueHeaderSize(Class<V> valueType);
+
     /** @see #getInt(Object, long) */
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     public native boolean getBoolean(Object o, long offset);
@@ -1164,7 +1357,7 @@ public Object staticFieldBase(Field f) {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Detects if the given class may need to be initialized. This is often
+     * Detects if the given class is not yet fully initialized. This is often
      * needed in conjunction with obtaining the static field base of a
      * class.
      * @return false only if a call to {@code ensureClassInitialized} would have no effect
@@ -1195,6 +1388,21 @@ public void ensureClassInitialized(Class<?> c) {
         ensureClassInitialized0(c);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * The reading or writing of strict static fields may require
+     * special processing.  Notify the VM that such an event is about
+     * to happen.  The VM may respond by throwing an exception, in the
+     * case of a read of an uninitialized field.  If the VM allows the
+     * method to return normally, no further calls are needed, with
+     * the same arguments.
+     */
+    public void notifyStrictStaticAccess(Class<?> c, long staticFieldOffset, boolean writing) {
+        if (c == null) {
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+        }
+        notifyStrictStaticAccess0(c, staticFieldOffset, writing);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Reports the offset of the first element in the storage allocation of a
      * given array class.  If {@link #arrayIndexScale} returns a non-zero value
@@ -1205,6 +1413,11 @@ public void ensureClassInitialized(Class<?> c) {
      * The return value is in the range of a {@code int}.  The return type is
      * {@code long} to emphasize that long arithmetic should always be used
      * for offset calculations to avoid overflows.
+     * <p>
+     * This method doesn't support arrays with an element type that is
+     * a value class, because this type of array can have multiple layouts.
+     * For these arrays, {@code arrayInstanceBaseOffset(Object[] array)}
+     * must be used instead.
      *
      * @see #getInt(Object, long)
      * @see #putInt(Object, long, int)
@@ -1217,6 +1430,13 @@ public long arrayBaseOffset(Class<?> arrayClass) {
         return arrayBaseOffset0(arrayClass);
     }
 
+    public long arrayInstanceBaseOffset(Object[] array) {
+        if (array == null) {
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+        }
+
+        return arrayInstanceBaseOffset0(array);
+    }
 
     /** The value of {@code arrayBaseOffset(boolean[].class)} */
     public static final long ARRAY_BOOLEAN_BASE_OFFSET
@@ -1263,6 +1483,11 @@ public long arrayBaseOffset(Class<?> arrayClass) {
      * <p>
      * The computation of the actual memory offset should always use {@code
      * long} arithmetic to avoid overflows.
+     * <p>
+     * This method doesn't support arrays with an element type that is
+     * a value class, because this type of array can have multiple layouts.
+     * For these arrays, {@code arrayInstanceIndexScale(Object[] array)}
+     * must be used instead.
      *
      * @see #arrayBaseOffset
      * @see #getInt(Object, long)
@@ -1276,6 +1501,47 @@ public int arrayIndexScale(Class<?> arrayClass) {
         return arrayIndexScale0(arrayClass);
     }
 
+    public int arrayInstanceIndexScale(Object[] array) {
+        if (array == null) {
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+        }
+
+        return arrayInstanceIndexScale0(array);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the acmp map of this class, which must be a concrete value class.
+     * Intended to be used by substitutability test in ValueObjectMethods only.
+     * The format is subject to change.
+     */
+    public int[] getFieldMap(Class<?> c) {
+        if (c == null) {
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+        }
+        return getFieldMap0(c);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * For a field of type {@code c}, returns true if and only if there is
+     * a possible flat layout that contains no oop.
+     * Required for numerical CAS safety.
+     */
+    public boolean isFlatPayloadBinary(Class<?> c) {
+        int[] map = getFieldMap(c);
+        int nbNonRef = map[0];
+        return nbNonRef * 2 + 1 == map.length;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the size of the object in the heap.
+     * @param o an object
+     * @return the objects's size
+     */
+    public long getObjectSize(Object o) {
+        if (o == null)
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+        return getObjectSize0(o);
+    }
 
     /** The value of {@code arrayIndexScale(boolean[].class)} */
     public static final int ARRAY_BOOLEAN_INDEX_SCALE
@@ -1379,6 +1645,11 @@ public native Class<?> defineClass0(String name, byte[] b, int off, int len,
     /**
      * Allocates an instance but does not run any constructor.
      * Initializes the class if it has not yet been.
+     * <p>
+     * This method returns an uninitialized instance. In general, this is undefined behavior, this
+     * method is treated specially by the JVM to allow this behavior. The returned value must be
+     * passed into a constructor using {@link MethodHandle#linkToSpecial} before any other
+     * operation can be performed on it. Otherwise, the program is ill-formed.
      */
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     public native Object allocateInstance(Class<?> cls)
@@ -1454,11 +1725,82 @@ public final native boolean compareAndSetReference(Object o, long offset,
                                                        Object expected,
                                                        Object x);
 
+    @ForceInline
+    private final boolean isValueObject(Class<?> valueType, Object o) {
+        return ValueClass.isValueObjectCompatible(valueType)
+                && o != null && o.getClass().isValue();
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * For value type, CAS should do substitutability test as opposed
+     * to two pointers comparison.
+     */
+    @ForceInline
+    public final <V> boolean compareAndSetReference(Object o, long offset,
+                                                    Class<?> type,
+                                                    V expected,
+                                                    V x) {
+        if (isValueObject(type, expected)) {
+            while (true) {
+                Object witness = getReferenceVolatile(o, offset);
+                if (witness != expected) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                if (compareAndSetReference(o, offset, witness, x)) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            return compareAndSetReference(o, offset, expected, x);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public final <V> boolean compareAndSetFlatValue(Object o, long offset,
+                                                int layout,
+                                                Class<?> valueType,
+                                                V expected,
+                                                V x) {
+        Object[] array = newSpecialArray(valueType, 2, layout);
+        return compareAndSetFlatValueAsBytes(array, o, offset, layout, valueType, expected, x);
+    }
+
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     public final native Object compareAndExchangeReference(Object o, long offset,
                                                            Object expected,
                                                            Object x);
 
+    @ForceInline
+    public final <V> Object compareAndExchangeReference(Object o, long offset,
+                                                        Class<?> valueType,
+                                                        V expected,
+                                                        V x) {
+        if (isValueObject(valueType, expected)) {
+            while (true) {
+                Object witness = getReferenceVolatile(o, offset);
+                if (witness != expected) {
+                    return witness;
+                }
+                if (compareAndSetReference(o, offset, witness, x)) {
+                    return witness;
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            return compareAndExchangeReference(o, offset, expected, x);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public final <V> Object compareAndExchangeFlatValue(Object o, long offset,
+                                                    int layout,
+                                                    Class<?> valueType,
+                                                    V expected,
+                                                    V x) {
+        Object[] array = newSpecialArray(valueType, 2, layout);
+        compareAndSetFlatValueAsBytes(array, o, offset, layout, valueType, expected, x);
+        return array[0];
+    }
+
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     public final Object compareAndExchangeReferenceAcquire(Object o, long offset,
                                                            Object expected,
@@ -1466,6 +1808,22 @@ public final Object compareAndExchangeReferenceAcquire(Object o, long offset,
         return compareAndExchangeReference(o, offset, expected, x);
     }
 
+    public final <V> Object compareAndExchangeReferenceAcquire(Object o, long offset,
+                                                               Class<?> valueType,
+                                                               V expected,
+                                                               V x) {
+        return compareAndExchangeReference(o, offset, valueType, expected, x);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public final <V> Object compareAndExchangeFlatValueAcquire(Object o, long offset,
+                                                           int layout,
+                                                           Class<?> valueType,
+                                                           V expected,
+                                                           V x) {
+        return compareAndExchangeFlatValue(o, offset, layout, valueType, expected, x);
+    }
+
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     public final Object compareAndExchangeReferenceRelease(Object o, long offset,
                                                            Object expected,
@@ -1473,6 +1831,22 @@ public final Object compareAndExchangeReferenceRelease(Object o, long offset,
         return compareAndExchangeReference(o, offset, expected, x);
     }
 
+    public final <V> Object compareAndExchangeReferenceRelease(Object o, long offset,
+                                                               Class<?> valueType,
+                                                               V expected,
+                                                               V x) {
+        return compareAndExchangeReference(o, offset, valueType, expected, x);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public final <V> Object compareAndExchangeFlatValueRelease(Object o, long offset,
+                                                           int layout,
+                                                           Class<?> valueType,
+                                                           V expected,
+                                                           V x) {
+        return compareAndExchangeFlatValue(o, offset, layout, valueType, expected, x);
+    }
+
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     public final boolean weakCompareAndSetReferencePlain(Object o, long offset,
                                                          Object expected,
@@ -1480,6 +1854,27 @@ public final boolean weakCompareAndSetReferencePlain(Object o, long offset,
         return compareAndSetReference(o, offset, expected, x);
     }
 
+    public final <V> boolean weakCompareAndSetReferencePlain(Object o, long offset,
+                                                             Class<?> valueType,
+                                                             V expected,
+                                                             V x) {
+        if (isValueObject(valueType, expected)) {
+            // Reusing a stronger operation for now, still compliant
+            return compareAndSetReference(o, offset, valueType, expected, x);
+        } else {
+            return weakCompareAndSetReferencePlain(o, offset, expected, x);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public final <V> boolean weakCompareAndSetFlatValuePlain(Object o, long offset,
+                                                         int layout,
+                                                         Class<?> valueType,
+                                                         V expected,
+                                                         V x) {
+        return compareAndSetFlatValue(o, offset, layout, valueType, expected, x);
+    }
+
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     public final boolean weakCompareAndSetReferenceAcquire(Object o, long offset,
                                                            Object expected,
@@ -1487,6 +1882,27 @@ public final boolean weakCompareAndSetReferenceAcquire(Object o, long offset,
         return compareAndSetReference(o, offset, expected, x);
     }
 
+    public final <V> boolean weakCompareAndSetReferenceAcquire(Object o, long offset,
+                                                               Class<?> valueType,
+                                                               V expected,
+                                                               V x) {
+        if (isValueObject(valueType, expected)) {
+            // Reusing a stronger operation for now, still compliant
+            return compareAndSetReference(o, offset, valueType, expected, x);
+        } else {
+            return weakCompareAndSetReferenceAcquire(o, offset, expected, x);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public final <V> boolean weakCompareAndSetFlatValueAcquire(Object o, long offset,
+                                                           int layout,
+                                                           Class<?> valueType,
+                                                           V expected,
+                                                           V x) {
+        return compareAndSetFlatValue(o, offset, layout, valueType, expected, x);
+    }
+
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     public final boolean weakCompareAndSetReferenceRelease(Object o, long offset,
                                                            Object expected,
@@ -1494,6 +1910,27 @@ public final boolean weakCompareAndSetReferenceRelease(Object o, long offset,
         return compareAndSetReference(o, offset, expected, x);
     }
 
+    public final <V> boolean weakCompareAndSetReferenceRelease(Object o, long offset,
+                                                               Class<?> valueType,
+                                                               V expected,
+                                                               V x) {
+        if (isValueObject(valueType, expected)) {
+            // Reusing a stronger operation for now, still compliant
+            return compareAndSetReference(o, offset, valueType, expected, x);
+        } else {
+            return weakCompareAndSetReferenceRelease(o, offset, expected, x);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public final <V> boolean weakCompareAndSetFlatValueRelease(Object o, long offset,
+                                                           int layout,
+                                                           Class<?> valueType,
+                                                           V expected,
+                                                           V x) {
+        return compareAndSetFlatValue(o, offset, layout, valueType, expected, x);
+    }
+
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     public final boolean weakCompareAndSetReference(Object o, long offset,
                                                     Object expected,
@@ -1501,6 +1938,27 @@ public final boolean weakCompareAndSetReference(Object o, long offset,
         return compareAndSetReference(o, offset, expected, x);
     }
 
+    public final <V> boolean weakCompareAndSetReference(Object o, long offset,
+                                                        Class<?> valueType,
+                                                        V expected,
+                                                        V x) {
+        if (isValueObject(valueType, expected)) {
+            // Reusing a stronger operation for now, still compliant
+            return compareAndSetReference(o, offset, valueType, expected, x);
+        } else {
+            return weakCompareAndSetReference(o, offset, expected, x);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public final <V> boolean weakCompareAndSetFlatValue(Object o, long offset,
+                                                    int layout,
+                                                    Class<?> valueType,
+                                                    V expected,
+                                                    V x) {
+        return compareAndSetFlatValue(o, offset, layout, valueType, expected, x);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Atomically updates Java variable to {@code x} if it is currently
      * holding {@code expected}.
@@ -2113,6 +2571,14 @@ public final boolean weakCompareAndSetLong(Object o, long offset,
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     public native Object getReferenceVolatile(Object o, long offset);
 
+    @ForceInline
+    public final <V> Object getFlatValueVolatile(Object o, long offset, int layout, Class<?> valueType) {
+        // we translate using fences (see: https://gee.cs.oswego.edu/dl/html/j9mm.html)
+        Object res = getFlatValue(o, offset, layout, valueType);
+        fullFence();
+        return res;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Stores a reference value into a given Java variable, with
      * volatile store semantics. Otherwise identical to {@link #putReference(Object, long, Object)}
@@ -2120,6 +2586,13 @@ public final boolean weakCompareAndSetLong(Object o, long offset,
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     public native void putReferenceVolatile(Object o, long offset, Object x);
 
+    @ForceInline
+    public final <V> void putFlatValueVolatile(Object o, long offset, int layout, Class<?> valueType, V x) {
+        // we translate using fences (see: https://gee.cs.oswego.edu/dl/html/j9mm.html)
+        putFlatValueRelease(o, offset, layout, valueType, x);
+        fullFence();
+    }
+
     /** Volatile version of {@link #getInt(Object, long)}  */
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     public native int     getIntVolatile(Object o, long offset);
@@ -2192,6 +2665,14 @@ public final Object getReferenceAcquire(Object o, long offset) {
         return getReferenceVolatile(o, offset);
     }
 
+    @ForceInline
+    public final <V> Object getFlatValueAcquire(Object o, long offset, int layout, Class<?> valueType) {
+        // we translate using fences (see: https://gee.cs.oswego.edu/dl/html/j9mm.html)
+        Object res = getFlatValue(o, offset, layout, valueType);
+        loadFence();
+        return res;
+    }
+
     /** Acquire version of {@link #getBooleanVolatile(Object, long)} */
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     public final boolean getBooleanAcquire(Object o, long offset) {
@@ -2256,6 +2737,13 @@ public final void putReferenceRelease(Object o, long offset, Object x) {
         putReferenceVolatile(o, offset, x);
     }
 
+    @ForceInline
+    public final <V> void putFlatValueRelease(Object o, long offset, int layout, Class<?> valueType, V x) {
+        // we translate using fences (see: https://gee.cs.oswego.edu/dl/html/j9mm.html)
+        storeFence();
+        putFlatValue(o, offset, layout, valueType, x);
+    }
+
     /** Release version of {@link #putBooleanVolatile(Object, long, boolean)} */
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     public final void putBooleanRelease(Object o, long offset, boolean x) {
@@ -2312,6 +2800,12 @@ public final Object getReferenceOpaque(Object o, long offset) {
         return getReferenceVolatile(o, offset);
     }
 
+    @ForceInline
+    public final <V> Object getFlatValueOpaque(Object o, long offset, int layout, Class<?> valueType) {
+        // this is stronger than opaque semantics
+        return getFlatValueAcquire(o, offset, layout, valueType);
+    }
+
     /** Opaque version of {@link #getBooleanVolatile(Object, long)} */
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     public final boolean getBooleanOpaque(Object o, long offset) {
@@ -2366,6 +2860,12 @@ public final void putReferenceOpaque(Object o, long offset, Object x) {
         putReferenceVolatile(o, offset, x);
     }
 
+    @ForceInline
+    public final <V> void putFlatValueOpaque(Object o, long offset, int layout, Class<?> valueType, V x) {
+        // this is stronger than opaque semantics
+        putFlatValueRelease(o, offset, layout, valueType, x);
+    }
+
     /** Opaque version of {@link #putBooleanVolatile(Object, long, boolean)} */
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     public final void putBooleanOpaque(Object o, long offset, boolean x) {
@@ -2414,6 +2914,83 @@ public final void putDoubleOpaque(Object o, long offset, double x) {
         putDoubleVolatile(o, offset, x);
     }
 
+    @ForceInline
+    private boolean compareAndSetFlatValueAsBytes(Object[] array, Object o, long offset, int layout, Class<?> valueType, Object expected, Object x) {
+        // We can convert between a value object and a binary value (of suitable size) using array elements.
+        // This only works if the payload contains no oops (see VarHandles::isAtomicFlat).
+        // Thus, we can implement the CAS with a plain numeric CAS.
+
+        // array[0]: witness (put as binary, get as object), at base
+        // array[1]: x (put as object, get as binary), at base + scale
+        // When witness == expected, the witness binary may be different from the expected binary.
+        // This happens when compiler does not zero unused positions in the witness.
+        // So we must obtain the witness binary and use it as expected binary for the numeric CAS.
+        long base = arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array);
+        int scale = arrayInstanceIndexScale(array);
+        putFlatValue(array, base + scale, layout, valueType, x); // put x as object
+        switch (scale) {
+            case 1: {
+                do {
+                    byte witnessByte = getByteVolatile(o, offset);
+                    putByte(array, base, witnessByte); // put witness as binary
+                    Object witness = getFlatValue(array, base, layout, valueType); // get witness as object
+                    if (witness != expected) {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    byte xByte = getByte(array, base + scale); // get x as binary
+                    if (compareAndSetByte(o, offset, witnessByte, xByte)) {
+                        return true;
+                    }
+                } while (true);
+            }
+            case 2: {
+                do {
+                    short witnessShort = getShortVolatile(o, offset);
+                    putShort(array, base, witnessShort); // put witness as binary
+                    Object witness = getFlatValue(array, base, layout, valueType); // get witness as object
+                    if (witness != expected) {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    short xShort = getShort(array, base + scale); // get x as binary
+                    if (compareAndSetShort(o, offset, witnessShort, xShort)) {
+                        return true;
+                    }
+                } while (true);
+            }
+            case 4: {
+                do {
+                    int witnessInt = getIntVolatile(o, offset);
+                    putInt(array, base, witnessInt); // put witness as binary
+                    Object witness = getFlatValue(array, base, layout, valueType); // get witness as object
+                    if (witness != expected) {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    int xInt = getInt(array, base + scale); // get x as binary
+                    if (compareAndSetInt(o, offset, witnessInt, xInt)) {
+                        return true;
+                    }
+                } while (true);
+            }
+            case 8: {
+                do {
+                    long witnessLong = getLongVolatile(o, offset);
+                    putLong(array, base, witnessLong); // put witness as binary
+                    Object witness = getFlatValue(array, base, layout, valueType);
+                    if (witness != expected) {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    long xLong = getLong(array, base + scale); // get x as binary
+                    if (compareAndSetLong(o, offset, witnessLong, xLong)) {
+                        return true;
+                    }
+                } while (true);
+            }
+            default: {
+                throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * Unblocks the given thread blocked on {@code park}, or, if it is
      * not blocked, causes the subsequent call to {@code park} not to
@@ -2800,6 +3377,24 @@ public final Object getAndSetReference(Object o, long offset, Object newValue) {
         return v;
     }
 
+    @ForceInline
+    public final Object getAndSetReference(Object o, long offset, Class<?> valueType, Object newValue) {
+        Object v;
+        do {
+            v = getReferenceVolatile(o, offset);
+        } while (!compareAndSetReference(o, offset, valueType, v, newValue));
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object getAndSetFlatValue(Object o, long offset, int layoutKind, Class<?> valueType, Object newValue) {
+        Object v;
+        do {
+            v = getFlatValueVolatile(o, offset, layoutKind, valueType);
+        } while (!compareAndSetFlatValue(o, offset, layoutKind, valueType, v, newValue));
+        return v;
+    }
+
     @ForceInline
     public final Object getAndSetReferenceRelease(Object o, long offset, Object newValue) {
         Object v;
@@ -2809,6 +3404,16 @@ public final Object getAndSetReferenceRelease(Object o, long offset, Object newV
         return v;
     }
 
+    @ForceInline
+    public final Object getAndSetReferenceRelease(Object o, long offset, Class<?> valueType, Object newValue) {
+        return getAndSetReference(o, offset, valueType, newValue);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object getAndSetFlatValueRelease(Object o, long offset, int layoutKind, Class<?> valueType, Object x) {
+        return getAndSetFlatValue(o, offset, layoutKind, valueType, x);
+    }
+
     @ForceInline
     public final Object getAndSetReferenceAcquire(Object o, long offset, Object newValue) {
         Object v;
@@ -2818,6 +3423,16 @@ public final Object getAndSetReferenceAcquire(Object o, long offset, Object newV
         return v;
     }
 
+    @ForceInline
+    public final Object getAndSetReferenceAcquire(Object o, long offset, Class<?> valueType, Object newValue) {
+        return getAndSetReference(o, offset, valueType, newValue);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object getAndSetFlatValueAcquire(Object o, long offset, int layoutKind, Class<?> valueType, Object x) {
+        return getAndSetFlatValue(o, offset, layoutKind, valueType, x);
+    }
+
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     public final byte getAndSetByte(Object o, long offset, byte newValue) {
         byte v;
@@ -3873,9 +4488,17 @@ private void putShortParts(Object o, long offset, byte i0, byte i1) {
     private native Object staticFieldBase0(Field f); // throws IAE
     private native boolean shouldBeInitialized0(Class<?> c);
     private native void ensureClassInitialized0(Class<?> c);
+    private native void notifyStrictStaticAccess0(Class<?> c, long staticFieldOffset, boolean writing);
     private native int arrayBaseOffset0(Class<?> arrayClass); // public version returns long to promote correct arithmetic
+    @IntrinsicCandidate
+    private native int arrayInstanceBaseOffset0(Object[] array);
     private native int arrayIndexScale0(Class<?> arrayClass);
+    @IntrinsicCandidate
+    private native int arrayInstanceIndexScale0(Object[] array);
+    private native long getObjectSize0(Object o);
     private native int getLoadAverage0(double[] loadavg, int nelems);
+    @IntrinsicCandidate
+    private native int[] getFieldMap0(Class <?> c);
 
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/module/ModulePath.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/module/ModulePath.java
index 2804079c5f9..e92990712d2 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/module/ModulePath.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/module/ModulePath.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -70,11 +70,16 @@
 
 /**
  * A {@code ModuleFinder} that locates modules on the file system by searching
- * a sequence of directories or packaged modules. The ModuleFinder can be
- * created to work in either the run-time or link-time phases. In both cases it
- * locates modular JAR and exploded modules. When created for link-time then it
- * additionally locates modules in JMOD files. The ModuleFinder can also
- * optionally patch any modules that it locates with a ModulePatcher.
+ * a sequence of directories or packaged modules.
+ *
+ * <p> A ModulePath can be created to locate modules on a module path at run-time or
+ * link-time. In both cases it supports modular JARs and exploded modules. At link-time
+ * it additionally locates modules in JMOD files. The ModuleFinder can also optionally
+ * patch the modules that it locates with a ModulePatcher.
+ *
+ * <p> A ModulePath can also be created to locate modules in a JDK exploded image. It
+ * can optionally patch any modules that it locates with a ModulePatcher, and it can
+ * support preview classes in META-INF/preview when running with preview features enabled.
  */
 
 public class ModulePath implements ModuleFinder {
@@ -89,21 +94,26 @@ public class ModulePath implements ModuleFinder {
     // for patching modules, can be null
     private final ModulePatcher patcher;
 
+    // true for a module path to a JDK exploded image and preview features are enabled
+    private final boolean previewMode;
+
     // the entries on this module path
     private final Path[] entries;
     private int next;
 
-    // map of module name to module reference map for modules already located
+    // map of module name to module reference for modules already located
     private final Map<String, ModuleReference> cachedModules = new HashMap<>();
 
 
     private ModulePath(Runtime.Version version,
                        boolean isLinkPhase,
                        ModulePatcher patcher,
+                       boolean previewMode,
                        Path... entries) {
         this.releaseVersion = version;
         this.isLinkPhase = isLinkPhase;
         this.patcher = patcher;
+        this.previewMode = previewMode;
         this.entries = entries.clone();
         for (Path entry : this.entries) {
             Objects.requireNonNull(entry);
@@ -116,7 +126,7 @@ private ModulePath(Runtime.Version version,
      * may be patched by the given ModulePatcher.
      */
     public static ModuleFinder of(ModulePatcher patcher, Path... entries) {
-        return new ModulePath(JarFile.runtimeVersion(), false, patcher, entries);
+        return new ModulePath(JarFile.runtimeVersion(), false, patcher, false, entries);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -124,7 +134,7 @@ public static ModuleFinder of(ModulePatcher patcher, Path... entries) {
      * searching a sequence of directories and/or packaged modules.
      */
     public static ModuleFinder of(Path... entries) {
-        return of((ModulePatcher)null, entries);
+        return of(null, entries);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -137,9 +147,24 @@ public static ModuleFinder of(Path... entries) {
     public static ModuleFinder of(Runtime.Version version,
                                   boolean isLinkPhase,
                                   Path... entries) {
-        return new ModulePath(version, isLinkPhase, null, entries);
+        return new ModulePath(version, isLinkPhase, null, false, entries);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Returns a ModuleFinder that locates modules in a JDK exploded image.
+     * @param modulesDir the modules directory ($JAVA_HOME/modules)
+     * @param patcher the ModulePatcher or null
+     * @param previewMode true if preview features are enabled
+     */
+    public static ModuleFinder ofExplodedImage(Path modulesDir,
+                                               ModulePatcher patcher,
+                                               boolean previewMode) {
+        return new ModulePath(JarFile.runtimeVersion(), // not used for exploded image
+                              false,
+                              patcher,
+                              previewMode,
+                              modulesDir);
+    }
 
     @Override
     public Optional<ModuleReference> find(String name) {
@@ -692,7 +717,7 @@ private ModuleReference readExplodedModule(Path dir) throws IOException {
             // for now
             return null;
         }
-        return ModuleReferences.newExplodedModule(attrs, patcher, dir);
+        return ModuleReferences.newExplodedModule(attrs, patcher, previewMode, dir);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/module/ModuleReferences.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/module/ModuleReferences.java
index c87c039c133..11d54a5da96 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/module/ModuleReferences.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/module/ModuleReferences.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,12 +36,15 @@
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
 import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock;
 import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;
+import java.util.function.Predicate;
 import java.util.function.Supplier;
 import java.util.jar.JarEntry;
 import java.util.jar.JarFile;
@@ -52,7 +55,6 @@
 import jdk.internal.module.ModuleHashes.HashSupplier;
 import sun.net.www.ParseUtil;
 
-
 /**
  * A factory for creating ModuleReference implementations where the modules are
  * packaged as modular JAR file, JMOD files or where the modules are exploded
@@ -122,8 +124,9 @@ static ModuleReference newJModModule(ModuleInfo.Attributes attrs, Path file) {
      */
     static ModuleReference newExplodedModule(ModuleInfo.Attributes attrs,
                                              ModulePatcher patcher,
+                                             boolean previewMode,
                                              Path dir) {
-        Supplier<ModuleReader> supplier = () -> new ExplodedModuleReader(dir);
+        Supplier<ModuleReader> supplier = () -> new ExplodedModuleReader(dir, previewMode);
         return newModule(attrs, dir.toUri(), supplier, patcher, null);
     }
 
@@ -365,24 +368,45 @@ void implClose() throws IOException {
      * A ModuleReader for an exploded module.
      */
     static class ExplodedModuleReader implements ModuleReader {
+        private static final String PREVIEW_PREFIX = "META-INF/preview";
+
         private final Path dir;
+        private final Path previewDir;
         private volatile boolean closed;
 
-        ExplodedModuleReader(Path dir) {
+        ExplodedModuleReader(Path dir, boolean previewMode) {
             this.dir = dir;
+            Path path = dir.resolve("META-INF", "preview");
+            this.previewDir = (previewMode && Files.isDirectory(path)) ? path : null;
         }
 
         /**
-         * Throws IOException if the module reader is closed;
+         * Throws IOException if the module reader is closed.
          */
         private void ensureOpen() throws IOException {
             if (closed) throw new IOException("ModuleReader is closed");
         }
 
+        /**
+         * Returns a file path to a resource in the module or null if not found.
+         */
+        private Path toFilePath(String name) throws IOException {
+            if (previewDir != null) {
+                if (isPreviewEntry(name)) {
+                    return null;
+                }
+                Path previewPath = Resources.toFilePath(previewDir, name);
+                if (previewPath != null) {
+                    return previewPath;
+                }
+            }
+            return Resources.toFilePath(dir, name);
+        }
+
         @Override
         public Optional<URI> find(String name) throws IOException {
             ensureOpen();
-            Path path = Resources.toFilePath(dir, name);
+            Path path = toFilePath(name);
             if (path != null) {
                 try {
                     return Optional.of(path.toUri());
@@ -397,7 +421,7 @@ public Optional<URI> find(String name) throws IOException {
         @Override
         public Optional<InputStream> open(String name) throws IOException {
             ensureOpen();
-            Path path = Resources.toFilePath(dir, name);
+            Path path = toFilePath(name);
             if (path != null) {
                 return Optional.of(Files.newInputStream(path));
             } else {
@@ -408,7 +432,7 @@ public Optional<InputStream> open(String name) throws IOException {
         @Override
         public Optional<ByteBuffer> read(String name) throws IOException {
             ensureOpen();
-            Path path = Resources.toFilePath(dir, name);
+            Path path = toFilePath(name);
             if (path != null) {
                 return Optional.of(ByteBuffer.wrap(Files.readAllBytes(path)));
             } else {
@@ -419,15 +443,48 @@ public Optional<ByteBuffer> read(String name) throws IOException {
         @Override
         public Stream<String> list() throws IOException {
             ensureOpen();
-            return Files.walk(dir, Integer.MAX_VALUE)
-                        .map(f -> Resources.toResourceName(dir, f))
-                        .filter(s -> s.length() > 0);
+
+            // not an exploded image, preview features not enabled, or no META-INF/preview
+            if (previewDir == null) {
+                return Files.walk(dir, Integer.MAX_VALUE)
+                        .skip(1) // skip root
+                        .map(f -> Resources.toResourceName(dir, f));
+            }
+
+            // combine resources from file tree with resources from META-INF/preview
+            var names = new LinkedHashSet<String>();
+            walkAndCollect(dir, rn -> !isPreviewEntry(rn), names);
+            walkAndCollect(previewDir, _ -> true, names);
+            return names.stream();
         }
 
         @Override
         public void close() {
             closed = true;
         }
-    }
 
+        /**
+         * Adds the names of resources in the given tree to a collection if the names
+         * are matched by a given predicate.
+         */
+        private static void walkAndCollect(Path root,
+                                           Predicate<String> matcher,
+                                           Set<String> names) throws IOException {
+            try (Stream<Path> files = Files.walk(root, Integer.MAX_VALUE)) {
+                files.skip(1) // skip root
+                        .map(f -> Resources.toResourceName(root, f))
+                        .filter(matcher)
+                        .forEach(names::add);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns true if a resource is in the META-INF/preview tree.
+         */
+        private static boolean isPreviewEntry(String name) {
+            return name.startsWith(PREVIEW_PREFIX) &&
+                    (name.length() == PREVIEW_PREFIX.length()
+                            || name.charAt(PREVIEW_PREFIX.length()) == '/');
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/module/SystemModuleFinders.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/module/SystemModuleFinders.java
index 565da646e28..aacda47c5be 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/module/SystemModuleFinders.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/module/SystemModuleFinders.java
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@
 import jdk.internal.jimage.SystemImageReader;
 import jdk.internal.access.JavaNetUriAccess;
 import jdk.internal.access.SharedSecrets;
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
 import jdk.internal.util.StaticProperty;
 import jdk.internal.module.ModuleHashes.HashSupplier;
 
@@ -200,11 +201,11 @@ public static ModuleFinder ofSystem() {
 
         }
 
-        // exploded build (do not cache module finder)
+        // exploded build
         Path dir = Path.of(home, "modules");
         if (!Files.isDirectory(dir))
             throw new InternalError("Unable to detect the run-time image");
-        return ModulePath.of(ModuleBootstrap.patcher(), dir);
+        return ModulePath.ofExplodedImage(dir, ModuleBootstrap.patcher(), PreviewFeatures.isEnabled());
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/AccessFlagSet.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/AccessFlagSet.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b286dece8ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/AccessFlagSet.java
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package jdk.internal.reflect;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.AccessFlag;
+import java.lang.reflect.ClassFileFormatVersion;
+import java.util.AbstractSet;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import java.util.function.Predicate;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.Stable;
+
+import static java.lang.reflect.AccessFlag.*;
+
+/// An access flag set is an optimized immutable set backed by an integer mask
+/// and a "definition" that interprets each bit in that mask.
+/// This set has a well-defined iteration order from the least significant bit
+/// to the most significant bit, is null-hostile, and throws UOE for any
+/// modification operation, like the other unmodifiable collections.
+///
+/// The "definition" is an array of 16 entries, the maximum number of different
+/// access flags a classfile `u2 access_flags` field can represent.
+/// Given an access flag bit, we can look up the array entry corresponding to
+/// its bit position to find the corresponding AccessFlag.
+///
+/// The definition can vary by location and class file format of the
+/// access_flags field.
+/// If a bit position does not have an access flag defined, its corresponding
+/// array entry is `null`.
+public final class AccessFlagSet extends AbstractSet<AccessFlag> {
+
+    public static final @Stable AccessFlag[]
+            CLASS_FLAGS = createDefinition(PUBLIC, FINAL, SUPER, INTERFACE, ABSTRACT, SYNTHETIC, ANNOTATION, ENUM, MODULE),
+            FIELD_FLAGS = createDefinition(PUBLIC, PRIVATE, PROTECTED, STATIC, FINAL, VOLATILE, TRANSIENT, SYNTHETIC, ENUM),
+            METHOD_FLAGS = createDefinition(PUBLIC, PRIVATE, PROTECTED, STATIC, FINAL, SYNCHRONIZED, BRIDGE, VARARGS, NATIVE, ABSTRACT, STRICT, SYNTHETIC),
+            INNER_CLASS_FLAGS = createDefinition(PUBLIC, PRIVATE, PROTECTED, STATIC, FINAL, INTERFACE, ABSTRACT, SYNTHETIC, ANNOTATION, ENUM),
+            METHOD_PARAMETER_FLAGS = createDefinition(FINAL, SYNTHETIC, MANDATED),
+            MODULE_FLAGS = createDefinition(OPEN, SYNTHETIC, MANDATED),
+            MODULE_REQUIRES_FLAGS = createDefinition(TRANSITIVE, STATIC_PHASE, SYNTHETIC, MANDATED),
+            MODULE_EXPORTS_FLAGS = createDefinition(SYNTHETIC, MANDATED),
+            MODULE_OPENS_FLAGS = createDefinition(SYNTHETIC, MANDATED);
+
+    /// Finds a definition that works for access flags for a classfile location for the latest class file format.
+    /// @see #findDefinition(Location, ClassFileFormatVersion)
+    public static AccessFlag[] findDefinition(Location location) {
+        return findDefinition(location, ClassFileFormatVersion.latest());
+    }
+
+    /// Finds a definition that works for access flags for a classfile location for the given class file format.
+    /// The definition may define extraneous flags not present in the given class file format, so do not derive
+    /// the mask of defined flags from this definition.
+    public static AccessFlag[] findDefinition(Location location, ClassFileFormatVersion cffv) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(cffv);
+        // implicit null check location
+        return switch (location) {
+            case CLASS -> CLASS_FLAGS;
+            case FIELD -> FIELD_FLAGS;
+            case METHOD -> METHOD_FLAGS;
+            case INNER_CLASS -> INNER_CLASS_FLAGS;
+            case METHOD_PARAMETER -> METHOD_PARAMETER_FLAGS;
+            case MODULE -> MODULE_FLAGS;
+            case MODULE_REQUIRES -> MODULE_REQUIRES_FLAGS;
+            case MODULE_EXPORTS -> MODULE_EXPORTS_FLAGS;
+            case MODULE_OPENS -> MODULE_OPENS_FLAGS;
+        };
+    }
+
+    /// Converts an array of defined access flags to a proper "definition".
+    /// Users no longer have to explicitly assign access flags to their correct bit positions.
+    static AccessFlag[] createDefinition(AccessFlag... known) {
+        var ret = new AccessFlag[Character.SIZE];
+        for (var flag : known) {
+            var mask = flag.mask();
+            int pos = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(mask);
+            assert ret[pos] == null : ret[pos] + " duplicates " + flag;
+            ret[pos] = flag;
+        }
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    /// Creates an access flag set with a mask where every set bit corresponds
+    /// to an access flag in the definition.
+    /// The mask must be validated: if any bit in the mask does not have a
+    /// corresponding access flag, this set will be corrupted.
+    public static Set<AccessFlag> ofValidated(AccessFlag[] definition, int mask) {
+        return new AccessFlagSet(definition, mask);
+    }
+
+    // Minimal mask validation for a definition.
+    // In practice, more bits are usually rejected due to context like class file versions.
+    private static int undefinedMask(AccessFlag[] definition, int mask) {
+        assert definition.length == Character.SIZE;
+        int definedMask = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < Character.SIZE; i++) {
+            if (definition[i] != null) {
+                definedMask |= 1 << i;
+            }
+        }
+        return mask & ~definedMask;
+    }
+
+    private final @Stable AccessFlag[] definition;
+    private final int mask;
+
+    // all mutating methods throw UnsupportedOperationException
+    @Override public boolean add(AccessFlag e) { throw uoe(); }
+    @Override public boolean addAll(Collection<? extends AccessFlag> c) { throw uoe(); }
+    @Override public void    clear() { throw uoe(); }
+    @Override public boolean remove(Object o) { throw uoe(); }
+    @Override public boolean removeAll(Collection<?> c) { throw uoe(); }
+    @Override public boolean removeIf(Predicate<? super AccessFlag> filter) { throw uoe(); }
+    @Override public boolean retainAll(Collection<?> c) { throw uoe(); }
+    private static UnsupportedOperationException uoe() { return new UnsupportedOperationException(); }
+
+    private AccessFlagSet(AccessFlag[] definition, int mask) {
+        assert undefinedMask(definition, mask) == 0 : mask;
+        this.definition = definition;
+        this.mask = mask;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Iterator<AccessFlag> iterator() {
+        return new AccessFlagIterator(definition, mask);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void forEach(Consumer<? super AccessFlag> action) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(action); // in case of empty
+        for (int i = 0; i < Character.SIZE; i++) {
+            if ((mask & (1 << i)) != 0) {
+                action.accept(definition[i]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class AccessFlagIterator implements Iterator<AccessFlag> {
+        private final @Stable AccessFlag[] definition;
+        private int remainingMask;
+
+        private AccessFlagIterator(AccessFlag[] definition, int remainingMask) {
+            this.definition = definition;
+            this.remainingMask = remainingMask;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean hasNext() {
+            return remainingMask != 0;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public AccessFlag next() {
+            int flagBit = Integer.lowestOneBit(remainingMask);
+            if (flagBit == 0) {
+                throw new NoSuchElementException();
+            }
+            remainingMask &= ~flagBit;
+            return definition[Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(flagBit)];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int size() {
+        return Integer.bitCount(mask);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean contains(Object o) {
+        if (Objects.requireNonNull(o) instanceof AccessFlag flag) {
+            int bit = flag.mask();
+            return (bit & mask) != 0 && definition[Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(bit)] == flag;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean isEmpty() {
+        return mask == 0;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleAccessorFactory.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleAccessorFactory.java
index 93a208662d5..ff748a7c03d 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleAccessorFactory.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleAccessorFactory.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2021, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
 import jdk.internal.access.SharedSecrets;
 import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
 import jdk.internal.misc.VM;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
 
 import static java.lang.invoke.MethodType.genericMethodType;
 import static java.lang.invoke.MethodType.methodType;
@@ -117,11 +118,13 @@ static ConstructorAccessorImpl newConstructorAccessor(Constructor<?> ctor) {
      * @param decl the class to instantiate
      * @param ctor the constructor to call
      * @return an accessible constructor
+     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the constructor is not from
+     *         a superclass, if the instantiated class is a value class, or if
+     *         any superclass between the declaring class of the constructor and
+     *         the instantiated class declares a strict instance field
      */
     static ConstructorAccessorImpl newSerializableConstructorAccessor(Class<?> decl, Constructor<?> ctor) {
-        if (!constructorInSuperclass(decl, ctor)) {
-            throw new UnsupportedOperationException(ctor + " not a superclass of " + decl.getName());
-        }
+        validateSerializableConstructor(decl, ctor);
 
         // ExceptionInInitializerError may be thrown during class initialization
         // Ensure class initialized outside the invocation of method handle
@@ -135,17 +138,28 @@ static ConstructorAccessorImpl newSerializableConstructorAccessor(Class<?> decl,
         }
     }
 
-    private static boolean constructorInSuperclass(Class<?> decl, Constructor<?> ctor) {
+    /// Ensures a constructor is a valid super constructor to call for the serializable class {@code decl}
+    /// according to the serialization specification.
+    /// 1. The initialized class must not be a concrete value class (the superclasses may be abstract value)
+    /// 2. There should be no strict field initialization skipped by the constructor
+    private static void validateSerializableConstructor(Class<?> decl, Constructor<?> ctor) {
         if (decl == ctor.getDeclaringClass())
-            return true;
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Attempt to duplicate " + ctor);
+        if (decl.isValue())
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Cannot generate serialization constructor for value class " + decl.getTypeName());
 
         Class<?> cl = decl;
-        while ((cl = cl.getSuperclass()) != null) {
+        do {
+            if (ValueClass.hasStrictInstanceField(cl)) {
+                throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Class " + cl.getTypeName() + " between " + ctor + " and "
+                        + decl.getTypeName() + " declares a strictly-initialized instance field");
+            }
+            cl = cl.getSuperclass();
             if (cl == ctor.getDeclaringClass()) {
-                return true;
+                return;
             }
-        }
-        return false;
+        } while (cl != null);
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException(ctor + " not a superclass of " + decl.getName());
     }
 
     private static MethodHandle makeConstructorHandle(MethodHandle ctor) {
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleBooleanFieldAccessorImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleBooleanFieldAccessorImpl.java
index 2e0609264bd..60c8e6e0cd7 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleBooleanFieldAccessorImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleBooleanFieldAccessorImpl.java
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ public boolean getBoolean(Object obj) throws IllegalArgumentException {
             } else {
                 return (boolean) getter.invokeExact(obj);
             }
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|NullPointerException e) {
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|IllegalStateException|NullPointerException e) {
             throw e;
         } catch (ClassCastException e) {
             throw newGetIllegalArgumentException(obj);
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ public void setBoolean(Object obj, boolean z)
             } else {
                 setter.invokeExact(obj, z);
             }
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|NullPointerException e) {
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|IllegalStateException|NullPointerException e) {
             throw e;
         } catch (ClassCastException e) {
             // receiver is of invalid type
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleByteFieldAccessorImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleByteFieldAccessorImpl.java
index b56fbbcbcb2..d4ced504bbf 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleByteFieldAccessorImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleByteFieldAccessorImpl.java
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ public byte getByte(Object obj) throws IllegalArgumentException {
             } else {
                 return (byte) getter.invokeExact(obj);
             }
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|NullPointerException e) {
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|IllegalStateException|NullPointerException e) {
             throw e;
         } catch (ClassCastException e) {
             throw newGetIllegalArgumentException(obj);
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ public void setByte(Object obj, byte b)
             } else {
                 setter.invokeExact(obj, b);
             }
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|NullPointerException e) {
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|IllegalStateException|NullPointerException e) {
             throw e;
         } catch (ClassCastException e) {
             // receiver is of invalid type
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleCharacterFieldAccessorImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleCharacterFieldAccessorImpl.java
index c1f357326f4..308702718ef 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleCharacterFieldAccessorImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleCharacterFieldAccessorImpl.java
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ public char getChar(Object obj) throws IllegalArgumentException {
             } else {
                 return (char) getter.invokeExact(obj);
             }
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|NullPointerException e) {
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|IllegalStateException|NullPointerException e) {
             throw e;
         } catch (ClassCastException e) {
             throw newGetIllegalArgumentException(obj);
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ public void setChar(Object obj, char c)
             } else {
                 setter.invokeExact(obj, c);
             }
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|NullPointerException e) {
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|IllegalStateException|NullPointerException e) {
             throw e;
         } catch (ClassCastException e) {
             // receiver is of invalid type
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleDoubleFieldAccessorImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleDoubleFieldAccessorImpl.java
index 01652951e42..71e33622d2b 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleDoubleFieldAccessorImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleDoubleFieldAccessorImpl.java
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ public double getDouble(Object obj) throws IllegalArgumentException {
             } else {
                 return (double) getter.invokeExact(obj);
             }
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|NullPointerException e) {
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|IllegalStateException|NullPointerException e) {
             throw e;
         } catch (ClassCastException e) {
             throw newGetIllegalArgumentException(obj);
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ public void setDouble(Object obj, double d)
             } else {
                 setter.invokeExact(obj, d);
             }
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|NullPointerException e) {
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|IllegalStateException|NullPointerException e) {
             throw e;
         } catch (ClassCastException e) {
             // receiver is of invalid type
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleFloatFieldAccessorImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleFloatFieldAccessorImpl.java
index 5ac00ec5ea8..314a25a6506 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleFloatFieldAccessorImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleFloatFieldAccessorImpl.java
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public float getFloat(Object obj) throws IllegalArgumentException {
             } else {
                 return (float) getter.invokeExact(obj);
             }
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|NullPointerException e) {
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|IllegalStateException|NullPointerException e) {
             throw e;
         } catch (ClassCastException e) {
             throw newGetIllegalArgumentException(obj);
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ public void setFloat(Object obj, float f)
             } else {
                 setter.invokeExact(obj, f);
             }
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|NullPointerException e) {
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|IllegalStateException|NullPointerException e) {
             throw e;
         } catch (ClassCastException e) {
             // receiver is of invalid type
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleIntegerFieldAccessorImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleIntegerFieldAccessorImpl.java
index 62e3ab083db..d1c887d5923 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleIntegerFieldAccessorImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleIntegerFieldAccessorImpl.java
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ public int getInt(Object obj) throws IllegalArgumentException {
             } else {
                 return (int) getter.invokeExact(obj);
             }
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|NullPointerException e) {
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|IllegalStateException|NullPointerException e) {
             throw e;
         } catch (ClassCastException e) {
             throw newGetIllegalArgumentException(obj);
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ public void setInt(Object obj, int i)
             } else {
                 setter.invokeExact(obj, i);
             }
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|NullPointerException e) {
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|IllegalStateException|NullPointerException e) {
             throw e;
         } catch (ClassCastException e) {
             // receiver is of invalid type
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleLongFieldAccessorImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleLongFieldAccessorImpl.java
index a0e02204b31..0090e7dc58c 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleLongFieldAccessorImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleLongFieldAccessorImpl.java
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ public long getLong(Object obj) throws IllegalArgumentException {
             } else {
                 return (long) getter.invokeExact(obj);
             }
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|NullPointerException e) {
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|IllegalStateException|NullPointerException e) {
             throw e;
         } catch (ClassCastException e) {
             throw newGetIllegalArgumentException(obj);
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ public void setLong(Object obj, long l)
             } else {
                 setter.invokeExact(obj, l);
             }
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|NullPointerException e) {
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|IllegalStateException|NullPointerException e) {
             throw e;
         } catch (ClassCastException e) {
             // receiver is of invalid type
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleObjectFieldAccessorImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleObjectFieldAccessorImpl.java
index 722d73d22a6..df94dc9bce1 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleObjectFieldAccessorImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleObjectFieldAccessorImpl.java
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ static FieldAccessorImpl fieldAccessor(Field field, MethodHandle getter, MethodH
     public Object get(Object obj) throws IllegalArgumentException {
         try {
             return isStatic() ? getter.invokeExact() : getter.invokeExact(obj);
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|NullPointerException e) {
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|IllegalStateException|NullPointerException e) {
             throw e;
         } catch (ClassCastException e) {
             throw newGetIllegalArgumentException(obj);
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ public void set(Object obj, Object value) throws IllegalAccessException {
             } else {
                 setter.invokeExact(obj, value);
             }
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|NullPointerException e) {
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|IllegalStateException|NullPointerException e) {
             throw e;
         } catch (ClassCastException e) {
             // already ensure the receiver type.  So this CCE is due to the value.
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleShortFieldAccessorImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleShortFieldAccessorImpl.java
index 265c555421a..6dad0f3ebbb 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleShortFieldAccessorImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleShortFieldAccessorImpl.java
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ public short getShort(Object obj) throws IllegalArgumentException {
             } else {
                 return (short) getter.invokeExact(obj);
             }
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|NullPointerException e) {
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|IllegalStateException|NullPointerException e) {
             throw e;
         } catch (ClassCastException e) {
             throw newGetIllegalArgumentException(obj);
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ public void setShort(Object obj, short s)
             } else {
                 setter.invokeExact(obj, s);
             }
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|NullPointerException e) {
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException|IllegalStateException|NullPointerException e) {
             throw e;
         } catch (ClassCastException e) {
             // receiver is of invalid type
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/PreviewAccessFlags.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/PreviewAccessFlags.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..29082a36fa7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/PreviewAccessFlags.java
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package jdk.internal.reflect;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.AccessFlag;
+import java.lang.reflect.ClassFileFormatVersion;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.EnumSet;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.Stable;
+
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.*;
+import static java.lang.reflect.AccessFlag.*;
+
+/// Support for [AccessFlag] reflection for the preview VM features supported by
+/// the current Java SE release.
+///
+/// These preview features appear when VM is running with --enable-preview, or
+/// in x.65535 class files.  Tools must handle x.65535 class files when their
+/// own VM is not running in preview, so this class may be used by tools when
+/// preview features are not enabled,
+public final class PreviewAccessFlags {
+
+    public static final @Stable AccessFlag[]
+            CLASS_PREVIEW_FLAGS = AccessFlagSet.createDefinition(PUBLIC, FINAL, IDENTITY, INTERFACE, ABSTRACT, SYNTHETIC, ANNOTATION, ENUM, MODULE),
+            FIELD_PREVIEW_FLAGS = AccessFlagSet.createDefinition(PUBLIC, PRIVATE, PROTECTED, STATIC, FINAL, VOLATILE, TRANSIENT, SYNTHETIC, ENUM, STRICT_INIT),
+            INNER_CLASS_PREVIEW_FLAGS = AccessFlagSet.createDefinition(PUBLIC, PRIVATE, PROTECTED, IDENTITY, STATIC, FINAL, INTERFACE, ABSTRACT, SYNTHETIC, ANNOTATION, ENUM);
+
+    /// Preview variant of [Location#flagsMask()].
+    public static int flagsMask(Location location) {
+        return switch (location) {
+            case FIELD -> ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_PRIVATE | ACC_PROTECTED |
+                    ACC_STATIC | ACC_FINAL | ACC_VOLATILE |
+                    ACC_TRANSIENT | ACC_SYNTHETIC | ACC_ENUM | ACC_STRICT_INIT; // strict init
+            case INNER_CLASS -> ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_PRIVATE | ACC_PROTECTED | ACC_IDENTITY |
+                    ACC_STATIC | ACC_FINAL | ACC_INTERFACE | ACC_ABSTRACT |
+                    ACC_SYNTHETIC | ACC_ANNOTATION | ACC_ENUM; // identity
+            default -> location.flagsMask();
+        };
+    }
+
+    /// Preview variant of [AccessFlag#locations()].
+    public static Set<Location> locations(AccessFlag flag) {
+        return switch (flag) {
+            case SUPER -> Set.of();
+            case IDENTITY -> Set.of(Location.CLASS, Location.INNER_CLASS);
+            case STRICT_INIT -> Set.of(Location.FIELD);
+            default -> flag.locations();
+        };
+    }
+
+    /// Preview variant of [AccessFlagSet#findDefinition].
+    public static AccessFlag[] findDefinition(Location location) {
+        return switch (location) {
+            case CLASS -> CLASS_PREVIEW_FLAGS;
+            case FIELD -> FIELD_PREVIEW_FLAGS;
+            case INNER_CLASS -> INNER_CLASS_PREVIEW_FLAGS;
+            default -> AccessFlagSet.findDefinition(location);
+        };
+    }
+
+    /// Preview variant of [AccessFlag#maskToAccessFlags].
+    /// The method body should be in parity.
+    /// @throws IllegalArgumentException if there is unrecognized flag bit
+    public static Set<AccessFlag> maskToAccessFlags(int mask, Location location) {
+        var definition = findDefinition(location);  // null checks location
+        int unmatchedMask = mask & (~flagsMask(location));
+        if (unmatchedMask != 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unmatched bit position 0x" +
+                    Integer.toHexString(unmatchedMask) +
+                    " for location " + location +
+                    " for preview class files");
+        }
+        return AccessFlagSet.ofValidated(definition, mask);
+    }
+
+    private PreviewAccessFlags() {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/ReflectionFactory.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/ReflectionFactory.java
index 19be5e53798..798376cafbd 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/ReflectionFactory.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/reflect/ReflectionFactory.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@
 import java.io.ObjectStreamField;
 import java.io.OptionalDataException;
 import java.io.Serializable;
-import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
 import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
 import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
 import java.lang.reflect.*;
@@ -41,6 +40,7 @@
 import jdk.internal.access.JavaLangReflectAccess;
 import jdk.internal.access.SharedSecrets;
 import jdk.internal.misc.VM;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.Stable;
 
 /** <P> The master factory for all reflective objects, both those in
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ public FieldAccessor newFieldAccessor(Field field, boolean override) {
             }
         }
         boolean isFinal = Modifier.isFinal(field.getModifiers());
-        boolean isReadOnly = isFinal && (!override || langReflectAccess.isTrustedFinalField(field));
+        boolean isReadOnly = isFinal && (!override || langReflectAccess.isTrustedFinalField(field) || field.isStrictInit());
         return MethodHandleAccessorFactory.newFieldAccessor(field, isReadOnly);
     }
 
@@ -199,6 +199,9 @@ public final Constructor<?> newConstructorForExternalization(Class<?> cl) {
         if (!Externalizable.class.isAssignableFrom(cl)) {
             return null;
         }
+        if (cl.isValue()) {
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException("newConstructorForExternalization does not support value classes");
+        }
         try {
             Constructor<?> cons = cl.getConstructor();
             cons.setAccessible(true);
@@ -215,6 +218,7 @@ public final Constructor<?> newConstructorForSerialization(Class<?> cl,
             constructorToCall.setAccessible(true);
             return constructorToCall;
         }
+
         return generateConstructor(cl, constructorToCall);
     }
 
@@ -268,16 +272,21 @@ private boolean superHasAccessibleConstructor(Class<?> cl) {
      * in step 11 of the deserialization process. If cl is not serializable, returns
      * cl's no-arg constructor. If no accessible constructor is found, or if the
      * class hierarchy is somehow malformed (e.g., a serializable class has no
-     * superclass), null is returned.
+     * superclass), or if this serializable class or a serializable superclass
+     * declares a strictly-initialized non-static field, null is returned.
      *
      * @param cl the class for which a constructor is to be found
      * @return the generated constructor, or null if none is available
      */
     public final Constructor<?> newConstructorForSerialization(Class<?> cl) {
+        if (cl.isValue()) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
         Class<?> initCl = cl;
         while (Serializable.class.isAssignableFrom(initCl)) {
             Class<?> prev = initCl;
-            if ((initCl = initCl.getSuperclass()) == null ||
+            if ((initCl = initCl.getSuperclass()) == null || ValueClass.hasStrictInstanceField(prev) ||
                 (!disableSerialConstructorChecks() && !superHasAccessibleConstructor(prev))) {
                 return null;
             }
@@ -294,7 +303,8 @@ public final Constructor<?> newConstructorForSerialization(Class<?> cl) {
         } catch (NoSuchMethodException ex) {
             return null;
         }
-        return generateConstructor(cl, constructorToCall);
+
+        return newConstructorForSerialization(cl, constructorToCall);
     }
 
     private final Constructor<?> generateConstructor(Class<?> cl,
@@ -513,31 +523,6 @@ public final ObjectStreamField[] serialPersistentFields(Class<?> cl) {
         }
     }
 
-    public final Set<AccessFlag> parseAccessFlags(int mask, AccessFlag.Location location, Class<?> classFile) {
-        var cffv = classFileFormatVersion(classFile);
-        return cffv == null ?
-                AccessFlag.maskToAccessFlags(mask, location) :
-                AccessFlag.maskToAccessFlags(mask, location, cffv);
-    }
-
-    private final ClassFileFormatVersion classFileFormatVersion(Class<?> cl) {
-        int raw = SharedSecrets.getJavaLangAccess().classFileVersion(cl);
-
-        int major = raw & 0xFFFF;
-        int minor = raw >>> Character.SIZE;
-
-        assert VM.isSupportedClassFileVersion(major, minor) : major + "." + minor;
-
-        if (major >= ClassFile.JAVA_12_VERSION) {
-            if (minor == 0)
-                return ClassFileFormatVersion.fromMajor(raw);
-            return null; // preview or old preview, fallback to default handling
-        } else if (major == ClassFile.JAVA_1_VERSION) {
-            return minor < 3 ? ClassFileFormatVersion.RELEASE_0 : ClassFileFormatVersion.RELEASE_1;
-        }
-        return ClassFileFormatVersion.fromMajor(major);
-    }
-
     //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
     //
     // Internals only below this point
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/util/ReferencedKeyMap.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/util/ReferencedKeyMap.java
index 150b9d752bb..3dd2ac49724 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/util/ReferencedKeyMap.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/util/ReferencedKeyMap.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -50,7 +50,10 @@
  * accomplished by using a backing map where the keys are either a
  * {@link WeakReference} or a {@link SoftReference}.
  * <p>
- * To create a {@link ReferencedKeyMap} the user must provide a {@link Supplier}
+ * Keys in {@code ReferencedKeyMap} must be
+ * {@linkplain java.util.Objects#hasIdentity identity objects}.
+ * <p>
+ * To create a {@code ReferencedKeyMap} the user must provide a {@link Supplier}
  * of the backing map and whether {@link WeakReference} or
  * {@link SoftReference} is to be used.
  *
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/value/Deserializer.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/value/Deserializer.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5ab77e01a5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/value/Deserializer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package jdk.internal.value;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.lang.annotation.Target;
+
+import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.CONSTRUCTOR;
+import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.METHOD;
+
+/**
+ * A JDK internal annotation that facilitates serialization and deserialization of non-record
+ * value classes without requiring those value classes to implement the {@code writeReplace()}
+ * and {@code readObject()} methods.
+ * <p>
+ * Non-record value classes, unless they implement the {@code writeReplace()}
+ * and {@code readObject()} methods, cannot be serialized or deserialized. Certain pre-existing
+ * {@code Serializable} identity classes within the JDK are value classes in preview-mode, and
+ * must remain compatible. Such a value class may choose to annotate a constructor or a static
+ * method in that class with the {@code Deserializer} annotation. During serialization and
+ * deserialization of value objects of those classes, the {@code java.io.ObjectOutputStream} and
+ * {@code java.io.ObjectInputStream} will check for the presence of this annotation and when
+ * present, will relax the requirement of {@code writeReplace()} and {@code readObject()}
+ * methods in that class.
+ * <p>
+ * During deserialization, the constructor or the method annotated with the {@code Deserializer}
+ * will be invoked to create the value object instance from the stream.
+ * <p>
+ * {@code Deserializer} is a temporary measure for legacy serialization migration compatibility;
+ * future value object persistence would be handled by other mechanisms. The {@code Deserializer}
+ * annotation isn't for general purpose usage, even in the classes that belong to the JDK; it is
+ * meant to be used only by a very select few classes and the legacy serialization places several
+ * unspecified restrictions on its usage.
+ * <p>
+ * This annotation only takes effect for classes loaded by the boot loader. The presence of this
+ * annotation in classes loaded outside of the boot loader is ignored.
+ *
+ * @since 28
+ */
+@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
+@Target(value = {CONSTRUCTOR, METHOD})
+public @interface Deserializer {
+    /**
+     * The names of the serial fields that the constructor or static method,
+     * annotated with {@code Deserializer}, expects to be passed when invoked during
+     * deserialization of the value object from the stream. The serial field types are
+     * the corresponding parameter types.
+     */
+    String[] value();
+}
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/value/ValueClass.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/value/ValueClass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ac49e87f9de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/value/ValueClass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package jdk.internal.value;
+
+import jdk.internal.access.JavaLangReflectAccess;
+import jdk.internal.access.SharedSecrets;
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.ForceInline;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.IntrinsicCandidate;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.ACC_STATIC;
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.ACC_STRICT_INIT;
+
+/**
+ * Utilities to access package private methods of java.lang.Class and related reflection classes.
+ */
+public final class ValueClass {
+    private static final JavaLangReflectAccess JLRA = SharedSecrets.getJavaLangReflectAccess();
+
+    /// {@return whether this field type may store value objects}
+    /// This excludes primitives and includes Object.
+    public static boolean isValueObjectCompatible(Class<?> fieldType) {
+        return PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() &&
+                (fieldType.isValue() ||
+                 fieldType.isInterface() ||
+                 fieldType == Object.class);
+    }
+
+    /// {@return whether an object of this exact class is a value object}
+    /// This excludes abstract value classes.
+    public static boolean isConcreteValueClass(Class<?> clazz) {
+        return clazz.isValue() && !Modifier.isAbstract(clazz.getModifiers());
+    }
+
+    /// {@return whether a field of type `c` can be represented with a payload
+    /// without oops}  For example, primitive type fields and value classes with
+    /// all primitive fields recursively may be represented by a payload of a
+    /// layout without oops.  Returns false if there is no flat layout for a
+    /// field of type `c`.
+    public static boolean hasBinaryPayload(Class<?> c) {
+        // non-concrete value class type field always a reference
+        if (!ValueClass.isConcreteValueClass(c))
+            return c.isPrimitive();
+        // Check the flat layout
+        return Unsafe.getUnsafe().isFlatPayloadBinary(c);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@return {@code true} if the field is NullRestricted}
+     */
+    public static boolean isNullRestrictedField(Field f) {
+        return JLRA.isNullRestrictedField(f);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    private static void validateArrayArguments(Class<?> componentType,
+                                               int length) {
+        if (componentType == null) {
+            throw new NullPointerException("Component type is null");
+        }
+        if (!isConcreteValueClass(componentType)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Component type is not a concrete value class");
+        }
+        if (length < 0) {
+            throw new NegativeArraySizeException(Integer.toString(length));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    private static void validateArrayArguments(Class<?> componentType,
+                                               int length, Object initVal) {
+        validateArrayArguments(componentType, length);
+        if (initVal == null) {
+            throw new NullPointerException("Initial value is null");
+        }
+        // Special arrays are monomorphic, Java mirror can be compared directly
+        if (initVal.getClass() != componentType) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Type mismatch between array and initial value");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Allocate an array of a value class type with components that behave in
+     * the same way as a {@link jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted}
+     * field.
+     * <p>
+     * Because these behaviors are not specified by Java SE, arrays created with
+     * this method should only be used by internal JDK code for experimental
+     * purposes and should not affect user-observable outcomes.
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code componentType} is not a
+     *                                  value class type.
+     */
+    @ForceInline
+    public static Object[] newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(Class<?> componentType,
+                                                         int length, Object initVal) {
+        validateArrayArguments(componentType, length, initVal);
+        return newNullRestrictedAtomicArray0(componentType, length, initVal);
+    }
+
+    @IntrinsicCandidate
+    private static native Object[] newNullRestrictedAtomicArray0(Class<?> componentType,
+                                                                int length, Object initVal);
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public static Object[] newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Class<?> componentType,
+                                                           int length, Object initVal) {
+        validateArrayArguments(componentType, length, initVal);
+        return newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray0(componentType, length, initVal);
+    }
+
+    @IntrinsicCandidate
+    private static native Object[] newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray0(Class<?> componentType,
+                                                                    int length, Object initVal);
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public static Object[] newNullableAtomicArray(Class<?> componentType,
+                                                  int length) {
+        validateArrayArguments(componentType, length);
+        return newNullableAtomicArray0(componentType, length);
+    }
+
+    @IntrinsicCandidate
+    private static native Object[] newNullableAtomicArray0(Class<?> componentType,
+                                                          int length);
+
+    public static Object[] newReferenceArray(Class<?> componentType,
+                                             int length) {
+        validateArrayArguments(componentType, length);
+        return newReferenceArray0(componentType, length);
+    }
+
+    private static native Object[] newReferenceArray0(Class<?> componentType,
+                                                      int length);
+
+    /**
+     * {@return true if the given array is a flat array}
+     */
+    @ForceInline
+    public static boolean isFlatArray(Object[] array) {
+        return isFlatArray0(Objects.requireNonNull(array));
+    }
+
+    @IntrinsicCandidate
+    private static native boolean isFlatArray0(Object[] array);
+
+    @ForceInline
+    private static void validateSpecialArray(Object[] array) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(array);
+        if (!isConcreteValueClass(array.getClass().getComponentType())) {
+          throw new IllegalArgumentException("Element class is not a concrete value class");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static Object[] copyOfSpecialArray(Object[] array, int newLength) {
+        validateSpecialArray(array);
+        if (newLength < 0) {
+            throw new NegativeArraySizeException("" + newLength);
+        }
+        return copyOfSpecialArray0(array, 0, newLength);
+    }
+
+    public static Object[] copyOfRangeSpecialArray(Object[] array, int from, int to) {
+        validateSpecialArray(array);
+        int length = array.length;
+        if (from < 0 || from > length) {
+            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException("source index " + from + " out of bounds for object array[" + length + "]");
+        }
+        if (from > to) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(from + " > " + to);
+        }
+        return copyOfSpecialArray0(array, from, to);
+    }
+
+    private static native Object[] copyOfSpecialArray0(Object[] array, int from, int to);
+
+    /**
+     * {@return true if the given array is a null-restricted array}
+     */
+    @ForceInline
+    public static boolean isNullRestrictedArray(Object[] array) {
+        return isNullRestrictedArray0(Objects.requireNonNull(array));
+    }
+
+    @IntrinsicCandidate
+    private static native boolean isNullRestrictedArray0(Object[] array);
+
+    /**
+     * {@return true if the given array uses a layout designed for atomic accesses }
+     */
+    @ForceInline
+    public static boolean isAtomicArray(Object[] array) {
+        return isAtomicArray0(Objects.requireNonNull(array));
+    }
+
+    @IntrinsicCandidate
+    private static native boolean isAtomicArray0(Object[] array);
+
+    // This class also serves as a lazy holder of its singleton instance
+    private static final class StrictInstanceFieldClassValue extends ClassValue<Boolean> {
+        private static final StrictInstanceFieldClassValue INSTANCE = new StrictInstanceFieldClassValue();
+
+        private StrictInstanceFieldClassValue() {}
+
+        @Override
+        protected Boolean computeValue(Class<?> type) {
+            if (!isClassOrInterface(type)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            for (var field : type.getDeclaredFields()) {
+                // Reflection filters fields, hope the filtered classes don't declare strict fields
+                if ((field.getModifiers() & (ACC_STATIC | ACC_STRICT_INIT)) == ACC_STRICT_INIT) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns whether a class or interface declares strict instance fields.
+    /// This does not include inherited instance fields.
+    public static boolean hasStrictInstanceField(Class<?> cl) {
+        if (!isClassOrInterface(cl)) {
+            // Not class or interface
+            return false;
+        }
+        return StrictInstanceFieldClassValue.INSTANCE.get(cl);
+    }
+
+    // Only primitive and array types have both ABSTRACT and FINAL flags set
+    private static final int NON_CLASS_COMMON_MODIFIERS = Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL;
+
+    /// Returns if a Class object represents a class or interface instead of a
+    /// primitive type or an array type.
+    private static boolean isClassOrInterface(Class<?> cl) {
+        return (cl.getModifiers() & NON_CLASS_COMMON_MODIFIERS) != NON_CLASS_COMMON_MODIFIERS;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/vm/annotation/LooselyConsistentValue.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/vm/annotation/LooselyConsistentValue.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..33efa935c4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/vm/annotation/LooselyConsistentValue.java
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package jdk.internal.vm.annotation;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.*;
+
+/**
+ * A loosely-consistent value class is a class that is willing to tolerate
+ * data corruption when fields or arrays storing instances of the class are
+ * updated under race. Specifically, a value object read from such a field may
+ * contain combinations of field values that were never set by a previous
+ * constructor invocation.
+ * <p>
+ * Users of a class with this annotation take responsibility for ensuring the
+ * integrity of their data by avoiding race conditions.
+ * <p>
+ * The HotSpot VM uses this annotation to enable non-atomic strategies for
+ * reading and writing to flattened fields and arrays of the annotated class's
+ * type.
+ * <p>
+ * Because these behaviors are not specified by Java SE, this annotation should
+ * only be used by internal JDK code for experimental purposes and should not
+ * affect user-observable outcomes.
+ */
+@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
+@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
+public @interface LooselyConsistentValue {
+}
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/vm/annotation/NullRestricted.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/vm/annotation/NullRestricted.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..47c7afbd163
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/vm/annotation/NullRestricted.java
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package jdk.internal.vm.annotation;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.*;
+
+/**
+ * A null-restricted field is a field that does not store {@code null}.
+ * The field must be initialized according to the strict field initialization
+ * rules, and attempts to write {@code null} to the field will throw an exception.
+ * <p>
+ * The HotSpot VM uses this annotation to enable flattened encodings for the
+ * field that would otherwise be impossible.
+ * <p>
+ * The annotation is ignored if the type of the field is not a concrete value type,
+ * or if the type of the field cannot be preloaded during the loading of the class
+ * that declares the field.
+ * <p>
+ * Because these behaviors are not specified by Java SE, this annotation should
+ * only be used by internal JDK classes for experimental purposes and should not
+ * affect user-observable outcomes.
+ */
+@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
+@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
+public @interface NullRestricted {
+}
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/module-info.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/module-info.java
index 32afbc11100..fc438320078 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/module-info.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/module-info.java
@@ -154,7 +154,8 @@
     // module declaration be annotated with jdk.internal.javac.ParticipatesInPreview.
     exports jdk.internal.javac to
         java.compiler,
-        jdk.compiler;
+        jdk.compiler,
+        jdk.jdeps; // Uses Valhalla reflective preview APIs
     exports jdk.internal.access to
         java.desktop,
         java.logging,
@@ -237,6 +238,7 @@
         java.sql,
         java.sql.rowset,
         jdk.dynalink,
+        jdk.jdeps,
         jdk.unsupported;
     exports jdk.internal.vm to
         java.management,
@@ -255,6 +257,8 @@
         jdk.jfr;
     exports jdk.internal.util.xml.impl to
         jdk.jfr;
+    exports jdk.internal.value to  // Needed by Unsafe
+        jdk.unsupported;
     exports jdk.internal.util to
         java.desktop,
         java.prefs,
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/native/include/classfile_constants.h.template b/src/java.base/share/native/include/classfile_constants.h.template
index 4f96a0673ef..d6a3b078d02 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/native/include/classfile_constants.h.template
+++ b/src/java.base/share/native/include/classfile_constants.h.template
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2004, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ enum {
     JVM_ACC_FINAL         = 0x0010,
     JVM_ACC_SYNCHRONIZED  = 0x0020,
     JVM_ACC_SUPER         = 0x0020,
+    JVM_ACC_IDENTITY      = 0x0020,
     JVM_ACC_VOLATILE      = 0x0040,
     JVM_ACC_BRIDGE        = 0x0040,
     JVM_ACC_TRANSIENT     = 0x0080,
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@ enum {
     JVM_ACC_INTERFACE     = 0x0200,
     JVM_ACC_ABSTRACT      = 0x0400,
     JVM_ACC_STRICT        = 0x0800,
+    JVM_ACC_STRICT_INIT   = 0x0800,
     JVM_ACC_SYNTHETIC     = 0x1000,
     JVM_ACC_ANNOTATION    = 0x2000,
     JVM_ACC_ENUM          = 0x4000,
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/native/include/jni.h b/src/java.base/share/native/include/jni.h
index 1a31c38b3ce..8240e05d774 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/native/include/jni.h
+++ b/src/java.base/share/native/include/jni.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1996, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -783,6 +783,11 @@ struct JNINativeInterface_ {
     jlong (JNICALL *GetStringUTFLengthAsLong)
       (JNIEnv *env, jstring str);
 
+    /* Value classes */
+
+    jboolean (JNICALL *HasIdentity)
+      (JNIEnv* env, jobject obj);
+
 };
 
 /*
@@ -1890,6 +1895,12 @@ struct JNIEnv_ {
         return functions->IsVirtualThread(this, obj);
     }
 
+    /* Value classes */
+
+    jboolean HasIdentity(jobject obj) {
+        return functions->HasIdentity(this, obj);
+    }
+
 #endif /* __cplusplus */
 };
 
@@ -2005,6 +2016,7 @@ JNI_OnUnload(JavaVM *vm, void *reserved);
 #define JNI_VERSION_20  0x00140000
 #define JNI_VERSION_21  0x00150000
 #define JNI_VERSION_24  0x00180000
+#define JNI_VERSION_28  0x001C0000
 
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 } /* extern "C" */
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/native/libjava/ValueClass.c b/src/java.base/share/native/libjava/ValueClass.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5d4d176e25b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/java.base/share/native/libjava/ValueClass.c
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include "jni.h"
+#include "jvm.h"
+
+#include "jdk_internal_value_ValueClass.h"
+
+JNIEXPORT jarray JNICALL
+Java_jdk_internal_value_ValueClass_newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray0(JNIEnv *env, jclass cls, jclass elmClass, jint len, jobject initVal)
+{
+    return JVM_NewNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(env, elmClass, len, initVal);
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jarray JNICALL
+Java_jdk_internal_value_ValueClass_newNullRestrictedAtomicArray0(JNIEnv *env, jclass cls, jclass elmClass, jint len, jobject initVal)
+{
+    return JVM_NewNullRestrictedAtomicArray(env, elmClass, len, initVal);
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jarray JNICALL
+Java_jdk_internal_value_ValueClass_newNullableAtomicArray0(JNIEnv *env, jclass cls, jclass elmClass, jint len)
+{
+    return JVM_NewNullableAtomicArray(env, elmClass, len);
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jarray JNICALL
+Java_jdk_internal_value_ValueClass_newReferenceArray0(JNIEnv *env, jclass cls, jclass elmClass, jint len)
+{
+    return JVM_NewReferenceArray(env, elmClass, len);
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
+Java_jdk_internal_value_ValueClass_isFlatArray0(JNIEnv *env, jclass cls, jarray array)
+{
+    return JVM_IsFlatArray(env, array);
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jarray JNICALL
+Java_jdk_internal_value_ValueClass_copyOfSpecialArray0(JNIEnv *env, jclass cls, jarray array, jint from, jint to)
+{
+    return JVM_CopyOfSpecialArray(env, array, from, to);
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
+Java_jdk_internal_value_ValueClass_isNullRestrictedArray0(JNIEnv *env, jclass cls, jarray array)
+{
+    return JVM_IsNullRestrictedArray(env, array);
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
+Java_jdk_internal_value_ValueClass_isAtomicArray0(JNIEnv *env, jclass cls, jarray array)
+{
+    return JVM_IsAtomicArray(env, array);
+}
diff --git a/src/java.compiler/share/classes/javax/lang/model/element/Modifier.java b/src/java.compiler/share/classes/javax/lang/model/element/Modifier.java
index da0195b6cf2..ea1b385738e 100644
--- a/src/java.compiler/share/classes/javax/lang/model/element/Modifier.java
+++ b/src/java.compiler/share/classes/javax/lang/model/element/Modifier.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 
 package javax.lang.model.element;
 
+import jdk.internal.javac.PreviewFeature;
 
 /**
  * Represents a modifier on a program element such
@@ -120,6 +121,7 @@ public String toString() {
             return "non-sealed";
         }
     },
+
     /**
      * The modifier {@code final}
      *
@@ -164,7 +166,16 @@ public String toString() {
      * @jls 8.4.3.5 {@code strictfp} Methods
      * @jls 9.1.1.2 {@code strictfp} Interfaces
      */
-    STRICTFP;
+    STRICTFP,
+
+    /**
+     * The modifier {@code value}
+     *
+     * @jls value-objects-8.1.1.5 {@code value} Classes
+     * @since 28
+     */
+    @PreviewFeature(feature=PreviewFeature.Feature.VALUE_OBJECTS, reflective=true)
+    VALUE;
 
     /**
      * Returns this modifier's name as defined in <cite>The
diff --git a/src/java.se/share/data/jdwp/jdwp.spec b/src/java.se/share/data/jdwp/jdwp.spec
index 11e3160ec97..c8cdb99d4a6 100644
--- a/src/java.se/share/data/jdwp/jdwp.spec
+++ b/src/java.se/share/data/jdwp/jdwp.spec
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -2129,6 +2129,9 @@ JDWP "Java(tm) Debug Wire Protocol"
         "language method. Forcing return on a thread with only one "
         "frame on the stack causes the thread to exit when resumed. "
         "<p>"
+        "When preview features are enabled, the method can not be the "
+        "constructor of a value class."
+        "<p>"
         "For void methods, the value must be a void value. "
         "For methods that return primitive values, the value's type must "
         "match the return type exactly.  For object values, there must be a "
@@ -2149,7 +2152,8 @@ JDWP "Java(tm) Debug Wire Protocol"
             (Error INVALID_OBJECT    "Thread or value is not a known ID.")
             (Error THREAD_NOT_SUSPENDED)
             (Error OPAQUE_FRAME      "Unable to force the current frame to return "
-                                     "(e.g. the current frame is executing a native method).")
+                                     "(e.g. the current frame is executing a native method or "
+                                     "the current frame is the constructor for a value class).")
             (Error NO_MORE_FRAMES)
             (Error NOT_IMPLEMENTED)
             (Error TYPE_MISMATCH   "Value is not an appropriate type for the "
@@ -2507,7 +2511,8 @@ JDWP "Java(tm) Debug Wire Protocol"
                     )
                     (Alt InstanceOnly=11
                         "Restricts reported events to those whose "
-                        "active 'this' object is the given object. "
+                        "active 'this' object is the given object "
+                        "as determined by applying the Java == operator. "
                         "Match value is the null object for static methods. "
                         "This modifier can be used with any event kind "
                         "except class prepare, class unload, thread start, "
@@ -2599,6 +2604,13 @@ JDWP "Java(tm) Debug Wire Protocol"
         "determine the correct local variable index. (Typically, this "
         "index can be determined for method arguments from the method "
         "signature without access to the local variable table information.) "
+        "<p>"
+        "When preview features are enabled, if the local variable is the 'this' "
+        "object and represents a value object under construction, the value returned "
+        "will be for a snapshot of the value object, not a reference to the actual "
+        "value object under construction. Therefore the value returned will not reflect "
+        "changes to the value object that happen later on during construction."
+        
         (Out
             (threadObject thread "The frame's thread. ")
             (frame frame "The frame ID. ")
@@ -2670,6 +2682,13 @@ JDWP "Java(tm) Debug Wire Protocol"
         "Returns the value of the 'this' reference for this frame. "
         "If the frame's method is static or native, the reply "
         "will contain the null object reference. "
+        "<p>"
+        "When preview features are enabled and 'this' represents a value object
+        "under construction, the value returned will be for a snapshot of the "
+        "value object, not a reference to the actual value object under "
+        "construction. Therefore the value returned will not reflect "
+        "changes to the value object that happen later on during "
+        "construction."
         (Out
             (threadObject thread "The frame's thread. ")
             (frame frame "The frame ID. ")
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/api/JavacTool.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/api/JavacTool.java
index fd5af24e5fd..74aba4e8635 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/api/JavacTool.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/api/JavacTool.java
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
 import javax.tools.*;
 
 import com.sun.source.util.JavacTask;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Preview;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.file.JavacFileManager;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.main.Arguments;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.main.Option;
@@ -197,6 +198,12 @@ else if (out != null)
                 fileManager.handleOption(Option.MULTIRELEASE.primaryName, list.iterator());
             }
 
+            // pass preview mode to the file manager:
+            if (fileManager.isSupportedOption(Option.PREVIEWMODE.primaryName) == 1) {
+                Preview preview = Preview.instance(context);
+                fileManager.handleOption(Option.PREVIEWMODE.primaryName, List.of(String.valueOf(preview.isEnabled())).iterator());
+            }
+
             return new JavacTaskImpl(context);
         } catch (PropagatedException ex) {
             throw ex.getCause();
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/ClassFinder.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/ClassFinder.java
index db8d98236c8..bfdde1293ee 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/ClassFinder.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/ClassFinder.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -55,8 +55,8 @@
 import com.sun.tools.javac.file.JavacFileManager;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.ClassReader;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.Profile;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.main.JavaCompiler;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.main.Option;
-import com.sun.tools.javac.platform.PlatformDescription;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.resources.CompilerProperties.Fragments;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.*;
 
@@ -64,8 +64,7 @@
 
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.*;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Kinds.Kind.*;
-import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Symbol;
-import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Symbol.CompletionFailure;
+
 import com.sun.tools.javac.main.DelegatingJavaFileManager;
 
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Dependencies.CompletionCause;
@@ -218,7 +217,14 @@ protected ClassFinder(Context context) {
         } else {
             useCtProps = false;
         }
-        jrtIndex = useCtProps && JRTIndex.isAvailable() ? JRTIndex.getSharedInstance() : null;
+        if (useCtProps && JRTIndex.isAvailable()) {
+            Preview preview = Preview.instance(context);
+            JavaCompiler comp = JavaCompiler.instance(context);
+            jrtIndex = JRTIndex.instance(preview.isEnabled());
+            comp.closeables = comp.closeables.prepend(jrtIndex);
+        } else {
+            jrtIndex = null;
+        }
 
         profile = Profile.instance(context);
         cachedCompletionFailure = new CompletionFailure(null, () -> null, dcfh);
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Flags.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Flags.java
index ac1bcc84194..9caa59d5bf7 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Flags.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Flags.java
@@ -125,13 +125,16 @@ public static EnumSet<FlagsEnum> asFlagSet(long flags) {
     // for example.
     @Use({FlagTarget.CLASS})
     @NoToStringValue
-    public static final int ACC_SUPER    = 1<<5;
+    public static final int ACC_IDENTITY = 1<<5;
     @Use({FlagTarget.METHOD})
     @NoToStringValue
     public static final int ACC_BRIDGE   = 1<<6;
     @Use({FlagTarget.METHOD})
     @NoToStringValue
     public static final int ACC_VARARGS  = 1<<7;
+    @Use({FlagTarget.VARIABLE})
+    @NoToStringValue
+    public static final int ACC_STRICT   = 1<<11;
     @Use({FlagTarget.CLASS})
     @NoToStringValue
     public static final int ACC_MODULE   = 1<<15;
@@ -151,6 +154,14 @@ public static EnumSet<FlagsEnum> asFlagSet(long flags) {
     @Use({FlagTarget.VARIABLE})
     public static final int HASINIT          = 1<<18;
 
+    /** Flag is set for a class or interface whose instances have identity
+     * i.e. any concrete class not declared with the modifier `value'
+     * (a) abstract class not declared `value'
+     * (b) older class files with ACC_SUPER bit set
+     */
+    @Use({FlagTarget.CLASS})
+    public static final int IDENTITY_TYPE            = 1<<18;
+
     /** Class is an implicitly declared top level class.
      */
     @Use({FlagTarget.CLASS})
@@ -159,18 +170,22 @@ public static EnumSet<FlagsEnum> asFlagSet(long flags) {
     /** Variable with implicit/inferred type.
      */
     @Use(FlagTarget.VARIABLE)
-    public static final int VAR_VARIABLE     = 1<<19;
+    public static final int VAR_VARIABLE     = 1<<21;
 
     /** Flag is set for compiler-generated anonymous method symbols
      *  that `own' an initializer block.
      */
     @Use({FlagTarget.METHOD})
-    public static final int BLOCK            = 1<<20;
+    public static final int BLOCK            = 1<<21;
+
+    /** Marks a type as a value class */
+    @Use({FlagTarget.CLASS})
+    public static final int VALUE_CLASS      = 1<<20;
 
     /** A parameter of a lambda function.
      */
     @Use(FlagTarget.VARIABLE)
-    public static final int LAMBDA_PARAMETER     = 1<<20;
+    public static final int LAMBDA_PARAMETER     = 1<<23;
 
     /** Flag is set for ClassSymbols that are being compiled from source.
      */
@@ -370,6 +385,11 @@ public static EnumSet<FlagsEnum> asFlagSet(long flags) {
     @Use({FlagTarget.CLASS})
     public static final long TYPE_TRANSLATED = 1L<<50;
 
+    /** Flag is set for the outer this field of an inner class.
+     */
+    @Use({FlagTarget.VARIABLE})
+    public static final long OUTER_THIS_FIELD = 1L<<50;
+
     /**
      * Flag to indicate class symbol is for module-info
      */
@@ -505,6 +525,12 @@ public static EnumSet<FlagsEnum> asFlagSet(long flags) {
     @CustomToStringValue("non-sealed")
     public static final long NON_SEALED = 1L<<63;  // part of ExtendedStandardFlags, cannot be reused
 
+    /**
+     * Flag to indicate that a field is strict
+     */
+    @Use({FlagTarget.VARIABLE})
+    public static final long STRICT = 1L<<19; // VarSymbols
+
     /**
      * Describe modifier flags as they might appear in source code, i.e.,
      * separated by spaces and in the order suggested by JLS 8.1.1.
@@ -520,8 +546,8 @@ public static String toSource(long flags) {
     @NotFlag
     public static final int
         AccessFlags                       = PUBLIC | PROTECTED | PRIVATE,
-        LocalClassFlags                   = FINAL | ABSTRACT | STRICTFP | ENUM | SYNTHETIC,
-        StaticLocalFlags                  = LocalClassFlags | STATIC | INTERFACE,
+        LocalClassFlags                   = FINAL | ABSTRACT | STRICTFP | ENUM | SYNTHETIC | IDENTITY_TYPE,
+        StaticLocalClassFlags             = LocalClassFlags | STATIC | INTERFACE,
         MemberClassFlags                  = LocalClassFlags | INTERFACE | AccessFlags,
         MemberStaticClassFlags            = MemberClassFlags | STATIC,
         ClassFlags                        = LocalClassFlags | INTERFACE | PUBLIC | ANNOTATION,
@@ -537,16 +563,20 @@ public static String toSource(long flags) {
     @NotFlag
     public static final long
         //NOTE: flags in ExtendedStandardFlags cannot be overlayed across Symbol kinds:
-        ExtendedStandardFlags             = (long)StandardFlags | DEFAULT | SEALED | NON_SEALED,
-        ExtendedMemberClassFlags          = (long)MemberClassFlags | SEALED | NON_SEALED,
-        ExtendedMemberStaticClassFlags    = (long) MemberStaticClassFlags | SEALED | NON_SEALED,
-        ExtendedClassFlags                = (long)ClassFlags | SEALED | NON_SEALED,
-        ModifierFlags                     = ((long)StandardFlags & ~INTERFACE) | DEFAULT | SEALED | NON_SEALED,
+        ExtendedStandardFlags             = (long)StandardFlags | DEFAULT | SEALED | NON_SEALED | VALUE_CLASS,
+        ExtendedMemberClassFlags          = (long)MemberClassFlags | SEALED | NON_SEALED | VALUE_CLASS,
+        ExtendedMemberStaticClassFlags    = (long) MemberStaticClassFlags | SEALED | NON_SEALED | VALUE_CLASS,
+        ExtendedClassFlags                = (long)ClassFlags | SEALED | NON_SEALED | VALUE_CLASS,
+        ExtendedLocalClassFlags           = (long) LocalClassFlags | VALUE_CLASS,
+        ExtendedStaticLocalClassFlags     = (long) StaticLocalClassFlags | VALUE_CLASS,
+        ValueFieldFlags                   = (long) VarFlags | STRICT | FINAL,
+        ModifierFlags                     = ((long)StandardFlags & ~INTERFACE) | DEFAULT | SEALED | NON_SEALED | VALUE_CLASS,
         InterfaceMethodMask               = ABSTRACT | PRIVATE | STATIC | PUBLIC | STRICTFP | DEFAULT,
         AnnotationTypeElementMask         = ABSTRACT | PUBLIC,
         LocalVarFlags                     = FINAL | PARAMETER,
         ReceiverParamFlags                = PARAMETER;
 
+    @SuppressWarnings("preview") // allow use of VALUE_CLASS when building jdk.compiler.interim
     public static Set<Modifier> asModifierSet(long flags) {
         Set<Modifier> modifiers = modifierSets.get(flags);
         if (modifiers == null) {
@@ -567,6 +597,7 @@ public static Set<Modifier> asModifierSet(long flags) {
             if (0 != (flags & NATIVE))    modifiers.add(Modifier.NATIVE);
             if (0 != (flags & STRICTFP))  modifiers.add(Modifier.STRICTFP);
             if (0 != (flags & DEFAULT))   modifiers.add(Modifier.DEFAULT);
+            if (0 != (flags & VALUE_CLASS))     modifiers.add(Modifier.VALUE);
             modifiers = Collections.unmodifiableSet(modifiers);
             modifierSets.put(flags, modifiers);
         }
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Kinds.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Kinds.java
index 5923af86579..0650884f3e4 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Kinds.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Kinds.java
@@ -204,6 +204,10 @@ public boolean contains(KindSelector other) {
             return (data & other.data) != 0;
         }
 
+        public boolean isAssignment() {
+            return ASG.subset(this) && !VAL.subset(this);
+        }
+
         /** A set of KindName(s) representing a set of symbol's kinds. */
         public Set<KindName> kindNames() {
             EnumSet<KindName> kinds = EnumSet.noneOf(KindName.class);
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Preview.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Preview.java
index 7a8e6c6f4f1..3e41ccb5766 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Preview.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Preview.java
@@ -162,6 +162,11 @@ public void warnPreview(DiagnosticFlag flag, int pos, Feature feature) {
     /**
      * Report usage of a preview feature. Usages reported through this method will affect the
      * set of sourcefiles with dependencies on preview features.
+     * <p>
+     * If the source code does not use a preview language feature, but when preview features
+     * are enabled, a different translation strategy is used and the resulting classfile
+     * depends on preview features, we can just {@link #markUsesPreview} silently.
+     *
      * @param flag a flag to set on the diagnostic
      * @param pos the position at which the preview feature was used.
      * @param feature the preview feature used.
@@ -215,6 +220,7 @@ public boolean isEnabled() {
     public boolean isPreview(Feature feature) {
         return switch (feature) {
             case PRIMITIVE_PATTERNS -> true;
+            case VALUE_CLASSES -> true;
             //Note: this is a backdoor which allows to optionally treat all features as 'preview' (for testing).
             //When real preview features will be added, this method can be implemented to return 'true'
             //for those selected features, and 'false' for all the others.
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Source.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Source.java
index 5277972a56b..8d99a0fe98f 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Source.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Source.java
@@ -218,6 +218,19 @@ public boolean isSupported() {
         return this.compareTo(MIN) >= 0;
     }
 
+    public static boolean isSupported(Feature feature, int majorVersion) {
+        Source source = null;
+        for (Target target : Target.values()) {
+            if (majorVersion == target.majorVersion) {
+                source = lookup(target.name);
+            }
+        }
+        if (source != null) {
+            return feature.allowedInSource(source);
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
     public Target requiredTarget() {
         return switch(this) {
         case JDK28  -> Target.JDK1_28;
@@ -291,6 +304,7 @@ public enum Feature {
         PRIVATE_MEMBERS_IN_PERMITS_CLAUSE(JDK19),
         ERASE_POLY_SIG_RETURN_TYPE(JDK24),
         CAPTURE_MREF_RETURN_TYPE(JDK26),
+        VALUE_CLASSES(DEFAULT, Fragments.FeatureValueClasses, DiagKind.PLURAL),
         ;
 
         enum DiagKind {
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Symbol.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Symbol.java
index e5eac0786f6..79773ac252f 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Symbol.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Symbol.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.EnumSet;
-import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
@@ -404,8 +403,20 @@ public boolean isStatic() {
              name != name.table.names._this;
     }
 
+    public boolean isStrict() {
+        return (flags() & STRICT) != 0;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isSynthetic() {
+        return (flags() & SYNTHETIC) != 0;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isStrictInstance() {
+        return (flags() & STRICT) != 0 && (flags() & STATIC) == 0;
+    }
+
     public boolean isInterface() {
-        return (flags() & INTERFACE) != 0;
+        return (flags_field & INTERFACE) != 0;
     }
 
     public boolean isAbstract() {
@@ -416,6 +427,14 @@ public boolean isPrivate() {
         return (flags_field & Flags.AccessFlags) == PRIVATE;
     }
 
+    public boolean isValueClass() {
+        return (flags_field & VALUE_CLASS) != 0;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isIdentityClass() {
+        return !isInterface() && (flags_field & IDENTITY_TYPE) != 0;
+    }
+
     public boolean isPublic() {
         return (flags_field & Flags.AccessFlags) == PUBLIC;
     }
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Symtab.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Symtab.java
index 762932fe904..23cbb5ad9a9 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Symtab.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Symtab.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -226,8 +226,6 @@ public static Symtab instance(Context context) {
     public final Type recordType;
     public final Type switchBootstrapsType;
     public final Type constantBootstrapsType;
-    public final Type valueBasedType;
-    public final Type valueBasedInternalType;
     public final Type requiresIdentityType;
     public final Type requiresIdentityInternalType;
     public final Type classDescType;
@@ -244,6 +242,13 @@ public static Symtab instance(Context context) {
     public final Type objectInputType;
     public final Type objectOutputType;
 
+    // valhalla
+    public final Type valueBasedType;
+    public final Type valueBasedInternalType;
+    /** The symbol representing the finalize method on Object */
+    public final MethodSymbol objectFinalize;
+    public final Type numberType;
+
     /** The symbol representing the length field of an array.
      */
     public final VarSymbol lengthVar;
@@ -542,6 +547,12 @@ public <R, P> R accept(ElementVisitor<R, P> v, P p) {
 
         // Enter predefined classes. All are assumed to be in the java.base module.
         objectType = enterClass("java.lang.Object");
+        throwableType = enterClass("java.lang.Throwable");
+        objectFinalize = new MethodSymbol(PROTECTED,
+                names.finalize,
+                new MethodType(List.nil(), voidType,
+                        List.of(throwableType), methodClass),
+                objectType.tsym);
         objectMethodsType = enterClass("java.lang.runtime.ObjectMethods");
         exactConversionsSupportType = enterClass("java.lang.runtime.ExactConversionsSupport");
         objectsType = enterClass("java.util.Objects");
@@ -550,7 +561,6 @@ public <R, P> R accept(ElementVisitor<R, P> v, P p) {
         stringBufferType = enterClass("java.lang.StringBuffer");
         stringBuilderType = enterClass("java.lang.StringBuilder");
         cloneableType = enterClass("java.lang.Cloneable");
-        throwableType = enterClass("java.lang.Throwable");
         serializableType = enterClass("java.io.Serializable");
         serializedLambdaType = enterClass("java.lang.invoke.SerializedLambda");
         varHandleType = enterClass("java.lang.invoke.VarHandle");
@@ -641,6 +651,8 @@ public <R, P> R accept(ElementVisitor<R, P> v, P p) {
         synthesizeBoxTypeIfMissing(floatType);
         synthesizeBoxTypeIfMissing(voidType);
 
+        numberType = enterClass("java.lang.Number");
+
         // Enter a synthetic class that is used to mark internal
         // proprietary classes in ct.sym.  This class does not have a
         // class file.
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Type.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Type.java
index fa0220b1e1f..e6cfbac7493 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Type.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Type.java
@@ -231,6 +231,21 @@ public Type(TypeSymbol tsym, List<TypeMetadata> metadata) {
         this.metadata = metadata;
     }
 
+    public boolean isValueClass() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isIdentityClass() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Does this type need to be preloaded in the context of the referring class ??
+    public boolean requiresLoadableDescriptors(Symbol referringClass) {
+        if (this.tsym == referringClass)
+            return false; // pointless
+        return this.isValueClass() && this.isFinal();
+    }
+
     /**
      * A subclass of {@link Types.TypeMapping} which applies a mapping recursively to the subterms
      * of a given type expression. This mapping returns the original type is no changes occurred
@@ -1177,6 +1192,16 @@ public boolean isReference() {
             return true;
         }
 
+        @Override
+        public boolean isValueClass() {
+            return tsym != null && tsym.isValueClass();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isIdentityClass() {
+            return tsym != null && tsym.isIdentityClass();
+        }
+
         @Override
         public boolean isNullOrReference() {
             return true;
@@ -2335,8 +2360,7 @@ public ErrorType(ClassSymbol c, Type originalType) {
         }
 
         public ErrorType(Type originalType, TypeSymbol tsym) {
-            super(noType, List.nil(), null);
-            this.tsym = tsym;
+            super(noType, List.nil(), tsym, List.nil());
             this.originalType = (originalType == null ? noType : originalType);
         }
 
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Types.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Types.java
index f1c6676d087..65dd512a49d 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Types.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Types.java
@@ -121,7 +121,12 @@ protected Types(Context context) {
         capturedName = names.fromString("<captured wildcard>");
         messages = JavacMessages.instance(context);
         diags = JCDiagnostic.Factory.instance(context);
-        noWarnings = new Warner(null);
+        noWarnings = new Warner(null) {
+            @Override
+            public String toString() {
+                return "NO_WARNINGS";
+            }
+        };
         Options options = Options.instance(context);
         dumpStacktraceOnError = options.isSet("dev") || options.isSet(DOE);
     }
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Annotate.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Annotate.java
index 118d761573b..992e33cb9ed 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Annotate.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Annotate.java
@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ public static Annotate instance(Context context) {
     private final Symtab syms;
     private final TypeEnvs typeEnvs;
     private final Types types;
+    private final Preview preview;
 
     private final Attribute theUnfinishedDefaultValue;
     private final String sourceName;
@@ -116,6 +117,7 @@ protected Annotate(Context context) {
         syms = Symtab.instance(context);
         typeEnvs = TypeEnvs.instance(context);
         types = Types.instance(context);
+        preview = Preview.instance(context);
 
         theUnfinishedDefaultValue =  new Attribute.Error(syms.errType);
 
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Attr.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Attr.java
index 30f08fad265..f8b200ab3b9 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Attr.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Attr.java
@@ -180,12 +180,14 @@ protected Attr(Context context) {
 
         statInfo = new ResultInfo(KindSelector.NIL, Type.noType);
         varAssignmentInfo = new ResultInfo(KindSelector.ASG, Type.noType);
+        varAssignmentOpInfo = new ResultInfo(KindSelector.of(KindSelector.VAL, KindSelector.ASG), Type.noType);
         unknownExprInfo = new ResultInfo(KindSelector.VAL, Type.noType);
         methodAttrInfo = new MethodAttrInfo();
         unknownTypeInfo = new ResultInfo(KindSelector.TYP, Type.noType);
         unknownTypeExprInfo = new ResultInfo(KindSelector.VAL_TYP, Type.noType);
         recoveryInfo = new RecoveryInfo(deferredAttr.emptyDeferredAttrContext);
         initBlockType = new MethodType(List.nil(), syms.voidType, List.nil(), syms.methodClass);
+        allowValueClasses = preview.isEnabled() && Feature.VALUE_CLASSES.allowedInSource(source);
     }
 
     /** Switch: reifiable types in instanceof enabled?
@@ -204,6 +206,10 @@ protected Attr(Context context) {
      */
     private final boolean allowUnconditionalPatternsInstanceOf;
 
+    /** Are value classes allowed
+     */
+    private final boolean allowValueClasses;
+
     /**
      * Switch: warn about use of variable before declaration?
      * RFE: 6425594
@@ -312,22 +318,6 @@ void checkAssignable(DiagnosticPosition pos, VarSymbol v, JCTree base, Env<AttrC
             }
             return;
         }
-
-        // Check instance field assignments that appear in constructor prologues
-        if (rs.isEarlyReference(env, base, v)) {
-
-            // Field may not be inherited from a superclass
-            if (v.owner != env.enclClass.sym) {
-                log.error(pos, Errors.CantRefBeforeCtorCalled(v));
-                return;
-            }
-
-            // Field may not have an initializer
-            if ((v.flags() & HASINIT) != 0) {
-                log.error(pos, Errors.CantAssignInitializedBeforeCtorCalled(v));
-                return;
-            }
-        }
     }
 
     /** Does tree represent a static reference to an identifier?
@@ -627,6 +617,7 @@ public void report(DiagnosticPosition pos, JCDiagnostic details) {
 
     final ResultInfo statInfo;
     final ResultInfo varAssignmentInfo;
+    final ResultInfo varAssignmentOpInfo;
     final ResultInfo methodAttrInfo;
     final ResultInfo unknownExprInfo;
     final ResultInfo unknownTypeInfo;
@@ -955,8 +946,9 @@ public void visitClassDef(JCClassDecl tree) {
         Optional<ArgumentAttr.LocalCacheContext> localCacheContext =
                 Optional.ofNullable(env.info.attributionMode.isSpeculative ?
                         argumentAttr.withLocalCacheContext() : null);
-        boolean ctorProloguePrev = env.info.ctorPrologue;
+        EarlyConstructionContext earlyConstructionPrev = env.info.earlyContext;
         try {
+            env.info.earlyContext = earlyConstructionPrev.nested(true);
             // Local and anonymous classes have not been entered yet, so we need to
             // do it now.
             if (env.info.scope.owner.kind.matches(KindSelector.VAL_MTH)) {
@@ -981,7 +973,7 @@ public void visitClassDef(JCClassDecl tree) {
                 // If a class declaration appears in a constructor prologue,
                 // that means it's either a local class or an anonymous class.
                 // Either way, there is no immediately enclosing instance.
-                if (ctorProloguePrev) {
+                if (earlyConstructionPrev.ctorPrologue()) {
                     c.flags_field |= NOOUTERTHIS;
                 }
                 attribClass(tree.pos(), c);
@@ -989,7 +981,7 @@ public void visitClassDef(JCClassDecl tree) {
             }
         } finally {
             localCacheContext.ifPresent(LocalCacheContext::leave);
-            env.info.ctorPrologue = ctorProloguePrev;
+            env.info.earlyContext = earlyConstructionPrev;
         }
     }
 
@@ -999,8 +991,8 @@ public void visitMethodDef(JCMethodDecl tree) {
 
         Lint lint = env.info.lint.augment(m);
         Lint prevLint = chk.setLint(lint);
-        boolean ctorProloguePrev = env.info.ctorPrologue;
-        Assert.check(!env.info.ctorPrologue);
+        EarlyConstructionContext earlyConstructionPrev = env.info.earlyContext;
+        Assert.check(!earlyConstructionPrev.ctorPrologue());
         MethodSymbol prevMethod = chk.setMethod(m);
         try {
             chk.checkDeprecatedAnnotation(tree.pos(), m);
@@ -1125,7 +1117,8 @@ public void visitMethodDef(JCMethodDecl tree) {
                                 );
                             }
 
-                            if (TreeInfo.hasAnyConstructorCall(tree)) {
+                            if ((!allowValueClasses || TreeInfo.isCompactConstructor(tree)) &&
+                                    TreeInfo.hasAnyConstructorCall(tree)) {
                                 log.error(tree, Errors.InvalidCanonicalConstructorInRecord(
                                         Fragments.Canonical, env.enclClass.sym.name,
                                         Fragments.CanonicalMustNotContainExplicitConstructorInvocation));
@@ -1207,7 +1200,11 @@ public void visitMethodDef(JCMethodDecl tree) {
                     if (!TreeInfo.hasAnyConstructorCall(tree)) {
                         JCStatement supCall = make.at(tree.body.pos).Exec(make.Apply(List.nil(),
                                 make.Ident(names._super), make.Idents(List.nil())));
-                        tree.body.stats = tree.body.stats.prepend(supCall);
+                        if (allowValueClasses && (owner.isValueClass() || owner.isRecord())) {
+                            tree.body.stats = tree.body.stats.append(supCall);
+                        } else {
+                            tree.body.stats = tree.body.stats.prepend(supCall);
+                        }
                     } else if ((env.enclClass.sym.flags() & ENUM) != 0 &&
                             (tree.mods.flags & GENERATEDCONSTR) == 0 &&
                             TreeInfo.hasConstructorCall(tree, names._super)) {
@@ -1241,7 +1238,11 @@ public void visitMethodDef(JCMethodDecl tree) {
                 annotate.flush();
 
                 // Start of constructor prologue (if not in java.lang.Object constructor)
-                localEnv.info.ctorPrologue = isConstructor && owner.type != syms.objectType;
+                if (isConstructor && owner.type != syms.objectType) {
+                    boolean hasThisConstructorCall = TreeInfo.hasConstructorCall(tree, names._this);
+                    localEnv.info.earlyContext = EarlyConstructionContext.of(owner,
+                            hasThisConstructorCall && allowValueClasses);
+                }
 
                 // Attribute method body.
                 attribStat(tree.body, localEnv);
@@ -1252,7 +1253,7 @@ public void visitMethodDef(JCMethodDecl tree) {
         } finally {
             chk.setLint(prevLint);
             chk.setMethod(prevMethod);
-            env.info.ctorPrologue = ctorProloguePrev;
+            env.info.earlyContext = earlyConstructionPrev;
         }
     }
 
@@ -1317,10 +1318,19 @@ public void visitVarDef(JCVariableDecl tree) {
                     // declaration position to maximal possible value, effectively
                     // marking the variable as undefined.
                     initEnv.info.enclVar = v;
-                    attribExpr(tree.init, initEnv, v.type);
-                    if (tree.isImplicitlyTyped()) {
-                        //fixup local variable type
-                        v.type = chk.checkLocalVarType(tree, tree.init.type, tree.name);
+                    EarlyConstructionContext previousEarlyConstruction = initEnv.info.earlyContext;
+                    try {
+                        if (v.isStrictInstance() && allowValueClasses) {
+                            // instance strict field init occur in early construction context
+                            initEnv.info.earlyContext = EarlyConstructionContext.of((ClassSymbol)v.owner, false);
+                        }
+                        attribExpr(tree.init, initEnv, v.type);
+                        if (tree.isImplicitlyTyped()) {
+                            //fixup local variable type
+                            v.type = chk.checkLocalVarType(tree, tree.init.type, tree.name);
+                        }
+                    } finally {
+                        initEnv.info.earlyContext = previousEarlyConstruction;
                     }
                 }
                 if (tree.isImplicitlyTyped()) {
@@ -1955,8 +1965,8 @@ private Symbol enumConstant(JCTree tree, Type enumType) {
     }
 
     public void visitSynchronized(JCSynchronized tree) {
-        chk.checkRefType(tree.pos(), attribExpr(tree.lock, env));
-        if (tree.lock.type != null && tree.lock.type.isValueBased()) {
+        boolean identityType = chk.checkIdentityType(tree.pos(), attribExpr(tree.lock, env));
+        if (identityType && tree.lock.type != null && tree.lock.type.isValueBased()) {
             log.warning(tree.pos(), LintWarnings.AttemptToSynchronizeOnInstanceOfValueBasedClass);
         }
         attribStat(tree.body, env);
@@ -2574,8 +2584,8 @@ public void visitApply(JCMethodInvocation tree) {
             argtypes = argtypesBuf.toList();
             typeargtypes = attribTypes(tree.typeargs, localEnv);
 
-            // Done with this()/super() parameters. End of constructor prologue.
-            env.info.ctorPrologue = false;
+            // End of constructor prologue. Done with this()/super() parameters.
+            env.info.earlyContext = EarlyConstructionContext.NONE;
 
             // Variable `site' points to the class in which the called
             // constructor is defined.
@@ -3598,6 +3608,7 @@ public Env<AttrContext> lambdaEnv(JCLambda that, Env<AttrContext> env) {
             }
             lambdaEnv.info.yieldResult = null;
             lambdaEnv.info.isLambda = true;
+            lambdaEnv.info.earlyContext = lambdaEnv.info.earlyContext.nested(false);
             return lambdaEnv;
         }
 
@@ -3998,7 +4009,7 @@ public void visitAssign(JCAssign tree) {
 
     public void visitAssignop(JCAssignOp tree) {
         // Attribute arguments.
-        Type owntype = attribTree(tree.lhs, env, varAssignmentInfo);
+        Type owntype = attribTree(tree.lhs, env, varAssignmentOpInfo);
         Type operand = attribExpr(tree.rhs, env);
         // Find operator.
         Symbol operator = tree.operator = operators.resolveBinary(tree, tree.getTag().noAssignOp(), owntype, operand);
@@ -4021,7 +4032,7 @@ public void visitAssignop(JCAssignOp tree) {
     public void visitUnary(JCUnary tree) {
         // Attribute arguments.
         Type argtype = (tree.getTag().isIncOrDecUnaryOp())
-            ? attribTree(tree.arg, env, varAssignmentInfo)
+            ? attribTree(tree.arg, env, varAssignmentOpInfo)
             : chk.checkNonVoid(tree.arg.pos(), attribExpr(tree.arg, env));
 
         // Find operator.
@@ -4418,7 +4429,21 @@ public void visitSelect(JCFieldAccess tree) {
         }
 
         // Attribute the qualifier expression, and determine its symbol (if any).
-        Type site = attribTree(tree.selected, env, new ResultInfo(skind, Type.noType));
+        Type site;
+        EarlyConstructionContext earlyConstructionPrev = env.info.earlyContext;
+        JCTree earlyFieldQualifier = earlyFieldQualifier(tree);
+        try {
+            if (earlyFieldQualifier != null) {
+                // if we're seeing a likely field access, and qualifier is this/super,
+                // pretend we're not in early construction context. This allows Resolve
+                // to skip premature checks against this/super
+                env.info.earlyContext = EarlyConstructionContext.NONE;
+            }
+            site = attribTree(tree.selected, env, new ResultInfo(skind, Type.noType));
+        } finally {
+            env.info.earlyContext = earlyConstructionPrev;
+        }
+        Assert.check(site == tree.selected.type);
         if (!pkind().contains(KindSelector.TYP_PCK))
             site = capture(site); // Capture field access
 
@@ -4446,14 +4471,17 @@ public void visitSelect(JCFieldAccess tree) {
 
         // Determine the symbol represented by the selection.
         env.info.pendingResolutionPhase = null;
-        Symbol sym = selectSym(tree, sitesym, site, env, resultInfo);
+        Symbol sym;
+        sym = selectSym(tree, sitesym, site, env, resultInfo, earlyFieldQualifier);
         if (sym.kind == VAR && sym.name != names._super && env.info.defaultSuperCallSite != null) {
             log.error(tree.selected.pos(), Errors.NotEnclClass(site.tsym));
             sym = syms.errSymbol;
         }
-        if (sym.exists() && !isType(sym) && pkind().contains(KindSelector.TYP_PCK)) {
+        if (sym.exists() && !isType(sym) &&
+                tree.name != names._this && tree.name != names._super &&
+                pkind().contains(KindSelector.TYP_PCK)) {
             site = capture(site);
-            sym = selectSym(tree, sitesym, site, env, resultInfo);
+            sym = selectSym(tree, sitesym, site, env, resultInfo, earlyFieldQualifier);
         }
         boolean varArgs = env.info.lastResolveVarargs();
         tree.sym = sym;
@@ -4535,6 +4563,17 @@ public void visitSelect(JCFieldAccess tree) {
         env.info.selectSuper = selectSuperPrev;
         result = checkId(tree, site, sym, env, resultInfo);
     }
+
+    private JCTree earlyFieldQualifier(JCFieldAccess tree) {
+        boolean methodSelect = resultInfo.pt.hasTag(METHOD) || resultInfo.pt.hasTag(FORALL);
+        if (!methodSelect &&
+                (TreeInfo.isThisOrSelectorDotThis(tree.selected) ||
+                TreeInfo.isSuperOrSelectorDotSuper(tree.selected))) {
+            return tree.selected;
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
     //where
         /** Determine symbol referenced by a Select expression,
          *
@@ -4547,7 +4586,8 @@ private Symbol selectSym(JCFieldAccess tree,
                                  Symbol location,
                                  Type site,
                                  Env<AttrContext> env,
-                                 ResultInfo resultInfo) {
+                                 ResultInfo resultInfo,
+                                 JCTree earlyFieldQualifier) {
             DiagnosticPosition pos = tree.pos();
             Name name = tree.name;
             switch (site.getTag()) {
@@ -4561,14 +4601,15 @@ private Symbol selectSym(JCFieldAccess tree,
                     return rs.resolveQualifiedMethod(
                         pos, env, location, site, name, resultInfo.pt.getParameterTypes(), resultInfo.pt.getTypeArguments());
                 } else if (name == names._this || name == names._super) {
-                    return rs.resolveSelf(pos, env, site.tsym, tree);
+                    Symbol sym = rs.resolveSelf(pos, env, site.tsym, tree);
+                    return rs.accessBase(sym, pos, env.enclClass.sym.type, name, true);
                 } else if (name == names._class) {
                     // In this case, we have already made sure in
                     // visitSelect that qualifier expression is a type.
                     return syms.getClassField(site, types);
                 } else {
                     // We are seeing a plain identifier as selector.
-                    Symbol sym = rs.findIdentInType(pos, env, site, name, resultInfo.pkind);
+                    Symbol sym = rs.findIdentInType(pos, env, site, name, resultInfo.pkind, earlyFieldQualifier);
                         sym = rs.accessBase(sym, pos, location, site, name, true);
                     return sym;
                 }
@@ -4582,7 +4623,7 @@ private Symbol selectSym(JCFieldAccess tree,
                 // other words, we are seeing this illegal program:
                 // class B<T> extends A<T.foo> {}
                 Symbol sym = (site.getUpperBound() != null)
-                    ? selectSym(tree, location, capture(site.getUpperBound()), env, resultInfo)
+                    ? selectSym(tree, location, capture(site.getUpperBound()), env, resultInfo, earlyFieldQualifier)
                     : null;
                 if (sym == null) {
                     log.error(pos, Errors.TypeVarCantBeDeref);
@@ -5718,7 +5759,7 @@ private void attribClassBody(Env<AttrContext> env, ClassSymbol c) {
         if (env.info.lint.isEnabled(LintCategory.SERIAL)
                 && rs.isSerializable(c.type)
                 && !c.isAnonymous()) {
-            chk.checkSerialStructure(tree, c);
+            chk.checkSerialStructure(env, tree, c);
         }
         // Correctly organize the positions of the type annotations
         typeAnnotations.organizeTypeAnnotationsBodies(tree);
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/AttrContext.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/AttrContext.java
index 092b624aee5..9e8ef105946 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/AttrContext.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/AttrContext.java
@@ -49,9 +49,9 @@ public class AttrContext {
      */
     int staticLevel = 0;
 
-    /** Are we in the 'prologue' part of a constructor, prior to an explicit this()/super()?
+    /** Early construction context.
      */
-    boolean ctorPrologue = false;
+    EarlyConstructionContext earlyContext = EarlyConstructionContext.NONE;
 
     /** Are we evaluating the selector of a `super' or type name?
      */
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ AttrContext dup(WriteableScope scope) {
         AttrContext info = new AttrContext();
         info.scope = scope;
         info.staticLevel = staticLevel;
-        info.ctorPrologue = ctorPrologue;
+        info.earlyContext = earlyContext;
         info.selectSuper = selectSuper;
         info.pendingResolutionPhase = pendingResolutionPhase;
         info.lint = lint;
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Check.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Check.java
index 34427765107..9cc7e187d14 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Check.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Check.java
@@ -167,6 +167,7 @@ protected Check(Context context) {
         allowRecords = Feature.RECORDS.allowedInSource(source);
         allowSealed = Feature.SEALED_CLASSES.allowedInSource(source);
         allowPrimitivePatterns = preview.isEnabled() && Feature.PRIMITIVE_PATTERNS.allowedInSource(source);
+        allowValueClasses = preview.isEnabled() && Feature.VALUE_CLASSES.allowedInSource(source);
     }
 
     /** Character for synthetic names
@@ -194,6 +195,10 @@ protected Check(Context context) {
      */
     private final boolean allowPrimitivePatterns;
 
+    /** Are value classes allowed
+     */
+    private final boolean allowValueClasses;
+
     /** Whether to force suppression of deprecation and preview warnings.
      *  This happens when attributing import statements for JDK 9+.
      *  @see Feature#DEPRECATION_ON_IMPORT
@@ -728,6 +733,32 @@ Type checkRefType(DiagnosticPosition pos, Type t) {
                                 t);
     }
 
+    /** Check that type is an identity type, i.e. not a value type.
+     *  When not discernible statically, give it the benefit of doubt
+     *  and defer to runtime.
+     *
+     *  @param pos           Position to be used for error reporting.
+     *  @param t             The type to be checked.
+     */
+    boolean checkIdentityType(DiagnosticPosition pos, Type t) {
+        if (t.hasTag(TYPEVAR)) {
+            t = types.skipTypeVars(t, false);
+        }
+        if (t.isIntersection()) {
+            IntersectionClassType ict = (IntersectionClassType)t;
+            boolean result = true;
+            for (Type component : ict.getExplicitComponents()) {
+                result &= checkIdentityType(pos, component);
+            }
+            return result;
+        }
+        if (t.isPrimitive() || (t.isValueClass() && !t.tsym.isAbstract())) {
+            typeTagError(pos, diags.fragment(Fragments.TypeReqIdentity), t);
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
     /** Check that each type is a reference type, i.e. a class, interface or array type
      *  or a type variable.
      *  @param trees         Original trees, used for error reporting.
@@ -1119,8 +1150,18 @@ else if (sym.owner.kind != TYP)
                 mask = LocalVarFlags;
             else if ((sym.owner.flags_field & INTERFACE) != 0)
                 mask = implicit = InterfaceVarFlags;
-            else
-                mask = VarFlags;
+            else {
+                boolean isInstanceField = (flags & STATIC) == 0;
+                boolean isInstanceFieldOfValueClass = isInstanceField && sym.owner.type.isValueClass();
+                boolean isRecordField = isInstanceField && (sym.owner.flags_field & RECORD) != 0;
+                if (allowValueClasses && (isInstanceFieldOfValueClass || isRecordField)) {
+                    implicit |= FINAL | STRICT;
+                    preview.markUsesPreview(pos); // STRICT_INIT is a preview VM feature
+                    mask = ValueFieldFlags;
+                } else {
+                    mask = VarFlags;
+                }
+            }
             break;
         case MTH:
             if (sym.name == names.init) {
@@ -1146,9 +1187,12 @@ else if ((sym.owner.flags_field & INTERFACE) != 0)
                     mask = implicit = InterfaceMethodFlags;
                 }
             } else if ((sym.owner.flags_field & RECORD) != 0) {
-                mask = RecordMethodFlags;
+                mask = ((sym.owner.flags_field & VALUE_CLASS) != 0 && (flags & Flags.STATIC) == 0) ?
+                        RecordMethodFlags & ~SYNCHRONIZED : RecordMethodFlags;
             } else {
-                mask = MethodFlags;
+                // value objects do not have an associated monitor/lock
+                mask = ((sym.owner.flags_field & VALUE_CLASS) != 0 && (flags & Flags.STATIC) == 0) ?
+                        MethodFlags & ~SYNCHRONIZED : MethodFlags;
             }
             if ((flags & STRICTFP) != 0) {
                 log.warning(tree.pos(), LintWarnings.Strictfp);
@@ -1165,7 +1209,7 @@ else if ((sym.owner.flags_field & INTERFACE) != 0)
                         ((flags & RECORD) != 0 || (flags & ENUM) != 0 || (flags & INTERFACE) != 0);
                 boolean staticOrImplicitlyStatic = (flags & STATIC) != 0 || implicitlyStatic;
                 // local statics are allowed only if records are allowed too
-                mask = staticOrImplicitlyStatic && allowRecords && (flags & ANNOTATION) == 0 ? StaticLocalFlags : LocalClassFlags;
+                mask = staticOrImplicitlyStatic && allowRecords && (flags & ANNOTATION) == 0 ? ExtendedStaticLocalClassFlags : ExtendedLocalClassFlags;
                 implicit = implicitlyStatic ? STATIC : implicit;
             } else if (sym.owner.kind == TYP) {
                 // statics in inner classes are allowed only if records are allowed too
@@ -1181,12 +1225,20 @@ else if ((sym.owner.flags_field & INTERFACE) != 0)
             } else {
                 mask = ExtendedClassFlags;
             }
+            if ((flags & (VALUE_CLASS | SEALED | ABSTRACT)) == (VALUE_CLASS | SEALED) ||
+                (flags & (VALUE_CLASS | NON_SEALED | ABSTRACT)) == (VALUE_CLASS | NON_SEALED)) {
+                log.error(pos, Errors.NonAbstractValueClassCantBeSealedOrNonSealed);
+            }
             // Interfaces are always ABSTRACT
             if ((flags & INTERFACE) != 0) implicit |= ABSTRACT;
 
+            if ((flags & (INTERFACE | VALUE_CLASS)) == 0) {
+                implicit |= IDENTITY_TYPE;
+            }
+
             if ((flags & ENUM) != 0) {
-                // enums can't be declared abstract, final, sealed or non-sealed
-                mask &= ~(ABSTRACT | FINAL | SEALED | NON_SEALED);
+                // enums can't be declared abstract, final, sealed or non-sealed or value
+                mask &= ~(ABSTRACT | FINAL | SEALED | NON_SEALED | VALUE_CLASS);
                 implicit |= implicitEnumFinalFlag(tree);
             }
             if ((flags & RECORD) != 0) {
@@ -1199,6 +1251,11 @@ else if ((sym.owner.flags_field & INTERFACE) != 0)
             }
             // Imply STRICTFP if owner has STRICTFP set.
             implicit |= sym.owner.flags_field & STRICTFP;
+
+            // concrete value classes are implicitly final
+            if ((flags & (ABSTRACT | INTERFACE | VALUE_CLASS)) == VALUE_CLASS) {
+                implicit |= FINAL;
+            }
             break;
         default:
             throw new AssertionError();
@@ -1213,8 +1270,7 @@ else if ((sym.owner.flags_field & INTERFACE) != 0)
                 log.error(pos,
                         Errors.ModNotAllowedHere(asFlagSet(illegal)));
             }
-        }
-        else if ((sym.kind == TYP ||
+        } else if ((sym.kind == TYP ||
                   // ISSUE: Disallowing abstract&private is no longer appropriate
                   // in the presence of inner classes. Should it be deleted here?
                   checkDisjoint(pos, flags,
@@ -1237,7 +1293,8 @@ else if ((sym.kind == TYP ||
                                PRIVATE,
                                PUBLIC | PROTECTED)
                  &&
-                 checkDisjoint(pos, flags,
+                 // we are using `implicit` here as instance fields of value classes are implicitly final
+                 checkDisjoint(pos, flags | implicit,
                                FINAL,
                                VOLATILE)
                  &&
@@ -1253,7 +1310,13 @@ && checkDisjoint(pos, flags,
                            FINAL | NON_SEALED)
                  && checkDisjoint(pos, flags,
                                 SEALED,
-                                ANNOTATION)) {
+                                ANNOTATION)
+                && checkDisjoint(pos, flags,
+                                VALUE_CLASS,
+                                ANNOTATION)
+                && checkDisjoint(pos, flags,
+                                VALUE_CLASS,
+                                INTERFACE) ) {
             // skip
         }
         return flags & (mask | ~ExtendedStandardFlags) | implicit;
@@ -2050,6 +2113,11 @@ void checkOverride(Env<AttrContext> env, JCMethodDecl tree, MethodSymbol m) {
                 return;
             }
         }
+        if (allowValueClasses && origin.isValueClass() && names.finalize.equals(m.name)) {
+            if (m.overrides(syms.objectFinalize, origin, types, false)) {
+                log.warning(tree.pos(), Warnings.ValueFinalize);
+            }
+        }
         if (allowRecords && origin.isRecord()) {
             // let's find out if this is a user defined accessor in which case the @Override annotation is acceptable
             Optional<? extends RecordComponent> recordComponent = origin.getRecordComponents().stream()
@@ -2485,6 +2553,14 @@ void checkCompatibleSupertypes(DiagnosticPosition pos, Type c) {
                     return;
         }
         checkCompatibleConcretes(pos, c);
+
+        Type identitySuper = null;
+        Type superType = types.supertype(c);
+        if (superType.isIdentityClass())
+            identitySuper = superType;
+        if (c.isValueClass() && identitySuper != null && identitySuper.tsym != syms.objectType.tsym) { // Object is special
+            log.error(pos, Errors.ValueTypeHasIdentitySuperType(c, identitySuper));
+        }
     }
 
     /** Check that all non-override equivalent methods accessible from 'site'
@@ -4858,8 +4934,8 @@ boolean isExternalizable(Type t) {
     /**
      * Check structure of serialization declarations.
      */
-    public void checkSerialStructure(JCClassDecl tree, ClassSymbol c) {
-        (new SerialTypeVisitor()).visit(c, tree);
+    public void checkSerialStructure(Env<AttrContext> env, JCClassDecl tree, ClassSymbol c) {
+        (new SerialTypeVisitor(env)).visit(c, tree);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -4890,8 +4966,10 @@ public void checkSerialStructure(JCClassDecl tree, ClassSymbol c) {
      * public void readExternal(ObjectInput) throws IOException
      */
     private class SerialTypeVisitor extends ElementKindVisitor14<Void, JCClassDecl> {
-        SerialTypeVisitor() {
+        Env<AttrContext> env;
+        SerialTypeVisitor(Env<AttrContext> env) {
             this.lint = Check.this.lint;
+            this.env = env;
         }
 
         private static final Set<String> serialMethodNames =
@@ -4927,8 +5005,11 @@ public Void visitTypeAsClass(TypeElement e,
 
             checkCtorAccess(p, c);
 
-            // Check for missing serialVersionUID; check *not* done
-            // for enums or records.
+            /* Check for missing serialVersionUID; check *not* done
+             * for enums or records.
+             * Migrated value classes, need the value class and its corresponding
+             * identity class to have the same SVUID.
+             */
             VarSymbol svuidSym = null;
             for (Symbol sym : c.members().getSymbolsByName(names.serialVersionUID)) {
                 if (sym.kind == VAR) {
@@ -4951,6 +5032,7 @@ public Void visitTypeAsClass(TypeElement e,
 
             // Check declarations of serialization-related methods and
             // fields
+            final Map<String, Symbol> declaredSerialMethodNames = new HashMap<>();
             for(Symbol el : c.getEnclosedElements()) {
                 runUnderLint(el, p, (enclosed, tree) -> {
                     String name = null;
@@ -5023,20 +5105,64 @@ public Void visitTypeAsClass(TypeElement e,
                         var method = (MethodSymbol)enclosed;
                         name = method.getSimpleName().toString();
                         if (serialMethodNames.contains(name)) {
-                            switch (name) {
-                            case "writeObject"      -> checkWriteObject(tree, e, method);
-                            case "writeReplace"     -> checkWriteReplace(tree,e, method);
-                            case "readObject"       -> checkReadObject(tree,e, method);
-                            case "readObjectNoData" -> checkReadObjectNoData(tree, e, method);
-                            case "readResolve"      -> checkReadResolve(tree, e, method);
-                            default ->  throw new AssertionError();
+                            if (switch (name) {
+                                case "writeObject"      -> hasAppropriateWriteObject(tree, e, method);
+                                case "writeReplace"     -> hasAppropriateWriteReplace(tree, method, true);
+                                case "readObject"       -> hasAppropriateReadObject(tree, e, method);
+                                case "readObjectNoData" -> hasAppropriateReadObjectNoData(tree, e, method);
+                                case "readResolve"      -> hasAppropriateReadResolve(tree, e, method);
+                                default ->  throw new AssertionError();
+                            }) {
+                                declaredSerialMethodNames.put(name, el);
                             }
                         }
                     }
                     }
                 });
             }
-
+            if (declaredSerialMethodNames.get("writeReplace") == null &&
+                    (c.isValueClass() || hasAbstractValueSuperClass(c, Set.of(syms.numberType.tsym))) &&
+                    !c.isAbstract() && !c.isRecord() &&
+                    types.unboxedType(c.type) == Type.noType) {
+                /* if we are dealing with a value class or with a class with a super class that happens to
+                 * be an abstract value class, that is not declaring a proper `writeReplace` method, then we
+                 * need to make sure then that it is inheriting an appropriate one.
+                 */
+                MethodSymbol ms = null;
+                Log.DiagnosticHandler discardHandler = log.new DiscardDiagnosticHandler();
+                try {
+                    ms = rs.resolveInternalMethod(env.tree, env, c.type, names.writeReplace, List.nil(), List.nil());
+                } catch (FatalError fe) {
+                    // ignore no method was found
+                } finally {
+                    log.popDiagnosticHandler(discardHandler);
+                }
+                if (ms == null || !hasAppropriateWriteReplace(p, ms, false)) {
+                    log.warning(p.pos(),
+                            c.isValueClass() ? LintWarnings.SerializableValueClassWithoutWriteReplace1 :
+                                    LintWarnings.SerializableValueClassWithoutWriteReplace2);
+                }
+            }
+            if (c.isValueClass()) {
+                /* Value classes are Serializable through the use of the serialization proxy pattern.
+                 * The serialization protocol does not support a standard serialized form for value classes.
+                 * The value class delegates to a serialization proxy by supplying an alternate
+                 * record or object to be serialized instead of the value class.
+                 * When the proxy is deserialized it re-constructs the value object and returns the value object.
+                 *
+                 * In particular methods:
+                 *  - writeObject
+                 *  - readObject and
+                 *  - readObjectNoData
+                 * are not invoked for value classes, we need to warn the user about this
+                 */
+                for (Map.Entry<String, Symbol> entry : declaredSerialMethodNames.entrySet()) {
+                    String key = entry.getKey();
+                    if (key.equals("writeObject") || key.equals("readObject") || key.equals("readObjectNoData")) {
+                        log.warning(TreeInfo.diagnosticPositionFor(entry.getValue(), p), LintWarnings.IneffectualSerialMethodValueClass(key));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
             return null;
         }
 
@@ -5044,6 +5170,22 @@ boolean canBeSerialized(Type type) {
             return type.isPrimitive() || rs.isSerializable(type);
         }
 
+        private boolean hasAbstractValueSuperClass(Symbol c, Set<Symbol> excluding) {
+            while (c.getKind() == ElementKind.CLASS) {
+                Type sup = ((ClassSymbol)c).getSuperclass();
+                if (!sup.hasTag(CLASS) || sup.isErroneous() ||
+                        sup.tsym == syms.objectType.tsym) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                // if it is a value super class it has to be abstract
+                if (sup.isValueClass() && !excluding.contains(sup.tsym)) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+                c = sup.tsym;
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
         /**
          * Check that Externalizable class needs a public no-arg
          * constructor.
@@ -5160,64 +5302,64 @@ private void checkSerialPersistentFields(JCClassDecl tree, Element e, VarSymbol
             }
         }
 
-        private void checkWriteObject(JCClassDecl tree, Element e, MethodSymbol method) {
+        private boolean hasAppropriateWriteObject(JCClassDecl tree, Element e, MethodSymbol method) {
             // The "synchronized" modifier is seen in the wild on
             // readObject and writeObject methods and is generally
             // innocuous.
 
             // private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream stream) throws IOException
-            checkPrivateNonStaticMethod(tree, method);
-            checkReturnType(tree, e, method, syms.voidType);
-            checkOneArg(tree, e, method, syms.objectOutputStreamType);
-            checkExceptions(tree, e, method, syms.ioExceptionType);
-            checkExternalizable(tree, e, method);
+            return isPrivateNonStaticMethod(tree, method) &  // no short-circuit we need to log warnings
+                    isExpectedReturnType(tree, method, syms.voidType, true) &
+                    hasExpectedArg(tree, method, syms.objectOutputStreamType) &
+                    hasExpectedExceptions(tree, method, true, syms.ioExceptionType) &
+                    checkExternalizable(tree, e, method);
         }
 
-        private void checkWriteReplace(JCClassDecl tree, Element e, MethodSymbol method) {
+        private boolean hasAppropriateWriteReplace(JCClassDecl tree, MethodSymbol method, boolean warn) {
             // ANY-ACCESS-MODIFIER Object writeReplace() throws
             // ObjectStreamException
 
             // Excluding abstract, could have a more complicated
             // rule based on abstract-ness of the class
-            checkConcreteInstanceMethod(tree, e, method);
-            checkReturnType(tree, e, method, syms.objectType);
-            checkNoArgs(tree, e, method);
-            checkExceptions(tree, e, method, syms.objectStreamExceptionType);
+            return isConcreteInstanceMethod(tree, method, warn) &  // no short-circuit we need to log warnings
+                    isExpectedReturnType(tree, method, syms.objectType, warn) &
+                    hasNoArgs(tree, method, warn) &
+                    hasExpectedExceptions(tree, method, warn, syms.objectStreamExceptionType);
         }
 
-        private void checkReadObject(JCClassDecl tree, Element e, MethodSymbol method) {
+        private boolean hasAppropriateReadObject(JCClassDecl tree, Element e, MethodSymbol method) {
             // The "synchronized" modifier is seen in the wild on
             // readObject and writeObject methods and is generally
             // innocuous.
 
             // private void readObject(ObjectInputStream stream)
             //   throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException
-            checkPrivateNonStaticMethod(tree, method);
-            checkReturnType(tree, e, method, syms.voidType);
-            checkOneArg(tree, e, method, syms.objectInputStreamType);
-            checkExceptions(tree, e, method, syms.ioExceptionType, syms.classNotFoundExceptionType);
-            checkExternalizable(tree, e, method);
+            return isPrivateNonStaticMethod(tree, method) & // no short-circuit we need to log warnings
+                    isExpectedReturnType(tree, method, syms.voidType, true) &
+                    hasExpectedArg(tree, method, syms.objectInputStreamType) &
+                    hasExpectedExceptions(tree, method, true, syms.ioExceptionType, syms.classNotFoundExceptionType) &
+                    checkExternalizable(tree, e, method);
         }
 
-        private void checkReadObjectNoData(JCClassDecl tree, Element e, MethodSymbol method) {
+        private boolean hasAppropriateReadObjectNoData(JCClassDecl tree, Element e, MethodSymbol method) {
             // private void readObjectNoData() throws ObjectStreamException
-            checkPrivateNonStaticMethod(tree, method);
-            checkReturnType(tree, e, method, syms.voidType);
-            checkNoArgs(tree, e, method);
-            checkExceptions(tree, e, method, syms.objectStreamExceptionType);
-            checkExternalizable(tree, e, method);
+            return isPrivateNonStaticMethod(tree, method) & // no short-circuit we need to log warnings
+                    isExpectedReturnType(tree, method, syms.voidType, true) &
+                    hasNoArgs(tree, method, true) &
+                    hasExpectedExceptions(tree, method, true, syms.objectStreamExceptionType) &
+                    checkExternalizable(tree, e, method);
         }
 
-        private void checkReadResolve(JCClassDecl tree, Element e, MethodSymbol method) {
+        private boolean hasAppropriateReadResolve(JCClassDecl tree, Element e, MethodSymbol method) {
             // ANY-ACCESS-MODIFIER Object readResolve()
             // throws ObjectStreamException
 
             // Excluding abstract, could have a more complicated
             // rule based on abstract-ness of the class
-            checkConcreteInstanceMethod(tree, e, method);
-            checkReturnType(tree,e, method, syms.objectType);
-            checkNoArgs(tree, e, method);
-            checkExceptions(tree, e, method, syms.objectStreamExceptionType);
+            return isConcreteInstanceMethod(tree, method, true) & // no short-circuit we need to log warnings
+                    isExpectedReturnType(tree, method, syms.objectType, true) &
+                    hasNoArgs(tree, method, true) &
+                    hasExpectedExceptions(tree, method, true, syms.objectStreamExceptionType);
         }
 
         private void checkWriteExternalRecord(JCClassDecl tree, Element e, MethodSymbol method, boolean isExtern) {
@@ -5239,19 +5381,23 @@ private void checkExternMethodRecord(JCClassDecl tree, Element e, MethodSymbol m
             }
         }
 
-        void checkPrivateNonStaticMethod(JCClassDecl tree, MethodSymbol method) {
+        boolean isPrivateNonStaticMethod(JCClassDecl tree, MethodSymbol method) {
             var flags = method.flags();
+            boolean result = true;
             if ((flags & PRIVATE) == 0) {
                 log.warning(
                         TreeInfo.diagnosticPositionFor(method, tree),
                             LintWarnings.SerialMethodNotPrivate(method.getSimpleName()));
+                result = false;
             }
 
             if ((flags & STATIC) != 0) {
                 log.warning(
                         TreeInfo.diagnosticPositionFor(method, tree),
                             LintWarnings.SerialMethodStatic(method.getSimpleName()));
+                result = false;
             }
+            return result;
         }
 
         /**
@@ -5467,8 +5613,8 @@ public Void visitTypeAsRecord(TypeElement e,
                     case METHOD -> {
                         var method = (MethodSymbol)enclosed;
                         switch(name) {
-                        case "writeReplace" -> checkWriteReplace(tree, e, method);
-                        case "readResolve"  -> checkReadResolve(tree, e, method);
+                        case "writeReplace" -> hasAppropriateWriteReplace(tree, method, true);
+                        case "readResolve"  -> hasAppropriateReadResolve(tree, e, method);
 
                         case "writeExternal" -> checkWriteExternalRecord(tree, e, method, isExtern);
                         case "readExternal"  -> checkReadExternalRecord(tree, e, method, isExtern);
@@ -5485,20 +5631,24 @@ public Void visitTypeAsRecord(TypeElement e,
             return null;
         }
 
-        void checkConcreteInstanceMethod(JCClassDecl tree,
-                                         Element enclosing,
-                                         MethodSymbol method) {
+        boolean isConcreteInstanceMethod(JCClassDecl tree,
+                                         MethodSymbol method,
+                                         boolean warn) {
             if ((method.flags() & (STATIC | ABSTRACT)) != 0) {
+                if (warn) {
                     log.warning(
                             TreeInfo.diagnosticPositionFor(method, tree),
                                 LintWarnings.SerialConcreteInstanceMethod(method.getSimpleName()));
+                }
+                return false;
             }
+            return true;
         }
 
-        private void checkReturnType(JCClassDecl tree,
-                                     Element enclosing,
-                                     MethodSymbol method,
-                                     Type expectedReturnType) {
+        private boolean isExpectedReturnType(JCClassDecl tree,
+                                          MethodSymbol method,
+                                          Type expectedReturnType,
+                                          boolean warn) {
             // Note: there may be complications checking writeReplace
             // and readResolve since they return Object and could, in
             // principle, have covariant overrides and any synthetic
@@ -5506,18 +5656,20 @@ private void checkReturnType(JCClassDecl tree,
             // checking.
             Type rtype = method.getReturnType();
             if (!types.isSameType(expectedReturnType, rtype)) {
-                log.warning(
-                        TreeInfo.diagnosticPositionFor(method, tree),
+                if (warn) {
+                    log.warning(
+                            TreeInfo.diagnosticPositionFor(method, tree),
                             LintWarnings.SerialMethodUnexpectedReturnType(method.getSimpleName(),
                                                                       rtype, expectedReturnType));
+                }
+                return false;
             }
+            return true;
         }
 
-        private void checkOneArg(JCClassDecl tree,
-                                 Element enclosing,
-                                 MethodSymbol method,
-                                 Type expectedType) {
-            String name = method.getSimpleName().toString();
+        private boolean hasExpectedArg(JCClassDecl tree,
+                                       MethodSymbol method,
+                                       Type expectedType) {
 
             var parameters= method.getParameters();
 
@@ -5525,7 +5677,7 @@ private void checkOneArg(JCClassDecl tree,
                 log.warning(
                         TreeInfo.diagnosticPositionFor(method, tree),
                             LintWarnings.SerialMethodOneArg(method.getSimpleName(), parameters.size()));
-                return;
+                return false;
             }
 
             Type parameterType = parameters.get(0).asType();
@@ -5535,7 +5687,9 @@ private void checkOneArg(JCClassDecl tree,
                             LintWarnings.SerialMethodParameterType(method.getSimpleName(),
                                                                expectedType,
                                                                parameterType));
+                return false;
             }
+            return true;
         }
 
         private boolean hasExactlyOneArgWithType(JCClassDecl tree,
@@ -5548,29 +5702,34 @@ private boolean hasExactlyOneArgWithType(JCClassDecl tree,
         }
 
 
-        private void checkNoArgs(JCClassDecl tree, Element enclosing, MethodSymbol method) {
+        boolean hasNoArgs(JCClassDecl tree, MethodSymbol method, boolean warn) {
             var parameters = method.getParameters();
             if (!parameters.isEmpty()) {
-                log.warning(
-                        TreeInfo.diagnosticPositionFor(parameters.get(0), tree),
+                if (warn) {
+                    log.warning(
+                            TreeInfo.diagnosticPositionFor(parameters.get(0), tree),
                             LintWarnings.SerialMethodNoArgs(method.getSimpleName()));
+                }
+                return false;
             }
+            return true;
         }
 
-        private void checkExternalizable(JCClassDecl tree, Element enclosing, MethodSymbol method) {
+        private boolean checkExternalizable(JCClassDecl tree, Element enclosing, MethodSymbol method) {
             // If the enclosing class is externalizable, warn for the method
             if (isExternalizable((Type)enclosing.asType())) {
                 log.warning(
                         TreeInfo.diagnosticPositionFor(method, tree),
                             LintWarnings.IneffectualSerialMethodExternalizable(method.getSimpleName()));
+                return false;
             }
-            return;
+            return true;
         }
 
-        private void checkExceptions(JCClassDecl tree,
-                                     Element enclosing,
-                                     MethodSymbol method,
-                                     Type... declaredExceptions) {
+        private boolean hasExpectedExceptions(JCClassDecl tree,
+                                              MethodSymbol method,
+                                              boolean warn,
+                                              Type... declaredExceptions) {
             for (Type thrownType: method.getThrownTypes()) {
                 // For each exception in the throws clause of the
                 // method, if not an Error and not a RuntimeException,
@@ -5589,14 +5748,17 @@ private void checkExceptions(JCClassDecl tree,
                         }
                     }
                     if (!declared) {
-                        log.warning(
-                                TreeInfo.diagnosticPositionFor(method, tree),
+                        if (warn) {
+                            log.warning(
+                                    TreeInfo.diagnosticPositionFor(method, tree),
                                     LintWarnings.SerialMethodUnexpectedException(method.getSimpleName(),
                                                                              thrownType));
+                        }
+                        return false;
                     }
                 }
             }
-            return;
+            return true;
         }
 
         private <E extends Element> Void runUnderLint(E symbol, JCClassDecl p, BiConsumer<E, JCClassDecl> task) {
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/EarlyConstructionContext.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/EarlyConstructionContext.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..331ecfdf63f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/EarlyConstructionContext.java
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package com.sun.tools.javac.comp;
+
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Symbol.ClassSymbol;
+
+/**
+ * This record models early construction context state. Instances are stored inside
+ * a field of AttrContext, which is updated accordingly by Attr so that e.g. early field
+ * references are disallowed when inside a lambda
+ */
+record EarlyConstructionContext(ClassSymbol owner,
+                                boolean restricted,
+                                boolean ctorPrologue) {
+
+    /**
+     * Dummy context. Used when not in early construction context
+     */
+    static final EarlyConstructionContext NONE =
+            new EarlyConstructionContext(null, false, false);
+
+    /**
+     * Create a root early context
+     */
+    static EarlyConstructionContext of(ClassSymbol owner,
+                                       boolean restricted) {
+        return new EarlyConstructionContext(owner, restricted, true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create a derived early context for a lambda or a class nested inside
+     * the early construction context
+     */
+    EarlyConstructionContext nested(boolean isClass) {
+        if (this == NONE) {
+            return this;
+        }
+        return new EarlyConstructionContext(owner, true,
+                !isClass && ctorPrologue);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Enter.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Enter.java
index b1c42a323be..afc59511ede 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Enter.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Enter.java
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ public Env<AttrContext> classEnv(JCClassDecl tree, Env<AttrContext> env) {
         localEnv.info.lint = null; // leave this to be filled in by Attr,
                                    // when annotations have been processed
         localEnv.info.isAnonymousDiamond = TreeInfo.isDiamond(env.tree);
-        localEnv.info.ctorPrologue = false;
+        localEnv.info.earlyContext = localEnv.info.earlyContext.nested(true);
         return localEnv;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Flow.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Flow.java
index cbcb474a37f..4b11a3ae56d 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Flow.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Flow.java
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.Tag.*;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.JCDiagnostic.Fragment;
 import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.function.Predicate;
 
 /** This pass implements dataflow analysis for Java programs though
  *  different AST visitor steps. Liveness analysis (see AliveAnalyzer) checks that
@@ -469,8 +470,31 @@ protected void scanSyntheticBreak(TreeMaker make, JCTree swtch) {
             }
         }
 
-        // Do something with all static or non-static field initializers and initialization blocks.
-        protected void forEachInitializer(JCClassDecl classDef, boolean isStatic, Consumer<? super JCTree> handler) {
+        /** a predicate that selects all static initializers */
+        static final Predicate<JCTree> STATIC_INITS = tree ->
+            switch (tree) {
+                case JCVariableDecl vdecl -> vdecl.sym.isStatic();
+                case JCBlock b -> b.isStatic();
+                default -> false;
+            };
+
+        /** a predicate that selects early instance initializers */
+        static final Predicate<JCTree> EARLY_INSTANCE_INITS = tree ->
+                tree instanceof JCVariableDecl vdecl && vdecl.sym.isStrictInstance();
+
+        /** a predicate that selects late instance initializers */
+        static final Predicate<JCTree> LATE_INSTANCE_INITS = tree ->
+                switch (tree) {
+                    case JCVariableDecl vdecl -> !vdecl.sym.isStatic() && !vdecl.sym.isStrict();
+                    case JCBlock b -> !b.isStatic();
+                    default -> false;
+                };
+
+        /** a predicate that all instance initializers */
+        static final Predicate<JCTree> INSTANCE_INITS = EARLY_INSTANCE_INITS.or(LATE_INSTANCE_INITS);
+
+        protected void forEachInitializer(JCClassDecl classDef, Predicate<? super JCTree> initFilter,
+                                          Consumer<? super JCTree> handler) {
             if (classDef == initScanClass)          // avoid infinite loops
                 return;
             JCClassDecl initScanClassPrev = initScanClass;
@@ -479,17 +503,11 @@ protected void forEachInitializer(JCClassDecl classDef, boolean isStatic, Consum
                 for (List<JCTree> defs = classDef.defs; defs.nonEmpty(); defs = defs.tail) {
                     JCTree def = defs.head;
 
-                    // Don't recurse into nested classes
-                    if (def.hasTag(CLASSDEF))
+                    if (!initFilter.test(def)) {
                         continue;
+                    }
 
-                    /* we need to check for flags in the symbol too as there could be cases for which implicit flags are
-                     * represented in the symbol but not in the tree modifiers as they were not originally in the source
-                     * code
-                     */
-                    boolean isDefStatic = ((TreeInfo.flags(def) | (TreeInfo.symbolFor(def) == null ? 0 : TreeInfo.symbolFor(def).flags_field)) & STATIC) != 0;
-                    if (!def.hasTag(METHODDEF) && (isDefStatic == isStatic))
-                        handler.accept(def);
+                    handler.accept(def);
                 }
             } finally {
                 initScanClass = initScanClassPrev;
@@ -565,13 +583,13 @@ public void visitClassDef(JCClassDecl tree) {
                 }
 
                 // process all the static initializers
-                forEachInitializer(tree, true, def -> {
+                forEachInitializer(tree, STATIC_INITS, def -> {
                     scanDef(def);
                     clearPendingExits(false);
                 });
 
                 // process all the instance initializers
-                forEachInitializer(tree, false, def -> {
+                forEachInitializer(tree, INSTANCE_INITS, def -> {
                     scanDef(def);
                     clearPendingExits(false);
                 });
@@ -1054,7 +1072,7 @@ public void visitClassDef(JCClassDecl tree) {
                 }
 
                 // process all the static initializers
-                forEachInitializer(tree, true, def -> {
+                forEachInitializer(tree, STATIC_INITS, def -> {
                     scan(def);
                     errorUncaught();
                 });
@@ -1398,7 +1416,7 @@ public void visitApply(JCMethodInvocation tree) {
 
             // After super(), scan initializers to uncover any exceptions they throw
             if (TreeInfo.name(tree.meth) == names._super) {
-                forEachInitializer(classDef, false, def -> {
+                forEachInitializer(classDef, INSTANCE_INITS, def -> {
                     scan(def);
                     errorUncaught();
                 });
@@ -1746,6 +1764,7 @@ public AssignAnalyzer() {
         }
 
         private boolean isConstructor;
+        private boolean isCompactOrGeneratedRecordConstructor;
 
         @Override
         protected void markDead() {
@@ -1762,13 +1781,14 @@ protected boolean trackable(VarSymbol sym) {
             return
                 sym.pos >= startPos &&
                 ((sym.owner.kind == MTH || sym.owner.kind == VAR ||
-                isFinalUninitializedField(sym)));
+                isBlankFinalOrStrictField(sym)));
         }
 
-        boolean isFinalUninitializedField(VarSymbol sym) {
+        boolean isBlankFinalOrStrictField(VarSymbol sym) {
             return sym.owner.kind == TYP &&
-                   ((sym.flags() & (FINAL | HASINIT | PARAMETER)) == FINAL &&
-                   classDef.sym.isEnclosedBy((ClassSymbol)sym.owner));
+                   (sym.flags() & (HASINIT | PARAMETER)) == 0 &&
+                   (sym.isFinal() || sym.isStrict()) &&
+                   classDef.sym.isEnclosedBy((ClassSymbol)sym.owner);
         }
 
         /** Initialize new trackable variable by setting its address field
@@ -1839,6 +1859,10 @@ void uninit(VarSymbol sym) {
          *  record an initialization of the variable.
          */
         void letInit(JCTree tree) {
+            letInit(tree, (JCAssign) null);
+        }
+
+        void letInit(JCTree tree, JCAssign assign) {
             tree = TreeInfo.skipParens(tree);
             if (tree.hasTag(IDENT) || tree.hasTag(SELECT)) {
                 Symbol sym = TreeInfo.symbol(tree);
@@ -1859,7 +1883,7 @@ void checkInit(DiagnosticPosition pos, VarSymbol sym, Error errkey) {
                 trackable(sym) &&
                 !inits.isMember(sym.adr) &&
                 (sym.flags_field & CLASH) == 0) {
-                    log.error(pos, errkey);
+                log.error(pos, errkey);
                 inits.incl(sym.adr);
             }
         }
@@ -1981,7 +2005,7 @@ public void visitClassDef(JCClassDecl tree) {
                 }
 
                 // process all the static initializers
-                forEachInitializer(tree, true, def -> {
+                forEachInitializer(tree, STATIC_INITS, def -> {
                     scan(def);
                     clearPendingExits(false);
                 });
@@ -2048,8 +2072,11 @@ public void visitMethodDef(JCMethodDecl tree) {
 
             Assert.check(pendingExits.isEmpty());
             boolean isConstructorPrev = isConstructor;
+            boolean isCompactOrGeneratedRecordConstructorPrev = isCompactOrGeneratedRecordConstructor;
             try {
                 isConstructor = TreeInfo.isConstructor(tree);
+                isCompactOrGeneratedRecordConstructor = isConstructor && ((tree.sym.flags() & Flags.COMPACT_RECORD_CONSTRUCTOR) != 0 ||
+                         (tree.sym.flags() & (GENERATEDCONSTR | RECORD)) == (GENERATEDCONSTR | RECORD));
 
                 // We only track field initialization inside constructors
                 if (!isConstructor) {
@@ -2066,12 +2093,19 @@ public void visitMethodDef(JCMethodDecl tree) {
                      */
                     initParam(def);
                 }
+                if (isConstructor &&
+                        !TreeInfo.hasConstructorCall(tree, names._this)) {
+                    // Strict fields initializers are executed before the first statement
+                    // in the constructor body, unless the constructor is an alternate constructor
+                    forEachInitializer(classDef, EARLY_INSTANCE_INITS, def -> {
+                        scan(def);
+                        clearPendingExits(false);
+                    });
+                }
                 // else we are in an instance initializer block;
                 // leave caught unchanged.
                 scan(tree.body);
 
-                boolean isCompactOrGeneratedRecordConstructor = (tree.sym.flags() & Flags.COMPACT_RECORD_CONSTRUCTOR) != 0 ||
-                        (tree.sym.flags() & (GENERATEDCONSTR | RECORD)) == (GENERATEDCONSTR | RECORD);
                 if (isConstructor) {
                     boolean isSynthesized = (tree.sym.flags() &
                                              GENERATEDCONSTR) != 0;
@@ -2115,6 +2149,7 @@ public void visitMethodDef(JCMethodDecl tree) {
                 firstadr = firstadrPrev;
                 returnadr = returnadrPrev;
                 isConstructor = isConstructorPrev;
+                isCompactOrGeneratedRecordConstructor = isCompactOrGeneratedRecordConstructorPrev;
             }
         }
 
@@ -2583,23 +2618,38 @@ public void visitApply(JCMethodInvocation tree) {
                 // If super(): at this point all initialization blocks will execute
                 Name name = TreeInfo.name(tree.meth);
                 if (name == names._super) {
-                    forEachInitializer(classDef, false, def -> {
-                        scan(def);
-                        clearPendingExits(false);
-                    });
+                    if (!isCompactOrGeneratedRecordConstructor) {
+                        // all strict fields must be initialized at this point
+                        checkStrictFieldsInitializedBeforeSuper(tree);
+                    }
+                    forEachInitializer(classDef, LATE_INSTANCE_INITS,
+                            def -> {
+                                scan(def);
+                                clearPendingExits(false);
+                            });
                 }
 
                 // If this(): at this point all final uninitialized fields will get initialized
                 else if (name == names._this) {
                     for (int address = firstadr; address < nextadr; address++) {
                         VarSymbol sym = vardecls[address].sym;
-                        if (isFinalUninitializedField(sym) && !sym.isStatic())
+                        if (isBlankFinalOrStrictField(sym) && !sym.isStatic())
                             letInit(tree.pos(), sym);
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
 
+        void checkStrictFieldsInitializedBeforeSuper(JCMethodInvocation tree) {
+            for (int i = firstadr; i < nextadr; i++) {
+                JCVariableDecl vardecl = vardecls[i];
+                VarSymbol var = vardecl.sym;
+                if (var.owner == classDef.sym && var.isStrictInstance()) {
+                    checkInit(TreeInfo.diagEndPos(tree), var, Errors.StrictFieldNotHaveBeenInitializedBeforeSuper(var));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
         public void visitNewClass(JCNewClass tree) {
             scanExpr(tree.encl);
             scanExprs(tree.args);
@@ -2667,7 +2717,7 @@ public void visitAssign(JCAssign tree) {
             if (!TreeInfo.isIdentOrThisDotIdent(tree.lhs))
                 scanExpr(tree.lhs);
             scanExpr(tree.rhs);
-            letInit(tree.lhs);
+            letInit(tree.lhs, tree);
         }
 
         // check fields accessed through this.<field> are definitely
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/LambdaToMethod.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/LambdaToMethod.java
index 34e1f595752..106c480cca3 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/LambdaToMethod.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/LambdaToMethod.java
@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.INTERFACE;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.LAMBDA_METHOD;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.LOCAL_CAPTURE_FIELD;
+import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.OUTER_THIS_FIELD;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.PARAMETER;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.PRIVATE;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.STATIC;
@@ -1314,6 +1315,14 @@ public void visitIdent(JCIdent tree) {
                     if ((tree.sym.flags() & LOCAL_CAPTURE_FIELD) != 0) {
                         // a local, captured by Lower - re-capture!
                         addFreeVar((VarSymbol) tree.sym);
+                    } else if (isEarlyInstanceFieldInit() &&
+                            (tree.sym.flags() & OUTER_THIS_FIELD) != 0) {
+                        // If we're in early strict instance initializer we can't assume this$0 is
+                        // accessible. So we should make the lambda method static, and deal with
+                        // this$0 as if it were a regular capture. This works because language rules
+                        // prevent direct access to this/super, so a static lambda method should
+                        // always be ok as a translation target in a ctor prologue.
+                        addFreeVar((VarSymbol) tree.sym);
                     } else {
                         // a reference to an enclosing field or method, we need to capture 'this'
                         capturesThis = true;
@@ -1339,6 +1348,11 @@ public void visitSelect(JCFieldAccess tree) {
             public void visitAnnotation(JCAnnotation tree) {
                 // do nothing (annotation values look like captured instance fields)
             }
+
+            private boolean isEarlyInstanceFieldInit() {
+                return pendingVar != null &&
+                        pendingVar.isStrictInstance();
+            }
         }
 
         /*
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/LocalProxyVarsGen.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/LocalProxyVarsGen.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..451abea8a8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/LocalProxyVarsGen.java
@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package com.sun.tools.javac.comp;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Symbol;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Symbol.VarSymbol;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Symtab;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Type;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Types;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.JCAssign;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.JCExpression;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.JCMethodDecl;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.JCVariableDecl;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.TreeMaker;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.TreeTranslator;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Assert;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Context;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.ListBuffer;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Name;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Names;
+
+import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.FINAL;
+import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.HASINIT;
+import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.STRICT;
+import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.SYNTHETIC;
+import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTag.BOT;
+
+import com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.Target;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.JCStatement;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.TreeInfo;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.List;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Options;
+
+/** This phase adds local variable proxies for fields that are read during the
+ *  early construction phase (prologue)
+ *
+ *  Assignments to the affected instance fields will be rewritten as assignments to a
+ *  local proxy variable. Fields will be assigned to with its corresponding local variable
+ *  proxy just before the super invocation and after its arguments, if any, have been evaluated.
+ *
+ *  <p><b>This is NOT part of any supported API.
+ *  If you write code that depends on this, you do so at your own risk.
+ *  This code and its internal interfaces are subject to change or
+ *  deletion without notice.</b>
+ */
+public class LocalProxyVarsGen {
+
+    protected static final Context.Key<LocalProxyVarsGen> localProxyVarsGenKey = new Context.Key<>();
+
+    public static LocalProxyVarsGen instance(Context context) {
+        LocalProxyVarsGen instance = context.get(localProxyVarsGenKey);
+        if (instance == null)
+            instance = new LocalProxyVarsGen(context);
+        return instance;
+    }
+
+    private final Types types;
+    private final Names names;
+    private final Symtab syms;
+    private final Target target;
+    private TreeMaker make;
+    private final Map<Symbol, Set<Symbol>> fieldsReadInPrologue = new HashMap<>();
+
+    private final boolean noLocalProxyVars;
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("this-escape")
+    protected LocalProxyVarsGen(Context context) {
+        context.put(localProxyVarsGenKey, this);
+        make = TreeMaker.instance(context);
+        types = Types.instance(context);
+        names = Names.instance(context);
+        syms = Symtab.instance(context);
+        target = Target.instance(context);
+        Options options = Options.instance(context);
+        noLocalProxyVars = options.isSet("noLocalProxyVars");
+    }
+
+    public void addFieldReadInPrologue(Symbol owner, Symbol sym) {
+        Assert.checkNonNull(sym, "parameter 'sym' is null");
+        Set<Symbol> fieldSet = fieldsReadInPrologue.getOrDefault(owner, new LinkedHashSet<>());
+        fieldSet.add(sym);
+        fieldsReadInPrologue.put(owner, fieldSet);
+    }
+
+    public void patchConstructor(JCMethodDecl tree, TreeMaker make) {
+        /* if some fields have initializers those probably were added using the enclosing class as their map key
+         * we need to recover those now and add them to this constructor
+         */
+        Set<Symbol> earlyReads = null;
+        if (fieldsReadInPrologue.get(tree.sym.owner) != null) {
+            earlyReads = fieldsReadInPrologue.get(tree.sym.owner);
+        }
+        if (fieldsReadInPrologue.get(tree.sym) != null) {
+            Set<Symbol> constructorEarlyReads = fieldsReadInPrologue.remove(tree.sym);
+            if (constructorEarlyReads != null) {
+                if (earlyReads == null) {
+                    earlyReads = constructorEarlyReads;
+                } else {
+                    earlyReads.addAll(constructorEarlyReads);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (earlyReads != null && !noLocalProxyVars) {
+            addLocalProxiesFor(tree, earlyReads, make);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void allFieldNormalized(Symbol.ClassSymbol csym) {
+        fieldsReadInPrologue.remove(csym);
+    }
+
+    void addLocalProxiesFor(JCMethodDecl constructor, Set<Symbol> fields, TreeMaker make) {
+        ListBuffer<JCStatement> localDeclarations = new ListBuffer<>();
+        Map<Symbol, Symbol> fieldToLocalMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+
+        for (Symbol field : fields) {
+            long flags = SYNTHETIC;
+            VarSymbol proxy = new VarSymbol(flags, newLocalName(field.name.toString()), field.erasure(types), constructor.sym);
+            fieldToLocalMap.put(field, proxy);
+            JCVariableDecl localDecl;
+            JCExpression initializer = null;
+            if ((field.flags() & (HASINIT | FINAL | STRICT)) == 0) {
+                initializer = field.type.isPrimitive() ?
+                                    make.at(constructor.pos).Literal(0) :
+                                    make.at(constructor.pos).Literal(BOT, null).setType(syms.botType);
+            }
+            localDecl = make.at(constructor.pos).VarDef(proxy, initializer);
+            localDeclarations = localDeclarations.append(localDecl);
+        }
+
+        FieldRewriter fieldRewriter = new FieldRewriter(constructor, fieldToLocalMap);
+        ListBuffer<JCStatement> newBody = new ListBuffer<>();
+        for (JCStatement st : constructor.body.stats) {
+            newBody = newBody.append(fieldRewriter.translate(st));
+        }
+        localDeclarations.addAll(newBody);
+        ListBuffer<JCStatement> assigmentsBeforeSuper = new ListBuffer<>();
+        for (Symbol vsym : fieldToLocalMap.keySet()) {
+            Symbol local = fieldToLocalMap.get(vsym);
+            assigmentsBeforeSuper.append(make.at(constructor.pos()).Assignment(vsym, make.at(constructor.pos()).Ident(local)));
+        }
+        constructor.body.stats = localDeclarations.toList();
+        JCTree.JCMethodInvocation constructorCall = TreeInfo.findConstructorCall(constructor);
+        if (constructorCall.args.isEmpty()) {
+            // this is just a super invocation with no arguments we can set the fields just before the invocation
+            // and let Gen do the rest
+            TreeInfo.mapSuperCalls(constructor.body, supercall -> make.Block(0, assigmentsBeforeSuper.toList().append(supercall)));
+        } else {
+            // we need to generate fresh local variables to catch the values of the arguments, then
+            // assign the proxy locals to the fields and finally invoke the super with the fresh local variables
+            int argPosition = 0;
+            ListBuffer<JCStatement> superArgsProxies = new ListBuffer<>();
+            Symbol.MethodSymbol constructorCallSymbol = (Symbol.MethodSymbol) TreeInfo.symbolFor(constructorCall.meth);
+            List<Type> allDeclaredArgs = constructorCallSymbol.externalType(types).getParameterTypes();
+            for (JCExpression arg : constructorCall.args) {
+                Type declaredType = allDeclaredArgs.head;
+                long flags = SYNTHETIC | FINAL;
+                VarSymbol proxyForArgSym = new VarSymbol(flags, newLocalName("" + argPosition), types.erasure(declaredType), constructor.sym);
+                JCVariableDecl proxyForArgDecl = make.at(constructor.pos).VarDef(proxyForArgSym, arg);
+                superArgsProxies = superArgsProxies.append(proxyForArgDecl);
+                argPosition++;
+                allDeclaredArgs = allDeclaredArgs.tail;
+            }
+            List<JCStatement> superArgsProxiesList = superArgsProxies.toList();
+            ListBuffer<JCExpression> newArgs = new ListBuffer<>();
+            for (JCStatement argProxy : superArgsProxies) {
+                newArgs.add(make.at(argProxy.pos).Ident((JCVariableDecl) argProxy));
+            }
+            constructorCall.args = newArgs.toList();
+            TreeInfo.mapSuperCalls(constructor.body,
+                    supercall -> make.Block(0, superArgsProxiesList.appendList(assigmentsBeforeSuper.toList()).append(supercall)));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private Name newLocalName(String name) {
+        return names.fromString("local" + target.syntheticNameChar() + name);
+    }
+
+    class FieldRewriter extends TreeTranslator {
+        JCMethodDecl md;
+        Map<Symbol, Symbol> fieldToLocalMap;
+        boolean ctorPrologue = true;
+
+        public FieldRewriter(JCMethodDecl md, Map<Symbol, Symbol> fieldToLocalMap) {
+            this.md = md;
+            this.fieldToLocalMap = fieldToLocalMap;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void visitIdent(JCTree.JCIdent tree) {
+            if (ctorPrologue && fieldToLocalMap.get(tree.sym) != null) {
+                result = make.at(md).Ident(fieldToLocalMap.get(tree.sym));
+            } else {
+                result = tree;
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void visitSelect(JCTree.JCFieldAccess tree) {
+            super.visitSelect(tree);
+            if (ctorPrologue && fieldToLocalMap.get(tree.sym) != null) {
+                result = make.at(md).Ident(fieldToLocalMap.get(tree.sym));
+            } else {
+                result = tree;
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void visitApply(JCTree.JCMethodInvocation tree) {
+            super.visitApply(tree);
+            if (TreeInfo.isConstructorCall(tree)) {
+                ctorPrologue = false;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Lower.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Lower.java
index 6b38765b81b..f338b1ab726 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Lower.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Lower.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -106,6 +106,7 @@ public static Lower instance(Context context) {
     private final boolean nullCheckOuterThis;
     private final boolean useMatchException;
     private final HashMap<TypePairs, String> typePairToName;
+    private final boolean allowValueClasses;
     private int variableIndex = 0;
 
     @SuppressWarnings("this-escape")
@@ -141,6 +142,7 @@ protected Lower(Context context) {
         useMatchException = Feature.PATTERN_SWITCH.allowedInSource(source) &&
                             (preview.isEnabled() || !preview.isPreview(Feature.PATTERN_SWITCH));
         typePairToName = TypePairs.initialize(syms);
+        this.allowValueClasses = preview.isEnabled() && Feature.VALUE_CLASSES.allowedInSource(source);
     }
 
     /** The currently enclosing class.
@@ -771,7 +773,8 @@ private void checkAccessConstructorTags() {
             if (isTranslatedClassAvailable(c))
                 continue;
             // Create class definition tree.
-            JCClassDecl cdec = makeEmptyClass(STATIC | SYNTHETIC,
+            // IDENTITY_TYPE will be interpreted as ACC_SUPER for older class files so we are fine
+            JCClassDecl cdec = makeEmptyClass(STATIC | SYNTHETIC | IDENTITY_TYPE,
                     c.outermostClass(), c.flatname, false);
             swapAccessConstructorTag(c, cdec.sym);
             translated.append(cdec);
@@ -1243,7 +1246,8 @@ ClassSymbol accessConstructorTag() {
                                             i);
             ClassSymbol ctag = chk.getCompiled(topModle, flatname);
             if (ctag == null)
-                ctag = makeEmptyClass(STATIC | SYNTHETIC, topClass).sym;
+                // IDENTITY_TYPE will be interpreted as ACC_SUPER for older class files so we are fine
+                ctag = makeEmptyClass(STATIC | SYNTHETIC | IDENTITY_TYPE, topClass).sym;
             else if (!ctag.isAnonymous())
                 continue;
             // keep a record of all tags, to verify that all are generated as required
@@ -1399,12 +1403,13 @@ Name proxyName(Name name, int index) {
     }
 
     /** Proxy definitions for all free variables in given list, in reverse order.
-     *  @param pos        The source code position of the definition.
-     *  @param freevars   The free variables.
-     *  @param owner      The class in which the definitions go.
+     *  @param pos               The source code position of the definition.
+     *  @param freevars          The free variables.
+     *  @param owner             The class in which the definitions go.
      */
     List<JCVariableDecl> freevarDefs(int pos, List<VarSymbol> freevars, Symbol owner) {
-        return freevarDefs(pos, freevars, owner, LOCAL_CAPTURE_FIELD);
+        long strict = (allowValueClasses && owner.isValueClass()) ? STRICT : 0;
+        return freevarDefs(pos, freevars, owner, LOCAL_CAPTURE_FIELD | strict);
     }
 
     List<JCVariableDecl> freevarDefs(int pos, List<VarSymbol> freevars, Symbol owner,
@@ -1452,12 +1457,14 @@ Name outerThisName(Type type, Symbol owner) {
 
     private VarSymbol makeOuterThisVarSymbol(Symbol owner, long flags) {
         Type target = owner.innermostAccessibleEnclosingClass().erasure(types);
-        // Set NOOUTERTHIS for all synthetic outer instance variables, and unset
-        // it when the variable is accessed. If the variable is never accessed,
-        // we skip creating an outer instance field and saving the constructor
-        // parameter to it.
-        VarSymbol outerThis =
-            new VarSymbol(flags | NOOUTERTHIS, outerThisName(target, owner), target, owner);
+        if (owner.kind == TYP) {
+            // Set NOOUTERTHIS for all synthetic outer instance variables, and unset
+            // it when the variable is accessed. If the variable is never accessed,
+            // we skip creating an outer instance field and saving the constructor
+            // parameter to it.
+            flags = flags | NOOUTERTHIS | OUTER_THIS_FIELD;
+        }
+        VarSymbol outerThis = new VarSymbol(flags, outerThisName(target, owner), target, owner);
         outerThisStack = outerThisStack.prepend(outerThis);
         return outerThis;
     }
@@ -1492,7 +1499,8 @@ JCVariableDecl outerThisDef(int pos, MethodSymbol owner) {
      *  @param owner      The class in which the definition goes.
      */
     JCVariableDecl outerThisDef(int pos, ClassSymbol owner) {
-        VarSymbol outerThis = makeOuterThisVarSymbol(owner, FINAL | SYNTHETIC);
+        long strict = (allowValueClasses && owner.isValueClass()) ? STRICT : 0;
+        VarSymbol outerThis = makeOuterThisVarSymbol(owner, FINAL | SYNTHETIC | strict);
         return makeOuterThisVarDecl(pos, outerThis);
     }
 
@@ -1832,7 +1840,8 @@ private ClassSymbol outerCacheClass() {
             if (sym.kind == TYP &&
                 sym.name == names.empty &&
                 (sym.flags() & INTERFACE) == 0) return (ClassSymbol) sym;
-        return makeEmptyClass(STATIC | SYNTHETIC, clazz).sym;
+        // IDENTITY_TYPE will be interpreted as ACC_SUPER for older class files so we are fine
+        return makeEmptyClass(STATIC | SYNTHETIC | IDENTITY_TYPE, clazz).sym;
     }
 
     /** Create an attributed tree of the form left.name(). */
@@ -1858,7 +1867,7 @@ private JCExpression classOfType(Type type, DiagnosticPosition pos) {
             ClassSymbol c = types.boxedClass(type);
             Symbol typeSym =
                 rs.accessBase(
-                    rs.findIdentInType(pos, attrEnv, c.type, names.TYPE, KindSelector.VAR),
+                    rs.findIdentInType(pos, attrEnv, c.type, names.TYPE, KindSelector.VAR, null),
                     pos, c.type, names.TYPE, true);
             if (typeSym.kind == VAR)
                 ((VarSymbol)typeSym).getConstValue(); // ensure initializer is evaluated
@@ -1884,7 +1893,8 @@ private JCExpression classOfType(Type type, DiagnosticPosition pos) {
     private ClassSymbol assertionsDisabledClass() {
         if (assertionsDisabledClassCache != null) return assertionsDisabledClassCache;
 
-        assertionsDisabledClassCache = makeEmptyClass(STATIC | SYNTHETIC, outermostClassDef.sym).sym;
+        // IDENTITY_TYPE will be interpreted as ACC_SUPER for older class files so we are fine
+        assertionsDisabledClassCache = makeEmptyClass(STATIC | SYNTHETIC | IDENTITY_TYPE, outermostClassDef.sym).sym;
 
         return assertionsDisabledClassCache;
     }
@@ -2753,19 +2763,25 @@ private void visitMethodDefInternal(JCMethodDecl tree) {
                 if (sym.kind == Kinds.Kind.VAR && ((sym.flags() & RECORD) != 0))
                     fields.append((VarSymbol) sym);
             }
+            ListBuffer<JCStatement> initializers = new ListBuffer<>();
             for (VarSymbol field: fields) {
                 if ((field.flags_field & Flags.UNINITIALIZED_FIELD) != 0) {
                     VarSymbol param = tree.params.stream().filter(p -> p.name == field.name).findFirst().get().sym;
                     make.at(tree.pos);
-                    tree.body.stats = tree.body.stats.append(
-                            make.Exec(
-                                    make.Assign(
-                                            make.Select(make.This(field.owner.erasure(types)), field),
-                                            make.Ident(param)).setType(field.erasure(types))));
-                    // we don't need the flag at the field anymore
+                    initializers.add(make.Exec(
+                            make.Assign(
+                                    make.Select(make.This(field.owner.erasure(types)), field),
+                                    make.Ident(param)).setType(field.erasure(types))));
                     field.flags_field &= ~Flags.UNINITIALIZED_FIELD;
                 }
             }
+            if (initializers.nonEmpty()) {
+                if (allowValueClasses && (tree.sym.owner.isValueClass() || ((ClassSymbol)tree.sym.owner).isRecord())) {
+                    TreeInfo.mapSuperCalls(tree.body, supercall -> make.Block(0, initializers.toList().append(supercall)));
+                } else {
+                    tree.body.stats = tree.body.stats.appendList(initializers);
+                }
+            }
         }
         result = tree;
     }
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/MemberEnter.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/MemberEnter.java
index cb0e6d4676b..aba3761115b 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/MemberEnter.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/MemberEnter.java
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@
 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Scope.WriteableScope;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.*;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.*;
-import com.sun.tools.javac.util.JCDiagnostic.DiagnosticPosition;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.JCDiagnostic.Error;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Source.Feature;
 
@@ -66,6 +65,8 @@ public class MemberEnter extends JCTree.Visitor {
     private final Annotate annotate;
     private final Types types;
     private final Names names;
+    private final Preview preview;
+    private final boolean allowValueClasses;
 
     public static MemberEnter instance(Context context) {
         MemberEnter instance = context.get(memberEnterKey);
@@ -86,6 +87,8 @@ protected MemberEnter(Context context) {
         types = Types.instance(context);
         source = Source.instance(context);
         names = Names.instance(context);
+        preview = Preview.instance(context);
+        allowValueClasses = preview.isEnabled() && Feature.VALUE_CLASSES.allowedInSource(source);
     }
 
     /** Construct method type from method signature.
@@ -293,6 +296,10 @@ public void visitVarDef(JCVariableDecl tree) {
                 needsLazyConstValue(tree.init)) {
                 Env<AttrContext> initEnv = getInitEnv(tree, env);
                 initEnv.info.enclVar = v;
+                initEnv = initEnv(tree, initEnv);
+                if (v.isStrictInstance() && allowValueClasses) {
+                    initEnv.info.earlyContext = EarlyConstructionContext.of((ClassSymbol)v.owner, false);
+                }
                 v.setLazyConstValue(initEnv(tree, initEnv), env, attr, tree);
             }
         }
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Resolve.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Resolve.java
index 27d6e73fa45..a361ce318f2 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Resolve.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Resolve.java
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
 import com.sun.tools.javac.main.Option;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.resources.CompilerProperties.Errors;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.resources.CompilerProperties.Fragments;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.resources.CompilerProperties.LintWarnings;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.resources.CompilerProperties.Warnings;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.*;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.*;
@@ -115,6 +116,7 @@ public class Resolve {
     final EnumSet<VerboseResolutionMode> verboseResolutionMode;
     final boolean dumpMethodReferenceSearchResults;
     final boolean dumpStacktraceOnError;
+    private final LocalProxyVarsGen localProxyVarsGen;
 
     WriteableScope polymorphicSignatureScope;
 
@@ -154,6 +156,7 @@ protected Resolve(Context context) {
         allowRecords = Feature.RECORDS.allowedInSource(source);
         dumpMethodReferenceSearchResults = options.isSet("debug.dumpMethodReferenceSearchResults");
         dumpStacktraceOnError = options.isSet("dev") || options.isSet(DOE);
+        localProxyVarsGen = LocalProxyVarsGen.instance(context);
     }
 
     /** error symbols, which are returned when resolution fails
@@ -1505,7 +1508,7 @@ else throw new FatalError(
      *  @param env     The current environment.
      *  @param name    The name of the variable or field.
      */
-    Symbol findVar(DiagnosticPosition pos, Env<AttrContext> env, Name name) {
+    Symbol findVar(DiagnosticPosition pos, Env<AttrContext> env, Name name, boolean writeOnlyTarget) {
         Symbol bestSoFar = varNotFound;
         Env<AttrContext> env1 = env;
         boolean staticOnly = false;
@@ -1530,8 +1533,10 @@ Symbol findVar(DiagnosticPosition pos, Env<AttrContext> env, Name name) {
                         (sym.flags() & STATIC) == 0) {
                     if (staticOnly)
                         return new StaticError(sym);
-                    if (env1.info.ctorPrologue && !isAllowedEarlyReference(pos, env1, (VarSymbol)sym))
-                        return new RefBeforeCtorCalledError(sym);
+                    if (env1.info.earlyContext != EarlyConstructionContext.NONE) {
+                        sym = checkEarlyFieldRef(pos, env1, null, (VarSymbol)sym,
+                                writeOnlyTarget);
+                    }
                 }
                 return sym;
             } else {
@@ -2039,8 +2044,13 @@ Symbol findFun(Env<AttrContext> env, Name name,
                             (sym.flags() & STATIC) == 0) {
                         if (staticOnly)
                             return new StaticError(sym);
-                        if (env1.info.ctorPrologue && env1 == env)
-                            return new RefBeforeCtorCalledError(sym);
+                        if (env1 == env) {
+                            EarlyConstructionContext context = env1.info.earlyContext;
+                            if (env1.enclClass.sym == context.owner()) {
+                                Assert.check(env.tree.hasTag(APPLY));
+                                return new RefBeforeCtorCalledError(sym, false);
+                            }
+                        }
                     }
                     return sym;
                 } else {
@@ -2480,7 +2490,7 @@ Symbol findIdentInternal(DiagnosticPosition pos, Env<AttrContext> env, Name name
         Symbol sym;
 
         if (kind.contains(KindSelector.VAL)) {
-            sym = findVar(pos, env, name);
+            sym = findVar(pos, env, name, kind.isAssignment());
             if (sym.exists()) return sym;
             else bestSoFar = bestOf(bestSoFar, sym);
         }
@@ -2543,9 +2553,17 @@ Symbol findIdentInPackageInternal(Env<AttrContext> env, TypeSymbol pck,
      */
     Symbol findIdentInType(DiagnosticPosition pos,
                            Env<AttrContext> env, Type site,
-                           Name name, KindSelector kind) {
+                           Name name, KindSelector kind,
+                           JCTree earlyFieldQualifier) {
         try {
-            return checkNonExistentType(checkRestrictedType(pos, findIdentInTypeInternal(env, site, name, kind), name));
+            Symbol sym = findIdentInTypeInternal(env, site, name, kind);
+            if (sym.kind == VAR &&
+                    env.info.earlyContext != EarlyConstructionContext.NONE &&
+                    earlyFieldQualifier != null) {
+                Assert.check(sym.owner.kind == TYP);
+                sym = checkEarlyFieldRef(pos, env, earlyFieldQualifier, (VarSymbol)sym, kind.isAssignment());
+            }
+            return checkNonExistentType(checkRestrictedType(pos, sym, name));
         } catch (ClassFinder.BadClassFile err) {
             return new BadClassFileError(err);
         } catch (CompletionFailure cf) {
@@ -3820,9 +3838,9 @@ Symbol findSelfContaining(DiagnosticPosition pos,
                     if (staticOnly) {
                         // current class is not an inner class, stop search
                         return new StaticError(sym);
-                    } else if (env1.info.ctorPrologue && !isAllowedEarlyReference(pos, env1, (VarSymbol)sym)) {
+                    } else if (env1.enclClass.sym == env1.info.earlyContext.owner()) {
                         // early construction context, stop search
-                        return new RefBeforeCtorCalledError(sym);
+                        return new RefBeforeCtorCalledError(sym, false);
                     } else {
                         // found it
                         return sym;
@@ -3885,12 +3903,14 @@ Symbol resolveSelf(DiagnosticPosition pos,
                 if (sym != null) {
                     if (staticOnly)
                         sym = new StaticError(sym);
-                    else if (env1.info.ctorPrologue &&
-                            !isReceiverParameter(env, tree) &&
-                            !isAllowedEarlyReference(pos, env1, (VarSymbol)sym))
-                        sym = new RefBeforeCtorCalledError(sym);
-                    return accessBase(sym, pos, env.enclClass.sym.type,
-                            name, true);
+                    else {
+                        EarlyConstructionContext context = env1.info.earlyContext;
+                        if (sym.owner == context.owner() &&
+                                !isReceiverParameter(env, tree)) {
+                            sym = new RefBeforeCtorCalledError(sym, false);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    return sym;
                 }
             }
             if ((env1.enclClass.sym.flags() & STATIC) != 0) staticOnly = true;
@@ -3902,11 +3922,14 @@ else if (env1.info.ctorPrologue &&
             //this might be a default super call if one of the superinterfaces is 'c'
             for (Type t : pruneInterfaces(env.enclClass.type)) {
                 if (t.tsym == c) {
-                    if (env.info.ctorPrologue)
-                        log.error(pos, Errors.CantRefBeforeCtorCalled(name));
-                    env.info.defaultSuperCallSite = t;
-                    return new VarSymbol(0, names._super,
+                    Symbol sym = new VarSymbol(0, names._super,
                             types.asSuper(env.enclClass.type, c), env.enclClass.sym);
+                    EarlyConstructionContext context = env.info.earlyContext;
+                    if (context != EarlyConstructionContext.NONE) {
+                        sym = new RefBeforeCtorCalledError(sym, false);
+                    }
+                    env.info.defaultSuperCallSite = t;
+                    return sym;
                 }
             }
             //find a direct supertype that is a subtype of 'c'
@@ -3947,92 +3970,95 @@ private boolean isReceiverParameter(Env<AttrContext> env, JCFieldAccess tree) {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Determine if an early instance field reference may appear in a constructor prologue.
+     * Determine if an early instance field reference may appear in an early construction context of A.
      *
      * <p>
      * This is only allowed when:
-     *  - The field is being assigned a value (i.e., written but not read)
      *  - The field is not inherited from a superclass
-     *  - The assignment is not within a lambda, because that would require
+     *  - The access is not within a lambda or an inner class, because that would require
      *    capturing 'this' which is not allowed prior to super().
-     *
-     * <p>
-     * Note, this method doesn't catch all such scenarios, because this method
-     * is invoked for symbol "x" only for "x = 42" but not for "this.x = 42".
-     * We also don't verify that the field has no initializer, which is required.
-     * To catch those cases, we rely on similar logic in Attr.checkAssignable().
+     *  - The field has no initializer or it is declared in a value class
      */
-    private boolean isAllowedEarlyReference(DiagnosticPosition pos, Env<AttrContext> env, VarSymbol v) {
-
-        // Check assumptions
-        Assert.check(env.info.ctorPrologue);
-        Assert.check((v.flags_field & STATIC) == 0);
-
-        // The symbol must appear in the LHS of an assignment statement
-        if (!(env.tree instanceof JCAssign assign))
-            return false;
+    private Symbol checkEarlyFieldRef(DiagnosticPosition pos, Env<AttrContext> env, JCTree base, VarSymbol field, boolean writeOnlyTarget) {
+        EarlyConstructionContext context = env.info.earlyContext;
+        Assert.check(context != EarlyConstructionContext.NONE);
+        boolean earlyRefOk = base != null ?
+                isQualifiedEarlyRefAllowed(pos, env, context, base, field, writeOnlyTarget) :
+                isSimpleEarlyFieldRefAllowed(pos, env, context, field, writeOnlyTarget);
+        if (earlyRefOk) {
+            return field;
+        } else {
+            boolean isEarlyWrite = writeOnlyTarget &&
+                    field.owner == context.owner();
+            return new RefBeforeCtorCalledError(field, isEarlyWrite);
+        }
+    }
 
-        // The assignment statement must not be within a lambda
-        if (env.info.isLambda)
+    /** Implements early access checks for qualified field references (15.8.3, 15.8.4) */
+    private boolean isQualifiedEarlyRefAllowed(DiagnosticPosition pos,
+                                               Env<AttrContext> env,
+                                               EarlyConstructionContext context,
+                                               JCTree base,
+                                               VarSymbol field,
+                                               boolean writeOnlyTarget) {
+        if (!TreeInfo.isExplicitThisReference(types, (ClassType)context.owner().type, base)) {
+            // Foo.this.x, where Foo is unrelated, ignore
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (field.isStatic()) {
+            // early this can only qualify instance field accesses
             return false;
+        }
+        return isSimpleEarlyFieldRefAllowed(pos, env, context, field, writeOnlyTarget);
+    }
 
-        // Get the symbol's qualifier, if any
-        JCExpression lhs = TreeInfo.skipParens(assign.lhs);
-        JCExpression base;
-        switch (lhs.getTag()) {
-        case IDENT:
-            base = null;
-            break;
-        case SELECT:
-            JCFieldAccess select = (JCFieldAccess)lhs;
-            base = select.selected;
-            if (!TreeInfo.isExplicitThisReference(types, (ClassType)env.enclClass.type, base))
-                return false;
-            break;
-        default:
+    /** Implements early access checks for unqualified field references (6.5.6.1) */
+    private boolean isSimpleEarlyFieldRefAllowed(DiagnosticPosition pos,
+                                                 Env<AttrContext> env,
+                                                 EarlyConstructionContext context,
+                                                 VarSymbol field,
+                                                 boolean writeOnlyTarget) {
+        if (field.name == names._this || field.name == names._super) {
+            // If unrelated this/super, ignore
+            return field.owner != context.owner();
+        }
+        if (field.isStatic() ||
+                !field.isMemberOf(context.owner(), types)) {
+            // If unqualified static field, or unrelated instance field, ignore
+            return true;
+        }
+        // We have now ruled out all cases where the check should not apply. Let's follow 6.5.6.1
+        if (field.owner != context.owner()) {
+            // The instance variable is declared by C, not a superclass of C
             return false;
         }
-
-        // If an early reference, the field must not be declared in a superclass
-        if (isEarlyReference(env, base, v) && v.owner != env.enclClass.sym)
+        if (context.restricted()) {
+            // The expression name does not appear in a constructor of C whose body includes an
+            // alternate constructor invocation, or a nested class or interface declaration
+            // of C, or a lambda expression contained by C
             return false;
-
-        // The flexible constructors feature must be enabled
-        preview.checkSourceLevel(pos, Feature.FLEXIBLE_CONSTRUCTORS);
-
-        // OK
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Determine if the variable appearance constitutes an early reference to the current class.
-     *
-     * <p>
-     * This means the variable is an instance field of the current class and it appears
-     * in an early initialization context of it (i.e., one of its constructor prologues).
-     *
-     * <p>
-     * Such a reference is only allowed for assignments to non-initialized fields that are
-     * not inherited from a superclass, though that is not enforced by this method.
-     *
-     * @param env    The current environment
-     * @param base   Variable qualifier, if any, otherwise null
-     * @param v      The variable
-     */
-    public boolean isEarlyReference(Env<AttrContext> env, JCTree base, VarSymbol v) {
-        if (env.info.ctorPrologue &&
-                (v.flags() & STATIC) == 0 &&
-                v.isMemberOf(env.enclClass.sym, types)) {
-
-            // Allow "Foo.this.x" when "Foo" is (also) an outer class, as this refers to the outer instance
-            if (base != null) {
-                return TreeInfo.isExplicitThisReference(types, (ClassType)env.enclClass.type, base);
+        }
+        if ((field.flags_field & HASINIT) != 0 &&
+                !field.isStrict()) {
+            // Either the declaration of the named variable has no initializer,
+            // or C is a value class (8.1.1.5). To preserve legacy behavior,
+            // bad final field writes are never reported as early access.
+            return writeOnlyTarget && field.isFinal();
+        }
+        // At this point we have seen a legal early ref
+        if (writeOnlyTarget) {
+            // Write early ref, this is allowed with flexible constructor bodies
+            preview.checkSourceLevel(pos, Feature.FLEXIBLE_CONSTRUCTORS);
+        } else {
+            // Read early ref, this is only allowed under JEP 401, and requires special codegen support
+            preview.checkSourceLevel(pos, Feature.VALUE_CLASSES);
+            if (context.ctorPrologue()) {
+                // Track the early read for codegen
+                Symbol owner = env.enclMethod != null ? env.enclMethod.sym : env.enclClass.sym;
+                localProxyVarsGen.addFieldReadInPrologue(owner, field);
             }
-
-            // It's an early reference to an instance field member of the current instance
-            return true;
         }
-        return false;
+        return true;
     }
 
 /* ***************************************************************************
@@ -4368,7 +4394,6 @@ JCDiagnostic getDiagnostic(JCDiagnostic.DiagnosticType dkind,
                               rewriter,
                               kindName(ws),
                               ws.name == names.init ? ws.owner.name : ws.name,
-                              kindName(ws.owner),
                               ws.owner.type,
                               c.snd);
                 default:
@@ -4806,13 +4831,16 @@ JCDiagnostic getDiagnostic(JCDiagnostic.DiagnosticType dkind,
     }
 
     /**
-     * Specialization of {@link InvalidSymbolError} for illegal
+     * Specialization of {@link StaticError} for illegal
      * early accesses within a constructor prologue.
      */
     class RefBeforeCtorCalledError extends StaticError {
 
-        RefBeforeCtorCalledError(Symbol sym) {
+        final boolean isEarlyWrite;
+
+        RefBeforeCtorCalledError(Symbol sym, boolean isEarlyWrite) {
             super(sym, "prologue error");
+            this.isEarlyWrite = isEarlyWrite;
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -4826,6 +4854,11 @@ JCDiagnostic getDiagnostic(JCDiagnostic.DiagnosticType dkind,
             Symbol errSym = ((sym.kind == TYP && sym.type.hasTag(CLASS))
                 ? types.erasure(sym.type).tsym
                 : sym);
+            if (isEarlyWrite && (sym.flags() & HASINIT) != 0) {
+                // Keep diagnostic compatibility with earlier versions
+                return diags.create(dkind, log.currentSource(), pos,
+                        "cant.assign.initialized.before.ctor.called", errSym);
+            }
             return diags.create(dkind, log.currentSource(), pos,
                     "cant.ref.before.ctor.called", errSym);
         }
@@ -5269,10 +5302,6 @@ boolean isApplicable() {
         DeferredAttr.AttrMode attrMode() {
             return attrMode;
         }
-
-        boolean internal() {
-            return internalResolution;
-        }
     }
 
     MethodResolutionContext currentResolutionContext = null;
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/TypeEnter.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/TypeEnter.java
index 251c0e381c0..e6c28d3bf19 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/TypeEnter.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/TypeEnter.java
@@ -1186,6 +1186,10 @@ void finishClass(JCClassDecl tree, JCTree defaultConstructor, Env<AttrContext> e
                 Assert.check(tree.sym.isCompleted());
                 tree.sym.setAnnotationTypeMetadata(new AnnotationTypeMetadata(tree.sym, annotate.annotationTypeSourceCompleter()));
             }
+
+            if ((tree.sym.flags() & (INTERFACE | VALUE_CLASS)) == 0) {
+                tree.sym.flags_field |= IDENTITY_TYPE;
+            }
         }
 
         private void addAccessor(JCVariableDecl tree, Env<AttrContext> env) {
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/file/BaseFileManager.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/file/BaseFileManager.java
index 5964c16c151..a0a2a6168c9 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/file/BaseFileManager.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/file/BaseFileManager.java
@@ -274,6 +274,7 @@ public int isSupportedOption(String option) {
     }
 
     protected String multiReleaseValue;
+    protected boolean previewMode;
 
     /**
      * Common back end for OptionHelper handleFileManagerOption.
@@ -292,6 +293,11 @@ public boolean handleOption(Option option, String value) {
                 locations.setMultiReleaseValue(value);
                 return true;
 
+            case PREVIEWMODE:
+                previewMode = Boolean.parseBoolean(value);
+                locations.setPreviewMode(previewMode);
+                return true;
+
             default:
                 return locations.handleOption(option, value);
         }
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/file/JRTIndex.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/file/JRTIndex.java
index eb6cd76d788..1688a03d19f 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/file/JRTIndex.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/file/JRTIndex.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 
 package com.sun.tools.javac.file;
 
+import java.io.Closeable;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
 import java.lang.ref.SoftReference;
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@
 import java.nio.file.ProviderNotFoundException;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
 import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
 import java.util.Map;
@@ -48,37 +50,55 @@
 import javax.tools.FileObject;
 
 import com.sun.tools.javac.file.RelativePath.RelativeDirectory;
-import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Context;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Assert;
 
 /**
  * A package-oriented index into the jrt: filesystem.
+ *
+ * <p>Instances of this class may share underlying file-system resources. This
+ * is to avoid the need for singleton instances with unbounded lifetimes which
+ * could never release and close the underlying JRT file-system, effectively
+ * creating a resource leak.
  */
-public class JRTIndex {
-    /** Get a shared instance of the cache. */
-    private static JRTIndex sharedInstance;
-    public static synchronized JRTIndex getSharedInstance() {
-        if (sharedInstance == null) {
-            try {
-                sharedInstance = new JRTIndex();
-            } catch (IOException e) {
-                throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
-            }
+// Final to ensure equals/hashCode are not overridden (instance sharing relies
+// on default identity semantics).
+public final class JRTIndex implements Closeable {
+    /**
+     * Potentially shared access to underlying resources. Resources exist for
+     * both preview and non-preview mode, and this field holds the version
+     * corresponding to the preview mode flag with which it was created.
+     */
+    private final FileSystemResources sharedResources;
+
+    /**
+     * Create and initialize an index based on the preview mode flag.
+     */
+    private JRTIndex(boolean previewMode) throws IOException {
+        this.sharedResources = FileSystemResources.claim(previewMode, this);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void close() throws IOException {
+        // Release is atomic and succeeds at most once per index.
+        if (!sharedResources.release(this)) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("JRTIndex is closed");
         }
-        return sharedInstance;
     }
 
-    /** Get a context-specific instance of a cache. */
-    public static JRTIndex instance(Context context) {
+    /**
+     * {@return a JRT index suitable for the given preview mode}
+     *
+     * <p>The returned instance must be closed by the caller.
+     */
+    public static JRTIndex instance(boolean previewMode) {
         try {
-            JRTIndex instance = context.get(JRTIndex.class);
-            if (instance == null)
-                context.put(JRTIndex.class, instance = new JRTIndex());
-            return instance;
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
+            return new JRTIndex(previewMode);
+        } catch (IOException ex) {
+            throw new UncheckedIOException(ex);
         }
     }
 
+    /** {@return whether the JRT file-system is available to create an index} */
     public static boolean isAvailable() {
         try {
             FileSystems.getFileSystem(URI.create("jrt:/"));
@@ -88,21 +108,181 @@ public static boolean isAvailable() {
         }
     }
 
-
     /**
-     * The jrt: file system.
+     * Underlying file system resources potentially shared between many indexes.
+     *
+     * <p>This class is thread-safe so JRT indexes can be created from arbitrary
+     * threads.
      */
-    private final FileSystem jrtfs;
+    private static class FileSystemResources {
+        // Holds the active non-preview (index 0) and preview (index 1) indexes.
+        // Active instances can be reset multiple times.
+        private static final FileSystemResources[] instances = new FileSystemResources[2];
 
-    /**
-     * A lazily evaluated set of entries about the contents of the jrt: file system.
-     */
-    private final Map<RelativeDirectory, SoftReference<Entry>> entries;
+        /** The jrt: file system. */
+        private final FileSystem jrtfs;
+
+        /** A lazily evaluated set of entries about the contents of the jrt: file system. */
+        // Synchronized by this instance.
+        private final Map<RelativeDirectory, SoftReference<Entry>> entries = new HashMap<>();
+
+        // The set of indexes which have claimed this resource. This assumes
+        // that index instances have default identity semantics.
+        // Synchronized by FileSystemResources.class, NOT instance.
+        private final Set<JRTIndex> owners = new HashSet<>();
+        private final boolean previewMode;
+
+        // Created on demand in getCtInfo(), synchronized by this instance.
+        private ResourceBundle ctBundle = null;
+
+        // Monotonic, synchronized by this instance.
+        private boolean isClosed = false;
+
+        private FileSystemResources(boolean previewMode) throws IOException {
+            this.jrtfs = FileSystems.newFileSystem(URI.create("jrt:/"), Map.of("previewMode", Boolean.toString(previewMode)));
+            this.previewMode = previewMode;
+        }
+
+        /** Claims shared ownership of resources for in index. */
+        static FileSystemResources claim(boolean previewMode, JRTIndex owner) throws IOException {
+            int idx = previewMode ? 1 : 0;
+            synchronized (FileSystemResources.class) {
+                var active = instances[idx];
+                if (active == null) {
+                    active = new FileSystemResources(previewMode);
+                    instances[idx] = active;
+                }
+                // Since claim is only called once per instance (during init)
+                // seeing an index that's already claimed should be impossible.
+                Assert.check(active.owners.add(owner));
+                return active;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Releases ownership of this resource for an index with an existing claim.
+         *
+         * @return whether the given index is being released for the first time
+         */
+        boolean release(JRTIndex owner) throws IOException {
+            int idx = previewMode ? 1 : 0;
+            boolean shouldClose;
+            synchronized (FileSystemResources.class) {
+                Assert.check(instances[idx] == this);
+                // Not finding a claim means the index was already released/closed.
+                if (!owners.remove(owner)) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                shouldClose = owners.isEmpty();
+                if (shouldClose) {
+                    instances[idx] = null;
+                }
+            }
+            if (shouldClose) {
+                // This should be the only call to close() on the resource instance.
+                close();
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        /** Close underlying shared resources once no users exist (called exactly once). */
+        private synchronized void close() throws IOException {
+            Assert.check(!isClosed);
+            jrtfs.close();
+            entries.clear();
+            ctBundle = null;
+            isClosed = true;
+        }
+
+        synchronized Entry getEntry(RelativeDirectory rd) throws IOException {
+            if (isClosed) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("JRTIndex is closed");
+            }
+            SoftReference<Entry> ref = entries.get(rd);
+            Entry e = (ref == null) ? null : ref.get();
+            if (e == null) {
+                Map<String, Path> files = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+                Set<RelativeDirectory> subdirs = new LinkedHashSet<>();
+                Path dir;
+                if (rd.path.isEmpty()) {
+                    dir = jrtfs.getPath("/modules");
+                } else {
+                    Path pkgs = jrtfs.getPath("/packages");
+                    dir = pkgs.resolve(rd.getPath().replaceAll("/$", "").replace("/", "."));
+                }
+                if (Files.exists(dir)) {
+                    try (DirectoryStream<Path> modules = Files.newDirectoryStream(dir)) {
+                        for (Path module: modules) {
+                            if (Files.isSymbolicLink(module))
+                                module = Files.readSymbolicLink(module);
+                            Path p = rd.resolveAgainst(module);
+                            if (!Files.exists(p))
+                                continue;
+                            try (DirectoryStream<Path> stream = Files.newDirectoryStream(p)) {
+                                for (Path entry: stream) {
+                                    String name = entry.getFileName().toString();
+                                    if (Files.isRegularFile(entry)) {
+                                        // TODO: consider issue of files with same name in different modules
+                                        files.put(name, entry);
+                                    } else if (Files.isDirectory(entry)) {
+                                        subdirs.add(new RelativeDirectory(rd, name));
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                e = new Entry(Collections.unmodifiableMap(files),
+                        Collections.unmodifiableSet(subdirs),
+                        getCtInfo(rd));
+                entries.put(rd, new SoftReference<>(e));
+            }
+            return e;
+        }
+
+        private CtSym getCtInfo(RelativeDirectory dir) {
+            if (dir.path.isEmpty())
+                return CtSym.EMPTY;
+            // It's a side-effect of the default build rules that ct.properties
+            // ends up as a resource bundle.
+            if (ctBundle == null) {
+                final String bundleName = "com.sun.tools.javac.resources.ct";
+                ctBundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle(bundleName);
+            }
+            try {
+                String attrs = ctBundle.getString(dir.path.replace('/', '.') + '*');
+                boolean hidden = false;
+                boolean proprietary = false;
+                String minProfile = null;
+                for (String attr: attrs.split(" +", 0)) {
+                    switch (attr) {
+                        case "hidden":
+                            hidden = true;
+                            break;
+                        case "proprietary":
+                            proprietary = true;
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            minProfile = attr;
+                    }
+                }
+                return new CtSym(hidden, proprietary, minProfile);
+            } catch (MissingResourceException e) {
+                return CtSym.EMPTY;
+            }
+
+        }
+
+        boolean isJrtPath(Path p) {
+            // This still succeeds after the jrtfs is closed.
+            return (p.getFileSystem() == jrtfs);
+        }
+    }
 
     /**
      * An entry provides cached info about a specific package directory within jrt:.
      */
-    class Entry {
+    static class Entry {
         /**
          * The regular files for this package.
          * For now, assume just one instance of each file across all modules.
@@ -174,101 +354,54 @@ public String toString() {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Create and initialize the index.
+     * Returns a non-owned reference to the file system underlying this index.
+     *
+     * <p>When this index is closed its file system, and any {@link Path paths}
+     * derived from it, will become unusable.
      */
-    private JRTIndex() throws IOException {
-        jrtfs = FileSystems.getFileSystem(URI.create("jrt:/"));
-        entries = new HashMap<>();
+    public FileSystem getFileSystem() {
+        return sharedResources.jrtfs;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Returns symbol information (possibly cached) for a given package.
+     *
+     * <p>This remains usable after the index is closed.
+     */
     public CtSym getCtSym(CharSequence packageName) throws IOException {
         return getEntry(RelativeDirectory.forPackage(packageName)).ctSym;
     }
 
-    synchronized Entry getEntry(RelativeDirectory rd) throws IOException {
-        SoftReference<Entry> ref = entries.get(rd);
-        Entry e = (ref == null) ? null : ref.get();
-        if (e == null) {
-            Map<String, Path> files = new LinkedHashMap<>();
-            Set<RelativeDirectory> subdirs = new LinkedHashSet<>();
-            Path dir;
-            if (rd.path.isEmpty()) {
-                dir = jrtfs.getPath("/modules");
-            } else {
-                Path pkgs = jrtfs.getPath("/packages");
-                dir = pkgs.resolve(rd.getPath().replaceAll("/$", "").replace("/", "."));
-            }
-            if (Files.exists(dir)) {
-                try (DirectoryStream<Path> modules = Files.newDirectoryStream(dir)) {
-                    for (Path module: modules) {
-                        if (Files.isSymbolicLink(module))
-                            module = Files.readSymbolicLink(module);
-                        Path p = rd.resolveAgainst(module);
-                        if (!Files.exists(p))
-                            continue;
-                        try (DirectoryStream<Path> stream = Files.newDirectoryStream(p)) {
-                            for (Path entry: stream) {
-                                String name = entry.getFileName().toString();
-                                if (Files.isRegularFile(entry)) {
-                                    // TODO: consider issue of files with same name in different modules
-                                    files.put(name, entry);
-                                } else if (Files.isDirectory(entry)) {
-                                    subdirs.add(new RelativeDirectory(rd, name));
-                                }
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            e = new Entry(Collections.unmodifiableMap(files),
-                    Collections.unmodifiableSet(subdirs),
-                    getCtInfo(rd));
-            entries.put(rd, new SoftReference<>(e));
-        }
-        return e;
+    /**
+     * Returns package information (possibly cached) for the given directory.
+     *
+     * <p>When this index is closed its file system, and any {@link Path paths}
+     * derived from it, will become unusable. This includes paths inside this
+     * entry.
+     */
+    Entry getEntry(RelativeDirectory rd) throws IOException {
+        return sharedResources.getEntry(rd);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * {@returns whether the given {@link FileObject file} belongs to this index}
+     *
+     * <p>A file "belongs" to an index if it was found in that index by {@code
+     * ClassFinder}. Since indexes can differ with respect to preview mode, it
+     * is important that the {@code ClassFinder} and {@link JavacFileManager}
+     * agree on the preview mode setting being used during compilation.
+     *
+     * <p>This test will continue to succeed after the index is closed, but the
+     * file object will no longer be usable.
+     */
     public boolean isInJRT(FileObject fo) {
+        // It is not sufficient to test if the file's path is *any* JRT path,
+        // it must exist in the file-system instance of this index (which should
+        // be the same index used by ClassFinder to obtain file objects).
         if (fo instanceof PathFileObject pathFileObject) {
-            Path path = pathFileObject.getPath();
-            return (path.getFileSystem() == jrtfs);
+            return sharedResources.isJrtPath(pathFileObject.getPath());
         } else {
             return false;
         }
     }
-
-    private CtSym getCtInfo(RelativeDirectory dir) {
-        if (dir.path.isEmpty())
-            return CtSym.EMPTY;
-        // It's a side-effect of the default build rules that ct.properties
-        // ends up as a resource bundle.
-        if (ctBundle == null) {
-            final String bundleName = "com.sun.tools.javac.resources.ct";
-            ctBundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle(bundleName);
-        }
-        try {
-            String attrs = ctBundle.getString(dir.path.replace('/', '.') + '*');
-            boolean hidden = false;
-            boolean proprietary = false;
-            String minProfile = null;
-            for (String attr: attrs.split(" +", 0)) {
-                switch (attr) {
-                    case "hidden":
-                        hidden = true;
-                        break;
-                    case "proprietary":
-                        proprietary = true;
-                        break;
-                    default:
-                        minProfile = attr;
-                }
-            }
-            return new CtSym(hidden, proprietary, minProfile);
-        } catch (MissingResourceException e) {
-            return CtSym.EMPTY;
-        }
-
-    }
-
-    private ResourceBundle ctBundle;
 }
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/file/JavacFileManager.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/file/JavacFileManager.java
index 885d377e137..9a025cb8273 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/file/JavacFileManager.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/file/JavacFileManager.java
@@ -388,6 +388,15 @@ public Iterable<RelativeDirectory> indexedDirectories() {
     };
 
     private final class JRTImageContainer implements Container {
+        // Monotonic, created on demand.
+        private JRTIndex jrtIndex = null;
+
+        private synchronized JRTIndex getJRTIndex() {
+            if (jrtIndex == null) {
+                jrtIndex = JRTIndex.instance(previewMode);
+            }
+            return jrtIndex;
+        }
 
         /**
          * Insert all files in a subdirectory of the platform image
@@ -437,6 +446,9 @@ public JavaFileObject getFileObject(Path userPath, RelativeFile name) throws IOE
 
         @Override
         public void close() throws IOException {
+            if (jrtIndex != null) {
+                jrtIndex.close();
+            }
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -450,14 +462,6 @@ public Iterable<RelativeDirectory> indexedDirectories() {
         }
     }
 
-    private synchronized JRTIndex getJRTIndex() {
-        if (jrtIndex == null)
-            jrtIndex = JRTIndex.getSharedInstance();
-        return jrtIndex;
-    }
-
-    private JRTIndex jrtIndex;
-
     private final class DirectoryContainer implements Container {
         private final Path directory;
 
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/file/Locations.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/file/Locations.java
index 7d10b8a45c0..005d5512a69 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/file/Locations.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/file/Locations.java
@@ -130,8 +130,10 @@ public class Locations {
     static final Path thisSystemModules = javaHome.resolve("lib").resolve("modules");
 
     Map<Path, FileSystem> fileSystems = new LinkedHashMap<>();
-    List<Closeable> closeables = new ArrayList<>();
+    // List of resources to be closed (self-sychronized).
+    private final List<Closeable> closeables = new ArrayList<>();
     private String releaseVersion = null;
+    private boolean previewMode = false;
 
     Locations() {
         initHandlers();
@@ -145,15 +147,26 @@ Path getPath(String first, String... more) {
         }
     }
 
+    private void addCloseable(Closeable c) {
+        synchronized (closeables) {
+            closeables.add(c);
+        }
+    }
+
     public void close() throws IOException {
         ListBuffer<IOException> list = new ListBuffer<>();
-        closeables.forEach(closeable -> {
+        Closeable[] arr;
+        synchronized (closeables) {
+            arr = closeables.toArray(Closeable[]::new);
+            closeables.clear();
+        }
+        for (Closeable closeable : arr) {
             try {
                 closeable.close();
             } catch (IOException ex) {
                 list.add(ex);
             }
-        });
+        }
         if (list.nonEmpty()) {
             IOException ex = new IOException();
             for (IOException e: list)
@@ -226,6 +239,11 @@ public void setMultiReleaseValue(String multiReleaseValue) {
         this.releaseVersion = multiReleaseValue;
     }
 
+    public void setPreviewMode(boolean previewMode) {
+        // Null is implicitly allowed and unsets the value.
+        this.previewMode = previewMode;
+    }
+
     private boolean contains(Collection<Path> searchPath, Path file) throws IOException {
 
         if (searchPath == null) {
@@ -1459,7 +1477,7 @@ private Pair<String,Path> inferModuleName(Path p) {
                                 String moduleName = readModuleName(moduleInfoClass);
                                 Path modulePath = fs.getPath("classes");
                                 fileSystems.put(p, fs);
-                                closeables.add(fs);
+                                addCloseable(fs);
                                 fs = null; // prevent fs being closed in the finally clause
                                 return new Pair<>(moduleName, modulePath);
                             } finally {
@@ -1950,12 +1968,15 @@ private void initSystemModules() throws IOException {
                     FileSystem jrtfs;
 
                     if (isCurrentPlatform(systemJavaHome)) {
-                        jrtfs = FileSystems.getFileSystem(jrtURI);
+                        JRTIndex jrtIndex = JRTIndex.instance(previewMode);
+                        addCloseable(jrtIndex);
+                        jrtfs = jrtIndex.getFileSystem();
                     } else {
                         ClassLoader currentLoader = Locations.class.getClassLoader();
                         try {
                             Map<String, String> attrMap =
-                                    Collections.singletonMap("java.home", systemJavaHome.toString());
+                                    Map.of("java.home", systemJavaHome.toString(),
+                                            "previewMode", String.valueOf(previewMode));
                             jrtfs = FileSystems.newFileSystem(jrtURI, attrMap);
                             // Ensure the file system’s class loader is closed so that
                             // the ${systemJavaHome}/lib/jrt-fs.jar is not left open.
@@ -1970,10 +1991,10 @@ private void initSystemModules() throws IOException {
 
                             jrtfs = FileSystems.newFileSystem(jrtURI, Collections.emptyMap(), fsLoader);
 
-                            closeables.add(fsLoader);
+                            addCloseable(fsLoader);
                         }
 
-                        closeables.add(jrtfs);
+                        addCloseable(jrtfs);
                     }
 
                     modules = jrtfs.getPath("/modules");
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/ClassReader.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/ClassReader.java
index 08ba0442781..b48bfd0394c 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/ClassReader.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/ClassReader.java
@@ -61,10 +61,12 @@
 import com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.ClassFile.Version;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.PoolConstant.NameAndType;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.main.Option;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.resources.CompilerProperties;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.resources.CompilerProperties.Errors;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.resources.CompilerProperties.Fragments;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.resources.CompilerProperties.LintWarnings;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.resources.CompilerProperties.Warnings;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.*;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.ByteBuffer.UnderflowException;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.DefinedBy.Api;
@@ -76,6 +78,7 @@
 
 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Scope.LookupKind;
 
+import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Scope.LookupKind.NON_RECURSIVE;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTag.ARRAY;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTag.CLASS;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTag.TYPEVAR;
@@ -111,6 +114,10 @@ public class ClassReader {
      */
     boolean allowModules;
 
+    /** Switch: allow value classes.
+     */
+    boolean allowValueClasses;
+
     /** Switch: allow sealed
      */
     boolean allowSealedTypes;
@@ -290,6 +297,7 @@ protected ClassReader(Context context) {
         Source source = Source.instance(context);
         preview = Preview.instance(context);
         allowModules     = Feature.MODULES.allowedInSource(source);
+        allowValueClasses = preview.isEnabled() && Feature.VALUE_CLASSES.allowedInSource(source);
         allowRecords = Feature.RECORDS.allowedInSource(source);
         allowSealedTypes = Feature.SEALED_CLASSES.allowedInSource(source);
         warnOnIllegalUtf8 = Feature.WARN_ON_ILLEGAL_UTF8.allowedInSource(source);
@@ -1559,12 +1567,12 @@ else if (proxy.type.tsym.flatName() == syms.profileType.tsym.flatName()) {
                 } else if (proxy.type.tsym == syms.deprecatedType.tsym) {
                     sym.flags_field |= (DEPRECATED | DEPRECATED_ANNOTATION);
                     setFlagIfAttributeTrue(proxy, sym, names.forRemoval, DEPRECATED_REMOVAL);
-                }  else if (proxy.type.tsym == syms.previewFeatureType.tsym) {
+                } else if (proxy.type.tsym == syms.previewFeatureType.tsym) {
                     sym.flags_field |= PREVIEW_API;
                     setFlagIfAttributeTrue(proxy, sym, names.reflective, PREVIEW_REFLECTIVE);
-                }  else if (proxy.type.tsym == syms.valueBasedType.tsym && sym.kind == TYP) {
+                } else if (proxy.type.tsym == syms.valueBasedType.tsym && sym.kind == TYP) {
                     sym.flags_field |= VALUE_BASED;
-                }  else if (proxy.type.tsym == syms.restrictedType.tsym) {
+                } else if (proxy.type.tsym == syms.restrictedType.tsym) {
                     Assert.check(sym.kind == MTH);
                     sym.flags_field |= RESTRICTED;
                 }  else if (proxy.type.tsym == syms.requiresIdentityType.tsym) {
@@ -3075,7 +3083,7 @@ void readClass(ClassSymbol c) {
 
         // read flags, or skip if this is an inner class
         long f = nextChar();
-        long flags = adjustClassFlags(f);
+        long flags = adjustClassFlags(c, f);
         if ((flags & MODULE) == 0) {
             if (c.owner.kind == PCK || c.owner.kind == ERR) c.flags_field = flags;
             // read own class name and check that it matches
@@ -3167,7 +3175,7 @@ void readInnerClasses(ClassSymbol c) {
             ClassSymbol outer = optPoolEntry(outerIdx, poolReader::getClass, null);
             Name name = optPoolEntry(nameIdx, poolReader::getName, names.empty);
             if (name == null) name = names.empty;
-            long flags = adjustClassFlags(nextChar());
+            long flags = adjustClassFlags(c, nextChar());
             if (outer != null) { // we have a member class
                 if (name == names.empty)
                     name = names.one;
@@ -3313,6 +3321,11 @@ public void readClassFile(ClassSymbol c) {
  ***********************************************************************/
 
     long adjustFieldFlags(long flags) {
+        boolean previewClassFile = minorVersion == ClassFile.PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION;
+        if (allowValueClasses && previewClassFile && (flags & ACC_STRICT) != 0) {
+            flags &= ~ACC_STRICT;
+            flags |= STRICT;
+        }
         return flags;
     }
 
@@ -3328,12 +3341,30 @@ long adjustMethodFlags(long flags) {
         return flags;
     }
 
-    long adjustClassFlags(long flags) {
+    long adjustClassFlags(ClassSymbol c, long flags) {
         if ((flags & ACC_MODULE) != 0) {
             flags &= ~ACC_MODULE;
             flags |= MODULE;
         }
-        return flags & ~ACC_SUPER; // SUPER and SYNCHRONIZED bits overloaded
+        if (((flags & ACC_IDENTITY) != 0)
+                || (majorVersion <= Version.MAX().major && minorVersion != PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION && (flags & INTERFACE) == 0)) {
+            flags |= IDENTITY_TYPE;
+        } else if (needsValueFlag(c, flags)) {
+            flags |= VALUE_CLASS;
+            flags &= ~IDENTITY_TYPE;
+        }
+        flags &= ~ACC_IDENTITY; // ACC_IDENTITY and SYNCHRONIZED bits overloaded
+        return flags;
+    }
+
+    private boolean needsValueFlag(Symbol c, long flags) {
+        boolean previewClassFile = minorVersion == ClassFile.PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION;
+        if (allowValueClasses) {
+            if (previewClassFile && majorVersion >= Version.MAX().major && (flags & INTERFACE) == 0) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/ClassWriter.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/ClassWriter.java
index a24184e990b..1fa6e7736f8 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/ClassWriter.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/ClassWriter.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -146,6 +146,7 @@ public class ClassWriter extends ClassFile {
 
     /** The tags and constants used in compressed stackmap. */
     static final int SAME_FRAME_SIZE = 64;
+    static final int EARLY_LARVAL = 246;
     static final int SAME_LOCALS_1_STACK_ITEM_EXTENDED = 247;
     static final int SAME_FRAME_EXTENDED = 251;
     static final int FULL_FRAME = 255;
@@ -222,7 +223,7 @@ public static String flagNames(long flags) {
         int i = 0;
         long f = flags & StandardFlags;
         while (f != 0) {
-            if ((f & 1) != 0) {
+            if ((f & 1) != 0 && flagName[i] != "") {
                 sbuf.append(" ");
                 sbuf.append(flagName[i]);
             }
@@ -234,7 +235,8 @@ public static String flagNames(long flags) {
     //where
         private static final String[] flagName = {
             "PUBLIC", "PRIVATE", "PROTECTED", "STATIC", "FINAL",
-            "SUPER", "VOLATILE", "TRANSIENT", "NATIVE", "INTERFACE",
+            // the empty position should be for synchronized but right now we don't have any test checking it
+            "", "VOLATILE", "TRANSIENT", "NATIVE", "INTERFACE",
             "ABSTRACT", "STRICTFP"};
 
 /* ****************************************************************
@@ -837,14 +839,18 @@ int writeModuleAttribute(ClassSymbol c) {
 
     /** Write "inner classes" attribute.
      */
-    void writeInnerClasses() {
+    void writeInnerClasses(boolean markedPreview) {
         int alenIdx = writeAttr(names.InnerClasses);
         databuf.appendChar(poolWriter.innerClasses.size());
         for (ClassSymbol inner : poolWriter.innerClasses) {
             inner.markAbstractIfNeeded(types);
-            int flags = adjustFlags(inner.flags_field);
+            int flags = adjustFlags(inner, inner.flags_field);
             if ((flags & INTERFACE) != 0) flags |= ABSTRACT; // Interfaces are always ABSTRACT
-            flags &= ~STRICTFP; //inner classes should not have the strictfp flag set.
+            if ((flags & ACC_IDENTITY) != 0) {
+                if (!markedPreview) {
+                    flags &= ~ACC_IDENTITY; // No SUPER for InnerClasses
+                }
+            }
             if (dumpInnerClassModifiers) {
                 PrintWriter pw = log.getWriter(Log.WriterKind.ERROR);
                 pw.println("INNERCLASS  " + inner.name);
@@ -860,6 +866,17 @@ void writeInnerClasses() {
         endAttr(alenIdx);
     }
 
+     /** Write out "LoadableDescriptors" attribute by enumerating the value classes encountered in field/method descriptors during this compilation.
+      */
+     void writeLoadableDescriptorsAttribute() {
+        int alenIdx = writeAttr(names.LoadableDescriptors);
+        databuf.appendChar(poolWriter.loadableDescriptors.size());
+        for (Symbol c : poolWriter.loadableDescriptors) {
+            databuf.appendChar(poolWriter.putDescriptor(c));
+        }
+        endAttr(alenIdx);
+     }
+
     int writeRecordAttribute(ClassSymbol csym) {
         int alenIdx = writeAttr(names.Record);
         Scope s = csym.members();
@@ -973,7 +990,7 @@ void writeBootstrapMethods() {
     /** Write field symbol, entering all references into constant pool.
      */
     void writeField(VarSymbol v) {
-        int flags = adjustFlags(v.flags());
+        int flags = adjustFlags(v, v.flags());
         databuf.appendChar(flags);
         if (dumpFieldModifiers) {
             PrintWriter pw = log.getWriter(Log.WriterKind.ERROR);
@@ -982,6 +999,13 @@ void writeField(VarSymbol v) {
         }
         databuf.appendChar(poolWriter.putName(v.name));
         databuf.appendChar(poolWriter.putDescriptor(v));
+        Type fldType = v.erasure(types);
+        if (fldType.requiresLoadableDescriptors(v.owner)) {
+            poolWriter.enterLoadableDescriptorsClass(fldType.tsym);
+            if (preview.isPreview(Source.Feature.VALUE_CLASSES)) {
+                preview.markUsesPreview(null);
+            }
+        }
         int acountIdx = beginAttrs();
         int acount = 0;
         if (v.getConstValue() != null) {
@@ -998,7 +1022,7 @@ void writeField(VarSymbol v) {
     /** Write method symbol, entering all references into constant pool.
      */
     void writeMethod(MethodSymbol m) {
-        int flags = adjustFlags(m.flags());
+        int flags = adjustFlags(m, m.flags());
         databuf.appendChar(flags);
         if (dumpMethodModifiers) {
             PrintWriter pw = log.getWriter(Log.WriterKind.ERROR);
@@ -1007,6 +1031,22 @@ void writeMethod(MethodSymbol m) {
         }
         databuf.appendChar(poolWriter.putName(m.name));
         databuf.appendChar(poolWriter.putDescriptor(m));
+        MethodType mtype = (MethodType) m.externalType(types);
+        for (Type t : mtype.getParameterTypes()) {
+            if (t.requiresLoadableDescriptors(m.owner)) {
+                poolWriter.enterLoadableDescriptorsClass(t.tsym);
+                if (preview.isPreview(Source.Feature.VALUE_CLASSES)) {
+                    preview.markUsesPreview(null);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Type returnType = mtype.getReturnType();
+        if (returnType.requiresLoadableDescriptors(m.owner)) {
+            poolWriter.enterLoadableDescriptorsClass(returnType.tsym);
+            if (preview.isPreview(Source.Feature.VALUE_CLASSES)) {
+                preview.markUsesPreview(null);
+            }
+        }
         int acountIdx = beginAttrs();
         int acount = 0;
         if (m.code != null) {
@@ -1297,16 +1337,22 @@ else switch(t.getTag()) {
     /** An entry in the JSR202 StackMapTable */
     abstract static class StackMapTableFrame {
         abstract int getFrameType();
+        int pc;
+
+        StackMapTableFrame(int pc) {
+            this.pc = pc;
+        }
 
         void write(ClassWriter writer) {
             int frameType = getFrameType();
             writer.databuf.appendByte(frameType);
-            if (writer.debugstackmap) System.out.print(" frame_type=" + frameType);
+            if (writer.debugstackmap) System.out.println(" frame_type=" + frameType + " bytecode offset " + pc);
         }
 
         static class SameFrame extends StackMapTableFrame {
             final int offsetDelta;
-            SameFrame(int offsetDelta) {
+            SameFrame(int pc, int offsetDelta) {
+                super(pc);
                 this.offsetDelta = offsetDelta;
             }
             int getFrameType() {
@@ -1327,7 +1373,8 @@ void write(ClassWriter writer) {
         static class SameLocals1StackItemFrame extends StackMapTableFrame {
             final int offsetDelta;
             final Type stack;
-            SameLocals1StackItemFrame(int offsetDelta, Type stack) {
+            SameLocals1StackItemFrame(int pc, int offsetDelta, Type stack) {
+                super(pc);
                 this.offsetDelta = offsetDelta;
                 this.stack = stack;
             }
@@ -1355,7 +1402,8 @@ void write(ClassWriter writer) {
         static class ChopFrame extends StackMapTableFrame {
             final int frameType;
             final int offsetDelta;
-            ChopFrame(int frameType, int offsetDelta) {
+            ChopFrame(int pc, int frameType, int offsetDelta) {
+                super(pc);
                 this.frameType = frameType;
                 this.offsetDelta = offsetDelta;
             }
@@ -1374,7 +1422,8 @@ static class AppendFrame extends StackMapTableFrame {
             final int frameType;
             final int offsetDelta;
             final Type[] locals;
-            AppendFrame(int frameType, int offsetDelta, Type[] locals) {
+            AppendFrame(int pc, int frameType, int offsetDelta, Type[] locals) {
+                super(pc);
                 this.frameType = frameType;
                 this.offsetDelta = offsetDelta;
                 this.locals = locals;
@@ -1398,7 +1447,8 @@ static class FullFrame extends StackMapTableFrame {
             final int offsetDelta;
             final Type[] locals;
             final Type[] stack;
-            FullFrame(int offsetDelta, Type[] locals, Type[] stack) {
+            FullFrame(int pc, int offsetDelta, Type[] locals, Type[] stack) {
+                super(pc);
                 this.offsetDelta = offsetDelta;
                 this.locals = locals;
                 this.stack = stack;
@@ -1427,41 +1477,72 @@ void write(ClassWriter writer) {
             }
         }
 
+        static class EarlyLarvalFrame extends StackMapTableFrame {
+            final StackMapTableFrame base;
+            List<VarSymbol> unsetFields;
+
+            EarlyLarvalFrame(StackMapTableFrame base, List<VarSymbol> unsetFields) {
+                super(base.pc);
+                Assert.check(!(base instanceof EarlyLarvalFrame));
+                this.base = base;
+                this.unsetFields = unsetFields;
+            }
+
+            int getFrameType() { return EARLY_LARVAL; }
+
+            @Override
+            void write(ClassWriter writer) {
+                super.write(writer);
+                writer.databuf.appendChar(unsetFields.size());
+                if (writer.debugstackmap) {
+                    System.out.println("    # writing: EarlyLarval stackmap frame with " + unsetFields.size() + " fields");
+                }
+                for (VarSymbol vsym : unsetFields) {
+                    int index = writer.poolWriter.putNameAndType(vsym);
+                    writer.databuf.appendChar(index);
+                    if (writer.debugstackmap) {
+                        System.out.println("    #writing unset field: " + index + ", with name: " + vsym.name.toString());
+                    }
+                }
+                base.write(writer);
+            }
+        }
+
        /** Compare this frame with the previous frame and produce
         *  an entry of compressed stack map frame. */
         static StackMapTableFrame getInstance(Code.StackMapFrame this_frame,
-                                              int prev_pc,
-                                              Type[] prev_locals,
-                                              Types types) {
+                                              Code.StackMapFrame prevFrame,
+                                              Types types,
+                                              int pc) {
             Type[] locals = this_frame.locals;
             Type[] stack = this_frame.stack;
-            int offset_delta = this_frame.pc - prev_pc - 1;
+            int offset_delta = this_frame.pc - prevFrame.pc - 1;
             if (stack.length == 1) {
-                if (locals.length == prev_locals.length
-                    && compare(prev_locals, locals, types) == 0) {
-                    return new SameLocals1StackItemFrame(offset_delta, stack[0]);
+                if (locals.length == prevFrame.locals.length
+                    && compare(prevFrame.locals, locals, types) == 0) {
+                    return new SameLocals1StackItemFrame(pc, offset_delta, stack[0]);
                 }
             } else if (stack.length == 0) {
-                int diff_length = compare(prev_locals, locals, types);
+                int diff_length = compare(prevFrame.locals, locals, types);
                 if (diff_length == 0) {
-                    return new SameFrame(offset_delta);
+                    return new SameFrame(pc, offset_delta);
                 } else if (-MAX_LOCAL_LENGTH_DIFF < diff_length && diff_length < 0) {
                     // APPEND
                     Type[] local_diff = new Type[-diff_length];
-                    for (int i=prev_locals.length, j=0; i<locals.length; i++,j++) {
+                    for (int i=prevFrame.locals.length, j=0; i<locals.length; i++,j++) {
                         local_diff[j] = locals[i];
                     }
-                    return new AppendFrame(SAME_FRAME_EXTENDED - diff_length,
+                    return new AppendFrame(pc, SAME_FRAME_EXTENDED - diff_length,
                                            offset_delta,
                                            local_diff);
                 } else if (0 < diff_length && diff_length < MAX_LOCAL_LENGTH_DIFF) {
                     // CHOP
-                    return new ChopFrame(SAME_FRAME_EXTENDED - diff_length,
+                    return new ChopFrame(pc, SAME_FRAME_EXTENDED - diff_length,
                                          offset_delta);
                 }
             }
             // FULL_FRAME
-            return new FullFrame(offset_delta, locals, stack);
+            return new FullFrame(pc, offset_delta, locals, stack);
         }
 
         static boolean isInt(Type t) {
@@ -1584,10 +1665,11 @@ public void writeClassFile(OutputStream out, ClassSymbol c)
         if (c.owner.kind == MDL) {
             flags = ACC_MODULE;
         } else {
-            flags = adjustFlags(c.flags() & ~DEFAULT);
+            long originalFlags = c.flags();
+            flags = adjustFlags(c, c.flags() & ~(DEFAULT | STRICTFP));
             if ((flags & PROTECTED) != 0) flags |= PUBLIC;
-            flags = flags & ClassFlags & ~STRICTFP;
-            if ((flags & INTERFACE) == 0) flags |= ACC_SUPER;
+            flags = flags & ClassFlags;
+            flags |= (originalFlags & IDENTITY_TYPE) != 0 ? ACC_IDENTITY : flags;
         }
 
         if (dumpClassModifiers) {
@@ -1681,7 +1763,8 @@ public void writeClassFile(OutputStream out, ClassSymbol c)
         acount += writeExtraAttributes(c);
 
         poolbuf.appendInt(JAVA_MAGIC);
-        if (preview.isEnabled() && preview.usesPreview(c.sourcefile)) {
+        boolean markedPreview = preview.isEnabled() && preview.usesPreview(c.sourcefile);
+        if (markedPreview) {
             poolbuf.appendChar(ClassFile.PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION);
         } else {
             poolbuf.appendChar(target.minorVersion);
@@ -1709,7 +1792,12 @@ public void writeClassFile(OutputStream out, ClassSymbol c)
         }
 
         if (!poolWriter.innerClasses.isEmpty()) {
-            writeInnerClasses();
+            writeInnerClasses(markedPreview);
+            acount++;
+        }
+
+        if (!poolWriter.loadableDescriptors.isEmpty()) {
+            writeLoadableDescriptorsAttribute();
             acount++;
         }
 
@@ -1743,7 +1831,7 @@ protected int writeExtraAttributes(Symbol sym) {
         return i;
     }
 
-    int adjustFlags(final long flags) {
+    int adjustFlags(Symbol sym, final long flags) {
         int result = (int)flags;
 
         // Elide strictfp bit in class files
@@ -1756,6 +1844,19 @@ int adjustFlags(final long flags) {
             result |= ACC_VARARGS;
         if ((flags & DEFAULT) != 0)
             result &= ~ABSTRACT;
+        if (sym.kind == TYP) {
+            /* flags IDENTITY_TYPE and HAS_INIT share the same value, this is why we need first to double check that
+             * we are dealing with a type
+             */
+            if ((flags & IDENTITY_TYPE) != 0) {
+                result |= ACC_IDENTITY;
+            }
+        }
+        if (sym.kind == VAR) {
+            if ((flags & STRICT) != 0) {
+                result |= ACC_STRICT;
+            }
+        }
         return result;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Code.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Code.java
index 227143c3148..83f6c1c53dc 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Code.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Code.java
@@ -32,26 +32,14 @@
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.JCDiagnostic.DiagnosticPosition;
 
 import java.util.function.ToIntBiFunction;
-import java.util.function.ToIntFunction;
 
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTag.ARRAY;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTag.BOT;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTag.DOUBLE;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTag.INT;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTag.LONG;
-import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTag.TYPEVAR;
+import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTag.UNINITIALIZED_THIS;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.ByteCodes.*;
-import static com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.ClassFile.CONSTANT_Class;
-import static com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.ClassFile.CONSTANT_Double;
-import static com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.ClassFile.CONSTANT_Fieldref;
-import static com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.ClassFile.CONSTANT_Float;
-import static com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.ClassFile.CONSTANT_Integer;
-import static com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.ClassFile.CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref;
-import static com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.ClassFile.CONSTANT_Long;
-import static com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.ClassFile.CONSTANT_MethodHandle;
-import static com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.ClassFile.CONSTANT_MethodType;
-import static com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.ClassFile.CONSTANT_Methodref;
-import static com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.ClassFile.CONSTANT_String;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.UninitializedType.*;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.ClassWriter.StackMapTableFrame;
 import java.util.Arrays;
@@ -199,6 +187,12 @@ public boolean checkLimits(DiagnosticPosition pos, Log log) {
 
     private int letExprStackPos = 0;
 
+    /** The initial unset strict fields in this method frame
+     */
+    public List<VarSymbol> initialUnsetFields = List.nil();
+
+    boolean generateEarlyLarvalFrame;
+
     /** Construct a code object, given the settings of the fatcode,
      *  debugging info switches and the CharacterRangeTable.
      */
@@ -211,7 +205,8 @@ public Code(MethodSymbol meth,
                 CRTable crt,
                 Symtab syms,
                 Types types,
-                PoolWriter poolWriter) {
+                PoolWriter poolWriter,
+                boolean generateEarlyLarvalFrame) {
         this.meth = meth;
         this.fatcode = fatcode;
         this.lineMap = lineMap;
@@ -233,6 +228,17 @@ public Code(MethodSymbol meth,
         }
         state = new State();
         lvar = new LocalVar[20];
+        this.generateEarlyLarvalFrame = generateEarlyLarvalFrame;
+    }
+
+    void initUnsetStrictFields(ClassSymbol csym) {
+        int strictFieldOffset = 0;
+        for (Symbol s : csym.members().getSymbols(Symbol::isStrictInstance)) {
+            VarSymbol strictField = (VarSymbol)s;
+            strictField.adr = strictFieldOffset++;
+            initialUnsetFields = initialUnsetFields.prepend(strictField); // lookup returns symbols in reversed order
+            state.unsetStrict.incl(strictField.adr);
+        }
     }
 
 
@@ -1056,7 +1062,13 @@ public void emitop2(int op, int od, PoolConstant data) {
             markDead();
             break;
         case putfield:
-            state.pop(((Symbol)data).erasure(types));
+            VarSymbol field = (VarSymbol)data;
+            state.pop(field.erasure(types));
+            if (field.isStrictInstance() &&
+                    field.owner == meth.owner &&
+                    state.peek().hasTag(UNINITIALIZED_THIS)) {
+                state.unsetStrict.excl(field.adr);
+            }
             state.pop(1); // object ref
             break;
         case getfield:
@@ -1083,7 +1095,6 @@ public void emitop2(int op, int od, PoolConstant data) {
         }
         // postop();
     }
-
     /** Emit an opcode with a four-byte operand field.
      */
     public void emitop4(int op, int od) {
@@ -1230,6 +1241,7 @@ static class StackMapFrame {
         int pc;
         Type[] locals;
         Type[] stack;
+        List<VarSymbol> unsetFields;
     }
 
     /** A buffer of cldc stack map entries. */
@@ -1325,13 +1337,17 @@ void emitStackMapFrame(int pc, int localsSize) {
         StackMapFrame frame = new StackMapFrame();
         frame.pc = pc;
 
+        boolean hasUninitializedThis = false;
         int localCount = 0;
         Type[] locals = new Type[localsSize];
         for (int i=0; i<localsSize; i++, localCount++) {
             if (state.defined.isMember(i) && lvar[i] != null) {
                 Type vtype = lvar[i].sym.type;
-                if (!(vtype instanceof UninitializedType))
+                if (!(vtype instanceof UninitializedType)) {
                     vtype = types.erasure(vtype);
+                } else if (vtype.hasTag(TypeTag.UNINITIALIZED_THIS)) {
+                    hasUninitializedThis = true;
+                }
                 locals[i] = vtype;
                 if (width(vtype) > 1) i++;
             }
@@ -1357,6 +1373,10 @@ void emitStackMapFrame(int pc, int localsSize) {
             }
         }
 
+        List<VarSymbol> unsetStrictFields = collectUnsetStrictFields();
+        boolean encloseWithEarlyLarvalFrame = generateEarlyLarvalFrame && hasUninitializedThis
+                && !lastFrame.unsetFields.equals(unsetStrictFields);
+
         if (stackMapTableBuffer == null) {
             stackMapTableBuffer = new StackMapTableFrame[20];
         } else {
@@ -1364,13 +1384,26 @@ void emitStackMapFrame(int pc, int localsSize) {
                                     stackMapTableBuffer,
                                     stackMapBufferSize);
         }
-        stackMapTableBuffer[stackMapBufferSize++] =
-                StackMapTableFrame.getInstance(frame, lastFrame.pc, lastFrame.locals, types);
+
+        StackMapTableFrame tableFrame = StackMapTableFrame.getInstance(frame, lastFrame, types, pc);
+        if (encloseWithEarlyLarvalFrame) {
+            tableFrame = new StackMapTableFrame.EarlyLarvalFrame(tableFrame, unsetStrictFields);
+            frame.unsetFields = unsetStrictFields;
+        } else {
+            frame.unsetFields = lastFrame.unsetFields;
+        }
+        stackMapTableBuffer[stackMapBufferSize++] = tableFrame;
 
         frameBeforeLast = lastFrame;
         lastFrame = frame;
     }
 
+    List<VarSymbol> collectUnsetStrictFields() {
+        return initialUnsetFields.stream()
+                .filter(s -> state.unsetStrict.isMember(s.adr))
+                .collect(List.collector());
+    }
+
     StackMapFrame getInitialFrame() {
         StackMapFrame frame = new StackMapFrame();
         List<Type> arg_types = ((MethodType)meth.externalType(types)).argtypes;
@@ -1392,6 +1425,7 @@ StackMapFrame getInitialFrame() {
         }
         frame.pc = -1;
         frame.stack = null;
+        frame.unsetFields = initialUnsetFields;
         return frame;
     }
 
@@ -1481,6 +1515,7 @@ public Chain branch(int opcode) {
     public void resolve(Chain chain, int target) {
         boolean changed = false;
         State newState = state;
+        int originalTarget = target;
         for (; chain != null; chain = chain.next) {
             Assert.check(state != chain.state
                     && (target > chain.pc || isStatementStart()));
@@ -1507,13 +1542,15 @@ public void resolve(Chain chain, int target) {
                     break;
                 }
             } else {
-                if (fatcode)
+                if (fatcode) {
                     put4(chain.pc + 1, target - chain.pc);
+                }
                 else if (target - chain.pc < Short.MIN_VALUE ||
                          target - chain.pc > Short.MAX_VALUE)
                     fatcode = true;
-                else
+                else {
                     put2(chain.pc + 1, target - chain.pc);
+                }
                 Assert.check(!alive ||
                     chain.state.stacksize == newState.stacksize &&
                     chain.state.nlocks == newState.nlocks);
@@ -1657,6 +1694,9 @@ class State implements Cloneable {
         /** The set of registers containing values. */
         Bits defined;
 
+        /** The unset strict fields. */
+        Bits unsetStrict;
+
         /** The (types of the) contents of the machine stack. */
         Type[] stack;
 
@@ -1669,6 +1709,7 @@ class State implements Cloneable {
 
         State() {
             defined = new Bits();
+            unsetStrict = new Bits();
             stack = new Type[16];
         }
 
@@ -1676,6 +1717,7 @@ State dup() {
             try {
                 State state = (State)super.clone();
                 state.defined = new Bits(defined);
+                state.unsetStrict = new Bits(unsetStrict);
                 state.stack = stack.clone();
                 if (locks != null) state.locks = locks.clone();
                 if (debugCode) {
@@ -1804,6 +1846,7 @@ void markInitialized(UninitializedType old) {
 
         State join(State other) {
             defined.andSet(other.defined);
+            unsetStrict.orSet(other.unsetStrict);
             Assert.check(stacksize == other.stacksize
                     && nlocks == other.nlocks);
             for (int i=0; i<stacksize; ) {
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java
index 91493776ccc..42a8d857d8f 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java
@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ public class Gen extends JCTree.Visitor {
     private final Lower lower;
     private final Annotate annotate;
     private final StringConcat concat;
+    private final LocalProxyVarsGen localProxyVarsGen;
 
     /** Format of stackmap tables to be generated. */
     private final Code.StackMapFormat stackMap;
@@ -109,6 +110,7 @@ protected Gen(Context context) {
         target = Target.instance(context);
         types = Types.instance(context);
         concat = StringConcat.instance(context);
+        localProxyVarsGen = LocalProxyVarsGen.instance(context);
 
         methodType = new MethodType(null, null, null, syms.methodClass);
         accessDollar = "access" + target.syntheticNameChar();
@@ -131,6 +133,9 @@ protected Gen(Context context) {
         this.stackMap = StackMapFormat.JSR202;
         annotate = Annotate.instance(context);
         qualifiedSymbolCache = new HashMap<>();
+        Preview preview = Preview.instance(context);
+        Source source = Source.instance(context);
+        allowValueClasses = preview.isEnabled() && Source.Feature.VALUE_CLASSES.allowedInSource(source);
     }
 
     /** Switches
@@ -140,6 +145,7 @@ protected Gen(Context context) {
     private final boolean genCrt;
     private final boolean debugCode;
     private boolean disableVirtualizedPrivateInvoke;
+    private final boolean allowValueClasses;
 
     /** Code buffer, set by genMethod.
      */
@@ -413,11 +419,12 @@ boolean hasFinally(JCTree target, Env<GenContext> env) {
 
     /** Distribute member initializer code into constructors and {@code <clinit>}
      *  method.
-     *  @param defs         The list of class member declarations.
-     *  @param c            The enclosing class.
+     *  @param classDecl         The class declaration to normalize.
      */
-    List<JCTree> normalizeDefs(List<JCTree> defs, ClassSymbol c) {
+    List<JCTree> normalizeDefs(JCClassDecl classDecl) {
         ListBuffer<JCStatement> initCode = new ListBuffer<>();
+        // only used for value classes
+        ListBuffer<JCStatement> initBlocks = new ListBuffer<>();
         ListBuffer<Attribute.TypeCompound> initTAs = new ListBuffer<>();
         ListBuffer<JCStatement> clinitCode = new ListBuffer<>();
         ListBuffer<Attribute.TypeCompound> clinitTAs = new ListBuffer<>();
@@ -426,15 +433,20 @@ List<JCTree> normalizeDefs(List<JCTree> defs, ClassSymbol c) {
         //  - initCode for instance initializers
         //  - clinitCode for class initializers
         //  - methodDefs for method definitions
-        for (List<JCTree> l = defs; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
+        for (List<JCTree> l = classDecl.defs; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
             JCTree def = l.head;
             switch (def.getTag()) {
             case BLOCK:
                 JCBlock block = (JCBlock)def;
                 if ((block.flags & STATIC) != 0)
                     clinitCode.append(block);
-                else if ((block.flags & SYNTHETIC) == 0)
-                    initCode.append(block);
+                else if ((block.flags & SYNTHETIC) == 0) {
+                    if (classDecl.sym.isValueClass()) {
+                        initBlocks.append(block);
+                    } else {
+                        initCode.append(block);
+                    }
+                }
                 break;
             case METHODDEF:
                 methodDefs.append(def);
@@ -473,25 +485,26 @@ else if ((block.flags & SYNTHETIC) == 0)
             }
         }
         // Insert any instance initializers into all constructors.
-        if (initCode.length() != 0) {
-            List<JCStatement> inits = initCode.toList();
-            initTAs.addAll(c.getInitTypeAttributes());
-            List<Attribute.TypeCompound> initTAlist = initTAs.toList();
-            for (JCTree t : methodDefs) {
-                normalizeMethod((JCMethodDecl)t, inits, initTAlist);
-            }
+        List<TypeCompound> initTAlist = List.nil();
+        if (initCode.nonEmpty() || initBlocks.nonEmpty()) {
+            initTAs.addAll(classDecl.sym.getInitTypeAttributes());
+            initTAlist = initTAs.toList();
         }
+        for (JCTree t : methodDefs) {
+            normalizeMethod((JCMethodDecl)t, initCode.toList(), initBlocks.toList(), initTAlist);
+        }
+        localProxyVarsGen.allFieldNormalized(classDecl.sym);
         // If there are class initializers, create a <clinit> method
         // that contains them as its body.
         if (clinitCode.length() != 0) {
             MethodSymbol clinit = new MethodSymbol(
-                STATIC | (c.flags() & STRICTFP),
+                STATIC | (classDecl.sym.flags() & STRICTFP),
                 names.clinit,
                 new MethodType(
                     List.nil(), syms.voidType,
                     List.nil(), syms.methodClass),
-                c);
-            c.members().enter(clinit);
+                    classDecl.sym);
+            classDecl.sym.members().enter(clinit);
             List<JCStatement> clinitStats = clinitCode.toList();
             JCBlock block = make.at(clinitStats.head.pos()).Block(0, clinitStats);
             block.bracePos = TreeInfo.endPos(clinitStats.last());
@@ -499,8 +512,8 @@ else if ((block.flags & SYNTHETIC) == 0)
 
             if (!clinitTAs.isEmpty())
                 clinit.appendUniqueTypeAttributes(clinitTAs.toList());
-            if (!c.getClassInitTypeAttributes().isEmpty())
-                clinit.appendUniqueTypeAttributes(c.getClassInitTypeAttributes());
+            if (!classDecl.sym.getClassInitTypeAttributes().isEmpty())
+                clinit.appendUniqueTypeAttributes(classDecl.sym.getClassInitTypeAttributes());
         }
         // Return all method definitions.
         return methodDefs.toList();
@@ -541,16 +554,54 @@ private void checkStringConstant(DiagnosticPosition pos, Object constValue) {
      *  @param initCode  The list of instance initializer statements.
      *  @param initTAs  Type annotations from the initializer expression.
      */
-    void normalizeMethod(JCMethodDecl md, List<JCStatement> initCode, List<TypeCompound> initTAs) {
+    void normalizeMethod(JCMethodDecl md, List<JCStatement> initCode, List<JCStatement> initBlocks,  List<TypeCompound> initTAs) {
         if (TreeInfo.isConstructor(md) && TreeInfo.hasConstructorCall(md, names._super)) {
             // We are seeing a constructor that has a super() call.
             // Find the super() invocation and append the given initializer code.
-            TreeInfo.mapSuperCalls(md.body, supercall -> make.Block(0, initCode.prepend(supercall)));
+            if (initCode.nonEmpty() || initBlocks.nonEmpty()) {
+                if (allowValueClasses &&
+                        (md.sym.owner.isValueClass() || ((md.sym.owner.flags_field & RECORD) != 0))) {
+                    rewriteEarlyInitializersIfNeeded(md, initCode);
+                    md.body.stats = initCode.appendList(md.body.stats);
+                    TreeInfo.mapSuperCalls(md.body, supercall -> make.Block(0, initBlocks.prepend(supercall)));
+                } else {
+                    TreeInfo.mapSuperCalls(md.body, supercall -> make.Block(0, initCode.prepend(supercall)));
+                }
+                md.sym.appendUniqueTypeAttributes(initTAs);
+            }
+
+            localProxyVarsGen.patchConstructor(md, make);
 
             if (md.body.bracePos == Position.NOPOS)
                 md.body.bracePos = TreeInfo.endPos(md.body.stats.last());
+        }
+    }
 
-            md.sym.appendUniqueTypeAttributes(initTAs);
+    /**
+     * Some early field initializer might contain references to synthetic Lower symbols,
+     * such as 'this$0' or local var proxies. Since these are effectively "early reads",
+     * we need to replace such reference with a reference to the corresponding
+     * (synthetic) constructor parameter.
+     */
+    void rewriteEarlyInitializersIfNeeded(JCMethodDecl md, List<JCStatement> initCode) {
+        class EarlyInitializerVisitor extends TreeScanner {
+            @Override
+            public void visitIdent(JCIdent tree) {
+                if ((tree.sym.flags() & OUTER_THIS_FIELD) != 0) {
+                    tree.sym = md.sym.extraParams.head;
+                } else if ((tree.sym.flags() & LOCAL_CAPTURE_FIELD) != 0) {
+                    Symbol capturedSym = tree.sym.baseSymbol();
+                    tree.sym = md.sym.capturedLocals.stream()
+                            .filter(l -> l.baseSymbol() == capturedSym)
+                            .findAny().orElseThrow();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (md.sym.capturedLocals.nonEmpty() || md.sym.extraParams.nonEmpty()) {
+            EarlyInitializerVisitor initializerVisitor = new EarlyInitializerVisitor();
+            for (JCStatement init : initCode) {
+                initializerVisitor.scan(init);
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -1016,7 +1067,8 @@ private int initCode(JCMethodDecl tree, Env<GenContext> env, boolean fatcode) {
                                         genCrt ? new CRTable(tree) : null,
                                         syms,
                                         types,
-                                        poolWriter);
+                                        poolWriter,
+                                        allowValueClasses);
             items = new Items(poolWriter, code, syms, types);
             if (code.debugCode) {
                 System.err.println(meth + " for body " + tree);
@@ -1040,6 +1092,10 @@ private int initCode(JCMethodDecl tree, Env<GenContext> env, boolean fatcode) {
                 code.setDefined(code.newLocal(l.head.sym));
             }
 
+            if (allowValueClasses && meth.isConstructor()) {
+                code.initUnsetStrictFields(env.enclClass.sym);
+            }
+
             // Get ready to generate code for method body.
             int startpcCrt = genCrt ? code.curCP() : 0;
             code.entryPoint();
@@ -1152,6 +1208,14 @@ private void genLoop(JCStatement loop,
                              JCExpression cond,
                              List<JCExpressionStatement> step,
                              boolean testFirst) {
+            genLoopHelper(loop, body, cond, step, testFirst);
+        }
+
+        private void genLoopHelper(JCStatement loop,
+                             JCStatement body,
+                             JCExpression cond,
+                             List<JCExpressionStatement> step,
+                             boolean testFirst) {
             Env<GenContext> loopEnv = env.dup(loop, new GenContext());
             int startpc = code.entryPoint();
             if (testFirst) { //while or for loop
@@ -1290,6 +1354,11 @@ public void visitLambda(JCLambda tree) {
 
     private void handleSwitch(JCTree swtch, JCExpression selector, List<JCCase> cases,
                               boolean patternSwitch) {
+        handleSwitchHelper(swtch, selector, cases, patternSwitch);
+    }
+
+    void handleSwitchHelper(JCTree swtch, JCExpression selector, List<JCCase> cases,
+                      boolean patternSwitch) {
         int limit = code.nextreg;
         Assert.check(!selector.type.hasTag(CLASS));
         int switchStart = patternSwitch ? code.entryPoint() : -1;
@@ -1538,6 +1607,10 @@ void afterBody() {
          *  @param env       The current environment of the body.
          */
         void genTry(JCTree body, List<JCCatch> catchers, Env<GenContext> env) {
+            genTryHelper(body, catchers, env);
+        }
+
+        void genTryHelper(JCTree body, List<JCCatch> catchers, Env<GenContext> env) {
             int limit = code.nextreg;
             int startpc = code.curCP();
             Code.State stateTry = code.state.dup();
@@ -1749,6 +1822,10 @@ void registerCatch(DiagnosticPosition pos,
         }
 
     public void visitIf(JCIf tree) {
+        visitIfHelper(tree);
+    }
+
+    public void visitIfHelper(JCIf tree) {
         int limit = code.nextreg;
         Chain thenExit = null;
         Assert.check(code.isStatementStart());
@@ -2469,7 +2546,7 @@ public boolean genClass(Env<AttrContext> env, JCClassDecl cdef) {
             this.toplevel = env.toplevel;
             /* method normalizeDefs() can add references to external classes into the constant pool
              */
-            cdef.defs = normalizeDefs(cdef.defs, c);
+            cdef.defs = normalizeDefs(cdef);
             generateReferencesToPrunedTree(c);
             Env<GenContext> localEnv = new Env<>(cdef, new GenContext());
             localEnv.toplevel = env.toplevel;
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/PoolWriter.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/PoolWriter.java
index c90fbab788c..9c7451c204d 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/PoolWriter.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/PoolWriter.java
@@ -51,9 +51,11 @@
 import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.util.ArrayDeque;
 import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
 import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
 
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Kinds.Kind.TYP;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTag.ARRAY;
@@ -94,6 +96,8 @@ public class PoolWriter {
     /** The inner classes to be written, as an ordered set (enclosing first). */
     LinkedHashSet<ClassSymbol> innerClasses = new LinkedHashSet<>();
 
+    Set<Symbol> loadableDescriptors = new LinkedHashSet<>();
+
     /** The list of entries in the BootstrapMethods attribute. */
     Map<BsmKey, Integer> bootstrapMethods = new LinkedHashMap<>();
 
@@ -232,6 +236,16 @@ void enterInner(ClassSymbol c) {
         }
     }
 
+    /** Enter a value class into the `loadableDescriptorsClasses' set.
+     */
+    void enterLoadableDescriptorsClass(Symbol c) {
+        if (c.type.isCompound()) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Unexpected intersection type: " + c.type);
+        }
+        c.complete();
+        loadableDescriptors.add(c);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Create a new Utf8 entry representing a descriptor for given (member) symbol.
      */
@@ -512,6 +526,7 @@ private Name classSig(Type t) {
 
     void reset() {
         innerClasses.clear();
+        loadableDescriptors.clear();
         bootstrapMethods.clear();
         pool.reset();
     }
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/main/Arguments.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/main/Arguments.java
index 9a0b75a3aa4..bf45f7bf632 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/main/Arguments.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/main/Arguments.java
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@
 import com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.Profile;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.Target;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.main.OptionHelper.GrumpyHelper;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.platform.JDKPlatformProvider;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.platform.PlatformDescription;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.platform.PlatformUtils;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.resources.CompilerProperties.Errors;
@@ -312,8 +313,12 @@ public boolean handleReleaseOptions(Predicate<Iterable<String>> additionalOption
                 Option.SYSTEM, Option.UPGRADE_MODULE_PATH);
 
         if (platformString != null) {
+            String platformAndOptions = platformString;
+            if (options.isSet(Option.PREVIEW)) {
+                platformAndOptions += ":" + JDKPlatformProvider.PREVIEW_OPTION;
+            }
             PlatformDescription platformDescription =
-                    PlatformUtils.lookupPlatformDescription(platformString);
+                    PlatformUtils.lookupPlatformDescription(platformAndOptions);
 
             if (platformDescription == null) {
                 reportDiag(Errors.UnsupportedReleaseVersion(platformString));
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/main/Main.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/main/Main.java
index 32496bde02d..eca5df96746 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/main/Main.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/main/Main.java
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
 import javax.tools.JavaFileManager;
 
 import com.sun.tools.javac.api.BasicJavacTask;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Preview;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.file.CacheFSInfo;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.file.BaseFileManager;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.file.JavacFileManager;
@@ -300,6 +301,12 @@ public void put(String name, String value) { }
             fileManager.handleOption(Option.MULTIRELEASE.primaryName, list.iterator());
         }
 
+        // pass preview mode to the file manager:
+        if (fileManager.isSupportedOption(Option.PREVIEWMODE.primaryName) == 1) {
+            Preview preview = Preview.instance(context);
+            fileManager.handleOption(Option.PREVIEWMODE.primaryName, List.of(String.valueOf(preview.isEnabled())).iterator());
+        }
+
         // init JavaCompiler
         JavaCompiler comp = JavaCompiler.instance(context);
 
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/main/Option.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/main/Option.java
index 664ebc4c9c6..3d470538634 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/main/Option.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/main/Option.java
@@ -812,6 +812,7 @@ public void process(OptionHelper helper, String option) throws InvalidValueExcep
     },
 
     MULTIRELEASE("--multi-release", "opt.arg.multi-release", "opt.multi-release", HIDDEN, FILEMANAGER),
+    PREVIEWMODE("--preview-mode", "opt.arg.preview-mode", "opt.preview-mode", HIDDEN, FILEMANAGER),
 
     INHERIT_RUNTIME_ENVIRONMENT("--inherit-runtime-environment", "opt.inherit_runtime_environment",
             HIDDEN, BASIC) {
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/parser/JavacParser.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/parser/JavacParser.java
index d90c0f1e32a..19daed61aa7 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/parser/JavacParser.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/parser/JavacParser.java
@@ -37,9 +37,11 @@
 import com.sun.source.tree.ModuleTree.ModuleKind;
 
 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.*;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.FlagsEnum;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Source.Feature;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.file.PathFileObject;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.parser.Tokens.*;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.parser.Tokens.Comment.CommentStyle;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.resources.CompilerProperties.Errors;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.resources.CompilerProperties.Fragments;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.resources.CompilerProperties.LintWarnings;
@@ -52,6 +54,7 @@
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.JCDiagnostic.Fragment;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.List;
 
+import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.asFlagSet;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.parser.Tokens.TokenKind.*;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.parser.Tokens.TokenKind.ASSERT;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.parser.Tokens.TokenKind.CASE;
@@ -60,6 +63,7 @@
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.parser.Tokens.TokenKind.GT;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.parser.Tokens.TokenKind.IMPORT;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.parser.Tokens.TokenKind.LT;
+import static com.sun.tools.javac.parser.Tokens.TokenKind.SYNCHRONIZED;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.parser.VirtualParser.VirtualScanner;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.Tag.*;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.resources.CompilerProperties.Fragments.ImplicitAndExplicitNotAllowed;
@@ -194,6 +198,7 @@ protected JavacParser(ParserFactory fac,
         this.allowYieldStatement = Feature.SWITCH_EXPRESSION.allowedInSource(source);
         this.allowRecords = Feature.RECORDS.allowedInSource(source);
         this.allowSealedTypes = Feature.SEALED_CLASSES.allowedInSource(source);
+        this.allowValueClasses = preview.isEnabled() && Feature.VALUE_CLASSES.allowedInSource(source);
         updateUnexpectedTopLevelDefinitionStartError(false);
     }
 
@@ -217,6 +222,7 @@ protected JavacParser(JavacParser parser,
         this.allowYieldStatement = Feature.SWITCH_EXPRESSION.allowedInSource(source);
         this.allowRecords = Feature.RECORDS.allowedInSource(source);
         this.allowSealedTypes = Feature.SEALED_CLASSES.allowedInSource(source);
+        this.allowValueClasses = preview.isEnabled() && Feature.VALUE_CLASSES.allowedInSource(source);
         updateUnexpectedTopLevelDefinitionStartError(false);
     }
 
@@ -249,6 +255,10 @@ protected DocCommentTable newDocCommentTable(boolean keepDocComments, ParserFact
      */
     boolean allowRecords;
 
+    /** Switch: are value classes allowed in this source level?
+     */
+    boolean allowValueClasses;
+
     /** Switch: are sealed types allowed in this source level?
      */
     boolean allowSealedTypes;
@@ -1662,7 +1672,7 @@ protected JCExpression term3() {
                         }
                         break loop;
                     case LT:
-                        if (!isMode(TYPE) && isUnboundMemberRef()) {
+                        if (!isMode(TYPE) && isParameterizedTypePrefix()) {
                             //this is an unbound method reference whose qualifier
                             //is a generic type i.e. A<S>::m
                             int pos1 = token.pos;
@@ -1908,7 +1918,7 @@ JCExpression term3Rest(JCExpression t, List<JCExpression> typeArgs) {
      * matching '&gt;' and see if the subsequent terminal is either '.' or '::'.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("fallthrough")
-    boolean isUnboundMemberRef() {
+    boolean isParameterizedTypePrefix() {
         int pos = 0, depth = 0;
         outer: for (Token t = S.token(pos) ; ; t = S.token(++pos)) {
             switch (t.kind) {
@@ -3003,6 +3013,11 @@ List<JCStatement> blockStatement() {
                 }
             }
         }
+        if ((isValueModifier()) && allowValueClasses) {
+            checkSourceLevel(Feature.VALUE_CLASSES);
+            dc = token.docComment();
+            return List.of(classOrRecordOrInterfaceOrEnumDeclaration(modifiersOpt(), dc));
+        }
         dc = token.docComment();
         if (isRecordStart() && allowRecords) {
             return List.of(recordDeclaration(F.at(pos).Modifiers(0), dc));
@@ -3616,6 +3631,11 @@ protected JCModifiers modifiersOpt(JCModifiers partial) {
                     flag = Flags.SEALED;
                     break;
                 }
+                if (isValueModifier()) {
+                    checkSourceLevel(Feature.VALUE_CLASSES);
+                    flag = Flags.VALUE_CLASS;
+                    break;
+                }
                 break loop;
             }
             default: break loop;
@@ -3883,6 +3903,13 @@ Source restrictedTypeNameStartingAtSource(Name name, int pos, boolean shouldWarn
                 log.warning(DiagnosticFlag.SYNTAX, pos, Warnings.RestrictedTypeNotAllowedPreview(name, Source.JDK14));
             }
         }
+        if (name == names.value) {
+            if (allowValueClasses) {
+                return Source.DEFAULT;
+            } else if (shouldWarn) {
+                log.warning(pos, Warnings.RestrictedTypeNotAllowedPreview(name, Source.DEFAULT));
+            }
+        }
         if (name == names.sealed) {
             if (allowSealedTypes) {
                 return Source.JDK15;
@@ -5003,6 +5030,31 @@ protected boolean isNonSealedIdentifier(Token someToken, int lookAheadOffset) {
         return false;
     }
 
+    protected boolean isValueModifier() {
+        if (token.kind == IDENTIFIER && token.name() == names.value) {
+            boolean isValueModifier = false;
+            Token next = S.token(1);
+            switch (next.kind) {
+                case PRIVATE: case PROTECTED: case PUBLIC: case STATIC: case TRANSIENT:
+                case FINAL: case ABSTRACT: case NATIVE: case VOLATILE: case SYNCHRONIZED:
+                case STRICTFP: case MONKEYS_AT: case DEFAULT: case BYTE: case SHORT:
+                case CHAR: case INT: case LONG: case FLOAT: case DOUBLE: case BOOLEAN: case VOID:
+                case CLASS: case INTERFACE: case ENUM:
+                    isValueModifier = true;
+                    break;
+                case IDENTIFIER: // value record R || value value
+                    if (next.name() == names.record || next.name() == names.value
+                            || (mode & EXPR) != 0)
+                        isValueModifier = true;
+                    break;
+            }
+            if (isValueModifier) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
     protected boolean isSealedClassStart(boolean local) {
         if (token.name() == names.sealed) {
             Token next = S.token(1);
@@ -5030,7 +5082,9 @@ private boolean allowedAfterSealedOrNonSealed(Token next, boolean local, boolean
                     yield afterNext.kind != INTERFACE || currentIsNonSealed;
                 }
                 case PUBLIC, PROTECTED, PRIVATE, ABSTRACT, STATIC, FINAL, STRICTFP, CLASS, INTERFACE, ENUM -> true;
-                case IDENTIFIER -> isNonSealedIdentifier(next, currentIsNonSealed ? 3 : 1) || next.name() == names.sealed;
+                case IDENTIFIER -> isNonSealedIdentifier(next, currentIsNonSealed ? 3 : 1) ||
+                        next.name() == names.sealed ||
+                        allowValueClasses && next.name() == names.value;
                 default -> false;
             };
     }
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/platform/JDKPlatformProvider.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/platform/JDKPlatformProvider.java
index 2360fce1f75..a2c308a6939 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/platform/JDKPlatformProvider.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/platform/JDKPlatformProvider.java
@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@
 import com.sun.tools.javac.file.JavacFileManager;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.Target;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.main.Option;
-import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Assert;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Context;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Log;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
@@ -76,6 +75,9 @@
  */
 public class JDKPlatformProvider implements PlatformProvider {
 
+    public static final String PREVIEW_OPTION = "preview";
+    private static final String CT_SYM_PREVIEW_VERSION = "@";
+
     @Override
     public Iterable<String> getSupportedPlatformNames() {
         return SUPPORTED_JAVA_PLATFORM_VERSIONS;
@@ -86,11 +88,23 @@ public PlatformDescription getPlatform(String platformName, String options) thro
         if (!SUPPORTED_JAVA_PLATFORM_VERSIONS.contains(platformName)) {
             throw new PlatformNotSupported();
         }
-        return getPlatformTrusted(platformName);
+        if (PREVIEW_OPTION.equals(options) && !Source.DEFAULT.name.equals(platformName)) {
+            throw new PlatformNotSupported();
+        }
+        return getPlatformTrusted(platformName, options);
     }
 
-    public PlatformDescription getPlatformTrusted(String platformName) {
-        return new PlatformDescriptionImpl(platformName);
+    public PlatformDescription getPlatformTrusted(String platformName, String options) {
+        String ctSymVersion;
+
+        if (PREVIEW_OPTION.equals(options)) {
+            ctSymVersion = CT_SYM_PREVIEW_VERSION;
+        } else {
+            ctSymVersion =
+                    StringUtils.toUpperCase(Integer.toString(Integer.parseInt(platformName), Character.MAX_RADIX));
+        }
+
+        return new PlatformDescriptionImpl(platformName, ctSymVersion);
     }
 
     private static final String[] symbolFileLocation = { "lib", "ct.sym" };
@@ -132,6 +146,11 @@ public PlatformDescription getPlatformTrusted(String platformName) {
                         continue;
                     for (char ver : section.getFileName().toString().toCharArray()) {
                         String verString = Character.toString(ver);
+
+                        if (CT_SYM_PREVIEW_VERSION.equals(verString)) {
+                            continue; //ignore - preview is just an option
+                        }
+
                         Target t = Target.lookup("" + Integer.parseInt(verString, Character.MAX_RADIX));
 
                         if (t != null) {
@@ -154,10 +173,9 @@ static class PlatformDescriptionImpl implements PlatformDescription {
         private final String sourceVersion;
         private final String ctSymVersion;
 
-        PlatformDescriptionImpl(String sourceVersion) {
+        PlatformDescriptionImpl(String sourceVersion, String ctSymVersion) {
             this.sourceVersion = sourceVersion;
-            this.ctSymVersion =
-                    StringUtils.toUpperCase(Integer.toString(Integer.parseInt(sourceVersion), Character.MAX_RADIX));
+            this.ctSymVersion = ctSymVersion;
         }
 
         @Override
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/compiler.properties b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/compiler.properties
index 1ae2c9de35a..172b2bb735e 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/compiler.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/compiler.properties
@@ -2175,6 +2175,19 @@ compiler.warn.non.private.method.weaker.access=\
 compiler.warn.default.ineffective=\
     serialization-related default method from an interface will not be run by serialization for an implementing class
 
+# lint: serial
+compiler.warn.serializable.value.class.without.write.replace.1=\
+    serializable value class does not declare, or inherits, a writeReplace method
+
+# lint: serial
+compiler.warn.serializable.value.class.without.write.replace.2=\
+    serializable class does not declare, or inherits, a writeReplace method
+
+# 0: string
+# lint: serial
+compiler.warn.ineffectual.serial.method.value.class=\
+    serialization-related method ''{0}'' is not effective in a value class
+
 # 0: symbol, 1: symbol, 2: symbol, 3: symbol
 # lint: overloads
 compiler.warn.potentially.ambiguous.overload=\
@@ -2924,6 +2937,9 @@ compiler.misc.type.req.ref=\
 compiler.misc.type.req.exact=\
     class or interface without bounds
 
+compiler.misc.type.req.identity=\
+    a type with identity
+
 # 0: type
 compiler.misc.type.parameter=\
     type parameter {0}
@@ -4325,6 +4341,20 @@ compiler.err.preview.not.latest=\
 compiler.err.preview.without.source.or.release=\
     --enable-preview must be used with either -source or --release
 
+compiler.misc.feature.value.classes=\
+    value classes
+
+# 0: type, 1: type
+compiler.err.value.type.has.identity.super.type=\
+    The identity type {1} cannot be a supertype of the value type {0}
+
+compiler.err.non.abstract.value.class.cant.be.sealed.or.non.sealed=\
+    ''sealed'' or ''non-sealed'' modifiers are only applicable to abstract value classes
+
+# 0: symbol
+compiler.err.strict.field.not.have.been.initialized.before.super=\
+    strict field {0} is not initialized before the supertype constructor has been called
+
 # 0: symbol
 compiler.err.deconstruction.pattern.only.records=\
     deconstruction patterns can only be applied to records, {0} is not a record
@@ -4356,3 +4386,6 @@ compiler.warn.attempt.to.use.value.based.where.identity.expected=\
 compiler.err.enclosing.class.type.non.denotable=\
     enclosing class type: {0}\n\
     is non-denotable, try casting to a denotable type
+
+compiler.warn.value.finalize=\
+    value classes should not have a finalizer method, as it is not invoked
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/javac.properties b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/javac.properties
index d835c639827..608c9d71f48 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/javac.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/javac.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -111,6 +111,8 @@ javac.opt.pkginfo=\
     Specify handling of package-info files
 javac.opt.multi-release=\
     Specify which release to use in multi-release jars
+javac.opt.preview-mode=\
+    Specify whether preview mode should be enabled
 javac.opt.arg.class=\
     <class>
 javac.opt.arg.class.list=\
@@ -145,6 +147,8 @@ javac.opt.arg.plugin=\
     "name args"
 javac.opt.arg.multi-release=\
     <release>
+javac.opt.arg.preview-mode=\
+    true/false
 javac.opt.arg.default.module.for.created.files=\
     <module-name>
 
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/tree/TreeInfo.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/tree/TreeInfo.java
index ffb259c6a8b..53611960313 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/tree/TreeInfo.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/tree/TreeInfo.java
@@ -25,8 +25,6 @@
 
 package com.sun.tools.javac.tree;
 
-
-
 import com.sun.source.tree.Tree;
 import com.sun.source.util.TreePath;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.*;
@@ -181,6 +179,36 @@ public static boolean isIdentOrThisDotIdent(JCTree tree) {
         }
     }
 
+    /** Is this tree `super`, or `Ident.super`?
+     */
+    public static boolean isSuperOrSelectorDotSuper(JCTree tree) {
+        switch (tree.getTag()) {
+            case PARENS:
+                return isSuperOrSelectorDotSuper(skipParens(tree));
+            case IDENT:
+                return ((JCIdent)tree).name == ((JCIdent)tree).name.table.names._super;
+            case SELECT:
+                return ((JCFieldAccess)tree).name == ((JCFieldAccess)tree).name.table.names._super;
+            default:
+                return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Is this tree `this`, or `Ident.this`?
+     */
+    public static boolean isThisOrSelectorDotThis(JCTree tree) {
+        switch (tree.getTag()) {
+            case PARENS:
+                return isThisOrSelectorDotThis(skipParens(tree));
+            case IDENT:
+                return ((JCIdent)tree).name == ((JCIdent)tree).name.table.names._this;
+            case SELECT:
+                return ((JCFieldAccess)tree).name == ((JCFieldAccess)tree).name.table.names._this;
+            default:
+                return false;
+        }
+    }
+
     /** Check if the given tree is an explicit reference to the 'this' instance of the
      *  class currently being compiled. This is true if tree is:
      *  - An unqualified 'this' identifier
@@ -189,21 +217,24 @@ public static boolean isIdentOrThisDotIdent(JCTree tree) {
      *    but also NOT an enclosing outer class of 'currentClass'.
      */
     public static boolean isExplicitThisReference(Types types, Type.ClassType currentClass, JCTree tree) {
+        Symbol.ClassSymbol currentClassSym = (Symbol.ClassSymbol) types.erasure(currentClass).tsym;
         switch (tree.getTag()) {
             case PARENS:
                 return isExplicitThisReference(types, currentClass, skipParens(tree));
             case IDENT: {
                 JCIdent ident = (JCIdent)tree;
                 Names names = ident.name.table.names;
-                return ident.name == names._this || ident.name == names._super;
+                return ident.name == names._this && tree.type.tsym == currentClass.tsym ||
+                       ident.name == names._super &&
+                               (tree.type.tsym == currentClass.tsym ||
+                                currentClassSym.isSubClass(tree.type.tsym, types));
             }
             case SELECT: {
                 JCFieldAccess select = (JCFieldAccess)tree;
                 Type selectedType = types.erasure(select.selected.type);
                 if (!selectedType.hasTag(TypeTag.CLASS))
                     return false;
-                Symbol.ClassSymbol currentClassSym = (Symbol.ClassSymbol)((Type.ClassType)types.erasure(currentClass)).tsym;
-                Symbol.ClassSymbol selectedClassSym = (Symbol.ClassSymbol)((Type.ClassType)selectedType).tsym;
+                Symbol.ClassSymbol selectedClassSym = (Symbol.ClassSymbol)(selectedType).tsym;
                 Names names = select.name.table.names;
                 return currentClassSym.isSubClass(selectedClassSym, types) &&
                         (select.name == names._super ||
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/util/Bits.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/util/Bits.java
index fe795245610..85d60b08b90 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/util/Bits.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/util/Bits.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/util/Names.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/util/Names.java
index f5df8baddbd..30374a40824 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/util/Names.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/util/Names.java
@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ public static Names instance(Context context) {
     public final Name java_lang_Cloneable;
     public final Name java_lang_Enum;
     public final Name java_lang_Object;
+    public final Name java_lang_System;
 
     // names of builtin classes
     public final Name Array;
@@ -152,6 +153,7 @@ public static Names instance(Context context) {
     public final Name ModuleResolution;
     public final Name NestHost;
     public final Name NestMembers;
+    public final Name LoadableDescriptors;
     public final Name Record;
     public final Name RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations;
     public final Name RuntimeInvisibleParameterAnnotations;
@@ -206,6 +208,10 @@ public static Names instance(Context context) {
     public final Name makeConcat;
     public final Name makeConcatWithConstants;
 
+    // values
+    public final Name dollarValue;
+
+
     // record related
     // members of java.lang.runtime.ObjectMethods
     public final Name bootstrap;
@@ -306,6 +312,7 @@ public Names(Context context) {
         java_lang_Cloneable = fromString("java.lang.Cloneable");
         java_lang_Enum = fromString("java.lang.Enum");
         java_lang_Object = fromString("java.lang.Object");
+        java_lang_System = fromString("java.lang.System");
 
         // names of builtin classes
         Array = fromString("Array");
@@ -344,6 +351,7 @@ public Names(Context context) {
         ModuleResolution = fromString("ModuleResolution");
         NestHost = fromString("NestHost");
         NestMembers = fromString("NestMembers");
+        LoadableDescriptors = fromString("LoadableDescriptors");
         Record = fromString("Record");
         RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations = fromString("RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations");
         RuntimeInvisibleParameterAnnotations = fromString("RuntimeInvisibleParameterAnnotations");
@@ -397,6 +405,8 @@ public Names(Context context) {
         makeConcat = fromString("makeConcat");
         makeConcatWithConstants = fromString("makeConcatWithConstants");
 
+        dollarValue = fromString("$value");
+
         bootstrap = fromString("bootstrap");
         record = fromString("record");
         non = fromString("non");
@@ -443,6 +453,10 @@ public UnsharedNameTable newUnsharedNameTable() {
         return UnsharedNameTable.create(this);
     }
 
+    public boolean isInit(Name name) {
+        return name == init;
+    }
+
     public void dispose() {
         table.dispose();
     }
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/module-info.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/module-info.java
index c839f23cbf2..e567cc6d14c 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/module-info.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/module-info.java
@@ -259,6 +259,7 @@
     exports com.sun.tools.javac.resources to
         jdk.jshell;
     exports com.sun.tools.javac.code to
+        jdk.jdeps,
         jdk.javadoc,
         jdk.jshell;
     exports com.sun.tools.javac.comp to
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/code/ObjectValue.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/code/ObjectValue.java
index 1cbc1f71e02..14a29a269bb 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/code/ObjectValue.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/code/ObjectValue.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2009, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2009, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ public class ObjectValue extends ScopeValue {
   protected final int      id;
   private boolean          isRoot;
   private ScopeValue       klass;
+  private ScopeValue       properties;
   private List<ScopeValue> fieldsValue;
 
   // Field "boolean visited" is not implemented here since
@@ -44,12 +45,14 @@ public class ObjectValue extends ScopeValue {
   public ObjectValue(int id) {
     this.id = id;
     klass   = null;
+    properties = null;
     fieldsValue = new ArrayList<>();
   }
 
   public boolean isObject() { return true; }
   public int id() { return id; }
   public ScopeValue getKlass() { return klass; }
+  public ScopeValue getProperties() { return properties; }
   public List<ScopeValue> getFieldsValue() { return fieldsValue; }
   public ScopeValue getFieldAt(int i) { return fieldsValue.get(i); }
   public int fieldsSize() { return fieldsValue.size(); }
@@ -65,6 +68,7 @@ void readObject(DebugInfoReadStream stream) {
     isRoot = stream.readBoolean();
     klass = readFrom(stream);
     Assert.that(klass.isConstantOop(), "should be constant klass oop: " + klass);
+    properties = readFrom(stream);
     int length = stream.readInt();
     for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
       ScopeValue val = readFrom(stream);
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/interpreter/Bytecodes.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/interpreter/Bytecodes.java
index d661eb0eb2c..9dc58608d70 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/interpreter/Bytecodes.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/interpreter/Bytecodes.java
@@ -246,45 +246,47 @@ public class Bytecodes {
 
   // JVM bytecodes
   public static final int _fast_agetfield       = number_of_java_codes;
-  public static final int _fast_bgetfield       = 204;
-  public static final int _fast_cgetfield       = 205;
-  public static final int _fast_dgetfield       = 206;
-  public static final int _fast_fgetfield       = 207;
-  public static final int _fast_igetfield       = 208;
-  public static final int _fast_lgetfield       = 209;
-  public static final int _fast_sgetfield       = 210;
-  public static final int _fast_aputfield       = 211;
-  public static final int _fast_bputfield       = 212;
-  public static final int _fast_zputfield       = 213;
-  public static final int _fast_cputfield       = 214;
-  public static final int _fast_dputfield       = 215;
-  public static final int _fast_fputfield       = 216;
-  public static final int _fast_iputfield       = 217;
-  public static final int _fast_lputfield       = 218;
-  public static final int _fast_sputfield       = 219;
-  public static final int _fast_aload_0         = 220;
-  public static final int _fast_iaccess_0       = 221;
-  public static final int _fast_aaccess_0       = 222;
-  public static final int _fast_faccess_0       = 223;
-  public static final int _fast_iload           = 224;
-  public static final int _fast_iload2          = 225;
-  public static final int _fast_icaload         = 226;
-  public static final int _fast_invokevfinal    = 227;
-  public static final int _fast_linearswitch    = 228;
-  public static final int _fast_binaryswitch    = 229;
-  public static final int _fast_aldc            = 230;
-  public static final int _fast_aldc_w          = 231;
-  public static final int _return_register_finalizer = 232;
-  public static final int _invokehandle         = 233;
+  public static final int _fast_vgetfield       = 204;
+  public static final int _fast_bgetfield       = 205;
+  public static final int _fast_cgetfield       = 206;
+  public static final int _fast_dgetfield       = 207;
+  public static final int _fast_fgetfield       = 208;
+  public static final int _fast_igetfield       = 209;
+  public static final int _fast_lgetfield       = 210;
+  public static final int _fast_sgetfield       = 211;
+  public static final int _fast_aputfield       = 212;
+  public static final int _fast_vputfield       = 213;
+  public static final int _fast_bputfield       = 214;
+  public static final int _fast_zputfield       = 215;
+  public static final int _fast_cputfield       = 216;
+  public static final int _fast_dputfield       = 217;
+  public static final int _fast_fputfield       = 218;
+  public static final int _fast_iputfield       = 219;
+  public static final int _fast_lputfield       = 220;
+  public static final int _fast_sputfield       = 221;
+  public static final int _fast_aload_0         = 222;
+  public static final int _fast_iaccess_0       = 223;
+  public static final int _fast_aaccess_0       = 224;
+  public static final int _fast_faccess_0       = 225;
+  public static final int _fast_iload           = 226;
+  public static final int _fast_iload2          = 227;
+  public static final int _fast_icaload         = 228;
+  public static final int _fast_invokevfinal    = 229;
+  public static final int _fast_linearswitch    = 230;
+  public static final int _fast_binaryswitch    = 231;
+  public static final int _fast_aldc            = 232;
+  public static final int _fast_aldc_w          = 233;
+  public static final int _return_register_finalizer = 234;
+  public static final int _invokehandle         = 235;
 
   // Bytecodes rewritten at CDS dump time
-  public static final int _nofast_getfield      = 234;
-  public static final int _nofast_putfield      = 235;
-  public static final int _nofast_aload_0       = 236;
-  public static final int _nofast_iload         = 237;
-  public static final int _shouldnotreachhere   = 238; // For debugging
+  public static final int _nofast_getfield      = 236;
+  public static final int _nofast_putfield      = 237;
+  public static final int _nofast_aload_0       = 238;
+  public static final int _nofast_iload         = 239;
+  public static final int _shouldnotreachhere   = 240; // For debugging
 
-  public static final int number_of_codes       = 239;
+  public static final int number_of_codes       = 241;
 
   // Flag bits derived from format strings, can_trap, can_rewrite, etc.:
   // semantic flags:
@@ -780,6 +782,7 @@ private static void initialize() {
     //  bytecode               bytecode name           format   wide f.   result tp               stk traps  std code
 
     def(_fast_agetfield      , "fast_agetfield"      , "bJJ"  , null    , BasicType.getTObject() ,  0, true , _getfield       );
+    def(_fast_vgetfield      , "fast_vgetfield"      , "bJJ"  , null    , BasicType.getTObject() ,  0, true , _getfield       );
     def(_fast_bgetfield      , "fast_bgetfield"      , "bJJ"  , null    , BasicType.getTInt()    ,  0, true , _getfield       );
     def(_fast_cgetfield      , "fast_cgetfield"      , "bJJ"  , null    , BasicType.getTChar()   ,  0, true , _getfield       );
     def(_fast_dgetfield      , "fast_dgetfield"      , "bJJ"  , null    , BasicType.getTDouble() ,  0, true , _getfield       );
@@ -789,6 +792,7 @@ private static void initialize() {
     def(_fast_sgetfield      , "fast_sgetfield"      , "bJJ"  , null    , BasicType.getTShort()  ,  0, true , _getfield       );
 
     def(_fast_aputfield      , "fast_aputfield"      , "bJJ"  , null    , BasicType.getTObject() ,  0, true , _putfield       );
+    def(_fast_vputfield      , "fast_vputfield"      , "bJJ"  , null    , BasicType.getTObject() ,  0, true , _putfield       );
     def(_fast_bputfield      , "fast_bputfield"      , "bJJ"  , null    , BasicType.getTInt()    ,  0, true , _putfield       );
     def(_fast_zputfield      , "fast_zputfield"      , "bJJ"  , null    , BasicType.getTInt()    ,  0, true , _putfield       );
     def(_fast_cputfield      , "fast_cputfield"      , "bJJ"  , null    , BasicType.getTChar()   ,  0, true , _putfield       );
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/memory/FileMapInfo.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/memory/FileMapInfo.java
index 12b614e7fa8..a905a51f2d9 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/memory/FileMapInfo.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/memory/FileMapInfo.java
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ private static void initialize(TypeDataBase db) {
   }
 
   private static void populateMetadataTypeArray(TypeDataBase db) {
-    metadataTypeArray = new Type[11];
+    metadataTypeArray = new Type[14];
     // The order needs to match up with CPP_VTABLE_TYPES_DO in src/hotspot/share/cds/cppVtables.cpp
 
     metadataTypeArray[0] = db.lookupType("ConstantPool");
@@ -134,8 +134,11 @@ private static void populateMetadataTypeArray(TypeDataBase db) {
     metadataTypeArray[6] = db.lookupType("Method");
     metadataTypeArray[7] = db.lookupType("MethodData");
     metadataTypeArray[8] = db.lookupType("MethodCounters");
-    metadataTypeArray[9] = db.lookupType("ObjArrayKlass");
-    metadataTypeArray[10] = db.lookupType("TypeArrayKlass");
+    metadataTypeArray[9] = db.lookupType("TypeArrayKlass");
+    metadataTypeArray[10] = db.lookupType("ObjArrayKlass");
+    metadataTypeArray[11] = db.lookupType("RefArrayKlass");
+    metadataTypeArray[12] = db.lookupType("FlatArrayKlass");
+    metadataTypeArray[13] = db.lookupType("InlineKlass");
   }
 
   public FileMapHeader getHeader() {
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/AccessFlags.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/AccessFlags.java
index 66ebd6551a4..9b05b09a693 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/AccessFlags.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/AccessFlags.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ public AccessFlags(long flags) {
   public boolean isFinal       () { return (flags & JVM_ACC_FINAL       ) != 0; }
   public boolean isSynchronized() { return (flags & JVM_ACC_SYNCHRONIZED) != 0; }
   public boolean isSuper       () { return (flags & JVM_ACC_SUPER       ) != 0; }
+  public boolean isIdentity    () { return (flags & JVM_ACC_IDENTITY    ) != 0; }
   public boolean isVolatile    () { return (flags & JVM_ACC_VOLATILE    ) != 0; }
   public boolean isBridge      () { return (flags & JVM_ACC_BRIDGE      ) != 0; }
   public boolean isTransient   () { return (flags & JVM_ACC_TRANSIENT   ) != 0; }
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@ public AccessFlags(long flags) {
   public boolean isAnnotation  () { return (flags & JVM_ACC_ANNOTATION  ) != 0; }
   public boolean isInterface   () { return (flags & JVM_ACC_INTERFACE   ) != 0; }
   public boolean isAbstract    () { return (flags & JVM_ACC_ABSTRACT    ) != 0; }
-  public boolean isStrict      () { return (flags & JVM_ACC_STRICT      ) != 0; }
+  public boolean isStrict      () { return (flags & JVM_ACC_STRICT_INIT ) != 0; }
   public boolean isSynthetic   () { return (flags & JVM_ACC_SYNTHETIC   ) != 0; }
 
   public long getValue         () { return flags; }
@@ -64,6 +65,7 @@ public void printOn(PrintStream tty) {
     if (isStatic      ()) tty.print("static "      );
     if (isFinal       ()) tty.print("final "       );
     if (isSynchronized()) tty.print("synchronized ");
+    if (isIdentity    ()) tty.print("identity "    );
     if (isVolatile    ()) tty.print("volatile "    );
     if (isBridge      ()) tty.print("bridge "      );
     if (isTransient   ()) tty.print("transient "   );
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Array.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Array.java
index 61067e63707..add2f8b3118 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Array.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Array.java
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 import sun.jvm.hotspot.utilities.Observable;
 import sun.jvm.hotspot.utilities.Observer;
 
-// Array is an abstract superclass for TypeArray and ObjArray
+// Array is an abstract superclass for TypeArray, ObjArray, and FlatArray
 
 public class Array extends Oop {
   static {
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Field.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Field.java
index ebf571c7b0f..a14731ae89e 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Field.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Field.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -73,6 +73,8 @@ static class FieldInfoValues {
     int initialValueIndex;
     int genericSignatureIndex;
     int contendedGroup;
+    int layoutKind;
+    int nullMarkerOffset;
   }
 
   // The format of the stream, after decompression, is a series of
@@ -103,6 +105,12 @@ static FieldInfoValues readFieldInfoValues(CompressedReadStream crs) {
     if (fieldIsContended(fieldInfoValues.fieldFlags)) {
         fieldInfoValues.contendedGroup = crs.readInt();        // read contended group
     }
+    if (fieldIsFlat(fieldInfoValues.fieldFlags)) {
+        fieldInfoValues.layoutKind = crs.readInt();            // read LayoutKind as int
+    }
+    if (fieldHasNullMarker(fieldInfoValues.fieldFlags)) {
+        fieldInfoValues.nullMarkerOffset = crs.readInt();      // read null marker offset
+    }
     return fieldInfoValues;
   }
 
@@ -203,13 +211,16 @@ public int getFieldIndex() {
   private static boolean fieldIsGeneric(int flags)     { return ((flags >> InstanceKlass.FIELD_FLAG_IS_GENERIC    ) & 1 ) != 0; }
   private static boolean fieldIsStable(int flags)      { return ((flags >> InstanceKlass.FIELD_FLAG_IS_STABLE     ) & 1 ) != 0; }
   private static boolean fieldIsContended(int flags)   { return ((flags >> InstanceKlass.FIELD_FLAG_IS_CONTENDED  ) & 1 ) != 0; }
-
+  private static boolean fieldIsNullFreeInlineType(int flags) { return ((flags >> InstanceKlass.FIELD_FLAG_IS_NULL_FREE_INLINE) & 1 ) != 0; }
+  private static boolean fieldIsFlat(int flags)               { return ((flags >> InstanceKlass.FIELD_FLAG_IS_FLAT) & 1 ) != 0; }
+  private static boolean fieldHasNullMarker(int flags)         { return ((flags >> InstanceKlass.FIELD_FLAG_IS_NULL_MARKER) & 1 ) != 0; }
 
   public boolean isInitialized()             { return fieldIsInitialized(values.fieldFlags); }
   public boolean isInjected()                { return fieldIsInjected(values.fieldFlags); }
   public boolean isGeneric()                 { return fieldIsGeneric(values.fieldFlags); }
   public boolean isStable()                  { return fieldIsStable(values.fieldFlags); }
   public boolean isContended()               { return fieldIsContended(values.fieldFlags); }
+  public boolean isFlat()                    { return fieldIsFlat(values.fieldFlags); }
 
   public boolean equals(Object obj) {
      if (obj == null) {
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/FieldType.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/FieldType.java
index b7a37662c7a..3703c71578f 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/FieldType.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/FieldType.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/FlatArray.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/FlatArray.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..523378db5bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/FlatArray.java
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+package sun.jvm.hotspot.oops;
+
+import java.io.*;
+import java.util.*;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.*;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.runtime.*;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.types.*;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.utilities.Observable;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.utilities.Observer;
+
+// A FlatArray is an array containing flattened value objects.
+
+public class FlatArray extends Array {
+  static {
+    VM.registerVMInitializedObserver(new Observer() {
+        public void update(Observable o, Object data) {
+          initialize(VM.getVM().getTypeDataBase());
+        }
+      });
+  }
+
+  private static synchronized void initialize(TypeDataBase db) throws WrongTypeException {
+  }
+
+  FlatArray(OopHandle handle, ObjectHeap heap) {
+    super(handle, heap);
+  }
+
+  public boolean isFlatArray()         { return true; }
+
+  public void printValueOn(PrintStream tty) {
+    FlatArrayKlass klass = (FlatArrayKlass) getKlass();
+    klass.printValueOn(tty);
+  }
+
+  public void iterateFields(OopVisitor visitor, boolean doVMFields) {
+    super.iterateFields(visitor, doVMFields);
+    FlatArrayKlass klass = (FlatArrayKlass) getKlass();
+    int length = (int) getLength();
+    int type   = klass.getElementType();
+    //System.out.println("FlatArray.iterateFields: length:" + length + " type:" + type);
+    for (int index = 0; index < length; index++) {
+        // FIXME - call visitor.doXXX() for each component of each value object
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/FlatArrayKlass.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/FlatArrayKlass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4cafad9e5ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/FlatArrayKlass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+package sun.jvm.hotspot.oops;
+
+import java.io.*;
+import java.util.*;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.*;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.runtime.*;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.types.*;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.utilities.*;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.utilities.Observable;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.utilities.Observer;
+
+// FlatArrayKlass is a proxy for FlatArrayKlass in the JVM
+
+public class FlatArrayKlass extends ArrayKlass {
+  static {
+    VM.registerVMInitializedObserver(new Observer() {
+        public void update(Observable o, Object data) {
+          initialize(VM.getVM().getTypeDataBase());
+        }
+      });
+  }
+
+  private static synchronized void initialize(TypeDataBase db) throws WrongTypeException {
+    Type t = db.lookupType("FlatArrayKlass");
+    // TODO: implement similar features as in ObjArrayKlass
+  }
+
+  public FlatArrayKlass(Address addr) {
+    super(addr);
+  }
+
+  public void printValueOn(PrintStream tty) {
+    tty.print("FlatArrayKlass");
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/InlineKlass.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/InlineKlass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6015fd94500
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/InlineKlass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+package sun.jvm.hotspot.oops;
+
+import java.io.*;
+import java.util.*;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.*;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.memory.*;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.runtime.*;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.types.*;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.utilities.*;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.utilities.Observable;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.utilities.Observer;
+
+// An InstanceKlass is the VM level representation of a Java class.
+
+public class InlineKlass extends InstanceKlass {
+  static {
+    VM.registerVMInitializedObserver(new Observer() {
+        public void update(Observable o, Object data) {
+          initialize(VM.getVM().getTypeDataBase());
+        }
+      });
+  }
+
+  private static synchronized void initialize(TypeDataBase db) throws WrongTypeException {
+    // Just make sure it's there for now
+    Type type = db.lookupType("InlineKlass");
+  }
+
+  public InlineKlass(Address addr) {
+    super(addr);
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/InstanceKlass.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/InstanceKlass.java
index 785bb85e640..f5e7f8c84bb 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/InstanceKlass.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/InstanceKlass.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -53,6 +53,9 @@ public void update(Observable o, Object data) {
   static int FIELD_FLAG_IS_GENERIC;
   static int FIELD_FLAG_IS_STABLE;
   static int FIELD_FLAG_IS_CONTENDED;
+  static int FIELD_FLAG_IS_NULL_FREE_INLINE;
+  static int FIELD_FLAG_IS_FLAT;
+  static int FIELD_FLAG_IS_NULL_MARKER;
 
   // ClassState constants
   private static int CLASS_STATE_ALLOCATED;
@@ -73,6 +76,10 @@ public void update(Observable o, Object data) {
   public boolean isSuper()                  { return getAccessFlagsObj().isSuper(); }
   public boolean isSynthetic()              { return getAccessFlagsObj().isSynthetic(); }
 
+  public boolean supportsInlineTypes() {
+      return majorVersion() >= VALUE_TYPES_MAJOR_VERSION && minorVersion() == JAVA_PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION;
+  }
+
   private static synchronized void initialize(TypeDataBase db) throws WrongTypeException {
     Type type            = db.lookupType("InstanceKlass");
     annotations          = type.getAddressField("_annotations");
@@ -106,6 +113,9 @@ private static synchronized void initialize(TypeDataBase db) throws WrongTypeExc
     FIELD_FLAG_IS_GENERIC          = db.lookupIntConstant("FieldInfo::FieldFlags::_ff_generic");
     FIELD_FLAG_IS_STABLE           = db.lookupIntConstant("FieldInfo::FieldFlags::_ff_stable");
     FIELD_FLAG_IS_CONTENDED        = db.lookupIntConstant("FieldInfo::FieldFlags::_ff_contended");
+    FIELD_FLAG_IS_NULL_FREE_INLINE = db.lookupIntConstant("FieldInfo::FieldFlags::_ff_null_free_inline_type");
+    FIELD_FLAG_IS_FLAT             = db.lookupIntConstant("FieldInfo::FieldFlags::_ff_flat");
+    FIELD_FLAG_IS_NULL_MARKER      = db.lookupIntConstant("FieldInfo::FieldFlags::_ff_null_marker");
 
 
     // read ClassState constants
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Klass.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Klass.java
index 561c4683d29..912a6ec16f9 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Klass.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Klass.java
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ public void update(Observable o, Object data) {
   public static int LH_HEADER_SIZE_SHIFT;
   public static int LH_ARRAY_TAG_SHIFT;
   public static int LH_ARRAY_TAG_TYPE_VALUE;
-  public static int LH_ARRAY_TAG_OBJ_VALUE;
+
 
   private static synchronized void initialize(TypeDataBase db) throws WrongTypeException {
     Type type    = db.lookupType("Klass");
@@ -73,7 +73,6 @@ private static synchronized void initialize(TypeDataBase db) throws WrongTypeExc
     LH_HEADER_SIZE_SHIFT       = db.lookupIntConstant("Klass::_lh_header_size_shift").intValue();
     LH_ARRAY_TAG_SHIFT         = db.lookupIntConstant("Klass::_lh_array_tag_shift").intValue();
     LH_ARRAY_TAG_TYPE_VALUE    = db.lookupIntConstant("Klass::_lh_array_tag_type_value").intValue();
-    LH_ARRAY_TAG_OBJ_VALUE     = db.lookupIntConstant("Klass::_lh_array_tag_obj_value").intValue();
   }
 
 
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Metadata.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Metadata.java
index 1ba1f817c5c..088b3cff49f 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Metadata.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Metadata.java
@@ -64,8 +64,11 @@ private static synchronized void initialize(TypeDataBase db) throws WrongTypeExc
     metadataConstructor.addMapping("InstanceRefKlass", InstanceRefKlass.class);
     metadataConstructor.addMapping("InstanceClassLoaderKlass", InstanceClassLoaderKlass.class);
     metadataConstructor.addMapping("InstanceStackChunkKlass", InstanceStackChunkKlass.class);
+    metadataConstructor.addMapping("InlineKlass", InlineKlass.class);
     metadataConstructor.addMapping("TypeArrayKlass", TypeArrayKlass.class);
     metadataConstructor.addMapping("ObjArrayKlass", ObjArrayKlass.class);
+    metadataConstructor.addMapping("RefArrayKlass", RefArrayKlass.class);
+    metadataConstructor.addMapping("FlatArrayKlass", FlatArrayKlass.class);
     metadataConstructor.addMapping("Method", Method.class);
     metadataConstructor.addMapping("ConstMethod", ConstMethod.class);
     metadataConstructor.addMapping("ConstantPool", ConstantPool.class);
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Method.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Method.java
index d16fa61a6b4..101ba8b3ee9 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Method.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Method.java
@@ -102,6 +102,7 @@ private static String objectInitializerName() {
     }
     return objectInitializerName;
   }
+
   private static String classInitializerName() {
     if (classInitializerName == null) {
       classInitializerName = "<clinit>";
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/ObjectHeap.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/ObjectHeap.java
index c71cb3156ea..baf0c2e4e26 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/ObjectHeap.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/ObjectHeap.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -180,6 +180,7 @@ public Oop newOop(OopHandle handle) {
     Klass klass = Oop.getKlassForOopHandle(handle);
     if (klass != null) {
       if (klass instanceof TypeArrayKlass) return new TypeArray(handle, this);
+      if (klass instanceof FlatArrayKlass) return new FlatArray(handle, this);
       if (klass instanceof ObjArrayKlass) return new ObjArray(handle, this);
       if (klass instanceof InstanceKlass) return new Instance(handle, this);
     }
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Oop.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Oop.java
index 951499974fa..d565a5b0000 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Oop.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Oop.java
@@ -104,6 +104,7 @@ public long getObjectSize() {
   public boolean isArray()             { return false; }
   public boolean isObjArray()          { return false; }
   public boolean isTypeArray()         { return false; }
+  public boolean isFlatArray()         { return false; }
   public boolean isThread()            { return false; }
 
   // Align the object size.
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/RefArrayKlass.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/RefArrayKlass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4b265acb542
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/RefArrayKlass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+package sun.jvm.hotspot.oops;
+
+import java.io.*;
+import java.util.*;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.*;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.runtime.*;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.types.*;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.utilities.*;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.utilities.Observable;
+import sun.jvm.hotspot.utilities.Observer;
+
+// RefArrayKlass is the klass for RefArrays
+
+public class RefArrayKlass extends ObjArrayKlass {
+  static {
+    VM.registerVMInitializedObserver(new Observer() {
+        public void update(Observable o, Object data) {
+          initialize(VM.getVM().getTypeDataBase());
+        }
+      });
+  }
+
+  private static synchronized void initialize(TypeDataBase db) throws WrongTypeException {
+    Type type = db.lookupType("RefArrayKlass");
+  }
+
+  public RefArrayKlass(Address addr) {
+    super(addr);
+  }
+
+};
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/ClassConstants.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/ClassConstants.java
index 7f9a6b4b49d..c248b24735f 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/ClassConstants.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/ClassConstants.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -77,6 +77,10 @@ public interface ClassConstants
     public static final short MAJOR_VERSION_OLD = 46;
     public static final short MINOR_VERSION_OLD = 0;
 
+    // Value types major and minor versions.
+    public static final short VALUE_TYPES_MAJOR_VERSION = 70;
+    public static final short JAVA_PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION = (short) 65535;
+
     // From jvm.h
     public static final long JVM_ACC_PUBLIC       = 0x0001; /* visible to everyone */
     public static final long JVM_ACC_PRIVATE      = 0x0002; /* visible only to the defining class */
@@ -85,6 +89,7 @@ public interface ClassConstants
     public static final long JVM_ACC_FINAL        = 0x0010; /* no further subclassing, overriding */
     public static final long JVM_ACC_SYNCHRONIZED = 0x0020; /* wrap method call in monitor lock */
     public static final long JVM_ACC_SUPER        = 0x0020; /* funky handling of invokespecial */
+    public static final long JVM_ACC_IDENTITY     = 0x0020; /* identity class for 27 and above */
     public static final long JVM_ACC_VOLATILE     = 0x0040; /* can not cache in registers */
     public static final long JVM_ACC_BRIDGE       = 0x0040; /* bridge method generated by compiler */
     public static final long JVM_ACC_TRANSIENT    = 0x0080; /* not persistent */
@@ -93,6 +98,7 @@ public interface ClassConstants
     public static final long JVM_ACC_INTERFACE    = 0x0200; /* class is an interface */
     public static final long JVM_ACC_ABSTRACT     = 0x0400; /* no definition provided */
     public static final long JVM_ACC_STRICT       = 0x0800; /* strict floating point */
+    public static final long JVM_ACC_STRICT_INIT  = 0x0800; /* strict field initialization */
     public static final long JVM_ACC_SYNTHETIC    = 0x1000; /* compiler-generated class, method or field */
     public static final long JVM_ACC_ANNOTATION   = 0x2000; /* annotation type */
     public static final long JVM_ACC_ENUM         = 0x4000; /* field is declared as element of enum */
@@ -102,6 +108,7 @@ public interface ClassConstants
     public static final long JVM_RECOGNIZED_CLASS_MODIFIERS   = (JVM_ACC_PUBLIC |
                                                                  JVM_ACC_FINAL |
                                                                  JVM_ACC_SUPER |
+                                                                 JVM_ACC_IDENTITY |
                                                                  JVM_ACC_INTERFACE |
                                                                  JVM_ACC_ABSTRACT |
                                                                  JVM_ACC_ANNOTATION |
@@ -117,6 +124,7 @@ public interface ClassConstants
                                                                 JVM_ACC_VOLATILE |
                                                                 JVM_ACC_TRANSIENT |
                                                                 JVM_ACC_ENUM |
+                                                                JVM_ACC_STRICT_INIT |
                                                                 JVM_ACC_SYNTHETIC);
 
     public static final long JVM_RECOGNIZED_METHOD_MODIFIERS  = (JVM_ACC_PUBLIC |
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/tools/jcore/ClassWriter.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/tools/jcore/ClassWriter.java
index e1d40b586b4..328a3117a68 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/tools/jcore/ClassWriter.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/tools/jcore/ClassWriter.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -371,11 +371,12 @@ protected void writeSuperClass() throws IOException {
     protected void writeInterfaces() throws IOException {
         KlassArray interfaces = klass.getLocalInterfaces();
         final int len = interfaces.length();
+        int nb_interfaces = len;
 
-        if (DEBUG) debugMessage("number of interfaces = " + len);
+        if (DEBUG) debugMessage("number of interfaces = " + nb_interfaces);
 
         // write interfaces count
-        dos.writeShort((short) len);
+        dos.writeShort((short) nb_interfaces);
         for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            Klass k = interfaces.getAt(i);
            Short index = classToIndex.get(k.getName().asString());
@@ -851,8 +852,17 @@ protected void writeClassAttributes() throws IOException {
             dos.writeShort(numInnerClasses);
             if (DEBUG) debugMessage("class has " + numInnerClasses + " inner class entries");
 
-            for (int index = 0; index < numInnerClasses * 4; index++) {
-                dos.writeShort(innerClasses.at(index));
+            for (int index = 0; index < numInnerClasses * 4; ) {
+                dos.writeShort(innerClasses.at(index++));
+                dos.writeShort(innerClasses.at(index++));
+                dos.writeShort(innerClasses.at(index++));
+
+                short accFlag = innerClasses.at(index++);
+                if (!klass.supportsInlineTypes()) {
+                    // Filter out ACC_IDENTITY from access flags for inner class.
+                    accFlag &= ~ (short) JVM_ACC_IDENTITY;
+                }
+                dos.writeShort(accFlag);
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/utilities/HeapHprofBinWriter.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/utilities/HeapHprofBinWriter.java
index 2745e1f0783..21e9fa999d8 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/utilities/HeapHprofBinWriter.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/utilities/HeapHprofBinWriter.java
@@ -1203,7 +1203,11 @@ private void writeField(Field field, Oop oop) throws IOException {
             break;
         case JVM_SIGNATURE_CLASS:
         case JVM_SIGNATURE_ARRAY: {
-            if (VM.getVM().isCompressedOopsEnabled()) {
+            if (field.isFlat()) {
+              // FIXME - we don't handle flattened fields yet. Just treat them
+              // as a null reference. See JDK-8381370.
+              writeObjectID(null);
+            } else if (VM.getVM().isCompressedOopsEnabled()) {
               OopHandle handle = ((NarrowOopField)field).getValueAsOopHandle(oop);
               writeObjectID(getAddressValue(handle));
             } else {
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javap/AttributeWriter.java b/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javap/AttributeWriter.java
index 6f7463a4498..3156fd92325 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javap/AttributeWriter.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javap/AttributeWriter.java
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 import java.lang.classfile.TypeAnnotation;
 import java.lang.classfile.attribute.*;
 import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.ModuleEntry;
+import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.NameAndTypeEntry;
 import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.PoolEntry;
 import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.Utf8Entry;
 import java.lang.reflect.AccessFlag;
@@ -66,6 +67,7 @@ public static AttributeWriter instance(Context context) {
     protected AttributeWriter(Context context) {
         super(context);
         context.put(AttributeWriter.class, this);
+        classWriter = ClassWriter.instance(context);
         annotationWriter = AnnotationWriter.instance(context);
         codeWriter = CodeWriter.instance(context);
         constantWriter = ConstantWriter.instance(context);
@@ -218,7 +220,8 @@ public void write(Attribute<?> a, CodeAttribute lr, ClassFileFormatVersion cffv)
                             indent(+1);
                             first = false;
                         }
-                        for (var flag : maskToAccessFlagsReportUnknown(access_flags, AccessFlag.Location.INNER_CLASS, cffv)) {
+                        var flagSet = maskToAccessFlagsReportUnknown(access_flags, AccessFlag.Location.INNER_CLASS, cffv);
+                        for (var flag : flagSet) {
                             if (flag.sourceModifier() && (flag != AccessFlag.ABSTRACT
                                     || !info.has(AccessFlag.INTERFACE))) {
                                 print(flag.name().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT) + " ");
@@ -243,6 +246,12 @@ public void write(Attribute<?> a, CodeAttribute lr, ClassFileFormatVersion cffv)
                             constantWriter.write(info.outerClass().get().index());
                         }
                         println();
+                        if (options.verbose) {
+                            indent(1);
+                            classWriter.writeList(String.format("flags: (0x%04x) ", access_flags),
+                                    flagSet, "\n");
+                            indent(-1);
+                        }
                     }
                 }
                 if (!first)
@@ -534,6 +543,14 @@ public void write(Attribute<?> a, CodeAttribute lr, ClassFileFormatVersion cffv)
                 }
                 indent(-1);
             }
+            case LoadableDescriptorsAttribute attr -> {
+                println("LoadableDescriptors:");
+                indent(+1);
+                for (var sc : attr.loadableDescriptors()) {
+                    println(constantWriter.stringValue(sc));
+                }
+                indent(-1);
+            }
             case SignatureAttribute attr -> {
                 print("Signature: #" + attr.signature().index());
                 tab();
@@ -569,6 +586,25 @@ public void write(Attribute<?> a, CodeAttribute lr, ClassFileFormatVersion cffv)
                     } else {
                         int offsetDelta = lr.labelToBci(frame.target()) - lastOffset - 1;
                         switch (frameType) {
+                            case 246 -> {
+                                printHeader(frameType, "/* early_larval */");
+                                indent(+1);
+                                println("number of unset_fields = " + frame.unsetFields().size());
+                                    indent(+1);
+                                    for (NameAndTypeEntry field : frame.unsetFields()) {
+                                        print("unset_field = #");
+                                        constantWriter.write(field.index());
+                                        println();
+                                    }
+                                    // temporary: print the nested contents of early larval
+                                    indent(+1);
+                                    println("offset_delta = " + offsetDelta);
+                                    printMap("locals", frame.locals(), lr);
+                                    printMap("stack", frame.stack(), lr);
+                                    indent(-1);
+                                    indent(-1);
+                                indent(-1);
+                            }
                             case 247 -> {
                                 printHeader(frameType, "/* same_locals_1_stack_item_frame_extended */");
                                 indent(+1);
@@ -752,6 +788,7 @@ static String toHex(byte[] ba) {
         return sb.toString();
     }
 
+    private final ClassWriter classWriter;
     private final AnnotationWriter annotationWriter;
     private final CodeWriter codeWriter;
     private final ConstantWriter constantWriter;
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javap/BasicWriter.java b/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javap/BasicWriter.java
index 1780eb1297d..398e977aa47 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javap/BasicWriter.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javap/BasicWriter.java
@@ -29,12 +29,11 @@
 import java.lang.classfile.AccessFlags;
 import java.lang.reflect.AccessFlag;
 import java.lang.reflect.ClassFileFormatVersion;
-import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
-import java.util.EnumMap;
-import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.function.Supplier;
 
+import jdk.internal.reflect.PreviewAccessFlags;
+
 /*
  *  A writer similar to a PrintWriter but which does not hide exceptions.
  *  The standard print calls are line-buffered; report calls write messages directly.
@@ -59,6 +58,15 @@ protected Set<AccessFlag> flagsReportUnknown(AccessFlags flags, ClassFileFormatV
     }
 
     protected Set<AccessFlag> maskToAccessFlagsReportUnknown(int mask, AccessFlag.Location location, ClassFileFormatVersion cffv) {
+        if (cffv == null) {
+            try {
+                return PreviewAccessFlags.maskToAccessFlags(mask, location);
+            } catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
+                mask &= PreviewAccessFlags.flagsMask(location);
+                report("Access Flags: " + ex.getMessage());
+                return PreviewAccessFlags.maskToAccessFlags(mask, location);
+            }
+        }
         try {
             return AccessFlag.maskToAccessFlags(mask, location, cffv);
         } catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javap/ClassWriter.java b/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javap/ClassWriter.java
index 1067dd0d6cb..4a8265654fa 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javap/ClassWriter.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javap/ClassWriter.java
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@
 
 package com.sun.tools.javap;
 
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Source;
+
 import java.lang.classfile.AccessFlags;
 import java.lang.classfile.Attributes;
 import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
@@ -122,8 +124,7 @@ protected ClassFileFormatVersion cffv() {
             // something not representable by CFFV, let's fall back
             return ClassFileFormatVersion.latest();
         if (major >= JAVA_12_VERSION && classModel.minorVersion() != 0) {
-            // preview versions aren't explicitly supported, but latest is good enough for now
-            return ClassFileFormatVersion.latest();
+            return null;
         }
         return ClassFileFormatVersion.fromMajor(major);
     }
@@ -167,7 +168,7 @@ public boolean write(ClassModel cm) {
             indent(-1);
         }
 
-        writeModifiers(getClassModifiers(cm.flags()));
+        writeModifiers(getClassModifiers(cm.flags(), classModel.majorVersion(), classModel.minorVersion()));
 
         if ((classModel.flags().flagsMask() & ACC_MODULE) != 0) {
             var attr = classModel.findAttribute(Attributes.module());
@@ -810,6 +811,22 @@ private Set<String> getClassModifiers(AccessFlags flags) {
         return getModifiers(set);
     }
 
+    private Set<String> getClassModifiers(AccessFlags flags, int majorVersion, int minorVersion) {
+        boolean previewClassFile = minorVersion == ClassFile.PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION;
+        Set<AccessFlag> flagSet = flagsReportUnknown(flags, cffv());
+        if (flagSet.contains(AccessFlag.INTERFACE)) {
+            flagSet = EnumSet.copyOf(flagSet);
+            flagSet.remove(AccessFlag.ABSTRACT);
+        } else if (Source.isSupported(Source.Feature.VALUE_CLASSES, majorVersion) && previewClassFile) {
+            Set<String> classModifers = getModifiers(flagSet);
+            if (!flagSet.contains(AccessFlag.IDENTITY)) {
+                classModifers.add("value");
+            }
+            return classModifers;
+        }
+        return getModifiers(flagSet);
+    }
+
     private static Set<String> getModifiers(Set<AccessFlag> flags) {
         Set<String> s = new LinkedHashSet<>();
         for (var f : flags)
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javap/StackMapWriter.java b/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javap/StackMapWriter.java
index 5b7de2a4565..fa7528ddaa0 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javap/StackMapWriter.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javap/StackMapWriter.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2009, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2009, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 
 package com.sun.tools.javap;
 
+import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.NameAndTypeEntry;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
@@ -98,10 +99,29 @@ private void writeDetails(int pc) {
         if (m != null) {
             print("StackMap locals: ", m.locals(), true);
             print("StackMap stack: ", m.stack(), false);
+            if (m.locals().contains(StackMapFrameInfo.SimpleVerificationTypeInfo.UNINITIALIZED_THIS)) {
+                printFields("StackMap unset fields: ", m.unsetFields());
+            }
         }
 
     }
 
+    void printFields(String label, List<NameAndTypeEntry> entries) {
+        print(label);
+        boolean first = true;
+        for (var e : entries) {
+            if (!first) {
+                print(", ");
+            } else {
+                first = false;
+            }
+            print(e::name);
+            print(":");
+            print(e::type);
+        }
+        println();
+    }
+
     void print(String label, List<StackMapFrameInfo.VerificationTypeInfo> entries,
             boolean firstThis) {
         print(label);
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/com/sun/tools/jdeprscan/Main.java b/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/com/sun/tools/jdeprscan/Main.java
index f77d29a8bfa..87b4503cc82 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/com/sun/tools/jdeprscan/Main.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/com/sun/tools/jdeprscan/Main.java
@@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ boolean processRelease(String release, Collection<String> classes) throws IOExce
                              .noneMatch(n -> n.equals(release))) {
                 return false;
             }
-            JavaFileManager fm = pp.getPlatformTrusted(release).getFileManager();
+            JavaFileManager fm = pp.getPlatformTrusted(release, "").getFileManager();
             List<String> classNames = new ArrayList<>();
             for (JavaFileObject fo : fm.list(StandardLocation.PLATFORM_CLASS_PATH,
                                              "",
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/module-info.java b/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/module-info.java
index e996f66b7d4..5bb9d9a8613 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/module-info.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdeps/share/classes/module-info.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+import jdk.internal.javac.ParticipatesInPreview;
+
 /**
  * Defines tools for analysing dependencies in Java libraries and programs,
  * including the <em>{@index jdeps jdeps tool}</em>,
@@ -60,6 +62,7 @@
  * @moduleGraph
  * @since 9
  */
+@ParticipatesInPreview  // Uses Valhalla reflective preview APIs, StackMapTable
 module jdk.jdeps {
     requires java.compiler;
     requires jdk.compiler;
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/ObjectReference.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/ObjectReference.java
index f53b8acbb8b..33ea1b7ae1f 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/ObjectReference.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/ObjectReference.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -52,7 +52,20 @@
  * takes <code>ObjectReference</code> as parameter may throw
  * {@link ObjectCollectedException} if the mirrored object has been
  * garbage collected.
- *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ * <h2><a id=valueObjects>Value Objects</a></h2>
+ * If preview features are enabled, JDI supports value objects and classes.
+ * However, the support does in some cases deviate from identity object
+ * support in behavior or expectations as noted below:
+ * <p>
+ * If an ObjectReference is obtained for a value object under construction,
+ * it will be for a <em>snapshot</em> of the value object at that point in time.
+ * Any further changes to the initialization state of the value object will not
+ * be reflected in this ObjectReference. A new ObjectReference would need to
+ * be obtained to see the updated state. See {@link StackFrame#thisObject}.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  * @author Robert Field
  * @author Gordon Hirsch
  * @author James McIlree
@@ -87,6 +100,12 @@ public interface ObjectReference extends Value {
      * The Field must be valid for this ObjectReference;
      * that is, it must be from
      * the mirrored object's class or a superclass of that class.
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     * If preview features are enabled, this method does not prevent a
+     * strictly-initialized field from being read before it has been initialized.
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
      *
      * @param sig the field containing the requested value
      * @return the {@link Value} of the instance field.
@@ -100,6 +119,12 @@ public interface ObjectReference extends Value {
      * The Fields must be valid for this ObjectReference;
      * that is, they must be from
      * the mirrored object's class or a superclass of that class.
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     * If preview features are enabled, this method does not prevent a
+     * strictly-initialized field from being read before it has been initialized.
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
      *
      * @param fields a list of {@link Field} objects containing the
      * requested values.
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/ReferenceType.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/ReferenceType.java
index 043acc839f7..66664db999d 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/ReferenceType.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/ReferenceType.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -519,7 +519,12 @@ default ModuleReference module() {
      * The Field must be valid for this type;
      * that is, it must be declared in this type, a superclass, a
      * superinterface, or an implemented interface.
-     *
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     * If preview features are enabled, this method does not prevent a
+     * strictly-initialized field from being read before it has been initialized.
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
      * @param field the field containing the requested value
      * @return the {@link Value} of the instance field.
      * @throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException if the field is not valid for
@@ -533,6 +538,12 @@ default ModuleReference module() {
      * The Fields must be valid for this type;
      * that is, they must be declared in this type, a superclass, a
      * superinterface, or an implemented interface.
+     * <div class="preview-block">
+     *      <div class="preview-comment">
+     * If preview features are enabled, this method does not prevent a
+     * strictly-initialized field from being read before it has been initialized.
+     *      </div>
+     * </div>
      *
      * @param fields a list of {@link Field} objects containing the
      * requested values.
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/StackFrame.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/StackFrame.java
index f00bc206f85..570a167038c 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/StackFrame.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/StackFrame.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -96,6 +96,14 @@ public interface StackFrame extends Mirror, Locatable {
      * Returns the value of 'this' for the current frame.
      * The {@link ObjectReference} for 'this' is only available for
      * non-native instance methods.
+     * <p>
+     * If 'this' is a {@linkplain
+     * ObjectReference##valueObjects value object<sup class="preview-mark">PREVIEW</sup>}
+     * under construction, the returned {@code ObjectReference} will refer to a
+     * <em>snapshot</em> of the value object, not a reference
+     * to the actual value object under construction. Consequently, the returned
+     * {@code ObjectReference} will not reflect changes to the value object that
+     * happen later during construction.
      *
      * @return an {@link ObjectReference}, or null if the frame represents
      * a native or static method.
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/ThreadReference.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/ThreadReference.java
index 67b8e391bf3..88f42b27142 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/ThreadReference.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/ThreadReference.java
@@ -454,9 +454,10 @@ List<MonitorInfo> ownedMonitorsAndFrames()
      * Events, such as MethodExit, are generated as they would be in
      * a normal return.
      * <p>
-     * The called method must be a non-native Java programming
-     * language method. Forcing return on a thread with only one
-     * frame on the stack causes the thread to exit when resumed.
+     * The called method must not be a native method or the constructor of
+     * a {@linkplain Class#isValue() value class}. Forcing early return
+     * on a thread with only one frame on the stack causes the thread to
+     * exit when resumed.
      * <p>
      * The <code>value</code> argument is the value that the
      * method is to return.
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/Value.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/Value.java
index 42afbc2bfdf..19a0c98d169 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/Value.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/Value.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -31,6 +31,16 @@
  * The mirror for a value in the target VM.
  * This interface is the root of a
  * value hierarchy encompassing primitive values and object values.
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ *      <div class="preview-comment">
+ * When preview features are enabled, JDI supports value classes. A "value class"
+ * as supported in the Java language is not related to the JDI Value interface.
+ * A "value class" is a class declared with the "value" modifier. The JDI
+ * Value interface is used by JDI to mirror a value in the debuggee VM. For more
+ * information on value classes, see Section {@jls value-objects-8.1.1.5 Value Classes}
+ * of <cite>The Java Language Specification</cite>.
+ *      </div>
+ * </div>
  * <P>
  * Some examples of where values may be accessed:
  * <BLOCKQUOTE><TABLE role="presentation">
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/BreakpointRequest.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/BreakpointRequest.java
index 05e9645b9e7..61e69328a4f 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/BreakpointRequest.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/BreakpointRequest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -74,8 +74,8 @@ public interface BreakpointRequest extends EventRequest, Locatable {
 
     /**
      * Restricts the events generated by this request to those in
-     * which the currently executing instance is the object
-     * specified.
+     * which the currently executing instance ("this") is the object
+     * specified as determined by applying the "==" operator.
      * <P>
      * Not all targets support this operation.
      * Use {@link VirtualMachine#canUseInstanceFilters()}
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/ExceptionRequest.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/ExceptionRequest.java
index b6713601a97..dc150b19454 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/ExceptionRequest.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/ExceptionRequest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ public interface ExceptionRequest extends EventRequest {
     /**
      * Restricts the events generated by this request to those in
      * which the currently executing instance ("this") is the object
-     * specified.
+     * specified as determined by applying the "==" operator.
      * <P>
      * Not all targets support this operation.
      * Use {@link VirtualMachine#canUseInstanceFilters()}
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MethodEntryRequest.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MethodEntryRequest.java
index a9b075221de..22de8d34ff0 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MethodEntryRequest.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MethodEntryRequest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ public interface MethodEntryRequest extends EventRequest {
     /**
      * Restricts the events generated by this request to those in
      * which the currently executing instance ("this") is the object
-     * specified.
+     * specified as determined by applying the "==" operator.
      * <P>
      * Not all targets support this operation.
      * Use {@link VirtualMachine#canUseInstanceFilters()}
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MethodExitRequest.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MethodExitRequest.java
index 77fefd405af..dd20f9e360e 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MethodExitRequest.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MethodExitRequest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ public interface MethodExitRequest extends EventRequest {
     /**
      * Restricts the events generated by this request to those in
      * which the currently executing instance ("this") is the object
-     * specified.
+     * specified as determined by applying the "==" operator.
      * <P>
      * Not all targets support this operation.
      * Use {@link VirtualMachine#canUseInstanceFilters()}
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorContendedEnterRequest.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorContendedEnterRequest.java
index c0adcfccf7c..a4bee836db2 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorContendedEnterRequest.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorContendedEnterRequest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ public interface MonitorContendedEnterRequest extends EventRequest {
     /**
      * Restricts the events generated by this request to those in
      * which the currently executing instance ("this") is the object
-     * specified.
+     * specified as determined by applying the "==" operator.
      * <P>
      * Not all targets support this operation.
      * Use {@link VirtualMachine#canUseInstanceFilters()}
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorContendedEnteredRequest.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorContendedEnteredRequest.java
index 953d53764d8..b9f55df9550 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorContendedEnteredRequest.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorContendedEnteredRequest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ public interface MonitorContendedEnteredRequest extends EventRequest {
     /**
      * Restricts the events generated by this request to those in
      * which the currently executing instance ("this") is the object
-     * specified.
+     * specified as determined by applying the "==" operator.
      * <P>
      * Not all targets support this operation.
      * Use {@link VirtualMachine#canUseInstanceFilters()}
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorWaitRequest.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorWaitRequest.java
index 4dcf0f8a38a..9eec1681f9e 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorWaitRequest.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorWaitRequest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ public interface MonitorWaitRequest extends EventRequest {
     /**
      * Restricts the events generated by this request to those in
      * which the currently executing instance ("this") is the object
-     * specified.
+     * specified as determined by applying the "==" operator.
      * <P>
      * Not all targets support this operation.
      * Use {@link VirtualMachine#canUseInstanceFilters()}
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorWaitedRequest.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorWaitedRequest.java
index 6a3b62c1943..54770ccb2dd 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorWaitedRequest.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorWaitedRequest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ public interface MonitorWaitedRequest extends EventRequest {
     /**
      * Restricts the events generated by this request to those in
      * which the currently executing instance ("this") is the object
-     * specified.
+     * specified as determined by applying the "==" operator.
      * <P>
      * Not all targets support this operation.
      * Use {@link VirtualMachine#canUseInstanceFilters()}
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/StepRequest.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/StepRequest.java
index 5c34f8fd2ff..34fef102e85 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/StepRequest.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/StepRequest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ public interface StepRequest extends EventRequest {
     /**
      * Restricts the events generated by this request to those in
      * which the currently executing instance ("this") is the object
-     * specified.
+     * specified as determined by applying the "==" operator.
      * <P>
      * Not all targets support this operation.
      * Use {@link VirtualMachine#canUseInstanceFilters()}
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/WatchpointRequest.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/WatchpointRequest.java
index 81f1edf2e6f..e242ea520eb 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/WatchpointRequest.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/WatchpointRequest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ public interface WatchpointRequest extends EventRequest {
     /**
      * Restricts the events generated by this request to those in
      * which the currently executing instance ("this") is the object
-     * specified.
+     * specified as determined by applying the "==" operator.
      * <P>
      * Not all targets support this operation.
      * Use {@link VirtualMachine#canUseInstanceFilters()}
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/tools/jdi/ClassTypeImpl.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/tools/jdi/ClassTypeImpl.java
index e2b7da2854b..5de5e1c86ba 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/tools/jdi/ClassTypeImpl.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/tools/jdi/ClassTypeImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -131,6 +131,18 @@ public boolean isEnum() {
         return false;
     }
 
+    /* No longer needed, but kept for future reference
+    public boolean isValueClass() {
+        if (!vm.supportsValueClasses()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (modifiers == -1) {
+            getModifiers();
+        }
+        return (modifiers & VMModifiers.IDENTITY) == 0;
+    }
+    */
+
     public void setValue(Field field, Value value)
         throws InvalidTypeException, ClassNotLoadedException {
 
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/tools/jdi/ObjectReferenceImpl.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/tools/jdi/ObjectReferenceImpl.java
index f71591b8ef5..03653fd718b 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/tools/jdi/ObjectReferenceImpl.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/tools/jdi/ObjectReferenceImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -145,13 +145,25 @@ public boolean vmNotSuspended(VMAction action) {
         }
     }
 
+    /* No longer needed, but kept for future reference
+    boolean isValueObject() {
+        if (referenceType() instanceof ClassTypeImpl classType) {
+            return classType.isValueClass();
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+    */
+
     public boolean equals(Object obj) {
         if (obj instanceof ObjectReferenceImpl other) {
-            return (ref() == other.ref()) &&
-                   super.equals(obj);
-        } else {
-            return false;
+            if (!super.equals(obj)) { // checks if the references belong to the same VM
+                return false;
+            }
+            if (ref() == other.ref()) {
+                return true;
+            }
         }
+        return false;
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/tools/jdi/VMModifiers.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/tools/jdi/VMModifiers.java
index 9a4286e107b..1fdd1a62bbe 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/tools/jdi/VMModifiers.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/tools/jdi/VMModifiers.java
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ public interface VMModifiers {
     int STATIC = 0x00000008;        /* instance variable is static */
     int FINAL = 0x00000010;         /* no further subclassing, overriding */
     int SYNCHRONIZED = 0x00000020;  /* wrap method call in monitor lock */
+    int IDENTITY = 0x0020;          /* identity (not value) class */
     int VOLATILE = 0x00000040;      /* can cache in registers */
     int BRIDGE = 0x00000040;        /* Bridge method generated by compiler */
     int TRANSIENT = 0x00000080;     /* not persistent */
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/tools/jdi/VirtualMachineImpl.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/tools/jdi/VirtualMachineImpl.java
index fa051eae278..dd70a88e386 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/tools/jdi/VirtualMachineImpl.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/tools/jdi/VirtualMachineImpl.java
@@ -835,6 +835,10 @@ boolean mayCreateVirtualThreads() {
         return versionInfo().jdwpMajor >= 19;
     }
 
+    public boolean supportsValueClasses() {
+        return versionInfo().jdwpMajor >= 27;
+    }
+
     public void setDebugTraceMode(int traceFlags) {
         validateVM();
         this.traceFlags = traceFlags;
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdwp.agent/share/native/libjdwp/ObjectReferenceImpl.c b/src/jdk.jdwp.agent/share/native/libjdwp/ObjectReferenceImpl.c
index 1c50c20b868..b7af92853af 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdwp.agent/share/native/libjdwp/ObjectReferenceImpl.c
+++ b/src/jdk.jdwp.agent/share/native/libjdwp/ObjectReferenceImpl.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdwp.agent/share/native/libjdwp/commonRef.c b/src/jdk.jdwp.agent/share/native/libjdwp/commonRef.c
index 9950198190f..af888ebf5f1 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdwp.agent/share/native/libjdwp/commonRef.c
+++ b/src/jdk.jdwp.agent/share/native/libjdwp/commonRef.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -44,6 +44,8 @@
  * as the object id prevents ambiguity in the object id when the weak ref
  * is reused. The RefNode* is stored with the object as it's JVMTI Tag.
  *
+ * References to value objects are always strong.
+ *
  * The ref member is changed from weak to strong when
  * gc of the object is to be prevented.
  * Whether or not it is strong, it is never exported from this module.
@@ -87,7 +89,7 @@ newSeqNum(void)
 static jboolean
 isStrong(RefNode* node)
 {
-    return node->isPinAll || node->isCommonPin;
+    return !node->hasIdentity || node->isPinAll || node->isCommonPin;
 }
 
 /* Create a fresh RefNode structure, create a weak ref and tag the object */
@@ -98,6 +100,7 @@ createNode(JNIEnv *env, jobject ref)
     jobject    strongOrWeakRef;
     jvmtiError error;
     jboolean   pinAll = gdata->pinAllCount != 0;
+    jboolean   hasIdentity;
 
     /* Could allocate RefNode's in blocks, not sure it would help much */
     node = (RefNode*)jvmtiAllocate((int)sizeof(RefNode));
@@ -105,7 +108,9 @@ createNode(JNIEnv *env, jobject ref)
         return NULL;
     }
 
-    if (pinAll) {
+    hasIdentity = JNI_FUNC_PTR(env,HasIdentity)(env, ref);
+
+    if (pinAll || !hasIdentity) {
         /* Create strong reference to make sure we have a reference */
         strongOrWeakRef = JNI_FUNC_PTR(env,NewGlobalRef)(env, ref);
     } else {
@@ -136,6 +141,7 @@ createNode(JNIEnv *env, jobject ref)
     /* Fill in RefNode */
     node->ref         = strongOrWeakRef;
     node->count       = 1;
+    node->hasIdentity = hasIdentity;
     node->isPinAll    = pinAll;
     node->isCommonPin = JNI_FALSE;
     node->seqNum      = newSeqNum();
@@ -201,7 +207,7 @@ strengthenNode(JNIEnv *env, RefNode *node, jboolean isPinAll)
 static jweak
 weakenNode(JNIEnv *env, RefNode *node, jboolean isUnpinAll)
 {
-    jboolean willStillBeStrong = (node->isPinAll && !isUnpinAll) || (node->isCommonPin && isUnpinAll);
+    jboolean willStillBeStrong = !node->hasIdentity || (node->isPinAll && !isUnpinAll) || (node->isCommonPin && isUnpinAll);
 
     // If the node is strong, but the reason(s) for it being strong
     // will no longer exist, then weaken it.
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdwp.agent/share/native/libjdwp/util.c b/src/jdk.jdwp.agent/share/native/libjdwp/util.c
index 980c622cc48..3146d0cfe16 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdwp.agent/share/native/libjdwp/util.c
+++ b/src/jdk.jdwp.agent/share/native/libjdwp/util.c
@@ -351,7 +351,6 @@ writeFieldValue(JNIEnv *env, PacketOutputStream *out, jobject object,
     /*
      * For primitive types, the type key is bounced back as is.
      */
-
     (void)outStream_writeByte(out, typeKey);
 
     switch (typeKey) {
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdwp.agent/share/native/libjdwp/util.h b/src/jdk.jdwp.agent/share/native/libjdwp/util.h
index 0975ddeb4fd..d7e2b05b689 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdwp.agent/share/native/libjdwp/util.h
+++ b/src/jdk.jdwp.agent/share/native/libjdwp/util.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ typedef struct RefNode {
     jobject      ref;           /* could be strong or weak */
     struct RefNode *next;       /* next RefNode* in bucket chain */
     jint         count;         /* count of references */
+    jboolean     hasIdentity  ; /* references to non-identity objects are always strong */
     jboolean     isPinAll;      /* true if this is a strong reference due to a commonRef_pinAll() */
     jboolean     isCommonPin;   /* true if this is a strong reference due to a commonRef_pin() */
 } RefNode;
diff --git a/src/jdk.unsupported/share/classes/sun/misc/Unsafe.java b/src/jdk.unsupported/share/classes/sun/misc/Unsafe.java
index b0a27d368ff..47caff7d2ad 100644
--- a/src/jdk.unsupported/share/classes/sun/misc/Unsafe.java
+++ b/src/jdk.unsupported/share/classes/sun/misc/Unsafe.java
@@ -891,6 +891,7 @@ public void freeMemory(long address) {
      */
     @Deprecated(since="18", forRemoval=true)
     @ForceInline
+    @SuppressWarnings("preview")
     public long objectFieldOffset(Field f) {
         if (f == null) {
             throw new NullPointerException();
@@ -902,6 +903,9 @@ public long objectFieldOffset(Field f) {
         if (declaringClass.isRecord()) {
             throw new UnsupportedOperationException("can't get field offset on a record class: " + f);
         }
+        if (declaringClass.isValue()) {
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException("can't get field offset on a value class: " + f);
+        }
         beforeMemoryAccess();
         return theInternalUnsafe.objectFieldOffset(f);
     }
@@ -931,6 +935,7 @@ public long objectFieldOffset(Field f) {
      */
     @Deprecated(since="18", forRemoval=true)
     @ForceInline
+    @SuppressWarnings("preview")
     public long staticFieldOffset(Field f) {
         if (f == null) {
             throw new NullPointerException();
@@ -942,6 +947,9 @@ public long staticFieldOffset(Field f) {
         if (declaringClass.isRecord()) {
             throw new UnsupportedOperationException("can't get field offset on a record class: " + f);
         }
+        if (declaringClass.isValue()) {
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException("can't get field offset on a value class: " + f);
+        }
         beforeMemoryAccess();
         return theInternalUnsafe.staticFieldOffset(f);
     }
@@ -963,6 +971,7 @@ public long staticFieldOffset(Field f) {
      */
     @Deprecated(since="18", forRemoval=true)
     @ForceInline
+    @SuppressWarnings("preview")
     public Object staticFieldBase(Field f) {
         if (f == null) {
             throw new NullPointerException();
@@ -974,6 +983,9 @@ public Object staticFieldBase(Field f) {
         if (declaringClass.isRecord()) {
             throw new UnsupportedOperationException("can't get base address on a record class: " + f);
         }
+        if (declaringClass.isValue()) {
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException("can't get field offset on a value class: " + f);
+        }
         beforeMemoryAccess();
         return theInternalUnsafe.staticFieldBase(f);
     }
diff --git a/src/jdk.unsupported/share/classes/sun/reflect/ReflectionFactory.java b/src/jdk.unsupported/share/classes/sun/reflect/ReflectionFactory.java
index e671e1db526..56590157049 100644
--- a/src/jdk.unsupported/share/classes/sun/reflect/ReflectionFactory.java
+++ b/src/jdk.unsupported/share/classes/sun/reflect/ReflectionFactory.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -68,6 +68,11 @@ public static ReflectionFactory getReflectionFactory() {
      * @param cl the class to instantiate
      * @param constructorToCall the constructor to call
      * @return an accessible constructor
+     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the constructor to call is
+     *         not suitable for the class to instantiate, such as if the
+     *         constructor is not of the given class or one of its supertypes,
+     *         or this constructor would skip initialization of
+     *         strictly-initialized fields
      */
     public Constructor<?> newConstructorForSerialization(Class<?> cl,
                                                          Constructor<?> constructorToCall)
@@ -78,11 +83,14 @@ public Constructor<?> newConstructorForSerialization(Class<?> cl,
 
     /**
      * Returns an accessible no-arg constructor for a class.
-     * The no-arg constructor is found searching the class and its supertypes.
+     * The no-arg constructor is found searching the class and its supertypes,
+     * and must ensure that all strictly-initialized fields
+     * declared in the class and its supertypes are properly initialized.
      *
      * @param cl the class to instantiate
-     * @return a no-arg constructor for the class or {@code null} if
-     *     the class or supertypes do not have a suitable no-arg constructor
+     * @return a no-arg constructor for the class, or {@code null} if the
+     *         class or supertypes do not have a suitable no-arg constructor
+     *         or if the class is a value class
      */
     public final Constructor<?> newConstructorForSerialization(Class<?> cl)
     {
diff --git a/src/utils/IdealGraphVisualizer/ServerCompiler/src/main/resources/com/sun/hotspot/igv/servercompiler/filters/showTypes.filter b/src/utils/IdealGraphVisualizer/ServerCompiler/src/main/resources/com/sun/hotspot/igv/servercompiler/filters/showTypes.filter
index a50729080a8..d233c1443e7 100644
--- a/src/utils/IdealGraphVisualizer/ServerCompiler/src/main/resources/com/sun/hotspot/igv/servercompiler/filters/showTypes.filter
+++ b/src/utils/IdealGraphVisualizer/ServerCompiler/src/main/resources/com/sun/hotspot/igv/servercompiler/filters/showTypes.filter
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 //   "[5:]Class"
 function simplify_reference_type(type) {
   // Clean up interface lists in reference types.
-  var m = /(.*)\(.*\)(.*)/.exec(type);
+  var m = /(.*) \([^\)]*\)(.*)/.exec(type);
   if (m != null && typeof m[1] != 'undefined' && typeof m[2] != 'undefined') {
     type = m[1] + m[2];
   }
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ function simplify_reference_type(type) {
 
 // Remove fixed input types for calls and simplify references.
 function simplifyType(type) {
+  var original_type = type;
   var callTypeStart = "{0:control, 1:abIO, 2:memory, 3:rawptr:BotPTR, 4:return_address";
   if (type.startsWith(callTypeStart)) {
     // Exclude types of the first five outputs of call-like nodes.
@@ -40,6 +41,10 @@ function simplifyType(type) {
     type = simplify_reference_type(type);
   }
   type = type.replace(">=", "≥").replace("<=", "≤");
+  if (original_type.indexOf("(flat in array)") !== -1) {
+    // Always append "flat in array" property last if found in original type.
+    type += " (flat in array)";
+  }
   return type;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/utils/LogCompilation/src/main/java/com/sun/hotspot/tools/compiler/Constants.java b/src/utils/LogCompilation/src/main/java/com/sun/hotspot/tools/compiler/Constants.java
index 2f3a7e7debf..f4b46961a07 100644
--- a/src/utils/LogCompilation/src/main/java/com/sun/hotspot/tools/compiler/Constants.java
+++ b/src/utils/LogCompilation/src/main/java/com/sun/hotspot/tools/compiler/Constants.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2009, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ interface Constants {
     static final int  JVM_ACC_INTERFACE     = 0x0200;  /* class is an interface */
     static final int  JVM_ACC_ABSTRACT      = 0x0400;  /* no definition provided */
     static final int  JVM_ACC_STRICT        = 0x0800;  /* strict floating point */
+    static final int  JVM_ACC_STRICT_INIT   = 0x0800;  /* strict field initialization */
     static final int  JVM_ACC_SYNTHETIC     = 0x1000;  /* compiler-generated class, method or field */
     static final int  JVM_ACC_ANNOTATION    = 0x2000;  /* annotation type */
     static final int  JVM_ACC_ENUM          = 0x4000;  /* field is declared as element of enum */
diff --git a/test/docs/ProblemList.txt b/test/docs/ProblemList.txt
index 6d496f62a21..b08cb9519c9 100644
--- a/test/docs/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/docs/ProblemList.txt
@@ -56,3 +56,4 @@
 
 #############################################################################
 
+# Value Objects failures start here:
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/code/test_vtableStub.cpp b/test/hotspot/gtest/code/test_vtableStub.cpp
index 74b39d017e7..60287ab5a06 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/gtest/code/test_vtableStub.cpp
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/code/test_vtableStub.cpp
@@ -32,24 +32,24 @@ TEST_VM(code, vtableStubs) {
   // Should be in VM to use locks
   ThreadInVMfromNative ThreadInVMfromNative(JavaThread::current());
 
-  VtableStubs::find_vtable_stub(0); // min vtable index
+  VtableStubs::find_vtable_stub(0, false); // min vtable index
   for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++) {
-    VtableStubs::find_vtable_stub((1 << i) - 1);
-    VtableStubs::find_vtable_stub((1 << i));
+    VtableStubs::find_vtable_stub((1 << i) - 1, false);
+    VtableStubs::find_vtable_stub((1 << i), false);
   }
-  VtableStubs::find_vtable_stub((1 << 15) - 1); // max vtable index
+  VtableStubs::find_vtable_stub((1 << 15) - 1, false); // max vtable index
 }
 
 TEST_VM(code, itableStubs) {
   // Should be in VM to use locks
   ThreadInVMfromNative ThreadInVMfromNative(JavaThread::current());
 
-  VtableStubs::find_itable_stub(0); // min itable index
+  VtableStubs::find_itable_stub(0, false); // min itable index
   for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++) {
-    VtableStubs::find_itable_stub((1 << i) - 1);
-    VtableStubs::find_itable_stub((1 << i));
+    VtableStubs::find_itable_stub((1 << i) - 1, false);
+    VtableStubs::find_itable_stub((1 << i), false);
   }
-  VtableStubs::find_itable_stub((1 << 15) - 1); // max itable index
+  VtableStubs::find_itable_stub((1 << 15) - 1, false); // max itable index
 }
 
 #endif
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/gc/shared/test_preservedMarks.cpp b/test/hotspot/gtest/gc/shared/test_preservedMarks.cpp
index ce3576cc7ad..2f699f16d33 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/gtest/gc/shared/test_preservedMarks.cpp
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/gc/shared/test_preservedMarks.cpp
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 #include "unittest.hpp"
 
 static markWord originalMark() { return markWord(markWord::lock_mask_in_place); }
-static markWord changedMark()  { return markWord(0x4711); }
+static markWord changedMark()  { return markWord().copy_set_hash(0x4711); }
 
 #define ASSERT_MARK_WORD_EQ(a, b) ASSERT_EQ((a).value(), (b).value())
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/oops/test_flatArrayOop.cpp b/test/hotspot/gtest/oops/test_flatArrayOop.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..eab45acebeb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/oops/test_flatArrayOop.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include "oops/flatArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "unittest.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
+
+// INTENTIONALLY SMALL BACKING, SHOULD ONLY CONTAIN METADATA + A FEW ELEMENTS.
+static unsigned char memory[1024];
+
+// Do not perform operations on the array's memory without ensuring that the
+// backing is large enough and you will not go out of bounds.
+static flatArrayOop fake_flat_array(int length) {
+  flatArrayOop farr = flatArrayOop(cast_to_oop(memory));
+  // We can't ensure the backing for the length, but we can still do pointer
+  // arithmetic and e.g. ensure that the resulting pointers didn't overflow.
+  farr->set_length(length);
+  return farr;
+}
+
+// What FlatArrayKlass::array_layout_helper does, but w/o InlineKlass
+static int make_lh(int payload_size_bytes, bool null_free) {
+  BasicType etype = T_FLAT_ELEMENT;
+  int esize = log2i_exact(round_up_power_of_2(payload_size_bytes));
+  int hsize = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(etype);
+  return Klass::array_layout_helper(Klass::_lh_array_tag_flat_value, null_free, hsize, etype, esize);
+}
+
+static void ensure_no_overflow(flatArrayOop farr, int lh) {
+  void* vaa_small = farr->value_at_addr(123, lh);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(vaa_small >= farr);
+  void* vaa_large = farr->value_at_addr(321999888, lh);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(vaa_large >= farr);
+}
+
+TEST_VM(flatArrayOopDesc, value_at_addr_intbox_nullable) {
+  flatArrayOop farr = fake_flat_array(500000000);
+  ensure_no_overflow(farr, make_lh(8, false));
+}
+
+
+TEST_VM(flatArrayOopDesc, value_at_addr_intbox_null_free) {
+  flatArrayOop farr = fake_flat_array(500000000);
+  ensure_no_overflow(farr, make_lh(4, true));
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/oops/test_instanceKlass.cpp b/test/hotspot/gtest/oops/test_instanceKlass.cpp
index ac489b786fd..089f49dc57c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/gtest/oops/test_instanceKlass.cpp
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/oops/test_instanceKlass.cpp
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ TEST_VM(FieldDescriptor, access_flag_printer) {
   ASSERT_TRUE(integer_klass->find_local_field(min_value_symbol, vmSymbols::int_signature(), &fd))
       << "Integer.MIN_VALUE must exist";
   fd.print_on(&st);
-  ASSERT_THAT(st.base(), HasSubstr("public static final 'MIN_VALUE' 'I'")) << "Must print field access flags";
+  ASSERT_THAT(st.base(), HasSubstr("public static final 'MIN_VALUE' (fields 0x00000008) 'I'")) << "Must print field access flags";
 
   st.reset();
   Symbol* thread_state_symbol = SymbolTable::new_symbol("java/lang/Thread$State");
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ TEST_VM(FieldDescriptor, access_flag_printer) {
       << "Thread.State.NEW must exist";
 
   enum_fd.print_on(&st);
-  ASSERT_THAT(st.base(), HasSubstr("public static final enum 'NEW' 'Ljava/lang/Thread$State;'"))
+  ASSERT_THAT(st.base(), HasSubstr("public static final enum 'NEW' (fields 0x00000000) 'Ljava/lang/Thread$State;'"))
       << "Must print enum field access flags";
 }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/oops/test_markWord.cpp b/test/hotspot/gtest/oops/test_markWord.cpp
index f894acb5d1b..35a8c7bb66f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/gtest/oops/test_markWord.cpp
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/oops/test_markWord.cpp
@@ -40,12 +40,18 @@
 // The test doesn't work for PRODUCT because it needs WizardMode
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 
-static void assert_test_pattern(Handle object, const char* pattern) {
+template<typename Printable>
+static void assert_test_pattern(Printable object, const char* pattern) {
   stringStream st;
   object->print_on(&st);
   ASSERT_THAT(st.base(), testing::HasSubstr(pattern));
 }
 
+template<typename Printable>
+static void assert_mark_word_print_pattern(Printable object, const char* pattern) {
+  assert_test_pattern(object, pattern);
+}
+
 class LockerThread : public JavaTestThread {
   oop _obj;
   public:
@@ -85,13 +91,13 @@ TEST_VM(markWord, printing) {
   // Thread tries to lock it.
   {
     ObjectLocker ol(h_obj, THREAD);
-    assert_test_pattern(h_obj, "locked");
+    assert_mark_word_print_pattern(h_obj, "locked");
   }
-  assert_test_pattern(h_obj, "is_unlocked no_hash");
+  assert_mark_word_print_pattern(h_obj, "is_unlocked no_hash");
 
   // Hash the object then print it.
   intx hash = h_obj->identity_hash();
-  assert_test_pattern(h_obj, "is_unlocked hash=0x");
+  assert_mark_word_print_pattern(h_obj, "is_unlocked hash=0x");
 
   // Wait gets the lock inflated.
   {
@@ -107,4 +113,124 @@ TEST_VM(markWord, printing) {
     done.wait_with_safepoint_check(THREAD);  // wait till the thread is done.
   }
 }
+
+static void assert_unlocked_state(markWord mark) {
+  EXPECT_FALSE(mark.has_displaced_mark_helper());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(mark.is_fast_locked());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(mark.has_monitor());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(mark.is_locked());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(mark.is_unlocked());
+}
+
+static void assert_copy_set_hash(markWord mark) {
+  const intptr_t hash = 4711;
+  EXPECT_TRUE(mark.has_no_hash());
+  markWord copy = mark.copy_set_hash(hash);
+  EXPECT_EQ(hash, copy.hash());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(copy.has_no_hash());
+}
+
+static void assert_type(markWord mark) {
+  EXPECT_FALSE(mark.is_flat_array());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(mark.is_inline_type());
+}
+
+TEST_VM(markWord, prototype) {
+  markWord mark = markWord::prototype();
+  assert_unlocked_state(mark);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(mark.is_neutral());
+
+  assert_type(mark);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(mark.has_no_hash());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(mark.is_marked());
+
+  assert_copy_set_hash(mark);
+  assert_type(mark);
+}
+
+static void assert_inline_type(markWord mark) {
+  EXPECT_FALSE(mark.is_flat_array());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(mark.is_inline_type());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(mark.is_null_free_array());
+}
+
+TEST_VM(markWord, inline_type_prototype) {
+  markWord mark = markWord::inline_type_prototype();
+  assert_unlocked_state(mark);
+  // Don't call mark.is_neutral() on value class instances
+  assert_test_pattern(&mark, " inline_type");
+
+  assert_inline_type(mark);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(mark.has_no_hash());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(mark.is_marked());
+}
+
+#if _LP64
+
+static void assert_flat_array_type(markWord mark) {
+  EXPECT_TRUE(mark.is_flat_array());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(mark.is_inline_type());
+}
+
+TEST_VM(markWord, null_free_flat_array_prototype) {
+  markWord mark = markWord::flat_array_prototype(true /* null_free */);
+  assert_unlocked_state(mark);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(mark.is_neutral());
+
+  assert_flat_array_type(mark);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(mark.is_null_free_array());
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(mark.has_no_hash());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(mark.is_marked());
+
+  assert_copy_set_hash(mark);
+  assert_flat_array_type(mark);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(mark.is_null_free_array());
+
+  assert_test_pattern(&mark, " flat_null_free_array");
+}
+
+TEST_VM(markWord, nullable_flat_array_prototype) {
+  markWord mark = markWord::flat_array_prototype(false /* null_free */);
+  assert_unlocked_state(mark);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(mark.is_neutral());
+
+  assert_flat_array_type(mark);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(mark.is_null_free_array());
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(mark.has_no_hash());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(mark.is_marked());
+
+  assert_copy_set_hash(mark);
+  assert_flat_array_type(mark);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(mark.is_null_free_array());
+
+  assert_test_pattern(&mark, " flat_array");
+}
+
+static void assert_null_free_array_type(markWord mark) {
+  EXPECT_FALSE(mark.is_flat_array());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(mark.is_inline_type());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(mark.is_null_free_array());
+}
+
+TEST_VM(markWord, null_free_array_prototype) {
+  markWord mark = markWord::null_free_array_prototype();
+  assert_unlocked_state(mark);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(mark.is_neutral());
+
+  assert_null_free_array_type(mark);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(mark.has_no_hash());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(mark.is_marked());
+
+  assert_copy_set_hash(mark);
+  assert_null_free_array_type(mark);
+
+  assert_test_pattern(&mark, " null_free_array");
+}
+#endif // _LP64
+
 #endif // PRODUCT
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/oops/test_objArrayOop.cpp b/test/hotspot/gtest/oops/test_objArrayOop.cpp
index f6a53a3031f..1dd8cf75254 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/gtest/oops/test_objArrayOop.cpp
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/oops/test_objArrayOop.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -22,14 +23,20 @@
  */
 
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.hpp"
+#include "oops/refArrayOop.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayOop.hpp"
 #include "unittest.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 
-TEST_VM(objArrayOop, osize) {
-  static const struct {
-    int objal; bool coops; bool coh; int result;
-  } x[] = {
-//    ObjAligInB, UseCoops, UseCOH, object size in heap words
+TEST_VM(objArrayOop, osize_refarray) {
+  struct ObjArrayStruct {
+    int objal;  // Object alignment in bytes
+    bool coops; // UseCompressedOops
+    bool coh;   // UseCompactObjectHeaders
+    int result; // Expected size in heap words
+  };
+
+  static const ObjArrayStruct refCases[] = {
 #ifdef _LP64
     { 8,          false, false,   3 },  // 16 byte header, 8 byte oops
     { 8,          true,  false,   3 },  // 16 byte header, 4 byte oops
@@ -46,12 +53,52 @@ TEST_VM(objArrayOop, osize) {
 #else
     { 8,          false, false,   4 }, // 12 byte header, 4 byte oops, wordsize 4
 #endif
-    { -1,         false, false,  -1 }
   };
-  for (int i = 0; x[i].result != -1; i++) {
-    if (x[i].objal == (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes && x[i].coops == UseCompressedOops &&
-        x[i].coh == UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
-      EXPECT_EQ(objArrayOopDesc::object_size(1), (size_t)x[i].result);
+
+  for (const ObjArrayStruct c : refCases) {
+    if (c.objal == (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes && c.coops == UseCompressedOops &&
+        c.coh == UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+      EXPECT_EQ(refArrayOopDesc::object_size(1), (size_t)c.result);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+static int make_flat_array_layout_helper(int payload_size_bytes, bool null_free) {
+  BasicType etype = T_FLAT_ELEMENT;
+  int esize = log2i_exact(round_up_power_of_2(payload_size_bytes));
+  int hsize = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(etype);
+  return Klass::array_layout_helper(Klass::_lh_array_tag_flat_value, null_free, hsize, etype, esize);
+}
+
+TEST_VM(objArrayOop, osize_flatarray) {
+  struct FlatArraySizeCase {
+    int objal;        // Object alignment in bytes
+    int payload_size; // Raw inline payload size
+    bool null_free;   // Null free
+    int result;       // Expected size in heap words
+  };
+
+  static const FlatArraySizeCase flatCases[] = {
+#ifdef _LP64
+ {8,   4, false, 3},
+ {8,   8, false, 3},
+ {8,   4, true,  3},
+ {8,   8, true,  3},
+ {16,  4, false, 4},
+ {16,  8, false, 4},
+ {16,  4, true,  4},
+ {16,  8, true,  4},
+ {256, 4, false, 32},
+ {256, 8, false, 32},
+ {256, 4, true,  32},
+ {256, 8, true,  32},
+#endif
+  };
+
+  for (const FlatArraySizeCase c : flatCases) {
+    if (c.objal == (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes) {
+      int lh = make_flat_array_layout_helper(c.payload_size, c.null_free);
+      EXPECT_EQ(flatArrayOopDesc::object_size(lh, 1), c.result);
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_classPrinter.cpp b/test/hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_classPrinter.cpp
index 9b6d47f09bc..744858dcc33 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_classPrinter.cpp
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_classPrinter.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 #include "classfile/classPrinter.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
 #include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
@@ -55,11 +56,20 @@ TEST_VM(ClassPrinter, print_classes) {
   ClassPrinter::print_classes("java.lang.Integer", 0x20, &s3);
   const char* o3 = s3.freeze();
   ASSERT_THAT(o3, HasSubstr("class: java/lang/Integer mirror:")) << "must find java/lang/Integer";
-  ASSERT_THAT(o3, HasSubstr("InstanceKlass: java.lang.Integer {0x")) << "must print InstanceKlass";
+  Klass::KlassKind kind = Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()
+                              ? Klass::InlineKlassKind
+                              : Klass::InstanceKlassKind;
+  stringStream headerExpected;
+  headerExpected.print("InstanceKlass (kind=%d): java.lang.Integer {0x", kind);
+  ASSERT_THAT(o3, HasSubstr(headerExpected.freeze())) << "must print InstanceKlass";
   ASSERT_THAT(o3, HasSubstr("Java mirror oop for java/lang/Integer:")) << "must print mirror oop";
 #if GTEST_USES_POSIX_RE
   // Complex regex not available on Windows
-  ASSERT_THAT(o3, ContainsRegex("public static final 'MIN_VALUE' 'I'.* -2147483648 [(]0x80000000[)]")) << "must print static fields";
+  const char* re = Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()
+                       ? "public static final value 'MIN_VALUE' [(]fields 0x00000008[)] 'I'.* -2147483648 [(]0x80000000[)]"
+                       : "public static final 'MIN_VALUE' [(]fields 0x00000008[)] 'I'.* -2147483648 [(]0x80000000[)]";
+
+  ASSERT_THAT(o3, ContainsRegex(re)) << "must print static fields";
 #endif
 }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-AotJdk.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-AotJdk.txt
index 3ebe405a046..bb5793cd4a3 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-AotJdk.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-AotJdk.txt
@@ -73,3 +73,4 @@ compiler/arraycopy/TestCloneWithStressReflectiveCode.java 8323727 generic-all
 
 #############################################################################
 
+# Value Objects failures start here:
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-StaticJdk.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-StaticJdk.txt
index ce22258d04a..cbab3a03361 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-StaticJdk.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-StaticJdk.txt
@@ -52,3 +52,4 @@ gtest/NMTGtests.java#nmt-summary                        8356201 generic-all
 
 #############################################################################
 
+# Value Objects failures start here:
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Virtual.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Virtual.txt
index 14601f2ba6f..e25d3d644a1 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Virtual.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Virtual.txt
@@ -97,3 +97,5 @@ vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ThreadReference/isSuspended/issuspended002/TestDescription.ja
 # implementation or test code.
 
 #############################################################################
+
+# Value Objects failures start here:
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt
index c6b00618617..1262c1698bd 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt
@@ -61,3 +61,6 @@ gc/arguments/TestNewSizeFlags.java 8299116 macosx-aarch64
 
 #############################################################################
 
+# Value Objects failures start here:
+runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/AOTMapTest.java#valhalla 8388438 generic-all
+runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedFlatArrayTest.java 8388438 generic-all
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-enable-preview.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-enable-preview.txt
index b28670c9839..b7c2a76b46f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-enable-preview.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-enable-preview.txt
@@ -33,3 +33,11 @@
 #
 #############################################################################
 
+# Value Objects failures start here:
+
+# Compiler:
+
+# Runtime:
+runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeFlags.java#default_gc 8382398 generic-all
+runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeFlags.java#parallel   8382398 generic-all
+runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeFlags.java#Z          8382398 generic-all
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-jvmti-stress-agent.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-jvmti-stress-agent.txt
index 656c223ed2b..5b253fbff3b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-jvmti-stress-agent.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-jvmti-stress-agent.txt
@@ -107,3 +107,4 @@ serviceability/jvmti/HeapMonitor/MyPackage/HeapMonitorVMEventsTest.java#id1
 
 #############################################################################
 
+# Value Objects failures start here:
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-zgc.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-zgc.txt
index 2985b11bf25..049eea314a0 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-zgc.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-zgc.txt
@@ -46,3 +46,5 @@ vmTestbase/gc/gctests/MemoryEaterMT/MemoryEaterMT.java        8289582   windows-
 
 #############################################################################
 
+# Value Objects failures start here:
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
index 71e626e5b39..64fc16aae16 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
@@ -71,6 +71,8 @@ compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestBCEscapeAnalyzerOverflow.java 8387392 windows-aarch6
 
 compiler/vectorapi/VectorStoreMaskIdentityTest.java 8388281 generic-all
 
+compiler/igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java 8388490 generic-all
+
 #############################################################################
 
 # :hotspot_gc
@@ -193,3 +195,20 @@ vmTestbase/nsk/monitoring/ThreadMXBean/findMonitorDeadlockedThreads/find006/Test
 # implementation or test code.
 
 #############################################################################
+
+# Value Objects failures start here:
+applications/ctw/modules/java_base.java 8375645 generic-all
+applications/ctw/modules/java_base_2.java 8375645 generic-all
+
+compiler/codegen/TestRedundantLea.java#Spill                            8361089 generic-all
+
+compiler/vectorapi/TestVectorReassociations.java 8388927 generic-all
+
+serviceability/sa/TestJhsdbJstackMixedWithXComp.java#xcomp-disable-tiered-compilation 8386674 linux-aarch64
+
+vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/IterateOverReachableObjects/iterreachobj002/TestDescription.java 8384882 linux-all
+
+# The following test failure(s) DID NOT reproduce during Tier[1-8] testing
+# done for 8377828. Further analysis was done with 8376235 and just one
+# sub-test needed to remain on the ProblemList via 8361089.
+compiler/codegen/TestRedundantLea.java#RegexFind          8361089 generic-all
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.ROOT b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.ROOT
index 77f48171522..27ef85a967c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.ROOT
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.ROOT
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ requires.extraPropDefns.vmOpts = \
     --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED
 requires.properties= \
     sun.arch.data.model \
+    java.enablePreview \
     vm.simpleArch \
     vm.bits \
     vm.flightRecorder \
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
index be35aeec3b3..390f4e491a1 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ hotspot_gc = \
 
 # By design this group should include ALL tests under runtime sub-directory
 hotspot_runtime = \
-  runtime
+  runtime \
 
 hotspot_runtime_no_cds = \
   runtime \
@@ -62,6 +62,17 @@ hotspot_handshake = \
 hotspot_serviceability = \
   serviceability
 
+hotspot_valhalla = \
+  runtime/valhalla \
+  compiler/valhalla \
+  serviceability/jvmti/valhalla
+
+hotspot_valhalla_runtime = \
+  runtime/valhalla
+
+hotspot_valhalla_adopted = \
+   gc/stress/gcbasher
+
 hotspot_resourcehogs = \
   resourcehogs
 
@@ -205,6 +216,7 @@ tier1_compiler_3 = \
   compiler/types/ \
   compiler/uncommontrap/ \
   compiler/unsafe/ \
+  compiler/valhalla/ \
   compiler/vectorization/ \
   -compiler/intrinsics/bmi \
   -compiler/intrinsics/mathexact \
@@ -213,7 +225,16 @@ tier1_compiler_3 = \
   -compiler/intrinsics/zip/TestAdler32.java \
   -compiler/loopopts/Test7052494.java \
   -compiler/memoryinitialization/ZeroTLABTest.java \
-  -compiler/runtime/Test6826736.java
+  -compiler/runtime/Test6826736.java \
+  -compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestVirtualThreads.java
+
+tier1_compiler_3_no_valhalla = \
+  :tier1_compiler_3 \
+  -compiler/valhalla
+
+tier1_compiler_3_valhalla = \
+  :tier1_compiler_3 \
+  -:tier1_compiler_3_no_valhalla
 
 tier2_compiler = \
   compiler/allocation/ \
@@ -246,6 +267,11 @@ tier3_compiler = \
   -:tier1_compiler \
   -:tier2_compiler
 
+tier1_compiler_no_valhalla = \
+  :tier1_compiler_1 \
+  :tier1_compiler_2 \
+  :tier1_compiler_3_no_valhalla
+
 ctw_1 = \
   applications/ctw/modules/ \
   -:ctw_2 \
@@ -319,8 +345,11 @@ tier1_gc_shenandoah = \
   gtest/ShenandoahGtests.java
 
 tier2_gc_shenandoah = \
+  compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestWrongFlatArrayCopyStubWithShenandoah.java \
   runtime/MemberName/MemberNameLeak.java \
   runtime/CompressedOops/UseCompressedOops.java \
+  runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatArrayCopyingTest.java \
+  runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineOops.java \
   gc/TestHumongousReferenceObject.java \
   gc/TestSystemGC.java \
   gc/arguments/TestDisableDefaultGC.java \
@@ -400,6 +429,10 @@ tier1_runtime = \
  -runtime/signal \
  -runtime/stack
 
+tier1_runtime_no_valhalla = \
+  :tier1_runtime \
+  -runtime/valhalla
+
 hotspot_cds = \
   runtime/cds/ \
   runtime/CompressedOops/
@@ -518,7 +551,9 @@ hotspot_aot_classlinking = \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/aotProfile \
+ -runtime/cds/appcds/ArchivedFieldMetadataMismatchTest.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/BadBSM.java \
+ -runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedFlatArrayTest.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchiveHeapTestClass.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedIntegerCacheTest.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedModuleCompareTest.java \
@@ -533,6 +568,7 @@ hotspot_aot_classlinking = \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/DumpClassListWithLF.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/dynamicArchive \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/HelloExtTest.java \
+ -runtime/cds/appcds/InlineFieldExclusionTest.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/classpathtests/EmptyClassInBootClassPath.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/ExactOptionMatch.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/JigsawOptionsCombo.java \
@@ -561,6 +597,7 @@ hotspot_aot_classlinking = \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/resolvedConstants/AOTLinkedLambdas.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/resolvedConstants/AOTLinkedVarHandles.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/resolvedConstants/ResolvedConstants.java \
+ -runtime/cds/appcds/RewriteBytecodesInlineTest.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/RewriteBytecodesTest.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/SignedJar.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/SpecifySysLoaderProp.java \
@@ -630,6 +667,10 @@ tier1_serviceability = \
   -serviceability/sa/TestJmapCore.java \
   -serviceability/sa/TestJmapCoreMetaspace.java
 
+tier1_serviceability_no_valhalla = \
+  :tier1_serviceability \
+  -serviceability/jvmti/valhalla
+
 tier1 = \
   :tier1_common \
   :tier1_compiler \
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arraycopy/TestObjectArrayClone.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arraycopy/TestObjectArrayClone.java
index 595205055ee..6045206ab2b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arraycopy/TestObjectArrayClone.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/arraycopy/TestObjectArrayClone.java
@@ -39,6 +39,10 @@
  *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,jdk.internal.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor*::invoke
  *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*::invokeVirtual
  *                   compiler.arraycopy.TestObjectArrayClone
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-UseTypeProfile -XX:-ReduceInitialCardMarks
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.arraycopy.TestObjectArrayClone::testClone*
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,jdk.internal.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor*::invoke
+ *                   compiler.arraycopy.TestObjectArrayClone
  */
 
 package compiler.arraycopy;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/CanonicalizeGetModifiers.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/CanonicalizeGetModifiers.java
index d564b901bb2..c2c43c03185 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/CanonicalizeGetModifiers.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/CanonicalizeGetModifiers.java
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2021, Alibaba Group Holding Limited. All Rights Reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,7 +27,9 @@
  * @test
  * @author Yi Yang
  * @summary Canonicalizes Foo.class.getModifiers() with interpreter mode
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
  * @run main/othervm -Xint
  *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*CanonicalizeGetModifiers.test
  *                   compiler.c1.CanonicalizeGetModifiers
@@ -36,8 +39,10 @@
  * @test
  * @author Yi Yang
  * @summary Canonicalizes Foo.class.getModifiers() with C1 mode
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled
  * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
  * @run main/othervm -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1 -XX:+TieredCompilation
  *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*CanonicalizeGetModifiers.test
  *                   compiler.c1.CanonicalizeGetModifiers
@@ -47,8 +52,10 @@
  * @test
  * @author Yi Yang
  * @summary Canonicalizes Foo.class.getModifiers() with C2 mode
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
  * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
  * @run main/othervm -XX:-TieredCompilation
  *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*CanonicalizeGetModifiers.test
  *                   compiler.c1.CanonicalizeGetModifiers
@@ -56,9 +63,12 @@
 
 package compiler.c1;
 
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
 import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+import java.lang.reflect.AccessFlag;
 
 import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
 
 public class CanonicalizeGetModifiers {
     public static class T1 {
@@ -80,12 +90,12 @@ interface T6 {
     }
 
     static void test(Class poison) {
-        Asserts.assertEQ(CanonicalizeGetModifiers.class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC);
-        Asserts.assertEQ(T1.class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.STATIC);
-        Asserts.assertEQ(T2.class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.FINAL | Modifier.STATIC);
-        Asserts.assertEQ(T3.class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PRIVATE | Modifier.STATIC);
-        Asserts.assertEQ(T4.class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PROTECTED | Modifier.STATIC);
-        Asserts.assertEQ(new CanonicalizeGetModifiers().new T5().getClass().getModifiers(), 0/* NONE */);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(CanonicalizeGetModifiers.class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(T1.class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.STATIC | ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(T2.class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.FINAL | Modifier.STATIC | ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(T3.class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PRIVATE | Modifier.STATIC | ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(T4.class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PROTECTED | Modifier.STATIC | ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(new CanonicalizeGetModifiers().new T5().getClass().getModifiers(), 0/* NONE */ | ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY);
         Asserts.assertEQ(T6.class.getModifiers(), Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.STATIC | Modifier.INTERFACE);
 
         Asserts.assertEQ(int.class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL);
@@ -96,21 +106,21 @@ static void test(Class poison) {
         Asserts.assertEQ(byte.class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL);
         Asserts.assertEQ(short.class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL);
         Asserts.assertEQ(void.class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL);
-        Asserts.assertEQ(int[].class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL);
-        Asserts.assertEQ(long[].class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL);
-        Asserts.assertEQ(double[].class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL);
-        Asserts.assertEQ(float[].class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL);
-        Asserts.assertEQ(char[].class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL);
-        Asserts.assertEQ(byte[].class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL);
-        Asserts.assertEQ(short[].class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL);
-        Asserts.assertEQ(Object[].class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL);
-        Asserts.assertEQ(CanonicalizeGetModifiers[].class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL);
-
-        Asserts.assertEQ(new CanonicalizeGetModifiers().getClass().getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC);
-        Asserts.assertEQ(new T1().getClass().getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.STATIC);
-        Asserts.assertEQ(new T2().getClass().getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.FINAL | Modifier.STATIC);
-        Asserts.assertEQ(new T3().getClass().getModifiers(), Modifier.PRIVATE | Modifier.STATIC);
-        Asserts.assertEQ(new T4().getClass().getModifiers(), Modifier.PROTECTED | Modifier.STATIC);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(int[].class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL | (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() ? ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY : 0));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(long[].class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL | (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() ? ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY : 0));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(double[].class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL | (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() ? ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY : 0));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(float[].class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL | (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() ? ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY : 0));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(char[].class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL | (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() ? ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY : 0));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(byte[].class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL | (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() ? ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY : 0));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(short[].class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL | (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() ? ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY : 0));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(Object[].class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL | (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() ? ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY : 0));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(CanonicalizeGetModifiers[].class.getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL | (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() ? ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY : 0));
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(new CanonicalizeGetModifiers().getClass().getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(new T1().getClass().getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.STATIC | ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(new T2().getClass().getModifiers(), Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.FINAL | Modifier.STATIC | ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(new T3().getClass().getModifiers(), Modifier.PRIVATE | Modifier.STATIC | ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(new T4().getClass().getModifiers(), Modifier.PROTECTED | Modifier.STATIC | ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY);
         try {
             // null_check
             poison.getModifiers();
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/cmove/TestConditionalMove.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/cmove/TestConditionalMove.java
index 91197322319..ad4781848fb 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/cmove/TestConditionalMove.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/cmove/TestConditionalMove.java
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Arm Limited. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2025, Rivos Inc. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
-package compiler.c2.irTests;
+package compiler.c2.cmove;
 
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
 import java.util.Random;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/cmove/TestFPComparison2.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/cmove/TestFPComparison2.java
index dca1f964231..44bf33d51b6 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/cmove/TestFPComparison2.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/cmove/TestFPComparison2.java
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2025, Rivos Inc. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
-package compiler.c2.irTests;
+package compiler.c2.cmove;
 
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
 import java.util.List;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/cmove/TestScalarConditionalMoveCmpObj.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/cmove/TestScalarConditionalMoveCmpObj.java
index 78a364e1f59..309cf50fb9c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/cmove/TestScalarConditionalMoveCmpObj.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/cmove/TestScalarConditionalMoveCmpObj.java
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
-package compiler.c2.irTests;
+package compiler.c2.cmove;
 
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
 import java.util.Random;
@@ -52,6 +52,12 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
                                    "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions", "-XX:+UseCompactObjectHeaders", "-XX:-UseCompressedOops");
     }
 
+    // While a value of type Object can be a value object, a value of type NotValue
+    // cannot since it is a non-abstract non-value class and so cannot be the base
+    // class of a value class. This makes sure that comparisons between values of
+    // this type are simply pointer comparisons, and not substitutability
+    static class NotValue {}
+
     // Object comparison
     //    O for I
     private int cmoveOEQforI(Object a, Object b, int c, int d) {
@@ -97,7 +103,7 @@ private double cmoveONEforD(Object a, Object b, double c, double d) {
         applyIf = {"UseCompressedOops", "false"})
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMOVE_I, ">0", IRNode.CMP_N, ">0"},
         applyIf = {"UseCompressedOops", "true"})
-    private static void testCMoveOEQforI(Object[] a, Object[] b, int[] c, int[] d, int[] r, int[] r2) {
+    private static void testCMoveOEQforI(NotValue[] a, NotValue[] b, int[] c, int[] d, int[] r, int[] r2) {
         for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
             int cc = c[i];
             int dd = d[i];
@@ -112,7 +118,7 @@ private static void testCMoveOEQforI(Object[] a, Object[] b, int[] c, int[] d, i
         applyIf = {"UseCompressedOops", "false"})
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMOVE_I, ">0", IRNode.CMP_N, ">0"},
         applyIf = {"UseCompressedOops", "true"})
-    private static void testCMoveONEforI(Object[] a, Object[] b, int[] c, int[] d, int[] r, int[] r2) {
+    private static void testCMoveONEforI(NotValue[] a, NotValue[] b, int[] c, int[] d, int[] r, int[] r2) {
         for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
             int cc = c[i];
             int dd = d[i];
@@ -130,7 +136,7 @@ private static void testCMoveONEforI(Object[] a, Object[] b, int[] c, int[] d, i
     //     applyIf = {"UseCompressedOops", "false"})
     // @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMOVE_L, ">0", IRNode.CMP_N, ">0"},
     //     applyIf = {"UseCompressedOops", "true"})
-    private static void testCMoveOEQforL(Object[] a, Object[] b, long[] c, long[] d, long[] r, long[] r2) {
+    private static void testCMoveOEQforL(NotValue[] a, NotValue[] b, long[] c, long[] d, long[] r, long[] r2) {
         for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
             long cc = c[i];
             long dd = d[i];
@@ -145,7 +151,7 @@ private static void testCMoveOEQforL(Object[] a, Object[] b, long[] c, long[] d,
     //     applyIf = {"UseCompressedOops", "false"})
     // @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMOVE_L, ">0", IRNode.CMP_N, ">0"},
     //     applyIf = {"UseCompressedOops", "true"})
-    private static void testCMoveONEforL(Object[] a, Object[] b, long[] c, long[] d, long[] r, long[] r2) {
+    private static void testCMoveONEforL(NotValue[] a, NotValue[] b, long[] c, long[] d, long[] r, long[] r2) {
         for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
             long cc = c[i];
             long dd = d[i];
@@ -160,7 +166,7 @@ private static void testCMoveONEforL(Object[] a, Object[] b, long[] c, long[] d,
         applyIf = {"UseCompressedOops", "false"})
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMOVE_F, ">0", IRNode.CMP_N, ">0"},
         applyIf = {"UseCompressedOops", "true"})
-    private static void testCMoveOEQforF(Object[] a, Object[] b, float[] c, float[] d, float[] r, float[] r2) {
+    private static void testCMoveOEQforF(NotValue[] a, NotValue[] b, float[] c, float[] d, float[] r, float[] r2) {
         for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
             float cc = c[i];
             float dd = d[i];
@@ -175,7 +181,7 @@ private static void testCMoveOEQforF(Object[] a, Object[] b, float[] c, float[]
         applyIf = {"UseCompressedOops", "false"})
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMOVE_F, ">0", IRNode.CMP_N, ">0"},
         applyIf = {"UseCompressedOops", "true"})
-    private static void testCMoveONEforF(Object[] a, Object[] b, float[] c, float[] d, float[] r, float[] r2) {
+    private static void testCMoveONEforF(NotValue[] a, NotValue[] b, float[] c, float[] d, float[] r, float[] r2) {
         for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
             float cc = c[i];
             float dd = d[i];
@@ -190,7 +196,7 @@ private static void testCMoveONEforF(Object[] a, Object[] b, float[] c, float[]
         applyIf = {"UseCompressedOops", "false"})
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMOVE_D, ">0", IRNode.CMP_N, ">0"},
         applyIf = {"UseCompressedOops", "true"})
-    private static void testCMoveOEQforD(Object[] a, Object[] b, double[] c, double[] d, double[] r, double[] r2) {
+    private static void testCMoveOEQforD(NotValue[] a, NotValue[] b, double[] c, double[] d, double[] r, double[] r2) {
         for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
             double cc = c[i];
             double dd = d[i];
@@ -205,7 +211,7 @@ private static void testCMoveOEQforD(Object[] a, Object[] b, double[] c, double[
         applyIf = {"UseCompressedOops", "false"})
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMOVE_D, ">0", IRNode.CMP_N, ">0"},
         applyIf = {"UseCompressedOops", "true"})
-    private static void testCMoveONEforD(Object[] a, Object[] b, double[] c, double[] d, double[] r, double[] r2) {
+    private static void testCMoveONEforD(NotValue[] a, NotValue[] b, double[] c, double[] d, double[] r, double[] r2) {
         for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
             double cc = c[i];
             double dd = d[i];
@@ -226,8 +232,8 @@ private static void testCMoveONEforD(Object[] a, Object[] b, double[] c, double[
                  "testCMoveONEforD",
                 })
     private void testCMove_runner_two() {
-        Object[] aO = new Object[SIZE];
-        Object[] bO = new Object[SIZE];
+        NotValue[] aO = new NotValue[SIZE];
+        NotValue[] bO = new NotValue[SIZE];
         int[] cI = new int[SIZE];
         int[] dI = new int[SIZE];
         int[] rI = new int[SIZE];
@@ -243,6 +249,8 @@ private void testCMove_runner_two() {
 
         init(aO);
         shuffle(aO, bO);
+        init(cI);
+        init(dI);
         init(cL);
         init(dL);
         init(cF);
@@ -292,20 +300,20 @@ private void testCMove_runner_two() {
 
     }
 
-    private static void init(Object[] a) {
+    private static void init(NotValue[] a) {
         for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
-            a[i] = new Object();
+            a[i] = new NotValue();
         }
     }
 
-    private static void shuffle(Object[] a, Object[] b) {
+    private static void shuffle(NotValue[] a, NotValue[] b) {
         for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
             b[i] = a[i];
         }
         Random rand = Utils.getRandomInstance();
         for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
             if (rand.nextInt(5) == 0) {
-                Object t = b[i];
+                NotValue t = b[i];
                 b[i] = b[SIZE-1-i];
                 b[SIZE-1-i] = t;
             }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/scalarReplacement/ScalarReplacementWithGCBarrierTests.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/scalarReplacement/ScalarReplacementWithGCBarrierTests.java
index fbf5cdd61cc..0d9dcef705f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/scalarReplacement/ScalarReplacementWithGCBarrierTests.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/scalarReplacement/ScalarReplacementWithGCBarrierTests.java
@@ -99,12 +99,18 @@ private void runner() {
     // the allocation of `Integer sum` can not be eliminated, so there should be
     // 1 allocation after allocations and locks elimination.
     //
+    // With Valhalla, when Integer is a value class, we have only one allocation
+    // at first (Iter), which goes away.
+    //
     // Before the patch of JDK-8333334, both allocations of `Iter` and `Integer`
     // could not be eliminated.
     @Test
-    @IR(phase = { CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING }, counts = { IRNode.ALLOC, "1" })
-    @IR(phase = { CompilePhase.INCREMENTAL_BOXING_INLINE }, counts = { IRNode.ALLOC, "2" })
-    @IR(phase = { CompilePhase.ITER_GVN_AFTER_ELIMINATION }, counts = { IRNode.ALLOC, "1" })
+    @IR(applyIf = {"enable-valhalla", "false"}, phase = { CompilePhase.PHASEIDEAL_BEFORE_EA }, counts = { IRNode.ALLOC, "2" })
+    @IR(applyIf = {"enable-valhalla", "false"}, phase = { CompilePhase.ITER_GVN_AFTER_ELIMINATION }, counts = { IRNode.ALLOC, "1"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"enable-valhalla", "true"}, applyIfPlatformOr = {"x64", "true", "aarch64", "true"},
+        phase = { CompilePhase.PHASEIDEAL_BEFORE_EA }, counts = { IRNode.ALLOC, "1" })
+    @IR(applyIf = {"enable-valhalla", "true"}, applyIfPlatformOr = {"x64", "true", "aarch64", "true"},
+        phase = { CompilePhase.ITER_GVN_AFTER_ELIMINATION }, failOn = { IRNode.ALLOC })
     private int testScalarReplacementWithGCBarrier(List list) {
         Iter iter = list.iter();
         while (true) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/stable/StableFlatArrayTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/stable/StableFlatArrayTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..aa56ba3c3ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/stable/StableFlatArrayTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8372700
+ * @summary Check stable flat array field folding
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.c2.irTests.stable;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.*;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.Stable;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class StableFlatArrayTest {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestFramework tf = new TestFramework();
+        tf.addTestClassesToBootClassPath();
+                tf.addFlags(
+                        "--enable-preview",
+                        "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"
+                )
+                .start();
+    }
+
+    static final Integer[] NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC_ARRAY = (Integer[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Integer.class, 1, 42);
+    static final Integer[] NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC_ARRAY = (Integer[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(Integer.class, 1, 43);
+    static final Integer[] NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY = (Integer[]) ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(Integer.class, 1);
+    static {
+        NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY[0] = 44;
+    }
+
+    static final int NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC_CASE = 1;
+    static final int NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC_CASE = 2;
+    static final int NULLABLE_ATOMIC_CASE = 3;
+
+    static class Carrier {
+        @Stable
+        Integer[] field;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public Carrier(int initLevel) {
+            switch (initLevel) {
+                case NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC_CASE:
+                    field = NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC_ARRAY;
+                    break;
+                case NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC_CASE:
+                    field = NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC_ARRAY;
+                    break;
+                case NULLABLE_ATOMIC_CASE:
+                    field = NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY;
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    throw new IllegalStateException("Unknown level");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static final Carrier NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC_CARRIER = new Carrier(NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC_CASE);
+    static final Carrier NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC_CARRIER = new Carrier(NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC_CASE);
+    static final Carrier NULLABLE_ATOMIC_CARRIER = new Carrier(NULLABLE_ATOMIC_CASE);
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.LOAD, IRNode.MEMBAR})
+    static int testNullRestrictedNonAtomic() {
+        Integer[] is = NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC_CARRIER.field;
+        if (is != null) {
+            Integer i = is[0];
+            if (i != null) {
+                return i;
+            }
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testNullRestrictedNonAtomic")
+    public void testNullRestrictedNonAtomic_verifier() {
+        int result = testNullRestrictedNonAtomic();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, 42);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.LOAD, IRNode.MEMBAR})
+    static int testNullRestrictedAtomic() {
+        Integer[] is = NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC_CARRIER.field;
+        if (is != null) {
+            Integer i = is[0];
+            if (i != null) {
+                return i;
+            }
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testNullRestrictedAtomic")
+    public void testNullRestrictedAtomic_verifier() {
+        int result = testNullRestrictedAtomic();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, 43);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.LOAD, IRNode.MEMBAR})
+    static int testNullableAtomic() {
+        Integer[] is = NULLABLE_ATOMIC_CARRIER.field;
+        if (is != null) {
+            Integer i = is[0];
+            if (i != null) {
+                return i;
+            }
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testNullableAtomic")
+    public void testNullableAtomic_verifier() {
+        int result = testNullableAtomic();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, 44);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/stable/StableRefArrayTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/stable/StableRefArrayTest.java
index 027bd2dce30..293d03773f6 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/stable/StableRefArrayTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/stable/StableRefArrayTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -112,10 +113,14 @@ static int testNoFold() {
 
     @Test
     @IR(counts = { IRNode.LOAD, ">0" })
-    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.MEMBAR })
+    @IR(applyIf = {"enable-valhalla", "false"}, failOn = { IRNode.MEMBAR })
+    // We have barriers with valhalla from the atomic expansion of the LoadFlatNode
+    // Indeed, since the array element is not initialized, it is not known to be constant yet,
+    // and so, the LoadFlat cannot be expanded non-atomically. We need barriers to synchronize
+    // the LoadFlat and potential updates to field of the flatten array element.
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true", "enable-valhalla", "true"}, counts = { IRNode.MEMBAR, "> 0" })
     static int testPartialFold() {
         // Access should not be folded.
-        // No barriers expected for plain fields.
         Integer[] is = INIT_EMPTY_CARRIER.field;
         if (is != null) {
             Integer i = is[0];
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/stable/StableRefFinalTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/stable/StableRefFinalTest.java
index 405c86a5fc9..3b65370b61d 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/stable/StableRefFinalTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/stable/StableRefFinalTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -71,7 +72,12 @@ public Carrier(boolean init) {
 
     @Test
     @IR(counts = { IRNode.LOAD, ">0" })
-    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.MEMBAR })
+    @IR(applyIf = {"enable-valhalla", "false"}, failOn = { IRNode.MEMBAR })
+    // We have barriers with valhalla from the atomic expansion of the LoadFlatNode
+    // Indeed, since the field is not initialized, it is not known to be constant yet,
+    // and so, the LoadFlat cannot be expanded non-atomically. We need barriers to synchronize
+    // the LoadFlat and potential updates to sub-field of the flatten field.
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseFieldFlattening", "true", "enable-valhalla", "true"}, counts = { IRNode.MEMBAR, ">0" })
     static int testNoFold() {
         // Access should not be folded.
         // No barriers expected for plain fields.
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/stable/StableRefPlainTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/stable/StableRefPlainTest.java
index bd5be32459d..c30598dde3c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/stable/StableRefPlainTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/stable/StableRefPlainTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -78,10 +79,14 @@ public void init() {
 
     @Test
     @IR(counts = { IRNode.LOAD, ">0" })
-    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.MEMBAR })
+    @IR(applyIf = {"enable-valhalla", "false"}, failOn = { IRNode.MEMBAR })
+    // We have barriers with valhalla from the atomic expansion of the LoadFlatNode
+    // Indeed, since the field is not initialized, it is not known to be constant yet,
+    // and so, the LoadFlat cannot be expanded non-atomically. We need barriers to synchronize
+    // the LoadFlat and potential updates to sub-field of the flatten field.
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseFieldFlattening", "true", "enable-valhalla", "true"}, counts = { IRNode.MEMBAR, ">0" })
     static int testNoFold() {
         // Access should not be folded.
-        // No barriers expected for plain fields.
         Integer i = BLANK_CARRIER.field;
         return i != null ? i : 0;
     }
@@ -109,9 +114,11 @@ static Carrier testConstructorFullInit() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.MEMBAR })
+    @IR(applyIf = {"enable-valhalla", "false"}, failOn = { IRNode.MEMBAR })
+    // We have barriers from the atomic expansion of the StoreFlatNode. Store is not eliminated with
+    // or without Valhalla, but Valhalla's StoreFlat require barriers.
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseFieldFlattening", "true", "enable-valhalla", "true"}, counts = { IRNode.MEMBAR, ">0" })
     static void testMethodInit() {
-        // Reference inits do not have membars.
         INIT_CARRIER.init();
     }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/ErrorFile.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/ErrorFile.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b5c92e55bae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/ErrorFile.java
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.ciReplay;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+
+public class ErrorFile {
+    private final String errorFile;
+
+    public ErrorFile(String errorFile) {
+        this.errorFile = errorFile;
+    }
+
+    public boolean find(String toMatch) {
+        try (var br = Files.newBufferedReader(Paths.get(errorFile))) {
+            String line;
+            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
+                if (line.contains(toMatch)) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            throw new Error("Failed to read " + errorFile + " data: " + e, e);
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/PrintIdeal.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/PrintIdeal.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e5696a60651
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/PrintIdeal.java
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.ciReplay;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+public class PrintIdeal {
+    private final String logFile;
+    private final List<String> idealGraph;
+
+    public PrintIdeal(String logFile) {
+        this.logFile = logFile;
+        this.idealGraph = new ArrayList<>();
+    }
+
+    public List<String> vmFlags() {
+        return new ArrayList<>(List.of(
+                "-XX:LogFile='" + logFile + "'",
+                "-XX:+LogCompilation",
+                "-XX:+PrintIdeal"
+        ));
+    }
+
+    public void parse() {
+        idealGraph.clear();
+        try (var br = Files.newBufferedReader(Paths.get(logFile))) {
+            String line;
+            boolean printIdealLine = false;
+            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
+                if (printIdealLine) {
+                    if (line.startsWith("</ideal")) {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    idealGraph.add(line);
+                } else {
+                    printIdealLine = line.startsWith("<ideal");
+                }
+            }
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            throw new Error("Failed to read " + logFile + " data: " + e, e);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertFalse(idealGraph.isEmpty(), "did not find PrintIdeal output");
+    }
+
+    public String find(String toMatch) {
+        return idealGraph.stream()
+                .filter(line -> line.contains(toMatch))
+                .findFirst()
+                .orElse("");
+    }
+
+    public int count(String toMatch) {
+        return (int) idealGraph.stream()
+                .filter(line -> line.contains(toMatch))
+                .count();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/ReplayFile.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/ReplayFile.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..decd3033096
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/ReplayFile.java
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.ciReplay;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+public class ReplayFile {
+    private final Path replayFilePath;
+    private final List<String> replayFile;
+
+    public ReplayFile(String replayFileName) {
+        try {
+            this.replayFilePath = Paths.get(replayFileName);
+            this.replayFile = Files.readAllLines(replayFilePath);
+        } catch (IOException ioe) {
+            throw new Error("Failed to read/write replay data: " + ioe, ioe);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void removeLineStartingWith(String oldLine) {
+        replaceLineStartingWith(oldLine, "");
+    }
+
+    public String findLineStartingWith(String toFind) {
+        return replayFile.stream()
+                .filter(line -> line.startsWith(toFind))
+                .findFirst()
+                .orElse("");
+    }
+
+    public void replaceLineStartingWith(String oldLine, String newLine) {
+        boolean foundOldLine = false;
+        List<String> newReplayFile = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (String line : replayFile) {
+            if (line.startsWith(oldLine)) {
+                foundOldLine = true;
+                if (!newLine.isEmpty()) {
+                    // Only add if non-empty. Otherwise, line removal.
+                    newReplayFile.add(newLine);
+                }
+            } else {
+                newReplayFile.add(line);
+            }
+        }
+        Asserts.assertTrue(foundOldLine, "Did not find oldLine \"" + oldLine + "\" in " + replayFilePath);
+        try {
+            Files.write(replayFilePath, newReplayFile, StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING);
+        } catch (IOException ioe) {
+            throw new Error("Failed to read/write replay data: " + ioe, ioe);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestInliningProtectionDomain.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestInliningProtectionDomain.java
index 339b6b59f4e..2687315f05b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestInliningProtectionDomain.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestInliningProtectionDomain.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2021, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ public void testAction() {
 
         if (inlineFails) {
             Asserts.assertTrue(inlineesNormal.get(0).compare("compiler.ciReplay.ProtectionDomainTestNoOtherCompilationPrivate", "bar", inlineesNormal.get(0).isUnloadedSignatureClasses()));
-            Asserts.assertTrue(inlineesReplay.get(0).compare("compiler.ciReplay.ProtectionDomainTestNoOtherCompilationPrivate", "bar", inlineesReplay.get(0).isDisallowedByReplay()));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(inlineesReplay.get(0).compare("compiler.ciReplay.ProtectionDomainTestNoOtherCompilationPrivate", "bar", inlineesReplay.get(0).isUnloadedSignatureClasses()));
         } else {
             Asserts.assertTrue(inlineesNormal.get(4).compare("compiler.ciReplay.InliningBar", "bar2", inlineesNormal.get(4).isNormalInline()));
             Asserts.assertTrue(inlineesReplay.get(4).compare("compiler.ciReplay.InliningBar", "bar2", inlineesReplay.get(4).isForcedByReplay() || inlineesReplay.get(4).isForcedIncrementalInlineByReplay()));
@@ -92,9 +92,9 @@ public static void test() {
         bar();
     }
 
-    // Integer should be resolved for the protection domain of this class because the separate compilation of bar() in
+    // SigType should be resolved for the protection domain of this class because the separate compilation of bar() in
     // the normal run will resolve all classes in the signature. Inlining succeeds.
-    private static Integer bar() {
+    private static SigType bar() {
         InliningFoo.foo();
         return null;
     }
@@ -111,10 +111,10 @@ public static void test() {
         bar(); // Not compiled before separately
     }
 
-    // Integer should be resolved for the protection domain of this class because getDeclaredMethods is called in normal run
+    // SigType should be resolved for the protection domain of this class because getDeclaredMethods is called in normal run
     // when validating main() method. In this process, all public methods of this class are visited and its signature classes
     // are resolved. Inlining of bar() succeeds.
-    public static Integer bar() {
+    public static SigType bar() {
         InliningFoo.foo();
         return null;
     }
@@ -131,12 +131,12 @@ public static void test() {
         bar(); // Not compiled before separately
     }
 
-    // Integer should be unresolved for the protection domain of this class even though getDeclaredMethods is called in normal
+    // SigType should be unresolved for the protection domain of this class even though getDeclaredMethods is called in normal
     // run when validating main() method. In this process, only public methods of this class are visited and its signature
     // classes are resolved. Since this method is private, the signature classes are not resolved for this protection domain.
     // Inlining of bar() should fail in normal run with "unresolved signature classes". Therefore, replay compilation should
     // also not inline bar().
-    private static Integer bar() {
+    private static SigType bar() {
         InliningFoo.foo();
         return null;
     }
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ public static void test() {
         bar(); // Not compiled before separately
     }
 
-    // Integer should be resovled for the protection domain of this class because getDeclaredMethods is called in normal run
+    // String should be resolved for the protection domain of this class because getDeclaredMethods is called in normal run
     // when validating main() method. In this process, public methods of this class are visited and its signature classes
     // are resolved. bar() is private and not visited in this process (i.e. no resolution of String). But since main()
     // has String[] as parameter, the String class will be resolved for this protection domain. Inlining of bar() succeeds.
@@ -181,3 +181,6 @@ public static void bar() {
 
     private static void bar2() {}
 }
+
+class SigType {}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestUnresolvedClasses.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestUnresolvedClasses.java
index 9e454046a5e..9f05969798b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestUnresolvedClasses.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestUnresolvedClasses.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -38,18 +38,12 @@
 
 import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
 
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.nio.file.Files;
-import java.nio.file.Paths;
-import java.nio.file.Path;
-import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
 
 public class TestUnresolvedClasses extends CiReplayBase {
     private static final String LOG_FILE = "hotspot.log";
-    private static final String[] COMMAND_LINE = new String[] {"-XX:LogFile='" + LOG_FILE + "'", "-XX:+LogCompilation", "-XX:+PrintIdeal",
-                                                               "-XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.ciReplay.Test::dontInline"};
+    private final PrintIdeal printIdeal = new PrintIdeal(LOG_FILE);
+
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         new TestUnresolvedClasses().runTest(false, TIERED_DISABLED_VM_OPTION);
     }
@@ -61,30 +55,20 @@ public String getTestClass() {
 
     @Override
     public void testAction() {
-        positiveTest(COMMAND_LINE);
+        List<String> vmFlags = printIdeal.vmFlags();
+        vmFlags.add("-XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*Test::dontInline");
+        String[] commandLine = vmFlags.toArray(new String[0]);
+        positiveTest(commandLine);
+        printIdeal.parse();
         // Should find CallStaticJava node for dontInline() as f.bar() is resolved and parsing completes.
         checkLogFile(true);
 
+        ReplayFile replayFile = new ReplayFile(getReplayFileName());
         // Remove ciInstanceKlass entry for Foo in replay file.
-        try {
-            Path replayFilePath = Paths.get(REPLAY_FILE_NAME);
-            List<String> replayContent = Files.readAllLines(replayFilePath);
-            List<String> newReplayContent = new ArrayList<>();
-            boolean foundFoo = false;
-            for (String line : replayContent) {
-                if (!line.startsWith("ciInstanceKlass compiler/ciReplay/Foo")) {
-                    newReplayContent.add(line);
-                } else {
-                    foundFoo = true;
-                }
-            }
-            Asserts.assertTrue(foundFoo, "Did not find ciInstanceKlass compiler/ciReplay/Foo entry");
-            Files.write(replayFilePath, newReplayContent, StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING);
-        } catch (IOException ioe) {
-            throw new Error("Failed to read/write replay data: " + ioe, ioe);
-        }
+        replayFile.removeLineStartingWith("ciInstanceKlass compiler/ciReplay/TestUnresolvedClasses$Foo");
 
-        positiveTest(COMMAND_LINE);
+        positiveTest(commandLine);
+        printIdeal.parse();
         // No ciInstanceKlass entry for Foo is found in the replay. Replay compilation simulates that Foo is unresolved.
         // Therefore, C2 cannot resolve f.bar() at parsing time. It emits an UCT to resolve Foo and stops parsing.
         // The call to dontInline() will not be parsed and thus we should not find a CallStaticJava node for it.
@@ -95,53 +79,38 @@ public void testAction() {
     // Parse <ideal> entry in hotspot.log file and try to find the call for dontInline().
     private void checkLogFile(boolean shouldMatch) {
         String toMatch = "Test::dontInline";
-        try (var br = Files.newBufferedReader(Paths.get(LOG_FILE))) {
-            String line;
-            boolean printIdealLine = false;
-            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
-                if (printIdealLine) {
-                    if (line.startsWith("</ideal")) {
-                        break;
-                    }
-                    if (line.contains(toMatch)) {
-                        Asserts.assertTrue(line.contains("CallStaticJava"), "must be CallStaticJava node");
-                        Asserts.assertTrue(shouldMatch, "Should not have found " + toMatch);
-                        return;
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    printIdealLine = line.startsWith("<ideal");
-                }
-            }
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-            throw new Error("Failed to read " + LOG_FILE + " data: " + e, e);
+        String line = printIdeal.find(toMatch);
+        if (shouldMatch) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(line.contains("CallStaticJava"), "must be CallStaticJava node");
+        } else {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(line.isEmpty(), "Should not have found " + toMatch);
         }
-        Asserts.assertFalse(shouldMatch, "Should have found " + toMatch);
     }
-}
 
-class Test {
-    static Foo f = new Foo();
+    private static class Test {
+        static Foo f = new Foo();
 
-    public static void main(String[] args) {
-        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
-            test();
+        public static void main(String[] args) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+                test();
+            }
         }
-    }
 
-    public static void test() {
-        f.bar();
-        // At replay compilation: Should emit UCT for f.bar() because class Foo is unloaded. Parsing stops here.
-        // dontInline() is not parsed anymore.
-        dontInline();
-    }
+        public static void test() {
+            f.bar();
+            // At replay compilation: Should emit UCT for f.bar() because class Foo is unloaded. Parsing stops here.
+            // dontInline() is not parsed anymore.
+            dontInline();
+        }
 
-    // Not inlined
-    public static void dontInline() {
+        // Not inlined
+        public static void dontInline() {
+        }
     }
-}
 
-class Foo {
-    public int bar() {
-        return 3;
+    private static class Foo {
+        public int bar() {
+            return 3;
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestValueClassArrays.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestValueClassArrays.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..65ef1312d68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestValueClassArrays.java
@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8375548
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library / /test/lib
+ * @summary Testing that compiler replay correctly loads sub classes of ObjArrayKlass.
+ * @requires vm.flagless & vm.flightRecorder != true & vm.compMode != "Xint" & vm.compMode != "Xcomp" &
+ *           vm.debug == true & vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -XX:+TieredCompilation
+ *                   compiler.ciReplay.TestValueClassArrays
+ */
+
+package compiler.ciReplay;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.regex.Matcher;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestValueClassArrays extends DumpReplayBase {
+    private static final String LOG_FILE = "hotspot.log";
+    private static final String ERROR_FILE = "error.log";
+    private final PrintIdeal printIdeal;
+    private final String[] defaultReplayRunFlags;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        new TestValueClassArrays().runTest("-XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::*",
+                                           "--enable-preview",
+                                           "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                                           "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                                           TIERED_DISABLED_VM_OPTION);
+    }
+
+    private TestValueClassArrays() {
+        printIdeal = new PrintIdeal(LOG_FILE);
+        defaultReplayRunFlags = defaultReplayRunFlags();
+    }
+
+
+    private String[] defaultReplayRunFlags() {
+        List<String> vmFlags = printIdeal.vmFlags();
+        Collections.addAll(vmFlags,
+                           "-XX:+ReplayIgnoreInitErrors",
+                           "-XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::*",
+                           "--enable-preview",
+                           "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                           "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                           "-XX:ErrorFile=" + ERROR_FILE,
+                           TIERED_DISABLED_VM_OPTION
+        );
+        return vmFlags.toArray(new String[0]);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void testAction() {
+        testArrayAccessSpeculation();
+        testNoProfilingNoSpeculation();
+        testInvalidArrayProperty();
+        remove(LOG_FILE);
+        remove(ERROR_FILE);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check that we emit traps for speculation on array stores and loads as captured in the profiling.
+     */
+    private void testArrayAccessSpeculation() {
+        positiveTest(defaultReplayRunFlags);
+        printIdeal.parse();
+        int countClassCheck = printIdeal.count("class_check");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(countClassCheck, 8, "not found all class checks for speculation on array accesses");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check that we do not emit traps for speculation on array stores and loads since we disabled array profiling.
+     */
+    private void testNoProfilingNoSpeculation() {
+        String[] noProfilingFlags = Arrays.copyOf(defaultReplayRunFlags, defaultReplayRunFlags.length + 1);
+        noProfilingFlags[defaultReplayRunFlags.length] = "-XX:-UseArrayLoadStoreProfile";
+        positiveTest(noProfilingFlags);
+        printIdeal.parse();
+        String empty = printIdeal.find("class_check");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(empty.isEmpty(), "should not find UCTs for speculation without array profiling");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Replace the "array property" in the "ciMethodData" with an invalid value -1 to make compiler replay fail
+     * with an assertion.
+     */
+    private void testInvalidArrayProperty() {
+        invalidateCiMethodDataInReplayFile();
+        negativeTest(defaultReplayRunFlags);
+        ErrorFile errorFile = new ErrorFile(ERROR_FILE);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(errorFile.find("failed: invalid flags set"));
+    }
+
+    private void invalidateCiMethodDataInReplayFile() {
+        ReplayFile replayFile = new ReplayFile(getReplayFileName());
+        String ciMethodData = replayFile.findLineStartingWith(
+                "ciMethodData compiler/ciReplay/TestValueClassArrays$Test test");
+        Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("(\\[Lcompiler/ciReplay/TestValueClassArrays\\$Test\\$A;) (\\d+)");
+        Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(ciMethodData);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(matcher.find(), "must find array_property");
+        String replacement = matcher.group(1) + " -1";
+        String newCiMethodData = matcher.replaceFirst(Matcher.quoteReplacement(replacement));
+        replayFile.replaceLineStartingWith(ciMethodData, newCiMethodData);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getTestClass() {
+        return Test.class.getName();
+    }
+
+
+    private static class Test {
+        static A[] oArrDefault = new A[2];
+        static A[] oArrNullableAtomicArray = (A[]) ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(A.class, 2);
+        static A[] oArrNullRestrictedAtomicArray = (A[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(A.class, 2, new A(1));
+        static A[] oArrNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray = (A[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(A.class, 2, new A(2));
+
+        static A o1, o2, o3, o4;
+        static A a = new A(10);
+
+        public static void main(String[] args) {
+            oArrDefault[0] = new A(3);
+            oArrNullableAtomicArray[0] = new A(4);
+            oArrNullRestrictedAtomicArray[0] = new A(5);
+            oArrNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray[0] = new A(6);
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+                test();
+            }
+        }
+
+        static void test() {
+            o1 = oArrDefault[0];
+            oArrDefault[1] = a;
+            o2 = oArrNullableAtomicArray[0];
+            oArrNullableAtomicArray[1] = a;
+            o3 = oArrNullRestrictedAtomicArray[0];
+            oArrNullRestrictedAtomicArray[1] = a;
+            o4 = oArrNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray[0];
+            oArrNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray[1] = a;
+        }
+
+        static value class A {
+            int x;
+            public A(int x) {
+                this.x = x;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/codegen/TestRedundantLea.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/codegen/TestRedundantLea.java
index 0108df40704..af72ba6a52b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/codegen/TestRedundantLea.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/codegen/TestRedundantLea.java
@@ -81,6 +81,16 @@
  * @run driver compiler.codegen.TestRedundantLea StoreNParallel
  */
 
+/*
+ * @test id=Spill
+ * @bug 8020282
+ * @summary Test that we do not generate redundant leas and remove related spills on x86.
+ * @requires os.simpleArch == "x64"
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run driver compiler.codegen.TestRedundantLea Spill
+ */
+
 
 package compiler.codegen;
 
@@ -129,6 +139,9 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
                 framework = new TestFramework(StoreNTest.class);
                 framework.addFlags("-XX:+UseParallelGC");
             }
+            case "Spill" -> {
+                framework = new TestFramework(SpillTest.class);
+            }
             default -> {
                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown test name \"" + testName +"\"");
             }
@@ -274,9 +287,7 @@ public boolean test(Matcher m) {
 
 // The matcher generates leaP* rules for storing an object in an array of objects
 // at a constant offset, but only when using the Serial or Parallel GC.
-// Here, we can also manipulate the offset such that we get a leaP32Narrow rule
-// and we can demonstrate that the peephole also removes simple cases of unneeded
-// spills.
+// Here, we can also manipulate the offset such that we get a leaP32Narrow rule.
 class StoreNTest {
     private static final int SOME_SIZE = 42;
     private static final int OFFSET8BIT_IDX = 3;
@@ -287,8 +298,6 @@ class StoreNTest {
 
     private StoreNTestHelper[] classArr8bit = new StoreNTestHelper[SOME_SIZE];
     private StoreNTestHelper[] classArr32bit = new StoreNTestHelper[SOME_SIZE];
-    private Object[] objArr8bit = new Object[SOME_SIZE];
-    private Object[] objArr32bit = new Object[SOME_SIZE];
 
     @Test
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.LEA_P, "=2"},
@@ -302,13 +311,6 @@ class StoreNTest {
     @IR(failOn = {IRNode.DECODE_HEAP_OOP_NOT_NULL},
         phase = {CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE},
         applyIf = {"OptoPeephole", "true"})
-    // Test that the peephole removes a spill.
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MEM_TO_REG_SPILL_COPY, "=4"},
-        phase = {CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE},
-        applyIfAnd ={"OptoPeephole", "false", "UseCompactObjectHeaders", "false"})
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MEM_TO_REG_SPILL_COPY, "=3"},
-        phase = {CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE},
-        applyIfAnd ={"OptoPeephole", "true", "UseCompactObjectHeaders", "false"})
     public void testRemoveSpill() {
         this.classArr8bit[OFFSET8BIT_IDX] = new StoreNTestHelper(CURRENT, OTHER);
         this.classArr32bit[OFFSET32BIT_IDX] = new StoreNTestHelper(OTHER, CURRENT);
@@ -331,48 +333,65 @@ public void testPhiSpill() {
         this.classArr8bit[OFFSET8BIT_IDX] = new StoreNTestHelper(CURRENT, OTHER);
         this.classArr8bit[OFFSET32BIT_IDX] = new StoreNTestHelper(CURRENT, OTHER);
     }
+}
+
+class StoreNTestHelper {
+    Object o1;
+    Object o2;
+
+    public StoreNTestHelper(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        this.o1 = o1;
+        this.o2 = o2;
+    }
+}
+
+// This test validates that the peephole removes simple spills.
+// The code for the test originates from compiler/escapeAnalysis/Test6775880.java.
+class SpillTest {
+    int cnt;
+    int b[];
+    String s;
+
+    @Run(test = "test")
+    public static void run() {
+        SpillTest t = new SpillTest();
+        t.cnt = 3;
+        t.b = new int[3];
+        t.b[0] = 0;
+        t.b[1] = 1;
+        t.b[2] = 2;
+        int j = 0;
+        t.s = "";
+        t.test();
+    }
 
     @Test
+    // TODO: Make tests more precise
     @IR(counts = {IRNode.LEA_P, "=2"},
         phase = {CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE},
         applyIfPlatform = {"mac", "false"})
     // Negative test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.DECODE_HEAP_OOP_NOT_NULL, "=2"},
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.DECODE_HEAP_OOP_NOT_NULL, ">=2"},
         phase = {CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE},
         applyIf = {"OptoPeephole", "false"})
-    // Test that the peephole worked for leaPCompressedOopOffset
-    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.DECODE_HEAP_OOP_NOT_NULL},
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.DECODE_HEAP_OOP_NOT_NULL, "<=2"},
         phase = {CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE},
         applyIf = {"OptoPeephole", "true"})
-    public void testNoAlloc() {
-        this.objArr8bit[OFFSET8BIT_IDX] = CURRENT;
-        this.objArr32bit[OFFSET32BIT_IDX] = OTHER;
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.LEA_P, "=2"},
-        phase = {CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE},
-        applyIfPlatform = {"mac", "false"})
-    // Negative test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.DECODE_HEAP_OOP_NOT_NULL, "=1"},
+    // Test that the peephole removes a spill.
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MEM_TO_REG_SPILL_COPY, ">=18"},
         phase = {CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE},
         applyIf = {"OptoPeephole", "false"})
-    // Test that the peephole worked for leaPCompressedOopOffset
-    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.DECODE_HEAP_OOP_NOT_NULL},
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.MEM_TO_REG_SPILL_COPY, ">=16"},
         phase = {CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE},
         applyIf = {"OptoPeephole", "true"})
-    public void testNoAllocSameArray() {
-        this.objArr8bit[OFFSET8BIT_IDX] = CURRENT;
-        this.objArr8bit[OFFSET32BIT_IDX] = OTHER;
-    }
-}
-
-class StoreNTestHelper {
-    Object o1;
-    Object o2;
-
-    public StoreNTestHelper(Object o1, Object o2) {
-        this.o1 = o1;
-        this.o2 = o2;
+    String test() {
+        String res = "";
+        for (int i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
+            if (i != 0) {
+                res = res + ".";
+            }
+            res = res + b[i];
+        }
+        return res;
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/eliminateAutobox/TestIdentityWithEliminateBoxInDebugInfo.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/eliminateAutobox/TestIdentityWithEliminateBoxInDebugInfo.java
index c2e659ea988..4666faa349f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/eliminateAutobox/TestIdentityWithEliminateBoxInDebugInfo.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/eliminateAutobox/TestIdentityWithEliminateBoxInDebugInfo.java
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 /*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2021, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -25,7 +26,8 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 8261137
  * @requires vm.flavor == "server"
- * @summary Verify that box object identity matches after deoptimization when it is eliminated.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @summary Verify that box object content matches after deoptimization when it is eliminated.
  * @library /test/lib
  *
  * @run main/othervm -Xbatch compiler.eliminateAutobox.TestIdentityWithEliminateBoxInDebugInfo
@@ -67,7 +69,7 @@ public static void runTest() throws Exception {
             if (!c) {
                 Asserts.assertTrue(a == Long.valueOf(42L));
                 Asserts.assertTrue(b == Long.valueOf(-42L));
-                Asserts.assertFalse(h == Long.valueOf(highBitsOnly));
+                Asserts.assertTrue(h == Long.valueOf(highBitsOnly));
             }
         });
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/eliminateAutobox/TestLongBoxing.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/eliminateAutobox/TestLongBoxing.java
index a3548313f47..906368f86b6 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/eliminateAutobox/TestLongBoxing.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/eliminateAutobox/TestLongBoxing.java
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@
  *
  * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+EliminateAutoBox
  *                   compiler.eliminateAutobox.TestLongBoxing
+ * @run main/othervm --enable-preview -Xbatch -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+EliminateAutoBox
+ *                   compiler.eliminateAutobox.TestLongBoxing
  * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+EliminateAutoBox
  *                   -XX:CompileCommand=exclude,compiler.eliminateAutobox.TestLongBoxing::dummy
  *                   -XX:CompileCommand=exclude,compiler.eliminateAutobox.TestLongBoxing::foo
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/Test8329757.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/Test8329757.java
index 483c2c49962..488670b5d62 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/Test8329757.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/Test8329757.java
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ public class Test8329757 {
 
     void q() {
         int e;
-        synchronized (new Double(1.1f)) {
+        synchronized (new Object()) {
         int[] f = new int[a];
         synchronized (Test8329757.class) {
             for (int d = 4; d < 127; d++) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/exceptions/OptimizeImplicitExceptions.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/exceptions/OptimizeImplicitExceptions.java
index ca61e95a68f..15d4e150d90 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/exceptions/OptimizeImplicitExceptions.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/exceptions/OptimizeImplicitExceptions.java
@@ -154,8 +154,8 @@ private static void checkSimple(TestMode testMode, ImplicitException impExcp, Ex
 
         int trapCount = WB.getMethodTrapCount(throwImplicitException_m);
         int trapCountSpecific = WB.getMethodTrapCount(throwImplicitException_m, impExcp.getReason());
-        Asserts.assertEQ(trapCount, invocations, "Trap count must much invocation count.");
-        Asserts.assertEQ(trapCountSpecific, invocations, "Trap count must much invocation count.");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(trapCount, invocations, "Trap count must match invocation count.");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(trapCountSpecific, invocations, "Trap count must match invocation count.");
         Asserts.assertNotNull(ex.getMessage(), "Exceptions thrown in the interpreter should have a message.");
     }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/gcbarriers/TestG1BarrierGeneration.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/gcbarriers/TestG1BarrierGeneration.java
index c1e2dd7a112..6c7cfd34ca7 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/gcbarriers/TestG1BarrierGeneration.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/gcbarriers/TestG1BarrierGeneration.java
@@ -549,6 +549,7 @@ public static Object[] testStoreAllOnNewLargeArray(Object o1) {
                  "testStoreOnNewArrayAtUnknownIndex",
                  "testStoreAllOnNewSmallArray",
                  "testStoreAllOnNewLargeArray"})
+    @Warmup(5000)
     public void runArrayStoreTests() {
         {
             Object[] a = new Object[10];
@@ -728,10 +729,10 @@ static boolean testCompareAndSwap(Outer o, Object oldVal, Object newVal) {
 
     @Test
     @IR(applyIf = {"UseCompressedOops", "false"},
-        counts = {IRNode.G1_GET_AND_SET_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, PRE_AND_POST, "1"},
+        counts = {IRNode.G1_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, PRE_AND_POST, "1"},
         phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     @IR(applyIf = {"UseCompressedOops", "true"},
-        counts = {IRNode.G1_GET_AND_SET_N_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, PRE_AND_POST, "1"},
+        counts = {IRNode.G1_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_N_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, PRE_AND_POST, "1"},
         phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     static Object testGetAndSet(Outer o, Object newVal) {
         return fVarHandle.getAndSet(o, newVal);
@@ -786,16 +787,16 @@ static boolean testCompareAndSwapOnNewObject(Object oldVal, Object newVal) {
 
     @Test
     @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseCompressedOops", "false", "ReduceInitialCardMarks", "false"},
-        counts = {IRNode.G1_GET_AND_SET_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, POST_ONLY, "1"},
+        counts = {IRNode.G1_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, POST_ONLY, "1"},
         phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseCompressedOops", "true", "ReduceInitialCardMarks", "false"},
-        counts = {IRNode.G1_GET_AND_SET_N_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, POST_ONLY, "1"},
+        counts = {IRNode.G1_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_N_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, POST_ONLY, "1"},
         phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseCompressedOops", "false", "ReduceInitialCardMarks", "true"},
-        failOn = {IRNode.G1_GET_AND_SET_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, ANY},
+        failOn = {IRNode.G1_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, ANY},
         phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseCompressedOops", "true", "ReduceInitialCardMarks", "true"},
-        failOn = {IRNode.G1_GET_AND_SET_N_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, ANY},
+        failOn = {IRNode.G1_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_N_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, ANY},
         phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     static Object testGetAndSetOnNewObject(Object oldVal, Object newVal) {
         Outer o = new Outer();
@@ -805,16 +806,16 @@ static Object testGetAndSetOnNewObject(Object oldVal, Object newVal) {
 
     @Test
     @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseCompressedOops", "false", "ReduceInitialCardMarks", "false"},
-        counts = {IRNode.G1_GET_AND_SET_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, POST_ONLY, "1"},
+        counts = {IRNode.G1_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, POST_ONLY, "1"},
         phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseCompressedOops", "true", "ReduceInitialCardMarks", "false"},
-        counts = {IRNode.G1_GET_AND_SET_N_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, POST_ONLY, "1"},
+        counts = {IRNode.G1_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_N_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, POST_ONLY, "1"},
         phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseCompressedOops", "false", "ReduceInitialCardMarks", "true"},
-        failOn = {IRNode.G1_GET_AND_SET_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, ANY},
+        failOn = {IRNode.G1_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, ANY},
         phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseCompressedOops", "true", "ReduceInitialCardMarks", "true"},
-        failOn = {IRNode.G1_GET_AND_SET_N_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, ANY},
+        failOn = {IRNode.G1_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_N_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, ANY},
         phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     static Object testGetAndSetConditionallyOnNewObject(Object oldVal, Object newVal, boolean c) {
         Outer o = new Outer();
@@ -827,16 +828,16 @@ static Object testGetAndSetConditionallyOnNewObject(Object oldVal, Object newVal
 
     @Test
     @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseCompressedOops", "false", "ReduceInitialCardMarks", "false"},
-        counts = {IRNode.G1_GET_AND_SET_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, POST_ONLY, "1"},
+        counts = {IRNode.G1_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, POST_ONLY, "1"},
         phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseCompressedOops", "true", "ReduceInitialCardMarks", "false"},
-        counts = {IRNode.G1_GET_AND_SET_N_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, POST_ONLY, "1"},
+        counts = {IRNode.G1_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_N_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, POST_ONLY, "1"},
         phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseCompressedOops", "false", "ReduceInitialCardMarks", "true"},
-        failOn = {IRNode.G1_GET_AND_SET_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, ANY},
+        failOn = {IRNode.G1_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, ANY},
         phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseCompressedOops", "true", "ReduceInitialCardMarks", "true"},
-        failOn = {IRNode.G1_GET_AND_SET_N_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, ANY},
+        failOn = {IRNode.G1_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_N_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, ANY},
         phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     static Object testGetAndSetOnNewObjectAfterException(Object oldVal, Object newVal, boolean c) throws Exception {
         Outer o = new Outer();
@@ -849,10 +850,10 @@ static Object testGetAndSetOnNewObjectAfterException(Object oldVal, Object newVa
 
     @Test
     @IR(applyIf = {"UseCompressedOops", "false"},
-        counts = {IRNode.G1_GET_AND_SET_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, PRE_AND_POST, "1"},
+        counts = {IRNode.G1_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, PRE_AND_POST, "1"},
         phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     @IR(applyIf = {"UseCompressedOops", "true"},
-        counts = {IRNode.G1_GET_AND_SET_N_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, PRE_AND_POST, "1"},
+        counts = {IRNode.G1_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_N_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, PRE_AND_POST, "1"},
         phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     static Object testGetAndSetOnNewObjectAfterCall(Object oldVal, Object newVal) {
         Outer o = new Outer();
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/gcbarriers/TestImplicitNullChecks.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/gcbarriers/TestImplicitNullChecks.java
index 06057a34b61..a41cb4e1831 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/gcbarriers/TestImplicitNullChecks.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/gcbarriers/TestImplicitNullChecks.java
@@ -24,19 +24,17 @@
 package compiler.gcbarriers;
 
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
-import java.lang.invoke.VarHandle;
-import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
-import java.lang.ref.Reference;
-import java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue;
 import java.lang.ref.SoftReference;
 import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
 import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
 
 /**
  * @test
  * @summary Test that implicit null checks are generated as expected for
             different GC memory accesses.
  * @library /test/lib /
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @run driver compiler.gcbarriers.TestImplicitNullChecks
  */
 
@@ -51,20 +49,22 @@ static class OuterWithVolatileField {
         volatile Object f;
     }
 
-    static final VarHandle fVarHandle;
+    static final Unsafe UNSAFE = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
+    static final long F_OFFSET;
     static {
-        MethodHandles.Lookup l = MethodHandles.lookup();
         try {
-            fVarHandle = l.findVarHandle(Outer.class, "f", Object.class);
+            F_OFFSET = UNSAFE.objectFieldOffset(Outer.class.getDeclaredField("f"));
         } catch (Exception e) {
             throw new Error(e);
         }
     }
 
     public static void main(String[] args) {
-        TestFramework.runWithFlags("-XX:CompileCommand=inline,java.lang.ref.*::*",
+        TestFramework.runWithFlags("--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                                   "-XX:CompileCommand=inline,java.lang.ref.*::*",
                                    "-XX:-TieredCompilation");
-        TestFramework.runWithFlags("-XX:CompileCommand=inline,java.lang.ref.*::*",
+        TestFramework.runWithFlags("--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                                   "-XX:CompileCommand=inline,java.lang.ref.*::*",
                                    "-XX:+TieredCompilation", "-XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1");
     }
 
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ static void runStoreTests() {
         failOn = IRNode.NULL_CHECK,
         phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     static Object testCompareAndExchange(Outer o, Object oldVal, Object newVal) {
-        return fVarHandle.compareAndExchange(o, oldVal, newVal);
+        return UNSAFE.compareAndExchangeReference(o, F_OFFSET, oldVal, newVal);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ static Object testCompareAndExchange(Outer o, Object oldVal, Object newVal) {
         failOn = IRNode.NULL_CHECK,
         phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     static boolean testCompareAndSwap(Outer o, Object oldVal, Object newVal) {
-        return fVarHandle.compareAndSet(o, oldVal, newVal);
+        return UNSAFE.compareAndSetReference(o, F_OFFSET, oldVal, newVal);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ static boolean testCompareAndSwap(Outer o, Object oldVal, Object newVal) {
         failOn = IRNode.NULL_CHECK,
         phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     static Object testGetAndSet(Outer o, Object newVal) {
-        return fVarHandle.getAndSet(o, newVal);
+        return UNSAFE.getAndSetReference(o, F_OFFSET, newVal);
     }
 
     @Run(test = {"testCompareAndExchange",
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/gcbarriers/TestZGCBarrierElision.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/gcbarriers/TestZGCBarrierElision.java
index 38aaee62045..7f35790c57a 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/gcbarriers/TestZGCBarrierElision.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/gcbarriers/TestZGCBarrierElision.java
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
 
 /**
- * @test
+ * @test id=Z
  * @summary Test that the ZGC barrier elision optimization does not elide
  *          necessary barriers. The tests use volatile memory accesses and
  *          blackholes to prevent C2 from simply optimizing them away.
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
  */
 
 /**
- * @test
+ * @test id=ZGen
  * @summary Test that the ZGC barrier elision optimization elides unnecessary
  *          barriers following simple allocation and domination rules.
  * @library /test/lib /
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ void runControlFlowTests() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_GET_AND_SET_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.REMAINING, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.REMAINING, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     static void testAllocateThenAtomic(Inner i) {
         Outer o = new Outer();
         Common.blackhole(o);
@@ -196,21 +196,21 @@ static void testAllocateThenAtomic(Inner i) {
 
     @Test
     @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_LOAD_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.REMAINING, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_GET_AND_SET_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.REMAINING, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.REMAINING, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     static void testLoadThenAtomic(Outer o, Inner i) {
         Common.blackhole(o.field1);
         Common.field1VarHandle.getAndSet(o, i);
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_GET_AND_SET_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.REMAINING, "2" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.REMAINING, "2" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     static void testAtomicThenAtomicAnotherField(Outer o, Inner i) {
         Common.field1VarHandle.getAndSet(o, i);
         Common.field2VarHandle.getAndSet(o, i);
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_GET_AND_SET_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.REMAINING, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.REMAINING, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     static void testAllocateArrayThenAtomicAtKnownIndex(Outer o) {
         Outer[] a = new Outer[42];
         Common.blackhole(a);
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ static void testAllocateArrayThenAtomicAtKnownIndex(Outer o) {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_GET_AND_SET_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.REMAINING, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.REMAINING, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     static void testAllocateArrayThenAtomicAtUnknownIndex(Outer o, int index) {
         Outer[] a = new Outer[42];
         Common.blackhole(a);
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ static void testAllocateArrayThenAtomicAtUnknownIndex(Outer o, int index) {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_GET_AND_SET_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.REMAINING, "2" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.REMAINING, "2" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     static void testArrayAtomicThenAtomicAtUnknownIndices(Outer[] a, Outer o, int index1, int index2) {
         Common.outerArrayVarHandle.getAndSet(a, index1, o);
         Common.outerArrayVarHandle.getAndSet(a, index2, o);
@@ -388,14 +388,14 @@ void runControlFlowTests() {
 
     @Test
     @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_STORE_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.REMAINING, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_GET_AND_SET_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.ELIDED, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.ELIDED, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     static void testStoreThenAtomic(Outer o, Inner i) {
         o.field1 = i;
         Common.field1VarHandle.getAndSet(o, i);
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_GET_AND_SET_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.REMAINING, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.REMAINING, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_LOAD_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.ELIDED, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     static void testAtomicThenLoad(Outer o, Inner i) {
         Common.field1VarHandle.getAndSet(o, i);
@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@ static void testAtomicThenLoad(Outer o, Inner i) {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_GET_AND_SET_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.REMAINING, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.REMAINING, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_STORE_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.ELIDED, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     static void testAtomicThenStore(Outer o, Inner i) {
         Common.field1VarHandle.getAndSet(o, i);
@@ -411,16 +411,16 @@ static void testAtomicThenStore(Outer o, Inner i) {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_GET_AND_SET_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.REMAINING, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_GET_AND_SET_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.ELIDED, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.REMAINING, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
+    //@IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.ELIDED, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     static void testAtomicThenAtomic(Outer o, Inner i) {
         Common.field1VarHandle.getAndSet(o, i);
         Common.field1VarHandle.getAndSet(o, i);
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_GET_AND_SET_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.REMAINING, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_GET_AND_SET_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.ELIDED, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.REMAINING, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.Z_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_P_WITH_BARRIER_FLAG, Common.ELIDED, "1" }, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE)
     static void testArrayAtomicThenAtomic(Outer[] a, Outer o) {
         Common.outerArrayVarHandle.getAndSet(a, 0, o);
         Common.outerArrayVarHandle.getAndSet(a, 0, o);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java
index d70aeb74764..5c93b406f6c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java
@@ -142,6 +142,15 @@ TemplateToken generate() {
                     );
                 });
 
+                if (op == Operation.STORE_MASK && vec.elementType.name().equals("int") && vec.length == 4) {
+                    return scope(
+                        """
+                            // No IR-verification for testInteger4Mask because it intermittently
+                            // compiles to a different code shape. Probably due to a fully set mask.
+                        """
+                    );
+                }
+
                 return scope(
                     let("pty", vec.elementType.name()),
                     let("ptyIR", ptyIR),
@@ -156,14 +165,14 @@ TemplateToken generate() {
                         // }
                         // leading to both stores of the diamond being live. This is highly profile dependent and cannot be predicted.
                         """
-                            @IR(counts = {IRNode.START + "Store#{ptyIR}" + IRNode.MID + "(Memory: @aryptr:#{pty}\\\\[int:#{arraySize}\\\\]).*(:NotNull:exact\\\\[\\\\d+\\\\]).*" + IRNode.END, ">=1",
-                                          IRNode.START + "Store#{ptyIR}" + IRNode.MID + "(Memory: @aryptr:#{pty}\\\\[int:#{arraySize}\\\\]).*(:NotNull:exact\\\\[\\\\d+\\\\]).*" + IRNode.END, "<=2"},
+                            @IR(counts = {IRNode.START + "Store#{ptyIR}" + IRNode.MID + "(Memory: @aryptr:[a-z_]*:#{pty}\\\\[int:#{arraySize}\\\\]).*(:NotNull:exact:[a-z_:]*\\\\[\\\\d+\\\\]).*" + IRNode.END, ">=1",
+                                          IRNode.START + "Store#{ptyIR}" + IRNode.MID + "(Memory: @aryptr:[a-z_]*:#{pty}\\\\[int:#{arraySize}\\\\]).*(:NotNull:exact:[a-z_:].*\\\\[\\\\d+\\\\]).*" + IRNode.END, "<=2"},
                                 applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx512", "true", "sve", "true"},
                                 phase = CompilePhase.BEFORE_MATCHING)
                         """;
                         case STORE_SCATTER ->
                         """
-                            @IR(counts = {IRNode.START + "Store#{ptyIR}" + IRNode.MID + "(Memory: @aryptr:#{pty}\\\\[int:#{arraySize}\\\\]).*(:NotNull:exact\\\\[\\\\d+\\\\]).*" + IRNode.END, "=1"},
+                            @IR(counts = {IRNode.START + "Store#{ptyIR}" + IRNode.MID + "(Memory: @aryptr:[a-z_]*:#{pty}\\\\[int:#{arraySize}\\\\]).*(:NotNull:exact:[a-z_:]*\\\\[\\\\d+\\\\]).*" + IRNode.END, "=1"},
                                 applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx512", "true", "sve", "true"},
                                 phase = CompilePhase.BEFORE_MATCHING)
                         """;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/bmi/BMITestRunner.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/bmi/BMITestRunner.java
index b51ee9efe33..6a79355aee9 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/bmi/BMITestRunner.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/bmi/BMITestRunner.java
@@ -125,8 +125,7 @@ public static OutputAnalyzer runTest(Class<? extends Expr> expr,
         // Hide timestamps from warnings (e.g. due to potential AOT
         // saved/runtime state mismatch), to avoid false positives when
         // comparing output across runs.
-        vmOpts.add("-Xlog:all=warning:stdout:level,tags");
-        vmOpts.add("-Xlog:aot=off");
+        vmOpts.add("-Xlog:all=warning,aot=off:stdout:level,tags");
 
         //setup mode-specific options
         switch (testVMMode) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/klass/TestGetModifiers.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/klass/TestGetModifiers.java
index eb0bed6e012..23cf7f90a1d 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/klass/TestGetModifiers.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/klass/TestGetModifiers.java
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2022, Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,6 +26,8 @@
 /*
  * @test
  * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @run main/othervm -Xint
  *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*TestGetModifiers.test
  *                   compiler.intrinsics.klass.TestGetModifiers
@@ -34,6 +37,8 @@
  * @test
  * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled
  * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @run main/othervm -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1 -XX:+TieredCompilation
  *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*TestGetModifiers.test
  *                   compiler.intrinsics.klass.TestGetModifiers
@@ -43,6 +48,8 @@
  * @test
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
  * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @run main/othervm -XX:-TieredCompilation
  *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*TestGetModifiers.test
  *                   compiler.intrinsics.klass.TestGetModifiers
@@ -50,10 +57,11 @@
 
 package compiler.intrinsics.klass;
 
-import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY;
 import static java.lang.reflect.Modifier.*;
 
 import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
 
 public class TestGetModifiers {
     public static class T1 {
@@ -78,17 +86,17 @@ static void test(Class cl, int expectedMods) {
         for (int i = 0; i < 100_000; i++) {
             int actualMods = cl.getModifiers();
             if (actualMods != expectedMods) {
-                throw new IllegalStateException("Error with: " + cl);
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Error with: " + cl + " : " + actualMods  + " vs " + expectedMods);
             }
         }
     }
 
     public static void main(String... args) {
-        test(T1.class,                                      PUBLIC | STATIC);
-        test(T2.class,                                      PUBLIC | FINAL | STATIC);
-        test(T3.class,                                      PRIVATE | STATIC);
-        test(T4.class,                                      PROTECTED | STATIC);
-        test(new TestGetModifiers().new T5().getClass(),    0);
+        test(T1.class,                                      PUBLIC | STATIC | ACC_IDENTITY);
+        test(T2.class,                                      PUBLIC | FINAL | STATIC | ACC_IDENTITY);
+        test(T3.class,                                      PRIVATE | STATIC | ACC_IDENTITY);
+        test(T4.class,                                      PROTECTED | STATIC | ACC_IDENTITY);
+        test(new TestGetModifiers().new T5().getClass(),       ACC_IDENTITY);
         test(T6.class,                                      ABSTRACT | STATIC | INTERFACE);
 
         test(int.class,                                     PUBLIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL);
@@ -99,20 +107,20 @@ public static void main(String... args) {
         test(byte.class,                                    PUBLIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL);
         test(short.class,                                   PUBLIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL);
         test(void.class,                                    PUBLIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL);
-        test(int[].class,                                   PUBLIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL);
-        test(long[].class,                                  PUBLIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL);
-        test(double[].class,                                PUBLIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL);
-        test(float[].class,                                 PUBLIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL);
-        test(char[].class,                                  PUBLIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL);
-        test(byte[].class,                                  PUBLIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL);
-        test(short[].class,                                 PUBLIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL);
-        test(Object[].class,                                PUBLIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL);
-        test(TestGetModifiers[].class,                      PUBLIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL);
-
-        test(new TestGetModifiers().getClass(),             PUBLIC);
-        test(new T1().getClass(),                           PUBLIC | STATIC);
-        test(new T2().getClass(),                           PUBLIC | FINAL | STATIC);
-        test(new T3().getClass(),                           PRIVATE | STATIC);
-        test(new T4().getClass(),                           PROTECTED | STATIC);
+        test(int[].class,                                   PUBLIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL | (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() ? ACC_IDENTITY : 0));
+        test(long[].class,                                  PUBLIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL | (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() ? ACC_IDENTITY : 0));
+        test(double[].class,                                PUBLIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL | (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() ? ACC_IDENTITY : 0));
+        test(float[].class,                                 PUBLIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL | (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() ? ACC_IDENTITY : 0));
+        test(char[].class,                                  PUBLIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL | (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() ? ACC_IDENTITY : 0));
+        test(byte[].class,                                  PUBLIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL | (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() ? ACC_IDENTITY : 0));
+        test(short[].class,                                 PUBLIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL | (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() ? ACC_IDENTITY : 0));
+        test(Object[].class,                                PUBLIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL | (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() ? ACC_IDENTITY : 0));
+        test(TestGetModifiers[].class,                      PUBLIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL | (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() ? ACC_IDENTITY : 0));
+
+        test(new TestGetModifiers().getClass(),             PUBLIC | ACC_IDENTITY);
+        test(new T1().getClass(),                           PUBLIC | STATIC | ACC_IDENTITY);
+        test(new T2().getClass(),                           PUBLIC | FINAL | STATIC | ACC_IDENTITY);
+        test(new T3().getClass(),                           PRIVATE | STATIC | ACC_IDENTITY);
+        test(new T4().getClass(),                           PROTECTED | STATIC | ACC_IDENTITY);
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java
index a3ac0b78a11..7038e761abc 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.shared.CheckedTestFrameworkException;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.shared.TestFormat;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.shared.TestFormatException;
+import compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode;
 import jdk.test.lib.Platform;
 import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
 
@@ -87,7 +88,7 @@ public class IRNode {
     /**
      * Prefix for normal IR nodes.
      */
-    private static final String PREFIX = "_#";
+    public static final String PREFIX = "_#";
     /**
      * Prefix for composite IR nodes.
      */
@@ -151,6 +152,12 @@ public class IRNode {
      * }
      */
 
+    // Valhalla: Make sure that all Valhalla specific IR nodes are also properly initialized. Doing it here also
+    //           ensures that the Flag VM is able to pick up the correct compile phases.
+    static {
+        InlineTypeIRNode.forceStaticInitialization();
+    }
+
     public static final String ABS_D = PREFIX + "ABS_D" + POSTFIX;
     static {
         beforeMatchingNameRegex(ABS_D, "AbsD");
@@ -392,8 +399,12 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String ALLOC_OF = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "ALLOC_OF" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        String regex = START + "Allocate\\b" + MID + "allocationKlass:.*\\b" + IS_REPLACED + "\\s.*" + END;
-        macroNodes(ALLOC_OF, regex);
+        allocateOfNodes(ALLOC_OF, IS_REPLACED);
+    }
+
+    public static void allocateOfNodes(String irNodePlaceholder, String allocatee) {
+        String regex = START + "Allocate\\b" + MID + "allocationKlass:.*\\b" + allocatee + "\\s.*" + END;
+        macroNodes(irNodePlaceholder, regex);
     }
 
     public static final String ALLOC_ARRAY = PREFIX + "ALLOC_ARRAY" + POSTFIX;
@@ -404,6 +415,10 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String ALLOC_ARRAY_OF = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "ALLOC_ARRAY_OF" + POSTFIX;
     static {
+        allocateArrayOfNodes(ALLOC_ARRAY_OF, IS_REPLACED);
+    }
+
+    public static void allocateArrayOfNodes(String irNodePlaceholder, String allocatee) {
         // Assuming we are looking for an array of "some/package/MyClass". The printout is
         // [Lsome/package/MyClass;
         // or, with more dimensions
@@ -422,9 +437,9 @@ public class IRNode {
         //   but will eat the package path prefix in the cases described above
         // - the name we are looking for
         // - the final ";".
-        String name_part = "\\[+.(" + partial_name_prefix + ")?" + IS_REPLACED + ";";
+        String name_part = "\\[+.(" + partial_name_prefix + ")?" + allocatee + ";";
         String regex = START + "AllocateArray\\b" + MID + "allocationKlass:" + name_part + ".*" + END;
-        macroNodes(ALLOC_ARRAY_OF, regex);
+        macroNodes(irNodePlaceholder, regex);
     }
 
     public static final String OR = PREFIX + "OR" + POSTFIX;
@@ -489,17 +504,40 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String CALL_OF = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "CALL_OF" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        callOfNodes(CALL_OF, "Call.*");
+        callOfNodes(CALL_OF, "Call.*", IS_REPLACED + " " );
     }
 
     public static final String CALL_OF_METHOD = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "CALL_OF_METHOD" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        callOfNodes(CALL_OF_METHOD, "Call.*Java");
+        callOfNodes(CALL_OF_METHOD, "Call.*Java", IS_REPLACED + " ");
+    }
+
+    public static final String STATIC_CALL = PREFIX + "STATIC_CALL" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        beforeMatchingNameRegex(STATIC_CALL, "CallStaticJava");
     }
 
     public static final String STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        callOfNodes(STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "CallStaticJava");
+        staticCallOfMethodNodes(STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IS_REPLACED + " ");
+    }
+
+    public static void staticCallOfMethodNodes(String irNodePlaceholder, String calleeRegex) {
+        callOfNodes(irNodePlaceholder, "CallStaticJava", calleeRegex);
+    }
+
+    public static final String CALL_LEAF_NO_FP = PREFIX + "CALL_LEAF_NO_FP" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        beforeMatchingNameRegex(CALL_LEAF_NO_FP, "CallLeafNoFP");
+    }
+
+    public static final String CALL_LEAF_NO_FP_OF_METHOD = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "CALL_LEAF_NO_FP_OF_METHOD" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        callLeafNoFpOfMethodNodes(CALL_LEAF_NO_FP_OF_METHOD, IS_REPLACED);
+    }
+
+    public static void callLeafNoFpOfMethodNodes(String irNodePlaceholder, String calleeRegex) {
+        callOfNodes(irNodePlaceholder, "CallLeafNoFP", calleeRegex);
     }
 
     public static final String CAST_II = PREFIX + "CAST_II" + POSTFIX;
@@ -626,6 +664,11 @@ public class IRNode {
         beforeMatchingNameRegex(CMP_N, "CmpN");
     }
 
+    public static final String CMP_P_OR_N = PREFIX + "CMP_P_OR_N" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        beforeMatchingNameRegex(CMP_P_OR_N, "Cmp(P|N)");
+    }
+
     public static final String CMP_LT_MASK = PREFIX + "CMP_LT_MASK" + POSTFIX;
     static {
         beforeMatchingNameRegex(CMP_LT_MASK, "CmpLTMask");
@@ -810,7 +853,7 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String DYNAMIC_CALL_OF_METHOD = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "DYNAMIC_CALL_OF_METHOD" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        callOfNodes(DYNAMIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "CallDynamicJava");
+        callOfNodes(DYNAMIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "CallDynamicJava", IS_REPLACED);
     }
 
     public static final String EXPAND_BITS = PREFIX + "EXPAND_BITS" + POSTFIX;
@@ -946,6 +989,11 @@ public class IRNode {
         beforeMatchingNameRegex(IF, "If\\b");
     }
 
+    public static final String INLINE_TYPE = PREFIX + "INLINE_TYPE" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        beforeMatchingNameRegex(INLINE_TYPE, "InlineType");
+    }
+
     public static final String INTRINSIC_TRAP = PREFIX + "INTRINSIC_TRAP" + POSTFIX;
     static {
         trapNodes(INTRINSIC_TRAP, "intrinsic");
@@ -986,7 +1034,11 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String LOAD_OF_CLASS = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "LOAD_OF_CLASS" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        loadOfNodes(LOAD_OF_CLASS, "Load(B|UB|S|US|I|L|F|D|P|N)");
+        anyLoadOfNodes(LOAD_OF_CLASS, IS_REPLACED);
+    }
+
+    public static void anyLoadOfNodes(String irNodePlaceholder, String fieldHolder) {
+        loadOfNodes(irNodePlaceholder, "Load(B|UB|S|US|I|L|F|D|P|N)", fieldHolder);
     }
 
     public static final String LOAD_B = PREFIX + "LOAD_B" + POSTFIX;
@@ -996,7 +1048,7 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String LOAD_B_OF_CLASS = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "LOAD_B_OF_CLASS" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        loadOfNodes(LOAD_B_OF_CLASS, "LoadB");
+        loadOfNodes(LOAD_B_OF_CLASS, "LoadB", IS_REPLACED);
     }
 
     public static final String LOAD_D = PREFIX + "LOAD_D" + POSTFIX;
@@ -1006,7 +1058,7 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String LOAD_D_OF_CLASS = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "LOAD_D_OF_CLASS" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        loadOfNodes(LOAD_D_OF_CLASS, "LoadD");
+        loadOfNodes(LOAD_D_OF_CLASS, "LoadD", IS_REPLACED);
     }
 
     public static final String LOAD_F = PREFIX + "LOAD_F" + POSTFIX;
@@ -1016,7 +1068,7 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String LOAD_F_OF_CLASS = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "LOAD_F_OF_CLASS" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        loadOfNodes(LOAD_F_OF_CLASS, "LoadF");
+        loadOfNodes(LOAD_F_OF_CLASS, "LoadF", IS_REPLACED);
     }
 
     public static final String LOAD_I = PREFIX + "LOAD_I" + POSTFIX;
@@ -1026,7 +1078,7 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String LOAD_I_OF_CLASS = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "LOAD_I_OF_CLASS" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        loadOfNodes(LOAD_I_OF_CLASS, "LoadI");
+        loadOfNodes(LOAD_I_OF_CLASS, "LoadI", IS_REPLACED);
     }
 
     public static final String LOAD_KLASS = PREFIX + "LOAD_KLASS" + POSTFIX;
@@ -1051,7 +1103,7 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String LOAD_L_OF_CLASS = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "LOAD_L_OF_CLASS" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        loadOfNodes(LOAD_L_OF_CLASS, "LoadL");
+        loadOfNodes(LOAD_L_OF_CLASS, "LoadL", IS_REPLACED);
     }
 
     public static final String LOAD_N = PREFIX + "LOAD_N" + POSTFIX;
@@ -1061,7 +1113,7 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String LOAD_N_OF_CLASS = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "LOAD_N_OF_CLASS" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        loadOfNodes(LOAD_N_OF_CLASS, "LoadN");
+        loadOfNodes(LOAD_N_OF_CLASS, "LoadN", IS_REPLACED);
     }
 
     public static final String LOAD_OF_FIELD = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "LOAD_OF_FIELD" + POSTFIX;
@@ -1077,7 +1129,7 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String LOAD_P_OF_CLASS = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "LOAD_P_OF_CLASS" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        loadOfNodes(LOAD_P_OF_CLASS, "LoadP");
+        loadOfNodes(LOAD_P_OF_CLASS, "LoadP", IS_REPLACED);
     }
 
     public static final String LOAD_S = PREFIX + "LOAD_S" + POSTFIX;
@@ -1087,7 +1139,7 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String LOAD_S_OF_CLASS = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "LOAD_S_OF_CLASS" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        loadOfNodes(LOAD_S_OF_CLASS, "LoadS");
+        loadOfNodes(LOAD_S_OF_CLASS, "LoadS", IS_REPLACED);
     }
 
     public static final String LOAD_UB = PREFIX + "LOAD_UB" + POSTFIX;
@@ -1097,7 +1149,7 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String LOAD_UB_OF_CLASS = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "LOAD_UB_OF_CLASS" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        loadOfNodes(LOAD_UB_OF_CLASS, "LoadUB");
+        loadOfNodes(LOAD_UB_OF_CLASS, "LoadUB", IS_REPLACED);
     }
 
     public static final String LOAD_US = PREFIX + "LOAD_US" + POSTFIX;
@@ -1107,7 +1159,7 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String LOAD_US_OF_CLASS = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "LOAD_US_OF_CLASS" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        loadOfNodes(LOAD_US_OF_CLASS, "LoadUS");
+        loadOfNodes(LOAD_US_OF_CLASS, "LoadUS", IS_REPLACED);
     }
 
     public static final String LOAD_VECTOR_B = VECTOR_PREFIX + "LOAD_VECTOR_B" + POSTFIX;
@@ -2103,7 +2155,7 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String STORE_B_OF_CLASS = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "STORE_B_OF_CLASS" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        storeOfNodes(STORE_B_OF_CLASS, "StoreB");
+        storeOfNodes(STORE_B_OF_CLASS, "StoreB", IS_REPLACED);
     }
 
     public static final String STORE_C = PREFIX + "STORE_C" + POSTFIX;
@@ -2113,7 +2165,7 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String STORE_C_OF_CLASS = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "STORE_C_OF_CLASS" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        storeOfNodes(STORE_C_OF_CLASS, "StoreC");
+        storeOfNodes(STORE_C_OF_CLASS, "StoreC", IS_REPLACED);
     }
 
     public static final String STORE_D = PREFIX + "STORE_D" + POSTFIX;
@@ -2123,7 +2175,7 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String STORE_D_OF_CLASS = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "STORE_D_OF_CLASS" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        storeOfNodes(STORE_D_OF_CLASS, "StoreD");
+        storeOfNodes(STORE_D_OF_CLASS, "StoreD", IS_REPLACED);
     }
 
     public static final String STORE_F = PREFIX + "STORE_F" + POSTFIX;
@@ -2133,7 +2185,7 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String STORE_F_OF_CLASS = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "STORE_F_OF_CLASS" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        storeOfNodes(STORE_F_OF_CLASS, "StoreF");
+        storeOfNodes(STORE_F_OF_CLASS, "StoreF", IS_REPLACED);
     }
 
     public static final String STORE_I = PREFIX + "STORE_I" + POSTFIX;
@@ -2143,7 +2195,7 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String STORE_I_OF_CLASS = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "STORE_I_OF_CLASS" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        storeOfNodes(STORE_I_OF_CLASS, "StoreI");
+        storeOfNodes(STORE_I_OF_CLASS, "StoreI", IS_REPLACED);
     }
 
     public static final String STORE_L = PREFIX + "STORE_L" + POSTFIX;
@@ -2153,7 +2205,7 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String STORE_L_OF_CLASS = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "STORE_L_OF_CLASS" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        storeOfNodes(STORE_L_OF_CLASS, "StoreL");
+        storeOfNodes(STORE_L_OF_CLASS, "StoreL", IS_REPLACED);
     }
 
     public static final String STORE_N = PREFIX + "STORE_N" + POSTFIX;
@@ -2163,12 +2215,16 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String STORE_N_OF_CLASS = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "STORE_N_OF_CLASS" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        storeOfNodes(STORE_N_OF_CLASS, "StoreN");
+        storeOfNodes(STORE_N_OF_CLASS, "StoreN", IS_REPLACED);
     }
 
     public static final String STORE_OF_CLASS = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "STORE_OF_CLASS" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        storeOfNodes(STORE_OF_CLASS, "Store(B|C|S|I|L|F|D|P|N)");
+        anyStoreOfNodes(STORE_OF_CLASS, IS_REPLACED);
+    }
+
+    public static void anyStoreOfNodes(String irNodePlaceholder, String fieldHolder) {
+        storeOfNodes(irNodePlaceholder, "Store(B|C|S|I|L|F|D|P|N)", fieldHolder);
     }
 
     public static final String STORE_OF_FIELD = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "STORE_OF_FIELD" + POSTFIX;
@@ -2184,7 +2240,7 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String STORE_P_OF_CLASS = COMPOSITE_PREFIX + "STORE_P_OF_CLASS" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        storeOfNodes(STORE_P_OF_CLASS, "StoreP");
+        storeOfNodes(STORE_P_OF_CLASS, "StoreP", IS_REPLACED);
     }
 
     public static final String STORE_VECTOR = PREFIX + "STORE_VECTOR" + POSTFIX;
@@ -2284,7 +2340,8 @@ public class IRNode {
 
     public static final String SUBTYPE_CHECK = PREFIX + "SUBTYPE_CHECK" + POSTFIX;
     static {
-        beforeMatchingNameRegex(SUBTYPE_CHECK, "SubTypeCheck");
+        String regex = START + "SubTypeCheck" + MID + END;
+        macroNodes(SUBTYPE_CHECK, regex);
     }
 
     public static final String TRAP = PREFIX + "TRAP" + POSTFIX;
@@ -3298,7 +3355,7 @@ public class IRNode {
      * Apply {@code regex} on all machine independent ideal graph phases up to and including
      * {@link CompilePhase#BEFORE_MATCHING}.
      */
-    private static void beforeMatching(String irNodePlaceholder, String regex) {
+    public static void beforeMatching(String irNodePlaceholder, String regex) {
         IR_NODE_MAPPINGS.put(irNodePlaceholder, new RegexTypeEntry(RegexType.IDEAL_INDEPENDENT, regex));
     }
 
@@ -3334,8 +3391,8 @@ private static void macroNodes(String irNodePlaceholder, String regex) {
                                                                           CompilePhase.BEFORE_MACRO_EXPANSION));
     }
 
-    private static void callOfNodes(String irNodePlaceholder, String callRegex) {
-        String regex = START + callRegex + MID + IS_REPLACED + " " +  END;
+    private static void callOfNodes(String irNodePlaceholder, String callRegex, String calleeRegex) {
+        String regex = START + callRegex + MID + calleeRegex + END;
         IR_NODE_MAPPINGS.put(irNodePlaceholder, new RegexTypeEntry(RegexType.IDEAL_INDEPENDENT, regex));
     }
 
@@ -3343,7 +3400,7 @@ private static void callOfNodes(String irNodePlaceholder, String callRegex) {
      * Apply {@code regex} on all machine dependant ideal graph phases (i.e. on the mach graph) starting from
      * {@link CompilePhase#MATCHING}.
      */
-    private static void optoOnly(String irNodePlaceholder, String regex) {
+    public static void optoOnly(String irNodePlaceholder, String regex) {
         IR_NODE_MAPPINGS.put(irNodePlaceholder, new RegexTypeEntry(RegexType.OPTO_ASSEMBLY, regex));
     }
 
@@ -3437,13 +3494,13 @@ private static void parsePredicateNodes(String irNodePlaceholder, String label)
     // .* tries to match the remaining of the pattern
     private static final String LOAD_STORE_SUFFIX = "( \\([^\\)]+\\))?:\\w+.*";
 
-    private static void loadOfNodes(String irNodePlaceholder, String irNodeRegex) {
-        String regex = START + irNodeRegex + MID + LOAD_STORE_PREFIX + IS_REPLACED + LOAD_STORE_SUFFIX + END;
+    private static void loadOfNodes(String irNodePlaceholder, String irNodeRegex, String loadee) {
+        String regex = START + irNodeRegex + MID + LOAD_STORE_PREFIX + loadee + LOAD_STORE_SUFFIX + END;
         beforeMatching(irNodePlaceholder, regex);
     }
 
-    private static void storeOfNodes(String irNodePlaceholder, String irNodeRegex) {
-        String regex = START + irNodeRegex + MID + LOAD_STORE_PREFIX + IS_REPLACED + LOAD_STORE_SUFFIX + END;
+    private static void storeOfNodes(String irNodePlaceholder, String irNodeRegex, String storee) {
+        String regex = START + irNodeRegex + MID + LOAD_STORE_PREFIX + storee + LOAD_STORE_SUFFIX + END;
         beforeMatching(irNodePlaceholder, regex);
     }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/TestFramework.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/TestFramework.java
index e7fd51e4f39..1ec39fbc300 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/TestFramework.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/TestFramework.java
@@ -655,6 +655,18 @@ public static void assertDeoptimizedByC2(Method m) {
         TestVM.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Checks if deopt of {@code m} is stable at the specified {@code compLevel}.
+     *
+     * @param m the method to be checked.
+     * @param compLevel the compilation level.
+     * @return {@code true} if deopt of {@code m} is stable at {@code compLevel};
+     *         {@code false} otherwise.
+     */
+    public static boolean isStableDeopt(Method m, CompLevel compLevel) {
+        return TestVM.isStableDeopt(m, compLevel);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Returns a different boolean each time this method is invoked (switching between {@code false} and {@code true}).
      * The very first invocation returns {@code false}. Note that this method could be used by different tests and
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java
index 71f71928442..9c19ed4c8ef 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java
@@ -466,6 +466,9 @@ private boolean check(String flag, String value) {
         if (actualFlagValue != null) {
             return value.equals(actualFlagValue);
         }
+        if (flag.equals("enable-valhalla")) {
+            return checkBooleanFlag(flag, value, Integer.class.isValue());
+        }
 
         // This could be improved if the Whitebox offers a "isVMFlag" function. For now, just check if we can actually set
         // a value for a string flag. If we find this value, it's a string flag. If null is returned, the flag is unknown.
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/TestVM.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/TestVM.java
index ac52bcaaa98..e6156605423 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/TestVM.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/TestVM.java
@@ -104,6 +104,7 @@ assertions from main() of your test!
     private static final boolean PRINT_VALID_IR_RULES = Boolean.getBoolean("ShouldDoIRVerification");
     protected static final long PER_METHOD_TRAP_LIMIT = (Long)WHITE_BOX.getVMFlag("PerMethodTrapLimit");
     protected static final boolean PROFILE_INTERPRETER = (Boolean)WHITE_BOX.getVMFlag("ProfileInterpreter");
+    protected static final boolean DEOPT_BARRIERS_ALOT = (Boolean)WHITE_BOX.getVMFlag("DeoptimizeNMethodBarriersALot");
     private static final boolean FLIP_C1_C2 = Boolean.getBoolean("FlipC1C2");
     private static final boolean IGNORE_COMPILER_CONTROLS = Boolean.getBoolean("IgnoreCompilerControls");
 
@@ -257,8 +258,11 @@ private void start() {
     }
 
     private void setupTests() {
-        for (Class<?> clazz : testClass.getDeclaredClasses()) {
-            checkAnnotationsInClass(clazz, "inner");
+        // TODO remove this once JDK-8273591 is fixed
+        if (!IGNORE_COMPILER_CONTROLS) {
+            for (Class<?> clazz : testClass.getDeclaredClasses()) {
+                checkAnnotationsInClass(clazz, "inner");
+            }
         }
         if (DUMP_REPLAY) {
             addReplay();
@@ -936,24 +940,23 @@ public static boolean isCompiledAtLevel(Method m, CompLevel compLevel) {
     }
 
     public static void assertDeoptimizedByC1(Method m) {
-        if (notUnstableDeoptAssertion(m, CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)) {
-            TestRun.check(compiledByC1(m) != TriState.Yes || PER_METHOD_TRAP_LIMIT == 0 || !PROFILE_INTERPRETER,
-                          m + " should have been deoptimized by C1");
+        if (isStableDeopt(m, CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)) {
+            TestRun.check(compiledByC1(m) != TriState.Yes, m + " should have been deoptimized by C1");
         }
     }
 
     public static void assertDeoptimizedByC2(Method m) {
-        if (notUnstableDeoptAssertion(m, CompLevel.C2)) {
-            TestRun.check(compiledByC2(m) != TriState.Yes || PER_METHOD_TRAP_LIMIT == 0 || !PROFILE_INTERPRETER,
-                          m + " should have been deoptimized by C2");
+        if (isStableDeopt(m, CompLevel.C2)) {
+            TestRun.check(compiledByC2(m) != TriState.Yes, m + " should have been deoptimized by C2");
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * Some VM flags could make the deopt assertions unstable.
      */
-    private static boolean notUnstableDeoptAssertion(Method m, CompLevel level) {
+    public static boolean isStableDeopt(Method m, CompLevel level) {
         return (USE_COMPILER && !XCOMP && !IGNORE_COMPILER_CONTROLS && !TEST_C1 &&
+                PER_METHOD_TRAP_LIMIT != 0 && PROFILE_INTERPRETER && !DEOPT_BARRIERS_ALOT &&
                 (!EXCLUDE_RANDOM || WHITE_BOX.isMethodCompilable(m, level.getValue(), false)));
     }
 
@@ -1009,7 +1012,7 @@ private static TriState compiledAtLevel(Method m, CompLevel level) {
                 default -> throw new TestRunException("compiledAtLevel() should not be called with " + level);
             }
         }
-        if (!USE_COMPILER || XCOMP || TEST_C1 || IGNORE_COMPILER_CONTROLS || FLIP_C1_C2 ||
+        if (!USE_COMPILER || XCOMP || TEST_C1 || IGNORE_COMPILER_CONTROLS || FLIP_C1_C2 || DEOPT_BARRIERS_ALOT ||
             (EXCLUDE_RANDOM && !WHITE_BOX.isMethodCompilable(m, level.getValue(), false))) {
             return TriState.Maybe;
         }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/locks/TestLockElimination.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/locks/TestLockElimination.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2ee031ab8d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/locks/TestLockElimination.java
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8366879
+ * @summary Test that locks are successfully eliminated by C2.
+ * @library /test/lib  /
+ * @run driver compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestLockElimination
+ */
+public class TestLockElimination {
+
+    static class MyClass {
+        public synchronized int val() {
+            return 42;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.ALLOC, IRNode.FAST_LOCK, IRNode.FAST_UNLOCK })
+    public static int test(int max) {
+        MyClass obj = new MyClass();
+        int res = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < max; i++) {
+            int x = obj.val();
+            int y = obj.val();
+            res += x + y;
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test")
+    public static void test_runner() {
+        int res = test(3);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, 252);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestFramework.run();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/SplitIfSharedFastLockBehindCastPP.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/SplitIfSharedFastLockBehindCastPP.java
index 628a5a4cb75..84c155031f1 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/SplitIfSharedFastLockBehindCastPP.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/loopopts/SplitIfSharedFastLockBehindCastPP.java
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 /*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2019, Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -70,6 +71,14 @@ private static void test1(boolean flag, Object obj) {
         }
     }
 
+    static class MyBox {
+        int val;
+
+        public MyBox(int val) {
+            this.val = val;
+        }
+    }
+
     private static Object test2(boolean flag) {
         int integer;
         if (flag) {
@@ -80,7 +89,7 @@ private static Object test2(boolean flag) {
             integer = 2;
         }
 
-        Object obj = integer;
+        Object obj = new MyBox(integer);
 
         // This loop will be unswitched. The condition becomes candidate for split if
         for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stable/TestStableArrayMembars.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stable/TestStableArrayMembars.java
index 9d7babddfb9..77d1ae9c918 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stable/TestStableArrayMembars.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stable/TestStableArrayMembars.java
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
  * @summary Test that membars are eliminated when loading from a stable array.
  * @library /test/lib /
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
  * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
@@ -34,20 +35,32 @@
 package compiler.stable;
 
 import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
 
 import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.Stable;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
 
 public class TestStableArrayMembars {
 
     private static final Unsafe UNSAFE = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
 
+    private static final int THE_VALUE = 42;
+
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         TestFramework tf = new TestFramework();
         tf.addTestClassesToBootClassPath();
-        tf.addFlags( "--add-exports=java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED");
+        tf.addFlags("--add-exports=java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                    "--add-exports=java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED");
+        if (Integer.class.isValue()) {
+            tf.addCrossProductScenarios(Set.of("", "-XX:-UseArrayFlattening",
+                                               "-XX:-UseArrayFlattening -XX:-InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs",
+                                               "-XX:-UseArrayFlattening -XX:-InlineTypeReturnedAsFields",
+                                               "-XX:-UseArrayFlattening -XX:-InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs -XX:-InlineTypeReturnedAsFields"));
+        }
         tf.start();
     }
 
@@ -61,36 +74,42 @@ static final class LazyIntArray {
 
         @ForceInline
         Integer get(int idx) {
-            Integer i = contentsAcquire(offsetFor(idx));
+            Integer i = contentsAcquire(offsetFor(arr, idx));
             return i == null ? slowPath(arr, idx) : i;
         }
 
         @ForceInline
         private Integer contentsAcquire(long offset) {
-            return (Integer) UNSAFE.getReferenceAcquire(arr, offset);
+            return (Integer) (ValueClass.isFlatArray(arr) ?
+                UNSAFE.getFlatValueAcquire(arr, offset, UNSAFE.arrayLayout(arr), Integer.class) :
+                UNSAFE.getReferenceAcquire(arr, offset));
         }
 
         @ForceInline
-        private static long offsetFor(long index) {
-            return Unsafe.ARRAY_OBJECT_BASE_OFFSET + Unsafe.ARRAY_OBJECT_INDEX_SCALE * index;
+        private static long offsetFor(Integer[] arr, long index) {
+            return UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(arr) + UNSAFE.arrayInstanceIndexScale(arr) * index;
         }
 
         static Integer slowPath(final Integer[] array, final int index) {
-            final long offset = offsetFor(index);
+            final long offset = offsetFor(array, index);
             final Integer t = array[index];
             if (t == null) {
-                final Integer newValue = Integer.valueOf(42);
+                final Integer newValue = Integer.valueOf(THE_VALUE);
                 Objects.requireNonNull(newValue);
-                set(array, index, newValue);
+                set(array, index, offset, newValue);
 
                 return newValue;
             }
             return t;
         }
 
-        static void set(Integer[] array, int index, Integer newValue) {
+        static void set(Integer[] array, int index, long offset, Integer newValue) {
             if (array[index] == null) {
-                UNSAFE.putReferenceRelease(array, Unsafe.ARRAY_OBJECT_BASE_OFFSET + Unsafe.ARRAY_OBJECT_INDEX_SCALE * (long) index, newValue);
+                if (!ValueClass.isFlatArray(array)) {
+                    UNSAFE.putReferenceRelease(array, offset, newValue);
+                } else {
+                    UNSAFE.putFlatValueRelease(array, offset, UNSAFE.arrayLayout(array), Integer.class, newValue);
+                }
             }
         }
     }
@@ -98,8 +117,28 @@ static void set(Integer[] array, int index, Integer newValue) {
     static final LazyIntArray la = new LazyIntArray();
 
     @Test
-    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.LOAD, IRNode.MEMBAR })
+    // We cannot eliminate all barriers with flat arrays, because Unsafe.getFlatValueAcquire()
+    // explicitly adds a loadFence() in Java. Hence, there is no way for C2 to correlate those
+    // barriers to an eliminated memory access and thus no way to remove them.
+    // The barrier elimination only works with tiered compilation as the profiling information
+    // is necessary to inline the low-frequency Unsafe.put* methods.
+    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.LOAD, IRNode.MEMBAR },
+        applyIfAnd = {"enable-valhalla", "false",
+                      "TieredCompilation", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = { IRNode.LOAD, IRNode.MEMBAR },
+        applyIfAnd = {"UseArrayFlattening", "false",
+                      "TieredCompilation", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.MEMBAR, ">0",
+                   IRNode.LOAD, "=1"}, // There is exactly one load fence, but no load
+        applyIfAnd = {"enable-valhalla", "true",
+                      "UseArrayFlattening", "true",
+                      "TieredCompilation", "true"})
     static Integer test() {
         return la.get(0);
     }
+
+    @Check(test = "test")
+    static void check(Integer testResult) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(THE_VALUE, testResult.intValue(), "Incorrect result from LazyIntArray");
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/startup/StartupOutput.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/startup/StartupOutput.java
index bb08a2c0a2d..efccb8ed3ee 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/startup/StartupOutput.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/startup/StartupOutput.java
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
 
         // On s390x, generated code is ~6x larger in fastdebug and ~1.4x in release builds vs. other archs,
         // hence we require slightly more minimum space.
-        int minInitialSize = 800 + (Platform.isS390x() ? 800 : 0);
+        int minInitialSize = 1300 + (Platform.isS390x() ? 800 : 0);
         for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
             int initialCodeCacheSizeInKb = minInitialSize + rand.nextInt(400);
             int reservedCodeCacheSizeInKb = initialCodeCacheSizeInKb + rand.nextInt(200);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/tiered/ConstantGettersTransitionsTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/tiered/ConstantGettersTransitionsTest.java
index 8f5032b9c9f..fe9e518da10 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/tiered/ConstantGettersTransitionsTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/tiered/ConstantGettersTransitionsTest.java
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 /**
  * @test ConstantGettersTransitionsTest
  * @summary Test the correctness of compilation level transitions for constant getters methods
+ * @requires vm.opt.final.TieredCompilation
  * @library /test/lib /
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  *          java.management
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/types/TestMeetIncompatibleInterfaceArrays.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/types/TestMeetIncompatibleInterfaceArrays.java
index d4f4649eb83..ffab91f8b3a 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/types/TestMeetIncompatibleInterfaceArrays.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/types/TestMeetIncompatibleInterfaceArrays.java
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 8141551
  * @summary C2 can not handle returns with inccompatible interface arrays
+ * @requires vm.opt.final.TieredCompilation
  * @requires vm.compMode == "Xmixed" & vm.flavor == "server"
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @library /testlibrary/asm
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/BlackholeTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/BlackholeTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bb1e6d75dba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/BlackholeTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2024, Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+/*
+ * @test BlackholeTest
+ * @summary Check that blackholes work with inline types
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm
+ *      -Xbatch -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *      -XX:CompileCommand=blackhole,compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/BlackholeTest.blackhole
+ *      compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.BlackholeTest
+ */
+
+public class BlackholeTest {
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue {
+        int x = 0;
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    static MyValue v = new MyValue();
+    @NullRestricted
+    static volatile MyValue vv = new MyValue();
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int c = 0; c < 5; c++) {
+            testNew();
+            testField();
+            testVolatileField();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void testNew() {
+        for (int c = 0; c < 100_000; c++) {
+            blackhole(new MyValue());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void testField() {
+        for (int c = 0; c < 100_000; c++) {
+            blackhole(v);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void testVolatileField() {
+        for (int c = 0; c < 100_000; c++) {
+            blackhole(vv);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void blackhole(MyValue v) {
+        // Should be empty
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/CorrectlyRestoreRfp.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/CorrectlyRestoreRfp.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..40bf3b316ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/CorrectlyRestoreRfp.java
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary When needing some stack extension for unpacking arguments from the non-scalarized entry point,
+ *          on Aarch64, LR (x30) and RFP (x29) are duplicated on the stack. But x29 can be used as an ordinary
+ *          register, and hold an oop whose value can be updated by the GC, which is aware of only one copy
+ *          of x29 on the stack. When returning, one must correctly restore x29 using the value known by the GC.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::*
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}*::compile_me_*
+ *                               ${test.main.class}
+ **/
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+
+public class CorrectlyRestoreRfp {
+    static final WhiteBox WHITE_BOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+    static final int COMP_LEVEL_SIMPLE = 1; // C1
+    static final int COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION = 4; // C2
+
+    static value class SmallValue {
+        int x1;
+        int x2;
+
+        public SmallValue(int i) {
+            this.x1 = i;
+            this.x2 = i;
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x1 = " + x1 + ", x2 = " + x2;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Large value class with oops (and different number of fields) that requires stack extension/repair
+    static value class LargeValueWithOops {
+        Object x1;
+        Object x2;
+        Object x3;
+        Object x4;
+        Object x5;
+
+        public LargeValueWithOops(Object obj) {
+            this.x1 = obj;
+            this.x2 = obj;
+            this.x3 = obj;
+            this.x4 = obj;
+            this.x5 = obj;
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x1 = " + x1 + ", x2 = " + x2 + ", x3 = " + x3 + ", x4 = " + x4 + ", x5 = " + x5;
+        }
+
+        public void verify(String loc, Object obj) {
+            if (x1 != obj || x2 != obj || x3 != obj || x4 != obj || x5 != obj) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result at " + loc + " for obj = " + obj + ": " + this);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static void compile_me_C2_verify(LargeValueWithOops val, String loc, Object obj, boolean useNull) {
+            val.verify(loc, obj);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void dontInline() { }
+
+    public static LargeValueWithOops testLargeValueWithOops(LargeValueWithOops val) {
+        dontInline(); // Prevent C2 from optimizing out below checks
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    public static LargeValueWithOops compile_me_C1_testLargeValueWithOopsHelper(Object obj) {
+        LargeValueWithOops val = new LargeValueWithOops(obj);
+        val = testLargeValueWithOops(val);
+        LargeValueWithOops.compile_me_C2_verify(val, "helper", obj, false);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    static class GarbageProducerThread extends Thread {
+        public void run() {
+            for (;;) {
+                // Produce some garbage and then let the GC do its work
+                Object[] arrays = new Object[1024];
+                for (int i = 0; i < arrays.length; i++) {
+                    arrays[i] = new int[1024];
+                }
+                System.gc();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        Method compile_me_C2_verify = LargeValueWithOops.class.getMethod("compile_me_C2_verify", LargeValueWithOops.class, String.class, Object.class, boolean.class);
+        WHITE_BOX.makeMethodNotCompilable(compile_me_C2_verify, COMP_LEVEL_SIMPLE, false);
+        Method compile_me_C1_testLargeValueWithOopsHelper = CorrectlyRestoreRfp.class.getMethod("compile_me_C1_testLargeValueWithOopsHelper", Object.class);
+        WHITE_BOX.makeMethodNotCompilable(compile_me_C1_testLargeValueWithOopsHelper, COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, false);
+
+        // Start another thread that does some allocations and calls System.gc()
+        // to trigger GCs while virtual threads are parked.
+        Thread garbage_producer = new GarbageProducerThread();
+        garbage_producer.setDaemon(true);
+        garbage_producer.start();
+
+        CountDownLatch cdl = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        Thread.ofPlatform().start(() -> {
+            try {
+                // Trigger compilation
+                for (int i = 0; i < 500_000; i++) {
+                    Object val = new SmallValue(i);
+                    var v = compile_me_C1_testLargeValueWithOopsHelper(val);
+                    LargeValueWithOops.compile_me_C2_verify(v, "return", val, false);
+                }
+                cdl.countDown();
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                System.out.println("Exception thrown: " + e);
+                e.printStackTrace(System.out);
+                System.exit(1);
+            }
+        });
+        cdl.await();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/GetfieldChains.jcod b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/GetfieldChains.jcod
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0320f2829be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/GetfieldChains.jcod
@@ -0,0 +1,744 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+// Generated from the following class files with PointN.x renamed and RectangleP.p1 made private
+// java org.openjdk.asmtools.Main jdec NamedRectangleN.class NamedRectangleP.class PointN.class RectangleN.class RectangleP.class
+
+/*
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class PointN {
+    int x; // Removed
+    int y;
+
+    PointN(int i, int j) {
+        x = i;
+        y = j;
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class RectangleN {
+    @NullRestricted
+    PointN p1 = new PointN(4, 7);
+}
+
+class NamedRectangleN {
+    @NullRestricted
+    RectangleN rect = new RectangleN();
+    String name = "";
+
+    static int getP1X(NamedRectangleN nr) {
+        return nr.rect.p1.x;
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class RectangleP {
+    @NullRestricted
+    PointN p1 = new PointN(4, 7); // Made private
+}
+
+class NamedRectangleP {
+    @NullRestricted
+    RectangleP rect = new RectangleP();
+    String name = "";
+
+    static int getP1Y(NamedRectangleP nr) {
+        return nr.rect.p1.y;
+    }
+}
+
+*/
+
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/NamedRectangleN {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    class #2; // #1
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/RectangleN"; // #2
+    Method #1 #4; // #3
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    Field #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #12; // #9
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/NamedRectangleN"; // #10
+    Utf8 "rect"; // #11
+    Utf8 "Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/RectangleN;"; // #12
+    String #14; // #13
+    Utf8 ""; // #14
+    Field #8 #16; // #15
+    NameAndType #17 #18; // #16
+    Utf8 "name"; // #17
+    Utf8 "Ljava/lang/String;"; // #18
+    Method #20 #4; // #19
+    class #21; // #20
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #21
+    Field #1 #23; // #22
+    NameAndType #24 #25; // #23
+    Utf8 "p1"; // #24
+    Utf8 "Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/PointN;"; // #25
+    Field #27 #28; // #26
+    class #29; // #27
+    NameAndType #30 #31; // #28
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/PointN"; // #29
+    Utf8 "x"; // #30
+    Utf8 "I"; // #31
+    Utf8 "RuntimeVisibleAnnotations"; // #32
+    Utf8 "Ljdk/internal/vm/annotation/NullRestricted;"; // #33
+    Utf8 "RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations"; // #34
+    Utf8 "Ljdk/internal/vm/annotation/Strict;"; // #35
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #36
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #37
+    Utf8 "getP1X"; // #38
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/NamedRectangleN;)I"; // #39
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #40
+    Utf8 "PointN.java"; // #41
+    Utf8 "LoadableDescriptors"; // #42
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0020; // access
+  #8;// this_cpx
+  #20;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+    {  // field
+      0x0800; // access
+      #11; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#32) { // RuntimeVisibleAnnotations
+          [] { // annotations
+            {  //  annotation
+              #33;
+              [] { // element_value_pairs
+              }  //  element_value_pairs
+            }  //  annotation
+          }
+        } // end RuntimeVisibleAnnotations
+        ;
+        Attr(#34) { // RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+          [] { // annotations
+            {  //  annotation
+              #35;
+              [] { // element_value_pairs
+              }  //  element_value_pairs
+            }  //  annotation
+          }
+        } // end RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // field
+      0x0000; // access
+      #17; // name_index
+      #18; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#36) { // Code
+          3; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2ABB000159B70003;
+            0xB500072A120DB500;
+            0x0F2AB70013B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#37) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  26;
+                11  29;
+                17  25;
+                21  29;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0008; // access
+      #38; // name_index
+      #39; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#36) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB40007B40016B4;
+            0x001AAC;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#37) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  32;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#40) { // SourceFile
+      #41;
+    } // end SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#42) { // LoadableDescriptors
+      0x0001000C;
+    } // end LoadableDescriptors
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/NamedRectangleN
+
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/NamedRectangleP {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    class #2; // #1
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/RectangleP"; // #2
+    Method #1 #4; // #3
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    Field #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #12; // #9
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/NamedRectangleP"; // #10
+    Utf8 "rect"; // #11
+    Utf8 "Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/RectangleP;"; // #12
+    String #14; // #13
+    Utf8 ""; // #14
+    Field #8 #16; // #15
+    NameAndType #17 #18; // #16
+    Utf8 "name"; // #17
+    Utf8 "Ljava/lang/String;"; // #18
+    Method #20 #4; // #19
+    class #21; // #20
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #21
+    Field #1 #23; // #22
+    NameAndType #24 #25; // #23
+    Utf8 "p1"; // #24
+    Utf8 "Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/PointN;"; // #25
+    Field #27 #28; // #26
+    class #29; // #27
+    NameAndType #30 #31; // #28
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/PointN"; // #29
+    Utf8 "y"; // #30
+    Utf8 "I"; // #31
+    Utf8 "RuntimeVisibleAnnotations"; // #32
+    Utf8 "Ljdk/internal/vm/annotation/NullRestricted;"; // #33
+    Utf8 "RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations"; // #34
+    Utf8 "Ljdk/internal/vm/annotation/Strict;"; // #35
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #36
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #37
+    Utf8 "getP1Y"; // #38
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/NamedRectangleP;)I"; // #39
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #40
+    Utf8 "PointN.java"; // #41
+    Utf8 "LoadableDescriptors"; // #42
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0020; // access
+  #8;// this_cpx
+  #20;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+    {  // field
+      0x0800; // access
+      #11; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#32) { // RuntimeVisibleAnnotations
+          [] { // annotations
+            {  //  annotation
+              #33;
+              [] { // element_value_pairs
+              }  //  element_value_pairs
+            }  //  annotation
+          }
+        } // end RuntimeVisibleAnnotations
+        ;
+        Attr(#34) { // RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+          [] { // annotations
+            {  //  annotation
+              #35;
+              [] { // element_value_pairs
+              }  //  element_value_pairs
+            }  //  annotation
+          }
+        } // end RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // field
+      0x0000; // access
+      #17; // name_index
+      #18; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#36) { // Code
+          3; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2ABB000159B70003;
+            0xB500072A120DB500;
+            0x0F2AB70013B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#37) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  44;
+                11  47;
+                17  43;
+                21  47;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0008; // access
+      #38; // name_index
+      #39; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#36) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB40007B40016B4;
+            0x001AAC;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#37) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  50;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#40) { // SourceFile
+      #41;
+    } // end SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#42) { // LoadableDescriptors
+      0x0001000C;
+    } // end LoadableDescriptors
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/NamedRectangleP
+
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/PointN {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Field #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/PointN"; // #4
+    Utf8 "x0"; // #5
+    Utf8 "I"; // #6
+    Field #2 #8; // #7
+    NameAndType #9 #6; // #8
+    Utf8 "y"; // #9
+    Method #11 #12; // #10
+    class #13; // #11
+    NameAndType #14 #15; // #12
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #13
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #14
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #15
+    Utf8 "(II)V"; // #16
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #17
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #18
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #19
+    Utf8 "PointN.java"; // #20
+    Utf8 "RuntimeVisibleAnnotations"; // #21
+    Utf8 "Ljdk/internal/vm/annotation/LooselyConsistentValue;"; // #22
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0010; // access
+  #2;// this_cpx
+  #11;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+    {  // field
+      0x0810; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // field
+      0x0810; // access
+      #9; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #14; // name_index
+      #16; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#17) { // Code
+          2; // max_stack
+          3; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A1BB500012A1CB5;
+            0x00072AB7000AB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#18) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  13;
+                5  14;
+                10  12;
+                14  15;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#19) { // SourceFile
+      #20;
+    } // end SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#21) { // RuntimeVisibleAnnotations
+      [] { // annotations
+        {  //  annotation
+          #22;
+          [] { // element_value_pairs
+          }  //  element_value_pairs
+        }  //  annotation
+      }
+    } // end RuntimeVisibleAnnotations
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/PointN
+
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/RectangleN {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    class #2; // #1
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/PointN"; // #2
+    Method #1 #4; // #3
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "(II)V"; // #6
+    Field #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #12; // #9
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/RectangleN"; // #10
+    Utf8 "p1"; // #11
+    Utf8 "Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/PointN;"; // #12
+    Method #14 #15; // #13
+    class #16; // #14
+    NameAndType #5 #17; // #15
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #16
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #17
+    Utf8 "RuntimeVisibleAnnotations"; // #18
+    Utf8 "Ljdk/internal/vm/annotation/NullRestricted;"; // #19
+    Utf8 "RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations"; // #20
+    Utf8 "Ljdk/internal/vm/annotation/Strict;"; // #21
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #22
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #23
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #24
+    Utf8 "PointN.java"; // #25
+    Utf8 "Ljdk/internal/vm/annotation/LooselyConsistentValue;"; // #26
+    Utf8 "LoadableDescriptors"; // #27
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0010; // access
+  #8;// this_cpx
+  #14;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+    {  // field
+      0x0810; // access
+      #11; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // RuntimeVisibleAnnotations
+          [] { // annotations
+            {  //  annotation
+              #19;
+              [] { // element_value_pairs
+              }  //  element_value_pairs
+            }  //  annotation
+          }
+        } // end RuntimeVisibleAnnotations
+        ;
+        Attr(#20) { // RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+          [] { // annotations
+            {  //  annotation
+              #21;
+              [] { // element_value_pairs
+              }  //  element_value_pairs
+            }  //  annotation
+          }
+        } // end RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #17; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#22) { // Code
+          5; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2ABB000159071007;
+            0xB70003B500072AB7;
+            0x000DB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#23) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  20;
+                14  19;
+                18  20;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#24) { // SourceFile
+      #25;
+    } // end SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#18) { // RuntimeVisibleAnnotations
+      [] { // annotations
+        {  //  annotation
+          #26;
+          [] { // element_value_pairs
+          }  //  element_value_pairs
+        }  //  annotation
+      }
+    } // end RuntimeVisibleAnnotations
+    ;
+    Attr(#27) { // LoadableDescriptors
+      0x0001000C;
+    } // end LoadableDescriptors
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/RectangleN
+
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/RectangleP {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    class #2; // #1
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/PointN"; // #2
+    Method #1 #4; // #3
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "(II)V"; // #6
+    Field #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #12; // #9
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/RectangleP"; // #10
+    Utf8 "p1"; // #11
+    Utf8 "Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/PointN;"; // #12
+    Method #14 #15; // #13
+    class #16; // #14
+    NameAndType #5 #17; // #15
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #16
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #17
+    Utf8 "RuntimeVisibleAnnotations"; // #18
+    Utf8 "Ljdk/internal/vm/annotation/NullRestricted;"; // #19
+    Utf8 "RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations"; // #20
+    Utf8 "Ljdk/internal/vm/annotation/Strict;"; // #21
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #22
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #23
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #24
+    Utf8 "PointN.java"; // #25
+    Utf8 "Ljdk/internal/vm/annotation/LooselyConsistentValue;"; // #26
+    Utf8 "LoadableDescriptors"; // #27
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0010; // access
+  #8;// this_cpx
+  #14;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+    {  // field
+      0x0812; // access
+      #11; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // RuntimeVisibleAnnotations
+          [] { // annotations
+            {  //  annotation
+              #19;
+              [] { // element_value_pairs
+              }  //  element_value_pairs
+            }  //  annotation
+          }
+        } // end RuntimeVisibleAnnotations
+        ;
+        Attr(#20) { // RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+          [] { // annotations
+            {  //  annotation
+              #21;
+              [] { // element_value_pairs
+              }  //  element_value_pairs
+            }  //  annotation
+          }
+        } // end RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #17; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#22) { // Code
+          5; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2ABB000159071007;
+            0xB70003B500072AB7;
+            0x000DB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#23) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  38;
+                14  37;
+                18  38;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#24) { // SourceFile
+      #25;
+    } // end SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#18) { // RuntimeVisibleAnnotations
+      [] { // annotations
+        {  //  annotation
+          #26;
+          [] { // element_value_pairs
+          }  //  element_value_pairs
+        }  //  annotation
+      }
+    } // end RuntimeVisibleAnnotations
+    ;
+    Attr(#27) { // LoadableDescriptors
+      0x0001000C;
+    } // end LoadableDescriptors
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/RectangleP
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/GraphShouldBeSchedulable.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/GraphShouldBeSchedulable.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..52ff60699fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/GraphShouldBeSchedulable.java
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary We need to make sure to have a CheckCastPP under the initial value in ValueClass.newNull.*AtomicArray. If missing,
+ *          a load of the initial value of the array may find an object with an imprecise type (initVal1 in this case, that is
+ *          an Object), potentially leading to wrong alias indices.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:-UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:-UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                   -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:-DoEscapeAnalysis -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+public class GraphShouldBeSchedulable {
+    static value class TwoBytes {
+        byte b1;
+        byte b2;
+
+        public TwoBytes(byte b1, byte b2) {
+            this.b1 = b1;
+            this.b2 = b2;
+        }
+
+        static final TwoBytes DEFAULT = new TwoBytes((byte)0, (byte)0);
+    }
+
+    static final TwoBytes CANARY1 = new TwoBytes((byte)42, (byte)42);
+    // We hide the type of the initial value so that C2 can only tell is a load of type Object.
+    static Object initVal1 = CANARY1;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = -50_000; i < 50_000; ++i) {
+            TwoBytes val1 = new TwoBytes((byte)i, (byte)(i + 1));
+            TwoBytes[] nullFreeAtomicArray1 = (TwoBytes[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(TwoBytes.class, 3, TwoBytes.DEFAULT);
+            nullFreeAtomicArray1[1] = val1;
+            // Here, initVal1 is a load of type Object. Now, with a CheckCastPP under.
+            TwoBytes[] nullFreeAtomicArray2 = (TwoBytes[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(TwoBytes.class, 3, initVal1);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(nullFreeAtomicArray2), false);
+            // Here, the access is simplified into the initial value: we need to make sure we find the CheckCastPP otherwise
+            // the fields b1 and b2 are not recognized as strict final fields, and wrong precedence edges are added during GCM.
+            Asserts.assertEquals(nullFreeAtomicArray2[1], CANARY1);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeIRNode.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeIRNode.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b55622fc7da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeIRNode.java
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode;
+
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.*;
+
+public class InlineTypeIRNode {
+    private static final String POSTFIX = "#I_";
+
+    public static final String CALL_UNSAFE = PREFIX + "CALL_UNSAFE" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        IRNode.staticCallOfMethodNodes(CALL_UNSAFE, InlineTypeRegexes.JDK_INTERNAL_MISC_UNSAFE);
+    }
+
+    public static final String STORE_INLINE_FIELDS = PREFIX + "STORE_INLINE_FIELDS" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        IRNode.staticCallOfMethodNodes(STORE_INLINE_FIELDS, InlineTypeRegexes.STORE_INLINE_TYPE_FIELDS);
+    }
+
+    public static final String LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE = PREFIX + "LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        IRNode.staticCallOfMethodNodes(LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, InlineTypeRegexes.LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE);
+    }
+
+    public static final String STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE = PREFIX + "STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        IRNode.staticCallOfMethodNodes(STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, InlineTypeRegexes.STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE);
+    }
+
+    public static final String INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD = PREFIX + "INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        IRNode.staticCallOfMethodNodes(INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD, InlineTypeRegexes.INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD);
+    }
+
+    public static final String CLONE_INTRINSIC_SLOW_PATH = PREFIX + "CLONE_INTRINSIC_SLOW_PATH" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        IRNode.staticCallOfMethodNodes(CLONE_INTRINSIC_SLOW_PATH, InlineTypeRegexes.JAVA_LANG_OBJECT_CLONE);
+    }
+
+    public static final String CHECKCAST_ARRAYCOPY = PREFIX + "CHECKCAST_ARRAYCOPY" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        IRNode.callLeafNoFpOfMethodNodes(CHECKCAST_ARRAYCOPY, InlineTypeRegexes.CHECKCAST_ARRAYCOPY);
+    }
+
+    public static final String JLONG_ARRAYCOPY = PREFIX + "JLONG_ARRAYCOPY" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        IRNode.callLeafNoFpOfMethodNodes(JLONG_ARRAYCOPY, InlineTypeRegexes.JLONG_DISJOINT_ARRAYCOPY);
+    }
+
+    public static final String ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS = PREFIX + "ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        IRNode.allocateOfNodes(ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, InlineTypeRegexes.MYVALUE_KLASS);
+    }
+
+    public static final String ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS = PREFIX + "ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        IRNode.allocateArrayOfNodes(ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, InlineTypeRegexes.MYVALUE_KLASS);
+    }
+
+    // TODO: Revisit with JDK-8380875
+    public static final String LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS = PREFIX + "LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        String loadNode = "Load(B|UB|S|US|I|L|F|D|P|N)";
+        String valueClass = "@instptr:compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/[\\w/]*";
+        String regex = START + loadNode + MID + valueClass + END;
+        IRNode.beforeMatching(LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, regex);
+    }
+
+    // TODO: Revisit with JDK-8380875
+    public static final String STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS = PREFIX + "STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        IRNode.anyStoreOfNodes(STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, InlineTypeRegexes.ANY_KLASS);
+    }
+
+    // Dummy method to call to force the static initializer blocks to be run before starting the IR framework.
+    public static void forceStaticInitialization() {}
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeRegexes.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeRegexes.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ee447bf7e11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeRegexes.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+public class InlineTypeRegexes {
+    public static final String MYVALUE_KLASS = "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/.*MyValue\\w*";
+    public static final String ANY_KLASS = "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/[\\w/]*";
+    public static final String STORE_INLINE_TYPE_FIELDS = "store_inline_type_fields";
+    public static final String JDK_INTERNAL_MISC_UNSAFE = "# Static  jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe::";
+    public static final String LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE = "load_unknown_inline_blob \\(C2 runtime\\)";
+    public static final String STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE = "store_unknown_inline_blob \\(C2 runtime\\)";
+    public static final String INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD = "null_check' action='none'";
+    public static final String JLONG_DISJOINT_ARRAYCOPY = "jlong_disjoint_arraycopy";
+    public static final String CHECKCAST_ARRAYCOPY = "checkcast_arraycopy";
+    public static final String JAVA_LANG_OBJECT_CLONE = "java.lang.Object::clone";
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypes.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypes.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..36575da2871
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypes.java
@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.Scenario;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.TestFramework;
+
+public class InlineTypes {
+    public static final int  rI = Utils.getRandomInstance().nextInt() % 1000;
+    public static final long rL = Utils.getRandomInstance().nextLong() % 1000;
+    public static final double rD = Utils.getRandomInstance().nextDouble() % 1000;
+
+    public static final Scenario[] DEFAULT_SCENARIOS = {
+            new Scenario(0,
+                         "--enable-preview",
+                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                         "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                         "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions",
+                         "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
+                         "-XX:-UseACmpProfile",
+                         "-XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline",
+                         "-XX:FlatArrayElementMaxOops=5",
+                         "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening",
+                         "-XX:-UseArrayLoadStoreProfile",
+                         "-XX:+UseFieldFlattening",
+                         "-XX:+InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs",
+                         "-XX:+InlineTypeReturnedAsFields"
+            ),
+            new Scenario(1,
+                         "--enable-preview",
+                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                         "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                         "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions",
+                         "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
+                         "-XX:-UseACmpProfile",
+                         "-XX:-UseCompressedOops",
+                         "-XX:FlatArrayElementMaxOops=5",
+                         "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening",
+                         "-XX:-UseArrayLoadStoreProfile",
+                         "-XX:+UseFieldFlattening",
+                         "-XX:-InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs",
+                         "-XX:-InlineTypeReturnedAsFields"
+            ),
+            new Scenario(2,
+                         "--enable-preview",
+                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                         "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                         "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions",
+                         "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
+                         "-XX:-UseACmpProfile",
+                         "-XX:-UseCompressedOops",
+                         "-XX:FlatArrayElementMaxOops=0",
+                         "-XX:-UseArrayFlattening",
+                         "-XX:-UseArrayLoadStoreProfile",
+                         "-XX:+UseFieldFlattening",
+                         "-XX:+InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs",
+                         "-XX:+InlineTypeReturnedAsFields"
+            ),
+            new Scenario(3,
+                         "--enable-preview",
+                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                         "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                         "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions",
+                         "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
+                         "-DVerifyIR=false",
+                         "-XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline",
+                         "-XX:FlatArrayElementMaxOops=0",
+                         "-XX:-UseArrayFlattening",
+                         "-XX:-UseFieldFlattening",
+                         "-XX:+InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs",
+                         "-XX:+InlineTypeReturnedAsFields"
+            ),
+            new Scenario(4,
+                         "--enable-preview",
+                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                         "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                         "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions",
+                         "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
+                         "-DVerifyIR=false",
+                         "-XX:FlatArrayElementMaxOops=-1",
+                         "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening",
+                         "-XX:-UseFieldFlattening",
+                         "-XX:+InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs",
+                         "-XX:-InlineTypeReturnedAsFields",
+                         "-XX:-ReduceInitialCardMarks"
+            ),
+            new Scenario(5,
+                         "--enable-preview",
+                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                         "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                         "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions",
+                         "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
+                         "-XX:-UseACmpProfile",
+                         "-XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline",
+                         "-XX:FlatArrayElementMaxOops=5",
+                         "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening",
+                         "-XX:-UseArrayLoadStoreProfile",
+                         "-XX:+UseFieldFlattening",
+                         "-XX:-InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs",
+                         "-XX:-InlineTypeReturnedAsFields"
+            ),
+            new Scenario(6,
+                         "--enable-preview",
+                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                         "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                         "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions",
+                         "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
+                         "-XX:-UseACmpProfile",
+                         "-XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline",
+                         "-XX:FlatArrayElementMaxOops=5",
+                         "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening",
+                         "-XX:-UseArrayLoadStoreProfile",
+                         "-XX:+UseFieldFlattening",
+                         "-XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening",
+                         "-XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening",
+                         "-XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening",
+                         "-XX:+InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs",
+                         "-XX:+InlineTypeReturnedAsFields"
+            ),
+    };
+
+    public static TestFramework getFramework() {
+        StackWalker walker = StackWalker.getInstance(StackWalker.Option.RETAIN_CLASS_REFERENCE);
+        return new TestFramework(walker.getCallerClass()).setDefaultWarmup(251);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/LarvalDetectionAboveOSR.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/LarvalDetectionAboveOSR.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f4b8ac66269
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/LarvalDetectionAboveOSR.java
@@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8361352
+ * @summary In OSR compilation, we must correctly determine the initialization
+ * state of value objects coming from above the OSR start, and not consider
+ * everything as potentially early larval. Value objects that are known to be
+ * unrestricted (late larval or fully initialized) are immutable, and can be
+ * scalarized.
+ * @library /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.debug
+ * @run main compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.LarvalDetectionAboveOSR
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper;
+
+import java.io.BufferedReader;
+import java.io.InputStreamReader;
+import java.lang.classfile.Label;
+import java.lang.classfile.TypeKind;
+import java.lang.constant.ClassDesc;
+import java.lang.constant.MethodTypeDesc;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.file.FileSystems;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.regex.Matcher;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
+
+import static test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper.classDesc;
+
+public class LarvalDetectionAboveOSR {
+    public static ArrayList<String> runInSeparateVM(String scenario, String compile_pattern) throws Throwable {
+        String separator = FileSystems.getDefault().getSeparator();
+        String path = System.getProperty("java.home") + separator + "bin" + separator + "java";
+
+        String javaFile = LarvalDetectionAboveOSR.class.getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation().getPath();
+        String classpath = javaFile.replace("LarvalDetectionAboveOSR.java", "");
+        ProcessBuilder processBuilder = new ProcessBuilder(
+                path, "-cp", classpath,
+                "--enable-preview", "-XX:-TieredCompilation",
+                "-XX:CompileCommand=compileonly," + compile_pattern,
+                "-XX:CompileCommand=printcompilation,*::*",
+                "-XX:CompileCommand=PrintIdealPhase,*::*,BEFORE_MACRO_EXPANSION",
+                "-XX:+PrintEliminateAllocations",
+                LarvalDetectionAboveOSR.class.getCanonicalName(), scenario
+        );
+        Process process = processBuilder.start();
+        processBuilder.redirectErrorStream(true);
+
+        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
+        BufferedReader error_reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getErrorStream()));
+        var lines = new ArrayList<String>();
+        var error_lines = new ArrayList<String>();
+        String line;
+        while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
+            lines.add(line);
+        }
+        while ((line = error_reader.readLine()) != null) {
+            error_lines.add(line);
+        }
+        process.waitFor();
+
+        if (process.exitValue() != 0) {
+            System.out.println("stdout:");
+            System.out.println(String.join("\n", lines));
+            System.out.println("stderr:");
+            System.out.println(String.join("\n", error_lines));
+            throw new RuntimeException("Process exited with status: " + process.exitValue());
+        }
+
+        return lines;
+    }
+
+    static class CompilationBlock {
+        public boolean is_osr;
+        public ArrayList<String> lines = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        CompilationBlock(boolean osr) {
+            is_osr = osr;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Pattern print_compilation_regex = Pattern.compile("\\d+\\s+\\d+\\s+(%\\s+)?compiler\\.valhalla\\.inlinetypes\\.\\S*::[a-zA-Z0-9_]* (@ \\d+ )?\\(\\d+ bytes\\)");
+    static Pattern allocate_elimination_regex = Pattern.compile("\\+{4} Eliminated: \\d+ Allocate");
+    static Pattern allocate_regex = Pattern.compile("\\s*\\d+ {2}Allocate {2}={3}.*");
+
+    static ArrayList<CompilationBlock> splitLines(ArrayList<String> lines) {
+        var blocks = new ArrayList<CompilationBlock>();
+        for (String line : lines) {
+            Matcher m = print_compilation_regex.matcher(line);
+            if (m.matches()) {
+                blocks.add(new CompilationBlock(line.contains("%")));
+            } else if (!blocks.isEmpty()) {
+                blocks.getLast().lines.add(line);
+            }
+        }
+        return blocks;
+    }
+
+    static void analyzeLines(ArrayList<String> lines) {
+        var blocks = splitLines(lines);
+        int blocks_actually_checked = 0;
+        for (CompilationBlock block : blocks) {
+            if (checkBlock(block)) {
+                blocks_actually_checked++;
+            }
+        }
+        if (blocks_actually_checked == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Found no OSR logging block to check.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    static boolean checkBlock(CompilationBlock block) {
+        if (!block.is_osr) return false;  // It's about OSR here!
+
+        int eliminated_allocations = 0;
+        int i = 0;
+        while (i < block.lines.size()) {
+            String line = block.lines.get(i);
+            i++;
+            if (line.equals("AFTER: BEFORE_MACRO_EXPANSION")) {
+                break;
+            }
+            if (allocate_elimination_regex.matcher(line).matches()) {
+                eliminated_allocations++;
+            }
+        }
+        if (eliminated_allocations == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("No allocation elimination found, there should be some.");
+        }
+        if (i >= block.lines.size()) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Cannot find BEFORE_MACRO_EXPANSION printout");
+        }
+        while (i < block.lines.size()) {
+            if (allocate_regex.matcher(block.lines.get(i)).matches()) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Found allocation in line: " + block.lines.get(i));
+            }
+            i++;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public static short test() {
+        ByteBuffer bf = ByteBuffer.allocate(8);
+        return bf.getShort(0);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
+        if (args.length != 0) {
+            switch (args[0]) {
+                case "without_new" -> MyNumber.main_without_new();
+                case "with_new" -> MyNumber.main_with_new();
+                case "bytecode" -> Bytecode.test();
+                default -> throw new RuntimeException("Wrong scenario: " + args[0]);
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+        analyzeLines(runInSeparateVM("without_new", "compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.MyNumber::loop*"));
+        analyzeLines(runInSeparateVM("with_new", "compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.MyNumber::loop*"));
+        analyzeLines(runInSeparateVM("bytecode", "compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.Bytecode$Code_0::meth"));
+    }
+}
+
+value class MyNumber {
+    public long l;
+    static int MANY = 1_000_000_000;
+
+    MyNumber(long l) {
+        this.l = l;
+    }
+
+    MyNumber add(long v) {
+        return new MyNumber(l + v);
+    }
+
+    static long loop_without_new(MyNumber dec) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < MANY; ++i) {
+            dec = dec.add(i);
+        }
+        return dec.l;
+    }
+
+    public static void main_without_new() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            MyNumber dec = new MyNumber(123);
+            loop_without_new(dec);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static long loop_with_new() {
+        MyNumber dec = new MyNumber(123);
+        for (int i = 0; i < MANY; ++i) {
+            dec = dec.add(i);
+        }
+        return dec.l;
+    }
+
+    public static void main_with_new() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            loop_with_new();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class Bytecode {
+    static MethodHandles.Lookup LOOKUP = MethodHandles.lookup();
+
+    static void test() throws Throwable {
+        var myNumber = MyNumber.class;
+        final ClassDesc myNumberDesc = classDesc(myNumber);
+
+        MethodHandle meth = InstructionHelper.buildMethodHandle(
+                LOOKUP,
+                "meth",
+                MethodType.methodType(myNumber, int.class),
+                CODE -> {
+                    Label loop = CODE.newLabel();
+                    CODE
+                            .new_(myNumberDesc)
+                            .dup()
+                            // stack: early larval (this one we init), early larval (this one we store in local 10)
+                            .astore(10)
+                            .iconst_0()
+                            .i2l()
+                            .invokespecial(myNumberDesc, "<init>", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("(J)V"))
+                            // local 10 should also be initialized, it is now not early larval, so scalarization is allowed
+
+                            // local(11) = 0
+                            .iconst_0()
+                            .istore(11)
+
+                            .labelBinding(loop)
+                            // local(10) = local(10).add((long)local(11))
+                            .aload(10)
+                            .iload(11)
+                            .i2l()
+                            .invokevirtual(myNumberDesc, "add", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("(J)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyNumber;"))
+                            .astore(10)
+
+                            // local(11)++
+                            .iload(11)
+                            .iconst_1()
+                            .iadd()
+                            .dup()
+                            // if local(11) < param(0) goto loop
+                            .istore(11)
+                            .iload(0)
+                            .if_icmplt(loop)
+
+                            .aload(10)
+                            .return_(TypeKind.from(myNumberDesc));
+                });
+        var _ = (MyNumber)meth.invokeExact(MyNumber.MANY);
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyAbstract.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyAbstract.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1d11361113a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyAbstract.java
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+public abstract value class MyAbstract implements MyInterface {
+
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyInterface.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyInterface.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d7db3af44f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyInterface.java
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+public interface MyInterface {
+    public long hash();
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue1.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue1.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fa38f0c5640
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue1.java
@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.DontCompile;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.DontInline;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.ForceCompileClassInitializer;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.ForceInline;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+@ForceCompileClassInitializer
+public value class MyValue1 extends MyAbstract {
+    static int s;
+    static final long sf = InlineTypes.rL;
+    int x;
+    long y;
+    short z;
+    Integer o;
+    int[] oa;
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue2 v1;
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue2 v2;
+    @NullRestricted
+    static final MyValue2 v3 = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(InlineTypes.rI, InlineTypes.rD);
+    MyValue2 v4;
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue2 v5;
+    int c;
+
+    static final MyValue1 DEFAULT = createDefaultInline();
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValue1(int x, long y, short z, Integer o, int[] oa, MyValue2 v1, MyValue2 v2, MyValue2 v4, MyValue2 v5, int c) {
+        s = 0;
+        this.x = x;
+        this.y = y;
+        this.z = z;
+        this.o = o;
+        this.oa = oa;
+        this.v1 = v1;
+        this.v2 = v2;
+        this.v4 = v4;
+        this.v5 = v5;
+        this.c = c;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    static MyValue1 createDefaultDontInline() {
+        return createDefaultInline();
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue1 createDefaultInline() {
+        return new MyValue1(0, 0, (short)0, null, null, MyValue2.createDefaultInline(), MyValue2.createDefaultInline(), null, MyValue2.createDefaultInline(), 0);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    static MyValue1 createWithFieldsDontInline(int x, long y) {
+        return createWithFieldsInline(x, y);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue1 createWithFieldsInline(int x, long y) {
+        MyValue1 v = createDefaultInline();
+        v = setX(v, x);
+        v = setY(v, y);
+        v = setZ(v, (short)x);
+        // Don't use Integer.valueOf here to avoid control flow added by Integer cache check
+        v = setO(v, new Integer(x));
+        int[] oa = {x};
+        v = setOA(v, oa);
+        v = setV1(v, MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(x, y, InlineTypes.rD));
+        v = setV2(v, MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(x + 1, y + 1, InlineTypes.rD + 1));
+        v = setV4(v, MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(x + 2, y + 2, InlineTypes.rD + 2));
+        v = setV5(v, MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(x + 3, y + 3, InlineTypes.rD + 3));
+        v = setC(v, (int)(x+y));
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    // Hash only primitive and inline type fields to avoid NullPointerException
+    @ForceInline
+    public long hashPrimitive() {
+        return s + sf + x + y + z + c + v1.hash() + v2.hash() + v3.hash() + v5.hash();
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public long hash() {
+        long res = hashPrimitive();
+        try {
+            res += o;
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {}
+        try {
+            res += oa[0];
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {}
+        try {
+            res += v4.hash();
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {}
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    public long hashInterpreted() {
+        return s + sf + x + y + z + o + oa[0] + c + v1.hashInterpreted() + v2.hashInterpreted() + v3.hashInterpreted() + v4.hashInterpreted() + v5.hashInterpreted();
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue1 setX(MyValue1 v, int x) {
+        return new MyValue1(x, v.y, v.z, v.o, v.oa, v.v1, v.v2, v.v4, v.v5, v.c);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue1 setY(MyValue1 v, long y) {
+        return new MyValue1(v.x, y, v.z, v.o, v.oa, v.v1, v.v2, v.v4, v.v5, v.c);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue1 setZ(MyValue1 v, short z) {
+        return new MyValue1(v.x, v.y, z, v.o, v.oa, v.v1, v.v2, v.v4, v.v5, v.c);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue1 setO(MyValue1 v, Integer o) {
+        return new MyValue1(v.x, v.y, v.z, o, v.oa, v.v1, v.v2, v.v4, v.v5, v.c);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue1 setOA(MyValue1 v, int[] oa) {
+        return new MyValue1(v.x, v.y, v.z, v.o, oa, v.v1, v.v2, v.v4, v.v5, v.c);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue1 setC(MyValue1 v, int c) {
+        return new MyValue1(v.x, v.y, v.z, v.o, v.oa, v.v1, v.v2, v.v4, v.v5, c);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue1 setV1(MyValue1 v, MyValue2 v1) {
+        return new MyValue1(v.x, v.y, v.z, v.o, v.oa, v1, v.v2, v.v4, v.v5, v.c);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue1 setV2(MyValue1 v, MyValue2 v2) {
+        return new MyValue1(v.x, v.y, v.z, v.o, v.oa, v.v1, v2, v.v4, v.v5, v.c);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue1 setV4(MyValue1 v, MyValue2 v4) {
+        return new MyValue1(v.x, v.y, v.z, v.o, v.oa, v.v1, v.v2, v4, v.v5, v.c);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue1 setV5(MyValue1 v, MyValue2 v5) {
+        return new MyValue1(v.x, v.y, v.z, v.o, v.oa, v.v1, v.v2, v.v4, v5, v.c);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object o) {
+        if (!(o instanceof MyValue1 v)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return this.x == v.x && this.y == v.y && this.z == v.z && this.o == v.o && Arrays.equals(this.oa, v.oa) &&
+                this.v1 == v.v1 && this.v2 == v.v2 && this.v4 == v.v4 && this.v5 == v.v5 && this.c == v.c;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "MyValue1[x=" + x + ", y=" + y + ", z=" + z + ", o=" + o + ", oa=" + Arrays.toString(oa) +
+                ", v1=" + v1 + ", v2=" + v2 + ", v4=" + v4 + ", v5=" + v5 + ", c=" + c + "]";
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..77f825340b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2.java
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.DontInline;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.ForceInline;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValue2Inline {
+    double d;
+    long l;
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValue2Inline(double d, long l) {
+        this.d = d;
+        this.l = l;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue2Inline setD(MyValue2Inline v, double d) {
+        return new MyValue2Inline(d, v.l);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue2Inline setL(MyValue2Inline v, long l) {
+        return new MyValue2Inline(v.d, l);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public static MyValue2Inline createDefault() {
+        return new MyValue2Inline(0, 0);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public static MyValue2Inline createWithFieldsInline(double d, long l) {
+        MyValue2Inline v = MyValue2Inline.createDefault();
+        v = MyValue2Inline.setD(v, d);
+        v = MyValue2Inline.setL(v, l);
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "MyValue2Inline[d=" + d + ", l=" + l + "]";
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+public value class MyValue2 extends MyAbstract {
+    int x;
+    byte y;
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue2Inline v;
+
+    static final MyValue2 DEFAULT = createDefaultInline();
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValue2(int x, byte y, MyValue2Inline v) {
+        this.x = x;
+        this.y = y;
+        this.v = v;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public static MyValue2 createDefaultInline() {
+        return new MyValue2(0, (byte)0, MyValue2Inline.createDefault());
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public static MyValue2 createWithFieldsInline(int x, long y, double d) {
+        MyValue2 v = createDefaultInline();
+        v = setX(v, x);
+        v = setY(v, (byte)x);
+        v = setV(v, MyValue2Inline.createWithFieldsInline(d, y));
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public static MyValue2 createWithFieldsInline(int x, double d) {
+        MyValue2 v = createDefaultInline();
+        v = setX(v, x);
+        v = setY(v, (byte)x);
+        v = setV(v, MyValue2Inline.createWithFieldsInline(d, InlineTypes.rL));
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public static MyValue2 createWithFieldsDontInline(int x, double d) {
+        MyValue2 v = createDefaultInline();
+        v = setX(v, x);
+        v = setY(v, (byte)x);
+        v = setV(v, MyValue2Inline.createWithFieldsInline(d, InlineTypes.rL));
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public long hash() {
+        return x + y + (long)v.d + v.l;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public long hashInterpreted() {
+        return x + y + (long)v.d + v.l;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue2 setX(MyValue2 v, int x) {
+        return new MyValue2(x, v.y, v.v);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue2 setY(MyValue2 v, byte y) {
+        return new MyValue2(v.x, y, v.v);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue2 setV(MyValue2 v, MyValue2Inline vi) {
+        return new MyValue2(v.x, v.y, vi);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "MyValue2[x=" + x + ", y=" + y + ", v=" + v + "]";
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f4298f5d3cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3.java
@@ -0,0 +1,271 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.DontInline;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.ForceInline;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValue3Inline {
+    float f7;
+    double f8;
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValue3Inline(float f7, double f8) {
+        this.f7 = f7;
+        this.f8 = f8;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue3Inline setF7(MyValue3Inline v, float f7) {
+        return new MyValue3Inline(f7, v.f8);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue3Inline setF8(MyValue3Inline v, double f8) {
+        return new MyValue3Inline(v.f7, f8);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public static MyValue3Inline createDefault() {
+        return new MyValue3Inline(0, 0);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public static MyValue3Inline createWithFieldsInline(float f7, double f8) {
+        MyValue3Inline v = createDefault();
+        v = setF7(v, f7);
+        v = setF8(v, f8);
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "MyValue3Inline[f7=" + f7 + ", f8=" + f8 + "]";
+    }
+}
+
+// Inline type definition to stress test return of an inline type in registers
+// (uses all registers of calling convention on x86_64)
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+public value class MyValue3 extends MyAbstract {
+    char c;
+    byte bb;
+    short s;
+    int i;
+    long l;
+    Object o;
+    float f1;
+    double f2;
+    float f3;
+    double f4;
+    float f5;
+    double f6;
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue3Inline v1;
+
+    static final MyValue3 DEFAULT = new MyValue3((char)0, (byte)0, (short)0, 0, 0, null,
+                                                 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, new MyValue3Inline(0, 0));
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValue3(char c, byte bb, short s, int i, long l, Object o,
+                    float f1, double f2, float f3, double f4, float f5, double f6,
+                    MyValue3Inline v1) {
+        this.c = c;
+        this.bb = bb;
+        this.s = s;
+        this.i = i;
+        this.l = l;
+        this.o = o;
+        this.f1 = f1;
+        this.f2 = f2;
+        this.f3 = f3;
+        this.f4 = f4;
+        this.f5 = f5;
+        this.f6 = f6;
+        this.v1 = v1;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue3 setC(MyValue3 v, char c) {
+        return new MyValue3(c, v.bb, v.s, v.i, v.l, v.o, v.f1, v.f2, v.f3, v.f4, v.f5, v.f6, v.v1);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue3 setBB(MyValue3 v, byte bb) {
+        return new MyValue3(v.c, bb, v.s, v.i, v.l, v.o, v.f1, v.f2, v.f3, v.f4, v.f5, v.f6, v.v1);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue3 setS(MyValue3 v, short s) {
+        return new MyValue3(v.c, v.bb, s, v.i, v.l, v.o, v.f1, v.f2, v.f3, v.f4, v.f5, v.f6, v.v1);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue3 setI(MyValue3 v, int i) {
+        return new MyValue3(v.c, v.bb, v.s, i, v.l, v.o, v.f1, v.f2, v.f3, v.f4, v.f5, v.f6, v.v1);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue3 setL(MyValue3 v, long l) {
+        return new MyValue3(v.c, v.bb, v.s, v.i, l, v.o, v.f1, v.f2, v.f3, v.f4, v.f5, v.f6, v.v1);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue3 setO(MyValue3 v, Object o) {
+        return new MyValue3(v.c, v.bb, v.s, v.i, v.l, o, v.f1, v.f2, v.f3, v.f4, v.f5, v.f6, v.v1);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue3 setF1(MyValue3 v, float f1) {
+        return new MyValue3(v.c, v.bb, v.s, v.i, v.l, v.o, f1, v.f2, v.f3, v.f4, v.f5, v.f6, v.v1);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue3 setF2(MyValue3 v, double f2) {
+        return new MyValue3(v.c, v.bb, v.s, v.i, v.l, v.o, v.f1, f2, v.f3, v.f4, v.f5, v.f6, v.v1);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue3 setF3(MyValue3 v, float f3) {
+        return new MyValue3(v.c, v.bb, v.s, v.i, v.l, v.o, v.f1, v.f2, f3, v.f4, v.f5, v.f6, v.v1);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue3 setF4(MyValue3 v, double f4) {
+        return new MyValue3(v.c, v.bb, v.s, v.i, v.l, v.o, v.f1, v.f2, v.f3, f4, v.f5, v.f6, v.v1);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue3 setF5(MyValue3 v, float f5) {
+        return new MyValue3(v.c, v.bb, v.s, v.i, v.l, v.o, v.f1, v.f2, v.f3, v.f4, f5, v.f6, v.v1);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue3 setF6(MyValue3 v, double f6) {
+        return new MyValue3(v.c, v.bb, v.s, v.i, v.l, v.o, v.f1, v.f2, v.f3, v.f4, v.f5, f6, v.v1);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue3 setV1(MyValue3 v, MyValue3Inline v1) {
+        return new MyValue3(v.c, v.bb, v.s, v.i, v.l, v.o, v.f1, v.f2, v.f3, v.f4, v.f5, v.f6, v1);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public static MyValue3 createDefault() {
+        return new MyValue3((char)0, (byte)0, (short)0, 0, 0, null, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, MyValue3Inline.createDefault());
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public static MyValue3 create() {
+        java.util.Random r = Utils.getRandomInstance();
+        MyValue3 v = createDefault();
+        v = setC(v, (char)r.nextInt());
+        v = setBB(v, (byte)r.nextInt());
+        v = setS(v, (short)r.nextInt());
+        v = setI(v, r.nextInt());
+        v = setL(v, r.nextLong());
+        v = setO(v, new Object());
+        v = setF1(v, r.nextFloat());
+        v = setF2(v, r.nextDouble());
+        v = setF3(v, r.nextFloat());
+        v = setF4(v, r.nextDouble());
+        v = setF5(v, r.nextFloat());
+        v = setF6(v, r.nextDouble());
+        v = setV1(v, MyValue3Inline.createWithFieldsInline(r.nextFloat(), r.nextDouble()));
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public static MyValue3 createDontInline() {
+        return create();
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public static MyValue3 copy(MyValue3 other) {
+        MyValue3 v = createDefault();
+        v = setC(v, other.c);
+        v = setBB(v, other.bb);
+        v = setS(v, other.s);
+        v = setI(v, other.i);
+        v = setL(v, other.l);
+        v = setO(v, other.o);
+        v = setF1(v, other.f1);
+        v = setF2(v, other.f2);
+        v = setF3(v, other.f3);
+        v = setF4(v, other.f4);
+        v = setF5(v, other.f5);
+        v = setF6(v, other.f6);
+        v = setV1(v, other.v1);
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public void verify(MyValue3 other) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(c, other.c);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(bb, other.bb);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(s, other.s);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(i, other.i);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(l, other.l);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(o, other.o);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(f1, other.f1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(f2, other.f2);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(f3, other.f3);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(f4, other.f4);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(f5, other.f5);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(f6, other.f6);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v1.f7, other.v1.f7);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v1.f8, other.v1.f8);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public long hash() {
+        return c +
+            bb +
+            s +
+            i +
+            l +
+            o.hashCode() +
+            Float.hashCode(f1) +
+            Double.hashCode(f2) +
+            Float.hashCode(f3) +
+            Double.hashCode(f4) +
+            Float.hashCode(f5) +
+            Double.hashCode(f6) +
+            Float.hashCode(v1.f7) +
+            Double.hashCode(v1.f8);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "MyValue3[c=" + c + ", bb=" + bb + ", s=" + s + ", i=" + i + ", l=" + l + ", o=" + o +
+                ", f1=" + f1 + ", f2=" + f2 + ", f3=" + f3 + ", f4=" + f4 + ", f5=" + f5 + ", f6=" + f6 + ", v1=" + v1 + "]";
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue4.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue4.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..526ae09dcad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue4.java
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.ForceInline;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+// Inline type definition with too many fields to return in registers
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValue4 extends MyAbstract {
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue3 v1;
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue3 v2;
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValue4(MyValue3 v1, MyValue3 v2) {
+        this.v1 = v1;
+        this.v2 = v2;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue4 setV1(MyValue4 v, MyValue3 v1) {
+        return new MyValue4(v1, v.v2);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue4 setV2(MyValue4 v, MyValue3 v2) {
+        return new MyValue4(v.v1, v2);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public static MyValue4 createDefault() {
+        return new MyValue4(MyValue3.createDefault(), MyValue3.createDefault());
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public static MyValue4 create() {
+        MyValue4 v = createDefault();
+        MyValue3 v1 = MyValue3.create();
+        v = setV1(v, v1);
+        MyValue3 v2 = MyValue3.create();
+        v = setV2(v, v2);
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    public void verify(MyValue4 other) {
+        v1.verify(other.v1);
+        v2.verify(other.v2);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public long hash() {
+        return v1.hash() + v2.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "MyValue4[v1=" + v1 + ", v2=" + v2 + "]";
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValueClass1.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValueClass1.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ae11021e67a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValueClass1.java
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.DontCompile;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.DontInline;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.ForceCompileClassInitializer;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.ForceInline;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+@ForceCompileClassInitializer
+public value class MyValueClass1 extends MyAbstract {
+    static int s;
+    static long sf = InlineTypes.rL;
+    int x;
+    long y;
+    short z;
+    Integer o;
+    int[] oa;
+    MyValueClass2 v1;
+    MyValueClass2 v2;
+    static MyValueClass2 v3 = MyValueClass2.createWithFieldsInline(InlineTypes.rI, InlineTypes.rD);
+    MyValueClass2 v4;
+    int c;
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValueClass1(int x, long y, short z, Integer o, int[] oa, MyValueClass2 v1, MyValueClass2 v2, MyValueClass2 v4, int c) {
+        s = 0;
+        this.x = x;
+        this.y = y;
+        this.z = z;
+        this.o = o;
+        this.oa = oa;
+        this.v1 = v1;
+        this.v2 = v2;
+        this.v4 = v4;
+        this.c = c;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    static MyValueClass1 createDefaultDontInline() {
+        return createDefaultInline();
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValueClass1 createDefaultInline() {
+        return new MyValueClass1(0, 0, (short)0, null, null, null, null, null, 0);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    static MyValueClass1 createWithFieldsDontInline(int x, long y) {
+        return createWithFieldsInline(x, y);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValueClass1 createWithFieldsInline(int x, long y) {
+        MyValueClass1 v = createDefaultInline();
+        v = setX(v, x);
+        v = setY(v, y);
+        v = setZ(v, (short)x);
+        // Don't use Integer.valueOf here to avoid control flow added by Integer cache check
+        v = setO(v, new Integer(x));
+        int[] oa = {x};
+        v = setOA(v, oa);
+        v = setV1(v, MyValueClass2.createWithFieldsInline(x, y, InlineTypes.rD));
+        v = setV2(v, MyValueClass2.createWithFieldsInline(x + 1, y + 1, InlineTypes.rD + 1));
+        v = setV4(v, MyValueClass2.createWithFieldsInline(x + 2, y + 2, InlineTypes.rD + 2));
+        v = setC(v, (int)(x+y));
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    // Hash only primitive and inline type fields to avoid NullPointerException
+    @ForceInline
+    public long hashPrimitive() {
+        return s + sf + x + y + z + c + v1.hash() + v2.hash() + v3.hash();
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public long hash() {
+        long res = hashPrimitive();
+        try {
+            res += o;
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {}
+        try {
+            res += oa[0];
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {}
+        try {
+            res += v4.hash();
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {}
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    public long hashInterpreted() {
+        return s + sf + x + y + z + o + oa[0] + c + v1.hashInterpreted() + v2.hashInterpreted() + v3.hashInterpreted() + v4.hashInterpreted();
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void print() {
+        System.out.print("s=" + s + ", sf=" + sf + ", x=" + x + ", y=" + y + ", z=" + z + ", o=" + (o != null ? (Integer)o : "NULL") + ", oa=" + (oa != null ? oa[0] : "NULL") + ", v1[");
+        v1.print();
+        System.out.print("], v2[");
+        v2.print();
+        System.out.print("], v3[");
+        v3.print();
+        System.out.print("], v4[");
+        v4.print();
+        System.out.print("], c=" + c);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValueClass1 setX(MyValueClass1 v, int x) {
+        return new MyValueClass1(x, v.y, v.z, v.o, v.oa, v.v1, v.v2, v.v4, v.c);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValueClass1 setY(MyValueClass1 v, long y) {
+        return new MyValueClass1(v.x, y, v.z, v.o, v.oa, v.v1, v.v2, v.v4, v.c);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValueClass1 setZ(MyValueClass1 v, short z) {
+        return new MyValueClass1(v.x, v.y, z, v.o, v.oa, v.v1, v.v2, v.v4, v.c);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValueClass1 setO(MyValueClass1 v, Integer o) {
+        return new MyValueClass1(v.x, v.y, v.z, o, v.oa, v.v1, v.v2, v.v4, v.c);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValueClass1 setOA(MyValueClass1 v, int[] oa) {
+        return new MyValueClass1(v.x, v.y, v.z, v.o, oa, v.v1, v.v2, v.v4, v.c);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValueClass1 setC(MyValueClass1 v, int c) {
+        return new MyValueClass1(v.x, v.y, v.z, v.o, v.oa, v.v1, v.v2, v.v4, c);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValueClass1 setV1(MyValueClass1 v, MyValueClass2 v1) {
+        return new MyValueClass1(v.x, v.y, v.z, v.o, v.oa, v1, v.v2, v.v4, v.c);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValueClass1 setV2(MyValueClass1 v, MyValueClass2 v2) {
+        return new MyValueClass1(v.x, v.y, v.z, v.o, v.oa, v.v1, v2, v.v4, v.c);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValueClass1 setV4(MyValueClass1 v, MyValueClass2 v4) {
+        return new MyValueClass1(v.x, v.y, v.z, v.o, v.oa, v.v1, v.v2, v4, v.c);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    void dontInline(MyValueClass1 arg) {
+
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "MyValueClass1[s=" + s + ", sf=" + sf + ", x=" + x + ", y=" + y + ", z=" + z + ", o=" + o + ", oa=" + Arrays.toString(oa) +
+                ", v1=" + v1 + ", v2=" + v2 + ", v4=" + v4 + ", c=" + c + "]";
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValueClass2.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValueClass2.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ce03d21a9aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValueClass2.java
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.DontInline;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.ForceInline;
+
+value class MyValueClass2Inline {
+    double d;
+    long l;
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValueClass2Inline(double d, long l) {
+        this.d = d;
+        this.l = l;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValueClass2Inline setD(MyValueClass2Inline v, double d) {
+        return new MyValueClass2Inline(d, v.l);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValueClass2Inline setL(MyValueClass2Inline v, long l) {
+        return new MyValueClass2Inline(v.d, l);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public static MyValueClass2Inline createDefault() {
+        return new MyValueClass2Inline(0, 0);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public static MyValueClass2Inline createWithFieldsInline(double d, long l) {
+        MyValueClass2Inline v = MyValueClass2Inline.createDefault();
+        v = MyValueClass2Inline.setD(v, d);
+        v = MyValueClass2Inline.setL(v, l);
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "MyValueClass2Inline[d=" + d + ", l=" + l + "]";
+    }
+}
+
+public value class MyValueClass2 extends MyAbstract {
+    int x;
+    byte y;
+    MyValueClass2Inline v;
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValueClass2(int x, byte y, MyValueClass2Inline v) {
+        this.x = x;
+        this.y = y;
+        this.v = v;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public static MyValueClass2 createDefaultInline() {
+        return new MyValueClass2(0, (byte)0, null);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public static MyValueClass2 createWithFieldsInline(int x, long y, double d) {
+        MyValueClass2 v = createDefaultInline();
+        v = setX(v, x);
+        v = setY(v, (byte)x);
+        v = setV(v, MyValueClass2Inline.createWithFieldsInline(d, y));
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public static MyValueClass2 createWithFieldsInline(int x, double d) {
+        MyValueClass2 v = createDefaultInline();
+        v = setX(v, x);
+        v = setY(v, (byte)x);
+        v = setV(v, MyValueClass2Inline.createWithFieldsInline(d, InlineTypes.rL));
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public static MyValueClass2 createWithFieldsDontInline(int x, double d) {
+        MyValueClass2 v = createDefaultInline();
+        v = setX(v, x);
+        v = setY(v, (byte)x);
+        v = setV(v, MyValueClass2Inline.createWithFieldsInline(d, InlineTypes.rL));
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public long hash() {
+        return x + y + (long)v.d + v.l;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public long hashInterpreted() {
+        return x + y + (long)v.d + v.l;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void print() {
+        System.out.print("x=" + x + ", y=" + y + ", d=" + v.d + ", l=" + v.l);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValueClass2 setX(MyValueClass2 v, int x) {
+        return new MyValueClass2(x, v.y, v.v);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValueClass2 setY(MyValueClass2 v, byte y) {
+        return new MyValueClass2(v.x, y, v.v);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValueClass2 setV(MyValueClass2 v, MyValueClass2Inline vi) {
+        return new MyValueClass2(v.x, v.y, vi);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "MyValueClass2[x=" + x + ", y=" + y + ", v=" + v + "]";
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValueEmpty.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValueEmpty.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e1634160847
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValueEmpty.java
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+public value class MyValueEmpty extends MyAbstract {
+    public long hash() { return 0; }
+
+    public MyValueEmpty copy(MyValueEmpty other) { return other; }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "MyValueEmpty[]";
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/NonValueClass.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/NonValueClass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f1536699e79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/NonValueClass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.ForceInline;
+
+public class NonValueClass {
+    public final int x;
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public NonValueClass(int x) {
+        this.x = x;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/PutFlatValueWithoutUseArrayFlattening.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/PutFlatValueWithoutUseArrayFlattening.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5b2d80841e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/PutFlatValueWithoutUseArrayFlattening.java
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8365978
+ * @summary Unsafe::compareAndSetFlatValue crashes with -XX:-UseArrayFlattening
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.PutFlatValueWithoutUseArrayFlattening::test
+ *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xcomp
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:-UseArrayFlattening -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+PreloadClasses
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.PutFlatValueWithoutUseArrayFlattening
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+PreloadClasses
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.PutFlatValueWithoutUseArrayFlattening
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class PutFlatValueWithoutUseArrayFlattening {
+    static public value class SmallValue {
+        byte a;
+        byte b;
+        SmallValue(int a, int b) {
+            this.a = (byte)a;
+            this.b = (byte)b;
+        }
+    }
+
+    SmallValue f;
+    private static final long OFFSET;
+    private static final boolean IS_FLATTENED;
+    private static final int LAYOUT;
+    static private final Unsafe U = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
+    static {
+        try {
+            Field f = PutFlatValueWithoutUseArrayFlattening.class.getDeclaredField("f");
+            OFFSET = U.objectFieldOffset(f);
+            IS_FLATTENED = U.isFlatField(f);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(IS_FLATTENED, "Field f should be flat, the test makes no sense otherwise. And why isn't it?!");
+            LAYOUT = U.fieldLayout(f);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void test(boolean flag) {
+        var newVal = new SmallValue(1, 1);
+        var oldVal = new SmallValue(0, 0);
+        f = oldVal;
+        if (flag) {
+            U.compareAndSetFlatValue(this, OFFSET, LAYOUT, SmallValue.class, oldVal, newVal);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static public void main(String args[]) {
+        new SmallValue(0, 0);
+        new PutFlatValueWithoutUseArrayFlattening().test(false);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/RepairStackWithBigFrame.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/RepairStackWithBigFrame.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fed179caeed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/RepairStackWithBigFrame.java
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.*;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8367156
+ * @summary On Aarch64, when the frame is very big and we need to repair it after
+ *          scalarization of the arguments, we cannot use ldp to get the stack
+ *          increment and rfp at the same time, since it only has a 7 bit offset.
+ *          We use two ldr with 9-bit offsets instead.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm
+ *      -Xcomp
+ *      -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.RepairStackWithBigFrame::test
+ *      compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.RepairStackWithBigFrame
+ * @run main compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.RepairStackWithBigFrame
+ */
+
+public class RepairStackWithBigFrame {
+    static final MyValue1 testValue1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        new RepairStackWithBigFrame().test(testValue1);
+    }
+
+    long test(MyValue1 arg) {
+        MyAbstract vt1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyAbstract vt2 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        MyAbstract vt3 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyAbstract vt4 = arg;
+        return ((MyValue1)vt1).hash() + ((MyValue1)vt2).hash() +
+               ((MyValue1)vt3).hash() + ((MyValue1)vt4).hash();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/SimpleInlineType.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/SimpleInlineType.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1676e27c2f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/SimpleInlineType.java
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+value class SimpleInlineType {
+    int x;
+
+    private SimpleInlineType() {
+        x = 0;
+    }
+
+    static SimpleInlineType create() {
+        return new SimpleInlineType();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "SimpleInlineType[x=" + x + "]";
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAbstractStrictFinalField.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAbstractStrictFinalField.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bc5ec7a4929
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAbstractStrictFinalField.java
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8384805
+ * @summary Test strict final field of an abstract class
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,${test.main.class}::call ${test.main.class}
+ */
+public class TestAbstractStrictFinalField {
+    private static value abstract class P {
+        int v;
+
+        P(int v) {
+            this.v = v;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static value class C1 extends P {
+        C1(int v) {
+            super(v);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static value class C2 extends P {
+        C2(int v) {
+            super(v);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static class Q {
+        int v;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20000; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(1, test(true, 1));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(1, test(false, 1));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static int test(boolean b, int v) {
+        P p;
+        if (b) {
+            p = new C1(v);
+        } else {
+            p = new C2(v);
+        }
+
+        Q q = new Q();
+        return p.v;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAcmpCyclicInlineType.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAcmpCyclicInlineType.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..165b608940a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAcmpCyclicInlineType.java
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8376213
+ * @summary Test acmp with cyclic value classes
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseFieldFlattening ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-UseFieldFlattening ${test.main.class}
+ */
+public class TestAcmpCyclicInlineType {
+
+    static value class Node {
+        Node prev;
+        int v;
+
+        Node(Node prev, int v) {
+            this.prev = prev;
+            this.v = v;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class ObjectHolder {
+        Object o;
+        int v;
+
+        ObjectHolder(Object o, int v) {
+            this.o = o;
+            this.v = v;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Node prev = new Node(null, 0);
+        Node n1 = new Node(prev, 0);
+        Node n2 = new Node(prev, 1);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20000; i++) {
+            compareNode(n1, n2);
+            compareObjectHolder(1, n1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static boolean compareNode(Node n1, Node n2) {
+        return n1 == n2;
+    }
+
+    static boolean compareObjectHolder(Integer o1, Node o2) {
+        ObjectHolder h1 = new ObjectHolder(o1, 0);
+        ObjectHolder h2 = new ObjectHolder(o2, 0);
+        return h1 == h2;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAcmpEdgeCases.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAcmpEdgeCases.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..aebe858e4a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAcmpEdgeCases.java
@@ -0,0 +1,476 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test correctness of acmp/substitutability with edge case values.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestAcmpEdgeCases
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+UseFieldFlattening
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestAcmpEdgeCases
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:-UseFieldFlattening
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestAcmpEdgeCases
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+
+public class TestAcmpEdgeCases {
+
+    static value class ByteValue {
+        byte value;
+
+        static final byte[] EDGE_CASES = {
+                (byte)0, (byte)-1, (byte)1, (byte)Utils.getRandomInstance().nextInt(),
+                Byte.MIN_VALUE, Byte.MAX_VALUE
+        };
+
+        public ByteValue(int index) {
+            value = EDGE_CASES[index];
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "ByteValue(" + value +
+                   ", bits=0x" + Integer.toHexString(value & 0xFF) + ")";
+        }
+
+        static boolean cmp(int i, int j) {
+            return EDGE_CASES[i] == EDGE_CASES[j];
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class BooleanValue {
+        boolean value;
+
+        static final boolean[] EDGE_CASES = {
+                false, true
+        };
+
+        public BooleanValue(int index) {
+            value = EDGE_CASES[index];
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "BooleanValue(" + value +
+                   ", bits=" + (value ? "1" : "0") + ")";
+        }
+
+        static boolean cmp(int i, int j) {
+            return EDGE_CASES[i] == EDGE_CASES[j];
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class CharValue {
+        char value;
+
+        static final char[] EDGE_CASES = {
+                (char)0,
+                (char)1,
+                (char)0xFFFF,
+                Character.MIN_VALUE,
+                Character.MAX_VALUE,
+                (char)Utils.getRandomInstance().nextInt()
+        };
+
+        public CharValue(int index) {
+            value = EDGE_CASES[index];
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "CharValue(" + (int)value +
+                   ", bits=0x" + Integer.toHexString(value) + ")";
+        }
+
+        static boolean cmp(int i, int j) {
+            return EDGE_CASES[i] == EDGE_CASES[j];
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class ShortValue {
+        short value;
+
+        static final short[] EDGE_CASES = {
+                (short)0, (short)-1, (short)1,
+                Short.MIN_VALUE, Short.MAX_VALUE,
+                (short)Utils.getRandomInstance().nextInt()
+        };
+
+        public ShortValue(int index) {
+            value = EDGE_CASES[index];
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "ShortValue(" + value +
+                   ", bits=0x" + Integer.toHexString(value & 0xFFFF) + ")";
+        }
+
+        static boolean cmp(int i, int j) {
+            return EDGE_CASES[i] == EDGE_CASES[j];
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class IntValue {
+        int value;
+
+        static final int[] EDGE_CASES = {
+                0, -1, 1,
+                Integer.MIN_VALUE, Integer.MAX_VALUE,
+                Utils.getRandomInstance().nextInt()
+        };
+
+        public IntValue(int index) {
+            value = EDGE_CASES[index];
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "IntValue(" + value +
+                   ", bits=0x" + Integer.toHexString(value) + ")";
+        }
+
+        static boolean cmp(int i, int j) {
+            return EDGE_CASES[i] == EDGE_CASES[j];
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class LongValue {
+        long value;
+
+        static final long[] EDGE_CASES = {
+                0L, -1L, 1L,
+                Long.MIN_VALUE, Long.MAX_VALUE,
+                Utils.getRandomInstance().nextLong()
+        };
+
+        public LongValue(int index) {
+            value = EDGE_CASES[index];
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "LongValue(" + value +
+                   ", bits=0x" + Long.toHexString(value) + ")";
+        }
+
+        static boolean cmp(int i, int j) {
+            return EDGE_CASES[i] == EDGE_CASES[j];
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class FloatValue {
+        float value;
+
+        static final float[] EDGE_CASES = {
+                +0.0f, -0.0f,
+                Float.POSITIVE_INFINITY, Float.NEGATIVE_INFINITY,
+                Float.NaN,
+                Float.MIN_VALUE, -Float.MIN_VALUE,
+                Float.MAX_VALUE, -Float.MAX_VALUE,
+                Float.intBitsToFloat(0x00800000), // smallest normal
+                Float.intBitsToFloat(0x80800000),
+                Float.intBitsToFloat(0x007FFFFF), // largest subnormal
+                Float.intBitsToFloat(0x807FFFFF),
+                Float.intBitsToFloat(0x7FC00000), // quiet NaN
+                Float.intBitsToFloat(0x7F800001), // signaling NaN
+                Float.intBitsToFloat(0x7FFFFFFF), // max payload
+                Float.intBitsToFloat(0xFFC00000), // negative quiet
+                Float.intBitsToFloat(0xFF800001), // negative signaling
+                Float.intBitsToFloat(0xFFFFFFFF),  // negative max payload
+                Utils.getRandomInstance().nextFloat()
+        };
+
+        public FloatValue(int index) {
+            value = EDGE_CASES[index];
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            int bits = Float.floatToRawIntBits(value);
+            return "FloatValue(" + value +
+                   ", bits=0x" + Integer.toHexString(bits) + ")";
+        }
+
+        static boolean cmp(int i, int j) {
+            return Float.floatToRawIntBits(EDGE_CASES[i]) == Float.floatToRawIntBits(EDGE_CASES[j]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class DoubleValue {
+        double value;
+
+        static final double[] EDGE_CASES = {
+                +0.0, -0.0,
+                Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY, Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY,
+                Double.NaN,
+                Double.MIN_VALUE, -Double.MIN_VALUE,
+                Double.MAX_VALUE, -Double.MAX_VALUE,
+                Double.longBitsToDouble(0x0010000000000000L), // smallest normal
+                Double.longBitsToDouble(0x8010000000000000L),
+                Double.longBitsToDouble(0x000FFFFFFFFFFFFFL), // largest subnormal
+                Double.longBitsToDouble(0x800FFFFFFFFFFFFFL),
+                Double.longBitsToDouble(0x7FF8000000000000L), // quiet NaN
+                Double.longBitsToDouble(0x7FF0000000000001L), // signaling NaN
+                Double.longBitsToDouble(0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFL), // max payload
+                Double.longBitsToDouble(0xFFF8000000000000L), // negative quiet NaN
+                Double.longBitsToDouble(0xFFF0000000000001L), // negative signaling
+                Double.longBitsToDouble(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFL), // negative max payload
+                Utils.getRandomInstance().nextDouble()
+        };
+
+        public DoubleValue(int index) {
+            value = EDGE_CASES[index];
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            long bits = Double.doubleToRawLongBits(value);
+            return "DoubleValue(" + value +
+                   ", bits=0x" + Long.toHexString(bits) + ")";
+        }
+
+        static boolean cmp(int i, int j) {
+            return Double.doubleToRawLongBits(EDGE_CASES[i]) == Double.doubleToRawLongBits(EDGE_CASES[j]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class ObjectValue {
+        Object value;
+
+        static final Object[] EDGE_CASES = {
+                null, 42, new LongValue(0), new IntValue(5), new Object()
+        };
+
+        public ObjectValue(int index) {
+            value = EDGE_CASES[index];
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "ObjectValue(" + value + ")";
+        }
+
+        static boolean cmp(int i, int j) {
+            return EDGE_CASES[i] == EDGE_CASES[j];
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class NestedValue {
+        IntValue value;
+
+        static final IntValue[] EDGE_CASES = {
+                null, new IntValue(0), new IntValue(1), new IntValue(2),
+                new IntValue(3), new IntValue(4), new IntValue(5)
+        };
+
+        public NestedValue(int index) {
+            value = EDGE_CASES[index];
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "NestedValue(" + value + ")";
+        }
+
+        static boolean cmp(int i, int j) {
+            return EDGE_CASES[i] == EDGE_CASES[j];
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static boolean testByteValue(ByteValue v1, ByteValue v2) {
+        return v1 == v2;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean testBooleanValue(BooleanValue v1, BooleanValue v2) {
+        return v1 == v2;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean testCharValue(CharValue v1, CharValue v2) {
+        return v1 == v2;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean testShortValue(ShortValue v1, ShortValue v2) {
+        return v1 == v2;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean testIntValue(IntValue v1, IntValue v2) {
+        return v1 == v2;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean testLongValue(LongValue v1, LongValue v2) {
+        return v1 == v2;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean testFloatValue(FloatValue v1, FloatValue v2) {
+        return v1 == v2;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean testDoubleValue(DoubleValue v1, DoubleValue v2) {
+        return v1 == v2;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean testObjectValue(ObjectValue v1, ObjectValue v2) {
+        return v1 == v2;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean testNestedValue(NestedValue v1, NestedValue v2) {
+        return v1 == v2;
+    }
+
+    public static Integer thirtyFour = 34;
+
+    public static boolean testNeRegionDeadInAcmp(Integer i) {
+        return i == 34 && i == thirtyFour;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+
+        for (int k = 0; k < 10_000; ++k) {
+            // ByteValue
+            for (int i = 0; i < ByteValue.EDGE_CASES.length; ++i) {
+                for (int j = 0; j < ByteValue.EDGE_CASES.length; ++j) {
+                    ByteValue val1 = new ByteValue(i);
+                    ByteValue val2 = new ByteValue(j);
+                    boolean res = testByteValue(val1, val2);
+                    if (res != (ByteValue.cmp(i, j))) {
+                        throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result '" + res + "' for " + val1 + " == " + val2);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // BooleanValue
+            for (int i = 0; i < BooleanValue.EDGE_CASES.length; ++i) {
+                for (int j = 0; j < BooleanValue.EDGE_CASES.length; ++j) {
+                    BooleanValue val1 = new BooleanValue(i);
+                    BooleanValue val2 = new BooleanValue(j);
+                    boolean res = testBooleanValue(val1, val2);
+                    if (res != (BooleanValue.cmp(i, j))) {
+                        throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result '" + res + "' for " + val1 + " == " + val2);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // CharValue
+            for (int i = 0; i < CharValue.EDGE_CASES.length; ++i) {
+                for (int j = 0; j < CharValue.EDGE_CASES.length; ++j) {
+                    CharValue val1 = new CharValue(i);
+                    CharValue val2 = new CharValue(j);
+                    boolean res = testCharValue(val1, val2);
+                    if (res != (CharValue.cmp(i, j))) {
+                        throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result '" + res + "' for " + val1 + " == " + val2);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // ShortValue
+            for (int i = 0; i < ShortValue.EDGE_CASES.length; ++i) {
+                for (int j = 0; j < ShortValue.EDGE_CASES.length; ++j) {
+                    ShortValue val1 = new ShortValue(i);
+                    ShortValue val2 = new ShortValue(j);
+                    boolean res = testShortValue(val1, val2);
+                    if (res != (ShortValue.cmp(i, j))) {
+                        throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result '" + res + "' for " + val1 + " == " + val2);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // IntValue
+            for (int i = 0; i < IntValue.EDGE_CASES.length; ++i) {
+                for (int j = 0; j < IntValue.EDGE_CASES.length; ++j) {
+                    IntValue val1 = new IntValue(i);
+                    IntValue val2 = new IntValue(j);
+                    boolean res = testIntValue(val1, val2);
+                    if (res != (IntValue.cmp(i, j))) {
+                        throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result '" + res + "' for " + val1 + " == " + val2);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // LongValue
+            for (int i = 0; i < LongValue.EDGE_CASES.length; ++i) {
+                for (int j = 0; j < LongValue.EDGE_CASES.length; ++j) {
+                    LongValue val1 = new LongValue(i);
+                    LongValue val2 = new LongValue(j);
+                    boolean res = testLongValue(val1, val2);
+                    if (res != (LongValue.cmp(i, j))) {
+                        throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result '" + res + "' for " + val1 + " == " + val2);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // FloatValue
+            for (int i = 0; i < FloatValue.EDGE_CASES.length; ++i) {
+                for (int j = 0; j < FloatValue.EDGE_CASES.length; ++j) {
+                    FloatValue val1 = new FloatValue(i);
+                    FloatValue val2 = new FloatValue(j);
+                    boolean res = testFloatValue(val1, val2);
+                    if (res != (FloatValue.cmp(i, j))) {
+                        throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result '" + res + "' for " + val1 + " == " + val2);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // DoubleValue
+            for (int i = 0; i < DoubleValue.EDGE_CASES.length; ++i) {
+                for (int j = 0; j < DoubleValue.EDGE_CASES.length; ++j) {
+                    DoubleValue val1 = new DoubleValue(i);
+                    DoubleValue val2 = new DoubleValue(j);
+                    boolean res = testDoubleValue(val1, val2);
+                    if (res != (DoubleValue.cmp(i, j))) {
+                        throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result '" + res + "' for " + val1 + " == " + val2);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // ObjectValue
+            for (int i = 0; i < ObjectValue.EDGE_CASES.length; ++i) {
+                for (int j = 0; j < ObjectValue.EDGE_CASES.length; ++j) {
+                    ObjectValue val1 = new ObjectValue(i);
+                    ObjectValue val2 = new ObjectValue(j);
+                    boolean res = testObjectValue(val1, val2);
+                    if (res != (ObjectValue.cmp(i, j))) {
+                        throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result '" + res + "' for " + val1 + " == " + val2);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // NestedValue
+            for (int i = 0; i < NestedValue.EDGE_CASES.length; ++i) {
+                for (int j = 0; j < NestedValue.EDGE_CASES.length; ++j) {
+                    NestedValue val1 = new NestedValue(i);
+                    NestedValue val2 = new NestedValue(j);
+                    boolean res = testNestedValue(val1, val2);
+                    if (res != (NestedValue.cmp(i, j))) {
+                        throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result '" + res + "' for " + val1 + " == " + val2);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        for (int k = 0; k < 10_000; k++) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testNeRegionDeadInAcmp(34));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(testNeRegionDeadInAcmp(35));
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAcmpFastPath.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAcmpFastPath.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ff8c3f69263
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAcmpFastPath.java
@@ -0,0 +1,503 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test acmp fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 0
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test acmp fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 1
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test acmp fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 2
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test acmp fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 3
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test acmp fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 4
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test acmp fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 5
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test acmp fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 6
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test acmp fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 7
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test acmp fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 8
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test acmp fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 9
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test acmp fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 10
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test acmp fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 11
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test acmp fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 12
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test acmp fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 13
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.*;
+
+public class TestAcmpFastPath {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Scenario[] scenarios = InlineTypes.DEFAULT_SCENARIOS;
+        int idx = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
+        Scenario scenario = scenarios[idx % 7];
+        if (idx / 7 == 1) {
+            scenario.addFlags("-XX:-UseAcmpFastPath");
+        }
+        scenario.addFlags();
+        InlineTypes.getFramework()
+                .addScenarios(scenario)
+                .start();
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class UniquelyDerivedBase {
+    }
+    static value class UniqueDerived extends UniquelyDerivedBase {
+        byte b;
+        UniqueDerived(byte b) {
+            this.b = b;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class MultiplyDerivedBase {
+    }
+    static value class Derived extends MultiplyDerivedBase {
+        byte b;
+        Derived(byte b) {
+            this.b = b;
+        }
+    }
+    // Prevents Derived from being the only concrete class under MultiplyDerivedBase
+    static value class EvilDerived extends MultiplyDerivedBase {
+        byte b;
+        EvilDerived(byte b) {
+            this.b = b;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class DerivedWrapper {
+        short s;
+        Derived b;
+        DerivedWrapper(byte b, short s) {
+            this.b = new Derived(b);
+            this.s = s;
+        }
+    }
+
+    value record ShortWrapper(short s) {}
+
+    static abstract value class AbstractShort {
+        ShortWrapper s;
+        AbstractShort(int s) {
+            this.s = new ShortWrapper((short)s);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "AbstractShort(" + s + ")";
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class ShortWithInt extends AbstractShort {
+        int i;
+        ShortWithInt(int s, int i) {
+            this.i = i;
+            super(s);
+        }
+        public String toString() {
+            return "ShortWithInt(s=" + s.s + ", i=" + i + ")";
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class Empty {}
+
+    @Run(test = {
+            "eq_object",
+            "neq_object",
+            "eq_unique_derived",
+            "neq_unique_derived",
+            "eq_uniquely_derived_base",
+            "neq_uniquely_derived_base",
+            "eq_derived",
+            "neq_derived",
+            "eq_base",
+            "neq_base",
+            "eq_derived_object",
+            "neq_derived_object",
+            "eq_object_derived",
+            "neq_object_derived",
+            "eq_object_base",
+            "neq_object_base",
+            "eq_derived_hidden_type",
+            "neq_derived_hidden_type",
+    })
+    @Warmup(0)  // We want to prevent profiling
+    public void run() {
+        var wrapper1 = new DerivedWrapper((byte)0, (short)0xa2a1);
+        var wrapper2 = new DerivedWrapper((byte)0, (short)0xa2a1);
+
+        var derived1 = new Derived((byte)0);
+        var derived2 = new Derived((byte)0);
+        var derived3 = new Derived((byte)1);
+        var evilDerived1 = new EvilDerived((byte)1);  // Force class loading
+
+        Asserts.assertTrue(eq_object(wrapper1, wrapper1));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(neq_object(wrapper1, wrapper1));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(eq_object(wrapper1, wrapper2));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(neq_object(wrapper1, wrapper2));
+
+        Asserts.assertTrue(eq_derived(derived1, derived2));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(neq_derived(derived1, derived2));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(eq_base(derived1, derived2));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(neq_base(derived1, derived2));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(eq_derived_object(derived1, derived2));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(neq_derived_object(derived1, derived2));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(eq_object_derived(derived1, derived2));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(neq_object_derived(derived1, derived2));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(eq_object_base(derived1, derived2));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(neq_object_base(derived1, derived2));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(eq_derived_hidden_type(derived1, derived2));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(neq_derived_hidden_type(derived1, derived2));
+
+        Asserts.assertFalse(eq_derived(derived1, derived3));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(neq_derived(derived1, derived3));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(eq_base(derived1, derived3));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(neq_base(derived1, derived3));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(eq_derived_object(derived1, derived3));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(neq_derived_object(derived1, derived3));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(eq_object_derived(derived1, derived3));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(neq_object_derived(derived1, derived3));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(eq_object_base(derived1, derived3));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(neq_object_base(derived1, derived3));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(eq_derived_hidden_type(derived1, derived3));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(neq_derived_hidden_type(derived1, derived3));
+
+        Asserts.assertFalse(eq_base(derived1, evilDerived1));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(eq_object_base(derived1, evilDerived1));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(neq_object_base(derived1, evilDerived1));
+
+        var uniqueDerived1 = new UniqueDerived((byte)0);
+        var uniqueDerived2 = new UniqueDerived((byte)0);
+        var uniqueDerived3 = new UniqueDerived((byte)1);
+
+        Asserts.assertTrue(eq_object(uniqueDerived1, uniqueDerived2));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(neq_object(uniqueDerived1, uniqueDerived2));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(eq_object(uniqueDerived1, uniqueDerived3));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(neq_object(uniqueDerived1, uniqueDerived3));
+
+        Asserts.assertTrue(eq_unique_derived(uniqueDerived1, uniqueDerived2));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(neq_unique_derived(uniqueDerived1, uniqueDerived2));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(eq_uniquely_derived_base(uniqueDerived1, uniqueDerived2));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(neq_uniquely_derived_base(uniqueDerived1, uniqueDerived2));
+
+        Asserts.assertFalse(eq_unique_derived(uniqueDerived1, uniqueDerived3));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(neq_unique_derived(uniqueDerived1, uniqueDerived3));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(eq_uniquely_derived_base(uniqueDerived1, uniqueDerived3));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(neq_uniquely_derived_base(uniqueDerived1, uniqueDerived3));
+
+
+        var sl = new ShortWithInt(0, 1);
+        var sr = new ShortWithInt(1, 1);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(eq_object(sl, sr));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(neq_object(sl, sr));
+
+        var emptyl = new Empty();
+        var emptyr = new Empty();
+        Asserts.assertTrue(eq_object(emptyl, emptyr));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(neq_object(emptyl, emptyr));
+    }
+
+    // Get acmp fast path
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {AND_L, "1", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "false"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {AND_L, "1", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "false"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {AND_L, "3", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "true"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {AND_L, "3", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "true"})
+    boolean eq_object(Object a, Object b) {
+        return a == b;
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {AND_L, "1", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "false"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {AND_L, "1", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "false"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {AND_L, "3", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "true"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {AND_L, "3", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "true"})
+    boolean neq_object(Object a, Object b) {
+        return a != b;
+    }
+
+    // No acmp fast path: the type is precise, and the call will be intrinsified
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, failOn = {AND_L})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {AND_L, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    boolean eq_unique_derived(UniqueDerived a, UniqueDerived b) {
+        return a == b;
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, failOn = {AND_L})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {AND_L, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    boolean neq_unique_derived(UniqueDerived a, UniqueDerived b) {
+        return a != b;
+    }
+
+    // No acmp fast path: single concrete derived
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, failOn = {AND_L})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {AND_L, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    boolean eq_uniquely_derived_base(UniquelyDerivedBase a, UniquelyDerivedBase b) {
+        return a == b;
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, failOn = {AND_L})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {AND_L, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    boolean neq_uniquely_derived_base(UniquelyDerivedBase a, UniquelyDerivedBase b) {
+        return a != b;
+    }
+
+    // No acmp fast path: the type is precise, and the call will be intrinsified
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, failOn = {AND_L})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {AND_L, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    boolean eq_derived(Derived a, Derived b) {
+        return a == b;
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, failOn = {AND_L})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {AND_L, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    boolean neq_derived(Derived a, Derived b) {
+        return a != b;
+    }
+
+    // Get acmp fast path: multiple derived
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {AND_L, "1", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "false"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {AND_L, "1", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "false"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {AND_L, "3", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "true"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {AND_L, "3", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "true"})
+    boolean eq_base(MultiplyDerivedBase a, MultiplyDerivedBase b) {
+        return a == b;
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {AND_L, "1", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "false"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {AND_L, "1", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "false"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {AND_L, "3", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "true"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {AND_L, "3", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "true"})
+    boolean neq_base(MultiplyDerivedBase a, MultiplyDerivedBase b) {
+        return a != b;
+    }
+
+    // No acmp fast path: the lhs type is precise, and the call will be intrinsified
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {AND_L, "1", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {AND_L, "1"}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    boolean eq_derived_object(Derived a, Object b) {
+        return a == b;
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {AND_L, "1", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {AND_L, "1"}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    boolean neq_derived_object(Derived a, Object b) {
+        return a != b;
+    }
+
+    // No acmp fast path: the lhs type is precise, and the call will be intrinsified
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, failOn = {AND_L})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {AND_L, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    boolean eq_object_derived(Object a, Derived b) {
+        return a == b;
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, failOn = {AND_L})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {AND_L, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    boolean neq_object_derived(Object a, Derived b) {
+        return a != b;
+    }
+
+    // Get acmp fast path
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {AND_L, "1", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "false"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {AND_L, "1", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "false"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {AND_L, "3", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "true"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {AND_L, "3", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "true"})
+    boolean eq_object_base(Object a, MultiplyDerivedBase b) {
+        return a == b;
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {AND_L, "1", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "false"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {AND_L, "1", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "false"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {AND_L, "3", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "true"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {AND_L, "3", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIf = {"UseAcmpFastPath", "true"})
+    boolean neq_object_base(Object a, MultiplyDerivedBase b) {
+        return a != b;
+    }
+
+    // Hides the type during parsing when always incrementally inlining
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object getter(Object o) {
+        return o;
+    }
+
+    // With late inlining, type is hidden at first, and a fast path is generated.
+    // Later, type becomes precise, call is intrinsified and fast path is removed.
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, failOn = {AND_L}, applyIf = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "false"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {AND_L, "3", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseAcmpFastPath", "true"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {AND_L, "1", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseAcmpFastPath", "false"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {AND_L, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    boolean eq_derived_hidden_type(Derived a, Derived b) {
+        return getter(a) == getter(b);
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, failOn = {AND_L}, applyIf = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "false"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {AND_L, "3", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseAcmpFastPath", "true"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {AND_L, "1", STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseAcmpFastPath", "false"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {AND_L, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    boolean neq_derived_hidden_type(Derived a, Derived b) {
+        return getter(a) != getter(b);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAcmpFastPathPerf.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAcmpFastPathPerf.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..85dc3f64f48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAcmpFastPathPerf.java
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test acmp fast path with value classes
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=30 -Xbatch
+ *                              -XX:CompileCommand=CompileOnly,${test.main.class}::test
+ *                              ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+// In debug build, it's about 1s with acmp fast path, ~ 4 min without, and < 0.5s without Valhalla
+// In product build, it's resp. 1s, 1 min, < 0.5s.
+public class TestAcmpFastPathPerf {
+    static final int BIG_SIZE = 10_000;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // First, let's ruin profiling for ::test, with a mix of value classes, identity classes, null,
+        // giving successful and failed tests.
+        Object[] l = new Object[]{null, "abc", 1, (short)1};
+        Object[] r = new Object[]{2, "abc", 1, null};
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; i++) {
+            test(l, r);
+        }
+
+        // Now, we can peacefully try the fast path without being bothered by profiling.
+        l = new Object[2 * BIG_SIZE];
+        r = new Object[2 * BIG_SIZE];
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < BIG_SIZE; i++) {
+            l[2*i    ] = i;
+            r[2*i    ] = i;
+            l[2*i + 1] = i;
+            r[2*i + 1] = -i;
+        }
+        test(l, r);
+    }
+
+    static int test(Object[] l, Object[] r) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < l.length; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < r.length; j++) {
+                if (l[i] == r[j]) {
+                    s++;
+                } else {
+                    s--;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAcmpStressUnstableIf.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAcmpStressUnstableIf.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c14c7dafc12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAcmpStressUnstableIf.java
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8367244
+ * @summary Ensure the stress counter is wired correctly with StressUnstableIf for acmp.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAcmpStressUnstableIf.test
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+StressUnstableIfTraps -XX:StressSeed=3862475856
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestAcmpStressUnstableIf
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAcmpStressUnstableIf.test
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+StressUnstableIfTraps
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestAcmpStressUnstableIf
+ * @run main compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestAcmpStressUnstableIf
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+public class TestAcmpStressUnstableIf {
+    static value class MyValue {
+        int x;
+
+        public MyValue(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        MyValue val = new MyValue(123456);
+        MyValue val_copy = new MyValue(123456);
+        MyValue val_diff = new MyValue(123456 + 1);
+
+        test(val, val_copy, val_diff);
+    }
+
+    public static void test(MyValue val, MyValue val_copy, MyValue val_diff) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 30_000; ++i) {
+            if (val != val_copy) {
+                return;
+            }
+            if (val == val_diff) {
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAcmpWithUnstableIf.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAcmpWithUnstableIf.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d92f05ea403
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAcmpWithUnstableIf.java
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test that deoptimization at unstable ifs in acmp works as expected.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+StressUnstableIfTraps compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestAcmpWithUnstableIf
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestAcmpWithUnstableIf::test* -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+StressUnstableIfTraps compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestAcmpWithUnstableIf
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+
+public class TestAcmpWithUnstableIf {
+
+    public static final int     EQUAL = Utils.getRandomInstance().nextInt();
+    public static final int NOT_EQUAL = Utils.getRandomInstance().nextInt();
+
+    static value class MyValue {
+        int x;
+
+        public MyValue(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static int test1(MyValue val1, MyValue val2, int resEqual, int resNotEqual) {
+        if (val1 == val2) {
+            return resEqual;
+        }
+        return resNotEqual;
+    }
+
+    public static int test2(MyValue val1, MyValue val2, int resEqual, int resNotEqual) {
+        if (val1 == val2) {
+            return resEqual;
+        }
+        return resNotEqual;
+    }
+
+    public static int test3(MyValue val1, MyValue val2, int resEqual, int resNotEqual) {
+        if (val1 == val2) {
+            return resEqual;
+        }
+        return resNotEqual;
+    }
+
+    public static int test4(MyValue val1, MyValue val2, int resEqual, int resNotEqual) {
+        if (val1 == val2) {
+            return resEqual;
+        }
+        return resNotEqual;
+    }
+
+    public static int test5(MyValue val1, MyValue val2, int resEqual, int resNotEqual) {
+        if (val1 != val2) {
+            return resNotEqual;
+        }
+        return resEqual;
+    }
+
+    public static int test6(MyValue val1, MyValue val2, int resEqual, int resNotEqual) {
+        if (val1 != val2) {
+            return resNotEqual;
+        }
+        return resEqual;
+    }
+
+    public static int test7(MyValue val1, MyValue val2, int resEqual, int resNotEqual) {
+        if (val1 != val2) {
+            return resNotEqual;
+        }
+        return resEqual;
+    }
+
+    public static int test8(MyValue val1, MyValue val2, int resEqual, int resNotEqual) {
+        if (val1 != val2) {
+            return resNotEqual;
+        }
+        return resEqual;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        MyValue val = new MyValue(EQUAL);
+        MyValue val_copy = new MyValue(EQUAL);
+        MyValue val_diff = new MyValue(EQUAL + 1);
+
+        // Warmup
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; ++i) {
+            // Equal arguments, same oop
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test1(val, val, EQUAL, NOT_EQUAL), EQUAL);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test5(val, val, EQUAL, NOT_EQUAL), EQUAL);
+
+            // Equal arguments, different oop
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test2(val, val_copy, EQUAL, NOT_EQUAL), EQUAL);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test6(val, val_copy, EQUAL, NOT_EQUAL), EQUAL);
+
+            // Different arguments
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test3(val, val_diff, EQUAL, NOT_EQUAL), NOT_EQUAL);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test4(val, val_diff, EQUAL, NOT_EQUAL), NOT_EQUAL);
+
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test7(val, val_diff, EQUAL, NOT_EQUAL), NOT_EQUAL);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test8(val, val_diff, EQUAL, NOT_EQUAL), NOT_EQUAL);
+        }
+
+        // Now trigger deoptimization
+
+        // Different arguments
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test1(val, val_diff, EQUAL, NOT_EQUAL), NOT_EQUAL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test2(val, val_diff, EQUAL, NOT_EQUAL), NOT_EQUAL);
+
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test5(val, val_diff, EQUAL, NOT_EQUAL), NOT_EQUAL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test6(val, val_diff, EQUAL, NOT_EQUAL), NOT_EQUAL);
+
+        // Equal arguments, same oop
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test3(val, val, EQUAL, NOT_EQUAL), EQUAL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test7(val, val, EQUAL, NOT_EQUAL), EQUAL);
+
+        // Equal arguments, different oop
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test4(val, val_copy, EQUAL, NOT_EQUAL), EQUAL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test8(val, val_copy, EQUAL, NOT_EQUAL), EQUAL);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAdapterSharing.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAdapterSharing.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..64717c23c3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAdapterSharing.java
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8348547
+ * @summary Test that adapters are not shared between calls with different shapes
+ * @requires vm.debug == true
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+VerifyAdapterSharing compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestAdapterSharing
+ */
+public class TestAdapterSharing {
+    static abstract value class MyAbstract {
+        int i;
+
+        MyAbstract(int i) {
+            this.i = i;
+        }
+    }
+    static value class MyValue1 extends MyAbstract {
+        MyValue1(int i) {
+            super(i);
+        }
+
+        void test() {}
+    }
+
+    static value class Empty {
+    }
+
+    public static value class MyValue2 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Empty e;
+        int i;
+
+        MyValue2(int i) {
+            this.e = new Empty();
+            this.i = i;
+        }
+
+        void test() {}
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        MyValue1 v1 = new MyValue1(0);
+        v1.test();
+        MyValue2 v2 = new MyValue2(0);
+        v2.test();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAllocationMergeAndFolding.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAllocationMergeAndFolding.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f6d8997bf59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAllocationMergeAndFolding.java
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8315003
+ * @summary Test that removing allocation merges of non-value and value object at EA is working properly.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 0
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8315003
+ * @summary Test that removing allocation merges of non-value and value object at EA is working properly.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 1
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8315003
+ * @summary Test that removing allocation merges of non-value and value object at EA is working properly.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 2
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8315003
+ * @summary Test that removing allocation merges of non-value and value object at EA is working properly.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 3
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8315003
+ * @summary Test that removing allocation merges of non-value and value object at EA is working properly.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 4
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8315003
+ * @summary Test that removing allocation merges of non-value and value object at EA is working properly.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 5
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8315003
+ * @summary Test that removing allocation merges of non-value and value object at EA is working properly.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 6
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8315003
+ * @summary Test that removing allocation merges of non-value and value object at EA is working properly.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 7
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8315003
+ * @summary Test that removing allocation merges of non-value and value object at EA is working properly.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 8
+ */
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+
+import java.util.Random;
+
+public class TestAllocationMergeAndFolding {
+    private static final Random RANDOM = Utils.getRandomInstance();
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestFramework framework = InlineTypes.getFramework();
+        int index = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
+        if (index < 7) {
+            framework.addScenarios(InlineTypes.DEFAULT_SCENARIOS[index]);
+        } else if (index == 7) {
+            framework.addScenarios(new Scenario(7, "--enable-preview", "-XX:-UseCompressedOops"));
+        } else {
+            framework.addScenarios(new Scenario(8, "--enable-preview", "-XX:+UseCompressedOops"));
+        }
+        framework.start();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = IRNode.ALLOC)
+    static int test(boolean flag) {
+        Object o;
+        if (flag) {
+            o = new V(34);
+        } else {
+            o = new Object();
+        }
+        dontInline(); // Not inlined and thus we have a safepoint where keep phi(o) = [V, Object].
+
+        // 'o' escapes as store to 'f'. However, 'f' does not escape and can be removed. As a result, we can also remove
+        // the allocations in both branches with EA after JDK-8287061. Since V has an inline type field v2, we put it
+        // on a list to scalarize it as well. The improved allocation merge was disabled in Valhalla but is now enabled
+        // and fixed with JDK-8315003.
+        Foo f = new Foo(o);
+        return f.i;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    static void dontInline() {
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test")
+    static void run() {
+        test(RANDOM.nextBoolean());
+    }
+
+    static class Foo {
+        Object o;
+        int i;
+
+        Foo(Object o) {
+            this.o = o;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class V {
+        int i;
+        V2 v2;
+
+        V(int i) {
+            this.i = i;
+            this.v2 = new V2();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class V2 {
+    }
+
+    // TODO 8376254: C1 bailouts if the type of the nullable flat field is uninitialized
+    static final V2 LOAD_V2 = new V2();
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayAccessDeopt.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayAccessDeopt.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..790271b00c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayAccessDeopt.java
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @summary Verify that certain array accesses do not trigger deoptimization.
+ * @requires vm.debug == true
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayAccessDeopt
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt {
+    public int x = 0;
+}
+
+public class TestArrayAccessDeopt {
+
+    public static void test1(Object[] va, Object vt) {
+        va[0] = vt;
+    }
+
+    public static void test2(Object[] va, MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt vt) {
+        va[0] = vt;
+    }
+
+    public static void test3(MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt[] va, Object vt) {
+        va[0] = (MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt)vt;
+    }
+
+    public static void test4(MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt[] va, MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt vt) {
+        va[0] = vt;
+    }
+
+    public static void test5(Object[] va, MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt vt) {
+        va[0] = vt;
+    }
+
+    public static void test6(MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt[] va, Object vt) {
+        va[0] = (MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt)Objects.requireNonNull(vt);
+    }
+
+    public static void test7(MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt[] va, MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt vt) {
+        va[0] = vt;
+    }
+
+    public static void test8(MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt[] va, MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt vt) {
+        va[0] = vt;
+    }
+
+    public static void test9(MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt[] va, MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt vt) {
+        va[0] = Objects.requireNonNull(vt);
+    }
+
+    public static void test10(Object[] va) {
+        va[0] = null;
+    }
+
+    public static void test11(MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt[] va) {
+        va[0] = null;
+    }
+
+    static public void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        if (args.length == 0) {
+            // Run test in new VM instance
+            String[] arg = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                            "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:CompileCommand=quiet", "-XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayAccessDeopt::test*", "-XX:-UseArrayLoadStoreProfile",
+                            "-XX:+TraceDeoptimization", "-Xbatch", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-Xmixed", "-XX:+ProfileInterpreter", "compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayAccessDeopt", "run"};
+            OutputAnalyzer oa = ProcessTools.executeTestJava(arg);
+            oa.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+            String output = oa.getOutput();
+            oa.shouldNotContain("UNCOMMON TRAP");
+        } else {
+            MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt[] va = (MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt.class, 1, new MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt());
+            MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt[] vaB = new MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt[1];
+            MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt vt = new MyValue1ArrayAccessDeopt();
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; ++i) {
+                test1(va, vt);
+                test1(vaB, vt);
+                test1(vaB, null);
+                test2(va, vt);
+                test2(vaB, vt);
+                test2(vaB, null);
+                test3(va, vt);
+                test3(vaB, vt);
+                test3(vaB, null);
+                test4(va, vt);
+                test4(vaB, vt);
+                test4(vaB, null);
+                test5(va, vt);
+                test5(vaB, vt);
+                test6(va, vt);
+                try {
+                    test6(va, null);
+                    throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+                } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+                    // Expected
+                }
+                test7(va, vt);
+                test8(va, vt);
+                test8(vaB, vt);
+                test9(va, vt);
+                try {
+                    test9(va, null);
+                    throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+                } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+                    // Expected
+                }
+                test10(vaB);
+                test11(vaB);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayAccessProfileRace.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayAccessProfileRace.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4e94dfc79e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayAccessProfileRace.java
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test racy array access profiling.
+ * @bug 8381373
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::profileArray
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+public class TestArrayAccessProfileRace {
+    private static final WhiteBox WB = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+    private static final int C1_FULL_PROFILE = 3;
+    private static final int C2 = 4;
+    private static volatile boolean startProfiling;
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class ArrayAccessValue {
+        int x;
+
+        ArrayAccessValue(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Trigger array load/store profiling
+    static int profileArray(Object[] array, Object val) {
+        int sum = 0;
+        sum += ((ArrayAccessValue)array[0]).x;
+        array[0] = val;
+        sum += ((ArrayAccessValue)array[0]).x;
+        array[0] = val;
+        sum += ((ArrayAccessValue)array[0]).x;
+        array[0] = val;
+        sum += ((ArrayAccessValue)array[0]).x;
+        array[0] = val;
+        sum += ((ArrayAccessValue)array[0]).x;
+        array[0] = val;
+        sum += ((ArrayAccessValue)array[0]).x;
+        array[0] = val;
+        sum += ((ArrayAccessValue)array[0]).x;
+        array[0] = val;
+        sum += ((ArrayAccessValue)array[0]).x;
+        array[0] = val;
+        sum += ((ArrayAccessValue)array[0]).x;
+        array[0] = val;
+        sum += ((ArrayAccessValue)array[0]).x;
+        array[0] = val;
+        sum += ((ArrayAccessValue)array[0]).x;
+        array[0] = val;
+        sum += ((ArrayAccessValue)array[0]).x;
+        array[0] = val;
+        sum += ((ArrayAccessValue)array[0]).x;
+        array[0] = val;
+        sum += ((ArrayAccessValue)array[0]).x;
+        array[0] = val;
+        sum += ((ArrayAccessValue)array[0]).x;
+        array[0] = val;
+        sum += ((ArrayAccessValue)array[0]).x;
+        array[0] = val;
+        sum += ((ArrayAccessValue)array[0]).x;
+        array[0] = val;
+        sum += ((ArrayAccessValue)array[0]).x;
+        array[0] = val;
+        sum += ((ArrayAccessValue)array[0]).x;
+        array[0] = val;
+        sum += ((ArrayAccessValue)array[0]).x;
+        array[0] = val;
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        // Create an array with random properties
+        Object[] array;
+        Object val = new ArrayAccessValue(42);
+        int arrayKind = Utils.getRandomInstance().nextInt(5);
+        switch (arrayKind) {
+            case 0:
+                array = new ArrayAccessValue[1];
+                array[0] = val;
+                break;
+            case 1:
+                array = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ArrayAccessValue.class, 1, val);
+                break;
+            case 2:
+                array = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ArrayAccessValue.class, 1, val);
+                break;
+            case 3:
+                array = ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(ArrayAccessValue.class, 1);
+                array[0] = val;
+                break;
+            case 4:
+                array = ValueClass.newReferenceArray(ArrayAccessValue.class, 1);
+                array[0] = val;
+                break;
+            default:
+                throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected arrayKind: " + arrayKind);
+        }
+        Method method = TestArrayAccessProfileRace.class.getDeclaredMethod("profileArray", Object[].class, Object.class);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+            // Reset profile information
+            startProfiling = false;
+            WB.deoptimizeMethod(method);
+            WB.clearMethodState(method);
+
+            // C1 compile the profiling method and mark the profile
+            // as mature so that C2 will consume it immediately
+            WB.enqueueMethodForCompilation(method, C1_FULL_PROFILE);
+            WB.markMethodProfiled(method);
+
+            // Profile asynchronously to the C2 compilation
+            Thread profiler = new Thread(() -> {
+                while (!startProfiling) {
+                    Thread.onSpinWait();
+                }
+                profileArray(array, val);
+            });
+            profiler.start();
+
+            // Start profiling and C2 compilation in the hope
+            // that this will trigger the race.
+            startProfiling = true;
+            WB.enqueueMethodForCompilation(method, C2);
+            profiler.join();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayCopy.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayCopy.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b9af773c617
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayCopy.java
@@ -0,0 +1,696 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=default
+ * @summary Test correctness of arraycopy intrinsic.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayCopy
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=NoTraps
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:PerMethodSpecTrapLimit=0 -XX:PerMethodTrapLimit=0
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayCopy
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=AlwaysIncrementalInline
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayCopy
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=NoArrayFlattening
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayCopy
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.util.Random;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+public class TestArrayCopy {
+    static final Random RAND = Utils.getRandomInstance();
+    static final int LEN = RAND.nextInt(10) + 1;
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyInt {
+        int i = RAND.nextInt(10); // No need to check all values but the all-zero value is important
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getSrc1(int len) {
+        MyInt[] src = new MyInt[len];
+        src[0] = new MyInt();
+        return src;
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getDst1(int len) {
+        return new MyInt[len];
+    }
+
+    static void test1(int len) {
+        Object[] src = getSrc1(len);
+        Object[] dst = getDst1(len);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getSrc2(int len) {
+        MyInt[] src = new MyInt[len];
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = new MyInt();
+        }
+        return src;
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getDst2(int len) {
+        return ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len, new MyInt());
+    }
+
+    static void test2(int len) {
+        Object[] src = getSrc2(len);
+        Object[] dst = getDst2(len);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getSrc2NoInit(int len) {
+        MyInt[] src = new MyInt[len];
+        // Last element not initialized
+        for (int i = 0; i < len - 1; ++i) {
+            src[i] = new MyInt();
+        }
+        return src;
+    }
+
+    static void test2NoInit(int len) {
+        Object[] src = getSrc2NoInit(len);
+        Object[] dst = getDst2(len);
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NullPointerException thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getSrc3(int len) {
+        MyInt[] src = new MyInt[len];
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = new MyInt();
+        }
+        return src;
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getDst3(int len) {
+        return ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len, new MyInt());
+    }
+
+    static void test3(int len) {
+        Object[] src = getSrc3(len);
+        Object[] dst = getDst3(len);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getSrc3NoInit(int len) {
+        MyInt[] src = new MyInt[len];
+        // Last element not initialized
+        for (int i = 0; i < len - 1; ++i) {
+            src[i] = new MyInt();
+        }
+        return src;
+    }
+
+    static void test3NoInit(int len) {
+        Object[] src = getSrc3NoInit(len);
+        Object[] dst = getDst3(len);
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NullPointerException thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getSrc4(int len) {
+        MyInt[] src = new MyInt[len];
+        src[0] = new MyInt();
+        return src;
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getDst4(int len) {
+        return ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len);
+    }
+
+    static void test4(int len) {
+        Object[] src = getSrc4(len);
+        Object[] dst = getDst4(len);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getSrc5(int len) {
+        return ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len, new MyInt());
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getDst5(int len) {
+        return new MyInt[len];
+    }
+
+    static void test5(int len) {
+        Object[] src = getSrc5(len);
+        Object[] dst = getDst5(len);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getSrc6(int len) {
+        return ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len, new MyInt());
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getDst6(int len) {
+        return ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len, new MyInt());
+    }
+
+    static void test6(int len) {
+        Object[] src = getSrc6(len);
+        Object[] dst = getDst6(len);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getSrc7(int len) {
+        return ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len, new MyInt());
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getDst7(int len) {
+        return ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len, new MyInt());
+    }
+
+    static void test7(int len) {
+        Object[] src = getSrc7(len);
+        Object[] dst = getDst7(len);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getSrc8(int len) {
+        return ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len, new MyInt());
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getDst8(int len) {
+        return ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len);
+    }
+
+    static void test8(int len) {
+        Object[] src = getSrc8(len);
+        Object[] dst = getDst8(len);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getSrc9(int len) {
+        return ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len, new MyInt());
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getDst9(int len) {
+        return new MyInt[len];
+    }
+
+    static void test9(int len) {
+        Object[] src = getSrc9(len);
+        Object[] dst = getDst9(len);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getSrc10(int len) {
+        return ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len, new MyInt());
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getDst10(int len) {
+        return ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len, new MyInt());
+    }
+
+    static void test10(int len) {
+        Object[] src = getSrc10(len);
+        Object[] dst = getDst10(len);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getSrc11(int len) {
+        return ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len, new MyInt());
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getDst11(int len) {
+        return ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len, new MyInt());
+    }
+
+    static void test11(int len) {
+        Object[] src = getSrc11(len);
+        Object[] dst = getDst11(len);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getSrc12(int len) {
+        return ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len, new MyInt());
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getDst12(int len) {
+        return ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len);
+    }
+
+    static void test12(int len) {
+        Object[] src = getSrc12(len);
+        Object[] dst = getDst12(len);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getSrc13(int len) {
+        MyInt[] src = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len);
+        src[0] = new MyInt();
+        return src;
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getDst13(int len) {
+        return new MyInt[len];
+    }
+
+    static void test13(int len) {
+        Object[] src = getSrc13(len);
+        Object[] dst = getDst13(len);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getSrc14(int len) {
+        MyInt[] src = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = new MyInt();
+        }
+        return src;
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getDst14(int len) {
+        return ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len, new MyInt());
+    }
+
+    static void test14(int len) {
+        Object[] src = getSrc14(len);
+        Object[] dst = getDst14(len);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getSrc14NoInit(int len) {
+        MyInt[] src = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len);
+        // Last element not initialized
+        for (int i = 0; i < len - 1; ++i) {
+            src[i] = new MyInt();
+        }
+        return src;
+    }
+
+    static void test14NoInit(int len) {
+        Object[] src = getSrc14NoInit(len);
+        Object[] dst = getDst14(len);
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NullPointerException thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getSrc15(int len) {
+        MyInt[] src = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = new MyInt();
+        }
+        return src;
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getDst15(int len) {
+        return ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len, new MyInt());
+    }
+
+    static void test15(int len) {
+        Object[] src = getSrc15(len);
+        Object[] dst = getDst15(len);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getSrc15NoInit(int len) {
+        MyInt[] src = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len);
+        // Last element not initialized
+        for (int i = 0; i < len - 1; ++i) {
+            src[i] = new MyInt();
+        }
+        return src;
+    }
+
+    static void test15NoInit(int len) {
+        Object[] src = getSrc15NoInit(len);
+        Object[] dst = getDst15(len);
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NullPointerException thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getSrc16(int len) {
+        MyInt[] src = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len);
+        src[0] = new MyInt();
+        return src;
+    }
+
+    static Object[] getDst16(int len) {
+        return ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyInt.class, len);
+    }
+
+    static void test16(int len) {
+        Object[] src = getSrc16(len);
+        Object[] dst = getDst16(len);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testConstantLen1() {
+        Object[] src = getSrc1(LEN);
+        Object[] dst = getDst1(LEN);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+        for (int i = 0; i < LEN; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testConstantLen2() {
+        Object[] src = getSrc2(LEN);
+        Object[] dst = getDst2(LEN);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+        for (int i = 0; i < LEN; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testConstantLen2NoInit() {
+        Object[] src = getSrc2NoInit(LEN);
+        Object[] dst = getDst2(LEN);
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NullPointerException thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testConstantLen3() {
+        Object[] src = getSrc3(LEN);
+        Object[] dst = getDst3(LEN);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+        for (int i = 0; i < LEN; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testConstantLen3NoInit() {
+        Object[] src = getSrc3NoInit(LEN);
+        Object[] dst = getDst3(LEN);
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NullPointerException thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testConstantLen4() {
+        Object[] src = getSrc4(LEN);
+        Object[] dst = getDst4(LEN);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+        for (int i = 0; i < LEN; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testConstantLen5() {
+        Object[] src = getSrc5(LEN);
+        Object[] dst = getDst5(LEN);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+        for (int i = 0; i < LEN; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testConstantLen6() {
+        Object[] src = getSrc6(LEN);
+        Object[] dst = getDst6(LEN);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+        for (int i = 0; i < LEN; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testConstantLen7() {
+        Object[] src = getSrc7(LEN);
+        Object[] dst = getDst7(LEN);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+        for (int i = 0; i < LEN; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testConstantLen8() {
+        Object[] src = getSrc8(LEN);
+        Object[] dst = getDst8(LEN);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+        for (int i = 0; i < LEN; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testConstantLen9() {
+        Object[] src = getSrc9(LEN);
+        Object[] dst = getDst9(LEN);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+        for (int i = 0; i < LEN; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testConstantLen10() {
+        Object[] src = getSrc10(LEN);
+        Object[] dst = getDst10(LEN);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+        for (int i = 0; i < LEN; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testConstantLen11() {
+        Object[] src = getSrc11(LEN);
+        Object[] dst = getDst11(LEN);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+        for (int i = 0; i < LEN; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testConstantLen12() {
+        Object[] src = getSrc12(LEN);
+        Object[] dst = getDst12(LEN);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+        for (int i = 0; i < LEN; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testConstantLen13() {
+        Object[] src = getSrc13(LEN);
+        Object[] dst = getDst13(LEN);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+        for (int i = 0; i < LEN; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testConstantLen14() {
+        Object[] src = getSrc14(LEN);
+        Object[] dst = getDst14(LEN);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+        for (int i = 0; i < LEN; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testConstantLen14NoInit() {
+        Object[] src = getSrc14NoInit(LEN);
+        Object[] dst = getDst14(LEN);
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NullPointerException thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testConstantLen15() {
+        Object[] src = getSrc15(LEN);
+        Object[] dst = getDst15(LEN);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+        for (int i = 0; i < LEN; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testConstantLen15NoInit() {
+        Object[] src = getSrc15NoInit(LEN);
+        Object[] dst = getDst15(LEN);
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NullPointerException thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testConstantLen16() {
+        Object[] src = getSrc16(LEN);
+        Object[] dst = getDst16(LEN);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+        for (int i = 0; i < LEN; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; ++i) {
+            int len = (i % 10) + 1;
+            test1(len);
+            test2(len);
+            test2NoInit(len);
+            test3(len);
+            test3NoInit(len);
+            test4(len);
+            test5(len);
+            test6(len);
+            test7(len);
+            test8(len);
+            test9(len);
+            test10(len);
+            test11(len);
+            test12(len);
+            test13(len);
+            test14(len);
+            test14NoInit(len);
+            test15(len);
+            test15NoInit(len);
+            test16(len);
+
+            testConstantLen1();
+            testConstantLen2();
+            testConstantLen2NoInit();
+            testConstantLen3();
+            testConstantLen3NoInit();
+            testConstantLen4();
+            testConstantLen5();
+            testConstantLen6();
+            testConstantLen7();
+            testConstantLen8();
+            testConstantLen9();
+            testConstantLen10();
+            testConstantLen11();
+            testConstantLen12();
+            testConstantLen13();
+            testConstantLen14();
+            testConstantLen14NoInit();
+            testConstantLen15();
+            testConstantLen15NoInit();
+            testConstantLen16();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayCopyWithOops.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayCopyWithOops.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..db5f8ac06b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayCopyWithOops.java
@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=default
+ * @bug 8252506
+ * @summary Verify that arraycopy intrinsics properly handle flat value class arrays with oop fields.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/timeout=240 compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayCopyWithOops
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=do
+ * @bug 8252506
+ * @summary Verify that arraycopy intrinsics properly handle flat value class arrays with oop fields.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=240 -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayCopyWithOops::test*
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayCopyWithOops::create*
+ *                               -Xbatch
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayCopyWithOops
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=do-no-flattening
+ * @bug 8252506
+ * @summary Verify that arraycopy intrinsics properly handle flat value class arrays with oop fields.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=240 -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayCopyWithOops::test*
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayCopyWithOops::create*
+ *                               -Xbatch -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-UseArrayFlattening
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayCopyWithOops
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+public class TestArrayCopyWithOops {
+    static final int LEN = 200;
+
+    static class MyObject {
+        long val = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class ManyOops {
+        MyObject o1 = new MyObject();
+        MyObject o2 = new MyObject();
+        MyObject o3 = new MyObject();
+        MyObject o4 = new MyObject();
+
+        long hash() {
+            return o1.val + o2.val + o3.val + o4.val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static ManyOops[] createValueClassArray() {
+        return (ManyOops[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ManyOops.class, LEN, new ManyOops());
+    }
+
+    static Object[] createObjectArray() {
+        return createValueClassArray();
+    }
+
+    static Object createObject() {
+        return createValueClassArray();
+    }
+
+    // System.arraycopy tests
+
+    static void test1(ManyOops[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(createValueClassArray(), 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+    }
+
+    static void test2(Object[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(createObjectArray(), 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+    }
+
+    static void test3(ManyOops[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(createObjectArray(), 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+    }
+
+    static void test4(Object[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(createValueClassArray(), 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+    }
+
+    // System.arraycopy tests (tightly coupled with allocation of dst array)
+
+    static Object[] test5() {
+        ManyOops[] dst = (ManyOops[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ManyOops.class, LEN, new ManyOops());
+        System.arraycopy(createValueClassArray(), 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+        return dst;
+    }
+
+    static Object[] test6() {
+        Object[] dst = new Object[LEN];
+        System.arraycopy(createObjectArray(), 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+        return dst;
+    }
+
+    static Object[] test7() {
+        ManyOops[] dst = (ManyOops[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ManyOops.class, LEN, new ManyOops());
+        System.arraycopy(createObjectArray(), 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+        return dst;
+    }
+
+    static Object[] test8() {
+        Object[] dst = new Object[LEN];
+        System.arraycopy(createValueClassArray(), 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+        return dst;
+    }
+
+    // Arrays.copyOf tests
+
+    static Object[] test9() {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(createValueClassArray(), LEN, ManyOops[].class);
+    }
+
+    static Object[] test10() {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(createObjectArray(), LEN, Object[].class);
+    }
+
+    static Object[] test11() {
+        ManyOops[] src = createValueClassArray();
+        return Arrays.copyOf(src, LEN, src.getClass());
+    }
+
+    static Object[] test12() {
+        Object[] src = createObjectArray();
+        return Arrays.copyOf(createObjectArray(), LEN, src.getClass());
+    }
+
+    // System.arraycopy test using generic_copy stub
+
+    static void test13(Object dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(createObject(), 0, dst, 0, LEN);
+    }
+
+    static void produceGarbage() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
+            Object[] arrays = new Object[1024];
+            for (int j = 0; j < arrays.length; j++) {
+                arrays[j] = new int[1024];
+            }
+        }
+        System.gc();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        ManyOops[] dst1 = createValueClassArray();
+        ManyOops[] dst2 = createValueClassArray();
+        ManyOops[] dst3 = createValueClassArray();
+        ManyOops[] dst4 = createValueClassArray();
+        ManyOops[] dst13 = createValueClassArray();
+
+        // Warmup runs to trigger compilation
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; ++i) {
+            test1(dst1);
+            test2(dst2);
+            test3(dst3);
+            test4(dst4);
+            test5();
+            test6();
+            test7();
+            test8();
+            test9();
+            test10();
+            test11();
+            test12();
+            test13(dst13);
+        }
+
+        // Trigger GC to make sure dst arrays are moved to old gen
+        produceGarbage();
+
+        // Move data from flat src to flat dest
+        test1(dst1);
+        test2(dst2);
+        test3(dst3);
+        test4(dst4);
+        Object[] dst5 = test5();
+        Object[] dst6 = test6();
+        Object[] dst7 = test7();
+        Object[] dst8 = test8();
+        Object[] dst9 = test9();
+        Object[] dst10 = test10();
+        Object[] dst11 = test11();
+        Object[] dst12 = test12();
+        test13(dst13);
+
+        // Trigger GC again to make sure that the now dead src arrays are collected.
+        // MyObjects should be kept alive via oop references from the dst array.
+        produceGarbage();
+
+        // Verify content
+        long expected = 4L*Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+        for (int i = 0; i < LEN; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(dst1[i].hash(), expected);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(dst2[i].hash(), expected);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(dst3[i].hash(), expected);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(dst4[i].hash(), expected);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(((ManyOops)dst5[i]).hash(), expected);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(((ManyOops)dst7[i]).hash(), expected);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(((ManyOops)dst8[i]).hash(), expected);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(((ManyOops)dst8[i]).hash(), expected);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(((ManyOops)dst9[i]).hash(), expected);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(((ManyOops)dst10[i]).hash(), expected);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(((ManyOops)dst11[i]).hash(), expected);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(((ManyOops)dst12[i]).hash(), expected);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(dst13[i].hash(), expected);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayMetadata.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayMetadata.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..55aadf5c038
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayMetadata.java
@@ -0,0 +1,565 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=default
+ * @summary Stress test the VM internal metadata for arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/timeout=300 compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayMetadata
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=stress-reflective-code
+ * @summary Stress test the VM internal metadata for arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+StressReflectiveCode
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayMetadata
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-monomorphic
+ * @summary Stress test the VM internal metadata for arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck -XX:-OmitStackTraceInFastThrow
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayMetadata
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=xcomp
+ * @summary Stress test the VM internal metadata for arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xcomp compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayMetadata
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=expand-zero
+ * @summary Stress test the VM internal metadata for arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -XX:MultiArrayExpandLimit=0 compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayMetadata
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=co-di-test
+ * @summary Stress test the VM internal metadata for arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*TestArrayMetadata::*
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*TestArrayMetadata::test*
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayMetadata
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=co-di
+ * @summary Stress test the VM internal metadata for arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*TestArrayMetadata::*
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*TestArrayMetadata::*
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayMetadata
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=co-main-di-test
+ * @summary Stress test the VM internal metadata for arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*TestArrayMetadata::main
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*TestArrayMetadata::test*
+ *                                compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayMetadata
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestArrayMetadata {
+
+    static interface MyInterface {
+
+    }
+
+    public static Object[] testArrayAllocation1() {
+        return new Object[1];
+    }
+
+    public static Object[][] testArrayAllocation2() {
+        return new Object[1][1];
+    }
+
+    public static Class getClass1() {
+        return Object.class;
+    }
+
+    public static Object[] testArrayAllocation3() {
+        return (Object[])Array.newInstance(getClass1(), 1);
+    }
+
+    public static Class getClass2() {
+        return TestArrayMetadata.class;
+    }
+
+    public static Object[] testArrayAllocation4() {
+        return (TestArrayMetadata[])Array.newInstance(getClass2(), 1);
+    }
+
+    public static Object[] testArrayAllocation5() {
+        return new MyInterface[1];
+    }
+
+    public static Object[] testArrayAllocation6() {
+        return new Integer[1];
+    }
+
+    public static Object[] testCheckcast1(Object arg) {
+        return (Object[])arg;
+    }
+
+    public static Object[] testCheckcast2(Object arg) {
+        return (TestArrayMetadata[])arg;
+    }
+
+    public static Cloneable testCheckcast3(Object arg) {
+        return (Cloneable)arg;
+    }
+
+    public static Object testCheckcast4(Object arg) {
+        return (Object)arg;
+    }
+
+    public static Object[][] testCheckcast5(Object arg) {
+        return (Object[][])arg;
+    }
+
+    public static MyInterface[] testCheckcast6(Object arg) {
+        return (MyInterface[])arg;
+    }
+
+    public static Integer[] testCheckcast7(Object arg) {
+        return (Integer[])arg;
+    }
+
+    public static Class getArrayClass1() {
+        return Object[].class;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean testIsInstance1(Object arg) {
+        return getArrayClass1().isInstance(arg);
+    }
+
+    public static Class getArrayClass2() {
+        return TestArrayMetadata[].class;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean testIsInstance2(Object arg) {
+        return getArrayClass2().isInstance(arg);
+    }
+
+    public static Class getArrayClass3() {
+        return Cloneable.class;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean testIsInstance3(Object arg) {
+        return getArrayClass3().isInstance(arg);
+    }
+
+    public static Class getArrayClass4() {
+        return Object.class;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean testIsInstance4(Object arg) {
+        return getArrayClass4().isInstance(arg);
+    }
+
+    public static Class getArrayClass5() {
+        return Object[][].class;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean testIsInstance5(Object arg) {
+        return getArrayClass5().isInstance(arg);
+    }
+
+    static value class MyIntegerValue {
+        int x = 42;
+    }
+
+    public static Class getArrayClass6() {
+        return MyIntegerValue[].class;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean testIsInstance6(Object arg) {
+        return getArrayClass6().isInstance(arg);
+    }
+
+    public static Object[] testCopyOf1(Object[] array, Class<? extends Object[]> clazz) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(array, 1, clazz);
+    }
+
+    public static Object[] testCopyOf2(Object[] array) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(array, array.length, array.getClass());
+    }
+
+    public static Class testGetSuperclass1(Object[] array) {
+        return array.getClass().getSuperclass();
+    }
+
+    public static Class testGetSuperclass2() {
+        return Object[].class.getSuperclass();
+    }
+
+    public static Class testGetSuperclass3() {
+        return TestArrayMetadata[].class.getSuperclass();
+    }
+
+    public static Object[] testClassCast1(Object array) {
+        return Object[].class.cast(array);
+    }
+
+    public static Object[] testClassCast2(Object array) {
+        return TestArrayMetadata[].class.cast(array);
+    }
+
+    public static Object testClassCast3(Class c, Object array) {
+        return c.cast(array);
+    }
+
+    public static void test5(Object[] array, Object obj) {
+        array[0] = obj;
+    }
+
+    public static void test6(Object[][] array, Object[] obj) {
+        array[0] = obj;
+    }
+
+    public static void test7(Object[][][] array, Object[][] obj) {
+        array[0] = obj;
+    }
+
+    public static void test8(Object[][][][] array, Object[][][] obj) {
+        array[0] = obj;
+    }
+
+    public static void test9(Object[][] array) {
+        array[0] = (Object[]) new Object[0];
+    }
+
+    public static void test10(Object[][] array) {
+        array[0] = new String[0];
+    }
+
+    public static boolean testIsAssignableFrom1(Class clazz1, Class clazz2) {
+        return clazz1.isAssignableFrom(clazz2);
+    }
+
+    public static boolean testIsAssignableFrom2(Object obj, Class clazz) {
+        return obj.getClass().isAssignableFrom(clazz);
+    }
+
+    public static boolean testIsAssignableFrom3(Class clazz, Object obj) {
+        return clazz.isAssignableFrom(obj.getClass());
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100_000; ++i) {
+            Object[] array1 = testArrayAllocation1();
+            Object[][] array2 = testArrayAllocation2();
+            Object[] array3 = testArrayAllocation3();
+            Object[] array4 = testArrayAllocation4();
+            Object[] array5 = testArrayAllocation5();
+            Object[] array6 = testArrayAllocation6();
+
+            testCheckcast1(new Object[0]);
+            testCheckcast1(new TestArrayMetadata[0]);
+            testCheckcast1(array1);
+            testCheckcast1(array3);
+            testCheckcast1(array4);
+            testCheckcast1(array5);
+            testCheckcast1(array6);
+            try {
+                testCheckcast1(42);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+            } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+            try {
+                testCheckcast2(new Object[0]);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+            } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+            try {
+                testCheckcast2(array1);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+            } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+            testCheckcast2(new TestArrayMetadata[0]);
+            testCheckcast2(array4);
+            try {
+                testCheckcast2(array5);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+            } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+            try {
+                testCheckcast2(42);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+            } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+            testCheckcast3(new Object[0]);
+            testCheckcast3(new TestArrayMetadata[0]);
+            testCheckcast3(array1);
+            testCheckcast3(array3);
+            testCheckcast3(array4);
+            testCheckcast3(array5);
+            testCheckcast3(array6);
+            try {
+                testCheckcast3(42);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+            } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+
+            testCheckcast4(new Object[0]);
+            testCheckcast4(new TestArrayMetadata[0]);
+            testCheckcast4(array1);
+            testCheckcast4(array3);
+            testCheckcast4(array4);
+            testCheckcast4(array5);
+            testCheckcast4(array6);
+            testCheckcast4(42);
+
+            testCheckcast5(new Object[0][0]);
+            testCheckcast5(new TestArrayMetadata[0][0]);
+            testCheckcast5(array2);
+            try {
+                testCheckcast5(42);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+            } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+
+            testCheckcast6(array5);
+
+            testCheckcast7(array6);
+
+            testCopyOf1(new Object[1], Object[].class);
+            testCopyOf1(new TestArrayMetadata[1], Object[].class);
+            testCopyOf1(new Object[1], TestArrayMetadata[].class);
+            testCopyOf1(new TestArrayMetadata[1], TestArrayMetadata[].class);
+            try {
+                testCopyOf1(new TestArrayMetadata[]{new TestArrayMetadata()}, Integer[].class);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+            } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+
+            testCopyOf2(new Object[1]);
+            testCopyOf2(new TestArrayMetadata[1]);
+
+            testClassCast1(new Object[0]);
+            testClassCast1(new TestArrayMetadata[0]);
+            try {
+                testClassCast1(new int[0]);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+            } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+
+            testClassCast2(new TestArrayMetadata[0]);
+            try {
+                testClassCast2(new Object[0]);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+            } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+            try {
+                testClassCast2(new int[0]);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+            } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+
+            testClassCast3(TestArrayMetadata[].class, new TestArrayMetadata[0]);
+            testClassCast3(Object[].class, new TestArrayMetadata[0]);
+            testClassCast3(Object[].class, new Object[0]);
+            testClassCast3(int[].class, new int[0]);
+            try {
+                testClassCast3(TestArrayMetadata[].class, new int[0]);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+            } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testGetSuperclass1(new Object[1]), Object.class);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testGetSuperclass1(new TestArrayMetadata[1]), Object.class);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testGetSuperclass2(), Object.class);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testGetSuperclass3(), Object.class);
+
+            MyIntegerValue[] nullFreeArray6 = (MyIntegerValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyIntegerValue.class, 3, new MyIntegerValue());
+            MyIntegerValue[] nullFreeAtomicArray6 = (MyIntegerValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyIntegerValue.class, 3, new MyIntegerValue());
+            MyIntegerValue[] nullableArray6 = new MyIntegerValue[3];
+            MyIntegerValue[] nullableAtomicArray6 = (MyIntegerValue[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyIntegerValue.class, 3);
+
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance1(new Object[0]));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance1(new TestArrayMetadata[0]));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance1(nullFreeArray6));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance1(nullFreeAtomicArray6));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance1(nullableArray6));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance1(nullableAtomicArray6));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(testIsInstance1(42));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance1(array1));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance1(array3));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance1(array4));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance1(array5));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance1(array6));
+
+            Asserts.assertFalse(testIsInstance2(new Object[0]));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance2(new TestArrayMetadata[0]));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(testIsInstance2(42));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(testIsInstance2(array1));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(testIsInstance2(array3));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance2(array4));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(testIsInstance2(array5));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(testIsInstance2(array6));
+
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance3(new Object[0]));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance3(new TestArrayMetadata[0]));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance3(nullFreeArray6));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance3(nullFreeAtomicArray6));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance3(nullableArray6));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance3(nullableAtomicArray6));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(testIsInstance3(42));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance3(array1));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance3(array3));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance3(array4));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance3(array5));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance3(array6));
+
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance4(new Object[0]));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance4(new TestArrayMetadata[0]));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance4(nullFreeArray6));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance4(nullFreeAtomicArray6));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance4(nullableArray6));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance4(nullableAtomicArray6));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance4(42));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance4(array1));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance4(array3));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance4(array4));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance4(array5));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance4(array6));
+
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance5(new Object[0][0]));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance5(new TestArrayMetadata[0][0]));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance5(array2));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(testIsInstance5(42));
+
+            Asserts.assertFalse(testIsInstance6(new Object[0]));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(testIsInstance6(42));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance6(nullFreeArray6));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance6(nullFreeAtomicArray6));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance6(nullableArray6));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsInstance6(nullableAtomicArray6));
+
+            test5(new Object[1], new TestArrayMetadata());
+            test5((new Object[1][1])[0], (new TestArrayMetadata[1])[0]);
+            test5(new String[1], "42");
+            test5((new String[1][1])[0], (new String[1])[0]);
+            test5(array1, new TestArrayMetadata());
+            test5(array3, new TestArrayMetadata());
+            test5(array4, new TestArrayMetadata());
+            try {
+                test5(array5, new TestArrayMetadata());
+                throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+            } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+
+            test6(new Object[1][1], new TestArrayMetadata[0]);
+            test6((new Object[1][1][1])[0], (new TestArrayMetadata[1][0])[0]);
+            test6(new String[1][1], new String[0]);
+            test6((new String[1][1][1])[0], (new String[1][0])[0]);
+            test6(array2, new TestArrayMetadata[0]);
+
+            test7(new Object[1][1][1], new TestArrayMetadata[0][0]);
+            test7((new Object[1][1][1][1])[0], (new TestArrayMetadata[1][0][0])[0]);
+            test7(new String[1][1][1], new String[0][0]);
+            test7((new String[1][1][1][1])[0], (new String[1][0][0])[0]);
+
+            test8(new Object[1][1][1][1], new TestArrayMetadata[0][0][0]);
+            test8((new Object[1][1][1][1][1])[0], (new TestArrayMetadata[1][0][0][0])[0]);
+            test8(new String[1][1][1][1], new String[0][0][0]);
+            test8((new String[1][1][1][1][1])[0], (new String[1][0][0][0])[0]);
+
+            test9(new Object[1][1]);
+            test9(array2);
+
+            test10(new String[1][1]);
+            test10(array2);
+
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsAssignableFrom1(Object[].class, Object[].class));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsAssignableFrom1(Object[].class, TestArrayMetadata[].class));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsAssignableFrom1(int[].class, int[].class));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(testIsAssignableFrom1(Object[].class, int[].class));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(testIsAssignableFrom1(Object[].class, TestArrayMetadata.class));
+
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsAssignableFrom2(new Object[0], Object[].class));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsAssignableFrom2(new Object[0], TestArrayMetadata[].class));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsAssignableFrom2(new int[0], int[].class));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(testIsAssignableFrom2(new Object[0], int[].class));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(testIsAssignableFrom2(new Object[0], TestArrayMetadata.class));
+
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsAssignableFrom3(Object[].class, new Object[0]));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsAssignableFrom3(Object[].class, new TestArrayMetadata[0]));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(testIsAssignableFrom3(int[].class, new int[0]));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(testIsAssignableFrom3(Object[].class, new int[0]));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(testIsAssignableFrom3(Object[].class, new TestArrayMetadata()));
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayNullMarkers.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayNullMarkers.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6b7d7b077df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayNullMarkers.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1445 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+/*
+ * @test id=default
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in (flat) arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayNullMarkers
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-flattening
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in (flat) arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:-UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:-UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:-UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayNullMarkers
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=nAVF
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in (flat) arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:-UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:-UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayNullMarkers
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=AVF
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in (flat) arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:-UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:-UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayNullMarkers
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=AVF-nAVF
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in (flat) arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:-UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayNullMarkers
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=NVF
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in (flat) arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:-UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:-UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayNullMarkers
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=NVF-nAVF
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in (flat) arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:-UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayNullMarkers
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=NVF-AVF
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in (flat) arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:-UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayNullMarkers
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=all-flattening
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in (flat) arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayNullMarkers
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=all-flattening-di
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in (flat) arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test* -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::check*
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayNullMarkers
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=all-flattening-restrict-profiling
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in (flat) arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                               -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck -XX:-UseArrayLoadStoreProfile
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayNullMarkers
+ */
+
+public class TestArrayNullMarkers {
+
+    private static final WhiteBox WHITEBOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+    private static final boolean UseArrayFlattening = WHITEBOX.getBooleanVMFlag("UseArrayFlattening");
+    private static final boolean UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening = WHITEBOX.getBooleanVMFlag("UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening");
+    private static final boolean UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening = WHITEBOX.getBooleanVMFlag("UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening");
+    private static final boolean UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening = WHITEBOX.getBooleanVMFlag("UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening");
+    private static final boolean ForceNonTearable = !WHITEBOX.getStringVMFlag("ForceNonTearable").equals("");
+    private static final boolean AbortVMOnCompilationFailure = WHITEBOX.getBooleanVMFlag("AbortVMOnCompilationFailure");
+
+
+    // The main is huge by-design (it has been made that way to make sure that C2 sees all the type info from the array factories)
+    // but its size causes compilation failures with tier 3 C1 because of it runs out of virtual registers in linear scan, which
+    // triggers a test failure when AbortVMOnCompilationFailure is set.
+    // Because this method will bail out from C1 compilation anyway, let's exclude it to prevent noise when running valhalla-comp-stress.
+    static {
+        if (AbortVMOnCompilationFailure) {
+            Class<?> c = TestArrayNullMarkers.class;
+            try {
+                Method main = c.getMethod("main", String[].class);
+                WHITEBOX.makeMethodNotCompilable(main, 3);
+            } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) { }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Is naturally atomic and has null-free, non-atomic, flat (1 bytes), null-free, atomic, flat (1 bytes) and nullable, atomic, flat (4 bytes) layouts
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class OneByte {
+        byte b;
+
+        public OneByte(byte b) {
+            this.b = b;
+        }
+
+        static final OneByte DEFAULT = new OneByte((byte)0);
+    }
+
+    // Has null-free, non-atomic, flat (2 bytes), null-free, atomic, flat (2 bytes) and nullable, atomic, flat (4 bytes) layouts
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class TwoBytes {
+        byte b1;
+        byte b2;
+
+        public TwoBytes(byte b1, byte b2) {
+            this.b1 = b1;
+            this.b2 = b2;
+        }
+
+        static final TwoBytes DEFAULT = new TwoBytes((byte)0, (byte)0);
+    }
+
+    // Has null-free, non-atomic, flat (4 bytes), null-free, atomic, flat (4 bytes) and nullable, atomic, flat (8 bytes) layouts
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class TwoShorts {
+        short s1;
+        short s2;
+
+        public TwoShorts(short s1, short s2) {
+            this.s1 = s1;
+            this.s2 = s2;
+        }
+
+        static final TwoShorts DEFAULT = new TwoShorts((short)0, (short)0);
+    }
+
+    // Has null-free, non-atomic flat (8 bytes) and null-free, atomic, flat (8 bytes) layouts
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class TwoInts {
+        int i1;
+        int i2;
+
+        public TwoInts(int i1, int i2) {
+            this.i1 = i1;
+            this.i2 = i2;
+        }
+
+        static final TwoInts DEFAULT = new TwoInts(0, 0);
+    }
+
+    // Has null-free, non-atomic flat (16 bytes) layout
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class TwoLongs {
+        long l1;
+        long l2;
+
+        public TwoLongs(int l1, int l2) {
+            this.l1 = l1;
+            this.l2 = l2;
+        }
+
+        static final TwoLongs DEFAULT = new TwoLongs(0, 0);
+    }
+
+    // Has null-free, non-atomic, flat (5 bytes), null-free, atomic, flat (8 bytes) and nullable, atomic, flat (8 bytes) layouts
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class ByteAndOop {
+        byte b;
+        MyClass obj;
+
+        public ByteAndOop(byte b, MyClass obj) {
+            this.b = b;
+            this.obj = obj;
+        }
+
+        static final ByteAndOop DEFAULT = new ByteAndOop((byte)0, null);
+    }
+
+    static class MyClass {
+        int x;
+
+        public MyClass(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class IntAndArrayOop {
+        int i;
+        MyClass[] array;
+
+        public IntAndArrayOop(int i, MyClass[] array) {
+            this.i = i;
+            this.array = array;
+        }
+
+        static final IntAndArrayOop DEFAULT = new IntAndArrayOop(0, null);
+    }
+
+    public static void testWrite0(OneByte[] array, int i, OneByte val) {
+        array[i] = val;
+    }
+
+    public static void testWrite1(TwoBytes[] array, int i, TwoBytes val) {
+        array[i] = val;
+    }
+
+    public static void testWrite2(TwoShorts[] array, int i, TwoShorts val) {
+        array[i] = val;
+    }
+
+    public static void testWrite3(TwoInts[] array, int i, TwoInts val) {
+        array[i] = val;
+    }
+
+    public static void testWrite4(TwoLongs[] array, int i, TwoLongs val) {
+        array[i] = val;
+    }
+
+    public static void testWrite5(ByteAndOop[] array, int i, ByteAndOop val) {
+        array[i] = val;
+    }
+
+    public static void testWrite6(Object[] array, int i, Object val) {
+        array[i] = val;
+    }
+
+    public static OneByte testRead0(OneByte[] array, int i) {
+        return array[i];
+    }
+
+    public static TwoBytes testRead1(TwoBytes[] array, int i) {
+        return array[i];
+    }
+
+    public static TwoShorts testRead2(TwoShorts[] array, int i) {
+        return array[i];
+    }
+
+    public static TwoInts testRead3(TwoInts[] array, int i) {
+        return array[i];
+    }
+
+    public static TwoLongs testRead4(TwoLongs[] array, int i) {
+        return array[i];
+    }
+
+    public static ByteAndOop testRead5(ByteAndOop[] array, int i) {
+        return array[i];
+    }
+
+    public static Object testRead6(Object[] array, int i) {
+        return array[i];
+    }
+
+    static final OneByte CANARY0 = new OneByte((byte)42);
+
+    public static void checkCanary0(OneByte[] array) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(array[0], CANARY0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(array[2], CANARY0);
+    }
+
+    static final TwoBytes CANARY1 = new TwoBytes((byte)42, (byte)42);
+
+    public static void checkCanary1(TwoBytes[] array) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(array[0], CANARY1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(array[2], CANARY1);
+    }
+
+    static final TwoShorts CANARY2 = new TwoShorts((short)42, (short)42);
+
+    public static void checkCanary2(TwoShorts[] array) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(array[0], CANARY2);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(array[2], CANARY2);
+    }
+
+    static final TwoInts CANARY3 = new TwoInts(42, 42);
+
+    public static void checkCanary3(TwoInts[] array) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(array[0], CANARY3);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(array[2], CANARY3);
+    }
+
+    static final TwoLongs CANARY4 = new TwoLongs(42, 42);
+
+    public static void checkCanary4(TwoLongs[] array) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(array[0], CANARY4);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(array[2], CANARY4);
+    }
+
+    static final ByteAndOop CANARY5 = new ByteAndOop((byte)42, new MyClass(42));
+
+    public static void checkCanary5(ByteAndOop[] array) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(array[0], CANARY5);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(array[2], CANARY5);
+    }
+
+    public static TwoBytes[] testNullRestrictedArrayIntrinsic(int size, int idx, TwoBytes val) {
+        TwoBytes[] nullFreeArray = (TwoBytes[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(TwoBytes.class, size, TwoBytes.DEFAULT);
+        if (!ForceNonTearable) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(nullFreeArray), UseArrayFlattening && (UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening || UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening));
+        }
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(nullFreeArray));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(nullFreeArray[idx], TwoBytes.DEFAULT);
+        testWrite1(nullFreeArray, idx, val);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(nullFreeArray, idx), val);
+        return nullFreeArray;
+    }
+
+    // Non-final value to initialize null-restricted arrays
+    static Object initVal1 = CANARY1;
+    static TwoBytes initVal2 = CANARY1;
+
+    public static TwoBytes[] testNullRestrictedArrayIntrinsicDynamic1(int size, int idx, TwoBytes val) {
+        TwoBytes[] nullFreeArray = (TwoBytes[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(TwoBytes.class, size, initVal1);
+        if (!ForceNonTearable) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(nullFreeArray), UseArrayFlattening && (UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening || UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening));
+        }
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(nullFreeArray));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(nullFreeArray[idx], CANARY1);
+        testWrite1(nullFreeArray, idx, val);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(nullFreeArray, idx), val);
+        return nullFreeArray;
+    }
+
+    public static TwoBytes[] testNullRestrictedArrayIntrinsicDynamic2(int size, int idx, TwoBytes val) {
+        TwoBytes[] nullFreeArray = (TwoBytes[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(TwoBytes.class, size, initVal2);
+        if (!ForceNonTearable) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(nullFreeArray), UseArrayFlattening && (UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening || UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening));
+        }
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(nullFreeArray));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(nullFreeArray[idx], CANARY1);
+        testWrite1(nullFreeArray, idx, val);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(nullFreeArray, idx), val);
+        return nullFreeArray;
+    }
+
+    static byte myByte = 0;
+
+    public static TwoBytes[] testNullRestrictedArrayIntrinsicDynamic3(int size, int idx, TwoBytes val) {
+        TwoBytes[] nullFreeArray = (TwoBytes[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(TwoBytes.class, size, new TwoBytes(++myByte, myByte));
+        if (!ForceNonTearable) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(nullFreeArray), UseArrayFlattening && (UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening || UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening));
+        }
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(nullFreeArray));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(nullFreeArray[idx], new TwoBytes(myByte, myByte));
+        testWrite1(nullFreeArray, idx, val);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(nullFreeArray, idx), val);
+        return nullFreeArray;
+    }
+
+    public static TwoBytes[] testNullRestrictedAtomicArrayIntrinsic(int size, int idx, TwoBytes val) {
+        TwoBytes[] nullFreeAtomicArray = (TwoBytes[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(TwoBytes.class, size, TwoBytes.DEFAULT);
+        if (!ForceNonTearable) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(nullFreeAtomicArray), UseArrayFlattening && UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(nullFreeAtomicArray));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(nullFreeAtomicArray));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(nullFreeAtomicArray[idx], TwoBytes.DEFAULT);
+        testWrite1(nullFreeAtomicArray, idx, val);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(nullFreeAtomicArray, idx), val);
+        return nullFreeAtomicArray;
+    }
+
+    public static TwoBytes[] testNullRestrictedAtomicArrayIntrinsicDynamic1(int size, int idx, TwoBytes val) {
+        TwoBytes[] nullFreeAtomicArray = (TwoBytes[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(TwoBytes.class, size, initVal1);
+        if (!ForceNonTearable) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(nullFreeAtomicArray), UseArrayFlattening && UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(nullFreeAtomicArray));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(nullFreeAtomicArray));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(nullFreeAtomicArray[idx], CANARY1);
+        testWrite1(nullFreeAtomicArray, idx, val);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(nullFreeAtomicArray, idx), val);
+        return nullFreeAtomicArray;
+    }
+
+    public static TwoBytes[] testNullRestrictedAtomicArrayIntrinsicDynamic2(int size, int idx, TwoBytes val) {
+        TwoBytes[] nullFreeAtomicArray = (TwoBytes[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(TwoBytes.class, size, initVal2);
+        if (!ForceNonTearable) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(nullFreeAtomicArray), UseArrayFlattening && UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(nullFreeAtomicArray));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(nullFreeAtomicArray));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(nullFreeAtomicArray[idx], CANARY1);
+        testWrite1(nullFreeAtomicArray, idx, val);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(nullFreeAtomicArray, idx), val);
+        return nullFreeAtomicArray;
+    }
+
+    public static TwoBytes[] testNullRestrictedAtomicArrayIntrinsicDynamic3(int size, int idx, TwoBytes val) {
+        TwoBytes[] nullFreeAtomicArray = (TwoBytes[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(TwoBytes.class, size, new TwoBytes(++myByte, myByte));
+        if (!ForceNonTearable) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(nullFreeAtomicArray), UseArrayFlattening && UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(nullFreeAtomicArray));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(nullFreeAtomicArray));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(nullFreeAtomicArray[idx], new TwoBytes(myByte, myByte));
+        testWrite1(nullFreeAtomicArray, idx, val);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(nullFreeAtomicArray, idx), val);
+        return nullFreeAtomicArray;
+    }
+
+    public static TwoBytes[] testNullableAtomicArrayIntrinsic(int size, int idx, TwoBytes val) {
+        TwoBytes[] nullableAtomicArray = (TwoBytes[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(TwoBytes.class, size);
+        if (!ForceNonTearable) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(nullableAtomicArray), UseArrayFlattening && UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(nullableAtomicArray));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(nullableAtomicArray));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(nullableAtomicArray[idx], null);
+        testWrite1(nullableAtomicArray, idx, val);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(nullableAtomicArray, idx), val);
+        return nullableAtomicArray;
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValueEmpty {
+        static final MyValueEmpty DEFAULT = new MyValueEmpty();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class ValueHolder1 {
+        TwoBytes val;
+
+        public ValueHolder1(TwoBytes val) {
+            this.val = val;
+        }
+
+        static final ValueHolder1 DEFAULT = new ValueHolder1(null);
+    }
+
+    // Test support for replaced arrays
+    public static void testScalarReplacement1(OneByte valNullFree, OneByte val, boolean trap) {
+        OneByte[] nullFreeArray = (OneByte[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(OneByte.class, 2, OneByte.DEFAULT);
+        nullFreeArray[0] = valNullFree;
+        nullFreeArray[1] = new OneByte((byte)42);
+        if (trap) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullFreeArray[0], valNullFree);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullFreeArray[1], new OneByte((byte)42));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void testScalarReplacement2(OneByte valNullFree, OneByte val, boolean trap) {
+        OneByte[] nullFreeAtomicArray = (OneByte[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(OneByte.class, 2, OneByte.DEFAULT);
+        nullFreeAtomicArray[0] = valNullFree;
+        nullFreeAtomicArray[1] = new OneByte((byte)42);
+        if (trap) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullFreeAtomicArray[0], valNullFree);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullFreeAtomicArray[1], new OneByte((byte)42));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void testScalarReplacement3(OneByte valNullFree, OneByte val, boolean trap) {
+        OneByte[] nullableAtomicArray = (OneByte[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(OneByte.class, 4);
+        nullableAtomicArray[0] = valNullFree;
+        nullableAtomicArray[1] = val;
+        nullableAtomicArray[2] = new OneByte((byte)42);
+        nullableAtomicArray[3] = null;
+        if (trap) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableAtomicArray[0], valNullFree);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableAtomicArray[1], val);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableAtomicArray[2], new OneByte((byte)42));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableAtomicArray[3], null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void testScalarReplacement4(OneByte valNullFree, OneByte val, boolean trap) {
+        OneByte[] nullableArray = new OneByte[4];
+        nullableArray[0] = valNullFree;
+        nullableArray[1] = val;
+        nullableArray[2] = new OneByte((byte)42);
+        nullableArray[3] = null;
+        if (trap) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableArray[0], valNullFree);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableArray[1], val);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableArray[2], new OneByte((byte)42));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableArray[3], null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void testScalarReplacement5(TwoBytes val, boolean trap) {
+        ValueHolder1[] nullFreeArray = (ValueHolder1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueHolder1.class, 1, ValueHolder1.DEFAULT);
+        nullFreeArray[0] = new ValueHolder1(val);
+        if (trap) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullFreeArray[0].val, val);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void testScalarReplacement6(TwoBytes val, boolean trap) {
+        ValueHolder1[] nullFreeAtomicArray = (ValueHolder1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueHolder1.class, 1, ValueHolder1.DEFAULT);
+        nullFreeAtomicArray[0] = new ValueHolder1(val);
+        if (trap) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullFreeAtomicArray[0].val, val);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void testScalarReplacement7(TwoBytes val, boolean trap) {
+        ValueHolder1[] nullableAtomicArray = (ValueHolder1[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(ValueHolder1.class, 2);
+        nullableAtomicArray[0] = new ValueHolder1(val);
+        nullableAtomicArray[1] = ValueHolder1.DEFAULT;
+        if (trap) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableAtomicArray[0].val, val);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableAtomicArray[1].val, null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void testScalarReplacement8(TwoBytes val, boolean trap) {
+        ValueHolder1[] nullableArray = new ValueHolder1[2];
+        nullableArray[0] = new ValueHolder1(val);
+        nullableArray[1] = ValueHolder1.DEFAULT;
+        if (trap) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableArray[0].val, val);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableArray[1].val, null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void produceGarbage() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
+            Object[] arrays = new Object[1024];
+            for (int j = 0; j < arrays.length; j++) {
+                arrays[j] = new int[1024];
+            }
+        }
+        System.gc();
+    }
+
+    static TwoShorts[] array1 = (TwoShorts[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(TwoShorts.class, 1, TwoShorts.DEFAULT);
+    static TwoShorts[] array2 = (TwoShorts[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(TwoShorts.class, 1);
+    static {
+        array2[0] = TwoShorts.DEFAULT;
+    }
+    static TwoShorts[] array3 = new TwoShorts[] { TwoShorts.DEFAULT };
+
+    // Catches an issue with type speculation based on profiling
+    public static void testProfiling() {
+        array1[0] = new TwoShorts(array1[0].s1, (short)0);
+        array2[0] = new TwoShorts(array2[0].s1, (short)0);
+        array3[0] = new TwoShorts(array3[0].s1, (short)0);
+    }
+
+    static final OneByte[] NULL_FREE_ARRAY_0 = (OneByte[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(OneByte.class, 2, OneByte.DEFAULT);
+    static final OneByte[] NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_0 = (OneByte[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(OneByte.class, 2, OneByte.DEFAULT);
+    static final OneByte[] NULLABLE_ARRAY_0 = new OneByte[2];
+    static final OneByte[] NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_0 = (OneByte[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(OneByte.class, 2);
+
+    static final TwoBytes[] NULL_FREE_ARRAY_1 = (TwoBytes[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(TwoBytes.class, 2, TwoBytes.DEFAULT);
+    static final TwoBytes[] NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_1 = (TwoBytes[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(TwoBytes.class, 2, TwoBytes.DEFAULT);
+    static final TwoBytes[] NULLABLE_ARRAY_1 = new TwoBytes[2];
+    static final TwoBytes[] NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_1 = (TwoBytes[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(TwoBytes.class, 2);
+
+    static final TwoShorts[] NULL_FREE_ARRAY_2 = (TwoShorts[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(TwoShorts.class, 2, TwoShorts.DEFAULT);
+    static final TwoShorts[] NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_2 = (TwoShorts[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(TwoShorts.class, 2, TwoShorts.DEFAULT);
+    static final TwoShorts[] NULLABLE_ARRAY_2 = new TwoShorts[2];
+    static final TwoShorts[] NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_2 = (TwoShorts[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(TwoShorts.class, 2);
+
+    static final TwoInts[] NULL_FREE_ARRAY_3 = (TwoInts[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(TwoInts.class, 1, TwoInts.DEFAULT);
+    static final TwoInts[] NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_3 = (TwoInts[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(TwoInts.class, 1, TwoInts.DEFAULT);
+    static final TwoInts[] NULLABLE_ARRAY_3 = new TwoInts[1];
+    static final TwoInts[] NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_3 = (TwoInts[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(TwoInts.class, 1);
+
+    static final TwoLongs[] NULL_FREE_ARRAY_4 = (TwoLongs[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(TwoLongs.class, 1, TwoLongs.DEFAULT);
+    static final TwoLongs[] NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_4 = (TwoLongs[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(TwoLongs.class, 1, TwoLongs.DEFAULT);
+    static final TwoLongs[] NULLABLE_ARRAY_4 = new TwoLongs[1];
+    static final TwoLongs[] NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_4 = (TwoLongs[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(TwoLongs.class, 1);
+
+    static final ByteAndOop[] NULL_FREE_ARRAY_5 = (ByteAndOop[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ByteAndOop.class, 1, ByteAndOop.DEFAULT);
+    static final ByteAndOop[] NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_5 = (ByteAndOop[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ByteAndOop.class, 1, ByteAndOop.DEFAULT);
+    static final ByteAndOop[] NULLABLE_ARRAY_5 = new ByteAndOop[1];
+    static final ByteAndOop[] NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_5 = (ByteAndOop[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(ByteAndOop.class, 1);
+
+    // Test access to constant arrays
+    public static void testConstantArrays(int i) {
+        OneByte val0 = new OneByte((byte)i);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ARRAY_0[0], OneByte.DEFAULT);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_0[0], OneByte.DEFAULT);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ARRAY_0[0], null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_0[0], null);
+
+        try {
+            NULL_FREE_ARRAY_0[0] = null;
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_0[0] = null;
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+
+        NULL_FREE_ARRAY_0[0] = val0;
+        NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_0[0] = val0;
+        NULLABLE_ARRAY_0[0] = val0;
+        NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_0[0] = val0;
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ARRAY_0[0], val0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_0[0], val0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ARRAY_0[0], val0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_0[0], val0);
+
+        NULL_FREE_ARRAY_0[0] = OneByte.DEFAULT;
+        NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_0[0] = OneByte.DEFAULT;
+        NULLABLE_ARRAY_0[0] = null;
+        NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_0[0] = null;
+
+        TwoBytes val1 = new TwoBytes((byte)i, (byte)i);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ARRAY_1[0], TwoBytes.DEFAULT);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_1[0], TwoBytes.DEFAULT);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ARRAY_1[0], null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_1[0], null);
+
+        try {
+            NULL_FREE_ARRAY_1[0] = null;
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_1[0] = null;
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+
+        NULL_FREE_ARRAY_1[0] = val1;
+        NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_1[0] = val1;
+        NULLABLE_ARRAY_1[0] = val1;
+        NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_1[0] = val1;
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ARRAY_1[0], val1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_1[0], val1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ARRAY_1[0], val1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_1[0], val1);
+
+        NULL_FREE_ARRAY_1[0] = TwoBytes.DEFAULT;
+        NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_1[0] = TwoBytes.DEFAULT;
+        NULLABLE_ARRAY_1[0] = null;
+        NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_1[0] = null;
+
+        TwoShorts val2 = new TwoShorts((short)i, (short)i);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ARRAY_2[0], TwoShorts.DEFAULT);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_2[0], TwoShorts.DEFAULT);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ARRAY_2[0], null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_2[0], null);
+
+        try {
+            NULL_FREE_ARRAY_2[0] = null;
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_2[0] = null;
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+
+        NULL_FREE_ARRAY_2[0] = val2;
+        NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_2[0] = val2;
+        NULLABLE_ARRAY_2[0] = val2;
+        NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_2[0] = val2;
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ARRAY_2[0], val2);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_2[0], val2);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ARRAY_2[0], val2);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_2[0], val2);
+
+        NULL_FREE_ARRAY_2[0] = TwoShorts.DEFAULT;
+        NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_2[0] = TwoShorts.DEFAULT;
+        NULLABLE_ARRAY_2[0] = null;
+        NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_2[0] = null;
+
+        TwoInts val3 = new TwoInts(i, i);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ARRAY_3[0], TwoInts.DEFAULT);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_3[0], TwoInts.DEFAULT);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ARRAY_3[0], null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_3[0], null);
+
+        try {
+            NULL_FREE_ARRAY_3[0] = null;
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_3[0] = null;
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+
+        NULL_FREE_ARRAY_3[0] = val3;
+        NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_3[0] = val3;
+        NULLABLE_ARRAY_3[0] = val3;
+        NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_3[0] = val3;
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ARRAY_3[0], val3);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_3[0], val3);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ARRAY_3[0], val3);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_3[0], val3);
+
+        NULL_FREE_ARRAY_3[0] = TwoInts.DEFAULT;
+        NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_3[0] = TwoInts.DEFAULT;
+        NULLABLE_ARRAY_3[0] = null;
+        NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_3[0] = null;
+
+        TwoLongs val4 = new TwoLongs(i, i);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ARRAY_4[0], TwoLongs.DEFAULT);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_4[0], TwoLongs.DEFAULT);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ARRAY_4[0], null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_4[0], null);
+
+        try {
+            NULL_FREE_ARRAY_4[0] = null;
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_4[0] = null;
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+
+        NULL_FREE_ARRAY_4[0] = val4;
+        NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_4[0] = val4;
+        NULLABLE_ARRAY_4[0] = val4;
+        NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_4[0] = val4;
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ARRAY_4[0], val4);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_4[0], val4);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ARRAY_4[0], val4);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_4[0], val4);
+
+        NULL_FREE_ARRAY_4[0] = TwoLongs.DEFAULT;
+        NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_4[0] = TwoLongs.DEFAULT;
+        NULLABLE_ARRAY_4[0] = null;
+        NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_4[0] = null;
+
+        ByteAndOop val5 = new ByteAndOop((byte)i, new MyClass(i));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ARRAY_5[0], ByteAndOop.DEFAULT);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_5[0], ByteAndOop.DEFAULT);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ARRAY_5[0], null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_5[0], null);
+
+        try {
+            NULL_FREE_ARRAY_5[0] = null;
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_5[0] = null;
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+
+        NULL_FREE_ARRAY_5[0] = val5;
+        NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_5[0] = val5;
+        NULLABLE_ARRAY_5[0] = val5;
+        NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_5[0] = val5;
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ARRAY_5[0], val5);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_5[0], val5);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ARRAY_5[0], val5);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_5[0], val5);
+
+        NULL_FREE_ARRAY_5[0] = ByteAndOop.DEFAULT;
+        NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_5[0] = ByteAndOop.DEFAULT;
+        NULLABLE_ARRAY_5[0] = null;
+        NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_5[0] = null;
+    }
+
+    // Test correct wiring of memory for flat accesses
+    public static OneByte testMemoryEffects0() {
+        NULLABLE_ARRAY_0[1] = CANARY0;
+        NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_0[1] = CANARY0;
+        return NULLABLE_ARRAY_0[1];
+    }
+
+    public static TwoBytes testMemoryEffects1() {
+        NULLABLE_ARRAY_1[1] = CANARY1;
+        NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_1[1] = CANARY1;
+        return NULLABLE_ARRAY_1[1];
+    }
+
+    public static TwoShorts testMemoryEffects2() {
+        NULLABLE_ARRAY_2[1] = CANARY2;
+        NULLABLE_ATOMIC_ARRAY_2[1] = CANARY2;
+        return NULLABLE_ARRAY_2[1];
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        OneByte[] nullFreeArray0 = (OneByte[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(OneByte.class, 3, OneByte.DEFAULT);
+        OneByte[] nullFreeAtomicArray0 = (OneByte[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(OneByte.class, 3, OneByte.DEFAULT);
+        OneByte[] nullableArray0 = new OneByte[3];
+        OneByte[] nullableAtomicArray0 = (OneByte[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(OneByte.class, 3);
+
+        TwoBytes[] nullFreeArray1 = (TwoBytes[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(TwoBytes.class, 3, TwoBytes.DEFAULT);
+        TwoBytes[] nullFreeAtomicArray1 = (TwoBytes[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(TwoBytes.class, 3, TwoBytes.DEFAULT);
+        TwoBytes[] nullableArray1 = new TwoBytes[3];
+        TwoBytes[] nullableAtomicArray1 = (TwoBytes[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(TwoBytes.class, 3);
+
+        TwoShorts[] nullFreeArray2 = (TwoShorts[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(TwoShorts.class, 3, TwoShorts.DEFAULT);
+        TwoShorts[] nullFreeAtomicArray2 = (TwoShorts[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(TwoShorts.class, 3, TwoShorts.DEFAULT);
+        TwoShorts[] nullableArray2 = new TwoShorts[3];
+        TwoShorts[] nullableAtomicArray2 = (TwoShorts[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(TwoShorts.class, 3);
+
+        TwoInts[] nullFreeArray3 = (TwoInts[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(TwoInts.class, 3, TwoInts.DEFAULT);
+        TwoInts[] nullFreeAtomicArray3 = (TwoInts[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(TwoInts.class, 3, TwoInts.DEFAULT);
+        TwoInts[] nullableArray3 = new TwoInts[3];
+        TwoInts[] nullableAtomicArray3 = (TwoInts[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(TwoInts.class, 3);
+
+        TwoLongs[] nullFreeArray4 = (TwoLongs[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(TwoLongs.class, 3, TwoLongs.DEFAULT);
+        TwoLongs[] nullFreeAtomicArray4 = (TwoLongs[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(TwoLongs.class, 3, TwoLongs.DEFAULT);
+        TwoLongs[] nullableArray4 = new TwoLongs[3];
+        TwoLongs[] nullableAtomicArray4 = (TwoLongs[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(TwoLongs.class, 3);
+
+        ByteAndOop[] nullFreeArray5 = (ByteAndOop[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ByteAndOop.class, 3, ByteAndOop.DEFAULT);
+        ByteAndOop[] nullFreeAtomicArray5 = (ByteAndOop[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ByteAndOop.class, 3, ByteAndOop.DEFAULT);
+        ByteAndOop[] nullableArray5 = new ByteAndOop[3];
+        ByteAndOop[] nullableAtomicArray5 = (ByteAndOop[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(ByteAndOop.class, 3);
+
+        IntAndArrayOop[] nullFreeArray6 = (IntAndArrayOop[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(IntAndArrayOop.class, 3, IntAndArrayOop.DEFAULT);
+        IntAndArrayOop[] nullFreeAtomicArray6 = (IntAndArrayOop[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(IntAndArrayOop.class, 3, IntAndArrayOop.DEFAULT);
+        IntAndArrayOop[] nullableArray6 = new IntAndArrayOop[3];
+        IntAndArrayOop[] nullableAtomicArray6 = (IntAndArrayOop[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(IntAndArrayOop.class, 3);
+
+        MyValueEmpty[] nullFreeArrayEmpty = (MyValueEmpty[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValueEmpty.class, 3, MyValueEmpty.DEFAULT);
+        MyValueEmpty[] nullFreeAtomicArrayEmpty = (MyValueEmpty[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyValueEmpty.class, 3, MyValueEmpty.DEFAULT);
+        MyValueEmpty[] nullableArrayEmpty = new MyValueEmpty[3];
+        MyValueEmpty[] nullableAtomicArrayEmpty = (MyValueEmpty[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValueEmpty.class, 3);
+
+        // Write canary values to detect out of bound writes
+        nullFreeArray0[0] = CANARY0;
+        nullFreeArray0[2] = CANARY0;
+        nullFreeAtomicArray0[0] = CANARY0;
+        nullFreeAtomicArray0[2] = CANARY0;
+        nullableArray0[0] = CANARY0;
+        nullableArray0[2] = CANARY0;
+        nullableAtomicArray0[0] = CANARY0;
+        nullableAtomicArray0[2] = CANARY0;
+
+        nullFreeArray1[0] = CANARY1;
+        nullFreeArray1[2] = CANARY1;
+        nullFreeAtomicArray1[0] = CANARY1;
+        nullFreeAtomicArray1[2] = CANARY1;
+        nullableArray1[0] = CANARY1;
+        nullableArray1[2] = CANARY1;
+        nullableAtomicArray1[0] = CANARY1;
+        nullableAtomicArray1[2] = CANARY1;
+
+        nullFreeArray2[0] = CANARY2;
+        nullFreeArray2[2] = CANARY2;
+        nullFreeAtomicArray2[0] = CANARY2;
+        nullFreeAtomicArray2[2] = CANARY2;
+        nullableArray2[0] = CANARY2;
+        nullableArray2[2] = CANARY2;
+        nullableAtomicArray2[0] = CANARY2;
+        nullableAtomicArray2[2] = CANARY2;
+
+        nullFreeArray3[0] = CANARY3;
+        nullFreeArray3[2] = CANARY3;
+        nullFreeAtomicArray3[0] = CANARY3;
+        nullFreeAtomicArray3[2] = CANARY3;
+        nullableArray3[0] = CANARY3;
+        nullableArray3[2] = CANARY3;
+        nullableAtomicArray3[0] = CANARY3;
+        nullableAtomicArray3[2] = CANARY3;
+
+        nullFreeArray4[0] = CANARY4;
+        nullFreeArray4[2] = CANARY4;
+        nullFreeAtomicArray4[0] = CANARY4;
+        nullFreeAtomicArray4[2] = CANARY4;
+        nullableArray4[0] = CANARY4;
+        nullableArray4[2] = CANARY4;
+        nullableAtomicArray4[0] = CANARY4;
+        nullableAtomicArray4[2] = CANARY4;
+
+        nullFreeArray5[0] = CANARY5;
+        nullFreeArray5[2] = CANARY5;
+        nullFreeAtomicArray5[0] = CANARY5;
+        nullFreeAtomicArray5[2] = CANARY5;
+        nullableArray5[0] = CANARY5;
+        nullableArray5[2] = CANARY5;
+        nullableAtomicArray5[0] = CANARY5;
+        nullableAtomicArray5[2] = CANARY5;
+
+        final int LIMIT = 50_000;
+        for (int i = -50_000; i < LIMIT; ++i) {
+            OneByte val0 = new OneByte((byte)i);
+            TwoBytes val1 = new TwoBytes((byte)i, (byte)(i + 1));
+            TwoShorts val2 = new TwoShorts((short)i, (short)(i + 1));
+            TwoInts val3 = new TwoInts(i, i + 1);
+            TwoLongs val4 = new TwoLongs(i, i + 1);
+
+            testWrite0(nullFreeArray0, 1, val0);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead0(nullFreeArray0, 1), val0);
+            checkCanary0(nullFreeArray0);
+
+            testWrite0(nullFreeAtomicArray0, 1, val0);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead0(nullFreeAtomicArray0, 1), val0);
+            checkCanary0(nullFreeAtomicArray0);
+
+            testWrite0(nullableArray0, 1, val0);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead0(nullableArray0, 1), val0);
+            checkCanary0(nullableArray0);
+            testWrite0(nullableArray0, 1, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead0(nullableArray0, 1), null);
+            checkCanary0(nullableArray0);
+
+            testWrite0(nullableAtomicArray0, 1, val0);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead0(nullableAtomicArray0, 1), val0);
+            checkCanary0(nullableAtomicArray0);
+            testWrite0(nullableAtomicArray0, 1, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead0(nullableAtomicArray0, 1), null);
+            checkCanary0(nullableAtomicArray0);
+
+            testWrite1(nullFreeArray1, 1, val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(nullFreeArray1, 1), val1);
+            checkCanary1(nullFreeArray1);
+
+            testWrite1(nullFreeAtomicArray1, 1, val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(nullFreeAtomicArray1, 1), val1);
+            checkCanary1(nullFreeAtomicArray1);
+
+            testWrite1(nullableArray1, 1, val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(nullableArray1, 1), val1);
+            checkCanary1(nullableArray1);
+            testWrite1(nullableArray1, 1, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(nullableArray1, 1), null);
+            checkCanary1(nullableArray1);
+
+            testWrite1(nullableAtomicArray1, 1, val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(nullableAtomicArray1, 1), val1);
+            checkCanary1(nullableAtomicArray1);
+            testWrite1(nullableAtomicArray1, 1, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(nullableAtomicArray1, 1), null);
+            checkCanary1(nullableAtomicArray1);
+
+            testWrite2(nullFreeArray2, 1, val2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead2(nullFreeArray2, 1), val2);
+            checkCanary2(nullFreeArray2);
+
+            testWrite2(nullFreeAtomicArray2, 1, val2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead2(nullFreeAtomicArray2, 1), val2);
+            checkCanary2(nullFreeAtomicArray2);
+
+            testWrite2(nullableArray2, 1, val2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead2(nullableArray2, 1), val2);
+            checkCanary2(nullableArray2);
+            testWrite2(nullableArray2, 1, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead2(nullableArray2, 1), null);
+            checkCanary2(nullableArray2);
+
+            testWrite2(nullableAtomicArray2, 1, val2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead2(nullableAtomicArray2, 1), val2);
+            checkCanary2(nullableAtomicArray2);
+            testWrite2(nullableAtomicArray2, 1, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead2(nullableAtomicArray2, 1), null);
+            checkCanary2(nullableAtomicArray2);
+
+            testWrite3(nullFreeArray3, 1, val3);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead3(nullFreeArray3, 1), val3);
+            checkCanary3(nullFreeArray3);
+
+            testWrite3(nullFreeAtomicArray3, 1, val3);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead3(nullFreeAtomicArray3, 1), val3);
+            checkCanary3(nullFreeAtomicArray3);
+
+            testWrite3(nullableArray3, 1, val3);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead3(nullableArray3, 1), val3);
+            checkCanary3(nullableArray3);
+            testWrite3(nullableArray3, 1, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead3(nullableArray3, 1), null);
+            checkCanary3(nullableArray3);
+
+            testWrite3(nullableAtomicArray3, 1, val3);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead3(nullableAtomicArray3, 1), val3);
+            checkCanary3(nullableAtomicArray3);
+            testWrite3(nullableAtomicArray3, 1, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead3(nullableAtomicArray3, 1), null);
+            checkCanary3(nullableAtomicArray3);
+
+            testWrite4(nullFreeArray4, 1, val4);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead4(nullFreeArray4, 1), val4);
+            checkCanary4(nullFreeArray4);
+
+            testWrite4(nullFreeAtomicArray4, 1, val4);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead4(nullFreeAtomicArray4, 1), val4);
+            checkCanary4(nullFreeAtomicArray4);
+
+            testWrite4(nullableArray4, 1, val4);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead4(nullableArray4, 1), val4);
+            checkCanary4(nullableArray4);
+            testWrite4(nullableArray4, 1, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead4(nullableArray4, 1), null);
+            checkCanary4(nullableArray4);
+
+            testWrite4(nullableAtomicArray4, 1, val4);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead4(nullableAtomicArray4, 1), val4);
+            checkCanary4(nullableAtomicArray4);
+            testWrite4(nullableAtomicArray4, 1, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead4(nullableAtomicArray4, 1), null);
+            checkCanary4(nullableAtomicArray4);
+
+            ByteAndOop val5 = new ByteAndOop((byte)i, new MyClass(i));
+            testWrite5(nullFreeArray5, 1, val5);
+            testWrite5(nullFreeAtomicArray5, 1, val5);
+            testWrite5(nullableArray5, 1, val5);
+            testWrite5(nullableAtomicArray5, 1, val5);
+
+            IntAndArrayOop val6 = new IntAndArrayOop(i, new MyClass[1]);
+            nullFreeArray6[1] = val6;
+            nullFreeArray6[2] = nullFreeArray6[1];
+            nullFreeAtomicArray6[1] = val6;
+            nullFreeAtomicArray6[2] = nullFreeAtomicArray6[1];
+            nullableArray6[1] = val6;
+            nullableArray6[2] = nullableArray6[1];
+            nullableAtomicArray6[1] = val6;
+            nullableAtomicArray6[2] = nullableAtomicArray6[1];
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullFreeArray6[0], new IntAndArrayOop(0, null));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullFreeAtomicArray6[0], new IntAndArrayOop(0, null));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableArray6[0], null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableAtomicArray6[0], null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullFreeArray6[1], val6);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullFreeAtomicArray6[1], val6);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableArray6[1], val6);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableAtomicArray6[1], val6);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullFreeArray6[2], val6);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullFreeAtomicArray6[2], val6);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableArray6[2], val6);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableAtomicArray6[2], val6);
+
+            // Test empty arrays
+            MyValueEmpty valEmpty = new MyValueEmpty();
+            nullFreeArrayEmpty[1] = valEmpty;
+            nullFreeArrayEmpty[2] = nullFreeArrayEmpty[1];
+            nullFreeAtomicArrayEmpty[1] = valEmpty;
+            nullFreeAtomicArrayEmpty[2] = nullFreeAtomicArrayEmpty[1];
+            nullableArrayEmpty[1] = valEmpty;
+            nullableArrayEmpty[2] = nullableArrayEmpty[1];
+            nullableAtomicArrayEmpty[1] = valEmpty;
+            nullableAtomicArrayEmpty[2] = nullableAtomicArrayEmpty[1];
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullFreeArrayEmpty[0], new MyValueEmpty());
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullFreeAtomicArrayEmpty[0], new MyValueEmpty());
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableArrayEmpty[0], null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableAtomicArrayEmpty[0], null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullFreeArrayEmpty[1], valEmpty);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullFreeAtomicArrayEmpty[1], valEmpty);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableArrayEmpty[1], valEmpty);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableAtomicArrayEmpty[1], valEmpty);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullFreeArrayEmpty[2], valEmpty);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullFreeAtomicArrayEmpty[2], valEmpty);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableArrayEmpty[2], valEmpty);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(nullableAtomicArrayEmpty[2], valEmpty);
+
+            if (i > (LIMIT - 50)) {
+                // After warmup, produce some garbage to trigger GC
+                produceGarbage();
+            }
+
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead5(nullFreeArray5, 1), val5);
+            checkCanary5(nullFreeArray5);
+
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead5(nullFreeAtomicArray5, 1), val5);
+            checkCanary5(nullFreeAtomicArray5);
+
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead5(nullableArray5, 1), val5);
+            checkCanary5(nullableArray5);
+
+            testWrite5(nullableArray5, 1, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead5(nullableArray5, 1), null);
+            checkCanary5(nullableArray5);
+
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead5(nullableAtomicArray5, 1), val5);
+            checkCanary5(nullableAtomicArray5);
+
+            testWrite5(nullableAtomicArray5, 1, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead5(nullableAtomicArray5, 1), null);
+            checkCanary5(nullableAtomicArray5);
+
+            // Test intrinsics
+            TwoBytes[] res = testNullRestrictedArrayIntrinsic(3, 1, val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(res, 1), val1);
+            res = testNullRestrictedArrayIntrinsicDynamic1(3, 1, val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(res, 1), val1);
+            res = testNullRestrictedArrayIntrinsicDynamic2(3, 1, val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(res, 1), val1);
+            res = testNullRestrictedArrayIntrinsicDynamic3(3, 1, val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(res, 1), val1);
+            res = testNullRestrictedAtomicArrayIntrinsic(3, 1, val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(res, 1), val1);
+            res = testNullRestrictedAtomicArrayIntrinsicDynamic1(3, 1, val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(res, 1), val1);
+            res = testNullRestrictedAtomicArrayIntrinsicDynamic2(3, 1, val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(res, 1), val1);
+            res = testNullRestrictedAtomicArrayIntrinsicDynamic3(3, 1, val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(res, 1), val1);
+            res = testNullableAtomicArrayIntrinsic(3, 1, val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(res, 1), val1);
+            res = testNullableAtomicArrayIntrinsic(3, 2, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead1(res, 2), null);
+
+            testProfiling();
+
+            // Pollute profile
+            Object[] objArray = new Object[1];
+            testWrite6(objArray, 0, objArray);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead6(objArray, 0), objArray);
+
+            testWrite6(nullFreeArray1, 1, val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead6(nullFreeArray1, 1), val1);
+            checkCanary1(nullFreeArray1);
+
+            testWrite6(nullFreeAtomicArray1, 1, val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead6(nullFreeAtomicArray1, 1), val1);
+            checkCanary1(nullFreeAtomicArray1);
+
+            testWrite6(nullableArray1, 1, val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead6(nullableArray1, 1), val1);
+            checkCanary1(nullableArray1);
+            testWrite6(nullableArray1, 1, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead6(nullableArray1, 1), null);
+            checkCanary1(nullableArray1);
+
+            testWrite6(nullableAtomicArray1, 1, val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead6(nullableAtomicArray1, 1), val1);
+            checkCanary1(nullableAtomicArray1);
+            testWrite6(nullableAtomicArray1, 1, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testRead6(nullableAtomicArray1, 1), null);
+            checkCanary1(nullableAtomicArray1);
+
+            // Test scalar replacement of array allocations
+            testScalarReplacement1(val0, null, false);
+            testScalarReplacement2(val0, null, false);
+            testScalarReplacement3(val0, null, false);
+            testScalarReplacement4(val0, null, false);
+            testScalarReplacement5(val1, false);
+            testScalarReplacement6(val1, false);
+            testScalarReplacement7(val1, false);
+            testScalarReplacement8(val1, false);
+
+            // Test access to constant arrays
+            testConstantArrays(i);
+
+            // Test correct wiring of memory for flat accesses
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testMemoryEffects0(), CANARY0);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testMemoryEffects1(), CANARY1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testMemoryEffects2(), CANARY2);
+        }
+
+        try {
+            testWrite0(nullFreeArray0, 0, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        checkCanary0(nullFreeArray0);
+        try {
+            testWrite0(nullFreeAtomicArray0, 0, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        checkCanary0(nullFreeAtomicArray0);
+
+        try {
+            testWrite1(nullFreeArray1, 1, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        checkCanary1(nullFreeArray1);
+        try {
+            testWrite1(nullFreeAtomicArray1, 1, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        checkCanary1(nullFreeAtomicArray1);
+
+        try {
+            testWrite2(nullFreeArray2, 1, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        checkCanary2(nullFreeArray2);
+        try {
+            testWrite2(nullFreeAtomicArray2, 1, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        checkCanary2(nullFreeAtomicArray2);
+
+        try {
+            testWrite3(nullFreeArray3, 1, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        checkCanary3(nullFreeArray3);
+        try {
+            testWrite3(nullFreeAtomicArray3, 1, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        checkCanary3(nullFreeAtomicArray3);
+
+        try {
+            testWrite4(nullFreeArray4, 1, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        checkCanary4(nullFreeArray4);
+        try {
+            testWrite4(nullFreeAtomicArray4, 1, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        checkCanary4(nullFreeAtomicArray4);
+
+        try {
+            testWrite5(nullFreeArray5, 1, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        checkCanary5(nullFreeArray5);
+        try {
+            testWrite5(nullFreeAtomicArray5, 1, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        checkCanary5(nullFreeAtomicArray5);
+
+        // Test intrinsics
+        try {
+            testNullRestrictedArrayIntrinsic(3, 1, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            testNullRestrictedArrayIntrinsicDynamic1(3, 1, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            testNullRestrictedArrayIntrinsicDynamic2(3, 1, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            testNullRestrictedArrayIntrinsicDynamic3(3, 1, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            testNullRestrictedAtomicArrayIntrinsic(3, 1, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            testNullRestrictedAtomicArrayIntrinsicDynamic1(3, 1, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            testNullRestrictedAtomicArrayIntrinsicDynamic2(3, 1, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            testNullRestrictedAtomicArrayIntrinsicDynamic3(3, 1, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+
+        testScalarReplacement1(CANARY0, null, true);
+        testScalarReplacement2(CANARY0, null, true);
+        testScalarReplacement3(CANARY0, null, true);
+        testScalarReplacement4(CANARY0, null, true);
+        testScalarReplacement5(CANARY1, true);
+        testScalarReplacement6(CANARY1, true);
+        testScalarReplacement7(CANARY1, true);
+        testScalarReplacement8(CANARY1, true);
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayRematerializationWithProperties.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayRematerializationWithProperties.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3caf05699cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayRematerializationWithProperties.java
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test that rematerialized arrays keep their properties.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayRematerializationWithProperties
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*TestArrayRematerializationWithProperties::test
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayRematerializationWithProperties
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValueArrayRematWithProp  {
+    byte x = 42;
+    byte y = 43;
+
+    static final MyValueArrayRematWithProp DEFAULT = new MyValueArrayRematWithProp();
+}
+
+public class TestArrayRematerializationWithProperties {
+
+    static final boolean FLAT0 = ValueClass.isFlatArray(new MyValueArrayRematWithProp[1]);
+    static final boolean FLAT1 = ValueClass.isFlatArray(ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyValueArrayRematWithProp.class, 1, MyValueArrayRematWithProp.DEFAULT));
+    static final boolean FLAT2 = ValueClass.isFlatArray(ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValueArrayRematWithProp.class, 1));
+    static final boolean FLAT3 = ValueClass.isFlatArray(ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValueArrayRematWithProp.class, 1, MyValueArrayRematWithProp.DEFAULT));
+
+    static final boolean ATOMIC0 = ValueClass.isAtomicArray(new MyValueArrayRematWithProp[1]);
+    static final boolean ATOMIC1 = ValueClass.isAtomicArray(ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyValueArrayRematWithProp.class, 1, MyValueArrayRematWithProp.DEFAULT));
+    static final boolean ATOMIC2 = ValueClass.isAtomicArray(ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValueArrayRematWithProp.class, 1));
+    static final boolean ATOMIC3 = ValueClass.isAtomicArray(ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValueArrayRematWithProp.class, 1, MyValueArrayRematWithProp.DEFAULT));
+
+    static void test(boolean b) {
+        // C2 will scalar replace these arrays
+        MyValueArrayRematWithProp[] array0 = { MyValueArrayRematWithProp.DEFAULT };
+        MyValueArrayRematWithProp[] array1 = (MyValueArrayRematWithProp[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyValueArrayRematWithProp.class, 1, MyValueArrayRematWithProp.DEFAULT);
+        MyValueArrayRematWithProp[] array2 = (MyValueArrayRematWithProp[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValueArrayRematWithProp.class, 1);
+        array2[0] = MyValueArrayRematWithProp.DEFAULT;
+        MyValueArrayRematWithProp[] array3 = (MyValueArrayRematWithProp[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValueArrayRematWithProp.class, 1, MyValueArrayRematWithProp.DEFAULT);
+
+        if (b) {
+            // Uncommon trap, check content and properties of rematerialized arrays
+            Asserts.assertEquals(array0[0], MyValueArrayRematWithProp.DEFAULT);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(array1[0], MyValueArrayRematWithProp.DEFAULT);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(array2[0], MyValueArrayRematWithProp.DEFAULT);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(array3[0], MyValueArrayRematWithProp.DEFAULT);
+
+            Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(array0), ATOMIC0);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(array1), ATOMIC1);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(array2), ATOMIC2);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(array3), ATOMIC3);
+
+            Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(array0));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(array1));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(array2));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(array3));
+
+            Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array0), FLAT0);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array1), FLAT1);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array2), FLAT2);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array3), FLAT3);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // Warmup
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100_000; ++i) {
+            test(false);
+        }
+        // Trigger deopt
+        test(true);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrays.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrays.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2f49b5fe09c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrays.java
@@ -0,0 +1,4188 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.CHECKCAST_ARRAYCOPY;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.CLONE_INTRINSIC_SLOW_PATH;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.JLONG_ARRAYCOPY;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.*;
+
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC_ARRAY;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.CLASS_CHECK_TRAP;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.INTRINSIC_TRAP;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOOP;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.PREDICATE_TRAP;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test value class arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 0
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test value class arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 1
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test value class arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 2
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test value class arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 3
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test value class arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 4
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test value class arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 5
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test value class arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 6
+ */
+
+@ForceCompileClassInitializer
+public class TestArrays {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Scenario[] scenarios = InlineTypes.DEFAULT_SCENARIOS;
+        scenarios[2].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast", "-XX:+StressArrayCopyMacroNode");
+        scenarios[3].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast");
+        scenarios[4].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast");
+        scenarios[5].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast", "-XX:+StressArrayCopyMacroNode");
+
+        InlineTypes.getFramework()
+                   .addScenarios(scenarios[Integer.parseInt(args[0])])
+                   .addHelperClasses(MyValue1.class, MyValue2.class, MyValue2Inline.class)
+                   .start();
+    }
+
+    static {
+        // Make sure RuntimeException is loaded to prevent uncommon traps in IR verified tests
+        RuntimeException tmp = new RuntimeException("42");
+    }
+
+    // Helper methods and classes
+
+    protected long hash() {
+        return hash(rI, rL);
+    }
+
+    protected long hash(int x, long y) {
+        return MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(x, y).hash();
+    }
+
+    static void verify(Object[] src, Object[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static boolean compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(RunInfo info) {
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            if (TestFramework.isCompiled(m)) {
+                TestFramework.compile(m, CompLevel.C2);
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class NotFlattenable {
+        private final Object o1 = null;
+        private final Object o2 = null;
+        private final Object o3 = null;
+        private final Object o4 = null;
+        private final Object o5 = null;
+        private final Object o6 = null;
+
+        static final NotFlattenable DEFAULT = new NotFlattenable();
+    }
+
+    // Test value class array creation and initialization
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        counts = {ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "false"},
+        counts = {ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "= 1"},
+        failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public MyValue1[] test1(int len) {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        return va;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test1")
+    public void test1_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI % 10);
+        MyValue1[] va = test1(len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i].hash(), hash());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test creation of a value class array and element access
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOOP, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test2() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        va[0] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        return va[0].hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test2")
+    public void test2_verifier() {
+        long result = test2();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, hash());
+    }
+
+    // Test receiving a value class array from the interpreter,
+    // updating its elements in a loop and computing a hash.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public long test3(MyValue1[] va) {
+        long result = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            result += va[i].hash();
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI + 1, rL + 1);
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test3")
+    public void test3_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 10, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        long expected = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + i, rL + i);
+            expected += va[i].hash();
+        }
+        long result = test3(va);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(expected, result);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            if (va[i].hash() != hash(rI + 1, rL + 1)) {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(va[i].hash(), hash(rI + 1, rL + 1));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test returning a value class array received from the interpreter
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, LOOP, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public MyValue1[] test4(MyValue1[] va) {
+        return va;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test4")
+    public void test4_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 10, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + i, rL + i);
+        }
+        va = test4(va);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i].hash(), hash(rI + i, rL + i));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Merge value class arrays created from two branches
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test5(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1[] va;
+        if (b) {
+            va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 5, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+            for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
+                va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+            }
+        } else {
+            va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 10, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+                va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI + i, rL + i);
+            }
+        }
+        long sum = va[0].hashInterpreted();
+        if (b) {
+            va[0] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, sum);
+        } else {
+            va[0] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + 1, sum + 1);
+        }
+        return va;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test5")
+    public void test5_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = test5(true);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(va.length, 5);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(va[0].hash(), hash(rI, hash()));
+        for (int i = 1; i < 5; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i].hash(), hash());
+        }
+        va = test5(false);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(va.length, 10);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(va[0].hash(), hash(rI + 1, hash(rI, rL) + 1));
+        for (int i = 1; i < 10; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i].hash(), hash(rI + i, rL + i));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test creation of value class array with single element
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOOP, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public MyValue1 test6() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        return va[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test6")
+    public void test6_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1 v = test6();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v.hashPrimitive(), va[0].hashPrimitive());
+    }
+
+    // Test initialization of value class arrays
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public MyValue1[] test7(int len) {
+        return (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test7")
+    public void test7_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI % 10);
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] var = test7(len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i].hashPrimitive(), var[i].hashPrimitive());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test creation of value class array with zero length
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, LOOP, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public MyValue1[] test8() {
+        return (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 0, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test8")
+    public void test8_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = test8();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(va.length, 0);
+    }
+
+    static MyValue1[] test9_va;
+
+    // Test that value class array loaded from field has correct type
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = LOOP)
+    public long test9() {
+        return test9_va[0].hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test9")
+    public void test9_verifier() {
+        test9_va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        test9_va[0] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        long result = test9();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, hash());
+    }
+
+    // Multi-dimensional arrays
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[][][] test10(int len1, int len2, int len3) {
+        MyValue1[][][] arr = new MyValue1[len1][len2][len3];
+        for (int i = 0; i < len1; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < len2; j++) {
+                for (int k = 0; k < len3; k++) {
+                    arr[i][j][k] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + i , rL + j + k);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return arr;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test10")
+    public void test10_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[][][] arr = test10(2, 3, 4);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
+                for (int k = 0; k < 4; k++) {
+                    Asserts.assertEQ(MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + i , rL + j + k), arr[i][j][k]);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test11(MyValue1[][][] arr, long[] res) {
+        int l = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < arr[i].length; j++) {
+                for (int k = 0; k < arr[i][j].length; k++) {
+                    res[l] = arr[i][j][k].hash();
+                    l++;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test11")
+    public void test11_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[][][] arr = new MyValue1[2][3][4];
+        long[] res = new long[2*3*4];
+        long[] verif = new long[2*3*4];
+        int l = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
+                for (int k = 0; k < 4; k++) {
+                    arr[i][j][k] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + i, rL + j + k);
+                    verif[l] = arr[i][j][k].hash();
+                    l++;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        test11(arr, res);
+        for (int i = 0; i < verif.length; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(res[i], verif[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Array load out of bounds (upper bound) at compile time
+    @Test
+    public int test12() {
+        int arraySize = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, arraySize, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < arraySize; i++) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + 1, rL);
+        }
+
+        try {
+            return va[arraySize + 1].x;
+        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+            return rI;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test12")
+    public void test12_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test12(), rI);
+    }
+
+    // Array load  out of bounds (lower bound) at compile time
+    @Test
+    public int test13() {
+        int arraySize = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, arraySize, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < arraySize; i++) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + i, rL);
+        }
+
+        try {
+            return va[-arraySize].x;
+        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+            return rI;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test13")
+    public void test13_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test13(), rI);
+    }
+
+    // Array load out of bound not known to compiler (both lower and upper bound)
+    @Test
+    public int test14(MyValue1[] va, int index)  {
+        return va[index].x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test14")
+    public void test14_verifier() {
+        int arraySize = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, arraySize, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < arraySize; i++) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+
+        int result;
+        for (int i = -20; i < 20; i++) {
+            try {
+                result = test14(va, i);
+            } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+                result = rI;
+            }
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, rI);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Array store out of bounds (upper bound) at compile time
+    @Test
+    public int test15() {
+        int arraySize = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, arraySize, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+
+        try {
+            for (int i = 0; i <= arraySize; i++) {
+                va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + 1, rL);
+            }
+            return rI - 1;
+        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+            return rI;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test15")
+    public void test15_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test15(), rI);
+    }
+
+    // Array store out of bounds (lower bound) at compile time
+    @Test
+    public int test16() {
+        int arraySize = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, arraySize, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+
+        try {
+            for (int i = -1; i <= arraySize; i++) {
+                va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + 1, rL);
+            }
+            return rI - 1;
+        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+            return rI;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test16")
+    public void test16_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test16(), rI);
+    }
+
+    // Array store out of bound not known to compiler (both lower and upper bound)
+    @Test
+    public int test17(MyValue1[] va, int index, MyValue1 vt)  {
+        va[index] = vt;
+        return va[index].x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test17")
+    public void test17_verifier() {
+        int arraySize = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, arraySize, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < arraySize; i++) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + 1, rL);
+        int result;
+        for (int i = -20; i < 20; i++) {
+            try {
+                result = test17(va, i, vt);
+            } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+                result = rI + 1;
+            }
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, rI + 1);
+        }
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < arraySize; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i].x, rI + 1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // clone() as stub call
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test18(MyValue1[] va) {
+        return va.clone();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test18")
+    public void test18_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        MyValue1[] result = test18(va);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i], result[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // clone() as series of loads/stores
+    static MyValue1[] test19_orig = null;
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test19() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 8, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < va.length; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        test19_orig = va;
+
+        return va.clone();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test19")
+    public void test19_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] result = test19();
+        for (int i = 0; i < test19_orig.length; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test19_orig[i], result[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // arraycopy() of value class array with oop fields
+    @Test
+    public void test20(MyValue1[] src, MyValue1[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test20")
+    public void test20_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] src = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] dst = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        test20(src, dst);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(dst[i], src[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // arraycopy() of value class array with no oop field
+    @Test
+    public void test21(MyValue2[] src, MyValue2[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test21")
+    public void test21_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue2[] src = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, len, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue2[] dst = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, len, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test21(src, dst);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(dst[i], src[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // arraycopy() of value class array with oop field and tightly
+    // coupled allocation as dest
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test22(MyValue1[] src) {
+        MyValue1[] dst = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, src.length, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+        return dst;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test22")
+    public void test22_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] src = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        MyValue1[] dst = test22(src);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(dst[i], src[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // arraycopy() of value class array with oop fields and tightly
+    // coupled allocation as dest
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test23(MyValue1[] src) {
+        MyValue1[] dst = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, src.length + 10, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 5, src.length);
+        return dst;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test23")
+    public void test23_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] src = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        MyValue1[] dst = test23(src);
+        for (int i = 5; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(dst[i], src[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // arraycopy() of value class array passed as Object
+    @Test
+    public void test24(MyValue1[] src, Object dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test24")
+    public void test24_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] src = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] dst1 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        Object[] dst2 = new Object[len];
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        test24(src, dst1);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(dst1[i], src[i]);
+        }
+        test24(src, dst2);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(dst2[i], src[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // short arraycopy() with no oop field
+    @Test
+    public void test25(MyValue2[] src, MyValue2[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test25")
+    public void test25_verifier() {
+        MyValue2[] src = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 8, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue2[] dst = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 8, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test25(src, dst);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(dst[i], src[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // short arraycopy() with oop fields
+    @Test
+    public void test26(MyValue1[] src, MyValue1[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test26")
+    public void test26_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] src = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 8, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] dst = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 8, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        test26(src, dst);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(dst[i], src[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // short arraycopy() with oop fields and offsets
+    @Test
+    public void test27(MyValue1[] src, MyValue1[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 1, dst, 2, 6);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test27")
+    public void test27_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] src = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 8, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] dst = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 8, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        test27(src, dst);
+        for (int i = 2; i < 8; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(dst[i], src[i - 1]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // non escaping allocations
+    // TODO 8252027: Make sure this is optimized with ZGC
+    // TODO 8350865: Support flat arrays in LoadNode::find_previous_arraycopy
+    @Test
+    // @IR(applyIf = {"UseZGC", "false"},
+    //     failOn = {ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOOP, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public MyValue2 test28() {
+        MyValue2[] src = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 10, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        src[0] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        MyValue2[] dst = (MyValue2[])src.clone();
+        return dst[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test28")
+    public void test28_verifier() {
+        MyValue2 v = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        MyValue2 result = test28();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v, result);
+    }
+
+    // non escaping allocations
+    // TODO 8350865: Support flat arrays in System.arraycopy
+    // @Test(failOn = ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, + ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS + LOOP + LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS + STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS + UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP)
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOOP, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "false"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOOP, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public MyValue2 test29(MyValue2[] src) {
+        MyValue2[] dst = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 10, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 10);
+        return dst[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test29")
+    public void test29_verifier() {
+        MyValue2[] src = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 10, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        MyValue2 v = test29(src);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(src[0], v);
+    }
+
+    // non escaping allocation with uncommon trap that needs
+    // eliminated value class array element as debug info
+    @Test
+    public MyValue2 test30(MyValue2[] src, boolean flag) {
+        MyValue2[] dst = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 10, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 10);
+        if (flag) { }
+        return dst[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test30")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test30_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2[] src = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 10, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        MyValue2 v = test30(src, !info.isWarmUp());
+        Asserts.assertEQ(src[0], v);
+    }
+
+
+    // non escaping allocation with memory phi
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOOP, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test31(boolean b, boolean deopt, Method m) {
+        MyValue2[] src = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 1, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        if (b) {
+            src[0] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        } else {
+            src[0] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rD+1);
+        }
+        if (deopt) {
+            // uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return src[0].hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test31")
+    public void test31_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2 v1 = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        long result1 = test31(true, !info.isWarmUp(), info.getTest());
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result1, v1.hash());
+        MyValue2 v2 = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI + 1, rD + 1);
+        long result2 = test31(false, !info.isWarmUp(), info.getTest());
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result2, v2.hash());
+    }
+
+    // Tests with Object arrays and clone/arraycopy
+    // clone() as stub call
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test32(Object[] va) {
+        return va.clone();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test32")
+    public void test32_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        MyValue1[] result = (MyValue1[])test32(va);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i], result[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test33(Object[] va) {
+        return va.clone();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test33")
+    public void test33_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        Object[] va = new Object[len];
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        Object[] result = test33(va);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i], result[i]);
+            // Check that array has correct properties (null-ok)
+            result[i] = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // clone() as series of loads/stores
+    static Object[] test34_orig = null;
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object[] test34_helper(boolean flag) {
+        Object[] va = null;
+        if (flag) {
+            va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 8, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+            for (int i = 0; i < va.length; ++i) {
+                va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+            }
+        } else {
+            va = new Object[8];
+        }
+        return va;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test34(boolean flag) {
+        Object[] va = test34_helper(flag);
+        test34_orig = va;
+        return va.clone();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test34")
+    public void test34_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test34(false);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { // make sure we do deopt
+            Object[] result = test34(true);
+            verify(test34_orig, result);
+            // Check that array has correct properties (null-free)
+            try {
+                result[0] = null;
+                throw new RuntimeException("Should throw NullPointerException");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            Object[] result = test34(true);
+            verify(test34_orig, result);
+            // Check that array has correct properties (null-free)
+            try {
+                result[0] = null;
+                throw new RuntimeException("Should throw NullPointerException");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // arraycopy() of value class array of unknown size
+    @Test
+    public void test35(Object src, Object dst, int len) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test35")
+    public void test35_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] src = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] dst1 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        Object[] dst2 = new Object[len];
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        test35(src, dst1, src.length);
+        verify(src, dst1);
+        test35(src, dst2, src.length);
+        verify(src, dst2);
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            test35(src, dst1, src.length);
+            verify(src, dst1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test36(Object src, MyValue2[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, dst.length);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test36")
+    public void test36_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue2[] src = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, len, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue2[] dst = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, len, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test36(src, dst);
+        verify(src, dst);
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            test36(src, dst);
+            verify(src, dst);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test37(MyValue2[] src, Object dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test37")
+    public void test37_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue2[] src = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, len, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue2[] dst = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, len, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test37(src, dst);
+        verify(src, dst);
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            test37(src, dst);
+            verify(src, dst);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test38(Object src, MyValue2[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, dst.length);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test38")
+    @Warmup(1) // Avoid early compilation
+    public void test38_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        Object[] src = new Object[len];
+        MyValue2[] dst = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, len, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test38(src, dst);
+        verify(dst, src);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            TestFramework.compile(m, CompLevel.C2);
+            test38(src, dst);
+            verify(dst, src);
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(m);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test39(MyValue2[] src, Object dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test39")
+    public void test39_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue2[] src = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, len, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        Object[] dst = new Object[len];
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test39(src, dst);
+        verify(src, dst);
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            test39(src, dst);
+            verify(src, dst);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test40(Object[] src, Object dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test40")
+    @Warmup(1) // Avoid early compilation
+    public void test40_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        Object[] src = new Object[len];
+        MyValue2[] dst = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, len, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test40(src, dst);
+        verify(dst, src);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            TestFramework.compile(m, CompLevel.C2);
+            test40(src, dst);
+            verify(dst, src);
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(m);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test41(Object src, Object[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, dst.length);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test41")
+    public void test41_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue2[] src = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, len, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        Object[] dst = new Object[len];
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test41(src, dst);
+        verify(src, dst);
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            test41(src, dst);
+            verify(src, dst);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test42(Object[] src, Object[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test42")
+    public void test42_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        Object[] src = new Object[len];
+        Object[] dst = new Object[len];
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test42(src, dst);
+        verify(src, dst);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(info.getTest());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // short arraycopy()'s
+    @Test
+    public void test43(Object src, Object dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test43")
+    public void test43_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue1[] src = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 8, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] dst = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 8, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        test43(src, dst);
+        verify(src, dst);
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            test43(src, dst);
+            verify(src, dst);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test44(Object src, MyValue2[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test44")
+    public void test44_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2[] src = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 8, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue2[] dst = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 8, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test44(src, dst);
+        verify(src, dst);
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            test44(src, dst);
+            verify(src, dst);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test45(MyValue2[] src, Object dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test45")
+    public void test45_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2[] src = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 8, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue2[] dst = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 8, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test45(src, dst);
+        verify(src, dst);
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            test45(src, dst);
+            verify(src, dst);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test46(Object[] src, MyValue2[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test46")
+    @Warmup(1) // Avoid early compilation
+    public void test46_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Object[] src = new Object[8];
+        MyValue2[] dst = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 8, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test46(src, dst);
+        verify(dst, src);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            TestFramework.compile(m, CompLevel.C2);
+            test46(src, dst);
+            verify(dst, src);
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(m);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test47(MyValue2[] src, Object[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test47")
+    public void test47_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2[] src = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 8, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        Object[] dst = new Object[8];
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test47(src, dst);
+        verify(src, dst);
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            test47(src, dst);
+            verify(src, dst);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test48(Object[] src, Object dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test48")
+    @Warmup(1) // Avoid early compilation
+    public void test48_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Object[] src = new Object[8];
+        MyValue2[] dst = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 8, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test48(src, dst);
+        verify(dst, src);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            TestFramework.compile(m, CompLevel.C2);
+            test48(src, dst);
+            verify(dst, src);
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(m);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test49(Object src, Object[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test49")
+    public void test49_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2[] src = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 8, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        Object[] dst = new Object[8];
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test49(src, dst);
+        verify(src, dst);
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            test49(src, dst);
+            verify(src, dst);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test50(Object[] src, Object[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test50")
+    public void test50_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Object[] src = new Object[8];
+        Object[] dst = new Object[8];
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test50(src, dst);
+        verify(src, dst);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(m);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test51(MyValue1[] va) {
+        Object[] res = Arrays.copyOf(va, va.length, MyValue1[].class);
+        return (MyValue1[]) res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test51")
+    public void test51_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        MyValue1[] result = test51(va);
+        verify(va, result);
+    }
+
+    static final MyValue1[] test52_va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 8, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test52() {
+        Object[] res = Arrays.copyOf(test52_va, 8, MyValue1[].class);
+        return (MyValue1[]) res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test52")
+    public void test52_verifier() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+            test52_va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        MyValue1[] result = test52();
+        verify(test52_va, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test53(Object[] va) {
+        Object[] res = Arrays.copyOf(va, va.length, MyValue1[].class);
+        return (MyValue1[]) res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test53")
+    public void test53_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        MyValue1[] result = test53(va);
+        verify(result, va);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test54(MyValue1[] va) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(va, va.length, Object[].class);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test54")
+    public void test54_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        Object[] result = test54(va);
+        verify(va, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test55(Object[] va) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(va, va.length, Object[].class);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test55")
+    public void test55_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        Object[] result = test55(va);
+        verify(va, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test56(Object[] va) {
+        Object[] res = Arrays.copyOf(va, va.length, MyValue1[].class);
+        return (MyValue1[]) res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test56")
+    public void test56_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        Object[] va = new Object[len];
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        MyValue1[] result = test56(va);
+        verify(result, va);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test57(Object[] va, Class klass) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(va, va.length, klass);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test57")
+    public void test57_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        Object[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        Object[] result = test57(va, MyValue1[].class);
+        verify(va, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test58(MyValue1[] va, Class klass) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(va, va.length, klass);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test58")
+    public void test58_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            Object[] result = test58(va, MyValue1[].class);
+            verify(va, result);
+        }
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            Object[] result = test58(va, MyValue1[].class);
+            verify(va, result);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test59(MyValue1[] va) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(va, va.length+1, va.getClass());
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test59")
+    public void test59_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len);
+        MyValue1[] verif = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len + 1);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+            verif[i] = va[i];
+        }
+        Object[] result = test59(va);
+        verify(verif, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test60(Object[] va, Class klass) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(va, va.length+1, klass);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test60")
+    public void test60_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len);
+        MyValue1[] verif = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len + 1);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+            verif[i] = (MyValue1)va[i];
+        }
+        Object[] result = test60(va, va.getClass());
+        verify(verif, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test61(Object[] va, Class klass) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(va, va.length+1, klass);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test61")
+    public void test61_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        Object[] va = new NonValueClass[len];
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        }
+        Object[] result = test61(va, NonValueClass[].class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < va.length; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i], result[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object[] test62_helper(int i, MyValue1[] va, NonValueClass[] oa) {
+        Object[] arr = null;
+        if (i == 10) {
+            arr = oa;
+        } else {
+            arr = va;
+        }
+        return arr;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test62(MyValue1[] va, NonValueClass[] oa) {
+        int i = 0;
+        for (; i < 10; i++);
+
+        Object[] arr = test62_helper(i, va, oa);
+
+        return Arrays.copyOf(arr, arr.length+1, arr.getClass());
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test62")
+    public void test62_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        NonValueClass[] oa = new NonValueClass[len];
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            oa[i] = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        }
+        test62_helper(42, va, oa);
+        Object[] result = test62(va, oa);
+        for (int i = 0; i < va.length; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(oa[i], result[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object[] test63_helper(int i, MyValue1[] va, NonValueClass[] oa) {
+        Object[] arr = null;
+        if (i == 10) {
+            arr = va;
+        } else {
+            arr = oa;
+        }
+        return arr;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test63(MyValue1[] va, NonValueClass[] oa) {
+        int i = 0;
+        for (; i < 10; i++);
+
+        Object[] arr = test63_helper(i, va, oa);
+
+        return Arrays.copyOf(arr, arr.length+1, arr.getClass());
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test63")
+    public void test63_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len);
+        MyValue1[] verif = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len + 1);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+            verif[i] = va[i];
+        }
+        NonValueClass[] oa = new NonValueClass[len];
+        test63_helper(42, va, oa);
+        Object[] result = test63(va, oa);
+        verify(verif, result);
+    }
+
+    // Test initialization of value class arrays: small array
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test64() {
+        return (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 8, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test64")
+    public void test64_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 8, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] var = test64();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i].hashPrimitive(), var[i].hashPrimitive());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test initialization of value class arrays: large array
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test65() {
+        return (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 32, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test65")
+    public void test65_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 32, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] var = test65();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 32; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i].hashPrimitive(), var[i].hashPrimitive());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Check init store elimination
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "= 1"})
+    public MyValue1[] test66(MyValue1 vt) {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        va[0] = vt;
+        return va;
+    }
+
+    @Warmup(value=10000)
+    @Run(test = "test66")
+    public void test66_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1[] va = test66(vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(va[0].hashPrimitive(), vt.hashPrimitive());
+    }
+
+    // Zeroing elimination and arraycopy
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test67(MyValue1[] src) {
+        MyValue1[] dst = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 16, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 13);
+        return dst;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test67")
+    public void test67_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 16, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] var = test67(va);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i].hashPrimitive(), var[i].hashPrimitive());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // A store with an all-zero value can be eliminated
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test68() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 2, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        va[0] = va[1];
+        return va;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test68")
+    public void test68_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 2, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] var = test68();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i].hashPrimitive(), var[i].hashPrimitive());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Requires individual stores to init array
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test69(MyValue1 vt) {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 4, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        va[0] = vt;
+        va[3] = vt;
+        return va;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test69")
+    public void test69_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 4, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        va[0] = vt;
+        va[3] = vt;
+        MyValue1[] var = test69(vt);
+        for (int i = 0; i < va.length; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i].hashPrimitive(), var[i].hashPrimitive());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test68 but store is further away from allocation
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test70(MyValue1[] other) {
+        other[1] = other[0];
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 2, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        other[0] = va[1];
+        va[0] = va[1];
+        return va;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test70")
+    public void test70_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 2, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] var = test70(va);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i].hashPrimitive(), var[i].hashPrimitive());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // EA needs to consider oop fields in flattened arrays
+    @Test
+    public void test71() {
+        int len = 10;
+        MyValue2[] src = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, len, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue2[] dst = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, len, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src[i].hash(), dst[i].hash());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test71")
+    public void test71_verifier() {
+        test71();
+    }
+
+    // Test EA with leaf call to 'store_unknown_inline'
+    @Test
+    public void test72(Object[] o, boolean b, Object element) {
+        Object[] arr1 = new Object[10];
+        Object[] arr2 = new Object[10];
+        if (b) {
+            arr1 = o;
+        }
+        arr1[0] = element;
+        arr2[0] = element;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test72")
+    public void test72_verifier() {
+        Object[] arr = new Object[1];
+        Object elem = new Object();
+        test72(arr, true, elem);
+        test72(arr, false, elem);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test73(Object[] oa, MyValue1 v, Object o) {
+        // TestLWorld.test38 use a C1 Phi node for the array. This test
+        // adds the case where the stored value is a C1 Phi node.
+        Object o2 = (o == null) ? v : o;
+        oa[0] = v;  // The stored value is known to be flattenable
+        oa[1] = o;  // The stored value may be flattenable
+        oa[2] = o2; // The stored value may be flattenable (a C1 Phi node)
+        oa[0] = oa; // The stored value is known to be not flattenable (an Object[])
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test73")
+    public void test73_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 v0 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1 v1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        MyValue1[] arr = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 3, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        try {
+            test73(arr, v0, v1);
+            throw new RuntimeException("ArrayStoreException expected");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // expected
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v0, arr[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v1, arr[1]);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v1, arr[2]);
+    }
+
+    public static void test74Callee(MyValue1[] va) { }
+
+    // Tests invoking unloaded method with value class array in signature
+    @Test
+    public void test74(MethodHandle m, MyValue1[] va) throws Throwable {
+        m.invoke(va);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test74")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test74_verifier() throws Throwable {
+        MethodHandle m = MethodHandles.lookup().findStatic(TestArrays.class, "test74Callee", MethodType.methodType(void.class, MyValue1[].class));
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 0, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        test74(m, va);
+    }
+
+    // Some more array clone tests
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object[] test75_helper(int i, MyValue1[] va, NonValueClass[] oa) {
+        Object[] arr = null;
+        if (i == 10) {
+            arr = oa;
+        } else {
+            arr = va;
+        }
+        return arr;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test75(MyValue1[] va, NonValueClass[] oa) {
+        int i = 0;
+        for (; i < 10; i++);
+
+        Object[] arr = test75_helper(i, va, oa);
+        return arr.clone();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test75")
+    public void test75_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        NonValueClass[] oa = new NonValueClass[len];
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            oa[i] = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        }
+        test75_helper(42, va, oa);
+        Object[] result = test75(va, oa);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < va.length; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(oa[i], result[i]);
+            // Check that array has correct properties (null-ok)
+            result[i] = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object[] test76_helper(int i, MyValue1[] va, NonValueClass[] oa) {
+        Object[] arr = null;
+        if (i == 10) {
+            arr = va;
+        } else {
+            arr = oa;
+        }
+        return arr;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test76(MyValue1[] va, NonValueClass[] oa) {
+        int i = 0;
+        for (; i < 10; i++);
+
+        Object[] arr = test76_helper(i, va, oa);
+        return arr.clone();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test76")
+    public void test76_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] verif = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+            verif[i] = va[i];
+        }
+        NonValueClass[] oa = new NonValueClass[len];
+        test76_helper(42, va, oa);
+        Object[] result = test76(va, oa);
+        verify(verif, result);
+        // Check that array has correct properties (null-free)
+        if (len > 0) {
+            try {
+                result[0] = null;
+                throw new RuntimeException("Should throw NullPointerException");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test77() {
+        MyValue1 v0 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1 v1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        MyValue1[] arr = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+
+        Object[] oa = arr;
+        Object o1 = v1;
+        Object o = (o1 == null) ? v0 : o1;
+
+        oa[0] = o; // For C1, due to IfOp optimization, the declared_type of o becomes NULL.
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(arr[0].hash(), v1.hash());
+    }
+
+
+    @Run(test = "test77")
+    public void test77_verifier() {
+        test77();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public long test78(MyValue1 v, int n) {
+        long x = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+        }
+
+        MyValue1[] a = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, n, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        a[0] = v;
+        for (int i = 0; i<n; i++) {
+            x += a[i].hash(); // C1 PhiSimplifier changes "a" from a Phi node to a NewObjectArray node
+        }
+
+        return x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test78")
+    public void test78_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test78(v, 1), v.hash());
+    }
+
+    // Verify that casting an array element to a non-flattenable type marks the array as not flat
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        counts = {LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "false"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC, ALLOC_ARRAY, LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE})
+    public Object test79(Object[] array, int i) {
+        NonValueClass i1 = (NonValueClass)array[0];
+        Object o = array[1];
+        return array[i];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test79")
+    public void test79_verifier() {
+        NonValueClass obj = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        NonValueClass[] array = new NonValueClass[2];
+        array[1] = obj;
+        Object result = test79(array, 1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, obj);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test79 but with not flattenable value class
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        counts = {LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "false"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC, ALLOC_ARRAY, LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE})
+    public Object test80(Object[] array, int i) {
+        NotFlattenable vt = (NotFlattenable)array[0];
+        Object o = array[1];
+        return array[i];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test80")
+    public void test80_verifier() {
+        NotFlattenable vt = new NotFlattenable();
+        NotFlattenable[] array = (NotFlattenable[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(NotFlattenable.class, 2, NotFlattenable.DEFAULT);
+        array[1] = vt;
+        Object result = test80(array, 1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, vt);
+    }
+
+    // Verify that writing an object of a non-inline, non-null type to an array marks the array as not null-free and not flat
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, ALLOC_ARRAY, LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD})
+    public Object test81(Object[] array, NonValueClass v, Object o, int i) {
+        if (v == null) {
+          return null;
+        }
+        array[0] = v;
+        array[1] = array[0];
+        array[2] = o;
+        return array[i];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test81")
+    public void test81_verifier() {
+        NonValueClass obj = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        NonValueClass[] array1 = new NonValueClass[3];
+        Object[] array2 = new Object[3];
+        Object result = test81(array1, obj, obj, 0);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[0], obj);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[1], obj);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[2], obj);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, obj);
+        result = test81(array2, obj, obj, 1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array2[0], obj);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array2[1], obj);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array2[2], obj);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, obj);
+    }
+
+    // Verify that writing an object of a non-flattenable value class to an array marks the array as not flat
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_ARRAY, LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC, ALLOC_ARRAY, LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE})
+    public Object test82(Object[] array, NotFlattenable vt, Object o, int i) {
+        array[0] = vt;
+        array[1] = array[0];
+        array[2] = o;
+        return array[i];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test82")
+    public void test82_verifier() {
+        NotFlattenable vt = new NotFlattenable();
+        NotFlattenable[] array1 = (NotFlattenable[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(NotFlattenable.class, 3, NotFlattenable.DEFAULT);
+        Object[] array2 = new Object[3];
+        Object result = test82(array1, vt, vt, 0);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[0], vt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[1], vt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[2], vt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, vt);
+        result = test82(array2, vt, vt, 1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array2[0], vt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array2[1], vt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array2[2], vt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, vt);
+    }
+
+    // Verify that casting an array element to a non-value class type type marks the array as not null-free and not flat
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        counts = {LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 1"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_ARRAY, STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "false"},
+            failOn = {ALLOC, ALLOC_ARRAY, LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD})
+    public void test83(Object[] array, Object o) {
+        NonValueClass i = (NonValueClass)array[0];
+        array[1] = o;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test83")
+    public void test83_verifier() {
+        NonValueClass obj = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        NonValueClass[] array1 = new NonValueClass[2];
+        Object[] array2 = new Object[2];
+        test83(array1, obj);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[1], obj);
+        test83(array2, null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array2[1], null);
+    }
+
+    // Verify that writing constant null into an array marks the array as not null-free
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC, ALLOC_ARRAY},
+        counts = {INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD, "= 1", // Null check on first store, no check on second store
+                  STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 2",
+                  LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "false"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC, ALLOC_ARRAY, STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE},
+        counts = {INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD, "= 1"}) // Null check on first store, no check on second store
+    public Object test84(Object[] array, int i) {
+        array[0] = null;
+        array[1] = null;
+        return array[i];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test84")
+    public void test84_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        NotFlattenable[] array1 = new NotFlattenable[2];
+        Object[] array2 = new Object[2];
+        Object result = test84(array1, 0);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[0], null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, null);
+        result = test84(array2, 1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array2[0], null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, null);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            NotFlattenable[] array3 = (NotFlattenable[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(NotFlattenable.class, 2, NotFlattenable.DEFAULT);
+            try {
+                test84(array3, 1);
+                throw new RuntimeException("Should throw NullPointerException");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Similar to test84 but with branches
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC, ALLOC_ARRAY},
+        counts = {INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD, "= 2",
+                  STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "<= 3"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "false"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC, ALLOC_ARRAY, STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE},
+        counts = {INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD, "= 2"})
+    public void test85(Object[] array, Object o, boolean b) {
+        if (b) {
+            array[0] = null;
+        } else {
+            array[1] = null;
+        }
+        array[1] = o;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test85")
+    public void test85_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        NonValueClass obj = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        NonValueClass[] array1 = new NonValueClass[2];
+        Object[] array2 = new Object[2];
+        test85(array1, obj, true);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[1], obj);
+        test85(array1, null, false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[1], null);
+        test85(array2, obj, true);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array2[1], obj);
+        test85(array2, null, false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array2[1], null);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            NotFlattenable[] array3 = (NotFlattenable[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(NotFlattenable.class, 2, NotFlattenable.DEFAULT);
+            try {
+                test85(array3, null, true);
+                throw new RuntimeException("Should throw NullPointerException");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test85 but with not flattenable value class array
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_ARRAY, LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE},
+        counts = {INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD, "= 2", ALLOC, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC, ALLOC_ARRAY, LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE},
+        counts = {INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD, "= 2"})
+    public void test86(NotFlattenable[] array, NotFlattenable o, boolean b) {
+        if (b) {
+            array[0] = null;
+        } else {
+            array[1] = null;
+        }
+        array[1] = o;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test86")
+    public void test86_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        NotFlattenable vt = new NotFlattenable();
+        NotFlattenable[] array1 = new NotFlattenable[2];
+        test86(array1, vt, true);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[1], vt);
+        test86(array1, null, false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[1], null);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            NotFlattenable[] array2 = (NotFlattenable[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(NotFlattenable.class, 2, NotFlattenable.DEFAULT);
+            try {
+                test86(array2, null, true);
+                throw new RuntimeException("Should throw NullPointerException");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test85 but with value class array
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_ARRAY, LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE},
+        counts = {INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD, "= 2", ALLOC, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC, ALLOC_ARRAY, LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE},
+        counts = {INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD, "= 2"})
+    public void test87(MyValue1[] array, MyValue1 o, boolean b) {
+        if (b) {
+            array[0] = null;
+        } else {
+            array[1] = null;
+        }
+        array[1] = o;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test87")
+    public void test87_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1[] array1 = new MyValue1[2];
+        test87(array1, vt, true);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[1], vt);
+        test87(array1, null, false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[1], null);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            MyValue1[] array2 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 2, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+            try {
+                test87(array2, null, true);
+                throw new RuntimeException("Should throw NullPointerException");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Additional correctness tests to make sure we have the required null checks
+    @Test
+    public void test88(Object[] array, NonValueClass v) {
+        array[0] = v;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test88")
+    public void test88_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        NonValueClass[] array1 = new NonValueClass[1];
+        Object[] array2 = new Object[1];
+        test88(array1, null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[0], null);
+        test88(array2, null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array2[0], null);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            MyValue1[] array3 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+            try {
+                test88(array3, null);
+                throw new RuntimeException("Should throw NullPointerException");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test89(MyValue1[] array, NonValueClass v) {
+        Object o = v;
+        array[0] = (MyValue1)o;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test89")
+    public void test89_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue1[] array1 = new MyValue1[1];
+        test89(array1, null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[0], null);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            MyValue1[] array2 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+            try {
+                test89(array2, null);
+                throw new RuntimeException("Should throw NullPointerException");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public boolean test90() {
+        boolean b = true;
+
+        MyValue1[] qArray = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 0, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] lArray = new MyValue1[0];
+
+        b = b && (qArray instanceof MyValue1[]);
+        b = b && (lArray instanceof MyValue1[]);
+
+        MyValue1[][] qArray2 = { (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 0, MyValue1.DEFAULT) };
+        MyValue1[][] lArray2 = new MyValue1[0][0];
+
+        b = b && (qArray2 instanceof MyValue1[][]);
+        b = b && (lArray2 instanceof MyValue1[][]);
+
+        return b;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test90")
+    public void test90_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test90(), true);
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test91Value {
+        public int f0;
+        public int f1;
+        public int f2;
+        public int f3;
+        public int f4;
+        public int f5;
+
+        public Test91Value(int i) {
+            this.f0 = i;
+            this.f1 = i;
+            this.f2 = i;
+            this.f3 = i;
+            this.f4 = i;
+            this.f5 = i;
+        }
+
+        public void verify() {
+            if ((f0 != f1) || (f1 != f2) || (f2 != f3) || (f3 != f4) || (f4 != f5)) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("test91 failed");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test anti-dependencies between loads and stores from flattened array
+    @Test
+    public int test91(Test91Value[] array, int lo, int val) {
+        int i = 3;
+        while (lo < i) {
+            Test91Value tmp = array[lo];
+            array[lo++] = array[i];
+            array[i--] = tmp;
+        }
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test91")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test91_verifier() {
+        Test91Value[] array = (Test91Value[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Test91Value.class, 5, new Test91Value(0));
+        for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
+            array[i] = new Test91Value(i);
+            array[i].verify();
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test91(array, 0, 5), 5);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
+            array[i].verify();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test92(Object[] src, Object[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test92")
+    public void test92_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] a = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] b = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        try {
+            test92(a, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should throw NullPointerException");
+        } catch (NullPointerException expected) {}
+
+        try {
+            test92(null, b);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should throw NullPointerException");
+        } catch (NullPointerException expected) {}
+
+        a[0] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        test92(a, b);
+        verify(a, b);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test30 but accessing all elements of the non-escaping array
+    @Test
+    public long test93(MyValue2[] src, boolean flag) {
+        MyValue2[] dst = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 10, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 10);
+        if (flag) {  }
+        return dst[0].hash() + dst[1].hash() + dst[2].hash() + dst[3].hash() + dst[4].hash() +
+               dst[5].hash() + dst[6].hash() + dst[7].hash() + dst[8].hash() + dst[9].hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test93")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test93_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2[] src = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 10, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        long res = test93(src, !info.isWarmUp());
+        long expected = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            expected += src[i].hash();
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, expected);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test93 but with variable source array offset
+    @Test
+    public long test94(MyValue2[] src, int i, boolean flag) {
+        MyValue2[] dst = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 10, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        System.arraycopy(src, i, dst, 0, 1);
+        if (flag) {  }
+        return dst[0].hash() + dst[1].hash() + dst[2].hash() + dst[3].hash() + dst[4].hash() +
+               dst[5].hash() + dst[6].hash() + dst[7].hash() + dst[8].hash() + dst[9].hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test94")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test94_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2[] src = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 10, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            long res = test94(src, i, !info.isWarmUp());
+            long expected = src[i].hash() + 9*MyValue2.createDefaultInline().hash();
+            Asserts.assertEQ(res, expected);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static final MyValue1[] nullFreeArray = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+
+    // Test propagation of not null-free/flat information
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test95(Object[] array) {
+        array[0] = null;
+        return nullFreeArray.getClass().cast(array);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test95")
+    public void test95_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] array1 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        NonValueClass[] array2 = new NonValueClass[1];
+        try {
+            test95(array1);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should throw NullPointerException");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            test95(array2);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should throw ClassCastException");
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test95 but with cmp user of cast result
+    @Test
+    public boolean test96(Object[] array) {
+        array[0] = null;
+        MyValue1[] casted = nullFreeArray.getClass().cast(array);
+        return casted != null;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test96")
+    public void test96_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] array1 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        NonValueClass[] array2 = new NonValueClass[1];
+        try {
+            test96(array1);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should throw NullPointerException");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            test96(array2);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should throw ClassCastException");
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test95 but with instanceof instead of cast
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"MonomorphicArrayCheck", "true"}, failOn = IRNode.SUBTYPE_CHECK)
+    public boolean test97(Object[] array) {
+        // When calling this with array = MyValue1[], we will already throw an ArrayStoreException here.
+        array[0] = new NonValueClass(42);
+        // Always returns false because we just successfully stored a non-value object and therefore the array can't
+        // be a value class array.
+        return array instanceof MyValue1[];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test97")
+    public void test97_verifier(RunInfo runInfo) {
+        MyValue1[] array1 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        NonValueClass[] array2 = new NonValueClass[1];
+        // When emitting the array store check "NonValueClass <: Object[]" for "array[0] = new NonValueClass(42)" in
+        // test97(), we speculatively assume that Object[] is exact and emit such a check with an uncommon trap before
+        // the array store check at the same bci. We propagate that information with an additional CheckCastPP node
+        // feeding into the array store sub type check.
+        // At runtime, we will hit the ArrayStoreException in the first execution when array is a MyValue1[].
+        // With the default IR framework warm-up, we will profile the ArrayStoreException in the interpreter and
+        // pass it in the MDO to the C2 compiler which treats these exceptions as traps being hit (see
+        // InterpreterRuntime::create_klass_exception). As a result, C2 is not able to speculatively cast the array of
+        // type Object[] to an exact type before the first sub type check because we've seen too many traps being taken
+        // at that bci due to the ArrayStoreException that was hit at the very same bci (see Compile::too_many_traps()
+        // which checks that zero traps have been taken so far). Thus, neither the first sub type check for the array
+        // check cast nor the second sub type check for the instanceof can be removed.
+        // By not executing test97() with MyValue1[] during warm-up, which would trigger the ArrayStoreException,
+        // we will not observe an ArrayStoreException before C2 compilation. Note that C2 also requires
+        // MonomorphicArrayCheck in order to emit the speculative exactness check.
+        // The same is required for test98-100().
+        if (!runInfo.isWarmUp()) {
+            try {
+                test97(array1);
+                throw new RuntimeException("Should throw ArrayStoreException");
+            } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+        boolean res = test97(array2);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(res);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test95 but with non-flattenable store
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true", "MonomorphicArrayCheck", "true"},
+        failOn = IRNode.SUBTYPE_CHECK)
+    public MyValue1[] test98(Object[] array) {
+        // When calling this with array = MyValue1[], we will already throw an ArrayStoreException here.
+        array[0] = new NotFlattenable();
+        // Always throws a ClassCastException because we just successfully stored a
+        // non-flattenable value and therefore the array can't be a flat array.
+        return (MyValue1[])array;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test98")
+    public void test98_verifier(RunInfo runInfo) {
+        MyValue1[] array1 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        NotFlattenable[] array2 = (NotFlattenable[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(NotFlattenable.class, 1, NotFlattenable.DEFAULT);
+        if (!runInfo.isWarmUp()) { // See test97() for the reason why we need this.
+            try {
+                test98(array1);
+                throw new RuntimeException("Should throw ArrayStoreException");
+            } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+        try {
+            test98(array2);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should throw ClassCastException");
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test98 but with cmp user of cast result
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true", "MonomorphicArrayCheck", "true"},
+        failOn = IRNode.SUBTYPE_CHECK)
+    public boolean test99(Object[] array) {
+        // When calling this with array = MyValue1[], we will already throw an ArrayStoreException here.
+        array[0] = new NotFlattenable();
+        // Always throws a ClassCastException because we just successfully stored a
+        // non-flattenable value and therefore the array can't be a flat array.
+        MyValue1[] casted = (MyValue1[])array;
+        return casted != null;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test99")
+    public void test99_verifier(RunInfo runInfo) {
+        MyValue1[] array1 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        NotFlattenable[] array2 = (NotFlattenable[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(NotFlattenable.class, 1, NotFlattenable.DEFAULT);
+        if (!runInfo.isWarmUp()) { // See test97() for the reason why we need this.
+            try {
+                test99(array1);
+                throw new RuntimeException("Should throw ArrayStoreException");
+            } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+        try {
+            test99(array2);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should throw ClassCastException");
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test98 but with instanceof instead of cast
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true", "MonomorphicArrayCheck", "true"},
+        failOn = IRNode.SUBTYPE_CHECK)
+    public boolean test100(Object[] array) {
+        // When calling this with array = MyValue1[], we will already throw an ArrayStoreException here.
+        array[0] = new NotFlattenable();
+        // Always throws a ClassCastException because we just successfully stored a
+        // non-flattenable value and therefore the array can't be a flat array.
+        return array instanceof MyValue1[];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test100")
+    public void test100_verifier(RunInfo runInfo) {
+        MyValue1[] array1 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        NotFlattenable[] array2 = (NotFlattenable[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(NotFlattenable.class, 1, NotFlattenable.DEFAULT);
+        if (!runInfo.isWarmUp()) { // See test97() for the reason why we need this.
+            try {
+                test100(array1);
+                throw new RuntimeException("Should throw ArrayStoreException");
+            } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+        boolean res = test100(array2);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(res);
+    }
+
+    // Test that SUBTYPE_CHECK matching works as expected
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.SUBTYPE_CHECK, "1" })
+    public boolean test101(Object[] array) {
+        return array instanceof MyValue1[];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test101")
+    public void test101_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] array1 = new MyValue1[1];
+        NotFlattenable[] array2 = (NotFlattenable[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(NotFlattenable.class, 1, NotFlattenable.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] array3 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test101(array1));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test101(array2));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test101(array3));
+    }
+
+    // Test that SUBTYPE_CHECK matching works as expected with null-free arrays
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.SUBTYPE_CHECK, "1" })
+    public Object test101NullFree(Object[] array) {
+        return nullFreeArray.getClass().cast(array);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test101NullFree")
+    public void test101NullFree_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] array1 = new MyValue1[1];
+        NotFlattenable[] array2 = (NotFlattenable[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(NotFlattenable.class, 1, NotFlattenable.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] array3 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        test101NullFree(array1);
+        try {
+            test101NullFree(array2);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should throw ClassCastException");
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        test101NullFree(array3);
+    }
+
+    // TODO 8251971 Used for copyOf because we can't create a null-free, non-atomic, flat array via the mirror as a destination array
+    static final MyValue2[] val_src2 = new MyValue2[8];
+
+    static final MyValue2[] val_src = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 8, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+    static final MyValue2[] val_dst = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 8, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+    static final Object[]   obj_src = new Object[8];
+    static final Object[]   obj_null_src = new Object[8];
+    static final Object[]   obj_dst = new Object[8];
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static Object get_val_src() { return val_src; }
+    @ForceInline
+    static Object get_val_dst() { return val_dst; }
+    @ForceInline
+    static Class get_val_class() { return val_src.getClass(); }
+    @ForceInline
+    static Class get_non_val_class() { return NonValueClass[].class; }
+    @ForceInline
+    static Object get_obj_src() { return obj_src; }
+    @ForceInline
+    static Object get_obj_null_src() { return obj_null_src; }
+    @ForceInline
+    static Object get_obj_dst() { return obj_dst; }
+    @ForceInline
+    static Class get_obj_class() { return Object[].class; }
+
+    static {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+            val_src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+            obj_src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+            obj_null_src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        obj_null_src[0] = null;
+    }
+
+    // Arraycopy with constant source and destination arrays
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        counts = {INTRINSIC_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "false"},
+        failOn = INTRINSIC_TRAP)
+    public void test102() {
+        System.arraycopy(val_src, 0, obj_dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test102")
+    public void test102_verifier() {
+        test102();
+        verify(val_src, obj_dst);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test102 but with MyValue2[] dst
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8350865 Re-enable
+    // @IR(failOn = INTRINSIC_SLOW_PATH)
+    public void test103() {
+        System.arraycopy(val_src, 0, val_dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test103")
+    public void test103_verifier() {
+        test103();
+        verify(val_src, val_dst);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test102 but with Object[] src
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = INTRINSIC_TRAP)
+    public void test104() {
+        System.arraycopy(obj_src, 0, obj_dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test104")
+    public void test104_verifier() {
+        test104();
+        verify(obj_src, obj_dst);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test103 but with Object[] src
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {INTRINSIC_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    public void test105() {
+        System.arraycopy(obj_src, 0, val_dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test105")
+    public void test105_verifier() {
+        test105();
+        verify(obj_src, val_dst);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test103 but with Object[] src containing null
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {INTRINSIC_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    public void test105_null() {
+        System.arraycopy(obj_null_src, 0, val_dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test105_null")
+    public void test105_null_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test105_null();
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Below tests are equal to test102-test105 but hide the src/dst types until
+    // after the arraycopy intrinsic is emitted (with incremental inlining).
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        counts = {INTRINSIC_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "false"},
+        failOn = INTRINSIC_TRAP)
+    public void test106() {
+        System.arraycopy(get_val_src(), 0, get_obj_dst(), 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test106")
+    public void test106_verifier() {
+        test106();
+        verify(val_src, obj_dst);
+    }
+
+    // TODO 8251971: Should be optimized but we are bailing out because
+    // at parse time it looks as if src could be flat and dst could be not flat.
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "false"},
+        failOn = INTRINSIC_TRAP)
+    public void test107() {
+        System.arraycopy(get_val_src(), 0, get_val_dst(), 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test107")
+    public void test107_verifier() {
+        test107();
+        verify(val_src, val_dst);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = INTRINSIC_TRAP)
+    public void test108() {
+        System.arraycopy(get_obj_src(), 0, get_obj_dst(), 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test108")
+    public void test108_verifier() {
+        test108();
+        verify(obj_src, obj_dst);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {INTRINSIC_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    public void test109() {
+        System.arraycopy(get_obj_src(), 0, get_val_dst(), 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test109")
+    public void test109_verifier() {
+        test109();
+        verify(obj_src, val_dst);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {INTRINSIC_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    public void test109_null() {
+        System.arraycopy(get_obj_null_src(), 0, get_val_dst(), 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test109_null")
+    public void test109_null_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test109_null();
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Arrays.copyOf with constant source and destination arrays
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8251971 Re-enable
+    // @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+    //     counts = {INTRINSIC_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    // @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "false"},
+    //     failOn = {INTRINSIC_TRAP, CLASS_CHECK_TRAP})
+    public Object[] test110() {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(val_src, 8, Object[].class);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test110")
+    public void test110_verifier() {
+        Object[] res = test110();
+        verify(val_src, res);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test110 but with MyValue2[] dst
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {INTRINSIC_TRAP, CLASS_CHECK_TRAP})
+    public Object[] test111() {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(val_src2, 8, val_src2.getClass());
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test111")
+    public void test111_verifier() {
+        Object[] res = test111();
+        verify(val_src2, res);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test110 but with Object[] src
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {INTRINSIC_TRAP, CLASS_CHECK_TRAP})
+    public Object[] test112() {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(obj_src, 8, Object[].class);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test112")
+    public void test112_verifier() {
+        Object[] res = test112();
+        verify(obj_src, res);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test111 but with Object[] src
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {CLASS_CHECK_TRAP, " = 1"})
+    public Object[] test113() {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(obj_src, 8, MyValue2[].class);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test113")
+    public void test113_verifier() {
+        Object[] res = test113();
+        verify(obj_src, res);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test111 but with Object[] src containing null
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {CLASS_CHECK_TRAP, " = 1"})
+    public Object[] test113_null() {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(obj_null_src, 8, val_src.getClass());
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test113_null")
+    public void test113_null_verifier() {
+        Object[] res = test113_null();
+        verify(obj_null_src, res);
+    }
+
+    // Below tests are equal to test110-test113 but hide the src/dst types until
+    // after the arraycopy intrinsic is emitted (with incremental inlining).
+
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8251971 Re-enable
+    // @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+    //     counts = {INTRINSIC_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    // @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "false"},
+    //     failOn = {INTRINSIC_TRAP, CLASS_CHECK_TRAP})
+    public Object[] test114() {
+        return Arrays.copyOf((Object[])get_val_src(), 8, get_obj_class());
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test114")
+    public void test114_verifier() {
+        Object[] res = test114();
+        verify(val_src, res);
+    }
+
+    // TODO 8251971: Should be optimized but we are bailing out because
+    // at parse time it looks as if src could be flat and dst could be not flat
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8251971 Re-enable
+    // @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "false"},
+    //    failOn = {INTRINSIC_TRAP, CLASS_CHECK_TRAP})
+    public Object[] test115() {
+        return Arrays.copyOf((Object[])get_val_src(), 8, get_val_class());
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test115")
+    public void test115_verifier() {
+        Object[] res = test115();
+        verify(val_src, res);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {INTRINSIC_TRAP, CLASS_CHECK_TRAP})
+    public Object[] test116() {
+        return Arrays.copyOf((Object[])get_obj_src(), 8, get_obj_class());
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test116")
+    public void test116_verifier() {
+        Object[] res = test116();
+        verify(obj_src, res);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {CLASS_CHECK_TRAP, " = 1"})
+    public Object[] test117() {
+        // TODO 8251971 Use get_val_class() here
+        return Arrays.copyOf((Object[])get_obj_src(), 8, val_src2.getClass());
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test117")
+    public void test117_verifier() {
+        Object[] res = test117();
+        verify(obj_src, res);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {CLASS_CHECK_TRAP, " = 1"})
+    public Object[] test117_null() {
+        // TODO 8251971 Use get_val_class() here
+        return Arrays.copyOf((Object[])get_obj_null_src(), 8, val_src2.getClass());
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test117_null")
+    public void test117_null_verifier() {
+        Object[] res = test117_null();
+        verify((Object[])get_obj_null_src(), res);
+    }
+
+    // Some more Arrays.copyOf tests with only constant class
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {CLASS_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    // TODO 8251971
+    // failOn = INTRINSIC_SLOW_PATH)
+    public Object[] test118(Object[] src) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(src, 8, val_src.getClass());
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test118")
+    public void test118_verifier() {
+        Object[] res = test118(obj_src);
+        verify(obj_src, res);
+        res = test118(val_src);
+        verify(val_src, res);
+        res = test118(obj_null_src);
+        verify(obj_null_src, res);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test119(Object[] src) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(src, 8, Object[].class);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test119")
+    public void test119_verifier() {
+        Object[] res = test119(obj_src);
+        verify(obj_src, res);
+        res = test119(val_src);
+        verify(val_src, res);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {CLASS_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    // TODO 8251971
+    // failOn = INTRINSIC_SLOW_PATH)
+    public Object[] test120(Object[] src) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(src, 8, NonValueClass[].class);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test120")
+    public void test120_verifier() {
+        NonValueClass[] arr = new NonValueClass[8];
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+            arr[i] = new NonValueClass(rI + i);
+        }
+        Object[] res = test120(arr);
+        verify(arr, res);
+        try {
+            test120(val_src);
+            throw new RuntimeException("ArrayStoreException expected");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test121(Object[] src) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(src, 8, val_src.getClass());
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test121")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure we hit too_many_traps for the src <: dst check
+    public void test121_verifier() {
+        Object[] res = test121(obj_src);
+        verify(obj_src, res);
+        res = test121(val_src);
+        verify(val_src, res);
+        res = test121(obj_null_src);
+        verify(obj_null_src, res);
+    }
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test122(Object[] src) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(src, 8, get_val_class());
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test122")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure we hit too_many_traps for the src <: dst check
+    public void test122_verifier() {
+        Object[] res = test122(obj_src);
+        verify(obj_src, res);
+        res = test122(val_src);
+        verify(val_src, res);
+        res = test122(obj_null_src);
+        verify(obj_null_src, res);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test123(Object[] src) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(src, 8, NonValueClass[].class);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test123")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure we hit too_many_traps for the src <: dst check
+    public void test123_verifier() {
+        NonValueClass[] arr = new NonValueClass[8];
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+            arr[i] = new NonValueClass(rI + i);
+        }
+        Object[] res = test123(arr);
+        verify(arr, res);
+        try {
+            test123(val_src);
+            throw new RuntimeException("ArrayStoreException expected");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test124(Object[] src) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(src, 8, get_non_val_class());
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test124")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure we hit too_many_traps for the src <: dst check
+    public void test124_verifier() {
+        NonValueClass[] arr = new NonValueClass[8];
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+            arr[i] = new NonValueClass(rI + i);
+        }
+        Object[] res = test124(arr);
+        verify(arr, res);
+        try {
+            test124(val_src);
+            throw new RuntimeException("ArrayStoreException expected");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test125(Object[] src, Class klass) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(src, 8, klass);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test125")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure we hit too_many_traps for the src <: dst check
+    public void test125_verifier() {
+        NonValueClass[] arr = new NonValueClass[8];
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+            arr[i] = new NonValueClass(rI + i);
+        }
+        Object[] res = test125(arr, NonValueClass[].class);
+        verify((Object[])arr, res);
+        res = test125(val_src, val_src.getClass());
+        verify(val_src, res);
+        res = test125(obj_src, val_src.getClass());
+        verify(obj_src, res);
+        res = test125(obj_null_src, val_src.getClass());
+        verify(obj_null_src, res);
+        try {
+            test125(arr, val_src.getClass());
+            throw new RuntimeException("ArrayStoreException expected");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // expected
+        }
+        try {
+            test125(val_src, MyValue1[].class);
+            throw new RuntimeException("ArrayStoreException expected");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Verify that clone from (flat) value class array not containing oops is always optimized.
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        counts = {JLONG_ARRAYCOPY, "= 1"},
+        failOn = {CHECKCAST_ARRAYCOPY, CLONE_INTRINSIC_SLOW_PATH})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "false"},
+        failOn = CLONE_INTRINSIC_SLOW_PATH)
+    public Object[] test126() {
+        return val_src.clone();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test126")
+    public void test126_verifier() {
+        Object[] res = test126();
+        verify(val_src, res);
+    }
+
+    // Verify correctness of generic_copy stub
+    @Test
+    public void test127(Object src, Object dst, int len) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test127")
+    public void test127_verifier() {
+        test127(val_src, obj_dst, 8);
+        verify(val_src, obj_dst);
+        test127(val_src, val_dst, 8);
+        verify(val_src, val_dst);
+        test127(obj_src, val_dst, 8);
+        verify(obj_src, val_dst);
+        try {
+            test127(obj_null_src, val_dst, 8);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class Test127aValue {
+        int x;
+
+        Test127aValue(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Test127aValue valueTest127a = new Test127aValue(34);
+    static final Test127aValue[] srcTest127a = (Test127aValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Test127aValue.class, 8, valueTest127a);
+    static final Test127aValue[] destTest127a = (Test127aValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Test127aValue.class, 8, valueTest127a);
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void test127a(int srcPos, int destPos, int len) {
+        System.arraycopy(srcTest127a, srcPos, destTest127a, destPos, len);
+    }
+
+    // Ensure that System.arraycopy() is working properly with COH.
+    @Run(test = "test127a")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test127a_verifier() {
+        test127a(0,1, 7);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 7; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(srcTest127a[i], destTest127a[i + 1]);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(valueTest127a, destTest127a[0]);
+    }
+
+    static void verifyTest127a(Object[] src, Object[] dst, int len, int offset) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src[i], dst[i + offset]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src[i], dst[i + offset]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Verify that copyOf with known source and unknown destination class is optimized
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8251971 Re-enable
+    //@IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+    //    counts = {JLONG_ARRAYCOPY, "= 1"},
+    //    failOn = CHECKCAST_ARRAYCOPY)
+    public Object[] test128(Class klass) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(val_src, 8, klass);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test128")
+    public void test128_verifier() {
+        Object[] res = test128(MyValue2[].class);
+        verify(val_src, res);
+        res = test128(Object[].class);
+        verify(val_src, res);
+        try {
+            test128(MyValue1[].class);
+            throw new RuntimeException("ArrayStoreException expected");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Arraycopy with non-array src/dst
+    @Test
+    public void test129(Object src, Object dst, int len) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test129")
+    public void test129_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test129(new Object(), new Object[0], 0);
+            throw new RuntimeException("ArrayStoreException expected");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // expected
+        }
+        try {
+            test129(new Object[0], new Object(), 0);
+            throw new RuntimeException("ArrayStoreException expected");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    static final MyValueEmpty empty = new MyValueEmpty();
+
+    // Empty value class array access
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "true"},
+        failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public MyValueEmpty test130(MyValueEmpty[] array) {
+        array[0] = new MyValueEmpty();
+        return array[1];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test130")
+    public void test130_verifier() {
+        MyValueEmpty[] array = (MyValueEmpty[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValueEmpty.class, 2, empty);
+        MyValueEmpty res = test130(array);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array[0], empty);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, empty);
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class EmptyContainer {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValueEmpty empty = new MyValueEmpty();
+    }
+
+    // Empty value class container array access
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public MyValueEmpty test131(EmptyContainer[] array) {
+        array[0] = new EmptyContainer();
+        return array[1].empty;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test131")
+    public void test131_verifier() {
+        EmptyContainer[] array = (EmptyContainer[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(EmptyContainer.class, 2, new EmptyContainer());
+        MyValueEmpty res = test131(array);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array[0], new EmptyContainer());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, new MyValueEmpty());
+    }
+
+    // Empty value class array access with unknown array type
+    @Test
+    public Object test132(Object[] array) {
+        array[0] = new MyValueEmpty();
+        return array[1];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test132")
+    public void test132_verifier() {
+        Object[] array = (MyValueEmpty[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValueEmpty.class, 2, empty);
+        Object res = test132(array);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array[0], empty);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, empty);
+        array = new Object[2];
+        res = test132(array);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array[0], empty);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, null);
+    }
+
+    // Empty value class container array access with unknown array type
+    @Test
+    public Object test133(Object[] array) {
+        array[0] = new EmptyContainer();
+        return array[1];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test133")
+    public void test133_verifier() {
+        EmptyContainer empty = new EmptyContainer();
+        Object[] array = (EmptyContainer[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(EmptyContainer.class, 2, new EmptyContainer());
+        Object res = test133(array);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array[0], empty);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, empty);
+        array = new Object[2];
+        res = test133(array);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array[0], empty);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, null);
+    }
+
+    // Non-escaping empty value class array access
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public static MyValueEmpty test134() {
+        MyValueEmpty[] array = new MyValueEmpty[1];
+        array[0] = empty;
+        return array[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test134")
+    public void test134_verifier() {
+        MyValueEmpty res = test134();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, empty);
+    }
+
+    // Test accessing a locked (value class) array
+    @Test
+    public Object test135(Object[] array, Object val) {
+        array[0] = val;
+        return array[1];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test135")
+    public void test135_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] array1 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 2, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        array1[1] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        synchronized (array1) {
+            Object res = test135(array1, array1[1]);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(array1[1], res);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(array1[0], array1[1]);
+        }
+        NonValueClass[] array2 = new NonValueClass[2];
+        array2[1] = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        synchronized (array2) {
+            Object res = test135(array2, array2[1]);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(res, array2[1]);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(array2[0], array2[1]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test135 but with locking in compiled method
+    @Test
+    public Object test136(Object[] array, Object val) {
+        Object res = null;
+        synchronized (array) {
+            array[0] = val;
+            res = array[1];
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test136")
+    public void test136_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] array1 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 2, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        array1[1] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        Object res = test136(array1, array1[1]);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[1], res);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[0], array1[1]);
+        NonValueClass[] array2 = new NonValueClass[2];
+        array2[1] = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        res = test136(array2, array2[1]);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, array2[1]);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array2[0], array2[1]);
+    }
+
+    Object oFld1, oFld2;
+
+    // Test loop unwswitching with locked (value class) array accesses
+    @Test
+    public void test137(Object[] array1, Object[] array2) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < array1.length; i++) {
+            oFld1 = array1[i];
+            oFld2 = array2[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test137")
+    public void test137_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] array1 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 100, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        Arrays.fill(array1, MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL));
+        NonValueClass[] array2 = new NonValueClass[100];
+        Arrays.fill(array2, new NonValueClass(rI));
+        synchronized (array1) {
+            test137(array1, array1);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(oFld1, array1[0]);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(oFld2, array1[0]);
+            test137(array1, array2);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(oFld1, array1[0]);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(oFld2, array2[0]);
+            test137(array2, array1);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(oFld1, array2[0]);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(oFld2, array1[0]);
+        }
+        synchronized (array2) {
+            test137(array2, array2);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(oFld1, array2[0]);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(oFld2, array2[0]);
+            test137(array1, array2);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(oFld1, array1[0]);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(oFld2, array2[0]);
+            test137(array2, array1);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(oFld1, array2[0]);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(oFld2, array1[0]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test137 but with locking in loop
+    @Test
+    public void test138(Object[] array1, Object[] array2) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < array1.length; i++) {
+            synchronized (array1) {
+                oFld1 = array1[i];
+            }
+            synchronized (array2) {
+                oFld2 = array2[i];
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test138")
+    public void test138_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] array1 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 100, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        Arrays.fill(array1, MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL));
+        NonValueClass[] array2 = new NonValueClass[100];
+        Arrays.fill(array2, new NonValueClass(rI));
+        test138(array1, array1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(oFld1, array1[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(oFld2, array1[0]);
+        test138(array1, array2);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(oFld1, array1[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(oFld2, array2[0]);
+        test138(array2, array1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(oFld1, array2[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(oFld2, array1[0]);
+        test138(array2, array2);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(oFld1, array2[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(oFld2, array2[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(oFld2, array2[0]);
+    }
+
+    // Test load from array that is only known to be not a value class array after parsing
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, ALLOC_ARRAY, LOOP, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP, LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE,
+                  STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD})
+    public Object test139() {
+        Object[]  array = null;
+        Object[] oarray = new NonValueClass[1];
+        Object[] varray = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            array = varray;
+            varray = oarray;
+        }
+        return array[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test139")
+    public void test139_verifier() {
+        Object res = test139();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, null);
+    }
+
+    // Test store to array that is only known to be not a value class array after parsing
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC, LOOP, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP,
+                  LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD})
+    public Object[] test140(Object val) {
+        Object[]  array = null;
+        Object[] oarray = new NonValueClass[1];
+        Object[] varray = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            array = varray;
+            varray = oarray;
+        }
+        array[0] = val;
+        return array;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test140")
+    public void test140_verifier() {
+        NonValueClass obj = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        Object[] res = test140(obj);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res[0], obj);
+        res = test140(null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res[0], null);
+    }
+
+    // Test load from array that is only known to be not a value class array after parsing
+    // TODO 8255938
+    @Test
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_G, ALLOC_ARRAY, LOOP, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP, LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD})
+    public Object test141() {
+        Object[]  array = null;
+        Object[] oarray = new NonValueClass[1];
+        Object[] varray = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            array = oarray;
+            oarray = varray;
+        }
+        return array[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test141")
+    public void test141_verifier() {
+        Object res = test141();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, MyValue1.createDefaultInline());
+    }
+
+    // Test store to array that is only known to be not a value class array after parsing
+    // TODO 8255938
+    @Test
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_G, LOOP, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP, LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD})
+    public Object[] test142(Object val) {
+        Object[]  array = null;
+        Object[] oarray = new NonValueClass[1];
+        Object[] varray = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            array = oarray;
+            oarray = varray;
+        }
+        array[0] = val;
+        return array;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test142")
+    public void test142_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Object[] res = test142(MyValue1.createDefaultInline());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res[0], MyValue1.createDefaultInline());
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            try {
+                test142(null);
+                throw new RuntimeException("Should throw NullPointerException");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static interface MyInterface143 {
+        public int hash();
+    }
+
+    static class MyObject143 implements MyInterface143 {
+        public int hash() { return 42; }
+    }
+
+    volatile MyInterface143[] array143 = new MyObject143[1];
+    int len143 = 0;
+
+    volatile int vf = 0;
+
+    // Test that triggers an anti dependency failure when array mark word is loaded from immutable memory
+    @Test
+    public void test143() {
+        MyInterface143[] arr = array143;
+        int tmp = arr.length;
+        for (int i = 0; i < len143; i++) {
+            if (arr[i].hash() > 0) {
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test143")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test143_verifier() {
+        test143();
+    }
+
+    // Same as test143 but with two flat array checks that are unswitched
+    @Test
+    public void test144() {
+        MyInterface143[] arr1 = array143;
+        MyInterface143[] arr2 = array143;
+        int tmp1 = arr1.length;
+        int tmp2 = arr2.length;
+        for (int i = 0; i < len143; i++) {
+            if (arr1[i].hash() > 0 && arr2[i].hash() > 0) {
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test144")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test144_verifier() {
+        test144();
+    }
+
+    // Test that array load slow path correctly initializes non-flattened field of empty value class
+    @Test
+    public Object test145(Object[] array) {
+        return array[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test145")
+    public void test145_verifier() {
+        Object[] array = (EmptyContainer[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(EmptyContainer.class, 1, new EmptyContainer());
+        EmptyContainer empty = (EmptyContainer)test145(array);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(empty, new EmptyContainer());
+    }
+
+    // Test that non-flattened array does not block scalarization
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOOP, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public void test146(boolean b) {
+        MyValue2 vt = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        MyValue2[] array = { vt };
+        if (b) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+                if (array != array) {
+                    array = null;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test146")
+    @Warmup(50000)
+    public void test146_verifier() {
+        test146(true);
+    }
+
+    // Test that non-flattened array does not block scalarization
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOOP, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public int test147(boolean deopt) {
+        // Both vt and array should be scalarized
+        MyValue2 vt = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        MyValue2[] array = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 1, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+
+        // Delay scalarization to after loop opts
+        boolean store = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
+            if (i == 1) {
+                store = true;
+            }
+        }
+        if (store) {
+            array[0] = vt;
+        }
+
+        if (deopt) {
+            // Uncommon trap referencing array
+            return array[0].x + 42;
+        }
+        return array[0].x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test147")
+    @Warmup(50000)
+    public void test147_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int res = test147(!info.isWarmUp());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD).x + (info.isWarmUp() ? 0 : 42));
+    }
+
+    // Test that correct basic types are used when folding field
+    // loads from a scalar replaced array through an arraycopy.
+    @Test
+    public void test148(MyValue1 vt) {
+        MyValue1[] src = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] dst = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        src[0] = vt;
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 1);
+        if (src[0].hash() != dst[0].hash()) {
+          throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected hash");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test148")
+    public void test148_verifier() {
+        test148(MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL));
+    }
+
+    // Abstract class without any value class implementers
+    static abstract class MyAbstract149 {
+        public abstract int get();
+    }
+
+    static class TestClass149 extends MyAbstract149 {
+        final int x;
+
+        public int get() { return x; };
+
+        public TestClass149(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test OSR compilation with array known to be not null-free/flat
+    @Test
+    public int test149(MyAbstract149[] array) {
+        int res = 0;
+        // Trigger OSR compilation
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; ++i) {
+            res += array[i % 10].get();
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test149")
+    public void test149_verifier() {
+        TestClass149[] array = new TestClass149[10];
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            array[i] = new TestClass149(i);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test149(array), 45000);
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test150Value {
+        Object s;
+
+        public Test150Value(String s) {
+            this.s = s;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test that optimizing a checkcast of a load from a flat array works as expected
+    @Test
+    static String test150(String s) {
+        Test150Value[] array = (Test150Value[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Test150Value.class, 1, new Test150Value("test"));
+        array[0] = new Test150Value(s);
+        return (String)array[0].s;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test150")
+    public void test150_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test150("bla"), "bla");
+    }
+
+    static value class Test151Value {
+        byte b;
+        String s;
+
+        Test151Value(byte b, String s) {
+            this.b = b;
+            this.s = s;
+        }
+
+        static final Test151Value DEFAULT = new Test151Value((byte) 1, "hello");
+
+        static final Test151Value[] ARRAY = (Test151Value[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(Test151Value.class, 100, DEFAULT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS,})
+    static Test151Value test151(int i) {
+        return Test151Value.ARRAY[i];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test151")
+    public void test151_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(Test151Value.DEFAULT, test151(rI & 15));
+    }
+
+    // Make sure this can't be flattened
+    static value class MyValue152Inline {
+        long l1 = rL;
+        long l2 = rL;
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue152 {
+        double d = rD;
+
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue152Inline val = new MyValue152Inline(); // Not flat
+    }
+
+    // Test that EA works for null-free arrays
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8350865 Scalar replacement does not work well for flat arrays
+    //@IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+    //    failOn = {ALLOC, ALLOCA})
+    public MyValue152 test152() {
+        MyValue152[] array = (MyValue152[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue152.class, 1, new MyValue152());
+        return array[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test152")
+    public void test152_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test152(), new MyValue152());
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue153 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue152Inline val = new MyValue152Inline(); // Not flat
+    }
+
+    // Same as test152 but triggers a slightly different asserts
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8350865 Scalar replacement does not work well for flat arrays
+    //@IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+    //    failOn = {ALLOC, ALLOCA})
+    public MyValue153 test153() {
+        MyValue153[] array = (MyValue153[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue153.class, 1, new MyValue153());
+        return array[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test153")
+    public void test153_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test153(), new MyValue153());
+    }
+
+    // Same as test152 but triggers an incorrect result
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8350865 Scalar replacement does not work well for flat arrays
+    //@IR(failOn = {ALLOC, ALLOCA_G, LOAD, STORE, TRAP})
+    public double test154() {
+        MyValue152[] array = (MyValue152[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue152.class, 1, new MyValue152());
+        return array[0].d;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test154")
+    public void test154_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test154(), rD);
+    }
+
+    // When accessing into an array, we can speculate on the exact type of the array. If the
+    // speculative assumption holds, we can elide all checks on properties of the array (flatness,
+    // atomicity, nullability).
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "true"},
+        failOn = {IRNode.MEMBAR}, counts = {IRNode.IF, "3"}) // null check, class check, range check
+    static int test155(Test151Value[] a) {
+        return a[0].b;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test155")
+    public void test155_verifier() {
+        test155((Test151Value[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Test151Value.class, 1, Test151Value.DEFAULT));
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static abstract value class BadCastA {}
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class BadCastV1 extends BadCastA {
+        byte a;
+        byte b;
+        byte c;
+        byte d;
+
+        BadCastV1(int i) {
+            a = (byte)i;
+            b = (byte)(i + 1);
+            c = (byte)(i + 2);
+            d = (byte)(i + 3);
+        }
+
+        BadCastV1() {
+            this(1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class BadCastV2 extends BadCastA {
+        byte a;
+        byte b;
+        byte c;
+        byte d;
+
+        BadCastV2(int i) {
+            a = (byte)i;
+            b = (byte)(i + 1);
+            c = (byte)(i + 2);
+            d = (byte)(i + 3);
+        }
+
+        BadCastV2() {
+            this(1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class BadCastV3 {
+        byte a;
+        byte b;
+        byte c;
+        byte d;
+
+        BadCastV3(int i) {
+            a = (byte)i;
+            b = (byte)(i + 1);
+            c = (byte)(i + 2);
+            d = (byte)(i + 3);
+        }
+
+        BadCastV3() {
+            this(1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class BadCastV4 {
+        byte a;
+        byte b;
+        byte c;
+        byte d;
+
+        BadCastV4(int i) {
+            a = (byte)i;
+            b = (byte)(i + 1);
+            c = (byte)(i + 2);
+            d = (byte)(i + 3);
+        }
+
+        BadCastV4() {
+            this(1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static BadCastV1 badCastv1 = new BadCastV1(11);
+    static BadCastV1 badCastv11 =  new BadCastV1(21);
+    static BadCastV2 badCastv2 =  new BadCastV2(31);
+    static BadCastV2 badCastv22 =  new BadCastV2(41);
+    static BadCastV3 badCastv3 = new BadCastV3(11);
+    static BadCastV4 badCastv4 = new BadCastV4(11);
+    static int badCastLen = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+
+    @Test
+    static void testBadCastAbstractArray1(BadCastA[] src, BadCastA[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, badCastLen);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static BadCastA[] testBadCastAbstractArray2(boolean flag, BadCastA[] dst) {
+        BadCastA[] aArr;
+        if (flag) {
+            aArr = (BadCastA[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV1.class, badCastLen, badCastv1);
+        } else {
+            aArr = (BadCastA[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV2.class, badCastLen, badCastv2);
+        }
+        // aArr is flat and null-free. This wrongly skips a check to set "can_be_flat" in GraphKit::get_layout_helper()
+        // because it relies on the old the assumption that a nullable array is never flat.
+        System.arraycopy(aArr, 0, dst, 0, badCastLen);
+        return aArr;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static BadCastA[] testBadCastAbstractArray3(boolean flag,  BadCastA[] src) {
+        BadCastA[] aArr;
+        if (flag) {
+            aArr = (BadCastA[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV1.class, badCastLen, badCastv1);
+        } else {
+            aArr = (BadCastA[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV2.class, badCastLen, badCastv2);
+        }
+
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, aArr, 0, badCastLen);
+        return aArr;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static BadCastA[] testBadCastAbstractArray4(boolean flag) {
+        BadCastA[] aArr;
+        if (flag) {
+            aArr = (BadCastA[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV1.class, badCastLen, badCastv1);
+        } else {
+            aArr = (BadCastA[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV2.class, badCastLen, badCastv2);
+        }
+
+        BadCastA[] aArr2;
+        if (flag) {
+            aArr2 = (BadCastA[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV1.class, badCastLen, badCastv11);
+        } else {
+            aArr2 = (BadCastA[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV2.class, badCastLen, badCastv22);
+        }
+
+        System.arraycopy(aArr, 0, aArr2, 0, badCastLen);
+        return aArr2;
+    }
+
+    // Needs -XX:-ReduceInitialCardMarks to trigger.
+    @Test
+    static BadCastA[] testBadCastAbstractArray5(boolean flag) {
+        BadCastA[] aArr;
+        if (flag) {
+            aArr = (BadCastA[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV1.class, badCastLen, badCastv1);
+        } else {
+            aArr = (BadCastA[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV2.class, badCastLen, badCastv2);
+        }
+
+        return Arrays.copyOf(aArr, badCastLen, BadCastA[].class);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static BadCastA[] testBadCastAbstractArray5a(boolean flag) {
+        BadCastA[] aArr;
+        if (flag) {
+            aArr = (BadCastA[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV1.class, badCastLen, badCastv1);
+        } else {
+            aArr = (BadCastA[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV2.class, badCastLen, badCastv2);
+        }
+
+        return Arrays.copyOfRange(aArr, 0, badCastLen, BadCastA[].class);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static BadCastA[] testBadCastAbstractArray6(boolean flag) {
+        BadCastA[] aArr;
+        Class<? extends BadCastA[]> c;
+        if (flag) {
+            aArr = (BadCastA[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV1.class, badCastLen, badCastv1);
+            c = BadCastV1[].class;
+        } else {
+            aArr = (BadCastA[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV2.class, badCastLen, badCastv2);
+            c = BadCastV2[].class;
+        }
+
+        return Arrays.copyOf(aArr, badCastLen, c);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static BadCastA[] testBadCastAbstractArray6a(boolean flag) {
+        BadCastA[] aArr;
+        Class<? extends BadCastA[]> c;
+        if (flag) {
+            aArr = (BadCastA[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV1.class, badCastLen, badCastv1);
+            c = BadCastV1[].class;
+        } else {
+            aArr = (BadCastA[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV2.class, badCastLen, badCastv2);
+            c = BadCastV2[].class;
+        }
+
+        return Arrays.copyOfRange(aArr, 0, badCastLen, c);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static Object[] testBadCastAbstractArray7(boolean flag) {
+        Object[] oArr;
+        Class<? extends Object[]> c;
+        if (flag) {
+            oArr = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV3.class, badCastLen, badCastv3);
+            c = BadCastV3[].class;
+        } else {
+            oArr = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV4.class, badCastLen, badCastv4);
+            c = BadCastV4[].class;
+        }
+
+        return Arrays.copyOf(oArr, badCastLen, c);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static Object[] testBadCastAbstractArray7a(boolean flag) {
+        Object[] oArr;
+        Class<? extends Object[]> c;
+        if (flag) {
+            oArr = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV3.class, badCastLen, badCastv3);
+            c = BadCastV3[].class;
+        } else {
+            oArr = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV4.class, badCastLen, badCastv4);
+            c = BadCastV4[].class;
+        }
+
+        return Arrays.copyOfRange(oArr, 0, badCastLen, c);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"testBadCastAbstractArray1",
+                 "testBadCastAbstractArray2",
+                 "testBadCastAbstractArray3",
+                 "testBadCastAbstractArray4",
+                 "testBadCastAbstractArray5",
+                 "testBadCastAbstractArray5a",
+                 "testBadCastAbstractArray6",
+                 "testBadCastAbstractArray6a",
+                 "testBadCastAbstractArray7",
+                 "testBadCastAbstractArray7a"})
+    @Warmup(0)
+    static void testBadCastAbstractArray_verifier() {
+        boolean flag = true;
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; i++) {
+            BadCastA[] arrV1 = resetBadCastV1();
+            BadCastA[] arrV11 = resetBadCastV11();
+            BadCastA[] arrV2 = resetBadCastV2();
+            BadCastA[] arrV22 = resetBadCastV22();
+            testBadCastAbstractArray1(arrV1, arrV11);
+            testBadCastAbstractArray1(arrV2, arrV22);
+            for (int j = 0; j < badCastLen; ++j) {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(arrV1[j], arrV11[j]);
+                Asserts.assertEQ(arrV2[j], arrV22[j]);
+            }
+
+            BadCastA[] dst = flag ? resetBadCastV11() : resetBadCastV22();
+            BadCastA[] src = testBadCastAbstractArray2(flag, dst);
+            dst = flag ? arrV1 : arrV2;
+            for (int j = 0; j < badCastLen; ++j) {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(src[j], dst[j]);
+            }
+
+            src = flag ? resetBadCastV1() : resetBadCastV2();
+            dst = testBadCastAbstractArray3(flag, src);
+            for (int j = 0; j < badCastLen; ++j) {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(src[j], dst[j]);
+            }
+
+            dst = testBadCastAbstractArray4(flag);
+            for (int j = 0; j < badCastLen; ++j) {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(src[j], dst[j]);
+            }
+
+            dst = testBadCastAbstractArray5(flag);
+            for (int j = 0; j < badCastLen; ++j) {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(src[j], dst[j]);
+            }
+
+            dst = testBadCastAbstractArray5a(flag);
+            for (int j = 0; j < badCastLen; ++j) {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(src[j], dst[j]);
+            }
+
+            dst = testBadCastAbstractArray6(flag);
+            for (int j = 0; j < badCastLen; ++j) {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(src[j], dst[j]);
+            }
+
+            dst = testBadCastAbstractArray6a(flag);
+            for (int j = 0; j < badCastLen; ++j) {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(src[j], dst[j]);
+            }
+
+            Object[] srcObj = flag ? resetBadCastV3() : resetBadCastV4();
+            Object[] dstObj = testBadCastAbstractArray7(flag);
+            for (int j = 0; j < badCastLen; ++j) {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(srcObj[j], dstObj[j]);
+            }
+
+            dstObj = testBadCastAbstractArray7a(flag);
+            for (int j = 0; j < badCastLen; ++j) {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(srcObj[j], dstObj[j]);
+            }
+            flag = !flag;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static BadCastA[] resetBadCastV1() {
+        return (BadCastA[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV1.class, badCastLen, badCastv1);
+    }
+
+    static BadCastA[] resetBadCastV11() {
+        return (BadCastA[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV1.class, badCastLen, badCastv11);
+    }
+
+    static BadCastA[] resetBadCastV2() {
+        return (BadCastA[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV2.class, badCastLen, badCastv2);
+    }
+
+    static BadCastA[] resetBadCastV22() {
+        return (BadCastA[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV2.class, badCastLen, badCastv22);
+    }
+
+    static Object[] resetBadCastV3() {
+        return ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV3.class, badCastLen, badCastv3);
+    }
+
+    static Object[] resetBadCastV4() {
+        return ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadCastV4.class, badCastLen, badCastv4);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArraysCopyOf.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArraysCopyOf.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a37249a0e36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArraysCopyOf.java
@@ -0,0 +1,387 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8382226
+ * @summary Test Arrays.copyOf with template tests
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class} 0
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8382226
+ * @summary Test Arrays.copyOf with template tests
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 1
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8382226
+ * @summary Test Arrays.copyOf with template tests
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 2
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8382226
+ * @summary Test Arrays.copyOf with template tests
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 3
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8382226
+ * @summary Test Arrays.copyOf with template tests
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 4
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8382226
+ * @summary Test Arrays.copyOf with template tests
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 5
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8382226
+ * @summary Test Arrays.copyOf with template tests
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 6
+ */
+
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.compile_framework.CompileFramework;
+import compiler.lib.generators.Generators;
+import compiler.lib.generators.RestrictableGenerator;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.Scenario;
+import compiler.lib.template_framework.*;
+import compiler.lib.template_framework.library.*;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
+import java.util.function.BiFunction;
+import java.util.function.IntFunction;
+import java.util.stream.IntStream;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.*;
+import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.scope;
+
+public class TestArraysCopyOf {
+    private static final RestrictableGenerator<Integer> RANDOM_LENGTH = Generators.G.ints().restricted(0, 32);
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Scenario[] scenarios = InlineTypes.DEFAULT_SCENARIOS;
+        scenarios[2].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast", "-XX:+StressArrayCopyMacroNode");
+        scenarios[3].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast");
+        scenarios[4].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast");
+        scenarios[5].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast", "-XX:+StressArrayCopyMacroNode");
+
+        String[] flagsForScenario = scenarios[Integer.parseInt(args[0])].getFlags().toArray(new String[0]);
+        CompileFramework comp = new CompileFramework();
+        comp.addJavaSourceCode("compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArraysCopyOfGenerated", generate(comp));
+        comp.compile("--enable-preview", "--source", "28",
+                     "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                     "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                     "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED");
+        comp.invoke("compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArraysCopyOfGenerated", "main",
+                    new Object[]{ flagsForScenario });
+    }
+
+    private record Klass(String name, String definition) {}
+
+    private static String generate(CompileFramework comp) {
+        List<PrimitiveType> primitiveTypes = CodeGenerationDataNameType.PRIMITIVE_TYPES;
+        List<String> primitiveTypeClasses = primitiveTypes.stream()
+                .map(PrimitiveType::name).toList();
+        List<String> instanceAndPrimitiveClasses =
+                new ArrayList<>(CodeGenerationDataNameType.PRIMITIVE_TYPES.stream()
+                                        .map(PrimitiveType::name).toList());
+
+        List<Klass> nonValueClasses = List.of(
+                new Klass("V", "static class V extends AV"),
+                new Klass("W", "static class W"),
+                new Klass("X", "static class X extends A"),
+                new Klass("Y", "static class Y implements I"),
+                new Klass("Z", "static class Z extends AV")
+                                             );
+
+        List<Klass> valueClasses = List.of(
+                new Klass("V1", "static value class V1"),
+                new Klass("V2", "static value class V2 extends AV"),
+                new Klass("V3", "static value class V3 implements I"),
+                new Klass("V4", "@LooselyConsistentValue\nstatic value class V4"),
+                new Klass("V5", "@LooselyConsistentValue\nstatic value class V5 extends AV"),
+                new Klass("V6", "@LooselyConsistentValue\nstatic value class V6 implements I")
+                                          );
+
+        List<Klass> concreteInstanceClasses = new ArrayList<>(nonValueClasses);
+        concreteInstanceClasses.addAll(valueClasses);
+
+        List<Klass> abstractClasses = new ArrayList<>(List.of(
+                new Klass("A", "static abstract class A"),
+                new Klass("AV", "static abstract value class AV")));
+
+        instanceAndPrimitiveClasses.addAll(concreteInstanceClasses.stream().map(Klass::name).toList());
+        instanceAndPrimitiveClasses.addAll(abstractClasses.stream().map(Klass::name).toList());
+        instanceAndPrimitiveClasses.add("void");
+
+        List<?> newValueClassArrayScopes = List.of(
+                scope("(#klass)ValueClass.newReferenceArray(#klass_name.class, length)"),
+                scope("(#klass)ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(#klass_name.class, length)"),
+                scope("(#klass)ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(#klass_name.class, length, #klass_name.init())"),
+                scope("(#klass)ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(#klass_name.class, length, #klass_name.init())"));
+
+        AtomicInteger uniqueIndex = new AtomicInteger(0);
+        var template = Template.make(() -> scope(
+                """
+
+                            static interface I {}
+
+                        """,
+                // Define some classes, each containing primitive type fields.
+                abstractClasses.stream().map(klass -> scope(
+                        let("def", klass.definition()),
+                        let("klass", klass.name()),
+                        """
+
+                            #def {
+                        """,
+                primitiveTypes.stream().map(type -> scope(
+                        let("type", type.name()),
+                        let("con", type.con()),
+                        """
+                                #type _#type = #con;
+                        """)).toList(),
+                        """
+                            }
+                        """)).toList(),
+                concreteInstanceClasses.stream().map(klass -> scope(
+                        let("def", klass.definition()),
+                        let("klass", klass.name()),
+                        """
+
+                            #def {
+                        """,
+                        primitiveTypes.stream().map(type -> scope(
+                        let("type", type.name()),
+                        """
+                                #type _#type;
+                        """)).toList(),
+                        // Constructor
+                        """
+
+                                public #klass(\
+                        """,
+                concat(primitiveTypes, (type, _) -> scope(type.name() + " _" + type.name())),
+                        ") {\n",
+                loop(primitiveTypes, (type, _) -> scope(
+                        let("type", type.name()),
+                        "            this._#type = _#type;\n")),
+                        // Initializer
+                        """
+                                }
+
+                                static #klass init() {
+                                    return new #klass(\
+                        """,
+                concat(primitiveTypes, (type, _) -> scope(type.con())),
+                        ");\n",
+                        """
+                                }
+                            }
+                        """)).toList(),
+                        """
+
+                            static Object[] oArr = new Object[1];
+                        """,
+                // Passing A.class, int.class etc. Should always throw.
+                loop(instanceAndPrimitiveClasses.size(), i -> scope(
+                        let("i", uniqueIndex.getAndIncrement()),
+                        let("klass", instanceAndPrimitiveClasses.get(i)),
+                        let("test", "testNonArrayClass_" + instanceAndPrimitiveClasses.get(i)),
+                        generateTestMethodString(),
+                        """
+
+                            @Run(test = "#test")
+                            public static void run#i() {
+                                try {
+                                    #test(oArr, 1);
+                                    Asserts.fail("Should throw");
+                                } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                                    // expected
+                                }
+                            }
+                        """)),
+                // Passing in primitive type arrays which like int[].class which should throw.
+                loop(primitiveTypeClasses.size(), i -> scope(
+                        let("i", uniqueIndex.getAndIncrement()),
+                        let("klass", primitiveTypeClasses.get(i) + "[]"),
+                        let("test", "testPrimitiveArrayClass_" + primitiveTypeClasses.get(i)),
+                        generateTestMethodString(),
+                        """
+
+                            @Run(test = "#test")
+                            public static void run#i() {
+                                try {
+                                    #test(oArr, 1);
+                                    Asserts.fail("Should throw");
+                                } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+                                    // expected
+                                }
+                            }
+                        """)),
+                // Normal tests with non-primitive type arrays.
+                loop(concreteInstanceClasses.size(), i -> scope(
+                        let("i", uniqueIndex.getAndIncrement()),
+                        let("klass_name", concreteInstanceClasses.get(i).name()),
+                        let("klass", concreteInstanceClasses.get(i).name() + "[]"),
+                        let("test", "testInstanceArrayClass_" + concreteInstanceClasses.get(i).name()),
+                        let("length", RANDOM_LENGTH.next()),
+                        generateTestMethodString(),
+                        """
+
+                            @Run(test = "#test")
+                            public static void run#i() {
+                                int length = #length;
+                                #klass arr = new #klass_name[length];
+                                #klass golden = new #klass_name[length];
+                                for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+                                    arr[i] = #klass_name.init();
+                                    golden[i] = #klass_name.init();
+                                }
+
+                                #klass res = (#klass)#test(arr, length);
+
+                                for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+                                    Verify.checkEQ(res[i], golden[i]);
+                                }
+                            }
+                        """)),
+                // Normal tests with value class arrays.
+                loop(newValueClassArrayScopes, (init, i) -> scope(
+                        let("i", uniqueIndex.getAndIncrement()),
+                        let("klass_name", valueClasses.get(i).name()),
+                        let("klass", valueClasses.get(i).name() + "[]"),
+                        let("test", "testValueArrayClass_" + valueClasses.get(i).name()),
+                        let("length", RANDOM_LENGTH.next()),
+                        generateTestMethodString(),
+                        """
+
+                            @Run(test = "#test")
+                            public static void run#i() {
+                                int length = #length;
+                        """,
+                        "       #klass arr =", init, ";\n",
+                        "       #klass golden =", init, ";\n",
+                        """
+
+                                #klass res = (#klass)#test(arr, length);
+
+                                for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+                                    Asserts.assertEQ(res[i], golden[i]);
+                                }
+                            }
+                        """))
+        ));
+
+        return TestFrameworkClass.render("compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes",
+                                         "TestArraysCopyOfGenerated",
+                                         Set.of("jdk.test.lib.Asserts",
+                                                "java.util.Arrays",
+                                                "compiler.lib.verify.Verify",
+                                                "jdk.internal.value.ValueClass",
+                                                "jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue"),
+                                         comp.getEscapedClassPathOfCompiledClasses(),
+                                         List.of(template.asToken())
+                                        );
+    }
+
+    static String generateTestMethodString() {
+        return  """
+
+                    @Test
+                    public static Object #test(Object[] arr, int length) {
+                        Class c = #klass.class;
+                        return Arrays.copyOf(arr, length, c);
+                    }
+                """;
+    }
+
+    static List<ScopeToken> loop(int limit, IntFunction<ScopeToken> function) {
+        return IntStream.range(0, limit)
+                .mapToObj(function)
+                .toList();
+    }
+
+    static <T> List<ScopeToken> loop(List<T> items, BiFunction<T, Integer, ScopeToken> function) {
+        return IntStream.range(0, items.size())
+                .mapToObj(i -> function.apply(items.get(i), i))
+                .toList();
+    }
+
+    static <T> List<ScopeToken> concat(List<T> items, BiFunction<T, Integer, ScopeToken> function) {
+        return IntStream.range(0, items.size())
+                .boxed()
+                .flatMap(i -> {
+                    ScopeToken token = function.apply(items.get(i), i);
+                    return i == items.size() - 1 ?
+                            Stream.of(token) :
+                            Stream.of(token, scope(", "));
+                })
+                .toList();
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestBasicFunctionality.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestBasicFunctionality.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ebab0a1052b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestBasicFunctionality.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1338 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.*;
+
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOOP;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.PREDICATE_TRAP;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.SCOPE_OBJECT;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @bug 8327695
+ * @summary Test the basic value class implementation in C2.
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 0
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @bug 8327695
+ * @summary Test the basic value class implementation in C2.
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 1
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @bug 8327695
+ * @summary Test the basic value class implementation in C2.
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 2
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @bug 8327695
+ * @summary Test the basic value class implementation in C2.
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 3
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @bug 8327695
+ * @summary Test the basic value class implementation in C2.
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 4
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @bug 8327695
+ * @summary Test the basic value class implementation in C2.
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 5
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @bug 8327695
+ * @summary Test the basic value class implementation in C2.
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 6
+ */
+
+@ForceCompileClassInitializer
+public class TestBasicFunctionality {
+
+    public TestBasicFunctionality() {
+        val3 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        InlineTypes.getFramework()
+                   .addScenarios(InlineTypes.DEFAULT_SCENARIOS[Integer.parseInt(args[0])])
+                   .addHelperClasses(MyValue1.class,
+                                     MyValue2.class,
+                                     MyValue2Inline.class,
+                                     MyValue3.class,
+                                     MyValue3Inline.class)
+                   .start();
+    }
+
+    protected long hash() {
+        return hash(rI, rL);
+    }
+
+    protected long hash(int x, long y) {
+        return MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(x, y).hash();
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    static void call() {}
+
+    // Receive value class through call to interpreter
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test1() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        return v.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test1")
+    public void test1_verifier() {
+        long result = test1();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, hash());
+    }
+
+    // Receive value object from interpreter via parameter
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test2(MyValue1 v) {
+        return v.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test2")
+    public void test2_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        long result = test2(v);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, hash());
+    }
+
+    // Return incoming value object without accessing fields
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
+        counts = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "= 1"},
+// TODO: JDK-8380875
+//                STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, "= 19"},
+        failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public MyValue1 test3(MyValue1 v) {
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test3")
+    public void test3_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 v1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1 v2 = test3(v1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v1.x, v2.x);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v1.y, v2.y);
+    }
+
+    // Create a value object in compiled code and only use fields.
+    // Allocation should go away because value object does not escape.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test4() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        return v.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test4")
+    public void test4_verifier() {
+        long result = test4();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, hash());
+    }
+
+    // Create a value object in compiled code and pass it to
+    // an inlined compiled method via a call.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test5() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        return test5Inline(v);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public long test5Inline(MyValue1 v) {
+        return v.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test5")
+    public void test5_verifier() {
+        long result = test5();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, hash());
+    }
+
+    // Create a value object in compiled code and pass it to
+    // the interpreter via a call.
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
+        counts = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "<= 1"}, // 1 MyValue2 allocation (if not the all-zero value)
+        failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false"},
+        counts = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "<= 2"}, // 1 MyValue1 and 1 MyValue2 allocation (if not the all-zero value)
+        failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test6() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        // Pass to interpreter
+        return v.hashInterpreted();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test6")
+    public void test6_verifier() {
+        long result = test6();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, hash());
+    }
+
+    // Create a value object in compiled code and pass it to
+    // the interpreter by returning.
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "<= 2"},
+        failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public MyValue1 test7(int x, long y) {
+        return MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(x, y);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test7")
+    public void test7_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 v = test7(rI, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v.hash(), hash());
+    }
+
+    // Merge value objects created from two branches
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP}, phase = CompilePhase.BEFORE_MACRO_EXPANSION)
+    public long test8(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 v;
+        if (b) {
+            v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        } else {
+            v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + 1, rL + 1);
+        }
+        return v.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test8")
+    public void test8_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test8(true), hash());
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test8(false), hash(rI + 1, rL + 1));
+    }
+
+static MyValue1 tmp = null;
+    // Merge value objects created from two branches
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8380875, 8384979
+    // @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
+    //     counts = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "= 1", LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, "= 19", STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, "= 3"},
+    //     failOn = {UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    // @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false"},
+    //     counts = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "= 2", STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, "= 19"},
+    //     failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public MyValue1 test9(boolean b, int localrI, long localrL) {
+        MyValue1 v;
+        if (b) {
+            // Value object is not allocated
+            // Do not use rI/rL directly here as null values may cause
+            // some redundant null initializations to be optimized out
+            // and matching to fail.
+            v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(localrI, localrL);
+            v.hashInterpreted();
+        } else {
+            // Value object is allocated by the callee
+            v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + 1, rL + 1);
+        }
+        // Need to allocate value object if 'b' is true
+        long sum = v.hashInterpreted();
+        if (b) {
+            v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, sum);
+        } else {
+            v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, sum + 1);
+        }
+        // Don't need to allocate value object because both branches allocate
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test9")
+    public void test9_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 v = test9(true, rI, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v.x, rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v.y, hash());
+        v = test9(false, rI, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v.x, rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v.y, hash(rI + 1, rL + 1) + 1);
+    }
+
+    // Merge value objects created in a loop (not inlined)
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test10(int x, long y) {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(x, y);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(v.x + 1, v.y + 1);
+        }
+        return v.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test10")
+    public void test10_verifier() {
+        long result = test10(rI, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, hash(rI + 10, rL + 10));
+    }
+
+    // Merge value objects created in a loop (inlined)
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test11(int x, long y) {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(x, y);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(v.x + 1, v.y + 1);
+        }
+        return v.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test11")
+    public void test11_verifier() {
+        long result = test11(rI, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, hash(rI + 10, rL + 10));
+    }
+
+    // Test loop with uncommon trap referencing a value object
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        failOn = LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS,
+        counts = {SCOPE_OBJECT, ">= 1"})
+    public long test12(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, Math.abs(rI) % 10, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < va.length; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        long result = rL;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
+            if (b) {
+                result += v.x;
+            } else {
+                // Uncommon trap referencing v. We delegate allocation to the
+                // interpreter by adding a SafePointScalarObjectNode.
+                result = v.hashInterpreted();
+                for (int j = 0; j < va.length; ++j) {
+                    result += va[j].hash();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test12")
+    public void test12_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        // Disable OSR compilation prevents the method from getting recompiled because the IR rules
+        // expect all loads moved into the uncommon trap, which is not the case when the method get
+        // recompiled and the path that was unreached before is now compiled
+        WhiteBox.getWhiteBox().makeMethodNotCompilable(info.getTest(), CompLevel.C2.getValue(), true);
+        long result = test12(info.isWarmUp());
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, info.isWarmUp() ? rL + (1000 * rI) : ((Math.abs(rI) % 10) + 1) * hash());
+    }
+
+    // Test loop with uncommon trap referencing a value object
+    @Test
+    public long test13(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, Math.abs(rI) % 10, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < va.length; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        long result = rL;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
+            if (b) {
+                result += v.x;
+            } else {
+                // Uncommon trap referencing v. Should not allocate
+                // but just pass the existing oop to the uncommon trap.
+                result = v.hashInterpreted();
+                for (int j = 0; j < va.length; ++j) {
+                    result += va[j].hashInterpreted();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test13")
+    public void test13_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        long result = test13(info.isWarmUp());
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, info.isWarmUp() ? rL + (1000 * rI) : ((Math.abs(rI) % 10) + 1) * hash());
+    }
+
+    // Create a value object in a non-inlined method and then call a
+    // non-inlined method on that value object.
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP},
+        counts = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, "= 19"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test14() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        return v.hashInterpreted();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test14")
+    public void test14_verifier() {
+        long result = test14();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, hash());
+    }
+
+    // Create a value object in an inlined method and then call a
+    // non-inlined method on that value object.
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
+        failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP},
+        counts = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "<= 1"}) // 1 MyValue2 allocation (if not the all-zero value)
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false"},
+        failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP},
+        counts = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "<= 2"}) // 1 MyValue1 and 1 MyValue2 allocation (if not the all-zero value)
+    public long test15() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        return v.hashInterpreted();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test15")
+    public void test15_verifier() {
+        long result = test15();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, hash());
+    }
+
+    // Create a value object in a non-inlined method and then call an
+    // inlined method on that value object.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test16() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        return v.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test16")
+    public void test16_verifier() {
+        long result = test16();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, hash());
+    }
+
+    // Create a value object in an inlined method and then call an
+    // inlined method on that value object.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test17() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        return v.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test17")
+    public void test17_verifier() {
+        long result = test17();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, hash());
+    }
+
+    // Create a value object in compiled code and pass it to the
+    // interpreter via a call. The value object is live at the first call so
+    // debug info should include a reference to all its fields.
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
+        counts = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "<= 1"}, // 1 MyValue2 allocation (if not the all-zero value)
+        failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false"},
+        counts = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "<= 2"}, // 1 MyValue1 and 1 MyValue2 allocation (if not the all-zero value)
+        failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test18() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        v.hashInterpreted();
+        return v.hashInterpreted();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test18")
+    public void test18_verifier() {
+        long result = test18();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, hash());
+    }
+
+    // Create a value object in compiled code and pass it to the
+    // interpreter via a call. The value object is passed twice but
+    // should only be allocated once.
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
+        counts = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "<= 1"}, // 1 MyValue2 allocation (if not the all-zero value)
+        failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false"},
+        counts = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "<= 2"}, // 1 MyValue1 and 1 MyValue2 allocation (if not the all-zero value)
+        failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test19() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        return sumValue(v, v);
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    public long sumValue(MyValue1 v, MyValue1 dummy) {
+        return v.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test19")
+    public void test19_verifier() {
+        long result = test19();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, hash());
+    }
+
+    // Create a value type (array) in compiled code and pass it to the
+    // interpreter via a call. The value object is live at the uncommon
+    // trap: verify that deoptimization causes the value object to be
+    // correctly allocated.
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
+        counts = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "<= 1"}, // 1 MyValue2 allocation (if not the all-zero value)
+        failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    // TODO 8350865
+    //@IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false"},
+    //    counts = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "<= 2"}, // 1 MyValue1 and 1 MyValue2 allocation (if not the all-zero value)
+    //    failOn = LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS)
+    public long test20(boolean deopt, Method m) {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue2[] va = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 3, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        if (deopt) {
+            // uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+
+        return v.hashInterpreted() + va[0].hashInterpreted() +
+               va[1].hashInterpreted() + va[2].hashInterpreted();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test20")
+    public void test20_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2[] va = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 42, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        long result = test20(!info.isWarmUp(), info.getTest());
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, hash() + va[0].hash() + va[1].hash() + va[2].hash());
+    }
+
+    // Value class fields in regular object
+    MyValue1 val1;
+    MyValue2 val2;
+    @NullRestricted
+    final MyValue1 val3;
+    @NullRestricted
+    static MyValue1 val4 = MyValue1.DEFAULT;
+    @NullRestricted
+    static final MyValue1 val5 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+
+    // Test value class fields in objects
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "= 4"}, failOn = {UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test21(int x, long y) {
+        // Compute hash of value class fields
+        long result = val1.hash() + val2.hash() + val3.hash() + val4.hash() + val5.hash();
+        // Update fields
+        val1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(x, y);
+        val2 = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(x, rD);
+        val4 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(x, y);
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test21")
+    public void test21_verifier() {
+        // Check if hash computed by test18 is correct
+        val1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        val2 = val1.v2;
+        // val3 is initialized in the constructor
+        val4 = val1;
+        // val5 is initialized in the static initializer
+        long hash = val1.hash() + val2.hash() + val3.hash() + val4.hash() + val5.hash();
+        long result = test21(rI + 1, rL + 1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, hash);
+        // Check if value class fields were updated
+        Asserts.assertEQ(val1.hash(), hash(rI + 1, rL + 1));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(val2.hash(), MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI + 1, rD).hash());
+        Asserts.assertEQ(val4.hash(), hash(rI + 1, rL + 1));
+    }
+
+    // Test folding of constant value class fields
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, LOOP, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test22() {
+        // This should be constant folded
+        return val5.hash() + val5.v3.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test22")
+    public void test22_verifier() {
+        long result = test22();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, val5.hash() + val5.v3.hash());
+    }
+
+    // Test value class initialization
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, LOOP, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test23() {
+        MyValue2 v = MyValue2.createDefaultInline();
+        return v.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test23")
+    public void test23_verifier() {
+        long result = test23();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, MyValue2.createDefaultInline().hash());
+    }
+
+    // Test value class initialization
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, LOOP, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test24() {
+        MyValue1 v1 = MyValue1.createDefaultInline();
+        MyValue1 v2 = MyValue1.createDefaultDontInline();
+        return v1.hashPrimitive() + v2.hashPrimitive();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test24")
+    public void test24_verifier() {
+        long result = test24();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, 2 * MyValue1.createDefaultInline().hashPrimitive());
+    }
+
+    // Test field initialization
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, LOOP, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test25() {
+        MyValue2 v = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        return v.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test25")
+    public void test25_verifier() {
+        long result = test25();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD).hash());
+    }
+
+    // Test field initialization
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, LOOP, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test26() {
+        MyValue1 v1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1 v2 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        return v1.hash() + v2.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test26")
+    public void test26_verifier() {
+        long result = test26();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, 2 * hash());
+    }
+
+    class TestClass27 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public MyValue1 v;
+
+        TestClass27() {
+            v = MyValue1.DEFAULT;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test allocation elimination of unused object with initialized value class field
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, LOOP})
+    public void test27(boolean deopt, Method m) {
+        TestClass27 unused = new TestClass27();
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        unused.v = v;
+        if (deopt) {
+            // uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test27")
+    public void test27_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test27(!info.isWarmUp(), info.getTest());
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    static MyValue3 staticVal3 = MyValue3.DEFAULT;
+    @NullRestricted
+    static MyValue3 staticVal3_copy = MyValue3.DEFAULT;
+
+    // Check elimination of redundant value class allocations
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "= 1"})
+    public MyValue3 test28(MyValue3[] va) {
+        // Create value object and force allocation
+        MyValue3 vt = MyValue3.create();
+        va[0] = vt;
+        staticVal3 = vt;
+        vt.verify(staticVal3);
+
+        // Value object is now allocated, make a copy and force allocation.
+        // Because copy is equal to vt, C2 should remove this redundant allocation.
+        MyValue3 copy = MyValue3.setC(vt, vt.c);
+        va[0] = copy;
+        staticVal3_copy = copy;
+        copy.verify(staticVal3_copy);
+        return copy;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test28")
+    public void test28_verifier() {
+        MyValue3[] va = (MyValue3[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue3.class, 1, MyValue3.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue3 vt = test28(va);
+        staticVal3.verify(vt);
+        staticVal3.verify(va[0]);
+        staticVal3_copy.verify(vt);
+        staticVal3_copy.verify(va[0]);
+    }
+
+    // Verify that only dominating allocations are re-used
+    @Test
+    public MyValue3 test29(boolean warmup) {
+        MyValue3 vt = MyValue3.create();
+        if (warmup) {
+            staticVal3 = vt; // Force allocation
+        }
+        // Force allocation to verify that above
+        // non-dominating allocation is not re-used
+        MyValue3 copy = MyValue3.setC(vt, vt.c);
+        staticVal3_copy = copy;
+        copy.verify(vt);
+        return copy;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test29")
+    public void test29_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue3 vt = test29(info.isWarmUp());
+        if (info.isWarmUp()) {
+            staticVal3.verify(vt);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Verify that C2 recognizes value class loads and re-uses the oop to avoid allocations
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public MyValue3 test30() {
+        // C2 can re-use the oop of staticVal3 because staticVal3 is equal to copy
+        MyValue3[] va = (MyValue3[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue3.class, 1, MyValue3.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue3 copy = MyValue3.copy(staticVal3);
+        va[0] = copy;
+        copy.verify(va[0]);
+        staticVal3 = copy;
+        copy.verify(staticVal3);
+        return copy;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test30")
+    public void test30_verifier() {
+        staticVal3 = MyValue3.create();
+        MyValue3 vt = test30();
+        staticVal3.verify(vt);
+    }
+
+    // Verify that C2 recognizes value class loads and re-uses the oop to avoid allocations
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public MyValue3 test31() {
+        // C2 can re-use the oop returned by createDontInline()
+        // because the corresponding value object is equal to 'copy'.
+        MyValue3[] va = (MyValue3[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue3.class, 1, MyValue3.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue3 copy = MyValue3.copy(MyValue3.createDontInline());
+        va[0] = copy;
+        copy.verify(va[0]);
+        staticVal3 = copy;
+        copy.verify(staticVal3);
+        return copy;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test31")
+    public void test31_verifier() {
+        MyValue3 vt = test31();
+        staticVal3.verify(vt);
+    }
+
+    // Verify that C2 recognizes value class loads and re-uses the oop to avoid allocations
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public MyValue3 test32(MyValue3 vt) {
+        // C2 can re-use the oop of vt because vt is equal to 'copy'.
+        MyValue3[] va = (MyValue3[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue3.class, 1, MyValue3.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue3 copy = MyValue3.copy(vt);
+        va[0] = copy;
+        copy.verify(vt);
+        staticVal3 = copy;
+        copy.verify(staticVal3);
+        return copy;
+    }
+
+    @Warmup(value=10000)
+    @Run(test = "test32")
+    public void test32_verifier() {
+        MyValue3 vt = MyValue3.create();
+        MyValue3 result = test32(vt);
+        staticVal3.verify(vt);
+        result.verify(vt);
+    }
+
+    // Test correct identification of value object copies
+    @Test
+    public MyValue3 test33() {
+        MyValue3[] va = (MyValue3[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue3.class, 1, MyValue3.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue3 vt = MyValue3.copy(staticVal3);
+        vt = MyValue3.setI(vt, vt.c);
+        // vt is not equal to staticVal3, so C2 should not re-use the oop
+        va[0] = vt;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(va[0].i, (int)vt.c);
+        staticVal3 = vt;
+        vt.verify(staticVal3);
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test33")
+    public void test33_verifier() {
+        staticVal3 = MyValue3.create();
+        MyValue3 vt = test33();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(staticVal3.i, (int)staticVal3.c);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt.i, (int)staticVal3.c);
+    }
+
+    static final MyValue3[] test34Array = (MyValue3[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue3.class, 2, MyValue3.DEFAULT);
+
+    // Verify that the all-zero value class is never allocated.
+    // C2 code should load and use the all-zero oop from the java mirror.
+    @Test
+    // The concept of a pre-allocated "all-zero value" was removed.
+    // @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+    //     failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, LOOP, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public MyValue3 test34() {
+        // Explicitly create all-zero value
+        MyValue3 vt = MyValue3.createDefault();
+        test34Array[0] = vt;
+        staticVal3 = vt;
+        vt.verify(vt);
+
+        // Load all-zero value from uninitialized value class array
+        MyValue3[] dva = (MyValue3[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue3.class, 1, MyValue3.DEFAULT);
+        staticVal3_copy = dva[0];
+        test34Array[1] = dva[0];
+        dva[0].verify(dva[0]);
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test34")
+    public void test34_verifier() {
+        MyValue3 vt = MyValue3.createDefault();
+        test34Array[0] = MyValue3.create();
+        test34Array[1] = MyValue3.create();
+        MyValue3 res = test34();
+        res.verify(vt);
+        staticVal3.verify(vt);
+        staticVal3_copy.verify(vt);
+        test34Array[0].verify(vt);
+        test34Array[1].verify(vt);
+    }
+
+    static final MyValue3[] test35Array = (MyValue3[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue3.class, 1, MyValue3.DEFAULT);
+
+    // Same as above but manually initialize value class fields to all-zero.
+    @Test
+    // The concept of a pre-allocated "all-zero value" was removed.
+    // @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+    //     failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, LOOP, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public MyValue3 test35(MyValue3 vt) {
+        vt = MyValue3.setC(vt, (char)0);
+        vt = MyValue3.setBB(vt, (byte)0);
+        vt = MyValue3.setS(vt, (short)0);
+        vt = MyValue3.setI(vt, 0);
+        vt = MyValue3.setL(vt, 0);
+        vt = MyValue3.setO(vt, null);
+        vt = MyValue3.setF1(vt, 0);
+        vt = MyValue3.setF2(vt, 0);
+        vt = MyValue3.setF3(vt, 0);
+        vt = MyValue3.setF4(vt, 0);
+        vt = MyValue3.setF5(vt, 0);
+        vt = MyValue3.setF6(vt, 0);
+        vt = MyValue3.setV1(vt, MyValue3Inline.createDefault());
+        test35Array[0] = vt;
+        staticVal3 = vt;
+        vt.verify(vt);
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test35")
+    public void test35_verifier() {
+        MyValue3 vt = MyValue3.createDefault();
+        test35Array[0] = MyValue3.create();
+        MyValue3 res = test35(test35Array[0]);
+        res.verify(vt);
+        staticVal3.verify(vt);
+        test35Array[0].verify(vt);
+    }
+
+    // Merge value objects created from two branches
+
+    private Object test36_helper(Object v) {
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test36(boolean b) {
+        Object o;
+        if (b) {
+            o = test36_helper(MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL));
+        } else {
+            o = test36_helper(MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + 1, rL + 1));
+        }
+        MyValue1 v = (MyValue1)o;
+        return v.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test36")
+    public void test36_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test36(true), hash());
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test36(false), hash(rI + 1, rL + 1));
+    }
+
+    // Test correct loading of flattened fields
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    value class Test37Value2 {
+        int x = 0;
+        int y = 0;
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    value class Test37Value1 {
+        double d = 0;
+        float f = 0;
+        @NullRestricted
+        Test37Value2 v = new Test37Value2();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Test37Value1 test37(Test37Value1 vt) {
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test37")
+    public void test37_verifier() {
+        Test37Value1 vt = new Test37Value1();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test37(vt), vt);
+    }
+
+    // Test elimination of value class allocations without a unique CheckCastPP
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test38Value {
+        public int i;
+        public Test38Value(int i) { this.i = i; }
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    static Test38Value test38Field = new Test38Value(0);
+
+    @Test
+    public void test38() {
+        for (int i = 3; i < 100; ++i) {
+            int j = 1;
+            while (++j < 11) {
+                try {
+                    test38Field = new Test38Value(i);
+                } catch (ArithmeticException ae) { }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test38")
+    public void test38_verifier() {
+        test38Field = new Test38Value(0);
+        test38();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test38Field, new Test38Value(99));
+    }
+
+    // Tests split if with value class Phi users
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test39Value {
+        public int iFld1;
+        public int iFld2;
+
+        public Test39Value(int i1, int i2) { iFld1 = i1; iFld2 = i2; }
+    }
+
+    static int test39A1[][] = new int[400][400];
+    static double test39A2[] = new double[400];
+    @NullRestricted
+    static Test39Value test39Val = new Test39Value(0, 0);
+
+    @DontInline
+    public int[] getArray() {
+        return new int[400];
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public int test39() {
+        int result = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
+            switch ((i >>> 1) % 3) {
+                case 0:
+                    test39A1[i][i] = i;
+                    break;
+                case 1:
+                    for (int j = 0; j < 100; ++j) {
+                        test39A1[i] = getArray();
+                        test39Val = new Test39Value(j, test39Val.iFld2);
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 2:
+                    for (float f = 142; f > i; f--) {
+                        test39A2[i + 1] += 3;
+                    }
+                    result += test39Val.iFld1;
+                    break;
+            }
+            double d1 = 1;
+            while (++d1 < 142) {
+                test39A1[(i >>> 1) % 400][i + 1] = result;
+                test39Val = new Test39Value(i, test39Val.iFld2);
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test39")
+    @Warmup(10)
+    public void test39_verifier() {
+        int result = test39();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, 1552);
+    }
+
+    // Test scalar replacement of value class array containing value class with oop fields
+    @Test
+    public long test40(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1[] va = {MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL)};
+        long result = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
+            if (!b) {
+                result = va[0].hash();
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test40")
+    public void test40_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        long result = test40(info.isWarmUp());
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, info.isWarmUp() ? 0 : hash());
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue41 {
+        int x;
+
+        public MyValue41(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+
+        static MyValue41 make() {
+            return new MyValue41(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static MyValue41 field41;
+
+    // Test detection of value object copies and removal of the MemBarRelease following the value buffer initialization
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public void test41(MyValue41 val) {
+        field41 = new MyValue41(val.x);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test41")
+    public void test41_verifier() {
+        MyValue41 val = new MyValue41(rI);
+        test41(val);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(field41, val);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public void test42_helper(MyValue41 val) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(val, new MyValue41(rI));
+    }
+
+    // Same as test41 but with call argument requiring buffering
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public void test42(MyValue41 val) {
+        test42_helper(new MyValue41(val.x));
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test42")
+    public void test42_verifier() {
+        MyValue41 val = new MyValue41(rI);
+        test42(val);
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue42 {
+        int x;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        MyValue42(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+            call();
+            super();
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        static Object make(int x) {
+            return new MyValue42(x);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public MyValue42 test43(int x) {
+        return (MyValue42) MyValue42.make(x);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test43")
+    public void test43_verifier() {
+        MyValue42 v = test43(rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(rI, v.x);
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue43 {
+        int x;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        MyValue43(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+            super();
+            call();
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        static Object make(int x) {
+            return new MyValue43(x);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public MyValue43 test44(int x) {
+        return (MyValue43) MyValue43.make(x);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test44")
+    public void test44_verifier() {
+        MyValue43 v = test44(rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(rI, v.x);
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue45 {
+        Integer v;
+
+        MyValue45(Integer v) {
+            this.v = v;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue45ValueHolder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue45 v;
+
+        MyValue45ValueHolder(Integer v) {
+            this.v = new MyValue45(v);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue45Holder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue45 v;
+
+        MyValue45Holder(Integer v) {
+            this.v = new MyValue45(v);
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8357580 more aggressive flattening
+    // @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseFieldFlattening", "true", "UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening", "true"}, counts = {IRNode.LOAD_I, "1", IRNode.LOAD_B, "1"})
+    public Integer test45(Object arg) {
+        return ((MyValue45ValueHolder) arg).v.v;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test45")
+    public void test45_verifier() {
+        Integer v = null;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test45(new MyValue45ValueHolder(v)), v);
+        v = rI;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test45(new MyValue45ValueHolder(v)), v);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8357580 more aggressive flattening
+    // @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseFieldFlattening", "true", "UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening", "true"}, counts = {IRNode.LOAD_L, "1"})
+    // @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseFieldFlattening", "true", "UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening", "true"}, failOn = {IRNode.LOAD_I, IRNode.LOAD_B})
+    public Integer test46(Object arg) {
+        return ((MyValue45Holder) arg).v.v;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test46")
+    public void test46_verifier() {
+        Integer v = null;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test46(new MyValue45Holder(v)), v);
+        v = rI;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test46(new MyValue45Holder(v)), v);
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue47 {
+        byte b1;
+        byte b2;
+
+        MyValue47(byte b1, byte b2) {
+            this.b1 = b1;
+            this.b2 = b2;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue47Holder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue47 v;
+
+        MyValue47Holder(int v) {
+            byte b1 = (byte) v;
+            byte b2 = (byte) (v >>> 8);
+            this.v = new MyValue47(b1, b2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue47HolderHolder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue47Holder v;
+
+        MyValue47HolderHolder(MyValue47Holder v) {
+            this.v = v;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseFieldFlattening", "true", "UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening", "true"}, counts = {IRNode.LOAD_S, "1"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseFieldFlattening", "true", "UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening", "true"}, failOn = {IRNode.LOAD_B})
+    public MyValue47Holder test47(MyValue47HolderHolder arg) {
+        return arg.v;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test47")
+    public void test47_verifier() {
+        MyValue47Holder v = new MyValue47Holder(rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test47(new MyValue47HolderHolder(v)), v);
+    }
+
+    static final MyValue47Holder[] MY_VALUE_47_HOLDERS = (MyValue47Holder[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyValue47Holder.class, 2, new MyValue47Holder(rI));
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseFieldFlattening", "true", "UseArrayFlattening", "true", "UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening", "true"}, counts = {IRNode.LOAD_S, "1"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseFieldFlattening", "true", "UseArrayFlattening", "true", "UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening", "true"}, failOn = {IRNode.LOAD_B})
+    public MyValue47Holder test48() {
+        return MY_VALUE_47_HOLDERS[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test48")
+    public void test48_verifier() {
+        MyValue47Holder v = new MyValue47Holder(rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test48(), v);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestBimorphicInlining.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestBimorphicInlining.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fafa684d89c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestBimorphicInlining.java
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.util.Random;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @bug 8209009
+ * @summary Test bimorphic inlining with value object receivers.
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:TypeProfileLevel=222
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestBimorphicInlining::test*
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=quiet -XX:CompileCommand=print,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestBimorphicInlining::test*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestBimorphicInlining
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:TypeProfileLevel=222
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:PerMethodTrapLimit=0 -XX:PerMethodSpecTrapLimit=0
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestBimorphicInlining::test*
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=quiet -XX:CompileCommand=print,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestBimorphicInlining::test*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestBimorphicInlining
+ */
+
+interface MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining {
+    public MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining hash(MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining arg);
+}
+
+value class TestValue1BimorphicInlining implements MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining {
+    int x;
+
+    public TestValue1BimorphicInlining(int x) {
+        this.x = x;
+    }
+
+    public TestValue1BimorphicInlining hash(MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining arg) {
+        return new TestValue1BimorphicInlining(x + ((TestValue1BimorphicInlining)arg).x);
+    }
+}
+
+value class TestValue2BimorphicInlining implements MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining {
+    int x;
+
+    public TestValue2BimorphicInlining(int x) {
+        this.x = x;
+    }
+
+    public TestValue2BimorphicInlining hash(MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining arg) {
+        return new TestValue2BimorphicInlining(x + ((TestValue2BimorphicInlining)arg).x);
+    }
+}
+
+class TestClassBimorphicInlining implements MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining {
+    int x;
+
+    public TestClassBimorphicInlining(int x) {
+        this.x = x;
+    }
+
+    public MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining hash(MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining arg) {
+        return new TestClassBimorphicInlining(x + ((TestClassBimorphicInlining)arg).x);
+    }
+}
+
+public class TestBimorphicInlining {
+
+    public static MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining test1(MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining i1, MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining i2) {
+        MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining result = i1.hash(i2);
+        i1.hash(i2);
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public static MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining test2(MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining i1, MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining i2) {
+        MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining result = i1.hash(i2);
+        i1.hash(i2);
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public static MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining test3(MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining i1, MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining i2) {
+        MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining result = i1.hash(i2);
+        i1.hash(i2);
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public static MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining test4(MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining i1, MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining i2) {
+        MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining result = i1.hash(i2);
+        i1.hash(i2);
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    static public void main(String[] args) {
+        Random rand = new Random();
+        TestClassBimorphicInlining  testObject = new TestClassBimorphicInlining(rand.nextInt());
+        TestValue1BimorphicInlining TestValue1BimorphicInlining = new TestValue1BimorphicInlining(rand.nextInt());
+        TestValue2BimorphicInlining TestValue2BimorphicInlining = new TestValue2BimorphicInlining(rand.nextInt());
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; ++i) {
+            // Trigger bimorphic inlining by calling test methods with different arguments
+            MyInterfaceBimorphicInlining arg, res;
+            boolean rare = (i % 10 == 0);
+
+            arg = rare ? TestValue1BimorphicInlining : testObject;
+            res = test1(arg, arg);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(rare ? ((TestValue1BimorphicInlining)res).x : ((TestClassBimorphicInlining)res).x, 2 * (rare ? TestValue1BimorphicInlining.x : testObject.x), "test1 failed");
+
+            arg = rare ? testObject : TestValue1BimorphicInlining;
+            res = test2(arg, arg);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(rare ? ((TestClassBimorphicInlining)res).x : ((TestValue1BimorphicInlining)res).x, 2 * (rare ? testObject.x : TestValue1BimorphicInlining.x), "test2 failed");
+
+            arg = rare ? TestValue1BimorphicInlining : TestValue2BimorphicInlining;
+            res = test3(arg, arg);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(rare ? ((TestValue1BimorphicInlining)res).x : ((TestValue2BimorphicInlining)res).x, 2 * (rare ? TestValue1BimorphicInlining.x : TestValue2BimorphicInlining.x), "test3 failed");
+
+            arg = rare ? TestValue2BimorphicInlining : TestValue1BimorphicInlining;
+            res = test4(arg, arg);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(rare ? ((TestValue2BimorphicInlining)res).x : ((TestValue1BimorphicInlining)res).x, 2 * (rare ? TestValue2BimorphicInlining.x : TestValue1BimorphicInlining.x), "test4 failed");
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestBufferLost.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestBufferLost.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..90813dd63aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestBufferLost.java
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8372268
+ * @summary [lworld] Keep buffer oop on scalarized calls
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -Xmx20M -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+UseEpsilonGC -XX:CompileOnly=*TestBufferLost::test1
+ *                   -XX:CompileOnly=*TestBufferLost::test2 -XX:CompileOnly=*TestBufferLost::test3 -XX:CompileOnly=*TestBufferLost::test4
+ *                   -XX:CompileOnly=*TestBufferLost::test5 -XX:CompileOnly=*TestBufferLost*::*Callee
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::*Callee -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xmx20M -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+UseEpsilonGC -XX:CompileOnly=*TestBufferLost*::*Callee
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::*Callee -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xmx20M -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+UseEpsilonGC -XX:CompileOnly=*TestBufferLost::test1
+ *                   -XX:CompileOnly=*TestBufferLost::test2 -XX:CompileOnly=*TestBufferLost::test3 -XX:CompileOnly=*TestBufferLost::test4
+ *                   -XX:CompileOnly=*TestBufferLost::test5 -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::*Callee
+ *                   -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.management.*;
+
+public class TestBufferLost {
+
+    interface I {
+        default void test5Callee(MyValue val) {
+            VAL = val;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    static value class MyValue implements I {
+        long a = 1;
+        long b = 2;
+        long c = 3;
+        long d = 4;
+        long e = 5;
+
+        void test4Callee() {
+            VAL = this;
+        }
+
+        public void test5Callee(MyValue val) {
+            VAL = val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class C1 implements I {
+        public void test5Callee(MyValue val) {
+            VAL = val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class C2 implements I {
+        public void test5Callee(MyValue val) {
+            VAL = val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class C3 implements I {
+        public void test5Callee(MyValue val) {
+            VAL = val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static MyValue VAL = new MyValue();
+    static MyValue VAL2 = new MyValue();
+    static MyValue VAL3 = new MyValue();
+    static I INT;
+    static C1 c1 = new C1();
+    static C2 c2 = new C2();
+    static C3 c3 = new C3();
+
+    public static void test1Callee(MyValue val) {
+        // This will buffer again if the scalarized arg does not contain the buffer oop
+        VAL = val;
+    }
+
+    public static void test1() {
+        test1Callee(VAL);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue test2Callee() {
+        return VAL;
+    }
+
+    public static void test2() {
+        // This will buffer again if the scalarized return does not contain the buffer oop
+        VAL = test2Callee();
+    }
+
+    public static void test3Callee(MyValue val1, MyValue val2, MyValue val3) {
+        // This will buffer again if the scalarized arg does not contain the buffer oop
+        VAL = val1;
+        VAL2 = val2;
+        VAL3 = val3;
+    }
+
+    public static void test3() {
+        test3Callee(VAL, VAL2, VAL3);
+    }
+
+    public static void test4() {
+        VAL.test4Callee();
+    }
+
+    public static void test5(I i) {
+        i.test5Callee(VAL);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1_000_000; ++i) {
+            test1();
+            test2();
+            test3();
+            test4();
+            test5(c1);
+            test5(c2);
+            test5(c3);
+            test5(VAL);
+        }
+
+        MemoryMXBean mem = ManagementFactory.getMemoryMXBean();
+        System.out.println("Heap size: " + mem.getHeapMemoryUsage().getUsed() / (1024*1024) + " MB");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestBufferTearingC1.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestBufferTearingC1.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6d377c4d651
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestBufferTearingC1.java
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, Arm Limited. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+/**
+ * @test TestBufferTearingC1
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Tests for C1 missing barriers when buffering value classes.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestBufferTearingC1
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestBufferTearingC1
+ */
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class PointBufferTearingC1 {
+    public int x, y;
+
+    public PointBufferTearingC1(int x, int y) {
+        this.x = x;
+        this.y = y;
+    }
+
+    public static final PointBufferTearingC1 DEFAULT = new PointBufferTearingC1(0, 0);
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class Rect {
+    public PointBufferTearingC1 a, b;
+
+    public Rect(PointBufferTearingC1 a, PointBufferTearingC1 b) {
+        this.a = a;
+        this.b = b;
+    }
+
+    public static final Rect DEFAULT = new Rect(PointBufferTearingC1.DEFAULT, PointBufferTearingC1.DEFAULT);
+}
+
+public class TestBufferTearingC1 {
+
+    public static PointBufferTearingC1[] points = (PointBufferTearingC1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(PointBufferTearingC1.class, 1, PointBufferTearingC1.DEFAULT);
+    public static Rect rect = new Rect(new PointBufferTearingC1(1, 1), new PointBufferTearingC1(2, 2));
+    public static Rect[] rects = (Rect[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Rect.class, 1, Rect.DEFAULT);
+
+    static {
+        points[0] = new PointBufferTearingC1(1, 1);
+        rects[0] = rect;
+    }
+
+    public static Object ref1 = points[0];
+    public static Object ref2 = rect.a;
+    public static Object ref3 = rects[0].a;
+
+    static volatile boolean running = true;
+
+    public static void writeRefs(int iter) {
+        ref1 = points[0];    // Indexed load of flattened array
+        ref2 = rect.a;       // Load from flattened field
+        ref3 = rects[0].a;   // Indexed load (delayed) followed by flattened field access
+
+        points[0] = new PointBufferTearingC1(iter, iter);
+        rect = new Rect(new PointBufferTearingC1(iter, iter), new PointBufferTearingC1(iter + 1, iter + 1));
+        rects[0] = rect;
+    }
+
+    private static void checkMissingBarrier() {
+        while (running) {
+            // Each refN holds a "buffered" reference created when reading a
+            // flattened field or array element.  It should not be possible to
+            // read through this reference and see the intermediate
+            // zero-initialised state of the object (i.e. there should be a
+            // store-store barrier after copying the flattened field contents
+            // before the store that publishes it).
+
+            if (((PointBufferTearingC1)ref1).x == 0 || ((PointBufferTearingC1)ref1).y == 0) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException();
+            }
+
+            if (((PointBufferTearingC1)ref2).x == 0 || ((PointBufferTearingC1)ref2).y == 0) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException();
+            }
+
+            if (((PointBufferTearingC1)ref3).x == 0 || ((PointBufferTearingC1)ref3).y == 0) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
+        Thread[] threads = new Thread[10];
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            threads[i] = new Thread(TestBufferTearingC1::checkMissingBarrier);
+            threads[i].start();
+        }
+
+        for (int i = 1; i < 1_000_000; i++) {
+            writeRefs(i);
+        }
+
+        running = false;
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            threads[i].join();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestC1.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestC1.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a92376875bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestC1.java
@@ -0,0 +1,380 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.CompLevel;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.Run;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.Scenario;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.Test;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.rI;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.rL;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Various tests that are specific to C1.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver/timeout=300 ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+public class TestC1 {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        final Scenario[] scenarios = {
+                // C1 only
+                new Scenario(0, "-XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1", "-XX:+TieredCompilation"),
+                // C2 only. (Make sure the tests are correctly written)
+                new Scenario(1, "-XX:TieredStopAtLevel=4", "-XX:-TieredCompilation"),
+                // interpreter only
+                new Scenario(2, "-Xint"),
+                // Xcomp Only C1.
+                new Scenario(3, "-XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1", "-XX:+TieredCompilation", "-Xcomp"),
+                // Xcomp Only C2.
+                new Scenario(4, "-XX:TieredStopAtLevel=4", "-XX:-TieredCompilation", "-Xcomp")
+        };
+
+        InlineTypes.getFramework()
+                   .addScenarios(scenarios)
+                   .addFlags("--enable-preview",
+                             "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                             "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED")
+                   .addHelperClasses(MyValue1.class,
+                                     MyValue2.class,
+                                     MyValue2Inline.class,
+                                     MyValue3.class,
+                                     MyValue3Inline.class)
+                   .start();
+    }
+
+    // JDK-8229799
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public long test1(Object a, Object b, long n) {
+        long r;
+        n += (a == b) ? 0x5678123456781234L : 0x1234567812345678L;
+        n -= 1;
+        return n;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test1")
+    public void test1_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 v1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1 v2 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL+1);
+        long r1 = test1(v1, v1, 1);
+        long r2 = test1(v1, v2, 1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(r1, 0x5678123456781234L);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(r2, 0x1234567812345678L);
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class SimpleValue2 {
+        int value;
+
+        SimpleValue2(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // JDK-8231961
+    // Test that the value numbering optimization does not remove
+    // the second load from the buffered array element.
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public int test2(SimpleValue2[] array) {
+        return array[0].value + array[0].value;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test2")
+    public void test2_verifier() {
+        SimpleValue2[] array = (SimpleValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(SimpleValue2.class, 1, new SimpleValue2(0));
+        array[0] = new SimpleValue2(rI);
+        int result = test2(array);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, 2*rI);
+    }
+
+
+    // Tests below (3 to 8) check the behavior of the C1 optimization to access
+    // sub-elements of a flattened array without copying the element first
+
+    // Test access to a null array
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public int test3(MyValue2[] array, int index) {
+        return array[index].x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test3")
+    public void test3_verifier() {
+        NullPointerException npe = null;
+        try {
+            test3(null, 0);
+        } catch(NullPointerException e) {
+            npe = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNE(npe, null);
+    }
+
+    // Test out of bound accesses
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public int test4(MyValue2[] array, int index) {
+        return array[index].x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test4")
+    public void test4_verifier() {
+        MyValue2[] array = new MyValue2[2];
+        ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aioob = null;
+        try {
+            test3(array, -1);
+        } catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+            aioob = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNE(aioob, null);
+        aioob = null;
+        try {
+            test3(array, 2);
+        } catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+            aioob = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNE(aioob, null);
+    }
+
+    // Test 1st level sub-element access to primitive field
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public int test5(MyValue2[] array, int index) {
+        return array[index].x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test5")
+    public void test5_verifier() {
+        MyValue2[] array = new MyValue2[2];
+        MyValue2 v = new MyValue2(1,(byte)2, new MyValue2Inline(5.0d, 345L));
+        array[1] = v;
+        int x = test5(array, 1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(x, 1);
+    }
+
+    // Test 1st level sub-element access to flattened field
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public MyValue2Inline test6(MyValue2[] array, int index) {
+        return array[index].v;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test6")
+    public void test6_verifier() {
+        MyValue2[] array = new MyValue2[2];
+        MyValue2Inline vi = new MyValue2Inline(3.5d, 678L);
+        MyValue2 v = new MyValue2(1,(byte)2, vi);
+        array[0] = v;
+        MyValue2Inline vi2 = test6(array, 0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vi, vi2);
+    }
+
+    // Test 1st level sub-element access to non-flattened field
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Big {
+        long l0,l1,l2,l3,l4,l5,l6,l7,l8,l9,l10,l11,l12,l13,l14,l15,l16,l17,l18,l19;
+
+        Big(long n) {
+            l0 = n++; l1 = n++; l2 = n++; l3 = n++; l4 = n++; l5 = n++; l6 = n++; l7 = n++; l8 = n++;
+            l9 = n++; l10 = n++; l11 = n++; l12 = n++; l13 = n++; l14 = n++; l15 = n++; l16= n++;
+            l17 = n++; l18 = n++; l19 = n++;
+        }
+
+        Big() {
+            l0 = l1 = l2 = l3 = l4 = l5 = l6 = l7 = l8 = l9 = l10 =
+            l11 = l12 = l13 = l14 = l15 = l16 = l17 = l18 = l19 = 0;
+        }
+
+        void check(long n, int i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(l0, n); n += i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(l1, n); n += i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(l2, n); n += i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(l3, n); n += i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(l4, n); n += i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(l5, n); n += i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(l6, n); n += i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(l7, n); n += i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(l8, n); n += i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(l9, n); n += i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(l10, n); n += i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(l11, n); n += i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(l12, n); n += i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(l13, n); n += i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(l14, n); n += i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(l15, n); n += i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(l16, n); n += i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(l17, n); n += i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(l18, n); n += i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(l19, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class TestValue {
+        int i;
+        @NullRestricted
+        Big big;
+
+        TestValue(int i, Big big) {
+            this.i = i;
+            this.big = big;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public Big test7(TestValue[] array, int index) {
+        return array[index].big;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test7")
+    public void test7_verifier() {
+        TestValue[] array = (TestValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(TestValue.class, 7, new TestValue(0, new Big()));
+        Big b0 = test7(array, 3);
+        b0.check(0, 0);
+        TestValue tv = new TestValue(9, new Big(9));
+        array[5] = tv;
+        Big b1 = test7(array, 5);
+        b1.check(9, 1);
+    }
+
+    // Test 2nd level sub-element access to primitive field
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public byte test8(MyValue1[] array, int index) {
+        return array[index].v2.y;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test8")
+    public void test8_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] array = new MyValue1[23];
+        MyValue2 mv2a = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(7, 63L, 8.9d);
+        MyValue2 mv2b = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(11, 69L, 17.3d);
+        MyValue1 mv1 = new MyValue1(1, 2L, (short)3, 4, null, mv2a, mv2b, mv2a, mv2b, 'z');
+        array[19] = mv1;
+        byte b = test8(array, 19);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(b, (byte)11);
+    }
+
+
+    // Test optimizations for arrays of empty types
+    // (read/write are not performed, pre-allocated instance is used for reads)
+    // Most tests check that error conditions are still correctly handled
+    // (OOB, null pointer)
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class EmptyType {}
+
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public EmptyType test9() {
+        EmptyType[] array = (EmptyType[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(EmptyType.class, 10, new EmptyType());
+        return array[4];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test9")
+    public void test9_verifier() {
+        EmptyType et = test9();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(et, new EmptyType());
+    }
+
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public EmptyType test10(EmptyType[] array) {
+        return array[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test10")
+    public void test10_verifier() {
+        EmptyType[] array = (EmptyType[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(EmptyType.class, 16, new EmptyType());
+        EmptyType et = test10(array);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(et, new EmptyType());
+    }
+
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public EmptyType test11(EmptyType[] array, int index) {
+        return array[index];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test11")
+    public void test11_verifier() {
+        Exception e = null;
+        EmptyType[] array = (EmptyType[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(EmptyType.class, 10, new EmptyType());
+        try {
+            EmptyType et = test11(array, 11);
+        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
+            e = ex;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(e);
+        e = null;
+        try {
+            EmptyType et = test11(array, -1);
+        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
+            e = ex;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(e);
+        e = null;
+        try {
+            EmptyType et = test11(null, 1);
+        } catch (NullPointerException ex) {
+            e = ex;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(e);
+    }
+
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public void test12(EmptyType[] array, int index, EmptyType value) {
+        array[index] = value;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test12")
+    public void test12_verifier() {
+        EmptyType empty = new EmptyType();
+        EmptyType[] array = (EmptyType[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(EmptyType.class, 16, new EmptyType());
+        test12(array, 2, empty);
+        Exception e = null;
+        try {
+            test12(null, 2, empty);
+        } catch(NullPointerException ex) {
+            e = ex;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(e);
+        e = null;
+        try {
+            test12(array, 17, empty);
+        } catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
+            e = ex;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(e);
+        e = null;
+        try {
+            test12(array, -8, empty);
+        } catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
+            e = ex;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(e);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestC1AcmpCEE.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestC1AcmpCEE.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4d393e5c271
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestC1AcmpCEE.java
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8384871
+ * @summary Test that C1's conditional folding preserves acmp substitutability.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test*
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=inline,${test.main.class}::helper*
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestC1AcmpCEE {
+    private static final Integer CONSTANT = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+    private static final Integer CONSTANT_EQUAL = 2147483647;
+
+    // Prevent javac from constant folding for constant `b`.
+    public static int helper(boolean b) {
+        if (b) {
+            return 42;
+        } else {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static int testDirectIntegerConstantCompareEqual() {
+        if (CONSTANT == CONSTANT_EQUAL) {
+            return 42;
+        } else {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static int testDirectIntegerConstantCEEEqual() {
+        return (CONSTANT == CONSTANT_EQUAL) ? 42 : 0;
+    }
+
+    public static int testNestedIfOp(Integer left, Integer right) {
+        // After inlining helper(), the code looks like this:
+        //
+        //   b      = IfOp(left == right ? true : false) // substitutability check
+        //   result = IfOp(b == true ? 42 : 0)
+        //
+        // CEE collapses this into one conditional expression. The new IfOp
+        // represents the original acmp and must keep its substitutability state.
+        boolean b = (left == right);
+        return helper(b);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(42, testDirectIntegerConstantCompareEqual(), "failed testDirectConstantCompareEqual");
+            Asserts.assertEQ(42, testDirectIntegerConstantCEEEqual(), "failed testDirectIntegerConstantCEEEqual");
+            Asserts.assertEQ(42, testNestedIfOp(Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MAX_VALUE), "failed testNestedIfOp true");
+            Asserts.assertEQ(0,  testNestedIfOp(Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1), "failed testNestedIfOp false");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestC1ValueNumbering.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestC1ValueNumbering.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..83269f315ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestC1ValueNumbering.java
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test value numbering behaves correctly with flat fields.
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1 -ea
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestC1ValueNumbering::*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestC1ValueNumbering
+ */
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+public class TestC1ValueNumbering {
+    public TestC1ValueNumbering() {
+        p = new Point(0, 0);
+        super();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Point {
+        int x;
+        int y;
+
+        public Point() {
+            x = 0;
+            y = 0;
+        }
+
+        public Point(int x, int y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    Point p;
+
+    // Notes on test 1:
+    // 1 - asserts are important create several basic blocks (asserts create branches)
+    // 2 - local variables x, y must be read in the same block as the putfield
+    static void test1() {
+        Point p = new Point(4,5);
+        TestC1ValueNumbering test = new TestC1ValueNumbering();
+        assert test.p.x == 0;
+        assert test.p.y == 0;
+        test.p = p;
+        int x = test.p.x;
+        int y = test.p.y;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(x, 4, "Bad field value");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(y, 5, "Bad field value");
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            test1();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestC2CCalls.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestC2CCalls.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..444df2af922
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestC2CCalls.java
@@ -0,0 +1,673 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=default
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test value class calling convention with compiled to compiled calls.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestC2CCalls
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-bimorphic
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test value class calling convention with compiled to compiled calls.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -XX:-UseBimorphicInlining -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestC2CCalls*::test*
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestC2CCalls*::test*
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestC2CCalls
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-bimorphic-no-prof
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test value class calling convention with compiled to compiled calls.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -XX:-UseBimorphicInlining -Xbatch -XX:-ProfileInterpreter
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestC2CCalls*::test*
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestC2CCalls*::test*
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestC2CCalls
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-bimorphic2
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test value class calling convention with compiled to compiled calls.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                              -XX:-UseBimorphicInlining -Xbatch
+ *                              -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestC2CCalls::test*
+ *                              -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestC2CCalls*::test*
+ *                              compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestC2CCalls
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-bimorphic-no-prof2
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test value class calling convention with compiled to compiled calls.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -XX:-UseBimorphicInlining -Xbatch -XX:-ProfileInterpreter
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestC2CCalls::test*
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestC2CCalls*::test*
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestC2CCalls
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+public class TestC2CCalls {
+    public static final WhiteBox WHITE_BOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+    public static final int COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION = 4; // C2
+    public static final int rI = Utils.getRandomInstance().nextInt() % 1000;
+
+    static value class OtherVal {
+        public int x;
+
+        private OtherVal(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static interface MyInterface1 {
+        public MyInterface1 test1(OtherVal other, int y);
+        public MyInterface1 test2(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y);
+        public MyInterface1 test3(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y, boolean deopt);
+        public MyInterface1 test4(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y);
+        public MyInterface1 test5(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y);
+        public MyInterface1 test6();
+        public MyInterface1 test7(int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6);
+        public MyInterface1 test8(int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6, int i7);
+        public MyInterface1 test9(MyValue3 other, int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6);
+        public MyInterface1 test10(MyValue4 other, int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6);
+
+        public int getValue();
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue1 implements MyInterface1 {
+        public int x;
+
+        private MyValue1(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int getValue() {
+            return x;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyValue1 test1(OtherVal other, int y) {
+            return new MyValue1(x + other.x + y);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyValue1 test2(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y) {
+            return new MyValue1(x + other1.x + other2.x + y);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyValue1 test3(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y, boolean deopt) {
+            if (!deopt) {
+              return new MyValue1(x + other1.x + other2.x + y);
+            } else {
+              // Uncommon trap
+              return test1(other1, y);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyValue1 test4(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y) {
+            return new MyValue1(x + other1.x + other2.x + y);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyValue1 test5(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y) {
+            return new MyValue1(x + other1.x + other2.x + y);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyValue1 test6() {
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyValue1 test7(int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6) {
+            return new MyValue1(x + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i5 + i6);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyValue1 test8(int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6, int i7) {
+            return new MyValue1(x + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i5 + i6 + i7);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue1 test9(MyValue3 other, int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6) {
+            return new MyValue1(x + (int)(other.d1 + other.d2 + other.d3 + other.d4) + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i5 + i6);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue1 test10(MyValue4 other, int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6) {
+            return new MyValue1(x + other.x1 + other.x2 + other.x3 + other.x4 + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i5 + i6);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue2 implements MyInterface1 {
+        public int x;
+
+        private MyValue2(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int getValue() {
+            return x;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyValue2 test1(OtherVal other, int y) {
+            return new MyValue2(x + other.x + y);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyValue2 test2(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y) {
+            return new MyValue2(x + other1.x + other2.x + y);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyValue2 test3(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y, boolean deopt) {
+            if (!deopt) {
+              return new MyValue2(x + other1.x + other2.x + y);
+            } else {
+              // Uncommon trap
+              return test1(other1, y);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyValue2 test4(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y) {
+            return new MyValue2(x + other1.x + other2.x + y);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyValue2 test5(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y) {
+            return new MyValue2(x + other1.x + other2.x + y);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyValue2 test6() {
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyValue2 test7(int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6) {
+            return new MyValue2(x + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i5 + i6);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyValue2 test8(int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6, int i7) {
+            return new MyValue2(x + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i5 + i6 + i7);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue2 test9(MyValue3 other, int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6) {
+            return new MyValue2(x + (int)(other.d1 + other.d2 + other.d3 + other.d4) + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i5 + i6);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue2 test10(MyValue4 other, int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6) {
+            return new MyValue2(x + other.x1 + other.x2 + other.x3 + other.x4 + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i5 + i6);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue3 implements MyInterface1 {
+        public double d1;
+        public double d2;
+        public double d3;
+        public double d4;
+
+        private MyValue3(double d) {
+            this.d1 = d;
+            this.d2 = d;
+            this.d3 = d;
+            this.d4 = d;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int getValue() {
+            return (int)d4;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyValue3 test1(OtherVal other, int y) { return new MyValue3(0); }
+        @Override
+        public MyValue3 test2(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y)  { return new MyValue3(0); }
+        @Override
+        public MyValue3 test3(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y, boolean deopt)  { return new MyValue3(0); }
+        @Override
+        public MyValue3 test4(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y)  { return new MyValue3(0); }
+        @Override
+        public MyValue3 test5(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y)  { return new MyValue3(0); }
+        @Override
+        public MyValue3 test6()  { return new MyValue3(0); }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyValue3 test7(int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6)  {
+            return new MyValue3(d1 + d2 + d3 + d4 + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i5 + i6);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyValue3 test8(int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6, int i7) {
+            return new MyValue3(d1 + d2 + d3 + d4 + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i5 + i6 + i7);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue3 test9(MyValue3 other, int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6) {
+            return new MyValue3(d1 + d2 + d3 + d4 + other.d1 + other.d2 + other.d3 + other.d4 + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i5 + i6);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue3 test10(MyValue4 other, int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6) {
+            return new MyValue3(d1 + d2 + d3 + d4 + other.x1 + other.x2 + other.x3 + other.x4 + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i5 + i6);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue4 implements MyInterface1 {
+        public int x1;
+        public int x2;
+        public int x3;
+        public int x4;
+
+        private MyValue4(int i) {
+            this.x1 = i;
+            this.x2 = i;
+            this.x3 = i;
+            this.x4 = i;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int getValue() {
+            return x4;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyValue4 test1(OtherVal other, int y) { return new MyValue4(0); }
+        @Override
+        public MyValue4 test2(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y)  { return new MyValue4(0); }
+        @Override
+        public MyValue4 test3(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y, boolean deopt)  { return new MyValue4(0); }
+        @Override
+        public MyValue4 test4(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y)  { return new MyValue4(0); }
+        @Override
+        public MyValue4 test5(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y)  { return new MyValue4(0); }
+        @Override
+        public MyValue4 test6()  { return new MyValue4(0); }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyValue4 test7(int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6)  {
+            return new MyValue4(x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i5 + i6);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyValue4 test8(int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6, int i7) {
+            return new MyValue4(x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i5 + i6 + i7);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue4 test9(MyValue3 other, int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6) {
+            return new MyValue4(x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 + (int)(other.d1 + other.d2 + other.d3 + other.d4) + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i5 + i6);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue4 test10(MyValue4 other, int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6) {
+            return new MyValue4(x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 + other.x1 + other.x2 + other.x3 + other.x4 + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i5 + i6);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class MyObject implements MyInterface1 {
+        private final int x;
+
+        private MyObject(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int getValue() {
+            return x;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyObject test1(OtherVal other, int y) {
+            return new MyObject(x + other.x + y);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyObject test2(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y) {
+            return new MyObject(x + other1.x + other2.x + y);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyObject test3(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y, boolean deopt) {
+            if (!deopt) {
+              return new MyObject(x + other1.x + other2.x + y);
+            } else {
+              // Uncommon trap
+              return test1(other1, y);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyObject test4(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y) {
+            return new MyObject(x + other1.x + other2.x + y);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyObject test5(OtherVal other1, OtherVal other2, int y) {
+            return new MyObject(x + other1.x + other2.x + y);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyObject test6() {
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyObject test7(int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6) {
+            return new MyObject(x + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i5 + i6);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public MyObject test8(int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6, int i7) {
+            return new MyObject(x + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i5 + i6 + i7);
+        }
+
+        public MyObject test9(MyValue3 other, int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6) {
+            return new MyObject(x + (int)(other.d1 + other.d2 + other.d3 + other.d4) + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i5 + i6);
+        }
+
+        public MyObject test10(MyValue4 other, int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6) {
+            return new MyObject(x + other.x1 + other.x2 + other.x3 + other.x4 + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i5 + i6);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test calling methods with value class arguments through an interface
+    public static int test1(MyInterface1 intf, OtherVal other, int y) {
+        return intf.test1(other, y).getValue();
+    }
+
+    public static int test2(MyInterface1 intf, OtherVal other, int y) {
+        return intf.test2(other, other, y).getValue();
+    }
+
+    // Test mixing null-tolerant and null-free value class arguments
+    public static int test3(MyValue1 vt, OtherVal other, int y) {
+        return vt.test2(other, other, y).getValue();
+    }
+
+    public static int test4(MyObject obj, OtherVal other, int y) {
+        return obj.test2(other, other, y).getValue();
+    }
+
+    // Optimized interface call with value class receiver
+    public static int test5(MyInterface1 intf, OtherVal other, int y) {
+        return intf.test1(other, y).getValue();
+    }
+
+    public static int test6(MyInterface1 intf, OtherVal other, int y) {
+        return intf.test2(other, other, y).getValue();
+    }
+
+    // Optimized interface call with object receiver
+    public static int test7(MyInterface1 intf, OtherVal other, int y) {
+        return intf.test1(other, y).getValue();
+    }
+
+    public static int test8(MyInterface1 intf, OtherVal other, int y) {
+        return intf.test2(other, other, y).getValue();
+    }
+
+    // Interface calls with deoptimized callee
+    public static int test9(MyInterface1 intf, OtherVal other, int y, boolean deopt) {
+        return intf.test3(other, other, y, deopt).getValue();
+    }
+
+    public static int test10(MyInterface1 intf, OtherVal other, int y, boolean deopt) {
+        return intf.test3(other, other, y, deopt).getValue();
+    }
+
+    // Optimized interface calls with deoptimized callee
+    public static int test11(MyInterface1 intf, OtherVal other, int y, boolean deopt) {
+        return intf.test3(other, other, y, deopt).getValue();
+    }
+
+    public static int test12(MyInterface1 intf, OtherVal other, int y, boolean deopt) {
+        return intf.test3(other, other, y, deopt).getValue();
+    }
+
+    public static int test13(MyInterface1 intf, OtherVal other, int y, boolean deopt) {
+        return intf.test3(other, other, y, deopt).getValue();
+    }
+
+    public static int test14(MyInterface1 intf, OtherVal other, int y, boolean deopt) {
+        return intf.test3(other, other, y, deopt).getValue();
+    }
+
+    // Interface calls without warmed up / compiled callees
+    public static int test15(MyInterface1 intf, OtherVal other, int y) {
+        return intf.test4(other, other, y).getValue();
+    }
+
+    public static int test16(MyInterface1 intf, OtherVal other, int y) {
+        return intf.test5(other, other, y).getValue();
+    }
+
+    // Interface call with no arguments
+    public static int test17(MyInterface1 intf) {
+        return intf.test6().getValue();
+    }
+
+    // Calls that require stack extension
+    public static int test18(MyInterface1 intf, int y) {
+        return intf.test7(y, y, y, y, y, y).getValue();
+    }
+
+    public static int test19(MyInterface1 intf, int y) {
+        return intf.test8(y, y, y, y, y, y, y).getValue();
+    }
+
+    public static int test20(MyInterface1 intf, MyValue3 v, int y) {
+        return intf.test9(v, y, y, y, y, y, y).getValue();
+    }
+
+    public static int test21(MyInterface1 intf, MyValue4 v, int y) {
+        return intf.test10(v, y, y, y, y, y, y).getValue();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // Sometimes, exclude some methods from compilation with C2 to stress test the calling convention
+        if (Utils.getRandomInstance().nextBoolean()) {
+            ArrayList<Method> methods = new ArrayList<Method>();
+            Collections.addAll(methods, MyValue1.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            Collections.addAll(methods, MyValue2.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            Collections.addAll(methods, MyValue3.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            Collections.addAll(methods, MyValue4.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            Collections.addAll(methods, MyObject.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            Collections.addAll(methods, compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestC2CCalls.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            System.out.println("Excluding methods from C2 compilation:");
+            for (Method m : methods) {
+                if (Utils.getRandomInstance().nextBoolean()) {
+                    System.out.println(m);
+                    WHITE_BOX.makeMethodNotCompilable(m, COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, false);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        MyValue1 val1 = new MyValue1(rI);
+        MyValue2 val2 = new MyValue2(rI+1);
+        MyValue3 val3 = new MyValue3(rI+2);
+        MyValue4 val4 = new MyValue4(rI+3);
+        OtherVal other = new OtherVal(rI+4);
+        MyObject obj = new MyObject(rI+5);
+
+        // Make sure callee methods are compiled
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val1.test1(other, rI).getValue(), val1.x + other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val2.test1(other, rI).getValue(), val2.x + other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(obj.test1(other, rI).getValue(), obj.x + other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val1.test2(other, other, rI).getValue(), val1.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val2.test2(other, other, rI).getValue(), val2.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(obj.test2(other, other, rI).getValue(), obj.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val1.test3(other, other, rI, false).getValue(), val1.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val2.test3(other, other, rI, false).getValue(), val2.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(obj.test3(other, other, rI, false).getValue(), obj.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val1.test7(rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI).getValue(), val1.x + 6*rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val2.test7(rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI).getValue(), val2.x + 6*rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val3.test7(rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI).getValue(), (int)(4*val3.d1 + 6*rI));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val4.test7(rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI).getValue(), (int)(4*val4.x1 + 6*rI));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(obj.test7(rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI).getValue(), obj.x + 6*rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val1.test8(rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI).getValue(), val1.x + 7*rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val2.test8(rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI).getValue(), val2.x + 7*rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val3.test8(rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI).getValue(), (int)(4*val3.d1 + 7*rI));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val4.test8(rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI).getValue(), (int)(4*val4.x1 + 7*rI));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(obj.test8(rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI).getValue(), obj.x + 7*rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val1.test9(val3, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI).getValue(), (int)(val1.x + 4*val3.d1 + 6*rI));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val2.test9(val3, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI).getValue(), (int)(val2.x + 4*val3.d1 + 6*rI));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val3.test9(val3, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI).getValue(), (int)(4*val3.d1 + 4*val3.d1 + 6*rI));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val4.test9(val3, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI).getValue(), (int)(4*val4.x1 + 4*val3.d1 + 6*rI));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(obj.test9(val3, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI).getValue(), (int)(obj.x + 4*val3.d1 + 6*rI));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val1.test10(val4, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI).getValue(), (int)(val1.x + 4*val4.x1 + 6*rI));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val2.test10(val4, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI).getValue(), (int)(val2.x + 4*val4.x1 + 6*rI));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val3.test10(val4, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI).getValue(), (int)(4*val3.d1 + 4*val4.x1 + 6*rI));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val4.test10(val4, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI).getValue(), (int)(4*val4.x1 + 4*val4.x1 + 6*rI));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(obj.test10(val4, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI).getValue(), (int)(obj.x + 4*val4.x1 + 6*rI));
+        }
+
+        // Pollute call profile
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test15(val1, other, rI), val1.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test16(obj, other, rI), obj.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test17(obj), obj.x);
+        }
+
+        // Trigger compilation of caller methods
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100_000; ++i) {
+            val1 = new MyValue1(rI+i);
+            val2 = new MyValue2(rI+i+1);
+            val3 = new MyValue3(rI+i+2);
+            val4 = new MyValue4(rI+i+3);
+            other = new OtherVal(rI+i+4);
+            obj = new MyObject(rI+i+5);
+
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test1(val1, other, rI), val1.x + other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test1(obj, other, rI), obj.x + other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test2(obj, other, rI), obj.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test2(val1, other, rI), val1.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test3(val1, other, rI), val1.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test4(obj, other, rI), obj.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test5(val1, other, rI), val1.x + other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test6(val1, other, rI), val1.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test7(obj, other, rI), obj.x + other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test8(obj, other, rI), obj.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test9(val1, other, rI, false), val1.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test9(obj, other, rI, false), obj.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test10(val1, other, rI, false), val1.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test10(obj, other, rI, false), obj.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test11(val1, other, rI, false), val1.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test12(val1, other, rI, false), val1.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test13(obj, other, rI, false), obj.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test14(obj, other, rI, false), obj.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test15(obj, other, rI), obj.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test16(val1, other, rI), val1.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test17(val1), val1.x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test18(val1, rI), val1.x + 6*rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test18(val2, rI), val2.x + 6*rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test18(val3, rI), (int)(4*val3.d1 + 6*rI));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test18(val4, rI), 4*val4.x1 + 6*rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test18(obj, rI), obj.x + 6*rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test19(val1, rI), val1.x + 7*rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test19(val2, rI), val2.x + 7*rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test19(val3, rI), (int)(4*val3.d1 + 7*rI));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test19(val4, rI), 4*val4.x1 + 7*rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test19(obj, rI), obj.x + 7*rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test20(val1, val3, rI), (int)(val1.x + 4*val3.d1 + 6*rI));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test20(val2, val3, rI), (int)(val2.x + 4*val3.d1 + 6*rI));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test20(val3, val3, rI), (int)(4*val3.d1 + 4*val3.d1 + 6*rI));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test20(val4, val3, rI), (int)(4*val4.x1 + 4*val3.d1 + 6*rI));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test20(obj, val3, rI), (int)(obj.x + 4*val3.d1 + 6*rI));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test21(val1, val4, rI), val1.x + 4*val4.x1 + 6*rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test21(val2, val4, rI), val2.x + 4*val4.x1 + 6*rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test21(val3, val4, rI), (int)(4*val3.d1 + 4*val4.x1 + 6*rI));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test21(val4, val4, rI), 4*val4.x1 + 4*val4.x1 + 6*rI);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test21(obj, val4, rI), obj.x + 4*val4.x1 + 6*rI);
+        }
+
+        // Trigger deoptimization
+        Asserts.assertEQ(val1.test3(other, other, rI, true).getValue(), val1.x + other.x + rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(obj.test3(other, other, rI, true).getValue(), obj.x + other.x + rI);
+
+        // Check results of methods still calling the deoptimized methods
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test9(val1, other, rI, false), val1.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test9(obj, other, rI, false), obj.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test10(obj, other, rI, false), obj.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test10(val1, other, rI, false), val1.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test11(val1, other, rI, false), val1.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test11(obj, other, rI, false), obj.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test12(obj, other, rI, false), obj.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test12(val1, other, rI, false), val1.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test13(val1, other, rI, false), val1.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test13(obj, other, rI, false), obj.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test14(obj, other, rI, false), obj.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test14(val1, other, rI, false), val1.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+
+        // Check with unexpected arguments
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test1(val2, other, rI), val2.x + other.x + rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test2(val2, other, rI), val2.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test5(val2, other, rI), val2.x + other.x + rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test6(val2, other, rI), val2.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test7(val1, other, rI), val1.x + other.x + rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test8(val1, other, rI), val1.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test15(val1, other, rI), val1.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test16(obj, other, rI), obj.x + 2*other.x + rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test17(obj), obj.x);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestCallDevirtualizationWithUnloadedReturn.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestCallDevirtualizationWithUnloadedReturn.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..55bffb33618
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestCallDevirtualizationWithUnloadedReturn.java
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8384283
+ * @summary Test post-parse call devirtualization with an unloaded return type.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::*
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+public class TestCallDevirtualizationWithUnloadedReturn {
+
+    static interface BaseClass {
+        public Unloaded method();
+    }
+
+    static class Impl1 implements BaseClass {
+        public Unloaded method() {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Impl2 implements BaseClass {
+        public Unloaded method() {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Impl3 implements BaseClass {
+        public Unloaded method() {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Unloaded { }
+
+    static Object test() {
+        BaseClass receiver = new Impl1();
+        // Hide the fact that receiver type is Impl2 until after loop
+        // opts to trigger post-parse call devirtualization below.
+        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+            if (i > 1) {
+                receiver = new Impl2();
+            }
+        }
+        // This is strength-reduced to a static call but since the
+        // return type is unloaded it might be a scalarized return.
+        return receiver.method();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; i++) {
+            test();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestCallProjSubsumed.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestCallProjSubsumed.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e18d1502fcd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestCallProjSubsumed.java
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8386999
+ * @summary [lworld] C2: assert(is_dead_loop_safe()) failed: shouldn't be cleared yet
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:-BackgroundCompilation -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   -XX:-UseOnStackReplacement -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+public class TestCallProjSubsumed {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; i++) {
+            test1();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int test1() {
+        Integer ib = lateInlined1();
+        return ib.intValue();
+    }
+
+    static int lateInlined1() {
+        return 42;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestCallingConvention.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestCallingConvention.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7e38e3e0092
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestCallingConvention.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1601 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.*;
+
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.CALL_OF_METHOD;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.PREDICATE_TRAP;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test value class calling convention optimizations.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 0
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test value class calling convention optimizations.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 1
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test value class calling convention optimizations.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 2
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test value class calling convention optimizations.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 3
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test value class calling convention optimizations.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 4
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test value class calling convention optimizations.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 5
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test value class calling convention optimizations.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 6
+ */
+
+@ForceCompileClassInitializer
+public class TestCallingConvention {
+
+    static {
+        try {
+            Class<?> clazz = TestCallingConvention.class;
+            MethodHandles.Lookup lookup = MethodHandles.lookup();
+
+            MethodType mt = MethodType.methodType(MyValue2.class, boolean.class);
+            test32_mh = lookup.findVirtual(clazz, "test32_interp", mt);
+
+            mt = MethodType.methodType(Object.class, boolean.class);
+            test33_mh = lookup.findVirtual(clazz, "test33_interp", mt);
+
+            mt = MethodType.methodType(int.class);
+            test37_mh = lookup.findVirtual(Test37Value.class, "test", mt);
+
+            mt = MethodType.methodType(MyValue2.class);
+            test54_mh = lookup.findVirtual(clazz, "test54_callee", mt);
+
+            mt = MethodType.methodType(MyValue2.class, boolean.class);
+            test56_mh = lookup.findVirtual(clazz, "test56_callee", mt);
+
+            mt = MethodType.methodType(MyValue2.class, MyValue2.class);
+            test59_mh = lookup.findStatic(clazz, "test59_callee", mt);
+        } catch (NoSuchMethodException | IllegalAccessException e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+            throw new RuntimeException("Method handle lookup failed");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public TestCallingConvention() {
+        test15_vt = MyValue3.create();
+        test16_vt = MyValue3.create();
+        test17_vt = MyValue3.create();
+        test18_vt = MyValue4.create();
+        test19_vt = MyValue4.create();
+        test20_vt = MyValue4.create();
+        test21_vt = MyValue3.create();
+        test29_vt = MyValue3.create();
+        test50_vt = MyValue3.create();
+        test50_vt2 = MyValue3.create();
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+
+        Scenario[] scenarios = InlineTypes.DEFAULT_SCENARIOS;
+        // Don't generate bytecodes but call through runtime for reflective calls
+        scenarios[0].addFlags("-Dsun.reflect.inflationThreshold=10000");
+        scenarios[1].addFlags("-Dsun.reflect.inflationThreshold=10000");
+        scenarios[3].addFlags("-XX:-UseArrayFlattening");
+        scenarios[4].addFlags("-XX:-UseTLAB");
+
+        InlineTypes.getFramework()
+                   .addScenarios(scenarios[Integer.parseInt(args[0])])
+                   .addHelperClasses(MyValue1.class,
+                                     MyValue2.class,
+                                     MyValue2Inline.class,
+                                     MyValue3.class,
+                                     MyValue3Inline.class,
+                                     MyValue4.class)
+                   .start();
+    }
+
+    // Helper methods and classes
+
+    private void deoptimize(String name, Class<?>... params) {
+        try {
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(getClass().getDeclaredMethod(name, params));
+        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test interpreter to compiled code with various signatures
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test1(MyValue2 v) {
+        return v.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test1")
+    public void test1_verifier() {
+        MyValue2 v = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        long result = test1(v);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, v.hashInterpreted());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test2(int i1, MyValue2 v, int i2) {
+        return v.hash() + i1 - i2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test2")
+    public void test2_verifier() {
+        MyValue2 v = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        long result = test2(rI, v, 2*rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, v.hashInterpreted() - rI);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test3(long l1, MyValue2 v, long l2) {
+        return v.hash() + l1 - l2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test3")
+    public void test3_verifier() {
+        MyValue2 v = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        long result = test3(rL, v, 2*rL);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, v.hashInterpreted() - rL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test4(int i, MyValue2 v, long l) {
+        return v.hash() + i + l;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test4")
+    public void test4_verifier() {
+        MyValue2 v = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        long result = test4(rI, v, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, v.hashInterpreted() + rL + rI);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test5(long l, MyValue2 v, int i) {
+        return v.hash() + i + l;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test5")
+    public void test5_verifier() {
+        MyValue2 v = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        long result = test5(rL, v, rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, v.hashInterpreted() + rL + rI);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test6(long l, MyValue1 v1, int i, MyValue2 v2) {
+        return v1.hash() + i + l + v2.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test6")
+    public void test6_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 v1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue2 v2 = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        long result = test6(rL, v1, rI, v2);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, v1.hashInterpreted() + rL + rI + v2.hashInterpreted());
+    }
+
+    // Test compiled code to interpreter with various signatures
+    @DontCompile
+    public long test7_interp(MyValue2 v) {
+        return v.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test7(MyValue2 v) {
+        return test7_interp(v);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test7")
+    public void test7_verifier() {
+        MyValue2 v = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        long result = test7(v);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, v.hashInterpreted());
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    public long test8_interp(int i1, MyValue2 v, int i2) {
+        return v.hash() + i1 - i2;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test8(int i1, MyValue2 v, int i2) {
+        return test8_interp(i1, v, i2);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test8")
+    public void test8_verifier() {
+        MyValue2 v = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        long result = test8(rI, v, 2*rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, v.hashInterpreted() - rI);
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    public long test9_interp(long l1, MyValue2 v, long l2) {
+        return v.hash() + l1 - l2;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test9(long l1, MyValue2 v, long l2) {
+        return test9_interp(l1, v, l2);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test9")
+    public void test9_verifier() {
+        MyValue2 v = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        long result = test9(rL, v, 2*rL);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, v.hashInterpreted() - rL);
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    public long test10_interp(int i, MyValue2 v, long l) {
+        return v.hash() + i + l;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test10(int i, MyValue2 v, long l) {
+        return test10_interp(i, v, l);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test10")
+    public void test10_verifier() {
+        MyValue2 v = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        long result = test10(rI, v, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, v.hashInterpreted() + rL + rI);
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    public long test11_interp(long l, MyValue2 v, int i) {
+        return v.hash() + i + l;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test11(long l, MyValue2 v, int i) {
+        return test11_interp(l, v, i);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test11")
+    public void test11_verifier() {
+        MyValue2 v = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        long result = test11(rL, v, rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, v.hashInterpreted() + rL + rI);
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    public long test12_interp(long l, MyValue1 v1, int i, MyValue2 v2) {
+        return v1.hash() + i + l + v2.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test12(long l, MyValue1 v1, int i, MyValue2 v2) {
+        return test12_interp(l, v1, i, v2);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test12")
+    public void test12_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 v1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue2 v2 = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        long result = test12(rL, v1, rI, v2);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, v1.hashInterpreted() + rL + rI + v2.hashInterpreted());
+    }
+
+    // Test that debug info at a call is correct
+    @DontCompile
+    public long test13_interp(MyValue2 v, MyValue1[] va, boolean deopt) {
+        if (deopt) {
+            // uncommon trap
+            deoptimize("test13", MyValue2.class, MyValue1[].class, boolean.class, long.class);
+        }
+        return v.hash() + va[0].hash() + va[1].hash();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test13(MyValue2 v, MyValue1[] va, boolean flag, long l) {
+        return test13_interp(v, va, flag) + l;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test13")
+    public void test13_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2 v = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 2, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        va[0] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        va[1] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        long result = test13(v, va, !info.isWarmUp(), rL);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, v.hashInterpreted() + va[0].hash() + va[1].hash() + rL);
+    }
+
+    // Test deoptimization at call return with value object returned in registers
+    @DontCompile
+    public MyValue2 test14_interp(boolean deopt) {
+        if (deopt) {
+            // uncommon trap
+            deoptimize("test14", boolean.class);
+        }
+        return MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue2 test14(boolean flag) {
+        return test14_interp(flag);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test14")
+    public void test14_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2 result = test14(!info.isWarmUp());
+        MyValue2 v = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v, result);
+    }
+
+    // Return value objects in registers from interpreter -> compiled
+    @NullRestricted
+    final MyValue3 test15_vt;
+
+    @DontCompile
+    public MyValue3 test15_interp() {
+        return test15_vt;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public MyValue3 test15() {
+        return test15_interp();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test15")
+    public void test15_verifier() {
+        test15_vt.verify(test15());
+    }
+
+    // Return value objects in registers from compiled -> interpreter
+    @NullRestricted
+    final MyValue3 test16_vt;
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public MyValue3 test16() {
+        return test16_vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test16")
+    public void test16_verifier() {
+        MyValue3 vt = test16();
+        test16_vt.verify(vt);
+    }
+
+    // Return value objects in registers from compiled -> compiled
+    @NullRestricted
+    final MyValue3 test17_vt;
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyValue3 test17_comp() {
+        return test17_vt;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public MyValue3 test17() {
+        return test17_comp();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test17")
+    public void test17_verifier(RunInfo info) throws Exception {
+        Method helper_m = getClass().getDeclaredMethod("test17_comp");
+        if (!info.isWarmUp() && TestFramework.isCompiled(helper_m)) {
+            TestFramework.compile(helper_m, CompLevel.C2);
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(helper_m);
+        }
+
+        test17_vt.verify(test17());
+    }
+
+    // Same tests as above but with a value class that cannot be returned in registers
+
+    // Return value objects in registers from interpreter -> compiled
+    @NullRestricted
+    final MyValue4 test18_vt;
+
+    @DontCompile
+    public MyValue4 test18_interp() {
+        return test18_vt;
+    }
+
+    MyValue4 test18_vt2;
+
+    @Test
+    public void test18() {
+        test18_vt2 = test18_interp();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test18")
+    public void test18_verifier() {
+        test18();
+        test18_vt.verify(test18_vt2);
+    }
+
+    // Return value objects in registers from compiled -> interpreter
+    @NullRestricted
+    final MyValue4 test19_vt;
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue4 test19() {
+        return test19_vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test19")
+    public void test19_verifier() {
+        MyValue4 vt = test19();
+        test19_vt.verify(vt);
+    }
+
+    // Return value objects in registers from compiled -> compiled
+    @NullRestricted
+    final MyValue4 test20_vt;
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyValue4 test20_comp() {
+        return test20_vt;
+    }
+
+    MyValue4 test20_vt2;
+
+    @Test
+    public void test20() {
+        test20_vt2 = test20_comp();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test20")
+    public void test20_verifier(RunInfo info) throws Exception {
+        Method helper_m = getClass().getDeclaredMethod("test20_comp");
+        if (!info.isWarmUp() && TestFramework.isCompiled(helper_m)) {
+            TestFramework.compile(helper_m, CompLevel.C2);
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(helper_m);
+        }
+        test20();
+        test20_vt.verify(test20_vt2);
+    }
+
+    // Test no result from inlined method for incremental inlining
+    @NullRestricted
+    final MyValue3 test21_vt;
+
+    public MyValue3 test21_inlined() {
+        throw new RuntimeException();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue3 test21() {
+        try {
+            return test21_inlined();
+        } catch (RuntimeException ex) {
+            return test21_vt;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test21")
+    public void test21_verifier() {
+        MyValue3 vt = test21();
+        test21_vt.verify(vt);
+    }
+
+    // Test returning a non-flattened value object as fields
+    MyValue3 test22_vt = MyValue3.create();
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue3 test22() {
+        return (MyValue3) test22_vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test22")
+    public void test22_verifier() {
+        MyValue3 vt = test22();
+        test22_vt.verify(vt);
+    }
+
+    // Test calling a method that has circular register/stack dependencies when unpacking value class arguments
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class TestValue23 {
+        double f1;
+
+        TestValue23(double val) {
+            f1 = val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static double test23Callee(int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6,
+                               TestValue23 v1, TestValue23 v2, TestValue23 v3, TestValue23 v4, TestValue23 v5, TestValue23 v6, TestValue23 v7, TestValue23 v8,
+                               double d1, double d2, double d3, double d4, double d5, double d6, double d7, double d8) {
+        return i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i5 + i6 + v1.f1 + v2.f1 + v3.f1 + v4.f1 + v5.f1 + v6.f1 + v7.f1 + v8.f1 + d1 + d2 + d3 + d4 + d5 + d6 + d7 + d8;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public double test23(int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5, int i6,
+                         TestValue23 v1, TestValue23 v2, TestValue23 v3, TestValue23 v4, TestValue23 v5, TestValue23 v6, TestValue23 v7, TestValue23 v8,
+                         double d1, double d2, double d3, double d4, double d5, double d6, double d7, double d8) {
+        return test23Callee(i1, i2, i3, i4, i5, i6,
+                            v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8,
+                            d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6, d7, d8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test23")
+    public void test23_verifier() {
+        TestValue23 vt = new TestValue23(rI);
+        double res1 = test23(rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI,
+                            vt, vt, vt, vt, vt, vt, vt, vt,
+                            rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI);
+        double res2 = test23Callee(rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI,
+                                   vt, vt, vt, vt, vt, vt, vt, vt,
+                                   rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI, rI);
+        double res3 = 6*rI + 8*rI + 8*rI;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res1, res2);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res2, res3);
+    }
+
+    // Should not return a nullable value object as fields
+    @Test
+    public MyValue2 test24() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test24")
+    public void test24_verifier() {
+        MyValue2 vt = test24();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, null);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test24 but with control flow and inlining
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValue2 test26_callee(boolean b) {
+        if (b) {
+            return null;
+        } else {
+            return MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue2 test26(boolean b) {
+        return test26_callee(b);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test26")
+    public void test26_verifier() {
+        MyValue2 vt = test26(true);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, null);
+        vt = test26(false);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD), vt);
+    }
+
+    // Test calling convention with deep hierarchy of flattened fields
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test27Value1 {
+        Test27Value2 valueField;
+
+        private Test27Value1(Test27Value2 val2) {
+            valueField = val2;
+        }
+
+        @DontInline
+        public int test(Test27Value1 val1) {
+            return valueField.test(valueField) + val1.valueField.test(valueField);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test27Value2 {
+        Test27Value3 valueField;
+
+        private Test27Value2(Test27Value3 val3) {
+            valueField = val3;
+        }
+
+        @DontInline
+        public int test(Test27Value2 val2) {
+            return valueField.test(valueField) + val2.valueField.test(valueField);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test27Value3 {
+        int x;
+
+        private Test27Value3(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+
+        @DontInline
+        public int test(Test27Value3 val3) {
+            return x + val3.x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public int test27(Test27Value1 val) {
+        return val.test(val);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test27")
+    public void test27_verifier() {
+        Test27Value3 val3 = new Test27Value3(rI);
+        Test27Value2 val2 = new Test27Value2(val3);
+        Test27Value1 val1 = new Test27Value1(val2);
+        int result = test27(val1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, 8*rI);
+    }
+
+    static final MyValue1 test28Val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+
+    @Test
+    public String test28() {
+        return test28Val.toString();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test28")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test28_verifier() {
+        String result = test28();
+    }
+
+    // Test calling a method returning a value object as fields via reflection
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue3 test29_vt;
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue3 test29() {
+        return test29_vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test29")
+    public void test29_verifier() throws Exception {
+        MyValue3 vt = (MyValue3)TestCallingConvention.class.getDeclaredMethod("test29").invoke(this);
+        test29_vt.verify(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue3 test30(MyValue3[] array) {
+        MyValue3 result = MyValue3.create();
+        array[0] = result;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test30")
+    public void test30_verifier() throws Exception {
+        MyValue3[] array = (MyValue3[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue3.class, 1, MyValue3.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue3 vt = (MyValue3)TestCallingConvention.class.getDeclaredMethod("test30", MyValue3[].class).invoke(this, (Object)array);
+        array[0].verify(vt);
+    }
+
+    MyValue3 test31_vt;
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue3 test31() {
+        MyValue3 result = MyValue3.create();
+        test31_vt = result;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test31")
+    public void test31_verifier() throws Exception {
+        MyValue3 vt = (MyValue3)TestCallingConvention.class.getDeclaredMethod("test31").invoke(this);
+        test31_vt.verify(vt);
+    }
+
+    // Test deoptimization at call return with value object returned in registers.
+    // Same as test14, except the interpreted method is called via a MethodHandle.
+    static MethodHandle test32_mh;
+
+    @DontCompile
+    public MyValue2 test32_interp(boolean deopt) {
+        if (deopt) {
+            // uncommon trap
+            deoptimize("test32", boolean.class);
+        }
+        return MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+32, rD);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue2 test32(boolean flag) throws Throwable {
+        return (MyValue2)test32_mh.invokeExact(this, flag);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test32")
+    public void test32_verifier(RunInfo info) throws Throwable {
+        MyValue2 result = test32(!info.isWarmUp());
+        MyValue2 v = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+32, rD);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v, result);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test32, except the return type is not flattenable.
+    static MethodHandle test33_mh;
+
+    @DontCompile
+    public Object test33_interp(boolean deopt) {
+        if (deopt) {
+            // uncommon trap
+            deoptimize("test33", boolean.class);
+        }
+        return MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+33, rD);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue2 test33(boolean flag) throws Throwable {
+        Object o = test33_mh.invokeExact(this, flag);
+        return (MyValue2)o;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test33")
+    public void test33_verifier(RunInfo info) throws Throwable {
+        MyValue2 result = test33(!info.isWarmUp());
+        MyValue2 v = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+33, rD);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v, result);
+    }
+
+    // Test selection of correct entry point in SharedRuntime::handle_wrong_method
+    static boolean test34_deopt = false;
+
+    @DontInline
+    public static long test34_callee(MyValue2 vt, int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(i1, rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(i2, rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(i3, rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(i4, rI);
+
+        if (test34_deopt) {
+            // uncommon trap
+            int result = 0;
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+                result += rL;
+            }
+            return vt.hash() + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + result;
+        }
+        return vt.hash() + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public static long test34(MyValue2 vt, int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4) {
+        return test34_callee(vt, i1, i2, i3, i4);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test34")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure test34_callee is compiled
+    public void test34_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2 vt = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        long result = test34(vt, rI, rI, rI, rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, vt.hash()+4*rI);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            test34_deopt = true;
+            for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
+                result = test34(vt, rI, rI, rI, rI);
+                Asserts.assertEQ(result, vt.hash()+4*rI+10*rL);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test OSR compilation of method with scalarized argument
+    @Test
+    public static long test35(MyValue2 vt, int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4) {
+        int result = 0;
+        // Trigger OSR compilation
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; ++i) {
+            result += i1;
+        }
+        return vt.hash() + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test35")
+    public void test35_verifier() {
+        MyValue2 vt = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        long result = test35(vt, rI, rI, rI, rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, vt.hash()+10004*rI);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test31 but with GC in callee to verify that the
+    // pre-allocated buffer for the returned value object remains valid.
+    MyValue3 test36_vt;
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue3 test36() {
+        MyValue3 result = MyValue3.create();
+        test36_vt = result;
+        System.gc();
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test36")
+    public void test36_verifier() throws Exception {
+        MyValue3 vt = (MyValue3)TestCallingConvention.class.getDeclaredMethod("test36").invoke(this);
+        test36_vt.verify(vt);
+    }
+
+    // Test method resolution with scalarized value object receiver at invokespecial
+    static final MethodHandle test37_mh;
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test37Value {
+        int x = rI;
+
+        @DontInline
+        public int test() {
+            return x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public int test37(Test37Value vt) throws Throwable {
+        // Generates invokespecial call of Test37Value::test
+        return (int)test37_mh.invokeExact(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test37")
+    public void test37_verifier() throws Throwable {
+        Test37Value vt = new Test37Value();
+        int res = test37(vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, rI);
+    }
+
+    // Test passing/returning an empty value object
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public MyValueEmpty test38(MyValueEmpty vt) {
+        return vt.copy(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test38")
+    public void test38_verifier() {
+        MyValueEmpty vt = new MyValueEmpty();
+        MyValueEmpty res = test38(vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, vt);
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class LargeValueWithOops {
+        // Use all 6 int registers + 50/2 on stack = 29
+        Object o1 = null;
+        Object o2 = null;
+        Object o3 = null;
+        Object o4 = null;
+        Object o5 = null;
+        Object o6 = null;
+        Object o7 = null;
+        Object o8 = null;
+        Object o9 = null;
+        Object o10 = null;
+        Object o11 = null;
+        Object o12 = null;
+        Object o13 = null;
+        Object o14 = null;
+        Object o15 = null;
+        Object o16 = null;
+        Object o17 = null;
+        Object o18 = null;
+        Object o19 = null;
+        Object o20 = null;
+        Object o21 = null;
+        Object o22 = null;
+        Object o23 = null;
+        Object o24 = null;
+        Object o25 = null;
+        Object o26 = null;
+        Object o27 = null;
+        Object o28 = null;
+        Object o29 = null;
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class LargeValueWithoutOops {
+        // Use all 6 int registers + 50/2 on stack = 29
+        int i1 = 0;
+        int i2 = 0;
+        int i3 = 0;
+        int i4 = 0;
+        int i5 = 0;
+        int i6 = 0;
+        int i7 = 0;
+        int i8 = 0;
+        int i9 = 0;
+        int i10 = 0;
+        int i11 = 0;
+        int i12 = 0;
+        int i13 = 0;
+        int i14 = 0;
+        int i15 = 0;
+        int i16 = 0;
+        int i17 = 0;
+        int i18 = 0;
+        int i19 = 0;
+        int i20 = 0;
+        int i21 = 0;
+        int i22 = 0;
+        int i23 = 0;
+        int i24 = 0;
+        int i25 = 0;
+        int i26 = 0;
+        int i27 = 0;
+        int i28 = 0;
+        int i29 = 0;
+        // Use all 7 float registers
+        double d1 = 0;
+        double d2 = 0;
+        double d3 = 0;
+        double d4 = 0;
+        double d5 = 0;
+        double d6 = 0;
+        double d7 = 0;
+        double d8 = 0;
+    }
+
+    // Test passing/returning a large value object with oop fields
+    @Test
+    public static LargeValueWithOops test39(LargeValueWithOops vt) {
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test39")
+    public void test39_verifier() {
+        LargeValueWithOops vt = new LargeValueWithOops();
+        LargeValueWithOops res = test39(vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, vt);
+    }
+
+    // Test passing/returning a large value object with only int/float fields
+    @Test
+    public static LargeValueWithoutOops test40(LargeValueWithoutOops vt) {
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test40")
+    public void test40_verifier() {
+        LargeValueWithoutOops vt = new LargeValueWithoutOops();
+        LargeValueWithoutOops res = test40(vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, vt);
+    }
+
+    // Test passing/returning an empty value object together with non-empty
+    // value objects such that only some value class arguments are scalarized.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public MyValueEmpty test41(MyValue1 vt1, MyValueEmpty vt2, MyValue1 vt3) {
+        return vt2.copy(vt2);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test41")
+    public void test41_verifier() {
+        MyValueEmpty res = test41(MyValue1.createDefaultInline(), new MyValueEmpty(), MyValue1.createDefaultInline());
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, new MyValueEmpty());
+    }
+
+    // More empty value class tests with containers
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class EmptyContainer {
+        @NullRestricted
+        private MyValueEmpty empty;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        EmptyContainer(MyValueEmpty empty) {
+            this.empty = empty;
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        MyValueEmpty getInline() { return empty; }
+
+        @DontInline
+        MyValueEmpty getNoInline() { return empty; }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MixedContainer {
+        public int val;
+        @NullRestricted
+        private EmptyContainer empty;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        MixedContainer(int val, EmptyContainer empty) {
+            this.val = val;
+            this.empty = empty;
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        EmptyContainer getInline() { return empty; }
+
+        @DontInline
+        EmptyContainer getNoInline() { return empty; }
+    }
+
+    // Empty value object return
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public MyValueEmpty test42() {
+        EmptyContainer c = new EmptyContainer(new MyValueEmpty());
+        return c.getInline();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test42")
+    public void test42_verifier() {
+        MyValueEmpty empty = test42();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(empty, new MyValueEmpty());
+    }
+
+    // Empty value class container return
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public EmptyContainer test43(EmptyContainer c) {
+        return c;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test43")
+    public void test43_verifier() {
+        EmptyContainer empty = new EmptyContainer(new MyValueEmpty());
+        EmptyContainer c = test43(empty);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(c, empty);
+    }
+
+    // Empty value class container (mixed) return
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public MixedContainer test44() {
+        MixedContainer c = new MixedContainer(rI, new EmptyContainer(new MyValueEmpty()));
+        c = new MixedContainer(rI, c.getInline());
+        return c;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test44")
+    public void test44_verifier() {
+        MixedContainer c = test44();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(c, new MixedContainer(rI, new EmptyContainer(new MyValueEmpty())));
+    }
+
+    // Empty value class container argument
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public EmptyContainer test45(EmptyContainer c) {
+        return new EmptyContainer(c.getInline());
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test45")
+    public void test45_verifier() {
+        EmptyContainer empty = new EmptyContainer(new MyValueEmpty());
+        EmptyContainer c = test45(empty);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(c, empty);
+    }
+
+    // Empty value class container and mixed container arguments
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public MyValueEmpty test46(EmptyContainer c1, MixedContainer c2, MyValueEmpty empty) {
+        c2 = new MixedContainer(c2.val, c1);
+        return c2.getNoInline().getNoInline();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test46")
+    public void test46_verifier() {
+        MyValueEmpty empty = test46(new EmptyContainer(new MyValueEmpty()), new MixedContainer(0, new EmptyContainer(new MyValueEmpty())), new MyValueEmpty());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(empty, new MyValueEmpty());
+    }
+
+    // No receiver and only empty argument
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public static MyValueEmpty test47(MyValueEmpty empty) {
+        return empty;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test47")
+    public void test47_verifier() {
+        MyValueEmpty empty = test47(new MyValueEmpty());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(empty,new MyValueEmpty());
+    }
+
+    // No receiver and only empty container argument
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public static MyValueEmpty test48(EmptyContainer empty) {
+        return empty.getNoInline();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test48")
+    public void test48_verifier() {
+        MyValueEmpty empty = test48(new EmptyContainer(new MyValueEmpty()));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(empty, new MyValueEmpty());
+    }
+
+    // Test conditional value class return with incremental inlining
+    public MyValue3 test49_inlined1(boolean b) {
+        if (b) {
+            return MyValue3.create();
+        } else {
+            return MyValue3.create();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public MyValue3 test49_inlined2(boolean b) {
+        return test49_inlined1(b);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test49(boolean b) {
+        test49_inlined2(b);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test49")
+    public void test49_verifier() {
+        test49(true);
+        test49(false);
+    }
+
+    // Variant of test49 with result verification (triggered different failure mode)
+    @NullRestricted
+    final MyValue3 test50_vt;
+    @NullRestricted
+    final MyValue3 test50_vt2;
+
+    public MyValue3 test50_inlined1(boolean b) {
+        if (b) {
+            return test50_vt;
+        } else {
+            return test50_vt2;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public MyValue3 test50_inlined2(boolean b) {
+        return test50_inlined1(b);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test50(boolean b) {
+        MyValue3 vt = test50_inlined2(b);
+        vt.verify(b ? test50_vt : test50_vt2);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test50")
+    public void test50_verifier() {
+        test50(true);
+        test50(false);
+    }
+
+    // Test stack repair with stack slots reserved for monitors
+    private static final Object lock1 = new Object();
+    private static final Object lock2 = new Object();
+    private static final Object lock3 = new Object();
+
+    @DontInline
+    static void test51_callee() { }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test51(MyValue1 val) {
+        synchronized (lock1) {
+            test51_callee();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test51")
+    public void test51_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        test51(vt);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    static void test52_callee() { }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test52(MyValue1 val) {
+        synchronized (lock1) {
+            synchronized (lock2) {
+                test52_callee();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test52")
+    public void test52_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        test52(vt);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    static void test53_callee() { }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test53(MyValue1 val) {
+        synchronized (lock1) {
+            synchronized (lock2) {
+                synchronized (lock3) {
+                    test53_callee();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test53")
+    public void test53_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        test53(vt);
+    }
+
+    static MethodHandle test54_mh;
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyValue2 test54_callee() {
+        return MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+    }
+
+    // Test that method handle invocation does not block scalarization of return value
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test54(Method m, boolean b1, boolean b2) throws Throwable {
+        MyInterface obj = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        if (b1) {
+            obj = (MyValue2)test54_mh.invokeExact(this);
+        }
+        if (b2) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+            return obj.hash();
+        }
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test54")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test54_verifier(RunInfo info) throws Throwable {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test54(info.getTest(), true, false), -1L);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test54(info.getTest(), false, false), -1L);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            MyValue2 v = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test54(info.getTest(), true, true), v.hash());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyValue2 test55_callee() {
+        return MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+    }
+
+    // Test scalarization of nullable return value that is unused
+    @Test
+    public void test55() {
+        test55_callee();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test55")
+    public void test55_verifier() {
+        test55();
+    }
+
+    static MethodHandle test56_mh;
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyValue2 test56_callee(boolean b) {
+        return b ? MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD) : null;
+    }
+
+    // Test that scalarization of nullable return works properly for method handle calls
+    @Test
+    public MyValue2 test56(boolean b) throws Throwable {
+        return (MyValue2)test56_mh.invokeExact(this, b);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test56")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test56_verifier(RunInfo info) throws Throwable {
+        MyValue2 vt = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, test56(true));
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(null, test56(false));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test value class (Boolean) return from native method
+    @Test
+    public boolean test57(WhiteBox wb) {
+        return wb.getBooleanVMFlag("UseArrayFlattening");
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test57")
+    public void test57_verifier() {
+        WhiteBox wb = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test57(wb), wb.getBooleanVMFlag("UseArrayFlattening"));
+    }
+
+    // Test abstract value class with flat fields
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    abstract value class MyAbstract58 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue58Inline nullfree = new MyValue58Inline();
+
+        MyValue58Inline nullable = new MyValue58Inline();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    value class MyValue58Inline {
+        int x = rI;
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    value class MyValue58A extends MyAbstract58 {
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    value class MyValue58B extends MyAbstract58 {
+        int x = rI;
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    value class MyValue58C extends MyAbstract58 {
+        int x = rI;
+
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue1 nullfree = MyValue1.DEFAULT;
+
+        MyValue1 nullable = null;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue58C test58(MyValue58A arg1, MyValue58B arg2, MyValue58C arg3) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(arg1, new MyValue58A());
+        Asserts.assertEQ(arg2, new MyValue58B());
+        Asserts.assertEQ(arg3, new MyValue58C());
+        return arg3;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test58")
+    public void test58_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test58(new MyValue58A(), new MyValue58B(), new MyValue58C()), new MyValue58C());
+    }
+
+    static MethodHandle test59_mh;
+
+    public static MyValue2 test59_callee(MyValue2 arg) {
+        int div = 0;
+        int res = 42 / div; // Always throws an ArithmeticException
+        return arg;
+    }
+
+    // Method handle with a scalarized return that will always throw an exception
+    @Test
+    public static MyValue2 test59(MyValue2 val) throws Throwable {
+        return (MyValue2)test59_mh.invokeExact(val);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test59")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Trigger compilation of LambdaForm method
+    public void test59_verifier() throws Throwable {
+        try {
+            test59(null);
+        } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    static interface Interface60 {
+        public void m(MyValue2 val);
+    }
+
+    static class Impl60_1 implements Interface60 {
+        public void m(MyValue2 val) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val, MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD));
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Impl60_2 implements Interface60 {
+        public void m(MyValue2 val) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val, MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD));
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Impl60_3 implements Interface60 {
+        public void m(MyValue2 val) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val, MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Verify that the scalarized calling convention works for abstract methods
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public void test60(Interface60 intf) {
+        intf.m(MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD));
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test60")
+    public void test60_verifier() {
+        test60(new Impl60_1());
+        test60(new Impl60_2());
+        test60(new Impl60_3());
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class ValueClass61 {
+        public abstract void m(MyValue2 val);
+    }
+
+    static value class Impl61_1 extends ValueClass61 {
+        public void m(MyValue2 val) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val, MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD));
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class Impl61_2 extends ValueClass61 {
+        public void m(MyValue2 val) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val, MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD));
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class Impl61_3 extends ValueClass61 {
+        public void m(MyValue2 val) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val, MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test60 but with abstract value class
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public void test61(ValueClass61 intf) {
+        intf.m(MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD));
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test61")
+    public void test61_verifier() {
+        test61(new Impl61_1());
+        test61(new Impl61_2());
+        test61(new Impl61_3());
+    }
+
+    public static abstract value class ValueClass62 {
+        public abstract void m(MyValue2 val);
+    }
+
+    public static value class Impl62_1 extends ValueClass62 {
+        @ForceInline
+        public void m(MyValue2 val) {
+            // Empty to keep IR matching in test62 simple
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Hide the second subclass from the IR framework to prevent it from class loading
+    static class Holder {
+        static value class Impl62_2 extends ValueClass62 {
+            public void m(MyValue2 val) {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(val, MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test strength reduction of virtual call to static call with scalarized receiver
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, CALL_OF_METHOD, "m"})
+    public static void test62(ValueClass62 intf, MyValue2 val) {
+        intf.m(val);
+    }
+
+    static boolean alwaysFalse = false;
+
+    @Run(test = "test62")
+    public void test62_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test62(new Impl62_1(), MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD));
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            test62(new Holder.Impl62_2(), MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD));
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestCallingConventionC1.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestCallingConventionC1.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..31387bb7eb7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestCallingConventionC1.java
@@ -0,0 +1,2404 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.rI;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.rL;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test calls from {C1} to {C2, Interpreter}, and vice versa.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver/timeout=300 ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+@ForceCompileClassInitializer
+public class TestCallingConventionC1 {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        final Scenario[] scenarios = {
+                // Default: both C1 and C2 are enabled, tiered compilation enabled
+                new Scenario(0,
+                             "--enable-preview",
+                             "-XX:CICompilerCount=2",
+                             "-XX:TieredStopAtLevel=4",
+                             "-XX:+TieredCompilation"),
+                // Default: both C1 and C2 are enabled, tiered compilation enabled
+                new Scenario(1,
+                             "--enable-preview",
+                             "-XX:CICompilerCount=2",
+                             "-XX:TieredStopAtLevel=4",
+                             "-XX:+TieredCompilation",
+                             "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
+                             "-XX:+StressCallingConvention"),
+                // Same as above, but flip all the compLevel=CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE and compLevel=CompLevel.C2, so we test
+                // the compliment of the above scenario.
+                new Scenario(2,
+                             "--enable-preview",
+                             "-XX:CICompilerCount=2",
+                             "-XX:TieredStopAtLevel=4",
+                             "-XX:+TieredCompilation",
+                             "-DFlipC1C2=true"),
+                // Only C1. Tiered compilation disabled.
+                new Scenario(3,
+                             "--enable-preview",
+                             "-XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1",
+                             "-XX:+TieredCompilation",
+                             "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
+                             "-XX:-PatchALot"),
+                // Only C2.
+                new Scenario(4,
+                             "--enable-preview",
+                             "-XX:TieredStopAtLevel=4",
+                             "-XX:-TieredCompilation")
+        };
+
+        System.gc(); // Resolve this call, to avoid C1 code patching in the test cases.
+
+        InlineTypes.getFramework()
+                   .addScenarios(scenarios)
+                   .start();
+    }
+
+    // Helper methods and classes
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Point {
+        int x;
+        int y;
+        public Point(int x, int y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+
+        @DontCompile
+        public int func() {
+            return x + y;
+        }
+
+        @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+        @DontInline
+        public int func_c1(Point p) {
+            return x + y + p.x + p.y;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static interface FunctorInterface {
+        public int apply_interp(Point p);
+    }
+
+    static class Functor implements FunctorInterface {
+        @DontCompile
+        public int apply_interp(Point p) {
+            return p.func() + 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Functor1 extends Functor {
+        @DontCompile
+        public int apply_interp(Point p) {
+            return p.func() + 10000;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Functor2 extends Functor {
+        @DontCompile
+        public int apply_interp(Point p) {
+            return p.func() + 20000;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Functor3 extends Functor {
+        @DontCompile
+        public int apply_interp(Point p) {
+            return p.func() + 30000;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Functor4 extends Functor {
+        @DontCompile
+        public int apply_interp(Point p) {
+            return p.func() + 40000;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Functor functors[] = {
+        new Functor(),
+        new Functor1(),
+        new Functor2(),
+        new Functor3(),
+        new Functor4()
+    };
+    static int functorCounter = 0;
+    static Functor getFunctor() {
+        int n = (++ functorCounter) % functors.length;
+        return functors[n];
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    static Point pointField  = new Point(123, 456);
+    @NullRestricted
+    static Point pointField1 = new Point(1123, 1456);
+    @NullRestricted
+    static Point pointField2 = new Point(2123, 2456);
+
+    static interface Intf {
+        public int func1(int a, int b);
+        public int func2(int a, int b, Point p);
+    }
+
+    static class MyImplPojo0 implements Intf {
+        int field = 0;
+        @DontCompile
+        public int func1(int a, int b)             { return field + a + b + 1; }
+        @DontCompile
+        public int func2(int a, int b, Point p)     { return field + a + b + p.x + p.y + 1; }
+    }
+
+    static class MyImplPojo1 implements Intf {
+        int field = 1000;
+
+        @DontInline
+        @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+        public int func1(int a, int b)             { return field + a + b + 20; }
+
+        @DontInline
+        @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+        public int func2(int a, int b, Point p)    { return field + a + b + p.x + p.y + 20; }
+    }
+
+    static class MyImplPojo2 implements Intf {
+        int field = 2000;
+
+        @DontInline
+        @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C2)
+        public int func1(int a, int b)             { return field + a + b + 20; }
+
+        @DontInline
+        @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C2)
+        public int func2(int a, int b, Point p)    { return field + a + b + p.x + p.y + 20; }
+    }
+
+    static class MyImplPojo3 implements Intf {
+        int field = 0;
+        @DontInline // will be compiled with counters
+        public int func1(int a, int b)             { return field + a + b + 1; }
+        @DontInline // will be compiled with counters
+        public int func2(int a, int b, Point p)     { return field + a + b + p.x + p.y + 1; }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyImplVal1 implements Intf {
+        int field;
+        MyImplVal1() {
+            field = 11000;
+        }
+
+        @DontInline
+        @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+        public int func1(int a, int b) { return field + a + b + 300; }
+
+        @DontInline
+        @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+        public int func2(int a, int b, Point p)    { return field + a + b + p.x + p.y + 300; }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyImplVal2 implements Intf {
+        int field;
+        MyImplVal2() {
+            field = 12000;
+        }
+
+        @DontInline
+        @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C2)
+        public int func1(int a, int b)             { return field + a + b + 300; }
+
+        @DontInline
+        @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C2)
+        public int func2(int a, int b, Point p)    { return field + a + b + p.x + p.y + 300; }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyImplVal1X implements Intf {
+        int field;
+        MyImplVal1X() {
+            field = 11000;
+        }
+
+        @DontCompile
+        public int func1(int a, int b)             { return field + a + b + 300; }
+
+        @DontCompile
+        public int func2(int a, int b, Point p)    { return field + a + b + p.x + p.y + 300; }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyImplVal2X implements Intf {
+        int field;
+        MyImplVal2X() {
+            field = 12000;
+        }
+
+        @DontInline // will be compiled with counters
+        public int func1(int a, int b)             { return field + a + b + 300; }
+
+        @DontInline // will be compiled with counters
+        public int func2(int a, int b, Point p)    { return field + a + b + p.x + p.y + 300; }
+    }
+
+    static Intf intfs[] = {
+        new MyImplPojo0(), // methods not compiled
+        new MyImplPojo1(), // methods compiled by C1
+        new MyImplPojo2(), // methods compiled by C2
+        new MyImplVal1(),  // methods compiled by C1
+        new MyImplVal2()   // methods compiled by C2
+    };
+    static Intf getIntf(int i) {
+        int n = i % intfs.length;
+        return intfs[n];
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class FixedPoints {
+        boolean Z0 = false;
+        boolean Z1 = true;
+        byte    B  = (byte)2;
+        char    C  = (char)34;
+        short   S  = (short)456;
+        int     I  = 5678;
+        long    J  = 0x1234567800abcdefL;
+    }
+    @NullRestricted
+    static FixedPoints fixedPointsField = new FixedPoints();
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class FloatPoint {
+        float x;
+        float y;
+        public FloatPoint(float x, float y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class DoublePoint {
+        double x;
+        double y;
+        public DoublePoint(double x, double y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+    }
+    @NullRestricted
+    static FloatPoint floatPointField = new FloatPoint(123.456f, 789.012f);
+    @NullRestricted
+    static DoublePoint doublePointField = new DoublePoint(123.456, 789.012);
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class EightFloats {
+        float f1, f2, f3, f4, f5, f6, f7, f8;
+        public EightFloats() {
+            f1 = 1.1f;
+            f2 = 2.2f;
+            f3 = 3.3f;
+            f4 = 4.4f;
+            f5 = 5.5f;
+            f6 = 6.6f;
+            f7 = 7.7f;
+            f8 = 8.8f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static EightFloats eightFloatsField = new EightFloats();
+
+    static class Number {
+        int n;
+        Number(int v) {
+            n = v;
+        }
+        void set(int v) {
+            n = v;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static interface RefPointAccess {
+        public int func1(RefPoint rp2);
+        public int func2(RefPoint rp1, RefPoint rp2, Number n1, RefPoint rp3, RefPoint rp4, Number n2);
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class RefPoint implements RefPointAccess {
+        Number x;
+        Number y;
+        public RefPoint(int x, int y) {
+            this.x = new Number(x);
+            this.y = new Number(y);
+        }
+        public RefPoint(Number x, Number y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+
+        @DontInline
+        @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+        public final int final_func(RefPoint rp2) { // opt_virtual_call
+            return this.x.n + this.y.n + rp2.x.n + rp2.y.n;
+        }
+
+        @DontInline
+        @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+        public int func1(RefPoint rp2) {
+            return this.x.n + this.y.n + rp2.x.n + rp2.y.n;
+        }
+
+        @DontInline
+        @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+        public int func2(RefPoint rp1, RefPoint rp2, Number n1, RefPoint rp3, RefPoint rp4, Number n2) {
+            return x.n + y.n +
+                   rp1.x.n + rp1.y.n +
+                   rp2.x.n + rp2.y.n +
+                   n1.n +
+                   rp3.x.n + rp3.y.n +
+                   rp4.x.n + rp4.y.n +
+                   n2.n;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class RefPointAccessImpl1 implements RefPointAccess {
+        @DontCompile
+        public int func1(RefPoint rp2) {
+            return rp2.x.n + rp2.y.n + 1111111;
+        }
+        @DontInline
+        @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+        public int func2(RefPoint rp1, RefPoint rp2, Number n1, RefPoint rp3, RefPoint rp4, Number n2) {
+            return 111111 +
+                   rp1.x.n + rp1.y.n +
+                   rp2.x.n + rp2.y.n +
+                   n1.n +
+                   rp3.x.n + rp3.y.n +
+                   rp4.x.n + rp4.y.n +
+                   n2.n;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class RefPointAccessImpl2 implements RefPointAccess {
+        @DontCompile
+        public int func1(RefPoint rp2) {
+            return rp2.x.n + rp2.y.n + 2222222;
+        }
+        @DontInline
+        @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+        public int func2(RefPoint rp1, RefPoint rp2, Number n1, RefPoint rp3, RefPoint rp4, Number n2) {
+            return 222222 +
+                   rp1.x.n + rp1.y.n +
+                   rp2.x.n + rp2.y.n +
+                   n1.n +
+                   rp3.x.n + rp3.y.n +
+                   rp4.x.n + rp4.y.n +
+                   n2.n;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static RefPointAccess refPoint_Access_impls[] = {
+        new RefPointAccessImpl1(),
+        new RefPointAccessImpl2(),
+        new RefPoint(0x12345, 0x6789a)
+    };
+
+    static int next_RefPointAccess = 0;
+    static RefPointAccess get_RefPointAccess() {
+        int i = next_RefPointAccess ++;
+        return refPoint_Access_impls[i % refPoint_Access_impls.length];
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    static RefPoint refPointField1 = new RefPoint(12, 34);
+    @NullRestricted
+    static RefPoint refPointField2 = new RefPoint(56789, 0x12345678);
+
+    // This value class has too many fields to fit in registers on x64 for
+    // InlineTypeReturnedAsFields.
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class TooBigToReturnAsFields {
+        int a0 = 0;
+        int a1 = 1;
+        int a2 = 2;
+        int a3 = 3;
+        int a4 = 4;
+        int a5 = 5;
+        int a6 = 6;
+        int a7 = 7;
+        int a8 = 8;
+        int a9 = 9;
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    static TooBigToReturnAsFields tooBig = new TooBigToReturnAsFields();
+
+    //**********************************************************************
+    // PART 1 - C1 calls interpreted code
+    //**********************************************************************
+
+    //** C1 passes value object to interpreter (static)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public int test1() {
+        return test1_helper(pointField);
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    private static int test1_helper(Point p) {
+        return p.func();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test1")
+    public void test1_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 10;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            int result = test1() + i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, pointField.func() + i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    //** C1 passes value object to interpreter (monomorphic)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public int test2() {
+        return test2_helper(pointField);
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    private int test2_helper(Point p) {
+        return p.func();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test2")
+    public void test2_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 10;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            int result = test2() + i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, pointField.func() + i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C1 passes value object to interpreter (megamorphic: vtable)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public int test3(Functor functor) {
+        return functor.apply_interp(pointField);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test3")
+    public void test3_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 100;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {  // need a loop to test inline cache and vtable indexing
+            Functor functor = info.isWarmUp() ? functors[0] : getFunctor();
+            int result = test3(functor) + i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, functor.apply_interp(pointField) + i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test3, but compiled with C2. Test the hastable of VtableStubs
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test3b(Functor functor) {
+        return functor.apply_interp(pointField);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test3b")
+    public void test3b_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 100;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {  // need a loop to test inline cache and vtable indexing
+            Functor functor = info.isWarmUp() ? functors[0] : getFunctor();
+            int result = test3b(functor) + i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, functor.apply_interp(pointField) + i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C1 passes value object to interpreter (megamorphic: itable)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public int test4(FunctorInterface fi) {
+        return fi.apply_interp(pointField);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test4")
+    public void test4_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 100;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {  // need a loop to test inline cache and itable indexing
+            Functor functor = info.isWarmUp() ? functors[0] : getFunctor();
+            int result = test4(functor) + i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, functor.apply_interp(pointField) + i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    //**********************************************************************
+    // PART 2 - interpreter calls C1
+    //**********************************************************************
+
+    // Interpreter passes value object to C1 (static)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    static public int test20(Point p1, long l, Point p2) {
+        return p1.x + p2.y;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test20")
+    public void test20_verifier() {
+        int result = test20(pointField1, 0, pointField2);
+        int n = pointField1.x + pointField2.y;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+    }
+
+    // Interpreter passes value object to C1 (instance method in value class)
+    @Test
+    public int test21(Point p) {
+        return test21_helper(p);
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    int test21_helper(Point p) {
+        return p.func_c1(p);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test21")
+    public void test21_verifier() {
+        int result = test21(pointField);
+        int n = 2 * (pointField.x + pointField.y);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+    }
+
+
+    //**********************************************************************
+    // PART 3 - C2 calls C1
+    //**********************************************************************
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, single inline arg
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test30() {
+        return test30_helper(pointField);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static int test30_helper(Point p) {
+        return p.x + p.y;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test30")
+    public void test30_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 2;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            int result = test30();
+            int n = pointField.x + pointField.y;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, two single inline args
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test31() {
+      return test31_helper(pointField1, pointField2);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static int test31_helper(Point p1, Point p2) {
+        return p1.x + p2.y;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test31")
+    public void test31_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 2;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            int result = test31();
+            int n = pointField1.x + pointField2.y;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, two single inline args and interleaving ints (all passed in registers on x64)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test32() {
+      return test32_helper(0, pointField1, 1, pointField2);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static int test32_helper(int x, Point p1, int y, Point p2) {
+        return p1.x + p2.y + x + y;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test32")
+    public void test32_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 2;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            int result = test32();
+            int n = pointField1.x + pointField2.y + 0 + 1;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokeinterface -- no verified_ro_entry (no inline args except for receiver)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test33(Intf intf, int a, int b) {
+        return intf.func1(a, b);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test33")
+    public void test33_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 20;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            Intf intf = info.isWarmUp() ? intfs[0] : getIntf(i+1);
+            int result = test33(intf, 123, 456) + i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, intf.func1(123, 456) + i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokeinterface -- use verified_ro_entry (has inline args other than receiver)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test34(Intf intf, int a, int b) {
+        return intf.func2(a, b, pointField);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test34")
+    public void test34_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 20;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            Intf intf = info.isWarmUp() ? intfs[0] : getIntf(i+1);
+            int result = test34(intf, 123, 456) + i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, intf.func2(123, 456, pointField) + i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, Point.y is on stack (x64)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test35() {
+        return test35_helper(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, pointField);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static int test35_helper(int a1, int a2, int a3, int a4, int a5, Point p) {
+        return a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 + a5 + p.x + p.y;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test35")
+    public void test35_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 2;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            int result = test35();
+            int n = 1 + 2 + 3  + 4 + 5 + pointField.x + pointField.y;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, shuffling arguments that are passed on stack
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test36() {
+        return test36_helper(pointField, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static int test36_helper(Point p, int a1, int a2, int a3, int a4, int a5, int a6, int a7, int a8) {
+        return a6 + a8;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test36")
+    public void test36_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 2;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            int result = test36();
+            int n = 6 + 8;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, shuffling long arguments
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test37() {
+        return test37_helper(pointField, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static int test37_helper(Point p, long a1, long a2, long a3, long a4, long a5, long a6, long a7, long a8) {
+        return (int)(a6 + a8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test37")
+    public void test37_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 2;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            int result = test37();
+            int n = 6 + 8;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, shuffling boolean, byte, char, short, int, long arguments
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test38() {
+        return test38_helper(pointField, true, (byte)1, (char)2, (short)3, 4, 5, (byte)6, (short)7, 8);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static int test38_helper(Point p, boolean a0, byte a1, char a2, short a3, int a4, long a5, byte a6, short a7, int a8) {
+        if (a0) {
+            return (int)(a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 + a5 + a6 + a7 + a8);
+        } else {
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test38")
+    public void test38_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 2;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            int result = test38();
+            int n = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, packing a value object with all types of fixed point primitive fields.
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public long test39() {
+        return test39_helper(1, fixedPointsField, 2, fixedPointsField);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static long test39_helper(int a1, FixedPoints f1, int a2, FixedPoints f2) {
+        if (f1.Z0 == false && f1.Z1 == true && f2.Z0 == false && f2.Z1 == true) {
+            return f1.B + f2.C + f1.S + f2.I + f1.J;
+        } else {
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test39")
+    public void test39_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 2;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            long result = test39();
+            long n = test39_helper(1, fixedPointsField, 2, fixedPointsField);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, shuffling floating point args
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public double test40() {
+        return test40_helper(1.1f, 1.2, floatPointField, doublePointField, 1.3f, 1.4, 1.5f, 1.7, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static double test40_helper(float a1, double a2, FloatPoint fp, DoublePoint dp, float a3, double a4, float a5, double a6, double a7, double a8, double a9, double a10, double a11, double a12) {
+        return a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 + a5 + a6 + a7 + a8 + a9 + a10 + a11 + a12 + fp.x + fp.y - dp.x - dp.y;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test40")
+    public void test40_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 2;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            double result = test40();
+            double n = test40_helper(1.1f, 1.2, floatPointField, doublePointField, 1.3f, 1.4, 1.5f, 1.7, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, mixing floats and ints
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public double test41() {
+        return test41_helper(1, 1.2, pointField, floatPointField, doublePointField, 1.3f, 4, 1.5f, 1.7, 1.7, 1.8, 9, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static double test41_helper(int a1, double a2, Point p, FloatPoint fp, DoublePoint dp, float a3, int a4, float a5, double a6, double a7, double a8, long a9, double a10, double a11, double a12) {
+      return a1 + a2  + fp.x + fp.y - dp.x - dp.y + a3 + a4 + a5 + a6 + a7 + a8 + a9 + a10 + a11 + a12;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test41")
+    public void test41_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 2;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            double result = test41();
+            double n = test41_helper(1, 1.2, pointField, floatPointField, doublePointField, 1.3f, 4, 1.5f, 1.7, 1.7, 1.8, 9, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, circular dependency (between rdi and first stack slot on x64)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public float test42() {
+        return test42_helper(eightFloatsField, pointField, 3, 4, 5, floatPointField, 7);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static float test42_helper(EightFloats ep1, // (xmm0 ... xmm7) -> rsi
+                                       Point p2,        // (rsi, rdx) -> rdx
+                                       int i3,          // rcx -> rcx
+                                       int i4,          // r8 -> r8
+                                       int i5,          // r9 -> r9
+                                       FloatPoint fp6,  // (stk[0], stk[1]) -> rdi   ** circ depend
+                                       int i7)          // rdi -> stk[0]             ** circ depend
+    {
+        return ep1.f1 + ep1.f2 + ep1.f3 + ep1.f4 + ep1.f5 + ep1.f6 + ep1.f7 + ep1.f8 +
+            p2.x + p2.y + i3 + i4 + i5 + fp6.x + fp6.y + i7;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test42")
+    public void test42_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 2;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            float result = test42();
+            float n = test42_helper(eightFloatsField, pointField, 3, 4, 5, floatPointField, 7);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, packing causes stack growth (1 extra stack word)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public float test43() {
+        return test43_helper(floatPointField, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static float test43_helper(FloatPoint fp, int a1, int a2, int a3, int a4, int a5, int a6) {
+        // On x64:
+        //    Scalarized entry -- all parameters are passed in registers
+        //    Non-scalarized entry -- a6 is passed on stack[0]
+        return fp.x + fp.y + a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 + a5 + a6;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test43")
+    public void test43_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 2;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            float result = test43();
+            float n = test43_helper(floatPointField, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, packing causes stack growth (2 extra stack words)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public float test44() {
+      return test44_helper(floatPointField, floatPointField, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static float test44_helper(FloatPoint fp1, FloatPoint fp2, int a1, int a2, int a3, int a4, int a5, int a6) {
+        // On x64:
+        //    Scalarized entry -- all parameters are passed in registers
+        //    Non-scalarized entry -- a5 is passed on stack[0]
+        //    Non-scalarized entry -- a6 is passed on stack[1]
+        return fp1.x + fp1.y +
+               fp2.x + fp2.y +
+               a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 + a5 + a6;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test44")
+    public void test44_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 2;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            float result = test44();
+            float n = test44_helper(floatPointField, floatPointField, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, packing causes stack growth (5 extra stack words)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public float test45() {
+      return test45_helper(floatPointField, floatPointField, floatPointField, floatPointField, floatPointField, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static float test45_helper(FloatPoint fp1, FloatPoint fp2, FloatPoint fp3, FloatPoint fp4, FloatPoint fp5, int a1, int a2, int a3, int a4, int a5, int a6, int a7) {
+        return fp1.x + fp1.y +
+               fp2.x + fp2.y +
+               fp3.x + fp3.y +
+               fp4.x + fp4.y +
+               fp5.x + fp5.y +
+               a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 + a5 + a6 + a7;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test45")
+    public void test45_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 2;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            float result = test45();
+            float n = test45_helper(floatPointField, floatPointField, floatPointField, floatPointField, floatPointField, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, packing causes stack growth (1 extra stack word -- mixing Point and FloatPoint)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public float test46() {
+      return test46_helper(floatPointField, floatPointField, pointField, floatPointField, floatPointField, pointField, floatPointField, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static float test46_helper(FloatPoint fp1, FloatPoint fp2, Point p1, FloatPoint fp3, FloatPoint fp4, Point p2, FloatPoint fp5, int a1, int a2, int a3, int a4, int a5, int a6, int a7) {
+        return p1.x + p1.y +
+               p2.x + p2.y +
+               fp1.x + fp1.y +
+               fp2.x + fp2.y +
+               fp3.x + fp3.y +
+               fp4.x + fp4.y +
+               fp5.x + fp5.y +
+               a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 + a5 + a6 + a7;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test46")
+    public void test46_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 2;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            float result = test46();
+            float n = test46_helper(floatPointField, floatPointField, pointField, floatPointField, floatPointField, pointField, floatPointField, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class MyRuntimeException extends RuntimeException {
+        MyRuntimeException(String s) {
+            super(s);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void checkStackTrace(Throwable t, String... methodNames) {
+        StackTraceElement[] trace = t.getStackTrace();
+        for (int i = 0; i < methodNames.length; i++) {
+            if (!methodNames[i].equals(trace[i].getMethodName())) {
+                String error = "Unexpected stack trace: level " + i + " should be " + methodNames[i];
+                System.out.println(error);
+                t.printStackTrace(System.out);
+                throw new RuntimeException(error, t);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    //*
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, make sure stack walking works (with static variable)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public void test47(int n) {
+        try {
+            test47_helper(floatPointField, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
+            test47_value = 666;
+        } catch (MyRuntimeException e) {
+            // expected;
+        }
+        test47_value = n;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static float test47_helper(FloatPoint fp, int a1, int a2, int a3, int a4, int a5) {
+        test47_thrower();
+        return 0.0f;
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    private static void test47_thrower() {
+        MyRuntimeException e = new MyRuntimeException("This exception should have been caught!");
+        checkStackTrace(e, "test47_thrower", "test47_helper", "test47", "test47_verifier");
+        throw e;
+    }
+
+    static int test47_value = 999;
+
+    @Run(test = "test47")
+    public void test47_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 5;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            test47_value = 777 + i;
+            test47(i);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test47_value, i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, make sure stack walking works (with returned value object)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test48(int n) {
+        try {
+            test48_helper(floatPointField, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
+            return 666;
+        } catch (MyRuntimeException e) {
+            // expected;
+        }
+        return n;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static float test48_helper(FloatPoint fp, int a1, int a2, int a3, int a4, int a5) {
+        test48_thrower();
+        return 0.0f;
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    private static void test48_thrower() {
+        MyRuntimeException e = new MyRuntimeException("This exception should have been caught!");
+        checkStackTrace(e, "test48_thrower", "test48_helper", "test48", "test48_verifier");
+        throw e;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test48")
+    public void test48_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 5;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            int n = test48(i);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(n, i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->interpreter invokestatic, make sure stack walking works (same as test 48, but with stack extension/repair)
+    // (this is the baseline for test50 --
+    // the only difference is: test49_helper is interpreted but test50_helper is compiled by C1).
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test49(int n) {
+        try {
+            test49_helper(floatPointField, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6);
+            return 666;
+        } catch (MyRuntimeException e) {
+            // expected;
+        }
+        return n;
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    private static float test49_helper(FloatPoint fp, int a1, int a2, int a3, int a4, int a5, int a6) {
+        test49_thrower();
+        return 0.0f;
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    private static void test49_thrower() {
+        MyRuntimeException e = new MyRuntimeException("This exception should have been caught!");
+        checkStackTrace(e, "test49_thrower", "test49_helper", "test49", "test49_verifier");
+        throw e;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test49")
+    public void test49_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 5;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            int n = test49(i);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(n, i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, make sure stack walking works (same as test 48, but with stack extension/repair)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test50(int n) {
+        try {
+            test50_helper(floatPointField, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6);
+            return 666;
+        } catch (MyRuntimeException e) {
+            // expected;
+        }
+        return n;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static float test50_helper(FloatPoint fp, int a1, int a2, int a3, int a4, int a5, int a6) {
+        test50_thrower();
+        return 0.0f;
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    private static void test50_thrower() {
+        MyRuntimeException e = new MyRuntimeException("This exception should have been caught!");
+        checkStackTrace(e, "test50_thrower", "test50_helper", "test50", "test50_verifier");
+        throw e;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test50")
+    public void test50_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 5;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            int n = test50(i);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(n, i);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, value class with ref fields (RefPoint)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test51() {
+        return test51_helper(refPointField1);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static int test51_helper(RefPoint rp1) {
+        return rp1.x.n + rp1.y.n;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test51")
+    public void test51_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 5;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            int result = test51();
+            int n = test51_helper(refPointField1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, value class with ref fields (Point, RefPoint)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test52() {
+        return test52_helper(pointField, refPointField1);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static int test52_helper(Point p1, RefPoint rp1) {
+        return p1.x + p1.y + rp1.x.n + rp1.y.n;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test52")
+    public void test52_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 5;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            int result = test52();
+            int n = test52_helper(pointField, refPointField1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, value class with ref fields (RefPoint, RefPoint, RefPoint, RefPoint)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test53() {
+        return test53_helper(refPointField1, refPointField2, refPointField1, refPointField2);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static int test53_helper(RefPoint rp1, RefPoint rp2, RefPoint rp3, RefPoint rp4) {
+        return rp1.x.n + rp1.y.n +
+               rp2.x.n + rp2.y.n +
+               rp3.x.n + rp3.y.n +
+               rp4.x.n + rp4.y.n;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test53")
+    public void test53_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 5;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            int result = test53();
+            int n = test53_helper(refPointField1, refPointField2, refPointField1, refPointField2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, value class with ref fields (RefPoint, RefPoint, float, int, RefPoint, RefPoint)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test54() {
+        return test54_helper(refPointField1, refPointField2, 1.0f, 2, refPointField1, refPointField2);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static int test54_helper(RefPoint rp1, RefPoint rp2, float f, int i, RefPoint rp3, RefPoint rp4) {
+        return rp1.x.n + rp1.y.n +
+               rp2.x.n + rp2.y.n +
+               (int)(f) + i +
+               rp3.x.n + rp3.y.n +
+               rp4.x.n + rp4.y.n;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test54")
+    public void test54_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 5;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            int result = test54();
+            int n = test54_helper(refPointField1, refPointField2, 1.0f, 2, refPointField1, refPointField2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Each allocation with a "try" block like this will cause a GC
+     *
+     *       try (ForceGCMarker m = ForceGCMarker.mark(warmup)) {
+     *           result = test55(p1);
+     *       }
+     */
+
+    static final String ScavengeALot = "ScavengeALot";
+
+    static class ForceGCMarker implements java.io.Closeable {
+        ForceGCMarker() {
+            WhiteBox.getWhiteBox().setBooleanVMFlag(ScavengeALot, true);
+        }
+        public void close() {
+            WhiteBox.getWhiteBox().setBooleanVMFlag(ScavengeALot, false);
+        }
+
+        static ForceGCMarker mark(boolean warmup) {
+            return warmup ? null : new ForceGCMarker();
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, force GC for every allocation when entering a C1 VEP (Point)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test55(Point p1) {
+        return test55_helper(p1);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static int test55_helper(Point p1) {
+        return p1.x + p1.y;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test55")
+    public void test55_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 5;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            Point p1 = new Point(1, 2);
+            int result;
+            try (ForceGCMarker m = ForceGCMarker.mark(info.isWarmUp())) {
+                result = test55(p1);
+            }
+            int n = test55_helper(p1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, force GC for every allocation when entering a C1 VEP (RefPoint)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test56(RefPoint rp1) {
+        return test56_helper(rp1);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static int test56_helper(RefPoint rp1) {
+        return rp1.x.n + rp1.y.n;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test56")
+    public void test56_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 5;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            RefPoint rp1 = new RefPoint(1, 2);
+            int result;
+            try (ForceGCMarker m = ForceGCMarker.mark(info.isWarmUp())) {
+                result = test56(rp1);
+            }
+            int n = test56_helper(rp1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->Interpreter (same as test56, but test C2i entry instead of C1)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test57(RefPoint rp1) {
+        return test57_helper(rp1);
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    private static int test57_helper(RefPoint rp1) {
+        return rp1.x.n + rp1.y.n;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test57")
+    public void test57_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 5;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            RefPoint rp1 = new RefPoint(1, 2);
+            int result;
+            try (ForceGCMarker m = ForceGCMarker.mark(info.isWarmUp())) {
+                result = test57(rp1);
+            }
+            int n = test57_helper(rp1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, force GC for every allocation when entering a C1 VEP (a bunch of RefPoints and Numbers);
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test58(RefPoint rp1, RefPoint rp2, Number n1, RefPoint rp3, RefPoint rp4, Number n2) {
+        return test58_helper(rp1, rp2, n1, rp3, rp4, n2);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static int test58_helper(RefPoint rp1, RefPoint rp2, Number n1, RefPoint rp3, RefPoint rp4, Number n2) {
+        return rp1.x.n + rp1.y.n +
+               rp2.x.n + rp2.y.n +
+               n1.n +
+               rp3.x.n + rp3.y.n +
+               rp4.x.n + rp4.y.n +
+               n2.n;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test58")
+    public void test58_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 5;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            RefPoint rp1 = new RefPoint(1, 2);
+            RefPoint rp2 = refPointField1;
+            RefPoint rp3 = new RefPoint(222, 777);
+            RefPoint rp4 = refPointField2;
+            Number n1 = new Number(5878);
+            Number n2 = new Number(1234);
+            int result;
+            try (ForceGCMarker m = ForceGCMarker.mark(info.isWarmUp())) {
+                result = test58(rp1, rp2, n1, rp3, rp4, n2);
+            }
+            int n = test58_helper(rp1, rp2, n1, rp3, rp4, n2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, GC inside main body of C1-compiled method (caller's args should not be GC'ed).
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test59(RefPoint rp1, boolean doGC) {
+      return test59_helper(rp1, 11, 222, 3333, 4444, doGC);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static int test59_helper(RefPoint rp1, int a1, int a2, int a3, int a4, boolean doGC) {
+        if (doGC) {
+            System.gc();
+        }
+        return rp1.x.n + rp1.y.n + a1 + a2 + a3 + a4;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test59")
+    public void test59_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 5;
+        boolean doGC = !info.isWarmUp();
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            RefPoint rp1 = new RefPoint(1, 2);
+            int result = test59(rp1, doGC);
+            int n = test59_helper(rp1, 11, 222, 3333, 4444, doGC);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, GC inside main body of C1-compiled method (caller's args should not be GC'ed).
+    // same as test59, but the incoming (scalarized) oops are passed in both registers and stack.
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test60(RefPoint rp1, RefPoint rp2, boolean doGC) {
+        return test60_helper(555, 6666, 77777, rp1, rp2, 11, 222, 3333, 4444, doGC);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static int test60_helper(int x0, int x1, int x2, RefPoint rp1, RefPoint rp2,int a1, int a2, int a3, int a4, boolean doGC) {
+        // On x64, C2 passes:   reg0=x1, reg1=x1, reg2=x2, reg3=rp1.x, reg4=rp1.y, reg5=rp2.x stack0=rp2.y ....
+        //         C1 expects:  reg0=x1, reg1=x1, reg2=x2, reg3=rp1,   reg4=rp2,   reg5=a1    stack0=a2 ...
+        // When GC happens, make sure it does not treat reg5 and stack0 as oops!
+        if (doGC) {
+            System.gc();
+        }
+        return x0 + x1 + x2 + rp1.x.n + rp1.y.n + rp2.x.n + rp2.y.n + a1 + a2 + a3 + a4;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test60")
+    public void test60_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 5;
+        boolean doGC = !info.isWarmUp();
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            RefPoint rp1 = new RefPoint(1, 2);
+            RefPoint rp2 = new RefPoint(33, 44);
+            int result = test60(rp1, rp2, doGC);
+            int n = test60_helper(555, 6666, 77777, rp1, rp2, 11, 222, 3333, 4444, doGC);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokeinterface via VVEP(RO)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test61(RefPointAccess rpa, RefPoint rp2) {
+        return rpa.func1(rp2);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test61")
+    public void test61_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 20;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            RefPointAccess rpa = get_RefPointAccess();
+            RefPoint rp2 = refPointField2;
+            int result = test61(rpa, rp2);
+            int n = rpa.func1(rp2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokeinterface via VVEP(RO) -- force GC for every allocation when entering a C1 VVEP(RO) (RefPoint)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test62(RefPointAccess rpa, RefPoint rp2) {
+        return rpa.func1(rp2);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test62")
+    public void test62_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 20;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            RefPointAccess rpa = get_RefPointAccess();
+            RefPoint rp2 = new RefPoint(111, 2222);
+            int result;
+            try (ForceGCMarker m = ForceGCMarker.mark(info.isWarmUp())) {
+                result = test62(rpa, rp2);
+            }
+            int n = rpa.func1(rp2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokeinterface via VVEP(RO) -- force GC for every allocation when entering a C1 VVEP(RO) (a bunch of RefPoints and Numbers)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test63(RefPointAccess rpa, RefPoint rp1, RefPoint rp2, Number n1, RefPoint rp3, RefPoint rp4, Number n2) {
+        return rpa.func2(rp1, rp2, n1, rp3, rp4, n2);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test63")
+    public void test63_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 20;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            RefPointAccess rpa = get_RefPointAccess();
+            RefPoint rp1 = new RefPoint(1, 2);
+            RefPoint rp2 = refPointField1;
+            RefPoint rp3 = new RefPoint(222, 777);
+            RefPoint rp4 = refPointField2;
+            Number n1 = new Number(5878);
+            Number n2 = new Number(1234);
+            int result;
+            try (ForceGCMarker m = ForceGCMarker.mark(info.isWarmUp())) {
+                result = test63(rpa, rp1, rp2, n1, rp3, rp4, n2);
+            }
+            int n = rpa.func2(rp1, rp2, n1, rp3, rp4, n2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic (same as test63, but use invokestatic instead)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test64(RefPointAccess rpa, RefPoint rp1, RefPoint rp2, Number n1, RefPoint rp3, RefPoint rp4, Number n2) {
+        return test64_helper(rpa, rp1, rp2, n1, rp3, rp4, n2);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public static int test64_helper(RefPointAccess rpa, RefPoint rp1, RefPoint rp2, Number n1, RefPoint rp3, RefPoint rp4, Number n2) {
+        return rp3.y.n;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test64")
+    public void test64_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 20;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            RefPointAccess rpa = get_RefPointAccess();
+            RefPoint rp1 = new RefPoint(1, 2);
+            RefPoint rp2 = refPointField1;
+            RefPoint rp3 = new RefPoint(222, 777);
+            RefPoint rp4 = refPointField2;
+            Number n1 = new Number(5878);
+            Number n2 = new Number(1234);
+            int result;
+            try (ForceGCMarker m = ForceGCMarker.mark(info.isWarmUp())) {
+                result = test64(rpa, rp1, rp2, n1, rp3, rp4, n2);
+            }
+            int n = test64_helper(rpa, rp1, rp2, n1, rp3, rp4, n2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokevirtual via VVEP(RO) (opt_virtual_call)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test76(RefPoint rp1, RefPoint rp2) {
+        return rp1.final_func(rp2);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test76")
+    public void test76_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 5;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            RefPoint rp1 = refPointField1;
+            RefPoint rp2 = refPointField2;
+            int result = test76(rp1, rp2);
+            int n = rp1.final_func(rp2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokevirtual, force GC for every allocation when entering a C1 VEP (RefPoint)
+    // Same as test56, except we call the VVEP(RO) instead of VEP.
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test77(RefPoint rp1, RefPoint rp2) {
+        return rp1.final_func(rp2);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test77")
+    public void test77_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 5;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { // need a loop to test inline cache
+            RefPoint rp1 = new RefPoint(1, 2);
+            RefPoint rp2 = new RefPoint(22, 33);
+            int result;
+            try (ForceGCMarker m = ForceGCMarker.mark(info.isWarmUp())) {
+                result = test77(rp1, rp2);
+            }
+            int n = rp1.final_func(rp2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Tests for how C1 handles InlineTypeReturnedAsFields in both calls and returns
+    //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic with InlineTypeReturnedAsFields (Point)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test78(Point p) {
+        Point np = test78_helper(p);
+        return np.x + np.y;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static Point test78_helper(Point p) {
+        return p;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test78")
+    public void test78_verifier() {
+        int result = test78(pointField1);
+        int n = pointField1.x + pointField1.y;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic with InlineTypeReturnedAsFields (RefPoint)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test79(RefPoint p) {
+        RefPoint np = test79_helper(p);
+        return np.x.n + np.y.n;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static RefPoint test79_helper(RefPoint p) {
+        return p;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test79")
+    public void test79_verifier() {
+        int result = test79(refPointField1);
+        int n = refPointField1.x.n + refPointField1.y.n;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+    }
+
+    // C1->C2 invokestatic with InlineTypeReturnedAsFields (RefPoint)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public int test80(RefPoint p) {
+        RefPoint np = test80_helper(p);
+        return np.x.n + np.y.n;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C2)
+    private static RefPoint test80_helper(RefPoint p) {
+        return p;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test80")
+    public void test80_verifier() {
+        int result = test80(refPointField1);
+        int n = refPointField1.x.n + refPointField1.y.n;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+    }
+
+    // Interpreter->C1 invokestatic with InlineTypeReturnedAsFields (Point)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public Point test81(Point p) {
+        return p;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test81")
+    public void test81_verifier() {
+        Point p = test81(pointField1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(p.x, pointField1.x);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(p.y, pointField1.y);
+        p = test81(pointField2);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(p.x, pointField2.x);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(p.y, pointField2.y);
+    }
+
+    // C1->Interpreter invokestatic with InlineTypeReturnedAsFields (RefPoint)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public int test82(RefPoint p) {
+        RefPoint np = test82_helper(p);
+        return np.x.n + np.y.n;
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    private static RefPoint test82_helper(RefPoint p) {
+        return p;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test82")
+    public void test82_verifier() {
+        int result = test82(refPointField1);
+        int n = refPointField1.x.n + refPointField1.y.n;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+    }
+
+    //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Tests for InlineTypeReturnedAsFields vs the value class TooBigToReturnAsFields
+    //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic with InlineTypeReturnedAsFields (TooBigToReturnAsFields)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test83(TooBigToReturnAsFields p) {
+        TooBigToReturnAsFields np = test83_helper(p);
+        return p.a0 + p.a5;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static TooBigToReturnAsFields test83_helper(TooBigToReturnAsFields p) {
+        return p;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test83")
+    public void test83_verifier() {
+        int result = test83(tooBig);
+        int n = tooBig.a0 + tooBig.a5;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+    }
+
+    // C1->C2 invokestatic with InlineTypeReturnedAsFields (TooBigToReturnAsFields)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public int test84(TooBigToReturnAsFields p) {
+        TooBigToReturnAsFields np = test84_helper(p);
+        return p.a0 + p.a5;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C2)
+    private static TooBigToReturnAsFields test84_helper(TooBigToReturnAsFields p) {
+        return p;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test84")
+    public void test84_verifier() {
+        int result = test84(tooBig);
+        int n = tooBig.a0 + tooBig.a5;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+    }
+
+    // Interpreter->C1 invokestatic with InlineTypeReturnedAsFields (TooBigToReturnAsFields)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public TooBigToReturnAsFields test85(TooBigToReturnAsFields p) {
+        return p;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test85")
+    public void test85_verifier() {
+        TooBigToReturnAsFields p = test85(tooBig);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(p.a0, tooBig.a0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(p.a2, tooBig.a2);
+    }
+
+    // C1->Interpreter invokestatic with InlineTypeReturnedAsFields (TooBigToReturnAsFields)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public int test86(TooBigToReturnAsFields p) {
+        TooBigToReturnAsFields np = test86_helper(p);
+        return p.a0 + p.a5;
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    private static TooBigToReturnAsFields test86_helper(TooBigToReturnAsFields p) {
+        return p;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test86")
+    public void test86_verifier() {
+        int result = test86(tooBig);
+        int n = tooBig.a0 + tooBig.a5;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+    }
+
+    //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Tests for how C1 handles InlineTypeReturnedAsFields in both calls and returns
+    //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic with InlineTypeReturnedAsFields (RefPoint)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public RefPoint test87(RefPoint p) {
+        return test87_helper(p);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static RefPoint test87_helper(RefPoint p) {
+        return p;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test87")
+    public void test87_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test87(null), null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test87(refPointField1), refPointField1);
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic with InlineTypeReturnedAsFields (RefPoint with constant null)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public RefPoint test88() {
+        return test88_helper();
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static RefPoint test88_helper() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test88")
+    public void test88_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test88(), null);
+    }
+
+    // C1->C2 invokestatic with InlineTypeReturnedAsFields (RefPoint)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public RefPoint test89(RefPoint p) {
+        return test89_helper(p);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C2)
+    private static RefPoint test89_helper(RefPoint p) {
+        return p;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test89")
+    public void test89_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test89(null), null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test89(refPointField1), refPointField1);
+    }
+
+    //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Tests for unverified entries: there are 6 cases:
+    // C1 -> Unverified Value Entry compiled by C1
+    // C1 -> Unverified Value Entry compiled by C2
+    // C2 -> Unverified Entry compiled by C1 (target is NOT a value class)
+    // C2 -> Unverified Entry compiled by C2 (target is NOT a value class)
+    // C2 -> Unverified Entry compiled by C1 (target IS a value class, i.e., has VVEP_RO)
+    // C2 -> Unverified Entry compiled by C2 (target IS a value class, i.e., has VVEP_RO)
+    //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    // C1->C1 invokeinterface -- call Unverified Value Entry of MyImplPojo1.func2 (compiled by C1)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public int test90(Intf intf, int a, int b) {
+        return intf.func2(a, b, pointField);
+    }
+
+    static Intf test90_intfs[] = {
+        new MyImplPojo1(),
+        new MyImplPojo2(),
+    };
+
+    @Run(test = "test90")
+    public void test90_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 20;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            Intf intf = test90_intfs[i % test90_intfs.length];
+            int result = test90(intf, 123, 456) + i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, intf.func2(123, 456, pointField) + i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C1->C2 invokeinterface -- call Unverified Value Entry of MyImplPojo2.func2 (compiled by C2)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public int test91(Intf intf, int a, int b) {
+        return intf.func2(a, b, pointField);
+    }
+
+    static Intf test91_intfs[] = {
+        new MyImplPojo2(),
+        new MyImplPojo1(),
+    };
+
+    @Run(test = "test91")
+    public void test91_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 20;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            Intf intf = test91_intfs[i % test91_intfs.length];
+            int result = test91(intf, 123, 456) + i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, intf.func2(123, 456, pointField) + i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokeinterface -- call Unverified Entry of MyImplPojo1.func2 (compiled by C1)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test92(Intf intf, int a, int b) {
+        return intf.func2(a, b, pointField);
+    }
+
+    static Intf test92_intfs[] = {
+        new MyImplPojo1(),
+        new MyImplPojo2(),
+    };
+
+    @Run(test = "test92")
+    public void test92_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 20;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            Intf intf = test92_intfs[i % test92_intfs.length];
+            int result = test92(intf, 123, 456) + i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, intf.func2(123, 456, pointField) + i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C2 invokeinterface -- call Unverified Entry of MyImplPojo2.func2 (compiled by C2)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test93(Intf intf, int a, int b) {
+        return intf.func2(a, b, pointField);
+    }
+
+    static Intf test93_intfs[] = {
+        new MyImplPojo2(),
+        new MyImplPojo1(),
+    };
+
+    @Run(test = "test93")
+    public void test93_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 20;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            Intf intf = test93_intfs[i % test93_intfs.length];
+            int result = test93(intf, 123, 456) + i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, intf.func2(123, 456, pointField) + i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokeinterface -- call Unverified Entry of MyImplVal1.func2 (compiled by C1 - has VVEP_RO)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test94(Intf intf, int a, int b) {
+        return intf.func2(a, b, pointField);
+    }
+
+    static Intf test94_intfs[] = {
+        new MyImplVal1(),
+        new MyImplVal2(),
+    };
+
+    @Run(test = "test94")
+    public void test94_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 20;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            Intf intf = test94_intfs[i % test94_intfs.length];
+            int result = test94(intf, 123, 456) + i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, intf.func2(123, 456, pointField) + i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C2 invokeinterface -- call Unverified Entry of MyImplVal2.func2 (compiled by C2 - has VVEP_RO)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test95(Intf intf, int a, int b) {
+        return intf.func2(a, b, pointField);
+    }
+
+    static Intf test95_intfs[] = {
+        new MyImplVal2(),
+        new MyImplVal1(),
+    };
+
+    @Run(test = "test95")
+    public void test95_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 20;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            Intf intf = test95_intfs[i % test95_intfs.length];
+            int result = test95(intf, 123, 456) + i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, intf.func2(123, 456, pointField) + i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C1->C2 GC handling in StubRoutines::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf()
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public RefPoint test96(RefPoint rp, boolean b) {
+        RefPoint p = test96_helper(rp);
+        if (b) {
+            return rp;
+        }
+        return p;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C2)
+    public RefPoint test96_helper(RefPoint rp) {
+        return rp;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test96")
+    public void test96_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 20000; // Do enough iteration to cause GC inside StubRoutines::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf
+        Number x = new Number(10); // old object
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            Number y = new Number(i); // new object for each iteraton
+            RefPoint rp1 = new RefPoint(x, y);
+            RefPoint rp2 = test96(rp1, info.isWarmUp());
+
+            Asserts.assertEQ(rp1.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(rp1.y, y);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(rp1.y.n, i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C1->C1  - caller is compiled first. It invokes callee(test97) a few times while the
+    //           callee is executed by the interpreter. Then, callee is compiled
+    //           and SharedRuntime::fixup_callers_callsite is called to fix up the
+    //           callsite from test97_verifier->test97.
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public int test97(Point p1, Point p2) {
+        return test97_helper(p1, p2);
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    public int test97_helper(Point p1, Point p2) {
+        return p1.x + p1.y + p2.x + p2.y;
+    }
+
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public void test97_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 20;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            int result = test97(pointField1, pointField2);
+            int n = test97_helper(pointField1, pointField2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test97")
+    public void run_test97_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test97_verifier(info);
+    }
+
+    // C1->C2  - same as test97, except the callee is compiled by C2.
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test98(Point p1, Point p2) {
+        return test98_helper(p1, p2);
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    public int test98_helper(Point p1, Point p2) {
+        return p1.x + p1.y + p2.x + p2.y;
+    }
+
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public void test98_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 20;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            int result = test98(pointField1, pointField2);
+            int n = test98_helper(pointField1, pointField2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test98")
+    public void run_test98_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test98_verifier(info);
+    }
+
+    // C1->C2  - same as test97, except the callee is a static method.
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public static int test99(Point p1, Point p2) {
+        return test99_helper(p1, p2);
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    public static int test99_helper(Point p1, Point p2) {
+        return p1.x + p1.y + p2.x + p2.y;
+    }
+
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public void test99_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 20;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            int result = test99(pointField1, pointField2);
+            int n = test99_helper(pointField1, pointField2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test99")
+    public void run_test99_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test99_verifier(info);
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokestatic, packing causes stack growth (1 extra stack word).
+    // Make sure stack frame is set up properly for GC.
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public float test100(FloatPoint fp1, FloatPoint fp2, RefPoint rp, int a1, int a2, int a3, int a4) {
+        return test100_helper(fp1, fp2, rp, a1, a2, a3, a4);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    private static float test100_helper(FloatPoint fp1, FloatPoint fp2, RefPoint rp, int a1, int a2, int a3, int a4) {
+        // On x64:
+        //    Scalarized entry -- all parameters are passed in registers
+        //          xmm0 = fp1.x
+        //          xmm1 = fp1.y
+        //          xmm2 = fp2.x
+        //          xmm3 = fp2.y
+        //          rsi  = rp.x  (oop)
+        //          rdx  = rp.y  (oop)
+        //          cx   = a1
+        //          r8   = a2
+        //          r9   = a3
+        //          di   = a4
+        //    Non-scalarized entry -- a6 is passed on stack[0]
+        //          rsi  = fp1
+        //          rdx  = fp2
+        //          rcx  = rp
+        //          r8   = a1
+        //          r9   = a2
+        //          di   = a3
+        //    [sp + ??]  = a4
+        return fp1.x + fp1.y + fp2.x + fp2.y + rp.x.n + rp.y.n + a1 + a2 + a3 + a4;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test100")
+    public void test100_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 4;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            FloatPoint fp1 = new FloatPoint(i+0,  i+11);
+            FloatPoint fp2 = new FloatPoint(i+222, i+3333);
+            RefPoint rp = new RefPoint(i+44444, i+555555);
+            float result;
+            try (ForceGCMarker m = ForceGCMarker.mark(info.isWarmUp())) {
+                result = test100(fp1, fp2, rp, 1, 2, 3, 4);
+            }
+            float n = test100_helper(fp1, fp2, rp, 1, 2, 3, 4);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C1->C2 force GC for every allocation when storing the returned
+    // fields back into a buffered object.
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public RefPoint test101(RefPoint rp) {
+        return test101_helper(rp);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C2)
+    public RefPoint test101_helper(RefPoint rp) {
+        return rp;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test101")
+    public void test101_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 5;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            RefPoint rp = new RefPoint(1, 2);
+            Object x = rp.x;
+            Object y = rp.y;
+            RefPoint result = new RefPoint(3, 4);
+            try (ForceGCMarker m = ForceGCMarker.mark(info.isWarmUp())) {
+                result = test101(rp);
+            }
+            Asserts.assertEQ(rp.x, result.x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(rp.y, result.y);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(x, result.x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(y, result.y);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test101, except we have Interpreter->C2 instead.
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public RefPoint test102(RefPoint rp) {
+        return test102_interp(rp);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public RefPoint test102_interp(RefPoint rp) {
+        return test102_helper(rp);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    @ForceCompile(CompLevel.C2)
+    public RefPoint test102_helper(RefPoint rp) {
+        return rp;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test102")
+    public void test102_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 5;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            RefPoint rp = new RefPoint(11, 22);
+            Object x = rp.x;
+            Object y = rp.y;
+            RefPoint result = new RefPoint(333, 444);
+            try (ForceGCMarker m = ForceGCMarker.mark(info.isWarmUp())) {
+                result = test102(rp);
+            }
+            Asserts.assertEQ(rp.x, result.x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(rp.y, result.y);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(x, result.x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(y, result.y);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public void test103() {
+        // when this method is compiled by C1, the Test103Value class is not yet loaded.
+        test103_v = new Test103Value(); // invokestatic "Test103Value.<init>()QTest103Value;"
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test103Value {
+        int x = rI;
+    }
+
+    static Object test103_v;
+
+    @Run(test = "test103")
+    public void test103_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp()) {
+            // Make sure test103() is compiled before Test103Value is loaded
+            return;
+        }
+        test103();
+        Test103Value v = (Test103Value)test103_v;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v.x, rI);
+    }
+
+
+    // Same as test103, but with a value class that's too big to return as fields.
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public void test104() {
+        // when this method is compiled by C1, the Test104Value class is not yet loaded.
+        test104_v = new Test104Value(); // invokestatic "Test104Value.<init>()QTest104Value;"
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test104Value {
+        long x0 = rL;
+        long x1 = rL;
+        long x2 = rL;
+        long x3 = rL;
+        long x4 = rL;
+        long x5 = rL;
+        long x6 = rL;
+        long x7 = rL;
+        long x8 = rL;
+        long x9 = rL;
+        long xa = rL;
+        long xb = rL;
+        long xc = rL;
+        long xd = rL;
+        long xe = rL;
+        long xf = rL;
+    }
+
+    static Object test104_v;
+
+    @Run(test = "test104")
+    public void test104_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp()) {
+            // Make sure test104() is compiled before Test104Value is loaded
+            return;
+        }
+        test104();
+        Test104Value v = (Test104Value)test104_v;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v.x0, rL);
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokeinterface -- call Unverified Entry of MyImplVal1.func1 (compiled by C1 - has VVEP_RO)
+    /// (same as test94, except we are calling func1, which shares VVEP and VVEP_RO
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test105(Intf intf, int a, int b) {
+        return intf.func1(a, b);
+    }
+
+    static Intf test105_intfs[] = {
+        new MyImplVal1(),
+        new MyImplVal2(),
+    };
+
+    @Run(test = "test105")
+    public void test105_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 20;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            Intf intf = test105_intfs[i % test105_intfs.length];
+            int result = test105(intf, 123, 456) + i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, intf.func1(123, 456) + i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C2 invokeinterface -- call Unverified Entry of MyImplVal2.func1 (compiled by C2 - has VVEP_RO)
+    /// (same as test95, except we are calling func1, which shares VVEP and VVEP_RO
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C2)
+    public int test106(Intf intf, int a, int b) {
+        return intf.func1(a, b);
+    }
+
+    static Intf test106_intfs[] = {
+        new MyImplVal2(),
+        new MyImplVal1(),
+    };
+
+    @Run(test = "test106")
+    public void test106_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int count = info.isWarmUp() ? 1 : 20;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            Intf intf = test106_intfs[i % test106_intfs.length];
+            int result = test106(intf, 123, 456) + i;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, intf.func1(123, 456) + i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // C2->C1 invokeinterface -- C2 calls call Unverified Entry of MyImplVal2X.func1 (compiled by
+    //                           C1, with VVEP_RO==VVEP)
+    // This test is developed to validate JDK-8230325.
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.WAIT_FOR_COMPILATION)
+    public int test107(Intf intf, int a, int b) {
+        return intf.func1(a, b);
+    }
+
+    @ForceCompile
+    public void test107_verifier() {
+        Intf intf1 = new MyImplVal1X();
+        Intf intf2 = new MyImplVal2X();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+            test107(intf1, 123, 456);
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < 500_000; i++) {
+            // Run enough loops so that test107 will be compiled by C2.
+            if (i % 30 == 0) {
+                // This will indirectly call MyImplVal2X.func1, but the call frequency is low, so
+                // test107 will be compiled by C2, but MyImplVal2X.func1 will compiled by C1 only.
+                int result = test107(intf2, 123, 456) + i;
+                Asserts.assertEQ(result, intf2.func1(123, 456) + i);
+            } else {
+                // Call test107 with a mix of intf1 and intf2, so C2 will use a virtual call (not an optimized call)
+                // for the invokeinterface bytecode in test107.
+                test107(intf1, 123, 456);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test107")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void run_test107_verifier() {
+        test107_verifier();
+    }
+
+    // Same as test107, except we call MyImplVal2X.func2 (compiled by C1, VVEP_RO != VVEP)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.WAIT_FOR_COMPILATION)
+    public int test108(Intf intf, int a, int b) {
+        return intf.func2(a, b, pointField);
+    }
+
+    @ForceCompile
+    public void test108_verifier() {
+        Intf intf1 = new MyImplVal1X();
+        Intf intf2 = new MyImplVal2X();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+            test108(intf1, 123, 456);
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < 500_000; i++) {
+            // Run enough loops so that test108 will be compiled by C2.
+            if (i % 30 == 0) {
+                // This will indirectly call MyImplVal2X.func2, but the call frequency is low, so
+                // test108 will be compiled by C2, but MyImplVal2X.func2 will compiled by C1 only.
+                int result = test108(intf2, 123, 456) + i;
+                Asserts.assertEQ(result, intf2.func2(123, 456, pointField) + i);
+            } else {
+                // Call test108 with a mix of intf1 and intf2, so C2 will use a virtual call (not an optimized call)
+                // for the invokeinterface bytecode in test108.
+                test108(intf1, 123, 456);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test108")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void run_test108_verifier() {
+        test108_verifier();
+    }
+
+    // Same as test107, except we call MyImplPojo3.func2 (compiled by C1, VVEP_RO == VEP)
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.WAIT_FOR_COMPILATION)
+    public int test109(Intf intf, int a, int b) {
+        return intf.func2(a, b, pointField);
+    }
+
+    @ForceCompile
+    public void test109_verifier() {
+        Intf intf1 = new MyImplPojo0();
+        Intf intf2 = new MyImplPojo3();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+            test109(intf1, 123, 456);
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < 500_000; i++) {
+            // Run enough loops so that test109 will be compiled by C2.
+            if (i % 30 == 0) {
+                // This will indirectly call MyImplPojo3.func2, but the call frequency is low, so
+                // test109 will be compiled by C2, but MyImplPojo3.func2 will compiled by C1 only.
+                int result = test109(intf2, 123, 456) + i;
+                Asserts.assertEQ(result, intf2.func2(123, 456, pointField) + i);
+            } else {
+                // Call test109 with a mix of intf1 and intf2, so C2 will use a virtual call (not an optimized call)
+                // for the invokeinterface bytecode in test109.
+                test109(intf1, 123, 456);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test109")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void run_test109_verifier() {
+        test109_verifier();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestCastMismatch.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestCastMismatch.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ca6a914282e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestCastMismatch.java
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2024, Arm Limited. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8309650
+ * @summary Fix mismatch inline type issue during method calls
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xcomp
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestCastMismatch
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.util.Random;
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+
+public class TestCastMismatch {
+    private static int LOOP_COUNT = 50000;
+
+    private static final Random RD = Utils.getRandomInstance();
+
+    public static MultiValues add(MultiValues v1, MultiValues v2) {
+        return v1.factory(v1.value1() + v2.value1(), v1.value2() + v2.value2());
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Point p1 = new Point(RD.nextInt(), RD.nextInt());
+        Point p2 = new Point(RD.nextInt(), RD.nextInt());
+        for (int i = 0; i < LOOP_COUNT; i++) {
+            p1 = (Point) add(p1, p2);
+        }
+
+        System.out.println("PASS");
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class MultiValues {
+        public abstract int value1();
+        public abstract int value2();
+        public abstract MultiValues factory(int value1, int value2);
+    }
+
+    static value class Point extends MultiValues {
+        private int x;
+        private int y;
+
+        private Point(int x, int y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int value1() {
+            return x;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int value2() {
+            return y;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Point factory(int value1, int value2) {
+            return new Point(value1, value2);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestDeadAllocationRemoval.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestDeadAllocationRemoval.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3987144b314
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestDeadAllocationRemoval.java
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8230397
+ * @summary TestDeadAllocRem removal of an already dead AllocateNode with not-yet removed proj outputs.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestDeadAllocationRemoval
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+public class TestDeadAllocationRemoval {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestDeadAllocRem TestDeadAllocRem = new TestDeadAllocRem();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            TestDeadAllocRem.TestDeadAllocRem();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValueDeadAllocRem {
+    public static long instanceCount = 0;
+    public float fFld = 0;
+    public boolean bFld = true;
+    public float fFld1 = 0;
+}
+
+class TestDeadAllocRem {
+    public static final int N = 400;
+
+    public static long instanceCount=2149450457L;
+    public static double dFld=63.1805;
+    public static boolean bFld1=false;
+    public static int iFld=-4;
+    public static double dArrFld[]=new double[N];
+    public static int iArrFld[]=new int[N];
+    @NullRestricted
+    public static MyValueDeadAllocRem OFld=new MyValueDeadAllocRem();
+
+    public static long vMeth_check_sum = 0;
+    public static long lMeth_check_sum = 0;
+
+    public void vMeth(int i) {
+        for (double d = 8; d < 307; d++) {
+            for (int i3 = 1; i3 < 6; i3 += 2) {
+                i <<= -23877;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void TestDeadAllocRem() {
+        int i21=-35918, i22=11, i23=31413, i24=-7, i25=0, i26=70;
+        double d3=0.122541;
+
+        vMeth(TestDeadAllocRem.iFld);
+        for (i21 = 20; i21 < 396; ++i21) {
+            d3 = 1;
+            while (++d3 < 67) {
+                byte by=38;
+                TestDeadAllocRem.dArrFld[(int)(d3)] = -7;
+                switch ((i21 % 9) + 1) {
+                case 1:
+                    for (i23 = 1; i23 < 1; i23 += 3) {
+                        TestDeadAllocRem.instanceCount = i22;
+                        TestDeadAllocRem.iFld -= (int)TestDeadAllocRem.OFld.fFld1;
+                        TestDeadAllocRem.instanceCount >>= MyValueDeadAllocRem.instanceCount;
+                        i22 = (int)TestDeadAllocRem.OFld.fFld1;
+                        TestDeadAllocRem.bFld1 = false;
+                        TestDeadAllocRem.iArrFld[(int)(d3 - 1)] &= i23;
+                        i22 += (i23 + i24);
+                        i22 -= (int)d3;
+                        TestDeadAllocRem.iFld |= (int)MyValueDeadAllocRem.instanceCount;
+                    }
+                    TestDeadAllocRem.iFld -= (int)TestDeadAllocRem.instanceCount;
+                    break;
+                case 2:
+                    for (i25 = 1; i25 < 1; i25++) {
+                        i26 += i22;
+                        i26 += i25;
+                        TestDeadAllocRem.iArrFld[i25 + 1] += (int)MyValueDeadAllocRem.instanceCount;
+                        i22 += (i25 - TestDeadAllocRem.instanceCount);
+                        i26 += (i25 + i21);
+                    }
+                    TestDeadAllocRem.instanceCount -= 2;
+                    TestDeadAllocRem.dFld = i22;
+                    TestDeadAllocRem.iFld += (int)(((d3 * by) + by) - i24);
+                    break;
+                case 3:
+                    i24 = (int)1.84829;
+                    TestDeadAllocRem.OFld = new MyValueDeadAllocRem();
+                    break;
+                case 4:
+                    TestDeadAllocRem.OFld = new MyValueDeadAllocRem();
+                    MyValueDeadAllocRem.instanceCount += (long)d3;
+                    break;
+                case 5:
+                    MyValueDeadAllocRem.instanceCount += (long)(d3 * d3);
+                    break;
+                case 6:
+                    TestDeadAllocRem.dFld -= i25;
+                case 7:
+                    try {
+                        i24 = (78 / TestDeadAllocRem.iFld);
+                        TestDeadAllocRem.iFld = (-5836 / TestDeadAllocRem.iArrFld[(int)(d3 + 1)]);
+                        i24 = (i23 / -205);
+                    } catch (ArithmeticException a_e) {}
+                    break;
+                case 8:
+                    if (TestDeadAllocRem.bFld1) continue;
+                case 9:
+                default:
+                    try {
+                        i26 = (i24 / -929688879);
+                        i24 = (TestDeadAllocRem.iArrFld[(int)(d3)] % -1067487586);
+                        TestDeadAllocRem.iArrFld[(int)(d3)] = (-208 % i24);
+                    } catch (ArithmeticException a_e) {}
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        System.out.println("i21 i22 d3 = " + i21 + "," + i22 + "," + Double.doubleToLongBits(d3));
+        System.out.println("i23 i24 TestDeadAllocRem.OFld.fFld1 = " + i23 + "," + i24 + "," + Float.floatToIntBits(TestDeadAllocRem.OFld.fFld1));
+        System.out.println("MyValueDeadAllocRem = " + MyValueDeadAllocRem.instanceCount);
+        System.out.println("TestDeadAllocRem.instanceCount TestDeadAllocRem.dFld TestDeadAllocRem.bFld1 = " + TestDeadAllocRem.instanceCount + "," + Double.doubleToLongBits(TestDeadAllocRem.dFld) + "," + (TestDeadAllocRem.bFld1 ? 1 : 0));
+        System.out.println("MyValueDeadAllocRem = " + MyValueDeadAllocRem.instanceCount);
+        System.out.println("lMeth_check_sum: " + lMeth_check_sum);
+        System.out.println("vMeth_check_sum: " + vMeth_check_sum);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestDeadInlineTypeFieldOffset.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestDeadInlineTypeFieldOffset.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2ef55abfc23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestDeadInlineTypeFieldOffset.java
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test loads from a dead InlineTypeNode with top field values.
+ * @bug 8384202
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+StressIGVN -XX:StressSeed=8 -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+public value class TestDeadInlineTypeFieldOffset {
+    MyValue valueField1;
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue valueField2;
+
+    TestDeadInlineTypeFieldOffset(MyValue valueField1, MyValue valueField2) {
+        this.valueField1 = valueField1;
+        this.valueField2 = valueField2;
+    }
+
+    TestDeadInlineTypeFieldOffset test1() {
+        return new TestDeadInlineTypeFieldOffset(null, valueField2);
+    }
+
+    TestDeadInlineTypeFieldOffset test2() {
+        return new TestDeadInlineTypeFieldOffset(valueField1, null);
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class NestedValue {
+        int x;
+        int y;
+
+        NestedValue(int x, int y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue {
+        NestedValue v1;
+        @NullRestricted
+        NestedValue v2;
+
+        MyValue(NestedValue v1, NestedValue v2) {
+            this.v1 = v1;
+            this.v2 = v2;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static TestDeadInlineTypeFieldOffset test(TestDeadInlineTypeFieldOffset vt) {
+        vt = vt.test1();
+        try {
+            vt = vt.test2();
+            throw new RuntimeException();
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected.
+        }
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        MyValue val = new MyValue(null, new NestedValue(5, 6));
+        TestDeadInlineTypeFieldOffset vt = new TestDeadInlineTypeFieldOffset(null, val);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; ++i) {
+            vt = test(vt);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestDeadLoopLateInliningWithValues.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestDeadLoopLateInliningWithValues.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..12c7548f693
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestDeadLoopLateInliningWithValues.java
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8375694
+ * @summary C2: Dead loop constructed with CastPP in late inlining
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=option,${test.main.class}::lateInlined2,delayinline
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=option,${test.main.class}::lateInlined1,delayinline
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=option,${test.main.class}$A::lateInlined,delayinline
+ *                   -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::test* -Xcomp ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.c2;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+public class TestDeadLoopLateInliningWithValues {
+    private static Object fieldObject;
+    private static int field;
+    private static A fieldA = new A();
+    private static B fieldB = new B();
+
+    static value class MyValue {
+        Object o;
+
+        MyValue(Object o) {
+            this.o = o;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        MyValue v = new MyValue(null);
+        test1(0, true);
+        test2(0, 0, true);
+    }
+
+    private static Object test1(int j, boolean flag) {
+        if (j < 42) {
+            if (flag) {
+                field = 42;
+            }
+            Object o = fieldObject;
+            if (j >= 42) {
+                for (int i = 1; i < 10; ) {
+                    boolean boolRes = lateInlined2();
+                    if (boolRes) {
+                        i *= 2;
+                        MyValue v = new MyValue(o);
+                        o = lateInlined1(v).o;
+                        if (o == null) {
+                            throw new RuntimeException();
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        i++;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            return o;
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    static final MyValue[] valueArray = new MyValue[1];
+
+    private static Object test2(int j, int k, boolean flag) {
+        A a;
+        if (k < 42) {
+            if (flag) {
+                field = 42;
+            }
+            if (k >= 42) {
+                a = fieldA;
+            } else {
+                a = fieldB;
+            }
+            if (a == null) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+            }
+            if (j < 42) {
+                if (flag) {
+                    field = 42;
+                }
+                Object o = fieldObject;
+                if (j >= 42) {
+                    for (int i = 1; i < 10; ) {
+                        boolean boolRes = lateInlined2();
+                        if (boolRes) {
+                            i *= 2;
+                            MyValue v = new MyValue(o);
+                            o = a.lateInlined(v).o;
+                            if (o == null) {
+                                throw new RuntimeException();
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            i++;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                return o;
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private static boolean lateInlined2() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    private static MyValue lateInlined1(MyValue o) {
+        return o;
+    }
+
+
+    static class A {
+        MyValue lateInlined(MyValue v) {
+            return v;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class B extends A {
+        MyValue lateInlined(MyValue v) {
+            return v;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestDeadSubstitutabilityCallInIdeal.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestDeadSubstitutabilityCallInIdeal.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..91ea455b8bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestDeadSubstitutabilityCallInIdeal.java
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test 8385020
+ * @summary dying substitutability call transformed during igvn
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::test* -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,${test.main.class}::notInlined
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+StressIGVN -XX:StressSeed=2677332830 ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::test* -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,${test.main.class}::notInlined
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+StressIGVN ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::test* -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,${test.main.class}::notInlined
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+public class TestDeadSubstitutabilityCallInIdeal {
+    private static int intField;
+    private static final MyValue[] flatField = { new MyValue(42) };
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        MyValue v = new MyValue(42);
+        A a = new A(42);
+        test1(a, v, a);
+        test2(a, v, a);
+    }
+
+    private static boolean test1(A a, MyValue v, Object o) {
+        A aa = new A(10);
+        notInlined();
+        int i = aa.intField;
+        Object o1, o2 = o;
+        int j = 0, k = 0, l = 0;
+        if (i == 10) {
+            o1 = v;
+        } else {
+            o1 = a;
+        }
+        if (i != 10) {
+            int intVal = flatField[0].field;
+            if (o1 == o2) {
+                return true;
+            }
+            intField = intVal;
+            return false;
+         } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static boolean test2(A a, MyValue v, Object o) {
+        A aa = new A(10);
+        notInlined();
+        int i = aa.intField;
+        Object o1, o2 = o;
+        int j = 0, k = 0, l = 0;
+        if (i == 10) {
+            o1 = v;
+        } else {
+            o1 = a;
+        }
+        if (i != 10) {
+            int intVal = flatField[0].field;
+            intField = intVal;
+            if (o1 == o2) {
+                return true;
+            }
+            return false;
+         } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void notInlined() {
+    }
+
+    static class A {
+        int intField;
+        A(int i) {
+            this.intField = i;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class B {
+        A objectField;
+        B(A o) {
+            this.objectField = o;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue {
+        int field;
+        MyValue(int field) {
+            this.field = field;
+        }
+     }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestDeoptimizationWhenBuffering.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestDeoptimizationWhenBuffering.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..317390464c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestDeoptimizationWhenBuffering.java
@@ -0,0 +1,358 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.invoke.*;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+/*
+ * @test id=default
+ * @summary Test correct execution after deoptimizing from inline type specific runtime calls.
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:+DeoptimizeALot -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.*::test*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestDeoptimizationWhenBuffering C1
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-TLAB
+ * @summary Test correct execution after deoptimizing from inline type specific runtime calls.
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:+DeoptimizeALot -XX:-UseTLAB -Xbatch
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestDeoptimizationWhenBuffering
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-mono-no-field
+ * @summary Test correct execution after deoptimizing from inline type specific runtime calls.
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:+DeoptimizeALot -XX:-UseTLAB -Xbatch -XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck -XX:-AlwaysIncrementalInline
+ *                   -XX:-InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs -XX:-InlineTypeReturnedAsFields -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.*::test*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestDeoptimizationWhenBuffering
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-mono-no-field-AII
+ * @summary Test correct execution after deoptimizing from inline type specific runtime calls.
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:+DeoptimizeALot -XX:-UseTLAB -Xbatch -XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline
+ *                   -XX:-InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs -XX:-InlineTypeReturnedAsFields -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.*::test*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestDeoptimizationWhenBuffering
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-mono
+ * @summary Test correct execution after deoptimizing from inline type specific runtime calls.
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:+DeoptimizeALot -XX:-UseTLAB -Xbatch -XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck -XX:-AlwaysIncrementalInline
+ *                   -XX:+InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs -XX:+InlineTypeReturnedAsFields -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.*::test*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestDeoptimizationWhenBuffering
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-mono-AII
+ * @summary Test correct execution after deoptimizing from inline type specific runtime calls.
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:+DeoptimizeALot -XX:-UseTLAB -Xbatch -XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline
+ *                   -XX:+InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs -XX:+InlineTypeReturnedAsFields -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.*::test*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestDeoptimizationWhenBuffering
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-mono-no-FF
+ * @summary Test correct execution after deoptimizing from inline type specific runtime calls.
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:+DeoptimizeALot -XX:-UseTLAB -Xbatch -XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck -XX:-AlwaysIncrementalInline
+ *                   -XX:+InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs -XX:+InlineTypeReturnedAsFields -XX:+UseArrayFlattening -XX:-UseFieldFlattening
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.*::test*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestDeoptimizationWhenBuffering
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-mono-no-FF-AII
+ * @summary Test correct execution after deoptimizing from inline type specific runtime calls.
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:+DeoptimizeALot -XX:-UseTLAB -Xbatch -XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline
+ *                   -XX:+InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs -XX:+InlineTypeReturnedAsFields -XX:+UseArrayFlattening -XX:-UseFieldFlattening
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.*::test*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestDeoptimizationWhenBuffering
+ */
+
+public class TestDeoptimizationWhenBuffering {
+    static final WhiteBox WHITE_BOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+    static final int COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION = 4; // C2
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue1 {
+        static int cnt = 0;
+        int x;
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue2 vtField1;
+        MyValue2 vtField2;
+
+        public MyValue1() {
+            cnt++;
+            x = cnt;
+            vtField1 = new MyValue2();
+            vtField2 = new MyValue2();
+        }
+
+        public MyValue1(int x, MyValue2 vtField1, MyValue2 vtField2) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.vtField1 = vtField1;
+            this.vtField2 = vtField2;
+        }
+
+        public int hash() {
+            return x + vtField1.x + vtField2.x;
+        }
+
+        public MyValue1 testWithField(int x) {
+            return new MyValue1(x, vtField1, vtField2);
+        }
+
+        public static MyValue1 makeDefault() {
+            return new MyValue1(0, MyValue2.makeDefault(), null);
+        }
+
+        public static final MyValue1 DEFAULT = new MyValue1(0, new MyValue2(0), new MyValue2(0));
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue2 {
+        static int cnt = 0;
+        int x;
+
+        public MyValue2() {
+            cnt++;
+            x = cnt;
+        }
+
+        public MyValue2(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+
+        public static MyValue2 makeDefault() {
+            return new MyValue2(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static {
+        try {
+            Class<?> clazz = TestDeoptimizationWhenBuffering.class;
+            MethodHandles.Lookup lookup = MethodHandles.lookup();
+
+            MethodType mt = MethodType.methodType(MyValue1.class);
+            test9_mh = lookup.findStatic(clazz, "test9Callee", mt);
+            test10_mh = lookup.findStatic(clazz, "test10Callee", mt);
+        } catch (NoSuchMethodException | IllegalAccessException e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+            throw new RuntimeException("Method handle lookup failed");
+        }
+    }
+
+    MyValue1 test1() {
+        return new MyValue1();
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    static MyValue1 vtField1 = MyValue1.DEFAULT;
+
+    MyValue1 test2() {
+        vtField1 = new MyValue1();
+        return vtField1;
+    }
+
+    public int test3Callee(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return vt.hash();
+    }
+
+    int test3() {
+        MyValue1 vt = new MyValue1();
+        return test3Callee(vt);
+    }
+
+    static MyValue1[] vtArray = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+
+    MyValue1 test4() {
+        vtArray[0] = new MyValue1();
+        return vtArray[0];
+    }
+
+    Object test5(Object[] array) {
+        array[0] = new MyValue1();
+        return array[0];
+    }
+
+    boolean test6(Object obj) {
+        MyValue1 vt = new MyValue1();
+        return vt == obj;
+    }
+
+    Object test7(Object[] obj) {
+        return obj[0];
+    }
+
+    MyValue1 test8(MyValue1[] obj) {
+        return obj[0];
+    }
+
+    static final MethodHandle test9_mh;
+
+    public static MyValue1 test9Callee() {
+        return new MyValue1();
+    }
+
+    MyValue1 test9() throws Throwable {
+        return (MyValue1)test9_mh.invokeExact();
+    }
+
+    static final MethodHandle test10_mh;
+    @NullRestricted
+    static final MyValue1 test10Field = new MyValue1();
+    static int test10Counter = 0;
+
+    public static MyValue1 test10Callee() {
+        test10Counter++;
+        return test10Field;
+    }
+
+    Object test10() throws Throwable {
+        return test10_mh.invoke();
+    }
+
+    MyValue1 test11(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return vt.testWithField(42);
+    }
+
+    MyValue1 vtField2;
+
+    MyValue1 test12() {
+        vtField2 = new MyValue1();
+        return vtField2;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
+        if (args.length > 0) {
+            // Compile callees with C1 only, to exercise deoptimization while buffering at method entry
+            Asserts.assertEQ(args[0], "C1", "unsupported mode");
+            Method m = MyValue1.class.getMethod("testWithField", int.class);
+            WHITE_BOX.makeMethodNotCompilable(m, COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, false);
+            m = TestDeoptimizationWhenBuffering.class.getMethod("test3Callee", MyValue1.class);
+            WHITE_BOX.makeMethodNotCompilable(m, COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, false);
+            m = TestDeoptimizationWhenBuffering.class.getMethod("test9Callee");
+            WHITE_BOX.makeMethodNotCompilable(m, COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, false);
+            m = TestDeoptimizationWhenBuffering.class.getMethod("test10Callee");
+            WHITE_BOX.makeMethodNotCompilable(m, COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, false);
+        }
+
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 3, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        va[0] = new MyValue1();
+        Object[] oa = new Object[3];
+        oa[0] = va[0];
+        TestDeoptimizationWhenBuffering t = new TestDeoptimizationWhenBuffering();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100_000; ++i) {
+            // Check counters to make sure that we don't accidentally reexecute calls when deoptimizing
+            int expected = MyValue1.cnt + MyValue2.cnt + MyValue2.cnt;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.test1().hash(), expected + 4);
+            vtField1 = MyValue1.makeDefault();
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.test2().hash(), expected + 9);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(vtField1.hash(), expected + 9);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.test3(), expected + 14);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.test4().hash(), expected + 19);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(((MyValue1)t.test5(vtArray)).hash(), expected + 24);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.test6(vtField1), false);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.test7(((i % 2) == 0) ? va : oa), va[0]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.test8(va), va[0]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.test8(va), va[0]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.test9().hash(), expected + 34);
+            int count = test10Counter;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test10Field, t.test10());
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.test10Counter, count + 1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.test11(va[0]), va[0].testWithField(42));
+            t.vtField2 = MyValue1.makeDefault();
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.test12().hash(), expected + 39);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.vtField2.hash(), expected + 39);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestEAPhisWithFlatArrayAccesses.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestEAPhisWithFlatArrayAccesses.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..32f13845b71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestEAPhisWithFlatArrayAccesses.java
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8385328
+ * @summary [lworld] C2: assert(phi->_idx >= nodes_size()) failed: only new Phi per instance memory slice still happens after JDK-8374742
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-BackgroundCompilation ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+public class TestEAPhisWithFlatArrayAccesses {
+    static int field;
+
+    static value class MyValue {
+        byte b1 = 42;
+        byte b2 = 43;
+    }
+
+    static class A {
+        public A(int field) {
+            this.field = field;
+            this.field2 = field;
+        }
+
+        private int field;
+        private int field2;
+    }
+
+    static class UnloadedKlass {
+        public static int field;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        MyValue v = new MyValue();
+        A a = new A(42);
+        MyValue[] flatArray1 = new MyValue[2];
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; i++) {
+            test1(v, true, true, false, false);
+            test1(v, false, true, false, false);
+            test1(v, false, false, false, false);
+            test1Helper1(a, v, flatArray1, true, false, true);
+            test1Helper1(a, v, flatArray1, true, false, false);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static MyValue[] flatArray3 = new MyValue[2];
+
+    public static int test1(MyValue v, boolean flag, boolean flag2, boolean flag3, boolean flag5) {
+        Object obj = new Object();
+        A a = new A(42);
+        MyValue[] flatArray1 = new MyValue[2];
+        MyValue res;
+        field = 42;
+        if (flag) {
+            res = flatArray1[0];
+        } else {
+            if (flag2) {
+                res = flatArray3[0];
+            } else {
+                res = flatArray3[0];
+            }
+            test1Helper1(a, res, flatArray1, flag3, true, flag5);
+            res = flatArray3[0];
+        }
+        flatArray3[0] = res;
+        return a.field;
+    }
+
+    static void test1Helper1(A a, MyValue res, MyValue[] flatArray1, boolean flag3, boolean flag4, boolean flag5) {
+        if (flag3) {
+            flatArray1[0] = res;
+            if (flag5) {
+                a.field = 42;
+                a.field2 = 42;
+            }
+            if (flag4) {
+                UnloadedKlass.field = 42;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestEAScalarizedArg.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestEAScalarizedArg.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..330e23aa391
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestEAScalarizedArg.java
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8377480
+ * @summary [lworld] incorrect execution due to EA pointer comparison optimization at scalarized call
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-BackgroundCompilation -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestEAScalarizedArg::notInlined*  ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+public class TestEAScalarizedArg {
+    static value class MyValue {
+        Object o;
+
+        MyValue(Object o) {
+            this.o = o;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int test1(Object o) {
+        Object o2 = new Object();
+        MyValue v = new MyValue(null);
+        Object res = notInlined(v, o);
+        if (res == null) {
+            return 1;
+        }
+        return 2;
+    }
+
+    static Object notInlined(MyValue arg1, Object arg2) {
+        return arg2;
+    }
+
+    static int test2() {
+        Object o2 = new Object();
+        MyValue v = new MyValue(null);
+        Object res = notInlined2(v);
+        if (res == null) {
+            return 1;
+        }
+        return 2;
+    }
+
+    static Object notInlined2(MyValue arg1) {
+        return arg1;
+    }
+
+    static public void main(String[] args) {
+        Object o = new Object();
+        MyValue v = new MyValue(o);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; i++ ) {
+            test1(o);
+            test1(null);
+            test2();
+        }
+        if (test1(o) != 2) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("execution failed");
+        }
+        if (test2() != 2) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("execution failed");
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestEliminateAutoBox.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestEliminateAutoBox.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fa1d3fd00cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestEliminateAutoBox.java
@@ -0,0 +1,412 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test that EliminateAutoBox works with value classes.
+ * @bug 8328675
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled & vm.flagless
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+public class TestEliminateAutoBox {
+    private static final int INT_VALUE = 1000;
+    private static final long LONG_VALUE = 1_000_000_000_000L;
+    private static final double DOUBLE_VALUE = 1234.5D;
+
+    private static final String[] BASE_FLAGS = {
+            "--enable-preview",
+            "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+            "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions",
+            "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
+            "-XX:CompileCommand=quiet"
+    };
+
+    private static final String[] DONT_INLINE_BOXES = {
+            "-XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,java.lang.*::valueOf",
+            "-XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,java.lang.*::*Value"
+    };
+
+    private static final String[] DONT_INLINE_VALUEOF = {
+            "-XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,java.lang.*::valueOf",
+            "-XX:CompileCommand=inline,java.lang.*::*Value"
+    };
+
+    private static final String[] INLINE_VALUEOF = {
+            "-XX:CompileCommand=inline,java.lang.*::valueOf",
+            "-XX:CompileCommand=inline,java.lang.*::*Value"
+    };
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        new TestFramework()
+                .addScenarios(
+                        scenario(0, "-XX:+InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "-XX:+InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", DONT_INLINE_BOXES),
+                        scenario(1, "-XX:-InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "-XX:+InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", DONT_INLINE_BOXES),
+                        scenario(2, "-XX:+InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "-XX:-InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", DONT_INLINE_BOXES),
+                        scenario(3, "-XX:-InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "-XX:-InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", DONT_INLINE_BOXES),
+                        scenario(4, "-XX:-InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "-XX:-InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", DONT_INLINE_VALUEOF),
+                        scenario(5, "-XX:+InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "-XX:+InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", INLINE_VALUEOF),
+                        scenario(6, "-XX:-InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "-XX:-InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", INLINE_VALUEOF))
+                .start();
+    }
+
+    private static Scenario scenario(int index, String flag1, String flag2) {
+        return scenario(index, flag1, flag2, new String[0]);
+    }
+
+    private static Scenario scenario(int index, String flag1, String flag2, String[] extraFlags) {
+        String[] flags = new String[BASE_FLAGS.length + 2 + extraFlags.length];
+        System.arraycopy(BASE_FLAGS, 0, flags, 0, BASE_FLAGS.length);
+        flags[BASE_FLAGS.length] = flag1;
+        flags[BASE_FLAGS.length + 1] = flag2;
+        System.arraycopy(extraFlags, 0, flags, BASE_FLAGS.length + 2, extraFlags.length);
+        return new Scenario(index, flags);
+    }
+
+    // Eliminate a scalarized Integer.valueOf result.
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+        failOn = {IRNode.ALLOC_OF, "Integer", IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Integer::valueOf"})
+    public static Integer testBoxingInt(int i) {
+        return Integer.valueOf(i);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testBoxingInt")
+    public void runBoxingInt() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testBoxingInt(INT_VALUE), INT_VALUE);
+    }
+
+    // Eliminate Integer.intValue from a scalarized receiver argument.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Integer::intValue"})
+    public static int testUnboxingInt(Integer i) {
+        return i.intValue();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testUnboxingInt")
+    public void runUnboxingInt(RunInfo info) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testUnboxingInt(Integer.valueOf(INT_VALUE)), INT_VALUE);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            try {
+                testUnboxingInt(null);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Eliminate an implicit Integer boxing followed by an implicit unboxing.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.ALLOC_OF, "Integer", IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Integer::valueOf",
+                  IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Integer::intValue"})
+    public static int testBoxUnboxImplicitInt(int i) {
+        Integer res = i;
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testBoxUnboxImplicitInt")
+    public void runBoxUnboxImplicitInt() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testBoxUnboxImplicitInt(INT_VALUE), INT_VALUE);
+    }
+
+    // Eliminate an explicit Integer.valueOf followed by intValue.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.ALLOC_OF, "Integer", IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Integer::valueOf",
+                  IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Integer::intValue"})
+    public static int testBoxUnboxExplicitInt(int i) {
+        Integer res = Integer.valueOf(i);
+        return res.intValue();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testBoxUnboxExplicitInt")
+    public void runBoxUnboxExplicitInt() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testBoxUnboxExplicitInt(INT_VALUE), INT_VALUE);
+    }
+
+    // Eliminate an implicit Integer unbox followed by an implicit box.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.ALLOC_OF, "Integer", IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Integer::intValue"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+        failOn = {IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Integer::valueOf"})
+    public static Integer testUnboxBoxImplicitInt(Integer i) {
+        int res = i;
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testUnboxBoxImplicitInt")
+    public void runUnboxBoxImplicitInt(RunInfo info) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testUnboxBoxImplicitInt(Integer.valueOf(INT_VALUE)), INT_VALUE);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            try {
+                testUnboxBoxImplicitInt(null);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Eliminate an explicit Integer.intValue followed by valueOf.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.ALLOC_OF, "Integer", IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Integer::intValue"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+        failOn = {IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Integer::valueOf"})
+    public static Integer testUnboxBoxExplicitInt(Integer i) {
+        int res = i.intValue();
+        return Integer.valueOf(res);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testUnboxBoxExplicitInt")
+    public void runUnboxBoxExplicitInt(RunInfo info) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testUnboxBoxExplicitInt(Integer.valueOf(INT_VALUE)), INT_VALUE);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            try {
+                testUnboxBoxExplicitInt(null);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Eliminate a scalarized Long.valueOf result with a two-slot field.
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+        failOn = {IRNode.ALLOC_OF, "Long", IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Long::valueOf"})
+    public static Long testBoxingLong(long l) {
+        return Long.valueOf(l);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testBoxingLong")
+    public void runBoxingLong() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testBoxingLong(LONG_VALUE), LONG_VALUE);
+    }
+
+    // Eliminate Long.longValue from a scalarized receiver argument.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Long::longValue"})
+    public static long testUnboxingLong(Long l) {
+        return l.longValue();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testUnboxingLong")
+    public void runUnboxingLong(RunInfo info) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testUnboxingLong(Long.valueOf(LONG_VALUE)), LONG_VALUE);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            try {
+                testUnboxingLong(null);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Eliminate an implicit Long boxing followed by an implicit unboxing.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.ALLOC_OF, "Long", IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Long::valueOf",
+                  IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Long::longValue"})
+    public static long testBoxUnboxImplicitLong(long l) {
+        Long res = l;
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testBoxUnboxImplicitLong")
+    public void runBoxBoxUnboxImpliciLong() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testBoxUnboxImplicitLong(LONG_VALUE), LONG_VALUE);
+    }
+
+    // Eliminate an explicit Long.valueOf followed by longValue.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.ALLOC_OF, "Long", IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Long::valueOf",
+                  IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Long::longValue"})
+    public static long testBoxUnboxExplicitLong(long l) {
+        Long res = Long.valueOf(l);
+        return res.longValue();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testBoxUnboxExplicitLong")
+    public void runBoxUnboxExplicitLong() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testBoxUnboxExplicitLong(LONG_VALUE), LONG_VALUE);
+    }
+
+    // Eliminate an implicit Long unbox followed by an implicit box.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.ALLOC_OF, "Long", IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Long::longValue"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+        failOn = {IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Long::valueOf"})
+    public static Long testUnboxBoxImplicitLong(Long l) {
+        long res = l;
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testUnboxBoxImplicitLong")
+    public void runUnboxBoxImplicitLong(RunInfo info) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testUnboxBoxImplicitLong(Long.valueOf(LONG_VALUE)), LONG_VALUE);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            try {
+                testUnboxBoxImplicitLong(null);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Eliminate an explicit Long.longValue followed by valueOf.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.ALLOC_OF, "Long", IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Long::longValue"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+        failOn = {IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Long::valueOf"})
+    public static Long testUnboxBoxExplicitLong(Long l) {
+        long res = l.longValue();
+        return Long.valueOf(res);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testUnboxBoxExplicitLong")
+    public void runUnboxBoxExplicitLong(RunInfo info) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testUnboxBoxExplicitLong(Long.valueOf(LONG_VALUE)), LONG_VALUE);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            try {
+                testUnboxBoxExplicitLong(null);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Eliminate a scalarized Double.valueOf result with a two-slot field.
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+        failOn = {IRNode.ALLOC_OF, "Double", IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Double::valueOf"})
+    public static Double testBoxingDouble(double d) {
+        return Double.valueOf(d);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testBoxingDouble")
+    public void runBoxingDouble() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testBoxingDouble(DOUBLE_VALUE), DOUBLE_VALUE);
+    }
+
+    // Eliminate Double.doubleValue from a scalarized receiver argument.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Double::doubleValue"})
+    public static double testUnboxingDouble(Double d) {
+        return d.doubleValue();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testUnboxingDouble")
+    public void runUnboxingDouble(RunInfo info) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testUnboxingDouble(Double.valueOf(DOUBLE_VALUE)), DOUBLE_VALUE);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            try {
+                testUnboxingDouble(null);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Eliminate an implicit Double boxing followed by an implicit unboxing.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.ALLOC_OF, "Double", IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Double::valueOf",
+                  IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Double::doubleValue"})
+    public static double testBoxUnboxImplicitDouble(double d) {
+        Double res = d;
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testBoxUnboxImplicitDouble")
+    public void runBoxUnboxImplicitDouble() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testBoxUnboxImplicitDouble(DOUBLE_VALUE), DOUBLE_VALUE);
+    }
+
+    // Eliminate an explicit Double.valueOf followed by doubleValue.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.ALLOC_OF, "Double", IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Double::valueOf",
+                  IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Double::doubleValue"})
+    public static double testBoxUnboxExplicitDouble(double d) {
+        Double res = Double.valueOf(d);
+        return res.doubleValue();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testBoxUnboxExplicitDouble")
+    public void runBoxUnboxExplicitDouble() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testBoxUnboxExplicitDouble(DOUBLE_VALUE), DOUBLE_VALUE);
+    }
+
+    // Eliminate an implicit Double unbox followed by an implicit box.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.ALLOC_OF, "Double", IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Double::doubleValue"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+        failOn = {IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Double::valueOf"})
+    public static Double testUnboxBoxImplicitDouble(Double d) {
+        double res = d;
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testUnboxBoxImplicitDouble")
+    public void runUnboxBoxImplicitDouble(RunInfo info) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testUnboxBoxImplicitDouble(Double.valueOf(DOUBLE_VALUE)), DOUBLE_VALUE);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            try {
+                testUnboxBoxImplicitDouble(null);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Eliminate an explicit Double.doubleValue followed by valueOf.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.ALLOC_OF, "Double", IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Double::doubleValue"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+        failOn = {IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "Double::valueOf"})
+    public static Double testUnboxBoxExplicitDouble(Double d) {
+        double res = d.doubleValue();
+        return Double.valueOf(res);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testUnboxBoxExplicitDouble")
+    public void runUnboxBoxExplicitDouble(RunInfo info) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testUnboxBoxExplicitDouble(Double.valueOf(DOUBLE_VALUE)), DOUBLE_VALUE);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            try {
+                testUnboxBoxExplicitDouble(null);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestExplosiveValueClass.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestExplosiveValueClass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..151a0290ccf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestExplosiveValueClass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8370769
+ * @summary verify that value object expansion should not be unbounded.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:MaxNodeLimit=10000 -XX:NodeLimitFudgeFactor=200 -Xcomp
+ *                   -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::test -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*V0::*
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+public class TestExplosiveValueClass {
+    private static value class V0 {
+        V1 x0;
+        V1 x1;
+        V1 x2;
+        V1 x3;
+        V1 x4;
+        V1 x5;
+        V1 x6;
+        V1 x7;
+        V1 x8;
+        V1 x9;
+
+        V0() {
+            x0 = new V1();
+            x1 = new V1();
+            x2 = new V1();
+            x3 = new V1();
+            x4 = new V1();
+            x5 = new V1();
+            x6 = new V1();
+            x7 = new V1();
+            x8 = new V1();
+            x9 = new V1();
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static value class V1 {
+        V2 x0;
+        V2 x1;
+        V2 x2;
+        V2 x3;
+        V2 x4;
+        V2 x5;
+        V2 x6;
+        V2 x7;
+        V2 x8;
+        V2 x9;
+
+        V1() {
+            x0 = new V2();
+            x1 = new V2();
+            x2 = new V2();
+            x3 = new V2();
+            x4 = new V2();
+            x5 = new V2();
+            x6 = new V2();
+            x7 = new V2();
+            x8 = new V2();
+            x9 = new V2();
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static value class V2 {
+        V3 x0;
+        V3 x1;
+        V3 x2;
+        V3 x3;
+        V3 x4;
+        V3 x5;
+        V3 x6;
+        V3 x7;
+        V3 x8;
+        V3 x9;
+
+        V2() {
+            x0 = new V3();
+            x1 = new V3();
+            x2 = new V3();
+            x3 = new V3();
+            x4 = new V3();
+            x5 = new V3();
+            x6 = new V3();
+            x7 = new V3();
+            x8 = new V3();
+            x9 = new V3();
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static value class V3 {
+        V4 x0;
+        V4 x1;
+        V4 x2;
+        V4 x3;
+        V4 x4;
+        V4 x5;
+        V4 x6;
+        V4 x7;
+        V4 x8;
+        V4 x9;
+
+        V3() {
+            x0 = new V4();
+            x1 = new V4();
+            x2 = new V4();
+            x3 = new V4();
+            x4 = new V4();
+            x5 = new V4();
+            x6 = new V4();
+            x7 = new V4();
+            x8 = new V4();
+            x9 = new V4();
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static value class V4 {
+        int x0;
+        int x1;
+        int x2;
+        int x3;
+        int x4;
+        int x5;
+        int x6;
+        int x7;
+        int x8;
+        int x9;
+
+        static int counter = 0;
+
+        V4() {
+            x0 = counter++;
+            x1 = counter++;
+            x2 = counter++;
+            x3 = counter++;
+            x4 = counter++;
+            x5 = counter++;
+            x6 = counter++;
+            x7 = counter++;
+            x8 = counter++;
+            x9 = counter++;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            test();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static V0 test() {
+        return new V0();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFieldNullMarkers.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFieldNullMarkers.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..55978fc6fbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFieldNullMarkers.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1470 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictInit;
+
+/*
+ * @test id=noFlags
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in flat fields.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile TestFieldNullMarkers.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor
+ *             compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers$StrictFieldHolder
+ * @run main/timeout=300 compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-flattening
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in flat fields.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile TestFieldNullMarkers.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor
+ *             compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers$StrictFieldHolder
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:-UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:-UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:-UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=nAVF
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in flat fields.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile TestFieldNullMarkers.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor
+ *             compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers$StrictFieldHolder
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:-UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:-UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=AVF
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in flat fields.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile TestFieldNullMarkers.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor
+ *             compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers$StrictFieldHolder
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:-UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:-UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=AVF-nAVF
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in flat fields.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile TestFieldNullMarkers.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor
+ *             compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers$StrictFieldHolder
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:-UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=NVF
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in flat fields.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile TestFieldNullMarkers.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor
+ *             compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers$StrictFieldHolder
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:-UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:-UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=NVF-nAVF
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in flat fields.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile TestFieldNullMarkers.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor
+ *             compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers$StrictFieldHolder
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:-UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=NVF-AVF
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in flat fields.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile TestFieldNullMarkers.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor
+ *             compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers$StrictFieldHolder
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:-UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=all-flattening
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in flat fields.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile TestFieldNullMarkers.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor
+ *             compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers$StrictFieldHolder
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=all-flattening-di
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in flat fields.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile TestFieldNullMarkers.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor
+ *             compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers$StrictFieldHolder
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::testHelper*
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=all-flattening-pass-fields
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in flat fields.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile TestFieldNullMarkers.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor
+ *             compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers$StrictFieldHolder
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                               -XX:+InlineTypeReturnedAsFields -XX:+InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=all-flattening-no-pass-fields
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in flat fields.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile TestFieldNullMarkers.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor
+ *             compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers$StrictFieldHolder
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                               -XX:-InlineTypeReturnedAsFields -XX:-InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=all-flattening-return-fields
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in flat fields.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile TestFieldNullMarkers.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor
+ *             compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers$StrictFieldHolder
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                               -XX:+InlineTypeReturnedAsFields -XX:-InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=all-flattening-pass-args
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test support for null markers in flat fields.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile TestFieldNullMarkers.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor
+ *             compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers$StrictFieldHolder
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                               -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                               -XX:-InlineTypeReturnedAsFields -XX:+InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullMarkers
+ */
+
+public class TestFieldNullMarkers {
+
+    public TestFieldNullMarkers() {
+        field12 = new MyValue8((byte)0);
+        field13 = MyValue14.DEFAULT;
+        field16 = MyValue14.DEFAULT;
+        field17 = new MyValue15(null);
+        field19 = new MyValue16(null, null);
+        field20 = new MyValue17(null, (byte)0, (byte)0);
+        emptyField1 = new MyValueEmpty();
+        emptyField2 = new MyValueEmpty();
+        super();
+    }
+
+    // Value class with two nullable flat fields
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue1 {
+        byte x;
+        MyValue2 val1;
+        MyValue2 val2;
+
+        public MyValue1(byte x, MyValue2 val1, MyValue2 val2) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.val1 = val1;
+            this.val2 = val2;
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x = " + x + ", val1 = [" + val1 + "], val2 = [" + val2 + "]";
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static abstract value class MyAbstract1 {
+        byte x;
+
+        public MyAbstract1(byte x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Empty value class inheriting single field from abstract super class
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue2 extends MyAbstract1 {
+        public MyValue2(byte x) {
+            super(x);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x = " + x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Value class with a hole in the payload that will be used for the null marker
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue3 {
+        byte x;
+        // Hole that will be used by the null marker
+        int i;
+
+        public MyValue3(byte x) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.i = x;
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x = " + x + ", i = " + i;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Value class with two nullable flat fields that have their null markers *not* at the end of the payload
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue4 {
+        MyValue3 val1;
+        MyValue3 val2;
+
+        public MyValue4(MyValue3 val1, MyValue3 val2) {
+            this.val1 = val1;
+            this.val2 = val2;
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "val1 = [" + val1 + "], val2 = [" + val2 + "]";
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue5C {
+        byte x;
+
+        public MyValue5C(byte x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue5B {
+        byte x;
+        MyValue5C val;
+
+        public MyValue5B(byte x, MyValue5C val) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.val = val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue5A {
+        byte x;
+        MyValue5B val;
+
+        public MyValue5A(byte x, MyValue5B val) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.val = val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Value class with deep nesting of nullable flat fields
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue5 {
+        byte x;
+        MyValue5A val;
+
+        public MyValue5(byte x, MyValue5A val) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.val = val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValueEmpty {
+
+    }
+
+    // Value class with flat field of empty value class
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue6 {
+        MyValueEmpty val;
+
+        public MyValue6(MyValueEmpty val) {
+            this.val = val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as MyValue6 but one more level of nested flat fields
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue7 {
+        MyValue6 val;
+
+        public MyValue7(MyValue6 val) {
+            this.val = val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Some more field types
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue8 {
+        byte b;
+
+        public MyValue8(byte b) {
+            this.b = b;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue9 {
+        short s;
+
+        public MyValue9(short s) {
+            this.s = s;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue10 {
+        int i;
+
+        public MyValue10(int i) {
+            this.i = i;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue11 {
+        float f;
+
+        public MyValue11(float f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue12 {
+        char c;
+
+        public MyValue12(char c) {
+            this.c = c;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue13 {
+        boolean b;
+
+        public MyValue13(boolean b) {
+            this.b = b;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test value class with nullable and null-free fields
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue14 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue8 nullfree;
+        MyValue8 nullable;
+
+        public MyValue14(MyValue8 nullfree, MyValue8 nullable) {
+            this.nullfree = nullfree;
+            this.nullable = nullable;
+        }
+
+        public static final MyValue14 DEFAULT = new MyValue14(new MyValue8((byte)0), null);
+    }
+
+    static class MyClass {
+        int x;
+
+        public MyClass(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Value class with oop field
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue15 {
+        MyClass obj;
+
+        public MyValue15(MyClass obj) {
+            this.obj = obj;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Value class with two oop fields
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue16 {
+        MyClass obj1;
+        MyClass obj2;
+
+        public MyValue16(MyClass obj1, MyClass obj2) {
+            this.obj1 = obj1;
+            this.obj2 = obj2;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Value class with oop field and primitive fields
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue17 {
+        byte b1;
+        MyClass obj;
+        byte b2;
+
+        public MyValue17(MyClass obj, byte b1, byte b2) {
+            this.obj = obj;
+            this.b1 = b1;
+            this.b2 = b2;
+        }
+    }
+
+    MyValue1 field1; // Not flat
+    MyValue4 field2; // Not flat
+    MyValue5 field3; // Flat
+    MyValue6 field4; // Flat
+    MyValue7 field5; // Flat
+    MyValue8 field6; // Flat
+    MyValue9 field7; // Flat
+    MyValue10 field8; // Flat
+    MyValue11 field9; // Flat
+    MyValue12 field10; // Flat
+    MyValue13 field11; // Flat
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    volatile MyValue8 field12;
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue14 field13; // Null-free, flat
+    volatile MyValue14 field14; // Nullable, atomic, flat
+    MyValue14 field15;          // Nullable, (atomic), flat
+    @NullRestricted
+    volatile MyValue14 field16; // Null-free, atomic, flat
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    volatile MyValue15 field17;
+    MyValue15 field18;
+    @NullRestricted
+    volatile MyValue16 field19;
+    @NullRestricted
+    volatile MyValue17 field20;
+    MyValue17 field21;
+
+    // Combinations of strict fields
+    static class StrictFieldHolder {
+        @StrictInit
+        MyValue8 strictField1;
+        @StrictInit
+        final MyValue8 strictField2;
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue8 strictField3;
+        @NullRestricted
+        final MyValue8 strictField4;
+        @StrictInit
+        volatile MyValue8 strictField5;
+        @NullRestricted
+        volatile MyValue8 strictField6;
+
+        @StrictInit
+        TwoBytes strictField7;
+        @StrictInit
+        final TwoBytes strictField8;
+        @NullRestricted
+        TwoBytes strictField9;
+        @NullRestricted
+        final TwoBytes strictField10;
+        @StrictInit
+        volatile TwoBytes strictField11;
+        @NullRestricted
+        volatile TwoBytes strictField12;
+
+        public StrictFieldHolder(MyValue8 val8, MyValue8 val8NullFree, TwoBytes twoBytes, TwoBytes twoBytesNullFree) {
+            strictField1 = val8;
+            strictField2 = val8;
+            strictField3 = val8NullFree;
+            strictField4 = val8NullFree;
+            strictField5 = val8NullFree;
+            strictField6 = val8NullFree;
+
+            strictField7 = twoBytes;
+            strictField8 = twoBytes;
+            strictField9 = twoBytesNullFree;
+            strictField10 = twoBytesNullFree;
+            strictField11 = twoBytesNullFree;
+            strictField12 = twoBytesNullFree;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValueEmpty emptyField1;
+    @NullRestricted
+    volatile MyValueEmpty emptyField2;
+    MyValueEmpty emptyField3;
+    volatile MyValueEmpty emptyField4;
+
+    static final MyValue1 VAL1 = new MyValue1((byte)42, new MyValue2((byte)43), null);
+    static final MyValue4 VAL4 = new MyValue4(new MyValue3((byte)42), null);
+    static final MyValue5 VAL5 = new MyValue5((byte)42, new MyValue5A((byte)43, new MyValue5B((byte)44, new MyValue5C((byte)45))));
+    static final MyValue6 VAL6 = new MyValue6(new MyValueEmpty());
+    static final MyValue7 VAL7 = new MyValue7(new MyValue6(new MyValueEmpty()));
+
+    // Using two bytes such that null-free fields will not be naturally atomic
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class TwoBytes {
+        byte b1;
+        byte b2;
+
+        public TwoBytes(byte b1, byte b2) {
+            this.b1 = b1;
+            this.b2 = b2;
+        }
+
+        public static final TwoBytes DEFAULT = new TwoBytes((byte)0, (byte)0);
+    }
+
+    static private final MyValue8 CANARY_VALUE = new MyValue8((byte)42);
+
+    public static class Cage1 {
+        MyValue8 canary1 = CANARY_VALUE;
+
+        @NullRestricted
+        volatile TwoBytes field;
+
+        MyValue8 canary2 = CANARY_VALUE;
+
+        public Cage1() {
+            field = TwoBytes.DEFAULT;
+            super();
+        }
+
+        public void verify(TwoBytes val) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(canary1, CANARY_VALUE);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(field, val);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(canary2, CANARY_VALUE);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class Cage2 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue8 canary1;
+
+        @NullRestricted
+        volatile TwoBytes field;
+
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue8 canary2;
+
+        public Cage2() {
+            canary1 = CANARY_VALUE;
+            field = TwoBytes.DEFAULT;
+            canary2 = CANARY_VALUE;
+            super();
+        }
+
+        public void verify(TwoBytes val) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(canary1, CANARY_VALUE);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(field, val);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(canary2, CANARY_VALUE);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class Cage3 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue8 canary1;
+
+        volatile TwoBytes field;
+
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue8 canary2;
+
+        public Cage3() {
+            canary1 = CANARY_VALUE;
+            canary2 = CANARY_VALUE;
+            super();
+        }
+
+        public void verify(TwoBytes val) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(canary1, CANARY_VALUE);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(field, val);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(canary2, CANARY_VALUE);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class Cage4 {
+        MyValue8 canary1 = CANARY_VALUE;
+
+        volatile TwoBytes field;
+
+        MyValue8 canary2 = CANARY_VALUE;
+
+        public void verify(TwoBytes val) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(canary1, CANARY_VALUE);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(field, val);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(canary2, CANARY_VALUE);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static final Cage1 canaryCage1 = new Cage1();
+    static final Cage2 canaryCage2 = new Cage2();
+    static final Cage3 canaryCage3 = new Cage3();
+    static final Cage4 canaryCage4 = new Cage4();
+
+    // Check that the canary values are not accidentally overwritten
+    public void testOutOfBoundsAccess(int i) {
+        TwoBytes val = new TwoBytes((byte)i, (byte)(i+1));
+        canaryCage1.field = val;
+        canaryCage1.verify(val);
+
+        canaryCage2.field = val;
+        canaryCage2.verify(val);
+
+        canaryCage3.field = val;
+        canaryCage3.verify(val);
+
+        canaryCage3.field = null;
+        canaryCage3.verify(null);
+
+        canaryCage4.field = val;
+        canaryCage4.verify(val);
+
+        canaryCage4.field = null;
+        canaryCage4.verify(null);
+    }
+
+    // Test that the calling convention is keeping track of the null marker
+    public MyValue1 testHelper1(MyValue1 val) {
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    public void testSet1(MyValue1 val) {
+        field1 = testHelper1(val);
+    }
+
+    public MyValue1 testGet1() {
+        return field1;
+    }
+
+    public void testDeopt1(byte x, MyValue1 neverNull, MyValue1 alwaysNull, boolean deopt) {
+        MyValue2 val2 = new MyValue2(x);
+        MyValue1 val1 = new MyValue1(x, val2, val2);
+        if (deopt) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val1.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val1.val1, val2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val1.val2, val2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(neverNull.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(neverNull.val1, val2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(neverNull.val2, val2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(alwaysNull.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(alwaysNull.val1, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(alwaysNull.val2, null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testOSR() {
+        // Trigger OSR
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100_000; ++i) {
+            field1 = null;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(field1, null);
+            MyValue2 val2 = new MyValue2((byte)i);
+            MyValue1 val = new MyValue1((byte)i, val2, null);
+            field1 = val;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(field1.x, (byte)i);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(field1.val1, val2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(field1.val2, null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public boolean testACmp(MyValue2 val2) {
+        return field1.val1 == val2;
+    }
+
+    // Test that the calling convention is keeping track of the null marker
+    public MyValue4 testHelper2(MyValue4 val) {
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    public void testSet2(MyValue4 val) {
+        field2 = testHelper2(val);
+    }
+
+    public MyValue4 testGet2() {
+        return field2;
+    }
+
+    public void testDeopt2(byte x, MyValue4 neverNull, MyValue4 alwaysNull, boolean deopt) {
+        MyValue3 val3 = new MyValue3(x);
+        MyValue4 val4 = new MyValue4(val3, null);
+        if (deopt) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val4.val1, val3);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val4.val2, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(neverNull.val1, val3);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(neverNull.val2, val3);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(alwaysNull.val1, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(alwaysNull.val2, null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test that the calling convention is keeping track of the null marker
+    public MyValue5 testHelper3(MyValue5 val) {
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    public void testSet3(MyValue5 val) {
+        field3 = testHelper3(val);
+    }
+
+    public MyValue5 testGet3() {
+        return field3;
+    }
+
+    public void testDeopt3(byte x, MyValue5 val6, MyValue5 val7, MyValue5 val8, MyValue5 val9, boolean deopt) {
+        MyValue5 val1 = new MyValue5(x, new MyValue5A(x, new MyValue5B(x, new MyValue5C(x))));
+        MyValue5 val2 = new MyValue5(x, new MyValue5A(x, new MyValue5B(x, null)));
+        MyValue5 val3 = new MyValue5(x, new MyValue5A(x, null));
+        MyValue5 val4 = new MyValue5(x, null);
+        MyValue5 val5 = null;
+        if (deopt) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val1.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val1.val.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val1.val.val.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val1.val.val.val.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val2.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val2.val.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val2.val.val.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val2.val.val.val, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val3.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val3.val.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val3.val.val, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val4.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val4.val, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val5, null);
+
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val6.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val6.val.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val6.val.val.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val6.val.val.val.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val7.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val7.val.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val7.val.val.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val7.val.val.val, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val8.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val8.val.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val8.val.val, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val9.x, x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val9.val, null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test that the calling convention is keeping track of the null marker
+    public MyValue6 testHelper4(MyValue6 val) {
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    public void testSet4(MyValue6 val) {
+        field4 = testHelper4(val);
+    }
+
+    public MyValue6 testGet4() {
+        return field4;
+    }
+
+    public void testDeopt4(MyValue6 val4, MyValue6 val5, MyValue6 val6, boolean deopt) {
+        MyValue6 val1 = new MyValue6(new MyValueEmpty());
+        MyValue6 val2 = new MyValue6(null);
+        MyValue6 val3 = null;
+        if (deopt) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val1.val, new MyValueEmpty());
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val2.val, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val3, null);
+
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val4.val, new MyValueEmpty());
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val5.val, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val6, null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test that the calling convention is keeping track of the null marker
+    public MyValue7 testHelper5(MyValue7 val) {
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    public void testSet5(MyValue7 val) {
+        field5 = testHelper5(val);
+    }
+
+    public MyValue7 testGet5() {
+        return field5;
+    }
+
+    public void testDeopt5(MyValue7 val5, MyValue7 val6, MyValue7 val7, MyValue7 val8, boolean deopt) {
+        MyValue7 val1 = new MyValue7(new MyValue6(new MyValueEmpty()));
+        MyValue7 val2 = new MyValue7(new MyValue6(null));
+        MyValue7 val3 = new MyValue7(null);
+        MyValue7 val4 = null;
+        if (deopt) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val1.val, new MyValue6(new MyValueEmpty()));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val2.val, new MyValue6(null));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val3.val, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val4, null);
+
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val5.val, new MyValue6(new MyValueEmpty()));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val6.val, new MyValue6(null));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val7.val, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(val8, null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Make sure that flat field accesses contain a (implicit) null check
+    public static void testNPE1() {
+        TestFieldNullMarkers t = null;
+        try {
+            MyValue8 v = t.field6;
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown!");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void testNPE2() {
+        TestFieldNullMarkers t = null;
+        try {
+            t.field6 = null;
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown!");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void checkFields(int i) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(field6.b, (byte)i);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(field7.s, (short)i);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(field8.i, i);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(field9.f, (float)i);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(field10.c, (char)i);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(field11.b, (i % 2) == 0);
+    }
+
+    // Test that writing and reading a (signed) byte stays in bounds
+    public void testBounds(int i) {
+        MyValue8 val = new MyValue8((byte)i);
+        field6 = val;
+        int b = field6.b;
+        if (b < -128 || b > 127) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Byte value out of bounds: " + b);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void produceGarbage() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
+            Object[] arrays = new Object[1024];
+            for (int j = 0; j < arrays.length; j++) {
+                arrays[j] = new int[1024];
+            }
+        }
+        System.gc();
+    }
+
+    // Test that barriers are emitted when writing flat, atomic fields with oops
+    public void testWriteOopFields1(MyValue15 val) {
+        field17 = val;
+        field18 = val;
+    }
+
+    public void testWriteOopFields2(MyValue16 val) {
+        field19 = val;
+    }
+
+    public void testWriteOopFields3(MyValue17 val) {
+        field20 = val;
+        field21 = val;
+    }
+
+    public static class MyHolderClass9 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        TwoBytes field1;
+
+        TwoBytes field2;
+
+        @NullRestricted
+        volatile TwoBytes field3;
+
+        volatile TwoBytes field4;
+
+        public MyHolderClass9() {
+            field1 = TwoBytes.DEFAULT;
+            field3 = TwoBytes.DEFAULT;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static final MyHolderClass9 constantHolder = new MyHolderClass9();
+
+    // Test loading a flat field from a constant container (should not be constant folded because fields are immutable)
+    public void testLoadingFromConstantHolder(int i) {
+        TwoBytes val = new TwoBytes((byte)i, (byte)(i + 1));
+        constantHolder.field1 = val;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(constantHolder.field1, val);
+
+        constantHolder.field2 = val;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(constantHolder.field2, val);
+
+        constantHolder.field2 = null;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(constantHolder.field2, null);
+
+        constantHolder.field3 = val;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(constantHolder.field3, val);
+
+        constantHolder.field4 = val;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(constantHolder.field4, val);
+
+        constantHolder.field4 = null;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(constantHolder.field4, null);
+    }
+
+    public void testStrictFields(StrictFieldHolder holder, MyValue8 val8, MyValue8 val8NullFree, TwoBytes twoBytes, TwoBytes twoBytesNullFree) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(holder.strictField1, val8);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(holder.strictField2, val8);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(holder.strictField3, val8NullFree);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(holder.strictField4, val8NullFree);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(holder.strictField5, val8NullFree);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(holder.strictField6, val8NullFree);
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(holder.strictField7, twoBytes);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(holder.strictField8, twoBytes);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(holder.strictField9, twoBytesNullFree);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(holder.strictField10, twoBytesNullFree);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(holder.strictField11, twoBytesNullFree);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(holder.strictField12, twoBytesNullFree);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestFieldNullMarkers t = new TestFieldNullMarkers();
+        t.testOSR();
+
+        final int LIMIT = 50_000;
+        for (int i = -50_000; i < LIMIT; ++i) {
+            t.field1 = null;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet1(), null);
+
+            boolean useNull = (i % 2) == 0;
+            MyValue2 val2 = useNull ? null : new MyValue2((byte)i);
+            MyValue1 val = new MyValue1((byte)i, val2, val2);
+            t.field1 = val;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet1().x, val.x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet1().val1, val2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet1().val2, val2);
+
+            Asserts.assertTrue(t.testACmp(val2));
+
+            t.testSet1(null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field1, null);
+
+            t.testSet1(val);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field1.x, val.x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field1.val1, val2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field1.val2, val2);
+
+            t.testDeopt1((byte)i, null, null, false);
+
+            t.field2 = null;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet2(), null);
+
+            MyValue3 val3 = useNull ? null : new MyValue3((byte)i);
+            MyValue4 val4 = new MyValue4(val3, val3);
+            t.field2 = val4;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet2().val1, val3);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet2().val2, val3);
+
+            t.testSet2(null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet2(), null);
+
+            t.testSet2(val4);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet2().val1, val3);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet2().val2, val3);
+
+            t.testDeopt2((byte)i, null, null, false);
+
+            t.field3 = null;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet3(), null);
+
+            boolean useNull_1 = (i % 4) == 0;
+            boolean useNull_2 = (i % 4) == 1;
+            boolean useNull_3 = (i % 4) == 2;
+            MyValue5C val5_3 = useNull_3 ? null : new MyValue5C((byte)i);
+            MyValue5B val5_2 = useNull_2 ? null : new MyValue5B((byte)i, val5_3);
+            MyValue5A val5_1 = useNull_1 ? null : new MyValue5A((byte)i, val5_2);
+            MyValue5 val5 = new MyValue5((byte)i, val5_1);
+            t.field3 = val5;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet3().x, val5.x);
+            if (useNull_1) {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet3().val, null);
+            } else {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet3().val.x, val5_1.x);
+                if (useNull_2) {
+                    Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet3().val.val, null);
+                } else {
+                    Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet3().val.val.x, val5_2.x);
+                    if (useNull_3) {
+                        Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet3().val.val.val, null);
+                    } else {
+                        Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet3().val.val.val.x, val5_3.x);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            t.testSet3(null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field3, null);
+
+            t.testSet3(val5);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet3().x, val5.x);
+            if (useNull_1) {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet3().val, null);
+            } else {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet3().val.x, val5_1.x);
+                if (useNull_2) {
+                    Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet3().val.val, null);
+                } else {
+                    Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet3().val.val.x, val5_2.x);
+                    if (useNull_3) {
+                        Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet3().val.val.val, null);
+                    } else {
+                        Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet3().val.val.val.x, val5_3.x);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            t.testDeopt3((byte)i, null, null, null, null, false);
+
+            t.field4 = null;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet4(), null);
+
+            MyValueEmpty empty = useNull ? null : new MyValueEmpty();
+            MyValue6 val6 = new MyValue6(empty);
+            t.field4 = val6;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet4().val, empty);
+
+            t.testSet4(null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet4(), null);
+
+            t.testSet4(val6);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet4().val, empty);
+
+            t.testDeopt4(null, null, null, false);
+
+            t.field5 = null;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet5(), null);
+
+            empty = ((i % 3) == 0) ? null : new MyValueEmpty();
+            val6 = ((i % 3) == 1) ? null : new MyValue6(empty);
+            MyValue7 val7 = new MyValue7(val6);
+            t.field5 = val7;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet5().val, val6);
+
+            t.testSet5(null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet5(), null);
+
+            t.testSet5(val7);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testGet5().val, val6);
+
+            t.testDeopt5(null, null, null, null, false);
+
+            // Check accesses with constant value
+            t.field1 = VAL1;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field1.x, VAL1.x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field1.val1, VAL1.val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field1.val2, VAL1.val2);
+
+            t.field2 = VAL4;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field2.val1, VAL4.val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field2.val2, VAL4.val2);
+
+            t.field3 = VAL5;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field3.x, VAL5.x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field3.val.x, VAL5.val.x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field3.val.val.x, VAL5.val.val.x);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field3.val.val.val.x, VAL5.val.val.val.x);
+
+            t.field4 = VAL6;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field4.val, VAL6.val);
+
+            t.field5 = VAL7;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field5.val, VAL7.val);
+
+            // Some more value classes with different flavors of primitive fields
+            t.field6 = null;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field6, null);
+            t.field6 = new MyValue8((byte)i);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field6.b, (byte)i);
+            t.field7 = null;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field7, null);
+            t.field7 = new MyValue9((short)i);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field7.s, (short)i);
+            t.field8 = null;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field8, null);
+            t.field8 = new MyValue10(i);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field8.i, i);
+            t.field9 = null;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field9, null);
+            t.field9 = new MyValue11((float)i);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field9.f, (float)i);
+            t.field10 = null;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field10, null);
+            t.field10 = new MyValue12((char)i);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field10.c, (char)i);
+            t.field11 = null;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field11, null);
+            t.field11 = new MyValue13((i % 2) == 0);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field11.b, (i % 2) == 0);
+
+            // Write the fields again and check that we don't overwrite other fields
+            t.checkFields(i);
+            t.field6 = new MyValue8((byte)i);
+            t.checkFields(i);
+            t.field7 = new MyValue9((short)i);
+            t.checkFields(i);
+            t.field8 = new MyValue10(i);
+            t.checkFields(i);
+            t.field9 = new MyValue11((float)i);
+            t.checkFields(i);
+            t.field10 = new MyValue12((char)i);
+            t.checkFields(i);
+            t.field11 = new MyValue13((i % 2) == 0);
+            t.checkFields(i);
+
+            testNPE1();
+            testNPE2();
+
+            t.testBounds(i);
+
+            // Null-free, flat, atomic
+            MyValue8 val8 = new MyValue8((byte)i);
+            t.field12 = val8;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field12.b, (byte)i);
+
+            try {
+                t.field12 = null;
+                throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+            } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+
+            // Null-free, flat with both nullable and null-free fields
+            t.field13 = new MyValue14(val8, val8);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field13.nullfree, val8);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field13.nullable, val8);
+
+            t.field13 = new MyValue14(val8, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field13.nullfree, val8);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field13.nullable, null);
+
+            try {
+                t.field13 = new MyValue14(null, null);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+            } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+            try {
+                t.field13 = null;
+                throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+            } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+
+            // Nullable, atomic, flat with both nullable and null-free fields
+            t.field14 = null;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field14, null);
+
+            t.field14 = new MyValue14(val8, val8);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field14.nullfree, val8);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field14.nullable, val8);
+
+            t.field14 = new MyValue14(val8, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field14.nullfree, val8);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field14.nullable, null);
+
+            try {
+                t.field14 = new MyValue14(null, null);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+            } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+
+            // Nullable, (atomic), flat with both nullable and null-free fields
+            t.field15 = null;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field15, null);
+
+            t.field15 = new MyValue14(val8, val8);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field15.nullfree, val8);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field15.nullable, val8);
+
+            t.field15 = new MyValue14(val8, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field15.nullfree, val8);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field15.nullable, null);
+
+            try {
+                t.field15 = new MyValue14(null, null);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+            } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+
+            // Null-free, atomic, flat with both nullable and null-free fields
+            t.field16 = new MyValue14(val8, val8);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field16.nullfree, val8);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field16.nullable, val8);
+
+            t.field16 = new MyValue14(val8, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field16.nullfree, val8);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field16.nullable, null);
+
+            try {
+                t.field16 = new MyValue14(null, null);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+            } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+            try {
+                t.field16 = null;
+                throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+            } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+
+            MyValue15 val15 = new MyValue15(new MyClass(i));
+            t.testWriteOopFields1(val15);
+            if (i > (LIMIT - 50)) {
+                // After warmup, produce some garbage to trigger GC
+                produceGarbage();
+            }
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field17.obj.x, i);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field18.obj.x, i);
+
+            MyValue16 val16 = new MyValue16(new MyClass(i), new MyClass(i));
+            t.testWriteOopFields2(val16);
+            if (i > (LIMIT - 50)) {
+                // After warmup, produce some garbage to trigger GC
+                produceGarbage();
+            }
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field19.obj1.x, i);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field19.obj2.x, i);
+
+            MyValue17 val17 = new MyValue17(new MyClass(i), (byte)i, (byte)i);
+            t.testWriteOopFields3(val17);
+            if (i > (LIMIT - 50)) {
+                // After warmup, produce some garbage to trigger GC
+                produceGarbage();
+            }
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field20.obj.x, i);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field20.b1, (byte)i);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field20.b2, (byte)i);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field21.obj.x, i);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field21.b1, (byte)i);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field21.b2, (byte)i);
+
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.emptyField1, new MyValueEmpty());
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.emptyField2, new MyValueEmpty());
+
+            // Test empty fields
+            t.emptyField3 = new MyValueEmpty();
+            t.emptyField4 = new MyValueEmpty();
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.emptyField3, new MyValueEmpty());
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.emptyField4, new MyValueEmpty());
+            t.emptyField3 = null;
+            t.emptyField4 = null;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.emptyField3, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.emptyField4, null);
+
+            t.testLoadingFromConstantHolder(i);
+
+            // Verify that no out of bounds accesses happen
+            t.testOutOfBoundsAccess(i);
+
+            // Test strict fields
+            TwoBytes twoBytes = new TwoBytes((byte)i, (byte)(i + 1));
+            t.testStrictFields(new StrictFieldHolder(val8, val8, twoBytes, twoBytes), val8, val8, twoBytes, twoBytes);
+            t.testStrictFields(new StrictFieldHolder(null, val8, null, twoBytes), null, val8, null, twoBytes);
+        }
+
+        // Trigger deoptimization to check that re-materialization takes the null marker into account
+        byte x = (byte)42;
+        t.testDeopt1(x, new MyValue1(x, new MyValue2(x), new MyValue2(x)), new MyValue1(x, null, null), true);
+        t.testDeopt2(x, new MyValue4(new MyValue3(x), new MyValue3(x)), new MyValue4(null, null), true);
+
+        MyValue5 val1 = new MyValue5(x, new MyValue5A(x, new MyValue5B(x, new MyValue5C(x))));
+        MyValue5 val2 = new MyValue5(x, new MyValue5A(x, new MyValue5B(x, null)));
+        MyValue5 val3 = new MyValue5(x, new MyValue5A(x, null));
+        MyValue5 val4 = new MyValue5(x, null);
+        t.testDeopt3(x, val1, val2, val3, val4, true);
+
+        MyValue6 val5 = new MyValue6(new MyValueEmpty());
+        MyValue6 val6 = new MyValue6(null);
+        MyValue6 val7 = null;
+        t.testDeopt4(val5, val6, val7, true);
+
+        MyValue7 val8 = new MyValue7(new MyValue6(new MyValueEmpty()));
+        MyValue7 val9 = new MyValue7(new MyValue6(null));
+        MyValue7 val10 = new MyValue7(null);
+        MyValue7 val11 = null;
+        t.testDeopt5(val8, val9, val10, val11, false);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayAliasesCardMark.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayAliasesCardMark.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5cd6d3b5c11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayAliasesCardMark.java
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8260363
+ * @summary C2 compilation fails with assert(n->Opcode() != Op_Phi) failed: cannot match
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-BackgroundCompilation compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFlatArrayAliasesCardMark
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class Test0 {
+    int x = 42;
+    short[] array = new short[7];
+}
+
+public class TestFlatArrayAliasesCardMark {
+    int f = 1;
+
+    public void method1(Test0[] array) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
+            array[0] = array[0];
+            for (int j = 0; j < 10; ++j) {
+                for (int k = 0; k < 10; ++k) {
+                    f = 42;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestFlatArrayAliasesCardMark t = new TestFlatArrayAliasesCardMark();
+        Test0[] array = (Test0[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Test0.class, 1, new Test0());
+        array[0] = new Test0();
+
+        for (int l1 = 0; l1 < 10_000; ++l1) {
+            t.method1(array);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayLoadPinning.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayLoadPinning.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4997ac2c64f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayLoadPinning.java
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test correct pinning of loads from flat arrays.
+ * @bug 8384405
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+StressGCM
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+public class TestFlatArrayLoadPinning {
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValueWithInts {
+        int i1;
+        int i2;
+
+        MyValueWithInts(int i) {
+            i1 = i;
+            i2 = i;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int test(MyValueWithInts[] array, int limit) {
+        int res = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < limit; ++i) {
+            int index = (i == 7) ? Integer.MAX_VALUE : i;
+            // If below accesses are not pinned to both the flat-array layout check,
+            // as well as the range check, they can float above and access out-of-bounds.
+            MyValueWithInts val = array[index];
+            res += val.i1 + val.i2;
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        MyValueWithInts[] array = (MyValueWithInts[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyValueWithInts.class, 10, new MyValueWithInts(42));
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            try {
+                test(array, 10);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException thrown!");
+            } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException expected) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayMemoryPhi.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayMemoryPhi.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1051e301b48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayMemoryPhi.java
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test EA memory splitting with pre-existing flat array memory Phis.
+ * @requires vm.gc.Z
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UseZGC -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+public class TestFlatArrayMemoryPhi {
+    static value class MyValue {
+        byte b1 = 42;
+        byte b2 = 43;
+    }
+
+    static MyValue[] array = (MyValue[])ValueClass.newReferenceArray(MyValue.class, 2);
+
+    static void equals(MyValue a, MyValue b) {
+        if (a != b && !a.equals(b)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected result");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void test() {
+        MyValue[] flatArray = new MyValue[2];
+
+        equals(array[0], array[0]);
+        equals(flatArray[1], flatArray[1]);
+        equals(flatArray[0], array[0]);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        test();
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayThreshold.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayThreshold.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2b1d1a6e36e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayThreshold.java
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test accessing value class arrays that exceed the flattening threshold.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFlatArrayThreshold
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:FlatArrayElementMaxOops=1 -Xbatch
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFlatArrayThreshold
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseArrayFlattening -Xbatch
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFlatArrayThreshold
+
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold {
+    Object o1;
+    Object o2;
+
+    public MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        this.o1 = o1;
+        this.o2 = o2;
+    }
+}
+
+public class TestFlatArrayThreshold {
+
+    public static MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold test1(MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold[] va, MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold vt) {
+        va[0] = vt;
+        return va[1];
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold test2(MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold[] va, MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold vt) {
+        va[0] = vt;
+        return va[1];
+    }
+
+    public static Object test3(Object[] va, MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold vt) {
+        va[0] = vt;
+        return va[1];
+    }
+
+    public static Object test4(Object[] va, MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold vt) {
+        va[0] = vt;
+        return va[1];
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold test5(MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold[] va, Object vt) {
+        va[0] = (MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold)vt;
+        return va[1];
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold test6(MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold[] va, Object vt) {
+        va[0] = (MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold)vt;
+        return va[1];
+    }
+
+    public static Object test7(Object[] va, Object vt) {
+        va[0] = vt;
+        return va[1];
+    }
+
+    static public void main(String[] args) {
+        MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold vt = new MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold(new Integer(42), new Integer(43));
+        MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold[] va = (MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold.class, 2, new MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold(null, null));
+        MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold[] vaB = new MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold[2];
+        va[1] = vt;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; ++i) {
+            MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold result1 = test1(va, vt);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result1.o1, 42);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result1.o2, 43);
+
+            MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold result2 = test2(va, vt);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result2.o1, 42);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result2.o2, 43);
+            result2 = test2(vaB, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result2, null);
+
+            MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold result3 = (MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold)test3(va, vt);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result3.o1, 42);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result3.o2, 43);
+            result3 = (MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold)test3(vaB, vt);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result3, null);
+
+            MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold result4 = (MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold)test4(va, vt);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result4.o1, 42);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result4.o2, 43);
+            result4 = (MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold)test4(vaB, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result4, null);
+
+            MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold result5 = test5(va, vt);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result5.o1, 42);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result5.o2, 43);
+
+            MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold result6 = test6(va, vt);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result6.o1, 42);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result6.o2, 43);
+            result6 = test6(vaB, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result6, null);
+
+            MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold result7 = (MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold)test7(va, vt);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result7.o1, 42);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result7.o2, 43);
+            result7 = (MyValue1FlatArrayThreshold)test7(vaB, null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result7, null);
+        }
+        try {
+            test2(va, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            test4(va, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            test5(va, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            test6(va, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            test7(va, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatInArraySpeculation.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatInArraySpeculation.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fdf9eea6759
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatInArraySpeculation.java
@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8373878
+ * @summary Test various interactions with type speculation and flat in array properties which lead to inconsistencies.
+ *
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::* -XX:-UseOnStackReplacement -XX:TypeProfileLevel=222
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+public class TestFlatInArraySpeculation {
+    static boolean flag;
+    static Object oFld = new Object();
+    static Object oFld2;
+    static double dFld;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        MaybeFlat1 mf1 = new MaybeFlat1(1);
+        MaybeFlat2 mf2 = new MaybeFlat2(2);
+        Flat1 f1 = new Flat1(3);
+        Flat2 f2 = new Flat2(4);
+        X x = new X();
+        Y y = new Y();
+
+        flag = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            // Profiles to only return X or Y.
+            xOrY(x);
+            xOrY(y);
+
+            // Profiles to only return Flat1 or Flat2.
+            flat1OrFlat2(f1);
+            flat1OrFlat2(f2);
+
+            // Profile that we see MaybeFlat1 or X
+            testTypeNotFlatButKlassMaybeFlat1(mf1);
+            testTypeNotFlatButKlassMaybeFlat1(x);
+            testTypeNotFlatButKlassMaybeFlat2(mf1);
+
+            // Profile that we see MaybeFlat1 or Flat1
+            testTypeFlatButKlassMaybeFlat1(mf1);
+            testTypeFlatButKlassMaybeFlat1(f1);
+            testTypeFlatButKlassMaybeFlat2(mf1);
+
+            // Profile that we see Flat1 or X
+            testSuperNotFlatSubFlat(f1);
+            testSuperNotFlatSubFlat(x);
+
+            // Profile that we see Flat1 or Flat2
+            testSuperFlatSubNotFlat(f1);
+            testSuperFlatSubNotFlat(f2);
+        }
+
+        flag = true;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            test1aWrapper(x);
+            test1aWrapper(y);
+            test1bWrapper(x);
+            test1bWrapper(y);
+            test2aWrapper(f1);
+            test2aWrapper(f2);
+            test2bWrapper(f1);
+            test2bWrapper(f2);
+            test3Wrapper(x);
+            test3Wrapper(y);
+            test4Wrapper(f1);
+            test4Wrapper(f2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object xOrY(Object o) {
+        o.equals(oFld);
+        return o;
+    }
+
+    static Object flat1OrFlat2(Object o) {
+        o.equals(oFld);
+        return o;
+    }
+
+    static void test1aWrapper(Object parm) {
+        parm = xOrY(parm); // Phi[X (not flat in array), Y (not flat in array)] = Phi (not flat in array)
+        testTypeNotFlatButKlassMaybeFlat1(parm);
+    }
+
+    static void testTypeNotFlatButKlassMaybeFlat1(Object o) {
+        if (o instanceof MaybeFlat1) { // o: speculated to be X or Y -> not flat in array.
+            // CheckCast[MaybeFlat1] -> maybe flat in array -> contradicts not flat in array.
+            // But it is okay to propagate not flat in array here: If during runtime, we actually have MaybeFlat1
+            // then we would trap earlier because 'o' is speculated to be X or Y.
+            I i = (MaybeFlat1)o;
+            oFld2 = i.getClass();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test1bWrapper(Object parm) {
+        parm = xOrY(parm); // Phi[X (not flat in array), Y (not flat in array)] = Phi (not flat in array)
+        testTypeNotFlatButKlassMaybeFlat2(parm);
+    }
+
+    static void testTypeNotFlatButKlassMaybeFlat2(Object o) {
+        if (flag) {
+            return;
+        }
+        // o: X or Y -> not flat in array (1)
+        get(o); // o returned again from get(): speculated to be MaybeFlat1 -> maybe flat in array
+        if (o.getClass() == MaybeFlat1.class) { // receiver speculated to be MaybeFlat1 -> clash with not flat in array (1)
+            dFld = 34;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test2aWrapper(Object parm) {
+        parm = flat1OrFlat2(parm); // Phi[Flat1 (flat in array), Flat2 (flat in array)] = Phi (flat in array)
+        testTypeFlatButKlassMaybeFlat1(parm);
+    }
+
+    static void testTypeFlatButKlassMaybeFlat1(Object o) {
+        if (o instanceof MaybeFlat1) { // o: speculated to be Flat1 or Flat2 -> flat in array.
+            I i = (MaybeFlat1)o; // CheckCast[MaybeFlat1] -> maybe flat in array
+            oFld2 = i.getClass();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test2bWrapper(Object parm) {
+        parm = flat1OrFlat2(parm); // Phi[Flat1 (flat in array), Flat2 (flat in array)] = Phi (flat in array)
+        testTypeNotFlatButKlassMaybeFlat2(parm);
+    }
+
+    static void testTypeFlatButKlassMaybeFlat2(Object o) {
+        if (flag) {
+            return;
+        }
+        // o: Flat1 or Flat2 -> flat in array (1)
+        get(o); // o returned again from get(): speculated to be MaybeFlat1 -> maybe flat in array
+        if (o.getClass() == MaybeFlat1.class) { // receiver speculated to be MaybeFlat1 -> clash flat in array (1)
+            dFld = 34;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test3Wrapper(Object parm) {
+        parm = xOrY(parm); // Phi[X (not flat in array), Y (not flat in array)] = Phi (not flat in array)
+        testSuperNotFlatSubFlat(parm);
+    }
+
+    static void testSuperNotFlatSubFlat(Object o) {
+        // o speculated to be X or Y: not flat in array
+        // Flat1: flat in array -> o and Flat cannot subtype either other, and thus we can fold the if-branch away.
+        // Note: We could be calling test3Wrapper() with a Flat1 and then it seems to be wrong to fold the if-branch.
+        //       However, in this case, we would trap where we speculated that o is X or Y, so this is fine.
+        if (o instanceof Flat1) {
+            I i = (Flat1)o;
+            oFld2 = i.getClass();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test4Wrapper(Object parm) {
+        parm = flat1OrFlat2(parm); // Phi[Flat1 (flat in array), Flat2 (flat in array)] = Phi (flat in array)
+        testSuperFlatSubNotFlat(parm);
+    }
+
+    // Currently already handled.
+    static void testSuperFlatSubNotFlat(Object o) {
+        if (o instanceof X) { // o speculated: flat in array, X: not flat in array -> cannot subtype and can be folded.
+            X x = (X)o;
+            oFld2 = x.getClass();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static Object get(Object o) {
+        return o;
+    }
+
+
+    static class X {
+        public boolean equals(Object o) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Y {
+        public boolean equals(Object o) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    interface I {}
+
+    static value class Flat1 implements I {
+        int x;
+
+        Flat1(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+
+        public boolean equals(Object o) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class Flat2 implements I {
+        int x;
+
+        Flat2(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+
+        public boolean equals(Object o) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MaybeFlat1 implements I {
+        long x;
+
+        MaybeFlat1(long x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MaybeFlat2 implements I {
+        long x;
+
+        MaybeFlat2(long x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatInArraysFolding.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatInArraysFolding.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d6716ba5f50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatInArraysFolding.java
@@ -0,0 +1,335 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=serialgc
+ * @bug 8321734 8348961 8332406
+ * @requires vm.gc.Serial
+ * @summary Test that CmpPNode::sub and SubTypeCheckNode::sub correctly identify unrelated classes based on the flat
+ *          in array property of the types. Additionally check that the type system properly handles the case of a
+ *          super class being flat in array while the sub klass could be flat in array.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} serial
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8321734 8348961 8332406
+ * @summary Test that CmpPNode::sub and SubTypeCheckNode::sub correctly identify unrelated classes based on the flat
+ *          in array property of the types. Additionally check that the type system properly handles the case of a
+ *          super class being flat in array while the sub klass could be flat in array.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+public class TestFlatInArraysFolding {
+    static Object[] oArrArr = new Object[100][100];
+    static Object[] oArr = new Object[100];
+    static Object o = new Object();
+    static Object[] oArrSmall = new Object[2];
+    static Object[] vArr = new V[2];
+    static {
+        oArrSmall[0] = new Object();
+        oArrSmall[1] = new Object();
+        vArr[0] = new V();
+        vArr[1] = new V();
+    }
+    static int limit = 2;
+
+    // Make sure these are loaded such that A has a flat in array and a not flat in array sub class.
+    static FlatInArray flat = new FlatInArray(34);
+    static NotFlatInArray notFlat = new NotFlatInArray(34);
+
+    // Make sure PUnique is the unique concrete sub class loaded from AUnique.
+    static PUnique pUnique = new PUnique(34);
+
+    static int iFld;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // TODO 8350865 Scenarios are equivalent, FlatArrayElementMaxSize does not exist anymore
+        Scenario flatArrayElementMaxSize1Scenario = new Scenario(1, "-XX:-UseArrayFlattening");
+        Scenario flatArrayElementMaxSize4Scenario = new Scenario(2, "-XX:-UseArrayFlattening");
+        Scenario noFlagsScenario = new Scenario(3);
+        TestFramework testFramework = new TestFramework();
+        testFramework.setDefaultWarmup(0)
+                .addFlags("--enable-preview",
+                          "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                          "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                          "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions")
+                .addScenarios(flatArrayElementMaxSize1Scenario,
+                              flatArrayElementMaxSize4Scenario, noFlagsScenario);
+
+        if (args.length > 0) {
+            // Disable Loop Unrolling for IR matching in testCmpP().
+            // Use IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions since LoopMaxUnroll is a C2 flag.
+            // testSubTypeCheck() only triggers with SerialGC.
+            Scenario serialGCScenario = new Scenario(4, "-XX:+UseSerialGC", "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
+                                                     "-XX:LoopMaxUnroll=0", "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening");
+            testFramework.addScenarios(serialGCScenario);
+        }
+        Scenario noMethodTraps = new Scenario(5, "-XX:PerMethodTrapLimit=0", "-Xbatch");
+        testFramework.addScenarios(noMethodTraps);
+        testFramework.start();
+    }
+
+    // SubTypeCheck is not folded while CheckCastPPNode is replaced by top which results in a bad graph (data dies while
+    // control does not).
+    @Test
+    static void testSubTypeCheck() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+            Object arrayElement = oArrArr[i];
+            oArr = (Object[])arrayElement;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.COUNTED_LOOP, "2", // Loop Unswitching done?
+                  IRNode.STORE_I, "1"}, // CmpP folded in unswitched loop version with flat in array?
+        applyIf = {"LoopMaxUnroll", "0"})
+    static void testCmpP() {
+        Object[] arr = oArr;
+        if (arr == null) {
+            // Needed for the 'arrayElement == arr' to fold in
+            // the flat array case because both could be null.
+            throw new NullPointerException("arr is null");
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+            Object arrayElement = oArrArr[i];
+            if (arrayElement == arr) {
+                iFld = 34;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Type system does not correctly handle the case that a super klass is flat in array while the sub klass is
+    // maybe flat in array. This leads to a bad graph.
+    @Test
+    static void testUnswitchingAbstractClass() {
+        Object[] arr = oArr;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+            Object arrayElement = arr[i];
+            if (arrayElement instanceof A) {
+                A a = (A)arrayElement;
+                if (a == o) {
+                    a.foo();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as testUnswitchingAbstractClass() but with interfaces. This worked before because I has type Object(I)
+    // from which Object is a sub type of.
+    @Test
+    static void testUnswitchingInterface() {
+        Object[] arr = oArr;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+            Object arrayElement = arr[i];
+            if (arrayElement instanceof I) {
+                I iVar = (I)arrayElement;
+                if (iVar == o) {
+                    iVar.bar();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // TODO 8350865 FlatArrayElementMaxSize does not exist anymore
+    // PUnique is the unique concrete sub class of AUnique and is not flat in array (with FlatArrayElementMaxSize=4).
+    // The CheckCastPP output of the sub type check uses PUnique while the sub type check itself uses AUnique. This leads
+    // to a bad graph because the type system determines that the flat in array super klass cannot be met with the
+    // not flat in array sub klass. But the sub type check does not fold away because AUnique *could* be flat in array.
+    // Fixed with in JDK-8328480 in mainline but not yet merged in. Applied manually to make this work.
+    @Test
+    static void testSubTypeCheckNotFoldedParsingAbstractClass() {
+        Object[] arr = oArr;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+            Object arrayElement = arr[i];
+            if (arrayElement instanceof AUnique) {
+                AUnique aUnique = (AUnique)arrayElement;
+                if (aUnique == o) {
+                    aUnique.foo();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as testSubTypeCheckNotFoldedParsingAbstractClass() but with interfaces. This worked before because IUnique
+    // has type Object(IUnique) from which Object is a sub type of.
+    @Test
+    static void testSubTypeCheckNotFoldedParsingInterface() {
+        Object[] arr = oArr;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+            Object arrayElement = arr[i];
+            if (arrayElement instanceof IUnique) {
+                IUnique iUnique = (IUnique)arrayElement;
+                if (iUnique == o) {
+                    iUnique.bar();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    static void testJoinSameKlassDifferentFlatInArray() {
+        // Accessing the array: It could be a flat array. We therefore add a Phi to select from the normal vs.
+        // flat in array access:
+        //     Phi(Object:flat_in_array, Object) -> CheckCastPP[Object:NotNull:exact]
+        for (Object o : oArrSmall) {
+            // We speculate that we always call Object::hashCode() and thus add a CheckCastPP[Object:NotNull:exact]
+            // together with a speculate_class_check trap on the failing path.
+            // We decide to unswitch the loop to get a loop version where we only have flat in array accesses. This
+            // means we can get rid of the Phi. During IGVN and folding some nodes we eventually end up with:
+            //    CheckCastPP[Object:NotNull (flat_in_array)] -> CheckCastPP[Object:NotNull:exact]
+            //
+            // We know that we have some kind of Value class that needs to be joined with an exact Object that is not
+            // a value class. Thus, the result in an empty set. But this is missing in the type system. We fail with
+            // an assertion. This is fixed with 8348961.
+            //
+            // Pre-8332406:
+            // To make this type system change work, we require that the TypeInstKlassPtr::not_flat_in_array() takes
+            // exactness information into account to also fold the corresponding control path. This requires another
+            // follow up fix: The super class of a sub type check is always an exact class, i.e. "o instanceof Super".
+            // We need a version of TypeInstKlassPtr::not_flat_in_array() that treats "Super" as inexact. Failing to do
+            // so will erroneously fold a sub type check away (covered by testSubTypeCheckForObjectReceiver()).
+            //
+            // Post-8332406:
+            // We now directly cast the klass pointer in SubTypeCheckNode::sub() to inexact which triggers a
+            // recomputation of the flat in array property. This will turn an exact TypeInstKlassPtr such as Object,
+            // which is not flat in array, into an inexact maybe flat in array TypeInstKlassPtr.
+            o.hashCode();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    static void testSubTypeCheckForObjectReceiver() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < limit; i++) {
+            // We perform a sub type check that V is a sub type of Object. This is obviously true
+            vArr[i].hashCode();
+        }
+    }
+
+    interface IUnique {
+        abstract void bar();
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class AUnique implements IUnique {
+        abstract void foo();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class PUnique extends AUnique {
+        int x;
+        int y;
+        PUnique(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = 34;
+        }
+
+        public void foo() {}
+        public void bar() {}
+    }
+
+    interface I {
+        void bar();
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class A implements I {
+        abstract void foo();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class FlatInArray extends A implements I {
+        int x;
+        FlatInArray(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+
+        public void foo() {}
+        public void bar() {}
+    }
+
+    // TODO 8350865 FlatArrayElementMaxSize does not exist anymore
+    // Not flat in array with -XX:FlatArrayElementMaxSize=4
+    static value class NotFlatInArray extends A implements I {
+        int x;
+        int y;
+        NotFlatInArray(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = 34;
+        }
+
+        public void foo() {}
+        public void bar() {}
+    }
+
+    static value class V {}
+
+    static final Object OBJ = new Object();
+
+    @Test
+    static Object testEqualMeet1(boolean b, Object[] array, int i) {
+        return b ? array[i] : OBJ;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testEqualMeet1")
+    public void testEqualMeet1_verifier() {
+        testEqualMeet1(true, new Object[1], 0);
+        testEqualMeet1(false, new Object[1], 0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static Object testEqualMeet2(boolean b, Object[] array, int i) {
+        return b ? OBJ : array[i];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testEqualMeet2")
+    public void testEqualMeet2_verifier() {
+        testEqualMeet2(true, new Object[1], 0);
+        testEqualMeet2(false, new Object[1], 0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public static Object test8332406(boolean b, Object[] array, int i) {
+        return b ? array[i] : OBJ;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test8332406")
+    public static void runTest8332406() {
+        test8332406(true, new Object[1], 0);
+        test8332406(false, new Object[1], 0);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestGenerated.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestGenerated.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bf533984e68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestGenerated.java
@@ -0,0 +1,375 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8260034 8260225 8260283 8261037 8261874 8262128 8262831 8306986 8355299 8378780
+ * @summary A selection of generated tests that triggered bugs not covered by other tests.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -Xbatch
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestGenerated
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -Xbatch -XX:ForceNonTearable=*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestGenerated
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -Xbatch -XX:-UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestGenerated
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -Xbatch -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestGenerated
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class EmptyPrimitive {
+
+}
+
+value class EmptyValue {
+
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValue1Generated {
+    int x = 42;
+    int[] array = new int[1];
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValue2Generated {
+    int[] a = new int[1];
+    int[] b = new int[6];
+    int[] c = new int[5];
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValue3Generated {
+    int[] intArray = new int[1];
+    float[] floatArray = new float[1];
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValue4Generated {
+    short b = 2;
+    int c = 8;
+}
+
+class MyValue4Wrapper {
+    public MyValue4Generated val;
+
+    public MyValue4Wrapper(MyValue4Generated val) {
+        this.val = val;
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValue5Generated {
+    int b = 2;
+}
+
+value class MyValue6Generated {
+    int x = 42;
+}
+
+public class TestGenerated {
+    private static final WhiteBox WHITE_BOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+    private static final boolean SLOW_CONFIGURATION = (WHITE_BOX.getIntxVMFlag("TieredStopAtLevel").intValue() < 4);
+
+    EmptyPrimitive f1 = new EmptyPrimitive();
+    EmptyPrimitive f2 = new EmptyPrimitive();
+
+    public TestGenerated() {
+        f4 = new MyValue1Generated();
+        e = new MyValue4Generated();
+        test13_t = new MyValue5Generated();
+        super();
+    }
+
+    void test1(EmptyPrimitive[] array) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            f1 = array[0];
+            f2 = array[0];
+        }
+    }
+
+    MyValue1Generated test2(MyValue1Generated[] array) {
+        MyValue1Generated res = new MyValue1Generated();
+        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; ++i) {
+            res = array[i];
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
+
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    void test3(MyValue1Generated[] array) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; ++i) {
+            array[i] = new MyValue1Generated();
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
+
+        }
+    }
+
+    void test4(MyValue1Generated[] array) {
+        array[0].array[0] = 0;
+    }
+
+    int test5(MyValue1Generated[] array) {
+        return array[0].array[0];
+    }
+
+    long f3;
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue1Generated f4;
+
+    void test6() {
+        f3 = 123L;
+        int res = f4.x;
+        if (res != 42) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test6 failed");
+        }
+    }
+
+    MyValue2Generated f5;
+
+    void test7(boolean b) {
+        MyValue2Generated[] array1 = (MyValue2Generated[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2Generated.class, 6, new MyValue2Generated());
+        array1[0] = new MyValue2Generated();
+        array1[1] = new MyValue2Generated();
+        array1[2] = new MyValue2Generated();
+        array1[3] = new MyValue2Generated();
+        array1[4] = new MyValue2Generated();
+        array1[5] = new MyValue2Generated();
+
+        MyValue2Generated h = new MyValue2Generated();
+        MyValue2Generated n = new MyValue2Generated();
+        int[] array2 = new int[1];
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < 10; ++j) {
+                array1[0] = array1[0];
+                if (i == 1) {
+                    h = h;
+                    array2[0] *= 42;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (b) {
+            f5 = n;
+        }
+    }
+
+    boolean test8(MyValue1Generated[] array) {
+        return array[0].array == array[0].array;
+    }
+
+    void test9(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1Generated[] array = (MyValue1Generated[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1Generated.class, 1, new MyValue1Generated());
+        if (b) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+                if (array != array) {
+                    array = null;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    int[] f6 = new int[1];
+
+    void test10(MyValue3Generated[] array) {
+        float[] floatArray = array[0].floatArray;
+        if (f6 == f6) {
+            f6 = array[0].intArray;
+        }
+    }
+
+    void test11(MyValue3Generated[] array) {
+        float[] floatArray = array[0].floatArray;
+        if (array[0].intArray[0] != 42) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test11 failed");
+        }
+    }
+
+    MyValue4Generated[] d = (MyValue4Generated[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue4Generated.class, 1, new MyValue4Generated());
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue4Generated e;
+    byte f;
+
+    byte test12() {
+        MyValue4Generated i = new MyValue4Generated();
+        for (int j = 0; j < 6; ++j) {
+            MyValue4Generated[] k = (MyValue4Generated[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue4Generated.class, 0, new MyValue4Generated());
+            if (i.b < 101) {
+                i = e;
+            }
+            for (int l = 0; l < 9; ++l) {
+                MyValue4Generated m = new MyValue4Generated();
+                i = m;
+            }
+        }
+        if (d[0].c > 1) {
+            for (int n = 0; n < 7; ++n) {
+            }
+        }
+        return f;
+    }
+
+    int test13_iField;
+    MyValue5Generated test13_c;
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue5Generated test13_t;
+
+    void test13(MyValue5Generated[] array) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < 10; ++j) {
+                test13_iField = 6;
+            }
+            for (int j = 0; j < 2; ++j) {
+                test13_iField += array[0].b;
+            }
+            MyValue5Generated[] array2 = (MyValue5Generated[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue5Generated.class, 1, new MyValue5Generated());
+            test13_c = array[0];
+            array2[0] = test13_t;
+        }
+    }
+
+    void test14(boolean b, MyValue4Generated val) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            if (b) {
+                val = new MyValue4Generated();
+            }
+            MyValue4Generated[] array = (MyValue4Generated[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue4Generated.class, 1, new MyValue4Generated());
+            array[0] = val;
+
+            for (int j = 0; j < 5; ++j) {
+                for (int k = 0; k < 5; ++k) {
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    void test15() {
+        MyValue4Generated val = new MyValue4Generated();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < 10; ++j) {
+                MyValue4Generated[] array = (MyValue4Generated[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue4Generated.class, 1, new MyValue4Generated());
+                for (int k = 0; k < 10; ++k) {
+                    array[0] = val;
+                    val = array[0];
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    void test16() {
+        MyValue4Generated val = new MyValue4Generated();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < 10; ++j) {
+                val = (new MyValue4Wrapper(val)).val;
+                for (int k = 0; k < 10; ++k) {
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static MyValue6Generated test17Field = new MyValue6Generated();
+
+    void test17() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            MyValue6Generated val = new MyValue6Generated();
+            for (int j = 0; j < 10; ++j) {
+                test17Field = val;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    EmptyValue test18Field;
+
+    EmptyValue test18() {
+        EmptyValue val = new EmptyValue();
+        test18Field = val;
+        return test18Field;
+    }
+
+    MyValue1Generated test19Field = new MyValue1Generated();
+
+    public void test19() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            MyValue1Generated val = new MyValue1Generated();
+            for (int j = 0; j < 10; ++j) {
+                test19Field = val;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestGenerated t = new TestGenerated();
+        EmptyPrimitive[] array1 = (EmptyPrimitive[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(EmptyPrimitive.class, 1, new EmptyPrimitive());
+        MyValue1Generated[] array2 = (MyValue1Generated[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1Generated.class, 10, new MyValue1Generated());
+        MyValue1Generated[] array3 = (MyValue1Generated[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1Generated.class, 1, new MyValue1Generated());
+        array3[0] = new MyValue1Generated();
+        MyValue3Generated[] array4 = (MyValue3Generated[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue3Generated.class, 1, new MyValue3Generated());
+        array4[0] = new MyValue3Generated();
+        MyValue5Generated[] array5 = (MyValue5Generated[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue5Generated.class, 1, new MyValue5Generated());
+        array5[0] = new MyValue5Generated();
+        array4[0].intArray[0] = 42;
+
+        int iterations = SLOW_CONFIGURATION ? 1_000 : 50_000;
+        for (int i = 0; i < iterations; ++i) {
+            t.test1(array1);
+            t.test2(array2);
+            t.test3(array2);
+            t.test4(array3);
+            t.test5(array3);
+            t.test6();
+            t.test7(false);
+            t.test8(array3);
+            t.test9(true);
+            t.test10(array4);
+            t.test11(array4);
+            t.test12();
+            t.test13(array5);
+            t.test14(false, new MyValue4Generated());
+            t.test15();
+            t.test16();
+            t.test17();
+            t.test18();
+            t.test19();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestGetCyclicField.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestGetCyclicField.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..836a0293f32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestGetCyclicField.java
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8378686
+ * @summary Cyclic fields should be scalarized at getfield.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ */
+public class TestGetCyclicField {
+    private static value class MyValue {
+        MyValue other;
+
+        MyValue(MyValue other) {
+            this.other = other;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final Unsafe U = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
+    private static final long OTHER_OFFSET = U.objectFieldOffset(MyValue.class, "other");
+
+    private static MyValue testGetField(MyValue a) {
+        MyValue b = (a.other == null) ? new MyValue(a) : a.other;
+        MyValue c = (b.other == null) ? new MyValue(b) : b.other;
+        return c;
+    }
+
+    private static MyValue testUnsafe(MyValue a) {
+        MyValue b = (U.getReference(a, OTHER_OFFSET) == null) ? new MyValue(a) : (MyValue)U.getReference(a, OTHER_OFFSET);
+        MyValue c = (U.getReference(b, OTHER_OFFSET) == null) ? new MyValue(b) : (MyValue)U.getReference(b, OTHER_OFFSET);
+        return c;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; i++) {
+            testGetField(new MyValue(null));
+            testUnsafe(new MyValue(null));
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestGetFlatValueNullableNonAtomic.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestGetFlatValueNullableNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0edea05be58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestGetFlatValueNullableNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8386499
+ * @summary Test C2 Unsafe.getFlatValue with a nullable non-atomic flat layout.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:+UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xcomp
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public value class TestGetFlatValueNullableNonAtomic {
+    static final Unsafe U = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
+    static final long OFFSET;
+    static final int LAYOUT;
+
+    static {
+        try {
+            Field f = TestGetFlatValueNullableNonAtomic.class.getDeclaredField("value");
+            OFFSET = U.objectFieldOffset(f);
+            LAYOUT = U.fieldLayout(f);
+        } catch (ReflectiveOperationException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    Integer value = 42;
+
+    int test() {
+        return U.getFlatValue(this, OFFSET, LAYOUT, Integer.class);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestGetFlatValueNullableNonAtomic t = new TestGetFlatValueNullableNonAtomic();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(t.test(), 42);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestGetfieldChains.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestGetfieldChains.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7afc7152d4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestGetfieldChains.java
@@ -0,0 +1,298 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.CompLevel;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.Run;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.Scenario;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.Test;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Verify that chains of getfields on flat fields are correctly optimized.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile GetfieldChains.jcod
+ * @run driver/timeout=300 ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class Point {
+    int x = 4;
+    int y = 7;
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class Rectangle {
+    @NullRestricted
+    Point p0 = new Point();
+    @NullRestricted
+    Point p1 = new Point();
+}
+
+class NamedRectangle {
+    @NullRestricted
+    Rectangle rect;
+    String name = "";
+
+    NamedRectangle() {
+        rect = new Rectangle();
+        super();
+    }
+
+    static int getP1X(NamedRectangle nr) {
+        return nr.rect
+            .p1
+            .x;
+    }
+
+    static Point getP1(NamedRectangle nr) {
+        return nr.rect
+            .p1;
+    }
+}
+
+public class TestGetfieldChains {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+
+        final Scenario[] scenarios = {
+                new Scenario(0,
+                        // C1 only
+                        "-XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1",
+                        "-XX:+TieredCompilation"),
+                new Scenario(1,
+                        // C2 only. (Make sure the tests are correctly written)
+                        "-XX:TieredStopAtLevel=4",
+                        "-XX:-TieredCompilation",
+                        "-XX:-OmitStackTraceInFastThrow"),
+                new Scenario(2,
+                        // interpreter only
+                        "-Xint"),
+                new Scenario(3,
+                        // Xcomp Only C1
+                        "-XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1",
+                        "-XX:+TieredCompilation",
+                        "-Xcomp"),
+                new Scenario(4,
+                        // Xcomp Only C2
+                        "-XX:TieredStopAtLevel=4",
+                        "-XX:-TieredCompilation",
+                        "-XX:-OmitStackTraceInFastThrow",
+                        "-Xcomp")
+        };
+
+        InlineTypes.getFramework()
+                   .addScenarios(scenarios)
+                   .addFlags("--enable-preview",
+                             "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                             "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED")
+                   .start();
+    }
+
+
+    // Simple chain of getfields ending with value type field
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public int test1() {
+        return NamedRectangle.getP1X(new NamedRectangle());
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test1")
+    public void test1_verifier() {
+        int res = test1();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, 4);
+    }
+
+    // Simple chain of getfields ending with a flat field
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public Point test2() {
+        return NamedRectangle.getP1(new NamedRectangle());
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test2")
+    public void test2_verifier() {
+        Point p = test2();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(p.x, 4);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(p.y, 7);
+    }
+
+    // Chain of getfields but the initial receiver is null
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public NullPointerException test3() {
+        NullPointerException npe = null;
+        try {
+            NamedRectangle.getP1X(null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NullPointerException thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            npe = e;
+        }
+        return npe;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test3")
+    public void test3_verifier() {
+        NullPointerException npe = test3();
+        Asserts.assertNE(npe, null);
+        StackTraceElement st = npe.getStackTrace()[0];
+        Asserts.assertEQ(st.getMethodName(), "getP1X");
+    }
+
+    // Chain of getfields but one getfield in the middle of the chain triggers an illegal access
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public IllegalAccessError test4() {
+        IllegalAccessError iae = null;
+        try {
+            int i = NamedRectangleP.getP1Y(new NamedRectangleP());
+            throw new RuntimeException("No IllegalAccessError thrown");
+        } catch (IllegalAccessError e) {
+            iae = e;
+        }
+        return iae;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test4")
+    public void test4_verifier() {
+        IllegalAccessError iae = test4();
+        Asserts.assertNE(iae, null);
+        StackTraceElement st = iae.getStackTrace()[0];
+        Asserts.assertEQ(st.getMethodName(), "getP1Y");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(iae.getMessage().contains("class compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.NamedRectangleP tried to access private field compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.RectangleP.p1"));
+    }
+
+    // Chain of getfields but the last getfield triggers a NoSuchFieldError
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public NoSuchFieldError test5() {
+        NoSuchFieldError nsfe = null;
+        try {
+            int i = NamedRectangleN.getP1X(new NamedRectangleN());
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NoSuchFieldError thrown");
+        } catch (NoSuchFieldError e) {
+            nsfe = e;
+        }
+        return nsfe;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test5")
+    public void test5_verifier() {
+        NoSuchFieldError nsfe = test5();
+        Asserts.assertNE(nsfe, null);
+        StackTraceElement st = nsfe.getStackTrace()[0];
+        Asserts.assertEQ(st.getMethodName(), "getP1X");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(nsfe.getMessage(), "Class compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.PointN does not have member field 'int x'");
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class EmptyType1 { }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class EmptyContainer1 {
+        int i = 0;
+        @NullRestricted
+        EmptyType1 et = new EmptyType1();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Container1 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        EmptyContainer1 container0 = new EmptyContainer1();
+        @NullRestricted
+        EmptyContainer1 container1 = new EmptyContainer1();
+    }
+
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public EmptyType1 test6() {
+        Container1 c = new Container1();
+        return c.container1.et;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test6")
+    public void test6_verifier() {
+        EmptyType1 et = test6();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(et, new EmptyType1());
+    }
+
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public EmptyType1 test7() {
+        Container1[] ca = (Container1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Container1.class, 10, new Container1());
+        return ca[3].container0.et;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test7")
+    public void test7_verifier() {
+        EmptyType1 et = test7();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(et, new EmptyType1());
+    }
+
+    // Same as test6/test7 but not null-free and EmptyContainer2 with only one field
+
+    static value class EmptyType2 { }
+
+    // TODO 8376254: C1 bailouts if the type of the nullable flat field is uninitialized
+    static final EmptyType2 LOAD_EMPTY_TYPE_2 = new EmptyType2();
+    static final EmptyContainer2 LOAD_EMPTY_CONTAINER_2 = new EmptyContainer2();
+
+    static value class EmptyContainer2 {
+        EmptyType2 et = null;
+    }
+
+    static value class Container2 {
+        EmptyContainer2 container0 = new EmptyContainer2();
+        EmptyContainer2 container1 = new EmptyContainer2();
+    }
+
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public EmptyType2 test8() {
+        Container2 c = new Container2();
+        return c.container1.et;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test8")
+    public void test8_verifier() {
+        EmptyType2 et = test8();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(et, null);
+    }
+
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.C1_SIMPLE)
+    public EmptyType2 test9() {
+        Container2[] ca = new Container2[10];
+        ca[3] = new Container2();
+        return ca[3].container0.et;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test9")
+    public void test9_verifier() {
+        EmptyType2 et = test9();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(et, null);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestImplicitNullCheckInIC.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestImplicitNullCheckInIC.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4a3c7bf8bfd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestImplicitNullCheckInIC.java
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test implicit exception handling in inline-cache check.
+ * @bug 8375086
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestImplicitNullCheckInIC
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*TestImplicitNullCheckInIC*::test*
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*TestImplicitNullCheckInIC*::callee
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,java.lang.Integer::compareTo
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestImplicitNullCheckInIC
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+public class TestImplicitNullCheckInIC {
+
+    static interface MyInterface {
+        int callee();
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue implements MyInterface {
+        int x;
+
+        public MyValue(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+
+        public int callee() {
+            return x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Make sure that CHA does not report a single implementor
+    // of MyInterface since that would disable the inline cache.
+    static value class MyValue1 implements MyInterface {
+        public int callee() {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+    static MyValue1 tmp = new MyValue1();
+
+    public int test(MyInterface obj) {
+        return obj.callee(); // Call site will use an inline cache
+    }
+
+    // Test case extracted from original report
+    static class OriginalTestcase<K> {
+        public int test(Object obj1, Object obj2) {
+            return ((Comparable<? super K>)obj1).compareTo((K)obj2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestImplicitNullCheckInIC t1 = new TestImplicitNullCheckInIC();
+        OriginalTestcase<Integer> t2 = new OriginalTestcase<Integer>();
+
+        // Warmup to trigger compilation and initialize inline cache
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100_000; ++i) {
+            t1.test(new MyValue(42));
+            t2.test(42, 43);
+        }
+
+        try {
+            t1.test(null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NullPointerException thrown!");
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+
+        try {
+            t2.test(null, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NullPointerException thrown!");
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestInlineFieldNonFlattened.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestInlineFieldNonFlattened.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7749e0df949
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestInlineFieldNonFlattened.java
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, Arm Limited. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import java.util.Random;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8311219
+ * @summary VM option "UseFieldFlattening" does not work well.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+public class TestInlineFieldNonFlattened {
+    static class MyClass {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public final MyValue v1;
+
+        public MyValue v2;
+
+        public MyClass(MyValue v) {
+            v2 = v;
+            v1 = new MyValue(5);
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue {
+        public int field;
+
+        public MyValue(int f) {
+            field = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final Random RD = Utils.getRandomInstance();
+
+    static MyClass c;
+
+    static {
+        c = new MyClass(new MyValue(RD.nextInt(100)));
+    }
+
+    static int f;
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.LOAD_N, "2"})
+    public static void testNonFlattenedField() {
+        f = c.v2.field;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.LOAD_N, "2"})
+    public static void testNonFlattenedFinalField() {
+        f = c.v1.field;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestFramework testFramework = new TestFramework();
+        testFramework.setDefaultWarmup(10000)
+                     .addFlags("--enable-preview",
+                               "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                               "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                               "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                               "-XX:-TieredCompilation",
+                               "-XX:-UseFieldFlattening")
+                     .start();
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestInlineTypeInfinitePushThruPhi.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestInlineTypeInfinitePushThruPhi.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9bb53506271
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestInlineTypeInfinitePushThruPhi.java
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8386676
+ * @summary [lworld] Infinite loop when pushing inline types down though phis during IGVN
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+StressIGVN
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:-UseOnStackReplacement -XX:StressSeed=3696073068 -XX:CompileTaskTimeout=8000 ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions  -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+StressIGVN
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:-UseOnStackReplacement -XX:CompileTaskTimeout=8000 ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+public class TestInlineTypeInfinitePushThruPhi {
+    static V2 v2 = new V2(3);
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; i++) {
+            test();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void test() {
+        V1 v1 = new V1(null, v2);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+            v1 = new V1(v1.x, v1.y);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class V1 {
+        V2 x;
+        @NullRestricted
+        V2 y;
+
+        V1(V2 x, V2 y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class V2 {
+        int i;
+
+        V2(int i) {
+            this.i = i;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..299230f0b98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java
@@ -0,0 +1,2247 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.CALL_UNSAFE;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.rI;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.rL;
+
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOAD;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOAD_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.*;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test intrinsic support for value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 0
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test intrinsic support for value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 1
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test intrinsic support for value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 2
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test intrinsic support for value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 3
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test intrinsic support for value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 4
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test intrinsic support for value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 5
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test intrinsic support for value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 6
+ */
+
+@ForceCompileClassInitializer
+public class TestIntrinsics {
+
+    // Make sure the WhiteBox API is only loaded in the Test VM such that we can run this test in driver mode
+    static class Flags {
+        private static final WhiteBox WHITEBOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+        private static final boolean UseArrayFlattening = WHITEBOX.getBooleanVMFlag("UseArrayFlattening");
+        private static final boolean UseFieldFlattening = WHITEBOX.getBooleanVMFlag("UseFieldFlattening");
+        private static final boolean PreloadClasses = WHITEBOX.getBooleanVMFlag("PreloadClasses");
+    }
+
+    public TestIntrinsics() {
+        test24_vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+
+        Scenario[] scenarios = InlineTypes.DEFAULT_SCENARIOS;
+        scenarios[3].addFlags("-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening");
+        scenarios[4].addFlags("-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions", "-XX:PerMethodSpecTrapLimit=0", "-XX:PerMethodTrapLimit=0");
+
+        InlineTypes.getFramework()
+                   .addScenarios(scenarios[Integer.parseInt(args[0])])
+                   .addFlags("-Xbootclasspath/a:.", "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:+WhiteBoxAPI",
+                             "-XX:CompileCommand=inline,jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe::*",
+                             "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                             "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED")
+                   .addHelperClasses(MyValue1.class,
+                                     MyValue2.class,
+                                     MyValue2Inline.class)
+                   .start();
+    }
+
+    static {
+        // Make sure RuntimeException is loaded to prevent uncommon traps in IR verified tests
+        RuntimeException tmp = new RuntimeException("42");
+    }
+
+    // Test correctness of the Class::isAssignableFrom intrinsic
+    @Test
+    public boolean test1(Class<?> supercls, Class<?> subcls) {
+        return supercls.isAssignableFrom(subcls);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test1")
+    public void test1_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test1(java.util.AbstractList.class, java.util.ArrayList.class), "test1_1 failed");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test1(MyValue1.class, MyValue1.class), "test1_2 failed");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test1(Object.class, java.util.ArrayList.class), "test1_3 failed");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test1(Object.class, MyValue1.class), "test1_4 failed");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(!test1(MyValue1.class, Object.class), "test1_5 failed");
+    }
+
+    // Verify that Class::isAssignableFrom checks with statically known classes are folded
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {LOAD_KLASS})
+    public boolean test2() {
+        boolean check1 = java.util.AbstractList.class.isAssignableFrom(java.util.ArrayList.class);
+        boolean check2 = MyValue1.class.isAssignableFrom(MyValue1.class);
+        boolean check3 = Object.class.isAssignableFrom(java.util.ArrayList.class);
+        boolean check4 = Object.class.isAssignableFrom(MyValue1.class);
+        boolean check5 = !MyValue1.class.isAssignableFrom(Object.class);
+        return check1 && check2 && check3 && check4 && check5;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test2")
+    public void test2_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test2(), "test2 failed");
+    }
+
+    // Test correctness of the Class::getSuperclass intrinsic
+    @Test
+    public Class<?> test3(Class<?> cls) {
+        return cls.getSuperclass();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test3")
+    public void test3_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test3(Object.class) == null, "test3_1 failed");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test3(MyValue1.class) == MyAbstract.class, "test3_2 failed");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test3(MyValue1.class) == MyAbstract.class, "test3_3 failed");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test3(Class.class) == Object.class, "test3_4 failed");
+    }
+
+    // Verify that Class::getSuperclass checks with statically known classes are folded
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {LOAD_KLASS})
+    public boolean test4() {
+        boolean check1 = Object.class.getSuperclass() == null;
+        boolean check2 = MyValue1.class.getSuperclass() == MyAbstract.class;
+        boolean check3 = MyValue1.class.getSuperclass() == MyAbstract.class;
+        boolean check4 = Class.class.getSuperclass() == Object.class;
+        return check1 && check2 && check3 && check4;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test4")
+    public void test4_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test4(), "test4 failed");
+    }
+
+    // Test toString() method
+    @Test
+    public String test5(MyValue1 v) {
+        return v.toString();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test5")
+    public void test5_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createDefaultInline();
+        test5(v);
+    }
+
+    // Test hashCode() method
+    @Test
+    public int test6(MyValue1 v) {
+        return v.hashCode();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test6")
+    public void test6_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        int res = test6(v);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, v.hashCode());
+    }
+
+    // Test value class array creation via reflection
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test7(Class<?> componentType, int len, Object initValue) {
+        Object[] va = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(componentType, len, initValue);
+        return va;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test7")
+    public void test7_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 42;
+        long hash = MyValue1.createDefaultDontInline().hashPrimitive();
+        Object[] va = test7(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(((MyValue1)va[i]).hashPrimitive(), hash);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Class.isInstance
+    @Test
+    public boolean test8(Class c, MyValue1 vt) {
+        return c.isInstance(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test8")
+    public void test8_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        boolean result = test8(MyValue1.class, vt);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(result);
+        result = test8(MyValue1.class, vt);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public boolean test9(Class c, MyValue1 vt) {
+        return c.isInstance(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test9")
+    public void test9_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        boolean result = test9(MyValue2.class, vt);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(result);
+        result = test9(MyValue2.class, vt);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(result);
+    }
+
+    // Class.cast
+    @Test
+    public Object test10(Class c, MyValue1 vt) {
+        return c.cast(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test10")
+    public void test10_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        Object result = test10(MyValue1.class, vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object test11(Class c, MyValue1 vt) {
+        return c.cast(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test11")
+    public void test11_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        try {
+            test11(MyValue2.class, vt);
+            throw new RuntimeException("should have thrown");
+        } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object test12(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return MyValue1.class.cast(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test12")
+    public void test12_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        Object result = test12(vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object test13(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return MyValue2.class.cast(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test13")
+    public void test13_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        try {
+            test13(vt);
+            throw new RuntimeException("should have thrown");
+        } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Value class array creation via reflection
+    @Test
+    public void test14(int len, long hash) {
+        Object[] va = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(((MyValue1)va[i]).hashPrimitive(), hash);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test14")
+    public void test14_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 42;
+        long hash = MyValue1.createDefaultDontInline().hashPrimitive();
+        test14(len, hash);
+    }
+
+    // Test hashCode() method
+    @Test
+    public int test15(Object v) {
+        return v.hashCode();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test15")
+    public void test15_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        int res = test15(v);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, v.hashCode());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public int test16(Object v) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(v);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test16")
+    public void test16_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        int res = test16(v);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, System.identityHashCode((Object)v));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public int test17(Object v) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(v);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test17")
+    public void test17_verifier() {
+        Integer v = Integer.valueOf(rI);
+        int res = test17(v);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, System.identityHashCode(v));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public int test18(Object v) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(v);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test18")
+    public void test18_verifier() {
+        Object v = null;
+        int res = test18(v);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, System.identityHashCode(v));
+    }
+
+    // hashCode() and toString() with different value objects
+    @Test
+    public int test19(MyValue1 vt1, MyValue1 vt2, boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 res = b ? vt1 : vt2;
+        return res.hashCode();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test19")
+    public void test19_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        int res = test19(vt, vt, true);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, vt.hashCode());
+        res = test19(vt, vt, false);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, vt.hashCode());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public String test20(MyValue1 vt1, MyValue1 vt2, boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 res = b ? vt1 : vt2;
+        return res.toString();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test20")
+    public void test20_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        String res = test20(vt, vt, true);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, vt.toString());
+        res = test20(vt, vt, false);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, vt.toString());
+    }
+
+    private static final Unsafe U = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
+    private static final long X_OFFSET;
+    private static final long Y_OFFSET;
+    private static final long V1_OFFSET;
+    private static final boolean V1_FLATTENED;
+    private static final int V1_LAYOUT;
+
+    static {
+        try {
+            Field xField = MyValue1.class.getDeclaredField("x");
+            X_OFFSET = U.objectFieldOffset(xField);
+            Field yField = MyValue1.class.getDeclaredField("y");
+            Y_OFFSET = U.objectFieldOffset(yField);
+            Field v1Field = MyValue1.class.getDeclaredField("v1");
+            V1_OFFSET = U.objectFieldOffset(v1Field);
+            V1_FLATTENED = U.isFlatField(v1Field);
+            V1_LAYOUT = U.fieldLayout(v1Field);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public int test21(MyValue1 v) {
+       return U.getInt(v, X_OFFSET);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test21")
+    public void test21_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        int res = test21(v);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, v.x);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public int test23(MyValue1 v, long offset) {
+        return U.getInt(v, offset);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test23")
+    public void test23_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        int res = test23(v, X_OFFSET);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, v.x);
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue1 test24_vt;
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public int test24(long offset) {
+        return U.getInt(test24_vt, offset);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test24")
+    public void test24_verifier() {
+        int res = test24(X_OFFSET);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, test24_vt.x);
+    }
+
+    // Test copyOf intrinsic with allocated value object in its debug information
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test25Value {
+        int x;
+
+        public Test25Value(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    final Test25Value[] test25Array = (Test25Value[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Test25Value.class, 10, new Test25Value(0));
+
+    @Test
+    public Test25Value[] test25(Test25Value element) {
+        Object[] newArray = Arrays.copyOf(test25Array, test25Array.length);
+        newArray[test25Array.length - 1] = element;
+        return (Test25Value[]) newArray;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test25")
+    public void test25_verifier() {
+        Test25Value vt = new Test25Value(42);
+        test25(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = IRNode.LOAD_I) // Load of the all-zero value should be folded
+    public Object test26() {
+        Class<?>[] ca = new Class<?>[1];
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1; ++i) {
+          // Folds during loop opts
+          ca[i] = MyValue1.class;
+        }
+        return ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ca[0], 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test26")
+    public void test26_verifier() {
+        Object[] res = (Object[])test26();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(((MyValue1)res[0]).hashPrimitive(), MyValue1.createDefaultInline().hashPrimitive());
+    }
+
+    // Load non-flattenable value class field with unsafe
+    MyValue1 test27_vt;
+    private static final long TEST27_OFFSET;
+    static {
+        try {
+            Field field = TestIntrinsics.class.getDeclaredField("test27_vt");
+            TEST27_OFFSET = U.objectFieldOffset(field);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public MyValue1 test27() {
+        return (MyValue1)U.getReference(this, TEST27_OFFSET);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test27")
+    public void test27_verifier() {
+        test27_vt = null;
+        MyValue1 res = test27();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(null, res);
+        test27_vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        res = test27();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test27_vt, res);
+    }
+
+    // Mismatched type
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public int test28(MyValue1 v) {
+        return U.getByte(v, X_OFFSET);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test28")
+    public void test28_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        int res = test28(v);
+        if (java.nio.ByteOrder.nativeOrder() == java.nio.ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(res, (int)((byte)v.x));
+        } else {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(res, (int)((byte)Integer.reverseBytes(v.x)));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Wrong alignment
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public long test29(MyValue1 v) {
+        // Read the field that's guaranteed to not be last in the
+        // value class so we don't read out of bounds.
+        if (X_OFFSET < Y_OFFSET) {
+            return U.getInt(v, X_OFFSET+1);
+        }
+        return U.getLong(v, Y_OFFSET+1);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test29")
+    public void test29_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        long res = test29(v);
+        if (java.nio.ByteOrder.nativeOrder() == java.nio.ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN) {
+            if (X_OFFSET < Y_OFFSET) {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(((int)res) << 8, (v.x >> 8) << 8);
+            } else {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(res << 8, (v.y >> 8) << 8);
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (X_OFFSET < Y_OFFSET) {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(((int)res), v.x >>> 8);
+            } else {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(res, v.y >>> 8);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // getValue to retrieve flattened field from value object
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public MyValue2 test30(MyValue1 v) {
+        if (V1_FLATTENED) {
+            return U.getFlatValue(v, V1_OFFSET, V1_LAYOUT, MyValue2.class);
+        }
+        return (MyValue2)U.getReference(v, V1_OFFSET);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test30")
+    public void test30_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue2 res = test30(v);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v.v1, res);
+    }
+
+    MyValue1 test31_vt;
+    private static final long TEST31_VT_OFFSET;
+    private static final boolean TEST31_VT_FLATTENED;
+    private static final int TEST31_VT_LAYOUT;
+    static {
+        try {
+            Field test31_vt_Field = TestIntrinsics.class.getDeclaredField("test31_vt");
+            TEST31_VT_OFFSET = U.objectFieldOffset(test31_vt_Field);
+            TEST31_VT_FLATTENED = U.isFlatField(test31_vt_Field);
+            TEST31_VT_LAYOUT = U.fieldLayout(test31_vt_Field);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // getValue to retrieve flattened field from object
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public MyValue1 test31() {
+        if (TEST31_VT_FLATTENED) {
+            return U.getFlatValue(this, TEST31_VT_OFFSET, TEST31_VT_LAYOUT, MyValue1.class);
+        }
+        return (MyValue1)U.getReference(this, TEST31_VT_OFFSET);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test31")
+    public void test31_verifier() {
+        test31_vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1 res = test31();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test31_vt, res);
+    }
+
+    // putValue to set flattened field in object
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public void test32(MyValue1 vt) {
+        if (TEST31_VT_FLATTENED) {
+            U.putFlatValue(this, TEST31_VT_OFFSET, TEST31_VT_LAYOUT, MyValue1.class, vt);
+        } else {
+            U.putReference(this, TEST31_VT_OFFSET, vt);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test32")
+    public void test32_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        test31_vt = MyValue1.createDefaultInline();
+        test32(vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, test31_vt);
+    }
+
+    private static final long TEST33_BASE_OFFSET;
+    private static final int TEST33_INDEX_SCALE;
+    private static final MyValue1[] TEST33_ARRAY;
+    private static final boolean TEST33_FLATTENED_ARRAY;
+    private static final int TEST33_LAYOUT;
+    static {
+        try {
+            TEST33_ARRAY = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 2, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+            TEST33_BASE_OFFSET = U.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(TEST33_ARRAY);
+            TEST33_INDEX_SCALE = U.arrayInstanceIndexScale(TEST33_ARRAY);
+            TEST33_FLATTENED_ARRAY = ValueClass.isFlatArray(TEST33_ARRAY);
+            TEST33_LAYOUT = U.arrayLayout(TEST33_ARRAY);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+    // getValue to retrieve flattened field from array
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public MyValue1 test33() {
+        if (TEST33_FLATTENED_ARRAY) {
+            return U.getFlatValue(TEST33_ARRAY, TEST33_BASE_OFFSET + TEST33_INDEX_SCALE, TEST33_LAYOUT, MyValue1.class);
+        }
+        return (MyValue1)U.getReference(TEST33_ARRAY, TEST33_BASE_OFFSET + TEST33_INDEX_SCALE);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test33")
+    public void test33_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        TEST33_ARRAY[1] = vt;
+        MyValue1 res = test33();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, res);
+    }
+
+    // putValue to set flattened field in array
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public void test34(MyValue1 vt) {
+        if (TEST33_FLATTENED_ARRAY) {
+            U.putFlatValue(TEST33_ARRAY, TEST33_BASE_OFFSET + TEST33_INDEX_SCALE, TEST33_LAYOUT, MyValue1.class, vt);
+        } else {
+            U.putReference(TEST33_ARRAY, TEST33_BASE_OFFSET + TEST33_INDEX_SCALE, vt);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test34")
+    public void test34_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        test34(vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, TEST33_ARRAY[1]);
+    }
+
+    // getValue to retrieve flattened field from object with unknown
+    // container type
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public MyValue1 test35(Object o) {
+        if (TEST31_VT_FLATTENED) {
+            return U.getFlatValue(o, TEST31_VT_OFFSET, TEST31_VT_LAYOUT, MyValue1.class);
+        }
+        return (MyValue1)U.getReference(o, TEST31_VT_OFFSET);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test35")
+    public void test35_verifier() {
+        test31_vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1 res = test35(this);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test31_vt, res);
+    }
+
+    // getValue to retrieve flattened field from object at unknown
+    // offset
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public MyValue1 test36(long offset) {
+        if (TEST31_VT_FLATTENED) {
+            return U.getFlatValue(this, offset, TEST31_VT_LAYOUT, MyValue1.class);
+        }
+        return (MyValue1)U.getReference(this, offset);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test36")
+    public void test36_verifier() {
+        test31_vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1 res = test36(TEST31_VT_OFFSET);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test31_vt, res);
+    }
+
+    // putValue to set flattened field in object with unknown
+    // container
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public void test37(Object o, MyValue1 vt) {
+        if (TEST31_VT_FLATTENED) {
+            U.putFlatValue(o, TEST31_VT_OFFSET, TEST31_VT_LAYOUT, MyValue1.class, vt);
+        } else {
+            U.putReference(o, TEST31_VT_OFFSET, vt);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test37")
+    public void test37_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        test31_vt = MyValue1.createDefaultInline();
+        test37(this, vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, test31_vt);
+    }
+
+    // putValue to set flattened field in object, non inline argument
+    // to store
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public void test38(Object o) {
+        if (TEST31_VT_FLATTENED) {
+            U.putFlatValue(this, TEST31_VT_OFFSET, TEST31_VT_LAYOUT, MyValue1.class, o);
+        } else {
+            U.putReference(this, TEST31_VT_OFFSET, o);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test38")
+    public void test38_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        test31_vt = MyValue1.createDefaultInline();
+        test38(vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, test31_vt);
+    }
+
+    // Test value class array creation via reflection
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test40(Class<?> componentType, int len) {
+        Object[] va = (Object[])Array.newInstance(componentType, len);
+        return va;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test40")
+    public void test40_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 42;
+        Object[] va = test40(MyValue1.class, len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i], null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Class.isInstance
+    @Test
+    public boolean test41(Class c, MyValue1 vt) {
+        return c.isInstance(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test41")
+    public void test41_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        boolean result = test41(MyValue1.class, vt);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(result);
+        result = test41(MyValue1.class, null);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(result);
+        result = test41(MyValue1.class, vt);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(result);
+        result = test41(MyValue1.class, null);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public boolean test42(Class c, MyValue1 vt) {
+        return c.isInstance(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test42")
+    public void test42_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        boolean result = test42(MyValue2.class, vt);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(result);
+        result = test42(MyValue2.class, null);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(result);
+        result = test42(MyValue2.class, vt);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(result);
+        result = test42(MyValue2.class, null);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(result);
+    }
+
+    // Class.cast
+    @Test
+    public Object test43(Class c, MyValue1 vt) {
+        return c.cast(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test43")
+    public void test43_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        Object result = test43(MyValue1.class, vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, vt);
+        result = test43(MyValue1.class, null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, null);
+        result = test43(MyValue1.class, vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, vt);
+        result = test43(NonValueClass.class, null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, null);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object test44(Class c, MyValue1 vt) {
+        return c.cast(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test44")
+    public void test44_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        try {
+            test44(MyValue2.class, vt);
+            throw new RuntimeException("should have thrown");
+        } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
+        }
+        Object res = test44(MyValue2.class, null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, null);
+        try {
+            test44(MyValue2.class, vt);
+            throw new RuntimeException("should have thrown");
+        } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object test45(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return MyValue1.class.cast(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test45")
+    public void test45_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        Object result = test45(vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, result);
+        result = test45(null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(null, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object test46(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return MyValue2.class.cast(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test46")
+    public void test46_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        Object result = test46(null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, null);
+        try {
+            test46(vt);
+            throw new RuntimeException("should have thrown");
+        } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object test47(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return MyValue1.class.cast(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test47")
+    public void test47_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        Object result = test47(vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, result);
+        result = test47(null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(null, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object test48(Class c, MyValue1 vt) {
+        return c.cast(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test48")
+    public void test48_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        Object result = test48(MyValue1.class, vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, result);
+        result = test48(MyValue1.class, null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(null, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object test49(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return MyValue1.class.cast(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test49")
+    public void test49_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        Object result = test49(vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object test50(Class c, Object obj) {
+        return c.cast(obj);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test50")
+    public void test50_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1[] va  = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 42, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] vba = new MyValue1[42];
+        Object result = test50(MyValue1.class, vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, result);
+        result = test50(MyValue1.class, vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, result);
+        result = test50(MyValue1[].class, va);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(va, result);
+        result = test50(MyValue1[].class, vba);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vba, result);
+        result = test50(MyValue1[].class, va);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(va, result);
+        result = test50(MyValue1.class, null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(null, result);
+        result = test50(va.getClass(), vba);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vba, result);
+    }
+
+    // Value class array creation via reflection
+    @Test
+    public void test51(int len) {
+        Object[] va = (Object[])Array.newInstance(MyValue1.class, len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i], null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test51")
+    public void test51_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 42;
+        test51(len);
+    }
+
+    // multidimensional value class array creation via reflection
+    @Test
+    public Object[][] test52(int len, int val) {
+        MyValue1[][] va1 = (MyValue1[][])Array.newInstance(MyValue1[].class, len);
+        MyValue1[][] va2 = (MyValue1[][])Array.newInstance(MyValue1[].class, len);
+        Object[][] result;
+        if (val == 1) {
+            va1[0] = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+            result = va1;
+        } else {
+            va2[0] = new MyValue1[1];
+            result = va2;
+        }
+        if (val == 1) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va1[0][0].hash(), ((MyValue1)result[0][0]).hash());
+        } else {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result[0][0], null);
+            result[0][0] = null;
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test52")
+    public void test52_verifier() {
+        test52(1, 1);
+        test52(1, 2);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[][] test53(Class<?> c1, Class<?> c2, int len, int val) {
+        MyValue1[][] va1 = (MyValue1[][])Array.newInstance(MyValue1[].class, len);
+        MyValue1[][] va2 = (MyValue1[][])Array.newInstance(MyValue1[].class, len);
+        Object[][] va3 = (Object[][])Array.newInstance(c1, len);
+        Object[][] va4 = (Object[][])Array.newInstance(c2, len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va1[i], null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va2[i], null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va3[i], null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va4[i], null);
+            va1[i] = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+            va2[i] = new MyValue1[1];
+            va3[i] = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+            va4[i] = new MyValue1[1];
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va1[i][0].hash(), ((MyValue1)va3[i][0]).hash());
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va2[i][0], null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va4[i][0], null);
+        }
+        Object[][] result;
+        if (val == 1) {
+            result = va1;
+        } else if (val == 2) {
+            result = va2;
+        } else if (val == 3) {
+            result = va3;
+        } else {
+            result = va4;
+        }
+        if ((val == 1 || val == 3) && len > 0) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va1[0][0].hash(), ((MyValue1)result[0][0]).hash());
+        } else if (len > 0) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result[0][0], null);
+            result[0][0] = null;
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test53")
+    public void test53_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 42;
+        test53(MyValue1[].class, MyValue1[].class, len, 1);
+        test53(MyValue1[].class, MyValue1[].class, len, 2);
+        test53(MyValue1[].class, MyValue1[].class, len, 3);
+        test53(MyValue1[].class, MyValue1[].class, len, 4);
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    static final MyValue1 test55_vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+
+    // Same as test30 but with constant field holder
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public MyValue2 test55() {
+        if (V1_FLATTENED) {
+            return U.getFlatValue(test55_vt, V1_OFFSET, V1_LAYOUT, MyValue2.class);
+        }
+        return (MyValue2)U.getReference(test55_vt, V1_OFFSET);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test55")
+    public void test55_verifier() {
+        MyValue2 res = test55();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test55_vt.v1, res);
+    }
+
+    // Test OptimizePtrCompare part of Escape Analysis
+    @Test
+    public void test56(int idx) {
+        Object[] va = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        if (va[idx] == null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected null");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test56")
+    public void test56_verifier() {
+        test56(0);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test56 but with load from known array index
+    @Test
+    public void test57() {
+        Object[] va = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        if (va[0] == null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected null");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test57")
+    public void test57_verifier() {
+        test57();
+    }
+
+    // Use a value class without strict fields for Unsafe allocation in below tests
+    // because without the constructor, these fields won't be initialized with is illegal.
+    static value class ValueWithNoStrictFields1 {
+        int x = rI;
+    }
+
+    static value class ValueWithNoStrictFields2 {
+        long x = rL;
+    }
+
+    // Test unsafe allocation
+    @Test
+    public boolean test58(Class<?> c1, Class<?> c2) throws Exception {
+        Object obj1 = U.allocateInstance(c1);
+        Object obj2 = U.allocateInstance(c2);
+        return obj1 == obj2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test58")
+    public void test58_verifier() throws Exception {
+        boolean res = test58(ValueWithNoStrictFields1.class, ValueWithNoStrictFields1.class);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(res);
+        res = test58(Object.class, ValueWithNoStrictFields1.class);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(res);
+        res = test58(ValueWithNoStrictFields1.class, Object.class);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(res);
+    }
+
+    // Test synchronization on unsafe value object allocation
+    @Test
+    public void test59(Class<?> c) throws Exception {
+        Object obj = U.allocateInstance(c);
+        synchronized (obj) {
+
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test59")
+    public void test59_verifier() throws Exception {
+        test59(Object.class);
+        try {
+            test59(ValueWithNoStrictFields1.class);
+            throw new RuntimeException("test59 failed: synchronization on value object should not succeed");
+        } catch (IdentityException e) {
+
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test mark word load optimization on unsafe value object allocation
+    @Test
+    public boolean test60(Class<?> c1, Class<?> c2, boolean b1, boolean b2) throws Exception {
+        Object obj1 = b1 ? new Object() : U.allocateInstance(c1);
+        Object obj2 = b2 ? new Object() : U.allocateInstance(c2);
+        return obj1 == obj2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test60")
+    public void test60_verifier() throws Exception {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test60(ValueWithNoStrictFields1.class, ValueWithNoStrictFields1.class, false, false));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test60(ValueWithNoStrictFields1.class, ValueWithNoStrictFields2.class, false, false));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test60(ValueWithNoStrictFields1.class, ValueWithNoStrictFields1.class, false, true));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test60(ValueWithNoStrictFields1.class, ValueWithNoStrictFields1.class, true, false));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test60(ValueWithNoStrictFields1.class, ValueWithNoStrictFields1.class, true, true));
+    }
+
+    static public value class SmallValue {
+        byte a;
+        byte b;
+        static final SmallValue DEFAULT = createDefaultInline();
+        SmallValue(byte a, byte b) {
+            this.a = a;
+            this.b = b;
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        static SmallValue createDefaultInline() {
+            return new SmallValue((byte)0, (byte)0);
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        static SmallValue createWithFieldsInline(int x, long y) {
+            return new SmallValue((byte)x, (byte)y);
+        }
+    }
+
+    SmallValue test63_vt;
+    private static final long TEST63_VT_OFFSET;
+    private static final boolean TEST63_VT_FLATTENED;
+    private static final int TEST63_VT_LAYOUT;
+    static {
+        try {
+            Field test63_vt_Field = TestIntrinsics.class.getDeclaredField("test63_vt");
+            TEST63_VT_OFFSET = U.objectFieldOffset(test63_vt_Field);
+            TEST63_VT_FLATTENED = U.isFlatField(test63_vt_Field);
+            TEST63_VT_LAYOUT = U.fieldLayout(test63_vt_Field);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // compareAndSet to flattened field in object
+    @Test
+    public boolean test63(SmallValue oldVal, SmallValue newVal) {
+        if (TEST63_VT_FLATTENED) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(Flags.UseFieldFlattening && Flags.PreloadClasses);
+            return U.compareAndSetFlatValue(this, TEST63_VT_OFFSET, TEST63_VT_LAYOUT, SmallValue.class, oldVal, newVal);
+        } else {
+            Asserts.assertFalse(Flags.UseFieldFlattening && Flags.PreloadClasses);
+            return U.compareAndSetReference(this, TEST63_VT_OFFSET, oldVal, newVal);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test63")
+    public void test63_verifier() {
+        // Unsafe::compareAndSetFlatValue needs UseArrayFlattening.
+        if (Flags.UseFieldFlattening && !Flags.UseArrayFlattening) return;
+        SmallValue vt = SmallValue.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        test63_vt = SmallValue.createDefaultInline();
+
+        boolean res = test63(test63_vt, vt);
+        // Checks are disabled for non-flattened field because reference comparison
+        // fails if C2 scalarizes and re-allocates the value class arguments.
+        if (TEST63_VT_FLATTENED) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(res);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test63_vt, vt);
+        }
+
+        res = test63(SmallValue.createDefaultInline(), SmallValue.createDefaultInline());
+        if (TEST63_VT_FLATTENED) {
+            Asserts.assertFalse(res);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test63_vt, vt);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final long TEST64_BASE_OFFSET;
+    private static final int TEST64_INDEX_SCALE;
+    private static final SmallValue[] TEST64_ARRAY;
+    private static final boolean TEST64_FLATTENED_ARRAY;
+    private static final boolean TEST64_ATOMIC_ARRAY;
+    private static final int TEST64_LAYOUT;
+    static {
+        try {
+            TEST64_ARRAY = (SmallValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, 2, SmallValue.DEFAULT);
+            TEST64_BASE_OFFSET = U.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(TEST64_ARRAY);
+            TEST64_INDEX_SCALE = U.arrayInstanceIndexScale(TEST64_ARRAY);
+            TEST64_FLATTENED_ARRAY = ValueClass.isFlatArray(TEST64_ARRAY);
+            TEST64_ATOMIC_ARRAY = ValueClass.isAtomicArray(TEST64_ARRAY);
+            TEST64_LAYOUT = U.arrayLayout(TEST64_ARRAY);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // compareAndSet to flattened field in array
+    @Test
+    public boolean test64(SmallValue[] arr, SmallValue oldVal, SmallValue newVal) {
+        if (TEST64_FLATTENED_ARRAY) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(Flags.UseArrayFlattening);
+            return U.compareAndSetFlatValue(arr, TEST64_BASE_OFFSET + TEST64_INDEX_SCALE, TEST64_LAYOUT, SmallValue.class, oldVal, newVal);
+        } else {
+            Asserts.assertFalse(Flags.UseArrayFlattening);
+            return U.compareAndSetReference(arr, TEST64_BASE_OFFSET + TEST64_INDEX_SCALE, oldVal, newVal);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test64")
+    public void test64_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(TEST64_ATOMIC_ARRAY);
+        SmallValue[] arr = (SmallValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, 2, SmallValue.DEFAULT);
+        SmallValue vt = SmallValue.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+
+        boolean res = test64(arr, arr[1], vt);
+        // Checks are disabled for non-flattened array because reference comparison
+        // fails if C2 scalarizes and re-allocates the value class arguments.
+        if (TEST64_FLATTENED_ARRAY) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(res);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(arr[1], vt);
+        }
+
+        res = test64(arr, SmallValue.createDefaultInline(), SmallValue.createDefaultInline());
+        if (TEST64_FLATTENED_ARRAY) {
+            Asserts.assertFalse(res);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(arr[1], vt);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // compareAndSet to flattened field in object with unknown container
+    @Test
+    public boolean test65(Object o, Object oldVal, SmallValue newVal) {
+        if (TEST63_VT_FLATTENED) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(Flags.UseFieldFlattening && Flags.PreloadClasses);
+            return U.compareAndSetFlatValue(o, TEST63_VT_OFFSET, TEST63_VT_LAYOUT, SmallValue.class, oldVal, newVal);
+        } else {
+            Asserts.assertFalse(Flags.UseFieldFlattening && Flags.PreloadClasses);
+            return U.compareAndSetReference(o, TEST63_VT_OFFSET, oldVal, newVal);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test65")
+    public void test65_verifier() {
+        // Unsafe::compareAndSetFlatValue needs UseArrayFlattening.
+        if (Flags.UseFieldFlattening && !Flags.UseArrayFlattening) return;
+        SmallValue vt = SmallValue.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        test63_vt = SmallValue.createDefaultInline();
+
+        boolean res = test65(this, test63_vt, vt);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(res);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test63_vt, vt);
+
+        res = test65(this, SmallValue.createDefaultInline(), SmallValue.createDefaultInline());
+        Asserts.assertFalse(res);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test63_vt, vt);
+    }
+
+    // compareAndSet to flattened field in object, non-inline arguments to compare and set
+    @Test
+    public boolean test66(Object oldVal, Object newVal) {
+        if (TEST63_VT_FLATTENED) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(Flags.UseFieldFlattening && Flags.PreloadClasses);
+            return U.compareAndSetFlatValue(this, TEST63_VT_OFFSET, TEST63_VT_LAYOUT, SmallValue.class, oldVal, newVal);
+        } else {
+            Asserts.assertFalse(Flags.UseFieldFlattening && Flags.PreloadClasses);
+            return U.compareAndSetReference(this, TEST63_VT_OFFSET, oldVal, newVal);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test66")
+    public void test66_verifier() {
+        // Unsafe::compareAndSetFlatValue needs UseArrayFlattening.
+        if (Flags.UseFieldFlattening && !Flags.UseArrayFlattening) return;
+        SmallValue vt = SmallValue.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        test63_vt = SmallValue.createDefaultInline();
+
+        boolean res = test66(test63_vt, vt);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(res);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test63_vt, vt);
+
+        res = test66(SmallValue.createDefaultInline(), SmallValue.createDefaultInline());
+        Asserts.assertFalse(res);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test63_vt, vt);
+    }
+
+    // compareAndExchange to flattened field in object
+    @Test
+    public Object test67(SmallValue oldVal, SmallValue newVal) {
+        if (TEST63_VT_FLATTENED) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(Flags.UseFieldFlattening && Flags.PreloadClasses);
+            return U.compareAndExchangeFlatValue(this, TEST63_VT_OFFSET, TEST63_VT_LAYOUT, SmallValue.class, oldVal, newVal);
+        } else {
+            Asserts.assertFalse(Flags.UseFieldFlattening && Flags.PreloadClasses);
+            return U.compareAndExchangeReference(this, TEST63_VT_OFFSET, oldVal, newVal);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test67")
+    public void test67_verifier() {
+        // Unsafe::compareAndExchangeFlatValue needs UseArrayFlattening.
+        if (Flags.UseFieldFlattening && !Flags.UseArrayFlattening) return;
+        SmallValue vt = SmallValue.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        SmallValue oldVal = SmallValue.createDefaultInline();
+        test63_vt = oldVal;
+
+        Object res = test67(test63_vt, vt);
+        // Checks are disabled for non-flattened field because reference comparison
+        // fails if C2 scalarizes and re-allocates the value class arguments.
+        if (TEST63_VT_FLATTENED) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(res, oldVal);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test63_vt, vt);
+        }
+
+        res = test67(SmallValue.createDefaultInline(), SmallValue.createDefaultInline());
+        if (TEST63_VT_FLATTENED) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(res, vt);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test63_vt, vt);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // compareAndExchange to flattened field in array
+    @Test
+    public Object test68(SmallValue[] arr, SmallValue oldVal, Object newVal) {
+        if (TEST64_FLATTENED_ARRAY) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(Flags.UseArrayFlattening);
+            return U.compareAndExchangeFlatValue(arr, TEST64_BASE_OFFSET + TEST64_INDEX_SCALE, TEST64_LAYOUT, SmallValue.class, oldVal, newVal);
+        } else {
+            Asserts.assertFalse(Flags.UseArrayFlattening);
+            return U.compareAndExchangeReference(arr, TEST64_BASE_OFFSET + TEST64_INDEX_SCALE, oldVal, newVal);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test68")
+    public void test68_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(TEST64_ATOMIC_ARRAY);
+        SmallValue[] arr = (SmallValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, 2, SmallValue.DEFAULT);
+        SmallValue vt = SmallValue.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+
+        Object res = test68(arr, arr[1], vt);
+        // Checks are disabled for non-flattened array because reference comparison
+        // fails if C2 scalarizes and re-allocates the value class arguments.
+        if (TEST64_FLATTENED_ARRAY) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(res, SmallValue.createDefaultInline());
+            Asserts.assertEQ(arr[1], vt);
+        }
+
+        res = test68(arr, SmallValue.createDefaultInline(), SmallValue.createDefaultInline());
+        if (TEST64_FLATTENED_ARRAY) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(res, vt);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(arr[1], vt);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // compareAndExchange to flattened field in object with unknown container
+    @Test
+    public Object test69(Object o, Object oldVal, SmallValue newVal) {
+        if (TEST63_VT_FLATTENED) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(Flags.UseFieldFlattening && Flags.PreloadClasses);
+            return U.compareAndExchangeFlatValue(o, TEST63_VT_OFFSET, TEST63_VT_LAYOUT, SmallValue.class, oldVal, newVal);
+        } else {
+            Asserts.assertFalse(Flags.UseFieldFlattening && Flags.PreloadClasses);
+            return U.compareAndExchangeReference(o, TEST63_VT_OFFSET, oldVal, newVal);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test69")
+    public void test69_verifier() {
+        // Unsafe::compareAndExchangeFlatValue needs UseArrayFlattening.
+        if (Flags.UseFieldFlattening && !Flags.UseArrayFlattening) return;
+        SmallValue vt = SmallValue.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        SmallValue oldVal = SmallValue.createDefaultInline();
+        test63_vt = oldVal;
+
+        Object res = test69(this, test63_vt, vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, oldVal);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test63_vt, vt);
+
+        res = test69(this, SmallValue.createDefaultInline(), SmallValue.createDefaultInline());
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test63_vt, vt);
+    }
+
+    // compareAndExchange to flattened field in object, non-inline arguments to compare and set
+    @Test
+    public Object test70(Object oldVal, Object newVal) {
+        if (TEST63_VT_FLATTENED) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(Flags.UseFieldFlattening && Flags.PreloadClasses);
+            return U.compareAndExchangeFlatValue(this, TEST63_VT_OFFSET, TEST63_VT_LAYOUT, SmallValue.class, oldVal, newVal);
+        } else {
+            Asserts.assertFalse(Flags.UseFieldFlattening && Flags.PreloadClasses);
+            return U.compareAndExchangeReference(this, TEST63_VT_OFFSET, oldVal, newVal);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test70")
+    public void test70_verifier() {
+        // Unsafe::compareAndExchangeFlatValue needs UseArrayFlattening.
+        if (Flags.UseFieldFlattening && !Flags.UseArrayFlattening) return;
+        SmallValue vt = SmallValue.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        SmallValue oldVal = SmallValue.createDefaultInline();
+        test63_vt = oldVal;
+
+        Object res = test70(test63_vt, vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, oldVal);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test63_vt, vt);
+
+        res = test70(SmallValue.createDefaultInline(), SmallValue.createDefaultInline());
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test63_vt, vt);
+    }
+
+    // getValue to retrieve flattened field from (nullable) value class
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public MyValue2 test71(boolean b, MyValue1 v1, MyValue1 v2) {
+        if (b) {
+            if (V1_FLATTENED) {
+                return U.getFlatValue(v1, V1_OFFSET, V1_LAYOUT, MyValue2.class);
+            }
+            return (MyValue2)U.getReference(v1, V1_OFFSET);
+        } else {
+            if (V1_FLATTENED) {
+                return U.getFlatValue(v2, V1_OFFSET, V1_LAYOUT, MyValue2.class);
+            }
+            return (MyValue2)U.getReference(v2, V1_OFFSET);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test71")
+    public void test71_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test71(true, v, v), v.v1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test71(false, v, v), v.v1);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test71 but with non-constant offset
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public MyValue2 test72(boolean b, MyValue1 v1, MyValue1 v2, long offset) {
+        if (b) {
+            if (V1_FLATTENED) {
+                return U.getFlatValue(v1, offset, V1_LAYOUT, MyValue2.class);
+            }
+            return (MyValue2)U.getReference(v1, offset);
+        } else {
+            if (V1_FLATTENED) {
+                return U.getFlatValue(v2, offset, V1_LAYOUT, MyValue2.class);
+            }
+            return (MyValue2)U.getReference(v2, offset);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test72")
+    public void test72_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test72(true, v, v, V1_OFFSET), v.v1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test72(false, v, v, V1_OFFSET), v.v1);
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    static final MyValue1 test73_value1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+    static final MyValue1 test73_value2 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+
+    // Same as test72 but with constant base
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public MyValue2 test73(boolean b, long offset) {
+        if (b) {
+            if (V1_FLATTENED) {
+                return U.getFlatValue(test73_value1, offset, V1_LAYOUT, MyValue2.class);
+            }
+            return (MyValue2)U.getReference(test73_value1, offset);
+        } else {
+            if (V1_FLATTENED) {
+                return U.getFlatValue(test73_value2, offset, V1_LAYOUT, MyValue2.class);
+            }
+            return (MyValue2)U.getReference(test73_value2, offset);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test73")
+    public void test73_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test73(true, V1_OFFSET), test73_value1.v1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test73(false, V1_OFFSET), test73_value2.v1);
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class EmptyInline {
+
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class ByteInline {
+        byte x = 0;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test74(EmptyInline[] emptyArray) {
+        System.arraycopy(emptyArray, 0, emptyArray, 10, 10);
+        System.arraycopy(emptyArray, 0, emptyArray, 20, 10);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test74")
+    public void test74_verifier() {
+        EmptyInline[] emptyArray = (EmptyInline[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(EmptyInline.class, 100, new EmptyInline());
+        test74(emptyArray);
+        for (EmptyInline empty : emptyArray) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(empty, new EmptyInline());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test75(EmptyInline[] emptyArray) {
+        System.arraycopy(emptyArray, 0, emptyArray, 10, 10);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test75")
+    public void test75_verifier() {
+        EmptyInline[] emptyArray = (EmptyInline[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(EmptyInline.class, 100, new EmptyInline());
+        test75(emptyArray);
+        for (EmptyInline empty : emptyArray) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(empty, new EmptyInline());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test76(ByteInline[] byteArray) {
+        System.arraycopy(byteArray, 0, byteArray, 10, 10);
+        System.arraycopy(byteArray, 0, byteArray, 20, 10);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test76")
+    public void test76_verifier() {
+        ByteInline[] byteArray = (ByteInline[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ByteInline.class, 100, new ByteInline());
+        test76(byteArray);
+        for (ByteInline b : byteArray) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(b, new ByteInline());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test77(ByteInline[] byteArray) {
+        System.arraycopy(byteArray, 0, byteArray, 10, 10);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test77")
+    public void test77_verifier() {
+        ByteInline[] byteArray = (ByteInline[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ByteInline.class, 100, new ByteInline());
+        test77(byteArray);
+        for (ByteInline b : byteArray) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(b, new ByteInline());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object test78(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return NonValueClass.class.cast(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test78")
+    public void test78_verifier() {
+        Object result = test78(null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, null);
+        try {
+            test78(MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL));
+            throw new RuntimeException("should have thrown");
+        } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object test79(MyValue1 vt) {
+        Object tmp = vt;
+        return (NonValueClass)tmp;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test79")
+    public void test79_verifier() {
+        Object result = test79(null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, null);
+        try {
+            test79(MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL));
+            throw new RuntimeException("should have thrown");
+        } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class Test80Value1 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Test80Value2 v = new Test80Value2();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class Test80Value2 {
+        long l = rL;
+        NonValueClass obj = new NonValueClass(rI);
+    }
+
+    // layout is not a constant
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {CALL_UNSAFE, "1"})
+    public Test80Value2 test80(Test80Value1 v, boolean flat, int layout, long offset) {
+        if (flat) {
+            return U.getFlatValue(v, offset, layout, Test80Value2.class);
+        } else {
+            return (Test80Value2)U.getReference(v, offset);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test80")
+    public void test80_verifier() throws Exception {
+        Test80Value1 v = new Test80Value1();
+        Field field = Test80Value1.class.getDeclaredField("v");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test80(v, U.isFlatField(field), U.fieldLayout(field), U.objectFieldOffset(field)), v.v);
+    }
+
+    static value class SimpleValue {
+        byte x = 1;
+        byte y = 1;
+
+        static SimpleValue DEFAULT = new SimpleValue();
+    }
+
+    private static final SimpleValue[] TEST_ARRAY1 = (SimpleValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(SimpleValue.class, 1, SimpleValue.DEFAULT);
+    private static final SimpleValue[] TEST_ARRAY2 = (SimpleValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(SimpleValue.class, 1, SimpleValue.DEFAULT);
+    private static final SimpleValue[] TEST_ARRAY3 = (SimpleValue[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(SimpleValue.class, 1);
+    private static final SimpleValue[] TEST_ARRAY4 = new SimpleValue[1];
+    private static final boolean TEST_ARRAY1_IS_FLAT = ValueClass.isFlatArray(TEST_ARRAY1);
+    private static final boolean TEST_ARRAY2_IS_FLAT = ValueClass.isFlatArray(TEST_ARRAY2);
+    private static final boolean TEST_ARRAY3_IS_FLAT = ValueClass.isFlatArray(TEST_ARRAY3);
+    private static final boolean TEST_ARRAY4_IS_FLAT = ValueClass.isFlatArray(TEST_ARRAY4);
+    private static final boolean TEST_ARRAY1_IS_NULL_RESTRICTED = ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(TEST_ARRAY1);
+    private static final boolean TEST_ARRAY2_IS_NULL_RESTRICTED = ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(TEST_ARRAY2);
+    private static final boolean TEST_ARRAY3_IS_NULL_RESTRICTED = ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(TEST_ARRAY3);
+    private static final boolean TEST_ARRAY4_IS_NULL_RESTRICTED = ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(TEST_ARRAY4);
+    private static final boolean TEST_ARRAY1_IS_ATOMIC = ValueClass.isAtomicArray(TEST_ARRAY1);
+    private static final boolean TEST_ARRAY2_IS_ATOMIC = ValueClass.isAtomicArray(TEST_ARRAY2);
+    private static final boolean TEST_ARRAY3_IS_ATOMIC = ValueClass.isAtomicArray(TEST_ARRAY3);
+    private static final boolean TEST_ARRAY4_IS_ATOMIC = ValueClass.isAtomicArray(TEST_ARRAY4);
+
+    // Test correctness of the ValueClass::isFlatArray intrinsic
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "jdk.internal.value.ValueClass::isFlatArray",
+                  STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "jdk.internal.value.ValueClass::isFlatArray0"})
+    public boolean test81(Object[] array) {
+        return ValueClass.isFlatArray(array);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test81")
+    public void test81_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test81(TEST_ARRAY1), TEST_ARRAY1_IS_FLAT, "test81_1 failed");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test81(TEST_ARRAY2), TEST_ARRAY2_IS_FLAT, "test81_2 failed");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test81(TEST_ARRAY3), TEST_ARRAY3_IS_FLAT, "test81_3 failed");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test81(TEST_ARRAY4), TEST_ARRAY4_IS_FLAT, "test81_4 failed");
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test81(new String[0]), "test81_5 failed");
+    }
+
+    // Verify that ValueClass::isFlatArray checks with statically known classes are folded
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {LOAD_KLASS, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "jdk.internal.value.ValueClass::isFlatArray",
+                  STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "jdk.internal.value.ValueClass::isFlatArray0"})
+    public boolean test82() {
+        boolean check1 = ValueClass.isFlatArray(TEST_ARRAY1);
+        if (!TEST_ARRAY1_IS_FLAT) {
+            check1 = !check1;
+        }
+        boolean check2 = ValueClass.isFlatArray(TEST_ARRAY2);
+        if (!TEST_ARRAY2_IS_FLAT) {
+            check2 = !check2;
+        }
+        boolean check3 = ValueClass.isFlatArray(TEST_ARRAY3);
+        if (!TEST_ARRAY3_IS_FLAT) {
+            check3 = !check3;
+        }
+        boolean check4 = ValueClass.isFlatArray(TEST_ARRAY4);
+        if (!TEST_ARRAY4_IS_FLAT) {
+            check4 = !check4;
+        }
+        boolean check5 = !ValueClass.isFlatArray(new String[0]);
+        return check1 && check2 && check3 && check4 && check5;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test82")
+    public void test82_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test82(), "test82 failed");
+    }
+
+    // Test that LibraryCallKit::arraycopy_move_allocation_here works as expected
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1 test83(Object[] src) {
+        MyValue1[] dst = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 10, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 10);
+        return dst[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test83")
+    public void test83_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp()) {
+            MyValue1[] src = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 10, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test83(src), src[0]);
+        } else {
+            // Trigger deoptimization to verify that re-execution works
+            try {
+                test83(new NonValueClass[10]);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No NullPointerException thrown");
+            } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValueClonable implements Cloneable {
+        int x;
+
+        MyValueClonable(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
+            return super.clone();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.ALLOC, "1"})
+    public Object testClone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
+        MyValueClonable obj = new MyValueClonable(3);
+        return obj.clone();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testClone")
+    public void testClone_verifier() {
+        try {
+            testClone();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            Asserts.fail("testClone() failed", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class AbstractValueCloneable implements Cloneable {
+        @Override
+        public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
+            return super.clone();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class ValueCloneable extends AbstractValueCloneable {
+        int x;
+
+        ValueCloneable(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class RefCloneable extends AbstractValueCloneable {
+        int x;
+
+        RefCloneable(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object testCloneAbstract(AbstractValueCloneable o) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
+        return o.clone();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testCloneAbstract")
+    public void testCloneAbstract_verifier() {
+        ValueCloneable val = new ValueCloneable(3);
+        RefCloneable ref = new RefCloneable(3);
+        try {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testCloneAbstract(val), val);
+            RefCloneable res = (RefCloneable)testCloneAbstract(ref);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(res.x, ref.x);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            Asserts.fail("testCloneAbstract() failed", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object testCloneAbstractVal() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
+        ValueCloneable val = new ValueCloneable(3);
+        RefCloneable ref = new RefCloneable(4);
+        int a = 50;
+        int b = 0;
+        do {
+            a--;
+            b++;
+        } while (a > 0);
+        // b == 50 known after first loop opts pass -> take val.
+        AbstractValueCloneable o = b == 50 ? val : ref;
+        return o.clone();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testCloneAbstractVal")
+    @Warmup(1)
+    public void testCloneAbstractVal_verifier() {
+        try {
+            ValueCloneable res = (ValueCloneable)testCloneAbstractVal();
+            Asserts.assertEQ(res, new ValueCloneable(3));
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            Asserts.fail("testCloneAbstractVal() failed", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object testCloneAbstractRef() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
+        ValueCloneable val = new ValueCloneable(3);
+        RefCloneable ref = new RefCloneable(4);
+        int a = 50;
+        int b = 0;
+        do {
+            a--;
+            b++;
+        } while (a > 0);
+        // b == 50 known after first loop opts pass -> take ref.
+        AbstractValueCloneable o = b == 50 ? ref : val;
+        return o.clone();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testCloneAbstractRef")
+    @Warmup(1)
+    public void testCloneAbstractRef_verifier() {
+        try {
+            RefCloneable res = (RefCloneable)testCloneAbstractRef();
+            Asserts.assertEQ(res.x, 4);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            Asserts.fail("testCloneAbstractRef() failed", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValueNotCloneable {
+        int x;
+
+        MyValueNotCloneable(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
+            return super.clone();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object testCloneNotCloneable() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
+        MyValueNotCloneable obj = new MyValueNotCloneable(3);
+        // Throws CloneNotSupportedException because MyValueNotCloneable does not implement Cloneable.
+        return obj.clone();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testCloneNotCloneable")
+    public void testCloneNotCloneable_verifier() {
+        try {
+            testCloneNotCloneable();
+            Asserts.fail("should throw");
+        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
+            // Expected.
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test correctness of the ValueClass::isNullRestrictedArray intrinsic
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "jdk.internal.value.ValueClass::isNullRestrictedArray",
+                  STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "jdk.internal.value.ValueClass::isNullRestrictedArray0"})
+    public boolean test85(Object[] array) {
+        return ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(array);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test85")
+    public void test85_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test85(TEST_ARRAY1), TEST_ARRAY1_IS_NULL_RESTRICTED, "test85_1 failed");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test85(TEST_ARRAY2), TEST_ARRAY2_IS_NULL_RESTRICTED, "test85_2 failed");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test85(TEST_ARRAY3), TEST_ARRAY3_IS_NULL_RESTRICTED, "test85_3 failed");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test85(TEST_ARRAY4), TEST_ARRAY4_IS_NULL_RESTRICTED, "test85_4 failed");
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test85(new String[0]), "test85_5 failed");
+    }
+
+    // Verify that ValueClass::isNullRestrictedArray checks with statically known classes are folded
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {LOAD_KLASS, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "jdk.internal.value.ValueClass::isNullRestrictedArray",
+                  STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "jdk.internal.value.ValueClass::isNullRestrictedArray0"})
+    public boolean test86() {
+        boolean check1 = ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(TEST_ARRAY1);
+        if (!TEST_ARRAY1_IS_NULL_RESTRICTED) {
+            check1 = !check1;
+        }
+        boolean check2 = ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(TEST_ARRAY2);
+        if (!TEST_ARRAY2_IS_NULL_RESTRICTED) {
+            check2 = !check2;
+        }
+        boolean check3 = ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(TEST_ARRAY3);
+        if (!TEST_ARRAY3_IS_NULL_RESTRICTED) {
+            check3 = !check3;
+        }
+        boolean check4 = ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(TEST_ARRAY4);
+        if (!TEST_ARRAY4_IS_NULL_RESTRICTED) {
+            check4 = !check4;
+        }
+        boolean check5 = !ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(new String[0]);
+        return check1 && check2 && check3 && check4 && check5;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test86")
+    public void test86_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test86(), "test86 failed");
+    }
+
+    // Test correctness of the ValueClass::isAtomicArray intrinsic
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8350865 Implemented intrinsic
+    // @IR(failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "jdk.internal.value.ValueClass::isAtomicArray",
+    //               STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "jdk.internal.value.ValueClass::isAtomicArray0"})
+    public boolean test87(Object[] array) {
+        return ValueClass.isAtomicArray(array);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test87")
+    public void test87_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test87(TEST_ARRAY1), TEST_ARRAY1_IS_ATOMIC, "test87_1 failed");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test87(TEST_ARRAY2), TEST_ARRAY2_IS_ATOMIC, "test87_2 failed");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test87(TEST_ARRAY3), TEST_ARRAY3_IS_ATOMIC, "test87_3 failed");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test87(TEST_ARRAY4), TEST_ARRAY4_IS_ATOMIC, "test87_4 failed");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test87(new String[0]), "test87_5 failed");
+    }
+
+    // Verify that ValueClass::isAtomicArray checks with statically known classes are folded
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8350865 Implemented intrinsic
+    // @IR(failOn = {LOAD_KLASS, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "jdk.internal.value.ValueClass::isAtomicArray",
+    //               STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "jdk.internal.value.ValueClass::isAtomicArray0"})
+    public boolean test88() {
+        boolean check1 = ValueClass.isAtomicArray(TEST_ARRAY1);
+        if (!TEST_ARRAY1_IS_ATOMIC) {
+            check1 = !check1;
+        }
+        boolean check2 = ValueClass.isAtomicArray(TEST_ARRAY2);
+        if (!TEST_ARRAY2_IS_ATOMIC) {
+            check2 = !check2;
+        }
+        boolean check3 = ValueClass.isAtomicArray(TEST_ARRAY3);
+        if (!TEST_ARRAY3_IS_ATOMIC) {
+            check3 = !check3;
+        }
+        boolean check4 = ValueClass.isAtomicArray(TEST_ARRAY4);
+        if (!TEST_ARRAY4_IS_ATOMIC) {
+            check4 = !check4;
+        }
+        boolean check5 = ValueClass.isAtomicArray(new String[0]);
+        return check1 && check2 && check3 && check4 && check5;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test88")
+    public void test88_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test88(), "test88 failed");
+    }
+
+    private static final long BASE_OFF1 = U.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(TEST_ARRAY1);
+    private static final long BASE_OFF2 = U.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(TEST_ARRAY2);
+    private static final long BASE_OFF3 = U.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(TEST_ARRAY3);
+    private static final long BASE_OFF4 = U.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(TEST_ARRAY4);
+    private static final long BASE_OFF5 = U.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(new Object[1]);
+
+    private static final int IDX_SCALE1 = U.arrayInstanceIndexScale(TEST_ARRAY1);
+    private static final int IDX_SCALE2 = U.arrayInstanceIndexScale(TEST_ARRAY2);
+    private static final int IDX_SCALE3 = U.arrayInstanceIndexScale(TEST_ARRAY3);
+    private static final int IDX_SCALE4 = U.arrayInstanceIndexScale(TEST_ARRAY4);
+    private static final int IDX_SCALE5 = U.arrayInstanceIndexScale(new Object[1]);
+
+    private static final int LAYOUT1 = U.arrayLayout(TEST_ARRAY1);
+    private static final int LAYOUT2 = U.arrayLayout(TEST_ARRAY2);
+    private static final int LAYOUT3 = U.arrayLayout(TEST_ARRAY3);
+    private static final int LAYOUT4 = U.arrayLayout(TEST_ARRAY4);
+    private static final int LAYOUT5 = U.arrayLayout(new Object[1]);
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public long test89(Object[] array) {
+        return U.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test89")
+    public void test89_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test89(TEST_ARRAY1), BASE_OFF1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test89(TEST_ARRAY2), BASE_OFF2);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test89(TEST_ARRAY3), BASE_OFF3);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test89(TEST_ARRAY4), BASE_OFF4);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test89(new Object[1]), BASE_OFF5);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE, LOAD_KLASS, LOAD})
+    public long test90() {
+        return U.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(TEST_ARRAY1);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test90")
+    public void test90_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test90(), BASE_OFF1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public int test91(Object[] array) {
+        return U.arrayInstanceIndexScale(array);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test91")
+    public void test91_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test91(TEST_ARRAY1), IDX_SCALE1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test91(TEST_ARRAY2), IDX_SCALE2);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test91(TEST_ARRAY3), IDX_SCALE3);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test91(TEST_ARRAY4), IDX_SCALE4);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test91(new Object[1]), IDX_SCALE5);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE, LOAD_KLASS, LOAD})
+    public int test92() {
+        return U.arrayInstanceIndexScale(TEST_ARRAY1);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test92")
+    public void test92_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test92(), IDX_SCALE1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public int test93(Object[] array) {
+        return U.arrayLayout(array);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test93")
+    public void test93_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test93(TEST_ARRAY1), LAYOUT1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test93(TEST_ARRAY2), LAYOUT2);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test93(TEST_ARRAY3), LAYOUT3);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test93(TEST_ARRAY4), LAYOUT4);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test93(new Object[1]), LAYOUT5);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE, LOAD_KLASS, LOAD})
+    public int test94() {
+        return U.arrayLayout(TEST_ARRAY1);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test94")
+    public void test94_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test94(), LAYOUT1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE, LOAD_KLASS, LOAD})
+    public int test95() {
+        int res = 0;
+        int[] map = U.getFieldMap(MyValue1.class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < map.length; i++) {
+            res += map[1];
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    static int test95ExpectedResult = -1;
+
+    @Run(test = "test95")
+    public void test95_verifier() {
+        if (test95ExpectedResult == -1) {
+            test95ExpectedResult = test95();
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test95(), test95ExpectedResult);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public int test96(Object obj) {
+        int res = 0;
+        int[] map = U.getFieldMap(obj.getClass());
+        for (int i = 0; i < map.length; i++) {
+            res += map[1];
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    static int test96ExpectedResult = -1;
+
+    @Run(test = "test96")
+    public void test96_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (test96ExpectedResult == -1) {
+            test96ExpectedResult = test96(v);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test96(v), test96ExpectedResult);
+    }
+
+    static class Empty {
+    }
+
+    static Object[] oEmptyArr = new Empty[100];
+    static Empty emptyFld = new Empty();
+    static int iFld;
+
+    @Test
+    static Object testClassCast() {
+        Object[] o = oEmptyArr;
+        Object o2 = emptyFld.getClass().cast(o[2]);
+        iFld = o.length;
+
+        // Will assert earlier when building the loop tree. Otherwise, we will only fail in matching without this line.
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {}
+
+        return o;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testClassCast")
+    static void testClassCast_verifier() {
+        testClassCast();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIsInstance.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIsInstance.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e5d30dbddfc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIsInstance.java
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test correctness of the isInstance intrinsic with deep class hierarchies.
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestIsInstance
+ */
+
+public class TestIsInstance {
+    static interface MyInterface {
+    }
+
+    static class MyClass0 implements MyInterface {
+    }
+
+    static class MyClass1 extends MyClass0 {
+    }
+
+    static class MyClass2 extends MyClass1 {
+    }
+
+    static class MyClass3 extends MyClass2 {
+    }
+
+    static class MyClass4 extends MyClass3 {
+    }
+
+    static class MyClass5 extends MyClass4 {
+    }
+
+    static class MyClass6 extends MyClass5 {
+    }
+
+    static class MyClass7 extends MyClass6 {
+    }
+
+    static class MyClass8 extends MyClass7 {
+    }
+
+    static class MyClass9 extends MyClass8 {
+    }
+
+    static class MyClass10 extends MyClass9 {
+    }
+
+    public static void check(Object obj, Class<?> clazz, boolean expected) {
+        if (expected != clazz.isInstance(obj)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected result: " + clazz + ".isInstance(" + obj.getClass() + ") should return " + expected);
+        }
+        // Also try a cast
+        try {
+            clazz.cast(obj);
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            if (expected) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected ClassCastException", e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Class<?>[] classes = new Class<?>[] {
+            Object.class, MyInterface.class, MyClass0.class, MyClass1.class, MyClass2.class, MyClass3.class, MyClass4.class,
+            MyClass5.class, MyClass6.class, MyClass7.class, MyClass8.class, MyClass9.class, MyClass10.class, Integer.class };
+
+        Class<?>[] arrayClasses = new Class<?>[] {
+            java.lang.Cloneable.class, java.io.Serializable.class, Object.class, Object[].class,
+            MyInterface[].class, MyClass0[].class, MyClass1[].class, MyClass2[].class, MyClass3[].class, MyClass4[].class,
+            MyClass5[].class, MyClass6[].class, MyClass7[].class, MyClass8[].class, MyClass9[].class, MyClass10[].class, Integer[].class };
+
+        Class<?>[] multiDimArrayClasses = new Class<?>[] {
+            java.lang.Cloneable.class, java.lang.Cloneable[].class, java.io.Serializable.class, java.io.Serializable[].class, Object.class, Object[].class, Object[].class,
+            MyInterface[][].class, MyClass0[][].class, MyClass1[][].class, MyClass2[][].class, MyClass3[][].class, MyClass4[][].class,
+            MyClass5[][].class, MyClass6[][].class, MyClass7[][].class, MyClass8[][].class, MyClass9[][].class, MyClass10[][].class, Integer[][].class };
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < classes.length; ++j) {
+                check(new MyClass0(), classes[j], j <= 2);
+                check(new MyClass1(), classes[j], j <= 3);
+                check(new MyClass2(), classes[j], j <= 4);
+                check(new MyClass3(), classes[j], j <= 5);
+                check(new MyClass4(), classes[j], j <= 6);
+                check(new MyClass5(), classes[j], j <= 7);
+                check(new MyClass6(), classes[j], j <= 8);
+                check(new MyClass7(), classes[j], j <= 9);
+                check(new MyClass8(), classes[j], j <= 10);
+                check(new MyClass9(), classes[j], j <= 11);
+                check(new MyClass10(), classes[j], j <= 12);
+
+                check(new MyInterface[0], arrayClasses[j], j <= 4);
+                check(new MyClass0[0], arrayClasses[j], j <= 5);
+                check(new MyClass1[0], arrayClasses[j], j <= 6);
+                check(new MyClass2[0], arrayClasses[j], j <= 7);
+                check(new MyClass3[0], arrayClasses[j], j <= 8);
+                check(new MyClass4[0], arrayClasses[j], j <= 9);
+                check(new MyClass5[0], arrayClasses[j], j <= 10);
+                check(new MyClass6[0], arrayClasses[j], j <= 11);
+                check(new MyClass7[0], arrayClasses[j], j <= 12);
+                check(new MyClass8[0], arrayClasses[j], j <= 13);
+                check(new MyClass9[0], arrayClasses[j], j <= 14);
+                check(new MyClass10[0], arrayClasses[j], j <= 15);
+
+                check(new MyInterface[0][0], multiDimArrayClasses[j], j <= 7);
+                check(new MyClass0[0][0], multiDimArrayClasses[j], j <= 8);
+                check(new MyClass1[0][0], multiDimArrayClasses[j], j <= 9);
+                check(new MyClass2[0][0], multiDimArrayClasses[j], j <= 10);
+                check(new MyClass3[0][0], multiDimArrayClasses[j], j <= 11);
+                check(new MyClass4[0][0], multiDimArrayClasses[j], j <= 12);
+                check(new MyClass5[0][0], multiDimArrayClasses[j], j <= 13);
+                check(new MyClass6[0][0], multiDimArrayClasses[j], j <= 14);
+                check(new MyClass7[0][0], multiDimArrayClasses[j], j <= 15);
+                check(new MyClass8[0][0], multiDimArrayClasses[j], j <= 16);
+                check(new MyClass9[0][0], multiDimArrayClasses[j], j <= 17);
+                check(new MyClass10[0][0], multiDimArrayClasses[j], j <= 18);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIsSubstitutableReresolution.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIsSubstitutableReresolution.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f646fe231b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIsSubstitutableReresolution.java
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8234108
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib
+ * @summary Verify that call reresolution works for C2 compiled calls to java.lang.runtime.ValueObjectMethods::isSubstitutable0.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestIsSubstitutableReresolution::test
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestIsSubstitutableReresolution
+ */
+
+value class MyValueIsSubstReresolution {
+    int x;
+
+    public MyValueIsSubstReresolution(int x) {
+        this.x = x;
+    }
+}
+
+public class TestIsSubstitutableReresolution {
+
+    static boolean test(Object obj) {
+        MyValueIsSubstReresolution vt = new MyValueIsSubstReresolution(42);
+        return vt == obj;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        MyValueIsSubstReresolution vt1 = new MyValueIsSubstReresolution(42);
+        MyValueIsSubstReresolution vt2 = new MyValueIsSubstReresolution(43);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1_000_000; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test(vt1), true);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test(vt2), false);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestJNICalls.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestJNICalls.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c4a41f5e5d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestJNICalls.java
@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.rI;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.rL;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test calling native methods with value class arguments from compiled code.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 0
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test calling native methods with value class arguments from compiled code.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 1
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test calling native methods with value class arguments from compiled code.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 2
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test calling native methods with value class arguments from compiled code.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 3
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test calling native methods with value class arguments from compiled code.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 4
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test calling native methods with value class arguments from compiled code.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 5
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test calling native methods with value class arguments from compiled code.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 6
+ */
+
+@ForceCompileClassInitializer
+public class TestJNICalls {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Scenario[] scenarios = InlineTypes.DEFAULT_SCENARIOS;
+
+        InlineTypes.getFramework()
+                   .addScenarios(scenarios[Integer.parseInt(args[0])])
+                   .addHelperClasses(MyValue1.class)
+                   .start();
+    }
+
+    static {
+        System.loadLibrary("TestJNICalls");
+    }
+
+    public native Object testMethod1(MyValue1 o);
+    public native long testMethod2(MyValue1 o);
+
+    // Pass a value object to a native method that calls back into Java code and returns a value object
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1 test1(MyValue1 vt, boolean callback) {
+        if (!callback) {
+          return (MyValue1)testMethod1(vt);
+        } else {
+          return vt;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test1")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure native method is compiled
+    public void test1_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1 result = test1(vt, false);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, result);
+        result = test1(vt, true);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, result);
+    }
+
+    // Pass a value object to a native method that calls the hash method and returns the result
+    @Test
+    public long test2(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return testMethod2(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test2")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure native method is compiled
+    public void test2_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        long result = test2(vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, vt.hash());
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValueWithNative {
+        public int x;
+
+        private MyValueWithNative(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+
+        public native int testMethod3();
+    }
+
+    // Call a native method with a value class receiver
+    @Test
+    public int test3(MyValueWithNative vt) {
+        return vt.testMethod3();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test3")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure native method is compiled
+    public void test3_verifier() {
+        MyValueWithNative vt = new MyValueWithNative(rI);
+        int result = test3(vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, rI);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ef64dc12e78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java
@@ -0,0 +1,5514 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper;
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.*;
+
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.CLASS_CHECK_TRAP;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.COUNTED_LOOP;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.COUNTED_LOOP_MAIN;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.DYNAMIC_CALL_OF_METHOD;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.FIELD_ACCESS;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOAD;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.STORE;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOAD_P;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOOP;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.MEMBAR;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.NULL_CHECK_TRAP;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.PREDICATE_TRAP;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test inline types in LWorld.
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 0
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test inline types in LWorld.
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 1
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test inline types in LWorld.
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 2
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test inline types in LWorld.
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 3
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test inline types in LWorld.
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 4
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test inline types in LWorld.
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 5
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test inline types in LWorld.
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 6
+ */
+
+public class TestLWorld {
+
+    public TestLWorld() {
+        valueField1 = testValue1;
+        valueField2 = testValue1;
+        valueField4 = MyValue1.DEFAULT;
+        small = new Small();
+        smallDefault = new Small(0, new Big(0));
+        big = new Big();
+        bigDefault = new Big(0);
+        fEmpty3 = new MyValueEmpty();
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // Make sure Test140Value is loaded but not linked
+        Class<?> class1 = Test140Value.class;
+        // Make sure Test141Value is linked but not initialized
+        Class<?> class2 = Test141Value.class;
+        class2.getDeclaredFields();
+
+        Scenario[] scenarios = InlineTypes.DEFAULT_SCENARIOS;
+        scenarios[3].addFlags("-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening");
+        scenarios[4].addFlags("-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck");
+
+        InlineTypes.getFramework()
+                    // TODO 8337821: Temporarily increased MemLimit - remove again with JDK-8378328 once fixed.
+                   .addFlags("-XX:CompileCommand=MemLimit,*.*,0")
+                   .addScenarios(scenarios[Integer.parseInt(args[0])])
+                   .addHelperClasses(MyValue1.class,
+                                     MyValue2.class,
+                                     MyValue2Inline.class,
+                                     MyValue3.class,
+                                     MyValue3Inline.class)
+                   .start();
+    }
+
+    static {
+        // Make sure RuntimeException is loaded to prevent uncommon traps in IR verified tests
+        RuntimeException tmp = new RuntimeException("42");
+    }
+
+    // Helper methods
+    @DontInline
+    private static void call() {}
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    private static final MyValue1 testValue1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+    @NullRestricted
+    private static final MyValue2 testValue2 = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+
+    protected long hash() {
+        return testValue1.hash();
+    }
+
+    // Test passing an inline type as an Object
+    @DontInline
+    public Object test1_dontinline1(Object o) {
+        return o;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyValue1 test1_dontinline2(Object o) {
+        return (MyValue1)o;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test1_inline1(Object o) {
+        return o;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValue1 test1_inline2(Object o) {
+        return (MyValue1)o;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public MyValue1 test1() {
+        MyValue1 vt = testValue1;
+        vt = (MyValue1)test1_dontinline1(vt);
+        vt =           test1_dontinline2(vt);
+        vt = (MyValue1)test1_inline1(vt);
+        vt =           test1_inline2(vt);
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test1")
+    public void test1_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test1().hash(), hash());
+    }
+
+    // Test storing/loading inline types to/from Object and inline type fields
+    Object objectField1 = null;
+    Object objectField2 = null;
+    Object objectField3 = null;
+    Object objectField4 = null;
+    Object objectField5 = null;
+    Object objectField6 = null;
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue1 valueField1;
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue1 valueField2;
+    MyValue1 valueField3 = testValue1;
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue1 valueField4;
+    MyValue1 valueField5;
+
+    static MyValue1 staticValueField1 = testValue1;
+    @NullRestricted
+    static MyValue1 staticValueField2 = testValue1;
+    @NullRestricted
+    static MyValue1 staticValueField3 = MyValue1.DEFAULT;
+    static MyValue1 staticValueField4;
+
+    @DontInline
+    public Object readValueField5() {
+        return (Object)valueField5;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public Object readStaticValueField4() {
+        return (Object)staticValueField4;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public long test2(MyValue1 vt1, Object vt2) {
+        objectField1 = vt1;
+        objectField2 = (MyValue1)vt2;
+        objectField3 = testValue1;
+        objectField4 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        objectField5 = valueField1;
+        objectField6 = valueField3;
+        valueField1 = (MyValue1)objectField1;
+        valueField2 = (MyValue1)vt2;
+        valueField3 = (MyValue1)vt2;
+        staticValueField1 = (MyValue1)objectField1;
+        staticValueField2 = (MyValue1)vt1;
+        // Don't inline these methods because reading NULL will trigger a deoptimization
+        if (readValueField5() != null || readStaticValueField4() != null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should be null");
+        }
+        return ((MyValue1)objectField1).hash() + ((MyValue1)objectField2).hash() +
+               ((MyValue1)objectField3).hash() + ((MyValue1)objectField4).hash() +
+               ((MyValue1)objectField5).hash() + ((MyValue1)objectField6).hash() +
+                valueField1.hash() + valueField2.hash() + valueField3.hash() + valueField4.hashPrimitive() +
+                staticValueField1.hash() + staticValueField2.hash() + staticValueField3.hashPrimitive();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test2")
+    public void test2_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = testValue1;
+        MyValue1 def = MyValue1.createDefaultDontInline();
+        long result = test2(vt, vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, 11*vt.hash() + 2*def.hashPrimitive());
+    }
+
+    // Test merging inline types and objects
+    @Test
+    public Object test3(int state) {
+        Object res = null;
+        if (state == 0) {
+            res = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        } else if (state == 1) {
+            res = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        } else if (state == 2) {
+            res = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        } else if (state == 3) {
+            res = (MyValue1)objectField1;
+        } else if (state == 4) {
+            res = valueField1;
+        } else if (state == 5) {
+            res = null;
+        } else if (state == 6) {
+            res = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        } else if (state == 7) {
+            res = testValue2;
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test3")
+    public void test3_verifier() {
+        objectField1 = valueField1;
+        Object result = null;
+        result = test3(0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(((NonValueClass)result).x, rI);
+        result = test3(1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(((MyValue1)result).hash(), hash());
+        result = test3(2);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(((MyValue1)result).hash(), hash());
+        result = test3(3);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(((MyValue1)result).hash(), hash());
+        result = test3(4);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(((MyValue1)result).hash(), hash());
+        result = test3(5);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(null, result);
+        result = test3(6);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue2, result);
+        result = test3(7);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue2, result);
+    }
+
+    // Test merging inline types and objects in loops
+    @Test
+    public Object test4(int iters) {
+        Object res = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        for (int i = 0; i < iters; ++i) {
+            if (res instanceof NonValueClass) {
+                res = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+            } else {
+                res = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(((MyValue1)res).x + 1, rL);
+            }
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test4")
+    public void test4_verifier() {
+        NonValueClass result1 = (NonValueClass)test4(0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result1.x, rI);
+        int iters = (Math.abs(rI) % 10) + 1;
+        MyValue1 result2 = (MyValue1)test4(iters);
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI + iters - 1, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, result2);
+    }
+
+    // Test inline types in object variables that are live at safepoint
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, LOOP})
+    public long test5(MyValue1 arg, boolean deopt, Method m) {
+        Object vt1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        Object vt2 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        Object vt3 = arg;
+        Object vt4 = valueField1;
+        if (deopt) {
+            // uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return ((MyValue1)vt1).hash() + ((MyValue1)vt2).hash() +
+               ((MyValue1)vt3).hash() + ((MyValue1)vt4).hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test5")
+    public void test5_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        long result = test5(valueField1, !info.isWarmUp(), info.getTest());
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, 4*hash());
+    }
+
+    // Test comparing inline types with objects
+    @Test
+    public boolean test6(Object arg) {
+        Object vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (vt == arg || vt == (Object)valueField1 || vt == objectField1 || vt == null ||
+            arg == vt || (Object)valueField1 == vt || objectField1 == vt || null == vt) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test6")
+    public void test6_verifier() {
+        boolean result = test6(null);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(result);
+    }
+
+    // merge of inline type and non-inline type
+    @Test
+    public Object test7(boolean flag) {
+        Object res = null;
+        if (flag) {
+            res = valueField1;
+        } else {
+            res = objectField1;
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test7")
+    public void test7_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test7(true), valueField1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test7(false), objectField1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object test8(boolean flag) {
+        Object res = null;
+        if (flag) {
+            res = objectField1;
+        } else {
+            res = valueField1;
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test8")
+    public void test8_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test8(true), objectField1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test8(false), valueField1);
+    }
+
+    // merge of inline types in a loop, stored in an object local
+    @Test
+    public Object test9() {
+        Object o = valueField1;
+        for (int i = 1; i < 100; i *= 2) {
+            MyValue1 v = (MyValue1)o;
+            o = MyValue1.setX(v, v.x + 1);
+        }
+        return o;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test9")
+    public void test9_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test9(), MyValue1.setX(valueField1, valueField1.x + 7));
+    }
+
+    // merge of inline types in an object local
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test10_helper() {
+        return valueField1;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public void test10(boolean flag) {
+        Object o = null;
+        if (flag) {
+            o = valueField1;
+        } else {
+            o = test10_helper();
+        }
+        valueField1 = (MyValue1)o;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test10")
+    public void test10_verifier() {
+        test10(true);
+        test10(false);
+    }
+
+    // Interface tests
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyInterface test11_dontinline1(MyInterface o) {
+        return o;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyValue1 test11_dontinline2(MyInterface o) {
+        return (MyValue1)o;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyInterface test11_inline1(MyInterface o) {
+        return o;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValue1 test11_inline2(MyInterface o) {
+        return (MyValue1)o;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1 test11() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        vt = (MyValue1)test11_dontinline1(vt);
+        vt =           test11_dontinline2(vt);
+        vt = (MyValue1)test11_inline1(vt);
+        vt =           test11_inline2(vt);
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test11")
+    public void test11_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test11().hash(), hash());
+    }
+
+    // Test storing/loading inline types to/from interface and inline type fields
+    MyInterface interfaceField1 = null;
+    MyInterface interfaceField2 = null;
+    MyInterface interfaceField3 = null;
+    MyInterface interfaceField4 = null;
+    MyInterface interfaceField5 = null;
+    MyInterface interfaceField6 = null;
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyInterface readValueField5AsInterface() {
+        return (MyInterface)valueField5;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyInterface readStaticValueField4AsInterface() {
+        return (MyInterface)staticValueField4;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public long test12(MyValue1 vt1, MyInterface vt2) {
+        interfaceField1 = vt1;
+        interfaceField2 = (MyValue1)vt2;
+        interfaceField3 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        interfaceField4 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        interfaceField5 = valueField1;
+        interfaceField6 = valueField3;
+        valueField1 = (MyValue1)interfaceField1;
+        valueField2 = (MyValue1)vt2;
+        valueField3 = (MyValue1)vt2;
+        staticValueField1 = (MyValue1)interfaceField1;
+        staticValueField2 = (MyValue1)vt1;
+        // Don't inline these methods because reading NULL will trigger a deoptimization
+        if (readValueField5AsInterface() != null || readStaticValueField4AsInterface() != null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should be null");
+        }
+        return ((MyValue1)interfaceField1).hash() + ((MyValue1)interfaceField2).hash() +
+               ((MyValue1)interfaceField3).hash() + ((MyValue1)interfaceField4).hash() +
+               ((MyValue1)interfaceField5).hash() + ((MyValue1)interfaceField6).hash() +
+                valueField1.hash() + valueField2.hash() + valueField3.hash() + valueField4.hashPrimitive() +
+                staticValueField1.hash() + staticValueField2.hash() + staticValueField3.hashPrimitive();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test12")
+    public void test12_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = testValue1;
+        MyValue1 def = MyValue1.createDefaultDontInline();
+        long result = test12(vt, vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, 11*vt.hash() + 2*def.hashPrimitive());
+    }
+
+    class MyObject1 implements MyInterface {
+        public int x;
+
+        public MyObject1(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public long hash() {
+            return x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test merging inline types and interfaces
+    @Test
+    public MyInterface test13(int state) {
+        MyInterface res = null;
+        if (state == 0) {
+            res = new MyObject1(rI);
+        } else if (state == 1) {
+            res = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        } else if (state == 2) {
+            res = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        } else if (state == 3) {
+            res = (MyValue1)objectField1;
+        } else if (state == 4) {
+            res = valueField1;
+        } else if (state == 5) {
+            res = null;
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test13")
+    public void test13_verifier() {
+        objectField1 = valueField1;
+        MyInterface result = null;
+        result = test13(0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(((MyObject1)result).x, rI);
+        result = test13(1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(((MyValue1)result).hash(), hash());
+        result = test13(2);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(((MyValue1)result).hash(), hash());
+        result = test13(3);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(((MyValue1)result).hash(), hash());
+        result = test13(4);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(((MyValue1)result).hash(), hash());
+        result = test13(5);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, null);
+    }
+
+    // Test merging inline types and interfaces in loops
+    @Test
+    public MyInterface test14(int iters) {
+        MyInterface res = new MyObject1(rI);
+        for (int i = 0; i < iters; ++i) {
+            if (res instanceof MyObject1) {
+                res = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+            } else {
+                res = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(((MyValue1)res).x + 1, rL);
+            }
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test14")
+    public void test14_verifier() {
+        MyObject1 result1 = (MyObject1)test14(0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result1.x, rI);
+        int iters = (Math.abs(rI) % 10) + 1;
+        MyValue1 result2 = (MyValue1)test14(iters);
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI + iters - 1, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, result2);
+    }
+
+    // Test inline types in interface variables that are live at safepoint
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, LOOP})
+    public long test15(MyValue1 arg, boolean deopt, Method m) {
+        MyInterface vt1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyInterface vt2 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        MyInterface vt3 = arg;
+        MyInterface vt4 = valueField1;
+        return ((MyValue1)vt1).hash() + ((MyValue1)vt2).hash() +
+               ((MyValue1)vt3).hash() + ((MyValue1)vt4).hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test15")
+    public void test15_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        long result = test15(valueField1, !info.isWarmUp(), info.getTest());
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, 4*hash());
+    }
+
+    // Test comparing inline types with interfaces
+    @Test
+    public boolean test16(Object arg) {
+        MyInterface vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (vt == arg || vt == (MyInterface)valueField1 || vt == interfaceField1 || vt == null ||
+            arg == vt || (MyInterface)valueField1 == vt || interfaceField1 == vt || null == vt) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test16")
+    public void test16_verifier() {
+        boolean result = test16(null);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(result);
+    }
+
+    // Test subtype check when casting to inline type
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public MyValue1 test17(MyValue1 vt, Object obj) {
+        try {
+            vt = (MyValue1)obj;
+            throw new RuntimeException("ClassCastException expected");
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test17")
+    public void test17_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = testValue1;
+        MyValue1 result = test17(vt, new NonValueClass(rI));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(vt, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1 test18(MyValue1 vt) {
+        Object obj = vt;
+        vt = (MyValue1)obj;
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test18")
+    public void test18_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = testValue1;
+        MyValue1 result = test18(vt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(vt, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public void test19(MyValue1 vt) {
+        if (vt == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        Object obj = vt;
+        try {
+            MyValue2 vt2 = (MyValue2)obj;
+            throw new RuntimeException("ClassCastException expected");
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test19")
+    public void test19_verifier() {
+        test19(valueField1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public void test20(MyValue1 vt) {
+        if (vt == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        Object obj = vt;
+        try {
+            NonValueClass i = (NonValueClass)obj;
+            throw new RuntimeException("ClassCastException expected");
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test20")
+    public void test20_verifier() {
+        test20(valueField1);
+    }
+
+    // Array tests
+
+    private static final MyValue1[] testValue1Array = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 3, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+    static {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
+            testValue1Array[i] = testValue1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final MyValue1[][] testValue1Array2 = new MyValue1[][] {testValue1Array,
+                                                                           testValue1Array,
+                                                                           testValue1Array};
+
+    private static final MyValue2[] testValue2Array = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 3, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+    static {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
+            testValue2Array[i] = testValue2;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final NonValueClass[] testNonValueArray = new NonValueClass[42];
+
+    // Test load from (flattened) inline type array disguised as object array
+    @Test
+    public Object test21(Object[] oa, int index) {
+        return oa[index];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test21")
+    public void test21_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 result = (MyValue1)test21(testValue1Array, Math.abs(rI) % 3);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result.hash(), hash());
+    }
+
+    // Test load from (flattened) inline type array disguised as interface array
+    @Test
+    public Object test22Interface(MyInterface[] ia, int index) {
+        return ia[index];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test22Interface")
+    public void test22Interface_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 result = (MyValue1)test22Interface(testValue1Array, Math.abs(rI) % 3);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result.hash(), hash());
+    }
+
+    // Test load from (flattened) inline type array disguised as abstract array
+    @Test
+    public Object test22Abstract(MyAbstract[] ia, int index) {
+        return ia[index];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test22Abstract")
+    public void test22Abstract_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 result = (MyValue1)test22Abstract(testValue1Array, Math.abs(rI) % 3);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result.hash(), hash());
+    }
+
+    // Test inline store to (flattened) inline type array disguised as object array
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test23_inline(Object[] oa, Object o, int index) {
+        oa[index] = o;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test23(Object[] oa, MyValue1 vt, int index) {
+        test23_inline(oa, vt, index);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test23")
+    public void test23_verifier() {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI + 1, rL + 1);
+        test23(testValue1Array, vt, index);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, testValue1Array[index]);
+        testValue1Array[index] = testValue1;
+        try {
+            test23(testValue2Array, vt, index);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No ArrayStoreException thrown");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue2, testValue2Array[index]);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test24_inline(Object[] oa, Object o, int index) {
+        oa[index] = o;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test24(Object[] oa, MyValue1 vt, int index) {
+        test24_inline(oa, vt, index);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test24")
+    public void test24_verifier() {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        try {
+            test24(testNonValueArray, testValue1, index);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No ArrayStoreException thrown");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test25_inline(Object[] oa, Object o, int index) {
+        oa[index] = o;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test25(Object[] oa, MyValue1 vt, int index) {
+        test25_inline(oa, vt, index);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test25")
+    public void test25_verifier() {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        try {
+            test25(null, testValue1, index);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test inline store to (flattened) inline type array disguised as interface array
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test26Interface_inline(MyInterface[] ia, MyInterface i, int index) {
+        ia[index] = i;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test26Interface(MyInterface[] ia, MyValue1 vt, int index) {
+      test26Interface_inline(ia, vt, index);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test26Interface")
+    public void test26Interface_verifier() {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI + 1, rL + 1);
+        test26Interface(testValue1Array, vt, index);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, testValue1Array[index]);
+        testValue1Array[index] = testValue1;
+        try {
+            test26Interface(testValue2Array, vt, index);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No ArrayStoreException thrown");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue2, testValue2Array[index]);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test27Interface_inline(MyInterface[] ia, MyInterface i, int index) {
+        ia[index] = i;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test27Interface(MyInterface[] ia, MyValue1 vt, int index) {
+        test27Interface_inline(ia, vt, index);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test27Interface")
+    public void test27Interface_verifier() {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        try {
+            test27Interface(null, testValue1, index);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test inline store to (flattened) inline type array disguised as abstract array
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test26Abstract_inline(MyAbstract[] ia, MyAbstract i, int index) {
+        ia[index] = i;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test26Abstract(MyAbstract[] ia, MyValue1 vt, int index) {
+      test26Abstract_inline(ia, vt, index);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test26Abstract")
+    public void test26Abstract_verifier() {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI + 1, rL + 1);
+        test26Abstract(testValue1Array, vt, index);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, testValue1Array[index]);
+        testValue1Array[index] = testValue1;
+        try {
+            test26Abstract(testValue2Array, vt, index);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No ArrayStoreException thrown");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue2, testValue2Array[index]);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test27Abstract_inline(MyAbstract[] ia, MyAbstract i, int index) {
+        ia[index] = i;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test27Abstract(MyAbstract[] ia, MyValue1 vt, int index) {
+        test27Abstract_inline(ia, vt, index);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test27Abstract")
+    public void test27Abstract_verifier() {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        try {
+            test27Abstract(null, testValue1, index);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test object store to (flattened) inline type array disguised as object array
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test28_inline(Object[] oa, Object o, int index) {
+        oa[index] = o;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test28(Object[] oa, Object o, int index) {
+        test28_inline(oa, o, index);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test28")
+    public void test28_verifier() {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        MyValue1 vt1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI + 1, rL + 1);
+        test28(testValue1Array, vt1, index);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt1, testValue1Array[index]);
+        try {
+            test28(testValue1Array, testValue2, index);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No ArrayStoreException thrown");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt1, testValue1Array[index]);
+        testValue1Array[index] = testValue1;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test29_inline(Object[] oa, Object o, int index) {
+        oa[index] = o;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test29(Object[] oa, Object o, int index) {
+        test29_inline(oa, o, index);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test29")
+    public void test29_verifier() {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        try {
+            test29(testValue2Array, testValue1, index);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No ArrayStoreException thrown");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue2, testValue2Array[index]);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test30_inline(Object[] oa, Object o, int index) {
+        oa[index] = o;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test30(Object[] oa, Object o, int index) {
+        test30_inline(oa, o, index);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test30")
+    public void test30_verifier() {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        try {
+            test30(testNonValueArray, testValue1, index);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No ArrayStoreException thrown");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test inline store to (flattened) inline type array disguised as interface array
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test31Interface_inline(MyInterface[] ia, MyInterface i, int index) {
+        ia[index] = i;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test31Interface(MyInterface[] ia, MyInterface i, int index) {
+        test31Interface_inline(ia, i, index);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test31Interface")
+    public void test31Interface_verifier() {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        MyValue1 vt1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI + 1, rL + 1);
+        test31Interface(testValue1Array, vt1, index);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt1, testValue1Array[index]);
+        try {
+            test31Interface(testValue1Array, testValue2, index);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No ArrayStoreException thrown");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt1, testValue1Array[index]);
+        testValue1Array[index] = testValue1;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test32Interface_inline(MyInterface[] ia, MyInterface i, int index) {
+        ia[index] = i;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test32Interface(MyInterface[] ia, MyInterface i, int index) {
+        test32Interface_inline(ia, i, index);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test32Interface")
+    public void test32Interface_verifier() {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        try {
+            test32Interface(testValue2Array, testValue1, index);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No ArrayStoreException thrown");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test inline store to (flattened) inline type array disguised as abstract array
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test31Abstract_inline(MyAbstract[] ia, MyAbstract i, int index) {
+        ia[index] = i;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test31Abstract(MyAbstract[] ia, MyAbstract i, int index) {
+        test31Abstract_inline(ia, i, index);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test31Abstract")
+    public void test31Abstract_verifier() {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        MyValue1 vt1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI + 1, rL + 1);
+        test31Abstract(testValue1Array, vt1, index);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt1, testValue1Array[index]);
+        try {
+            test31Abstract(testValue1Array, testValue2, index);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No ArrayStoreException thrown");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt1, testValue1Array[index]);
+        testValue1Array[index] = testValue1;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test32Abstract_inline(MyAbstract[] ia, MyAbstract i, int index) {
+        ia[index] = i;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test32Abstract(MyAbstract[] ia, MyAbstract i, int index) {
+        test32Abstract_inline(ia, i, index);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test32Abstract")
+    public void test32Abstract_verifier() {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        try {
+            test32Abstract(testValue2Array, testValue1, index);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No ArrayStoreException thrown");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test writing null to a (flattened) inline type array disguised as object array
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test33_inline(Object[] oa, Object o, int index) {
+        oa[index] = o;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test33(Object[] oa, Object o, int index) {
+        test33_inline(oa, o, index);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test33")
+    public void test33_verifier() {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        try {
+            test33(testValue1Array, null, index);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1Array[index].hash(), hash());
+    }
+
+    // Test writing constant null to a (flattened) inline type array disguised as object array
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test34_inline(Object[] oa, Object o, int index) {
+        oa[index] = o;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test34(Object[] oa, int index) {
+        test34_inline(oa, null, index);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test34")
+    public void test34_verifier() {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        try {
+            test34(testValue1Array, index);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1Array[index].hash(), hash());
+    }
+
+    // Test writing constant null to a (flattened) inline type array
+
+    private static final MethodHandle setArrayElementNull = InstructionHelper.buildMethodHandle(MethodHandles.lookup(),
+        "setArrayElementNull",
+        MethodType.methodType(void.class, TestLWorld.class, MyValue1[].class, int.class),
+        CODE -> {
+            CODE.
+            aload(1).
+            iload(2).
+            aconst_null().
+            aastore().
+            return_();
+        });
+
+    @Test
+    public void test35(MyValue1[] va, int index) throws Throwable {
+        setArrayElementNull.invoke(this, va, index);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test35")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test35_verifier() throws Throwable {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        try {
+            test35(testValue1Array, index);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1Array[index].hash(), hash());
+    }
+
+    // Test writing an inline type to a null inline type array
+    @Test
+    public void test36(MyValue1[] va, MyValue1 vt, int index) {
+        va[index] = vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test36")
+    public void test36_verifier() {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        try {
+            test36(null, testValue1Array[index], index);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test incremental inlining
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test37_inline(Object[] oa, Object o, int index) {
+        oa[index] = o;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public void test37(MyValue1[] va, Object o, int index) {
+        test37_inline(va, o, index);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test37")
+    public void test37_verifier() {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        MyValue1 vt1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI + 1, rL + 1);
+        test37(testValue1Array, vt1, index);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt1, testValue1Array[index]);
+        try {
+            test37(testValue1Array, testValue2, index);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No ArrayStoreException thrown");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt1, testValue1Array[index]);
+        testValue1Array[index] = testValue1;
+    }
+
+    // Test merging of inline type arrays
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object[] test38_inline() {
+        return (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 42, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public Object[] test38(Object[] oa, Object o, int i1, int i2, int num) {
+        Object[] result = null;
+        switch (num) {
+        case 0:
+            result = test38_inline();
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            result = oa;
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            result = testValue1Array;
+            break;
+        case 3:
+            result = testValue2Array;
+            break;
+        case 4:
+            result = testNonValueArray;
+            break;
+        case 5:
+            result = null;
+            break;
+        case 6:
+            result = testValue1Array2;
+            break;
+        }
+        result[i1] = result[i2];
+        result[i2] = o;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test38")
+    public void test38_verifier() {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 42, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        Object[] result = test38(null, testValue1, index, index, 0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1, result[index]);
+        result = test38(testValue1Array, testValue1, index, index, 1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1, result[index]);
+        result = test38(null, testValue1, index, index, 2);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1, result[index]);
+        result = test38(null, testValue2, index, index, 3);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue2, result[index]);
+        try {
+            result = test38(null, null, index, index, 3);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        result = test38(null, null, index, index, 4);
+        try {
+            result = test38(null, testValue1, index, index, 4);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No ArrayStoreException thrown");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            result = test38(null, testValue1, index, index, 5);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        result = test38(null, testValue1Array, index, index, 6);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1, ((MyValue1[][])result)[index][index]);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test39_inline() {
+        return (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 42, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+    }
+
+    // Same as above but merging into Object instead of Object[]
+    @Test
+    public Object test39(Object oa, Object o, int i1, int i2, int num) {
+        Object result = null;
+        switch (num) {
+        case 0:
+            result = test39_inline();
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            result = oa;
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            result = testValue1Array;
+            break;
+        case 3:
+            result = testValue2Array;
+            break;
+        case 4:
+            result = testNonValueArray;
+            break;
+        case 5:
+            result = null;
+            break;
+        case 6:
+            result = testValue1;
+            break;
+        case 7:
+            result = testValue2;
+            break;
+        case 8:
+            result = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+            break;
+        case 9:
+            result = new NonValueClass(42);
+            break;
+        case 10:
+            result = testValue1Array2;
+            break;
+        }
+        if (result instanceof Object[]) {
+            ((Object[])result)[i1] = ((Object[])result)[i2];
+            ((Object[])result)[i2] = o;
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test39")
+    public void test39_verifier() {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 42, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        Object result = test39(null, testValue1, index, index, 0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1, ((MyValue1[])result)[index]);
+        result = test39(testValue1Array, testValue1, index, index, 1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1, ((MyValue1[])result)[index]);
+        result = test39(null, testValue1, index, index, 2);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1, ((MyValue1[])result)[index]);
+        result = test39(null, testValue2, index, index, 3);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue2, ((MyValue2[])result)[index]);
+        try {
+            result = test39(null, null, index, index, 3);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        result = test39(null, null, index, index, 4);
+        try {
+            result = test39(null, testValue1, index, index, 4);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No ArrayStoreException thrown");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        result = test39(null, testValue1, index, index, 5);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(null, result);
+        result = test39(null, testValue1, index, index, 6);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1, result);
+        result = test39(null, testValue1, index, index, 7);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue2, result);
+        result = test39(null, testValue1, index, index, 8);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1, result);
+        result = test39(null, testValue1, index, index, 9);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(42, ((NonValueClass)result).x);
+        result = test39(null, testValue1Array, index, index, 10);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1, ((MyValue1[][])result)[index][index]);
+    }
+
+    // Test instanceof with inline types and arrays
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public long test40(Object o, int index) {
+        if (o instanceof MyValue1) {
+          return ((MyValue1)o).hashInterpreted();
+        } else if (o instanceof MyValue1[]) {
+          return ((MyValue1[])o)[index].hashInterpreted();
+        } else if (o instanceof MyValue2) {
+          return ((MyValue2)o).hash();
+        } else if (o instanceof MyValue2[]) {
+          return ((MyValue2[])o)[index].hash();
+        } else if (o instanceof MyValue1[][]) {
+          return ((MyValue1[][])o)[index][index].hash();
+        } else if (o instanceof Long) {
+          return (long)o;
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test40")
+    public void test40_verifier() {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        long result = test40(testValue1, 0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, testValue1.hashInterpreted());
+        result = test40(testValue1Array, index);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, testValue1.hashInterpreted());
+        result = test40(testValue2, index);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, testValue2.hash());
+        result = test40(testValue2Array, index);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, testValue2.hash());
+        result = test40(testValue1Array2, index);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, testValue1.hash());
+        result = test40(Long.valueOf(42), index);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, 42L);
+    }
+
+    // Test for bug in Escape Analysis
+    @DontInline
+    public void test41_dontinline(Object o) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(o, rI);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public void test41() {
+        MyValue1[] vals = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        vals[0] = testValue1;
+        test41_dontinline(vals[0].oa[0]);
+        test41_dontinline(vals[0].oa[0]);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test41")
+    public void test41_verifier() {
+        test41();
+    }
+
+    // Test for bug in Escape Analysis
+    private static final MyValue1 test42VT1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+    private static final MyValue1 test42VT2 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI + 1, rL + 1);
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public void test42() {
+        MyValue1[] vals = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 2, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        vals[0] = test42VT1;
+        vals[1] = test42VT2;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vals[0].hash(), test42VT1.hash());
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vals[1].hash(), test42VT2.hash());
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test42")
+    public void test42_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) test42(); // We need -Xcomp behavior
+    }
+
+    // Test for bug in Escape Analysis
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public long test43(boolean deopt, Method m) {
+        MyValue1[] vals = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 2, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        vals[0] = test42VT1;
+        vals[1] = test42VT2;
+
+        if (deopt) {
+            // uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(vals[0].hash(), test42VT1.hash());
+            Asserts.assertEQ(vals[1].hash(), test42VT2.hash());
+        }
+
+        return vals[0].hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test43")
+    public void test43_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test43(!info.isWarmUp(), info.getTest());
+    }
+
+    // Tests writing an array element with a (statically known) incompatible type
+    private static final MethodHandle setArrayElementIncompatible = InstructionHelper.buildMethodHandle(MethodHandles.lookup(),
+        "setArrayElementIncompatible",
+        MethodType.methodType(void.class, TestLWorld.class, MyValue1[].class, int.class, MyValue2.class),
+        CODE -> {
+            CODE.
+            aload(1).
+            iload(2).
+            aload(3).
+            aastore().
+            return_();
+        });
+
+    @Test
+    public void test44(MyValue1[] va, int index, MyValue2 v) throws Throwable {
+        setArrayElementIncompatible.invoke(this, va, index, v);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test44")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test44_verifier() throws Throwable {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        try {
+            test44(testValue1Array, index, testValue2);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No ArrayStoreException thrown");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1Array[index].hash(), hash());
+    }
+
+    // Tests writing an array element with a (statically known) incompatible type
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test45_inline(Object[] oa, Object o, int index) {
+        oa[index] = o;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test45(MyValue1[] va, int index, MyValue2 v) throws Throwable {
+        test45_inline(va, v, index);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test45")
+    public void test45_verifier() throws Throwable {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        try {
+            test45(testValue1Array, index, testValue2);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No ArrayStoreException thrown");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1Array[index].hash(), hash());
+    }
+
+    // instanceof tests with inline types
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public boolean test46(MyValue1 vt) {
+        Object obj = vt;
+        return obj instanceof MyValue1;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test46")
+    public void test46_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = testValue1;
+        boolean result = test46(vt);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public boolean test47(MyValue1 vt) {
+        Object obj = vt;
+        return obj instanceof MyValue2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test47")
+    public void test47_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = testValue1;
+        boolean result = test47(vt);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public boolean test48(Object obj) {
+        return obj instanceof MyValue1;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test48")
+    public void test48_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = testValue1;
+        boolean result = test48(vt);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public boolean test49(Object obj) {
+        return obj instanceof MyValue2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test49")
+    public void test49_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = testValue1;
+        boolean result = test49(vt);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public boolean test50(Object obj) {
+        return obj instanceof MyValue1;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test50")
+    public void test50_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test49(new NonValueClass(42)));
+    }
+
+    // Inline type with some non-flattened fields
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test51Value {
+        Object objectField1;
+        Object objectField2;
+        Object objectField3;
+        Object objectField4;
+        Object objectField5;
+        Object objectField6;
+
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue1 valueField1;
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue1 valueField2;
+        MyValue1 valueField3;
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue1 valueField4;
+        MyValue1 valueField5;
+
+        public Test51Value() {
+            objectField1 = null;
+            objectField2 = null;
+            objectField3 = null;
+            objectField4 = null;
+            objectField5 = null;
+            objectField6 = null;
+            valueField1 = testValue1;
+            valueField2 = testValue1;
+            valueField3 = testValue1;
+            valueField4 = MyValue1.createDefaultDontInline();
+            valueField5 = MyValue1.createDefaultDontInline();
+        }
+
+        public Test51Value(Object o1, Object o2, Object o3, Object o4, Object o5, Object o6,
+                           MyValue1 vt1, MyValue1 vt2, MyValue1 vt3, MyValue1 vt4, MyValue1 vt5) {
+            objectField1 = o1;
+            objectField2 = o2;
+            objectField3 = o3;
+            objectField4 = o4;
+            objectField5 = o5;
+            objectField6 = o6;
+            valueField1 = vt1;
+            valueField2 = vt2;
+            valueField3 = vt3;
+            valueField4 = vt4;
+            valueField5 = vt5;
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public long test(Test51Value holder, MyValue1 vt1, Object vt2) {
+            holder = new Test51Value(vt1, holder.objectField2, holder.objectField3, holder.objectField4, holder.objectField5, holder.objectField6,
+                                     holder.valueField1, holder.valueField2, holder.valueField3, holder.valueField4, holder.valueField5);
+            holder = new Test51Value(holder.objectField1, (MyValue1)vt2, holder.objectField3, holder.objectField4, holder.objectField5, holder.objectField6,
+                                     holder.valueField1, holder.valueField2, holder.valueField3, holder.valueField4, holder.valueField5);
+            holder = new Test51Value(holder.objectField1, holder.objectField2, testValue1, holder.objectField4, holder.objectField5, holder.objectField6,
+                                     holder.valueField1, holder.valueField2, holder.valueField3, holder.valueField4, holder.valueField5);
+            holder = new Test51Value(holder.objectField1, holder.objectField2, holder.objectField3, MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL), holder.objectField5, holder.objectField6,
+                                     holder.valueField1, holder.valueField2, holder.valueField3, holder.valueField4, holder.valueField5);
+            holder = new Test51Value(holder.objectField1, holder.objectField2, holder.objectField3, holder.objectField4, holder.valueField1, holder.objectField6,
+                                     holder.valueField1, holder.valueField2, holder.valueField3, holder.valueField4, holder.valueField5);
+            holder = new Test51Value(holder.objectField1, holder.objectField2, holder.objectField3, holder.objectField4, holder.objectField5, holder.valueField3,
+                                     holder.valueField1, holder.valueField2, holder.valueField3, holder.valueField4, holder.valueField5);
+            holder = new Test51Value(holder.objectField1, holder.objectField2, holder.objectField3, holder.objectField4, holder.objectField5, holder.objectField6,
+                                     (MyValue1)holder.objectField1, holder.valueField2, holder.valueField3, holder.valueField4, holder.valueField5);
+            holder = new Test51Value(holder.objectField1, holder.objectField2, holder.objectField3, holder.objectField4, holder.objectField5, holder.objectField6,
+                                     holder.valueField1, (MyValue1)vt2, holder.valueField3, holder.valueField4, holder.valueField5);
+            holder = new Test51Value(holder.objectField1, holder.objectField2, holder.objectField3, holder.objectField4, holder.objectField5, holder.objectField6,
+                                     holder.valueField1, holder.valueField2, (MyValue1)vt2, holder.valueField4, holder.valueField5);
+
+            return ((MyValue1)holder.objectField1).hash() +
+                   ((MyValue1)holder.objectField2).hash() +
+                   ((MyValue1)holder.objectField3).hash() +
+                   ((MyValue1)holder.objectField4).hash() +
+                   ((MyValue1)holder.objectField5).hash() +
+                   ((MyValue1)holder.objectField6).hash() +
+                   holder.valueField1.hash() +
+                   holder.valueField2.hash() +
+                   holder.valueField3.hash() +
+                   holder.valueField4.hashPrimitive();
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Pass arguments via fields to avoid excessive spilling leading to compilation bailouts
+    @NullRestricted
+    static Test51Value test51_arg1 = new Test51Value();
+    @NullRestricted
+    static MyValue1 test51_arg2 = MyValue1.DEFAULT;
+    static Object test51_arg3;
+
+    // Same as test2 but with field holder being an inline type
+    @Test
+    public long test51() {
+        return test51_arg1.test(test51_arg1, test51_arg2, test51_arg3);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test51")
+    public void test51_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = testValue1;
+        MyValue1 def = MyValue1.createDefaultDontInline();
+        Test51Value holder = new Test51Value();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1, vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, holder.valueField1);
+        test51_arg1 = holder;
+        test51_arg2 = vt;
+        test51_arg3 = vt;
+        long result = test51();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, 9*vt.hash() + def.hashPrimitive());
+    }
+
+    // Access non-flattened, uninitialized inline type field with inline type holder
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public void test52(Test51Value holder) {
+        if ((Object)holder.valueField5 != null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should be null");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test52")
+    public void test52_verifier() {
+        Test51Value vt = new Test51Value(null, null, null, null, null, null,
+                                         MyValue1.createDefaultInline(), MyValue1.createDefaultInline(), null, MyValue1.createDefaultInline(), null);
+        test52(vt);
+    }
+
+    // Merging inline types of different types
+    @Test
+    public Object test53(Object o, boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        return b ? vt : o;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test53")
+    public void test53_verifier() {
+        test53(new Object(), false);
+        MyValue1 result = (MyValue1)test53(new Object(), true);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result.hash(), hash());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object test54(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        return b ? vt : testValue2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test54")
+    public void test54_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 result1 = (MyValue1)test54(true);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result1.hash(), hash());
+        MyValue2 result2 = (MyValue2)test54(false);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue2, result2);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object test55(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 vt1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue2 vt2 = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        return b ? vt1 : vt2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test55")
+    public void test55_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 result1 = (MyValue1)test55(true);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result1.hash(), hash());
+        MyValue2 result2 = (MyValue2)test55(false);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue2, result2);
+    }
+
+    // Test synchronization on inline types
+    @Test
+    public void test56(Object vt) {
+        synchronized (vt) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test56 failed: synchronization on inline type should not succeed");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test56")
+    public void test56_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test56(testValue1);
+            throw new RuntimeException("test56 failed: no exception thrown");
+        } catch (IdentityException ex) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test57_inline(Object vt) {
+        synchronized (vt) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test57 failed: synchronization on inline type should not succeed");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public void test57(MyValue1 vt) {
+        test57_inline(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test57")
+    public void test57_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test57(testValue1);
+            throw new RuntimeException("test57 failed: no exception thrown");
+        } catch (IdentityException ex) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test58_inline(Object vt) {
+        synchronized (vt) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test58 failed: synchronization on inline type should not succeed");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public void test58() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        test58_inline(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test58")
+    public void test58_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test58();
+            throw new RuntimeException("test58 failed: no exception thrown");
+        } catch (IdentityException ex) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test59(Object o, boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        Object sync = b ? vt : o;
+        synchronized (sync) {
+            if (b) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("test59 failed: synchronization on inline type should not succeed");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test59")
+    public void test59_verifier() {
+        test59(new Object(), false);
+        try {
+            test59(new Object(), true);
+            throw new RuntimeException("test59 failed: no exception thrown");
+        } catch (IdentityException ex) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test60(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        Object sync = b ? vt : testValue2;
+        synchronized (sync) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test60 failed: synchronization on inline type should not succeed");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test60")
+    public void test60_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test60(false);
+            throw new RuntimeException("test60 failed: no exception thrown");
+        } catch (IdentityException ex) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            test60(true);
+            throw new RuntimeException("test60 failed: no exception thrown");
+        } catch (IdentityException ex) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test catching the IdentityException in compiled code
+    @Test
+    public void test61(Object vt) {
+        boolean thrown = false;
+        try {
+            synchronized (vt) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("test61 failed: no exception thrown");
+            }
+        } catch (IdentityException ex) {
+            thrown = true;
+        }
+        if (!thrown) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test61 failed: no exception thrown");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test61")
+    public void test61_verifier() {
+        test61(testValue1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test62(Object o) {
+        try {
+            synchronized (o) { }
+        } catch (IdentityException ex) {
+            // Expected
+            return;
+        }
+        throw new RuntimeException("test62 failed: no exception thrown");
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test62")
+    public void test62_verifier() {
+        test62(testValue1);
+    }
+
+    // Test synchronization without any instructions in the synchronized block
+    @Test
+    public void test63(Object o) {
+        synchronized (o) { }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test63")
+    public void test63_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test63(testValue1);
+        } catch (IdentityException ex) {
+            // Expected
+            return;
+        }
+        throw new RuntimeException("test63 failed: no exception thrown");
+    }
+
+    // type system test with interface and inline type
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyInterface test64Interface_helper(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyInterface test64Interface(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return test64Interface_helper(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test64Interface")
+    public void test64Interface_verifier() {
+        test64Interface(testValue1);
+    }
+
+    // type system test with abstract and inline type
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyAbstract test64Abstract_helper(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyAbstract test64Abstract(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return test64Abstract_helper(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test64Abstract")
+    public void test64Abstract_verifier() {
+        test64Abstract(testValue1);
+    }
+
+    // Array store tests
+    @Test
+    public void test65(Object[] array, MyValue1 vt) {
+        array[0] = vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test65")
+    public void test65_verifier() {
+        Object[] array = new Object[1];
+        test65(array, testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1, array[0]);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test66(Object[] array, MyValue1 vt) {
+        array[0] = vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test66")
+    public void test66_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] array = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        test66(array, testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1, array[0]);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test67(Object[] array, Object vt) {
+        array[0] = vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test67")
+    public void test67_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] array = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        test67(array, testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1, array[0]);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test68(Object[] array, NonValueClass o) {
+        array[0] = o;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test68")
+    public void test68_verifier() {
+        NonValueClass[] array = new NonValueClass[1];
+        NonValueClass obj = new NonValueClass(1);
+        test68(array, obj);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(array[0], obj);
+    }
+
+    // Test conversion between an inline type and java.lang.Object without an allocation
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test69_sum(Object a, Object b) {
+        int sum = ((MyValue1)a).x + ((MyValue1)b).x;
+        return MyValue1.setX(((MyValue1)a), sum);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public int test69(MyValue1[] array) {
+        MyValue1 result = MyValue1.createDefaultInline();
+        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; ++i) {
+            result = (MyValue1)test69_sum(result, array[i]);
+        }
+        return result.x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test69")
+    public void test69_verifier() {
+        int result = test69(testValue1Array);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, rI * testValue1Array.length);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test69 but with an Interface
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyInterface test70Interface_sum(MyInterface a, MyInterface b) {
+        int sum = ((MyValue1)a).x + ((MyValue1)b).x;
+        return MyValue1.setX(((MyValue1)a), sum);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public int test70Interface(MyValue1[] array) {
+        MyValue1 result = MyValue1.createDefaultInline();
+        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; ++i) {
+            result = (MyValue1)test70Interface_sum(result, array[i]);
+        }
+        return result.x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test70Interface")
+    public void test70Interface_verifier() {
+        int result = test70Interface(testValue1Array);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, rI * testValue1Array.length);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test69 but with an Abstract
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyAbstract test70Abstract_sum(MyAbstract a, MyAbstract b) {
+        int sum = ((MyValue1)a).x + ((MyValue1)b).x;
+        return MyValue1.setX(((MyValue1)a), sum);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public int test70Abstract(MyValue1[] array) {
+        MyValue1 result = MyValue1.createDefaultInline();
+        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; ++i) {
+            result = (MyValue1)test70Abstract_sum(result, array[i]);
+        }
+        return result.x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test70Abstract")
+    public void test70Abstract_verifier() {
+        int result = test70Abstract(testValue1Array);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, rI * testValue1Array.length);
+    }
+
+    // Test that allocated inline type is not used in non-dominated path
+    public MyValue1 test71_inline(Object obj) {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        try {
+            vt = (MyValue1)Objects.requireNonNull(obj);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public MyValue1 test71() {
+        return test71_inline(null);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test71")
+    public void test71_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = test71();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(vt.hash(), hash());
+    }
+
+    // Test calling a method on an uninitialized inline type
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    value class Test72Value {
+        int x = 0;
+
+        public int get() {
+            return x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Make sure Test72Value is loaded but not initialized
+    public void unused(Test72Value vt) { }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public int test72() {
+        Test72Value vt = new Test72Value();
+        return vt.get();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test72")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test72_verifier() {
+        int result = test72();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, 0);
+    }
+
+    // Tests for loading/storing unknown values
+    @Test
+    public Object test73(Object[] va) {
+        return va[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test73")
+    public void test73_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = (MyValue1)test73(testValue1Array);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1Array[0], vt);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test74(Object[] va, Object vt) {
+        va[0] = vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test74")
+    public void test74_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        test74(va, testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(va[0], testValue1);
+    }
+
+    // Verify that mixing instances and arrays with the clone api
+    // doesn't break anything
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public Object test75(Object o) {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        Object[] next = va;
+        Object[] arr = va;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            arr = next;
+            next = new NonValueClass[1];
+        }
+        return arr[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test75")
+    public void test75_verifier() {
+        test75(42);
+    }
+
+    // Casting an NonValueClass to a inline type should throw a ClassCastException
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValue1 test77_helper(Object o) {
+        return (MyValue1)o;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public MyValue1 test77(NonValueClass obj) throws Throwable {
+        return test77_helper(obj);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test77")
+    public void test77_verifier() throws Throwable {
+        try {
+            test77(new NonValueClass(42));
+            throw new RuntimeException("ClassCastException expected");
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            // Expected
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test77 failed: unexpected exception", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Casting a null NonValueClass to a nullable inline type should not throw
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValue1 test78_helper(Object o) {
+        return (MyValue1)o;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public MyValue1 test78(NonValueClass obj) throws Throwable {
+        return test78_helper(obj);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test78")
+    public void test78_verifier() throws Throwable {
+        try {
+            test78(null); // Should not throw
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test78 failed: unexpected exception", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Casting an NonValueClass to a nullable inline type should throw a ClassCastException
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValue1 test79_helper(Object o) {
+        return (MyValue1)o;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public MyValue1 test79(NonValueClass obj) throws Throwable {
+        return test79_helper(obj);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test79")
+    public void test79_verifier() throws Throwable {
+        try {
+            test79(new NonValueClass(42));
+            throw new RuntimeException("ClassCastException expected");
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            // Expected
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test79 failed: unexpected exception", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test flattened field with non-flattened (but flattenable) inline type field
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Small {
+        int i;
+        @NullRestricted
+        Big big; // Too big to be flattened
+
+        private Small() {
+            i = rI;
+            big = new Big();
+        }
+
+        private Small(int i, Big big) {
+            this.i = i;
+            this.big = big;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Big {
+        long l0,l1,l2,l3,l4,l5,l6,l7,l8,l9;
+        long l10,l11,l12,l13,l14,l15,l16,l17,l18,l19;
+        long l20,l21,l22,l23,l24,l25,l26,l27,l28,l29;
+
+        private Big() {
+            l0 = l1 = l2 = l3 = l4 = l5 = l6 = l7 = l8 = l9 = rL;
+            l10 = l11 = l12 = l13 = l14 = l15 = l16 = l17 = l18 = l19 = rL+1;
+            l20 = l21 = l22 = l23 = l24 = l25 = l26 = l27 = l28 = l29 = rL+2;
+        }
+
+        private Big(long l) {
+            l0 = l1 = l2 = l3 = l4 = l5 = l6 = l7 = l8 = l9 = l10 =
+            l11 = l12 = l13 = l14 = l15 = l16 = l17 = l18 = l19 = l20 =
+            l21 = l22 = l23 = l24 = l25 = l26 = l27 = l28 = l29 = 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    Small small;
+    @NullRestricted
+    Small smallDefault;
+    @NullRestricted
+    Big big;
+    @NullRestricted
+    Big bigDefault;
+
+    @Test
+    public long test80() {
+        return small.i + small.big.l0 + smallDefault.i + smallDefault.big.l29 + big.l0 + bigDefault.l29;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test80")
+    public void test80_verifier() throws Throwable {
+        long result = test80();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, rI + 2*rL);
+    }
+
+    // Test scalarization with exceptional control flow
+    public int test81Callee(MyValue1 vt)  {
+        return vt.x;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public int test81()  {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        int result = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            try {
+                result += test81Callee(vt);
+            } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+                result += rI;
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test81")
+    public void test81_verifier() {
+        int result = test81();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, 10*rI);
+    }
+
+    // Test check for null free array when storing to inline type array
+    @Test
+    public void test82(Object[] dst, Object v) {
+        dst[0] = v;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test82")
+    public void test82_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2[] dst = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 1, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        test82(dst, testValue2);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            try {
+                test82(dst, null);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No ArrayStoreException thrown");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public void test83(Object[] dst, Object v, boolean flag) {
+        if (dst == null) { // null check
+        }
+        if (flag) {
+            if (dst.getClass() == MyValue1[].class) { // trigger split if
+            }
+        } else {
+            dst = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 1, MyValue2.DEFAULT); // constant null free property
+        }
+        dst[0] = v;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test83")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test83_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2[] dst = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 1, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        test83(dst, testValue2, false);
+        test83(dst, testValue2, true);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            try {
+                test83(dst, null, true);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No ArrayStoreException thrown");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void rerun_and_recompile_for(Method m, int num, Runnable test) {
+        for (int i = 1; i < num; i++) {
+            test.run();
+
+            if (!TestFramework.isCompiled(m)) {
+                TestFramework.compile(m, CompLevel.C2);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Tests for the Loop Unswitching optimization
+    // Should make 2 copies of the loop, one for non flattened arrays, one for other cases.
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        counts = {COUNTED_LOOP_MAIN, "= 2"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "false"},
+        counts = {COUNTED_LOOP_MAIN, "= 1"})
+    public void test84(Object[] src, Object[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test84")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test84_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2[] src = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 100, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        Arrays.fill(src, testValue2);
+        MyValue2[] dst = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 100, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        rerun_and_recompile_for(info.getTest(), 10,
+                                () ->  { test84(src, dst);
+                                         Asserts.assertTrue(Arrays.equals(src, dst)); });
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        counts = {COUNTED_LOOP, "= 2", LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 1"},
+        // Match on PHASEIDEALLOOP2 before load_unknown_inline gets duplicated in pre/main/post
+        phase = {CompilePhase.PHASEIDEALLOOP2})
+    public void test85(Object[] src, Object[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test85")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test85_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Object[] src = new Object[100];
+        Arrays.fill(src, new Object());
+        src[0] = null;
+        Object[] dst = new Object[100];
+        rerun_and_recompile_for(info.getTest(), 10,
+                                () -> { test85(src, dst);
+                                        Asserts.assertTrue(Arrays.equals(src, dst)); });
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        counts = {COUNTED_LOOP_MAIN, "= 2"})
+    public void test86(Object[] src, Object[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test86")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test86_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2[] src = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 100, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        Arrays.fill(src, testValue2);
+        Object[] dst = new Object[100];
+        rerun_and_recompile_for(info.getTest(), 10,
+                                () -> { test86(src, dst);
+                                        Asserts.assertTrue(Arrays.equals(src, dst)); });
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        counts = {COUNTED_LOOP_MAIN, "= 2"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "false"},
+        counts = {COUNTED_LOOP_MAIN, "= 1"})
+    public void test87(Object[] src, Object[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test87")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test87_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Object[] src = new Object[100];
+        Arrays.fill(src, testValue2);
+        MyValue2[] dst = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 100, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+
+        rerun_and_recompile_for(info.getTest(), 10,
+                                () -> { test87(src, dst);
+                                        Asserts.assertTrue(Arrays.equals(src, dst)); });
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        counts = {COUNTED_LOOP_MAIN, "= 2"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "false"},
+        counts = {COUNTED_LOOP_MAIN, "= 0"})
+    public void test88(Object[] src1, Object[] dst1, Object[] src2, Object[] dst2) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src1.length; i++) {
+            dst1[i] = src1[i];
+            dst2[i] = src2[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test88")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test88_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2[] src1 = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 100, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        Arrays.fill(src1, testValue2);
+        MyValue2[] dst1 = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 100, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        Object[] src2 = new Object[100];
+        Arrays.fill(src2, new Object());
+        Object[] dst2 = new Object[100];
+
+        rerun_and_recompile_for(info.getTest(), 10,
+                                () -> { test88(src1, dst1, src2, dst2);
+                                        Asserts.assertTrue(Arrays.equals(src1, dst1));
+                                        Asserts.assertTrue(Arrays.equals(src2, dst2)); });
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public boolean test89(Object obj) {
+        return obj.getClass() == NonValueClass.class;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test89")
+    public void test89_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test89(new NonValueClass(42)));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test89(new Object()));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public NonValueClass test90(Object obj) {
+        return (NonValueClass)obj;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test90")
+    public void test90_verifier() {
+        test90(new NonValueClass(42));
+        try {
+            test90(new Object());
+            throw new RuntimeException("ClassCastException expected");
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public boolean test91(Object obj) {
+        return obj.getClass() == MyValue2[].class;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test91")
+    public void test91_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test91((MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 1, MyValue2.DEFAULT)));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test91(new MyValue2[1]));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test91(new Object()));
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test92Value {
+        int field;
+
+        public Test92Value() {
+            field = 0x42;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8355382 The optimization only applies to null-free, flat arrays
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true", "UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening", "false"},
+        counts = {CLASS_CHECK_TRAP, "= 2"},
+        failOn = {LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, ALLOC, MEMBAR})
+    public Object test92(Object[] array) {
+        // Dummy loops to ensure we run enough passes of split if
+        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
+                for (int k = 0; k < 2; k++) {
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return (NonValueClass)array[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test92")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test92_verifier() {
+        Object[] array = new Object[1];
+        Object obj = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        array[0] = obj;
+        Object result = test92(array);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, obj);
+    }
+
+    // If the class check succeeds, the flattened array check that
+    // precedes will never succeed and the flat array branch should
+    // trigger an uncommon trap.
+    @Test
+    public Object test93(Object[] array) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
+            }
+        }
+
+        return (NonValueClass)array[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test93")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test93_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Object[] array = new Object[1];
+            array[0] = new NonValueClass(42);
+            Object result = test93(array);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(((NonValueClass)result).x, 42);
+        } else {
+            Object[] array = (Test92Value[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Test92Value.class, 1, new Test92Value());
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            int extra = 3;
+            for (int j = 0; j < extra; j++) {
+                for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+                    try {
+                        test93(array);
+                    } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
+                    }
+                }
+                boolean compiled = TestFramework.isCompiled(m);
+                boolean compilationSkipped = info.isCompilationSkipped();
+                Asserts.assertTrue(compilationSkipped || compiled || (j != extra-1));
+                if (!compilationSkipped && !compiled) {
+                    TestFramework.compile(m, CompLevel.ANY);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8355382 The optimization only applies to null-free, flat arrays
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true", "UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening", "false"},
+        counts = {CLASS_CHECK_TRAP, "= 2", LOOP, "= 1"},
+        failOn = {LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, ALLOC, MEMBAR})
+    public int test94(Object[] array) {
+        int res = 0;
+        for (int i = 1; i < 4; i *= 2) {
+            Object v = array[i];
+            res += ((NonValueClass)v).x;
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test94")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test94_verifier() {
+        Object[] array = new Object[4];
+        Object obj = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        array[0] = obj;
+        array[1] = obj;
+        array[2] = obj;
+        array[3] = obj;
+        int result = test94(array);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, rI * 2);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public boolean test95(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1 == o2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test95")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test95_verifier() {
+        Object o1 = new Object();
+        Object o2 = new Object();
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test95(o1, o1));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test95(null, null));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test95(o1, null));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test95(o1, o2));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public boolean test96(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1 == o2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test96")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test96_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Object o1 = new Object();
+        Object o2 = new Object();
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test96(o1, o1));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test96(o1, o2));
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(test96(null, null));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(test96(o1, null));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Abstract class tests
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyAbstract test97_dontinline1(MyAbstract o) {
+        return o;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyValue1 test97_dontinline2(MyAbstract o) {
+        return (MyValue1)o;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyAbstract test97_inline1(MyAbstract o) {
+        return o;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValue1 test97_inline2(MyAbstract o) {
+        return (MyValue1)o;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1 test97() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        vt = (MyValue1)test97_dontinline1(vt);
+        vt =           test97_dontinline2(vt);
+        vt = (MyValue1)test97_inline1(vt);
+        vt =           test97_inline2(vt);
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test97")
+    public void test97_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test97().hash(), hash());
+    }
+
+    // Test storing/loading inline types to/from abstract and inline type fields
+    MyAbstract abstractField1 = null;
+    MyAbstract abstractField2 = null;
+    MyAbstract abstractField3 = null;
+    MyAbstract abstractField4 = null;
+    MyAbstract abstractField5 = null;
+    MyAbstract abstractField6 = null;
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyAbstract readValueField5AsAbstract() {
+        return (MyAbstract)valueField5;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyAbstract readStaticValueField4AsAbstract() {
+        return (MyAbstract)staticValueField4;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public long test98(MyValue1 vt1, MyAbstract vt2) {
+        abstractField1 = vt1;
+        abstractField2 = (MyValue1)vt2;
+        abstractField3 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        abstractField4 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        abstractField5 = valueField1;
+        abstractField6 = valueField3;
+        valueField1 = (MyValue1)abstractField1;
+        valueField2 = (MyValue1)vt2;
+        valueField3 = (MyValue1)vt2;
+        staticValueField1 = (MyValue1)abstractField1;
+        staticValueField2 = (MyValue1)vt1;
+        // Don't inline these methods because reading NULL will trigger a deoptimization
+        if (readValueField5AsAbstract() != null || readStaticValueField4AsAbstract() != null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should be null");
+        }
+        return ((MyValue1)abstractField1).hash() + ((MyValue1)abstractField2).hash() +
+               ((MyValue1)abstractField3).hash() + ((MyValue1)abstractField4).hash() +
+               ((MyValue1)abstractField5).hash() + ((MyValue1)abstractField6).hash() +
+                valueField1.hash() + valueField2.hash() + valueField3.hash() + valueField4.hashPrimitive() +
+                staticValueField1.hash() + staticValueField2.hash() + staticValueField3.hashPrimitive();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test98")
+    public void test98_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = testValue1;
+        MyValue1 def = MyValue1.createDefaultDontInline();
+        long result = test98(vt, vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, 11*vt.hash() + 2*def.hashPrimitive());
+    }
+
+    value class MyObject2 extends MyAbstract {
+        public int x;
+
+        public MyObject2(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public long hash() {
+            return x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test merging inline types and abstract classes
+    @Test
+    public MyAbstract test99(int state) {
+        MyAbstract res = null;
+        if (state == 0) {
+            res = new MyObject2(rI);
+        } else if (state == 1) {
+            res = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        } else if (state == 2) {
+            res = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        } else if (state == 3) {
+            res = (MyValue1)objectField1;
+        } else if (state == 4) {
+            res = valueField1;
+        } else if (state == 5) {
+            res = null;
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test99")
+    public void test99_verifier() {
+        objectField1 = valueField1;
+        MyAbstract result = null;
+        result = test99(0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(((MyObject2)result).x, rI);
+        result = test99(1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(((MyValue1)result).hash(), hash());
+        result = test99(2);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(((MyValue1)result).hash(), hash());
+        result = test99(3);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(((MyValue1)result).hash(), hash());
+        result = test99(4);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(((MyValue1)result).hash(), hash());
+        result = test99(5);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, null);
+    }
+
+    // Test merging inline types and abstract classes in loops
+    @Test
+    public MyAbstract test100(int iters) {
+        MyAbstract res = new MyObject2(rI);
+        for (int i = 0; i < iters; ++i) {
+            if (res instanceof MyObject2) {
+                res = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+            } else {
+                res = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(((MyValue1)res).x + 1, rL);
+            }
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test100")
+    public void test100_verifier() {
+        MyObject2 result1 = (MyObject2)test100(0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result1.x, rI);
+        int iters = (Math.abs(rI) % 10) + 1;
+        MyValue1 result2 = (MyValue1)test100(iters);
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI + iters - 1, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, result2);
+    }
+
+    // Test inline types in abstract class variables that are live at safepoint
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, LOOP})
+    public long test101(MyValue1 arg, boolean deopt, Method m) {
+        MyAbstract vt1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyAbstract vt2 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        MyAbstract vt3 = arg;
+        MyAbstract vt4 = valueField1;
+        if (deopt) {
+            // uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return ((MyValue1)vt1).hash() + ((MyValue1)vt2).hash() +
+               ((MyValue1)vt3).hash() + ((MyValue1)vt4).hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test101")
+    public void test101_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        long result = test101(valueField1, !info.isWarmUp(), info.getTest());
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, 4*hash());
+    }
+
+    // Test comparing inline types with abstract classes
+    @Test
+    public boolean test102(Object arg) {
+        MyAbstract vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (vt == arg || vt == (MyAbstract)valueField1 || vt == abstractField1 || vt == null ||
+            arg == vt || (MyAbstract)valueField1 == vt || abstractField1 == vt || null == vt) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test102")
+    public void test102_verifier() {
+        boolean result = test102(null);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(result);
+    }
+
+    // An abstract class with a non-static field can never be implemented by an inline type
+    abstract class NoValueImplementors1 {
+        int field = 42;
+    }
+
+    class MyObject3 extends NoValueImplementors1 {
+
+    }
+
+    class MyObject4 extends NoValueImplementors1 {
+
+    }
+
+    // Loading from an abstract class array does not require a flatness check if the abstract class has a non-static field
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, MEMBAR, LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD})
+    public NoValueImplementors1 test103(NoValueImplementors1[] array, int i) {
+        return array[i];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test103")
+    public void test103_verifier() {
+        NoValueImplementors1[] array1 = new NoValueImplementors1[3];
+        MyObject3[] array2 = new MyObject3[3];
+        MyObject4[] array3 = new MyObject4[3];
+        NoValueImplementors1 result = test103(array1, 0);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, array1[0]);
+
+        result = test103(array2, 1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, array1[1]);
+
+        result = test103(array3, 2);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, array1[2]);
+    }
+
+    // Storing to an abstract class array does not require a flatness/null check if the abstract class has a non-static field
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD})
+    public NoValueImplementors1 test104(NoValueImplementors1[] array, NoValueImplementors1 v, MyObject3 o, int i) {
+        array[0] = v;
+        array[1] = array[0];
+        array[2] = o;
+        return array[i];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test104")
+    public void test104_verifier() {
+        MyObject4 v = new MyObject4();
+        MyObject3 o = new MyObject3();
+        NoValueImplementors1[] array1 = new NoValueImplementors1[3];
+        MyObject3[] array2 = new MyObject3[3];
+        MyObject4[] array3 = new MyObject4[3];
+        NoValueImplementors1 result = test104(array1, v, o, 0);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[0], v);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[1], v);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[2], o);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, v);
+
+        result = test104(array2, o, o, 1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array2[0], o);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array2[1], o);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array2[2], o);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, o);
+
+        result = test104(array3, v, null, 1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array3[0], v);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array3[1], v);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array3[2], null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, v);
+    }
+
+    // An abstract class with a single, non-inline implementor
+    abstract class NoValueImplementors2 {
+
+    }
+
+    class MyObject5 extends NoValueImplementors2 {
+
+    }
+
+    // Loading from an abstract class array does not require a flatness check if the abstract class has no inline implementor
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, MEMBAR, LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD})
+    public NoValueImplementors2 test105(NoValueImplementors2[] array, int i) {
+        return array[i];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test105")
+    public void test105_verifier() {
+        NoValueImplementors2[] array1 = new NoValueImplementors2[3];
+        MyObject5[] array2 = new MyObject5[3];
+        NoValueImplementors2 result = test105(array1, 0);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, array1[0]);
+
+        result = test105(array2, 1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, array1[1]);
+    }
+
+    // Storing to an abstract class array does not require a flatness/null check if the abstract class has no inline implementor
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD})
+    public NoValueImplementors2 test106(NoValueImplementors2[] array, NoValueImplementors2 v, MyObject5 o, int i) {
+        array[0] = v;
+        array[1] = array[0];
+        array[2] = o;
+        return array[i];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test106")
+    public void test106_verifier() {
+        MyObject5 v = new MyObject5();
+        NoValueImplementors2[] array1 = new NoValueImplementors2[3];
+        MyObject5[] array2 = new MyObject5[3];
+        NoValueImplementors2 result = test106(array1, v, null, 0);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[0], v);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[1], v);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[2], null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, v);
+
+        result = test106(array2, v, v, 1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array2[0], v);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array2[1], v);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array2[2], v);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, v);
+    }
+
+    // More tests for the Loop Unswitching optimization (similar to test84 and following)
+    Object oFld1, oFld2;
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        failOn = {STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD},
+        counts = {COUNTED_LOOP, "= 2", LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 2"},
+         // Match on CCP since we are removing one of the unswitched loop versions later due to being empty
+        phase = {CompilePhase.CCP1})
+    public void test107(Object[] src1, Object[] src2) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src1.length; i++) {
+            oFld1 = src1[i];
+            oFld2 = src2[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test107")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test107_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2[] src1 = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 100, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        Arrays.fill(src1, testValue2);
+        Object[] src2 = new Object[100];
+        Object obj = new Object();
+        Arrays.fill(src2, obj);
+        rerun_and_recompile_for(info.getTest(), 10,
+                                () -> { test107(src1, src2);
+                                        Asserts.assertEquals(oFld1, testValue2);
+                                        Asserts.assertEquals(oFld2, obj);
+                                        test107(src2, src1);
+                                        Asserts.assertEquals(oFld1, obj);
+                                        Asserts.assertEquals(oFld2, testValue2);  });
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        failOn = {LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD},
+        counts = {COUNTED_LOOP, "= 4", STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 9"})
+    public void test108(Object[] dst1, Object[] dst2, Object o1, Object o2) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst1.length; i++) {
+            dst1[i] = o1;
+            dst2[i] = o2;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test108")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test108_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2[] dst1 = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 100, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        Object[] dst2 = new Object[100];
+        Object o1 = new Object();
+        rerun_and_recompile_for(info.getTest(), 10,
+                                () -> { test108(dst1, dst2, testValue2, o1);
+                                        for (int i = 0; i < dst1.length; i++) {
+                                            Asserts.assertEquals(dst1[i], testValue2);
+                                            Asserts.assertEquals(dst2[i], o1);
+                                        }
+                                        test108(dst2, dst1, o1, testValue2);
+                                        for (int i = 0; i < dst1.length; i++) {
+                                            Asserts.assertEquals(dst1[i], testValue2);
+                                            Asserts.assertEquals(dst2[i], o1);
+                                        } });
+    }
+
+    // Escape analysis tests
+
+    static interface WrapperInterface {
+        long value();
+
+        final static WrapperInterface ZERO = new LongWrapper(0);
+
+        @ForceInline
+        static WrapperInterface wrap(long val) {
+            return (val == 0L) ? ZERO : new LongWrapper(val);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceCompileClassInitializer
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class LongWrapper implements WrapperInterface {
+        @NullRestricted
+        final static LongWrapper ZERO = new LongWrapper(0);
+        private long val;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        LongWrapper(long val) {
+            this.val = val;
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        static LongWrapper wrap(long val) {
+            return (val == 0L) ? ZERO : new LongWrapper(val);
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public long value() {
+            return val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class InterfaceBox {
+        WrapperInterface content;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        InterfaceBox(WrapperInterface content) {
+            this.content = content;
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        static InterfaceBox box_sharp(long val) {
+            return new InterfaceBox(LongWrapper.wrap(val));
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        static InterfaceBox box(long val) {
+            return new InterfaceBox(WrapperInterface.wrap(val));
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class ObjectBox {
+        Object content;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        ObjectBox(Object content) {
+            this.content = content;
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        static ObjectBox box_sharp(long val) {
+            return new ObjectBox(LongWrapper.wrap(val));
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        static ObjectBox box(long val) {
+            return new ObjectBox(WrapperInterface.wrap(val));
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class RefBox {
+        LongWrapper content;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        RefBox(LongWrapper content) {
+            this.content = content;
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        static RefBox box_sharp(long val) {
+            return new RefBox(LongWrapper.wrap(val));
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        static RefBox box(long val) {
+            return new RefBox((LongWrapper)WrapperInterface.wrap(val));
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class InlineBox {
+        @NullRestricted
+        LongWrapper content;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        InlineBox(long val) {
+            this.content = LongWrapper.wrap(val);
+            super();
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        static InlineBox box(long val) {
+            return new InlineBox(val);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class GenericBox<T> {
+        T content;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        static GenericBox<LongWrapper> box_sharp(long val) {
+            GenericBox<LongWrapper> res = new GenericBox<>();
+            res.content = LongWrapper.wrap(val);
+            return res;
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        static GenericBox<WrapperInterface> box(long val) {
+            GenericBox<WrapperInterface> res = new GenericBox<>();
+            res.content = WrapperInterface.wrap(val);
+            return res;
+        }
+    }
+
+    long[] lArr = {0L, rL, 0L, rL, 0L, rL, 0L, rL, 0L, rL};
+
+    // Test removal of allocations when inline type instance is wrapped into box object
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, MEMBAR},
+        counts = {PREDICATE_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    public long test109() {
+        long res = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < lArr.length; i++) {
+            res += InterfaceBox.box(lArr[i]).content.value();
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test109")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure interface calls are inlined
+    public void test109_verifier() {
+        long res = test109();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, 5*rL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, MEMBAR},
+        counts = {PREDICATE_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, MEMBAR})
+    public long test109_sharp() {
+        long res = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < lArr.length; i++) {
+            res += InterfaceBox.box_sharp(lArr[i]).content.value();
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test109_sharp")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure interface calls are inlined
+    public void test109_sharp_verifier() {
+        long res = test109_sharp();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, 5*rL);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test109 but with ObjectBox
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, MEMBAR},
+        counts = {PREDICATE_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    public long test110() {
+        long res = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < lArr.length; i++) {
+            res += ((WrapperInterface)ObjectBox.box(lArr[i]).content).value();
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test110")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure interface calls are inlined
+    public void test110_verifier() {
+        long res = test110();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, 5*rL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, MEMBAR},
+        counts = {PREDICATE_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, MEMBAR})
+    public long test110_sharp() {
+        long res = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < lArr.length; i++) {
+            res += ((WrapperInterface)ObjectBox.box_sharp(lArr[i]).content).value();
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test110_sharp")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure interface calls are inlined
+    public void test110_sharp_verifier() {
+        long res = test110_sharp();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, 5*rL);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test109 but with RefBox
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, MEMBAR},
+        counts = {PREDICATE_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    public long test111() {
+        long res = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < lArr.length; i++) {
+            res += RefBox.box(lArr[i]).content.value();
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test111")
+    public void test111_verifier() {
+        long res = test111();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, 5*rL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, MEMBAR},
+        counts = {PREDICATE_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    public long test111_sharp() {
+        long res = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < lArr.length; i++) {
+            res += RefBox.box_sharp(lArr[i]).content.value();
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test111_sharp")
+    public void test111_sharp_verifier() {
+        long res = test111_sharp();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, 5*rL);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test109 but with InlineBox
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, MEMBAR},
+        counts = {PREDICATE_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    public long test112() {
+        long res = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < lArr.length; i++) {
+            res += InlineBox.box(lArr[i]).content.value();
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test112")
+    public void test112_verifier() {
+        long res = test112();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, 5*rL);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test109 but with GenericBox
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, MEMBAR},
+        counts = {PREDICATE_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    public long test113() {
+        long res = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < lArr.length; i++) {
+            res += GenericBox.box(lArr[i]).content.value();
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test113")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure interface calls are inlined
+    public void test113_verifier() {
+        long res = test113();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, 5*rL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, MEMBAR},
+        counts = {PREDICATE_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    public long test113_sharp() {
+        long res = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < lArr.length; i++) {
+            res += GenericBox.box_sharp(lArr[i]).content.value();
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test113_sharp")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure interface calls are inlined
+    public void test113_sharp_verifier() {
+        long res = test113_sharp();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, 5*rL);
+    }
+
+    static interface WrapperInterface2 {
+        public long value();
+
+        static final InlineWrapper ZERO = new InlineWrapper(0);
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public static WrapperInterface2 wrap(long val) {
+            return (val == 0) ? ZERO.content : new LongWrapper2(val);
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public static WrapperInterface2 wrap_dynamic(long val) {
+            return (val == 0) ? new LongWrapper2(0) : new LongWrapper2(val);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class LongWrapper2 implements WrapperInterface2 {
+        private long val;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public LongWrapper2(long val) {
+            this.val = val;
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public long value() {
+            return val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class InlineWrapper {
+        WrapperInterface2 content;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public InlineWrapper(long val) {
+            content = new LongWrapper2(val);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class InterfaceBox2 {
+        WrapperInterface2 content;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public InterfaceBox2(long val, boolean def) {
+            this.content = def ? WrapperInterface2.wrap_dynamic(val) : WrapperInterface2.wrap(val);
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        static InterfaceBox2 box(long val) {
+            return new InterfaceBox2(val, false);
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        static InterfaceBox2 box_dynamic(long val) {
+            return new InterfaceBox2(val, true);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as tests above but with ZERO hidden in field of another inline type
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, MEMBAR},
+        counts = {PREDICATE_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    public long test114() {
+        long res = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < lArr.length; i++) {
+            res += InterfaceBox2.box(lArr[i]).content.value();
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test114")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test114_verifier() {
+        long res = test114();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, 5*rL);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test114 but with dynamic instead of constant ZERO field
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, MEMBAR},
+        counts = {PREDICATE_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    public long test115() {
+        long res = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < lArr.length; i++) {
+            res += InterfaceBox2.box_dynamic(lArr[i]).content.value();
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test115")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test115_verifier() {
+        long res = test115();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, 5*rL);
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    static MyValueEmpty fEmpty1 = new MyValueEmpty();
+    static MyValueEmpty fEmpty2 = new MyValueEmpty();
+    @NullRestricted
+           MyValueEmpty fEmpty3;
+           MyValueEmpty fEmpty4 = new MyValueEmpty();
+
+    // Test fields loads/stores with empty inline types
+    @Test
+    public void test116() {
+        fEmpty1 = fEmpty4;
+        fEmpty2 = fEmpty1;
+        fEmpty3 = fEmpty2;
+        fEmpty4 = fEmpty3;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test116")
+    public void test116_verifier() {
+        test116();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(fEmpty1, fEmpty2);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(fEmpty2, fEmpty3);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(fEmpty3, fEmpty4);
+    }
+
+    // Test array loads/stores with empty inline types
+    @Test
+    public MyValueEmpty test117(MyValueEmpty[] arr1, MyValueEmpty[] arr2) {
+        arr1[0] = arr2[0];
+        arr2[0] = new MyValueEmpty();
+        return arr1[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test117")
+    public void test117_verifier() {
+        MyValueEmpty[] arr1 = new MyValueEmpty[] { new MyValueEmpty() };
+        MyValueEmpty res = test117(arr1, arr1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, new MyValueEmpty());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(arr1[0], new MyValueEmpty());
+    }
+
+    // Test acmp with empty inline types
+    @Test
+    public boolean test118(MyValueEmpty v1, MyValueEmpty v2, Object o1) {
+        return (v1 == v2) && (v2 == o1);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test118")
+    public void test118_verifier() {
+        boolean res = test118(new MyValueEmpty(), new MyValueEmpty(), new MyValueEmpty());
+        Asserts.assertTrue(res);
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class EmptyContainer {
+        @NullRestricted
+        private MyValueEmpty empty = new MyValueEmpty();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MixedContainer {
+        public int val = 0;
+        @NullRestricted
+        private EmptyContainer empty = new EmptyContainer();
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    static final MyValueEmpty empty = new MyValueEmpty();
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    static final EmptyContainer emptyC = new EmptyContainer();
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    static final MixedContainer mixedContainer = new MixedContainer();
+
+    // Test re-allocation of empty inline type array during deoptimization
+    @Test
+    public void test119(boolean deopt, Method m) {
+        MyValueEmpty[]   array1 = new MyValueEmpty[] { empty, null };
+        EmptyContainer[] array2 = (EmptyContainer[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(EmptyContainer.class, 1, emptyC);
+        array2[0] = emptyC;
+        MixedContainer[] array3 = (MixedContainer[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MixedContainer.class, 1, mixedContainer);
+        array3[0] = mixedContainer;
+        if (deopt) {
+            // uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[0], empty);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array1[1], null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array2[0], emptyC);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array3[0], mixedContainer);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test119")
+    public void test119_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test119(!info.isWarmUp(), info.getTest());
+    }
+
+    // Test optimization of empty inline type field stores
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, NULL_CHECK_TRAP, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public void test120() {
+        fEmpty1 = empty;
+        fEmpty3 = empty;
+        // fEmpty2 and fEmpty4 could be null, store can't be removed
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test120")
+    public void test120_verifier() {
+        test120();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(fEmpty1, empty);
+    }
+
+    // Test removal of empty inline type field loads
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, FIELD_ACCESS, NULL_CHECK_TRAP, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public boolean test121() {
+        return fEmpty1.equals(fEmpty3);
+        // fEmpty2 and fEmpty4 could be null, load can't be removed
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test121")
+    public void test121_verifier() {
+        boolean res = test121();
+        Asserts.assertTrue(res);
+    }
+
+    // Verify that empty inline type field loads check for null holder
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public MyValueEmpty test122(TestLWorld t) {
+        return t.fEmpty3;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test122")
+    public void test122_verifier() {
+        MyValueEmpty res = test122(this);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, new MyValueEmpty());
+        try {
+            test122(null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Verify that empty inline type field stores check for null holder
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public void test123(TestLWorld t) {
+        t.fEmpty3 = new MyValueEmpty();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test123")
+    public void test123_verifier() {
+        test123(this);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(fEmpty3, new MyValueEmpty());
+        try {
+            test123(null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // acmp doesn't need substitutability test when one input is known
+    // not to be a value type
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    public boolean test124(NonValueClass o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1 == o2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test124")
+    public void test124_verifier() {
+        NonValueClass obj = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        test124(obj, obj);
+        test124(obj, testValue1);
+    }
+
+    // acmp doesn't need substitutability test when one input is null
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    public boolean test125(Object o1) {
+        Object o2 = null;
+        return o1 == o2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test125")
+    public void test125_verifier() {
+        test125(testValue1);
+        test125(null);
+    }
+
+    // Test inline type that can only be scalarized after loop opts
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test126(boolean trap) {
+        MyValue2 nonNull = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        MyValue2 val = null;
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+            if ((i % 2) == 0) {
+                val = nonNull;
+            }
+        }
+        // 'val' is always non-null here but that's only known after loop opts
+        if (trap) {
+            // Uncommon trap with an inline input that can only be scalarized after loop opts
+            return val.hash();
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test126")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test126_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        long res = test126(false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, 0L);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            res = test126(true);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue2.hash());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test126 but with interface type
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test127(boolean trap) {
+        MyValue2 nonNull = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        MyInterface val = null;
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+            if ((i % 2) == 0) {
+                val = nonNull;
+            }
+        }
+        // 'val' is always non-null here but that's only known after loop opts
+        if (trap) {
+            // Uncommon trap with an inline input that can only be scalarized after loop opts
+            return val.hash();
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test127")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test127_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        long res = test127(false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, 0L);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            res = test127(true);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue2.hash());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test inline type that can only be scalarized after CCP
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test128(boolean trap) {
+        MyValue2 nonNull = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        MyValue2 val = null;
+
+        int limit = 2;
+        for (; limit < 4; limit *= 2);
+        for (int i = 2; i < limit; i++) {
+            val = nonNull;
+        }
+        // 'val' is always non-null here but that's only known after CCP
+        if (trap) {
+            // Uncommon trap with an inline input that can only be scalarized after CCP
+            return val.hash();
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test128")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test128_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        long res = test128(false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, 0L);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            res = test128(true);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue2.hash());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test128 but with interface type
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test129(boolean trap) {
+        MyValue2 nonNull = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        MyInterface val = null;
+
+        int limit = 2;
+        for (; limit < 4; limit *= 2);
+        for (int i = 0; i < limit; i++) {
+            val = nonNull;
+        }
+        // 'val' is always non-null here but that's only known after CCP
+        if (trap) {
+            // Uncommon trap with an inline input that can only be scalarized after CCP
+            return val.hash();
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test129")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test129_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        long res = test129(false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, 0L);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            res = test129(true);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue2.hash());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Lock on inline type (known after inlining)
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test130_inlinee() {
+        return MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS},
+        // LockNode keeps MyValue1 allocation alive up until macro expansion which in turn keeps MyValue2
+        // alloc alive. Although the MyValue1 allocation is removed (unused), MyValue2 is expanded first
+        // and therefore stays.
+        counts = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "<= 1", STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, "<= 1"})
+    public void test130() {
+        Object obj = test130_inlinee();
+        synchronized (obj) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test130 failed: synchronization on inline type should not succeed");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test130")
+    public void test130_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test130();
+            throw new RuntimeException("test130 failed: no exception thrown");
+        } catch (IdentityException ex) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test130 but with field load instead of allocation
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test131_inlinee() {
+        return testValue1;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public void test131() {
+        Object obj = test131_inlinee();
+        synchronized (obj) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test131 failed: synchronization on inline type should not succeed");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test131")
+    public void test131_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test131();
+            throw new RuntimeException("test131 failed: no exception thrown");
+        } catch (IdentityException ex) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test locking on object that is known to be an inline type only after CCP
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public void test132() {
+        MyValue2 vt = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        Object obj = new NonValueClass(42);
+
+        int limit = 2;
+        for (; limit < 4; limit *= 2);
+        for (int i = 2; i < limit; i++) {
+            obj = vt;
+        }
+        synchronized (obj) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test132 failed: synchronization on inline type should not succeed");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test132")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test132_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test132();
+            throw new RuntimeException("test132 failed: no exception thrown");
+        } catch (IdentityException ex) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test conditional locking on inline type and non-escaping object
+    @Test
+    public void test133(boolean b) {
+        Object obj = b ? new NonValueClass(rI) : MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        synchronized (obj) {
+            if (!b) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("test133 failed: synchronization on inline type should not succeed");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test133")
+    public void test133_verifier() {
+        test133(true);
+        try {
+            test133(false);
+            throw new RuntimeException("test133 failed: no exception thrown");
+        } catch (IdentityException ex) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Variant with non-scalarized inline type
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public void test134(boolean b) {
+        Object obj = null;
+        if (b) {
+            obj = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        }
+        synchronized (obj) {
+
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test134")
+    public void test134_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test134(true);
+            throw new RuntimeException("test134 failed: no exception thrown");
+        } catch (IdentityException ex) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test that acmp of the same inline object is removed
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, NULL_CHECK_TRAP, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public boolean test135() {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        return val == val;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test135")
+    public void test135_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test135());
+    }
+
+    // Same as test135 but with null
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, NULL_CHECK_TRAP, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public boolean test136(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b) {
+            val = null;
+        }
+        return val == val;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test136")
+    public void test136_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test136(false));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test136(true));
+    }
+
+    // Test that acmp of different inline objects with same content is removed
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, NULL_CHECK_TRAP, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    public boolean test137(int i) {
+        MyValue2 val1 = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(i, rD);
+        MyValue2 val2 = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(i, rD);
+        return val1 == val2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test137")
+    public void test137_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test137(rI));
+    }
+
+    // Same as test137 but with null
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, NULL_CHECK_TRAP, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    public boolean test138(int i, boolean b) {
+        MyValue2 val1 = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(i, rD);
+        MyValue2 val2 = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(i, rD);
+        if (b) {
+            val1 = null;
+            val2 = null;
+        }
+        return val1 == val2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test138")
+    public void test138_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test138(rI, false));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test138(rI, true));
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test139Value {
+        Object obj = null;
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValueEmpty empty = new MyValueEmpty();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test139Wrapper {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Test139Value value = new Test139Value();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC})
+    @IR(failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public MyValueEmpty test139() {
+        Test139Wrapper w = new Test139Wrapper();
+        return w.value.empty;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test139")
+    public void test139_verifier() {
+        MyValueEmpty empty = test139();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(empty, new MyValueEmpty());
+    }
+
+    // Test calling a method on a loaded but not linked inline type
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    value class Test140Value {
+        int x = 0;
+
+        public int get() {
+            return x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public int test140() {
+        Test140Value vt = new Test140Value();
+        return vt.get();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test140")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test140_verifier() {
+        int result = test140();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, 0);
+    }
+
+    // Test calling a method on a linked but not initialized inline type
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    value class Test141Value {
+        int x = 0;
+
+        public int get() {
+            return x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public int test141() {
+        Test141Value vt = new Test141Value();
+        return vt.get();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test141")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test141_verifier() {
+        int result = test141();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, 0);
+    }
+
+    // Test that virtual calls on inline type receivers are properly inlined
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test142() {
+        MyValue2 nonNull = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        MyInterface val = null;
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+            if ((i % 2) == 0) {
+                val = nonNull;
+            }
+        }
+        return val.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test142")
+    public void test142_verifier() {
+        long res = test142();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue2.hash());
+    }
+
+    // Test merging of buffered inline types
+    @Test
+    public Object test144(int i) {
+        if (i == 0) {
+            return MyValue1.createDefaultInline();
+        } else if (i == 1) {
+            return testValue1;
+        } else {
+            return MyValue1.createDefaultInline();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test144")
+    public void test144_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test144(0), MyValue1.createDefaultInline());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test144(1), testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test144(2), MyValue1.createDefaultInline());
+    }
+
+    // Tests writing an array element with a (statically known) incompatible type
+    private static final MethodHandle setArrayElementIncompatibleRef = InstructionHelper.buildMethodHandle(MethodHandles.lookup(),
+        "setArrayElementIncompatibleRef",
+        MethodType.methodType(void.class, TestLWorld.class, MyValue1[].class, int.class, MyValue2.class),
+        CODE -> {
+            CODE.
+            aload(1).
+            iload(2).
+            aload(3).
+            aastore().
+            return_();
+        });
+
+    // Test inline type connected to result node
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC})
+    public MyValue1 test146(Object obj) {
+        return (MyValue1)obj;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test146")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test146_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test146(testValue1), testValue1);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test148_helper(Object obj) {
+        return (MyValue1)obj;
+    }
+
+    // Same as test146 but with helper method
+    @Test
+    public Object test148(Object obj) {
+        return test148_helper(obj);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test148")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test148_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test148(testValue1), testValue1);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test149_helper(Object obj) {
+        return (MyValue1)obj;
+    }
+
+    // Same as test147 but with helper method
+    @Test
+    public Object test149(Object obj) {
+        return test149_helper(obj);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test149")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test149_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test149(testValue1), testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test149(null), null);
+    }
+
+    // Test post-parse call devirtualization with inline type receiver
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    @IR(failOn = {DYNAMIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "MyValue2::hash"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "MyValue2::hash", "= 1"})
+    public long test150() {
+        MyValue2 val = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        MyInterface receiver = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+            if ((i % 2) == 0) {
+                receiver = val;
+            }
+        }
+        // Trigger post parse call devirtualization (strength-reducing
+        // virtual calls to direct calls).
+        return receiver.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test150")
+    public void test150_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test150(), testValue2.hash());
+    }
+
+    // Same as test150 but with a real loop and val not being allocated in the scope of the method
+    @Test
+    // Dynamic call does not null check the receiver, so it cannot be strength reduced to a static
+    // call without an explicit null check
+    @IR(failOn = {DYNAMIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "MyValue2::hash"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "MyValue2::hash", "= 1"})
+    public long test151(MyValue2 val) {
+        val = Objects.requireNonNull(val);
+        MyAbstract receiver = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+            if ((i % 2) == 0) {
+                receiver = val;
+            }
+        }
+        // Trigger post parse call devirtualization (strength-reducing
+        // virtual calls to direct calls).
+        return receiver.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test151")
+    @Warmup(0) // Make sure there is no receiver type profile
+    public void test151_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test151(testValue2), testValue2.hash());
+    }
+
+    static interface MyInterface2 {
+        public int val();
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class MyAbstract2 implements MyInterface2 {
+
+    }
+
+    static class MyClass152 extends MyAbstract2 {
+        private int val;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public MyClass152(int val) {
+            this.val = val;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int val() {
+            return val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue152 extends MyAbstract2 {
+        private int unused = 0; // Make sure sub-offset of val is field non-zero
+        private int val;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public MyValue152(int val) {
+            this.val = val;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int val() {
+            return val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyWrapper152 {
+        private int unused = 0; // Make sure sub-offset of val field is non-zero
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue152 val;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public MyWrapper152(MyInterface2 val) {
+            this.val = (MyValue152)val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test that checkcast with speculative type does not break scalarization in return
+    @Test
+    public MyWrapper152 test152(MyInterface2 val) {
+        return new MyWrapper152(val);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test152")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure profile information is available at cast
+    public void test152_verifier() {
+        MyClass152 unused = new MyClass152(rI);
+        MyValue152 val = new MyValue152(rI);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test152(val).val, val);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    static void test153_helper(MyWrapper152 arg) {
+
+    }
+
+    // Test that checkcast with speculative type does not prevent scalarization in args
+    @Test
+    public void test153(MyInterface2 val) {
+        test153_helper(new MyWrapper152(val));
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test153")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure profile information is available at cast
+    public void test153_verifier() {
+        MyClass152 unused = new MyClass152(rI);
+        MyValue152 val = new MyValue152(rI);
+        test153(val);
+    }
+
+    // Test that checkcast with speculative type enables scalarization
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public int test154(Method m, MyInterface2 val, boolean b1, boolean b2) {
+        MyInterface2 obj = new MyValue152(rI);
+        if (b1) {
+            // Speculative cast to MyValue152 enables scalarization
+            obj = (MyAbstract2)val;
+        }
+        if (b2) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+            return obj.val();
+        }
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test154")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure profile information is available at cast
+    public void test154_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyClass152 unused = new MyClass152(rI);
+        MyValue152 val = new MyValue152(rI);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test154(info.getTest(), val, false, false), -1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test154(info.getTest(), val, true, false), -1);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test154(info.getTest(), val, false, true), rI);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test154 but with null val
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public int test155(Method m, MyInterface2 val, boolean b1, boolean b2) {
+        MyInterface2 obj = new MyValue152(rI);
+        if (b1) {
+            // Speculative cast to MyValue152 enables scalarization
+            obj = (MyAbstract2)val;
+        }
+        if (b2) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+            return obj.val();
+        }
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test155")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure profile information is available at cast
+    public void test155_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyClass152 unused = new MyClass152(rI);
+        MyValue152 val = new MyValue152(rI);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test155(info.getTest(), val, false, false), -1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test155(info.getTest(), val, true, false), -1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test155(info.getTest(), null, true, false), -1);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test155(info.getTest(), val, false, true), rI);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    final static MyValue1 test157Cache = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, 0);
+
+    // Test merging buffered inline type from field load with non-buffered inline type
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1 test157(long val) {
+        return (val == 0L) ? test157Cache : MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, val);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test157")
+    public void test157_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test157Cache, test157(0));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, test157(rL));
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    static MyValue1 test158Cache = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, 0);
+
+    // Same as test157 but with non-final field load
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1 test158(long val) {
+        return (val == 0L) ? test158Cache : MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, val);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test158")
+    public void test158_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test158Cache, test158(0));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, test158(rL));
+    }
+
+    // Verify that cast that with incompatible types is properly handled
+    @Test
+    public void test160(NonValueClass arg) {
+        Object tmp = arg;
+        MyValue1 res = (MyValue1)tmp;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test160")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test160_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        try {
+            test160(new NonValueClass(42));
+            throw new RuntimeException("No CCE thrown");
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        test160(null);
+    }
+
+    abstract value static class AbstractValueClassSingleSubclass {
+    }
+
+    value static class UniqueValueSubClass extends AbstractValueClassSingleSubclass {
+        int x = 34;
+    }
+
+    static AbstractValueClassSingleSubclass abstractValueClassSingleSubclass = new UniqueValueSubClass();
+
+    @Test
+    public void testUniqueConcreteValueSubKlass(boolean flag) {
+        // C2 should recognize that even though we do not know the exact layout of the underlying inline type of the
+        // abstract field abstractValueClassSingleSubclass (i.e. cannot scalarize), we only have a unique concrete sub
+        // class from which we know at compile time whether it can be scalarized or not. This unique sub class
+        // optimization was missing, resulting in a missing InlineTypeNode assertion failure.
+        doNothing(abstractValueClassSingleSubclass, flag ? 23 : 34);
+    }
+
+    void doNothing(Object a, int i) {}
+
+    @Run(test = "testUniqueConcreteValueSubKlass")
+    public void testUniqueConcreteValueSubKlass_verifier() {
+        testUniqueConcreteValueSubKlass(true);
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValueContainer {
+        private final Object value;
+
+        private MyValueContainer(Object value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue161 {
+        int x = 0;
+    }
+
+    // Test merging value classes with Object fields
+    @Test
+    public MyValueContainer test161(boolean b) {
+        MyValueContainer res = b ? new MyValueContainer(new MyValue161()) : null;
+        // Cast to verify that merged values are of correct type
+        Object obj = b ? (MyValue161)res.value : null;
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test161")
+    public void test161_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test161(true), new MyValueContainer(new MyValue161()));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test161(false), null);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValueContainer test162(boolean b) {
+        MyValueContainer res = b ? null : new MyValueContainer(new MyValue161());
+        // Cast to verify that merged values are of correct type
+        Object obj = b ? null : (MyValue161)res.value;
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test162")
+    public void test162_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test162(true), null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test162(false), new MyValueContainer(new MyValue161()));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValueContainer test163(boolean b) {
+        MyValueContainer res = b ? new MyValueContainer(new MyValue161()) : new MyValueContainer(null);
+        // Cast to verify that merged values are of correct type
+        Object obj = b ? (MyValue161)res.value : (MyValue161)res.value;
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test163")
+    public void test163_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test163(true), new MyValueContainer(new MyValue161()));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test163(false), new MyValueContainer(null));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValueContainer test164(boolean b) {
+        MyValueContainer res = b ? new MyValueContainer(null) : new MyValueContainer(new MyValue161());
+        // Cast to verify that merged values are of correct type
+        Object obj = b ? (MyValue161)res.value : (MyValue161)res.value;
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test164")
+    public void test164_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test164(true), new MyValueContainer(null));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test164(false), new MyValueContainer(new MyValue161()));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValueContainer test165(boolean b) {
+        MyValueContainer res = b ? new MyValueContainer(new MyValue161()) : new MyValueContainer(42);
+        // Cast to verify that merged values are of correct type
+        Object obj = b ? (MyValue161)res.value : (Integer)res.value;
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test165")
+    public void test165_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test165(true), new MyValueContainer(new MyValue161()));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test165(false), new MyValueContainer(42));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValueContainer test166(boolean b) {
+        MyValueContainer res = b ? new MyValueContainer(42) : new MyValueContainer(new MyValue161());
+        // Cast to verify that merged values are of correct type
+        Object obj = b ? (Integer)res.value : (MyValue161)res.value;
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test166")
+    public void test166_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test166(true), new MyValueContainer(42));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test166(false), new MyValueContainer(new MyValue161()));
+    }
+
+    // Verify that monitor information in JVMState is correct at method exit
+    @Test
+    public synchronized Object test167() {
+        return MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL); // Might trigger buffering which requires JVMState
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test167")
+    public void test167_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(((MyValue1)test167()).hash(), hash());
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class ValueClassWithInt {
+        int i;
+
+        ValueClassWithInt(int i) {
+            this.i = i;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class ValueClassWithDouble {
+        double d;
+
+        ValueClassWithDouble(double d) {
+            this.d = d;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static abstract value class AbstractValueClassWithByte {
+        byte b;
+
+        AbstractValueClassWithByte(byte b) {
+            this.b = b;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class SubValueClassWithInt extends AbstractValueClassWithByte {
+        int i;
+
+        SubValueClassWithInt(int i) {
+            this.i = i;
+            super((byte)(i + 1));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class SubValueClassWithDouble extends AbstractValueClassWithByte {
+        double d;
+
+        SubValueClassWithDouble(double d) {
+            this.d = d;
+            super((byte)(d + 1));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // TODO 8350865 We need more copies of these tests for all ValueClass array factories
+    static final ValueClassWithInt[] VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY = (ValueClassWithInt[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueClassWithInt.class, 2, new ValueClassWithInt(0));
+    static final ValueClassWithDouble[] VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY = (ValueClassWithDouble[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueClassWithDouble.class, 2, new ValueClassWithDouble(0));
+    static final SubValueClassWithInt[] SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY = (SubValueClassWithInt[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(SubValueClassWithInt.class, 2, new SubValueClassWithInt(0));
+    static final SubValueClassWithDouble[] SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY = (SubValueClassWithDouble[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(SubValueClassWithDouble.class, 2, new SubValueClassWithDouble(0));
+
+
+    static {
+        VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY[0] = new ValueClassWithInt(5);
+        VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY[0] = new ValueClassWithDouble(6);
+        SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY[0] = new SubValueClassWithInt(7);
+        SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY[0] = new SubValueClassWithDouble(8);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static void testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore(Object o, boolean flag) {
+        Object[] oArr;
+        if (flag) {
+            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY is statically known to be flat.
+        } else {
+            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY is statically known to be flat.
+        }
+        // The type of 'oArr' is inexact here because we merge two arrays. Since both arrays are flat, 'oArr' is also flat:
+        //     Type: flat:narrowoop: java/lang/Object:NotNull * (flat in array)[int:2]
+        // Since the type is inexact, we do not know the exact flat array layout statically and thus need to fall back
+        // to call "store_unknown_inline_Type()" at runtime where we know the flat array layout
+        oArr[0] = o;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static Object testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad(boolean flag) {
+        Object[] oArr;
+        if (flag) {
+            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY is statically known to be flat.
+        } else {
+            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY is statically known to be flat.
+        }
+        // The type of 'oArr' is inexact here because we merge two arrays. Since both arrays are flat, 'oArr' is also flat:
+        //     Type: flat:narrowoop: java/lang/Object:NotNull * (flat in array)[int:2]
+        // Since the type is inexact, we do not know the exact flat array layout statically and thus need to fall back
+        // to call "load_unknown_inline_Type()" at runtime where we know the flat array layout
+        return oArr[0];
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static void testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore(AbstractValueClassWithByte abstractValueClassWithByte,
+                                                            boolean flag) {
+        AbstractValueClassWithByte[] avArr;
+        if (flag) {
+            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY;
+        } else {
+            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY;
+        }
+        // Same as testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore() but the inexact type is with an abstract value class:
+        //    flat:narrowoop: compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld$AbstractValueClassWithByte:NotNull * (flat in array)[int:2]
+        avArr[0] = abstractValueClassWithByte;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static AbstractValueClassWithByte testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad(boolean flag) {
+        AbstractValueClassWithByte[] avArr;
+        if (flag) {
+            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY;
+        } else {
+            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY;
+        }
+        // Same as testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad() but the inexact type is with an abstract value class:
+        //    flat:narrowoop: compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld$AbstractValueClassWithByte:NotNull * (flat in array)[int:2]
+        return avArr[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore",
+                 "testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad",
+                 "testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore",
+                 "testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad"})
+    static void runFlatArrayInexactLoadAndStore() {
+        boolean flag = true;
+        ValueClassWithInt valueClassWithInt = new ValueClassWithInt(15);
+        ValueClassWithDouble valueClassWithDouble = new ValueClassWithDouble(16);
+
+        testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore(valueClassWithInt, true);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(valueClassWithInt, VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY[0]);
+        testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore(valueClassWithDouble, false);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(valueClassWithDouble, VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY[0]);
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(valueClassWithInt, testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad(true));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(valueClassWithDouble, testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad(false));
+
+        SubValueClassWithInt subValueClassWithInt = new SubValueClassWithInt(17);
+        SubValueClassWithDouble subValueClassWithDouble = new SubValueClassWithDouble(18);
+
+        testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore(subValueClassWithInt, true);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithInt, SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY[0]);
+        testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore(subValueClassWithDouble, false);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithDouble, SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY[0]);
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithInt, testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad(true));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithDouble, testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad(false));
+    }
+
+    // Check that comparisons between Java mirrors are optimized to comparisons of the klass
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {LOAD_P})
+    public boolean test168(Object o) {
+        return o.getClass() == NonValueClass.class;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test168")
+    public void test168_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test168(new NonValueClass(rI)));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test168(new NonValueClass[0]));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test168(42));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test168(new int[0]));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {LOAD_P})
+    public boolean test169(Object o) {
+        return o.getClass() == NonValueClass[].class;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test169")
+    public void test169_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test169(new NonValueClass(rI)));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test169(new NonValueClass[0]));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test169(42));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test169(new int[0]));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {LOAD_P, "= 2"}) // Can't be optimized because o could be an array
+    public boolean test170(Object o) {
+        return o.getClass() == MyValue1[].class;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test170")
+    public void test170_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test170(new NonValueClass(rI)));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test170(new MyValue1[0]));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test170(ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 0, MyValue1.DEFAULT)));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test170(ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 0, MyValue1.DEFAULT)));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test170(ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 0)));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test170(42));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test170(new int[0]));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {LOAD_P, "= 4"}) // Can't be optimized because o1 and o2 could be arrays
+    public boolean test171(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1.getClass() == o2.getClass();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test171")
+    public void test171_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test171(new NonValueClass(rI), new NonValueClass(rI)));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test171(new NonValueClass[0], new NonValueClass[0]));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test171(ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 0, MyValue1.DEFAULT), new MyValue1[0]));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test171(ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 0, MyValue1.DEFAULT), new MyValue1[0]));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test171(ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 0), new MyValue1[0]));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test171(ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 0, MyValue1.DEFAULT), ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 0)));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test171(42, new int[0]));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test171(new NonValueClass(rI), 42));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {LOAD_P})
+    public boolean test172(NonValueClass o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1.getClass() == o2.getClass();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test172")
+    public void test172_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test172(new NonValueClass(rI), new NonValueClass(rI)));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test172(new NonValueClass(rI), new NonValueClass[0]));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test172(new NonValueClass(rI), new MyValue1[0]));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test172(new NonValueClass(rI), 42));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {LOAD_P, "= 4"}) // Can't be optimized because o1 and o2 could be arrays
+    public boolean test173(Cloneable o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1.getClass() == o2.getClass();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test173")
+    public void test173_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test173(new NonValueClass[0], new NonValueClass[0]));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test173(ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 0, MyValue1.DEFAULT), new MyValue1[0]));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test173(ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 0, MyValue1.DEFAULT), new MyValue1[0]));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test173(ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 0), new MyValue1[0]));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test173(ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 0, MyValue1.DEFAULT), ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 0)));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test173(new boolean[0], new int[0]));
+    }
+
+    static final MyClass152 MY_NON_VALUE = new MyClass152(rI);
+    static final int[] MY_ARRAY = new int[0];
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class AllPrimitives {
+        boolean boolValue;
+        byte byteValue;
+        short shortValue;
+        int intValue;
+        long longValue;
+        char charValue;
+        float floatValue;
+        double doubleValue;
+
+        MyClass152 nonValue = MY_NON_VALUE;
+        int[] array = MY_ARRAY;
+        // TODO 8384979: This should be Integer, enable various verifications below as well
+        int integerValue;
+
+        public AllPrimitives(int i, Integer integerValue) {
+            this.boolValue = (rI % 2) == 0;
+            this.byteValue = (byte) i;
+            this.shortValue = (short) i;
+            this.intValue = i;
+            this.longValue = rL;
+            this.charValue = (char) i;
+            this.floatValue = (float) i;
+            this.doubleValue = rD;
+            this.integerValue = integerValue == null ? 0 : integerValue;
+        }
+
+        public AllPrimitives(AllPrimitives other, int[] offsets) {
+            this.boolValue = (offsets[test178Idx++] != 0) ? !other.boolValue : other.boolValue;
+            this.byteValue = (byte)(other.byteValue + offsets[test178Idx++]);
+            this.shortValue = (short)(other.shortValue + offsets[test178Idx++]);
+            this.intValue = other.intValue + offsets[test178Idx++];
+            this.longValue = other.longValue + offsets[test178Idx++];
+            this.charValue = (char)(other.charValue + offsets[test178Idx++]);
+            this.floatValue = (float)(other.floatValue + offsets[test178Idx++]);
+            this.doubleValue = other.doubleValue + offsets[test178Idx++];
+            this.integerValue = other.integerValue + offsets[test178Idx++];
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "AllPrimitives(" + boolValue + ", " + byteValue + ", " + shortValue + ", " + intValue + ", " + longValue + ", " + charValue + ", " + floatValue + ", " + doubleValue + ", " + integerValue + ")";
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Hides the type during parsing when always incrementally inlining
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object getter(Object o) {
+        return o;
+    }
+
+    // Verify that the substitutability runtime call is removed if (at least) one of the arguments has a known type
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
+        counts = {LOAD, "= 0"}) // Need to load from non-flat 'integerValue' fields
+    public boolean test174(AllPrimitives x, AllPrimitives y) {
+        return getter(x) == getter(y);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test174")
+    public void test174_verifier() {
+        AllPrimitives x = new AllPrimitives(rI, rI);
+        AllPrimitives y = new AllPrimitives(rI + 1, rI);
+        AllPrimitives z = new AllPrimitives(rI, null);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test174(x, x));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test174(z, z));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test174(null, null));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test174(x, y));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test174(x, null));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test174(null, x));
+        // Asserts.assertFalse(test174(x, z));
+        // Asserts.assertFalse(test174(z, x));
+        // Asserts.assertFalse(test174(z, new AllPrimitives(rI, 0)));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, LOAD, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    public boolean test175(AllPrimitives x, Integer y) {
+        return getter(x) == getter(y);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test175")
+    public void test175_verifier() {
+        AllPrimitives x = new AllPrimitives(rI, rI);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test175(null, null));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test175(x, null));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test175(null, 42));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test175(x, 42));
+    }
+
+    // Same as test174 but only one operand has a known type
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
+        counts = {LOAD, "= 13"}) // Need to load the fields from 'y'
+    public boolean test176(AllPrimitives x, Object y) {
+        return getter(x) == getter(y);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test176")
+    public void test176_verifier() {
+        AllPrimitives x = new AllPrimitives(rI, rI);
+        AllPrimitives y = new AllPrimitives(rI + 1, rI);
+        AllPrimitives z = new AllPrimitives(rI, null);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test176(x, x));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test174(z, z));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test176(null, null));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test176(x, y));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test176(x, null));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test176(null, x));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test176(x, 42));
+        // Asserts.assertFalse(test176(x, z));
+        // Asserts.assertFalse(test176(z, x));
+        // Asserts.assertFalse(test176(z, new AllPrimitives(rI, 0)));
+    }
+
+    // Same as above but type of 'y' is only known after loop opts
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
+        counts = {LOAD, "= 12"}) // Need to load the fields from 'x'
+    public boolean test177(Object x, AllPrimitives y) {
+        Object val = null;
+        int limit = 2;
+        for (; limit < 4; limit *= 2);
+        for (int i = 2; i < limit; i++) {
+            val = y;
+        }
+        return getter(x) == getter(val);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test177")
+    public void test177_verifier() {
+        AllPrimitives x = new AllPrimitives(rI, rI);
+        AllPrimitives y = new AllPrimitives(rI + 1, rI);
+        AllPrimitives z = new AllPrimitives(rI, null);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test177(x, x));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test174(z, z));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test177(null, null));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test177(x, y));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test177(x, null));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test177(null, x));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test177(42, x));
+        // Asserts.assertFalse(test177(x, z));
+        // Asserts.assertFalse(test177(z, x));
+        // Asserts.assertFalse(test177(z, new AllPrimitives(rI, 0)));
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Value178_1 {
+        long l1;
+        long l2;
+        @NullRestricted
+        AllPrimitives prims1;
+        AllPrimitives prims2;
+        Integer i;
+
+        public Value178_1() {
+            this.l1 = rL;
+            this.l2 = rL + 1;
+            this.prims1 = new AllPrimitives(rI, rI);
+            this.prims2 = new AllPrimitives(rI, rI);
+            this.i = rI;
+        }
+
+        public Value178_1(Value178_1 other, int[] offsets) {
+            this.l1 = other.l1 + offsets[test178Idx++];
+            this.l2 = other.l2 + offsets[test178Idx++];
+            this.prims1 = new AllPrimitives(other.prims1, offsets);
+            this.prims2 = (offsets[test178Idx++] != 0) ? null : new AllPrimitives(other.prims2, offsets);
+            this.i = (offsets[test178Idx++] != 0) ? null : (other.i + offsets[test178Idx++]);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "Value178_1(" + l1 + ", " + l2 + ", " + prims1 + ", " + prims2 + ")";
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Value178 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Value178_1 val1;
+
+        Value178_1 val2;
+
+        @NullRestricted
+        Value178_1 val3;
+
+        Value178_1 val4;
+
+        @NullRestricted
+        AllPrimitives prims1;
+
+        AllPrimitives prims2;
+
+        public Value178() {
+            this.val1 = new Value178_1();
+            this.val2 = new Value178_1();
+            this.val3 = new Value178_1();
+            this.val4 = new Value178_1();
+            this.prims1 = new AllPrimitives(rI, rI);
+            this.prims2 = new AllPrimitives(rI, rI);
+        }
+
+        public Value178(Value178 other, int[] offsets) {
+            test178Idx = 0;
+            this.val1 = new Value178_1(other.val1, offsets);
+            this.val2 = (offsets[test178Idx++] != 0) ? null : new Value178_1(other.val2, offsets);
+            this.val3 = new Value178_1(other.val3, offsets);
+            this.val4 = (offsets[test178Idx++] != 0) ? null : new Value178_1(other.val4, offsets);
+            this.prims1 = new AllPrimitives(other.prims1, offsets);
+            this.prims2 = (offsets[test178Idx++] != 0) ? null : new AllPrimitives(other.prims2, offsets);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "Value178(" + val1 + ", " + val2 + ", " + val3 + ", " + val4 + ", " + prims1 + ", " + prims2 + ")";
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int test178Idx = 0;
+
+    static Value178[] test178Values;
+
+    static {
+        Value178 defVal = new Value178();
+
+        // The 'offset' array is used to modify exactly one of the fields in Value178
+        int[] offsets = new int[113];
+        Value178 val2 = new Value178(defVal, offsets);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(offsets.length, test178Idx);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(defVal, val2);
+
+        test178Values = new Value178[offsets.length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < offsets.length; ++i) {
+            offsets[i] = 1;
+            if (i > 0) {
+                offsets[i-1] = 0;
+            }
+            test178Values[i] = new Value178(defVal, offsets);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test acmp with deep nesting of flat fields
+    @Test(allowNotCompilable = true) // TODO 8378943: reason should be "failed spill-split-recycle sanity check"
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    public boolean test178(Value178 x, Value178 y) {
+        return getter(x) == getter(y);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test178")
+    public void test178_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(test178(test178Values[0], test178Values[0]));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(test178(null, null));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(test178(test178Values[0], test178Values[1]));
+        } else {
+            // After warmup, check all combinations
+            for (int i = 0; i < test178Values.length; ++i) {
+                Value178 val1 = test178Values[i];
+                Asserts.assertTrue(test178(val1, val1), "i = " + i + ": " + val1 + " should be equal to itself");
+                for (int j = 0; j < test178Values.length; ++j) {
+                    Value178 val2 = test178Values[j];
+                    if (i == j) {
+                        Asserts.assertTrue(test178(val1, val2), "i = " + i + ": " + val1 + " should be equal to " + val2);
+                    } else {
+                        // Verify that the modification of one field is detected
+                        Asserts.assertFalse(test178(val1, val2), "i = " + i + ": " + val1 + " should not be equal to " + val2);
+                        Asserts.assertFalse(test178(val2, val1), "i = " + i + ": " + val2 + " should not be equal to " + val1);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test178 but with object argument
+    @Test(allowNotCompilable = true) // TODO 8378943: reason should be "failed spill-split-recycle sanity check"
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    public boolean test179(Value178 x, Object y) {
+        return getter(x) == getter(y);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test179")
+    public void test179_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(test179(test178Values[0], test178Values[0]));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(test179(null, null));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(test179(test178Values[0], test178Values[1]));
+        } else {
+            // After warmup, check all combinations
+            for (int i = 0; i < test178Values.length; ++i) {
+                Value178 val1 = test178Values[i];
+                Asserts.assertTrue(test179(val1, val1), "i = " + i + ": " + val1 + " should be equal to itself");
+                for (int j = 0; j < test178Values.length; ++j) {
+                    Value178 val2 = test178Values[j];
+                    if (i == j) {
+                        Asserts.assertTrue(test179(val1, val2), "i = " + i + ": " + val1 + " should be equal to " + val2);
+                    } else {
+                        // Verify that the modification of one field is detected
+                        Asserts.assertFalse(test179(val1, val2), "i = " + i + ": " + val1 + " should not be equal to " + val2);
+                        Asserts.assertFalse(test179(val2, val1), "i = " + i + ": " + val2 + " should not be equal to " + val1);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test179(test178Values[0], 42));
+    }
+
+    static final Value178 op1 = test178Values[Math.abs(rI) % test178Values.length];
+    static final Value178 op2 = op1;
+    static final Value178 op3 = new Value178();
+
+    // Test constant folding
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, LOAD, STORE, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    public boolean test180() {
+        Object val1 = null;
+        Object val2 = null;
+        Object val3 = null;
+        int limit = 2;
+        for (; limit < 4; limit *= 2);
+        for (int i = 2; i < limit; i++) {
+            val1 = op1;
+            val2 = op2;
+            val3 = op3;
+        }
+        boolean b1 = (val1 == val2);
+        boolean b2 = (val2 == val1);
+        boolean b3 = (val1 != val3);
+        boolean b4 = (val3 != val1);
+        return b1 && b2 && b3 && b4;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test180")
+    public void test180_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test180());
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Value181 {
+        Object obj;
+
+        public Value181(Object obj) {
+            this.obj = obj;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Non-optimizable case because the object field would require another substitutability check
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "= 1"})
+    public boolean test181(Value181 val1, Value181 val2) {
+        return val1 == val2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test181")
+    public void test181_verifier() {
+        Value181 val1 = new Value181(new Value181(42));
+        Value181 val2 = new Value181(new Value181(42));
+        Value181 val3 = new Value181(new Value181(43));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test181(val1, val1));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test181(val1, val2));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test181(val2, val3));
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Value182 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Value181 val; // This will require another substitutability check because it has an Object field
+
+        public Value182(Value181 val) {
+            this.val = val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test181 but the Object field "hides" one level deeper
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "= 1"})
+    public boolean test182(Value182 val1, Value182 val2) {
+        return val1 == val2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test182")
+    public void test182_verifier() {
+        Value182 val1 = new Value182(new Value181(42));
+        Value182 val2 = new Value182(new Value181(43));
+        Value182 val3 = new Value182(new Value181(new Value181(42)));
+        Value182 val4 = new Value182(new Value181(new Value181(42)));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test182(val1, val1));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test182(val2, val2));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test182(val1, val2));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test182(val2, val3));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test182(val3, val4));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", ALLOC})
+    public boolean test183(Integer o1, Value181 o2) {
+        // The only intersection is null
+        return getter(new Value181(o1)) == getter(new Value181(o2));
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test183")
+    public void test183_verifier() {
+        Value181 val = new Value181(null);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test183(null, null));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test183(null, val));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test183(0, null));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test183(0, val));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", ALLOC})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMP_P, "1"})
+    public boolean test184(MyClass152 o1, Object o2) {
+        // One side is not a value object
+        return getter(new Value181(o1)) == getter(new Value181(o2));
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test184")
+    public void test184_verifier() {
+        MyClass152 identity = new MyClass152(0);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test184(null, null));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test184(null, identity));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test184(identity, 0));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test184(identity, identity));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test184(identity, new MyClass152(0)));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", ALLOC})
+    public boolean test185(MyValue152 o1, Object o2) {
+        // One side is a value object
+        return getter(new Value181(o1)) == getter(new Value181(o2));
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test185")
+    public void test185_verifier() {
+        MyValue152 value = new MyValue152(0);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test185(null, null));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test185(null, value));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test185(value, 0));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test185(value, value));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test185(value, new MyValue152(0)));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"})
+    public boolean test186(MyClass152 o1, Object o2) {
+        // One side is not a value object
+        return getter(o1) == getter(o2);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test186")
+    public void test186_verifier() {
+        MyClass152 identity = new MyClass152(0);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test186(null, null));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test186(null, identity));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test186(identity, 0));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test186(identity, identity));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test186(identity, new MyClass152(0)));
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class V1MismatchedStore {
+        int x;
+
+        V1MismatchedStore(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class V2MismatchedStore {
+        double d;
+
+        V2MismatchedStore(double d) {
+            this.d = d;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static final V1MismatchedStore v1Mismatched = new V1MismatchedStore(0);
+    static final V2MismatchedStore v2Mismatched = new V2MismatchedStore(0);
+    static final V1MismatchedStore[] v1MismatchedArr = (V1MismatchedStore[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(V1MismatchedStore.class, 1, v1Mismatched);
+    static final V2MismatchedStore[] v2MismatchedArr = (V2MismatchedStore[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(V2MismatchedStore.class, 1, v2Mismatched);
+
+    @Test
+    static void testMismatchedStoresNotOnInlinesSlice() {
+        v1MismatchedArr[0] = v1Mismatched;
+        v2MismatchedArr[0] = v2Mismatched;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testMismatchedStoresNotOnInlinesSlice")
+    public void testMismatchedStoresNotOnInlinesSlice_verifier() {
+        testMismatchedStoresNotOnInlinesSlice();
+    }
+
+    static value class AtomicTwoBytes {
+        byte v1;
+        byte v2;
+
+        AtomicTwoBytes(int v1, int v2) {
+            this.v1 = (byte) v1;
+            this.v2 = (byte) v2;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // TODO 8376254: C1 bails out if the type of the nullable flat field is uninitialized
+    static final AtomicTwoBytes LOAD_ATOMIC_TWO_BYTES = new AtomicTwoBytes(0, 0);
+
+    static value class AtomicTwoBytesOneShort {
+        AtomicTwoBytes v;
+        short s;
+
+        AtomicTwoBytesOneShort(AtomicTwoBytes v, int s) {
+            this.v = v;
+            this.s = (short) s;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class AtomicTwoBytesOneShortHolder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        AtomicTwoBytesOneShort v1;
+        AtomicTwoBytesOneShort v2;
+
+        AtomicTwoBytesOneShortHolder(AtomicTwoBytesOneShort v1, AtomicTwoBytesOneShort v2) {
+            this.v1 = v1;
+            this.v2 = v2;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = IRNode.ALLOC)
+    private static int testScalarReplaceObject(int v) {
+        AtomicTwoBytesOneShort v1 = new AtomicTwoBytesOneShort(null, v);
+        AtomicTwoBytesOneShort v2 = new AtomicTwoBytesOneShort(new AtomicTwoBytes(v, v), v);
+        AtomicTwoBytesOneShortHolder h = new AtomicTwoBytesOneShortHolder(v1, v2);
+        call();
+        return h.v1.s;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testScalarReplaceObject")
+    public void runScalarReplaceObject() {
+        int v = (short) rI;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v, testScalarReplaceObject(v));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = IRNode.ALLOC)
+    private static int testScalarReplaceArray(int v1, int v2) {
+        AtomicTwoBytesOneShort[] array = new AtomicTwoBytesOneShort[2];
+        array[0] = new AtomicTwoBytesOneShort(null, v1);
+        array[1] = new AtomicTwoBytesOneShort(new AtomicTwoBytes(v1, v2), v2);
+        call();
+        return array[1].v.v1;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testScalarReplaceArray")
+    public void runScalarReplaceArray() {
+        int v1 = (byte) rI;
+        int v2 = (int) rL;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v1, testScalarReplaceArray(v1, v2));
+    }
+
+    static class BadCastWrapperA {
+        static BadCastA a;
+        static BadCastA2 a2 = new BadCastV4();
+    }
+
+    @ForceCompileClassInitializer
+    static value class BadCastV {
+        static int i;
+        @NullRestricted
+        BadCastA a;
+
+        // C1: trigger in access_field() for ByteCodes::_putstatic in <clinit>
+        @NullRestricted
+        static BadCastA2 a2Static = BadCastWrapperA.a2;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        BadCastV() {
+            this.a = BadCastWrapperA.a;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class BadCastA {
+        @NullRestricted
+        BadCastA2 a2 = BadCastWrapperA.a2;
+
+        @NullRestricted
+        static BadCastA2 a2Static = BadCastWrapperA.a2;
+    }
+
+    static value class BadCastV1 extends BadCastA {}
+    static value class BadCastV2 extends BadCastA {}
+
+
+    static abstract value class BadCastA2 {}
+
+    static value class BadCastV3 extends BadCastA2 {}
+    static value class BadCastV4 extends BadCastA2 {}
+
+
+    static int loadBadCastV = BadCastV.i; // Load BadCastV
+    static BadCastA aBadCast;
+    static BadCastA2 a2BadCast;
+
+    // Load these classes
+    static BadCastV1 v1BadCast = new BadCastV1();
+    static BadCastV2 v2BadCast = new BadCastV2();
+    static BadCastV3 v3BadCast = new BadCastV3();
+    static BadCastV4 v4BadCast = new BadCastV4();
+
+    @Test
+    static void testBadCastToInlineKlass() {
+        // triggers in do_get_xxx()
+        // 'a2' is null-free and an abstract value class and thus an InstanceKlass -> cannot cast to InlineKlass
+        a2BadCast = aBadCast.a2;
+
+        // C1: trigger in access_field() for ByteCodes::_putfield
+        // C2: triggers in do_set_xxx()
+        // in BadCastV(), we assign 'a' which is null-free and an abstract value class and thus an InstanceKlass
+        // -> cannot cast to InlineKlass
+        new BadCastV();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testBadCastToInlineKlass")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public static void testBadCastToInlineKlass_verifier() {
+        try {
+            testBadCastToInlineKlass();
+            Asserts.fail("should not reach");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // TODO 8376254: C1 bails out if the type of the nullable flat field is uninitialized
+    static ObjectHolderHolder objectHolderHolder = new ObjectHolderHolder();
+
+    static value class ObjectHolder {
+        Object obj = new Object();
+    }
+
+    static value class ObjectHolderHolder {
+        ObjectHolder objectHolder = new ObjectHolder();
+    }
+
+    // Test that acmp expansion works with field of exact Object type
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"},
+        counts = {IRNode.ALLOC, "= 2"}) // The two Object allocations
+    static boolean testAcmp() {
+        Object lhs = null;
+        Object rhs = null;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            if ((i & 1) == 0) {
+                lhs = new ObjectHolderHolder();
+                rhs = new ObjectHolderHolder();
+            }
+        }
+        return lhs == rhs;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testAcmp")
+    public void runTestAcmp() {
+        Asserts.assertFalse(testAcmp());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorldProfiling.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorldProfiling.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3ff5a0c86f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorldProfiling.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1386 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.*;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.*;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test value class specific type profiling.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver/timeout=300 ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+@ForceCompileClassInitializer
+public class TestLWorldProfiling {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        final Scenario[] scenarios = {
+                new Scenario(0,
+                        "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening",
+                        "-XX:-UseArrayLoadStoreProfile",
+                        "-XX:-UseACmpProfile",
+                        "-XX:TypeProfileLevel=0",
+                        "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck"),
+                new Scenario(1,
+                        "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening",
+                        "-XX:+UseArrayLoadStoreProfile",
+                        "-XX:+UseACmpProfile",
+                        "-XX:TypeProfileLevel=0",
+                        "-XX:+UseFieldFlattening"),
+                new Scenario(2,
+                        "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening",
+                        "-XX:-UseArrayLoadStoreProfile",
+                        "-XX:-UseACmpProfile",
+                        "-XX:TypeProfileLevel=222",
+                        "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck"),
+                new Scenario(3,
+                        "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening",
+                        "-XX:-UseArrayLoadStoreProfile",
+                        "-XX:-UseACmpProfile",
+                        "-XX:TypeProfileLevel=0",
+                        "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck",
+                        "-XX:TieredStopAtLevel=4",
+                        "-XX:-TieredCompilation"),
+                new Scenario(4,
+                        "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening",
+                        "-XX:+UseArrayLoadStoreProfile",
+                        "-XX:+UseACmpProfile",
+                        "-XX:TypeProfileLevel=0",
+                        "-XX:TieredStopAtLevel=4",
+                        "-XX:-TieredCompilation",
+                        "-XX:+UseFieldFlattening"),
+                new Scenario(5,
+                        "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening",
+                        "-XX:-UseArrayLoadStoreProfile",
+                        "-XX:-UseACmpProfile",
+                        "-XX:TypeProfileLevel=222",
+                        "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck",
+                        "-XX:TieredStopAtLevel=4",
+                        "-XX:-TieredCompilation")
+        };
+
+        InlineTypes.getFramework()
+                   .addScenarios(scenarios)
+                   .addFlags("-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "--enable-preview",
+                             "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                             "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED")
+                   .addHelperClasses(MyValue1.class,
+                                     MyValue2.class)
+                   .start();
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    private static final MyValue1 testValue1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+    @NullRestricted
+    private static final MyValue2 testValue2 = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+    private static final MyValue1[] testValue1Array = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+    static {
+        testValue1Array[0] = testValue1;
+    }
+    private static final MyValue2[] testValue2Array = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 1, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+    static {
+        testValue2Array[0] = testValue2;
+    }
+
+    // Some non-value classes
+    static class MyInteger extends Number {
+        int val;
+
+        public MyInteger(int val) {
+            this.val = val;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean equals(Object o) {
+            if (!(o instanceof MyInteger)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            return this.val == ((MyInteger)o).val;
+        }
+
+        public double doubleValue() { return val; }
+        public float floatValue() { return val; }
+        public int intValue() { return val; }
+        public long longValue() { return val; }
+    }
+
+    static class MyLong extends Number {
+        long val;
+
+        public MyLong(long val) {
+            this.val = val;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean equals(Object o) {
+            if (!(o instanceof MyLong)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            return this.val == ((MyLong)o).val;
+        }
+
+        public double doubleValue() { return val; }
+        public float floatValue() { return val; }
+        public int intValue() { return (int)val; }
+        public long longValue() { return val; }
+    }
+
+    private static final MyInteger[] testMyIntegerArray = new MyInteger[] { new MyInteger(42) };
+    private static final MyLong[] testMyLongArray = new MyLong[] { new MyLong(42L) };
+    private static final MyValue1[] testValue1NotFlatArray = new MyValue1[] { testValue1 };
+    // Wrap these variables into helper class because
+    // WhiteBox API needs to be initialized by TestFramework first.
+    static class WBFlags {
+        static final boolean UseACmpProfile = (Boolean) WhiteBox.getWhiteBox().getVMFlag("UseACmpProfile");
+        static final boolean TieredCompilation = (Boolean) WhiteBox.getWhiteBox().getVMFlag("TieredCompilation");
+        static final boolean ProfileInterpreter = (Boolean) WhiteBox.getWhiteBox().getVMFlag("ProfileInterpreter");
+        static final boolean UseArrayLoadStoreProfile = (Boolean) WhiteBox.getWhiteBox().getVMFlag("UseArrayLoadStoreProfile");
+        static final long TypeProfileLevel = (Long) WhiteBox.getWhiteBox().getVMFlag("TypeProfileLevel");
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class ValueAbstract {
+
+    }
+
+    static class NonValueClass1 extends ValueAbstract {
+        int x;
+
+        public NonValueClass1(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class NonValueClass2 extends ValueAbstract {
+        int x;
+
+        public NonValueClass2(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static final NonValueClass1 obj = new NonValueClass1(rI);
+    static final NonValueClass2 otherObj = new NonValueClass2(rI);
+
+    // aaload
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfOr = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "true", "TypeProfileLevel", "= 222"},
+        failOn = {LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd={"UseACmpProfile", "false", "TypeProfileLevel", "!= 222"},
+        counts = {LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 1"})
+    public Object test1(Object[] array) {
+        return array[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test1")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test1_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Object o = test1(testValue1Array);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1, o);
+        } else {
+            Object o = test1(testValue2Array);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testValue2, o);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfOr = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "true", "TypeProfileLevel", "= 222"},
+        failOn = {LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "false", "TypeProfileLevel", "!= 222"},
+        counts = {LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 1"})
+    public Object test2(Object[] array) {
+        return array[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test2")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test2_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Object o = test2(testMyIntegerArray);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(o, new MyInteger(42));
+        } else {
+            Object o = test2(testMyLongArray);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(o, new MyLong(42L));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 1"})
+    public Object test3(Object[] array) {
+        return array[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test3")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test3_verifier() {
+        Object o = test3(testValue1Array);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1, o);
+        o = test3(testValue2Array);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue2, o);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "true"},
+        failOn = {LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "false"},
+        counts = {LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 1"})
+    public Object test4(Object[] array) {
+        return array[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test4")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test4_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Object o = test4(testMyIntegerArray);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(o, new MyInteger(42));
+            o = test4(testMyLongArray);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(o, new MyLong(42L));
+        } else {
+            Object o = test4(testValue2Array);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testValue2, o);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 1"})
+    public Object test5(Object[] array) {
+        return array[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test5")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test5_verifier() {
+        Object o = test5(testValue1Array);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1, o);
+        o = test5(testValue1NotFlatArray);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1, o);
+    }
+
+    // Check that profile data that's useless at the aaload is
+    // leveraged at a later point
+    @DontInline
+    public void test6_no_inline() {
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test6_helper(ValueAbstract[] arg) {
+        if (arg instanceof NonValueClass1[]) {
+            test6_no_inline();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfOr = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "true", "TypeProfileLevel", "= 222"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL, "= 4", CLASS_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1", NULL_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1", RANGE_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "false", "TypeProfileLevel", "!= 222"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL, "= 4", RANGE_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1", NULL_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    public Object test6(ValueAbstract[] array) {
+        ValueAbstract v = array[0];
+        test6_helper(array);
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test6")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test6_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp()) {
+            // pollute profile
+            test6_helper(new NonValueClass1[1]);
+            test6_helper(new NonValueClass2[1]);
+        }
+        test6(new NonValueClass1[1]);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public void test7_no_inline() {
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test7_helper(ValueAbstract arg) {
+        if (arg instanceof NonValueClass1) {
+            test7_no_inline();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfOr = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "true", "TypeProfileLevel", "= 222"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL, "= 4", CLASS_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1", NULL_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1", RANGE_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "false", "TypeProfileLevel", "!= 222"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL, "= 4", RANGE_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1", NULL_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    public Object test7(ValueAbstract[] array) {
+        ValueAbstract v = array[0];
+        test7_helper(v);
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test7")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test7_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp()) {
+            // pollute profile
+            test7_helper(new NonValueClass1(rI));
+            test7_helper(new NonValueClass2(rI));
+        }
+        test7(new NonValueClass1[1]);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public void test8_no_inline() {
+    }
+
+    public void test8_helper(Object arg) {
+        if (arg instanceof Long) {
+            test8_no_inline();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "true"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL, "= 5", CLASS_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1", NULL_CHECK_TRAP, "= 2",
+                  RANGE_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "false"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL, "= 5", RANGE_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1", NULL_CHECK_TRAP, "= 2"})
+    public Object test8(Object[] array) {
+        Object v = array[0];
+        test8_helper(v);
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test8")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test8_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp()) {
+            // pollute profile
+            test8_helper(42L);
+            test8_helper(42.0D);
+        }
+        test8(testValue1Array);
+        test8(testValue1NotFlatArray);
+    }
+
+    // aastore
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfOr = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "true", "TypeProfileLevel", "= 222"},
+        failOn = {STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "false", "TypeProfileLevel", "!= 222"},
+        counts = {STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 1"})
+    public void test9(Object[] array, Object v) {
+        array[0] = v;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test9")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test9_verifier() {
+        test9(testValue1Array, testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1, testValue1Array[0]);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfOr = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "true", "TypeProfileLevel", "= 222"},
+        failOn = {STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "false", "TypeProfileLevel", "!= 222"},
+        counts = {STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 1"})
+    public void test10(Object[] array, Object v) {
+        array[0] = v;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test10")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test10_verifier() {
+        test10(testMyIntegerArray, new MyInteger(42));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 1"})
+    public void test11(Object[] array, Object v) {
+        array[0] = v;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test11")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test11_verifier() {
+        test11(testValue1Array, testValue1);
+        test11(testValue2Array, testValue2);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "true"},
+        failOn = {STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "false"},
+        counts = {STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 1"})
+    public void test12(Object[] array, Object v) {
+        array[0] = v;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test12")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test12_verifier() {
+        test12(testMyIntegerArray, new MyInteger(42));
+        test12(testMyLongArray, new MyLong(42L));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 1"})
+    public void test13(Object[] array, Object v) {
+        array[0] = v;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test13")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test13_verifier() {
+        test13(testValue1Array, testValue1);
+        test13(testValue1NotFlatArray, testValue1);
+    }
+
+    // MonomorphicArrayCheck
+    @Test
+    public void test14(Number[] array, Number v) {
+        array[0] = v;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test14")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test14_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp()) {
+            test14(testMyIntegerArray, new MyInteger(42));
+        } else {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            boolean deopt = false;
+            for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+                test14(testMyIntegerArray, new MyInteger(42));
+                if (!info.isCompilationSkipped() && !TestFramework.isCompiled(m)) {
+                    deopt = true;
+                }
+            }
+            if (deopt && TestFramework.isStableDeopt(m, CompLevel.C2) && !WBFlags.TieredCompilation && WBFlags.ProfileInterpreter &&
+                (WBFlags.UseArrayLoadStoreProfile || WBFlags.TypeProfileLevel == 222)) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Monomorphic array check should rely on profiling and be accurate");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // null free array profiling
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class NotFlattenable {
+        private Object o1 = null;
+        private Object o2 = null;
+        private Object o3 = null;
+        private Object o4 = null;
+        private Object o5 = null;
+        private Object o6 = null;
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    private static final NotFlattenable notFlattenable = new NotFlattenable();
+    private static final NotFlattenable[] testNotFlattenableArray = (NotFlattenable[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(NotFlattenable.class, 1, new NotFlattenable());
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfOr = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "true", "TypeProfileLevel", "= 222"},
+        counts = {NULL_CHECK_TRAP, "= 2"},
+        failOn = {STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "false", "TypeProfileLevel", "!= 222"},
+        counts = {NULL_CHECK_TRAP, "= 2", STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 1"})
+    public void test15(Object[] array, Object v) {
+        array[0] = v;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test15")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test15_verifier() {
+        test15(testNotFlattenableArray, notFlattenable);
+        try {
+            test15(testNotFlattenableArray, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "true"},
+        counts = {NULL_CHECK_TRAP, "= 2"},
+        failOn = {STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "false"},
+        counts = {NULL_CHECK_TRAP, "= 2", STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 1"})
+    public void test16(Object[] array, Object v) {
+        array[0] = v;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test16")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test16_verifier() {
+        test16(testNotFlattenableArray, notFlattenable);
+        try {
+            test16(testNotFlattenableArray, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        test16(testMyIntegerArray, new MyInteger(42));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "true"},
+        counts = {NULL_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1"},
+        failOn = {STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "false"},
+        counts = {NULL_CHECK_TRAP, "= 2", STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 1"})
+    public void test17(Object[] array, Object v) {
+        array[0] = v;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test17")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test17_verifier() {
+        test17(testMyIntegerArray, new MyInteger(42));
+        test17(testMyIntegerArray, null);
+        testMyIntegerArray[0] = new MyInteger(42);
+        test17(testMyLongArray, new MyLong(42L));
+    }
+
+    public void test18_helper(Object[] array, Object v) {
+        array[0] = v;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "true"},
+        counts = {NULL_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1"},
+        failOn = {STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "false"},
+        counts = {NULL_CHECK_TRAP, "= 2", STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 1"})
+    public Object test18(Object[] array, Object v1) {
+        Object v2 = array[0];
+        test18_helper(array, v1);
+        return v2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test18")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test18_verifier() {
+        test18_helper(testValue1Array, testValue1); // pollute profile
+        test18(testMyIntegerArray, new MyInteger(42));
+        test18(testMyIntegerArray, null);
+        testMyIntegerArray[0] = new MyInteger(42);
+        test18(testMyLongArray, new MyLong(42L));
+    }
+
+    // maybe null free, not flat
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "true"},
+        failOn = {LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "false"},
+        counts = {LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 1"})
+    public Object test19(Object[] array) {
+        return array[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test19")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test19_verifier() {
+        Object o = test19(testMyIntegerArray);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(o, new MyInteger(42));
+        o = test19(testNotFlattenableArray);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(o, notFlattenable);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "true"},
+        failOn = {STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayLoadStoreProfile", "false"},
+        counts = {STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 1"})
+    public void test20(Object[] array, Object o) {
+        array[0] = o;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test20")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test20_verifier() {
+        test20(testMyIntegerArray, new MyInteger(42));
+        test20(testNotFlattenableArray, notFlattenable);
+    }
+
+    // acmp tests
+
+    // branch frequency profiling causes not equal branch to be optimized out
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, " = 1"})
+    public boolean test21(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1 == o2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test21")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test21_verifier() {
+        test21(obj, obj);
+        test21(testValue1, testValue1);
+    }
+
+    // Input profiled non null
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseACmpProfile", "true"},
+        failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"},
+        counts = {NULL_ASSERT_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseACmpProfile", "false"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "= 1"})
+    public boolean test22(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1 == o2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test22")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test22_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test22(obj, null);
+        test22(otherObj, null);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(m);
+            test22(obj, otherObj);
+            if (WBFlags.UseACmpProfile) {
+                TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfOr = {"UseACmpProfile", "true", "TypeProfileLevel", "= 222"},
+        failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable*"},
+        counts = {NULL_ASSERT_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseACmpProfile", "false", "TypeProfileLevel", "!= 222"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "= 1"})
+    public boolean test23(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1 == o2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test23")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test23_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test23(null, obj);
+        test23(null, otherObj);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(m);
+            test23(obj, otherObj);
+            if (WBFlags.UseACmpProfile || WBFlags.TypeProfileLevel != 0) {
+                TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseACmpProfile", "true"},
+        failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"},
+        counts = {NULL_ASSERT_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseACmpProfile", "false"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "= 1"})
+    public boolean test24(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1 != o2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test24")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test24_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test24(obj, null);
+        test24(otherObj, null);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(m);
+            test24(obj, otherObj);
+             if (WBFlags.UseACmpProfile) {
+                 TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfOr = {"UseACmpProfile", "true", "TypeProfileLevel", "= 222"},
+        failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"},
+        counts = {NULL_ASSERT_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseACmpProfile", "false", "TypeProfileLevel", "!= 222"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "= 1"})
+    public boolean test25(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1 != o2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test25")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test25_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test25(null, obj);
+        test25(null, otherObj);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(m);
+            test25(obj, otherObj);
+            if (WBFlags.UseACmpProfile || WBFlags.TypeProfileLevel != 0) {
+                TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Input profiled not value class with known type
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfOr = {"UseACmpProfile", "true", "TypeProfileLevel", "= 222"},
+        failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"},
+        counts = {NULL_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1", CLASS_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseACmpProfile", "false", "TypeProfileLevel", "!= 222"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "= 1"})
+    public boolean test26(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1 == o2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test26")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test26_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test26(obj, obj);
+        test26(obj, otherObj);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(m);
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+                test26(otherObj, obj);
+            }
+            if (WBFlags.UseACmpProfile || WBFlags.TypeProfileLevel != 0) {
+                TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseACmpProfile", "true"},
+        failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"},
+        counts = { NULL_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1", CLASS_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseACmpProfile", "false"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "= 1"})
+    public boolean test27(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1 == o2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test27")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test27_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test27(obj, obj);
+        test27(otherObj, obj);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(m);
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+                test27(obj, otherObj);
+            }
+            if (WBFlags.UseACmpProfile) {
+                TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfOr = {"UseACmpProfile", "true", "TypeProfileLevel", "= 222"},
+        failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"},
+        counts = {NULL_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1", CLASS_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseACmpProfile", "false", "TypeProfileLevel", "!= 222"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "= 1"})
+    public boolean test28(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1 != o2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test28")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test28_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test28(obj, obj);
+        test28(obj, otherObj);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(m);
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+                test28(otherObj, obj);
+            }
+            if (WBFlags.UseACmpProfile || WBFlags.TypeProfileLevel != 0) {
+                TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseACmpProfile", "true"},
+        failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"},
+        counts = {NULL_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1", CLASS_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseACmpProfile", "false"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "= 1"})
+    public boolean test29(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1 != o2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test29")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test29_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test29(obj, obj);
+        test29(otherObj, obj);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(m);
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+                test29(obj, otherObj);
+            }
+            if (WBFlags.UseACmpProfile) {
+                TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfOr = {"UseACmpProfile", "true", "TypeProfileLevel", "= 222"},
+        failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", NULL_CHECK_TRAP},
+        counts = {CLASS_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseACmpProfile", "false", "TypeProfileLevel", "!= 222"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "= 1"})
+    public boolean test30(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1 == o2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test30")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test30_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test30(obj, obj);
+        test30(obj, otherObj);
+        test30(null, 42);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(m);
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+                test30(otherObj, obj);
+            }
+            if (WBFlags.UseACmpProfile || WBFlags.TypeProfileLevel != 0) {
+                TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseACmpProfile", "true"},
+        failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", NULL_CHECK_TRAP})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseACmpProfile", "false"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "= 1"})
+    public boolean test31(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1 == o2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test31")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test31_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test31(obj, obj);
+        test31(otherObj, obj);
+        test31(obj, null);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(m);
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+                test31(obj, otherObj);
+            }
+            if (WBFlags.UseACmpProfile) {
+                TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Input profiled not value class with unknown type
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseACmpProfile", "true"},
+        failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"},
+        counts = {NULL_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1", CLASS_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseACmpProfile", "false"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "= 1"})
+    public boolean test32(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1 == o2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test32")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test32_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test32(obj, obj);
+        test32(obj, testValue1);
+        test32(otherObj, obj);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(m);
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+                test32(testValue1, 42);
+            }
+            if (WBFlags.UseACmpProfile) {
+                TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseACmpProfile", "true"},
+        failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"},
+        counts = {NULL_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1", CLASS_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseACmpProfile", "false"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "= 1"})
+    public boolean test33(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1 == o2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test33")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test33_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test33(obj, obj);
+        test33(testValue1, obj);
+        test33(obj, otherObj);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(m);
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+                test33(obj, testValue1);
+            }
+            if (WBFlags.UseACmpProfile) {
+                TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseACmpProfile", "true"},
+        failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"},
+        counts = {NULL_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1", CLASS_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseACmpProfile", "false"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "= 1"})
+    public boolean test34(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1 != o2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test34")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test34_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test34(obj, obj);
+        test34(obj, testValue1);
+        test34(otherObj, obj);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(m);
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+                test34(testValue1, 42);
+            }
+            if (WBFlags.UseACmpProfile) {
+                TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseACmpProfile", "true"},
+        failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"},
+        counts = {NULL_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1", CLASS_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseACmpProfile", "false"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "= 1"})
+    public boolean test35(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1 != o2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test35")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test35_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test35(obj, obj);
+        test35(testValue1, obj);
+        test35(obj, otherObj);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(m);
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+                test35(obj, testValue1);
+            }
+            if (WBFlags.UseACmpProfile) {
+                TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseACmpProfile", "true"},
+        failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", NULL_CHECK_TRAP},
+        counts = {CLASS_CHECK_TRAP, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseACmpProfile", "false"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "= 1"})
+    public boolean test36(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1 == o2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test36")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test36_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test36(obj, otherObj);
+        test36(otherObj, testValue1);
+        test36(null, obj);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(m);
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+                test36(testValue1, obj);
+            }
+            if (WBFlags.UseACmpProfile) {
+                TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseACmpProfile", "true"},
+        failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", NULL_CHECK_TRAP})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseACmpProfile", "false"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "= 1"})
+    public boolean test37(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1 == o2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test37")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test37_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test37(otherObj, obj);
+        test37(testValue1, otherObj);
+        test37(obj, null);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertCompiledByC2(m);
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+                test37(obj, testValue1);
+            }
+            if (WBFlags.UseACmpProfile) {
+                TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test that acmp profile data that's unused at the acmp is fed to
+    // speculation and leverage later
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfOr = {"UseACmpProfile", "true", "TypeProfileLevel", "= 222"},
+        failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"},
+        counts = {CLASS_CHECK_TRAP, "= 2"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseACmpProfile", "false", "TypeProfileLevel", "!= 222"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "= 2"})
+    public void test38(Object o1, Object o2, Object o3) {
+        if (o1 == o2) {
+            test38_helper2();
+        }
+        test38_helper(o1, o3);
+    }
+
+    public void test38_helper(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        if (o1 == o2) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void test38_helper2() {
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test38")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test38_verifier() {
+        test38(obj, obj, obj);
+        test38_helper(testValue1, testValue2);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfOr = {"UseACmpProfile", "true", "TypeProfileLevel", "= 222"},
+        failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"},
+        counts = {CLASS_CHECK_TRAP, "= 2"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseACmpProfile", "false", "TypeProfileLevel", "!= 222"},
+        counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", "= 2"})
+    public void test39(Object o1, Object o2, Object o3) {
+        if (o1 == o2) {
+            test39_helper2();
+        }
+        test39_helper(o2, o3);
+    }
+
+    public void test39_helper(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        if (o1 == o2) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void test39_helper2() {
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test39")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test39_verifier() {
+        test39(obj, obj, obj);
+        test39_helper(testValue1, testValue2);
+    }
+
+    // Test array access with polluted array type profile
+    static abstract value class Test40Abstract { }
+    static value class Test40Class extends Test40Abstract { }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test40Inline extends Test40Abstract { }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test40_access(Object[] array) {
+        return array[0];
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object test40(Test40Abstract[] array) {
+        return test40_access(array);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test40")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test40_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        // Make sure multiple implementors of Test40Abstract are loaded
+        Test40Inline tmp1 = new Test40Inline();
+        Test40Class tmp2 = new Test40Class();
+        if (info.isWarmUp()) {
+            // Pollute profile with Object[] (exact)
+            test40_access(new Object[1]);
+        } else {
+            // When inlining test40_access, profiling contradicts actual type of array
+            test40(new Test40Class[1]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test40 but with array store
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test41_access(Object[] array, Object val) {
+        array[0] = val;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test41(Test40Inline[] array, Object val) {
+        test41_access(array, val);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test41")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test41_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        // Make sure multiple implementors of Test40Abstract are loaded
+        Test40Inline tmp1 = new Test40Inline();
+        Test40Class tmp2 = new Test40Class();
+        if (info.isWarmUp()) {
+            // Pollute profile with exact Object[]
+            test41_access(new Object[1], new Object());
+        } else {
+            // When inlining test41_access, profiling contradicts actual type of array
+            Test40Inline[] array = (Test40Inline[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Test40Inline.class, 1, new Test40Inline());
+            test41(array, new Test40Inline());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static long test42(Long... v) {
+        return v[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test42")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test42_verifier() {
+        Long[] arg = (Long[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Long.class, 1, 0L);
+        test42(arg);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(applyIfOr = {"UseACmpProfile", "true", "TypeProfileLevel", "= 222"},
+    //     failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"},
+    //     counts = {LOAD_OF_CLASS, "MyValue1", "> 30"} // Loading all the fields, there are many.
+    // )
+    // @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseACmpProfile", "false", "TypeProfileLevel", "!= 222"},
+    //     failOn = {LOAD_OF_CLASS, "MyValue1"},
+    //     counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", ">= 1"}
+    // )
+    public static boolean test43(Object a, Object b) {
+        return a == b;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test43")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test43_verifier() {
+        var other = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI + 1, rL);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test43(testValue1, testValue1));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test43(testValue1, other));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(applyIfOr = {"UseACmpProfile", "true", "TypeProfileLevel", "= 222"},
+    //     failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"},
+    //     counts = {LOAD_OF_CLASS, "MyValue1", "> 30"} // Loading all the fields, there are many.
+    // )
+    // @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseACmpProfile", "false", "TypeProfileLevel", "!= 222"},
+    //     failOn = {LOAD_OF_CLASS, "MyValue1"},
+    //     counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", ">= 1"}
+    // )
+    public static boolean test44(Object a, Object b) {
+        return a == b;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test44")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test44_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test44(testValue1, testValue1));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test44(testValue1, null));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test44(null, testValue1));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test44(null, null));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(applyIfOr = {"UseACmpProfile", "true", "TypeProfileLevel", "= 222"},
+    //     failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*"},
+    //     counts = {LOAD_OF_CLASS, "MyValue1", "> 30"} // Loading all the fields, there are many.
+    // )
+    // @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseACmpProfile", "false", "TypeProfileLevel", "!= 222"},
+    //     failOn = {LOAD_OF_CLASS, "MyValue1"},
+    //     counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "isSubstitutable.*", ">= 1"}
+    // )
+    public static boolean test45(Object a, Object b) {
+        return a == b;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test45")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test45_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test45(testValue1, testValue1));
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Asserts.assertFalse(test45(testValue1, null));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(test45(null, testValue1));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(test45(null, null));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public static Integer test46(Object a, Object b) {
+        if (a == b) {
+            if (b == null) {
+                return 1;
+            }
+            return 2;
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test46")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test46_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test46(testValue1, null), 0);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test46(null, null), 1);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test46(testValue1, testValue1), 2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public static Integer test47(Object a, Object b) {
+        if (a == b) {
+            if (b == null) {
+                return 1;
+            }
+            return 2;
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test47")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test47_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Object o = new Object();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test47(o, null), 0);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test47(null, null), 1);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test47(o, o), 2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public static Integer test48(Object a, Object b) {
+        if (a == b) {
+            if (b == null) {
+                return 1;
+            }
+            return 2;
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test48")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test48_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Object o = new Object();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test48(testValue1, null), 0);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test48(o, null), 0);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test48(null, null), 1);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test48(o, o), 2);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test48(testValue1, testValue1), 2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public static Integer test49(Object a, Object b) {
+        if (a == b) {
+            if (b instanceof AClass) {
+                return 1;
+            }
+            return 2;
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    static class AClass {}
+    AClass o = new AClass();
+
+    @Run(test = "test49")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test49_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test49(null, o), 0);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test49(o, o), 1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test49(testValue1, o), 0);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test49(null, null), 2);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLateInliningIncorrectArgs.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLateInliningIncorrectArgs.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5a35909a4fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLateInliningIncorrectArgs.java
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-BackgroundCompilation -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+
+public class TestLateInliningIncorrectArgs {
+    static public void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; i++) {
+            test1();
+            test2();
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    static final MyValue2 v3 = new MyValue2((byte)42, null);
+    static final MyValue2 v2 = new MyValue2((byte)42, v3);
+    static final MyValue1 v1 = new MyValue1((byte)42, v2);
+    static final C c = new C(42);
+
+    static void test1() {
+        lateInlined1(v1, c);
+    }
+
+    static int lateInlined1(MyValue1 v1, C c) {
+        return c.field;
+    }
+
+    static void test2() {
+        lateInlined2(v1, v1, c);
+    }
+
+    static int lateInlined2(MyValue1 v1, MyValue1 v2, C c) {
+        return c.field;
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue1 {
+        byte byteField;
+        MyValue2 next;
+
+        MyValue1(byte byteField, MyValue2 next) {
+            this.byteField = byteField;
+            this.next = next;
+        }
+    };
+
+    static value class MyValue2 {
+        byte byteField;
+        MyValue2 next;
+
+        MyValue2(byte byteField, MyValue2 next) {
+            this.byteField = byteField;
+            this.next = next;
+        }
+    };
+
+    static class C {
+        int field;
+
+        C(int field) {
+            this.field = field;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLoadRefinedArrayKlass.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLoadRefinedArrayKlass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..83606535f35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLoadRefinedArrayKlass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test loading of the default refined array klass from C2 intrinsics.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test*
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+StressReflectiveCode
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test*
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+public class TestLoadRefinedArrayKlass {
+    private static final WhiteBox WHITEBOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+    private static final boolean UseArrayFlattening = WHITEBOX.getBooleanVMFlag("UseArrayFlattening");
+    private static final boolean UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening = WHITEBOX.getBooleanVMFlag("UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening");
+    private static final boolean UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening = WHITEBOX.getBooleanVMFlag("UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening");
+    private static final boolean ForceNonTearable = !WHITEBOX.getStringVMFlag("ForceNonTearable").equals("");
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MySimpleValue {
+        int i;
+        byte b;
+
+        public MySimpleValue(int i) {
+            this.i = i;
+            this.b = (byte)i;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // Randomly trigger creation of a refined array klass of MySimpleValue[] to make
+        // sure that the order in which they are created does not make a difference.
+        switch (Utils.getRandomInstance().nextInt(5)) {
+            case 0:
+                Object tmp = new MySimpleValue[10];
+                break;
+            case 1:
+                ValueClass.newReferenceArray(MySimpleValue.class, 10);
+                break;
+            case 2:
+                ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MySimpleValue.class, 10);
+                break;
+            case 3:
+                ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MySimpleValue.class, 10, new MySimpleValue(0));
+                break;
+            case 4:
+                ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MySimpleValue.class, 10, new MySimpleValue(0));
+                break;
+        }
+
+        Object[] objArray = new Object[10];
+        MySimpleValue[] defaultArray = new MySimpleValue[10];
+        MySimpleValue[] refArray = (MySimpleValue[])ValueClass.newReferenceArray(MySimpleValue.class, 10);
+        MySimpleValue[] nullableAtomicArray = (MySimpleValue[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MySimpleValue.class, 10);
+        MySimpleValue[] nullFreeNonAtomicArray = (MySimpleValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MySimpleValue.class, 10, new MySimpleValue(0));
+        MySimpleValue[] nullFreeAtomicArray = (MySimpleValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MySimpleValue.class, 10, new MySimpleValue(0));
+
+        Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(defaultArray), UseArrayFlattening && UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isFlatArray(refArray));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(nullableAtomicArray), UseArrayFlattening && UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(nullFreeNonAtomicArray), UseArrayFlattening && UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(nullFreeAtomicArray), UseArrayFlattening && UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening);
+
+        Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(defaultArray));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(refArray));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(nullableAtomicArray));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(nullFreeNonAtomicArray));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(nullFreeAtomicArray));
+
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(defaultArray));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(refArray));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(nullableAtomicArray));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(nullFreeNonAtomicArray), ForceNonTearable || !UseArrayFlattening);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(nullFreeAtomicArray));
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < objArray.length; i++) {
+            objArray[i] = new MySimpleValue(i);
+            defaultArray[i] = new MySimpleValue(i);
+            refArray[i] = new MySimpleValue(i);
+            nullableAtomicArray[i] = new MySimpleValue(i);
+            nullFreeNonAtomicArray[i] = new MySimpleValue(i);
+            nullFreeAtomicArray[i] = new MySimpleValue(i);
+        }
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; i++) {
+            // Test _copyOf intrinsic
+            Object[] res = testCopyOf(objArray, MySimpleValue[].class);
+            checkArray(res, true, false, true);
+
+            res = testCopyOf(defaultArray, MySimpleValue[].class);
+            checkArray(res, true, false, true);
+
+            res = testCopyOf(refArray, MySimpleValue[].class);
+            checkArray(res, true, false, true);
+
+            res = testCopyOf(nullableAtomicArray, MySimpleValue[].class);
+            checkArray(res, true, false, true);
+
+            res = testCopyOf(nullFreeNonAtomicArray, MySimpleValue[].class);
+            checkArray(res, true, true, ForceNonTearable || !UseArrayFlattening);
+
+            res = testCopyOf(nullFreeAtomicArray, MySimpleValue[].class);
+            checkArray(res, true, true, true);
+
+            res = testCopyOf(objArray, Object[].class);
+            checkArray(res, false, false, true);
+
+            res = testCopyOf(defaultArray, Object[].class);
+            checkArray(res, false, false, true);
+
+            res = testCopyOf(refArray, Object[].class);
+            checkArray(res, false, false, true);
+
+            res = testCopyOf(nullableAtomicArray, Object[].class);
+            checkArray(res, false, false, true);
+
+            res = testCopyOf(nullFreeNonAtomicArray, Object[].class);
+            checkArray(res, false, false, true);
+
+            res = testCopyOf(nullFreeAtomicArray, Object[].class);
+            checkArray(res, false, false, true);
+
+            // Test _newArray intrinsic
+            res = testNewInstance(MySimpleValue.class, 10);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(res), UseArrayFlattening && UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening);
+            Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(res));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(res));
+        }
+    }
+
+    static <T> T[] testCopyOf(Object[] array, Class<? extends T[]> c) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(array, array.length, c);
+    }
+
+    static void checkArray(Object[] array, boolean isValue, boolean nullRestricted, boolean atomic) {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array), isValue && UseArrayFlattening && (nullRestricted ? UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening : UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(array), nullRestricted);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(array), atomic);
+        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
+            MySimpleValue value = (MySimpleValue)array[i];
+            Asserts.assertEquals(value.i, i);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(value.b, (byte)i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object[] testNewInstance(Class<?> c, int len) {
+        return (Object[])Array.newInstance(c, len);
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLoadingDefaultRefinedArrayKlass.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLoadingDefaultRefinedArrayKlass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ec8f1a78890
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLoadingDefaultRefinedArrayKlass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Make sure that the correct default refined klass is loaded by intrinsics.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestLoadingDefaultRefinedArrayKlass
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*TestLoadingDefaultRefinedArrayKlass::test*
+ *                   -XX:+UseArrayFlattening -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestLoadingDefaultRefinedArrayKlass
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*TestLoadingDefaultRefinedArrayKlass::test*
+ *                   -XX:-UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestLoadingDefaultRefinedArrayKlass
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -Xcomp -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*TestLoadingDefaultRefinedArrayKlass::test* -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestLoadingDefaultRefinedArrayKlass
+ */
+public class TestLoadingDefaultRefinedArrayKlass {
+
+    private static final WhiteBox WHITEBOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+    private static final boolean UseArrayFlattening = WHITEBOX.getBooleanVMFlag("UseArrayFlattening");
+
+    static value class MyValue1 {
+        int x = 42;
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue2 {
+        int x = 42;
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue3 {
+        int x = 42;
+    }
+
+    public static Object[] test1(Object[] array, Class<? extends Object[]> arrayType) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(array, 1, arrayType);
+    }
+
+    public static Object[] test2(Class<?> componentType) {
+        return (Object[])Array.newInstance(componentType, 1);
+    }
+
+    public static Object[] test3(Class<?> componentType) {
+        return (Object[])Array.newInstance(componentType, 1);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // Make sure that a non-initialized refined array klass is handled
+
+        // Make sure stuff is loaded
+        Arrays.copyOf(new Object[0], 1, Object[].class);
+        Array.newInstance(Integer.class, 1);
+
+        Object[] res1 = test1(new Object[1], MyValue1[].class);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(res1), UseArrayFlattening);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(res1));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(res1));
+
+        Class c = MyValue2[].class; // Make sure the array klass mirror is created
+        Object[] res2 = test2(MyValue2.class);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(res2), UseArrayFlattening);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(res2));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(res2));
+
+        // Pollute the system with non-default refined array klasses
+        MyValue3[] tmp1 = (MyValue3[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue3.class, 1, new MyValue3());
+        MyValue3[] tmp2 = (MyValue3[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyValue3.class, 1, new MyValue3());
+        MyValue3[] tmp3 = (MyValue3[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue3.class, 1);
+
+        // Now assert that the default refined array klass is loaded by the intrinsics
+        MyValue3[] array = new MyValue3[1];
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; ++i) {
+            res1 = test1(array, MyValue3[].class);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(res1), UseArrayFlattening);
+            Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(res1));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(res1));
+
+            res2 = test2(MyValue3.class);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(res2), UseArrayFlattening);
+            Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(res2));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(res2));
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLoopUnswitchingWithFlatArrayCheck.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLoopUnswitchingWithFlatArrayCheck.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f91d82ab6f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLoopUnswitchingWithFlatArrayCheck.java
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8275276
+ * @summary Test loop unswitching with flat array checks.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,TestLoopUnswitchingWithFlatArrayCheck::test compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestLoopUnswitchingWithFlatArrayCheck
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+public class TestLoopUnswitchingWithFlatArrayCheck {
+
+    Object[] objectArray = new Object[1000];
+
+    boolean test(Object o) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private Object test(int start, int end) {
+        Object res = null;
+        Object[] array = objectArray;
+        if (array == null) {
+           return null;
+        }
+        for (int i = start; ; i++) {
+            if (test(array[i])) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (i == end) {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+            for (; i < 100; i++) {
+                res = array[i];
+            }
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestLoopUnswitchingWithFlatArrayCheck t = new TestLoopUnswitchingWithFlatArrayCheck();
+        t.test(0, 10);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMakeFromOopReturnValue.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMakeFromOopReturnValue.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c45a3f4a8dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMakeFromOopReturnValue.java
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8380434
+ * @summary When trying to predict a virtual call that returns an inline type,
+ *          we want to make sure to both branches (inlined call and dynamic call)
+ *          result in an InlineType so that we do not accidentally try to use
+ *          an unbuffered InlineType as an oop.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                   -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   -XX:PerMethodSpecTrapLimit=0 -XX:PerMethodTrapLimit=0
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+value class MyValueRetType {
+    int i1 = 42;
+    int i2 = 43;
+    int i3 = 44;
+    int i4 = 45;
+    int i5 = 46;
+    int i6 = 47;
+    int i7 = 48;
+}
+
+class A {
+    public MyValueRetType virtual() {
+        return new MyValueRetType();
+    }
+}
+
+class B extends A {
+    @Override
+    public MyValueRetType virtual() {
+        return new MyValueRetType();
+    }
+}
+
+public class TestMakeFromOopReturnValue {
+    public static void test() {
+        // B needs to be loaded so that we don't get an exact type for the receiver in the OSR compilation
+        new B();
+        A a = new A();
+
+        // We want an OSR compilation here
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100_000; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(a.virtual(), new MyValueRetType());
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        test();
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMeetingAryPtr.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMeetingAryPtr.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..727a17f379e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMeetingAryPtr.java
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8353180
+ * @summary Test that meeting TypeAry*Ptr works with new layouts and does not trigger "not monotonic" assert.
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:CompileOnly=*TestMeetingAryPtr*::test* -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+StressCCP
+ *                   -XX:RepeatCompilation=100 compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestMeetingAryPtr
+ * @run main         compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestMeetingAryPtr
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+
+public class TestMeetingAryPtr {
+    static V vFld = new V(34);
+
+    static V[] vArrFlat = new V[100];
+    static final V[] vArrFinalNullable = (V[]) ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(V.class, 100);
+    static final V[] vArrFinalNullFree = (V[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(V.class, 100, new V(0));
+    static final V[] vArrFinalNullFree2 = (V[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(V.class, 100, new V(0));
+
+    static boolean flag;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testNonConstant();
+            testConstantDifferentNullNess();
+            testConstantSameNullNess();
+            flag = !flag;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testNonConstant() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
+            vFld = vArrFlat[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testConstantDifferentNullNess() {
+        // Meeting:      ConP(flat+nullable)   ConP(flat+null-free)
+        V[] arr = flag ? vArrFinalNullable   : vArrFinalNullFree;
+        // Phi for arr after meet: flat+maybe-null-free+exact
+        // -> Wrongly set to exact even though it's maybe null free only.
+        //    This causes an assertion failure during CCP.
+        vFld = arr[2];
+    }
+
+    static void testConstantSameNullNess() {
+        V[] arr = flag ? vArrFinalNullable : vArrFinalNullFree2;
+        vFld = arr[2];
+    }
+}
+
+value class V  {
+    int x;
+
+    V(int x) {
+        this.x = x;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMemBars.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMemBars.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ce88460ae19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMemBars.java
@@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8354981 8359345
+ * @summary Test that membars are emitted around flat, atomic loads and stores.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestMemBars
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestMemBars {
+    static long VAL = 42; // Prevent constant folding
+
+    public TestMemBars() {
+        field1 = new MyValue1();
+        field2 = new MyValue2();
+        super();
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue1 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue3 val = new MyValue3(); // Too large to be flattened
+
+        int unused = 42; // Make sure it's not naturally atomic
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue2 {
+        MyValue3 val = new MyValue3(); // Too large to be flattened
+
+        int unused = 42; // Make sure it's not naturally atomic
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue3 {
+        long l0 = VAL;
+        long l1 = VAL;
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue1 field1;
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue2 field2;
+
+    static MyValue1[] array1 = new MyValue1[1];
+    static MyValue1[] array2 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, new MyValue1());
+    static MyValue1[] array3 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, new MyValue1());
+    static MyValue1[] array4 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1);
+    static {
+        array1[0] = new MyValue1();
+        array4[0] = new MyValue1();
+    }
+
+    static MyValue2[] array5 = new MyValue2[1];
+    static MyValue2[] array6 = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 1, new MyValue2());
+    static MyValue2[] array7 = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 1, new MyValue2());
+    static MyValue2[] array8 = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 1);
+    static {
+        array5[0] = new MyValue2();
+        array8[0] = new MyValue2();
+    }
+
+    public long testFieldLoad1() {
+        return field1.val.l0;
+    }
+
+    public void testFieldStore1(MyValue1 val) {
+        field1 = val;
+    }
+
+    public long testFieldLoad2() {
+        return field2.val.l0;
+    }
+
+    public void testFieldStore2(MyValue2 val) {
+        field2 = val;
+    }
+
+    public long testArrayLoad1() {
+        return array1[0].val.l0;
+    }
+
+    public void testArrayStore1(MyValue1 val) {
+        array1[0] = val;
+    }
+
+    public long testArrayLoad2() {
+        return array2[0].val.l0;
+    }
+
+    public void testArrayStore2(MyValue1 val) {
+        array2[0] = val;
+    }
+
+    public long testArrayLoad3() {
+        return array3[0].val.l0;
+    }
+
+    public void testArrayStore3(MyValue1 val) {
+        array3[0] = val;
+    }
+
+    public long testArrayLoad4() {
+        return array4[0].val.l0;
+    }
+
+    public void testArrayStore4(MyValue1 val) {
+        array4[0] = val;
+    }
+
+    public long testArrayLoad5() {
+        return array5[0].val.l0;
+    }
+
+    public void testArrayStore5(MyValue2 val) {
+        array5[0] = val;
+    }
+
+    public long testArrayLoad6() {
+        return array6[0].val.l0;
+    }
+
+    public void testArrayStore6(MyValue2 val) {
+        array6[0] = val;
+    }
+
+    public long testArrayLoad7() {
+        return array7[0].val.l0;
+    }
+
+    public void testArrayStore7(MyValue2 val) {
+        array7[0] = val;
+    }
+
+    public long testArrayLoad8() {
+        return array8[0].val.l0;
+    }
+
+    public void testArrayStore8(MyValue2 val) {
+        array8[0] = val;
+    }
+
+    public long testFieldLoadStore1(MyValue1 val) {
+        long res = field1.val.l0;
+        field1 = val;
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    public long testFieldLoadStore1Independent(MyValue1 val) {
+        long res = field2.val.l0;
+        field1 = val;
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    public long testFieldStoreLoad1(MyValue1 val) {
+        field1 = val;
+        return field1.val.l0;
+    }
+
+    public long testFieldStoreLoad1Independent(MyValue1 val) {
+        field1 = val;
+        return field2.val.l0;
+    }
+
+    public long testArrayLoadStore1(MyValue1 val) {
+        long res = array3[0].val.l0;
+        array3[0] = val;
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    public long testArrayLoadStore1Independent(MyValue1 val) {
+        long res = array7[0].val.l0;
+        array3[0] = val;
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    public long testArrayStoreLoad1(MyValue1 val) {
+        array3[0] = val;
+        return array3[0].val.l0;
+    }
+
+    public long testArrayStoreLoad1Independent(MyValue1 val) {
+        array3[0] = val;
+        return array7[0].val.l0;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestMemBars t = new TestMemBars();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; ++i) {
+            VAL++;
+            MyValue1 val1 = new MyValue1();
+            MyValue2 val2 = new MyValue2();
+
+            t.testFieldStore1(val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testFieldLoad1(), VAL);
+            t.testFieldStore2(val2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testFieldLoad2(), VAL);
+            t.testArrayStore1(val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testArrayLoad1(), VAL);
+            t.testArrayStore2(val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testArrayLoad2(), VAL);
+            t.testArrayStore3(val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testArrayLoad3(), VAL);
+            t.testArrayStore4(val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testArrayLoad4(), VAL);
+            t.testArrayStore5(val2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testArrayLoad5(), VAL);
+            t.testArrayStore6(val2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testArrayLoad6(), VAL);
+            t.testArrayStore7(val2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testArrayLoad7(), VAL);
+            t.testArrayStore8(val2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testArrayLoad8(), VAL);
+
+            VAL++;
+            val1 = new MyValue1();
+            val2 = new MyValue2();
+
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testFieldLoadStore1(val1), VAL-1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field1, val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testFieldLoadStore1Independent(val1), VAL-1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field1, val1);
+
+            VAL++;
+            val1 = new MyValue1();
+            val2 = new MyValue2();
+
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testFieldStoreLoad1(val1), VAL);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field1, val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testFieldStoreLoad1Independent(val1), VAL-2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.field1, val1);
+
+            VAL++;
+            val1 = new MyValue1();
+            val2 = new MyValue2();
+
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testArrayLoadStore1(val1), VAL-3);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.array3[0], val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testArrayLoadStore1Independent(val1), VAL-3);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.array3[0], val1);
+
+            VAL++;
+            val1 = new MyValue1();
+            val2 = new MyValue2();
+
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testArrayStoreLoad1(val1), VAL);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.array3[0], val1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.testArrayStoreLoad1Independent(val1), VAL-4);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(t.array3[0], val1);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMethodHandles.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMethodHandles.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9ad94fc5b72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMethodHandles.java
@@ -0,0 +1,638 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_INLINE_FIELDS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.*;
+
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.STATIC_CALL;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test method handle support for inline types
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires vm.opt.AbortVMOnCompilationFailure != true
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xcomp"
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 0
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test method handle support for inline types
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires vm.opt.AbortVMOnCompilationFailure != true
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xcomp"
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 1
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test method handle support for inline types
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires vm.opt.AbortVMOnCompilationFailure != true
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xcomp"
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 2
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test method handle support for inline types
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires vm.opt.AbortVMOnCompilationFailure != true
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xcomp"
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 3
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test method handle support for inline types
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires vm.opt.AbortVMOnCompilationFailure != true
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xcomp"
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 4
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test method handle support for inline types
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires vm.opt.AbortVMOnCompilationFailure != true
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xcomp"
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 5
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test method handle support for inline types
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires vm.opt.AbortVMOnCompilationFailure != true
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xcomp"
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 6
+ */
+
+@ForceCompileClassInitializer
+public class TestMethodHandles {
+
+    static {
+        try {
+            Class<?> clazz = TestMethodHandles.class;
+            MethodHandles.Lookup lookup = MethodHandles.lookup();
+
+            MethodType mt = MethodType.methodType(MyValue3.class);
+            test1_mh = lookup.findVirtual(clazz, "test1_target", mt);
+            test2_mh = lookup.findVirtual(clazz, "test2_target", mt);
+            test3_mh = lookup.findVirtual(clazz, "test3_target", mt);
+
+            MethodType test4_mt1 = MethodType.methodType(int.class, MyValue1.class);
+            MethodType test4_mt2 = MethodType.methodType(MyValue1.class);
+            MethodHandle test4_mh1 = lookup.findStatic(clazz, "test4_helper1", test4_mt1);
+            MethodHandle test4_mh2 = lookup.findStatic(clazz, "test4_helper2", test4_mt2);
+            test4_mh = MethodHandles.filterReturnValue(test4_mh2, test4_mh1);
+
+            MethodType test5_mt = MethodType.methodType(int.class, MyValue1.class);
+            test5_mh = lookup.findVirtual(clazz, "test5_target", test5_mt);
+
+            MethodType test6_mt = MethodType.methodType(MyValue3.class);
+            MethodHandle test6_mh1 = lookup.findVirtual(clazz, "test6_target1", test6_mt);
+            MethodHandle test6_mh2 = lookup.findVirtual(clazz, "test6_target2", test6_mt);
+            MethodType boolean_mt = MethodType.methodType(boolean.class);
+            MethodHandle test6_mh_test = lookup.findVirtual(clazz, "test6_test", boolean_mt);
+            test6_mh = MethodHandles.guardWithTest(test6_mh_test, test6_mh1, test6_mh2);
+
+            MethodType myvalue2_mt = MethodType.methodType(MyValue2.class);
+            test7_mh1 = lookup.findStatic(clazz, "test7_target1", myvalue2_mt);
+            MethodHandle test7_mh2 = lookup.findStatic(clazz, "test7_target2", myvalue2_mt);
+            MethodHandle test7_mh_test = lookup.findStatic(clazz, "test7_test", boolean_mt);
+            test7_mh = MethodHandles.guardWithTest(test7_mh_test,
+                                                    MethodHandles.invoker(myvalue2_mt),
+                                                    MethodHandles.dropArguments(test7_mh2, 0, MethodHandle.class));
+
+            MethodHandle test8_mh1 = lookup.findStatic(clazz, "test8_target1", myvalue2_mt);
+            test8_mh2 = lookup.findStatic(clazz, "test8_target2", myvalue2_mt);
+            MethodHandle test8_mh_test = lookup.findStatic(clazz, "test8_test", boolean_mt);
+            test8_mh = MethodHandles.guardWithTest(test8_mh_test,
+                                                    MethodHandles.dropArguments(test8_mh1, 0, MethodHandle.class),
+                                                    MethodHandles.invoker(myvalue2_mt));
+
+            MethodType test9_mt = MethodType.methodType(MyValue3.class);
+            MethodHandle test9_mh1 = lookup.findVirtual(clazz, "test9_target1", test9_mt);
+            MethodHandle test9_mh2 = lookup.findVirtual(clazz, "test9_target2", test9_mt);
+            MethodHandle test9_mh3 = lookup.findVirtual(clazz, "test9_target3", test9_mt);
+            MethodType test9_mt2 = MethodType.methodType(boolean.class);
+            MethodHandle test9_mh_test1 = lookup.findVirtual(clazz, "test9_test1", test9_mt2);
+            MethodHandle test9_mh_test2 = lookup.findVirtual(clazz, "test9_test2", test9_mt2);
+            test9_mh = MethodHandles.guardWithTest(test9_mh_test1,
+                                                    test9_mh1,
+                                                    MethodHandles.guardWithTest(test9_mh_test2, test9_mh2, test9_mh3));
+
+            MethodType test10_mt = MethodType.methodType(MyValue2.class);
+            MethodHandle test10_mh1 = lookup.findStatic(clazz, "test10_target1", test10_mt);
+            test10_mh2 = lookup.findStatic(clazz, "test10_target2", test10_mt);
+            test10_mh3 = lookup.findStatic(clazz, "test10_target3", test10_mt);
+            MethodType test10_mt2 = MethodType.methodType(boolean.class);
+            MethodType test10_mt3 = MethodType.methodType(MyValue2.class);
+            MethodHandle test10_mh_test1 = lookup.findStatic(clazz, "test10_test1", test10_mt2);
+            MethodHandle test10_mh_test2 = lookup.findStatic(clazz, "test10_test2", test10_mt2);
+            test10_mh = MethodHandles.guardWithTest(test10_mh_test1,
+                                                    MethodHandles.dropArguments(test10_mh1, 0, MethodHandle.class, MethodHandle.class),
+                                                    MethodHandles.guardWithTest(test10_mh_test2,
+                                                                                MethodHandles.dropArguments(MethodHandles.invoker(test10_mt3), 1, MethodHandle.class),
+                                                                                MethodHandles.dropArguments(MethodHandles.invoker(test10_mt3), 0, MethodHandle.class))
+                                                    );
+
+            MethodHandle test11_mh1 = lookup.findStatic(clazz, "test11_target1", myvalue2_mt);
+            test11_mh2 = lookup.findStatic(clazz, "test11_target2", myvalue2_mt);
+            MethodHandle test11_mh_test = lookup.findStatic(clazz, "test11_test", boolean_mt);
+            test11_mh = MethodHandles.guardWithTest(test11_mh_test,
+                                                    MethodHandles.dropArguments(test11_mh1, 0, MethodHandle.class),
+                                                    MethodHandles.invoker(myvalue2_mt));
+        } catch (NoSuchMethodException | IllegalAccessException e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+            throw new RuntimeException("Method handle lookup failed");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public TestMethodHandles() {
+        test1_vt = MyValue3.create();
+        test2_vt = MyValue3.create();
+        test3_vt = MyValue3.create();
+        test5_vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        test6_vt1 = MyValue3.create();
+        test6_vt2 = MyValue3.create();
+        test9_vt1 = MyValue3.create();
+        test9_vt2 = MyValue3.create();
+        test9_vt3 = MyValue3.create();
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Scenario[] scenarios = InlineTypes.DEFAULT_SCENARIOS;
+
+        // Prevent inlining through MethodHandle linkTo adapters to stress the calling convention
+        scenarios[2].addFlags("-DVerifyIR=false",
+                              "-XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,java.lang.invoke.DirectMethodHandle::internalMemberName");
+        scenarios[4].addFlags("-XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,java.lang.invoke.DirectMethodHandle::internalMemberName");
+
+        InlineTypes.getFramework()
+                   .addScenarios(scenarios[Integer.parseInt(args[0])])
+                   .addFlags("-XX:CompileCommand=inline,java.lang.invoke.MethodHandleImpl::*")
+                   .addFlags("-XX:CompileCommand=inline,java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm*::*")
+                   .addHelperClasses(MyValue1.class,
+                                     MyValue2.class,
+                                     MyValue2Inline.class,
+                                     MyValue3.class,
+                                     MyValue3Inline.class)
+                   .start();
+    }
+
+    // Everything inlined
+    @NullRestricted
+    final MyValue3 test1_vt;
+
+    @ForceInline
+    MyValue3 test1_target() {
+        return test1_vt;
+    }
+
+    static final MethodHandle test1_mh;
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, STATIC_CALL})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "false"},
+        counts = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "= 1"})
+// TODO: JDK-8380875
+//                STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, "= 14"})
+    public MyValue3 test1() throws Throwable {
+        return (MyValue3)test1_mh.invokeExact(this);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test1")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test1_verifier() throws Throwable {
+        MyValue3 vt = test1();
+        test1_vt.verify(vt);
+    }
+
+    // Leaf method not inlined but returned type is known
+    @NullRestricted
+    final MyValue3 test2_vt;
+
+    @DontInline
+    MyValue3 test2_target() {
+        return test2_vt;
+    }
+
+    static final MethodHandle test2_mh;
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue3 test2() throws Throwable {
+        return (MyValue3)test2_mh.invokeExact(this);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test2")
+    public void test2_verifier(RunInfo info) throws Throwable {
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method helper_m = getClass().getDeclaredMethod("test2_target");
+            if (!TestFramework.isCompiled(helper_m)) {
+                TestFramework.compile(helper_m, CompLevel.C2);
+            }
+        }
+        MyValue3 vt = test2();
+        test2_vt.verify(vt);
+    }
+
+    // Leaf method not inlined and returned type not known
+    @NullRestricted
+    final MyValue3 test3_vt;
+
+    @DontInline
+    MyValue3 test3_target() {
+        return test3_vt;
+    }
+
+    static final MethodHandle test3_mh;
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue3 test3() throws Throwable {
+        return (MyValue3)test3_mh.invokeExact(this);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test3")
+    public void test3_verifier(RunInfo info) throws Throwable {
+        // hack so C2 doesn't know the target of the invoke call
+        Class c = Class.forName("java.lang.invoke.DirectMethodHandle");
+        Method m = c.getDeclaredMethod("internalMemberName", Object.class);
+        WhiteBox.getWhiteBox().testSetDontInlineMethod(m, info.isWarmUp());
+        MyValue3 vt = test3();
+        test3_vt.verify(vt);
+    }
+
+    // When test75_helper1 is inlined in test75, the method handle
+    // linker that called it is passed a pointer to a copy of vt
+    // stored in memory. The method handle linker needs to load the
+    // fields from memory before it inlines test75_helper1.
+    static public int test4_helper1(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return vt.x;
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    static MyValue1 test4_vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+
+    static public MyValue1 test4_helper2() {
+        return test4_vt;
+    }
+
+    static final MethodHandle test4_mh;
+
+    @Test
+    public int test4() throws Throwable {
+        return (int)test4_mh.invokeExact();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test4")
+    public void test4_verifier() throws Throwable {
+        int i = test4();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(i, test4_vt.x);
+    }
+
+    // Test method handle call with inline type argument
+    public int test5_target(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return vt.x;
+    }
+
+    static final MethodHandle test5_mh;
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue1 test5_vt;
+
+    @Test
+    public int test5() throws Throwable {
+        return (int)test5_mh.invokeExact(this, test5_vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test5")
+    public void test5_verifier() throws Throwable {
+        int i = test5();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(i, test5_vt.x);
+    }
+
+    // Return of target1 and target2 merged in a Lambda Form as an
+    // Object. Shouldn't cause any allocation
+    @NullRestricted
+    final MyValue3 test6_vt1;
+
+    @ForceInline
+    MyValue3 test6_target1() {
+        return test6_vt1;
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    final MyValue3 test6_vt2;
+
+    @ForceInline
+    MyValue3 test6_target2() {
+        return test6_vt2;
+    }
+
+    boolean test6_bool = true;
+    @ForceInline
+    boolean test6_test() {
+        return test6_bool;
+    }
+
+    static final MethodHandle test6_mh;
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_INLINE_FIELDS})
+    public MyValue3 test6() throws Throwable {
+        return (MyValue3)test6_mh.invokeExact(this);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test6")
+    public void test6_verifier() throws Throwable {
+        test6_bool = !test6_bool;
+        MyValue3 vt = test6();
+        vt.verify(test6_bool ? test6_vt1 : test6_vt2);
+    }
+
+    // Similar as above but with the method handle for target1 not
+    // constant. Shouldn't cause any allocation.
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue2 test7_target1() {
+        return MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue2 test7_target2() {
+        return MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rD+1);
+    }
+
+    static boolean test7_bool = true;
+    @ForceInline
+    static boolean test7_test() {
+        return test7_bool;
+    }
+
+    static final MethodHandle test7_mh;
+    static MethodHandle test7_mh1;
+
+    @Test
+    public long test7() throws Throwable {
+        return ((MyValue2)test7_mh.invokeExact(test7_mh1)).hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test7")
+    public void test7_verifier() throws Throwable {
+        test7_bool = !test7_bool;
+        long hash = test7();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(hash, MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+(test7_bool ? 0 : 1), rD+(test7_bool ? 0 : 1)).hash());
+    }
+
+    // Same as above but with the method handle for target2 not
+    // constant. Shouldn't cause any allocation.
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue2 test8_target1() {
+        return MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue2 test8_target2() {
+        return MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rD+1);
+    }
+
+    static boolean test8_bool = true;
+    @ForceInline
+    static boolean test8_test() {
+        return test8_bool;
+    }
+
+    static final MethodHandle test8_mh;
+    static MethodHandle test8_mh2;
+
+    @Test
+    public long test8() throws Throwable {
+        return ((MyValue2)test8_mh.invokeExact(test8_mh2)).hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test8")
+    public void test8_verifier() throws Throwable {
+        test8_bool = !test8_bool;
+        long hash = test8();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(hash, MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+(test8_bool ? 0 : 1), rD+(test8_bool ? 0 : 1)).hash());
+    }
+
+    // Return of target1, target2 and target3 merged in Lambda Forms
+    // as an Object. Shouldn't cause any allocation
+    @NullRestricted
+    final MyValue3 test9_vt1;
+
+    @ForceInline
+    MyValue3 test9_target1() {
+        return test9_vt1;
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    final MyValue3 test9_vt2;
+
+    @ForceInline
+    MyValue3 test9_target2() {
+        return test9_vt2;
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    final MyValue3 test9_vt3;
+
+    @ForceInline
+    MyValue3 test9_target3() {
+        return test9_vt3;
+    }
+
+    boolean test9_bool1 = true;
+    @ForceInline
+    boolean test9_test1() {
+        return test9_bool1;
+    }
+
+    boolean test9_bool2 = true;
+    @ForceInline
+    boolean test9_test2() {
+        return test9_bool2;
+    }
+
+    static final MethodHandle test9_mh;
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_INLINE_FIELDS})
+   public MyValue3 test9() throws Throwable {
+        return (MyValue3)test9_mh.invokeExact(this);
+    }
+
+    static int test9_i = 0;
+    @Run(test = "test9")
+    public void test9_verifier() throws Throwable {
+        test9_i++;
+        test9_bool1 = (test9_i % 2) == 0;
+        test9_bool2 = (test9_i % 3) == 0;
+        MyValue3 vt = test9();
+        vt.verify(test9_bool1 ? test9_vt1 : (test9_bool2 ? test9_vt2 : test9_vt3));
+    }
+
+    // Same as above but with non constant target2 and target3
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue2 test10_target1() {
+        return MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue2 test10_target2() {
+        return MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rD+1);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue2 test10_target3() {
+        return MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+2, rD+2);
+    }
+
+    static boolean test10_bool1 = true;
+    @ForceInline
+    static boolean test10_test1() {
+        return test10_bool1;
+    }
+
+    static boolean test10_bool2 = true;
+    @ForceInline
+    static boolean test10_test2() {
+        return test10_bool2;
+    }
+
+    static final MethodHandle test10_mh;
+    static MethodHandle test10_mh2;
+    static MethodHandle test10_mh3;
+
+    @Test
+    public long test10() throws Throwable {
+        return ((MyValue2)test10_mh.invokeExact(test10_mh2, test10_mh3)).hash();
+    }
+
+    static int test10_i = 0;
+
+    @Run(test = "test10")
+    public void test10_verifier() throws Throwable {
+        test10_i++;
+        test10_bool1 = (test10_i % 2) == 0;
+        test10_bool2 = (test10_i % 3) == 0;
+        long hash = test10();
+        int i = rI + (test10_bool1 ? 0 : (test10_bool2 ? 1 : 2));
+        double d = rD + (test10_bool1 ? 0 : (test10_bool2 ? 1 : 2));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(hash, MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(i, d).hash());
+    }
+
+    static int test11_i = 0;
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue2 test11_target1() {
+        return MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+test11_i, rD+test11_i);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static MyValue2 test11_target2() {
+        return MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI-test11_i, rD-test11_i);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static boolean test11_test() {
+        return (test11_i % 100) == 0;
+    }
+
+    static final MethodHandle test11_mh;
+    static MethodHandle test11_mh2;
+
+    // Check that a buffered inline type returned by a compiled lambda form
+    // is properly handled by the caller.
+    @Test
+    public long test11() throws Throwable {
+        return ((MyValue2)test11_mh.invokeExact(test11_mh2)).hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test11")
+    @Warmup(11000)
+    public void test11_verifier() throws Throwable {
+        test11_i++;
+        long hash = test11();
+        boolean b = (test11_i % 100) == 0;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(hash, MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+test11_i * (b ? 1 : -1), rD+test11_i * (b ? 1 : -1)).hash());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMismatchHandling.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMismatchHandling.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6a5bb8290a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMismatchHandling.java
@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8301007
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Verify that mismatches of the preload attribute are properly handled in the calling convention.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile TestMismatchHandling.jcod TestMismatchHandling.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -Xbatch
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:-Inline -XX:-InlineAccessors -XX:-UseBimorphicInlining -XX:-UseCHA -XX:-UseTypeProfile
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestMismatchHandling::test*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestMismatchHandling
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -Xbatch
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:-Inline -XX:-InlineAccessors -XX:-UseBimorphicInlining -XX:-UseCHA -XX:-UseTypeProfile
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*::method
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestMismatchHandling
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -Xbatch
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:-Inline -XX:-InlineAccessors -XX:-UseBimorphicInlining -XX:-UseCHA -XX:-UseTypeProfile
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestMismatchHandling
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -Xbatch
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:-Inline -XX:-InlineAccessors -XX:-UseBimorphicInlining -XX:-UseCHA -XX:-UseTypeProfile
+ *                   -XX:-InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestMismatchHandling
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -Xbatch
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:-Inline -XX:-InlineAccessors -XX:-UseBimorphicInlining -XX:-UseCHA -XX:-UseTypeProfile
+ *                   -XX:-InlineTypeReturnedAsFields
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestMismatchHandling
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -Xbatch
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:+DeoptimizeNMethodBarriersALot
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestMismatchHandling
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -Xbatch
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestMismatchHandling
+ */
+
+// ##################################### WARNING ######################################
+// Use below script to re-generate TestMismatchHandling.jcod, don't modify it manually.
+// Be careful when changing anything (even the order) in this test and related files.
+// ##################################### WARNING ######################################
+
+/*
+  #!/bin/bash
+  export PATH=/oracle/valhalla/build/fastdebug/jdk/bin/:$PATH
+  ASMTOOLS=/oracle/valhalla/open/test/lib
+
+  # With preload attribute
+  javac --enable-preview --source 28 TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java
+  java -cp $ASMTOOLS org.openjdk.asmtools.Main jdec MyValue1Mismatch.class MyValue2Mismatch.class MyValue3Mismatch.class MyValue4Mismatch.class MyValue5Mismatch.class MyValue6Mismatch.class MyValue7Mismatch.class Verifiable.class B.class I3.class I4.class E.class G.class J.class K.class L.class P.class Q.class R.class S.class TestMismatchHandlingHelper.class > TestMismatchHandling.jcod
+
+  # Without preload attribute
+  sed -i 's/value class MyValue/class MyValue/g' TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java
+  javac TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java
+  java -cp $ASMTOOLS org.openjdk.asmtools.Main jdec A.class C.class I1.class I2.class D.class F.class H.class I5.class M.class N.class O.class I6.class P.class >> TestMismatchHandling.jcod
+
+  sed -i 's/class MyValue/value class MyValue/g' TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java
+*/
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+public class TestMismatchHandling {
+    public static final WhiteBox WHITE_BOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        M m = new M();
+        // Make sure M::method is C1 compiled once with unloaded MyValue4 and not re-compiled
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test4(m, true);
+        }
+        Method disable = M.class.getDeclaredMethod("method", boolean.class);
+        WHITE_BOX.makeMethodNotCompilable(disable, 1, false);
+        WHITE_BOX.makeMethodNotCompilable(disable, 2, false);
+        WHITE_BOX.makeMethodNotCompilable(disable, 3, false);
+        WHITE_BOX.makeMethodNotCompilable(disable, 4, false);
+
+        // Sometimes, exclude some methods from compilation with C2 to stress test the calling convention
+        // WARNING: This triggers class loading of argument/return types of all methods!
+        if (Utils.getRandomInstance().nextBoolean()) {
+            ArrayList<Method> methods = new ArrayList<Method>();
+            Collections.addAll(methods, TestMismatchHandlingHelper.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            Collections.addAll(methods, A.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            Collections.addAll(methods, B.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            Collections.addAll(methods, C.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            Collections.addAll(methods, E.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            Collections.addAll(methods, F.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            Collections.addAll(methods, G.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            Collections.addAll(methods, H.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            Collections.addAll(methods, J.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            Collections.addAll(methods, K.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            Collections.addAll(methods, L.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            // Don't do this because it would load MyValue5
+            // Collections.addAll(methods, N.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            System.out.println("Excluding methods from C2 compilation:");
+            for (Method method : methods) {
+                if (Utils.getRandomInstance().nextBoolean()) {
+                    System.out.println(method);
+                    WHITE_BOX.makeMethodNotCompilable(method, 4, false);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        A a = new A();
+        B b = new B();
+        C c = new C();
+        D d = new D();
+        E e = new E();
+        H h = new H();
+        J j = new J();
+        K k = new K();
+        N n = new N();
+        O o = new O();
+        P p = new P();
+        Q q = new Q();
+        R r = new R();
+
+        // Warmup
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; ++i) {
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test1(a, a, a, b, c, b, b, c);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test1(b, a, a, b, c, b, b, c);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test1(c, b, a, b, c, c, b, c);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test2(d, d, d, d, d, d,  d, d, d, d, d, d,  e, e, e, e, e, e,  e, e, e, e, e, e,  d, e);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test2(d, d, d, d, d, d,  d, d, d, d, d, d,  e, e, e, e, e, e,  e, e, e, e, e, e,  d, e);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test3(h, h, h,  j, k, j, k, j,  h, k);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test3(h, h, h,  j, k, j, k, k,  h, k);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test4(m, true);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test5(n, true);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test7(o, true);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test8(p, p, p,  q, r, q, r, q,  p, r);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test8(p, p, p,  q, r, q, r, r,  p, r);
+        }
+
+        // Only load these now
+        F f = new F();
+        G g = new G();
+        L l = new L();
+        S s = new S();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; ++i) {
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test1(a, a, a, b, c, b, b, c);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test1(b, a, a, b, c, b, b, c);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test1(c, b, a, b, c, c, b, c);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test2(d, f, g, d, f, d,  d, f, g, d, f, d,  e, f, g, e, f, g,  e, f, g, e, f, g,  d, e);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test2(d, f, g, d, f, f,  d, f, g, d, f, f,  e, f, g, e, f, f,  e, f, g, e, f, f,  d, e);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test2(d, f, g, f, g, g,  d, f, g, f, g, g,  e, f, g, f, g, g,  e, f, g, f, g, g,  d, e);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test3(h, l, h,  j, k, j, k, j,  h, k);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test3(h, l, h,  j, k, k, k, k,  h, k);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test3(h, l, l,  j, k, k, l, l,  h, l);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test4(m, false);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test5(n, false);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test6(f, g, l);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test7TriggerCalleeCompilation(o);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test8(p, s, p,  q, r, q, r, q,  p, r);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test8(p, s, p,  q, r, r, r, r,  p, r);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test8(p, s, s,  q, r, r, s, s,  p, s);
+        }
+        TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test7(o, false).verify();
+
+        switch (Utils.getRandomInstance().nextInt() % 3) {
+        case 0:
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test2(d, d, d, d, d, d,  d, d, d, d, d, d,  e, e, e, e, e, e,  e, e, e, e, e, e,  d, e);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test3(l, h, l,  k, l, l, j, j,  h, l);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test8(s, p, s,  r, s, s, q, q,  p, s);
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test2(f, f, f, f, f, f,  f, f, f, f, f, f,  f, f, f, f, f, f,  f, f, f, f, f, f,  d, e);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test3(l, h, l,  l, j, j, k, l,  h, l);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test8(s, p, s,  s, q, q, r, s,  p, s);
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test2(g, g, g, g, g, g,  g, g, g, g, g, g,  g, g, g, g, g, g,  g, g, g, g, g, g,  d, e);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test3(l, h, l,  j, k, k, l, j,  h, l);
+            TestMismatchHandlingHelper.test8(s, p, s,  q, r, r, s, q,  p, s);
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMismatchHandling.jcod b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMismatchHandling.jcod
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..167ded12f1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMismatchHandling.jcod
@@ -0,0 +1,3704 @@
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue1Mismatch {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    class #2; // #1
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue1Mismatch"; // #2
+    Field #1 #4; // #3
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #4
+    Utf8 "x"; // #5
+    Utf8 "I"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #12; // #9
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #10
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #11
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #12
+    Utf8 "ConstantValue"; // #13
+    int 0x0000002A; // #14
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #15
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #16
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #17
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #18
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #19
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0010; // access
+  #1;// this_cpx
+  #8;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+    {  // field
+      0x0810; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#13) { // ConstantValue
+          #14;
+        } // end ConstantValue
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #11; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#15) { // Code
+          2; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A102AB500032AB7;
+            0x0007B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#16) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  27;
+                6  26;
+                10  27;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #17; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#15) { // Code
+          0; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0xB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#16) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  33;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#18) { // SourceFile
+      #19;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue1Mismatch
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    class #2; // #1
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch"; // #2
+    Field #1 #4; // #3
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #4
+    Utf8 "x"; // #5
+    Utf8 "I"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #12; // #9
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #10
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #11
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #12
+    Utf8 "ConstantValue"; // #13
+    int 0x0000002A; // #14
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #15
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #16
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #17
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #18
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #19
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0010; // access
+  #1;// this_cpx
+  #8;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+    {  // field
+      0x0810; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#13) { // ConstantValue
+          #14;
+        } // end ConstantValue
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #11; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#15) { // Code
+          2; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A102AB500032AB7;
+            0x0007B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#16) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  37;
+                6  36;
+                10  37;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #17; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#15) { // Code
+          0; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0xB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#16) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  43;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#18) { // SourceFile
+      #19;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3Mismatch {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    class #2; // #1
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3Mismatch"; // #2
+    Field #1 #4; // #3
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #4
+    Utf8 "x"; // #5
+    Utf8 "I"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #12; // #9
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #10
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #11
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #12
+    Utf8 "ConstantValue"; // #13
+    int 0x0000002A; // #14
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #15
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #16
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #17
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #18
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #19
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0010; // access
+  #1;// this_cpx
+  #8;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+    {  // field
+      0x0810; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#13) { // ConstantValue
+          #14;
+        } // end ConstantValue
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #11; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#15) { // Code
+          2; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A102AB500032AB7;
+            0x0007B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#16) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  47;
+                6  46;
+                10  47;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #17; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#15) { // Code
+          0; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0xB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#16) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  53;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#18) { // SourceFile
+      #19;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3Mismatch
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue4Mismatch {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    class #2; // #1
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue4Mismatch"; // #2
+    Field #1 #4; // #3
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #4
+    Utf8 "x"; // #5
+    Utf8 "I"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #12; // #9
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #10
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #11
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #12
+    Method #1 #9; // #13
+    Utf8 "ConstantValue"; // #14
+    int 0x0000002A; // #15
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #16
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #17
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #18
+    Utf8 "make"; // #19
+    Utf8 "()Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue4Mismatch;"; // #20
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #21
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #22
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0010; // access
+  #1;// this_cpx
+  #8;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+    {  // field
+      0x0810; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#14) { // ConstantValue
+          #15;
+        } // end ConstantValue
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #11; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // Code
+          2; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A102AB500032AB7;
+            0x0007B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#17) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  57;
+                6  56;
+                10  57;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #18; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // Code
+          0; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0xB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#17) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  63;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0008; // access
+      #19; // name_index
+      #20; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // Code
+          2; // max_stack
+          0; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0xBB000159B7000DB0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#17) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  66;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#21) { // SourceFile
+      #22;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue4Mismatch
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue5Mismatch {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    class #2; // #1
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue5Mismatch"; // #2
+    Field #1 #4; // #3
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #4
+    Utf8 "x"; // #5
+    Utf8 "I"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #12; // #9
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #10
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #11
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #12
+    Method #1 #9; // #13
+    class #15; // #14
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/Verifiable"; // #15
+    Utf8 "ConstantValue"; // #16
+    int 0x0000002A; // #17
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #18
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #19
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #20
+    Utf8 "make"; // #21
+    Utf8 "()Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue5Mismatch;"; // #22
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #23
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #24
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0010; // access
+  #1;// this_cpx
+  #8;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+    #14;
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+    {  // field
+      0x0810; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // ConstantValue
+          #17;
+        } // end ConstantValue
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #11; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // Code
+          2; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A102AB500032AB7;
+            0x0007B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#19) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  75;
+                6  74;
+                10  75;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #20; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // Code
+          0; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0xB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#19) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  82;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0008; // access
+      #21; // name_index
+      #22; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // Code
+          2; // max_stack
+          0; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0xBB000159B7000DB0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#19) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  85;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#23) { // SourceFile
+      #24;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue5Mismatch
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue6Mismatch {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    class #2; // #1
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue6Mismatch"; // #2
+    Field #1 #4; // #3
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #4
+    Utf8 "x"; // #5
+    Utf8 "I"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #12; // #9
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #10
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #11
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #12
+    Method #1 #9; // #13
+    class #15; // #14
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/Verifiable"; // #15
+    Utf8 "ConstantValue"; // #16
+    int 0x0000002A; // #17
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #18
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #19
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #20
+    Utf8 "make"; // #21
+    Utf8 "()Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue6Mismatch;"; // #22
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #23
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #24
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0010; // access
+  #1;// this_cpx
+  #8;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+    #14;
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+    {  // field
+      0x0810; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // ConstantValue
+          #17;
+        } // end ConstantValue
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #11; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // Code
+          2; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A102AB500032AB7;
+            0x0007B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#19) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  90;
+                6  89;
+                10  90;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #20; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // Code
+          0; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0xB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#19) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  97;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0008; // access
+      #21; // name_index
+      #22; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // Code
+          2; // max_stack
+          0; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0xBB000159B7000DB0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#19) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  100;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#23) { // SourceFile
+      #24;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue6Mismatch
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    class #2; // #1
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch"; // #2
+    Field #1 #4; // #3
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #4
+    Utf8 "x"; // #5
+    Utf8 "I"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #12; // #9
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #10
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #11
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #12
+    Utf8 "ConstantValue"; // #13
+    int 0x0000002A; // #14
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #15
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #16
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #17
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #18
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #19
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0010; // access
+  #1;// this_cpx
+  #8;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+    {  // field
+      0x0810; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#13) { // ConstantValue
+          #14;
+        } // end ConstantValue
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #11; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#15) { // Code
+          2; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A102AB500032AB7;
+            0x0007B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#16) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  105;
+                6  104;
+                10  105;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #17; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#15) { // Code
+          0; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0xB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#16) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  111;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#18) { // SourceFile
+      #19;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/Verifiable {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    class #2; // #1
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/Verifiable"; // #2
+    class #4; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #7
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #8
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0600; // access
+  #1;// this_cpx
+  #3;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0401; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#7) { // SourceFile
+      #8;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/Verifiable
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/B {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/A"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #6; // #9
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue1Mismatch"; // #10
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #11
+    class #13; // #12
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/B"; // #13
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #14
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #15
+    Utf8 "method"; // #16
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue1Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue1Mismatch;"; // #17
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #18
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #19
+    Utf8 "LoadableDescriptors"; // #20
+    Utf8 "Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue1Mismatch;"; // #21
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0020; // access
+  #12;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#14) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#15) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  121;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #16; // name_index
+      #17; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#14) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          2; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2BB600072BB0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#15) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  124;
+                4  125;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#18) { // SourceFile
+      #19;
+    } // end SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#20) { // LoadableDescriptors
+      0x00010015;
+    } // end LoadableDescriptors
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/B
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I3 {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    class #2; // #1
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I3"; // #2
+    class #4; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "method"; // #5
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch;"; // #6
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #7
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #8
+    Utf8 "LoadableDescriptors"; // #9
+    Utf8 "Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch;"; // #10
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0600; // access
+  #1;// this_cpx
+  #3;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0401; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#7) { // SourceFile
+      #8;
+    } // end SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#9) { // LoadableDescriptors
+      0x0001000A;
+    } // end LoadableDescriptors
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I3
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I4 {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    class #2; // #1
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I4"; // #2
+    class #4; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    class #6; // #5
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I3"; // #6
+    Utf8 "method"; // #7
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch;"; // #8
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #9
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #10
+    Utf8 "LoadableDescriptors"; // #11
+    Utf8 "Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch;"; // #12
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0600; // access
+  #1;// this_cpx
+  #3;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+    #5;
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0401; // access
+      #7; // name_index
+      #8; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#9) { // SourceFile
+      #10;
+    } // end SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#11) { // LoadableDescriptors
+      0x0001000C;
+    } // end LoadableDescriptors
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I4
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/E {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #6; // #9
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch"; // #10
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #11
+    class #13; // #12
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/E"; // #13
+    class #15; // #14
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I4"; // #15
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #16
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #17
+    Utf8 "method"; // #18
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch;"; // #19
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #20
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #21
+    Utf8 "LoadableDescriptors"; // #22
+    Utf8 "Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch;"; // #23
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0020; // access
+  #12;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+    #14;
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#17) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  162;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #18; // name_index
+      #19; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          2; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2BB600072BB0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#17) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  165;
+                4  166;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#20) { // SourceFile
+      #21;
+    } // end SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#22) { // LoadableDescriptors
+      0x00010017;
+    } // end LoadableDescriptors
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/E
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/G {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #6; // #9
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch"; // #10
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #11
+    class #13; // #12
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/G"; // #13
+    class #15; // #14
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I2"; // #15
+    class #17; // #16
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I4"; // #17
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #18
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #19
+    Utf8 "method"; // #20
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch;"; // #21
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #22
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #23
+    Utf8 "LoadableDescriptors"; // #24
+    Utf8 "Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch;"; // #25
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0020; // access
+  #12;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+    #14;
+    #16;
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#19) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  179;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #20; // name_index
+      #21; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          2; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2BB600072BB0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#19) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  182;
+                4  183;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#22) { // SourceFile
+      #23;
+    } // end SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#24) { // LoadableDescriptors
+      0x00010019;
+    } // end LoadableDescriptors
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/G
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/J {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #6; // #9
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3Mismatch"; // #10
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #11
+    class #13; // #12
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/J"; // #13
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #14
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #15
+    Utf8 "method"; // #16
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3Mismatch;"; // #17
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #18
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #19
+    Utf8 "LoadableDescriptors"; // #20
+    Utf8 "Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3Mismatch;"; // #21
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0020; // access
+  #12;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#14) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#15) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  199;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #16; // name_index
+      #17; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#14) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          2; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2BB600072BB0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#15) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  201;
+                4  202;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#18) { // SourceFile
+      #19;
+    } // end SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#20) { // LoadableDescriptors
+      0x00010015;
+    } // end LoadableDescriptors
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/J
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/K {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/J"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #6; // #9
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3Mismatch"; // #10
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #11
+    class #13; // #12
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/K"; // #13
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #14
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #15
+    Utf8 "method"; // #16
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3Mismatch;"; // #17
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #18
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #19
+    Utf8 "LoadableDescriptors"; // #20
+    Utf8 "Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3Mismatch;"; // #21
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0020; // access
+  #12;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#14) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#15) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  206;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #16; // name_index
+      #17; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#14) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          2; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2BB600072BB0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#15) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  209;
+                4  210;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#18) { // SourceFile
+      #19;
+    } // end SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#20) { // LoadableDescriptors
+      0x00010015;
+    } // end LoadableDescriptors
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/K
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/L {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/K"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #6; // #9
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3Mismatch"; // #10
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #11
+    class #13; // #12
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/L"; // #13
+    class #15; // #14
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I5"; // #15
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #16
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #17
+    Utf8 "method"; // #18
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3Mismatch;"; // #19
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #20
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #21
+    Utf8 "LoadableDescriptors"; // #22
+    Utf8 "Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3Mismatch;"; // #23
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0020; // access
+  #12;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+    #14;
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#17) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  214;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #18; // name_index
+      #19; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          2; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2BB600072BB0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#17) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  217;
+                4  218;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#20) { // SourceFile
+      #21;
+    } // end SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#22) { // LoadableDescriptors
+      0x00010017;
+    } // end LoadableDescriptors
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/L
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/P {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #6; // #9
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch"; // #10
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #11
+    class #13; // #12
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/P"; // #13
+    class #15; // #14
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I6"; // #15
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #16
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #17
+    Utf8 "method"; // #18
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch;"; // #19
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #20
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #21
+    Utf8 "LoadableDescriptors"; // #22
+    Utf8 "Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch;"; // #23
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0020; // access
+  #12;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+    #14;
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#17) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  265;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #18; // name_index
+      #19; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          2; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2BB600072BB0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#17) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  268;
+                4  269;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#20) { // SourceFile
+      #21;
+    } // end SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#22) { // LoadableDescriptors
+      0x00010017;
+    } // end LoadableDescriptors
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/P
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/Q {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #6; // #9
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch"; // #10
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #11
+    class #13; // #12
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/Q"; // #13
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #14
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #15
+    Utf8 "method"; // #16
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch;"; // #17
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #18
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #19
+    Utf8 "LoadableDescriptors"; // #20
+    Utf8 "Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch;"; // #21
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0020; // access
+  #12;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#14) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#15) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  273;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #16; // name_index
+      #17; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#14) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          2; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2BB600072BB0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#15) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  275;
+                4  276;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#18) { // SourceFile
+      #19;
+    } // end SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#20) { // LoadableDescriptors
+      0x00010015;
+    } // end LoadableDescriptors
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/Q
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/R {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/Q"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #6; // #9
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch"; // #10
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #11
+    class #13; // #12
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/R"; // #13
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #14
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #15
+    Utf8 "method"; // #16
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch;"; // #17
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #18
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #19
+    Utf8 "LoadableDescriptors"; // #20
+    Utf8 "Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch;"; // #21
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0020; // access
+  #12;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#14) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#15) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  280;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #16; // name_index
+      #17; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#14) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          2; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2BB600072BB0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#15) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  283;
+                4  284;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#18) { // SourceFile
+      #19;
+    } // end SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#20) { // LoadableDescriptors
+      0x00010015;
+    } // end LoadableDescriptors
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/R
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/S {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/R"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #6; // #9
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch"; // #10
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #11
+    class #13; // #12
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/S"; // #13
+    class #15; // #14
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I6"; // #15
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #16
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #17
+    Utf8 "method"; // #18
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch;"; // #19
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #20
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #21
+    Utf8 "LoadableDescriptors"; // #22
+    Utf8 "Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch;"; // #23
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0020; // access
+  #12;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+    #14;
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#17) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  288;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #18; // name_index
+      #19; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          2; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2BB600072BB0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#17) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  291;
+                4  292;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#20) { // SourceFile
+      #21;
+    } // end SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#22) { // LoadableDescriptors
+      0x00010017;
+    } // end LoadableDescriptors
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/S
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMismatchHandlingHelper {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    class #8; // #7
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue1Mismatch"; // #8
+    Method #7 #3; // #9
+    Method #11 #12; // #10
+    class #13; // #11
+    NameAndType #14 #15; // #12
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/A"; // #13
+    Utf8 "method"; // #14
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue1Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue1Mismatch;"; // #15
+    Method #7 #17; // #16
+    NameAndType #18 #6; // #17
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #18
+    Method #20 #12; // #19
+    class #21; // #20
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/B"; // #21
+    Method #23 #12; // #22
+    class #24; // #23
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/C"; // #24
+    class #26; // #25
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch"; // #26
+    Method #25 #3; // #27
+    InterfaceMethod #29 #30; // #28
+    class #31; // #29
+    NameAndType #14 #32; // #30
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I1"; // #31
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch;"; // #32
+    Method #25 #17; // #33
+    InterfaceMethod #35 #30; // #34
+    class #36; // #35
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I2"; // #36
+    Method #38 #30; // #37
+    class #39; // #38
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/D"; // #39
+    InterfaceMethod #41 #30; // #40
+    class #42; // #41
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I3"; // #42
+    InterfaceMethod #44 #30; // #43
+    class #45; // #44
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I4"; // #45
+    Method #47 #30; // #46
+    class #48; // #47
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/E"; // #48
+    class #50; // #49
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3Mismatch"; // #50
+    Method #49 #3; // #51
+    InterfaceMethod #53 #54; // #52
+    class #55; // #53
+    NameAndType #14 #56; // #54
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I5"; // #55
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3Mismatch;"; // #56
+    Method #49 #17; // #57
+    Method #59 #54; // #58
+    class #60; // #59
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/H"; // #60
+    Method #62 #54; // #61
+    class #63; // #62
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/J"; // #63
+    Method #65 #54; // #64
+    class #66; // #65
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/K"; // #66
+    Method #68 #69; // #67
+    class #70; // #68
+    NameAndType #14 #71; // #69
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/M"; // #70
+    Utf8 "(Z)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue4Mismatch;"; // #71
+    Method #73 #74; // #72
+    class #75; // #73
+    NameAndType #76 #77; // #74
+    Utf8 "java/util/Objects"; // #75
+    Utf8 "requireNonNull"; // #76
+    Utf8 "(Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/Object;"; // #77
+    class #79; // #78
+    Utf8 "java/lang/RuntimeException"; // #79
+    String #81; // #80
+    Utf8 "Verification failed"; // #81
+    Method #78 #83; // #82
+    NameAndType #5 #84; // #83
+    Utf8 "(Ljava/lang/String;)V"; // #84
+    Method #86 #87; // #85
+    class #88; // #86
+    NameAndType #14 #89; // #87
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/N"; // #88
+    Utf8 "(Z)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue5Mismatch;"; // #89
+    InterfaceMethod #91 #17; // #90
+    class #92; // #91
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/Verifiable"; // #92
+    Method #94 #30; // #93
+    class #95; // #94
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/F"; // #95
+    Method #97 #30; // #96
+    class #98; // #97
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/G"; // #98
+    Method #100 #54; // #99
+    class #101; // #100
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/L"; // #101
+    Method #103 #104; // #102
+    class #105; // #103
+    NameAndType #14 #106; // #104
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/O"; // #105
+    Utf8 "(Z)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue6Mismatch;"; // #106
+    Method #108 #17; // #107
+    class #109; // #108
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue6Mismatch"; // #109
+    class #111; // #110
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch"; // #111
+    Method #110 #3; // #112
+    InterfaceMethod #114 #115; // #113
+    class #116; // #114
+    NameAndType #14 #117; // #115
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I6"; // #116
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch;"; // #117
+    Method #110 #17; // #118
+    Method #120 #115; // #119
+    class #121; // #120
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/P"; // #121
+    Method #123 #115; // #122
+    class #124; // #123
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/Q"; // #124
+    Method #126 #115; // #125
+    class #127; // #126
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/R"; // #127
+    class #129; // #128
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMismatchHandlingHelper"; // #129
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #130
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #131
+    Utf8 "test1"; // #132
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/A;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/A;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/A;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/A;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/A;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/B;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/B;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/C;)V"; // #133
+    Utf8 "test2"; // #134
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I1;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I1;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I1;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I1;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I1;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I1;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I2;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I2;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I2;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I2;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I2;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I2;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I3;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I3;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I3;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I3;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I3;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I3;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I4;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I4;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I4;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I4;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I4;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I4;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/D;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/E;)V"; // #135
+    Utf8 "test3"; // #136
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I5;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I5;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I5;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/J;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/J;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/J;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/J;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/J;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/H;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/K;)V"; // #137
+    Utf8 "test4"; // #138
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/M;Z)V"; // #139
+    Utf8 "StackMapTable"; // #140
+    Utf8 "test5"; // #141
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/N;Z)V"; // #142
+    Utf8 "test6"; // #143
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/F;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/G;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/L;)V"; // #144
+    Utf8 "test7"; // #145
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/O;Z)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/Verifiable;"; // #146
+    Utf8 "test7TriggerCalleeCompilation"; // #147
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/O;)V"; // #148
+    Utf8 "test8"; // #149
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I6;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I6;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I6;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/Q;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/Q;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/Q;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/Q;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/Q;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/P;Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/R;)V"; // #150
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #151
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #152
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0020; // access
+  #128;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#130) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#131) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  296;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0009; // access
+      #132; // name_index
+      #133; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#130) { // Code
+          3; // max_stack
+          8; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2ABB000759B70009;
+            0xB6000AB600102BBB;
+            0x000759B70009B600;
+            0x0AB600102CBB0007;
+            0x59B70009B6000AB6;
+            0x00102DBB000759B7;
+            0x0009B6000AB60010;
+            0x1904BB000759B700;
+            0x09B6000AB6001019;
+            0x05BB000759B70009;
+            0xB60013B600101906;
+            0xBB000759B70009B6;
+            0x0013B600101907BB;
+            0x000759B70009B600;
+            0x16B60010B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#131) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  302;
+                14  303;
+                28  304;
+                42  305;
+                56  306;
+                71  308;
+                86  309;
+                101  310;
+                116  311;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0009; // access
+      #134; // name_index
+      #135; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#130) { // Code
+          3; // max_stack
+          26; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2ABB001959B7001B;
+            0xB9001C0200B60021;
+            0x2BBB001959B7001B;
+            0xB9001C0200B60021;
+            0x2CBB001959B7001B;
+            0xB9001C0200B60021;
+            0x2DBB001959B7001B;
+            0xB9001C0200B60021;
+            0x1904BB001959B700;
+            0x1BB9001C0200B600;
+            0x211905BB001959B7;
+            0x001BB9001C0200B6;
+            0x00211906BB001959;
+            0xB7001BB900220200;
+            0xB600211907BB0019;
+            0x59B7001BB9002202;
+            0x00B600211908BB00;
+            0x1959B7001BB90022;
+            0x0200B600211909BB;
+            0x001959B7001BB900;
+            0x220200B60021190A;
+            0xBB001959B7001BB9;
+            0x00220200B6002119;
+            0x0BBB001959B7001B;
+            0xB900220200B60021;
+            0x1918BB001959B700;
+            0x1BB60025B6002119;
+            0x0CBB001959B7001B;
+            0xB900280200B60021;
+            0x190DBB001959B700;
+            0x1BB900280200B600;
+            0x21190EBB001959B7;
+            0x001BB900280200B6;
+            0x0021190FBB001959;
+            0xB7001BB900280200;
+            0xB600211910BB0019;
+            0x59B7001BB9002802;
+            0x00B600211911BB00;
+            0x1959B7001BB90028;
+            0x0200B600211912BB;
+            0x001959B7001BB900;
+            0x2B0200B600211913;
+            0xBB001959B7001BB9;
+            0x002B0200B6002119;
+            0x14BB001959B7001B;
+            0xB9002B0200B60021;
+            0x1915BB001959B700;
+            0x1BB9002B0200B600;
+            0x211916BB001959B7;
+            0x001BB9002B0200B6;
+            0x00211917BB001959;
+            0xB7001BB9002B0200;
+            0xB600211919BB0019;
+            0x59B7001BB6002EB6;
+            0x0021B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#131) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  320;
+                16  321;
+                32  322;
+                48  323;
+                64  324;
+                81  325;
+                98  326;
+                115  327;
+                132  328;
+                149  329;
+                166  330;
+                183  331;
+                200  332;
+                215  334;
+                232  335;
+                249  336;
+                266  337;
+                283  338;
+                300  339;
+                317  340;
+                334  341;
+                351  342;
+                368  343;
+                385  344;
+                402  345;
+                419  346;
+                434  347;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0009; // access
+      #136; // name_index
+      #137; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#130) { // Code
+          3; // max_stack
+          10; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2ABB003159B70033;
+            0xB900340200B60039;
+            0x2BBB003159B70033;
+            0xB900340200B60039;
+            0x2CBB003159B70033;
+            0xB900340200B60039;
+            0x1908BB003159B700;
+            0x33B6003AB600392D;
+            0xBB003159B70033B6;
+            0x003DB600391904BB;
+            0x003159B70033B600;
+            0x3DB600391905BB00;
+            0x3159B70033B6003D;
+            0xB600391906BB0031;
+            0x59B70033B6003DB6;
+            0x00391907BB003159;
+            0xB70033B6003DB600;
+            0x391909BB003159B7;
+            0x0033B60040B60039;
+            0xB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#131) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  355;
+                16  356;
+                32  357;
+                48  358;
+                63  360;
+                77  361;
+                92  362;
+                107  363;
+                122  364;
+                137  365;
+                152  366;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0009; // access
+      #138; // name_index
+      #139; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#130) { // Code
+          3; // max_stack
+          2; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x1B99000C2A1BB600;
+            0x4357A7001D2A1BB6;
+            0x0043B8004857102A;
+            0x102A9F000DBB004E;
+            0x591250B70052BFB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#131) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  371;
+                4  372;
+                13  374;
+                29  375;
+                39  378;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+            ;
+            Attr(#140) { // StackMapTable
+              [] { // 
+                13b; // same_frame
+                25b; // same_frame
+              }
+            } // end StackMapTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0009; // access
+      #141; // name_index
+      #142; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#130) { // Code
+          2; // max_stack
+          3; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A1BB600554D1B9A;
+            0x00092CB9005A0100;
+            0xB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#131) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  383;
+                6  384;
+                10  385;
+                16  387;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+            ;
+            Attr(#140) { // StackMapTable
+              [] { // 
+                252b, 16, []z{O,91}; // append_frame 1
+              }
+            } // end StackMapTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0009; // access
+      #143; // name_index
+      #144; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#130) { // Code
+          3; // max_stack
+          3; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2ABB001959B7001B;
+            0xB6005D572BBB0019;
+            0x59B7001BB6006057;
+            0x2CBB003159B70033;
+            0xB6006357B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#131) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  391;
+                12  392;
+                24  393;
+                36  394;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0009; // access
+      #145; // name_index
+      #146; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#130) { // Code
+          2; // max_stack
+          2; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A1BB60066B0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#131) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  399;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0009; // access
+      #147; // name_index
+      #148; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#130) { // Code
+          2; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A04B60066572A03;
+            0xB60066B6006BB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#131) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  403;
+                6  404;
+                14  405;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0009; // access
+      #149; // name_index
+      #150; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#130) { // Code
+          3; // max_stack
+          10; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2ABB006E59B70070;
+            0xB900710200B60076;
+            0x2BBB006E59B70070;
+            0xB900710200B60076;
+            0x2CBB006E59B70070;
+            0xB900710200B60076;
+            0x1908BB006E59B700;
+            0x70B60077B600762D;
+            0xBB006E59B70070B6;
+            0x007AB600761904BB;
+            0x006E59B70070B600;
+            0x7AB600761905BB00;
+            0x6E59B70070B6007A;
+            0xB600761906BB006E;
+            0x59B70070B6007AB6;
+            0x00761907BB006E59;
+            0xB70070B6007AB600;
+            0x761909BB006E59B7;
+            0x0070B6007DB60076;
+            0xB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#131) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  414;
+                16  415;
+                32  416;
+                48  417;
+                63  419;
+                77  420;
+                92  421;
+                107  422;
+                122  423;
+                137  424;
+                152  425;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#151) { // SourceFile
+      #152;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMismatchHandlingHelper
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/A {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  0; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #6; // #9
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue1Mismatch"; // #10
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #11
+    class #13; // #12
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/A"; // #13
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #14
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #15
+    Utf8 "method"; // #16
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue1Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue1Mismatch;"; // #17
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #18
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #19
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0020; // access
+  #12;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#14) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#15) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  114;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #16; // name_index
+      #17; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#14) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          2; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2BB600072BB0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#15) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  116;
+                4  117;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#18) { // SourceFile
+      #19;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/A
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/C {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  0; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/B"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #6; // #9
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue1Mismatch"; // #10
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #11
+    class #13; // #12
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/C"; // #13
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #14
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #15
+    Utf8 "method"; // #16
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue1Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue1Mismatch;"; // #17
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #18
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #19
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0020; // access
+  #12;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#14) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#15) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  129;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #16; // name_index
+      #17; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#14) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          2; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2BB600072BB0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#15) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  132;
+                4  133;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#18) { // SourceFile
+      #19;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/C
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I1 {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  0; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    class #2; // #1
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I1"; // #2
+    class #4; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "method"; // #5
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch;"; // #6
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #7
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #8
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0600; // access
+  #1;// this_cpx
+  #3;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0401; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#7) { // SourceFile
+      #8;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I1
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I2 {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  0; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    class #2; // #1
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I2"; // #2
+    class #4; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    class #6; // #5
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I1"; // #6
+    Utf8 "method"; // #7
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch;"; // #8
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #9
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #10
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0600; // access
+  #1;// this_cpx
+  #3;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+    #5;
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0401; // access
+      #7; // name_index
+      #8; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#9) { // SourceFile
+      #10;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I2
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/D {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  0; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #6; // #9
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch"; // #10
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #11
+    class #13; // #12
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/D"; // #13
+    class #15; // #14
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I2"; // #15
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #16
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #17
+    Utf8 "method"; // #18
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch;"; // #19
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #20
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #21
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0020; // access
+  #12;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+    #14;
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#17) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  154;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #18; // name_index
+      #19; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          2; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2BB600072BB0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#17) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  157;
+                4  158;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#20) { // SourceFile
+      #21;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/D
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/F {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  0; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #6; // #9
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch"; // #10
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #11
+    class #13; // #12
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/F"; // #13
+    class #15; // #14
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I2"; // #15
+    class #17; // #16
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I4"; // #17
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #18
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #19
+    Utf8 "method"; // #20
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue2Mismatch;"; // #21
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #22
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #23
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0020; // access
+  #12;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+    #14;
+    #16;
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#19) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  171;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #20; // name_index
+      #21; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          2; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2BB600072BB0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#19) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  174;
+                4  175;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#22) { // SourceFile
+      #23;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/F
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/H {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  0; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #6; // #9
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3Mismatch"; // #10
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #11
+    class #13; // #12
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/H"; // #13
+    class #15; // #14
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I5"; // #15
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #16
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #17
+    Utf8 "method"; // #18
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3Mismatch;"; // #19
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #20
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #21
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0020; // access
+  #12;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+    #14;
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#17) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  191;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #18; // name_index
+      #19; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          2; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2BB600072BB0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#17) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  194;
+                4  195;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#20) { // SourceFile
+      #21;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/H
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I5 {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  0; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    class #2; // #1
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I5"; // #2
+    class #4; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "method"; // #5
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue3Mismatch;"; // #6
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #7
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #8
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0600; // access
+  #1;// this_cpx
+  #3;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0401; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#7) { // SourceFile
+      #8;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I5
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/M {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  0; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    Field #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #12; // #9
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/M"; // #10
+    Utf8 "val"; // #11
+    Utf8 "I"; // #12
+    Method #14 #15; // #13
+    class #16; // #14
+    NameAndType #17 #18; // #15
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue4Mismatch"; // #16
+    Utf8 "make"; // #17
+    Utf8 "()Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue4Mismatch;"; // #18
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #19
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #20
+    Utf8 "method"; // #21
+    Utf8 "(Z)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue4Mismatch;"; // #22
+    Utf8 "StackMapTable"; // #23
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #24
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #25
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0020; // access
+  #8;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+    {  // field
+      0x0000; // access
+      #11; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#19) { // Code
+          2; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB700012A03B500;
+            0x07B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#20) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  222;
+                4  223;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #21; // name_index
+      #22; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#19) { // Code
+          3; // max_stack
+          4; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x1B99000501B0B800;
+            0x0D4D033E1D100AA2;
+            0x00132A59B4000704;
+            0x60B50007840301A7;
+            0xFFED2CB0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#20) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  226;
+                4  227;
+                6  229;
+                10  231;
+                18  232;
+                28  231;
+                34  234;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+            ;
+            Attr(#23) { // StackMapTable
+              [] { // 
+                6b; // same_frame
+                253b, 5, []z{O,14; I}; // append_frame 2
+                250b, 21; // chop_frame 1
+              }
+            } // end StackMapTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#24) { // SourceFile
+      #25;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/M
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/N {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  0; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #12; // #9
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue5Mismatch"; // #10
+    Utf8 "make"; // #11
+    Utf8 "()Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue5Mismatch;"; // #12
+    class #14; // #13
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/N"; // #14
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #15
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #16
+    Utf8 "method"; // #17
+    Utf8 "(Z)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue5Mismatch;"; // #18
+    Utf8 "StackMapTable"; // #19
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #20
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #21
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0020; // access
+  #13;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#15) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#16) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  239;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #17; // name_index
+      #18; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#15) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          2; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x1B99000501B0B800;
+            0x07B0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#16) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  241;
+                4  242;
+                6  244;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+            ;
+            Attr(#19) { // StackMapTable
+              [] { // 
+                6b; // same_frame
+              }
+            } // end StackMapTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#20) { // SourceFile
+      #21;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/N
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/O {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  0; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #12; // #9
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue6Mismatch"; // #10
+    Utf8 "make"; // #11
+    Utf8 "()Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue6Mismatch;"; // #12
+    class #14; // #13
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/O"; // #14
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #15
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #16
+    Utf8 "method"; // #17
+    Utf8 "(Z)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue6Mismatch;"; // #18
+    Utf8 "StackMapTable"; // #19
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #20
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #21
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0020; // access
+  #13;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#15) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#16) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  249;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #17; // name_index
+      #18; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#15) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          2; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x1B99000501B0B800;
+            0x07B0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#16) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  251;
+                4  252;
+                6  254;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+            ;
+            Attr(#19) { // StackMapTable
+              [] { // 
+                6b; // same_frame
+              }
+            } // end StackMapTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#20) { // SourceFile
+      #21;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/O
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I6 {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  0; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    class #2; // #1
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I6"; // #2
+    class #4; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "method"; // #5
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch;"; // #6
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #7
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #8
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #9
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #10
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0600; // access
+  #1;// this_cpx
+  #3;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#7) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          2; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x01B0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#8) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  261;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#9) { // SourceFile
+      #10;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I6
+class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/P {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  0; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #6; // #9
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch"; // #10
+    Utf8 "verify"; // #11
+    class #13; // #12
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/P"; // #13
+    class #15; // #14
+    Utf8 "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/I6"; // #15
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #16
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #17
+    Utf8 "method"; // #18
+    Utf8 "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch;)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue7Mismatch;"; // #19
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #20
+    Utf8 "TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java"; // #21
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0020; // access
+  #12;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+    #14;
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#17) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  265;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #18; // name_index
+      #19; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          2; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2BB600072BB0;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#17) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  268;
+                4  269;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#20) { // SourceFile
+      #21;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/P
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d80f5aaa206
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMismatchHandlingGenerator.java
@@ -0,0 +1,426 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+value class MyValue1Mismatch {
+    int x = 42;
+
+    void verify() {
+        if (x != 42) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Verification failed");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+value class MyValue2Mismatch {
+    int x = 42;
+
+    void verify() {
+        if (x != 42) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Verification failed");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+value class MyValue3Mismatch {
+    int x = 42;
+
+    void verify() {
+        if (x != 42) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Verification failed");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+value class MyValue4Mismatch {
+    int x = 42;
+
+    public void verify() {
+        if (x != 42) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Verification failed");
+        }
+    }
+
+    static MyValue4Mismatch make() {
+        return new MyValue4Mismatch();
+    }
+}
+
+interface Verifiable {
+    public void verify();
+}
+
+value class MyValue5Mismatch implements Verifiable {
+    int x = 42;
+
+    @Override
+    public void verify() {
+        if (x != 42) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Verification failed");
+        }
+    }
+
+    static MyValue5Mismatch make() {
+        return new MyValue5Mismatch();
+    }
+}
+
+value class MyValue6Mismatch implements Verifiable {
+    int x = 42;
+
+    @Override
+    public void verify() {
+        if (x != 42) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Verification failed");
+        }
+    }
+
+    static MyValue6Mismatch make() {
+        return new MyValue6Mismatch();
+    }
+}
+
+value class MyValue7Mismatch {
+    int x = 42;
+
+    void verify() {
+        if (x != 42) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Verification failed");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class A {
+    public MyValue1Mismatch method(MyValue1Mismatch arg) {
+        arg.verify();
+        return arg;
+    }
+}
+
+class B extends A {
+    @Override
+    public MyValue1Mismatch method(MyValue1Mismatch arg) {
+        arg.verify();
+        return arg;
+    }
+}
+
+class C extends B {
+    @Override
+    public MyValue1Mismatch method(MyValue1Mismatch arg) {
+        arg.verify();
+        return arg;
+    }
+}
+
+interface I1 {
+    public MyValue2Mismatch method(MyValue2Mismatch arg);
+}
+
+interface I2 extends I1 {
+    public MyValue2Mismatch method(MyValue2Mismatch arg);
+}
+
+interface I3 {
+    public MyValue2Mismatch method(MyValue2Mismatch arg);
+}
+
+interface I4 extends I3 {
+    public MyValue2Mismatch method(MyValue2Mismatch arg);
+}
+
+
+class D implements I2 {
+    @Override
+    public MyValue2Mismatch method(MyValue2Mismatch arg) {
+        arg.verify();
+        return arg;
+    }
+}
+
+class E implements I4 {
+    @Override
+    public MyValue2Mismatch method(MyValue2Mismatch arg) {
+        arg.verify();
+        return arg;
+    }
+}
+
+
+class F implements I2, I4 {
+    @Override
+    public MyValue2Mismatch method(MyValue2Mismatch arg) {
+        arg.verify();
+        return arg;
+    }
+}
+
+class G implements I2, I4 {
+    @Override
+    public MyValue2Mismatch method(MyValue2Mismatch arg) {
+        arg.verify();
+        return arg;
+    }
+}
+
+interface I5 {
+    public MyValue3Mismatch method(MyValue3Mismatch arg);
+}
+
+class H implements I5 {
+    @Override
+    public MyValue3Mismatch method(MyValue3Mismatch arg) {
+        arg.verify();
+        return arg;
+    }
+}
+
+class J {
+    public MyValue3Mismatch method(MyValue3Mismatch arg) {
+        arg.verify();
+        return arg;
+    }
+}
+
+class K extends J {
+    @Override
+    public MyValue3Mismatch method(MyValue3Mismatch arg) {
+        arg.verify();
+        return arg;
+    }
+}
+
+class L extends K implements I5 {
+    @Override
+    public MyValue3Mismatch method(MyValue3Mismatch arg) {
+        arg.verify();
+        return arg;
+    }
+}
+
+class M {
+    int val = 0;
+
+    public MyValue4Mismatch method(boolean warmup) {
+        if (warmup) {
+            return null;
+        } else {
+            MyValue4Mismatch res = MyValue4Mismatch.make();
+            // Do something here to "corrupt" registers
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+                val++;
+            }
+            return res;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class N {
+    public MyValue5Mismatch method(boolean warmup) {
+        if (warmup) {
+            return null;
+        } else {
+            return MyValue5Mismatch.make();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class O {
+    public MyValue6Mismatch method(boolean warmup) {
+        if (warmup) {
+            return null;
+        } else {
+            return MyValue6Mismatch.make();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+interface I6 {
+    default MyValue7Mismatch method(MyValue7Mismatch arg) {
+        return null;
+    }
+}
+
+class P implements I6 {
+    @Override
+    public MyValue7Mismatch method(MyValue7Mismatch arg) {
+        arg.verify();
+        return arg;
+    }
+}
+
+class Q {
+    MyValue7Mismatch method(MyValue7Mismatch arg) {
+        arg.verify();
+        return arg;
+    }
+}
+
+class R extends Q {
+    @Override
+    MyValue7Mismatch method(MyValue7Mismatch arg) {
+        arg.verify();
+        return arg;
+    }
+}
+
+class S extends R implements I6 {
+    @Override
+    public MyValue7Mismatch method(MyValue7Mismatch arg) {
+        arg.verify();
+        return arg;
+    }
+}
+
+class TestMismatchHandlingHelper {
+    // * = has preload attribute for MyValue*
+
+    // With C <: B* <: A
+    public static void test1(A a1, A a2, A a3, A a4, A a5, B b1, B b2, C c) {
+        // Non-scalarized virtual call site, mismatching on B
+        a1.method(new MyValue1Mismatch()).verify();
+        a2.method(new MyValue1Mismatch()).verify();
+        a3.method(new MyValue1Mismatch()).verify();
+        a4.method(new MyValue1Mismatch()).verify();
+        a5.method(new MyValue1Mismatch()).verify();
+        // Scalarized virtual call sites, mismatching on C
+        b1.method(new MyValue1Mismatch()).verify();
+        b2.method(new MyValue1Mismatch()).verify();
+        c.method(new MyValue1Mismatch()).verify();
+    }
+
+    // D  <: I2  <: I1
+    // E* <: I4* <: I3*
+    // Loaded later, combine both hierarchies and introduce a mismatch:
+    // F  <: I2, I4*
+    // G* <: I2, I4*
+    public static void test2(I1 i11, I1 i12, I1 i13, I1 i14, I1 i15, I1 i16, I2 i21, I2 i22, I2 i23, I2 i24, I2 i25, I2 i26, I3 i31, I3 i32, I3 i33, I3 i34, I3 i35, I3 i36, I4 i41, I4 i42, I4 i43, I4 i44, I4 i45, I4 i46, D d, E e) {
+        // Non-scalarized virtual call sites, mismatching on E
+        i11.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        i12.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        i13.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        i14.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        i15.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        i16.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        i21.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        i22.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        i23.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        i24.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        i25.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        i26.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        d.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        // Scalarized virtual call sites, mismatching on D
+        i31.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        i32.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        i33.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        i34.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        i35.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        i36.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        i41.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        i42.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        i43.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        i44.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        i45.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        i46.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+        e.method(new MyValue2Mismatch()).verify();
+    }
+
+    // H  <: I5
+    // K* <: J*
+    // Loaded later, combines both hierarchies and introduces a mismatch:
+    // L* <: K*, I5
+    public static void test3(I5 i51, I5 i52, I5 i53, J j1, J j2, J j3, J j4, J j5, H h, K k) {
+        // Non-scalarized virtual call sites, mismatching on L
+        i51.method(new MyValue3Mismatch()).verify();
+        i52.method(new MyValue3Mismatch()).verify();
+        i53.method(new MyValue3Mismatch()).verify();
+        h.method(new MyValue3Mismatch()).verify();
+        // Scalarized virtual call sites
+        j1.method(new MyValue3Mismatch()).verify();
+        j2.method(new MyValue3Mismatch()).verify();
+        j3.method(new MyValue3Mismatch()).verify();
+        j4.method(new MyValue3Mismatch()).verify();
+        j5.method(new MyValue3Mismatch()).verify();
+        k.method(new MyValue3Mismatch()).verify();
+    }
+
+    // Test that a C1 compiled method returns in scalarized form if the method holder class M
+    // is loaded but the value class return type is not due to a missing preload attribute.
+    public static void test4(M m, boolean warmup) {
+        if (warmup) {
+            m.method(warmup);
+        } else {
+            if (m.method(warmup).x != 42) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Verification failed");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test that C1 correctly handles scalarized returns at calls if the method holder class N
+    // is loaded but the value class return type is not due to a missing preload attribute.
+    public static void test5(N n, boolean warmup) {
+        Verifiable res = n.method(warmup);
+        if (!warmup) {
+            res.verify();
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test direct calls
+    public static void test6(F f, G g, L l) {
+        f.method(new MyValue2Mismatch());
+        g.method(new MyValue2Mismatch());
+        l.method(new MyValue3Mismatch());
+    }
+
+    // Test scalarized return from C2 compiled callee to C2 compiled caller with an unloaded
+    // return type at caller compile time due to a missing preload attribute.
+    public static Verifiable test7(O o, boolean warmup) {
+        return o.method(warmup);
+    }
+
+    public static void test7TriggerCalleeCompilation(O o) {
+        o.method(true);
+        o.method(false).verify();
+    }
+
+    // Same as test3 but with default method in interface and package private methods
+    // P  <: I6
+    // R* <: Q*
+    // Loaded later, combines both hierarchies and introduces a mismatch:
+    // S* <: R*, I6
+    public static void test8(I6 i61, I6 i62, I6 i63, Q q1, Q q2, Q q3, Q q4, Q q5, P p, R r) {
+        // Non-scalarized virtual call sites, mismatching on S
+        i61.method(new MyValue7Mismatch()).verify();
+        i62.method(new MyValue7Mismatch()).verify();
+        i63.method(new MyValue7Mismatch()).verify();
+        p.method(new MyValue7Mismatch()).verify();
+        // Scalarized virtual call sites
+        q1.method(new MyValue7Mismatch()).verify();
+        q2.method(new MyValue7Mismatch()).verify();
+        q3.method(new MyValue7Mismatch()).verify();
+        q4.method(new MyValue7Mismatch()).verify();
+        q5.method(new MyValue7Mismatch()).verify();
+        r.method(new MyValue7Mismatch()).verify();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMissingOptAcmp.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMissingOptAcmp.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8751f920267
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMissingOptAcmp.java
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary In CmpLNode::Ideal, we optimize expressions of the form
+ *          CmpL(OrL(CastP2X(..), CastP2X(..)), 0L) that are created
+ *          by Parse::do_acmp. If one of the operands has a NotNull type,
+ *          then it can be folded. This test ensures that this optimization
+ *          is not missed.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=1110
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+value class MyValue1MissingOptAcmp {
+    int x;
+
+    MyValue1MissingOptAcmp(int x) {
+        this.x = x;
+    }
+}
+
+public class TestMissingOptAcmp {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        test(new MyValue1MissingOptAcmp(1), new MyValue1MissingOptAcmp(1));
+    }
+
+    public static Object getNotNull(Object u) {
+        // results in a CastPP with NotNull type, which enables the optimization
+        return (u != null) ? u : new Object();
+    }
+
+    public static boolean test(MyValue1MissingOptAcmp v, Object u) {
+        return (Object)v == getNotNull(u);
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMissingOptCastSpeculative.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMissingOptCastSpeculative.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4882f16ad60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMissingOptCastSpeculative.java
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper;
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.*;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8367624
+ * @summary Writing a null value to an inline type array casts the array to
+ *          'not null free'. If there is a speculative type before the cast,
+ *          we have to make sure to cast it as well, otherwise we get a
+ *          missed value optimization.
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions
+ *                   -Xbatch -XX:PerMethodSpecTrapLimit=0 -XX:PerMethodTrapLimit=0
+ *                   -XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=1110 -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+public class TestMissingOptCastSpeculative {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestMissingOptCastSpeculative t = new TestMissingOptCastSpeculative();
+        MyValue1[] testValue1Array = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 3, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            try {
+                t.test(testValue1Array, 0);
+            } catch (Throwable e) {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    // stores null at the specified index in the array
+    private static final MethodHandle setArrayElementNull = InstructionHelper.buildMethodHandle(MethodHandles.lookup(),
+        "setArrayElementNull",
+        MethodType.methodType(void.class, TestMissingOptCastSpeculative.class, MyValue1[].class, int.class),
+        CODE -> {
+            CODE.
+            aload(1).
+            iload(2).
+            aconst_null().
+            aastore().
+            return_();
+        });
+
+    private void test(MyValue1[] va, int index) throws Throwable {
+        setArrayElementNull.invoke(this, va, index);
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMissingOptUseBaseOop.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMissingOptUseBaseOop.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a1f7138da75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMissingOptUseBaseOop.java
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8367623
+ * @summary When an InlineType has a larval oop and its <init> method is
+ *          not inlined, it prevents the Allocate node of the larval oop
+ *          to be eliminated. This ends up causing the report of a missed
+ *          optimization (InlineTypeNode::Ideal) after macro expansion.
+ *          That optimization should not be carried out, which is what this
+ *          test ensures.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions
+ *      -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *      -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*TestMissingOptUseBaseOop::test*
+ *      -XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=1110
+ *      compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestMissingOptUseBaseOop
+ * @run main compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestMissingOptUseBaseOop
+ */
+
+public class TestMissingOptUseBaseOop {
+    static class MyClass {}
+
+    static value class MyValue {
+        MyClass obj;
+
+        public MyValue(MyClass obj) {
+            this.obj = obj;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static MyValue field;
+
+    public static void test() {
+        field = new MyValue(null);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // We want to force inlining failure for MyValue::<init>,
+        // so we need 'new MyValue(...)' but not 'new MyClass()'
+        new MyValue(null);
+        test();
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMissingOptUseBaseOopNested.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMissingOptUseBaseOopNested.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8cc4daa0c8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMissingOptUseBaseOopNested.java
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.*;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary For InlineType nodes, we want to set the base oop if fields are loaded from memory.
+ *          This test ensures that this optimization is not missed when we have nested
+ *          inline types and InlineTypeNode::is_loaded suddenly returns something for one of
+ *          the nested types after another optimization.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline -XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=1110
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline -XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=1110
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+StressIGVN
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline -XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=1110
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+StressIGVN
+ *                   -XX:StressSeed=335817958
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+public class TestMissingOptUseBaseOopNested {
+    public TestMissingOptUseBaseOopNested() {
+        valueField1 = testValue1;
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestMissingOptUseBaseOopNested t = new TestMissingOptUseBaseOopNested();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            t.test();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    private static final MyValue1 testValue1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+
+    MyValue1 nullField;
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue1 valueField1;
+
+    MyValue1 getNullField1() {
+        return nullField;
+    }
+
+    MyValue1 getNullField2() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public void test() {
+        nullField = getNullField1(); // should not throw
+        try {
+            valueField1 = getNullField1();
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            valueField1 = getNullField2();
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMissingOptUseBaseOopParsing.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMissingOptUseBaseOopParsing.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..14a8b416935
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMissingOptUseBaseOopParsing.java
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.*;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary For InlineType nodes, we want to set the base oop if fields are loaded from memory.
+ *          This test ensures that this optimization is not missed when we create an InlineType
+ *          node in parsing with InlineTypeNode::buffer.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test*
+ *                   -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline -XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=1110
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+public class TestMissingOptUseBaseOopParsing {
+    @NullRestricted
+    static final MyValueEmpty empty = new MyValueEmpty();
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // avoid unloaded
+        Object[] array = (MyValueEmpty[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValueEmpty.class, 2, empty);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array[0], empty);
+
+        test();
+    }
+
+    public static Object helper(Object[] array) {
+        array[0] = new MyValueEmpty();
+        return array[1];
+    }
+
+    public static void test() {
+        Object[] array = (MyValueEmpty[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValueEmpty.class, 2, empty);
+        Object res = helper(array);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(array[0], empty);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMultidimArrays.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMultidimArrays.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..327d2b38277
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMultidimArrays.java
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @summary Test correct handling of multidimensional arrays.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestMultidimArrays
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestMultidimArrays::test*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestMultidimArrays
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:MultiArrayExpandLimit=0
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestMultidimArrays::test*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestMultidimArrays
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+StressReflectiveCode
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestMultidimArrays::test*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestMultidimArrays
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:-DoEscapeAnalysis
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestMultidimArrays::test*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestMultidimArrays
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestMultidimArrays {
+
+    static value class MyValue {
+        int val;
+
+        public MyValue(int val) {
+            this.val = val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static MyValue[][] test1() {
+        MyValue[][] arr = new MyValue[2][2];
+        arr[0][1] = new MyValue(42);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; i++) {
+        }
+        return arr;
+    }
+
+    static MyValue[][] test2() {
+        MyValue[][] arr = new MyValue[2][2];
+        arr[0][1] = new MyValue(42);
+        return arr;
+    }
+
+    static int[][] test3() {
+        int[][] arr = new int[2][2];
+        arr[0][1] = 42;
+        return arr;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; ++i) {
+            MyValue[][] res1 = test1();
+            Asserts.assertEQ(res1[0][0], null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(res1[0][1], new MyValue(42));
+
+            MyValue[][] res2 = test2();
+            Asserts.assertEQ(res2[0][0], null);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(res2[0][1], new MyValue(42));
+
+            int[][] res3 = test3();
+            Asserts.assertEQ(res3[0][0], 0);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(res3[0][1], 42);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNativeClone.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNativeClone.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..293ea66c1cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNativeClone.java
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8209702
+ * @summary Verify that the native clone intrinsic handles value objects.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/java.lang:+open
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-UseTypeProfile
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.MyValue::*
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestNativeClone::test*
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,jdk.internal.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor1::invoke
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,jdk.internal.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor1::invoke
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestNativeClone
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+value class MyValueNativeClone {
+    public int x;
+
+    public MyValueNativeClone(int x) {
+        this.x = x;
+    }
+}
+
+public class TestNativeClone {
+
+    public static void test1(Method clone, Object obj) {
+        try {
+            clone.invoke(obj);
+        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
+            // Expected
+            Asserts.assertTrue(e.getCause() instanceof CloneNotSupportedException, "Unexpected exception thrown");
+            return;
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected exception thrown", e);
+        }
+        throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
+        MyValueNativeClone vt = new MyValueNativeClone(42);
+        Method clone = Object.class.getDeclaredMethod("clone");
+        clone.setAccessible(true);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; ++i) {
+            test1(clone, vt);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNestedLoopUnswitchingWithManyFlatArrayChecks.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNestedLoopUnswitchingWithManyFlatArrayChecks.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b0a6e0d9ea8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNestedLoopUnswitchingWithManyFlatArrayChecks.java
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8384364
+ * @summary [lworld] C2: assert(cloned_flat_array_check->req() == 3) failed: unexpected number of inputs for FlatArrayCheck
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-BackgroundCompilation -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-UseArrayLoadStoreProfile ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+
+public class TestNestedLoopUnswitchingWithManyFlatArrayChecks {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        MyValue1[] objectArray = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newReferenceArray(MyValue1.class, 1);
+        MyValue1[] valueArray = new MyValue1[1];
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; i++) {
+            inlined1(objectArray, objectArray, 10);
+            test1(objectArray, objectArray);
+            test1(valueArray, valueArray);
+            inlined2(objectArray, objectArray, 10);
+            test2(objectArray, objectArray);
+            test2(valueArray, valueArray);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object field1;
+    static Object field2;
+
+    static void test1(MyValue1[] array1, MyValue1[] array2) {
+        int stop;
+        for (stop = 0; stop < 2; stop++) {
+        }
+        field1 = null;
+        field2 = null;
+
+        for (int j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+            inlined1(array1, array2, stop);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void inlined1(Object[] array1, Object[] array2, int stop) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < stop; i++) {
+            field1 = array1[0];
+            field2 = array2[0];
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test2(MyValue1[] array1, MyValue1[] array2) {
+        int stop;
+        for (stop = 0; stop < 2; stop++) {
+        }
+        field1 = null;
+        field2 = null;
+
+        for (int j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+            inlined2(array1, array2, stop);
+            inlined2(array1, array2, stop);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void inlined2(Object[] array1, Object[] array2, int stop) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < stop; i++) {
+            field1 = array1[0];
+            field2 = array2[0];
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue1 {
+        byte byteField;
+        MyValue1(byte byteField) {
+            this.byteField = byteField;
+        }
+     }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNestmateAccess.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNestmateAccess.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..33d2b3cef07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNestmateAccess.java
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8253416
+ * @summary Test nestmate access to flattened field if nest-host is not loaded.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.Test*::<init>
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestNestmateAccess
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.Test*::<init>
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestNestmateAccess
+ * @run main/othervm compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestNestmateAccess
+ */
+
+interface MyInterfaceNestmateAccess {
+    int hash();
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValueNestmateAccess implements MyInterfaceNestmateAccess {
+    int x = 42;
+    int y = 43;
+
+    @Override
+    public int hash() { return x + y; }
+}
+
+// Test load from flattened field in nestmate when nest-host is not loaded.
+class Test1NestmateAccess {
+    @NullRestricted
+    private MyValueNestmateAccess vt;
+
+    public Test1NestmateAccess(final MyValueNestmateAccess vt) {
+        this.vt = vt;
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public MyInterfaceNestmateAccess test() {
+        return new MyInterfaceNestmateAccess() {
+            // The vt field load does not link.
+            private int x = (Test1NestmateAccess.this).vt.hash();
+
+            @Override
+            public int hash() { return x; }
+        };
+    }
+}
+
+// Same as Test1NestmateAccess but outer class is a value class
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class Test2NestmateAccess {
+    @NullRestricted
+    private MyValueNestmateAccess vt;
+
+    public Test2NestmateAccess(final MyValueNestmateAccess vt) {
+        this.vt = vt;
+    }
+
+    public MyInterfaceNestmateAccess test() {
+        return new MyInterfaceNestmateAccess() {
+            // Delayed flattened load of Test2NestmateAccess.this.
+            // The vt field load does not link.
+            private int x = (Test2NestmateAccess.this).vt.hash();
+
+            @Override
+            public int hash() { return x; }
+        };
+    }
+}
+
+// Test store to flattened field in nestmate when nest-host is not loaded.
+class Test3NestmateAccess {
+    private MyValueNestmateAccess vt;
+
+    public MyInterfaceNestmateAccess test(MyValueNestmateAccess init) {
+        return new MyInterfaceNestmateAccess() {
+            // Store to the vt field does not link.
+            private MyValueNestmateAccess tmp = (vt = init);
+
+            @Override
+            public int hash() { return tmp.hash() + vt.hash(); }
+        };
+    }
+}
+
+// Same as Test1NestmateAccess but with static field
+class Test4NestmateAccess {
+    private static MyValueNestmateAccess vt = null;
+
+    public Test4NestmateAccess(final MyValueNestmateAccess vt) {
+        this.vt = vt;
+    }
+
+    public MyInterfaceNestmateAccess test() {
+        return new MyInterfaceNestmateAccess() {
+            // The vt field load does not link.
+            private int x = (Test4NestmateAccess.this).vt.hash();
+
+            @Override
+            public int hash() { return x; }
+        };
+    }
+}
+
+// Same as Test2NestmateAccess but with static field
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class Test5NestmateAccess {
+    private static MyValueNestmateAccess vt;
+
+    public Test5NestmateAccess(final MyValueNestmateAccess vt) {
+        Test5NestmateAccess.vt = vt;
+    }
+
+    public MyInterfaceNestmateAccess test() {
+        return new MyInterfaceNestmateAccess() {
+            // Delayed flattened load of Test5NestmateAccess.this.
+            // The vt field load does not link.
+            private int x = (Test5NestmateAccess.this).vt.hash();
+
+            @Override
+            public int hash() { return x; }
+        };
+    }
+}
+
+// Same as Test3NestmateAccess but with static field
+class Test6NestmateAccess {
+    private static MyValueNestmateAccess vt;
+
+    public MyInterfaceNestmateAccess test(MyValueNestmateAccess init) {
+        return new MyInterfaceNestmateAccess() {
+            // Store to the vt field does not link.
+            private MyValueNestmateAccess tmp = (vt = init);
+
+            @Override
+            public int hash() { return tmp.hash() + vt.hash(); }
+        };
+    }
+}
+
+// Same as Test6NestmateAccess but outer class is a value class
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class Test7NestmateAccess {
+    private static MyValueNestmateAccess vt;
+
+    public MyInterfaceNestmateAccess test(MyValueNestmateAccess init) {
+        return new MyInterfaceNestmateAccess() {
+            // Store to the vt field does not link.
+            private MyValueNestmateAccess tmp = (vt = init);
+
+            @Override
+            public int hash() { return tmp.hash() + vt.hash(); }
+        };
+    }
+}
+
+public class TestNestmateAccess {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Test1NestmateAccess t1 = new Test1NestmateAccess(new MyValueNestmateAccess());
+        int res = t1.test().hash();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, 85);
+
+        Test2NestmateAccess t2 = new Test2NestmateAccess(new MyValueNestmateAccess());
+        res = t2.test().hash();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, 85);
+
+        Test3NestmateAccess t3 = new Test3NestmateAccess();
+        res = t3.test(new MyValueNestmateAccess()).hash();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, 170);
+
+        Test4NestmateAccess t4 = new Test4NestmateAccess(new MyValueNestmateAccess());
+        res = t4.test().hash();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, 85);
+
+        Test5NestmateAccess t5 = new Test5NestmateAccess(new MyValueNestmateAccess());
+        res = t5.test().hash();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, 85);
+
+        Test6NestmateAccess t6 = new Test6NestmateAccess();
+        res = t6.test(new MyValueNestmateAccess()).hash();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, 170);
+
+        Test7NestmateAccess t7 = new Test7NestmateAccess();
+        res = t7.test(new MyValueNestmateAccess()).hash();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, 170);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNewAcmp.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNewAcmp.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..be860a2c69d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNewAcmp.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1899 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test TestNewAcmp
+ * @summary Verifies correctness of the acmp bytecode with value object operands.
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestNewAcmp
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.CompLevel;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.TestFramework;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+interface MyInterfaceNewAcmp {
+
+}
+
+abstract value class MyAbstractNewAcmp implements MyInterfaceNewAcmp {
+
+}
+
+value class MyValue1NewAcmp extends MyAbstractNewAcmp {
+    int x;
+
+    MyValue1NewAcmp(int x) {
+        this.x = x;
+    }
+
+    static MyValue1NewAcmp createDefault() {
+        return new MyValue1NewAcmp(0);
+    }
+
+    static MyValue1NewAcmp setX(MyValue1NewAcmp v, int x) {
+        return new MyValue1NewAcmp(x);
+    }
+}
+
+value class MyValue2NewAcmp extends MyAbstractNewAcmp {
+    int x;
+
+    MyValue2NewAcmp(int x) {
+        this.x = x;
+    }
+
+    static MyValue2NewAcmp createDefault() {
+        return new MyValue2NewAcmp(0);
+    }
+
+    static MyValue2NewAcmp setX(MyValue2NewAcmp v, int x) {
+        return new MyValue2NewAcmp(x);
+    }
+}
+
+class MyObjectNewAcmp extends MyAbstractNewAcmp {
+    int x;
+}
+
+// Mark test methods that return false if the argument is null
+@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
+@interface FalseIfNull { }
+
+// Mark test methods that return true if the argument is null
+@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
+@interface TrueIfNull { }
+
+public class TestNewAcmp {
+
+    public boolean testEq01_1(Object u1, Object u2) {
+        return get(u1) == u2; // new acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq01_2(Object u1, Object u2) {
+        return u1 == get(u2); // new acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq01_3(Object u1, Object u2) {
+        return get(u1) == get(u2); // new acmp
+    }
+
+    @FalseIfNull
+    public boolean testEq01_4(Object u1, Object u2) {
+        return getNotNull(u1) == u2; // new acmp without null check
+    }
+
+    @FalseIfNull
+    public boolean testEq01_5(Object u1, Object u2) {
+        return u1 == getNotNull(u2); // new acmp without null check
+    }
+
+    @FalseIfNull
+    public boolean testEq01_6(Object u1, Object u2) {
+        return getNotNull(u1) == getNotNull(u2); // new acmp without null check
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq02_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v1, MyValue1NewAcmp v2) {
+        return get(v1) == (Object)v2; // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq02_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v1, MyValue1NewAcmp v2) {
+        return (Object)v1 == get(v2); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq02_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v1, MyValue1NewAcmp v2) {
+        return get(v1) == get(v2); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq03_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object u) {
+        return get(v) == u; // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq03_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object u) {
+        return (Object)v == get(u); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq03_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object u) {
+        return get(v) == get(u); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq04_1(Object u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(u) == (Object)v; // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq04_2(Object u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return u == get(v); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq04_3(Object u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(u) == get(v); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq05_1(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(o) == (Object)v; // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq05_2(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return o == get(v); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq05_3(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(o) == get(v); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq06_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get(v) == o; // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq06_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return (Object)v == get(o); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq06_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get(v) == get(o); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq07_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v1, MyValue1NewAcmp v2) {
+        return getNotNull(v1) == (Object)v2; // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq07_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v1, MyValue1NewAcmp v2) {
+        return (Object)v1 == getNotNull(v2); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq07_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v1, MyValue1NewAcmp v2) {
+        return getNotNull(v1) == getNotNull(v2); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq08_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object u) {
+        return getNotNull(v) == u; // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq08_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object u) {
+        return (Object)v == getNotNull(u); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq08_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object u) {
+        return getNotNull(v) == getNotNull(u); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq09_1(Object u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(u) == (Object)v; // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq09_2(Object u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return u == getNotNull(v); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq09_3(Object u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(u) == getNotNull(v); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq10_1(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(o) == (Object)v; // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq10_2(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return o == getNotNull(v); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq10_3(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(o) == getNotNull(v); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq11_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return getNotNull(v) == o; // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq11_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return (Object)v == getNotNull(o); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq11_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return getNotNull(v) == getNotNull(o); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq12_1(MyObjectNewAcmp o1, MyObjectNewAcmp o2) {
+        return get(o1) == o2; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq12_2(MyObjectNewAcmp o1, MyObjectNewAcmp o2) {
+        return o1 == get(o2); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq12_3(MyObjectNewAcmp o1, MyObjectNewAcmp o2) {
+        return get(o1) == get(o2); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq13_1(Object u, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get(u) == o; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq13_2(Object u, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return u == get(o); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq13_3(Object u, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get(u) == get(o); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq14_1(MyObjectNewAcmp o, Object u) {
+        return get(o) == u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq14_2(MyObjectNewAcmp o, Object u) {
+        return o == get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq14_3(MyObjectNewAcmp o, Object u) {
+        return get(o) == get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq15_1(Object[] a, Object u) {
+        return get(a) == u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq15_2(Object[] a, Object u) {
+        return a == get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq15_3(Object[] a, Object u) {
+        return get(a) == get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq16_1(Object u, Object[] a) {
+        return get(u) == a; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq16_2(Object u, Object[] a) {
+        return u == get(a); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq16_3(Object u, Object[] a) {
+        return get(u) == get(a); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq17_1(Object[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(a) == (Object)v; // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq17_2(Object[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return a == get(v); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq17_3(Object[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(a) == get(v); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq18_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object[] a) {
+        return get(v) == a; // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq18_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object[] a) {
+        return (Object)v == get(a); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq18_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object[] a) {
+        return get(v) == get(a); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq19_1(Object[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(a) == (Object)v; // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq19_2(Object[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return a == getNotNull(v); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq19_3(Object[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(a) == getNotNull(v); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq20_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object[] a) {
+        return getNotNull(v) == a; // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq20_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object[] a) {
+        return (Object)v == getNotNull(a); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq20_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object[] a) {
+        return getNotNull(v) == getNotNull(a); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq21_1(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u1, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u2) {
+        return get(u1) == u2; // new acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq21_2(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u1, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u2) {
+        return u1 == get(u2); // new acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq21_3(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u1, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u2) {
+        return get(u1) == get(u2); // new acmp
+    }
+
+    @FalseIfNull
+    public boolean testEq21_4(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u1, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u2) {
+        return getNotNull(u1) == u2; // new acmp without null check
+    }
+
+    @FalseIfNull
+    public boolean testEq21_5(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u1, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u2) {
+        return u1 == getNotNull(u2); // new acmp without null check
+    }
+
+    @FalseIfNull
+    public boolean testEq21_6(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u1, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u2) {
+        return getNotNull(u1) == getNotNull(u2); // new acmp without null check
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq21_7(MyAbstractNewAcmp u1, MyAbstractNewAcmp u2) {
+        return get(u1) == u2; // new acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq21_8(MyAbstractNewAcmp u1, MyAbstractNewAcmp u2) {
+        return u1 == get(u2); // new acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq21_9(MyAbstractNewAcmp u1, MyAbstractNewAcmp u2) {
+        return get(u1) == get(u2); // new acmp
+    }
+
+    @FalseIfNull
+    public boolean testEq21_10(MyAbstractNewAcmp u1, MyAbstractNewAcmp u2) {
+        return getNotNull(u1) == u2; // new acmp without null check
+    }
+
+    @FalseIfNull
+    public boolean testEq21_11(MyAbstractNewAcmp u1, MyAbstractNewAcmp u2) {
+        return u1 == getNotNull(u2); // new acmp without null check
+    }
+
+    @FalseIfNull
+    public boolean testEq21_12(MyAbstractNewAcmp u1, MyAbstractNewAcmp u2) {
+        return getNotNull(u1) == getNotNull(u2); // new acmp without null check
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq22_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(v) == u; // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq22_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return (Object)v == get(u); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq22_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(v) == get(u); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq22_4(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(v) == u; // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq22_5(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return (Object)v == get(u); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq22_6(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(v) == get(u); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq23_1(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(u) == (Object)v; // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq23_2(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return u == get(v); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq23_3(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(u) == get(v); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq23_4(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(u) == (Object)v; // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq23_5(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return u == get(v); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq23_6(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(u) == get(v); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq24_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return getNotNull(v) == u; // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq24_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return (Object)v == getNotNull(u); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq24_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return getNotNull(v) == getNotNull(u); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq24_4(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return getNotNull(v) == u; // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq24_5(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return (Object)v == getNotNull(u); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq24_6(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return getNotNull(v) == getNotNull(u); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq25_1(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(u) == (Object)v; // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq25_2(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return u == getNotNull(v); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq25_3(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(u) == getNotNull(v); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq25_4(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(u) == (Object)v; // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq25_5(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return u == getNotNull(v); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq25_6(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(u) == getNotNull(v); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq26_1(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get(u) == o; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq26_2(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return u == get(o); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq26_3(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get(u) == get(o); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq26_4(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get(u) == o; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq26_5(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return u == get(o); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq26_6(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get(u) == get(o); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq27_1(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(o) == u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq27_2(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return o == get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq27_3(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(o) == get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq27_4(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(o) == u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq27_5(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return o == get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq27_6(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(o) == get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq28_1(MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(a) == u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq28_2(MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return a == get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq28_3(MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(a) == get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq28_4(MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(a) == u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq28_5(MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return a == get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq28_6(MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(a) == get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq29_1(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return get(u) == a; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq29_2(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return u == get(a); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq29_3(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return get(u) == get(a); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq29_4(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return get(u) == a; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq29_5(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return u == get(a); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq29_6(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return get(u) == get(a); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq30_1(MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(a) == (Object)v; // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq30_2(MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return a == get(v); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq30_3(MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(a) == get(v); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq30_4(MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(a) == (Object)v; // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq30_5(MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return a == get(v); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq30_6(MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(a) == get(v); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq31_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return get(v) == a; // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq31_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return (Object)v == get(a); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq31_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return get(v) == get(a); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq31_4(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return get(v) == a; // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq31_5(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return (Object)v == get(a); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq31_6(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return get(v) == get(a); // only true if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq32_1(MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(a) == (Object)v; // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq32_2(MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return a == getNotNull(v); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq32_3(MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(a) == getNotNull(v); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq32_4(MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(a) == (Object)v; // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq32_5(MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return a == getNotNull(v); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq32_6(MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(a) == getNotNull(v); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq33_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return getNotNull(v) == a; // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq33_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return (Object)v == getNotNull(a); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq33_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return getNotNull(v) == getNotNull(a); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq33_4(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return getNotNull(v) == a; // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq33_5(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return (Object)v == getNotNull(a); // false
+    }
+
+    public boolean testEq33_6(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return getNotNull(v) == getNotNull(a); // false
+    }
+
+
+    // Null tests
+
+    public boolean testNull01_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return (Object)v == null; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull01_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(v) == null; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull01_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return (Object)v == get((Object)null); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull01_4(MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(v) == get((Object)null); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull02_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return null == (Object)v; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull02_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get((Object)null) == (Object)v; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull02_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return null == get(v); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull02_4(MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get((Object)null) == get(v); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull03_1(Object u) {
+        return u == null; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull03_2(Object u) {
+        return get(u) == null; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull03_3(Object u) {
+        return u == get((Object)null); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull03_4(Object u) {
+        return get(u) == get((Object)null); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull04_1(Object u) {
+        return null == u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull04_2(Object u) {
+        return get((Object)null) == u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull04_3(Object u) {
+        return null == get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull04_4(Object u) {
+        return get((Object)null) == get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull05_1(MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return o == null; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull05_2(MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get(o) == null; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull05_3(MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return o == get((Object)null); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull05_4(MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get(o) == get((Object)null); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull06_1(MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return null == o; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull06_2(MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get((Object)null) == o; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull06_3(MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return null == get(o); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull06_4(MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get((Object)null) == get(o); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull07_1(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return u == null; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull07_2(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(u) == null; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull07_3(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return u == get((Object)null); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull07_4(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(u) == get((Object)null); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull07_5(MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return u == null; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull07_6(MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(u) == null; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull07_7(MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return u == get((Object)null); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull07_8(MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(u) == get((Object)null); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull08_1(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return null == u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull08_2(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return get((Object)null) == u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull08_3(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return null == get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull08_4(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return get((Object)null) == get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull08_5(MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return null == u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull08_6(MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return get((Object)null) == u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull08_7(MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return null == get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNull08_8(MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return get((Object)null) == get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    // Same tests as above but negated
+
+    public boolean testNotEq01_1(Object u1, Object u2) {
+        return get(u1) != u2; // new acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq01_2(Object u1, Object u2) {
+        return u1 != get(u2); // new acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq01_3(Object u1, Object u2) {
+        return get(u1) != get(u2); // new acmp
+    }
+
+    @TrueIfNull
+    public boolean testNotEq01_4(Object u1, Object u2) {
+        return getNotNull(u1) != u2; // new acmp without null check
+    }
+
+    @TrueIfNull
+    public boolean testNotEq01_5(Object u1, Object u2) {
+        return u1 != getNotNull(u2); // new acmp without null check
+    }
+
+    @TrueIfNull
+    public boolean testNotEq01_6(Object u1, Object u2) {
+        return getNotNull(u1) != getNotNull(u2); // new acmp without null check
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq02_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v1, MyValue1NewAcmp v2) {
+        return get(v1) != (Object)v2; // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq02_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v1, MyValue1NewAcmp v2) {
+        return (Object)v1 != get(v2); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq02_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v1, MyValue1NewAcmp v2) {
+        return get(v1) != get(v2); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq03_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object u) {
+        return get(v) != u; // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq03_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object u) {
+        return (Object)v != get(u); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq03_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object u) {
+        return get(v) != get(u); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq04_1(Object u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(u) != (Object)v; // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq04_2(Object u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return u != get(v); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq04_3(Object u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(u) != get(v); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq05_1(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(o) != (Object)v; // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq05_2(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return o != get(v); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq05_3(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(o) != get(v); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq06_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get(v) != o; // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq06_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return (Object)v != get(o); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq06_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get(v) != get(o); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq07_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v1, MyValue1NewAcmp v2) {
+        return getNotNull(v1) != (Object)v2; // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq07_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v1, MyValue1NewAcmp v2) {
+        return (Object)v1 != getNotNull(v2); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq07_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v1, MyValue1NewAcmp v2) {
+        return getNotNull(v1) != getNotNull(v2); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq08_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object u) {
+        return getNotNull(v) != u; // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq08_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object u) {
+        return (Object)v != getNotNull(u); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq08_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object u) {
+        return getNotNull(v) != getNotNull(u); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq09_1(Object u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(u) != (Object)v; // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq09_2(Object u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return u != getNotNull(v); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq09_3(Object u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(u) != getNotNull(v); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq10_1(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(o) != (Object)v; // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq10_2(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return o != getNotNull(v); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq10_3(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(o) != getNotNull(v); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq11_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return getNotNull(v) != o; // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq11_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return (Object)v != getNotNull(o); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq11_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return getNotNull(v) != getNotNull(o); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq12_1(MyObjectNewAcmp o1, MyObjectNewAcmp o2) {
+        return get(o1) != o2; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq12_2(MyObjectNewAcmp o1, MyObjectNewAcmp o2) {
+        return o1 != get(o2); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq12_3(MyObjectNewAcmp o1, MyObjectNewAcmp o2) {
+        return get(o1) != get(o2); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq13_1(Object u, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get(u) != o; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq13_2(Object u, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return u != get(o); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq13_3(Object u, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get(u) != get(o); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq14_1(MyObjectNewAcmp o, Object u) {
+        return get(o) != u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq14_2(MyObjectNewAcmp o, Object u) {
+        return o != get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq14_3(MyObjectNewAcmp o, Object u) {
+        return get(o) != get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq15_1(Object[] a, Object u) {
+        return get(a) != u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq15_2(Object[] a, Object u) {
+        return a != get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq15_3(Object[] a, Object u) {
+        return get(a) != get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq16_1(Object u, Object[] a) {
+        return get(u) != a; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq16_2(Object u, Object[] a) {
+        return u != get(a); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq16_3(Object u, Object[] a) {
+        return get(u) != get(a); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq17_1(Object[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(a) != (Object)v; // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq17_2(Object[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return a != get(v); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq17_3(Object[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(a) != get(v); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq18_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object[] a) {
+        return get(v) != a; // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq18_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object[] a) {
+        return (Object)v != get(a); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq18_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object[] a) {
+        return get(v) != get(a); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq19_1(Object[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(a) != (Object)v; // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq19_2(Object[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return a != getNotNull(v); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq19_3(Object[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(a) != getNotNull(v); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq20_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object[] a) {
+        return getNotNull(v) != a; // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq20_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object[] a) {
+        return (Object)v != getNotNull(a); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq20_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v, Object[] a) {
+        return getNotNull(v) != getNotNull(a); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq21_1(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u1, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u2) {
+        return get(u1) != u2; // new acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq21_2(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u1, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u2) {
+        return u1 != get(u2); // new acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq21_3(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u1, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u2) {
+        return get(u1) != get(u2); // new acmp
+    }
+
+    @TrueIfNull
+    public boolean testNotEq21_4(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u1, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u2) {
+        return getNotNull(u1) != u2; // new acmp without null check
+    }
+
+    @TrueIfNull
+    public boolean testNotEq21_5(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u1, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u2) {
+        return u1 != getNotNull(u2); // new acmp without null check
+    }
+
+    @TrueIfNull
+    public boolean testNotEq21_6(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u1, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u2) {
+        return getNotNull(u1) != getNotNull(u2); // new acmp without null check
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq21_7(MyAbstractNewAcmp u1, MyAbstractNewAcmp u2) {
+        return get(u1) != u2; // new acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq21_8(MyAbstractNewAcmp u1, MyAbstractNewAcmp u2) {
+        return u1 != get(u2); // new acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq21_9(MyAbstractNewAcmp u1, MyAbstractNewAcmp u2) {
+        return get(u1) != get(u2); // new acmp
+    }
+
+    @TrueIfNull
+    public boolean testNotEq21_10(MyAbstractNewAcmp u1, MyAbstractNewAcmp u2) {
+        return getNotNull(u1) != u2; // new acmp without null check
+    }
+
+    @TrueIfNull
+    public boolean testNotEq21_11(MyAbstractNewAcmp u1, MyAbstractNewAcmp u2) {
+        return u1 != getNotNull(u2); // new acmp without null check
+    }
+
+    @TrueIfNull
+    public boolean testNotEq21_12(MyAbstractNewAcmp u1, MyAbstractNewAcmp u2) {
+        return getNotNull(u1) != getNotNull(u2); // new acmp without null check
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq22_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(v) != u; // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq22_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return (Object)v != get(u); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq22_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(v) != get(u); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq22_4(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(v) != u; // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq22_5(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return (Object)v != get(u); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq22_6(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(v) != get(u); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq23_1(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(u) != (Object)v; // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq23_2(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return u != get(v); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq23_3(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(u) != get(v); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq23_4(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(u) != (Object)v; // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq23_5(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return u != get(v); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq23_6(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(u) != get(v); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq24_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return getNotNull(v) != u; // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq24_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return (Object)v != getNotNull(u); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq24_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return getNotNull(v) != getNotNull(u); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq24_4(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return getNotNull(v) != u; // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq24_5(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return (Object)v != getNotNull(u); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq24_6(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return getNotNull(v) != getNotNull(u); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq25_1(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(u) != (Object)v; // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq25_2(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return u != getNotNull(v); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq25_3(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(u) != getNotNull(v); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq25_4(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(u) != (Object)v; // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq25_5(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return u != getNotNull(v); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq25_6(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(u) != getNotNull(v); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq26_1(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get(u) != o; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq26_2(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return u != get(o); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq26_3(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get(u) != get(o); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq26_4(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get(u) != o; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq26_5(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return u != get(o); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq26_6(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get(u) != get(o); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq27_1(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(o) != u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq27_2(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return o != get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq27_3(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(o) != get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq27_4(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(o) != u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq27_5(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return o != get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq27_6(MyObjectNewAcmp o, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(o) != get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq28_1(MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(a) != u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq28_2(MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return a != get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq28_3(MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a, MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(a) != get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq28_4(MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(a) != u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq28_5(MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return a != get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq28_6(MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a, MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(a) != get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq29_1(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return get(u) != a; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq29_2(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return u != get(a); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq29_3(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u, MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return get(u) != get(a); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq29_4(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return get(u) != a; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq29_5(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return u != get(a); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq29_6(MyAbstractNewAcmp u, MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return get(u) != get(a); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq30_1(MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(a) != (Object)v; // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq30_2(MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return a != get(v); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq30_3(MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(a) != get(v); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq30_4(MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(a) != (Object)v; // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq30_5(MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return a != get(v); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq30_6(MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(a) != get(v); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq31_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return get(v) != a; // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq31_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return (Object)v != get(a); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq31_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return get(v) != get(a); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq31_4(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return get(v) != a; // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq31_5(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return (Object)v != get(a); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq31_6(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return get(v) != get(a); // only false if both null
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq32_1(MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(a) != (Object)v; // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq32_2(MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return a != getNotNull(v); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq32_3(MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(a) != getNotNull(v); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq32_4(MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(a) != (Object)v; // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq32_5(MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return a != getNotNull(v); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq32_6(MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a, MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return getNotNull(a) != getNotNull(v); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq33_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return getNotNull(v) != a; // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq33_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return (Object)v != getNotNull(a); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq33_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyInterfaceNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return getNotNull(v) != getNotNull(a); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq33_4(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return getNotNull(v) != a; // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq33_5(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return (Object)v != getNotNull(a); // true
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotEq33_6(MyValue1NewAcmp v, MyAbstractNewAcmp[] a) {
+        return getNotNull(v) != getNotNull(a); // true
+    }
+
+    // Null tests
+
+    public boolean testNotNull01_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return (Object)v != null; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull01_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(v) != null; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull01_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return (Object)v != get((Object)null); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull01_4(MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get(v) != get((Object)null); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull02_1(MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return null != (Object)v; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull02_2(MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get((Object)null) != (Object)v; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull02_3(MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return null != get(v); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull02_4(MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return get((Object)null) != get(v); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull03_1(Object u) {
+        return u != null; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull03_2(Object u) {
+        return get(u) != null; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull03_3(Object u) {
+        return u != get((Object)null); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull03_4(Object u) {
+        return get(u) != get((Object)null); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull04_1(Object u) {
+        return null != u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull04_2(Object u) {
+        return get((Object)null) != u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull04_3(Object u) {
+        return null != get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull04_4(Object u) {
+        return get((Object)null) != get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull05_1(MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return o != null; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull05_2(MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get(o) != null; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull05_3(MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return o != get((Object)null); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull05_4(MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get(o) != get((Object)null); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull06_1(MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return null != o; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull06_2(MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get((Object)null) != o; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull06_3(MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return null != get(o); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull06_4(MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return get((Object)null) != get(o); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull07_1(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return u != null; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull07_2(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(u) != null; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull07_3(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return u != get((Object)null); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull07_4(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(u) != get((Object)null); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull07_5(MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return u != null; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull07_6(MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(u) != null; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull07_7(MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return u != get((Object)null); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull07_8(MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return get(u) != get((Object)null); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull08_1(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return null != u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull08_2(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return get((Object)null) != u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull08_3(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return null != get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull08_4(MyInterfaceNewAcmp u) {
+        return get((Object)null) != get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull08_5(MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return null != u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull08_6(MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return get((Object)null) != u; // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull08_7(MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return null != get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    public boolean testNotNull08_8(MyAbstractNewAcmp u) {
+        return get((Object)null) != get(u); // old acmp
+    }
+
+    // The following methods are used with -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline to hide exact types during parsing
+
+    public Object get(Object u) {
+        return u;
+    }
+
+    public Object getNotNull(Object u) {
+        return (u != null) ? u : new Object();
+    }
+
+    public Object get(MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    public Object getNotNull(MyValue1NewAcmp v) {
+        return ((Object)v != null) ? v : MyValue1NewAcmp.createDefault();
+    }
+
+    public Object get(MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return o;
+    }
+
+    public Object getNotNull(MyObjectNewAcmp o) {
+        return (o != null) ? o : MyValue1NewAcmp.createDefault();
+    }
+
+    public Object get(Object[] a) {
+        return a;
+    }
+
+    public Object getNotNull(Object[] a) {
+        return (a != null) ? a : new Object[1];
+    }
+
+    public boolean trueIfNull(Method m) {
+        return m.isAnnotationPresent(TrueIfNull.class);
+    }
+
+    public boolean falseIfNull(Method m) {
+        return m.isAnnotationPresent(FalseIfNull.class);
+    }
+
+    public boolean isNegated(Method m) {
+        return m.getName().startsWith("testNot");
+    }
+
+    // Tests with profiling
+    public boolean cmpAlwaysEqual1(Object a, Object b) {
+        return a == b;
+    }
+
+    public boolean cmpAlwaysEqual2(Object a, Object b) {
+        return a != b;
+    }
+
+    public boolean cmpAlwaysEqual3(Object a) {
+        return a == a;
+    }
+
+    public boolean cmpAlwaysEqual4(Object a) {
+        return a != a;
+    }
+
+    public boolean cmpAlwaysUnEqual1(Object a, Object b) {
+        return a == b;
+    }
+
+    public boolean cmpAlwaysUnEqual2(Object a, Object b) {
+        return a != b;
+    }
+
+    public boolean cmpAlwaysUnEqual3(Object a) {
+        return a == a;
+    }
+
+    public boolean cmpAlwaysUnEqual4(Object a) {
+        return a != a;
+    }
+
+    public boolean cmpSometimesEqual1(Object a) {
+        return a == a;
+    }
+
+    public boolean cmpSometimesEqual2(Object a) {
+        return a != a;
+    }
+
+    protected static final WhiteBox WHITE_BOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+
+    public void runTest(Method m, Object[] args, int warmup, int nullMode, boolean[][] equalities) throws Exception {
+        Class<?>[] parameterTypes = m.getParameterTypes();
+        int parameterCount = parameterTypes.length;
+        // Nullness mode for first argument
+        // 0: default, 1: never null, 2: always null
+        int start = (nullMode != 1) ? 0 : 1;
+        int end = (nullMode != 2) ? args.length : 1;
+        for (int i = start; i < end; ++i) {
+            if (args[i] != null && !parameterTypes[0].isInstance(args[i])) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (args[i] == null && parameterTypes[0] == MyValue1NewAcmp.class) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (parameterCount == 1) {
+                // Null checks
+                System.out.print("Testing " + m.getName() + "(" + args[i] + ")");
+                // Avoid acmp in the computation of the expected result!
+                boolean expected = isNegated(m) ? (i != 0) : (i == 0);
+                for (int run = 0; run < warmup; ++run) {
+                    Boolean result = (Boolean)m.invoke(this, args[i]);
+                    if (result != expected && WHITE_BOX.isMethodCompiled(m, false)) {
+                        System.out.println(" = " + result);
+                        throw new RuntimeException("Test failed: should return " + expected);
+                    }
+                }
+                System.out.println(" = " + expected);
+            } else {
+                // Equality checks
+                for (int j = 0; j < args.length; ++j) {
+                    if (args[j] != null && !parameterTypes[1].isInstance(args[j])) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    if (args[j] == null && parameterTypes[1] == MyValue1NewAcmp.class) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    System.out.print("Testing " + m.getName() + "(" + args[i] + ", " + args[j] + ")");
+                    // Avoid acmp in the computation of the expected result!
+                    boolean equal = equalities[i][j];
+                    equal = isNegated(m) ? !equal : equal;
+                    boolean expected = ((i == 0 || j == 0) && trueIfNull(m)) || (equal && !(i == 0 && falseIfNull(m)));
+                    for (int run = 0; run < warmup; ++run) {
+                        Boolean result = (Boolean)m.invoke(this, args[i], args[j]);
+                        if (result != expected && WHITE_BOX.isMethodCompiled(m, false) && warmup == 1) {
+                            System.out.println(" = " + result);
+                            throw new RuntimeException("Test failed: should return " + expected);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    System.out.println(" = " + expected);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void run(int nullMode) throws Exception {
+        // Prepare test arguments
+        Object[] args =  { null,
+                           new Object(),
+                           new MyObjectNewAcmp(),
+                           MyValue1NewAcmp.setX(MyValue1NewAcmp.createDefault(), 42),
+                           new Object[10],
+                           new MyObjectNewAcmp[10],
+                           MyValue1NewAcmp.setX(MyValue1NewAcmp.createDefault(), 0x42),
+                           MyValue1NewAcmp.setX(MyValue1NewAcmp.createDefault(), 42),
+                           MyValue2NewAcmp.setX(MyValue2NewAcmp.createDefault(), 42), };
+
+        boolean[][] equalities = { { true,  false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false },
+                                   { false, true,  false, false, false, false, false, false, false },
+                                   { false, false, true,  false, false, false, false, false, false },
+                                   { false, false, false, true,  false, false, false, true,  false },
+                                   { false, false, false, false, true,  false, false, false, false },
+                                   { false, false, false, false, false, true,  false, false, false },
+                                   { false, false, false, false, false, false, true,  false, false },
+                                   { false, false, false, true,  false, false, false, true,  false },
+                                   { false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false, true  } };
+
+        // Run tests
+        for (Method m : getClass().getMethods()) {
+            if (m.getName().startsWith("test")) {
+                // Do some warmup runs
+                runTest(m, args, 1000, nullMode, equalities);
+                // Make sure method is compiled
+                TestFramework.compile(m, CompLevel.ANY);
+                Asserts.assertTrue(WHITE_BOX.isMethodCompiled(m, false), m + " not compiled");
+                // Run again to verify correctness of compiled code
+                runTest(m, args, 1, nullMode, equalities);
+            }
+        }
+
+        Method cmpAlwaysUnEqual3_m = getClass().getMethod("cmpAlwaysUnEqual3", Object.class);
+        Method cmpAlwaysUnEqual4_m = getClass().getMethod("cmpAlwaysUnEqual4", Object.class);
+        Method cmpSometimesEqual1_m = getClass().getMethod("cmpSometimesEqual1", Object.class);
+        Method cmpSometimesEqual2_m = getClass().getMethod("cmpSometimesEqual2", Object.class);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(cmpAlwaysEqual1(args[1], args[1]));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(cmpAlwaysEqual2(args[1], args[1]));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(cmpAlwaysEqual3(args[1]));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(cmpAlwaysEqual4(args[1]));
+
+            Asserts.assertFalse(cmpAlwaysUnEqual1(args[1], args[2]));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(cmpAlwaysUnEqual2(args[1], args[2]));
+            boolean res = cmpAlwaysUnEqual3(args[3]);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(res);
+            res = cmpAlwaysUnEqual4(args[3]);
+            Asserts.assertFalse(res);
+
+            int idx = i % args.length;
+            res = cmpSometimesEqual1(args[idx]);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(res);
+            res = cmpSometimesEqual2(args[idx]);
+            Asserts.assertFalse(res);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        if (args.length == 0) {
+            enumerateVMOptions();
+        } else {
+            int nullMode = Integer.valueOf(args[0]);
+            TestNewAcmp t = new TestNewAcmp();
+            t.run(nullMode);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String[] addOptions(String prefix[], String... extra) {
+        ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
+        if (prefix != null) {
+            for (String s : prefix) {
+                list.add(s);
+            }
+        }
+        if (extra != null) {
+            for (String s : extra) {
+                System.out.println("    " + s);
+                list.add(s);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return list.toArray(new String[list.size()]);
+    }
+
+    private static void enumerateVMOptions() throws Exception {
+        String[] baseOptions = {
+            "--enable-preview",
+            "-Xbootclasspath/a:.",
+            "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+            "-XX:+WhiteBoxAPI",
+            "-Xbatch",
+            "-XX:TypeProfileLevel=222",
+            "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
+            "-XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestNewAcmp::test*",
+            "-XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestNewAcmp::cmp*"};
+
+        String SCENARIOS = System.getProperty("Scenarios", "");
+        List<String> scenarios = null;
+        if (!SCENARIOS.isEmpty()) {
+           scenarios = Arrays.asList(SCENARIOS.split(","));
+        }
+
+        int scenario = -1;
+        for (int nullMode = 0; nullMode <= 2; nullMode++) {          // null mode
+            for (int incrInline = 0; incrInline < 2; incrInline++) { // 0 = default, 1 = -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline
+                scenario++;
+                System.out.println("Scenario #" + scenario + " -------------------");
+                String[] cmds = baseOptions;
+                if (incrInline != 0) {
+                    cmds = addOptions(cmds, "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline");
+                }
+
+                cmds = addOptions(cmds, "compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestNewAcmp");
+                cmds = addOptions(cmds, Integer.toString(nullMode));
+
+                if (scenarios != null && !scenarios.contains(Integer.toString(scenario))) {
+                    System.out.println("Scenario #" + scenario + " is skipped due to -Dscenarios=" + SCENARIOS);
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                OutputAnalyzer oa = ProcessTools.executeTestJava(cmds);
+                String output = oa.getOutput();
+                oa.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+                System.out.println(output);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableArrays.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableArrays.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4faf637f99f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableArrays.java
@@ -0,0 +1,3422 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.rI;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.rL;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.rD;
+
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOOP;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.PREDICATE_TRAP;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test nullable value class arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 0
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test nullable value class arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 1
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test nullable value class arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 2
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test nullable value class arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 3
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test nullable value class arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 4
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test nullable value class arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 5
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test nullable value class arrays.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 6
+ */
+
+@ForceCompileClassInitializer
+public class TestNullableArrays {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+
+        Scenario[] scenarios = InlineTypes.DEFAULT_SCENARIOS;
+        scenarios[2].addFlags("-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast", "-XX:+StressArrayCopyMacroNode");
+        scenarios[3].addFlags("-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast");
+        scenarios[4].addFlags("-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast");
+        scenarios[5].addFlags("-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast", "-XX:+StressArrayCopyMacroNode");
+
+        InlineTypes.getFramework()
+                   .addScenarios(scenarios[Integer.parseInt(args[0])])
+                   .addHelperClasses(MyValue1.class,
+                                     MyValue2.class,
+                                     MyValue2Inline.class)
+                   .start();
+    }
+
+    static {
+        // Make sure RuntimeException is loaded to prevent uncommon traps in IR verified tests
+        RuntimeException tmp = new RuntimeException("42");
+    }
+
+    // Helper methods
+
+    protected long hash() {
+        return hash(rI, rL);
+    }
+
+    protected long hash(int x, long y) {
+        return MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(x, y).hash();
+    }
+
+    private static final MyValue1 testValue1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+
+    // Test nullable value class array creation and initialization
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        counts = {ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "= 1"})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "false"},
+        counts = {ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "= 1"},
+        failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public MyValue1[] test1(int len) {
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[len];
+        if (len > 0) {
+            va[0] = null;
+        }
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        return va;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test1")
+    public void test1_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI % 10);
+        MyValue1[] va = test1(len);
+        if (len > 0) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[0], null);
+        }
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i].hash(), hash());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test creation of a value class array and element access
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOOP, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test2() {
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[1];
+        va[0] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        return va[0].hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test2")
+    public void test2_verifier() {
+        long result = test2();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, hash());
+    }
+
+    // Test receiving a value class array from the interpreter,
+    // updating its elements in a loop and computing a hash.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public long test3(MyValue1[] va) {
+        long result = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            if (va[i] != null) {
+                result += va[i].hash();
+            }
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI + 1, rL + 1);
+        }
+        va[0] = null;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test3")
+    public void test3_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[10];
+        long expected = 0;
+        for (int i = 1; i < 10; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + i, rL + i);
+            expected += va[i].hash();
+        }
+        long result = test3(va);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(expected, result);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(va[0], null);
+        for (int i = 1; i < 10; ++i) {
+            if (va[i].hash() != hash(rI + 1, rL + 1)) {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(va[i].hash(), hash(rI + 1, rL + 1));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test returning a value class array received from the interpreter
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, LOOP, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public MyValue1[] test4(MyValue1[] va) {
+        return va;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test4")
+    public void test4_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[10];
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + i, rL + i);
+        }
+        va = test4(va);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i].hash(), hash(rI + i, rL + i));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Merge value class arrays created from two branches
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test5(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1[] va;
+        if (b) {
+            va = new MyValue1[5];
+            for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
+                va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+            }
+            va[4] = null;
+        } else {
+            va = new MyValue1[10];
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+                va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI + i, rL + i);
+            }
+            va[9] = null;
+        }
+        long sum = va[0].hashInterpreted();
+        if (b) {
+            va[0] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, sum);
+        } else {
+            va[0] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + 1, sum + 1);
+        }
+        return va;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test5")
+    public void test5_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = test5(true);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(va.length, 5);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(va[0].hash(), hash(rI, hash()));
+        for (int i = 1; i < 4; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i].hash(), hash());
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(va[4], null);
+        va = test5(false);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(va.length, 10);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(va[0].hash(), hash(rI + 1, hash(rI, rL) + 1));
+        for (int i = 1; i < 9; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i].hash(), hash(rI + i, rL + i));
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(va[9], null);
+    }
+
+    // Test creation of value class array with single element
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOOP, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public MyValue1 test6() {
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[1];
+        return va[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test6")
+    public void test6_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[1];
+        MyValue1 v = test6();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v, null);
+    }
+
+    // Test initialization of value class arrays
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public MyValue1[] test7(int len) {
+        return new MyValue1[len];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test7")
+    public void test7_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI % 10);
+        MyValue1[] va = test7(len);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i], null);
+            va[i] = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test creation of value class array with zero length
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, LOOP, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public MyValue1[] test8() {
+        return new MyValue1[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test8")
+    public void test8_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = test8();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(va.length, 0);
+    }
+
+    static MyValue1[] test9_va;
+
+    // Test that value class array loaded from field has correct type
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = LOOP)
+    public long test9() {
+        return test9_va[0].hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test9")
+    public void test9_verifier() {
+        test9_va = new MyValue1[1];
+        test9_va[0] = testValue1;
+        long result = test9();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, hash());
+    }
+
+    // Multi-dimensional arrays
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[][][] test10(int len1, int len2, int len3) {
+        MyValue1[][][] arr = new MyValue1[len1][len2][len3];
+        for (int i = 0; i < len1; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < len2; j++) {
+                for (int k = 0; k < len3; k++) {
+                    arr[i][j][k] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + i , rL + j + k);
+                    if (k == 0) {
+                        arr[i][j][k] = null;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return arr;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test10")
+    public void test10_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[][][] arr = test10(2, 3, 4);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
+                for (int k = 0; k < 4; k++) {
+                    if (k == 0) {
+                        Asserts.assertEQ(null, arr[i][j][k]);
+                    } else {
+                        Asserts.assertEQ(MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + i , rL + j + k), arr[i][j][k]);
+                    }
+                    arr[i][j][k] = null;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test11(MyValue1[][][] arr, long[] res) {
+        int l = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < arr[i].length; j++) {
+                for (int k = 0; k < arr[i][j].length; k++) {
+                    if (arr[i][j][k] != null) {
+                        res[l] = arr[i][j][k].hash();
+                    }
+                    arr[i][j][k] = null;
+                    l++;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test11")
+    public void test11_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[][][] arr = new MyValue1[2][3][4];
+        long[] res = new long[2*3*4];
+        long[] verif = new long[2*3*4];
+        int l = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
+                for (int k = 0; k < 4; k++) {
+                    if (j != 2) {
+                        arr[i][j][k] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + i, rL + j + k);
+                        verif[l] = arr[i][j][k].hash();
+                    }
+                    l++;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        test11(arr, res);
+        for (int i = 0; i < verif.length; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(res[i], verif[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Array load out of bounds (upper bound) at compile time
+    @Test
+    public int test12() {
+        int arraySize = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[arraySize];
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < arraySize; i++) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + 1, rL);
+        }
+
+        try {
+            return va[arraySize + 1].x;
+        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+            return rI;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test12")
+    public void test12_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test12(), rI);
+    }
+
+    // Array load  out of bounds (lower bound) at compile time
+    @Test
+    public int test13() {
+        int arraySize = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[arraySize];
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < arraySize; i++) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + i, rL);
+        }
+
+        try {
+            return va[-arraySize].x;
+        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+            return rI;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test13")
+    public void test13_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test13(), rI);
+    }
+
+    // Array load out of bound not known to compiler (both lower and upper bound)
+    @Test
+    public int test14(MyValue1[] va, int index)  {
+        return va[index].x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test14")
+    public void test14_verifier() {
+        int arraySize = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[arraySize];
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < arraySize; i++) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+
+        int result;
+        for (int i = -20; i < 20; i++) {
+            try {
+                result = test14(va, i);
+            } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+                result = rI;
+            }
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, rI);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Array store out of bounds (upper bound) at compile time
+    @Test
+    public int test15() {
+        int arraySize = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[arraySize];
+
+        try {
+            for (int i = 0; i <= arraySize; i++) {
+                va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + 1, rL);
+            }
+            return rI - 1;
+        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+            return rI;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test15")
+    public void test15_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test15(), rI);
+    }
+
+    // Array store out of bounds (lower bound) at compile time
+    @Test
+    public int test16() {
+        int arraySize = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[arraySize];
+
+        try {
+            for (int i = -1; i <= arraySize; i++) {
+                va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + 1, rL);
+            }
+            return rI - 1;
+        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+            return rI;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test16")
+    public void test16_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test16(), rI);
+    }
+
+    // Array store out of bound not known to compiler (both lower and upper bound)
+    @Test
+    public int test17(MyValue1[] va, int index, MyValue1 vt)  {
+        va[index] = vt;
+        return va[index].x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test17")
+    public void test17_verifier() {
+        int arraySize = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[arraySize];
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < arraySize; i++) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + 1, rL);
+        int result;
+        for (int i = -20; i < 20; i++) {
+            try {
+                result = test17(va, i, vt);
+            } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+                result = rI + 1;
+            }
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result, rI + 1);
+        }
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < arraySize; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i].x, rI + 1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // clone() as stub call
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test18(MyValue1[] va) {
+        return va.clone();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test18")
+    public void test18_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va1 = new MyValue1[len];
+        MyValue1[] va2 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            va1[i] = testValue1;
+            va2[i] = testValue1;
+        }
+        MyValue1[] result1 = test18(va1);
+        if (len > 0) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(result1[0], null);
+        }
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va1[i], result1[i]);
+        }
+        // make sure we do deopt: GraphKit::new_array assumes an
+        // array of references
+        for (int j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+            MyValue1[] result2 = test18(va2);
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(va2[i], result2[i]);
+            }
+        }
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            MyValue1[] result2 = test18(va2);
+            for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(va2[i], result2[i]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // clone() as series of loads/stores
+    static MyValue1[] test19_orig = null;
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test19() {
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[8];
+        for (int i = 1; i < va.length; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        test19_orig = va;
+
+        return va.clone();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test19")
+    public void test19_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] result = test19();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result[0], null);
+        for (int i = 1; i < test19_orig.length; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test19_orig[i], result[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // arraycopy() of value class array with oop fields
+    @Test
+    public void test20(MyValue1[] src, MyValue1[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test20")
+    public void test20_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] src1 = new MyValue1[len];
+        MyValue1[] src2 = new MyValue1[len];
+        MyValue1[] src3 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] src4 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] dst1 = new MyValue1[len];
+        MyValue1[] dst2 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] dst3 = new MyValue1[len];
+        MyValue1[] dst4 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        if (len > 0) {
+            src2[0] = testValue1;
+        }
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            src1[i] = testValue1;
+            src2[i] = testValue1;
+            src3[i] = testValue1;
+            src4[i] = testValue1;
+        }
+        test20(src1, dst1);
+        test20(src2, dst2);
+        test20(src3, dst3);
+        test20(src4, dst4);
+        if (len > 0) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(null, dst1[0]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src2[0], dst2[0]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src3[0], dst3[0]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src4[0], dst4[0]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src1[i], dst1[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src2[i], dst2[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src3[i], dst3[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src4[i], dst4[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // arraycopy() of value class array with no oop field
+    @Test
+    public void test21(MyValue2[] src, MyValue2[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test21")
+    public void test21_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue2[] src1 = new MyValue2[len];
+        MyValue2[] src2 = new MyValue2[len];
+        MyValue2[] src3 = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, len, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue2[] src4 = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, len, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue2[] dst1 = new MyValue2[len];
+        MyValue2[] dst2 = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, len, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue2[] dst3 = new MyValue2[len];
+        MyValue2[] dst4 = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, len, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        if (len > 0) {
+            src2[0] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        }
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            src1[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+            src2[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+            src3[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+            src4[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test21(src1, dst1);
+        test21(src2, dst2);
+        test21(src3, dst3);
+        test21(src4, dst4);
+        if (len > 0) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(null, dst1[0]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src2[0], dst2[0]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src3[0], dst3[0]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src4[0], dst4[0]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src1[i], dst1[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src2[i], dst2[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src3[i], dst3[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src4[i], dst4[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // arraycopy() of value class array with oop field and tightly
+    // coupled allocation as dest
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test22(MyValue1[] src) {
+        MyValue1[] dst = new MyValue1[src.length];
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+        return dst;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test22")
+    public void test22_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] src1 = new MyValue1[len];
+        MyValue1[] src2 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            src1[i] = testValue1;
+            src2[i] = testValue1;
+        }
+        MyValue1[] dst1 = test22(src1);
+        MyValue1[] dst2 = test22(src2);
+        if (len > 0) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(null, dst1[0]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(MyValue1.createDefaultInline(), dst2[0]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src1[i], dst1[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src2[i], dst2[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // arraycopy() of value class array with oop fields and tightly
+    // coupled allocation as dest
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test23(MyValue1[] src) {
+        MyValue1[] dst = new MyValue1[src.length + 10];
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 5, src.length);
+        return dst;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test23")
+    public void test23_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] src1 = new MyValue1[len];
+        MyValue1[] src2 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            src1[i] = testValue1;
+            src2[i] = testValue1;
+        }
+        MyValue1[] dst1 = test23(src1);
+        MyValue1[] dst2 = test23(src2);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(null, dst1[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(null, dst2[i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 5; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src1[i], dst1[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src2[i], dst2[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // arraycopy() of value class array passed as Object
+    @Test
+    public void test24(MyValue1[] src, Object dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test24")
+    public void test24_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] src1 = new MyValue1[len];
+        MyValue1[] src2 = new MyValue1[len];
+        MyValue1[] src3 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] src4 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] dst1 = new MyValue1[len];
+        MyValue1[] dst2 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] dst3 = new MyValue1[len];
+        MyValue1[] dst4 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        if (len > 0) {
+            src2[0] = testValue1;
+        }
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            src1[i] = testValue1;
+            src2[i] = testValue1;
+            src3[i] = testValue1;
+            src4[i] = testValue1;
+        }
+        test24(src1, dst1);
+        test24(src2, dst2);
+        test24(src3, dst3);
+        test24(src4, dst4);
+        if (len > 0) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(null, dst1[0]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src2[0], dst2[0]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src3[0], dst3[0]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src4[0], dst4[0]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src1[i], dst1[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src2[i], dst2[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src3[i], dst3[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src4[i], dst4[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // short arraycopy() with no oop field
+    @Test
+    public void test25(MyValue2[] src, MyValue2[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test25")
+    public void test25_verifier() {
+        MyValue2[] src1 = new MyValue2[8];
+        MyValue2[] src2 = new MyValue2[8];
+        MyValue2[] src3 = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 8, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue2[] src4 = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 8, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue2[] dst1 = new MyValue2[8];
+        MyValue2[] dst2 = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 8, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue2[] dst3 = new MyValue2[8];
+        MyValue2[] dst4 = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 8, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        src2[0] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        for (int i = 1; i < 8; ++i) {
+            src1[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+            src2[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+            src3[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+            src4[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test25(src1, dst1);
+        test25(src2, dst2);
+        test25(src3, dst3);
+        test25(src4, dst4);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(null, dst1[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(src2[0], dst2[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(src3[0], dst3[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(src4[0], dst4[0]);
+        for (int i = 1; i < 8; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src1[i], dst1[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src2[i], dst2[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src3[i], dst3[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src4[i], dst4[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // short arraycopy() with oop fields
+    @Test
+    public void test26(MyValue1[] src, MyValue1[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test26")
+    public void test26_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] src1 = new MyValue1[8];
+        MyValue1[] src2 = new MyValue1[8];
+        MyValue1[] src3 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 8, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] src4 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 8, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] dst1 = new MyValue1[8];
+        MyValue1[] dst2 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 8, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] dst3 = new MyValue1[8];
+        MyValue1[] dst4 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 8, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        src2[0] = testValue1;
+        for (int i = 1; i < 8; ++i) {
+            src1[i] = testValue1;
+            src2[i] = testValue1;
+            src3[i] = testValue1;
+            src4[i] = testValue1;
+        }
+        test26(src1, dst1);
+        test26(src2, dst2);
+        test26(src3, dst3);
+        test26(src4, dst4);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(null, dst1[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(src2[0], dst2[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(src3[0], dst3[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(src4[0], dst4[0]);
+        for (int i = 1; i < 8; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src1[i], dst1[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src2[i], dst2[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src3[i], dst3[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src4[i], dst4[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // short arraycopy() with oop fields and offsets
+    @Test
+    public void test27(MyValue1[] src, MyValue1[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 1, dst, 2, 6);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test27")
+    public void test27_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] src1 = new MyValue1[8];
+        MyValue1[] src2 = new MyValue1[8];
+        MyValue1[] src3 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 8, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] src4 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 8, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] dst1 = new MyValue1[8];
+        MyValue1[] dst2 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 8, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] dst3 = new MyValue1[8];
+        MyValue1[] dst4 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 8, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 1; i < 8; ++i) {
+            src1[i] = testValue1;
+            src2[i] = testValue1;
+            src3[i] = testValue1;
+            src4[i] = testValue1;
+        }
+        test27(src1, dst1);
+        test27(src2, dst2);
+        test27(src3, dst3);
+        test27(src4, dst4);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(null, dst1[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(MyValue1.createDefaultInline(), dst2[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(null, dst3[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(MyValue1.createDefaultInline(), dst4[i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 2; i < 8; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src1[i], dst1[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src2[i], dst2[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src3[i], dst3[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src4[i], dst4[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // non escaping allocations
+    // TODO 8252027: Make sure this is optimized with ZGC
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseZGC", "false"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOOP, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public MyValue2 test28() {
+        MyValue2[] src = new MyValue2[10];
+        src[0] = null;
+        MyValue2[] dst = (MyValue2[])src.clone();
+        return dst[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test28")
+    public void test28_verifier() {
+        MyValue2 v = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        MyValue2 result = test28();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, null);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOOP, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    @IR(failOn = LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "false"})
+    @IR(counts = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, "4"}, applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"})
+    public MyValue2 test29(MyValue2[] src) {
+        MyValue2[] dst = new MyValue2[10];
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 10);
+        return dst[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test29")
+    public void test29_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2[] src1 = new MyValue2[10];
+        MyValue2[] src2 = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 10, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            src1[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+            src2[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        MyValue2 v = test29(src1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(src1[0], v);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            v = test29(src2);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src2[0], v);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // non escaping allocation with uncommon trap that needs
+    // eliminated value class array element as debug info
+    @Test
+    public MyValue2 test30(MyValue2[] src, boolean flag) {
+        MyValue2[] dst = new MyValue2[10];
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 10);
+        if (flag) { }
+        return dst[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test30")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test30_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2[] src1 = new MyValue2[10];
+        MyValue2[] src2 = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 10, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            src1[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+            src2[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        MyValue2 v = test30(src1, !info.isWarmUp());
+        Asserts.assertEQ(src1[0], v);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            v = test30(src2, true);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src2[0], v);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // non escaping allocation with memory phi
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOOP, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test31(boolean b, boolean deopt, Method m) {
+        MyValue2[] src = new MyValue2[1];
+        if (b) {
+            src[0] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        } else {
+            src[0] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rD+1);
+        }
+        if (deopt) {
+            // uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return src[0].hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test31")
+    public void test31_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2 v1 = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        long result1 = test31(true, !info.isWarmUp(), info.getTest());
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result1, v1.hash());
+        MyValue2 v2 = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rD+1);
+        long result2 = test31(false, !info.isWarmUp(), info.getTest());
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result2, v2.hash());
+    }
+
+    // Tests with Object arrays and clone/arraycopy
+    // clone() as stub call
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test32(Object[] va) {
+        return va.clone();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test32")
+    public void test32_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va1 = new MyValue1[len];
+        MyValue1[] va2 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, len, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            va1[i] = testValue1;
+            va2[i] = testValue1;
+        }
+        MyValue1[] result1 = (MyValue1[])test32(va1);
+        MyValue1[] result2 = (MyValue1[])test32(va2);
+        if (len > 0) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(null, result1[0]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(MyValue1.createDefaultInline(), result2[0]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va1[i], result1[i]);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va2[i], result2[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test33(Object[] va) {
+        return va.clone();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test33")
+    public void test33_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        Object[] va = new Object[len];
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = testValue1;
+        }
+        Object[] result = test33(va);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i], result[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // clone() as series of loads/stores
+    static Object[] test34_orig = null;
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object[] test34_helper(boolean flag) {
+        Object[] va = null;
+        if (flag) {
+            va = new MyValue1[8];
+            for (int i = 0; i < va.length; ++i) {
+                va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+            }
+        } else {
+            va = new Object[8];
+        }
+        return va;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test34(boolean flag) {
+        Object[] va = test34_helper(flag);
+        test34_orig = va;
+        return va.clone();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test34")
+    public void test34_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test34(false);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { // make sure we do deopt
+            Object[] result = test34(true);
+            verify(test34_orig, result);
+        }
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            Object[] result = test34(true);
+            verify(test34_orig, result);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void verify(Object[] src, Object[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void verify(MyValue1[] src, MyValue1[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void verify(MyValue1[] src, Object[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void verify(MyValue2[] src, MyValue2[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void verify(MyValue2[] src, Object[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static boolean compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(RunInfo info) {
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            if (TestFramework.isCompiled(m)) {
+                TestFramework.compile(m, CompLevel.C2);
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // arraycopy() of value class array of unknown size
+    @Test
+    public void test35(Object src, Object dst, int len) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, len);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test35")
+    public void test35_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] src = new MyValue1[len];
+        MyValue1[] dst = new MyValue1[len];
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = testValue1;
+        }
+        test35(src, dst, src.length);
+        verify(src, dst);
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            test35(src, dst, src.length);
+            verify(src, dst);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test36(Object src, MyValue2[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, dst.length);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test36")
+    public void test36_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue2[] src = new MyValue2[len];
+        MyValue2[] dst = new MyValue2[len];
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test36(src, dst);
+        verify(src, dst);
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            test36(src, dst);
+            verify(src, dst);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test37(MyValue2[] src, Object dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test37")
+    public void test37_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue2[] src = new MyValue2[len];
+        MyValue2[] dst = new MyValue2[len];
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test37(src, dst);
+        verify(src, dst);
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            test37(src, dst);
+            verify(src, dst);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test38(Object src, MyValue2[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, dst.length);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test38")
+    @Warmup(1) // Avoid early compilation
+    public void test38_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        Object[] src = new Object[len];
+        MyValue2[] dst = new MyValue2[len];
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test38(src, dst);
+        verify(dst, src);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            TestFramework.compile(m, CompLevel.C2);
+            test38(src, dst);
+            verify(dst, src);
+            TestFramework.assertCompiled(m);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test39(MyValue2[] src, Object dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test39")
+    public void test39_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue2[] src = new MyValue2[len];
+        Object[] dst = new Object[len];
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test39(src, dst);
+        verify(src, dst);
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            test39(src, dst);
+            verify(src, dst);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test40(Object[] src, Object dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test40")
+    @Warmup(1) // Avoid early compilation
+    public void test40_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        Object[] src = new Object[len];
+        MyValue2[] dst = new MyValue2[len];
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test40(src, dst);
+        verify(dst, src);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            TestFramework.compile(m, CompLevel.C2);
+            test40(src, dst);
+            verify(dst, src);
+            TestFramework.assertCompiled(m);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test41(Object src, Object[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, dst.length);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test41")
+    public void test41_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue2[] src = new MyValue2[len];
+        Object[] dst = new Object[len];
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test41(src, dst);
+        verify(src, dst);
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            test41(src, dst);
+            verify(src, dst);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test42(Object[] src, Object[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test42")
+    public void test42_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        Object[] src = new Object[len];
+        Object[] dst = new Object[len];
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test42(src, dst);
+        verify(src, dst);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertCompiled(m);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // short arraycopy()'s
+    @Test
+    public void test43(Object src, Object dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test43")
+    public void test43_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue1[] src = new MyValue1[8];
+        MyValue1[] dst = new MyValue1[8];
+        for (int i = 1; i < 8; ++i) {
+            src[i] = testValue1;
+        }
+        test43(src, dst);
+        verify(src, dst);
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            test43(src, dst);
+            verify(src, dst);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test44(Object src, MyValue2[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test44")
+    public void test44_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2[] src = new MyValue2[8];
+        MyValue2[] dst = new MyValue2[8];
+        for (int i = 1; i < 8; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test44(src, dst);
+        verify(src, dst);
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            test44(src, dst);
+            verify(src, dst);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test45(MyValue2[] src, Object dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test45")
+    public void test45_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2[] src = new MyValue2[8];
+        MyValue2[] dst = new MyValue2[8];
+        for (int i = 1; i < 8; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test45(src, dst);
+        verify(src, dst);
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            test45(src, dst);
+            verify(src, dst);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test46(Object[] src, MyValue2[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test46")
+    @Warmup(1) // Avoid early compilation
+    public void test46_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Object[] src = new Object[8];
+        MyValue2[] dst = new MyValue2[8];
+        for (int i = 1; i < 8; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test46(src, dst);
+        verify(dst, src);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            TestFramework.compile(m, CompLevel.C2);
+            test46(src, dst);
+            verify(dst, src);
+            TestFramework.assertCompiled(m);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test47(MyValue2[] src, Object[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test47")
+    public void test47_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2[] src = new MyValue2[8];
+        Object[] dst = new Object[8];
+        for (int i = 1; i < 8; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test47(src, dst);
+        verify(src, dst);
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            test47(src, dst);
+            verify(src, dst);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test48(Object[] src, Object dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test48")
+    @Warmup(1) // Avoid early compilation
+    public void test48_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Object[] src = new Object[8];
+        MyValue2[] dst = new MyValue2[8];
+        for (int i = 1; i < 8; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test48(src, dst);
+        verify(dst, src);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertDeoptimizedByC2(m);
+            TestFramework.compile(m, CompLevel.C2);
+            test48(src, dst);
+            verify(dst, src);
+            TestFramework.assertCompiled(m);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test49(Object src, Object[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test49")
+    public void test49_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue2[] src = new MyValue2[8];
+        Object[] dst = new Object[8];
+        for (int i = 1; i < 8; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test49(src, dst);
+        verify(src, dst);
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            test49(src, dst);
+            verify(src, dst);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test50(Object[] src, Object[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 8);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test50")
+    public void test50_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Object[] src = new Object[8];
+        Object[] dst = new Object[8];
+        for (int i = 1; i < 8; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        test50(src, dst);
+        verify(src, dst);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Method m = info.getTest();
+            TestFramework.assertCompiled(m);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test51(MyValue1[] va) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(va, va.length, MyValue1[].class);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test51")
+    public void test51_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[len];
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = testValue1;
+        }
+        MyValue1[] result = test51(va);
+        verify(va, result);
+    }
+
+    static final MyValue1[] test52_va = new MyValue1[8];
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test52() {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(test52_va, 8, MyValue1[].class);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test52")
+    public void test52_verifier() {
+        for (int i = 1; i < 8; ++i) {
+            test52_va[i] = testValue1;
+        }
+        MyValue1[] result = test52();
+        verify(test52_va, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test53(Object[] va) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(va, va.length, MyValue1[].class);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test53")
+    public void test53_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[len];
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = testValue1;
+        }
+        MyValue1[] result = test53(va);
+        verify(result, va);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test54(MyValue1[] va) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(va, va.length, Object[].class);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test54")
+    public void test54_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[len];
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = testValue1;
+        }
+        Object[] result = test54(va);
+        verify(va, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test55(Object[] va) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(va, va.length, Object[].class);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test55")
+    public void test55_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[len];
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = testValue1;
+        }
+        Object[] result = test55(va);
+        verify(va, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test56(Object[] va) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(va, va.length, MyValue1[].class);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test56")
+    public void test56_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        Object[] va = new Object[len];
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = testValue1;
+        }
+        MyValue1[] result = test56(va);
+        verify(result, va);
+    }
+
+   @Test
+    public Object[] test57(Object[] va, Class klass) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(va, va.length, klass);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test57")
+    public void test57_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        Object[] va = new MyValue1[len];
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = testValue1;
+        }
+        Object[] result = test57(va, MyValue1[].class);
+        verify(va, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test58(MyValue1[] va, Class klass) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(va, va.length, klass);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test58")
+    public void test58_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[len];
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = testValue1;
+        }
+        for (int i = 1; i < 10; i++) {
+            Object[] result = test58(va, MyValue1[].class);
+            verify(va, result);
+        }
+        if (compile_and_run_again_if_deoptimized(info)) {
+            Object[] result = test58(va, MyValue1[].class);
+            verify(va, result);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test59(MyValue1[] va) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(va, va.length+1, MyValue1[].class);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test59")
+    public void test59_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[len];
+        MyValue1[] verif = new MyValue1[len+1];
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = testValue1;
+            verif[i] = va[i];
+        }
+        Object[] result = test59(va);
+        verify(verif, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test60(Object[] va, Class klass) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(va, va.length+1, klass);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test60")
+    public void test60_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[len];
+        MyValue1[] verif = new MyValue1[len+1];
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = testValue1;
+            verif[i] = (MyValue1)va[i];
+        }
+        Object[] result = test60(va, MyValue1[].class);
+        verify(verif, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test61(Object[] va, Class klass) {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(va, va.length+1, klass);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test61")
+    public void test61_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        Object[] va = new NonValueClass[len];
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        }
+        Object[] result = test61(va, NonValueClass[].class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < va.length; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i], result[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object[] test62_helper(int i, MyValue1[] va, NonValueClass[] oa) {
+        Object[] arr = null;
+        if (i == 10) {
+            arr = oa;
+        } else {
+            arr = va;
+        }
+        return arr;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test62(MyValue1[] va, NonValueClass[] oa) {
+        int i = 0;
+        for (; i < 10; i++);
+
+        Object[] arr = test62_helper(i, va, oa);
+
+        return Arrays.copyOf(arr, arr.length+1, arr.getClass());
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test62")
+    public void test62_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[len];
+        NonValueClass[] oa = new NonValueClass[len];
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            oa[i] = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        }
+        test62_helper(42, va, oa);
+        Object[] result = test62(va, oa);
+        for (int i = 0; i < va.length; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(oa[i], result[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object[] test63_helper(int i, MyValue1[] va, NonValueClass[] oa) {
+        Object[] arr = null;
+        if (i == 10) {
+            arr = va;
+        } else {
+            arr = oa;
+        }
+        return arr;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test63(MyValue1[] va, NonValueClass[] oa) {
+        int i = 0;
+        for (; i < 10; i++);
+
+        Object[] arr = test63_helper(i, va, oa);
+
+        return Arrays.copyOf(arr, arr.length+1, arr.getClass());
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test63")
+    public void test63_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[len];
+        MyValue1[] verif = new MyValue1[len+1];
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = testValue1;
+            verif[i] = va[i];
+        }
+        NonValueClass[] oa = new NonValueClass[len];
+        test63_helper(42, va, oa);
+        Object[] result = test63(va, oa);
+        verify(verif, result);
+    }
+
+    // Test initialization of value class arrays: small array
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test64() {
+        return new MyValue1[8];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test64")
+    public void test64_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = test64();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i], null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test initialization of value class arrays: large array
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test65() {
+        return new MyValue1[32];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test65")
+    public void test65_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = test65();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 32; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i], null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Check init store elimination
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "= 1"})
+    public MyValue1[] test66(MyValue1 vt) {
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[1];
+        va[0] = vt;
+        return va;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test66")
+    public void test66_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1[] va = test66(vt);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt, va[0]);
+    }
+
+    // Zeroing elimination and arraycopy
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test67(MyValue1[] src) {
+        MyValue1[] dst = new MyValue1[16];
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 13);
+        return dst;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test67")
+    public void test67_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[16];
+        MyValue1[] var = test67(va);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(var[i], null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // A store with a zero value can be eliminated
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test68() {
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[2];
+        va[0] = va[1];
+        return va;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test68")
+    public void test68_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = test68();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i], null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Requires individual stores to init array
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test69(MyValue1 vt) {
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[4];
+        va[0] = vt;
+        va[3] = vt;
+        return va;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test69")
+    public void test69_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[4];
+        va[0] = vt;
+        va[3] = vt;
+        MyValue1[] var = test69(vt);
+        for (int i = 0; i < va.length; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i], var[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test68 but store is further away from allocation
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1[] test70(MyValue1[] other) {
+        other[1] = other[0];
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[2];
+        other[0] = va[1];
+        va[0] = va[1];
+        return va;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test70")
+    public void test70_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[2];
+        MyValue1[] var = test70(va);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(va[i], var[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // EA needs to consider oop fields in flattened arrays
+    @Test
+    public void test71() {
+        int len = 10;
+        MyValue2[] src = new MyValue2[len];
+        MyValue2[] dst = new MyValue2[len];
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            src[i] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI+i, rD+i);
+        }
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(src[i], dst[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test71")
+    public void test71_verifier() {
+        test71();
+    }
+
+    // Test EA with leaf call to 'store_unknown_value'
+    @Test
+    public void test72(Object[] o, boolean b, Object element) {
+        Object[] arr1 = new Object[10];
+        Object[] arr2 = new Object[10];
+        if (b) {
+            arr1 = o;
+        }
+        arr1[0] = element;
+        arr2[0] = element;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test72")
+    public void test72_verifier() {
+        Object[] arr = new Object[1];
+        Object elem = new Object();
+        test72(arr, true, elem);
+        test72(arr, false, elem);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test73(Object[] oa, MyValue1 v, Object o) {
+        // TestLWorld.test38 use a C1 Phi node for the array. This test
+        // adds the case where the stored value is a C1 Phi node.
+        Object o2 = (o == null) ? v : o;
+        oa[0] = v;  // The stored value is known to be flattenable
+        oa[1] = o;  // The stored value may be flattenable
+        oa[2] = o2; // The stored value may be flattenable (a C1 Phi node)
+        oa[0] = oa; // The stored value is known to be not flattenable (an Object[])
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test73")
+    public void test73_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 v0 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1 v1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        MyValue1[] arr = new MyValue1[3];
+        try {
+            test73(arr, v0, v1);
+            throw new RuntimeException("ArrayStoreException expected");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException t) {
+            // expected
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v0, arr[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v1, arr[1]);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(v1, arr[2]);
+    }
+
+    // Some more array clone tests
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object[] test74_helper(int i, MyValue1[] va, NonValueClass[] oa) {
+        Object[] arr = null;
+        if (i == 10) {
+            arr = oa;
+        } else {
+            arr = va;
+        }
+        return arr;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test74(MyValue1[] va, NonValueClass[] oa) {
+        int i = 0;
+        for (; i < 10; i++);
+
+        Object[] arr = test74_helper(i, va, oa);
+        return arr.clone();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test74")
+    public void test74_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[len];
+        NonValueClass[] oa = new NonValueClass[len];
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            oa[i] = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        }
+        test74_helper(42, va, oa);
+        Object[] result = test74(va, oa);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < va.length; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(oa[i], result[i]);
+            // Check that array has correct properties (null-ok)
+            result[i] = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object[] test75_helper(int i, MyValue1[] va, NonValueClass[] oa) {
+        Object[] arr = null;
+        if (i == 10) {
+            arr = va;
+        } else {
+            arr = oa;
+        }
+        return arr;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test75(MyValue1[] va, NonValueClass[] oa) {
+        int i = 0;
+        for (; i < 10; i++);
+
+        Object[] arr = test75_helper(i, va, oa);
+        return arr.clone();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test75")
+    public void test75_verifier() {
+        int len = Math.abs(rI) % 10;
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[len];
+        MyValue1[] verif = new MyValue1[len];
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
+            va[i] = testValue1;
+            verif[i] = va[i];
+        }
+        NonValueClass[] oa = new NonValueClass[len];
+        test75_helper(42, va, oa);
+        Object[] result = test75(va, oa);
+        verify(verif, result);
+        if (len > 0) {
+            // Check that array has correct properties (null-ok)
+            result[0] = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test mixing nullable and non-nullable arrays
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test76(MyValue1[] vva, MyValue1[] vba, MyValue1 vt, Object[] out, int n) {
+        Object[] result = null;
+        if (n == 0) {
+            result = vva;
+        } else if (n == 1) {
+            result = vba;
+        } else if (n == 2) {
+            result = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 42, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        } else if (n == 3) {
+            result = new MyValue1[42];
+        }
+        result[0] = vt;
+        out[0] = result[1];
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test76")
+    public void test76_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = testValue1;
+        Object[] out = new Object[1];
+        MyValue1[] vva = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 42, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] vva_r = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 42, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        vva_r[0] = vt;
+        MyValue1[] vba = new MyValue1[42];
+        MyValue1[] vba_r = new MyValue1[42];
+        vba_r[0] = vt;
+        Object[] result = test76(vva, vba, vt, out, 0);
+        verify(result, vva_r);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(out[0], vva_r[1]);
+        result = test76(vva, vba, vt, out, 1);
+        verify(result, vba_r);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(out[0], vba_r[1]);
+        result = test76(vva, vba, vt, out, 2);
+        verify(result, vva_r);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(out[0], vva_r[1]);
+        result = test76(vva, vba, vt, out, 3);
+        verify(result, vba_r);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(out[0], vba_r[1]);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test77(boolean b) {
+        Object[] va;
+        if (b) {
+            va = new MyValue1[5];
+            for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
+                va[i] = testValue1;
+            }
+        } else {
+            va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 10, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+                va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI + i, rL + i);
+            }
+        }
+        long sum = ((MyValue1)va[0]).hashInterpreted();
+        if (b) {
+            va[0] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI, sum);
+        } else {
+            va[0] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsDontInline(rI + 1, sum + 1);
+        }
+        return va;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test77")
+    public void test77_verifier() {
+        Object[] va = test77(true);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(va.length, 5);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(((MyValue1)va[0]).hash(), hash(rI, hash()));
+        for (int i = 1; i < 5; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(((MyValue1)va[i]).hash(), hash());
+        }
+        va = test77(false);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(va.length, 10);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(((MyValue1)va[0]).hash(), hash(rI + 1, hash(rI, rL) + 1));
+        for (int i = 1; i < 10; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(((MyValue1)va[i]).hash(), hash(rI + i, rL + i));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test76 but with non value class array cases
+    @Test
+    public Object[] test78(MyValue1[] vva, MyValue1[] vba, Object val, Object[] out, int n) {
+        Object[] result = null;
+        if (n == 0) {
+            result = vva;
+        } else if (n == 1) {
+            result = vba;
+        } else if (n == 2) {
+            result = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 42, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        } else if (n == 3) {
+            result = new MyValue1[42];
+        } else if (n == 4) {
+            result = new NonValueClass[42];
+        }
+        result[0] = val;
+        out[0] = result[1];
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test78")
+    public void test78_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = testValue1;
+        NonValueClass obj = new NonValueClass(42);
+        Object[] out = new Object[1];
+        MyValue1[] vva = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 42, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] vva_r = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 42, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        vva_r[0] = vt;
+        MyValue1[] vba = new MyValue1[42];
+        MyValue1[] vba_r = new MyValue1[42];
+        vba_r[0] = vt;
+        Object[] result = test78(vva, vba, vt, out, 0);
+        verify(result, vva_r);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(out[0], vva_r[1]);
+        result = test78(vva, vba, vt, out, 1);
+        verify(result, vba_r);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(out[0], vba_r[1]);
+        result = test78(vva, vba, vt, out, 2);
+        verify(result, vva_r);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(out[0], vva_r[1]);
+        result = test78(vva, vba, vt, out, 3);
+        verify(result, vba_r);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(out[0], vba_r[1]);
+        result = test78(vva, vba, obj, out, 4);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result[0], obj);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(out[0], null);
+    }
+
+    // Test widening conversions from [Q to [L
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOOP, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public static MyValue1[] test79(MyValue1[] va) {
+        return va;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test79")
+    public void test79_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        va[0] = testValue1;
+        MyValue1[] res = test79(va);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, res[0]);
+        try {
+            res[0] = null;
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        res[0] = testValue1;
+        test79(null); // Should not throw NPE
+    }
+
+    // Same as test79 but with explicit cast and Object return
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOOP, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public static Object[] test80(MyValue1[] va) {
+        return (MyValue1[])va;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test80")
+    public void test80_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        va[0] = testValue1;
+        Object[] res = test80(va);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, res[0]);
+        try {
+            res[0] = null;
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        res[0] = testValue1;
+        test80(null); // Should not throw NPE
+    }
+
+    // Test mixing widened and boxed array type
+    @Test
+    public static long test81(MyValue1[] va1, MyValue1[] va2, MyValue1 vt, boolean b, boolean shouldThrow) {
+        MyValue1[] result = b ? va1 : va2;
+        try {
+            result[0] = vt;
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Ignored
+        }
+        return result[1].hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test81")
+    public void test81_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 2, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] vaB = new MyValue1[2];
+        va[1] = testValue1;
+        vaB[1] = testValue1;
+        long res = test81(va, vaB, testValue1, true, true);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, va[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue1.hash());
+        res = test81(va, vaB, testValue1, false, false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, vaB[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue1.hash());
+        res = test81(va, va, testValue1, false, true);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, va[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue1.hash());
+    }
+
+    // Same as test81 but more cases and null writes
+    @Test
+    public static long test82(MyValue1[] va1, MyValue1[] va2, MyValue1 vt1, MyValue1 vt2, int i, boolean shouldThrow) {
+        MyValue1[] result = null;
+        if (i == 0) {
+            result = va1;
+        } else if (i == 1) {
+            result = va2;
+        } else if (i == 2) {
+            result = new MyValue1[2];
+            result[1] = vt1;
+        } else if (i == 3) {
+            result = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 2, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+            result[1] = vt1;
+        }
+        try {
+            result[0] = (i <= 1) ? null : vt2;
+            if (shouldThrow) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+            }
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(shouldThrow, "NullPointerException thrown");
+        }
+        result[0] = vt1;
+        return result[1].hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test82")
+    public void test82_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 2, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] vaB = new MyValue1[2];
+        va[1] = testValue1;
+        vaB[1] = testValue1;
+        long res = test82(va, vaB, testValue1, testValue1, 0, true);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, va[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue1.hash());
+        res = test82(va, vaB, testValue1, testValue1, 1, false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, vaB[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue1.hash());
+        res = test82(va, va, testValue1, testValue1, 1, true);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, va[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue1.hash());
+        res = test82(va, va, testValue1, null, 2, false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, va[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue1.hash());
+        res = test82(va, va, testValue1, null, 3, true);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, va[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue1.hash());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public static long test83(MyValue1[] va) {
+        MyValue1[] result = va;
+        return result[0].hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test83")
+    public void test83_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 42, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        va[0] = testValue1;
+        long res = test83(va);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue1.hash());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOOP, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP},
+        counts = {STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, "= 38"})
+    public static MyValue1[] test84(MyValue1 vt1, MyValue1 vt2) {
+        MyValue1[] result = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 2, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        result[0] = vt1;
+        result[1] = vt2;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Warmup(value = 10000)
+    @Run(test = "test84")
+    public void test84_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] res = test84(testValue1, testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, res[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, res[1]);
+        try {
+            test84(testValue1, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOOP, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP},
+        counts = {STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, "= 38"})
+    public static Object[] test84a(MyValue1 vt1, MyValue1 vt2) {
+        Object[] result = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 2, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        result[0] = vt1;
+        result[1] = vt2;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Warmup(value = 10000)
+    @Run(test = "test84a")
+    public void test84a_verifier() {
+        Object[] res = test84a(testValue1, testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, res[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, res[1]);
+        try {
+            test84a(testValue1, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public static long test85(MyValue1[] va, MyValue1 val) {
+        va[0] = val;
+        return va[1].hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test85")
+    public void test85_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 2, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] vab = new MyValue1[2];
+        va[1] = testValue1;
+        vab[1] = testValue1;
+        long res = test85(va, testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue1.hash());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, va[0]);
+        res = test85(vab, testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue1.hash());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, vab[0]);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test85 but with ref value
+    @Test
+    public static long test86(MyValue1[] va, MyValue1 val) {
+        va[0] = val;
+        return va[1].hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test86")
+    public void test86_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 2, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] vab = new MyValue1[2];
+        va[1] = testValue1;
+        vab[1] = testValue1;
+        long res = test86(va, testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue1.hash());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, va[0]);
+        try {
+            test86(va, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        res = test86(vab, testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue1.hash());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, vab[0]);
+        res = test86(vab, null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue1.hash());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(null, vab[0]);
+    }
+
+    // Test initialization of nullable array with constant
+    @Test
+    public long test87() {
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[1];
+        va[0] = testValue1;
+        return va[0].hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test87")
+    public void test87_verifier() {
+        long result = test87();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, hash());
+    }
+
+
+    // Test casting to null restricted array
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOOP, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public static MyValue1[] test88(Class c, MyValue1[] va) {
+        return (MyValue1[])c.cast(va);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test88")
+    public void test88_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        Class c = va.getClass();
+        va[0] = testValue1;
+        MyValue1[] res = test88(c, va);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, res[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, va);
+        res[0] = testValue1;
+        test88(c, null); // Should not throw NPE
+        va = new MyValue1[1];
+        res = test88(c, va);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, va);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test88 but with Object argument
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOOP, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public static MyValue1[] test89(Class c, Object[] va) {
+        return (MyValue1[])c.cast(va);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test89")
+    public void test89_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        Class c = va.getClass();
+        va[0] = testValue1;
+        MyValue1[] res = test89(c, va);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, res[0]);
+        res[0] = testValue1;
+        test89(c, null); // Should not throw NPE
+        va = new MyValue1[1];
+        res = test89(c, va);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, va);
+    }
+
+    // More cast tests
+    @Test
+    public static MyValue1[] test90(Object va) {
+        return (MyValue1[])va;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test90")
+    public void test90_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] vab = new MyValue1[1];
+        try {
+          // Trigger some ClassCastExceptions so C2 does not add an uncommon trap
+          test90(new NonValueClass[0]);
+        } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
+          // Expected
+        }
+        test90(va);
+        test90(vab);
+        test90(null);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public static MyValue1[] test91(Object[] va) {
+        return (MyValue1[])va;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test91")
+    public void test91_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] vab = new MyValue1[1];
+        try {
+          // Trigger some ClassCastExceptions so C2 does not add an uncommon trap
+          test91(new NonValueClass[0]);
+        } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
+          // Expected
+        }
+        test91(va);
+        test91(vab);
+        test91(null);
+    }
+
+    // Test if arraycopy intrinsic correctly checks for flattened source array
+    @Test
+    public static void test92(MyValue1[] src, MyValue1[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 2);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test92")
+    public void test92_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 2, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] vab = new MyValue1[2];
+        va[0] = testValue1;
+        vab[0] = testValue1;
+        test92(va, vab);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(va[0], vab[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(va[1], vab[1]);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public static void test93(Object src, MyValue1[] dst) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 2);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test93")
+    public void test93_verifier() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 2, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] vab = new MyValue1[2];
+        va[0] = testValue1;
+        vab[0] = testValue1;
+        test93(va, vab);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(va[0], vab[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(va[1], vab[1]);
+    }
+
+    // Test non-escaping allocation with arraycopy
+    // that does not modify loaded array element.
+    @Test
+    public static long test94() {
+        MyValue1[] src = new MyValue1[8];
+        MyValue1[] dst = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 8, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 1; i < 8; ++i) {
+            src[i] = testValue1;
+        }
+        System.arraycopy(src, 1, dst, 2, 6);
+        return dst[0].hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test94")
+    public static void test94_verifier() {
+        long result = test94();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, MyValue1.createDefaultInline().hash());
+    }
+
+    // Test meeting constant TypeInstPtr with InlineTypeNode
+    @ForceInline
+    public long test95_callee() {
+        MyValue1[] va = new MyValue1[1];
+        va[0] = testValue1;
+        return va[0].hashInterpreted();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public long test95() {
+        return test95_callee();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test95")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test95_verifier() {
+        long result = test95();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, hash());
+    }
+
+    // Matrix multiplication test to exercise type flow analysis with nullable value class arrays
+    static value class Complex {
+        private final double re;
+        private final double im;
+
+        Complex(double re, double im) {
+            this.re = re;
+            this.im = im;
+        }
+
+        public Complex add(Complex that) {
+            return new Complex(this.re + that.re, this.im + that.im);
+        }
+
+        public Complex mul(Complex that) {
+            return new Complex(this.re * that.re - this.im * that.im,
+                               this.re * that.im + this.im * that.re);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Complex[][] test96(Complex[][] A, Complex[][] B) {
+        int size = A.length;
+        Complex[][] R = new Complex[size][size];
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            for (int k = 0; k < size; k++) {
+                Complex aik = A[i][k];
+                for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                    R[i][j] = B[i][j].add(aik.mul((Complex)B[k][j]));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return R;
+    }
+
+    static Complex[][] test96_A = new Complex[10][10];
+    static Complex[][] test96_B = new Complex[10][10];
+    static Complex[][] test96_R;
+
+    static {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+                test96_A[i][j] = new Complex(rI, rI);
+                test96_B[i][j] = new Complex(rI, rI);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test96")
+    public void test96_verifier() {
+        Complex[][] result = test96(test96_A, test96_B);
+        if (test96_R == null) {
+            test96_R = result;
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(result[i][j], test96_R[i][j]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test loads from vararg arrays
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE})
+    public static Object test97(Object... args) {
+        return args[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test97")
+    public static void test97_verifier() {
+        Object obj = new Object();
+        Object result = test97(obj);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, obj);
+        NonValueClass[] myInt = new NonValueClass[1];
+        NonValueClass otherObj = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        myInt[0] = otherObj;
+        result = test97((Object[])myInt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, otherObj);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public static Object test98(Object... args) {
+        return args[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test98")
+    public static void test98_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Object obj = new Object();
+        Object result = test98(obj);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, obj);
+        NonValueClass[] myInt = new NonValueClass[1];
+        NonValueClass otherObj = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        myInt[0] = otherObj;
+        result = test98((Object[])myInt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, otherObj);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+            MyValue1[] vab = new MyValue1[1];
+            result = test98((Object[])va);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(MyValue1.createDefaultInline(), result);
+            result = test98((Object[])vab);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(null, result);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public static Object test99(Object... args) {
+        return args[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test99")
+    public static void test99_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Object obj = new Object();
+        Object result = test99(obj);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, obj);
+        NonValueClass[] myInt = new NonValueClass[1];
+        NonValueClass otherObj = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        myInt[0] = otherObj;
+        result = test99((Object[])myInt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, otherObj);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            try {
+                test99((Object[])null);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+            } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public static Object test100(Object... args) {
+        return args[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test100")
+    public static void test100_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Object obj = new Object();
+        Object result = test100(obj);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, obj);
+        NonValueClass[] myInt = new NonValueClass[1];
+        NonValueClass otherObj = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        myInt[0] = otherObj;
+        result = test100((Object[])myInt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, otherObj);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            try {
+                test100();
+                throw new RuntimeException("No AIOOBE thrown");
+            } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aioobe) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test stores to varag arrays
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE)
+    public static void test101(Object val, Object... args) {
+        args[0] = val;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test101")
+    public static void test101_verifier() {
+        Object obj = new Object();
+        test101(obj, obj);
+        NonValueClass[] myInt = new NonValueClass[1];
+        NonValueClass otherObj = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        test101(otherObj, (Object[])myInt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(myInt[0], otherObj);
+        test101(null, (Object[])myInt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(myInt[0], null);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public static void test102(Object val, Object... args) {
+        args[0] = val;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test102")
+    public static void test102_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Object obj = new Object();
+        test102(obj, obj);
+        NonValueClass[] myInt = new NonValueClass[1];
+        NonValueClass otherObj = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        test102(otherObj, (Object[])myInt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(myInt[0], otherObj);
+        test102(null, (Object[])myInt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(myInt[0], null);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+            MyValue1[] vab = new MyValue1[1];
+            test102(testValue1, (Object[])va);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, va[0]);
+            test102(testValue1, (Object[])vab);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, vab[0]);
+            test102(null, (Object[])vab);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(null, vab[0]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public static void test103(Object val, Object... args) {
+        args[0] = val;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test103")
+    public static void test103_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Object obj = new Object();
+        test103(obj, obj);
+        NonValueClass[] myInt = new NonValueClass[1];
+        NonValueClass otherObj = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        test103(otherObj, (Object[])myInt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(myInt[0], otherObj);
+        test103(null, (Object[])myInt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(myInt[0], null);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+            try {
+                test103(null, (Object[])va);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+            } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public static void test104(Object val, Object... args) {
+        args[0] = val;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test104")
+    public static void test104_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Object obj = new Object();
+        test104(obj, obj);
+        NonValueClass[] myInt = new NonValueClass[1];
+        NonValueClass otherObj = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        test104(otherObj, (Object[])myInt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(myInt[0], otherObj);
+        test104(null, (Object[])myInt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(myInt[0], null);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            try {
+                test104(testValue1);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No AIOOBE thrown");
+            } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aioobe) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public static void test105(Object val, Object... args) {
+        args[0] = val;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test105")
+    public static void test105_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Object obj = new Object();
+        test105(obj, obj);
+        NonValueClass[] myInt = new NonValueClass[1];
+        NonValueClass otherObj = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        test105(otherObj, (Object[])myInt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(myInt[0], otherObj);
+        test105(null, (Object[])myInt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(myInt[0], null);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            try {
+                test105(testValue1, (Object[])null);
+                throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+            } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public static Object[] test106(Object[] dst, Object... args) {
+        // Access array to speculate on non-flatness
+        if (args[0] == null) {
+            args[0] = testValue1;
+        }
+        System.arraycopy(args, 0, dst, 0, args.length);
+        System.arraycopy(dst, 0, args, 0, dst.length);
+        Object[] clone = args.clone();
+        if (clone[0] == null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected null");
+        }
+        return Arrays.copyOf(args, args.length, Object[].class);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test106")
+    public static void test106_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Object[] dst = new Object[1];
+        Object obj = new Object();
+        Object[] result = test106(dst, obj);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result[0], obj);
+        NonValueClass[] myInt = new NonValueClass[1];
+        NonValueClass otherObj = new NonValueClass(rI);
+        myInt[0] = otherObj;
+        result = test106(myInt, (Object[])myInt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result[0], otherObj);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+            MyValue1[] vab = new MyValue1[1];
+            result = test106(va, (Object[])va);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(MyValue1.createDefaultInline(), result[0]);
+            result = test106(vab, (Object[])vab);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, result[0]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test that allocation is not replaced by non-dominating allocation
+    @ForceInline
+    public long test107_helper(MyValue1[] va, MyValue1 vt) {
+        try {
+            va[0] = vt;
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) { }
+        return va[1].hash();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test107() {
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 2, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] tmp = new MyValue1[2];
+        long res1 = test107_helper(va, testValue1);
+        long res2 = test107_helper(va, testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, va[0]);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res1, MyValue1.createDefaultInline().hash());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res2, MyValue1.createDefaultInline().hash());
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test107")
+    public void test107_verifier() {
+        test107();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object test108(MyValue1[] src, boolean flag) {
+        MyValue1[] dst = new MyValue1[8];
+        System.arraycopy(src, 1, dst, 2, 6);
+        if (flag) {} // uncommon trap
+        return dst[2];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test108")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test108_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue1[] src = new MyValue1[8];
+        test108(src, !info.isWarmUp());
+    }
+
+    // Test LoadNode::can_see_arraycopy_value optimization
+    @Test
+    public static void test109() {
+        MyValue1[] src = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        MyValue1[] dst = new MyValue1[1];
+        src[0] = testValue1;
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(src[0], dst[0]);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test109")
+    public void test109_verifier() {
+        test109();
+    }
+
+    // Same as test109 but with Object destination array
+    @Test
+    public static void test110() {
+        MyValue1[] src = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        Object[] dst = new Object[1];
+        src[0] = testValue1;
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, 1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(src[0], dst[0]);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test110")
+    public void test110_verifier() {
+        test110();
+    }
+
+    // Same as test109 but with Arrays.copyOf
+    @Test
+    public static void test111() {
+        MyValue1[] src = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        src[0] = testValue1;
+        MyValue1[] dst = Arrays.copyOf(src, src.length, MyValue1[].class);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(src[0], dst[0]);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test111")
+    public void test111_verifier() {
+        test111();
+    }
+
+    static final MyValue1[] refArray = new MyValue1[2];
+    static final MyValue1[] flatArray = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+
+    // Test scalarization
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public int test112(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b) {
+            val = refArray[0];
+        }
+        return val.x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test112")
+    public void test112_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        refArray[0] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test112(true), refArray[0].x);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test112(false), testValue1.x);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            refArray[0] = null;
+            try {
+                Asserts.assertEquals(test112(false), testValue1.x);
+                test112(true);
+                throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test112 but with call to hash()
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test113(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b) {
+            val = refArray[0];
+        }
+        return val.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test113")
+    public void test113_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        refArray[0] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test113(true), refArray[0].hash());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test113(false), testValue1.hash());
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            refArray[0] = null;
+            try {
+                Asserts.assertEquals(test113(false), testValue1.hash());
+                test113(true);
+                throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1 test114(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b) {
+            val = refArray[0];
+        }
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test114")
+    public void test114_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        refArray[0] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(refArray[0], test114(true));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, test114(false));
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            refArray[0] = null;
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test114(true), null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test scalarization when .ref is referenced in safepoint debug info
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public int test115(boolean b1, boolean b2, Method m) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b1) {
+            val = refArray[0];
+        }
+        if (b2) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return val.x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test115")
+    public void test115_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        refArray[0] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test115(true, false, info.getTest()), refArray[0].x);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test115(false, false, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            refArray[0] = null;
+            try {
+                Asserts.assertEquals(test115(false, false, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+                test115(true, false, info.getTest());
+                throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+            refArray[0] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test115(true, true, info.getTest()), refArray[0].x);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test115(false, true, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1 test116(boolean b1, boolean b2, Method m) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b1) {
+            val = refArray[0];
+        }
+        if (b2) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test116")
+    public void test116_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        refArray[0] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(refArray[0], test116(true, false, info.getTest()));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, test116(false, false, info.getTest()));
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            refArray[0] = null;
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test116(true, false, info.getTest()), null);
+            refArray[0] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(refArray[0], test116(true, true, info.getTest()));
+            Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, test116(false, true, info.getTest()));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public int test117(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 val = null;
+        if (b) {
+            val = refArray[0];
+        }
+        return val.x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test117")
+    public void test117_verifier() {
+        refArray[0] = testValue1;
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test117(true), testValue1.x);
+        try {
+            test117(false);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1 test118(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 val = null;
+        if (b) {
+            val = refArray[0];
+        }
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test118")
+    public void test118_verifier() {
+        refArray[0] = testValue1;
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, test118(true));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(null, test118(false));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public int test119(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 val = refArray[0];
+        if (b) {
+            val = null;
+        }
+        return val.x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test119")
+    public void test119_verifier() {
+        refArray[0] = testValue1;
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test119(false), testValue1.x);
+        try {
+            test119(true);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1 test120(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 val = refArray[0];
+        if (b) {
+            val = null;
+        }
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test120")
+    public void test120_verifier() {
+        refArray[0] = testValue1;
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, test120(false));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(null, test120(true));
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test121_helper() {
+        return flatArray[0];
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC},
+        counts = {STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, "= 19"})
+    public void test121(boolean b) {
+        Object o = null;
+        if (b) {
+            o = refArray[0];
+        } else {
+            o = test121_helper();
+        }
+        if (o == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        flatArray[0] = (MyValue1)o;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test121")
+    public void test121_verifier() {
+        refArray[0] = testValue1;
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        flatArray[0] = vt;
+        test121(false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(vt, flatArray[0]);
+        test121(true);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, flatArray[0]);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test122_helper() {
+        return refArray[0];
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC},
+        counts = {STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, "= 19"})
+    public void test122(boolean b) {
+        Object o = null;
+        if (b) {
+            o = flatArray[0];
+        } else {
+            o = test122_helper();
+        }
+        if (o == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        flatArray[0] = (MyValue1)o;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test122")
+    public void test122_verifier() {
+        refArray[0] = testValue1;
+        test122(false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, flatArray[0]);
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        flatArray[0] = vt;
+        test122(true);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(vt, flatArray[0]);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test123_helper() {
+        return refArray[0];
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test123(boolean b, MyValue1 val, Method m, boolean deopt) {
+        MyValue1[] array = new MyValue1[1];
+        array[0] = val;
+        Object res = null;
+        if (b) {
+            res = array[0];
+        } else {
+            res = test123_helper();
+        }
+        if (deopt) {
+            // uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return ((MyValue1)res).hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test123")
+    public void test123_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        refArray[0] = MyValue1.createDefaultInline();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test123(true, testValue1, info.getTest(), false), testValue1.hash());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test123(false, testValue1, info.getTest(), false), MyValue1.createDefaultInline().hash());
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test123(true, testValue1, info.getTest(), true), testValue1.hash());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test124_helper(MyValue2 val) {
+        MyValue2[] array = new MyValue2[1];
+        array[0] = val;
+        return array[0];
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test124(boolean b, MyValue2 val, Method m, boolean deopt) {
+        Object res = null;
+        if (b) {
+            res = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rD+1);
+        } else {
+            res = test124_helper(val);
+        }
+        if (deopt) {
+            // uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return ((MyValue2)res).hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test124")
+    public void test124_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        refArray[0] = MyValue1.createDefaultInline();
+        MyValue2 val1 = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        MyValue2 val2 = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rD+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test124(true, val1, info.getTest(), false), val2.hash());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test124(false, val1, info.getTest(), false), val1.hash());
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test124(true, val1, info.getTest(), true), val2.hash());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test125_helper(Object[] array, MyValue2 val) {
+        array[0] = val;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test125(boolean b, MyValue2 val, Method m, boolean deopt) {
+        Object[] res = new MyValue2[1];
+        if (b) {
+            res[0] = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rD+1);
+        } else {
+            test125_helper(res, val);
+        }
+        val = ((MyValue2)res[0]);
+        if (deopt) {
+            // uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return val.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test125")
+    public void test125_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        refArray[0] = MyValue1.createDefaultInline();
+        MyValue2 val1 = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+        MyValue2 val2 = MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rD+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test125(true, val1, info.getTest(), false), val2.hash());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test125(false, val1, info.getTest(), false), val1.hash());
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test125(true, val1, info.getTest(), true), val2.hash());
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object oFld = null;
+
+    static value class MyValue126  {
+        int x;
+
+        MyValue126(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test that result of access to unknown flat array is not marked as null-free
+    @Test
+    public void test126(Object[] array, int i) {
+        oFld = array[i];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test126")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test126_verifier() {
+        MyValue126[] array = (MyValue126[]) ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue126.class, 2);
+        array[1] = new MyValue126(rI);
+        test126(array, 1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(oFld, new MyValue126(rI));
+        test126(array, 0);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(oFld, null);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test126 but different failure mode
+    @Test
+    public void test127(Object[] array, int i) {
+        oFld = (MyValue126)array[i];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test127")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test127_verifier() {
+        MyValue126[] array = (MyValue126[]) ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue126.class, 2);
+        array[1] = new MyValue126(rI);
+        test127(array, 1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(oFld, new MyValue126(rI));
+        test127(array, 0);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(oFld, null);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableInlineTypes.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableInlineTypes.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..61d923ed629
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableInlineTypes.java
@@ -0,0 +1,3443 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper;
+
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.*;
+
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.CMP_N;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.CMP_P;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.PREDICATE_TRAP;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test correct handling of nullable value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 0
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test correct handling of nullable value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 1
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test correct handling of nullable value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 2
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test correct handling of nullable value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver/timeout=300 ${test.main.class} 3
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test correct handling of nullable value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 4
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test correct handling of nullable value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 5
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test correct handling of nullable value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @requires (vm.opt.PreloadClasses == null | vm.opt.PreloadClasses == "true")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 6
+ */
+
+@ForceCompileClassInitializer
+public class TestNullableInlineTypes {
+
+    public TestNullableInlineTypes() {
+        valueField1 = testValue1;
+        flatField = MyValue1.DEFAULT;
+        wrapperField = new MyValue1Wrapper(testValue1);
+        test97_res1 = MyValue3.create();
+        test97_res3 = MyValue3.create();
+        field2 = new MyValue104();
+        field4 = new MyValueEmpty();
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+
+        Scenario[] scenarios = InlineTypes.DEFAULT_SCENARIOS;
+        scenarios[3].addFlags("-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening");
+        scenarios[4].addFlags("-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck");
+
+        InlineTypes.getFramework()
+                   .addScenarios(scenarios[Integer.parseInt(args[0])])
+                   .addHelperClasses(MyValue1.class,
+                                     MyValue2.class,
+                                     MyValue2Inline.class,
+                                     MyValue3.class,
+                                     MyValue3Inline.class)
+                   .start();
+    }
+
+    static {
+        // Make sure RuntimeException is loaded to prevent uncommon traps in IR verified tests
+        RuntimeException tmp = new RuntimeException("42");
+        try {
+            Class<?> clazz = TestNullableInlineTypes.class;
+            MethodHandles.Lookup lookup = MethodHandles.lookup();
+
+            MethodType test18_mt = MethodType.methodType(void.class, MyValue1.class);
+            test18_mh1 = lookup.findStatic(clazz, "test18_target1", test18_mt);
+            test18_mh2 = lookup.findStatic(clazz, "test18_target2", test18_mt);
+
+            MethodType test19_mt = MethodType.methodType(void.class, MyValue1.class);
+            test19_mh1 = lookup.findStatic(clazz, "test19_target1", test19_mt);
+            test19_mh2 = lookup.findStatic(clazz, "test19_target2", test19_mt);
+        } catch (NoSuchMethodException | IllegalAccessException e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+            throw new RuntimeException("Method handle lookup failed");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    private static final MyValue1 testValue1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+
+    private static final MyValue1[] testValue1Array = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 3, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+    static {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
+            testValue1Array[i] = testValue1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    MyValue1 nullField;
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue1 valueField1;
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public long test1(MyValue1 vt) {
+        long result = 0;
+        try {
+            result = vt.hash();
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test1")
+    public void test1_verifier() {
+        long result = test1(null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, 0L);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public long test2(MyValue1 vt) {
+        long result = 0;
+        try {
+            result = vt.hashInterpreted();
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test2")
+    public void test2_verifier() {
+        long result = test2(null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, 0L);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public long test3() {
+        long result = 0;
+        try {
+            if ((Object)nullField != null) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("nullField should be null");
+            }
+            result = nullField.hash();
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test3")
+    public void test3_verifier() {
+        long result = test3();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, 0L);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public void test4() {
+        try {
+            valueField1 = nullField;
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test4")
+    public void test4_verifier() {
+        test4();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public MyValue1 test5(MyValue1 vt) {
+        Object o = vt;
+        vt = (MyValue1)o;
+        vt = test5_dontinline(vt);
+        vt = test5_inline(vt);
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test5")
+    public void test5_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test5(val), val);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test5(null), null);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyValue1 test5_dontinline(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValue1 test5_inline(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1 test6(Object obj) {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        try {
+            vt = (MyValue1)Objects.requireNonNull(obj);
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test6")
+    public void test6_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = test6(null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, vt);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValue1 getNullInline() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyValue1 getNullDontInline() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public void test7() {
+        nullField = getNullInline();     // Should not throw
+        nullField = getNullDontInline(); // Should not throw
+        try {
+            valueField1 = getNullInline();
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            valueField1 = getNullDontInline();
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test7")
+    public void test7_verifier() {
+        test7();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public void test8() {
+        try {
+            valueField1 = nullField;
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test8")
+    public void test8_verifier() {
+        test8();
+    }
+
+    // Merge of two value objects, one being null
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public void test9(boolean flag) {
+        MyValue1 v;
+        if (flag) {
+            v = valueField1;
+        } else {
+            v = nullField;
+        }
+        valueField1 = v;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test9")
+    public void test9_verifier() {
+        test9(true);
+        try {
+            test9(false);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // null constant
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public void test10(boolean flag) {
+        MyValue1 val = flag ? valueField1 : null;
+        valueField1 = val;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test10")
+    public void test10_verifier() {
+        test10(true);
+        try {
+            test10(false);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // null constant
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public void test11(boolean flag) {
+        MyValue1 val = flag ? null : valueField1;
+        valueField1 = val;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test11")
+    public void test11_verifier() {
+        test11(false);
+        try {
+            test11(true);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // null return
+    int test12_cnt;
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyValue1 test12_helper() {
+        test12_cnt++;
+        return nullField;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public void test12() {
+        valueField1 = test12_helper();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test12")
+    public void test12_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test12_cnt = 0;
+            test12();
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        if (test12_cnt != 1) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("call executed twice");
+        }
+    }
+
+    // null return at virtual call
+    class A {
+        public MyValue1 test13_helper() {
+            return nullField;
+        }
+    }
+
+    class B extends A {
+        public MyValue1 test13_helper() {
+            return nullField;
+        }
+    }
+
+    class C extends A {
+        public MyValue1 test13_helper() {
+            return nullField;
+        }
+    }
+
+    class D extends C {
+        public MyValue1 test13_helper() {
+            return nullField;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public void test13(A a) {
+        valueField1 = a.test13_helper();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test13")
+    public void test13_verifier() {
+        A a = new A();
+        A b = new B();
+        A c = new C();
+        A d = new D();
+        try {
+            test13(a);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            test13(b);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            test13(c);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            test13(d);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test writing null to a (flat) value class array
+    @ForceInline
+    public void test14_inline(Object[] oa, Object o, int index) {
+        oa[index] = o;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public void test14(MyValue1[] va, int index) {
+        test14_inline(va, nullField, index);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test14")
+    public void test14_verifier() {
+        int index = Math.abs(rI) % 3;
+        try {
+            test14(testValue1Array, index);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testValue1, testValue1Array[index]);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    MyValue1 getNullField1() {
+        return nullField;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    MyValue1 getNullField2() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public void test15() {
+        nullField = getNullField1(); // should not throw
+        try {
+            valueField1 = getNullField1();
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            valueField1 = getNullField2();
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test15")
+    public void test15_verifier() {
+        test15();
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public boolean test16_dontinline(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return vt == null;
+    }
+
+    // Test c2c call passing null for a value class
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public boolean test16(Object arg) throws Exception {
+        Method test16method = getClass().getMethod("test16_dontinline", MyValue1.class);
+        return (boolean)test16method.invoke(this, arg);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test16")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Warmup to make sure 'test17_dontinline' is compiled
+    public void test16_verifier() throws Exception {
+        boolean res = test16(null);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(res);
+    }
+
+    // Test scalarization of value class with non-flattenable field
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    final value class Test17Value {
+        public final MyValue1 valueField;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public Test17Value(MyValue1 valueField) {
+            this.valueField = valueField;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public Test17Value test17(boolean b) {
+        Test17Value vt1 = new Test17Value(null);
+        Test17Value vt2 = new Test17Value(testValue1);
+        return b ? vt1 : vt2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test17")
+    public void test17_verifier() {
+        test17(true);
+        test17(false);
+    }
+
+    static final MethodHandle test18_mh1;
+    static final MethodHandle test18_mh2;
+
+    static MyValue1 nullValue;
+
+    @DontInline
+    static void test18_target1(MyValue1 vt) {
+        nullValue = vt;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static void test18_target2(MyValue1 vt) {
+        nullValue = vt;
+    }
+
+    // Test passing null for a value class
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public void test18() throws Throwable {
+        test18_mh1.invokeExact(nullValue);
+        test18_mh2.invokeExact(nullValue);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test18")
+    @Warmup(11000) // Make sure lambda forms get compiled
+    public void test18_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test18();
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test18 failed", t);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static MethodHandle test19_mh1;
+    static MethodHandle test19_mh2;
+
+    @DontInline
+    static void test19_target1(MyValue1 vt) {
+        nullValue = vt;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    static void test19_target2(MyValue1 vt) {
+        nullValue = vt;
+    }
+
+    // Same as test12 but with non-final mh
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public void test19() throws Throwable {
+        test19_mh1.invokeExact(nullValue);
+        test19_mh2.invokeExact(nullValue);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test19")
+    @Warmup(11000) // Make sure lambda forms get compiled
+    public void test19_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test19();
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test19 failed", t);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test12/13 but with constant null
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public void test20(MethodHandle mh) throws Throwable {
+        mh.invoke(null);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test20")
+    @Warmup(11000) // Make sure lambda forms get compiled
+    public void test20_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test20(test18_mh1);
+            test20(test18_mh2);
+            test20(test19_mh1);
+            test20(test19_mh2);
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test20 failed", t);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test writing null to a flattenable/non-flattenable value class field in a value class
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    value class Test21Value {
+        MyValue1 valueField1;
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue1 valueField2;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public Test21Value(MyValue1 valueField1, MyValue1 valueField2) {
+            this.valueField1 = valueField1;
+            this.valueField2 = valueField2;
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public Test21Value test1() {
+            return new Test21Value(null, this.valueField2); // Should not throw NPE
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public Test21Value test2() {
+            return new Test21Value(this.valueField1, null); // Should throw NPE
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public Test21Value test21(Test21Value vt) {
+        vt = vt.test1();
+        try {
+            vt = vt.test2();
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test21")
+    public void test21_verifier() {
+        test21(new Test21Value(null, MyValue1.createDefaultInline()));
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyValue1 test22_helper() {
+        return nullField;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public void test22() {
+        valueField1 = test22_helper();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test22")
+    public void test22_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test22();
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true", "InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"UseArrayFlattening", "false", "InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public void test23(MyValue1 val) {
+        MyValue1[] arr = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 2, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        arr[0] = val;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test23")
+    public void test23_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 val = null;
+        try {
+            test23(val);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    static MyValue1 nullBox;
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public MyValue1 test24() {
+        return Objects.requireNonNull(nullBox);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test24")
+    public void test24_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test24();
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public void test25_callee(MyValue1 val) { }
+
+    // Test that when checkcasting from null-ok to null-free and back to null-ok we
+    // keep track of the information that the value object can never be null.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public int test25(boolean b, MyValue1 vt1, MyValue1 vt2) {
+        vt1 = (MyValue1)vt1;
+        Object obj = b ? vt1 : vt2; // We should not allocate here
+        test25_callee((MyValue1) vt1);
+        return ((MyValue1)obj).x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test25")
+    public void test25_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        int res = test25(true, testValue1, testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue1.x);
+        res = test25(false, testValue1, testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue1.x);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            try {
+                test25(true, null, testValue1);
+                throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test that chains of casts are folded and don't trigger an allocation
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public MyValue3 test26(MyValue3 vt) {
+        return ((MyValue3)((Object)((MyValue3)(MyValue3)((MyValue3)((Object)vt)))));
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test26")
+    public void test26_verifier() {
+        MyValue3 vt = MyValue3.create();
+        MyValue3 result = test26(vt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, vt);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public MyValue3 test27(MyValue3 vt) {
+        return ((MyValue3)((Object)((MyValue3)(MyValue3)((MyValue3)((Object)vt)))));
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test27")
+    public void test27_verifier() {
+        MyValue3 vt = MyValue3.create();
+        MyValue3 result = (MyValue3) test27(vt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, vt);
+    }
+
+    // Some more casting tests
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1 test28(MyValue1 vt, MyValue1 vtBox, int i) {
+        MyValue1 result = null;
+        if (i == 0) {
+            result = (MyValue1)vt;
+            result = null;
+        } else if (i == 1) {
+            result = (MyValue1)vt;
+        } else if (i == 2) {
+            result = vtBox;
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test28")
+    public void test28_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 result = test28(testValue1, null, 0);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, null);
+        result = test28(testValue1, testValue1, 1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, testValue1);
+        result = test28(testValue1, null, 2);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, null);
+        result = test28(testValue1, testValue1, 2);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, testValue1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public long test29(MyValue1 vt, MyValue1 vtBox) {
+        long result = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
+            MyValue1 box;
+            if (i == 0) {
+                box = (MyValue1)vt;
+                box = null;
+            } else if (i < 99) {
+                box = (MyValue1)vt;
+            } else {
+                box = vtBox;
+            }
+            if (box != null) {
+                result += box.hash();
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test29")
+    public void test29_verifier() {
+        long result = test29(testValue1, null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, testValue1.hash()*98);
+        result = test29(testValue1, testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, testValue1.hash()*99);
+    }
+
+    // Test null check of value object receiver with incremental inlining
+    public long test30_callee(MyValue1 vt) {
+        long result = 0;
+        try {
+            result = vt.hashInterpreted();
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public long test30() {
+        return test30_callee(nullField);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test30")
+    public void test30_verifier() {
+        long result = test30();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, 0L);
+    }
+
+    // Test casting null to unloaded value class
+    value class Test31Value {
+        private int i = 0;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public Object test31(Object o) {
+        return (Test31Value)o;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test31")
+    public void test31_verifier() {
+        test31(null);
+    }
+
+    private static final MyValue1 constNullRefField = null;
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public MyValue1 test32() {
+        return constNullRefField;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test32")
+    public void test32_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 result = test32();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, null);
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test33Value1 {
+        int x = 0;
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test33Value2 {
+        Test33Value1 vt;
+
+        public Test33Value2() {
+            vt = new Test33Value1();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    public static final Test33Value2 test33Val = new Test33Value2();
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public Test33Value2 test33() {
+        return test33Val;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test33")
+    public void test33_verifier() {
+        Test33Value2 result = test33();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(result, test33Val);
+    }
+
+    // Verify that static nullable inline-type fields are not
+    // treated as never-null by C2 when initialized at compile time.
+    private static MyValue1 test34Val;
+
+    @Test
+    public void test34(MyValue1 vt) {
+        if (test34Val == null) {
+            test34Val = vt;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test34")
+    public void test34_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        test34(testValue1);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            test34Val = null;
+            test34(testValue1);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test34Val, testValue1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test17 but with non-allocated value object
+    @Test
+    public Test17Value test35(boolean b) {
+        Test17Value vt1 = new Test17Value(null);
+        if ((Object)vt1.valueField != null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should be null");
+        }
+        MyValue1 vt3 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        Test17Value vt2 = new Test17Value(vt3);
+        return b ? vt1 : vt2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test35")
+    public void test35_verifier() {
+        test35(true);
+        test35(false);
+    }
+
+    // Test that when explicitly null checking a value object, we keep
+    // track of the information that the value object can never be null.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public int test37(boolean b, MyValue1 vt1, MyValue1 vt2) {
+        if (vt1 == null) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        // vt1 should be scalarized because it's always non-null
+        Object obj = b ? vt1 : vt2; // We should not allocate vt2 here
+        test25_callee(vt1);
+        return ((MyValue1)obj).x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test37")
+    public void test37_verifier() {
+        int res = test37(true, testValue1, testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue1.x);
+        res = test37(false, testValue1, testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue1.x);
+    }
+
+    // Test that when explicitly null checking a value object receiver,
+    // we keep track of the information that the value object can never be null.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public int test38(boolean b, MyValue1 vt1, MyValue1 vt2) {
+        vt1.hash(); // Inlined - Explicit null check
+        // vt1 should be scalarized because it's always non-null
+        Object obj = b ? vt1 : vt2; // We should not allocate vt2 here
+        test25_callee(vt1);
+        return ((MyValue1)obj).x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test38")
+    public void test38_verifier() {
+        int res = test38(true, testValue1, testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue1.x);
+        res = test38(false, testValue1, testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue1.x);
+    }
+
+    // Test that when implicitly null checking a value object receiver,
+    // we keep track of the information that the value object can never be null.
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public int test39(boolean b, MyValue1 vt1, MyValue1 vt2) {
+        vt1.hashInterpreted(); // Not inlined - Implicit null check
+        // vt1 should be scalarized because it's always non-null
+        Object obj = b ? vt1 : vt2; // We should not allocate vt2 here
+        test25_callee(vt1);
+        return ((MyValue1)obj).x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test39")
+    public void test39_verifier() {
+        int res = test39(true, testValue1, testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue1.x);
+        res = test39(false, testValue1, testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, testValue1.x);
+    }
+
+    // Test NPE when casting constant null to a value class
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public MyValue1 test40() {
+        Object NULL = null;
+        MyValue1 val = (MyValue1)NULL;
+        return Objects.requireNonNull(val);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test40")
+    public void test40_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test40();
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    MyValue1 refField;
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue1 flatField;
+
+    // Test scalarization of .ref
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public int test41(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b) {
+            val = refField;
+        }
+        return val.x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test41")
+    public void test41_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        refField = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test41(true), refField.x);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test41(false), testValue1.x);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            refField = null;
+            try {
+                Asserts.assertEquals(test41(false), testValue1.x);
+                test41(true);
+                throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test41 but with call to hash()
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test42(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b) {
+            val = refField;
+        }
+        return val.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test42")
+    public void test42_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        refField = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test42(true), refField.hash());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test42(false), testValue1.hash());
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            refField = null;
+            try {
+                Asserts.assertEquals(test42(false), testValue1.hash());
+                test42(true);
+                throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1 test43(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b) {
+            val = refField;
+        }
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test43")
+    public void test43_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        refField = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(refField, test43(true));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, test43(false));
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            refField = null;
+            Asserts.assertEquals(null, test43(true));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test scalarization when .ref is referenced in safepoint debug info
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public int test44(boolean b1, boolean b2, Method m) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b1) {
+            val = refField;
+        }
+        if (b2) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return val.x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test44")
+    public void test44_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        refField = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test44(true, false, info.getTest()), refField.x);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test44(false, false, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            refField = null;
+            try {
+                Asserts.assertEquals(test44(false, false, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+                test44(true, false, info.getTest());
+                throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+            refField = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test44(true, true, info.getTest()), refField.x);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test44(false, true, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1 test45(boolean b1, boolean b2, Method m) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b1) {
+            val = refField;
+        }
+        if (b2) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test45")
+    public void test45_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        refField = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(refField, test45(true, false, info.getTest()));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, test45(false, false, info.getTest()));
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            refField = null;
+            Asserts.assertEquals(null, test45(true, false, info.getTest()));
+            refField = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(refField, test45(true, true, info.getTest()));
+            Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, test45(false, true, info.getTest()));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public int test46(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 val = null;
+        if (b) {
+            val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        return val.x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test46")
+    public void test46_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test46(true), testValue1.x);
+        try {
+            test46(false);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1 test47(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 val = null;
+        if (b) {
+            val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test47")
+    public void test47_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, test47(true));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(null, test47(false));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public int test48(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b) {
+            val = null;
+        }
+        return val.x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test48")
+    public void test48_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test48(false), testValue1.x);
+        try {
+            test48(true);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1 test49(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b) {
+            val = null;
+        }
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test49")
+    public void test49_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, test49(false));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(null, test49(true));
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test50_helper() {
+        return flatField;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public void test50(boolean b) {
+        Object o = null;
+        if (b) {
+            o = testValue1;
+        } else {
+            o = test50_helper();
+        }
+        flatField = (MyValue1)o;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test50")
+    public void test50_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        flatField = vt;
+        test50(false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(vt, flatField);
+        test50(true);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, flatField);
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue1Wrapper {
+        MyValue1 vt;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public MyValue1Wrapper(MyValue1 vt) {
+            this.vt = vt;
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public long hash() {
+            return (vt != null) ? vt.hash() : 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue1Wrapper wrapperField;
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test51(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1Wrapper val = new MyValue1Wrapper(null);
+        if (b) {
+            val = wrapperField;
+        }
+        return val.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test51")
+    public void test51_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test51(true), wrapperField.hash());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test51(false), (new MyValue1Wrapper(null)).hash());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public boolean test52(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createDefaultInline();
+        if (b) {
+            val = null;
+        }
+        MyValue1Wrapper w = new MyValue1Wrapper(val);
+        return w.vt == null;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test52")
+    public void test52_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test52(true));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test52(false));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public boolean test53(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b) {
+            val = null;
+        }
+        MyValue1Wrapper w = new MyValue1Wrapper(val);
+        return w.vt == null;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test53")
+    public void test53_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test53(true));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test53(false));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test54(boolean b1, boolean b2) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b1) {
+            val = null;
+        }
+        MyValue1Wrapper w = new MyValue1Wrapper(null);
+        if (b2) {
+            w = new MyValue1Wrapper(val);
+        }
+        return w.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test54")
+    public void test54_verifier() {
+        MyValue1Wrapper w = new MyValue1Wrapper(MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test54(false, false), (new MyValue1Wrapper(null)).hash());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test54(false, true), w.hash());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test54(true, false), (new MyValue1Wrapper(null)).hash());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test54(true, true), 0L);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public int test55(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1Wrapper w = new MyValue1Wrapper(val);
+        if (b) {
+            w = new MyValue1Wrapper(refField);
+        }
+        return w.vt.x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test55")
+    public void test55_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        refField = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test55(true), refField.x);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test55(false), testValue1.x);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            refField = null;
+            try {
+                Asserts.assertEquals(test55(false), testValue1.x);
+                test55(true);
+                throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test56(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1Wrapper w = new MyValue1Wrapper(val);
+        if (b) {
+            w = new MyValue1Wrapper(refField);
+        }
+        return w.vt.hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test56")
+    public void test56_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        refField = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test56(true), refField.hash());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test56(false), testValue1.hash());
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            refField = null;
+            try {
+                Asserts.assertEquals(test56(false), testValue1.hash());
+                test56(true);
+                throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1 test57(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1Wrapper w = new MyValue1Wrapper(val);
+        if (b) {
+            w = new MyValue1Wrapper(refField);
+        }
+        return w.vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test57")
+    public void test57_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        refField = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(refField, test57(true));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, test57(false));
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            refField = null;
+            Asserts.assertEquals(null, test57(true));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test scalarization when .ref is referenced in safepoint debug info
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public int test58(boolean b1, boolean b2, Method m) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1Wrapper w = new MyValue1Wrapper(val);
+        if (b1) {
+            w = new MyValue1Wrapper(refField);
+        }
+        if (b2) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return w.vt.x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test58")
+    public void test58_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        refField = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test58(true, false, info.getTest()), refField.x);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test58(false, false, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            refField = null;
+            try {
+                Asserts.assertEquals(test58(false, false, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+                test58(true, false, info.getTest());
+                throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+            refField = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test58(true, true, info.getTest()), refField.x);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test58(false, true, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1 test59(boolean b1, boolean b2, Method m) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1Wrapper w = new MyValue1Wrapper(val);
+        if (b1) {
+            w = new MyValue1Wrapper(refField);
+        }
+        if (b2) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return w.vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test59")
+    public void test59_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        refField = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(refField, test59(true, false, info.getTest()));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, test59(false, false, info.getTest()));
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            refField = null;
+            Asserts.assertEquals(null, test59(true, false, info.getTest()));
+            refField = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(refField, test59(true, true, info.getTest()));
+            Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, test59(false, true, info.getTest()));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public int test60(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1Wrapper w = new MyValue1Wrapper(null);
+        if (b) {
+            MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+            w = new MyValue1Wrapper(val);
+        }
+        return w.vt.x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test60")
+    public void test60_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test60(true), testValue1.x);
+        try {
+            test60(false);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1 test61(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1Wrapper w = new MyValue1Wrapper(null);
+        if (b) {
+            MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+            w = new MyValue1Wrapper(val);
+        }
+        return w.vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test61")
+    public void test61_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, test61(true));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(null, test61(false));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public int test62(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1Wrapper w = new MyValue1Wrapper(val);
+        if (b) {
+            w = new MyValue1Wrapper(null);
+        }
+        return w.vt.x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test62")
+    public void test62_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test62(false), testValue1.x);
+        try {
+            test62(true);
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1 test63(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1Wrapper w = new MyValue1Wrapper(val);
+        if (b) {
+            w = new MyValue1Wrapper(null);
+        }
+        return w.vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test63")
+    public void test63_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, test63(false));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(null, test63(true));
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValue1 test64_helper() {
+        return flatField;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public void test64(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1Wrapper w = new MyValue1Wrapper(null);
+        if (b) {
+            w = new MyValue1Wrapper(testValue1);
+        } else {
+            w = new MyValue1Wrapper(test64_helper());
+        }
+        flatField = w.vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test64")
+    public void test64_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        flatField = vt;
+        test64(false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(vt, flatField);
+        test64(true);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testValue1, flatField);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    public long test65(boolean b) {
+        MyValue1 val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b) {
+            val = null;
+        }
+        if (val != null) {
+            return val.hashPrimitive();
+        }
+        return 42;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test65")
+    public void test65_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test65(true), 42L);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test65(false), MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL).hashPrimitive());
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test66_helper(Object arg) {
+        return arg;
+    }
+
+    // Test that .ref arg does not block scalarization
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public int test66(boolean b1, boolean b2, MyValue1 arg, Method m) {
+        Object val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b1) {
+            val = test66_helper(arg);
+        }
+        if (b2) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return ((MyValue1)val).x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test66")
+    public void test66_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue1 arg = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test66(true, false, arg, info.getTest()), arg.x);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test66(false, false, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            try {
+                Asserts.assertEquals(test66(false, false, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+                test66(true, false, null, info.getTest());
+                throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test66(true, true, arg, info.getTest()), arg.x);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test66(false, true, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyValue1 test67_helper1() {
+        return refField;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test67_helper2() {
+        return test67_helper1();
+    }
+
+    // Test that .ref return does not block scalarization
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test67(boolean b1, boolean b2, Method m) {
+        Object val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b1) {
+            val = test67_helper2();
+        }
+        if (b2) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return ((MyValue1)val).hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test67")
+    public void test67_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        refField = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test67(true, false, info.getTest()), refField.hash());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test67(false, false, info.getTest()), testValue1.hash());
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            refField = null;
+            try {
+                Asserts.assertEquals(test67(false, false, info.getTest()), testValue1.hash());
+                test67(true, false, info.getTest());
+                throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+            refField = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test67(true, true, info.getTest()), refField.hash());
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test67(false, true, info.getTest()), testValue1.hash());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test68_helper(Object arg) {
+        MyValue1 tmp = (MyValue1)arg; // Result of cast is unused
+        return arg;
+    }
+
+    // Test that scalarization enabled by cast is applied to parsing map
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public int test68(boolean b1, boolean b2, Object arg, Method m) {
+        Object val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b1) {
+            val = test68_helper(arg);
+        }
+        if (b2) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return ((MyValue1)val).x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test68")
+    public void test68_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue1 arg = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test68(true, false, arg, info.getTest()), arg.x);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test68(false, false, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            try {
+                Asserts.assertEquals(test68(false, false, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+                test68(true, false, null, info.getTest());
+                throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test68(true, true, arg, info.getTest()), arg.x);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test68(false, true, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test69_helper(Object arg) {
+        MyValue1 tmp = (MyValue1)arg; // Result of cast is unused
+        return arg;
+    }
+
+    // Same as test68 but with ClassCastException
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public int test69(boolean b1, boolean b2, Object arg, Method m) {
+        Object val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b1) {
+            val = test69_helper(arg);
+        }
+        if (b2) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return ((MyValue1)val).x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test69")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure precise profile information is available
+    public void test69_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue1 arg = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test69(true, false, arg, info.getTest()), arg.x);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test69(false, false, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+        try {
+            test69(true, false, 42, info.getTest());
+            throw new RuntimeException("ClassCastException expected");
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            try {
+                Asserts.assertEquals(test69(false, false, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+                test69(true, false, null, info.getTest());
+                throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test69(true, true, arg, info.getTest()), arg.x);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test69(false, true, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test70_helper(Object arg) {
+        MyValue1 tmp = (MyValue1)arg; // Result of cast is unused
+        return arg;
+    }
+
+    // Same as test68 but with ClassCastException and frequent NullPointerException
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public int test70(boolean b1, boolean b2, Object arg, Method m) {
+        Object val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b1) {
+            val = test70_helper(arg);
+        }
+        if (b2) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return ((MyValue1)val).x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test70")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure precise profile information is available
+    public void test70_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue1 arg = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test70(true, false, arg, info.getTest()), arg.x);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test70(false, false, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+        try {
+            test70(true, false, 42, info.getTest());
+            throw new RuntimeException("ClassCastException expected");
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test70(false, false, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+            test70(true, false, null, info.getTest());
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test70(true, true, arg, info.getTest()), arg.x);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test70(false, true, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test71_helper(Object arg) {
+        MyValue1 tmp = (MyValue1)arg; // Result of cast is unused
+        return arg;
+    }
+
+    // Same as test68 but with .ref cast
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public int test71(boolean b1, boolean b2, Object arg, Method m) {
+        Object val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b1) {
+            val = test71_helper(arg);
+        }
+        if (b2) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return ((MyValue1)val).x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test71")
+    public void test71_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue1 arg = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test71(true, false, arg, info.getTest()), arg.x);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test71(false, false, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            try {
+                Asserts.assertEquals(test71(false, false, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+                test71(true, false, null, info.getTest());
+                throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test71(true, true, arg, info.getTest()), arg.x);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test71(false, true, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test72_helper(Object arg) {
+        MyValue1 tmp = (MyValue1)arg; // Result of cast is unused
+        return arg;
+    }
+
+    // Same as test71 but with ClassCastException and hash() call
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test72(boolean b1, boolean b2, Object arg, Method m) {
+        Object val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b1) {
+            val = test72_helper(arg);
+        }
+        if (b2) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return ((MyValue1)val).hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test72")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure precise profile information is available
+    public void test72_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue1 arg = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test72(true, false, arg, info.getTest()), arg.hash());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test72(false, false, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.hash());
+        try {
+            test72(true, false, 42, info.getTest());
+            throw new RuntimeException("ClassCastException expected");
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            try {
+                Asserts.assertEquals(test72(false, false, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.hash());
+                test72(true, false, null, info.getTest());
+                throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test72(true, true, arg, info.getTest()), arg.hash());
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test72(false, true, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.hash());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test73_helper(Object arg) {
+        MyValue1 tmp = (MyValue1)arg; // Result of cast is unused
+        return arg;
+    }
+
+    // Same as test71 but with ClassCastException and frequent NullPointerException
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public int test73(boolean b1, boolean b2, Object arg, Method m) {
+        Object val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b1) {
+            val = test73_helper(arg);
+        }
+        if (b2) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return ((MyValue1)val).x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test73")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure precise profile information is available
+    public void test73_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue1 arg = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test73(true, false, arg, info.getTest()), arg.x);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test73(false, false, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+        try {
+            test73(true, false, 42, info.getTest());
+            throw new RuntimeException("ClassCastException expected");
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test73(false, false, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+            test73(true, false, null, info.getTest());
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test73(true, true, arg, info.getTest()), arg.x);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test73(false, true, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.x);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test74_helper(Object arg) {
+        return (MyValue1)arg;
+    }
+
+    // Same as test73 but result of cast is used and hash() is called
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test74(boolean b1, boolean b2, Object arg, Method m) {
+        Object val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b1) {
+            val = test74_helper(arg);
+        }
+        if (b2) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return ((MyValue1)val).hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test74")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Make sure precise profile information is available
+    public void test74_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue1 arg = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test74(true, false, arg, info.getTest()), arg.hash());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test74(false, false, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.hash());
+        try {
+            test74(true, false, 42, info.getTest());
+            throw new RuntimeException("ClassCastException expected");
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test74(false, false, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.hash());
+            test74(true, false, null, info.getTest());
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test74(true, true, arg, info.getTest()), arg.hash());
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test74(false, true, arg, info.getTest()), testValue1.hash());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test new merge path being added for exceptional control flow
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public MyValue1 test75(MyValue1 vt, Object obj) {
+        try {
+            vt = (MyValue1)obj;
+            throw new RuntimeException("ClassCastException expected");
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test75")
+    public void test75_verifier() {
+        MyValue1 vt = testValue1;
+        MyValue1 result = test75(vt, Integer.valueOf(rI));
+        Asserts.assertEquals(vt, result);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test76_helper() {
+        return constNullRefField;
+    }
+
+    // Test that constant null field does not block scalarization
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test76(boolean b1, boolean b2, Method m) {
+        Object val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b1) {
+            val = test76_helper();
+        }
+        if (b2) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        val = Objects.requireNonNull(val);
+        return ((MyValue1)val).hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test76")
+    public void test76_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test76(false, false, info.getTest()), testValue1.hash());
+        try {
+            test76(true, false, info.getTest());
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test76(false, true, info.getTest()), testValue1.hash());
+            try {
+                test76(true, true, info.getTest());
+                throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final Object constObjectValField = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI+1, rL+1);
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test77_helper() {
+        return constObjectValField;
+    }
+
+    // Test that constant object field with value class content does not block scalarization
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test77(boolean b1, boolean b2, Method m) {
+        Object val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b1) {
+            val = test77_helper();
+        }
+        if (b2) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return ((MyValue1)val).hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test77")
+    public void test77_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test77(true, false, info.getTest()), ((MyValue1)constObjectValField).hash());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test77(false, false, info.getTest()), testValue1.hash());
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+          Asserts.assertEquals(test77(true, false, info.getTest()), ((MyValue1)constObjectValField).hash());
+          Asserts.assertEquals(test77(false, false, info.getTest()), testValue1.hash());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test78_helper() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    // Test that constant null does not block scalarization
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test78(boolean b1, boolean b2, Method m) {
+        Object val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b1) {
+            val = test78_helper();
+        }
+        if (b2) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        val = Objects.requireNonNull(val);
+        return ((MyValue1)val).hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test78")
+    public void test78_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test78(false, false, info.getTest()), testValue1.hash());
+        try {
+            test78(true, false, info.getTest());
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test78(false, true, info.getTest()), testValue1.hash());
+            try {
+                test78(true, true, info.getTest());
+                throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test79_helper() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    // Same as test78 but will trigger different order of PhiNode inputs
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test79(boolean b1, boolean b2, Method m) {
+        Object val = test79_helper();
+        if (b1) {
+            val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        if (b2) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        val = Objects.requireNonNull(val);
+        return ((MyValue1)val).hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test79")
+    public void test79_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test79(true, false, info.getTest()), testValue1.hash());
+        try {
+            test79(false, false, info.getTest());
+            throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test79(true, true, info.getTest()), testValue1.hash());
+            try {
+                test79(false, true, info.getTest());
+                throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // Expected
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test80_helper(Object obj, int i) {
+        if ((i % 2) == 0) {
+            return MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(i, i);
+        }
+        return obj;
+    }
+
+    // Test that phi nodes referencing themselves (loops) do not block scalarization
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test80() {
+        Object val = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
+            val = test80_helper(val, i);
+        }
+        return ((MyValue1)val).hash();
+    }
+
+    private long test80Result = 0;
+
+    @Run(test = "test80")
+    public void test80_verifier() {
+        if (test80Result == 0) {
+            test80Result = test80();
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test80(), test80Result);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test81_helper(Object obj, int i) {
+        if ((i % 2) == 0) {
+            return MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(i, i);
+        }
+        return obj;
+    }
+
+    // Test nested loops
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test81() {
+        Object val = null;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < 10; ++j) {
+                for (int k = 0; k < 10; ++k) {
+                    val = test81_helper(val, i + j + k);
+                }
+                val = test81_helper(val, i + j);
+            }
+            val = test81_helper(val, i);
+        }
+        return ((MyValue1)val).hash();
+    }
+
+    private long test81Result = 0;
+
+    @Run(test = "test81")
+    public void test81_verifier() {
+        if (test81Result == 0) {
+            test81Result = test81();
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test81(), test81Result);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test82_helper(Object obj, int i) {
+        if ((i % 2) == 0) {
+            return MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(i, i);
+        }
+        return obj;
+    }
+
+    // Test loops with casts
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test82() {
+        Object val = null;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < 10; ++j) {
+                for (int k = 0; k < 10; ++k) {
+                    val = test82_helper(val, i + j + k);
+                }
+                if (val != null) {
+                    val = test82_helper(val, i + j);
+                }
+            }
+            val = test82_helper(val, i);
+        }
+        return ((MyValue1)val).hash();
+    }
+
+    private long test82Result = 0;
+
+    @Run(test = "test82")
+    public void test82_verifier() {
+        if (test82Result == 0) {
+            test82Result = test81();
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test82(), test82Result);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test83_helper(boolean b) {
+        if (b) {
+            return MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    // Test that CastPP does not block scalarization in safepoints
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test83(boolean b, Method m) {
+        Object val = test83_helper(b);
+        if (val != null) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+            return ((MyValue1)val).hash();
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test83")
+    public void test83_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test83(false, info.getTest()), 0L);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test83(true, info.getTest()), testValue1.hash());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test84_helper(Object obj, int i) {
+        if ((i % 2) == 0) {
+            return new MyValue1Wrapper(MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(i, i));
+        }
+        return obj;
+    }
+
+    // Same as test80 but with wrapper
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test84() {
+        Object val = new MyValue1Wrapper(MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL));
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
+            val = test84_helper(val, i);
+        }
+        return ((MyValue1Wrapper)val).vt.hash();
+    }
+
+    private long test84Result = 0;
+
+    @Run(test = "test84")
+    public void test84_verifier() {
+        if (test84Result == 0) {
+            test84Result = test84();
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test84(), test84Result);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object test85_helper(Object obj, int i) {
+        if ((i % 2) == 0) {
+            return new MyValue1Wrapper(MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(i, i));
+        }
+        return obj;
+    }
+
+    // Same as test81 but with wrapper
+    @Test
+    // TODO 8384979
+    // @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test85() {
+        Object val = new MyValue1Wrapper(null);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < 10; ++j) {
+                for (int k = 0; k < 10; ++k) {
+                    val = test85_helper(val, i + j + k);
+                }
+                val = test85_helper(val, i + j);
+            }
+            val = test85_helper(val, i);
+        }
+        MyValue1 vt = ((MyValue1Wrapper)val).vt;
+        vt = Objects.requireNonNull(vt);
+        return vt.hash();
+    }
+
+    private long test85Result = 0;
+
+    @Run(test = "test85")
+    public void test85_verifier() {
+        if (test85Result == 0) {
+            test85Result = test85();
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test85(), test85Result);
+    }
+
+    static final class ObjectWrapper {
+        public Object obj;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public ObjectWrapper(Object obj) {
+            this.obj = obj;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test scalarization with phi referencing itself
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS},
+        counts = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, " = 4"}) // 4 loads from the non-flattened MyValue1.v4 fields
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test86(MyValue1 vt) {
+        ObjectWrapper val = new ObjectWrapper(vt);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < 10; ++j) {
+                val.obj = val.obj;
+            }
+        }
+        return ((MyValue1)val.obj).hash();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test86")
+    public void test86_verifier() {
+        test86(testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test86(testValue1), testValue1.hash());
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class Test87C0 {
+        int x = 0;
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class Test87C1 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Test87C0 field = new Test87C0();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class Test87C2 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Test87C1 field = new Test87C1();
+    }
+
+    // Test merging field loads in return
+    @Test
+    public Test87C1 test87(boolean b, Test87C2 v1, Test87C2 v2) {
+        if (b) {
+            return v1.field;
+        } else {
+            return v2.field;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test87")
+    public void test87_verifier() {
+        Test87C2 v = new Test87C2();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test87(true, v, v), v.field);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test87(false, v, v), v.field);
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test88Value {
+        int x = 0;
+    }
+
+    static class Test88MyClass {
+        int x = 0;
+        int y = rI;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    Object test88Helper() {
+        return new Test88Value();
+    }
+
+    // Test LoadNode::Identity optimization with always failing checkcast
+    @Test
+    public int test88() {
+        Object obj = test88Helper();
+        return ((Test88MyClass)obj).y;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test88")
+    public void test88_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test88();
+            throw new RuntimeException("No ClassCastException thrown");
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test88 but with Phi
+    @Test
+    public int test89(boolean b) {
+        Test88MyClass obj = b ? (Test88MyClass)test88Helper() : (Test88MyClass)test88Helper();
+        return obj.y;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test89")
+    public void test89_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test89(false);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No ClassCastException thrown");
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            test89(true);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No ClassCastException thrown");
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public boolean test90_inline(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return vt == null;
+    }
+
+    // Test scalarization with speculative NULL type
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS})
+    public boolean test90(Method m) throws Exception {
+        Object arg = null;
+        return (boolean)m.invoke(this, arg);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test90")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test90_verifier() throws Exception {
+        Method m = getClass().getMethod("test90_inline", MyValue1.class);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test90(m));
+    }
+
+    // Test that scalarization does not introduce redundant/unused checks
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, CMP_N, CMP_P})
+    public Object test91(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test91")
+    public void test91_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test91(testValue1), testValue1);
+    }
+
+    MyValue1 test92Field = testValue1;
+
+    // Same as test91 but with field access
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, CMP_N, CMP_P})
+    public Object test92() {
+        return test92Field;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test92")
+    public void test92_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test92(), testValue1);
+    }
+
+    private static final MethodHandle refCheckCast = InstructionHelper.buildMethodHandle(MethodHandles.lookup(),
+        "refCheckCast",
+        MethodType.methodType(MyValue2.class, TestNullableInlineTypes.class, MyValue1.class),
+        CODE -> {
+            CODE.
+            aload(1).
+            checkcast(MyValue2.class.describeConstable().orElseThrow()).
+            areturn();
+        });
+
+    // Test checkcast that only passes with null
+    @Test
+    public Object test93(MyValue1 vt) throws Throwable {
+        return refCheckCast.invoke(this, vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test93")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test93_verifier() throws Throwable {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test93(null), null);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyValue1 test94_helper1(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValue1 test94_helper2(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return test94_helper1(vt);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValue1 test94_helper3(Object vt) {
+        return test94_helper2((MyValue1)vt);
+    }
+
+    // Test that calling convention optimization prevents buffering of arguments
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
+        counts = {ALLOC, " <= 2"}) // 1 MyValue2 allocation + 1 Integer allocation (if not the all-zero value)
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false"},
+        counts = {ALLOC, " <= 3"}) // 1 MyValue1 allocation + 1 MyValue2 allocation + 1 Integer allocation (if not the all-zero value)
+    public MyValue1 test94(MyValue1 vt) {
+        MyValue1 res = test94_helper1(vt);
+        vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        test94_helper1(vt);
+        test94_helper2(vt);
+        test94_helper3(vt);
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test94")
+    public void test94_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test94(testValue1), testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test94(null), null);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public static MyValue1 test95_helper1(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public static MyValue1 test95_helper2(MyValue1 vt) {
+        return test95_helper1(vt);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public static MyValue1 test95_helper3(Object vt) {
+        return test95_helper2((MyValue1)vt);
+    }
+
+    // Same as test94 but with static methods to trigger simple adapter logic
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
+        counts = {ALLOC, " <= 2"}) // 1 MyValue2 allocation + 1 Integer allocation (if not the all-zero value)
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false"},
+        counts = {ALLOC, " <= 3"}) // 1 MyValue1 allocation + 1 MyValue2 allocation + 1 Integer allocation (if not the all-zero value)
+    public static MyValue1 test95(MyValue1 vt) {
+        MyValue1 res = test95_helper1(vt);
+        vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        test95_helper1(vt);
+        test95_helper2(vt);
+        test95_helper3(vt);
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test95")
+    public void test95_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test95(testValue1), testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test95(null), null);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyValue2 test96_helper1(boolean b) {
+        return b ? null : MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValue2 test96_helper2() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValue2 test96_helper3(boolean b) {
+        return b ? null : MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+    }
+
+    // Test that calling convention optimization prevents buffering of return values
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "false"},
+        counts = {ALLOC, " <= 1"}) // No allocation required if the MyValue2 return is the all-zero value
+    public MyValue2 test96(int c, boolean b) {
+        MyValue2 res = null;
+        if (c == 1) {
+            res = test96_helper1(b);
+        } else if (c == 2) {
+            res = test96_helper2();
+        } else if (c == 3) {
+            res = test96_helper3(b);
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test96")
+    public void test96_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(null, test96(0, false));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD), test96(1, false));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(null, test96(1, true));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(null, test96(2, false));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(MyValue2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD), test96(3, false));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(null, test96(3, true));
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyValue3 test97_helper1(boolean b) {
+        return b ? null : test97_res1;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValue3 test97_helper2() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValue3 test97_helper3(boolean b) {
+        return b ? null : test97_res3;
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    final MyValue3 test97_res1;
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    final MyValue3 test97_res3;
+
+    // Same as test96 but with MyValue3 return
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+        failOn = {ALLOC})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "false"},
+        counts = {ALLOC, " <= 1"}) // No allocation required if the MyValue3 return is the all-zero value
+    public MyValue3 test97(int c, boolean b) {
+        MyValue3 res = null;
+        if (c == 1) {
+            res = test97_helper1(b);
+        } else if (c == 2) {
+            res = test97_helper2();
+        } else if (c == 3) {
+            res = test97_helper3(b);
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test97")
+    public void test97_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test97(0, false), null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test97(1, false), test97_res1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test97(1, true), null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test97(2, false), null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test97(3, false), test97_res3);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test97(3, true), null);
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class CircularValue1 {
+        CircularValue1 val;
+        int x;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public CircularValue1(CircularValue1 val) {
+            this.val = val;
+            this.x = rI;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test scalarization of value class with circularity in fields
+    @Test
+    public CircularValue1 test98(CircularValue1 val) {
+        return new CircularValue1(val);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test98")
+    public void test98_verifier()  {
+        CircularValue1 val = new CircularValue1(null);
+        CircularValue1 res = test98(val);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res.x, rI);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res.val, val);
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class CircularValue2 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        CircularValue1 val;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public CircularValue2(CircularValue1 val) {
+            this.val = val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test98 but with circularity in class of flattened field
+    @Test
+    public CircularValue2 test99(CircularValue2 val) {
+        return new CircularValue2(val.val);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test99")
+    public void test99_verifier()  {
+        CircularValue1 val1 = new CircularValue1(null);
+        CircularValue2 val2 = new CircularValue2(val1);
+        CircularValue2 res = test99(val2);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res.val, val1);
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class CircularValue3 {
+        CircularValue4 val;
+        int x;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public CircularValue3(CircularValue4 val, int x) {
+            this.val = val;
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class CircularValue4 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        CircularValue3 val;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public CircularValue4(CircularValue3 val) {
+            this.val = val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test94 but with "indirect" circularity through field of flattened field
+    @Test
+    public CircularValue4 test100(CircularValue4 val) {
+        return new CircularValue4(new CircularValue3(val, rI));
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test100")
+    public void test100_verifier()  {
+        CircularValue3 val3 = new CircularValue3(null, 42);
+        CircularValue4 val4 = new CircularValue4(val3);
+        CircularValue4 res = test100(val4);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res.val, new CircularValue3(val4, rI));
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class CircularValue5 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        CircularValue6 val;
+        int x;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public CircularValue5(CircularValue6 val, int x) {
+            this.val = val;
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class CircularValue6 {
+        CircularValue5 val;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public CircularValue6(CircularValue5 val) {
+            this.val = val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test100 but with different combination of field types
+    @Test
+    public CircularValue6 test101(CircularValue6 val) {
+        return new CircularValue6(new CircularValue5(val, rI));
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test101")
+    public void test101_verifier()  {
+        CircularValue5 val5 = new CircularValue5(new CircularValue6(null), 42);
+        CircularValue6 val6 = new CircularValue6(val5);
+        CircularValue6 res = test101(val6);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res.val, new CircularValue5(val6, rI));
+    }
+
+    // Test merging of fields with different scalarization depth
+    @Test
+    public CircularValue1 test102(boolean b) {
+        CircularValue1 val = new CircularValue1(new CircularValue1(null));
+        if (b) {
+            val = null;
+        }
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test102")
+    public void test102_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test102(false), new CircularValue1(new CircularValue1(null)));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test102(true), null);
+    }
+
+    // Might be incrementally inlined
+    public static Object hide(Object obj) {
+        return (MyValue1)obj;
+    }
+
+    // Test that the ConstraintCastNode::Ideal transformation propagates null-free information
+    /* TODO 8389088: Re-enable once fixed.
+    @Test
+    public MyValue1 test103() {
+        Object obj = hide(null);
+        return (MyValue1)obj;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test103")
+    public void test103_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test103(), null);
+    }
+    */
+
+    // Test null restricted fields
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue104 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        static MyValue105 field1 = new MyValue105();
+
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue105 field2;
+
+        @NullRestricted
+        static MyValueEmpty field3 = new MyValueEmpty();
+
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValueEmpty field4;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public MyValue104() {
+            MyValue104.field1 = new MyValue105();
+            this.field2 = new MyValue105();
+            MyValue104.field3 = new MyValueEmpty();
+            this.field4 = new MyValueEmpty();
+        }
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public MyValue104(MyValue105 val1, MyValue105 val2, MyValueEmpty val3, MyValueEmpty val4) {
+            MyValue104.field1 = val1;
+            this.field2 = val2;
+            MyValue104.field3 = val3;
+            this.field4 = val4;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue105 {
+        int x = 42;
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    static MyValue104 field1 = new MyValue104();
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue104 field2;
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    static MyValueEmpty field3 = new MyValueEmpty();
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValueEmpty field4;
+
+    @Test
+    void test105(MyValue104 arg) {
+        field1 = arg;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test105")
+    public void test105_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test105(null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void test106() {
+        field1 = null;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test106")
+    public void test106_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test106();
+            throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void test107(MyValue104 arg) {
+        field2 = arg;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test107")
+    public void test107_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test107(null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void test108(TestNullableInlineTypes t, MyValue104 arg) {
+        t.field2 = arg;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test108")
+    public void test108_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test108(null, new MyValue104());
+            throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void test109() {
+        TestNullableInlineTypes t = null;
+        t.field2 = null;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test109")
+    void test109_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test109();
+            throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void test110() {
+        field2 = null;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test110")
+    public void test110_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test110();
+            throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void test111(MyValueEmpty arg) {
+        field3 = arg;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test111")
+    public void test111_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test111(null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void test112() {
+        field3 = null;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test112")
+    public void test112_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test112();
+            throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void test113(MyValueEmpty arg) {
+        field4 = arg;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test113")
+    public void test113_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test113(null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void test114(TestNullableInlineTypes t, MyValueEmpty arg) {
+        t.field4 = arg;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test114")
+    public void test114_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test114(null, new MyValueEmpty());
+            throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void test115(MyValueEmpty arg) {
+        TestNullableInlineTypes t = null;
+        t.field4 = arg;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test115")
+    public void test115_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test115(new MyValueEmpty());
+            throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void test116() {
+        field4 = null;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test116")
+    public void test116_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test116();
+            throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    MyValue104 test117(MyValue105 val1, MyValue105 val2, MyValueEmpty val3, MyValueEmpty val4) {
+        return new MyValue104(val1, val2, val3, val4);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test117")
+    public void test117_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test117(null, new MyValue105(), new MyValueEmpty(), new MyValueEmpty());
+            throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    MyValue104 test118(MyValue105 val1, MyValue105 val2, MyValueEmpty val3, MyValueEmpty val4) {
+        return new MyValue104(val1, val2, val3, val4);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test118")
+    public void test118_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test118(new MyValue105(), null, new MyValueEmpty(), new MyValueEmpty());
+            throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    MyValue104 test119(MyValue105 val1, MyValue105 val2, MyValueEmpty val3, MyValueEmpty val4) {
+        return new MyValue104(val1, val2, val3, val4);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test119")
+    public void test119_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test119(new MyValue105(), new MyValue105(), null, new MyValueEmpty());
+            throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    MyValue104 test120(MyValue105 val1, MyValue105 val2, MyValueEmpty val3, MyValueEmpty val4) {
+        return new MyValue104(val1, val2, val3, val4);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test120")
+    public void test120_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test120(new MyValue105(), new MyValue105(), new MyValueEmpty(), null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    MyValue104 test121(MyValue105 val2, MyValueEmpty val3, MyValueEmpty val4) {
+        return new MyValue104(null, val2, val3, val4);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test121")
+    public void test121_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test121(new MyValue105(), new MyValueEmpty(), new MyValueEmpty());
+            throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    MyValue104 test122(MyValue105 val1, MyValueEmpty val3, MyValueEmpty val4) {
+        return new MyValue104(val1, null, val3, val4);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test122")
+    public void test122_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test122(new MyValue105(), new MyValueEmpty(), new MyValueEmpty());
+            throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    MyValue104 test123(MyValue105 val1, MyValue105 val2, MyValueEmpty val4) {
+        return new MyValue104(val1, val2, null, val4);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test123")
+    public void test123_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test123(new MyValue105(), new MyValue105(), new MyValueEmpty());
+            throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    MyValue104 test124(MyValue105 val1, MyValue105 val2, MyValueEmpty val3) {
+        return new MyValue104(val1, val2, val3, null);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test124")
+    public void test124_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test124(new MyValue105(), new MyValue105(), new MyValueEmpty());
+            throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class CircularValue7 {
+        CircularValue7 v;
+        int i;
+
+        public CircularValue7(int i) {
+            this.v = new CircularValue7(); // When <init> is incrementally inlined: StoreN into object
+            dontInline(); // Not inlined -> safepoint which also saves StoreN.
+            this.i = i;
+        }
+
+        public CircularValue7(boolean ignored) {
+            this.v = new CircularValue7();
+            this.i = 23;
+        }
+
+        public CircularValue7() {
+            this.v = null;
+            this.i = 34;
+        }
+
+        @DontInline
+        static void dontInline() {}
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = ALLOC)
+    int testCircularSafepointUse() {
+        CircularValue7 v = new CircularValue7(true);  // v is non escaping -> EA can remove allocation
+        dontInline(); // Not inlined -> safepoint
+        return v.i; // Use v such that it is still required in the safepoint at dontInline()
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    void dontInline() {}
+
+    @Run(test = "testCircularSafepointUse")
+    public void testCircularSafepointUse_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testCircularSafepointUse(), new CircularValue7(true).i);
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = ALLOC)
+    int testCircularSafepointUse2(int i) {
+        // With AlwaysIncrementalInline:
+        // We allocate here because <init> is not inlined at parsing.
+        // At late inline: The store of v.v is done with a StoreN into the allocation to make the effect visible.
+        CircularValue7 v = new CircularValue7(i);
+        return v.i;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testCircularSafepointUse2")
+    public void testCircularSafepointUse2_verifier() {
+        int rand = rI;
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testCircularSafepointUse2(rand), new CircularValue7(rand).i);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestOnStackReplacement.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestOnStackReplacement.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e6b647b6dfb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestOnStackReplacement.java
@@ -0,0 +1,387 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.rI;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.rL;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test on stack replacement (OSR) with value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 0
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test on stack replacement (OSR) with value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 1
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test on stack replacement (OSR) with value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 2
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test on stack replacement (OSR) with value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver/timeout=240 ${test.main.class} 3
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test on stack replacement (OSR) with value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 4
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test on stack replacement (OSR) with value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 5
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test on stack replacement (OSR) with value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 6
+ */
+
+public class TestOnStackReplacement {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
+        Scenario[] scenarios = InlineTypes.DEFAULT_SCENARIOS;
+        scenarios[3].addFlags("-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:-UseArrayFlattening");
+
+        InlineTypes.getFramework()
+                   .addScenarios(scenarios[Integer.parseInt(args[0])])
+                   .addHelperClasses(MyValue1.class,
+                                     MyValue2.class,
+                                     MyValue2Inline.class,
+                                     MyValue3.class,
+                                     MyValue3Inline.class)
+                   .start();
+    }
+
+    // Helper methods
+
+    protected long hash() {
+        return hash(rI, rL);
+    }
+
+    protected long hash(int x, long y) {
+        return MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(x, y).hash();
+    }
+
+    // Test OSR compilation
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.WAIT_FOR_COMPILATION)
+    public long test1() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValue1[] va = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, Math.abs(rI) % 3, MyValue1.DEFAULT);
+        for (int i = 0; i < va.length; ++i) {
+            va[i] = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        }
+        long result = 0;
+        // Long loop to trigger OSR compilation
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; ++i) {
+            // Reference local value object in interpreter state
+            result = v.hash();
+            for (int j = 0; j < va.length; ++j) {
+                result += va[j].hash();
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test1")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test1_verifier() {
+        long result = test1();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, ((Math.abs(rI) % 3) + 1) * hash());
+    }
+
+    // Test loop peeling
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.WAIT_FOR_COMPILATION)
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public void test2() {
+        MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(0, 1);
+        // Trigger OSR compilation and loop peeling
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; ++i) {
+            if (v.x != i || v.y != i + 1) {
+                // Uncommon trap
+                throw new RuntimeException("test2 failed");
+            }
+            v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(i + 1, i + 2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test2")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test2_verifier() {
+        test2();
+    }
+
+    // Test loop peeling and unrolling
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.WAIT_FOR_COMPILATION)
+    public void test3() {
+        MyValue1 v1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(0, 0);
+        MyValue1 v2 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(1, 1);
+        // Trigger OSR compilation and loop peeling
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; ++i) {
+            if (v1.x != 2*i || v2.x != i+1 || v2.y != i+1) {
+                // Uncommon trap
+                throw new RuntimeException("test3 failed");
+            }
+            v1 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(2*(i+1), 0);
+            v2 = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(i+2, i+2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    //@Run(test = "test3")
+    //@Warmup(0)
+    public void test3_verifier() {
+        test3();
+    }
+
+    // OSR compilation with Object local
+    @DontCompile
+    public Object test4_init() {
+        return MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    public Object test4_body() {
+        return MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+    }
+
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.WAIT_FOR_COMPILATION)
+    public Object test4() {
+        Object vt = test4_init();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; i++) {
+            if (i % 2 == 1) {
+                vt = test4_body();
+            }
+        }
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test4")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test4_verifier() {
+        test4();
+    }
+
+    // OSR compilation with null value class local
+
+    MyValue1 nullField;
+
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.WAIT_FOR_COMPILATION)
+    public void test5() {
+        MyValue1 vt = nullField;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; i++) {
+            if (vt != null) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("test5 failed: vt should be null");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test5")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test5_verifier() {
+        test5();
+    }
+
+    // Test OSR in method with value class receiver
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    value class Test6Value {
+        public int f = 0;
+
+        public int test() {
+            int res = 0;
+            for (int i = 1; i < 20_000; ++i) {
+                res -= i;
+            }
+            return res;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.WAIT_FOR_COMPILATION)
+    public void test6() {
+        Test6Value tmp = new Test6Value();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
+            tmp.test();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test6")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test6_verifier() {
+        test6();
+    }
+
+    // Similar to test6 but with more fields and reserved stack entry
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test7Value1 {
+        public int i1 = rI;
+        public int i2 = rI;
+        public int i3 = rI;
+        public int i4 = rI;
+        public int i5 = rI;
+        public int i6 = rI;
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test7Value2 {
+        public int i1 = rI;
+        public int i2 = rI;
+        public int i3 = rI;
+        public int i4 = rI;
+        public int i5 = rI;
+        public int i6 = rI;
+        public int i7 = rI;
+        public int i8 = rI;
+        public int i9 = rI;
+        public int i10 = rI;
+        public int i11 = rI;
+        public int i12 = rI;
+        public int i13 = rI;
+        public int i14 = rI;
+        public int i15 = rI;
+        public int i16 = rI;
+        public int i17 = rI;
+        public int i18 = rI;
+        public int i19 = rI;
+        public int i20 = rI;
+        public int i21 = rI;
+
+        @NullRestricted
+        public Test7Value1 vt = new Test7Value1();
+
+        public int test(String[] args) {
+            int res = 0;
+            for (int i = 1; i < 20_000; ++i) {
+                res -= i;
+            }
+            return res;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test(compLevel = CompLevel.WAIT_FOR_COMPILATION)
+    public void test7() {
+        Test7Value2 tmp = new Test7Value2();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            tmp.test(null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test7")
+    @Warmup(0)
+    public void test7_verifier() {
+        test7();
+    }
+
+    // Test OSR with scalarized value class return
+    MyValue3 test8_vt;
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyValue3 test8_callee(int len) {
+        test8_vt = MyValue3.create();
+        int val = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            val = i;
+        }
+        test8_vt = test8_vt.setI(test8_vt, val);
+        return test8_vt;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public int test8(int start) {
+        MyValue3 vt = test8_callee(start);
+        test8_vt.verify(vt);
+        int result = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; ++i) {
+            result += i;
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test8")
+    @Warmup(2)
+    public void test8_verifier() {
+        test8(1);
+        test8(50_000);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestOopsInReturnConvention.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestOopsInReturnConvention.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..685ac396b40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestOopsInReturnConvention.java
@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=int
+ * @summary Test that oop fields in scalarized returns are properly handled.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xcomp"
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention::callee
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention*::verify
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention Interpreted
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=c1
+ * @summary Test that oop fields in scalarized returns are properly handled.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention::callee
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention*::verify
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention C1
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=c2
+ * @summary Test that oop fields in scalarized returns are properly handled.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xcomp"
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention::callee
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention*::verify
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention C2
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=int-stress-cc
+ * @summary Test that oop fields in scalarized returns are properly handled.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xcomp"
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                               -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+StressCallingConvention
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention::callee
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention*::verify
+ *                                compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention Interpreted
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=c1-stress-cc
+ * @summary Test that oop fields in scalarized returns are properly handled.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -Xbatch -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+StressCallingConvention
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention::callee
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention*::verify
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention C1
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=c2-stress-cc
+ * @summary Test that oop fields in scalarized returns are properly handled.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xcomp"
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+StressCallingConvention
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention::callee
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention*::verify
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention C2
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=int-no-preload
+ * @summary Test that oop fields in scalarized returns are properly handled.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xcomp"
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                               -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:-PreloadClasses
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention::callee
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention*::verify
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention Interpreted
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=c1-no-preload
+ * @summary Test that oop fields in scalarized returns are properly handled.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -Xbatch
+ *                               -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:-PreloadClasses
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention::callee
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention*::verify
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention C1
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=c2-no-preload
+ * @summary Test that oop fields in scalarized returns are properly handled.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xcomp"
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                               -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:-PreloadClasses
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention::callee
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention*::verify
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOopsInReturnConvention C2
+ */
+
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+public class TestOopsInReturnConvention {
+    static final WhiteBox WHITE_BOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+    static final int COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION = 4; // C2
+
+    // Large value class with oops
+    static value class LargeValueWithOops {
+        Object x1;
+        Object x2;
+        Object x3;
+        Object x4;
+        Object x5;
+
+        public LargeValueWithOops(Object obj) {
+            this.x1 = obj;
+            this.x2 = obj;
+            this.x3 = obj;
+            this.x4 = obj;
+            this.x5 = obj;
+        }
+
+        public static void verify(LargeValueWithOops val, Object obj, boolean useNull) {
+            if (useNull) {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(val, null);
+            } else {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(val.x1, obj);
+                Asserts.assertEQ(val.x2, obj);
+                Asserts.assertEQ(val.x3, obj);
+                Asserts.assertEQ(val.x4, obj);
+                Asserts.assertEQ(val.x5, obj);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Pass some unused args to make sure that the (return) registers are trashed
+    public static LargeValueWithOops callee(int unused1, int unused2, int unused3, int unused4, int unused5, LargeValueWithOops val) {
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    public static void caller(LargeValueWithOops val, Object obj, boolean useNull) {
+        // Below call will return a LargeValueWithOops in scalarized form.
+        // If it's null, the x1 - x5 oop fields need to be zeroed to make the GC happy.
+        val = callee(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, val);
+        LargeValueWithOops.verify(val, obj, useNull);
+    }
+
+    static class GarbageProducerThread extends Thread {
+        public void run() {
+            for (;;) {
+                // Produce some garbage and then let the GC do its work
+                Object[] arrays = new Object[1024];
+                for (int i = 0; i < arrays.length; i++) {
+                    arrays[i] = new int[1024];
+                }
+                System.gc();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        if (args[0].equals("Interpreted") || args[0].equals("C1")) {
+            // Prevent callee method from being C2 compiled to ensure it's interpreted or C1 compiled
+            Method m = TestOopsInReturnConvention.class.getDeclaredMethod("callee", int.class, int.class, int.class, int.class, int.class, LargeValueWithOops.class);
+            WHITE_BOX.makeMethodNotCompilable(m, COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, false);
+        }
+
+        // Start another thread that does some allocations and calls System.gc() to trigger frequent GCs
+        Thread garbage_producer = new GarbageProducerThread();
+        garbage_producer.setDaemon(true);
+        garbage_producer.start();
+
+        // Trigger compilation
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100_000; i++) {
+            boolean useNull = (i % 2) == 0;
+            LargeValueWithOops val = useNull ? null : new LargeValueWithOops(i);
+            caller(val, i, useNull);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestOptimizeKlassCmp.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestOptimizeKlassCmp.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e9f98ccbad9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestOptimizeKlassCmp.java
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8209687
+ * @summary Verify that Parse::optimize_cmp_with_klass() works with value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestOptimizeKlassCmp
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+value class MyValueOptKlassCmp {
+    public int x;
+
+    public MyValueOptKlassCmp(int x) {
+        this.x = x;
+    }
+}
+
+public class TestOptimizeKlassCmp {
+
+    public static boolean test1(MyValueOptKlassCmp v1, MyValueOptKlassCmp v2) {
+        return v1.equals(v2);
+    }
+
+    public static boolean test2(MyValueOptKlassCmp v1, MyValueOptKlassCmp v2) {
+        return v1.getClass().equals(v2.getClass());
+    }
+
+    public static boolean test3(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1.getClass().equals(o2.getClass());
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        MyValueOptKlassCmp v1 = new MyValueOptKlassCmp(0);
+        MyValueOptKlassCmp v2 = new MyValueOptKlassCmp(1);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertFalse(test1(v1, v2));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(test1(v1, v1));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(test2(v1, v2));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(test2(v1, v1));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(test3(v1, v2));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(test3(v1, v1));
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestOptimizePtrCompare.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestOptimizePtrCompare.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..df4b3d91f0b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestOptimizePtrCompare.java
@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8377480
+ * @summary [lworld] incorrect execution due to EA pointer comparison optimization at scalarized call
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64")
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+
+public class TestOptimizePtrCompare {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestFramework.runWithFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:+InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "-XX:+InlineTypeReturnedAsFields");
+        TestFramework.runWithFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:-InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "-XX:+InlineTypeReturnedAsFields");
+        TestFramework.runWithFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:+InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "-XX:-InlineTypeReturnedAsFields");
+        TestFramework.runWithFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:-InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "-XX:-InlineTypeReturnedAsFields");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N})
+    public static void test1() {
+        Object notUsed = new Object(); // make sure EA runs
+        Object arg = null;
+        Object res = notInlined1(arg);
+        if (res != null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    static Object notInlined1(Object o) {
+        return o;
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue {
+        Object o;
+
+        MyValue(Object o) {
+            this.o = o;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"}, failOn = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "2", IRNode.CMP_I, "1"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "false"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "2"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "false"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "3"})
+    public static void test2() {
+        Object notUsed = new Object(); // make sure EA runs
+        MyValue arg = new MyValue(null);
+        MyValue res = notInlined2(arg);
+        if (res.o != null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    static MyValue notInlined2(MyValue v) {
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue2 {
+        Object o1;
+        Object o2;
+
+        MyValue2(Object o1, Object o2) {
+            this.o1 = o1;
+            this.o2 = o2;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue3 {
+        MyValue v1;
+        MyValue2 v2;
+
+        MyValue3(MyValue v1, MyValue2 v2) {
+            this.v1 = v1;
+            this.v2 = v2;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object fieldO = new Object();
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"}, failOn = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "2", IRNode.CMP_I, "1"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "false"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "2"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "false"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "3"})
+    public static void test3() {
+        Object notUsed = new Object(); // make sure EA runs
+        MyValue2 arg = new MyValue2(null, fieldO);
+        MyValue2 res = notInlined3(arg);
+        if (res.o1 != null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    static MyValue2 notInlined3(MyValue2 v) {
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "1"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "2"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "false"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "1"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "false"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "2"})
+    public static void test4() {
+        Object notUsed = new Object(); // make sure EA runs
+        MyValue arg = new MyValue(null);
+        Object res = notInlined4(arg);
+        if (res == null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    static Object notInlined4(MyValue v) {
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"}, failOn = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "2", IRNode.CMP_I, "1"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "false"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "2"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "false"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "3"})
+    public static void test5() {
+        Object notUsed = new Object(); // make sure EA runs
+        MyValue2 arg = new MyValue2(fieldO, null);
+        MyValue2 res = notInlined5(arg);
+        if (res.o2 != null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    static MyValue2 notInlined5(MyValue2 v) {
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    // TODO 8376254: C1 bails out if the type of the nullable flat field is uninitialized
+    @Test(allowNotCompilable = true)
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"}, failOn = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "4", IRNode.CMP_I, "2"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "false"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "2"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "false"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "5"})
+    public static void test6() {
+        Object notUsed = new Object(); // make sure EA runs
+        MyValue v1 = new MyValue(fieldO);
+        MyValue2 v2 = new MyValue2(fieldO, null);
+        MyValue3 v3 = new MyValue3(v1, v2);
+        MyValue3 res = notInlined6(v1, v2, v3);
+        if (res.v2.o2 != null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    static MyValue3 notInlined6(MyValue v1, MyValue2 v2, MyValue3 v3) {
+        return v3;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "1"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "2", IRNode.CMP_I, "1"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "false"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "2"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "false"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "3"})
+    public static void test7() {
+        Object notUsed = new Object(); // make sure EA runs
+        MyValue2 arg = new MyValue2(fieldO, null);
+        MyValue2 res = notInlined7(arg, true);
+        if (res.o2 != null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    static MyValue2 notInlined7(MyValue2 v, boolean flag) {
+        if (flag) {
+            return v;
+        }
+        return new MyValue2(fieldO, fieldO);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "1"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "2", IRNode.CMP_I, "1"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "false"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "2"})
+    @IR(applyIfAnd = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false", "InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "false"}, counts = {IRNode.CMP_P_OR_N, "3"})
+    public static void test8() {
+        Object notUsed = new Object(); // make sure EA runs
+        MyValue2 arg = new MyValue2(fieldO, null);
+        MyValue2 res = notInlined8(arg, true);
+        if (res.o2 != null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+    }
+
+    static MyValue2 fieldValue2 = new MyValue2(fieldO, fieldO);
+
+    @DontInline
+    static MyValue2 notInlined8(MyValue2 v, boolean flag) {
+        if (flag) {
+            return v;
+        }
+        return fieldValue2;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestPollutedCallsiteProfileInlineType.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestPollutedCallsiteProfileInlineType.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5bd2bf5eabb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestPollutedCallsiteProfileInlineType.java
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8380927
+ * @summary Polluted callsite profiling must not break the idempotence of InlineTypeNode::Value
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=1110
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,${test.main.class}::call
+ *                   -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline -XX:-InlineTypeReturnedAsFields
+ *                   -XX:TypeProfileLevel=222 ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+public class TestPollutedCallsiteProfileInlineType {
+    static value class MyValue {}
+
+    static MyValue call(boolean throwRE) {
+        if (throwRE) {
+            // 1) At the outer callsite (in test) we want ProfileNeverNull:
+            // ==> we should never observe a null return value
+            // 2) At the inner callsite (in callWrapper) we want ProfileAlwaysNull:
+            // ==> we should never observe a non-null return value
+            // By conditionally throwing an exception we can guarantee that 1) and 2) hold
+            throw new RuntimeException();
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static MyValue callWrapper(boolean throwRE) {
+        return call(throwRE); // profile: ProfileAlwaysNull
+    }
+
+    static MyValue test() {
+        return callWrapper(true); // profile: ProfileNeverNull
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // pollute the profile in callWrapper
+        for (int i = 0; i < 2000; i++) {
+            callWrapper(false);
+        }
+
+        // get a compilation based on the polluted profile
+        for (int i = 0; i < 7000; i++) {
+            try {
+                test();
+            } catch (RuntimeException t) {}
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestPushThroughPhiNotification.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestPushThroughPhiNotification.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b8c51b5ad3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestPushThroughPhiNotification.java
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test that Phi users are revisited when InlineTypeNode is pushed through.
+ * @bug 8386067
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=1110 -XX:+StressIGVN
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+public class TestPushThroughPhiNotification {
+    static Object box(int i) {
+        return i;
+    }
+
+    static boolean test() {
+        Object lhs = null;
+        Object rhs = null;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            if ((i & 1) == 0) {
+                lhs = box(i);
+                rhs = box(i);
+            }
+        }
+        // Phi with (deep) CmpL user from acmp implementation that needs to
+        // be re-visited by IGVN when InlineTypeNode is pushed through.
+        return lhs == rhs;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 5_000; i++) {
+            if (!test()) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected result");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestReallocWithoutEA.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestReallocWithoutEA.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bb316a73fc2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestReallocWithoutEA.java
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.*;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8379863
+ * @summary With value classes, scalarization can take place independently
+ *          of escape analysis. When deoptimizing, this implies that
+ *          scalarized objects must be rematerialized even if escape
+ *          analysis is disabled.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   -XX:-DoEscapeAnalysis -XX:-EliminateAutoBox
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+public class TestReallocWithoutEA {
+    static void unloaded() {}
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        var x = MyValue1.DEFAULT;
+        unloaded();
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestSafepointAtPollReturn.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestSafepointAtPollReturn.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..68414d71916
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestSafepointAtPollReturn.java
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test that oop fields of value classes are preserved over safepoints at returns.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestSafepointAtPollReturn::test* -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+SafepointALot -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+UseTLAB compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestSafepointAtPollReturn
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+public class TestSafepointAtPollReturn {
+    static Integer INT_VAL = 0;
+
+    static value class MyValue {
+        Integer val = INT_VAL;
+    }
+
+    static public MyValue testValueCallee(boolean b) {
+        return b ? null : new MyValue();
+    }
+
+    static public MyValue testValue(boolean b) {
+        return testValueCallee(b);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1_000_000_000; ++i) {
+            INT_VAL = i;
+            boolean b = (i % 2) == 0;
+            MyValue val = testValue(b);
+            if (b) {
+                if (val != null) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("testValue failed: result should be null");
+                }
+            } else {
+                int res = val.val;
+                if (res != i) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("testValue failed: " + res + " != " + i);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestSafepointScalarizationNodeGrowth.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestSafepointScalarizationNodeGrowth.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3ab61da78d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestSafepointScalarizationNodeGrowth.java
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test that safepoint debug-info scalarization does not create too many nodes in a single IGVN iteration.
+ * @bug 8373598
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline -XX:-UseFieldFlattening
+ *                   -XX:-AbortVMOnCompilationFailure
+ *                   -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+public class TestSafepointScalarizationNodeGrowth {
+    static int counter;
+    static RootValue result;
+
+    static value class NestedValue {
+        Integer boxed1;
+        Integer boxed2;
+        Integer boxed3;
+        Integer boxed4;
+        Integer boxed5;
+        Integer boxed6;
+        Integer boxed7;
+
+        NestedValue(int i) {
+            this.boxed1 = i;
+            this.boxed2 = i;
+            this.boxed3 = i;
+            this.boxed4 = i;
+            this.boxed5 = i;
+            this.boxed6 = i;
+            this.boxed7 = i;
+        }
+
+        NestedValue(NestedValue other) {
+            this.boxed1 = ((counter++ & 1) == 0) ? other.boxed1 + counter++ : null;
+            this.boxed2 = ((counter++ & 1) == 0) ? other.boxed2 + counter++ : null;
+            this.boxed3 = ((counter++ & 1) == 0) ? other.boxed3 + counter++ : null;
+            this.boxed4 = ((counter++ & 1) == 0) ? other.boxed4 + counter++ : null;
+            this.boxed5 = ((counter++ & 1) == 0) ? other.boxed5 + counter++ : null;
+            this.boxed6 = ((counter++ & 1) == 0) ? other.boxed6 + counter++ : null;
+            this.boxed7 = ((counter++ & 1) == 0) ? other.boxed7 + counter++ : null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class RootValue {
+        NestedValue nested1;
+        NestedValue nested2;
+        NestedValue nested3;
+        NestedValue nested4;
+        NestedValue nested5;
+
+        RootValue(int i) {
+            this.nested1 = new NestedValue(i);
+            this.nested2 = new NestedValue(i);
+            this.nested3 = new NestedValue(i);
+            this.nested4 = new NestedValue(i);
+            this.nested5 = new NestedValue(i);
+        }
+
+        RootValue(RootValue other) {
+            this.nested1 = ((counter++ & 1) == 0) ? new NestedValue(other.nested1) : null;
+            this.nested2 = ((counter++ & 1) == 0) ? new NestedValue(other.nested2) : null;
+            this.nested3 = ((counter++ & 1) == 0) ? new NestedValue(other.nested3) : null;
+            this.nested4 = ((counter++ & 1) == 0) ? new NestedValue(other.nested4) : null;
+            this.nested5 = ((counter++ & 1) == 0) ? new NestedValue(other.nested5) : null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test(int val) {
+        RootValue defaultValue = new RootValue(val);
+        result = new RootValue(defaultValue);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20; ++i) {
+            result = new RootValue(defaultValue);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; ++i) {
+            test(i);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestScalarizeVboxWithScalarizedValues.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestScalarizeVboxWithScalarizedValues.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..723028b1eea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestScalarizeVboxWithScalarizedValues.java
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test that scalarize_vbox_node treats correctly scalarized value class locals
+ * @bug 8385886
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules jdk.incubator.vector
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+EnableVectorSupport
+ *                   -XX:+EnableVectorReboxing
+ *                   -XX:+EnableVectorAggressiveReboxing
+ *                   -XX:+DeoptimizeALot -XX:DeoptimizeALotInterval=1 -XX:DeoptimizeOnlyAt=54
+ *                   -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,${test.main.class}::dontcompile
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.incubator.vector.*;
+
+public class TestScalarizeVboxWithScalarizedValues {
+    static final VectorSpecies<Integer> SPECIES = IntVector.SPECIES_128;
+    static final int[] array = new int[64];
+
+    static value class MyValue {
+        int a;
+
+        MyValue(int a) {
+            this.a = a;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int dontcompile(MyValue myVal, IntVector vector) {
+        return myVal.a;
+    }
+
+    static int test(boolean flag, int v) {
+        MyValue myVal = new MyValue(v);
+
+        IntVector v1 = IntVector.fromArray(SPECIES, array, 0);
+        IntVector v2 = IntVector.fromArray(SPECIES, array, SPECIES.length());
+        IntVector vector = flag ? v1 : v2;
+
+        // bci 54 is the invokestatic
+        // and everything C2 needs to do with it (like allocating arrays for vectors with new_array_blob).
+        // myVal is not null, but after deopt, in dontcompile myVal.a throws a NPE.
+        return dontcompile(myVal, vector);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 200_000; i++) {
+            test((i & 1) == 0, i);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestScalarizeVboxWithScalarizedValuesAndHalf.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestScalarizeVboxWithScalarizedValuesAndHalf.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..05e018c0984
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestScalarizeVboxWithScalarizedValuesAndHalf.java
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test that scalarize_vbox_node treats correctly scalarized value class locals
+ * @bug 8385886 8386720
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules jdk.incubator.vector
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+EnableVectorSupport
+ *                   -XX:+EnableVectorReboxing
+ *                   -XX:+EnableVectorAggressiveReboxing
+ *                   -XX:+DeoptimizeALot -XX:DeoptimizeALotInterval=1 -XX:DeoptimizeOnlyAt=61
+ *                   -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,${test.main.class}::dontcompile
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.incubator.vector.*;
+
+public class TestScalarizeVboxWithScalarizedValuesAndHalf {
+    static final VectorSpecies<Integer> SPECIES = IntVector.SPECIES_128;
+    static final int[] array = new int[64];
+
+    static value class MyValue {
+        int a;
+
+        MyValue(int a) {
+            this.a = a;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int dontcompile(double d, MyValue myVal, IntVector vector, long l) {
+        return myVal.a;
+    }
+
+    static int test(boolean flag, int v, double d, long l) {
+        MyValue myVal = new MyValue(v);
+
+        IntVector v1 = IntVector.fromArray(SPECIES, array, 0);
+        IntVector v2 = IntVector.fromArray(SPECIES, array, SPECIES.length());
+        IntVector vector = flag ? v1 : v2;
+
+        // bci 61 is the invokestatic
+        // and everything C2 needs to do with it (like allocating arrays for vectors with new_array_blob).
+        // myVal is not null, but after deopt, in dontcompile myVal.a throws a NPE.
+        return dontcompile(d, myVal, vector, l);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 200_000; i++) {
+            test((i & 1) == 0, i, (double)i, (long)(2 * i));
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestScalarizedCCReceiverOnlyEntryAllocBuffer.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestScalarizedCCReceiverOnlyEntryAllocBuffer.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c241905fe78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestScalarizedCCReceiverOnlyEntryAllocBuffer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8381563
+ * @summary [lworld] SharedRuntime::allocate_inline_types hits "buffer not of expected class" assert
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64")
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-BackgroundCompilation
+ *                   -XX:CompileOnly=compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestScalarizedCCReceiverOnlyEntryAllocBuffer::test1
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+public class TestScalarizedCCReceiverOnlyEntryAllocBuffer {
+
+    static Object field1;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        MyValue2 v2 = new MyValue2(42);
+        MyValue3 v3 = new MyValue3(42);
+        MyValue4 v4 = new MyValue4(42);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; i++) {
+            test1(v2);
+            test1(v3);
+            test1(v4);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test1(I i) {
+        MyValue1 v1 = new MyValue1(42);
+        field1 = v1;
+        i.m(v1);
+    }
+
+
+    static value class MyValue1 {
+        int intField;
+
+        MyValue1(int intField) {
+            this.intField = intField;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static interface I {
+        default public void m(MyValue1 v) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue2 implements I {
+        int intField;
+
+        MyValue2(int intField) {
+            this.intField = intField;
+        }
+
+        public void m(MyValue1 v) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue3 implements I {
+        int intField;
+
+        MyValue3(int intField) {
+            this.intField = intField;
+        }
+
+        public void m(MyValue1 v) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue4 implements I {
+        int intField;
+
+        MyValue4(int intField) {
+            this.intField = intField;
+        }
+
+        public void m(MyValue1 v) {
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestSpeculateArrayAccess.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestSpeculateArrayAccess.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d0c2dd6a7e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestSpeculateArrayAccess.java
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @key stress randomness
+ * @bug 8333889
+ * @summary Test that speculative array access checks do not cause a load to be wrongly hoisted before its range check.
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::* -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*TestSpeculateArrayAccess::test
+ *                   -Xbatch -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+StressGCM -XX:StressSeed=1202682944
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestSpeculateArrayAccess
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::* -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*TestSpeculateArrayAccess::test
+ *                   -Xbatch -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+StressGCM
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestSpeculateArrayAccess
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+public class TestSpeculateArrayAccess {
+    static Object[] oArr = new Object[100];
+    static int iFld = 100;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+            oArr[i] = new Object();
+        }
+        iFld = 1;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+            test();
+        }
+        iFld = -1;
+
+        try {
+            test();
+        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+            // Expected.
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test() {
+        Object[] oA = oArr; // Load here to avoid G1 barriers being expanded inside loop which prevents Loop Predication.
+        for (float i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+            // RangeCheck -> If-Speculative-Array-Type -> CastII
+            //
+            // At Loop Predication:
+            // - RangeCheck not hoisted because loop dependent
+            // - If-Speculative-Array-Type hoisted and CastII and LoadN ends up before loop
+            //
+            // Running with -XX:+StressGCM: We could execute the LoadN before entering the loop.
+            // This crashes when iFld = -1 because we then access an out-of-bounds element.
+            Object o = oA[(int)i*iFld];
+            o.toString(); // Use the object with its speculated type.
+        }
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestStaleArrayTypeInArrayStore.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestStaleArrayTypeInArrayStore.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4d728dfe98d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestStaleArrayTypeInArrayStore.java
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8387612
+ * @summary Test that stale array type is correctly updated and the corrected assert works.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+public class TestStaleArrayTypeInArrayStore {
+    static Object[] array = new Object[1];
+    static int iFld;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; i++) {
+            iFld = i % 100;
+            test();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test() {
+        Object o = array[0];
+        if (iFld == 0) {
+            inline();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void inline() {
+        array[0] = null;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestStressReturnBuffering.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestStressReturnBuffering.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..25fec2d495e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestStressReturnBuffering.java
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8233415
+ * @summary Verify that TLAB allocated buffer initialization when returning a value object works properly with oops.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=exclude,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestStressReturnBuffering::caller -Xmx10m
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestStressReturnBuffering
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+value class MyValueStressRetBuf {
+    public Integer o1;
+    public Integer o2;
+    public Integer o3;
+    public Integer o4;
+    public Integer o5;
+
+    public MyValueStressRetBuf(Integer o) {
+        this.o1 = o;
+        this.o2 = o;
+        this.o3 = o;
+        this.o4 = o;
+        this.o5 = o;
+    }
+}
+
+public class TestStressReturnBuffering {
+
+    static Integer integer = 42;
+
+    public static MyValueStressRetBuf callee() {
+        return new MyValueStressRetBuf(integer);
+    }
+
+    public static int caller() {
+        int res = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100_000; ++i) {
+            MyValueStressRetBuf vt = callee();
+            res += vt.o1 + vt.o2 + vt.o3 + vt.o4 + vt.o5;
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        System.gc();
+        int res = caller();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(res, 100_000*5*42, "Unexpected result");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestStrictFieldBarriers.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestStrictFieldBarriers.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9d0015e2a21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestStrictFieldBarriers.java
@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8367785
+ * @summary Verify that compilers adhere to the new memory model rules for strict fields.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile TestStrictFieldBarriers.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor
+ *             compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestStrictFieldBarriers$A1
+ *             compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestStrictFieldBarriers$B1
+ *             compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestStrictFieldBarriers$C1
+ *             compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestStrictFieldBarriers$A2
+ *             compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestStrictFieldBarriers$B2
+ *             compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestStrictFieldBarriers$C2
+ * @run main/othervm compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestStrictFieldBarriers
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestStrictFieldBarriers
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestStrictFieldBarriers
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,java.lang.Object::*init*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestStrictFieldBarriers
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,StrictInitTest$A::*init*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestStrictFieldBarriers
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,StrictInitTest$B::*init*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestStrictFieldBarriers
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,StrictInitTest$C::*init*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestStrictFieldBarriers
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::*init*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestStrictFieldBarriers
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictInit;
+
+public class TestStrictFieldBarriers {
+
+    static A1 sharedA1 = new A1();
+    static B1 sharedB1 = new B1();
+    static C1 sharedC1_1 = new C1();
+    static B1 sharedC1_2 = new C1();
+    static D1 sharedD1_1 = new D1();
+    static E1 sharedD1_2 = new D1();
+
+    static A2 sharedA2 = new A2();
+    static B2 sharedB2 = new B2();
+    static C2 sharedC2_1 = new C2();
+    static B2 sharedC2_2 = new C2();
+    static D2 sharedD2_1 = new D2();
+    static E2 sharedD2_2 = new D2();
+
+    static class A1 {
+        @StrictInit
+        final int x;
+
+        A1() {
+            x = 1;
+            super();
+            sharedA1 = this;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class B1 {
+        @StrictInit
+        final int x;
+
+        B1() {
+            x = 1;
+            super();
+            sharedB1 = this;
+        }
+
+        B1(boolean unused) {
+            x = 1;
+            super();
+            sharedC1_2 = this;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class C1 extends B1 {
+        @StrictInit
+        final int y;
+
+        C1() {
+            y = 1;
+            super(true);
+            sharedC1_1 = this;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class E1 {
+        final int x;
+
+        E1() {
+            x = 1;
+            super();
+            sharedD1_2 = this;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class D1 extends E1 {
+        final int y;
+        final int z;
+
+        D1() {
+            y = 2;
+            super();
+            z = 3;
+            sharedD1_1 = this;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Non final versions
+
+    static class A2 {
+        @StrictInit
+        int x;
+
+        A2() {
+            x = 1;
+            super();
+            sharedA2 = this;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class B2 {
+        @StrictInit
+        int x;
+
+        B2() {
+            x = 1;
+            super();
+            sharedB2 = this;
+        }
+
+        B2(boolean unused) {
+            x = 1;
+            super();
+            sharedC2_2 = this;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class C2 extends B2 {
+        @StrictInit
+        int y;
+
+        C2() {
+            y = 1;
+            super(true);
+            sharedC2_1 = this;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class E2 {
+        final int x;
+
+        E2() {
+            x = 1;
+            super();
+            sharedD2_2 = this;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class D2 extends E2 {
+        final int y;
+        final int z;
+
+        D2() {
+            y = 2;
+            super();
+            z = 3;
+            sharedD2_1 = this;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        // Spawn two threads, a reader and a writer and check that the
+        // reader thread never observes an uninitialized strict field.
+        Thread reader = new Thread(() -> {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 100_000; ++i) {
+                // We don't check individual fields here because the checks need to be
+                // as fast a possible to increase the likelihood of a race condition.
+                int res = sharedA1.x & sharedB1.x & sharedC1_1.x & sharedC1_1.y & sharedC1_2.x & ((C1)sharedC1_2).y &
+                          sharedA2.x & sharedB2.x & sharedC2_1.x & sharedC2_1.y & sharedC2_2.x & ((C2)sharedC2_2).y &
+                          sharedD1_1.x & ((D1)sharedD1_2).x & sharedD2_1.x & ((D2)sharedD2_2).x;
+                if (res != 1) {
+                    System.err.println("Incorrect field value observed!");
+                    System.exit(1);
+                }
+            }
+        });
+
+        Thread writer = new Thread(() -> {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 100_000; ++i) {
+                new A1();
+                new B1();
+                new C1();
+                new D1();
+                new A2();
+                new B2();
+                new C2();
+                new D2();
+            }
+        });
+
+        reader.start();
+        writer.start();
+        reader.join();
+        writer.join();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestStrictFinalExitMemBar.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestStrictFinalExitMemBar.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2078f3d65f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestStrictFinalExitMemBar.java
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8369166
+ * @summary Verify constructor exit barriers are emitted for non-strict finals but not for strict finals.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile TestStrictFinalExitMemBar.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor
+ *             compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestStrictFinalExitMemBar$StrictFinalHolder
+ *             compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestStrictFinalExitMemBar$StrictNonFinalHolder
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictInit;
+
+public class TestStrictFinalExitMemBar {
+    static Object sink;
+
+    static class StrictFinalHolder {
+        @StrictInit
+        final int x;
+
+        StrictFinalHolder(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class NonStrictFinalHolder {
+        final int x;
+
+        NonStrictFinalHolder(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class StrictNonFinalHolder {
+        @StrictInit
+        int x;
+
+        StrictNonFinalHolder(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class NonStrictNonFinalHolder {
+        int x;
+
+        NonStrictNonFinalHolder(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {"MemBar(StoreStore|Release).*Object::<init>\\s+@ bci:-1", "1"},
+        failOn = {"MemBar(StoreStore|Release).*StrictFinalHolder::<init>\\s+@ bci:-1"},
+        phase = CompilePhase.BEFORE_MATCHING)
+    public static int testStrictFinalNoExitMemBar() {
+        StrictFinalHolder holder = new StrictFinalHolder(42);
+        sink = holder;
+        return holder.x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testStrictFinalNoExitMemBar")
+    public static void testStrictFinalNoExitMemBarRunner() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testStrictFinalNoExitMemBar(), 42);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {"MemBar(StoreStore|Release).*NonStrictFinalHolder::<init>\\s+@ bci:-1", "1"},
+        failOn = {"MemBar(StoreStore|Release).*Object::<init>\\s+@ bci:-1"},
+        phase = CompilePhase.BEFORE_MATCHING)
+    public static int testNonStrictFinalHasExitMemBar() {
+        NonStrictFinalHolder holder = new NonStrictFinalHolder(42);
+        sink = holder;
+        return holder.x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testNonStrictFinalHasExitMemBar")
+    public static void testNonStrictFinalHasExitMemBarRunner() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testNonStrictFinalHasExitMemBar(), 42);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {"MemBar(StoreStore|Release).*Object::<init>\\s+@ bci:-1", "1"},
+        failOn = {"MemBar(StoreStore|Release).*StrictNonFinalHolder::<init>\\s+@ bci:-1"},
+        phase = CompilePhase.BEFORE_MATCHING)
+    public static int testStrictNonFinalNoExitMemBar() {
+        StrictNonFinalHolder holder = new StrictNonFinalHolder(42);
+        sink = holder;
+        return holder.x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testStrictNonFinalNoExitMemBar")
+    public static void testStrictNonFinalNoExitMemBarRunner() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testStrictNonFinalNoExitMemBar(), 42);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {"MemBar(StoreStore|Release).*Object::<init>\\s+@ bci:-1",
+                  "MemBar(StoreStore|Release).*NonStrictNonFinalHolder::<init>\\s+@ bci:-1"},
+        phase = CompilePhase.BEFORE_MATCHING)
+    public static int testNonStrictNonFinalNoMemBar() {
+        NonStrictNonFinalHolder holder = new NonStrictNonFinalHolder(42);
+        sink = holder;
+        return holder.x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testNonStrictNonFinalNoMemBar")
+    public static void testNonStrictNonFinalNoMemBarRunner() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testNonStrictNonFinalNoMemBar(), 42);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestFramework.runWithFlags("--enable-preview");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestSubstitutabilityWithCOH.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestSubstitutabilityWithCOH.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3e286adc4cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestSubstitutabilityWithCOH.java
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8380666
+ * @summary Test that the substitutability check loads the klass pointer from
+ *          the right location when UseCompactObjectHeaders is enabled.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run junit ${test.main.class}
+ * @run junit/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -Xcomp -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1 -XX:+UseCompactObjectHeaders
+ *                    -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*TestSubstitutabilityWithCOH::acmp
+ *                    ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+
+public class TestSubstitutabilityWithCOH {
+    static value class EmptyValue {
+    }
+
+    Object obj;
+
+    // This is needed to trigger heap placement of the EmptyValue object in such
+    // a way that there are garbage bits at the location where the substitutability
+    // check is incorrectly reading the klass pointer from. Brittle but all we got.
+    static Stream<Arguments> arguments() {
+        return Stream.of(Arguments.of(new EmptyValue()));
+    };
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("arguments")
+    public void test(Object expected) {
+        obj = expected;
+        acmp(new EmptyValue());
+    }
+
+    public void acmp(Object expected) {
+        if (obj != expected) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected result");
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestTearing.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestTearing.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..712bdc9e0d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestTearing.java
@@ -0,0 +1,432 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.invoke.*;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-flattening
+ * @key randomness
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xint" & vm.flavor == "server"
+ * @summary Detect tearing on flat accesses and buffering.
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -XX:-UseFieldFlattening -XX:-UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -XX:+StressGCM -XX:+StressLCM
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestTearing
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-flattening-AII
+ * @key randomness
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xint" & vm.flavor == "server"
+ * @summary Detect tearing on flat accesses and buffering.
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -XX:-UseFieldFlattening -XX:-UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -XX:+StressGCM -XX:+StressLCM
+ *                   -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestTearing
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-flattening-di
+ * @key randomness
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xint" & vm.flavor == "server"
+ * @summary Detect tearing on flat accesses and buffering.
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -XX:-UseFieldFlattening -XX:-UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::incrementAndCheck*
+ *                   -XX:+StressGCM -XX:+StressLCM
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestTearing
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-flattening-di-AII
+ * @key randomness
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xint" & vm.flavor == "server"
+ * @summary Detect tearing on flat accesses and buffering.
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -XX:-UseFieldFlattening -XX:-UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::incrementAndCheck*
+ *                   -XX:+StressGCM -XX:+StressLCM
+ *                   -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestTearing
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=xcomp-no-stress
+ * @key randomness
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xint" & vm.flavor == "server"
+ * @summary Detect tearing on flat accesses and buffering.
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestTearing
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=flattening
+ * @key randomness
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xint" & vm.flavor == "server"
+ * @summary Detect tearing on flat accesses and buffering.
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -XX:+StressGCM -XX:+StressLCM
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestTearing
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=flattening-AII
+ * @key randomness
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xint" & vm.flavor == "server"
+ * @summary Detect tearing on flat accesses and buffering.
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -XX:+StressGCM -XX:+StressLCM
+ *                   -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestTearing
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=flattening-di
+ * @key randomness
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xint" & vm.flavor == "server"
+ * @summary Detect tearing on flat accesses and buffering.
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::incrementAndCheck*
+ *                   -XX:+StressGCM -XX:+StressLCM
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestTearing
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=flattening-di-AII
+ * @key randomness
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xint" & vm.flavor == "server"
+ * @summary Detect tearing on flat accesses and buffering.
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::incrementAndCheck*
+ *                   -XX:+StressGCM -XX:+StressLCM
+ *                   -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestTearing
+ */
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValueTearing {
+    // Make sure the payload size is <= 64-bit to enable atomic flattening
+    short x;
+    short y;
+
+    private static final Unsafe U = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
+    private static final long X_OFFSET;
+    private static final long Y_OFFSET;
+    static {
+        try {
+            Field xField = MyValueTearing.class.getDeclaredField("x");
+            X_OFFSET = U.objectFieldOffset(xField);
+            Field yField = MyValueTearing.class.getDeclaredField("y");
+            Y_OFFSET = U.objectFieldOffset(yField);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static final MyValueTearing DEFAULT = new MyValueTearing((short)0, (short)0);
+
+    MyValueTearing(short x, short y) {
+        this.x = x;
+        this.y = y;
+    }
+
+    MyValueTearing incrementAndCheck() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(x, y, "Inconsistent field values");
+        return new MyValueTearing((short)(x + 1), (short)(y + 1));
+    }
+
+    MyValueTearing incrementAndCheckUnsafe() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(x, y, "Inconsistent field values");
+        MyValueTearing[] vt = (MyValueTearing[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyValueTearing.class, 1, this);
+        long baseOffset = U.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(vt) - U.valueHeaderSize(MyValueTearing.class);
+        U.putShort(vt, baseOffset + X_OFFSET, (short)(x + 1));
+        U.putShort(vt, baseOffset + Y_OFFSET, (short)(y + 1));
+        return vt[0];
+    }
+}
+
+public class TestTearing {
+    private static final WhiteBox WHITE_BOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+    private static final boolean SLOW_CONFIGURATION =
+        (WHITE_BOX.getIntxVMFlag("TieredStopAtLevel").intValue() < 4) ||
+         WHITE_BOX.getBooleanVMFlag("SafepointALot") ||
+         WHITE_BOX.getBooleanVMFlag("DeoptimizeALot") ||
+         WHITE_BOX.getBooleanVMFlag("DeoptimizeNMethodBarriersALot") ||
+        !WHITE_BOX.getBooleanVMFlag("UseTLAB") ||
+         WHITE_BOX.getBooleanVMFlag("VerifyOops") ||
+         WHITE_BOX.getBooleanVMFlag("CheckUnhandledOops");
+    private static final boolean HAS_FLAT_ARRAY = WHITE_BOX.getBooleanVMFlag("UseArrayFlattening");
+
+    // Null-free, volatile -> atomic access
+    @NullRestricted
+    volatile static MyValueTearing field1 = MyValueTearing.DEFAULT;
+    @NullRestricted
+    volatile MyValueTearing field2;
+
+    // Nullable fields are always atomic
+    static MyValueTearing field3 = new MyValueTearing((short)0, (short)0);
+    MyValueTearing field4 = new MyValueTearing((short)0, (short)0);
+
+    // Final arrays
+    static final MyValueTearing[] array1 = (MyValueTearing[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyValueTearing.class, 1, MyValueTearing.DEFAULT);
+    static final MyValueTearing[] array2 = (MyValueTearing[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValueTearing.class, 1);
+    static {
+        array2[0] = new MyValueTearing((short)0, (short)0);
+    }
+    static final MyValueTearing[] array3 = new MyValueTearing[] { new MyValueTearing((short)0, (short)0) };
+
+    // Non-final arrays
+    static MyValueTearing[] array4 = (MyValueTearing[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyValueTearing.class, 1, MyValueTearing.DEFAULT);
+    static MyValueTearing[] array5 = (MyValueTearing[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValueTearing.class, 1);
+    static {
+        array5[0] = new MyValueTearing((short)0, (short)0);
+    }
+    static MyValueTearing[] array6 = new MyValueTearing[] { new MyValueTearing((short)0, (short)0) };
+
+    // Object arrays
+    static Object[] array7 = (MyValueTearing[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyValueTearing.class, 1, MyValueTearing.DEFAULT);
+    static Object[] array8 = (MyValueTearing[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValueTearing.class, 1);
+    static {
+        array8[0] = new MyValueTearing((short)0, (short)0);
+    }
+    static Object[] array9 = new MyValueTearing[] { new MyValueTearing((short)0, (short)0) };
+
+    // Object arrays stored in volatile fields (for safe publication)
+    static volatile Object[] array10 = (MyValueTearing[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyValueTearing.class, 1, MyValueTearing.DEFAULT);
+    static volatile Object[] array11 = (MyValueTearing[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValueTearing.class, 1);
+    static {
+        array11[0] = new MyValueTearing((short)0, (short)0);
+    }
+    static volatile Object[] array12 = new MyValueTearing[] { new MyValueTearing((short)0, (short)0) };
+
+    static final MethodHandle incrementAndCheck_mh;
+
+    static {
+        try {
+            Class<?> clazz = MyValueTearing.class;
+            MethodHandles.Lookup lookup = MethodHandles.lookup();
+
+            MethodType mt = MethodType.methodType(MyValueTearing.class);
+            incrementAndCheck_mh = lookup.findVirtual(clazz, "incrementAndCheck", mt);
+        } catch (NoSuchMethodException | IllegalAccessException e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+            throw new RuntimeException("Method handle lookup failed");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public TestTearing() {
+        field2 = MyValueTearing.DEFAULT;
+        super();
+    }
+
+    static class Runner extends Thread {
+        TestTearing test;
+        private final int loopLimit;
+
+        public Runner(TestTearing test, int loopLimit) {
+            this.test = test;
+            this.loopLimit = loopLimit;
+        }
+
+        public void run() {
+            for (int i = 0; i < loopLimit; ++i) {
+                // Create "local" arrays so that C2 has full type info
+                MyValueTearing[] localArray1 = (MyValueTearing[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyValueTearing.class, 1, MyValueTearing.DEFAULT);
+                MyValueTearing[] localArray2 = (MyValueTearing[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValueTearing.class, 1);
+                localArray2[0] = new MyValueTearing((short)0, (short)0);
+                MyValueTearing[] localArray3 = new MyValueTearing[] { new MyValueTearing((short)0, (short)0) };
+
+                Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(localArray1));
+                Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(localArray2));
+                Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(localArray3));
+                Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(localArray1));
+                Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(localArray2));
+                Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(localArray3));
+
+                // Let them escape safely via a volatile field
+                array10 = localArray1;
+                array11 = localArray2;
+                array12 = localArray3;
+
+                localArray1[0] = localArray1[0].incrementAndCheck();
+                localArray2[0] = localArray2[0].incrementAndCheck();
+                localArray3[0] = localArray3[0].incrementAndCheck();
+
+                test.field1 = test.field1.incrementAndCheck();
+                test.field2 = test.field2.incrementAndCheck();
+                test.field3 = test.field3.incrementAndCheck();
+                test.field4 = test.field4.incrementAndCheck();
+                array1[0] = array1[0].incrementAndCheck();
+                array2[0] = array2[0].incrementAndCheck();
+                array3[0] = array3[0].incrementAndCheck();
+                array4[0] = array4[0].incrementAndCheck();
+                array5[0] = array5[0].incrementAndCheck();
+                array6[0] = array6[0].incrementAndCheck();
+                array7[0] = ((MyValueTearing)array7[0]).incrementAndCheck();
+                array8[0] = ((MyValueTearing)array8[0]).incrementAndCheck();
+                array9[0] = ((MyValueTearing)array9[0]).incrementAndCheck();
+                array10[0] = ((MyValueTearing)array10[0]).incrementAndCheck();
+                array11[0] = ((MyValueTearing)array11[0]).incrementAndCheck();
+                array12[0] = ((MyValueTearing)array12[0]).incrementAndCheck();
+
+                if (HAS_FLAT_ARRAY) {
+                    test.field1 = test.field1.incrementAndCheckUnsafe();
+                    test.field2 = test.field2.incrementAndCheckUnsafe();
+                    test.field3 = test.field3.incrementAndCheckUnsafe();
+                    test.field4 = test.field4.incrementAndCheckUnsafe();
+                    array1[0] = array1[0].incrementAndCheckUnsafe();
+                    array2[0] = array2[0].incrementAndCheckUnsafe();
+                    array3[0] = array3[0].incrementAndCheckUnsafe();
+                    array4[0] = array4[0].incrementAndCheckUnsafe();
+                    array5[0] = array5[0].incrementAndCheckUnsafe();
+                    array6[0] = array6[0].incrementAndCheckUnsafe();
+                    array7[0] = ((MyValueTearing) array7[0]).incrementAndCheckUnsafe();
+                    array8[0] = ((MyValueTearing) array8[0]).incrementAndCheckUnsafe();
+                    array9[0] = ((MyValueTearing) array9[0]).incrementAndCheckUnsafe();
+                    array10[0] = ((MyValueTearing) array10[0]).incrementAndCheckUnsafe();
+                    array11[0] = ((MyValueTearing) array11[0]).incrementAndCheckUnsafe();
+                    array12[0] = ((MyValueTearing) array12[0]).incrementAndCheckUnsafe();
+                }
+
+                try {
+                    test.field1 = (MyValueTearing)incrementAndCheck_mh.invokeExact(test.field1);
+                    test.field2 = (MyValueTearing)incrementAndCheck_mh.invokeExact(test.field2);
+                    test.field3 = (MyValueTearing)incrementAndCheck_mh.invokeExact(test.field1);
+                    test.field4 = (MyValueTearing)incrementAndCheck_mh.invokeExact(test.field2);
+                    array1[0] = (MyValueTearing)incrementAndCheck_mh.invokeExact(array1[0]);
+                    array2[0] = (MyValueTearing)incrementAndCheck_mh.invokeExact(array2[0]);
+                    array3[0] = (MyValueTearing)incrementAndCheck_mh.invokeExact(array3[0]);
+                    array4[0] = (MyValueTearing)incrementAndCheck_mh.invokeExact(array4[0]);
+                    array5[0] = (MyValueTearing)incrementAndCheck_mh.invokeExact(array5[0]);
+                    array6[0] = (MyValueTearing)incrementAndCheck_mh.invokeExact(array6[0]);
+                    array7[0] = (MyValueTearing)incrementAndCheck_mh.invokeExact((MyValueTearing)array7[0]);
+                    array8[0] = (MyValueTearing)incrementAndCheck_mh.invokeExact((MyValueTearing)array8[0]);
+                    array9[0] = (MyValueTearing)incrementAndCheck_mh.invokeExact((MyValueTearing)array9[0]);
+                    array10[0] = (MyValueTearing)incrementAndCheck_mh.invokeExact((MyValueTearing)array10[0]);
+                    array11[0] = (MyValueTearing)incrementAndCheck_mh.invokeExact((MyValueTearing)array11[0]);
+                    array12[0] = (MyValueTearing)incrementAndCheck_mh.invokeExact((MyValueTearing)array12[0]);
+                } catch (Throwable t) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Test failed", t);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        // Create threads that concurrently update some value class (array) fields
+        // and check the fields of the value classes for consistency to detect tearing.
+        int loopLimit = 250_000;
+        if (SLOW_CONFIGURATION) {
+            // Lower the number of iterations in slow configurations
+            loopLimit = 50_000;
+        }
+        TestTearing test = new TestTearing();
+        Thread runner = null;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            runner = new Runner(test, loopLimit);
+            runner.start();
+        }
+        runner.join();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestTrivialMethods.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestTrivialMethods.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..befcfc228f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestTrivialMethods.java
@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8275825 8289686
+ * @summary Verify that trivial accessor methods operating on an inline type
+ *          field are C2 compiled to enable scalarization of the arg/return value.
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64")
+ * @build jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:+InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs -XX:+InlineTypeReturnedAsFields
+ *                   -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:-StressCallingConvention
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::getter* -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::setter*
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::constantGetter* -XX:+PreloadClasses
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestTrivialMethods
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.whitebox.CompilerWhiteBoxTest;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+public class TestTrivialMethods {
+    public static final WhiteBox WHITE_BOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    static MyValue3 staticField = MyValue3.create();
+    static MyValue3 staticFieldRef = MyValue3.create();
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue3 field;
+    MyValue3 fieldRef;
+    Object objField;
+
+    private TestTrivialMethods() {
+        field = MyValue3.create();
+        fieldRef = MyValue3.create();
+        objField = null;
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public MyValue3 getter1() {
+        return staticField;
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue3 getter2() {
+        return staticField;
+    }
+
+    public MyValue3 getter3() {
+        return field;
+    }
+
+    public Object getter4(MyValue3 unusedArg) {
+        return objField;
+    }
+
+    public int constantGetter(MyValue3 unusedArg) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    public MyValue3 getter1Ref() {
+        return staticFieldRef;
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue3 getter2Ref() {
+        return staticFieldRef;
+    }
+
+    public MyValue3 getter3Ref() {
+        return fieldRef;
+    }
+
+    public Object getter4Ref(MyValue3 unusedArg) {
+        return objField;
+    }
+
+    public int constantGetterRef(MyValue3 unusedArg) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    public void setter1(MyValue3 val) {
+        staticField = val;
+    }
+
+    public static void setter2(MyValue3 val) {
+        staticField = val;
+    }
+
+    public void setter1Ref(MyValue3 val) {
+        staticFieldRef = val;
+    }
+
+    public static void setter2Ref(MyValue3 val) {
+        staticFieldRef = val;
+    }
+
+    public void setter3Ref(MyValue3 val) {
+        fieldRef = val;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        TestTrivialMethods t = new TestTrivialMethods();
+        // Warmup to trigger compilation
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100_000; ++i) {
+            t.getter1();
+            t.getter2();
+            t.getter3();
+            t.getter4(staticField);
+            t.constantGetter(staticField);
+            t.getter1Ref();
+            t.getter2Ref();
+            t.getter3Ref();
+            t.getter3Ref();
+            t.getter4Ref(null);
+            t.constantGetterRef(null);
+            t.setter1(staticField);
+            t.setter2(staticField);
+            t.setter1Ref(staticField);
+            t.setter2Ref(staticField);
+            t.setter3Ref(staticField);
+        }
+        Method m = TestTrivialMethods.class.getMethod("getter1");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(WHITE_BOX.getMethodCompilationLevel(m, false), CompilerWhiteBoxTest.COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, "getter1 is not C2 compiled");
+        m = TestTrivialMethods.class.getMethod("getter2");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(WHITE_BOX.getMethodCompilationLevel(m, false), CompilerWhiteBoxTest.COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, "getter2 is not C2 compiled");
+        m = TestTrivialMethods.class.getMethod("getter3");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(WHITE_BOX.getMethodCompilationLevel(m, false), CompilerWhiteBoxTest.COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, "getter3 is not C2 compiled");
+        m = TestTrivialMethods.class.getMethod("setter1", MyValue3.class);
+        m = TestTrivialMethods.class.getMethod("getter4", MyValue3.class);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(WHITE_BOX.getMethodCompilationLevel(m, false), CompilerWhiteBoxTest.COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, "getter4 is not C2 compiled");
+        m = TestTrivialMethods.class.getMethod("constantGetter", MyValue3.class);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(WHITE_BOX.getMethodCompilationLevel(m, false), CompilerWhiteBoxTest.COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, "constantGetter is not C2 compiled");
+        m = TestTrivialMethods.class.getMethod("getter1Ref");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(WHITE_BOX.getMethodCompilationLevel(m, false), CompilerWhiteBoxTest.COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, "getter1Ref is not C2 compiled");
+        m = TestTrivialMethods.class.getMethod("getter2Ref");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(WHITE_BOX.getMethodCompilationLevel(m, false), CompilerWhiteBoxTest.COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, "getter2Ref is not C2 compiled");
+        m = TestTrivialMethods.class.getMethod("getter3Ref");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(WHITE_BOX.getMethodCompilationLevel(m, false), CompilerWhiteBoxTest.COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, "getter3Ref is not C2 compiled");
+        m = TestTrivialMethods.class.getMethod("getter4Ref", MyValue3.class);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(WHITE_BOX.getMethodCompilationLevel(m, false), CompilerWhiteBoxTest.COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, "getter4Ref is not C2 compiled");
+        m = TestTrivialMethods.class.getMethod("constantGetterRef", MyValue3.class);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(WHITE_BOX.getMethodCompilationLevel(m, false), CompilerWhiteBoxTest.COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, "constantGetterRef is not C2 compiled");
+        m = TestTrivialMethods.class.getMethod("setter1", MyValue3.class);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(WHITE_BOX.getMethodCompilationLevel(m, false), CompilerWhiteBoxTest.COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, "setter1 is not C2 compiled");
+        m = TestTrivialMethods.class.getMethod("setter2", MyValue3.class);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(WHITE_BOX.getMethodCompilationLevel(m, false), CompilerWhiteBoxTest.COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, "setter2 is not C2 compiled");
+        m = TestTrivialMethods.class.getMethod("setter1Ref", MyValue3.class);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(WHITE_BOX.getMethodCompilationLevel(m, false), CompilerWhiteBoxTest.COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, "setter1Ref is not C2 compiled");
+        m = TestTrivialMethods.class.getMethod("setter2Ref", MyValue3.class);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(WHITE_BOX.getMethodCompilationLevel(m, false), CompilerWhiteBoxTest.COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, "setter2Ref is not C2 compiled");
+        m = TestTrivialMethods.class.getMethod("setter3Ref", MyValue3.class);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(WHITE_BOX.getMethodCompilationLevel(m, false), CompilerWhiteBoxTest.COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, "setter3Ref is not C2 compiled");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUnexpectedMemBar.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUnexpectedMemBar.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d86e5079657
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUnexpectedMemBar.java
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=AII-fixed-seed
+ * @bug 8270995
+ * @summary Membars of non-escaping value class buffer allocations should be removed.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:-ReduceInitialCardMarks
+ *                   -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*TestUnexpectedMemBar::test*
+ *                   -XX:+StressIGVN -XX:+StressGCM -XX:+StressLCM -XX:StressSeed=851121348
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnexpectedMemBar
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=AII
+ * @bug 8270995
+ * @summary Membars of non-escaping value class buffer allocations should be removed.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:-ReduceInitialCardMarks -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline
+ *                   -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*TestUnexpectedMemBar::test*
+ *                   -XX:+StressIGVN -XX:+StressGCM -XX:+StressLCM
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnexpectedMemBar
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=default
+ * @bug 8270995
+ * @summary Membars of non-escaping value class buffer allocations should be removed.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*TestUnexpectedMemBar::test*
+ *                   -XX:+StressIGVN -XX:+StressGCM -XX:+StressLCM
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnexpectedMemBar
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+value class MyValue1UnexpectedMemBar {
+    int a = 0;
+    int b = 0;
+    int c = 0;
+    int d = 0;
+    int e = 0;
+
+    Integer i;
+    int[] array;
+
+    public MyValue1UnexpectedMemBar(Integer i, int[] array) {
+        this.i = i;
+        this.array = array;
+    }
+}
+
+value class MyValue2UnexpectedMemBar {
+    int a = 0;
+    int b = 0;
+    int c = 0;
+    int d = 0;
+    int e = 0;
+
+    NonValueClass obj;
+    int[] array;
+
+    public MyValue2UnexpectedMemBar(NonValueClass obj, int[] array) {
+        this.obj = obj;
+        this.array = array;
+    }
+}
+
+public class TestUnexpectedMemBar {
+
+    public static int test1(Integer i) {
+        int[] array = new int[1];
+        MyValue1UnexpectedMemBar vt = new MyValue1UnexpectedMemBar(i, array);
+        vt = new MyValue1UnexpectedMemBar(vt.i, vt.array);
+        return vt.i + vt.array[0];
+    }
+
+    public static int test2(Integer i) {
+        int[] array = {i};
+        MyValue1UnexpectedMemBar vt = new MyValue1UnexpectedMemBar(i, array);
+        vt = new MyValue1UnexpectedMemBar(vt.i, vt.array);
+        return vt.i + vt.array[0];
+    }
+
+    public static int test3(NonValueClass obj) {
+        int[] array = new int[1];
+        MyValue2UnexpectedMemBar vt = new MyValue2UnexpectedMemBar(obj, array);
+        vt = new MyValue2UnexpectedMemBar(vt.obj, vt.array);
+        return vt.obj.x + vt.array[0];
+    }
+
+    public static int test4(NonValueClass obj) {
+        int[] array = {obj.x};
+        MyValue2UnexpectedMemBar vt = new MyValue2UnexpectedMemBar(obj, array);
+        vt = new MyValue2UnexpectedMemBar(vt.obj, vt.array);
+        return vt.obj.x + vt.array[0];
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100_000; ++i) {
+            int res = test1(i);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(res, i, "test1 failed");
+            res = test2(i);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(res, 2*i, "test2 failed");
+            res = test3(new NonValueClass(i));
+            Asserts.assertEquals(res, i, "test3 failed");
+            res = test4(new NonValueClass(i));
+            Asserts.assertEquals(res, 2*i, "test4 failed");
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUninitializedValueClass.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUninitializedValueClass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..455c517e3e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUninitializedValueClass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8282569
+ * @summary Test that uninitialized value class is properly handled by C2.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*::<init> -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUninitializedValueClass
+ */
+
+value class MyValueUninitValueClass {
+    static final MyValueUninitValueClass EMPTY = new MyValueUninitValueClass();
+    int value = 0;
+}
+
+public class TestUninitializedValueClass {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        MyValueUninitValueClass unused = new MyValueUninitValueClass();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUnloadedCastType.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUnloadedCastType.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..de01ca4de24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUnloadedCastType.java
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test casting of value objects to an unloaded type.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnloadedCastType::test*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnloadedCastType
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestUnloadedCastType {
+
+    static value class MyValue {
+        int x = 0;
+    }
+
+    static class Unloaded { }
+
+    public static Object test(MyValue val) {
+        Object obj = val;
+        return (Unloaded)obj;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test(null), null);
+        }
+        try {
+            test(new MyValue());
+            throw new RuntimeException("No ClassCastException thrown");
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUnloadedInlineTypeArray.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUnloadedInlineTypeArray.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..724b53dfe12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUnloadedInlineTypeArray.java
@@ -0,0 +1,545 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2023, Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=default
+ * @bug 8182997 8214898
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @summary Test the handling of arrays of unloaded value classes.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnloadedInlineTypeArray::test*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnloadedInlineTypeArray
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-flattening
+ * @bug 8182997 8214898
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @summary Test the handling of arrays of unloaded value classes.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnloadedInlineTypeArray::test*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnloadedInlineTypeArray
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=xcomp
+ * @bug 8182997 8214898
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @summary Test the handling of arrays of unloaded value classes.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnloadedInlineTypeArray
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=xcomp-no-flattening
+ * @bug 8182997 8214898
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @summary Test the handling of arrays of unloaded value classes.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnloadedInlineTypeArray
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=c2
+ * @bug 8182997 8214898
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @summary Test the handling of arrays of unloaded value classes.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnloadedInlineTypeArray::test*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnloadedInlineTypeArray
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=c2-no-flattening
+ * @bug 8182997 8214898
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @summary Test the handling of arrays of unloaded value classes.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:-UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnloadedInlineTypeArray::test*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnloadedInlineTypeArray
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=xcomp-c2
+ * @bug 8182997 8214898
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @summary Test the handling of arrays of unloaded value classes.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnloadedInlineTypeArray
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=xcomp-c2-no-flattening
+ * @bug 8182997 8214898
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @summary Test the handling of arrays of unloaded value classes.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:-UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnloadedInlineTypeArray
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValue1UnloadedInlineTypeArray {
+    int foo;
+
+    private MyValue1UnloadedInlineTypeArray() {
+        foo = 0x42;
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValue2UnloadedInlineTypeArray {
+    int foo;
+
+    public MyValue2UnloadedInlineTypeArray(int n) {
+        foo = n;
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValue3UnloadedInlineTypeArray {
+    int foo;
+
+    public MyValue3UnloadedInlineTypeArray(int n) {
+        foo = n;
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValue4UnloadedInlineTypeArray {
+    int foo;
+
+    public MyValue4UnloadedInlineTypeArray(int n) {
+        foo = n;
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValue5UnloadedInlineTypeArray {
+    int foo;
+
+    public MyValue5UnloadedInlineTypeArray(int n) {
+        foo = n;
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValue6UnloadedInlineTypeArray {
+    int foo;
+
+    public MyValue6UnloadedInlineTypeArray(int n) {
+        foo = n;
+    }
+
+    public MyValue6UnloadedInlineTypeArray(MyValue6UnloadedInlineTypeArray v, MyValue6UnloadedInlineTypeArray[] dummy) {
+        foo = v.foo + 1;
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValue7UnloadedInlineTypeArray {
+    int foo;
+
+    public MyValue7UnloadedInlineTypeArray(int n) {
+        foo = n;
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValue8UnloadedInlineTypeArray {
+    int foo = 123;
+    static {
+        compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnloadedInlineTypeArray.MyValue8_inited = true;
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValue9UnloadedInlineTypeArray {
+    int foo = 123;
+    static {
+        compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnloadedInlineTypeArray.MyValue9_inited = true;
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValue10UnloadedInlineTypeArray {
+    int foo = 42;
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValue11UnloadedInlineTypeArray {
+    int foo = 42;
+}
+
+public class TestUnloadedInlineTypeArray {
+    static boolean MyValue8_inited = false;
+    static boolean MyValue9_inited = false;
+
+    static MyValue1UnloadedInlineTypeArray[] target1() {
+        return (MyValue1UnloadedInlineTypeArray[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue1UnloadedInlineTypeArray.class, 10);
+    }
+
+    static void test1() {
+        target1();
+    }
+
+    static MyValue1UnloadedInlineTypeArray[] target1Nullable() {
+        return new MyValue1UnloadedInlineTypeArray[10];
+    }
+
+    static void test1Nullable() {
+        target1Nullable();
+    }
+
+    static int test2(MyValue2UnloadedInlineTypeArray[] arr) {
+        if (arr != null) {
+            return arr[1].foo;
+        } else {
+            return 1234;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void verifyTest2() {
+        int n = 50000;
+
+        int m = 9999;
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            m = test2(null);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(m, 1234);
+
+        MyValue2UnloadedInlineTypeArray[] arr = (MyValue2UnloadedInlineTypeArray[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue2UnloadedInlineTypeArray.class, 2);
+        arr[1] = new MyValue2UnloadedInlineTypeArray(5678);
+        m = 9999;
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            m = test2(arr);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(m, 5678);
+    }
+
+    static int test2Nullable(MyValue2UnloadedInlineTypeArray[] arr) {
+        if (arr != null) {
+            return arr[1].foo;
+        } else {
+            return 1234;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void verifyTest2Nullable() {
+        int n = 50000;
+
+        int m = 9999;
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            m = test2Nullable(null);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(m, 1234);
+
+        MyValue2UnloadedInlineTypeArray[] arr = new MyValue2UnloadedInlineTypeArray[2];
+        arr[1] = new MyValue2UnloadedInlineTypeArray(5678);
+        m = 9999;
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            m = test2Nullable(arr);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(m, 5678);
+    }
+
+    static void test3(MyValue3UnloadedInlineTypeArray[] arr) {
+        if (arr != null) {
+            arr[1] = new MyValue3UnloadedInlineTypeArray(2345);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void verifyTest3() {
+        int n = 50000;
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            test3(null);
+        }
+
+        MyValue3UnloadedInlineTypeArray[] arr = (MyValue3UnloadedInlineTypeArray[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue3UnloadedInlineTypeArray.class, 2);
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            test3(arr);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(arr[1].foo, 2345);
+    }
+
+    static void test3Nullable(MyValue3UnloadedInlineTypeArray[] arr) {
+        if (arr != null) {
+            arr[0] = null;
+            arr[1] = new MyValue3UnloadedInlineTypeArray(2345);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void verifyTest3Nullable() {
+        int n = 50000;
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            test3Nullable(null);
+        }
+
+        MyValue3UnloadedInlineTypeArray[] arr = new MyValue3UnloadedInlineTypeArray[2];
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            test3Nullable(arr);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(arr[0], null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(arr[1].foo, 2345);
+    }
+
+    static MyValue4UnloadedInlineTypeArray[] test4(boolean b) {
+        // range check elimination
+        if (b) {
+            MyValue4UnloadedInlineTypeArray[] arr = (MyValue4UnloadedInlineTypeArray[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue4UnloadedInlineTypeArray.class, 10);
+            arr[1] = new MyValue4UnloadedInlineTypeArray(2345);
+            return arr;
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void verifyTest4() {
+        int n = 50000;
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            test4(false);
+        }
+
+        MyValue4UnloadedInlineTypeArray[] arr = null;
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            arr = test4(true);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(arr[1].foo, 2345);
+    }
+
+    static MyValue4UnloadedInlineTypeArray[] test4Nullable(boolean b) {
+        // range check elimination
+        if (b) {
+            MyValue4UnloadedInlineTypeArray[] arr = new MyValue4UnloadedInlineTypeArray[10];
+            arr[0] = null;
+            arr[1] = new MyValue4UnloadedInlineTypeArray(2345);
+            return arr;
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void verifyTest4Nullable() {
+        int n = 50000;
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            test4Nullable(false);
+        }
+
+        MyValue4UnloadedInlineTypeArray[] arr = null;
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            arr = test4Nullable(true);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(arr[0], null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(arr[1].foo, 2345);
+        arr[3] = null;
+    }
+
+    static Object[] test5(int n) {
+        if (n == 0) {
+            return null;
+        } else if (n == 1) {
+            MyValue5UnloadedInlineTypeArray[] arr = (MyValue5UnloadedInlineTypeArray[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue5UnloadedInlineTypeArray.class, 10);
+            arr[1] = new MyValue5UnloadedInlineTypeArray(12345);
+            return arr;
+        } else {
+            MyValue5UnloadedInlineTypeArray[] arr = new MyValue5UnloadedInlineTypeArray[10];
+            arr[1] = new MyValue5UnloadedInlineTypeArray(22345);
+            return arr;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void verifyTest5() {
+        int n = 50000;
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            test5(0);
+        }
+
+        {
+            MyValue5UnloadedInlineTypeArray[] arr = null;
+            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+                arr = (MyValue5UnloadedInlineTypeArray[])test5(1);
+            }
+            Asserts.assertEQ(arr[1].foo, 12345);
+        }
+        {
+            MyValue5UnloadedInlineTypeArray[] arr = null;
+            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+                arr = (MyValue5UnloadedInlineTypeArray[])test5(2);
+            }
+            Asserts.assertEQ(arr[1].foo, 22345);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object test6() {
+        return new MyValue6UnloadedInlineTypeArray(new MyValue6UnloadedInlineTypeArray(123), null);
+    }
+
+    static void verifyTest6() {
+        Object n = test6();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(n.toString(), "compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.MyValue6UnloadedInlineTypeArray@" + Integer.toHexString(n.hashCode()));
+    }
+
+    static int test7(MyValue7UnloadedInlineTypeArray[][] arr) {
+        if (arr != null) {
+            return arr[0][1].foo;
+        } else {
+            return 1234;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void verifyTest7() {
+        int n = 50000;
+
+        int m = 9999;
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            m = test7(null);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(m, 1234);
+
+        MyValue7UnloadedInlineTypeArray[][] arr = { (MyValue7UnloadedInlineTypeArray[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue7UnloadedInlineTypeArray.class, 2),
+                             (MyValue7UnloadedInlineTypeArray[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue7UnloadedInlineTypeArray.class, 2) };
+        Object[] oa = arr[1];
+        Asserts.assertEQ(oa[0], null);
+
+        arr[0][1] = new MyValue7UnloadedInlineTypeArray(5678);
+        m = 9999;
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            m = test7(arr);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(m, 5678);
+    }
+
+    static int test7Nullable(MyValue7UnloadedInlineTypeArray[][] arr) {
+        if (arr != null) {
+            arr[0][0] = null;
+            return arr[0][1].foo;
+        } else {
+            return 1234;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void verifyTest7Nullable() {
+        int n = 50000;
+
+        int m = 9999;
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            m = test7Nullable(null);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(m, 1234);
+
+        MyValue7UnloadedInlineTypeArray[][] arr = new MyValue7UnloadedInlineTypeArray[2][2];
+        Object[] oa = arr[1];
+        Asserts.assertEQ(oa[0], null);
+
+        arr[0][1] = new MyValue7UnloadedInlineTypeArray(5678);
+        m = 9999;
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            m = test7Nullable(arr);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEQ(m, 5678);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(arr[0][0], null);
+    }
+
+    static void test8() {
+        MyValue8UnloadedInlineTypeArray a[] = new MyValue8UnloadedInlineTypeArray[0];
+        Asserts.assertEQ(MyValue8_inited, false);
+
+        MyValue8UnloadedInlineTypeArray b[] = (MyValue8UnloadedInlineTypeArray[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue8UnloadedInlineTypeArray.class, 0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(MyValue8_inited, false); // creation of a nullable array doesn't trigger the initialization
+                                                  // of the element's class (same behavior as anewarray and Array.newInstance())
+    }
+
+    static void test9() {
+        MyValue9UnloadedInlineTypeArray a[][] = new MyValue9UnloadedInlineTypeArray[10][0];
+        Asserts.assertEQ(MyValue9_inited, false);
+
+        a[0] = (MyValue9UnloadedInlineTypeArray[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyValue9UnloadedInlineTypeArray.class, 0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(MyValue9_inited, false); // creation of a nullable array doesn't trigger the initialization
+                                                  // of the element's class (same behavior as anewarray and Array.newInstance())
+    }
+
+    static void test10(MyValue10UnloadedInlineTypeArray dummy) {
+        MyValue10UnloadedInlineTypeArray[][] a = { (MyValue10UnloadedInlineTypeArray[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue10UnloadedInlineTypeArray.class, 1, new MyValue10UnloadedInlineTypeArray()) };
+        if (a[0][0].equals(null)) throw new RuntimeException("test10 failed");
+        Asserts.assertNE(a[0][0], null);
+    }
+
+    static void test11(MyValue10UnloadedInlineTypeArray dummy) {
+        MyValue11UnloadedInlineTypeArray[][] a = new MyValue11UnloadedInlineTypeArray[1][1];
+        Asserts.assertEQ(a[0][0], null);
+    }
+
+    static public void main(String[] args) {
+        test1();
+        test1Nullable();
+        verifyTest2();
+        verifyTest2Nullable();
+        verifyTest3();
+        verifyTest3Nullable();
+        verifyTest4();
+        verifyTest4Nullable();
+        verifyTest5();
+        verifyTest6();
+        verifyTest7();
+        verifyTest7Nullable();
+        test8();
+        test9();
+        test10(null);
+        test11(null);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUnloadedInlineTypeField.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUnloadedInlineTypeField.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f7fc75791d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUnloadedInlineTypeField.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1037 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.rI;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test the handling of fields of unloaded value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile hack/GetUnresolvedInlineFieldWrongSignature.java
+ * @compile TestUnloadedInlineTypeField.java
+ * @run driver/timeout=300 ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+public class TestUnloadedInlineTypeField {
+    // Only prevent loading of classes when testing with C1. Load classes
+    // early when executing with C2 to prevent uncommon traps. It's still
+    // beneficial to execute this test with C2 because it also checks handling
+    // of type mismatches.
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        final Scenario[] scenarios = {
+                new Scenario(0),
+                new Scenario(1, "-XX:-UseFieldFlattening"),
+                new Scenario(2, "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:+PatchALot"),
+                new Scenario(3, "-XX:-UseFieldFlattening",
+                                "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:+PatchALot")
+        };
+        InlineTypes.getFramework()
+                   .addScenarios(scenarios)
+                   .addFlags("--enable-preview",
+                             "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                             // Prevent IR Test Framework from loading classes
+                             "-DIgnoreCompilerControls=true",
+                             // Some tests trigger frequent re-compilation. Don't mark them as non-compilable.
+                             "-XX:PerMethodRecompilationCutoff=-1", "-XX:PerBytecodeRecompilationCutoff=-1")
+                   .start();
+    }
+
+    // Test case 1:
+    // The value class field class has been loaded, but the holder class has not been loaded.
+    //
+    //     aload_0
+    //     getfield  MyValue1Holder.v:LMyValue1;
+    //               ^ not loaded      ^ already loaded
+    //
+    // MyValue1 has already been loaded, because it's in the preload attribute of
+    // TestUnloadedInlineTypeField, due to TestUnloadedInlineTypeField.test1_precondition().
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue1 {
+        int foo;
+
+        MyValue1() {
+            foo = rI;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue1Holder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue1 v;
+
+        public MyValue1Holder() {
+            v = new MyValue1();
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static MyValue1 test1_precondition() {
+        return new MyValue1();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public int test1(Object holder) {
+        if (holder != null) {
+            // Don't use MyValue1Holder in the signature, it might trigger class loading
+            return ((MyValue1Holder)holder).v.foo;
+        } else {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test1")
+    public void test1_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp() && !info.isC2CompilationEnabled()) {
+            test1(null);
+        } else {
+            MyValue1Holder holder = new MyValue1Holder();
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test1(holder), rI);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test case 2:
+    // Both the value class field class, and the holder class have not been loaded.
+    //
+    //     aload_0
+    //     getfield  MyValue2Holder.v:LMyValue2;
+    //               ^ not loaded     ^ not loaded
+    //
+    // MyValue2 has not been loaded, because it is not explicitly referenced by
+    // TestUnloadedInlineTypeField.
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue2 {
+        int foo;
+
+        public MyValue2(int n) {
+            foo = n;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue2Holder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue2 v;
+
+        public MyValue2Holder() {
+            v = new MyValue2(rI);
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public int test2(Object holder) {
+        if (holder != null) {
+            // Don't use MyValue2Holder in the signature, it might trigger class loading
+            return ((MyValue2Holder)holder).v.foo;
+        } else {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test2")
+    public void test2_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp() && !info.isC2CompilationEnabled()) {
+            test2(null);
+        } else {
+            MyValue2Holder holder = new MyValue2Holder();
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test2(holder), rI);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test case 4:
+    // Same as case 1, except we use putfield instead of getfield.
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue4 {
+        int foo;
+
+        MyValue4(int n) {
+            foo = n;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue4Holder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue4 v;
+
+        public MyValue4Holder() {
+            v = new MyValue4(0);
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test4(Object holder, MyValue4 v) {
+        if (holder != null) {
+            // Don't use MyValue4Holder in the signature, it might trigger class loading
+            ((MyValue4Holder)holder).v = v;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test4")
+    public void test4_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue4 v = new MyValue4(rI);
+        if (info.isWarmUp() && !info.isC2CompilationEnabled()) {
+            test4(null, v);
+        } else {
+            MyValue4Holder holder = new MyValue4Holder();
+            test4(holder, v);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(holder.v.foo, rI);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test case 5:
+    // Same as case 2, except we use putfield instead of getfield.
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue5 {
+        int foo;
+
+        MyValue5(int n) {
+            foo = n;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue5Holder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue5 v;
+
+        public MyValue5Holder() {
+            v = new MyValue5(0);
+            super();
+        }
+
+        public Object make(int n) {
+            return new MyValue5(n);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test5(Object holder, Object o) {
+        if (holder != null) {
+            // Don't use MyValue5 and MyValue5Holder in the signature, it might trigger class loading
+            MyValue5 v = (MyValue5)o;
+            ((MyValue5Holder)holder).v = v;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test5")
+    public void test5_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp() && !info.isC2CompilationEnabled()) {
+            test5(null, null);
+        } else {
+            MyValue5Holder holder = new MyValue5Holder();
+            Object v = holder.make(rI);
+            test5(holder, v);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(holder.v.foo, rI);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    // Test case 6: (same as test1, except we use getstatic instead of getfield)
+    // The value class field class has been loaded, but the holder class has not been loaded.
+    //
+    //     getstatic  MyValue6Holder.v:LMyValue1;
+    //                ^ not loaded       ^ already loaded
+    //
+    // MyValue6 has already been loaded, because it's in the preload attribute of
+    // TestUnloadedInlineTypeField, due to TestUnloadedInlineTypeField.test1_precondition().
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue6 {
+        int foo;
+
+        MyValue6() {
+            foo = rI;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue6Holder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        static MyValue6 v = new MyValue6();
+    }
+
+    static MyValue6 test6_precondition() {
+        return new MyValue6();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public int test6(int n) {
+        if (n == 0) {
+            return 0;
+        } else {
+            return MyValue6Holder.v.foo + n;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test6")
+    public void test6_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp() && !info.isC2CompilationEnabled()) {
+            test6(0);
+        } else {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test6(rI), 2*rI);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    // Test case 7:  (same as test2, except we use getstatic instead of getfield)
+    // Both the value class field class, and the holder class have not been loaded.
+    //
+    //     getstatic  MyValue7Holder.v:LMyValue7;
+    //                ^ not loaded       ^ not loaded
+    //
+    // MyValue7 has not been loaded, because it is not explicitly referenced by
+    // TestUnloadedInlineTypeField.
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue7 {
+        int foo;
+
+        MyValue7(int n) {
+            foo = n;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue7Holder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        static MyValue7 v = new MyValue7(rI);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public int test7(int n) {
+        if (n == 0) {
+            return 0;
+        } else {
+            return MyValue7Holder.v.foo + n;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test7")
+    public void test7_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp() && !info.isC2CompilationEnabled()) {
+            test7(0);
+        } else {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test7(rI), 2*rI);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test case 8:
+    // Same as case 1, except holder is allocated in test method (-> no holder null check required)
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue8 {
+        int foo;
+
+        MyValue8() {
+            foo = rI;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue8Holder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue8 v;
+
+        public MyValue8Holder() {
+            v = new MyValue8();
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static MyValue8 test8_precondition() {
+        return new MyValue8();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public int test8(boolean warmup) {
+        if (!warmup) {
+            MyValue8Holder holder = new MyValue8Holder();
+            return holder.v.foo;
+        } else {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test8")
+    public void test8_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp() && !info.isC2CompilationEnabled()) {
+            test8(true);
+        } else {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test8(false), rI);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test case 9:
+    // Same as case 2, except holder is allocated in test method (-> no holder null check required)
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue9 {
+        int foo;
+
+        public MyValue9(int n) {
+            foo = n;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue9Holder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue9 v;
+
+        public MyValue9Holder() {
+            v = new MyValue9(rI);
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public int test9(boolean warmup) {
+        if (!warmup) {
+            MyValue9Holder holder = new MyValue9Holder();
+            return holder.v.foo;
+        } else {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test9")
+    public void test9_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp() && !info.isC2CompilationEnabled()) {
+            test9(true);
+        } else {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test9(false), rI);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test case 11:
+    // Same as case 4, except holder is allocated in test method (-> no holder null check required)
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue11 {
+        int foo;
+
+        MyValue11(int n) {
+            foo = n;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue11Holder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue11 v;
+
+        public MyValue11Holder() {
+            v = new MyValue11(0);
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object test11(boolean warmup, MyValue11 v) {
+        if (!warmup) {
+            MyValue11Holder holder = new MyValue11Holder();
+            holder.v = v;
+            return holder;
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test11")
+    public void test11_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        MyValue11 v = new MyValue11(rI);
+        if (info.isWarmUp() && !info.isC2CompilationEnabled()) {
+            test11(true, v);
+        } else {
+            MyValue11Holder holder = (MyValue11Holder)test11(false, v);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(holder.v.foo, rI);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test case 12:
+    // Same as case 5, except holder is allocated in test method (-> no holder null check required)
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue12 {
+        int foo;
+
+        MyValue12(int n) {
+            foo = n;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue12Holder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue12 v;
+
+        public MyValue12Holder() {
+            v = new MyValue12(0);
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object test12(boolean warmup, Object o) {
+        if (!warmup) {
+            // Don't use MyValue12 in the signature, it might trigger class loading
+            MyValue12Holder holder = new MyValue12Holder();
+            holder.v = (MyValue12)o;
+            return holder;
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test12")
+    public void test12_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp() && !info.isC2CompilationEnabled()) {
+            test12(true, null);
+        } else {
+            MyValue12 v = new MyValue12(rI);
+            MyValue12Holder holder = (MyValue12Holder)test12(false, v);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(holder.v.foo, rI);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test case 13:
+    // Same as case 10, except MyValue13 is allocated in test method
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue13 {
+        int foo;
+
+        public MyValue13() {
+            foo = rI;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue13Holder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue13 v;
+
+        public MyValue13Holder() {
+            v = new MyValue13();
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static MyValue13 test13_precondition() {
+        return new MyValue13();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test13(Object holder) {
+        // Don't use MyValue13Holder in the signature, it might trigger class loading
+        GetUnresolvedInlineFieldWrongSignature.test13(holder);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test13")
+    public void test13_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp() && !info.isC2CompilationEnabled()) {
+            test13(null);
+        } else {
+            // Make sure klass is resolved
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+                test13(new MyValue13Holder());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test case 15:
+    // Same as case 13, except MyValue15 is unloaded
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue15 {
+        int foo;
+
+        public MyValue15() {
+            foo = rI;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue15Holder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue15 v;
+
+        public MyValue15Holder() {
+            v = new MyValue15();
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test15(Object holder) {
+        // Don't use MyValue15Holder in the signature, it might trigger class loading
+        GetUnresolvedInlineFieldWrongSignature.test15(holder);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test15")
+    public void test15_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp() && !info.isC2CompilationEnabled()) {
+            test15(null);
+        } else {
+            // Make sure klass is resolved
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+                test15(new MyValue15Holder());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test case 16:
+    // Value class with field which is not a value class
+    static class MyValue16 {
+        int foo;
+
+        public MyValue16() {
+            foo = rI;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static MyValue16 test16_precondition() {
+        return new MyValue16();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object test16(boolean warmup) {
+        return GetUnresolvedInlineFieldWrongSignature.test16(warmup);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test16")
+    public void test16_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp() && !info.isC2CompilationEnabled()) {
+            test16(true);
+        } else {
+            // Make sure klass is resolved
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+                test16(false);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test case 17:
+    // Same as test16 but with unloaded type at init
+    static class MyValue17 {
+        int foo;
+
+        public MyValue17() {
+            foo = rI;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public Object test17(boolean warmup) {
+        return GetUnresolvedInlineFieldWrongSignature.test17(warmup);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test17")
+    public void test17_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        if (info.isWarmUp() && !info.isC2CompilationEnabled()) {
+            test17(true);
+        } else {
+            // Make sure klass is resolved
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+                test17(false);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test case 18:
+    // Same as test7 but with the holder being loaded
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue18 {
+        int foo;
+
+        MyValue18(int n) {
+            foo = n;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue18Holder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        static MyValue18 v = new MyValue18(rI);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public int test18(int n) {
+        if (n == 0) {
+            return 0;
+        } else {
+            return MyValue18Holder.v.foo + n;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test18")
+    public void test18_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        // Make sure MyValue18Holder is loaded
+        MyValue18Holder holder = new MyValue18Holder();
+        if (info.isWarmUp() && !info.isC2CompilationEnabled()) {
+            test18(0);
+        } else {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test18(rI), 2*rI);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test case 19:
+    // Same as test18 but uninitialized (null) static value class field
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue19 {
+        int foo;
+
+        MyValue19(int n) {
+            foo = n;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue19Holder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        static MyValue19 v = new MyValue19(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public int test19(int n) {
+        if (n == 0) {
+            return 0;
+        } else {
+            return MyValue19Holder.v.foo + n;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test19")
+    public void test19_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        // Make sure MyValue19Holder is loaded
+        MyValue19Holder holder = new MyValue19Holder();
+        if (info.isWarmUp() && !info.isC2CompilationEnabled()) {
+            test19(0);
+        } else {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test19(rI), rI);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test case 20:
+    // Value class with object field of unloaded type.
+    static class MyObject20 {
+        int x = 42;
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue20 {
+        MyObject20 obj;
+
+        MyValue20() {
+            this.obj = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public MyValue20 test20() {
+        return new MyValue20();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test20")
+    public void test20_verifier() {
+        MyValue20 vt = test20();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt.obj, null);
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test21ClassA {
+        static Test21ClassB b;
+        @NullRestricted
+        static Test21ClassC c = new Test21ClassC();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test21ClassB {
+        static int x = Test21ClassA.c.x;
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test21ClassC {
+        int x = 42;
+    }
+
+    // Test access to static value class field with unloaded type
+    @Test
+    public Object test21() {
+        return new Test21ClassA();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test21")
+    public void test21_verifier() {
+        Object ret = test21();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(Test21ClassA.b.x, 42);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(Test21ClassA.c.x, 42);
+    }
+
+    static boolean test22FailInit = true;
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test22ClassA {
+        int x = 0;
+        @NullRestricted
+        static Test22ClassB b = new Test22ClassB();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test22ClassB {
+        int x = 0;
+        static {
+            if (test22FailInit) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Init failed");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test that load from static field of uninitialized value class throws an exception
+    @Test
+    public Object test22() {
+        return Test22ClassA.b;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test22")
+    public void test22_verifier() {
+        // Trigger initialization error in Test22ClassB
+        try {
+            Test22ClassB b = new Test22ClassB();
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should have thrown error during initialization");
+        } catch (ExceptionInInitializerError | NoClassDefFoundError e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            test22();
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should have thrown NoClassDefFoundError");
+        } catch (NoClassDefFoundError e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    static boolean test23FailInit = true;
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test23ClassA {
+        int x = 0;
+        @NullRestricted
+        static Test23ClassB b = new Test23ClassB();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test23ClassB {
+        static {
+            if (test23FailInit) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Init failed");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test22 but with empty ClassB
+    @Test
+    public Object test23() {
+        return Test23ClassA.b;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test23")
+    public void test23_verifier() {
+        // Trigger initialization error in Test23ClassB
+        try {
+            Test23ClassB b = new Test23ClassB();
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should have thrown error during initialization");
+        } catch (ExceptionInInitializerError | NoClassDefFoundError e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            test23();
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should have thrown NoClassDefFoundError");
+        } catch (NoClassDefFoundError e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    static boolean test24FailInit = true;
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test24ClassA {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Test24ClassB b = new Test24ClassB();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test24ClassB {
+        int x = 0;
+        static {
+            if (test24FailInit) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Init failed");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test that access to non-static field of uninitialized value class throws an exception
+    @Test
+    public Object test24() {
+        return (new Test24ClassA()).b.x;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test24")
+    public void test24_verifier() {
+        // Trigger initialization error in Test24ClassB
+        try {
+            Test24ClassB b = new Test24ClassB();
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should have thrown error during initialization");
+        } catch (ExceptionInInitializerError | NoClassDefFoundError e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            test24();
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should have thrown NoClassDefFoundError");
+        } catch (NoClassDefFoundError e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    static boolean test25FailInit = true;
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test25ClassA {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Test25ClassB b = new Test25ClassB();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test25ClassB {
+        int x = 24;
+        static {
+            if (test25FailInit) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Init failed");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test24 but with field access outside of test method
+    @Test
+    public Test25ClassB test25() {
+        return (new Test25ClassA()).b;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test25")
+    public void test25_verifier() {
+        // Trigger initialization error in Test25ClassB
+        try {
+            Test25ClassB b = new Test25ClassB();
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should have thrown error during initialization");
+        } catch (ExceptionInInitializerError | NoClassDefFoundError e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            Test25ClassB res = test25();
+            Asserts.assertEQ(res.x, 0);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should have thrown NoClassDefFoundError");
+        } catch (NoClassDefFoundError e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    static boolean test26FailInit = true;
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test26ClassA {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Test26ClassB b = new Test26ClassB();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Test26ClassB {
+        static {
+            if (test26FailInit) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Init failed");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test25 but with empty ClassB
+    @Test
+    public Object test26() {
+        return (new Test26ClassA()).b;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test26")
+    public void test26_verifier() {
+        // Trigger initialization error in Test26ClassB
+        try {
+            Test26ClassB b = new Test26ClassB();
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should have thrown error during initialization");
+        } catch (ExceptionInInitializerError | NoClassDefFoundError e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+        try {
+            test26();
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should have thrown NoClassDefFoundError");
+        } catch (NoClassDefFoundError e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue27 {
+        int foo = 42;
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue27Holder {
+        MyValue27 v;
+    }
+
+    // Make sure MyValue27Holder is loaded but MyValue27 is not
+    Class test27Class = MyValue27Holder.class;
+
+    // Test unloaded value class field load from loaded holder
+    @Test
+    public static Object test27() {
+        MyValue27Holder holder = new MyValue27Holder();
+        return holder.v;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test27")
+    public void test27_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test27(), null);
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue28 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        static MyValue28 field1 = new MyValue28();
+    }
+
+    // Test null store to null restricted field with unloaded holder
+    @Test
+    public static void test28() {
+        MyValue28.field1 = null;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test28")
+    @Warmup(0) // Make sure that MyValue28 is not loaded
+    public void test28_verifier() {
+        try {
+            test28();
+            throw new RuntimeException("No exception thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUnloadedReturnTypes.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUnloadedReturnTypes.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6044fa53675
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUnloadedReturnTypes.java
@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test scalarization in returns with unloaded return types.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnloadedReturnTypes
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:-PreloadClasses
+ *                   -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnloadedReturnTypes
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:-PreloadClasses -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnloadedReturnTypes
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+value class MyValue1UnloadedRetTypes {
+    int x;
+
+    public MyValue1UnloadedRetTypes(int x) {
+        this.x = x;
+    }
+}
+
+class MyHolder1 {
+    static MyValue1UnloadedRetTypes test1(boolean b) {
+        return b ? new MyValue1UnloadedRetTypes(42) : null;
+    }
+}
+
+// Uses all registers available for scalarized return on x64
+value class MyValue2UnloadedRetTypes {
+    int i1 = 42;
+    int i2 = 43;
+    int i3 = 44;
+    int i4 = 45;
+    int i5 = 46;
+    double d1 = 47;
+    double d2 = 48;
+    double d3 = 49;
+    double d4 = 50;
+    double d5 = 51;
+    double d6 = 52;
+    double d7 = 53;
+    double d8 = 54;
+}
+
+class MyHolder2Super {
+    public MyValue2UnloadedRetTypes test2Virtual(boolean loadIt) {
+        if (loadIt) {
+            return new MyValue2UnloadedRetTypes();
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+}
+
+class MyHolder2 extends MyHolder2Super {
+    public MyValue2UnloadedRetTypes test2(boolean loadIt) {
+        if (loadIt) {
+            return new MyValue2UnloadedRetTypes();
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public MyValue2UnloadedRetTypes test2Virtual(boolean loadIt) {
+        if (loadIt) {
+            return new MyValue2UnloadedRetTypes();
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+}
+
+// Uses all registers available for scalarized return on AArch64
+value class MyValue3UnloadedRetTypes {
+    int i1 = 42;
+    int i2 = 43;
+    int i3 = 44;
+    int i4 = 45;
+    int i5 = 46;
+    int i6 = 47;
+    int i7 = 48;
+    double d1 = 49;
+    double d2 = 50;
+    double d3 = 51;
+    double d4 = 52;
+    double d5 = 53;
+    double d6 = 54;
+    double d7 = 55;
+    double d8 = 56;
+}
+
+class MyHolder3Super {
+    public MyValue3UnloadedRetTypes test3Virtual(boolean loadIt) {
+        if (loadIt) {
+            return new MyValue3UnloadedRetTypes();
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+}
+
+class MyHolder3 extends MyHolder3Super {
+    public MyValue3UnloadedRetTypes test3(boolean loadIt) {
+        if (loadIt) {
+            return new MyValue3UnloadedRetTypes();
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public MyValue3UnloadedRetTypes test3Virtual(boolean loadIt) {
+        if (loadIt) {
+            return new MyValue3UnloadedRetTypes();
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+}
+
+public class TestUnloadedReturnTypes {
+    public static final WhiteBox WHITE_BOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+
+    static Object res = null;
+
+    public static void test1(boolean b) {
+        res = MyHolder1.test1(b);
+    }
+
+    public static Object test2(MyHolder2 h, boolean loadIt) {
+        return h.test2(loadIt);
+    }
+
+    public static Object test2Virtual(MyHolder2Super h, boolean loadIt) {
+        return h.test2Virtual(loadIt);
+    }
+
+    public static Object test3(MyHolder3 h, boolean loadIt) {
+        return h.test3(loadIt);
+    }
+
+    public static Object test3Virtual(MyHolder3Super h, boolean loadIt) {
+        return h.test3Virtual(loadIt);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        // C1 compile caller method
+        Method m = TestUnloadedReturnTypes.class.getMethod("test1", boolean.class);
+        WHITE_BOX.enqueueMethodForCompilation(m, 3);
+
+        MyHolder2 h2 = new MyHolder2();
+        MyHolder2Super h2Super = new MyHolder2Super();
+        MyHolder3 h3 = new MyHolder3();
+        MyHolder3Super h3Super = new MyHolder3Super();
+
+        // Warmup
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100_000; ++i) {
+            MyHolder1.test1((i % 2) == 0);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test2(h2, false), null);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test2Virtual(h2, false), null);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test2Virtual(h2Super, false), null);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test3(h3, false), null);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test3Virtual(h3, false), null);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(test3Virtual(h3Super, false), null);
+        }
+
+        test1(true);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(((MyValue1UnloadedRetTypes)res).x, 42);
+        test1(false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, null);
+
+        // Deopt and re-compile callee at C2 so it returns scalarized, then deopt again
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100_000; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(h2.test2(true), new MyValue2UnloadedRetTypes());
+            Asserts.assertEquals(h2Super.test2Virtual(true), new MyValue2UnloadedRetTypes());
+            Asserts.assertEquals(h3.test3(true), new MyValue3UnloadedRetTypes());
+            Asserts.assertEquals(h3Super.test3Virtual(true), new MyValue3UnloadedRetTypes());
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test2(h2, true), new MyValue2UnloadedRetTypes());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test2Virtual(h2, true), new MyValue2UnloadedRetTypes());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test2Virtual(h2Super, true), new MyValue2UnloadedRetTypes());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test3(h3, true), new MyValue3UnloadedRetTypes());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test3Virtual(h3, true), new MyValue3UnloadedRetTypes());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test3Virtual(h3Super, true), new MyValue3UnloadedRetTypes());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUnresolvedInlineClass.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUnresolvedInlineClass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4dce286e41f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUnresolvedInlineClass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8187679
+ * @summary The VM should exit gracefully when unable to preload an inline type argument
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @compile SimpleInlineType.java TestUnresolvedInlineClass.java
+ * @run main compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnresolvedInlineClass
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+
+public class TestUnresolvedInlineClass {
+    final static String TEST_CLASSES = System.getProperty("test.classes") + File.separator;
+
+    // Method with unresolved inline type argument
+    static void test1(SimpleInlineType vt) {
+
+    }
+
+    static public void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        if (args.length == 0) {
+            // Delete SimpleInlineType.class
+            File unresolved = new File(TEST_CLASSES, "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/SimpleInlineType.class");
+            if (!unresolved.exists() || !unresolved.delete()) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Could not delete: " + unresolved);
+            }
+
+            // Run test in new VM instance
+            String[] arg = {"--enable-preview", "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-Xlog:class+preload=info", "-XX:+InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestUnresolvedInlineClass", "run"};
+            OutputAnalyzer oa = ProcessTools.executeTestJava(arg);
+
+            // Verify that a warning is printed
+            String output = oa.getOutput();
+            oa.shouldContain("Preloading of class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/SimpleInlineType during linking of class compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUnresolvedInlineClass (cause: LoadableDescriptors attribute) failed");
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueClasses.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueClasses.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7ab9f1b710b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueClasses.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1033 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.*;
+
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test correct handling of value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 0
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test correct handling of value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 1
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test correct handling of value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 2
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test correct handling of value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 3
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test correct handling of value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 4
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test correct handling of value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 5
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test correct handling of value classes.
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} 6
+ */
+
+@ForceCompileClassInitializer
+public class TestValueClasses {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Scenario[] scenarios = InlineTypes.DEFAULT_SCENARIOS;
+        // Don't generate bytecodes but call through runtime for reflective calls
+        scenarios[0].addFlags("-Dsun.reflect.inflationThreshold=10000");
+        scenarios[1].addFlags("-Dsun.reflect.inflationThreshold=10000");
+        scenarios[3].addFlags("-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening");
+        scenarios[4].addFlags("-XX:-UseTLAB", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck");
+
+        InlineTypes.getFramework()
+                   .addScenarios(scenarios[Integer.parseInt(args[0])])
+                   .addHelperClasses(MyValueClass1.class,
+                                     MyValueClass2.class,
+                                     MyValueClass2Inline.class)
+                   .start();
+    }
+
+    static {
+        // Make sure RuntimeException is loaded to prevent uncommon traps in IR verified tests
+        RuntimeException tmp = new RuntimeException("42");
+    }
+
+    private static final MyValueClass1 testValue1 = MyValueClass1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+
+    MyValueClass1 nullValField = null;
+    MyValueClass1 testField1;
+    MyValueClass1 testField2;
+    MyValueClass1 testField3;
+    MyValueClass1 testField4;
+    static MyValueClass1 testField5;
+    static MyValueClass1 testField6;
+    static MyValueClass1 testField7;
+    static MyValueClass1 testField8;
+
+    // Test field loads
+    @Test
+    public long test1(boolean b) {
+        MyValueClass1 val1 = b ? testField3 : MyValueClass1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValueClass1 val2 = b ? testField7 : MyValueClass1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        long res = 0;
+        res += testField1.hash();
+        res += ((Object)testField2 == null) ? 42 : testField2.hash();
+        res += val1.hash();
+        res += testField4.hash();
+
+        res += testField5.hash();
+        res += ((Object)testField6 == null) ? 42 : testField6.hash();
+        res += val2.hash();
+        res += testField8.hash();
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test1")
+    public void test1_verifier() {
+        testField1 = testValue1;
+        testField2 = nullValField;
+        testField3 = testValue1;
+        testField4 = testValue1;
+
+        testField5 = testValue1;
+        testField6 = nullValField;
+        testField7 = testValue1;
+        testField8 = testValue1;
+        long res = test1(true);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, 2*42 + 6*testValue1.hash());
+
+        testField2 = testValue1;
+        testField6 = testValue1;
+        res = test1(false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(res, 8*testValue1.hash());
+    }
+
+    // Test field stores
+    @Test
+    public MyValueClass1 test2(MyValueClass1 val1) {
+        MyValueClass1 ret = MyValueClass1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        MyValueClass1 val2 = MyValueClass1.setV4(testValue1, null);
+        testField1 = testField4;
+        testField2 = val1;
+        testField3 = val2;
+
+        testField5 = ret;
+        testField6 = val1;
+        testField7 = val2;
+        testField8 = testField4;
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test2")
+    public void test2_verifier() {
+        testField4 = testValue1;
+        MyValueClass1 ret = test2(null);
+        MyValueClass1 val2 = MyValueClass1.setV4(testValue1, null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testField1, testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testField2, null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testField3, val2);
+
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testField5, ret);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testField6, null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testField7, val2);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testField8, testField4);
+
+        testField4 = null;
+        test2(null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testField1, testField4);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(testField8, testField4);
+    }
+
+    // Non-value class Wrapper
+    static class Test3Wrapper {
+        MyValueClass1 val;
+
+        public Test3Wrapper(MyValueClass1 val) {
+            this.val = val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test scalarization in safepoint debug info and re-allocation on deopt
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public long test3(boolean deopt, boolean b1, boolean b2, Method m) {
+        MyValueClass1 ret = MyValueClass1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        if (b1) {
+            ret = null;
+        }
+        if (b2) {
+            ret = MyValueClass1.setV4(ret, null);
+        }
+        Test3Wrapper wrapper = new Test3Wrapper(ret);
+        if (deopt) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        long res = ((Object)ret != null && (Object)ret.v4 != null) ? ret.hash() : 42;
+        res += ((Object)wrapper.val != null && (Object)wrapper.val.v4 != null) ? wrapper.val.hash() : 0;
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test3")
+    public void test3_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test3(false, false, false, info.getTest()), 2*testValue1.hash());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test3(false, true, false, info.getTest()), 42L);
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            switch (rI % 4) {
+            case 0:
+                Asserts.assertEquals(test3(true, false, false, info.getTest()), 2*testValue1.hash());
+                break;
+            case 1:
+                Asserts.assertEquals(test3(true, true, false, info.getTest()), 42L);
+                break;
+            case 2:
+                Asserts.assertEquals(test3(true, false, true, info.getTest()), 42L);
+                break;
+            case 3:
+                try {
+                    Asserts.assertEquals(test3(true, true, true, info.getTest()), 42L);
+                    throw new RuntimeException("NullPointerException expected");
+                } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                    // Expected
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test scalarization in safepoint debug info and re-allocation on deopt
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS})
+    public boolean test4(boolean deopt, boolean b, Method m) {
+        MyValueClass1 val = b ? null : MyValueClass1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        Test3Wrapper wrapper = new Test3Wrapper(val);
+        if (deopt) {
+            // Uncommon trap
+            TestFramework.deoptimize(m);
+        }
+        return (Object)wrapper.val == null;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test4")
+    public void test4_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test4(false, true, info.getTest()));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test4(false, false, info.getTest()));
+        if (!info.isWarmUp()) {
+            switch (rI % 2) {
+                case 0:
+                    Asserts.assertTrue(test4(true, true, info.getTest()));
+                    break;
+                case 1:
+                    Asserts.assertFalse(test4(false, false, info.getTest()));
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class SmallNullable2 {
+        float f1;
+        double f2;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public SmallNullable2() {
+            f1 = (float)rL;
+            f2 = (double)rL;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class SmallNullable1 {
+        char c;
+        byte b;
+        short s;
+        int i;
+        SmallNullable2 vt;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public SmallNullable1(boolean useNull) {
+            c = (char)rL;
+            b = (byte)rL;
+            s = (short)rL;
+            i = (int)rL;
+            vt = useNull ? null : new SmallNullable2();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    public SmallNullable1 test5_interpreted(boolean b1, boolean b2) {
+        return b1 ? null : new SmallNullable1(b2);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public SmallNullable1 test5_compiled(boolean b1, boolean b2) {
+        return b1 ? null : new SmallNullable1(b2);
+    }
+
+    SmallNullable1 test5_field1;
+    SmallNullable1 test5_field2;
+
+    // Test scalarization in returns
+    @Test
+    public SmallNullable1 test5(boolean b1, boolean b2) {
+        SmallNullable1 ret = test5_interpreted(b1, b2);
+        if (b1 != ((Object)ret == null)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test5 failed");
+        }
+        test5_field1 = ret;
+        ret = test5_compiled(b1, b2);
+        if (b1 != ((Object)ret == null)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test5 failed");
+        }
+        test5_field2 = ret;
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test5")
+    public void test5_verifier() {
+        SmallNullable1 vt = new SmallNullable1(false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test5(true, false), null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test5_field1, null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test5_field2, null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test5(false, false), vt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test5_field1, vt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test5_field2, vt);
+        vt = new SmallNullable1(true);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test5(true, true), null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test5_field1, null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test5_field2, null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test5(false, true), vt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test5_field1, vt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test5_field2, vt);
+    }
+
+    static value class Empty2 {
+
+    }
+
+    static value class Empty1 {
+        Empty2 empty2 = new Empty2();
+    }
+
+    static value class Container {
+        int x = 0;
+        Empty1 empty1;
+        Empty2 empty2 = new Empty2();
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public Container(Empty1 val) {
+            empty1 = val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public static Empty1 test6_helper1(Empty1 vt) {
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public static Empty2 test6_helper2(Empty2 vt) {
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public static Container test6_helper3(Container vt) {
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    // Test scalarization in calls and returns with empty value classes
+    @Test
+    public Empty1 test6(Empty1 vt) {
+        Empty1 empty1 = test6_helper1(vt);
+        test6_helper2((empty1 != null) ? empty1.empty2 : null);
+        Container c = test6_helper3(new Container(empty1));
+        return c.empty1;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test6")
+    @Warmup(10000) // Warmup to make sure helper methods are compiled as well
+    public void test6_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test6(new Empty1()), new Empty1());
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test6(null), null);
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    public void test7_helper2(boolean doit) {
+        if (doit) {
+            // uncommon trap
+            try {
+                TestFramework.deoptimize(getClass().getDeclaredMethod("test7", boolean.class, boolean.class, boolean.class));
+            } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
+                throw new RuntimeException(e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test deoptimization at call return with value object returned in registers
+    @DontInline
+    public SmallNullable1 test7_helper1(boolean deopt, boolean b1, boolean b2) {
+        test7_helper2(deopt);
+        return b1 ? null : new SmallNullable1(b2);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public SmallNullable1 test7(boolean flag, boolean b1, boolean b2) {
+        return test7_helper1(flag, b1, b2);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test7")
+    @Warmup(10000)
+    public void test7_verifier(RunInfo info) {
+        boolean b1 = ((rI % 3) == 0);
+        boolean b2 = ((rI % 3) == 1);
+        SmallNullable1 result = test7(!info.isWarmUp(), b1, b2);
+        SmallNullable1 vt = new SmallNullable1(b2);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, b1 ? null : vt);
+    }
+
+    // Test calling a method returning a value class as fields via reflection
+    @Test
+    public SmallNullable1 test8(boolean b1, boolean b2) {
+        return b1 ? null : new SmallNullable1(b2);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test8")
+    public void test8_verifier() throws Exception {
+        Method m = getClass().getDeclaredMethod("test8", boolean.class, boolean.class);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(m.invoke(this, false, true), new SmallNullable1(true));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(m.invoke(this, false, false), new SmallNullable1(false));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(m.invoke(this, true, false), null);
+    }
+
+    // Test value classes as arg/return
+    @Test
+    public SmallNullable1 test9(MyValueClass1 vt1, MyValueClass1 vt2, boolean b1, boolean b2) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vt1, testValue1);
+        if (b1) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(vt2, null);
+        } else {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(vt2, testValue1);
+        }
+        return b1 ? null : new SmallNullable1(b2);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test9")
+    public void test9_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test9(testValue1, testValue1, false, true), new SmallNullable1(true));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test9(testValue1, testValue1, false, false), new SmallNullable1(false));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test9(testValue1, null, true, false), null);
+    }
+
+    // Class.cast
+    @Test
+    public Object test10(Class c, MyValueClass1 vt) {
+        return c.cast(vt);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test10")
+    public void test10_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test10(MyValueClass1.class, testValue1), testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test10(MyValueClass1.class, null), null);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test10(Integer.class, null), null);
+        try {
+            test10(MyValueClass2.class, testValue1);
+            throw new RuntimeException("ClassCastException expected");
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test acmp
+    @Test
+    public boolean test12(MyValueClass1 vt1, MyValueClass1 vt2) {
+        return vt1 == vt2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test12")
+    public void test12_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test12(testValue1, testValue1));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test12(null, null));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test12(testValue1, null));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test12(null, testValue1));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test12(testValue1, MyValueClass1.createDefaultInline()));
+    }
+
+    // Same as test13 but with Object argument
+    @Test
+    public boolean test13(Object obj, MyValueClass1 vt2) {
+        return obj == vt2;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test13")
+    public void test13_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test13(testValue1, testValue1));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test13(null, null));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test13(testValue1, null));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test13(null, testValue1));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test13(testValue1, MyValueClass1.createDefaultInline()));
+    }
+
+    static MyValueClass1 test14_field1;
+    static MyValueClass1 test14_field2;
+
+    // Test buffer checks emitted by acmp followed by buffering
+    @Test
+    public boolean test14(MyValueClass1 vt1, MyValueClass1 vt2) {
+        // Trigger buffer checks
+        if (vt1 != vt2) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should be equal");
+        }
+        if (vt2 != vt1) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should be equal");
+        }
+        // Trigger buffering
+        test14_field1 = vt1;
+        test14_field2 = vt2;
+        return vt1 == null;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test14")
+    public void test14_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertFalse(test14(testValue1, testValue1));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(test14(null, null));
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyValueClass1 test15_helper1(MyValueClass1 vt) {
+        return vt;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValueClass1 test15_helper2(MyValueClass1 vt) {
+        return test15_helper1(vt);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValueClass1 test15_helper3(Object vt) {
+        return test15_helper2((MyValueClass1)vt);
+    }
+
+    // Test that calling convention optimization prevents buffering of arguments
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
+        counts = {ALLOC, " <= 7"}) // 6 MyValueClass2/MyValueClass2Inline allocations + 1 Integer allocation (if not the all-zero value)
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false"},
+        counts = {ALLOC, " <= 8"}) // 1 MyValueClass1 allocation + 6 MyValueClass2/MyValueClass2Inline allocations + 1 Integer allocation (if not the all-zero value)
+    public MyValueClass1 test15(MyValueClass1 vt) {
+        MyValueClass1 res = test15_helper1(vt);
+        vt = MyValueClass1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        test15_helper1(vt);
+        test15_helper2(vt);
+        test15_helper3(vt);
+        vt.dontInline(vt);
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test15")
+    public void test15_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test15(testValue1), testValue1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test15(null), null);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyValueClass2 test16_helper1(boolean b) {
+        return b ? null : MyValueClass2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValueClass2 test16_helper2() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public MyValueClass2 test16_helper3(boolean b) {
+        return b ? null : MyValueClass2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD);
+    }
+
+    // Test that calling convention optimization prevents buffering of return values
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"},
+        counts = {ALLOC, " <= 1"}) // 1 MyValueClass2Inline allocation (if not the all-zero value)
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "false"},
+        counts = {ALLOC, " <= 2"}) // 1 MyValueClass2 + 1 MyValueClass2Inline allocation  (if not the all-zero value)
+    public MyValueClass2 test16(int c, boolean b) {
+        MyValueClass2 res = null;
+        if (c == 1) {
+            res = test16_helper1(b);
+        } else if (c == 2) {
+            res = test16_helper2();
+        } else if (c == 3) {
+            res = test16_helper3(b);
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test16")
+    public void test16_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(null, test16(0, false));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(MyValueClass2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD), test16(1, false));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(null, test16(1, true));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(null, test16(2, false));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(MyValueClass2.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rD), test16(3, false));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(null, test16(3, true));
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyPrimitive17 {
+        MyValueClass1 nonFlattened;
+
+        public MyPrimitive17(MyValueClass1 val) {
+            this.nonFlattened = val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue17 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyPrimitive17 flattened;
+
+        public MyValue17(boolean b) {
+            this.flattened = new MyPrimitive17(b ? null : testValue1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    public MyValue17 test17_interpreted(boolean b1, boolean b2) {
+        return b1 ? null : new MyValue17(b2);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public MyValue17 test17_compiled(boolean b1, boolean b2) {
+        return b1 ? null : new MyValue17(b2);
+    }
+
+    MyValue17 test17_field1;
+    MyValue17 test17_field2;
+
+    // Test handling of null when mixing nullable and null-restricted fields
+    @Test
+    public MyValue17 test17(boolean b1, boolean b2) {
+        MyValue17 ret = test17_interpreted(b1, b2);
+        if (b1 != ((Object)ret == null)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test17 failed");
+        }
+        test17_field1 = ret;
+        ret = test17_compiled(b1, b2);
+        if (b1 != ((Object)ret == null)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test17 failed");
+        }
+        test17_field2 = ret;
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test17")
+    public void test17_verifier() {
+        MyValue17 vt = new MyValue17(false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test17(true, false), null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test17_field1, null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test17_field2, null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test17(false, false), vt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test17_field1, vt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test17_field2, vt);
+        vt = new MyValue17(true);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test17(true, true), null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test17_field1, null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test17_field2, null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test17(false, true), vt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test17_field1, vt);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test17_field2, vt);
+    }
+
+    // Uses all registers available for returning values on x86_64
+    static value class UseAllRegs {
+        long l1;
+        long l2;
+        long l3;
+        long l4;
+        long l5;
+        long l6;
+        double d1;
+        double d2;
+        double d3;
+        double d4;
+        double d5;
+        double d6;
+        double d7;
+        double d8;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public UseAllRegs(long l1, long l2, long l3, long l4, long l5, long l6,
+                          double d1, double d2, double d3, double d4, double d5, double d6, double d7, double d8) {
+            this.l1 = l1;
+            this.l2 = l2;
+            this.l3 = l3;
+            this.l4 = l4;
+            this.l5 = l5;
+            this.l6 = l6;
+            this.d1 = d1;
+            this.d2 = d2;
+            this.d3 = d3;
+            this.d4 = d4;
+            this.d5 = d5;
+            this.d6 = d6;
+            this.d7 = d7;
+            this.d8 = d8;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public UseAllRegs test18_helper1(UseAllRegs val, long a, long b, long c, long d, long e, long f, long g, long h, long i, long j) {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(a & b & c & d & e & f & g & h & i & j, 0L);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    public UseAllRegs test18_helper2(UseAllRegs val, long a, long b, long c, long d, long e, long f, long g, long h, long i, long j) {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(a & b & c & d & e & f & g & h & i & j, 0L);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    static boolean test18_b;
+
+    // Methods with no arguments (no stack slots reserved for incoming args)
+    @DontInline
+    public static UseAllRegs test18_helper3() {
+        return test18_b ? null : new UseAllRegs(rL + 1, rL + 2, rL + 3, rL + 4, rL + 5, rL + 6, rL + 7, rL + 8, rL + 9, rL + 10, rL + 11, rL + 12, rL + 13, rL + 14);
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    public static UseAllRegs test18_helper4() {
+        return test18_b ? null : test18_helper3();
+    }
+
+    // Test proper register allocation of isInit projection of a call in C2
+    @Test
+    public UseAllRegs test18(boolean b, long val1, long l1, long val2, long l2, long val3, long l3, long val4, long l4, long val5, long l5, long val6, long l6,
+                             long val7, double d1, long val8, double d2, long val9, double d3, long val10, double d4, long val11, double d5, long val12, double d6, long val13, double d7, long val14, double d8, long val15) {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val1, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val2, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val3, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val4, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val5, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val6, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val7, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val8, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val9, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val10, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val11, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val12, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val13, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val14, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val15, rL);
+        UseAllRegs val = b ? null : new UseAllRegs(l1, l2, l3, l4, l5, l6, d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6, d7, d8);
+        val = test18_helper1(val, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+        val = test18_helper2(val, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val1, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val2, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val3, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val4, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val5, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val6, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val7, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val8, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val9, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val10, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val11, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val12, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val13, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val14, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val15, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test18_helper3(), val);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test18_helper4(), val);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test18")
+    public void test18_verifier() {
+        UseAllRegs val = new UseAllRegs(rL + 1, rL + 2, rL + 3, rL + 4, rL + 5, rL + 6, rL + 7, rL + 8, rL + 9, rL + 10, rL + 11, rL + 12, rL + 13, rL + 14);
+        test18_b = false;
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test18(false, rL, rL + 1, rL, rL + 2, rL, rL + 3, rL, rL + 4, rL, rL + 5, rL, rL + 6,
+                                    rL, rL + 7, rL, rL + 8, rL, rL + 9, rL, rL + 10, rL, rL + 11, rL, rL + 12, rL, rL + 13, rL, rL + 14, rL), val);
+        test18_b = true;
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test18(true, rL, rL + 1, rL, rL + 2, rL, rL + 3, rL, rL + 4, rL, rL + 5, rL, rL + 6,
+                                    rL, rL + 7, rL, rL + 8, rL, rL + 9, rL, rL + 10, rL, rL + 11, rL, rL + 12, rL, rL + 13, rL, rL + 14, rL), null);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    static public UseAllRegs test19_helper() {
+        return new UseAllRegs(rL + 1, rL + 2, rL + 3, rL + 4, rL + 5, rL + 6, rL + 7, rL + 8, rL + 9, rL + 10, rL + 11, rL + 12, rL + 13, rL + 14);
+    }
+
+    // Test proper register allocation of isInit projection of a call in C2
+    @Test
+    static public void test19(long a, long b, long c, long d, long e, long f) {
+        if (test19_helper() == null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test19 failed: Unexpected null");
+        }
+        if ((a & b & c & d & e & f) != 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test19 failed: Unexpected argument values");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test19")
+    public void test19_verifier() {
+        test19(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+    }
+
+    // Uses almost all registers available for returning values on x86_64
+    static value class UseAlmostAllRegs {
+        long l1;
+        long l2;
+        long l3;
+        long l4;
+        long l5;
+        double d1;
+        double d2;
+        double d3;
+        double d4;
+        double d5;
+        double d6;
+        double d7;
+
+        @ForceInline
+        public UseAlmostAllRegs(long l1, long l2, long l3, long l4, long l5,
+                                double d1, double d2, double d3, double d4, double d5, double d6, double d7) {
+            this.l1 = l1;
+            this.l2 = l2;
+            this.l3 = l3;
+            this.l4 = l4;
+            this.l5 = l5;
+            this.d1 = d1;
+            this.d2 = d2;
+            this.d3 = d3;
+            this.d4 = d4;
+            this.d5 = d5;
+            this.d6 = d6;
+            this.d7 = d7;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    public UseAlmostAllRegs test20_helper1(UseAlmostAllRegs val, long a, long b, long c, long d, long e, long f, long g, long h, long i, long j) {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(a & b & c & d & e & f & g & h & i & j, 0L);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    public UseAlmostAllRegs test20_helper2(UseAlmostAllRegs val, long a, long b, long c, long d, long e, long f, long g, long h, long i, long j) {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(a & b & c & d & e & f & g & h & i & j, 0L);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    static boolean test20_b;
+
+    // Methods with no arguments (no stack slots reserved for incoming args)
+    @DontInline
+    public static UseAlmostAllRegs test20_helper3() {
+        return test20_b ? null : new UseAlmostAllRegs(rL + 1, rL + 2, rL + 3, rL + 4, rL + 5, rL + 6, rL + 7, rL + 8, rL + 9, rL + 10, rL + 11, rL + 12);
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    public static UseAlmostAllRegs test20_helper4() {
+        return test20_b ? null : test20_helper3();
+    }
+
+    // Test proper register allocation of isInit projection of a call in C2
+    @Test
+    public UseAlmostAllRegs test20(boolean b, long val1, long l1, long val2, long l2, long val3, long l3, long val4, long l4, long val5, long l5, long val6,
+                                   long val7, double d1, long val8, double d2, long val9, double d3, long val10, double d4, long val11, double d5, long val12, double d6, long val13, double d7, long val14, long val15) {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val1, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val2, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val3, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val4, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val5, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val6, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val7, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val8, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val9, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val10, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val11, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val12, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val13, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val14, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val15, rL);
+        UseAlmostAllRegs val = b ? null : new UseAlmostAllRegs(l1, l2, l3, l4, l5, d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6, d7);
+        val = test20_helper1(val, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+        val = test20_helper2(val, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val1, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val2, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val3, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val4, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val5, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val6, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val7, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val8, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val9, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val10, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val11, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val12, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val13, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val14, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(val15, rL);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test20_helper3(), val);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test20_helper4(), val);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test20")
+    public void test20_verifier() {
+        UseAlmostAllRegs val = new UseAlmostAllRegs(rL + 1, rL + 2, rL + 3, rL + 4, rL + 5, rL + 6, rL + 7, rL + 8, rL + 9, rL + 10, rL + 11, rL + 12);
+        test20_b = false;
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test20(false, rL, rL + 1, rL, rL + 2, rL, rL + 3, rL, rL + 4, rL, rL + 5, rL,
+                                    rL, rL + 6, rL, rL + 7, rL, rL + 8, rL, rL + 9, rL, rL + 10, rL, rL + 11, rL, rL + 12, rL, rL), val);
+        test20_b = true;
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test20(true, rL, rL + 1, rL, rL + 2, rL, rL + 3, rL, rL + 4, rL, rL + 5, rL,
+                                    rL, rL + 6, rL, rL + 7, rL, rL + 8, rL, rL + 9, rL, rL + 10, rL, rL + 11, rL, rL + 12, rL, rL), null);
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    static public UseAlmostAllRegs test21_helper() {
+        return new UseAlmostAllRegs(rL + 1, rL + 2, rL + 3, rL + 4, rL + 5, rL + 6, rL + 7, rL + 8, rL + 9, rL + 10, rL + 11, rL + 12);
+    }
+
+    // Test proper register allocation of isInit projection of a call in C2
+    @Test
+    static public void test21(long a, long b, long c, long d, long e, long f) {
+        if (test21_helper() == null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test21 failed: Unexpected null");
+        }
+        if ((a & b & c & d & e & f) != 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("test21 failed: Unexpected argument values");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test21")
+    public void test21_verifier() {
+        test21(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+    }
+
+    static value class ManyOopsValue {
+        Integer i1 = 1;
+        Integer i2 = 2;
+        Integer i3 = 3;
+        Integer i4 = 4;
+        Integer i5 = 5;
+        Integer i6 = 6;
+        Integer i7 = 7;
+        Integer i8 = 8;
+        Integer i9 = 9;
+        Integer i10 = 10;
+        Integer i11 = 11;
+        Integer i12 = 12;
+        Integer i13 = 13;
+        Integer i14 = 14;
+        Integer i15 = 15;
+
+        @DontInline
+        public int sum() {
+            return i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i5 + i6 + i7 + i8 + i9 + i10 + i11 + i12 + i13 + i14 + i15;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Verify that C2 scratch buffer size is large enough to hold many GC barriers used by the entry points
+    @Test
+    static public int test22(ManyOopsValue val) {
+        return val.sum();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test22")
+    @Warmup(10_000)
+    public void test22_verifier() {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test22(new ManyOopsValue()), 120);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueConstruction.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueConstruction.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ad40c09a558
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueConstruction.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1901 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.classfile.Label;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
+import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
+import java.util.Random;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+import test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper;
+
+/**
+ * @test id=Xbatch
+ * @summary Test construction of value objects.
+ * @key randomness
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=400 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=inline,TestValueConstruction::checkDeopt
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestValueConstruction
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=DeoptimizeALot
+ * @key randomness
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=400 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbatch -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+DeoptimizeALot
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=inline,TestValueConstruction::checkDeopt
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestValueConstruction
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=CompileonlyTest
+ * @key randomness
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=400 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*TestValueConstruction::test* -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=inline,TestValueConstruction::checkDeopt
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestValueConstruction
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test id=DontInlineHelper
+ * @summary Test construction of value objects.
+ * @key randomness
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=400 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler*::helper*
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=inline,TestValueConstruction::checkDeopt
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestValueConstruction
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=DontInlineMyValueInit
+ * @key randomness
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=400 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*MyValue*::<init> -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=inline,TestValueConstruction::checkDeopt
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestValueConstruction
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=DontInlineObjectInit
+ * @key randomness
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=400 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*Object::<init> -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=inline,TestValueConstruction::checkDeopt
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestValueConstruction
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=DontInlineObjectInitDeoptimizeALot
+ * @key randomness
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=400 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+DeoptimizeALot -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*Object::<init> -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=inline,TestValueConstruction::checkDeopt
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestValueConstruction
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=DontInlineMyAbstractInit
+ * @key randomness
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=400 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*MyAbstract::<init> -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=inline,TestValueConstruction::checkDeopt
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestValueConstruction
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=StressIncrementalInlining
+ * @key randomness
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=400 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+StressIncrementalInlining
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=inline,TestValueConstruction::checkDeopt
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=MemLimit,*.*,2G~crash
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestValueConstruction
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=StressIncrementalInliningCompileOnlyTest
+ * @key randomness
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=400 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+StressIncrementalInlining
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=inline,TestValueConstruction::checkDeopt
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*TestValueConstruction::test* -Xbatch
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestValueConstruction
+ */
+
+/* @test id=StressIncrementalInliningDontInlineMyValueInit
+ * @key randomness
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=400 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+StressIncrementalInlining
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=inline,TestValueConstruction::checkDeopt
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*MyValue*::<init> -Xbatch
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestValueConstruction
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=StressIncrementalInliningDontInlineObjectInit
+ * @key randomness
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=400 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+StressIncrementalInlining
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=inline,TestValueConstruction::checkDeopt
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*Object::<init> -Xbatch
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestValueConstruction
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=StressIncrementalInliningDontInlineMyAbstractInit
+ * @key randomness
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=400 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+StressIncrementalInlining
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=inline,TestValueConstruction::checkDeopt
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*MyAbstract::<init> -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=MemLimit,*.*,2G~crash
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestValueConstruction
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=StressIncrementalInliningOnStackReplacement
+ * @key randomness
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=400 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+StressIncrementalInlining
+ *                   -XX:Tier0BackedgeNotifyFreqLog=0 -XX:Tier2BackedgeNotifyFreqLog=0 -XX:Tier3BackedgeNotifyFreqLog=0
+ *                   -XX:Tier2BackEdgeThreshold=1 -XX:Tier3BackEdgeThreshold=1 -XX:Tier4BackEdgeThreshold=1 -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=MemLimit,*.*,2G~crash
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestValueConstruction
+ */
+
+public class TestValueConstruction {
+    static final WhiteBox WHITE_BOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+
+    static boolean VERBOSE = false;
+    static boolean[] deopt = new boolean[14];
+    static boolean[] deoptBig = new boolean[24];
+    static boolean[] deoptHuge = new boolean[37];
+
+    static Object o = new Object();
+
+    static void reportDeopt(int deoptNum) {
+        System.out.println("Deopt " + deoptNum + " triggered");
+        if (VERBOSE) {
+            new Exception().printStackTrace(System.out);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Trigger deopts at various places
+    static void checkDeopt(int deoptNum) {
+        if (deopt[deoptNum]) {
+            // C2 will add an uncommon trap here
+            reportDeopt(deoptNum);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Trigger deopts at various places
+    static void checkDeoptBig(int deoptNum) {
+        if (deoptBig[deoptNum]) {
+            // C2 will add an uncommon trap here
+            reportDeopt(deoptNum);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Trigger deopts at various places
+    static void checkDeoptHuge(int deoptNum) {
+        if (deoptHuge[deoptNum]) {
+            // C2 will add an uncommon trap here
+            reportDeopt(deoptNum);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static interface MyInterface {
+
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue1 implements MyInterface {
+        int x;
+
+        public MyValue1(int x) {
+            checkDeopt(0);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeopt(1);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(2);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue1(int x, int deoptNum1, int deoptNum2, int deoptNum3) {
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum1);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum2);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum3);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue1a extends MyAbstract1 implements MyInterface {
+        int x;
+
+        public MyValue1a(int x) {
+            checkDeopt(0);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeopt(1);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(2);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue1a(int x, int deoptNum1, int deoptNum2, int deoptNum3) {
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum1);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum2);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum3);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class AMyValue1 implements MyInterface {
+        int x;
+
+        public AMyValue1(int x) {
+            checkDeopt(3);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeopt(4);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(5);
+        }
+
+        public AMyValue1(int x, int deoptNum1, int deoptNum2, int deoptNum3) {
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum1);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum2);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum3);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue1b extends AMyValue1 implements MyInterface {
+        int x;
+
+        public MyValue1b(int x) {
+            checkDeopt(0);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeopt(1);
+            super(x);
+            checkDeopt(2);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue1b(int x, int deoptNum1, int deoptNum2, int deoptNum3) {
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum1);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum2);
+            super(x, deoptNum1 + 3, deoptNum2 + 3, deoptNum3 + 3);
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum3);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + x;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    static abstract value class MyAbstract1 { }
+
+    static value class MyValue2 extends MyAbstract1 {
+        int x;
+
+        public MyValue2(int x) {
+            checkDeopt(0);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeopt(1);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(2);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class MyAbstract2 {
+        public MyAbstract2(int x) {
+            checkDeopt(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue3 extends MyAbstract2 {
+        int x;
+
+        public MyValue3(int x) {
+            checkDeopt(1);
+            this(x, 0);
+            helper1(this, x, 2); // 'this' escapes through argument
+            helper2(x, 3); // 'this' escapes through receiver
+            checkDeopt(4);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue3(int x, int unused) {
+            this.x = helper3(x, 5);
+            super(x);
+            helper1(this, x, 6); // 'this' escapes through argument
+            helper2(x, 7); // 'this' escapes through receiver
+            checkDeopt(8);
+        }
+
+        public static void helper1(MyValue3 obj, int x, int deoptNum) {
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(obj.x, x);
+        }
+
+        public void helper2(int x, int deoptNum) {
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(this.x, x);
+        }
+
+        public static int helper3(int x, int deoptNum) {
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum);
+            return x;
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class AMyValue3a {
+        int x;
+
+        public AMyValue3a(int x) {
+            this.x = helper3(x, 5);
+            super();
+            helper1(this, x, 6); // 'this' escapes through argument
+            helper2(x, 7); // 'this' escapes through receiver
+            checkDeopt(8);
+        }
+
+        public static void helper1(AMyValue3a obj, int x, int deoptNum) {
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(obj.x, x);
+        }
+
+        public void helper2(int x, int deoptNum) {
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(this.x, x);
+        }
+
+        public static int helper3(int x, int deoptNum) {
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum);
+            return x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue3a extends AMyValue3a {
+        int y;
+
+        public MyValue3a(int y) {
+            checkDeopt(1);
+            this.y = helper3(y, 5);
+            super(y);
+            helper1(this, y, 2); // 'this' escapes through argument
+            helper2(y, 3); // 'this' escapes through receiver
+            checkDeopt(4);
+        }
+
+
+        public static void helper1(MyValue3a obj, int y, int deoptNum) {
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(obj.y, y);
+        }
+
+        public void helper2(int y, int deoptNum) {
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(this.y, y);
+        }
+
+        public static int helper3(int y, int deoptNum) {
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum);
+            return y;
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + y;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue4 {
+        Integer x;
+
+        public MyValue4(int x) {
+            checkDeopt(0);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeopt(1);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(2);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    abstract static value class AMyValue4a {
+        Integer y;
+
+        public AMyValue4a(int y) {
+            checkDeopt(3);
+            this.y = y;
+            checkDeopt(4);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(5);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "y: " + y;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue4a extends AMyValue4a {
+        Integer x;
+
+        public MyValue4a(int x) {
+            checkDeopt(0);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeopt(1);
+            super(x);
+            checkDeopt(2);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue5 extends MyAbstract1 {
+        int x;
+
+        public MyValue5(int x, boolean b) {
+            checkDeopt(0);
+            if (b) {
+                checkDeopt(1);
+                this.x = 42;
+                checkDeopt(2);
+            } else {
+                checkDeopt(3);
+                this.x = x;
+                checkDeopt(4);
+            }
+            checkDeopt(5);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(6);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class AMyValue5a {
+        int y;
+
+        public AMyValue5a(int y, boolean b) {
+            checkDeopt(7);
+            if (b) {
+                checkDeopt(8);
+                this.y = 42;
+                checkDeopt(9);
+            } else {
+                checkDeopt(10);
+                this.y = y;
+                checkDeopt(11);
+            }
+            checkDeopt(12);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(13);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "y: " + y;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue5a extends AMyValue5a {
+        int x;
+
+        public MyValue5a(int x, boolean b) {
+            checkDeopt(0);
+            if (b) {
+                checkDeopt(1);
+                this.x = 42;
+                checkDeopt(2);
+            } else {
+                checkDeopt(3);
+                this.x = x;
+                checkDeopt(4);
+            }
+            checkDeopt(5);
+            super(x, b);
+            checkDeopt(6);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue6 {
+        int x;
+        MyValue1 val1;
+        MyValue1 val2;
+
+        public MyValue6(int x) {
+            checkDeopt(0);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeopt(1);
+            this.val1 = new MyValue1(x, 2, 3, 4);
+            checkDeopt(5);
+            this.val2 = new MyValue1(x + 1, 6, 7, 8);
+            checkDeopt(9);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(10);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + x + ", val1: [" + val1 + "], val2: [" + val2 + "]";
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue6a {
+        int x;
+        MyValue1a val1;
+        MyValue1a val2;
+
+        public MyValue6a(int x) {
+            checkDeopt(0);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeopt(1);
+            this.val1 = new MyValue1a(x, 2, 3, 4);
+            checkDeopt(5);
+            this.val2 = new MyValue1a(x + 1, 6, 7, 8);
+            checkDeopt(9);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(10);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + x + ", val1: [" + val1 + "], val2: [" + val2 + "]";
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue6b {
+        int x;
+        MyValue1b val1;
+        MyValue1b val2;
+
+        public MyValue6b(int x) {
+            checkDeopt(0);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeopt(1);
+            this.val1 = new MyValue1b(x, 2, 3, 4);
+            checkDeopt(5);
+            this.val2 = new MyValue1b(x + 1, 6, 7, 8);
+            checkDeopt(12);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(13);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + x + ", val1: [" + val1 + "], val2: [" + val2 + "]";
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as MyValue6 but unused MyValue1 construction
+    static value class MyValue7 {
+        int x;
+
+        public MyValue7(int x) {
+            checkDeopt(0);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeopt(1);
+            new MyValue1(42, 2, 3, 4);
+            checkDeopt(5);
+            new MyValue1(43, 6, 7, 8);
+            checkDeopt(9);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(10);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as MyValue6 but unused MyValue1 construction
+    static value class MyValue7a {
+        int x;
+
+        public MyValue7a(int x) {
+            checkDeopt(0);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeopt(1);
+            new MyValue1a(42, 2, 3, 4);
+            checkDeopt(5);
+            new MyValue1a(43, 6, 7, 8);
+            checkDeopt(9);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(10);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as MyValue6 but unused MyValue1 construction
+    static value class MyValue7b {
+        int x;
+
+        public MyValue7b(int x) {
+            checkDeopt(0);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeopt(1);
+            new MyValue1b(42, 2, 3, 4);
+            checkDeopt(5);
+            new MyValue1b(43, 6, 7, 8);
+            checkDeopt(12);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(13);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Constructor calling another constructor of the same value class with control flow dependent initialization
+    static value class MyValue8 {
+        int x;
+
+        public MyValue8(int x) {
+            checkDeopt(0);
+            this(x, 0);
+            checkDeopt(1);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue8(int x, int unused1) {
+            checkDeopt(2);
+            if ((x % 2) == 0) {
+                checkDeopt(3);
+                this.x = 42;
+                checkDeopt(4);
+            } else {
+                checkDeopt(5);
+                this.x = x;
+                checkDeopt(6);
+            }
+            checkDeopt(7);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(8);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue8(int x, int unused1, int unused2) {
+            checkDeopt(3);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeopt(4);
+        }
+
+        public static MyValue8 valueOf(int x) {
+            checkDeopt(0);
+            if ((x % 2) == 0) {
+                checkDeopt(1);
+                return new MyValue8(42, 0, 0);
+            } else {
+                checkDeopt(2);
+                return new MyValue8(x, 0, 0);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Constructor calling another constructor of the same value class with control flow dependent initialization
+    static abstract value class AMyValue8a {
+        int y;
+
+        public AMyValue8a(int y) {
+            checkDeoptBig(9);
+            this(y, 0);
+            checkDeoptBig(10);
+        }
+
+        public AMyValue8a(int y, int unused1) {
+            checkDeoptBig(11);
+            if ((y % 2) == 0) {
+                checkDeoptBig(12);
+                this.y = 42;
+                checkDeoptBig(13);
+            } else {
+                checkDeoptBig(14);
+                this.y = y;
+                checkDeoptBig(15);
+            }
+            checkDeoptBig(16);
+            super();
+            checkDeoptBig(17);
+        }
+
+        public AMyValue8a(int y, int unused1, int unused2) {
+            checkDeoptBig(12);
+            this.y = y;
+            checkDeoptBig(13);
+        }
+
+        public static AMyValue8a valueOf(int y) {
+            checkDeoptBig(0);
+            if ((y % 2) == 0) {
+                checkDeoptBig(1);
+                return new MyValue8a(42, 0, 0);
+            } else {
+                checkDeoptBig(2);
+                return new MyValue8a(y, 0, 0);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "y: " + y;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Constructor calling another constructor of the same value class with control flow dependent initialization
+    static value class MyValue8a extends AMyValue8a {
+        int x;
+
+        public MyValue8a(int x) {
+            checkDeoptBig(0);
+            this(x, 0);
+            checkDeoptBig(1);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue8a(int x, int unused1) {
+            checkDeoptBig(2);
+            if ((x % 2) == 0) {
+                checkDeoptBig(3);
+                this.x = 42;
+                checkDeoptBig(4);
+            } else {
+                checkDeoptBig(5);
+                this.x = x;
+                checkDeoptBig(6);
+            }
+            checkDeoptBig(7);
+            super(unused1);
+            checkDeoptBig(8);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue8a(int x, int unused1, int unused2) {
+            checkDeoptBig(3);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeoptBig(4);
+            super(x, unused1, unused2);
+        }
+
+        public static MyValue8a valueOf(int x) {
+            checkDeoptBig(0);
+            if ((x % 2) == 0) {
+                checkDeoptBig(1);
+                return new MyValue8a(42, 0, 0);
+            } else {
+                checkDeoptBig(2);
+                return new MyValue8a(x, 0, 0);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Constructor calling another constructor of a different value class
+    static value class MyValue9 {
+        MyValue8 val;
+
+        public MyValue9(int x) {
+            checkDeopt(9);
+            this(x, 0);
+            checkDeopt(10);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue9(int i, int unused1) {
+            checkDeopt(11);
+            val = new MyValue8(i);
+            checkDeopt(12);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue9(int x, int unused1, int unused2) {
+            checkDeopt(5);
+            this(x, 0, 0, 0);
+            checkDeopt(6);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue9(int i, int unused1, int unused2, int unused3) {
+            checkDeopt(7);
+            val = MyValue8.valueOf(i);
+            checkDeopt(8);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "val: [" + val + "]";
+        }
+    }
+
+    abstract static value class AMyValue9a {
+        AMyValue8a valA;
+
+        public AMyValue9a(int x) {
+            checkDeoptHuge(22);
+            this(x, 0);
+            checkDeoptHuge(23);
+        }
+
+        public AMyValue9a(int i, int unused1) {
+            checkDeoptHuge(24);
+            valA = new MyValue8a(i);
+            checkDeoptHuge(25);
+        }
+
+        public AMyValue9a(int x, int unused1, int unused2) {
+            checkDeoptHuge(18);
+            this(x, 0, 0, 0);
+            checkDeoptHuge(19);
+        }
+
+        public AMyValue9a(int i, int unused1, int unused2, int unused3) {
+            checkDeoptHuge(20);
+            valA = MyValue8a.valueOf(i);
+            checkDeoptHuge(21);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "valA: [" + valA + "]";
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Constructor calling another constructor of a different value class
+    static value class MyValue9a extends AMyValue9a {
+        MyValue8a val;
+
+        public MyValue9a(int x) {
+            checkDeoptHuge(18);
+            this(x, 0);
+            checkDeoptHuge(19);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue9a(int i, int unused1) {
+            checkDeoptHuge(20);
+            val = new MyValue8a(i);
+            checkDeoptHuge(21);
+            super(i, unused1);
+            checkDeoptHuge(26);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue9a(int x, int unused1, int unused2) {
+            checkDeoptHuge(14);
+            this(x, 0, 0, 0);
+            checkDeoptHuge(15);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue9a(int i, int unused1, int unused2, int unused3) {
+            checkDeoptHuge(16);
+            val = MyValue8a.valueOf(i);
+            checkDeoptHuge(17);
+            super(i, unused1, unused2, unused3);
+            checkDeoptHuge(27);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "val: [" + val + "]";
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Constructor with a loop
+    static value class MyValue10 {
+        int x;
+        int y;
+
+        public MyValue10(int x, int cnt) {
+            checkDeopt(0);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeopt(1);
+            int res = 0;
+            for (int i = 0; i < cnt; ++i) {
+                checkDeopt(2);
+                res += x;
+                checkDeopt(3);
+            }
+            checkDeopt(4);
+            this.y = res;
+            checkDeopt(5);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(6);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + x + ", y: " + y;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Constructor with a loop
+    static abstract value class AMyValue10a {
+        int a;
+        int b;
+
+        public AMyValue10a(int a, int cnt) {
+            checkDeopt(7);
+            this.a = a;
+            checkDeopt(8);
+            int res = 0;
+            for (int i = 0; i < cnt; ++i) {
+                checkDeopt(9);
+                res += a;
+                checkDeopt(10);
+            }
+            checkDeopt(11);
+            this.b = res;
+            checkDeopt(12);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(13);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + a + ", y: " + b;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Constructor with a loop
+    static value class MyValue10a extends AMyValue10a {
+        int x;
+        int y;
+
+        public MyValue10a(int x, int cnt) {
+            checkDeopt(0);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeopt(1);
+            int res = 0;
+            for (int i = 0; i < cnt; ++i) {
+                checkDeopt(2);
+                res += x;
+                checkDeopt(3);
+            }
+            checkDeopt(4);
+            this.y = res;
+            checkDeopt(5);
+            super(x, cnt);
+            checkDeopt(6);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + x + ", y: " + y;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Value class with recursive field definitions
+    static value class MyValue11 {
+        int x;
+        MyValue11 val1;
+        MyValue11 val2;
+
+        public MyValue11(int x) {
+            checkDeopt(0);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeopt(1);
+            this.val1 = new MyValue11(x + 1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
+            checkDeopt(6);
+            this.val2 = new MyValue11(x + 2, 7, 8, 9, 10);
+            checkDeopt(11);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue11(int x, int deoptNum1, int deoptNum2, int deoptNum3, int deoptNum4) {
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum1);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum2);
+            this.val1 = null;
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum3);
+            this.val2 = null;
+            checkDeopt(deoptNum4);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + x + ", val1: [" + (val1 != this ? val1 : "this") + "], val2: [" + (val2 != this ? val2 : "this") + "]";
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Value class with recursive field definitions
+    static abstract value class AMyValue11a {
+        int y;
+        AMyValue11a valA1;
+        AMyValue11a valA2;
+
+        public AMyValue11a(int y) {
+            checkDeoptHuge(19);
+            this.y = y;
+            checkDeoptHuge(20);
+            this.valA1 = new MyValue11a(y + 1, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25);
+            checkDeoptHuge(26);
+            this.valA2 = new MyValue11a(y + 2, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31);
+            checkDeoptHuge(36);
+        }
+
+        public AMyValue11a(int y, int deoptNum1, int deoptNum2, int deoptNum3, int deoptNum4) {
+            checkDeoptHuge(deoptNum1);
+            this.y = y;
+            checkDeoptHuge(deoptNum2);
+            this.valA1 = null;
+            checkDeoptHuge(deoptNum3);
+            this.valA2 = null;
+            checkDeoptHuge(deoptNum4);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + y + ", val1: [" + (valA1 != this ? valA1 : "this") + "], val2: [" + (valA2 != this ? valA2 : "this") + "]";
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Value class with recursive field definitions
+    static value class MyValue11a extends AMyValue11a {
+        int x;
+        MyValue11a val1;
+        MyValue11a val2;
+
+        public MyValue11a(int x) {
+            checkDeoptHuge(0);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeoptHuge(1);
+            this.val1 = new MyValue11a(x + 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6);
+            checkDeoptHuge(7);
+            this.val2 = new MyValue11a(x + 2, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12);
+            checkDeoptHuge(17);
+            super(x);
+            checkDeoptHuge(18);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue11a(int x, int deoptNum1, int deoptNum2, int deoptNum3, int deoptNum4, int deoptNum5) {
+            checkDeoptHuge(deoptNum1);
+            this.x = x;
+            checkDeoptHuge(deoptNum2);
+            this.val1 = null;
+            checkDeoptHuge(deoptNum3);
+            this.val2 = null;
+            checkDeoptHuge(deoptNum4);
+            super(x, deoptNum5 + 1, deoptNum5 + 2, deoptNum5 + 3, deoptNum5 + 4);
+            checkDeoptHuge(deoptNum5);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x: " + x + ", val1: [" + (val1 != this ? val1 : "this") + "], val2: [" + (val2 != this ? val2 : "this") + "]";
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue12 {
+        Object o;
+
+        public MyValue12() {
+            checkDeopt(0);
+            this.o = new Object();
+            checkDeopt(1);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class MyAbstract13b {
+        MyAbstract13b() {
+            checkDeopt(4);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(5);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class MyAbstract13a extends MyAbstract13b {
+        MyAbstract13a() {
+            checkDeopt(2);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(3);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue13 extends MyAbstract13a {
+        public MyValue13() {
+            checkDeopt(0);
+            super();
+            checkDeopt(1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue14 {
+        private Object o;
+
+        public MyValue14(Object o) {
+            this.o = o;
+        }
+
+        public static MyValue14 get(Object o) {
+            return new MyValue14(getO(o));
+        }
+
+        public static Object getO(Object obj) {
+            return obj;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class MyAbstract15 {
+        int i;
+
+        public MyAbstract15(int i) {
+            checkDeoptBig(2);
+            this.i = 34;
+            checkDeoptBig(3);
+            super();
+            checkDeoptBig(4);
+            MyValue15 v = new MyValue15();
+            checkDeoptBig(11);
+            foo(v);
+            checkDeoptBig(13);
+        }
+
+        MyValue15 foo(MyValue15 v) {
+            checkDeoptBig(12);
+            return v;
+        }
+
+        public MyAbstract15() {
+            checkDeoptBig(17);
+            this.i = 4;
+            checkDeoptBig(18);
+            super();
+            checkDeoptBig(19);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue15 extends MyAbstract15 {
+        int i;
+
+        public MyValue15(int i) {
+            checkDeoptBig(0);
+            this.i = 3;
+            checkDeoptBig(1);
+            super(i);
+            checkDeoptBig(14);
+            MyValue15 v = new MyValue15();
+            checkDeoptBig(21);
+            getO(v);
+            checkDeoptBig(23);
+        }
+
+
+        public MyValue15() {
+            checkDeoptBig( 15);
+            this.i = 43;
+            checkDeoptBig(16);
+            super();
+            checkDeoptBig(20);
+        }
+
+        static Object getO(Object o) {
+            checkDeoptBig(22);
+            return o;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class MyAbstract16 {
+        int i;
+        public MyAbstract16() {
+            checkDeoptBig(8);
+            this.i = 4;
+            checkDeoptBig(9);
+            super();
+            checkDeoptBig(10);
+        }
+
+        public MyAbstract16(int i) {
+            checkDeoptBig(2);
+            this.i = 34;
+            checkDeoptBig(3);
+            super();
+            checkDeoptBig(4);
+            getV();
+            checkDeoptBig(13);
+        }
+
+        public MyAbstract16(boolean ignore) {
+            checkDeoptBig(17);
+            this.i = 4;
+            checkDeoptBig(18);
+            super();
+            checkDeoptBig(19);
+        }
+
+        public static MyValue16 getV() {
+            checkDeoptBig(5);
+            MyValue16 v = new MyValue16();
+            checkDeoptBig(12);
+            return v;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue16 extends MyAbstract16 {
+        int i;
+
+        public MyValue16(int i) {
+            checkDeoptBig(0);
+            this.i = 3;
+            checkDeoptBig(1);
+            super(i);
+            checkDeoptBig(14);
+            MyValue16 v = new MyValue16(true);
+            checkDeoptBig(21);
+            getO(v);
+            checkDeoptBig(23);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue16() {
+            checkDeoptBig( 6);
+            this.i = 34;
+            checkDeoptBig(7);
+            super();
+            checkDeoptBig(11);
+        }
+
+        public MyValue16(boolean ignore) {
+            checkDeoptBig( 15);
+            this.i = 43;
+            checkDeoptBig(16);
+            super(true);
+            checkDeoptBig(20);
+        }
+
+        static Object getO(Object o) {
+            checkDeoptBig(22);
+            return o;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static int test1(int x) {
+        MyValue1 val = new MyValue1(x);
+        checkDeopt(3);
+        return val.x;
+    }
+
+    public static int test1a(int x) {
+        MyValue1a val = new MyValue1a(x);
+        checkDeopt(3);
+        return val.x;
+    }
+
+    public static int test1b(int x) {
+        MyValue1b val = new MyValue1b(x);
+        checkDeopt(6);
+        return val.x;
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue1 helper1(int x) {
+        return new MyValue1(x);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue1a helper1a(int x) {
+        return new MyValue1a(x);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue1b helper1b(int x) {
+        return new MyValue1b(x);
+    }
+
+    public static Object test2(int x) {
+        return helper1(x);
+    }
+    public static Object test2a(int x) {
+        return helper1a(x);
+    }
+    public static Object test2b(int x) {
+        return helper1b(x);
+    }
+
+    public static Object test3(int limit) {
+        MyValue1 res = null;
+        for (int i = 0; i <= 10; ++i) {
+            res = new MyValue1(i);
+            checkDeopt(3);
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    public static Object test3a(int limit) {
+        MyValue1a res = null;
+        for (int i = 0; i <= 10; ++i) {
+            res = new MyValue1a(i);
+            checkDeopt(3);
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    public static Object test3b(int limit) {
+        MyValue1b res = null;
+        for (int i = 0; i <= 10; ++i) {
+            res = new MyValue1b(i);
+            checkDeopt(6);
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue1 test4(int x) {
+        MyValue1 v = new MyValue1(x);
+        checkDeopt(3);
+        v = new MyValue1(x);
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue1a test4a(int x) {
+        MyValue1a v = new MyValue1a(x);
+        checkDeopt(3);
+        v = new MyValue1a(x);
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue1b test4b(int x) {
+        MyValue1b v = new MyValue1b(x);
+        checkDeopt(6);
+        v = new MyValue1b(x);
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    public static int test5(int x) {
+        MyValue2 val = new MyValue2(x);
+        checkDeopt(3);
+        return val.x;
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue2 helper2(int x) {
+        return new MyValue2(x);
+    }
+
+    public static Object test6(int x) {
+        return helper2(x);
+    }
+
+    public static Object test7(int limit) {
+        MyValue2 res = null;
+        for (int i = 0; i <= 10; ++i) {
+            res = new MyValue2(i);
+            checkDeopt(3);
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue2 test8(int x) {
+        MyValue2 v = new MyValue2(x);
+        checkDeopt(3);
+        v = new MyValue2(x);
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    public static int test9(int x) {
+        MyValue3 val = new MyValue3(x);
+        checkDeopt(9);
+        return val.x;
+    }
+
+    public static int test9a(int x) {
+        MyValue3a val = new MyValue3a(x);
+        checkDeopt(9);
+        return val.x + val.y;
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue3 helper3(int x) {
+        return new MyValue3(x);
+    }
+
+    public static Object test10(int x) {
+        return helper3(x);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue3a helper3a(int x) {
+        return new MyValue3a(x);
+    }
+
+    public static Object test10a(int x) {
+        return helper3a(x);
+    }
+
+    public static Object test11(int limit) {
+        MyValue3 res = null;
+        for (int i = 0; i <= 10; ++i) {
+            checkDeopt(9);
+            res = new MyValue3(i);
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    public static Object test11a(int limit) {
+        MyValue3a res = null;
+        for (int i = 0; i <= 10; ++i) {
+            checkDeopt(9);
+            res = new MyValue3a(i);
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue3 test12(int x) {
+        MyValue3 v = new MyValue3(x);
+        checkDeopt(9);
+        v = new MyValue3(x);
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue3a test12a(int x) {
+        MyValue3a v = new MyValue3a(x);
+        checkDeopt(9);
+        v = new MyValue3a(x);
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue4 test13(int x) {
+        return new MyValue4(x);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue4a test13a(int x) {
+        return new MyValue4a(x);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue5 test14(int x, boolean b) {
+        return new MyValue5(x, b);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue5a test14a(int x, boolean b) {
+        return new MyValue5a(x, b);
+    }
+
+    public static Object test15(int x) {
+        return new MyValue6(x);
+    }
+
+    public static Object test15a(int x) {
+        return new MyValue6a(x);
+    }
+
+    public static Object test15b(int x) {
+        return new MyValue6b(x);
+    }
+
+    public static Object test16(int x) {
+        return new MyValue7(x);
+    }
+
+    public static Object test16a(int x) {
+        return new MyValue7a(x);
+    }
+
+    public static Object test16b(int x) {
+        return new MyValue7b(x);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue8 test17(int x) {
+        return new MyValue8(x);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue8a test17a(int x) {
+        return new MyValue8a(x);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue8 test18(int x) {
+        return new MyValue8(x, 0);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue8a test18a(int x) {
+        return new MyValue8a(x, 0);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue8 test19(int x) {
+        return MyValue8.valueOf(x);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue8a test19a(int x) {
+        return MyValue8a.valueOf(x);
+    }
+
+    public static AMyValue8a test19b(int x) {
+        return AMyValue8a.valueOf(x);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue9 test20(int x) {
+        return new MyValue9(x);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue9a test20a(int x) {
+        return new MyValue9a(x);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue9 test21(int x) {
+        return new MyValue9(x, 0);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue9a test21a(int x) {
+        return new MyValue9a(x, 0);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue9 test22(int x) {
+        return new MyValue9(x, 0, 0);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue9a test22a(int x) {
+        return new MyValue9a(x, 0, 0);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue9 test23(int x) {
+        return new MyValue9(x, 0, 0, 0);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue9a test23a(int x) {
+        return new MyValue9a(x, 0, 0, 0);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue10 test24(int x, int cnt) {
+        return new MyValue10(x, cnt);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue10a test24a(int x, int cnt) {
+        return new MyValue10a(x, cnt);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue11 test25(int x) {
+        return new MyValue11(x);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue11a test25a(int x) {
+        return new MyValue11a(x);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue12 testObjectCallInsideConstructor() {
+        return new MyValue12();
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue13 testMultipleAbstract() {
+        return new MyValue13();
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue14 testCallAsConstructorArgument() {
+        return MyValue14.get(o);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue15 testBackAndForthAbstract(int x) {
+        return new MyValue15(x);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue16 testBackAndForthAbstract2(int x) {
+        return new MyValue16(x);
+    }
+
+    private static final MethodHandle MULTIPLE_OCCURRENCES_IN_JVMS = InstructionHelper.buildMethodHandle(MethodHandles.lookup(),
+            "multipleOccurrencesInJVMS",
+            MethodType.methodType(MyValue1.class, int.class),
+            CODE -> {
+                Label loopHead = CODE.newLabel();
+                Label loopExit = CODE.newLabel();
+                CODE.
+                        new_(MyValue1.class.describeConstable().get()).
+                        dup().
+                        // Duplicate the larval oop across multiple local slots
+                        astore(1).
+                        astore(2).
+                        iconst_0().
+                        istore(3).
+                        labelBinding(loopHead).
+                        iload(3).
+                        ldc(100).
+                        if_icmpge(loopExit).
+                        iinc(3, 1).
+                        goto_(loopHead).
+                        labelBinding(loopExit).
+                        aload(2).
+                        iload(0).
+                        invokespecial(MyValue1.class.describeConstable().get(), "<init>", MethodType.methodType(void.class, int.class).describeConstable().get()).
+                        aload(2).
+                        areturn();
+            });
+
+    public static MyValue1 testMultipleOccurrencesInJVMS(int x) throws Throwable {
+        return (MyValue1) MULTIPLE_OCCURRENCES_IN_JVMS.invokeExact(x);
+    }
+
+    private static final MethodHandle OSR_LARVAL_LOCAL = InstructionHelper.buildMethodHandle(MethodHandles.lookup(),
+            "osrLarvalLocal",
+            MethodType.methodType(MyValue1.class, MyValue1.class, int.class),
+            CODE -> {
+                Label loopHead = CODE.newLabel();
+                Label loopExit = CODE.newLabel();
+                CODE.
+                        new_(MyValue1.class.describeConstable().get()).
+                        // Overwrite a parameter with the larval oop
+                        astore(0).
+                        iconst_0().
+                        istore(2).
+                        labelBinding(loopHead).
+                        iload(2).
+                        ldc(100).
+                        if_icmpge(loopExit).
+                        iinc(2, 1).
+                        goto_(loopHead).
+                        labelBinding(loopExit).
+                        aload(0).
+                        iload(1).
+                        invokespecial(MyValue1.class.describeConstable().get(), "<init>", MethodType.methodType(void.class, int.class).describeConstable().get()).
+                        aload(0).
+                        areturn();
+            });
+
+    public static MyValue1 testOsrLarvalLocal(int x) throws Throwable {
+        MyValue1 dummy = new MyValue1(x - 1);
+        return (MyValue1) OSR_LARVAL_LOCAL.invokeExact(dummy, x);
+    }
+
+    static final Constructor<MyValue1> MY_VALUE1_CONSTRUCTOR;
+    static {
+        try {
+            MY_VALUE1_CONSTRUCTOR = MyValue1.class.getConstructor(int.class);
+        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue1 testReflectionCon(int x) throws Exception {
+        return MY_VALUE1_CONSTRUCTOR.newInstance(x);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue1 testReflectionVar(Constructor<MyValue1> constructor, int x) throws Exception {
+        return constructor.newInstance(x);
+    }
+
+    static final MethodHandle MY_VALUE1_CONSTRUCTOR_HANDLE;
+    static {
+        try {
+            MY_VALUE1_CONSTRUCTOR_HANDLE = MethodHandles.lookup().unreflectConstructor(MY_VALUE1_CONSTRUCTOR);
+        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue1 testMethodHandleCon(int x) throws Throwable {
+        return (MyValue1) MY_VALUE1_CONSTRUCTOR_HANDLE.invoke(x);
+    }
+
+    public static MyValue1 testMethodHandleVar(MethodHandle mh, int x) throws Throwable {
+        return (MyValue1) mh.invoke(x);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
+        Random rand = Utils.getRandomInstance();
+
+        // Randomly exclude some constructors from inlining via the WhiteBox API because CompileCommands don't match on different signatures.
+        WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyValue1.class.getConstructor(int.class), rand.nextBoolean());
+        WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyValue1a.class.getConstructor(int.class), rand.nextBoolean());
+        WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyValue1b.class.getConstructor(int.class), rand.nextBoolean());
+        WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyValue1.class.getConstructor(int.class, int.class, int.class, int.class), rand.nextBoolean());
+        WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyValue1a.class.getConstructor(int.class, int.class, int.class, int.class), rand.nextBoolean());
+        WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyValue1b.class.getConstructor(int.class, int.class, int.class, int.class), rand.nextBoolean());
+        WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyValue3.class.getConstructor(int.class), rand.nextBoolean());
+        WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyValue3.class.getConstructor(int.class, int.class), rand.nextBoolean());
+        WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyValue8.class.getConstructor(int.class), rand.nextBoolean());
+        WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyValue8.class.getConstructor(int.class, int.class), rand.nextBoolean());
+        WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyValue8.class.getConstructor(int.class, int.class, int.class), rand.nextBoolean());
+        WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyValue9.class.getConstructor(int.class), rand.nextBoolean());
+        WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyValue9.class.getConstructor(int.class, int.class), rand.nextBoolean());
+        WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyValue9.class.getConstructor(int.class, int.class, int.class), rand.nextBoolean());
+        WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyValue9.class.getConstructor(int.class, int.class, int.class, int.class), rand.nextBoolean());
+        WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyValue11.class.getConstructor(int.class), rand.nextBoolean());
+        WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyValue11.class.getConstructor(int.class, int.class, int.class, int.class, int.class), rand.nextBoolean());
+        int randValue = rand.nextInt(0, 4);
+        if (randValue > 0) {
+            // Some variation
+            WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyValue15.class.getConstructor(), rand.nextBoolean());
+            WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyValue15.class.getConstructor(int.class), rand.nextBoolean());
+            WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyValue16.class.getConstructor(), rand.nextBoolean());
+            WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyValue16.class.getConstructor(int.class), rand.nextBoolean());
+            if (randValue > 1) {
+                WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyAbstract15.class.getConstructor(), rand.nextBoolean());
+                WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyAbstract15.class.getConstructor(int.class), rand.nextBoolean());
+                WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyAbstract16.class.getConstructor(), rand.nextBoolean());
+                WHITE_BOX.testSetDontInlineMethod(MyAbstract16.class.getConstructor(int.class), rand.nextBoolean());
+            }
+        }
+
+        Integer deoptNum = Integer.getInteger("deoptNum");
+        Integer deoptNumBig = Integer.getInteger("deoptNumBig");
+        Integer deoptNumHuge = Integer.getInteger("deoptNumHuge");
+        if (deoptNum == null) {
+            deoptNum = rand.nextInt(deopt.length);
+            System.out.println("deoptNum = " + deoptNum);
+        }
+        if (deoptNumBig == null) {
+            deoptNumBig = rand.nextInt(deoptBig.length);
+            System.out.println("deoptNumBig = " + deoptNumBig);
+        }
+        if (deoptNumHuge == null) {
+            deoptNumHuge = rand.nextInt(deoptHuge.length);
+            System.out.println("deoptNumHuge = " + deoptNumHuge);
+        }
+        run(0, true);
+        for (int x = 1; x <= 50_000; ++x) {
+            if (x == 50_000) {
+                // Last iteration, trigger deoptimization
+                run(x, true);
+                deopt[deoptNum] = true;
+                deoptBig[deoptNumBig] = true;
+                deoptHuge[deoptNumHuge] = true;
+                run(x, true);
+            } else {
+                run(x, false);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void run(int x, boolean doCheck) throws Throwable {
+        check(test1(x), x, doCheck);
+        check(test1a(x), x, doCheck);
+        check(test1b(x), x, doCheck);
+        check(test2(x), new MyValue1(x), doCheck);
+        check(test2a(x), new MyValue1a(x), doCheck);
+        check(test2b(x), new MyValue1b(x), doCheck);
+        check(test3(10), new MyValue1(10), doCheck);
+        check(test3a(10), new MyValue1a(10), doCheck);
+        check(test3b(10), new MyValue1b(10), doCheck);
+        check(test4(x), new MyValue1(x), doCheck);
+        check(test4a(x), new MyValue1a(x), doCheck);
+        check(test4b(x), new MyValue1b(x), doCheck);
+        check(test5(x), x, doCheck);
+        check(test5(x), x, doCheck);
+        check(test6(x), new MyValue2(x), doCheck);
+        check(test6(x), new MyValue2(x), doCheck);
+        check(test7(10), new MyValue2(10), doCheck);
+        check(test8(x), new MyValue2(x), doCheck);
+        check(test9(x), x, doCheck);
+        check(test9a(x), x + x, doCheck);
+        check(test10(x), new MyValue3(x), doCheck);
+        check(test10a(x), new MyValue3a(x), doCheck);
+        check(test11(10), new MyValue3(10), doCheck);
+        check(test11a(10), new MyValue3a(10), doCheck);
+        check(test12(x), new MyValue3(x), doCheck);
+        check(test12a(x), new MyValue3a(x), doCheck);
+        check(test13(x), new MyValue4(x), doCheck);
+        check(test13a(x), new MyValue4a(x), doCheck);
+        check(test14(x, (x % 2) == 0), new MyValue5(x, (x % 2) == 0), doCheck);
+        check(test14a(x, (x % 2) == 0), new MyValue5a(x, (x % 2) == 0), doCheck);
+        check(test15(x), new MyValue6(x), doCheck);
+        check(test15a(x), new MyValue6a(x), doCheck);
+        check(test15b(x), new MyValue6b(x), doCheck);
+        check(test16(x), new MyValue7(x), doCheck);
+        check(test16a(x), new MyValue7a(x), doCheck);
+        check(test16b(x), new MyValue7b(x), doCheck);
+        check(test17(x), new MyValue8(x), doCheck);
+        check(test17a(x), new MyValue8a(x), doCheck);
+        check(test18(x), new MyValue8(x), doCheck);
+        check(test18a(x), new MyValue8a(x), doCheck);
+        check(test19(x), new MyValue8(x), doCheck);
+        check(test19a(x), new MyValue8a(x), doCheck);
+        check(test19b(x), new MyValue8a(x), doCheck);
+        check(test20(x), new MyValue9(x), doCheck);
+        check(test20a(x), new MyValue9a(x), doCheck);
+        check(test21(x), new MyValue9(x), doCheck);
+        check(test21a(x), new MyValue9a(x), doCheck);
+        check(test22(x), new MyValue9(x), doCheck);
+        check(test22a(x), new MyValue9a(x), doCheck);
+        check(test23(x), new MyValue9(x), doCheck);
+        check(test23a(x), new MyValue9a(x), doCheck);
+        check(test24(x, x % 10), new MyValue10(x, x % 10), doCheck);
+        check(test24a(x, x % 10), new MyValue10a(x, x % 10), doCheck);
+        check(test25(x), new MyValue11(x), doCheck);
+        check(test25a(x), new MyValue11a(x), doCheck);
+        testObjectCallInsideConstructor(); // Creates a new Object each time - cannot compare on equality.
+        check(testMultipleAbstract(), new MyValue13(), doCheck);
+        check(testCallAsConstructorArgument(), new MyValue14(o), doCheck);
+        check(testBackAndForthAbstract(x), new MyValue15(x), doCheck);
+        check(testBackAndForthAbstract2(x), new MyValue16(x), doCheck);
+        check(testMultipleOccurrencesInJVMS(x), new MyValue1(x), doCheck);
+        check(testOsrLarvalLocal(x), new MyValue1(x), doCheck);
+        check(testReflectionCon(x), new MyValue1(x), doCheck);
+        check(testReflectionVar(MY_VALUE1_CONSTRUCTOR, x), new MyValue1(x), doCheck);
+        check(testMethodHandleCon(x), new MyValue1(x), doCheck);
+        check(testMethodHandleVar(MY_VALUE1_CONSTRUCTOR_HANDLE, x), new MyValue1(x), doCheck);
+    }
+
+    private static void check(Object testResult, Object expectedResult, boolean check) {
+        if (check) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testResult, expectedResult);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueInvokeStaticDuringClinit.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueInvokeStaticDuringClinit.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..329ceade590
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueInvokeStaticDuringClinit.java
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8385469
+ * @summary Test static call resolution of a value class method with inline arguments while the class is being initialized
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestValueInvokeStaticDuringClinit::test
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestValueInvokeStaticDuringClinit
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+public class TestValueInvokeStaticDuringClinit {
+    static value class MyValueClass {
+        int x;
+
+        static {
+            try {
+                Thread.sleep(3000);
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            }
+        }
+
+        MyValueClass(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+
+        static void verify(MyValueClass val, int expected) {
+            if (val != null && val.x != expected) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("bad value");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void test() {
+        MyValueClass.verify(null, 0);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        Thread initThread = Thread.ofPlatform().start(() -> MyValueClass.verify(null, 0));
+
+        Thread.sleep(1000); // wait for initThread to reach MyValueClass.<clinit>
+        test();
+        initThread.join();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueRematDuringTypeSharpening.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueRematDuringTypeSharpening.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1664baaa5cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueRematDuringTypeSharpening.java
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Missing InlineTypeNode re-materialization during type sharpening.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @run driver/timeout=300 ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+abstract value class topValue {
+}
+
+value class dummyValue1 extends topValue {
+   int field;
+   public dummyValue1(int val) {
+      field = val;
+   }
+}
+
+value class dummyValue2 extends topValue {
+   int field;
+   public dummyValue2(int val) {
+      field = val;
+   }
+}
+
+public class TestValueRematDuringTypeSharpening {
+
+   public static final Unsafe UNSAFE = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
+
+   @DontInline
+   public static int getUnsafeFieldValue(topValue obj, int incr) {
+       return UNSAFE.getInt(obj, 12) + incr;
+   }
+
+   @Test
+   @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {IRNode.INLINE_TYPE, " > 0 "})
+   public static int test(topValue obj) {
+       int val = 0;
+       if (obj.getClass() != dummyValue1.class) {
+           val += 10;
+       } else if (obj.getClass() != dummyValue2.class) {
+           val += 20;
+       }
+       return getUnsafeFieldValue(obj, val);
+   }
+
+   @Run(test = {"test"}, mode = RunMode.NORMAL)
+   public static void kernel() {
+       test(new dummyValue1(10));
+       test(new dummyValue2(20));
+   }
+
+   public static void main(String [] args) {
+       TestFramework.runWithFlags("-XX:-TieredCompilation", "--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED");
+       System.out.println("PASS");
+   }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestVirtualThreads.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestVirtualThreads.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3607459a5ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestVirtualThreads.java
@@ -0,0 +1,822 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=default
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test that Virtual Threads work well with Value Objects.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xcomp"
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=600 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=ci
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test that Virtual Threads work well with Value Objects.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=600 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads*::*
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=ci-test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test that Virtual Threads work well with Value Objects.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=600 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads*::test*
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=ci-test-di
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test that Virtual Threads work well with Value Objects.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=600 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::dontinline
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads*::test*
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test*
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=ci-test-di-helper
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test that Virtual Threads work well with Value Objects.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=600 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::dontinline
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads*::test*
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::*Helper
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=ci-test-di-exclude-helper
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test that Virtual Threads work well with Value Objects.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=600 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::dontinline
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads*::test*
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=exclude,*::*Helper
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=xcomp-ci
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test that Virtual Threads work well with Value Objects.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=600 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -Xcomp -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads*::*
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads 50000
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=xcomp-co-test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test that Virtual Threads work well with Value Objects.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=600 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -Xcomp -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads*::test*
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads 50000
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=xcomp-co-test-di
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test that Virtual Threads work well with Value Objects.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=600 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -Xcomp -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::dontinline
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads*::test*
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test*
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads 50000
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=xcomp-co-test-di-helper
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test that Virtual Threads work well with Value Objects.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=600 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -Xcomp -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::dontinline
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads*::test*
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::*Helper
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads 50000
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=xcomp-co-test-di-exclude-helper
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test that Virtual Threads work well with Value Objects.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=600 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -Xcomp -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::dontinline
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads*::test*
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=exclude,*::*Helper
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads 50000
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=co-di
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test that Virtual Threads work well with Value Objects.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=600 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::*
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads*::*
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads 50000
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=xcomp-co-di
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test that Virtual Threads work well with Value Objects.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=600 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -Xcomp -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::*
+ *                               -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads*::*
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads 50000
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.Random;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Platform;
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+public class TestVirtualThreads {
+    static final WhiteBox WHITE_BOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+    static final int COMP_LEVEL_SIMPLE = 1; // C1
+    static final int COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION = 4; // C2
+    static final Random RAND = Utils.getRandomInstance();
+    static final int PARK_DURATION = 10;
+    static final boolean EXCLUDE_RANDOM = false; // Randomly exclude methods from compilation (very slow!)
+
+    static value class SmallValue {
+        int x1;
+        int x2;
+
+        public SmallValue(int i) {
+            this.x1 = i;
+            this.x2 = i;
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x1 = " + x1 + ", x2 = " + x2;
+        }
+
+        public void verify(String loc, int i) {
+            if (x1 != i || x2 != i) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result at " + loc + " for i = " + i + ": " + this);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static void verify(SmallValue val, String loc, int i, boolean useNull) {
+            if (useNull) {
+                if (val != null) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result at " + loc + " for i = " + i + ": " + val);
+                }
+            } else {
+                val.verify(loc, i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Large value class
+    static value class LargeValue {
+        int x1;
+        int x2;
+        int x3;
+        int x4;
+        int x5;
+        int x6;
+        int x7;
+
+        public LargeValue(int i) {
+            this.x1 = i;
+            this.x2 = i;
+            this.x3 = i;
+            this.x4 = i;
+            this.x5 = i;
+            this.x6 = i;
+            this.x7 = i;
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x1 = " + x1 + ", x2 = " + x2 + ", x3 = " + x3 + ", x4 = " + x4 + ", x5 = " + x5 +
+                   ", x6 = " + x6 + ", x7 = " + x7;
+        }
+
+        public void verify(String loc, int i) {
+            if (x1 != i || x2 != i || x3 != i || x4 != i || x5 != i ||
+                x6 != i || x7 != i) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result at " + loc + " for i = " + i + ": " + this);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static void verify(LargeValue val, String loc, int i, boolean useNull) {
+            if (useNull) {
+                if (val != null) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result at " + loc + " for i = " + i + ": " + val);
+                }
+            } else {
+                val.verify(loc, i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Large value class with fields of different types
+    static value class LargeValue2 {
+        byte x1;
+        short x2;
+        int x3;
+        long x4;
+        double x5;
+        boolean x6;
+
+        public LargeValue2(int i) {
+            this.x1 = (byte)i;
+            this.x2 = (short)i;
+            this.x3 = i;
+            this.x4 = i;
+            this.x5 = i;
+            this.x6 = (i % 2) == 0;
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x1 = " + x1 + ", x2 = " + x2 + ", x3 = " + x3 + ", x4 = " + x4 + ", x5 = " + x5 +
+                   ", x6 = " + x6;
+        }
+
+        public void verify(String loc, int i) {
+            if (x1 != (byte)i || x2 != (short)i || x3 != i || x4 != i || x5 != i ||
+                x6 != ((i % 2) == 0)) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result at " + loc + " for i = " + i + ": " + this);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static void verify(LargeValue2 val, String loc, int i, boolean useNull) {
+            if (useNull) {
+                if (val != null) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result at " + loc + " for i = " + i + ": " + val);
+                }
+            } else {
+                val.verify(loc, i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Large value class with oops (and different number of fields) that requires stack extension/repair
+    static value class LargeValueWithOops {
+        Object x1;
+        Object x2;
+        Object x3;
+        Object x4;
+        Object x5;
+
+        public LargeValueWithOops(Object obj) {
+            this.x1 = obj;
+            this.x2 = obj;
+            this.x3 = obj;
+            this.x4 = obj;
+            this.x5 = obj;
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x1 = " + x1 + ", x2 = " + x2 + ", x3 = " + x3 + ", x4 = " + x4 + ", x5 = " + x5;
+        }
+
+        public void verify(String loc, Object obj) {
+            if (x1 != obj || x2 != obj || x3 != obj || x4 != obj || x5 != obj) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result at " + loc + " for obj = " + obj + ": " + this);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static void verify(LargeValueWithOops val, String loc, Object obj, boolean useNull) {
+            if (useNull) {
+                if (val != null) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result at " + loc + " for obj = " + obj + ": " + val);
+                }
+            } else {
+                val.verify(loc, obj);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class DoubleValue {
+        double d;
+
+        public DoubleValue(double d) {
+            this.d = d;
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "d = " + d;
+        }
+
+        public void verify(String loc, double d) {
+            if (this.d != d) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result at " + loc + " for d = " + d + ": " + this);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static void verify(DoubleValue val, String loc, double d, boolean useNull) {
+            if (useNull) {
+                if (val != null) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result at " + loc + " for d = " + d+ ": " + val);
+                }
+            } else {
+                val.verify(loc, d);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class DoubleValue2 {
+        double d1;
+        double d2;
+        double d3;
+        double d4;
+        double d5;
+
+        public DoubleValue2(double d) {
+            this.d1 = d;
+            this.d2 = d + 1;
+            this.d3 = d + 2;
+            this.d4 = d + 3;
+            this.d5 = d + 4;
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "d1 = " + d1 + ", d2 = " + d2 + ", d3 = " + d3 + ", d4= " + d4 + ", d5= " + d5;
+        }
+
+        public void verify(String loc, double d) {
+            if (this.d1 != d || this.d2 != (d+1) || this.d3 != (d+2) || this.d4 != (d+3) || this.d5 != (d+4)) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result at " + loc + " for d = " + d + ": " + this);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static void verify(DoubleValue2 val, String loc, double d, boolean useNull) {
+            if (useNull) {
+                if (val != null) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result at " + loc + " for d = " + d + ": " + val);
+                }
+            } else {
+                val.verify(loc, d);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class BaseValue {
+        public abstract void verify(String loc, int i);
+    }
+
+    static value class ValueExtendsAbstract extends BaseValue {
+        int x1;
+        int x2;
+        int x3;
+        int x4;
+        int x5;
+        int x6;
+        int x7;
+
+        public ValueExtendsAbstract(int i) {
+            this.x1 = i;
+            this.x2 = i;
+            this.x3 = i;
+            this.x4 = i;
+            this.x5 = i;
+            this.x6 = i;
+            this.x7 = i;
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "x1 = " + x1 + ", x2 = " + x2 + ", x3 = " + x3 + ", x4 = " + x4 + ", x5 = " + x5 +
+                   ", x6 = " + x6 + ", x7 = " + x7;
+        }
+
+        public void verify(String loc, int i) {
+            if (x1 != i || x2 != i || x3 != i || x4 != i || x5 != i ||
+                x6 != i || x7 != i) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result at " + loc + " for i = " + i + ": " + this);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void dontInline() { }
+
+    public static SmallValue testSmall(SmallValue val, int i, boolean useNull, boolean park) {
+        SmallValue.verify(val, "entry", i, useNull);
+        if (park) {
+            LockSupport.parkNanos(PARK_DURATION);
+        }
+        SmallValue.verify(val, "exit", i, useNull);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    public static SmallValue testSmallHelper(int i, boolean useNull, boolean park) {
+        SmallValue val = useNull ? null : new SmallValue(i);
+        val = testSmall(val, i, useNull, park);
+        SmallValue.verify(val, "helper", i, useNull);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    public static LargeValue testLarge(LargeValue val, int i, boolean useNull, boolean park) {
+        LargeValue.verify(val, "entry", i, useNull);
+        if (park) {
+            LockSupport.parkNanos(PARK_DURATION);
+        }
+        dontInline(); // Prevent C2 from optimizing out below checks
+        LargeValue.verify(val, "exit", i, useNull);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    public static LargeValue testLargeHelper(int i, boolean useNull, boolean park) {
+        LargeValue val = useNull ? null : new LargeValue(i);
+        val = testLarge(val, i, useNull, park);
+        LargeValue.verify(val, "helper", i, useNull);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    // Version that already has values on the stack even before stack extensions
+    public static LargeValue testLargeManyArgs(LargeValue val1, LargeValue val2, LargeValue val3, LargeValue val4, int i, boolean useNull, boolean park) {
+        LargeValue.verify(val1, "entry", i, useNull);
+        LargeValue.verify(val2, "entry", i + 1, useNull);
+        LargeValue.verify(val3, "entry", i + 2, useNull);
+        LargeValue.verify(val4, "entry", i + 3, useNull);
+        if (park) {
+            LockSupport.parkNanos(PARK_DURATION);
+        }
+        dontInline(); // Prevent C2 from optimizing out below checks
+        LargeValue.verify(val1, "exit", i, useNull);
+        LargeValue.verify(val2, "exit", i + 1, useNull);
+        LargeValue.verify(val3, "exit", i + 2, useNull);
+        LargeValue.verify(val4, "exit", i + 3, useNull);
+        return val4;
+    }
+
+    public static LargeValue testLargeManyArgsHelper(int i, boolean useNull, boolean park) {
+        LargeValue val1 = useNull ? null : new LargeValue(i);
+        LargeValue val2 = useNull ? null : new LargeValue(i + 1);
+        LargeValue val3 = useNull ? null : new LargeValue(i + 2);
+        LargeValue val4 = useNull ? null : new LargeValue(i + 3);
+        LargeValue val = testLargeManyArgs(val1, val2, val3, val4, i, useNull, park);
+        LargeValue.verify(val, "helper", i + 3, useNull);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    public static LargeValue2 testLarge2(LargeValue2 val, int i, boolean useNull, boolean park) {
+        LargeValue2.verify(val, "entry", i, useNull);
+        if (park) {
+            LockSupport.parkNanos(PARK_DURATION);
+        }
+        dontInline(); // Prevent C2 from optimizing out below checks
+        LargeValue2.verify(val, "exit", i, useNull);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    public static LargeValue2 testLarge2Helper(int i, boolean useNull, boolean park) {
+        LargeValue2 val = useNull ? null : new LargeValue2(i);
+        val = testLarge2(val, i, useNull, park);
+        LargeValue2.verify(val, "helper", i, useNull);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    // Version that already has values on the stack even before stack extensions
+    public static LargeValue2 testLarge2ManyArgs(LargeValue2 val1, LargeValue2 val2, LargeValue2 val3, LargeValue2 val4, int i, boolean useNull, boolean park) {
+        LargeValue2.verify(val1, "entry", i, useNull);
+        LargeValue2.verify(val2, "entry", i + 1, useNull);
+        LargeValue2.verify(val3, "entry", i + 2, useNull);
+        LargeValue2.verify(val4, "entry", i + 3, useNull);
+        if (park) {
+            LockSupport.parkNanos(PARK_DURATION);
+        }
+        dontInline(); // Prevent C2 from optimizing out below checks
+        LargeValue2.verify(val1, "exit", i, useNull);
+        LargeValue2.verify(val2, "exit", i + 1, useNull);
+        LargeValue2.verify(val3, "exit", i + 2, useNull);
+        LargeValue2.verify(val4, "exit", i + 3, useNull);
+        return val4;
+    }
+
+    public static LargeValue2 testLarge2ManyArgsHelper(int i, boolean useNull, boolean park) {
+        LargeValue2 val1 = useNull ? null : new LargeValue2(i);
+        LargeValue2 val2 = useNull ? null : new LargeValue2(i + 1);
+        LargeValue2 val3 = useNull ? null : new LargeValue2(i + 2);
+        LargeValue2 val4 = useNull ? null : new LargeValue2(i + 3);
+        LargeValue2 val = testLarge2ManyArgs(val1, val2, val3, val4, i, useNull, park);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    public static ValueExtendsAbstract testExtendsAbstractHelper(int i, boolean park) {
+        ValueExtendsAbstract val1 = new ValueExtendsAbstract(i);
+        ValueExtendsAbstract val2 = new ValueExtendsAbstract(i + 1);
+        ValueExtendsAbstract val3 = new ValueExtendsAbstract(i + 2);
+        ValueExtendsAbstract val4 = new ValueExtendsAbstract(i + 3);
+
+        val1.verify("entry", i);
+        val2.verify("entry", i + 1);
+        val3.verify("entry", i + 2);
+        val4.verify("entry", i + 3);
+        if (park) {
+            LockSupport.parkNanos(PARK_DURATION);
+        }
+        dontInline(); // Prevent C2 from optimizing out below checks
+        val1.verify("exit", i);
+        val2.verify("exit", i + 1);
+        val3.verify("exit", i + 2);
+        val4.verify("exit", i + 3);
+        return val4;
+    }
+
+    public static LargeValueWithOops testLargeValueWithOops(LargeValueWithOops val, Object obj, boolean useNull, boolean park) {
+        LargeValueWithOops.verify(val, "entry", obj, useNull);
+        if (park) {
+            LockSupport.parkNanos(PARK_DURATION);
+        }
+        dontInline(); // Prevent C2 from optimizing out below checks
+        LargeValueWithOops.verify(val, "exit", obj, useNull);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    public static LargeValueWithOops testLargeValueWithOopsHelper(Object obj, boolean useNull, boolean park) {
+        LargeValueWithOops val = useNull ? null : new LargeValueWithOops(obj);
+        val = testLargeValueWithOops(val, obj, useNull, park);
+        LargeValueWithOops.verify(val, "helper", obj, useNull);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    // Version that already has values on the stack even before stack extensions
+    public static LargeValueWithOops testLargeValueWithOops2(LargeValueWithOops val1, LargeValueWithOops val2, LargeValueWithOops val3, LargeValueWithOops val4, LargeValueWithOops val5, Object obj, boolean useNull, boolean park) {
+        LargeValueWithOops.verify(val1, "entry", obj, useNull);
+        LargeValueWithOops.verify(val2, "entry", obj, useNull);
+        LargeValueWithOops.verify(val3, "entry", obj, useNull);
+        LargeValueWithOops.verify(val4, "entry", obj, useNull);
+        LargeValueWithOops.verify(val5, "entry", obj, useNull);
+        if (park) {
+            LockSupport.parkNanos(PARK_DURATION);
+        }
+        dontInline(); // Prevent C2 from optimizing out below checks
+        LargeValueWithOops.verify(val1, "exit", obj, useNull);
+        LargeValueWithOops.verify(val2, "exit", obj, useNull);
+        LargeValueWithOops.verify(val3, "exit", obj, useNull);
+        LargeValueWithOops.verify(val4, "exit", obj, useNull);
+        LargeValueWithOops.verify(val5, "exit", obj, useNull);
+        return val5;
+    }
+
+    public static LargeValueWithOops testLargeValueWithOops2Helper(Object obj, boolean useNull, boolean park) {
+        LargeValueWithOops val1 = useNull ? null : new LargeValueWithOops(obj);
+        LargeValueWithOops val2 = useNull ? null : new LargeValueWithOops(obj);
+        LargeValueWithOops val3 = useNull ? null : new LargeValueWithOops(obj);
+        LargeValueWithOops val4 = useNull ? null : new LargeValueWithOops(obj);
+        LargeValueWithOops val5 = useNull ? null : new LargeValueWithOops(obj);
+        LargeValueWithOops val = testLargeValueWithOops2(val1, val2, val3, val4, val5, obj, useNull, park);
+        LargeValueWithOops.verify(val, "helper", obj, useNull);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    // Pass via fields to not affect number of arguments
+    static double testDoubleValueDP;
+    static boolean testDoubleValueUseNullP;
+    static boolean testDoubleValueParkP;
+    static double testDoubleValueDV;
+    static boolean testDoubleValueUseNullV;
+    static boolean testDoubleValueParkV;
+
+    // This method needs less stack space when scalarized because (some of) the arguments can then be passed in floating point registers
+    public static DoubleValue testDoubleValue(DoubleValue val1, DoubleValue val2, DoubleValue val3, DoubleValue val4, DoubleValue val5, DoubleValue val6, DoubleValue val7) {
+        boolean isVirtual = Thread.currentThread().isVirtual();
+        double d = isVirtual ? testDoubleValueDV : testDoubleValueDP;
+        boolean useNull = isVirtual ? testDoubleValueUseNullV : testDoubleValueUseNullP;
+        boolean park = isVirtual ? testDoubleValueParkV : testDoubleValueParkP;
+
+        DoubleValue.verify(val1, "entry", d, useNull);
+        DoubleValue.verify(val2, "entry", d + 1, useNull);
+        DoubleValue.verify(val3, "entry", d + 2, useNull);
+        DoubleValue.verify(val4, "entry", d + 3, useNull);
+        DoubleValue.verify(val5, "entry", d + 4, useNull);
+        DoubleValue.verify(val6, "entry", d + 4, useNull);
+        DoubleValue.verify(val7, "entry", d + 4, useNull);
+        if (park) {
+            LockSupport.parkNanos(PARK_DURATION);
+        }
+        DoubleValue.verify(val1, "exit", d, useNull);
+        DoubleValue.verify(val2, "exit", d + 1, useNull);
+        DoubleValue.verify(val3, "exit", d + 2, useNull);
+        DoubleValue.verify(val4, "exit", d + 3, useNull);
+        DoubleValue.verify(val5, "exit", d + 4, useNull);
+        DoubleValue.verify(val6, "exit", d + 4, useNull);
+        DoubleValue.verify(val7, "exit", d + 4, useNull);
+        return val1;
+    }
+
+    public static DoubleValue testDoubleValueHelper(double d, boolean useNull, boolean park) {
+        if (Thread.currentThread().isVirtual()) {
+            testDoubleValueDV = d;
+            testDoubleValueUseNullV = useNull;
+            testDoubleValueParkV = park;
+        } else {
+            testDoubleValueDP = d;
+            testDoubleValueUseNullP = useNull;
+            testDoubleValueParkP = park;
+        }
+
+        DoubleValue val1 = useNull ? null : new DoubleValue(d);
+        DoubleValue val2 = useNull ? null : new DoubleValue(d + 1);
+        DoubleValue val3 = useNull ? null : new DoubleValue(d + 2);
+        DoubleValue val4 = useNull ? null : new DoubleValue(d + 3);
+        DoubleValue val5 = useNull ? null : new DoubleValue(d + 4);
+        DoubleValue val6 = useNull ? null : new DoubleValue(d + 4);
+        DoubleValue val7 = useNull ? null : new DoubleValue(d + 4);
+        val1 = testDoubleValue(val1, val2, val3, val4, val5, val6, val7);
+        DoubleValue.verify(val1, "helper", d, useNull);
+        return val1;
+    }
+
+    public static DoubleValue2 recurseTestDoubleValue2(double d, boolean useNull, boolean park, int depth) {
+        if (depth > 0) {
+            DoubleValue2 val = recurseTestDoubleValue2(d, useNull, park, depth - 1);
+            DoubleValue2.verify(val, "entry", d, useNull);
+            dontInline(); // Prevent C2 from optimizing out below checks
+            DoubleValue2.verify(val, "exit", d, useNull);
+            return val;
+        } else {
+            if (park) {
+                LockSupport.parkNanos(PARK_DURATION);
+            }
+            return useNull ? null : new DoubleValue2(d);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static DoubleValue2 testDoubleValue2Helper(double d, boolean useNull, boolean park) {
+        DoubleValue2 val = recurseTestDoubleValue2(d, useNull, park, 4);
+        DoubleValue2.verify(val, "helper", d, useNull);
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    static class GarbageProducerThread extends Thread {
+        public void run() {
+            for (;;) {
+                // Produce some garbage and then let the GC do its work
+                Object[] arrays = new Object[1024];
+                for (int i = 0; i < arrays.length; i++) {
+                    arrays[i] = new int[1024];
+                }
+                System.gc();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void startTest(CountDownLatch cdl, Thread.Builder builder, int iterations) {
+        builder.start(() -> {
+            try {
+                // Trigger compilation
+                boolean isVirtual = Thread.currentThread().isVirtual();
+                for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
+                    boolean park = (i % 1000) == 0;
+                    boolean useNull = RAND.nextBoolean();
+                    Object val = useNull ? null : new SmallValue(i);
+                    SmallValue.verify(testSmallHelper(i, useNull, park), "return", i, useNull);
+                    LargeValue.verify(testLargeHelper(i, useNull, park), "return", i, useNull);
+                    LargeValue.verify(testLargeManyArgsHelper(i, useNull, park), "return", i + 3, useNull);
+                    LargeValue2.verify(testLarge2Helper(i, useNull, park), "return", i, useNull);
+                    LargeValue2.verify(testLarge2ManyArgsHelper(i, useNull, park), "return", i + 3, useNull);
+                    testExtendsAbstractHelper(i, park).verify("return", i + 3);
+                    LargeValueWithOops.verify(testLargeValueWithOopsHelper(val, useNull, park), "return", val, useNull);
+                    LargeValueWithOops.verify(testLargeValueWithOops2Helper(val, useNull, park), "return", val, useNull);
+                    DoubleValue.verify(testDoubleValueHelper(i, useNull, park), "return", i, useNull);
+                    DoubleValue2.verify(testDoubleValue2Helper(i, useNull, park), "return", i, useNull);
+                    if (i % 1000 == 0) {
+                        System.out.format("%s => %s %d of %d%n", Instant.now(), isVirtual ? "Virtual: " : "Platform:", i, iterations);
+                    }
+                }
+                cdl.countDown();
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                System.out.println("Exception thrown: " + e);
+                e.printStackTrace(System.out);
+                System.exit(1);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        // Sometimes, exclude some methods from compilation with C1 and/or C2 to stress test the calling convention
+        if (EXCLUDE_RANDOM && Utils.getRandomInstance().nextBoolean()) {
+            ArrayList<Method> methods = new ArrayList<Method>();
+            Collections.addAll(methods, SmallValue.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            Collections.addAll(methods, LargeValue.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            Collections.addAll(methods, LargeValue2.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            Collections.addAll(methods, LargeValueWithOops.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            Collections.addAll(methods, DoubleValue.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            Collections.addAll(methods, compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads.class.getDeclaredMethods());
+            System.out.println("Excluding methods from C1 compilation:");
+            for (Method m : methods) {
+                if (Utils.getRandomInstance().nextBoolean()) {
+                    System.out.println(m);
+                    WHITE_BOX.makeMethodNotCompilable(m, COMP_LEVEL_SIMPLE, false);
+                }
+            }
+            System.out.println("Excluding methods from C2 compilation:");
+            for (Method m : methods) {
+                if (Utils.getRandomInstance().nextBoolean()) {
+                    System.out.println(m);
+                    WHITE_BOX.makeMethodNotCompilable(m, COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, false);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Start another thread that does some allocations and calls System.gc()
+        // to trigger GCs while virtual threads are parked.
+        Thread garbage_producer = new GarbageProducerThread();
+        garbage_producer.setDaemon(true);
+        garbage_producer.start();
+
+        int iterations = args.length > 0 ? Integer.parseInt(args[0]) : 300_000;
+        if (Platform.isDebugBuild()) {
+            iterations /= 4;
+        }
+        CountDownLatch cdlPlatform = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        CountDownLatch cdlVirtual = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        startTest(cdlPlatform, Thread.ofPlatform(), iterations);
+        startTest(cdlVirtual, Thread.ofVirtual(), iterations);
+        cdlPlatform.await();
+        cdlVirtual.await();
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestWithSpeculativeTypes.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestWithSpeculativeTypes.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d5ca24df665
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestWithSpeculativeTypes.java
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8280440
+ * @summary Test that speculative types are properly handled by scalarization.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestWithSpeculativeTypes::*
+ *                   -XX:TypeProfileLevel=222 -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xbatch
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestWithSpeculativeTypes
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestWithSpeculativeTypes {
+
+    static value class MyValue {
+        int x = 0;
+    }
+
+    static MyValue getNull() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    // Return value has speculative type NULL
+    static boolean test1() {
+        return getNull() == null;
+    }
+
+    // Argument has speculative type NULL
+    static boolean test2(MyValue vt) {
+        return vt == null;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // Make sure class is loaded
+        MyValue val = new MyValue();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100_000; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(test1());
+            Asserts.assertTrue(test2(null));
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestWrongFlatArrayCopyStubWithShenandoah.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestWrongFlatArrayCopyStubWithShenandoah.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..360a556577a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestWrongFlatArrayCopyStubWithShenandoah.java
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @requires vm.gc.Shenandoah
+ * @summary Test that Shenandoah uses correct array copy stub for flat value class arrays when expanding ArrayCopyNode.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:+UseShenandoahGC
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=exclude,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestWrongFlatArrayCopyStubWithShenandoah::check
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestWrongFlatArrayCopyStubWithShenandoah::test*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestWrongFlatArrayCopyStubWithShenandoah
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+public class TestWrongFlatArrayCopyStubWithShenandoah {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        ValueWithLong[] arrWithLong = (ValueWithLong[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueWithLong.class, 3, new ValueWithLong(0));
+        arrWithLong[0] = new ValueWithLong(0x408BE000000fffffL);
+        arrWithLong[1] = new ValueWithLong(0x408BE0000000000L);
+        long randomValue = Utils.getRandomInstance().nextLong();
+        arrWithLong[2] = new ValueWithLong(randomValue);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            ValueWithLong[] result = testLong(arrWithLong);
+            check(result[0].l, 0x408BE000000fffffL);
+            check(result[1].l, 0x408BE0000000000L);
+            check(result[2].l, randomValue);
+        }
+
+        ValueWithOop[] arrWithOop = (ValueWithOop[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueWithOop.class, 2, new ValueWithOop());
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testOop(arrWithOop);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void check(long result, long expected) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, expected);
+    }
+
+    static ValueWithLong[] testLong(ValueWithLong[] arr) {
+        return arr.clone();
+    }
+
+    static ValueWithOop[] testOop(ValueWithOop[] arr) {
+        return arr.clone();
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class ValueWithLong {
+    long l;
+
+    public ValueWithLong(long l) {
+        this.l = l;
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class ValueWithOop {
+    Object v;
+
+    public ValueWithOop() {
+        this.v = new Object();
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestWrongFlatArrayCopyStubWithZGC.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestWrongFlatArrayCopyStubWithZGC.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..eefa1e2220c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestWrongFlatArrayCopyStubWithZGC.java
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @requires vm.gc.Z
+ * @bug 8313667
+ * @summary Test that GenZ uses correct array copy stub for flat value class arrays when expanding ArrayCopyNode.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:+UseZGC
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=exclude,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestWrongFlatArrayCopyStubWithZGC::check
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestWrongFlatArrayCopyStubWithZGC::test*
+ *                   compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestWrongFlatArrayCopyStubWithZGC
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+public class TestWrongFlatArrayCopyStubWithZGC {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        ValueWithLong[] arrWithLong = (ValueWithLong[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueWithLong.class, 3, new ValueWithLong(0));
+        arrWithLong[0] = new ValueWithLong(0x408BE000000fffffL);
+        arrWithLong[1] = new ValueWithLong(0x408BE0000000000L);
+        long randomValue = Utils.getRandomInstance().nextLong();
+        arrWithLong[2] = new ValueWithLong(randomValue);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            ValueWithLong[] result = testLong(arrWithLong);
+            check(result[0].l, 0x408BE000000fffffL);
+            check(result[1].l, 0x408BE0000000000L);
+            check(result[2].l, randomValue);
+        }
+
+        ValueWithOop[] arrWithOop = (ValueWithOop[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueWithOop.class, 2, new ValueWithOop());
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testOop(arrWithOop);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void check(long result, long expected) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, expected);
+    }
+
+    static ValueWithLong[] testLong(ValueWithLong[] arr) {
+        return arr.clone();
+    }
+
+    static ValueWithOop[] testOop(ValueWithOop[] arr) {
+        return arr.clone();
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class ValueWithLong {
+    long l;
+
+    public ValueWithLong(long l) {
+        this.l = l;
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class ValueWithOop {
+    Object v;
+
+    public ValueWithOop() {
+        this.v = new Object();
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/bootstrap/InstallBootstrapClasses.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/bootstrap/InstallBootstrapClasses.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..38d2734fedd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/bootstrap/InstallBootstrapClasses.java
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.bootstrap;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+
+// Copy classes into a separate folder to put them on the bootclasspath
+public class InstallBootstrapClasses {
+
+    private static void copyClass(String name) throws IOException {
+        Path source = Path.of(Utils.TEST_CLASSES).resolve("compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/bootstrap/" + name);
+        Path dest = Path.of("boot");
+        Path target = dest.resolve(name);
+        Files.createDirectories(dest);
+        System.out.println("TEST_CLASSES: " + Utils.TEST_CLASSES);
+        System.out.println("source: " + source);
+        System.out.println("target: " + target);
+        Files.copy(source, target, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
+        copyClass(ValueOnBootclasspath.class.getSimpleName() + ".class");
+        copyClass(MyClass.class.getSimpleName() + ".class");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/bootstrap/TestBootClassloader.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/bootstrap/TestBootClassloader.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f5ab0e58844
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/bootstrap/TestBootClassloader.java
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.bootstrap;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @bug 8280006
+ * @summary Test that field flattening works as expected if value classes of
+ *          holder and field were loaded by different class loaders (bootstrap + app).
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile ValueOnBootclasspath.java InstallBootstrapClasses.java TestBootClassloader.java
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.bootstrap.InstallBootstrapClasses
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:boot -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.bootstrap.TestBootClassloader::test*
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=inline,*::get* compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.bootstrap.TestBootClassloader
+ */
+
+public class TestBootClassloader {
+    private static final WhiteBox WB = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+    private static final int COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION = 4;
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Wrapper1 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        ValueOnBootclasspath val; // Type will be loaded by boot classloader
+
+        public Wrapper1(ValueOnBootclasspath val) {
+            this.val = val;
+        }
+
+        Object get() {
+            return val.get();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Wrapper2 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Wrapper1 val;
+
+        public Wrapper2(Wrapper1 val) {
+            this.val = val;
+        }
+
+        Object get() {
+            return val.get();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object test1(Wrapper1 w) {
+        return w.get();
+    }
+
+    static Object test2(Wrapper2 w) {
+        return w.get();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        Wrapper1 wrapper1 = new Wrapper1(new ValueOnBootclasspath());
+        Wrapper2 wrapper2 = new Wrapper2(wrapper1);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; ++i) {
+            test1(wrapper1);
+            test2(wrapper2);
+        }
+        Method method = TestBootClassloader.class.getDeclaredMethod("test1", Wrapper1.class);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(WB.isMethodCompilable(method, COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, false), "Test1 method not compilable");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(WB.isMethodCompiled(method), "Test1 method not compiled");
+
+        method = TestBootClassloader.class.getDeclaredMethod("test2", Wrapper2.class);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(WB.isMethodCompilable(method, COMP_LEVEL_FULL_OPTIMIZATION, false), "Test2 method not compilable");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(WB.isMethodCompiled(method), "Test2 method not compiled");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/bootstrap/ValueOnBootclasspath.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/bootstrap/ValueOnBootclasspath.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9c3108b3834
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/bootstrap/ValueOnBootclasspath.java
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.bootstrap;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+class MyClass {
+
+}
+
+// Loaded by boot classloader
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+public value class ValueOnBootclasspath {
+    private MyClass field = new MyClass();
+
+    private MyClass getField() {
+        return field;
+    }
+
+    public Object get() {
+        return getField();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/hack/GetUnresolvedInlineFieldWrongSignature.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/hack/GetUnresolvedInlineFieldWrongSignature.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c95f0583095
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/hack/GetUnresolvedInlineFieldWrongSignature.java
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+class TestUnloadedInlineTypeField {
+    static class MyValue3 {
+        int foo;
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue3Holder {
+        MyValue3 v;
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue10 {
+        int foo;
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue10Holder {
+        MyValue10 v1;
+        MyValue10 v2;
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue13 {
+        int foo;
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue13Holder {
+        MyValue13 v;
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue14 {
+        int foo;
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue14Holder {
+        MyValue14 v;
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue15 {
+        int foo;
+    }
+
+    static class MyValue15Holder {
+        MyValue15 v;
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue16 {
+        int foo = 42;
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue17 {
+        int foo = 42;
+    }
+}
+
+public class GetUnresolvedInlineFieldWrongSignature {
+
+    public static void test13(Object holder) {
+        if (holder != null) {
+            // Don't use MyValue13Holder in the signature, it might trigger class loading
+            ((TestUnloadedInlineTypeField.MyValue13Holder)holder).v = new TestUnloadedInlineTypeField.MyValue13();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void test15(Object holder) {
+        if (holder != null) {
+            // Don't use MyValue15Holder in the signature, it might trigger class loading
+            ((TestUnloadedInlineTypeField.MyValue15Holder)holder).v = new TestUnloadedInlineTypeField.MyValue15();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static Object test16(boolean warmup) {
+        if (!warmup) {
+            return new TestUnloadedInlineTypeField.MyValue16();
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static Object test17(boolean warmup) {
+        if (!warmup) {
+            return new TestUnloadedInlineTypeField.MyValue17();
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/libTestJNICalls.c b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/libTestJNICalls.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..87d1468042d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/libTestJNICalls.c
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <jni.h>
+
+JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL
+Java_compiler_valhalla_inlinetypes_TestJNICalls_testMethod1(JNIEnv *env, jobject receiver, jobject vt) {
+  jclass cls = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, receiver);
+  jmethodID mid = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, cls, "test1", "(Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue1;Z)Lcompiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/MyValue1;");
+  return (*env)->CallObjectMethod(env, receiver, mid, vt, JNI_TRUE);
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jlong JNICALL
+Java_compiler_valhalla_inlinetypes_TestJNICalls_testMethod2(JNIEnv *env, jobject receiver, jobject vt) {
+  jclass cls = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, vt);
+  jmethodID mid = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, cls, "hash", "()J");
+  return (*env)->CallLongMethod(env, vt, mid);
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Java_compiler_valhalla_inlinetypes_TestJNICalls_00024MyValueWithNative_testMethod3(JNIEnv *env, jobject receiver) {
+  jclass cls = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, receiver);
+  jfieldID fid = (*env)->GetFieldID(env, cls, "x", "I");
+  return (*env)->GetIntField(env, receiver, fid);
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/TestVectorsNotSavedAtSafepoint.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/TestVectorsNotSavedAtSafepoint.java
index 396316dbb02..aa92f5927ce 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/TestVectorsNotSavedAtSafepoint.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorization/TestVectorsNotSavedAtSafepoint.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2020, Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 /**
  * @test
  * @bug 8193518 8249608
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xcomp"
  * @summary C2: Vector registers are sometimes corrupted at safepoint
  * @run main/othervm -XX:-BackgroundCompilation -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UseCountedLoopSafepoints -XX:LoopStripMiningIter=2 -XX:-TieredCompilation TestVectorsNotSavedAtSafepoint test1
  * @run main/othervm -XX:-BackgroundCompilation TestVectorsNotSavedAtSafepoint test2
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestBigObj.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestBigObj.java
index 224f0bd39fb..71802027e27 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestBigObj.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestBigObj.java
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
  * @test TestBigObj
  * @bug 6845368
  * @summary ensure gc updates references > 64K bytes from the start of the obj
+ * @compile -XDnoTopInterfaceInjection TestBigObj.java
  * @run main/othervm/timeout=720 -Xmx256m -verbose:gc gc.TestBigObj
  */
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestEagerReclaimHumongousRegions.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestEagerReclaimHumongousRegions.java
index 37902cad906..f4843f94857 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestEagerReclaimHumongousRegions.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestEagerReclaimHumongousRegions.java
@@ -32,9 +32,10 @@
  * @library /test/lib /testlibrary /
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  *          java.management
+ * @enablePreview
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI gc.g1.TestEagerReclaimHumongousRegions
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI --enable-preview gc.g1.TestEagerReclaimHumongousRegions
  */
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@
 public class TestEagerReclaimHumongousRegions {
     private static final WhiteBox WB = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
 
-    enum ObjectType { TYPE_ARRAY, OBJ_ARRAY }
+    enum ArrayType { TYPE_ARRAY, OBJ_ARRAY, FLAT_TYPE_ARRAY, FLAT_OBJ_ARRAY }
     enum ReferencePolicy { KEEP, DROP }
     enum AllocationTiming { BEFORE_MARK_START, AFTER_MARK_START}
 
@@ -84,19 +85,27 @@ enum ExpectedState {
      * @param phase The phase during concurrent mark to reach before triggering a young garbage collection.
      * @return Returns the stdout of the VM.
      */
-    private static String runHelperVM(List<String> args, ObjectType type, ReferencePolicy refPolicy, AllocationTiming timing, String phase) throws Exception {
+    private static String runHelperVM(List<String> args, ArrayType type, ReferencePolicy refPolicy, AllocationTiming timing, String phase) throws Exception {
 
-        boolean useTypeArray = (type == ObjectType.TYPE_ARRAY);
+        int arrayKind = type.ordinal();
         boolean keepReference = (refPolicy == ReferencePolicy.KEEP);
         boolean allocateAfter = (timing == AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START);
 
-        args.add(TestEagerReclaimHumongousRegionsClearMarkBitsRunner.class.getName());
-        args.add(String.valueOf(useTypeArray));
-        args.add(String.valueOf(keepReference));
-        args.add(String.valueOf(allocateAfter));
-        args.add(phase);
-
-        OutputAnalyzer output = ProcessTools.executeLimitedTestJava(args);
+        OutputAnalyzer output = ProcessTools.executeLimitedTestJava("-XX:+UseG1GC",
+                                                                    "-Xmx20M",
+                                                                    "-Xms20M",
+                                                                    "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                                                                    "-XX:+VerifyAfterGC",
+                                                                    "-Xbootclasspath/a:.",
+                                                                    "-Xlog:gc=debug,gc+humongous=debug",
+                                                                    "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                                                                    "-XX:+WhiteBoxAPI",
+                                                                    "--enable-preview",
+                                                                    TestEagerReclaimHumongousRegionsClearMarkBitsRunner.class.getName(),
+                                                                    String.valueOf(arrayKind),
+                                                                    String.valueOf(keepReference),
+                                                                    String.valueOf(allocateAfter),
+                                                                    phase);
 
         String log = output.getStdout();
         System.out.println(log);
@@ -154,7 +163,7 @@ private static void verifyLog(String log, AllocationTiming timing, ExpectedState
         Asserts.assertTrue(expected.reclaimed == reclaimed, "Wrong log output reclaiming humongous region");
     }
 
-    private static void runTest(ObjectType type,
+    private static void runTest(ArrayType type,
                                 ReferencePolicy refPolicy,
                                 AllocationTiming timing,
                                 String phase,
@@ -171,53 +180,77 @@ private static void runTest(ObjectType type,
         verifyLog(jfrLog, timing, expected);
     }
 
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        System.out.println("Tests checking eager reclaim for when the object is allocated before mark start.");
-        runTest(ObjectType.TYPE_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.BEFORE_MARKING_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.MARKED_CANDIDATE_RECLAIMED);
-        runTest(ObjectType.TYPE_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_REBUILD_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.MARKED_CANDIDATE_RECLAIMED);
-        runTest(ObjectType.TYPE_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_CLEANUP_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_RECLAIMED);
+    private static void runTestNoRefsFor(ArrayType ot) throws Exception {
+        System.out.println("Tests checking eager reclaim for when the object of type " + ot + " is allocated before mark start.");
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.BEFORE_MARKING_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.MARKED_CANDIDATE_RECLAIMED);
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_REBUILD_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.MARKED_CANDIDATE_RECLAIMED);
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_CLEANUP_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_RECLAIMED);
 
-        runTest(ObjectType.TYPE_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.BEFORE_MARKING_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.MARKED_CANDIDATE_NOT_RECLAIMED);
-        runTest(ObjectType.TYPE_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_REBUILD_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.MARKED_CANDIDATE_NOT_RECLAIMED);
-        runTest(ObjectType.TYPE_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_CLEANUP_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_NOTRECLAIMED);
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.BEFORE_MARKING_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.MARKED_CANDIDATE_NOT_RECLAIMED);
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_REBUILD_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.MARKED_CANDIDATE_NOT_RECLAIMED);
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_CLEANUP_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_NOTRECLAIMED);
 
-        runTest(ObjectType.OBJ_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.BEFORE_MARKING_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.MARKED_NOTCANDIDATE_NOTRECLAIMED);
-        runTest(ObjectType.OBJ_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_REBUILD_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.MARKED_CANDIDATE_RECLAIMED);
-        runTest(ObjectType.OBJ_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_CLEANUP_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_RECLAIMED);
+        System.out.println("Tests checking eager reclaim for when the object of type " + ot + " is allocated after mark start.");
+        // These must not be marked (as they were allocated after mark start), and they are always candidates. Reclamation depends on whether there is a reference.
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.BEFORE_MARKING_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_RECLAIMED);
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_REBUILD_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_RECLAIMED);
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_CLEANUP_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_RECLAIMED);
 
-        runTest(ObjectType.OBJ_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.BEFORE_MARKING_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.MARKED_NOTCANDIDATE_NOTRECLAIMED);
-        runTest(ObjectType.OBJ_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_REBUILD_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.MARKED_CANDIDATE_NOT_RECLAIMED);
-        runTest(ObjectType.OBJ_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_CLEANUP_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_NOTRECLAIMED);
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.BEFORE_MARKING_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_NOTRECLAIMED);
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_REBUILD_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_NOTRECLAIMED);
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_CLEANUP_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_NOTRECLAIMED);
+    }
 
-        System.out.println("Tests checking eager reclaim for when the object is allocated after mark start.");
-        // These must not be marked (as they were allocated after mark start), and they are always candidates. Reclamation depends on whether there is a reference.
-        runTest(ObjectType.TYPE_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.BEFORE_MARKING_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_RECLAIMED);
-        runTest(ObjectType.TYPE_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_REBUILD_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_RECLAIMED);
-        runTest(ObjectType.TYPE_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_CLEANUP_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_RECLAIMED);
+    private static void runTestWithRefsFor(ArrayType ot) throws Exception {
+        System.out.println("Tests checking eager reclaim for when the object of type " + ot + " is allocated before mark start.");
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.BEFORE_MARKING_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.MARKED_NOTCANDIDATE_NOTRECLAIMED);
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_REBUILD_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.MARKED_CANDIDATE_RECLAIMED);
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_CLEANUP_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_RECLAIMED);
 
-        runTest(ObjectType.TYPE_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.BEFORE_MARKING_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_NOTRECLAIMED);
-        runTest(ObjectType.TYPE_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_REBUILD_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_NOTRECLAIMED);
-        runTest(ObjectType.TYPE_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_CLEANUP_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_NOTRECLAIMED);
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.BEFORE_MARKING_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.MARKED_NOTCANDIDATE_NOTRECLAIMED);
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_REBUILD_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.MARKED_CANDIDATE_NOT_RECLAIMED);
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.BEFORE_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_CLEANUP_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_NOTRECLAIMED);
 
-        runTest(ObjectType.OBJ_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.BEFORE_MARKING_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_RECLAIMED);
-        runTest(ObjectType.OBJ_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_REBUILD_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_RECLAIMED);
-        runTest(ObjectType.OBJ_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_CLEANUP_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_RECLAIMED);
+        System.out.println("Tests checking eager reclaim for when the object of type " + ot + " is allocated after mark start.");
+        // These must not be marked (as they were allocated after mark start), and they are always candidates. Reclamation depends on whether there is a reference.
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.BEFORE_MARKING_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_RECLAIMED);
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_REBUILD_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_RECLAIMED);
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.DROP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_CLEANUP_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_RECLAIMED);
 
-        runTest(ObjectType.OBJ_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.BEFORE_MARKING_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_NOTRECLAIMED);
-        runTest(ObjectType.OBJ_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_REBUILD_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_NOTRECLAIMED);
-        runTest(ObjectType.OBJ_ARRAY, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_CLEANUP_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_NOTRECLAIMED);
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.BEFORE_MARKING_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_NOTRECLAIMED);
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_REBUILD_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_NOTRECLAIMED);
+        runTest(ot, ReferencePolicy.KEEP, AllocationTiming.AFTER_MARK_START, WB.G1_BEFORE_CLEANUP_COMPLETED, ExpectedState.NOTMARKED_CANDIDATE_NOTRECLAIMED);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        runTestNoRefsFor(ArrayType.TYPE_ARRAY);
+        runTestWithRefsFor(ArrayType.OBJ_ARRAY);
+        runTestNoRefsFor(ArrayType.FLAT_TYPE_ARRAY);
+        runTestWithRefsFor(ArrayType.FLAT_OBJ_ARRAY);
     }
 }
 
 class TestEagerReclaimHumongousRegionsClearMarkBitsRunner {
+    value class RefValue {
+        Object o;
+        RefValue() { o = null; }
+    }
+
+    value class IntValue {
+        int i;
+        IntValue() { i = 0; }
+    }
+
     private static final WhiteBox WB = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
     private static final int SIZE = 1024 * 1024;
 
-    private static Object allocateHumongousObj(boolean useTypeArray) {
-        if (useTypeArray) {
-            return new int[SIZE];
-        } else {
-            return new Object[SIZE];
+    private static Object allocateHumongousObj(int type) {
+        switch (type) {
+          case 0: return new int[SIZE];
+          case 1: return new Object[SIZE];
+          case 2: return new IntValue[SIZE];
+          case 3: return new RefValue[SIZE];
+          default: throw new RuntimeException("Unknown object type " + type);
         }
     }
 
@@ -225,17 +258,17 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         if (args.length != 4) {
             throw new Exception("Invalid number of arguments " + args.length);
         }
-        boolean useTypeArray = Boolean.parseBoolean(args[0]);
+        int arrayType = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
         boolean keepReference = Boolean.parseBoolean(args[1]);
         boolean allocateAfter = Boolean.parseBoolean(args[2]);
         String phase = args[3];
 
-        System.out.println("useTypeArray: " + useTypeArray + " keepReference: " + keepReference + " allocateAfter " + allocateAfter + " phase: " + phase);
+        System.out.println("arrayType: " + arrayType + " keepReference: " + keepReference + " allocateAfter " + allocateAfter + " phase: " + phase);
         WB.fullGC();
 
         Object largeObj = null; // Allocated humongous object.
         if (!allocateAfter) {
-          largeObj = allocateHumongousObj(useTypeArray);
+          largeObj = allocateHumongousObj(arrayType);
         }
 
         WB.concurrentGCAcquireControl();
@@ -244,7 +277,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         System.out.println("Phase " + phase + " reached");
 
         if (allocateAfter) {
-          largeObj = allocateHumongousObj(useTypeArray);
+          largeObj = allocateHumongousObj(arrayType);
         }
 
         if (!keepReference) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/ByteCursor.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/ByteCursor.java
index b54667fe0b0..bda7a929816 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/ByteCursor.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/ByteCursor.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@
 
 class ByteCursor {
     private int offset;
-    private byte[] data;
+    private Byte[] data;
 
-    public ByteCursor(byte[] data) {
+    public ByteCursor(Byte[] data) {
         this.offset = 0;
         this.data = data;
     }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/Bytecode.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/Bytecode.java
index 724b6953046..53704e7dd47 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/Bytecode.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/Bytecode.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -42,6 +42,8 @@ class Bytecode {
     public static final int INSTANCEOF         = 193;
     public static final int MULTIANEWARRAY     = 197;
     public static final int WIDE               = 196;
+    public static final int ACONSTINIT         = 203;
+    public static final int WITHFIELD          = 204;
 
     private static final int lengths[] = {
         1,
@@ -246,7 +248,9 @@ class Bytecode {
         3,
         5,
         5,
-        1
+        1,
+        3,
+        3
     };
 
     public static int getLength(int bc) throws IllegalArgumentException {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/ClassInfo.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/ClassInfo.java
index e47b4769cdb..44849a81976 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/ClassInfo.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/ClassInfo.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.Set;
 
+@jdk.test.lib.valueclass.AsValueClass
 class ClassInfo {
     private String name;
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/ConstantPoolEntry.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/ConstantPoolEntry.java
index 41cf559137c..f26ca510d66 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/ConstantPoolEntry.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/ConstantPoolEntry.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -24,38 +24,41 @@
 
 package gc.stress.gcbasher;
 
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+@jdk.test.lib.valueclass.AsValueClass
 class ConstantPoolEntry {
-    private int index;
-    private String value;
+    private Optional<Integer> index;
+    private Optional<String> value;
 
-    public ConstantPoolEntry(int index) {
-        this.index = index;
-        value = null;
+    public ConstantPoolEntry(Integer index) {
+        this.index = Optional.of(index);
+        value = Optional.empty();
     }
 
     public ConstantPoolEntry(String value) {
-        this.index = -1;
-        this.value = value;
+        this.index = Optional.empty();
+        this.value = Optional.of(value);
     }
 
     public String getValue() throws IllegalStateException {
-        if (index != -1) {
+        if (index.isPresent()) {
             throw new IllegalStateException();
         }
-        return value;
+        return value.get();
     }
 
-    public int getNameIndex() throws IllegalStateException {
-        if (value != null) {
+    public Integer getNameIndex() throws IllegalStateException {
+        if (value.isPresent()) {
             throw new IllegalStateException();
         }
-        return index;
+        return index.get();
     }
 
-    public int getClassIndex() throws IllegalStateException {
-        if (value != null) {
+    public Integer getClassIndex() throws IllegalStateException {
+        if (value.isPresent()) {
             throw new IllegalStateException();
         }
-        return index;
+        return index.get();
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/Decompiler.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/Decompiler.java
index 446d9398d14..90cff306537 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/Decompiler.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/Decompiler.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class Decompiler {
     private ByteCursor cursor;
     private ClassInfo ci;
 
-    public Decompiler(byte[] classData) {
+    public Decompiler(Byte[] classData) {
         cursor = new ByteCursor(classData);
 
         int magicNumber = cursor.readInt();
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ private boolean isDependency(String name, String className) {
     }
 
     private void addDependency(MethodInfo m, String name) {
-        Dependency d = new Dependency(m.getName(), m.getDescriptor(), name);
+        Dependency d = new Dependency(m.name(), m.descriptor(), name);
         ci.addResolutionDep(d);
     }
 
@@ -81,9 +81,9 @@ private String resolveName(ConstantPoolEntry[] constantPool, int cpi) {
     private void decodeMethodDependencies(MethodInfo[] methods, ConstantPoolEntry[] constantPool) {
         for (int i = 0; i < methods.length; i++) {
             MethodInfo m = methods[i];
-            final int stopCheck = m.getCodeStart() + m.getCodeLength();
+            final int stopCheck = m.codeStart() + m.codeLength();
 
-            int byteCodeIndex = m.getCodeStart();
+            int byteCodeIndex = m.codeStart();
             while (byteCodeIndex < stopCheck) {
                 int bc = cursor.readUnsignedByteAt(byteCodeIndex);
 
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ private void decodeMethodDependencies(MethodInfo[] methods, ConstantPoolEntry[]
 
                     case Bytecode.LOOKUPSWITCH: {
                         byteCodeIndex++;
-                        int offset = byteCodeIndex - m.getCodeStart();
+                        int offset = byteCodeIndex - m.codeStart();
                         while (offset % 4 != 0) {
                             offset++;
                             byteCodeIndex++;
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ private void decodeMethodDependencies(MethodInfo[] methods, ConstantPoolEntry[]
 
                     case Bytecode.TABLESWITCH: {
                         byteCodeIndex++;
-                        int offset = byteCodeIndex - m.getCodeStart();
+                        int offset = byteCodeIndex - m.codeStart();
                         while (offset % 4 != 0) {
                             offset++;
                             byteCodeIndex++;
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ private void decodeMethodDependencies(MethodInfo[] methods, ConstantPoolEntry[]
             }
 
             if (byteCodeIndex - stopCheck > 1) {
-                String err = "bad finish for method " + m.getName() +
+                String err = "bad finish for method " + m.name() +
                              "End + "  + (byteCodeIndex - stopCheck);
                 throw new IllegalArgumentException(err);
             }
@@ -191,8 +191,8 @@ private MethodInfo[] decodeMethods(ConstantPoolEntry[] constantPool) {
             String name = constantPool[cursor.readUnsignedShort()].getValue();
             String descriptor = constantPool[cursor.readUnsignedShort()].getValue();
 
-            int codeLength = 0;
-            int codeStart = 0;
+            Integer codeLength = 0;
+            Integer codeStart = 0;
 
             int numAttributes = cursor.readUnsignedShort(); // attributes count
             for (int j = 0; j < numAttributes; j++) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/Dependency.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/Dependency.java
index 85c22f24f14..204f09a2f1c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/Dependency.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/Dependency.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -24,8 +24,11 @@
 
 package gc.stress.gcbasher;
 
+@jdk.test.lib.valueclass.AsValueClass
 class Dependency {
     private String methodName;
+
+    // Implicitly used in Set<Dependency> while comparing elements.
     private String methodDescriptor;
     private String target;
 
@@ -35,23 +38,6 @@ public Dependency(String methodName, String methodDescriptor, String target) {
         this.target = target;
     }
 
-    @Override
-    public boolean equals(Object o) {
-        if (!(o instanceof Dependency)) {
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        Dependency other = (Dependency)o;
-        return target.equals(other.target) &&
-               methodName.equals(other.methodName) &&
-               methodDescriptor.equals(other.methodDescriptor);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public int hashCode() {
-        return methodName.hashCode() ^ methodDescriptor.hashCode() ^ target.hashCode();
-    }
-
     public String getMethodName() {
         return methodName;
     }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/MethodInfo.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/MethodInfo.java
index d630c110bd0..411be4596c9 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/MethodInfo.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/MethodInfo.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -24,32 +24,5 @@
 
 package gc.stress.gcbasher;
 
-class MethodInfo {
-    private String name;
-    private String descriptor;
-    private int codeLength;
-    private int codeStart;
-
-    public MethodInfo(String name, String descriptor, int codeLength, int codeStart) {
-        this.name = name;
-        this.descriptor = descriptor;
-        this.codeLength = codeLength;
-        this.codeStart = codeStart;
-    }
-
-    public String getName() {
-        return name;
-    }
-
-    public String getDescriptor() {
-        return descriptor;
-    }
-
-    public int getCodeLength() {
-        return codeLength;
-    }
-
-    public int getCodeStart() {
-        return codeStart;
-    }
-}
+@jdk.test.lib.valueclass.AsValueClass
+record MethodInfo (String name, String descriptor, Integer codeLength, Integer codeStart) {}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasher.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasher.java
index 43be11c3da9..16ab8bd6f5f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasher.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasher.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.stream.IntStream;
 import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
 public class TestGCBasher {
@@ -39,10 +40,13 @@ private static void parseClassFiles() throws IOException {
 
         FileSystem fs = FileSystems.getFileSystem(URI.create("jrt:/"));
         try (Stream<Path> s = Files.walk(fs.getPath("/"))) {
-            for (Path p : (Iterable<Path>)s::iterator) {
+            for (Path p : (Iterable<Path>) s::iterator) {
                 if (p.toString().endsWith(".class") &&
-                    !p.getFileName().toString().equals("module-info.class")) {
-                    byte[] data = Files.readAllBytes(p);
+                        !p.getFileName().toString().equals("module-info.class")) {
+                    byte[] rData = Files.readAllBytes(p);
+                    Byte[] data = IntStream.range(0, rData.length)
+                            .mapToObj(i -> rData[i])
+                            .toArray(Byte[]::new);
                     Decompiler d = new Decompiler(data);
                     ClassInfo ci = d.getClassInfo();
                     deps.put(ci.getName(), ci);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithAllocateHeapAt.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithAllocateHeapAt.java
index cf837c1c3dd..ceff0f11195 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithAllocateHeapAt.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithAllocateHeapAt.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 /*
  * @test TestGCBasherWithAllocateHeapAt
  * @key stress
- * @library /
+ * @library / /test/lib
  * @requires vm.gc.G1
  * @requires vm.flavor == "server" & os.family != "aix"
  * @summary Stress Java heap allocation with AllocateHeapAt flag using GC basher.
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithG1.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithG1.java
index a9095d73d9d..9df8c9be5ca 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithG1.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithG1.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 /*
  * @test TestGCBasherWithG1
  * @key stress
- * @library /
+ * @library / /test/lib
  * @requires vm.gc.G1
  * @requires vm.flavor == "server"
  * @summary Stress the G1 GC by trying to make old objects more likely to be garbage than young objects.
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithParallel.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithParallel.java
index 1bb71531abd..b283bb257bc 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithParallel.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithParallel.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@
 /*
  * @test TestGCBasherWithParallel
  * @key stress
- * @library /
+ * @library / /test/lib
  * @requires vm.gc.Parallel
  * @requires vm.flavor == "server"
  * @summary Stress the Parallel GC by trying to make old objects more likely to be garbage than young objects.
- * @run main/othervm/timeout=200 -Xlog:gc*=info -Xmx256m -XX:+UseParallelGC -XX:-UseGCOverheadLimit gc.stress.gcbasher.TestGCBasherWithParallel 120000
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=200 -Xlog:gc*=info -Xmx384m -XX:+UseParallelGC -XX:-UseGCOverheadLimit gc.stress.gcbasher.TestGCBasherWithParallel 120000
  */
 public class TestGCBasherWithParallel {
     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithSerial.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithSerial.java
index ff6ad786302..31b077ba77c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithSerial.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithSerial.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 /*
  * @test TestGCBasherWithSerial
  * @key stress
- * @library /
+ * @library / /test/lib
  * @requires vm.gc.Serial
  * @requires vm.flavor == "server"
  * @summary Stress the Serial GC by trying to make old objects more likely to be garbage than young objects.
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithShenandoah.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithShenandoah.java
index 532bf6c07de..858efacd758 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithShenandoah.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithShenandoah.java
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 /*
  * @test id=passive
  * @key stress
- * @library /
+ * @library / /test/lib
  * @requires vm.gc.Shenandoah
  * @requires vm.flavor == "server"
  * @summary Stress the Shenandoah GC by trying to make old objects more likely to be garbage than young objects.
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
 /*
  * @test id=aggressive
  * @key stress
- * @library /
+ * @library / /test/lib
  * @requires vm.gc.Shenandoah
  * @requires vm.flavor == "server"
  * @summary Stress the Shenandoah GC by trying to make old objects more likely to be garbage than young objects.
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@
 /*
  * @test id=adaptive
  * @key stress
- * @library /
+ * @library / /test/lib
  * @requires vm.gc.Shenandoah
  * @requires vm.flavor == "server"
  * @summary Stress the Shenandoah GC by trying to make old objects more likely to be garbage than young objects.
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@
 /*
  * @test id=compact
  * @key stress
- * @library /
+ * @library / /test/lib
  * @requires vm.gc.Shenandoah
  * @requires vm.flavor == "server" & vm.opt.ClassUnloading != false
  * @summary Stress Shenandoah GC with nmethod barrier forced deoptimization enabled.
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@
 /*
  * @test id=passive-deopt-nmethod
  * @key stress
- * @library /
+ * @library / /test/lib
  * @requires vm.gc.Shenandoah
  * @requires vm.flavor == "server" & vm.opt.ClassUnloading != false
  * @summary Stress Shenandoah GC with nmethod barrier forced deoptimization enabled.
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@
 /*
  * @test id=aggressive-deopt-nmethod
  * @key stress
- * @library /
+ * @library / /test/lib
  * @requires vm.gc.Shenandoah
  * @requires vm.flavor == "server" & vm.opt.ClassUnloading != false
  * @summary Stress Shenandoah GC with nmethod barrier forced deoptimization enabled.
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@
 /*
  * @test id=adaptive-deopt-nmethod
  * @key stress
- * @library /
+ * @library / /test/lib
  * @requires vm.gc.Shenandoah
  * @requires vm.flavor == "server" & vm.opt.ClassUnloading != false
  * @summary Stress Shenandoah GC with nmethod barrier forced deoptimization enabled.
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@
 /*
  * @test id=compact-deopt-nmethod
  * @key stress
- * @library /
+ * @library / /test/lib
  * @requires vm.gc.Shenandoah
  * @requires vm.flavor == "server" & vm.opt.ClassUnloading != false
  * @summary Stress Shenandoah GC with nmethod barrier forced deoptimization enabled.
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@
 /*
  * @test id=generational
  * @key stress
- * @library /
+ * @library / /test/lib
  * @requires vm.gc.Shenandoah
  * @requires vm.flavor == "server"
  * @summary Stress the Shenandoah GC by trying to make old objects more likely to be garbage than young objects.
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@
  /*
   * @test id=generational-deopt-nmethod
   * @key stress
-  * @library /
+  * @library / /test/lib
   * @requires vm.gc.Shenandoah
   * @requires vm.flavor == "server" & vm.opt.ClassUnloading != false
   * @summary Stress Shenandoah GC with nmethod barrier forced deoptimization enabled.
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithZ.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithZ.java
index 2007580f065..d3b636362b9 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithZ.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/stress/gcbasher/TestGCBasherWithZ.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 /*
  * @test TestGCBasherWithZ
  * @key stress
- * @library /
+ * @library / /test/lib
  * @requires vm.gc.Z
  * @requires vm.flavor == "server"
  * @summary Stress ZGC
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
 /*
  * @test TestGCBasherDeoptWithZ
  * @key stress
- * @library /
+ * @library / /test/lib
  * @requires vm.gc.Z
  * @requires vm.flavor == "server" & vm.opt.ClassUnloading != false
  * @summary Stress ZGC with nmethod barrier forced deoptimization enabled.
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gtest/ObjArrayTests.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gtest/ObjArrayTests.java
index ede85948335..67d994768f9 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gtest/ObjArrayTests.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gtest/ObjArrayTests.java
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,31 +30,35 @@
 /* @test id=with-coops
  * @summary Run object array size tests with compressed oops
  * @library /test/lib
- * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
- *          java.xml
- * @run main/native GTestWrapper --gtest_filter=objArrayOop -XX:+UseCompressedOops
+ * @run main/native GTestWrapper --gtest_filter=objArrayOop.* -XX:+UseCompressedOops -XX:ObjectAlignmentInBytes=8
  */
 
 /* @test id=no-coops
+ * @summary Run object array size tests without compressed oops
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run main/native GTestWrapper --gtest_filter=objArrayOop.* -XX:-UseCompressedOops -XX:ObjectAlignmentInBytes=8
+ */
+
+/* @test id=with-coops-medium-align
  * @summary Run object array size tests with compressed oops
  * @library /test/lib
- * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
- *          java.xml
- * @run main/native GTestWrapper --gtest_filter=objArrayOop -XX:-UseCompressedOops
+ * @run main/native GTestWrapper --gtest_filter=objArrayOop.* -XX:+UseCompressedOops -XX:ObjectAlignmentInBytes=16
+ */
+
+/* @test id=no-coops-medium-align
+ * @summary Run object array size tests without compressed oops
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run main/native GTestWrapper --gtest_filter=objArrayOop.* -XX:-UseCompressedOops -XX:ObjectAlignmentInBytes=16
  */
 
 /* @test id=with-coops-large-align
  * @summary Run object array size tests with compressed oops
  * @library /test/lib
- * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
- *          java.xml
- * @run main/native GTestWrapper --gtest_filter=objArrayOop -XX:+UseCompressedOops -XX:ObjAlignmentInBytes=256
+ * @run main/native GTestWrapper --gtest_filter=objArrayOop.* -XX:+UseCompressedOops -XX:ObjectAlignmentInBytes=256
  */
 
 /* @test id=no-coops-large-align
- * @summary Run object array size tests with compressed oops
+ * @summary Run object array size tests without compressed oops
  * @library /test/lib
- * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
- *          java.xml
- * @run main/native GTestWrapper --gtest_filter=objArrayOop -XX:-UseCompressedOops -XX:ObjAlignmentInBytes=256
+ * @run main/native GTestWrapper --gtest_filter=objArrayOop.* -XX:-UseCompressedOops -XX:ObjectAlignmentInBytes=256
  */
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/native_sanity/JniVersion.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/native_sanity/JniVersion.java
index 6459bcf7da1..e6eec3ae67e 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/native_sanity/JniVersion.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/native_sanity/JniVersion.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,12 +27,12 @@
  */
 public class JniVersion {
 
-    public static final int JNI_VERSION_24 = 0x00180000;
+    public static final int JNI_VERSION_28 = 0x001C0000;
 
     public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
         System.loadLibrary("JniVersion");
         int res = getJniVersion();
-        if (res != JNI_VERSION_24) {
+        if (res != JNI_VERSION_28) {
             throw new Exception("Unexpected value returned from getJniVersion(): 0x" + Integer.toHexString(res));
         }
     }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/resourcehogs/runtime/ValueTearingTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/resourcehogs/runtime/ValueTearingTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..95952b2cf99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/resourcehogs/runtime/ValueTearingTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,361 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+ /*
+ * @test
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=2000 ValueTearingTest
+ */
+
+
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
+import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException;
+import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class ValueTearingTest {
+
+    static final int N_SCENARIO = 5;
+    static final int N_PRECOMPUTED = 100;
+    static final int[] INCREMENTS = {1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43,
+                                     47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97, 101, 103,
+                                     107, 109, 113, 127, 131};
+
+    static int N_WRITERS;
+    static int N_READERS;
+    static final int DURATION_MILLISECONDS = 1 * 60 * 1000;
+    static final Object[] objectArray = new Object[1];
+    static AtomicLong[] scenarioFailures = new AtomicLong[N_SCENARIO];
+
+    static CyclicBarrier barrier;
+
+    static {
+        int nCpu = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors();
+        N_WRITERS = Math.min((nCpu / 2), INCREMENTS.length);
+        N_READERS = nCpu - N_WRITERS;
+        Asserts.assertTrue(N_WRITERS > 0, "At least one writer thread is required");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(N_READERS > 0, "At least one reader thread is required");
+        barrier = new CyclicBarrier(nCpu + 1);
+        objectArray[0] = new Value(1);
+        for (int i = 0; i < N_SCENARIO; i++) {
+            scenarioFailures[i] = new AtomicLong();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class Value {
+        int i;
+        byte b;
+
+        static Value[] precomputedValues = new Value[100];
+        static Value sharedInstance = new Value(0);
+
+
+        static {
+            for (int i = 0; i < N_PRECOMPUTED; i++) {
+                precomputedValues[i] = new Value(i);
+            }
+        }
+
+        Value(int i) {
+            this.i = i;
+            b = (byte)(i/3);
+        }
+
+        public boolean existInPredefinedValueSet() {
+            for (Value precomputedValue : precomputedValues) {
+                if (this == precomputedValue) return true;
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Container {
+        static Container sharedInstance = new Container();
+        static Container[] precomputedContainers = new Container[N_PRECOMPUTED];
+        static Value[] sharedArray;
+
+        static {
+            for (int i = 0; i < N_PRECOMPUTED; i++) {
+                precomputedContainers[i] = new Container(i);
+            }
+            sharedArray = new Value[0];
+            Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isFlatArray(sharedArray));
+        }
+
+        Value val;
+
+        Container() {
+            this(0);
+        }
+
+        Container(int i) {
+            val  = new Value(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Scenario {
+      static final int BATCH_SIZE = 10_000;
+
+      static int incrementIndex(int idx, int n) {
+          idx += INCREMENTS[n];
+          if (idx >= N_PRECOMPUTED) idx -= N_PRECOMPUTED;
+          return idx;
+      }
+
+      static void scenario0_writer(int n) {
+          // Flat array -> buffered -> reference array [System.arraycopy]
+          final var end = Instant.now().plusMillis(DURATION_MILLISECONDS);
+          int idx = 0;
+          while (Instant.now().isBefore(end)) {
+              for (int i = 0; i < BATCH_SIZE; i++) {
+                  System.arraycopy(Value.precomputedValues, idx, objectArray, 0, 1);
+                  idx = incrementIndex(idx, n);
+              }
+          }
+      }
+
+      static void scenario0_reader() {
+          // flat array -> buffered -> reference array [System.arraycopy]
+          final var end0 = Instant.now().plusMillis(DURATION_MILLISECONDS);
+          int failures = 0;
+          while (Instant.now().isBefore(end0)) {
+              Value v = (Value)objectArray[0];
+              if (!v.existInPredefinedValueSet()) {
+                  failures++;
+              }
+          }
+          if (failures > 0) {
+              scenarioFailures[0].getAndAdd(failures);
+          }
+      }
+
+      static void scenario1_writer(int n) {
+          // Flat array -> buffered -> reference array [Not System.arraycopy]
+          final var end = Instant.now().plusMillis(DURATION_MILLISECONDS);
+          int idx = 0;
+          while (Instant.now().isBefore(end)) {
+              for (int i = 0; i < BATCH_SIZE; i++) {
+                  objectArray[0] = Value.precomputedValues[idx];
+                  idx = incrementIndex(idx, n);
+              }
+          }
+      }
+
+      static void scenario1_reader() {
+          // flat array -> buffered -> reference array [Not System.arraycopy]
+          final var end0 = Instant.now().plusMillis(DURATION_MILLISECONDS);
+          int failures = 0;
+          while (Instant.now().isBefore(end0)) {
+              Value v = (Value)objectArray[0];
+              if (!v.existInPredefinedValueSet()) {
+                  failures++;
+              }
+          }
+          if (failures > 0) {
+              scenarioFailures[1].getAndAdd(failures);
+          }
+      }
+
+      static void scenario2_writer(int n) {
+          // Flat field -> buffered -> reference array
+          final var end = Instant.now().plusMillis(DURATION_MILLISECONDS);
+          int idx = 0;
+          while (Instant.now().isBefore(end)) {
+              for (int i = 0; i < BATCH_SIZE; i++) {
+                  objectArray[0] = Container.precomputedContainers[idx].val;
+                  idx = incrementIndex(idx, n);
+              }
+          }
+      }
+
+      static void scenario2_reader() {
+          // Flat field -> buffered -> reference array
+          final var end = Instant.now().plusMillis(DURATION_MILLISECONDS);
+          int failures = 0;
+          while (Instant.now().isBefore(end)) {
+              Value v = (Value)objectArray[0];
+              if (!v.existInPredefinedValueSet()) {
+                  failures++;
+              }
+          }
+          if (failures > 0) {
+              scenarioFailures[2].getAndAdd(failures);
+          }
+      }
+
+      static void scenario3_writer(int n) {
+          // Flat field -> buffered -> reference field
+          final var end = Instant.now().plusMillis(DURATION_MILLISECONDS);
+          int idx = 0;
+          while (Instant.now().isBefore(end)) {
+              for (int i = 0; i < BATCH_SIZE; i++) {
+                  Value.sharedInstance = Container.precomputedContainers[idx].val;
+                  idx = incrementIndex(idx, n);
+              }
+          }
+      }
+
+      static void scenario3_reader() {
+          // Flat field -> buffered -> reference field
+          final var end = Instant.now().plusMillis(DURATION_MILLISECONDS);
+          int failures = 0;
+          while (Instant.now().isBefore(end)) {
+              Value v = Value.sharedInstance;
+              if (!v.existInPredefinedValueSet()) {
+                  failures++;
+              }
+          }
+          if (failures > 0) {
+              scenarioFailures[3].getAndAdd(failures);
+          }
+      }
+
+      static void scenario4_writer(int n) {
+          // Flat array -> buffered -> reference field
+          final var end = Instant.now().plusMillis(DURATION_MILLISECONDS);
+          int idx = 0;
+          while (Instant.now().isBefore(end)) {
+              for (int i = 0; i < BATCH_SIZE; i++) {
+                  Value.sharedInstance = Value.precomputedValues[idx];
+                  idx = incrementIndex(idx, n);
+              }
+          }
+      }
+
+      static void scenario4_reader() {
+          // Flat array -> buffered -> reference field
+          final var end = Instant.now().plusMillis(DURATION_MILLISECONDS);
+          int failures = 0;
+          while (Instant.now().isBefore(end)) {
+              Value v = Value.sharedInstance;
+              if (!v.existInPredefinedValueSet()) {
+                  failures++;
+              }
+          }
+          if (failures > 0) {
+              scenarioFailures[4].getAndAdd(failures);
+          }
+      }
+    }
+
+    static class Writer implements Runnable {
+        final int id;
+
+        Writer(int i) {
+            id = i;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+            try {
+                // Reflection could be used to invoke methods, but keep it simple for now
+                barrier.await();
+                Scenario.scenario0_writer(id);
+                barrier.await();
+                Scenario.scenario1_writer(id);
+                barrier.await();
+                Scenario.scenario2_writer(id);
+                barrier.await();
+                Scenario.scenario3_writer(id);
+                barrier.await();
+                Scenario.scenario4_writer(id);
+                barrier.await();
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                throw new RuntimeException(e);
+            } catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
+                throw new RuntimeException(e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Reader implements Runnable {
+
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+            int scenario = 0;
+            try {
+                barrier.await();
+                Scenario.scenario0_reader();
+                barrier.await();
+                Scenario.scenario1_reader();
+                barrier.await();
+                Scenario.scenario2_reader();
+                barrier.await();
+                Scenario.scenario3_reader();
+                barrier.await();
+                Scenario.scenario4_reader();
+                barrier.await();
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                throw new RuntimeException(e);
+            } catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
+                throw new RuntimeException(e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        System.out.println("N_WRITERS = " + N_WRITERS + " N_READERS = " + N_READERS);
+        Thread[] writers = new Thread[N_WRITERS];
+        Thread[] readers = new Thread[N_READERS];
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < N_WRITERS; i++) {
+            writers[i] = new Thread(new Writer(i), "Writer-" + i);
+            writers[i].start();
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < N_READERS; i++) {
+            readers[i] = new Thread(new Reader(), "Reader-" + i);
+            readers[i].start();
+        }
+
+        try {
+            System.out.println("Waiting");
+            try {
+                Thread.sleep(3000);
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) { }
+            barrier.await();
+            boolean failed = false;
+            for (int i = 0; i < N_SCENARIO; i++) {
+                System.out.println("Running scenario " + i);
+                barrier.await();
+                if (scenarioFailures[i].get() != 0) {
+                    failed = true;
+                    System.out.println("Scenario " + i + " failures: " + scenarioFailures[i].get());
+                }
+            }
+            if (failed) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Value tearing detected");
+            } else {
+                System.out.println("Done");
+            }
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        } catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ClassFile/ClassAccessFlagsRawTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ClassFile/ClassAccessFlagsRawTest.java
index ee3531868e6..af5cb3ffbc5 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ClassFile/ClassAccessFlagsRawTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ClassFile/ClassAccessFlagsRawTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -24,13 +24,15 @@
 
 /**
  * @test
- * @bug 8291360
+ * @bug 8291360 8293448
  * @summary Test getting a class's raw access flags using java.lang.Class API
  * @modules java.base/java.lang:open
+ * @enablePreview
  * @compile classAccessFlagsRaw.jcod
  * @run main/othervm ClassAccessFlagsRawTest
  */
 
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
 import java.lang.reflect.*;
 import java.util.Set;
 
@@ -52,8 +54,9 @@ public static void main(String argv[]) throws Throwable {
         m = cl.getDeclaredMethod("getClassFileAccessFlags", new Class[0]);
         m.setAccessible(true);
 
-        testIt("SUPERset", 0x21);  // ACC_SUPER 0x20 + ACC_PUBLIC 0x1
-        testIt("SUPERnotset", Modifier.PUBLIC);
+        testIt("SUPERset", Modifier.PUBLIC | ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY);
+        // Because of the repurposing of ACC_SUPER into ACC_IDENTITY by JEP 401, the VM now fixes missing ACC_IDENTITY flags in old class files
+        testIt("SUPERnotset", Modifier.PUBLIC | ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY);
 
         // Test that primitive should return ACC_ABSTRACT | ACC_FINAL | ACC_PUBLIC.
         int[] arr = new int[3];
@@ -75,9 +78,9 @@ public static void main(String argv[]) throws Throwable {
 
         // Test that the modifier flags return element type flags.
         flags = (int)arr.getClass().getModifiers();
-        if (flags != (Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL | Modifier.PUBLIC)) {
+        if (flags != (Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.FINAL | Modifier.PUBLIC | ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY)) {
             throw new RuntimeException(
-                "expected 0x411, got 0x" + Integer.toHexString(flags) + " for primitive type");
+                "expected 0x431, got 0x" + Integer.toHexString(flags) + " for primitive type");
         }
 
         // Test that AccessFlags set will return element type access flags.
@@ -96,9 +99,17 @@ public static void main(String argv[]) throws Throwable {
 
         // Test object array component type.
         flags = (int)m.invoke((new SUPERnotset[2]).getClass().getComponentType());
-        if (flags != Modifier.PUBLIC) {
+        // Because of the repurposing of ACC_SUPER into ACC_IDENTITY by JEP 401, the VM now fixes missing ACC_IDENTITY flags in old class files
+        if (flags != (Modifier.PUBLIC | ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY)) {
             throw new RuntimeException(
                 "expected 0x1, got 0x" + Integer.toHexString(flags) + " for object array");
         }
+
+        // test multi-dimensional object array.  should return flags of component.
+        flags = (int)m.invoke((new SUPERnotset[4][2]).getClass());
+        if (flags != 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(
+                "expected 0x0, got 0x" + Integer.toHexString(flags) + " for object array");
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/AccessZeroNKlassHitsProtectionZone.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/AccessZeroNKlassHitsProtectionZone.java
index 4e177a6fe1d..061361de794 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/AccessZeroNKlassHitsProtectionZone.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/AccessZeroNKlassHitsProtectionZone.java
@@ -218,8 +218,9 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             case runwb -> WhiteBox.getWhiteBox().decodeNKlassAndAccessKlass(0);
             case no_coh_no_cds -> run_test(false, false);
             case no_coh_cds -> run_test(false, true);
-            case coh_no_cds -> run_test(true, false);
-            case coh_cds -> run_test(true, true);
+            // TODO 8348568 Re-enable
+            // case coh_no_cds -> run_test(true, false);
+            // case coh_cds -> run_test(true, true);
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/MachCodeFramesInErrorFile.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/MachCodeFramesInErrorFile.java
index 7608c5f5619..084dee3dd05 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/MachCodeFramesInErrorFile.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/MachCodeFramesInErrorFile.java
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ private static void run(boolean crashInJava) throws Exception {
             return;
         }
 
-        Matcher matcher = Pattern.compile("\\[MachCode\\]\\s*\\[Verified Entry Point\\]\\s*  # \\{method\\} \\{[^}]*\\} '([^']+)' '([^']+)' in '([^']+)'", Pattern.DOTALL).matcher(hsErr);
+        Matcher matcher = Pattern.compile("\\[MachCode\\]\\s[^{]+\\{method\\} \\{[^}]*\\} (?:\\w+\\s+)*'([^']+)' '([^']+)' in '([^']+)'", Pattern.DOTALL).matcher(hsErr);
         List<String> machCodeHeaders = matcher.results().map(mr -> String.format("'%s' '%s' in '%s'", mr.group(1), mr.group(2), mr.group(3))).collect(Collectors.toList());
         int minExpectedMachCodeSections = Math.max(1, compiledJavaFrames);
         if ((hsErr.contains("stop reattempt (retry printing native stack (no source info))") || hsErr.contains("reason: Step time limit reached"))) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/UncaughtNativeExceptionTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/UncaughtNativeExceptionTest.java
index 9090188d965..aeaa55350a6 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/UncaughtNativeExceptionTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ErrorHandling/UncaughtNativeExceptionTest.java
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
  */
 
 /*
- * @test id
+ * @test
  * @enablePreview
  * @requires os.family == "windows"
  * @library /test/lib
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ public void testNativeExceptionReporting() throws Exception {
         OutputAnalyzer output = ProcessTools.executeTestJava(
                 // executeTestJava doesn't seem to forward 'java.library.path'
                 "-Djava.library.path=" + System.getProperty("java.library.path"),
+                "--enable-preview",
                 Crasher.class.getName());
 
         File hsErrFile = HsErrFileUtils.openHsErrFileFromOutput(output);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/InnerClassesAttr/OuterTest1.jcod b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/InnerClassesAttr/OuterTest1.jcod
index 0043971fcdb..b8bce759525 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/InnerClassesAttr/OuterTest1.jcod
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/InnerClassesAttr/OuterTest1.jcod
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ Nested class acccess flags are made invalid in this jcod file.
 class OuterTest1 {
   0xCAFEBABE;
   0; // minor version
-  70; // version
+  71; // version
   [] { // Constant Pool
     ; // first element is empty
     Method #2 #3; // #1
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/InnerClassesAttr/OuterTest2.jcod b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/InnerClassesAttr/OuterTest2.jcod
index 9a174b88ff5..22fd620383e 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/InnerClassesAttr/OuterTest2.jcod
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/InnerClassesAttr/OuterTest2.jcod
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ Nested class acccess flags are made invalid in this jcod file, the inner class i
 class OuterTest2 {
   0xCAFEBABE;
   0; // minor version
-  70; // version
+  71; // version
   [] { // Constant Pool
     ; // first element is empty
     Method #2 #3; // #1
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/AOTMapReader.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/AOTMapReader.java
index e407d4e2ecc..b1557f29dc8 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/AOTMapReader.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/AOTMapReader.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -195,6 +195,17 @@ public static class Field {
     //  - final 'key' 'Ljava/lang/Object;' @16 0x00000007ffc68260 (0xfff8d04c) java.lang.String
     static Pattern oopFieldPattern2 = Pattern.compile(" - [^']* '([^']+)'.*@([0-9]+) 0x([0-9a-f]+) [(]0x([0-9a-f]+)[)] (.*)");
 
+    // - Flat inline type element 'java/lang/Integer': - Index   1 offset  24:
+    // or
+    // - Flat inline type field 'java/lang/Integer':
+    static Pattern flatFieldPattern = Pattern.compile(" - Flat inline type field '([^']+)':\\s*(null)?\\s*$");
+    static Pattern flatElementPattern = Pattern.compile(" - Flat inline type element '([^']+)':\\s*- Index\\s+(\\d+)\\s+offset\\s+(\\d+):\\s*(null)?\\s*$");
+
+    static Pattern flatNullFreeFieldPattern = Pattern.compile(" - Flat inline null-free type field '([^']+)':\\s*$");
+    static Pattern flatNullFreeElementPattern = Pattern.compile(" - Flat inline null-free type element '([^']+)':\\s*- Index\\s+(\\d+)\\s+offset\\s+(\\d+):\\s*$");
+
+    static Pattern nullMarkerPattern = Pattern.compile(" - \\[null_marker\\] @[0-9]+ Field marked as (.*)");
+
     // (injected module_entry)
     //  - injected 'module_entry' 'J' @16 0 (0x0000000000000000)
     static Pattern moduleEntryPattern = Pattern.compile("- injected 'module_entry' 'J' @[0-9]+[ ]+([0-9]+)");
@@ -222,6 +233,56 @@ private static void parseHeapObject(String className, String oop, String narrowO
         mapFile.add(heapObject);
     }
 
+    private static void parseFlatNullFree(Matcher m) throws IOException {
+        if (line == null || !line.matches("^\s*-.*")) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Malformed logging of flat field: " + line);
+        } else if ((m = match(line, flatFieldPattern)) != null) {
+            parseFlatField(m);
+        } else if ((m = match(line, flatElementPattern)) != null) {
+            parseFlatElement(m);
+        } else {
+            // Nested field
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void parseFlatFieldOrElementHelper(Matcher m, String value) throws IOException {
+        nextLine();
+        while (line == null || (m = match(line, nullMarkerPattern)) == null) {
+            parseFlatNullFree(m);
+            nextLine();
+        }
+
+        String nullMarker = m.group(1);
+        if (nullMarker == null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("missing null_marker: " + line);
+        } else {
+            nullMarker = nullMarker.replace(" ", "");
+            if (value.equals("null") != nullMarker.equals("null")) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect null_marker value: " + value + " vs " + nullMarker);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void parseFlatElement(Matcher m) throws IOException {
+        String value = m.group(4);
+        if (value != null) {
+            value = value.replace(" ", ""); // Remove spaces
+        } else {
+            value = "";
+        }
+        parseFlatFieldOrElementHelper(m, value);
+    }
+
+    private static void parseFlatField(Matcher m) throws IOException {
+        String value = m.group(2);
+        if (value != null) {
+            value = value.replace(" ", ""); // Remove spaces
+        } else {
+            value = "";
+        }
+        parseFlatFieldOrElementHelper(m, value);
+    }
+
     private static HeapObject parseHeapObjectImpl(String className, String oop, String narrowOop) throws IOException {
         HeapObject heapObject = new HeapObject(className, oop, narrowOop);
         Matcher m;
@@ -243,7 +304,7 @@ private static HeapObject parseHeapObjectImpl(String className, String oop, Stri
             }
             while (true) {
                 nextLine();
-                if (line == null || !line.startsWith(" - ")) {
+                if (line == null || !line.matches("^\s*-.*")) {
                     return heapObject;
                 }
                 if (!line.contains("marked metadata pointer")) {
@@ -251,6 +312,13 @@ private static HeapObject parseHeapObjectImpl(String className, String oop, Stri
                         heapObject.addOopField(m.group(1), m.group(2), m.group(3), m.group(4));
                     } else if ((m = match(line, oopFieldPattern1)) != null) {
                         heapObject.addOopField(m.group(1), m.group(2), m.group(3), null);
+                    } else if ((m = match(line, flatFieldPattern)) != null) {
+                        parseFlatField(m);
+                    } else if ((m = match(line, flatElementPattern)) != null) {
+                        parseFlatElement(m);
+                    } else if ((m = match(line, flatNullFreeFieldPattern)) != null ||
+                               (m = match(line, flatNullFreeElementPattern)) != null) {
+                        parseFlatNullFree(m);
                     } else if ((m = match(line, moduleEntryPattern)) != null) {
                         String value = m.group(1);
                         if (!value.equals("0")) {
@@ -273,9 +341,15 @@ private static HeapObject parseHeapObjectImpl(String className, String oop, Stri
             // TODO: read all the array elements
             while (true) {
                 nextLine();
-                if (line == null || !line.startsWith(" - ")) {
+                if (line == null || !line.matches("^\s*-.*")) { // Check for "-" with leading spaces
                     return heapObject;
                 }
+
+                if ((m = match(line, flatElementPattern)) != null) {
+                    parseFlatElement(m);
+                } else if ((m = match(line, flatNullFreeElementPattern)) != null) {
+                    parseFlatNullFree(m);
+                }
             }
         } else {
             throw new RuntimeException("Expected klass info");
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/TestDefaultArchiveLoading.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/TestDefaultArchiveLoading.java
index 4cef6471d2f..479a50dcd3c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/TestDefaultArchiveLoading.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/TestDefaultArchiveLoading.java
@@ -87,8 +87,10 @@
 
 public class TestDefaultArchiveLoading {
 
+    static String archivePreviewSuffix = "";
+
     private static String archiveName(String archiveSuffix) {
-        return "classes" + archiveSuffix + ".jsa";
+        return "classes" + archiveSuffix + archivePreviewSuffix + ".jsa";
     }
 
     private static Path archivePath(String archiveSuffix) {
@@ -110,6 +112,10 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
 
         String archiveSuffix;
         char coh, coops;
+        String preview = System.getProperty("test.java.opts", "");
+        if (preview.contains("--enable-preview")) {
+            archivePreviewSuffix = "_preview";
+        }
 
         switch (args[0]) {
             case "nocoops_nocoh":
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/ArchiveRelocationTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/ArchiveRelocationTest.java
index b433458a059..baa519a42ae 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/ArchiveRelocationTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/ArchiveRelocationTest.java
@@ -71,12 +71,12 @@ static void test(boolean run_reloc) throws Exception {
         String relocMsg2 = "Try to map archive(s) at an alternative address";
 
         OutputAnalyzer out = TestCommon.dump(appJar,
-                                             TestCommon.list(mainClass),
-                                             unlockArg, logArg, nmtArg);
+                TestCommon.list(mainClass),
+                unlockArg, logArg, nmtArg);
         out.shouldContain("Relocating archive from");
 
         TestCommon.run("-cp", appJar, unlockArg, runRelocArg, logArg,  mainClass)
-            .assertNormalExit(output -> {
+                .assertNormalExit(output -> {
                     if (run_reloc) {
                         if (!output.contains(relocMsg1) && !output.contains(relocMsg2)) {
                             throw new RuntimeException("Relocation messages \"" + relocMsg1 +
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/ArchivedFieldMetadataMismatchTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/ArchivedFieldMetadataMismatchTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6ff6f62a2e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/ArchivedFieldMetadataMismatchTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Ensure archived nullable flat field and static null-restricted field metadata are validated when the field class is substituted.
+ * @bug 8382584
+ * @requires vm.cds
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile ArchivedFieldMetadataMismatchTest.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor ArchivedFieldMetadataInstanceHolder
+ * @run main/othervm ArchivedFieldMetadataMismatchTest
+ */
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictInit;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+
+public class ArchivedFieldMetadataMismatchTest {
+    static final String[] appClasses = {
+        "ArchivedFieldMetadataInstanceApp",
+        "ArchivedFieldMetadataInstancePoint",
+        "ArchivedFieldMetadataInstanceHolder",
+        "ArchivedFieldMetadataStaticApp",
+        "ArchivedFieldMetadataStaticPoint",
+        "ArchivedFieldMetadataStaticHolder",
+    };
+    static String appJar;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+       appJar = ClassFileInstaller.writeJar("app.jar", appClasses);
+       testInstanceField();
+       testStaticField();
+    }
+
+    private static void testInstanceField() throws Exception {
+        String pointClassFile = new File(System.getProperty("test.classes", "."),
+                                         "ArchivedFieldMetadataInstancePoint.class").getPath();
+
+        TestCommon.checkDump(TestCommon.dump(appJar,
+                        appClasses,
+                        "--enable-preview",
+                        "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                        "-XX:+UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening"));
+
+        OutputAnalyzer output = TestCommon.exec(appJar,
+                        "--enable-preview",
+                        "-Xlog:class+load,class+preload",
+                        "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                        "-XX:+UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening",
+                        "ArchivedFieldMetadataInstanceApp", pointClassFile);
+        TestCommon.checkExec(output);
+
+        output.shouldContain("Preloading of class ArchivedFieldMetadataInstancePoint during loading of shared class " +
+                             "ArchivedFieldMetadataInstanceHolder (cause: archived flat/null-restricted field metadata) " +
+                             "failed : app substituted a different version");
+    }
+
+    private static void testStaticField() throws Exception {
+        String pointClassFile = new File(System.getProperty("test.classes", "."),
+                                         "ArchivedFieldMetadataStaticPoint.class").getPath();
+
+        TestCommon.checkDump(TestCommon.dump(appJar,
+                        appClasses,
+                        "--enable-preview"));
+
+        OutputAnalyzer output = TestCommon.exec(appJar,
+                        "--enable-preview",
+                        "-Xlog:class+load,class+preload",
+                        "ArchivedFieldMetadataStaticApp", pointClassFile);
+        TestCommon.checkExec(output);
+
+        output.shouldContain("Preloading of class ArchivedFieldMetadataStaticPoint during loading of shared class " +
+                             "ArchivedFieldMetadataStaticHolder (cause: archived flat/null-restricted field metadata) " +
+                             "failed : app substituted a different version");
+    }
+}
+
+class ArchivedFieldMetadataInstanceApp {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
+        Path classFile = Path.of(args[0]);
+        byte[] classBytes = Files.readAllBytes(classFile);
+        Class<?> fieldClass = MethodHandles.lookup().defineClass(classBytes);
+
+        ArchivedFieldMetadataInstanceHolder holder = new ArchivedFieldMetadataInstanceHolder();
+
+        if (holder.p.getClass() != fieldClass) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Mismatched field class");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class ArchivedFieldMetadataInstanceHolder {
+    @StrictInit
+    final ArchivedFieldMetadataInstancePoint p;
+
+    ArchivedFieldMetadataInstanceHolder() {
+        p = new ArchivedFieldMetadataInstancePoint();
+        super();
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class ArchivedFieldMetadataInstancePoint {
+    int x = 0;
+    int y = 0;
+}
+
+class ArchivedFieldMetadataStaticApp {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
+        Path classFile = Path.of(args[0]);
+        byte[] classBytes = Files.readAllBytes(classFile);
+        Class<?> fieldClass = MethodHandles.lookup().defineClass(classBytes);
+
+        if (ArchivedFieldMetadataStaticHolder.p.getClass() != fieldClass) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Mismatched static field class");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class ArchivedFieldMetadataStaticHolder {
+    @NullRestricted
+    static ArchivedFieldMetadataStaticPoint p = new ArchivedFieldMetadataStaticPoint();
+}
+
+value class ArchivedFieldMetadataStaticPoint {
+    int x = 0;
+    int y = 0;
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/HelloInlineClassTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/HelloInlineClassTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a1215023482
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/HelloInlineClassTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Hello World test for using inline classes with CDS
+ * @requires vm.cds
+ * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile test-classes/HelloInlineClassApp.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar hello_inline.jar
+ *          HelloInlineClassApp HelloInlineClassApp$Point
+ *          HelloInlineClassApp$Rectangle HelloInlineClassApp$ValueRecord
+ * @run main/othervm HelloInlineClassTest
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+public class HelloInlineClassTest {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("hello_inline.jar");
+        String mainClass = "HelloInlineClassApp";
+        OutputAnalyzer output =
+            TestCommon.dump(appJar, TestCommon.list(mainClass,
+                                                    "HelloInlineClassApp$Point",
+                                                    "HelloInlineClassApp$Rectangle"),
+                            "--enable-preview");
+        output.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+
+        TestCommon.run("--enable-preview",
+                       "-Xint", "-cp", appJar,  mainClass)
+            .assertNormalExit();
+
+        TestCommon.run("--enable-preview",
+                       "-cp", appJar,  mainClass)
+            .assertNormalExit();
+
+        String compFlag = "-XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,HelloInlineClassApp*::*";
+
+        TestCommon.run("--enable-preview",
+                       "-Xcomp", compFlag,
+                       "-cp", appJar,  mainClass)
+            .assertNormalExit();
+
+        TestCommon.run("--enable-preview",
+                       "-Xcomp", compFlag,
+                       "-XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1",
+                       "-XX:+TieredCompilation",
+                       "-XX:-Inline",
+                       "-cp", appJar,  mainClass)
+            .assertNormalExit();
+
+        TestCommon.run("--enable-preview",
+                       "-Xcomp", compFlag,
+                       "-XX:TieredStopAtLevel=4",
+                       "-XX:-TieredCompilation",
+                       "-XX:-Inline",
+                       "-cp", appJar,  mainClass)
+            .assertNormalExit();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/InlineFieldExclusionTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/InlineFieldExclusionTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3de7baf84ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/InlineFieldExclusionTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=inline
+ * @bug 8384756
+ * @summary A class should be excluded if the type of one of its inlined fields is excluded.
+ * @requires vm.cds
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile test-classes/InlineFieldExclusionApp.java test-classes/excluded/ExcludedValueClass.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar InlineFieldExclusionApp
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar excluded.jar excluded/ExcludedValueClass
+ * @run main/othervm InlineFieldExclusionTest InlineFieldExclusionApp
+ */
+
+/* @test id=static
+ * @bug 8384756
+ * @summary A class should be excluded if the type of one of its inlined fields is excluded.
+ * @requires vm.cds
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile test-classes/StaticNullRestrictedExclusionApp.java test-classes/excluded/ExcludedValueClass.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar StaticNullRestrictedExclusionApp
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar excluded.jar excluded/ExcludedValueClass
+ * @run main/othervm InlineFieldExclusionTest StaticNullRestrictedExclusionApp
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import java.io.File;
+
+public class InlineFieldExclusionTest {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        if (args.length < 1) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing main class name");
+        }
+
+        String mainClass = args[0];
+        String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("app.jar");
+        String unsignedJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("excluded.jar");
+
+        JarBuilder.signJar("excluded");
+        String signedJar = TestCommon.getTestJar("signed_excluded.jar");
+
+        String classpath = appJar + System.getProperty("path.separator") + signedJar;
+        OutputAnalyzer output;
+
+        String[] suffix = TestCommon.list("--enable-preview",
+                                          "-Xlog:cds,aot,class+load");
+
+        String skipMsg1 = "Skipping excluded/ExcludedValueClass: Signed JAR";
+        String skipMsg2 = "Skipping " + mainClass;
+        String loadFromJar = ".class,load\s*. " + mainClass + " source: file:.*app.jar";
+
+        // ExcludedValueClass should be excluded from the archive because it is found inside
+        // a signed JAR. InlineFieldExclusionApp has a flat field of type ExcludedValueClass and
+        // relies on this class to calculate the layout of the field, so it too must be excluded
+        // from the archive.
+        output = TestCommon.dump(classpath, TestCommon.list(mainClass, "excluded/ExcludedValueClass"), suffix);
+        TestCommon.checkDump(output, skipMsg1, skipMsg2);
+
+        // At runtime, both InlineFieldExclusionApp and ExcludedValueClass should be loaded from
+        // the jar file instead of from the shared archive.
+        output = TestCommon.exec(classpath, TestCommon.concat(suffix, mainClass));
+        try {
+            output.shouldMatch(loadFromJar);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            TestCommon.checkCommonExecExceptions(output, e);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/RewriteBytecodesInlineTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/RewriteBytecodesInlineTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7d397921753
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/RewriteBytecodesInlineTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Use Lookup.defineClass() to load a class with rewritten bytecode. Make sure
+ *          the archived class with the same name is not loaded.
+ * @requires vm.cds
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile test-classes/RewriteBytecodesInline.java test-classes/Util.java test-classes/Point.java test-classes/WithInlinedField.java RewriteBytecodesInlineTest.java
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm RewriteBytecodesInlineTest
+ */
+
+import java.io.File;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+
+public class RewriteBytecodesInlineTest {
+  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+    String wbJar = JarBuilder.build(true, "WhiteBox", "jdk/test/whitebox/WhiteBox");
+    String use_whitebox_jar = "-Xbootclasspath/a:" + wbJar;
+
+    String appJar = JarBuilder.build("dynamic_define", "RewriteBytecodesInline", "Util", "Point", "WithInlinedField");
+    String superClsFile = (new File(System.getProperty("test.classes", "."), "Point.class")).getPath();
+
+    TestCommon.dump(appJar, TestCommon.list("RewriteBytecodesInline", "Point", "WithInlinedField"),
+                    // command-line arguments ...
+                    use_whitebox_jar,
+                    "--enable-preview");
+
+    OutputAnalyzer output = TestCommon.exec(appJar,
+                    // command-line arguments ...
+                    "--enable-preview",
+                    use_whitebox_jar,
+                    "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                    "-XX:+WhiteBoxAPI",
+                    "RewriteBytecodesInline", superClsFile);
+    TestCommon.checkExec(output);
+  }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/AOTMapTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/AOTMapTest.java
index 209eb064945..832c9c33678 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/AOTMapTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/AOTMapTest.java
@@ -47,6 +47,21 @@
  * @run main/othervm/timeout=240 -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbootclasspath/a:. AOTMapTest DYNAMIC
  */
 
+/**
+ * @test id=valhalla
+ * @bug 8362566
+ * @summary Test the contents of -Xlog:aot+map with AOT workflow and flat arrays
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.cds.supports.aot.class.linking & vm.debug & vm.cds.write.archived.java.heap
+ * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value java.base/jdk.internal.misc java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build Hello
+ * @compile test-classes/AOTMapTestApp.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar AOTMapTestApp AOTMapTestApp$Wrapper AOTMapTestApp$WrapperWrapper
+ *                                                                  AOTMapTestApp$ArchivedData Hello
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=240 AOTMapTest STATIC
+ */
+
 import java.io.File;
 import java.net.URL;
 import java.net.URLClassLoader;
@@ -112,11 +127,21 @@ public String[] vmArgs(RunMode runMode) {
             vmArgs.add("-Xmx128M");
             vmArgs.add("-Xlog:aot=debug");
 
+            if (isStaticWorkflow()) {
+                vmArgs.add("--enable-preview");
+                vmArgs.add("--add-exports");
+                vmArgs.add("java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED");
+                vmArgs.add("--add-exports");
+                vmArgs.add("java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED");
+                vmArgs.add("-Xbootclasspath/a:" + appJar);
+                vmArgs.add("-XX:ArchiveHeapTestClass=AOTMapTestApp");
+            }
+
             // filesize=0 ensures that a large map file not broken up in multiple files.
-            String logMapPrefix = "-Xlog:aot+map=debug,aot+map+oops=trace:file=";
+            String logMapPrefix = "-Xlog:aot+map=trace,aot+map+oops=trace:file=";
             String logSuffix = ":none:filesize=0";
 
-            if (runMode == RunMode.ASSEMBLY || runMode == RunMode.DUMP_DYNAMIC) {
+            if (runMode == RunMode.ASSEMBLY || runMode == RunMode.DUMP_DYNAMIC || runMode == RunMode.DUMP_STATIC) {
                 vmArgs.add(logMapPrefix + dumpMapFile + logSuffix);
             } else if (runMode == RunMode.PRODUCTION) {
                 vmArgs.add(logMapPrefix + runMapFile + logSuffix);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/test-classes/AOTMapTestApp.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/test-classes/AOTMapTestApp.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c8b338cbc42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/test-classes/AOTMapTestApp.java
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+// Test app for flat arrays in the AOT map
+public class AOTMapTestApp {
+
+    public static value class Wrapper implements Comparable<Wrapper> {
+        Integer i;
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return i.toString();
+        }
+
+        public int compareTo(Wrapper o) {
+            return i - o.i;
+        }
+
+        Wrapper(int i) {
+            this.i = new Integer(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class WrapperWrapper {
+        Wrapper w;
+
+        WrapperWrapper(int i) {
+            this.w = new Wrapper(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Check that arrays of both migrated value
+    // classes and custom value classes are archived
+    public static class ArchivedData {
+        Integer[] boxArray;
+        Integer[] nullFreeBoxArray;
+        Wrapper[] wrapperArray;
+        WrapperWrapper[] wrapperWrapperArray;
+        Object[] objArray;
+        Wrapper wrapper;
+        @NullRestricted
+        WrapperWrapper wrapperWrapper;
+        int a;
+        Object b;
+
+        ArchivedData() {
+            boxArray = new Integer[3];  // flattened
+            boxArray[0] = new Integer(0xaaaa);
+            boxArray[1] = new Integer(0xbbbb);
+            boxArray[2] = null;
+
+            nullFreeBoxArray = (Integer[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(Integer.class, 3, new Integer(0));
+            nullFreeBoxArray[0] = new Integer(0xaaaa);
+            nullFreeBoxArray[1] = new Integer(0xbbbb);
+            nullFreeBoxArray[2] = new Integer(0xcccc);
+
+            wrapperArray = new Wrapper[3]; // flattened
+            wrapperArray[0] = new Wrapper(0xaaaa);
+            wrapperArray[1] = new Wrapper(0xbbbb);
+            wrapperArray[2] = new Wrapper(0xcccc);
+
+            wrapperWrapperArray = new WrapperWrapper[3];
+            wrapperWrapperArray[0] = new WrapperWrapper(0xaaaa);
+            wrapperWrapperArray[1] = new WrapperWrapper(0xbbbb);
+            wrapperWrapperArray[2] = new WrapperWrapper(0xcccc);
+
+            objArray = new Object[3]; // not flattened
+            objArray[0] = new Integer(0xaaaa);
+            objArray[1] = new Integer(0xbbbb);
+            objArray[2] = new Integer(0xcccc);
+
+            wrapper = new Wrapper(0xaaaa5555);
+            wrapperWrapper = new WrapperWrapper(0xbbbb6666);
+            a = 0x7788;
+            b = new Integer(0x8899);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static ArchivedData archivedObjects;
+    static {
+        if (archivedObjects == null) {
+            archivedObjects = new ArchivedData();
+        } else {
+            System.out.println("Initialized from CDS");
+            System.out.println("boxArray " + archivedObjects.boxArray);
+            System.out.println("wrapperArray " + archivedObjects.wrapperArray);
+            System.out.println("wrapperWrapperArray " + archivedObjects.wrapperWrapperArray);
+            System.out.println("objArray " + archivedObjects.objArray);
+            System.out.println("wrapper " + archivedObjects.wrapper);
+            System.out.println("wrapperWrapper " + archivedObjects.wrapperWrapper);
+            System.out.println("a " + archivedObjects.a);
+            System.out.println("b " + archivedObjects.b);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        System.out.println("Hello FlatAOTMapTestApp");
+        Class.forName("Hello");
+
+        if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() && !ValueClass.isFlatArray(archivedObjects.boxArray)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Boxing class array should be flat");
+        }
+
+        if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() && (!ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(archivedObjects.nullFreeBoxArray) ||
+            !ValueClass.isFlatArray(archivedObjects.nullFreeBoxArray))) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Boxing class array should be null-free and flat");
+        }
+
+        if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() && !ValueClass.isFlatArray(archivedObjects.wrapperArray)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Wrapper array should be flat");
+        }
+
+        if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() && !ValueClass.isFlatArray(archivedObjects.wrapperWrapperArray)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("WrapperWrapper array should be flat");
+        }
+
+        if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() && ValueClass.isFlatArray(archivedObjects.objArray)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Object array should not be flat");
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedArrayLayoutsApp.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedArrayLayoutsApp.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c19ad521dc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedArrayLayoutsApp.java
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+
+public class ArchivedArrayLayoutsApp {
+
+    public static class ArchivedData {
+        Point[] pointArray;
+        Point[] nullRestrictedArray;
+        Point[] nullableAtomicArray;
+    }
+
+    public static value class Point implements Comparable<Point> {
+        int x, y;
+
+        public int compareTo(Point p) {
+            return (x - p.x) - (y - p.y);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "(" + x + ", " + y + ")";
+        }
+
+        public Point(int x, int y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static ArchivedData archivedObjects;
+    static boolean restored;
+    static {
+        if (archivedObjects == null) {
+            restored = false;
+            System.out.println("Not archived");
+            archivedObjects = new ArchivedData();
+
+            // Point cannot be flattened and so will create a RefArrayKlass
+            archivedObjects.pointArray = new Point[3];
+            archivedObjects.pointArray[0] = new Point(0, 1);
+            archivedObjects.pointArray[1] = new Point(1, 0);
+            archivedObjects.pointArray[2] = new Point(1, 1);
+
+
+            // An array of null-restricted Point can be flattened
+            archivedObjects.nullRestrictedArray = (Point[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(Point.class, 3, new Point(0, 0));
+            archivedObjects.nullRestrictedArray[0] = new Point(0, 1);
+            archivedObjects.nullRestrictedArray[1] = new Point(1, 0);
+            archivedObjects.nullRestrictedArray[2] = new Point(1, 1);
+
+            // A nullable array of Point cannot be flattened so it will a RefArrayKlass with a different layout
+            archivedObjects.nullableAtomicArray = (Point[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(Point.class, 3);
+            archivedObjects.nullableAtomicArray[0] = new Point(0, 1);
+            archivedObjects.nullableAtomicArray[1] = new Point(1, 0);
+            archivedObjects.nullableAtomicArray[2] = new Point(1, 1);
+        } else {
+            restored = true;
+            System.out.println("Initialized from CDS");
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public static void checkFlat(Point[] p, boolean shouldBe) throws Exception {
+        boolean isFlat = ValueClass.isFlatArray(p);
+        if (isFlat && !shouldBe) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should not be flat");
+        }
+        if (!isFlat && shouldBe) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should be flat");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void checkArray(Point[] p0, Point[] p1) {
+        if (Arrays.compare(p0, p1) != 0) {
+            for (Point i : p0) {
+                System.out.println(i);
+            }
+            System.out.println("vs");
+            for (Point i : p1) {
+                System.out.println(i);
+            }
+            System.out.println();
+            throw new RuntimeException("Array not restored correctly");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+
+        checkFlat(archivedObjects.pointArray, false);
+        checkFlat(archivedObjects.nullRestrictedArray, true);
+        checkFlat(archivedObjects.nullableAtomicArray, false);
+
+        if (restored) {
+            Point[] runtimeArray = new Point[3];
+            runtimeArray[0] = new Point(0, 1);
+            runtimeArray[1] = new Point(1, 0);
+            runtimeArray[2] = new Point(1, 1);
+
+            checkArray(archivedObjects.pointArray, runtimeArray);
+            checkArray(archivedObjects.nullRestrictedArray, runtimeArray);
+            checkArray(archivedObjects.nullableAtomicArray, runtimeArray);
+        }
+
+        System.out.println("PASSED");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedFlatArrayApp.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedFlatArrayApp.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ec6944cda45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedFlatArrayApp.java
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+
+public class ArchivedFlatArrayApp {
+
+    // Check that arrays of both migrated value
+    // classes and custom value classes are archived
+    public static class ArchivedData {
+        Integer[] intArray;
+        CharPair[] charPairArray;
+        Wrapper[] wrapperArray;
+    }
+
+    public static value class CharPair implements Comparable<CharPair> {
+        char c0, c1;
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "(" + c0 + ", " + c1 + ")";
+        }
+
+        public int compareTo(CharPair o) {
+            return (c0 - o.c0) - (c1 - o.c1);
+        }
+
+        public CharPair(char c0, char c1) {
+            this.c0 = c0;
+            this.c1 = c1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class Wrapper implements Comparable<Wrapper> {
+        Integer i;
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return i.toString();
+        }
+
+        public int compareTo(Wrapper o) {
+            return i - o.i;
+        }
+
+        Wrapper(int i) {
+            this.i = new Integer(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static ArchivedData archivedObjects;
+    static boolean restored;
+    static {
+        if (archivedObjects == null) {
+            restored = false;
+            System.out.println("Not archived");
+            archivedObjects = new ArchivedData();
+
+            archivedObjects.intArray = new Integer[3];
+            archivedObjects.intArray[0] = new Integer(0);
+            archivedObjects.intArray[1] = new Integer(1);
+            archivedObjects.intArray[2] = new Integer(2);
+
+            archivedObjects.charPairArray = new CharPair[3];
+            archivedObjects.charPairArray[0] = new CharPair('a', 'b');
+            archivedObjects.charPairArray[1] = new CharPair('c', 'd');
+            archivedObjects.charPairArray[2] = new CharPair('e', 'f');
+
+            archivedObjects.wrapperArray = new Wrapper[3];
+            archivedObjects.wrapperArray[0] = new Wrapper(0);
+            archivedObjects.wrapperArray[1] = new Wrapper(1);
+            archivedObjects.wrapperArray[2] = new Wrapper(2);
+        } else {
+            restored = true;
+            System.out.println("Initialized from CDS");
+            System.out.println("intArray " + archivedObjects.intArray);
+            System.out.println("charPairArray " + archivedObjects.charPairArray);
+            System.out.println("wrapperArray " + archivedObjects.wrapperArray);
+        }
+
+        for (Integer i : archivedObjects.intArray) {
+            System.out.println(i);
+        }
+
+        for (CharPair c : archivedObjects.charPairArray) {
+            System.out.println(c);
+        }
+
+        for (Wrapper w : archivedObjects.wrapperArray) {
+            System.out.println(w);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        if (!ValueClass.isFlatArray(archivedObjects.intArray)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Integer array should be flat");
+        }
+
+        if (!ValueClass.isFlatArray(archivedObjects.charPairArray)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("CharPair array should be flat");
+        }
+
+        if (!ValueClass.isFlatArray(archivedObjects.wrapperArray)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Wrapper array should be flat");
+        }
+
+        if (restored) {
+            // Ensure archived arrays are restored properly
+            Integer[] runtimeIntArray = new Integer[3];
+            runtimeIntArray[0] = new Integer(0);
+            runtimeIntArray[1] = new Integer(1);
+            runtimeIntArray[2] = new Integer(2);
+
+            CharPair[] runtimeCharPairArray = new CharPair[3];
+            runtimeCharPairArray[0] = new CharPair('a', 'b');
+            runtimeCharPairArray[1] = new CharPair('c', 'd');
+            runtimeCharPairArray[2] = new CharPair('e', 'f');
+
+            Wrapper[] runtimeWrapperArray = new Wrapper[3];
+            runtimeWrapperArray[0] = new Wrapper(0);
+            runtimeWrapperArray[1] = new Wrapper(1);
+            runtimeWrapperArray[2] = new Wrapper(2);
+
+            if (Arrays.compare(archivedObjects.intArray, runtimeIntArray) != 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Integer array not restored correctly");
+            }
+
+            if (Arrays.compare(archivedObjects.charPairArray, runtimeCharPairArray) != 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("CharPair array not restored correctly");
+            }
+
+            if (Arrays.compare(archivedObjects.wrapperArray, runtimeWrapperArray) != 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Wrapper array not restored correctly");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedFlatArrayTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedFlatArrayTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..90838fd92be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedFlatArrayTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test archived flat arrays
+ * @requires vm.cds.write.archived.java.heap
+ * @requires vm.debug
+ * @library /test/jdk/lib/testlibrary /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @compile ArchivedFlatArrayApp.java ArchivedArrayLayoutsApp.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar archived_flat_array.jar ArchivedFlatArrayApp
+ *                                                                                  ArchivedFlatArrayApp$ArchivedData
+ *                                                                                  ArchivedFlatArrayApp$CharPair
+ *                                                                                  ArchivedFlatArrayApp$Wrapper
+ *                                                                                  ArchivedArrayLayoutsApp
+ *                                                                                  ArchivedArrayLayoutsApp$Point
+ *                                                                                  ArchivedArrayLayoutsApp$ArchivedData
+ * @run main/othervm ArchivedFlatArrayTest
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSTestUtils;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
+
+public class ArchivedFlatArrayTest {
+
+    static String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("archived_flat_array.jar");
+    static String mainClass = "ArchivedFlatArrayApp";
+    static String mainClass2 = "ArchivedArrayLayoutsApp";
+
+    public static void test(String className, String[] classlist) throws Exception {
+        String[] suffix = TestCommon.list("--enable-preview",
+                                          "-Xbootclasspath/a:" + appJar,
+                                          "-XX:ArchiveHeapTestClass=" + className,
+                                          "--add-exports",
+                                          "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                                          "-Xlog:aot+heap");
+
+        OutputAnalyzer output = TestCommon.dump(appJar, classlist, suffix);
+        output.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+        output.shouldContain("Archived field " + className + "::archivedObjects");
+
+        output = TestCommon.exec(appJar, TestCommon.concat(suffix, className));
+        output.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+        output.shouldContain("init subgraph " + className);
+        output.shouldContain("Initialized from CDS");
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        test(mainClass, TestCommon.list(mainClass, "ArchivedFlatArrayApp$ArchivedData", "ArchivedFlatArrayApp$CharPair"));
+        test(mainClass2, TestCommon.list(mainClass2, "ArchivedArrayLayoutsApp$ArchivedData", "ArchivedArrayLayoutsApp$Point"));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/CheckIntegerCacheApp.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/CheckIntegerCacheApp.java
index 256871d817f..5068d203a91 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/CheckIntegerCacheApp.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/CheckIntegerCacheApp.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@
 //
 // args[0]: the expected maximum value expected to be archived
 //
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
+
 public class CheckIntegerCacheApp {
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         if (args.length != 1) {
@@ -76,9 +79,17 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
                     "FAILED. Value expected to be retrieved from cache: " + high);
         }
 
-        if (Integer.valueOf(high + 1) == Integer.valueOf(high + 1)) {
-            throw new RuntimeException(
-                    "FAILED. Value not expected to be retrieved from cache: " + high);
+        // In preview mode the Integer is a value class and the Integer cache is disabled
+        if (!PreviewFeatures.isEnabled()) {
+            if (Integer.valueOf(high + 1) == Integer.valueOf(high + 1)) {
+                throw new RuntimeException(
+                        "FAILED. Value not expected to be retrieved from cache: " + high);
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (Integer.valueOf(high + 1) != Integer.valueOf(high + 1)) {
+                throw new RuntimeException(
+                        "FAILED. Values must be equal in preview mode: " + high);
+            }
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/condy/CondyHello.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/condy/CondyHello.jasm
index ed42f13de3e..57c3c14f4b7 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/condy/CondyHello.jasm
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/condy/CondyHello.jasm
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
  * This test uses ldc to load an integer value via a condy bootstrap method.
  */
 
-class CondyHello
+super class CondyHello
         version 55:0
 {
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/customLoader/ClassListFormatE.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/customLoader/ClassListFormatE.java
index 2beb39d0b39..36382d729df 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/customLoader/ClassListFormatE.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/customLoader/ClassListFormatE.java
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ appJar, classlist(
                 "Hello",
                 "java/lang/Object id: 1",
                 "CustomInterface2_ia id: 2 super: 1 source: " + customJarPath,
-                "CustomLoadee id: 2 super: 1 interfaces: 2 source: " + customJarPath
+                "CustomLoadee id: 3 super: 1 interfaces: 2 source: " + customJarPath
             ),
             "The number of interfaces (1) specified in class list does not match the class file (0)");
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/dynamicArchive/DynamicArchiveRelocationTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/dynamicArchive/DynamicArchiveRelocationTest.java
index 085a380b203..26abad36bb7 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/dynamicArchive/DynamicArchiveRelocationTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/dynamicArchive/DynamicArchiveRelocationTest.java
@@ -30,9 +30,12 @@
  * @comment JDK-8231610 Relocate the CDS archive if it cannot be mapped to the requested address
  * @bug 8231610
  * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes
- * @build Hello
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile ../test-classes/HelloInlineClassApp.java ../test-classes/HelloRelocation.java
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar hello.jar Hello
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar hello.jar HelloRelocation HelloInlineClassApp HelloInlineClassApp$Point HelloInlineClassApp$Rectangle  HelloInlineClassApp$ValueRecord
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbootclasspath/a:. DynamicArchiveRelocationTest
  */
@@ -78,7 +81,7 @@ static void doTest() throws Exception {
         System.out.println("============================================================");
 
         String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("hello.jar");
-        String mainClass = "Hello";
+        String mainClass = "HelloRelocation";
         String maybeRelocation = "-XX:ArchiveRelocationMode=0";
         String alwaysRelocation = "-XX:ArchiveRelocationMode=1";
         String dumpTopRelocArg  = dump_top_reloc  ? alwaysRelocation : maybeRelocation;
@@ -94,12 +97,13 @@ static void doTest() throws Exception {
 
         // (1) Dump base archive (static)
 
-        TestCommon.dumpBaseArchive(baseArchiveName, unlockArg, logArg)
+        TestCommon.dumpBaseArchive(baseArchiveName, "--enable-preview", unlockArg, logArg)
           .shouldContain("Relocating archive from");
 
         // (2) Dump top archive (dynamic)
 
         dump2(baseArchiveName, topArchiveName,
+              "--enable-preview",
               unlockArg,
               dumpTopRelocArg,
               logArg,
@@ -113,6 +117,7 @@ static void doTest() throws Exception {
                 });
 
         run2(baseArchiveName, topArchiveName,
+             "--enable-preview",
              unlockArg,
              runRelocArg,
              logArg,
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/dynamicArchive/HelloDynamicInlineClass.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/dynamicArchive/HelloDynamicInlineClass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..59835b5ba6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/dynamicArchive/HelloDynamicInlineClass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Hello World test for dynamic archive
+ * @requires vm.cds
+ * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile ../test-classes/HelloInlineClassApp.java
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar hello_inline.jar HelloInlineClassApp HelloInlineClassApp$Point HelloInlineClassApp$Rectangle HelloInlineClassApp$ValueRecord
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbootclasspath/a:. HelloDynamicInlineClass
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
+
+public class HelloDynamicInlineClass extends DynamicArchiveTestBase {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        runTest(HelloDynamicInlineClass::test);
+    }
+
+    static void test() throws Exception {
+        String topArchiveName = getNewArchiveName("top");
+        String baseArchiveName = getNewArchiveName("base");
+        TestCommon.dumpBaseArchive(baseArchiveName, "--enable-preview", "-Xlog:cds");
+        doTest(baseArchiveName, topArchiveName);
+    }
+
+    private static void doTest(String baseArchiveName, String topArchiveName) throws Exception {
+        String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("hello_inline.jar");
+        String mainClass = "HelloInlineClassApp";
+        dump2(baseArchiveName, topArchiveName,
+             "--enable-preview",
+             "-Xlog:cds",
+             "-Xlog:cds+dynamic=debug",
+             "-cp", appJar, mainClass)
+            .assertNormalExit(output -> {
+                    output.shouldContain("Written dynamic archive 0x");
+                });
+        run2(baseArchiveName, topArchiveName,
+            "--enable-preview",
+            "-Xlog:class+load",
+            "-Xlog:cds+dynamic=debug,cds=debug",
+            "-cp", appJar, mainClass)
+            .assertNormalExit(output -> {
+                    output.shouldContain("HelloInlineClassApp$Point source: shared objects file")
+                          .shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+              });
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/dynamicArchive/NullableFlatFieldDynamicTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/dynamicArchive/NullableFlatFieldDynamicTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5c8587a48bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/dynamicArchive/NullableFlatFieldDynamicTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Nullable flat fields test for dynamic archive
+ * @requires vm.cds
+ * @requires vm.debug == true
+ * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile ../test-classes/NullableFlatFieldApp.java
+ * @compile ../../../../../../lib/jdk/test/lib/Asserts.java
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar nullable_flat.jar NullableFlatFieldApp
+ *  NullableFlatFieldApp$Value0 NullableFlatFieldApp$Container0
+ *  NullableFlatFieldApp$Value1a NullableFlatFieldApp$Value1b
+ *  NullableFlatFieldApp$Value2a NullableFlatFieldApp$Value2b
+ *  NullableFlatFieldApp$Container1 NullableFlatFieldApp$Container2
+ *  NullableFlatFieldApp$Value3 NullableFlatFieldApp$Container3
+ *  jdk/test/lib/Asserts
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbootclasspath/a:. NullableFlatFieldDynamicTest
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
+
+public class NullableFlatFieldDynamicTest extends DynamicArchiveTestBase {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        runTest(NullableFlatFieldDynamicTest::test);
+    }
+
+    static void test() throws Exception {
+        String topArchiveName = getNewArchiveName("top");
+        String baseArchiveName = getNewArchiveName("base");
+        TestCommon.dumpBaseArchive(baseArchiveName, "--enable-preview", "-Xlog:cds");
+        doTest(baseArchiveName, topArchiveName);
+    }
+
+    private static void doTest(String baseArchiveName, String topArchiveName) throws Exception {
+        String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("nullable_flat.jar");
+        String mainClass = "NullableFlatFieldApp";
+        dump2(baseArchiveName, topArchiveName,
+             "--enable-preview",
+             "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+             "-XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening",
+             "-XX:+PrintInlineLayout",
+             "-Xlog:cds",
+             "-Xlog:cds+dynamic=debug",
+             "-cp", appJar, mainClass)
+            .assertNormalExit(output -> {
+                    output.shouldContain("Written dynamic archive 0x");
+                });
+        run2(baseArchiveName, topArchiveName,
+            "--enable-preview",
+            "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+            "-XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening",
+            "-XX:+PrintInlineLayout",
+            "-Xlog:class+load",
+            "-Xlog:cds+dynamic=debug,cds=debug",
+            "-cp", appJar, mainClass)
+            .assertNormalExit(output -> {
+                    output.shouldContain("NullableFlatFieldApp source: shared objects file")
+                          .shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+              });
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/module/ModuleOption.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/module/ModuleOption.java
index 6339538bbb2..3039656acad 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/module/ModuleOption.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/module/ModuleOption.java
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         // e.g. JDK 22:     "java 22"
         //      JDK 22.0.1: "java 22.0.1"
         final String versionPattern = "java.[0-9][0-9].*";
+        final String noOptimizedModuleHandling = "optimized module handling: disabled because archive was created without optimized module handling";
         String archiveName = TestCommon.getNewArchiveName("module-option");
         TestCommon.setCurrentArchiveName(archiveName);
 
@@ -60,8 +61,10 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             "-version");
         oa.shouldHaveExitValue(0)
           // version of the jdk.httpserver module, e.g. java 22-ea
-          .shouldMatch(versionPattern)
-          .shouldMatch("aot,module.*Restored from archive: entry.0x.*name jdk.httpserver");
+          .shouldMatch(versionPattern);
+        if (!oa.contains(noOptimizedModuleHandling)) {
+            oa.shouldMatch("aot,module.*Restored from archive: entry.0x.*name jdk.httpserver");
+        }
 
         // different module specified during runtime
         oa = TestCommon.execCommon(
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/HelloInlineClassApp.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/HelloInlineClassApp.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c694f419e05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/HelloInlineClassApp.java
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+public class HelloInlineClassApp {
+
+    public HelloInlineClassApp() {
+        point = new Point(0, 0);
+        super();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Point {
+        int x, y;
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "(" + x + ", " + y + ")";
+        }
+
+        public Point(int x, int y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+
+        Point add(Point p1) {
+            return new Point(x + p1.x, y + p1.y);
+        }
+
+        Point add(Point p1, Point p2) {
+            return new Point(x + p1.x + p2.x, y + p1.y + p2.y);
+        }
+
+        Point add(Point p1, int x2, int y2, Point p3) {
+            return new Point(x + p1.x + x2 + p3.x, y + p1.y + y2 + p3.y);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Rectangle {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Point p0 = new Point(0,0);
+        @NullRestricted
+        Point p1 = new Point(1,1);
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    Point point;
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    static Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle();
+
+    static value record ValueRecord(int i, String name) {}
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        Point p = new Point(0, 123);
+        System.out.println("Point = " + p);
+        String req = "(0, 123)";
+        if (!p.toString().equals(req)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Expected " + req + " but got " + p);
+        }
+
+        Point p1 = new Point(1, 1);
+        Point p2 = new Point(2, 2);
+        Point p3 = new Point(3, 3);
+        int x2 = 200;
+        int y2 = 200;
+
+        int loops = 100000;
+        for (int i=0; i<loops; i++) {
+            p = p.add(p1);
+            p = p.add(p1, p2);
+            p = p.add(p1, x2, y2, p3);
+        }
+
+        int expectedX = 0 +
+            loops * p1.x +
+            loops * (p1.x + p2.x) +
+            loops * (p1.x + x2 + p3.x);
+
+        int expectedY = 123 +
+            loops * p1.y +
+            loops * (p1.y + p2.y) +
+            loops * (p1.y + y2 + p3.y);
+
+        System.out.println("Point (2) = " + p);
+
+        if (p.x != expectedX || p.y != expectedY) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Expected (" + expectedX + ", " + expectedY + " but got " + p);
+        }
+
+        Point pzero = new Point(0,0);
+        Point pone = new Point(1, 1);
+        if (HelloInlineClassApp.rectangle.p0 != pzero || HelloInlineClassApp.rectangle.p1 != pone) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Static field rectangle not as expected");
+        }
+
+        HelloInlineClassApp app = new HelloInlineClassApp();
+        if (app.point != pzero) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Non-static field point not as expected");
+        }
+
+        ValueRecord valueRec = new ValueRecord(30, "thirty");
+        if (!valueRec.toString().equals("ValueRecord[i=30, name=thirty]")) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("ValueRecord toString unexpected value: " + valueRec.toString());
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/HelloRelocation.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/HelloRelocation.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d9d679e0e1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/HelloRelocation.java
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+public class HelloRelocation {
+    public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
+        System.out.println("Hello World");
+        HelloInlineClassApp.main(args);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/InlineFieldExclusionApp.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/InlineFieldExclusionApp.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4a112b3cf97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/InlineFieldExclusionApp.java
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+import excluded.ExcludedValueClass;
+
+public class InlineFieldExclusionApp {
+
+    ExcludedValueClass v;
+
+    InlineFieldExclusionApp() {
+        v = new ExcludedValueClass();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String args[]) {
+        InlineFieldExclusionApp h = new InlineFieldExclusionApp();
+        ExcludedValueClass test = new ExcludedValueClass();
+        if (h.v != test) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should be flattened");
+        }
+        System.out.println("Hello from InlineFieldExclusionApp!");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/NullableFlatFieldApp.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/NullableFlatFieldApp.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..aad3f322f62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/NullableFlatFieldApp.java
@@ -0,0 +1,286 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class NullableFlatFieldApp {
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class Value0 {
+    long l;
+    int i;
+    short s;
+    byte b;
+
+    Value0() {
+      l = 0;
+      i = 0;
+      s = 0;
+      b = 0;
+    }
+
+    Value0(long l0, int i0, short s0, byte b0) {
+      l = l0;
+      i = i0;
+      s = s0;
+      b = b0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  static class Container0 {
+    Value0 val;
+    long l;
+    int i;
+  }
+
+  // Container0 had a external null marker located just between two Java fields,
+  // and test0 checks that updating the null marker doesn't corrupt
+  // the surrounding fields and vice-versa.
+  static void test0() {
+    Container0 c = new Container0();
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.val);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(c.l, 0L);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(c.i, 0);
+    c.l = -1L;
+    c.i = -1;
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.val);
+    Value0 v = new Value0(-1L, -1, (short)-1, (byte)-1);
+    c.val = v;
+    Asserts.assertEquals(c.l, -1L);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(c.i, -1);
+    Value0 vr = c.val;
+    Asserts.assertEquals(vr.l, -1L);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(vr.i, -1);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(vr.s, (short)-1);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(vr.b, (byte)-1);
+    c.val = null;
+    Asserts.assertEquals(c.l, -1L);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(c.i, -1);
+  }
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class Value1a {
+    long l;
+    short s;
+    byte b;
+
+    Value1a() {
+      l = 0;
+      s = 0;
+      b = 0;
+    }
+
+    Value1a(long l0, short s0, byte b0) {
+      l = l0;
+      s = s0;
+      b = b0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class Value1b {
+    @NullRestricted
+    Value1a vala;
+    long l;
+    int i;
+
+    Value1b() {
+      vala = new Value1a();
+      l = 1L;
+      i = 1;
+    }
+
+    Value1b(Value1a v0, long l0, int i0) {
+      vala = v0;
+      l = l0;
+      i = i0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  static class Container1 {
+    Value1b valb;
+  }
+
+  // Container1 has a nullable flat field with an internal null marker,
+  // test1 checks that updating the null marker doesn't corrupt the
+  // flat field's values
+  static void test1() {
+    Container1 c = new Container1();
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb);
+    Value1a va = new Value1a(-1L, (short)-1, (byte)-1);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(va.l, -1L);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(va.s, (short)-1);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(va.b, (byte)-1);
+    Value1b vb = new Value1b(va, -1L, -1);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(vb.vala);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(vb.vala.l, -1L);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(vb.vala.s, (short)-1);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(vb.vala.b, (byte)-1);
+    c.valb = vb;
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(c.valb, vb);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(c.valb.vala, va);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(c.valb.l, -1L);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(c.valb.i, -1);
+    c.valb = null;
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb);
+  }
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class Value2a {
+    long l;
+    int i;
+    byte b;
+    Value2a() {
+      l = 0;
+      i = 0;
+      b = 0;
+    }
+    Value2a(long l0, int i0, byte b0) {
+      l = l0;
+      i = i0;
+      b = b0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class Value2b {
+    long l;
+    Value2b() {
+      l = 0;
+    }
+    Value2b(long l0) {
+      l = l0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  static class Container2 {
+    Value2a vala;
+    Value2b valb0;
+    Value2b valb1;
+    int i;
+  }
+
+  // Container2 has 3 contiguous null markers,
+  // test2 checks that updating a null marker doesn't affect the other markers
+  public static void test2() {
+    Container2 c = new Container2();
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb1);
+    Value2a va = new Value2a(-1L, -1, (byte)-1);
+    c.vala = va;
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb1);
+    c.vala = null;
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb1);
+    Value2b vb = new Value2b(-1L);
+    c.valb0 = vb;
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb1);
+    c.valb0 = null;
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb1);
+    c.valb1 = vb;
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb1);
+    c.valb1 = null;
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb1);
+    c.vala = va;
+    c.valb0 = vb;
+    c.valb1 = vb;
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb1);
+    c.vala = null;
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb1);
+    c.vala = va;
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb1);
+    c.valb0 = null;
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb1);
+    c.valb0 = vb;
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb1);
+    c.valb1 = null;
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb1);
+    c.valb1 = vb;
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb1);
+  }
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class Value3 {
+    int i = 0;
+  }
+
+  static class Container3 {
+    Value3 val;
+  }
+
+  static Container3 getNullContainer3() {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  public static void test3() {
+    NullPointerException npe = null;
+    Container3 c = getNullContainer3();
+    try {
+      Value3 v = c.val;
+    } catch(NullPointerException e) {
+      npe = e;
+    }
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(npe);
+  }
+
+  public static void main(String[] args) {
+    // All tests are run twice to exercise both the unresolved bytecodes and the rewritten ones
+    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+      System.out.println("Pass " + i);
+      test0();
+      test1();
+      test2();
+      test3();
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/Point.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/Point.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fa0907eabbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/Point.java
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+public value class Point {
+  int i = 0, j = 0;
+
+  public String msg() {
+    return "___xxx___";
+  }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/RewriteBytecodesInline.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/RewriteBytecodesInline.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a10d566559a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/RewriteBytecodesInline.java
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+public class RewriteBytecodesInline {
+  public static void main(String args[]) throws Throwable {
+    String from = "___xxx___";
+    String to   = "___yyy___";
+    File clsFile = new File(args[0]);
+    Class fieldClass = Util.defineModifiedClass(MethodHandles.lookup(), clsFile, from, to);
+
+    WithInlinedField wif = new WithInlinedField();
+
+    if (wif.p.getClass() != fieldClass) {
+      throw new RuntimeException("Mismatched field class");
+    }
+
+    // Even if the Point class is not loaded from the CDS archive, make sure the WithInlinedField class
+    // can still be loaded successfully, and properly get the rewritten version of Point.
+    // The archived version of WithInlinedField must not be loaded, because it references the archived
+    // version of Point, but a different version of Point has been loaded.
+
+    if (!wif.p.msg().equals(to)) {
+      throw new RuntimeException("Wrong output, expected: " + to + ", but got: " + wif.p.msg());
+    }
+
+    WhiteBox wb = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+    if (wb.isSharedClass(fieldClass)) {
+      throw new RuntimeException("wb.isSharedClass(superClass) should be false");
+    }
+    if (wb.isSharedClass(wif.p.getClass())) {
+      throw new RuntimeException("wb.isSharedClass(child.getClass()) should be false");
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/StaticNullRestrictedExclusionApp.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/StaticNullRestrictedExclusionApp.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..04ea303fb6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/StaticNullRestrictedExclusionApp.java
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+import excluded.ExcludedValueClass;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+public class StaticNullRestrictedExclusionApp {
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    static ExcludedValueClass v = new ExcludedValueClass();
+    int i;
+
+    StaticNullRestrictedExclusionApp() {
+        i = 0;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String args[]) {
+        StaticNullRestrictedExclusionApp h = new StaticNullRestrictedExclusionApp();
+        ExcludedValueClass.foo();
+        System.out.println("Hello from StaticNullRestrictedExclusionApp!");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/WithInlinedField.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/WithInlinedField.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e8cbcb27eda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/WithInlinedField.java
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+public class WithInlinedField {
+  @NullRestricted
+  Point p;
+
+  public WithInlinedField() {
+    p = new Point();
+    super();
+  }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/excluded/ExcludedValueClass.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/excluded/ExcludedValueClass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ffbaeb6e753
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/excluded/ExcludedValueClass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+package excluded;
+
+// This value class will be placed in a signed JAR causing it to be excluded
+// during a CDS dump. If a field of this type is flattened or null-restricted,
+// the holder classes must be excluded from the archive as well.
+public value class ExcludedValueClass {
+    int i;
+
+    public ExcludedValueClass() {
+        i = 0;
+        System.out.println("Hello from ExcludedValueClass!");
+    }
+
+    public static void foo() {
+        System.out.println("Static method foo!");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/serviceability/ReplaceCriticalClassesForSubgraphs.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/serviceability/ReplaceCriticalClassesForSubgraphs.java
index 10eeef05b7c..0b1a30dea20 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/serviceability/ReplaceCriticalClassesForSubgraphs.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/serviceability/ReplaceCriticalClassesForSubgraphs.java
@@ -27,11 +27,16 @@
  * @summary Tests how CDS works when critical library classes are replaced with JVMTI ClassFileLoadHook
  * @library /test/lib
  * @requires vm.cds.write.archived.java.heap
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar whitebox.jar jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run main/othervm/native ReplaceCriticalClassesForSubgraphs
  */
 
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
+
 public class ReplaceCriticalClassesForSubgraphs extends ReplaceCriticalClasses {
     public static void main(String args[]) throws Throwable {
         ReplaceCriticalClassesForSubgraphs rcc = new ReplaceCriticalClassesForSubgraphs();
@@ -39,7 +44,7 @@ public static void main(String args[]) throws Throwable {
     }
 
     public String[] getTests() {
-        String tests[] = {
+        ArrayList<String> tests = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList(
             // Try to replace classes that are used by the archived subgraph graphs. (CDS should be disabled)
             "-early -notshared -subgraph java/lang/module/ResolvedModule jdk.internal.module.ArchivedModuleGraph",
             "-early -notshared -subgraph java/lang/Integer java.lang.Integer$IntegerCache",
@@ -48,15 +53,21 @@ public String[] getTests() {
             // JvmtiExport::early_class_hook_env() is false.
             "-subgraph java/lang/module/Configuration java.lang.module.Configuration",
             "-subgraph java/lang/ModuleLayer java.lang.ModuleLayer",
-            "-subgraph java/lang/Integer java.lang.Integer$IntegerCache",
 
             // Tests for archived full module graph. We cannot use whitebox, which requires appending to bootclasspath.
             // VM will disable full module graph if bootclasspath is appended.
             "-nowhitebox -early -notshared -subgraph java/lang/Module jdk.internal.module.ArchivedBootLayer",
             "-nowhitebox -early -notshared -subgraph java/lang/ModuleLayer jdk.internal.module.ArchivedBootLayer",
             "-nowhitebox -subgraph java/lang/Module jdk.internal.module.ArchivedBootLayer",
-            "-nowhitebox -subgraph java/lang/ModuleLayer jdk.internal.module.ArchivedBootLayer",
-        };
-        return tests;
+            "-nowhitebox -subgraph java/lang/ModuleLayer jdk.internal.module.ArchivedBootLayer"));
+
+        // IntegerCache does not exist in preview mode so it should not be expected in the output
+        if (!PreviewFeatures.isEnabled()) {
+            // CDS should not be disabled -- these critical classes cannot be replaced because
+            // JvmtiExport::early_class_hook_env() is false.
+            tests.add("-subgraph java/lang/Integer java.lang.Integer$IntegerCache");
+        }
+
+        return tests.toArray(new String[0]);
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/clinit/ClassInitBarrier.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/clinit/ClassInitBarrier.java
index 7dd4f85e25f..3b73bc1baa4 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/clinit/ClassInitBarrier.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/clinit/ClassInitBarrier.java
@@ -25,11 +25,7 @@
  * @test
  * @library /test/lib
  *
- * @run main/othervm/native -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test* -Xint                   -DTHROW=false -Xcheck:jni ClassInitBarrier
- * @run main/othervm/native -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test* -Xint                   -DTHROW=true  -Xcheck:jni ClassInitBarrier
- *
- * @run main/othervm/native -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test* -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1 -DTHROW=false -Xcheck:jni ClassInitBarrier
- * @run main/othervm/native -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test* -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1 -DTHROW=true  -Xcheck:jni ClassInitBarrier
+ * @enablePreview
  *
  * @run main/othervm/native -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test* -XX:-TieredCompilation  -DTHROW=false -Xcheck:jni ClassInitBarrier
  * @run main/othervm/native -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test* -XX:-TieredCompilation  -DTHROW=true  -Xcheck:jni ClassInitBarrier
@@ -65,7 +61,16 @@ public class ClassInitBarrier {
 
     static final boolean THROW = Boolean.getBoolean("THROW");
 
+    static value class MyValue {
+        int x = 42;
+
+        void verify() {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(x, 42);
+        }
+    }
+
     static class Test {
+
         static class A {
             static {
                 if (!init(B.class)) {
@@ -83,9 +88,9 @@ static class A {
                 changePhase(Phase.FINISHED);
             }
 
-            static              void staticM(Runnable action) { action.run(); }
-            static synchronized void staticS(Runnable action) { action.run(); }
-            static native       void staticN(Runnable action);
+            static              void staticM(Runnable action, MyValue val) { action.run(); val.verify(); }
+            static synchronized void staticS(Runnable action, MyValue val) { action.run(); val.verify(); }
+            static native       void staticN(Runnable action, MyValue val);
 
             static int staticF;
 
@@ -97,31 +102,31 @@ void m() {}
 
         static class B extends A {}
 
-        static void testInvokeStatic(Runnable action)       { A.staticM(action); }
-        static void testInvokeStaticSync(Runnable action)   { A.staticS(action); }
-        static void testInvokeStaticNative(Runnable action) { A.staticN(action); }
+        static void testInvokeStatic(Runnable action, MyValue val)       { A.staticM(action, val); }
+        static void testInvokeStaticSync(Runnable action, MyValue val)   { A.staticS(action, val); }
+        static void testInvokeStaticNative(Runnable action, MyValue val) { A.staticN(action, val); }
 
-        static int  testGetStatic(Runnable action)    { int v = A.staticF; action.run(); return v;   }
-        static void testPutStatic(Runnable action)    { A.staticF = 1;     action.run(); }
-        static A    testNewInstanceA(Runnable action) { A obj = new A();   action.run(); return obj; }
-        static B    testNewInstanceB(Runnable action) { B obj = new B();   action.run(); return obj; }
+        static int  testGetStatic(Runnable action, MyValue val)    { int v = A.staticF; action.run(); val.verify(); return v;   }
+        static void testPutStatic(Runnable action, MyValue val)    { A.staticF = 1;     action.run(); val.verify(); }
+        static A    testNewInstanceA(Runnable action, MyValue val) { A obj = new A();   action.run(); val.verify(); return obj; }
+        static B    testNewInstanceB(Runnable action, MyValue val) { B obj = new B();   action.run(); val.verify(); return obj; }
 
-        static int  testGetField(A recv, Runnable action)      { int v = recv.f; action.run(); return v; }
-        static void testPutField(A recv, Runnable action)      { recv.f = 1;     action.run(); }
-        static void testInvokeVirtual(A recv, Runnable action) { recv.m();       action.run(); }
+        static int  testGetField(A recv, Runnable action, MyValue val)      { int v = recv.f; action.run(); val.verify(); return v; }
+        static void testPutField(A recv, Runnable action, MyValue val)      { recv.f = 1;     action.run(); val.verify(); }
+        static void testInvokeVirtual(A recv, Runnable action, MyValue val) { recv.m();       action.run(); val.verify(); }
 
-        static native void testInvokeStaticJNI(Runnable action);
-        static native void testInvokeStaticSyncJNI(Runnable action);
-        static native void testInvokeStaticNativeJNI(Runnable action);
+        static native void testInvokeStaticJNI(Runnable action, MyValue val);
+        static native void testInvokeStaticSyncJNI(Runnable action, MyValue val);
+        static native void testInvokeStaticNativeJNI(Runnable action, MyValue val);
 
-        static native int  testGetStaticJNI(Runnable action);
-        static native void testPutStaticJNI(Runnable action);
-        static native A    testNewInstanceAJNI(Runnable action);
-        static native B    testNewInstanceBJNI(Runnable action);
+        static native int  testGetStaticJNI(Runnable action, MyValue val);
+        static native void testPutStaticJNI(Runnable action, MyValue val);
+        static native A    testNewInstanceAJNI(Runnable action, MyValue val);
+        static native B    testNewInstanceBJNI(Runnable action, MyValue val);
 
-        static native int  testGetFieldJNI(A recv, Runnable action);
-        static native void testPutFieldJNI(A recv, Runnable action);
-        static native void testInvokeVirtualJNI(A recv, Runnable action);
+        static native int  testGetFieldJNI(A recv, Runnable action, MyValue val);
+        static native void testPutFieldJNI(A recv, Runnable action, MyValue val);
+        static native void testInvokeVirtualJNI(A recv, Runnable action, MyValue val);
 
         static void runTests() {
             checkBlockingAction(Test::testInvokeStatic);       // invokestatic
@@ -138,7 +143,7 @@ static void runTests() {
             checkNonBlockingAction(Test::testPutStaticJNI);          // putstatic
             checkBlockingAction(Test::testNewInstanceAJNI);          // new
 
-            A recv = testNewInstanceB(NON_BLOCKING.get());  // trigger B initialization
+            A recv = testNewInstanceB(NON_BLOCKING.get(), new MyValue());  // trigger B initialization
             checkNonBlockingAction(Test::testNewInstanceB); // new: NO BLOCKING: same thread: A being initialized, B fully initialized
 
             checkNonBlockingAction(recv, Test::testGetField);      // getfield
@@ -152,18 +157,19 @@ static void runTests() {
         }
 
         static void warmup() {
+            MyValue val = new MyValue();
             for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; i++) {
-                testInvokeStatic(      NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP);
-                testInvokeStaticNative(NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP);
-                testInvokeStaticSync(  NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP);
-                testGetStatic(         NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP);
-                testPutStatic(         NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP);
-                testNewInstanceA(      NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP);
-                testNewInstanceB(      NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP);
-
-                testGetField(new B(),      NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP);
-                testPutField(new B(),      NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP);
-                testInvokeVirtual(new B(), NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP);
+                testInvokeStatic(      NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP, val);
+                testInvokeStaticNative(NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP, val);
+                testInvokeStaticSync(  NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP, val);
+                testGetStatic(         NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP, val);
+                testPutStatic(         NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP, val);
+                testNewInstanceA(      NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP, val);
+                testNewInstanceB(      NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP, val);
+
+                testGetField(new B(),      NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP, val);
+                testPutField(new B(),      NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP, val);
+                testInvokeVirtual(new B(), NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP, val);
             }
         }
 
@@ -263,11 +269,11 @@ private static void ensureFinished() {
     }
 
     interface TestCase0 {
-        void run(Runnable runnable);
+        void run(Runnable runnable, MyValue val);
     }
 
     interface TestCase1<T> {
-        void run(T arg, Runnable runnable);
+        void run(T arg, Runnable runnable, MyValue val);
     }
 
     enum Phase { BEFORE_INIT, IN_PROGRESS, FINISHED, INIT_FAILURE }
@@ -337,24 +343,25 @@ interface Factory<V> {
     static final Factory<Runnable> BLOCKING     = () -> disposableAction(Phase.FINISHED, BLOCKING_COUNTER, BLOCKING_ACTIONS);
 
     static void checkBlockingAction(TestCase0 r) {
+        MyValue val = new MyValue();
         switch (phase) {
             case IN_PROGRESS: {
                 // Barrier during class initalization.
-                r.run(NON_BLOCKING.get());             // initializing thread
+                r.run(NON_BLOCKING.get(), val);             // initializing thread
                 checkBlocked(ON_BLOCK, ON_FAILURE, r); // different thread
                 break;
             }
             case FINISHED: {
                 // No barrier after class initalization is over.
-                r.run(NON_BLOCKING.get()); // initializing thread
+                r.run(NON_BLOCKING.get(), val); // initializing thread
                 checkNotBlocked(r);        // different thread
                 break;
             }
             case INIT_FAILURE: {
                 // Exception is thrown after class initialization failed.
-                TestCase0 test = action -> execute(NoClassDefFoundError.class, () -> r.run(action));
+                TestCase0 test = (action, valarg) -> execute(NoClassDefFoundError.class, () -> r.run(action, valarg));
 
-                test.run(NON_BLOCKING.get()); // initializing thread
+                test.run(NON_BLOCKING.get(), val); // initializing thread
                 checkNotBlocked(test);        // different thread
                 break;
             }
@@ -363,17 +370,17 @@ static void checkBlockingAction(TestCase0 r) {
     }
 
     static void checkNonBlockingAction(TestCase0 r) {
-        r.run(NON_BLOCKING.get()); // initializing thread
+        r.run(NON_BLOCKING.get(), new MyValue()); // initializing thread
         checkNotBlocked(r);        // different thread
     }
 
     static <T> void checkNonBlockingAction(T recv, TestCase1<T> r) {
-        r.run(recv, NON_BLOCKING.get());                  // initializing thread
-        checkNotBlocked((action) -> r.run(recv, action)); // different thread
+        r.run(recv, NON_BLOCKING.get(), new MyValue());                  // initializing thread
+        checkNotBlocked((action, val) -> r.run(recv, action, val)); // different thread
     }
 
     static void checkFailingAction(TestCase0 r) {
-        r.run(NON_BLOCKING.get()); // initializing thread
+        r.run(NON_BLOCKING.get(), new MyValue()); // initializing thread
         checkNotBlocked(r);        // different thread
     }
 
@@ -391,7 +398,7 @@ static void triggerInitialization(Class<?> cls) {
     static void checkBlocked(Consumer<Thread> onBlockHandler, Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler onException, TestCase0 r) {
         Thread thr = new Thread(() -> {
             try {
-                r.run(BLOCKING.get());
+                r.run(BLOCKING.get(), new MyValue());
                 System.out.println("Thread " + Thread.currentThread() + ": Finished successfully");
             } catch(Throwable e) {
                 System.out.println("Thread " + Thread.currentThread() + ": Exception thrown: " + e);
@@ -419,7 +426,7 @@ static void checkBlocked(Consumer<Thread> onBlockHandler, Thread.UncaughtExcepti
     }
 
     static void checkNotBlocked(TestCase0 r) {
-        final Thread thr = new Thread(() -> r.run(NON_BLOCKING.get()));
+        final Thread thr = new Thread(() -> r.run(NON_BLOCKING.get(), new MyValue()));
         final Throwable[] ex = new Throwable[1];
         thr.setUncaughtExceptionHandler((t, e) -> {
             if (thr != t) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/clinit/libClassInitBarrier.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/clinit/libClassInitBarrier.cpp
index dce5c1057a8..3243399368e 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/clinit/libClassInitBarrier.cpp
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/clinit/libClassInitBarrier.cpp
@@ -54,13 +54,13 @@ extern "C" {
         test_class_B = (jclass)env->NewGlobalRef(arg1);
         if (test_class_B == nullptr)  return JNI_FALSE;
 
-        test_staticM_id = env->GetStaticMethodID(test_class_A, "staticM", "(Ljava/lang/Runnable;)V");
+        test_staticM_id = env->GetStaticMethodID(test_class_A, "staticM", "(Ljava/lang/Runnable;LClassInitBarrier$MyValue;)V");
         if (test_staticM_id == nullptr)  return JNI_FALSE;
 
-        test_staticS_id = env->GetStaticMethodID(test_class_A, "staticS", "(Ljava/lang/Runnable;)V");
+        test_staticS_id = env->GetStaticMethodID(test_class_A, "staticS", "(Ljava/lang/Runnable;LClassInitBarrier$MyValue;)V");
         if (test_staticS_id == nullptr)  return JNI_FALSE;
 
-        test_staticN_id = env->GetStaticMethodID(test_class_A, "staticN", "(Ljava/lang/Runnable;)V");
+        test_staticN_id = env->GetStaticMethodID(test_class_A, "staticN", "(Ljava/lang/Runnable;LClassInitBarrier$MyValue;)V");
         if (test_staticN_id == nullptr)  return JNI_FALSE;
 
         test_A_m_id = env->GetMethodID(test_class_A, "m", "()V");
@@ -79,16 +79,16 @@ extern "C" {
         env->CallVoidMethod(action, methodId);
     }
 
-    JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_ClassInitBarrier_00024Test_testInvokeStaticJNI(JNIEnv* env, jclass cls, jobject action) {
-        env->CallStaticVoidMethod(test_class_A, test_staticM_id, action);
+    JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_ClassInitBarrier_00024Test_testInvokeStaticJNI(JNIEnv* env, jclass cls, jobject action, jobject val) {
+        env->CallStaticVoidMethod(test_class_A, test_staticM_id, action, val);
     }
 
-    JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_ClassInitBarrier_00024Test_testInvokeStaticSyncJNI(JNIEnv* env, jclass cls, jobject action) {
-        env->CallStaticVoidMethod(test_class_A, test_staticS_id, action);
+    JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_ClassInitBarrier_00024Test_testInvokeStaticSyncJNI(JNIEnv* env, jclass cls, jobject action, jobject val) {
+        env->CallStaticVoidMethod(test_class_A, test_staticS_id, action, val);
     }
 
-    JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_ClassInitBarrier_00024Test_testInvokeStaticNativeJNI(JNIEnv* env, jclass cls, jobject action) {
-        env->CallStaticVoidMethod(test_class_A, test_staticN_id, action);
+    JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_ClassInitBarrier_00024Test_testInvokeStaticNativeJNI(JNIEnv* env, jclass cls, jobject action, jobject val) {
+        env->CallStaticVoidMethod(test_class_A, test_staticN_id, action, val);
     }
 
     JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_ClassInitBarrier_00024Test_testGetStaticJNI(JNIEnv* env, jclass cls, jobject action) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyBadBSMArrayTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyBadBSMArrayTest.java
index b6b23336377..b544685eaec 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyBadBSMArrayTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyBadBSMArrayTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ public static void main(String args[]) throws Throwable {
             throw new RuntimeException("Expected ClassFormatError exception not thrown");
         } catch (java.lang.ClassFormatError e) {
             if (!e.getMessage().contains("Short length on BootstrapMethods in class file")) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("ClassFormatError thrown, incorrect message");
+                throw new RuntimeException("ClassFormatError thrown, incorrect message: " + e.getMessage());
             }
             System.out.println("Test CondyEmptyBSMArray1 passed: " + e.getMessage());
         } catch (Throwable e) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyBadBSMIndex.jcod b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyBadBSMIndex.jcod
index ffc14daba52..657f4689169 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyBadBSMIndex.jcod
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyBadBSMIndex.jcod
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ class CondyBadBSMIndex {
     class #24; // #25    
   } // Constant Pool
 
-  0x0000; // access
+  0x0020; // access ACC_SUPER
   #25;// this_cpx
   #2;// super_cpx
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyBadLDC.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyBadLDC.jasm
index 4ae2a1bdf9c..a5f3ff3c609 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyBadLDC.jasm
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyBadLDC.jasm
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
  * constant is a double. VerifyError expected.
  */
 
-class CondyBadLDC
+super class CondyBadLDC
 	version 55:0
 {
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyBadLDC2_W.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyBadLDC2_W.jasm
index 07d5094c9c7..f960f0297b8 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyBadLDC2_W.jasm
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyBadLDC2_W.jasm
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
  * This test contains a ldc2_w instruction of a condy which returns a loadable float
  * constant.  VerifyError expected.
  */
-class CondyBadLDC2_W
+super class CondyBadLDC2_W
 	version 55:0
 {
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyEmptyBSMArray1.jcod b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyEmptyBSMArray1.jcod
index 9b181045793..779f8c7b697 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyEmptyBSMArray1.jcod
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyEmptyBSMArray1.jcod
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ class CondyEmptyBSMArray1 {
     class #24; // #25    
   } // Constant Pool
 
-  0x0000; // access
+  0x0020; // access ACC_SUPER
   #25;// this_cpx
   #2;// super_cpx
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyNoBSMArray.jcod b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyNoBSMArray.jcod
index 0e4ec580df0..1983777f9b2 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyNoBSMArray.jcod
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyNoBSMArray.jcod
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ class CondyNoBSMArray {
     class #24; // #25    
   } // Constant Pool
 
-  0x0000; // access
+  0x0020; // access ACC_SUPER
   #25;// this_cpx
   #2;// super_cpx
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyUseLDC_W.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyUseLDC_W.jasm
index 96f3d436170..14dce01c385 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyUseLDC_W.jasm
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyUseLDC_W.jasm
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
  * This test contains ldc_w instructions of condy's who generate dynamic constants
  * of the following types: byte, char, short, int, float, boolean.
  */
-class CondyUseLDC_W
+super class CondyUseLDC_W
 	version 55:0
 {
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyUsesIndyBSM.jcod b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyUsesIndyBSM.jcod
index 9cb91ba4fbb..92d97e62a93 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyUsesIndyBSM.jcod
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/CondyUsesIndyBSM.jcod
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ class CondyUsesIndyBSM {
     class #87; // #88    
   } // Constant Pool
 
-  0x0000; // access
+  0x0020; // access ACC_SUPER
   #88;// this_cpx
   #2;// super_cpx
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/IndyUsesCondyBSM.jcod b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/IndyUsesCondyBSM.jcod
index 78949cf00f7..4b2b6fb2366 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/IndyUsesCondyBSM.jcod
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/IndyUsesCondyBSM.jcod
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ class IndyUsesCondyBSM {
     NameAndType #40 #35; // #87     at 0x0501
   } // Constant Pool
 
-  0x0000; // access [ ]
+  0x0020; // access ACC_SUPER
   #5;// this_cpx
   #62;// super_cpx
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/staticInit/Example.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/staticInit/Example.jasm
index 708f5c65b45..152ea8d03e2 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/staticInit/Example.jasm
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/condy/staticInit/Example.jasm
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 // initialized before the condy call.
 // Test that second invocation gets same error as first.
 
-public class Example
+super public class Example
         version 55:0
 {
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/contended/OopMapsCustomValue.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/contended/OopMapsCustomValue.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5a187d78f55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/contended/OopMapsCustomValue.java
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.Contended;
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.AsValueClass;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug     8384107
+ * @summary Test contended field layout and oop maps with flattened value types
+ *
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-RestrictContended -XX:ContendedPaddingWidth=128 -Xmx128m OopMapsCustomValue
+ */
+public class OopMapsCustomValue {
+    public static final int COUNT = 10000;
+
+    // Small value type (32 bits) — guaranteed to be flattened
+    @AsValueClass
+    static class Small {
+        int x;
+        Small(int x) { this.x = x; }
+    }
+
+    // Value type with reference + primitive — flattened with compressed oops,
+    // not flattened with full size oops, creating distinct layout patterns
+    @AsValueClass
+    static class Opt {
+        Object o;
+        boolean b;
+        Opt(Object o, boolean b) { this.o = o; this.b = b; }
+    }
+
+    // Contended fields using exact value types for flattening
+    public static class R0 {
+        int i1;
+        int i2;
+        Small s01;
+        Small s02;
+        @Contended
+        Small s03;
+        @Contended
+        Small s04;
+        @Contended
+        Opt opt01;
+        @Contended
+        Opt opt02;
+    }
+
+    public static class R1 extends R0 {
+        int i3;
+        int i4;
+        Small s05;
+        Small s06;
+        @Contended
+        Small s07;
+        @Contended
+        Small s08;
+        @Contended
+        Opt opt03;
+        @Contended
+        Opt opt04;
+    }
+
+    // Same-group contended with exact value types
+    public static class G {
+        @Contended("g1")
+        Small s01;
+        @Contended("g1")
+        Opt opt01;
+        @Contended("g2")
+        Small s02;
+        @Contended("g2")
+        Opt opt02;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        testContendedValueFields();
+        testContendedSameGroup();
+    }
+
+    static void testContendedValueFields() {
+        Object anchor = new Object();
+
+        R1[] rs = new R1[COUNT];
+        for (int i = 0; i < COUNT; i++) {
+            R1 r = new R1();
+            r.s01 = new Small(1);
+            r.s02 = new Small(2);
+            r.s03 = new Small(3);
+            r.s04 = new Small(4);
+            r.opt01 = new Opt(anchor, true);
+            r.opt02 = new Opt(anchor, false);
+            r.i1 = 1;
+            r.i2 = 2;
+            r.s05 = new Small(5);
+            r.s06 = new Small(6);
+            r.s07 = new Small(7);
+            r.s08 = new Small(8);
+            r.opt03 = new Opt(anchor, true);
+            r.opt04 = new Opt(anchor, false);
+            r.i3 = 3;
+            r.i4 = 4;
+            rs[i] = r;
+        }
+
+        System.gc();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < COUNT; i++) {
+            R1 r = rs[i];
+            if (r.s01.x != 1) throw new Error("s01");
+            if (r.s02.x != 2) throw new Error("s02");
+            if (r.s03.x != 3) throw new Error("s03");
+            if (r.s04.x != 4) throw new Error("s04");
+            if (r.opt01.o != anchor || r.opt01.b != true) throw new Error("opt01");
+            if (r.opt02.o != anchor || r.opt02.b != false) throw new Error("opt02");
+            if (r.i1 != 1) throw new Error("i1");
+            if (r.i2 != 2) throw new Error("i2");
+            if (r.s05.x != 5) throw new Error("s05");
+            if (r.s06.x != 6) throw new Error("s06");
+            if (r.s07.x != 7) throw new Error("s07");
+            if (r.s08.x != 8) throw new Error("s08");
+            if (r.opt03.o != anchor || r.opt03.b != true) throw new Error("opt03");
+            if (r.opt04.o != anchor || r.opt04.b != false) throw new Error("opt04");
+            if (r.i3 != 3) throw new Error("i3");
+            if (r.i4 != 4) throw new Error("i4");
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testContendedSameGroup() {
+        Object anchor = new Object();
+
+        G[] gs = new G[COUNT];
+        for (int i = 0; i < COUNT; i++) {
+            G g = new G();
+            g.s01 = new Small(1);
+            g.opt01 = new Opt(anchor, true);
+            g.s02 = new Small(2);
+            g.opt02 = new Opt(anchor, false);
+            gs[i] = g;
+        }
+
+        System.gc();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < COUNT; i++) {
+            G g = gs[i];
+            if (g.s01.x != 1) throw new Error("g1 s01");
+            if (g.opt01.o != anchor || g.opt01.b != true) throw new Error("g1 opt01");
+            if (g.s02.x != 2) throw new Error("g2 s02");
+            if (g.opt02.o != anchor || g.opt02.b != false) throw new Error("g2 opt02");
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/exceptionMsgs/NullPointerException/NullPointerExceptionTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/exceptionMsgs/NullPointerException/NullPointerExceptionTest.java
index 7f7aca87437..399cda958db 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/exceptionMsgs/NullPointerException/NullPointerExceptionTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/exceptionMsgs/NullPointerException/NullPointerExceptionTest.java
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ public void testFailedAction() {
         } catch (NullPointerException e) {
             checkMessage(e, "oa1[0] = new Object();", e.getMessage(),
                          "Cannot store to object array because " +
-                         (hasDebugInfo ? "\"oa1\"" : "\"<local3>\"") + " is null");
+                         (hasDebugInfo ? "\"oa1\"" : "\"<local3>\"") + " is null or is a null-free array and there's an attempt to store null in it");
         }
         // bastore (boolean)
         try {
@@ -1366,7 +1366,7 @@ public void testNative() throws Exception {
         // If NPE is thrown in a native method, the message should
         // not be generated.
         try {
-            Array.get(null,0);
+            Array.getLength(null);
             Asserts.fail();
         } catch (NullPointerException e) {
             Asserts.assertNull(e.getMessage());
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/modules/PatchModule/PatchModuleDupModule.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/modules/PatchModule/PatchModuleDupModule.java
index 464a15f78bd..13e3c632566 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/modules/PatchModule/PatchModuleDupModule.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/modules/PatchModule/PatchModuleDupModule.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @summary Module system initialization exception results if a module is specificed twice to --patch-module.
+ * @summary If a module is specificed twice to --patch-module, it should print an error
  * @requires vm.flagless
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @library /test/lib
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@
 
 public class PatchModuleDupModule {
 
-  // The module system initialization should generate an ExceptionInInitializerError
   // if --patch-module is specified with the same module more than once.
+  // The launcher should print an error.
 
   public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
     ProcessBuilder pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder(
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/AbstractValueClassTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/AbstractValueClassTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..100c95b4ada
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/AbstractValueClassTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8293134
+ * @summary Test that a super abstract value class is allowed.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.AbstractValueClassTest
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+public class AbstractValueClassTest {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        A a = new A();
+        a.doit(a);
+    }
+    public static abstract value class T {
+        public abstract void doit(T t);
+    }
+
+    public static final value class A extends T {
+        public void doit(T t) {
+            System.out.println(t);
+        }
+    }
+    public static final value class B extends T {
+        public void doit(T t) {
+            System.out.println(t);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/AcmpTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/AcmpTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b04498f87c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/AcmpTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+
+/*
+ * @test AcmpTest
+ * @summary Test acmp with various layouts of values
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.AcmpTest
+ */
+public class AcmpTest {
+    static record TestCase(Object a, Object b, boolean equal) {}
+
+    static value class IntValue {
+        int value;
+
+        public IntValue(int val) {
+            value = val;
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "IntValue(" + value +
+                ", bits=0x" + Integer.toHexString(value) + ")";
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class NestedValue {
+        IntValue value;
+
+        public NestedValue(IntValue val) {
+            value = val;
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "NestedValue(" + value + ")";
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value record TwoLongs(long l0, long l1) {}
+
+    static value record MyShort(short s) { }
+
+    static abstract value class AbstractShort {
+        MyShort s;
+
+        AbstractShort(MyShort s) {
+            this.s = s;
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "AbstractShort(" + s + ")";
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class NShortInt extends AbstractShort {
+        int i;
+
+        NShortInt(MyShort s, int i) {
+            this.i = i;
+            super(s);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "NShortInt((" + s +
+                "), (" + i + ", bits=0x" + Integer.toHexString(i) + "))";
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value record ThreeBytes(byte b0, byte b1, byte b2) {}
+    static value record ThreeBytesPlusOne(ThreeBytes tb, byte b) {}
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+
+        final byte[] BYTE_EDGE_CASES = {
+            (byte)0, (byte)-1, (byte)1,
+            Byte.MIN_VALUE, Byte.MAX_VALUE
+        };
+
+        final short[] SHORT_EDGE_CASES = {
+            (short)0, (short)-1, (short)1,
+            Short.MIN_VALUE, Short.MAX_VALUE
+        };
+
+        final int[] INT_EDGE_CASES = {
+            0, -1, 1,
+            Integer.MIN_VALUE, Integer.MAX_VALUE
+        };
+
+        final long[] LONG_EDGE_CASES = {
+            0, -1, 1,
+            Long.MIN_VALUE, Long.MAX_VALUE
+        };
+
+        // Preparing NestValues test cases
+        var nestedValueValues = new ArrayList<NestedValue>();
+        for (int i : INT_EDGE_CASES) {
+            nestedValueValues.add(new NestedValue(new IntValue(i)));
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < nestedValueValues.size(); i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < nestedValueValues.size(); j++) {
+                run(nestedValueValues.get(i), nestedValueValues.get(j), i == j);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Preparing TwoLongs test cases
+        var twoLongsValues = new ArrayList<TwoLongs>();
+        for (long l0 : LONG_EDGE_CASES) {
+            for (long l1 : LONG_EDGE_CASES) {
+                twoLongsValues.add(new TwoLongs(l0, l1));
+            }
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < twoLongsValues.size(); i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < twoLongsValues.size(); j++) {
+                run(twoLongsValues.get(i), twoLongsValues.get(j), i == j);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Preparing NShortInt test cases
+        var myShortValues = new ArrayList<MyShort>();
+        for (short s : SHORT_EDGE_CASES) {
+            myShortValues.add(new MyShort(s));
+        }
+        myShortValues.add(null);
+        var nShortIntValues = new ArrayList<NShortInt>();
+        for (MyShort ms : myShortValues) {
+            for (int i : INT_EDGE_CASES) {
+                nShortIntValues.add(new NShortInt(ms, i));
+            }
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < nShortIntValues.size(); i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < nShortIntValues.size(); j++) {
+                run(nShortIntValues.get(i), nShortIntValues.get(j), i == j);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Preparing ThreeBytesPlusOne test cases
+        var threeBytesValues = new ArrayList<ThreeBytes>();
+        for (byte b0 : BYTE_EDGE_CASES) {
+            for (byte b1 : BYTE_EDGE_CASES) {
+                for (byte b2 : BYTE_EDGE_CASES) {
+                    threeBytesValues.add(new ThreeBytes(b0, b1, b2));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        threeBytesValues.add(null);
+        var threeBytesPlusOneValues = new ArrayList<ThreeBytesPlusOne>();
+        for (ThreeBytes v : threeBytesValues) {
+            for (byte b : BYTE_EDGE_CASES) {
+                threeBytesPlusOneValues.add(new ThreeBytesPlusOne(v, b));
+            }
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < threeBytesPlusOneValues.size(); i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < threeBytesPlusOneValues.size(); j++) {
+                run(threeBytesPlusOneValues.get(i), threeBytesPlusOneValues.get(j), i == j);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void run(Object a, Object b, boolean equal) {
+        boolean res = a == b;
+        if (res != equal) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Incorrect result'" + res + "' for " + a + " == " + b);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/AnnotationsTests.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/AnnotationsTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1f2b9eb034a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/AnnotationsTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import java.lang.management.ManagementFactory;
+import java.lang.management.RuntimeMXBean;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.util.List;
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test of NullRestricted, Strict and LooselyConsistentValue annotations
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.AnnotationsTests
+ */
+
+ public class AnnotationsTests {
+    private static final WhiteBox WHITEBOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+    private static final boolean UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening = WHITEBOX.getBooleanVMFlag("UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening");
+
+    private static final Unsafe UNSAFE = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        RuntimeMXBean runtimeMxBean = ManagementFactory.getRuntimeMXBean();
+        AnnotationsTests tests = new AnnotationsTests();
+        Class c = tests.getClass();
+        for (Method m : c.getDeclaredMethods()) {
+            if (m.getName().startsWith("test_")) {
+                try {
+                    System.out.println("Running " + m.getName());
+                  m.invoke(tests);
+                } catch (Throwable t) {
+                  t.printStackTrace();
+                  throw new RuntimeException(t);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test invalid usage of @LooselyConsistentValue on an identity class
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static class BadClass4 {
+
+    }
+
+    void test_4() {
+        Throwable exception = null;
+        try {
+            BadClass4 tc = new BadClass4();
+        } catch (ClassFormatError e) {
+            exception = e;
+            System.out.println("Received " + e);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(exception, "Failed to detect illegal use of @LooselyConsistentValue");
+    }
+
+    // Test field flattening of @NullRestricted annotated fields
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class ValueClass5 {
+        int i = 0;
+    }
+
+    static class GoodClass5 {
+        ValueClass5 f0 = new ValueClass5();
+
+        @NullRestricted
+        ValueClass5 f1;
+
+        GoodClass5() {
+            f1 = new ValueClass5();
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    void test_5() {
+        Throwable exception = null;
+        try {
+            GoodClass5 vc = new GoodClass5();
+            Field f0 = vc.getClass().getDeclaredField("f0");
+            if (UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening) {
+                Asserts.assertTrue(UNSAFE.isFlatField(f0), "Flat field expected, but field is not flat");
+            } else {
+                Asserts.assertFalse(UNSAFE.isFlatField(f0), "Unexpected flat field");
+            }
+            Field f1 = vc.getClass().getDeclaredField("f1");
+            Asserts.assertTrue(UNSAFE.isFlatField(f1), "Flat field expected, but field is not flat");
+        } catch (IncompatibleClassChangeError e) {
+            exception = e;
+            System.out.println("Received " + e);
+        } catch(NoSuchFieldException e) {
+            Asserts.fail("Test error");
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(exception, "Unexpected exception: " + exception);
+    }
+
+
+    // Test detection/handling of circularity
+
+    static value class ValueClass6a {
+        @NullRestricted
+        ValueClass6b val = new ValueClass6b();
+    }
+
+    static value class ValueClass6b {
+        @NullRestricted
+        ValueClass6a val = new ValueClass6a();
+    }
+
+    static class BadClass6 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        ValueClass6a val;
+
+        BadClass6() {
+            val = new ValueClass6a();
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    void test_6() {
+        Throwable exception = null;
+        try {
+            BadClass6 bc = new BadClass6();
+        } catch (StackOverflowError e) {
+            exception = e;
+            System.out.println("Received " + e);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(exception, "Failed to trigger infinite recursion");
+    }
+
+    // Test null restricted static field
+    static value class ValueClass7 {
+        int i = 0;
+    }
+
+    static class GoodClass7 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        static ValueClass7 sval = new ValueClass7();
+    }
+
+    void test_7() {
+        Throwable exception = null;
+        try {
+            ValueClass7 val = GoodClass7.sval;
+            Asserts.assertNotNull(val, "Unexpected null value");
+        } catch (Throwable e) {
+            exception = e;
+            System.out.println("Received " + e);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(exception, "Unexpected exception: " + exception);
+    }
+
+    // Test circularity on static fields
+    static value class ValueClass8 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        static ValueClass8 sval = new ValueClass8();
+    }
+
+    void test_8() {
+        Throwable exception = null;
+        try {
+            ValueClass8 val = ValueClass8.sval;
+            Asserts.assertNotNull(val, "Unexpected null value");
+        } catch (Throwable e) {
+            exception = e;
+            System.out.println("Received " + e);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(exception, "Unexpected exception: " + exception);
+    }
+
+    // Test that writing null to a @NullRestricted non-static field throws an exception
+    static value class ValueClass9 {
+        int i = 0;
+    }
+
+    static class GoodClass9 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        ValueClass9 val;
+
+        GoodClass9() {
+            val = new ValueClass9();
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    void test_9() {
+        Throwable exception = null;
+        try {
+            GoodClass9 gc = new GoodClass9();
+            gc.val = null;
+        } catch(NullPointerException e) {
+            exception = e;
+            System.out.println("Received " + e);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(exception, "Expected NullPointerException not received");
+    }
+
+    // Test that writing null to a @NullRestricted static field throws an exception
+    static value class ValueClass10 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        static ValueClass10 sval = new ValueClass10();
+    }
+
+    void test_10() {
+        Throwable exception = null;
+        try {
+            ValueClass10.sval = null;
+        } catch(NullPointerException e) {
+            exception = e;
+            System.out.println("Received " + e);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(exception, "Expected NullPointerException not received");
+    }
+
+    // Test illegal use of @NullRestricted on a primitive field
+    static class BadClass12 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        int i;
+
+        BadClass12() {
+            i = 0;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+    void test_12() {
+        Throwable exception = null;
+        try {
+            BadClass12 val = new BadClass12();
+            System.out.println(val);
+        } catch(ClassFormatError e) {
+            exception = e;
+            System.out.println("Received " + e);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(exception, "Expected ClassFormatError not received");
+    }
+
+    // Test illegal use of @NullRestricted on an array field
+    static class BadClass13 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        int[] intArray;
+
+        BadClass13() {
+            intArray = new int[1];
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+    void test_13() {
+        Throwable exception = null;
+        try {
+            BadClass13 val = new BadClass13();
+            System.out.println(val);
+        } catch(ClassFormatError e) {
+            exception = e;
+            System.out.println("Received " + e);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(exception, "Expected ClassFormatError not received");
+    }
+
+ }
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ArrayCopyStoreNull.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ArrayCopyStoreNull.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6c8719ba6ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ArrayCopyStoreNull.java
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8382937
+ * @summary System.arraycopy must throw NPE when copying null into a null-restricted array.
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:-UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:-UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ArrayCopyStoreNull
+ */
+public class ArrayCopyStoreNull {
+    value record MyRecord(int f) {}
+
+    public static void main(String... args) {
+        MyRecord[] nullableArray =
+                (MyRecord[]) ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyRecord.class, 2);
+        MyRecord[] nullRestrictedArray =
+                (MyRecord[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyRecord.class, 2, new MyRecord(1));
+
+        // Non-null value can be copied into a null-restricted array.
+        nullableArray[0] = new MyRecord(42);
+        System.arraycopy(nullableArray, 0, nullRestrictedArray, 0, 1);
+
+        // Null value cannot be copied into a null-restricted array.
+        nullableArray[1] = null;
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(nullableArray, 1, nullRestrictedArray, 1, 1);
+        } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        throw new RuntimeException("System.arraycopy did not throw the required NullPointerException");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ArrayQueryTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ArrayQueryTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..30773d572a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ArrayQueryTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test ValueClass APIs to get array properties
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+UseArrayFlattening -XX:+UseFieldFlattening
+ *           -XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening
+ *           runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ArrayQueryTest
+ */
+
+ package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+ import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+ import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+ import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+
+ public class ArrayQueryTest {
+
+    static value class SmallValue {
+        short i = 0;
+        short j = 0;
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class WeakValue {
+        short i = 0;
+        short j = 0;
+    }
+
+    static value class NaturallyAtomic {
+        int i = 0;
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class BigValue {
+        long l0 = 0L;
+        long l1 = 0L;
+        long l2 = 0L;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        SmallValue[] array0 = new SmallValue[10];
+        Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(array0));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array0));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(array0));
+
+        Object[] array1 = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, 10, new SmallValue());
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(array1));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array1));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(array1));
+
+        Object[] array2 = ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, 10);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(array2));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array2));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(array2));
+
+        Object[] array3 = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(WeakValue.class, 10, new WeakValue());
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(array3));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array3));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(array3));
+
+        Object[] array4 = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(WeakValue.class, 10, new WeakValue());
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(array4));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array4));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(array4));
+
+        Object[] array5 = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(NaturallyAtomic.class, 10, new NaturallyAtomic());
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(array5));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array5));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(array5));
+
+        Object[] array6 = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BigValue.class, 10, new BigValue());
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(array6));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array6));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(array6));
+
+        Object[] array7 = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(BigValue.class, 10, new BigValue());
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(array7));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array7));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(array7));
+
+        Object[] array8 = ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(BigValue.class, 10);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(array8));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array8));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(array8));
+    }
+
+ }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ClassInitializationFailuresTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ClassInitializationFailuresTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..35ae940fe2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ClassInitializationFailuresTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test several scenarios of class initialization failures
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile ClassInitializationFailuresTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ClassInitializationFailuresTest
+*/
+public class ClassInitializationFailuresTest {
+    static boolean failingInitialization = true;
+    static Object bo = null;
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class BadOne {
+        int i = 0;
+        static {
+            if (ClassInitializationFailuresTest.failingInitialization) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Failing initialization");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class TestClass1 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        BadOne badField = new BadOne();
+    }
+
+    // Test handling of errors during the initialization of a value class
+    // Initialization of TestClass1 triggers the initialization of classes
+    // of all its value class typed fields, in this case BadOne
+    // Static initializer of BadOne throws an exception, so BadOne's initialization
+    // fails, which must caused the initialization of TestClass1 to fail too
+    // First attempt to instantiate TestClass1 must fail with an ExceptionInInitializerError
+    // because an exception has been thrown during the initialization process
+    // Second attempt to instantiate TestClass1 must fail with a NoClassDefFoundError
+    // because TestClass1 must already be in a failed initialization state (so no new
+    // attempt to initialize the class)
+    static void testClassInitialization() {
+        Throwable e = null;
+        try {
+            TestClass1 t1 = new TestClass1();
+        } catch(Throwable t) {
+            e = t;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(e, "Exception should have been thrown");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(e.getClass() == ExceptionInInitializerError.class, "Must be an ExceptionInInitializerError");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(e.getCause().getClass() == RuntimeException.class, "Must be the exception thown in the static initializer of BadOne");
+        // Second attempt because it doesn't fail the same way
+        e = null;
+        try {
+            TestClass1 t1 = new TestClass1();
+        } catch(Throwable t) {
+            e = t;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(e, "Error should have been thrown");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(e.getClass() == NoClassDefFoundError.class, "Must be a NoClassDefFoundError");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(e.getCause().getClass() == ExceptionInInitializerError.class, "Must be an ExceptionInInitializerError");
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class BadTwo {
+        int i = 0;
+        static {
+            if (ClassInitializationFailuresTest.failingInitialization) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Failing initialization");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class BadThree {
+        int i = 0;
+        static {
+            if (ClassInitializationFailuresTest.failingInitialization) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Failing initialization");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same test as above, but for arrays of value objects
+    static void testArrayInitialization() {
+        // Testing anewarray when the value element class fails to initialize properly
+        Throwable e = null;
+        try {
+            BadTwo[] array = (BadTwo[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadTwo.class, 10, new BadTwo());
+        } catch(Throwable t) {
+            e = t;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(e, "Error should have been thrown");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(e.getClass() == ExceptionInInitializerError.class, " Must be an ExceptionInInitializerError");
+        // Second attempt because it doesn't fail the same way
+        try {
+            BadTwo[] array = (BadTwo[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadTwo.class, 10, new BadTwo());
+        } catch(Throwable t) {
+            e = t;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(e, "Error should have been thrown");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(e.getClass() == NoClassDefFoundError.class, "Must be a NoClassDefFoundError");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(e.getCause().getClass() == ExceptionInInitializerError.class, "Must be an ExceptionInInitializerError");
+        /*
+        Transition model (annotations and array factory) doesn't permit multi-dimentional arrays tests
+        Disabling those tests for now
+        Testing multianewarray when the value element class fails to initialize properly
+        try {
+            BadThree[][] array = new BadThree[10][20];
+        } catch(Throwable t) {
+            e = t;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(e, "Error should have been thrown");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(e.getClass() == ExceptionInInitializerError.class, " Must be an ExceptionInInitializerError");
+        // Second attempt because it doesn't fail the same way
+        try {
+            BadThree[][][] array = new BadThree[10][30][10];
+        } catch(Throwable t) {
+            e = t;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(e, "Error should have been thrown");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(e.getClass() == NoClassDefFoundError.class, "Must be a NoClassDefFoundError");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(e.getCause().getClass() == ExceptionInInitializerError.class, "Must be an ExceptionInInitializerError");
+        */
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class BadFour {
+        int i = 0;
+        static BadFour[] array;
+        static {
+            array = (BadFour[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BadFour.class, 10, new BadFour());
+            if (ClassInitializationFailuresTest.failingInitialization) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Failing initialization");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Even if a value class fails to initialize properly, some instances
+    // of this class can escape and be accessible. The JVM must be able to
+    // deal with those instances without crashes. The test below checks that
+    // escaped values stored in an array are handled correctly
+    static void testEscapedValueInArray() {
+        Throwable e = null;
+        try {
+            BadFour bt = new BadFour();
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            e = t;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(e, "Error must have been thrown");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(e.getClass() == ExceptionInInitializerError.class, " Must be an ExceptionInInitializerError");
+        e = null;
+        try {
+            BadFour t = BadFour.array[0];
+        } catch(Throwable t) {
+            e = t;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(e, "Error should have been thrown");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(e.getClass() == NoClassDefFoundError.class, "Must be a NoClassDefFoundError");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(e.getCause().getClass() == ExceptionInInitializerError.class, "Must be an ExceptionInInitializerError");
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class BadFive {
+        int i = 0;
+        static {
+            ClassInitializationFailuresTest.bo = new BadSix();
+            if (ClassInitializationFailuresTest.failingInitialization) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Failing initialization");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class BadSix {
+        BadFive bf = new BadFive();
+    }
+
+    // Same test as above, but escaped values are stored in an object
+    static void testEscapedValueInObject() {
+        Throwable e = null;
+        try {
+            BadSix bt = new BadSix();
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            e = t;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(e, "Error must have been thrown");
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(ClassInitializationFailuresTest.bo, "bo object should have been set");
+        BadFive bf = ((BadSix)ClassInitializationFailuresTest.bo).bf;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        testClassInitialization();
+        testArrayInitialization();
+        testEscapedValueInArray();
+        testEscapedValueInObject();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ClassPrintLayoutDcmd.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ClassPrintLayoutDcmd.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..afbe6e2182f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ClassPrintLayoutDcmd.java
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, Alibaba Group Holding Limited. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.JDKToolFinder;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test the VM.class_print_layout command
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile ClassPrintLayoutDcmd.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ClassPrintLayoutDcmd
+ */
+
+public value class ClassPrintLayoutDcmd {
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Point {
+        int i = 0;
+        int j = 0;
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Line {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Point p1;
+        @NullRestricted
+        Point p2;
+        Line() {
+            this.p1 = this.p2 = new Point();
+        }
+    }
+    static {
+        try {
+            Class.forName(Line.class.getName());
+        } catch(Throwable e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("failed to find class");
+        }
+    }
+    static ProcessBuilder pb = new ProcessBuilder();
+
+    static void testCmd(String arg, int expectExitCode, String... expectStrings) throws Exception {
+        // Grab my own PID
+        String pid = Long.toString(ProcessTools.getProcessId());
+
+        pb.command(new String[] { JDKToolFinder.getJDKTool("jcmd"), pid, "VM.class_print_layout", arg });
+        OutputAnalyzer output = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+        output.shouldHaveExitValue(expectExitCode);
+        for (String expectString : expectStrings) {
+            output.shouldContain(expectString);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
+        testCmd("foo/bar", 0, "");
+        testCmd("", 1, "IllegalArgumentException", "mandatory");
+        testCmd("java/lang/Object", 0, "java/lang/Object", "@bootstrap");
+        testCmd("java/lang/Class", 0, "java/lang/Class", "@bootstrap");
+        testCmd("runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ClassPrintLayoutDcmd$Line", 0, "@app", "p1", "p2");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ContendedFlatFieldOopMap.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ContendedFlatFieldOopMap.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f36852d45be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ContendedFlatFieldOopMap.java
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.Contended;
+import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+/*
+ * @test ContendedFlatFieldOopMap
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.gc != "Z" & (vm.opt.RestrictContended == null | vm.opt.RestrictContended == "false")
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-RestrictContended
+ *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbootclasspath/a:.
+ *                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ContendedFlatFieldOopMap
+ */
+public class ContendedFlatFieldOopMap {
+
+    private static value class Payload {
+        Object ref;
+
+        Payload(Object ref) {
+            this.ref = ref;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static class Holder {
+        @Contended
+        Payload payload;
+
+        Holder(Object ref) {
+            payload = new Payload(ref);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static Holder holder;
+
+    private static final WhiteBox WB = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Object[] obj = new Object[1024 * 1024];
+        WeakReference ref = new WeakReference(obj);
+        holder = new Holder(obj);
+        obj = null;
+
+        Asserts.assertNotEquals(ref.get(), null);
+
+        WB.fullGC();
+
+        // obj must have stayed alive after we've run a GC. If it stayed alive,
+        // it must mean that obj was reachable through the Holder class' OopMap.
+        Asserts.assertNotEquals(ref.get(), null);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/DirectMethodTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/DirectMethodTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f4b6eb3634f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/DirectMethodTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=default
+ * @summary Test arguments to JVM_InvokeMethod not flattened into an args array.
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile --source 28 DirectMethodTest.java
+ * @run main/othervm -Djdk.reflect.useNativeAccessorOnly=true -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+UseArrayFlattening -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.DirectMethodTest
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-array-flattening
+ * @summary Test arguments to JVM_InvokeMethod not flattened into an args array.
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile --source 28 DirectMethodTest.java
+ * @run main/othervm -Djdk.reflect.useNativeAccessorOnly=true -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:-UseArrayFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.DirectMethodTest
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+
+public class DirectMethodTest {
+
+    public int method1(int i, int j, int k) {
+        System.out.println("i = " + i + " j = " + j + " k = " + k);
+        return i + j * k;
+    }
+
+    public static void printFlat(Object[] array) {
+        if (!ValueClass.isFlatArray(array)) {
+            System.out.println("not flat " + array);
+        } else {
+            System.out.println("yay flat " + array);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class SmallValue {
+        byte b;
+        short s;
+
+        SmallValue(short i) { b = 0; s = i; }
+    }
+
+    public int method2(SmallValue i, SmallValue j, SmallValue k) {
+        System.out.println("i = " + i + " j = " + j + " k = " + k);
+        return i.s + j.s * k.s;
+    }
+
+    static final int ARRAY_SIZE = 3;
+
+    public static void main(java.lang.String[] unused) throws Exception {
+        DirectMethodTest d = new DirectMethodTest();
+
+        Method m = DirectMethodTest.class.getMethod("method1", int.class, int.class, int.class);
+        Integer[] intarray = new Integer[]{1, 2, 3};  // is this flattened?
+        printFlat(intarray);
+        Object[] array = (Object[])Array.newInstance(Integer.class, 3);
+        printFlat(array);
+        array = ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(Integer.class, ARRAY_SIZE);
+        printFlat(array);
+        System.out.println("value is " + m.invoke(d, 1, 2, 3));
+
+        Method m2 = DirectMethodTest.class.getMethod("method2", SmallValue.class, SmallValue.class, SmallValue.class);
+        Object[] smallValueArray = (Object[])Array.newInstance(SmallValue.class, ARRAY_SIZE);
+        printFlat(smallValueArray);
+        smallValueArray = ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, ARRAY_SIZE);
+        printFlat(smallValueArray);
+        System.out.println("value is " + m2.invoke(d, new SmallValue((short)1), new SmallValue((short)2), new SmallValue((short)3)));
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/EmptyInlineTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/EmptyInlineTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5665347723b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/EmptyInlineTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test support for empty inline types (no instance fields)
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile EmptyInlineTest.java
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseFieldFlattening runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.EmptyInlineTest
+ */
+
+public class EmptyInlineTest {
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class EmptyInline {
+        public boolean isEmpty() {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class EmptyField {
+        @NullRestricted
+        EmptyInline empty;
+
+        EmptyField() {
+            this.empty = new EmptyInline();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class WithInt {
+        int i;
+    }
+
+    static class WithEmptyField extends WithInt  {
+        // With current layout strategy for reference classs, the empty
+        // inline field would be placed between the int and the Object
+        // fields, along with some padding.
+        Object o;
+        @NullRestricted
+        EmptyInline empty;
+
+        WithEmptyField() {
+            empty = new EmptyInline();
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // Create an empty inline
+        EmptyInline empty = new EmptyInline();
+        Asserts.assertTrue(empty.isEmpty());
+
+        // Create an inline with an empty inline field
+        EmptyField emptyField = new EmptyField();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(emptyField.empty.getClass(), EmptyInline.class);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(emptyField.empty.isEmpty());
+        System.out.println(emptyField.empty.isEmpty());
+
+        // Regular instance with an empty field inside
+        WithEmptyField w = new WithEmptyField();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(w.empty.getClass(), EmptyInline.class);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(w.empty.isEmpty());
+        w.empty = new EmptyInline();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(w.empty.getClass(), EmptyInline.class);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(w.empty.isEmpty());
+
+        // Create an array of empty inlines
+        EmptyInline[] emptyArray = (EmptyInline[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(EmptyInline.class, 100, new EmptyInline());
+        for(EmptyInline element : emptyArray) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(element.getClass(), EmptyInline.class);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(element.isEmpty());
+        }
+
+        // Testing arrayCopy
+        EmptyInline[] array2 = (EmptyInline[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(EmptyInline.class, 100, new EmptyInline());
+        // with two arrays
+        System.arraycopy(emptyArray, 10, array2, 20, 50);
+        for(EmptyInline element : array2) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(element.getClass(), EmptyInline.class);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(element.isEmpty());
+        }
+        // single array, no overlap
+        System.arraycopy(emptyArray, 10, emptyArray, 50, 20);
+        for(EmptyInline element : emptyArray) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(element.getClass(), EmptyInline.class);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(element.isEmpty());
+        }
+        // single array with overlap
+        System.arraycopy(emptyArray, 10, emptyArray, 20, 50);
+        for(EmptyInline element : emptyArray) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(element.getClass(), EmptyInline.class);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(element.isEmpty());
+        }
+
+        // Passing an empty inline in argument
+        assert isEmpty(empty);
+
+        // Returning an empty inline
+        assert getEmpty().isEmpty();
+
+        // Checking fields with reflection
+        Class<?> c = empty.getClass();
+        try {
+            Field[] fields = c.getDeclaredFields();
+            Asserts.assertTrue(fields.length == 0);
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            t.printStackTrace();
+            throw t;
+        }
+        WithEmptyField w0 = new WithEmptyField();
+        Class<?> c2 = w0.getClass();
+        try {
+            Field emptyfield = c2.getDeclaredField("empty");
+            EmptyInline e = (EmptyInline)emptyfield.get(w0);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(e.getClass(), EmptyInline.class);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(e.isEmpty());
+            emptyfield.set(w0, new EmptyInline());
+            e = (EmptyInline)emptyfield.get(w0);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(e.getClass(), EmptyInline.class);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(e.isEmpty());
+        } catch(Throwable t) {
+            t.printStackTrace();
+            throw new RuntimeException("Reflection tests failed: " + t);
+        }
+
+        // Testing JIT compiler
+        // for(int i=0; i < 100000; i++) {
+        //     test();
+        // }
+    }
+
+    static boolean isEmpty(EmptyInline empty) {
+        return empty.isEmpty();
+    }
+
+    static EmptyInline getEmpty() {
+        return new EmptyInline();
+    }
+
+    static void test() {
+        for(int i=0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(getEmpty().isEmpty());
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatArrayCopyingTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatArrayCopyingTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..41f4c6e0c22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatArrayCopyingTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=serial
+ * @summary Ensures that value arrays can get arraycopied properly with Serial.
+ *          This test will likely crash if that is not the case.
+ * @bug 8370479
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @requires vm.gc.Serial
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+            java.management
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run junit/othervm/timeout=480 -Xint -XX:+UseSerialGC -XX:+UseCompressedOops -Xlog:gc*=info
+                                  -XX:+UseCompressedClassPointers
+                                  -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+                                  runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.FlatArrayCopyingTest
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=parallel
+ * @summary Ensures that value arrays can get arraycopied properly with Parallel.
+ *          This test will likely crash if that is not the case.
+ * @bug 8370479
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @requires vm.gc.Parallel
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+            java.management
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run junit/othervm/timeout=480 -Xint -XX:+UseParallelGC -XX:+UseCompressedOops -Xlog:gc*=info
+                                  -XX:ParallelGCThreads=1 -XX:-UseDynamicNumberOfGCThreads
+                                  -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+                                  runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.FlatArrayCopyingTest
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=g1
+ * @summary Ensures that value arrays can get arraycopied properly with G1.
+ *          This test will likely crash if that is not the case.
+ * @bug 8370479
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @requires vm.gc.G1
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+            java.management
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run junit/othervm/timeout=480 -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+                                  -Xint -XX:+UseG1GC -XX:+UseCompressedOops -Xlog:gc*=info
+                                  -XX:ParallelGCThreads=1 -XX:ConcGCThreads=1 -XX:-UseDynamicNumberOfGCThreads
+                                  -XX:-G1UseConcRefinement -XX:+UseCompressedClassPointers
+                                  -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+                                  runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.FlatArrayCopyingTest
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=shenandoah
+ * @summary Ensures that value arrays can get arraycopied properly with Shenandoah.
+ *          This test will likely crash if that is not the case.
+ * @bug 8370479
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @requires vm.gc.Shenandoah
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+            java.management
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run junit/othervm/timeout=480 -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+                                  -Xint -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:+UseCompressedOops -Xlog:gc*=info
+                                  -XX:ParallelGCThreads=1 -XX:ConcGCThreads=1 -XX:-UseDynamicNumberOfGCThreads
+                                  -XX:+UseCompressedClassPointers
+                                  -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+                                  runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.FlatArrayCopyingTest
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+public final class FlatArrayCopyingTest {
+    private static final WhiteBox WB = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+
+    public static value record Element(Identity underlying) {}
+    public static class Identity {}
+
+    @Test
+    public void testCopyingOften() {
+        Object[] array = ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(Element.class, 16);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1_000_000; i++) {
+            if (i == array.length) {
+                array = Arrays.copyOf(array, array.length << 1);
+            }
+            // Do a very "random" full GC.
+            if (i == 5123123) {
+                WB.fullGC();
+            }
+            array[i] = new Element(new Identity());
+        }
+        // Smallest power of 2 that fits 1 million elements.
+        assertEquals(1_048_576, array.length);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatArrayLargeIndicesTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatArrayLargeIndicesTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..89c162c0ec0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatArrayLargeIndicesTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=interpreted
+ * @summary Ensures that large flat array indexing doesn't cause overflows.
+ * @bug 8371604
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.flagless & os.maxMemory >= 19G
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @run junit/othervm/timeout=480 -Xmx18G -Xint
+        runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.FlatArrayLargeIndicesTest
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=c1
+ * @summary Ensures that large flat array indexing doesn't cause overflows.
+ * @bug 8371604
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.flagless & os.maxMemory >= 19G
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @run junit/othervm/timeout=480 -Xmx18G -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=3 -Xcomp
+        runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.FlatArrayLargeIndicesTest
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=c2
+ * @summary Ensures that large flat array indexing doesn't cause overflows.
+ * @bug 8371604
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.flagless & os.maxMemory >= 19G
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @run junit/othervm/timeout=480 -Xmx18G -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xcomp
+        runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.FlatArrayLargeIndicesTest
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+public final class FlatArrayLargeIndicesTest {
+    private static final int BIG = 290_000_000; // 64*BIG > int32 addressable limit
+    private static final int INDEX_1 = 272146430; // real: observed in one crash
+    private static final int INDEX_2 = 289062500; // real: observed in another crash
+
+    public static value record Box(int underlying) {}
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStore() {
+        Box[] arr = new Box[BIG];
+        assertFlat(arr);
+        arr[INDEX_1] = new Box(19);
+        System.out.println(arr);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testLoad() {
+        Box[] arr = new Box[BIG];
+        assertFlat(arr);
+        Box box = arr[INDEX_2];
+        assertNull(box, "the box should be null");
+    }
+
+    private void assertFlat(Box[] arr) {
+        assertTrue(ValueClass.isFlatArray(arr), "expected the array to be flattened");
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatArrayLargeOverlapCopyTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatArrayLargeOverlapCopyTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0fd14059fdb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatArrayLargeOverlapCopyTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Ensures large overlapping flat array copies do not overflow payload iterator offsets.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires os.maxMemory >= 7G
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=240 -Xint -Xmx6G
+ *                               runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.FlatArrayLargeOverlapCopyTest
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+
+public class FlatArrayLargeOverlapCopyTest {
+    // Value[] is flattened with 8-byte elements.
+    // Copying 290M elements makes length * elementSize exceed Integer.MAX_VALUE.
+    private static final int LENGTH = 290_000_000;
+
+    public static value record Value(int value) {}
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Value[] array = new Value[LENGTH + 1];
+        if (!ValueClass.isFlatArray(array)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Expected Value[] to be flat");
+        }
+
+        array[0] = new Value(1);
+        array[LENGTH - 1] = new Value(2);
+        array[LENGTH] = new Value(3);
+
+        System.arraycopy(array, 0, array, 1, LENGTH);
+
+        if (array[1].value() != 1) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("array[1]=" + array[1] + ", expected '1'");
+        }
+        if (array[LENGTH].value() != 2) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("array[LENGTH]=" + array[LENGTH] + ", expected '2'");
+        }
+
+        array[1] = new Value(4);
+        array[LENGTH] = new Value(5);
+
+        System.arraycopy(array, 1, array, 0, LENGTH);
+
+        if (array[0].value() != 4) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("array[0]=" + array[0] + ", expected '4'");
+        }
+        if (array[LENGTH - 1].value() != 5) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("array[LENGTH - 1]=" + array[LENGTH - 1] + ", expected '5'");
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatArrayLargePrimitiveOnly.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatArrayLargePrimitiveOnly.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..346972f7618
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatArrayLargePrimitiveOnly.java
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @requires vm.gc.Z
+ * @summary Ensures that large flat arrays with only primitives can be allocated
+ *          and properly initialized by ZGC
+ * @bug 8373858
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -Xmx1G
+ *                   -XX:+UseZGC
+ *                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.FlatArrayLargePrimitiveOnly
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+import static jdk.test.lib.Asserts.*;
+
+public class FlatArrayLargePrimitiveOnly {
+  private static final int LARGE_ARRAY_SIZE = 16 * 1024;
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class LooseIntegers {
+    int i0 = 0;
+    int i1 = 0;
+    int i2 = 0;
+    int i3 = 0;
+  }
+
+  public static void main(String[] args) {
+    Integer[] array = (Integer[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(Integer.class, LARGE_ARRAY_SIZE);
+    if (array.length != LARGE_ARRAY_SIZE) {
+      throw new RuntimeException("nullable atomic array not created properly");
+  }
+
+    LooseIntegers[] looseArray = (LooseIntegers[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(LooseIntegers.class, LARGE_ARRAY_SIZE, new LooseIntegers());
+    if (looseArray.length != LARGE_ARRAY_SIZE) {
+      throw new RuntimeException("null-restricted non-atomic array not created properly");
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatArraysTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatArraysTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cffff869aa3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatArraysTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,590 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import java.lang.management.ManagementFactory;
+import java.lang.management.RuntimeMXBean;
+import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+
+
+import static jdk.test.lib.Asserts.*;
+
+/*
+ * @test id=default
+ * @summary Plain array test for Inline Types
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile --source 28 FlatArraysTest.java
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+UseArrayFlattening -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.FlatArraysTest
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-array-flattening
+ * @summary Plain array test for Inline Types
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile --source 28 FlatArraysTest.java
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:-UseArrayFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.FlatArraysTest
+ */
+
+public class FlatArraysTest {
+  static final int ARRAY_SIZE = 100;
+  static final Unsafe UNSAFE = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
+  static boolean UseArrayFlattening;
+
+  static {
+      RuntimeMXBean runtimeMxBean = ManagementFactory.getRuntimeMXBean();
+      List<String> arguments = runtimeMxBean.getInputArguments();
+      UseArrayFlattening = !arguments.contains("-XX:-UseArrayFlattening");
+      System.out.println("UseArrayFlattening: " + UseArrayFlattening);
+  }
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class SmallValue {
+      byte b;
+      short s;
+
+      SmallValue() { b = 0 ;  s = 0; }
+      SmallValue(byte b0, short s0) { b = b0; s = s0; }
+
+      public static Object getTestValue() { return new SmallValue(Byte.MIN_VALUE, Short.MIN_VALUE); }
+
+      public static boolean expectingFlatNullRestrictedArray() { return true; }
+      public static boolean expectingFlatNullRestrictedAtomicArray() { return true; }
+      public static boolean expectingFlatNullableAtomicArray() { return true; }
+  }
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class MediumValue {
+      int x;
+      int y;
+
+      MediumValue() {
+         x = 0;
+         y = 0;
+      }
+      MediumValue(int x0, int y0) {
+        x = x0;
+        y = y0;
+      }
+
+      public static Object getTestValue() {
+        return new MediumValue(Integer.MIN_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE);
+      }
+
+      public static boolean expectingFlatNullRestrictedArray() { return true; }
+      public static boolean expectingFlatNullRestrictedAtomicArray() { return true; }
+      public static boolean expectingFlatNullableAtomicArray() { return false; }
+  }
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class BigValue {
+      long x;
+      long y;
+      long z;
+
+      BigValue() {
+        x = 0;
+        y = 0;
+        z = 0;
+      }
+      BigValue(long x0, long y0, long z0) {
+        x = x0;
+        y = y0;
+        z = z0;
+      }
+
+      public static Object getTestValue() {
+        return new BigValue(Long.MIN_VALUE, Long.MIN_VALUE, Long.MIN_VALUE);
+      }
+
+      public static boolean expectingFlatNullRestrictedArray() { return true; }
+      public static boolean expectingFlatNullRestrictedAtomicArray() { return false; }
+      public static boolean expectingFlatNullableAtomicArray() { return false; }
+  }
+
+  static void testNullFreeArray(Object[] array, Object value) {
+    testErrorCases(array);
+    assertNotNull(value, "Test needs a not null value");
+    //   Test 1 : check initial element value is not null
+    for (int i = 0 ; i < array.length; i++) {
+      assertNotNull(array[i], "Initial value must not be null");
+    }
+    //   Test 2 : try to write null
+    for (int i = 0 ; i < array.length; i++) {
+      try {
+        array[i] = null;
+        throw new RuntimeException("Missing NullPointerException");
+      } catch (NullPointerException e) { }
+    }
+    //   Test 3 : overwrite initial value with new value
+    for (int i = 0 ; i < array.length; i++) {
+      array[i] = value;
+    }
+    for (int i = 0 ; i < array.length; i++) {
+      assertEquals(array[i], value);
+    }
+  }
+
+  static void testNullableArray(Object[] array, Object value) {
+    testErrorCases(array);
+    assertNotNull(value, "Test needs a not null value");
+    //   Test 1 : check that initial element value is null
+    System.gc();
+    System.out.println("Test 1");
+    for (int i = 0 ; i < array.length; i++) {
+      assertNull(array[i], "Initial value should be null");
+    }
+    //   Test 2 : write new value to all elements
+    System.gc();
+    System.out.println("Test 2a");
+    for (int i = 0 ; i < array.length; i++) {
+      array[i] = value;
+      assertEquals(array[i], value, "Value mismatch");
+    }
+    System.gc();
+    System.out.println("Test 2b");
+    for (int i = 0 ; i < array.length; i++) {
+      assertEquals(array[i], value, "Value mismatch");
+    }
+    //   Test 3 : write null to all elements
+    System.gc();
+    System.out.println("Test 3a");
+    for (int i = 0 ; i < array.length; i++) {
+      array[i] = null;
+    }
+    System.gc();
+    System.out.println("Test 3b");
+    for (int i = 0 ; i < array.length; i++) {
+      assertNull(array[i], "Value mismatch");
+    }
+    //   Test 4 : write alternate null / not null values
+    System.gc();
+    System.out.println("Test 4a");
+    for (int i = 0 ; i < array.length; i++) {
+      if (i%2 == 0) {
+        array[i] = null;
+      } else {
+        array[i] = value;
+      }
+    }
+    System.gc();
+    System.out.println("Test 4b");
+    for (int i = 0 ; i < array.length; i++) {
+      if (i%2 == 0) {
+        assertNull(array[i], "Value mismatch");
+      } else {
+        assertEquals(array[i], value, "Value mismatch");
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  static void testErrorCases(Object[] array) {
+    try {
+      Object o = array[-1];
+      throw new RuntimeException("Missing IndexOutOfBoundsException");
+    } catch(IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { }
+
+    try {
+      Object o = array[array.length];
+      throw new RuntimeException("Missing IndexOutOfBoundsException");
+    } catch(IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { }
+
+    assertTrue(array.getClass().getComponentType() != String.class, "Must be for the test");
+    assertTrue(array.length > 0, "Must be for the test");
+    try {
+      array[0] = new String("Bad");
+      throw new RuntimeException("Missing ArrayStoreException");
+    } catch (ArrayStoreException e) { }
+  }
+
+  static void testArrayCopy() {
+
+    Object[] objArray = new Object[ARRAY_SIZE];
+    for (int i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE; i++) {
+      objArray[i] = SmallValue.getTestValue();
+    }
+    SmallValue[] nonAtomicArray = (SmallValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, ARRAY_SIZE, new SmallValue());
+    SmallValue[] atomicArray = (SmallValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, ARRAY_SIZE, new SmallValue());
+    SmallValue[] nullableArray = (SmallValue[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, ARRAY_SIZE);
+
+    // obj -> non-atomic
+    testArrayCopyInternal(objArray, nonAtomicArray);
+
+    // obj -> atomic
+    testArrayCopyInternal(objArray, atomicArray);
+
+    // obj -> nullable
+    testArrayCopyInternal(objArray, nullableArray);
+
+    objArray[45] = null;
+    // obj with null -> non-atomic   => NPE
+    try {
+      testArrayCopyInternal(objArray, nonAtomicArray);
+      throw new RuntimeException("Missing NullPointerException");
+    } catch (NullPointerException e) { }
+
+    // obj with null -> atomic       => NPE
+    try {
+      testArrayCopyInternal(objArray, atomicArray);
+      throw new RuntimeException("Missing NullPointerException");
+    } catch (NullPointerException e) { }
+
+    // obj with null -> nullable
+    try {
+      testArrayCopyInternal(objArray, nullableArray);
+    } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+      throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected NullPointerException");
+    }
+
+    objArray[45] = new String("bad");
+    // obj with wrong type value -> non-atomic   => ASE
+    try {
+      testArrayCopyInternal(objArray, nonAtomicArray);
+      throw new RuntimeException("Missing ArrayStoreException");
+    } catch (ArrayStoreException e) { }
+
+    // obj with wrong type value -> atomic       => ASE
+    try {
+      testArrayCopyInternal(objArray, atomicArray);
+      throw new RuntimeException("Missing ArrayStoreException");
+    } catch (ArrayStoreException e) { }
+
+    // obj with wrong type value -> nullable     => ASE
+    try {
+      testArrayCopyInternal(objArray, nullableArray);
+      throw new RuntimeException("Missing ArrayStoreException");
+    } catch (ArrayStoreException e) { }
+
+    // Reset all arrays
+    objArray = new Object[ARRAY_SIZE];
+    nonAtomicArray = (SmallValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, ARRAY_SIZE, new SmallValue());
+    atomicArray = (SmallValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, ARRAY_SIZE, new SmallValue());
+    nullableArray = (SmallValue[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, ARRAY_SIZE);
+
+    // non-atomic -> obj
+    testArrayCopyInternal(nonAtomicArray, objArray);
+
+    // non-atomic -> non-atomic
+    SmallValue[] nonAtomicArray2 = (SmallValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, ARRAY_SIZE, new SmallValue());
+    testArrayCopyInternal(nonAtomicArray, nonAtomicArray2);
+
+    // non-atomic -> non-atomic same array
+    testArrayCopyInternal(nonAtomicArray, nonAtomicArray);
+
+    // non-atomic -> atomic
+    testArrayCopyInternal(nonAtomicArray, atomicArray);
+
+    // non-atomic -> nullable
+    testArrayCopyInternal(nonAtomicArray, nullableArray);
+
+    // Reset all arrays
+    objArray = new Object[ARRAY_SIZE];
+    nonAtomicArray = (SmallValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, ARRAY_SIZE, new SmallValue());
+    atomicArray = (SmallValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, ARRAY_SIZE, new SmallValue());
+    nullableArray = (SmallValue[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, ARRAY_SIZE);
+
+    for (int i = 0 ; i < ARRAY_SIZE; i++) {
+      atomicArray[i] = (SmallValue)SmallValue.getTestValue();
+    }
+
+    // atomic -> obj
+    testArrayCopyInternal(atomicArray, objArray);
+
+    // atomic -> non-atomic
+    testArrayCopyInternal(atomicArray, nonAtomicArray);
+
+    // atomic -> atomic
+    SmallValue[] atomicArray2 = (SmallValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, ARRAY_SIZE, new SmallValue());
+    testArrayCopyInternal(atomicArray, atomicArray2);
+
+    // atomic -> atomic same array
+    testArrayCopyInternal(atomicArray, atomicArray);
+
+    // atomic -> nullable
+    testArrayCopyInternal(atomicArray, nullableArray);
+
+    // Reset all arrays
+    objArray = new Object[ARRAY_SIZE];
+    nonAtomicArray = (SmallValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, ARRAY_SIZE, new SmallValue());
+    atomicArray = (SmallValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, ARRAY_SIZE, new SmallValue());
+    nullableArray = (SmallValue[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, ARRAY_SIZE);
+
+    for (int i = 0 ; i < ARRAY_SIZE; i++) {
+      nullableArray[i] = (SmallValue)SmallValue.getTestValue();
+    }
+
+    // nullable -> obj
+    testArrayCopyInternal(nullableArray, objArray);
+
+    // nullable -> non-atomic
+    testArrayCopyInternal(nullableArray, nonAtomicArray);
+
+    // nullable -> atomic
+    testArrayCopyInternal(nullableArray, atomicArray);
+
+    // nullable -> nullable
+    SmallValue[] nullableArray2 = (SmallValue[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, ARRAY_SIZE);
+    testArrayCopyInternal(nullableArray, nullableArray2);
+
+    // nullable -> nullable same array
+    testArrayCopyInternal(nullableArray, nullableArray);
+
+    nullableArray[45] = null;
+
+    // nullable with null -> obj
+    testArrayCopyInternal(nullableArray, objArray);
+
+    // nullable with null -> non-atomic  => NPE
+    try {
+      testArrayCopyInternal(nullableArray, nonAtomicArray);
+      throw new RuntimeException("Missing NullPointerException");
+    } catch (NullPointerException e) { }
+
+    // nullable with null -> atomic      => NPE
+    try {
+      testArrayCopyInternal(nullableArray, atomicArray);
+      throw new RuntimeException("Missing NullPointerException");
+    } catch (NullPointerException e) { }
+
+    // nullable with null -> nullable
+    nullableArray2 = (SmallValue[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, ARRAY_SIZE);
+    testArrayCopyInternal(nullableArray, nullableArray2);
+
+    // nullable with null -> nullable same array
+    testArrayCopyInternal(nullableArray, nullableArray);
+  }
+
+  static void testArrayCopyInternal(Object[] src, Object[] dst) {
+    // When using this method for cases that should trigger a NPE or an ASE,
+    // it is recommended to put the faulty value at index 45 in the src array
+    assertTrue(src.length >= ARRAY_SIZE, "Must be for the test");
+    assertTrue(dst.length >= ARRAY_SIZE, "Must be for the test");
+    // Test 1 : good copy without indexes overlap
+    System.arraycopy(src, 3, dst, 51, 40);
+    for (int i = 0; i < 40; i++) {
+      assertEquals(src[3+i], dst[51+i], "Mismatch after copying");
+    }
+    // Test 2 : good copy with indexes overlap
+    System.arraycopy(src, 42, dst, 53, 45);
+    if (src != dst) {  // Verification doesn't make sense if src and dst are the same
+      for (int i = 0; i < 45; i++) {
+        assertEquals(src[42+i], dst[53+i], "Mismatch after copying");
+      }
+    }
+    // Test 3 : IOOB errors
+    try {
+      System.arraycopy(src, -1, dst, 3, 10);
+      throw new RuntimeException("Missing IndexOutOfBoundsException");
+    } catch(IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { }
+    try {
+      System.arraycopy(src, src.length - 5, dst, 3, 10);
+      throw new RuntimeException("Missing IndexOutOfBoundsException");
+    } catch(IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { }
+    try {
+      System.arraycopy(src, 10, dst, -1, 10);
+      throw new RuntimeException("Missing IndexOutOfBoundsException");
+    } catch(IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { }
+    try {
+      System.arraycopy(src, 10, dst, dst.length - 5, 10);
+      throw new RuntimeException("Missing IndexOutOfBoundsException");
+    } catch(IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { }
+  }
+
+  static void testArrayAccesses() throws NoSuchMethodException, InstantiationException,
+  IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {
+    Class[] valueClasses = {SmallValue.class, MediumValue.class, BigValue.class};
+    for (Class c: valueClasses) {
+      System.out.println("Testing class " + c.getName());
+      Method gtv = c.getMethod("getTestValue", null);
+      Object o = gtv.invoke(null, null);
+      assertNotNull(o);
+
+      System.out.println("Regular reference array");
+      Object[] array = (Object[])Array.newInstance(c, ARRAY_SIZE);
+      Method ef = c.getMethod("expectingFlatNullableAtomicArray", null);
+      boolean expectFlat = (Boolean) ef.invoke(null, null);
+      assertTrue(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array) == (UseArrayFlattening && expectFlat));
+      testNullableArray(array, o);
+
+      System.out.println("NonAtomic NullRestricted array");
+      array = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(c, ARRAY_SIZE, c.newInstance());
+      ef = c.getMethod("expectingFlatNullRestrictedArray", null);
+      expectFlat = (Boolean)ef.invoke(null, null);
+      assertTrue(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array) == (UseArrayFlattening && expectFlat));
+      testNullFreeArray(array, o);
+
+      System.out.println("NullRestricted Atomic array");
+      array = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(c, ARRAY_SIZE, c.newInstance());
+      ef = c.getMethod("expectingFlatNullRestrictedAtomicArray", null);
+      expectFlat = (Boolean)ef.invoke(null, null);
+      assertTrue(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array) == (UseArrayFlattening && expectFlat));
+      testNullFreeArray(array, o);
+
+      System.out.println("Nullable Atomic array");
+      array = ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(c, ARRAY_SIZE);
+      ef = c.getMethod("expectingFlatNullableAtomicArray", null);
+      expectFlat = (Boolean)ef.invoke(null, null);
+      assertTrue(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array) == (UseArrayFlattening && expectFlat));
+      testNullableArray(array, o);
+    }
+  }
+
+  static value class AtomicValue {
+    int i = 0;
+  }
+
+  static class FieldsHolder {
+    @NullRestricted
+    SmallValue sv;
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    AtomicValue av;
+
+    AtomicValue nav;
+
+    FieldsHolder() {
+      sv = new SmallValue();
+      av = new AtomicValue();
+      nav = new AtomicValue();
+      super();
+    }
+  }
+
+  static void testSpecialArrayLayoutFromArray(Object[] array, boolean expectException) {
+    int lk = UNSAFE.arrayLayout(array);
+    boolean exception = false;
+    try {
+      Object[] newArray = UNSAFE.newSpecialArray(array.getClass().getComponentType(), 10, lk);
+      int newLk = UNSAFE.arrayLayout(newArray);
+      assertEquals(newLk, lk);
+    } catch(IllegalArgumentException e) {
+      e.printStackTrace();
+      exception = true;
+    }
+    assertEquals(exception, expectException, "Exception not matching expectations");
+  }
+
+  static void testSpecialArrayFromFieldLayout(Class c, int layout, boolean expectException) {
+    boolean exception = false;
+    try {
+      Object[] array = UNSAFE.newSpecialArray(c, 10, layout);
+      int lk = UNSAFE.arrayLayout(array);
+      assertEquals(lk, layout);
+    } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+      e.printStackTrace();
+      throw new RuntimeException(e);
+    } catch (UnsupportedOperationException e) {
+      e.printStackTrace();
+      exception = true;
+    }
+    assertEquals(exception, expectException, "Exception not matching expectations");
+  }
+
+  static void testSpecialArrayCreation() {
+    RuntimeMXBean runtimeMXBean = ManagementFactory.getRuntimeMXBean();
+    List<String> jvmArgs = runtimeMXBean.getInputArguments();
+    boolean arrayFlatteningEnabled = true;
+    for (String s : jvmArgs) {
+      if (s.compareTo("-XX:-UseArrayFlattening") == 0) arrayFlatteningEnabled = false;
+    }
+
+    // Test array creation from another array
+    Object[] array0 = new SmallValue[10];
+    testSpecialArrayLayoutFromArray(array0, !arrayFlatteningEnabled);
+    if (arrayFlatteningEnabled) {
+      Object[] array1 = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, 10, new SmallValue());
+      testSpecialArrayLayoutFromArray(array1, false);
+      Object[] array2 = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, 10, new SmallValue());
+      testSpecialArrayLayoutFromArray(array2, false);
+      Object[] array3 = ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(SmallValue.class, 10);
+      testSpecialArrayLayoutFromArray(array3, false);
+    }
+
+    // Test array creation from a field layout
+    try {
+      Class c = FieldsHolder.class;
+      Field f0 = c.getDeclaredField("sv");
+      int layout0 = UNSAFE.fieldLayout(f0);
+      testSpecialArrayFromFieldLayout(f0.getType(), layout0, !arrayFlatteningEnabled);
+      Field f1 = c.getDeclaredField("av");
+      int layout1 = UNSAFE.fieldLayout(f1);
+      testSpecialArrayFromFieldLayout(f1.getType(), layout1, !arrayFlatteningEnabled);
+      Field f2 = c.getDeclaredField("nav");
+      int layout2 = UNSAFE.fieldLayout(f2);
+      testSpecialArrayFromFieldLayout(f2.getType(), layout2, !arrayFlatteningEnabled);
+    } catch(NoSuchFieldException e) {
+      e.printStackTrace();
+    }
+
+    // Testing an invalid layout value
+    boolean exception = false;
+    try {
+      UNSAFE.newSpecialArray(SmallValue.class, 10, 100);
+    } catch(IllegalArgumentException e) {
+      e.printStackTrace();
+      exception = true;
+    }
+    assertEquals(exception, true, "Exception not received");
+  }
+
+    static value record Value4(short x, short y) {}
+
+    public static void testReferenceArrayCreation() {
+      Value4[] array0 = new Value4[1];
+      assertTrue(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array0) == UseArrayFlattening);
+      Value4[] array1 = (Value4[])ValueClass.newReferenceArray(Value4.class, 1);
+      assertFalse(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array1));
+      Value4[] array2 = new Value4[1];
+      assertTrue(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array2) == UseArrayFlattening);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchMethodException, InstantiationException,
+                                                IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {
+    testArrayAccesses();
+    testArrayCopy();
+    testSpecialArrayCreation();
+    testReferenceArrayCreation();
+  }
+
+ }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatFieldAccessorMethods.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatFieldAccessorMethods.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1933a7286a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatFieldAccessorMethods.java
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test FlatFieldAccessorMethods
+ * @bug 8380059
+ * @summary Test trivial getter and setter methods for flattened fields
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FlatFieldAccessorMethods.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.FlatFieldAccessorMethods
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class FlatFieldAccessorMethods {
+    static final Unsafe U = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
+
+    static class Holder {
+        Boolean value;
+
+        Holder(Boolean value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        Boolean getValue() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+        void setValue(Boolean value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        assertFlatField();
+        testGetterMaterializesFlatField();
+        testSetterStoresFlatFieldPayload();
+        testGetterResultCanBeStoredThroughSetter();
+    }
+
+    static void assertFlatField() throws ReflectiveOperationException {
+        Field value = Holder.class.getDeclaredField("value");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(U.isFlatField(value), "Holder.value should be flat");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(U.hasNullMarker(value), "Holder.value should be nullable flat");
+    }
+
+    static void testGetterMaterializesFlatField() {
+        Holder holder = new Holder(Boolean.TRUE);
+
+        holder.getValue(); // Resolve the field entry.
+        assertBoolean(holder.getValue(), true, "getter result");
+    }
+
+    static void testSetterStoresFlatFieldPayload() {
+        Holder holder = new Holder(Boolean.FALSE);
+
+        holder.setValue(Boolean.TRUE); // Resolve the field entry.
+        holder.setValue(Boolean.FALSE);
+
+        assertBoolean(holder.value, false, "direct field read after setter");
+        assertBoolean(holder.getValue(), false, "getter result after setter");
+    }
+
+    static void testGetterResultCanBeStoredThroughSetter() {
+        Holder source = new Holder(Boolean.TRUE);
+        Holder target = new Holder(Boolean.FALSE);
+
+        source.getValue(); // Resolve the getter field entry.
+        target.setValue(Boolean.FALSE); // Resolve the setter field entry.
+        target.setValue(source.getValue());
+
+        assertBoolean(target.value, true, "direct field read after getter-to-setter");
+        assertBoolean(target.getValue(), true, "getter result after getter-to-setter");
+    }
+
+    static void assertBoolean(Boolean value, boolean expected, String message) {
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(value, message);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(value.booleanValue(), expected, message);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlattenableSemanticTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlattenableSemanticTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6899e3ad481
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlattenableSemanticTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Flattenable field semantic test
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FlattenableSemanticTest.java
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseFieldFlattening runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.FlattenableSemanticTest
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:ForceNonTearable=* runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.FlattenableSemanticTest
+ */
+public class FlattenableSemanticTest {
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Point {
+        final int x = 0;
+        final int y = 0;
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class JumboInline {
+        final long l0 = 0;
+        final long l1 = 1;
+        final long l2 = 2;
+        final long l3 = 3;
+        final long l4 = 4;
+        final long l5 = 5;
+        final long l6 = 6;
+        final long l7 = 7;
+        final long l8 = 8;
+        final long l9 = 9;
+        final long l10 = 10;
+        final long l11 = 11;
+        final long l12 = 12;
+        final long l13 = 13;
+        final long l14 = 14;
+        final long l15 = 15;
+        final long l16 = 16;
+        final long l17 = 17;
+        final long l18 = 18;
+        final long l19 = 19;
+    }
+
+    static Point nfsp;
+    @NullRestricted
+    static Point fsp = new Point();
+
+    Point nfip;
+    @NullRestricted
+    Point fip;
+
+    static JumboInline nfsj;
+    @NullRestricted
+    static JumboInline fsj = new JumboInline();
+
+    JumboInline nfij;
+    @NullRestricted
+    JumboInline fij;
+
+    static Object getNull() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    FlattenableSemanticTest() {
+        fip = new Point();
+        fij = new JumboInline();
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        FlattenableSemanticTest test = new FlattenableSemanticTest();
+
+        // Uninitialized inline fields must be null for non flattenable fields
+        Asserts.assertNull(nfsp, "Invalid non null value for uninitialized non flattenable field");
+        Asserts.assertNull(nfsj, "Invalid non null value for uninitialized non flattenable field");
+        Asserts.assertNull(test.nfip, "Invalid non null value for uninitialized non flattenable field");
+        Asserts.assertNull(test.nfij, "Invalid non null value for uninitialized non flattenable field");
+
+        // fsp.equals(null);
+
+        // Uninitialized inline fields must be non null for flattenable fields
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(fsp, "Invalid null value for uninitialized flattenable field");
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(fsj, "Invalid null value for uninitialized flattenable field");
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(test.fip, "Invalid null value for uninitialized flattenable field");
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(test.fij, "Invalid null value for uninitialized flattenable field");
+
+        // Assigning null must be allowed for non flattenable inline fields
+        boolean exception = true;
+        try {
+            nfsp = (Point)getNull();
+            nfsp = null;
+            exception = false;
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            exception = true;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertFalse(exception, "Invalid NPE when assigning null to a non flattenable field");
+
+        try {
+            nfsj = (JumboInline)getNull();
+            nfsj = null;
+            exception = false;
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            exception = true;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertFalse(exception, "Invalid NPE when assigning null to a non flattenable field");
+
+        try {
+            test.nfip = (Point)getNull();
+            test.nfip = null;
+            exception = false;
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            exception = true;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertFalse(exception, "Invalid NPE when assigning null to a non flattenable field");
+
+        try {
+            test.nfij = (JumboInline)getNull();
+            test.nfij = null;
+            exception = false;
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            exception = true;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertFalse(exception, "Invalid NPE when assigning null to a non flattenable field");
+
+        // Assigning null to a flattenable inline field must trigger a NPE
+        exception = false;
+        try {
+            fsp = (Point)getNull();
+        } catch(NullPointerException e) {
+            exception = true;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertTrue(exception, "NPE not thrown when assigning null to a flattenable field");
+        exception = false;
+        try {
+            fsj = (JumboInline)getNull();
+        } catch(NullPointerException e) {
+            exception = true;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertTrue(exception, "NPE not thrown when assigning null to a flattenable field");
+        exception = false;
+        try {
+            test.fip = (Point)getNull();
+        } catch(NullPointerException e) {
+            exception = true;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertTrue(exception, "NPE not thrown when assigning null to a flattenable field");
+        exception = false;
+        try {
+            test.fij = (JumboInline)getNull();
+        } catch(NullPointerException e) {
+            exception = true;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertTrue(exception, "NPE not thrown when assigning null to a flattenable field");
+        exception = false;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/HashOverflowTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/HashOverflowTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..97221d0caec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/HashOverflowTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Tests that JVM_IHashCode does not cache when a SOE occurs.
+ * @comment This test runs with the interpreter such that the value is always
+ *          buffered, meaning that the identity hash code computed will be
+ *          saved in the markWord.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @compile HashOverflowTest.java
+ * @run main/othervm -Xint -Xss256K
+ *                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.HashOverflowTest
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+public class HashOverflowTest {
+    private static final int N_ELEMS = 1000;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Cons list = makeLargeDataStructure();
+        try {
+            System.identityHashCode(list);
+            throw new RuntimeException("expected to stack overflow when computing identity hash");
+        } catch (StackOverflowError expected) {
+            // Expected, continue execution.
+        }
+        try {
+            System.identityHashCode(list);
+            throw new RuntimeException("expected subsequent identity hash calls to also overflow");
+        } catch (StackOverflowError expected) {
+            // Expected, test passes!
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static Cons makeLargeDataStructure() {
+        Cons prev = new Cons(N_ELEMS - 1, null);
+        for (int i = N_ELEMS - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
+            Cons curr = new Cons(i, prev);
+            prev = curr;
+        }
+        return prev;
+    }
+
+    public static value record Cons(int x, Cons y) {}
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/HiddenInlineClassTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/HiddenInlineClassTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6c6412cb5d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/HiddenInlineClassTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test a hidden inline class.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.HiddenInlineClassTest
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles.Lookup;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+
+public class HiddenInlineClassTest {
+    static final Path CLASSES_DIR = Paths.get(System.getProperty("test.classes", "."));
+
+    static byte[] readClassFile(String classFileName) throws Exception {
+       Path path = CLASSES_DIR.resolve(classFileName.replace('.', File.separatorChar) + ".class");
+       return Files.readAllBytes(path);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
+        Lookup lookup = MethodHandles.lookup();
+        byte[] bytes = readClassFile("runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.HiddenPoint");
+
+        // Define a hidden class that is an inline type.
+        Class<?> c = lookup.defineHiddenClass(bytes, true).lookupClass();
+        Object hp = c.newInstance();
+        String s = (String)c.getMethod("getValue").invoke(hp);
+        if (!s.equals("x: 0, y: 0")) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(
+                "wrong value returned by method getValue() in inline hidden class: " + s);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
+
+value class HiddenPoint {
+    int x;
+    int y;
+
+    HiddenPoint() {
+        this.x = 0;
+        this.y = 0;
+    }
+
+    public String getValue() {
+        return "x: " + x + ", y: " + y;
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/Ifacmp.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/Ifacmp.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fd36370e45e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/Ifacmp.java
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.ref.*;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+
+/*
+ * @test Ifacmp
+ * @requires vm.gc == null
+ * @summary if_acmpeq/ne bytecode test
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile --source 28 Ifacmp.java
+ * @run main/othervm -Xms16m -Xmx16m -XX:+UseSerialGC runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.Ifacmp
+ */
+public class Ifacmp {
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue {
+        int value;
+        public MyValue(int v) { this.value = v; }
+    };
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue2 {
+        int value;
+        public MyValue2(int v) { this.value = v; }
+    };
+
+    boolean acmpModeInlineAlwaysFalse = false;
+
+    Object aNull = null;
+    Object bNull = null;
+
+    Object aObject = new String("Hi");
+    Object bObject = new String("Hi");
+
+    Object aValue = new MyValue(1);
+    Object bValue = new MyValue(1);
+    Object cValue = new MyValue(0);
+    Object aValue2 = new MyValue2(4711);
+
+    Object[][] equalUseCases = {
+        { aNull, bNull },
+        { aObject, aObject },
+        { aValue, bValue },
+        { cValue, cValue },
+        { aValue2, aValue2 }
+    };
+
+    int objectEqualsUseCases = 2; // Nof object equals use cases
+
+    // Would just generate these fail case from the "equal set" above,
+    // but to do so needs ==, so write out by hand it is...
+    Object[][] notEqualUseCases = {
+        { aNull, aObject },
+        { aNull, bObject },
+        { aNull, aValue },
+        { aNull, bValue },
+        { aNull, cValue },
+        { aNull, aValue2 },
+        { aObject, bObject },
+        { aObject, aValue },
+        { aObject, bValue },
+        { aObject, cValue },
+        { aObject, aValue2 },
+        { bObject, cValue },
+        { bObject, aValue2 },
+        { aValue, cValue },
+        { aValue, aValue2 },
+    };
+
+    public Ifacmp() { this(false); }
+    public Ifacmp(boolean acmpModeInlineAlwaysFalse) {
+        this.acmpModeInlineAlwaysFalse = acmpModeInlineAlwaysFalse;
+        if (acmpModeInlineAlwaysFalse) {
+            System.out.println("ifacmp always false for inline types");
+        } else {
+            System.out.println("ifacmp substitutability inline types");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void test() {
+        testAllUseCases();
+    }
+
+    public void testUntilGc(int nofGc) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < nofGc; i++) {
+            System.out.println("GC num " + (i + 1));
+            testUntilGc();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testUntilGc() {
+        Reference ref = new WeakReference<Object>(new Object(), new ReferenceQueue<>());
+        do {
+            test();
+        } while (ref.get() != null);
+    }
+
+    public void testAllUseCases() {
+        int useCase = 0;
+        for (Object[] pair : equalUseCases) {
+            useCase++;
+            boolean equal = acmpModeInlineAlwaysFalse ? (useCase <= objectEqualsUseCases) : true;
+            checkEqual(pair[0], pair[1], equal);
+        }
+        for (Object[] pair : notEqualUseCases) {
+            checkEqual(pair[0], pair[1], false);
+        }
+        testLocalValues();
+        testAlot();
+    }
+
+    public void testValues() {
+        checkEqual(aValue, bValue, true);
+
+        checkEqual(aValue, cValue, false);
+        checkEqual(aValue, aValue2, false);
+        checkEqual(aValue2, bValue, false);
+        checkEqual(aValue2, cValue, false);
+        testLocalValues();
+    }
+
+    public void testLocalValues() {
+        // "aload + ifacmp" should be same as "aaload + ifamcp"
+        // but let's be paranoid...
+        MyValue a = new MyValue(11);
+        MyValue b = new MyValue(11);
+        MyValue c = a;
+        MyValue a1 = new MyValue(7);
+        MyValue2 a2 = new MyValue2(13);
+
+        if (acmpModeInlineAlwaysFalse) {
+            if (a == b) throw new RuntimeException("Always false fail " + a + " == " + b);
+            if (a == c) throw new RuntimeException("Always false fail " + a + " == " + c);
+        } else {
+            if (a != b) throw new RuntimeException("Substitutability test failed" + a + " != " + b);
+            if (a != c) throw new RuntimeException("Substitutability test failed");
+        }
+        if (a == a1) throw new RuntimeException();
+        checkEqual(a, a2, false);
+    }
+
+    public void testAlot() {
+        MyValue a = new MyValue(4711);
+        Reference ref = new WeakReference<Object>(new Object(), new ReferenceQueue<>());
+        do {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+                MyValue b = new MyValue(4711);
+                if (acmpModeInlineAlwaysFalse) {
+                    if (a == b) throw new RuntimeException("Always false fail " + a + " == " + b);
+                } else {
+                    if (a != b) throw new RuntimeException("Substitutability test failed" + a + " != " + b);
+                }
+            }
+            System.gc();
+        } while (ref.get() != null);
+    }
+
+    boolean shouldEqualSelf(Object a) {
+        return acmpModeInlineAlwaysFalse ? (!(a != null && a.getClass().isValue())) : true;
+    }
+
+    void checkEqual(Object a, Object b, boolean isEqual) {
+        testEquals(a, a, shouldEqualSelf(a));
+        testEquals(b, b, shouldEqualSelf(b));
+        testEquals(a, b, isEqual);
+        testNotEquals(a, b, !isEqual);
+    }
+
+    public static void testEquals(Object a, Object b, boolean expected) {
+        boolean isEqual = (a == b);
+        if (isEqual != expected) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Expected " + expected + " : "
+                                       + a + " == " + b);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void testNotEquals(Object a, Object b, boolean expected) {
+        boolean isNotEqual = (a != b);
+        if (isNotEqual != expected) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Expected " + expected + " : "
+                                       + a + " != " + b);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        boolean inlineTypesAlwaysFalse = (args.length > 0) && args[0].equals("alwaysFalse");
+        new Ifacmp(inlineTypesAlwaysFalse).test();
+        new Ifacmp(inlineTypesAlwaysFalse).testUntilGc(3);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InheritedFlatFieldTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InheritedFlatFieldTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..367185ff1ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InheritedFlatFieldTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test JNI access to an inherited flat field
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm/native --enable-native-access=ALL-UNNAMED
+ *                          runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.InheritedFlatFieldTest
+ */
+public class InheritedFlatFieldTest {
+    static {
+        System.loadLibrary("InheritedFlatFieldTest");
+    }
+
+    static value class Value {
+        int x;
+
+        Value(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class BaseHolder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Value baseValue;
+
+        BaseHolder() {
+            baseValue = new Value(11);
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class DerivedHolder extends BaseHolder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Value derivedValue;
+
+        DerivedHolder() {
+            derivedValue = new Value(22);
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static native Value readBaseValue(Object obj);
+    private static native Value readDerivedValue(Object obj);
+    private static native void writeBaseValue(Object obj, Value value);
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        BaseHolder base = new BaseHolder();
+        Value baseRead = readBaseValue(base);
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(baseRead);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(baseRead.x, 11, "Unexpected base class field JNI read");
+
+        Value baseReplacement = new Value(33);
+        writeBaseValue(base, baseReplacement);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(base.baseValue.x, 33, "Base class JNI write did not update base field");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(readBaseValue(base).x, 33, "Base class JNI read after write returned wrong value");
+
+        DerivedHolder derived = new DerivedHolder();
+        Value derivedRead = readDerivedValue(derived);
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(derivedRead);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(derivedRead.x, 22, "Unexpected subclass field JNI read");
+
+        Value inheritedRead = readBaseValue(derived);
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(inheritedRead);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(inheritedRead.x, 11, "Unexpected inherited base class field JNI read");
+
+        Value derivedReplacement = new Value(44);
+        writeBaseValue(derived, derivedReplacement);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(derived.baseValue.x, 44, "JNI write did not update base field");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(readBaseValue(derived).x, 44, "JNI read after write returned wrong value");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(readDerivedValue(derived).x, 22, "Subclass field should be unchanged");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineOops.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineOops.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2437c82b622
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineOops.java
@@ -0,0 +1,717 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.constant.ClassDesc;
+import java.lang.constant.MethodTypeDesc;
+import java.lang.invoke.*;
+import java.lang.ref.*;
+import java.util.concurrent.*;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import static jdk.test.lib.Asserts.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+import runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineOops.FooValue;
+import test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper;
+import static test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper.classDesc;
+
+/**
+ * @test id=Serial
+ * @requires vm.gc.Serial
+ * @summary Test embedding oops into Inline types
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @compile Person.java InlineOops.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UseSerialGC -Xmx128m -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseFieldFlattening
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineOops
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test id=G1
+ * @requires vm.gc.G1
+ * @summary Test embedding oops into Inline types
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @compile Person.java InlineOops.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UseG1GC -Xmx128m -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseFieldFlattening
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineOops 20
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test id=Parallel
+ * @requires vm.gc.Parallel
+ * @summary Test embedding oops into Inline types
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @compile Person.java InlineOops.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UseParallelGC -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -Xmx128m -XX:+UseFieldFlattening
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineOops
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test id=Shenandoah
+ * @requires vm.gc.Shenandoah
+ * @summary Test embedding oops into Inline types
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @compile Person.java InlineOops.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -Xmx128m -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseFieldFlattening
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineOops
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test id=Z
+ * @requires vm.gc.Z
+ * @summary Test embedding oops into Inline types
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @compile Person.java InlineOops.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+UseZGC -Xmx128m
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseFieldFlattening
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineOops
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test id=ZXint
+ * @requires vm.gc.Z
+ * @summary Test embedding oops into Inline types (sanity check with interpreter only the most complex GC)
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @compile Person.java InlineOops.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xint -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+UseZGC -Xmx128m
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseFieldFlattening
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineOops
+ */
+public class InlineOops {
+
+    // Extra debug: -XX:+VerifyOops -XX:+VerifyStack -XX:+VerifyLastFrame -XX:+VerifyBeforeGC -XX:+VerifyAfterGC -XX:+VerifyDuringGC -XX:VerifySubSet=threads,heap
+    // Even more debugging: -XX:+TraceNewOopMapGeneration -Xlog:gc*=info
+
+    static final int NOF_PEOPLE = 10000; // Exercise arrays of this size
+
+    static int MIN_ACTIVE_GC_COUNT = 10; // Run active workload for this number of GC passes
+
+    static int MED_ACTIVE_GC_COUNT = 4;  // Medium life span in terms of GC passes
+
+    static final String TEST_STRING1 = "Test String 1";
+    static final String TEST_STRING2 = "Test String 2";
+
+    static WhiteBox WB = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+
+    static boolean USE_COMPILER = WB.getBooleanVMFlag("UseCompiler");
+
+    static MethodHandles.Lookup LOOKUP = MethodHandles.lookup();
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        if (args.length > 0) {
+            MIN_ACTIVE_GC_COUNT = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
+        }
+        testClassLoad();
+        testValues();
+
+        if (!USE_COMPILER) {
+            testOopMaps();
+        }
+
+        // Check we survive GC...
+        testOverGc();   // Exercise root scan / oopMap
+        testActiveGc(); // Brute force
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test ClassFileParser can load inline types with reference fields
+     */
+    public static void testClassLoad() {
+        String s = Person.class.toString();
+        new Bar();
+        new BarWithValue();
+        s = BarValue.class.toString();
+        s = ObjectWithObjectValue.class.toString();
+        s = ObjectWithObjectValues.class.toString();
+    }
+
+
+    static class Couple {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public Person onePerson;
+        @NullRestricted
+        public Person otherPerson;
+
+        Couple() {
+            onePerson = new Person(0, null, null);
+            otherPerson = new Person(0, null, null);
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Composition {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public Person onePerson;
+        @NullRestricted
+        public Person otherPerson;
+
+        public Composition(Person onePerson, Person otherPerson) {
+            this.onePerson = onePerson;
+            this.otherPerson = otherPerson;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check inline type operations with "Valhalla Inline Types" (VVT)
+     */
+    public static void testValues() {
+        // Exercise creation, getfield, vreturn with null refs
+        validateDefaultPerson(createDefaultPerson());
+
+        // anewarray, aaload, aastore
+        int index = 7;
+        Person[] array = (Person[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Person.class, NOF_PEOPLE, new Person(0, null, null));
+        validateDefaultPerson(array[index]);
+
+        // Now with refs...
+        validateIndexedPerson(createIndexedPerson(index), index);
+        array[index] = createIndexedPerson(index);
+        validateIndexedPerson(array[index], index);
+
+        // Check the neighbours
+        validateDefaultPerson(array[index - 1]);
+        validateDefaultPerson(array[index + 1]);
+
+        // getfield/putfield
+        Couple couple = new Couple();
+        validateDefaultPerson(couple.onePerson);
+        validateDefaultPerson(couple.otherPerson);
+
+        couple.onePerson = createIndexedPerson(index);
+        validateIndexedPerson(couple.onePerson, index);
+
+        Composition composition = new Composition(couple.onePerson, couple.onePerson);
+        validateIndexedPerson(composition.onePerson, index);
+        validateIndexedPerson(composition.otherPerson, index);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check oop map generation for klass layout and frame...
+     */
+    public static void testOopMaps() {
+        Object[] objects = WB.getObjectsViaKlassOopMaps(new Couple());
+        assertTrue(objects.length == 4, "Expected 4 oops");
+        for (int i = 0; i < objects.length; i++) {
+            assertTrue(objects[i] == null, "not-null");
+        }
+
+        String fn1 = "Sam";
+        String ln1 = "Smith";
+        String fn2 = "Jane";
+        String ln2 = "Jones";
+        Couple couple = new Couple();
+        couple.onePerson = new Person(0, fn1, ln1);
+        couple.otherPerson = new Person(1, fn2, ln2);
+        objects = WB.getObjectsViaKlassOopMaps(couple);
+        assertTrue(objects.length == 4, "Expected 4 oops");
+        assertTrue(objects[0] == fn1, "Bad oop fn1");
+        assertTrue(objects[1] == ln1, "Bad oop ln1");
+        assertTrue(objects[2] == fn2, "Bad oop fn2");
+        assertTrue(objects[3] == ln2, "Bad oop ln2");
+
+        objects = WB.getObjectsViaOopIterator(couple);
+        assertTrue(objects.length == 4, "Expected 4 oops");
+        assertTrue(objects[0] == fn1, "Bad oop fn1");
+        assertTrue(objects[1] == ln1, "Bad oop ln1");
+        assertTrue(objects[2] == fn2, "Bad oop fn2");
+        assertTrue(objects[3] == ln2, "Bad oop ln2");
+
+        // Array..
+        objects = WB.getObjectsViaOopIterator(createPeople());
+        assertTrue(objects.length == NOF_PEOPLE * 2, "Unexpected length: " + objects.length);
+        int o = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < NOF_PEOPLE; i++) {
+            assertTrue(objects[o++].equals(firstName(i)), "Bad firstName");
+            assertTrue(objects[o++].equals(lastName(i)), "Bad lastName");
+        }
+
+        // Sanity check, FixMe need more test cases
+        objects = testFrameOops(couple);
+        assertTrue(objects.length == 5, "Number of frame oops incorrect = " + objects.length);
+        assertTrue(objects[0] == couple, "Bad oop 0");
+        assertTrue(objects[1] == fn1, "Bad oop 1");
+        assertTrue(objects[2] == ln1, "Bad oop 2");
+        assertTrue(objects[3] == TEST_STRING1, "Bad oop 3");
+        assertTrue(objects[4] == TEST_STRING2, "Bad oop 4");
+
+        testFrameOopsVBytecodes();
+    }
+
+    static final String GET_OOP_MAP_NAME = "getOopMap";
+    static final MethodTypeDesc GET_OOP_MAP_DESC = MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()[Ljava/lang/Object;");
+
+    public static Object[] getOopMap() {
+        Object[] oopMap = WB.getObjectsViaFrameOopIterator(2);
+        /* Remove this frame (class mirror for this method), and above class mirror */
+        Object[] trimmedOopMap = new Object[oopMap.length - 2];
+        System.arraycopy(oopMap, 2, trimmedOopMap, 0, trimmedOopMap.length);
+        return trimmedOopMap;
+    }
+
+    // Expecting Couple couple, Person couple.onePerson, and Person (created here)
+    public static Object[] testFrameOops(Couple couple) {
+        int someId = 89898;
+        Person person = couple.onePerson;
+        assertTrue(person.getId() == 0, "Bad Person");
+        Person anotherPerson = new Person(someId, TEST_STRING1, TEST_STRING2);
+        assertTrue(anotherPerson.getId() == someId, "Bad Person");
+        return getOopMap();
+    }
+
+    // Debug...
+    static void dumpOopMap(Object[] oopMap) {
+        System.out.println("Oop Map len: " + oopMap.length);
+        for (int i = 0; i < oopMap.length; i++) {
+            System.out.println("[" + i + "] = " + oopMap[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Just some check sanity checks with astore and aload
+     *
+     * Changes to javac slot usage may well break this test
+     */
+    public static void testFrameOopsVBytecodes() {
+        int nofOopMaps = 4;
+        Object[][] oopMaps = new Object[nofOopMaps][];
+        String[] inputArgs = new String[] { "aName", "aDescription", "someNotes" };
+
+        FooValue.testFrameOopsDefault(oopMaps);
+
+        // Test-D0 Slots=R Stack=Q(RRR)RV
+        assertTrue(oopMaps[0].length == 5 &&
+                oopMaps[0][1] == null &&
+                oopMaps[0][2] == null &&
+                oopMaps[0][3] == null, "Test-D0 incorrect");
+
+        // Test-D1 Slots=R Stack=RV
+        assertTrue(oopMaps[1].length == 2, "Test-D1 incorrect");
+
+        // Test-D2 Slots=RQ(RRR) Stack=RV
+        assertTrue(oopMaps[2].length == 5 &&
+                oopMaps[2][1] == null &&
+                oopMaps[2][2] == null &&
+                oopMaps[2][3] == null, "Test-D2 incorrect");
+
+        // Test-D3 Slots=R Stack=Q(RRR)RV
+        assertTrue(oopMaps[3].length == 6 &&
+                oopMaps[3][1] == null &&
+                oopMaps[3][2] == null &&
+                oopMaps[3][3] == null &&
+                oopMaps[3][4] == null, "Test-D3 incorrect");
+
+        // With ref fields...
+        String name = "TestName";
+        String desc = "TestDesc";
+        String note = "TestNotes";
+        FooValue.testFrameOopsRefs(name, desc, note, oopMaps);
+
+        // Test-R0 Slots=RR Stack=Q(RRR)RV
+        assertTrue(oopMaps[0].length == 6 &&
+                oopMaps[0][2] == name &&
+                oopMaps[0][3] == desc &&
+                oopMaps[0][4] == note, "Test-R0 incorrect");
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check forcing GC for combination of VT on stack/LVT etc works
+     */
+    public static void testOverGc() {
+        try {
+            Class<?> vtClass = Person.class;
+
+            System.out.println("vtClass="+vtClass);
+
+            doGc();
+
+            // VT on stack and lvt, null refs, see if GC flies
+            MethodHandle moveValueThroughStackAndLvt = InstructionHelper.buildMethodHandle(
+                    LOOKUP,
+                    "gcOverPerson",
+                    MethodType.methodType(vtClass, vtClass),
+                    CODE->{
+                        CODE
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .invokestatic(classDesc(InlineOops.class), "doGc", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()V")) // Stack
+                        .astore(0)
+                        .invokestatic(classDesc(InlineOops.class), "doGc", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()V")) // LVT
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .astore(1024) // LVT wide index
+                        .aload(1024)
+                        .iconst_1()  // push a litte further down
+                        .invokestatic(classDesc(InlineOops.class), "doGc", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()V")) // Stack,LVT
+                        .pop()
+                        .areturn();
+                    });
+            Person person = (Person) moveValueThroughStackAndLvt.invokeExact(createDefaultPerson());
+            validateDefaultPerson(person);
+            doGc();
+
+            int index = 4711;
+            person = (Person) moveValueThroughStackAndLvt.invokeExact(createIndexedPerson(index));
+            validateIndexedPerson(person, index);
+            doGc();
+            person = createDefaultPerson();
+            doGc();
+        }
+        catch (Throwable t) { fail("testOverGc", t); }
+    }
+
+    static void submitNewWork(ForkJoinPool fjPool) {
+        for (int j = 0; j < 100; j++) {
+            fjPool.execute(InlineOops::testValues);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void sleepNoThrow(long ms) {
+        try {
+            Thread.sleep(ms);
+        }
+        catch (Throwable t) {}
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Run some workloads with different object/value life times...
+     */
+    public static void testActiveGc() {
+        try {
+            int nofThreads = 1;
+
+            Object longLivedObjects = createLongLived();
+            Object longLivedPeople = createPeople();
+
+            Object medLivedObjects = createLongLived();
+            Object medLivedPeople = createPeople();
+
+            doGc();
+
+            // Setup some background work, where GC roots are stack local only, short lifetimes...
+            ForkJoinPool fjPool = new ForkJoinPool(nofThreads, ForkJoinPool.defaultForkJoinWorkerThreadFactory, null, true);
+
+            // Work on this stack's long and medium lived objects
+            for (int nofActiveGc = 0; nofActiveGc < MIN_ACTIVE_GC_COUNT; nofActiveGc++) {
+                // Medium lifetime, check and renew
+                if (nofActiveGc % MED_ACTIVE_GC_COUNT == 0) {
+                    validateLongLived(medLivedObjects);
+                    validatePeople(medLivedPeople);
+
+                    medLivedObjects = createLongLived();
+                    medLivedPeople = createPeople();
+                }
+                // More short lived background, if needed
+                if (!fjPool.hasQueuedSubmissions()) {
+                    submitNewWork(fjPool);
+                }
+                // Forced, synchronous GC
+                doGc();
+            }
+
+            fjPool.shutdown();
+
+            validateLongLived(medLivedObjects);
+            validatePeople(medLivedPeople);
+            medLivedObjects = null;
+            medLivedPeople = null;
+
+            validateLongLived(longLivedObjects);
+            validatePeople(longLivedPeople);
+
+            longLivedObjects = null;
+            longLivedPeople = null;
+
+            doGc();
+        }
+        catch (Throwable t) { fail("testActiveGc", t); }
+    }
+
+    static final ReferenceQueue<Object> REFQ = new ReferenceQueue<>();
+
+    public static void doGc() {
+        WB.fullGC();
+    }
+
+    static void validatePerson(Person person, int id, String fn, String ln, boolean equals) {
+        assertTrue(person.id == id);
+        if (equals) {
+            assertTrue(fn.equals(person.getFirstName()), "Invalid field firstName");
+            assertTrue(ln.equals(person.getLastName()), "Invalid  field lastName");
+        }
+        else {
+            assertTrue(person.getFirstName() == fn, "Invalid field firstName");
+            assertTrue(person.getLastName() == ln, "Invalid  field lastName");
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Person createIndexedPerson(int i) {
+        return new Person(i, firstName(i), lastName(i));
+    }
+
+    static void validateIndexedPerson(Person person, int i) {
+        validatePerson(person, i, firstName(i), lastName(i), true);
+    }
+
+    static Person createDefaultPerson() {
+        return (Person)ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Person.class, 1, new Person(0, null, null))[0];
+    }
+
+    static void validateDefaultPerson(Person person) {
+        validatePerson(person, 0, null, null, false);
+    }
+
+    static String firstName(int i) {
+        return "FirstName-" + i;
+    }
+
+    static String lastName(int i) {
+        return "LastName-" + i;
+    }
+
+    static Object createLongLived()  throws Throwable {
+        Object[] population = new Object[1];
+        population[0] = createPeople();
+        return population;
+    }
+
+    static void validateLongLived(Object pop) throws Throwable {
+        Object[] population = (Object[]) pop;
+        validatePeople(population[0]);
+    }
+
+    static Object createPeople() {
+        int arrayLength = NOF_PEOPLE;
+        Person[] people = new Person[arrayLength];
+        for (int i = 0; i < arrayLength; i++) {
+            people[i] = createIndexedPerson(i);
+        }
+        return people;
+    }
+
+    static void validatePeople(Object array) {
+        Person[] people = (Person[]) array;
+        int arrayLength = people.length;
+        assertTrue(arrayLength == NOF_PEOPLE);
+        for (int i = 0; i < arrayLength; i++) {
+            validateIndexedPerson(people[i], i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Various field layouts...sanity testing, see MVTCombo testing for full-set
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class ObjectValue {
+        final Object object;
+
+        private ObjectValue(Object obj) {
+            object = obj;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class ObjectWithObjectValue {
+        ObjectValue value1;
+        Object      ref1;
+    }
+
+    static class ObjectWithObjectValues {
+        ObjectValue value1;
+        ObjectValue value2;
+        Object      ref1;
+    }
+
+    static class Foo {
+        int id;
+        String name;
+        String description;
+        long timestamp;
+        String notes;
+    }
+
+    static class Bar extends Foo {
+        long extendedId;
+        String moreNotes;
+        int count;
+        String otherStuff;
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class FooValue {
+        public final int id;
+        public final String name;
+        public final String description;
+        public final long timestamp;
+        public final String notes;
+
+        public FooValue() {
+            id = 0;
+            name = null;
+            description = null;
+            timestamp = 0L;
+            notes = null;
+        }
+
+        public FooValue(int id, String name, String description, long timestamp, String notes) {
+            this.id = id;
+            this.name = name;
+            this.description = description;
+            this.timestamp = timestamp;
+            this.notes = notes;
+        }
+
+        public static void testFrameOopsDefault(Object[][] oopMaps) {
+            MethodType mt = MethodType.methodType(Void.TYPE, oopMaps.getClass());
+            int oopMapsSlot   = 0;
+            int vtSlot        = 1;
+
+            // Slots 1=oopMaps
+            // OopMap Q=RRR (.name .description .someNotes)
+            try {
+                InstructionHelper.buildMethodHandle(
+                        LOOKUP, "exerciseVBytecodeExprStackWithDefault", mt,
+                        CODE->{
+                            CODE
+                            .new_(classDesc(FooValue.class))
+                            .dup()
+                            .invokespecial(classDesc(FooValue.class), "<init>", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()V"))
+                            .aload(oopMapsSlot)
+                            .iconst_0()  // Test-D0 Slots=R Stack=Q(RRR)RV
+                            .invokestatic(classDesc(InlineOops.class), GET_OOP_MAP_NAME, GET_OOP_MAP_DESC)
+                            .aastore()
+                            .pop()
+                            .aload(oopMapsSlot)
+                            .iconst_1()  // Test-D1 Slots=R Stack=RV
+                            .invokestatic(classDesc(InlineOops.class), GET_OOP_MAP_NAME, GET_OOP_MAP_DESC)
+                            .aastore()
+                            .new_(classDesc(FooValue.class))
+                            .dup()
+                            .invokespecial(classDesc(FooValue.class), "<init>", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()V"))
+                            .astore(vtSlot)
+                            .aload(oopMapsSlot)
+                            .iconst_2()  // Test-D2 Slots=RQ(RRR) Stack=RV
+                            .invokestatic(classDesc(InlineOops.class), GET_OOP_MAP_NAME, GET_OOP_MAP_DESC)
+                            .aastore()
+                            .aload(vtSlot)
+                            .aconst_null()
+                            .astore(vtSlot) // Storing null over the Q slot won't remove the ref, but should be single null ref
+                            .aload(oopMapsSlot)
+                            .iconst_3()  // Test-D3 Slots=R Stack=Q(RRR)RV
+                            .invokestatic(classDesc(InlineOops.class), GET_OOP_MAP_NAME, GET_OOP_MAP_DESC)
+                            .aastore()
+                            .pop()
+                            .return_();
+                        }).invoke(oopMaps);
+            } catch (Throwable t) { fail("exerciseVBytecodeExprStackWithDefault", t); }
+        }
+
+        public static void testFrameOopsRefs(String name, String description, String notes, Object[][] oopMaps) {
+            FooValue f = new FooValue(4711, name, description, 9876543231L, notes);
+            FooValue[] fa = (FooValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(FooValue.class, 1, new FooValue());
+            fa[0] = f;
+            MethodType mt = MethodType.methodType(Void.TYPE, fa.getClass(), oopMaps.getClass());
+            int fooArraySlot  = 0;
+            int oopMapsSlot   = 1;
+            try {
+                InstructionHelper.buildMethodHandle(LOOKUP, "exerciseVBytecodeExprStackWithRefs", mt,
+                        CODE->{
+                            CODE
+                            .aload(fooArraySlot)
+                            .iconst_0()
+                            .aaload()
+                            .aload(oopMapsSlot)
+                            .iconst_0()  // Test-R0 Slots=RR Stack=Q(RRR)RV
+                            .invokestatic(classDesc(InlineOops.class), GET_OOP_MAP_NAME, GET_OOP_MAP_DESC)
+                            .aastore()
+                            .pop()
+                            .return_();
+                        }).invoke(fa, oopMaps);
+            } catch (Throwable t) { fail("exerciseVBytecodeExprStackWithRefs", t); }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class BarWithValue {
+        FooValue foo;
+        long extendedId;
+        String moreNotes;
+        int count;
+        String otherStuff;
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class BarValue {
+        @NullRestricted
+        FooValue foo;
+        long extendedId;
+        String moreNotes;
+        int count;
+        String otherStuff;
+
+        private BarValue(FooValue f, long extId, String mNotes, int c, String other) {
+            foo = f;
+            extendedId = extId;
+            moreNotes = mNotes;
+            count = c;
+            otherStuff = other;
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeArray.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeArray.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2be03354c31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeArray.java
@@ -0,0 +1,895 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import static jdk.test.lib.Asserts.*;
+
+/*
+ * @test id=default
+ * @summary Plain array test for Inline Types
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile --source 28 InlineTypeArray.java Point.java Long8Inline.java Person.java
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseArrayFlattening -XX:+UseFieldFlattening runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeArray
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-array-flattening
+ * @summary Plain array test for Inline Types
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile --source 28 InlineTypeArray.java Point.java Long8Inline.java Person.java
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-UseArrayFlattening runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeArray
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-tearable
+ * @summary Plain array test for Inline Types
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile --source 28 InlineTypeArray.java Point.java Long8Inline.java Person.java
+ * @run main/othervm  -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:ForceNonTearable=* runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeArray
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=nullable-value-flattening
+ * @summary Plain array test for Inline Types
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile --source 28 InlineTypeArray.java Point.java Long8Inline.java Person.java
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseArrayFlattening -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeArray
+ */
+public class InlineTypeArray {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        InlineTypeArray inlineTypeArray = new InlineTypeArray();
+        inlineTypeArray.run();
+    }
+
+    public void run() {
+        testClassForName();
+        testSimplePointArray();
+        testLong8Array();
+        testMixedPersonArray();
+        testMultiDimPointArray();
+        testComposition();
+
+        testSanityCheckcasts();
+        testObjectArrayOfInlines();
+
+        testReflectArray();
+        testUtilArraysOnNullRestrictedNonAtomicArrays();
+        testUtilArraysOnNullRestrictedAtomicArrays();
+        testUtilArraysOnNullableAtomicArrays();
+
+        testInlineArrayOom();
+    }
+
+    void testClassForName() {
+        String arrayClsName = "[Lruntime.valhalla.inlinetypes.Point;";
+        try {
+            Class<?> arrayCls = Class.forName(arrayClsName);
+            assertTrue(arrayCls.isArray(), "Expected an array class");
+
+            arrayClsName = "[" + arrayClsName;
+            Class<?> mulArrayCls = Class.forName(arrayClsName);
+            assertTrue(mulArrayCls.isArray());
+            assertTrue(mulArrayCls.getComponentType() == arrayCls);
+        }
+        catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfe) {
+            fail("Class.forName(" + arrayClsName + ") failed", cnfe);
+        }
+    }
+
+    void testSimplePointArray() {
+        Point[] defaultPoint = (Point[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Point.class, 1, new Point(0, 0));
+        Point p = defaultPoint[0];
+        assertEquals(p.x, 0, "invalid default loaded from array");
+        assertEquals(p.y, 0, "invalid default loaded from array");
+        boolean gotNpe = false;
+        try {
+            defaultPoint[0] = (Point) getNull();
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            gotNpe = true;
+        }
+        assertTrue(gotNpe, "Expected NullPointerException");
+
+        Point[] points = createSimplePointArray();
+        System.gc(); // check that VTs survive GC
+        checkSimplePointArray(points);
+        assertTrue(points instanceof Point[], "Instance of");
+
+        testSimplePointArrayCopy();
+
+        // Locked/unlocked flat array type checks
+        points = createSimplePointArray();
+        Point[] pointsCopy = (Point[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Point.class, points.length, new Point(0, 0));
+        synchronized (points) {
+            assertTrue(points instanceof Point[], "Instance of");
+            checkSimplePointArray(points);
+            System.arraycopy(points, 0, pointsCopy, 0, points.length);
+            synchronized (pointsCopy) {
+                assertTrue(pointsCopy instanceof Point[], "Instance of");
+                checkSimplePointArray(pointsCopy);
+                System.gc();
+            }
+            System.gc();
+        }
+        assertTrue(pointsCopy instanceof Point[], "Instance of");
+        checkSimplePointArray(pointsCopy);
+    }
+
+    void testSimplePointArrayCopy() {
+        Point[] points = createSimplePointArray();
+        Point[] pointsCopy = (Point[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Point.class, points.length, new Point(0, 0));
+        System.arraycopy(points, 0, pointsCopy, 0, points.length);
+        checkSimplePointArray(pointsCopy);
+
+        // Conjoint, overlap...left
+        System.arraycopy(points, 0, points, 1, 2);
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(points, new Point[] { pointsCopy[0], pointsCopy[0], pointsCopy[1], pointsCopy[3] });
+
+        // Conjoint, overlap...right
+        points = createSimplePointArray();
+        System.arraycopy(points, 2, points, 1, 2);
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(points, new Point[] { pointsCopy[0], pointsCopy[2], pointsCopy[3], pointsCopy[3] });
+    }
+
+    static Point[] createSimplePointArray() {
+        Point[] ps = (Point[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Point.class, 4, new Point(0, 0));
+        assertEquals(ps.length, 4, "Length");
+        ps.toString();
+        ps[0] = new Point(1, 2);
+        ps[1] = new Point(3, 4);
+        ps[2] = new Point(5, 6);
+        ps[3] = new Point(7, 8);
+        boolean sawOob = false;
+        try {
+            ps[ps.length] = new Point(0, 0);
+        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aioobe) { sawOob = true; }
+        assertTrue(sawOob, "Didn't see AIOOBE");
+        return ps;
+    }
+
+    static void checkSimplePointArray(Point[] points) {
+        assertEquals(points[0].x, 1, "invalid 0 point x value");
+        assertEquals(points[0].y, 2, "invalid 0 point y value");
+        assertEquals(points[1].x, 3, "invalid 1 point x value");
+        assertEquals(points[1].y, 4, "invalid 1 point y value");
+        assertEquals(points[2].x, 5, "invalid 2 point x value");
+        assertEquals(points[2].y, 6, "invalid 2 point y value");
+        assertEquals(points[3].x, 7, "invalid 3 point x value");
+        assertEquals(points[3].y, 8, "invalid 3 point y value");
+    }
+
+    void testLong8Array() {
+        Long8Inline[] values = (Long8Inline[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Long8Inline.class, 3, new Long8Inline());
+        assertEquals(values.length, 3, "length");
+        values.toString();
+        Long8Inline value = values[1];
+        long zl = 0;
+        Long8Inline.check(value, zl, zl, zl, zl, zl, zl, zl, zl);
+        values[1] = new Long8Inline(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8);
+        value = values[1];
+        Long8Inline.check(value, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8);
+
+        Long8Inline[] copy = (Long8Inline[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Long8Inline.class, values.length, new Long8Inline());
+        System.arraycopy(values, 0, copy, 0, values.length);
+        value = copy[1];
+        Long8Inline.check(value, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8);
+    }
+
+    void testMixedPersonArray() {
+        Person[] people = (Person[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Person.class, 3, new Person(0, null, null));
+
+        people[0] = new Person(1, "First", "Last");
+        assertEquals(people[0].getId(), 1, "Invalid Id person");
+        assertEquals(people[0].getFirstName(), "First", "Invalid First Name");
+        assertEquals(people[0].getLastName(), "Last", "Invalid Last Name");
+
+        people[1] = new Person(2, "Jane", "Wayne");
+        people[2] = new Person(3, "Bob", "Dobalina");
+
+        Person[] peopleCopy = (Person[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Person.class, people.length, new Person(0, null, null));
+        System.arraycopy(people, 0, peopleCopy, 0, people.length);
+        assertEquals(peopleCopy[2].getId(), 3, "Invalid Id");
+        assertEquals(peopleCopy[2].getFirstName(), "Bob", "Invalid First Name");
+        assertEquals(peopleCopy[2].getLastName(), "Dobalina", "Invalid Last Name");
+    }
+
+    void testMultiDimPointArray() {
+        /*
+        Point[][][] multiPoints = new Point[2][3][4];
+        assertEquals(multiPoints.length, 2, "1st dim length");
+        assertEquals(multiPoints[0].length, 3, "2st dim length");
+        assertEquals(multiPoints[0][0].length, 4, "3rd dim length");
+
+        Point defaultPoint = multiPoints[1][2][3];
+        assertEquals(defaultPoint.x, 0, "invalid point x value");
+        assertEquals(defaultPoint.y, 0, "invalid point x value");
+        */
+    }
+
+    void testReflectArray() {
+        // Check the java.lang.reflect.Array.newInstance methods...
+        Class<?> cls = (Class<?>) Point[].class;
+        Point[][] array = (Point[][]) Array.newInstance(cls, 1);
+        assertEquals(array.length, 1, "Incorrect length");
+        assertTrue(array[0] == null, "Expected NULL");
+
+        Point[][][] array3 = (Point[][][]) Array.newInstance(cls, 1, 2);
+        assertEquals(array3.length, 1, "Incorrect length");
+        assertEquals(array3[0].length, 2, "Incorrect length");
+        assertTrue(array3[0][0] == null, "Expected NULL");
+
+        // Now create ObjArrays of InlineArray...
+        Point[][] barray = (Point[][]) Array.newInstance(Point.class, 1, 2);
+        assertEquals(barray.length, 1, "Incorrect length");
+        assertEquals(barray[0].length, 2, "Incorrect length");
+        barray[0][1] = new Point(1, 2);
+        Point pb = barray[0][1];
+        int x = pb.getX();
+        assertEquals(x, 1, "Bad Point Value");
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyInt implements Comparable<MyInt> {
+        int value;
+
+        private MyInt() { this(0); }
+        private MyInt(int v) { value = v; }
+        public int getValue() { return value; }
+        public String toString() { return "MyInt: " + getValue(); }
+        public int compareTo(MyInt that) { return Integer.compare(this.getValue(), that.getValue()); }
+        public boolean equals(Object o) {
+            if (o instanceof MyInt) {
+                return this.getValue() == ((MyInt) o).getValue();
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        public static MyInt create(int v) {
+            return new MyInt(v);
+        }
+
+        public static final MyInt MIN = MyInt.create(Integer.MIN_VALUE);
+        public static final MyInt ZERO = MyInt.create(0);
+        public static final MyInt MAX = MyInt.create(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
+    }
+
+    static MyInt staticMyInt;
+    static MyInt[] staticMyIntArray;
+    static MyInt[][] staticMyIntArrayArray;
+
+    static {
+        staticMyInt = MyInt.create(-1);
+        staticMyIntArray = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyInt.class, 1, new MyInt());
+        staticMyIntArray[0] = staticMyInt;
+        staticMyIntArrayArray = new MyInt[][] { staticMyIntArray, staticMyIntArray };
+    }
+
+    static value class MyShorts implements Comparable<MyShorts> {
+        short s0, s1;
+
+        private MyShorts() { this((short)0, (short)0); }
+        private MyShorts(short sa, short sb) { s0 = sa; s1 = sb; }
+        public short getS0() { return s0; }
+        public short getS1() { return s1; }
+        public String toString() { return "MyShorts: " + getS0() + " " + getS1(); }
+        public int compareTo(MyShorts that) {
+            int r = Short.compare(this.getS0(), that.getS0());
+            return r != 0 ? r : Short.compare(this.getS1(), that.getS1());
+        }
+        public boolean equals(Object o) {
+            if (o instanceof MyShorts) {
+                return this.getS0() == ((MyShorts) o).getS0() && this.getS1() == ((MyShorts) o).getS1();
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        public static MyShorts create(short s0, short s1) {
+            return new MyShorts(s0, s1);
+        }
+
+        public static final MyShorts MIN = MyShorts.create(Short.MIN_VALUE, Short.MIN_VALUE);
+        public static final MyShorts ZERO = MyShorts.create((short)0, (short)0);
+        public static final MyShorts MAX = MyShorts.create(Short.MAX_VALUE, Short.MAX_VALUE);
+    }
+
+    static interface SomeSecondaryType {
+        default String hi() { return "Hi"; }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyOtherInt implements SomeSecondaryType {
+        final int value;
+        private MyOtherInt() { value = 0; }
+    }
+
+    void testSanityCheckcasts() {
+        MyInt[] myInts = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyInt.class, 1, new MyInt());
+        assertTrue(myInts instanceof Object[]);
+        assertTrue(myInts instanceof Comparable[]);
+        assertTrue(myInts instanceof MyInt[]);
+
+        Class<?> cls = MyInt.class;
+        assertTrue(cls.isValue());
+        Object arrObj = Array.newInstance(cls, 1);
+        assertTrue(arrObj instanceof Object[], "Not Object array");
+        assertTrue(arrObj instanceof Comparable[], "Not Comparable array");
+        assertTrue(arrObj instanceof MyInt[], "Not MyInt array");
+
+        Object[] arr = (Object[]) arrObj;
+        assertTrue(arr instanceof Comparable[], "Not Comparable array");
+        assertTrue(arr instanceof MyInt[], "Not MyInt array");
+        Comparable[] comparables = (Comparable[])arr;
+        MyInt[] myIntArr = (MyInt[]) arr;
+
+        // multi-dim, check secondary array types are setup...
+        MyOtherInt[][] matrix = new MyOtherInt[1][1];
+        assertTrue(matrix[0] instanceof MyOtherInt[]);
+        assertTrue(matrix[0] instanceof SomeSecondaryType[]);
+        assertTrue(matrix[0] instanceof MyOtherInt[]);
+
+        // Box types vs Inline...
+        MyInt[] myValueRefs = new MyInt[1];
+        assertTrue(myValueRefs instanceof MyInt[]);
+        assertTrue(myValueRefs instanceof Object[]);
+        assertTrue(myValueRefs instanceof Comparable[]);
+
+        MyInt[][] myMdValueRefs = new MyInt[1][1];
+        assertTrue(myMdValueRefs[0] instanceof MyInt[]);
+        assertTrue(myMdValueRefs[0] instanceof Object[]);
+        assertTrue(myMdValueRefs[0] instanceof Comparable[]);
+
+        // Did we break checkcast...
+        MyInt[]     va1 = (MyInt[])null;
+        MyInt[]     va2 = null;
+        MyInt[][]   va3 = (MyInt[][])null;
+        MyInt[][][] va4 = (MyInt[][][])null;
+    }
+
+
+    void testUtilArraysOnNullRestrictedNonAtomicArrays() {
+        // Sanity check j.u.Arrays
+
+        // Testing Arrays.copyOf()
+        MyInt[] myInts = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyInt.class, 3, new MyInt());
+        myInts[0] = MyInt.MAX;
+        myInts[1] = MyInt.MIN;
+        myInts[2] = MyInt.ZERO;
+
+        // Copy of same length, must work
+        MyInt[] copyMyInts = (MyInt[]) Arrays.copyOf(myInts, myInts.length);
+        MyInt[] expected = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyInt.class, 3, new MyInt());
+        expected[0] = myInts[0];
+        expected[1] = myInts[1];
+        expected[2] = myInts[2];
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(copyMyInts, expected);
+
+        // Copy of shorter length, must work
+        MyInt[] smallCopyMyInts = (MyInt[]) Arrays.copyOf(myInts, myInts.length - 1);
+        MyInt[] expected2 = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyInt.class, 2, new MyInt());
+        expected2[0] = myInts[0];
+        expected2[1] = myInts[1];
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(smallCopyMyInts, expected2);
+
+                // Copy of zero length on a zero-length array, must work
+        IllegalArgumentException iae = null;
+        MyShorts[] zeroCopyMyShorts = (MyShorts[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyShorts.class, 0, new MyShorts());
+        try {
+          MyShorts[] res = (MyShorts[]) Arrays.copyOf(zeroCopyMyShorts, 0);
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+            iae = e;
+        }
+        assertTrue(iae == null, "Unexpected exception");
+
+        // Copy of bigger length, must fail for null-restricted arrays
+        try {
+            MyInt[] bigCopyMyInts = (MyInt[]) Arrays.copyOf(myInts, myInts.length + 1);
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+            iae = e;
+        }
+        assertTrue(iae != null, "Exception not received");
+
+        // Testing Arrays.copyOfRange()
+        MyInt[] fullRangeCopy = (MyInt[]) Arrays.copyOfRange(myInts, 0, myInts.length);
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(copyMyInts, expected);
+
+        MyInt[] beginningRangeCopy = (MyInt[]) Arrays.copyOfRange(myInts, 0, 2);
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(beginningRangeCopy, expected2);
+
+
+        MyInt[] endingRangeCopy = (MyInt[]) Arrays.copyOfRange(myInts, 1, myInts.length);
+        MyInt[] expected3 = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyInt.class, 2, new MyInt());
+        expected3[0] = myInts[1];
+        expected3[1] = myInts[2];
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(endingRangeCopy, expected3);
+
+        // Range exceeding initial array's length, must fail for null-restricted arrays
+        iae = null;
+        try {
+            MyInt[] exceedingRangeCopy = (MyInt[]) Arrays.copyOfRange(myInts, 1, myInts.length + 1);
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+            iae = e;
+        }
+        assertTrue(iae != null, "Exception not received");
+
+        // Range starting after the end of the original array, must fail for null-restricted arrays
+        iae = null;
+        try {
+            MyInt[] farRangeCopy = (MyInt[]) Arrays.copyOfRange(myInts, myInts.length, myInts.length + 1);
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+            iae = e;
+        }
+        assertTrue(iae != null, "Exception not received");
+
+        Arrays.sort(copyMyInts);
+        expected = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyInt.class, 3, new MyInt());
+        expected[0] = (MyInt) MyInt.MIN;
+        expected[1] = (MyInt) MyInt.ZERO;
+        expected[2] = (MyInt) MyInt.MAX;
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(copyMyInts, expected);
+
+        List myIntList = Arrays.asList(copyMyInts);
+
+        MyInt[] dest = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyInt.class, copyMyInts.length, new MyInt());
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(copyMyInts, myIntList.toArray(dest));
+        // This next line needs testMixedLayoutArrays to work
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(copyMyInts, myIntList.toArray());
+
+        // Sanity check j.u.ArrayList
+        ArrayList<MyInt> aList = new ArrayList<MyInt>(Arrays.asList(copyMyInts));
+        assertTrue(aList.indexOf(MyInt.MIN) == 0, "Bad Index");
+        assertTrue(aList.indexOf(MyInt.ZERO) == 1, "Bad Index");
+        assertTrue(aList.indexOf(MyInt.MAX) == 2, "Bad Index");
+
+        aList.remove(2);
+        aList.add(MyInt.create(5));
+    }
+
+    void testUtilArraysOnNullRestrictedAtomicArrays() {
+        // Sanity check j.u.Arrays
+
+        // Testing Arrays.copyOf()
+        MyShorts[] myShorts = (MyShorts[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyShorts.class, 3, new MyShorts());
+        myShorts[0] = MyShorts.MAX;
+        myShorts[1] = MyShorts.MIN;
+        myShorts[2] = MyShorts.ZERO;
+
+        // Copy of same length, must work
+        MyShorts[] copyMyInts = (MyShorts[]) Arrays.copyOf(myShorts, myShorts.length);
+        MyShorts[] expected = (MyShorts[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyShorts.class, 3, new MyShorts());
+        expected[0] = myShorts[0];
+        expected[1] = myShorts[1];
+        expected[2] = myShorts[2];
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(copyMyInts, expected);
+
+        // Copy of shorter length, must work
+        MyShorts[] smallCopyMyInts = (MyShorts[]) Arrays.copyOf(myShorts, myShorts.length - 1);
+        MyShorts[] expected2 = (MyShorts[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyShorts.class, 2, new MyShorts());
+        expected2[0] = myShorts[0];
+        expected2[1] = myShorts[1];
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(smallCopyMyInts, expected2);
+
+        // Copy of zero length on a zero-length array, must work
+        IllegalArgumentException iae = null;
+        MyShorts[] zeroCopyMyShorts = (MyShorts[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyShorts.class, 0, new MyShorts());
+        try {
+          MyShorts[] res = (MyShorts[]) Arrays.copyOf(zeroCopyMyShorts, 0);
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+            iae = e;
+        }
+        assertTrue(iae == null, "Unexpected exception");
+
+        // Copy of bigger length, must fail for null-restricted arrays
+        try {
+            MyShorts[] bigCopyMyInts = (MyShorts[]) Arrays.copyOf(myShorts, myShorts.length + 1);
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+            iae = e;
+        }
+        assertTrue(iae != null, "Exception not received");
+
+        // Testing Arrays.copyOfRange()
+        MyShorts[] fullRangeCopy = (MyShorts[]) Arrays.copyOfRange(myShorts, 0, myShorts.length);
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(copyMyInts, expected);
+
+        MyShorts[] beginningRangeCopy = (MyShorts[]) Arrays.copyOfRange(myShorts, 0, 2);
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(beginningRangeCopy, expected2);
+
+
+        MyShorts[] endingRangeCopy = (MyShorts[]) Arrays.copyOfRange(myShorts, 1, myShorts.length);
+        MyShorts[] expected3 = (MyShorts[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyShorts.class, 2, new MyShorts());
+        expected3[0] = myShorts[1];
+        expected3[1] = myShorts[2];
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(endingRangeCopy, expected3);
+
+        // Range exceeding initial array's length, must fail for null-restricted arrays
+        iae = null;
+        try {
+            MyShorts[] exceedingRangeCopy = (MyShorts[]) Arrays.copyOfRange(myShorts, 1, myShorts.length + 1);
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+            iae = e;
+        }
+        assertTrue(iae != null, "Exception not received");
+
+        // Range starting after the end of the original array, must fail for null-restricted arrays
+        iae = null;
+        try {
+            MyShorts[] farRangeCopy = (MyShorts[]) Arrays.copyOfRange(myShorts, myShorts.length, myShorts.length + 1);
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+            iae = e;
+        }
+        assertTrue(iae != null, "Exception not received");
+
+        Arrays.sort(copyMyInts);
+        expected = (MyShorts[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyShorts.class, 3, new MyShorts());
+        expected[0] = (MyShorts) MyShorts.MIN;
+        expected[1] = (MyShorts) MyShorts.ZERO;
+        expected[2] = (MyShorts) MyShorts.MAX;
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(copyMyInts, expected);
+
+        List myIntList = Arrays.asList(copyMyInts);
+
+        MyShorts[] dest = (MyShorts[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyShorts.class, copyMyInts.length, new MyShorts());
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(copyMyInts, myIntList.toArray(dest));
+        // This next line needs testMixedLayoutArrays to work
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(copyMyInts, myIntList.toArray());
+
+        // Sanity check j.u.ArrayList
+        ArrayList<MyShorts> aList = new ArrayList<MyShorts>(Arrays.asList(copyMyInts));
+        assertTrue(aList.indexOf(MyShorts.MIN) == 0, "Bad Index");
+        assertTrue(aList.indexOf(MyShorts.ZERO) == 1, "Bad Index");
+        assertTrue(aList.indexOf(MyShorts.MAX) == 2, "Bad Index");
+
+        aList.remove(2);
+        aList.add(MyShorts.create((short)5, (short)7));
+    }
+
+    void testUtilArraysOnNullableAtomicArrays() {
+        // Sanity check j.u.Arrays
+
+        // Testing Arrays.copyOf()
+        MyInt[] myInts = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyInt.class, 3);
+        myInts[0] = MyInt.MAX;
+        myInts[1] = MyInt.MIN;
+        myInts[2] = MyInt.ZERO;
+
+        // Copy of same length, must work
+        MyInt[] copyMyInts = (MyInt[]) Arrays.copyOf(myInts, myInts.length);
+        MyInt[] expected = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyInt.class, 3);
+        expected[0] = myInts[0];
+        expected[1] = myInts[1];
+        expected[2] = myInts[2];
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(copyMyInts, expected);
+
+        // Copy of shorter length, must work
+        MyInt[] smallCopyMyInts = (MyInt[]) Arrays.copyOf(myInts, myInts.length - 1);
+        MyInt[] expected2 = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyInt.class, 2);
+        expected2[0] = myInts[0];
+        expected2[1] = myInts[1];
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(smallCopyMyInts, expected2);
+
+        // Copy of bigger length, must work for nullable arrays
+        MyInt[] bigCopyMyInts = (MyInt[]) Arrays.copyOf(myInts, myInts.length + 1);
+        MyInt[] expected2b = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyInt.class, 4);
+        expected2b[0] = myInts[0];
+        expected2b[1] = myInts[1];
+        expected2b[2] = myInts[2];
+        expected2b[3] = null;
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(bigCopyMyInts, expected2b);
+
+        // Testing Arrays.copyOfRange()
+        MyInt[] fullRangeCopy = (MyInt[]) Arrays.copyOfRange(myInts, 0, myInts.length);
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(copyMyInts, expected);
+
+        MyInt[] beginningRangeCopy = (MyInt[]) Arrays.copyOfRange(myInts, 0, 2);
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(beginningRangeCopy, expected2);
+
+        MyInt[] endingRangeCopy = (MyInt[]) Arrays.copyOfRange(myInts, 1, myInts.length);
+        MyInt[] expected3 = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyInt.class, 2);
+        expected3[0] = myInts[1];
+        expected3[1] = myInts[2];
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(endingRangeCopy, expected3);
+
+        // Range exceeding initial array's length, must succeed for nullable arrays
+        MyInt[] exceedingRangeCopy = (MyInt[]) Arrays.copyOfRange(myInts, 1, myInts.length + 1);
+        MyInt[] expected3b = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyInt.class, 3);
+        expected3b[0] = myInts[1];
+        expected3b[1] = myInts[2];
+        expected3b[2] = null;
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(exceedingRangeCopy, expected3b);
+
+        // Range starting after the end of the original array, must succeed for nullable arrays
+        MyInt[] farRangeCopy = (MyInt[]) Arrays.copyOfRange(myInts, myInts.length, myInts.length + 1);
+        MyInt[] expected3c = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyInt.class, 1);
+        expected3c[0] = null;
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(farRangeCopy, expected3c);
+
+        Arrays.sort(copyMyInts);
+        expected = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyInt.class, 3);
+        expected[0] = (MyInt) MyInt.MIN;
+        expected[1] = (MyInt) MyInt.ZERO;
+        expected[2] = (MyInt) MyInt.MAX;
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(copyMyInts, expected);
+
+        List myIntList = Arrays.asList(copyMyInts);
+
+        MyInt[] dest = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyInt.class, copyMyInts.length);
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(copyMyInts, myIntList.toArray(dest));
+        // This next line needs testMixedLayoutArrays to work
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(copyMyInts, myIntList.toArray());
+
+        // Sanity check j.u.ArrayList
+        ArrayList<MyInt> aList = new ArrayList<MyInt>(Arrays.asList(copyMyInts));
+        assertTrue(aList.indexOf(MyInt.MIN) == 0, "Bad Index");
+        assertTrue(aList.indexOf(MyInt.ZERO) == 1, "Bad Index");
+        assertTrue(aList.indexOf(MyInt.MAX) == 2, "Bad Index");
+
+        aList.remove(2);
+        aList.add(MyInt.create(5));
+    }
+
+    void testObjectArrayOfInlines() {
+        testSanityObjectArrays();
+        testMixedLayoutArrays();
+    }
+
+    void testSanityObjectArrays() {
+        Object[] objects = new Object[2];
+        assertTrue(objects[0] == null && objects[1] == null, "Not null ?");
+
+        objects[0] = MyInt.create(1);
+        objects[1] = Integer.valueOf(2);
+        assertTrue(objects[0].equals(MyInt.create(1)), "Bad Value");
+        assertTrue(objects[1].equals(Integer.valueOf(2)), "Bad Object");
+
+        Comparable[] copyComparables = new Comparable[objects.length];
+        System.arraycopy(objects, 0, copyComparables, 0, objects.length);
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(objects, copyComparables);
+
+        objects[0] = null;
+        objects[1] = null;
+        assertTrue(objects[0] == null && objects[1] == null, "Not null ?");
+
+        Comparable[] comparables = new Comparable[2];
+        assertTrue(comparables[0] == null && comparables[1] == null, "Not null ?");
+        comparables[0] = MyInt.create(3);
+        comparables[1] = Integer.valueOf(4);
+        assertTrue(comparables[0].equals(MyInt.create(3)), "Bad Value");
+        assertTrue(comparables[1].equals(Integer.valueOf(4)), "Bad Object");
+
+        Object[] copyObjects = new Object[2];
+        System.arraycopy(comparables, 0, copyObjects, 0, comparables.length);
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(comparables, copyObjects);
+
+        comparables[0] = null;
+        comparables[1] = null;
+        assertTrue(comparables[0] == null && comparables[1] == null, "Not null ?");
+
+        MyInt[] myIntRefArray = new MyInt[1];
+        assertTrue(myIntRefArray[0] == null, "Got: " + myIntRefArray[0]);
+        myIntRefArray[0] = null;
+
+        MyInt[] srcNulls = new MyInt[2];
+        MyInt[] dstNulls = new MyInt[2];
+        System.arraycopy(srcNulls, 0, dstNulls, 0, 2);
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(srcNulls, dstNulls);
+        srcNulls[1] = MyInt.create(1);
+        System.arraycopy(srcNulls, 0, dstNulls, 0, 2);
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(srcNulls, dstNulls);
+
+
+        // Locked/unlocked flat array type checks
+        synchronized (srcNulls) {
+            System.arraycopy(srcNulls, 0, dstNulls, 0, 2);
+            checkArrayElementsEqual(srcNulls, dstNulls);
+            System.gc();
+        }
+        System.gc();
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(srcNulls, dstNulls);
+    }
+
+    void testMixedLayoutArrays() {
+        Object[] objArray = new Object[3];
+        Comparable[] compArray = new Comparable[3];
+        MyInt[] valArray = new MyInt[] { (MyInt) MyInt.MIN, (MyInt) MyInt.ZERO, (MyInt) MyInt.MAX };
+
+        arrayCopy(valArray, 0, objArray, 0, 3);
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(valArray, objArray);
+        arrayCopy(valArray, 0, objArray, 0, 3);
+
+        objArray = new Object[3];
+        System.arraycopy(valArray, 0, objArray, 0, 3);
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(valArray, objArray);
+
+        System.arraycopy(valArray, 0, compArray, 0, 3);
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(valArray, compArray);
+
+        valArray = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyInt.class, 3, new MyInt());
+        valArray[0] = (MyInt) MyInt.ZERO;
+        valArray[1] = (MyInt) MyInt.ZERO;
+        valArray[2] = (MyInt) MyInt.ZERO;
+        System.arraycopy(compArray, 0, valArray, 0, 3);
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(valArray, compArray);
+
+        valArray = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyInt.class, 3, new MyInt());
+        valArray[0] = (MyInt) MyInt.ZERO;
+        valArray[1] = (MyInt) MyInt.ZERO;
+        valArray[2] = (MyInt) MyInt.ZERO;
+        System.arraycopy(objArray, 0, valArray, 0, 3);
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(valArray, objArray);
+
+        // Sanity check dst == src
+        System.arraycopy(valArray, 0, valArray, 0, 3);
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(valArray, objArray);
+
+        objArray[0] = "Not an inline object";
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(objArray, 0, valArray, 0, 3);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Expected ArrayStoreException");
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException ase) {}
+
+        MyInt[] myIntRefArray = new MyInt[3];
+        System.arraycopy(valArray, 0, myIntRefArray, 0, 3);
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(valArray, myIntRefArray);
+
+        myIntRefArray[0] = null;
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(myIntRefArray, 0, valArray, 0, 3);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Expected NullPointerException");
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {}
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyPoint {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyInt x;
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyInt y;
+
+        private MyPoint() { this(0, 0); }
+        private MyPoint(int x, int y) {
+            this.x = new MyInt(x);
+            this.y = new MyInt(y);
+        }
+        public boolean equals(Object that) {
+            if (that instanceof MyPoint) {
+                MyPoint thatPoint = (MyPoint) that;
+                return x.equals(thatPoint.x) && java.util.Objects.equals(y, thatPoint.y);
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+        static MyPoint create(int x) {
+            return new MyPoint(x, x);
+        }
+        static MyPoint create(int x, int y) {
+            return new MyPoint(x, y);
+        }
+        @NullRestricted
+        static final MyPoint ORIGIN = create(0);
+    }
+
+    void testComposition() {
+        // Test array operations with compostion of inline types, check element payload is correct...
+        MyPoint a = MyPoint.create(1, 2);
+        MyPoint b = MyPoint.create(7, 21);
+        MyPoint c = MyPoint.create(Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE);
+
+        MyPoint[] pts = (MyPoint[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyPoint.class, 3, new MyPoint());
+        if (!pts[0].equals(MyPoint.ORIGIN)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Equals failed: " + pts[0] + " vs " + MyPoint.ORIGIN);
+        }
+        pts = (MyPoint[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyPoint.class, 3, new MyPoint());
+        pts[0] = a;
+        pts[1] = b;
+        pts[2] = c;
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(pts, new Object[] { a, b, c});
+        Object[] oarr = new Object[3];
+
+        arrayCopy(pts, 0, oarr, 0, 3);
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(pts, oarr);
+
+        oarr = new Object[3];
+        System.arraycopy(pts, 0, oarr, 0, 3);
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(pts, oarr);
+
+        System.arraycopy(oarr, 0, pts, 0, 3);
+        checkArrayElementsEqual(pts, oarr);
+
+        oarr = new Object[3];
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(oarr, 0, pts, 0, 3);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Expected NPE");
+        }
+        catch (NullPointerException npe) {}
+
+        oarr = new Object[3];
+        oarr[0] = new Object();
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(oarr, 0, pts, 0, 3);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Expected ASE");
+        }
+        catch (ArrayStoreException ase) {}
+    }
+
+    void checkArrayElementsEqual(MyInt[] arr1, Object[] arr2) {
+        assertTrue(arr1.length == arr2.length, "Bad length");
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr1.length; i++) {
+            assertTrue(java.util.Objects.equals(arr1[i], arr2[i]), "Element " + i + " not equal");
+        }
+    }
+
+    void checkArrayElementsEqual(MyPoint[] arr1, Object[] arr2) {
+        assertTrue(arr1.length == arr2.length, "Bad length");
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr1.length; i++) {
+            assertTrue(java.util.Objects.equals(arr1[i], arr2[i]), "Element " + i + " not equal");
+        }
+    }
+
+    void checkArrayElementsEqual(Object[] arr1, Object[] arr2) {
+        assertTrue(arr1.length == arr2.length, "Bad length");
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr1.length; i++) {
+            assertTrue(java.util.Objects.equals(arr1[i], arr2[i]), "Element " + i + " not equal");
+        }
+    }
+
+    void arrayCopy(MyInt[] src, int srcPos, Object[] dst, int dstPos, int length) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < length ; i++) {
+            dst[dstPos++] = src[srcPos++];
+        }
+    }
+    void arrayCopy(MyPoint[] src, int srcPos, Object[] dst, int dstPos, int length) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < length ; i++) {
+            dst[dstPos++] = src[srcPos++];
+        }
+    }
+
+    Object getNull() { return null; }
+
+
+    void testInlineArrayOom() {
+        int size = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+        try {
+            MyPoint[] pts = new MyPoint[size];
+            throw new RuntimeException("Excepted OOM");
+        } catch (OutOfMemoryError oom) {}
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeCreation.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeCreation.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a9a779a7dd7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeCreation.java
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/*
+ * @test InlineTypeCreation
+ * @summary Inline Type creation test
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile InlineTypeCreation.java Point.java Long8Inline.java Person.java
+ * @run main/othervm runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeCreation
+ */
+public class InlineTypeCreation {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        InlineTypeCreation inlineTypeCreation = new InlineTypeCreation();
+        inlineTypeCreation.run();
+    }
+
+    public void run() {
+        testPoint();
+        testLong8();
+        testPerson();
+        StaticSelf.test();
+        testUnresolvedAndResolvedNew();
+    }
+
+    void testPoint() {
+        Point p = new Point(1, 2);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(p.x, 1, "invalid point x value");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(p.y, 2, "invalid point y value");
+        Point p2 = clonePoint(p);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(p2.x, 1, "invalid point clone x value");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(p2.y, 2, "invalid point clone y value");
+    }
+
+    static Point clonePoint(Point p) {
+        Point q = p;
+        return q;
+    }
+
+    void testLong8() {
+        Long8Inline long8Inline = new Long8Inline(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(long8Inline.getLongField1(), 1L, "Field 1 incorrect");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(long8Inline.getLongField8(), 8L, "Field 8 incorrect");
+        Long8Inline.check(long8Inline, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8);
+    }
+
+    void testPerson() {
+        Person person = new Person(1, "John", "Smith");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(person.getId(), 1, "Id field incorrect");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(person.getFirstName(), "John", "First name incorrect");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(person.getLastName(), "Smith", "Last name incorrect");
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class StaticSelf {
+
+        static final StaticSelf DEFAULT = new StaticSelf(0);
+        int f1;
+
+        public StaticSelf(int f1) { this.f1 = f1; }
+        public String toString() { return "StaticSelf f1=" + f1; }
+
+        public static void test() {
+            String s = DEFAULT.toString();
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    static value class MyPoint {
+         int x,y;
+         MyPoint(int x, int y) {
+             this.x = x;
+             this.y = y;
+         }
+     }
+
+    // Two instantiations of the same class to exercise both the unresolved and resolved paths
+    // in bytecode 'new' implementation
+    void testUnresolvedAndResolvedNew(){
+         MyPoint p1 = new MyPoint(10, 20);
+         MyPoint p2 = new MyPoint(20, 20);
+     }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeDensity.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeDensity.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..092fdef67e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeDensity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+
+/**
+ * @test id=compressed-oops
+ * @summary Heap density test for InlineTypes
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile InlineTypeDensity.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseArrayFlattening -XX:+UseCompressedOops
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeDensity
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test id=no-compressed-oops
+ * @summary Heap density test for InlineTypes
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile InlineTypeDensity.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseArrayFlattening -XX:-UseCompressedOops
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeDensity
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test id=no-explicit-compression
+ * @summary Heap density test for InlineTypes
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile InlineTypeDensity.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeDensity
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test id=force-non-tearable
+ * @summary Heap density test for InlineTypes
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile InlineTypeDensity.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:ForceNonTearable=*
+ *                   -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeDensity
+ */
+
+public class InlineTypeDensity {
+
+    private static final Unsafe UNSAFE = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
+    private static final WhiteBox WHITE_BOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+    private static final boolean VM_FLAG_FORCENONTEARABLE = WHITE_BOX.getStringVMFlag("ForceNonTearable").equals("*");
+    private static final boolean ARRAY_FLATTENING_ON = WHITE_BOX.getBooleanVMFlag("UseArrayFlattening");
+
+    interface LocalDate {
+        public int getYear();
+        public short getMonth();
+        public short getDay();
+    }
+
+    interface LocalTime {
+        public byte getHour();
+        public byte getMinute();
+        public byte getSecond();
+        public int getNano();
+    }
+
+    interface LocalDateTime extends LocalDate, LocalTime {}
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class LocalDateValue implements LocalDate {
+        final int   year;
+        final short month;
+        final short day;
+
+        public LocalDateValue(int year, short month, short day) {
+            this.year = year;
+            this.month = month;
+            this.day = day;
+        }
+
+        public int   getYear()  { return year; }
+        public short getMonth() { return month; }
+        public short getDay()   { return day; }
+
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class LocalTimeValue implements LocalTime {
+        final byte hour;
+        final byte minute;
+        final byte second;
+        final int nano;
+
+        public LocalTimeValue(byte hour, byte minute, byte second, int nano) {
+            this.hour = hour;
+            this.minute = minute;
+            this.second = second;
+            this.nano = nano;
+        }
+
+        public byte getHour()   { return hour; }
+        public byte getMinute() { return minute; }
+        public byte getSecond() { return second; }
+        public int getNano()    { return nano; }
+
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class LocalDateTimeValue implements LocalDateTime {
+        @NullRestricted
+        LocalDateValue date;
+        @NullRestricted
+        LocalTimeValue time;
+
+        public LocalDateTimeValue(LocalDateValue date, LocalTimeValue time) {
+            this.date = date;
+            this.time = time;
+        }
+
+        public int   getYear()  { return date.year; }
+        public short getMonth() { return date.month; }
+        public short getDay()   { return date.day; }
+
+        public byte getHour()   { return time.hour; }
+        public byte getMinute() { return time.minute; }
+        public byte getSecond() { return time.second; }
+        public int getNano()    { return time.nano; }
+
+    }
+
+    static final class LocalDateClass implements LocalDate {
+        final int   year;
+        final short month;
+        final short day;
+
+        LocalDateClass(int year, short month, short day) {
+            this.year  = year;
+            this.month = month;
+            this.day   = day;
+        }
+
+        public int   getYear()  { return year; }
+        public short getMonth() { return month; }
+        public short getDay()   { return day; }
+    }
+
+    static final class LocalTimeClass implements LocalTime {
+        final byte hour;
+        final byte minute;
+        final byte second;
+        final int nano;
+
+        LocalTimeClass(byte hour, byte minute, byte second, int nano) {
+            this.hour   = hour;
+            this.minute = minute;
+            this.second = second;
+            this.nano   = nano;
+        }
+
+        public byte getHour()   { return hour; }
+        public byte getMinute() { return minute; }
+        public byte getSecond() { return second; }
+        public int getNano()    { return nano; }
+    }
+
+    static final class LocalDateTimeClass implements LocalDateTime {
+        final LocalDateClass date;
+        final LocalTimeClass time;
+
+        LocalDateTimeClass(LocalDateClass date, LocalTimeClass time) {
+            this.date = date;
+            this.time = time;
+        }
+
+        public LocalDateClass getDate() { return date; }
+        public LocalTimeClass getTime() { return time; }
+
+        public int   getYear()  { return date.year; }
+        public short getMonth() { return date.month; }
+        public short getDay()   { return date.day; }
+
+        public byte getHour()   { return time.hour; }
+        public byte getMinute() { return time.minute; }
+        public byte getSecond() { return time.second; }
+        public int getNano()    { return time.nano; }
+    }
+
+    private void ensureArraySizeWin() {
+        int arrayLength = 1000;
+        System.out.println("ensureArraySizeWin for length " + arrayLength);
+        LocalDateTimeClass[] objectArray = new LocalDateTimeClass[arrayLength];
+        for (int i = 0; i < arrayLength; i++) {
+            objectArray[i] = new LocalDateTimeClass(new LocalDateClass(0, (short)0, (short)0),
+                    new LocalTimeClass((byte)0, (byte)0, (byte)0, 0));
+        }
+
+        long objectArraySize = WHITE_BOX.getObjectSize(objectArray);
+        System.out.println("Empty object array size: " + objectArraySize);
+        objectArraySize += (arrayLength *
+                (WHITE_BOX.getObjectSize(objectArray[0]) +
+                        WHITE_BOX.getObjectSize(objectArray[0].getDate()) +
+                        WHITE_BOX.getObjectSize(objectArray[0].getTime())));
+
+        LocalDateTimeValue[] flatArray = new LocalDateTimeValue[arrayLength];
+        // CMH: add "isFlatValueArray" to WhiteBox API, to ensure we are correctly account size
+
+        long flatArraySize = WHITE_BOX.getObjectSize(flatArray);
+        System.out.println("Object array and elements: " + objectArraySize + " versus Flat Array: " + flatArraySize);
+        Asserts.assertLessThan(flatArraySize, objectArraySize, "Flat array accounts for more heap than object array + elements !");
+    }
+
+    private static void assertFlat(String name, Object[] value, boolean shouldBeFlat) {
+        String expectation = shouldBeFlat ? "be flat" : "not be flat";
+        Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(value), shouldBeFlat,
+                "%s array should %s".formatted(name, expectation));
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyByte  { byte  v = 0; }
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyShort { short v = 0; }
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyInt   { int   v = 0; }
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyLong  { long  v = 0; }
+
+    private void testPrimitiveLikeArraysAreFlattened() {
+        int[] testSizes = new int[] { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10, 257 };
+        for (int testSize : testSizes) {
+            MyByte[] mba = (MyByte[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyByte.class, testSize, new MyByte());
+            MyShort[] msa = (MyShort[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyShort.class, testSize, new MyShort());
+            MyInt[] mia = (MyInt[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyInt.class, testSize, new MyInt());
+            MyLong[] mla = (MyLong[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyLong.class, testSize, new MyLong());
+
+            assertFlat("MyByte", mba, ARRAY_FLATTENING_ON);
+            assertFlat("MyShort", msa, ARRAY_FLATTENING_ON);
+            assertFlat("MyInt", mia, ARRAY_FLATTENING_ON);
+            assertFlat("MyLong", mla, ARRAY_FLATTENING_ON);
+
+            Asserts.assertTrue(UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(mba) % 8 == 0);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(msa) % 8 == 0);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(mia) % 8 == 0);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(mla) % 8 == 0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyBB { byte b = 0; byte b2 = 0;}
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyBS { byte b = 0; short s = 0;}
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MySI { short s = 0; int i = 0;}
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MySSI { short s = 0; short s2 = 0; int i = 0;}
+
+    private void testTupleArraysAreFlattened() {
+        int[] testSizes = new int[] { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10, 257 };
+        for (int testSize : testSizes) {
+            MyBB[] mbb = (MyBB[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyBB.class, testSize, new MyBB());
+            MyBS[] mbs = (MyBS[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyBS.class, testSize, new MyBS());
+            MySI[] msi = (MySI[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MySI.class, testSize, new MySI());
+            MySSI[] mssi = (MySSI[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MySSI.class, testSize, new MySSI());
+
+            assertFlat("MyBB", mbb, ARRAY_FLATTENING_ON);
+            assertFlat("MyBS", mbs, ARRAY_FLATTENING_ON);
+            assertFlat("MySI", msi, ARRAY_FLATTENING_ON);
+            assertFlat("MySSI", mssi, ARRAY_FLATTENING_ON);
+
+            Asserts.assertTrue(UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(mbb) % 8 == 0);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(mbs) % 8 == 0);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(msi) % 8 == 0);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(UNSAFE.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(mssi) % 8 == 0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void test() {
+        ensureArraySizeWin();
+        testPrimitiveLikeArraysAreFlattened();
+        testTupleArraysAreFlattened();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        new InlineTypeDensity().test();
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeGetField.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeGetField.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0159c051063
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeGetField.java
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/*
+ * @test InlineTypeGetField
+ * @summary Inline Type get field test
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile Point.java InlineTypeGetField.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeGetField
+ */
+public class InlineTypeGetField {
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    static Point staticPoint0;
+    @NullRestricted
+    static Point staticPoint1;
+    @NullRestricted
+    Point instancePoint0;
+    @NullRestricted
+    Point instancePoint1;
+
+    static {
+        staticPoint0 = new Point(358, 406);
+        staticPoint1 = new Point(101, 2653);
+    }
+
+    InlineTypeGetField() {
+        instancePoint0 = new Point(1890, 1918);
+        instancePoint1 = new Point(91, 102);
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        InlineTypeGetField inlineTypeGetField = new InlineTypeGetField();
+        System.gc(); // check that VTs survive GC
+        inlineTypeGetField.run();
+    }
+
+    public void run() {
+        // testing initial configuration
+        checkPoint(staticPoint0, 358, 406);
+        checkPoint(staticPoint1, 101, 2653);
+        checkPoint(instancePoint0, 1890, 1918);
+        checkPoint(instancePoint1, 91, 102);
+        // swapping static fields
+        Point p = staticPoint1;
+        staticPoint1 = staticPoint0;
+        staticPoint0 = p;
+        System.gc();
+        checkPoint(staticPoint0, 101, 2653);
+        checkPoint(staticPoint1, 358, 406);
+        //swapping instance fields
+        p = instancePoint1;
+        instancePoint1 = instancePoint0;
+        instancePoint0 = p;
+        System.gc();
+        checkPoint(instancePoint0, 91, 102);
+        checkPoint(instancePoint1, 1890, 1918);
+        // instance to static
+        staticPoint0 = instancePoint0;
+        System.gc();
+        checkPoint(staticPoint0, 91, 102);
+        // static to instance
+        instancePoint1 = staticPoint1;
+        System.gc();
+        checkPoint(instancePoint1, 358, 406);
+    }
+
+    static void checkPoint(Point p , int x, int y) {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(p.x, x, "invalid x value");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(p.y, y, "invalid y value");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypesTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypesTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..af90d868243
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypesTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,529 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.lang.constant.ClassDesc;
+import java.lang.constant.MethodTypeDesc;
+import java.lang.invoke.*;
+import java.lang.ref.*;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.time.chrono.ThaiBuddhistChronology;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.*;
+
+import static jdk.test.lib.Asserts.*;
+
+import java.lang.classfile.Label;
+import java.lang.classfile.TypeKind;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import jdk.test.lib.Platform;
+
+import javax.tools.*;
+
+import test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper;
+import static test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper.classDesc;
+
+/**
+ * @test id=default
+ * @summary Test data movement with inline types
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile InlineTypesTest.java
+ * @run main/othervm -Xmx128m -XX:+ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypesTest
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test id=force-non-tearable
+ * @summary Test data movement with inline types
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile InlineTypesTest.java
+ * @run main/othervm -Xmx128m -XX:+ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:ForceNonTearable=*
+ *                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypesTest
+ */
+
+ final class ContainerValue1 {
+    static TestValue1 staticInlineField;
+    @NullRestricted
+    TestValue1 nonStaticInlineField;
+    TestValue1[] valueArray;
+
+    ContainerValue1() {
+        nonStaticInlineField = new TestValue1();
+        super();
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class TestValue1 {
+
+    static TestValue1 staticValue = getInstance();
+
+    final int i;
+    final String name;
+
+    public TestValue1() {
+        int now =  (int)System.nanoTime();
+        i = now;
+        name = Integer.valueOf(now).toString();
+    }
+
+    public TestValue1(int i) {
+        this.i = i;
+        name = Integer.valueOf(i).toString();
+    }
+
+    public static TestValue1 getInstance() {
+        return new TestValue1();
+    }
+
+    public static TestValue1 getNonBufferedInstance() {
+        return (TestValue1) staticValue;
+    }
+
+    public boolean verify() {
+        if (name == null) return i == 0;
+        return Integer.valueOf(i).toString().compareTo(name) == 0;
+    }
+}
+
+final class ContainerValue2 {
+    static TestValue2 staticInlineField;
+    @NullRestricted
+    TestValue2 nonStaticInlineField;
+    TestValue2[] valueArray;
+
+    ContainerValue2() {
+        nonStaticInlineField = new TestValue2();
+        super();
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class TestValue2 {
+    static TestValue2 staticValue = getInstance();
+
+    final long l;
+    final double d;
+    final String s;
+
+    public TestValue2() {
+        long now = System.nanoTime();
+        l = now;
+        String stringNow = Long.valueOf(now).toString();
+        s = stringNow;
+        d = Double.parseDouble(stringNow);
+    }
+
+    public TestValue2(long l) {
+        this.l = l;
+        String txt = Long.valueOf(l).toString();
+        s = txt;
+        d = Double.parseDouble(txt);
+    }
+
+    public static TestValue2 getInstance() {
+        return new TestValue2();
+    }
+
+    public static TestValue2 getNonBufferedInstance() {
+        return (TestValue2) staticValue;
+    }
+
+    public boolean verify() {
+        if (s == null) {
+            return d == 0 && l == 0;
+        }
+        return Long.valueOf(l).toString().compareTo(s) == 0
+                && Double.parseDouble(s) == d;
+    }
+}
+
+final class ContainerValue3 {
+    static TestValue3 staticInlineField;
+    @NullRestricted
+    TestValue3 nonStaticInlineField;
+    TestValue3[] valueArray;
+
+    ContainerValue3() {
+        nonStaticInlineField = new TestValue3();
+        super();
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class TestValue3 {
+
+    static TestValue3 staticValue = getInstance();
+
+    final byte b;
+
+    public TestValue3() {
+        b = 123;
+    }
+
+    public TestValue3(byte b) {
+        this.b = b;
+    }
+
+    public static TestValue3 getInstance() {
+        return new TestValue3();
+    }
+
+    public static TestValue3 getNonBufferedInstance() {
+        return (TestValue3) staticValue;
+    }
+
+    public boolean verify() {
+        return b == 0 || b == 123;
+    }
+}
+
+final class ContainerValue4 {
+    static TestValue4 staticInlineField;
+    @NullRestricted
+    TestValue4 nonStaticInlineField;
+    TestValue4[] valueArray;
+
+    ContainerValue4() {
+        nonStaticInlineField = new TestValue4();
+        super();
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class TestValue4 {
+
+    static TestValue4 staticValue = getInstance();
+
+    final byte b1;
+    final byte b2;
+    final byte b3;
+    final byte b4;
+    final short s1;
+    final short s2;
+    final int i;
+    final long l;
+    final String val;
+
+    public TestValue4() {
+        this((int) System.nanoTime());
+    }
+
+    public TestValue4(int i) {
+        this.i = i;
+        val = Integer.valueOf(i).toString();
+        ByteBuffer bf = ByteBuffer.allocate(8);
+        bf.putInt(0, i);
+        bf.putInt(4, i);
+        l = bf.getLong(0);
+        s1 = bf.getShort(2);
+        s2 = bf.getShort(0);
+        b1 = bf.get(3);
+        b2 = bf.get(2);
+        b3 = bf.get(1);
+        b4 = bf.get(0);
+    }
+
+    public static TestValue4 getInstance() {
+        return new TestValue4();
+    }
+
+    public static TestValue4 getNonBufferedInstance() {
+        return (TestValue4) staticValue;
+    }
+
+    public boolean verify() {
+        if (val == null) {
+            return i == 0 && l == 0 && b1 == 0 && b2 == 0 && b3 == 0 && b4 == 0
+                    && s1 == 0 && s2 == 0;
+        }
+        ByteBuffer bf = ByteBuffer.allocate(8);
+        bf.putInt(0, i);
+        bf.putInt(4, i);
+        long nl =  bf.getLong(0);
+        bf.clear();
+        bf.putShort(0, s2);
+        bf.putShort(2, s1);
+        int from_s = bf.getInt(0);
+        bf.clear();
+        bf.put(0, b4);
+        bf.put(1, b3);
+        bf.put(2, b2);
+        bf.put(3, b1);
+        int from_b = bf.getInt(0);
+        return l == nl && Integer.valueOf(i).toString().compareTo(val) == 0
+                && from_s == i && from_b == i;
+    }
+}
+
+public class InlineTypesTest {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Class<?> inlineClass = runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestValue1.class;
+        Class<?> testClasses[] = {
+                runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestValue1.class,
+                runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestValue2.class,
+                runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestValue3.class,
+                runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestValue4.class
+        };
+        Class<?> containerClasses[] = {
+                runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ContainerValue1.class,
+                runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ContainerValue2.class,
+                runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ContainerValue3.class,
+                runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ContainerValue4.class
+        };
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < testClasses.length; i++) {
+            try {
+                testExecutionStackToLocalVariable(testClasses[i]);
+                testExecutionStackToFields(testClasses[i], containerClasses[i]);
+                testExecutionStackToInlineArray(testClasses[i], containerClasses[i]);
+            } catch (Throwable t) {
+                t.printStackTrace();
+                throw new RuntimeException(t);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static MethodHandles.Lookup LOOKUP = MethodHandles.lookup();
+
+    static void testExecutionStackToLocalVariable(Class<?> inlineClass) throws Throwable {
+        String sig = "()L" + inlineClass.getName().replace('.', '/') + ";";
+        final MethodTypeDesc voidReturnClass = MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor(sig);
+        final ClassDesc systemClassDesc = classDesc(System.class);
+        final ClassDesc inlineClassDesc = classDesc(inlineClass);
+        MethodHandle fromExecStackToLocalVar = InstructionHelper.buildMethodHandle(
+                LOOKUP,
+                "execStackToLocalVar",
+                MethodType.methodType(boolean.class),
+                CODE -> {
+                    CODE.invokestatic(systemClassDesc, "gc", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()V"));
+                    int n = -1;
+                    while (n < 1024) {
+                        n++;
+                        CODE
+                        .invokestatic(inlineClassDesc, "getInstance", voidReturnClass)
+                        .astore(n);
+                        n++;
+                        CODE
+                        .invokestatic(inlineClassDesc, "getNonBufferedInstance", voidReturnClass)
+                        .astore(n);
+                    }
+                    CODE.invokestatic(systemClassDesc, "gc", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()V"));
+                    Label endLabel = CODE.newLabel();
+                    while (n > 0) {
+                        CODE
+                        .aload(n)
+                        .invokevirtual(inlineClassDesc, "verify", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()Z"))
+                        .iconst_1()
+                        .if_icmpne(endLabel);
+                        n--;
+                    }
+                    CODE
+                    .iconst_1()
+                    .return_(TypeKind.BOOLEAN)
+                    .labelBinding(endLabel)
+                    .iconst_0()
+                    .return_(TypeKind.BOOLEAN);
+                });
+        boolean result = (boolean) fromExecStackToLocalVar.invokeExact();
+        System.out.println(result);
+        assertTrue(result, "Invariant");
+    }
+
+    static void testExecutionStackToFields(Class<?> inlineClass, Class<?> containerClass) throws Throwable {
+        final int ITERATIONS = Platform.isDebugBuild() ? 3 : 512;
+        String sig = "()L" + inlineClass.getName().replace('.', '/') + ";";
+        final MethodTypeDesc voidReturnClass = MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor(sig);
+        final ClassDesc systemClassDesc = classDesc(System.class);
+        final ClassDesc inlineClassDesc = classDesc(inlineClass);
+        final ClassDesc containerClassDesc = classDesc(containerClass);
+
+        MethodHandle fromExecStackToFields = InstructionHelper.buildMethodHandle(
+                LOOKUP,
+                "execStackToFields",
+                MethodType.methodType(boolean.class),
+                CODE -> {
+                    Label loop = CODE.newLabel();
+                    Label end = CODE.newLabel();
+                    Label failed = CODE.newLabel();
+                    CODE
+                    .invokestatic(systemClassDesc, "gc", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()V"), false)
+                    .new_(containerClassDesc)
+                    .dup()
+                    .invokespecial(containerClassDesc, "<init>", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()V"))
+                    .astore(1)
+                    .iconst_m1()
+                    .istore(2)
+                    .labelBinding(loop)
+                    .iload(2)
+                    .ldc(ITERATIONS)
+                    .if_icmpeq(end)
+                    .aload(1)
+                    .invokestatic(inlineClassDesc, "getInstance", voidReturnClass)
+                    .putfield(containerClassDesc, "nonStaticInlineField", inlineClassDesc)
+                    .invokestatic(systemClassDesc, "gc", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()V"))
+                    .aload(1)
+                    .getfield(containerClassDesc, "nonStaticInlineField", inlineClassDesc)
+                    .invokevirtual(inlineClassDesc, "verify", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()Z"))
+                    .iconst_1()
+                    .if_icmpne(failed)
+                    .aload(1)
+                    .invokestatic(inlineClassDesc, "getNonBufferedInstance", voidReturnClass)
+                    .putfield(containerClassDesc, "nonStaticInlineField", inlineClassDesc)
+                    .invokestatic(systemClassDesc, "gc", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()V"))
+                    .aload(1)
+                    .getfield(containerClassDesc, "nonStaticInlineField", inlineClassDesc)
+                    .invokevirtual(inlineClassDesc, "verify", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()Z"))
+                    .iconst_1()
+                    .if_icmpne(failed)
+                    .invokestatic(inlineClassDesc, "getInstance", voidReturnClass)
+                    .putstatic(containerClassDesc, "staticInlineField", inlineClassDesc)
+                    .invokestatic(systemClassDesc, "gc", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()V"))
+                    .getstatic(containerClassDesc, "staticInlineField", inlineClassDesc)
+                    .checkcast(inlineClassDesc)
+                    .invokevirtual(inlineClassDesc, "verify", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()Z"))
+                    .iconst_1()
+                    .if_icmpne(failed)
+                    .invokestatic(inlineClassDesc, "getNonBufferedInstance", voidReturnClass)
+                    .putstatic(containerClassDesc, "staticInlineField", inlineClassDesc)
+                    .invokestatic(systemClassDesc, "gc", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()V"))
+                    .getstatic(containerClassDesc, "staticInlineField", inlineClassDesc)
+                    .checkcast(inlineClassDesc)
+                    .invokevirtual(inlineClassDesc, "verify", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()Z"))
+                    .iconst_1()
+                    .if_icmpne(failed)
+                    .iinc(2, 1)
+                    .goto_(loop)
+                    .labelBinding(end)
+                    .iconst_1()
+                    .return_(TypeKind.BOOLEAN)
+                    .labelBinding(failed)
+                    .iconst_0()
+                    .return_(TypeKind.BOOLEAN);
+                });
+        boolean result = (boolean) fromExecStackToFields.invokeExact();
+        System.out.println(result);
+        assertTrue(result, "Invariant");
+    }
+
+    static void testExecutionStackToInlineArray(Class<?> inlineClass, Class<?> containerClass) throws Throwable {
+        final int ITERATIONS = Platform.isDebugBuild() ? 3 : 100;
+        String sig = "()L" + inlineClass.getName().replace('.', '/') + ";";
+        final MethodTypeDesc voidReturnClass = MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor(sig);
+        final ClassDesc systemClassDesc = classDesc(System.class);
+        final ClassDesc inlineClassDesc = classDesc(inlineClass);
+        final ClassDesc containerClassDesc = classDesc(containerClass);
+
+        MethodHandle fromExecStackToInlineArray = InstructionHelper.buildMethodHandle(
+                LOOKUP,
+                "execStackToInlineArray",
+                MethodType.methodType(boolean.class),
+                CODE -> {
+                    Label loop1 = CODE.newLabel();
+                    Label loop2 = CODE.newLabel();
+                    Label end1 = CODE.newLabel();
+                    Label end2 = CODE.newLabel();
+                    Label failed = CODE.newLabel();
+                    CODE
+                    .invokestatic(systemClassDesc, "gc", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()V"))
+                    .new_(containerClassDesc)
+                    .dup()
+                    .invokespecial(containerClassDesc, "<init>", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()V"))
+                    .astore(1)
+                    .ldc(ITERATIONS * 3)
+                    .anewarray(inlineClassDesc)
+                    .astore(2)
+                    .aload(2)
+                    .aload(1)
+                    .swap()
+                    .putfield(containerClassDesc, "valueArray", inlineClassDesc.arrayType())
+                    .iconst_0()
+                    .istore(3)
+                    .labelBinding(loop1)
+                    .iload(3)
+                    .ldc(ITERATIONS *3)
+                    .if_icmpge(end1)
+                    .aload(2)
+                    .iload(3)
+                    .invokestatic(inlineClassDesc, "getInstance", voidReturnClass)
+                    .aastore()
+                    .iinc(3, 1)
+                    .aload(2)
+                    .iload(3)
+                    .invokestatic(inlineClassDesc, "getNonBufferedInstance", voidReturnClass)
+                    .aastore()
+                    .iinc(3, 1)
+                    .aload(2)
+                    .iload(3)
+                    .new_(inlineClassDesc)
+                    .dup()
+                    .invokespecial(inlineClassDesc, "<init>", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()V"))
+                    .aastore()
+                    .iinc(3, 1)
+                    .goto_(loop1)
+                    .labelBinding(end1)
+                    .invokestatic(systemClassDesc, "gc", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()V"))
+                    .iconst_0()
+                    .istore(3)
+                    .labelBinding(loop2)
+                    .iload(3)
+                    .ldc(ITERATIONS * 3)
+                    .if_icmpge(end2)
+                    .aload(2)
+                    .iload(3)
+                    .aaload()
+                    .invokevirtual(inlineClassDesc, "verify", MethodTypeDesc.ofDescriptor("()Z"))
+                    .iconst_1()
+                    .if_icmpne(failed)
+                    .iinc(3, 1)
+                    .goto_(loop2)
+                    .labelBinding(end2)
+                    .iconst_1()
+                    .return_(TypeKind.BOOLEAN)
+                    .labelBinding(failed)
+                    .iconst_0()
+                    .return_(TypeKind.BOOLEAN);
+                });
+        boolean result = (boolean) fromExecStackToInlineArray.invokeExact();
+        System.out.println(result);
+        assertTrue(result, "Invariant");
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineWithJni.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineWithJni.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f01f8b95c06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineWithJni.java
@@ -0,0 +1,368 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+/* @test
+ * @summary test JNI functions with instances of value classes
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm/native --enable-native-access=ALL-UNNAMED -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineWithJni
+ */
+
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public value class InlineWithJni {
+
+    static int returnValue = 999;
+    static final int JNI_ERR = -1;  // from jni.h
+
+    static {
+        System.loadLibrary("InlineWithJni");
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        testJniMonitorOps();
+        testJniFieldAccess();
+        testJniArrayAccess();
+    }
+
+    final int x;
+
+    public InlineWithJni(int x) {
+        this.x = x;
+    }
+
+    public native void doJniMonitorEnter();
+    public native void doJniMonitorExit();
+
+    public static void testJniMonitorOps() {
+        boolean sawIe = false;
+        boolean sawImse = false;
+        try {
+            new InlineWithJni(0).doJniMonitorEnter();
+        } catch (IdentityException ie) {
+            sawIe = true;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertTrue(sawIe, "Missing IdentityException");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(returnValue, JNI_ERR);
+        try {
+            new InlineWithJni(0).doJniMonitorExit();
+        } catch (IllegalMonitorStateException imse) {
+            sawImse = true;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertTrue(sawImse, "Missing IllegalMonitorStateException");
+    }
+
+    public static native Object readInstanceField(Object obj, String name, String signature);
+    public static native void writeInstanceField(Object obj, String name, String signature, Object value);
+
+    public static native Object readArrayElement(Object[] array, int index);
+    public static native void writeArrayElement(Object[] array, int index, Object value);
+
+
+    static value class SmallValue {
+        byte b;
+        SmallValue() { b = 1; }
+        SmallValue(byte b0) { b = b0; }
+        static public SmallValue getValueA() { return new SmallValue((byte)42); }
+        static public SmallValue getValueB() { return new SmallValue((byte)111); }
+    }
+
+    static value class MediumValue {
+        int i0;
+        int i1;
+        MediumValue() {
+            i0 = 2;
+            i1 = 3;
+        }
+        MediumValue(int ia, int ib) {
+            i0 = ia;
+            i1 = ib;
+        }
+        static public MediumValue getValueA() { return new MediumValue(23, 64); }
+        static public MediumValue getValueB() { return new MediumValue(-51, -1023); }
+    }
+
+    static value class BigValue {
+        long l0;
+        long l1;
+        long l2;
+        BigValue() {
+            l0 = 4L;
+            l1 = 5L;
+            l2 = 6L;
+        }
+        BigValue(long la, long lb, long lc) {
+            l0 = la;
+            l1 = lb;
+            l2 = lc;
+        }
+        static public BigValue getValueA() { return new BigValue(0L, 65525L, Long.MIN_VALUE); }
+        static public BigValue getValueB() { return new BigValue(Long.MIN_VALUE, 32000L, 0L); }
+    }
+
+    static value class ValueWithOop {
+        String s;
+        byte b;
+        ValueWithOop() {
+            s = "Hello Duke!";
+            b = (byte)7;
+        }
+        ValueWithOop(String s0, byte b0) {
+            s = s0;
+            b = b0;
+        }
+        static public ValueWithOop getValueA() { return new ValueWithOop("Bretagne", (byte)123); }
+        static public ValueWithOop getValueB() { return new ValueWithOop("Alsace", (byte)-31); }
+    }
+
+    // Container with nullable fields (potentially flattened)
+    static class Container0 {
+        SmallValue sv = new SmallValue();
+        MediumValue mv = new MediumValue();
+        BigValue bv = new BigValue();
+        ValueWithOop vwo = new ValueWithOop();
+    }
+
+    // Container with null-restricted fields (potentially flattened)
+    static class Container1 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        SmallValue sv;
+        @NullRestricted
+        MediumValue mv;
+        @NullRestricted
+        BigValue bv;
+        @NullRestricted
+        ValueWithOop vwo;
+
+        Container1() {
+            sv = new SmallValue();
+            mv = new MediumValue();
+            bv = new BigValue();
+            vwo = new ValueWithOop();
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static String getFieldSignature(Class c, String name) {
+        try {
+            return "L"+c.getDeclaredField(name).getType().getName().replaceAll("\\.", "/")+";";
+        } catch(NoSuchFieldException e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testJniFieldAccessHelper(Object c, boolean nullRestriction) {
+
+        String smallSignature = getFieldSignature(c.getClass(), "sv");
+        String mediumSignature = getFieldSignature(c.getClass(), "mv");
+        String bigSignature = getFieldSignature(c.getClass(), "bv");
+        String withOopSignature = getFieldSignature(c.getClass(), "vwo");
+
+
+        // Reading nullable value fields
+        SmallValue sv = (SmallValue)readInstanceField(c, "sv", smallSignature);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(sv, new SmallValue());
+        Asserts.assertTrue(sv.b == 1);
+        MediumValue mv = (MediumValue)readInstanceField(c, "mv", mediumSignature);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(mv, new MediumValue());
+        Asserts.assertTrue(mv.i0 == 2);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(mv.i1 == 3);
+        BigValue bv = (BigValue)readInstanceField(c, "bv", bigSignature);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(bv, new BigValue());
+        Asserts.assertTrue(bv.l0 == 4);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(bv.l1 == 5);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(bv.l2 == 6);
+        ValueWithOop vwo = (ValueWithOop)readInstanceField(c, "vwo", withOopSignature);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(vwo, new ValueWithOop());
+        Asserts.assertTrue(vwo.s.equals("Hello Duke!"));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(vwo.b == 7);
+
+
+        // Writing non-null value to nullable field
+        SmallValue nsv = new SmallValue((byte)8);
+        writeInstanceField(c, "sv", smallSignature, nsv);
+        sv = (SmallValue)readInstanceField(c, "sv", smallSignature);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(sv == nsv);
+        MediumValue nmv = new MediumValue(9, 10);
+        writeInstanceField(c, "mv", mediumSignature, nmv);
+        mv = (MediumValue)readInstanceField(c, "mv", mediumSignature);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(mv == nmv);
+        BigValue nbv = new BigValue(11L, 12L, 13L);
+        writeInstanceField(c, "bv", bigSignature, nbv);
+        bv = (BigValue)readInstanceField(c, "bv", bigSignature);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(bv == nbv);
+        ValueWithOop nvwo = new ValueWithOop("Bye Duke!", (byte)14);
+        writeInstanceField(c, "vwo", withOopSignature, nvwo);
+        vwo = (ValueWithOop)readInstanceField(c, "vwo", withOopSignature);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(vwo == nvwo);
+
+
+        // Writing null to nullable field
+        Exception ex = null;
+        try {
+            writeInstanceField(c, "sv", smallSignature, null);
+            sv = (SmallValue)readInstanceField(c, "sv", smallSignature);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(sv == null);
+        } catch(NullPointerException npe) {
+            ex = npe;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertTrue((nullRestriction && ex != null) || (!nullRestriction && ex == null));
+        ex = null;
+        try {
+            writeInstanceField(c, "mv", mediumSignature, null);
+            mv = (MediumValue)readInstanceField(c, "mv", mediumSignature);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(mv == null);
+         } catch(NullPointerException npe) {
+            ex = npe;
+        }
+        System.out.println(ex + " / " + nullRestriction);
+        Asserts.assertTrue((nullRestriction && ex != null) || (!nullRestriction && ex == null));
+        ex = null;
+        try {
+            writeInstanceField(c, "bv", bigSignature, null);
+            bv = (BigValue)readInstanceField(c, "bv", bigSignature);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(bv == null);
+        } catch(NullPointerException npe) {
+            ex = npe;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertTrue((nullRestriction && ex != null) || (!nullRestriction && ex == null));
+        ex = null;
+        try {
+            writeInstanceField(c, "vwo", withOopSignature, null);
+            vwo = (ValueWithOop)readInstanceField(c, "vwo", withOopSignature);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(vwo == null);
+        } catch(NullPointerException npe) {
+            ex = npe;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertTrue((nullRestriction && ex != null) || (!nullRestriction && ex == null));
+    }
+
+    static void testJniFieldAccess() {
+        // Reading nullable field
+        try {
+            Container0 c0 = new Container0();
+            testJniFieldAccessHelper(c0, false);
+            Container1 c1 = new Container1();
+            testJniFieldAccessHelper(c1, true);
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            t.printStackTrace();
+            throw new RuntimeException(t);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testJniArrayAccessHelper(Object[] array, boolean nullRestriction) {
+        Object valueA = getValueA(array.getClass().getComponentType());
+        Object valueB = getValueB(array.getClass().getComponentType());
+        int length = array.length;
+
+        // Reading elements
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+            Object element = readArrayElement(array, i);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(element == valueA);
+        }
+
+        // Writing elements
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+            writeArrayElement(array, i, valueB);
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+            Object element = readArrayElement(array, i);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(element == valueB);
+        }
+
+        // Writing null
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+            Exception ex = null;
+            try {
+                writeArrayElement(array, i, null);
+                Object element = readArrayElement(array, i);
+                Asserts.assertTrue(element == null);
+            } catch(NullPointerException npe) {
+                ex = npe;
+            }
+            Asserts.assertTrue((nullRestriction && ex != null) || (!nullRestriction && ex == null));
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object getValueA(Class c) {
+        try {
+            Method mA = c.getMethod("getValueA");
+            return mA.invoke(null);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object getValueB(Class c) {
+        try {
+            Method mB = c.getMethod("getValueB");
+            return mB.invoke(null);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void fillArrayWithValueA(Object[] array) {
+        Object valueA = getValueA(array.getClass().getComponentType());
+        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
+            array[i] = valueA;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testJniArrayAccessHelper2(Class c) {
+
+        Object[] array0 = (Object[])Array.newInstance(c, 10);
+        fillArrayWithValueA(array0);
+        testJniArrayAccessHelper(array0, false);
+
+        Object[] array1 = ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(c, 31);
+        fillArrayWithValueA(array1);
+        testJniArrayAccessHelper(array1, false);
+
+        Object[] array2 = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(c, 127, getValueA(c));
+        fillArrayWithValueA(array2);
+        testJniArrayAccessHelper(array2, true);
+    }
+
+    static void testJniArrayAccess() {
+        testJniArrayAccessHelper2(SmallValue.class);
+        testJniArrayAccessHelper2(MediumValue.class);
+        testJniArrayAccessHelper2(BigValue.class);
+        testJniArrayAccessHelper2(ValueWithOop.class);
+
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/JumboInline.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/JumboInline.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b4cdeec30d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/JumboInline.java
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+public value class JumboInline {
+    final long l0;
+    final long l1;
+    final long l2;
+    final long l3;
+    final long l4;
+    final long l5;
+    final long l6;
+    final long l7;
+    final long l8;
+    final long l9;
+    final long l10;
+    final long l11;
+    final long l12;
+    final long l13;
+    final long l14;
+    final long l15;
+    final long l16;
+    final long l17;
+    final long l18;
+    final long l19;
+
+    public JumboInline(long l0Val, long l1Val) {
+        l0 = l0Val;
+        l1 = l1Val;
+        l2 = l0Val+1;
+        l3 = l1Val+2;
+        l4 = l0Val+3;
+        l5 = l1Val+4;
+        l6 = l0Val+5;
+        l7 = l1Val+6;
+        l8 = l0Val+7;
+        l9 = l1Val+8;
+        l10 = l0Val+9;
+        l11 = l1Val+10;
+        l12 = l0Val+11;
+        l13 = l1Val+12;
+        l14 = l0Val+13;
+        l15 = l1Val+14;
+        l16 = l0Val+15;
+        l17 = l1Val+16;
+        l18 = l0Val+17;
+        l19 = l1Val+18;
+    }
+
+    public boolean verify() {
+        return (l2 == (l0 + 1)  &&  l3 == (l1 + 2) && l4 == (l0 + 3)
+            && l5 == (l1 + 4) && l6 == (l0 + 5) && l7 == (l1 + 6) && l8 == (l0 + 7)
+            && l9 == (l1 + 8) && l10 == (l0 + 9) && l11 == (l1 + 10)
+            && l12 == (l0 + 11) && l13 == (l1 + 12) && l14 == (l1 + 13)
+            && l15 == (l1 + 14) && l16 == (l0 + l15) && l17 == (l1 + 16)
+            && l18 == (l0 + 17) && l19 == (l1 + 18));
+    }
+
+    public boolean equals(Object o) {
+        if(o instanceof JumboInline) {
+            JumboInline j = (JumboInline)o;
+            return (l0 == j.l0 && l1 == j.l1 && l2 == j.l2 && l3 == j.l3
+                    && l4 == j.l4 && l5 == j.l5 && l6 == j.l6 && l7 == j.l7
+                    && l8 == j.l8 && l9 == j.l9 && l10 == j.l10 && l11 == j.l11
+                    && l12 == j.l12 && l13 == j.l13 && l14 == j.l14 && l15 == j.l15
+                    && l16 == j.l16 && l17 == j.l17 && l18 == j.l18 && l19 == j.l19);
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/Long8Inline.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/Long8Inline.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..32fb5b4559d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/Long8Inline.java
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+public final value class Long8Inline {
+
+    final long longField1;
+    final long longField2;
+    final long longField3;
+    final long longField4;
+    final long longField5;
+    final long longField6;
+    final long longField7;
+    final long longField8;
+
+    public Long8Inline() {
+        this(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+    }
+
+    public Long8Inline(long l1, long l2, long l3, long l4, long l5, long l6, long l7, long l8) {
+        longField1 = l1;
+        longField2 = l2;
+        longField3 = l3;
+        longField4 = l4;
+        longField5 = l5;
+        longField6 = l6;
+        longField7 = l7;
+        longField8 = l8;
+    }
+
+    public long getLongField1() { return longField1; }
+    public long getLongField2() { return longField2; }
+    public long getLongField3() { return longField3; }
+    public long getLongField4() { return longField4; }
+    public long getLongField5() { return longField5; }
+    public long getLongField6() { return longField6; }
+    public long getLongField7() { return longField7; }
+    public long getLongField8() { return longField8; }
+
+    static void check(Long8Inline value,
+            long long1,
+            long long2,
+            long long3,
+            long long4,
+            long long5,
+            long long6,
+            long long7,
+            long long8) {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(value.getLongField1(), long1, "Field 1 incorrect");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(value.getLongField2(), long2, "Field 2 incorrect");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(value.getLongField3(), long3, "Field 3 incorrect");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(value.getLongField4(), long4, "Field 4 incorrect");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(value.getLongField5(), long5, "Field 5 incorrect");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(value.getLongField6(), long6, "Field 6 incorrect");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(value.getLongField7(), long7, "Field 7 incorrect");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(value.getLongField8(), long8, "Field 8 incorrect");
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/MonitorEnterTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/MonitorEnterTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..342f3add768
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/MonitorEnterTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+* Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+*
+* This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+* under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+* published by the Free Software Foundation.
+*
+* This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+* version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+* accompanied this code).
+*
+* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+* 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+* Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+*
+* Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+* or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+* questions.
+*/
+
+/**
+* @test MonitorEnterTest
+* @library /test/lib
+* @enablePreview
+* @compile MonitorEnterTest.java
+* @run main/othervm/native -Xcheck:jni runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.MonitorEnterTest
+*/
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class MonitorEnterTest {
+
+    static {
+        System.loadLibrary("MonitorEnterTest");
+    }
+
+    native static void JNIMonitorEnter(Object o);
+    native static void JNIMonitorExit(Object o);
+
+    static void monitorEnter(Object o, boolean expectSuccess, String message) {
+        try {
+            synchronized(o) {
+                Asserts.assertTrue(expectSuccess, "MonitorEnter should not have succeeded on an instance of " + o.getClass().getName());
+            }
+        } catch (IdentityException e) {
+            Asserts.assertFalse(expectSuccess, "Unexpected IdentityException with an instance of " + o.getClass().getName());
+            if (message != null) {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(e.getMessage(), message, "Exception message mismatch");
+            }
+        }
+
+        try {
+            JNIMonitorEnter(o);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(expectSuccess, "JNI MonitorEnter should not have succeeded on an instance of " + o.getClass().getName());
+        } catch (IdentityException e) {
+            Asserts.assertFalse(expectSuccess, "Unexpected IdentityException with an instance of " + o.getClass().getName());
+            if (message != null) {
+                Asserts.assertEQ(e.getMessage(), message, "Exception message mismatch");
+            }
+        }
+
+        try {
+            JNIMonitorExit(o);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(expectSuccess, "JNI MonitorExit should not have succeeded on an instance of " + o.getClass().getName());
+        } catch (IllegalMonitorStateException e) {
+            Asserts.assertFalse(expectSuccess, "Unexpected IllegalMonitorStateException with an instance of " + o.getClass().getName());
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue { }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // Attempts to lock the instance are repeated many time to ensure that the different paths
+        // are used: interpreter, C1, and C2 (which deopt to the interpreter in this case)
+        for (int i = 0; i <  20000; i++) {
+            monitorEnter(new Object(), true, "");
+            monitorEnter(new String(), true, "");
+            monitorEnter(new MyValue(), false, "Cannot synchronize on an instance of value class runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.MonitorEnterTest$MyValue");
+            monitorEnter(Integer.valueOf(42), false, "Cannot synchronize on an instance of value class java.lang.Integer");
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/NullRestrictedArrayTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/NullRestrictedArrayTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7ba6c65bbd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/NullRestrictedArrayTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test of VM.newNullRestrictedArray API
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseArrayFlattening runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.NullRestrictedArrayTest
+ */
+
+public class NullRestrictedArrayTest {
+
+  private static final Unsafe UNSAFE = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
+
+
+  public static void main(String[] args) {
+      NullRestrictedArrayTest tests = new NullRestrictedArrayTest();
+      Class c = tests.getClass();
+      for (Method m : c.getDeclaredMethods()) {
+        if (m.getName().startsWith("test_")) {
+          try {
+            System.out.println("Running " + m.getName());
+            m.invoke(tests);
+          } catch (Throwable t) {
+            t.printStackTrace();
+            throw new RuntimeException(t);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+  }
+
+  // Test illegal attempt to create a null restricted array with an identity class
+  public void test_0() {
+      Throwable exception = null;
+      try {
+        ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(String.class, 4, new String());
+      } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+        System.out.println("Received: " + e);
+        exception = e;
+      }
+      Asserts.assertNotNull(exception, "Expected IllegalArgumentException not received");
+  }
+
+  // Test illegal array length
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class ValueClass1 {
+    int i = 0;
+    int j = 0;
+  }
+
+  public void test_1() {
+      Throwable exception = null;
+      try {
+        ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueClass1.class, -1, new ValueClass1());
+      } catch (NegativeArraySizeException e) {
+        System.out.println("Received: " + e);
+        exception = e;
+      }
+      Asserts.assertNotNull(exception, "Expected NegativeArraySizeException not received");
+  }
+
+  // Test valid creation of a flat array
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class ValueClass3 {
+    int i = 0;
+    int j = 0;
+  }
+
+  public void test_3() {
+      Throwable exception = null;
+      try {
+        Object[] array = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueClass3.class, 8, new ValueClass3());
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array), "Expecting flat array but array is not flat");
+      } catch (Throwable e) {
+        System.out.println("Received: " + e);
+        exception = e;
+      }
+      Asserts.assertNull(exception, "Unexpected exception: " + exception);
+  }
+
+  // Test that elements are not null
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class ValueClass4 {
+    int i = 0;
+    int j = 0;
+  }
+
+  public void test_4() {
+      Throwable exception = null;
+      try {
+        Object[] array = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueClass4.class, 8, new ValueClass4());
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(array[1], "Expecting non null element but null found instead");
+      } catch (Throwable e) {
+        System.out.println("Received: " + e);
+        exception = e;
+      }
+      Asserts.assertNull(exception, "Unexpected exception: " + exception);
+  }
+
+  // Test that writing null to a null restricted array throws an exception
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class ValueClass5 {
+    int i = 0;
+    int j = 0;
+  }
+
+  public void test_5() {
+      Throwable exception = null;
+      try {
+        Object[] array = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueClass5.class, 8, new ValueClass5());
+        array[1] = null;
+      } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+        System.out.println("Received: " + e);
+        exception = e;
+      }
+      Asserts.assertNotNull(exception, "Expected NullPointerException not received");
+  }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/NullableFlatFieldTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/NullableFlatFieldTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ee50fe02175
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/NullableFlatFieldTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,298 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+ /*
+ * @test NullableFlatFieldTest
+ * @requires vm.debug == true
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+PrintInlineLayout runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.NullableFlatFieldTest
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class NullableFlatFieldTest {
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class Value0 {
+    long l;
+    int i;
+    short s;
+    byte b;
+
+    Value0() {
+      l = 0;
+      i = 0;
+      s = 0;
+      b = 0;
+    }
+
+    Value0(long l0, int i0, short s0, byte b0) {
+      l = l0;
+      i = i0;
+      s = s0;
+      b = b0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  static class Container0 {
+    Value0 val;
+    long l;
+    int i;
+  }
+
+  // Container0 had a external null marker located just between two Java fields,
+  // and test0 checks that updating the null marker doesn't corrupt
+  // the surrounding fields and vice-versa.
+  static void test0() {
+    Container0 c = new Container0();
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.val);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(c.l, 0L);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(c.i, 0);
+    c.l = -1L;
+    c.i = -1;
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.val);
+    Value0 v = new Value0(-1L, -1, (short)-1, (byte)-1);
+    c.val = v;
+    Asserts.assertEquals(c.l, -1L);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(c.i, -1);
+    Value0 vr = c.val;
+    Asserts.assertEquals(vr.l, -1L);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(vr.i, -1);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(vr.s, (short)-1);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(vr.b, (byte)-1);
+    c.val = null;
+    Asserts.assertEquals(c.l, -1L);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(c.i, -1);
+  }
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class Value1a {
+    long l;
+    short s;
+    byte b;
+
+    Value1a() {
+      l = 0;
+      s = 0;
+      b = 0;
+    }
+
+    Value1a(long l0, short s0, byte b0) {
+      l = l0;
+      s = s0;
+      b = b0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class Value1b {
+    @NullRestricted
+    Value1a vala;
+    long l;
+    int i;
+
+    Value1b() {
+      vala = new Value1a();
+      l = 1L;
+      i = 1;
+    }
+
+    Value1b(Value1a v0, long l0, int i0) {
+      vala = v0;
+      l = l0;
+      i = i0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  static class Container1 {
+    Value1b valb;
+  }
+
+  // Container1 has a nullable flat field with an internal null marker,
+  // test1 checks that updating the null marker doesn't corrupt the
+  // flat field's values
+  static void test1() {
+    Container1 c = new Container1();
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb);
+    Value1a va = new Value1a(-1L, (short)-1, (byte)-1);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(va.l, -1L);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(va.s, (short)-1);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(va.b, (byte)-1);
+    Value1b vb = new Value1b(va, -1L, -1);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(vb.vala);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(vb.vala.l, -1L);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(vb.vala.s, (short)-1);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(vb.vala.b, (byte)-1);
+    c.valb = vb;
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(c.valb, vb);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(c.valb.vala, va);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(c.valb.l, -1L);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(c.valb.i, -1);
+    c.valb = null;
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb);
+  }
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class Value2a {
+    long l;
+    int i;
+    byte b;
+    Value2a() {
+      l = 0;
+      i = 0;
+      b = 0;
+    }
+    Value2a(long l0, int i0, byte b0) {
+      l = l0;
+      i = i0;
+      b = b0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class Value2b {
+    long l;
+    Value2b() {
+      l = 0;
+    }
+    Value2b(long l0) {
+      l = l0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  static class Container2 {
+    Value2a vala;
+    Value2b valb0;
+    Value2b valb1;
+    int i;
+  }
+
+  // Container2 has 3 contiguous null markers,
+  // test2 checks that updating a null marker doesn't affect the other markers
+  public static void test2() {
+    Container2 c = new Container2();
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb1);
+    Value2a va = new Value2a(-1L, -1, (byte)-1);
+    c.vala = va;
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb1);
+    c.vala = null;
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb1);
+    Value2b vb = new Value2b(-1L);
+    c.valb0 = vb;
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb1);
+    c.valb0 = null;
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb1);
+    c.valb1 = vb;
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb1);
+    c.valb1 = null;
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb1);
+    c.vala = va;
+    c.valb0 = vb;
+    c.valb1 = vb;
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb1);
+    c.vala = null;
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb1);
+    c.vala = va;
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb1);
+    c.valb0 = null;
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb1);
+    c.valb0 = vb;
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb1);
+    c.valb1 = null;
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNull(c.valb1);
+    c.valb1 = vb;
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.vala);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb0);
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(c.valb1);
+  }
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class Value3 {
+    int i = 0;
+  }
+
+  static class Container3 {
+    Value3 val;
+  }
+
+  static Container3 getNullContainer3() {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  public static void test3() {
+    NullPointerException npe = null;
+    Container3 c = getNullContainer3();
+    try {
+      Value3 v = c.val;
+    } catch(NullPointerException e) {
+      npe = e;
+    }
+    Asserts.assertNotNull(npe);
+  }
+
+  public static void main(String[] args) {
+    // All tests are run twice to exercise both the unresolved bytecodes and the rewritten ones
+    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+      System.out.println("Pass " + i);
+      test0();
+      test1();
+      test2();
+      test3();
+    }
+  }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ObjectMethods.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ObjectMethods.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f55314a3160
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ObjectMethods.java
@@ -0,0 +1,285 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.invoke.*;
+
+import test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper;
+
+/*
+ * @test id=compressed-class-pointers
+ * @summary Check object methods implemented by the VM behave with value types
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile ObjectMethods.java
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UseCompressedClassPointers runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ObjectMethods
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-compressed-class-pointers
+ * @summary Check object methods implemented by the VM behave with value types
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile ObjectMethods.java
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-UseCompressedClassPointers runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ObjectMethods
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-verify
+ * @summary Check object methods implemented by the VM behave with value types
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/common
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile ObjectMethods.java
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-BytecodeVerificationLocal -XX:-BytecodeVerificationRemote runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ObjectMethods noverify
+ */
+
+public class ObjectMethods {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        testObjectMethods((args.length > 0 && args[0].equals("noverify")));
+    }
+
+    public static void testObjectMethods(boolean verifierDisabled) {
+        MyInt val = new MyInt(7);
+        MyInt sameVal = new MyInt(7);
+
+        // Exercise all the Object native/VM methods...
+
+        if (verifierDisabled) { // Just noverifier...
+            checkMonitorExit(val);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // getClass()
+        checkGetClass(val, MyInt.class);
+
+        //hashCode()/identityHashCode()
+        checkHashCodes(val, sameVal.hashCode());
+
+        // clone() - test the default implementation from j.l.Object
+        checkNotCloneable(val);
+        checkCloneable(new MyCloneableInt(78));
+
+        // synchronized
+        checkSynchronized(val);
+
+        // wait/notify()
+        checkWait(val);
+        checkNotify(val);
+
+        System.gc();
+    }
+
+
+    static void checkGetClass(Object val, Class<?> expectedClass) {
+        Class<?> clazz = val.getClass();
+        if (clazz == null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("getClass return null");
+        } else if (clazz != expectedClass) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("getClass (" + clazz + ") doesn't match " + expectedClass);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Just check we don't crash the VM
+    static void checkHashCodes(Object val, int expectedHashCode) {
+        int hash = val.hashCode();
+        if (hash != expectedHashCode) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Hash code mismatch value: " + hash +
+                                       " expected: " + expectedHashCode);
+        }
+        hash = System.identityHashCode(val);
+        if (hash != expectedHashCode) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Identity hash code mismatch value: " + hash +
+                                       " expected: " + expectedHashCode);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void checkNotCloneable(MyInt val) {
+        boolean sawCnse = false;
+        try {
+            val.attemptClone();
+        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException cnse) {
+            sawCnse = true;
+        }
+        if (!sawCnse) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("clone() did not fail");
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void checkCloneable(MyCloneableInt val) {
+        boolean sawCnse = false;
+        MyCloneableInt val2 = null;
+        try {
+            val2 = (MyCloneableInt)val.attemptClone();
+        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException cnse) {
+            sawCnse = true;
+        }
+        if (sawCnse) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("clone() did fail");
+        }
+        if (val != val2) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Cloned value is not identical to the original");
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void checkSynchronized(Object val) {
+        boolean sawIe = false;
+        try {
+            synchronized (val) {
+                throw new IdentityException("Unreachable code, reached");
+            }
+        } catch (IdentityException ie) {
+            sawIe = true;
+        }
+        if (!sawIe) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("monitorenter did not fail");
+        }
+        // synchronized method modifiers tested by "BadInlineTypes" CFP tests
+        // jni monitor ops tested by "InlineWithJni"
+    }
+
+    // Check we haven't broken the mismatched monitor block check...
+    static void checkMonitorExit(Object val) {
+        boolean sawIe = false;
+        try {
+            InstructionHelper.buildMethodHandle(MethodHandles.lookup(),
+                                                "mismatchedMonitorExit",
+                                                MethodType.methodType(Void.TYPE, Object.class),
+                                                CODE-> {
+                                                    CODE
+                                                    .aload(0)
+                                                    .monitorexit();
+                                                    CODE.return_();
+                                                }).invokeExact(val);
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Unreachable code, reached");
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            if (t instanceof IllegalMonitorStateException) {
+                sawIe = true;
+            } else {
+                throw new RuntimeException(t);
+            }
+        }
+        if (!sawIe) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("monitorexit did not fail");
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void checkWait(Object val) {
+        boolean sawImse = false;
+        try {
+            val.wait();
+        } catch (IllegalMonitorStateException imse) {
+            sawImse = true;
+        } catch (InterruptedException intExc) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(intExc);
+        }
+        if (!sawImse) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("wait() did not fail");
+        }
+
+        sawImse = false;
+        try {
+            val.wait(1l);
+        } catch (IllegalMonitorStateException imse) {
+            sawImse = true;
+        } catch (InterruptedException intExc) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(intExc);
+        }
+        if (!sawImse) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("wait() did not fail");
+        }
+
+        sawImse = false;
+        try {
+            val.wait(0l, 100);
+        } catch (IllegalMonitorStateException imse) {
+            sawImse = true;
+        } catch (InterruptedException intExc) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(intExc);
+        }
+        if (!sawImse) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("wait() did not fail");
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void checkNotify(Object val) {
+        boolean sawImse = false;
+        try {
+            val.notify();
+        } catch (IllegalMonitorStateException imse) {
+            sawImse = true;
+        }
+        if (!sawImse) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("notify() did not fail");
+        }
+
+        sawImse = false;
+        try {
+            val.notifyAll();
+        } catch (IllegalMonitorStateException imse) {
+            sawImse = true;
+        }
+        if (!sawImse) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("notifyAll() did not fail");
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyInt {
+        int value;
+        public MyInt(int v) { value = v; }
+        public Object attemptClone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
+            try { // Check it is not possible to clone...
+                MethodHandles.Lookup lookup = MethodHandles.lookup();
+                MethodHandle mh = lookup.findVirtual(getClass(),
+                                                     "clone",
+                                                     MethodType.methodType(Object.class));
+                return mh.invokeExact(this);
+            } catch (Throwable t) {
+                if (t instanceof CloneNotSupportedException) {
+                    throw (CloneNotSupportedException) t;
+                }
+                throw new RuntimeException(t);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyCloneableInt implements Cloneable {
+        int value;
+        public MyCloneableInt(int v) { value = v; }
+        public Object attemptClone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
+            try { // Check it is not possible to clone...
+                MethodHandles.Lookup lookup = MethodHandles.lookup();
+                MethodHandle mh = lookup.findVirtual(getClass(),
+                                                     "clone",
+                                                     MethodType.methodType(Object.class));
+                return mh.invokeExact(this);
+            } catch (Throwable t) {
+                if (t instanceof CloneNotSupportedException) {
+                    throw (CloneNotSupportedException) t;
+                }
+                throw new RuntimeException(t);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/Person.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/Person.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8c8320cab26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/Person.java
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+public value class Person {
+
+    final int    id;
+    final String firstName;
+    final String lastName;
+
+    public Person(int id, String firstName, String lastName) {
+        this.id = id;
+        this.firstName = firstName;
+        this.lastName = lastName;
+    }
+
+    public int getId() { return id; }
+    public String getFirstName() { return firstName; }
+    public String getLastName() { return lastName; }
+
+    public String toString() {
+        return getFirstName() + " " + getLastName() + " (id=" + getId() + ")";
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/Point.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/Point.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2e4d80a9741
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/Point.java
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+public value class Point {
+    final int x;
+    final int y;
+
+    public Point(int x, int y) {
+        this.x = x;
+        this.y = y;
+    }
+
+    public int getX() { return x; }
+    public int getY() { return y; }
+
+    public boolean isSamePoint(Point that) {
+        return this.getX() == that.getX() && this.getY() == that.getY();
+    }
+
+    public String toString() {
+        return "Point: x=" + getX() + " y=" + getY();
+    }
+
+    public boolean equals(Object o) {
+        if(o instanceof Point) {
+            return ((Point)o).x == x &&  ((Point)o).y == y;
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/PreloadCircularityTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/PreloadCircularityTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4943be3f484
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/PreloadCircularityTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,382 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test PreloadCircularityTest
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile PreloadCircularityTest.java
+ * @run main PreloadCircularityTest
+ */
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import javax.management.relation.RelationServiceNotRegisteredException;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+
+public class PreloadCircularityTest {
+
+    // Testing preload due to non-static fields
+
+    static value class Class0a {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Class0b vb = new Class0b();
+    }
+
+    static value class Class0b {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Class0c vc = new Class0c();
+    }
+
+    static value class Class0c {
+        int i = 0;
+    }
+
+    void test_0() throws Exception {
+        OutputAnalyzer out = tryLoadClassAndCheckNullRestricted("PreloadCircularityTest$Class0a",
+                                                                "PreloadCircularityTest$Class0b",
+                                                                "vc",
+                                                                true);
+
+        out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class0b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class0a. Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute");
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class0c during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class0b. Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute");
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class0c during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class0b (cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) succeeded");
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class0b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class0a (cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) succeeded");
+        out.shouldNotContain("the annotation is ignored");
+        out.shouldNotContain("failed");
+    }
+
+    static value class Class1a {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Class1b vb = new Class1b();
+    }
+
+    static value class Class1b {
+        Class1c vc = new Class1c();
+    }
+
+    static value class Class1c {
+        int i = 0;
+    }
+
+    void test_1() throws Exception {
+        OutputAnalyzer out = tryLoadingClass("PreloadCircularityTest$Class1a");
+        out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class1b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class1a. Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute");
+        out.shouldContain("Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class1c during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class1b. Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute");
+        out.shouldContain("Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class1c during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class1b (cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) succeeded");
+        out.shouldContain("Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class1b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class1a (cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) succeeded");
+        out.shouldNotContain("the annotation is ignored");
+        out.shouldNotContain("failed");
+    }
+
+    static value class Class2a {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Class2b vb = new Class2b();
+    }
+
+    static value class Class2b {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Class2c vc = new Class2c();
+    }
+
+    static value class Class2c {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Class2b vb = new Class2b();
+    }
+
+    void test_2() throws Exception {
+        OutputAnalyzer out = tryLoadClassAndCheckNullRestricted("PreloadCircularityTest$Class2a",
+                                                                "PreloadCircularityTest$Class2c",
+                                                                "vb",
+                                                                false);
+        out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class2b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class2a. Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute");
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class2c during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class2b. Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute");
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class2b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class2c. Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute");
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class2b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class2c (cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) failed : java/lang/ClassCircularityError");
+        out.shouldContain("[warning][class,preload] After preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class2b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class2c failed,field was annotated with @NullRestricted but class is unknown, the annotation is ignored");
+        out.shouldContain("[info   ][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class2c during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class2b (cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) succeeded");
+        out.shouldContain("[info   ][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class2b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class2a (cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) succeeded");
+    }
+
+    static value class Class3a {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Class3b vb = new Class3b();
+    }
+
+    static value class Class3b {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Class3c vc = new Class3c();
+    }
+
+    static value class Class3c {
+        Class3b vb = new Class3b();
+    }
+
+    void test_3() throws Exception {
+        OutputAnalyzer out = tryLoadingClass("PreloadCircularityTest$Class3a");
+        out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class3b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class3a. Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute");
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class3c during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class3b. Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute");
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class3b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class3c. Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute");
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class3b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class3c (cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) failed : java/lang/ClassCircularityError");
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class3c during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class3b (cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) succeeded");
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class3b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class3a (cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) succeeded");
+        out.shouldNotContain("the annotation is ignored");
+    }
+
+    static value class Class4a {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Class4b vb = new Class4b();
+    }
+
+    static value class Class4b {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Class4a va = new Class4a();
+    }
+
+    void test_4() throws Exception {
+        OutputAnalyzer out = tryLoadClassAndCheckNullRestricted("PreloadCircularityTest$Class4a",
+                                                                "PreloadCircularityTest$Class4b",
+                                                                "va",
+                                                                false);
+        out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class4b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class4a. Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute");
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class4a during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class4b. Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute");
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class4a during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class4b (cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) failed : java/lang/ClassCircularityError");
+        out.shouldContain("[warning][class,preload] After preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class4a during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class4b failed,field was annotated with @NullRestricted but class is unknown, the annotation is ignored");
+        out.shouldContain("[info   ][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class4b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class4a (cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) succeeded");
+    }
+
+    static value class Class5a {
+        Class5b vb = new Class5b();
+
+        @NullRestricted
+        Class5c vc = new Class5c();
+    }
+
+    static value class Class5b {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Class5d vd = new Class5d();
+    }
+
+    static value class Class5c {
+        Class5b vb = new Class5b();
+    }
+
+    static value class Class5d {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Class5b vb = new Class5b();
+    }
+
+    void test_5() throws Exception {
+        OutputAnalyzer out = tryLoadingClass("PreloadCircularityTest$Class5a");
+        out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class5b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class5a. Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute");
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class5d during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class5b. Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute");
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class5b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class5d. Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute");
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class5b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class5d (cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) failed : java/lang/ClassCircularityError");
+        out.shouldContain("[warning][class,preload] After preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class5b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class5d failed,field was annotated with @NullRestricted but class is unknown, the annotation is ignored");
+        out.shouldContain("[info   ][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class5d during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class5b (cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) succeeded");
+        out.shouldContain("[info   ][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class5b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class5a (cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) succeeded");
+        out.shouldContain("[info   ][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class5c during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class5a. Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute");
+        out.shouldContain("[info   ][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class5b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class5c. Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute");
+        out.shouldContain("[info   ][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class5b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class5c (cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) succeeded");
+        out.shouldContain("[info   ][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class5c during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class5a (cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) succeeded");
+    }
+
+    static value class Class6a {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Class6b vb = new Class6b();
+    }
+
+    static value class Class6b {
+        Class6c vc = new Class6c();
+
+        @NullRestricted
+        Class6d vd = new Class6d();
+    }
+
+    static value class Class6c {
+        int i = 0;
+    }
+
+    static value class Class6d {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Class6b vb = new Class6b();
+    }
+
+    void test_6() throws Exception {
+        OutputAnalyzer out = tryLoadingClass("PreloadCircularityTest$Class6a");
+        out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class6b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class6a. Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute");
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class6c during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class6b. Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute");
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class6c during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class6b (cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) succeeded");
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class6d during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class6b. Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute");
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class6b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class6d. Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute");
+        out.shouldContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class6b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class6d (cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) failed : java/lang/ClassCircularityError");
+        out.shouldContain("[warning][class,preload] After preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class6b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class6d failed,field was annotated with @NullRestricted but class is unknown, the annotation is ignored");
+        out.shouldContain("[info   ][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class6d during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class6b (cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) succeeded");
+        out.shouldContain("[info   ][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class6b during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class6a (cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) succeeded");
+    }
+
+    static value class Class7a {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Class7a va = new Class7a();
+    }
+
+    void test_7() throws Exception {
+        OutputAnalyzer out = tryLoadingClass("PreloadCircularityTest$Class7a");
+        out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+        out.shouldNotContain("[warning][class,preload] During loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class7a, class PreloadCircularityTest$Class7a is unknown, but a field of this type was annotated with @NullRestricted, the annotation is ignored");
+    }
+
+    static value class Class8a {
+        Class8a va = new Class8a();
+    }
+
+    void test_8() throws Exception {
+        OutputAnalyzer out = tryLoadingClass("PreloadCircularityTest$Class8a");
+        out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+        out.shouldNotContain("[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class8a during loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class8a. Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute");
+    }
+
+    static value class Class9a {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Class9b vb = new Class9b();
+    }
+
+    static class Class9b { }
+
+    void test_9() throws Exception {
+        OutputAnalyzer out = tryLoadingClass("PreloadCircularityTest$Class9a");
+        out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+        out.shouldContain("[warning][class,preload] During loading of class PreloadCircularityTest$Class9a, class PreloadCircularityTest$Class9b is unknown, but a field of this type was annotated with @NullRestricted, the annotation is ignored");
+    }
+
+    public static class TestHelper {
+        public static void main(String[] args) {
+            try {
+                switch (args[0]) {
+                    case "load":
+                        Class.forName(args[1]);
+                        break;
+                    case "isNullRestricted":
+                        Class.forName(args[1]);
+
+                        Class fieldClass = Class.forName(args[2]);
+                        Field field = fieldClass.getDeclaredField(args[3]);
+                        Boolean isNullRestricted = Boolean.parseBoolean(args[4]);
+                        Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedField(field), isNullRestricted);
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        throw new RuntimeException("Unknown mode: " + args[0]);
+              }
+            } catch (Throwable ex) {
+                ex.printStackTrace();
+                System.exit(1);
+            }
+            System.exit(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static OutputAnalyzer tryLoadingClass(String className) throws Exception {
+        ProcessBuilder pb = exec("PreloadCircularityTest$TestHelper",
+                                 "load",
+                                 className);
+
+        OutputAnalyzer out = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+        System.out.println(out.getOutput());
+        return out;
+    }
+
+    static OutputAnalyzer tryLoadClassAndCheckNullRestricted(String loadClass, String fieldClass, String field, boolean isNullRestricted) throws Exception {
+        ProcessBuilder pb = exec("PreloadCircularityTest$TestHelper",
+                                 "isNullRestricted",
+                                 loadClass,
+                                 fieldClass,
+                                 field,
+                                 Boolean.toString(isNullRestricted));
+
+        OutputAnalyzer out = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+        System.out.println(out.getOutput());
+        return out;
+    }
+
+    static ProcessBuilder exec(String... args) throws Exception {
+        List<String> argsList = new ArrayList<>();
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "--enable-preview");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-Dtest.class.path=" + System.getProperty("test.class.path", "."));
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-Xlog:class+preload=info");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, args);
+        return ProcessTools.createTestJavaProcessBuilder(argsList);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        System.out.println("Creating tests");
+        PreloadCircularityTest tests = new PreloadCircularityTest();
+        Class c = tests.getClass();
+        System.out.println("Iterating over test methods");
+        boolean hasFailedTest = false;
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("Following tests have failed: ");
+        for (Method m : c.getDeclaredMethods()) {
+            if (m.getName().startsWith("test_")) {
+                boolean failed = false;
+                try {
+                    System.out.println("Running " + m.getName());
+                    m.invoke(tests);
+                } catch (Throwable t) {
+                    t.printStackTrace();
+                    failed = true;
+                }
+                System.out.println("Test " + m.getName() + " : " + (failed ? "FAILED" : "PASSED"));
+                hasFailedTest = failed ? true : hasFailedTest;
+                if (failed) sb.append(m.getName()).append(", ");
+            }
+        }
+        if (hasFailedTest) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(sb.toString());
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/internal/jrtfs/whitebox/ExplodedImageTestDriver.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/PreloadShared.java
similarity index 78%
rename from test/jdk/jdk/internal/jrtfs/whitebox/ExplodedImageTestDriver.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/PreloadShared.java
index 884024454d4..968433dd3e8 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/internal/jrtfs/whitebox/ExplodedImageTestDriver.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/PreloadShared.java
@@ -21,10 +21,14 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
-/*
- * @test
- * @summary Whitebox tests for ExplodedImage to ensure compatibility with ImageReader.
- * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.jrtfs java.base/jdk.internal.jimage
- * @run junit/othervm java.base/jdk.internal.jrtfs.ExplodedImageTest
- */
-public class ExplodedImageTestDriver {}
\ No newline at end of file
+import java.time.LocalDateTime;
+
+public class PreloadShared {
+    public static LocalDateTime test() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        test();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/PreloadValue0.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/PreloadValue0.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7e2ec9f661a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/PreloadValue0.java
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+public value class PreloadValue0 { }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/QuickeningTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/QuickeningTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..38c13faa078
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/QuickeningTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/*
+ * @test QuickeningTest
+ * @summary Test quickening of getfield and putfield applied to inline fields
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile QuickeningTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.QuickeningTest
+ */
+
+public class QuickeningTest {
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Point {
+        final int x;
+        final int y;
+
+        public Point(int x, int y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class JumboInline {
+        final long l0;
+        final long l1;
+        final long l2;
+        final long l3;
+        final long l4;
+        final long l5;
+        final long l6;
+        final long l7;
+        final long l8;
+        final long l9;
+        final long l10;
+        final long l11;
+        final long l12;
+        final long l13;
+        final long l14;
+        final long l15;
+        final long l16;
+        final long l17;
+        final long l18;
+        final long l19;
+
+        public JumboInline(long l0Val, long l1Val) {
+            l0 = l0Val;
+            l1 = l1Val;
+            l2 = l0Val+1;
+            l3 = l1Val+2;
+            l4 = l0Val+3;
+            l5 = l1Val+4;
+            l6 = l0Val+5;
+            l7 = l1Val+6;
+            l8 = l0Val+7;
+            l9 = l1Val+8;
+            l10 = l0Val+9;
+            l11 = l1Val+10;
+            l12 = l0Val+11;
+            l13 = l1Val+12;
+            l14 = l0Val+13;
+            l15 = l1Val+14;
+            l16 = l0Val+15;
+            l17 = l1Val+16;
+            l18 = l0Val+17;
+            l19 = l1Val+18;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Parent {
+        Point nfp;       /* Not flattenable inline field */
+        @NullRestricted
+        Point fp;         /* Flattenable and flattened inline field */
+        @NullRestricted
+        JumboInline fj;    /* Flattenable not flattened inline field */
+
+        Parent() {
+            fp = new Point(1, 2);
+            fj = new JumboInline(3L, 4L);
+            super();
+        }
+
+        public void setNfp(Point p) { nfp = p; }
+        public void setFp(Point p) { fp = p; }
+        public void setFj(JumboInline j) { fj = j; }
+    }
+
+    static class Child extends Parent {
+        // This class inherited fields from the Parent class
+        Point nfp2;      /* Not flattenable inline field */
+        @NullRestricted
+        Point fp2;        /* Flattenable and flattened inline field */
+        @NullRestricted
+        JumboInline fj2;   /* Flattenable not flattened inline field */
+
+        Child() {
+            fp2 = new Point(5, 6);
+            fj2 = new JumboInline(7L, 8L);
+            super();
+        }
+
+        public void setNfp2(Point p) { nfp2 = p; }
+        public void setFp2(Point p)  { fp2 = p; }
+        public void setFj2(JumboInline j) { fj2 = j; }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Value {
+        final Point nfp;       /* Not flattenable inline field */
+        @NullRestricted
+        final Point fp;         /* Flattenable and flattened inline field */
+        @NullRestricted
+        final JumboInline fj;    /* Flattenable not flattened inline field */
+
+        private Value() {
+            nfp = null;
+            fp = new Point(9, 10);
+            fj = new JumboInline(11L, 12L);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testUninitializedFields() {
+        Parent p = new Parent();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(p.nfp, null, "invalid uninitialized not flattenable");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(p.fp.x, 1, "invalid value for uninitialized flattened field");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(p.fp.y, 2, "invalid value for uninitialized flattened field");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(p.fj.l0, 3L, "invalid value for uninitialized flattened field");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(p.fj.l1, 4L, "invalid value for uninitialized flattened field");
+
+        Child c = new Child();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(c.nfp, null, "invalid uninitialized not flattenable field");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(c.fp.x, 1, "invalid value for uninitialized flattened field");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(c.fp.y, 2, "invalid value for uninitialized flattened field");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(c.fj.l0, 3L, "invalid value for uninitialized flattened field");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(c.fj.l1, 4L, "invalid value for uninitialized flattened field");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(c.nfp2, null, "invalid uninitialized not flattenable");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(c.fp2.x, 5, "invalid value for uninitialized flattened field");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(c.fp2.y, 6, "invalid value for uninitialized flattened field");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(c.fj2.l0, 7L, "invalid value for uninitialized not flattened field");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(c.fj2.l1, 8L, "invalid value for uninitialized not flattened field");
+
+        Value v = new Value();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(v.nfp, null, "invalid uninitialized not flattenable");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(v.fp.x, 9, "invalid value for uninitialized flattened field");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(v.fp.y, 10, "invalid value for uninitialized flattened field");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(v.fj.l0, 11L, "invalid value for uninitialized not flattened field");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(v.fj.l1, 12L, "invalid value for uninitialized not flattened field");
+    }
+
+    static void testPutfieldAndGetField() {
+        Point p1 = new Point(16, 47);
+        Point p2 = new Point(32, 64);
+
+        JumboInline j1 = new JumboInline(4, 5);
+        JumboInline j2 = new JumboInline(7, 9);
+
+        Parent p = new Parent();
+        // executing each setter twice to test quickened bytecodes
+        p.setNfp(p1);
+        p.setNfp(p2);
+        p.setFp(p2);
+        p.setFp(p1);
+        p.setFj(j1);
+        p.setFj(j2);
+
+        Asserts.assertTrue(p.nfp.equals(p2), "invalid updated not flattenable field");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(p.fp.x, 16, "invalid value for updated flattened field");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(p.fp.y, 47, "invalid value for updated flattened field");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(p.fj.equals(j2), "invalid value for updated not flattened field");
+
+        Child c = new Child();
+        c.setNfp(p1);
+        c.setNfp(p2);
+        c.setFp(p2);
+        c.setFp(p1);
+        c.setFj(j1);
+        c.setFj(j2);
+        c.setNfp2(p2);
+        c.setNfp2(p1);
+        c.setFp2(p1);
+        c.setFp2(p2);
+        c.setFj2(j2);
+        c.setFj2(j1);
+
+        Asserts.assertTrue(c.nfp.equals(p2), "invalid updated not flattenable field");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(c.fp.x, 16, "invalid value for updated flattened field");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(c.fp.y, 47, "invalid value for updated flattened field");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(c.fj.equals(j2), "invalid value for updated not flattened field");
+
+        Asserts.assertTrue(c.nfp2.equals(p1), "invalid updated not flattenable field");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(c.fp2.x, 32, "invalid value for updated flattened field");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(c.fp2.y, 64, "invalid value for updated flattened field");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(c.fj2.equals(j1), "invalid value for updated not flattened field");
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        testUninitializedFields();
+        testUninitializedFields(); // run twice to test quickened bytecodes
+        testPutfieldAndGetField();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/StaticFieldsTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/StaticFieldsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9503f202309
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/StaticFieldsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test circularity in static fields
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile StaticFieldsTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.StaticFieldsTest
+ */
+
+public class StaticFieldsTest {
+
+
+    // ClassA and ClassB have a simple cycle in their static fields, but they should
+    // be able to load and initialize themselves successfully. Access to these
+    // static fields after their initialization should return the default value.
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class ClassA {
+        @NullRestricted
+        static ClassB b = new ClassB();
+        public int i;
+
+        public ClassA() {
+            i = 3;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class ClassB {
+        @NullRestricted
+        static ClassA a = new ClassA();
+        public int i;
+
+        public ClassB() {
+            i = 700;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ClassC has a reference to itself in its static field, but it should be able
+    // to initialize itself successfully. Access to this static field after initialization
+    // should return the default value.
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class ClassC {
+        @NullRestricted
+        static ClassC c = new ClassC();
+        int i;
+
+        public ClassC() {
+            i = 42;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    // ClassD and ClassE have circular references in their static fields, and they
+    // read these static fields during their initialization, the value read from
+    // these fields should be the default value. Both classes should initialize
+    // successfully.
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class ClassD {
+        @NullRestricted
+        static ClassE e = new ClassE();
+        int i;
+
+        static {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(e.i, 42, "Static field e.i incorrect");
+        }
+
+        public ClassD() {
+            i = 42;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class ClassE {
+        @NullRestricted
+        static ClassD d = new ClassD();
+        int i;
+
+        static {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(d.i, 42, "Static field d.i incorrect");
+        }
+
+        public ClassE() {
+            i = 42;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ClassF and ClassG have circular references in their static fields, and they
+    // create new instances of each other type to initialize these static fields
+    // during their initialization. Both classes should initialize successfully.
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class ClassF {
+        @NullRestricted
+        static ClassG g = new ClassG();
+        int i;
+
+        static {
+            g = new ClassG();
+            Asserts.assertEquals(g.i, 64, "Static field ClassF.g.i incorrect");
+        }
+
+        ClassF() {
+            i = 314;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class ClassG {
+        @NullRestricted
+        static ClassF f = new ClassF();
+        int i;
+
+        static {
+            f = new ClassF();
+            Asserts.assertEquals(f.i, 314, "Static field ClassG.f.i incorrect");
+        }
+
+        ClassG() {
+            i = 64;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(ClassA.b.i, 700, "Static field ClassA.b.i incorrect");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(ClassB.a.i, 3, "Static field Classb.a.i incorrect");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(ClassC.c.i, 42, "Static field ClassC.c.i incorrect");
+        new ClassD();
+        new ClassF();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/Test8186715.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/Test8186715.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a3523551e96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/Test8186715.java
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+/*
+ * @test Test8186715
+ * @summary test return of buffered inline type passed in argument by caller
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile Test8186715.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.Test8186715
+ */
+
+public class Test8186715 {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        MyValueType v = MyValueType.testDefault();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {
+            MyValueType.testBranchArg1(false, v);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class MyValueType {
+    final int i;
+    final int j;
+
+    private MyValueType(int i, int j) {
+        this.i = i;
+        this.j = j;
+    }
+
+    static MyValueType testDefault() {
+        MyValueType[] array = (MyValueType[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValueType.class, 1, new MyValueType(0, 0));
+        return array[0];
+    }
+
+    static MyValueType testBranchArg1(boolean flag, MyValueType v1) {
+        if (flag) {
+            v1 = new MyValueType(3, 4);
+        }
+        return v1;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayFactories.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayFactories.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d837a21d2c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayFactories.java
@@ -0,0 +1,438 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test argument validation and behavior of special arrays factories
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayFactories
+ */
+
+public class TestArrayFactories {
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static abstract value class MyAbsVal {
+        short s = (short)0;
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyVal extends MyAbsVal {
+        boolean b = false;
+    }
+
+    // Testing negative length
+
+    static void test_0() {
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyVal.class, -1, new MyVal());
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing NegativeArraySizeException");
+        } catch (NegativeArraySizeException e) { }
+    }
+
+    static void test_1() {
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyVal.class, Integer.MIN_VALUE , new MyVal());
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing NegativeArraySizeException");
+        } catch (NegativeArraySizeException e) { }
+    }
+
+    static void test_2() {
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyVal.class, -100000);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing NegativeArraySizeException");
+        } catch (NegativeArraySizeException e) { }
+    }
+
+    static void test_3() {
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.newReferenceArray(MyVal.class, -2);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing NegativeArraySizeException");
+        } catch (NegativeArraySizeException e) { }
+    }
+
+    // Testing null class argument
+
+    static void test_4() {
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(null, 1, new MyVal());
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing NullPointerException");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) { }
+    }
+
+    static void test_5() {
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(null, 1, new MyVal());
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing NullPointerException");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) { }
+    }
+
+    static void test_6() {
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(null, 1);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing NullPointerException");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) { }
+    }
+
+    static void test_7() {
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.newReferenceArray(null, 1);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing NullPointerException");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) { }
+    }
+
+    // Abstract value class as element type
+
+    static void test_8() {
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyAbsVal.class, 1, new MyVal());
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing IllegalArgumentException");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { }
+    }
+
+    static void test_9() {
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyAbsVal.class, 1, new MyVal());
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing IllegalArgumentException");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { }
+    }
+
+    static void test_10() {
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyAbsVal.class, 1);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing IllegalArgumentException");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { }
+    }
+
+    static void test_11() {
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.newReferenceArray(MyAbsVal.class, 1);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing IllegalArgumentException");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { }
+    }
+
+    // Identity class as element type
+
+    static void test_12() {
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(String.class, 1, new String(""));
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing IllegalArgumentException");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { }
+    }
+
+    static void test_13() {
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(String.class, 1, new String(""));
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing IllegalArgumentException");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { }
+    }
+
+    static void test_14() {
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(String.class, 1);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing IllegalArgumentException");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { }
+    }
+
+    static void test_15() {
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.newReferenceArray(String.class, 1);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing IllegalArgumentException");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { }
+    }
+
+    // Element type vs initial value mismatch
+
+    static value class MyVal1 {
+      char c = '0';
+    }
+
+    static void test_16() {
+      try {
+          var a = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyVal.class, 1, new MyVal1());
+          throw new RuntimeException("Missing IllegalArgumentException");
+      } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { }
+    }
+
+    static void test_17() {
+      try {
+            var a = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyVal.class, 1, new MyVal1());
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing IllegalArgumentException");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { }
+    }
+
+    // Testing element type initialization
+
+    static boolean initFlag0 = false;
+
+    static value class MyVal2 {
+
+        static {
+            TestArrayFactories.initFlag0 = true;
+        }
+
+        int i = 0;
+    }
+
+    static void test_18() {
+        Asserts.assertFalse(TestArrayFactories.initFlag0);
+        var a = ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyVal2.class, 1);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(TestArrayFactories.initFlag0);
+    }
+
+    static boolean initFlag1 = false;
+
+    static value class MyVal3 {
+
+        static {
+            TestArrayFactories.initFlag1 = true;
+        }
+
+        int i = 0;
+    }
+
+    static void test_19() {
+        Asserts.assertFalse(TestArrayFactories.initFlag1);
+        var a = ValueClass.newReferenceArray(MyVal3.class, 1);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(TestArrayFactories.initFlag1);
+    }
+
+    // Array creation with an element type in an initialization error state
+
+    static MyVal4 val4;
+    static boolean fail = true;
+
+    static value class MyVal4 {
+      int i = 0;
+
+      static {
+          TestArrayFactories.val4 = new MyVal4();
+          if (TestArrayFactories.fail) throw new RuntimeException();
+      }
+    }
+
+    static void test_20() {
+        try {
+            var v = new MyVal4();
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing class initialization failure");
+        } catch (ExceptionInInitializerError|NoClassDefFoundError e) { }
+        var a = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyVal4.class, 1, val4);
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(a);
+    }
+
+    static void test_21() {
+        try {
+            var v = new MyVal4();
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing class initialization failure");
+        } catch (ExceptionInInitializerError|NoClassDefFoundError e) { }
+        var a = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyVal4.class, 1, val4);
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(a);
+    }
+
+    static void test_22() {
+        try {
+            var v = new MyVal4();
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing class initialization failure");
+        } catch (ExceptionInInitializerError|NoClassDefFoundError e) { }
+        var a = ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyVal4.class, 1);
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(a);
+    }
+
+    static void test_23() {
+        try {
+            var v = new MyVal4();
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing class initialization failure");
+        } catch (ExceptionInInitializerError|NoClassDefFoundError e) { }
+        var a = ValueClass.newReferenceArray(MyVal4.class, 1);
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(a);
+    }
+
+    // Test array creation with a null initial value
+
+    static void test_24() {
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyVal.class, 1, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing NullPointerException");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) { }
+    }
+
+    static void test_25() {
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyVal.class, 1, null);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing NullPointerException");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) { }
+    }
+
+    // Test arguments validation in copyOfSpecialArray()
+
+    static void test_26() {
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.copyOfSpecialArray(null, 0);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing NullPointerException");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {}
+    }
+
+    static void test_27() {
+        var array = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyVal.class, 1, new MyVal());
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.copyOfSpecialArray(array, -1);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing NegativeArraySizeException");
+        } catch (NegativeArraySizeException e) {}
+    }
+
+    static void test_28() {
+        var array = new Object[1];
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.copyOfSpecialArray(array, 0);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing IllegalArgumentException");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {}
+    }
+
+    static void test_29() {
+        var array = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyVal.class, 2, new MyVal());
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.copyOfSpecialArray(array, 4);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing IllegalArgumentException");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {}
+    }
+
+    static void test_30() {
+        var array = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyVal.class, 2, new MyVal());
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.copyOfSpecialArray(array, 4);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing IllegalArgumentException");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {}
+    }
+
+    static void test_31() {
+        var array = ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyVal.class, 2);
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.copyOfSpecialArray(array, 4);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(a.length, 4);
+        } catch (Throwable e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected exception " + e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test arguments validation in copyOfRangeSpecialArray()
+
+    static void test_32() {
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.copyOfRangeSpecialArray(null, 0, 1);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing NullPointerException");
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {}
+    }
+
+    static void test_33() {
+        var array = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyVal.class, 2, new MyVal());
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.copyOfRangeSpecialArray(array, -1, 1);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException");
+        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {}
+    }
+
+    static void test_34() {
+        var array = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyVal.class, 2, new MyVal());
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.copyOfRangeSpecialArray(array, 3, 4);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException");
+        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {}
+    }
+
+    static void test_35() {
+        var array = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyVal.class, 2, new MyVal());
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.copyOfRangeSpecialArray(array, 1, 0);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing IllegalArgumentException");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {}
+    }
+
+    static void test_36() {
+        var array = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyVal.class, 2, new MyVal());
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.copyOfRangeSpecialArray(array, 2, 4);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing IllegalArgumentException");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {}
+    }
+
+    static void test_37() {
+        var array = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyVal.class, 2, new MyVal());
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.copyOfRangeSpecialArray(array, 2, 4);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing IllegalArgumentException");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {}
+    }
+
+    static void test_38() {
+        var array = ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(MyVal.class, 2);
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.copyOfRangeSpecialArray(array, 2, 4);
+        } catch (Throwable e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected exception " + e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test_39() {
+      var array = new Object[1];
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.copyOfRangeSpecialArray(array, 0, 0);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Missing IllegalArgumentException");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {}
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        var test = new TestArrayFactories();
+        Class c = test.getClass();
+        ArrayList<String> failures = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (Method m : c.getDeclaredMethods()) {
+            if (m.getName().startsWith("test_")) {
+                try {
+                    System.out.println("Running " + m.getName());
+                    m.invoke(null);
+                } catch (Throwable t) {
+                    t.printStackTrace();
+                    failures.add(m.getName());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (!failures.isEmpty()) {
+            System.out.print("Failed tests: ");
+            for (String s: failures) {
+                System.out.print(s + " ");
+            }
+            System.out.println("");
+            throw new RuntimeException("Some tests failed");
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestCloneableValue.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestCloneableValue.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1b3cba48cbf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestCloneableValue.java
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test TestCloneableValue
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile TestCloneableValue.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestCloneableValue
+ */
+
+ package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+ import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+ import java.util.ArrayList;
+
+ public class TestCloneableValue  {
+
+    static value class SimpleValue implements Cloneable {
+      int i;
+      double j;
+
+      public SimpleValue() {
+        i = 42;
+        j = Math.E;
+      }
+
+      @Override
+      public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
+        return super.clone(); // delegate to Object's method performing a shallow copy
+      }
+     }
+
+    static value class NotSoSimpleValue implements Cloneable {
+      ArrayList list;
+
+      public NotSoSimpleValue() {
+        list = new ArrayList<>();
+      }
+
+      private NotSoSimpleValue(ArrayList l) {
+        list = l;
+      }
+
+      @Override
+      public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
+        return new NotSoSimpleValue((ArrayList)list.clone());
+      }
+    }
+
+     public static void main(String[] args) {
+      var sv = new SimpleValue();
+      try {
+        var c1 = sv.clone();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(sv, c1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(sv.hashCode(), c1.hashCode());
+      } catch(CloneNotSupportedException e) {
+        Asserts.fail("Unexpected exception", e);
+      }
+
+      var nssv = new NotSoSimpleValue();
+      try {
+        var c2 = nssv.clone();
+        Asserts.assertNE(nssv, c2);
+        Asserts.assertNE(nssv.hashCode(), c2.hashCode());
+      } catch(CloneNotSupportedException e) {
+        Asserts.fail("Unexpected exception", e);
+      }
+     }
+ }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFieldNullability.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFieldNullability.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9baa42a4b0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFieldNullability.java
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test TestFieldNullability
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile TestFieldNullability.java
+ * @run main/othervm -Xmx128m -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseFieldFlattening
+ *                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFieldNullability
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+
+public class TestFieldNullability {
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue {
+        int x;
+
+        public MyValue() {
+            x = 314;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyBigValue {
+        long l0, l1, l2, l3, l4, l5, l6, l7, l8, l9;
+        long l10, l11, l12, l13, l14, l15, l16, l17, l18, l19;
+
+        public MyBigValue() {
+            l0 = l1 = l2 = l3 = l4 = l5 = l6 = l7 = l8 = l9 = 271;
+            l10 = l11 = l12 = l13 = l14 = l15 = l16 = l17 = l18 = l19 = 271;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class TestIdentityClass {
+        MyValue nullableField;
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue nullfreeField;       // flattened
+        MyValue nullField;
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyBigValue nullfreeBigField; // not flattened
+        MyBigValue nullBigField;
+
+        TestIdentityClass() {
+            nullfreeField = new MyValue();
+            nullfreeBigField = new MyBigValue();
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestIdentityClass that = new TestIdentityClass();
+        Asserts.assertNull(that.nullField, "Invalid non null value for uninitialized non flattenable field");
+        Asserts.assertNull(that.nullBigField, "Invalid non null value for uninitialized non flattenable field");
+        boolean NPE = false;
+        try {
+            that.nullableField = that.nullField;
+        } catch(NullPointerException e) {
+            NPE = true;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertFalse(NPE, "Invalid NPE when assigning null to a non flattenable field");
+        try {
+            that.nullfreeField = (MyValue) that.nullField;
+        } catch(NullPointerException e) {
+            NPE = true;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertTrue(NPE, "Missing NPE when assigning null to a flattened field");
+        try {
+            that.nullfreeBigField = (MyBigValue) that.nullBigField;
+        } catch(NullPointerException e) {
+            NPE = true;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertTrue(NPE, "Missing NPE when assigning null to a flattenable field");
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFinalizableValues.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFinalizableValues.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..95a958b8a4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFinalizableValues.java
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test TestFinalizableValues
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile TestFinalizableValues.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI TestFinalizableValues
+ */
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+public class TestFinalizableValues {
+
+    static WhiteBox WB = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+
+    public static class TestHelper {
+        static boolean finalizer1WasCalled = false;
+        static boolean finalizer2WasCalled = false;
+
+        static value class MyVal {
+            static volatile boolean finalizerWasCalled = false;
+            int i = 0;
+
+            @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
+            protected void finalize() {
+                finalizerWasCalled = true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        static abstract value class MyAbstractVal {
+            int i = 0;
+
+            @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
+            protected void finalize() {
+                finalizer1WasCalled = true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        static value class MyVal2 extends MyAbstractVal {}
+
+        static class MyId extends MyAbstractVal {}
+
+        static class MyId2 extends MyAbstractVal {
+            int i = 0;
+
+            @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
+            protected void finalize() {
+                finalizer2WasCalled = true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        static void create(Class<?> c) {
+            try {
+                c.newInstance();
+            } catch(InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException e) {
+                throw new RuntimeException(e);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException {
+            Class<?> c = Class.forName(args[0]);
+            boolean expectFinalizer1 = Boolean.valueOf(args[1]);
+            boolean expectFinalizer2 = Boolean.valueOf(args[2]);
+
+            create(c);
+            for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+                System.gc();
+                try {
+                    Thread.sleep(10L);
+                } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
+                    Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+                }
+            }
+            if (finalizer1WasCalled != expectFinalizer1) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Finalizer1 was "
+                                           + (finalizer1WasCalled ? "" : "not ")
+                                           + "executed");
+            }
+            if (finalizer2WasCalled != expectFinalizer2) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Finalizer2 was "
+                                           + (finalizer2WasCalled ? "" : "not ")
+                                           + "executed");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test(String classname, boolean expectRegistration, String... args) throws IOException {
+        List<String> argsList = new ArrayList<>();
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "--enable-preview");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-Dtest.class.path=" + System.getProperty("test.class.path", "."));
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+TraceFinalizerRegistration");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "TestFinalizableValues$TestHelper");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "TestFinalizableValues$TestHelper$" + classname);
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, args);
+        ProcessBuilder pb = ProcessTools.createTestJavaProcessBuilder(argsList);
+        OutputAnalyzer out = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+        if (WB.getBooleanVMFlag("TraceFinalizerRegistration")) {
+          if (expectRegistration) {
+            out.shouldContain("as finalizable");
+          } else {
+            out.shouldNotContain("as finalizable");
+          }
+        }
+        out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+    }
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
+        test("MyVal", false, "false", "false");
+        test("MyVal2", false, "false", "false");
+        test("MyId", false, "false", "false");
+        test("MyId2", true, "false", "true");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayElementMaxOops.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayElementMaxOops.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..789f8b330e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayElementMaxOops.java
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test that the FlatArrayElementMaxOops flag works as expected.
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+UseArrayFlattening -XX:FlatArrayElementMaxOops=0
+ *                   -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFlatArrayElementMaxOops 0
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test that the FlatArrayElementMaxOops flag works as expected.
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+UseArrayFlattening -XX:FlatArrayElementMaxOops=1
+ *                   -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFlatArrayElementMaxOops 1
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test that the FlatArrayElementMaxOops flag works as expected.
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+UseArrayFlattening -XX:FlatArrayElementMaxOops=2
+ *                   -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFlatArrayElementMaxOops 2
+ */
+
+public class TestFlatArrayElementMaxOops {
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class ValueWithOneOoop {
+        Object obj1 = null;
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class ValueWithTwoOoops {
+        Object obj1 = null;
+        Object obj2 = null;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        int FlatArrayElementMaxOops = Integer.valueOf(args[0]);
+        Object[] array = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueWithOneOoop.class, 1, new ValueWithOneOoop());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array), FlatArrayElementMaxOops >= 1);
+        array = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueWithOneOoop.class, 1, new ValueWithOneOoop());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array), FlatArrayElementMaxOops >= 1);
+        array = ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(ValueWithOneOoop.class, 1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array), FlatArrayElementMaxOops >= 1);
+
+        array = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueWithTwoOoops.class, 1, new ValueWithTwoOoops());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array), FlatArrayElementMaxOops >= 2);
+        array = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueWithTwoOoops.class, 1, new ValueWithTwoOoops());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array), FlatArrayElementMaxOops >= 2);
+        array = ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(ValueWithTwoOoops.class, 1);
+        Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatteningBudget.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatteningBudget.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9e390613713
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatteningBudget.java
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test TestFlatteningBudget
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.opt.UseFieldFlattening != "false"
+ * @requires vm.opt.UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening != "false"
+ * @requires vm.compMode != "Xcomp"
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFlatteningBudget
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import com.sun.management.HotSpotDiagnosticMXBean;
+import com.sun.management.VMOption;
+import java.lang.management.ManagementFactory;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+
+public class TestFlatteningBudget {
+
+    static value record Leaf(Object o) {};
+    static value record Node4(Leaf l1, Leaf l2, Leaf l3, Leaf l4) {};
+    static value record Node16(Node4 n1, Node4 n2, Node4 n3, Node4 n4) {};
+    static value record Node64(Node16 n1, Node16 n2, Node16 n3, Node16 n4) {};
+    static value record Node256(Node64 n1, Node64 n2, Node64 n3, Node64 n4) {};
+    static value record Node1024(Node256 n1, Node256 n2, Node256 n3, Node256 n4) {};
+    static value record Node4096(Node1024 n1, Node1024 n2, Node1024 n3, Node1024 n4) {};
+    static value record Node16384(Node4096 n1, Node4096 n2, Node4096 n3, Node4096 n4) {};
+    static value record Node65536(Node16384 n1, Node16384 n2, Node16384 n3, Node16384 n4) {};
+    static value record Node262144(Node65536 n1, Node65536 n2, Node65536 n3, Node65536 n4) {};
+    static value record Node1048576(Node262144 n1, Node262144 n2, Node262144 n3, Node262144 n4) {};
+    static value record Node4194304(Node1048576 n1, Node1048576 n2, Node1048576 n3, Node1048576 n4) {};
+    static value record Node16777216(Node4194304 n1, Node4194304 n2, Node4194304 n3, Node4194304 n4) {};
+    static value record Node67108864(Node16777216 n1, Node16777216 n2, Node16777216 n3, Node16777216 n4) {};
+    static value record Node268435456(Node67108864 n1, Node67108864 n2, Node67108864 n3, Node67108864 n4) {};
+    static value record Node1073741824(Node268435456 n1, Node268435456 n2, Node268435456 n3, Node268435456 n4) {};
+    static value record Node4294967296(Node1073741824 n1, Node1073741824 n2, Node1073741824 n3, Node1073741824 n4) {};
+    static value record Node17179869184(Node4294967296 n1, Node4294967296 n2, Node4294967296 n3, Node4294967296 n4) {};
+    static value class Holder { Node262144 f = null; }
+
+    // Test 0 : no crash with humongous objects
+    static class Test0 {
+        public static void main(String[] args) {
+            var h = new Holder();
+            System.out.println("SUCCESS");
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class Value0 {
+        byte b = (byte)0;
+    }
+
+    static value class Value1 {
+        int i = 0;
+    }
+
+    static class Container {
+        public Value0 v0;
+        public Value1 v1;
+    }
+
+
+
+    // Test 1 : impact of flattening budget on flattening decisions
+    static class Test1 {
+        static final Unsafe UNSAFE = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
+        static HotSpotDiagnosticMXBean hsDiag = ManagementFactory.getPlatformMXBean(HotSpotDiagnosticMXBean.class);
+
+        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+
+            int flatteningBudget = Integer.valueOf(args[0]);
+            var c = new Container();
+            Class<?> klass = c.getClass();
+            Field f0 = klass.getDeclaredField("v0");
+            if (flatteningBudget >= 2) {
+                if (!UNSAFE.isFlatField(f0)) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Test 1: field f0 is unexpectedly not flat with flattening budget of " + flatteningBudget);
+                }
+            } else {
+                if (UNSAFE.isFlatField(f0)) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Test 1: field f0 is unexpectedly flat with flattening budget of " + flatteningBudget);
+                }
+            }
+            Field f1 = klass.getDeclaredField("v1");
+            if (flatteningBudget > 4) {
+                if (!UNSAFE.isFlatField(f1) ) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Test 1: field f1 is unexpectedly not flat with flattening budget of " + flatteningBudget);
+                }
+            } else {
+                if (UNSAFE.isFlatField(f1) ) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Test 1: field f1 is unexpectedly flat with flattening budget of " + flatteningBudget);
+                }
+            }
+            System.out.println("SUCCESS");
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void runTest(String... args) throws Exception {
+        ArrayList<String> allArgs = new ArrayList<>();
+        allArgs.add("--enable-preview");
+        allArgs.add("--add-exports");
+        allArgs.add("java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED");
+        allArgs.add("-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions");
+        for (String s : args) {
+          allArgs.add(s);
+        }
+        ProcessBuilder pb = ProcessTools.createTestJavaProcessBuilder(allArgs.toArray(new String[allArgs.size()]));
+        OutputAnalyzer out = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+        System.out.println(out.getOutput());
+        out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+    }
+
+    static public void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        runTest("runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFlatteningBudget$Test0");
+        runTest("-XX:FlatteningBudget=128", "runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFlatteningBudget$Test1", "128");
+        runTest("-XX:FlatteningBudget=4", "runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFlatteningBudget$Test1", "4");
+        runTest("-XX:FlatteningBudget=2", "runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFlatteningBudget$Test1", "2");
+        runTest("-XX:FlatteningBudget=0", "runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestFlatteningBudget$Test1", "0");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestInheritedInlineTypeFields.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestInheritedInlineTypeFields.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..948c66a6855
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestInheritedInlineTypeFields.java
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/*
+ * @test TestInheritedInlineTypeFields
+ * @summary Test if inline field klasses are correctly retrieved for inherited fields
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile Point.java TestInheritedInlineTypeFields.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestInheritedInlineTypeFields
+ */
+
+class A {
+    @NullRestricted
+    Point p;
+
+    A() {
+        p = new Point(1, 2);
+        super();
+    }
+}
+
+class B extends A {
+
+}
+
+class C extends B {
+    int i;
+}
+
+class D {
+    long l;
+}
+
+class E extends D {
+    @NullRestricted
+    Point p1;
+
+    E() {
+        p1 = new Point(3, 4);
+        super();
+    }
+}
+
+class F extends E {
+
+}
+
+class G extends F {
+    @NullRestricted
+    Point p2;
+
+    G() {
+        p2 = new Point(5, 6);
+        super();
+    }
+}
+
+public class TestInheritedInlineTypeFields {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) {
+            run();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void run() {
+        B b = new B();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(b.p.x, 1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(b.p.y, 2);
+        b.p = new Point(2,3);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(b.p.x, 2);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(b.p.y, 3);
+
+        G g = new G();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(g.p1.x, 3);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(g.p1.y, 4);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(g.p2.x, 5);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(g.p2.y, 6);
+        g.p1 = new Point(1,2);
+        g.p2 = new Point(3,4);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(g.p1.x, 1);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(g.p1.y, 2);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(g.p2.x, 3);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(g.p2.y, 4);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestJNIAllocObject.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestJNIAllocObject.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..dda30524e23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestJNIAllocObject.java
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test JNI AllocObject with inline types
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm/native --enable-native-access=ALL-UNNAMED -Xcheck:jni
+ *                          runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestJNIAllocObject
+ */
+public class TestJNIAllocObject {
+
+    static value class Value {
+        int i;
+
+        public Value(int i) {
+            this.i = i;
+        }
+    }
+
+    native static Object allocObject(Class<?> target);
+
+    static {
+        System.loadLibrary("JNIAllocObject");
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Value v1 = (Value) allocObject(Value.class);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(v1.i == 0, "Unexpected field value " + v1.i +
+                                      " after JNI AllocObject");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestJNIHasIdentity.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestJNIHasIdentity.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4c4e648c9de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestJNIHasIdentity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test JNI HasIdentity with inline types
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm/native --enable-native-access=ALL-UNNAMED
+ *                          runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestJNIHasIdentity
+ */
+public class TestJNIHasIdentity {
+
+    static value class Value {
+        int i;
+
+        public Value(int i) {
+            this.i = i;
+        }
+    }
+
+    native static boolean hasIdentity(Object target);
+
+    static {
+        System.loadLibrary("JNIHasIdentity");
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Asserts.assertFalse(hasIdentity(new Value(1)));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(hasIdentity(Integer.valueOf("25")));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(hasIdentity(new String("Hello")));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(hasIdentity(null));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestJNIIsSameObject.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestJNIIsSameObject.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ea2499f0e52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestJNIIsSameObject.java
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test JNI IsSameObject semantic with inline types
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile TestJNIIsSameObject.java
+ * @run main/othervm/native runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestJNIIsSameObject
+ */
+public class TestJNIIsSameObject {
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class Value {
+    int i;
+
+    public Value(int i) {
+      this.i = i;
+    }
+  }
+  native static boolean isSameObject(Object o0, Object o1);
+
+  static {
+    System.loadLibrary("JNIIsSameObject");
+  }
+
+  public static void main(String[] args) {
+    // Same value in different instances
+    Value v0 = new Value(3);
+    Value v1 = new Value(3);
+    Asserts.assertTrue(isSameObject(v0, v1));
+
+    // Different values
+    Value v2 = new Value(4);
+    Asserts.assertFalse(isSameObject(v0, v2));
+
+    // Same object
+    TestJNIIsSameObject t0 = new TestJNIIsSameObject();
+    Object o = t0;
+    Asserts.assertTrue(isSameObject(t0, o));
+
+    // Different objects
+    TestJNIIsSameObject t1 = new TestJNIIsSameObject();
+    Asserts.assertFalse(isSameObject(t0, t1));
+
+    // Comparing against null
+    Asserts.assertFalse(isSameObject(v0, null));
+    Asserts.assertFalse(isSameObject(null, v0));
+    Asserts.assertFalse(isSameObject(t0, null));
+    Asserts.assertFalse(isSameObject(null, t0));
+
+    // Object vs inline
+    Asserts.assertFalse(isSameObject(v0, t0));
+    Asserts.assertFalse(isSameObject(t0, v0));
+
+  }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestJNINewWeakGlobalRef.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestJNINewWeakGlobalRef.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..26a99ee22a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestJNINewWeakGlobalRef.java
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test JNI NewWeakGlobalRef with inline types
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm/native --enable-native-access=ALL-UNNAMED
+ *                          runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestJNINewWeakGlobalRef
+ */
+public class TestJNINewWeakGlobalRef {
+
+    static value class Value {
+        int i;
+
+        public Value(int i) {
+            this.i = i;
+        }
+    }
+
+    native static void newWeakGlobalRef(Object target);
+
+    static {
+        System.loadLibrary("JNINewWeakGlobalRef");
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Value v = new Value(1);
+        try {
+            newWeakGlobalRef(v);
+            Asserts.fail("Should have thrown IdentityException");
+        }
+        catch (IdentityException i) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(i.getMessage().contains("TestJNINewWeakGlobalRef$Value is not an identity class"),
+                               "Wrong identity exception: " + i);
+        }
+
+        // Sanity check that passing null doesn't cause an error.
+        newWeakGlobalRef(null);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/UnsafeTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/UnsafeTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..758929db704
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/UnsafeTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,464 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+
+
+/*
+ * @test UnsafeTest
+ * @requires vm.debug == true
+ * @summary unsafe get/put/with inline type
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @compile Point.java UnsafeTest.java
+ * @run main/othervm -Xint -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+                     -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening -XX:+UseFieldFlattening
+                     -XX:+PrintInlineLayout -Xlog:valuetypes=trace runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.UnsafeTest
+ */
+
+// TODO 8350865 Implement unsafe intrinsics for nullable flat fields/arrays in C2
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.*;
+import java.util.function.*;
+import java.util.List;
+import static jdk.test.lib.Asserts.*;
+
+public class UnsafeTest {
+    static final Unsafe U = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Value1 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Point point;
+        Point[] array;
+        Value1(Point p, Point... points) {
+            this.point = p;
+            this.array = points;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Value2 {
+        int i;
+        @NullRestricted
+        Value1 v1;
+
+        Value2(Value1 v, int i) {
+            this.v1 = v;
+            this.i = i;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Value3 {
+        Object o;
+        @NullRestricted
+        Value2 v2;
+
+        Value3(Value2 v, Object ref) {
+            this.v2 = v;
+            this.o = ref;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static void test0() throws Throwable {
+        printValueClass(Value3.class, 0);
+
+        Value1 v1 = new Value1(new Point(10,10), new Point(20,20), new Point(30,30));
+        Value2 v2 = new Value2(v1, 20);
+        Value3 v3 = new Value3(v2, List.of("Value3"));
+        long off_o = U.objectFieldOffset(Value3.class, "o");
+        long off_v2 = U.objectFieldOffset(Value3.class, "v2");
+        long off_i = U.objectFieldOffset(Value2.class, "i");
+        long off_v1 = U.objectFieldOffset(Value2.class, "v1");
+
+        long off_point = U.objectFieldOffset(Value1.class, "point");
+        int layout_point = U.fieldLayout(Value1.class.getDeclaredField("point"));
+
+        List<String> list = List.of("Value1", "Value2", "Value3");
+        Value3 v;
+        Value3[] array = (Value3[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Value3.class, 1, v3);
+        try {
+            long baseOff = U.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array) - U.valueHeaderSize(Value3.class);
+            // patch v3.o
+            U.putReference(array, baseOff + off_o, list);
+            // patch v3.v2.i;
+            U.putInt(array, baseOff + off_v2 + off_i - U.valueHeaderSize(Value2.class), 999);
+            // patch v3.v2.v1.point
+            U.putFlatValue(array, baseOff + off_v2 + off_v1 - U.valueHeaderSize(Value2.class) + off_point - U.valueHeaderSize(Value1.class),
+                           layout_point, Point.class, new Point(100, 100));
+        } finally {
+            v = array[0];
+        }
+
+        assertEquals(v.v2.v1.point, new Point(100, 100));
+        assertEquals(v.v2.i, 999);
+        assertEquals(v.o, list);
+        assertEquals(v.v2.v1.array, v1.array);
+
+        Value1 nv1 = new Value1(new Point(70,70), new Point(80,80), new Point(90,90));
+        Value2 nv2 = new Value2(nv1, 100);
+        Value3 nv3 = new Value3(nv2, list);
+
+        int layout_v2 = U.fieldLayout(Value3.class.getDeclaredField("v2"));
+
+        array = (Value3[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Value3.class, 1, v);
+        try {
+            long baseOff = U.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array) - U.valueHeaderSize(Value3.class);
+            // patch v3.v2
+            U.putFlatValue(array, baseOff + off_v2, layout_v2, Value2.class, nv2);
+        } finally {
+            v = array[0];
+        }
+        assertEquals(v, nv3);
+    }
+
+    static void printValueClass(Class<?> vc, int level) {
+        String indent = "";
+        for (int i=0; i < level; i++) {
+            indent += "  ";
+        }
+        System.out.format("%s%s header size %d%n", indent, vc, U.valueHeaderSize(vc));
+        for (Field f : vc.getDeclaredFields()) {
+            System.out.format("%s%s: %s%s offset %d%n", indent, f.getName(),
+                              U.isFlatField(f) ? "flattened " : "", f.getType(),
+                              U.objectFieldOffset(vc, f.getName()));
+            if (U.isFlatField(f)) {
+                printValueClass(f.getType(), level+1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Requires -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening
+    static value class MyValue0 {
+        int val;
+
+        public MyValue0(int i) {
+            val = i;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Container0 {
+        MyValue0 v;
+    }
+
+    public static void test1() throws Throwable {
+        Container0 c = new Container0();
+        Class<?> cc = Container0.class;
+        Field[] fields = cc.getDeclaredFields();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(fields.length, 1);
+        Field f = fields[0];
+        System.out.println("Field found: " + f);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(U.isFlatField(f));
+        Asserts.assertTrue(U.hasNullMarker(f));
+        int nmOffset = U.nullMarkerOffset(f);
+        Asserts.assertNotEquals(nmOffset, -1);
+        byte nm = U.getByte(c, nmOffset);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(nm, (byte)0);
+        c.v = new MyValue0(42);
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(c.v);
+        nm = U.getByte(c, nmOffset);
+        Asserts.assertNotEquals(nm, 0);
+        U.getAndSetByteRelease(c, nmOffset, (byte)0);
+        Asserts.assertNull(c.v);
+    }
+
+    static value record E() {}
+
+    static value record B(byte b) {}
+
+    static value record BC(@NullRestricted B b) {}
+
+    static value record BBC(@NullRestricted B b1, @NullRestricted B b2) {}
+
+    static value record BBCEBCC(@NullRestricted BBC bbc, @NullRestricted E e, @NullRestricted BC bc) {}
+
+    public static void test2() throws Throwable {
+        printValueClass(BBCEBCC.class, 0);
+
+        final B b1_def = new B((byte)0);
+        final B b2_def = new B((byte)0);
+        final BBC bbc_def = new BBC(b1_def, b2_def);
+        final E e_def = new E();
+        final B b3_def = new B((byte)0);
+        final BC bc_def = new BC(b3_def);
+        final BBCEBCC bbcebcc_def = new BBCEBCC(bbc_def, e_def, bc_def);
+
+        final B b1 = new B((byte)1);
+        final B b2 = new B((byte)2);
+        final BBC bbc = new BBC(b1, b2);
+        final E e = new E();
+        final B b3 = new B((byte)3);
+        final BC bc = new BC(b3);
+        final BBCEBCC bbcebcc = new BBCEBCC(bbc, e, bc);
+
+        final long bc_header_size = U.valueHeaderSize(BC.class);
+        final long bc_b_payload_offset = U.objectFieldOffset(BC.class, "b") - bc_header_size;
+        final int bc_b_layout = U.fieldLayout(BC.class.getDeclaredField("b"));
+
+        final long bbc_header_size = U.valueHeaderSize(BBC.class);
+        final long bbc_b1_payload_offset = U.objectFieldOffset(BBC.class, "b1") - bbc_header_size;
+        final long bbc_b2_payload_offset = U.objectFieldOffset(BBC.class, "b2") - bbc_header_size;
+        final int bbc_b1_layout = U.fieldLayout(BBC.class.getDeclaredField("b1"));
+        final int bbc_b2_layout = U.fieldLayout(BBC.class.getDeclaredField("b2"));
+
+        final long bbcebcc_header_size = U.valueHeaderSize(BBCEBCC.class);
+        final long bbcebcc_bbc_payload_offset = U.objectFieldOffset(BBCEBCC.class, "bbc") - bbcebcc_header_size;
+        final long bbcebcc_e_payload_offset = U.objectFieldOffset(BBCEBCC.class, "e") - bbcebcc_header_size;
+        final long bbcebcc_bc_payload_offset = U.objectFieldOffset(BBCEBCC.class, "bc") - bbcebcc_header_size;
+        final int bbcebcc_bbc_layout = U.fieldLayout(BBCEBCC.class.getDeclaredField("bbc"));
+        final int bbcebcc_e_layout = U.fieldLayout(BBCEBCC.class.getDeclaredField("e"));
+        final int bbcebcc_bc_layout = U.fieldLayout(BBCEBCC.class.getDeclaredField("bc"));
+
+        final Consumer<BBCEBCC> assertEqualDef = (value) -> {
+            assertEquals(value, bbcebcc_def);
+            assertEquals(value.bbc, bbc_def);
+            assertEquals(value.bbc.b1, b1_def);
+            assertEquals(value.bbc.b1.b, (byte)0);
+            assertEquals(value.bbc.b2, b2_def);
+            assertEquals(value.bbc.b2.b, (byte)0);
+            assertEquals(value.e, e_def);
+            assertEquals(value.bc, bc_def);
+            assertEquals(value.bc.b, b3_def);
+            assertEquals(value.bc.b.b, (byte)0);
+        };
+
+        final Consumer<BBCEBCC> assertEqualNew = (value) -> {
+            assertEquals(value, bbcebcc);
+            assertEquals(value.bbc, bbc);
+            assertEquals(value.bbc.b1, b1);
+            assertEquals(value.bbc.b1.b, (byte)1);
+            assertEquals(value.bbc.b2, b2);
+            assertEquals(value.bbc.b2.b, (byte)2);
+            assertEquals(value.e, e);
+            assertEquals(value.bc, bc);
+            assertEquals(value.bc.b, b3);
+            assertEquals(value.bc.b.b, (byte)3);
+        };
+
+        final Supplier<BBCEBCC[]> getConstructionArray = () -> {
+            BBCEBCC[] array = (BBCEBCC[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(BBCEBCC.class, 1, bbcebcc_def);
+            assertTrue(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array));
+            return array;
+        };
+
+        {
+            final BBCEBCC[] array = getConstructionArray.get();
+
+            assertEqualDef.accept(array[0]);
+
+            final long base_offset = U.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array);
+            final int array_layout = U.arrayLayout(array);
+            // patch array[0]
+            U.putFlatValue(array, base_offset, array_layout, BBCEBCC.class, bbcebcc);
+
+            assertEqualNew.accept(array[0]);
+        }
+
+        {
+            final BBCEBCC[] array = getConstructionArray.get();
+
+            assertEqualDef.accept(array[0]);
+
+            final long base_offset = U.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array);
+
+            // patch BBCEBCC.bbc
+            final long array_bbc_offset = base_offset + bbcebcc_bbc_payload_offset;
+            U.putFlatValue(array, array_bbc_offset, bbcebcc_bbc_layout, BBC.class, bbc);
+            // patch BBCEBCC.e
+            final long array_e_offset = base_offset + bbcebcc_e_payload_offset;
+            U.putFlatValue(array, array_e_offset, bbcebcc_e_layout, E.class, e);
+            // patch BBCEBCC.bc
+            final long array_bc_offset = base_offset + bbcebcc_bc_payload_offset;
+            U.putFlatValue(array, array_bc_offset, bbcebcc_bc_layout, BC.class, bc);
+
+            assertEqualNew.accept(array[0]);
+        }
+
+        {
+            final BBCEBCC[] array = getConstructionArray.get();
+
+            assertEqualDef.accept(array[0]);
+
+            final long base_offset = U.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array);
+
+            final long array_bbc_offset = base_offset + bbcebcc_bbc_payload_offset;
+            // patch BBCEBCC.bbc.b1
+            final long array_bbc_b1_offset = array_bbc_offset + bbc_b1_payload_offset;
+            U.putFlatValue(array, array_bbc_b1_offset, bbc_b1_layout, B.class, b1);
+            // patch BBCEBCC.bbc.b2
+            final long array_bbc_b2_offset = array_bbc_offset + bbc_b2_payload_offset;
+            U.putFlatValue(array, array_bbc_b2_offset, bbc_b2_layout, B.class, b2);
+            // patch BBCEBCC.e
+            final long array_e_offset = base_offset + bbcebcc_e_payload_offset;
+            U.putFlatValue(array, array_e_offset, bbcebcc_e_layout, E.class, e);
+            // patch BBCEBCC.bc.b
+            final long array_bc_offset = base_offset + bbcebcc_bc_payload_offset;
+            final long array_bc_b_offset = array_bc_offset + bc_b_payload_offset;
+            U.putFlatValue(array, array_bc_b_offset, bc_b_layout, B.class, b3);
+
+            assertEqualNew.accept(array[0]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class TestValue1  {
+        short s0,s1;
+
+        TestValue1() {
+            s0 = 0;
+            s1 = 0;
+        }
+
+        TestValue1(short v0, short v1) {
+            s0 = v0;
+            s1 = v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Container1 {
+        TestValue1 value;
+    }
+
+    // Testing of nullable flat field supports in Unsafe.getFlatValue()/Unsafe.putFlatValue()
+    public static void testNullableFlatFields() throws Throwable {
+        Container1 c = new Container1();
+        Class<?> cc = Container1.class;
+        Field field = cc.getDeclaredField("value");
+        Class<?> fc = TestValue1.class;
+        long offset = U.objectFieldOffset(field);
+        int layoutKind = U.fieldLayout(field);
+        if (!U.isFlatField(field)) return; // Field not flattened (due to VM flags?), test doesn't apply
+        // Initial value of the field must be null
+        Asserts.assertNull(U.getFlatValue(c, offset, layoutKind, fc));
+        // Writing all zero value to the field, field must become non-null
+        TestValue1 val0 = new TestValue1((short)0, (short)0);
+        U.putFlatValue(c, offset, layoutKind, fc, val0);
+        TestValue1 rval = U.getFlatValue(c, offset, layoutKind, fc);
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(rval);
+        Asserts.assertEQ((short)0, rval.s0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ((short)0, rval.s1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ((short)0, c.value.s0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ((short)0, c.value.s1);
+        // Writing null to the field, field must become null again
+        U.putFlatValue(c, offset, layoutKind, fc, null);
+        Asserts.assertNull(U.getFlatValue(c, offset, layoutKind, fc));
+        Asserts.assertNull(c.value);
+        // Writing non zero value to the field
+        TestValue1 val1 = new TestValue1((short)-1, (short)-2);
+        U.putFlatValue(c, offset, layoutKind, fc, val1);
+        rval = U.getFlatValue(c, offset, layoutKind, fc);
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(rval);
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(c.value);
+        Asserts.assertEQ((short)-1, rval.s0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ((short)-2, rval.s1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ((short)-1, c.value.s0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ((short)-2, c.value.s1);
+        // Writing a different non zero value
+        TestValue1 val2 = new TestValue1((short)Short.MAX_VALUE, (short)3);
+        U.putFlatValue(c, offset, layoutKind, fc, val2);
+        rval = U.getFlatValue(c, offset, layoutKind, fc);
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(rval);
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(c.value);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(Short.MAX_VALUE, c.value.s0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ((short)3, rval.s1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(Short.MAX_VALUE, c.value.s0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ((short)3, rval.s1);
+    }
+
+    // Testing of nullable flat arrays supports in Unsafe.getFlatValue()/Unsafe.putFlatValue()
+    public static void testNullableFlatArrays() throws Throwable {
+        final int ARRAY_LENGTH = 10;
+        TestValue1[] array = (TestValue1[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(TestValue1.class, ARRAY_LENGTH);
+        long baseOffset = U.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array);
+        int scaleIndex = U.arrayInstanceIndexScale(array);
+        int layoutKind = U.arrayLayout(array);
+        for (int i = 0; i < ARRAY_LENGTH; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertNull(U.getFlatValue(array, baseOffset + i * scaleIndex, layoutKind, TestValue1.class));
+        }
+        TestValue1 val = new TestValue1((short)0, (short)0);
+        for (int i = 0; i < ARRAY_LENGTH; i++) {
+            if (i % 2 == 0) {
+                U.putFlatValue(array, baseOffset + i * scaleIndex, layoutKind, TestValue1.class, val );
+            }
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < ARRAY_LENGTH; i++) {
+            if (i % 2 == 0) {
+                Asserts.assertNotNull(U.getFlatValue(array, baseOffset + i * scaleIndex, layoutKind, TestValue1.class));
+                Asserts.assertNotNull(array[i]);
+            } else {
+                Asserts.assertNull(U.getFlatValue(array, baseOffset + i * scaleIndex, layoutKind, TestValue1.class));
+                Asserts.assertNull(array[i]);
+            }
+        }
+        TestValue1 val2 = new TestValue1((short)Short.MAX_VALUE, (short)Short.MIN_VALUE);
+        for (int i = 0; i < ARRAY_LENGTH; i++) {
+            if (i % 2 != 0) {
+                U.putFlatValue(array, baseOffset + i * scaleIndex, layoutKind, TestValue1.class, val2 );
+            } else {
+                U.putFlatValue(array, baseOffset + i * scaleIndex, layoutKind, TestValue1.class, null );
+            }
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < ARRAY_LENGTH; i++) {
+            if (i % 2 != 0) {
+                TestValue1 rval = U.getFlatValue(array, baseOffset + i * scaleIndex, layoutKind, TestValue1.class);
+                Asserts.assertNotNull(rval);
+                Asserts.assertEQ(val2.s0, rval.s0);
+                Asserts.assertEQ(val2.s1, rval.s1);
+                Asserts.assertNotNull(array[i]);
+                Asserts.assertEQ(val2.s0, array[i].s0);
+                Asserts.assertEQ(val2.s1, array[i].s1);
+            } else {
+                Asserts.assertNull(U.getFlatValue(array, baseOffset + i * scaleIndex, layoutKind, TestValue1.class));
+                Asserts.assertNull(array[i]);
+            }
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < ARRAY_LENGTH; i++) {
+            U.putFlatValue(array, baseOffset + i * scaleIndex, layoutKind, TestValue1.class, null );
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < ARRAY_LENGTH; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertNull(U.getFlatValue(array, baseOffset + i * scaleIndex, layoutKind, TestValue1.class));
+            Asserts.assertNull(array[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
+        test0();
+        test1();
+        test2();
+        testNullableFlatFields();
+        testNullableFlatArrays();
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ValueCopyingTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ValueCopyingTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3bf6d1c8ef5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ValueCopyingTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+ /**
+ * @test ValueCopyingTest
+ * @summary Verify that interpreter doesn't tear up primitive fields when copying a value
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile ValueCopyingTest.java
+ * @run main/othervm -Xint -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+PrintInlineLayout runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ValueCopyingTest
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class ValueCopyingTest {
+
+  static final int NUM_WORKERS = 16;
+
+  static ValueCopyingTest target = new ValueCopyingTest();
+
+  public ValueCopyingTest() {
+      tv = new TestValue(0);
+      super();
+  }
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class TestValue {
+    int i;
+    byte b;
+    TestValue(int i0) {
+      i = i0;
+      b = 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  @NullRestricted
+  TestValue tv;
+
+  static class Worker implements Runnable {
+    int i;
+    TestValue v;
+    Worker(byte b) {
+      i = b | (b << 8) | (b << 16) | (b << 24);
+      v = new TestValue(i);
+    }
+
+    static void checkValue(int i) {
+      byte b = (byte)(i & 0xFF);
+      Asserts.assertTrue(((i >> 8) & 0xFF) == b, "Tearing detected");
+      Asserts.assertTrue(((i >> 16) & 0xFF) == b, "Tearing detected");
+      Asserts.assertTrue(((i >> 24) & 0xFF) == b, "Tearing detected");
+    }
+
+    public void run() {
+      for (int n = 0; n < 10000000; n++) {
+        ValueCopyingTest.target.tv = v;
+        int ri = ValueCopyingTest.target.tv.i;
+        checkValue(ri);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  static public void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
+    Thread[] workers = new Thread[NUM_WORKERS];
+    for (int i = 0; i < NUM_WORKERS; i++) {
+      workers[i] = new Thread(new Worker((byte)i));
+    }
+    for (int i = 0; i < NUM_WORKERS; i++) {
+      workers[i].start();
+    }
+    try {
+      for (int i = 0; i < NUM_WORKERS; i++) {
+        workers[i].join();
+      }
+    } catch(InterruptedException e) {
+      e.printStackTrace();
+      throw e;
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ValuePreloadClient0.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ValuePreloadClient0.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..44925f76db0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ValuePreloadClient0.java
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+public class ValuePreloadClient0 {
+    PreloadValue0 value;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        System.out.print("Success");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ValuePreloadClient1.jcod b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ValuePreloadClient1.jcod
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5036a8a7022
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ValuePreloadClient1.jcod
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+// The test class is based in the Java source code below, but the constant
+// pool entry #33 (used by the Preload attribute) has been modified to
+// contain the name of a non-existing class.
+//
+// public class ValuePreloadClient1 {
+//     PreloadValue0 value;
+//
+//     public static void main(String[] args) {
+//         System.out.print("Success");
+//     }
+// }
+
+ class ValuePreloadClient1 {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  0; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    Field #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #12; // #9
+    Utf8 "java/lang/System"; // #10
+    Utf8 "out"; // #11
+    Utf8 "Ljava/io/PrintStream;"; // #12
+    String #14; // #13
+    Utf8 "Success"; // #14
+    Method #16 #17; // #15
+    class #18; // #16
+    NameAndType #19 #20; // #17
+    Utf8 "java/io/PrintStream"; // #18
+    Utf8 "print"; // #19
+    Utf8 "(Ljava/lang/String;)V"; // #20
+    class #22; // #21
+    Utf8 "ValuePreloadClient1"; // #22
+    Utf8 "value"; // #23
+    Utf8 "LPreloadValue0;"; // #24
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #25
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #26
+    Utf8 "main"; // #27
+    Utf8 "([Ljava/lang/String;)V"; // #28
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #29
+    Utf8 "ValuePreloadClient1.java"; // #30
+    Utf8 "LoadableDescriptors"; // #31
+    Utf8 "LPreloadValue1;"; // #32
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0021; // access
+  #21;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+    {  // field
+      0x0000; // access
+      #23; // name_index
+      #24; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#25) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#26) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  1;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0009; // access
+      #27; // name_index
+      #28; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#25) { // Code
+          2; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0xB20007120DB6000F;
+            0xB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#26) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  5;
+                8  6;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#29) { // SourceFile
+      #30;
+    } // end SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#31) { // LoadableDescriptors
+      0x00010020;
+    } // end LoadableDescriptors
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class ValuePreloadClient1
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ValuePreloadTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ValuePreloadTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..af4a30c4782
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ValuePreloadTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test ValuePreloadTest
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile ValuePreloadClient0.java PreloadValue0.java ValuePreloadClient1.jcod PreloadShared.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ValuePreloadTest
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+
+public class ValuePreloadTest {
+
+    static ProcessBuilder exec(String... args) throws Exception {
+        List<String> argsList = new ArrayList<>();
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "--enable-preview");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-Dtest.class.path=" + System.getProperty("test.class.path", "."));
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, args);
+        return ProcessTools.createTestJavaProcessBuilder(argsList);
+    }
+
+    static void checkFor(ProcessBuilder pb, String expected) throws Exception {
+        OutputAnalyzer out = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+        out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+        out.shouldContain(expected);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        ProcessBuilder pb = exec("-Xlog:class+preload","ValuePreloadClient0");
+        checkFor(pb, "[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadValue0 during loading of class ValuePreloadClient0. Cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute");
+
+        pb = exec("-Xlog:class+preload","ValuePreloadClient1");
+        checkFor(pb, "[info][class,preload] Preloading of class PreloadValue1 during linking of class ValuePreloadClient1 (cause: LoadableDescriptors attribute) failed");
+
+        pb = exec("-Xlog:class+preload", "PreloadShared");
+        // Class java/time/LocalDate is already preloaded, so the LoadableDescriptor attribute does not trigger it
+        // to be loaded from the shared archive.
+        // checkFor(pb, "[info][class,preload] Preloading of class java/time/LocalDate during loading of shared class java/time/LocalDateTime (cause: field type in LoadableDescriptors attribute) succeeded");
+        checkFor(pb, "[info][class,preload] Preloading of class java/time/LocalDateTime during linking of class PreloadShared (cause: LoadableDescriptors attribute) succeeded");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ValueTearing.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ValueTearing.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1cb9dc1b790
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ValueTearing.java
@@ -0,0 +1,363 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.function.Supplier;
+
+import javax.swing.LayoutFocusTraversalPolicy;
+
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+import static jdk.test.lib.Asserts.*;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @ignore
+ * @summary Test tearing of inline fields and array elements
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile ValueTearing.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:ForceNonTearable=
+ *                   -DSTEP_COUNT=10000 -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ValueTearing
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @ignore
+ * @summary Test tearing of inline fields and array elements
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile ValueTearing.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:ForceNonTearable=*
+ *                   -DSTEP_COUNT=10000 -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ValueTearing
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @ignore
+ * @summary Test tearing of inline fields and array elements
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile ValueTearing.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -DSTEP_COUNT=10000000 -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ValueTearing
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @ignore
+ * @summary Test tearing of inline fields and array elements
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile ValueTearing.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:ForceNonTearable=
+ *                   -DTEAR_MODE=fieldonly -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ValueTearing
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @ignore
+ * @summary Test tearing of inline fields and array elements
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile ValueTearing.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:ForceNonTearable=
+ *                   -DTEAR_MODE=arrayonly -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ValueTearing
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @ignore
+ * @summary Test tearing of inline fields and array elements
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile ValueTearing.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:ForceNonTearable=*
+ *                   -DTEAR_MODE=both -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
+ *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ValueTearing
+ */
+
+public class ValueTearing {
+    private static final Unsafe UNSAFE = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
+    private static final WhiteBox WHITE_BOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+    private static final boolean USE_COMPILER = WHITE_BOX.getBooleanVMFlag("UseCompiler");
+    private static final boolean ALWAYS_ATOMIC = WHITE_BOX.getStringVMFlag("ForceNonTearable").contains("*");
+    private static final String TEAR_MODE = System.getProperty("TEAR_MODE", "both");
+    private static final boolean TEAR_FIELD = !TEAR_MODE.equals("arrayonly");
+    private static final boolean TEAR_ARRAY = !TEAR_MODE.equals("fieldonly");
+    private static final int STEP_COUNT = Integer.getInteger("STEP_COUNT", 100_000);
+    private static final boolean TFIELD_FLAT, TARRAY_FLAT;
+    private static final boolean NTFIELD_FLAT, NTARRAY_FLAT;
+    static {
+        try {
+            Field TPB_field = TPointBox.class.getDeclaredField("field");
+            Field TPB_array = TPointBox.class.getDeclaredField("array");
+            Field NTPB_field = NTPointBox.class.getDeclaredField("field");
+            Field NTPB_array = NTPointBox.class.getDeclaredField("array");
+            TFIELD_FLAT = UNSAFE.isFlatField(TPB_field);
+            TARRAY_FLAT = UNSAFE.isFlatArray(TPB_array.getType());
+            NTFIELD_FLAT = UNSAFE.isFlatField(NTPB_field);
+            NTARRAY_FLAT = UNSAFE.isFlatArray(NTPB_array.getType());
+        } catch (ReflectiveOperationException ex) {
+            throw new AssertionError(ex);
+        }
+    }
+    private static final String SETTINGS =
+        String.format("USE_COMPILER=%s ALWAYS_ATOMIC=%s TEAR_MODE=%s STEP_COUNT=%s FLAT TF/TA=%s/%s NTF/NTA=%s/%s",
+                      USE_COMPILER, ALWAYS_ATOMIC, TEAR_MODE, STEP_COUNT,
+                      TFIELD_FLAT, TARRAY_FLAT, NTFIELD_FLAT, NTARRAY_FLAT);
+    private static final String NOTE_TORN_POINT = "Note: torn point";
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        System.out.println(SETTINGS);
+        ValueTearing valueTearing = new ValueTearing();
+        valueTearing.run();
+        // Extra representation check:
+        assert(!NTFIELD_FLAT) : "NT field must be indirect not flat";
+        assert(!NTARRAY_FLAT) : "NT array must be indirect not flat";
+        if (ALWAYS_ATOMIC) {
+            assert(!TFIELD_FLAT) : "field must be indirect not flat";
+            assert(!TARRAY_FLAT) : "array must be indirect not flat";
+        }
+    }
+
+    // A tearable value.
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class TPoint {
+        TPoint(long x, long y) { this.x = x; this.y = y; }
+        final long x, y;
+        public String toString() { return String.format("(%d,%d)", x, y); }
+    }
+
+    static class TooTearable extends AssertionError {
+        final Object badPoint;
+        TooTearable(String msg, Object badPoint) {
+            super(msg);
+            this.badPoint = badPoint;
+        }
+    }
+
+    interface PointBox {
+        void step();    // mutate inline value state
+        void check();   // check sanity of inline value state
+    }
+
+    class TPointBox implements PointBox {
+        @NullRestricted
+        TPoint field = new TPoint(0, 0);
+        TPoint[] array = (TPoint[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(TPoint.class, 1, new TPoint(0, 0));
+        // Step the points forward by incrementing their components
+        // "simultaneously".  A racing thread will catch flaws in the
+        // simultaneity.
+        TPoint step(TPoint p) {
+            return new TPoint(p.x + 1, p.y + 1);
+        }
+        public @Override
+        void step() {
+            if (TEAR_FIELD) {
+                field = step(field);
+            }
+            if (TEAR_ARRAY) {
+                array[0] = step(array[0]);
+            }
+            check();
+        }
+        // Invariant:  The components of each point are "always" equal.
+        // As long as simultaneity is preserved, this is true.
+        public @Override
+        void check() {
+            if (TEAR_FIELD) {
+                check(field, "field");
+            }
+            if (TEAR_ARRAY) {
+                check(array[0], "array element");
+            }
+        }
+        void check(TPoint p, String where) {
+            if (p.x == p.y)  return;
+            String msg = String.format("%s %s in %s; settings = %s",
+                                       NOTE_TORN_POINT,
+                                       p, where, SETTINGS);
+            throw new TooTearable(msg, p);
+        }
+        public String toString() {
+            return String.format("TPB[%s, {%s}]", field, array[0]);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    // A non-tearable version of TPoint.
+    static value class NTPoint {
+        NTPoint(long x, long y) { this.x = x; this.y = y; }
+        final long x, y;
+        public String toString() { return String.format("(%d,%d)", x, y); }
+    }
+
+    class NTPointBox implements PointBox {
+        @NullRestricted
+        NTPoint field = new NTPoint(0, 0);
+        NTPoint[] array = (NTPoint[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(NTPoint.class, 1, new NTPoint(0, 0));
+        // Step the points forward by incrementing their components
+        // "simultaneously".  A racing thread will catch flaws in the
+        // simultaneity.
+        NTPoint step(NTPoint p) {
+            return new NTPoint(p.x + 1, p.y + 1);
+        }
+        public @Override
+        void step() {
+            field = step(field);
+            array[0] = step(array[0]);
+            check();
+        }
+        // Invariant:  The components of each point are "always" equal.
+        public @Override
+        void check() {
+            check(field, "field");
+            check(array[0], "array element");
+        }
+        void check(NTPoint p, String where) {
+            if (p.x == p.y)  return;
+            String msg = String.format("%s *NonTearable* %s in %s; settings = %s",
+                                       NOTE_TORN_POINT,
+                                       p, where, SETTINGS);
+            throw new TooTearable(msg, p);
+        }
+        public String toString() {
+            return String.format("NTPB[%s, {%s}]", field, array[0]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    class AsyncObserver extends Thread {
+        volatile boolean done;
+        long observationCount;
+        final PointBox pointBox;
+        volatile Object badPointObserved;
+        AsyncObserver(PointBox pointBox) {
+            this.pointBox = pointBox;
+        }
+        public void run() {
+            try {
+                while (!done) {
+                    observationCount++;
+                    pointBox.check();
+                }
+            } catch (TooTearable ex) {
+                done = true;
+                badPointObserved = ex.badPoint;
+                System.out.println(ex);
+                if (ALWAYS_ATOMIC || !badPointObserved.getClass().isAnnotationPresent(LooselyConsistentValue.class)) {
+                    throw ex;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void run() throws Exception {
+        System.out.println("Test for tearing of NTPoint, which must not happen...");
+        run(new NTPointBox(), false);
+        System.out.println("Test for tearing of TPoint, which "+
+                           (ALWAYS_ATOMIC ? "must not" : "is allowed to")+
+                           " happen...");
+        run(new TPointBox(), ALWAYS_ATOMIC ? false : true);
+    }
+    public void run(PointBox pointBox, boolean canTear) throws Exception {
+        var observer = new AsyncObserver(pointBox);
+        observer.start();
+        for (int i = 0; i < STEP_COUNT; i++) {
+            pointBox.step();
+            if (observer.done)  break;
+        }
+        observer.done = true;
+        observer.join();
+        var obCount = observer.observationCount;
+        var badPoint = observer.badPointObserved;
+        System.out.println(String.format("finished after %d observations at %s; %s",
+                                         obCount, pointBox,
+                                         (badPoint == null
+                                          ? "no tearing observed"
+                                          : "bad point = " + badPoint)));
+        if (canTear && badPoint == null) {
+            var complain = String.format("%s NOT observed after %d observations",
+                                         NOTE_TORN_POINT, obCount);
+            System.out.println("?????? "+complain);
+            if (STEP_COUNT >= 3_000_000) {
+                // If it's a small count, OK, but if it's big the test is broken.
+                throw new AssertionError(complain + ", but it should have been");
+            }
+        }
+        if (!canTear && badPoint != null) {
+            throw new AssertionError("should not reach here; other thread must throw");
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/VarArgsArray.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/VarArgsArray.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b088f2d472a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/VarArgsArray.java
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.*;
+import static jdk.test.lib.Asserts.*;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+/*
+ * @test VarArgsArray
+ * @summary Test if JVM API using varargs work with inline type arrays
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile VarArgsArray.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.VarArgsArray
+ */
+
+@LooselyConsistentValue
+value class IntValue {
+    int val;
+    public IntValue()       { this(0); }
+    public IntValue(int v)  { val = v; }
+    public int getInt()     { return val; }
+}
+
+
+class NewInstanceFromConstructor {
+
+    int value;
+    static int consCalls = 0;
+
+    public NewInstanceFromConstructor() {
+        this(0);
+    }
+
+    public NewInstanceFromConstructor(int v) {
+        value = v;
+        consCalls++;
+    }
+
+    public NewInstanceFromConstructor(IntValue v) {
+        this(v.getInt());
+    }
+
+    public NewInstanceFromConstructor(IntValue v1,
+                                      IntValue v2) {
+        this(v1.getInt() + v2.getInt());
+    }
+
+    public NewInstanceFromConstructor(IntValue v1,
+                                      String s) {
+        this(v1);
+        throw new RuntimeException(s);
+    }
+
+    public int getValue() { return value; }
+
+    public static int getConsCalls() { return consCalls; }
+}
+
+public class VarArgsArray {
+
+    static final int TOKEN_VALUE = 4711;
+
+    int methodACnt = 0;
+    int methodBCnt = 0;
+    int methodCCnt = 0;
+
+    public VarArgsArray() {
+    }
+
+    public void test() throws Throwable {
+        // test publicly accessable API in the VM...given an inline type array
+        testJvmInvokeMethod();
+        testJvmNewInstanceFromConstructor();
+    }
+
+    public void testJvmInvokeMethod() throws Throwable {
+        MyInt[] array0 = new MyInt[0];
+        MyInt[] array1 = new MyInt[] { new MyInt(TOKEN_VALUE) };
+        MyInt[] array2 = new MyInt[] { new MyInt(TOKEN_VALUE), new MyInt(TOKEN_VALUE) };
+
+        Method methodARef = getClass().getDeclaredMethod("methodA", MyInt.class);
+        Method methodBRef = getClass().getDeclaredMethod("methodB", MyInt.class, MyInt.class);
+        Method methodCRef = getClass().getDeclaredMethod("methodC", MyInt.class, String.class);
+
+        // Positive tests...
+        methodARef.invoke(this, (Object[])array1);
+        assertWithMsg(methodACnt == 1, "methodA did not invoke");
+
+        methodARef.invoke(this, array1[0]);
+        assertWithMsg(methodACnt == 2, "methodA did not invoke");
+
+        methodBRef.invoke(this, (Object[]) array2);
+        assertWithMsg(methodBCnt == 1, "methodB did not invoke");
+
+        methodBRef.invoke(this, array2[0], array2[1]);
+        assertWithMsg(methodBCnt == 2, "methodB did not invoke");
+
+        // Negative tests...
+        int argExCnt = 0;
+        try {
+            methodARef.invoke(this, (Object[]) array0);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Expected fail");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException argEx) { argExCnt++; }
+        try {
+            methodARef.invoke(this, (Object[]) array2);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Expected fail");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException argEx) { argExCnt++; }
+        try {
+            methodCRef.invoke(this, (Object[]) array2);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Expected fail");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException argEx) { argExCnt++; }
+        assertWithMsg(argExCnt == 3, "Did not see the correct number of exceptions");
+        assertWithMsg(methodACnt == 2, "methodA bad invoke count");
+        assertWithMsg(methodBCnt == 2, "methodB bad invoke count");
+        assertWithMsg(methodCCnt == 0, "methodC bad invoke count");
+    }
+
+    public void testJvmNewInstanceFromConstructor() throws Throwable {
+        // Inner classes use outer in param list, so these won't exercise inline type array
+        Class tc = NewInstanceFromConstructor.class;
+        Class pt = IntValue.class;
+        Constructor consARef = tc.getConstructor(pt);
+        Constructor consBRef = tc.getConstructor(pt, pt);
+        Constructor consCRef = tc.getConstructor(pt, String.class);
+        IntValue[] array0 = new IntValue[0];
+        IntValue[] array1 = new IntValue[] { new IntValue(TOKEN_VALUE) };
+        IntValue[] array2 = new IntValue[] { new IntValue(TOKEN_VALUE),
+                                             new IntValue(TOKEN_VALUE) };
+
+        // Positive tests...
+        consARef.newInstance((Object[])array1);
+        consARef.newInstance(array1[0]);
+        NewInstanceFromConstructor test = (NewInstanceFromConstructor)
+            consBRef.newInstance((Object[])array2);
+        assertWithMsg(test.getValue() == (2 * TOKEN_VALUE), "Param corrrupt");
+        consBRef.newInstance(array2[0], array2[1]);
+        assertWithMsg(NewInstanceFromConstructor.getConsCalls() == 4, "Constructor did not invoke");
+
+        // Negative tests...
+        int argExCnt = 0;
+        try {
+            consARef.newInstance((Object[])array0);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Expected fail");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException argEx) { argExCnt++; }
+        try {
+            consARef.newInstance((Object[])array2);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Expected fail");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException argEx) { argExCnt++; }
+        try {
+            consCRef.newInstance((Object[])array2);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Expected fail");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException argEx) { argExCnt++; }
+        assertWithMsg(argExCnt == 3, "Did not see the correct number of exceptions");
+        assertWithMsg(NewInstanceFromConstructor.getConsCalls() == 4, "Constructor should have been invoked");
+    }
+
+    public void methodA(MyInt a) {
+        assertWithMsg(a.value == TOKEN_VALUE, "Bad arg");
+        methodACnt++;
+    }
+
+    public void methodB(MyInt a, MyInt b) {
+        assertWithMsg(a.value == TOKEN_VALUE, "Bad arg");
+        assertWithMsg(b.value == TOKEN_VALUE, "Bad arg");
+        methodBCnt++;
+    }
+
+    public void methodC(MyInt a, String b) {
+        assertWithMsg(a.value == TOKEN_VALUE, "Bad arg");
+        methodCCnt++;
+    }
+
+    static void assertWithMsg(boolean expr, String msg) throws RuntimeException {
+        assertTrue(expr, msg);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
+        new VarArgsArray().test();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    value class MyInt {
+        int value;
+        public MyInt() { this(0); }
+        public MyInt(int v) { this.value = v; }
+    }
+
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/VolatileTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/VolatileTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..60ff3d5c3af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/VolatileTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+/*
+ * @test VolatileTest
+ * @summary check effect of volatile keyword on flattenable fields
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile VolatileTest.java
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseFieldFlattening runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.VolatileTest
+ */
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import java.lang.management.ManagementFactory;
+import java.lang.management.RuntimeMXBean;
+import java.lang.reflect.*;
+import java.util.List;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class VolatileTest {
+    static final Unsafe U = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
+    static boolean atomicLayoutEnabled;
+
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue {
+        int i = 0;
+        int j = 0;
+    }
+
+    static class MyContainer {
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue mv0;
+        @NullRestricted
+        volatile MyValue mv1;
+
+        MyContainer() {
+            mv0 = new MyValue();
+            mv1 = new MyValue();
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static public void main(String[] args) {
+        Class<?> c = MyContainer.class;
+        Field f0 = null;
+        Field f1 = null;
+        try {
+            f0 = c.getDeclaredField("mv0");
+            f1 = c.getDeclaredField("mv1");
+        } catch(NoSuchFieldException e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+            return;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertTrue(U.isFlatField(f0), "mv0 should be flattened");
+        Asserts.assertFalse(U.isFlatField(f1), "mv1 should not be flattened");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/WrappersOffsetTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/WrappersOffsetTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..963db88aea3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/WrappersOffsetTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * @test id=nf-na-nn
+ * @summary Test verification of wrappers classes' field offset with various layout
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-UseFieldFlattening -XX:-UseArrayFlattening -XX:-UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.WrappersOffsetTest
+ */
+
+ /*
+ * @test id=nf-na-n
+ * @summary Test verification of wrappers classes' field offset with various layout
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-UseFieldFlattening -XX:-UseArrayFlattening -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.WrappersOffsetTest
+ */
+
+ /*
+ * @test id=nf-a-nn
+ * @summary Test verification of wrappers classes' field offset with various layout
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-UseFieldFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening -XX:-UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.WrappersOffsetTest
+ */
+
+ /*
+ * @test id=f-na-nn
+ * @summary Test verification of wrappers classes' field offset with various layout
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:-UseArrayFlattening -XX:-UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.WrappersOffsetTest
+ */
+
+ /*
+ * @test id=f-na-n
+ * @summary Test verification of wrappers classes' field offset with various layout
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:-UseArrayFlattening -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.WrappersOffsetTest
+ */
+
+ /*
+ * @test id=nf-a-n
+ * @summary Test verification of wrappers classes' field offset with various layout
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-UseFieldFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.WrappersOffsetTest
+ */
+
+ /*
+ * @test id=f-a-nn
+ * @summary Test verification of wrappers classes' field offset with various layout
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening -XX:-UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.WrappersOffsetTest
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=f-a-n
+ * @summary Test verification of wrappers classes' field offset with various layout
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.WrappersOffsetTest
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+public class WrappersOffsetTest {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // The test just ensures that wrappers classes are loaded
+        // The verification code is inside the JVM (javaClasses.cpp)
+        // and is executed in VM debug builds
+        Boolean z = Boolean.valueOf(true);
+        Byte b = Byte.valueOf((byte)1);
+        Character c = Character.valueOf('c');
+        Short s = Short.valueOf((short)2);
+        Integer i = Integer.valueOf(3);
+        Float f = Float.valueOf(0.4f);
+        Long l = Long.valueOf(5L);
+        Double d = Double.valueOf(0.6);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classfileparser/IllegalFieldModifiers.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classfileparser/IllegalFieldModifiers.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4d6f9970d8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classfileparser/IllegalFieldModifiers.java
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary test that illegal field modifiers are detected correctly
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile fieldModifiersTest.jcod
+ * @run main/othervm -Xverify:remote runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.classfileparser.IllegalFieldModifiers
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.classfileparser;
+
+
+public class IllegalFieldModifiers {
+
+  public static void runTest(String test_name, String message) throws Exception {
+      System.out.println("Testing: " + test_name);
+      boolean gotException = false;
+      try {
+          Class newClass = Class.forName(test_name);
+      } catch (java.lang.ClassFormatError e) {
+          gotException = true;
+          if (!e.getMessage().contains(message)) {
+              throw new RuntimeException( "Wrong ClassFormatError: " + e.getMessage());
+          }
+      }
+      if (!gotException) {
+        throw new RuntimeException("Missing ClassFormatError in test " + test_name);
+      }
+  }
+
+  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+
+    // Test that ACC_FINAL with ACC_VOLATILE is illegal.
+    runTest("FinalAndVolatile", "Illegal field modifiers (fields cannot be final and volatile) in class FinalAndVolatile: 0x850");
+
+    // Test that ACC_STATIC with ACC_STRICT is illegal.
+    // runTest("StrictAndStatic", "Illegal field modifiers (field cannot be strict and static) in class StrictAndStatic: 0x808");
+
+    // Test that ACC_STRICT without ACC_FINAL is illegal.
+    // runTest("StrictNotFinal", "Illegal field modifiers (strict field must be final) in class StrictNotFinal: 0x800");
+
+    // Test that a concrete value class cannot have field without ACC_STATIC or ACC_STRICT
+    runTest("NotStaticNotStrict", "Illegal field modifiers (value class fields must be either non-static final and strict, or static) in class NotStaticNotStrict: 0x10");
+
+    // Test that an abstract value class cannot have field without ACC_STATIC or ACC_STRICT
+    runTest("NotStaticNotStrictInAbstract", "Illegal field modifiers (value class fields must be either non-static final and strict, or static) in class NotStaticNotStrictInAbstract: 0x10");
+
+  }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classfileparser/LDTest.jcod b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classfileparser/LDTest.jcod
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6349691d46f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classfileparser/LDTest.jcod
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+// This file contains a class file with an invalid entry in its
+// LoadableDescriptors attribute. The class file has been generated
+// from the source below with editing to the constant pool and
+// the LoadableDescriptors attribute.
+//
+//
+// import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+//
+//
+// public class LDTest {
+//     static value class Point {
+//         short s0, s1;
+// 	       Point(short sa, short sb) {
+// 	           s0 = sa;
+// 	           s1 = sb;
+// 	       }
+//    }
+//
+//     @NullRestricted
+//     Point p = new Point((short)0, (short)0);
+//
+//      public static void main(String[] args) {
+// 	        LDTest test = new LDTest();
+//      }
+// }
+
+
+class LDTest {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    class #2; // #1
+    Utf8 "LDTest$Point"; // #2
+    Method #1 #4; // #3
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "(SS)V"; // #6
+    Field #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #12; // #9
+    Utf8 "LDTest"; // #10
+    Utf8 "p"; // #11
+    Utf8 "LLDTest$Point;"; // #12
+    Method #14 #15; // #13
+    class #16; // #14
+    NameAndType #5 #17; // #15
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #16
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #17
+    Method #8 #15; // #18
+    Utf8 "RuntimeVisibleAnnotations"; // #19
+    Utf8 "Ljdk/internal/vm/annotation/NullRestricted;"; // #20
+    Utf8 "RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations"; // #21
+    Utf8 "Ljdk/internal/vm/annotation/Strict;"; // #22
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #23
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #24
+    Utf8 "main"; // #25
+    Utf8 "([Ljava/lang/String;)V"; // #26
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #27
+    Utf8 "LDTest.java"; // #28
+    Utf8 "NestMembers"; // #29
+    Utf8 "InnerClasses"; // #30
+    Utf8 "Point"; // #31
+    Utf8 "LoadableDescriptors"; // #32
+    Utf8 "[V"; // #33                        // <== new invalid descriptor
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0021; // access
+  #8;// this_cpx
+  #14;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+    {  // field
+      0x0800; // access
+      #11; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#19) { // RuntimeVisibleAnnotations
+          [] { // annotations
+            {  //  annotation
+              #20;
+              [] { // element_value_pairs
+              }  //  element_value_pairs
+            }  //  annotation
+          }
+        } // end RuntimeVisibleAnnotations
+        ;
+        Attr(#21) { // RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+          [] { // annotations
+            {  //  annotation
+              #22;
+              [] { // element_value_pairs
+              }  //  element_value_pairs
+            }  //  annotation
+          }
+        } // end RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #17; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#23) { // Code
+          5; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2ABB0001590303B7;
+            0x0003B500072AB700;
+            0x0DB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#24) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  14;
+                13  5;
+                17  14;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0009; // access
+      #25; // name_index
+      #26; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#23) { // Code
+          2; // max_stack
+          2; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0xBB000859B700124C;
+            0xB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#24) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  19;
+                8  20;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#27) { // SourceFile
+      #28;
+    } // end SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#29) { // NestMembers
+      [] { // classes
+        #1;
+      }
+    } // end NestMembers
+    ;
+    Attr(#30) { // InnerClasses
+      [] { // classes
+        #1 #8 #31 24;
+      }
+    } // end InnerClasses
+    ;
+    Attr(#32) { // LoadableDescriptors
+      0x00010021;                        // <== modified index to contant pool
+    } // end LoadableDescriptors
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class LDTest
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classfileparser/NullRestrictionWithoutPreview.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classfileparser/NullRestrictionWithoutPreview.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f5d28f98ee7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classfileparser/NullRestrictionWithoutPreview.java
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test NullRestricted appearance in non-preview class files
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile -source 25 NullRestrictionWithoutPreview.java
+ * @run main/othervm ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm --enable-preview ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.classfileparser;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+public class NullRestrictionWithoutPreview {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        try {
+            new NullRestrictionOffender();
+        } catch (ClassFormatError expected) {
+            if (!expected.getMessage().contains("NullRestrictionOffender.barField in non-preview class file")) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Wrong ClassFormatError: " + expected.getMessage());
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+        throw new RuntimeException("ClassFormatError expected");
+    }
+}
+
+class NullRestrictionOffender {
+    @NullRestricted
+    Integer barField;
+
+    NullRestrictionOffender() {
+        barField = 5;
+        super();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classfileparser/TestIllegalLoadableDescriptors.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classfileparser/TestIllegalLoadableDescriptors.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..73f74306939
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classfileparser/TestIllegalLoadableDescriptors.java
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary test a LoadableDescriptors attribute with an invalid entry
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile LDTest.jcod TestIllegalLoadableDescriptors.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.classfileparser.TestIllegalLoadableDescriptors
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.classfileparser;
+
+public class TestIllegalLoadableDescriptors {
+
+  public static void main(String[] args)  throws ClassNotFoundException {
+    boolean gotException = false;
+      try {
+          Class newClass = Class.forName("LDTest");
+      } catch (java.lang.ClassFormatError e) {
+          gotException = true;
+          if (!e.getMessage().contains("Descriptor from LoadableDescriptors attribute at index \"33\" in class LDTest has illegal signature \"[V")) {
+              throw new RuntimeException( "Wrong ClassFormatError: " + e.getMessage());
+          }
+      }
+      if (!gotException) {
+        throw new RuntimeException("Missing ClassFormatError");
+      }
+  }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classfileparser/ValueClassValidation.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classfileparser/ValueClassValidation.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d56663e2b31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classfileparser/ValueClassValidation.java
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary test validation of value classes
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile cfpValueClassValidation.jcod
+ * @run main/othervm -Xverify:remote runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.classfileparser.ValueClassValidation
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.classfileparser;
+
+import javax.management.RuntimeErrorException;
+
+public class ValueClassValidation {
+  public static void runTest(String test_name, String cfe_message, String icce_message) throws Exception {
+    System.out.println("Testing: " + test_name);
+    boolean gotException = false;
+    try {
+        Class newClass = Class.forName(test_name);
+    } catch (java.lang.ClassFormatError e) {
+      gotException = true;
+      if (cfe_message != null) {
+        if (!e.getMessage().contains(cfe_message)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException( "Wrong ClassFormatError: " + e.getMessage());
+        }
+      } else {
+        throw new RuntimeException( "Unexpected ClassFormatError: " + e.getMessage());
+      }
+    } catch (java.lang.IncompatibleClassChangeError e) {
+      gotException = true;
+      if (icce_message != null) {
+        if (!e.getMessage().contains(icce_message)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException( "Wrong IncompatibleClassChangeError: " + e.getMessage());
+        }
+      } else {
+        throw new RuntimeException( "Unexpected IncompatibleClassChangeError: " + e.getMessage());
+      }
+    }
+    if (!gotException) {
+      if (cfe_message != null) {
+        throw new RuntimeException("Missing ClassFormatError in test" + test_name);
+      } else if (icce_message != null) {
+        throw new RuntimeException("Missing IncompatibleClassChangeError in test" + test_name);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+
+    // Test none of ACC_ABSTRACT, ACC_FINAL or ACC_IDENTITY is illegal.
+    runTest("InvalidClassFlags", "Illegal class modifiers in class InvalidClassFlags", null);
+
+    // Test ACC_ABSTRACT without ACC_IDENTITY is legal
+    runTest("AbstractValue", null, null);
+
+    // Test ACC_FINAL without ACC_IDENTITY is legal
+    runTest("FinalValue", null, null);
+
+    // Test a concrete value class extending an abstract identity class
+    runTest("ValueClass", null, "Value type ValueClass has an identity type as supertype");
+
+    // Test a concrete identity class without ACC_IDENTITY but with an older class file version, extending an abstract identity class
+    // (Test that the VM fixes missing ACC_IDENTITY in old class files)
+    runTest("IdentityClass", null, null);
+
+    // Test a concrete value class extending a concrete (i.e. final) value class
+    runTest("ValueClass2", null, "class ValueClass2 cannot inherit from final class FinalValue");
+
+    // Test an abstract value class extending an abstract identity class
+    runTest("AbstractValueClass2", null, "Value type AbstractValueClass2 has an identity type as supertype");
+
+    // Test an abstract identity class without ACC_IDENTITY but with an older class file version, extending an abstract identity class
+    // (Test that the VM fixes missing ACC_IDENTITY in old class files)
+    runTest("AbstractIdentityClass2", null, null);
+
+    // Test an abstract value class extending a concrete (i.e. final) value class
+    runTest("AbstractValueClass3", null, "class AbstractValueClass3 cannot inherit from final class FinalValue");
+
+    //Test a concrete class without ACC_IDENTITY but with an older class file version, declaring a field without ACC_STATIC nor ACC_STRICT
+    // (Test that the VM fixes missing ACC_IDENTITY in old class files)
+    runTest("NotStaticNotStrictInOldClass", null, null);
+
+    // Test a concrete value class with a static synchronized method
+    runTest("StaticSynchMethod", null, null);
+
+    // Test a concrete value class with a non-static synchronized method
+    runTest("SynchMethod", "Method m in class SynchMethod (not an identity class) has illegal modifiers: 0x21", null);
+
+    // Test an abstract value class with a static synchronized method
+    runTest("StaticSynchMethodInAbstractValue", null, null);
+
+    // Test an abstract value class with a non-static synchronized method
+    runTest("SynchMethodInAbstractValue", "Method m in class SynchMethodInAbstractValue (not an identity class) has illegal modifiers: 0x21", null);
+
+    // Test a class with a primitive descriptor in its LoadableDescriptors attribute:
+    runTest("PrimitiveInLoadableDescriptors", null, null);
+  }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classfileparser/cfpValueClassValidation.jcod b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classfileparser/cfpValueClassValidation.jcod
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2221f697e11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classfileparser/cfpValueClassValidation.jcod
@@ -0,0 +1,1258 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+// Simple class generated from the following source:
+// public class SimpleClass { }
+// The jcod version has been altered to create a class without any of ACC_IDENTITY, ACC_ABSTRACT or ACC_FINAL flags,
+// which is illegal according to JVMS 4.1.
+
+class InvalidClassFlags {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    class #8; // #7
+    Utf8 "InvalidClassFlags"; // #8
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #9
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #10
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #11
+    Utf8 "InvalidClassFlags.java"; // #12
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0001; // access
+  #7;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#9) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#10) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  1;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#11) { // SourceFile
+      #12;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class InvalidClassFlags
+
+// Valid class with access flags ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_ABSTRACT and no ACC_IDENTITY
+class AbstractValue {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    class #8; // #7
+    Utf8 "AbstractValue"; // #8
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #9
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #10
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #11
+    Utf8 "AbstractValue.java"; // #12
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0401; // access
+  #7;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#9) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#10) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  1;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#11) { // SourceFile
+      #12;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class AbstractValue
+
+// Valid class with access flags ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_FINAL and no ACC_IDENTITY
+class FinalValue {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    class #8; // #7
+    Utf8 "FinalValue"; // #8
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #9
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #10
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #11
+    Utf8 "FinalValue.java"; // #12
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0011; // access
+  #7;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#9) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#10) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  1;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#11) { // SourceFile
+      #12;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class FinalValue
+
+// Abstract class with ACC_IDENTITY flag added to its access flags
+class AbstractClass {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    class #8; // #7
+    Utf8 "AbstractClass"; // #8
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #9
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #10
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #11
+    Utf8 "AbstractClass.java"; // #12
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0421; // access
+  #7;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#9) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#10) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  1;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#11) { // SourceFile
+      #12;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class AbstractClass
+
+// Value class extending the abstract (with identity) class define above
+class ValueClass {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "AbstractClass"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    class #8; // #7
+    Utf8 "ValueClass"; // #8
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #9
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #10
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #11
+    Utf8 "ValueClass.java"; // #12
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0011; // access
+  #7;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#9) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#10) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  1;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#11) { // SourceFile
+      #12;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class ValueClass
+
+// Concrete identity class from old class file without ACC_IDENTITY extending the abstract (with identity) class define above
+class IdentityClass {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  0; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "AbstractClass"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    class #8; // #7
+    Utf8 "IdentityClass"; // #8
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #9
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #10
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #11
+    Utf8 "IdentityClass.java"; // #12
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0011; // access
+  #7;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#9) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#10) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  1;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#11) { // SourceFile
+      #12;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class ValueClass
+
+// Concrete value class extending a final value class
+class ValueClass2 {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "FinalValue"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    class #8; // #7
+    Utf8 "ValueClass2"; // #8
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #9
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #10
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #11
+    Utf8 "ValueClass2.java"; // #12
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0011; // access
+  #7;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#9) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#10) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  1;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#11) { // SourceFile
+      #12;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class ValueClass2
+
+// Abstract value class extending an abstract (with identity) class
+class AbstractValueClass2 {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "AbstractClass"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    class #8; // #7
+    Utf8 "AbstractValueClass2"; // #8
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #9
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #10
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #11
+    Utf8 "AbstractValueClass2.java"; // #12
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0401; // access
+  #7;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#9) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#10) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  1;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#11) { // SourceFile
+      #12;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class AbstractValueClass2
+
+// Abstract identity class from older class file without ACC_IDENTITY, extending an abstract (with identity) class
+class AbstractIdentityClass2 {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  0; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "AbstractClass"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    class #8; // #7
+    Utf8 "AbstractIdentityClass2"; // #8
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #9
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #10
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #11
+    Utf8 "AbstractIdentityClass2.java"; // #12
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0401; // access
+  #7;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#9) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#10) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  1;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#11) { // SourceFile
+      #12;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class AbstractValueClass2
+
+// Abstract value class extending a final value class
+class AbstractValueClass3 {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "FinalValue"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    class #8; // #7
+    Utf8 "AbstractValueClass3"; // #8
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #9
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #10
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #11
+    Utf8 "AbstractValueClass3.java"; // #12
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0401; // access
+  #7;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#9) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#10) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  1;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#11) { // SourceFile
+      #12;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class AbstractValueClass3
+
+// A concrete class without ACC_IDENTITY but with an older class file version, declaring a field without ACC_STATIC nor ACC_STRICT
+//
+class NotStaticNotStrictInOldClass {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  0; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Field #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "NotStaticNotStrictInOldClass"; // #4
+    Utf8 "i"; // #5
+    Utf8 "I"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #12; // #9
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #10
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #11
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #12
+    Field #2 #14; // #13
+    NameAndType #15 #6; // #14
+    Utf8 "si"; // #15
+    Utf8 "ConstantValue"; // #16
+    int 0x00000000; // #17
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #18
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #19
+    Utf8 "<clinit>"; // #20
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #21
+    Utf8 "NotStaticNotStrictInOldClass.java"; // #22
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0011; // access
+  #2;// this_cpx
+  #8;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+    {  // field
+      0x0008; // access
+      #15; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // field
+      0x0010; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // ConstantValue
+          #17;
+        } // end ConstantValue
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #11; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // Code
+          2; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A03B500012AB700;
+            0x07B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#19) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  3;
+                5  1;
+                9  3;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0008; // access
+      #20; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          0; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x03B3000DB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#19) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  2;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#21) { // SourceFile
+      #22;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class NotStaticNotStrictInOldClass
+
+// Valid concrete value class with a synchronized static method
+class StaticSynchMethod {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    class #8; // #7
+    Utf8 "StaticSynchMethod"; // #8
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #9
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #10
+    Utf8 "m"; // #11
+    Utf8 "()I"; // #12
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #13
+    Utf8 "StaticSynchMethod.java"; // #14
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0011; // access
+  #7;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#9) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#10) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  1;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0029; // access
+      #11; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#9) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          0; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x102AAC;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#10) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  2;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#13) { // SourceFile
+      #14;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class StaticSynchMethod
+
+// Invalid concrete value class with synchronized non-static method
+class SynchMethod {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    class #8; // #7
+    Utf8 "SynchMethod"; // #8
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #9
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #10
+    Utf8 "m"; // #11
+    Utf8 "()I"; // #12
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #13
+    Utf8 "SynchMethod.java"; // #14
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0011; // access
+  #7;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#9) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#10) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  1;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0021; // access               // Modified to make it synchronized
+      #11; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#9) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x102AAC;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#10) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  2;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#13) { // SourceFile
+      #14;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class SynchMethod
+
+// Valid abstract value class with synchronized static method
+class StaticSynchMethodInAbstractValue {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    class #8; // #7
+    Utf8 "StaticSynchMethodInAbstractValue"; // #8
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #9
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #10
+    Utf8 "m"; // #11
+    Utf8 "()I"; // #12
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #13
+    Utf8 "StaticSynchMethodInAbstractValue.java"; // #14
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0401; // access
+  #7;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#9) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#10) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  1;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0029; // access
+      #11; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#9) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          0; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x102AAC;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#10) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  2;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#13) { // SourceFile
+      #14;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class StaticSynchMethodInAbstractValue
+
+// Invalid abstract value class with a synchronized non-static method
+class SynchMethodInAbstractValue {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    class #8; // #7
+    Utf8 "SynchMethodInAbstractValue"; // #8
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #9
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #10
+    Utf8 "m"; // #11
+    Utf8 "()I"; // #12
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #13
+    Utf8 "SynchMethodInAbstractValue.java"; // #14
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0401; // access
+  #7;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#9) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#10) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  1;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0021; // access                // modified to make it synchronized
+      #11; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#9) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x102AAC;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#10) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  2;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#13) { // SourceFile
+      #14;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class SynchMethodInAbstractValue
+
+// Class to test invalid entries in LoadableDescriptors Attributes
+// Class generated from this source:
+// public class PrimitiveInLoadableDescriptors {
+// int i;
+// void foo(Integer i) { }
+// }
+
+class PrimitiveInLoadableDescriptors {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    class #8; // #7
+    Utf8 "PrimitiveInLoadableDescriptors"; // #8
+    Utf8 "i"; // #9
+    Utf8 "I"; // #10
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #11
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #12
+    Utf8 "foo"; // #13
+    Utf8 "(Ljava/lang/Integer;)V"; // #14
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #15
+    Utf8 "PrimitiveInLoadableDescriptors.java"; // #16
+    Utf8 "LoadableDescriptors"; // #17
+    Utf8 "I"; // #18                            // Modified from "Ljava/lang/Integer;" to "I"
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0021; // access
+  #7;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+    {  // field
+      0x0000; // access
+      #9; // name_index
+      #10; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#11) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#12) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  1;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #13; // name_index
+      #14; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#11) { // Code
+          0; // max_stack
+          2; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0xB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#12) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  3;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#15) { // SourceFile
+      #16;
+    } // end SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#17) { // LoadableDescriptors
+      0x00010012;
+    } // end LoadableDescriptors
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class PrimitiveInLoadableDescriptors
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classfileparser/fieldModifiersTest.jcod b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classfileparser/fieldModifiersTest.jcod
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3ee889a6153
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classfileparser/fieldModifiersTest.jcod
@@ -0,0 +1,637 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+ // This file contains multiple illegal inline type classes that should cause
+// ClassFormatError exceptions when attempted to be loaded.
+//
+// Many of these test were originally generated from this Java file and then
+// field modifiers are changed to cause a ClassFormatError exceptions.
+//
+// public value class Value {
+//    static int si = 0;
+//    int i = 0;
+//}
+
+
+// A field has both ACC_FINAL and ACC_VOLATILE set
+//
+class FinalAndVolatile {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Field #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "FinalAndVolatile"; // #4
+    Utf8 "i"; // #5
+    Utf8 "I"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #12; // #9
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #10
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #11
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #12
+    Field #2 #14; // #13
+    NameAndType #15 #6; // #14
+    Utf8 "si"; // #15
+    Utf8 "ConstantValue"; // #16
+    int 0x00000000; // #17
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #18
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #19
+    Utf8 "<clinit>"; // #20
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #21
+    Utf8 "FinalAndVolatile.java"; // #22
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0011; // access
+  #2;// this_cpx
+  #8;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+    {  // field
+      0x0008; // access
+      #15; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // field
+      0x0850; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // ConstantValue
+          #17;
+        } // end ConstantValue
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #11; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // Code
+          2; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A03B500012AB700;
+            0x07B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#19) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  3;
+                5  1;
+                9  3;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0008; // access
+      #20; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          0; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x03B3000DB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#19) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  2;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#21) { // SourceFile
+      #22;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class FinalAndVolatile
+
+
+// A field has both ACC_STRICT and ACC_STATIC set
+//
+class StrictAndStatic {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Field #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "StrictAndStatic"; // #4
+    Utf8 "i"; // #5
+    Utf8 "I"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #12; // #9
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #10
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #11
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #12
+    Field #2 #14; // #13
+    NameAndType #15 #6; // #14
+    Utf8 "si"; // #15
+    Utf8 "ConstantValue"; // #16
+    int 0x00000000; // #17
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #18
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #19
+    Utf8 "<clinit>"; // #20
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #21
+    Utf8 "StrictAndStatic.java"; // #22
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0011; // access
+  #2;// this_cpx
+  #8;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+    {  // field
+      0x0808; // access
+      #15; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // field
+      0x0810; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // ConstantValue
+          #17;
+        } // end ConstantValue
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #11; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // Code
+          2; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A03B500012AB700;
+            0x07B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#19) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  3;
+                5  1;
+                9  3;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0008; // access
+      #20; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          0; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x03B3000DB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#19) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  2;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#21) { // SourceFile
+      #22;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class StrictAndStatic
+
+
+// A field has ACC_STRICT set without ACC_FINAL being set
+//
+class StrictNotFinal {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Field #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "StrictNotFinal"; // #4
+    Utf8 "i"; // #5
+    Utf8 "I"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #12; // #9
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #10
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #11
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #12
+    Field #2 #14; // #13
+    NameAndType #15 #6; // #14
+    Utf8 "si"; // #15
+    Utf8 "ConstantValue"; // #16
+    int 0x00000000; // #17
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #18
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #19
+    Utf8 "<clinit>"; // #20
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #21
+    Utf8 "StrictNotFinal.java"; // #22
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0011; // access
+  #2;// this_cpx
+  #8;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+    {  // field
+      0x0008; // access
+      #15; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // field
+      0x0800; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // ConstantValue
+          #17;
+        } // end ConstantValue
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #11; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // Code
+          2; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A03B500012AB700;
+            0x07B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#19) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  3;
+                5  1;
+                9  3;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0008; // access
+      #20; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          0; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x03B3000DB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#19) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  2;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#21) { // SourceFile
+      #22;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class StrictNotFinal
+
+// A concrete value class declaring a field without ACC_STATIC nor ACC_STRICT
+//
+class NotStaticNotStrict {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Field #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "NotStaticNotStrict"; // #4
+    Utf8 "i"; // #5
+    Utf8 "I"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #12; // #9
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #10
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #11
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #12
+    Field #2 #14; // #13
+    NameAndType #15 #6; // #14
+    Utf8 "si"; // #15
+    Utf8 "ConstantValue"; // #16
+    int 0x00000000; // #17
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #18
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #19
+    Utf8 "<clinit>"; // #20
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #21
+    Utf8 "NotStaticNotStrict.java"; // #22
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0011; // access
+  #2;// this_cpx
+  #8;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+    {  // field
+      0x0008; // access
+      #15; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // field
+      0x0010; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // ConstantValue
+          #17;
+        } // end ConstantValue
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #11; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // Code
+          2; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A03B500012AB700;
+            0x07B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#19) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  3;
+                5  1;
+                9  3;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0008; // access
+      #20; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          0; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x03B3000DB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#19) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  2;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#21) { // SourceFile
+      #22;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class NotStaticNotStrict
+
+// An abstract value class declaring a field without ACC_STATIC nor ACC_STRICT
+//
+class NotStaticNotStrictInAbstract {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Field #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "NotStaticNotStrictInAbstract"; // #4
+    Utf8 "i"; // #5
+    Utf8 "I"; // #6
+    Method #8 #9; // #7
+    class #10; // #8
+    NameAndType #11 #12; // #9
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #10
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #11
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #12
+    Field #2 #14; // #13
+    NameAndType #15 #6; // #14
+    Utf8 "si"; // #15
+    Utf8 "ConstantValue"; // #16
+    int 0x00000000; // #17
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #18
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #19
+    Utf8 "<clinit>"; // #20
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #21
+    Utf8 "NotStaticNotStrictInAbstract.java"; // #22
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0401; // access
+  #2;// this_cpx
+  #8;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+    {  // field
+      0x0008; // access
+      #15; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // field
+      0x0010; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#16) { // ConstantValue
+          #17;
+        } // end ConstantValue
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #11; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // Code
+          2; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A03B500012AB700;
+            0x07B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#19) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  3;
+                5  1;
+                9  3;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {  // method
+      0x0008; // access
+      #20; // name_index
+      #12; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#18) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          0; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x03B3000DB1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#19) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  2;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#21) { // SourceFile
+      #22;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class NotStaticNotStrictInAbstract
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/BigClassTreeClassLoader.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/BigClassTreeClassLoader.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7237d3cbc2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/BigClassTreeClassLoader.java
@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+ /*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Sanity test for BigClassTreeClassLoader
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.classloading.BigClassTreeClassLoader
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.classloading;
+
+import java.lang.classfile.*;
+import java.lang.classfile.attribute.*;
+import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.*;
+import java.lang.constant.*;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.*;
+import static java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs.*;
+
+// A classloader that will generate a big value class inheritance tree (depth,
+// and possibly breadth) of classes on the fly. For example, with a
+// maximum depth limit of 3, one can load "Gen3" via this classloader,
+// which will generate the following:
+//
+// public value class Gen2 --> Gen1 --> Gen0 --> java.lang.Object
+//
+// Optionally, a long field chain can also be generated in one of the Gen classes.
+// This creates a chain of Field value classes which have other Field objects as
+// fields up to the maximum depth. Class depth = field width. Only the Gen's field
+// is static, the rest are not. For example, with a maximum depth limit of 3 and
+// field at 1, this classloader will generate the following:
+//
+// public value class Gen2 --> Gen1 --> Gen0 --> java.lang.Object
+//                              | public static Field2 theField;
+//         public value class Field2
+//                              | theField
+//                            Field1
+//                              | theField
+//                            Field0
+//
+// Field0 will have a field theField of java.lang.Object. It is possible to change
+// both the field class as well as the superclass of Field0 to introduce interesting
+// class circularity.
+//
+// This classloader is parallel capable. It uses the built in classloading lock via
+// loadClass to ensure that it defines a given GenX or FieldX only once.
+public class BigClassTreeClassLoader extends ClassLoader {
+
+    // Sanity test, this should never fail.
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException {
+        var fields = new FieldGeneration(1, Optional.empty(), Optional.empty());
+        Class.forName("Gen2", false, new BigClassTreeClassLoader(3, fields));
+    }
+
+    // A field generation strategy that disables field generation.
+    public static FieldGeneration NO_FIELD_GEN = new FieldGeneration(-1, Optional.empty(), Optional.empty());
+
+    // A sane depth/width limit.
+    private static final int SANE_LIMIT = 100;
+
+    // We want to perform different things depending on what kind of class we are
+    // generating. Therefore, we utilize a strategy pattern.
+    private final Strategy[] availableStrategies;
+
+    // A store of all the classes already defined. Existing classes must be reused
+    // otherwise an exception will be raised.
+    private final Map<String, Class<?>> defined;
+
+    private final int limitInclusive;
+
+    // Create the generator with no fields.
+    public BigClassTreeClassLoader(int depthLimitInclusive) {
+        this(depthLimitInclusive, NO_FIELD_GEN);
+    }
+
+    // Create the generator with fields.
+    public BigClassTreeClassLoader(int depthLimitInclusive,
+                                   FieldGeneration fields) {
+        if (depthLimitInclusive < 0 || depthLimitInclusive > SANE_LIMIT) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("depth limit beyond sane bounds");
+        }
+        // Make it compatible with zero indices.
+        this.limitInclusive = depthLimitInclusive - 1;
+        this.defined = new HashMap<>();
+        if (fields.index > limitInclusive) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("field generation index invalid");
+        }
+        this.availableStrategies = new Strategy[] { new GenStrategy(fields.index), new FieldStrategy(fields) };
+        // Finally, register as a parallel capable classloader for stress tests.
+        if(!registerAsParallelCapable() || !isRegisteredAsParallelCapable()) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("could not register parallel classloader");
+        }
+    }
+
+    // The index X means GenX will have the field. Set to -1 to disable.
+    // The furthest chained field Field0 can have an optional superclass/declared field.
+    public static record FieldGeneration (int index,
+                                          Optional<String> deepestParentClass,
+                                          Optional<String> deepestFieldClass) {}
+
+    // We will bottom-up generate a class tree. It knows what to do for a
+    // specific class based on the provided name. This is not thread-safe itself,
+    // but since it is called safely via a synchronized block in loadClass,
+    // adding custom synchronization primitives can yield in a deadlock.
+    public Class<?> findClass(final String name) throws ClassNotFoundException {
+        // We only generate classes starting with our known prefix.
+        final Strategy strategy = Arrays.stream(availableStrategies)
+                                        .filter(st -> name.startsWith(st.prefix()))
+                                        .findFirst()
+                                        .orElseThrow(ClassNotFoundException::new);
+        // Derive the correct parameters (or error).
+        String prefix = strategy.prefix();
+        int depth;
+        try {
+            String itersString = name.substring(prefix.length());
+            depth = Integer.parseInt(itersString);
+            // Some bounds sanity checking.
+            if (depth < 0 || depth > limitInclusive) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("attempting to generate beyond limits");
+            }
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException | IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+            throw new ClassNotFoundException("can't generate class since it does not conform to limits", e);
+        }
+        // If we have already generated this class, reuse it.
+        Class<?> clazz = defined.get(name);
+        if (clazz != null) {
+            return clazz;
+        }
+        // Make the actual and define it.
+        clazz = makeClass(name,
+                          strategy.parent(depth),
+                          strategy.flags(limitInclusive, depth),
+                          clb -> strategy.process(limitInclusive, depth, clb),
+                          cob -> strategy.constructorPre(limitInclusive, depth, cob)
+        );
+        return clazz;
+    }
+
+    private interface Strategy {
+        String prefix();
+        String parent(int depth);
+        int flags(int limitInclusive, int depth);
+        void process(int limitInclusive, int depth, ClassBuilder builder);
+        default void constructorPre(int limitInclusive, int depth, CodeBuilder builder) {}
+    }
+
+    // The Gen classes generate classes that have a large inheritance tree.
+    // GenX has Gen(X-1) as a superclass. Gen0 inherits from Object.
+    private static final class GenStrategy implements Strategy {
+        private final int fieldIndex;
+
+        public GenStrategy(int fieldIndex) {
+            this.fieldIndex = fieldIndex;
+        }
+
+        public String prefix() {
+            return "Gen";
+        }
+
+        public String parent(int depth) {
+            return depth == 0 ? Object.class.getName() : prefix() + (depth - 1);
+        }
+
+        public int flags(int limitInclusive, int depth) {
+            return depth == limitInclusive ? ACC_FINAL : ACC_ABSTRACT;
+        }
+
+        public void process(int limitInclusive, int depth, ClassBuilder builder) {
+            // Is this the generation that will have the field chain?
+            if (depth == fieldIndex) {
+                ClassDesc fieldClass = ClassDesc.of(FieldStrategy.PREFIX + "" + limitInclusive);
+                // We use an uninitialized static field to denote the outermost Field class.
+                builder.withField("theField", fieldClass, ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_STATIC)
+                       .with(LoadableDescriptorsAttribute.of(builder.constantPool().utf8Entry(fieldClass)));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // The field strategy allows generating deep fields, including potential circularity.
+    // FieldX has Field(X-1) as a field. Field0 is special as it can inherit from something
+    // other than Object, and contain a custom field.
+    private static final class FieldStrategy implements Strategy {
+        public static final String PREFIX = "Field";
+        private final FieldGeneration fields;
+
+        public FieldStrategy(FieldGeneration fields) {
+            this.fields = fields;
+        }
+
+        public String prefix() {
+            return PREFIX;
+        }
+
+        public String parent(int depth) {
+            // Only the deepest class has a custom parent.
+            return fields.deepestParentClass().filter(_ -> depth == 0).orElse(Object.class.getName());
+        }
+
+        public int flags(int limitInclusive, int depth) {
+            // Every field class is final.
+            return ACC_FINAL;
+        }
+
+        public void process(int limitInclusive, int depth, ClassBuilder builder) {
+            ClassDesc fieldClass = computeFieldClass(depth);
+            if (depth != 0) {
+                builder.with(LoadableDescriptorsAttribute.of(builder.constantPool().utf8Entry(fieldClass)));
+            }
+            // The field is non-static, final, and therefore needs ACC_STRICT_INIT
+            builder.withField("theField", fieldClass, ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_FINAL | ACC_STRICT_INIT);
+        }
+
+        public void constructorPre(int limitInclusive, int depth, CodeBuilder builder) {
+            ClassDesc thisField = ClassDesc.of(prefix() + "" + depth);
+            ClassDesc fieldClass = computeFieldClass(depth);
+            // We need to make sure to initialize the field as the first thing in the constructor.
+            builder.aload(0)
+                   .aconst_null()
+                   .putfield(thisField, "theField", fieldClass);
+        }
+
+        private ClassDesc computeFieldClass(int depth) {
+            if (depth == 0) {
+                return ClassDesc.of(fields.deepestFieldClass().orElse(Object.class.getName()));
+            } else {
+                return ClassDesc.of(prefix() + (depth - 1));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Make the class. Not thread-safe, should be called when obtaining a
+    // classloading lock for the particular class.
+    private Class<?> makeClass(String thisGen,
+                                String parentGen,
+                                int addFlags,
+                                Consumer<ClassBuilder> classBuilder,
+                                Consumer<CodeBuilder> constructorBuilder) {
+        ClassDesc parentDesc = ClassDesc.of(parentGen);
+        // A class that has itself as a loadable descriptor.
+        byte[] bytes = ClassFile.of().build(ClassDesc.of(thisGen), clb -> {
+            clb
+                // Use Valhalla version.
+                .withVersion(latestMajorVersion(), PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION)
+                // Explicitly do not add ACC_SUPER or ACC_ABSTRACT.
+                .withFlags(ACC_PUBLIC | addFlags)
+                // Not strictly necessary for java/lang/Object.
+                .withSuperclass(parentDesc)
+                // Make sure to init the correct superclass.
+                .withMethodBody(INIT_NAME, MTD_void, ACC_PUBLIC, cob -> {
+                    constructorBuilder.accept(cob);
+                    cob.aload(0)
+                       .invokespecial(parentDesc, INIT_NAME, MTD_void)
+                       .return_();
+                });
+            // Do the additional things defined by the strategy.
+            classBuilder.accept(clb);
+        });
+        // Define the actual class and register it.
+        Class<?> clazz = defineClass(thisGen, bytes, 0, bytes.length);
+        defined.put(thisGen, clazz);
+        return clazz;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/Child.jcod b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/Child.jcod
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f090d23ba02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/Child.jcod
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+class Child {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Utf8 "Child"; // #1
+    class #1; // #2
+    Utf8 "Parent"; // #3
+    class #3; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #7
+    Method #4 #7; // #8
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #9
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0011; // access NOTE: this is a value class, which cannot inherit from identity
+  #2;// this_cpx
+  #4;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#9) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70008B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class Child
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/ConcurrentClassLoadingTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/ConcurrentClassLoadingTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..296e14495d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/ConcurrentClassLoadingTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Invokes eight threads that concurrently have to resolve the same
+            set of classes, thereby putting stress on the classloader and
+            deadlocks will be noticed. This execution is iterated many times.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile BigClassTreeClassLoader.java
+ * @run junit/othervm/timeout=480 -XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=1G runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.classloading.ConcurrentClassLoadingTest
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.classloading;
+
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException;
+import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+// This test makes use of BigClassTreeClassLoader. Please refer to its documentation.
+class ConcurrentClassLoadingTest {
+    private static final boolean DEBUG = false;
+    private static final int N_ITER = 125;
+    private static final int DEPTH = 100;
+
+    @Test
+    void test() throws InterruptedException {
+        for (int i = 1; i <= N_ITER; i++) {
+            if (DEBUG) System.out.println("Iteration " + i);
+            doIteration(8);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Should crash the VM if it fails/deadlocks.
+    private void doIteration(int n) throws InterruptedException {
+        // Use a barrier to ensure all threads reach a certain point before calling
+        // the method that defines the class (which internally calls native code).
+        final CyclicBarrier barrier = new CyclicBarrier(n);
+        // Every iteration has a new instance of a class loader, to make sure we
+        // create unique (Class, ClassLoader) pairs to force loading.
+        // We generate DEPTH fields, and they are defined in childmost class.
+        var fields = new BigClassTreeClassLoader.FieldGeneration(DEPTH - 1, Optional.empty(), Optional.empty());
+        // Instantiate the class generating classloader.
+        final var cl = new BigClassTreeClassLoader(DEPTH, fields);
+        Thread[] threads = new Thread[n];
+        // Spawn all the threads with their respective worker classes.
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            Thread thread = new Thread(() -> {
+                try {
+                    // Wait for all threads to reach this point.
+                    barrier.await();
+                    // This will trigger the generation and loading of the childmost class.
+                    // That itself will trigger loading of many field value classes.
+                    Class<?> workerClass = Class.forName("Gen" + (DEPTH - 1), false, cl);
+                    Object worker = workerClass.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();
+                } catch (InterruptedException | BrokenBarrierException e) {
+                    throw new IllegalStateException("test setup: waiting for barrier saw error", e);
+                } catch (ReflectiveOperationException e) {
+                    // A ReflectiveOperationException could get thrown if
+                    // something goes wrong internally. This should make the test
+                    // case fail as it represents a real problem.
+                    throw new IllegalStateException("reflective exception, could be an underlying bug", e);
+                }
+            });
+            threads[i] = thread;
+            thread.start();
+        }
+        for (Thread thread : threads) {
+            thread.join();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/InnerValue.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/InnerValue.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2249bd992fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/InnerValue.java
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+public value class InnerValue {
+    public int x = 19;
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/LoadableDescriptorsTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/LoadableDescriptorsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d32c807ce87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/LoadableDescriptorsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Ensures preloading.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run junit runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.classloading.LoadableDescriptorsTest
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.classloading;
+
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
+import java.lang.classfile.attribute.LoadableDescriptorsAttribute;
+import java.lang.constant.ClassDesc;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.ByteCodeLoader;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ValueSource;
+
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.*;
+import static java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs.*;
+
+// NOTE: Needs further work for JDK-8367134.
+class LoadableDescriptorsTest {
+    private static final boolean DEBUG = false;
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @ValueSource(strings = {
+        "LTest;",
+        "I",
+        "[[LTest;",
+    })
+    void test(String descriptorString) throws ReflectiveOperationException {
+        ClassDesc loadableClass = ClassDesc.ofDescriptor(descriptorString);
+        var bytes = ClassFile.of().build(ClassDesc.of("Test"), clb ->
+            clb
+                .withVersion(latestMajorVersion(), PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION)
+                .withFlags(ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_IDENTITY)
+                .withMethodBody(INIT_NAME, MTD_void, ACC_PUBLIC, cob ->
+                cob.aload(0)
+                    .invokespecial(CD_Object, INIT_NAME, MTD_void)
+                    .return_())
+                    .withField("theField", loadableClass, ACC_PUBLIC)
+                .with(LoadableDescriptorsAttribute.of(clb.constantPool().utf8Entry(loadableClass)))
+        );
+
+        Class<?> clazz = ByteCodeLoader.load("Test", bytes);
+        Object instance = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();
+        Field field = clazz.getDeclaredField("theField");
+        field.get(instance);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/OuterValue.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/OuterValue.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bad70397096
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/OuterValue.java
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+public value class OuterValue {
+    public InnerValue inner = null;
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/Parent.jcod b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/Parent.jcod
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..203a039eadb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/Parent.jcod
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+class Parent {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Utf8 "Parent"; // #1
+    class #1; // #2
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #3
+    class #3; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #7
+    Method #4 #7; // #8
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #9
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0021; // access NOTE: this is an identity class
+  #2;// this_cpx
+  #4;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0001; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#9) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70008B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class Parent
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/PreLoadCircularityTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/PreLoadCircularityTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..765a7317ee4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/PreLoadCircularityTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Ensures circularity does not cause crashes.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile BigClassTreeClassLoader.java
+ * @run junit runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.classloading.PreLoadCircularityTest
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.classloading;
+
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+
+// This test makes use of BigClassTreeClassLoader. Please refer to its documentation.
+class PreLoadCircularityTest {
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("constellations")
+    void test(int depth, int fieldIndex, Optional<String> fieldClass, Optional<String> parentClass)
+            throws ClassNotFoundException, ReflectiveOperationException {
+        // Create the generator.
+        var fg = new BigClassTreeClassLoader.FieldGeneration(fieldIndex, fieldClass, parentClass);
+        BigClassTreeClassLoader cl = new BigClassTreeClassLoader(depth, fg);
+        // Generate the classes!
+        Class<?> clazz = Class.forName("Gen" + (depth - 1), false, cl);
+        clazz.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();
+    }
+
+    private static Stream<Arguments> constellations() {
+        return Stream.of(
+            // Class Gen10 will have 30 fields and Field0 will inherit from Gen15.
+            // This forms a cycle through field preloading and inheritance.
+            Arguments.of(30, 10, Optional.of(Object.class.getName()), Optional.of("Gen15")),
+            // Class Gen10 will have 30 fields and Field0 will refer to Gen10.
+            // This forms a cycle through field preloading.
+            Arguments.of(30, 10, Optional.of("Gen10"), Optional.empty()),
+            // Class Gen10 will have 30 fields and Field0 will inherit from
+            // Gen15 and refer to Gen13. This forms a cycle through field and
+            // inheritance preloading.
+            Arguments.of(30, 10, Optional.of("Gen13"), Optional.of("Gen15"))
+        );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/PreLoadDoesNotInitTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/PreLoadDoesNotInitTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..99e1fb4f992
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/PreLoadDoesNotInitTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Ensures that a value class is not initialized when preloaded.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run junit runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.classloading.PreLoadDoesNotInitTest
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.classloading;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+class PreLoadDoesNotInitTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void test() {
+        Outer outer = new Outer();
+        outer.doSomething();
+        if (Outer.THE_FIELD != 19) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("class was initialized when it should not have been");
+        }
+        // Sanity: make sure it loads when we actually use it.
+        new Inner();
+        if (Outer.THE_FIELD != 0) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("class was not initialized when it should have been");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class Outer {
+        // Value class as a field should ensure that Outer contains a loadable
+        // descriptor for it. We will preload Inner.
+        private Inner inner;
+
+        // This is a static field that gets updated by Inner's static
+        // initializer. We expect this to remain as 19.
+        public static int THE_FIELD = 19;
+
+        private void doSomething() {}
+    }
+
+    public static value class Inner {
+        private int x = 0;
+
+        static {
+            // This static field only gets updated once Inner is initialized.
+            // In this test case, this should NOT happen.
+            Outer.THE_FIELD = 0;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/PreLoadFailuresDoNotImpactApplicationTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/PreLoadFailuresDoNotImpactApplicationTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cbec7ebcb70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/PreLoadFailuresDoNotImpactApplicationTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Even if LoadableDescriptors fail, we observe correct operation.
+            This uses a custom classloader to ensure that classloading/linking will
+            initially fail due to LoadableDescriptors.
+   @compile OuterValue.java
+   @compile InnerValue.java
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run junit runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.classloading.PreLoadFailuresDoNotImpactApplicationTest
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.classloading;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+class PreLoadFailuresDoNotImpactApplicationTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void test() throws ReflectiveOperationException, InterruptedException {
+        // Create an instance of the Outer class with a custom classloader.
+        // This should trigger the first preload.
+        Class<?> clazz = Class.forName("OuterValue", false, new CL());
+        Object outer = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();
+        // Each thread will try to load the field inner. We have to do getDeclaredField in each thread
+        // as this attempts to load the class Inner which is what we want to fail on the first time.
+        Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> {
+            try {
+                // Here the classloader will instigate a failure twice:
+                // 1) when linking Inner due to LoadableDescriptor failing, this failure is quiet; and
+                // 2) a "normal" ClassNotFound error that should get picked up by the application.
+                var theField = clazz.getDeclaredField("inner");
+                Object theInner = theField.get(outer);
+                throw new RuntimeException("should have failed classloading Inner fist time, VM bug");
+            } catch (NoClassDefFoundError workingAsIntended) {
+            } catch (IllegalAccessException | NoSuchFieldException e) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("test bug: field accessing", e);
+            }
+        });
+        // Execution need not be concurrent or parallel.
+        // Let this thread fail at classloading Inner.
+        t1.start();
+        t1.join();
+        Thread t2 = new Thread(() -> {
+            try {
+                // Here, the classloader will not fail, this should be business as usual.
+                var theField = clazz.getDeclaredField("inner");
+                Object theInner = theField.get(outer);
+            } catch (NoClassDefFoundError e) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("should not have failed classloading Inner second time, VM bug", e);
+            } catch (IllegalAccessException | NoSuchFieldException e) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("test bug: field accessing", e);
+            }
+        });
+        // This execution should succeed.
+        t2.start();
+        t2.join();
+    }
+
+    // This classloader uses loadClass instead of overriding findClass because it makes the test logic
+    // a bit easier to write and understand. For the purpose of this test, overriding loadClass should
+    // be fine.
+    static class CL extends ClassLoader {
+        private int attempts = 0;
+
+        public synchronized Class<?> loadClass(String name, boolean resolve) throws ClassNotFoundException {
+            switch (name) {
+            case "OuterValue": {
+                return customLoadSimple(name);
+            }
+            case "InnerValue": {
+                // First access failure: when Outer is preloading Inner via LoadableDescriptor.
+                // Second access failure: when we try to load Inner the first time (LoadableDescriptor).
+                // Third access failure: when class linking occurs (LoadableDescriptor).
+                // Fourth access and onwards should succeed.
+                if (attempts++ < 3) {
+                    throw new ClassNotFoundException("purposeful exception: we can't find this class");
+                }
+                return customLoadSimple(name);
+            }
+            default:
+                // Delegate loading to the parent classloader.
+                return super.loadClass(name, resolve);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // This will get the class data as a byte[]. DOES NOT support packages.
+        private Class<?> customLoadSimple(String name) {
+            byte[] bytes;
+            try {
+                bytes = PreLoadFailuresDoNotImpactApplicationTest.class
+                    .getClassLoader()
+                    .getResourceAsStream(name + ".class")
+                    .readAllBytes();
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("test bug: IO exception trying to load custom class " + name, e);
+            }
+            return defineClass(name, bytes, 0, bytes.length, null);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/ValueClassInheritanceTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/ValueClassInheritanceTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7b88bdb27f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/classloading/ValueClassInheritanceTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+ /*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Ensures a non-abstract value class cannot inherit from an identity class.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @clean Parent
+ * @clean Child
+ * @compile Parent.jcod
+ * @compile Child.jcod
+ * @run junit runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.classloading.ValueClassInheritanceTest
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.classloading;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+class ValueClassInheritanceTest {
+    private final boolean DEBUG = false;
+
+    @Test
+    void test() throws ReflectiveOperationException {
+        try {
+            // We create a new instance of the child class.
+            // This should see that the class hierarchy is illegal and throw an exception.
+            Class<?> clazz = Class.forName("Child");
+            Object instance = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();
+            if (DEBUG) System.out.println(instance);
+        } catch (IncompatibleClassChangeError weWantThis) {
+            // The error that we are looking for.
+            return;
+        }
+        // A lack of exception will fail this test.
+        throw new IllegalStateException("expected IncompatibleClassChangeError to be thrown");
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/EmptyValueTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/EmptyValueTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4589e0beeec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/EmptyValueTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+ /*
+ * @test
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java EmptyValueTest.java
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening EmptyValueTest
+ */
+
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+
+import runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.FieldLayoutAnalyzer;
+
+public class EmptyValueTest {
+
+    static class TestRunner {
+        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+            Class testClass = Class.forName("EmptyValueTest");
+            Asserts.assertNotNull(testClass);
+            Method[] testMethods = testClass.getMethods();
+            for (Method test : testMethods) {
+                if (test.getName().startsWith("test_")) {
+                    Asserts.assertTrue(Modifier.isStatic(test.getModifiers()));
+                    Asserts.assertTrue(test.getReturnType().equals(Void.TYPE));
+                    System.out.println("Running " + test.getName());
+                    test.invoke(null);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class Empty0 {}
+
+    static class Container0 {
+      Empty0 empty;
+    }
+
+    static public void test_0() {
+      Container0 c = new Container0();
+      Asserts.assertNull(c.empty);
+      c.empty = new Empty0();
+      Asserts.assertNotNull(c.empty);
+      c.empty = null;
+      Asserts.assertNull(c.empty);
+    }
+
+    static public void check_0(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("EmptyValueTest$Container0");
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f = cl.getFieldFromName("empty", false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT, f.layoutKind());
+    }
+
+    static value class WrappedEmpty1 {
+      @NullRestricted
+      Empty0 empty = new Empty0();
+    }
+
+    static class Container1 {
+      WrappedEmpty1 we = new WrappedEmpty1();
+    }
+
+    static public void test_1() {
+      Container1 c = new Container1();
+    }
+
+    static public void check_1(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("EmptyValueTest$Container1");
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f = cl.getFieldFromName("we", false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT, f.layoutKind());
+    }
+
+    static class Container2 {
+      @NullRestricted
+      WrappedEmpty1 we;
+
+      Container2() {
+          we = new WrappedEmpty1();
+          super();
+      }
+    }
+
+    static public void test_2() {
+      Container2 c = new Container2();
+    }
+
+    static public void check_2(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("EmptyValueTest$Container2");
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f = cl.getFieldFromName("we", false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT, f.layoutKind());
+    }
+
+    static ProcessBuilder exec(String... args) throws Exception {
+        List<String> argsList = new ArrayList<>();
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "--enable-preview");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+PrintFieldLayout");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-Xshare:off");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-Xmx256m");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-cp", System.getProperty("java.class.path") + System.getProperty("path.separator") + ".");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, args);
+        return ProcessTools.createTestJavaProcessBuilder(argsList);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+
+        // Generate test classes
+        EmptyValueTest sft = new EmptyValueTest();
+
+        // Execute the test runner in charge of loading all test classes
+        ProcessBuilder pb = exec("EmptyValueTest$TestRunner");
+        OutputAnalyzer out = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+
+        if (out.getExitValue() != 0) {
+            System.out.print(out.getOutput());
+        }
+        Asserts.assertEquals(out.getExitValue(), 0, "Something went wrong while running the tests");
+
+        // Get and parse the test output
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LogOutput lo = new FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LogOutput(out.asLines());
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla =  FieldLayoutAnalyzer.createFieldLayoutAnalyzer(lo);
+
+        // Running tests verification method (check that tests produced the right configuration)
+        Class testClass = EmptyValueTest.class;
+        Method[] testMethods = testClass.getMethods();
+        for (Method test : testMethods) {
+            if (test.getName().startsWith("check_")) {
+                Asserts.assertTrue(Modifier.isStatic(test.getModifiers()));
+                Asserts.assertTrue(test.getReturnType().equals(Void.TYPE));
+                test.invoke(null, fla);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Verify that all layouts are correct
+        try {
+            fla.check();
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            System.out.print(out.getOutput());
+            throw t;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/FieldAlignmentTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/FieldAlignmentTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..90324ea3dca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/FieldAlignmentTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=32
+ * @requires vm.bits == 32
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java FieldAlignmentTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.FieldAlignmentTest 32
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=64_COOP_CCP_NCOH
+ * @requires vm.bits == 64
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java FieldAlignmentTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.FieldAlignmentTest 64_COOP_CCP_NCOH
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=64_NCOOP_CCP_NCOH
+ * @requires vm.bits == 64
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java FieldAlignmentTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.FieldAlignmentTest 64_NCOOP_CCP_NCOH
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=64_NCOOP_NCCP_NCOH
+ * @requires vm.bits == 64
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java FieldAlignmentTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.FieldAlignmentTest 64_NCOOP_NCCP_NCOH
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=64_COOP_CCP_COH
+ * @requires vm.bits == 64
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java FieldAlignmentTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.FieldAlignmentTest 64_COOP_CCP_COH
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=64_NCOOP_CCP_COH
+ * @requires vm.bits == 64
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java FieldAlignmentTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.FieldAlignmentTest 64_NCOOP_CCP_COH
+ */
+
+ package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout;
+
+ import java.util.ArrayList;
+ import java.util.Collections;
+ import java.util.List;
+
+ import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+ import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+
+ import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+ import jdk.test.lib.ByteCodeLoader;
+ import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
+ import jdk.test.lib.compiler.InMemoryJavaCompiler;
+ import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+ import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+
+ public class FieldAlignmentTest {
+  public static class ZeroByte { }
+  public static class OneByte { byte b; }
+  public static class TwoByte { byte b0; byte b1; }
+  public static class ThreeByte { byte b0; byte b1; byte b2; }
+  public static class FourByte { byte b0; byte b1; byte b2; byte b3; }
+  public static class FiveByte { byte b0; byte b1; byte b2; byte b3; byte b4; }
+  public static class SixByte { byte b0; byte b1; byte b2; byte b3; byte b4; byte b5; }
+  public static class SevenByte { byte b0; byte b1; byte b2; byte b3; byte b4; byte b5; byte b6; }
+  public static final String[] superNames = { ZeroByte.class.getCanonicalName(),
+                                              OneByte.class.getCanonicalName(),
+                                              TwoByte.class.getCanonicalName(),
+                                              ThreeByte.class.getCanonicalName(),
+                                              FourByte.class.getCanonicalName(),
+                                              FiveByte.class.getCanonicalName(),
+                                              SixByte.class.getCanonicalName(),
+                                              SevenByte.class.getCanonicalName() };
+  public static final String[] valueNames = { ValueOneByte.class.getCanonicalName(),
+                                              ValueOneChar.class.getCanonicalName(),
+                                              ValueOneShort.class.getCanonicalName(),
+                                              ValueOneInt.class.getCanonicalName(),
+                                              ValueOneLong.class.getCanonicalName(),
+                                              ValueOneFloat.class.getCanonicalName(),
+                                              ValueOneDouble.class.getCanonicalName(),
+                                              ValueByteLong.class.getCanonicalName(),
+                                              ValueByteInt.class.getCanonicalName() };
+
+  List<String> testNames = new ArrayList<String>();
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue public static value class ValueOneByte { byte val = 0; }
+  @LooselyConsistentValue public static value class ValueOneChar { char val = 0; }
+  @LooselyConsistentValue public static value class ValueOneShort { short val = 0; }
+  @LooselyConsistentValue public static value class ValueOneInt { int val = 0; }
+  @LooselyConsistentValue public static value class ValueOneLong { long val = 0; }
+  @LooselyConsistentValue public static value class ValueOneFloat { float val = 0f; }
+  @LooselyConsistentValue public static value class ValueOneDouble { double val = 0d; }
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue public static value class ValueByteLong { byte b = 0; long l = 0; }
+  @LooselyConsistentValue public static value class ValueByteInt { byte b = 0; int i = 0; }
+
+  void generateTests() throws Exception {
+    for (String vName : valueNames) {
+      for (String sName : superNames) {
+        String vNameShort = vName.substring(vName.lastIndexOf('.') + 1);
+        String sNameShort = sName.substring(sName.lastIndexOf('.') + 1);
+        String className = "Test" + vNameShort + "With" + sNameShort;
+        String sourceCode = "import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;" +
+                            "public class " + className + " extends " + sName + " { " +
+                            "    @NullRestricted" +
+                            "    " + vName + " v1;" +
+                            "    public " + className + "() {" +
+                            "      v1 = new " + vName + "();" +
+                            "      super();" +
+                            "    }" +
+                            "}";
+        String java_version = System.getProperty("java.specification.version");
+        byte[] byteCode = InMemoryJavaCompiler.compile(className, sourceCode,
+                                                      "-source", java_version, "--enable-preview",
+                                                      "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED");
+        jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller.writeClassToDisk(className, byteCode);
+        testNames.add(className);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  void generateTestRunner() throws Exception {
+    String className = "TestRunner";
+    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+    sb.append("public class ").append(className).append(" {");
+    sb.append("    public void main(String[] args) {");
+    for (String name : testNames) {
+      sb.append("        ").append(name).append(" var").append(name).append(" = new ").append(name).append("();");
+    }
+    sb.append("    }");
+    sb.append("}");
+    String java_version = System.getProperty("java.specification.version");
+    byte[] byteCode = InMemoryJavaCompiler.compile(className, sb.toString(),
+                                                   "-source", java_version, "--enable-preview",
+                                                   "-cp", ".");
+    jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller.writeClassToDisk(className, byteCode);
+  }
+
+  static ProcessBuilder exec(String compressedOopsArg,
+                             String compressedKlassPointersArg,
+                             String compactObjectHeader,
+                             String... args) throws Exception {
+    List<String> argsList = new ArrayList<>();
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "--enable-preview");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+PrintFieldLayout");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "-Xshare:off");
+    if (compressedOopsArg != null) {
+      Collections.addAll(argsList, compressedOopsArg);
+    }
+    if (compressedKlassPointersArg != null) {
+      Collections.addAll(argsList, compressedKlassPointersArg);
+    }
+    if (compactObjectHeader != null) {
+      Collections.addAll(argsList, compactObjectHeader);
+    }
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "-Xmx256m");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "-cp", System.getProperty("java.class.path") + System.getProperty("path.separator") +".");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, args);
+    return ProcessTools.createTestJavaProcessBuilder(argsList);
+  }
+
+  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+    String compressedOopsArg;
+    String compressedKlassPointersArg;
+    String compactObjectHeaderArg;
+
+    switch(args[0]) {
+      case "32":
+        compressedOopsArg = null;
+        compressedKlassPointersArg = null;
+        compactObjectHeaderArg = null;
+        break;
+      case "64_COOP_CCP_NCOH":
+        compressedOopsArg = "-XX:+UseCompressedOops";
+        compressedKlassPointersArg =  "-XX:+UseCompressedClassPointers";
+        compactObjectHeaderArg = "-XX:-UseCompactObjectHeaders";
+        break;
+      case "64_NCOOP_CCP_NCOH":
+        compressedOopsArg = "-XX:-UseCompressedOops";
+        compressedKlassPointersArg = "-XX:+UseCompressedClassPointers";
+        compactObjectHeaderArg = "-XX:-UseCompactObjectHeaders";
+        break;
+      case "64_NCOOP_NCCP_NCOH":
+        compressedOopsArg = "-XX:-UseCompressedOops";
+        compressedKlassPointersArg = "-XX:-UseCompressedClassPointers";
+        compactObjectHeaderArg = "-XX:-UseCompactObjectHeaders";
+        break;
+      case "64_COOP_CCP_COH":
+        compressedOopsArg = "-XX:+UseCompressedOops";
+        compressedKlassPointersArg = "-XX:+UseCompressedClassPointers";
+        compactObjectHeaderArg = "-XX:+UseCompactObjectHeaders";
+        break;
+      case "64_NCOOP_CCP_COH":
+        compressedOopsArg = "-XX:-UseCompressedOops";
+        compressedKlassPointersArg = "-XX:+UseCompressedClassPointers";
+        compactObjectHeaderArg = "-XX:+UseCompactObjectHeaders";
+        break;
+      default: throw new RuntimeException("Unrecognized configuration");
+    }
+
+    // Generate test classes
+    FieldAlignmentTest fat = new FieldAlignmentTest();
+    fat.generateTests();
+    fat.generateTestRunner();
+
+    // Execute the test runner in charge of loading all test classes
+    ProcessBuilder pb = exec(compressedOopsArg, compressedKlassPointersArg, compactObjectHeaderArg, "TestRunner");
+    OutputAnalyzer out = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+
+    if (out.getExitValue() != 0) {
+      out.outputTo(System.out);
+    }
+    Asserts.assertEquals(out.getExitValue(), 0, "Something went wrong while running the tests");
+
+    // Analyze the test runner output
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LogOutput lo = new FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LogOutput(out.asLines());
+
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla =  FieldLayoutAnalyzer.createFieldLayoutAnalyzer(lo);
+    try {
+      fla.check();
+    } catch (Throwable t) {
+      out.outputTo(System.out);
+      throw t;
+    }
+  }
+ }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cb99539e783
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,891 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout;
+
+import java.io.PrintStream;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class FieldLayoutAnalyzer {
+
+  // Mutable wrapper around log output to manage the cursor while parsing
+  public static class LogOutput {
+    List<String> lines;
+    int cursor;
+
+    public LogOutput(List<String> lines) {
+      this.lines = lines;
+      cursor = 0;
+    }
+
+    String getCurrentLine() { return lines.get(cursor); }
+    String get(int idx) { return lines.get(idx); }
+    int size() { return lines.size(); }
+    void moveToNextLine() { cursor = cursor + 1; }
+    boolean hasMoreLines() { return cursor < lines.size(); }
+  }
+
+  static enum BlockType {
+    RESERVED,
+    INHERITED,
+    EMPTY,
+    REGULAR,
+    PADDING,
+    FLAT,
+    NULL_MARKER;
+
+    static BlockType parseType(String s) {
+      switch(s) {
+        case "RESERVED"    : return RESERVED;
+        case "INHERITED"   : return INHERITED;
+        case "EMPTY"       : return EMPTY;
+        case "REGULAR"     : return REGULAR;
+        case "PADDING"     : return PADDING;
+        case "FLAT"        : return FLAT;
+        case "NULL_MARKER" : return NULL_MARKER;
+        default:
+          throw new RuntimeException("Unknown block type: " + s);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public static enum LayoutKind {
+    NON_FLAT(false),
+    NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT(false),
+    NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT(false),
+    NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT(true),
+    NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT(true);
+
+    private final boolean hasNullMarker;
+
+    private LayoutKind(boolean hasNullMarker) {
+      this.hasNullMarker = hasNullMarker;
+    }
+
+    static LayoutKind parseLayoutKind(String s) {
+      switch(s) {
+        case ""                          : return NON_FLAT;
+        case "NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT" : return NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT;
+        case "NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT"     : return NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT;
+        case "NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT"      : return NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT;
+        case "NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT"  : return NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT;
+        default:
+          throw new RuntimeException("Unknown layout kind: " + s);
+      }
+    }
+
+    boolean hasNullMarker() {
+      return this.hasNullMarker;
+    }
+  }
+
+  static public record AcmpMapSegment(int offset, int size) {}
+
+  static public record FieldBlock (int offset,
+                            BlockType type,
+                            int size,
+                            int alignment,
+                            String name,
+                            String signature,
+                            String fieldClass,
+                            LayoutKind layoutKind) {
+
+    static FieldBlock createSpecialBlock(int offset, BlockType type, int size, int alignment) {
+      return new FieldBlock(offset, type, size, alignment, null, null, null, LayoutKind.NON_FLAT);
+    }
+
+    static FieldBlock createJavaFieldBlock(int offset, BlockType type, int size, int alignment, String name, String signature, String fieldClass, LayoutKind layoutKind) {
+      return new FieldBlock(offset, type, size, alignment, name, signature, fieldClass, layoutKind);
+    }
+
+    void print(PrintStream out) {
+      out.println("Offset=" + offset+
+                " type=" + type +
+                " size=" + size +
+                " alignment=" + alignment +
+                " name=" + name +
+                " signature=" + signature +
+                " fieldClass=" + fieldClass);
+    }
+
+    boolean isFlat() { return type == BlockType.FLAT; } // Warning: always return false for inherited fields, even flat ones
+    boolean isRegular() { return type == BlockType.REGULAR; }
+    boolean hasNullMarker() { return layoutKind.hasNullMarker(); }
+
+    static FieldBlock parseField(String line) {
+      String[] fieldLine = line.split("\\s+");
+      int offset = Integer.parseInt(fieldLine[1].substring(1, fieldLine[1].length()));
+      BlockType type = BlockType.parseType(fieldLine[2]);
+      String[] size_align = fieldLine[3].split("/");
+      int size = Integer.parseInt(size_align[0]);
+      int alignment = -1;
+      if (type != BlockType.RESERVED) {
+        alignment = Integer.parseInt(size_align[1]);
+      } else {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(size_align[1].equals("-"));
+      }
+      FieldBlock block = null;
+      switch(type) {
+        case BlockType.RESERVED:
+        case BlockType.EMPTY:
+        case BlockType.PADDING: {
+            block = FieldBlock.createSpecialBlock(offset, type, size, alignment);
+            break;
+        }
+        case BlockType.REGULAR:
+        case BlockType.INHERITED:
+        case BlockType.FLAT: {
+            String name = fieldLine[4];
+            String signature = fieldLine[5];
+            String fieldClass = "";
+            String layoutKind = "";
+            if (type == BlockType.FLAT) {
+              fieldClass = fieldLine[6];
+              layoutKind = fieldLine[7];
+            }
+            block = FieldBlock.createJavaFieldBlock(offset, type, size, alignment, name, signature, fieldClass, LayoutKind.parseLayoutKind(layoutKind));
+            break;
+          }
+        case BlockType.NULL_MARKER: {
+          block = FieldBlock.createSpecialBlock(offset, type, size, alignment);
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+      Asserts.assertNotNull(block);
+      return block;
+    }
+
+  }
+
+  public static class ClassLayout {
+    String name;
+    String superName;
+    boolean isValue;
+    int instanceSize;
+    int payloadSize;
+    int payloadAlignment;
+    int firstFieldOffset;
+    int nullFreeNonAtomicLayoutSize;         // -1 if no null-free non-atomic layout
+    int nullFreeNonAtomicLayoutAlignment;    // -1 if no null-free non-atomic layout
+    int nullFreeAtomicLayoutSize;            // -1 if no null-free atomic layout
+    int nullFreeAtomicLayoutAlignment;       // -1 if no null-free atomic layout
+    int nullableAtomicLayoutSize;            // -1 if no nullable atomic layout
+    int nullableAtomicLayoutAlignment;       // -1 if no nullable atomic layout
+    int nullableNonAtomicLayoutSize;         // -1 if no nullable non-atomic layout
+    int nullableNonAtomicLayoutAlignment;    // -1 if no nullable non-atomic layout
+    int nullMarkerOffset;                    // -1 if no nullable layout
+    String[] lines;
+    ArrayList<FieldBlock> staticFields;
+    ArrayList<FieldBlock> nonStaticFields;
+    ArrayList<AcmpMapSegment> nonOopAcmpMap;
+    ArrayList<Integer> oopAcmpMap;
+
+    private ClassLayout() {
+      staticFields = new ArrayList<FieldBlock>();
+      nonStaticFields = new ArrayList<FieldBlock>();
+      nonOopAcmpMap = new ArrayList<AcmpMapSegment>();
+      oopAcmpMap = new ArrayList<Integer>();
+    }
+
+    boolean hasNullFreeNonAtomicLayout() { return nullFreeNonAtomicLayoutSize != -1; }
+    boolean hasNullFreeAtomicLayout() { return nullFreeAtomicLayoutSize != -1; }
+    boolean hasNullableAtomicLayout() { return nullableAtomicLayoutSize != -1; }
+    boolean hasNullableNonAtomicLayout() { return nullableNonAtomicLayoutSize != -1; }
+    boolean hasNullMarker() {return nullMarkerOffset != -1; }
+
+    int getSize(LayoutKind layoutKind) {
+      switch(layoutKind) {
+        case NON_FLAT:
+          throw new RuntimeException("Should not be called on non-flat fields");
+        case NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+          Asserts.assertTrue(nullFreeNonAtomicLayoutSize != -1);
+          return nullFreeNonAtomicLayoutSize;
+        case NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+          Asserts.assertTrue(nullFreeAtomicLayoutSize != -1);
+          return nullFreeAtomicLayoutSize;
+        case NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+          Asserts.assertTrue(nullableAtomicLayoutSize != -1);
+          return nullableAtomicLayoutSize;
+        case NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+          Asserts.assertTrue(nullableNonAtomicLayoutSize != -1);
+          return nullableNonAtomicLayoutSize;
+        default:
+          throw new RuntimeException("Unknown LayoutKind " + layoutKind);
+      }
+    }
+
+    int getAlignment(LayoutKind layoutKind) {
+      switch(layoutKind) {
+        case NON_FLAT:
+          throw new RuntimeException("Should not be called on non-flat fields");
+        case NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+          Asserts.assertTrue(nullFreeNonAtomicLayoutSize != -1);
+          return nullFreeNonAtomicLayoutAlignment;
+        case NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+          Asserts.assertTrue(nullFreeAtomicLayoutSize != -1);
+          return nullFreeAtomicLayoutAlignment;
+        case NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+          Asserts.assertTrue(nullableAtomicLayoutSize != -1);
+          return nullableAtomicLayoutAlignment;
+        case NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT:
+          Asserts.assertTrue(nullableNonAtomicLayoutSize != -1);
+          return nullableNonAtomicLayoutAlignment;
+        default:
+          throw new RuntimeException("Unknown LayoutKind " + layoutKind);
+      }
+    }
+
+    void processField(String line, boolean isStatic) {
+      FieldBlock block = FieldBlock.parseField(line);
+      if (isStatic) {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(block.type != BlockType.INHERITED); // static fields cannot be inherited
+        staticFields.add(block);
+      } else {
+        nonStaticFields.add(block);
+      }
+    }
+
+    static ClassLayout parseClassLayout(LogOutput lo) {
+      ClassLayout cl = new ClassLayout();
+      // Parsing class name
+      Asserts.assertTrue(lo.getCurrentLine().startsWith("Layout of class"), lo.getCurrentLine());
+      String[] first = lo.getCurrentLine().split("\\s+");
+      cl.name = first[3];
+      if (first.length == 6) {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(first[4], "extends");
+        cl.superName = first[5];
+      } else {
+        cl.superName = null;
+      }
+      // System.out.println("Class name: " + cl.name);
+      lo.moveToNextLine();
+      Asserts.assertTrue(lo.getCurrentLine().startsWith("Instance fields:"), lo.getCurrentLine());
+      lo.moveToNextLine();
+      // Parsing instance fields
+      while (lo.getCurrentLine().startsWith(" @")) {
+        cl.processField(lo.getCurrentLine(), false);
+        lo.moveToNextLine();
+      }
+      Asserts.assertTrue(lo.getCurrentLine().startsWith("Static fields:"), lo.getCurrentLine());
+      lo.moveToNextLine();
+      // Parsing static fields
+      while (lo.getCurrentLine().startsWith(" @")) {
+        cl.processField(lo.getCurrentLine(), true);
+        lo.moveToNextLine();
+      }
+      Asserts.assertTrue(lo.getCurrentLine().startsWith("Instance size ="), lo.getCurrentLine());
+      String[] sizeLine = lo.getCurrentLine().split("\\s+");
+      cl.instanceSize = Integer.parseInt(sizeLine[3]);
+      lo.moveToNextLine();
+      if (lo.getCurrentLine().startsWith("First field offset =")) {
+        // The class is a value class, more lines to parse
+        cl.isValue = true;
+        // First field offset = xx
+        String[] firstOffsetLine = lo.getCurrentLine().split("\\s+");
+        cl.firstFieldOffset = Integer.parseInt(firstOffsetLine[4]);
+        lo.moveToNextLine();
+        // BUFFERED layout: x/y
+        Asserts.assertTrue(lo.getCurrentLine().startsWith("BUFFERED layout"));
+        String[] payloadLayoutLine = lo.getCurrentLine().split("\\s+");
+        String[] size_align = payloadLayoutLine[2].split("/");
+        cl.payloadSize = Integer.parseInt(size_align[0]);
+        cl.payloadAlignment = Integer.parseInt(size_align[1]);
+        lo.moveToNextLine();
+        // NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT layout: x/y
+        Asserts.assertTrue(lo.getCurrentLine().startsWith("NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT layout"));
+        String[] nonAtomicLayoutLine = lo.getCurrentLine().split("\\s+");
+        size_align = nonAtomicLayoutLine[2].split("/");
+        if (size_align[0].contentEquals("-")) {
+          Asserts.assertTrue(size_align[1].contentEquals("-"), "Size/Alignment mismatch");
+          cl.nullFreeNonAtomicLayoutSize = -1;
+          cl.nullFreeNonAtomicLayoutAlignment = -1;
+        } else {
+          cl.nullFreeNonAtomicLayoutSize = Integer.parseInt(size_align[0]);
+          cl.nullFreeNonAtomicLayoutAlignment = Integer.parseInt(size_align[1]);
+        }
+        lo.moveToNextLine();
+        // NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT layout: x/y
+        Asserts.assertTrue(lo.getCurrentLine().startsWith("NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT layout"));
+        String[] atomicLayoutLine = lo.getCurrentLine().split("\\s+");
+        size_align = atomicLayoutLine[2].split("/");
+        if (size_align[0].contentEquals("-")) {
+          Asserts.assertTrue(size_align[1].contentEquals("-"), "Size/Alignment mismatch");
+          cl.nullFreeAtomicLayoutSize = -1;
+          cl.nullFreeAtomicLayoutAlignment = -1;
+        } else {
+          cl.nullFreeAtomicLayoutSize = Integer.parseInt(size_align[0]);
+          cl.nullFreeAtomicLayoutAlignment = Integer.parseInt(size_align[1]);
+        }
+        lo.moveToNextLine();
+        // Nullable atomic flat layout: x/y
+        Asserts.assertTrue(lo.getCurrentLine().startsWith("NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT layout"));
+        String[] nullableAtomicLayoutLine = lo.getCurrentLine().split("\\s+");
+        size_align = nullableAtomicLayoutLine[2].split("/");
+        if (size_align[0].contentEquals("-")) {
+          Asserts.assertTrue(size_align[1].contentEquals("-"), "Size/Alignment mismatch");
+          cl.nullableAtomicLayoutSize = -1;
+          cl.nullableAtomicLayoutAlignment = -1;
+        } else {
+          cl.nullableAtomicLayoutSize = Integer.parseInt(size_align[0]);
+          cl.nullableAtomicLayoutAlignment = Integer.parseInt(size_align[1]);
+        }
+        lo.moveToNextLine();
+        // Nullable non-atomic flat layout: x/y
+        Asserts.assertTrue(lo.getCurrentLine().startsWith("NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT layout"));
+        String[] nullableNonAtomicLayoutLine = lo.getCurrentLine().split("\\s+");
+        size_align = nullableNonAtomicLayoutLine[2].split("/");
+        if (size_align[0].contentEquals("-")) {
+          Asserts.assertTrue(size_align[1].contentEquals("-"), "Size/Alignment mismatch");
+          cl.nullableNonAtomicLayoutSize = -1;
+          cl.nullableNonAtomicLayoutAlignment = -1;
+        } else {
+          cl.nullableNonAtomicLayoutSize = Integer.parseInt(size_align[0]);
+          cl.nullableNonAtomicLayoutAlignment = Integer.parseInt(size_align[1]);
+        }
+        lo.moveToNextLine();
+        // Null marker offset = 15 (if class has a nullable flat layout)
+        if (cl.nullableAtomicLayoutSize != -1 || cl.nullableNonAtomicLayoutSize != -1) {
+          Asserts.assertTrue(lo.getCurrentLine().startsWith("Null marker offset"));
+          String[] nullMarkerLine = lo.getCurrentLine().split("\\s+");
+          cl.nullMarkerOffset = Integer.parseInt(nullMarkerLine[4]);
+          lo.moveToNextLine();
+        } else {
+          cl.nullMarkerOffset = -1;
+        }
+        // Non-oop acmp map <offset,size>: <12,1> <16,4> ...
+        Asserts.assertTrue(lo.getCurrentLine().startsWith("Non-oop acmp map <offset,size>"), lo.getCurrentLine());
+        String[] acmpNonoopLine = lo.getCurrentLine().split("\\s+");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(acmpNonoopLine.length >= 4, "Wrong format for non-oop acmp map line: " + lo.getCurrentLine());
+        for (int i = 4; i < acmpNonoopLine.length; i++) {
+          String[] offset_size = acmpNonoopLine[i].split(",");
+          Asserts.assertTrue(offset_size.length == 2, "Wrong format for acmp map entry: " + acmpNonoopLine[i]);
+          int offset = Integer.parseInt(offset_size[0].substring(1)); // skipping '<'
+          int size = Integer.parseInt(offset_size[1].substring(0, offset_size[1].length() - 1)); // skipping '>'
+          cl.nonOopAcmpMap.add(new AcmpMapSegment(offset, size));
+        }
+        lo.moveToNextLine();
+        // oop acmp map: 12 16 ...
+        Asserts.assertTrue(lo.getCurrentLine().startsWith("oop acmp map"), lo.getCurrentLine());
+        String[] acmpOopLine = lo.getCurrentLine().split("\\s+");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(acmpOopLine.length >= 3, "Wrong format for oop acmp map line: " + lo.getCurrentLine());
+        for (int i = 3; i < acmpOopLine.length; i++) {
+          cl.oopAcmpMap.add(Integer.parseInt(acmpOopLine[i]));
+        }
+        lo.moveToNextLine();
+      } else {
+        cl.isValue = false;
+      }
+      Asserts.assertTrue(lo.getCurrentLine().startsWith("---"), lo.getCurrentLine());
+      lo.moveToNextLine();
+      return cl;
+    }
+
+    FieldBlock getFieldAtOffset(int offset, boolean isStatic) {
+      ArrayList<FieldBlock> fields = isStatic ? staticFields : nonStaticFields;
+      for (FieldBlock block : fields) {
+        if (block.offset == offset) return block;
+      }
+      throw new RuntimeException("No " + (isStatic ? "static" : "nonstatic") + " field found at offset "+ offset);
+    }
+
+    public FieldBlock getFieldFromName(String fieldName, boolean isStatic) {
+      FieldBlock block = getFieldFromNameOrNull(fieldName, isStatic);
+      if (block == null) {
+        throw new RuntimeException("No " + (isStatic ? "static" : "nonstatic") + " field found with name "+ fieldName);
+      }
+      return block;
+    }
+
+    FieldBlock getFieldFromNameOrNull(String fieldName, boolean isStatic) {
+      Asserts.assertTrue(fieldName != null);
+      ArrayList<FieldBlock> fields = isStatic ? staticFields : nonStaticFields;
+      for (FieldBlock block : fields) {
+        if (block.name() == null) continue;
+        String n = block.name().substring(1, block.name().length() - 1); // in the log, name is surrounded by double quotes
+        if (fieldName.equals(n)) return block;
+      }
+      return null;
+    }
+
+  }
+
+  ArrayList<ClassLayout> layouts;
+  int oopSize;
+
+  static String signatureToName(String sig) {
+    Asserts.assertTrue((sig.charAt(0) == 'L'));
+    Asserts.assertTrue((sig.charAt(sig.length() - 1) == ';'));
+    return sig.substring(1, sig.length() - 1);
+  }
+
+  private FieldLayoutAnalyzer() {
+    layouts = new ArrayList<ClassLayout>();
+  }
+
+  public static FieldLayoutAnalyzer createFieldLayoutAnalyzer(LogOutput lo) {
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla = new FieldLayoutAnalyzer();
+    fla.generate(lo);
+    return fla;
+  }
+
+  ClassLayout getClassLayout(String name) {
+    for(ClassLayout layout : layouts) {
+      if (layout.name.equals(name)) return layout;
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  public ClassLayout getClassLayoutFromName(String name) {
+    System.out.println("We have the layouts");
+    for(ClassLayout layout : layouts) {
+      System.out.println("- " + layout.name);
+      String sub = layout.name.substring(0, layout.name.indexOf('@'));
+      System.out.println("-----> " + sub);
+      if (name.equals(sub)) return layout;
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  void checkOffsetOnFields(ArrayList<FieldBlock> fields) {
+    HashMap<Integer, FieldBlock> map = new HashMap<Integer, FieldBlock>();
+    for (FieldBlock fb : fields) {
+      Asserts.assertFalse(map.containsKey(fb.offset()), "Duplicate offset at " + fb.offset());
+      map.put(fb.offset(), fb);
+    }
+  }
+
+  void checkOffsets() {
+    for (ClassLayout layout : layouts) {
+      try {
+        checkOffsetOnFields(layout.staticFields);
+        checkOffsetOnFields(layout.nonStaticFields);
+      } catch (Throwable t) {
+        System.out.println("Unexpection exception when checking offsets in class " + layout.name);
+        throw t;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  void checkNoOverlapOnFields(ArrayList<FieldBlock> fields) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < fields.size() - 1; i++) {
+      FieldBlock f0 = fields.get(i);
+      FieldBlock f1 = fields.get(i + 1);
+      if (f0.offset + f0.size < f1.offset) {
+        throw new RuntimeException("Hole issue found at offset " + f1.offset);
+      } else if (f0.offset + f0.size > f1.offset) {
+        throw new RuntimeException("Overlap issue found at offset " + f1.offset);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  void checkNoOverlap() {
+    for (ClassLayout layout : layouts) {
+      try {
+        checkNoOverlapOnFields(layout.staticFields);
+        checkNoOverlapOnFields(layout.nonStaticFields);
+      } catch (Throwable t) {
+        System.out.println("Unexpected exception when checking for overlaps/holes in class " + layout.name);
+        throw t;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  void checkSizeAndAlignmentForField(FieldBlock block, ClassLayout layout) {
+    Asserts.assertTrue(block.size() > 0);
+    if (block.type == BlockType.RESERVED) {
+      Asserts.assertTrue(block.alignment == -1);
+      return;
+    }
+    if (block.type == BlockType.EMPTY || block.type == BlockType.PADDING
+        || block.type == BlockType.NULL_MARKER) {
+      Asserts.assertTrue(block.alignment == 1, "alignment = " + block.alignment);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    switch(block.signature()) {
+      case "Z" :
+      case "B" : Asserts.assertTrue(block.size() == 1);
+                 Asserts.assertTrue(block.alignment() == 1);
+        break;
+      case "S" :
+      case "C" : Asserts.assertTrue(block.size() == 2);
+                 Asserts.assertTrue(block.alignment() == 2);
+        break;
+      case "F" :
+      case "I" : Asserts.assertTrue(block.size() == 4);
+                 Asserts.assertTrue(block.alignment() == 4);
+        break;
+      case "J" :
+      case "D" : Asserts.assertTrue(block.size() == 8);
+                 Asserts.assertTrue(block.alignment() == 8);
+        break;
+      default: {
+        if (block.signature().startsWith("[")) {
+          Asserts.assertEquals(oopSize, block.size());
+        } else if (block.signature().startsWith("L")) {
+          if (block.type == BlockType.INHERITED) {
+            // Skip for now, will be verified when checking the class declaring the field
+          } else if (block.type == BlockType.REGULAR) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(oopSize, block.size());
+          } else {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(BlockType.FLAT, block.type);
+            ClassLayout fcl = getClassLayout(block.fieldClass);
+            Asserts.assertNotNull(fcl);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(block.size(), fcl.getSize(block.layoutKind));
+            Asserts.assertEquals(block.alignment(), fcl.getAlignment(block.layoutKind));
+          }
+        } else {
+          throw new RuntimeException("Unknown signature type: " + block.signature);
+        }
+      }
+      Asserts.assertTrue(block.offset % block.alignment == 0, "Alignment issue found at offset " + block.offset
+                                                              + " of class " + layout.name
+                                                              + " expected alignment: " + block.alignment);
+    }
+  }
+
+  void checkSizeAndAlignment() {
+    for (ClassLayout layout : layouts) {
+      try {
+        for (FieldBlock block : layout.staticFields) {
+          checkSizeAndAlignmentForField(block, layout);
+        }
+      } catch (Throwable t) {
+        System.out.println("Unexpected exception when checking size and alignment in static fields of class " + layout.name);
+        throw t;
+      }
+      try {
+        for (FieldBlock block : layout.nonStaticFields) {
+          checkSizeAndAlignmentForField(block, layout);
+        }
+      } catch (Throwable t) {
+        System.out.println("Unexpected exception when checking size and alignment in non-static fields of class " + layout.name);
+        throw t;
+      }
+      if (layout.isValue) { // true only for concrete value classes
+        // It would be better to check the alignment for all value classes (abstract and concrete),
+        // but the log doesn't include a way to identify abstract value classes yet. So, we only
+        // perform the check for concrete value classes, knowing that abstract value classes cannot
+        // be instantiated directly, they need a concrete sub-class which will have its layout verified.
+        int firstOffset = layout.firstFieldOffset;
+        Asserts.assertTrue(firstOffset % layout.payloadAlignment == 0, "First field offset " + firstOffset + " is not aligned with payload alignment " + layout.payloadAlignment + " in class " + layout.name);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Verify that fields marked as INHERITED are declared in a super class
+  void checkInheritedFields() {
+    for (ClassLayout layout : layouts) {
+      try {
+        // Preparing the list of ClassLayout of super classes
+        ArrayList<ClassLayout> supers = new ArrayList<ClassLayout>();
+        String className = layout.superName;
+        while (className != null) {
+          ClassLayout cl = getClassLayout(className);
+          supers.add(cl);
+          className = cl.superName;
+        }
+        for (FieldBlock field : layout.nonStaticFields) {
+          if (field.type == BlockType.INHERITED) {
+            int i = 0;
+            boolean found = false;
+            FieldBlock b = null;
+            while(i < supers.size() && !found) {
+              b = supers.get(i).getFieldAtOffset(field.offset, false);
+              if (b.type != BlockType.INHERITED) found = true;
+              i++;
+            }
+            String location = new String(" at " + layout.name + " offset " + field.offset());
+            Asserts.assertTrue(found, "No declaration found for an inherited field " + location);
+            Asserts.assertNotEquals(field.type, BlockType.EMPTY, location);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(field.size, b.size, location);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(field.alignment, b.alignment, location );
+            Asserts.assertEquals(field.name(), b.name(), location);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(field.signature(), b.signature(), location);
+          }
+        }
+      } catch (Throwable t) {
+        System.out.println("Unexpected exception when checking inherited fields in class " + layout.name);
+        throw t;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  static class Node {
+    ClassLayout classLayout;
+    Node superClass;
+    ArrayList<Node> subClasses = new ArrayList<Node>();
+  }
+
+  // Verify that all fields declared in a class are present in all subclass
+  void checkSubClasses() {
+    // Generating the class inheritance graph
+    HashMap<String, Node> nodes = new HashMap<String, Node>();
+    for (ClassLayout layout : layouts) {
+      try {
+        if (layout.name.contains("$$Lambda@0")) continue; // Skipping lambda classes
+        Node current = nodes.get(layout.name);
+        if (current == null) {
+          current = new Node();
+          nodes.put(layout.name, current);
+        }
+        if (current.classLayout == null) {
+          current.classLayout = layout;
+        } else {
+          Asserts.assertEQ(current.classLayout, layout);
+        }
+        if (layout.superName != null) {
+          Node superNode = nodes.get(layout.superName);
+          if (superNode == null) {
+            superNode = new Node();
+            superNode.subClasses.add(current);
+            nodes.put(layout.superName, superNode);
+          }
+          superNode.subClasses.add(current);
+        }
+      } catch (Throwable t) {
+        System.out.println("Unexpected exception when generating list of sub-classes of class " + layout.name);
+        throw t;
+      }
+    }
+    // Field verification
+    for (Node node : nodes.values()) {
+      ClassLayout layout = node.classLayout;
+      for (FieldBlock block : layout.nonStaticFields) {
+        if (block.offset() == 0) continue; // Skip object header
+        if (block.type() == BlockType.EMPTY) continue; // Empty spaces can be used by subclasses
+        if (block.type() == BlockType.PADDING) continue; // PADDING should have a finer inspection, preserved for @Contended and other imperative padding, and relaxed for abstract value conservative padding
+        if (block.type() == BlockType.NULL_MARKER) continue;
+        // A special case for PADDING might be needed too => must NOT be used in subclasses
+        for (Node subnode : node.subClasses) {
+          try {
+            checkFieldInClass(block, subnode);
+          } catch (Throwable t) {
+            System.out.println("Unexpected exception when checking subclass " + subnode.classLayout.name + " of class " + layout.name);
+            throw t;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  void checkFieldInClass(FieldBlock block, Node node) {
+    FieldBlock b = node.classLayout.getFieldAtOffset(block.offset, false);
+    Asserts.assertTrue(b.type == BlockType.INHERITED);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(b.signature(), block.signature());
+    Asserts.assertEquals(b.name(), block.name());
+    Asserts.assertEquals(b.size(), block.size());
+    Asserts.assertTrue(b.alignment() == block.alignment());
+    for (Node subnode : node.subClasses) {
+      checkFieldInClass(block, subnode);
+    }
+  }
+
+  void checkNullMarkers() {
+    for (ClassLayout layout : layouts) {
+      try {
+        BlockType last_type = BlockType.RESERVED;
+        boolean has_empty_slot = false;
+        for (FieldBlock block : layout.nonStaticFields) {
+          last_type = block.type;
+          if (block.type() == BlockType.NULL_MARKER) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(layout.hasNullMarker());
+            Asserts.assertTrue(layout.hasNullableAtomicLayout() || layout.hasNullableNonAtomicLayout());
+            Asserts.assertEQ(block.offset(), layout.nullMarkerOffset);
+          }
+          if (block.type() == BlockType.EMPTY && block.offset() >= layout.firstFieldOffset) has_empty_slot = true;
+        }
+        // null marker should not be added at the end of the layout if there's an empty slot
+        Asserts.assertTrue(last_type != BlockType.NULL_MARKER || has_empty_slot == false,
+                          "Problem detected in layout of class " + layout.name);
+        // static layout => must not have NULL_MARKERS because static fields are never flat
+        for (FieldBlock block : layout.staticFields) {
+          Asserts.assertNotEquals(block.type(), BlockType.NULL_MARKER);
+          Asserts.assertNotEquals(block.type(), BlockType.FLAT);
+        }
+      } catch (Throwable t) {
+        System.out.println("Unexpected exception while checking null markers in class " + layout.name);
+        throw t;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  void checkBufferedLayout() {
+    // The BUFFERED layout is supposed to be compatible with all other layouts,
+    // which means its size must be equal or bigger than all other supported layouts
+    // and its alignment must the alignment of the most constraining supported layout.
+    for (ClassLayout layout : layouts) {
+      try {
+        if (layout.hasNullFreeNonAtomicLayout()) {
+          Asserts.assertTrue(layout.payloadSize >= layout.nullFreeNonAtomicLayoutSize);
+          Asserts.assertTrue(layout.payloadAlignment >= layout.nullFreeNonAtomicLayoutAlignment);
+        }
+        if (layout.hasNullFreeAtomicLayout()) {
+          Asserts.assertTrue(layout.payloadSize >= layout.nullFreeAtomicLayoutSize);
+          Asserts.assertTrue(layout.payloadAlignment >= layout.nullFreeAtomicLayoutAlignment);
+        }
+        if (layout.hasNullableAtomicLayout()) {
+          Asserts.assertTrue(layout.payloadSize >= layout.nullableAtomicLayoutSize);
+          Asserts.assertTrue(layout.payloadAlignment >= layout.nullableAtomicLayoutAlignment);
+        }
+        if (layout.hasNullableNonAtomicLayout()) {
+          Asserts.assertTrue(layout.payloadSize >= layout.nullableNonAtomicLayoutSize);
+          Asserts.assertTrue(layout.payloadAlignment >= layout.nullableNonAtomicLayoutAlignment);
+        }
+      } catch (Throwable t) {
+        System.out.println("Exception while processing class " + layout.name);
+        throw t;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  void addFlatFieldToBitMap(ClassLayout cl, boolean[] bitmap, int offset, LayoutKind layoutKind) {
+    if (cl.superName != null) {
+      ClassLayout superLayout = getClassLayout(cl.superName);
+      addClassToBitMap(superLayout, bitmap, offset);
+    }
+    int fieldOffset = offset - cl.firstFieldOffset;
+    for (FieldBlock fb : cl.nonStaticFields) {
+      if (fb.isRegular() && !fb.name().equals("\".empty\"")) {
+        for (int i = fieldOffset + fb.offset(); i < fieldOffset + fb.offset() + fb.size(); i++) {
+          Asserts.assertFalse(bitmap[i], "Overlap in field at offset " + i + " of class " + cl.name);
+          bitmap[i] = true;
+        }
+      } else if (fb.isFlat()) {
+        ClassLayout fcl = getClassLayout(fb.fieldClass);
+        addFlatFieldToBitMap(fcl, bitmap, fieldOffset + fb.offset(), fb.layoutKind);
+      }
+    }
+    if (layoutKind.hasNullMarker()) {
+      Asserts.assertTrue(cl.hasNullMarker());
+      int nullMarkerOffset = fieldOffset + cl.nullMarkerOffset;
+      Asserts.assertFalse(bitmap[nullMarkerOffset], "Overlap in null marker at offset " + nullMarkerOffset + " of class " + cl.name);
+      bitmap[nullMarkerOffset] = true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  void addClassToBitMap(ClassLayout layout, boolean[] bitmap, int baseOffset) {
+    if (layout.superName != null) {
+      ClassLayout superLayout = getClassLayout(layout.superName);
+      addClassToBitMap(superLayout, bitmap, baseOffset);
+    }
+    if (baseOffset != 0) {
+      baseOffset = baseOffset - layout.firstFieldOffset;
+    }
+    for (FieldBlock block : layout.nonStaticFields) {
+      if (block.isRegular() && !block.name().equals("\".empty\"")) {
+        for (int i = baseOffset + block.offset(); i <  baseOffset +block.offset() + block.size(); i++) {
+          Asserts.assertFalse(bitmap[i], "Overlap in field at offset " + i + " of class " + layout.name);
+          bitmap[i] = true;
+        }
+      } else if (block.isFlat()) {
+        ClassLayout cl = getClassLayout(block.fieldClass);
+        addFlatFieldToBitMap(cl, bitmap, baseOffset + block.offset(), block.layoutKind);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  void checkAcmpMap() {
+    for (ClassLayout layout : layouts) {
+      if (!layout.isValue) continue;
+      System.out.println("Checking acmp map of class " + layout.name);
+      boolean[] acmpBitMap = new boolean[layout.instanceSize];
+      for (AcmpMapSegment segment : layout.nonOopAcmpMap) {
+        for (int i = segment.offset; i < segment.offset + segment.size; i++) {
+          Asserts.assertFalse(acmpBitMap[i], "Overlap in non-oop acmp map at offset " + i + " of class " + layout.name);
+          acmpBitMap[i] = true;
+        }
+      }
+      for (Integer offset : layout.oopAcmpMap) {
+        for (int i = offset; i < offset + oopSize; i++) {
+          Asserts.assertFalse(acmpBitMap[i], "Overlap in acmp map at offset " + i + " of class " + layout.name);
+          acmpBitMap[i] = true;
+        }
+      }
+      boolean[] fieldBitMap = new boolean[layout.instanceSize];
+      addClassToBitMap(layout, fieldBitMap, 0);
+      for (int i = 0; i < layout.instanceSize; i++) {
+          Asserts.assertTrue(acmpBitMap[i] == fieldBitMap[i], "AcmpMap inconsistency at offset " + i + " of class " + layout.name +
+                             " acmpBitMap = " + acmpBitMap[i] + " fieldBitMap = " + fieldBitMap[i]);
+
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public void check() {
+    checkOffsets();
+    checkNoOverlap();
+    checkSizeAndAlignment();
+    checkInheritedFields();
+    checkSubClasses();
+    checkNullMarkers();
+    checkBufferedLayout();
+    checkAcmpMap();
+  }
+
+  void postProcessing() {
+    // Abstract value class don't have a first field offset in the log, and this information is needed
+    // in the verification of acmp maps. The log doesn't contain the information needed to identify
+    // abstract value classes, so the value is computed for all classes with an uninitialized fieldFieldOffset field
+    for (ClassLayout layout : layouts) {
+      if (layout.firstFieldOffset == 0) {
+        int firstOffset = 0;
+        for (FieldBlock block : layout.nonStaticFields) {
+          if (block.isRegular() || block.isFlat() || block.type() == BlockType.INHERITED) {
+            if (block.offset() < firstOffset || firstOffset == 0) {
+              firstOffset = block.offset();
+              break;
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        layout.firstFieldOffset = firstOffset;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private void generate(LogOutput lo) {
+    try {
+      while (lo.hasMoreLines()) {
+        if (lo.getCurrentLine().startsWith("Heap oop size = ")) {
+          String[] oopSizeLine = lo.getCurrentLine().split("\\s+");
+          oopSize = Integer.parseInt(oopSizeLine[4]);
+          Asserts.assertTrue(oopSize == 4 || oopSize == 8);
+        }
+        if (lo.getCurrentLine().startsWith("Layout of class")) {
+          ClassLayout cl = ClassLayout.parseClassLayout(lo);
+          layouts.add(cl);
+        } else {
+          lo.moveToNextLine(); // skipping line
+        }
+      }
+      Asserts.assertTrue(oopSize != 0);
+    } catch (Throwable t) {
+      System.out.println("Error while processing line: " + lo.getCurrentLine());
+      throw t;
+    }
+    postProcessing();
+  }
+ }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/NullMarkersTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/NullMarkersTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..25142a23c9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/NullMarkersTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,424 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+ /*
+ * @test id=32
+ * @requires vm.bits == 32
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java NullMarkersTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.NullMarkersTest 32
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=64_COOP_CCP_NCOH
+ * @requires vm.bits == 64
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java NullMarkersTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.NullMarkersTest 64_COOP_CCP_NCOH
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=64_NCOOP_CCP_NCOH
+ * @requires vm.bits == 64
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java NullMarkersTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.NullMarkersTest 64_NCOOP_CCP_NCOH
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=64_NCOOP_NCCP_NCOH
+ * @requires vm.bits == 64
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java NullMarkersTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.NullMarkersTest 64_NCOOP_NCCP_NCOH
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=64_COOP_CCP_COH
+ * @requires vm.bits == 64
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java NullMarkersTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.NullMarkersTest 64_COOP_CCP_COH
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=64_NCOOP_CCP_COH
+ * @requires vm.bits == 64
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java NullMarkersTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.NullMarkersTest 64_NCOOP_CCP_COH
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+
+public class NullMarkersTest {
+
+static final String pkg = "runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/";
+static final String pkg_path = "runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.";
+
+  static class TestRunner {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+      Class testClass = Class.forName(pkg_path+"NullMarkersTest");
+      Asserts.assertNotNull(testClass);
+      Method[] testMethods = testClass.getMethods();
+      for (Method test : testMethods) {
+        if (test.getName().startsWith("test_")) {
+          Asserts.assertTrue(Modifier.isStatic(test.getModifiers()));
+          Asserts.assertTrue(test.getReturnType().equals(Void.TYPE));
+          System.out.println("Running " + test.getName());
+          test.invoke(null);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  static value class Value0 {
+    int i = 0;
+  }
+
+  static class Container0 {
+    Value0 val;
+  }
+
+  // Simple test with a single nullable flattenable field
+  static public void test_0() {
+    Container0 c = new Container0();
+  }
+
+  static public void check_0(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName(pkg+"NullMarkersTest$Container0");
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f = cl.getFieldFromName("val", false);
+    Asserts.assertTrue(f.isFlat());
+    Asserts.assertTrue(f.hasNullMarker());
+  }
+
+  static value class Value1 {
+    short s = 0;
+  }
+
+  static class Container1 {
+    Value1 val0;
+    Value1 val1;
+    @NullRestricted
+    Value1 val2;
+
+    Container1() {
+      val2 = new Value1();
+      super();
+    }
+  }
+
+  static public void test_1() {
+    Container1 c = new Container1();
+  }
+
+  static public void check_1(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName(pkg+"NullMarkersTest$Container1");
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f0 = cl.getFieldFromName("val0", false);
+    Asserts.assertTrue(f0.isFlat());
+    Asserts.assertTrue(f0.hasNullMarker());
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f1 = cl.getFieldFromName("val1", false);
+    Asserts.assertTrue(f1.isFlat());
+    Asserts.assertTrue(f1.hasNullMarker());
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f2 = cl.getFieldFromName("val2", false);
+    Asserts.assertTrue(f2.isFlat());
+    Asserts.assertFalse(f2.hasNullMarker());
+  }
+
+  static abstract value class Value2a {
+    byte b = 0;
+  }
+
+  static value class Value2 extends Value2a{
+    int i = 0;
+  }
+
+  static class Container2a {
+    Value2 vala;
+  }
+
+  static class Container2b extends Container2a {
+    Value2 valb;
+  }
+
+  static public void test_2() {
+    Container2b c = new Container2b();
+  }
+
+  static public void check_2(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cla = fla.getClassLayoutFromName(pkg+"NullMarkersTest$Container2a");
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock fa = cla.getFieldFromName("vala", false);
+    Asserts.assertTrue(fa.isFlat());
+    Asserts.assertTrue(fa.hasNullMarker());
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout clb = fla.getClassLayoutFromName(pkg+"NullMarkersTest$Container2b");
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock fb = clb.getFieldFromName("valb", false);
+    Asserts.assertTrue(fb.isFlat());
+    Asserts.assertTrue(fb.hasNullMarker());
+  }
+
+  static value class Value3 {
+    float f = 0.0f;
+  }
+
+  static class Container3a {
+    @NullRestricted
+    Value3 val0;
+    Value3 val1;
+
+    Container3a() {
+      val0 = new Value3();
+      super();
+    }
+  }
+
+  static class Container3b extends Container3a {
+    Value3 val2;
+    @NullRestricted
+    Value3 val3;
+
+    Container3b() {
+      val3 = new Value3();
+      super();
+    }
+  }
+
+  static class Container3c extends Container3b {
+    Value3 val4;
+    Value3 val5;
+  }
+
+  static public void test_3() {
+    Container3c c = new Container3c();
+  }
+
+  static public void check_3(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cla = fla.getClassLayoutFromName(pkg+"NullMarkersTest$Container3a");
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f0 = cla.getFieldFromName("val0", false);
+    Asserts.assertTrue(f0.isFlat());
+    Asserts.assertFalse(f0.hasNullMarker());
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f1 = cla.getFieldFromName("val1", false);
+    Asserts.assertTrue(f1.isFlat());
+    Asserts.assertTrue(f1.hasNullMarker());
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout clb = fla.getClassLayoutFromName(pkg+"NullMarkersTest$Container3b");
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f2 = clb.getFieldFromName("val2", false);
+    Asserts.assertTrue(f2.isFlat());
+    Asserts.assertTrue(f2.hasNullMarker());
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f3 = clb.getFieldFromName("val3", false);
+    Asserts.assertTrue(f3.isFlat());
+    Asserts.assertFalse(f3.hasNullMarker());
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout clc = fla.getClassLayoutFromName(pkg+"NullMarkersTest$Container3c");
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f4 = clc.getFieldFromName("val4", false);
+    Asserts.assertTrue(f4.isFlat());
+    Asserts.assertTrue(f4.hasNullMarker());
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f5 = clc.getFieldFromName("val5", false);
+    Asserts.assertTrue(f5.isFlat());
+    Asserts.assertTrue(f5.hasNullMarker());
+  }
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class Value4 {
+    int i = 0;
+    byte b = 0;
+  }
+
+  static class Container4 {
+    Value4 val0;
+    Value4 val1;
+  }
+
+  static public void test_4() {
+    Container4 c = new Container4();
+  }
+
+  static void check_4(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName(pkg+"NullMarkersTest$Container4");
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f0 = cl.getFieldFromName("val0", false);
+    Asserts.assertTrue(f0.isFlat());
+    Asserts.assertTrue(f0.hasNullMarker());
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f1 = cl.getFieldFromName("val1", false);
+    Asserts.assertTrue(f1.isFlat());
+    Asserts.assertTrue(f1.hasNullMarker());
+  }
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class Value5a {
+    short s = 0;
+    byte b = 0;
+  }
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class Value5b {
+    @NullRestricted
+    Value5a val0 = new Value5a();
+    @NullRestricted
+    Value5a val1 = new Value5a();
+  }
+
+  static class Container5 {
+    Value5a vala;
+    Value5b valb0;
+    Value5b valb1;
+  }
+
+  static public void test_5() {
+    Container5 c = new Container5();
+  }
+
+  static void check_5(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName(pkg+"NullMarkersTest$Container5");
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock fa = cl.getFieldFromName("vala", false);
+    Asserts.assertTrue(fa.isFlat());
+    Asserts.assertTrue(fa.hasNullMarker());
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock fb0 = cl.getFieldFromName("valb0", false);
+    Asserts.assertTrue(fb0.isFlat());
+    Asserts.assertTrue(fb0.hasNullMarker());
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock fb1 = cl.getFieldFromName("valb1", false);
+    Asserts.assertTrue(fb1.isFlat());
+    Asserts.assertTrue(fb1.hasNullMarker());
+  }
+
+  static ProcessBuilder exec(String compressedOopsArg, String compressedKlassPointersArg, String... args) throws Exception {
+    List<String> argsList = new ArrayList<>();
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "--enable-preview");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+PrintFieldLayout");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "-Xshare:off");
+    if (compressedOopsArg != null) {
+      Collections.addAll(argsList, compressedOopsArg);
+    }
+    if (compressedKlassPointersArg != null) {
+      Collections.addAll(argsList, compressedKlassPointersArg);
+    }
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "-Xmx256m");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening");
+   Collections.addAll(argsList, "-cp", System.getProperty("java.class.path") + System.getProperty("path.separator") + ".");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, args);
+    return ProcessTools.createTestJavaProcessBuilder(argsList);
+  }
+
+  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+    String compressedOopsArg;
+    String compressedKlassPointersArg;
+    String compactObjectHeaderArg;
+
+    switch(args[0]) {
+      case "32":
+        compressedOopsArg = null;
+        compressedKlassPointersArg = null;
+        compactObjectHeaderArg = null;
+        break;
+      case "64_COOP_CCP_NCOH":
+        compressedOopsArg = "-XX:+UseCompressedOops";
+        compressedKlassPointersArg =  "-XX:+UseCompressedClassPointers";
+        compactObjectHeaderArg = "-XX:-UseCompactObjectHeaders";
+        break;
+      case "64_NCOOP_CCP_NCOH":
+        compressedOopsArg = "-XX:-UseCompressedOops";
+        compressedKlassPointersArg = "-XX:+UseCompressedClassPointers";
+        compactObjectHeaderArg = "-XX:-UseCompactObjectHeaders";
+        break;
+      case "64_NCOOP_NCCP_NCOH":
+        compressedOopsArg = "-XX:-UseCompressedOops";
+        compressedKlassPointersArg = "-XX:-UseCompressedClassPointers";
+        compactObjectHeaderArg = "-XX:-UseCompactObjectHeaders";
+        break;
+      case "64_COOP_CCP_COH":
+        compressedOopsArg = "-XX:+UseCompressedOops";
+        compressedKlassPointersArg = "-XX:+UseCompressedClassPointers";
+        compactObjectHeaderArg = "-XX:+UseCompactObjectHeaders";
+        break;
+      case "64_NCOOP_CCP_COH":
+        compressedOopsArg = "-XX:-UseCompressedOops";
+        compressedKlassPointersArg = "-XX:+UseCompressedClassPointers";
+        compactObjectHeaderArg = "-XX:+UseCompactObjectHeaders";
+        break;
+      default: throw new RuntimeException("Unrecognized configuration");
+    }
+
+    // Generate test classes
+    NullMarkersTest fat = new NullMarkersTest();
+
+    // Execute the test runner in charge of loading all test classes
+    ProcessBuilder pb = exec(compressedOopsArg, compressedKlassPointersArg, pkg+"NullMarkersTest$TestRunner");
+    OutputAnalyzer out = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+
+    if (out.getExitValue() != 0) {
+      System.out.print(out.getOutput());
+    }
+    Asserts.assertEquals(out.getExitValue(), 0, "Something went wrong while running the tests");
+
+    // Get and parse the test output
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LogOutput lo = new FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LogOutput(out.asLines());
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla =  FieldLayoutAnalyzer.createFieldLayoutAnalyzer(lo);
+
+    // Running tests verification method (check that tests produced the right configuration)
+    Class testClass = NullMarkersTest.class;
+      Method[] testMethods = testClass.getMethods();
+      for (Method test : testMethods) {
+        if (test.getName().startsWith("check_")) {
+          Asserts.assertTrue(Modifier.isStatic(test.getModifiers()));
+          Asserts.assertTrue(test.getReturnType().equals(Void.TYPE));
+          test.invoke(null, fla);
+        }
+      }
+
+    // Verify that all layouts are correct
+    try {
+        fla.check();
+    } catch (Throwable t) {
+        System.out.print(out.getOutput());
+        throw t;
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/StrictFinalTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/StrictFinalTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4b4c12c309b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/StrictFinalTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,303 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+ /*
+ * @test
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java StrictFinalTest.java
+ * @compile StrictFinalTest.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor StrictFinalTest
+ *             StrictFinalTest$Container5 StrictFinalTest$Container6
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening StrictFinalTest
+ */
+
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictInit;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+
+import runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.FieldLayoutAnalyzer;
+
+public class StrictFinalTest {
+
+    static class TestRunner {
+        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+            Class testClass = Class.forName("StrictFinalTest");
+            Asserts.assertNotNull(testClass);
+            Method[] testMethods = testClass.getMethods();
+            for (Method test : testMethods) {
+                if (test.getName().startsWith("test_")) {
+                    Asserts.assertTrue(Modifier.isStatic(test.getModifiers()));
+                    Asserts.assertTrue(test.getReturnType().equals(Void.TYPE));
+                    System.out.println("Running " + test.getName());
+                    test.invoke(null);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Value0 {
+        // bigger than 64 bits even without the null marker
+        long i = 0;
+        long j = 0;
+    }
+
+    static value class Container0 {
+        Value0 val0;
+        Container0(Value0 v) {
+          val0 = v;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static public void test_0() {
+        var c = new Container0(null);
+        Asserts.assertNull(c.val0);
+        c = new Container0(new Value0());
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(c.val0);
+    }
+
+    static public void check_0(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("StrictFinalTest$Container0");
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f = cl.getFieldFromName("val0", false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT, f.layoutKind());
+    }
+
+    static value class Value1 {
+        // Just big enough to be bigger than 64 bits with the null marker
+        int i = 0;
+        int j = 0;
+    }
+
+    static value class Container1 {
+        Value1 val0;
+        Container1(Value1 v) {
+          val0 = v;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static public void test_1() {
+        var c = new Container1(null);
+        Asserts.assertNull(c.val0);
+        c = new Container1(new Value1());
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(c.val0);
+    }
+
+    static public void check_1(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("StrictFinalTest$Container1");
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f = cl.getFieldFromName("val0", false);
+        // Value classes' fields are always strict and final, must be flattened
+        Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT, f.layoutKind());
+    }
+
+    static class Container2 {
+        Value1 val0;
+    }
+
+
+    static public void test_2() {
+        Container2 c = new Container2();
+        Asserts.assertNull(c.val0);
+        c.val0 = new Value1();
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(c.val0);
+        c.val0 = null;
+        Asserts.assertNull(c.val0);
+    }
+
+    static public void check_2(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("StrictFinalTest$Container2");
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f = cl.getFieldFromName("val0", false);
+        // Not strict nor final, must not be flattened
+        Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NON_FLAT, f.layoutKind());
+    }
+
+    // Test temporarily disabled, to be be re-enabled when strict non-final fields are supported
+    //
+    // static class Container3 {
+    //     @StrictInit
+    //     Value1 val0 = new Value1();
+    // }
+
+
+    // static public void test_3() {
+    //     Container3 c = new Container3();
+    // }
+
+    // static public void check_3(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+    //     FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("StrictFinalTest$Container3");
+    //     FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f = cl.getFieldFromName("val0", false);
+    //     // Not final, must not be flattened
+    //     Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NON_FLAT, f.layoutKind());
+    // }
+
+    static class Container4 {
+        final Value1 val0;
+        Container4(Value1 v) {
+          val0 = v;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    static public void test_4() {
+        var c = new Container4(null);
+        Asserts.assertNull(c.val0);
+        c = new Container4(new Value1());
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(c.val0);
+    }
+
+    static public void check_4(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("StrictFinalTest$Container4");
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f = cl.getFieldFromName("val0", false);
+        // Not strict, must not be flattened
+        Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NON_FLAT, f.layoutKind());
+    }
+
+    static class Container5 {
+        @StrictInit
+        final Value1 val0;
+        Container5(Value1 v) {
+          val0 = v;
+          super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static public void test_5() {
+        var c = new Container5(new Value1());
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(c.val0);
+        c = new Container5(null);
+        Asserts.assertNull(c.val0);
+    }
+
+    static public void check_5(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("StrictFinalTest$Container5");
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f = cl.getFieldFromName("val0", false);
+        // Strict and final, must be flattened
+        Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT, f.layoutKind());
+    }
+
+    static class Container6 {
+        @StrictInit
+        final Value1 val0;
+
+        Container6() {
+            val0 = null;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static public void test_6() {
+        Container6 c = new Container6();
+        Asserts.assertNull(c.val0);
+    }
+
+    static public void check_6(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("StrictFinalTest$Container6");
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f = cl.getFieldFromName("val0", false);
+        // Strict and final, must be flattened
+        Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT, f.layoutKind());
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Container7 {
+        Value1 val0;
+        Container7(Value1 v) {
+          val0 = v;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static public void test_7() {
+        var c = new Container7(new Value1());
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(c.val0);
+        c = new Container7(null);
+        Asserts.assertNull(c.val0);
+    }
+
+    static public void check_7(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("StrictFinalTest$Container7");
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f = cl.getFieldFromName("val0", false);
+        // Container is not atomic, must not flattened
+        Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NON_FLAT, f.layoutKind());
+    }
+
+    static ProcessBuilder exec(String... args) throws Exception {
+        List<String> argsList = new ArrayList<>();
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "--enable-preview");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+PrintFieldLayout");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-Xshare:off");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-Xmx256m");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-cp", System.getProperty("java.class.path") + System.getProperty("path.separator") + ".");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, args);
+        return ProcessTools.createTestJavaProcessBuilder(argsList);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+
+        // Generate test classes
+        StrictFinalTest sft = new StrictFinalTest();
+
+        // Execute the test runner in charge of loading all test classes
+        ProcessBuilder pb = exec("StrictFinalTest$TestRunner");
+        OutputAnalyzer out = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+
+        // Checking the status of the process execution before trying to parse the output
+        out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+
+        // Get and parse the test output
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LogOutput lo = new FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LogOutput(out.asLines());
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla =  FieldLayoutAnalyzer.createFieldLayoutAnalyzer(lo);
+
+        // Running tests verification method (check that tests produced the right configuration)
+        Class testClass = StrictFinalTest.class;
+        Method[] testMethods = testClass.getMethods();
+        for (Method test : testMethods) {
+            if (test.getName().startsWith("check_")) {
+                Asserts.assertTrue(Modifier.isStatic(test.getModifiers()));
+                Asserts.assertTrue(test.getReturnType().equals(Void.TYPE));
+                test.invoke(null, fla);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Verify that all layouts are correct
+        try {
+            fla.check();
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            System.out.print(out.getOutput());
+          throw t;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/TEST.properties b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/TEST.properties
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0775c6c4ccf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/TEST.properties
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+maxOutputSize = 100000000
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/TestAbstractValueTemplate.java.template b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/TestAbstractValueTemplate.java.template
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4327e76ab96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/TestAbstractValueTemplate.java.template
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+<class_annotations>
+<class_modifiers> <class_name> <super_class> {
+    static Object[] predefined;
+<fields_declarations>
+
+    public <class_name>(<constructor_args>) {
+<fields_initialization>
+        super(<super_constructor_args>);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/TestLayoutFlags.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/TestLayoutFlags.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..be3d67f76a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/TestLayoutFlags.java
@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+ /*
+ * @test id=TestLayoutFlags_0
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java TestLayoutFlags.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.TestLayoutFlags 0
+ */
+
+ /*
+ * @test id=TestLayoutFlags_1
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java TestLayoutFlags.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.TestLayoutFlags 1
+ */
+
+ /* @test id=TestLayoutFlags_2
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java TestLayoutFlags.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.TestLayoutFlags 2
+ */
+
+ /* @test id=TestLayoutFlags_3
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java TestLayoutFlags.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.TestLayoutFlags 3
+ */
+
+/* @test id=TestLayoutFlags_4
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java TestLayoutFlags.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.TestLayoutFlags 4
+ */
+
+/* @test id=TestLayoutFlags_5
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java TestLayoutFlags.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.TestLayoutFlags 5
+ */
+
+/* @test id=TestLayoutFlags_6
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java TestLayoutFlags.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.TestLayoutFlags 6
+ */
+
+/* @test id=TestLayoutFlags_7
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java TestLayoutFlags.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.TestLayoutFlags 7
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+
+public class TestLayoutFlags {
+
+    static class TestRunner {
+        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+            Class testClass = Class.forName("runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.TestLayoutFlags");
+            Asserts.assertNotNull(testClass);
+            Method[] testMethods = testClass.getMethods();
+            for (Method test : testMethods) {
+                if (test.getName().startsWith("test_")) {
+                    Asserts.assertTrue(Modifier.isStatic(test.getModifiers()));
+                    Asserts.assertTrue(test.getReturnType().equals(Void.TYPE));
+                    System.out.println("Running " + test.getName());
+                    test.invoke(null);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Value0 {
+        byte b0 = 0;
+        byte b1 = 0;
+    }
+
+    static class Container0 {
+        Value0 val0 = new Value0();
+    }
+
+    static public void test_0() {
+        Container0 c = new Container0();
+    }
+
+    static public void check_0(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/TestLayoutFlags$Container0");
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f0 = cl.getFieldFromName("val0", false);
+        if (useNullableAtomicFlat) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT, f0.layoutKind());
+        } else {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NON_FLAT, f0.layoutKind());
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Container1 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        volatile Value0 val0;
+
+        Container1() {
+            val0 = new Value0();
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static public void test_1() {
+        Container1 c = new Container1();
+    }
+
+    static public void check_1(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/TestLayoutFlags$Container1");
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f0 = cl.getFieldFromName("val0", false);
+        // volatile fields are never flattened
+        Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NON_FLAT, f0.layoutKind());
+    }
+
+    static class Container2 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Value0 val0;
+
+        Container2() {
+            val0 = new Value0();
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static public void test_2() {
+        Container2 c = new Container2();
+    }
+
+    static public void check_2(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/TestLayoutFlags$Container2");
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f0 = cl.getFieldFromName("val0", false);
+        if (useNonAtomicFlat) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT, f0.layoutKind());
+        } else {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NON_FLAT, f0.layoutKind());
+        }
+    }
+
+    static ProcessBuilder exec(String... args) throws Exception {
+        List<String> argsList = new ArrayList<>();
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "--enable-preview");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+PrintFieldLayout");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-Xshare:off");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-Xmx256m");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, useNonAtomicFlat ? "-XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening" : "-XX:-UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, useAtomicFlat ? "-XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening" : "-XX:-UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, useNullableAtomicFlat ?  "-XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening" : "-XX:-UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-cp", System.getProperty("java.class.path") + System.getProperty("path.separator") + ".");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, args);
+        return ProcessTools.createTestJavaProcessBuilder(argsList);
+    }
+
+    static boolean useNonAtomicFlat;
+    static boolean useAtomicFlat;
+    static boolean useNullableAtomicFlat;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+
+        switch(args[0]) {
+            case "0": useNonAtomicFlat = false;
+                        useAtomicFlat = false;
+                        useNullableAtomicFlat = false;
+                        break;
+            case "1": useNonAtomicFlat = false;
+                        useAtomicFlat = true;
+                        useNullableAtomicFlat = true;
+                        break;
+            case "2": useNonAtomicFlat = false;
+                        useAtomicFlat = false;
+                        useNullableAtomicFlat = true;
+                        break;
+            case "3": useNonAtomicFlat = false;
+                        useAtomicFlat = true;
+                        useNullableAtomicFlat = false;
+                        break;
+            case "4": useNonAtomicFlat = true;
+                        useAtomicFlat = false;
+                        useNullableAtomicFlat = false;
+                        break;
+            case "5": useNonAtomicFlat = true;
+                        useAtomicFlat = true;
+                        useNullableAtomicFlat = true;
+                        break;
+            case "6": useNonAtomicFlat = true;
+                        useAtomicFlat = false;
+                        useNullableAtomicFlat = true;
+                        break;
+            case "7": useNonAtomicFlat = true;
+                        useAtomicFlat = true;
+                        useNullableAtomicFlat = false;
+                        break;
+            default: throw new RuntimeException("Unrecognized configuration");
+        }
+
+        // Generate test classes
+        TestLayoutFlags vct = new TestLayoutFlags();
+
+        // Execute the test runner in charge of loading all test classes
+        ProcessBuilder pb = exec("runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.TestLayoutFlags$TestRunner");
+        OutputAnalyzer out = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+
+        // Checking the status of the process execution before trying to parse the output
+        out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+
+        // Get and parse the test output
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LogOutput lo = new FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LogOutput(out.asLines());
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla =  FieldLayoutAnalyzer.createFieldLayoutAnalyzer(lo);
+
+        // Running tests verification method (check that tests produced the right configuration)
+        Class testClass = TestLayoutFlags.class;
+        Method[] testMethods = testClass.getMethods();
+        for (Method test : testMethods) {
+            if (test.getName().startsWith("check_")) {
+                Asserts.assertTrue(Modifier.isStatic(test.getModifiers()));
+                Asserts.assertTrue(test.getReturnType().equals(Void.TYPE));
+                test.invoke(null, fla);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Verify that all layouts are correct
+        try {
+            fla.check();
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            System.out.print(out.getOutput());
+            throw t;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/TestValueTemplate.java.template b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/TestValueTemplate.java.template
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b54df2fee4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/TestValueTemplate.java.template
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+<class_annotations>
+<class_modifiers> <class_name> <super_class> {
+    static Object[] predefined;
+    static boolean allowDuplicates = <allow_duplicates>;
+<fields_declarations>
+
+    static {
+        predefined = new Object[<NUM_PREDEFINED>];
+<predefined_values_generation>
+    }
+
+    static public <class_name> getPredefinedValue(int i) {
+        return (<class_name>)predefined[i];
+    }
+
+    public <class_name>(<constructor_args>) {
+<fields_initialization>
+        super(<super_constructor_args>);
+    }
+
+    static class Wrapper {
+      <class_name> val;
+
+      Wrapper(<class_name> v) {
+          val = v;
+      }
+    }
+
+    static public void substitutabilityTest() {
+        Class<?> c = predefined[1].getClass();
+        Field[] fields = c.getDeclaredFields();
+        int instanceFields = 0;
+        for (Field f : fields) {
+            if (!java.lang.reflect.Modifier.isStatic(f.getModifiers())) {
+                instanceFields++;
+            }
+        }
+        boolean empty = instanceFields == 0;
+        <class_name>[] array = new <class_name>[1];
+        for (int i = 0; i < <NUM_PREDEFINED>; i++) {
+            Wrapper w = new Wrapper(getPredefinedValue(i));
+            array[0] = getPredefinedValue(i);
+            if (w.val != array[0]) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected non-equal field/array comparison with value at index " + i);
+            }
+            for (int j = 0; j < <NUM_PREDEFINED>; j++) {
+                if (i == j || (empty && (i != 0 && j != 0))) {
+                    if (w.val != getPredefinedValue(j)) {
+                        throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected non-equal field comparison between predefined value at index " + i + " and " + j);
+                    }
+                    if (array[0] != getPredefinedValue(j)) {
+                        throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected non-equal array element comparison between predefined value at index " + i + " and " + j);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    boolean expectedEqual = allowDuplicates && (getPredefinedValue(i) == getPredefinedValue(j));
+                    if ((w.val == getPredefinedValue(j)) != expectedEqual) {
+                        throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected field comparison result between predefined values at index " + i + " and " + j + " expectedEqual was " + expectedEqual);
+                    }
+                    if ((array[0] == getPredefinedValue(j)) != expectedEqual) {
+                        throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected array comparison result between predefined values at index " + i + " and " + j + " expectedEqual was " + expectedEqual);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueClassGenerator.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueClassGenerator.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..19df8db6bd1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueClassGenerator.java
@@ -0,0 +1,654 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+import java.util.function.Supplier;
+import javax.tools.JavaCompiler;
+import javax.tools.JavaFileObject;
+import javax.tools.StandardJavaFileManager;
+import javax.tools.ToolProvider;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class ValueClassGenerator {
+
+    final int NUM_PREDEFINED_VALUES;
+    final Random random;
+    ArrayList<PrimitiveDesc> primitiveTypes;
+    ArrayList<ConcreteValueClassDesc> valueTypes;
+    ArrayList<AbstractValueClassDesc> abstractValueTypes = new ArrayList<>();
+    ArrayList<TypeDesc> referenceTypes = new ArrayList<>();
+    static String classTemplate;
+    static String abstractValueClassTemplate;
+    Path workDir = null;
+
+    static {
+        try {
+            String path = System.getProperty("test.src");
+            classTemplate = Files.readString(Path.of(path, "TestValueTemplate.java.template"));
+            abstractValueClassTemplate = Files.readString(Path.of(path + File.separator + "TestAbstractValueTemplate.java.template"));
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            t.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public ArrayList<String> getValueClassesNames() {
+        ArrayList<String> res  = new ArrayList<>(valueTypes.size());
+        for (ConcreteValueClassDesc cd : valueTypes) {
+            res.add(cd.typeName);
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    public static abstract class TypeDesc {
+        String typeName;
+        // Some types simply don't have a value set large enough to allow generating of precomputed
+        // values without duplicates, or it would be too complex to try to determine if their value set
+        // is large enough. For those types we allow duplicates in the precomputed values, and we record
+        // the information in the generated class for the substitutability test.
+        boolean allowDuplicates;
+
+        public TypeDesc(String name, boolean duplicates) {
+            typeName = name;
+            allowDuplicates = duplicates;
+        }
+
+        public abstract String getPrecomputedValueAsString(int i);
+        public abstract boolean isPrimitiveType();
+        public boolean allowDuplicates() { return allowDuplicates; }
+    }
+
+    public static class PrimitiveDesc extends TypeDesc {
+        String[] precomputedValues;
+
+        public PrimitiveDesc(String name, boolean allowDuplicates, String[] values) {
+            super(name, allowDuplicates);
+            precomputedValues = values;
+        }
+
+        public String getPrecomputedValueAsString(int i) {
+            return precomputedValues[i];
+        }
+        public boolean isPrimitiveType() { return true; }
+    }
+
+
+    String[] getPregeneratedValues(Supplier<String> gen, boolean allowDuplicates, String[] startingVals) {
+        String[] vals = new String[NUM_PREDEFINED_VALUES];
+        System.arraycopy(startingVals, 0, vals, 0, startingVals.length);
+        for (int i = startingVals.length; i < NUM_PREDEFINED_VALUES; i++) {
+            boolean foundNewVal = false;
+            String s = null;
+            int counter = 0;
+            while (!foundNewVal) {
+                s = gen.get();
+                if (allowDuplicates) {
+                    break;
+                }
+                boolean alreadyExist = false;
+                for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) {
+                    if (s.compareTo(vals[j]) == 0) {
+                        alreadyExist = true;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+                foundNewVal = !alreadyExist;
+                counter++;
+                if (counter > 1000) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Failed to generate unique values");
+                }
+            }
+            vals[i] = s;
+        }
+        return vals;
+    }
+
+    void generatePrimitiveTypes() {
+      primitiveTypes = new ArrayList<>();
+      String[] boolVals = getPregeneratedValues(() -> Boolean.toString(random.nextBoolean()),
+                              true, new String[] {"true", "false"});
+      primitiveTypes.add(new PrimitiveDesc("boolean", true, boolVals));
+      String[] byteVals = getPregeneratedValues(() -> "(byte)"+Byte.toString((byte)random.nextInt()),
+                              true, new String[] {"(byte)0", "(byte)-1", "(byte)1", "Byte.MAX_VALUE", "Byte.MIN_VALUE"});
+      primitiveTypes.add(new PrimitiveDesc("byte", true, byteVals));
+      String[] charVals = getPregeneratedValues(() -> {
+                                                    char c = 0;
+                                                    do {
+                                                        c = (char)random.nextInt(Character.MAX_VALUE+1);
+
+                                                    } while (c == Character.MAX_VALUE || c == Character.MIN_VALUE);
+                                                    return "(char)"+Integer.toString(c);
+                                                  },
+                              false, new String[] {"(char)1", "Character.MAX_VALUE", "Character.MIN_VALUE"});
+      primitiveTypes.add(new PrimitiveDesc("char", false, charVals));
+      String[] shortVals = getPregeneratedValues(() -> {
+                                                    short v = 0;
+                                                    do {
+                                                        v = (short)random.nextInt();
+                                                    } while (v == Short.MAX_VALUE || v == Short.MIN_VALUE ||
+                                                             v == 0 || v == -1 || v == 1);
+                                                    return "(short)"+Integer.toString(v);
+                                                  },
+                                false, new String[] {"(short)0", "(short)-1", "(short)1", "Short.MAX_VALUE", "Short.MIN_VALUE"});
+      primitiveTypes.add(new PrimitiveDesc("short", false, shortVals));
+      String[] intVals = getPregeneratedValues(() -> {
+                                                    int v = 0;
+                                                    do {
+                                                        v = random.nextInt();
+                                                    } while (v == Integer.MAX_VALUE || v == Integer.MIN_VALUE ||
+                                                             v == 0 || v == -1 || v == 1);
+                                                    return Integer.toString(v);
+                                                  },
+                              false, new String[] {"0", "-1", "1", "Integer.MAX_VALUE", "Integer.MIN_VALUE"});
+      primitiveTypes.add(new PrimitiveDesc("int", false, intVals));
+      String[] longVals = getPregeneratedValues(() -> {
+                                                    long v = 0;
+                                                    do {
+                                                        v = random.nextLong();
+                                                    } while (v == Long.MAX_VALUE || v == Long.MIN_VALUE ||
+                                                             v == 0 || v == -1 || v == 1);
+                                                    return Long.toString(v)+"L";
+                                                  },
+                              false, new String[] {"0L", "-1L", "1L", "Long.MAX_VALUE", "Long.MIN_VALUE"});
+      primitiveTypes.add(new PrimitiveDesc("long", false, longVals));
+      String[] floatVals = getPregeneratedValues(() -> {
+                                                    float v = 0;
+                                                    do {
+                                                        v = random.nextFloat();
+                                                    } while (v == Float.MAX_VALUE || v == Float.MIN_NORMAL || v == Float.MIN_VALUE ||
+                                                             v == Float.NEGATIVE_INFINITY || v == Float.POSITIVE_INFINITY ||
+                                                             v == 0.0f || v == -1.0f || v == 1.0f);
+                                                    return Float.toString(v)+"f";
+                                                  },
+                              false, new String[] {"0.0f", "-1.0f", "1.0f", "Float.MAX_VALUE", "Float.MIN_VALUE",
+                                                   "Float.MIN_NORMAL", "Float.NEGATIVE_INFINITY", "Float.POSITIVE_INFINITY"});
+      primitiveTypes.add(new PrimitiveDesc("float", false, floatVals));
+      String[] doubleVals = getPregeneratedValues(() -> {
+                                                    double v = 0;
+                                                    do {
+                                                        v = random.nextDouble();
+                                                    } while (v == Double.MAX_VALUE || v == Double.MIN_NORMAL || v == Double.MIN_VALUE ||
+                                                             v == Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY || v == Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY ||
+                                                             v == 0.0 || v == -1.0 || v == 1.0);
+                                                    return Double.toString(v);
+                                                  },
+                              false, new String[] {"0.0", "-1.0", "1.0", "Double.MAX_VALUE", "Double.MIN_VALUE",
+                                                   "Double.MIN_NORMAL", "Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY", "Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY"});
+      primitiveTypes.add(new PrimitiveDesc("double", false, doubleVals));
+    }
+
+    void printPredefinedPrimitiveValues() {
+        for (PrimitiveDesc desc : primitiveTypes) {
+            System.out.print(desc.typeName + ": ");
+            for (String s : desc.precomputedValues) {
+                System.out.print(s + " ");
+            }
+            System.out.println("");
+        }
+    }
+
+    // We need at least one identity class to test identity fields
+    // We just use String for that, no need to store pregenerated values
+    public class StringClassDesc extends TypeDesc {
+        StringClassDesc() {
+            super("String", false);
+        }
+
+        public String getPrecomputedValueAsString(int i) {
+            return "\"" + Integer.toString(i) + "\"";
+        }
+
+        public boolean isPrimitiveType() { return false; }
+    }
+
+    void generateStringClass() {
+        referenceTypes = new ArrayList<>();
+        referenceTypes.add(new StringClassDesc());
+    }
+
+    public static class FieldDesc {
+        String name;
+        TypeDesc type;
+        boolean isNullRestricted;
+
+        FieldDesc(String name, TypeDesc type, boolean isNullRestricted) {
+            this.name = name;
+            this.type = type;
+            this.isNullRestricted = isNullRestricted;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public abstract class ValueClassDesc extends TypeDesc {
+        AbstractValueClassDesc superClass;
+        ArrayList<FieldDesc> fields;
+        boolean isLooselyConsistent;
+
+        ValueClassDesc(String name, boolean allowDuplicates, AbstractValueClassDesc superClass,
+                       ArrayList<FieldDesc> fields, boolean isLooselyConsistent) {
+            super(name, allowDuplicates);
+            this.superClass = superClass;
+            this.fields = fields;
+            this.isLooselyConsistent = isLooselyConsistent;
+        }
+
+        public boolean isPrimitiveType() { return false; }
+
+        String generateFieldsDeclarations() {
+            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+            for (FieldDesc fd : fields) {
+                if (fd.isNullRestricted) {
+                    sb.append("\t@NullRestricted\n");
+                }
+                sb.append("\t").append(fd.type.typeName).append(" ").append(fd.name).append(";\n");
+            }
+            return sb.toString();
+        }
+
+        String generateConstructorArgumentsWithTypes() {
+            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+            if (superClass != null) {
+                sb.append(superClass.generateConstructorArgumentsWithTypes());
+                if (fields.size() != 0) sb.append(", ");
+            }
+            int offset = superClass != null ? superClass.getNumberOfConstructorArguments() : 0;
+            for (int i = 0; i < fields.size(); i++) {
+                FieldDesc fd = fields.get(i);
+                sb.append(fd.type.typeName).append(" a").append(i + offset);
+                if (i != fields.size() - 1) sb.append(", ");
+            }
+            return sb.toString();
+        }
+
+        String generateConstructorArguments() {
+            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+            if (superClass != null) {
+                sb.append(superClass.generateConstructorArguments());
+                if (fields.size() != 0) sb.append(", ");
+            }
+            int offset = superClass != null ? superClass.getNumberOfConstructorArguments() : 0;
+            for (int i = 0; i < fields.size(); i++) {
+                FieldDesc fd = fields.get(i);
+                sb.append("a").append(i + offset);
+                if (i != fields.size() - 1) sb.append(", ");
+            }
+            return sb.toString();
+        }
+
+        String generateFieldInitialization() {
+            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+            int offset = superClass != null ? superClass.getNumberOfConstructorArguments() : 0;
+            for (int i = 0; i < fields.size(); i++) {
+                FieldDesc fd = fields.get(i);
+                sb.append("\t").append(fd.name).append(" = a").append(i + offset).append(";\n");
+            }
+            return sb.toString();
+        }
+
+        public String[] getRandomConstructorArgumentAsString() {
+            // This method returns two strings in an array.
+            // The first one is the String to be used in the generated source file, but it cannot be used
+            // to check the uniqueness of the generated set of values for the constructor call, because of
+            // classes allowing duplicates in their precomputed values (see JDK-8381159).
+            // So the second string is a simplified version of the first one, where the arguments for fields
+            // of types allowing duplicates are simply omitted. This second String can be used as a uniq
+            // ID for the generated String.
+            StringBuilder args = new StringBuilder();
+            StringBuilder id = new StringBuilder();
+            if (superClass != null) {
+                String[] superArgs = superClass.getRandomConstructorArgumentAsString();
+                args.append(superArgs[0]);
+                id.append(superArgs[1]);
+                if (fields.size() != 0) args.append(", ");
+            }
+            for (int i = 0; i < fields.size(); i++) {
+                FieldDesc fd = fields.get(i);
+                int idx = 0;
+                if (fd.isNullRestricted) {
+                  idx = random.nextInt(NUM_PREDEFINED_VALUES - 1) + 1;
+                } else {
+                  idx = random.nextInt(NUM_PREDEFINED_VALUES);
+                }
+                String arg = fd.type.getPrecomputedValueAsString(idx);
+                args.append(arg);
+                if (!fd.type.allowDuplicates()) id.append(arg);
+                if (i != fields.size() - 1) args.append(", ");
+            }
+            String[] res = new String[2];
+            res[0] = args.toString();
+            res[1] = id.toString();
+            return res;
+        }
+
+        int getNumberOfConstructorArguments() {
+            int res = fields.size();
+            if (superClass != null) {
+                res += superClass.getNumberOfConstructorArguments();
+            }
+            return res;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public class AbstractValueClassDesc extends ValueClassDesc {
+        AbstractValueClassDesc(String name, boolean allowDuplicates, AbstractValueClassDesc superClass,
+                               ArrayList<FieldDesc> fields, boolean isLooselyConsistent) {
+            super(name, allowDuplicates, superClass, fields, isLooselyConsistent);
+        }
+
+        public String getPrecomputedValueAsString(int i) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Abstract value classes don't have predefined values");
+        }
+
+        String generateSource() {
+            String src = abstractValueClassTemplate.replace("<class_modifiers>", "public abstract value class");
+            src = src.replace("<class_annotations>", isLooselyConsistent ? "@LooselyConsistentValue" : "");
+            src = src.replace("<class_name>", typeName);
+            if (superClass != null) {
+                src = src.replace("<super_class>", "extends " + superClass.typeName);
+            } else {
+                src = src.replace("<super_class>", "");
+            }
+            src = src.replace("<fields_declarations>", generateFieldsDeclarations());
+            src = src.replace("<constructor_args>", generateConstructorArgumentsWithTypes());
+            src = src.replace("<fields_initialization>", generateFieldInitialization());
+            src = src.replace("<super_constructor_args>", superClass != null ? superClass.generateConstructorArguments() : "");
+            return src;
+         }
+    }
+
+    public class ConcreteValueClassDesc extends ValueClassDesc {
+
+        public ConcreteValueClassDesc(String name, boolean allowDuplicates,
+                                      AbstractValueClassDesc superClass, ArrayList<FieldDesc> fields,
+                                      boolean isLooselyConsistent) {
+            super(name, allowDuplicates, superClass, fields, isLooselyConsistent);
+        }
+
+        public String getPrecomputedValueAsString(int i) {
+            return typeName+".getPredefinedValue("+i+")";
+        }
+
+        String generatePrecomputedValues() {
+            String[] rndVal = new String[NUM_PREDEFINED_VALUES];
+            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+            // While null is not strictly speaking part of the value set of the class, inserting
+            // it in the list of precomputed values makes the code more streamlined when picking up
+            // values later
+            sb.append("\tpredefined[0] = null;\n");
+            rndVal[0] = "null";
+            for (int i = 1; i < NUM_PREDEFINED_VALUES; i++) {
+                sb.append("\tpredefined[").append(i).append("] = new ").append(typeName).append("(");
+                boolean validNewVal = false;
+                String[] argAndId = null;
+                while (!validNewVal) {
+                    argAndId = getRandomConstructorArgumentAsString();
+                    rndVal[i] = argAndId[1];
+                    if (allowDuplicates()) {
+                        validNewVal = true;
+                    } else {
+                        boolean alreadyUsed = false;
+                        for (int k = 0; k < i; k++) {
+                            if (rndVal[i].compareTo(rndVal[k]) == 0) alreadyUsed = true;
+                        }
+                        validNewVal = !alreadyUsed;
+                    }
+                }
+                sb.append(argAndId[0]);
+                sb.append(");\n");
+            }
+            return sb.toString();
+        }
+
+        String generateSource() {
+            String src = classTemplate.replace("<class_modifiers>", "public value class");
+            src = src.replace("<class_annotations>", isLooselyConsistent ? "@LooselyConsistentValue" : "");
+            src = src.replace("<class_name>", typeName);
+            if (superClass != null) {
+                src = src.replace("<super_class>", "extends " + superClass.typeName);
+            } else {
+                src = src.replace("<super_class>", "");
+            }
+            src = src.replace("<allow_duplicates>", allowDuplicates() ? "true" : "false");
+            src = src.replace("<fields_declarations>", generateFieldsDeclarations());
+            src = src.replace("<NUM_PREDEFINED>", Integer.toString(NUM_PREDEFINED_VALUES));
+            src = src.replace("<predefined_values_generation>", generatePrecomputedValues());
+            src = src.replace("<constructor_args>", generateConstructorArgumentsWithTypes());
+            src = src.replace("<fields_initialization>", generateFieldInitialization());
+            src = src.replace("<super_constructor_args>", superClass != null ? superClass.generateConstructorArguments() : "");
+            return src;
+         }
+    }
+
+    boolean selectFields(ArrayList<FieldDesc> fields, int nfields) {
+      int nPrimitive = 0;
+      int nValues = 0;
+      if (nfields != 0) {
+          nPrimitive = random.nextInt(nfields+1);
+          nValues = nfields - nPrimitive;
+      }
+      boolean allowDuplicates = nfields == 0 ? true : false;
+      for (int i = 0; i < nPrimitive; i++) {
+          String fieldName = "field"+i;
+          TypeDesc fieldType = primitiveTypes.get(random.nextInt(primitiveTypes.size()));
+          if (fieldType.allowDuplicates) allowDuplicates = true;
+          FieldDesc fd = new FieldDesc(fieldName, fieldType, false);
+          fields.add(fd);
+      }
+      for (int i = nPrimitive; i < nfields; i++) {
+          String fieldName = "field"+i;
+          TypeDesc fieldType = referenceTypes.get(random.nextInt(referenceTypes.size()));
+          if (fieldType.allowDuplicates) allowDuplicates = true;
+          boolean isNullRestricted;
+          if (fieldType instanceof ValueClassDesc) {
+              isNullRestricted = random.nextInt(5) == 1;
+          } else {
+              isNullRestricted = false;
+          }
+          FieldDesc fd = new FieldDesc(fieldName, fieldType, isNullRestricted);
+          fields.add(fd);
+      }
+      return allowDuplicates;
+    }
+
+    ValueClassDesc generateValueClass(int n, int total) {
+        boolean isAbstract;
+        boolean hasSuper;
+        boolean isLooselyConsistent = false;
+        int nfields;
+        if (n == 0) { // always create the empty value as Value0
+            nfields = 0;
+            isAbstract = false;
+            hasSuper = false;
+        } else {
+            // generate at least one abstract value if there are none
+            // by halfway through the generation of all classes
+            boolean middle = n == total / 2;
+            isAbstract = (middle && abstractValueTypes.isEmpty()) || random.nextInt(16) == 1;
+            hasSuper = !abstractValueTypes.isEmpty() && (random.nextInt(16) == 1);
+            nfields = randomFieldNumber();
+            isLooselyConsistent = random.nextInt(5) == 1;
+        }
+        AbstractValueClassDesc superClass = null;
+        if (hasSuper) {
+            superClass = abstractValueTypes.get(random.nextInt(abstractValueTypes.size()));
+        }
+        ArrayList<FieldDesc> fields = new ArrayList<>(nfields);
+        boolean allowDuplicates = selectFields(fields, nfields);
+        String name = (isAbstract ? "AbstractValueClass" : "ValueClass") + n;
+        ValueClassDesc cd;
+        if (isAbstract) {
+            cd = new AbstractValueClassDesc(name, allowDuplicates, superClass, fields, isLooselyConsistent);
+        } else {
+            cd = new ConcreteValueClassDesc(name, allowDuplicates, superClass, fields, isLooselyConsistent);
+        }
+        return cd;
+    }
+
+    ConcreteValueClassDesc generateEmptyValueClass() {
+        return (ConcreteValueClassDesc)generateValueClass(0, 1);
+    }
+
+    void generateValueClasses(int n) {
+        valueTypes = new ArrayList<>();
+        abstractValueTypes = new ArrayList<>();
+        Asserts.assertEquals(referenceTypes.size(), 1, "Should contain the String class");
+        ConcreteValueClassDesc empty = generateEmptyValueClass();
+        valueTypes.add(empty);
+        referenceTypes.add(empty);
+        for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
+            ValueClassDesc c = generateValueClass(i, n);
+            if (c instanceof AbstractValueClassDesc) {
+                abstractValueTypes.add((AbstractValueClassDesc)c);
+            } else {
+                valueTypes.add((ConcreteValueClassDesc)c);
+                referenceTypes.add(c);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    int randomFieldNumber() {
+        return (int)Math.ceil(Math.exp(random.nextInt(16)/7.0));
+    }
+
+    void printStatistics(ArrayList<? extends ValueClassDesc> list) {
+        int nClasses = list.size();
+        System.out.println("Number of value classes generated: " + nClasses);
+        final int FIELDS_BUCKETS = 16;
+        int maxFields = 0;
+        int[] numberOfFields = new int[FIELDS_BUCKETS];
+        int[] primOnly = new int[FIELDS_BUCKETS];
+        int[] valOnly = new int[FIELDS_BUCKETS];
+        int[] mixed = new int[FIELDS_BUCKETS];
+        int nWithSuperClass = 0;
+        for (ValueClassDesc cd : list) {
+            int n = cd.fields.size();
+            nWithSuperClass += cd.superClass != null ? 1 : 0;
+            if (n > FIELDS_BUCKETS - 1) n = FIELDS_BUCKETS - 1;
+            numberOfFields[n]++;
+            if (n > maxFields) maxFields = n;
+            int nPrim = 0;
+            int nVal = 0;
+            for (FieldDesc fd : cd.fields) {
+                if (fd.type.isPrimitiveType()) {
+                    nPrim++;
+                } else {
+                    nVal++;
+                }
+            }
+            if (nPrim == 0) primOnly[n]++;
+            else if (nVal == 0) valOnly[n]++;
+            else mixed[n]++;
+        }
+        System.out.println("Number of classes with super class: " + nWithSuperClass + " (" + (nWithSuperClass*100/nClasses) + "%)");
+        System.out.println("Number of fields distribution:");
+        for (int i = 0; i <= maxFields; i++) {
+            System.out.print(i + " fields: " + numberOfFields[i] + " (" + (numberOfFields[i]*100/nClasses) + "%)");
+            if (numberOfFields[i] != 0) {
+                System.out.print(" : primOnly: " + primOnly[i] + " (" + primOnly[i]*100/numberOfFields[i] + "%)");
+                System.out.print(" valOnly: " + valOnly[i] + " (" + valOnly[i]*100/numberOfFields[i] + "%)");
+                System.out.print(" mixed: " + mixed[i] + " (" + mixed[i]*100/numberOfFields[i] + "%)");
+            }
+            System.out.println("");
+        }
+    }
+
+    void writeValueClasses() {
+        for (ConcreteValueClassDesc cd : valueTypes) {
+            File file = new File(workDir.toFile(), cd.typeName + ".java" );
+            try (PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(file)) {
+                out.println(cd.generateSource());
+            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
+                e.printStackTrace();
+            }
+        }
+        for (AbstractValueClassDesc cd : abstractValueTypes) {
+            File file = new File(workDir.toFile(), cd.typeName + ".java" );
+            try (PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(file)) {
+                out.println(cd.generateSource());
+            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
+                e.printStackTrace();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    void compileValueClasses() {
+        JavaCompiler compiler = ToolProvider.getSystemJavaCompiler();
+        File[] files = new File[valueTypes.size() + abstractValueTypes.size()];
+        for (int i = 0; i < valueTypes.size(); i++) {
+            files[i] = new File(workDir.toFile(), valueTypes.get(i).typeName + ".java");
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < abstractValueTypes.size(); i++) {
+            files[valueTypes.size() + i] = new File(workDir.toFile(), abstractValueTypes.get(i).typeName + ".java");
+        }
+        ArrayList<String> optionList = new ArrayList<>();
+        optionList.addAll(Arrays.asList("-source", Integer.toString(Runtime.version().feature())));
+        optionList.addAll(Arrays.asList("--enable-preview"));
+        optionList.addAll(Arrays.asList("--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED"));
+        optionList.addAll(Arrays.asList("-d", workDir.toString()));
+        StandardJavaFileManager sjfm = compiler.getStandardFileManager(null, null, null);
+        Iterable<? extends JavaFileObject> fileObjects = sjfm.getJavaFileObjects(files);
+        JavaCompiler.CompilationTask task = compiler.getTask(null, null, null, optionList, null, fileObjects);
+        if (!task.call()) {
+            throw new AssertionError("test failed due to a compilation error");
+        }
+        try {
+            sjfm.close();
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public List<String> generateAll(int numClasses, Path workDir) {
+        this.workDir = workDir;
+        generatePrimitiveTypes();
+        generateStringClass();
+        generateValueClasses(numClasses);
+        System.out.println("Generated " + valueTypes.size() + " concrete value classes and " + abstractValueTypes.size() + " abstract value classes");
+        System.out.println("Abstract value classes statistics:");
+        printStatistics(abstractValueTypes);
+        System.out.println("Concrete value classes statistics:");
+        printStatistics(valueTypes);
+        writeValueClasses();
+        compileValueClasses();
+        List<String> valueClassNames =
+            valueTypes.stream().map(cd -> cd.typeName).collect(Collectors.toList());
+        return valueClassNames;
+    }
+
+    public ValueClassGenerator(Random rand, int nPredefined) {
+        random = rand;
+        NUM_PREDEFINED_VALUES = nPredefined;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueComparisonTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueComparisonTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2b5f7f01108
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueComparisonTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+ /*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile ValueClassGenerator.java ValueComparisonTest.java
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=exclude,ValueClass*::* runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.ValueComparisonTest
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.net.MalformedURLException;
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.net.URLClassLoader;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+
+public class ValueComparisonTest {
+
+    static void runSubstitutabilityTest(String classname, Path tempWorkDir) {
+        Class<?> c = null;
+
+        URL[] cp = null;
+        try {
+            cp = new URL[]{tempWorkDir.toFile().toURI().toURL()};
+        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+        URLClassLoader urlcl = new URLClassLoader(cp);
+        try {
+            c = urlcl.loadClass(classname);
+        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+        try {
+            Method m = c.getDeclaredMethod("substitutabilityTest");
+            m.invoke(null);
+        } catch (NoSuchMethodException | IllegalAccessException | InvocationTargetException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Path tempWorkDir;
+        try {
+            tempWorkDir = Utils.createTempDirectory("generatedClasses_");
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            System.err.println("Failed to create temporary directory: " + e.getMessage());
+            e.printStackTrace();
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+
+        var gen = new ValueClassGenerator(Utils.getRandomInstance(), 256);
+        gen.generateAll(128,  tempWorkDir);
+        for (String classname : gen.getValueClassesNames()) {
+            runSubstitutabilityTest(classname, tempWorkDir);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueCompositionTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueCompositionTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6179dd77c2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueCompositionTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,511 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+ /*
+ * @test id=ValueCompositionTest_no_atomic_flat_and_no_nullable_atomic_flat
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java ValueCompositionTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.ValueCompositionTest 0
+ */
+
+ /*
+ * @test id=ValueCompositionTest_atomic_flat_and_nullable_atomic_flat
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java ValueCompositionTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.ValueCompositionTest 1
+ */
+
+ /* @test id=ValueCompositionTest_no_atomic_flat_and_nullable_flat
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java ValueCompositionTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.ValueCompositionTest 2
+ */
+
+ /* @test id=ValueCompositionTest_atomic_flat_and_no_nullable_atomic_flat_and_no_nullable_nonatomic_flat
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java ValueCompositionTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.ValueCompositionTest 3
+ */
+
+ /* @test id=ValueCompositionTest_no_atomic_flat_and_nullable_atomic_flat_and_no_nullable_non_atomic_flat
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java ValueCompositionTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.ValueCompositionTest 4
+ */
+
+ /* @test id=ValueCompositionTest_no_atomic_flat_and_nullable_atomic_flat_and_nullable_non_atomic_flat
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java ValueCompositionTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.ValueCompositionTest 5
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+
+public class ValueCompositionTest {
+
+  static class TestRunner {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+      Class testClass = Class.forName("runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.ValueCompositionTest");
+      Asserts.assertNotNull(testClass);
+      Method[] testMethods = testClass.getMethods();
+      for (Method test : testMethods) {
+        if (test.getName().startsWith("test_")) {
+          Asserts.assertTrue(Modifier.isStatic(test.getModifiers()));
+          Asserts.assertTrue(test.getReturnType().equals(Void.TYPE));
+          System.out.println("Running " + test.getName());
+          test.invoke(null);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  static value class Value0 {
+    byte b0 = 0;
+    byte b1 = 0;
+  }
+
+  static class Container0 {
+    @NullRestricted
+    Value0 val0;
+    Value0 val1 = new Value0();
+
+    Container0() {
+      val0 = new Value0();
+      super();
+    }
+  }
+
+  static public void test_0() {
+    Container0 c = new Container0();
+  }
+
+  static public void check_0(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueCompositionTest$Container0");
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f0 = cl.getFieldFromName("val0", false);
+    if (useAtomicFlat) {
+      Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT, f0.layoutKind());
+    } else {
+      Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NON_FLAT, f0.layoutKind());
+    }
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f1 = cl.getFieldFromName("val1", false);
+    if (useNullableAtomicFlat) {
+      Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT, f1.layoutKind());
+    } else {
+      Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NON_FLAT, f1.layoutKind());
+    }
+  }
+
+  static value class Container1 {
+    @NullRestricted
+    Value0 val0 = new Value0();
+    Value0 val1 = new Value0();
+  }
+
+  static public void test_1() {
+    Container1 c = new Container1();
+  }
+
+  static public void check_1(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueCompositionTest$Container1");
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f = cl.getFieldFromName("val0", false);
+    if (useAtomicFlat) {
+      Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT, f.layoutKind());
+    } else {
+      Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NON_FLAT, f.layoutKind());
+    }
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f1 = cl.getFieldFromName("val1", false);
+    if (useNullableNonAtomicFlat) {
+      Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT, f1.layoutKind());
+    } else  if (useNullableAtomicFlat) {
+      Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT, f1.layoutKind());
+    } else {
+      Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NON_FLAT, f1.layoutKind());
+    }
+  }
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class Container2 {
+    @NullRestricted
+    Value0 val0 = new Value0();
+    Value0 val1 = new Value0();
+  }
+
+  static public void test_2() {
+    Container2 c = new Container2();
+  }
+
+  // An atomic value should not be flattened in a non-atomic value
+  static public void check_2(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueCompositionTest$Container2");
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f = cl.getFieldFromName("val0", false);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NON_FLAT, f.layoutKind());
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f1 = cl.getFieldFromName("val1", false);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NON_FLAT, f1.layoutKind());
+  }
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class Value1 {
+    byte b0 = 0;
+    byte b1 = 0;
+  }
+
+  static class Container3 {
+    @NullRestricted
+    Value1 val0;
+    Value1 val1 = new Value1();
+
+    Container3() {
+      val0 = new Value1();
+      super();
+    }
+  }
+
+  static public void test_3() {
+    Container3 c = new Container3();
+  }
+
+  static public void check_3(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueCompositionTest$Container3");
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f0 = cl.getFieldFromName("val0", false);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT, f0.layoutKind());
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f1 = cl.getFieldFromName("val1", false);
+    if (useNullableAtomicFlat) {
+      Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT, f1.layoutKind());
+    } else {
+      Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NON_FLAT, f1.layoutKind());
+    }
+  }
+
+  static value class Container4 {
+    @NullRestricted
+    Value1 val0 = new Value1();
+    Value1 val1 = new Value1();
+  }
+
+  static public void test_4() {
+    Container4 c = new Container4();
+  }
+
+  static public void check_4(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueCompositionTest$Container4");
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f0 = cl.getFieldFromName("val0", false);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT, f0.layoutKind());
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f1 = cl.getFieldFromName("val1", false);
+    if (useNullableNonAtomicFlat) {
+      Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT, f1.layoutKind());
+    } else if (useNullableAtomicFlat) {
+      Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT, f1.layoutKind());
+    } else {
+      Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NON_FLAT, f1.layoutKind());
+    }
+  }
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class Container5 {
+    @NullRestricted
+    Value1 val0 = new Value1();
+    Value1 val1 = new Value1();
+  }
+
+  static public void test_5() {
+    Container5 c = new Container5();
+  }
+
+  static public void check_5(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueCompositionTest$Container5");
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f0 = cl.getFieldFromName("val0", false);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT, f0.layoutKind());
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f1 = cl.getFieldFromName("val1", false);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NON_FLAT, f1.layoutKind());
+  }
+
+  static value class Value2 {
+    byte b0 = 0;
+  }
+
+  static class Container6 {
+    @NullRestricted
+    Value2 val0;
+    Value2 val1 = new Value2();
+
+    Container6() {
+      val0 = new Value2();
+      super();
+    }
+  }
+
+  static public void test_6() {
+    Container6 c = new Container6();
+  }
+
+  static public void check_6(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueCompositionTest$Container6");
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f0 = cl.getFieldFromName("val0", false);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT, f0.layoutKind());
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f1 = cl.getFieldFromName("val1", false);
+    if (useNullableAtomicFlat) {
+      Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT, f1.layoutKind());
+    } else {
+      Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NON_FLAT, f1.layoutKind());
+    }
+  }
+
+  static value class Container7 {
+    @NullRestricted
+    Value2 val0 = new Value2();
+    Value2 val1 = new Value2();
+  }
+
+  static public void test_7() {
+    Container7 c = new Container7();
+  }
+
+  static public void check_7(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueCompositionTest$Container7");
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f0 = cl.getFieldFromName("val0", false);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT, f0.layoutKind());
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f1 = cl.getFieldFromName("val1", false);
+    if (useNullableNonAtomicFlat) {
+      Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT, f1.layoutKind());
+    } else if (useNullableAtomicFlat) {
+      Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT, f1.layoutKind());
+    } else {
+      Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NON_FLAT, f1.layoutKind());
+    }
+  }
+
+  @LooselyConsistentValue
+  static value class Container8 {
+    @NullRestricted
+    Value2 val0 = new Value2();
+    Value2 val1 = new Value2();
+  }
+
+  static public void test_8() {
+    Container8 c = new Container8();
+  }
+
+  static public void check_8(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueCompositionTest$Container8");
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f0 = cl.getFieldFromName("val0", false);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT, f0.layoutKind());
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f1 = cl.getFieldFromName("val1", false);
+    Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NON_FLAT, f1.layoutKind());
+  }
+
+
+  // Naturally atomic value
+  static value class Value9a {
+    int i = 0;
+  }
+
+  // Also a naturally atomic value
+  static value class Value9b {
+    @NullRestricted
+    Value9a f0 = new Value9a();
+  }
+
+  // Not a naturally atomic value because it contains two "fields":
+  //   - the int field from class Value9a
+  //   - the null marker of field f1 (included in f1 flat payload)
+  static value class Value9c {
+    Value9a f1 = new Value9a();
+  }
+
+  static class Container9 {
+    @NullRestricted
+    Value9b f2;
+    @NullRestricted
+    Value9c f3;
+
+    Container9() {
+      f2 = new Value9b();
+      f3 = new Value9c();
+      super();
+    }
+  }
+
+  static public void test_9() {
+    var c = new Container9();
+  }
+
+  static public void check_9(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueCompositionTest$Container9");
+    if(useNullableNonAtomicFlat) {
+      FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f2 = cl.getFieldFromName("f2", false);
+      // Flat null-free naturally atomic value, should have a NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT layout
+      Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT, f2.layoutKind());
+      // Flat null-free non-naturally atomic value, must not have a NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT layout
+      FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f3 = cl.getFieldFromName("f3", false);
+      Asserts.assertNotEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT, f3.layoutKind());
+    }
+  }
+
+  static abstract value class Value10a { }
+
+  static value class Value10b extends Value10a {}
+
+  static class Container10 {
+    @NullRestricted
+    Value10b f0;
+    Value10b f1;
+
+    Container10() {
+      f0 = new Value10b();
+      f1 = new Value10b();
+      super();
+    }
+  }
+
+  static public void test_10() {
+    var c = new Container10();
+  }
+
+  static  public void check_10(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout cl = fla.getClassLayoutFromName("runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueCompositionTest$Container10");
+    if(useNullableNonAtomicFlat) {
+      FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f0 = cl.getFieldFromName("f0", false);
+      // Flat null-free empty value, should have a NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT layout
+      Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT, f0.layoutKind());
+      // Flat nullable empty value, should have a NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT layout
+      FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock f1 = cl.getFieldFromName("f1", false);
+      Asserts.assertEquals(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LayoutKind.NULLABLE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT, f1.layoutKind());
+    }
+  }
+
+  static ProcessBuilder exec(String... args) throws Exception {
+    List<String> argsList = new ArrayList<>();
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "--enable-preview");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+PrintFieldLayout");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "-Xshare:off");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "-Xmx512m");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, useAtomicFlat ? "-XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening" : "-XX:-UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, useNullableAtomicFlat ?  "-XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening" : "-XX:-UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, useNullableNonAtomicFlat ? "-XX:+UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening" : "-XX:-UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "-cp", System.getProperty("java.class.path") + System.getProperty("path.separator") + ".");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, args);
+    return ProcessTools.createTestJavaProcessBuilder(argsList);
+  }
+
+  static boolean useAtomicFlat;
+  static boolean useNullableAtomicFlat;
+  static boolean useNullableNonAtomicFlat;
+
+  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+
+    switch(args[0]) {
+      case "0": useAtomicFlat = false;
+                useNullableAtomicFlat = false;
+                useNullableNonAtomicFlat = false;
+                break;
+      case "1": useAtomicFlat = true;
+                useNullableAtomicFlat = true;
+                useNullableNonAtomicFlat = true;
+                break;
+      case "2": useAtomicFlat = false;
+                useNullableAtomicFlat = true;
+                useNullableNonAtomicFlat = false;
+                break;
+      case "3": useAtomicFlat = true;
+                useNullableAtomicFlat = false;
+                useNullableNonAtomicFlat = false;
+                break;
+      case "4": useAtomicFlat = false;
+                useNullableAtomicFlat = true;
+                useNullableNonAtomicFlat = false;
+                break;
+      case "5": useAtomicFlat = false;
+                useNullableAtomicFlat = true;
+                useNullableNonAtomicFlat = true;
+                break;
+      default: throw new RuntimeException("Unrecognized configuration");
+    }
+
+    // Generate test classes
+    ValueCompositionTest vct = new ValueCompositionTest();
+
+    // Execute the test runner in charge of loading all test classes
+    ProcessBuilder pb = exec("runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.ValueCompositionTest$TestRunner");
+    OutputAnalyzer out = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+
+    // Checking the status of the process execution before trying to parse the output
+    out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+
+    // Get and parse the test output
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LogOutput lo = new FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LogOutput(out.asLines());
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla =  FieldLayoutAnalyzer.createFieldLayoutAnalyzer(lo);
+
+    // Running tests verification method (check that tests produced the right configuration)
+    Class testClass = ValueCompositionTest.class;
+      Method[] testMethods = testClass.getMethods();
+      for (Method test : testMethods) {
+        if (test.getName().startsWith("check_")) {
+          Asserts.assertTrue(Modifier.isStatic(test.getModifiers()));
+          Asserts.assertTrue(test.getReturnType().equals(Void.TYPE));
+          test.invoke(null, fla);
+        }
+      }
+
+    // Verify that all layouts are correct
+    try {
+      fla.check();
+    } catch (Throwable t) {
+      System.out.print(out.getOutput());
+      throw t;
+    }
+  }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueFieldInheritanceTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueFieldInheritanceTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..87fa4591d96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueFieldInheritanceTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+  /*
+ * @test id=32
+ * @requires vm.bits == 32
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java ValueFieldInheritanceTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.ValueFieldInheritanceTest 32
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=64_COOP_CCP_NCOH
+ * @requires vm.bits == 64
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java ValueFieldInheritanceTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.ValueFieldInheritanceTest 64_COOP_CCP_NCOH
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=64_NCOOP_CCP_NCOH
+ * @requires vm.bits == 64
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java ValueFieldInheritanceTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.ValueFieldInheritanceTest 64_NCOOP_CCP_NCOH
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=64_NCOOP_NCCP_NCOH
+ * @requires vm.bits == 64
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java ValueFieldInheritanceTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.ValueFieldInheritanceTest 64_NCOOP_NCCP_NCOH
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=64_COOP_CCP_COH
+ * @requires vm.bits == 64
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java ValueFieldInheritanceTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.ValueFieldInheritanceTest 64_COOP_CCP_COH
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=64_NCOOP_CCP_COH
+ * @requires vm.bits == 64
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java ValueFieldInheritanceTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.ValueFieldInheritanceTest 64_NCOOP_CCP_COH
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+
+
+public class ValueFieldInheritanceTest {
+
+  static abstract value class AbstractNoField { };
+
+  static abstract value class AbstractOneField { byte b = 0; }
+
+  static abstract value class SubAbstractOne extends AbstractNoField { }
+
+  static abstract value class SubAbstractTwo extends AbstractOneField { }
+
+  static abstract value class SubAbstractThree extends AbstractNoField  { int i = 0; }
+
+  static abstract value class SubAbstractFour extends AbstractOneField { int i = 0; }
+
+  static class Identity0 extends AbstractNoField { }
+
+  static class Identity1 extends AbstractNoField { short s; }
+
+  static class Identity2 extends SubAbstractOne { }
+
+  static class Identity3 extends SubAbstractOne { char c; }
+
+  static class Identity4 extends SubAbstractTwo { }
+
+  static class Identity5 extends SubAbstractTwo { int i; }
+
+  static class Identity6 extends SubAbstractThree { }
+
+  static class Identity7 extends SubAbstractThree { int i; }
+
+  static class Identity8 extends SubAbstractFour { }
+
+  static class Identity9 extends SubAbstractFour { int i; }
+
+  static class ConcreteValue0 extends AbstractNoField { }
+
+  static class ConcreteValue1 extends AbstractNoField { short s; }
+
+  static class ConcreteValue2 extends SubAbstractOne { }
+
+  static class ConcreteValue3 extends SubAbstractOne { char c; }
+
+  static class ConcreteValue4 extends SubAbstractTwo { }
+
+  static class ConcreteValue5 extends SubAbstractTwo { int i; }
+
+  static class ConcreteValue6 extends SubAbstractThree { }
+
+  static class ConcreteValue7 extends SubAbstractThree { int i; }
+
+  static class ConcreteValue8 extends SubAbstractFour { }
+
+  static class ConcreteValue9 extends SubAbstractFour { int i; }
+
+  static public void test_0() {
+    var i0 = new Identity0();
+    var i1 = new Identity1();
+    var i2 = new Identity2();
+    var i3 = new Identity3();
+    var i4 = new Identity4();
+    var i5 = new Identity5();
+    var i6 = new Identity6();
+    var i7 = new Identity7();
+    var i8 = new Identity8();
+    var i9 = new Identity9();
+    var c0 = new ConcreteValue0();
+    var c1 = new ConcreteValue1();
+    var c2 = new ConcreteValue2();
+    var c3 = new ConcreteValue3();
+    var c4 = new ConcreteValue4();
+    var c5 = new ConcreteValue5();
+    var c6 = new ConcreteValue6();
+    var c7 = new ConcreteValue7();
+    var c8 = new ConcreteValue8();
+    var c9 = new ConcreteValue9();
+  }
+
+  static class TestRunner {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+      Class testClass = Class.forName("runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.ValueFieldInheritanceTest");
+      Asserts.assertNotNull(testClass);
+      Method[] testMethods = testClass.getMethods();
+      for (Method test : testMethods) {
+        if (test.getName().startsWith("test_")) {
+          Asserts.assertTrue(Modifier.isStatic(test.getModifiers()));
+          Asserts.assertTrue(test.getReturnType().equals(Void.TYPE));
+          System.out.println("Running " + test.getName());
+          test.invoke(null);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  static ProcessBuilder exec(String compressedOopsArg,
+                             String compressedKlassPointersArg,
+                             String compactObjectHeader,
+                             String... args) throws Exception {
+    List<String> argsList = new ArrayList<>();
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "--enable-preview");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+PrintFieldLayout");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "-Xshare:off");
+    if (compressedOopsArg != null) {
+      Collections.addAll(argsList, compressedOopsArg);
+    }
+    if (compressedKlassPointersArg != null) {
+      Collections.addAll(argsList, compressedKlassPointersArg);
+    }
+    if (compactObjectHeader != null) {
+      Collections.addAll(argsList, compactObjectHeader);
+    }
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "-Xmx256m");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, "-cp", System.getProperty("java.class.path") + System.getProperty("path.separator") + ".");
+    Collections.addAll(argsList, args);
+    return ProcessTools.createTestJavaProcessBuilder(argsList);
+  }
+
+  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+    String compressedOopsArg;
+    String compressedKlassPointersArg;
+    String compactObjectHeader;
+
+    switch(args[0]) {
+      case "32":
+        compressedOopsArg = null;
+        compressedKlassPointersArg = null;
+        compactObjectHeader = null;
+        break;
+      case "64_COOP_CCP_NCOH":
+        compressedOopsArg = "-XX:+UseCompressedOops";
+        compressedKlassPointersArg =  "-XX:+UseCompressedClassPointers";
+        compactObjectHeader = "-XX:-UseCompactObjectHeaders";
+        break;
+      case "64_NCOOP_CCP_NCOH":
+        compressedOopsArg = "-XX:-UseCompressedOops";
+        compressedKlassPointersArg = "-XX:+UseCompressedClassPointers";
+        compactObjectHeader = "-XX:-UseCompactObjectHeaders";
+        break;
+      case "64_NCOOP_NCCP_NCOH":
+        compressedOopsArg = "-XX:-UseCompressedOops";
+        compressedKlassPointersArg = "-XX:-UseCompressedClassPointers";
+        compactObjectHeader = "-XX:-UseCompactObjectHeaders";
+        break;
+      case "64_COOP_CCP_COH":
+        compressedOopsArg = "-XX:+UseCompressedOops";
+        compressedKlassPointersArg = "-XX:+UseCompressedClassPointers";
+        compactObjectHeader = "-XX:+UseCompactObjectHeaders";
+        break;
+      case "64_NCOOP_CCP_COH":
+        compressedOopsArg = "-XX:-UseCompressedOops";
+        compressedKlassPointersArg = "-XX:+UseCompressedClassPointers";
+        compactObjectHeader = "-XX:+UseCompactObjectHeaders";
+        break;
+      default: throw new RuntimeException("Unrecognized configuration");
+    }
+
+    // Execute the test runner in charge of loading all test classes
+    ProcessBuilder pb = exec(compressedOopsArg, compressedKlassPointersArg, compactObjectHeader,
+                             "runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.ValueFieldInheritanceTest$TestRunner");
+    OutputAnalyzer out = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+
+    // Checking the status of the process execution before trying to parse the output
+    out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+
+    // Get and parse the test output
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LogOutput lo = new FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LogOutput(out.asLines());
+    FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla =  FieldLayoutAnalyzer.createFieldLayoutAnalyzer(lo);
+
+    // Running tests verification method (check that tests produced the right configuration)
+    Class testClass = ValueFieldInheritanceTest.class;
+      Method[] testMethods = testClass.getMethods();
+      for (Method test : testMethods) {
+        if (test.getName().startsWith("check_")) {
+          Asserts.assertTrue(Modifier.isStatic(test.getModifiers()));
+          Asserts.assertTrue(test.getReturnType().equals(Void.TYPE));
+          test.invoke(null, fla);
+        }
+      }
+
+    // Verify that all layouts are correct
+    try {
+      fla.check();
+    } catch (Throwable t) {
+      System.out.print(out.getOutput());
+      throw t;
+    }
+  }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueObjectContainerTemplate.java.template b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueObjectContainerTemplate.java.template
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..060285d6bef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueObjectContainerTemplate.java.template
@@ -0,0 +1,489 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class <class_name> {
+
+    private static final Unsafe UNSAFE = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
+
+    public <value_class_name> v;
+    @NullRestricted
+    public <value_class_name> nrv;
+    public volatile <value_class_name> vv;
+    @NullRestricted
+    public volatile <value_class_name> nrvv;
+    public final <value_class_name> fv = <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(1);
+    @NullRestricted
+    public final <value_class_name>  nrfv;
+
+    public static <value_class_name> sv;
+    @NullRestricted
+    public static <value_class_name> nrsv = <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(1);
+    public static volatile <value_class_name> vsv;
+    @NullRestricted
+    public static volatile <value_class_name> nrvsv = <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(1);
+    public static final <value_class_name> fsv = <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(1);
+    @NullRestricted
+    public static final <value_class_name> nrfsv = <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(1);
+
+    public <class_name>() {
+        nrv = <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(1);
+        nrvv = <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(1);
+        nrfv =  <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(1);
+        super();
+    }
+
+    static public void runFieldsTests() throws Exception {
+        var c = new <class_name>();
+        c.testFields();
+
+        // Resetting fields for reflection tests
+        c = new <class_name>(); // simplest way to "reset" instance fields
+        sv = null;
+        nrsv = <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(1);
+        vsv = null;
+        nrvsv = <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(1);
+
+        c.testFieldsViaReflection();
+    }
+
+    void testFields() {
+        NullPointerException npe = null;
+
+        // Testing field v
+        Asserts.assertNull(v);
+        v = <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(v, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+        try {
+            v = null;
+            Asserts.assertEquals(v, null);
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(npe);
+        v = <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(3);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(v, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(3));
+
+        // Testing field nrv
+        npe = null;
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(nrv);
+        try {
+            nrv = <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(nrv, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(npe);
+        try {
+            nrv = null;
+            Asserts.assertFalse(true, "Should not reach here");
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(npe);
+
+        // Testing field vv
+        npe = null;
+        Asserts.assertNull(vv);
+        try {
+            vv = <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(vv, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(npe);
+        try {
+            vv = null;
+            Asserts.assertEquals(vv, null);
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(npe);
+        vv = <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(3);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(vv, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(3));
+
+        // Testing field nrvv
+        npe = null;
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(nrvv);
+        try {
+            nrvv = <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(nrvv, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(npe);
+        try {
+            nrvv = null;
+            Asserts.assertFalse(true, "Should not reach here");
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(npe);
+
+        // Testing field fv
+        Asserts.assertEquals(fv,  <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(1));
+
+        // Testing field nrfv
+        Asserts.assertEquals(nrfv,  <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(1));
+
+        // Testing field sv
+        npe = null;
+        Asserts.assertNull(<class_name>.sv);
+        <class_name>.sv = <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(sv, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+        try {
+            <class_name>.sv = null;
+            Asserts.assertEquals(<class_name>.sv, null);
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(npe);
+        <class_name>.sv = <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(3);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(sv, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(3));
+
+        // Testing field nrsv
+        npe = null;
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(<class_name>.nrsv);
+        try {
+            <class_name>.nrsv = <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(<class_name>.nrsv, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(npe);
+        try {
+            <class_name>.nrsv = null;
+            Asserts.assertFalse(true, "Should not reach here");
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(npe);
+
+        // Testing field vsv
+        npe = null;
+        Asserts.assertNull(<class_name>.vsv);
+        try {
+            <class_name>.vsv = <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(<class_name>.vsv, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(npe);
+        try {
+            <class_name>.vsv = null;
+            Asserts.assertEquals(<class_name>.vsv, null);
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(npe);
+        <class_name>.vsv = <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(3);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(<class_name>.vsv, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(3));
+
+        // Testing field nrvsv
+        npe = null;
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(<class_name>.nrvsv);
+        try {
+            <class_name>.nrvsv = <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(<class_name>.nrvsv, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(npe);
+        try {
+            <class_name>.nrvsv = null;
+            Asserts.assertFalse(true, "Should not reach here");
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(npe);
+
+        // Testing fsv
+        Asserts.assertEquals(<class_name>.fsv, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(1));
+
+        // Testing nrfsv
+        Asserts.assertEquals(<class_name>.nrfsv, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(1));
+    }
+
+    void testFieldsViaReflection() throws Exception {
+        Class<?> c = getClass();
+        NullPointerException npe = null;
+        Field field;
+        Object o;
+
+        // Testing field v
+        field = c.getDeclaredField("v");
+        o = field.get(this);
+        Asserts.assertNull(o);
+        field.set(this, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+        o = field.get(this);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(o, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+        try {
+            field.set(this, null);
+            o = field.get(this);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(o, null);
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(npe);
+        field.set(this, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(3));
+        o = field.get(this);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(o, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(3));
+
+        // Testing field nrv
+        npe = null;
+        field = c.getDeclaredField("nrv");
+        o = field.get(this);
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(o);
+        try {
+            field.set(this, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+            o = field.get(this);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(o, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(npe);
+        try {
+            field.set(this, null);
+            Asserts.assertFalse(true, "Should not reach here");
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(npe);
+
+        // Testing field vv
+        npe = null;
+        field = c.getDeclaredField("vv");
+        Asserts.assertFalse(UNSAFE.isFlatField(field));
+        o = field.get(this);
+        Asserts.assertNull(o);
+        try {
+            field.set(this, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+            o = field.get(this);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(o, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(npe);
+        try {
+            field.set(this, null);
+            o = field.get(this);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(o, null);
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(npe);
+        field.set(this, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(3));
+        o = field.get(this);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(o, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(3));
+
+        // Testing field nrvv
+        field = c.getDeclaredField("nrvv");
+        Asserts.assertFalse(UNSAFE.isFlatField(field));
+        npe = null;
+        o = field.get(this);
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(o);
+        try {
+            field.set(this, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+            o = field.get(this);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(o, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(npe);
+        try {
+            field.set(this, null);
+            Asserts.assertFalse(true, "Should not reach here");
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(npe);
+
+        // Testing field fv
+        IllegalAccessException iae = null;
+        field = c.getDeclaredField("fv");
+        o = field.get(this);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(o, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(1));
+        try {
+            field.set(this, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(true, "Should not reach here");
+        } catch(IllegalAccessException e) {
+            iae = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(iae);
+        iae = null;
+        try {
+            field.set(this, null);
+            Asserts.assertFalse(true, "Should not reach here");
+        } catch(IllegalAccessException e) {
+            iae = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(iae);
+
+        // Testing field nrfv
+        iae = null;
+        field = c.getDeclaredField("nrfv");
+        o = field.get(this);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(o, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(1));
+        try {
+            field.set(this, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(true, "Should not reach here");
+        } catch(IllegalAccessException e) {
+            iae = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(iae);
+        iae = null;
+        // Test below assumes IAE would be thrown in preference to NPE
+        try {
+            field.set(this, null);
+            Asserts.assertFalse(true, "Should not reach here");
+        } catch(IllegalAccessException e) {
+            iae = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(iae);
+
+        // Testing field sv
+        field = c.getDeclaredField("sv");
+        Asserts.assertFalse(UNSAFE.isFlatField(field));
+        npe = null;
+        o = field.get(null);
+        Asserts.assertNull(o);
+        field.set(null, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+        o = field.get(null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(o, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+        try {
+            field.set(null, null);
+            o = field.get(null);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(o, null);
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(npe);
+        field.set(null, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(3));
+        o = field.get(null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(o, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(3));
+
+        // Testing field nrsv
+        field = c.getDeclaredField("nrsv");
+        Asserts.assertFalse(UNSAFE.isFlatField(field));
+        npe = null;
+        o = field.get(null);
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(o);
+        try {
+          field.set(null, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+          o = field.get(null);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(o, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(npe);
+        try {
+            field.set(null, null);
+            Asserts.assertFalse(true, "Should not reach here");
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(npe);
+
+        // Testing field vsv
+        field = c.getDeclaredField("vsv");
+        Asserts.assertFalse(UNSAFE.isFlatField(field));
+        npe = null;
+        o = field.get(null);
+        Asserts.assertNull(o);
+        try {
+            field.set(null, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+            o = field.get(null);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(o, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(npe);
+        try {
+            field.set(null, null);
+            o = field.get(null);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(o, null);
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(npe);
+        field.set(null, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(3));
+        o = field.get(null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(o, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(3));
+
+        // Testing field nrvsv
+        field = c.getDeclaredField("nrvsv");
+        Asserts.assertFalse(UNSAFE.isFlatField(field));
+        npe = null;
+        o = field.get(null);
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(o);
+        try {
+            field.set(null, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+            o = field.get(null);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(o, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(npe);
+        try {
+            field.set(null, null);
+            Asserts.assertFalse(true, "Should not reach here");
+        } catch(NullPointerException n) {
+            npe = n;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(npe);
+
+        // Testing fsv
+        field = c.getDeclaredField("fsv");
+        Asserts.assertFalse(UNSAFE.isFlatField(field));
+        o = field.get(null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(o, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(1));
+        iae = null;
+        try {
+            field.set(this, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(true, "Should not reach here");
+        } catch(IllegalAccessException e) {
+            iae = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(iae);
+
+        // Testing nrfsv
+        field = c.getDeclaredField("nrfsv");
+        Asserts.assertFalse(UNSAFE.isFlatField(field));
+        o = field.get(null);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(o, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(1));
+        iae = null;
+        try {
+            field.set(this, <value_class_name>.getPredefinedValue(2));
+            Asserts.assertFalse(true, "Should not reach here");
+        } catch(IllegalAccessException e) {
+            iae = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(iae);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueObjectContainerTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueObjectContainerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2fdee6abbc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueObjectContainerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+ /*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java ValueClassGenerator.java ValueObjectContainerTest.java
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=2000 runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.ValueObjectContainerTest
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import javax.tools.JavaCompiler;
+import javax.tools.JavaFileObject;
+import javax.tools.StandardJavaFileManager;
+import javax.tools.ToolProvider;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+
+public class ValueObjectContainerTest {
+
+    static String containerClassTemplate;
+
+    static List<String> generateObjectContainerClasses(Path tempWorkDir, List<String> valueClassNames) {
+        ArrayList<String> containerFilesNames = new ArrayList<>();
+        if (containerClassTemplate == null) {
+            try {
+                String path = System.getProperty("test.src");
+                containerClassTemplate = Files.readString(Path.of(path, "ValueObjectContainerTemplate.java.template"));
+            } catch (Throwable t) {
+                t.printStackTrace();
+                throw new RuntimeException("Failed to read ValueObjectContainerTemplate.java.template template file", t);
+            }
+        }
+        for (String valName : valueClassNames) {
+            String className = valName + "Container";
+
+            String src = containerClassTemplate.replace("<class_name>", className)
+                                                        .replace("<value_class_name>", valName);
+            String fileName = className + ".java";
+            File file = new File(tempWorkDir.toFile(), className + ".java" );
+            try (PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(file)) {
+                out.println(src);
+            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
+                e.printStackTrace();
+            }
+            containerFilesNames.add(fileName);
+        }
+        return containerFilesNames;
+    }
+
+    static void compileContainerClasses(List<String> containerFilesNames, Path tempWorkDir) {
+        JavaCompiler compiler = ToolProvider.getSystemJavaCompiler();
+        File[] files = containerFilesNames.stream().map(name -> new File(tempWorkDir.toFile(), name)).toArray(File[]::new);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(files.length, containerFilesNames.size(), "Not all container source files were created");
+        ArrayList<String> optionList = new ArrayList<>();
+        optionList.addAll(Arrays.asList("-source", Integer.toString(Runtime.version().feature())));
+        optionList.addAll(Arrays.asList("--enable-preview"));
+        optionList.addAll(Arrays.asList("-d", tempWorkDir.toString()));
+        String classpath = System.getProperty("java.class.path") + System.getProperty("path.separator") + tempWorkDir.toString();
+        optionList.addAll(Arrays.asList("-cp", classpath));
+        optionList.addAll(Arrays.asList("--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED"));
+        optionList.addAll(Arrays.asList("--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED"));
+        StandardJavaFileManager sjfm = compiler.getStandardFileManager(null, null, null);
+        Iterable<? extends JavaFileObject> fileObjects = sjfm.getJavaFileObjects(files);
+        JavaCompiler.CompilationTask task = compiler.getTask(null, null, null, optionList, null, fileObjects);
+        if (!task.call()) {
+            throw new AssertionError("test failed due to a compilation error");
+        }
+        try {
+            sjfm.close();
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class TestRunner {
+        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+            for (String s : args) {
+                Class<?> c = Class.forName(s);
+                try {
+                    Method m = c.getDeclaredMethod("runFieldsTests");
+                    m.invoke(null);
+                } catch (NoSuchMethodException | IllegalAccessException | InvocationTargetException e) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static ProcessBuilder exec(boolean useNullFreeAtomicFlat, boolean useNullableAtomicFlat,
+                               boolean useNullableNonAtomicFlat, Path tempWorkDir, String... args) throws Exception {
+        List<String> argsList = new ArrayList<>();
+        String classpath = System.getProperty("java.class.path") + System.getProperty("path.separator") +
+                           tempWorkDir.toString();
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-cp", classpath);
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "--enable-preview");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+PrintFieldLayout");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-Xshare:off");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "-Xmx1g");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, useNullFreeAtomicFlat ? "-XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening" : "-XX:-UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, useNullableAtomicFlat ?  "-XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening" : "-XX:-UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, useNullableNonAtomicFlat ? "-XX:+UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening" : "-XX:-UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening");
+        Collections.addAll(argsList, args);
+        return ProcessTools.createTestJavaProcessBuilder(argsList);
+  }
+
+    static void runContainerTestWithConfig(List<String> containerFilesNames,
+                                                 Path tempWorkDir,int scenario) throws Exception{
+        boolean useNullFreeAtomicFlat;
+        boolean useNullableAtomicFlat;
+        boolean useNullableNonAtomicFlat;
+
+        switch(scenario) {
+            case 0: useNullFreeAtomicFlat = false;
+                    useNullableAtomicFlat = false;
+                    useNullableNonAtomicFlat = false;
+                    break;
+            case 1: useNullFreeAtomicFlat = true;
+                    useNullableAtomicFlat = true;
+                    useNullableNonAtomicFlat = true;
+                    break;
+            case 2: useNullFreeAtomicFlat = false;
+                    useNullableAtomicFlat = true;
+                    useNullableNonAtomicFlat = false;
+                    break;
+            case 3: useNullFreeAtomicFlat = true;
+                    useNullableAtomicFlat = false;
+                    useNullableNonAtomicFlat = false;
+                    break;
+            case 4: useNullFreeAtomicFlat = true;
+                    useNullableAtomicFlat = true;
+                    useNullableNonAtomicFlat = false;
+                    break;
+            case 5: useNullFreeAtomicFlat = false;
+                    useNullableAtomicFlat = true;
+                    useNullableNonAtomicFlat = true;
+                    break;
+            default: throw new RuntimeException("Unrecognized configuration");
+        }
+        String[] testArgs = new String[containerFilesNames.size()+1];
+        testArgs[0] = "runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.ValueObjectContainerTest$TestRunner";
+        System.arraycopy(containerFilesNames.toArray(), 0, testArgs, 1, containerFilesNames.size());
+
+        // Execute the test runner in charge of loading all test classes
+        ProcessBuilder pb = exec(useNullFreeAtomicFlat, useNullableAtomicFlat, useNullableNonAtomicFlat, tempWorkDir,testArgs);
+        OutputAnalyzer out = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+
+        // Checking the status of the process execution before trying to parse the output
+        out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+
+        // Get and parse the test output
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LogOutput lo = new FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LogOutput(out.asLines());
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla =  FieldLayoutAnalyzer.createFieldLayoutAnalyzer(lo);
+
+        // Verify that all layouts are correct
+        try {
+            fla.check();
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            System.out.print(out.getOutput());
+            throw t;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void runContainerTests(List<String> containerClassNames, Path tempWorkDir) throws Exception {
+        for (int i = 0; i <= 5; i++) {
+            System.out.println("Running container layout tests with configuration " + i);
+            runContainerTestWithConfig(containerClassNames, tempWorkDir, i);
+      }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        Path tempWorkDir;
+        try {
+            tempWorkDir = Utils.createTempDirectory("generatedClasses_");
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            System.err.println("Failed to create temporary directory: " + e.getMessage());
+            e.printStackTrace();
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+
+        var gen = new ValueClassGenerator(Utils.getRandomInstance(), 10);
+        List<String> valueClassNames = gen.generateAll(128,  tempWorkDir);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(valueClassNames.size() > 0, "No value classes were generated");
+        List<String> containerFilesNames = generateObjectContainerClasses(tempWorkDir, valueClassNames);
+        compileContainerClasses(containerFilesNames, tempWorkDir);
+        List<String> containerClassNames = containerFilesNames.stream().map(name -> name.substring(0, name.indexOf(".java"))).toList();
+        runContainerTests(containerClassNames, tempWorkDir);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueRandomLayoutTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueRandomLayoutTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7d9a648291a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ValueRandomLayoutTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+ /*
+ * @test
+ * @key randomness
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java ValueClassGenerator.java ValueRandomLayoutTest.java
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=2000 runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.ValueRandomLayoutTest
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout;
+
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+
+
+public class ValueRandomLayoutTest {
+
+  static class TestRunner {
+      public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+          for (String s : args) {
+              Class.forName(s);
+          }
+      }
+  }
+
+  static ProcessBuilder exec(boolean useAtomicFlat, boolean useNullableAtomicFlat,
+                             boolean useNullableNonAtomicFlat, Path tempWorkDir, String... args) throws Exception {
+      List<String> argsList = new ArrayList<>();
+      String classpath = System.getProperty("java.class.path") + System.getProperty("path.separator") +
+                         tempWorkDir.toString();
+      Collections.addAll(argsList, "-cp", classpath);
+      Collections.addAll(argsList, "--enable-preview");
+      Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions");
+      Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions");
+      Collections.addAll(argsList, "-XX:+PrintFieldLayout");
+      Collections.addAll(argsList, "-Xshare:off");
+      Collections.addAll(argsList, "-Xmx1g");
+      Collections.addAll(argsList, useAtomicFlat ? "-XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening" : "-XX:-UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening");
+      Collections.addAll(argsList, useNullableAtomicFlat ?  "-XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening" : "-XX:-UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening");
+      Collections.addAll(argsList, useNullableNonAtomicFlat ? "-XX:+UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening" : "-XX:-UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening");
+      Collections.addAll(argsList, args);
+      return ProcessTools.createTestJavaProcessBuilder(argsList);
+  }
+
+
+  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+      // These tests consume a lot of resources, let run them sequentially instead of in parallel
+      for (int i = 0; i <= 5; i++) {
+          System.out.println("Running scenario " + i);
+          runScenario(i);
+      }
+  }
+
+  static void runScenario(int config) throws Exception {
+
+      boolean useAtomicFlat;
+      boolean useNullableAtomicFlat;
+      boolean useNullableNonAtomicFlat;
+
+      switch(config) {
+          case 0: useAtomicFlat = false;
+                  useNullableAtomicFlat = false;
+                  useNullableNonAtomicFlat = false;
+                  break;
+          case 1: useAtomicFlat = true;
+                  useNullableAtomicFlat = true;
+                  useNullableNonAtomicFlat = true;
+                  break;
+          case 2: useAtomicFlat = false;
+                  useNullableAtomicFlat = true;
+                  useNullableNonAtomicFlat = false;
+                  break;
+          case 3: useAtomicFlat = true;
+                  useNullableAtomicFlat = false;
+                  useNullableNonAtomicFlat = false;
+                  break;
+          case 4: useAtomicFlat = true;
+                  useNullableAtomicFlat = true;
+                  useNullableNonAtomicFlat = false;
+                  break;
+          case 5: useAtomicFlat = false;
+                  useNullableAtomicFlat = true;
+                  useNullableNonAtomicFlat = true;
+                  break;
+          default: throw new RuntimeException("Unrecognized configuration");
+      }
+
+      Path tempWorkDir;
+      // Generate test classes with the given configuration
+
+      for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+          try {
+              tempWorkDir = Utils.createTempDirectory("generatedClasses_");
+          } catch (Exception e) {
+              System.err.println("Failed to create temporary directory: " + e.getMessage());
+              e.printStackTrace();
+              throw new RuntimeException(e);
+          }
+
+          System.out.println("Running scenario " + config + " in directory : " + tempWorkDir);
+          var gen = new ValueClassGenerator(Utils.getRandomInstance(), 256);
+          gen.generateAll(128, tempWorkDir);
+
+          String[] classNames = gen.getValueClassesNames().toArray(new String[0]);
+          String[] testArgs = new String[classNames.length+1];
+          testArgs[0] = "runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.ValueRandomLayoutTest$TestRunner";
+          System.arraycopy(classNames, 0, testArgs, 1, classNames.length);
+
+          // Execute the test runner in charge of loading all test classes
+          ProcessBuilder pb = exec(useAtomicFlat, useNullableAtomicFlat, useNullableNonAtomicFlat, tempWorkDir,testArgs);
+          OutputAnalyzer out = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+
+          // Checking the status of the process execution before trying to parse the output
+          out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+
+          // Get and parse the test output
+          FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LogOutput lo = new FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LogOutput(out.asLines());
+          FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla =  FieldLayoutAnalyzer.createFieldLayoutAnalyzer(lo);
+
+          // Verify that all layouts are correct
+          try {
+              fla.check();
+          } catch (Throwable t) {
+              System.out.print(out.getOutput());
+              throw t;
+          }
+      }
+  }
+ }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/libInheritedFlatFieldTest.c b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/libInheritedFlatFieldTest.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..922dd82df3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/libInheritedFlatFieldTest.c
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <jni.h>
+
+#define VALUE_SIGNATURE "Lruntime/valhalla/inlinetypes/InheritedFlatFieldTest$Value;"
+#define BASE_FIELD_NAME "baseValue"
+#define DERIVED_FIELD_NAME "derivedValue"
+
+static jfieldID get_field_id(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj, const char* field_name) {
+    jclass receiver_class = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, obj);
+    return (*env)->GetFieldID(env, receiver_class, field_name, VALUE_SIGNATURE);
+}
+
+static jobject read_field(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj, const char* field_name) {
+    jfieldID field_id = get_field_id(env, obj, field_name);
+    return (*env)->GetObjectField(env, obj, field_id);
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL
+Java_runtime_valhalla_inlinetypes_InheritedFlatFieldTest_readBaseValue(JNIEnv* env, jclass klass, jobject obj) {
+    return read_field(env, obj, BASE_FIELD_NAME);
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL
+Java_runtime_valhalla_inlinetypes_InheritedFlatFieldTest_readDerivedValue(JNIEnv* env, jclass klass, jobject obj) {
+    return read_field(env, obj, DERIVED_FIELD_NAME);
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+Java_runtime_valhalla_inlinetypes_InheritedFlatFieldTest_writeBaseValue(JNIEnv* env, jclass klass, jobject obj, jobject value) {
+    jfieldID field_id = get_field_id(env, obj, BASE_FIELD_NAME);
+    (*env)->SetObjectField(env, obj, field_id, value);
+}
+
+#undef VALUE_SIGNATURE
+#undef BASE_FIELD_NAME
+#undef DERIVED_FIELD_NAME
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/libInlineWithJni.c b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/libInlineWithJni.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3e6655bdbbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/libInlineWithJni.c
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <jni.h>
+
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+Java_runtime_valhalla_inlinetypes_InlineWithJni_doJniMonitorEnter(JNIEnv *env, jobject obj) {
+    int ret = (*env)->MonitorEnter(env, obj);
+    jclass class = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, obj);
+    jfieldID fieldId = (*env)->GetStaticFieldID(env, class, "returnValue", "I");
+    (*env)->SetStaticIntField(env, class, fieldId, ret);
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+Java_runtime_valhalla_inlinetypes_InlineWithJni_doJniMonitorExit(JNIEnv *env, jobject obj) {
+    (*env)->MonitorExit(env, obj);
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_runtime_valhalla_inlinetypes_InlineWithJni_readInstanceField(JNIEnv *env,
+                       jclass k, jobject obj, jstring name, jstring signature) {
+    jclass class = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, obj);
+    jboolean copy;
+    const char* name_string = (*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, name, &copy);
+    const char *signature_string = (*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, signature, &copy);
+    jfieldID fieldId = (*env)->GetFieldID(env, class, name_string, signature_string);
+    jobject ret =  (*env)->GetObjectField(env, obj, fieldId);
+    (*env)->ReleaseStringUTFChars(env, name, name_string);
+    (*env)->ReleaseStringUTFChars(env, signature, signature_string);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_runtime_valhalla_inlinetypes_InlineWithJni_writeInstanceField(JNIEnv *env,
+                        jclass k, jobject obj, jstring name, jstring signature, jobject value)
+{
+    jclass class = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, obj);
+    jboolean copy;
+    const char *name_string = (*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, name, &copy);
+    const char *signature_string = (*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, signature, &copy);
+    jfieldID fieldId = (*env)->GetFieldID(env, class, name_string, signature_string);
+    (*env)->SetObjectField(env, obj, fieldId, value);
+    (*env)->ReleaseStringUTFChars(env, name, name_string);
+    (*env)->ReleaseStringUTFChars(env, signature, signature_string);
+    return;
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_runtime_valhalla_inlinetypes_InlineWithJni_readArrayElement(JNIEnv *env,
+                        jclass k, jarray array, int index) {
+    return (*env)->GetObjectArrayElement(env, array, index);
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_runtime_valhalla_inlinetypes_InlineWithJni_writeArrayElement(JNIEnv *env,
+                        jclass k, jarray array, int index, jobject value) {
+    (*env)->SetObjectArrayElement(env, array, index, value);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/libJNIAllocObject.c b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/libJNIAllocObject.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7bab2ed3477
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/libJNIAllocObject.c
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <jni.h>
+
+JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL
+Java_runtime_valhalla_inlinetypes_TestJNIAllocObject_allocObject(JNIEnv* env, jclass klass, jclass target) {
+  return (*env)->AllocObject(env, target);
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/libJNIHasIdentity.c b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/libJNIHasIdentity.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d2044ae02e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/libJNIHasIdentity.c
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <jni.h>
+
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
+Java_runtime_valhalla_inlinetypes_TestJNIHasIdentity_hasIdentity(JNIEnv* env, jclass klass, jobject target) {
+  return (*env)->HasIdentity(env, target);
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/libJNIIsSameObject.c b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/libJNIIsSameObject.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2291d3b8292
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/libJNIIsSameObject.c
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <jni.h>
+
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
+Java_runtime_valhalla_inlinetypes_TestJNIIsSameObject_isSameObject(JNIEnv* env, jclass klass, jobject obj0, jobject obj1) {
+  return (*env)->IsSameObject(env, obj0, obj1);
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/libJNINewWeakGlobalRef.c b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/libJNINewWeakGlobalRef.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3e083bdfdc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/libJNINewWeakGlobalRef.c
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <jni.h>
+
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+Java_runtime_valhalla_inlinetypes_TestJNINewWeakGlobalRef_newWeakGlobalRef(JNIEnv* env, jclass klass, jobject target) {
+  (*env)->NewWeakGlobalRef(env, target);
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/libMonitorEnterTest.c b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/libMonitorEnterTest.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9460d4b21b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/libMonitorEnterTest.c
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <jni.h>
+
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+Java_runtime_valhalla_inlinetypes_MonitorEnterTest_JNIMonitorEnter(JNIEnv* env, jclass klass, jobject target) {
+  (*env)->MonitorEnter(env, target);
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+Java_runtime_valhalla_inlinetypes_MonitorEnterTest_JNIMonitorExit(JNIEnv* env, jclass klass, jobject target) {
+  (*env)->MonitorExit(env, target);
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/BadChild.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/BadChild.jasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..92c3af7044c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/BadChild.jasm
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+class BadChild extends Parent {
+  @Strict int x;
+  @Strict int y;
+
+  BadChild() {
+    y = 1;
+    super(); // FAIL: Strict field x must be set before this call
+    x = 1;
+  }
+}
+*/
+
+identity class BadChild extends Parent version 72:65535
+{
+  strict Field x:I;
+  strict Field y:I;
+
+  Method       "<init>":"()V"
+    stack 4  locals 1
+  {
+         aload_0;
+         aload_0;
+         iconst_1;
+         dup_x1;
+         putfield          Field y:"I";
+         aload_0;
+         invokespecial     Method Parent."<init>":"()V"; // FAIL: Strict field x must be set before this call
+         putfield          Field x:"I";
+         return;
+  }
+
+  Method       get_x:"()I"
+    stack 1  locals 1
+  {
+         aload_0;
+         getfield          Field x:"I";
+         ireturn;
+  }
+
+  Method       get_y:"()I"
+    stack 1  locals 1
+  {
+         aload_0;
+         getfield          Field y:"I";
+         ireturn;
+  }
+} // end Class BadChild
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/BadChild1.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/BadChild1.jasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7607fb31f66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/BadChild1.jasm
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+class BadChild extends Parent {
+  @Strict int x;
+  @Strict int y;
+
+  BadChild() {
+    x = 1;
+    super(); // FAIL: Strict field y must be set before this call
+    y = 1;
+  }
+}
+*/
+
+identity class BadChild1 extends Parent version 72:65535
+{
+  strict Field x:I;
+  strict Field y:I;
+
+  Method       "<init>":"()V"
+    stack 4  locals 1
+  {
+         aload_0;
+         aload_0;
+         iconst_1;
+         dup_x1;
+         putfield          Field x:"I";
+         aload_0;
+         invokespecial     Method Parent."<init>":"()V"; // FAIL: Strict field y must be set before this call
+         putfield          Field y:"I";
+         return;
+  }
+
+  Method       get_x:"()I"
+    stack 1  locals 1
+  {
+         aload_0;
+         getfield          Field x:"I";
+         ireturn;
+  }
+
+  Method       get_y:"()I"
+    stack 1  locals 1
+  {
+         aload_0;
+         getfield          Field y:"I";
+         ireturn;
+  }
+} // end Class BadChild1
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/Bnoinit_BAD.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/Bnoinit_BAD.jasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..abcaa0d650d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/Bnoinit_BAD.jasm
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+class Bnoinit_BAD {
+    @Strict static String F1__STRICT;
+    @Strict static int    F2__STRICT;
+    static {} // Strict statics not initialized
+}
+*/
+
+identity class Bnoinit_BAD version 72:65535
+{
+  strict static Field F1__STRICT:"Ljava/lang/String;";
+  strict static Field F2__STRICT:I;
+
+  public Method "<init>":"()V"
+    stack 1  locals 1
+  {
+         aload_0;
+         invokespecial     Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+         return;
+  }
+
+  static Method "<clinit>":"()V"
+    stack 0  locals 0
+  {
+         return;
+  }
+
+} // end Class Bnoinit_BAD
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/Brbefore_BAD.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/Brbefore_BAD.jasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2b522b5c8d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/Brbefore_BAD.jasm
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+class Brbefore_BAD {
+    @Strict static String F1__STRICT;
+    @Strict static int    F2__STRICT;
+    static {
+        int x = F2__STRICT; // Read before write
+        F1__STRICT = "hello";
+        F2__STRICT = 42;
+    }
+}
+*/
+
+identity class Brbefore_BAD version 72:65535
+{
+  strict static Field F1__STRICT:"Ljava/lang/String;";
+  strict static Field F2__STRICT:I;
+
+  public Method "<init>":"()V"
+    stack 1  locals 1
+  {
+         aload_0;
+         invokespecial     Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+         return;
+  }
+
+  static Method "<clinit>":"()V"
+    stack 1  locals 1
+  {
+         getstatic         Field F2__STRICT:"I";
+         istore_0;
+         ldc               String "hello";
+         putstatic         Field F1__STRICT:"Ljava/lang/String;";
+         bipush            42;
+         putstatic         Field F2__STRICT:"I";
+         return;
+  }
+} // end Class Brbefore_BAD
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/ControlFlowChildBad.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/ControlFlowChildBad.jasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..844696c6560
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/ControlFlowChildBad.jasm
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+class ControlFlowChild extends Parent {
+    @Strict int x;
+    @Strict int y;
+
+    ControlFlowChild(boolean a, boolean b) {
+        if (a) {      // FAIL: Strict field x never set on this path
+            if (b) {
+                y = 1;
+            } else {
+                y = 2;
+            }
+        } else {
+            x = y = 3;
+        }
+        super(); //
+    }
+}
+*/
+
+identity class ControlFlowChildBad extends Parent version 72:65535
+{
+  strict Field x:I;
+  strict Field y:I;
+
+  Method       "<init>":"(ZZ)V"
+    stack 4  locals 3
+  {
+         iload_1;
+         ifeq              L29;
+         aload_0;
+         iconst_1;
+         putfield          Field y:"I";
+         iload_2;
+         ifeq              L21;
+         aload_0;
+         iconst_1;
+         putfield          Field y:"I";
+         goto              L39;
+  L21:   stack_frame_type  early_larval;
+           unset_fields    y:"I";
+           frame_type      same;
+         aload_0;
+         iconst_2;
+         putfield          Field y:"I";
+         goto              L39;          // FAIL: Strict field x never set on this path
+  L29:   stack_frame_type  early_larval;
+           unset_fields    x:"I",
+                           y:"I";
+           frame_type      same;
+         aload_0;
+         aload_0;
+         iconst_3;
+         dup_x1;
+         putfield          Field y:"I";
+         putfield          Field x:"I";
+  L39:   stack_frame_type  early_larval;
+           unset_fields;
+           frame_type      same;
+         aload_0;
+         invokespecial     Method Parent."<init>":"()V";
+         return;
+  }
+
+  Method       get_x:"()I"
+    stack 1  locals 1
+  {
+         aload_0;
+         getfield          Field x:"I";
+         ireturn;
+  }
+
+  Method       get_y:"()I"
+    stack 1  locals 1
+  {
+         aload_0;
+         getfield          Field y:"I";
+         ireturn;
+  }
+} // end Class ControlFlowChildBad
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/Creflbefore_BAD.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/Creflbefore_BAD.jasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..066f945e7fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/Creflbefore_BAD.jasm
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+class Creflbefore_BAD {
+    @Strict static String F1__STRICT;
+    @Strict static int    F2__STRICT;
+    static {
+        Field FIELD_F1 = findField(Creflbefore_BAD.class, "F1__STRICT");
+        Field FIELD_F2 = findField(Creflbefore_BAD.class, "F2__STRICT");
+
+        int x = (int) getstaticReflective(FIELD_F2);  // Read before write
+        System.out.println("Early read of F2=" + x);
+
+        putstaticReflective(FIELD_F1, "hello");
+        putstaticReflective(FIELD_F2, 42);
+    }
+}
+*/
+identity class Creflbefore_BAD version 72:65535
+{
+  strict static Field F1__STRICT:"Ljava/lang/String;";
+  strict static Field F2__STRICT:I;
+
+  Method       "<init>":"(LStrictStaticFieldsTest;)V"
+    stack 2  locals 2
+     0:  #{ #0 final mandated }
+  {
+         aload_1;
+         dup;
+         invokestatic      Method java/util/Objects.requireNonNull:"(Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/Object;";
+         pop;
+         pop;
+         aload_0;
+         invokespecial     Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+         return;
+  }
+
+  static Method "<clinit>":"()V"
+    stack 2  locals 3
+  {
+         ldc               class Creflbefore_BAD;
+         ldc               String "F1__STRICT";
+         invokestatic      Method StrictStaticFieldsTest.findField:"(Ljava/lang/Class;Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/reflect/Field;";
+         astore_0;
+         ldc               class Creflbefore_BAD;
+         ldc               String "F2__STRICT";
+         invokestatic      Method StrictStaticFieldsTest.findField:"(Ljava/lang/Class;Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/reflect/Field;";
+         astore_1;
+         aload_1;
+         invokestatic      Method StrictStaticFieldsTest.getstaticReflective:"(Ljava/lang/reflect/Field;)Ljava/lang/Object;";
+         checkcast         class java/lang/Integer;
+         invokevirtual     Method java/lang/Integer.intValue:"()I";
+         istore_2;
+         getstatic         Field java/lang/System.out:"Ljava/io/PrintStream;";
+         iload_2;
+         invokedynamic     InvokeDynamic REF_invokeStatic:Method java/lang/invoke/StringConcatFactory.makeConcatWithConstants:
+                           "(Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodHandles$Lookup;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodType;Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/invoke/CallSite;":
+                           makeConcatWithConstants:"(I)Ljava/lang/String;" {
+                             String "Early read of F2=\u0001"
+                           };
+         invokevirtual     Method java/io/PrintStream.println:"(Ljava/lang/String;)V";
+         aload_0;
+         ldc               String "hello";
+         invokestatic      Method StrictStaticFieldsTest.putstaticReflective:"(Ljava/lang/reflect/Field;Ljava/lang/Object;)V";
+         aload_1;
+         bipush            42;
+         invokestatic      Method java/lang/Integer.valueOf:"(I)Ljava/lang/Integer;";
+         invokestatic      Method StrictStaticFieldsTest.putstaticReflective:"(Ljava/lang/reflect/Field;Ljava/lang/Object;)V";
+         return;
+  }
+
+  BootstrapMethod          REF_invokeStatic:java/lang/invoke/StringConcatFactory.makeConcatWithConstants:
+                           "(Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodHandles$Lookup;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodType;Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/invoke/CallSite;";
+                           {
+                             String "(early read of F2=\u0001)"
+                           }
+} // end Class Creflbefore_BAD
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/Cwreflective_OK.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/Cwreflective_OK.jasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3d088085fe3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/Cwreflective_OK.jasm
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+class Cwreflective_OK {
+    @Strict static String F1__STRICT;
+    @Strict static int    F2__STRICT;
+    static {
+        Field FIELD_F1 = findField(Cwreflective_OK.class, "F1__STRICT");
+        Field FIELD_F2 = findField(Cwreflective_OK.class, "F2__STRICT");
+
+        putstaticReflective(FIELD_F1, "hello");
+        putstaticReflective(FIELD_F2, 42);
+    }
+}
+*/
+
+identity class Cwreflective_OK version 72:65535
+{
+  strict static Field F1__STRICT:"Ljava/lang/String;";
+  strict static Field F2__STRICT:I;
+
+  Method       "<init>":"(LStrictStaticFieldsTest;)V"
+    stack 2  locals 2
+     0:  #{ #0 final mandated }
+  {
+         aload_1;
+         dup;
+         invokestatic      Method java/util/Objects.requireNonNull:"(Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/Object;";
+         pop;
+         pop;
+         aload_0;
+         invokespecial     Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+         return;
+  }
+
+  static Method "<clinit>":"()V"
+    stack 2  locals 2
+  {
+         ldc               class Cwreflective_OK;
+         ldc               String "F1__STRICT";
+         invokestatic      Method StrictStaticFieldsTest.findField:"(Ljava/lang/Class;Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/reflect/Field;";
+         astore_0;
+         ldc               class Cwreflective_OK;
+         ldc               String "F2__STRICT";
+         invokestatic      Method StrictStaticFieldsTest.findField:"(Ljava/lang/Class;Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/reflect/Field;";
+         astore_1;
+         aload_0;
+         ldc               String "hello";
+         invokestatic      Method StrictStaticFieldsTest.putstaticReflective:"(Ljava/lang/reflect/Field;Ljava/lang/Object;)V";
+         aload_1;
+         bipush            42;
+         invokestatic      Method java/lang/Integer.valueOf:"(I)Ljava/lang/Integer;";
+         invokestatic      Method StrictStaticFieldsTest.putstaticReflective:"(Ljava/lang/reflect/Field;Ljava/lang/Object;)V";
+         return;
+  }
+} // end Class Cwreflective_OK
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/EarlyLarvalNotSubset.jcod b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/EarlyLarvalNotSubset.jcod
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6e1e5286548
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/EarlyLarvalNotSubset.jcod
@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+class EarlyLarvalNotSubset extends Parent {
+    @Strict
+    int x;
+    @Strict
+    int y;
+
+    EarlyLarvalNotSubset(boolean a, boolean b) {
+        if (a) {
+            x = 1;
+            if (b) {
+                y = 1;
+            } else {
+                y = 2;
+            }
+        } else {
+            x = y = 3;
+        }
+        super();
+    }
+}
+*/
+
+class EarlyLarvalNotSubset {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535;                                   // minor version
+  72;                                      // version
+  [] {                                     // Constant Pool
+    ;                                      // first element is empty
+    Field #2 #3;                           // #1
+    Class #4;                              // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6;                     // #3
+    Utf8 "EarlyLarvalNotSubset";          // #4
+    Utf8 "x";                              // #5
+    Utf8 "I";                              // #6
+    Field #2 #8;                           // #7
+    NameAndType #9 #6;                     // #8
+    Utf8 "y";                              // #9
+    Method #11 #12;                        // #10
+    Class #13;                             // #11
+    NameAndType #14 #15;                   // #12
+    Utf8 "Parent";                         // #13
+    Utf8 "<init>";                         // #14
+    Utf8 "()V";                            // #15
+    Method #2 #17;                         // #16
+    NameAndType #18 #19;                   // #17
+    Utf8 "get_x";                          // #18
+    Utf8 "()I";                            // #19
+    Method #2 #21;                         // #20
+    NameAndType #22 #19;                   // #21
+    Utf8 "get_y";                          // #22
+    Method #11 #24;                        // #23
+    NameAndType #25 #26;                   // #24
+    Utf8 "toString";                       // #25
+    Utf8 "()Ljava/lang/String;";           // #26
+    InvokeDynamic 0s #28;                  // #27
+    NameAndType #29 #30;                   // #28
+    Utf8 "makeConcatWithConstants";        // #29
+    Utf8 "(IILjava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;";  // #30
+    Utf8 "RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations";    // #31
+    Utf8 "Ljdk/internal/vm/annotation/Strict;";  // #32
+    Utf8 "(ZZ)V";                          // #33
+    Utf8 "Code";                           // #34
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable";                // #35
+    Utf8 "StackMapTable";                  // #36
+    Utf8 "SourceFile";                     // #37
+    Utf8 "StrictInstanceFieldsTest.java";  // #38
+    Utf8 "BootstrapMethods";               // #39
+    String #41;                            // #40
+    Utf8 "x: \u0001\ny: \u0001\n\u0001";   // #41
+    MethodHandle 6b #43;                   // #42
+    Method #44 #45;                        // #43
+    Class #46;                             // #44
+    NameAndType #29 #47;                   // #45
+    Utf8 "java/lang/invoke/StringConcatFactory";  // #46
+    Utf8 "(Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodHandles$Lookup;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodType;Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/invoke/CallSite;";  // #47
+    Utf8 "InnerClasses";                   // #48
+    Class #50;                             // #49
+    Utf8 "java/lang/invoke/MethodHandles$Lookup";  // #50
+    Class #52;                             // #51
+    Utf8 "java/lang/invoke/MethodHandles";  // #52
+    Utf8 "Lookup";                         // #53
+  }
+
+  0x0020;                                  // access
+  #2;                                      // this_cpx
+  #11;                                     // super_cpx
+
+  [] {                                     // Interfaces
+  }                                        // end of Interfaces
+
+  [] {                                     // Fields
+    {                                      // field
+      0x0800;                              // access
+      #5;                                  // name_index
+      #6;                                  // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#31) {                        // RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+          [] {                             // annotations
+            {                              // annotation
+              #32;
+              [] {                         // element_value_pairs
+              }                            // element_value_pairs
+            }                              // annotation
+          }
+        }                                  // end of RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {                                      // field
+      0x0800;                              // access
+      #9;                                  // name_index
+      #6;                                  // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#31) {                        // RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+          [] {                             // annotations
+            {                              // annotation
+              #32;
+              [] {                         // element_value_pairs
+              }                            // element_value_pairs
+            }                              // annotation
+          }
+        }                                  // end of RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+  }                                        // end of Fields
+
+  [] {                                     // Methods
+    {                                      // method
+      0x0000;                              // access
+      #14;                                 // name_index
+      #33;                                 // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#34) {                        // Code
+          4;                               // max_stack
+          3;                               // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x1B 0x99 0x00 0x1C 0x2A 0x04 0xB5 0x00 0x01 0x1C 0x99 0x00;
+            0x0B 0x2A 0x04 0xB5 0x00 0x07 0xA7 0x00 0x15 0x2A 0x05 0xB5;
+            0x00 0x07 0xA7 0x00 0x0D 0x2A 0x2A 0x06 0x5A 0xB5 0x00 0x07;
+            0xB5 0x00 0x01 0x2A 0xB7 0x00 0x0A 0xB1;
+          }
+          [] {                             // Traps
+          }                                // end of Traps
+          [] {                             // Attributes
+            Attr(#35) {                    // LineNumberTable
+              [] {                         // line_number_table
+                   0  121;
+                   4  122;
+                   9  123;
+                  13  124;
+                  21  126;
+                  29  129;
+                  39  131;
+                  43  132;
+              }
+            }                              // end of LineNumberTable
+            ;
+            Attr(#36) {                    // StackMapTable
+              [] {                         //
+                246b, []{#8; #12}, {       // FAIL: early_larval_frame contains NameAndType not present in original list of strict fields
+                  21b;                     // same
+                };
+                246b, []{#3; #8}, {        // early_larval_frame
+                  7b;                      // same_frame
+                };
+                246b, []{}, {              // early_larval_frame
+                  9b;                      // same_frame
+                };
+              }
+            }                              // end of StackMapTable
+          }                                // end of Attributes
+        }                                  // end of Code
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {                                      // method
+      0x0000;                              // access
+      #18;                                 // name_index
+      #19;                                 // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#34) {                        // Code
+          1;                               // max_stack
+          1;                               // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A 0xB4 0x00 0x01 0xAC;
+          }
+          [] {                             // Traps
+          }                                // end of Traps
+          [] {                             // Attributes
+            Attr(#35) {                    // LineNumberTable
+              [] {                         // line_number_table
+                   0  134;
+              }
+            }                              // end of LineNumberTable
+          }                                // end of Attributes
+        }                                  // end of Code
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {                                      // method
+      0x0000;                              // access
+      #22;                                 // name_index
+      #19;                                 // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#34) {                        // Code
+          1;                               // max_stack
+          1;                               // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A 0xB4 0x00 0x07 0xAC;
+          }
+          [] {                             // Traps
+          }                                // end of Traps
+          [] {                             // Attributes
+            Attr(#35) {                    // LineNumberTable
+              [] {                         // line_number_table
+                   0  135;
+              }
+            }                              // end of LineNumberTable
+          }                                // end of Attributes
+        }                                  // end of Code
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {                                      // method
+      0x0001;                              // access
+      #25;                                 // name_index
+      #26;                                 // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#34) {                        // Code
+          3;                               // max_stack
+          1;                               // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A 0xB6 0x00 0x10 0x2A 0xB6 0x00 0x14 0x2A 0xB7 0x00 0x17;
+            0xBA 0x00 0x1B 0x00 0x00 0xB0;
+          }
+          [] {                             // Traps
+          }                                // end of Traps
+          [] {                             // Attributes
+            Attr(#35) {                    // LineNumberTable
+              [] {                         // line_number_table
+                   0  139;
+              }
+            }                              // end of LineNumberTable
+          }                                // end of Attributes
+        }                                  // end of Code
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+  }                                        // end of Methods
+
+  [] {                                     // Attributes
+    Attr(#37) {                            // SourceFile
+      #38;
+    }                                      // end of SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#39) {                            // BootstrapMethods
+      [] {                                 // bootstrap_methods
+        {                                  // bootstrap_method
+          #42;                             // bootstrap_method_ref
+          [] {                             // bootstrap_arguments
+            #40;
+          }                                // bootstrap_arguments
+        }                                  // bootstrap_method
+      }
+    }                                      // end of BootstrapMethods
+    ;
+    Attr(#48) {                            // InnerClasses
+      [] {                                 // classes
+          #49   #51   #53  57;
+      }
+    }                                      // end of InnerClasses
+  }                                        // end of Attributes
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/EndsInEarlyLarval.jcod b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/EndsInEarlyLarval.jcod
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..154182a8c7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/EndsInEarlyLarval.jcod
@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+class EndsInEarlyLarval extends Parent {
+    @Strict
+    int x;
+    @Strict
+    int y;
+
+    EndsInEarlyLarval(boolean a, boolean b) {
+        if (a) {
+            x = 1;
+            if (b) {
+                y = 1;
+            } else {
+                y = 2;
+            }
+        } else {
+            x = y = 3;
+        }
+        super();
+    }
+}
+*/
+
+class EndsInEarlyLarval {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535;                                   // minor version
+  72;                                      // version
+  [] {                                     // Constant Pool
+    ;                                      // first element is empty
+    Field #2 #3;                           // #1
+    Class #4;                              // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6;                     // #3
+    Utf8 "EndsInEarlyLarval";               // #4
+    Utf8 "x";                              // #5
+    Utf8 "I";                              // #6
+    Field #2 #8;                           // #7
+    NameAndType #9 #6;                     // #8
+    Utf8 "y";                              // #9
+    Method #11 #12;                        // #10
+    Class #13;                             // #11
+    NameAndType #14 #15;                   // #12
+    Utf8 "Parent";                         // #13
+    Utf8 "<init>";                         // #14
+    Utf8 "()V";                            // #15
+    Method #2 #17;                         // #16
+    NameAndType #18 #19;                   // #17
+    Utf8 "get_x";                          // #18
+    Utf8 "()I";                            // #19
+    Method #2 #21;                         // #20
+    NameAndType #22 #19;                   // #21
+    Utf8 "get_y";                          // #22
+    Method #11 #24;                        // #23
+    NameAndType #25 #26;                   // #24
+    Utf8 "toString";                       // #25
+    Utf8 "()Ljava/lang/String;";           // #26
+    InvokeDynamic 0s #28;                  // #27
+    NameAndType #29 #30;                   // #28
+    Utf8 "makeConcatWithConstants";        // #29
+    Utf8 "(IILjava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;";  // #30
+    Utf8 "RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations";    // #31
+    Utf8 "Ljdk/internal/vm/annotation/Strict;";  // #32
+    Utf8 "(ZZ)V";                          // #33
+    Utf8 "Code";                           // #34
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable";                // #35
+    Utf8 "StackMapTable";                  // #36
+    Utf8 "SourceFile";                     // #37
+    Utf8 "StrictInstanceFieldsTest.java";  // #38
+    Utf8 "BootstrapMethods";               // #39
+    String #41;                            // #40
+    Utf8 "x: \u0001\ny: \u0001\n\u0001";   // #41
+    MethodHandle 6b #43;                   // #42
+    Method #44 #45;                        // #43
+    Class #46;                             // #44
+    NameAndType #29 #47;                   // #45
+    Utf8 "java/lang/invoke/StringConcatFactory";  // #46
+    Utf8 "(Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodHandles$Lookup;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodType;Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/invoke/CallSite;";  // #47
+    Utf8 "InnerClasses";                   // #48
+    Class #50;                             // #49
+    Utf8 "java/lang/invoke/MethodHandles$Lookup";  // #50
+    Class #52;                             // #51
+    Utf8 "java/lang/invoke/MethodHandles";  // #52
+    Utf8 "Lookup";                         // #53
+  }
+
+  0x0020;                                  // access
+  #2;                                      // this_cpx
+  #11;                                     // super_cpx
+
+  [] {                                     // Interfaces
+  }                                        // end of Interfaces
+
+  [] {                                     // Fields
+    {                                      // field
+      0x0800;                              // access
+      #5;                                  // name_index
+      #6;                                  // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#31) {                        // RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+          [] {                             // annotations
+            {                              // annotation
+              #32;
+              [] {                         // element_value_pairs
+              }                            // element_value_pairs
+            }                              // annotation
+          }
+        }                                  // end of RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {                                      // field
+      0x0800;                              // access
+      #9;                                  // name_index
+      #6;                                  // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#31) {                        // RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+          [] {                             // annotations
+            {                              // annotation
+              #32;
+              [] {                         // element_value_pairs
+              }                            // element_value_pairs
+            }                              // annotation
+          }
+        }                                  // end of RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+  }                                        // end of Fields
+
+  [] {                                     // Methods
+    {                                      // method
+      0x0000;                              // access
+      #14;                                 // name_index
+      #33;                                 // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#34) {                        // Code
+          4;                               // max_stack
+          3;                               // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x1B 0x99 0x00 0x1C 0x2A 0x04 0xB5 0x00 0x01 0x1C 0x99 0x00;
+            0x0B 0x2A 0x04 0xB5 0x00 0x07 0xA7 0x00 0x15 0x2A 0x05 0xB5;
+            0x00 0x07 0xA7 0x00 0x0D 0x2A 0x2A 0x06 0x5A 0xB5 0x00 0x07;
+            0xB5 0x00 0x01 0x2A 0xB7 0x00 0x0A 0xB1;
+          }
+          [] {                             // Traps
+          }                                // end of Traps
+          [] {                             // Attributes
+            Attr(#35) {                    // LineNumberTable
+              [] {                         // line_number_table
+                   0  121;
+                   4  122;
+                   9  123;
+                  13  124;
+                  21  126;
+                  29  129;
+                  39  131;
+                  43  132;
+              }
+            }                              // end of LineNumberTable
+            ;
+            Attr(#36) {                    // StackMapTable
+              [] {                         //
+                246b, []{#8}, {            // early_larval_frame
+                  21b;                     // same
+                };
+                246b, []{#3; #8}, {        // early_larval_frame
+                  7b;                      // same_frame
+                };
+                246b, []{}, {              // FAIL: early_larval_frame with no base frame
+                };
+              }
+            }                              // end of StackMapTable
+          }                                // end of Attributes
+        }                                  // end of Code
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {                                      // method
+      0x0000;                              // access
+      #18;                                 // name_index
+      #19;                                 // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#34) {                        // Code
+          1;                               // max_stack
+          1;                               // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A 0xB4 0x00 0x01 0xAC;
+          }
+          [] {                             // Traps
+          }                                // end of Traps
+          [] {                             // Attributes
+            Attr(#35) {                    // LineNumberTable
+              [] {                         // line_number_table
+                   0  134;
+              }
+            }                              // end of LineNumberTable
+          }                                // end of Attributes
+        }                                  // end of Code
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {                                      // method
+      0x0000;                              // access
+      #22;                                 // name_index
+      #19;                                 // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#34) {                        // Code
+          1;                               // max_stack
+          1;                               // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A 0xB4 0x00 0x07 0xAC;
+          }
+          [] {                             // Traps
+          }                                // end of Traps
+          [] {                             // Attributes
+            Attr(#35) {                    // LineNumberTable
+              [] {                         // line_number_table
+                   0  135;
+              }
+            }                              // end of LineNumberTable
+          }                                // end of Attributes
+        }                                  // end of Code
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {                                      // method
+      0x0001;                              // access
+      #25;                                 // name_index
+      #26;                                 // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#34) {                        // Code
+          3;                               // max_stack
+          1;                               // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A 0xB6 0x00 0x10 0x2A 0xB6 0x00 0x14 0x2A 0xB7 0x00 0x17;
+            0xBA 0x00 0x1B 0x00 0x00 0xB0;
+          }
+          [] {                             // Traps
+          }                                // end of Traps
+          [] {                             // Attributes
+            Attr(#35) {                    // LineNumberTable
+              [] {                         // line_number_table
+                   0  139;
+              }
+            }                              // end of LineNumberTable
+          }                                // end of Attributes
+        }                                  // end of Code
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+  }                                        // end of Methods
+
+  [] {                                     // Attributes
+    Attr(#37) {                            // SourceFile
+      #38;
+    }                                      // end of SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#39) {                            // BootstrapMethods
+      [] {                                 // bootstrap_methods
+        {                                  // bootstrap_method
+          #42;                             // bootstrap_method_ref
+          [] {                             // bootstrap_arguments
+            #40;
+          }                                // bootstrap_arguments
+        }                                  // bootstrap_method
+      }
+    }                                      // end of BootstrapMethods
+    ;
+    Attr(#48) {                            // InnerClasses
+      [] {                                 // classes
+          #49   #51   #53  57;
+      }
+    }                                      // end of InnerClasses
+  }                                        // end of Attributes
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/InvalidIndexInEarlyLarval.jcod b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/InvalidIndexInEarlyLarval.jcod
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..09eb5489a8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/InvalidIndexInEarlyLarval.jcod
@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+class InvalidIndexInEarlyLarval extends Parent {
+    @Strict
+    int x;
+    @Strict
+    int y;
+
+    InvalidIndexInEarlyLarval(boolean a, boolean b) {
+        if (a) {
+            x = 1;
+            if (b) {
+                y = 1;
+            } else {
+                y = 2;
+            }
+        } else {
+            x = y = 3;
+        }
+        super();
+    }
+}
+*/
+
+class InvalidIndexInEarlyLarval {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535;                                   // minor version
+  72;                                      // version
+  [] {                                     // Constant Pool
+    ;                                      // first element is empty
+    Field #2 #3;                           // #1
+    Class #4;                              // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6;                     // #3
+    Utf8 "InvalidIndexInEarlyLarval";      // #4
+    Utf8 "x";                              // #5
+    Utf8 "I";                              // #6
+    Field #2 #8;                           // #7
+    NameAndType #9 #6;                     // #8
+    Utf8 "y";                              // #9
+    Method #11 #12;                        // #10
+    Class #13;                             // #11
+    NameAndType #14 #15;                   // #12
+    Utf8 "Parent";                         // #13
+    Utf8 "<init>";                         // #14
+    Utf8 "()V";                            // #15
+    Method #2 #17;                         // #16
+    NameAndType #18 #19;                   // #17
+    Utf8 "get_x";                          // #18
+    Utf8 "()I";                            // #19
+    Method #2 #21;                         // #20
+    NameAndType #22 #19;                   // #21
+    Utf8 "get_y";                          // #22
+    Method #11 #24;                        // #23
+    NameAndType #25 #26;                   // #24
+    Utf8 "toString";                       // #25
+    Utf8 "()Ljava/lang/String;";           // #26
+    InvokeDynamic 0s #28;                  // #27
+    NameAndType #29 #30;                   // #28
+    Utf8 "makeConcatWithConstants";        // #29
+    Utf8 "(IILjava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;";  // #30
+    Utf8 "RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations";    // #31
+    Utf8 "Ljdk/internal/vm/annotation/Strict;";  // #32
+    Utf8 "(ZZ)V";                          // #33
+    Utf8 "Code";                           // #34
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable";                // #35
+    Utf8 "StackMapTable";                  // #36
+    Utf8 "SourceFile";                     // #37
+    Utf8 "StrictInstanceFieldsTest.java";  // #38
+    Utf8 "BootstrapMethods";               // #39
+    String #41;                            // #40
+    Utf8 "x: \u0001\ny: \u0001\n\u0001";   // #41
+    MethodHandle 6b #43;                   // #42
+    Method #44 #45;                        // #43
+    Class #46;                             // #44
+    NameAndType #29 #47;                   // #45
+    Utf8 "java/lang/invoke/StringConcatFactory";  // #46
+    Utf8 "(Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodHandles$Lookup;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodType;Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/invoke/CallSite;";  // #47
+    Utf8 "InnerClasses";                   // #48
+    Class #50;                             // #49
+    Utf8 "java/lang/invoke/MethodHandles$Lookup";  // #50
+    Class #52;                             // #51
+    Utf8 "java/lang/invoke/MethodHandles";  // #52
+    Utf8 "Lookup";                         // #53
+  }
+
+  0x0020;                                  // access
+  #2;                                      // this_cpx
+  #11;                                     // super_cpx
+
+  [] {                                     // Interfaces
+  }                                        // end of Interfaces
+
+  [] {                                     // Fields
+    {                                      // field
+      0x0800;                              // access
+      #5;                                  // name_index
+      #6;                                  // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#31) {                        // RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+          [] {                             // annotations
+            {                              // annotation
+              #32;
+              [] {                         // element_value_pairs
+              }                            // element_value_pairs
+            }                              // annotation
+          }
+        }                                  // end of RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {                                      // field
+      0x0800;                              // access
+      #9;                                  // name_index
+      #6;                                  // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#31) {                        // RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+          [] {                             // annotations
+            {                              // annotation
+              #32;
+              [] {                         // element_value_pairs
+              }                            // element_value_pairs
+            }                              // annotation
+          }
+        }                                  // end of RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+  }                                        // end of Fields
+
+  [] {                                     // Methods
+    {                                      // method
+      0x0000;                              // access
+      #14;                                 // name_index
+      #33;                                 // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#34) {                        // Code
+          4;                               // max_stack
+          3;                               // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x1B 0x99 0x00 0x1C 0x2A 0x04 0xB5 0x00 0x01 0x1C 0x99 0x00;
+            0x0B 0x2A 0x04 0xB5 0x00 0x07 0xA7 0x00 0x15 0x2A 0x05 0xB5;
+            0x00 0x07 0xA7 0x00 0x0D 0x2A 0x2A 0x06 0x5A 0xB5 0x00 0x07;
+            0xB5 0x00 0x01 0x2A 0xB7 0x00 0x0A 0xB1;
+          }
+          [] {                             // Traps
+          }                                // end of Traps
+          [] {                             // Attributes
+            Attr(#35) {                    // LineNumberTable
+              [] {                         // line_number_table
+                   0  121;
+                   4  122;
+                   9  123;
+                  13  124;
+                  21  126;
+                  29  129;
+                  39  131;
+                  43  132;
+              }
+            }                              // end of LineNumberTable
+            ;
+            Attr(#36) {                    // StackMapTable
+              [] {                         //
+                246b, []{#8; #5}, {       // FAIL: early_larval_frame contains cp index that isn't NameAndType
+                  21b;                     // same
+                };
+                246b, []{#3; #8}, {        // early_larval_frame
+                  7b;                      // same_frame
+                };
+                246b, []{}, {              // early_larval_frame
+                  9b;                      // same_frame
+                };
+              }
+            }                              // end of StackMapTable
+          }                                // end of Attributes
+        }                                  // end of Code
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {                                      // method
+      0x0000;                              // access
+      #18;                                 // name_index
+      #19;                                 // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#34) {                        // Code
+          1;                               // max_stack
+          1;                               // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A 0xB4 0x00 0x01 0xAC;
+          }
+          [] {                             // Traps
+          }                                // end of Traps
+          [] {                             // Attributes
+            Attr(#35) {                    // LineNumberTable
+              [] {                         // line_number_table
+                   0  134;
+              }
+            }                              // end of LineNumberTable
+          }                                // end of Attributes
+        }                                  // end of Code
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {                                      // method
+      0x0000;                              // access
+      #22;                                 // name_index
+      #19;                                 // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#34) {                        // Code
+          1;                               // max_stack
+          1;                               // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A 0xB4 0x00 0x07 0xAC;
+          }
+          [] {                             // Traps
+          }                                // end of Traps
+          [] {                             // Attributes
+            Attr(#35) {                    // LineNumberTable
+              [] {                         // line_number_table
+                   0  135;
+              }
+            }                              // end of LineNumberTable
+          }                                // end of Attributes
+        }                                  // end of Code
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {                                      // method
+      0x0001;                              // access
+      #25;                                 // name_index
+      #26;                                 // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#34) {                        // Code
+          3;                               // max_stack
+          1;                               // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A 0xB6 0x00 0x10 0x2A 0xB6 0x00 0x14 0x2A 0xB7 0x00 0x17;
+            0xBA 0x00 0x1B 0x00 0x00 0xB0;
+          }
+          [] {                             // Traps
+          }                                // end of Traps
+          [] {                             // Attributes
+            Attr(#35) {                    // LineNumberTable
+              [] {                         // line_number_table
+                   0  139;
+              }
+            }                              // end of LineNumberTable
+          }                                // end of Attributes
+        }                                  // end of Code
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+  }                                        // end of Methods
+
+  [] {                                     // Attributes
+    Attr(#37) {                            // SourceFile
+      #38;
+    }                                      // end of SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#39) {                            // BootstrapMethods
+      [] {                                 // bootstrap_methods
+        {                                  // bootstrap_method
+          #42;                             // bootstrap_method_ref
+          [] {                             // bootstrap_arguments
+            #40;
+          }                                // bootstrap_arguments
+        }                                  // bootstrap_method
+      }
+    }                                      // end of BootstrapMethods
+    ;
+    Attr(#48) {                            // InnerClasses
+      [] {                                 // classes
+          #49   #51   #53  57;
+      }
+    }                                      // end of InnerClasses
+  }                                        // end of Attributes
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/NestedEarlyLarval.jcod b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/NestedEarlyLarval.jcod
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..732ab446757
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/NestedEarlyLarval.jcod
@@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+class NestedEarlyLarval {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  65535;                                   // minor version
+  72;                                      // version
+  [] {                                     // Constant Pool
+    ;                                      // first element is empty
+    Field #2 #3;                           // #1
+    Class #4;                              // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6;                     // #3
+    Utf8 "NestedEarlyLarval";               // #4
+    Utf8 "x";                              // #5
+    Utf8 "I";                              // #6
+    Field #2 #8;                           // #7
+    NameAndType #9 #6;                     // #8
+    Utf8 "y";                              // #9
+    Method #11 #12;                        // #10
+    Class #13;                             // #11
+    NameAndType #14 #15;                   // #12
+    Utf8 "Parent";                         // #13
+    Utf8 "<init>";                         // #14
+    Utf8 "()V";                            // #15
+    Method #2 #17;                         // #16
+    NameAndType #18 #19;                   // #17
+    Utf8 "get_x";                          // #18
+    Utf8 "()I";                            // #19
+    Method #2 #21;                         // #20
+    NameAndType #22 #19;                   // #21
+    Utf8 "get_y";                          // #22
+    Method #11 #24;                        // #23
+    NameAndType #25 #26;                   // #24
+    Utf8 "toString";                       // #25
+    Utf8 "()Ljava/lang/String;";           // #26
+    InvokeDynamic 0s #28;                  // #27
+    NameAndType #29 #30;                   // #28
+    Utf8 "makeConcatWithConstants";        // #29
+    Utf8 "(IILjava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;";  // #30
+    Utf8 "RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations";    // #31
+    Utf8 "Ljdk/internal/vm/annotation/Strict;";  // #32
+    Utf8 "(ZZ)V";                          // #33
+    Utf8 "Code";                           // #34
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable";                // #35
+    Utf8 "StackMapTable";                  // #36
+    Utf8 "SourceFile";                     // #37
+    Utf8 "StrictInstanceFieldsTest.java";  // #38
+    Utf8 "BootstrapMethods";               // #39
+    String #41;                            // #40
+    Utf8 "x: \u0001\ny: \u0001\n\u0001";   // #41
+    MethodHandle 6b #43;                   // #42
+    Method #44 #45;                        // #43
+    Class #46;                             // #44
+    NameAndType #29 #47;                   // #45
+    Utf8 "java/lang/invoke/StringConcatFactory";  // #46
+    Utf8 "(Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodHandles$Lookup;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodType;Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/invoke/CallSite;";  // #47
+    Utf8 "InnerClasses";                   // #48
+    Class #50;                             // #49
+    Utf8 "java/lang/invoke/MethodHandles$Lookup";  // #50
+    Class #52;                             // #51
+    Utf8 "java/lang/invoke/MethodHandles";  // #52
+    Utf8 "Lookup";                         // #53
+  }
+
+  0x0020;                                  // access
+  #2;                                      // this_cpx
+  #11;                                     // super_cpx
+
+  [] {                                     // Interfaces
+  }                                        // end of Interfaces
+
+  [] {                                     // Fields
+    {                                      // field
+      0x0800;                              // access
+      #5;                                  // name_index
+      #6;                                  // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#31) {                        // RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+          [] {                             // annotations
+            {                              // annotation
+              #32;
+              [] {                         // element_value_pairs
+              }                            // element_value_pairs
+            }                              // annotation
+          }
+        }                                  // end of RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {                                      // field
+      0x0800;                              // access
+      #9;                                  // name_index
+      #6;                                  // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#31) {                        // RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+          [] {                             // annotations
+            {                              // annotation
+              #32;
+              [] {                         // element_value_pairs
+              }                            // element_value_pairs
+            }                              // annotation
+          }
+        }                                  // end of RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+  }                                        // end of Fields
+
+  [] {                                     // Methods
+    {                                      // method
+      0x0000;                              // access
+      #14;                                 // name_index
+      #33;                                 // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#34) {                        // Code
+          4;                               // max_stack
+          3;                               // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x1B 0x99 0x00 0x1C 0x2A 0x04 0xB5 0x00 0x01 0x1C 0x99 0x00;
+            0x0B 0x2A 0x04 0xB5 0x00 0x07 0xA7 0x00 0x15 0x2A 0x05 0xB5;
+            0x00 0x07 0xA7 0x00 0x0D 0x2A 0x2A 0x06 0x5A 0xB5 0x00 0x07;
+            0xB5 0x00 0x01 0x2A 0xB7 0x00 0x0A 0xB1;
+          }
+          [] {                             // Traps
+          }                                // end of Traps
+          [] {                             // Attributes
+            Attr(#35) {                    // LineNumberTable
+              [] {                         // line_number_table
+                   0  121;
+                   4  122;
+                   9  123;
+                  13  124;
+                  21  126;
+                  29  129;
+                  39  131;
+                  43  132;
+              }
+            }                              // end of LineNumberTable
+            ;
+            Attr(#36) {                    // StackMapTable
+              [] {                         //
+                246b, []{#8}, {            // early_larval_frame
+                  246b;                    // early_larval_frame, illegal
+                };
+                246b, []{#3; #8}, {        // early_larval_frame
+                  7b;                      // same_frame
+                };
+                246b, []{}, {              // early_larval_frame
+                  9b;                      // same_frame
+                };
+              }
+            }                              // end of StackMapTable
+          }                                // end of Attributes
+        }                                  // end of Code
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {                                      // method
+      0x0000;                              // access
+      #18;                                 // name_index
+      #19;                                 // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#34) {                        // Code
+          1;                               // max_stack
+          1;                               // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A 0xB4 0x00 0x01 0xAC;
+          }
+          [] {                             // Traps
+          }                                // end of Traps
+          [] {                             // Attributes
+            Attr(#35) {                    // LineNumberTable
+              [] {                         // line_number_table
+                   0  134;
+              }
+            }                              // end of LineNumberTable
+          }                                // end of Attributes
+        }                                  // end of Code
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {                                      // method
+      0x0000;                              // access
+      #22;                                 // name_index
+      #19;                                 // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#34) {                        // Code
+          1;                               // max_stack
+          1;                               // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A 0xB4 0x00 0x07 0xAC;
+          }
+          [] {                             // Traps
+          }                                // end of Traps
+          [] {                             // Attributes
+            Attr(#35) {                    // LineNumberTable
+              [] {                         // line_number_table
+                   0  135;
+              }
+            }                              // end of LineNumberTable
+          }                                // end of Attributes
+        }                                  // end of Code
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+    ;
+    {                                      // method
+      0x0001;                              // access
+      #25;                                 // name_index
+      #26;                                 // descriptor_index
+      [] {                                 // Attributes
+        Attr(#34) {                        // Code
+          3;                               // max_stack
+          1;                               // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2A 0xB6 0x00 0x10 0x2A 0xB6 0x00 0x14 0x2A 0xB7 0x00 0x17;
+            0xBA 0x00 0x1B 0x00 0x00 0xB0;
+          }
+          [] {                             // Traps
+          }                                // end of Traps
+          [] {                             // Attributes
+            Attr(#35) {                    // LineNumberTable
+              [] {                         // line_number_table
+                   0  139;
+              }
+            }                              // end of LineNumberTable
+          }                                // end of Attributes
+        }                                  // end of Code
+      }                                    // end of Attributes
+    }
+  }                                        // end of Methods
+
+  [] {                                     // Attributes
+    Attr(#37) {                            // SourceFile
+      #38;
+    }                                      // end of SourceFile
+    ;
+    Attr(#39) {                            // BootstrapMethods
+      [] {                                 // bootstrap_methods
+        {                                  // bootstrap_method
+          #42;                             // bootstrap_method_ref
+          [] {                             // bootstrap_arguments
+            #40;
+          }                                // bootstrap_arguments
+        }                                  // bootstrap_method
+      }
+    }                                      // end of BootstrapMethods
+    ;
+    Attr(#48) {                            // InnerClasses
+      [] {                                 // classes
+          #49   #51   #53  57;
+      }
+    }                                      // end of InnerClasses
+  }                                        // end of Attributes
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/RedefineStrictFieldsTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/RedefineStrictFieldsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ff920bf90ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/RedefineStrictFieldsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Redefinition tests that larval_frame stackmaps are adjusted
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run main RedefineClassHelper
+ * @compile StrictFieldsOld.java StrictFieldsNew.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor
+ *             StrictFieldsOld StrictFieldsNew
+ * @run main/othervm -Xverify:remote -javaagent:redefineagent.jar RedefineStrictFieldsTest
+ */
+
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import static jdk.test.lib.Asserts.assertTrue;
+
+// Must be placed in top-level package to avoid issues with RedefineClassHelper.
+public class RedefineStrictFieldsTest {
+
+    // All of this should be moved to RedefineClassHelper
+    private static byte[] getBytecodes(Class<?> thisClass, String name) throws Exception {
+        InputStream is = thisClass.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(name + ".class");
+        byte[] buf = is.readAllBytes();
+        System.out.println("sizeof(" + name + ".class) == " + buf.length);
+        return buf;
+    }
+
+    private static int getStringIndex(String needle, byte[] buf) {
+        return getStringIndex(needle, buf, 0);
+    }
+
+    private static int getStringIndex(String needle, byte[] buf, int offset) {
+        outer:
+        for (int i = offset; i < buf.length - offset - needle.length(); i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < needle.length(); j++) {
+                if (buf[i + j] != (byte)needle.charAt(j)) continue outer;
+            }
+            return i;
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    private static void replaceString(byte[] buf, String name, int index) {
+        for (int i = index; i < index + name.length(); i++) {
+            buf[i] = (byte)name.charAt(i - index);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static byte[] replaceAllStrings(String oldString, String newString) throws Exception {
+        byte [] buf = getBytecodes(RedefineStrictFieldsTest.class, oldString);
+        assertTrue(oldString.length() == newString.length(), "must have same length");
+        int index = -1;
+        while ((index = getStringIndex(oldString, buf, index + 1)) != 0) {
+            replaceString(buf, newString, index);
+        }
+        return buf;
+    }
+
+    // This should fail because x and y are no longer strict.
+    static String newClassBytes = "class StrictFieldsOld { " +
+                                     "int x; int y; " +
+                                     "StrictFieldsOld(boolean a, boolean b) { }" +
+                                     "public void foo() { System.out.println(x + y );}}";
+
+    public static void main(java.lang.String[] unused) throws Exception {
+
+        StrictFieldsOld old = new StrictFieldsOld(true, false);
+        old.foo();
+
+        // Rename class "StrictFieldsNew" to "StrictFieldsOld" so we can redefine it.
+        byte [] buf = replaceAllStrings("StrictFieldsNew", "StrictFieldsOld");
+        // Now redefine the original version.
+        // If the stackmaps aren't rewritten to point to new constant pool indices, this should get a VerifyError
+        // which RedefineClasses eats and makes into an InternalError.  Either way, this test will fail.
+        RedefineClassHelper.redefineClass(StrictFieldsOld.class, buf);
+        StrictFieldsOld newOld = new StrictFieldsOld(true, false);
+        newOld.foo();  // should call the new foo
+
+        // Redefine class without strict fields. Should get a redefinition error.
+        try {
+            RedefineClassHelper.redefineClass(StrictFieldsOld.class, newClassBytes);
+            StrictFieldsOld shouldThrow = new StrictFieldsOld(false, false);
+            shouldThrow.foo();  // Should not be called.
+            throw new RuntimeException("Redefinition should have failed");
+        } catch (java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException uoe) {
+            String msg = uoe.getMessage();
+            assertTrue(msg.contains("class redefinition failed: attempted to change the schema (add/remove fields)"), "FAILED");
+        }
+
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictFieldNotSubset.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictFieldNotSubset.jasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a7be8ab37c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictFieldNotSubset.jasm
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+class StrictFieldNotSubset extends Parent {
+  @Strict int x;
+  @Strict static int y;
+
+  StrictFieldNotSubset() {
+    y = 1; // Using putfield instead of putstatic
+    super();
+  }
+}
+*/
+
+identity class StrictFieldNotSubset extends Parent version 72:65535
+{
+  strict Field x:I;
+  static strict Field y:I;
+
+  public Method "<init>":"()V"
+    stack 2  locals 3
+  {
+         aload_0;
+         iconst_1;
+         putfield          Field y:"I";
+         aload_0;
+         invokespecial     Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+         return;
+  }
+} // end Class StrictFieldNotSubset
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictFields.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictFields.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ac40b0967f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictFields.java
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile strictFields.jasm
+ * @run main/othervm -Xverify:remote runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.verifier.StrictFields
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.verifier;
+
+public class StrictFields {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
+
+        // First load a class where strict should be ignored
+        Class<?> c = Class.forName("StrictIgnore");
+
+        // Now load a well-formed strict-using value class
+        c = Class.forName("StrictBase");
+
+        // Now a bad class
+        try {
+            c = Class.forName("PostInitStrict");
+            throw new Error("VerifyError was not thrown as expected!");
+        } catch (VerifyError ve) {
+            // Once strict non-final is possible, expect "Illegal use of putfield on a strict field"
+            if (!ve.getMessage().startsWith("All strict final fields must be initialized before super()")) {
+                throw new Error("Wrong VerifyError thrown", ve);
+            } else {
+                System.out.println("Expected VerifyError was thrown");
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Now a bad class that tries to write to a super class's strict field
+        // in the preinit phase
+        try {
+            c = Class.forName("BadStrictSubPreInit");
+            throw new Error("VerifyError was not thrown as expected!");
+        } catch (VerifyError ve) {
+            if (!ve.getMessage().startsWith("Bad type on operand stack")) {
+                throw new Error("Wrong VerifyError thrown", ve);
+            } else {
+                System.out.println("Expected VerifyError was thrown");
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Now a bad class that tries to write to a super class's strict field
+        // in the post phase. This is not a verification error but we test it
+        // here for completeness.Expected exception:
+        //    java.lang.IllegalAccessError: Update to non-static final field
+        //      BadStrictSubPostInit.x attempted from a different class
+        //       (BadStrictSubPostInit) than the field's declaring class
+        try {
+            c = Class.forName("BadStrictSubPostInit");
+            Object o = c.newInstance();
+            throw new Error("IllegalAccessErrorError was not thrown as expected!");
+        } catch (IllegalAccessError iae) {
+            if (!iae.getMessage().startsWith("Update to non-static final field")) {
+                throw new Error("Wrong IllegalAccessError thrown", iae);
+            } else {
+                System.out.println("Expected IllegalAccessError was thrown");
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictFieldsNew.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictFieldsNew.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3b7f854f626
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictFieldsNew.java
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictInit;
+
+class StrictFieldsNew {
+
+    @StrictInit
+    int x;
+    @StrictInit
+    int y;
+
+    StrictFieldsNew(boolean a, boolean b) {
+        System.out.println("Calling new constructor with " + a + " " + b);
+        if (a) {
+            x = 4;
+            if (b) {
+                y = 4;
+            } else {
+                y = 5;
+            }
+        } else {
+            x = y = 7;
+        }
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public void foo() {
+        System.out.println("Hello new fool " + x + " " + y );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictFieldsOld.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictFieldsOld.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ac4bdeedbdc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictFieldsOld.java
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictInit;
+
+class StrictFieldsOld {
+    @StrictInit
+    int x;
+    @StrictInit
+    int y;
+
+    StrictFieldsOld(boolean a, boolean b) {
+        if (a) {
+            x = 1;
+            if (b) {
+                y = 1;
+            } else {
+                y = 2;
+            }
+        } else {
+            x = y = 3;
+        }
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public void foo() {
+        System.out.println("Hello old fool " + x + " " + y );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictInstanceFieldsTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictInstanceFieldsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b74fcc90676
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictInstanceFieldsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @compile BadChild.jasm
+ *          BadChild1.jasm
+ *          StrictFieldNotSubset.jasm
+ *          ControlFlowChildBad.jasm
+ *          TryCatchChildBad.jasm
+ *          NestedEarlyLarval.jcod
+ *          EndsInEarlyLarval.jcod
+ *          EarlyLarvalNotSubset.jcod
+ *          InvalidIndexInEarlyLarval.jcod
+ * @compile StrictInstanceFieldsTest.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor
+ *             StrictInstanceFieldsTest
+ *             Child ControlFlowChild TryCatchChild AssignedInConditionalChild
+ *             SwitchCaseChild NestedConstructorChild FinalChild
+ * @run main/othervm -Xlog:verification StrictInstanceFieldsTest
+ */
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictInit;
+
+public class StrictInstanceFieldsTest {
+
+    public static <T> void negativeTest(Class<T> clazz, String msg, boolean... args) throws Exception {
+        try {
+            T child = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance(args);
+            System.out.println(child);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should fail verification");
+        } catch (java.lang.VerifyError e) {
+            if (!e.getMessage().contains(msg)) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("wrong exception: " + e.getMessage());
+            }
+            e.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+
+        // --------------
+        // POSITIVE TESTS
+        // --------------
+
+        // Base case
+        Child c = new Child();
+        System.out.println(c);
+
+        // Constructor with control flow
+        ControlFlowChild c1 = new ControlFlowChild(true, true);
+        System.out.println(c1);
+
+        // Constructor with try-catch-finally
+        TryCatchChild c2 = new TryCatchChild();
+        System.out.println(c2);
+
+        // Constructor with switch case
+        SwitchCaseChild c3 = new SwitchCaseChild(2);
+        System.out.println(c3);
+
+        // Constructor with strict field assignment in conditional
+        AssignedInConditionalChild c4 = new AssignedInConditionalChild();
+        System.out.println(c4);
+
+        // Constructor with nested constructor calls
+        NestedConstructorChild c5 = new NestedConstructorChild();
+        System.out.println(c5);
+
+        // Final stirct fields defined in constructor
+        FinalChild fc = new FinalChild();
+        System.out.println(fc);
+
+        // --------------
+        // NEGATIVE TESTS
+        // --------------
+
+        // Field not initialized before super call
+        negativeTest(BadChild.class, "All strict final fields must be initialized before super()");
+
+        // Field not initialized before super call
+        negativeTest(BadChild1.class, "All strict final fields must be initialized before super()");
+
+        // Attempt to assign a strict field not present in the original set of unset fields
+        negativeTest(StrictFieldNotSubset.class, "Initializing unknown strict field");
+
+        // Constructor with control flow but field is not initialized
+        negativeTest(ControlFlowChildBad.class, "Inconsistent stackmap frames at branch target", true, false);
+
+        // Constructor with try-catch but field is not initialized
+        negativeTest(TryCatchChildBad.class, "Inconsistent stackmap frames at branch target");
+
+        // Early_Larval frame contains another early_larval instead of a base frame
+        negativeTest(NestedEarlyLarval.class, "Early larval frame must be followed by a base frame", true, false);
+
+        // Stack map table ends in early_larval frame without base frame
+        negativeTest(EndsInEarlyLarval.class, "Early larval frame must be followed by a base frame", true, false);
+
+        // Early_larval frame includes a strict field not preset in the original set of unset fields
+        negativeTest(EarlyLarvalNotSubset.class, "Strict fields not a subset of initial strict instance fields", true, false);
+
+        // Early_larval frame includes a constant pool index that doesn't point to a NameAndType
+        negativeTest(InvalidIndexInEarlyLarval.class, "Invalid constant pool index in early larval frame", true, false);
+
+        System.out.println("Passed");
+    }
+}
+
+class Parent {
+    int z;
+
+    Parent() {
+        z = 0;
+        checkStrict(this.getClass());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+        Field[] fields = this.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
+
+        for (Field f : fields) {
+            try {
+                sb.append(f.getName() + ": " + f.get(this) + "\n");
+           } catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
+                throw new RuntimeException(ex);
+           }
+        }
+        return sb.toString();
+    }
+
+    // Every class in this test has strict fields x and y,
+    // make sure they have the ACC_STRICT_INIT flag set
+    public static void checkStrict(Class<?> c) {
+        Field[] fields = c.getDeclaredFields();
+
+        for (Field f : fields) {
+            if (f.getName().equals("x") && !f.isStrictInit()) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Field x should be strict");
+            }
+            if (f.getName().equals("y") && !f.isStrictInit()) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Field y should be strict");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class Child extends Parent {
+
+    @StrictInit
+    int x;
+    @StrictInit
+    int y;
+
+    Child() {
+        x = y = 1;
+        super();
+    }
+}
+
+class ControlFlowChild extends Parent {
+
+    @StrictInit
+    int x;
+    @StrictInit
+    int y;
+
+    ControlFlowChild(boolean a, boolean b) {
+        if (a) {
+            x = 1;
+            if (b) {
+                y = 1;
+            } else {
+                y = 2;
+            }
+        } else {
+            x = y = 3;
+        }
+        super();
+    }
+}
+
+class TryCatchChild extends Parent {
+
+    @StrictInit
+    int x;
+    @StrictInit
+    int y;
+
+    TryCatchChild() {
+        try {
+            x = 0;
+            int[] a = new int[1];
+            System.out.println(a[2]);
+        } catch (java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+            y = 0;
+        } finally {
+            x = y = 1;
+        }
+        super();
+    }
+}
+
+class AssignedInConditionalChild extends Parent {
+
+    @StrictInit
+    final int x;
+    @StrictInit
+    final int y;
+
+    AssignedInConditionalChild() {
+        if ((x=1) == 1) {
+            y = 1;
+        } else {
+            y = 2;
+        }
+        super();
+    }
+}
+
+class SwitchCaseChild extends Parent {
+
+    @StrictInit
+    final int x;
+    @StrictInit
+    final int y;
+
+    SwitchCaseChild(int n) {
+        switch(n) {
+            case 0:
+                x = y = 0;
+                break;
+            case 1:
+                x = y = 1;
+                break;
+            case 2:
+                x = y = 2;
+                break;
+            default:
+                x = y = 100;
+                break;
+        }
+        super();
+    }
+}
+
+class NestedConstructorChild extends Parent {
+
+    @StrictInit
+    final int x;
+    @StrictInit
+    final int y;
+
+    NestedConstructorChild(boolean a, boolean b) {
+        if (a) {
+            x = 1;
+            if (b) {
+                y = 1;
+            } else {
+                y = 2;
+            }
+        } else {
+            x = y = 3;
+        }
+        super();
+    }
+
+    NestedConstructorChild() {
+        this(true, true);
+    }
+}
+
+class FinalChild extends Parent {
+
+    @StrictInit
+    final int x;
+    @StrictInit
+    final int y;
+
+    FinalChild() {
+        x = y = 1;
+        super();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictStaticFieldsTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictStaticFieldsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b6112b2e6ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictStaticFieldsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8349945
+ * @summary Tracking of strict static fields
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @compile Bnoinit_BAD.jasm
+ *          Brbefore_BAD.jasm
+ *          Cwreflective_OK.jasm
+ *          Creflbefore_BAD.jasm
+ *          WriteAfterReadRefl.jasm
+ * @compile StrictStaticFieldsTest.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor
+ *             StrictStaticFieldsTest
+ *             Aregular_OK
+ *             Anulls_OK
+ *             Arepeat_OK
+ *             Aupdate_OK
+ * @run main/othervm StrictStaticFieldsTest
+ */
+
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictInit;
+
+public class StrictStaticFieldsTest {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        // --------------
+        // POSITIVE TESTS
+        // --------------
+
+        // Base Case
+        printStatics(Aregular_OK.class);
+
+        // Strict statics initialized to null and zero
+        printStatics(Anulls_OK.class);
+
+        // Assign strict static twice
+        printStatics(Arepeat_OK.class);
+
+        // Read and write initialized strict static
+        printStatics(Aupdate_OK.class);
+
+        // Reflectively set static fields
+        printStaticsReflective(Cwreflective_OK.class);
+
+        // --------------
+        // NEGATIVE TESTS
+        // --------------
+
+        // Strict statics not initialized
+        try {
+            printStatics(Bnoinit_BAD.class);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should throw");
+        } catch(ExceptionInInitializerError ex) {
+            Throwable e = (ex.getCause() != null) ? ex.getCause() : ex;
+            if (!e.getMessage().contains("unset after initialization")) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("wrong exception: " + e.getMessage());
+            }
+            e.printStackTrace();
+        }
+
+        // Read before write
+        try {
+            printStatics(Brbefore_BAD.class);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should throw");
+        } catch(ExceptionInInitializerError ex) {
+            Throwable e = (ex.getCause() != null) ? ex.getCause() : ex;
+            if (!e.getMessage().contains("is unset before first read")) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("wrong exception: " + e.getMessage());
+            }
+            e.printStackTrace();
+        }
+
+        // Reflective read before write
+        try {
+            printStaticsReflective(Creflbefore_BAD.class);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should throw");
+        } catch(ExceptionInInitializerError ex) {
+            Throwable e = (ex.getCause() != null) ? ex.getCause() : ex;
+            if (!e.getMessage().contains("is unset before first read")) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("wrong exception: " + e.getMessage());
+            }
+            e.printStackTrace();
+        }
+
+        // Reflective write after read
+        try {
+            printStaticsReflective(WriteAfterReadRefl.class);
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should throw");
+        } catch(ExceptionInInitializerError ex) {
+            Throwable e = (ex.getCause() != null) ? ex.getCause() : ex;
+            if (!e.getMessage().contains("set after read")) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("wrong exception: " + e.getMessage());
+            }
+            e.printStackTrace();
+        }
+
+        System.out.println("Passed");
+    }
+
+    static void printStatics(Class<?> cls) throws Exception {
+        Field f1 = cls.getDeclaredField("F1__STRICT");
+        Field f2 = cls.getDeclaredField("F2__STRICT");
+        System.out.println(f1.get(null));
+        System.out.println(f2.get(null));
+    }
+
+    // Methods for reflective access
+    static void printStaticsReflective(Class<?> cls) throws Exception {
+        Field FIELD_F1 = findField(cls, "F1__STRICT");
+        Field FIELD_F2 = findField(cls, "F2__STRICT");
+
+        String f1 = (String)getstaticReflective(FIELD_F1);
+        int f2 = (int)getstaticReflective(FIELD_F2);
+
+        System.out.println(f1);
+        System.out.println(f2);
+    }
+
+    static void putstaticReflective(Field f, Object x) {
+        try {
+            f.set(null, x);
+        } catch (ReflectiveOperationException ex) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object getstaticReflective(Field f) {
+        try {
+            return f.get(null);
+        } catch (ReflectiveOperationException ex) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Field findField(Class<?> cls, String name) {
+        try {
+            return cls.getDeclaredField(name);
+        } catch (ReflectiveOperationException ex) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class Aregular_OK {
+        @StrictInit static final String F1__STRICT = "hello";
+        @StrictInit static final int    F2__STRICT = 42;
+    }
+
+class Anulls_OK {
+    @StrictInit static String F1__STRICT = null;
+    @StrictInit static int    F2__STRICT = 0;
+}
+
+class Arepeat_OK {
+    @StrictInit static String F1__STRICT = "hello";
+    @StrictInit static int    F2__STRICT = 42;
+    static {
+        System.out.print("(making second putstatic)");
+        F2__STRICT = 43;
+    }
+}
+
+class Aupdate_OK {
+    @StrictInit static String F1__STRICT = "hello";
+    @StrictInit static int    F2__STRICT = 42;
+    static {
+        System.out.println("(making getstatic and second putstatic)");
+        F2__STRICT++;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictStaticTests.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictStaticTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4eb7685465d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictStaticTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=default
+ * @bug 8349945
+ * @summary test tracking of strict static fields
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main StrictStaticTests
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=C1only
+ * @bug 8349945
+ * @summary test tracking of strict static fields
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=2 -Xcomp -Xbatch StrictStaticTests
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=C2only
+ * @bug 8349945
+ * @summary test tracking of strict static fields
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xcomp -Xbatch StrictStaticTests
+ */
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.lang.classfile.*;
+import java.lang.constant.*;
+import java.lang.reflect.*;
+import java.lang.invoke.*;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+
+import static java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles.*;
+import static java.lang.invoke.MethodType.*;
+import static java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs.*;
+
+public class StrictStaticTests {
+    private static final MethodHandles.Lookup LOOKUP = MethodHandles.lookup();
+    private static final String THIS_PACKAGE = LOOKUP.lookupClass().getPackageName();
+
+    static Class<?> buildClass(String className,
+                               Class<?> staticType,
+                               int writeCount,   // how many putstatics? (0=>error)
+                               byte readFlag,    // read before (-1) or after (1)?
+                               int extraCount,   // how many extra strict statics?
+                               boolean finals    // make them all finals?
+                               ) throws Exception {
+        ClassDesc cn = ClassDesc.of(className);
+        ClassDesc CD_Integer = Integer.class.describeConstable().orElseThrow();
+        String    VO_NAME = "valueOf";
+        MethodTypeDesc VO_TYPE = MethodTypeDesc.of(CD_Integer, CD_int);
+        String    SS_NAME = "SS";
+        ClassDesc SS_TYPE = staticType.describeConstable().orElseThrow();
+        String    XS_NAME = "EXTRAS";
+        ClassDesc XS_TYPE = CD_boolean;
+        String    PS_NAME = "PLAIN";
+        ClassDesc PS_TYPE = CD_byte;
+
+        boolean prim = staticType.isPrimitive();
+        boolean pop2 = staticType == double.class;
+        final ConstantDesc SS_INIT, SS_INIT_2;
+        if (!prim) {
+            SS_INIT = "foo";
+            SS_INIT_2 = null;
+        } else if (!pop2) {
+            SS_INIT = 1;
+            SS_INIT_2 = 0;
+        } else {
+            SS_INIT = 3.14;
+            SS_INIT_2 = 0.0;
+        }
+        int mods = (ClassFile.ACC_STATIC | ClassFile.ACC_STRICT |
+                    (finals ? ClassFile.ACC_FINAL : 0));
+        byte[] classBytes = ClassFile.of().build(cn, clb -> {
+                clb.withFlags(ClassFile.ACC_FINAL);
+                clb.withVersion(ClassFile.latestMajorVersion(), ClassFile.PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION);
+                clb.withField(SS_NAME, SS_TYPE, mods);
+                for (int i = 0; i < extraCount; i++) {
+                    clb.withField(XS_NAME+i, XS_TYPE, mods);
+                    clb.withField(PS_NAME+i, PS_TYPE, mods & ~ClassFile.ACC_STRICT);
+                }
+                clb.withMethodBody(CLASS_INIT_NAME, MTD_void, ClassFile.ACC_STATIC, cob -> {
+                        // always store into the extra strict static(s)
+                        for (int i = 0; i < extraCount/2; i++) {
+                            cob.loadConstant(i&1);
+                            cob.putstatic(cn, XS_NAME+i, XS_TYPE);
+                        }
+                        if (readFlag < 0) {
+                            // perform an early read, which must fail
+                            cob.getstatic(cn, SS_NAME, SS_TYPE);
+                            if (pop2) cob.pop2(); else cob.pop();
+                        }
+                        // perform any writes on the test field
+                        ConstantDesc initializer = SS_INIT;
+                        for (int i = 0; i < writeCount; i++) {
+                            if (i == 1 && readFlag > 0) {
+                                // do an extra read after the first write
+                                if (readFlag > 0) {
+                                    cob.getstatic(cn, SS_NAME, SS_TYPE);
+                                    if (pop2) cob.pop2(); else cob.pop();
+                                }
+                            }
+                            if (i > 0) initializer = SS_INIT_2;
+                            cob.loadConstant(initializer);
+                            cob.putstatic(cn, SS_NAME, SS_TYPE);
+                            // if we write zero times we must fail
+                        }
+                        if (readFlag > 0) {
+                            // do more extra reads
+                            cob.getstatic(cn, SS_NAME, SS_TYPE);
+                            if (prim) {
+                                if (pop2) cob.pop2(); else cob.pop();
+                            } else {
+                                cob.loadConstant(initializer);
+                                var L_skip = cob.newLabel();
+                                cob.if_acmpeq(L_skip);
+                                cob.loadConstant(null);
+                                cob.athrow();  // NPE!
+                                cob.labelBinding(L_skip);
+                            }
+                        }
+                        // finish storing into the extra strict static(s)
+                        for (int i = extraCount/2; i < extraCount; i++) {
+                            cob.loadConstant(i&1);
+                            cob.putstatic(cn, XS_NAME+i, XS_TYPE);
+                        }
+                        cob.return_();
+                    });
+            });
+        File c = new File(className + ".class");
+        c.createNewFile();
+        Files.write(c.toPath(), classBytes);
+
+        var vererrs = ClassFile.of().verify(classBytes);
+        if (vererrs != null && !vererrs.isEmpty()) {
+            System.out.println(vererrs);
+            var cm = ClassFile.of().parse(classBytes);
+            System.out.println(cm.toDebugString());
+            throw new AssertionError();
+        }
+        ++COUNT;
+        try {
+            return LOOKUP.defineHiddenClass(classBytes, false).lookupClass();
+        } catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int COUNT = 0;
+
+    private static final Class<?> STATIC_TYPES[] = {
+        Object.class,
+        String.class,
+        int.class,
+        boolean.class,
+        double.class
+    };
+
+    static boolean isSSFailure(Throwable ex) {
+        return ex instanceof ExceptionInInitializerError &&
+            ex.getCause() instanceof IllegalStateException;
+    }
+    static void testPositives() throws Exception {
+        testPositives(false);
+        testPositives(true);
+    }
+    static void testPositives(boolean finals) throws Exception {
+        for (var staticType : STATIC_TYPES) {
+            for (int writeCount = 1; writeCount <= 3; writeCount++) {
+                for (byte readFlag = 0; readFlag <= 1; readFlag++) {
+                    if (writeCount > readFlag)
+                        continue;
+                    for (int extraCount = 0; extraCount <= 3; extraCount++) {
+                        if (extraCount > 0 && staticType != String.class)  continue;
+                        var cn = String.format("Positive_T%s%s_W%d%s%s",
+                                               staticType.getSimpleName(),
+                                               (finals ? "_SSFinal" : ""),
+                                               writeCount,
+                                               (readFlag > 0 ? "_Rafter" :
+                                                readFlag < 0 ? "_Rbefore" : ""),
+                                               (extraCount > 0 ? "_E"+extraCount : ""));
+                        var cls = buildClass(cn, staticType, writeCount, readFlag, extraCount, finals);
+                        try {
+                            LOOKUP.ensureInitialized(cls);
+                            if (VERBOSE)
+                                System.out.printf("ok: %s: no throw\n", cn);
+                        } catch (Throwable ex) {
+                            reportThrow(false, ex, cn);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    static void testFailedWrites() throws Exception {
+        testFailedWrites(false);
+        testFailedWrites(true);
+    }
+    static void testFailedWrites(boolean finals) throws Exception {
+        for (var staticType : STATIC_TYPES) {
+            for (int writeCount = 0; writeCount <= 2; writeCount++) {
+                for (byte readFlag = 0; readFlag <= 1; readFlag++) {
+                    if (readFlag > 0 || writeCount > 0) {
+                        if (!finals || writeCount < 2)
+                            continue;
+                        if (readFlag <= 0)
+                            continue;  // Mode 2 fails only with R between 2W: W-R-W
+                    }
+                    for (int extraCount = 0; extraCount <= 3; extraCount++) {
+                        if (extraCount > 0 && staticType != String.class)  continue;
+                        var cn = String.format("BadWrite_T%s%s_W%d%s%s",
+                                               staticType.getSimpleName(),
+                                               (finals ? "_SSFinal" : ""),
+                                               writeCount,
+                                               (readFlag > 0 ? "_Rafter" :
+                                                readFlag < 0 ? "_Rbefore" : ""),
+                                               (extraCount > 0 ? "_E"+extraCount : ""));
+                        var cls = buildClass(cn, staticType, writeCount, readFlag, extraCount, finals);
+                        try {
+                            LOOKUP.ensureInitialized(cls);
+                            throw new RuntimeException(cn);
+                        } catch (Throwable ex) {
+                            reportThrow(isSSFailure(ex), ex, cn);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    static void testFailedReads() throws Exception {
+        testFailedReads(false);
+        testFailedReads(true);
+    }
+    static void testFailedReads(boolean finals) throws Exception {
+        for (var staticType : STATIC_TYPES) {
+            for (int writeCount = 0; writeCount <= 1; writeCount++) {
+                for (byte readFlag = -1; readFlag <= -1; readFlag++) {
+                    for (int extraCount = 0; extraCount <= 3; extraCount++) {
+                        if (extraCount > 0 && staticType != String.class)  continue;
+                        var cn = String.format("BadRead_T%s%s_W%d_%s%s",
+                                               staticType.getSimpleName(),
+                                               (finals ? "_SSFinal" : ""),
+                                               writeCount,
+                                               (readFlag > 0 ? "_Rafter" :
+                                                readFlag < 0 ? "_Rbefore" : ""),
+                                               (extraCount > 0 ? "_E"+extraCount : ""));
+                        var cls = buildClass(cn, staticType, writeCount, readFlag, extraCount, finals);
+                        try {
+                            LOOKUP.ensureInitialized(cls);
+                            throw new RuntimeException(cn);
+                        } catch (Throwable ex) {
+                            reportThrow(isSSFailure(ex), ex, cn);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static boolean VERBOSE = true;
+
+    private static void reportThrow(boolean ok, Throwable ex, String cn) {
+        if (!ok)  throw new RuntimeException(ex);
+        if (VERBOSE) {
+            if (ex instanceof ExceptionInInitializerError && ex.getCause() != null)
+                ex = ex.getCause();
+            String exs = ex.toString();
+            exs = exs.replaceFirst("^[^ ]*IllegalStateException: ", "ISE: ");
+            exs = exs.replaceFirst(" strictStatic[.][^ ]+/0x[^ ]+", "...");
+            System.out.printf("%s: %s: %s\n", ok ? "ok" : "FAIL", cn, exs);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public static void main(String... av) throws Exception {
+        testPositives();
+        testFailedWrites();
+        testFailedReads();
+        System.out.println("tested " + COUNT + " classes");
+        System.out.println("Passed");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/TryCatchChildBad.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/TryCatchChildBad.jasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..32cca7c20f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/TryCatchChildBad.jasm
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+class TryCatchChild extends Parent {
+    @Strict int x;
+    @Strict int y;
+
+    TryCatchChild() {
+        try {
+            x = 0;
+            int[] a = new int[1];
+            System.out.println(a[2]);
+        } catch (java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+            y = 0;
+        }
+        super();
+    }
+}
+*/
+
+identity class TryCatchChildBad extends Parent version 72:65535
+{
+  strict Field x:I;
+  strict Field y:I;
+
+  Method       "<init>":"()V"
+    stack 4  locals 2
+  {
+         try               T0, T1;
+         aload_0;
+         iconst_0;
+         putfield          Field x:"I";
+         iconst_1;
+         newarray          int;
+         astore_1;
+         getstatic         Field java/lang/System.out:"Ljava/io/PrintStream;";
+         aload_1;
+         iconst_2;
+         iaload;
+         invokevirtual     Method java/io/PrintStream.println:"(I)V";
+         endtry            T0,T1;
+         goto              L63;
+         catch             T0 java/lang/ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException;
+         try               T2;
+         stack_frame_type  stack1;
+           stack_map       class java/lang/ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException;
+         astore_1;
+         aload_0;
+         iconst_0;
+         putfield          Field y:"I";
+         endtry            T2;
+         goto              L63;
+         catch             T1 #0;
+         catch             T2 #0;
+         stack_frame_type  stack1;
+           stack_map       class java/lang/Throwable;
+         astore_2;
+         aload_2;
+         athrow;
+  L63:   stack_frame_type  early_larval;
+           unset_fields;
+           frame_type      same;
+         aload_0;
+         invokespecial     Method Parent."<init>":"()V";
+         return;
+  }
+} // end Class TryCatchChildBad
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitThisAcmp.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitThisAcmp.jasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d56a9c5a1bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitThisAcmp.jasm
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+class UninitThisAcmp version 69:0
+{
+  public Method "<init>":"()V"
+    stack 2  locals 2
+  {
+         new               class java/lang/Object;
+         dup;
+         invokespecial     Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+         astore_1;
+         aload_0;
+         aload_1;
+         if_acmpne         L14;
+         nop;
+  L14:   stack_frame_type  append;
+           locals_map      class java/lang/Object;
+         aload_0;
+         invokespecial     Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+         return;
+  }
+} // end Class UninitThisAcmp
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitThisAcmpOld.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitThisAcmpOld.jasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..582ed5285bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitThisAcmpOld.jasm
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+class UninitThisAcmpOld version 49:0
+{
+  public Method "<init>":"()V"
+    stack 2  locals 2
+  {
+         new               class java/lang/Object;
+         dup;
+         invokespecial     Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+         astore_1;
+         aload_0;
+         aload_1;
+         if_acmpne         L14;
+         nop;
+  L14:   invokespecial     Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+         return;
+  }
+} // end Class UninitThisAcmpOld
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitThisIfNull.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitThisIfNull.jasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9b31e357d86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitThisIfNull.jasm
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+class UninitThisIfNull version 69:0
+{
+  public Method "<init>":"()V"
+    stack 2  locals 2
+  {
+         new               class java/lang/Object;
+         dup;
+         invokespecial     Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+         astore_1;
+         aload_0;
+         ifnonnull         L14;
+         nop;
+  L14:   stack_frame_type  append;
+           locals_map      class java/lang/Object;
+         aload_0;
+         invokespecial     Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+         return;
+  }
+} // end Class UninitThisIfNull
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitThisIfNullOld.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitThisIfNullOld.jasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9391f0c23d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitThisIfNullOld.jasm
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+class UninitThisIfNullOld version 49:0
+{
+  public Method "<init>":"()V"
+    stack 2  locals 2
+  {
+         new               class java/lang/Object;
+         dup;
+         invokespecial     Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+         astore_1;
+         aload_0;
+         ifnonnull         L14;
+         nop;
+  L14:   aload_0;
+         invokespecial     Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+         return;
+  }
+} // end Class UninitThisIfNullOld
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitializedAcmp.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitializedAcmp.jasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c4e070afcfb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitializedAcmp.jasm
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+class UninitializedAcmp version 69:0
+{
+  Method       "<init>":"()V"
+    stack 5  locals 1
+  {
+         aload_0;
+         invokespecial     Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+         aload_0;
+   L1:   new               class java/lang/Object;
+         dup;
+         dup;
+         dup;
+         if_acmpne         L18;
+         nop;
+  L18:   stack_frame_type  full;
+           locals_map      class UninitializedAcmp;
+           stack_map       class UninitializedAcmp, at L1, at L1;
+         invokespecial     Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+         return;
+  }
+} // end Class UninitializedAcmp
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitializedAcmpOld.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitializedAcmpOld.jasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ce93c00a678
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitializedAcmpOld.jasm
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+class UninitializedAcmpOld version 49:0
+{
+  Method       "<init>":"()V"
+    stack 5  locals 1
+  {
+         aload_0;
+         invokespecial     Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+         aload_0;
+   L1:   new               class java/lang/Object;
+         dup;
+         dup;
+         dup;
+         if_acmpne         L18;
+         nop;
+  L18:   invokespecial     Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+         return;
+  }
+} // end Class UninitializedAcmpOld
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitializedIfNull.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitializedIfNull.jasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1465c52cdd9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitializedIfNull.jasm
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+class UninitializedIfNull version 69:0
+{
+  Method       "<init>":"()V"
+    stack 3  locals 1
+  {
+         aload_0;
+         invokespecial     Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+   L1:   new               class java/lang/Object;
+         dup;
+         dup;
+         ifnonnull         L18;
+         nop;
+  L18:   stack_frame_type  full;
+           locals_map      class UninitializedIfNull;
+           stack_map       at L1, at L1;
+         invokespecial     Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+         return;
+  }
+} // end Class UninitializedIfNull
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitializedIfNullOld.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitializedIfNullOld.jasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..605ce466cc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitializedIfNullOld.jasm
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+class UninitializedIfNullOld version 49:0
+{
+  Method       "<init>":"()V"
+    stack 3  locals 1
+  {
+         aload_0;
+         invokespecial     Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+   L1:   new               class java/lang/Object;
+         dup;
+         dup;
+         ifnonnull         L18;
+         nop;
+  L18:   invokespecial     Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+         return;
+  }
+} // end Class UninitializedIfNullOld
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitializedThisVerificationTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitializedThisVerificationTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c365ac67959
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitializedThisVerificationTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8366743
+ * @summary Test spec rules for uninitialized
+ * @compile UninitThisAcmp.jasm UninitThisIfNull.jasm
+ *          UninitializedIfNull.jasm UninitializedAcmp.jasm
+ *          UninitThisAcmpOld.jasm UninitThisIfNullOld.jasm
+ *          UninitializedAcmpOld.jasm UninitializedIfNullOld.jasm
+ * @run main/othervm -Xlog:verification runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.verifier.UninitializedThisVerificationTest
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.verifier;
+
+
+public class UninitializedThisVerificationTest {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        String[] testNames = { "UninitThisAcmp", "UninitThisIfNull",
+                               "UninitializedAcmp", "UninitializedIfNull",
+                               "UninitThisAcmpOld", "UninitThisIfNullOld",
+                               "UninitializedAcmpOld", "UninitializedIfNullOld" };
+        int fails = 0;
+        for (String test : testNames) {
+            System.out.println("Testing " + test);
+            try {
+                Class c = Class.forName(test);
+                System.out.println("Failed");
+                fails++;
+            } catch (java.lang.VerifyError e) {
+                System.out.println("Passed");
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (fails > 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Failed: Expected VerifyError in " + fails + " tests");
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/VTAssignability.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/VTAssignability.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1b9b9f7cad1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/VTAssignability.java
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test basic verifier assignability of inline types.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile VTAssignability.java
+ * @run main/othervm -Xverify:remote runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.verifier.VTAssignability
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.verifier;
+
+// Test that an inline type is assignable to itself, to java.lang.Object,
+// to an abstract super type and to an interface,
+//
+interface II { }
+
+abstract value class AbstractValue { }
+
+public value  class VTAssignability extends AbstractValue implements II {
+    final int x;
+    final int y;
+
+    public VTAssignability(int x, int y) {
+        this.x = x;
+        this.y = y;
+    }
+
+    public int getX() { return x; }
+    public int getY() { return y; }
+
+    public boolean isSameVTAssignability(VTAssignability that) {
+        return this.getX() == that.getX() && this.getY() == that.getY();
+    }
+
+    public boolean equals(Object o) {
+        if(o instanceof VTAssignability) {
+            return ((VTAssignability)o).x == x &&  ((VTAssignability)o).y == y;
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void takesAbstractSuper(AbstractValue val) {
+        System.out.println("Test passes for abstract super");
+    }
+
+    public void takesInterface(II i) {
+        System.out.println("Test passes for interfaces");
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        VTAssignability a = new VTAssignability(3, 4);
+        VTAssignability b = new VTAssignability(2, 4);
+
+        // Test assignability of an inline type to itself.
+        boolean res = a.isSameVTAssignability(b);
+
+        // Test assignability of an inline type to java.lang.Object.
+        res = b.equals(a);
+
+        // Test assignability of an inline type to an abstract super type.
+        a.takesAbstractSuper(b);
+
+        // Test assignability of an inline type to an interface.
+        a.takesInterface(b);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/VTMonitor.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/VTMonitor.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..585d57717f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/VTMonitor.java
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8227373
+ * @summary Test that verifier allows monitor operations on inline types.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile  VTMonitor.java
+ * @run main/othervm -Xverify:remote runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.verifier.VTMonitor
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.verifier;
+
+public value final class VTMonitor {
+    final int x;
+    final int y;
+
+    public VTMonitor(int x, int y) {
+        this.x = x;
+        this.y = y;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Object a = new VTMonitor(3, 4);
+        try {
+            synchronized(a) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Synchronization on inline type should fail");
+            }
+        } catch (java.lang.IdentityException e) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/WriteAfterReadRefl.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/WriteAfterReadRefl.jasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9a0ee4d7b73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/WriteAfterReadRefl.jasm
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+class WriteAfterReadRefl {
+        @Strict static final String F1__STRICT;
+        @Strict static final int    F2__STRICT;
+        static {
+            // Bytecode write
+            F1__STRICT = "foo";
+            F2__STRICT = 42;
+
+
+            // Reflective read
+            Field FIELD_F2 = findField(WriteAfterReadRefl.class, "F2__STRICT");
+            int x = (int) getstaticReflective(FIELD_F2);
+
+            // Bytecode write after read (FAIL)
+            F2__STRICT = 43;
+        }
+    }
+*/
+
+super class WriteAfterReadRefl version 72:65535
+{
+  strict static final  Field F1__STRICT:"Ljava/lang/String;";
+  strict static final Field F2__STRICT:I;
+
+  Method       "<init>":"(LStrictStaticFieldsTest;)V"
+    stack 2  locals 2
+     0:  #{ #0 final mandated }
+  {
+         aload_1;
+         dup;
+         invokestatic      Method java/util/Objects.requireNonNull:"(Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/Object;";
+         pop;
+         pop;
+         aload_0;
+         invokespecial     Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+         return;
+  }
+
+  static Method "<clinit>":"()V"
+    stack 2  locals 2
+  {
+         ldc               String "foo";
+         putstatic         Field F1__STRICT:"Ljava/lang/String;";
+         bipush            42;
+         putstatic         Field F2__STRICT:"I";
+         ldc               class WriteAfterReadRefl;
+         ldc               String "F2__STRICT";
+         invokestatic      Method StrictStaticFieldsTest.findField:"(Ljava/lang/Class;Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/reflect/Field;";
+         astore_0;
+         aload_0;
+         invokestatic      Method StrictStaticFieldsTest.getstaticReflective:"(Ljava/lang/reflect/Field;)Ljava/lang/Object;";
+         checkcast         class java/lang/Integer;
+         invokevirtual     Method java/lang/Integer.intValue:"()I";
+         istore_1;
+         bipush            43;
+         putstatic         Field F2__STRICT:"I";
+         return;
+  }
+} // end Class WriteAfterReadRefl
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/strictFields.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/strictFields.jasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c44dc88ce67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/strictFields.jasm
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+// Defines the classes used by StrictFields.java to check verification
+// of strict fields.
+
+// StrictIgnore is an earlier classfile version for which strict must be ignored
+// so we can write to it multiple times in the constructor.
+public class StrictIgnore version 66:0 {
+  final strict Field x:I;
+
+  public Method "<init>":"()V" stack 2 {
+      aload_0;
+      iconst_1;
+      putfield x:I;
+      aload_0;
+      invokespecial Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+      aload_0;
+      iconst_1;
+      putfield x:I;
+      return;
+   }
+}
+
+// StrictBase is a well formed value class with a strict field, that can
+// be used for subclassing.
+public abstract class StrictBase version 72:65535 {
+  protected final strict Field x:I;
+
+  public Method "<init>":"()V" stack 2 {
+      aload_0;
+      iconst_1;
+      putfield x:I;
+      aload_0;
+      invokespecial Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+      return;
+   }
+}
+
+// PostInitStrict is a bad value class that writes to a strict field after the
+// super constructor call.
+public final class PostInitStrict version 72:65535 {
+  final strict Field y:I;
+
+  public Method "<init>":"()V" stack 2 {
+      aload_0;
+      invokespecial Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+      aload_0;
+      iconst_1;
+      putfield y:I;
+      return;
+   }
+}
+
+// BadStrictSubPreInit is a bad value class that tries to write to an inherited
+// strict field while acting on UninitializedThis.
+public final class BadStrictSubPreInit extends StrictBase version 72:65535 {
+
+  public Method "<init>":"()V" stack 2 {
+      aload_0;
+      iconst_1;
+      putfield x:I;
+      aload_0;
+      invokespecial Method StrictBase."<init>":"()V";
+      return;
+   }
+}
+
+// BadStrictSubPostInit is a bad value class that tries to write to an inherited
+// strict field in "regular" code.
+public final class BadStrictSubPostInit extends StrictBase version 72:65535 {
+
+  public Method "<init>":"()V" stack 2 {
+      aload_0;
+      invokespecial Method StrictBase."<init>":"()V";
+      aload_0;
+      iconst_1;
+      putfield x:I;
+      return;
+   }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/verifier/CFLH/TestVerify.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/verifier/CFLH/TestVerify.java
index 33cb881e537..db094221d72 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/verifier/CFLH/TestVerify.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/verifier/CFLH/TestVerify.java
@@ -164,6 +164,7 @@ public static void main(String argv[]) throws Exception {
                 // Load the class instrumented with CFLH for the VerifyError.
                 inst.addTransformer(new BadTransformer());
                 Class<?> cls = Class.forName(CLASS_TO_BREAK);
+                System.out.println("class loaded" + cls);
             }
             throw new RuntimeException("Failed: Did not throw VerifyError");
         } catch (VerifyError e) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/ForceEarlyReturn/ForceEarlyReturnValueClass.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/ForceEarlyReturn/ForceEarlyReturnValueClass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..47c0e6a8166
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/ForceEarlyReturn/ForceEarlyReturnValueClass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test ForceEarlyReturnVoid when the target thread's top frame is a value class
+ *     constructor, method or class initializer.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run junit/othervm/native --enable-native-access=ALL-UNNAMED -agentlib:ForceEarlyReturnValueClass ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+class ForceEarlyReturnValueClass {
+
+    private static final int JVMTI_ERROR_NONE = 0;
+    private static final int JVMTI_ERROR_OPAQUE_FRAME = 32;
+
+    /**
+     * Test that ForceEarlyReturnVoid fails with JVMTI_ERROR_OPAQUE_FRAME when the
+     * target thread's top frame is a value class constructor before super.
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testForceEarlyReturnBeforeSuper() throws Exception {
+        class TestCase {
+            static volatile boolean initStarted;
+            static volatile boolean initFinished;
+            static volatile boolean stop;
+            static value class ValueClass {
+                ValueClass() {
+                    TestCase.initStarted = true;
+                    while (!TestCase.stop) {}
+                    super();
+                    TestCase.initFinished = true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Thread thread = Thread.ofPlatform().start(TestCase.ValueClass::new);
+        boolean suspended = false;
+        try {
+            // wait for target thread to start executing constructor
+            while (!TestCase.initStarted) {
+                Thread.sleep(10);
+            }
+            assertEquals(JVMTI_ERROR_NONE, suspendThread(thread));
+            suspended = true;
+            assertTopFrame(thread, TestCase.ValueClass.class, "<init>");
+            assertEquals(JVMTI_ERROR_OPAQUE_FRAME, forceEarlyReturnVoid(thread));
+        } finally {
+            TestCase.stop = true;
+            if (suspended) resumeThread(thread);
+            thread.join();
+        }
+        assertTrue(TestCase.initFinished);  // constructor should have run to end
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test that ForceEarlyReturnVoid fails with JVMTI_ERROR_OPAQUE_FRAME when the
+     * target thread's top frame is a value class constructor after super.
+     * (This case may be allowed to succeed in the future)
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testForceEarlyReturnAfterSuper() throws Exception {
+        class TestCase {
+            static volatile boolean afterSuperStarted;
+            static volatile boolean initFinished;
+            static volatile boolean stop;
+            static value class ValueClass {
+                ValueClass() {
+                    super();
+                    TestCase.afterSuperStarted = true;
+                    while (!TestCase.stop) {}
+                    TestCase.initFinished = true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Thread thread = Thread.ofPlatform().start(TestCase.ValueClass::new);
+        boolean suspended = false;
+        try {
+            // wait for target thread to start executing code after super
+            while (!TestCase.afterSuperStarted) {
+                Thread.sleep(10);
+            }
+            assertEquals(JVMTI_ERROR_NONE, suspendThread(thread));
+            suspended = true;
+            assertTopFrame(thread, TestCase.ValueClass.class, "<init>");
+            assertEquals(JVMTI_ERROR_OPAQUE_FRAME, forceEarlyReturnVoid(thread));
+        } finally {
+            TestCase.stop = true;
+            if (suspended) resumeThread(thread);
+            thread.join();
+        }
+        assertTrue(TestCase.initFinished);  // constructor should have run to end
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test that ForceEarlyReturnVoid succeeds with the target thread's top frame is a
+     * method invoked from the constructor after super.
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testForceEarlyReturnPostInit() throws Exception {
+        class TestCase {
+            static volatile boolean initFinished;
+            static volatile boolean postInitStarted;
+            static volatile boolean postInitFinished;
+            static volatile boolean stop;
+            static value class ValueClass {
+                ValueClass() {
+                    super();
+                    postInit();
+                    TestCase.initFinished = true;
+                }
+                void postInit() {
+                    TestCase.postInitStarted = true;
+                    while (!TestCase.stop) {}
+                    TestCase.postInitFinished = true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Thread thread = Thread.ofPlatform().start(TestCase.ValueClass::new);
+        boolean suspended = false;
+        try {
+            // wait for target thread to start executing postInit method
+            while (!TestCase.postInitStarted) {
+                Thread.sleep(10);
+            }
+            assertEquals(JVMTI_ERROR_NONE, suspendThread(thread));
+            assertTopFrame(thread, TestCase.ValueClass.class, "postInit");
+            suspended = true;
+            assertEquals(JVMTI_ERROR_NONE, forceEarlyReturnVoid(thread));
+        } finally {
+            TestCase.stop = true;
+            if (suspended) resumeThread(thread);
+            thread.join();
+        }
+        assertFalse(TestCase.postInitFinished);  // postInit should not have run to the end
+        assertTrue(TestCase.initFinished);       // constructor should have run to end
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test that ForceEarlyReturnVoid succeeds with the target thread's top frame is a
+     * value class method.
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testForceEarlyReturnMethod() throws Exception {
+        class TestCase {
+            static volatile boolean runStarted;
+            static volatile boolean runFinished;
+            static volatile boolean stop;
+            static value class ValueClass {
+                void run() {
+                    TestCase.runStarted = true;
+                    while (!TestCase.stop) {}
+                    TestCase.runFinished = true;  // should not get there
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        var valueObj = new TestCase.ValueClass();
+        Thread thread = Thread.ofPlatform().start(valueObj::run);
+        boolean suspended = false;
+        try {
+            // wait for target thread to start executing method
+            while (!TestCase.runStarted) {
+                Thread.sleep(10);
+            }
+            assertEquals(JVMTI_ERROR_NONE, suspendThread(thread));
+            suspended = true;
+            assertTopFrame(thread, TestCase.ValueClass.class, "run");
+            assertEquals(JVMTI_ERROR_NONE, forceEarlyReturnVoid(thread));
+        } finally {
+            TestCase.stop = true;
+            if (suspended) resumeThread(thread);
+            thread.join();
+        }
+        assertFalse(TestCase.runFinished);  // should not have run to the end
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test that ForceEarlyReturnVoid succeeds with the target thread's top frame is a
+     * value class clinit.
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testForceEarlyReturnClassInitializer() throws Exception {
+        class TestCase {
+            static volatile boolean clinitStarted;
+            static volatile boolean stop;
+            static value class ValueClass {
+                static final boolean initialized;
+                static {
+                    TestCase.clinitStarted = true;
+                    while (!TestCase.stop) {}
+                    initialized = true;  // should not get there
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Thread thread = Thread.ofPlatform().start(TestCase.ValueClass::new);
+        boolean suspended = false;
+        try {
+            // wait for target thread to start executing class initializer
+            while (!TestCase.clinitStarted) {
+                Thread.sleep(10);
+            }
+            assertEquals(JVMTI_ERROR_NONE, suspendThread(thread));
+            suspended = true;
+            assertTopFrame(thread, TestCase.ValueClass.class, "<clinit>");
+            assertEquals(JVMTI_ERROR_NONE, forceEarlyReturnVoid(thread));
+        } finally {
+            TestCase.stop = true;
+            if (suspended) resumeThread(thread);
+            thread.join();
+        }
+        assertFalse(TestCase.ValueClass.initialized);  // should not have run to the end
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given thread's top frame is the expected class/method.
+     */
+    private void assertTopFrame(Thread thread, Class<?> clazz, String methodName) {
+        StackTraceElement[] stack = thread.getStackTrace();
+        assertTrue(stack.length > 0);
+        assertEquals(clazz.getName(), stack[0].getClassName());
+        assertEquals(methodName, stack[0].getMethodName());
+    }
+
+    private static native int suspendThread(Thread thread);
+    private static native int resumeThread(Thread thread);
+    private static native int forceEarlyReturnVoid(Thread thread);
+    private static native int forceEarlyReturnObject(Thread thread, Object retObject);
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/ForceEarlyReturn/libForceEarlyReturnValueClass.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/ForceEarlyReturn/libForceEarlyReturnValueClass.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f160a896e05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/ForceEarlyReturn/libForceEarlyReturnValueClass.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <string.h>
+#include "jni.h"
+#include "jvmti.h"
+
+static jvmtiEnv *jvmti;
+
+extern "C" {
+
+extern JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Agent_OnLoad(JavaVM *jvm, char *options, void *reserved) {
+  jvmtiError err;
+  jvmtiCapabilities caps;
+
+  if (jvm->GetEnv((void **) &jvmti, JVMTI_VERSION) != JNI_OK) {
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+
+  memset(&caps, 0, sizeof(caps));
+  caps.can_suspend = 1;
+  caps.can_force_early_return = 1;
+  err = jvmti->AddCapabilities( &caps);
+  if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+
+  return JNI_OK;
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jint Java_ForceEarlyReturnValueClass_suspendThread(JNIEnv *env, jclass ignore, jthread target) {
+  return (jint) jvmti->SuspendThread(target);
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jint Java_ForceEarlyReturnValueClass_resumeThread(JNIEnv *env, jclass ignore, jthread target) {
+  return (jint) jvmti->ResumeThread(target);
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jint Java_ForceEarlyReturnValueClass_forceEarlyReturnVoid(JNIEnv *env, jclass ignore, jthread target) {
+  return (jint) jvmti->ForceEarlyReturnVoid(target);
+}
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetClassModifiers/GetClassModifiers.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetClassModifiers/GetClassModifiers.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..034bb1cf52f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetClassModifiers/GetClassModifiers.java
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Defines a method to invoke JVMTI GetClassModifiers.
+ */
+
+class GetClassModifiers {
+    private GetClassModifiers() {}
+
+    private static native void init();
+
+    static native int getClassModifiers(Class<?> clazz);
+
+    static {
+        System.loadLibrary("GetClassModifiers");
+        init();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetClassModifiers/GetClassModifiersTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetClassModifiers/GetClassModifiersTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8dfb52bc30d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetClassModifiers/GetClassModifiersTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test JVMTI GetClassModifiers
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @run junit/othervm/native --enable-native-access=ALL-UNNAMED ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
+import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+class GetClassModifiersTest {
+
+    // member classes to test
+
+    public class C1 {}
+    public static class C2 {}
+    public final class C3 {}
+    public static final class C4 {}
+    class C5 {}
+    static class C6 {}
+    final class C7 {}
+    static final class C8 {}
+
+    public abstract class A_C1 {}
+    public static abstract class A_C2 {}
+    abstract class A_C3 {}
+    static abstract class A_C4 {}
+
+    public interface I1 {}
+    interface I2 {}
+
+    public @interface A1 {}
+    @interface A2 {}
+
+    public enum E1 {}
+    enum E2 {}
+
+    public record R1() {}
+    record R2() {}
+
+    static Stream<Class<?>> testClasses() {
+        // local classes
+        class LC {}
+        record LR() {}
+        enum LE {}
+
+        // anonymous class
+        var r = new Runnable() { public void run() {} };
+        Class<?> anonClass = r.getClass();
+
+        return Stream.of(
+                int.class,
+                int[].class,
+                void.class,
+                Object.class,
+                Object[].class,
+                Integer.class,
+                Integer[].class,
+                Void.class,
+                GetClassModifiersTest.class,
+                GetClassModifiersTest[].class,
+                C1.class,
+                C2.class,
+                C3.class,
+                C4.class,
+                C5.class,
+                C6.class,
+                C7.class,
+                C8.class,
+                C1[].class,
+                C2[].class,
+                C3[].class,
+                C4[].class,
+                C5[].class,
+                C6[].class,
+                C7[].class,
+                C8[].class,
+                A_C1.class,
+                A_C2.class,
+                A_C3.class,
+                A_C4.class,
+                A_C1[].class,
+                A_C2[].class,
+                A_C3[].class,
+                A_C4[].class,
+                I1.class,
+                I2.class,
+                I1[].class,
+                I2[].class,
+                A1.class,
+                A2.class,
+                A1[].class,
+                A2[].class,
+                E1.class,
+                E2.class,
+                E1[].class,
+                E2[].class,
+                R1.class,
+                R2.class,
+                R1[].class,
+                R2[].class,
+                LC.class,
+                LR.class,
+                LE.class,
+                LC[].class,
+                LR[].class,
+                LE[].class,
+                anonClass,
+                anonClass.arrayType()
+        );
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Class<?>> primitiveClasses() {
+        return testClasses().filter(Class::isPrimitive);
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Class<?>> arrayClasses() {
+        return testClasses().filter(Class::isArray);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test JVMTI GetClassModifiers implementation. If preview features are enabled then
+     * the JVMTI function should return the same modifiers as Class::getModifiers. If
+     * preview features are disabled then the JVMTI function should preserve long-standing
+     * behavior to return the modifiers with ACC_SUPER set for all calsses except primitive
+     * classes.
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("testClasses")
+    void testClass(Class<?> clazz) throws Exception {
+        int expectedModifiers = clazz.getModifiers();
+        if (!clazz.isPrimitive() && !PreviewFeatures.isEnabled()) {
+            expectedModifiers |= ClassFile.ACC_SUPER;
+        }
+        assertEquals(expectedModifiers, jvmtiGetClassModifiers(clazz));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test modifiers specified by JVMTI GetClassModifiers for primitive classes.
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("primitiveClasses")
+    void testPrimitiveClass(Class<?> clazz) {
+        assertTrue(clazz.isPrimitive());
+        int mods = jvmtiGetClassModifiers(clazz);
+        assertTrue(Modifier.isPublic(mods));
+        assertFalse(Modifier.isPrivate(mods));
+        assertFalse(Modifier.isProtected(mods));
+        assertTrue(Modifier.isAbstract(mods));
+        assertTrue(Modifier.isFinal(mods));
+        assertFalse(Modifier.isInterface(mods));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test modifiers specified by JVMTI GetClassModifiers for array classes.
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("arrayClasses")
+    void testArrayClass(Class<?> clazz) {
+        assertTrue(clazz.isArray());
+        int mods = jvmtiGetClassModifiers(clazz);
+        int componentMods = clazz.getComponentType().getModifiers();
+        assertEquals(Modifier.isPublic(componentMods), Modifier.isPublic(mods));
+        assertEquals(Modifier.isPrivate(componentMods), Modifier.isPrivate(mods));
+        assertEquals(Modifier.isProtected(componentMods), Modifier.isProtected(mods));
+        assertTrue(Modifier.isAbstract(mods));
+        assertTrue(Modifier.isFinal(mods));
+        assertFalse(Modifier.isInterface(mods));
+    }
+
+    private int jvmtiGetClassModifiers(Class<?> clazz) {
+        return GetClassModifiers.getClassModifiers(clazz);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetClassModifiers/GetValueClassModifiersTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetClassModifiers/GetValueClassModifiersTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..60445d75472
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetClassModifiers/GetValueClassModifiersTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test JVMTI GetClassModifiers with value classes
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @run junit/othervm/native --enable-native-access=ALL-UNNAMED ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+class GetValueClassModifiersTest {
+
+    // member classes to test
+
+    public abstract value class A_V1 { }
+    abstract value class A_V2 { }
+    public value class V1 { }
+    value class V2 { }
+    public value record R_V1() { }
+    value record R_V2() { }
+
+    static Stream<Class<?>> testClasses() {
+        // local classes
+        value class L_V { }
+        abstract value class L_A_V { }
+
+        return Stream.of(
+                Integer.class,
+                Integer[].class,
+
+                A_V1.class,
+                A_V1[].class,
+                A_V2.class,
+                A_V2[].class,
+                V1.class,
+                V1[].class,
+                V2.class,
+                V2[].class,
+                R_V1.class,
+                R_V1[].class,
+                R_V2.class,
+                R_V2[].class,
+
+                // local classes
+                L_V.class,
+                L_V[].class,
+                L_A_V.class,
+                L_A_V[].class
+        );
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Class<?>> valueClasses() {
+        return testClasses().filter(Class::isValue);
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Class<?>> arrayClasses() {
+        return testClasses().filter(Class::isArray);
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("valueClasses")
+    void testValueClass(Class<?> clazz) {
+        assertTrue(clazz.isValue());
+        int mods = jvmtiGetClassModifiers(clazz);
+        assertEquals(0, (mods & ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY), "ACC_IDENTITY set");
+        assertEquals(clazz.getModifiers(), jvmtiGetClassModifiers(clazz));
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("arrayClasses")
+    void testArrayClass(Class<?> clazz) {
+        assertTrue(clazz.isArray());
+        int mods = jvmtiGetClassModifiers(clazz);
+        assertEquals(ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY, (mods & ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY), "ACC_IDENTITY not set");
+        assertEquals(clazz.getModifiers(), jvmtiGetClassModifiers(clazz));
+    }
+
+    private int jvmtiGetClassModifiers(Class<?> clazz) {
+        return GetClassModifiers.getClassModifiers(clazz);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetClassModifiers/libGetClassModifiers.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetClassModifiers/libGetClassModifiers.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0c017b9cf88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/GetClassModifiers/libGetClassModifiers.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include "jni.h"
+#include "jvmti.h"
+
+extern "C" {
+
+static jvmtiEnv *jvmti;
+
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_GetClassModifiers_init(JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz) {
+  JavaVM* vm;
+  jint res;
+  res = env->GetJavaVM(&vm);
+  if (res != 0) {
+    env->FatalError("GetJavaVM failed");
+  } else {
+    res = vm->GetEnv((void**)&jvmti, JVMTI_VERSION);
+    if (res != JNI_OK) {
+      env->FatalError("GetEnv failed");
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_GetClassModifiers_getClassModifiers(JNIEnv *env, jclass ignore, jclass target) {
+  jvmtiError err;
+  jint modifiers;
+  err = jvmti->GetClassModifiers(target, &modifiers);
+  if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+    env->FatalError("GetClassModifiers failed");
+  }
+  return modifiers;
+}
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/RedefineClasses/RedefineLeakThrowableValue.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/RedefineClasses/RedefineLeakThrowableValue.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..291ce971f54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/RedefineClasses/RedefineLeakThrowableValue.java
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8336829
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @summary Test that redefinition of a value class containing Throwable refs does not leak constant pool
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @modules java.instrument
+ *          java.compiler
+ * @run main RedefineClassHelper
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=6000 --enable-preview -Xlog:class+load,gc+metaspace+freelist+oom:rt.log -javaagent:redefineagent.jar -XX:MetaspaceSize=23m -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=23m RedefineLeakThrowableValue
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.compiler.InMemoryJavaCompiler;
+
+value class Tester {
+    void test() {
+        try {
+            int i = 42;
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            t.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+public class RedefineLeakThrowableValue {
+
+    static final String NEW_TESTER =
+        "value class Tester {" +
+        "   void test() {" +
+        "        try {" +
+        "            int i = 42;" +
+        "        } catch (Throwable t) {" +
+        "            t.printStackTrace();" +
+        "        }" +
+        "    }" +
+        "}";
+
+
+    public static void main(String argv[]) throws Exception {
+        String java_version = System.getProperty("java.specification.version");
+        // Load InMemoryJavaCompiler outside the redefinition loop to prevent random lambdas that load and fill up metaspace.
+        byte[] bytecodes = InMemoryJavaCompiler.compile("Tester", NEW_TESTER,
+                                                        "-source", java_version, "--enable-preview",
+                                                        "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED");
+        for (int i = 0; i < 700; i++) {
+            RedefineClassHelper.redefineClass(Tester.class, bytecodes);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/FieldAccessModify/FieldAccessModify.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/FieldAccessModify/FieldAccessModify.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9ae3037774a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/FieldAccessModify/FieldAccessModify.java
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @summary Tests that all FieldAccess and FieldModification notifications
+            are generated for value classes.
+ * @requires vm.jvmti
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm/native -agentlib:FieldAccessModify FieldAccessModify
+ */
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+public class FieldAccessModify {
+
+    private static final String agentLib = "FieldAccessModify";
+
+    private static value class ValueClass {
+        public int valueClass_fld1;
+        public int valueClass_fld2;
+
+        public ValueClass(int v1, int v2) { valueClass_fld1 = v1; valueClass_fld2 = v2; }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "ValueClass { fld1=" + valueClass_fld1 + ", fld2=" + valueClass_fld2 + "}";
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private static class InstanceHolder {
+        public final ValueClass instanceHolder_fld1;
+
+        public InstanceHolder(int v) {
+            instanceHolder_fld1 = new ValueClass(v, v + 100);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "InstanceHolder { fld1 is " + instanceHolder_fld1 + "}";
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static value class ValueHolder {
+        public ValueClass valueHolder_fld1;
+
+        public ValueHolder(int v) {
+            valueHolder_fld1 = new ValueClass(v, v + 200);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "ValueHolder { fld1 is " + valueHolder_fld1 + "}";
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static class TestHolder {
+        public ValueClass valueObj = new ValueClass(1, 1);
+        public InstanceHolder instanceHolderObj = new InstanceHolder(1);
+        public ValueHolder valueHolderObj = new ValueHolder(1);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        try {
+            System.loadLibrary(agentLib);
+        } catch (UnsatisfiedLinkError ex) {
+            System.err.println("Failed to load " + agentLib + " lib");
+            System.err.println("java.library.path: " + System.getProperty("java.library.path"));
+            throw ex;
+        }
+
+        // create objects for access testing before setting watchers
+        TestHolder testHolder = new TestHolder();
+
+        if (!initWatchers(ValueClass.class, ValueClass.class.getDeclaredField("valueClass_fld1"))) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Watcher initialization error (valueClass_fld1)");
+        }
+        if (!initWatchers(ValueClass.class, ValueClass.class.getDeclaredField("valueClass_fld2"))) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Watcher initialization error (valueClass_fld2)");
+        }
+        if (!initWatchers(InstanceHolder.class, InstanceHolder.class.getDeclaredField("instanceHolder_fld1"))) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Watcher initialization error (instanceHolder_fld1)");
+        }
+        if (!initWatchers(ValueHolder.class, ValueHolder.class.getDeclaredField("valueHolder_fld1"))) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Watcher initialization error (valueHolder_fld1)");
+        }
+
+        test("ValueClass (access)", () -> {
+                testHolder.valueObj.toString();     // should access both valueClass_fld1 and valueClass_fld2
+            }, new TestResult() {
+                public boolean valueClass_fld1_access;
+                public boolean valueClass_fld2_access;
+            });
+
+        test("InstanceHolder (access)", () ->  {
+                testHolder.instanceHolderObj.toString();
+            }, new TestResult() {
+                public boolean instanceHolder_fld1_access;
+                // ValueClass fields should be accessed too
+                public boolean valueClass_fld1_access;
+                public boolean valueClass_fld2_access;
+            });
+
+        test("ValueHolder (access)", () ->  {
+                testHolder.valueHolderObj.toString();
+            }, new TestResult() {
+                public boolean valueHolder_fld1_access;
+                // ValueClass fields should be accessed too
+                public boolean valueClass_fld1_access;
+                public boolean valueClass_fld2_access;
+            });
+
+        test("ValueClass (modify)", () ->  {
+                ValueClass obj = new ValueClass(1, 1);
+            }, new TestResult() {
+                public boolean valueClass_fld1_modify;
+                public boolean valueClass_fld2_modify;
+            });
+
+        test("InstanceHolder (modify)", () ->  {
+                InstanceHolder obj = new InstanceHolder(10);
+            }, new TestResult() {
+                public boolean instanceHolder_fld1_modify;
+                // ValueClass fields should be modified too
+                boolean valueClass_fld1_modify;
+                public boolean valueClass_fld2_modify;
+            });
+
+        test("ValueHolder (modify)", () ->  {
+                ValueHolder obj = new ValueHolder(11);
+            }, new TestResult() {
+                public boolean valueHolder_fld1_modify;
+                // ValueClass fields should be modified too
+                public boolean valueClass_fld1_modify;
+                public boolean valueClass_fld2_modify;
+            });
+
+    }
+
+    private static void log(String msg) {
+        System.out.println(msg);
+        System.out.flush();
+    }
+
+    private static void assertTrue(boolean value) {
+        if (!value) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("assert");
+        }
+    }
+
+    // For every access/modify notification native part tries to locate
+    // boolean "<field_name>_access"/"<field_name>_modify" field and sets it to true
+    private static class TestResult {
+
+        // verify that all fields are set to true
+        public void verify() {
+            Arrays.stream(this.getClass().getDeclaredFields()).forEach(f -> verify(f));
+        }
+
+        private void verify(Field f) {
+            try {
+                if (!f.getBoolean(this)) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException(f.getName() + " notification is missed");
+                }
+                log("  - " + f.getName() + ": OK");
+            } catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
+                throw new RuntimeException(ex);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @FunctionalInterface
+    private interface TestAction {
+        void apply();
+    }
+
+    private static void test(String descr, TestAction action, TestResult result) throws Exception {
+        log(descr + ": starting");
+        if (!startTest(result)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("startTest failed");
+        }
+        action.apply();
+        // wait some time to ensure all posted events are handled
+        Thread.sleep(500);
+
+        stopTest();
+
+        // check the results
+        result.verify();
+
+        log(descr + ": OK");
+        log("");
+    }
+
+    private static native boolean initWatchers(Class cls, Field field);
+    private static native boolean startTest(TestResult results);
+    private static native void stopTest();
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/FieldAccessModify/libFieldAccessModify.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/FieldAccessModify/libFieldAccessModify.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cc07e5697d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/FieldAccessModify/libFieldAccessModify.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include "jvmti.h"
+#include "jni.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+
+static jvmtiEnv *jvmti = nullptr;
+
+// valid while a test is executed
+static jobject testResultObject = nullptr;
+static jclass testResultClass = nullptr;
+// we log object values handling FieldModification event and this cause FieldAccess events are triggered.
+// The flag to disable FieldAccess handling.
+static bool disableAccessEvent = false;
+
+static void reportError(const char *msg, int err) {
+    printf("%s, error: %d\n", msg, err);
+}
+
+static void printJValue(const char *prefix, JNIEnv *jni_env, char signature_type, jvalue value) {
+    // print new_value to ensure the value is valid
+    // use String.valueOf(...) to get string representation
+    /*
+    Z boolean
+    B byte
+    C char
+    S short
+    I int
+    J long
+    F float
+    D double
+    L fully-qualified-class ;   fully-qualified-class
+    [ type                      type[]
+    */
+    char signature[64] = {};
+    if (signature_type == 'Q' || signature_type == 'L') {
+        snprintf(signature, sizeof(signature), "(Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/String;");
+    } else {
+        snprintf(signature, sizeof(signature), "(%c)Ljava/lang/String;", signature_type);
+    }
+
+    jclass clsString = jni_env->FindClass("java/lang/String");
+    jmethodID mid = jni_env->GetStaticMethodID(clsString, "valueOf", signature);
+    jstring objJStr = (jstring)jni_env->CallStaticObjectMethodA(clsString, mid, &value);
+
+    const char* objStr = "UNKNOWN";
+    if (objJStr != nullptr) {
+        objStr = jni_env->GetStringUTFChars(objJStr, nullptr);
+    }
+
+    printf("    %s is: '%s'\n", prefix, objStr);
+    fflush(0);
+
+    if (objJStr != nullptr) {
+        jni_env->ReleaseStringUTFChars(objJStr, objStr);
+    }
+}
+
+
+// logs the notification and updates currentTestResult
+static void handleNotification(jvmtiEnv *jvmti, JNIEnv *jni_env,
+    jmethodID method,
+    jobject object,
+    jfieldID field,
+    jclass field_klass,
+    bool modified,
+    jlocation location)
+{
+    jvmtiError err;
+    char *name = nullptr;
+    char *signature = nullptr;
+    char *mname = nullptr;
+    char *mgensig = nullptr;
+    jclass methodClass = nullptr;
+    char *csig = nullptr;
+
+    if (testResultObject == nullptr) {
+        // we are out of test
+        return;
+    }
+
+    err = jvmti->GetFieldName(field_klass, field, &name, &signature, nullptr);
+    if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+        reportError("GetFieldName failed", err);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    err = jvmti->GetMethodName(method, &mname, nullptr, &mgensig);
+    if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+        reportError("GetMethodName failed", err);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    err = jvmti->GetMethodDeclaringClass(method, &methodClass);
+    if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+        reportError("GetMethodDeclaringClass failed", err);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    err = jvmti->GetClassSignature(methodClass, &csig, nullptr);
+    if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+        reportError("GetClassSignature failed", err);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    printf("  \"class: %s method: %s%s\" %s field: \"%s\" (type '%s'), location: %d\n",
+        csig, mname, mgensig, modified ? "modified" : "accessed", name, signature, (int)location);
+
+    // For FieldModification event print current value.
+    // Note: this will cause FieldAccess event.
+    if (modified) {
+        jvalue curValue = {};
+        switch (signature[0]) {
+        case 'L':
+        case 'Q':
+            curValue.l = jni_env->GetObjectField(object, field); break;
+        case 'Z':   // boolean
+            curValue.z = jni_env->GetBooleanField(object, field); break;
+        case 'B':   // byte
+            curValue.b = jni_env->GetByteField(object, field); break;
+        case 'C':   // char
+            curValue.c = jni_env->GetCharField(object, field); break;
+        case 'S':   // short
+            curValue.s = jni_env->GetShortField(object, field); break;
+        case 'I':   // int
+            curValue.i = jni_env->GetIntField(object, field); break;
+        case 'J':   // long
+            curValue.j = jni_env->GetLongField(object, field); break;
+        case 'F':   // float
+            curValue.f = jni_env->GetFloatField(object, field); break;
+        case 'D':   // double
+            curValue.d = jni_env->GetDoubleField(object, field); break;
+        default:
+            printf("ERROR: unexpected signature: %s\n", signature);
+            return;
+        }
+        printJValue("current value: ", jni_env, signature[0], curValue);
+    }
+
+    // set TestResult
+    if (testResultObject != nullptr && testResultClass != nullptr) {
+        jfieldID fieldID;
+        // field names in TestResult are "<field_name>_access"/"<field_name>_modify"
+        char *fieldName = (char *)malloc(strlen(name) + 16);
+        strcpy(fieldName, name);
+        strcat(fieldName, modified ? "_modify" : "_access");
+
+        fieldID = jni_env->GetFieldID(testResultClass, fieldName, "Z");
+        if (fieldID != nullptr) {
+            jni_env->SetBooleanField(testResultObject, fieldID, JNI_TRUE);
+        } else {
+            // the field is not interesting for the test
+        }
+        // clear any possible exception
+        jni_env->ExceptionClear();
+
+        free(fieldName);
+    }
+
+    jvmti->Deallocate((unsigned char*)csig);
+    jvmti->Deallocate((unsigned char*)mname);
+    jvmti->Deallocate((unsigned char*)mgensig);
+    jvmti->Deallocate((unsigned char*)name);
+    jvmti->Deallocate((unsigned char*)signature);
+}
+
+static void JNICALL
+onFieldAccess(jvmtiEnv *jvmti_env,
+            JNIEnv* jni_env,
+            jthread thread,
+            jmethodID method,
+            jlocation location,
+            jclass field_klass,
+            jobject object,
+            jfieldID field)
+{
+    if (disableAccessEvent) {
+        return;
+    }
+    handleNotification(jvmti_env, jni_env, method, object, field, field_klass, false, location);
+}
+
+static void JNICALL
+onFieldModification(jvmtiEnv *jvmti_env,
+            JNIEnv* jni_env,
+            jthread thread,
+            jmethodID method,
+            jlocation location,
+            jclass field_klass,
+            jobject object,
+            jfieldID field,
+            char signature_type,
+            jvalue new_value)
+{
+    disableAccessEvent = true;
+
+    handleNotification(jvmti_env, jni_env, method, object, field, field_klass, true, location);
+
+    printJValue("new value", jni_env, signature_type, new_value);
+
+    disableAccessEvent = false;
+}
+
+
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Agent_OnLoad(JavaVM *jvm, char *options, void *reserved)
+{
+    jvmtiError err;
+    jvmtiCapabilities caps = {};
+    jvmtiEventCallbacks callbacks = {};
+    jint res = jvm->GetEnv((void **) &jvmti, JVMTI_VERSION_1_1);
+    if (res != JNI_OK || jvmti == nullptr) {
+        reportError("GetEnv failed", res);
+        return JNI_ERR;
+    }
+
+    caps.can_generate_field_modification_events = 1;
+    caps.can_generate_field_access_events = 1;
+    caps.can_tag_objects = 1;
+    err = jvmti->AddCapabilities(&caps);
+    if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+        reportError("Failed to set capabilities", err);
+        return JNI_ERR;
+    }
+
+    callbacks.FieldModification = &onFieldModification;
+    callbacks.FieldAccess = &onFieldAccess;
+
+    err = jvmti->SetEventCallbacks(&callbacks, sizeof(callbacks));
+    if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+        reportError("Failed to set event callbacks", err);
+        return JNI_ERR;
+    }
+
+    err = jvmti->SetEventNotificationMode(JVMTI_ENABLE, JVMTI_EVENT_FIELD_ACCESS, nullptr);
+    if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+        reportError("Failed to set access notifications", err);
+        return JNI_ERR;
+    }
+
+    err = jvmti->SetEventNotificationMode(JVMTI_ENABLE, JVMTI_EVENT_FIELD_MODIFICATION, nullptr);
+    if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+        reportError("Failed to set modification notifications", err);
+        return JNI_ERR;
+    }
+    setbuf(stdout, nullptr);
+    return JNI_OK;
+}
+
+
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
+Java_FieldAccessModify_initWatchers(JNIEnv *env, jclass thisClass, jclass cls, jobject field)
+{
+    jfieldID fieldId;
+    jvmtiError err;
+
+    if (jvmti == nullptr) {
+        reportError("jvmti is nullptr", 0);
+        return JNI_FALSE;
+    }
+
+    fieldId = env->FromReflectedField(field);
+
+    err = jvmti->SetFieldModificationWatch(cls, fieldId);
+    if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+        reportError("SetFieldModificationWatch failed", err);
+        return JNI_FALSE;
+    }
+
+    err = jvmti->SetFieldAccessWatch(cls, fieldId);
+    if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+        reportError("SetFieldAccessWatch failed", err);
+        return JNI_FALSE;
+    }
+
+    return JNI_TRUE;
+}
+
+
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
+Java_FieldAccessModify_startTest(JNIEnv *env, jclass thisClass, jobject testResults)
+{
+    testResultObject = env->NewGlobalRef(testResults);
+    testResultClass = (jclass)env->NewGlobalRef(env->GetObjectClass(testResultObject));
+
+    return JNI_TRUE;
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+Java_FieldAccessModify_stopTest(JNIEnv *env, jclass thisClass)
+{
+    if (testResultObject != nullptr) {
+        env->DeleteGlobalRef(testResultObject);
+        testResultObject = nullptr;
+    }
+    if (testResultClass != nullptr) {
+        env->DeleteGlobalRef(testResultClass);
+        testResultClass = nullptr;
+    }
+}
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/ForceEarlyReturn/ValueForceEarlyReturn.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/ForceEarlyReturn/ValueForceEarlyReturn.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..353e08167c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/ForceEarlyReturn/ValueForceEarlyReturn.java
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @summary Sanity test for ForceEarlyReturn with value classes.
+ * @requires vm.jvmti
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm/native -agentlib:ValueForceEarlyReturn ValueForceEarlyReturn
+ */
+
+import java.util.Objects;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+public class ValueForceEarlyReturn {
+
+    private static final String agentLib = "ValueForceEarlyReturn";
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    private static value class ValueClass {
+        public int f1;
+        public int f2;
+
+        public ValueClass(int v1, int v2) { f1 = v1; f2 = v2; }
+    }
+
+    private static value class ValueHolder {
+        public ValueClass f1;
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueClass f2;
+
+        public static ValueClass s1 = new ValueClass(0, 1);
+
+        public ValueHolder(int v) {
+            f1 = new ValueClass(v, v + 100);
+            f2 = new ValueClass(v + 1, v + 200);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        try {
+            System.loadLibrary(agentLib);
+        } catch (UnsatisfiedLinkError ex) {
+            System.err.println("Failed to load " + agentLib + " lib");
+            System.err.println("java.library.path: " + System.getProperty("java.library.path"));
+            throw ex;
+        }
+
+        ValueClass testObj1 = new ValueClass(4, 5);
+        ValueHolder testObj2 = new ValueHolder(6);
+
+        testForceEarlyReturn(testObj1);
+        testForceEarlyReturn(testObj2);
+    }
+
+    private static void testForceEarlyReturn(Object retObject) throws Exception {
+        String className = retObject.getClass().getName();
+        log(">> Testing ForceEarlyReturn for " + className);
+
+        TestTask task = new TestTask();
+        Thread thread = new Thread(task, "testThread");
+        thread.start();
+
+        task.ensureReady();
+
+        nSuspendThread(thread);
+        nForceEarlyReturn(thread, retObject);
+        nResumeThread(thread);
+
+        task.finish();
+        thread.join();
+
+        Object result = task.getResult();
+
+        if (!Objects.equals(result, retObject)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("ERROR: unexpected result (" + result + ", expected " + retObject + ")");
+        }
+        log("<< Testing " + className + " - OK");
+        log("");
+    }
+
+    private static class TestTask implements Runnable {
+
+        private volatile boolean ready = false;
+        private volatile boolean doLoop = true;
+        private volatile Object result = null;
+
+        private static void sleep(long millis) {
+            try {
+                Thread.sleep(millis);
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Interruption in TestTask.sleep: " + e);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void ensureReady() {
+            while (!ready) {
+                sleep(1);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void finish() {
+            doLoop = false;
+        }
+
+        public Object getResult() {
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        public void run() {
+            result = meth();
+        }
+
+        // Method is busy in a while loop.
+        private Object meth() {
+            ready = true;
+            while (doLoop) {
+            }
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void log(String msg) {
+        System.out.println(msg);
+    }
+
+    static native void nSuspendThread(Thread thread);
+    static native void nResumeThread(Thread thread);
+    static native void nForceEarlyReturn(Thread thread, Object obj);
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/ForceEarlyReturn/libValueForceEarlyReturn.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/ForceEarlyReturn/libValueForceEarlyReturn.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cd0022544fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/ForceEarlyReturn/libValueForceEarlyReturn.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "jvmti.h"
+#include "jni.h"
+#include "jvmti_common.hpp"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+static jvmtiEnv *jvmti = nullptr;
+
+
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Agent_OnLoad(JavaVM *jvm, char *options, void *reserved) {
+  jint res = jvm->GetEnv((void **) &jvmti, JVMTI_VERSION_1_1);
+  if (res != JNI_OK || jvmti == nullptr) {
+    LOG("GetEnv failed, res = %d", (int)res);
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+
+  jvmtiCapabilities caps;
+  memset(&caps, 0, sizeof(caps));
+  caps.can_suspend = 1;
+  caps.can_force_early_return = 1;
+  jvmtiError err = jvmti->AddCapabilities(&caps);
+  if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+    LOG("AddCapabilities failed: %s (%d)\n", TranslateError(err), err);
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+
+  return JNI_OK;
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+Java_ValueForceEarlyReturn_nSuspendThread(JNIEnv *jni, jclass thisClass, jthread thread) {
+  suspend_thread(jvmti, jni, thread);
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+Java_ValueForceEarlyReturn_nResumeThread(JNIEnv *jni, jclass thisClass, jthread thread) {
+  resume_thread(jvmti, jni, thread);
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+Java_ValueForceEarlyReturn_nForceEarlyReturn(JNIEnv *jni, jclass thisClass, jthread thread, jobject obj) {
+  check_jvmti_error(jvmti->ForceEarlyReturnObject(thread, obj), "ForceEarlyReturnObject");
+}
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetClassFields/ValueGetClassFields.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetClassFields/ValueGetClassFields.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..36db9cfb651
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetClassFields/ValueGetClassFields.java
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @summary Sanity test for GetClassFields with value classes.
+ * @requires vm.jvmti
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm/native -agentlib:ValueGetClassFields ValueGetClassFields
+ */
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+public class ValueGetClassFields {
+
+    private static final String agentLib = "ValueGetClassFields";
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    private static value class ValueClass {
+        public int f1;
+        public int f2;
+
+        public ValueClass(int v1, int v2) { f1 = v1; f2 = v2; }
+    }
+
+    private static value class ValueHolder {
+        public ValueClass f1;
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueClass f2;
+
+        public static ValueClass s1 = new ValueClass(0, 1);
+
+        public ValueHolder(int v) {
+            f1 = new ValueClass(v, v + 100);
+            f2 = new ValueClass(v + 1, v + 200);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        try {
+            System.loadLibrary(agentLib);
+        } catch (UnsatisfiedLinkError ex) {
+            System.err.println("Failed to load " + agentLib + " lib");
+            System.err.println("java.library.path: " + System.getProperty("java.library.path"));
+            throw ex;
+        }
+
+        testGetClassFields(ValueClass.class, 2);
+        testGetClassFields(ValueHolder.class, 3);
+    }
+
+    private static void testGetClassFields(Class cls, int fieldNum) throws Exception {
+        String className = cls.getName();
+        // Ensure the class is prepared.
+        cls = Class.forName(className);
+        log(">> Testing GetClassFields for " + className);
+        if (!nTestGetClassFields(cls, fieldNum)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("ERROR: " + className);
+        }
+        log("<< Testing " + className + " - OK");
+        log("");
+    }
+
+    private static void log(String msg) {
+        System.out.println(msg);
+    }
+
+    private static native boolean nTestGetClassFields(Class cls, int fieldNum);
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetClassFields/libValueGetClassFields.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetClassFields/libValueGetClassFields.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..79e1cd513a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetClassFields/libValueGetClassFields.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "jvmti.h"
+#include "jni.h"
+#include "jvmti_common.hpp"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+static jvmtiEnv *jvmti = nullptr;
+
+
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Agent_OnLoad(JavaVM *jvm, char *options, void *reserved) {
+  jint res = jvm->GetEnv((void **) &jvmti, JVMTI_VERSION_1_1);
+  if (res != JNI_OK || jvmti == nullptr) {
+    LOG("GetEnv failed, res = %d", (int)res);
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+  return JNI_OK;
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
+Java_ValueGetClassFields_nTestGetClassFields(JNIEnv *jni, jclass thisClass, jclass cls, jint fieldNum) {
+  bool result = true;
+  jint field_count;
+  jfieldID* fields = nullptr;
+  check_jvmti_error(jvmti->GetClassFields(cls, &field_count, &fields), "GetClassFields");
+
+  if (field_count != fieldNum) {
+    LOG("ERROR: GetClassFields returned unexpected field count: %d (expected %d)\n", (int)field_count, (int)fieldNum);
+    result = false;
+  } else {
+    // Use GetFieldName to verify correctness of the returned fields.
+    for (jint i = 0; i < field_count; i++) {
+      char *name = nullptr;
+      char *signature = nullptr;
+
+      check_jvmti_error(jvmti->GetFieldName(cls, fields[i], &name, &signature, nullptr), "GetFieldName");
+
+      LOG(" - field %s, sig = %s\n", name, signature);
+      jvmti->Deallocate((unsigned char *)name);
+      jvmti->Deallocate((unsigned char *)signature);
+    }
+  }
+
+  jvmti->Deallocate((unsigned char *)fields);
+  return result ? JNI_TRUE : JNI_FALSE;
+}
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetCtorLocal/ValueGetCtorLocal.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetCtorLocal/ValueGetCtorLocal.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..535783a4f9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetCtorLocal/ValueGetCtorLocal.java
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @summary Sanity tests for GetLocalObject/GetLocalInstance with value classes.
+ * @requires vm.jvmti
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm/native -agentlib:ValueGetCtorLocal ValueGetCtorLocal
+ */
+
+import java.util.Objects;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+public class ValueGetCtorLocal {
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    private static value class ValueClass {
+        public int f1;
+        public int f2;
+
+        public ValueClass(int v1, int v2) { f1 = v1; f2 = v2; }
+    }
+
+    private static value class ValueHolder {
+        public ValueClass f1;
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueClass f2;
+
+        public static ValueClass s1 = new ValueClass(0, 1);
+
+        public ValueHolder(int v) {
+            f1 = new ValueClass(v, v + 100);
+            testCtorThis(Thread.currentThread());
+            f2 = new ValueClass(v + 1, v + 200);
+            testCtorThis(Thread.currentThread());
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        ValueClass testObj1 = new ValueClass(7, 8);
+        ValueHolder testObj2 = new ValueHolder(9);
+    }
+
+    private static native void testCtorThis(Thread thread);
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetCtorLocal/libValueGetCtorLocal.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetCtorLocal/libValueGetCtorLocal.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b1ac4fee5e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetCtorLocal/libValueGetCtorLocal.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "jvmti.h"
+#include "jni.h"
+#include "jvmti_common.hpp"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+static jvmtiEnv *jvmti = nullptr;
+static jobject cached_this = nullptr;
+
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Agent_OnLoad(JavaVM *jvm, char *options, void *reserved) {
+  jint res = jvm->GetEnv((void **) &jvmti, JVMTI_VERSION_1_1);
+  if (res != JNI_OK || jvmti == nullptr) {
+    LOG("GetEnv failed, res = %d", (int)res);
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+
+  jvmtiCapabilities caps;
+  memset(&caps, 0, sizeof(caps));
+  caps.can_access_local_variables = 1;
+  jvmtiError err = jvmti->AddCapabilities(&caps);
+  if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+    LOG("AddCapabilities failed: %s (%d)\n", TranslateError(err), err);
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+
+  return JNI_OK;
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+Java_ValueGetCtorLocal_testCtorThis(JNIEnv *jni, jclass thisClass, jthread thread) {
+  const jint depth = 1;
+
+  jmethodID method = get_frame_method(jvmti, jni, thread, depth);
+  char* mname = get_method_name(jvmti, jni, method);
+
+  LOG("\ntestCtorThis: frame method: %s\n", mname);
+  jobject obj0 = get_local_object(jvmti, jni, thread, depth, 0);
+  jobject obj_this = get_local_instance(jvmti, jni, thread, depth);
+
+  // obj0 is expected to be equal to "this"
+  jboolean is_equal = jni->IsSameObject(obj0, obj_this);
+  LOG("testCtorThis: obj0: %p obj_this: %p objects are equal: %d\n",
+      (void*)obj0, (void*)obj_this, is_equal);
+
+  if (!is_equal) {
+    fatal(jni, "Failed: obj0 != obj_this\n");
+  }
+  if (cached_this == nullptr) { // first call to testCtorThis
+    cached_this = jni->NewGlobalRef(obj_this);
+  } else {
+    // cached_this must be a snapshot that does not mutate
+    // when the ctor changes field values
+    if (jni->IsSameObject(cached_this, obj_this)) {
+      fatal(jni, "Failed: unexpected: cached_this == obj_this\n");
+    }
+  }
+  deallocate(jvmti, jni, (void*)mname);
+}
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetObjectHashCode/ValueGetObjectHashCodeTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetObjectHashCode/ValueGetObjectHashCodeTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..358329fdbf9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetObjectHashCode/ValueGetObjectHashCodeTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8348743
+ * @summary Tests ValueGetObjectHashCodeTest functionality for value objects.
+ * @requires vm.jvmti
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm/native -agentlib:ValueGetObjectHashCodeTest
+ *                          -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+PrintInlineLayout
+ *                          ValueGetObjectHashCodeTest
+ */
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+public class ValueGetObjectHashCodeTest {
+
+    private static value class ValueClass {
+        public int f1;
+        public ValueClass(int v1) { f1 = v1; }
+        public String toString() {
+            return "value(" + String.valueOf(f1) + ")";
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static value class ValueHolder {
+        public ValueClass f1;
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueClass f2;
+
+        public ValueHolder(int v1, int v2) {
+            f1 = new ValueClass(v1);
+            f2 = new ValueClass(v2);
+        }
+        public String toString() {
+            return "holder{" + f1 + ", " + f2 + "}";
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static native int getHash0(Object object);
+
+    private static int getHash(Object object) {
+        int hash = getHash0(object);
+        System.out.println("hash (" + object + "): " + hash);
+        return hash;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        System.loadLibrary("ValueGetObjectHashCodeTest");
+        ValueClass v1 = new ValueClass(8);
+        ValueHolder h1 = new ValueHolder(8, 8);
+
+        // expect the same hash code for equal value objects
+        int hash1 = getHash(v1);
+        int hash2 = getHash(h1.f1);
+        int hash3 = getHash(h1.f2);
+
+        if (hash1 != hash2 || hash2 != hash3) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Hash should be equal");
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetObjectHashCode/libValueGetObjectHashCodeTest.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetObjectHashCode/libValueGetObjectHashCodeTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a3dfe70abc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetObjectHashCode/libValueGetObjectHashCodeTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <jvmti.h>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <cstring>
+
+namespace {
+jvmtiEnv *jvmti = nullptr;
+
+void checkJvmti(int code, const char* message) {
+  if (code != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+    printf("Error %s: %d\n", message, code);
+    abort();
+  }
+}
+
+}
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_ValueGetObjectHashCodeTest_getHash0(JNIEnv* jni_env, jclass clazz, jobject object) {
+  jint hash = 0;
+  jvmtiError err = jvmti->GetObjectHashCode(object, &hash);
+  checkJvmti(err, "GetObjectHashCode failed");
+  return hash;
+}
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Agent_OnLoad(JavaVM *vm, char *options, void *reserved) {
+  if (vm->GetEnv(reinterpret_cast<void **>(&jvmti), JVMTI_VERSION) != JNI_OK || !jvmti) {
+    printf("Could not initialize JVMTI\n");
+    abort();
+  }
+  return JVMTI_ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetObjectMonitorUsage/ValueGetObjectMonitorUsage.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetObjectMonitorUsage/ValueGetObjectMonitorUsage.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..85e1e1122a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetObjectMonitorUsage/ValueGetObjectMonitorUsage.java
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @summary Sanity test for GetObjectMonitorUsage with value classes.
+ * @requires vm.jvmti
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm/native -agentlib:ValueGetObjectMonitorUsage ValueGetObjectMonitorUsage
+ */
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+public class ValueGetObjectMonitorUsage {
+
+    private static final String agentLib = "ValueGetObjectMonitorUsage";
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    private static value class ValueClass {
+        public int f1;
+        public int f2;
+
+        public ValueClass(int v1, int v2) { f1 = v1; f2 = v2; }
+    }
+
+    private static value class ValueHolder {
+        public ValueClass f1;
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueClass f2;
+
+        public static ValueClass s1 = new ValueClass(0, 1);
+
+        public ValueHolder(int v) {
+            f1 = new ValueClass(v, v + 100);
+            f2 = new ValueClass(v + 1, v + 200);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        try {
+            System.loadLibrary(agentLib);
+        } catch (UnsatisfiedLinkError ex) {
+            System.err.println("Failed to load " + agentLib + " lib");
+            System.err.println("java.library.path: " + System.getProperty("java.library.path"));
+            throw ex;
+        }
+
+        ValueClass testObj1 = new ValueClass(4, 5);
+        ValueHolder testObj2 = new ValueHolder(6);
+
+        testGetObjectMonitorUsage(testObj1);
+        testGetObjectMonitorUsage(testObj2);
+    }
+
+    private static void testGetObjectMonitorUsage(Object testObj) {
+        String className = testObj.getClass().getName();
+        log(">> Testing GetObjectMonitorUsage for " + className);
+        if (!nTestGetObjectMonitorUsage(testObj)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("ERROR: " + className);
+        }
+        log("<< Testing " + className + " - OK");
+        log("");
+    }
+
+    private static void log(String msg) {
+        System.out.println(msg);
+    }
+
+    private static native boolean nTestGetObjectMonitorUsage(Object obj);
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetObjectMonitorUsage/libValueGetObjectMonitorUsage.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetObjectMonitorUsage/libValueGetObjectMonitorUsage.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fcce3bfbba5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetObjectMonitorUsage/libValueGetObjectMonitorUsage.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "jvmti.h"
+#include "jni.h"
+#include "jvmti_common.hpp"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+static jvmtiEnv *jvmti = nullptr;
+
+
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Agent_OnLoad(JavaVM *jvm, char *options, void *reserved) {
+  jint res = jvm->GetEnv((void **) &jvmti, JVMTI_VERSION_1_1);
+  if (res != JNI_OK || jvmti == nullptr) {
+    LOG("GetEnv failed, res = %d", (int)res);
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+
+  jvmtiCapabilities caps;
+  memset(&caps, 0, sizeof(caps));
+  caps.can_get_monitor_info = 1;
+  jvmtiError err = jvmti->AddCapabilities(&caps);
+  if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+    LOG("AddCapabilities failed: %s (%d)\n", TranslateError(err), err);
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+
+  return JNI_OK;
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
+Java_ValueGetObjectMonitorUsage_nTestGetObjectMonitorUsage(JNIEnv *jni, jclass thisClass, jobject obj) {
+  bool result = true;
+  jvmtiMonitorUsage info;
+  memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
+  check_jvmti_error(jvmti->GetObjectMonitorUsage(obj, &info), "GetObjectMonitorUsage");
+
+  if (info.owner != nullptr) {
+    LOG("ERROR: owner is not nullptr\n");
+    result = false;
+  }
+  if (info.waiters != nullptr) {
+    LOG("ERROR: waiters is not nullptr\n");
+    result = false;
+  }
+  if (info.notify_waiters != nullptr) {
+    LOG("ERROR: notify_waiters is not nullptr\n");
+    result = false;
+  }
+  if (info.entry_count != 0) {
+    LOG("ERROR: entry_count is non-zero: %d\n", (int)info.entry_count);
+    result = false;
+  }
+  if (info.waiter_count != 0) {
+    LOG("ERROR: waiter_count is no-zero: %d\n", (int)info.waiter_count);
+    result = false;
+  }
+  if (info.notify_waiter_count != 0) {
+    LOG("ERROR: notify_waiter_count is no-zero: %d\n", (int)info.notify_waiter_count);
+    result = false;
+  }
+
+  jvmti->Deallocate((unsigned char *)info.waiters);
+  jvmti->Deallocate((unsigned char *)info.notify_waiters);
+
+  return result ? JNI_TRUE : JNI_FALSE;
+}
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetObjectSize/ValueGetObjectSize.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetObjectSize/ValueGetObjectSize.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..59e4db06a6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetObjectSize/ValueGetObjectSize.java
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @summary Sanity test for GetObjectSize with values classes.
+ * @requires vm.jvmti
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm/native -agentlib:ValueGetObjectSize ValueGetObjectSize
+ */
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+public class ValueGetObjectSize {
+
+    private static final String agentLib = "ValueGetObjectSize";
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    private static value class ValueClass {
+        public int f1;
+        public int f2;
+
+        public ValueClass(int v1, int v2) { f1 = v1; f2 = v2; }
+    }
+
+    private static value class ValueHolder {
+        public ValueClass f1;
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueClass f2;
+
+        public static ValueClass s1 = new ValueClass(0, 1);
+
+        public ValueHolder(int v) {
+            f1 = new ValueClass(v, v + 100);
+            f2 = new ValueClass(v + 1, v + 200);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        try {
+            System.loadLibrary(agentLib);
+        } catch (UnsatisfiedLinkError ex) {
+            System.err.println("Failed to load " + agentLib + " lib");
+            System.err.println("java.library.path: " + System.getProperty("java.library.path"));
+            throw ex;
+        }
+
+        ValueClass testObj1 = new ValueClass(4, 5);
+        ValueHolder testObj2 = new ValueHolder(6);
+
+        testGetObjectSize(testObj1);
+        testGetObjectSize(testObj2);
+    }
+
+    private static void testGetObjectSize(Object testObj) {
+        String className = testObj.getClass().getName();
+        log(">> Testing GetObjectSize for " + className);
+        if (!nTestGetObjectSize(testObj)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("ERROR: " + className);
+        }
+        log("<< Testing " + className + " - OK");
+        log("");
+    }
+
+    private static void log(String msg) {
+        System.out.println(msg);
+    }
+
+    private static native boolean nTestGetObjectSize(Object obj);
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetObjectSize/libValueGetObjectSize.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetObjectSize/libValueGetObjectSize.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bfd056c9bfe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetObjectSize/libValueGetObjectSize.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "jvmti.h"
+#include "jni.h"
+#include "jvmti_common.hpp"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+static jvmtiEnv *jvmti = nullptr;
+
+
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Agent_OnLoad(JavaVM *jvm, char *options, void *reserved) {
+  jint res = jvm->GetEnv((void **) &jvmti, JVMTI_VERSION_1_1);
+  if (res != JNI_OK || jvmti == nullptr) {
+    LOG("GetEnv failed, res = %d", (int)res);
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+  return JNI_OK;
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
+Java_ValueGetObjectSize_nTestGetObjectSize(JNIEnv *jni, jclass thisClass, jobject obj) {
+  jlong size = 0;
+  check_jvmti_error(jvmti->GetObjectSize(obj, &size), "GetObjectSize");
+
+  LOG(" GetObjectSize returned %d\n", (int)size);
+
+  return JNI_TRUE;
+}
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetSetLocal/ValueGetSetLocal.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetSetLocal/ValueGetSetLocal.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bb27665e297
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetSetLocal/ValueGetSetLocal.java
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @summary Sanity tests for GetLocalObject/SetLocalObject/GetLocalInstance with value classes.
+ * @requires vm.jvmti
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm/native -agentlib:ValueGetSetLocal ValueGetSetLocal
+ */
+
+import java.util.Objects;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+public class ValueGetSetLocal {
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    private static value class ValueClass {
+        public int f1;
+        public int f2;
+
+        public ValueClass(int v1, int v2) { f1 = v1; f2 = v2; }
+    }
+
+    private static value class ValueHolder {
+        public ValueClass f1;
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueClass f2;
+
+        public static ValueClass s1 = new ValueClass(0, 1);
+
+        public ValueHolder(int v) {
+            f1 = new ValueClass(v, v + 100);
+            f2 = new ValueClass(v + 1, v + 200);
+        }
+
+        // slot 0 is "this"
+        public void meth(ValueClass obj1,       // slot 1
+                         ValueHolder obj2) {    // slot 2
+            Object obj3 = obj2;                 // slot 3
+            // SetLocalObject can only set locals for top frame of virtual threads.
+            boolean testSetLocal = !Thread.currentThread().isVirtual();
+            testLocals(Thread.currentThread(), testSetLocal);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        ValueClass testObj1 = new ValueClass(7, 8);
+        ValueHolder testObj2 = new ValueHolder(9);
+        testObj2.meth(testObj1, testObj2);
+    }
+
+    private static native void testLocals(Thread thread, boolean testSetLocal);
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetSetLocal/libValueGetSetLocal.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetSetLocal/libValueGetSetLocal.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9a580698282
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/GetSetLocal/libValueGetSetLocal.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "jvmti.h"
+#include "jni.h"
+#include "jvmti_common.hpp"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+static jvmtiEnv *jvmti = nullptr;
+
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Agent_OnLoad(JavaVM *jvm, char *options, void *reserved) {
+  jint res = jvm->GetEnv((void **) &jvmti, JVMTI_VERSION_1_1);
+  if (res != JNI_OK || jvmti == nullptr) {
+    LOG("GetEnv failed, res = %d", (int)res);
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+
+  jvmtiCapabilities caps;
+  memset(&caps, 0, sizeof(caps));
+  caps.can_access_local_variables = 1;
+  jvmtiError err = jvmti->AddCapabilities(&caps);
+  if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+    LOG("AddCapabilities failed: %s (%d)\n", TranslateError(err), err);
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+
+  return JNI_OK;
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+Java_ValueGetSetLocal_testLocals(JNIEnv *jni, jclass thisClass, jthread thread, jboolean testSetLocal) {
+  const jint depth = 1;
+
+  LOG("\ntestLocals\n");
+  jobject obj0 = get_local_object(jvmti, jni, thread, depth, 0);
+  jobject obj1 = get_local_object(jvmti, jni, thread, depth, 1);
+  jobject obj2 = get_local_object(jvmti, jni, thread, depth, 2);
+  jobject obj3 = get_local_object(jvmti, jni, thread, depth, 3);
+  jobject obj_this = get_local_instance(jvmti, jni, thread, depth);
+
+  // obj0 is expected to be equal "this"
+  if (!jni->IsSameObject(obj0, obj_this)) {
+    fatal(jni, "Failed: obj0 != obj_this\n");
+  }
+  // obj3 is expected to be equal obj2
+  if (!jni->IsSameObject(obj3, obj2)) {
+    fatal(jni, "Failed: obj3 != obj2\n");
+  }
+
+  if (testSetLocal) {
+    // set obj3 = obj1
+    set_local_object(jvmti, thread, depth, 3, obj1);
+    obj3 = get_local_object(jvmti, jni, thread, depth, 3);
+    if (!jni->IsSameObject(obj3, obj1)) {
+      fatal(jni, "Failed: obj3 != obj1\n");
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/HeapDump/HeapDump.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/HeapDump/HeapDump.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b69c7274525
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/HeapDump/HeapDump.java
@@ -0,0 +1,480 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @requires vm.debug
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm HeapDump
+ */
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.lang.ref.Reference;
+import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.Enumeration;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.apps.LingeredApp;
+import jdk.test.lib.JDKToolLauncher;
+import jdk.test.lib.hprof.model.HackJavaValue;
+import jdk.test.lib.hprof.model.JavaByte;
+import jdk.test.lib.hprof.model.JavaClass;
+import jdk.test.lib.hprof.model.JavaField;
+import jdk.test.lib.hprof.model.JavaHeapObject;
+import jdk.test.lib.hprof.model.JavaObject;
+import jdk.test.lib.hprof.model.JavaObjectArray;
+import jdk.test.lib.hprof.model.JavaStatic;
+import jdk.test.lib.hprof.model.JavaThing;
+import jdk.test.lib.hprof.model.JavaValueArray;
+import jdk.test.lib.hprof.model.Snapshot;
+import jdk.test.lib.hprof.parser.Reader;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+
+
+class TestClass {
+
+    public static value class Value0 {
+        public int value0_int;
+        public Value0(int i) { value0_int = i; }
+    }
+
+    // value class with the only value field
+    // offset of flattened value_value0 is the same as offset of flattened Value
+    public static value class Value {
+        public Value0 value_value0;
+
+        public Value(int i) {
+            value_value0 = i == 0 ? null : new Value0(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueHolder {
+        public Value holder_value;
+
+        public ValueHolder(int i) {
+            holder_value = new Value(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // value class with reference (String)
+    public static value class ValueRef {
+        public Value ref_value;
+        public String ref_str;
+
+        public ValueRef(int i) {
+            ref_value = new Value(i);
+            ref_str = "#" + String.valueOf(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // nullable value
+    public Value nullableValue = new Value(1);
+    // null restricted value
+    @NullRestricted
+    public Value nullRestrictedValue;
+    // null value
+    public Value nullValue = null;
+    // value object with reference
+    public ValueRef refValue = new ValueRef(21);
+
+    // nullable array
+    public Value[] nullableArray = createNullableArray(101);
+    // null restricted array
+    public Value[] nullRestrictedArray = createNullRestrictedArray(201);
+
+    // static value field (for sanity, cannot be flat)
+    public static Value staticValue = new Value(31);
+
+    public TestClass() {
+        nullRestrictedValue = new Value(11);
+        super();
+    }
+
+    static Value[] createNullableArray(int seed) {
+        Value[] arr = (Value[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(Value.class, 5);
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+            arr[i] = (i % 2 != 0) ? null : new Value(seed + i);
+        }
+        return arr;
+    }
+
+    static Value[] createNullRestrictedArray(int seed) {
+        Value defValue = new Value(0);
+        Value[] arr = (Value[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Value.class, 5, defValue);
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+            arr[i] = new Value(seed + i);
+        }
+        return arr;
+    }
+}
+
+class HeapDumpTarg extends LingeredApp {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestClass testObj = new TestClass();
+        LingeredApp.main(args);
+        Reference.reachabilityFence(testObj);
+    }
+}
+
+public class HeapDump {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
+        LingeredApp theApp = null;
+        String hprogFile = new File(System.getProperty("test.classes") + "/Myheapdump.hprof").getAbsolutePath();
+        try {
+            theApp = new HeapDumpTarg();
+
+            // -XX:+PrintInlineLayout is debug-only arg
+            LingeredApp.startApp(theApp, "--enable-preview", "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                                "-XX:+PrintInlineLayout", "-XX:+PrintFlatArrayLayout",
+                                 "--add-modules=java.base",
+                                 "--add-exports=java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED");
+
+            // jcmd <pid> GC.heap_dump
+            JDKToolLauncher launcher = JDKToolLauncher
+                                        .createUsingTestJDK("jcmd")
+                                        .addToolArg(Long.toString(theApp.getPid()))
+                                        .addToolArg("GC.heap_dump")
+                                        .addToolArg(hprogFile);
+            Process jcmd = ProcessTools.startProcess("jcmd", new ProcessBuilder(launcher.getCommand()));
+            // If something goes wrong with heap dumping most likely we'll get crash of the target VM
+            while (!jcmd.waitFor(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
+                if (!theApp.getProcess().isAlive()) {
+                    log("ERROR: target VM died, killing jcmd...");
+                    jcmd.destroyForcibly();
+                    throw new Exception("Target VM died");
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (jcmd.exitValue() != 0) {
+                throw new Exception("Jcmd exited with code " + jcmd.exitValue());
+            }
+        } finally {
+            LingeredApp.stopApp(theApp);
+        }
+
+        // test object to compare
+        TestClass testObj = new TestClass();
+
+        log("Reading " + hprogFile + "...");
+        try (Snapshot snapshot = Reader.readFile(hprogFile,true, 0)) {
+            log("Snapshot read, resolving...");
+            snapshot.resolve(true);
+            log("Snapshot resolved.");
+
+            JavaObject dumpObj = findObject(snapshot, testObj.getClass().getName());
+
+            log("");
+            print(dumpObj);
+
+            log("");
+            log("Verifying object " + testObj.getClass().getName() + " (dumped object " + dumpObj + ")");
+            compareObjectFields("  ", testObj, dumpObj);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static JavaObject findObject(Snapshot snapshot, String className) throws Exception {
+        log("looking for " + className + "...");
+        JavaClass jClass = snapshot.findClass(className);
+        if (jClass == null) {
+            throw new Exception("'" + className + "' not found");
+        }
+        Enumeration<JavaHeapObject> objects = jClass.getInstances(false);
+        if (!objects.hasMoreElements()) {
+            throw new Exception("No '" + className + "' instances found");
+        }
+        JavaHeapObject heapObj = objects.nextElement();
+        if (objects.hasMoreElements()) {
+            throw new Exception("More than 1 instances of '" + className + "' found");
+        }
+        if (!(heapObj instanceof JavaObject)) {
+            throw new Exception("'" + className + "' instance is not JavaObject (" + heapObj.getClass() + ")");
+        }
+        return (JavaObject)heapObj;
+    }
+
+    // description of the current object for logging and error reporting
+    private static String objDescr;
+    private static boolean errorReported = false;
+
+    private static void compareObjects(String logPrefix, Object testObj, JavaThing dumpObj) throws Exception {
+        if (testObj == null) {
+            if (!isNullValue(dumpObj)) {
+                throw new Exception("null expected, but dumped object is " + dumpObj);
+            }
+            log(logPrefix + objDescr + ": null");
+        } else if (dumpObj instanceof JavaObject obj) {
+            // special handling for Strings
+            if (testObj instanceof String testStr) {
+                objDescr += " (String, " + obj.getIdString() + ")";
+                if (!obj.getClazz().isString()) {
+                    throw new Exception("value (" + obj + ")"
+                            + " is not String (" + obj.getClazz() + ")");
+                }
+                String dumpStr = getStringValue(obj);
+                if (!testStr.equals(dumpStr)) {
+                    throw new Exception("different values:"
+                            + " expected \"" + testStr + "\", actual \"" + dumpStr + "\"");
+                }
+                log(logPrefix + objDescr + ": \"" + testStr + "\" ( == \"" + dumpStr + "\")");
+            } else {
+                // other Object
+                log(logPrefix + objDescr + ": Object " + obj);
+                if (isTestClass(obj.getClazz().getName())) {
+                    compareObjectFields(logPrefix + "  ", testObj, obj);
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            throw new Exception("Object expected, but the value (" + dumpObj + ")"
+                    + " is not JavaObject (" + dumpObj.getClass() + ")");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void compareObjectFields(String logPrefix, Object testObj, JavaObject dumpObj) throws Exception {
+        Field[] fields = testObj.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
+        for (Field testField : fields) {
+            boolean isStatic = Modifier.isStatic(testField.getModifiers());
+            testField.setAccessible(true);
+            objDescr = "- " + (isStatic ? "(static) " : "")
+                    + testField.getName() + " ('" + testField.getType().descriptorString() + "')";
+            try {
+                Object testValue = testField.get(testObj);
+
+                JavaField dumpField = getField(dumpObj, testField.getName(), isStatic);
+                JavaThing dumpValue = isStatic
+                        ? dumpObj.getClazz().getStaticField(dumpField.getName())
+                        : dumpObj.getField(dumpField.getName());
+
+                objDescr += ", dump signature '" + dumpField.getSignature() + "'";
+
+                compareType(testField, dumpField);
+
+                if (testValue == null) {
+                    if (!isNullValue(dumpValue)) {
+                        throw new Exception("null expected, but dumped object is " + dumpValue);
+                    }
+                    log(logPrefix + objDescr + ": null");
+                } else {
+                    switch (testField.getType().descriptorString().charAt(0)) {
+                    case 'L':
+                        compareObjects(logPrefix, testValue, dumpValue);
+                        break;
+                    case '[':
+                        int testLength = Array.getLength(testValue);
+                        objDescr += " (Array of '" + testField.getType().getComponentType() + "'"
+                                + ", length = " + testLength + ", " + dumpValue + ")";
+                        if (dumpValue instanceof JavaValueArray arr) {
+                            // array of primitive type
+                            char testElementType = testField.getType().getComponentType().descriptorString().charAt(0);
+                            if ((char)arr.getElementType() != testElementType) {
+                                throw new Exception("wrong element type: '" + (char)arr.getElementType() + "'");
+                            }
+                            int dumpLength = arr.getLength();
+                            if (dumpLength != testLength) {
+                                throw new Exception("wrong array size: " + dumpLength);
+                            }
+                            JavaThing[] dumpElements = arr.getElements();
+                            log(logPrefix + objDescr);
+                            for (int j = 0; j < testLength; j++) {
+                                Object elementValue = Array.get(testValue, j);
+                                objDescr = "[" + j + "]";
+                                comparePrimitiveValues(elementValue, dumpElements[j]);
+                                log(logPrefix + "  [" + j + "]: " + elementValue + " ( == " + dumpElements[j] + ")");
+                            }
+                        } else if (dumpValue instanceof JavaObjectArray arr) {
+                            int dumpLength = arr.getLength();
+                            if (dumpLength != testLength) {
+                                throw new Exception("wrong array size: " + dumpLength);
+                            }
+                            JavaThing[] dumpElements = arr.getElements();
+                            log(logPrefix + objDescr);
+                            for (int j = 0; j < testLength; j++) {
+                                Object elementValue = Array.get(testValue, j);
+                                objDescr = "[" + j + "]";
+                                compareObjects(logPrefix + "  ", elementValue, dumpElements[j]);
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            throw new Exception("Array expected, but the value (" + dumpValue + ")"
+                                    + " is neither JavaValueArray nor JavaObjectArray"
+                                    + " (" + dumpValue.getClass() + ")");
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        comparePrimitiveValues(testValue, dumpValue);
+                        log(logPrefix + objDescr + ": " + testValue + " ( == " + dumpValue + ")");
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            } catch (Exception ex) {
+                if (!errorReported) {
+                    log(logPrefix + objDescr + ": ERROR - " + ex.getMessage());
+                    errorReported = true;
+                }
+                throw ex;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static JavaField getField(JavaObject obj, String fieldName, boolean isStatic) throws Exception {
+        if (isStatic) {
+            JavaStatic[] statics = obj.getClazz().getStatics();
+            for (JavaStatic st: statics) {
+                if (st.getField().getName().equals(fieldName)) {
+                    return st.getField();
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            JavaField[] fields = obj.getClazz().getFields();
+            for (JavaField field : fields) {
+                if (fieldName.equals(field.getName())) {
+                    return field;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        throw new Exception("field '" + fieldName + "' not found");
+    }
+
+    private static void compareType(Field field, JavaField dumpField) throws Exception {
+        String sig = field.getType().descriptorString();
+        char type = sig.charAt(0);
+        if (type == '[') {
+            type = 'L';
+        }
+        char dumpType = dumpField.getSignature().charAt(0);
+        if (dumpType != type) {
+            throw new Exception("type mismatch:"
+                    + " expected '" + type + "' (" + sig + ")"
+                    + ", found '" + dumpField.getSignature().charAt(0) + "' (" + dumpField.getSignature() + ")");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void comparePrimitiveValues(Object testValue, JavaThing dumpValue) throws Exception {
+        // JavaByte.toString() returns hex
+        String testStr = testValue instanceof Byte byteValue
+                ? (new JavaByte(byteValue)).toString()
+                : String.valueOf(testValue);
+        String dumpStr = dumpValue.toString();
+        if (!testStr.equals(dumpStr)) {
+            throw new Exception("Wrong value: expected " + testStr + ", actual " + dumpStr);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isNullValue(JavaThing value) {
+        return value == null
+                // dumped value is HackJavaValue with string representation "<null>"
+                || (value instanceof HackJavaValue &&  "<null>".equals(value.toString()));
+    }
+
+    private static String getStringValue(JavaObject value) {
+        JavaThing valueObj = value.getField("value");
+        if (valueObj instanceof JavaValueArray valueArr) {
+            try {
+                if (valueArr.getElementType() == 'B') {
+                    Field valueField = JavaByte.class.getDeclaredField("value");
+                    valueField.setAccessible(true);
+                    JavaThing[] things = valueArr.getElements();
+                    byte[] bytes = new byte[things.length];
+                    for (int i = 0; i < things.length; i++) {
+                        bytes[i] = valueField.getByte(things[i]);
+                    }
+                    return new String(bytes);
+                }
+            } catch (Exception ignored) {
+            }
+            return valueArr.valueString();
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void print(JavaObject dumpObject) {
+        log("Dumped object " + dumpObject + ":");
+        print("", dumpObject);
+    }
+
+    private static void print(String prefix, JavaObject dumpObject) {
+        JavaClass clazz = dumpObject.getClazz();
+        // print only test classes
+        if (!isTestClass(clazz.getName())) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        JavaField[] fields = clazz.getFields();
+        for (JavaField field : fields) {
+            printFieldValue(prefix, field, false, dumpObject.getField(field.getName()));
+        }
+
+        JavaStatic[] statics = clazz.getStatics();
+        for (JavaStatic st: statics) {
+            printFieldValue(prefix, st.getField(), true, st.getValue());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void printFieldValue(String prefix, JavaField field, boolean isStatic, JavaThing value) {
+        String logPrefix = prefix + "- " + (isStatic ? "(static) " : "")
+                + field.getName() + " ('" + field.getSignature() + "'): ";
+        if (isNullValue(value)) {
+            log(logPrefix + "null");
+        } else {
+            if (value instanceof JavaObject obj) {
+                logPrefix += "(class '" + obj.getClazz().getName() + "'): ";
+                if (obj.getClazz().isString()) {
+                    String dumpStr = getStringValue(obj);
+                    log(logPrefix + "\"" + dumpStr + "\"");
+                } else {
+                    log(logPrefix + "object " + obj);
+                    print(prefix + "  ", obj);
+                }
+            } else if (value instanceof JavaObjectArray arr) {
+                log(logPrefix + " array " + arr + " length: " + arr.getLength());
+                JavaThing[] values = arr.getValues();
+                for (int v = 0; v < values.length; v++) {
+                    log(prefix + "  [" + v + "]: " + values[v]);
+                    if (values[v] instanceof JavaObject obj) {
+                        print(prefix + "    ", obj);
+                    }
+                }
+            } else if (value instanceof JavaValueArray arr) {
+                log(logPrefix + "(array of '" + (char)arr.getElementType() + "')" + ": " + arr.valueString());
+            } else {
+                log(logPrefix + "(" + value.getClass() +  ")" + value.toString());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isTestClass(String className) {
+        return className.startsWith("TestClass");
+    }
+
+    private static void log(String msg) {
+        System.out.println(msg);
+        System.out.flush();
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/HeapwalkDupClasses/HeapwalkDupClasses.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/HeapwalkDupClasses/HeapwalkDupClasses.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..217456b2373
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/HeapwalkDupClasses/HeapwalkDupClasses.java
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8368799
+ * @summary Verify heapwalking API does not report array classes several times.
+ * @requires vm.jvmti
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm/native -agentlib:HeapwalkDupClasses HeapwalkDupClasses
+ */
+
+import java.lang.ref.Reference;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+public class HeapwalkDupClasses {
+
+    static native int tagWithFollowReferences(long tag);
+    static native int tagWithIterateOverReachableObjects(long tag);
+    static native Object[] getObjectsWithTags(long tag);
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        System.loadLibrary("HeapwalkDupClasses");
+
+        Integer instance = new Integer(0);
+        Object[] testObjects = new Object[] {
+            new Integer[5],
+            ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(Integer.class, 5),
+            ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Integer.class, 5, instance)
+        };
+
+        for (long tag = 1; tag <= 2; tag++) {
+            int taggedClasses;
+            if (tag == 1) {
+                System.out.println("FollowReferences");
+                taggedClasses = tagWithFollowReferences(tag);
+            } else {
+                System.out.println("IterateOverReachableObjects");
+                taggedClasses = tagWithIterateOverReachableObjects(tag);
+            }
+            System.out.println("Tagged " + taggedClasses + " classes");
+
+            Object[] taggedObjects = getObjectsWithTags(tag);
+            System.out.println("Tagged objects (total " + taggedObjects.length + "):");
+
+            int duplicates = 0;
+            boolean foundTestObjectClass[] = new boolean[testObjects.length];
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < taggedObjects.length; i++) {
+                System.out.println("[" + i + "] " + taggedObjects[i]);
+                for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) {
+                    if (taggedObjects[i].equals(taggedObjects[j])) {
+                        duplicates++;
+                        System.out.println("  ERROR: duplicate (" + j + ")");
+                    }
+                }
+                for (int j = 0; j < testObjects.length; j++) {
+                    if (taggedObjects[i].equals(testObjects[j].getClass())) {
+                        foundTestObjectClass[j] = true;
+                        System.out.println("  FOUND expected array class");
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (duplicates != 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Found " + duplicates + " duplicate classes");
+            }
+            for (int i = 0; i < foundTestObjectClass.length; i++) {
+                if (!foundTestObjectClass[i]) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Expected class not found: " + testObjects[i].getClass());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/HeapwalkDupClasses/libHeapwalkDupClasses.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/HeapwalkDupClasses/libHeapwalkDupClasses.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..651f5839fec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/HeapwalkDupClasses/libHeapwalkDupClasses.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <jvmti.h>
+#include "jvmti_common.hpp"
+
+static jvmtiEnv *jvmti = nullptr;
+struct CallbackData {
+  jlong tag;
+  jint counter;
+
+  CallbackData(jlong tag): tag(tag), counter(0) {}
+};
+
+static jint JNICALL
+heap_reference_callback(jvmtiHeapReferenceKind reference_kind,
+                        const jvmtiHeapReferenceInfo* reference_info,
+                        jlong class_tag,
+                        jlong referrer_class_tag,
+                        jlong size,
+                        jlong* tag_ptr,
+                        jlong* referrer_tag_ptr,
+                        jint length,
+                        void* user_data) {
+  if (reference_kind == JVMTI_HEAP_REFERENCE_SYSTEM_CLASS) {
+    CallbackData* data = (CallbackData*)user_data;
+    data->counter++;
+    *tag_ptr = data->tag;
+  }
+  return JVMTI_VISIT_OBJECTS;
+}
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Java_HeapwalkDupClasses_tagWithFollowReferences(JNIEnv* jni, jclass clazz, jlong tag) {
+  jvmtiHeapCallbacks callbacks = {};
+  callbacks.heap_reference_callback = heap_reference_callback;
+
+  CallbackData data(tag);
+
+  jvmtiError err = jvmti->FollowReferences(0 /* filter nothing */,
+                                           nullptr /* no class filter */,
+                                           nullptr /* no initial object, follow roots */,
+                                           &callbacks,
+                                           &data);
+  check_jvmti_error(err, "FollowReferences failed");
+
+  return data.counter;
+}
+
+static jvmtiIterationControl JNICALL
+heap_root_callback(jvmtiHeapRootKind root_kind,
+                   jlong class_tag,
+                   jlong size,
+                   jlong* tag_ptr,
+                   void* user_data) {
+  if (root_kind == JVMTI_HEAP_ROOT_SYSTEM_CLASS) {
+    CallbackData* data = (CallbackData*)user_data;
+    data->counter++;
+    *tag_ptr = data->tag;
+  }
+  return JVMTI_ITERATION_CONTINUE;
+}
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Java_HeapwalkDupClasses_tagWithIterateOverReachableObjects(JNIEnv* jni, jclass clazz, jlong tag) {
+  CallbackData data(tag);
+  jvmtiError err = jvmti->IterateOverReachableObjects(heap_root_callback,
+                                                      nullptr,
+                                                      nullptr,
+                                                      &data);
+  check_jvmti_error(err, "IterateOverReachableObjects failed");
+
+  return data.counter;
+}
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT jobjectArray JNICALL
+Java_HeapwalkDupClasses_getObjectsWithTags(JNIEnv* jni, jclass clazz, jlong tag) {
+  jlong tags[1] = {tag};
+
+  jint count = 0;
+  jobject* objects = nullptr;
+
+  jvmtiError err = jvmti->GetObjectsWithTags(1, tags,
+                                  &count, &objects, nullptr);
+  check_jvmti_error(err, "GetObjectsWithTags failed");
+
+  jclass object_klass = jni->FindClass("java/lang/Object");
+  jobjectArray array = jni->NewObjectArray(count, object_klass, nullptr);
+
+  for (jint i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+    jni->SetObjectArrayElement(array, i, objects[i]);
+  }
+
+  deallocate(jvmti, jni, objects);
+
+  return array;
+}
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Agent_OnLoad(JavaVM *vm, char *options, void *reserved) {
+  if (vm->GetEnv(reinterpret_cast<void**>(&jvmti), JVMTI_VERSION) != JNI_OK || !jvmti) {
+    LOG("Could not initialize JVMTI\n");
+    abort();
+  }
+  jvmtiCapabilities capabilities;
+  memset(&capabilities, 0, sizeof(capabilities));
+  capabilities.can_tag_objects = 1;
+  check_jvmti_error(jvmti->AddCapabilities(&capabilities), "adding capabilities");
+  return JVMTI_ERROR_NONE;
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/Heapwalking/ValueHeapwalkingTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/Heapwalking/ValueHeapwalkingTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6b7da750afa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/Heapwalking/ValueHeapwalkingTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,347 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Tests heapwalking API (FollowReferences, IterateThroughHeap, GetObjectsWithTags) for value objects.
+ * @requires vm.jvmti
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm/native -agentlib:ValueHeapwalkingTest
+ *                          -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                          -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                          -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
+ *                          -XX:+UseFieldFlattening
+ *                          -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                          -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening
+ *                          -XX:+PrintInlineLayout
+ *                          -XX:+PrintFlatArrayLayout
+ *                          -Xlog:jvmti+table
+ *                          ValueHeapwalkingTest
+ */
+
+import java.lang.ref.Reference;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+
+public class ValueHeapwalkingTest {
+
+    static value class Value {
+        int v;
+        Value() {
+            this(0);
+        }
+        Value(int v) {
+            this.v = v;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // flat object has flat field (address of the field is the same as address of the object)
+    static value class Value2 {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public Value v1;
+        @NullRestricted
+        public Value v2;
+        Value2() {
+            this(0);
+        }
+        Value2(int i) {
+            this.v1 = new Value(i);
+            this.v2 = new Value(i+1);
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class ValueHolder {
+        public Value v1;
+        @NullRestricted
+        public Value v2;
+        public Value v_null;
+
+        public Value2 v2_1;
+        @NullRestricted
+        public Value2 v2_2;
+
+        public Value[] v_arr;
+        public Value2[] v2_arr;
+
+        public ValueHolder(int seed) throws Exception {
+            v1 = new Value(seed);
+            v2 = new Value(seed + 1);
+            v_null = null;
+
+            v2_1 = new Value2(seed + 6);
+            v2_2 = new Value2(seed + 8);
+
+            v_arr = createValueArray(seed);
+            v2_arr = createValue2Array(seed);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Value[] createValueArray(int seed) throws Exception {
+        Value[] arr = (Value[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(Value.class, 5);
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+            arr[i] = i == 2 ? null : new Value(seed + 10 + i);
+        }
+        return arr;
+    }
+
+    static Value2[] createValue2Array(int seed) throws Exception {
+        Value2[] arr = (Value2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Value2.class, 5, Value2.class.newInstance());
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+            arr[i] = new Value2(seed + 20 + i * 2);
+        }
+        return arr;
+    }
+
+    static final int TAG_VALUE_CLASS = 1;
+    static final int TAG_VALUE2_CLASS = 2;
+    static final int TAG_HOLDER_CLASS = 3;
+    static final int TAG_VALUE_ARRAY = 4;
+    static final int TAG_VALUE2_ARRAY = 5;
+
+    static final int TAG_MIN = TAG_VALUE_CLASS;
+    static final int TAG_MAX = TAG_VALUE2_ARRAY;
+
+    static String tagStr(int tag) {
+        String suffix = " (tag " + tag + ")";
+        switch (tag) {
+        case TAG_VALUE_CLASS: return "Value class" + suffix;
+        case TAG_VALUE2_CLASS: return "Value2 class" + suffix;
+        case TAG_HOLDER_CLASS: return "ValueHolder class" + suffix;
+        case TAG_VALUE_ARRAY: return "Value[] object" + suffix;
+        case TAG_VALUE2_ARRAY: return "Value2[] object" + suffix;
+        }
+        return "Unknown" + suffix;
+    }
+
+    static native void setTag(Object object, long tag);
+    static native long getTag(Object object);
+
+    static native void reset();
+
+    static native void followReferences();
+
+    static native void iterateThroughHeap();
+
+    static native int count(int classTag);
+    static native int refCount(int fromTag, int toTag);
+    static native int primitiveFieldCount(int tag);
+
+    static native long getMaxTag();
+
+    static native int getObjectWithTags(long minTag, long maxTag, Object[] objects, long[] tags);
+
+
+    // counts non-null elements in the array
+    static <T> int nonNullCount(T[] array) {
+        return (int)Arrays.stream(array).filter(e -> e != null).count();
+    }
+
+    static void verifyMinCount(int classTag, int minCount) {
+        int count = count(classTag);
+        String msg = tagStr(classTag) + " count: " + count + ", min expected: " + minCount;
+        if (count < minCount) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(msg);
+        }
+        System.out.println(msg);
+    }
+
+    static void verifyRefCount(int tagFrom, int tagTo, int expectedCount) {
+        int count = refCount(tagFrom, tagTo);
+        String msg = "Ref.count from " + tagStr(tagFrom) + " to " + tagStr(tagTo) + ": "
+                   + count + ", expected: " + expectedCount;
+        if (count !=  expectedCount) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(msg);
+        }
+        System.out.println(msg);
+    }
+
+    static void verifyPrimitiveFieldCount(int classTag, int expectedCount) {
+        int count = primitiveFieldCount(classTag);
+        String msg = "Primitive field count from " + tagStr(classTag) + ": "
+                   + count + ", expected: " + expectedCount;
+        if (count !=  expectedCount) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(msg);
+        }
+        System.out.println(msg);
+    }
+
+
+    static void printObject(Object obj) {
+        printObject("", obj);
+    }
+
+    static void printObject(String prefix, Object obj) {
+        if (obj == null) {
+            System.out.println(prefix + "null");
+            return;
+          }
+
+        Class<?> clazz = obj.getClass();
+        System.out.println(prefix + "Object (class " + clazz.getName() + ", tag = " + getTag(obj) + ", class tag = " + getTag(clazz));
+
+        if (clazz.isArray()) {
+            Class<?> elementType = clazz.getComponentType();
+            int length = java.lang.reflect.Array.getLength(obj);
+            System.out.println(prefix + "Array of " + elementType + ", length = " + length + " [");
+            for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+                Object element = java.lang.reflect.Array.get(obj, i);
+                if (elementType.isPrimitive()) {
+                    if (i == 0) {
+                        System.out.print(prefix + "  ");
+                    } else {
+                        System.out.print(", ");
+                    }
+                    System.out.print(prefix + "(" + i + "):" + element);
+                } else {
+                    System.out.println(prefix + "(" + i + "):" + "NOT primitive");
+                    printObject(prefix + "  ", element);
+                }
+            }
+            System.out.println(prefix + "]");
+        } else {
+            while (clazz != null && clazz != Object.class) {
+                Field[] fields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
+                for (Field field : fields) {
+                    try {
+                        field.setAccessible(true);
+                        Object value = field.get(obj);
+                        Class<?> fieldType = field.getType();
+                        System.out.println(prefix + "- " + field.getName() + " (" + fieldType + ") = " + value);
+
+                        if (!fieldType.isPrimitive()) {
+                            printObject(prefix + "  ", value);
+                        }
+                    } catch (IllegalAccessException | java.lang.reflect.InaccessibleObjectException e) {
+                        System.err.println("  Error accessing field " + field.getName() + ": " + e.getMessage());
+                    }
+                }
+                clazz = clazz.getSuperclass();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        System.loadLibrary("ValueHeapwalkingTest");
+        ValueHolder holder = new ValueHolder(10);
+
+        setTag(Value.class, TAG_VALUE_CLASS);
+        setTag(Value2.class, TAG_VALUE2_CLASS);
+        setTag(ValueHolder.class, TAG_HOLDER_CLASS);
+        setTag(holder.v_arr, TAG_VALUE_ARRAY);
+        setTag(holder.v2_arr, TAG_VALUE2_ARRAY);
+
+        reset();
+        System.out.println(">>iterateThroughHeap");
+        iterateThroughHeap();
+        System.out.println("<<iterateThroughHeap");
+
+        // IterateThroughHeap reports reachable and unreachable objects,
+        // so verify only minimum count.
+        for (int i = TAG_MIN; i <= TAG_MAX; i++) {
+            System.out.println(tagStr(i) + " count: " + count(i));
+        }
+        int reachableValueHolderCount = 1;
+        // v2_1, v2_2, v2_arr
+        int reachableValue2Count = reachableValueHolderCount * (2 + nonNullCount(holder.v2_arr));
+        // ValueHolder: v1, v2, v_arr
+        // Value2: v1, v2
+        int reachableValueCount = reachableValueHolderCount * (2 + nonNullCount(holder.v_arr))
+                                + reachableValue2Count * 2;
+        verifyMinCount(TAG_VALUE_CLASS, reachableValueCount);
+        verifyMinCount(TAG_VALUE2_CLASS, reachableValue2Count);
+        verifyMinCount(TAG_HOLDER_CLASS, reachableValueHolderCount);
+        // For each Value object 1 primitive field must be reported.
+        verifyPrimitiveFieldCount(TAG_VALUE_CLASS, count(TAG_VALUE_CLASS));
+
+        reset();  // to reset primitiveFieldCount
+        System.out.println(">>followReferences");
+        followReferences();
+        System.out.println("<<followReferences");
+
+        long maxTag = getMaxTag();
+
+        for (int i = TAG_MIN; i <= TAG_MAX; i++) {
+            for (int j = TAG_MIN; j <= TAG_MAX; j++) {
+                System.out.println("Reference from " + tagStr(i) + " to " + tagStr(j) + ": " + refCount(i, j));
+            }
+        }
+
+        printObject(holder);
+
+        // ValueHolder: v1, v2
+        verifyRefCount(TAG_HOLDER_CLASS, TAG_VALUE_CLASS, 2);
+        // ValueHolder: v2_1, v2_2
+        verifyRefCount(TAG_HOLDER_CLASS, TAG_VALUE_CLASS, 2);
+        // ValueHolder: v_arr
+        verifyRefCount(TAG_HOLDER_CLASS, TAG_VALUE_ARRAY, 1);
+        // ValueHolder: v2_arr
+        verifyRefCount(TAG_HOLDER_CLASS, TAG_VALUE2_ARRAY, 1);
+
+        // References from arrays to their elements
+        verifyRefCount(TAG_VALUE_ARRAY, TAG_VALUE_CLASS, nonNullCount(holder.v_arr));
+        verifyRefCount(TAG_VALUE2_ARRAY, TAG_VALUE2_CLASS, nonNullCount(holder.v2_arr));
+
+        // Each Value2 object must have 2 references to Value object (v1, v2).
+        verifyRefCount(TAG_VALUE2_CLASS, TAG_VALUE_CLASS, reachableValue2Count * 2);
+
+        // For each Value object 1 primitive field must be reported.
+        verifyPrimitiveFieldCount(TAG_VALUE_CLASS, reachableValueCount);
+
+        System.out.println(">>followReferences (2)");
+        followReferences();
+        System.out.println("<<followReferences (2)");
+
+        long maxTag2 = getMaxTag();
+        // no new objects are expected to be tagged
+        if (maxTag != maxTag2) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("maxTag (" + maxTag + ") not equal to maxTag2(" + maxTag2 + ")");
+        }
+
+        Object[] objects = new Object[1024];
+        long tags[] = new long[1024];
+        System.out.println(">>getObjectWithTags, maxTag = " + maxTag);
+        int count = getObjectWithTags(1, maxTag, objects, tags);
+        System.out.println("getObjectWithTags returned " + count);
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            System.out.println("  [" + i + "] " + objects[i] + ", tag = " + tags[i]);
+            if (objects[i] == null || tags[i] == 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("unexpected object");
+            }
+        }
+        int expectedTaggedCount = 5 // TAG_VALUE_CLASS/TAG_VALUE2_CLASS/TAG_HOLDER_CLASS/TAG_VALUE_ARRAY/TAG_VALUE2_ARRAY
+                + reachableValue2Count + reachableValueCount;
+        if (count !=  expectedTaggedCount) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("unexpected getObjectWithTags result: " + count
+                                     + ", expected " + expectedTaggedCount);
+        }
+
+        Reference.reachabilityFence(holder);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/Heapwalking/libValueHeapwalkingTest.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/Heapwalking/libValueHeapwalkingTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..eb0f08165dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/Heapwalking/libValueHeapwalkingTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,321 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <jvmti.h>
+#include "jvmti_common.hpp"
+
+static jvmtiEnv *jvmti = nullptr;
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+Java_ValueHeapwalkingTest_setTag(JNIEnv* jni_env, jclass clazz, jobject object, jlong tag) {
+  jvmtiError err = jvmti->SetTag(object, tag);
+  check_jvmti_error(err, "could not set tag");
+}
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT jlong JNICALL
+Java_ValueHeapwalkingTest_getTag(JNIEnv* jni_env, jclass clazz, jobject object) {
+  jlong tag;
+  check_jvmti_error(jvmti->GetTag(object, &tag), "could not get tag");
+  return tag;
+}
+
+const int TAG_VALUE_CLASS = 1;
+const int TAG_VALUE2_CLASS = 2;
+const int TAG_HOLDER_CLASS = 3;
+const int TAG_VALUE_ARRAY = 4;
+const int TAG_VALUE3_ARRAY = 5;
+const int MAX_TAG = 5;
+const int START_TAG = 10; // start value for tagging objects
+
+static const char* tag_str(jlong tag) {
+  switch (tag) {
+  case 0: return "None";
+  case TAG_VALUE_CLASS: return "Value class";
+  case TAG_VALUE2_CLASS: return "Value2 class";
+  case TAG_HOLDER_CLASS: return "ValueHolder class";
+  case TAG_VALUE_ARRAY: return "Value[] object";
+  case TAG_VALUE3_ARRAY: return "Value2[] object";
+  }
+  return "Unknown";
+}
+
+struct Callback_Data  {
+  // Updated by heap_iteration_callback.
+  jint counters[MAX_TAG + 1];
+  // Updated by heap_reference_callback.
+  jint ref_counters[MAX_TAG + 1][MAX_TAG + 1];
+  // Updated by primitive_field_callback.
+  jint primitive_counters[MAX_TAG + 1];
+  jlong tag_counter;
+};
+
+static Callback_Data callbackData;
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+Java_ValueHeapwalkingTest_reset(JNIEnv* jni_env, jclass clazz) {
+  memset(&callbackData, 0, sizeof(callbackData));
+  callbackData.tag_counter = START_TAG;
+}
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Java_ValueHeapwalkingTest_count(JNIEnv* jni_env, jclass clazz, jint tag) {
+  return callbackData.counters[tag];
+}
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Java_ValueHeapwalkingTest_refCount(JNIEnv* jni_env, jclass clazz, jint fromTag, jint toTag) {
+  return callbackData.ref_counters[fromTag][toTag];
+}
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Java_ValueHeapwalkingTest_primitiveFieldCount(JNIEnv* jni_env, jclass clazz, jint tag) {
+  return callbackData.primitive_counters[tag];
+}
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT jlong JNICALL
+Java_ValueHeapwalkingTest_getMaxTag(JNIEnv* jni_env, jclass clazz) {
+  return callbackData.tag_counter;
+}
+
+static jlong safe_deref(jlong* ref) {
+    return ref == nullptr ? 0 : *ref;
+}
+
+static jint JNICALL
+heap_iteration_callback(jlong class_tag,
+                        jlong size,
+                        jlong* tag_ptr,
+                        jint length,
+                        void* user_data) {
+  Callback_Data* data = (Callback_Data*)user_data;
+
+  if (class_tag != 0 && class_tag <= MAX_TAG) {
+    data->counters[class_tag]++;
+    printf("heap_iteration_callback: class_tag = %d (%s), tag = %d (%s), length = %d\n",
+           (int)class_tag, tag_str(class_tag), (int)*tag_ptr, tag_str(*tag_ptr), length);
+    fflush(nullptr);
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static jint JNICALL
+heap_reference_callback(jvmtiHeapReferenceKind reference_kind,
+                        const jvmtiHeapReferenceInfo* reference_info,
+                        jlong class_tag,
+                        jlong referrer_class_tag,
+                        jlong size,
+                        jlong* tag_ptr,
+                        jlong* referrer_tag_ptr,
+                        jint length,
+                        void* user_data) {
+  Callback_Data* data = (Callback_Data*)user_data;
+
+  jlong tag = class_tag;
+  if (tag == 0 && *tag_ptr != 0 && *tag_ptr <= MAX_TAG) {
+    tag = *tag_ptr;
+  }
+  jlong referrer_tag = referrer_class_tag;
+  if (referrer_tag == 0 && safe_deref(referrer_tag_ptr) != 0 && safe_deref(referrer_tag_ptr) <= MAX_TAG) {
+    referrer_tag = *referrer_tag_ptr;
+  }
+
+  if (tag != 0 && referrer_tag != 0) {
+    // For testing we count only JVMTI_HEAP_REFERENCE_FIELD and JVMTI_HEAP_REFERENCE_ARRAY_ELEMENT references.
+    if (reference_kind == JVMTI_HEAP_REFERENCE_FIELD || reference_kind == JVMTI_HEAP_REFERENCE_ARRAY_ELEMENT) {
+      data->ref_counters[referrer_tag][tag]++;
+    }
+
+    jlong cur_tag = *tag_ptr;
+    char new_tag_str[64] = {};
+    if (*tag_ptr == 0) { // i.e. class_tag != 0, but the object is untagged
+      *tag_ptr = ++data->tag_counter;
+      snprintf(new_tag_str, sizeof(new_tag_str), ", set tag to %d", (int)*tag_ptr);
+    }
+    printf("heap_reference_callback: kind = %d, class_tag = %d (%s), tag = %d (%s), referrer_tag = %d (%s) %s\n",
+           (int)reference_kind, (int)class_tag, tag_str(class_tag), (int)cur_tag, tag_str(*tag_ptr),
+           (int)referrer_tag, tag_str(referrer_tag), new_tag_str);
+    fflush(nullptr);
+  }
+
+  return JVMTI_VISIT_OBJECTS;
+}
+
+static jint JNICALL
+primitive_field_callback(jvmtiHeapReferenceKind kind,
+                         const jvmtiHeapReferenceInfo* info,
+                         jlong object_class_tag,
+                         jlong* object_tag_ptr,
+                         jvalue value,
+                         jvmtiPrimitiveType value_type,
+                         void* user_data) {
+  Callback_Data* data = (Callback_Data*)user_data;
+  if (object_class_tag != 0) {
+    char value_str[64] = {};
+    switch (value_type) {
+    case JVMTI_PRIMITIVE_TYPE_BOOLEAN: snprintf(value_str, sizeof(value_str), "(boolean) %s", value.z ? "true" : "false"); break;
+    case JVMTI_PRIMITIVE_TYPE_BYTE:    snprintf(value_str, sizeof(value_str), "(byte) %d", value.b); break;
+    case JVMTI_PRIMITIVE_TYPE_CHAR:    snprintf(value_str, sizeof(value_str), "(char) %c", value.c); break;
+    case JVMTI_PRIMITIVE_TYPE_SHORT:   snprintf(value_str, sizeof(value_str), "(short): %d", value.s); break;
+    case JVMTI_PRIMITIVE_TYPE_INT:     snprintf(value_str, sizeof(value_str), "(int): %d", value.i); break;
+    case JVMTI_PRIMITIVE_TYPE_LONG:    snprintf(value_str, sizeof(value_str), "(long): %lld", (long long)value.j); break;
+    case JVMTI_PRIMITIVE_TYPE_FLOAT:   snprintf(value_str, sizeof(value_str), "(float): %f", value.f); break;
+    case JVMTI_PRIMITIVE_TYPE_DOUBLE:  snprintf(value_str, sizeof(value_str), "(double): %f", value.d);  break;
+    default: snprintf(value_str, sizeof(value_str), "invalid_type %d (%c)", (int)value_type, (char)value_type);
+    }
+
+    if (object_class_tag != 0 && object_class_tag <= MAX_TAG) {
+      data->primitive_counters[object_class_tag]++;
+      if (*object_tag_ptr != 0) {
+        *object_tag_ptr = *object_tag_ptr;
+      }
+    }
+
+    printf("primitive_field_callback: kind = %d, class_tag = %d (%s), tag = %d (%s), value = %s\n",
+           (int)kind, (int)object_class_tag, tag_str(object_class_tag),
+           (int)*object_tag_ptr, tag_str(*object_tag_ptr), value_str);
+    fflush(nullptr);
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static jint JNICALL
+array_primitive_value_callback(jlong class_tag,
+                               jlong size,
+                               jlong* tag_ptr,
+                               jint element_count,
+                               jvmtiPrimitiveType element_type,
+                               const void* elements,
+                               void* user_data) {
+  Callback_Data* data = (Callback_Data*)user_data;
+  if (class_tag != 0 || *tag_ptr != 0) {
+    printf("array_primitive_value_callback: class_tag = %d (%s), tag = %d (%s), element_count = %d, element_type = %c\n",
+           (int)class_tag, tag_str(class_tag), (int)*tag_ptr, tag_str(*tag_ptr), element_count, (char)element_type);
+    fflush(nullptr);
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static jint JNICALL
+string_primitive_value_callback(jlong class_tag,
+                                jlong size,
+                                jlong* tag_ptr,
+                                const jchar* value,
+                                jint value_length,
+                                void* user_data) {
+  Callback_Data* data = (Callback_Data*)user_data;
+  if (class_tag != 0 || *tag_ptr != 0) {
+    jchar value_copy[1024] = {}; // fills with 0
+    if (value_length > 1023) {
+      value_length = 1023;
+    }
+    memcpy(value_copy, value, value_length * sizeof(jchar));
+    printf("string_primitive_value_callback: class_tag = %d (%s), tag = %d (%s), value=\"%ls\"\n",
+           (int)class_tag, tag_str(class_tag), (int)*tag_ptr, tag_str(*tag_ptr), (wchar_t*)value_copy);
+    fflush(nullptr);
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+Java_ValueHeapwalkingTest_followReferences(JNIEnv* jni_env, jclass clazz) {
+  jvmtiHeapCallbacks callbacks = {};
+  callbacks.heap_iteration_callback = heap_iteration_callback;
+  callbacks.heap_reference_callback = heap_reference_callback;
+  callbacks.primitive_field_callback = primitive_field_callback;
+  callbacks.array_primitive_value_callback = array_primitive_value_callback;
+  callbacks.string_primitive_value_callback = string_primitive_value_callback;
+
+  jvmtiError err = jvmti->FollowReferences(0 /* filter nothing */,
+                                           nullptr /* no class filter */,
+                                           nullptr /* no initial object, follow roots */,
+                                           &callbacks,
+                                           &callbackData);
+  check_jvmti_error(err, "FollowReferences failed");
+}
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+Java_ValueHeapwalkingTest_iterateThroughHeap(JNIEnv* jni_env, jclass clazz) {
+  jvmtiHeapCallbacks callbacks = {};
+  callbacks.heap_iteration_callback = heap_iteration_callback;
+  callbacks.heap_reference_callback = heap_reference_callback;
+  callbacks.primitive_field_callback = primitive_field_callback;
+  callbacks.array_primitive_value_callback = array_primitive_value_callback;
+  callbacks.string_primitive_value_callback = string_primitive_value_callback;
+
+  jvmtiError err = jvmti->IterateThroughHeap(0 /* filter nothing */,
+                                             nullptr /* no class filter */,
+                                             &callbacks,
+                                             &callbackData);
+  check_jvmti_error(err, "IterateThroughHeap failed");
+}
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Java_ValueHeapwalkingTest_getObjectWithTags(JNIEnv* jni_env, jclass clazz, jlong minTag, jlong maxTag, jobjectArray objects, jlongArray tags) {
+  jsize len = jni_env->GetArrayLength(objects);
+
+  jint tag_count = (jint)(maxTag - minTag + 1);
+  jlong* scan_tags = nullptr;
+  check_jvmti_error(jvmti->Allocate(tag_count * sizeof(jlong), (unsigned char**)&scan_tags),
+                    "Allocate failed");
+
+  for (jlong i = 0; i < tag_count; i++) {
+      scan_tags[i] = i + minTag;
+  }
+
+  jint count = 0;
+  jobject* object_result = nullptr;
+  jlong* tag_result = nullptr;
+
+  check_jvmti_error(jvmti->GetObjectsWithTags(tag_count, scan_tags, &count, &object_result, &tag_result),
+                    "GetObjectsWithTags failed");
+
+  if (count > len) {
+    printf("GetObjectsWithTags returned too many entries: %d (object length is %d)\n", count, (int)len);
+    fflush(nullptr);
+    abort();
+  }
+
+  for (jint i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+    jni_env->SetObjectArrayElement(objects, i, object_result[i]);
+  }
+  jni_env->SetLongArrayRegion(tags, 0, count, tag_result);
+
+  jvmti->Deallocate((unsigned char*)scan_tags);
+  jvmti->Deallocate((unsigned char*)object_result);
+  jvmti->Deallocate((unsigned char*)tag_result);
+
+  return count;
+}
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Agent_OnLoad(JavaVM *vm, char *options, void *reserved) {
+  if (vm->GetEnv(reinterpret_cast<void **>(&jvmti), JVMTI_VERSION) != JNI_OK || !jvmti) {
+    LOG("Could not initialize JVMTI\n");
+    abort();
+  }
+  jvmtiCapabilities capabilities;
+  memset(&capabilities, 0, sizeof(capabilities));
+  capabilities.can_tag_objects = 1;
+  check_jvmti_error(jvmti->AddCapabilities(&capabilities), "adding capabilities");
+  return JVMTI_ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/SampledObjectAllocValue/SampledObjectAllocValue.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/SampledObjectAllocValue/SampledObjectAllocValue.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..11c12cdfa96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/SampledObjectAllocValue/SampledObjectAllocValue.java
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8381063
+ * @summary Verify that null is passed for jobject parameter to JVMTI SampledObjectAlloc event callbacks.
+ * @requires vm.jvmti
+ *
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm/native -agentlib:SampledObjectAllocValue SampledObjectAllocValue
+ * @run main/othervm/native -agentlib:SampledObjectAllocValue=can_support_value_objects SampledObjectAllocValue
+ */
+
+public class SampledObjectAllocValue {
+
+    private static value class ValueClass {
+        public long x;
+        public long y;
+
+        public ValueClass(long arg1, long arg2) {
+          x = arg1; y = arg2;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static ValueClass[] tmp = new ValueClass[100];
+
+    private static native void enableEvents(Thread thread, Class testedClass);
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        enableEvents(Thread.currentThread(), ValueClass.class);
+        // Allocate value objects to trigger JVMTI SampledObjectAlloc events.
+        // Here we assume that flat array layout is not used for ValueClass objects.
+        for (int i = 0; i < tmp.length; i++) {
+            tmp[i] = new ValueClass(i, i + 100);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/SampledObjectAllocValue/libSampledObjectAllocValue.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/SampledObjectAllocValue/libSampledObjectAllocValue.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5511de5b8c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/SampledObjectAllocValue/libSampledObjectAllocValue.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <string.h>
+#include "jvmti.h"
+#include "jvmti_common.hpp"
+
+#include <atomic>
+
+extern "C" {
+
+static std::atomic<int> events_counter(0);
+static jvmtiEnv* jvmti;
+static jclass expected_class;
+static bool expect_events = false;
+
+static bool
+is_test_class(jvmtiEnv* jvmti, JNIEnv* jni, jclass cls) {
+  char* sig = nullptr;
+  check_jvmti_error(jvmti->GetClassSignature(cls, &sig, nullptr), "GetClassSignature");
+
+  LOG("Object class: %s\n", sig);
+  jvmti->Deallocate((unsigned char *)sig);
+  bool res = (jni->IsSameObject(cls, expected_class) == JNI_TRUE);
+  return res;
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+Java_SampledObjectAllocValue_enableEvents(JNIEnv* jni, jclass klass, jthread thread, jclass tested_class) {
+  if (events_counter != 0) {
+    fatal(jni, "SampledObjectAlloc events counter should be zero");
+  }
+  LOG("enableEvents: events_counter: %d\n", events_counter.load());
+
+  expected_class = (jclass)jni->NewGlobalRef(tested_class);
+  jvmtiError err = jvmti->SetEventNotificationMode(JVMTI_ENABLE, JVMTI_EVENT_SAMPLED_OBJECT_ALLOC, thread);
+  check_jvmti_error(err, "SetEventNotificationMode for SAMPLED_OBJECT_ALLOC");
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+SampledObjectAlloc(jvmtiEnv* jvmti, JNIEnv* jni, jthread thread, jobject object, jclass klass, jlong size) {
+  if (klass == nullptr) {
+    fatal(jni, "klass in SampledObjectAlloc callback is not expected to be null");
+  }
+  if (!is_test_class(jvmti, jni, klass)) {
+    return; // interested in tested class only
+  }
+  if (size == 0L) {
+    fatal(jni, "size in SampledObjectAlloc callback is not expected to be 0");
+  }
+  if (object != nullptr) {
+    fatal(jni, "object in SampledObjectAlloc callback is expected to be null for value object allocations");
+  }
+  events_counter++;
+  LOG("SampledObjectAlloc: events_counter: %d\n", events_counter.load());
+}
+
+void JNICALL
+VMDeath(jvmtiEnv* jvmti, JNIEnv* jni) {
+  jvmtiError err = jvmti->SetEventNotificationMode(JVMTI_DISABLE, JVMTI_EVENT_SAMPLED_OBJECT_ALLOC, nullptr);
+  check_jvmti_error(err, "SetEventNotificationMode for SAMPLED_OBJECT_ALLOC");
+
+  LOG("VMDeath: expect_events: %d events_counter: %d\n", expect_events, events_counter.load());
+
+  if (expect_events && events_counter == 0) {
+    fatal(jni, "SampledObjectAlloc events counter shouldn't be zero");
+  }
+  if (!expect_events && events_counter != 0) {
+    fatal(jni, "SampledObjectAlloc events counter should be zero");
+  }
+}
+
+jint Agent_Initialize(JavaVM *jvm, char *options, void *reserved) {
+  bool support_value_objects = options != nullptr && strcmp(options, "can_support_value_objects") == 0;
+  jvmtiCapabilities caps;
+  jvmtiEventCallbacks callbacks;
+  jvmtiError err;
+  jint res;
+
+  LOG("Agent_Initialize\n");
+  res = jvm->GetEnv((void **) &jvmti, JVMTI_VERSION_9);
+  if (res != JNI_OK || jvmti == nullptr) {
+    LOG("Wrong result of a valid call to GetEnv!\n");
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+
+  memset(&caps, 0, sizeof(caps));
+  caps.can_generate_sampled_object_alloc_events = 1;
+  if (support_value_objects) {
+    caps.can_support_value_objects = 1;
+    expect_events = true;
+  }
+
+  if (jvmti->AddCapabilities(&caps) != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+
+  memset(&callbacks, 0, sizeof(callbacks));
+  callbacks.VMDeath = &VMDeath;
+  callbacks.SampledObjectAlloc = &SampledObjectAlloc;
+
+  err = jvmti->SetEventCallbacks(&callbacks, sizeof(callbacks));
+  check_jvmti_error(err, "SetEventCallbacks");
+
+  // Interval should be small enough to trigger sampling event.
+  err = jvmti->SetHeapSamplingInterval(100);
+  check_jvmti_error(err, "SetHeapSamplingInterval");
+
+  err = jvmti->SetEventNotificationMode(JVMTI_ENABLE, JVMTI_EVENT_VM_DEATH, nullptr);
+  check_jvmti_error(err, "SetEventNotificationMode for VM_DEATH");
+
+  return JNI_OK;
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Agent_OnLoad(JavaVM *jvm, char *options, void *reserved) {
+  return Agent_Initialize(jvm, options, reserved);
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Agent_OnAttach(JavaVM *jvm, char *options, void *reserved) {
+  return Agent_Initialize(jvm, options, reserved);
+}
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/SetTag/ValueTagMapTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/SetTag/ValueTagMapTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..932bc2b08e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/SetTag/ValueTagMapTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Tests SetTag/GetTag functionality for value objects.
+ * @requires vm.jvmti
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm/native -agentlib:ValueTagMapTest
+ *                          -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                          -XX:+PrintInlineLayout
+ *                          -XX:+PrintFlatArrayLayout
+ *                          -Xlog:jvmti+table
+ *                          ValueTagMapTest
+ */
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+public class ValueTagMapTest {
+
+    private static value class ValueClass {
+        public int f;
+        public ValueClass(int v) { f = v + 1; }
+        public String toString() {
+            return String.valueOf(f);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static value class ValueHolder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueClass f0;
+
+        public ValueHolder(int v) {
+            f0 = new ValueClass(v);
+        }
+        public String toString() {
+            return "holder{" + f0 + "}";
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static value class ValueHolder2 {
+        public ValueHolder f1;
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueHolder f2;
+
+        public ValueHolder2(int v, int v2) {
+            f1 = new ValueHolder(v);
+            f2 = new ValueHolder(v2);
+        }
+        public ValueHolder2(ValueHolder h1, int v2) {
+            f1 = h1;
+            f2 = new ValueHolder(v2);
+        }
+        public String toString() {
+            return "holder2{" + f1 + ", " + f2 + "}";
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    private static native void setTag0(Object object, long tag);
+    private static void setTag(Object object, long tag) {
+        setTag0(object, tag);
+    }
+    private static native long getTag0(Object object);
+    private static long getTag(Object object) {
+        long tag = getTag0(object);
+        if (tag == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Zero tag for object " + object);
+        }
+        return tag;
+    }
+
+    private static void testGetTag(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        long tag1 = getTag(o1);
+        long tag2 = getTag(o2);
+        if (o1 == o2) {
+            if (tag1 != tag2) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("different tags for equal objects: "
+                                           + o1 + " (tag " + tag1 + "), "
+                                           + o2 + " (tag " + tag2 + ")");
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (tag1 == tag2) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("equal tags for different objects: "
+                                           + o1 + " (tag " + tag1 + "), "
+                                           + o2 + " (tag " + tag2 + ")");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        System.loadLibrary("ValueTagMapTest");
+        List<ValueHolder2> items = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
+            items.add(new ValueHolder2(i % 4, i % 8));
+        }
+
+        long startTime = System.nanoTime();
+        long tag = 1;
+        for (ValueHolder2 item : items) {
+            setTag(item, tag++);
+            setTag(item.f1, tag++);
+            setTag(item.f2, tag++);
+        }
+
+        for (ValueHolder2 item: items) {
+            long tag0 = getTag(item);
+            long tag1 = getTag(item.f1);
+            long tag2 = getTag(item.f2);
+            System.out.println("getTag (" + item + "): " + tag0 + ", f1: " + tag1 + ", f2:" + tag2);
+        }
+
+        startTime = System.nanoTime();
+        for (ValueHolder2 item1: items) {
+            for (ValueHolder2 item2 : items) {
+                testGetTag(item1, item2);
+                testGetTag(item1.f1, item2.f1);
+                testGetTag(item1.f2, item2.f2);
+                testGetTag(item1.f1, item2.f2);
+                testGetTag(item1.f2, item2.f1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/SetTag/libValueTagMapTest.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/SetTag/libValueTagMapTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4996c6e8a50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/SetTag/libValueTagMapTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <jvmti.h>
+#include "jvmti_common.hpp"
+
+namespace {
+
+jvmtiEnv *jvmti = nullptr;
+
+}
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_ValueTagMapTest_setTag0(JNIEnv* jni_env, jclass clazz, jobject object, jlong tag) {
+  jvmtiError err = jvmti->SetTag(object, tag);
+  check_jvmti_error(err, "could not set tag");
+}
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT jlong JNICALL Java_ValueTagMapTest_getTag0(JNIEnv* jni_env, jclass clazz, jobject object) {
+  jlong tag;
+  check_jvmti_error(jvmti->GetTag(object, &tag), "could not get tag");
+  return tag;
+}
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Agent_OnLoad(JavaVM *vm, char *options, void *reserved) {
+  if (vm->GetEnv(reinterpret_cast<void **>(&jvmti), JVMTI_VERSION) != JNI_OK || !jvmti) {
+    LOG("Could not initialize JVMTI\n");
+    abort();
+  }
+  jvmtiCapabilities capabilities;
+  memset(&capabilities, 0, sizeof(capabilities));
+  capabilities.can_tag_objects = 1;
+  check_jvmti_error(jvmti->AddCapabilities(&capabilities), "adding capabilities");
+  return JVMTI_ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/VMObjectAllocValue/VMObjectAllocValueTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/VMObjectAllocValue/VMObjectAllocValueTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..eccd06033d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/VMObjectAllocValue/VMObjectAllocValueTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @summary Verifies that a VMObjectAlloc event is generated for a value object created using MethodHandle
+ * @requires vm.jvmti
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm/native -agentlib:VMObjectAllocValueTest VMObjectAllocValueTest 0
+ * @run main/othervm/native -agentlib:VMObjectAllocValueTest=can_support_value_objects VMObjectAllocValueTest 1
+ */
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
+
+public value class VMObjectAllocValueTest {
+
+    private static native int getNumberOfAllocation();
+
+    public VMObjectAllocValueTest(String str) {
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
+
+        MethodHandles.Lookup publicLookup = MethodHandles.publicLookup();
+        MethodType mt = MethodType.methodType(void.class, String.class);
+        MethodHandle mh = publicLookup.findConstructor(VMObjectAllocValueTest.class, mt);
+        mh.invoke("str"); // to trigger a VMObjectAlloc event invoke ctor not from Java
+
+        int expected = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
+        int actual = getNumberOfAllocation();
+
+        if (actual != expected) {
+            throw new Exception("Number of allocations: expected: " + expected + ", got: " + actual);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/VMObjectAllocValue/libVMObjectAllocValueTest.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/VMObjectAllocValue/libVMObjectAllocValueTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c5b5f807e0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/valhalla/VMObjectAllocValue/libVMObjectAllocValueTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <string.h>
+#include "jvmti.h"
+#include "jvmti_common.hpp"
+
+extern "C" {
+
+static jvmtiEnv *jvmti = nullptr;
+static jrawMonitorID event_mon = nullptr;
+
+static int number_of_allocation = 0;
+
+extern JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+VMObjectAlloc(jvmtiEnv *jvmti,
+              JNIEnv* jni,
+              jthread thread,
+              jobject object,
+              jclass cls,
+              jlong size) {
+  RawMonitorLocker locker(jvmti, jni, event_mon);
+
+  char *sig = nullptr;
+  jvmtiError err = jvmti->GetClassSignature(cls, &sig, nullptr);
+  if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+    jni->FatalError("Failed during the GetClassSignature call");
+  }
+
+  if (strcmp(sig, "LVMObjectAllocValueTest;") == 0) {
+    LOG("VMObjectAlloc called for %s obj: %p\n", sig, (void*)object);
+    number_of_allocation++;
+    if (object != nullptr) {
+      fatal(jni, "Failed: object parameter for value object alloc is expected to be nullptr");
+    }
+  }
+  jvmti->Deallocate((unsigned char *)sig);
+}
+
+static void JNICALL
+VMDeath(jvmtiEnv *jvmti, JNIEnv* jni) {
+  RawMonitorLocker locker(jvmti, jni, event_mon);
+
+  LOG("VMDeath\n");
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Java_VMObjectAllocValueTest_getNumberOfAllocation(JNIEnv *env, jclass cls) {
+  return number_of_allocation;
+}
+
+extern JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Agent_OnLoad(JavaVM *jvm, char *options, void *reserved) {
+  bool support_value_objects = options != nullptr && strcmp(options, "can_support_value_objects") == 0;
+  jvmtiEventCallbacks callbacks;
+  jvmtiError err;
+  jvmtiCapabilities caps;
+
+  if (jvm->GetEnv((void **) &jvmti, JVMTI_VERSION) != JNI_OK) {
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+
+  err = jvmti->CreateRawMonitor("Event Monitor", &event_mon);
+  if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+    LOG("Agent_OnLoad: CreateRawMonitor failed: %d\n", err);
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+
+  memset(&callbacks, 0, sizeof(callbacks));
+  callbacks.VMObjectAlloc = &VMObjectAlloc;
+  callbacks.VMDeath = &VMDeath;
+  memset(&caps, 0, sizeof(caps));
+  caps.can_generate_vm_object_alloc_events = 1;
+  if (support_value_objects) {
+    caps.can_support_value_objects = 1;
+  }
+
+  err = jvmti->AddCapabilities( &caps);
+  if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+
+  err = jvmti->SetEventCallbacks(&callbacks, sizeof(jvmtiEventCallbacks));
+  if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+
+  err = jvmti->SetEventNotificationMode(JVMTI_ENABLE, JVMTI_EVENT_VM_OBJECT_ALLOC , nullptr);
+  if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+  err = jvmti->SetEventNotificationMode(JVMTI_ENABLE, JVMTI_EVENT_VM_DEATH, nullptr);
+  if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+
+  return JNI_OK;
+}
+
+} //extern "C"
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/vthread/ToggleNotifyJvmtiTest/ToggleNotifyJvmtiTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/vthread/ToggleNotifyJvmtiTest/ToggleNotifyJvmtiTest.java
index 0b003d90276..8332b06cadb 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/vthread/ToggleNotifyJvmtiTest/ToggleNotifyJvmtiTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/vthread/ToggleNotifyJvmtiTest/ToggleNotifyJvmtiTest.java
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
  * @summary Verifies JVMTI works for agents loaded into running VM
  * @requires vm.jvmti
  * @requires vm.continuations
- * @enablePreview
  * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  *
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/sa/TestInstanceKlassSize.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/sa/TestInstanceKlassSize.java
index d1ed4729d39..deabc946111 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/sa/TestInstanceKlassSize.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/sa/TestInstanceKlassSize.java
@@ -68,7 +68,6 @@ public class TestInstanceKlassSize {
                                                 "java.util.ArrayList",
                                                 "java.lang.String",
                                                 "java.lang.Thread",
-                                                "java.lang.Byte"
                                              };
 
     private static void startMeWithArgs() throws Exception {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/asm/org/objectweb/asm/Opcodes.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/asm/org/objectweb/asm/Opcodes.java
index da68deacf90..97b128aa7dd 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/asm/org/objectweb/asm/Opcodes.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/asm/org/objectweb/asm/Opcodes.java
@@ -337,6 +337,7 @@ public interface Opcodes {
     int ACC_STATIC = 0x0008; // field, method
     int ACC_FINAL = 0x0010; // class, field, method, parameter
     int ACC_SUPER = 0x0020; // class
+    int ACC_IDENTITY = 0x0020; // class
     int ACC_SYNCHRONIZED = 0x0020; // method
     int ACC_OPEN = 0x0020; // module
     int ACC_TRANSITIVE = 0x0020; // module requires
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/ProductionParams.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/ProductionParams.java
index 87b5f23f58c..eacebe2a578 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/ProductionParams.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/ProductionParams.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ public class ProductionParams {
     public static Option<Boolean> enableFinalizers = null;
     // workaraound: to reduce chance throwing ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
     public static Option<Integer> chanceExpressionIndex = null;
+    public static Option<Integer> identityValueClassBalance = null;
     public static Option<String> testbaseDir = null;
     public static Option<String> tempDir = null;
     public static Option<Integer> numberOfTests = null;
@@ -129,6 +130,7 @@ public static void register(OptionResolver optionResolver) {
         disableArrays = optionResolver.addBooleanOption("disable-arrays", "Disable generation of arrays");
         enableFinalizers = optionResolver.addBooleanOption("enable-finalizers", "Enable finalizers (for stress testing)");
         chanceExpressionIndex = optionResolver.addIntegerOption("chance-expression-index", 0, "A non negative decimal integer used to restrict chane of generating expression in array index while creating or accessing by index");
+        identityValueClassBalance = optionResolver.addIntegerOption("identity-value-class-balance", 80, "Balance (0..100) between identity and value class generation: 0=identity only, 50=equal, 100=value only");
         testbaseDir = optionResolver.addStringOption("testbase-dir", ".", "Testbase dir");
         tempDir = optionResolver.addStringOption("temp-dir", ".", "Temp dir path");
         numberOfTests = optionResolver.addIntegerOption('n', "number-of-tests", 0, "Number of test classes to generate");
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/TestsGenerator.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/TestsGenerator.java
index 3eee8e5a021..b7616e33ba8 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/TestsGenerator.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/TestsGenerator.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -174,6 +174,7 @@ private static String typeDescription(TypeKlass type) {
         String parents = type.getParentsNames().stream().collect(Collectors.joining(","));
         result.append(type.isAbstract() ? "abstract " : "")
               .append(type.isFinal() ? "final " : "")
+              .append(type.isValueKlass() ? "value " : "")
               .append(type.isInterface() ? "interface " : "class ")
               .append(type.getName())
               .append(parents.isEmpty() ? "" : ": " + parents);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/classes/ValueKlass.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/classes/ValueKlass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..510bbe7629e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/classes/ValueKlass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package jdk.test.lib.jittester.classes;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.IRNode;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.types.TypeKlass;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.visitors.Visitor;
+
+
+/**
+ * A simple POJO representing Value Class in the AST.
+ */
+public class ValueKlass extends Klass {
+
+    /** Creates a ValueKlass AST node.
+     *
+     * @param thisKlass this class' TypeClass
+     * @param parent parent class TypeClass
+     * @param interfaces a list of interfaces the value class implements
+     * @param name name for the create type
+     * @param level depth level
+     * @param variableDeclarations variables of the class
+     * @param constructorDefinitions constructors
+     * @param functionDefinitions method definitions
+     * @param abstractFunctionRedefinitions redefinitions of abstract methods
+     * @param overridenFunctionRedefitions overriden methods
+     * @param functionDeclarations methods declarations
+     * @param printVariablesBlock print variables block
+     */
+    public ValueKlass(TypeKlass thisKlass, TypeKlass parent,
+            ArrayList<TypeKlass> interfaces, String name, int level,
+            IRNode variableDeclarations, IRNode constructorDefinitions,
+            IRNode functionDefinitions, IRNode abstractFunctionRedefinitions,
+            IRNode overridenFunctionRedefitions, IRNode functionDeclarations,
+            IRNode printVariablesBlock) {
+        super(thisKlass, parent, interfaces, name, level,
+                variableDeclarations, constructorDefinitions, functionDefinitions,
+                abstractFunctionRedefinitions, overridenFunctionRedefitions,
+                functionDeclarations, printVariablesBlock);
+    }
+
+    /** Forwards this node to a visitor.
+     *
+     * @param v visitor to forward to
+     */
+    @Override
+    public<T> T accept(Visitor<T> v) {
+        return v.visit(this);
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/AbstractKlassFactory.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/AbstractKlassFactory.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2a6a58e86df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/AbstractKlassFactory.java
@@ -0,0 +1,300 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package jdk.test.lib.jittester.factories;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.IRNode;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.ProductionFailedException;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.ProductionParams;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.Symbol;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.SymbolTable;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.Type;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.TypeList;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.VariableInfo;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.classes.Klass;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.functions.FunctionDeclarationBlock;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.functions.FunctionDefinition;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.functions.FunctionInfo;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.types.TypeKlass;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.utils.PseudoRandom;
+
+abstract class AbstractKlassFactory<T extends Klass> extends Factory<T> {
+    private final String name;
+    private final long complexityLimit;
+    private final int statementsInFunctionLimit;
+    private final int operatorLimit;
+    private final int memberFunctionsArgLimit;
+    private final int level;
+    private final ArrayList<TypeKlass> interfaces;
+    private TypeKlass thisKlass;
+    private TypeKlass parent;
+    private int memberFunctionsLimit;
+    protected double abstractProbabilityAdjustment;
+
+    AbstractKlassFactory(String name, long complexityLimit,
+            int memberFunctionsLimit, int memberFunctionsArgLimit, int statementsInFunctionLimit,
+            int operatorLimit, int level) {
+        this.name = name;
+        this.complexityLimit = complexityLimit;
+        this.memberFunctionsLimit = memberFunctionsLimit;
+        this.memberFunctionsArgLimit = memberFunctionsArgLimit;
+        this.statementsInFunctionLimit = statementsInFunctionLimit;
+        this.operatorLimit = operatorLimit;
+        this.level = level;
+        interfaces = new ArrayList<>();
+        abstractProbabilityAdjustment = 0.2; // Probability to consider making class abstract
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public final T produce() throws ProductionFailedException {
+        HashSet<Symbol> abstractSet = new HashSet<>();
+        HashSet<Symbol> overrideSet = new HashSet<>();
+        thisKlass = createThisKlass(name);
+
+        // Do we want to inherit something?
+        if (!ProductionParams.disableInheritance.value()) {
+            inheritClass();
+            inheritInterfaces();
+            // Now, we should carefully construct a set of all methods with are still abstract.
+            // In order to do that, we will make two sets of methods: abstract and non-abstract.
+            // Then by substracting non-abstract from abstract we'll get what we want.
+            HashSet<Symbol> nonAbstractSet = new HashSet<>();
+            for (Symbol symbol : SymbolTable.getAllCombined(thisKlass, FunctionInfo.class)) {
+                FunctionInfo functionInfo = (FunctionInfo) symbol;
+                // There could be multiple definitions or declarations encountered,
+                // but all we interested in are signatures.
+                if ((functionInfo.flags & FunctionInfo.ABSTRACT) > 0) {
+                    abstractSet.add(functionInfo);
+                } else {
+                    nonAbstractSet.add(functionInfo);
+                }
+            }
+            abstractSet.removeAll(nonAbstractSet);
+
+            if (PseudoRandom.randomBoolean(abstractProbabilityAdjustment)
+               && (abstractSet.removeIf((_unused) -> PseudoRandom.randomBoolean(0.2)))) {
+                    thisKlass.setAbstract();
+            }
+
+            if (PseudoRandom.randomBoolean(0.2)) {
+                int redefineLimit = (int) (memberFunctionsLimit * PseudoRandom.random());
+                if (redefineLimit > 0) {
+                    // We may also select some functions from the hierarchy that we want
+                    // to redefine..
+                    int i = 0;
+                    for (Symbol symbol : getShuffledOverrideCandidates(nonAbstractSet)) {
+                        if (++i > redefineLimit) {
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        FunctionInfo functionInfo = (FunctionInfo) symbol;
+                        if ((functionInfo.flags & FunctionInfo.FINAL) > 0) {
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                        overrideSet.add(functionInfo);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            memberFunctionsLimit -= abstractSet.size() + overrideSet.size();
+            // Ok, remove the symbols from the table which are going to be overrided.
+            // Because the redefiner would probably modify them and put them back into table.
+            for (Symbol symbol : abstractSet) {
+                SymbolTable.remove(symbol);
+            }
+            for (Symbol symbol : overrideSet) {
+                SymbolTable.remove(symbol);
+            }
+        } else {
+            parent = TypeList.OBJECT;
+            thisKlass.addParent(parent.getName());
+            thisKlass.setParent(parent);
+            parent.addChild(name);
+        }
+        VariableInfo thizzVariable = new VariableInfo("this", thisKlass, thisKlass,
+                VariableInfo.FINAL | VariableInfo.LOCAL | VariableInfo.INITIALIZED);
+        SymbolTable.add(thizzVariable);
+
+        IRNode variableDeclarations = null;
+        IRNode constructorDefinitions = null;
+        IRNode functionDefinitions = null;
+        IRNode functionDeclarations = null;
+        IRNode abstractFunctionsRedefinitions = null;
+        IRNode overridenFunctionsRedefinitions = null;
+        IRNodeBuilder builder = new IRNodeBuilder().setOwnerKlass(thisKlass)
+                .setExceptionSafe(true);
+        try {
+            builder.setLevel(level + 1)
+                    .setOperatorLimit(operatorLimit)
+                    .setStatementLimit(statementsInFunctionLimit)
+                    .setMemberFunctionsArgLimit(memberFunctionsArgLimit);
+            variableDeclarations = produceVariableDeclarations(builder,
+                    (long) (complexityLimit * 0.001 * PseudoRandom.random()));
+            if (!ProductionParams.disableFunctions.value()) {
+                // Try to implement all methods.
+                abstractFunctionsRedefinitions = builder.setComplexityLimit((long) (complexityLimit * 0.3 * PseudoRandom.random()))
+                        .setLevel(level + 1)
+                        .getFunctionRedefinitionBlockFactory(abstractSet)
+                        .produce();
+                overridenFunctionsRedefinitions = builder.setComplexityLimit((long) (complexityLimit * 0.3 * PseudoRandom.random()))
+                        .getFunctionRedefinitionBlockFactory(overrideSet)
+                        .produce();
+                if (PseudoRandom.randomBoolean(0.2)) { // wanna be abstract ?
+                    functionDeclarations = builder.setMemberFunctionsLimit((int) (memberFunctionsLimit * 0.2
+                                    * PseudoRandom.random()))
+                            .getFunctionDeclarationBlockFactory()
+                            .produce();
+                    if (((FunctionDeclarationBlock) functionDeclarations).size() > 0) {
+                        thisKlass.setAbstract();
+                    }
+                }
+                functionDefinitions = produceFunctionDefinitions(builder,
+                        (long) (complexityLimit * 0.5 * PseudoRandom.random()),
+                        (int) (memberFunctionsLimit * 0.6 * PseudoRandom.random()));
+
+                constructorDefinitions = builder
+                        .setComplexityLimit((long) (complexityLimit * 0.2 * PseudoRandom.random()))
+                        .setMemberFunctionsLimit((int) (memberFunctionsLimit * 0.2 * PseudoRandom.random()))
+                        .setStatementLimit(statementsInFunctionLimit)
+                        .setOperatorLimit(operatorLimit)
+                        .setLevel(level + 1)
+                        .getConstructorDefinitionBlockFactory()
+                        .produce();
+            }
+        } catch (ProductionFailedException e) {
+            System.out.println("Exception during klass production process:");
+            e.printStackTrace(System.out);
+            throw e;
+        } finally {
+            SymbolTable.remove(new Symbol("this", thisKlass, thisKlass, VariableInfo.NONE));
+        }
+
+        finalizeClassFlags(thisKlass);
+        TypeList.add(thisKlass);
+        IRNode printVariables = builder.setLevel(2).getPrintVariablesFactory().produce();
+        return createKlassNode(thisKlass, parent, interfaces, name, level,
+                variableDeclarations, constructorDefinitions, functionDefinitions,
+                abstractFunctionsRedefinitions, overridenFunctionsRedefinitions,
+                functionDeclarations, printVariables);
+    }
+
+    protected abstract TypeKlass createThisKlass(String name);
+
+    protected abstract boolean canInheritFrom(Type type);
+
+    protected abstract IRNode produceVariableDeclarations(IRNodeBuilder builder, long complexity)
+            throws ProductionFailedException;
+
+    protected IRNode produceFunctionDefinitions(IRNodeBuilder builder, long complexity, int memberLimit)
+            throws ProductionFailedException {
+        return builder.setComplexityLimit(complexity)
+                .setMemberFunctionsLimit(memberLimit)
+                .setFlags(FunctionInfo.NONE)
+                .getFunctionDefinitionBlockFactory()
+                .produce();
+    }
+
+    protected ArrayList<Symbol> getShuffledOverrideCandidates(HashSet<Symbol> nonAbstractSet) {
+        ArrayList<Symbol> candidates = new ArrayList<>(nonAbstractSet);
+        PseudoRandom.shuffle(candidates);
+        return candidates;
+    }
+
+    protected abstract void finalizeClassFlags(TypeKlass thisKlass);
+
+    protected abstract T createKlassNode(TypeKlass thisKlass, TypeKlass parent,
+            ArrayList<TypeKlass> interfaces, String name, int level,
+            IRNode variableDeclarations, IRNode constructorDefinitions,
+            IRNode functionDefinitions, IRNode abstractFunctionRedefinitions,
+            IRNode overridenFunctionRedefinitions, IRNode functionDeclarations,
+            IRNode printVariables);
+
+    private void inheritClass() {
+        // Grab all Klasses from the TypeList and select one to be a parent
+        LinkedList<Type> probableParents = new LinkedList<>(TypeList.getAll());
+        for (Iterator<Type> i = probableParents.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
+            if (!canInheritFrom(i.next())) {
+                i.remove();
+            }
+        }
+        if (probableParents.isEmpty()) {
+            parent = TypeList.OBJECT;
+        } else {
+            parent = (TypeKlass) PseudoRandom.randomElement(probableParents);
+        }
+        thisKlass.addParent(parent.getName());
+        thisKlass.setParent(parent);
+        parent.addChild(thisKlass.getName());
+        for (Symbol symbol : SymbolTable.getAllCombined(parent)) {
+            if ((symbol.flags & Symbol.PRIVATE) == 0) {
+                Symbol symbolCopy = symbol.deepCopy();
+                if (symbolCopy instanceof FunctionInfo) {
+                    FunctionInfo functionInfo = (FunctionInfo) symbolCopy;
+                    if (functionInfo.isConstructor()) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    if ((functionInfo.flags & FunctionInfo.STATIC) == 0) {
+                        functionInfo.argTypes.get(0).type = thisKlass;
+                    }
+                }
+                symbolCopy.owner = thisKlass;
+                SymbolTable.add(symbolCopy);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void inheritInterfaces() {
+        // Select interfaces that we'll implement.
+        LinkedList<Type> probableInterfaces = new LinkedList<>(TypeList.getAll());
+        for (Iterator<Type> i = probableInterfaces.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
+            Type klass = i.next();
+            if (!(klass instanceof TypeKlass) || !((TypeKlass) klass).isInterface()) {
+                i.remove();
+            }
+        }
+        PseudoRandom.shuffle(probableInterfaces);
+        int implLimit = (int) (ProductionParams.implementationLimit.value() * PseudoRandom.random());
+        // Mulitiple inheritance compatibility check
+        compatibility_check:
+        for (Iterator<Type> i = probableInterfaces.iterator(); i.hasNext() && implLimit > 0; implLimit--) {
+            TypeKlass iface = (TypeKlass) i.next();
+            ArrayList<Symbol> ifaceFuncSet = SymbolTable.getAllCombined(iface, FunctionInfo.class);
+            for (Symbol symbol : SymbolTable.getAllCombined(thisKlass, FunctionInfo.class)) {
+                if (FunctionDefinition.isInvalidOverride((FunctionInfo) symbol, ifaceFuncSet)) {
+                    continue compatibility_check;
+                }
+            }
+            interfaces.add(iface);
+            iface.addChild(thisKlass.getName());
+            thisKlass.addParent(iface.getName());
+            for (Symbol symbol : SymbolTable.getAllCombined(iface, FunctionInfo.class)) {
+                FunctionInfo functionInfo = (FunctionInfo) symbol.deepCopy();
+                functionInfo.owner = thisKlass;
+                functionInfo.argTypes.get(0).type = thisKlass;
+                SymbolTable.add(functionInfo);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/ClassDefinitionBlockFactory.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/ClassDefinitionBlockFactory.java
index f2c5af8ebc5..cebdbbe8196 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/ClassDefinitionBlockFactory.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/ClassDefinitionBlockFactory.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -64,6 +64,8 @@ class ClassDefinitionBlockFactory extends Factory<ClassDefinitionBlock> {
     @Override
     public ClassDefinitionBlock produce() throws ProductionFailedException {
         ArrayList<IRNode> content = new ArrayList<>();
+        int identityValueClassBalance = Math.max(0, Math.min(100,
+                ProductionParams.identityValueClassBalance.value()));
         int limit = (int) Math.ceil(PseudoRandom.random() * classesLimit);
         if (limit > 0) {
             long classCompl = complexityLimit / limit;
@@ -75,9 +77,17 @@ public ClassDefinitionBlock produce() throws ProductionFailedException {
             for (int i = 0; i < limit; i++) {
                 try {
                     Rule<IRNode> rule = new Rule<>("class");
-                    rule.add("basic_class", builder.setName(prefix + "_Class_" + i)
-                            .setMemberFunctionsLimit(memberFunctionsLimit)
-                            .getKlassFactory());
+                    int identityClassWeight = 100 - identityValueClassBalance;
+                    if (identityClassWeight > 0) {
+                        rule.add("identity_class", builder.setName(prefix + "_Class_" + i)
+                                .setMemberFunctionsLimit(memberFunctionsLimit)
+                                .getKlassFactory(), identityClassWeight);
+                    }
+                    if (identityValueClassBalance > 0) {
+                        rule.add("value_class", builder.setName(prefix + "_Value_Class_" + i)
+                                .setMemberFunctionsLimit(memberFunctionsLimit)
+                                .getValueKlassFactory(), identityValueClassBalance);
+                    }
                     if (!ProductionParams.disableInterfaces.value()) {
                         rule.add("interface", builder.setName(prefix + "_Interface_" + i)
                                 .setMemberFunctionsLimit((int) (memberFunctionsLimit * 0.2))
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/DeclarationFactory.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/DeclarationFactory.java
index c88809090d7..d121233824a 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/DeclarationFactory.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/DeclarationFactory.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -37,14 +37,21 @@ class DeclarationFactory extends Factory<Declaration> {
     private final boolean isLocal;
     private final boolean exceptionSafe;
     private final TypeKlass ownerClass;
+    private final boolean isConstant;
 
     DeclarationFactory(TypeKlass ownerClass, long complexityLimit,
             int operatorLimit, boolean isLocal, boolean safe) {
+        this(ownerClass, complexityLimit, operatorLimit, isLocal, safe, /* isConstant */ false);
+    }
+
+    DeclarationFactory(TypeKlass ownerClass, long complexityLimit,
+            int operatorLimit, boolean isLocal, boolean safe, boolean isConstant) {
         this.ownerClass = ownerClass;
         this.isLocal = isLocal;
         this.exceptionSafe = safe;
         this.complexityLimit = complexityLimit;
         this.operatorLimit = operatorLimit;
+        this.isConstant = isConstant;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -57,13 +64,15 @@ public Declaration produce() throws ProductionFailedException {
                 .setOperatorLimit(operatorLimit)
                 .setIsLocal(isLocal)
                 .setExceptionSafe(exceptionSafe);
-        rule.add("decl", builder
-                .setIsStatic(false)
-                .getVariableDeclarationFactory());
-        rule.add("decl_and_init", builder
-                .setIsConstant(false)
-                .setIsStatic(false)
-                .getVariableInitializationFactory());
+        if (!isConstant) {
+            rule.add("decl", builder
+                    .setIsStatic(false)
+                    .getVariableDeclarationFactory());
+            rule.add("decl_and_init", builder
+                    .setIsConstant(false)
+                    .setIsStatic(false)
+                    .getVariableInitializationFactory());
+        }
         if (!ProductionParams.disableFinalVariables.value()) {
             rule.add("const_decl_and_init", builder
                     .setIsConstant(true)
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/FunctionDefinitionBlockFactory.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/FunctionDefinitionBlockFactory.java
index 541d7a48290..19ace1e7960 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/FunctionDefinitionBlockFactory.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/FunctionDefinitionBlockFactory.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -42,12 +42,13 @@ class FunctionDefinitionBlockFactory extends Factory<FunctionDefinitionBlock> {
     private final int memberFunctionsLimit;
     private final int memberFunctionsArgLimit;
     private final int initialFlags;
+    private final boolean isSynchronizedAllowed;
     private final int level;
     private final TypeKlass ownerClass;
 
     FunctionDefinitionBlockFactory(TypeKlass ownerClass, int memberFunctionsLimit,
             int memberFunctionsArgLimit, long complexityLimit, int statementLimit,
-            int operatorLimit, int level, int initialFlags) {
+            int operatorLimit, int level, int initialFlags, boolean isSynchronizedAllowed) {
         this.ownerClass = ownerClass;
         this.memberFunctionsLimit = memberFunctionsLimit;
         this.memberFunctionsArgLimit = memberFunctionsArgLimit;
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ class FunctionDefinitionBlockFactory extends Factory<FunctionDefinitionBlock> {
         this.operatorLimit = operatorLimit;
         this.level = level;
         this.initialFlags = initialFlags;
+        this.isSynchronizedAllowed = isSynchronizedAllowed;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -81,7 +83,7 @@ public FunctionDefinitionBlock produce() throws ProductionFailedException {
                 if (PseudoRandom.randomBoolean()) {
                     flags |= FunctionInfo.NONRECURSIVE;
                 }
-                if (PseudoRandom.randomBoolean()) {
+                if (isSynchronizedAllowed && PseudoRandom.randomBoolean()) {
                     flags |= FunctionInfo.SYNCHRONIZED;
                 }
                 switch ((int) (PseudoRandom.random() * 4)) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/IRNodeBuilder.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/IRNodeBuilder.java
index 17f877ec6be..73d86c4eea8 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/IRNodeBuilder.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/IRNodeBuilder.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.classes.Interface;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.classes.Klass;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.classes.MainKlass;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.classes.ValueKlass;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.functions.ArgumentDeclaration;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.functions.ConstructorDefinition;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.functions.ConstructorDefinitionBlock;
@@ -110,6 +111,7 @@ public class IRNodeBuilder {
     private Optional<LocalVariable> localVariable = Optional.empty();
     private Optional<Boolean> isLocal = Optional.empty();
     private Optional<Boolean> isStatic = Optional.empty();
+    private boolean isSynchronizedAllowed = false;
     private Optional<Boolean> isConstant = Optional.empty();
     private Optional<Boolean> isInitialized = Optional.empty();
     private Optional<String> name = Optional.empty();
@@ -308,6 +310,11 @@ public Factory<Declaration> getDeclarationFactory() {
                 getIsLocal(), getExceptionSafe());
     }
 
+    public Factory<Declaration> getConstantDeclarationFactory() {
+        return new DeclarationFactory(getOwnerClass(), getComplexityLimit(), getOperatorLimit(),
+                getIsLocal(), getExceptionSafe(), true);
+    }
+
     public Factory<DoWhile> getDoWhileFactory() {
         return new DoWhileFactory(getOwnerClass(), getResultType(), getComplexityLimit(),
                 getStatementLimit(), getOperatorLimit(), getLevel(), getCanHaveReturn());
@@ -350,9 +357,12 @@ public Factory<FunctionDeclaration> getFunctionDeclarationFactory() {
     }
 
     public Factory<FunctionDefinitionBlock> getFunctionDefinitionBlockFactory() {
-        return new FunctionDefinitionBlockFactory(getOwnerClass(), getMemberFunctionsLimit(),
+        Factory<FunctionDefinitionBlock> result =
+            new FunctionDefinitionBlockFactory(getOwnerClass(), getMemberFunctionsLimit(),
                 getMemberFunctionsArgLimit(), getComplexityLimit(), getStatementLimit(),
-                getOperatorLimit(), getLevel(), getFlags());
+                getOperatorLimit(), getLevel(), getFlags(), isSynchronizedAllowed);
+        isSynchronizedAllowed = true;
+        return result;
     }
 
     public Factory<FunctionDefinition> getFunctionDefinitionFactory() {
@@ -389,6 +399,12 @@ public Factory<Klass> getKlassFactory() {
                 getOperatorLimit(), getLevel());
     }
 
+    public Factory<ValueKlass> getValueKlassFactory() {
+        return new ValueKlassFactory(getName(), getComplexityLimit(),
+                getMemberFunctionsLimit(), getMemberFunctionsArgLimit(), getStatementLimit(),
+                getOperatorLimit(), getLevel());
+    }
+
     public Factory<IRNode> getLimitedExpressionFactory() throws ProductionFailedException {
         return new LimitedExpressionFactory(getComplexityLimit(), getOperatorLimit(),
                 getOwnerClass(), getResultType(), getExceptionSafe(), getNoConsts());
@@ -458,6 +474,16 @@ public Factory<VariableDeclarationBlock> getVariableDeclarationBlockFactory() {
                 getOperatorLimit(), getLevel(), getExceptionSafe());
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Creates a variable declaration block factory constrained to constants.
+     *
+     * @return constant-only declaration block factory
+     */
+    public Factory<VariableDeclarationBlock> getConstantVariableDeclarationBlockFactory() {
+        return new VariableDeclarationBlockFactory(getOwnerClass(), getComplexityLimit(),
+                getOperatorLimit(), getLevel(), getExceptionSafe());
+    }
+
     public Factory<VariableDeclaration> getVariableDeclarationFactory() {
         return new VariableDeclarationFactory(getOwnerClass(), getIsStatic(), getIsLocal(), getResultType());
     }
@@ -594,6 +620,11 @@ public IRNodeBuilder setIsStatic(boolean value) {
         return this;
     }
 
+    public IRNodeBuilder setIsSynchronizedAllowed(boolean value) {
+        isSynchronizedAllowed = value;
+        return this;
+    }
+
     public IRNodeBuilder setIsInitialized(boolean value) {
         isInitialized = Optional.of(value);
         return this;
@@ -706,6 +737,10 @@ private boolean getIsStatic() {
         return isStatic.orElseThrow(() -> new IllegalArgumentException("isStatic wasn't set"));
     }
 
+    private boolean getIsSynchronizedAllowed() {
+        return isSynchronizedAllowed;
+    }
+
     private boolean getIsInitialized() {
         return isInitialized.orElseThrow(() -> new IllegalArgumentException(
                 "isInitialized wasn't set"));
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/KlassFactory.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/KlassFactory.java
index abd3aa283b6..48b159a1f42 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/KlassFactory.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/KlassFactory.java
@@ -24,257 +24,74 @@
 package jdk.test.lib.jittester.factories;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.HashSet;
-import java.util.Iterator;
-import java.util.LinkedList;
+
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.IRNode;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.ProductionFailedException;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.ProductionParams;
-import jdk.test.lib.jittester.Symbol;
-import jdk.test.lib.jittester.SymbolTable;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.Type;
-import jdk.test.lib.jittester.TypeList;
-import jdk.test.lib.jittester.VariableInfo;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.classes.Klass;
-import jdk.test.lib.jittester.functions.FunctionDeclarationBlock;
-import jdk.test.lib.jittester.functions.FunctionDefinition;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.functions.FunctionInfo;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.types.TypeKlass;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.utils.PseudoRandom;
 
-class KlassFactory extends Factory<Klass> {
-    private final String name;
-    private final long complexityLimit;
-    private final int statementsInFunctionLimit;
-    private final int operatorLimit;
-    private final int memberFunctionsArgLimit;
-    private final int level;
-    private final ArrayList<TypeKlass> interfaces;
-    private TypeKlass thisKlass;
-    private TypeKlass parent;
-    private int memberFunctionsLimit;
+class KlassFactory extends AbstractKlassFactory<Klass> {
 
     KlassFactory(String name, long complexityLimit,
             int memberFunctionsLimit, int memberFunctionsArgLimit, int statementsInFunctionLimit,
             int operatorLimit, int level) {
-        this.name = name;
-        this.complexityLimit = complexityLimit;
-        this.memberFunctionsLimit = memberFunctionsLimit;
-        this.memberFunctionsArgLimit = memberFunctionsArgLimit;
-        this.statementsInFunctionLimit = statementsInFunctionLimit;
-        this.operatorLimit = operatorLimit;
-        this.level = level;
-        interfaces = new ArrayList<>();
+        super(name, complexityLimit, memberFunctionsLimit, memberFunctionsArgLimit,
+                statementsInFunctionLimit, operatorLimit, level);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public Klass produce() throws ProductionFailedException {
-        HashSet<Symbol> abstractSet = new HashSet<>();
-        HashSet<Symbol> overrideSet = new HashSet<>();
-        thisKlass = new TypeKlass(name);
-        // Do we want to inherit something?
-        if (!ProductionParams.disableInheritance.value()) {
-            inheritClass();
-            inheritInterfaces();
-            // Now, we should carefully construct a set of all methods with are still abstract.
-            // In order to do that, we will make two sets of methods: abstract and non-abstract.
-            // Then by substracting non-abstract from abstract we'll get what we want.
-            HashSet<Symbol> nonAbstractSet = new HashSet<>();
-            for (Symbol symbol : SymbolTable.getAllCombined(thisKlass, FunctionInfo.class)) {
-                FunctionInfo functionInfo = (FunctionInfo) symbol;
-                // There could be multiple definitions or declarations encountered,
-                // but all we interested in are signatures.
-                if ((functionInfo.flags & FunctionInfo.ABSTRACT) > 0) {
-                    abstractSet.add(functionInfo);
-                } else {
-                    nonAbstractSet.add(functionInfo);
-                }
-            }
-            abstractSet.removeAll(nonAbstractSet);
-            // We may randomly remove some elements from the abstract set in order to force generation
-            // of an abstract class.
-            if (PseudoRandom.randomBoolean(0.2)) {
-                // so, we want to be abstract..
-                for (Iterator<Symbol> i = abstractSet.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-                    i.next();
-                    if (PseudoRandom.randomBoolean(0.2)) {
-                        thisKlass.setAbstract();
-                        i.remove();
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            if (PseudoRandom.randomBoolean(0.2)) {
-                int redefineLimit = (int) (memberFunctionsLimit * PseudoRandom.random());
-                if (redefineLimit > 0) {
-                    // We may also select some functions from the hierarchy that we want
-                    // to redefine..
-                    int i = 0;
-                    ArrayList<Symbol> shuffledNonAbstractSet = new ArrayList<>(nonAbstractSet);
-                    PseudoRandom.shuffle(shuffledNonAbstractSet);
-                    for (Symbol symbol : shuffledNonAbstractSet) {
-                        if (++i > redefineLimit) {
-                            break;
-                        }
-                        FunctionInfo functionInfo = (FunctionInfo) symbol;
-                        if ((functionInfo.flags & FunctionInfo.FINAL) > 0) {
-                            continue;
-                        }
-                        overrideSet.add(functionInfo);
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            memberFunctionsLimit -= abstractSet.size() + overrideSet.size();
-            // Ok, remove the symbols from the table which are going to be overrided.
-            // Because the redefiner would probably modify them and put them back into table.
-            for (Symbol symbol : abstractSet) {
-                SymbolTable.remove(symbol);
-            }
-            for (Symbol symbol : overrideSet) {
-                SymbolTable.remove(symbol);
-            }
-        } else {
-            parent = TypeList.OBJECT;
-            thisKlass.addParent(parent.getName());
-            thisKlass.setParent(parent);
-            parent.addChild(name);
-        }
-        SymbolTable.add(new VariableInfo("this", thisKlass, thisKlass,
-                VariableInfo.FINAL | VariableInfo.LOCAL | VariableInfo.INITIALIZED));
-        IRNode variableDeclarations = null;
-        IRNode constructorDefinitions = null;
-        IRNode functionDefinitions = null;
-        IRNode functionDeclarations = null;
-        IRNode abstractFunctionsRedefinitions = null;
-        IRNode overridenFunctionsRedefinitions = null;
-        IRNodeBuilder builder = new IRNodeBuilder().setOwnerKlass(thisKlass)
-                .setExceptionSafe(true);
-        try {
-            builder.setLevel(level + 1)
-                    .setOperatorLimit(operatorLimit)
-                    .setStatementLimit(statementsInFunctionLimit)
-                    .setMemberFunctionsArgLimit(memberFunctionsArgLimit);
-            variableDeclarations = builder.setComplexityLimit((long) (complexityLimit * 0.001 * PseudoRandom.random()))
-                    .getVariableDeclarationBlockFactory().produce();
-            if (!ProductionParams.disableFunctions.value()) {
-                // Try to implement all methods.
-                abstractFunctionsRedefinitions = builder.setComplexityLimit((long) (complexityLimit * 0.3 * PseudoRandom.random()))
-                        .setLevel(level + 1)
-                        .getFunctionRedefinitionBlockFactory(abstractSet)
-                        .produce();
-                overridenFunctionsRedefinitions = builder.setComplexityLimit((long) (complexityLimit * 0.3 * PseudoRandom.random()))
-                        .getFunctionRedefinitionBlockFactory(overrideSet)
-                        .produce();
-                if (PseudoRandom.randomBoolean(0.2)) { // wanna be abstract ?
-                    functionDeclarations = builder.setMemberFunctionsLimit((int) (memberFunctionsLimit * 0.2
-                                    * PseudoRandom.random()))
-                            .getFunctionDeclarationBlockFactory()
-                            .produce();
-                    if (((FunctionDeclarationBlock) functionDeclarations).size() > 0) {
-                        thisKlass.setAbstract();
-                    }
-                }
-                functionDefinitions = builder.setComplexityLimit((long) (complexityLimit * 0.5 * PseudoRandom.random()))
-                        .setMemberFunctionsLimit((int) (memberFunctionsLimit * 0.6
-                                * PseudoRandom.random()))
-                        .setFlags(FunctionInfo.NONE)
-                        .getFunctionDefinitionBlockFactory()
-                        .produce();
-                constructorDefinitions = builder.setComplexityLimit((long) (complexityLimit * 0.2 * PseudoRandom.random()))
-                        .setMemberFunctionsLimit((int) (memberFunctionsLimit * 0.2
-                                * PseudoRandom.random()))
-                        .setStatementLimit(statementsInFunctionLimit)
-                        .setOperatorLimit(operatorLimit)
-                        .setLevel(level + 1)
-                        .getConstructorDefinitionBlockFactory()
-                        .produce();
-            }
-        } catch (ProductionFailedException e) {
-            System.out.println("Exception during klass production process:");
-            e.printStackTrace(System.out);
-            throw e;
-        } finally {
-            SymbolTable.remove(new Symbol("this", thisKlass, thisKlass, VariableInfo.NONE));
+    protected TypeKlass createThisKlass(String name) {
+        return new TypeKlass(name);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected boolean canInheritFrom(Type type) {
+        if (!(type instanceof TypeKlass)) {
+            return false;
         }
-        // a non-abstract class can be final, so we should allow this to happen.
-        if (!ProductionParams.disableFinalClasses.value() && !thisKlass.isAbstract()
+        TypeKlass klass = (TypeKlass) type;
+        return !klass.isFinal() && !klass.isInterface();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected IRNode produceVariableDeclarations(IRNodeBuilder builder, long complexity)
+            throws ProductionFailedException {
+        return builder.setComplexityLimit(complexity).getVariableDeclarationBlockFactory().produce();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected IRNode produceFunctionDefinitions(IRNodeBuilder builder, long complexity, int memberLimit)
+            throws ProductionFailedException {
+        return builder.setComplexityLimit(complexity)
+                .setMemberFunctionsLimit(memberLimit)
+                .setFlags(FunctionInfo.NONE)
+                .getFunctionDefinitionBlockFactory()
+                .produce();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void finalizeClassFlags(TypeKlass thisKlass) {
+        if (!ProductionParams.disableFinalClasses.value()
+                && !thisKlass.isAbstract()
                 && PseudoRandom.randomBoolean()) {
             thisKlass.setFinal();
         }
-        TypeList.add(thisKlass);
-        IRNode printVariables = builder.setLevel(2).getPrintVariablesFactory().produce();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Klass createKlassNode(TypeKlass thisKlass, TypeKlass parent,
+            ArrayList<TypeKlass> interfaces, String name, int level,
+            IRNode variableDeclarations, IRNode constructorDefinitions,
+            IRNode functionDefinitions, IRNode abstractFunctionRedefinitions,
+            IRNode overridenFunctionRedefinitions, IRNode functionDeclarations,
+            IRNode printVariables) {
         return new Klass(thisKlass, parent, interfaces, name, level,
                 variableDeclarations, constructorDefinitions, functionDefinitions,
-                abstractFunctionsRedefinitions, overridenFunctionsRedefinitions,
+                abstractFunctionRedefinitions, overridenFunctionRedefinitions,
                 functionDeclarations, printVariables);
     }
-
-   private void inheritClass() {
-        // Grab all Klasses from the TypeList and select one to be a parent
-        LinkedList<Type> probableParents = new LinkedList<>(TypeList.getAll());
-        for (Iterator<Type> i = probableParents.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-            Type klass = i.next();
-            if (!(klass instanceof TypeKlass) || ((TypeKlass) klass).isFinal()
-                    || ((TypeKlass) klass).isInterface()) {
-                // we can not derive from finals and interfaces
-                i.remove();
-            }
-        }
-        if (probableParents.isEmpty()) {
-            parent = TypeList.OBJECT;
-        } else {
-            parent = (TypeKlass) PseudoRandom.randomElement(probableParents);
-        }
-        thisKlass.addParent(parent.getName());
-        thisKlass.setParent(parent);
-        parent.addChild(name);
-        for (Symbol symbol : SymbolTable.getAllCombined(parent)) {
-            if ((symbol.flags & Symbol.PRIVATE) == 0) {
-                Symbol symbolCopy = symbol.deepCopy();
-                if (symbolCopy instanceof FunctionInfo) {
-                    FunctionInfo functionInfo = (FunctionInfo) symbolCopy;
-                    if (functionInfo.isConstructor()) {
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                    if ((functionInfo.flags & FunctionInfo.STATIC) == 0) {
-                        functionInfo.argTypes.get(0).type = thisKlass;
-                    }
-                }
-                symbolCopy.owner = thisKlass;
-                SymbolTable.add(symbolCopy);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    private void inheritInterfaces() {
-        // Select interfaces that we'll implement.
-        LinkedList<Type> probableInterfaces = new LinkedList<>(TypeList.getAll());
-        for (Iterator<Type> i = probableInterfaces.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-            Type klass = i.next();
-            if (!(klass instanceof TypeKlass) || !((TypeKlass) klass).isInterface()) {
-                i.remove();
-            }
-        }
-        PseudoRandom.shuffle(probableInterfaces);
-        int implLimit = (int) (ProductionParams.implementationLimit.value() * PseudoRandom.random());
-        // Mulitiple inheritance compatibility check
-        compatibility_check:
-        for (Iterator<Type> i = probableInterfaces.iterator(); i.hasNext() && implLimit > 0; implLimit--) {
-            TypeKlass iface = (TypeKlass) i.next();
-            ArrayList<Symbol> ifaceFuncSet = SymbolTable.getAllCombined(iface, FunctionInfo.class);
-            for (Symbol symbol : SymbolTable.getAllCombined(thisKlass, FunctionInfo.class)) {
-                if (FunctionDefinition.isInvalidOverride((FunctionInfo) symbol, ifaceFuncSet)) {
-                    continue compatibility_check;
-                }
-            }
-            interfaces.add(iface);
-            iface.addChild(name);
-            thisKlass.addParent(iface.getName());
-            for (Symbol symbol : SymbolTable.getAllCombined(iface, FunctionInfo.class)) {
-                FunctionInfo functionInfo = (FunctionInfo) symbol.deepCopy();
-                functionInfo.owner = thisKlass;
-                functionInfo.argTypes.get(0).type = thisKlass;
-                SymbolTable.add(functionInfo);
-            }
-        }
-    }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/ValueKlassFactory.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/ValueKlassFactory.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ead9bd074d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/ValueKlassFactory.java
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package jdk.test.lib.jittester.factories;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.IRNode;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.ProductionFailedException;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.Symbol;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.Type;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.classes.ValueKlass;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.functions.FunctionInfo;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.types.TypeKlass;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.utils.PseudoRandom;
+
+class ValueKlassFactory extends AbstractKlassFactory<ValueKlass> {
+
+    ValueKlassFactory(String name, long complexityLimit,
+            int memberFunctionsLimit, int memberFunctionsArgLimit, int statementsInFunctionLimit,
+            int operatorLimit, int level) {
+        super(name, complexityLimit, memberFunctionsLimit, memberFunctionsArgLimit,
+                statementsInFunctionLimit, operatorLimit, level);
+        abstractProbabilityAdjustment = 1.0; // We want more abstract value classes
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected TypeKlass createThisKlass(String name) {
+        TypeKlass thisKlass = new TypeKlass(name);
+        thisKlass.setValueKlass();
+        return thisKlass;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected boolean canInheritFrom(Type type) {
+        if (!(type instanceof TypeKlass)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        TypeKlass klass = (TypeKlass) type;
+        return klass.isAbstract() && klass.isValueKlass();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected IRNode produceVariableDeclarations(IRNodeBuilder builder, long complexity)
+            throws ProductionFailedException {
+        return builder.setComplexityLimit(complexity).getConstantVariableDeclarationBlockFactory().produce();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected IRNode produceFunctionDefinitions(IRNodeBuilder builder, long complexity, int memberLimit)
+            throws ProductionFailedException {
+        return builder.setComplexityLimit(complexity)
+                .setMemberFunctionsLimit(memberLimit)
+                .setFlags(FunctionInfo.NONE)
+                .setIsSynchronizedAllowed(false)
+                .getFunctionDefinitionBlockFactory()
+                .produce();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected ArrayList<Symbol> getShuffledOverrideCandidates(HashSet<Symbol> nonAbstractSet) {
+        nonAbstractSet.removeIf(symbol -> (((FunctionInfo) symbol).flags & FunctionInfo.FINAL) > 0);
+        return super.getShuffledOverrideCandidates(nonAbstractSet);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void finalizeClassFlags(TypeKlass thisKlass) {
+        if (!thisKlass.isAbstract()) {
+            thisKlass.setFinal();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected ValueKlass createKlassNode(TypeKlass thisKlass, TypeKlass parent,
+            ArrayList<TypeKlass> interfaces, String name, int level,
+            IRNode variableDeclarations, IRNode constructorDefinitions,
+            IRNode functionDefinitions, IRNode abstractFunctionRedefinitions,
+            IRNode overridenFunctionRedefinitions, IRNode functionDeclarations,
+            IRNode printVariables) {
+        return new ValueKlass(thisKlass, parent, interfaces, name, level,
+                variableDeclarations, constructorDefinitions, functionDefinitions,
+                abstractFunctionRedefinitions, overridenFunctionRedefinitions,
+                functionDeclarations, printVariables);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/VariableDeclarationBlockFactory.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/VariableDeclarationBlockFactory.java
index a92de15b2ba..40f0b810801 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/VariableDeclarationBlockFactory.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/factories/VariableDeclarationBlockFactory.java
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ public VariableDeclarationBlock produce() throws ProductionFailedException {
                 .setOperatorLimit(operatorLimit)
                 .setIsLocal(false)
                 .setExceptionSafe(exceptionSafe)
-                .getDeclarationFactory();
+                .getConstantDeclarationFactory();
         for (int i = 0; i < limit; i++) {
             try {
                 content.add(declFactory.produce());
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/types/TypeKlass.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/types/TypeKlass.java
index 204149b9039..2e6e49b200e 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/types/TypeKlass.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/types/TypeKlass.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ public class TypeKlass extends Type {
     public static final int FINAL = 0x01;
     public static final int INTERFACE = 0x02;
     public static final int ABSTRACT = 0x04;
-
+    public static final int VALUE_KLASS = 0x08;
 
     public TypeKlass(String name) {
         this(name, NONE);
@@ -189,6 +189,22 @@ public void setAbstract() {
         flags |= ABSTRACT;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Checks whether this type represents a value class.
+     *
+     * @return true when the value-class flag is set
+     */
+    public boolean isValueKlass() {
+        return (flags & VALUE_KLASS) > 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Marks this type as a value class.
+     */
+    public void setValueKlass() {
+        flags |= VALUE_KLASS;
+    }
+
     public boolean isInterface() {
         return (flags & INTERFACE) > 0;
     }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/visitors/ByteCodeVisitor.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/visitors/ByteCodeVisitor.java
index 67c17e153f8..b58f84114d7 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/visitors/ByteCodeVisitor.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/visitors/ByteCodeVisitor.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.classes.Interface;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.classes.Klass;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.classes.MainKlass;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.classes.ValueKlass;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.functions.ArgumentDeclaration;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.functions.ConstructorDefinition;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.functions.ConstructorDefinitionBlock;
@@ -1092,6 +1093,11 @@ public byte[] visit(Klass node) {
         return byteCode;
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public byte[] visit(ValueKlass node) {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("ByteCodeVisitor doesn't support Value classes");
+    }
+
     private void visitLiteral(boolean value) {
         double chance = PseudoRandom.random();
         if (chance < CONSTANT_INST_CHANCE) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/visitors/JavaCodeVisitor.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/visitors/JavaCodeVisitor.java
index 206f5752415..1872d5f40c8 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/visitors/JavaCodeVisitor.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/visitors/JavaCodeVisitor.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 package jdk.test.lib.jittester.visitors;
 
+import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Objects;
@@ -66,6 +67,7 @@
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.classes.Interface;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.classes.Klass;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.classes.MainKlass;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.classes.ValueKlass;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.functions.ArgumentDeclaration;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.functions.ConstructorDefinition;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.functions.ConstructorDefinitionBlock;
@@ -654,6 +656,37 @@ public String visit(Klass node) {
         return r;
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public String visit(ValueKlass node) {
+        TypeKlass thisKlass = node.getThisKlass();
+        String r = (ProductionParams.enableStrictFP.value() ? "strictfp " : "")
+                + (thisKlass.isAbstract() ? "abstract " : "")
+                + "value class " + node.getName()
+                + (node.getParentKlass() != null && !node.getParentKlass().equals(TypeList.OBJECT)
+                ? " extends " + node.getParentKlass().getName() : "");
+        List<TypeKlass> interfaces = node.getInterfaces();
+        r += interfaces.stream()
+                .map(Type::getName)
+                .collect(Collectors.joining(", ", (interfaces.isEmpty() ? "" : " implements "), ""));
+        IRNode dataMembers = node.getChild(Klass.KlassPart.DATA_MEMBERS.ordinal());
+        IRNode constructors = node.getChild(Klass.KlassPart.CONSTRUCTORS.ordinal());
+        IRNode redefinedFunctions = node.getChild(Klass.KlassPart.REDEFINED_FUNCTIONS.ordinal());
+        IRNode overridenFunctions = node.getChild(Klass.KlassPart.OVERRIDEN_FUNCTIONS.ordinal());
+        IRNode memberFunctions = node.getChild(Klass.KlassPart.MEMBER_FUNCTIONS.ordinal());
+        IRNode memberFunctionDecls = node.getChild(Klass.KlassPart.MEMBER_FUNCTIONS_DECLARATIONS.ordinal());
+        IRNode printVariables = node.getChild(Klass.KlassPart.PRINT_VARIABLES.ordinal());
+        r += " {\n"
+             + (dataMembers != null ? (dataMembers.accept(this)+ "\n") : "")
+             + (constructors != null ? (constructors.accept(this)+ "\n") : "")
+             + (redefinedFunctions != null ? (redefinedFunctions.accept(this)+ "\n") : "")
+             + (overridenFunctions != null ? (overridenFunctions.accept(this)+ "\n") : "")
+             + (memberFunctionDecls != null ? (memberFunctionDecls.accept(this)+ "\n") : "")
+             + (memberFunctions != null ? (memberFunctions.accept(this)+ "\n") : "")
+             + printVariables.accept(this)
+             + "}\n";
+        return r;
+    }
+
     @Override
     public String visit(Literal node) {
         Type resultType = node.getResultType();
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/visitors/Visitor.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/visitors/Visitor.java
index 600108437b0..5c968e2d8d2 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/visitors/Visitor.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary/jittester/src/jdk/test/lib/jittester/visitors/Visitor.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.classes.Interface;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.classes.Klass;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.classes.MainKlass;
+import jdk.test.lib.jittester.classes.ValueKlass;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.functions.ArgumentDeclaration;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.functions.ConstructorDefinition;
 import jdk.test.lib.jittester.functions.ConstructorDefinitionBlock;
@@ -103,6 +104,7 @@ public interface Visitor<T> {
     T visit(Initialization node);
     T visit(Interface node);
     T visit(Klass node);
+    T visit(ValueKlass node);
     T visit(Literal node);
     T visit(LocalVariable node);
     T visit(LoopingCondition node);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestIRMatching.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestIRMatching.java
index 07fb7fb56f2..35ee5ad5f8e 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestIRMatching.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestIRMatching.java
@@ -763,8 +763,17 @@ public void good5() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = {IRNode.STORE_OF_FIELD, "myClassEmpty", "1", IRNode.STORE_OF_CLASS, "GoodCount", "1",
-                  IRNode.STORE_OF_CLASS, "/GoodCount", "1", IRNode.STORE_OF_CLASS, "MyClassEmpty", "0"},
+    @IR(counts = {
+            IRNode.STORE_OF_FIELD, "myClassEmpty", "1",
+            IRNode.STORE_OF_CLASS, "oodCount", "0",
+            IRNode.STORE_OF_CLASS, "GoodCount", "1",
+            IRNode.STORE_OF_CLASS, "/GoodCount", "1",
+            IRNode.STORE_OF_CLASS, "tests/GoodCount", "1",
+            IRNode.STORE_OF_CLASS, "/tests/GoodCount", "1",
+            IRNode.STORE_OF_CLASS, "ir_framework/tests/GoodCount", "1",
+            IRNode.STORE_OF_CLASS, "/ir_framework/tests/GoodCount", "0",
+            IRNode.STORE_OF_CLASS, "MyClassEmpty", "0"
+        },
         failOn = {IRNode.STORE_OF_CLASS, "MyClassEmpty"})
     public void good6() {
         myClassEmpty = new MyClassEmpty();
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/gc/ArrayJuggle/Juggle3.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/gc/ArrayJuggle/Juggle3.java
index 799926d3d96..91bcca6d499 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/gc/ArrayJuggle/Juggle3.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/gc/ArrayJuggle/Juggle3.java
@@ -24,6 +24,10 @@
 /*
  * VM Testbase keywords: [gc, stress, stressopt, nonconcurrent]
  */
+/* @test id=BooleanObjArr_medium   @key stress randomness @library /vmTestbase /test/lib @run main/othervm -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Xlog:gc=debug:gc.log gc.ArrayJuggle.Juggle3 -gp BooleanObjArr        -ms medium */
+/* @test id=ByteObjArr_high        @key stress randomness @library /vmTestbase /test/lib @run main/othervm -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Xlog:gc=debug:gc.log gc.ArrayJuggle.Juggle3 -gp ByteObjArr           -ms high */
+/* @test id=IntegerObjArr_low      @key stress randomness @library /vmTestbase /test/lib @run main/othervm -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Xlog:gc=debug:gc.log gc.ArrayJuggle.Juggle3 -gp IntegerObjArr        -ms low */
+/* @test id=h_IntegerObjArr_low    @key stress randomness @library /vmTestbase /test/lib @run main/othervm -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Xlog:gc=debug:gc.log gc.ArrayJuggle.Juggle3 -gp  hashed(IntegerObjArr) -ms low */
 
 /* @test id=booleanArr_medium  @key stress randomness @library /vmTestbase /test/lib @run main/othervm -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Xlog:gc=debug:gc.log gc.ArrayJuggle.Juggle3 -gp booleanArr        -ms medium */
 /* @test id=floatArr_high      @key stress randomness @library /vmTestbase /test/lib @run main/othervm -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Xlog:gc=debug:gc.log gc.ArrayJuggle.Juggle3 -gp floatArr          -ms high */
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/gc/ArrayJuggle/Juggle3Quick.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/gc/ArrayJuggle/Juggle3Quick.java
index 5894dc57281..bb01624d3a9 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/gc/ArrayJuggle/Juggle3Quick.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/gc/ArrayJuggle/Juggle3Quick.java
@@ -28,3 +28,4 @@
 /* @test id=byteArr_low        @key stress randomness @library /vmTestbase /test/lib @run main/othervm -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Xlog:gc=debug:gc.log gc.ArrayJuggle.Juggle3 -gp byteArr           -ms low */
 /* @test id=h_doubleArr_medium @key stress randomness @library /vmTestbase /test/lib @run main/othervm -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Xlog:gc=debug:gc.log gc.ArrayJuggle.Juggle3 -gp hashed(doubleArr) -ms medium */
 /* @test id=r_arrays_high      @key stress randomness @library /vmTestbase /test/lib @run main/othervm -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Xlog:gc=debug:gc.log gc.ArrayJuggle.Juggle3 -gp random(arrays)    -ms high */
+/* @test id=r_arrays_low      @key stress randomness @library /vmTestbase /test/lib @run main/othervm -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Xlog:gc=debug:gc.log gc.ArrayJuggle.Juggle3 -gp random(arrays)    -ms low */
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/modifiers/modifiers001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/modifiers/modifiers001.java
index 8fe0a939871..a749568ad4c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/modifiers/modifiers001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/modifiers/modifiers001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -188,9 +188,16 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
             String s_type = classes_for_check[i][2];
             String s_modifiers = classes_for_check[i][1];
             int got_modifiers = refType.modifiers();
-            // Class.getModifiers() will never return ACC_SUPER
-            // but Accessible.modifers() can, so ignore this bit
-            got_modifiers &= ~0x20; // 0x20 == ACC_SUPER
+            boolean previewEnabled =
+                System.getProperty("test.java.opts", "").contains("--enable-preview") ||
+                System.getProperty("test.vm.opts", "").contains("--enable-preview");
+            if (!previewEnabled) {
+                // With preview enabled 0x20 is ACC_IDENTITY.
+                // When not enabled 0x20 is ACC_SUPER.
+                // Class.getModifiers() will never return ACC_SUPER
+                // but Accessible.modifers() can, so ignore this bit.
+                got_modifiers &= ~0x20; // 0x20 == ACC_SUPER
+            }
             logHandler.display("");
             if ( got_modifiers != expected_modifiers ) {
                 logHandler.complain("##> modifiers001: UNEXPECTED modifiers() method result ("
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ModificationWatchpointEvent/valueToBe/valuetobe001a.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ModificationWatchpointEvent/valueToBe/valuetobe001a.java
index 7300882ebfe..ccdc65fda42 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ModificationWatchpointEvent/valueToBe/valuetobe001a.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ModificationWatchpointEvent/valueToBe/valuetobe001a.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -203,28 +203,28 @@ void initFields() {
         X0  = new Class();
         X1  = new Class[]     {X0};
         X2  = new Class[][]   {X1};
-        Z0  = new Boolean(true);
+        Z0  = new Boolean(z0);
         Z1  = new Boolean[]   {Z0};
         Z2  = new Boolean[][] {Z1};
-        B0  = new Byte(java.lang.Byte.MIN_VALUE);
+        B0  = new Byte(b0);
         B1  = new Byte[]      {B0};
         B2  = new Byte[][]    {B1};
-        C0  = new Character(java.lang.Character.MIN_VALUE);
+        C0  = new Character(c0);
         C1  = new Character[] {C0};
         C2  = new Character[][]{C1};
-        D0  = Double.valueOf(java.lang.Double.MIN_VALUE);
+        D0  = Double.valueOf(d0);
         D1  = new Double[]    {D0};
         D2  = new Double[][]  {D1};
-        F0  = Float.valueOf(java.lang.Float.MIN_VALUE);
+        F0  = Float.valueOf(f0);
         F1  = new Float[]     {F0};
         F2  = new Float[][]   {F1};
-        I0  = Integer.valueOf(java.lang.Integer.MIN_VALUE);
+        I0  = Integer.valueOf(i0);
         I1  = new Integer[]   {I0};
         I2  = new Integer[][] {I1};
-        L0  = Long.valueOf(java.lang.Long.MIN_VALUE);
+        L0  = Long.valueOf(l0);
         L1  = new Long[]      {L0};
         L2  = new Long[][]    {L1};
-        S0  = Short.valueOf(java.lang.Short.MIN_VALUE);
+        S0  = Short.valueOf(s0);
         S1  = new Short[]     {S0};
         S2  = new Short[][]   {S1};
         W0  = new String();
@@ -234,22 +234,22 @@ void initFields() {
         O1  = new Object[]    {O0};
         O2  = new Object[][]  {O1};
 
-        LS0 = Long.valueOf(java.lang.Long.MAX_VALUE);
+        LS0 = Long.valueOf(l0);
         LS1 = new Long[]      {LS0};
         LS2 = new Long[][]    {LS1};
-        LP0 = Long.valueOf(java.lang.Long.MAX_VALUE);
+        LP0 = Long.valueOf(l0);
         LP1 = new Long[]      {LP0};
         LP2 = new Long[][]    {LP1};
-        LU0 = Long.valueOf(java.lang.Long.MAX_VALUE);
+        LU0 = Long.valueOf(l0);
         LU1 = new Long[]      {LU0};
         LU2 = new Long[][]    {LU1};
-        LR0 = Long.valueOf(java.lang.Long.MAX_VALUE);
+        LR0 = Long.valueOf(l0);
         LR1 = new Long[]      {LR0};
         LR2 = new Long[][]    {LR1};
-        LT0 = Long.valueOf(java.lang.Long.MAX_VALUE);
+        LT0 = Long.valueOf(l0);
         LT1 = new Long[]      {LT0};
         LT2 = new Long[][]    {LT1};
-        LV0 = Long.valueOf(java.lang.Long.MAX_VALUE);
+        LV0 = Long.valueOf(l0);
         LV1 = new Long[]      {LV0};
         LV2 = new Long[][]    {LV1};
 
@@ -276,4 +276,4 @@ void initFields() {
         EV2 = new Inter[][]   {EV1};
     }
 
-}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdwp/ReferenceType/Interfaces/interfaces001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdwp/ReferenceType/Interfaces/interfaces001.java
index d30d63b272b..a5d1d43613f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdwp/ReferenceType/Interfaces/interfaces001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdwp/ReferenceType/Interfaces/interfaces001.java
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ public int runIt(String argv[], PrintStream out) {
 
                         if (interfaceID != interfaceIDs[i]) {
                             log.complain("Unexpected interface ID for interface #" + i + " in the reply packet: " + interfaceID
-                                        + " (expected: " + interfaceIDs[i] + ")");
+                                         + " (expected: " + interfaceIDs[i] + ")");
                             success = false;
                         }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/GetClassModifiers/getclmdf006.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/GetClassModifiers/getclmdf006.java
index 3019f6c3be6..945ed6dd0ef 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/GetClassModifiers/getclmdf006.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/GetClassModifiers/getclmdf006.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/GetObjectMonitorUsage/objmonusage007.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/GetObjectMonitorUsage/objmonusage007.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c87542ddf70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/GetObjectMonitorUsage/objmonusage007.java
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ *
+ * @summary
+ * VM Testbase keywords: [quick, jpda, jvmti, noras]
+ * VM Testbase readme:
+ * DESCRIPTION
+ *     The test exercises JVMTI function GetObjectMonitorUsage.
+ * COMMENTS
+ *     This test checks that GetObjectMonitorUsage works with inline types and always
+ *     returns information consistent with a never locked monitor
+ *
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library  /vmTestbase
+ *           /test/lib
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller . .
+ * @run main/othervm/native -agentlib:objmonusage007 nsk.jvmti.GetObjectMonitorUsage.objmonusage007
+ */
+package nsk.jvmti.GetObjectMonitorUsage;
+
+import java.io.PrintStream;
+
+public class objmonusage007 {
+    final static int JCK_STATUS_BASE = 95;
+    final static int NUMBER_OF_THREADS = 32;
+
+    static {
+        try {
+            System.loadLibrary("objmonusage007");
+        } catch (UnsatisfiedLinkError err) {
+            System.err.println("Could not load objmonusage7 library");
+            System.err.println("java.library.path:"
+                + System.getProperty("java.library.path"));
+            throw err;
+        }
+    }
+
+    native static int getResult();
+    native static void check(Object o, Thread owner, int ec, int wc);
+
+    static value class LocalValue {
+        int i = 0;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String argv[]) {
+        argv = nsk.share.jvmti.JVMTITest.commonInit(argv);
+
+        System.exit(run(argv, System.out) + JCK_STATUS_BASE);
+    }
+
+    public static int run(String argv[], PrintStream out) {
+        LocalValue lv = new LocalValue();
+        objmonusage007.check(lv, null, 0, 0);
+
+        return getResult();
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/GetObjectMonitorUsage/objmonusage007/libobjmonusage007.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/GetObjectMonitorUsage/objmonusage007/libobjmonusage007.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d8a4bea897b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/GetObjectMonitorUsage/objmonusage007/libobjmonusage007.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include "native_thread.cpp"
+#include "nsk_tools.cpp"
+#include "jni_tools.cpp"
+#include "jvmti_tools.cpp"
+#include "agent_tools.cpp"
+#include "jvmti_FollowRefObjects.cpp"
+#include "Injector.cpp"
+#include "JVMTITools.cpp"
+#include "agent_common.cpp"
+#include "objmonusage007.cpp"
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/GetObjectMonitorUsage/objmonusage007/objmonusage007.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/GetObjectMonitorUsage/objmonusage007/objmonusage007.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5dcce16ba0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/GetObjectMonitorUsage/objmonusage007/objmonusage007.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "jvmti.h"
+#include "agent_common.hpp"
+#include "JVMTITools.hpp"
+
+extern "C" {
+
+
+#define PASSED 0
+#define STATUS_FAILED 2
+
+static jvmtiEnv *jvmti = nullptr;
+static jvmtiCapabilities caps;
+static jint result = PASSED;
+static jboolean printdump = JNI_FALSE;
+
+#ifdef STATIC_BUILD
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Agent_OnLoad_objmonusage007(JavaVM *jvm, char *options, void *reserved) {
+    return Agent_Initialize(jvm, options, reserved);
+}
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Agent_OnAttach_objmonusage007(JavaVM *jvm, char *options, void *reserved) {
+    return Agent_Initialize(jvm, options, reserved);
+}
+JNIEXPORT jint JNI_OnLoad_objmonusage007(JavaVM *jvm, char *options, void *reserved) {
+    return JNI_VERSION_1_8;
+}
+#endif
+jint  Agent_Initialize(JavaVM *jvm, char *options, void *reserved) {
+    jint res;
+    jvmtiError err;
+
+    if (options != nullptr && strcmp(options, "printdump") == 0) {
+        printdump = JNI_TRUE;
+    }
+
+    res = jvm->GetEnv((void **) &jvmti, JVMTI_VERSION_1_1);
+    if (res != JNI_OK || jvmti == nullptr) {
+        printf("Wrong result of a valid call to GetEnv !\n");
+        return JNI_ERR;
+    }
+
+    err = jvmti->GetPotentialCapabilities(&caps);
+    if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+        printf("(GetPotentialCapabilities) unexpected error: %s (%d)\n",
+               TranslateError(err), err);
+        return JNI_ERR;
+    }
+
+    err = jvmti->AddCapabilities(&caps);
+    if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+        printf("(AddCapabilities) unexpected error: %s (%d)\n",
+               TranslateError(err), err);
+        return JNI_ERR;
+    }
+
+    err = jvmti->GetCapabilities(&caps);
+    if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+        printf("(GetCapabilities) unexpected error: %s (%d)\n",
+               TranslateError(err), err);
+        return JNI_ERR;
+    }
+
+    if (!caps.can_get_monitor_info) {
+        printf("Warning: GetObjectMonitorUsage is not implemented\n");
+    }
+
+    return JNI_OK;
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+Java_nsk_jvmti_GetObjectMonitorUsage_objmonusage007_check(JNIEnv *env,
+        jclass cls, jobject obj, jthread owner,
+        jint entryCount, jint waiterCount) {
+    jvmtiError err;
+    jvmtiMonitorUsage inf;
+    jvmtiThreadInfo tinf;
+    int j;
+
+    if (result == STATUS_FAILED) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    err = jvmti->GetObjectMonitorUsage(obj, &inf);
+    if (err == JVMTI_ERROR_MUST_POSSESS_CAPABILITY &&
+            !caps.can_get_monitor_info) {
+        /* Ok, it's expected */
+        return;
+    } else if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+        printf("(GetMonitorInfo) unexpected error: %s (%d)\n",
+               TranslateError(err), err);
+        result = STATUS_FAILED;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (printdump == JNI_TRUE) {
+        if (inf.owner == nullptr) {
+            printf(">>>     owner: none (0x0)\n");
+        } else {
+            jvmti->GetThreadInfo(inf.owner, &tinf);
+            printf(">>>     owner: %s (0x%p)\n",
+                   tinf.name, inf.owner);
+        }
+        printf(">>>   entry_count: %d\n", inf.entry_count);
+        printf(">>>  waiter_count: %d\n", inf.waiter_count);
+        if (inf.waiter_count > 0) {
+            printf(">>>       waiters:\n");
+            for (j = 0; j < inf.waiter_count; j++) {
+                jvmti->GetThreadInfo(inf.waiters[j], &tinf);
+                printf(">>>                %2d: %s (0x%p)\n",
+                       j, tinf.name, inf.waiters[j]);
+            }
+        }
+        printf(">>>  notify_waiter_count: %d\n", inf.notify_waiter_count);
+        if (inf.notify_waiter_count > 0) {
+            printf(">>>       notify_waiters:\n");
+            for (j = 0; j < inf.notify_waiter_count; j++) {
+                jvmti->GetThreadInfo(inf.notify_waiters[j], &tinf);
+                printf(">>>                %2d: %s (0x%p)\n",
+                       j, tinf.name, inf.notify_waiters[j]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!env->IsSameObject(owner, inf.owner)) {
+        jvmti->GetThreadInfo(inf.owner, &tinf);
+        printf(" unexpected owner: %s (0x%p)\n", tinf.name, inf.owner);
+        result = STATUS_FAILED;
+    }
+
+    if (inf.entry_count != entryCount) {
+        printf(" entry_count expected: %d, actually: %d\n",
+               entryCount, inf.entry_count);
+        result = STATUS_FAILED;
+    }
+
+    if (inf.waiter_count != waiterCount) {
+        printf(" waiter_count expected: %d, actually: %d\n",
+               waiterCount, inf.waiter_count);
+        result = STATUS_FAILED;
+    }
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Java_nsk_jvmti_GetObjectMonitorUsage_objmonusage007_getResult(JNIEnv *env, jclass cls) {
+    return result;
+}
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/monitoring/stress/lowmem/lowmem001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/monitoring/stress/lowmem/lowmem001.java
index 67f0d17f561..562cb37a09f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/monitoring/stress/lowmem/lowmem001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/monitoring/stress/lowmem/lowmem001.java
@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
 import nsk.share.Log;
 import nsk.share.TestFailure;
+import nsk.share.gc.DefaultProducer;
 import nsk.share.gc.GC;
 import nsk.share.gc.ThreadedGCTest;
 import nsk.share.gc.gp.GarbageProducer;
-import nsk.share.gc.gp.array.ByteArrayProducer;
 import nsk.share.gc.gp.classload.GeneratedClassProducer;
 import nsk.monitoring.share.*;
 import nsk.share.test.ExecutionController;
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ class HeapStresser extends Thread {
 
         final long chunkSize = 512;
         List storage;
-        GarbageProducer gp = new ByteArrayProducer();
+        GarbageProducer gp = new DefaultProducer();
 
 
         @Override
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/DefaultProducer.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/DefaultProducer.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..538e0fd23e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/DefaultProducer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package nsk.share.gc;
+
+import nsk.share.gc.gp.GarbageProducer;
+import nsk.share.test.LocalRandom;
+
+/**
+ * GarbageProducer default implementation.
+ */
+public class DefaultProducer implements GarbageProducer<Object> {
+        static class GarbageObject {
+                Integer[] arr;
+        }
+        public Object create(long memory) {
+                if (Memory.isValhallaEnabled()) {
+                        GarbageObject obj = new GarbageObject();
+                        obj.arr = new Integer[Memory.getArrayLength(memory, Memory.getIntegerArrayElementSize())];
+                        LocalRandom.nextInts(obj.arr);
+                        return obj;
+                } else {
+                        int[] arr = new int[Memory.getArrayLength(memory, Memory.getIntSize())];
+                        LocalRandom.nextInts(arr);
+                        return arr;
+                }
+        }
+
+        public void validate(Object o) {}
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/Memory.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/Memory.java
index 244bcf423c5..86949608d7e 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/Memory.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/Memory.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 import java.io.PrintStream;
 import nsk.share.gc.gp.GarbageProducer;
 import nsk.share.gc.tree.*;
-import nsk.share.gc.gp.MemoryStrategy;
 import nsk.share.log.Log;
 
 /**
@@ -38,6 +37,11 @@ public final class Memory {
         private static int referenceSize = 0;
         private static int objectExtraSize = 0;
 
+        private static final boolean previewEnabled =
+                System.getProperty("test.java.opts", "").contains("--enable-preview") ||
+                System.getProperty("test.vm.opts", "").contains("--enable-preview");
+
+
         private Memory() {
         }
 
@@ -58,6 +62,14 @@ public static int getReferenceSize() {
                 return referenceSize;
         }
 
+        public static boolean isPreviewEnabled() {
+                return previewEnabled;
+        }
+
+        public static boolean isValhallaEnabled() {
+            return previewEnabled;
+        }
+
         /**
          * Get size of primitive type int.
          */
@@ -115,6 +127,46 @@ public static int getDoubleSize() {
         }
 
         /**
+         * Get size of Integer element in Integer array.
+         * If array is not flattened, the only reference size is returned, the referred values
+         * should be added manually in references are not null.
+         */
+        public static int getIntegerArrayElementSize() {
+
+            if (!Memory.isValhallaEnabled()) {
+                return getReferenceSize();
+            }
+            return 8;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Get size of Byte element in Byte array.
+         * If array is not flattened, the only reference size is returned, the referred values
+         * should be added manually in references are not null.
+         */
+        public static int getByteArrayElementSize() {
+
+            if (!Memory.isValhallaEnabled()) {
+                return getReferenceSize();
+            }
+            return 2;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Get size of Boolean element in Boolean array.
+         * If array is not flattened, the only reference size is returned, the referred values
+         * should be added manually in references are not null.
+         */
+        public static int getBooleanArrayElementSize() {
+            if (!Memory.isValhallaEnabled()) {
+                return getReferenceSize();
+            }
+            return 2;
+        }
+
+
+
+    /**
          *  Get how many extra bytes an object occupies in the heap
          *  compared to sum of it's fields.
          *
@@ -151,8 +203,9 @@ public static int getReferenceObjectSize() {
          */
         public static int getArrayLength(long memory, long objectSize) {
                 int arrayExtraSize = getArrayExtraSize();
-                return (int) Math.min((memory - arrayExtraSize) / objectSize,
+                int length = (int) Math.min((memory - arrayExtraSize) / objectSize,
                         Integer.MAX_VALUE);
+                return Math.max(length, 0);
         }
 
         /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/MemoryObject.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/MemoryObject.java
index 66dd77aebea..b3b3c123d88 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/MemoryObject.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/MemoryObject.java
@@ -27,8 +27,10 @@
  *  An object that occupies approximately given number of bytes in memory.
  */
 public class MemoryObject {
-        private static int diff = (int) Memory.getObjectExtraSize();
-        private byte storage[];
+        private final static int diff = Memory.getObjectExtraSize() + Memory.getIntSize();
+        private final int size;
+        private final Object storage;
+
 
         /**
          *  Create an object that occupies given number of bytes.
@@ -36,15 +38,20 @@ public class MemoryObject {
          *  @param size size
          */
         public MemoryObject(int size) {
-                if (size > diff)
-                        storage = new byte[size - diff];
-        }
-
-        public final byte[] getStorage() {
-                return storage;
+            if (size > diff) {
+                int memory = (size - diff);
+                if (Memory.isValhallaEnabled()) {
+                    storage = new Integer[Memory.getArrayLength(memory, Memory.getIntegerArrayElementSize())];
+                } else {
+                    storage = new int[Memory.getArrayLength(memory, Memory.getIntSize())];
+                }
+           } else {
+                storage = new int[0];
+           }
+           this.size = size;
         }
 
         public final int getSize() {
-                return storage.length;
+                return size;
         }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/NonbranchyTree.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/NonbranchyTree.java
index 55e136d1f41..9fa8b5013e8 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/NonbranchyTree.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/NonbranchyTree.java
@@ -171,16 +171,25 @@ private void print(PrintStream out, Node node) {
 class Node {
     Node left;
     Node right;
-    byte[] core;
+    Object storage;
 
     Node(int size) {
         left = null;
         right = null;
-        core = new byte[size];
+        // Initialize the core array
+        if (Memory.isValhallaEnabled()) {
+            Byte[] core = new Byte[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < core.length; i++) {
+                core[i] = (byte) i;
+            }
+            storage = core;
+        } else {
+            byte[] core = new byte[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
+                core[i] = (byte) i;
+            storage = core;
+        }
 
-        // Initizlize the core array
-        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
-            core[i] = (byte) i;
     }
 
     // Print the node info
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/gp/GarbageProducers.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/gp/GarbageProducers.java
index 38169bd99a2..9798a9e4ae7 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/gp/GarbageProducers.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/gp/GarbageProducers.java
@@ -25,14 +25,18 @@
 
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+
+import nsk.share.gc.Memory;
 import nsk.share.gc.gp.array.*;
 import nsk.share.gc.gp.string.*;
+import nsk.share.test.LocalRandom;
 
 /**
  * Factory for garbage producers
  */
 public class GarbageProducers {
         private List<GarbageProducer> primitiveArrayProducers;
+        private List<GarbageProducer> valueArrayProducers;
         private List<GarbageProducer> arrayProducers;
         private List<GarbageProducer<String>> stringProducers;
         private List<GarbageProducer> allProducers;
@@ -55,6 +59,18 @@ public List<GarbageProducer> getPrimitiveArrayProducers() {
                 return primitiveArrayProducers;
         }
 
+        /**
+         * Get all primitive array producers.
+         */
+        public List<GarbageProducer> getValueArrayProducers() {
+            if (valueArrayProducers == null) {
+                valueArrayProducers = new ArrayList<GarbageProducer>();
+                valueArrayProducers.add(new ByteObjArrayProducer());
+                valueArrayProducers.add(new BooleanObjArrayProducer());
+                valueArrayProducers.add(new IntegerObjArrayProducer());
+            }
+            return primitiveArrayProducers;
+        }
         /**
          * Get all array producers.
          */
@@ -63,6 +79,9 @@ public List<GarbageProducer> getArrayProducers() {
                         arrayProducers = new ArrayList<GarbageProducer>();
                         arrayProducers.addAll(getPrimitiveArrayProducers());
                         arrayProducers.add(new ObjectArrayProducer());
+                        if (Memory.isValhallaEnabled()) {
+                            arrayProducers.addAll(getValueArrayProducers());
+                        }
                 }
                 return arrayProducers;
         }
@@ -88,3 +107,45 @@ public List<GarbageProducer> getAllProducers() {
                 return allProducers;
         }
 }
+
+ class IntegerObjArrayProducer implements GarbageProducer<Integer[]> {
+    public Integer[] create(long memory) {
+        int size = Memory.getIntegerArrayElementSize();
+        if (!Memory.isValhallaEnabled()) {
+            // Let assume that every Integer is new object
+            size += Memory.getObjectExtraSize();
+        }
+        Integer[] arr = new Integer[Memory.getArrayLength(memory, size)];
+        LocalRandom.nextInts(arr);
+        return arr;
+    }
+
+    public void validate(Integer[] arr) {
+        LocalRandom.validate(arr);
+    }
+}
+
+
+class ByteObjArrayProducer implements GarbageProducer<Byte[]> {
+    public Byte[] create(long memory) {
+        Byte[] arr = new Byte[Memory.getArrayLength(memory, Memory.getByteArrayElementSize())];
+        LocalRandom.nextBytes(arr);
+        return arr;
+    }
+
+    public void validate(Byte[] arr) {
+        LocalRandom.validate(arr);
+    }
+}
+
+class BooleanObjArrayProducer implements GarbageProducer<Boolean[]> {
+    public Boolean[] create(long memory) {
+        Boolean[] arr = new Boolean[Memory.getArrayLength(memory, Memory.getBooleanArrayElementSize())];
+        LocalRandom.nextBooleans(arr);
+        return arr;
+    }
+
+    public void validate(Boolean[] arr) {
+        LocalRandom.validate(arr);
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/gp/GarbageUtils.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/gp/GarbageUtils.java
index 529b299fd15..282d283c5dc 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/gp/GarbageUtils.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/gp/GarbageUtils.java
@@ -23,12 +23,12 @@
 
 package nsk.share.gc.gp;
 
-import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
 import java.io.StringWriter;
 import java.lang.invoke.*;
 import java.util.*;
 import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+import nsk.share.gc.DefaultProducer;
 import nsk.share.gc.gp.array.*;
 import nsk.share.gc.gp.string.*;
 import nsk.share.gc.gp.list.*;
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ public final class GarbageUtils {
         private static GarbageProducers garbageProducers;
         private static List<GarbageProducer> primitiveArrayProducers;
         private static List<GarbageProducer> arrayProducers;
-        private static final GarbageProducer  byteArrayProducer = new ByteArrayProducer();
+        private static final GarbageProducer defaultProducer = new DefaultProducer();
         public static enum OOM_TYPE {
             ANY (),
             HEAP("Java heap space"),
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ public static void engageGC(long testMemory) {
             Object referenceArray[] = new Object[YOUNG_GC_ITERATIONS];
 
             while (iteration < YOUNG_GC_ITERATIONS) {
-                referenceArray[iteration++] = byteArrayProducer.create(memChunk);
+                referenceArray[iteration++] = defaultProducer.create(memChunk);
                 WhiteBox.getWhiteBox().youngGC();
             }
             WhiteBox.getWhiteBox().fullGC();
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ public void finish() {}
          * @return number of OOME occured
          */
         public static int eatMemory(ExecutionController stresser) {
-            return eatMemory(stresser, byteArrayProducer, 50, 100, 2, OOM_TYPE.ANY);
+            return eatMemory(stresser, defaultProducer, 50, 100, 2, OOM_TYPE.ANY);
         }
 
         /**
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ public static int eatMemory(ExecutionController stresser, GarbageProducer gp, lo
          * @return number of OOME occured
          */
         public static int eatMemory(ExecutionController stresser,long initialFactor, long minMemoryChunk, long factor) {
-            return eatMemory(stresser, byteArrayProducer, initialFactor, minMemoryChunk, factor, OOM_TYPE.ANY);
+            return eatMemory(stresser, defaultProducer, initialFactor, minMemoryChunk, factor, OOM_TYPE.ANY);
         }
 
         /**
@@ -394,6 +394,12 @@ else if (id.equals("floatArr"))
                         return new FloatArrayProducer();
                 else if (id.equals("doubleArr"))
                         return new DoubleArrayProducer();
+                else if (id.equals("BooleanObjArr"))
+                    return new BooleanObjArrayProducer();
+                else if (id.equals("ByteObjArr"))
+                    return new BooleanObjArrayProducer();
+                else if (id.equals("IntegerObjArr"))
+                    return new IntegerObjArrayProducer();
                 else if (id.equals("objectArr"))
                         return new ObjectArrayProducer();
                 else if (id.equals("randomString"))
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/tree/TreeNode.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/tree/TreeNode.java
index 9f67e5cb980..0a13ecc9608 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/tree/TreeNode.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/gc/tree/TreeNode.java
@@ -48,9 +48,15 @@ public final class TreeNode {
          */
         public TreeNode(long memory) {
                 int length = (int) (memory - (4 * 2 + 2 * Memory.getReferenceSize() + Memory.getObjectExtraSize()));
-                if (length > 0)
-                        storage = new byte[length];
                 size = length;
+                if (length <= 0) {
+                    return;
+                }
+                if (Memory.isValhallaEnabled()) {
+                    storage = new Integer[Memory.getArrayLength(memory, Memory.getIntegerArrayElementSize())];
+                } else {
+                    storage = new int[Memory.getArrayLength(memory, Memory.getIntSize())];
+                }
         }
 
         /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/test/LocalRandom.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/test/LocalRandom.java
index 8365c2f9367..0fb191af05e 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/test/LocalRandom.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/test/LocalRandom.java
@@ -113,6 +113,32 @@ public static void validate(byte[] arr) {
         }
     }
 
+    public static void nextBytes(Byte[] arr) {
+        if (arr.length == 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+        int k = Math.max(1, arr.length / maxRandomCount);
+        byte hash = 0;
+        byte b;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length - k; i += k) {
+            b = nextByte();
+            arr[i] = b;
+            hash ^= b;
+        }
+        arr[arr.length - k] = hash;
+    }
+    public static void validate(Byte[] arr) {
+        int k = Math.max(1, arr.length / maxRandomCount);
+        byte hash = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i += k) {
+            hash ^= arr[i];
+        }
+        if (hash != 0) {
+            throw new TestFailure(
+                    "Validation failure: " + arr.getClass() + " hash: " + hash);
+        }
+    }
+
     public static void nextShorts(short[] arr) {
         if (arr.length == 0) {
             return;
@@ -194,6 +220,34 @@ public static void validate(int[] arr) {
         }
     }
 
+
+    public static void nextInts(Integer[] arr) {
+        if (arr.length == 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+        int k = Math.max(1, arr.length / maxRandomCount);
+        int hash = 0;
+        int in;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length - k; i += k) {
+            in = nextInt();
+            hash ^= in;
+            arr[i] = in;
+        }
+        arr[arr.length - k] = hash;
+    }
+
+    public static void validate(Integer[] arr) {
+        int k = Math.max(1, arr.length / maxRandomCount);
+        int hash = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i += k) {
+            hash ^= arr[i];
+        }
+        if (hash != 0) {
+            throw new TestFailure(
+                    "Validation failure: " + arr.getClass() + " hash: " + hash);
+        }
+    }
+
     public static void nextBooleans(boolean[] arr) {
         if (arr.length == 0) {
             return;
@@ -221,6 +275,34 @@ public static void validate(boolean[] arr) {
         }
     }
 
+    public static void nextBooleans(Boolean[] arr) {
+        if (arr.length == 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+        int k = Math.max(1, arr.length / maxRandomCount);
+        boolean hash = false;
+        boolean b;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length - k; i += k) {
+            b = nextBoolean();
+            hash ^= b;
+            arr[i] = b;
+        }
+        arr[arr.length - k] = hash;
+    }
+
+    public static void validate(Boolean[] arr) {
+        int k = Math.max(1, arr.length / maxRandomCount);
+        boolean hash = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i += k) {
+            hash ^= arr[i];
+        }
+        if (hash != false) {
+            throw new TestFailure(
+                    "Validation failure: " + arr.getClass() + " hash: " + hash);
+        }
+    }
+
+
     public static void nextLongs(long[] arr) {
         if (arr.length == 0) {
             return;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/stress/jni/gclocker/gcl001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/stress/jni/gclocker/gcl001.java
index 736d8d197c0..32a24ebe01c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/stress/jni/gclocker/gcl001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/stress/jni/gclocker/gcl001.java
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@
 
 package nsk.stress.jni.gclocker;
 
+import nsk.share.gc.DefaultProducer;
 import nsk.share.gc.GC;
 import nsk.share.gc.ThreadedGCTest;
 import nsk.share.gc.gp.array.BooleanArrayProducer;
@@ -141,11 +142,11 @@ class GarbageProducer implements Runnable {
 
         private int maxSize;
         ExecutionController stresser;
-        ByteArrayProducer bp;
+        DefaultProducer gp;
 
         GarbageProducer(int size) {
             this.maxSize = size;
-            bp = new ByteArrayProducer();
+            gp = new DefaultProducer();
         }
 
         public void run() {
@@ -155,8 +156,7 @@ public void run() {
 
             while (stresser.continueExecution()) {
                 try {
-                    byte[] arr = bp.create(random(maxSize));
-                    tmp = arr;
+                    tmp = gp.create(random(maxSize));
                 } catch (OutOfMemoryError oome) {
                     // Do nothing.
                 }
diff --git a/test/jaxp/ProblemList.txt b/test/jaxp/ProblemList.txt
index a30f1ad30ed..a5b42bc898b 100644
--- a/test/jaxp/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/jaxp/ProblemList.txt
@@ -39,3 +39,4 @@
 
 #############################################################################
 
+# Value Objects failures start here:
diff --git a/test/jdk/ProblemList-AotJdk.txt b/test/jdk/ProblemList-AotJdk.txt
index 1f99d0f6859..37d7a80fa56 100644
--- a/test/jdk/ProblemList-AotJdk.txt
+++ b/test/jdk/ProblemList-AotJdk.txt
@@ -60,3 +60,4 @@ java/util/Locale/UseOldISOCodesTest.java                       0000000 generic-a
 
 #############################################################################
 
+# Value Objects failures start here:
diff --git a/test/jdk/ProblemList-StaticJdk.txt b/test/jdk/ProblemList-StaticJdk.txt
index fc3f2226100..7c14a255d26 100644
--- a/test/jdk/ProblemList-StaticJdk.txt
+++ b/test/jdk/ProblemList-StaticJdk.txt
@@ -41,3 +41,4 @@
 
 #############################################################################
 
+# Value Objects failures start here:
diff --git a/test/jdk/ProblemList-Virtual.txt b/test/jdk/ProblemList-Virtual.txt
index 60fa9884522..573407a6858 100644
--- a/test/jdk/ProblemList-Virtual.txt
+++ b/test/jdk/ProblemList-Virtual.txt
@@ -50,3 +50,4 @@ java/lang/ScopedValue/StressStackOverflow.java#TieredStopAtLevel1 8309646 generi
 
 #############################################################################
 
+# Value Objects failures start here:
diff --git a/test/jdk/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt b/test/jdk/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt
index 5b104f08b16..dd37dde1b9e 100644
--- a/test/jdk/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt
+++ b/test/jdk/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt
@@ -46,3 +46,4 @@ java/lang/reflect/callerCache/ReflectionCallerCacheTest.java    8332028 generic-
 
 #############################################################################
 
+# Value Objects failures start here:
diff --git a/test/jdk/ProblemList-enable-preview.txt b/test/jdk/ProblemList-enable-preview.txt
index b28670c9839..962cd33c979 100644
--- a/test/jdk/ProblemList-enable-preview.txt
+++ b/test/jdk/ProblemList-enable-preview.txt
@@ -33,3 +33,4 @@
 #
 #############################################################################
 
+# Value Objects failures start here:
diff --git a/test/jdk/ProblemList-jvmti-stress-agent.txt b/test/jdk/ProblemList-jvmti-stress-agent.txt
index e96ad2d9b99..9b9cd7ff0db 100644
--- a/test/jdk/ProblemList-jvmti-stress-agent.txt
+++ b/test/jdk/ProblemList-jvmti-stress-agent.txt
@@ -46,3 +46,4 @@ java/lang/ref/ReachabilityFenceTest.java                                    0000
 
 #############################################################################
 
+# Value Objects failures start here:
diff --git a/test/jdk/ProblemList-shenandoah.txt b/test/jdk/ProblemList-shenandoah.txt
index 533ad5d613c..35aeef7302e 100644
--- a/test/jdk/ProblemList-shenandoah.txt
+++ b/test/jdk/ProblemList-shenandoah.txt
@@ -74,3 +74,4 @@ jdk/jfr/startupargs/TestOldObjectQueueSize.java         8342951     generic-all
 
 #############################################################################
 
+# Value Objects failures start here:
diff --git a/test/jdk/ProblemList-zgc.txt b/test/jdk/ProblemList-zgc.txt
index ae3d8c33e96..19f905ddcfd 100644
--- a/test/jdk/ProblemList-zgc.txt
+++ b/test/jdk/ProblemList-zgc.txt
@@ -45,3 +45,4 @@ com/sun/jdi/ThreadMemoryLeakTest.java              8307402   generic-all
 
 #############################################################################
 
+# Value Objects failures start here:
diff --git a/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt b/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
index 8879aa2e5b6..59d58a664dd 100644
--- a/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
@@ -695,3 +695,10 @@ tools/sincechecker/modules/jdk.management.jfr/JdkManagementJfrCheckSince.java 83
 
 #############################################################################
 
+# Value Objects failures start here:
+
+java/awt/image/multiresolution/MultiResolutionToolkitImageTest.java 8375778 macosx-aarch64
+
+java/util/Arrays/largeMemory/ParallelPrefix.java 8386501 generic-all
+
+sun/tools/jhsdb/JStackStressTest.java 8247940 macosx-aarch64
diff --git a/test/jdk/TEST.groups b/test/jdk/TEST.groups
index f8624f60b67..70d74ed75d9 100644
--- a/test/jdk/TEST.groups
+++ b/test/jdk/TEST.groups
@@ -45,9 +45,17 @@ tier1 = \
 tier1_part1 = \
     :jdk_lang
 
+tier1_part1_no_valhalla = \
+    :tier1_part1 \
+    -:jdk_valhalla
+
 tier1_part2 = \
     :jdk_util
 
+tier1_part2_no_valhalla = \
+    :tier1_part2 \
+    -:jdk_valhalla
+
 tier1_part3 = \
     :jdk_math \
     :jdk_svc_sanity \
@@ -58,6 +66,14 @@ tier1_part3 = \
     jdk/classfile \
     sun/nio/cs/ISO8859x.java
 
+tier1_part3_no_valhalla = \
+    :tier1_part3 \
+    -:jdk_valhalla
+
+tier1_no_valhalla = \
+    :tier1 \
+    -:jdk_valhalla
+
 # When adding tests to tier2, make sure they end up in one of the tier2_partX groups
 tier2 = \
     :tier2_part1 \
@@ -137,7 +153,16 @@ jdk_lang = \
     jdk/internal/math \
     jdk/internal/vm \
     jdk/modules \
-    jni/nullCaller
+    jni/nullCaller \
+    valhalla
+
+# valhalla lworld tests
+jdk_valhalla = \
+    valhalla \
+    java/lang/instrument/valhalla \
+    com/sun/jdi/valhalla \
+    java/lang/reflect/valhalla
+
 
 # All of the java.util package
 jdk_util = \
@@ -146,6 +171,11 @@ jdk_util = \
     :jdk_concurrent \
     :jdk_stream
 
+valhalla_adopted = \
+    java/util/Collections/AddAll.java \
+    java/util/Arrays \
+    java/util/Collections
+
 # All util components not part of some other util category
 jdk_util_other = \
     java/util \
diff --git a/test/jdk/com/sun/jdi/TestScaffold.java b/test/jdk/com/sun/jdi/TestScaffold.java
index 92779738998..bb5dd410d20 100644
--- a/test/jdk/com/sun/jdi/TestScaffold.java
+++ b/test/jdk/com/sun/jdi/TestScaffold.java
@@ -558,9 +558,10 @@ private ArgInfo parseArgs(String args[]) {
         // and set property 'test.thread.factory' so test could use DebuggeeWrapper.isVirtual() method
         String testThreadFactoryName = DebuggeeWrapper.getTestThreadFactoryName();
         if (testThreadFactoryName != null && !argInfo.targetAppCommandLine.isEmpty()) {
-            argInfo.targetVMArgs += "-D" + DebuggeeWrapper.PROPERTY_NAME + "=" + testThreadFactoryName;
+            argInfo.targetVMArgs += "-D" + DebuggeeWrapper.PROPERTY_NAME + "=" + testThreadFactoryName + " ";
             argInfo.targetAppCommandLine = DebuggeeWrapper.class.getName() + ' ' + argInfo.targetAppCommandLine;
-        } else if ("true".equals(System.getProperty("test.enable.preview"))) {
+        }
+        if ("true".equals(System.getProperty("test.enable.preview"))) {
             // the test specified @enablePreview.
             argInfo.targetVMArgs += "--enable-preview ";
         }
diff --git a/test/jdk/com/sun/jdi/valhalla/CtorDebuggingTest.java b/test/jdk/com/sun/jdi/valhalla/CtorDebuggingTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..010dbfb19e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/com/sun/jdi/valhalla/CtorDebuggingTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,439 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test value class constructor debugging
+ * @library ..
+ * @enablePreview
+ *
+ * @comment No other references
+ * @run main CtorDebuggingTest
+ *
+ * @comment All references exist
+ * @run main CtorDebuggingTest 1 2 3
+ *
+ * @comment No reference at step 2
+ * @run main CtorDebuggingTest 1 3
+ */
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
+import java.util.regex.Matcher;
+
+import com.sun.jdi.ClassType;
+import com.sun.jdi.Field;
+import com.sun.jdi.IncompatibleThreadStateException;
+import com.sun.jdi.IntegerValue;
+import com.sun.jdi.Location;
+import com.sun.jdi.ObjectReference;
+import com.sun.jdi.ReferenceType;
+import com.sun.jdi.StackFrame;
+import com.sun.jdi.ThreadReference;
+import com.sun.jdi.event.BreakpointEvent;
+import com.sun.jdi.event.ClassPrepareEvent;
+import com.sun.jdi.event.Event;
+import com.sun.jdi.event.EventSet;
+import com.sun.jdi.event.VMDisconnectEvent;
+import com.sun.jdi.request.BreakpointRequest;
+import com.sun.jdi.request.EventRequest;
+import com.sun.jdi.request.EventRequestManager;
+
+/*
+ * The test reproduces scenarios when ObjectReference for value object is fetched during the object construction
+ * and the object content is changed later. When "this" ObjectReference for value object is requested,
+ * JDI returns existing reference if there are other references to the equal value object or create a new one otherwise.
+ * The test debugs "new Value(3,6)" statement by setting breakpoints in Value class constructor at locations
+ * when the object being constructed is (0,0), (3,0) and (3,6).
+ *
+ * Test scenarios are defined by test arguments; TestScaffold passes them creating debuggee process (TargetApp class).
+ * Debugsee initializes static fields with value objects (0,0), (3,0), (3,6) depending on the passed arguments.
+ * Debugger gets ObjectReferences for the fields before testing.
+ *
+ * Tested scenarios:
+ * - no existing references;
+ * - all 3 references exists;
+ * - there are references for 1 and 3 breakpoints.
+ *
+ */
+public class CtorDebuggingTest extends TestScaffold {
+
+    static value class Value {
+        int x;
+        int y;
+        Value(int x, int y) {
+            this.x = x;                 // @1 breakpoint
+            this.y = y;                 // @2 breakpoint
+            System.out.println(".");    // @3 breakpoint
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class TargetApp {
+        public static Value v1;
+        public static Value v2;
+        public static Value v3;
+
+        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+            // ensure the class is loaded
+            Class.forName(Value.class.getName());
+            List<String> argList = Arrays.asList(args);
+            if (argList.contains("1")) {
+                v1 = new Value(0, 0);
+            }
+            if (argList.contains("2")) {
+                v2 = new Value(3, 0);
+            }
+            if (argList.contains("3")) {
+                v3 = new Value(3, 6);
+            }
+            System.out.println(">>main"); // @prepared breakpoint
+            Value v = new Value(3, 6);
+            System.out.println("<<main"); // @done breakpoint
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        new CtorDebuggingTest(args).startTests();
+    }
+
+    Field xField;
+    Field yField;
+
+    CtorDebuggingTest(String args[]) {
+        super(args);
+    }
+
+    ObjectReference getStaticFieldObject(ReferenceType cls, String fieldName) throws Exception {
+        Field field = cls.fieldByName(fieldName);
+        ObjectReference result = (ObjectReference)cls.getValue(field);
+        System.out.println(fieldName + " static field: " + valueString(result));
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    ObjectReference getThisObject(BreakpointEvent bkptEvent) {
+        try {
+            return bkptEvent.thread().frame(0).thisObject();
+        } catch (IncompatibleThreadStateException ex) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Cannot get 'this' object", ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    String valueString(ObjectReference obj) {
+        if (obj == null) {
+            return "null";
+        }
+        IntegerValue ix = (IntegerValue)obj.getValue(xField);
+        IntegerValue iy = (IntegerValue)obj.getValue(yField);
+        return obj + " (" + "x: " + ix + ", y: " + iy + ")";
+    }
+
+    void assertEquals(Object obj1, Object obj2) {
+        if (!Objects.equals(obj1, obj2)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Must be equal: " + obj1 + " and " + obj2);
+        }
+        // Sanity check that equal objects has equal hashCode.
+        if (obj1 != null) {
+            if (obj1.hashCode() != obj2.hashCode()) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Equal objects have different hashCode: "
+                                           + obj1.hashCode() + " and " + obj2.hashCode());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    void assertNotEquals(Object obj1, Object obj2) {
+        if (Objects.equals(obj1, obj2)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Must be different: " + obj1 + " and " + obj2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Sanity testing for value object detection logic.
+    void verifyClassIsValueClass(ClassType theClass, boolean expected) {
+        // VM constants
+        final int IDENTITY = 0x0020;
+        final int INTERFACE = 0x00000200;
+        final int ABSTRACT = 0x00000400;
+
+        int modifiers = theClass.modifiers();
+        boolean isIdentity = (modifiers & IDENTITY) != 0;
+        boolean isInterface = (modifiers & INTERFACE) != 0;
+        boolean isAbstract = (modifiers & ABSTRACT) != 0;
+        boolean isValueClass = !isIdentity;
+        System.out.println("Class " + theClass + " is value class: " + (isValueClass ? "YES" : "NO"));
+        if (isValueClass != expected) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("IsValueClass verification failed: "
+                                     + " " + isValueClass + ", expected: " + expected
+                                     + " (isIdentity: " + isIdentity
+                                     + " (isInterface: " + isInterface
+                                     + " (isAbstract: " + isAbstract + ")");
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Parses the specified source file for "@{id} breakpoint" tags and returns <id, line_number> map.
+    // Example:
+    //   System.out.println("BP is here");  // @my_breakpoint breakpoint
+    public static Map<String, Integer> parseBreakpoints(String filePath) {
+        return parseTags("breakpoint", filePath);
+    }
+
+    public static Map<String, Integer> parseTags(String tag, String filePath) {
+        final String regexp = "\\@(.*?) " + tag;
+        Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(regexp);
+        int lineNum = 1;
+        Map<String, Integer> result = new HashMap<>();
+        try {
+            for (String line: Files.readAllLines(Paths.get(filePath))) {
+                Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(line);
+                if (matcher.find()) {
+                    result.put(matcher.group(1), lineNum);
+                }
+                lineNum++;
+            }
+        } catch (IOException ex) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("failed to parse " + filePath, ex);
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public static String getTestSourcePath(String fileName) {
+        return Paths.get(System.getProperty("test.src")).resolve(fileName).toString();
+    }
+
+    public static String getThisTestFile() {
+        return System.getProperty("test.file");
+    }
+
+    // TestScaffold is not very good in handling multiple breakpoints.
+    // This helper class is a listener which resumes debuggee after breakpoints.
+    class MultiBreakpointHandler extends TargetAdapter {
+        boolean needToResume = false;
+        // the map stores "this" in all breakpoints
+        Map<BreakpointRequest, ObjectReference> thisObjects = new HashMap<>();
+
+        @Override
+        public void eventSetComplete(EventSet set) {
+            if (needToResume) {
+                set.resume();
+                needToResume = false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        BreakpointRequest addBreakpoint(Location loc, ObjectReference filterObject) {
+            final BreakpointRequest request = eventRequestManager().createBreakpointRequest(loc);
+            if (filterObject != null) {
+                request.addInstanceFilter(filterObject);
+            }
+            request.enable();
+
+            TargetAdapter adapter = new TargetAdapter() {
+                @Override
+                public void breakpointReached(BreakpointEvent event) {
+                    if (request.equals(event.request())) {
+                        ObjectReference thisObject = getThisObject(event);
+                        System.out.println("BreakpointEvent: " + event
+                                           + " (instanceFilter: " + valueString(filterObject) + ")"
+                                           + ", this = " + valueString(thisObject));
+                        thisObjects.put((BreakpointRequest)event.request(), thisObject);
+                        needToResume = true;
+                        removeThisListener();
+                    }
+                }
+            };
+
+            addListener(adapter);
+
+            System.out.println("Breakpoint added: " + loc
+                               + " (instanceFilter: " + valueString(filterObject) + ")");
+
+            return request;
+        }
+
+        // Resumes the debuggee and goes through all breackpoints until the location specified is reached.
+        void resumeTo(Location loc) {
+            final BreakpointRequest request = eventRequestManager().createBreakpointRequest(loc);
+            request.enable();
+
+            class EventNotification {
+                boolean completed = false;
+                boolean disconnected = false;
+            }
+            final EventNotification en = new EventNotification();
+
+            TargetAdapter adapter = new TargetAdapter() {
+                public void eventReceived(Event event) {
+                    if (request.equals(event.request())) {
+                        synchronized (en) {
+                            en.completed = true;
+                            en.notifyAll();
+                        }
+                        removeThisListener();
+                    } else if (event instanceof VMDisconnectEvent) {
+                        synchronized (en) {
+                            en.disconnected = true;
+                            en.notifyAll();
+                        }
+                        removeThisListener();
+                    }
+                }
+            };
+
+            addListener(adapter);
+            // this must be the last listener (as it resumes the debuggee)
+            addListener(this);
+
+            try {
+                synchronized (en) {
+                    vm().resume();
+                    while (!en.completed && !en.disconnected) {
+                        en.wait();
+                    }
+                }
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            }
+
+            removeListener(this);
+
+            if (en.disconnected) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("VM Disconnected before requested event occurred");
+            }
+        }
+
+        // check if the breakpoint was hit.
+        boolean breakpointHit(BreakpointRequest bkpt) {
+            return thisObjects.containsKey(bkpt);
+        }
+
+        ObjectReference thisAtBreakpoint(BreakpointRequest bkpt) {
+            return thisObjects.get(bkpt);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void runTests() throws Exception {
+        BreakpointEvent bpe = startToMain(TargetApp.class.getName());
+        ClassType targetClass = (ClassType)bpe.location().declaringType();
+
+        Map<String, Integer> breakpoints = parseBreakpoints(getThisTestFile());
+        System.out.println("breakpoints:");
+        for (var entry : breakpoints.entrySet()) {
+            System.out.println("  tag " + entry.getKey() + ", line " + entry.getValue());
+        }
+
+        Location locPrepared = findLocation(targetClass, breakpoints.get("prepared"));
+        Location locDone = findLocation(targetClass, breakpoints.get("done"));
+
+        resumeTo(locPrepared);
+        System.out.println("PREPARED");
+
+        ClassType valueClass = (ClassType)findReferenceType(Value.class.getName());
+        System.out.println(Value.class.getName() + ": " + valueClass);
+        xField = valueClass.fieldByName("x");
+        yField = valueClass.fieldByName("y");
+
+        verifyClassIsValueClass(valueClass, true);
+        verifyClassIsValueClass(targetClass, false);
+
+        // Get references for pre-created objects created by debuggee.
+        ObjectReference v1 = getStaticFieldObject(targetClass, "v1");
+        ObjectReference v2 = getStaticFieldObject(targetClass, "v2");
+        ObjectReference v3 = getStaticFieldObject(targetClass, "v3");
+
+        MultiBreakpointHandler breakpointHandler = new MultiBreakpointHandler();
+
+        // Breakpoints for location when "this" is (0,0).
+        Location loc1 = findLocation(valueClass, breakpoints.get("1"));
+        BreakpointRequest bkpt1 = breakpointHandler.addBreakpoint(loc1, null);
+        BreakpointRequest bkpt1_v1 = v1 == null ? null : breakpointHandler.addBreakpoint(loc1, v1);
+        BreakpointRequest bkpt1_v2 = v2 == null ? null : breakpointHandler.addBreakpoint(loc1, v2);
+        BreakpointRequest bkpt1_v3 = v3 == null ? null : breakpointHandler.addBreakpoint(loc1, v3);
+
+        // Breakpoints for location when "this" is (3,0).
+        Location loc2 = findLocation(valueClass, breakpoints.get("2"));
+        BreakpointRequest bkpt2 = breakpointHandler.addBreakpoint(loc2, null);
+        BreakpointRequest bkpt2_v1 = v1 == null ? null : breakpointHandler.addBreakpoint(loc2, v1);
+        BreakpointRequest bkpt2_v2 = v2 == null ? null : breakpointHandler.addBreakpoint(loc2, v2);
+        BreakpointRequest bkpt2_v3 = v3 == null ? null : breakpointHandler.addBreakpoint(loc2, v3);
+
+        // Breakpoints for location when "this" is (3,6).
+        Location loc3 = findLocation(valueClass, breakpoints.get("3"));
+        BreakpointRequest bkpt3 = breakpointHandler.addBreakpoint(loc3, null);
+        BreakpointRequest bkpt3_v1 = v1 == null ? null : breakpointHandler.addBreakpoint(loc3, v1);
+        BreakpointRequest bkpt3_v2 = v2 == null ? null : breakpointHandler.addBreakpoint(loc3, v2);
+        BreakpointRequest bkpt3_v3 = v3 == null ? null : breakpointHandler.addBreakpoint(loc3, v3);
+
+        // Go through all breakpoints.
+        breakpointHandler.resumeTo(locDone);
+
+        System.out.println("DONE");
+
+        // Analyze gathered data depending on the testcase.
+        if (v1 == null && v2 == null && v3 == null) {
+            // No other references.
+            // ObjectID is generated at the 1st breakpoint (reference to a snapshot of heap object being constructed),
+            // and later we get snapshots of the updated oop as its content is changing.
+            assertNotEquals(breakpointHandler.thisAtBreakpoint(bkpt1), breakpointHandler.thisAtBreakpoint(bkpt2));
+            assertNotEquals(breakpointHandler.thisAtBreakpoint(bkpt2), breakpointHandler.thisAtBreakpoint(bkpt3));
+            // There is no breakpoints with instance filter.
+        } else if (v1 != null && v2 != null && v3 != null) {
+            // Existing references to value objects with the same content as the object being constructed.
+            assertEquals(breakpointHandler.thisAtBreakpoint(bkpt1), v1);
+            assertEquals(breakpointHandler.thisAtBreakpoint(bkpt1_v1), v1);
+            assertEquals(breakpointHandler.thisAtBreakpoint(bkpt1_v2), null);
+            assertEquals(breakpointHandler.thisAtBreakpoint(bkpt1_v3), null);
+            assertEquals(breakpointHandler.thisAtBreakpoint(bkpt2), v2);
+            assertEquals(breakpointHandler.thisAtBreakpoint(bkpt2_v1), null);
+            assertEquals(breakpointHandler.thisAtBreakpoint(bkpt2_v2), v2);
+            assertEquals(breakpointHandler.thisAtBreakpoint(bkpt2_v3), null);
+            assertEquals(breakpointHandler.thisAtBreakpoint(bkpt3), v3);
+            assertEquals(breakpointHandler.thisAtBreakpoint(bkpt3_v1), null);
+            assertEquals(breakpointHandler.thisAtBreakpoint(bkpt3_v2), null);
+            assertEquals(breakpointHandler.thisAtBreakpoint(bkpt3_v3), v3);
+        } else if (v1 != null && v2 == null && v3 != null) {
+            // At 2nd breakpoint new ObjectID is generated.
+            ObjectReference thisAt2 = breakpointHandler.thisAtBreakpoint(bkpt2);
+            assertNotEquals(thisAt2, null);
+            assertNotEquals(thisAt2, v1);
+            // Now thisAt2 should not have the same content as v3.
+            assertNotEquals(thisAt2, v3);
+            // At breakpoint 1 this == v1.
+            assertEquals(breakpointHandler.thisAtBreakpoint(bkpt1), v1);
+            assertEquals(breakpointHandler.thisAtBreakpoint(bkpt1_v1), v1);
+            assertEquals(breakpointHandler.thisAtBreakpoint(bkpt1_v3), null);
+            // At breakpoint 3 this == v3.
+            assertEquals(breakpointHandler.thisAtBreakpoint(bkpt3), v3);
+            assertEquals(breakpointHandler.thisAtBreakpoint(bkpt3_v1), null);
+            assertEquals(breakpointHandler.thisAtBreakpoint(bkpt3_v3), v3);
+        } else {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Unknown test case");
+        }
+
+        resumeToVMDisconnect();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/com/sun/jdi/valhalla/FieldWatchpointsTest.java b/test/jdk/com/sun/jdi/valhalla/FieldWatchpointsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bcdb32bc569
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/com/sun/jdi/valhalla/FieldWatchpointsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @summary Sanity test for AccessWatchpoint/ModificationWatchpoint and InstanceFilter with value objects
+ *
+ * @library ..
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm FieldWatchpointsTest
+ */
+import com.sun.jdi.Field;
+import com.sun.jdi.ClassType;
+import com.sun.jdi.Method;
+import com.sun.jdi.ObjectReference;
+import com.sun.jdi.ThreadReference;
+import com.sun.jdi.Value;
+import com.sun.jdi.event.AccessWatchpointEvent;
+import com.sun.jdi.event.BreakpointEvent;
+import com.sun.jdi.event.ModificationWatchpointEvent;
+import com.sun.jdi.event.WatchpointEvent;
+import com.sun.jdi.request.WatchpointRequest;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+value class FieldWatchpointsTarg {
+    static value class Value {
+        int v;
+        Value() {
+            this(0);
+        }
+        Value(int v) {
+            this.v = v;
+        }
+        public int getValue() {
+            return v;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Value staticField = new Value(1);
+    // flattened field
+    Value instanceField = new Value(2);
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        System.out.println(">>Targ.main");
+        // modify FieldWatchpointsTarg.instanceField and FieldWatchpointsTarg.instanceField.v
+        FieldWatchpointsTarg targ = new FieldWatchpointsTarg();
+        // access FieldWatchpointsTarg.instanceField and FieldWatchpointsTarg.instanceField.v
+        System.out.println("obj value = " + targ.instanceField.v);
+        // access FieldWatchpointsTarg.staticField and FieldWatchpointsTarg.staticField.v
+        System.out.println("staticField value = " + staticField.v);
+        System.out.println("<<Targ.main");
+    }
+}
+
+public class FieldWatchpointsTest extends TestScaffold {
+
+    FieldWatchpointsTest (String args[]) {
+        super(args);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args)      throws Exception {
+        new FieldWatchpointsTest(args).startTests();
+    }
+
+    boolean equals(ObjectReference obj1, ObjectReference obj2) throws Exception {
+        return obj1.equals(obj2);
+    }
+
+    void assertEqual(ObjectReference obj1, ObjectReference obj2) throws Exception {
+        if (!equals(obj1, obj2)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Values are not equal: " + obj1 + " and " + obj2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    void assertNotEqual(ObjectReference obj1, ObjectReference obj2) throws Exception {
+        if (equals(obj1, obj2)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Values are equal: " + obj1 + " and " + obj2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void fieldAccessed(AccessWatchpointEvent event) {
+        TestCase.watchpoint(event);
+    }
+
+    public void fieldModified(ModificationWatchpointEvent event) {
+        TestCase.watchpoint(event);
+    }
+
+    protected void runTests() throws Exception {
+        List<TestCase> testCases = new ArrayList<>();
+        try {
+            BreakpointEvent bpe = startToMain("FieldWatchpointsTarg");
+            ThreadReference mainThread = bpe.thread();
+            ClassType testClass = (ClassType)bpe.location().declaringType();
+            Field staticValueField = testClass.fieldByName("staticField");
+            Field instanceValueField = testClass.fieldByName("instanceField");
+            ClassType valueClass = (ClassType)staticValueField.type();
+            ObjectReference staticFieldValue = (ObjectReference)testClass.getValue(staticValueField);
+
+            Field watchField = valueClass.fieldByName("v");
+
+            WatchpointRequest request = eventRequestManager().createModificationWatchpointRequest(watchField);
+            testCases.add(new TestCase("modify", 1, request)); // instanceField ctor
+
+            request = eventRequestManager().createAccessWatchpointRequest(watchField);
+            testCases.add(new TestCase("access", 2, request)); // staticField, instanceField
+
+            request = eventRequestManager().createModificationWatchpointRequest(instanceValueField);
+            testCases.add(new TestCase("modify flat", 1, request)); // instanceField ctor
+
+            request = eventRequestManager().createAccessWatchpointRequest(instanceValueField);
+            testCases.add(new TestCase("access flat", 1, request)); // println(targ.instanceField.v)
+
+            request = eventRequestManager().createAccessWatchpointRequest(watchField);
+            request.addInstanceFilter(staticFieldValue);
+            testCases.add(new TestCase("access+instanceFilter", 1, request)); // only staticField
+        } finally {
+            listenUntilVMDisconnect();
+        }
+
+        for (TestCase test: testCases) {
+            String msg = "Testcase: " + test.name
+                        + ", count = " + test.count
+                        + ", expectedCount = " + test.expectedCount;
+            System.out.println(msg);
+            if (test.count != test.expectedCount) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("FAILED " + msg);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    class TestCase {
+        String name;
+        int count;
+        int expectedCount;
+        TestCase(String name, int expectedCount, WatchpointRequest request) {
+            this.name = name;
+            this.expectedCount = expectedCount;
+            request.putProperty("testcase", this);
+            request.enable();
+        }
+
+        static void watchpoint(WatchpointEvent event) {
+            TestCase test = (TestCase)event.request().getProperty("testcase");
+            test.count++;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/com/sun/jdi/valhalla/ValueArrayReferenceTest.java b/test/jdk/com/sun/jdi/valhalla/ValueArrayReferenceTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f4229578e7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/com/sun/jdi/valhalla/ValueArrayReferenceTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @summary Sanity test for ArrayReference (getValue/setValue) with flat arrays
+ *
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @library ..
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm ValueArrayReferenceTest
+ *                   --add-modules java.base --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED
+ */
+import com.sun.jdi.ArrayReference;
+import com.sun.jdi.Field;
+import com.sun.jdi.ReferenceType;
+import com.sun.jdi.Value;
+import com.sun.jdi.event.BreakpointEvent;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+
+class ValueArrayReferenceTarg {
+    static value class Value {
+        int v;
+        Value() {
+            this(0);
+        }
+        Value(int v) {
+            this.v = v;
+        }
+        public int getValue() {
+            return v;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int ARRAY_SIZE = 5;
+    static void initArray(Value[] arr) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+            arr[i] = new Value(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Value[] testRegularArray;
+    static Value[] testNullableAtomicArray;
+    static Value[] testNonNullNonAtomicArray;
+    static Value[] testNonNullAtomicArray;
+
+    static Value otherValue = new Value(25);
+
+    static {
+        try {
+            testRegularArray = new Value[ARRAY_SIZE];
+            initArray(testRegularArray);
+
+            testNullableAtomicArray = (Value[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(Value.class, ARRAY_SIZE);
+            initArray(testNullableAtomicArray);
+
+            testNonNullNonAtomicArray = (Value[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Value.class, ARRAY_SIZE, Value.class.newInstance());
+            initArray(testNonNullNonAtomicArray);
+
+            testNonNullAtomicArray = (Value[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(Value.class, ARRAY_SIZE, Value.class.newInstance());
+            initArray(testNonNullAtomicArray);
+        } catch (Exception ex) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        System.out.println("Hello and goodbye from main");
+    }
+}
+
+public class ValueArrayReferenceTest extends TestScaffold {
+
+    ValueArrayReferenceTest (String args[]) {
+        super(args);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        new ValueArrayReferenceTest(args).startTests();
+    }
+
+    String arrayToString(ArrayReference array) {
+        List<Value> values = array.getValues();
+        // Mirror.toString reports object type and reference id,
+        // it should be enough to see if objects are different.
+        return values.stream()
+                .map(String::valueOf)
+                .collect(Collectors.joining(", ", "[", "]"));
+    }
+
+    Value getFieldValue(ReferenceType cls, String fieldName) {
+        System.out.println("Getting value from " + fieldName);
+        Value value = cls.getValue(cls.fieldByName(fieldName));
+        System.out.println(" - " + value);
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    ArrayReference getArrayFromField(ReferenceType cls, Field field) throws Exception {
+        System.out.println("Getting array from " + field.name());
+        ArrayReference array = (ArrayReference)cls.getValue(field);
+        System.out.println(" - " + array);
+        System.out.println("   " + arrayToString(array));
+        return array;
+    }
+
+    boolean arraysEquals(ArrayReference arr1, ArrayReference arr2) throws Exception {
+        // Compare string representation of the array (contains object type and id for each element).
+        String s1 = arrayToString(arr1);
+        String s2 = arrayToString(arr2);
+        return s1.equals(s2);
+    }
+
+    void fillArrayWithOtherValue(ArrayReference arr, Value value) throws Exception {
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length(); i++) {
+            arr.setValue(i, value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    void verifyArraysEqual(List<ArrayReference> arrays) throws Exception {
+        // Compare 1st and 2nd, 2nd and 3rd, etc.
+        for (int i = 1; i < arrays.size(); i++) { // start from 1
+            ArrayReference arr1 = arrays.get(i - 1);
+            ArrayReference arr2 = arrays.get(i);
+            if (!arraysEquals(arr1, arr2)) {
+                System.out.println("Arrays are different (" + (i - 1) + " and " + i + "):"
+                                 + "\n    - " + arrayToString(arr1)
+                                 + "\n    - " + arrayToString(arr2));
+                throw new RuntimeException("Arrays are different");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected void runTests() throws Exception {
+        try {
+            BreakpointEvent bpe = startToMain("ValueArrayReferenceTarg");
+            ReferenceType cls = bpe.location().declaringType();
+
+            // Get all arrays.
+            List<ArrayReference> arrays = new ArrayList<>();
+            List<Field> fields = cls.allFields();
+            for (Field field: fields) {
+                if (field.name().startsWith("test")) {
+                    arrays.add(getArrayFromField(cls, field));
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Ensure elements in all arrays are equal.
+            verifyArraysEqual(arrays);
+
+            // Update arrays.
+            Value otherValue = getFieldValue(cls, "otherValue");
+            for (ArrayReference arr: arrays) {
+                fillArrayWithOtherValue(arr, otherValue);
+                System.out.println("Array after update:");
+                System.out.println("   " + arrayToString(arr));
+            }
+
+            // Ensure elements in all arrays are equal.
+            verifyArraysEqual(arrays);
+        } finally {
+            // Resume the target until end.
+            listenUntilVMDisconnect();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/com/sun/jdi/valhalla/ValueClassTypeTest.java b/test/jdk/com/sun/jdi/valhalla/ValueClassTypeTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f7b80833b96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/com/sun/jdi/valhalla/ValueClassTypeTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @summary Sanity test for ClassType (getValue, setValue, newInstance) with value objects
+ *
+ * @library ..
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm ValueClassTypeTest
+ */
+import com.sun.jdi.Field;
+import com.sun.jdi.ClassType;
+import com.sun.jdi.Method;
+import com.sun.jdi.ObjectReference;
+import com.sun.jdi.ThreadReference;
+import com.sun.jdi.Value;
+import com.sun.jdi.event.BreakpointEvent;
+import java.util.List;
+
+class ValueClassTypeTarg {
+    static value class Value {
+        static Value staticField = new Value(1);
+
+        int v;
+        Value() {
+            this(0);
+        }
+        Value(int v) {
+            this.v = v;
+        }
+        public int getValue() {
+            return v;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Value staticField = new Value(2);
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        System.out.println("Hello and goodbye from main");
+    }
+}
+
+public class ValueClassTypeTest extends TestScaffold {
+
+    ValueClassTypeTest (String args[]) {
+        super(args);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args)      throws Exception {
+        new ValueClassTypeTest(args).startTests();
+    }
+
+    boolean equals(ObjectReference obj1, ObjectReference obj2) throws Exception {
+        return obj1.equals(obj2);
+    }
+
+    void assertEqual(ObjectReference obj1, ObjectReference obj2) throws Exception {
+        if (!equals(obj1, obj2)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Values are not equal: " + obj1 + " and " + obj2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    void assertNotEqual(ObjectReference obj1, ObjectReference obj2) throws Exception {
+        if (equals(obj1, obj2)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Values are equal: " + obj1 + " and " + obj2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected void runTests() throws Exception {
+        try {
+            BreakpointEvent bpe = startToMain("ValueClassTypeTarg");
+            ThreadReference mainThread = bpe.thread();
+            ClassType testClass = (ClassType)bpe.location().declaringType();
+            Field testField = testClass.fieldByName("staticField");
+            ObjectReference value1 = (ObjectReference)testClass.getValue(testField);
+
+            ClassType valueClass = (ClassType)value1.type();
+
+            Method valueCtor = valueClass.concreteMethodByName("<init>", "(I)V");
+
+            ObjectReference newValue1 = valueClass.newInstance(mainThread, valueCtor, List.of(vm().mirrorOf(10)), 0);
+            // sanity check for enableCollection/disableCollection
+            newValue1.disableCollection();
+
+            testClass.setValue(testField, newValue1);
+
+            ObjectReference updatedValue1 = (ObjectReference)testClass.getValue(testField);
+
+            assertEqual(updatedValue1, newValue1);
+            assertNotEqual(value1, newValue1);
+
+            // sanity check for enableCollection/disableCollection
+            newValue1.enableCollection();
+        } finally {
+            // Resume the target until end
+            listenUntilVMDisconnect();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/io/Serializable/records/BadCanonicalCtrTest.java b/test/jdk/java/io/Serializable/records/BadCanonicalCtrTest.java
index 528a006fc87..aa24c584770 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/io/Serializable/records/BadCanonicalCtrTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/io/Serializable/records/BadCanonicalCtrTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -40,16 +40,14 @@
 import java.lang.classfile.ClassTransform;
 import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
 import java.lang.classfile.MethodModel;
+import java.lang.classfile.TypeKind;
 import java.lang.constant.MethodTypeDesc;
 
 import jdk.test.lib.compiler.InMemoryJavaCompiler;
 import jdk.test.lib.ByteCodeLoader;
 import static java.lang.System.out;
-import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.ACC_PUBLIC;
-import static java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs.CD_Object;
-import static java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs.CD_void;
-import static java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs.INIT_NAME;
-import static java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs.MTD_void;
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.*;
+import static java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs.*;
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
@@ -220,10 +218,29 @@ static byte[] removeConstructor(byte[] classBytes) {
      */
     static byte[] modifyConstructor(byte[] classBytes) {
         var cf = ClassFile.of();
+        var classModel = cf.parse(classBytes);
         return cf.transformClass(cf.parse(classBytes), ClassTransform.dropping(ce ->
                         ce instanceof MethodModel mm && mm.methodName().equalsString(INIT_NAME))
                 .andThen(ClassTransform.endHandler(clb -> clb.withMethodBody(INIT_NAME,
                         MethodTypeDesc.of(CD_void, CD_Object), ACC_PUBLIC, cob -> {
+                            // Initialize strict fields, if any
+                            for (var field : classModel.fields()) {
+                                if ((field.flags().flagsMask() & (ACC_STRICT_INIT | ACC_STATIC)) != ACC_STRICT_INIT) {
+                                    continue;
+                                }
+                                var fieldType = field.fieldTypeSymbol();
+                                cob.aload(0);
+                                switch (TypeKind.from(fieldType).asLoadable()) {
+                                    case INT -> cob.iconst_0();
+                                    case LONG -> cob.lconst_0();
+                                    case FLOAT -> cob.fconst_0();
+                                    case DOUBLE -> cob.dconst_0();
+                                    case REFERENCE -> cob.aconst_null();
+                                    default -> throw new IllegalArgumentException(fieldType.descriptorString());
+                                }
+                                var cp = cob.constantPool();
+                                cob.putfield(cp.fieldRefEntry(classModel.thisClass(), cp.nameAndTypeEntry(field.fieldName(), field.fieldType())));
+                            }
                             cob.aload(0);
                             cob.invokespecial(Record.class.describeConstable().orElseThrow(),
                                     INIT_NAME, MTD_void);
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/io/Serializable/valueObjects/SerializeAllValueClasses.java b/test/jdk/java/io/Serializable/valueObjects/SerializeAllValueClasses.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7a48f610c10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/io/Serializable/valueObjects/SerializeAllValueClasses.java
@@ -0,0 +1,344 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @run junit/othervm --enable-preview SerializeAllValueClasses
+ * @run junit/othervm SerializeAllValueClasses
+ */
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
+import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.net.URISyntaxException;
+import java.nio.file.FileSystem;
+import java.nio.file.FileSystems;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.time.Clock;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.time.LocalDate;
+import java.time.LocalDateTime;
+import java.time.LocalTime;
+import java.time.Month;
+import java.time.ZonedDateTime;
+import java.time.chrono.HijrahDate;
+import java.time.chrono.JapaneseDate;
+import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit;
+import java.time.temporal.TemporalAccessor;
+import java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+/**
+ * Scans all classes in the JDK for those recognized as value classes
+ * or with the annotation jdk.internal.misc.ValueBasedClass.
+ *
+ * Scanning is done over the jrt: filesystem. Classes are matched using the
+ * following criteria:
+ *
+ *  - serializable
+ *  - is a public or protected class
+ *  - has public or protected constructor
+ *
+ * This returns a list of class', which is convenient for the caller.
+ */
+
+public class SerializeAllValueClasses {
+    // Cache of instances of known classes suitable as arguments to constructors
+    // or factory methods.
+    private static final Map<Class<?>, Object> argumentForType = initInstances();
+
+    private static Map<Class<?>, Object> initInstances() {
+        Map<Class<?>, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
+        map.put(Integer.class, 12); map.put(int.class, 12);
+        map.put(Short.class, (short)3); map.put(short.class, (short)3);
+        map.put(Byte.class, (byte)4); map.put(byte.class, (byte)4);
+        map.put(Long.class, 5L); map.put(long.class, 5L);
+        map.put(Character.class, 'C'); map.put(char.class, 'C');
+        map.put(Float.class, 1.0f); map.put(float.class, 1.0f);
+        map.put(Double.class, 2.0d); map.put(double.class, 2.0d);
+        map.put(Duration.class, Duration.ofHours(1));
+        map.put(TemporalUnit.class, ChronoUnit.SECONDS);
+        map.put(LocalTime.class, LocalTime.of(12, 1));
+        map.put(LocalDate.class, LocalDate.of(2024, 1, 1));
+        map.put(LocalDateTime.class, LocalDateTime.of(2024, 2, 1, 12, 2));
+        map.put(TemporalAccessor.class, ZonedDateTime.now());
+        map.put(ZonedDateTime.class, ZonedDateTime.now());
+        map.put(Clock.class, Clock.systemUTC());
+        map.put(Month.class, Month.JANUARY);
+        map.put(Instant.class, Instant.now());
+        map.put(JapaneseDate.class, JapaneseDate.now());
+        map.put(HijrahDate.class, HijrahDate.now());
+        return map;
+    }
+
+
+    // Stream the value classes to the test
+    private static Stream<Arguments> classProvider() throws IOException, URISyntaxException {
+        return findAll().stream().map(c -> Arguments.of(c));
+    }
+
+    @BeforeAll
+    static void info() {
+        var info = (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled()) ? "  Checking preview classes declared as `value class`" :
+            "  Checking identity classes with annotation `jdk.internal.ValueBased.class`";
+        System.err.println(info);
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("classProvider")
+    void testValueClass(Class<?> clazz) {
+        boolean atLeastOne = false;
+
+        Object expected = argumentForType.get(clazz);
+        if (expected != null) {
+            serializeDeserialize(expected);
+            atLeastOne = true;
+        }
+        var cons = clazz.getConstructors();
+        for (Constructor<?> c : cons) {
+            Object[] args = makeArgs(c.getParameterTypes(), clazz);
+            if (args != null) {
+                try {
+                    expected = c.newInstance(args);
+                    serializeDeserialize(expected);
+                    atLeastOne = true;
+                    break;  // one is enough
+                } catch (InvocationTargetException | InstantiationException |
+                         IllegalAccessException e) {
+                    // Ignore
+                    System.err.printf("""
+                                      Ignoring constructor: %s
+                                        Generated arguments are invalid: %s
+                                        %s
+                                    """,
+                            c, Arrays.toString(args), e.getCause());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Scan for suitable factory methods
+        for (Method m : clazz.getMethods()) {
+            if (Modifier.isStatic(m.getModifiers()) &&
+                m.getReturnType().equals(clazz)) {
+                // static method returning itself
+                Object[] args = makeArgs(m.getParameterTypes(), clazz);
+                if (args != null) {
+                    try {
+                        expected = m.invoke(null, args);
+                        serializeDeserialize(expected);
+                        atLeastOne = true;
+                        break;  // one is enough
+                    } catch (IllegalAccessException | InvocationTargetException e) {
+                        // Ignore
+                        System.err.printf("""
+                                          Ignoring factory: %s
+                                            Generated arguments are invalid: %s
+                                            %s
+                                        """,
+                                m, Arrays.toString(args), e.getCause());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        assertTrue(atLeastOne, "No constructor or factory found for " + clazz);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@return an array of instances matching the parameter types, or null}
+     *
+     * @param paramTypes an array of parameter types
+     * @param forClazz the owner class for which the parameters are being generated
+     */
+    private Object[] makeArgs(Class<?>[] paramTypes, Class<?> forClazz) {
+        Object[] args = Arrays.stream(paramTypes)
+                .map(t -> makeArg(t, forClazz))
+                .toArray();
+        for (Object arg : args) {
+            if (arg == null)
+                return null;
+        }
+        return args;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@return an instance of the class, or null if not available}
+     * String values are customized by the requesting owner.
+     * For example, "true" is returned as a value when requested for "Boolean".
+     * @param paramType the parameter type
+     * @param forClass the owner class
+     */
+    private static Object makeArg(Class<?> paramType, Class<?> forClass) {
+        return (paramType == String.class || paramType == CharSequence.class)
+                ? makeStringArg(forClass)
+                : argumentForType.get(paramType);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@return a string representation of an instance of class, or null}
+     * Mostly special cased for core value classes.
+     * @param forClass a Class
+     */
+    private static String makeStringArg(Class<?> forClass) {
+        if (forClass == Integer.class || forClass == int.class ||
+                forClass == Byte.class || forClass == byte.class ||
+                forClass == Short.class || forClass == short.class ||
+                forClass == Long.class || forClass == long.class) {
+            return "0";
+        } else if (forClass == Boolean.class || forClass == boolean.class) {
+            return "true";
+        } else if (forClass == Float.class || forClass == float.class ||
+                forClass == Double.class || forClass == double.class) {
+            return "1.0";
+        } else if (forClass == Duration.class) {
+            return "PT4H";
+        } else if (forClass == LocalDate.class) {
+            return LocalDate.of(2024, 1, 1).toString();
+        } else if (forClass == LocalDateTime.class) {
+            return LocalDateTime.of(2024, 1, 1, 12, 1).toString();
+        } else if (forClass == LocalTime.class) {
+            return LocalTime.of(12, 1).toString();
+        } else if (forClass == Instant.class) {
+            return Instant.ofEpochSecond(5_000_000, 1000).toString();
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static final ClassLoader LOADER = SerializeAllValueClasses.class.getClassLoader();
+
+    private static Optional<Class<?>> findClass(String name) {
+        try {
+            Class<?> clazz = Class.forName(name, false, LOADER);
+            return Optional.of(clazz);
+        } catch (ClassNotFoundException | ExceptionInInitializerError |
+                 NoClassDefFoundError | IllegalAccessError ex) {
+            return Optional.empty();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isClass(Class<?> clazz) {
+        return !(clazz.isEnum() || clazz.isInterface());
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isNonAbstract(Class<?> clazz) {
+        return (clazz.getModifiers() & Modifier.ABSTRACT) == 0;
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isPublicOrProtected(Class<?> clazz) {
+        return (clazz.getModifiers() & (Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.PROTECTED)) != 0;
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("preview")
+    private static boolean isValueClass(Class<?> clazz) {
+        if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled())
+            return clazz.isValue();
+        var a = clazz.getAnnotation(jdk.internal.ValueBased.class);
+        return a != null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Scans classes in the JDK and returns matching classes.
+     *
+     * @return list of matching class
+     * @throws IOException if an unexpected exception occurs
+     * @throws URISyntaxException if an unexpected exception occurs
+     */
+    public static List<Class<?>> findAll() throws IOException, URISyntaxException {
+        FileSystem fs = FileSystems.getFileSystem(new URI("jrt:/"));
+        Path dir = fs.getPath("/modules");
+        try (final Stream<Path> paths = Files.walk(dir)) {
+            // each path is in the form: /modules/<modname>/<pkg>/<pkg>/.../name.class
+            return paths.filter((path) -> path.getNameCount() > 2)
+                    .map((path) -> path.subpath(2, path.getNameCount()))
+                    .map(Path::toString)
+                    .filter((name) -> name.endsWith(".class"))
+                    .map((name) -> name.replaceFirst("\\.class$", ""))
+                    .filter((name) -> !name.equals("module-info"))
+                    .map((name) -> name.replaceAll("/", "."))
+                    .flatMap((java.lang.String name) -> findClass(name).stream())
+                    .filter(Serializable.class::isAssignableFrom)
+                    .filter(SerializeAllValueClasses::isClass)
+                    .filter(SerializeAllValueClasses::isNonAbstract)
+                    .filter((klass) -> !klass.isSealed())
+                    .filter(SerializeAllValueClasses::isValueClass)
+                    .filter(SerializeAllValueClasses::isPublicOrProtected)
+                    .collect(Collectors.toList());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void serializeDeserialize(Object expected) {
+        try {
+            Object actual = deserialize(serialize(expected));
+            assertEquals(expected, actual, "round trip compare fail");
+        } catch (IOException  | ClassNotFoundException e) {
+            fail("serialize/Deserialize", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Serialize an object into byte array.
+     */
+    private static byte[] serialize(Object obj) throws IOException {
+        ByteArrayOutputStream bs = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        try (ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(bs)) {
+            out.writeObject(obj);
+        }
+        return bs.toByteArray();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Deserialize an object from byte array using the requested classloader.
+     */
+    private static Object deserialize(byte[] ba) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
+        try (ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(ba))) {
+            return in.readObject();
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/io/Serializable/valueObjects/SerializedObjectCombo.java b/test/jdk/java/io/Serializable/valueObjects/SerializedObjectCombo.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..040dae7cc9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/io/Serializable/valueObjects/SerializedObjectCombo.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1384 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import combo.ComboInstance;
+import combo.ComboParameter;
+import combo.ComboTask;
+import combo.ComboTestHelper;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.EOFException;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.InvalidClassException;
+import java.io.NotSerializableException;
+import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
+import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
+import java.io.ObjectStreamClass;
+import java.io.OptionalDataException;
+import java.io.Reader;
+import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.net.URLClassLoader;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+import java.util.function.BiFunction;
+import java.util.function.Predicate;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import javax.tools.Diagnostic;
+import javax.tools.JavaFileObject;
+
+import static jdk.test.lib.Asserts.assertEquals;
+import static jdk.test.lib.Asserts.assertTrue;
+import static jdk.test.lib.Asserts.assertFalse;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.hexdump.HexPrinter;
+import jdk.test.lib.hexdump.ObjectStreamPrinter;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Deserialization Combo tests
+ * @library /test/langtools/tools/javac/lib /test/lib .
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.api
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.code
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.comp
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.file
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.main
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.tree
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ * @build combo.ComboTestHelper SerializedObjectCombo
+ * @run main/othervm --enable-preview  SerializedObjectCombo
+ */
+
+
+public final class SerializedObjectCombo extends ComboInstance<SerializedObjectCombo> {
+    private static final Map<Path, URLClassLoader> LOADER_FOR_PATH = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+    private static final ParamSet KIND_SET = new ParamSet("KIND",
+            SerializationKind.values());
+    private static final ParamSet FIELD_SET = new ParamSet("FIELD",
+            2, ArgumentValue.BASIC_VALUES);
+    private static final ParamSet CLASSACCESS_SET = new ParamSet("CLASSACCESS",
+            new ClassAccessKind[]{ClassAccessKind.PUBLIC});
+    private static final ParamSet SPECIAL_WRITE_METHODS_SET = new ParamSet("SPECIAL_WRITE_METHODS",
+            WriteObjectFragments.values());
+    private static final ParamSet SPECIAL_READ_METHODS_SET = new ParamSet("SPECIAL_READ_METHODS",
+            ReadObjectFragments.values());
+    private static final ParamSet EXTERNALIZABLE_METHODS_SET = new ParamSet("EXTERNALIZABLE_METHODS",
+            ExternalizableMethodFragments.values());
+    private static final ParamSet OBJECT_CONSTRUCTOR_SET = new ParamSet("OBJECT_CONSTRUCTOR",
+            FactoryFragment.values());
+    private static final ParamSet VALUE_SET = new ParamSet("VALUE",
+            ValueKind.values());
+    private static final ParamSet TESTNAME_EXTENDS_SET = new ParamSet("TESTNAME_EXTENDS",
+                    TestNameExtendsFragments.NONE, TestNameExtendsFragments.TESTNAME_EXTENDS_FRAGMENT);
+    private static final ParamSet TOP_ABSTRACT_SET = new ParamSet("TOP_FRAGMENTS",
+            TopFragments.values());
+    /**
+     * The base template to generate all test classes.
+     * Each substitutable fragment is defined by an Enum of the alternatives.
+     * Giving each a name and an array of ComboParameters with the expansion value.
+     */
+    private static final String TEST_SOURCE_TEMPLATE = """
+            import java.io.*;
+            import java.util.*;
+            import jdk.internal.value.Deserializer;
+
+            #{TOP_FRAGMENTS}
+
+            #{CLASSACCESS} #{VALUE} class #{TESTNAME} #{TESTNAME_EXTENDS} #{KIND.IMPLEMENTS} {
+                #{FIELD[0]} f1;
+                #{FIELD[1]} f2;
+                #{FIELD_ADDITIONS}
+                #{CLASSACCESS} #{TESTNAME}() {
+                    f1 = #{FIELD[0].RANDOM};
+                    f2 = #{FIELD[1].RANDOM};
+                    #{FIELD_CONSTRUCTOR_ADDITIONS}
+                }
+            #{OBJECT_CONSTRUCTOR}
+                @Override public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+                    if (obj instanceof #{TESTNAME} other) {
+                        if (#{FIELD[0]}.class.isPrimitive()) {
+                            if (f1 != other.f1) return false;
+                        } else {
+                            if (!Objects.equals(f1, other.f1)) return false;
+                        }
+                        if (#{FIELD[1]}.class.isPrimitive()) {
+                            if (f2 != other.f2) return false;
+                        } else {
+                            if (!Objects.equals(f2, other.f2)) return false;
+                        }
+                        return true;
+                    }
+                    return false;
+                }
+                @Override public String toString() {
+                    return "f1: " + String.valueOf(f1) +
+                            ", f2: " + String.valueOf(f2)
+                            #{FIELD_TOSTRING_ADDITIONS};
+                }
+            #{KIND.SPECIAL_METHODS}
+                private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+            }
+            """;
+
+    // The unique number to qualify interface names, unique across multiple runs
+    private static int uniqueId = 0;
+    // Compilation errors prevent execution; set/cleared by checkCompile
+    private ComboTask.Result<?> compilationResult = null;
+    // The current set of parameters for the file being compiled and tested
+    private final Set<ComboParameter> currParams = new HashSet<>();
+
+    private static List<String> focusKeys = null;
+
+    private enum CommandOption {
+        SHOW_SOURCE("--show-source", "show source files"),
+        VERBOSE("--verbose", "show extra information"),
+        SHOW_SERIAL_STREAM("--show-serial", "show and format the serialized stream"),
+        EVERYTHING("--everything", "run all tests"),
+        TRACE("--trace", "set TRACE system property of ObjectInputStream (temp)"),
+        MAX_COMBOS("--max-combo", "maximum number of values for each parameter", CommandOption::parseInt),
+        NO_PRE_FILTER("--no-pre-filter", "disable pre-filter checks"),
+        SELFTEST("--self-test", "run some self tests and exit"),
+        ;
+        private final String option;
+        private final String usage;
+        private final BiFunction<CommandOption, String, Boolean> parseArg;
+        private Optional<Object> value;
+        CommandOption(String option, String usage, BiFunction<CommandOption, String, Boolean> parseArg) {
+            this.option = option;
+            this.usage = usage;
+            this.parseArg = parseArg;
+            this.value = Optional.empty();
+        }
+        CommandOption(String option, String usage) {
+            this(option, usage, null);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Evaluate and parse an array of command line args
+         * @param args array of strings
+         * @return true if parsing succeeded
+         */
+        static boolean parseOptions(String[] args) {
+            boolean unknownArg = false;
+            for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
+                String arg = args[i];
+                Optional<CommandOption> knownOpt = Arrays.stream(CommandOption.values())
+                        .filter(o -> o.option.equals(arg))
+                        .findFirst();
+                if (knownOpt.isEmpty()) { // Not a recognized option
+                    if (arg.startsWith("-")) {
+                        System.err.println("Unrecognized option: " + arg);
+                        unknownArg = true;
+                    } else {
+                        // Take the remaining non-option args as selectors of keys to be run
+                        String[] keys = Arrays.copyOfRange(args, i, args.length);
+                        focusKeys = List.of(keys);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    CommandOption option = knownOpt.get();
+                    if (option.parseArg == null) {
+                        option.setValue(true);
+                    } else {
+                        i++;
+                        if (i >= args.length || args[i].startsWith("--")) {
+                            System.err.println("Missing argument for " + option.option);
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                        option.parseArg.apply(option, args[i]);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            return !unknownArg;
+        }
+        static void showUsage() {
+            System.out.println("""
+                Usage:
+                """);
+            Arrays.stream(CommandOption.values()).forEach(o -> System.out.printf("  %-15s: %s\n", o.option, o.usage));
+        }
+        boolean present() {
+            return value != null && value.isPresent();
+        }
+        void setValue(Object o) {
+            value = Optional.ofNullable(o);
+        }
+        private static boolean parseInt(CommandOption option, String arg) {
+            try {
+                int count = Integer.parseInt(arg);
+                option.setValue(count);
+            } catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
+                System.out.println("--max-combo argument not a number: " + arg);
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+        // Get the int value from the option, defaulting if not valid or present
+        private int getInt(int otherMax) {
+            Object obj = value == null ? otherMax : value.orElseGet(() -> otherMax);
+            return (obj instanceof Integer i) ? i : otherMax;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static URLClassLoader getLoaderFor(Path path) {
+        return LOADER_FOR_PATH.computeIfAbsent(path,
+                p -> {
+                    try {
+                        // new URLClassLoader for path
+                        Files.createDirectories(p);
+                        URL[] urls = {p.toUri().toURL()};
+                        return new URLClassLoader(p.toString(), urls, null);
+                    } catch (IOException ioe) {
+                        throw new UncheckedIOException(ioe);
+                    }
+                });
+    }
+
+    // Map an array of strings to an array of ComboParameter.Constants.
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    private static ComboParameter.Constant<String>[] paramsForStrings(String... strings) {
+        return Arrays.stream(strings)
+                .map(ComboParameter.Constant::new).toArray(ComboParameter.Constant[]::new);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Main to generate combinations and run the tests.
+     *
+     * @param args may contain "--verbose" to show source of every file
+     * @throws Exception In case of failure
+     */
+    public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
+        if (!CommandOption.parseOptions(args)) {
+            CommandOption.showUsage();
+            System.exit(1);
+        }
+
+        Arrays.stream(CommandOption.values())
+                .filter(o -> o.present())
+                .forEach( o1 -> System.out.printf("   %15s: %s\n", o1.option, o1.value
+                ));
+
+        if (CommandOption.SELFTEST.present()) {
+            selftest();
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Sets of all possible ComboParameters (substitutions)
+        Set<ParamSet> allParams = Set.of(
+                VALUE_SET,
+                KIND_SET,
+                TOP_ABSTRACT_SET,
+                OBJECT_CONSTRUCTOR_SET,
+                TESTNAME_EXTENDS_SET,
+                CLASSACCESS_SET,
+                SPECIAL_READ_METHODS_SET,
+                SPECIAL_WRITE_METHODS_SET,
+                EXTERNALIZABLE_METHODS_SET,
+                FIELD_SET
+        );
+
+        // Test variations of all code shapes
+        var helper = new ComboTestHelper<SerializedObjectCombo>();
+        int maxCombos = CommandOption.MAX_COMBOS.getInt(2);
+
+        Set<ParamSet> subSet = CommandOption.EVERYTHING.present() ? allParams
+                : computeSubset(allParams, focusKeys, maxCombos);
+        withDimensions(helper, subSet);
+        if (CommandOption.VERBOSE.present()) {
+            System.out.println("Keys; maximum combinations: " + maxCombos);
+            subSet.stream()
+                    .sorted((p, q) -> String.CASE_INSENSITIVE_ORDER.compare(p.key(), q.key()))
+                    .forEach(p -> System.out.println("    " + p.key + ": " + Arrays.toString(p.params)));
+        }
+        helper.withFilter(SerializedObjectCombo::filter)
+                .withFailMode(ComboTestHelper.FailMode.FAIL_FAST)
+                .run(SerializedObjectCombo::new);
+    }
+
+    private static void withDimensions(ComboTestHelper<SerializedObjectCombo> helper, Set<ParamSet> subSet) {
+        subSet.forEach(p -> {
+            if (p.count() == 1)
+                helper.withDimension(p.key(), SerializedObjectCombo::saveParameter, p.params());
+            else
+                helper.withArrayDimension(p.key(), SerializedObjectCombo::saveParameter, p.count(), p.params());
+        });
+    }
+
+    // Return a subset of ParamSets with the non-focused ParamSet's truncated to a max number of values
+    private static Set<ParamSet> computeSubset(Set<ParamSet> allParams, List<String> focusKeys, int maxKeys) {
+        if (focusKeys == null || focusKeys.isEmpty())
+            return allParams;
+        Set<ParamSet> r = allParams.stream().map(p ->
+                        (focusKeys.contains(p.key())) ? p
+                                : new ParamSet(p.key, p.count(), Arrays.copyOfRange(p.params(), 0, Math.min(p.params().length, maxKeys))))
+                .collect(Collectors.toUnmodifiableSet());
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Print the source files to System out
+     *
+     * @param task the compilation task
+     */
+    static void showSources(ComboTask task) {
+        task.getSources()
+                .forEach(fo -> {
+                    System.out.println("Source: " + fo.getName());
+                    System.out.println(getSource(fo));
+                });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the contents of the source file
+     *
+     * @param fo a file object
+     * @return the contents of the source file
+     */
+    static String getSource(JavaFileObject fo) {
+        try (Reader reader = fo.openReader(true)) {
+            char[] buf = new char[100000];
+            var len = reader.read(buf);
+            return new String(buf, 0, len);
+        } catch (IOException ioe) {
+            return "IOException: " + fo.getName() + ", ex: " + ioe.getMessage();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Dump the serial stream.
+     *
+     * @param bytes the bytes of the stream
+     */
+    private static void showSerialStream(byte[] bytes) {
+        HexPrinter.simple().dest(System.out).formatter(ObjectStreamPrinter.formatter()).format(bytes);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Serialize an object into byte array.
+     */
+    private static byte[] serialize(Object obj) throws IOException {
+        ByteArrayOutputStream bs = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        try (ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(bs)) {
+            out.writeObject(obj);
+        }
+        return bs.toByteArray();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Deserialize an object from byte array using the requested classloader.
+     */
+    private static Object deserialize(byte[] ba, ClassLoader loader) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
+        try (ObjectInputStream in = new LoaderObjectInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(ba), loader)) {
+            return in.readObject();
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @Override
+    public int id() {
+        return ++uniqueId;
+    }
+
+    private void fail(String msg, Throwable thrown) {
+        super.fail(msg);
+        thrown.printStackTrace(System.out);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Save a parameter.
+     *
+     * @param param a ComboParameter
+     */
+    private void saveParameter(ComboParameter param) {
+        saveParameter(param, 0);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Save an indexed parameter.
+     *
+     * @param param a ComboParameter
+     * @param index unused
+     */
+    private void saveParameter(ComboParameter param, int index) {
+        currParams.add(param);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Filter out needless tests (mostly with more variations of arguments than needed).
+     * Usually, these are compile time failures, or code shapes that cannot succeed.
+     *
+     * @return true to run the test, false if not
+     */
+    boolean filter() {
+        if (!CommandOption.NO_PRE_FILTER.present()) {
+            for (CodeShape shape : CodeShape.values()) {
+                if (shape.test(currParams)) {
+                    if (CommandOption.VERBOSE.present()) {
+                        System.out.println("IGNORING: " + shape);
+                    }
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (CommandOption.VERBOSE.present()) {
+            System.out.println("TESTING: ");
+            showParams();
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generate the source files from the parameters and test a single combination.
+     * Two versions are compiled into different directories and separate class loaders.
+     * They differ only with the addition of a field to the generated class.
+     * Then each class is serialized and deserialized by the other class,
+     * testing simple evolution in the process.
+     *
+     * @throws IOException catch all IOException
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void doWork() throws IOException {
+        String cp = System.getProperty("test.classes");
+        String className = "Class_" + this.id();
+
+        // new URLClassLoader for path
+        final Path firstPath = Path.of(cp, "1st");
+        URLClassLoader firstLoader = getLoaderFor(firstPath);
+        final Path secondPath = Path.of(cp, "2nd");
+        URLClassLoader secondLoader = getLoaderFor(secondPath);
+
+        // Create a map of additional constants that are resolved without the combo overhead.
+        final Map<String, ComboParameter.Constant<String>> params = new HashMap<>();
+        params.put("TESTNAME", new ComboParameter.Constant<>(className));
+        params.put("SPECIAL_METHODS_SERIALIZABLE", new ComboParameter.Constant<>("#{SPECIAL_READ_METHODS} #{SPECIAL_WRITE_METHODS}"));
+        params.put("SPECIAL_METHODS_EXTERNALIZABLE", new ComboParameter.Constant<>("#{EXTERNALIZABLE_METHODS}"));
+        params.put("FIELD_ADDITIONS", new ComboParameter.Constant<>(""));
+        params.put("FIELD_CONSTRUCTOR_ADDITIONS", new ComboParameter.Constant<>(""));
+        params.put("FIELD_TOSTRING_ADDITIONS", new ComboParameter.Constant<>(""));
+
+        final ComboTask firstTask = generateAndCompile(firstPath, className, params);
+
+        if (firstTask == null) {
+            return; // Skip execution, errors already reported
+        }
+
+        if (CommandOption.EVERYTHING.present()) {
+            params.put("FIELD_ADDITIONS", new ComboParameter.Constant<>("int fExtra;"));
+            params.put("FIELD_CONSTRUCTOR_ADDITIONS", new ComboParameter.Constant<>("this.fExtra = 99;"));
+            params.put("FIELD_TOSTRING_ADDITIONS", new ComboParameter.Constant<>("+ \", fExtra: String.valueOf(fExtra)\""));
+            final ComboTask secondTask = generateAndCompile(secondPath, className, params);
+            if (secondTask == null) {
+                return; // Skip execution, errors already reported
+            }
+
+            doTestWork(className, firstTask, firstLoader, secondLoader);
+            doTestWork(className, secondTask, secondLoader, firstLoader);
+        } else {
+            doTestWork(className, firstTask, firstLoader, firstLoader);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test that two versions of the class can be serialized using one version and deserialized
+     * by the other version.
+     * The two classes have the same name and have been compiled into different classloaders.
+     * The original and result objects are compared using .equals if there is only 1 classloader.
+     * If the classloaders are different the `toString()` output for each object is compared loosely.
+     * (One must be the prefix of the other)
+     *
+     * @param className    the class name
+     * @param task         the task context (for source and parameters to report failures)
+     * @param firstLoader  the first classloader
+     * @param secondLoader the second classloader
+     */
+    private void doTestWork(String className, ComboTask task, ClassLoader firstLoader, ClassLoader secondLoader) {
+        byte[] bytes = null;
+        try {
+            Class<?> tc = Class.forName(className, true, firstLoader);
+            Object testObj = tc.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();
+            bytes = serialize(testObj);
+            if (CommandOption.VERBOSE.present()) {
+                System.out.println("Testing: " + task.getSources());
+                if (CommandOption.SHOW_SOURCE.present()) {
+                    showParams();
+                    showSources(task);
+                }
+                if (CommandOption.SHOW_SERIAL_STREAM.present()) {
+                    showSerialStream(bytes);
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (CodeShape.BAD_SO_CONSTRUCTOR.test(currParams)) {
+                // should have thrown ICE due to mismatch between value class and missing constructor
+                System.out.println(CodeShape.BAD_SO_CONSTRUCTOR.explain(currParams));
+                fail(CodeShape.BAD_SO_CONSTRUCTOR.explain(currParams));
+            }
+
+            Object actual = deserialize(bytes, secondLoader);
+            if (testObj.getClass().getClassLoader().equals(actual.getClass().getClassLoader())) {
+                assertEquals(testObj, actual, "Round-trip comparison fail using .equals");
+            } else {
+                // The instances are from different classloaders and can't be compared directly
+                final String s1 = testObj.toString();
+                final String s2 = actual.toString();
+                assertTrue(s1.startsWith(s2) || s2.startsWith(s1),
+                        "Round-trip comparison fail using toString(): s1: " + s1 + ", s2: " + s2);
+            }
+        } catch (InvalidClassException ice) {
+            for (CodeShape shape : CodeShape.values()){
+                if (ice.equals(shape.exception)) {
+                    if (shape.test(currParams)) {
+                        if (CommandOption.VERBOSE.present()) {
+                            System.out.println("OK: " + shape.explain(currParams));
+                        } else {
+                            // unexpected ICE
+                            ice.printStackTrace(System.out);
+                            showParams();
+                            showSources(task);
+                            if (bytes != null)
+                                showSerialStream(bytes);
+                            fail(ice.getMessage());
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        } catch (EOFException | OptionalDataException eof) {
+            // Ignore if conditions of the source invite EOF
+            if (0 == CodeShape.shapesThrowing(EOFException.class).peek(s -> {
+                // Ignore: Serialized Object to reads custom data but none written
+                if (CommandOption.VERBOSE.present()) {
+                    System.out.println("OK: " + s.explain(currParams));
+                }
+            }).count()) {
+                eof.printStackTrace(System.out);
+                showParams();
+                showSources(task);
+                showSerialStream(bytes);
+                fail(eof.getMessage(), eof);
+            }
+        } catch (ClassFormatError cfe) {
+            System.out.println(cfe.toString());
+        } catch (NotSerializableException nse) {
+            if (CodeShape.BAD_EXT_VALUE.test(currParams)) {
+                // Expected Value class that is Externalizable w/o writeReplace
+            } else {
+                // unexpected NSE
+                nse.printStackTrace(System.out);
+                showParams();
+                showSources(task);
+                fail(nse.getMessage(), nse);
+            }
+        } catch (Throwable ex) {
+            ex.printStackTrace(System.out);
+            showParams();
+            showSources(task);
+            fail(ex.getMessage());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Side effect of error is compilationResult.hasErrors() > 0
+    private ComboTask generateAndCompile(Path path, String className, Map<String, ComboParameter.Constant<String>> params) {
+        ComboTask task = newCompilationTask()
+                .withSourceFromTemplate(className,
+                        TEST_SOURCE_TEMPLATE,
+                        r -> params.computeIfAbsent(r, s -> new ComboParameter.Constant<>("UNKNOWN_" + s)))
+                .withOption("-d")
+                .withOption(path.toString())
+                .withOption("--enable-preview")
+                .withOption("--add-modules")
+                .withOption("java.base")
+                .withOption("--add-exports")
+                .withOption("java.base/jdk.internal=ALL-UNNAMED")
+                .withOption("--add-exports")
+                .withOption("java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED")
+                .withOption("--source")
+                .withOption(Integer.toString(Runtime.version().feature()));
+        ;
+        task.generate(this::checkCompile);
+        if (compilationResult.hasErrors()) {
+            boolean match = false;
+            for (CodeShape shape : CodeShape.values()){
+                if (CompileException.class.equals(shape.exception)) {
+                    if (shape.test(currParams)) {
+                        // shape matches known error
+                        if (!uniqueParams.contains(shape))  {
+                            System.out.println("// Unique: " + shape);
+                            uniqueParams.add(shape);
+                        }
+                        match = true;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (match)
+                return null;
+            // Unexpected compilation error
+            showDiags(compilationResult);
+            showSources(task);
+            showParams();
+            fail("Compilation failure");
+        }
+        return task;
+    }
+
+    private static Set<CodeShape> uniqueParams = new HashSet<>();
+
+    private String paramToString(ComboParameter param) {
+        String name = param.getClass().getName();
+        return name.substring(name.indexOf('$') + 1) + "::" +
+                param + ": " + truncate(param.expand(null), 60);
+    }
+
+    private void showParams() {
+        currParams.stream()
+                .sorted((p, q) -> String.CASE_INSENSITIVE_ORDER.compare(paramToString(p), paramToString(q)))
+                .forEach(p -> System.out.println("    " + paramToString(p)));
+    }
+
+    private void showParams(ComboParameter... params) {
+        for (ComboParameter param : params) {
+            System.out.println(">>> " + paramToString(param) + ", present: "
+                    + currParams.contains(param));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String truncate(String s, int maxLen) {
+        int nl = s.indexOf("\n");
+        if (nl >= 0)
+            maxLen = nl;
+        if (maxLen < s.length()) {
+            return s.substring(0, maxLen).concat("...");
+        } else {
+            return s;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Report any compilation errors.
+     *
+     * @param res the result
+     */
+    void checkCompile(ComboTask.Result<?> res) {
+        compilationResult = res;
+    }
+
+    void showDiags(ComboTask.Result<?> res) {
+        res.diagnosticsForKind(Diagnostic.Kind.ERROR).forEach(SerializedObjectCombo::showDiag);
+        res.diagnosticsForKind(Diagnostic.Kind.WARNING).forEach(SerializedObjectCombo::showDiag);
+    }
+
+    static void showDiag(Diagnostic<? extends JavaFileObject> diag) {
+        System.out.println(diag.getKind() + ": " + diag.getMessage(Locale.ROOT));
+        System.out.println("File: " + diag.getSource() +
+                " line: " + diag.getLineNumber() + ", col: " + diag.getColumnNumber());
+    }
+
+    private static class CodeShapePredicateOp<T> implements Predicate<T> {
+        private final Predicate<T> first;
+        private final Predicate<T> other;
+        private final String op;
+
+        CodeShapePredicateOp(Predicate<T> first, Predicate<T> other, String op) {
+            if ("OR" != op && "AND" != op && "NOT" != op)
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("unknown op: " + op);
+            this.first = first;
+            this.other = other;
+            this.op = op;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean test(T comboParameters) {
+            return switch (op) {
+                case "NOT" -> !first.test(comboParameters);
+                case "OR" -> first.test(comboParameters) || other.test(comboParameters);
+                case "AND" -> first.test(comboParameters) && other.test(comboParameters);
+                default -> throw new IllegalArgumentException("unknown op: " + op);
+            };
+        }
+        @Override
+        public Predicate<T> and(Predicate<? super T> other) {
+            return new CodeShapePredicateOp(this, other,"AND");
+        }
+
+
+        @Override
+        public Predicate<T>  negate() {
+            return new CodeShapePredicateOp(this, null,"NOT");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Predicate<T> or(Predicate<? super T> other) {
+            return new CodeShapePredicateOp(this, other,"OR");
+        }
+        public String toString() {
+            return switch (op) {
+                case "NOT" -> op + " " + first;
+                case "OR" -> "(" + first + " " + op + " " + other + ")";
+                case "AND" -> "(" + first + " " + op + " " + other + ")";
+                default -> throw new IllegalArgumentException("unknown op: " + op);
+            };
+        }
+    }
+
+    interface CodeShapePredicate extends Predicate<Set<ComboParameter>> {
+        @Override
+        default boolean test(Set<ComboParameter> comboParameters) {
+            return comboParameters.contains(this);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        default Predicate<Set<ComboParameter>> and(Predicate<? super Set<ComboParameter>> other) {
+            return new CodeShapePredicateOp(this, other,"AND");
+        }
+
+
+        @Override
+        default Predicate<Set<ComboParameter>>  negate() {
+            return new CodeShapePredicateOp(this, null,"NOT");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        default Predicate<Set<ComboParameter>> or(Predicate<? super Set<ComboParameter>> other) {
+            return new CodeShapePredicateOp(this, other,"OR");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A set of code shapes that are interesting, usually indicating an error
+     * compile time, or runtime based on the shape of the code and the dependencies between
+     * the code fragments.
+     * The descriptive text may be easier to understand than the boolean expression of the fragments.
+     * They can also be to filter out test cases that would not succeed.
+     * Or can be used after a successful deserialization to check
+     * if an exception should have been thrown.
+     */
+    private enum CodeShape implements Predicate<Set<ComboParameter>> {
+        BAD_SO_CONSTRUCTOR("Value class does not have a constructor annotated with Deserializer",
+                InvalidClassException.class,
+                ValueKind.VALUE,
+                FactoryFragment.NONE
+                ),
+        BAD_EXT_VALUE("Externalizable can not be a value class",
+                CompileException.class,
+                SerializationKind.EXTERNALIZABLE,
+                ValueKind.VALUE),
+        BAD_EXT_METHODS("Externalizable methods but not Externalizable",
+                CompileException.class,
+                ExternalizableMethodFragments.EXTERNALIZABLE_METHODS,
+                SerializationKind.EXTERNALIZABLE.negate()),
+        BAD_EXT_NO_METHODS("Externalizable but no implementation of readExternal or writeExternal",
+                CompileException.class,
+                SerializationKind.EXTERNALIZABLE,
+                ExternalizableMethodFragments.EXTERNALIZABLE_METHODS.negate()),
+        BAD_VALUE_NON_ABSTRACT_SUPER("Can't inherit from non-abstract super or abstract super with fields",
+                CompileException.class,
+                ValueKind.VALUE,
+                TestNameExtendsFragments.TESTNAME_EXTENDS_FRAGMENT,
+                TopFragments.ABSTRACT_NO_FIELDS.negate()),
+        BAD_MISSING_SUPER("Extends TOP_ without TOP_ superclass",
+                CompileException.class,
+                TestNameExtendsFragments.TESTNAME_EXTENDS_FRAGMENT,
+                TopFragments.NONE),
+        BAD_READ_CUSTOM_METHODS("Custom read fragment but no custom write fragment",
+                EOFException.class,
+                ReadObjectFragments.READ_OBJECT_FIELDS_CUSTOM_FRAGMENT
+                        .or(ReadObjectFragments.READ_OBJECT_DEFAULT_CUSTOM_FRAGMENT),
+                WriteObjectFragments.WRITE_OBJECT_FIELDS_CUSTOM_FRAGMENT
+                        .or(WriteObjectFragments.WRITE_OBJECT_DEFAULT_CUSTOM_FRAGMENT).negate()
+                ),
+        BAD_RW_CUSTOM_METHODS("Custom write fragment but no custom read fragment",
+                null,
+                WriteObjectFragments.WRITE_OBJECT_FIELDS_CUSTOM_FRAGMENT
+                        .or(WriteObjectFragments.WRITE_OBJECT_DEFAULT_CUSTOM_FRAGMENT),
+                ReadObjectFragments.READ_OBJECT_FIELDS_CUSTOM_FRAGMENT
+                        .or(ReadObjectFragments.READ_OBJECT_DEFAULT_CUSTOM_FRAGMENT).negate()),
+        BAD_VALUE_READOBJECT_METHODS("readObjectXXX(OIS) methods incompatible with Value class",
+                CompileException.class,
+                ReadObjectFragments.READ_OBJECT_FIELDS_FRAGMENT
+                        .or(ReadObjectFragments.READ_OBJECT_DEFAULT_FRAGMENT)
+                        .or(ReadObjectFragments.READ_OBJECT_FIELDS_CUSTOM_FRAGMENT)
+                        .or(ReadObjectFragments.READ_OBJECT_DEFAULT_CUSTOM_FRAGMENT),
+                ValueKind.VALUE),
+        ;
+
+        private final String description;
+        private final Class<? extends Exception> exception;
+        private final List<Predicate<Set<ComboParameter>>> predicates;
+        CodeShape(String desc, Class<? extends Exception> exception, Predicate<Set<ComboParameter>>... predicates) {
+            this.description = desc;
+            this.exception = exception;
+            this.predicates = List.of(predicates);
+        }
+
+        // Return a stream of CodeShapes throwing the exception
+        static Stream<CodeShape> shapesThrowing(Class<?> exception) {
+            return Arrays.stream(values()).filter(s -> exception.equals(s.exception));
+
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@return true if all of the predicates are true in the set of ComboParameters}
+         * @param comboParameters a set of ComboParameters
+         */
+        @Override
+        public boolean test(Set<ComboParameter> comboParameters) {
+            for (Predicate<Set<ComboParameter>> p : predicates) {
+                if (!p.test(comboParameters))
+                    return false;
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@return a string describing the predicate in relation to a set of parameters}
+         * @param comboParameters a set of active ComboParameters.
+         */
+        public String explain(Set<ComboParameter> comboParameters) {
+            StringBuffer sbTrue = new StringBuffer();
+            StringBuffer sbFalse = new StringBuffer();
+            for (Predicate<Set<ComboParameter>> p : predicates) {
+                ((p.test(comboParameters)) ? sbTrue : sbFalse)
+                        .append(p).append(", ");
+            }
+            return description + "\n" +"Missing: " + sbFalse + "\nTrue: " + sbTrue;
+        }
+        public String toString() {
+            return super.toString() + "::" + description + ", params: " + predicates;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * TopAbstract Fragments
+     */
+    enum TopFragments implements ComboParameter, CodeShapePredicate {
+        NONE(""),
+        ABSTRACT_NO_FIELDS("""
+                abstract #{VALUE} class TOP_#{TESTNAME} implements Serializable {
+                    #{CLASSACCESS} TOP_#{TESTNAME}() {}
+                }
+                """),
+        ABSTRACT_ONE_FIELD("""
+                abstract #{VALUE} class TOP_#{TESTNAME} implements Serializable {
+                    private int t1;
+                    #{CLASSACCESS} TOP_#{TESTNAME}() {
+                        t1 = 1;
+                    }
+                }
+                """),
+        NO_FIELDS("""
+                #{VALUE} class TOP_#{TESTNAME} implements Serializable {
+                    #{CLASSACCESS} TOP_#{TESTNAME}() {}
+                }
+                """),
+        ONE_FIELD("""
+                #{VALUE} class TOP_#{TESTNAME} implements Serializable {
+                    private int t1;
+                    #{CLASSACCESS} TOP_#{TESTNAME}() {
+                        t1 = 1;
+                    }
+                }
+                """),
+        ;
+
+        private final String template;
+
+        TopFragments(String template) {
+            this.template = template;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String expand(String optParameter) {
+            return template;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * TopAbstract Fragments
+     */
+    enum TestNameExtendsFragments implements ComboParameter, CodeShapePredicate {
+        NONE(""),
+        TESTNAME_EXTENDS_FRAGMENT("extends TOP_#{TESTNAME}"),
+        ;
+
+        private final String template;
+
+        TestNameExtendsFragments(String template) {
+            this.template = template;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String expand(String optParameter) {
+            return template;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * SerializedObjectCustom Fragments
+     */
+    enum SerializedObjectCustomFragments implements ComboParameter, CodeShapePredicate {
+        NONE(""),
+        ;
+
+        private final String template;
+
+        SerializedObjectCustomFragments(String template) {
+            this.template = template;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String expand(String optParameter) {
+            return template;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * ExternalizableMethod Fragments
+     */
+    enum ExternalizableMethodFragments implements ComboParameter, CodeShapePredicate {
+        NONE(""),
+        EXTERNALIZABLE_METHODS("""
+                    public void writeExternal(ObjectOutput oos) throws IOException {
+                        oos.write#{FIELD[0].READFIELD}(f1);
+                        oos.write#{FIELD[1].READFIELD}(f2);
+                    }
+
+                    public void readExternal(ObjectInput ois) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
+                        f1 = (#{FIELD[0]})ois.read#{FIELD[0].READFIELD}();
+                        f2 = (#{FIELD[1]})ois.read#{FIELD[1].READFIELD}();
+                    }
+                """),
+        ;
+
+        private final String template;
+
+        ExternalizableMethodFragments(String template) {
+            this.template = template;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String expand(String optParameter) {
+            return template;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * FactoryFragment Fragments
+     */
+    enum FactoryFragment implements ComboParameter, CodeShapePredicate {
+        NONE(""),
+        ANNOTATED_OBJECT_CONSTRUCTOR_FRAGMENT("""
+                    @Deserializer({"f1", "f2"})
+                    #{CLASSACCESS} #{TESTNAME}(#{FIELD[0]} f1, #{FIELD[1]} f2) {
+                        this.f1 = f1;
+                        this.f2 = f2;
+                        #{FIELD_CONSTRUCTOR_ADDITIONS}
+                    }
+
+                    @Deserializer({"f1", "f2"})
+                    #{CLASSACCESS} #{TESTNAME}(#{FIELD[0]} f1, #{FIELD[1]} f2, int fExtra) {
+                        this.f1 = f1;
+                        this.f2 = f2;
+                        #{FIELD_CONSTRUCTOR_ADDITIONS}
+                    }
+                """),
+        ANNOTATED_FACTORY_METHOD_FRAGMENT("""
+                    private #{TESTNAME}(#{FIELD[0]} f1, #{FIELD[1]} f2) {
+                        this.f1 = f1;
+                        this.f2 = f2;
+                        #{FIELD_CONSTRUCTOR_ADDITIONS}
+                    }
+
+                    @Deserializer({"f1", "f2"})
+                    #{CLASSACCESS} static #{TESTNAME} create#{TESTNAME}(#{FIELD[0]} f1, #{FIELD[1]} f2) {
+                        return new #{TESTNAME}(f1, f2);
+                    }
+
+                    @Deserializer({"f1", "f2"})
+                    #{CLASSACCESS} static #{TESTNAME} create#{TESTNAME}(#{FIELD[0]} f1, #{FIELD[1]} f2, int fExtra) {
+                        return new #{TESTNAME}(f1, f2);
+                    }
+                """),
+
+        ;
+
+        private final String template;
+
+        FactoryFragment(String template) {
+            this.template = template;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String expand(String optParameter) {
+            return template;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * WriteObject templates
+     */
+    enum WriteObjectFragments implements ComboParameter, CodeShapePredicate {
+        NONE(""),
+        WRITE_OBJECT_DEFAULT_FRAGMENT("""
+                    private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream oos) throws IOException {
+                        oos.defaultWriteObject();
+                    }
+                """),
+        WRITE_OBJECT_FIELDS_FRAGMENT("""
+                    private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream oos) throws IOException {
+                        ObjectOutputStream.PutField fields = oos.putFields();
+                        fields.put("f1", f1);
+                        fields.put("f2", f2);
+                        oos.writeFields();
+                    }
+                """),
+        WRITE_OBJECT_DEFAULT_CUSTOM_FRAGMENT("""
+                    private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream oos) throws IOException {
+                        oos.defaultWriteObject();
+                        // Write custom data
+                        oos.write#{FIELD[0].READFIELD}(#{FIELD[0].DEFAULT});
+                        oos.write#{FIELD[1].READFIELD}(#{FIELD[1].DEFAULT});
+                    }
+                """),
+        WRITE_OBJECT_FIELDS_CUSTOM_FRAGMENT("""
+                    private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream oos) throws IOException {
+                        ObjectOutputStream.PutField fields = oos.putFields();
+                        fields.put("f1", f1);
+                        fields.put("f2", f2);
+                        oos.writeFields();
+                        // Write custom data
+                        oos.write#{FIELD[0].READFIELD}(#{FIELD[0].DEFAULT});
+                        oos.write#{FIELD[1].READFIELD}(#{FIELD[1].DEFAULT});
+                    }
+                """),
+        ;
+
+        private final String template;
+
+        WriteObjectFragments(String template) {
+            this.template = template;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String expand(String optParameter) {
+            return template;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * ReadObject templates
+     */
+    enum ReadObjectFragments implements ComboParameter, CodeShapePredicate {
+        NONE(""),
+        READ_OBJECT_DEFAULT_FRAGMENT("""
+                    private void readObject(ObjectInputStream ois) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
+                        ois.defaultReadObject();
+                    }
+                """),
+        READ_OBJECT_FIELDS_FRAGMENT("""
+                    private void readObject(ObjectInputStream ois) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
+                        ObjectInputStream.GetField fields = ois.readFields();
+                        this.f1 = (#{FIELD[0]})fields.get("f1", #{FIELD[0].DEFAULT});
+                        this.f2 = (#{FIELD[1]})fields.get("f2", #{FIELD[1].DEFAULT});
+                    }
+                 """),
+        READ_OBJECT_DEFAULT_CUSTOM_FRAGMENT("""
+                    private void readObject(ObjectInputStream ois) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
+                        ois.defaultReadObject();
+                        // Read custom data
+                        #{FIELD[0]} d1 = (#{FIELD[0]})ois.read#{FIELD[0].READFIELD}();
+                        #{FIELD[1]} d2 = (#{FIELD[1]})ois.read#{FIELD[1].READFIELD}();
+                        assert Objects.equals(#{FIELD[0].DEFAULT}, d1) : "reading custom data1, actual: " + d1;
+                        assert Objects.equals(#{FIELD[1].DEFAULT}, d2) : "reading custom data2, actual: " + d2;
+                    }
+                """),
+        READ_OBJECT_FIELDS_CUSTOM_FRAGMENT("""
+                    private void readObject(ObjectInputStream ois) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
+                        ObjectInputStream.GetField fields = ois.readFields();
+                        this.f1 = (#{FIELD[0]})fields.get("f1", #{FIELD[0].DEFAULT});
+                        this.f2 = (#{FIELD[1]})fields.get("f2", #{FIELD[1].DEFAULT});
+                        // Read custom data
+                        #{FIELD[0]} d1 = (#{FIELD[0]})ois.read#{FIELD[0].READFIELD}();
+                        #{FIELD[1]} d2 = (#{FIELD[1]})ois.read#{FIELD[1].READFIELD}();
+                        assert Objects.equals(#{FIELD[0].DEFAULT}, d1) : "reading custom data1, actual: " + d1;
+                        assert Objects.equals(#{FIELD[1].DEFAULT}, d2) : "reading custom data2, actual: " + d2;
+                    }
+                 """),
+        ;
+
+        private final String template;
+
+        ReadObjectFragments(String template) {
+            this.template = template;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String expand(String optParameter) {
+            return template;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Value and Identity kinds.
+     */
+    enum ValueKind implements ComboParameter, CodeShapePredicate {
+        VALUE("value"),
+        IDENTITY(""),
+        ;
+
+        private final String template;
+
+        ValueKind(String template) {
+            this.template = template;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String expand(String optParameter) {
+            return template;
+        }
+    }
+
+    enum SerializationKind implements ComboParameter, CodeShapePredicate {
+        SERIALIZABLE("SER", "implements Serializable"),
+        EXTERNALIZABLE("EXT", "implements Externalizable"),
+        ;
+
+        private final String key;
+        private final String declaration;
+
+        SerializationKind(String key, String declaration) {
+            this.key = key;
+            this.declaration = declaration;
+        }
+
+        public String expand(String optParameter) {
+            return switch (optParameter) {
+                case null -> key;
+                case "IMPLEMENTS" -> declaration;
+                default ->
+                        "#{" + optParameter + "_" + this + "}";   // everything ELSE turn into requested key with suffix
+            };
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Class Access kinds.
+     */
+    enum ClassAccessKind implements ComboParameter, CodeShapePredicate {
+        PUBLIC("public"),
+        PACKAGE(""),
+        ;
+
+        private final String classAccessTemplate;
+
+        ClassAccessKind(String classAccessTemplate) {
+            this.classAccessTemplate = classAccessTemplate;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String expand(String optParameter) {
+            return classAccessTemplate;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Type of arguments to insert in method signatures
+     */
+    enum ArgumentValue implements ComboParameter, CodeShapePredicate {
+        BOOLEAN("boolean", true),
+        BYTE("byte", (byte) 127),
+        CHAR("char", 'Z'),
+        SHORT("short", (short) 0x7fff),
+        INT("int", 0x7fffffff),
+        LONG("long", 0x7fffffffffffffffL),
+        FLOAT("float", 1.0F),
+        DOUBLE("double", 1.0d),
+        STRING("String", "xyz");
+
+        static final ArgumentValue[] BASIC_VALUES = {INT, STRING};
+
+        private final String argumentsValueTemplate;
+        private final Object value;
+
+        ArgumentValue(String argumentsValueTemplate, Object value) {
+            this.argumentsValueTemplate = argumentsValueTemplate;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String expand(String optParameter) {
+            return switch (optParameter) {
+                case null -> argumentsValueTemplate;
+                case "TITLECASE" -> Character.toTitleCase(argumentsValueTemplate.charAt(0)) +
+                        argumentsValueTemplate.substring(1);
+                case "DEFAULT" -> switch (this) {
+                    case BOOLEAN -> "false";
+                    case BYTE -> "(byte)-1";
+                    case CHAR -> "'" + "!" + "'";
+                    case SHORT -> "(short)-1";
+                    case INT -> "-1";
+                    case LONG -> "-1L";
+                    case FLOAT -> "-1.0f";
+                    case DOUBLE -> "-1.0d";
+                    case STRING -> '"' + "n/a" + '"';
+                };
+                case "READFIELD" -> switch (this) {
+                    case BOOLEAN -> "Boolean";
+                    case BYTE -> "Byte";
+                    case CHAR -> "Char";
+                    case SHORT -> "Short";
+                    case INT -> "Int";
+                    case LONG -> "Long";
+                    case FLOAT -> "Float";
+                    case DOUBLE -> "Double";
+                    case STRING -> "Object";
+                };
+                case "RANDOM" -> switch (this) {  // or can be Random
+                    case BOOLEAN -> Boolean.toString(!(boolean) value);
+                    case BYTE -> "(byte)" + value + 1;
+                    case CHAR -> "'" + value + "'";
+                    case SHORT -> "(short)" + value + 1;
+                    case INT -> "-2";
+                    case LONG -> "-2L";
+                    case FLOAT -> (1.0f + (float) value) + "f";
+                    case DOUBLE -> (1.0d + (float) value) + "d";
+                    case STRING -> "\"" + value + "!\"";
+                };
+                default -> switch (this) {
+                    case BOOLEAN -> value.toString();
+                    case BYTE -> "(byte)" + value;
+                    case CHAR -> "'" + value + "'";
+                    case SHORT -> "(short)" + value;
+                    case INT -> "-1";
+                    case LONG -> "-1L";
+                    case FLOAT -> value + "f";
+                    case DOUBLE -> value + "d";
+                    case STRING -> '"' + (String) value + '"';
+                };
+            };
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set of Parameters to fill in template.
+     *
+     * @param key    the key
+     * @param params the ComboParameters (one or more)
+     */
+    record ParamSet(String key, int count, ComboParameter... params) {
+        /**
+         * Set of parameter strings for fill in template.
+         * The strings are mapped to CompboParameter.Constants.
+         *
+         * @param key     the key
+         * @param strings varargs strings
+         */
+        ParamSet(String key, String... strings) {
+            this(key, 1, paramsForStrings(strings));
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set of parameter strings for fill in template.
+         * The strings are mapped to CompboParameter.Constants.
+         *
+         * @param key     the key
+         * @param strings varargs strings
+         */
+        ParamSet(String key, int count, String... strings) {
+            this(key, count, paramsForStrings(strings));
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set of parameters for fill in template.
+         * The strings are mapped to CompboParameter.Constants.
+         *
+         * @param key    the key
+         * @param params varargs strings
+         */
+        ParamSet(String key, ComboParameter... params) {
+            this(key, 1, params);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Marks conditions that should match compile time errors
+     */
+    static class CompileException extends RuntimeException {
+        CompileException(String msg) {
+            super(msg);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Custom ObjectInputStream to be resolve classes from a specific class loader.
+     */
+    private static class LoaderObjectInputStream extends ObjectInputStream {
+        private final ClassLoader loader;
+
+        public LoaderObjectInputStream(InputStream in, ClassLoader loader) throws IOException {
+            super(in);
+            this.loader = loader;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Override resolveClass to be resolve classes from the specified loader.
+         *
+         * @param desc an instance of class {@code ObjectStreamClass}
+         * @return the class
+         * @throws ClassNotFoundException if the class is not found
+         */
+        @Override
+        protected Class<?> resolveClass(ObjectStreamClass desc) throws ClassNotFoundException {
+            String name = desc.getName();
+            try {
+                return Class.forName(name, false, loader);
+            } catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
+                Class<?> cl = Class.forPrimitiveName(name);
+                if (cl != null) {
+                    return cl;
+                } else {
+                    throw ex;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private abstract class MyCompilationTask extends ComboInstance {
+
+    }
+    private static void selftest() {
+        Set<ComboParameter> params = Set.of(ValueKind.VALUE, SerializationKind.EXTERNALIZABLE);
+        assertTrue(ValueKind.VALUE.test(params), "VALUE");
+        assertTrue(SerializationKind.EXTERNALIZABLE.test(params), "SerializationKind.EXTERNALIZABLE");
+        assertFalse(CodeShape.BAD_EXT_VALUE.test(params));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/io/Serializable/valueObjects/SimpleValueGraphs.java b/test/jdk/java/io/Serializable/valueObjects/SimpleValueGraphs.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d4efbbb46f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/io/Serializable/valueObjects/SimpleValueGraphs.java
@@ -0,0 +1,403 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @summary Serialize and deserialize value objects
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @run junit/bootclasspath/othervm SimpleValueGraphs
+ */
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.Externalizable;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.ObjectInput;
+import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
+import java.io.ObjectOutput;
+import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
+import java.io.Serial;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.io.InvalidClassException;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.function.BiFunction;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.Deserializer;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.hexdump.HexPrinter;
+import jdk.test.lib.hexdump.ObjectStreamPrinter;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+
+public class SimpleValueGraphs implements Serializable {
+
+    private static final boolean DEBUG = true;
+
+    private static final SimpleValue foo1 = new SimpleValue("One", 1);
+    private static final SimpleValue foo2 = new SimpleValue("Two", 2);
+
+    public static Stream<Arguments> valueObjects() {
+        return Stream.of(
+                Arguments.of(new SimpleValue(new SimpleValue(1))),
+                Arguments.of(new SimpleValue(new SimpleValue(2), 3)),
+                Arguments.of((Object)(new SimpleValue[] {foo1, foo1, foo2, foo1, foo2 })));
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("valueObjects")
+    public void roundTrip(Object expected) throws Exception {
+        byte[] bytes = serialize(expected);
+
+        if (DEBUG)
+            HexPrinter.simple().dest(System.out).formatter(ObjectStreamPrinter.formatter()).format(bytes);
+
+        Object actual = deserialize(bytes);
+        System.out.println("actual: " + actual.toString());
+        if (actual.getClass().isArray()) {
+            Assertions.assertArrayEquals((Object[]) expected, (Object[]) actual, "Mismatch " + expected.getClass());
+        } else {
+            Assertions.assertEquals(expected, actual, "Mismatch " + expected.getClass());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final Tree treeI = Tree.makeTree(3, (l, r) -> new TreeI((TreeI)l, (TreeI)l));
+    private static final Tree treeV = Tree.makeTree(3, (l, r) -> new TreeV((TreeV)l, (TreeV)l));
+
+    // Create a tree of identity objects with a cycle; it will serialize ok, but when deserialized as
+    // a value class the cycle is broken by replacing the back ref with null.
+    private static Tree treeCycle(boolean cycle) {
+        TreeI tree = (TreeI)Tree.makeTree(3, (l, r) -> new TreeI((TreeI)l, (TreeI)l));
+        tree.setLeft(cycle ? tree : null);     // force a cycle or null
+        return tree;
+    }
+
+    public static Stream<Arguments> migrationObjects() {
+        return Stream.of(
+                Arguments.of(treeI, "TreeI", "TreeV", treeV), // Serialize as an identity class, deserialize as Value class
+                Arguments.of(treeCycle(true), "TreeI", "TreeV", treeCycle(false))
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test serializing an object graph, and deserialize with a modification of the serialized form.
+     * The modifications to the stream change the class name being deserialized.
+     * The cases include serializing an identity class and deserialize the corresponding
+     * value class.
+     *
+     * @param origObj an object to serialize
+     * @param origName a string in the serialized stream to replace
+     * @param replName a string to replace the original string
+     * @param expectedObject the expected object (graph) or an exception if it should fail
+     * @throws Exception some unexpected exception may be thrown and cause the test to fail
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("migrationObjects")
+    public void treeVTest(Object origObj, String origName, String replName, Object expectedObject) throws Exception {
+        byte[] bytes = serialize(origObj);
+        if (DEBUG) {
+            System.out.println("Original serialized " + origObj.getClass().getName());
+            HexPrinter.simple().dest(System.out).formatter(ObjectStreamPrinter.formatter()).format(bytes);
+        }
+
+        // Modify the serialized bytes to change a class name from the serialized name
+        // to a different class. The replacement name must be the same length as the original name.
+        byte[] replBytes = patchBytes(bytes, origName, replName);
+        if (DEBUG) {
+            System.out.println("Modified serialized " + origObj.getClass().getName());
+            HexPrinter.simple().dest(System.out).formatter(ObjectStreamPrinter.formatter()).format(replBytes);
+        }
+        try {
+            Object actual = Assertions.assertDoesNotThrow(() ->deserialize(replBytes));
+
+            // Compare the shape of the actual and expected trees
+            Assertions.assertEquals(expectedObject.toString(), actual.toString(),
+                    "Resulting object not equals: " + actual.getClass().getName());
+
+        } catch (Exception ex) {
+            ex.printStackTrace();
+            Assertions.assertEquals(expectedObject.getClass(), ex.getClass(), ex.toString());
+            Assertions.assertEquals(((Exception)expectedObject).getMessage(), ex.getMessage(), ex.toString());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Serialize an object and return the serialized bytes.
+     *
+     * @param expected an object to serialize
+     * @return a byte array containing the serialized object
+     */
+    private static byte[] serialize(Object expected) throws IOException {
+        try (ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+             ObjectOutputStream oout = new ObjectOutputStream(bout)) {
+            oout.writeObject(expected);
+            oout.flush();
+            return bout.toByteArray();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Deserialize an object from the byte array.
+     * @param bytes a byte array
+     * @return an Object read from the byte array
+     */
+    private static Object deserialize(byte[] bytes) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
+        try (ByteArrayInputStream bin = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
+             ObjectInputStream oin = new ObjectInputStream(bin)) {
+            return oin.readObject();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Replace every occurrence of the string in the byte array with the replacement.
+     * The strings are US_ASCII only.
+     * @param bytes a byte array
+     * @param orig a string, converted to bytes using US_ASCII, originally exists in the bytes
+     * @param repl a string, converted to bytes using US_ASCII, to replace the original bytes
+     * @return a new byte array that has been patched
+     */
+    private byte[] patchBytes(byte[] bytes, String orig, String repl) {
+        return patchBytes(bytes,
+                orig.getBytes(StandardCharsets.US_ASCII),
+                repl.getBytes(StandardCharsets.US_ASCII));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Replace every occurrence of the original bytes in the byte array with the replacement bytes.
+     * @param bytes a byte array
+     * @param orig a byte array containing existing bytes in the byte array
+     * @param repl a byte array to replace the original bytes
+     * @return a copy of the bytes array with each occurrence of the orig bytes with the replacement bytes
+     */
+    static byte[] patchBytes(byte[] bytes, byte[] orig, byte[] repl) {
+        if (orig.length != repl.length && orig.length > 0)
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("orig bytes and replacement must be same length");
+        byte[] result = Arrays.copyOf(bytes, bytes.length);
+        for (int i = 0; i < result.length - orig.length; i++) {
+            if (Arrays.equals(result, i, i + orig.length, orig, 0, orig.length)) {
+                System.arraycopy(repl, 0, result, i, orig.length);
+                i = i + orig.length - 1;    // continue replacing after this occurrence
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public static class SimpleValue implements Serializable {
+        @Serial
+        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+        int i;
+        Serializable obj;
+
+        public SimpleValue(Serializable o) {
+            this.obj = o;
+            this.i = 0;
+        }
+        SimpleValue(int i) {
+            this.i = i;
+        }
+
+        public SimpleValue(Serializable o, int i) {
+            this.obj = o;
+            this.i = i;
+        }
+
+        public boolean equals(Object other) {
+            if (other instanceof SimpleValue simpleValue) {
+                return (i == simpleValue.i && Objects.equals(obj, simpleValue.obj));
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        public int hashCode() {
+            return i;
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "SimpleValue{" + "i=" + i + ", obj=" + obj + '}';
+        }
+    }
+
+    interface Tree {
+        static Tree makeTree(int depth, BiFunction<Tree, Tree, Tree> genNode) {
+            if (depth <= 0) return null;
+            Tree left = makeTree(depth - 1, genNode);
+            Tree right = makeTree(depth - 1, genNode);
+            return genNode.apply(left, right);
+        }
+
+        Tree left();
+        Tree right();
+    }
+    static class TreeI implements Tree, Serializable {
+
+        @Serial
+        private static final long serialVersionUID = 2L;
+        private TreeI left;
+        private TreeI right;
+
+        TreeI(TreeI left, TreeI right) {
+            this.left = left;
+            this.right = right;
+        }
+
+        public TreeI left() {
+            return left;
+        }
+        public TreeI right() {
+            return right;
+        }
+
+        public void setLeft(TreeI left) {
+            this.left = left;
+        }
+        public void setRight(TreeI right) {
+            this.right = right;
+        }
+
+        public boolean equals(Object other) {
+            if (other instanceof TreeV tree) {
+                boolean leftEq = (this.left == null && tree.left == null) ||
+                        left.equals(tree.left);
+                boolean rightEq = (this.right == null && tree.right == null) ||
+                        right.equals(tree.right);
+                return leftEq == rightEq;
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+        public String toString() {
+            return toString(5);
+        }
+        public String toString(int depth) {
+            if (depth <= 0)
+                return "!";
+            String l = (left != null) ? left.toString(depth - 1) : Character.toString(126);
+            String r = (right != null) ? right.toString(depth - 1) : Character.toString(126);
+            return "(" + l + r + ")";
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class TreeV implements Tree, Serializable {
+
+        @Serial
+        private static final long serialVersionUID = 2L;
+        private TreeV left;
+        private TreeV right;
+
+        @Deserializer({"left", "right"})
+        TreeV(TreeV left, TreeV right) {
+            this.left = left;
+            this.right = right;
+        }
+
+        public TreeV left() {
+            return left;
+        }
+        public TreeV right() {
+            return right;
+        }
+
+        public boolean equals(Object other) {
+            // avoid ==, is substitutable check causes stack overflow.
+            if (other instanceof TreeV tree) {
+                return compRef(this.left, tree.left) && compRef(this.right, tree.right);
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // Compare references but don't use ==; isSubstitutable may recurse
+        private static boolean compRef(Object o1, Object o2) {
+            if (o1 == null && o2 == null)
+                return true;
+            if (o1 != null && o2 != null)
+                return o1.equals(o2);
+            return false;
+
+        }
+        public String toString() {
+            return toString(10);
+        }
+        public String toString(int depth) {
+            if (depth <= 0)
+                return "!";
+            String l = (left != null) ? left.toString(depth - 1) : Character.toString(126);
+            String r = (right != null) ? right.toString(depth - 1) : Character.toString(126);
+            return "(" + l + r + ")";
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testExternalizableNotSer() {
+        var obj = new ValueExt();
+        var ex = Assertions.assertThrows(InvalidClassException.class, () -> serialize(obj));
+        Assertions.assertEquals("SimpleValueGraphs$ValueExt; " +
+                "cannot serialize due to final value class or strictly-initialized instance fields",
+                ex.getMessage());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testExternalizableNotDeser() throws IOException {
+        var obj = new IdentExt();
+        byte[] bytes = serialize(obj);
+        byte[] newBytes = patchBytes(bytes, "IdentExt", "ValueExt");
+        var ex = Assertions.assertThrows(InvalidClassException.class, () -> deserialize(newBytes));
+        Assertions.assertTrue(ex.getMessage().contains(
+                "cannot serialize due to final value class or strictly-initialized instance fields"));
+    }
+
+    // Exception trying to serialize
+    // Exception trying to deserialize
+
+    static class IdentExt implements Externalizable {
+        public void writeExternal(ObjectOutput is) {
+
+        }
+        public void readExternal(ObjectInput is) {
+
+        }
+        @Serial
+        private static final long serialVersionUID = 3L;
+    }
+
+    // Not Deserializable or Deserializable, no writeable fields
+    static value class ValueExt implements Externalizable {
+        public void writeExternal(ObjectOutput is) {
+
+        }
+        public void readExternal(ObjectInput is) {
+
+        }
+        @Serial
+        private static final long serialVersionUID = 3L;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/io/Serializable/valueObjects/ValueSerializationTest.java b/test/jdk/java/io/Serializable/valueObjects/ValueSerializationTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..00309920d9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/io/Serializable/valueObjects/ValueSerializationTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,695 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8388318
+ * @summary Test serialization of value classes
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @compile ValueSerializationTest.java
+ * @build jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictInit jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor
+ * @comment run the StrictProcessor over the classes that use \@StrictInit to
+ *          generate classfiles with STRICT_INIT access flags for its annotated fields
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor
+ *             ValueSerializationTest$IdentityStrictPoint
+ * @run junit/othervm -DdeserializerOnBootclasspath=false ${test.main.class}
+ * @run junit/bootclasspath/othervm -DdeserializerOnBootclasspath=true ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.DataOutputStream;
+import java.io.Externalizable;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InvalidClassException;
+import java.io.InvalidObjectException;
+import java.io.NotSerializableException;
+import java.io.ObjectInput;
+import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
+import java.io.ObjectOutput;
+import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
+import java.io.ObjectStreamClass;
+import java.io.ObjectStreamException;
+import java.io.Serial;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.Deserializer;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictInit;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+import static java.io.ObjectStreamConstants.SC_EXTERNALIZABLE;
+import static java.io.ObjectStreamConstants.SC_SERIALIZABLE;
+import static java.io.ObjectStreamConstants.STREAM_MAGIC;
+import static java.io.ObjectStreamConstants.STREAM_VERSION;
+import static java.io.ObjectStreamConstants.TC_CLASSDESC;
+import static java.io.ObjectStreamConstants.TC_ENDBLOCKDATA;
+import static java.io.ObjectStreamConstants.TC_NULL;
+import static java.io.ObjectStreamConstants.TC_OBJECT;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+
+public class ValueSerializationTest {
+
+    private static final boolean DESERIALIZER_ON_BOOTCLASSPATH = Boolean.getBoolean("deserializerOnBootclasspath");
+    private static final Class<NotSerializableException> NSE = NotSerializableException.class;
+    private static final Class<InvalidClassException> ICE = InvalidClassException.class;
+
+    @BeforeAll
+    static void setup() {
+        System.out.println("deserializerOnBootclasspath: " + DESERIALIZER_ON_BOOTCLASSPATH);
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> serializationFailingInstances() {
+        return DESERIALIZER_ON_BOOTCLASSPATH ? serializationAlwaysFailingInstances()
+                : Stream.concat(serializationAlwaysFailingInstances(),
+                                // Unrecognized deserializer leads to ICE
+                                deserializerInstances().map(a -> Arguments.of(a, ICE)));
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> serializationAlwaysFailingInstances() {
+        return Stream.of(
+                Arguments.of(
+                        new NonSerializableValue(10, 100),
+                        NSE
+                ),
+
+                Arguments.of(
+                        new ValueWithNoDeserializer(10, 100),
+                        ICE
+                ),
+
+                Arguments.of(
+                        new IdentityStrictPoint(),
+                        ICE
+                ),
+
+                Arguments.of(
+                        new StrictInSuper(),
+                        ICE
+                ),
+
+                Arguments.of(
+                        new StrictInTwiceSuper(),
+                        ICE
+                ),
+
+                Arguments.of(
+                        new StrictInAbstractValueSuper(),
+                        ICE
+                ),
+
+                // an array of non-serializable value objects
+                Arguments.of(
+                        new NonSerializableValue[]{
+                                new NonSerializableValue(1, 5)
+                        },
+                        NSE
+                ),
+
+                Arguments.of(
+                        new Object[]{
+                                new NonSerializableValue(3, 7)
+                        },
+                        NSE
+                ),
+
+                Arguments.of(
+                        new ExternalizableValue(12, 102),
+                        ICE
+                ),
+
+                Arguments.of(
+                        new ExternalizableValue[]{
+                                new ExternalizableValue(3, 7),
+                                new ExternalizableValue(2, 8)
+                        },
+                        ICE
+                ),
+
+                Arguments.of(
+                        new Object[]{
+                                new ExternalizableValue(13, 17),
+                                new ExternalizableValue(14, 18)
+                        },
+                        ICE
+                )
+        );
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Verifies that the given obj that isn't expected to be serializable
+     * throws the expected exception from ObjectOutputStream.writeObject()
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("serializationFailingInstances")
+    void testSerializationFails(Object obj, Class<? extends Exception> expectedException)
+            throws Exception {
+        // expect serialization to fail
+        try (ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new ByteArrayOutputStream())) {
+            assertThrows(expectedException, () -> oos.writeObject(obj));
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Object> deserializerInstances() {
+        return Stream.of(
+                new ValueWithDeserializer(11, 101),
+
+                new ValueWithDeserializer[]{
+                        new ValueWithDeserializer(1, 5),
+                        new ValueWithDeserializer(2, 6)
+                },
+
+                new Object[]{
+                        new ValueWithDeserializer(3, 7),
+                        new ValueWithDeserializer(4, 8)
+                }
+        );
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Object> serializingInstances() {
+        return DESERIALIZER_ON_BOOTCLASSPATH ? Stream.concat(deserializerInstances(), alwaysSerializingInstances())
+                : alwaysSerializingInstances();
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Object> alwaysSerializingInstances() {
+        return Stream.of(
+                new ValueWriteReplaceWithIdentity(45),
+
+                new ValueWriteReplaceWithIdentity[]{
+                        new ValueWriteReplaceWithIdentity(46)
+                },
+
+                new ExtValueWithIdentityReplacement("hello"),
+
+                new ExtValueWithIdentityReplacement[]{
+                        new ExtValueWithIdentityReplacement("there")
+                },
+
+                new CustomNumberWithIdentity(16, 42),
+
+                new CustomNumberWithIdentity[] {
+                        new CustomNumberWithIdentity(-6, 77),
+                        new CustomNumberWithIdentity(54, -79),
+                }
+        );
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Verifies that a value object that implements java.io.Serializable and is associated with
+     * the JDK internal jdk.internal.value.Deserializer can be serialized and deserialized through
+     * the use of ObjectOutputStream.writeObject() and ObjectInputStream.readObject() successfully.
+     * The deserialized object is then compared with the given obj to verify that they are equal.
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("serializingInstances")
+    void testSerDeserSucceeds(Object obj) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
+        // serialize
+        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        try (ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(baos)) {
+            oos.writeObject(obj);
+        }
+        byte[] bytes = baos.toByteArray();
+        Object actual;
+        // deserialize
+        try (ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes))) {
+            actual = ois.readObject();
+        }
+        // compare the deserialized with the original
+        if (obj.getClass().isArray()) {
+            assertArrayEquals((Object[]) obj, (Object[]) actual);
+        } else {
+            assertEquals(obj, actual);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> classes() {
+        return Stream.of(
+                Arguments.of(
+                        ExtValueWithIdentityReplacement.class,
+                        SC_EXTERNALIZABLE,
+                        ICE
+                ),
+
+                Arguments.of(
+                        ExtValueWithIdentityReplacement.class,
+                        SC_SERIALIZABLE,
+                        ICE
+                ),
+
+                Arguments.of(
+                        IdentityStrictPoint.class,
+                        SC_SERIALIZABLE,
+                        ICE
+                ),
+
+                Arguments.of(
+                        StrictInSuper.class,
+                        SC_SERIALIZABLE,
+                        ICE
+                ),
+
+                Arguments.of(
+                        StrictInTwiceSuper.class,
+                        SC_SERIALIZABLE,
+                        ICE
+                ),
+
+                Arguments.of(
+                        StrictInAbstractValueSuper.class,
+                        SC_SERIALIZABLE,
+                        ICE
+                ),
+
+                Arguments.of(
+                        ValueWithDeserializer.class,
+                        SC_EXTERNALIZABLE,
+                        ICE
+                ),
+
+                Arguments.of(
+                        ValueWithDeserializer.class,
+                        SC_SERIALIZABLE,
+                        DESERIALIZER_ON_BOOTCLASSPATH ? null : ICE
+                ),
+
+                Arguments.of(
+                        CustomNumberWithIdentity.class,
+                        SC_SERIALIZABLE,
+                        null
+                )
+        );
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * A byte stream is generated containing a reference to the given class
+     * with the given flags and a serial version UID determined in the test method.
+     * The byte stream is then read using ObjectInputStream.readObject() and the test verifies
+     * that if an exception is expected to be thrown then it is thrown, or if the deserialization
+     * is expected to complete normally, then it verifies that no exception is thrown.
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("classes")
+    void testDeser(Class<?> clazz, byte flags, Class<? extends Exception> expectedException)
+            throws Exception {
+        ObjectStreamClass clsDesc = ObjectStreamClass.lookup(clazz);
+        long uid = clsDesc == null ? 0L : clsDesc.getSerialVersionUID();
+        byte[] serialBytes = byteStreamFor(clazz.getName(), uid, flags);
+        // deserialize
+        try (ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(serialBytes))) {
+            if (expectedException != null) {
+                assertThrows(expectedException, () -> ois.readObject());
+            } else {
+                ois.readObject();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Generate a byte stream containing a reference to the named class with the SVID and flags.
+    private static byte[] byteStreamFor(String className, long uid, byte flags) throws Exception {
+        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(baos);
+        dos.writeShort(STREAM_MAGIC);
+        dos.writeShort(STREAM_VERSION);
+        dos.writeByte(TC_OBJECT);
+        dos.writeByte(TC_CLASSDESC);
+        dos.writeUTF(className);
+        dos.writeLong(uid);
+        dos.writeByte(flags);
+        dos.writeShort(0);             // number of fields
+        dos.writeByte(TC_ENDBLOCKDATA);   // no annotations
+        dos.writeByte(TC_NULL);           // no superclasses
+        dos.close();
+        return baos.toByteArray();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A concrete value class that doesn't implement Serializable (or Externalizable) interface
+     */
+    public static value class NonSerializableValue {
+        public int x;
+        public int y;
+
+        public NonSerializableValue(int x, int y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "[NonSerializableValue x=" + x + " y=" + y + "]";
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * An identity class with strict initialized instance fields
+     */
+    public static class IdentityStrictPoint implements Serializable {
+        static {
+            for (var f : IdentityStrictPoint.class.getDeclaredFields()) {
+                assertTrue(f.isStrictInit(), "missing strict init on field: " + f.getName());
+            }
+        }
+
+        @StrictInit
+        public int x;
+        @StrictInit
+        public int y;
+
+        public IdentityStrictPoint() {
+            x = 3;
+            y = 5;
+            super();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "[IdentityStrictPoint x=" + x + " y=" + y + "]";
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A concrete value class that implements java.io.Serializable and doesn't have any
+     * jdk.internal.value.Deserializer on its constructor.
+     */
+    public static value class ValueWithNoDeserializer implements Serializable {
+        public int x;
+        public int y;
+
+        // Note: Must NOT have @Deserializer annotation
+        public ValueWithNoDeserializer(int x, int y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "[ValueWithNoDeserializer x=" + x + " y=" + y + "]";
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A concrete value class which implements java.io.Externalizable and doesn't
+     * implement writeReplace().
+     */
+    static value class ExternalizableValue implements Externalizable {
+        public int x;
+        public int y;
+
+        public ExternalizableValue() {
+            this.x = 0;
+            this.y = 0;
+        }
+
+        ExternalizableValue(int x, int y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void readExternal(ObjectInput in) {
+            // concrete value class isn't expected to be deserializable, so we don't
+            // expect this method to be invoked during deserialization.
+            throw new AssertionError("not expected to be invoked on " + this);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void writeExternal(ObjectOutput out) {
+            // concrete value class isn't expected to be serializable, so we don't
+            // expect this method to be invoked during serialization.
+            throw new AssertionError("not expected to be invoked on " + this);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "[ExternalizableValue x=" + x + " y=" + y + "]";
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * A concrete value class which implements java.io.Serializable and has a
+     * jdk.internal.value.Deserializer associated with its constructor.
+     * It may be serialized only if it is on the boot class path.
+     */
+    static value class ValueWithDeserializer implements Serializable {
+        public int x;
+        public int y;
+
+        @Deserializer({"x", "y"})
+        private ValueWithDeserializer(int x, int y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "[ValueWithDeserializer x=" + x + " y=" + y + "]";
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A concrete value class which implements java.io.Serializable
+     * and implements the writeReplace() method to return an identity
+     * object.
+     */
+    static value class ValueWriteReplaceWithIdentity implements Serializable {
+        public int x;
+
+        ValueWriteReplaceWithIdentity(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+
+        @Serial
+        Object writeReplace() throws ObjectStreamException {
+            return new IdentityRecord(x);
+        }
+
+        @Serial
+        private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s) throws InvalidObjectException {
+            // the writeReplace() implementation of this class, when the serialization side
+            // is preparing to write this object to the stream, has replaced this object
+            // with an instance of a different class, so we don't expect deserialization
+            // to invoke this method.
+            throw new AssertionError("not expected to be invoked on " + this);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "[ValueWriteReplaceWithIdentity x=" + x + "]";
+        }
+
+        private record IdentityRecord(int x) implements Serializable {
+            @Serial
+            Object readResolve() throws ObjectStreamException {
+                return new ValueWriteReplaceWithIdentity(x);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A concrete value class which implements java.io.Externalizable and implements
+     * the writeReplace() method to return an identity object.
+     */
+    static value class ExtValueWithIdentityReplacement implements Externalizable {
+        public String s;
+
+        ExtValueWithIdentityReplacement(String s) {
+            this.s = s;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean equals(Object other) {
+            return other instanceof ExtValueWithIdentityReplacement foo && s.equals(foo.s);
+        }
+
+        @Serial
+        Object writeReplace() throws ObjectStreamException {
+            return new IdentityRecord(s);
+        }
+
+        private record IdentityRecord(String s) implements Serializable {
+            @Serial
+            Object readResolve() throws ObjectStreamException {
+                return new ExtValueWithIdentityReplacement(s);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void readExternal(ObjectInput in) {
+            // the writeReplace() implementation of this class, when the serialization side
+            // is preparing to write this object to the stream, has replaced this object
+            // with an instance of a different class, so we don't expect deserialization
+            // to invoke this method.
+            throw new AssertionError("not expected to be invoked on " + this);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void writeExternal(ObjectOutput out) {
+            // the writeReplace() implementation of this class, when the serialization side
+            // is preparing to write this object to the stream, has replaced this object
+            // with an instance of a different class, so we don't expect this method to
+            // play any role during serialization.
+            throw new AssertionError("not expected to be invoked on " + this);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "[ExtValueWithIdentityReplacement s=" + s + "]";
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A plain identity class that does not declare any strictly initialized
+     * instance field but its immediate superclasses, which implement Serializable,
+     * does.
+     */
+    public static class StrictInSuper extends IdentityStrictPoint {
+        // Declares no field, inherits strictly-initialized instance fields
+        // IdentityStrictPoint.x and y
+        public StrictInSuper() {
+            super();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "[StrictInSuper x=" + x + " y=" + y + "]";
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A plain identity class that does not declare any strictly initialized
+     * instance field but one of its non-immediate superclasses that implement
+     * Serializable does.
+     */
+    public static class StrictInTwiceSuper extends StrictInSuper {
+        // Declares no field, inherits strictly-initialized instance fields
+        // IdentityStrictPoint.x and y
+        public StrictInTwiceSuper() {
+            super();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "[StrictInTwiceSuper x=" + x + " y=" + y + "]";
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * An abstract value class that declares instance fields. Such fields are
+     * always strictly initialized, making none of their subclasses serializable
+     * without jdk.internal.value.Deserializer.
+     */
+    public abstract static value class HasFieldAbstractValue implements Serializable {
+        public int x;
+        public int y;
+
+        public HasFieldAbstractValue(int x, int y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "[HasFieldAbstractValue x=" + x + " y=" + y + "]";
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * An identity class that inherits strictly-initialized instance fields from
+     * its abstract value superclass that is serializable.  Therefore, this class
+     * is not serializable without jdk.internal.value.Deserializer.
+     */
+    public static class StrictInAbstractValueSuper extends HasFieldAbstractValue {
+        public StrictInAbstractValueSuper() {
+            super(42, -3);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "[StrictInAbstractValueSuper x=" + x + " y=" + y + "]";
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * An identity class that does not inherit any strictly-initialized instance
+     * field from its abstract value superclass that is serializable, in this
+     * case the migrated java.lang.Number.  This class is accepted by default
+     * serialization.
+     */
+    public static class CustomNumberWithIdentity extends Number {
+        public int x;
+        public int y;
+
+        public CustomNumberWithIdentity(int x, int y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int intValue() {
+            return (int) longValue();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public long longValue() {
+            return (long) x << 32 | y;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public float floatValue() {
+            return longValue();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public double doubleValue() {
+            return longValue();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public final boolean equals(Object o) {
+            if (!(o instanceof CustomNumberWithIdentity that))
+                return false;
+
+            return x == that.x && y == that.y;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int hashCode() {
+            int result = x;
+            result = 31 * result + y;
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "[CustomNumberWithIdentity x=" + x + " y=" + y + "]";
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/Class/GenericStringTest.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/Class/GenericStringTest.java
index 71f39f60228..73a3ffed5ad 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/Class/GenericStringTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/Class/GenericStringTest.java
@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 6298888 6992705 8161500 6304578 8322878
  * @summary Check Class.toGenericString()
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile GenericStringTest.java
+ * @run main/othervm GenericStringTest
  */
 
 import java.lang.reflect.*;
@@ -86,6 +89,7 @@ public static void main(String... args) throws ReflectiveOperationException {
                                      LocalMap.class,
                                      AnEnum.class,
                                      AnotherEnum.class,
+                                     AValueClass.class,
 
                                      SealedRootClass.class,
                                      SealedRootClass.ChildA.class,
@@ -156,6 +160,9 @@ enum AnotherEnum {
     BAR{};
 }
 
+@ExpectedGenericString("final value class AValueClass<E>")
+value class AValueClass<E> {}
+
 // Test cases for sealed/non-sealed _class_ hierarchy.
 @ExpectedGenericString("sealed class SealedRootClass")
 sealed class SealedRootClass
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/Class/getModifiers/TestPrimitiveAndArrayModifiers.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/Class/getModifiers/TestPrimitiveAndArrayModifiers.java
index 5efa0b3f0d8..87503a5609c 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/Class/getModifiers/TestPrimitiveAndArrayModifiers.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/Class/getModifiers/TestPrimitiveAndArrayModifiers.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -21,13 +21,19 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
+
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
 import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
 import java.lang.annotation.*;
 
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8296743
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @summary Verify array classes and primitives have expected modifiers
+ * @run main/othervm TestPrimitiveAndArrayModifiers
+ * @run main/othervm --enable-preview TestPrimitiveAndArrayModifiers
  */
 @ExpectedModifiers(Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.FINAL | Modifier.ABSTRACT)
 public class TestPrimitiveAndArrayModifiers {
@@ -67,11 +73,15 @@ private static void testArrays() {
         for(var testCase : testCases) {
             int expectedModifiers =
                 testCase.getAnnotation(ExpectedModifiers.class).value();
+            if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled()) {
+                // All arrays under preview also have IDENTITY
+                expectedModifiers |= ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY;
+            }
             Class<?> arrayClass = testCase.arrayType();
             int actualModifiers = arrayClass.getModifiers();
             if (expectedModifiers != actualModifiers) {
                 throw new RuntimeException("Expected " + Modifier.toString(expectedModifiers) +
-                                           "on " + testCase.getCanonicalName() +
+                                           " on " + testCase.getCanonicalName() +
                                            ", but got " + Modifier.toString(actualModifiers));
             }
         }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/IdentityExceptionBasicTest.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/IdentityExceptionBasicTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9b9fc63addf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/IdentityExceptionBasicTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Basic tests for java.lang.IdentityException
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run junit ${test.main.class}
+ */
+class IdentityExceptionBasicTest {
+
+    /*
+     * Verify the no-arg constructor
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testNoArg() throws Exception {
+        // verify that there's no exception message and no cause
+        final IdentityException ex = new IdentityException();
+        assertNull(ex.getMessage(), "unexpected exception message");
+        assertNull(ex.getCause(), "unexpected cause");
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Verify the constructor which takes the String arg
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testStringArg() throws Exception {
+        // verify that null is allowed
+        final IdentityException ex = new IdentityException((String) null);
+        assertNull(ex.getMessage(), "unexpected exception message");
+        assertNull(ex.getCause(), "unexpected cause");
+
+        // verify custom exception message
+        final IdentityException ex2 = new IdentityException("hello world");
+        assertEquals("hello world", ex2.getMessage(), "unexpected exception message");
+        assertNull(ex2.getCause(), "unexpected cause");
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/Object/ValueObjects.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/Object/ValueObjects.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f84cee73a99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/Object/ValueObjects.java
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Basic test of Object methods on value objects
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run junit ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+
+class ValueObjects {
+
+    /**
+     * Test the Object.clone method on a value object. It should return an object that
+     * is indistinguishable from the original.
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testClone() throws Exception {
+        value class V implements Cloneable {
+            @Override
+            protected V clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
+                return (V) super.clone();
+            }
+        }
+
+        var obj = new V();
+        assertSame(obj, obj.clone());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test the Object.clone method on a value object when the value class does
+     * not implement Cloneable.
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testCloneNotSupportedException() throws Exception {
+        value class V {
+            @Override
+            protected V clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
+                return (V) super.clone();
+            }
+        }
+
+        var obj = new V();
+        assertThrows(CloneNotSupportedException.class, obj::clone);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test that the finalize method on a value class is not invoked by the GC.
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testValueClassFinalize() throws Exception {
+        value class V {
+            CountDownLatch latch;
+            V(CountDownLatch latch) {
+                this.latch = latch;
+            }
+            @Override
+            protected void finalize() {
+                latch.countDown();
+            }
+        }
+
+        var latch = new TimeoutAdjustingLatch();
+        var obj = new V(latch);
+        obj = null;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+            System.gc();
+            // latch should not count down
+            assertFalse(latch.await(100, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test that the finalize method on an abstract value value is not invoked by the GC.
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testAbstractValueClassFinalize() throws Exception {
+        abstract value class AV {
+            CountDownLatch latch;
+            AV(CountDownLatch latch) {
+                this.latch = latch;
+            }
+            @Override
+            protected void finalize() {
+                latch.countDown();
+            }
+        }
+        /*identity*/ class C extends AV {
+            C(CountDownLatch latch) {
+                super(latch);
+            }
+        }
+
+        var latch = new TimeoutAdjustingLatch();
+        var obj = new C(latch);
+        obj = null;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+            System.gc();
+            // latch should not count down
+            assertFalse(latch.await(100, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test that the wait/notify methods on a value object throw IMSE.
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testWaitNotify() {
+        value class V {}
+        Object obj = new V();
+        assertThrows(IllegalMonitorStateException.class, () -> obj.wait());
+        assertThrows(IllegalMonitorStateException.class, () -> obj.wait(1000));
+        assertThrows(IllegalMonitorStateException.class, () -> obj.wait(1000, 10));
+        assertThrows(IllegalMonitorStateException.class, () -> obj.notify());
+        assertThrows(IllegalMonitorStateException.class, () -> obj.notifyAll());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test default toString method.
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testToString() {
+        value class V { }
+        var obj = new V();
+        String expected = V.class.getName() + "@" + Integer.toHexString(obj.hashCode());
+        assertEquals(expected, obj.toString());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A CountDownLatch that is created with a count of 1 and with a timed-await method
+     * that adjusts the timeout based on the jtreg timeout factory configuration.
+     */
+    private static class TimeoutAdjustingLatch extends CountDownLatch {
+        TimeoutAdjustingLatch() {
+            super(1);
+        }
+        @Override
+        public boolean await(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException {
+            return super.await(Utils.adjustTimeout(timeout), unit);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/RetransformApp.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/RetransformApp.java
index a026952b29f..f6db7ebe7ae 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/RetransformApp.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/RetransformApp.java
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
  *
  * @modules java.instrument
  * @library /test/lib
+ * @build jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools
  * @build RetransformAgent asmlib.Instrumentor
  * @run driver/timeout=240 RetransformApp roleDriver
  * @comment The test uses a higher timeout to prevent test timeouts noted in JDK-6528548
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/Host/Host.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/Host/Host.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..14895507352
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/Host/Host.java
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+public value class Host {
+    public static String getID() { return "Host/Host.java";}
+    public int m() {
+        return 1; // original class
+    }
+    public Host(int A, long B, char C) {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/Host/redef/Host.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/Host/redef/Host.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cd3812313b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/Host/redef/Host.java
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+public value class Host {
+    public static String getID() { return "Host/redef/Host.java";}
+    public int m() {
+        return 2; // redefined class
+    }
+    public Host(int A, long B, char C) {
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostA/Host.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostA/Host.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..22242332c7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostA/Host.java
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+public value class Host {
+    int A;
+    public static String getID() { return "HostA/Host.java";}
+    public int m() {
+        return 1; // original class
+    }
+    public Host(int A, long B, char C) {
+        this.A = A;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostA/redef/Host.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostA/redef/Host.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..128651125b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostA/redef/Host.java
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+public value class Host {
+    int A;
+    public static String getID() { return "HostA/redef/Host.java"; }
+    public int m() {
+        return 2; // redefined class
+    }
+    public Host(int A, long B, char C) {
+        this.A = A;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostAB/Host.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostAB/Host.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fe1009b43fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostAB/Host.java
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+public value class Host {
+    int A;
+    long B;
+    public static String getID() { return "HostAB/Host.java";}
+    public int m() {
+        return 1; // original class
+    }
+    public Host(int A, long B, char C) {
+        this.A = A;
+        this.B = B;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostAB/redef/Host.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostAB/redef/Host.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..60550c9fa9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostAB/redef/Host.java
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+public value class Host {
+    int A;
+    long B;
+    public static String getID() { return "HostAB/redef/Host.java"; }
+    public int m() {
+        return 2; // redefined class
+    }
+    public Host(int A, long B, char C) {
+        this.A = A;
+        this.B = B;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostABC/redef/Host.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostABC/redef/Host.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..01a5b0f1b46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostABC/redef/Host.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+public value class Host {
+    int A;
+    long B;
+    char C;
+    public static String getID() { return "HostABC/redef/Host.java"; }
+    public int m() {
+        return 2; // redefined class
+    }
+    public Host(int A, long B, char C) {
+        this.A = A;
+        this.B = B;
+        this.C = C;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostAC/redef/Host.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostAC/redef/Host.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5427cbaac8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostAC/redef/Host.java
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+public value class Host {
+    int A;
+    char C;
+    public static String getID() { return "HostAC/redef/Host.java"; }
+    public int m() {
+        return 2; // redefined class
+    }
+    public Host(int A, long B, char C) {
+        this.A = A;
+        this.C = C;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostB/redef/Host.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostB/redef/Host.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8894cb74566
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostB/redef/Host.java
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+public value class Host {
+    long B;
+    public static String getID() { return "HostB/redef/Host.java"; }
+    public int m() {
+        return 2; // redefined class
+    }
+    public Host(int A, long B, char C) {
+        this.B = B;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostBA/redef/Host.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostBA/redef/Host.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..44d8a9f31f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostBA/redef/Host.java
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+public value class Host {
+    long B;
+    int A;
+    public static String getID() { return "HostBA/redef/Host.java"; }
+    public int m() {
+        return 2; // redefined class
+    }
+    public Host(int A, long B, char C) {
+        this.B = B;
+        this.A = A;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostI/Host.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostI/Host.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..90101368ee1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostI/Host.java
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+public class Host { // this is instance (not value) class
+    public static String getID() { return "HostI/Host.java";}
+    public int m() {
+        return 1; // original class
+    }
+    public Host(int A, long B, char C) {
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostI/redef/Host.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostI/redef/Host.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..642d9c1cd9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/HostI/redef/Host.java
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+public class Host { // this is instance (not value) class
+    public static String getID() { return "Host/redef/Host.java";}
+    public int m() {
+        return 2; // redefined class
+    }
+    public Host(int A, long B, char C) {
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/RedefineValueClass.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/RedefineValueClass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2df378cf312
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/RedefineValueClass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test for value class redefinition
+ * @comment The code is based on test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/RedefineNestmateAttr
+ * @comment modified for value classes.
+ *
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.compiler
+ *          java.instrument
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main RedefineClassHelper
+ * @compile Host/Host.java
+ * @run main/othervm -javaagent:redefineagent.jar -Xlog:redefine+class*=trace RedefineValueClass Host
+ * @compile HostA/Host.java
+ * @run main/othervm -javaagent:redefineagent.jar -Xlog:redefine+class*=trace RedefineValueClass HostA
+ * @compile HostAB/Host.java
+ * @run main/othervm -javaagent:redefineagent.jar -Xlog:redefine+class*=trace RedefineValueClass HostAB
+ * @compile HostI/Host.java
+ * @run main/othervm -javaagent:redefineagent.jar -Xlog:redefine+class*=trace RedefineValueClass HostI
+ */
+
+/* Test Description
+
+The basic test class is called Host.
+Each variant of the class is defined in source code in its own directory i.e.
+
+Host/Host.java defines zero fields
+Class HostA/Host.java has field "int A"
+Class HostAB/Host.java has fields "int A" and "long B" (in that order)
+Class HostI/Host.java is an instance class with zero fields
+etc.
+
+Each Host class has the form:
+
+  public value class Host {
+    // fields here
+    public static String getID() { return "<directory name>/Host.java"; }
+
+    public int m() {
+        return 1; // original class
+    }
+
+    public Host(int A, long B, char C) {
+         ...
+    }
+  }
+
+The only exception is class in HostI dir which is instance class.
+
+Under each directory is a directory "redef" with a modified version of the Host
+class that changes the ID to e.g. Host/redef/Host.java, and the method m()
+returns 2. This allows us to check we have the redefined class loaded.
+
+Using Host' to represent the redefined version we test different redefinition combinations.
+
+We can only directly load one class Host per classloader, so to run all the
+groups we either need to use new classloaders, or we reinvoke the test
+requesting a different primary directory. We chose the latter using
+multiple @run tags. So we preceed as follows:
+
+ @compile Host/Host.java
+ @run RedefineValueClass Host
+ @compile HostA/Host.java  - replaces previous Host.class
+ @run RedefineValueClass HostA
+ @compile HostAB/Host.java  - replaces previous Host.class
+ @run RedefineValueClass HostAB
+etc.
+
+Within the test we directly compile redefined versions of the classes,
+using CompilerUtil, and then read the .class file directly as a byte[]
+to use with the RedefineClassHelper.
+*/
+
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import jdk.test.lib.compiler.CompilerUtils;
+import static jdk.test.lib.Asserts.assertTrue;
+
+public class RedefineValueClass {
+
+    static final Path SRC = Paths.get(System.getProperty("test.src"));
+    static final Path DEST = Paths.get(System.getProperty("test.classes"));
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
+        String origin = args[0];
+        System.out.println("Testing original Host class from " + origin);
+
+        // Make sure the Host class loaded directly is an original version
+        // and from the expected location. Use a ctor common to all Host
+        // classes.
+        Host h = new Host(3, 4, 'a');
+        assertTrue(h.m() == 1);
+        assertTrue(Host.getID().startsWith(origin + "/"));
+
+        String[] badTransforms = null;  // directories of bad classes
+        String[] goodTransforms = null; // directories of good classes
+
+        switch (origin) {
+        case "Host":
+            badTransforms = new String[] {
+                "HostI", // value class to instance class
+                "HostA"  // add field
+            };
+            goodTransforms = new String[] {
+                origin
+            };
+            break;
+
+        case "HostA":
+            badTransforms = new String[] {
+                "Host",   // remove field
+                "HostAB", // add field
+                "HostB"   // change field
+            };
+            goodTransforms = new String[] {
+                origin
+            };
+            break;
+
+        case "HostAB":
+            badTransforms = new String[] {
+                "HostA",   // remove field
+                "HostABC", // add field
+                "HostAC",  // change fields
+                "HostBA"   // reorder fields
+            };
+            goodTransforms = new String[] {
+                origin,
+            };
+            break;
+
+        case "HostI":  // instance class
+            badTransforms = new String[] {
+                "Host",  // instance class to value class
+            };
+            break;
+
+        default:
+            throw new RuntimeException("Unknown test directory: " + origin);
+        }
+
+        // Compile and check bad transformations
+        checkBadTransforms(Host.class, badTransforms);
+
+        // Compile and check good transformations
+        if (goodTransforms != null) {
+            checkGoodTransforms(Host.class, goodTransforms);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void checkGoodTransforms(Class<?> c, String[] dirs) throws Throwable {
+        for (String dir : dirs) {
+            dir += "/redef";
+            System.out.println("Trying good retransform from " + dir);
+            byte[] buf = bytesForHostClass(dir);
+            RedefineClassHelper.redefineClass(c, buf);
+
+            // Test redefintion worked
+            Host h = new Host(3, 4, 'a');
+            assertTrue(h.m() == 2);
+            System.out.println("Redefined ID: " + Host.getID());
+            assertTrue(Host.getID().startsWith(dir));
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void checkBadTransforms(Class<?> c, String[] dirs) throws Throwable {
+        for (String dir : dirs) {
+            dir += "/redef";
+            System.out.println("Trying bad retransform from " + dir);
+            byte[] buf = bytesForHostClass(dir);
+            try {
+                RedefineClassHelper.redefineClass(c, buf);
+                throw new RuntimeException("Retransformation from directory " + dir +
+                                " succeeded unexpectedly");
+            }
+            catch (UnsupportedOperationException uoe) {
+                System.out.println("Got expected UnsupportedOperationException " + uoe);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static byte[] bytesForHostClass(String dir) throws Throwable {
+        compile(dir);
+        Path clsfile = DEST.resolve(dir).resolve("Host.class");
+        System.out.println("Reading bytes from " + clsfile);
+        return Files.readAllBytes(clsfile);
+    }
+
+    static void compile(String dir) throws Throwable {
+        Path src = SRC.resolve(dir);
+        Path dst = DEST.resolve(dir);
+        System.out.println("Compiling from: " + src + "\n" +
+                           "            to: " + dst);
+        CompilerUtils.compile(src, dst,
+                              false /* don't recurse */,
+                              "--enable-preview",
+                              "--source", String.valueOf(Runtime.version().feature()));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/_HostACB/redef/Host.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/_HostACB/redef/Host.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..37046660112
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/_HostACB/redef/Host.java
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+public record Host(int A, char C, long B) {
+    public static String getID() { return "HostACB/redef/Host.java"; }
+    public int m() {
+        return 2; // redefined class
+    }
+    public Host(int A, long B, char C) {
+        this(A, C, B);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/_HostBAC/redef/Host.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/_HostBAC/redef/Host.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1e0001f7128
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/_HostBAC/redef/Host.java
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+public record Host(long B, int A, char C) {
+    public static String getID() { return "HostBAC/redef/Host.java"; }
+    public int m() {
+        return 2; // redefined class
+    }
+    public Host(int A, long B, char C) {
+        this(B, A, C);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/_HostBCA/redef/Host.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/_HostBCA/redef/Host.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4e87ea823a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/_HostBCA/redef/Host.java
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+public record Host(long B, char C, int A) {
+    public static String getID() { return "HostBCA/redef/Host.java"; }
+    public int m() {
+        return 2; // redefined class
+    }
+    public Host(int A, long B, char C) {
+        this(B, C, A);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/_HostCAB/redef/Host.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/_HostCAB/redef/Host.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d9fa3c96d62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/_HostCAB/redef/Host.java
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+public record Host(char C, int A, long B) {
+    public static String getID() { return "HostCAB/redef/Host.java"; }
+    public int m() {
+        return 2; // redefined class
+    }
+    public Host(int A, long B, char C) {
+        this(C, A, B);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/_HostCBA/redef/Host.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/_HostCBA/redef/Host.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..acecce2ccbb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RedefineValueClass/_HostCBA/redef/Host.java
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+public record Host(char C, long B, int A) {
+    public static String getID() { return "HostCBA/redef/Host.java"; }
+    public int m() {
+        return 2; // redefined class
+    }
+    public Host(int A, long B, char C) {
+        this(C, B, A);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RetransformValueClass.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RetransformValueClass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f96509320d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/valhalla/RetransformValueClass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test for value class retransformation
+ *
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.instrument
+ * @enablePreview
+ *
+ * @run main RetransformValueClass buildAgent
+ *
+ * @run main/othervm -javaagent:testAgent.jar RetransformValueClass
+ */
+
+import java.lang.instrument.Instrumentation;
+import java.lang.instrument.ClassFileTransformer;
+import java.security.ProtectionDomain;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
+
+/*
+ * The test verifies Instrumentation.retransformClasses() (and JVMTI function RetransformClasses)
+ * works with value classes (i.e. JVMTI JvmtiClassFileReconstituter correctly restores class bytes).
+ */
+
+value class ValueClass {
+    public int f1;
+    public String f2;
+
+    public ValueClass(int v1, String v2) {
+        f1 = v1;
+        f2 = v2;
+    }
+}
+
+public class RetransformValueClass {
+
+    public static void main (String[] args) throws Exception {
+        if (args.length == 1 && "buildAgent".equals(args[0])) {
+            buildAgent();
+        } else {
+            runTest();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void buildAgent() throws Exception {
+        String manifest = "Premain-Class: RetransformValueClass\nCan-Redefine-Classes: true\nCan-Retransform-Classes: true\n";
+        ClassFileInstaller.writeJar("testAgent.jar", ClassFileInstaller.Manifest.fromString(manifest), "RetransformValueClass");
+    }
+
+    // agent implementation
+    static Instrumentation instrumentation;
+    public static void premain(String agentArgs, Instrumentation inst) {
+        instrumentation = inst;
+    }
+
+    // test implementation
+    static final Class targetClass = ValueClass.class;
+    static final String targetClassName = targetClass.getName();
+    static boolean transformToOriginalClassbytes = false;
+
+    static void runTest() throws Exception {
+        instrumentation.addTransformer(new Transformer(), true);
+
+        instrumentation.retransformClasses(targetClass);
+
+        transformToOriginalClassbytes = true;
+        instrumentation.retransformClasses(targetClass);
+    }
+
+
+    static class Transformer implements ClassFileTransformer {
+        public Transformer() {
+        }
+
+        public byte[] transform(ClassLoader loader, String className,
+            Class<?> classBeingRedefined, ProtectionDomain protectionDomain, byte[] classfileBuffer) {
+
+            if (className.equals(targetClassName)) {
+                log("Transformer sees '" + className + "' of " + classfileBuffer.length + " bytes.");
+                if (transformToOriginalClassbytes) {
+                    return classfileBuffer;
+                } else {
+                    return  null;
+                }
+            }
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void log(Object o) {
+        System.out.println(String.valueOf(o));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/TEST.properties b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/TEST.properties
deleted file mode 100644
index 908b451f8ea..00000000000
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/TEST.properties
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-# disabled till JDK-8219408 is fixed
-allowSmartActionArgs=false
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/StrictInitializingTest.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/StrictInitializingTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..db30ec2eeb3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/StrictInitializingTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8291065
+ * @summary Checks interaction of static field VarHandle with class
+ *          initialization mechanism.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library java.base /test/lib
+ * @build java.base/java.lang.invoke.*
+ *        LazyInitializingTest ${test.main.class}
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor StrictInitializingSample StrictStaticFinalHolder
+ * @run junit ${test.main.class}
+ * @run junit/othervm -Djava.lang.invoke.VarHandle.VAR_HANDLE_IDENTITY_ADAPT=true ${test.main.class}
+ * @run junit/othervm -Djava.lang.invoke.VarHandle.VAR_HANDLE_GUARDS=false ${test.main.class}
+ * @run junit/othervm -Djava.lang.invoke.VarHandle.VAR_HANDLE_IDENTITY_ADAPT=true
+ *                    -Djava.lang.invoke.VarHandle.VAR_HANDLE_GUARDS=false ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs;
+import java.lang.invoke.LookupHelper;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.VarHandle;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictInit;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+public class StrictInitializingTest {
+
+    private static final MethodHandles.Lookup LOOKUP = MethodHandles.lookup();
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOperationsDuringInit() throws Throwable {
+        VarHandle[] handle = new VarHandle[1];
+        boolean[] executed = {false};
+        var ci = createSampleClass(new LazyInitializingTest.SampleData(() -> {
+            assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> {
+                int _ = (int) handle[0].get();
+            }, "get before write");
+            assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> {
+                boolean _ = (boolean) handle[0].compareAndSet(7, 3);
+            }, "compareAndSet before write");
+            assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> {
+                int _ = (int) handle[0].getAndAdd(3);
+            }, "getAndAdd before write");
+            handle[0].set(12);
+            assertEquals(12, (int) handle[0].get());
+            assertEquals(12, (int) handle[0].getAndAddAcquire(3));
+            assertEquals(15, (int) handle[0].getVolatile());
+            executed[0] = true;
+        }, 24));
+        handle[0] = ci.vh();
+
+        ci.definingLookup().ensureInitialized(ci.definingLookup().lookupClass());
+        assertTrue(executed[0]);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOperationsOnMethodHandleDuringInit() throws Throwable {
+        MethodHandle[] handle = new MethodHandle[7];
+        boolean[] executed = {false};
+        var ci = createSampleClass(new LazyInitializingTest.SampleData(() -> {
+            assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> {
+                int _ = (int) handle[0].invoke();
+            }, "get before write");
+            assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> {
+                boolean _ = (boolean) handle[1].invoke(7, 3);
+            }, "compareAndSet before write");
+            assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> {
+                int _ = (int) handle[2].invoke(3);
+            }, "getAndAdd before write");
+            assertDoesNotThrow(() -> {
+                handle[3].invokeExact(12);
+                assertEquals(12, (int) handle[4].invokeExact());
+                assertEquals(12, (int) handle[5].invokeExact((int) 3));
+                assertEquals(15, (int) handle[6].invokeExact());
+            });
+            executed[0] = true;
+        }, 24));
+        var vh = ci.vh();
+        handle[0] = vh.toMethodHandle(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET);
+        handle[1] = vh.toMethodHandle(VarHandle.AccessMode.COMPARE_AND_SET);
+        handle[2] = vh.toMethodHandle(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_ADD);
+        handle[3] = vh.toMethodHandle(VarHandle.AccessMode.SET);
+        handle[4] = vh.toMethodHandle(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET);
+        handle[5] = vh.toMethodHandle(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_ADD_ACQUIRE);
+        handle[6] = vh.toMethodHandle(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_VOLATILE);
+
+        ci.definingLookup().ensureInitialized(ci.definingLookup().lookupClass());
+        assertTrue(executed[0]);
+    }
+
+    private static MethodHandles.Lookup[] lookups() {
+        return new MethodHandles.Lookup[] {
+                LookupHelper.IMPL_LOOKUP,
+                LOOKUP,
+        };
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("lookups")
+    public void testSetAccessOnStaticFinal(MethodHandles.Lookup lookup) throws Throwable {
+        var strictStaticFinal = lookup.findStaticVarHandle(StrictStaticFinalHolder.class, "strictStaticFinal", Object.class);
+        assertFalse(strictStaticFinal.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.SET));
+        var trustedStaticFinal = lookup.findStaticVarHandle(StrictStaticFinalHolder.class, "trustedStaticFinal", Object.class);
+        assertFalse(trustedStaticFinal.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.SET));
+        var strictInstanceFinal = lookup.findVarHandle(StrictStaticFinalHolder.class, "strictFinal", Object.class);
+        assertFalse(strictInstanceFinal.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.SET));
+    }
+
+    static LazyInitializingTest.ClassInfo createSampleClass(LazyInitializingTest.SampleData sampleData) {
+        try {
+            var lookup = LOOKUP.defineHiddenClassWithClassData(sampleClassBytes(), sampleData, false);
+            var vh = lookup.findStaticVarHandle(lookup.lookupClass(), "f", int.class);
+            return new LazyInitializingTest.ClassInfo(lookup, vh);
+        } catch (IllegalAccessException | NoSuchFieldException ex) {
+            throw new AssertionError(ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static byte[] sampleClassBytes;
+
+    private static byte[] sampleClassBytes() {
+        var bytes = sampleClassBytes;
+        if (bytes != null)
+            return bytes;
+
+        try (var in = StrictInitializingTest.class.getResourceAsStream("StrictInitializingSample.class")) {
+            if (in == null)
+                throw new AssertionError("class file not found");
+            return sampleClassBytes = in.readAllBytes();
+        } catch (IOException ex) {
+            throw new AssertionError(ex);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// This is used as a template class, whose bytes are used to define
+// hidden classes instead
+class StrictInitializingSample {
+    @StrictInit
+    static int f;
+
+    static {
+        try {
+            var data = MethodHandles.classData(MethodHandles.lookup(), ConstantDescs.DEFAULT_NAME,
+                    LazyInitializingTest.SampleData.class);
+            Objects.requireNonNull(data);
+
+            data.callback().run();
+            f = data.initialValue();
+        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
+            throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(e);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+final class StrictStaticFinalHolder {
+    @StrictInit
+    static final Object strictStaticFinal = 5;
+    static final Object trustedStaticFinal = new Object();
+
+    @StrictInit
+    final Object strictFinal;
+
+    StrictStaticFinalHolder(Object strictFinal) {
+        this.strictFinal = strictFinal;
+        super();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/Value.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/Value.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..25cc95bbb27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/Value.java
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+
+value class Value {
+    int v;
+    public Value(int v) {
+        this.v = v;
+    }
+
+    public static Value getInstance(int v) {
+        return new Value(v);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleBaseByteArrayTest.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleBaseByteArrayTest.java
index c89fcc8289b..c58403164da 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleBaseByteArrayTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleBaseByteArrayTest.java
@@ -192,6 +192,10 @@ static class VarHandleSourceAccessTestCase extends AccessTestCase<VarHandleSourc
         VarHandleSource get() {
             return vhs;
         }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return super.toString() + ", bs: " + bs + ", vhs: " + vhs;
+        }
     }
 
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleBaseTest.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleBaseTest.java
index 0e029b8f5f7..56fd57f5caa 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleBaseTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleBaseTest.java
@@ -433,6 +433,10 @@ static class VarHandleAccessTestCase extends AccessTestCase<VarHandle> {
         VarHandle get() {
             return vh;
         }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return super.toString() + ", vh:" + vh;
+        }
     }
 
     static class MethodHandleAccessTestCase extends AccessTestCase<Handles> {
@@ -453,6 +457,10 @@ static class MethodHandleAccessTestCase extends AccessTestCase<Handles> {
         Handles get() throws Exception {
             return new Handles(vh, f);
         }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return super.toString() + ", vh:" + vh + ", f: " + f;
+        }
     }
 
     static void testTypes(VarHandle vh) {
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessBoolean.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessBoolean.java
index 548e008b09e..4c7a1ba9029 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessBoolean.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessBoolean.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @run junit/othervm -Diters=10   -Xint                                                   VarHandleTestAccessBoolean
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessByte.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessByte.java
index 42c465af75e..3a26f75d6cc 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessByte.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessByte.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @run junit/othervm -Diters=10   -Xint                                                   VarHandleTestAccessByte
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessChar.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessChar.java
index e17e7616609..b6e54e3e858 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessChar.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessChar.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @run junit/othervm -Diters=10   -Xint                                                   VarHandleTestAccessChar
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessDouble.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessDouble.java
index 29fa6c2886d..6c4f76d0089 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessDouble.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessDouble.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @run junit/othervm -Diters=10   -Xint                                                   VarHandleTestAccessDouble
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessFloat.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessFloat.java
index 750a1bbc408..c9800f464d0 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessFloat.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessFloat.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @run junit/othervm -Diters=10   -Xint                                                   VarHandleTestAccessFloat
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessInt.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessInt.java
index 4748d699555..3f06311988e 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessInt.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessInt.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @run junit/othervm -Diters=10   -Xint                                                   VarHandleTestAccessInt
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessLong.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessLong.java
index 8bf997bb9a6..7ed1a14bdc8 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessLong.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessLong.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @run junit/othervm -Diters=10   -Xint                                                   VarHandleTestAccessLong
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessShort.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessShort.java
index 552672c7372..f3f5401584d 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessShort.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessShort.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @run junit/othervm -Diters=10   -Xint                                                   VarHandleTestAccessShort
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessString.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessString.java
index d1a746ba80e..76414562485 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessString.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessString.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @run junit/othervm -Diters=10   -Xint                                                   VarHandleTestAccessString
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessValue.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessValue.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a2aec4d3dbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestAccessValue.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1400 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run junit/othervm -Diters=10   -Xint                                                   VarHandleTestAccessValue
+ *
+ * @comment Set CompileThresholdScaling to 0.1 so that the warmup loop sets to 2000 iterations
+ *          to hit compilation thresholds
+ *
+ * @run junit/othervm -Diters=2000 -XX:CompileThresholdScaling=0.1 -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1 VarHandleTestAccessValue
+ * @run junit/othervm -Diters=2000 -XX:CompileThresholdScaling=0.1                         VarHandleTestAccessValue
+ * @run junit/othervm -Diters=2000 -XX:CompileThresholdScaling=0.1 -XX:-TieredCompilation  VarHandleTestAccessValue
+ */
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.VarHandle;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInstance;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+
+@TestInstance(TestInstance.Lifecycle.PER_CLASS)
+public class VarHandleTestAccessValue extends VarHandleBaseTest {
+    static final Value static_final_v = Value.getInstance(10);
+
+    static Value static_v;
+
+    final Value final_v = Value.getInstance(10);
+
+    Value v;
+
+    static final Value static_final_v2 = Value.getInstance(10);
+
+    static Value static_v2;
+
+    final Value final_v2 = Value.getInstance(10);
+
+    Value v2;
+
+    VarHandle vhFinalField;
+
+    VarHandle vhField;
+
+    VarHandle vhStaticField;
+
+    VarHandle vhStaticFinalField;
+
+    VarHandle vhArray;
+
+    VarHandle vhArrayObject;
+
+    VarHandle[] allocate(boolean same) {
+        List<VarHandle> vhs = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        String postfix = same ? "" : "2";
+        VarHandle vh;
+        try {
+            vh = MethodHandles.lookup().findVarHandle(
+                    VarHandleTestAccessValue.class, "final_v" + postfix, Value.class);
+            vhs.add(vh);
+
+            vh = MethodHandles.lookup().findVarHandle(
+                    VarHandleTestAccessValue.class, "v" + postfix, Value.class);
+            vhs.add(vh);
+
+            vh = MethodHandles.lookup().findStaticVarHandle(
+                VarHandleTestAccessValue.class, "static_final_v" + postfix, Value.class);
+            vhs.add(vh);
+
+            vh = MethodHandles.lookup().findStaticVarHandle(
+                VarHandleTestAccessValue.class, "static_v" + postfix, Value.class);
+            vhs.add(vh);
+
+            if (same) {
+                vh = MethodHandles.arrayElementVarHandle(Value[].class);
+            }
+            else {
+                vh = MethodHandles.arrayElementVarHandle(String[].class);
+            }
+            vhs.add(vh);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new InternalError(e);
+        }
+        return vhs.toArray(new VarHandle[0]);
+    }
+
+    @BeforeAll
+    public void setup() throws Exception {
+        vhFinalField = MethodHandles.lookup().findVarHandle(
+                VarHandleTestAccessValue.class, "final_v", Value.class);
+
+        vhField = MethodHandles.lookup().findVarHandle(
+                VarHandleTestAccessValue.class, "v", Value.class);
+
+        vhStaticFinalField = MethodHandles.lookup().findStaticVarHandle(
+            VarHandleTestAccessValue.class, "static_final_v", Value.class);
+
+        vhStaticField = MethodHandles.lookup().findStaticVarHandle(
+            VarHandleTestAccessValue.class, "static_v", Value.class);
+
+        vhArray = MethodHandles.arrayElementVarHandle(Value[].class);
+        vhArrayObject = MethodHandles.arrayElementVarHandle(Object[].class);
+    }
+
+    public Object[][] varHandlesProvider() throws Exception {
+        List<VarHandle> vhs = new ArrayList<>();
+        vhs.add(vhField);
+        vhs.add(vhStaticField);
+        vhs.add(vhArray);
+
+        return vhs.stream().map(tc -> new Object[]{tc}).toArray(Object[][]::new);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testEquals() {
+        VarHandle[] vhs1 = allocate(true);
+        VarHandle[] vhs2 = allocate(true);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < vhs1.length; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < vhs1.length; j++) {
+                if (i != j) {
+                    assertNotEquals(vhs1[i], vhs1[j]);
+                    assertNotEquals(vhs1[i], vhs2[j]);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        VarHandle[] vhs3 = allocate(false);
+        for (int i = 0; i < vhs1.length; i++) {
+            assertNotEquals(vhs1[i], vhs3[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("varHandlesProvider")
+    public void testIsAccessModeSupported(VarHandle vh) {
+        assertTrue(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET));
+        assertTrue(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.SET));
+        assertTrue(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_VOLATILE));
+        assertTrue(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.SET_VOLATILE));
+        assertTrue(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_ACQUIRE));
+        assertTrue(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.SET_RELEASE));
+        assertTrue(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_OPAQUE));
+        assertTrue(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.SET_OPAQUE));
+
+        assertTrue(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.COMPARE_AND_SET));
+        assertTrue(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE));
+        assertTrue(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE_ACQUIRE));
+        assertTrue(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE_RELEASE));
+        assertTrue(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_PLAIN));
+        assertTrue(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET));
+        assertTrue(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_ACQUIRE));
+        assertTrue(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_RELEASE));
+        assertTrue(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_SET));
+        assertTrue(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_SET_ACQUIRE));
+        assertTrue(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_SET_RELEASE));
+
+        assertFalse(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_ADD));
+        assertFalse(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_ADD_ACQUIRE));
+        assertFalse(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_ADD_RELEASE));
+
+        assertFalse(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_OR));
+        assertFalse(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_OR_ACQUIRE));
+        assertFalse(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_OR_RELEASE));
+        assertFalse(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_AND));
+        assertFalse(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_AND_ACQUIRE));
+        assertFalse(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_AND_RELEASE));
+        assertFalse(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_XOR));
+        assertFalse(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_XOR_ACQUIRE));
+        assertFalse(vh.isAccessModeSupported(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_XOR_RELEASE));
+    }
+
+    public Object[][] typesProvider() throws Exception {
+        List<Object[]> types = new ArrayList<>();
+        types.add(new Object[] {vhField, Arrays.asList(VarHandleTestAccessValue.class)});
+        types.add(new Object[] {vhStaticField, Arrays.asList()});
+        types.add(new Object[] {vhArray, Arrays.asList(Value[].class, int.class)});
+
+        return types.stream().toArray(Object[][]::new);
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("typesProvider")
+    public void testTypes(VarHandle vh, List<Class<?>> pts) {
+        assertEquals(Value.class, vh.varType());
+
+        assertEquals(pts, vh.coordinateTypes());
+
+        testTypes(vh);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testLookupInstanceToStatic() {
+        checkIAE("Lookup of static final field to instance final field", () -> {
+            MethodHandles.lookup().findStaticVarHandle(
+                    VarHandleTestAccessValue.class, "final_v", Value.class);
+        });
+
+        checkIAE("Lookup of static field to instance field", () -> {
+            MethodHandles.lookup().findStaticVarHandle(
+                    VarHandleTestAccessValue.class, "v", Value.class);
+        });
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testLookupStaticToInstance() {
+        checkIAE("Lookup of instance final field to static final field", () -> {
+            MethodHandles.lookup().findVarHandle(
+                VarHandleTestAccessValue.class, "static_final_v", Value.class);
+        });
+
+        checkIAE("Lookup of instance field to static field", () -> {
+            vhStaticField = MethodHandles.lookup().findVarHandle(
+                VarHandleTestAccessValue.class, "static_v", Value.class);
+        });
+    }
+
+    public Object[][] accessTestCaseProvider() throws Exception {
+        List<AccessTestCase<?>> cases = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        cases.add(new VarHandleAccessTestCase("Instance final field",
+                                              vhFinalField, vh -> testInstanceFinalField(this, vh)));
+        cases.add(new VarHandleAccessTestCase("Instance final field unsupported",
+                                              vhFinalField, vh -> testInstanceFinalFieldUnsupported(this, vh),
+                                              false));
+
+        cases.add(new VarHandleAccessTestCase("Static final field",
+                                              vhStaticFinalField, VarHandleTestAccessValue::testStaticFinalField));
+        cases.add(new VarHandleAccessTestCase("Static final field unsupported",
+                                              vhStaticFinalField, VarHandleTestAccessValue::testStaticFinalFieldUnsupported,
+                                              false));
+
+        cases.add(new VarHandleAccessTestCase("Instance field",
+                                              vhField, vh -> testInstanceField(this, vh)));
+        cases.add(new VarHandleAccessTestCase("Instance field unsupported",
+                                              vhField, vh -> testInstanceFieldUnsupported(this, vh),
+                                              false));
+
+        cases.add(new VarHandleAccessTestCase("Static field",
+                                              vhStaticField, VarHandleTestAccessValue::testStaticField));
+        cases.add(new VarHandleAccessTestCase("Static field unsupported",
+                                              vhStaticField, VarHandleTestAccessValue::testStaticFieldUnsupported,
+                                              false));
+
+        cases.add(new VarHandleAccessTestCase("Array",
+                                              vhArray, VarHandleTestAccessValue::testArray));
+        cases.add(new VarHandleAccessTestCase("Array Object[]",
+                                              vhArrayObject, VarHandleTestAccessValue::testArray));
+        cases.add(new VarHandleAccessTestCase("Array unsupported",
+                                              vhArray, VarHandleTestAccessValue::testArrayUnsupported,
+                                              false));
+        cases.add(new VarHandleAccessTestCase("Array index out of bounds",
+                                              vhArray, VarHandleTestAccessValue::testArrayIndexOutOfBounds,
+                                              false));
+        cases.add(new VarHandleAccessTestCase("Array store exception",
+                                              vhArrayObject, VarHandleTestAccessValue::testArrayStoreException,
+                                              false));
+        // Work around issue with jtreg summary reporting which truncates
+        // the String result of Object.toString to 30 characters, hence
+        // the first dummy argument
+        return cases.stream().map(tc -> new Object[]{tc.toString(), tc}).toArray(Object[][]::new);
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("accessTestCaseProvider")
+    public <T> void testAccess(String desc, AccessTestCase<T> atc) throws Throwable {
+        T t = atc.get();
+        int iters = atc.requiresLoop() ? ITERS : 1;
+        for (int c = 0; c < iters; c++) {
+            atc.testAccess(t);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testInstanceFinalField(VarHandleTestAccessValue recv, VarHandle vh) {
+        // Plain
+        {
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "get Value value");
+        }
+
+
+        // Volatile
+        {
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getVolatile(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "getVolatile Value value");
+        }
+
+        // Lazy
+        {
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAcquire(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "getRelease Value value");
+        }
+
+        // Opaque
+        {
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getOpaque(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "getOpaque Value value");
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testInstanceFinalFieldUnsupported(VarHandleTestAccessValue recv, VarHandle vh) {
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            vh.set(recv, Value.getInstance(20));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            vh.setVolatile(recv, Value.getInstance(20));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            vh.setRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(20));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            vh.setOpaque(recv, Value.getInstance(20));
+        });
+
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndAdd(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndAddAcquire(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndAddRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseOr(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseOrAcquire(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseOrRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseAnd(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseAndAcquire(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseAndRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseXor(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseXorAcquire(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseXorRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+    }
+
+
+    static void testStaticFinalField(VarHandle vh) {
+        // Plain
+        {
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "get Value value");
+        }
+
+
+        // Volatile
+        {
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getVolatile();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "getVolatile Value value");
+        }
+
+        // Lazy
+        {
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAcquire();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "getRelease Value value");
+        }
+
+        // Opaque
+        {
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getOpaque();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "getOpaque Value value");
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testStaticFinalFieldUnsupported(VarHandle vh) {
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            vh.set(Value.getInstance(20));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            vh.setVolatile(Value.getInstance(20));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            vh.setRelease(Value.getInstance(20));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            vh.setOpaque(Value.getInstance(20));
+        });
+
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndAdd(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndAddAcquire(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndAddRelease(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseOr(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseOrAcquire(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseOrRelease(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseAnd(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseAndAcquire(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseAndRelease(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseXor(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseXorAcquire(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseXorRelease(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+    }
+
+
+    static void testInstanceField(VarHandleTestAccessValue recv, VarHandle vh) {
+        // Plain
+        {
+            vh.set(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "set Value value");
+        }
+
+
+        // Volatile
+        {
+            vh.setVolatile(recv, Value.getInstance(20));
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getVolatile(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "setVolatile Value value");
+        }
+
+        // Lazy
+        {
+            vh.setRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAcquire(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "setRelease Value value");
+        }
+
+        // Opaque
+        {
+            vh.setOpaque(recv, Value.getInstance(20));
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getOpaque(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "setOpaque Value value");
+        }
+
+        vh.set(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+
+        // Compare
+        {
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+            assertEquals(r, true, "success compareAndSet Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success compareAndSet Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(r, false, "failing compareAndSet Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing compareAndSet Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(recv, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(20), "success compareAndExchange Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success compareAndExchange Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(recv, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(10), "failing compareAndExchange Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing compareAndExchange Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(10), "success compareAndExchangeAcquire Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success compareAndExchangeAcquire Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(20), "failing compareAndExchangeAcquire Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing compareAndExchangeAcquire Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(20), "success compareAndExchangeRelease Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success compareAndExchangeRelease Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(10), "failing compareAndExchangeRelease Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing compareAndExchangeRelease Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = false;
+            for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                success = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+                if (!success) weakDelay();
+            }
+            assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSetPlain Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success weakCompareAndSetPlain Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSetPlain Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing weakCompareAndSetPlain Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = false;
+            for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                success = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(recv, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+                if (!success) weakDelay();
+            }
+            assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(recv, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = false;
+            for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                success = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+                if (!success) weakDelay();
+            }
+            assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSetRelease Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success weakCompareAndSetRelease Value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSetRelease Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing weakCompareAndSetRelease Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = false;
+            for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                success = vh.weakCompareAndSet(recv, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+                if (!success) weakDelay();
+            }
+            assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSet Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success weakCompareAndSet Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = vh.weakCompareAndSet(recv, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSet Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing weakCompareAndSet Value value");
+        }
+
+        // Compare set and get
+        {
+            vh.set(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndSet(recv, Value.getInstance(20));
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), o, "getAndSet Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "getAndSet Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            vh.set(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndSetAcquire(recv, Value.getInstance(20));
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), o, "getAndSetAcquire Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "getAndSetAcquire Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            vh.set(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndSetRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(20));
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), o, "getAndSetRelease Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "getAndSetRelease Value value");
+        }
+
+
+    }
+
+    static void testInstanceFieldUnsupported(VarHandleTestAccessValue recv, VarHandle vh) {
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndAdd(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndAddAcquire(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndAddRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseOr(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseOrAcquire(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseOrRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseAnd(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseAndAcquire(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseAndRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseXor(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseXorAcquire(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseXorRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+    }
+
+
+    static void testStaticField(VarHandle vh) {
+        // Plain
+        {
+            vh.set(Value.getInstance(10));
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "set Value value");
+        }
+
+
+        // Volatile
+        {
+            vh.setVolatile(Value.getInstance(20));
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getVolatile();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "setVolatile Value value");
+        }
+
+        // Lazy
+        {
+            vh.setRelease(Value.getInstance(10));
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAcquire();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "setRelease Value value");
+        }
+
+        // Opaque
+        {
+            vh.setOpaque(Value.getInstance(20));
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getOpaque();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "setOpaque Value value");
+        }
+
+        vh.set(Value.getInstance(10));
+
+        // Compare
+        {
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+            assertEquals(r, true, "success compareAndSet Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success compareAndSet Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(r, false, "failing compareAndSet Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing compareAndSet Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(20), "success compareAndExchange Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success compareAndExchange Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(10), "failing compareAndExchange Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing compareAndExchange Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(10), "success compareAndExchangeAcquire Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success compareAndExchangeAcquire Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(20), "failing compareAndExchangeAcquire Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing compareAndExchangeAcquire Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(20), "success compareAndExchangeRelease Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success compareAndExchangeRelease Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(10), "failing compareAndExchangeRelease Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing compareAndExchangeRelease Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = false;
+            for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                success = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+                if (!success) weakDelay();
+            }
+            assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSetPlain Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success weakCompareAndSetPlain Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSetPlain Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing weakCompareAndSetPlain Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = false;
+            for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                success = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+                if (!success) weakDelay();
+            }
+            assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = false;
+            for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                success = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+                if (!success) weakDelay();
+            }
+            assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSetRelease Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success weakCompareAndSetRelease Value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSetRelease Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing weakCompareAndSetRelease Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = false;
+            for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                success = vh.weakCompareAndSet(Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+                if (!success) weakDelay();
+            }
+            assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSet Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success weakCompareAndSet Value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = vh.weakCompareAndSet(Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSet Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing weakCompareAndSet Value value");
+        }
+
+        // Compare set and get
+        {
+            vh.set(Value.getInstance(10));
+
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndSet(Value.getInstance(20));
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), o, "getAndSet Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "getAndSet Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            vh.set(Value.getInstance(10));
+
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndSetAcquire(Value.getInstance(20));
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), o, "getAndSetAcquire Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "getAndSetAcquire Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            vh.set(Value.getInstance(10));
+
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndSetRelease(Value.getInstance(20));
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), o, "getAndSetRelease Value");
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "getAndSetRelease Value value");
+        }
+
+
+    }
+
+    static void testStaticFieldUnsupported(VarHandle vh) {
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndAdd(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndAddAcquire(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndAddRelease(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseOr(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseOrAcquire(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseOrRelease(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseAnd(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseAndAcquire(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseAndRelease(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseXor(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseXorAcquire(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseXorRelease(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+    }
+
+
+    static void testArray(VarHandle vh) {
+        Value[] array = new Value[10];
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
+            // Plain
+            {
+                vh.set(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+                Value x = (Value) vh.get(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "get Value value");
+            }
+
+
+            // Volatile
+            {
+                vh.setVolatile(array, i, Value.getInstance(20));
+                Value x = (Value) vh.getVolatile(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "setVolatile Value value");
+            }
+
+            // Lazy
+            {
+                vh.setRelease(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+                Value x = (Value) vh.getAcquire(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "setRelease Value value");
+            }
+
+            // Opaque
+            {
+                vh.setOpaque(array, i, Value.getInstance(20));
+                Value x = (Value) vh.getOpaque(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "setOpaque Value value");
+            }
+
+            vh.set(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+
+            // Compare
+            {
+                boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(array, i, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+                assertEquals(r, true, "success compareAndSet Value");
+                Value x = (Value) vh.get(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success compareAndSet Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(array, i, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+                assertEquals(r, false, "failing compareAndSet Value");
+                Value x = (Value) vh.get(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing compareAndSet Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                Value r = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(array, i, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+                assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(20), "success compareAndExchange Value");
+                Value x = (Value) vh.get(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success compareAndExchange Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                Value r = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(array, i, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+                assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(10), "failing compareAndExchange Value");
+                Value x = (Value) vh.get(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing compareAndExchange Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                Value r = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(array, i, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+                assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(10), "success compareAndExchangeAcquire Value");
+                Value x = (Value) vh.get(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success compareAndExchangeAcquire Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                Value r = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(array, i, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+                assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(20), "failing compareAndExchangeAcquire Value");
+                Value x = (Value) vh.get(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing compareAndExchangeAcquire Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                Value r = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(array, i, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+                assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(20), "success compareAndExchangeRelease Value");
+                Value x = (Value) vh.get(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success compareAndExchangeRelease Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                Value r = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(array, i, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+                assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(10), "failing compareAndExchangeRelease Value");
+                Value x = (Value) vh.get(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing compareAndExchangeRelease Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                boolean success = false;
+                for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                    success = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(array, i, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+                    if (!success) weakDelay();
+                }
+                assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSetPlain Value");
+                Value x = (Value) vh.get(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success weakCompareAndSetPlain Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                boolean success = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(array, i, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+                assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSetPlain Value");
+                Value x = (Value) vh.get(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing weakCompareAndSetPlain Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                boolean success = false;
+                for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                    success = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(array, i, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+                    if (!success) weakDelay();
+                }
+                assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value");
+                Value x = (Value) vh.get(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                boolean success = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(array, i, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+                assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value");
+                Value x = (Value) vh.get(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                boolean success = false;
+                for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                    success = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(array, i, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+                    if (!success) weakDelay();
+                }
+                assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSetRelease Value");
+                Value x = (Value) vh.get(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success weakCompareAndSetRelease Value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                boolean success = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(array, i, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+                assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSetRelease Value");
+                Value x = (Value) vh.get(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing weakCompareAndSetRelease Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                boolean success = false;
+                for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                    success = vh.weakCompareAndSet(array, i, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+                    if (!success) weakDelay();
+                }
+                assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSet Value");
+                Value x = (Value) vh.get(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success weakCompareAndSet Value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                boolean success = vh.weakCompareAndSet(array, i, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+                assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSet Value");
+                Value x = (Value) vh.get(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing weakCompareAndSet Value value");
+            }
+
+            // Compare set and get
+            {
+                vh.set(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+
+                Value o = (Value) vh.getAndSet(array, i, Value.getInstance(20));
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), o, "getAndSet Value");
+                Value x = (Value) vh.get(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "getAndSet Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                vh.set(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+
+                Value o = (Value) vh.getAndSetAcquire(array, i, Value.getInstance(20));
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), o, "getAndSetAcquire Value");
+                Value x = (Value) vh.get(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "getAndSetAcquire Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                vh.set(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+
+                Value o = (Value) vh.getAndSetRelease(array, i, Value.getInstance(20));
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), o, "getAndSetRelease Value");
+                Value x = (Value) vh.get(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "getAndSetRelease Value value");
+            }
+
+
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testArrayUnsupported(VarHandle vh) {
+        Value[] array = new Value[10];
+
+        int i = 0;
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndAdd(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndAddAcquire(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndAddRelease(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseOr(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseOrAcquire(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseOrRelease(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseAnd(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseAndAcquire(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseAndRelease(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseXor(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseXorAcquire(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+
+        checkUOE(() -> {
+            Value o = (Value) vh.getAndBitwiseXorRelease(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+    }
+
+    static void testArrayIndexOutOfBounds(VarHandle vh) throws Throwable {
+        Value[] array = new Value[10];
+
+        for (int i : new int[]{-1, Integer.MIN_VALUE, 10, 11, Integer.MAX_VALUE}) {
+            final int ci = i;
+
+            checkAIOOBE(() -> {
+                Value x = (Value) vh.get(array, ci);
+            });
+
+            checkAIOOBE(() -> {
+                vh.set(array, ci, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+
+            checkAIOOBE(() -> {
+                Value x = (Value) vh.getVolatile(array, ci);
+            });
+
+            checkAIOOBE(() -> {
+                vh.setVolatile(array, ci, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+
+            checkAIOOBE(() -> {
+                Value x = (Value) vh.getAcquire(array, ci);
+            });
+
+            checkAIOOBE(() -> {
+                vh.setRelease(array, ci, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+
+            checkAIOOBE(() -> {
+                Value x = (Value) vh.getOpaque(array, ci);
+            });
+
+            checkAIOOBE(() -> {
+                vh.setOpaque(array, ci, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+
+            checkAIOOBE(() -> {
+                boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(array, ci, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+            });
+
+            checkAIOOBE(() -> {
+                Value r = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(array, ci, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+
+            checkAIOOBE(() -> {
+                Value r = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(array, ci, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+
+            checkAIOOBE(() -> {
+                Value r = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(array, ci, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+
+            checkAIOOBE(() -> {
+                boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(array, ci, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+            });
+
+            checkAIOOBE(() -> {
+                boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(array, ci, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+            });
+
+            checkAIOOBE(() -> {
+                boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(array, ci, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+            });
+
+            checkAIOOBE(() -> {
+                boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(array, ci, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+            });
+
+            checkAIOOBE(() -> {
+                Value o = (Value) vh.getAndSet(array, ci, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+
+            checkAIOOBE(() -> {
+                Value o = (Value) vh.getAndSetAcquire(array, ci, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+
+            checkAIOOBE(() -> {
+                Value o = (Value) vh.getAndSetRelease(array, ci, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+
+
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testArrayStoreException(VarHandle vh) throws Throwable {
+        Object[] array = new Value[10];
+        Arrays.fill(array, Value.getInstance(10));
+        Object value = new Object();
+
+        // Set
+        checkASE(() -> {
+            vh.set(array, 0, value);
+        });
+
+        // SetVolatile
+        checkASE(() -> {
+            vh.setVolatile(array, 0, value);
+        });
+
+        // SetOpaque
+        checkASE(() -> {
+            vh.setOpaque(array, 0, value);
+        });
+
+        // SetRelease
+        checkASE(() -> {
+            vh.setRelease(array, 0, value);
+        });
+
+        // CompareAndSet
+        checkASE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), value);
+        });
+
+        // WeakCompareAndSet
+        checkASE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), value);
+        });
+
+        // WeakCompareAndSetVolatile
+        checkASE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), value);
+        });
+
+        // WeakCompareAndSetAcquire
+        checkASE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), value);
+        });
+
+        // WeakCompareAndSetRelease
+        checkASE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), value);
+        });
+
+        // CompareAndExchange
+        checkASE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), value);
+        });
+
+        // CompareAndExchangeAcquire
+        checkASE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), value);
+        });
+
+        // CompareAndExchangeRelease
+        checkASE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), value);
+        });
+
+        // GetAndSet
+        checkASE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSet(array, 0, value);
+        });
+
+        // GetAndSetAcquire
+        checkASE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetAcquire(array, 0, value);
+        });
+
+        // GetAndSetRelease
+        checkASE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetRelease(array, 0, value);
+        });
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessBoolean.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessBoolean.java
index 6540693a906..5c1eba506e9 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessBoolean.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessBoolean.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @comment Set CompileThresholdScaling to 0.1 so that the warmup loop sets to 2000 iterations
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessByte.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessByte.java
index 6f7f54a57f5..cd54a8e16d5 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessByte.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessByte.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @comment Set CompileThresholdScaling to 0.1 so that the warmup loop sets to 2000 iterations
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessChar.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessChar.java
index 3e31ee282ff..e67de6cf7a4 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessChar.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessChar.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @comment Set CompileThresholdScaling to 0.1 so that the warmup loop sets to 2000 iterations
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessDouble.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessDouble.java
index 056d45478ed..d944c4316c2 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessDouble.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessDouble.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @comment Set CompileThresholdScaling to 0.1 so that the warmup loop sets to 2000 iterations
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessFloat.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessFloat.java
index 98eb72301cb..2b1beed2c01 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessFloat.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessFloat.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @comment Set CompileThresholdScaling to 0.1 so that the warmup loop sets to 2000 iterations
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessInt.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessInt.java
index 920d8453bab..5dc48bc22f9 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessInt.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessInt.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @comment Set CompileThresholdScaling to 0.1 so that the warmup loop sets to 2000 iterations
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessLong.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessLong.java
index 90f6dd12c47..0950470c879 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessLong.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessLong.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @comment Set CompileThresholdScaling to 0.1 so that the warmup loop sets to 2000 iterations
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessShort.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessShort.java
index d8f548fe2d6..337367d8147 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessShort.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessShort.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @comment Set CompileThresholdScaling to 0.1 so that the warmup loop sets to 2000 iterations
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessString.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessString.java
index 35723f63d27..13245291af9 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessString.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessString.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @comment Set CompileThresholdScaling to 0.1 so that the warmup loop sets to 2000 iterations
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessValue.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessValue.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..64cf0326d5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessValue.java
@@ -0,0 +1,791 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @comment Set CompileThresholdScaling to 0.1 so that the warmup loop sets to 2000 iterations
+ *          to hit compilation thresholds
+ * @run junit/othervm -Diters=2000 -XX:CompileThresholdScaling=0.1 VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessValue
+ */
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.VarHandle;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInstance;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+
+@TestInstance(TestInstance.Lifecycle.PER_CLASS)
+public class VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessValue extends VarHandleBaseTest {
+    static final Value static_final_v = Value.getInstance(10);
+
+    static Value static_v;
+
+    final Value final_v = Value.getInstance(10);
+
+    Value v;
+
+    VarHandle vhFinalField;
+
+    VarHandle vhField;
+
+    VarHandle vhStaticField;
+
+    VarHandle vhStaticFinalField;
+
+    VarHandle vhArray;
+
+    @BeforeAll
+    public void setup() throws Exception {
+        vhFinalField = MethodHandles.lookup().findVarHandle(
+                VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessValue.class, "final_v", Value.class);
+
+        vhField = MethodHandles.lookup().findVarHandle(
+                VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessValue.class, "v", Value.class);
+
+        vhStaticFinalField = MethodHandles.lookup().findStaticVarHandle(
+            VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessValue.class, "static_final_v", Value.class);
+
+        vhStaticField = MethodHandles.lookup().findStaticVarHandle(
+            VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessValue.class, "static_v", Value.class);
+
+        vhArray = MethodHandles.arrayElementVarHandle(Value[].class);
+    }
+
+    public Object[][] accessTestCaseProvider() throws Exception {
+        List<AccessTestCase<?>> cases = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        for (VarHandleToMethodHandle f : VarHandleToMethodHandle.values()) {
+            cases.add(new MethodHandleAccessTestCase("Instance field",
+                                                     vhField, f, hs -> testInstanceField(this, hs)));
+            cases.add(new MethodHandleAccessTestCase("Instance field unsupported",
+                                                     vhField, f, hs -> testInstanceFieldUnsupported(this, hs),
+                                                     false));
+
+            cases.add(new MethodHandleAccessTestCase("Static field",
+                                                     vhStaticField, f, VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessValue::testStaticField));
+            cases.add(new MethodHandleAccessTestCase("Static field unsupported",
+                                                     vhStaticField, f, VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessValue::testStaticFieldUnsupported,
+                                                     false));
+
+            cases.add(new MethodHandleAccessTestCase("Array",
+                                                     vhArray, f, VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessValue::testArray));
+            cases.add(new MethodHandleAccessTestCase("Array unsupported",
+                                                     vhArray, f, VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessValue::testArrayUnsupported,
+                                                     false));
+            cases.add(new MethodHandleAccessTestCase("Array index out of bounds",
+                                                     vhArray, f, VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessValue::testArrayIndexOutOfBounds,
+                                                     false));
+        }
+
+        // Work around issue with jtreg summary reporting which truncates
+        // the String result of Object.toString to 30 characters, hence
+        // the first dummy argument
+        return cases.stream().map(tc -> new Object[]{tc.toString(), tc}).toArray(Object[][]::new);
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("accessTestCaseProvider")
+    public <T> void testAccess(String desc, AccessTestCase<T> atc) throws Throwable {
+        T t = atc.get();
+        int iters = atc.requiresLoop() ? ITERS : 1;
+        for (int c = 0; c < iters; c++) {
+            atc.testAccess(t);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testInstanceField(VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessValue recv, Handles hs) throws Throwable {
+        // Plain
+        {
+            hs.get(TestAccessMode.SET).invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "set Value value");
+        }
+
+
+        // Volatile
+        {
+            hs.get(TestAccessMode.SET_VOLATILE).invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(20));
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET_VOLATILE).invokeExact(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "setVolatile Value value");
+        }
+
+        // Lazy
+        {
+            hs.get(TestAccessMode.SET_RELEASE).invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET_ACQUIRE).invokeExact(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "setRelease Value value");
+        }
+
+        // Opaque
+        {
+            hs.get(TestAccessMode.SET_OPAQUE).invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(20));
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET_OPAQUE).invokeExact(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "setOpaque Value value");
+        }
+
+        hs.get(TestAccessMode.SET).invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+
+        // Compare
+        {
+            boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_SET).invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+            assertEquals(r, true, "success compareAndSet Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success compareAndSet Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_SET).invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(r, false, "failing compareAndSet Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing compareAndSet Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE).invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(20), "success compareAndExchange Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success compareAndExchange Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE).invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(10), "failing compareAndExchange Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing compareAndExchange Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE_ACQUIRE).invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(10), "success compareAndExchangeAcquire Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success compareAndExchangeAcquire Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE_ACQUIRE).invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(20), "failing compareAndExchangeAcquire Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing compareAndExchangeAcquire Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE_RELEASE).invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(20), "success compareAndExchangeRelease Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success compareAndExchangeRelease Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE_RELEASE).invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(10), "failing compareAndExchangeRelease Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing compareAndExchangeRelease Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            MethodHandle mh = hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_PLAIN);
+            boolean success = false;
+            for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                success = (boolean) mh.invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+                if (!success) weakDelay();
+            }
+            assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSetPlain Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success weakCompareAndSetPlain Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = (boolean) hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_PLAIN).invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSetPlain Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing weakCompareAndSetPlain Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            MethodHandle mh = hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_ACQUIRE);
+            boolean success = false;
+            for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                success = (boolean) mh.invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+                if (!success) weakDelay();
+            }
+            assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = (boolean) hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_ACQUIRE).invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            MethodHandle mh = hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_RELEASE);
+            boolean success = false;
+            for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                success = (boolean) mh.invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+                if (!success) weakDelay();
+            }
+            assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSetRelease Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success weakCompareAndSetRelease Value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = (boolean) hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_RELEASE).invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSetRelease Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing weakCompareAndSetRelease Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = false;
+            MethodHandle mh = hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET);
+            for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                success = (boolean) mh.invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+                if (!success) weakDelay();
+            }
+            assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSet Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success weakCompareAndSet Value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = (boolean) hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET).invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSet Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing weakCompareAndSet Value value");
+        }
+
+        // Compare set and get
+        {
+            Value o = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET_AND_SET).invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(20));
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), o, "getAndSet Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(recv);
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "getAndSet Value value");
+        }
+
+
+    }
+
+    static void testInstanceFieldUnsupported(VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccessValue recv, Handles hs) throws Throwable {
+
+        for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.GET_AND_ADD)) {
+            checkUOE(am, () -> {
+                Value r = (Value) hs.get(am).invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+        }
+
+        for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.GET_AND_BITWISE)) {
+            checkUOE(am, () -> {
+                Value r = (Value) hs.get(am).invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    static void testStaticField(Handles hs) throws Throwable {
+        // Plain
+        {
+            hs.get(TestAccessMode.SET).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10));
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "set Value value");
+        }
+
+
+        // Volatile
+        {
+            hs.get(TestAccessMode.SET_VOLATILE).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(20));
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET_VOLATILE).invokeExact();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "setVolatile Value value");
+        }
+
+        // Lazy
+        {
+            hs.get(TestAccessMode.SET_RELEASE).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10));
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET_ACQUIRE).invokeExact();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "setRelease Value value");
+        }
+
+        // Opaque
+        {
+            hs.get(TestAccessMode.SET_OPAQUE).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(20));
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET_OPAQUE).invokeExact();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "setOpaque Value value");
+        }
+
+        hs.get(TestAccessMode.SET).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10));
+
+        // Compare
+        {
+            boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_SET).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+            assertEquals(r, true, "success compareAndSet Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success compareAndSet Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_SET).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(r, false, "failing compareAndSet Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing compareAndSet Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(20), "success compareAndExchange Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success compareAndExchange Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(10), "failing compareAndExchange Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing compareAndExchange Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE_ACQUIRE).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(10), "success compareAndExchangeAcquire Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success compareAndExchangeAcquire Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE_ACQUIRE).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(20), "failing compareAndExchangeAcquire Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing compareAndExchangeAcquire Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE_RELEASE).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(20), "success compareAndExchangeRelease Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success compareAndExchangeRelease Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            Value r = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE_RELEASE).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(10), "failing compareAndExchangeRelease Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing compareAndExchangeRelease Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            MethodHandle mh = hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_PLAIN);
+            boolean success = false;
+            for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                success = (boolean) mh.invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+                if (!success) weakDelay();
+            }
+            assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSetPlain Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success weakCompareAndSetPlain Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = (boolean) hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_PLAIN).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSetPlain Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing weakCompareAndSetPlain Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            MethodHandle mh = hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_ACQUIRE);
+            boolean success = false;
+            for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                success = (boolean) mh.invokeExact(Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+                if (!success) weakDelay();
+            }
+            assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            MethodHandle mh = hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_ACQUIRE);
+            boolean success = (boolean) mh.invokeExact(Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            MethodHandle mh = hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_RELEASE);
+            boolean success = false;
+            for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                success = (boolean) mh.invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+                if (!success) weakDelay();
+            }
+            assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSetRelease Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success weakCompareAndSetRelease Value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = (boolean) hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_RELEASE).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSetRelease Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing weakCompareAndSetRelease Value value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            MethodHandle mh = hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET);
+            boolean success = false;
+            for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                success = (boolean) mh.invokeExact(Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+                if (!success) weakDelay();
+            }
+            assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSet Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success weakCompareAndSet Value");
+        }
+
+        {
+            boolean success = (boolean) hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+            assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSet Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing weakCompareAndSetRe Value value");
+        }
+
+        // Compare set and get
+        {
+            hs.get(TestAccessMode.SET).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10));
+
+            Value o = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET_AND_SET).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(20));
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), o, "getAndSet Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "getAndSet Value value");
+        }
+
+        // Compare set and get
+        {
+            hs.get(TestAccessMode.SET).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10));
+
+            Value o = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET_AND_SET_ACQUIRE).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(20));
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), o, "getAndSetAcquire Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "getAndSetAcquire Value value");
+        }
+
+        // Compare set and get
+        {
+            hs.get(TestAccessMode.SET).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10));
+
+            Value o = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET_AND_SET_RELEASE).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(20));
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), o, "getAndSetRelease Value");
+            Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact();
+            assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "getAndSetRelease Value value");
+        }
+
+
+    }
+
+    static void testStaticFieldUnsupported(Handles hs) throws Throwable {
+
+        for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.GET_AND_ADD)) {
+            checkUOE(am, () -> {
+                Value r = (Value) hs.get(am).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+        }
+
+        for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.GET_AND_BITWISE)) {
+            checkUOE(am, () -> {
+                Value r = (Value) hs.get(am).invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    static void testArray(Handles hs) throws Throwable {
+        Value[] array = new Value[10];
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
+            // Plain
+            {
+                hs.get(TestAccessMode.SET).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "get Value value");
+            }
+
+
+            // Volatile
+            {
+                hs.get(TestAccessMode.SET_VOLATILE).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(20));
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET_VOLATILE).invokeExact(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "setVolatile Value value");
+            }
+
+            // Lazy
+            {
+                hs.get(TestAccessMode.SET_RELEASE).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET_ACQUIRE).invokeExact(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "setRelease Value value");
+            }
+
+            // Opaque
+            {
+                hs.get(TestAccessMode.SET_OPAQUE).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(20));
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET_OPAQUE).invokeExact(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "setOpaque Value value");
+            }
+
+            hs.get(TestAccessMode.SET).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+
+            // Compare
+            {
+                boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_SET).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+                assertEquals(r, true, "success compareAndSet Value");
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success compareAndSet Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_SET).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+                assertEquals(r, false, "failing compareAndSet Value");
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing compareAndSet Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                Value r = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+                assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(20), "success compareAndExchange Value");
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success compareAndExchange Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                Value r = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+                assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(10), "failing compareAndExchange Value");
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing compareAndExchange Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                Value r = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE_ACQUIRE).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+                assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(10), "success compareAndExchangeAcquire Value");
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success compareAndExchangeAcquire Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                Value r = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE_ACQUIRE).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+                assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(20), "failing compareAndExchangeAcquire Value");
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing compareAndExchangeAcquire Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                Value r = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE_RELEASE).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+                assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(20), "success compareAndExchangeRelease Value");
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success compareAndExchangeRelease Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                Value r = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE_RELEASE).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+                assertEquals(r, Value.getInstance(10), "failing compareAndExchangeRelease Value");
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing compareAndExchangeRelease Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                MethodHandle mh = hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_PLAIN);
+                boolean success = false;
+                for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                    success = (boolean) mh.invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+                    if (!success) weakDelay();
+                }
+                assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSetPlain Value");
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success weakCompareAndSetPlain Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                boolean success = (boolean) hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_PLAIN).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+                assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSetPlain Value");
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing weakCompareAndSetPlain Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                MethodHandle mh = hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_ACQUIRE);
+                boolean success = false;
+                for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                    success = (boolean) mh.invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+                    if (!success) weakDelay();
+                }
+                assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value");
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                boolean success = (boolean) hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_ACQUIRE).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+                assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value");
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                MethodHandle mh = hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_RELEASE);
+                boolean success = false;
+                for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                    success = (boolean) mh.invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+                    if (!success) weakDelay();
+                }
+                assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSetRelease Value");
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "success weakCompareAndSetRelease Value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                boolean success = (boolean) hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_ACQUIRE).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(30));
+                assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value");
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "failing weakCompareAndSetAcquire Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                MethodHandle mh = hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET);
+                boolean success = false;
+                for (int c = 0; c < WEAK_ATTEMPTS && !success; c++) {
+                    success = (boolean) mh.invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+                    if (!success) weakDelay();
+                }
+                assertEquals(success, true, "success weakCompareAndSet Value");
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "success weakCompareAndSet Value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                boolean success = (boolean) hs.get(TestAccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(30));
+                assertEquals(success, false, "failing weakCompareAndSet Value");
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), x, "failing weakCompareAndSet Value value");
+            }
+
+            // Compare set and get
+            {
+                hs.get(TestAccessMode.SET).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+
+                Value o = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET_AND_SET).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(20));
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), o, "getAndSet Value");
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "getAndSet Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                hs.get(TestAccessMode.SET).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+
+                Value o = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET_AND_SET_ACQUIRE).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(20));
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), o, "getAndSetAcquire Value");
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "getAndSetAcquire Value value");
+            }
+
+            {
+                hs.get(TestAccessMode.SET).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+
+                Value o = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET_AND_SET_RELEASE).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(20));
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(10), o, "getAndSetRelease Value");
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(TestAccessMode.GET).invokeExact(array, i);
+                assertEquals(Value.getInstance(20), x, "getAndSetRelease Value value");
+            }
+
+
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testArrayUnsupported(Handles hs) throws Throwable {
+        Value[] array = new Value[10];
+
+        final int i = 0;
+
+        for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.GET_AND_ADD)) {
+            checkUOE(am, () -> {
+                Value o = (Value) hs.get(am).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+        }
+
+        for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.GET_AND_BITWISE)) {
+            checkUOE(am, () -> {
+                Value o = (Value) hs.get(am).invokeExact(array, i, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testArrayIndexOutOfBounds(Handles hs) throws Throwable {
+        Value[] array = new Value[10];
+
+        for (int i : new int[]{-1, Integer.MIN_VALUE, 10, 11, Integer.MAX_VALUE}) {
+            final int ci = i;
+
+            for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.GET)) {
+                checkAIOOBE(am, () -> {
+                    Value x = (Value) hs.get(am).invokeExact(array, ci);
+                });
+            }
+
+            for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.SET)) {
+                checkAIOOBE(am, () -> {
+                    hs.get(am).invokeExact(array, ci, Value.getInstance(10));
+                });
+            }
+
+            for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.COMPARE_AND_SET)) {
+                checkAIOOBE(am, () -> {
+                    boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am).invokeExact(array, ci, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(20));
+                });
+            }
+
+            for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE)) {
+                checkAIOOBE(am, () -> {
+                    Value r = (Value) hs.get(am).invokeExact(array, ci, Value.getInstance(20), Value.getInstance(10));
+                });
+            }
+
+            for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.GET_AND_SET)) {
+                checkAIOOBE(am, () -> {
+                    Value o = (Value) hs.get(am).invokeExact(array, ci, Value.getInstance(10));
+                });
+            }
+
+
+        }
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeBoolean.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeBoolean.java
index b10466a1fc7..a413029d87d 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeBoolean.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeBoolean.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8156486
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeByte.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeByte.java
index ce8686ebd74..40ce205ecb7 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeByte.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeByte.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8156486
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeChar.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeChar.java
index d89af7f212c..eb4d91692fd 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeChar.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeChar.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8156486
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeDouble.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeDouble.java
index 0363a996ceb..c6687ce08c3 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeDouble.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeDouble.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8156486
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeFloat.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeFloat.java
index c8b965e41df..35f0601a9ee 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeFloat.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeFloat.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8156486
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeInt.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeInt.java
index e09427c55c7..28e3be31582 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeInt.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeInt.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8156486
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeLong.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeLong.java
index 5944e935877..69c6ee4c692 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeLong.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeLong.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8156486
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeShort.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeShort.java
index fdb30ee88aa..84c68b6e71c 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeShort.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeShort.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8156486
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeString.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeString.java
index 2a5284ca36e..c5937eda15d 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeString.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeString.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8156486
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9f7c5025cef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.java
@@ -0,0 +1,2061 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+// -- This file was mechanically generated: Do not edit! -- //
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8156486
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run junit/othervm VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue
+ * @run junit/othervm -Djava.lang.invoke.VarHandle.VAR_HANDLE_GUARDS=true -Djava.lang.invoke.VarHandle.VAR_HANDLE_IDENTITY_ADAPT=true VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue
+ * @run junit/othervm -Djava.lang.invoke.VarHandle.VAR_HANDLE_GUARDS=false -Djava.lang.invoke.VarHandle.VAR_HANDLE_IDENTITY_ADAPT=false VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue
+ * @run junit/othervm -Djava.lang.invoke.VarHandle.VAR_HANDLE_GUARDS=false -Djava.lang.invoke.VarHandle.VAR_HANDLE_IDENTITY_ADAPT=true VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue
+ */
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.VarHandle;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import static java.lang.invoke.MethodType.*;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInstance;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+
+@TestInstance(TestInstance.Lifecycle.PER_CLASS)
+public class VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue extends VarHandleBaseTest {
+    static final Value static_final_v = Value.getInstance(10);
+
+    static Value static_v = Value.getInstance(10);
+
+    final Value final_v = Value.getInstance(10);
+
+    Value v = Value.getInstance(10);
+
+    VarHandle vhFinalField;
+
+    VarHandle vhField;
+
+    VarHandle vhStaticField;
+
+    VarHandle vhStaticFinalField;
+
+    VarHandle vhArray;
+
+    @BeforeAll
+    public void setup() throws Exception {
+        vhFinalField = MethodHandles.lookup().findVarHandle(
+                VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class, "final_v", Value.class);
+
+        vhField = MethodHandles.lookup().findVarHandle(
+                VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class, "v", Value.class);
+
+        vhStaticFinalField = MethodHandles.lookup().findStaticVarHandle(
+            VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class, "static_final_v", Value.class);
+
+        vhStaticField = MethodHandles.lookup().findStaticVarHandle(
+            VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class, "static_v", Value.class);
+
+        vhArray = MethodHandles.arrayElementVarHandle(Value[].class);
+    }
+
+    public Object[][] accessTestCaseProvider() throws Exception {
+        List<AccessTestCase<?>> cases = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        cases.add(new VarHandleAccessTestCase("Instance field",
+                                              vhField, vh -> testInstanceFieldWrongMethodType(this, vh),
+                                              false));
+
+        cases.add(new VarHandleAccessTestCase("Static field",
+                                              vhStaticField, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue::testStaticFieldWrongMethodType,
+                                              false));
+
+        cases.add(new VarHandleAccessTestCase("Array",
+                                              vhArray, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue::testArrayWrongMethodType,
+                                              false));
+
+        for (VarHandleToMethodHandle f : VarHandleToMethodHandle.values()) {
+            cases.add(new MethodHandleAccessTestCase("Instance field",
+                                                     vhField, f, hs -> testInstanceFieldWrongMethodType(this, hs),
+                                                     false));
+
+            cases.add(new MethodHandleAccessTestCase("Static field",
+                                                     vhStaticField, f, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue::testStaticFieldWrongMethodType,
+                                                     false));
+
+            cases.add(new MethodHandleAccessTestCase("Array",
+                                                     vhArray, f, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue::testArrayWrongMethodType,
+                                                     false));
+        }
+        // Work around issue with jtreg summary reporting which truncates
+        // the String result of Object.toString to 30 characters, hence
+        // the first dummy argument
+        return cases.stream().map(tc -> new Object[]{tc.toString(), tc}).toArray(Object[][]::new);
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("accessTestCaseProvider")
+    public <T> void testAccess(String desc, AccessTestCase<T> atc) throws Throwable {
+        T t = atc.get();
+        int iters = atc.requiresLoop() ? ITERS : 1;
+        for (int c = 0; c < iters; c++) {
+            atc.testAccess(t);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testInstanceFieldWrongMethodType(VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue recv, VarHandle vh) throws Throwable {
+        // Get
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(null);
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(0);
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void x = (Void) vh.get(recv);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.get(recv);
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(recv, Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // Set
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            vh.set(null, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            vh.set(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+            vh.set(recv, Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+            vh.set(0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            vh.set();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            vh.set(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // GetVolatile
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getVolatile(null);
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getVolatile(Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getVolatile(0);
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void x = (Void) vh.getVolatile(recv);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.getVolatile(recv);
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getVolatile();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getVolatile(recv, Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // SetVolatile
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            vh.setVolatile(null, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            vh.setVolatile(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+            vh.setVolatile(recv, Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+            vh.setVolatile(0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            vh.setVolatile();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            vh.setVolatile(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // GetOpaque
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getOpaque(null);
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getOpaque(Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getOpaque(0);
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void x = (Void) vh.getOpaque(recv);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.getOpaque(recv);
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getOpaque();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getOpaque(recv, Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // SetOpaque
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            vh.setOpaque(null, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            vh.setOpaque(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+            vh.setOpaque(recv, Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+            vh.setOpaque(0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            vh.setOpaque();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            vh.setOpaque(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // GetAcquire
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAcquire(null);
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAcquire(Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAcquire(0);
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void x = (Void) vh.getAcquire(recv);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.getAcquire(recv);
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAcquire();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAcquire(recv, Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // SetRelease
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            vh.setRelease(null, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            vh.setRelease(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+            vh.setRelease(recv, Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+            vh.setRelease(0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            vh.setRelease();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            vh.setRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // CompareAndSet
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(null, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(recv, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // WeakCompareAndSet
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(null, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(recv, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // WeakCompareAndSetVolatile
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(null, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(recv, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // WeakCompareAndSetAcquire
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(null, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(recv, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // WeakCompareAndSetRelease
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(null, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(recv, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // CompareAndExchange
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(null, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(recv, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void r = (Void) vh.compareAndExchange(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.compareAndExchange(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // CompareAndExchangeAcquire
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(null, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(recv, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void r = (Void) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // CompareAndExchangeRelease
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(null, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(recv, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void r = (Void) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // GetAndSet
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSet(null, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSet(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSet(recv, Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSet(0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void r = (Void) vh.getAndSet(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.getAndSet(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSet();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSet(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+        // GetAndSetAcquire
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetAcquire(null, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetAcquire(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetAcquire(recv, Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetAcquire(0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void r = (Void) vh.getAndSetAcquire(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.getAndSetAcquire(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetAcquire();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetAcquire(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+        // GetAndSetRelease
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetRelease(null, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetRelease(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetRelease(recv, Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetRelease(0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void r = (Void) vh.getAndSetRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.getAndSetRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetRelease();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetRelease(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+    }
+
+    static void testInstanceFieldWrongMethodType(VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue recv, Handles hs) throws Throwable {
+        for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.GET)) {
+            // Incorrect argument types
+            checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class)).
+                    invokeExact((VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue) null);
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Void.class);
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, int.class)).
+                    invokeExact(0);
+            });
+            // Incorrect return type
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // reference class
+                Void x = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class)).
+                    invokeExact(recv);
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+                boolean x = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class)).
+                    invokeExact(recv);
+            });
+            // Incorrect arity
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact();
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(recv, Void.class);
+            });
+        }
+
+        for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.SET)) {
+            // Incorrect argument types
+            checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+                hs.get(am, methodType(void.class, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact((VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue) null, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+                hs.get(am, methodType(void.class, Class.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+                hs.get(am, methodType(void.class, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(recv, Void.class);
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+                hs.get(am, methodType(void.class, int.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(0, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            // Incorrect arity
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+                hs.get(am, methodType(void.class)).
+                    invokeExact();
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+                hs.get(am, methodType(void.class, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class, Value.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+            });
+        }
+
+        for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.COMPARE_AND_SET)) {
+            // Incorrect argument types
+            checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+                boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class, Value.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact((VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue) null, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+                boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, Class.class, Value.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+                boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class, Class.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(recv, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+                boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class, Value.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+                boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, int.class , Value.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            // Incorrect arity
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+                boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class)).
+                    invokeExact();
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+                boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class, Value.class, Value.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+            });
+        }
+
+        for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE)) {
+            checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class, Value.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact((VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue) null, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, Class.class, Value.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class, Class.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(recv, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class, Value.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, int.class , Value.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            // Incorrect return type
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // reference class
+                Void r = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class , Value.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+                boolean x = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class , Value.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            // Incorrect arity
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact();
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class, Value.class, Value.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+            });
+        }
+
+        for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.GET_AND_SET)) {
+            checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact((VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue) null, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, Class.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(recv, Void.class);
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, int.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(0, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            // Incorrect return type
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // reference class
+                Void r = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+                boolean x = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            // Incorrect arity
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact();
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, VarHandleTestMethodTypeValue.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(recv, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+            });
+        }
+
+
+    }
+
+
+    static void testStaticFieldWrongMethodType(VarHandle vh) throws Throwable {
+        // Get
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void x = (Void) vh.get();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.get();
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // Set
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+            vh.set(Void.class);
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            vh.set();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            vh.set(Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // GetVolatile
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void x = (Void) vh.getVolatile();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.getVolatile();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getVolatile(Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // SetVolatile
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+            vh.setVolatile(Void.class);
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            vh.setVolatile();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            vh.setVolatile(Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // GetOpaque
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void x = (Void) vh.getOpaque();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.getOpaque();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getOpaque(Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // SetOpaque
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+            vh.setOpaque(Void.class);
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            vh.setOpaque();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            vh.setOpaque(Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // GetAcquire
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void x = (Void) vh.getAcquire();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.getAcquire();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAcquire(Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // SetRelease
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+            vh.setRelease(Void.class);
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            vh.setRelease();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            vh.setRelease(Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // CompareAndSet
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // WeakCompareAndSet
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // WeakCompareAndSetVolatile
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // WeakCompareAndSetAcquire
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // WeakCompareAndSetRelease
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // CompareAndExchange
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void r = (Void) vh.compareAndExchange(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.compareAndExchange(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // CompareAndExchangeAcquire
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void r = (Void) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // CompareAndExchangeRelease
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void r = (Void) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // GetAndSet
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSet(Void.class);
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void r = (Void) vh.getAndSet(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.getAndSet(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSet();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSet(Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // GetAndSetAcquire
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetAcquire(Void.class);
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void r = (Void) vh.getAndSetAcquire(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.getAndSetAcquire(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetAcquire();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetAcquire(Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // GetAndSetRelease
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetRelease(Void.class);
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void r = (Void) vh.getAndSetRelease(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.getAndSetRelease(Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetRelease();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetRelease(Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+    }
+
+    static void testStaticFieldWrongMethodType(Handles hs) throws Throwable {
+        int i = 0;
+
+        for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.GET)) {
+            // Incorrect return type
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // reference class
+                Void x = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class)).
+                    invokeExact();
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+                boolean x = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class)).
+                    invokeExact();
+            });
+            // Incorrect arity
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Void.class);
+            });
+        }
+
+        for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.SET)) {
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+                hs.get(am, methodType(void.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Void.class);
+            });
+            // Incorrect arity
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+                hs.get(am, methodType(void.class)).
+                    invokeExact();
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+                hs.get(am, methodType(void.class, Value.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+            });
+        }
+        for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.COMPARE_AND_SET)) {
+            // Incorrect argument types
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+                boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, Class.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+                boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, Value.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+            });
+            // Incorrect arity
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+                boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class)).
+                    invokeExact();
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+                boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, Value.class, Value.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+            });
+        }
+
+        for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE)) {
+            // Incorrect argument types
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, Class.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, Value.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+            });
+            // Incorrect return type
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // reference class
+                Void r = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class, Value.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+                boolean x = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, Value.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            // Incorrect arity
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact();
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, Value.class, Value.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+            });
+        }
+
+        for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.GET_AND_SET)) {
+            // Incorrect argument types
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Void.class);
+            });
+            // Incorrect return type
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // reference class
+                Void r = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+                boolean x = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            // Incorrect arity
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact();
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, Value.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+            });
+        }
+
+
+    }
+
+
+    static void testArrayWrongMethodType(VarHandle vh) throws Throwable {
+        Value[] array = new Value[10];
+        Arrays.fill(array, Value.getInstance(10));
+
+        // Get
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null array
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(null, 0);
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(Void.class, 0);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(0, 0);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(array, Void.class);
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void x = (Void) vh.get(array, 0);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.get(array, 0);
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.get(array, 0, Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // Set
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null array
+            vh.set(null, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
+            vh.set(Void.class, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+            vh.set(array, 0, Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+            vh.set(0, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+            vh.set(array, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            vh.set();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            vh.set(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // GetVolatile
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null array
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getVolatile(null, 0);
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getVolatile(Void.class, 0);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getVolatile(0, 0);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getVolatile(array, Void.class);
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void x = (Void) vh.getVolatile(array, 0);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.getVolatile(array, 0);
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getVolatile();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getVolatile(array, 0, Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // SetVolatile
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null array
+            vh.setVolatile(null, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
+            vh.setVolatile(Void.class, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+            vh.setVolatile(array, 0, Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+            vh.setVolatile(0, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+            vh.setVolatile(array, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            vh.setVolatile();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            vh.setVolatile(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // GetOpaque
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null array
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getOpaque(null, 0);
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getOpaque(Void.class, 0);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getOpaque(0, 0);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getOpaque(array, Void.class);
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void x = (Void) vh.getOpaque(array, 0);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.getOpaque(array, 0);
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getOpaque();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getOpaque(array, 0, Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // SetOpaque
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null array
+            vh.setOpaque(null, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
+            vh.setOpaque(Void.class, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+            vh.setOpaque(array, 0, Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+            vh.setOpaque(0, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+            vh.setOpaque(array, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            vh.setOpaque();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            vh.setOpaque(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // GetAcquire
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null array
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAcquire(null, 0);
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAcquire(Void.class, 0);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAcquire(0, 0);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAcquire(array, Void.class);
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void x = (Void) vh.getAcquire(array, 0);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.getAcquire(array, 0);
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAcquire();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAcquire(array, 0, Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // SetRelease
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null array
+            vh.setRelease(null, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
+            vh.setRelease(Void.class, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+            vh.setRelease(array, 0, Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+            vh.setRelease(0, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+            vh.setRelease(array, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            vh.setRelease();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            vh.setRelease(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // CompareAndSet
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(null, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(Void.class, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(array, 0, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(0, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(array, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // WeakCompareAndSet
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(null, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(Void.class, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(array, 0, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(0, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(array, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // WeakCompareAndSetVolatile
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(null, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(Void.class, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(array, 0, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(0, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(array, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // WeakCompareAndSetAcquire
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(null, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(Void.class, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(array, 0, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(0, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(array, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // WeakCompareAndSetRelease
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(null, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(Void.class, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(array, 0, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(0, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(array, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // CompareAndExchange
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(null, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(Void.class, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(array, 0, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(0, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(array, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void r = (Void) vh.compareAndExchange(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.compareAndExchange(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchange(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // CompareAndExchangeAcquire
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(null, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(Void.class, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(array, 0, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(0, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(array, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void r = (Void) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // CompareAndExchangeRelease
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(null, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(Void.class, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(array, 0, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(0, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(array, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void r = (Void) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // GetAndSet
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null array
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSet(null, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSet(Void.class, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSet(array, 0, Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // reciarrayever primitive class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSet(0, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSet(array, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void r = (Void) vh.getAndSet(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.getAndSet(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSet();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSet(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // GetAndSetAcquire
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null array
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetAcquire(null, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetAcquire(Void.class, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetAcquire(array, 0, Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // reciarrayever primitive class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetAcquire(0, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetAcquire(array, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void r = (Void) vh.getAndSetAcquire(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.getAndSetAcquire(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetAcquire();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetAcquire(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+        // GetAndSetRelease
+        // Incorrect argument types
+        checkNPE(() -> { // null array
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetRelease(null, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetRelease(Void.class, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetRelease(array, 0, Void.class);
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // reciarrayever primitive class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetRelease(0, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetRelease(array, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect return type
+        checkCCE(() -> { // reference class
+            Void r = (Void) vh.getAndSetRelease(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+            boolean x = (boolean) vh.getAndSetRelease(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+        });
+        // Incorrect arity
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetRelease();
+        });
+        checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+            Value x = (Value) vh.getAndSetRelease(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+        });
+
+
+    }
+
+    static void testArrayWrongMethodType(Handles hs) throws Throwable {
+        Value[] array = new Value[10];
+        Arrays.fill(array, Value.getInstance(10));
+
+        for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.GET)) {
+            // Incorrect argument types
+            checkNPE(() -> { // null array
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, Value[].class, int.class)).
+                    invokeExact((Value[]) null, 0);
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // array reference class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, Class.class, int.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Void.class, 0);
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, int.class, int.class)).
+                    invokeExact(0, 0);
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, Value[].class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(array, Void.class);
+            });
+            // Incorrect return type
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // reference class
+                Void x = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class, Value[].class, int.class)).
+                    invokeExact(array, 0);
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+                boolean x = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, Value[].class, int.class)).
+                    invokeExact(array, 0);
+            });
+            // Incorrect arity
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact();
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, Value[].class, int.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(array, 0, Void.class);
+            });
+        }
+
+        for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.SET)) {
+            // Incorrect argument types
+            checkNPE(() -> { // null array
+                hs.get(am, methodType(void.class, Value[].class, int.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact((Value[]) null, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // array reference class
+                hs.get(am, methodType(void.class, Class.class, int.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Void.class, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+                hs.get(am, methodType(void.class, Value[].class, int.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(array, 0, Void.class);
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+                hs.get(am, methodType(void.class, int.class, int.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(0, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+                hs.get(am, methodType(void.class, Value[].class, Class.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(array, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            // Incorrect arity
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+                hs.get(am, methodType(void.class)).
+                    invokeExact();
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+                hs.get(am, methodType(void.class, Value[].class, int.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+            });
+        }
+        for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.COMPARE_AND_SET)) {
+            // Incorrect argument types
+            checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+                boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, Value[].class, int.class, Value.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact((Value[]) null, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
+                boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, Class.class, int.class, Value.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Void.class, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+                boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, Value[].class, int.class, Class.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(array, 0, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+                boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, Value[].class, int.class, Value.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
+                boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, int.class, int.class, Value.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(0, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+                boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, Value[].class, Class.class, Value.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(array, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            // Incorrect arity
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+                boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class)).
+                    invokeExact();
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+                boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, Value[].class, int.class, Value.class, Value.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+            });
+        }
+
+        for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE)) {
+            // Incorrect argument types
+            checkNPE(() -> { // null receiver
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, Value[].class, int.class, Value.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact((Value[]) null, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // array reference class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, Class.class, int.class, Value.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Void.class, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // expected reference class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, Value[].class, int.class, Class.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(array, 0, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // actual reference class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, Value[].class, int.class, Value.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, int.class, int.class, Value.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(0, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, Value[].class, Class.class, Value.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(array, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            // Incorrect return type
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // reference class
+                Void r = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class, Value[].class, int.class, Value.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+                boolean x = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, Value[].class, int.class, Value.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            // Incorrect arity
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact();
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, Value[].class, int.class, Value.class, Value.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+            });
+        }
+
+        for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.GET_AND_SET)) {
+            // Incorrect argument types
+            checkNPE(() -> { // null array
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, Value[].class, int.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact((Value[]) null, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // array reference class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, Class.class, int.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(Void.class, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // value reference class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, Value[].class, int.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(array, 0, Void.class);
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, int.class, int.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(0, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // index reference class
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, Value[].class, Class.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(array, Void.class, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            // Incorrect return type
+            hs.checkWMTEOrCCE(() -> { // reference class
+                Void r = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class, Value[].class, int.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
+                boolean x = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, Value[].class, int.class, Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10));
+            });
+            // Incorrect arity
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // 0
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class)).
+                    invokeExact();
+            });
+            checkWMTE(() -> { // >
+                Value x = (Value) hs.get(am, methodType(Value.class, Value[].class, int.class, Value.class, Class.class)).
+                    invokeExact(array, 0, Value.getInstance(10), Void.class);
+            });
+        }
+
+
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/X-VarHandleTestAccess.java.template b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/X-VarHandleTestAccess.java.template
index b18dbb6e1b0..df85af59d46 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/X-VarHandleTestAccess.java.template
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/X-VarHandleTestAccess.java.template
@@ -21,8 +21,14 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+#warn
+
 /*
  * @test
+#if[Value]
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+#end[Value]
  * @run junit/othervm -Diters=10   -Xint                                                   VarHandleTestAccess$Type$
  *
  * @comment Set CompileThresholdScaling to 0.1 so that the warmup loop sets to 2000 iterations
@@ -74,9 +80,9 @@ public class VarHandleTestAccess$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
     VarHandle vhArray;
 
-#if[String]
+#if[Object]
     VarHandle vhArrayObject;
-#end[String]
+#end[Object]
 
     VarHandle[] allocate(boolean same) {
         List<VarHandle> vhs = new ArrayList<>();
@@ -132,9 +138,9 @@ public class VarHandleTestAccess$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             VarHandleTestAccess$Type$.class, "static_v", $type$.class);
 
         vhArray = MethodHandles.arrayElementVarHandle($type$[].class);
-#if[String]
+#if[Object]
         vhArrayObject = MethodHandles.arrayElementVarHandle(Object[].class);
-#end[String]
+#end[Object]
     }
 
     public Object[][] varHandlesProvider() throws Exception {
@@ -311,21 +317,21 @@ public class VarHandleTestAccess$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         cases.add(new VarHandleAccessTestCase("Array",
                                               vhArray, VarHandleTestAccess$Type$::testArray));
-#if[String]
+#if[Object]
         cases.add(new VarHandleAccessTestCase("Array Object[]",
                                               vhArrayObject, VarHandleTestAccess$Type$::testArray));
-#end[String]
+#end[Object]
         cases.add(new VarHandleAccessTestCase("Array unsupported",
                                               vhArray, VarHandleTestAccess$Type$::testArrayUnsupported,
                                               false));
         cases.add(new VarHandleAccessTestCase("Array index out of bounds",
                                               vhArray, VarHandleTestAccess$Type$::testArrayIndexOutOfBounds,
                                               false));
-#if[String]
+#if[Object]
         cases.add(new VarHandleAccessTestCase("Array store exception",
                                               vhArrayObject, VarHandleTestAccess$Type$::testArrayStoreException,
                                               false));
-#end[String]
+#end[Object]
         // Work around issue with jtreg summary reporting which truncates
         // the String result of Object.toString to 30 characters, hence
         // the first dummy argument
@@ -2001,7 +2007,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestAccess$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         }
     }
 
-#if[String]
+#if[Object]
     static void testArrayStoreException(VarHandle vh) throws Throwable {
         Object[] array = new $type$[10];
         Arrays.fill(array, $value1$);
@@ -2082,6 +2088,6 @@ public class VarHandleTestAccess$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndSetRelease(array, 0, value);
         });
     }
-#end[String]
+#end[Object]
 }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/X-VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccess.java.template b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/X-VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccess.java.template
index a347b232d7e..076befb5685 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/X-VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccess.java.template
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/X-VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccess.java.template
@@ -21,8 +21,14 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+#warn
+
 /*
  * @test
+#if[Value]
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+#end[Value]
  * @comment Set CompileThresholdScaling to 0.1 so that the warmup loop sets to 2000 iterations
  *          to hit compilation thresholds
  * @run junit/othervm -Diters=2000 -XX:CompileThresholdScaling=0.1 VarHandleTestMethodHandleAccess$Type$
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/X-VarHandleTestMethodType.java.template b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/X-VarHandleTestMethodType.java.template
index 77531cc309f..e1717283115 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/X-VarHandleTestMethodType.java.template
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/X-VarHandleTestMethodType.java.template
@@ -21,9 +21,15 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+#warn
+
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8156486
+#if[Value]
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+#end[Value]
  * @run junit/othervm VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$
  * @run junit/othervm -Djava.lang.invoke.VarHandle.VAR_HANDLE_GUARDS=true -Djava.lang.invoke.VarHandle.VAR_HANDLE_IDENTITY_ADAPT=true VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$
  * @run junit/othervm -Djava.lang.invoke.VarHandle.VAR_HANDLE_GUARDS=false -Djava.lang.invoke.VarHandle.VAR_HANDLE_IDENTITY_ADAPT=false VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$
@@ -137,7 +143,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.get(0);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void x = (Void) vh.get(recv);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -160,7 +166,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             vh.set(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             vh.set(recv, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
@@ -187,7 +193,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getVolatile(0);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void x = (Void) vh.getVolatile(recv);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -210,7 +216,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             vh.setVolatile(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             vh.setVolatile(recv, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
@@ -237,7 +243,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getOpaque(0);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void x = (Void) vh.getOpaque(recv);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -260,7 +266,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             vh.setOpaque(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             vh.setOpaque(recv, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
@@ -287,7 +293,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAcquire(0);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void x = (Void) vh.getAcquire(recv);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -310,7 +316,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             vh.setRelease(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             vh.setRelease(recv, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
@@ -334,10 +340,10 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(Void.class, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(recv, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(recv, $value1$, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
@@ -360,10 +366,10 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(Void.class, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(recv, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(recv, $value1$, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
@@ -386,10 +392,10 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(Void.class, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(recv, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(recv, $value1$, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
@@ -412,10 +418,10 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(Void.class, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(recv, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(recv, $value1$, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
@@ -438,10 +444,10 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(Void.class, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(recv, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(recv, $value1$, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
@@ -464,17 +470,17 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchange(Void.class, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchange(recv, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchange(recv, $value1$, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchange(0, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.compareAndExchange(recv, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -497,17 +503,17 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(Void.class, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(recv, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(recv, $value1$, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(0, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(recv, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -530,17 +536,17 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(Void.class, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(recv, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(recv, $value1$, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(0, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(recv, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -563,14 +569,14 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndSet(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndSet(recv, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndSet(0, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndSet(recv, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -592,14 +598,14 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndSetAcquire(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndSetAcquire(recv, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndSetAcquire(0, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndSetAcquire(recv, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -621,14 +627,14 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndSetRelease(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndSetRelease(recv, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndSetRelease(0, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndSetRelease(recv, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -652,14 +658,14 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndAdd(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndAdd(recv, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndAdd(0, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndAdd(recv, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -681,14 +687,14 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndAddAcquire(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndAddAcquire(recv, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndAddAcquire(0, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndAddAcquire(recv, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -710,14 +716,14 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndAddRelease(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndAddRelease(recv, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndAddRelease(0, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndAddRelease(recv, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -741,14 +747,14 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseOr(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseOr(recv, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseOr(0, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseOr(recv, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -771,14 +777,14 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseOrAcquire(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseOrAcquire(recv, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseOrAcquire(0, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseOrAcquire(recv, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -801,14 +807,14 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseOr(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseOr(recv, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseOr(0, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseOr(recv, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -831,14 +837,14 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseAnd(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseAnd(recv, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseAnd(0, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseAnd(recv, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -861,14 +867,14 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseAndAcquire(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseAndAcquire(recv, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseAndAcquire(0, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseAndAcquire(recv, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -891,14 +897,14 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseAnd(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseAnd(recv, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseAnd(0, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseAnd(recv, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -921,14 +927,14 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseXor(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseXor(recv, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseXor(0, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseXor(recv, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -951,14 +957,14 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseXorAcquire(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseXorAcquire(recv, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseXorAcquire(0, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseXorAcquire(recv, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -981,14 +987,14 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseXor(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseXor(recv, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // reciever primitive class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseXor(0, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseXor(recv, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -1020,7 +1026,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
                     invokeExact(0);
             });
             // Incorrect return type
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
                 Void x = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class, VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(recv);
             });
@@ -1049,7 +1055,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
                 hs.get(am, methodType(void.class, Class.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(Void.class, $value1$);
             });
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
                 hs.get(am, methodType(void.class, VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$.class, Class.class)).
                     invokeExact(recv, Void.class);
             });
@@ -1079,11 +1085,11 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
                 boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, Class.class, $type$.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(Void.class, $value1$, $value1$);
             });
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
                 boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$.class, Class.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(recv, Void.class, $value1$);
             });
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
                 boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$.class, $type$.class, Class.class)).
                     invokeExact(recv, $value1$, Void.class);
             });
@@ -1111,11 +1117,11 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
                 $type$ x = ($type$) hs.get(am, methodType($type$.class, Class.class, $type$.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(Void.class, $value1$, $value1$);
             });
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
                 $type$ x = ($type$) hs.get(am, methodType($type$.class, VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$.class, Class.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(recv, Void.class, $value1$);
             });
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
                 $type$ x = ($type$) hs.get(am, methodType($type$.class, VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$.class, $type$.class, Class.class)).
                     invokeExact(recv, $value1$, Void.class);
             });
@@ -1124,7 +1130,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
                     invokeExact(0, $value1$, $value1$);
             });
             // Incorrect return type
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
                 Void r = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class, VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$.class , $type$.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(recv, $value1$, $value1$);
             });
@@ -1152,7 +1158,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
                 $type$ x = ($type$) hs.get(am, methodType($type$.class, Class.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(Void.class, $value1$);
             });
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
                 $type$ x = ($type$) hs.get(am, methodType($type$.class, VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$.class, Class.class)).
                     invokeExact(recv, Void.class);
             });
@@ -1161,7 +1167,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
                     invokeExact(0, $value1$);
             });
             // Incorrect return type
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
                 Void r = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class, VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(recv, $value1$);
             });
@@ -1191,7 +1197,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
                 $type$ x = ($type$) hs.get(am, methodType($type$.class, Class.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(Void.class, $value1$);
             });
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
                 $type$ x = ($type$) hs.get(am, methodType($type$.class, VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$.class, Class.class)).
                     invokeExact(recv, Void.class);
             });
@@ -1200,7 +1206,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
                     invokeExact(0, $value1$);
             });
             // Incorrect return type
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
                 Void r = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class, VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(recv, $value1$);
             });
@@ -1230,7 +1236,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
                 $type$ x = ($type$) hs.get(am, methodType($type$.class, Class.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(Void.class, $value1$);
             });
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
                 $type$ x = ($type$) hs.get(am, methodType($type$.class, VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$.class, Class.class)).
                     invokeExact(recv, Void.class);
             });
@@ -1239,7 +1245,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
                     invokeExact(0, $value1$);
             });
             // Incorrect return type
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
                 Void r = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class, VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(recv, $value1$);
             });
@@ -1264,7 +1270,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
     static void testStaticFieldWrongMethodType(VarHandle vh) throws Throwable {
         // Get
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void x = (Void) vh.get();
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -1278,7 +1284,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // Set
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             vh.set(Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect arity
@@ -1292,7 +1298,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // GetVolatile
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void x = (Void) vh.getVolatile();
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -1305,7 +1311,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // SetVolatile
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             vh.setVolatile(Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect arity
@@ -1319,7 +1325,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // GetOpaque
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void x = (Void) vh.getOpaque();
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -1332,7 +1338,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // SetOpaque
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             vh.setOpaque(Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect arity
@@ -1346,7 +1352,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // GetAcquire
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void x = (Void) vh.getAcquire();
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -1359,7 +1365,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // SetRelease
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             vh.setRelease(Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect arity
@@ -1374,10 +1380,10 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 #if[CAS]
         // CompareAndSet
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             boolean r = vh.compareAndSet($value1$, Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect arity
@@ -1391,10 +1397,10 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // WeakCompareAndSet
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain($value1$, Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect arity
@@ -1408,10 +1414,10 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // WeakCompareAndSetVolatile
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet($value1$, Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect arity
@@ -1425,10 +1431,10 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // WeakCompareAndSetAcquire
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire($value1$, Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect arity
@@ -1442,10 +1448,10 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // WeakCompareAndSetRelease
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease($value1$, Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect arity
@@ -1459,14 +1465,14 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // CompareAndExchange
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchange(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchange($value1$, Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.compareAndExchange($value1$, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -1483,14 +1489,14 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // CompareAndExchangeAcquire
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire($value1$, Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire($value1$, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -1507,14 +1513,14 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // CompareAndExchangeRelease
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease($value1$, Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease($value1$, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -1531,11 +1537,11 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // GetAndSet
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndSet(Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndSet($value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -1552,11 +1558,11 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // GetAndSetAcquire
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndSetAcquire(Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndSetAcquire($value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -1573,11 +1579,11 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // GetAndSetRelease
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndSetRelease(Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndSetRelease($value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -1595,11 +1601,11 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 #if[AtomicAdd]
         // GetAndAdd
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndAdd(Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndAdd($value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -1616,11 +1622,11 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // GetAndAddAcquire
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndAddAcquire(Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndAddAcquire($value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -1637,11 +1643,11 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // GetAndAddRelease
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndAddRelease(Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndAddRelease($value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -1659,11 +1665,11 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 #if[Bitwise]
         // GetAndBitwiseOr
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseOr(Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseOr($value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -1680,11 +1686,11 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // GetAndBitwiseOrAcquire
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseOrAcquire(Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseOrAcquire($value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -1701,11 +1707,11 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // GetAndBitwiseOrReleaseRelease
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseOrRelease(Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseOrRelease($value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -1722,11 +1728,11 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // GetAndBitwiseAnd
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseAnd(Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseAnd($value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -1743,11 +1749,11 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // GetAndBitwiseAndAcquire
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseAndAcquire(Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseAndAcquire($value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -1764,11 +1770,11 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // GetAndBitwiseAndReleaseRelease
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseAndRelease(Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseAndRelease($value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -1785,11 +1791,11 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // GetAndBitwiseXor
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseXor(Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseXor($value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -1806,11 +1812,11 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // GetAndBitwiseXorAcquire
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseXorAcquire(Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseXorAcquire($value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -1827,11 +1833,11 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         // GetAndBitwiseXorReleaseRelease
         // Incorrect argument types
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseXorRelease(Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseXorRelease($value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -1852,7 +1858,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.GET)) {
             // Incorrect return type
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
                 Void x = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class)).
                     invokeExact();
             });
@@ -1868,7 +1874,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         }
 
         for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.SET)) {
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
                 hs.get(am, methodType(void.class, Class.class)).
                     invokeExact(Void.class);
             });
@@ -1885,11 +1891,11 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 #if[CAS]
         for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.COMPARE_AND_SET)) {
             // Incorrect argument types
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
                 boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, Class.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(Void.class, $value1$);
             });
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
                 boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, $type$.class, Class.class)).
                     invokeExact($value1$, Void.class);
             });
@@ -1906,16 +1912,16 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE)) {
             // Incorrect argument types
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
                 $type$ x = ($type$) hs.get(am, methodType($type$.class, Class.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(Void.class, $value1$);
             });
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
                 $type$ x = ($type$) hs.get(am, methodType($type$.class, $type$.class, Class.class)).
                     invokeExact($value1$, Void.class);
             });
             // Incorrect return type
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
                 Void r = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class, $type$.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact($value1$, $value1$);
             });
@@ -1936,12 +1942,12 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 
         for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.GET_AND_SET)) {
             // Incorrect argument types
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
                 $type$ x = ($type$) hs.get(am, methodType($type$.class, Class.class)).
                     invokeExact(Void.class);
             });
             // Incorrect return type
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
                 Void r = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact($value1$);
             });
@@ -1964,12 +1970,12 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 #if[AtomicAdd]
         for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.GET_AND_ADD)) {
             // Incorrect argument types
-            check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+            check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
                 $type$ x = ($type$) hs.get(am, methodType($type$.class, Class.class)).
                     invokeExact(Void.class);
             });
             // Incorrect return type
-            check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+            check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
                 Void r = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact($value1$);
             });
@@ -1992,12 +1998,12 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
 #if[Bitwise]
         for (TestAccessMode am : testAccessModesOfType(TestAccessType.GET_AND_BITWISE)) {
             // Incorrect argument types
-            check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+            check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
                 $type$ x = ($type$) hs.get(am, methodType($type$.class, Class.class)).
                     invokeExact(Void.class);
             });
             // Incorrect return type
-            check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+            check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
                 Void r = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact($value1$);
             });
@@ -2038,7 +2044,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.get(array, Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void x = (Void) vh.get(array, 0);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -2061,7 +2067,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
             vh.set(Void.class, 0, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             vh.set(array, 0, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
@@ -2094,7 +2100,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getVolatile(array, Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void x = (Void) vh.getVolatile(array, 0);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -2117,7 +2123,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
             vh.setVolatile(Void.class, 0, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             vh.setVolatile(array, 0, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
@@ -2150,7 +2156,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getOpaque(array, Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void x = (Void) vh.getOpaque(array, 0);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -2173,7 +2179,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
             vh.setOpaque(Void.class, 0, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             vh.setOpaque(array, 0, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
@@ -2206,7 +2212,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAcquire(array, Void.class);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void x = (Void) vh.getAcquire(array, 0);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -2229,7 +2235,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
             vh.setRelease(Void.class, 0, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             vh.setRelease(array, 0, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
@@ -2256,10 +2262,10 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(Void.class, 0, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(array, 0, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             boolean r = vh.compareAndSet(array, 0, $value1$, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
@@ -2285,10 +2291,10 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(Void.class, 0, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(array, 0, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(array, 0, $value1$, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
@@ -2314,10 +2320,10 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(Void.class, 0, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(array, 0, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSet(array, 0, $value1$, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
@@ -2343,10 +2349,10 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(Void.class, 0, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(array, 0, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(array, 0, $value1$, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
@@ -2372,10 +2378,10 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // receiver reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(Void.class, 0, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(array, 0, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             boolean r = vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(array, 0, $value1$, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // receiver primitive class
@@ -2401,10 +2407,10 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchange(Void.class, 0, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchange(array, 0, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchange(array, 0, $value1$, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
@@ -2414,7 +2420,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchange(array, Void.class, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.compareAndExchange(array, 0, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -2437,10 +2443,10 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(Void.class, 0, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(array, 0, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(array, 0, $value1$, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
@@ -2450,7 +2456,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(array, Void.class, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(array, 0, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -2473,10 +2479,10 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(Void.class, 0, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(array, 0, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(array, 0, $value1$, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
@@ -2486,7 +2492,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(array, Void.class, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(array, 0, $value1$, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -2509,7 +2515,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndSet(Void.class, 0, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndSet(array, 0, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // reciarrayever primitive class
@@ -2519,7 +2525,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndSet(array, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndSet(array, 0, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -2542,7 +2548,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndSetAcquire(Void.class, 0, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndSetAcquire(array, 0, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // reciarrayever primitive class
@@ -2552,7 +2558,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndSetAcquire(array, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndSetAcquire(array, 0, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -2575,7 +2581,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndSetRelease(Void.class, 0, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndSetRelease(array, 0, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // reciarrayever primitive class
@@ -2585,7 +2591,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndSetRelease(array, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndSetRelease(array, 0, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -2609,7 +2615,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndAdd(Void.class, 0, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndAdd(array, 0, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
@@ -2619,7 +2625,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndAdd(array, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndAdd(array, 0, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -2642,7 +2648,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndAddAcquire(Void.class, 0, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndAddAcquire(array, 0, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
@@ -2652,7 +2658,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndAddAcquire(array, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndAddAcquire(array, 0, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -2675,7 +2681,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndAddRelease(Void.class, 0, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndAddRelease(array, 0, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
@@ -2685,7 +2691,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndAddRelease(array, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndAddRelease(array, 0, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -2709,7 +2715,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseOr(Void.class, 0, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseOr(array, 0, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
@@ -2719,7 +2725,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseOr(array, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseOr(array, 0, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -2742,7 +2748,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseOrAcquire(Void.class, 0, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseOrAcquire(array, 0, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
@@ -2752,7 +2758,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseOrAcquire(array, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseOrAcquire(array, 0, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -2775,7 +2781,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseOrRelease(Void.class, 0, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseOrRelease(array, 0, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
@@ -2785,7 +2791,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseOrRelease(array, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseOrRelease(array, 0, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -2808,7 +2814,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseAnd(Void.class, 0, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseAnd(array, 0, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
@@ -2818,7 +2824,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseAnd(array, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseAnd(array, 0, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -2841,7 +2847,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseAndAcquire(Void.class, 0, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseAndAcquire(array, 0, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
@@ -2851,7 +2857,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseAndAcquire(array, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseAndAcquire(array, 0, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -2874,7 +2880,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseAndRelease(Void.class, 0, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseAndRelease(array, 0, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
@@ -2884,7 +2890,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseAndRelease(array, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseAndRelease(array, 0, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -2907,7 +2913,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseXor(Void.class, 0, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseXor(array, 0, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
@@ -2917,7 +2923,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseXor(array, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseXor(array, 0, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -2940,7 +2946,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseXorAcquire(Void.class, 0, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseXorAcquire(array, 0, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
@@ -2950,7 +2956,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseXorAcquire(array, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseXorAcquire(array, 0, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -2973,7 +2979,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
         checkCCE(() -> { // array reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseXorRelease(Void.class, 0, $value1$);
         });
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseXorRelease(array, 0, Void.class);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // array primitive class
@@ -2983,7 +2989,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
             $type$ x = ($type$) vh.getAndBitwiseXorRelease(array, Void.class, $value1$);
         });
         // Incorrect return type
-        check{#if[String]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+        check{#if[Object]?CCE:WMTE}(() -> { // reference class
             Void r = (Void) vh.getAndBitwiseXorRelease(array, 0, $value1$);
         });
         checkWMTE(() -> { // primitive class
@@ -3022,7 +3028,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
                     invokeExact(array, Void.class);
             });
             // Incorrect return type
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
                 Void x = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class, $type$[].class, int.class)).
                     invokeExact(array, 0);
             });
@@ -3051,7 +3057,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
                 hs.get(am, methodType(void.class, Class.class, int.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(Void.class, 0, $value1$);
             });
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
                 hs.get(am, methodType(void.class, $type$[].class, int.class, Class.class)).
                     invokeExact(array, 0, Void.class);
             });
@@ -3084,11 +3090,11 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
                 boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, Class.class, int.class, $type$.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(Void.class, 0, $value1$, $value1$);
             });
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
                 boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, $type$[].class, int.class, Class.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(array, 0, Void.class, $value1$);
             });
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
                 boolean r = (boolean) hs.get(am, methodType(boolean.class, $type$[].class, int.class, $type$.class, Class.class)).
                     invokeExact(array, 0, $value1$, Void.class);
             });
@@ -3121,11 +3127,11 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
                 $type$ x = ($type$) hs.get(am, methodType($type$.class, Class.class, int.class, $type$.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(Void.class, 0, $value1$, $value1$);
             });
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // expected reference class
                 $type$ x = ($type$) hs.get(am, methodType($type$.class, $type$[].class, int.class, Class.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(array, 0, Void.class, $value1$);
             });
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // actual reference class
                 $type$ x = ($type$) hs.get(am, methodType($type$.class, $type$[].class, int.class, $type$.class, Class.class)).
                     invokeExact(array, 0, $value1$, Void.class);
             });
@@ -3138,7 +3144,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
                     invokeExact(array, Void.class, $value1$, $value1$);
             });
             // Incorrect return type
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
                 Void r = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class, $type$[].class, int.class, $type$.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(array, 0, $value1$, $value1$);
             });
@@ -3167,7 +3173,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
                 $type$ x = ($type$) hs.get(am, methodType($type$.class, Class.class, int.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(Void.class, 0, $value1$);
             });
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
                 $type$ x = ($type$) hs.get(am, methodType($type$.class, $type$[].class, int.class, Class.class)).
                     invokeExact(array, 0, Void.class);
             });
@@ -3180,7 +3186,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
                     invokeExact(array, Void.class, $value1$);
             });
             // Incorrect return type
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
                 Void r = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class, $type$[].class, int.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(array, 0, $value1$);
             });
@@ -3211,7 +3217,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
                 $type$ x = ($type$) hs.get(am, methodType($type$.class, Class.class, int.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(Void.class, 0, $value1$);
             });
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
                 $type$ x = ($type$) hs.get(am, methodType($type$.class, $type$[].class, int.class, Class.class)).
                     invokeExact(array, 0, Void.class);
             });
@@ -3224,7 +3230,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
                     invokeExact(array, Void.class, $value1$);
             });
             // Incorrect return type
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
                 Void r = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class, $type$[].class, int.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(array, 0, $value1$);
             });
@@ -3255,7 +3261,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
                 $type$ x = ($type$) hs.get(am, methodType($type$.class, Class.class, int.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(Void.class, 0, $value1$);
             });
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // value reference class
                 $type$ x = ($type$) hs.get(am, methodType($type$.class, $type$[].class, int.class, Class.class)).
                     invokeExact(array, 0, Void.class);
             });
@@ -3268,7 +3274,7 @@ public class VarHandleTestMethodType$Type$ extends VarHandleBaseTest {
                     invokeExact(array, Void.class, $value1$);
             });
             // Incorrect return type
-            {#if[String]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
+            {#if[Object]?hs.checkWMTEOrCCE:checkWMTE}(() -> { // reference class
                 Void r = (Void) hs.get(am, methodType(Void.class, $type$[].class, int.class, $type$.class)).
                     invokeExact(array, 0, $value1$);
             });
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/generate-vh-tests.sh b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/generate-vh-tests.sh
index 391de865f81..1d860551aa8 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/generate-vh-tests.sh
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/generate-vh-tests.sh
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ SPP=build.tools.spp.Spp
 # desirable to generate code using ASM which will allow more flexibility
 # in the kinds of tests that are generated.
 
-for type in boolean byte short char int long float double String
+for type in boolean byte short char int long float double String Value
 do
   Type="$(tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]' <<< ${type:0:1})${type:1}"
   args="-K$type -Dtype=$type -DType=$Type"
@@ -28,6 +28,17 @@ do
       ;;
   esac
 
+ # Object = objects of identity or value class
+ # Value = value class 
+  case $type in
+    String)
+      args="$args -KObject"
+      ;;
+    Value)
+      args="$args -KObject -KValue"
+      ;;
+  esac
+
   wrong_primitive_type=boolean
 
   case $type in
@@ -77,6 +88,11 @@ do
       value2=\"bar\"
       value3=\"baz\"
       ;;
+    Value)
+      value1="Value.getInstance(10)"
+      value2="Value.getInstance(20)"
+      value3="Value.getInstance(30)"
+      ;;
   esac
 
   args="$args -Dvalue1=$value1 -Dvalue2=$value2 -Dvalue3=$value3 -Dwrong_primitive_type=$wrong_primitive_type"
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/java.base/java/lang/invoke/LookupHelper.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/java.base/java/lang/invoke/LookupHelper.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..35b537784cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles/java.base/java/lang/invoke/LookupHelper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package java.lang.invoke;
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles.Lookup;
+
+public class LookupHelper {
+    public static final Lookup IMPL_LOOKUP = Lookup.IMPL_LOOKUP;
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/callerSensitive/CallerSensitiveAccess.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/callerSensitive/CallerSensitiveAccess.java
index 67aa90ba99c..068c18b7eae 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/callerSensitive/CallerSensitiveAccess.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/callerSensitive/CallerSensitiveAccess.java
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
  */
 
 /* @test
- * @bug 8196830 8235351 8257874
+ * @bug 8196830 8235351 8257874 8327639
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.reflect
  * @run junit/othervm CallerSensitiveAccess
  * @summary Check Lookup findVirtual, findStatic and unreflect behavior with
@@ -51,20 +51,27 @@
 import jdk.internal.reflect.CallerSensitive;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
 
 public class CallerSensitiveAccess {
+    // Cache the list of Caller Sensitive Methods
+    private static List<Method> CALLER_SENSITIVE_METHODS;
+
+    @BeforeAll
+    public static void setupCallerSensitiveMethods() {
+        CALLER_SENSITIVE_METHODS = callerSensitiveMethods(Object.class.getModule());
+    }
 
     /**
      * Caller sensitive methods in APIs exported by java.base.
      */
     static Object[][] callerSensitiveMethods() {
-        try (Stream<Method> stream = callerSensitiveMethods(Object.class.getModule())) {
-            return stream.map(m -> new Object[]{m, shortDescription(m)})
-                    .toArray(Object[][]::new);
-        }
+        return CALLER_SENSITIVE_METHODS.stream()
+                .map(m -> new Object[]{m, shortDescription(m)})
+                .toArray(Object[][]::new);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -101,13 +108,11 @@ public void testPublicLookupUnreflect(Method method, String desc) throws Excepti
      * public accessible caller sensitive methods in APIs exported by java.base.
      */
     static Object[][] accessibleCallerSensitiveMethods() {
-        try (Stream<Method> stream = callerSensitiveMethods(Object.class.getModule())) {
-            return stream
+        return CALLER_SENSITIVE_METHODS.stream()
                 .filter(m -> Modifier.isPublic(m.getModifiers()))
                 .map(m -> { m.setAccessible(true); return m; })
                 .map(m -> new Object[] { m, shortDescription(m) })
                 .toArray(Object[][]::new);
-        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -390,10 +395,11 @@ public void testInnerPrivateField() throws Throwable {
     // -- supporting methods --
 
     /**
-     * Returns a stream of all caller sensitive methods on public classes in packages
+     * Returns a List of all caller sensitive methods on public classes in packages
      * exported by a named module.
+     * Returns a List instead of a stream so the ModuleReader can be closed before returning.
      */
-    static Stream<Method> callerSensitiveMethods(Module module) {
+    static List<Method> callerSensitiveMethods(Module module) {
         assertTrue(module.isNamed());
         ModuleReference mref = module.getLayer().configuration()
                 .findModule(module.getName())
@@ -413,7 +419,7 @@ static Stream<Method> callerSensitiveMethods(Module module) {
                     .filter(refc -> refc != null
                                     && Modifier.isPublic(refc.getModifiers()))
                     .map(refc -> callerSensitiveMethods(refc))
-                    .flatMap(List::stream);
+                    .flatMap(List::stream).toList();
         } catch (IOException ioe) {
             throw new UncheckedIOException(ioe);
         }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/defineHiddenClass/BasicTest.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/defineHiddenClass/BasicTest.java
index 097e7c782a5..0796a7d6358 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/defineHiddenClass/BasicTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/defineHiddenClass/BasicTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 8330467
  * @modules jdk.compiler
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @library /test/lib
  * @compile BadClassFile.jcod
  *          BadClassFile2.jcod
@@ -49,6 +50,7 @@
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
 import jdk.test.lib.compiler.CompilerUtils;
 import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
 
@@ -306,7 +308,11 @@ public void emptyHiddenClass(String name, int accessFlags) throws Exception {
                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("unexpected access flag: " + accessFlags);
         }
         assertTrue(hc.isHidden());
-        assertEquals(hc.getModifiers(), ACC_PUBLIC | accessFlags);
+        int expectedAccessFlags = ACC_PUBLIC | accessFlags;
+        if ((accessFlags & ACC_INTERFACE) == 0 && PreviewFeatures.isEnabled()) {
+            expectedAccessFlags |= ACC_IDENTITY;
+        }
+        assertEquals(hc.getModifiers(), expectedAccessFlags);
         assertFalse(hc.isLocalClass());
         assertFalse(hc.isMemberClass());
         assertFalse(hc.isAnonymousClass());
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/defineHiddenClass/HiddenValueClass.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/defineHiddenClass/HiddenValueClass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d53e900ccae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/defineHiddenClass/HiddenValueClass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run testng/othervm HiddenValueClass
+ * @summary Test that a value class can be defined as a hidden class
+ */
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import static java.lang.invoke.MethodType.*;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+
+import org.testng.annotations.Test;
+
+public class HiddenValueClass {
+    private static final Path CLASSES_DIR = Paths.get(Utils.TEST_CLASSES);
+
+    /*
+     * Defines ValueImpl as a hidden class.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void hiddenValueClass() throws Throwable {
+        byte[] bytes = Files.readAllBytes(CLASSES_DIR.resolve("ValueImpl.class"));
+        var lookup = MethodHandles.lookup().defineHiddenClass(bytes, false);
+        var mh = lookup.findConstructor(lookup.lookupClass(), methodType(void.class))
+                                    .asType(methodType(Runnable.class));
+        Runnable r = (Runnable)mh.invokeExact();
+        r.run();
+    }
+}
+
+value class ValueImpl implements Runnable {
+    public void run() {}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/module/ModuleReader/ModuleReaderTest.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/module/ModuleReader/ModuleReaderTest.java
index 6217a4a8954..3cb3641ae97 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/module/ModuleReader/ModuleReaderTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/module/ModuleReader/ModuleReaderTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
-/**
+/*
  * @test
  * @bug 8142968 8300228
  * @library /test/lib
@@ -45,9 +45,9 @@
 import java.net.URL;
 import java.net.URLConnection;
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
-import java.nio.file.Paths;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Optional;
@@ -68,11 +68,7 @@
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
 
 public class ModuleReaderTest {
-    private static final String TEST_SRC = System.getProperty("test.src");
-
-    private static final Path USER_DIR   = Paths.get(System.getProperty("user.dir"));
-    private static final Path SRC_DIR    = Paths.get(TEST_SRC, "src");
-    private static final Path MODS_DIR   = Paths.get("mods");
+    private static final Path MODS_DIR = Path.of("mods");
 
     // the module name of the base module
     private static final String BASE_MODULE = "java.base";
@@ -122,7 +118,8 @@ public class ModuleReaderTest {
     // resources in test module (can't use module-info.class as a test
     // resource as it will be modified by the jmod tool)
     private static final String[] TEST_RESOURCES = {
-        "p/Main.class"
+        "p/Main.class",
+        "p/test.txt"
     };
 
     // (directory) resources that may be in the test module
@@ -153,11 +150,34 @@ public class ModuleReaderTest {
     };
 
     @BeforeAll
-    public static void compileTestModule() throws Exception {
-        // javac -d mods/$TESTMODULE src/$TESTMODULE/**
-        boolean compiled = CompilerUtils.compile(SRC_DIR.resolve(TEST_MODULE),
-                                                 MODS_DIR.resolve(TEST_MODULE));
+    public static void compileTestModules() throws Exception {
+        // create a simple module-info.java
+        Path srcDir = Path.of("src", TEST_MODULE);
+        Files.createDirectories(srcDir);
+        Files.writeString(srcDir.resolve("module-info.java"), "module " + TEST_MODULE + " {}");
+
+        // write and compile test class "p.Main"
+        Path pkgPath = Path.of("p");
+        Path javaSrc = srcDir.resolve(pkgPath).resolve("Main.java");
+        Files.createDirectories(javaSrc.getParent());
+        Files.writeString(javaSrc,
+                """
+                package p;
+                public class Main {
+                    public static void main(String[] args) { }
+                }
+                """);
+
+        // javac -d <outDir> <srcDir>/**
+        Path outDir = MODS_DIR.resolve(TEST_MODULE);
+        boolean compiled = CompilerUtils.compile(srcDir, outDir);
         assertTrue(compiled, "test module did not compile");
+
+        // add two versions of a resource to allow for preview mode testing
+        Files.writeString(outDir.resolve(pkgPath).resolve("test.txt"), "Original");
+        Path previewDir = outDir.resolve("META-INF", "preview").resolve(pkgPath);
+        Files.createDirectories(previewDir);
+        Files.writeString(previewDir.resolve("test.txt"), "Preview Version");
     }
 
     /**
@@ -222,15 +242,72 @@ public void testExplodedModule() throws IOException {
         test(MODS_DIR);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Test the ModuleReader used for the JDK exploded image. A module finder for
+     * a JDK exploded image can be created to locate resources in META-INF/preview
+     * when running with preview feature enabled. This test exercises the ModuleReader
+     * obtained when the module finder is created with preview features enabled and
+     * disabled.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testExplodedImage() throws IOException {
+        // preview features disabled
+        ModuleFinder finder = ModulePath.ofExplodedImage(MODS_DIR, null, false);
+        try (ModuleReader reader = finder.find(TEST_MODULE).get().open()) {
+            testReader(reader, "p/test.txt", "Original");
+            testReader(reader, "META-INF/preview/p/test.txt", "Preview Version");
+        }
+
+        // preview features enabled
+        ModuleFinder previewFinder = ModulePath.ofExplodedImage(MODS_DIR, null, true);
+        try (ModuleReader reader = previewFinder.find(TEST_MODULE).get().open()) {
+            testReader(reader, "p/test.txt", "Preview Version");
+            assertFalse(reader.find("META-INF/preview/p/test.txt").isPresent(), "unexpected preview resource");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test that a ModuleReader locates, opens and reads a resource.
+     */
+    private void testReader(ModuleReader reader, String name, String expectedContent) throws IOException {
+        // check resource is found and that the URI locates the resource
+        Optional<URI> ouri = reader.find(name);
+        assertTrue(ouri.isPresent(), "resource not found: " + name);
+        URI uri = ouri.get();
+        assertTrue(uri.getPath().endsWith(name), "unexpected URI path component: " + uri);
+
+        // read resource bytes with input stream
+        Optional<InputStream> oin = reader.open(name);
+        assertTrue(oin.isPresent(), "resource cannot be opened: " + name);
+        byte[] bytes;
+        try (InputStream in = oin.get()) {
+            bytes = in.readAllBytes();
+        }
+
+        // read resource bytes into byte buffer
+        Optional<ByteBuffer> obb = reader.read(name);
+        assertTrue(obb.isPresent(), "resource cannot be read: " + name);
+        ByteBuffer bb = obb.get();
+        try {
+            assertEquals(ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes), bb, "resource bytes differ: " + name);
+        } finally {
+            reader.release(bb);
+        }
+
+        // test that resource has the expected contents
+        byte[] expectedBytes = expectedContent.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+        assertArrayEquals(expectedBytes, bytes, "unexpected content");
+    }
+
     /**
      * Test ModuleReader with module in modular JAR.
      */
     @Test
     public void testModularJar() throws IOException {
-        Path dir = Files.createTempDirectory(USER_DIR, "mlib");
+        Path dir = Files.createTempDirectory(Path.of("."), "mlib");
 
         // jar cf mlib/${TESTMODULE}.jar -C mods .
-        JarUtils.createJarFile(dir.resolve("m.jar"),
+        JarUtils.createJarFile(dir.resolve(TEST_MODULE + ".jar"),
                                MODS_DIR.resolve(TEST_MODULE));
 
         test(dir);
@@ -241,11 +318,11 @@ public void testModularJar() throws IOException {
      */
     @Test
     public void testJMod() throws IOException {
-        Path dir = Files.createTempDirectory(USER_DIR, "mlib");
+        Path dir = Files.createTempDirectory(Path.of("."), "mlib");
 
         // jmod create --class-path mods/${TESTMODULE}  mlib/${TESTMODULE}.jmod
         String cp = MODS_DIR.resolve(TEST_MODULE).toString();
-        String jmod = dir.resolve("m.jmod").toString();
+        String jmod = dir.resolve(TEST_MODULE + ".jmod").toString();
         String[] args = { "create", "--class-path", cp, jmod };
         ToolProvider jmodTool = ToolProvider.findFirst("jmod")
                 .orElseThrow(() ->
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/ref/ReferenceEnqueuePending.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/ref/ReferenceEnqueuePending.java
index 50bec341b40..b596925ae10 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/ref/ReferenceEnqueuePending.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/ref/ReferenceEnqueuePending.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -22,17 +22,21 @@
  */
 
 /* @test
- * @bug 4243978
+ * @bug 4243978 8336671
  * @summary Test if Reference.enqueue() works properly with pending references
  */
 import java.lang.ref.*;
+import java.util.Arrays;
 
 public class ReferenceEnqueuePending {
-    static class NumberedWeakReference extends WeakReference<Integer> {
+
+    record Numbered(int number) {}
+
+    static class NumberedWeakReference extends WeakReference<Numbered> {
         //  Add an integer to identify the weak reference object.
         int number;
 
-        NumberedWeakReference(Integer referent, ReferenceQueue<Integer> q, int i) {
+        NumberedWeakReference(Numbered referent, ReferenceQueue<Numbered> q, int i) {
             super(referent, q);
             number = i;
         }
@@ -53,30 +57,30 @@ public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
         // priority, so that they can race also on a uniprocessor.
         raisePriority();
 
-        ReferenceQueue<Integer> refQueue = new ReferenceQueue<>();
+        ReferenceQueue<Numbered> refQueue = new ReferenceQueue<>();
 
         // Our objective is to let the mutator enqueue
         // a Reference object that may already be in the
         // pending state because of having been identified
         // as weakly reachable at a previous garbage collection.
-        // To this end, we create many Reference objects, each with a
-        // a unique integer object as its referant.
+        // To this end, we create many Reference objects, each with
+        // a unique Numbered object as its referant.
         // We let the referents become eligible for collection,
         // while racing with the garbage collector which may
         // have pended some of these Reference objects.
-        // Finally we check that all of the Reference objects
-        // end up on the their queue. The test was originally
+        // Finally, we check that all of the Reference objects
+        // end up on their queue. The test was originally
         // submitted to show that such races could break the
         // pending list and/or the reference queue, because of sharing
         // the same link ("next") for maintaining both lists, thus
         // losing some of the Reference objects on either queue.
 
-        Integer obj = new Integer(0);
+        Numbered obj = new Numbered(0);
         NumberedWeakReference weaky = new NumberedWeakReference(obj, refQueue, 0);
         for (int i = 1; i < iterations; i++) {
-            // Create a new object, dropping the onlY strong reference to
-            // the previous Integer object.
-            obj = new Integer(i);
+            // Create a new object, dropping the only strong reference to
+            // the previous Numbered object.
+            obj = new Numbered(i);
             // Trigger gc each gc_trigger iterations.
             if ((i % gc_trigger) == 0) {
                 forceGc(0);
@@ -87,7 +91,7 @@ public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
             }
             // Remember the Reference objects, for testing later.
             b[i - 1] = weaky;
-            // Get a new weaky for the Integer object just
+            // Get a new weaky for the Numbered object just
             // created, which may be explicitly enqueued in
             // our next trip around the loop.
             weaky = new NumberedWeakReference(obj, refQueue, i);
@@ -112,7 +116,7 @@ public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
         System.out.println("Test passed.");
     }
 
-    private static NumberedWeakReference waitForReference(ReferenceQueue<Integer> queue) {
+    private static NumberedWeakReference waitForReference(ReferenceQueue<Numbered> queue) {
         try {
             return (NumberedWeakReference) queue.remove(30000); // 30sec
         } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
@@ -120,7 +124,7 @@ private static NumberedWeakReference waitForReference(ReferenceQueue<Integer> qu
         }
     }
 
-    private static void checkResult(ReferenceQueue<Integer> queue,
+    private static void checkResult(ReferenceQueue<Numbered> queue,
                                     int expected) {
         if (debug) {
             System.out.println("Reading the queue");
@@ -149,7 +153,7 @@ private static void checkResult(ReferenceQueue<Integer> queue,
         }
 
         // Sort the first "length" elements in array "a[]".
-        sort(length);
+        Arrays.sort(a, 0, length);
 
         boolean fail = (length != expected);
         for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
@@ -191,23 +195,6 @@ private static void forceGc(long millis) throws InterruptedException {
         Thread.sleep(millis);
     }
 
-    // Bubble sort the first "length" elements in array "a".
-    private static void sort(int length) {
-        int hold;
-        if (debug) {
-            System.out.println("Sorting. Length=" + length);
-        }
-        for (int pass = 1; pass < length; pass++) {    // passes over the array
-            for (int i = 0; i < length - pass; i++) {  //  a single pass
-                if (a[i] > a[i + 1]) {  // then swap
-                    hold = a[i];
-                    a[i] = a[i + 1];
-                    a[i + 1] = hold;
-                }
-            }  // End of i loop
-        } // End of pass loop
-    }
-
     // Raise thread priority so as to increase the
     // probability of the mutator succeeding in enqueueing
     // an object that is still in the pending state.
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag/BasicAccessFlagTest.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag/BasicAccessFlagTest.java
index d2ee6a2434e..2b0e0eac53e 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag/BasicAccessFlagTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag/BasicAccessFlagTest.java
@@ -142,6 +142,8 @@ public void testMaskToAccessFlagsPositive() {
                 Set<AccessFlag> computedSet =
                     AccessFlag.maskToAccessFlags(accessFlag.mask(), location);
                 if (!expectedSet.equals(computedSet)) {
+                    System.out.println("expected: " + expectedSet);
+                    System.out.println("computed: " + computedSet);
                     throw new RuntimeException("Bad set computation on " +
                                                accessFlag + ", " + location);
                 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag/ClassAccessFlagPreviewTest.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag/ClassAccessFlagPreviewTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ec197e4e928
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag/ClassAccessFlagPreviewTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8266670 8291734 8296743 8294866
+ * @summary Test expected AccessFlag's on classes.
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @enablePreview false
+ * @run main ClassAccessFlagPreviewTest
+ * @enablePreview true
+ * @run main ClassAccessFlagPreviewTest
+ */
+
+import java.lang.annotation.*;
+import java.lang.reflect.*;
+import java.util.*;
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
+
+/*
+ * Class access flags that can directly or indirectly declared in
+ * source include:
+ * public, private, protected, static, final, interface, abstract,
+ * annotation, enum.
+ *
+ * Additionally, the access flags super and synthetic cannot be
+ * explicitly applied.
+ *
+ * This test is written on top of the facilities of core reflection.
+ *
+ * Note that core reflection does not offer a supported mechanism to
+ * return the Class object created from a module-info.class
+ * file. Therefore, this test does not attempt to probe the setting of
+ * that access flag.
+ */
+@ExpectedClassFlags(value = "[PUBLIC, FINAL, SUPER]",
+        preview = "[PUBLIC, FINAL, IDENTITY]")
+public final class ClassAccessFlagPreviewTest {
+    public static void main(String... args) {
+        // Top-level and auxiliary classes; i.e. non-inner classes
+        Class<?>[] testClasses = {
+            ClassAccessFlagPreviewTest.class,
+            TestInterface.class,
+            TestFinalClass.class,
+            TestAbstractClass.class,
+            TestAbstractValueClass.class,
+            TestPrivateAbstractClass.class,
+            TestPrivateAbstractValueClass.class,
+            StaticTestInterface.class,
+            TestMarkerAnnotation.class,
+            ExpectedClassFlags.class,
+            TestOuterEnum.class
+        };
+        checkClasses(testClasses);
+
+        // Nested classes of ClassAccessFlagPreviewTest
+        checkClasses(ClassAccessFlagPreviewTest.class.getDeclaredClasses());
+
+        checkPrimitives();
+        checkArrays();
+    }
+
+    private static void checkClasses(Class<?>[] classes) {
+        for (var clazz : classes) {
+            checkClass(clazz);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void checkClass(Class<?> clazz) {
+        ExpectedClassFlags expected =
+            clazz.getAnnotation(ExpectedClassFlags.class);
+        if (expected != null) {
+            String actual = clazz.accessFlags().toString();
+            String expectedFlags = (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() && !expected.preview().isEmpty())
+                    ? expected.preview() : expected.value();
+            if (!expectedFlags.equals(actual)) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("On " + clazz +
+                                           " expected " + expected +
+                                           " got " + actual);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void checkPrimitives() {
+        final Class<?>[] primitives = {
+            byte.class,
+            int.class,
+            long.class,
+            short.class,
+            char.class,
+            float.class,
+            double.class,
+            boolean.class,
+            void.class // same access flag rules
+        };
+
+        var expected = Set.of(AccessFlag.PUBLIC,
+                              AccessFlag.FINAL,
+                              AccessFlag.ABSTRACT);
+
+        for(var primClass : primitives) {
+            var accessFlags = primClass.accessFlags();
+            if (!accessFlags.equals(expected)) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected flags on " +
+                                           primClass);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static boolean containsAny(Set<AccessFlag> input,
+                                       Set<AccessFlag> test) {
+        var copy = new HashSet<>(input);
+        return copy.removeAll(test);
+    }
+
+    private static void checkArrays() {
+        Class<?>[] accessClasses = {
+            PublicInterface.class,
+            ProtectedInterface.class,
+            PrivateInterface.class,
+        };
+
+        for (var accessClass : accessClasses) {
+            AccessFlag accessLevel;
+            var flags = accessClass.accessFlags();
+            if (flags.contains(AccessFlag.PUBLIC))
+                accessLevel = AccessFlag.PUBLIC;
+            else if (flags.contains(AccessFlag.PROTECTED))
+                accessLevel = AccessFlag.PROTECTED;
+            else if (flags.contains(AccessFlag.PRIVATE))
+                accessLevel = AccessFlag.PRIVATE;
+            else
+                accessLevel = null;
+
+            var arrayClass = accessClass.arrayType();
+            // Access modifier must match on the array type
+            if (accessLevel != null) {
+                if (!arrayClass.accessFlags().contains(accessLevel)) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Mismatched access flags on " +
+                                               arrayClass);
+                }
+            } else {
+                if (containsAny(arrayClass.accessFlags(),
+                                Set.of(AccessFlag.PUBLIC,
+                                       AccessFlag.PROTECTED,
+                                       AccessFlag.PRIVATE))) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected access flags on " +
+                                               arrayClass);
+                }
+            }
+            // Verify IDENTITY, ABSTRACT, FINAL, and access mode
+            Set<AccessFlag> expected = new HashSet<>(4);
+            expected.add(AccessFlag.ABSTRACT);
+            expected.add(AccessFlag.FINAL);
+            expected.add(AccessFlag.IDENTITY);
+            if (accessLevel != null)
+                expected.add(accessLevel);
+            if (!expected.equals(arrayClass.accessFlags())) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected access flags for array: " + accessClass +
+                        ": actual: " + arrayClass.accessFlags() +
+                        ", expected: " + expected);
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    // inner classes and interfaces; possible flags on INNER_CLASS
+    // locations:
+    // PUBLIC, PRIVATE, PROTECTED, STATIC, FINAL, INTERFACE, ABSTRACT,
+    // SYNTHETIC, ANNOTATION, ENUM.
+    // Include cases for classes with identity, value modifier, or no modifier.
+
+    @ExpectedClassFlags("[PUBLIC, STATIC, INTERFACE, ABSTRACT]")
+    public      interface PublicInterface {}
+    @ExpectedClassFlags("[PROTECTED, STATIC, INTERFACE, ABSTRACT]")
+    protected   interface ProtectedInterface {}
+    @ExpectedClassFlags("[PRIVATE, STATIC, INTERFACE, ABSTRACT]")
+    private     interface PrivateInterface {}
+    @ExpectedClassFlags("[STATIC, INTERFACE, ABSTRACT]")
+    /*package*/ interface PackageInterface {}
+
+    @ExpectedClassFlags(value = "[FINAL]",
+            preview = "[FINAL, IDENTITY]")
+    /*package*/ final class TestFinalClass {}
+
+    @ExpectedClassFlags(value = "[ABSTRACT]",
+            preview = "[IDENTITY, ABSTRACT]")
+    /*package*/ abstract class TestAbstractClass {}
+
+    @ExpectedClassFlags(value = "[ABSTRACT]",
+            preview = "[ABSTRACT]")
+    /*package*/ abstract value class TestAbstractValueClass {}
+
+    @ExpectedClassFlags("[STATIC, INTERFACE, ABSTRACT, ANNOTATION]")
+    /*package*/ @interface TestMarkerAnnotation {}
+
+    @ExpectedClassFlags(value = "[PUBLIC, STATIC, FINAL, ENUM]",
+            preview = "[PUBLIC, STATIC, FINAL, IDENTITY, ENUM]")
+    public enum MetaSynVar {
+        QUUX;
+    }
+
+    // Is there is at least one special enum constant, the enum class
+    // itself is implicitly abstract rather than final.
+    @ExpectedClassFlags(value = "[PROTECTED, STATIC, ABSTRACT, ENUM]",
+            preview = "[PROTECTED, STATIC, IDENTITY, ABSTRACT, ENUM]")
+    protected enum MetaSynVar2 {
+        WOMBAT{
+            @Override
+            public int foo() {return 42;}
+        };
+        public abstract int foo();
+    }
+
+    @ExpectedClassFlags(value = "[PRIVATE, ABSTRACT]",
+            preview = "[PRIVATE, IDENTITY, ABSTRACT]")
+    private abstract class TestPrivateAbstractClass {}
+
+    @ExpectedClassFlags(value = "[PRIVATE, ABSTRACT]",
+            preview = "[PRIVATE, ABSTRACT]")
+    private abstract value class TestPrivateAbstractValueClass {}
+
+    @ExpectedClassFlags("[STATIC, INTERFACE, ABSTRACT]")
+    interface StaticTestInterface {}
+}
+
+@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
+@ExpectedClassFlags("[INTERFACE, ABSTRACT, ANNOTATION]")
+@interface ExpectedClassFlags {
+    String value();
+    String preview() default "";
+}
+
+@ExpectedClassFlags("[INTERFACE, ABSTRACT]")
+interface TestInterface {}
+
+
+@ExpectedClassFlags(value="[FINAL, SUPER, ENUM]",
+        preview="[FINAL, IDENTITY, ENUM]")
+enum TestOuterEnum {
+    INSTANCE;
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag/ClassAccessFlagTest.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag/ClassAccessFlagTest.java
index 1c80c29dc9b..f5e606003f2 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag/ClassAccessFlagTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag/ClassAccessFlagTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8266670 8291734 8296743
+ * @requires !java.enablePreview
  * @summary Test expected AccessFlag's on classes.
  */
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag/SuperAccessFlagTest.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag/SuperAccessFlagTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1adcbc08771
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag/SuperAccessFlagTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8301720
+ * @summary Test expected value of SUPER AccessFlag for pre-ValueClass .class file
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @compile -source 25 -target 25 SuperAccessFlagTest.java
+ * @run main SuperAccessFlagTest
+ */
+
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassModel;
+import java.lang.reflect.AccessFlag;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
+
+/*
+ * Test expected value of ACC_SUPER access flag on an earlier release.
+ * We test against class files because core reflection automatically upgrades
+ * outdated access flags to the latest flags.
+ */
+@ExpectedClassFlags("[PUBLIC, SUPER]")
+public class SuperAccessFlagTest {
+    public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
+        checkClass(SuperAccessFlagTest.class);
+        checkClass(ExpectedClassFlags.class);
+    }
+
+    private static void checkClass(Class<?> clazz) throws Exception {
+        ExpectedClassFlags expected =
+                clazz.getAnnotation(ExpectedClassFlags.class);
+        if (expected != null) {
+            // Examine stable representation in class files
+            ClassModel cm;
+            try (InputStream is = clazz.getResourceAsStream("/" + clazz.getName().replace('.', '/') + ".class")) {
+                cm = ClassFile.of().parse(is.readAllBytes());
+            }
+            check(clazz, expected, cm.flags().flags());
+
+            if (!PreviewFeatures.isEnabled()) {
+                // Hotspot performs automatic flag translations, so no preview
+                check(clazz, expected, clazz.accessFlags());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void check(Class<?> clazz, ExpectedClassFlags expected, Set<AccessFlag> flags) {
+        String actual = flags.toString();
+        if (!expected.value().equals(actual)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("On " + clazz +
+                    " expected " + expected.value() +
+                    " got " + actual);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
+@ExpectedClassFlags("[INTERFACE, ABSTRACT, ANNOTATION]")
+@interface ExpectedClassFlags {
+    String value();
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag/VersionedLocationsTest.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag/VersionedLocationsTest.java
index 29130cbec38..25f71325c3a 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag/VersionedLocationsTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag/VersionedLocationsTest.java
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ private static void testFlagVersionConsistency() {
             for (var location : AccessFlag.Location.values()) {
                 if (location.flags().contains(flag) != flag.locations().contains(location)) {
                     throw new RuntimeException(String.format("AccessFlag and Location inconsistency:" +
-                            "flag %s and location %s are inconsistent for the latest version"));
+                            "flag %s and location %s are inconsistent for the latest version", flag, location));
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ private static void testFlagVersionConsistency() {
                 for (var location : AccessFlag.Location.values()) {
                     if (location.flags(cffv).contains(flag) != flag.locations(cffv).contains(location)) {
                         throw new RuntimeException(String.format("AccessFlag and Location inconsistency:" +
-                                "flag %s and location %s are inconsistent for class file version %s"));
+                                "flag %s and location %s are inconsistent for class file version %s", flag, location, cffv));
                     }
                 }
             }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/Field/AccessStrictInitInClinit.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/Field/AccessStrictInitInClinit.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..95c1fc3ff07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/Field/AccessStrictInitInClinit.java
@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test Field access to a strictly-initialized static field when initializing
+ *     the field's class.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @build ${test.main.class}
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor AccessStrictInitInClinit$TestClass
+ * @run junit/othervm ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.VarHandle;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictInit;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.function.ThrowingConsumer;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ValueSource;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+class AccessStrictInitInClinit {
+
+    static ThrowingConsumer<Field> thunk;
+
+    /**
+     * Test class with a strictly-initialized static field.
+     */
+    static class TestClass {
+        @StrictInit
+        static Object aStaticField;
+
+        static {
+            if (thunk != null) {
+                try {
+                    Field f = TestClass.class.getDeclaredField("aStaticField");
+                    thunk.accept(f);
+                } catch (Throwable e) {
+                    fail(e);
+                }
+            }
+            aStaticField = new Object();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * The class bytes for this class.
+         */
+        private final static LazyConstant<byte[]> CLASS_BYTES = LazyConstant.of(() -> {
+            String rn = TestClass.class.getName() + ".class";
+            InputStream in = TestClass.class.getResourceAsStream(rn);
+            assertNotNull(in);
+            try (in) {
+                return in.readAllBytes();
+            } catch (IOException ioe) {
+                fail(ioe);
+                return null;
+            }
+        });
+
+        /**
+         * Define a class with a strictly-initialized static field. Perform the given
+         * action with the reflected Field before the field has been initialized.
+         */
+        static void executeBeforeFieldSet(ThrowingConsumer<Field> consumer) {
+            thunk = consumer;
+            try {
+                var _ = MethodHandles.lookup().defineHiddenClass(CLASS_BYTES.get(), true);
+            } catch (Throwable e) {
+                fail(e);
+            } finally {
+                thunk = null;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test Field.set/get to access field when initializing the field's class.
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @ValueSource(booleans = { false, true })
+    void testFieldSetGet(boolean accessible) throws Exception {
+        TestClass.executeBeforeFieldSet(f -> {
+            assertTrue(f.isStrictInit());
+            f.setAccessible(accessible);
+
+            // Field.get before initialized
+            assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> f.get(null));
+
+            // initialize with Field.set
+            Object value = new Object();
+            f.set(null, value);
+            assertSame(value, f.get(null));
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test setter/getter method handles produced from a Field to access field when
+     * initializing the field's class.
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @ValueSource(booleans = { false, true })
+    void testUnreflectSetterGetter(boolean accessible) {
+        TestClass.executeBeforeFieldSet(f -> {
+            assertTrue(f.isStrictInit());
+            f.setAccessible(accessible);
+            MethodHandle setter = MethodHandles.lookup().unreflectSetter(f);
+            MethodHandle getter = MethodHandles.lookup().unreflectGetter(f);
+
+            // invoke MH getter before initialized
+            assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> {
+                var _ = (Object) getter.invokeExact();
+            });
+
+            // initialize with MH setter
+            Object value = new Object();
+            setter.invokeExact(value);
+            assertSame(value, f.get(null));
+            assertSame(value, (Object) getter.invokeExact());
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test VarHandle produced from a Field to access field when initializing the field's class.
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @ValueSource(booleans = { false, true })
+    void testUnreflectVarHandle(boolean accessible) {
+        TestClass.executeBeforeFieldSet(f -> {
+            assertTrue(f.isStrictInit());
+            f.setAccessible(accessible);
+            VarHandle vh = MethodHandles.lookup().unreflectVarHandle(f);
+
+            // use VH get before initialized
+            assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> vh.get());
+            assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> vh.getAndSet(new Object()));
+
+            // initialize with VH set
+            Object value1 = new Object();
+            Object value2 = new Object();
+            vh.set(value1);
+            assertSame(value1, f.get(null));
+            assertSame(value1, vh.get());
+            assertSame(value1, vh.getAndSet(value2));
+            assertSame(value2, f.get(null));
+            assertSame(value2, vh.get());
+        });
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/Field/IsStrictInitTest.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/Field/IsStrictInitTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..94b6805ad9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/Field/IsStrictInitTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test Field::isStrictInit on fields that have ACC_STRICT_INIT set or not set
+ *     in a selection of class file versions. ACC_STRICT_INIT is considered not set when
+ *     the class file version is not 71.65535.
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @run junit/othervm ${test.main.class}
+ * @run junit/othervm --enable-preview ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+import java.lang.constant.ClassDesc;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.ACC_FINAL;
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY;
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.ACC_STATIC;
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.ACC_STRICT_INIT;
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.JAVA_8_VERSION;
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.JAVA_25_VERSION;
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION;
+import static java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs.CD_Object;
+import static java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs.CD_int;
+import static java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs.CLASS_INIT_NAME;
+import static java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs.INIT_NAME;
+import static java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs.MTD_void;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+class IsStrictInitTest {
+
+    /**
+     * Class file versions to test and whether to set the ACC_STRICT_INIT flag on the fields.
+     */
+    static Stream<Arguments> testCases() {
+        var cases = new ArrayList<Arguments>();
+        cases.add(Arguments.arguments(JAVA_8_VERSION, 0, false));
+        cases.add(Arguments.arguments(JAVA_8_VERSION, 0, true));
+        cases.add(Arguments.arguments(JAVA_25_VERSION, 0, false));
+        cases.add(Arguments.arguments(JAVA_25_VERSION, 0, true));
+        cases.add(Arguments.arguments(ClassFile.latestMajorVersion(), 0, false));
+        cases.add(Arguments.arguments(ClassFile.latestMajorVersion(), 0, true));
+        if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled()) {
+            cases.add(Arguments.arguments(ClassFile.latestMajorVersion(), PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION, false));
+            cases.add(Arguments.arguments(ClassFile.latestMajorVersion(), PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION, true));
+        }
+        return cases.stream();
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("testCases")
+    void testIsStrictInit(int majorVersion, int minorVersion, boolean strictInit) throws Exception {
+        byte[] classBytes = buildClass(majorVersion, minorVersion, strictInit);
+        Class<?> clazz = MethodHandles.lookup()
+                .defineHiddenClass(classBytes, false)
+                .lookupClass();
+
+        // ACC_STRICT_INIT flag should be ignored when not 71.65535
+        boolean expectStrictInit = strictInit && (minorVersion == PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION);
+
+        // static field
+        Field f1 = clazz.getDeclaredField("aStaticField");
+        System.err.format("%s, accessFlags = %s%n", f1, f1.accessFlags());
+        assertTrue(Modifier.isStatic(f1.getModifiers()));
+        assertEquals(expectStrictInit, f1.isStrictInit());
+
+        // instance field
+        Field f2 = clazz.getDeclaredField("aField");
+        System.err.format("%s, accessFlags = %s%n", f2, f2.accessFlags());
+        assertFalse(Modifier.isStatic(f2.getModifiers()));
+        assertEquals(expectStrictInit, f2.isStrictInit());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the class bytes for a class with a final static and final instance field.
+     * @param majorVersion major class file version
+     * @param minorVersion minor class file version
+     * @param strictInit true to set the ACC_STRICT_INIT flag on the fields
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("preview")
+    private byte[] buildClass(int majorVersion, int minorVersion, boolean strictInit) {
+        ClassDesc generateDesc = ClassDesc.of("TestClass");
+        int flags = ACC_FINAL | (strictInit ? ACC_STRICT_INIT : 0);
+        return ClassFile.of().build(generateDesc, builder -> builder
+                .withVersion(majorVersion, minorVersion)
+                .withFlags(ACC_IDENTITY)
+                .withField("aField", CD_int, flags)
+                .withField("aStaticField", CD_int,  ACC_STATIC | flags)
+                .withMethodBody(INIT_NAME, MTD_void, 0, cb -> cb
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .bipush(42)
+                        .putfield(generateDesc, "aField", CD_int)
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .invokespecial(CD_Object, INIT_NAME, MTD_void)
+                        .return_())
+                .withMethodBody(CLASS_INIT_NAME, MTD_void, ACC_STATIC, cb -> cb
+                        .bipush(73)
+                        .putstatic(generateDesc, "aStaticField", CD_int)
+                        .return_()));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/Field/StrictInitFinalFields.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/Field/StrictInitFinalFields.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a055dd00fe5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/Field/StrictInitFinalFields.java
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test Field access to strictly-initialized final fields
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @build ${test.main.class}
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor StrictInitFinalFields$TestClass
+ * @run junit/othervm --enable-final-field-mutation=ALL-UNNAMED ${test.main.class}
+ * @run junit/othervm --illegal-final-field-mutation=allow ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles.Lookup;
+import java.lang.invoke.VarHandle;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictInit;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+class StrictInitFinalFields {
+
+    /**
+     * Test class with strictly-initialized final fields.
+     */
+    static class TestClass {
+        @StrictInit
+        private static final int DEFAULT_VALUE;
+        static {
+            DEFAULT_VALUE = 100;
+        }
+
+        @StrictInit
+        private final int value;
+
+        TestClass() {
+            this.value = DEFAULT_VALUE;
+            super();
+        }
+
+        TestClass(int i) {
+            this.value = i;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get/set strictly initialized static field.
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testStaticField() throws Throwable {
+        Field field = TestClass.class.getDeclaredField("DEFAULT_VALUE");
+        assertTrue(field.isStrictInit());
+
+        int initialValue = TestClass.DEFAULT_VALUE;
+        int newValue = initialValue + 100;
+
+        // Field.get/set before setAccessible
+        assertEquals(initialValue, field.get(null));
+        assertThrows(IllegalAccessException.class, () -> field.set(null, newValue));
+
+        field.setAccessible(true);
+
+        // Field.get/set after setAccessible
+        assertEquals(initialValue, field.get(null));
+        assertThrows(IllegalAccessException.class, () -> field.set(null, newValue));
+
+        // VarHandle produced from reflected field
+        var lookup = MethodHandles.lookup();
+        VarHandle vh = lookup.unreflectVarHandle(field);
+        assertEquals(initialValue, vh.get());
+        assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> vh.set(newValue));
+
+        // Method handles produced from reflected field
+        assertEquals(initialValue, (int) lookup.unreflectGetter(field).invokeExact());
+        assertThrows(IllegalAccessException.class, () -> lookup.unreflectSetter(field));
+
+        MethodHandle mh = lookup.findStaticGetter(TestClass.class, "DEFAULT_VALUE", int.class);
+        assertEquals(initialValue, (int) mh.invokeExact());
+        assertThrows(IllegalAccessException.class,
+                () -> lookup.findStaticSetter(TestClass.class, "DEFAULT_VALUE", int.class));
+
+        assertEquals(initialValue, TestClass.DEFAULT_VALUE);  // check unchanged
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get/set strictly initialized instance field.
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testInstanceField() throws Throwable {
+        Field field = TestClass.class.getDeclaredField("value");
+        assertTrue(field.isStrictInit());
+
+        var obj = new TestClass(150);
+        int initialValue = obj.value;
+        int newValue = initialValue + 100;
+
+        // Field.get/set before setAccessible
+        assertEquals(initialValue, field.get(obj));
+        assertThrows(IllegalAccessException.class, () -> field.set(obj, newValue));
+
+        // Field.get/set after setAccessible
+        field.setAccessible(true);
+        assertEquals(initialValue, field.get(obj));
+        assertThrows(IllegalAccessException.class, () -> field.set(obj, newValue));
+
+        // VarHandle produced from reflected field
+        var lookup = MethodHandles.lookup();
+        VarHandle vh = lookup.unreflectVarHandle(field);
+        assertEquals(initialValue, vh.get(obj));
+        assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> vh.set(obj, newValue));
+
+        // Method handles produced from reflected field
+        assertEquals(initialValue, (int) lookup.unreflectGetter(field).invokeExact(obj));
+        assertThrows(IllegalAccessException.class, () -> lookup.unreflectSetter(field));
+
+        MethodHandle mh = lookup.findGetter(TestClass.class, "value", int.class);
+        assertEquals(initialValue, (int) mh.invokeExact(obj));
+        assertThrows(IllegalAccessException.class,
+                () -> lookup.findSetter(TestClass.class, "value", int.class));
+
+        assertEquals(initialValue, obj.value);  // check unchanged
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/valhalla/ValueClassesReflectionTest.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/valhalla/ValueClassesReflectionTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..296549236f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/reflect/valhalla/ValueClassesReflectionTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8334334
+ * @summary reflection test for value classes
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile ValueClassesReflectionTest.java
+ * @run testng/othervm ValueClassesReflectionTest
+ */
+
+import java.lang.annotation.*;
+import java.lang.constant.ClassDesc;
+import java.lang.reflect.*;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
+import org.testng.annotations.*;
+import static org.testng.Assert.*;
+
+@Test
+public class ValueClassesReflectionTest {
+    final static int numberOfFields = 2;
+
+    value class ValueClass {
+        private int i = 0;
+        private String s = "";
+    }
+    abstract value class AValueClass {
+        private int i = 0;
+        private String s = "";
+    }
+    value record ValueRecord(int i, String s) {}
+
+    class Inner {}
+
+    @DataProvider(name = "valueClasses")
+    public Object[][] valueClassesData() {
+        return List.of(
+                ValueClass.class,
+                AValueClass.class,
+                ValueRecord.class
+        ).stream().map(c -> new Object[] {c}).toArray(Object[][]::new);
+    }
+
+    @Test(dataProvider = "valueClasses")
+    public void testValueClasses(Class<?> cls) {
+        assertTrue(cls.isValue());
+        Set<AccessFlag> accessFlagSet = cls.accessFlags();
+        assertTrue(!accessFlagSet.contains(AccessFlag.IDENTITY));
+    }
+
+    @DataProvider(name = "notValueClasses")
+    public Object[][] notSealedClassesData() {
+        return List.of(
+                Inner.class,
+                Object.class,
+                Void.class, Void[].class,
+                byte[].class, Byte[].class,
+                short[].class, Short[].class,
+                char[].class, Character[].class,
+                int[].class, Integer[].class,
+                long[].class, Long[].class,
+                float[].class, Float[].class,
+                double[].class, Double[].class,
+                boolean[].class, Boolean[].class,
+                String.class, String[].class
+        ).stream().map(c -> new Object[] {c}).toArray(Object[][]::new);
+    }
+
+    @Test(dataProvider = "notValueClasses")
+    public void testNotValueClasses(Class<?> cls) {
+        assertTrue(!cls.isValue(), " failing for class " + cls);
+    }
+
+    @Test(dataProvider = "valueClasses")
+    public void testValueClassReflection(Class<?> valueClass) throws ReflectiveOperationException {
+        assertTrue(valueClass.isValue());
+        Field[] fields = valueClass.getDeclaredFields();
+        assertTrue(fields.length == numberOfFields);
+        for (Field field : fields) {
+            int mod = field.getModifiers();
+            assertTrue((mod & Modifier.STRICT) != 0);
+            assertTrue((mod & Modifier.FINAL) != 0);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/ArrayObjectMethods.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/ArrayObjectMethods.java
index 3d3e928b08c..a33b399bfdf 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/ArrayObjectMethods.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/ArrayObjectMethods.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,12 +27,19 @@
  * @summary Basic test for content-based array object methods
  * @author  Josh Bloch, Martin Buchholz
  * @key randomness
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
 import java.util.*;
 import java.io.*;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.AsValueClass;
+
 public class ArrayObjectMethods {
+
+    @AsValueClass
+    record V(int x, int y) implements Serializable {}
+
     int[] sizes = {0, 10, 100, 200, 1000};
 
     void test(String[] args) throws Throwable {
@@ -290,11 +297,11 @@ public static float nextFloat() {
     }
 
     public static Object nextObject() {
-        switch(rnd.nextInt(10)) {
+        switch(rnd.nextInt(12)) {
             case 0:  return null;
             case 1:  return "foo";
-            case 2:  case 3: case 4:
-                     return Double.valueOf(nextDouble());
+            case 2: case 3: case 4: return Double.valueOf(nextDouble());
+            case 5: case 6: return nextV();
             default: return Integer.valueOf(nextInt());
         }
     }
@@ -362,6 +369,17 @@ public static Object[] flatObjectArray(int length) {
         return result;
     }
 
+    public static ArrayObjectMethods.V nextV() {
+        return new ArrayObjectMethods.V(nextInt(), nextInt());
+    }
+
+    public static ArrayObjectMethods.V[] vArray(int length) {
+        ArrayObjectMethods.V[] result = new ArrayObjectMethods.V[length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
+            result[i] = nextV();
+        return result;
+    }
+
     // Calling this for length >> 100 is likely to run out of memory!  It
     // should be perhaps be tuned to allow for longer arrays
     public static Object[] nestedObjectArray(int length) {
@@ -386,6 +404,10 @@ public static Object[] nestedObjectArray(int length) {
                          break;
                 case 8:  result[i] = longArray(length/2);
                          break;
+                case 9:  result[i] = vArray(length/2);
+                         break;
+                case 10: result[i] = nextV();
+                         break;
                 default: result[i] = Rnd.nextObject();
             }
         }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/ArraysEqCmpTest.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/ArraysEqCmpTest.java
index 5e987746771..940118c3fa9 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/ArraysEqCmpTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/ArraysEqCmpTest.java
@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 8033148 8141409
  * @summary tests for array equals and compare
+ * @library /test/lib
  * @run junit ArraysEqCmpTest
 */
 
-
 import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
 import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
 import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
@@ -43,6 +43,8 @@
 import java.util.function.LongFunction;
 import java.util.stream.IntStream;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.AsValueClass;
+
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInstance;
@@ -57,6 +59,24 @@ public class ArraysEqCmpTest {
 
     static final Map<Class, Integer> typeToWidth;
 
+    @AsValueClass
+    record Point(int x, int y) implements Comparable<Point> {
+        @Override
+        public int compareTo(Point o) {
+            int r = Integer.compare(this.x, o.x);
+            return (r != 0) ? r : Integer.compare(this.y, o.y);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @AsValueClass
+    record BoxedPoint(Integer x, Integer y) implements Comparable<BoxedPoint> {
+        @Override
+        public int compareTo(BoxedPoint o) {
+            int r = Integer.compare(this.x, o.x);
+            return (r != 0) ? r : Integer.compare(this.y, o.y);
+        }
+    }
+
     static {
         typeToWidth = new HashMap<>();
         typeToWidth.put(boolean.class, Byte.SIZE);
@@ -588,6 +608,42 @@ else if (v instanceof Integer) {
                 ((double[]) a)[i] = pv;
             }
         }
+
+        static class ValuePoints extends ArrayType<Point[]> {
+            public ValuePoints() {
+                super(Point[].class);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            void set(Object a, int i, Object v) {
+                if (v == null) {
+                    ((Point[]) a)[i] = null;
+                } else if (v instanceof Point) {
+                    ((Point[]) a)[i] = (Point) v;
+                } else if (v instanceof Integer) {
+                    int val = (Integer) v;
+                    ((Point[]) a)[i] = new Point(val, val);
+                } else throw new IllegalStateException();
+            }
+        }
+
+        static class ValueBoxedPoints extends ArrayType<BoxedPoint[]> {
+            public ValueBoxedPoints() {
+                super(BoxedPoint[].class);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            void set(Object a, int i, Object v) {
+                if (v == null) {
+                    ((BoxedPoint[]) a)[i] = null;
+                } else if (v instanceof BoxedPoint) {
+                    ((BoxedPoint[]) a)[i] = (BoxedPoint) v;
+                } else if (v instanceof Integer) {
+                    int val = (Integer) v;
+                    ((BoxedPoint[]) a)[i] = new BoxedPoint(val, val);
+                } else throw new IllegalStateException();
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     static Object[][] arrayTypes;
@@ -609,6 +665,8 @@ public static Object[][] arrayTypesProvider() {
                     new Object[]{new ArrayType.Longs(true)},
                     new Object[]{new ArrayType.Floats()},
                     new Object[]{new ArrayType.Doubles()},
+                    new Object[]{new ArrayType.ValuePoints()},
+                    new Object[]{new ArrayType.ValueBoxedPoints()}
             };
         }
         return arrayTypes;
@@ -639,6 +697,8 @@ public static Object[][] objectArrayTypesProvider() {
             objectArrayTypes = new Object[][]{
                     new Object[]{new ArrayType.BoxedIntegers()},
                     new Object[]{new ArrayType.BoxedIntegersWithReverseComparator()},
+                    new Object[]{new ArrayType.ValuePoints()},
+                    new Object[]{new ArrayType.ValueBoxedPoints()},
             };
         }
         return objectArrayTypes;
@@ -767,37 +827,37 @@ public void testSameRefElementsInObjectArray(ArrayType<?> arrayType) {
         // One ref
         Integer one = 1;
         testArrayType(arrayType,
-                      (at, s) -> {
-                          Integer[] a = (Integer[]) at.construct(s);
-                          for (int x = 0; x < s; x++) {
-                              a[x] = one;
-                          }
-                          return a;
-                      },
-                      cloner);
+                    (at, s) -> {
+                        Object a = at.construct(s);
+                            for (int x = 0; x < s; x++) {
+                                at.set(a, x, one);
+                            }
+                        return a;
+                    },
+                    cloner);
 
         // All ref
         testArrayType(arrayType,
-                      (at, s) -> {
-                          Integer[] a = (Integer[]) at.construct(s);
-                          for (int x = 0; x < s; x++) {
-                              a[x] = Integer.valueOf(s);
-                          }
-                          return a;
-                      },
-                      cloner);
+                    (at, s) -> {
+                        Object a = at.construct(s);
+                        for (int x = 0; x < s; x++) {
+                            at.set(a, x, s);
+                        }
+                        return a;
+                    },
+                    cloner);
 
         // Some same ref
         testArrayType(arrayType,
-                      (at, s) -> {
-                          Integer[] a = (Integer[]) at.construct(s);
-                          for (int x = 0; x < s; x++) {
-                              int v = x % 8;
-                              a[x] = v == 1 ? one : new Integer(v);
-                          }
-                          return a;
-                      },
-                      cloner);
+                    (at, s) -> {
+                        Object a = at.construct(s);
+                        for (int x = 0; x < s; x++) {
+                            int v = x % 8;
+                            at.set(a, x, v == 1 ? one : v);
+                        }
+                        return a;
+                    },
+                    cloner);
     }
 
     @ParameterizedTest
@@ -1122,4 +1182,4 @@ static void testThrowable(Runnable r, Class<? extends Throwable> expected) {
         Assertions.assertNotNull(caught);
         Assertions.assertTrue(expected.isInstance(caught));
     }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/AsList.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/AsList.java
index b02f1dcbe68..ed0fcea4508 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/AsList.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/AsList.java
@@ -25,14 +25,19 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 8155600
  * @summary Tests for Arrays.asList()
+ * @library /test/lib
  * @run junit AsList
  */
 
+import java.time.LocalDate;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
+import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.stream.IntStream;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.AsValueClass;
+
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInstance;
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
@@ -41,6 +46,10 @@
 
 @TestInstance(TestInstance.Lifecycle.PER_CLASS)
 public class AsList {
+
+    @AsValueClass
+    record V(int x) {}
+
     /*
      * Iterator contract test
      */
@@ -74,7 +83,12 @@ public static Object[][] arrays() {
             { new Object[] { null, null, null } },
             { new Object[] { 1, 2, 3, null, 4 } },
             { new Object[] { "a", "a", "a", "a" } },
-            { IntStream.range(0, 100).boxed().toArray() }
+            { IntStream.range(0, 100).boxed().toArray() },
+            { new Object[] { new V(1), new V(2), null, new V(3) } },
+            { new Object[] { Integer.valueOf(1), Integer.valueOf(2), null, Integer.valueOf(3) } },
+            { new Object[] { LocalDate.of(2000, 1, 1), LocalDate.of(2000, 12, 31), LocalDate.now() } },
+            { new Object[] { Optional.of(1), Optional.empty(), Optional.of("a") } },
+            { new Object[] { Boolean.TRUE, Boolean.FALSE, null } }
         };
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/Big.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/Big.java
index 1d40b39b846..730ae7b2618 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/Big.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/Big.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2006, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2006, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
  * @bug 5045582
  * @summary arrays larger than 1<<30
  * @author Martin Buchholz
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
 // A proper regression test for 5045582 requires too much memory.
@@ -34,8 +35,18 @@
 
 import java.util.*;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.AsValueClass;
+
 public class Big {
 
+    @AsValueClass
+    record Point(int x, int y) implements Comparable<Point> {
+        public int compareTo(Point o) {
+            int c = Integer.compare(x, o.x);
+            return c != 0 ? c : Integer.compare(y, o.y);
+        }
+    }
+
     private static void realMain(String[] args) throws Throwable {
         final int shift = intArg(args, 0, 10); // "30" is real test
         final int tasks = intArg(args, 1, ~0); // all tasks
@@ -94,6 +105,34 @@ private static void realMain(String[] args) throws Throwable {
             equal(a[n-3],  43);
             equal(a[n-4],   0);
         }
+
+        // To test value record arrays larger than 1<<30, you need ~25GB. Run like:
+        // java --enable-preview -Xms25g -Xmx25g Big 30 4
+        if ((tasks & 0x4) != 0) {
+            System.out.println("Point[]");
+            System.gc();
+            Point[] a = new Point[n];
+            Point ZERO = new Point(0, 0);
+            Arrays.fill(a, ZERO);
+            a[0]   = new Point(-44, -44);
+            a[1]   = new Point(-43, -43);
+            a[n-2] = new Point(+43, +43);
+            a[n-1] = new Point(+44, +44);
+            for (int i : new int[] { 0, 1, n-2, n-1 })
+                try { equal(i, Arrays.binarySearch(a, a[i])); }
+                catch (Throwable t) { unexpected(t); }
+            for (int i : new int[] { n-2, n-1 })
+                try { equal(i, Arrays.binarySearch(a, n-5, n, a[i])); }
+                catch (Throwable t) { unexpected(t); }
+
+            a[n-19] = new Point(45, 45);
+            try { Arrays.sort(a, n-29, n); }
+            catch (Throwable t) { unexpected(t); }
+            equal(a[n-1], new Point(45, 45));
+            equal(a[n-2], new Point(44, 44));
+            equal(a[n-3], new Point(43, 43));
+            equal(a[n-4], new Point(0, 0));
+        }
     }
 
     //--------------------- Infrastructure ---------------------------
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/CopyMethods.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/CopyMethods.java
index 4e38e8adf21..44a098d402f 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/CopyMethods.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/CopyMethods.java
@@ -27,11 +27,15 @@
  * @summary Test for array cloning and slicing methods.
  * @author  John Rose
  * @key randomness
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
+import java.time.LocalDate;
 import java.util.*;
 import java.lang.reflect.*;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.AsValueClass;
+
 public class CopyMethods {
     static int muzzle;  // if !=0, suppresses ("muzzles") messages
 
@@ -42,6 +46,9 @@ public class CopyMethods {
     static int testCasesRun = 0;
     static long consing = 0;
 
+    @AsValueClass
+    record Point(int x, int y) {}
+
     // very simple tests, mainly to test the framework itself
     static void simpleTests() {
         int[] a = (int[]) makeArray(3, int.class);
@@ -353,6 +360,9 @@ static void fullTests() {
     static float   coerceToFloat(int x) { return x; }
     static double  coerceToDouble(int x) { return x; }
     static boolean coerceToBoolean(int x) { return (x&1) != 0; }
+    static Point coerceToPoint(int x) { return (x == 0) ? null : new Point(x, x); }
+    static LocalDate coerceToLocalDate(int x) { return (x == 0) ? null : LocalDate.ofEpochDay(x); }
+    static Optional coerceToOptional(int x) { return (x == 0) ? null : Optional.of(x); }
 
     static Integer[] copyOfIntegerArray(Object[] a, int len) {
         // This guy exercises the API based on a type-token.
@@ -370,7 +380,8 @@ static Integer[] copyOfIntegerArrayRange(Object[] a, int m, int n) {
                         {   Object.class, String.class, Integer.class,
                             byte.class, short.class, int.class, long.class,
                             char.class, float.class, double.class,
-                            boolean.class
+                            boolean.class, LocalDate.class, Optional.class,
+                            Point.class,
                         });
     static final HashMap<Class<?>,Method> coercers;
     static final HashMap<Class<?>,Method> cloners;
@@ -417,6 +428,12 @@ static Integer[] copyOfIntegerArrayRange(Object[] a, int m, int n) {
         cloners.put(Integer.class, cia);
         assert(ciar != null);
         cloneRangers.put(Integer.class, ciar);
+        cloners.put(Point.class, cloners.get(Object.class));
+        cloneRangers.put(Point.class, cloneRangers.get(Object.class));
+        cloners.put(LocalDate.class, cloners.get(Object.class));
+        cloneRangers.put(LocalDate.class, cloneRangers.get(Object.class));
+        cloners.put(Optional.class, cloners.get(Object.class));
+        cloneRangers.put(Optional.class, cloneRangers.get(Object.class));
         nullValues = new HashMap<Class<?>,Object>();
         for (Class<?> c : allTypes) {
             nullValues.put(c, invoke(coercers.get(c), 0));
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/Correct.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/Correct.java
index dce169bb0fc..bfec43951b7 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/Correct.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/Correct.java
@@ -26,11 +26,14 @@
  * @bug 4726380 8037097
  * @summary Check that different sorts give equivalent results.
  * @key randomness
+ * @library /test/lib
  * @run junit Correct
  */
 
 import java.util.*;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.AsValueClass;
+
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInstance;
@@ -44,18 +47,59 @@ public class Correct {
     static final int ITERATIONS = 1000;
     static final int TEST_SIZE = 1000;
 
+    @AsValueClass
+    record Point(int x, int y) implements Comparable<Point> {
+        public int compareTo(Point o) {
+            int c = Integer.compare(x, o.x);
+            return c != 0 ? c : Integer.compare(y, o.y);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testDefaultSortPoint() {
+        for (int i=0; i<ITERATIONS; i++) {
+            int size = rnd.nextInt(TEST_SIZE) + 1;
+            Point[] array1 = getPointArray(size);
+            Point[] array2 = Arrays.copyOf(array1, array1.length);
+            Arrays.sort(array1, array1.length/3, array1.length/2);
+            stupidSort(array2, array2.length/3, array2.length/2);
+            Assertions.assertArrayEquals(array2, array1, "Arrays did not match. size=" + size);
+        }
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testDefaultSort() {
         for (int i=0; i<ITERATIONS; i++) {
             int size = rnd.nextInt(TEST_SIZE) + 1;
-            Integer[] array1 = getIntegerArray(size);
-            Integer[] array2 = Arrays.copyOf(array1, array1.length);
+            Comparable[] array1 = getIntegerArray(size);
+            Comparable[] array2 = Arrays.copyOf(array1, array1.length);
             Arrays.sort(array1, array1.length/3, array1.length/2);
             stupidSort(array2, array2.length/3, array2.length/2);
             Assertions.assertArrayEquals(array2, array1, "Arrays did not match. size=" + size);
         }
     }
 
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("pointComparators")
+    public void testComparatorSortPoint(Comparator<Point> comparator) {
+        for (int i=0; i<ITERATIONS; i++) {
+            int size = rnd.nextInt(TEST_SIZE) + 1;
+            Point[] array1 = getPointArray(size);
+            Point[] array2 = Arrays.copyOf(array1, array1.length);
+            Arrays.sort(array1, array1.length/3, array1.length/2, comparator);
+            stupidSort(array2, array2.length/3, array2.length/2, comparator);
+            Assertions.assertArrayEquals(array2, array1, "Arrays did not match. size=" + size);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Point[] getPointArray(int size) {
+        Point[] blah = new Point[size];
+        for (int x=0; x<size; x++) {
+            blah[x] = new Point(rnd.nextInt(), rnd.nextInt());
+        }
+        return blah;
+    }
+
     @ParameterizedTest
     @MethodSource("comparators")
     public void testComparatorSort(Comparator<Integer> comparator) {
@@ -64,7 +108,7 @@ public void testComparatorSort(Comparator<Integer> comparator) {
             Integer[] array1 = getIntegerArray(size);
             Integer[] array2 = Arrays.copyOf(array1, array1.length);
             Arrays.sort(array1, array1.length/3, array1.length/2, comparator);
-            stupidSort(array2, array2.length/3, array2.length/2, comparator);
+            stupidSort((Object[])array2, array2.length/3, array2.length/2, comparator);
             Assertions.assertArrayEquals(array2, array1, "Arrays did not match. size=" + size);
         }
     }
@@ -77,15 +121,15 @@ static Integer[] getIntegerArray(int size) {
         return blah;
     }
 
-    static void stupidSort(Integer[] a1, int from, int to) {
-        if (from > to - 1 )
-          return;
+    static void stupidSort(Comparable[] a1, int from, int to) {
+        if (from > to - 1)
+            return;
 
         for (int x=from; x<to; x++) {
-            Integer lowest = a1[x];
+            Comparable lowest = a1[x];
             int lowestIndex = x;
             for (int y=x + 1; y<to; y++) {
-                if (((Comparable)a1[y]).compareTo((Comparable)lowest) < 0) {
+                if (a1[y].compareTo(lowest) < 0) {
                     lowest = a1[y];
                     lowestIndex = y;
                 }
@@ -96,12 +140,13 @@ static void stupidSort(Integer[] a1, int from, int to) {
         }
     }
 
-    static void stupidSort(Integer[] a1, int from, int to, Comparator<Integer> comparator) {
-        if (from > to - 1 )
-          return;
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    static void stupidSort(Object[] a1, int from, int to, Comparator comparator) {
+        if (from > to - 1)
+            return;
 
         for (int x=from; x<to; x++) {
-            Integer lowest = a1[x];
+            Object lowest = a1[x];
             int lowestIndex = x;
             for (int y=x + 1; y<to; y++) {
                 if (comparator.compare(a1[y], lowest) < 0) {
@@ -121,6 +166,17 @@ static <T> void swap(T[] x, int a, int b) {
         x[b] = t;
     }
 
+    public static Iterator<Object[]> pointComparators() {
+        Object[][] comparators = new Object[][] {
+            new Object[] { Comparator.naturalOrder() },
+            new Object[] { Comparator.<Point>naturalOrder().reversed() },
+            new Object[] { Comparator.comparingInt(Point::x).thenComparingInt(Point::y) },
+            new Object[] { Comparator.comparingInt(Point::y).thenComparingInt(Point::x) }
+        };
+
+        return Arrays.asList(comparators).iterator();
+    }
+
     public static Iterator<Object[]> comparators() {
         Object[][] comparators = new Object[][] {
             new Object[] { Comparator.naturalOrder() },
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/Fill.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/Fill.java
index 8512b64a7a2..d9322f03a9c 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/Fill.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/Fill.java
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
  * @bug 4229892
  * @summary Arrays.fill(Object[], ...) should throw ArrayStoreException
  * @author Martin Buchholz
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
 import java.io.*;
@@ -33,7 +34,13 @@
 import java.util.concurrent.*;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.AsValueClass;
+
 public class Fill {
+
+    @AsValueClass
+    static record MyValue(int value) {};
+
     private static void realMain(String[] args) throws Throwable {
         try {
             Arrays.fill(new Integer[3], "foo");
@@ -55,6 +62,20 @@ private static void realMain(String[] args) throws Throwable {
         }
         catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { pass(); }
         catch (Throwable t) { unexpected(t); }
+
+        try {
+            Arrays.fill(new MyValue[3], "foo");
+            fail("Expected ArrayStoreException");
+        }
+        catch (ArrayStoreException e) { pass(); }
+        catch (Throwable t) { unexpected(t); }
+
+        try {
+            Arrays.fill(new MyValue[3], 0, 4, "foo");
+            fail("Expected ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException");
+        }
+        catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { pass(); }
+        catch (Throwable t) { unexpected(t); }
     }
 
     //--------------------- Infrastructure ---------------------------
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/HashCode.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/HashCode.java
index f821abcb1ff..bceb43abf1a 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/HashCode.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/HashCode.java
@@ -24,14 +24,23 @@
 /**
  * @test
  * @summary Basic array hashCode functionality
+ * @library /test/lib
  * @run main/othervm --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.util=ALL-UNNAMED
  *     --add-opens java.base/jdk.internal.util=ALL-UNNAMED -Xcomp -Xbatch HashCode
  */
 
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
 import java.util.Arrays;
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.AsValueClass;
 
 public class HashCode {
+
+    @AsValueClass
+    static class Point {
+        int x, y;
+        Point(int x, int y) {this.x = x; this.y = y;}
+    }
+
     private static String[] tests = { "", " ", "a", "abcdefg",
             "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way- in short, the period was so far like the present period, that some of its noisiest authorities insisted on its being received, for good or for evil, in the superlative degree of comparison only.  -- Charles Dickens, Tale of Two Cities",
             "C'était le meilleur des temps, c'était le pire des temps, c'était l'âge de la sagesse, c'était l'âge de la folie, c'était l'époque de la croyance, c'était l'époque de l'incrédulité, c'était la saison de la Lumière, c'était C'était la saison des Ténèbres, c'était le printemps de l'espoir, c'était l'hiver du désespoir, nous avions tout devant nous, nous n'avions rien devant nous, nous allions tous directement au Ciel, nous allions tous directement dans l'autre sens bref, la période ressemblait tellement à la période actuelle, que certaines de ses autorités les plus bruyantes ont insisté pour qu'elle soit reçue, pour le bien ou pour le mal, au degré superlatif de la comparaison seulement. -- Charles Dickens, Tale of Two Cities (in French)",
@@ -167,8 +176,34 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             failed = true;
         }
 
+        try {
+            testValueClassArrayHashCode();
+            System.out.println("value class array hashCode tests passed");
+        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
+            failed = true;
+        }
+
         if (failed) {
             throw new RuntimeException("Some tests failed");
         }
     }
+
+    private static void testValueClassArrayHashCode() {
+        Point[] a = {new Point(1, 2), new Point(3, 4)};
+        Point[] b = {new Point(1, 2), new Point(3, 4)}; // distinct instances, same fields
+        int hashA = Arrays.hashCode(a);
+        int hashB = Arrays.hashCode(b);
+        if (Point.class.isValue()) {
+            if (hashA != hashB) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("testValueClassArrayHashCode: expected equal hash codes " +
+                    "for equal value class arrays, got " + hashA + " and " + hashB);
+            }
+            // Repeated calls should produce the same array hash code
+            if (hashA != Arrays.hashCode(a)) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("testValueClassArrayHashCode: " +
+                    "hash code not consistent across repeated calls");
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/SetAllTest.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/SetAllTest.java
index 25a229d23d4..371e7e7a56b 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/SetAllTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/SetAllTest.java
@@ -25,17 +25,20 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 8012650
  * @summary Unit test for setAll, parallelSetAll variants
+ * @library /test/lib
  * @run junit SetAllTest
  */
 
-
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.function.IntFunction;
 import java.util.function.IntToDoubleFunction;
 import java.util.function.IntToLongFunction;
 import java.util.function.IntUnaryOperator;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.AsValueClass;
+
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.fail;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
@@ -94,6 +97,24 @@ public class SetAllTest {
         { "fill", 3, fillDouble, new double[] { 3.14, 3.14, 3.14 }}
     };
 
+    @AsValueClass
+    record Point(int x, int y) { }
+
+    private static final IntFunction<Point> toPoint = i -> new Point(i, i * 2);
+    private static final IntFunction<Point> fillPoint = i -> new Point(0, 0);
+    private static final Point[] pr0  = {};
+    private static final Point[] pr1  = { new Point(0, 0) };
+    private static final Point[] pr10 = { new Point(0,0), new Point(1, 2), new Point(2, 4),
+            new Point(3, 6), new Point(4, 8), new Point(5, 10), new Point(6, 12),
+            new Point(7, 14), new Point(8, 16), new Point(9, 18) };
+
+    private Object[][] pointData = new Object[][] {
+            { "empty", 0, toPoint, pr0 },
+            { "one",   1, toPoint, pr1 },
+            { "ten",  10, toPoint, pr10 },
+            { "fill",  3, fillPoint, new Point[] { new Point(0,0), new Point(0,0), new Point(0,0) }}
+    };
+
     public Object[][] stringTests() { return stringData; }
 
     public Object[][] intTests() { return intData; }
@@ -102,7 +123,9 @@ public class SetAllTest {
 
     public Object[][] doubleTests() { return doubleData; }
 
-    @ParameterizedTest
+    public Object[][] pointTests() { return pointData; }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest(name = "{0}, size={1}, data={3}")
     @MethodSource("stringTests")
     public void testSetAllString(String name, int size, IntFunction<String> generator, String[] expected) {
         String[] result = new String[size];
@@ -115,7 +138,7 @@ public void testSetAllString(String name, int size, IntFunction<String> generato
         Assertions.assertArrayEquals(expected, result, "parallelSetAll(String[], IntFunction<String>) case " + name + " failed.");
     }
 
-    @ParameterizedTest
+    @ParameterizedTest(name = "{0}, size={1}, data={3}")
     @MethodSource("intTests")
     public void testSetAllInt(String name, int size, IntUnaryOperator generator, int[] expected) {
         int[] result = new int[size];
@@ -128,7 +151,7 @@ public void testSetAllInt(String name, int size, IntUnaryOperator generator, int
         Assertions.assertArrayEquals(expected, result, "parallelSetAll(int[], IntUnaryOperator) case " + name + " failed.");
     }
 
-    @ParameterizedTest
+    @ParameterizedTest(name = "{0}, size={1}, data={3}")
     @MethodSource("longTests")
     public void testSetAllLong(String name, int size, IntToLongFunction generator, long[] expected) {
         long[] result = new long[size];
@@ -151,7 +174,7 @@ private void assertDoubleArrayEquals(double[] actual, double[] expected, double
         }
     }
 
-    @ParameterizedTest
+    @ParameterizedTest(name = "{0}, size={1}, data={3}")
     @MethodSource("doubleTests")
     public void testSetAllDouble(String name, int size, IntToDoubleFunction generator, double[] expected) {
         double[] result = new double[size];
@@ -164,6 +187,18 @@ public void testSetAllDouble(String name, int size, IntToDoubleFunction generato
         assertDoubleArrayEquals(result, expected, 0.05, "setAll(double[], IntToDoubleFunction) case " + name + " failed.");
     }
 
+    @ParameterizedTest(name = "{0}, size={1}, data={3}")
+    @MethodSource("pointTests")
+    public void testSetAllPoint(String name, int size, IntFunction<Point> generator, Point[] expected) {
+        Point[] result = new Point[size];
+        Arrays.setAll(result, generator);
+        Assertions.assertArrayEquals(expected, result, "setAll(Point[], IntFunction<Point>) case " + name + " failed.");
+
+        result = new Point[size];
+        Arrays.parallelSetAll(result, generator);
+        Assertions.assertArrayEquals(expected, result, "parallelSetAll(Point[], IntFunction<Point>) case " + name + " failed.");
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testStringSetNulls() {
         String[] ar = new String[2];
@@ -279,4 +314,18 @@ public void testDoubleSetNulls() {
             // expected
         }
     }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testPointSetNulls() {
+        Point[] ar = new Point[2];
+
+        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> Arrays.setAll(
+            (Point[]) null, (IntFunction<Point>) i -> new Point(i, i)));
+        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> Arrays.parallelSetAll(
+            (Point[]) null, (IntFunction<Point>) i -> new Point(i, i)));
+        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> Arrays.setAll(
+            ar, (IntFunction<Point>) null));
+        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> Arrays.parallelSetAll(
+            ar, (IntFunction<Point>) null));
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/Sorting.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/Sorting.java
index f285b0c65b7..3e2ab741e31 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/Sorting.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/Sorting.java
@@ -23,8 +23,9 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @compile/module=java.base java/util/SortingHelper.java
  * @bug 6880672 6896573 6899694 6976036 7013585 7018258 8003981 8226297
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @compile/module=java.base java/util/SortingHelper.java
  * @build Sorting
  * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:DisableIntrinsic=_arraySort,_arrayPartition Sorting -shortrun
  * @run main/othervm -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:CompileCommand=CompileThresholdScaling,java.util.DualPivotQuicksort::sort,0.0001 Sorting -shortrun
@@ -40,6 +41,8 @@
 import java.util.Random;
 import java.util.SortingHelper;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.AsValueClass;
+
 public class Sorting {
 
     private static final PrintStream out = System.out;
@@ -71,6 +74,13 @@ public class Sorting {
     private Object[] gold;
     private Object[] test;
 
+    @AsValueClass
+    record Point(int x, int y) implements Comparable<Point> {
+        public int compareTo(Point p) {
+            return Integer.compare(x * x + y * y, p.x * p.x + p.y * p.y);
+        }
+    }
+
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
         boolean shortRun = args.length > 0 && args[0].equals("-shortrun");
@@ -142,9 +152,28 @@ private void testAll(int length) {
         for (TestRandom random : randoms) {
             testRange(length, random);
             testStability(length, random);
+            testValueClass(length, random);
         }
     }
 
+    private void testValueClass(int length, TestRandom random) {
+        printTestName("Test value class (Point[])", random, length);
+
+        Point[] points = new Point[length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+            points[i] = new Point(random.nextInt(10) - 5, random.nextInt(10) - 5);
+        }
+
+        sortingHelper.sort(points);
+        checkSorted(points);
+
+        Comparator<Point> byXThenY = Comparator.comparingInt(Point::x).thenComparingInt(Point::y);
+        sortingHelper.sort(points, byXThenY);
+        checkSorted(points, byXThenY);
+
+        out.println();
+    }
+
     private void testEmptyArray() {
         testEmptyAndNullIntArray();
         testEmptyAndNullLongArray();
@@ -346,6 +375,22 @@ private void checkSorted(Pair[] a) {
         }
     }
 
+    private void checkSorted(Point[] a) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < a.length - 1; i++) {
+            if (a[i].compareTo(a[i + 1]) > 0) {
+                fail("Point array is not sorted at " + i + "-th position: " + a[i] + " and " + a[i + 1]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void checkSorted(Point[] a, Comparator<Point> c) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < a.length - 1; i++) {
+            if (c.compare(a[i], a[i + 1]) > 0) {
+                fail("Point array is not sorted at " + i + "-th position: " + a[i] + " and " + a[i + 1]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     private void checkStable(Pair[] a) {
         for (int i = 0; i < a.length / 4; ) {
             int key1 = a[i].getKey();
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/StreamAndSpliterator.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/StreamAndSpliterator.java
index eaf0b02f369..dfc571971ff 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/StreamAndSpliterator.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/StreamAndSpliterator.java
@@ -28,8 +28,9 @@
  * @run junit StreamAndSpliterator
  */
 
-
+import java.time.LocalDate;
 import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.Spliterators;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
@@ -43,6 +44,11 @@ public void testStreamNPEs() {
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.stream((long[]) null, 0, 0));
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.stream((double[]) null, 0, 0));
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.stream((String[]) null, 0, 0));
+
+        assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.stream((Integer[]) null, 0, 0));
+        assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.stream((Long[]) null, 0, 0));
+        assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.stream((Optional[]) null, 0, 0));
+        assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.stream((LocalDate[]) null, 0, 0));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -53,17 +59,32 @@ public void testStreamAIOBEs() {
         assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.stream(new double[]{}, 1, 0));
         assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.stream(new String[]{}, 1, 0));
 
+        assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.stream(new Integer[]{}, 1, 0));
+        assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.stream(new Long[]{}, 1, 0));
+        assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.stream(new Optional[]{}, 1, 0));
+        assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.stream(new LocalDate[]{}, 1, 0));
+
         // bad origin
         assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.stream(new int[]{}, -1, 0));
         assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.stream(new long[]{}, -1, 0));
         assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.stream(new double[]{}, -1, 0));
         assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.stream(new String[]{}, -1, 0));
 
+        assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.stream(new Integer[]{}, -1, 0));
+        assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.stream(new Long[]{}, -1, 0));
+        assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.stream(new Optional[]{}, -1, 0));
+        assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.stream(new LocalDate[]{}, -1, 0));
+
         // bad fence
         assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.stream(new int[]{}, 0, 1));
         assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.stream(new long[]{}, 0, 1));
         assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.stream(new double[]{}, 0, 1));
         assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.stream(new String[]{}, 0, 1));
+
+        assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.stream(new Integer[]{}, 0, 1));
+        assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.stream(new Long[]{}, 0, 1));
+        assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.stream(new Optional[]{}, 0, 1));
+        assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.stream(new LocalDate[]{}, 0, 1));
     }
 
 
@@ -73,6 +94,11 @@ public void testSpliteratorNPEs() {
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.spliterator((long[]) null, 0, 0));
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.spliterator((double[]) null, 0, 0));
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.spliterator((String[]) null, 0, 0));
+
+        assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.spliterator((Integer[]) null, 0, 0));
+        assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.spliterator((Long[]) null, 0, 0));
+        assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.spliterator((Optional[]) null, 0, 0));
+        assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.spliterator((LocalDate[]) null, 0, 0));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -103,6 +129,11 @@ public void testSpliteratorNPEsFromSpliterators() {
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Spliterators.spliterator((long[]) null, 0, 0, 0));
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Spliterators.spliterator((double[]) null, 0, 0, 0));
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Spliterators.spliterator((String[]) null, 0, 0, 0));
+
+        assertThrowsNPE(() -> Spliterators.spliterator((Integer[]) null, 0, 0, 0));
+        assertThrowsNPE(() -> Spliterators.spliterator((Long[]) null, 0, 0, 0));
+        assertThrowsNPE(() -> Spliterators.spliterator((Optional[]) null, 0, 0, 0));
+        assertThrowsNPE(() -> Spliterators.spliterator((LocalDate[]) null, 0, 0, 0));
     }
 
     @Test
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/largeMemory/ParallelPrefix.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/largeMemory/ParallelPrefix.java
index 8ebf5453187..cf86e415051 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/largeMemory/ParallelPrefix.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/largeMemory/ParallelPrefix.java
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
  * @bug 8014076 8025067
  * @summary unit test for Arrays.ParallelPrefix().
  * @modules java.management jdk.management
+ * @library /test/lib
  * @run junit/othervm -Xms256m -Xmx1024m ParallelPrefix
  */
 
@@ -40,6 +41,8 @@
 import java.util.stream.LongStream;
 import com.sun.management.OperatingSystemMXBean;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.AsValueClass;
+
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
@@ -64,6 +67,9 @@ public class ParallelPrefix {
 
     private static int[] arraySizeCollection;
 
+    @AsValueClass
+    record VInt(int value) {}
+
     @BeforeAll
     public static void setup() {
         java.lang.management.OperatingSystemMXBean bean =
@@ -142,6 +148,15 @@ private static <T, OPS> Object[][] genericData(Function<Integer, T> generateFunc
         return data;
     }
 
+    public static Object[][] valueSet() {
+        Function<Integer, VInt[]> vIntFunc = size ->
+                IntStream.range(0, size).mapToObj(VInt::new).toArray(VInt[]::new);
+        BinaryOperator<VInt> sumOp = (a, b) -> new VInt(a.value() + b.value());
+        BinaryOperator<VInt> minOp = (a, b) -> a.value() <= b.value() ? a : b;
+        return genericData(vIntFunc,
+                (BinaryOperator<VInt>[]) new BinaryOperator[]{sumOp, minOp});
+    }
+
     @ParameterizedTest
     @MethodSource("intSet")
     public void testParallelPrefixForInt(int[] data, int fromIndex, int toIndex, IntBinaryOperator op) {
@@ -210,6 +225,23 @@ public void testParallelPrefixForStringr(String[] data , int fromIndex, int toIn
         assertArraysEqual(Arrays.copyOfRange(sequentialResult, fromIndex, toIndex), parallelRangeResult);
     }
 
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("valueSet")
+    public void testParallelPrefixForValue(VInt[] data, int fromIndex, int toIndex, BinaryOperator<VInt> op) {
+        VInt[] sequentialResult = data.clone();
+        for (int index = fromIndex + 1; index < toIndex; index++) {
+            sequentialResult[index] = op.apply(sequentialResult[index - 1], sequentialResult[index]);
+        }
+
+        VInt[] parallelResult = data.clone();
+        Arrays.parallelPrefix(parallelResult, fromIndex, toIndex, op);
+        assertArraysEqual(parallelResult, sequentialResult);
+
+        VInt[] parallelRangeResult = Arrays.copyOfRange(data, fromIndex, toIndex);
+        Arrays.parallelPrefix(parallelRangeResult, op);
+        assertArraysEqual(parallelRangeResult, Arrays.copyOfRange(sequentialResult, fromIndex, toIndex));
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testNPEs() {
         // null array
@@ -217,24 +249,28 @@ public void testNPEs() {
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix((long []) null, Long::max));
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix((double []) null, Double::max));
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix((String []) null, String::concat));
+        assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix((VInt[]) null, (a, b) -> new VInt(a.value() + b.value())));
 
         // null array w/ range
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix((int[]) null, 0, 0, Integer::max));
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix((long []) null, 0, 0, Long::max));
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix((double []) null, 0, 0, Double::max));
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix((String []) null, 0, 0, String::concat));
+        assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix((VInt[]) null, 0, 0, (a, b) -> new VInt(a.value() + b.value())));
 
         // null op
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix(new int[] {}, null));
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix(new long[] {}, null));
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix(new double[] {}, null));
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix(new String[] {}, null));
+        assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix(new VInt[] {}, (BinaryOperator<VInt>) null));
 
         // null op w/ range
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix(new int[] {}, 0, 0, null));
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix(new long[] {}, 0, 0, null));
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix(new double[] {}, 0, 0, null));
         assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix(new String[] {}, 0, 0, null));
+        assertThrowsNPE(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix(new VInt[] {}, 0, 0, (BinaryOperator<VInt>) null));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -243,6 +279,7 @@ public void testIAEs() {
         assertThrowsIAE(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix(new long[] {}, 1, 0, Long::max));
         assertThrowsIAE(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix(new double[] {}, 1, 0, Double::max));
         assertThrowsIAE(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix(new String[] {}, 1, 0, String::concat));
+        assertThrowsIAE(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix(new VInt[] {}, 1, 0, (a, b) -> new VInt(a.value() + b.value())));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -252,12 +289,14 @@ public void testAIOOBEs() {
         assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix(new long[] {}, -1, 0, Long::max));
         assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix(new double[] {}, -1, 0, Double::max));
         assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix(new String[] {}, -1, 0, String::concat));
+        assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix(new VInt[] {}, -1, 0, (a, b) -> new VInt(a.value() + b.value())));
 
         // bad "toIndex"
         assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix(new int[] {}, 0, 1, Integer::max));
         assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix(new long[] {}, 0, 1, Long::max));
         assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix(new double[] {}, 0, 1, Double::max));
         assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix(new String[] {}, 0, 1, String::concat));
+        assertThrowsAIOOB(() -> Arrays.parallelPrefix(new VInt[] {}, 0, 1, (a, b) -> new VInt(a.value() + b.value())));
     }
 
     // "library" code
@@ -309,5 +348,14 @@ static void assertArraysEqual(String[] expected, String[] actual) {
                     Arrays.toString(expected), Arrays.toString(actual)), x);
         }
     }
+
+    static void assertArraysEqual(VInt[] actual, VInt[] expected) {
+        try {
+            assertArrayEquals(actual, expected, "");
+        } catch (AssertionError x) {
+            throw new AssertionError(String.format("Expected:%s, actual:%s",
+                    Arrays.toString(expected), Arrays.toString(actual)), x);
+        }
+    }
 }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collection/IteratorAtEnd.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collection/IteratorAtEnd.java
index 76c41afd8b3..31ff1a378b3 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collection/IteratorAtEnd.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collection/IteratorAtEnd.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 6529795
+ * @bug 6529795 8336669
  * @summary next() does not change iterator state if throws NoSuchElementException
  * @author Martin Buchholz
  */
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@
 import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArraySet;
 import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
 import java.util.concurrent.LinkedTransferQueue;
+import java.util.stream.IntStream;
 
 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
 public class IteratorAtEnd {
@@ -96,10 +97,17 @@ static void testCollection(Collection c) {
         } catch (Throwable t) { unexpected(t); }
     }
 
+    // A strong list of reference to map keys to avoid
+    // spurious purges in WeakHashMap
+    private static final List<String> MAP_KEYS = IntStream
+            .range(0, 3 * SIZE)
+            .mapToObj(i -> "BASE-" + i)
+            .toList();
+
     static void testMap(Map m) {
         try {
             for (int i = 0; i < 3*SIZE; i++)
-                m.put(i, i);
+                m.put(MAP_KEYS.get(i), i);
             test(m.values());
             test(m.keySet());
             test(m.entrySet());
@@ -108,6 +116,7 @@ static void testMap(Map m) {
 
     static void test(Collection c) {
         try {
+            assert !c.isEmpty() : "Calling remove on empty iterator will result in IllegalStateException";
             final Iterator it = c.iterator();
             THROWS(NoSuchElementException.class,
                    () -> { while (true) it.next(); });
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collection/MOAT.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collection/MOAT.java
index 5c9480d07b7..fe190cc56c7 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collection/MOAT.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collection/MOAT.java
@@ -26,12 +26,13 @@
  * @bug     6207984 6272521 6192552 6269713 6197726 6260652 5073546 4137464
  *          4155650 4216399 4294891 6282555 6318622 6355327 6383475 6420753
  *          6431845 4802633 6570566 6570575 6570631 6570924 6691185 6691215
- *          4802647 7123424 8024709 8193128 8327858 8368178 8371164
+ *          4802647 7123424 8024709 8193128 8327858 8368178 8346307 8371164
  * @summary Run many tests on many Collection and Map implementations
  * @author  Martin Buchholz
  * @modules java.base/java.util:open
  * @enablePreview
  * @run main MOAT
+ * @run main MOAT --enable-preview
  * @key randomness
  */
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/AddAll.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/AddAll.java
index 99341d0119f..f81e149fad7 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/AddAll.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/AddAll.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,8 +27,11 @@
  * @summary Basic test for Collections.addAll
  * @author  Josh Bloch
  * @key randomness
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
+import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collection;
@@ -46,6 +49,11 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
         test(new LinkedList<Integer>());
         test(new HashSet<Integer>());
         test(new LinkedHashSet<Integer>());
+
+        testTuple(new ArrayList<VClass>());
+        testTuple(new LinkedList<VClass>());
+        testTuple(new HashSet<VClass>());
+        testTuple(new LinkedHashSet<VClass>());
     }
 
     private static Random rnd = new Random();
@@ -55,7 +63,7 @@ static void test(Collection<Integer> c) {
         for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
             int rangeLen = rnd.nextInt(10);
             if (Collections.addAll(c, range(x, x + rangeLen)) !=
-                (rangeLen != 0))
+                    (rangeLen != 0))
                 throw new RuntimeException("" + rangeLen);
             x += rangeLen;
         }
@@ -74,4 +82,29 @@ private static Integer[] range(int from, int to) {
             result[j] = new Integer(i);
         return result;
     }
+
+    static void testTuple(Collection<VClass> c) {
+        int x = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+            int rangeLen = rnd.nextInt(10);
+            if (Collections.addAll(c, rangeTuple(x, x + rangeLen)) !=
+                    (rangeLen != 0))
+                throw new RuntimeException("" + rangeLen);
+            x += rangeLen;
+        }
+        if (c instanceof List) {
+            if (!c.equals(Arrays.asList(rangeTuple(0, x))))
+                throw new RuntimeException(x + ": " + c);
+        } else {
+            if (!c.equals(new HashSet<VClass>(Arrays.asList(rangeTuple(0, x)))))
+                throw new RuntimeException(x + ": " + c);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static VClass[] rangeTuple(int from, int to) {
+        VClass[] result = new VClass[to - from];
+        for (int i = from, j = 0; i < to; i++, j++)
+            result[j] = new VClass(i, new int[] { i });
+        return result;
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/AsLifoQueue.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/AsLifoQueue.java
index c573e32f49b..95825c4c64f 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/AsLifoQueue.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/AsLifoQueue.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,8 +26,10 @@
  * @bug     6301085 6192552 6365601
  * @summary Basic tests for asLifoQueue
  * @author  Martin Buchholz
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
 import java.util.*;
 import java.util.concurrent.*;
 
@@ -72,6 +74,17 @@ private static void realMain(String[] args) throws Throwable {
         } catch (Throwable t) { unexpected(t); }
 
         THROWS(NullPointerException.class, () -> Collections.asLifoQueue(null));
+
+        try {
+            Deque<VClass> deq = new ArrayDeque<>();
+            Queue<VClass> q = Collections.asLifoQueue(deq);
+            check(q.add(new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 })));
+            check(q.add(new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 })));
+            equal(q.peek(), new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 }));
+            equal(q.remove(), new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 }));
+            equal(q.poll(), new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }));
+            check(q.isEmpty());
+        } catch (Throwable t) { unexpected(t); }
     }
 
     //--------------------- Infrastructure ---------------------------
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/BigBinarySearch.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/BigBinarySearch.java
index b10081c7582..5a1681e4a4e 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/BigBinarySearch.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/BigBinarySearch.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2006, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2006, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,8 +26,10 @@
  * @bug 5045582
  * @summary binarySearch of Collections larger than 1<<30
  * @author Martin Buchholz
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
 import java.util.AbstractList;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.Comparator;
@@ -38,6 +40,13 @@
 
 public class BigBinarySearch {
 
+    static class SparseTupleList extends AbstractList<VClass> implements RandomAccess {
+        final Map<Integer, VClass> m = new HashMap<>();
+        public VClass get(int i) { return m.getOrDefault(i, new VClass(0, new int[] { 0 })); }
+        public int size() { return Collections.max(m.keySet()) + 1; }
+        public VClass set(int i, VClass v) { return m.put(i, v); }
+    }
+
     // Allows creation of very "big" collections without using too
     // many real resources
     static class SparseIntegerList
@@ -102,6 +111,14 @@ private static void realMain(String[] args) throws Throwable {
             big.set(i, - big.get(i));
         for (int i : ints)
             checkBinarySearch(big, i, reverse);
+
+        System.out.println("binarySearch(SparseTupleList, Tuple)");
+        SparseTupleList vl = new SparseTupleList();
+        vl.set(0, new VClass(0, new int[] { 0 }));
+        vl.set(1, new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }));
+        vl.set(n - 2, new VClass(n - 2, new int[] { n - 2 }));
+        vl.set(n - 1, new VClass(n - 1, new int[] { n - 1 }));
+        equal(n - 1, Collections.binarySearch(vl, new VClass(n - 1, new int[] { n - 1 })));
     }
 
     //--------------------- Infrastructure ---------------------------
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/BinarySearchNullComparator.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/BinarySearchNullComparator.java
index 62bf55f9b0e..972e252a992 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/BinarySearchNullComparator.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/BinarySearchNullComparator.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2004, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,18 +25,26 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 4528331 5006032
  * @summary Test Collections.binarySearch() with a null comparator
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 
 public class BinarySearchNullComparator {
+
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         List list = Arrays.asList(new String[] {"I", "Love", "You"});
 
         int result = Collections.binarySearch(list, "You", null);
         if (result != 2)
             throw new Exception("Result: " + result);
+
+        List<VClass> values = Arrays.asList(new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }), new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 }), new VClass(3, new int[] { 3 }));
+        int vresult = Collections.binarySearch(values, new VClass(3, new int[] { 3 }), null);
+        if (vresult != 2)
+            throw new Exception("Value result: " + vresult);
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedIdentityMap.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedIdentityMap.java
index d51f5b4fd0a..b0bc6478155 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedIdentityMap.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedIdentityMap.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 6585904
+ * @bug 6585904 8336669
  * @run testng CheckedIdentityMap
  * @summary Checked collections with underlying maps with identity comparisons
  */
@@ -41,18 +41,18 @@ public class CheckedIdentityMap {
 
     @Test
     public void testHashCode() {
-        Map<Integer, Integer> m1 = checkedMap(
-            new IdentityHashMap<Integer, Integer>(),
-            Integer.class, Integer.class);
-        Map<Integer, Integer> m2 = checkedMap(
-            new IdentityHashMap<Integer, Integer>(),
-            Integer.class, Integer.class);
-        // NB: these are unique instances. Compare vs. Integer.valueOf(1)
-        m1.put(new Integer(1), new Integer(1));
-        m2.put(new Integer(1), new Integer(1));
+        Map<String, String> m1 = checkedMap(
+            new IdentityHashMap<>(),
+            String.class, String.class);
+        Map<String, String> m2 = checkedMap(
+            new IdentityHashMap<>(),
+            String.class, String.class);
+        // NB: these are unique instances. Compare vs. "A"
+        m1.put(new String("A"), new String("A"));
+        m2.put(new String("A"), new String("A"));
 
-        Map.Entry<Integer, Integer> e1 = m1.entrySet().iterator().next();
-        Map.Entry<Integer, Integer> e2 = m2.entrySet().iterator().next();
+        Map.Entry<String, String> e1 = m1.entrySet().iterator().next();
+        Map.Entry<String, String> e2 = m2.entrySet().iterator().next();
 
         assertNotEquals(e1, e2);
         assertEquals(e1.hashCode(), hashCode(e1));
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedListBash.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedListBash.java
index b65504bad45..8d19df4dced 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedListBash.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedListBash.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,12 +23,14 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug     4904067
+ * @bug     4904067 8336669
  * @summary Unit test for Collections.checkedList
  * @author  Josh Bloch
  * @key randomness
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
@@ -109,7 +111,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
 
         List s = newList();
         for (int i=0; i<listSize; i++)
-            s.add(new Integer(i));
+            s.add(i);
         if (s.size() != listSize)
             fail("Size of [0..n-1] != n");
 
@@ -147,13 +149,8 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
         itAll = all.listIterator();
         while (itAll.hasNext()) {
             Integer i = (Integer)itAll.next();
-            itAll.set(new Integer(i.intValue()));
+            itAll.set(i);
         }
-        itAll = all.listIterator();
-        it = s.iterator();
-        while (it.hasNext())
-            if (it.next()==itAll.next())
-                fail("Iterator.set failed to change value.");
         if (!all.equals(s))
             fail("Failed to reconstruct ints with ListIterator.");
 
@@ -181,12 +178,13 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
         if (ia != ib || !l.equals(Arrays.asList(ia)))
             fail("toArray(Object[]) is hosed (2)");
         ia = new Integer[listSize+1];
-        ia[listSize] = new Integer(69);
+        ia[listSize] = 69;
         ib = (Integer[]) l.toArray(ia);
         if (ia != ib || ia[listSize] != null
             || !l.equals(Arrays.asList(ia).subList(0, listSize)))
             fail("toArray(Object[]) is hosed (3)");
 
+        testValueCheckedList();
     }
 
     // Done inefficiently so as to exercise toArray
@@ -230,4 +228,19 @@ static void AddRandoms(List s, int n) {
     static void fail(String s) {
         throw new RuntimeException(s);
     }
+
+    static void testValueCheckedList() {
+        List<VClass> list = Collections.checkedList(new ArrayList<>(), VClass.class);
+        list.add(new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }));
+        list.add(new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 }));
+        if (!list.contains(new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 })) || list.indexOf(new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 })) != 1)
+            fail("value checkedList lookup failed");
+        VClass[] a = list.toArray(new VClass[0]);
+        if (!Arrays.asList(a).equals(list))
+            fail("value checkedList toArray failed");
+        try {
+            ((List) list).add("not a Tuple");
+            fail("value checkedList accepted wrong type");
+        } catch (ClassCastException expected) { }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedListReplaceAll.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedListReplaceAll.java
index 19042db24d6..d79a83b2f3d 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedListReplaceAll.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedListReplaceAll.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,12 +26,15 @@
  * @bug     8047795 8053938
  * @summary Ensure that replaceAll operator cannot add bad elements
  * @author  Mike Duigou
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
 import java.util.*;
 import java.util.function.UnaryOperator;
 
 public class CheckedListReplaceAll {
+
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         List unwrapped = Arrays.asList(new Object[]{1, 2, 3});
         List<Object> wrapped = Collections.checkedList(unwrapped, Integer.class);
@@ -57,5 +60,16 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
             thwarted.printStackTrace(System.out);
             System.out.println("Curses! Foiled again!");
         }
+
+        List<VClass> vList = Collections.checkedList(new ArrayList<VClass>(Arrays.asList(new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }))), VClass.class);
+        vList.replaceAll(v -> new VClass(v.x + 1, new int[] { v.x + 1 }));
+        if (!vList.get(0).equals(new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 })))
+            throw new RuntimeException("value checkedList replaceAll failed");
+
+        List raw = Collections.checkedList(new ArrayList<VClass>(Arrays.asList(new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }))), VClass.class);
+        try {
+            raw.replaceAll(e -> "not a Tuple");
+            throw new RuntimeException("value checkedList replaceAll accepted wrong type");
+        } catch (ClassCastException expected) { }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedMapBash.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedMapBash.java
index a8e3fd9e952..8a03f5bca31 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedMapBash.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedMapBash.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,10 +26,12 @@
  * @bug     4904067 5023830 7129185 8072015 8292955
  * @summary Unit test for Collections.checkedMap
  * @author  Josh Bloch
- * @run testng CheckedMapBash
  * @key randomness
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run testng CheckedMapBash
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
 import org.testng.Assert;
 import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
 import org.testng.annotations.Test;
@@ -191,4 +193,18 @@ public static void testCheckedMapMerge() {
         Assert.assertThrows(ClassCastException.class, () -> m.merge("key", "value", (v1, v2) -> null));
         Assert.assertThrows(ClassCastException.class, () -> m.merge("key", 3, (v1, v2) -> v2));
     }
+
+    @Test
+    public static void testValueCheckedMap() {
+        Map<VClass,VClass> m = Collections.checkedMap(new HashMap<>(), VClass.class, VClass.class);
+        m.put(new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }), new VClass(10, new int[] { 10 }));
+        if (!m.containsKey(new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 })) || !m.containsValue(new VClass(10, new int[] { 10 })))
+            fail("value checkedMap lookup failed");
+        if (!new HashMap<>(m).equals(m))
+            fail("value checkedMap equals failed");
+        try {
+            ((Map) m).put("not a Tuple", new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 }));
+            fail("value checkedMap accepted wrong type");
+        } catch (ClassCastException expected) { }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedMapReplaceAll.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedMapReplaceAll.java
index 05c4da3ad5e..6fd4fb45544 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedMapReplaceAll.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedMapReplaceAll.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,12 +26,15 @@
  * @bug     8047795
  * @summary Ensure that replaceAll operator cannot add bad elements
  * @author  Mike Duigou
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
 import java.util.*;
 import java.util.function.BiFunction;
 
 public class CheckedMapReplaceAll {
+
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         Map<Integer,Double> unwrapped = new HashMap<>();
         unwrapped.put(1, 1.0);
@@ -50,5 +53,18 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
             thwarted.printStackTrace(System.out);
             System.out.println("Curses! Foiled again!");
         }
+
+        Map<VClass,VClass> vMap = Collections.checkedMap(new HashMap<>(), VClass.class, VClass.class);
+        vMap.put(new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }), new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 }));
+        vMap.replaceAll((k, v) -> new VClass(v.x + 1, new int[] { v.x + 1 }));
+        if (!vMap.get(new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 })).equals(new VClass(3, new int[] { 3 })))
+            throw new RuntimeException("value checkedMap replaceAll failed");
+
+        Map raw = Collections.checkedMap(new HashMap<VClass,VClass>(), VClass.class, VClass.class);
+        raw.put(new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }), new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 }));
+        try {
+            raw.replaceAll((k, v) -> "not a Tuple");
+            throw new RuntimeException("value checkedMap replaceAll accepted wrong type");
+        } catch (ClassCastException expected) { }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedQueue.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedQueue.java
index fb47e2e5ca1..ea3ebb517b5 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedQueue.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedQueue.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,9 +25,12 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 5020931 8048207
  * @summary Unit test for Collections.checkedQueue
+ * @library /test/lib
  * @run testng CheckedQueue
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
+import java.util.ArrayDeque;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.Queue;
 import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue;
@@ -149,4 +152,16 @@ public void testOffer() {
         // no room at the inn!
         assertFalse(q.offer("1"), "queue should be full");
     }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testValueCheckedQueue() {
+        Queue<VClass> q = Collections.checkedQueue(new ArrayDeque<>(), VClass.class);
+        q.add(new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }));
+        if (!q.peek().equals(new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 })))
+            fail("value checkedQueue peek failed");
+        try {
+            ((Queue) q).add("not a Tuple");
+            fail("value checkedQueue accepted wrong type");
+        } catch (ClassCastException expected) { }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedSetBash.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedSetBash.java
index 16dfb11b449..96780ff178a 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedSetBash.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/CheckedSetBash.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,10 +26,12 @@
  * @bug     4904067 7129185
  * @summary Unit test for Collections.checkedSet
  * @author  Josh Bloch
- * @run testng CheckedSetBash
  * @key randomness
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run testng CheckedSetBash
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
 import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
 import org.testng.annotations.Test;
 
@@ -177,4 +179,21 @@ public static Collection<Object[]> makeCheckedSets() {
         };
         return Arrays.asList(params);
     }
+
+    @Test
+    public static void testValueCheckedSet() {
+        Set<VClass> s = Collections.checkedSet(new HashSet<>(), VClass.class);
+        s.add(new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }));
+        s.add(new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 }));
+        if (!s.contains(new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 })))
+            fail("value checkedSet lookup failed");
+        Set<VClass> copy = Collections.checkedSet(new HashSet<>(), VClass.class);
+        copy.addAll(Arrays.asList(s.toArray(new VClass[0])));
+        if (!s.equals(copy))
+            fail("value checkedSet addAll failed");
+        try {
+            ((Set) s).add("not a Tuple");
+            fail("value checkedSet accepted wrong type");
+        } catch (ClassCastException expected) { }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Disjoint.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Disjoint.java
index 13bdac86d5e..dc109dc5573 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Disjoint.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Disjoint.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,9 +27,12 @@
  * @summary Basic test for Collections.disjoint
  * @author  Josh Bloch
  * @key randomness
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -71,5 +74,11 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
                     throw new RuntimeException("C: " + i + ", " + j);
             }
         }
+
+        List<VClass> va = Arrays.asList(new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }), new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 }));
+        List<VClass> vb = Arrays.asList(new VClass(3, new int[] { 3 }), new VClass(4, new int[] { 4 }));
+        List<VClass> vc = Arrays.asList(new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 }), new VClass(5, new int[] { 5 }));
+        if (!Collections.disjoint(va, vb)) throw new RuntimeException("value disjoint failed");
+        if (Collections.disjoint(va, vc)) throw new RuntimeException("value non-disjoint failed");
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Enum.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Enum.java
index 432d226aaca..3d7b16aa90f 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Enum.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Enum.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,13 +25,18 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 4323074
  * @summary Basic test for new Enumeration -> List converter
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Vector;
 
 public class Enum {
+
+    static final int SIZE = 10;
+
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         int[] sizes = {0, 10, 100};
         for (int i=0; i<sizes.length; i++) {
@@ -43,5 +48,11 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             if (!l.equals(v))
                 throw new Exception("Copy failed: "+size);
         }
+
+        Vector<VClass> vv = new Vector<>();
+        for (int j = 0; j < SIZE; j++) vv.add(new VClass(j, new int[] { j }));
+        List<VClass> vl = Collections.list(vv.elements());
+        if (!vl.equals(vv))
+            throw new RuntimeException("value Enumeration -> List failed");
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/EnumerationAsIterator.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/EnumerationAsIterator.java
index 4901c40303c..3c9da3bfce3 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/EnumerationAsIterator.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/EnumerationAsIterator.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,9 +25,11 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 8072726
  * @summary Tests for Enumeration-to-Iterator conversion.
+ * @library /test/lib
  * @run testng EnumerationAsIterator
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
 import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
 import org.testng.annotations.Test;
 
@@ -46,6 +48,7 @@
 
 @Test
 public class EnumerationAsIterator {
+
     static Object[] of(String description, Supplier<Enumeration<?>> s, Collection<?> exp) {
         return new Object[]{description, s, exp};
     }
@@ -111,7 +114,11 @@ public static Iterator<Object[]> others() {
 
             of("Arrays.asList(...)",
                Arrays.asList("a", "b", "c"),
-               Arrays.asList("a", "b", "c"))
+               Arrays.asList("a", "b", "c")),
+
+            of("Value Collections.enumeration()",
+               () -> Collections.enumeration(Arrays.asList(new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }), new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 }))),
+               Arrays.asList(new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }), new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 })))
         ).iterator();
     }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/FindSubList.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/FindSubList.java
index 31bfdc7fb24..3f5b93d3d3d 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/FindSubList.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/FindSubList.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,8 +25,10 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 4323074
  * @summary Basic test for Collections.indexOfSubList/lastIndexOfSubList
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
@@ -35,6 +37,7 @@
 import java.util.Vector;
 
 public class FindSubList {
+
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         int N = 500;
         List source = new ArrayList(3 * N);
@@ -103,5 +106,12 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
                                                                  "0")) != -1)
               throw new Exception(s.getClass()+" lastIndexOfSubList: big tgt");
         }
+
+        List<VClass> vsource = Arrays.asList(new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }), new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 }), new VClass(3, new int[] { 3 }), new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 }), new VClass(3, new int[] { 3 }));
+        List<VClass> vtarget = Arrays.asList(new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 }), new VClass(3, new int[] { 3 }));
+        if (Collections.indexOfSubList(vsource, vtarget) != 1)
+            throw new Exception("value indexOfSubList failed");
+        if (Collections.lastIndexOfSubList(vsource, vtarget) != 3)
+            throw new Exception("value lastIndexOfSubList failed");
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Frequency.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Frequency.java
index b10ecc63edd..72b2c4454a3 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Frequency.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Frequency.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,8 +26,10 @@
  * @bug     4193200
  * @summary Basic test for Collections.frequency
  * @author  Josh Bloch
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.LinkedList;
@@ -35,9 +37,11 @@
 
 public class Frequency {
     static final int N = 100;
+
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         test(new ArrayList<Integer>());
         test(new LinkedList<Integer>());
+        testValue();
     }
 
     static void test(List<Integer> list) {
@@ -50,4 +54,15 @@ static void test(List<Integer> list) {
             if (Collections.frequency(list, i) != i)
                 throw new RuntimeException(list.getClass() + ": " + i);
     }
+
+    static void testValue() {
+        List<VClass> values = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
+            for (int j = 0; j < i; j++)
+                values.add(new VClass(i, new int[] { i }));
+        Collections.shuffle(values);
+        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
+            if (Collections.frequency(values, new VClass(i, new int[] { i })) != i)
+                throw new RuntimeException("value frequency: " + i);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/NCopies.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/NCopies.java
index 48ba92ad842..7fe206ac72d 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/NCopies.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/NCopies.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,8 +26,10 @@
  * @bug     6267846 6275009
  * @summary Test Collections.nCopies
  * @author  Martin Buchholz
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.AbstractList;
@@ -142,6 +144,15 @@ private static void checkReversed() {
         check(empty.equals(empty.reversed()));
     }
 
+    private static void checkValueCopies() {
+        List<VClass> copies = Collections.nCopies(10, new VClass(7, new int[] { 7 }));
+        check(copies.indexOf(new VClass(7, new int[] { 7 })) == 0);
+        check(copies.lastIndexOf(new VClass(7, new int[] { 7 })) == 9);
+        check(copies.equals(referenceNCopies(10, new VClass(7, new int[] { 7 }))));
+        check(copies.hashCode() == referenceNCopies(10, new VClass(7, new int[] { 7 })).hashCode());
+        check(copies.equals(copies.reversed()));
+    }
+
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         try {
             List<String> empty = Collections.nCopies(0, "foo");
@@ -158,6 +169,8 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
 
             checkReversed();
 
+            checkValueCopies();
+
         } catch (Throwable t) { unexpected(t); }
 
         System.out.printf("%nPassed = %d, failed = %d%n%n", passed, failed);
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/NullComparator.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/NullComparator.java
index fd1134cb905..e43525ab2ce 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/NullComparator.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/NullComparator.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,14 +25,17 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 4224271
  * @summary A null Comparator is now specified to indicate natural ordering.
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 
 public class NullComparator {
+
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         List list = new ArrayList(100);
         for (int i=0; i<100; i++)
@@ -61,5 +64,18 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             throw new Exception("Collections.min");
         if (!Collections.max(list, null).equals(new Integer(99)))
             throw new Exception("Collections.max");
+
+        List<VClass> vlist = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) vlist.add(new VClass(i, new int[] { i }));
+        Collections.shuffle(vlist);
+        Collections.sort(vlist, null);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
+            if (!vlist.get(i).equals(new VClass(i, new int[] { i }))) throw new Exception("value Collections.sort");
+        if (Collections.binarySearch(vlist, new VClass(69, new int[] { 69 }), null) != 69)
+            throw new Exception("value binarySearch");
+        if (!Collections.min(vlist, null).equals(new VClass(0, new int[] { 0 })))
+            throw new Exception("value min");
+        if (!Collections.max(vlist, null).equals(new VClass(99, new int[] { 99 })))
+            throw new Exception("value max");
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/ReplaceAll.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/ReplaceAll.java
index 498e4c25ce6..3eeb57908fb 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/ReplaceAll.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/ReplaceAll.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,8 +25,10 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 4323074
  * @summary Basic test for new replaceAll algorithm
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.LinkedList;
@@ -57,5 +59,12 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             if (Collections.replaceAll(lst, "love", "hate"))
                 throw new Exception("True return value: "+i);
         }
+
+        List<VClass> values = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (int j = 1; j <= SIZE; j++) values.add(new VClass(j % 3, new int[] { j % 3 }));
+        if (!Collections.replaceAll(values, new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }), new VClass(99, new int[] { 99 })))
+            throw new Exception("value false return");
+        if (Collections.replaceAll(values, new VClass(100, new int[] { 100 }), new VClass(0, new int[] { 0 })))
+            throw new Exception("value true return for absent element");
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/ReverseOrder.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/ReverseOrder.java
index ceaa5441a0d..e634ceadaf1 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/ReverseOrder.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/ReverseOrder.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,8 +26,10 @@
  * @bug 4593209 8001667
  * @summary Reverse comparator was subtly broken
  * @author Josh Bloch
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
 import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
 import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
@@ -38,6 +40,7 @@
 import java.util.List;
 
 public class ReverseOrder {
+
     static byte[] serialBytes(Object o) {
         try {
             ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
@@ -79,6 +82,11 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         Collections.sort(list2, clone);
         if (!list2.equals(goldenList))
             throw new Exception(list.toString());
+
+        List<VClass> vl = Arrays.asList(new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }), new VClass(3, new int[] { 3 }), new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 }));
+        Collections.sort(vl, Collections.reverseOrder());
+        if (!vl.equals(Arrays.asList(new VClass(3, new int[] { 3 }), new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 }), new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }))))
+            throw new RuntimeException("value reverseOrder failed");
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/ReverseOrder2.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/ReverseOrder2.java
index 0369b389a80..4aa88ef0002 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/ReverseOrder2.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/ReverseOrder2.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2007, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,8 +26,10 @@
  * @bug     4809442 6366832 4974878 6372554 4890211 6483125
  * @summary Basic test for Collections.reverseOrder
  * @author  Josh Bloch, Martin Buchholz
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
 import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
@@ -35,6 +37,7 @@
 import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
 import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.Comparator;
 import java.util.LinkedList;
@@ -66,6 +69,12 @@ static void realMain(String[] args) throws Throwable {
         test(new LinkedList<String>());
         test2(new ArrayList<Integer>());
         test2(new LinkedList<Integer>());
+
+        List<VClass> values = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(new VClass(0, new int[] { 0 }), new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }), new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 })));
+        Collections.shuffle(values);
+        Collections.sort(values, Collections.reverseOrder());
+        if (!values.equals(Arrays.asList(new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 }), new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }), new VClass(0, new int[] { 0 }))))
+            throw new RuntimeException("value reverseOrder2 failed");
     }
 
     static void test(List<String> list) {
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Rotate.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Rotate.java
index 7ec42f9d2e9..204812c14bb 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Rotate.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Rotate.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,9 +26,12 @@
  * @bug 4323074
  * @summary Basic test for new rotate algorithm
  * @key randomness
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.LinkedList;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -69,5 +72,10 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
                                             ", should be "+index);
             }
         }
+
+        List<VClass> vl = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }), new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 }), new VClass(3, new int[] { 3 }), new VClass(4, new int[] { 4 })));
+        Collections.rotate(vl, 1);
+        if (!vl.equals(Arrays.asList(new VClass(4, new int[] { 4 }), new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }), new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 }), new VClass(3, new int[] { 3 }))))
+            throw new RuntimeException("value rotate failed");
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Ser.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Ser.java
index 554a8e7e833..de99cdea8bb 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Ser.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Ser.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,17 +26,35 @@
  * @bug 4190323
  * @summary EMPTY_SET, EMPTY_LIST, and the collections returned by
  *          nCopies and singleton were spec'd to be serializable, but weren't.
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.AsValueClass;
 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
 import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
 import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
 import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
+import java.io.Serializable;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Set;
 
 public class Ser {
+
+    @AsValueClass
+    static final class SerV implements Serializable {
+        int x;
+        SerV(int x) { this.x = x; }
+        public boolean equals(Object o) { return o instanceof SerV v && x == v.x; }
+        public int hashCode() { return x; }
+        private Object writeReplace() { return new SerProxy(x); }
+        private static class SerProxy implements Serializable {
+            int x;
+            SerProxy(int x) { this.x = x; }
+            private Object readResolve() { return new SerV(x); }
+        }
+    }
+
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
 
         try {
@@ -96,5 +114,33 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         } catch (Exception e) {
             throw new RuntimeException("Failed to serialize nCopies:" + e);
         }
+
+        try {
+            ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+            ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(bos);
+            Set<SerV> one = Collections.singleton(new SerV(1));
+            out.writeObject(one);
+            out.flush();
+            ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(
+                    new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray()));
+            if (!one.equals(in.readObject()))
+                throw new RuntimeException("value singleton Ser/Deser failure");
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Failed to serialize value singleton: " + e);
+        }
+
+        try {
+            ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+            ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(bos);
+            List<SerV> many = Collections.nCopies(5, new SerV(2));
+            out.writeObject(many);
+            out.flush();
+            ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(
+                    new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray()));
+            if (!many.equals(in.readObject()))
+                throw new RuntimeException("value nCopies Ser/Deser failure");
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Failed to serialize value nCopies: " + e);
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Shuffle.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Shuffle.java
index 3a33f27f473..e0242f6dc9b 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Shuffle.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Shuffle.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,8 +26,10 @@
  * @bug     8294693
  * @summary Basic test for Collections.shuffle
  * @key     randomness
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.LinkedList;
@@ -42,6 +44,7 @@ public class Shuffle {
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         test(new ArrayList<>());
         test(new LinkedList<>());
+        testValue();
     }
 
     static void test(List<Integer> list) {
@@ -62,6 +65,16 @@ static void test(List<Integer> list) {
         checkRandom(list, l -> Collections.shuffle(l, generator.copy()));
     }
 
+    static void testValue() {
+        List<VClass> values = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) values.add(new VClass(i, new int[] { i }));
+        Collections.shuffle(values, new Random(1));
+        if (values.size() != N) throw new RuntimeException("value shuffle size");
+        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
+            if (Collections.frequency(values, new VClass(i, new int[] { i })) != 1)
+                throw new RuntimeException("value shuffle lost " + i);
+    }
+
     private static void checkRandom(List<Integer> list, Consumer<List<?>> randomizer) {
         list.sort(null);
         randomizer.accept(list);
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/SingletonIterator.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/SingletonIterator.java
index 0f7dfd17252..006d0626184 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/SingletonIterator.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/SingletonIterator.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -24,9 +24,11 @@
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8024500 8166446
+ * @library /test/lib
  * @run testng SingletonIterator
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
@@ -63,6 +65,18 @@ public void testForEachRemaining() {
 
     static class SingletonException extends RuntimeException { }
 
+    @Test
+    public void testValueSingletonIterator() {
+        Iterator<VClass> it = Collections.singleton(new VClass(42, new int[] { 42 })).iterator();
+        AtomicInteger cnt = new AtomicInteger(0);
+        it.forEachRemaining(v -> {
+            if (!v.equals(new VClass(42, new int[] { 42 }))) throw new RuntimeException("wrong value");
+            cnt.incrementAndGet();
+        });
+        assertEquals(cnt.get(), 1);
+        assertIteratorExhausted(it);
+    }
+
     public void testThrowFromForEachRemaining() {
         Iterator<String> it = Collections.singleton("TheOne").iterator();
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Swap.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Swap.java
index 488feeda1ea..726b6d1a754 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Swap.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/Swap.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,8 +26,10 @@
  * @bug     4323074
  * @summary Basic test for newly public swap algorithm
  * @author  Josh Bloch
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -45,5 +47,11 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         l2.set(SIZE-1, Boolean.TRUE);
         if (!l.equals(l2))
             throw new RuntimeException("Wrong result");
+
+        List<VClass> vl = new ArrayList<>(Collections.nCopies(SIZE, new VClass(0, new int[] { 0 })));
+        vl.set(0, new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }));
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE - 1; i++) Collections.swap(vl, i, i + 1);
+        if (!vl.get(SIZE - 1).equals(new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 })))
+            throw new RuntimeException("value swap failed");
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/T6433170.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/T6433170.java
index 65de4ccdbed..fe59ffff0a6 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/T6433170.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Collections/T6433170.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,8 +25,10 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 6433170
  * @summary CheckedCollection.addAll should be all-or-nothing
+ * @library /test/lib
  */
 
+import jdk.test.lib.valueclass.VClass;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collection;
@@ -40,6 +42,7 @@
 
 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
 public class T6433170 {
+
     private void checkEmpty(Collection x) {
         check(x.isEmpty());
         check(x.size() == 0);
@@ -56,6 +59,12 @@ void test(String[] args) throws Throwable {
         test(checkedCollection(
                  checkedCollection(new Vector(), String.class),
                  Object.class));
+
+        Collection<VClass> vc = checkedCollection(new ArrayList<>(), VClass.class);
+        List mixed = Arrays.asList(new VClass(1, new int[] { 1 }), new VClass(2, new int[] { 2 }), "not a Tuple");
+        THROWS(ClassCastException.class,
+               new F(){void f(){ vc.addAll(mixed); }});
+        checkEmpty(vc);
     }
 
     void test(final Collection checked) {
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/HashMap/ToArray.java b/test/jdk/java/util/HashMap/ToArray.java
index dd7236efe1c..b9336dfc4cb 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/HashMap/ToArray.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/HashMap/ToArray.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -34,10 +34,19 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
+ * @bug 8336669
  * @summary HashMap.toArray() behavior tests
  * @author tvaleev
  */
 public class ToArray {
+    // An interned identity class holding an int (like non-Preview Integer)
+    record Int(int intValue) implements Comparable<Int> {
+        @Override
+        public int compareTo(Int o) {
+            return Integer.compare(intValue, o.intValue);
+        }
+    }
+
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         checkMap(false);
         checkMap(true);
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Map/Get.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Map/Get.java
index f89e72aacff..80e2d80e70f 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Map/Get.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Map/Get.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 6306829
+ * @bug 6306829 8336669
  * @summary Verify assertions in get() javadocs
  * @author Martin Buchholz
  */
@@ -43,19 +43,27 @@
 
 public class Get {
 
+    // An identity class holding an char (like non-Preview Character)
+    record Char(char c) implements Comparable<Char> {
+        @Override
+        public int compareTo(Char ch) {
+            return Character.compare(c, ch.c);
+        }
+    }
+
     private static void realMain(String[] args) throws Throwable {
-        testMap(new Hashtable<Character,Boolean>());
-        testMap(new HashMap<Character,Boolean>());
-        testMap(new IdentityHashMap<Character,Boolean>());
-        testMap(new LinkedHashMap<Character,Boolean>());
-        testMap(new ConcurrentHashMap<Character,Boolean>());
-        testMap(new WeakHashMap<Character,Boolean>());
-        testMap(new TreeMap<Character,Boolean>());
-        testMap(new ConcurrentSkipListMap<Character,Boolean>());
+        testMap(new Hashtable<Char,Boolean>());
+        testMap(new HashMap<Char,Boolean>());
+        testMap(new IdentityHashMap<Char,Boolean>());
+        testMap(new LinkedHashMap<Char,Boolean>());
+        testMap(new ConcurrentHashMap<Char,Boolean>());
+        testMap(new WeakHashMap<Char,Boolean>());
+        testMap(new TreeMap<Char,Boolean>());
+        testMap(new ConcurrentSkipListMap<Char,Boolean>());
     }
 
-    private static void put(Map<Character,Boolean> m,
-                            Character key, Boolean value,
+    private static void put(Map<Char,Boolean> m,
+                            Char key, Boolean value,
                             Boolean oldValue) {
         if (oldValue != null) {
             check("containsValue(oldValue)", m.containsValue(oldValue));
@@ -70,7 +78,7 @@ private static void put(Map<Character,Boolean> m,
         check("!isEmpty", ! m.isEmpty());
     }
 
-    private static void testMap(Map<Character,Boolean> m) {
+    private static void testMap(Map<Char,Boolean> m) {
         // We verify following assertions in get(Object) method javadocs
         boolean permitsNullKeys = (! (m instanceof ConcurrentMap ||
                                       m instanceof Hashtable     ||
@@ -80,10 +88,11 @@ private static void testMap(Map<Character,Boolean> m) {
         boolean usesIdentity = m instanceof IdentityHashMap;
 
         System.err.println(m.getClass());
-        put(m, 'A', true,  null);
-        put(m, 'A', false, true);       // Guaranteed identical by JLS
-        put(m, 'B', true,  null);
-        put(m, new Character('A'), false, usesIdentity ? null : false);
+        Char aCh = new Char('A');
+        put(m, aCh, true,  null);
+        put(m, aCh, false, true);
+        put(m, new Char('B'), true,  null);
+        put(m, new Char('A'), false, usesIdentity ? null : false);
         if (permitsNullKeys) {
             try {
                 put(m, null, true,  null);
@@ -101,17 +110,18 @@ private static void testMap(Map<Character,Boolean> m) {
         }
         if (permitsNullValues) {
             try {
-                put(m, 'C', null, null);
-                put(m, 'C', true, null);
-                put(m, 'C', null, true);
+                Char cCh = new Char('C');
+                put(m, cCh, null, null);
+                put(m, cCh, true, null);
+                put(m, cCh, null, true);
             }
             catch (Throwable t) { unexpected(m.getClass().getName(), t); }
         } else {
-            try { m.put('A', null); fail(m.getClass().getName() + " did not reject null key"); }
+            try { m.put(new Char('A'), null); fail(m.getClass().getName() + " did not reject null key"); }
             catch (NullPointerException e) {}
             catch (Throwable t) { unexpected(m.getClass().getName(), t); }
 
-            try { m.put('C', null); fail(m.getClass().getName() + " did not reject null key"); }
+            try { m.put(new Char('C'), null); fail(m.getClass().getName() + " did not reject null key"); }
             catch (NullPointerException e) {}
             catch (Throwable t) { unexpected(m.getClass().getName(), t); }
         }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Map/LockStep.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Map/LockStep.java
index 0560a5ab695..e496ba3dd6b 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Map/LockStep.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Map/LockStep.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 6612102
+ * @bug 6612102 8336669
  * @summary Test Map implementations for mutual compatibility
  * @key randomness
  */
@@ -49,6 +49,23 @@
  * It would be good to add more "Lockstep-style" tests to this file.
  */
 public class LockStep {
+    // An interned identity class holding an int (like non-Preview Integer)
+    // interned for IdentityHashMap
+    // identity for WeakHashMap
+    private record Int(int intValue) implements Comparable<Int> {
+        private static final Map<Integer, Int> interned = new HashMap<>(100);
+
+        // Return a unique Ini for each int.
+        static Int intern(int intValue) {
+            return interned.computeIfAbsent(intValue, (i) -> new Int(i));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int compareTo(Int o) {
+            return Integer.compare(intValue, o.intValue);
+        }
+    }
+
     void mapsEqual(Map m1, Map m2) {
         equal(m1, m2);
         equal(m2, m1);
@@ -112,15 +129,15 @@ void test(String[] args) throws Throwable {
                 new TreeMap(),
                 new ConcurrentHashMap(16),
                 new ConcurrentSkipListMap(),
-                Collections.checkedMap(new HashMap(16), Integer.class, Integer.class),
-                Collections.checkedSortedMap(new TreeMap(), Integer.class, Integer.class),
-                Collections.checkedNavigableMap(new TreeMap(), Integer.class, Integer.class),
+                Collections.checkedMap(new HashMap(16), Int.class, Integer.class),
+                Collections.checkedSortedMap(new TreeMap(), Int.class, Integer.class),
+                Collections.checkedNavigableMap(new TreeMap(), Int.class, Integer.class),
                 Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap(16)),
                 Collections.synchronizedSortedMap(new TreeMap()),
                 Collections.synchronizedNavigableMap(new TreeMap()));
 
             for (int j = 0; j < 10; j++)
-                put(maps, r.nextInt(100), r.nextInt(100));
+                put(maps, Int.intern(r.nextInt(100)), r.nextInt(100));
             removeLastTwo(maps);
         }
     }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Map/ToArray.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Map/ToArray.java
index f7a8de716cf..36757ee06e5 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Map/ToArray.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Map/ToArray.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 8008785
+ * @bug 8008785 8336669
  * @summary Ensure toArray() implementations return correct results.
  * @author Mike Duigou
  */
@@ -38,8 +38,12 @@ public class ToArray {
      */
     private static final int TEST_SIZE = 5000;
 
+    static String genString(int i) {
+        return "BASE-" + HexFormat.of().toHexDigits(i);
+    }
+
     private static void realMain(String[] args) throws Throwable {
-        Map<Integer, Long>[] maps = (Map<Integer, Long>[]) new Map[]{
+        Map<String, Long>[] maps = (Map<String, Long>[]) new Map<?,?>[]{
                     new HashMap<>(),
                     new Hashtable<>(),
                     new IdentityHashMap<>(),
@@ -51,7 +55,7 @@ private static void realMain(String[] args) throws Throwable {
                 };
 
         // for each map type.
-        for (Map<Integer, Long> map : maps) {
+        for (Map<String, Long> map : maps) {
              try {
                 testMap(map);
              } catch(Exception all) {
@@ -60,19 +64,20 @@ private static void realMain(String[] args) throws Throwable {
         }
     }
 
-    private static final Integer[] KEYS = new Integer[TEST_SIZE];
+    private static final String[] KEYS = new String[TEST_SIZE];
 
     private static final Long[] VALUES = new Long[TEST_SIZE];
 
     static {
         for (int each = 0; each < TEST_SIZE; each++) {
-            KEYS[each]   = Integer.valueOf(each);
+            // BUG: WeakHashMap of value object!
+            KEYS[each]   = genString(each);
             VALUES[each] = Long.valueOf(each + TEST_SIZE);
         }
     }
 
 
-    private static void testMap(Map<Integer, Long> map) {
+    private static void testMap(Map<String, Long> map) {
         System.out.println("Testing " + map.getClass());
         System.out.flush();
 
@@ -98,9 +103,9 @@ private static void testMap(Map<Integer, Long> map) {
         }
 
         // check the entries
-        Map.Entry<Integer,Long>[] entries = map.entrySet().toArray(new Map.Entry[TEST_SIZE]);
-        Arrays.sort( entries,new Comparator<Map.Entry<Integer,Long>>() {
-                public int compare(Map.Entry<Integer,Long> o1, Map.Entry<Integer,Long> o2) {
+        Map.Entry<String,Long>[] entries = map.entrySet().toArray(new Map.Entry[TEST_SIZE]);
+        Arrays.sort( entries,new Comparator<Map.Entry<String,Long>>() {
+                public int compare(Map.Entry<String,Long> o1, Map.Entry<String,Long> o2) {
                         return o1.getKey().compareTo(o2.getKey());
                 }});
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Spliterator/SpliteratorCharacteristics.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Spliterator/SpliteratorCharacteristics.java
index 3e50bfaaca9..fd9b61db74b 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Spliterator/SpliteratorCharacteristics.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Spliterator/SpliteratorCharacteristics.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2013, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /**
  * @test
- * @bug 8020156 8020009 8022326 8012913 8024405 8024408 8071477
+ * @bug 8020156 8020009 8022326 8012913 8024405 8024408 8071477 8336672
  * @run testng SpliteratorCharacteristics
  */
 
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ public String toString() {
     }
 
     public void testSpliteratorFromCollection() {
-        List<Integer> l = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4);
+        List<String> l = Arrays.asList("A", "B", "C", "D");
 
         {
             Spliterator<?> s = Spliterators.spliterator(l, 0);
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ public void testConcurrentSkipListMap() {
     }
 
     public void testConcurrentSkipListMapWithComparator() {
-        assertSortedMapCharacteristics(new ConcurrentSkipListMap<>(Comparator.<Integer>reverseOrder()),
+        assertSortedMapCharacteristics(new ConcurrentSkipListMap<>(Comparator.<String>reverseOrder()),
                                        Spliterator.CONCURRENT | Spliterator.NONNULL |
                                        Spliterator.DISTINCT | Spliterator.SORTED |
                                        Spliterator.ORDERED);
@@ -315,11 +315,11 @@ public void testConcurrentSkipListSetWithComparator() {
     //
 
 
-    void assertMapCharacteristics(Map<Integer, String> m, int keyCharacteristics) {
+    void assertMapCharacteristics(Map<String, String> m, int keyCharacteristics) {
         assertMapCharacteristics(m, keyCharacteristics, 0);
     }
 
-    void assertMapCharacteristics(Map<Integer, String> m, int keyCharacteristics, int notValueCharacteristics) {
+    void assertMapCharacteristics(Map<String, String> m, int keyCharacteristics, int notValueCharacteristics) {
         initMap(m);
 
         assertCharacteristics(m.keySet(), keyCharacteristics);
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ void assertMapCharacteristics(Map<Integer, String> m, int keyCharacteristics, in
         }
     }
 
-    void assertSetCharacteristics(Set<Integer> s, int keyCharacteristics) {
+    void assertSetCharacteristics(Set<String> s, int keyCharacteristics) {
         initSet(s);
 
         assertCharacteristics(s, keyCharacteristics);
@@ -346,10 +346,10 @@ void assertSetCharacteristics(Set<Integer> s, int keyCharacteristics) {
         }
     }
 
-    void assertSortedMapCharacteristics(SortedMap<Integer, String> m, int keyCharacteristics) {
+    void assertSortedMapCharacteristics(SortedMap<String, String> m, int keyCharacteristics) {
         assertMapCharacteristics(m, keyCharacteristics, Spliterator.SORTED);
 
-        Set<Integer> keys = m.keySet();
+        Set<String> keys = m.keySet();
         if (m.comparator() != null) {
             assertNotNullComparator(keys);
         }
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ void assertSortedMapCharacteristics(SortedMap<Integer, String> m, int keyCharact
         assertNotNullComparator(m.entrySet());
     }
 
-    void assertSortedSetCharacteristics(SortedSet<Integer> s, int keyCharacteristics) {
+    void assertSortedSetCharacteristics(SortedSet<String> s, int keyCharacteristics) {
         assertSetCharacteristics(s, keyCharacteristics);
 
         if (s.comparator() != null) {
@@ -373,15 +373,15 @@ void assertSortedSetCharacteristics(SortedSet<Integer> s, int keyCharacteristics
         }
     }
 
-    void initMap(Map<Integer, String> m) {
-        m.put(1, "4");
-        m.put(2, "3");
-        m.put(3, "2");
-        m.put(4, "1");
+    void initMap(Map<String, String> m) {
+        m.put("A", "4");
+        m.put("B", "3");
+        m.put("C", "2");
+        m.put("D", "1");
     }
 
-    void initSet(Set<Integer> s) {
-        s.addAll(Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4));
+    void initSet(Set<String> s) {
+        s.addAll(Arrays.asList("A", "B", "C", "D"));
     }
 
     void assertCharacteristics(Collection<?> c, int expectedCharacteristics) {
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Spliterator/SpliteratorFailFastTest.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Spliterator/SpliteratorFailFastTest.java
index 84d6ca9d6ab..9a181ad36f1 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Spliterator/SpliteratorFailFastTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Spliterator/SpliteratorFailFastTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2013, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
 
 /**
  * @test
- * @bug 8148748
+ * @bug 8148748 8336672
  * @summary Spliterator fail-fast tests
  * @run testng SpliteratorFailFastTest
  */
@@ -64,8 +64,8 @@ public static Object[][] spliteratorDataProvider() {
         }
 
         List<Object[]> data = new ArrayList<>();
-        SpliteratorDataBuilder<Integer> db =
-                new SpliteratorDataBuilder<>(data, 5, Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4));
+        SpliteratorDataBuilder<String> db =
+                new SpliteratorDataBuilder<>(data, "Z", Arrays.asList("A", "B", "C", "D"));
 
         // Collections
 
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ public static Object[][] spliteratorDataProvider() {
         db.addCollection(TreeSet::new);
 
         db.addCollection(c -> {
-            Stack<Integer> s = new Stack<>();
+            Stack<String> s = new Stack<>();
             s.addAll(c);
             return s;
         });
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ public static Object[][] spliteratorDataProvider() {
         // This fails when run through jtreg but passes when run through
         // ant
 //        db.addMap(IdentityHashMap::new);
-
+        // BUG: Assumes identity
         db.addMap(WeakHashMap::new);
 
         // @@@  Descending maps etc
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Spliterator/SpliteratorLateBindingFailFastHelper.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Spliterator/SpliteratorLateBindingFailFastHelper.java
index cc89340efd7..a89794eddfc 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Spliterator/SpliteratorLateBindingFailFastHelper.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Spliterator/SpliteratorLateBindingFailFastHelper.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -182,26 +182,26 @@ public void update() {
         }
     }
 
-    static class AbstractRandomAccessListImpl extends AbstractList<Integer> implements RandomAccess {
-        List<Integer> l;
+    static class AbstractRandomAccessListImpl<T> extends AbstractList<T> implements RandomAccess {
+        List<T> l;
 
-        AbstractRandomAccessListImpl(Collection<Integer> c) {
+        AbstractRandomAccessListImpl(Collection<T> c) {
             this.l = new ArrayList<>(c);
         }
 
         @Override
-        public boolean add(Integer integer) {
+        public boolean add(T value) {
             modCount++;
-            return l.add(integer);
+            return l.add(value);
         }
 
         @Override
-        public Iterator<Integer> iterator() {
+        public Iterator<T> iterator() {
             return l.iterator();
         }
 
         @Override
-        public Integer get(int index) {
+        public T get(int index) {
             return l.get(index);
         }
 
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ public int size() {
         }
 
         @Override
-        public List<Integer> subList(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
+        public List<T> subList(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
             return l.subList(fromIndex, toIndex);
         }
     }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Spliterator/SpliteratorLateBindingTest.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Spliterator/SpliteratorLateBindingTest.java
index 42553cbe4e5..354abc5108c 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Spliterator/SpliteratorLateBindingTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Spliterator/SpliteratorLateBindingTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2013, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 
 /**
  * @test
- * @bug 8148748 8170155
+ * @bug 8148748 8170155 8336672
  * @summary Spliterator last-binding tests
  * @run testng SpliteratorLateBindingTest
  */
@@ -69,8 +69,8 @@ public static Object[][] sourceDataProvider() {
         }
 
         List<Object[]> data = new ArrayList<>();
-        SpliteratorDataBuilder<Integer> db =
-                new SpliteratorDataBuilder<>(data, 5, Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4));
+        SpliteratorDataBuilder<String> db =
+                new SpliteratorDataBuilder<>(data, "Z", Arrays.asList("A", "B", "C", "D"));
 
         // Collections
 
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ public static Object[][] sourceDataProvider() {
         db.addCollection(TreeSet::new);
 
         db.addCollection(c -> {
-            Stack<Integer> s = new Stack<>();
+            Stack<String> s = new Stack<>();
             s.addAll(c);
             return s;
         });
@@ -106,6 +106,7 @@ public static Object[][] sourceDataProvider() {
 
         db.addMap(IdentityHashMap::new);
 
+        // BUG: Assumes identity
         db.addMap(WeakHashMap::new);
 
         // @@@  Descending maps etc
@@ -113,6 +114,7 @@ public static Object[][] sourceDataProvider() {
 
         // BitSet
 
+        // BUG: Assumes identity in WeakHashMap
         List<Integer> bits = List.of(0, 1, 2);
         Function<BitSet, Spliterator.OfInt> bitsSource = bs -> bs.stream().spliterator();
         db.add("new BitSet.stream().spliterator() ADD",
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/Spliterator/SpliteratorTraversingAndSplittingTest.java b/test/jdk/java/util/Spliterator/SpliteratorTraversingAndSplittingTest.java
index c8f882b599d..543f5945ca0 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/Spliterator/SpliteratorTraversingAndSplittingTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/Spliterator/SpliteratorTraversingAndSplittingTest.java
@@ -25,12 +25,16 @@
  * @test
  * @summary Spliterator traversing and splitting tests
  * @library /lib/testlibrary/bootlib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @build java.base/java.util.SpliteratorOfIntDataBuilder
  *        java.base/java.util.SpliteratorTestHelper
  * @run testng SpliteratorTraversingAndSplittingTest
- * @bug 8020016 8071477 8072784 8169838
+ * @run testng/othervm --enable-preview SpliteratorTraversingAndSplittingTest
+ * @bug 8020016 8071477 8072784 8169838 8336672
  */
 
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
+
 import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
 import org.testng.annotations.Test;
 
@@ -646,16 +650,19 @@ else if (size == 1) {
 
             db.addMap(IdentityHashMap::new);
 
-            db.addMap(WeakHashMap::new);
-
-            db.addMap(m -> {
-                // Create a Map ensuring that for large sizes
-                // buckets will be consist of 2 or more entries
-                WeakHashMap<Integer, Integer> cm = new WeakHashMap<>(1, m.size() + 1);
-                for (Map.Entry<Integer, Integer> e : m.entrySet())
-                    cm.put(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
-                return cm;
-            }, "new java.util.WeakHashMap(1, size + 1)");
+            if (!PreviewFeatures.isEnabled()) {
+                // With --enable-preview, WeakHashmap is not tested with Integer, a value class
+                db.addMap(WeakHashMap::new);
+
+                db.addMap(m -> {
+                    // Create a Map ensuring that for large sizes
+                    // buckets will consist of 2 or more entries
+                    WeakHashMap<Integer, Integer> cm = new WeakHashMap<>(1, m.size() + 1);
+                    for (Map.Entry<Integer, Integer> e : m.entrySet())
+                        cm.put(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
+                    return cm;
+                }, "new java.util.WeakHashMap(1, size + 1)");
+            }
 
             db.addMap(TreeMap::new);
             db.addMap(m -> new TreeMap<>(m).tailMap(Integer.MIN_VALUE));
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/WeakHashMapValues.java b/test/jdk/java/util/WeakHashMapValues.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a3acfb26627
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/WeakHashMapValues.java
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.WeakHashMap;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Check WeakHashMap throws IdentityException when Value Objects are put
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run junit WeakHashMapValues
+ */
+public class WeakHashMapValues {
+
+    /*
+     * Check that any kind of put with a value class as a key throws IdentityException
+     */
+    @Test
+    void checkThrowsIdentityException() {
+        WeakHashMap<Object, Object> whm = new WeakHashMap<>();
+        Object key = new Foo(1);
+        assertThrows(IdentityException.class, () -> whm.put(key, "1"));
+        assertThrows(IdentityException.class, () -> whm.putIfAbsent(key, "2"));
+        assertThrows(IdentityException.class, () -> whm.compute(key, (_, _) -> "3"));
+        assertThrows(IdentityException.class, () -> whm.computeIfAbsent(key, (_) -> "4"));
+
+        HashMap<Object, String> hmap = new HashMap<>();
+        hmap.put(key, "6");
+        assertThrows(IdentityException.class, () -> whm.putAll(hmap));
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Check that any kind of put with Integer as a value class as a key throws IdentityException
+     */
+    @Test
+    void checkIntegerThrowsIdentityException() {
+        WeakHashMap<Object, Object> whm = new WeakHashMap<>();
+        Object key = 1;
+        assertThrows(IdentityException.class, () -> whm.put(key, "1"));
+        assertThrows(IdentityException.class, () -> whm.putIfAbsent(key, "2"));
+        assertThrows(IdentityException.class, () -> whm.compute(key, (_, _) -> "3"));
+        assertThrows(IdentityException.class, () -> whm.computeIfAbsent(key, (_) -> "4"));
+
+        HashMap<Object, String> hmap = new HashMap<>();
+        hmap.put(key, "6");
+        assertThrows(IdentityException.class, () -> whm.putAll(hmap));
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check that queries with a value object return false or null.
+     */
+    @Test
+    void checkValueObjectGet() {
+        WeakHashMap<Object, Object> whm = new WeakHashMap<>();
+        Object key = "X";
+        Object v = new Foo(1);
+        assertEquals(whm.get(v), null, "Get of value object should return null");
+        assertEquals(whm.containsKey(v), false, "containsKey should return false");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check WeakHashMap.putAll from a source map containing a value object as a key throws.
+     */
+    @Test
+    void checkValueObjectPutAll() {
+        // src is mix of identity and value objects (Integer is value class with --enable-preview)
+        HashMap<Object, Object> srcMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        srcMap.put("abc", "Vabc");
+        srcMap.put(1, "V1");
+        srcMap.put("xyz", "Vxyz");
+        WeakHashMap<Object, Object> whm = new WeakHashMap<>();
+        assertThrows(IdentityException.class, () -> whm.putAll(srcMap));
+        assertTrue(whm.containsKey("abc"), "Identity key should have been copied");
+        assertFalse(whm.containsKey(1), "Value object key should not have been copied");
+        assertEquals(1, whm.size(), "Result map size");
+    }
+}
+
+value class Foo {
+    int x;
+    Foo(int x) {
+        this.x = x;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/stream/test/org/openjdk/tests/java/util/stream/CollectionAndMapModifyStreamTest.java b/test/jdk/java/util/stream/test/org/openjdk/tests/java/util/stream/CollectionAndMapModifyStreamTest.java
index 07911219065..a85cdc3585d 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/stream/test/org/openjdk/tests/java/util/stream/CollectionAndMapModifyStreamTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/stream/test/org/openjdk/tests/java/util/stream/CollectionAndMapModifyStreamTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -28,14 +28,13 @@
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentSkipListMap;
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentSkipListSet;
-import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;
-import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArraySet;
 import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingDeque;
 import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
 import java.util.concurrent.LinkedTransferQueue;
 import java.util.concurrent.PriorityBlockingQueue;
 import java.util.function.Supplier;
-import java.util.stream.LambdaTestHelpers;
+import java.util.stream.IntStream;
+
 import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
 import org.testng.annotations.Test;
 
@@ -45,46 +44,53 @@
 import static org.testng.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.testng.Assert.assertTrue;
 
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Tests laziness of stream operations
+ * @bug 8336672
+ */
+
 /**
  * Tests laziness of stream operations -- mutations to the source after the stream() but prior to terminal operations
  * are reflected in the stream contents.
  */
 @Test
 public class CollectionAndMapModifyStreamTest {
+    // Well known Identity instances; needed for IdentityHashMap
+    static List<String> CONTENT = IntStream.range(0, 10).mapToObj(i -> "BASE-" + i).toList();
 
     @DataProvider(name = "collections")
     public Object[][] createCollections() {
-        List<Integer> content = LambdaTestHelpers.countTo(10);
 
-        List<Collection<Integer>> collections = new ArrayList<>();
-        collections.add(new ArrayList<>(content));
-        collections.add(new LinkedList<>(content));
-        collections.add(new Vector<>(content));
+        List<Collection<String>> collections = new ArrayList<>();
+        collections.add(new ArrayList<>(CONTENT));
+        collections.add(new LinkedList<>(CONTENT));
+        collections.add(new Vector<>(CONTENT));
 
-        collections.add(new HashSet<>(content));
-        collections.add(new LinkedHashSet<>(content));
-        collections.add(new TreeSet<>(content));
+        collections.add(new HashSet<>(CONTENT));
+        collections.add(new LinkedHashSet<>(CONTENT));
+        collections.add(new TreeSet<>(CONTENT));
 
-        Stack<Integer> stack = new Stack<>();
-        stack.addAll(content);
+        Stack<String> stack = new Stack<>();
+        stack.addAll(CONTENT);
         collections.add(stack);
-        collections.add(new PriorityQueue<>(content));
-        collections.add(new ArrayDeque<>(content));
+        collections.add(new PriorityQueue<>(CONTENT));
+        collections.add(new ArrayDeque<>(CONTENT));
 
         // Concurrent collections
 
-        collections.add(new ConcurrentSkipListSet<>(content));
+        collections.add(new ConcurrentSkipListSet<>(CONTENT));
 
-        ArrayBlockingQueue<Integer> arrayBlockingQueue = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(content.size());
-        for (Integer i : content)
+        ArrayBlockingQueue<String> arrayBlockingQueue = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(CONTENT.size());
+        for (String i : CONTENT)
             arrayBlockingQueue.add(i);
         collections.add(arrayBlockingQueue);
-        collections.add(new PriorityBlockingQueue<>(content));
-        collections.add(new LinkedBlockingQueue<>(content));
-        collections.add(new LinkedTransferQueue<>(content));
-        collections.add(new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>(content));
-        collections.add(new LinkedBlockingDeque<>(content));
-        collections.add(new ConcurrentLinkedDeque<>(content));
+        collections.add(new PriorityBlockingQueue<>(CONTENT));
+        collections.add(new LinkedBlockingQueue<>(CONTENT));
+        collections.add(new LinkedTransferQueue<>(CONTENT));
+        collections.add(new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>(CONTENT));
+        collections.add(new LinkedBlockingDeque<>(CONTENT));
+        collections.add(new ConcurrentLinkedDeque<>(CONTENT));
 
         Object[][] params = new Object[collections.size()][];
         for (int i = 0; i < collections.size(); i++) {
@@ -95,22 +101,23 @@ public Object[][] createCollections() {
     }
 
     @Test(dataProvider = "collections")
-    public void testCollectionSizeRemove(String name, Collection<Integer> c) {
-        assertTrue(c.remove(1));
-        Stream<Integer> s = c.stream();
-        assertTrue(c.remove(2));
+    public void testCollectionSizeRemove(String name, Collection<String> c) {
+        assertTrue(c.remove(CONTENT.get(0)));
+        Stream<String> s = c.stream();
+        assertTrue(c.remove(CONTENT.get(1)));
         Object[] result = s.toArray();
         assertEquals(result.length, c.size());
     }
 
     @DataProvider(name = "maps")
     public Object[][] createMaps() {
-        Map<Integer, Integer> content = new HashMap<>();
+        Map<String, String> content = new HashMap<>();
         for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-            content.put(i, i);
+            var ix = CONTENT.get(i);
+            content.put(ix, ix);
         }
 
-        Map<String, Supplier<Map<Integer, Integer>>> maps = new HashMap<>();
+        Map<String, Supplier<Map<String, String>>> maps = new HashMap<>();
 
         maps.put(HashMap.class.getName(), () -> new HashMap<>(content));
         maps.put(LinkedHashMap.class.getName(), () -> new LinkedHashMap<>(content));
@@ -132,34 +139,33 @@ public Object[][] createMaps() {
 
         Object[][] params = new Object[maps.size()][];
         int i = 0;
-        for (Map.Entry<String, Supplier<Map<Integer, Integer>>> e : maps.entrySet()) {
+        for (Map.Entry<String, Supplier<Map<String, String>>> e : maps.entrySet()) {
             params[i++] = new Object[]{e.getKey(), e.getValue()};
-
         }
 
         return params;
     }
 
     @Test(dataProvider = "maps", groups = { "serialization-hostile" })
-    public void testMapKeysSizeRemove(String name, Supplier<Map<Integer, Integer>> c) {
+    public void testMapKeysSizeRemove(String name, Supplier<Map<String, String>> c) {
         testCollectionSizeRemove(name + " key set", c.get().keySet());
     }
 
     @Test(dataProvider = "maps", groups = { "serialization-hostile" })
-    public void testMapValuesSizeRemove(String name, Supplier<Map<Integer, Integer>> c) {
+    public void testMapValuesSizeRemove(String name, Supplier<Map<String, String>> c) {
         testCollectionSizeRemove(name + " value set", c.get().values());
     }
 
     @Test(dataProvider = "maps")
-    public void testMapEntriesSizeRemove(String name, Supplier<Map<Integer, Integer>> c) {
+    public void testMapEntriesSizeRemove(String name, Supplier<Map<String, String>> c) {
         testEntrySetSizeRemove(name + " entry set", c.get().entrySet());
     }
 
-    private void testEntrySetSizeRemove(String name, Set<Map.Entry<Integer, Integer>> c) {
-        Map.Entry<Integer, Integer> first = c.iterator().next();
+    private void testEntrySetSizeRemove(String name, Set<Map.Entry<String, String>> c) {
+        Map.Entry<String, String> first = c.iterator().next();
         assertTrue(c.remove(first));
-        Stream<Map.Entry<Integer, Integer>> s = c.stream();
-        Map.Entry<Integer, Integer> second = c.iterator().next();
+        Stream<Map.Entry<String, String>> s = c.stream();
+        Map.Entry<String, String> second = c.iterator().next();
         assertTrue(c.remove(second));
         Object[] result = s.toArray();
         assertEquals(result.length, c.size());
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/AccessFlagsTest.java b/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/AccessFlagsTest.java
index 379dcddb9c8..90872bb0b70 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/AccessFlagsTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/AccessFlagsTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 /*
  * @test
  * @summary Testing ClassFile AccessFlags.
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.reflect
  * @run junit AccessFlagsTest
  */
 import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
@@ -33,8 +34,6 @@
 import java.util.Random;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.function.Consumer;
-import java.util.function.Function;
-import java.util.function.IntFunction;
 import java.lang.reflect.AccessFlag;
 import java.lang.classfile.AccessFlags;
 
@@ -42,6 +41,8 @@
 import static java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs.CD_int;
 import static java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs.MTD_void;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+import jdk.internal.reflect.PreviewAccessFlags;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.EnumSource;
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
@@ -51,52 +52,86 @@ class AccessFlagsTest {
     @ParameterizedTest
     @EnumSource(names = { "CLASS", "METHOD", "FIELD" })
     void testRandomAccessFlagsConverions(AccessFlag.Location ctx) {
-        IntFunction<AccessFlags> intFactory = switch (ctx) {
-            case CLASS -> v -> {
-                var bytes = ClassFile.of().build(ClassDesc.of("Test"), clb -> clb.withFlags(v));
+        interface IntFlagsFactory {
+            AccessFlags create(int flags, boolean preview);
+        }
+        interface SymbolicFlagsFactory {
+            AccessFlags create(AccessFlag[] flags, boolean preview);
+        }
+        IntFlagsFactory intFactory = switch (ctx) {
+            case CLASS -> (v, preview) -> {
+                var bytes = ClassFile.of().build(ClassDesc.of("Test"), clb -> {
+                    if (preview) {
+                        clb.withVersion(ClassFile.latestMajorVersion(), ClassFile.PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION);
+                    }
+                    clb.withFlags(v);
+                });
                 return ClassFile.of().parse(bytes).flags();
             };
-            case METHOD -> v -> {
-                var bytes = ClassFile.of().build(ClassDesc.of("Test"), clb ->
-                        clb.withMethod("test", MTD_void, v & ACC_STATIC, mb -> mb.withFlags(v)));
+            case METHOD -> (v, preview) -> {
+                var bytes = ClassFile.of().build(ClassDesc.of("Test"), clb -> {
+                    if (preview) {
+                        clb.withVersion(ClassFile.latestMajorVersion(), ClassFile.PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION);
+                    }
+                    clb.withMethod("test", MTD_void, v & ACC_STATIC, mb -> mb.withFlags(v));
+                });
                 return ClassFile.of().parse(bytes).methods().getFirst().flags();
             };
-            case FIELD -> v -> {
-                var bytes = ClassFile.of().build(ClassDesc.of("Test"), clb ->
-                        clb.withField("test", CD_int, fb -> fb.withFlags(v)));
+            case FIELD -> (v, preview) -> {
+                var bytes = ClassFile.of().build(ClassDesc.of("Test"), clb -> {
+                    if (preview) {
+                        clb.withVersion(ClassFile.latestMajorVersion(), ClassFile.PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION);
+                    }
+                    clb.withField("test", CD_int, fb -> fb.withFlags(v));
+                });
                 return ClassFile.of().parse(bytes).fields().getFirst().flags();
             };
-            default -> null;
+            default -> fail();
         };
-        Function<AccessFlag[], AccessFlags> flagsFactory = switch (ctx) {
-            case CLASS -> v -> {
-                var bytes = ClassFile.of().build(ClassDesc.of("Test"), clb -> clb.withFlags(v));
+        SymbolicFlagsFactory flagsFactory = switch (ctx) {
+            case CLASS -> (v, preview) -> {
+                var bytes = ClassFile.of().build(ClassDesc.of("Test"), clb -> {
+                    if (preview) {
+                        clb.withVersion(ClassFile.latestMajorVersion(), ClassFile.PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION);
+                    }
+                    clb.withFlags(v);
+                });
                 return ClassFile.of().parse(bytes).flags();
             };
-            case METHOD -> v -> {
+            case METHOD -> (v, preview) -> {
                 boolean hasStatic = Arrays.stream(v).anyMatch(f -> f == AccessFlag.STATIC);
-                var bytes = ClassFile.of().build(ClassDesc.of("Test"), clb ->
-                        clb.withMethod("test", MTD_void, hasStatic ? ACC_STATIC : 0, mb -> mb.withFlags(v)));
+                var bytes = ClassFile.of().build(ClassDesc.of("Test"), clb -> {
+                    if (preview) {
+                        clb.withVersion(ClassFile.latestMajorVersion(), ClassFile.PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION);
+                    }
+                    clb.withMethod("test", MTD_void, hasStatic ? ACC_STATIC : 0, mb -> mb.withFlags(v));
+                });
                 return ClassFile.of().parse(bytes).methods().getFirst().flags();
             };
-            case FIELD -> v -> {
-                var bytes = ClassFile.of().build(ClassDesc.of("Test"), clb ->
-                        clb.withField("test", CD_int, fb -> fb.withFlags(v)));
+            case FIELD -> (v, preview) -> {
+                var bytes = ClassFile.of().build(ClassDesc.of("Test"), clb -> {
+                    if (preview) {
+                        clb.withVersion(ClassFile.latestMajorVersion(), ClassFile.PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION);
+                    }
+                    clb.withField("test", CD_int, fb -> fb.withFlags(v));
+                });
                 return ClassFile.of().parse(bytes).fields().getFirst().flags();
             };
-            default -> null;
+            default -> fail();
         };
 
-        var allFlags = EnumSet.allOf(AccessFlag.class);
-        allFlags.removeIf(f -> !f.locations().contains(ctx));
+        for (boolean preview : new boolean[] {false, true}) {
+            var allFlags = EnumSet.allOf(AccessFlag.class);
+            allFlags.removeIf(preview ? f -> !PreviewAccessFlags.locations(f).contains(ctx) : f -> !f.locations().contains(ctx));
 
-        var r = new Random(123);
-        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
-            var randomFlags = allFlags.stream().filter(f -> r.nextBoolean()).toArray(AccessFlag[]::new);
-            assertEquals(intFactory.apply(flagsFactory.apply(randomFlags).flagsMask()).flags(), Set.of(randomFlags));
+            var r = new Random(123);
+            for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+                var randomFlags = allFlags.stream().filter(f -> r.nextBoolean()).toArray(AccessFlag[]::new);
+                assertEquals(intFactory.create(flagsFactory.create(randomFlags, preview).flagsMask(), preview).flags(), Set.of(randomFlags));
 
-            var randomMask = r.nextInt(Short.MAX_VALUE);
-            assertEquals(intFactory.apply(randomMask).flagsMask(), randomMask);
+                var randomMask = r.nextInt(Short.MAX_VALUE);
+                assertEquals(intFactory.create(randomMask, preview).flagsMask(), randomMask);
+            }
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/StrictStackMapsTest.java b/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/StrictStackMapsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f91b664a69e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/StrictStackMapsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,486 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @build jdk.test.lib.ByteCodeLoader
+ * @run junit/othervm -Xverify StrictStackMapsTest
+ */
+
+import java.lang.classfile.AccessFlags;
+import java.lang.classfile.Attributes;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassBuilder;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassElement;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFileVersion;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassTransform;
+import java.lang.classfile.FieldModel;
+import java.lang.classfile.attribute.StackMapFrameInfo;
+import java.lang.classfile.attribute.StackMapTableAttribute;
+import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.ConstantPoolBuilder;
+import java.lang.constant.ClassDesc;
+import java.lang.constant.MethodTypeDesc;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.ByteCodeLoader;
+import jdk.test.lib.compiler.InMemoryJavaCompiler;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.*;
+import static java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs.*;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+class StrictStackMapsTest {
+    @Test
+    void basicBranchTest() throws Throwable {
+        var className = "Test";
+        var classDesc = ClassDesc.of(className);
+        var classBytes = ClassFile.of().build(classDesc, clb -> clb
+                .withVersion(latestMajorVersion(), PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION)
+                .withFlags(ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_IDENTITY)
+                .withField("fs", CD_int, ACC_STRICT_INIT)
+                .withField("fsf", CD_int, ACC_STRICT_INIT | ACC_FINAL)
+                .withMethodBody(INIT_NAME, MTD_void, 0, cob -> cob
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .iconst_5()
+                        .putfield(classDesc, "fs", CD_int)
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .iconst_0()
+                        .ifThenElse(thb -> thb
+                                .iconst_3()
+                                .putfield(classDesc, "fsf", CD_int), elb -> elb
+                                .iconst_2()
+                                .putfield(classDesc, "fsf", CD_int))
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .invokespecial(CD_Object, INIT_NAME, MTD_void)
+                        .return_()));
+        runtimeVerify(className, classBytes);
+        var classModel = ClassFile.of().parse(classBytes);
+        var ctorModel = classModel.methods().getFirst();
+        var stackMaps = ctorModel.code().orElseThrow().findAttribute(Attributes.stackMapTable()).orElseThrow();
+        assertEquals(2, stackMaps.entries().size(), "if -> else, then -> end");
+        var elseFrame = stackMaps.entries().get(0);
+        assertEquals(246, elseFrame.frameType(), "if -> else");
+        assertEquals(List.of(ConstantPoolBuilder.of().nameAndTypeEntry("fsf", CD_int)), elseFrame.unsetFields());
+        var mergedFrame = stackMaps.entries().get(1);
+        assertEquals(246, mergedFrame.frameType(), "then -> merge");
+        assertEquals(List.of(), mergedFrame.unsetFields());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void noEarlyFrameInOldTest() {
+        var className = "Test";
+        var classDesc = ClassDesc.of(className);
+        var classBytes = ClassFile.of().build(classDesc, clb -> clb
+                .withVersion(JAVA_26_VERSION, 0)
+                .withFlags(ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_SUPER)
+                .withField("fs", CD_int, ACC_STRICT_INIT) // spurious meaningless flags in 70.0
+                .withField("fsf", CD_int, ACC_STRICT_INIT | ACC_FINAL)
+                .withMethodBody(INIT_NAME, MTD_void, 0, cob -> cob
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .iconst_5()
+                        .putfield(classDesc, "fs", CD_int)
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .iconst_0()
+                        .ifThenElse(thb -> thb
+                                .iconst_3()
+                                .putfield(classDesc, "fsf", CD_int), elb -> elb
+                                .iconst_2()
+                                .putfield(classDesc, "fsf", CD_int))
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .invokespecial(CD_Object, INIT_NAME, MTD_void)
+                        .return_()));
+        runtimeVerify(className, classBytes);
+        var classModel = ClassFile.of().parse(classBytes);
+        var ctorModel = classModel.methods().getFirst();
+        var stackMaps = ctorModel.code().orElseThrow().findAttribute(Attributes.stackMapTable()).orElseThrow();
+        assertEquals(2, stackMaps.entries().size(), "if -> else, then -> end");
+        var elseFrame = stackMaps.entries().get(0);
+        assertNotEquals(246, elseFrame.frameType(), "if -> else");
+        assertEquals(List.of(), elseFrame.unsetFields());
+        var mergedFrame = stackMaps.entries().get(1);
+        assertNotEquals(246, mergedFrame.frameType(), "then -> merge");
+        assertEquals(List.of(), mergedFrame.unsetFields());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void skipUnnecessaryUnsetFramesTest() throws Throwable {
+        var className = "Test";
+        var classDesc = ClassDesc.of(className);
+        var classBytes = ClassFile.of().build(classDesc, clb -> clb
+                .withVersion(latestMajorVersion(), PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION)
+                .withFlags(ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_IDENTITY)
+                .withField("fPlain", CD_char, ACC_PRIVATE)
+                .withField("fs", CD_int, ACC_STRICT_INIT)
+                .withField("fsf", CD_int, ACC_STRICT_INIT | ACC_FINAL)
+                .withMethodBody(INIT_NAME, MTD_void, 0, cob -> cob
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .iconst_5()
+                        .putfield(classDesc, "fs", CD_int)
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .iconst_0()
+                        .ifThenElse(thb -> thb
+                                .iconst_3()
+                                .putfield(classDesc, "fPlain", CD_char), elb -> elb
+                                .iconst_2()
+                                .putfield(classDesc, "fPlain", CD_char))
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .iconst_5()
+                        .putfield(classDesc, "fsf", CD_int)
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .invokespecial(CD_Object, INIT_NAME, MTD_void)
+                        .return_()));
+        runtimeVerify(className, classBytes);
+        var classModel = ClassFile.of().parse(classBytes);
+        var ctorModel = classModel.methods().getFirst();
+        var stackMaps = ctorModel.code().orElseThrow().findAttribute(Attributes.stackMapTable()).orElseThrow();
+        assertEquals(2, stackMaps.entries().size(), "if -> else, then -> end");
+        var elseFrame = stackMaps.entries().get(0);
+        assertEquals(246, elseFrame.frameType(), "if -> else");
+        assertEquals(List.of(ConstantPoolBuilder.of().nameAndTypeEntry("fsf", CD_int)), elseFrame.unsetFields());
+        var mergedFrame = stackMaps.entries().get(1);
+        assertNotEquals(246, mergedFrame.frameType(), "then -> end, no redundant larval");
+        assertEquals(elseFrame.unsetFields(), mergedFrame.unsetFields(), "larval carries over in parsing");
+    }
+
+    // Also tests no larval_frame after ctor call
+    @Test
+    void clearUnsetAfterThisConstructorCallTest() throws Throwable {
+        var className = "Test";
+        var classDesc = ClassDesc.of(className);
+        var fullArgsCtorDesc = MethodTypeDesc.of(CD_void, CD_int, CD_int);
+        var classBytes = ClassFile.of().build(classDesc, clb -> clb
+                .withVersion(latestMajorVersion(), PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION)
+                .withFlags(ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_IDENTITY)
+                .withField("fPlain", CD_int, ACC_PRIVATE)
+                .withField("fs", CD_int, ACC_STRICT_INIT)
+                .withField("fsf", CD_int, ACC_STRICT_INIT | ACC_FINAL)
+                // record-style ctor
+                .withMethodBody(INIT_NAME, fullArgsCtorDesc, 0, cob -> cob
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .iload(1)
+                        .putfield(classDesc, "fs", CD_int)
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .iload(2)
+                        .putfield(classDesc, "fsf", CD_int)
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .invokespecial(CD_Object, INIT_NAME, MTD_void)
+                        .return_())
+                // delegates to the other ctor
+                .withMethodBody(INIT_NAME, MTD_void, 0, cob -> cob
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .iconst_5()
+                        .iconst_0()
+                        .invokespecial(classDesc, INIT_NAME, fullArgsCtorDesc)
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .iconst_1()
+                        .ifThenElse(thb -> thb
+                                .iconst_3()
+                                .putfield(classDesc, "fPlain", CD_int), elb -> elb
+                                .iconst_2()
+                                .putfield(classDesc, "fPlain", CD_int))
+                        .return_()));
+        runtimeVerify(className, classBytes);
+        var classModel = ClassFile.of().parse(classBytes);
+        var delegatingCtorModel = classModel.methods().stream()
+                .filter(m -> m.methodType().equalsString(MTD_void.descriptorString()))
+                .findFirst().orElseThrow();
+        var stackMaps = delegatingCtorModel.code().orElseThrow().findAttribute(Attributes.stackMapTable()).orElseThrow();
+        assertEquals(2, stackMaps.entries().size(), "if -> else, then -> merge");
+        var elseFrame = stackMaps.entries().get(0);
+        assertNotEquals(246, elseFrame.frameType(), "if -> else, no uninitializedThis, no larval frame needed to clear unset");
+        assertEquals(List.of(), elseFrame.unsetFields(), "cleared by constructor call");
+        var mergeFrame = stackMaps.entries().get(1);
+        assertNotEquals(246, mergeFrame.frameType(), "then -> merge");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void allowMultiAssignTest() throws Throwable {
+        var className = "Test";
+        var classDesc = ClassDesc.of(className);
+        var classBytes = ClassFile.of().build(classDesc, clb -> clb
+                .withVersion(latestMajorVersion(), PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION)
+                .withFlags(ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_IDENTITY)
+                .withField("fs", CD_int, ACC_STRICT_INIT)
+                .withField("fsf", CD_int, ACC_STRICT_INIT | ACC_FINAL)
+                .withMethodBody(INIT_NAME, MTD_void, 0, cob -> cob
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .iconst_1()
+                        .ifThenElse(thb -> thb
+                                .iconst_3()
+                                .putfield(classDesc, "fs", CD_int), elb -> elb
+                                // frame 0
+                                .iconst_2()
+                                .putfield(classDesc, "fsf", CD_int))
+                        // frame 1
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .iconst_5()
+                        .putfield(classDesc, "fs", CD_int)
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .loadConstant(12)
+                        .putfield(classDesc, "fsf", CD_int)
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .invokespecial(CD_Object, INIT_NAME, MTD_void)
+                        .return_()));
+        runtimeVerify(className, classBytes);
+        var classModel = ClassFile.of().parse(classBytes);
+        var ctorModel = classModel.methods().getFirst();
+        var stackMaps = ctorModel.code().orElseThrow().findAttribute(Attributes.stackMapTable()).orElseThrow();
+        assertEquals(2, stackMaps.entries().size(), () -> stackMaps.entries().toString());
+        var elseFrame = stackMaps.entries().get(0);
+        var mergeFrame = stackMaps.entries().get(1);
+        assertNotEquals(246, elseFrame.frameType(), "if -> else, no redundant larval frames");
+        assertNotEquals(246, mergeFrame.frameType(), "then -> merge, no redundant larval frames");
+        var cpb = ConstantPoolBuilder.of();
+        assertEquals(Set.of(cpb.nameAndTypeEntry("fsf", CD_int), cpb.nameAndTypeEntry("fs", CD_int)),
+                Set.copyOf(elseFrame.unsetFields()), "retains initial unsets");
+        assertEquals(elseFrame.unsetFields(), mergeFrame.unsetFields(), "no unset change");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void failOnUnsetNotClearTest() throws Throwable {
+        var className = "Test";
+        var classDesc = ClassDesc.of(className);
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ClassFile.of().build(classDesc, clb -> clb
+                .withVersion(latestMajorVersion(), PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION)
+                .withFlags(ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_IDENTITY)
+                .withField("fs0", CD_int, ACC_STRICT_INIT)
+                .withField("fs1", CD_int, ACC_STRICT_INIT | ACC_FINAL)
+                .withMethodBody(INIT_NAME, MTD_void, 0, cob -> cob
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .iconst_0()
+                        .ifThenElse(thb -> thb
+                                .iconst_3()
+                                .putfield(classDesc, "fs0", CD_int), elb -> elb
+                                .iconst_2()
+                                .putfield(classDesc, "fs1", CD_int))
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .invokespecial(CD_Object, INIT_NAME, MTD_void) // unset not clear here
+                        .return_())));
+    }
+
+    // Ensures stack maps are updated when fields are transformed to be strict
+    @Test
+    void basicTransformToStrictTest() throws Throwable {
+        var className = "Test";
+        var classDesc = ClassDesc.of(className);
+        // this class has no strict
+        var classBytes = ClassFile.of().build(classDesc, clb -> clb
+                .withVersion(latestMajorVersion(), PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION)
+                .withFlags(ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_IDENTITY)
+                .withField("fs", CD_int, 0)
+                .withField("fsf", CD_int, ACC_FINAL)
+                .withMethodBody(INIT_NAME, MTD_void, 0, cob -> cob
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .iconst_5()
+                        .putfield(classDesc, "fs", CD_int)
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .iconst_0()
+                        .ifThenElse(thb -> thb
+                                .iconst_3()
+                                .putfield(classDesc, "fsf", CD_int), elb -> elb
+                                .iconst_2()
+                                .putfield(classDesc, "fsf", CD_int))
+                        .aload(0)
+                        .invokespecial(CD_Object, INIT_NAME, MTD_void)
+                        .return_()));
+
+        classBytes = ClassFile.of().transformClass(ClassFile.of().parse(classBytes), ClassTransform.transformingFields((fb, fe) -> {
+            if (fe instanceof AccessFlags acc) {
+                fb.withFlags(acc.flagsMask() | ACC_STRICT_INIT);
+            } else {
+                fb.with(fe);
+            }
+        }));
+
+        runtimeVerify(className, classBytes);
+        var classModel = ClassFile.of().parse(classBytes);
+        var ctorModel = classModel.methods().getFirst();
+        var stackMaps = ctorModel.code().orElseThrow().findAttribute(Attributes.stackMapTable()).orElseThrow();
+        assertEquals(2, stackMaps.entries().size(), "if -> else, then -> merge");
+        var elseFrame = stackMaps.entries().get(0);
+        assertEquals(246, elseFrame.frameType(), "if -> else");
+        assertEquals(List.of(ConstantPoolBuilder.of().nameAndTypeEntry("fsf", CD_int)), elseFrame.unsetFields());
+        var mergedFrame = stackMaps.entries().get(1);
+        assertEquals(246, mergedFrame.frameType(), "then -> merge");
+        assertEquals(List.of(), mergedFrame.unsetFields());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void explicitWriteFramesTest() throws Throwable {
+        var className = "Test";
+        var classDesc = ClassDesc.of(className);
+        var classBytes = ClassFile.of(StackMapsOption.DROP_STACK_MAPS).build(classDesc, clb -> clb
+                .withVersion(latestMajorVersion(), PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION)
+                .withFlags(ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_IDENTITY)
+                .withField("fs", CD_int, ACC_STRICT_INIT)
+                .withField("fsf", CD_int, ACC_STRICT_INIT | ACC_FINAL)
+                .withMethodBody(INIT_NAME, MTD_void, 0, cob -> {
+                    var frames = new ArrayList<StackMapFrameInfo>();
+                    cob.aload(0)
+                       .iconst_0()
+                       .ifThenElse(thb -> thb
+                               .iconst_3()
+                               .putfield(classDesc, "fsf", CD_int), elb -> {
+                           // jump to else - fs, fsf unset
+                           frames.add(StackMapFrameInfo.of(elb.startLabel(),
+                                   List.of(StackMapFrameInfo.SimpleVerificationTypeInfo.UNINITIALIZED_THIS),
+                                   List.of(StackMapFrameInfo.SimpleVerificationTypeInfo.UNINITIALIZED_THIS),
+                                   List.of(elb.constantPool().nameAndTypeEntry("fs", CD_int),
+                                           elb.constantPool().nameAndTypeEntry("fsf", CD_int))));
+                           elb.iconst_2()
+                              .putfield(classDesc, "fsf", CD_int);
+                       });
+                    // merge - fs unset
+                    frames.add(StackMapFrameInfo.of(cob.newBoundLabel(),
+                            List.of(StackMapFrameInfo.SimpleVerificationTypeInfo.UNINITIALIZED_THIS),
+                            List.of(),
+                            List.of(cob.constantPool().nameAndTypeEntry("fs", CD_int))));
+                    cob.aload(0)
+                       .iconst_5()
+                       .putfield(classDesc, "fs", CD_int)
+                       .aload(0)
+                       .invokespecial(CD_Object, INIT_NAME, MTD_void)
+                       .iconst_1()
+                       .ifThen(thb -> thb.iconst_3().pop());
+                    // post larval - no uninitializedThis, empty unsets
+                    frames.add(StackMapFrameInfo.of(cob.newBoundLabel(),
+                            List.of(StackMapFrameInfo.ObjectVerificationTypeInfo.of(classDesc)),
+                            List.of()));
+                    cob.return_()
+                       .with(StackMapTableAttribute.of(frames));
+                }));
+        runtimeVerify(className, classBytes);
+        var classModel = ClassFile.of().parse(classBytes);
+        var ctorModel = classModel.methods().getFirst();
+        var stackMaps = ctorModel.code().orElseThrow().findAttribute(Attributes.stackMapTable()).orElseThrow();
+        assertEquals(3, stackMaps.entries().size(), "if -> else, then -> end, post larval");
+        var elseFrame = stackMaps.entries().get(0);
+        assertEquals(List.of(StackMapFrameInfo.SimpleVerificationTypeInfo.UNINITIALIZED_THIS), elseFrame.locals());
+        // frame type for else may or may not be 246... no unset field changes but may have reorders
+        assertEquals(2, elseFrame.unsetFields().size(), "if -> else");
+        var cpb = ConstantPoolBuilder.of();
+        assertEquals(Set.of(cpb.nameAndTypeEntry("fs", CD_int), cpb.nameAndTypeEntry("fsf", CD_int)),
+                Set.copyOf(elseFrame.unsetFields()));
+        var mergedFrame = stackMaps.entries().get(1);
+        assertEquals(List.of(StackMapFrameInfo.SimpleVerificationTypeInfo.UNINITIALIZED_THIS), mergedFrame.locals());
+        assertEquals(246, mergedFrame.frameType(), "then -> merge");
+        assertEquals(List.of(cpb.nameAndTypeEntry("fs", CD_int)), mergedFrame.unsetFields());
+        var postLarvalFrame = stackMaps.entries().get(2);
+        assertNotEquals(246, postLarvalFrame.frameType(), "postLarval"); // no larval frame here
+        assertEquals(List.of(StackMapFrameInfo.ObjectVerificationTypeInfo.of(classDesc)), postLarvalFrame.locals());
+        assertEquals(List.of(), postLarvalFrame.unsetFields());
+    }
+
+    private static void runtimeVerify(String className, byte[] classBytes) {
+        var clazz = assertDoesNotThrow(() -> ByteCodeLoader.load(className, classBytes));
+        var lookup = assertDoesNotThrow(() -> MethodHandles.privateLookupIn(clazz, MethodHandles.lookup()));
+        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> lookup.ensureInitialized(clazz)); // forces verification
+        var errors = ClassFile.of().verify(classBytes);
+        assertEquals(List.of(), errors, "Errors detected");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void transformTryCatchTest() {
+        byte[] bytes = InMemoryJavaCompiler.compile("TryCatchChild", """
+                class TryCatchChild {
+                    int x;
+                    int y;
+                    TryCatchChild() {
+                        try {
+                            x = 0;
+                            int[] a = new int[1];
+                            System.out.println(a[2]);
+                        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+                            y = 0;
+                        } finally {
+                            x = y = 1;
+                        }
+                        super();
+                    }
+                }
+                """);
+        var clazz = ClassFile.of().parse(bytes);
+        var result = ClassFile.of().transformClass(clazz, new ClassTransform() {
+            @Override
+            public void atStart(ClassBuilder builder) {
+                builder.withVersion(latestMajorVersion(), PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void accept(ClassBuilder builder, ClassElement element) {
+                switch (element) {
+                    case ClassFileVersion _ -> {}
+                    case FieldModel fm -> builder.transformField(fm, (fb, fe) -> {
+                        if (fe instanceof AccessFlags flags) {
+                            fb.withFlags(flags.flagsMask() | ACC_STRICT_INIT);
+                        } else {
+                            fb.with(fe);
+                        }
+                    });
+                    default -> builder.with(element);
+                }
+            }
+        });
+
+        runtimeVerify("TryCatchChild", result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void strictAssignmentInHandlerTest() {
+        var testName = "Test";
+        var testDesc = ClassDesc.of(testName);
+        var bytes = ClassFile.of().build(testDesc, clb -> clb
+                .withVersion(latestMajorVersion(), PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION)
+                .withFlags(ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_IDENTITY)
+                .withField("f", CD_int, ACC_STRICT_INIT)
+                .withMethodBody(INIT_NAME, MTD_void, 0, cob -> {
+                    cob.aload(0)
+                       .iconst_m1();
+                    var handledBegin = cob.newBoundLabel();
+                    cob.putfield(testDesc, "f", CD_int);
+                    var handledEnd = cob.newBoundLabel();
+                    cob.aload(0)
+                       .invokespecial(CD_Object, INIT_NAME, MTD_void)
+                       .return_();
+                    var handler = cob.newBoundLabel(); // frame with local 0 this, f unset
+                    cob.athrow();
+                    cob.exceptionCatch(handledBegin, handledEnd, handler, Optional.empty());
+                }));
+        var parsed = ClassFile.of().parse(bytes);
+        var frames = parsed.methods().getFirst().code().orElseThrow()
+                .findAttribute(Attributes.stackMapTable()).orElseThrow().entries();
+        assertEquals(1, frames.size());
+        var frame = frames.getFirst();
+        assertEquals(List.of(StackMapFrameInfo.SimpleVerificationTypeInfo.UNINITIALIZED_THIS), frame.locals());
+        assertEquals(List.of(ConstantPoolBuilder.of().nameAndTypeEntry("f", CD_int)), frame.unsetFields());
+
+        runtimeVerify(testName, bytes);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/VerifierSelfTest.java b/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/VerifierSelfTest.java
index 12458b1586e..1f0d9539472 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/VerifierSelfTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/VerifierSelfTest.java
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
  * @summary Testing ClassFile Verifier.
  * @bug 8333812 8361526
  * @run junit VerifierSelfTest
+ * @run junit/othervm --enable-preview VerifierSelfTest
  */
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.PoolEntry;
@@ -216,7 +217,6 @@ void testParserVerification() {
                                 cob.iconst_0()
                                    .ifThen(CodeBuilder::nop)
                                    .return_()
-                                   .with(new CloneAttribute(StackMapTableAttribute.of(List.of())))
                                    .with(new CloneAttribute(CharacterRangeTableAttribute.of(List.of())))
                                    .with(new CloneAttribute(LineNumberTableAttribute.of(List.of())))
                                    .with(new CloneAttribute(LocalVariableTableAttribute.of(List.of())))
@@ -336,12 +336,10 @@ Duplicate method name <> with signature ()V in class ParserVerificationTestClass
                 Wrong Signature attribute length in method ParserVerificationTestClass::m()
                 Wrong Synthetic attribute length in method ParserVerificationTestClass::m()
                 Code attribute in native or abstract method ParserVerificationTestClass::m()
-                Wrong StackMapTable attribute length in Code attribute for method ParserVerificationTestClass::m()
                 Wrong CharacterRangeTable attribute length in Code attribute for method ParserVerificationTestClass::m()
                 Wrong LineNumberTable attribute length in Code attribute for method ParserVerificationTestClass::m()
                 Wrong LocalVariableTable attribute length in Code attribute for method ParserVerificationTestClass::m()
                 Wrong LocalVariableTypeTable attribute length in Code attribute for method ParserVerificationTestClass::m()
-                Multiple StackMapTable attributes in Code attribute for method ParserVerificationTestClass::m()
                 Multiple Signature attributes in Record component c of class ParserVerificationTestClass
                 Wrong Signature attribute length in Record component c of class ParserVerificationTestClass
                 Multiple RuntimeVisibleAnnotations attributes in Record component c of class ParserVerificationTestClass
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/helpers/RebuildingTransformation.java b/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/helpers/RebuildingTransformation.java
index b66bd8f1c00..25c9dd6beea 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/helpers/RebuildingTransformation.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/helpers/RebuildingTransformation.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -105,6 +105,7 @@ static byte[] transform(ClassModel clm) {
                             ici.outerClass().map(ClassEntry::asSymbol),
                             ici.innerName().map(Utf8Entry::stringValue),
                             ici.flagsMask())).toArray(InnerClassInfo[]::new)));
+                    case LoadableDescriptorsAttribute a -> clb.with(LoadableDescriptorsAttribute.ofSymbols(a.loadableDescriptorSymbols()));
                     case ModuleAttribute a -> clb.with(ModuleAttribute.of(a.moduleName().asSymbol(), mob -> {
                         mob.moduleFlags(a.moduleFlagsMask());
                         a.moduleVersion().ifPresent(v -> mob.moduleVersion(v.stringValue()));
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/internal/jimage/ImageReaderTest.java b/test/jdk/jdk/internal/jimage/ImageReaderTest.java
index 0fadc6eec12..b75de536502 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/internal/jimage/ImageReaderTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/internal/jimage/ImageReaderTest.java
@@ -120,7 +120,8 @@ public class ImageReaderTest {
             "/modules/modbar",
             "/modules/modfoo/com",
             "/modules/modfoo/com/foo",
-            "/modules/modfoo/com/foo/bar"})
+            "/modules/modfoo/com/foo/bar",
+    })
     public void testModuleDirectories_expected(String name) throws IOException {
         try (ImageReader reader = ImageReader.open(image, PreviewMode.DISABLED)) {
             assertDir(reader, name);
@@ -135,7 +136,8 @@ public void testModuleDirectories_expected(String name) throws IOException {
             "/modules/unknown",
             "/modules/modbar/",
             "/modules/modfoo//com",
-            "/modules/modfoo/com/"})
+            "/modules/modfoo/com/",
+    })
     public void testModuleNodes_absent(String name) throws IOException {
         try (ImageReader reader = ImageReader.open(image, PreviewMode.DISABLED)) {
             assertAbsent(reader, name);
@@ -233,9 +235,11 @@ public void testResource_absent(String modName, String resPath) throws IOExcepti
             "modules/modfoo/com:foo/HasPreviewVersion.class",
     })
     public void testResource_invalid(String modName, String resPath) throws IOException {
-        try (ImageReader reader = ImageReader.open(image, PreviewMode.DISABLED)) {
-            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> reader.containsResource(modName, resPath));
-            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> reader.findResourceNode(modName, resPath));
+        for (PreviewMode mode : List.of(PreviewMode.ENABLED, PreviewMode.DISABLED)) {
+            try (ImageReader reader = ImageReader.open(image, mode)) {
+                assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> reader.containsResource(modName, resPath));
+                assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> reader.findResourceNode(modName, resPath));
+            }
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/internal/jrtfs/ClassResourcesParityTest.java b/test/jdk/jdk/internal/jrtfs/ClassResourcesParityTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e1d1206cb91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/internal/jrtfs/ClassResourcesParityTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.nio.file.FileSystems;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertDoesNotThrow;
+
+/*
+ * @test id=no-enable-preview
+ * @requires !java.enablePreview
+ * @summary Ensures parity between the JRT file system and Class.getResourceAsStream()
+ * @run junit/othervm -esa -ea ClassResourcesParityTest
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=enable-preview
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @summary Ensures parity between the JRT file system and Class.getResourceAsStream()
+ * @run junit/othervm -esa -ea ClassResourcesParityTest
+ */
+public class ClassResourcesParityTest {
+    private static final String CLASS_SUFFIX = ".class";
+    // Testing only 'java.base' is more than enough for what we're testing.
+    private static final Path JAVA_BASE =
+            FileSystems.getFileSystem(URI.create("jrt:/")).getPath("/modules/java.base");
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetResourceAsStreamParity() throws IOException {
+        Path moduleInfo = JAVA_BASE.resolve("module-info.class");
+        try (Stream<Path> classFiles = Files.walk(JAVA_BASE)
+                .filter(Files::isRegularFile)
+                .filter(p -> p.getFileName().toString().endsWith(".class"))
+                .filter(p -> !p.equals(moduleInfo))) {
+            classFiles.forEach(ClassResourcesParityTest::testMatchesGetResourceAsStream);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void testMatchesGetResourceAsStream(Path jrtClassFile) {
+        try {
+            byte[] jrtBytes = Files.readAllBytes(jrtClassFile);
+            // Remove /modules/<mod-name>/ leading segments.
+            String relPath = jrtClassFile.subpath(2, jrtClassFile.getNameCount()).toString();
+            String fqn = relPath.substring(0, relPath.length() - CLASS_SUFFIX.length()).replace('/', '.');
+            String baseName = fqn.substring(fqn.lastIndexOf('.') + 1);
+            Class<?> cls = assertDoesNotThrow(() -> Class.forName(fqn, false, null), "Failed to load: " + fqn);
+            byte[] classBytes;
+            try (InputStream is = cls.getResourceAsStream(baseName + CLASS_SUFFIX)) {
+                classBytes = Objects.requireNonNull(is).readAllBytes();
+            }
+            assertArrayEquals(jrtBytes, classBytes, "Class: " + fqn);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/internal/jrtfs/SystemImageTest.java b/test/jdk/jdk/internal/jrtfs/SystemImageTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e8abb1702b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/internal/jrtfs/SystemImageTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,622 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import jdk.internal.jimage.ImageReader;
+import jdk.internal.jimage.PreviewMode;
+import jdk.internal.jrtfs.SystemImage;
+import jdk.test.lib.compiler.InMemoryJavaCompiler;
+import jdk.test.lib.util.JarBuilder;
+import jdk.tools.jlink.internal.LinkableRuntimeImage;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assumptions;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInstance;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.io.TempDir;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.Parameter;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedClass;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.EnumSource;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ValueSource;
+import tests.Helper;
+import tests.JImageGenerator;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
+import java.nio.file.FileSystem;
+import java.nio.file.FileSystems;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+import java.util.stream.StreamSupport;
+
+import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
+import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toSet;
+import static jdk.internal.jimage.PreviewMode.DISABLED;
+import static jdk.internal.jimage.PreviewMode.ENABLED;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assumptions.assumeTrue;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Tests for SystemImage to ensure parity between ImageReader and ExplodedImage.
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.jimage
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.jrtfs
+ *          jdk.jlink/jdk.tools.jimage
+ *          jdk.jlink/jdk.tools.jlink.internal
+ * @library /test/jdk/tools/lib
+ *          /test/lib
+ * @build tests.*
+ * @run junit/othervm -esa -ea SystemImageTest
+ */
+// FIXME: Currently the test output in Jtreg does not show the implementation.
+// This is due to using both @ParameterizedClass and @ParameterizedTest to
+// create a cross-product of test parameters. The parameters of parameterized
+// tests are shown, but not the class level implementation choice.
+//
+// If you are debugging a failure in this test, change the @EnumSource line to
+// include 'names = {"[SYSTEM|EXPLODED]"}' to test a single implementation.
+@TestInstance(TestInstance.Lifecycle.PER_CLASS)
+@ParameterizedClass
+@EnumSource(SystemImageTest.ImageType.class)
+class SystemImageTest {
+    // Selects the underlying implementation to be tested.
+    enum ImageType {SYSTEM, EXPLODED}
+
+    /// The image configuration.
+    /// See [#compileModuleJar] for the exact format.
+    private static final Map<String, List<String>> IMAGE_ENTRIES = Map.of(
+            "modfoo", Arrays.asList(
+                    "com.foo.HasPreviewVersion",
+                    "com.foo.NormalFoo",
+                    "com.foo.bar.NormalBar",
+                    // Replaces original class in preview mode.
+                    "@com.foo.HasPreviewVersion",
+                    // New class in existing package in preview mode.
+                    "@com.foo.bar.IsPreviewOnly"),
+            "modbar", Arrays.asList(
+                    "com.bar.One",
+                    "com.bar.Two",
+                    // Two new packages in preview mode (new symbolic links).
+                    "@com.bar.preview.stuff.Foo",
+                    "@com.bar.preview.stuff.Bar",
+                    // File cannot be preview-overridden
+                    "!META-INF/one.txt",
+                    // File cannot be discovered out-of-preview
+                    "!META-INF/preview/com/two.txt",
+                    // File never found in jrtfs
+                    "!META-INF/preview/META-INF/one.txt"),
+            "modgus", Arrays.asList(
+                    // A second module with a preview-only empty package (preview).
+                    "@com.bar.preview.other.Gus"));
+
+    // Test data paths, built once for all tests.
+    private Path jimageFile;
+    private Path explodedModulesDir;
+
+    // The injected implementation type from @EnumSource.
+    @Parameter(0)
+    private ImageType implType;
+
+    @BeforeAll
+    public void buildTestData(@TempDir Path modulesRoot) throws IOException {
+        Helper helper = getHelper();
+        // Compile into the helper's jar directory so jlink will include it.
+        Path jarDir = compileModules(helper.getJarDir(), IMAGE_ENTRIES);
+        this.jimageFile = buildJimage(helper, IMAGE_ENTRIES.keySet());
+        explodeTestModules(jarDir, modulesRoot);
+        this.explodedModulesDir = modulesRoot;
+    }
+
+    // Make new images for each test based on the injected implementation type.
+    private SystemImage getImage(PreviewMode mode) throws IOException {
+        return switch (implType) {
+            case SYSTEM -> SystemImage.fromJimage(jimageFile, mode);
+            case EXPLODED -> SystemImage.fromDirectory(explodedModulesDir, mode);
+        };
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @ValueSource(strings = {
+            "/",
+            "/modules",
+            "/modules/modfoo",
+            "/modules/modbar",
+            "/modules/modfoo/com",
+            "/modules/modfoo/com/foo",
+            "/modules/modfoo/com/foo/bar",
+            "/modules/modbar/META-INF"})
+    public void testModuleDirectories_expected(String name) throws IOException {
+        try (var image = getImage(DISABLED)) {
+            assertDir(image, name);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @ValueSource(strings = {
+            "",
+            "//",
+            "/modules/",
+            "/modules/unknown",
+            "/modules/modbar/",
+            "/modules/modfoo//com",
+            "/modules/modfoo/com/",
+            "/modules/modfoo/com/foo/.",
+            "/modules/modfoo/com/foo/./",
+            "/modules/modfoo/com/foo/./bar",
+            "/modules/modfoo/com/foo/..",
+            "/modules/modfoo/com/foo/../",
+            "/modules/modfoo/com/bar/../foo",
+            "/modules/../packages",
+            "/modules/../..",
+            "/modules/modbar/META-INF/preview/com/two.txt",
+            "/modules/modbar/META-INF/preview/META-INF/one.txt"})
+    public void testModuleNodes_absent(String name) throws IOException {
+        try (var image = getImage(DISABLED)) {
+            assertAbsent(image, name);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testModuleResources() throws IOException {
+        try (var image = getImage(DISABLED)) {
+            assertNode(image, "/modules/modfoo/com/foo/HasPreviewVersion.class");
+            assertNode(image, "/modules/modbar/com/bar/One.class");
+
+            assertResourceContents(image, "/modules/modbar/META-INF/one.txt", "!META-INF/one.txt");
+            assertAbsent(image, "/modules/modbar/META-INF/preview/com/two.txt");
+            assertAbsent(image, "/modules/modbar/META-INF/preview/META-INF/one.txt");
+
+            ImageClassLoader loader = loader(image);
+            loader.assertNonPreviewVersion("modfoo", "com.foo.HasPreviewVersion");
+            loader.assertNonPreviewVersion("modfoo", "com.foo.NormalFoo");
+            loader.assertNonPreviewVersion("modfoo", "com.foo.bar.NormalBar");
+            loader.assertNonPreviewVersion("modbar", "com.bar.One");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testPackageDirectories() throws IOException {
+        try (var image = getImage(DISABLED)) {
+            ImageReader.Node root = assertDir(image, "/packages");
+            Set<String> pkgNames = root.getChildNames().collect(toSet());
+            assertTrue(pkgNames.contains("/packages/com"));
+            assertTrue(pkgNames.contains("/packages/com.foo"));
+            assertTrue(pkgNames.contains("/packages/com.bar"));
+
+            // Even though no classes exist directly in the "com" package, it still
+            // creates a directory with links back to all the modules which contain it.
+            Set<String> comLinks = assertDir(image, "/packages/com").getChildNames().collect(Collectors.toSet());
+            assertTrue(comLinks.contains("/packages/com/modfoo"));
+            assertTrue(comLinks.contains("/packages/com/modbar"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testPackageLinks() throws IOException {
+        try (var image = getImage(DISABLED)) {
+            ImageReader.Node moduleFoo = assertDir(image, "/modules/modfoo");
+            ImageReader.Node moduleBar = assertDir(image, "/modules/modbar");
+            assertSame(assertLink(image, "/packages/com.foo/modfoo").resolveLink(), moduleFoo);
+            assertSame(assertLink(image, "/packages/com.bar/modbar").resolveLink(), moduleBar);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testPreviewResources_disabled() throws IOException {
+        try (var image = getImage(DISABLED)) {
+            // No preview classes visible.
+            ImageClassLoader loader = loader(image);
+            loader.assertNonPreviewVersion("modfoo", "com.foo.HasPreviewVersion");
+            loader.assertNonPreviewVersion("modfoo", "com.foo.NormalFoo");
+            loader.assertNonPreviewVersion("modfoo", "com.foo.bar.NormalBar");
+
+            // NormalBar exists but IsPreviewOnly doesn't.
+            assertResource(image, "/modules/modfoo/com/foo/bar/NormalBar.class");
+            assertAbsent(image, "/modules/modfoo/com/foo/bar/IsPreviewOnly.class");
+            assertDirContents(image, "/modules/modfoo/com/foo", "HasPreviewVersion.class", "NormalFoo.class", "bar");
+            assertDirContents(image, "/modules/modfoo/com/foo/bar", "NormalBar.class");
+
+            // No preview file visible
+            assertAbsent(image, "/modules/modbar/com/two.txt");
+            // No way to override
+            assertResourceContents(image, "/modules/modbar/META-INF/one.txt", "!META-INF/one.txt");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testPreviewResources_enabled() throws IOException {
+        try (var image = getImage(ENABLED)) {
+            // Preview version of classes either overwrite existing entries or are added to directories.
+            ImageClassLoader loader = loader(image);
+            loader.assertPreviewVersion("modfoo", "com.foo.HasPreviewVersion");
+            loader.assertNonPreviewVersion("modfoo", "com.foo.NormalFoo");
+            loader.assertNonPreviewVersion("modfoo", "com.foo.bar.NormalBar");
+            loader.assertPreviewVersion("modfoo", "com.foo.bar.IsPreviewOnly");
+
+            // Both NormalBar and IsPreviewOnly exist (direct lookup and as child nodes).
+            assertResource(image, "/modules/modfoo/com/foo/bar/NormalBar.class");
+            assertResource(image, "/modules/modfoo/com/foo/bar/IsPreviewOnly.class");
+            assertDirContents(image, "/modules/modfoo/com/foo", "HasPreviewVersion.class", "NormalFoo.class", "bar");
+            assertDirContents(image, "/modules/modfoo/com/foo/bar", "NormalBar.class", "IsPreviewOnly.class");
+
+            // Visible in preview
+            assertResourceContents(image, "/modules/modbar/com/two.txt", "!META-INF/preview/com/two.txt");
+            // Content should not be overridden in preview to !META-INF/preview/META-INF/one.txt
+            assertResourceContents(image, "/modules/modbar/META-INF/one.txt", "!META-INF/one.txt");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testPreviewOnlyPackages_disabled() throws IOException {
+        try (var image = getImage(DISABLED)) {
+            // No 'preview' package or anything inside it.
+            assertDirContents(image, "/modules/modbar/com/bar", "One.class", "Two.class");
+            assertAbsent(image, "/modules/modbar/com/bar/preview");
+            assertAbsent(image, "/modules/modbar/com/bar/preview/stuff/Foo.class");
+
+            // And no package link.
+            assertAbsent(image, "/packages/com.bar.preview");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testPreviewOnlyPackages_enabled() throws IOException {
+        try (var image = getImage(ENABLED)) {
+            // In preview mode 'preview' package exists with preview only content.
+            assertDirContents(image, "/modules/modbar/com/bar", "One.class", "Two.class", "preview");
+            assertDirContents(image, "/modules/modbar/com/bar/preview/stuff", "Foo.class", "Bar.class");
+            assertResource(image, "/modules/modbar/com/bar/preview/stuff/Foo.class");
+
+            // And package links exists.
+            assertDirContents(image, "/packages/com.bar.preview", "modbar", "modgus");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testPreviewModeLinks_disabled() throws IOException {
+        try (var image = getImage(DISABLED)) {
+            assertDirContents(image, "/packages/com.bar", "modbar");
+            // Missing symbolic link and directory when not in preview mode.
+            assertAbsent(image, "/packages/com.bar.preview");
+            assertAbsent(image, "/packages/com.bar.preview.stuff");
+            assertAbsent(image, "/modules/modbar/com/bar/preview");
+            assertAbsent(image, "/modules/modbar/com/bar/preview/stuff");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testPreviewModeLinks_enabled() throws IOException {
+        try (var image = getImage(ENABLED)) {
+            // In preview mode there is a new preview-only module visible.
+            assertDirContents(image, "/packages/com.bar", "modbar", "modgus");
+            // And additional packages are present.
+            assertDirContents(image, "/packages/com.bar.preview", "modbar", "modgus");
+            assertDirContents(image, "/packages/com.bar.preview.stuff", "modbar");
+            assertDirContents(image, "/packages/com.bar.preview.other", "modgus");
+            // And the preview-only content appears as we expect.
+            assertDirContents(image, "/modules/modbar/com/bar", "One.class", "Two.class", "preview");
+            assertDirContents(image, "/modules/modbar/com/bar/preview", "stuff");
+            assertDirContents(image, "/modules/modbar/com/bar/preview/stuff", "Foo.class", "Bar.class");
+            // In both modules in which it was added.
+            assertDirContents(image, "/modules/modgus/com/bar", "preview");
+            assertDirContents(image, "/modules/modgus/com/bar/preview", "other");
+            assertDirContents(image, "/modules/modgus/com/bar/preview/other", "Gus.class");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @EnumSource(value = PreviewMode.class, names = {"DISABLED", "ENABLED"})
+    public void testPreviewEntriesAlwaysHidden(PreviewMode mode) throws IOException {
+        try (var image = getImage(mode)) {
+            // The META-INF directory exists, but does not contain the preview directory.
+            ImageReader.Node dir = assertDir(image, "/modules/modfoo/META-INF");
+            assertEquals(0, dir.getChildNames().filter(n -> n.endsWith("/preview")).count());
+            // Neither the preview directory, nor anything in it, can be looked-up directly.
+            assertAbsent(image, "/modules/modfoo/META-INF/preview");
+            assertAbsent(image, "/modules/modfoo/META-INF/preview/com/foo");
+            // HasPreviewVersion.class is a preview class in the test data, and thus appears in
+            // two places in the jimage). Ensure the preview version is always hidden.
+            String previewPath = "com/foo/HasPreviewVersion.class";
+            assertNode(image, "/modules/modfoo/" + previewPath);
+            assertAbsent(image, "/modules/modfoo/META-INF/preview/" + previewPath);
+
+            // Files: preview directory completely hidden
+            assertAbsent(image, "/modules/modbar/META-INF/preview/com/two.txt");
+            assertAbsent(image, "/modules/modbar/META-INF/preview/META-INF/one.txt");
+            // No way to override even in preview
+            assertResourceContents(image, "/modules/modbar/META-INF/one.txt", "!META-INF/one.txt");
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ======== Helper assertions with better error reporting ========
+
+    private static ImageReader.Node assertNode(SystemImage image, String name) throws IOException {
+        ImageReader.Node node = image.findNode(name);
+        assertNotNull(node, "Could not find node: " + name);
+        return node;
+    }
+
+    private static ImageReader.Node assertResource(SystemImage image, String name) throws IOException {
+        ImageReader.Node node = assertNode(image, name);
+        assertTrue(node.isResource(), "Node was not a resource: " + name);
+        return node;
+    }
+
+    private static void assertResourceContents(SystemImage image, String name, String contents) throws IOException {
+        ImageReader.Node node = assertResource(image, name);
+        assertArrayEquals(contents.getBytes(), image.getResource(node));
+    }
+
+    private static ImageReader.Node assertDir(SystemImage image, String name) throws IOException {
+        ImageReader.Node dir = assertNode(image, name);
+        assertTrue(dir.isDirectory(), "Node was not a directory: " + name);
+        return dir;
+    }
+
+    private static void assertDirContents(SystemImage image, String name, String... expectedChildNames)
+            throws IOException {
+        ImageReader.Node dir = assertDir(image, name);
+        // Use a list (not a set) to avoid hiding duplicate entries.
+        List<String> localChildNames = dir.getChildNames()
+                .peek(s -> assertTrue(s.startsWith(name + "/")))
+                .map(s -> s.substring(name.length() + 1))
+                .sorted()
+                .toList();
+        assertEquals(
+                Stream.of(expectedChildNames).sorted().toList(),
+                localChildNames,
+                String.format("Unexpected child names in directory '%s'", name));
+    }
+
+    private static ImageReader.Node assertLink(SystemImage image, String name) throws IOException {
+        ImageReader.Node link = assertNode(image, name);
+        assertTrue(link.isLink(), "Node should be a symbolic link: " + link.getName());
+        return link;
+    }
+
+    private static void assertAbsent(SystemImage image, String name) throws IOException {
+        assertNull(image.findNode(name), "Should not be able to find node: " + name);
+    }
+
+    /// Returns a custom class loader for loading instances from a given image
+    /// and making assertions about the class implementation.
+    private static ImageClassLoader loader(SystemImage image) {
+        return new ImageClassLoader(image, IMAGE_ENTRIES.keySet());
+    }
+
+    // ======== Test data creation ========
+
+    /// Builds a jimage file with the specified class entries. The classes in
+    /// the built image can be loaded and executed to return their names via
+    /// `toString()` to confirm the correct bytes were returned.
+    private static Path buildJimage(Helper helper, Set<String> moduleNames) {
+        Path outDir = helper.createNewImageDir("test");
+        // The default module path contains the directory we compiled the jars into.
+        JImageGenerator.JLinkTask jlink = JImageGenerator.getJLinkTask()
+                .modulePath(helper.defaultModulePath())
+                .output(outDir);
+        moduleNames.forEach(jlink::addMods);
+        return jlink.call().assertSuccess().resolve("lib", "modules");
+    }
+
+    /// Compiles a set of synthetic modules, as separate Jar files, in the given
+    /// directory.
+    private static Path compileModules(Path jarDir, Map<String, List<String>> entries) {
+        entries.forEach((module, classes) -> compileModuleJar(module, classes, jarDir));
+        return jarDir;
+    }
+
+    /// Compiles a synthetic module containing test classes into a single Jar
+    /// file named `<module>.jar` in the given directory. Test classes can
+    /// be instantiated and have their `toString()` method called to
+    /// return a status string for testing.
+    ///
+    /// If a fully qualified class name is prefixed with `@` then it is
+    /// compiled as a preview version of the class, with different
+    /// `toString()` representation.
+    ///
+    /// If a name is prefixed with `!` then it is an arbitrary file,
+    /// slash-separated. The content of the file is the name with prefix.
+    private static void compileModuleJar(String module, List<String> classNames, Path jarDir) {
+        JarBuilder jar = new JarBuilder(jarDir.resolve(module + ".jar").toString());
+        String moduleInfo = "module " + module + " {}";
+        jar.addEntry("module-info.class", InMemoryJavaCompiler.compile("module-info", moduleInfo));
+
+        classNames.forEach(notation -> {
+            if (notation.startsWith("!")) {
+                jar.addEntry(notation.substring(1), notation.getBytes(UTF_8));
+                return;
+            }
+            boolean isPreviewEntry = notation.startsWith("@");
+            String fqn = isPreviewEntry ? notation.substring(1) : notation;
+            int lastDot = fqn.lastIndexOf('.');
+            String pkg = fqn.substring(0, lastDot);
+            String cls = fqn.substring(lastDot + 1);
+            String source = String.format(
+                    """
+                    package %s;
+                    public class %s {
+                        public String toString() {
+                            return "%s: %s";
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """, pkg, cls, isPreviewEntry ? "Preview" : "Class", fqn);
+            String path = (isPreviewEntry ? "META-INF/preview/" : "") + fqn.replace('.', '/') + ".class";
+            jar.addEntry(path, InMemoryJavaCompiler.compile(fqn, source));
+        });
+        try {
+            jar.build();
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Unpacks Jar files in a given directory to construct an "exploded" view
+    /// of the jimage content. Modules are unpacked into a directory named after
+    /// the Jar file's base name, and synthetic "marker" files, designed to
+    /// mimic build artifacts which should be ignored, are added.
+    private static void explodeTestModules(Path jarDir, Path modulesRoot) throws IOException {
+        try (var jars = Files.list(jarDir).filter(SystemImageTest::isJarFile)) {
+            jars.forEach(jar -> explodeModuleJar(jar, modulesRoot));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isJarFile(Path p) {
+        return p.getFileName().toString().endsWith(".jar");
+    }
+
+    /// Unpacks the content of a single Jar file into a modules directory, and
+    /// adds synthetic marker files to mimic build artifacts (which should be
+    /// ignored).
+    private static void explodeModuleJar(Path jar, Path modulesRoot) {
+        String modName = jar.getFileName().toString();
+        if (!modName.endsWith(".jar")) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Bad jar file: " + jar);
+        }
+        modName = modName.substring(0, modName.length() - 4);
+        Path modDir = modulesRoot.resolve(modName);
+        try (FileSystem zipfs = FileSystems.newFileSystem(jar, Map.of("accessMode", "readOnly"))) {
+            Path rootDir = zipfs.getRootDirectories().iterator().next();
+            Set<Path> dstDirs = new HashSet<>();
+            try (var files = Files.walk(rootDir)) {
+                files.filter(Files::isRegularFile).forEach(path -> {
+                    try {
+                        // Construct equivalent destination path in modules dir.
+                        Path dst = StreamSupport.stream(path.spliterator(), false)
+                                .reduce(modDir, (d, p) -> d.resolve(p.toString()));
+                        if (dstDirs.add(dst.getParent())) {
+                            Files.createDirectories(dst.getParent());
+                        }
+                        Files.copy(path, dst);
+                    } catch (IOException ex) {
+                        throw new UncheckedIOException(ex);
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+            // Add a marker file in each directory and the module root.
+            dstDirs.forEach(SystemImageTest::writeIgnoredBuildMarker);
+            writeIgnoredBuildMarker(modDir);
+        } catch (IOException ex) {
+            throw new UncheckedIOException(ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Writes a "marker" file in a given directory to mimic build artifacts
+    /// which must be ignored when using "exploded" images.
+    private static void writeIgnoredBuildMarker(Path dir) {
+        try {
+            Files.writeString(dir.resolve("_the.ignored.marker"), "Ignored", UTF_8);
+        } catch (IOException ex) {
+            throw new UncheckedIOException(ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the helper for building JAR and jimage files.
+    private static Helper getHelper() {
+        Helper helper;
+        try {
+            boolean isLinkableRuntime = LinkableRuntimeImage.isLinkableRuntime();
+            helper = Helper.newHelper(isLinkableRuntime);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+        Assumptions.assumeTrue(helper != null, "Cannot create test helper, skipping test!");
+        return helper;
+    }
+
+    /// Provides assertions for classes loaded from a specified `SystemImage`.
+    private static class ImageClassLoader extends ClassLoader {
+        private final SystemImage image;
+        private final Set<String> testModules;
+
+        private ImageClassLoader(SystemImage image, Set<String> testModules) {
+            this.image = image;
+            this.testModules = testModules;
+        }
+
+        /// Asserts that a synthetic test class, loaded from a given module, is
+        /// the *non-preview* version.
+        ///
+        /// @param module module name
+        /// @param fqn fully qualified class name
+        public void assertNonPreviewVersion(String module, String fqn) throws IOException {
+            assertEquals("Class: " + fqn, loadAndGetToString(module, fqn));
+        }
+
+        /// Asserts that a synthetic test class, loaded from a given module, is
+        /// the *preview* version.
+        ///
+        /// @param module module name
+        /// @param fqn fully qualified class name
+        public void assertPreviewVersion(String module, String fqn) throws IOException {
+            assertEquals("Preview: " + fqn, loadAndGetToString(module, fqn));
+        }
+
+        private String loadAndGetToString(String module, String fqn) {
+            return loadAndCall(module, fqn, c -> c.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance().toString());
+        }
+
+        @FunctionalInterface
+        public interface ClassAction<R, T extends Exception> {
+            R call(Class<?> cls) throws T;
+        }
+
+        private <R> R loadAndCall(String module, String fqn, ClassAction<R, ?> action) {
+            Class<?> cls = findClass(module, fqn);
+            assertNotNull(cls, "Could not load class: " + module + "/" + fqn);
+            try {
+                return action.call(cls);
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                fail("Class loading failed", e);
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected Class<?> findClass(String module, String fqn) {
+            assumeTrue(testModules.contains(module), "Can only load classes in modules: " + testModules);
+            String name = "/modules/" + module + "/" + fqn.replace('.', '/') + ".class";
+            Class<?> cls = findLoadedClass(fqn);
+            if (cls == null) {
+                try {
+                    ImageReader.Node node = image.findNode(name);
+                    if (node != null && node.isResource()) {
+                        byte[] classBytes = image.getResource(node);
+                        cls = defineClass(fqn, classBytes, 0, classBytes.length);
+                        resolveClass(cls);
+                        return cls;
+                    }
+                } catch (IOException e) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
+                }
+            }
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/internal/jrtfs/whitebox/TEST.properties b/test/jdk/jdk/internal/jrtfs/whitebox/TEST.properties
deleted file mode 100644
index 6e60bee4991..00000000000
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/internal/jrtfs/whitebox/TEST.properties
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-modules = \
-    java.base/jdk.internal.jimage \
-    java.base/jdk.internal.jrtfs
-bootclasspath.dirs=.
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/internal/jrtfs/whitebox/java.base/jdk/internal/jrtfs/ExplodedImageTest.java b/test/jdk/jdk/internal/jrtfs/whitebox/java.base/jdk/internal/jrtfs/ExplodedImageTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index c63e163467b..00000000000
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/internal/jrtfs/whitebox/java.base/jdk/internal/jrtfs/ExplodedImageTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,232 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
- *
- * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
- * accompanied this code).
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
- * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *
- * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
- * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
- * questions.
- */
-
-package jdk.internal.jrtfs;
-
-import jdk.internal.jimage.ImageReader;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInstance;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.io.TempDir;
-import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
-import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ValueSource;
-
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.net.URI;
-import java.nio.file.DirectoryStream;
-import java.nio.file.FileSystem;
-import java.nio.file.FileSystems;
-import java.nio.file.Files;
-import java.nio.file.Path;
-import java.util.Arrays;
-import java.util.List;
-import java.util.Set;
-import java.util.stream.Collectors;
-import java.util.stream.StreamSupport;
-
-import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;
-import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
-import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
-import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;
-import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull;
-import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertSame;
-import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
-
-/**
- * Tests an {@link ExplodedImage} view of a class-file hierarchy.
- *
- * <p>For simplicity and performance, only a subset of the JRT files are copied
- * to disk for testing.
- */
-@TestInstance(TestInstance.Lifecycle.PER_CLASS)
-public class ExplodedImageTest {
-
-    private Path modulesRoot;
-    private SystemImage explodedImage;
-    private String pathSeparator;
-
-    @BeforeAll
-    public void createTestDirectory(@TempDir Path modulesRoot) throws IOException {
-        this.modulesRoot = modulesRoot;
-        this.pathSeparator = modulesRoot.getFileSystem().getSeparator();
-        // Copy only a useful subset of files for testing. Use at least two
-        // modules with "overlapping" packages to test /package links better.
-        unpackModulesDirectoriesFromJrtFileSystem(modulesRoot,
-                "java.base/java/util",
-                "java.base/java/util/zip",
-                "java.logging/java/util/logging");
-        this.explodedImage = new ExplodedImage(modulesRoot);
-    }
-
-    /** Unpacks a list of "/modules/..." directories non-recursively into the specified root directory. */
-    private static void unpackModulesDirectoriesFromJrtFileSystem(Path modulesRoot, String... dirNames)
-            throws IOException {
-        FileSystem jrtfs = FileSystems.getFileSystem(URI.create("jrt:/"));
-        List<Path> srcDirs = Arrays.stream(dirNames).map(s -> "/modules/" + s).map(jrtfs::getPath).toList();
-        for (Path srcDir : srcDirs) {
-            // Skip-1 to remove "modules" segment (not part of the file system path).
-            Path dstDir = StreamSupport.stream(srcDir.spliterator(), false)
-                    .skip(1)
-                    .reduce(modulesRoot, (path, segment) -> path.resolve(segment.toString()));
-            Files.createDirectories(dstDir);
-            try (DirectoryStream<Path> files = Files.newDirectoryStream(srcDir)) {
-                for (Path srcFile : files) {
-                    Files.copy(srcFile, dstDir.resolve(srcFile.getFileName().toString()));
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void topLevelNodes() throws IOException {
-        ImageReader.Node root = explodedImage.findNode("/");
-        ImageReader.Node modules = explodedImage.findNode("/modules");
-        ImageReader.Node packages = explodedImage.findNode("/packages");
-        assertEquals(
-                Set.of(modules.getName(), packages.getName()),
-                root.getChildNames().collect(Collectors.toSet()));
-    }
-
-    @ParameterizedTest
-    @ValueSource(strings = {
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/List.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/zip/ZipEntry.class",
-            "/modules/java.logging/java/util/logging/Logger.class"})
-    public void basicLookupResource(String expectedResourceName) throws IOException {
-        ImageReader.Node node = assertResourceNode(expectedResourceName);
-
-        Path fsRelPath = getRelativePath(expectedResourceName);
-        assertArrayEquals(
-                Files.readAllBytes(modulesRoot.resolve(fsRelPath)),
-                explodedImage.getResource(node));
-    }
-
-    @ParameterizedTest
-    @ValueSource(strings = {
-            "/modules/java.base",
-            "/modules/java.logging",
-            "/modules/java.base/java",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util",
-            "/modules/java.logging/java/util",
-    })
-    public void basicLookupDirectory(String expectedDirectoryName) throws IOException {
-        ImageReader.Node node = assertDirectoryNode(expectedDirectoryName);
-
-        Path fsRelPath = getRelativePath(expectedDirectoryName);
-        List<String> fsChildBaseNames;
-        try (DirectoryStream<Path> paths = Files.newDirectoryStream(modulesRoot.resolve(fsRelPath))) {
-            fsChildBaseNames = StreamSupport.stream(paths.spliterator(), false)
-                    .map(Path::getFileName)
-                    .map(Path::toString)
-                    .toList();
-        }
-        List<String> nodeChildBaseNames = node.getChildNames()
-                .map(s -> s.substring(node.getName().length() + 1))
-                .toList();
-        assertEquals(fsChildBaseNames, nodeChildBaseNames, "expected same child names");
-    }
-
-    @ParameterizedTest
-    @ValueSource(strings = {
-            "/packages/java/java.base",
-            "/packages/java/java.logging",
-            "/packages/java.util/java.base",
-            "/packages/java.util/java.logging",
-            "/packages/java.util.zip/java.base"})
-    public void basicLookupPackageLinks(String expectedLinkName) throws IOException {
-        ImageReader.Node node = assertLinkNode(expectedLinkName);
-        ImageReader.Node resolved = node.resolveLink();
-        assertSame(explodedImage.findNode(resolved.getName()), resolved);
-        String moduleName = expectedLinkName.substring(expectedLinkName.lastIndexOf('/') + 1);
-        assertEquals("/modules/" + moduleName, resolved.getName());
-    }
-
-    @ParameterizedTest
-    @ValueSource(strings = {
-            "/packages/java",
-            "/packages/java.util",
-            "/packages/java.util.zip"})
-    public void packageDirectories(String expectedDirectoryName) throws IOException {
-        ImageReader.Node node = assertDirectoryNode(expectedDirectoryName);
-        assertTrue(node.getChildNames().findFirst().isPresent(),
-                "Package directories should not be empty: " + node);
-    }
-
-    @ParameterizedTest
-    @ValueSource(strings = {
-            "",
-            ".",
-            "/.",
-            "modules",
-            "packages",
-            "/modules/",
-            "/modules/xxxx",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Xxxx.class",
-            "/packages/",
-            "/packages/xxxx",
-            "/packages/java.xxxx",
-            "/packages/java.util.",
-            // Mismatched module.
-            "/packages/java.util.logging/java.base",
-            "/packages/java.util.zip/java.logging",
-            // Links are not resolved as they are fetched (old/broken behaviour).
-            "/packages/java.util/java.base/java/util/Vector.class",
-    })
-    public void invalidNames(String invalidName) throws IOException {
-        assertNull(explodedImage.findNode(invalidName), "No node expected for: " + invalidName);
-    }
-
-    private ImageReader.Node assertResourceNode(String name) throws IOException {
-        ImageReader.Node node = explodedImage.findNode(name);
-        assertNotNull(node);
-        assertEquals(name, node.getName(), "expected node name: " + name);
-        assertTrue(node.isResource(), "expected a resource: " + node);
-        assertFalse(node.isDirectory(), "resources are not directories: " + node);
-        assertFalse(node.isLink(), "resources are not links: " + node);
-        return node;
-    }
-
-    private ImageReader.Node assertDirectoryNode(String name) throws IOException {
-        ImageReader.Node node = explodedImage.findNode(name);
-        assertNotNull(node);
-        assertEquals(name, node.getName(), "expected node name: " + name);
-        assertTrue(node.isDirectory(), "expected a directory: " + node);
-        assertFalse(node.isResource(), "directories are not resources: " + node);
-        assertFalse(node.isLink(), "directories are not links: " + node);
-        return node;
-    }
-
-    private ImageReader.Node assertLinkNode(String name) throws IOException {
-        ImageReader.Node node = explodedImage.findNode(name);
-        assertNotNull(node);
-        assertEquals(name, node.getName(), "expected node name: " + name);
-        assertTrue(node.isLink(), "expected a link: " + node);
-        assertFalse(node.isResource(), "links are not resources: " + node);
-        assertFalse(node.isDirectory(), "links are not directories: " + node);
-        return node;
-    }
-
-    private Path getRelativePath(String name) {
-        return Path.of(name.substring("/modules/".length()).replace("/", pathSeparator));
-    }
-}
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/internal/vm/Continuation/Fuzz.java b/test/jdk/jdk/internal/vm/Continuation/Fuzz.java
index 49d86099dc7..71038b003e3 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/internal/vm/Continuation/Fuzz.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/internal/vm/Continuation/Fuzz.java
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
  * @requires vm.opt.TieredCompilation == null | vm.opt.TieredCompilation == true
  * @modules java.base java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation java.base/jdk.internal.vm
  * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
  * @build java.base/java.lang.StackWalkerHelper
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
@@ -47,6 +48,7 @@
  * @requires vm.opt.TieredCompilation == null | vm.opt.TieredCompilation == true
  * @modules java.base java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation java.base/jdk.internal.vm
  * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
  * @build java.base/java.lang.StackWalkerHelper
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
@@ -83,6 +85,7 @@ public class Fuzz implements Runnable {
     static final boolean FILE    = true;
     static final boolean RANDOM  = true;
     static final boolean VERBOSE = false;
+    static final Random RAND = Utils.getRandomInstance();
 
     static int COMPILATION_TIMEOUT = (int)(5_000 * Utils.TIMEOUT_FACTOR); // ms
 
@@ -112,14 +115,14 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
 
     static void runTests() {
         if (FILE)   testFile("fuzz.dat");
-        if (RANDOM) testRandom(System.currentTimeMillis(), 50);
+        if (RANDOM) testRandom(RAND.nextLong(), 50);
     }
 
     ////////////////
 
     enum Op {
-        CALL_I_INT, CALL_I_DBL, CALL_I_MANY,
-        CALL_C_INT, CALL_C_DBL, CALL_C_MANY,
+        CALL_I_INT, CALL_I_DBL, CALL_I_MANY, CALL_I_VAL,
+        CALL_C_INT, CALL_C_DBL, CALL_C_MANY, CALL_C_VAL,
         CALL_I_CTCH, CALL_C_CTCH,
         CALL_I_PIN, CALL_C_PIN,
         MH_I_INT, MH_C_INT, MH_I_MANY, MH_C_MANY,
@@ -282,7 +285,7 @@ int test() {
     private static int COMPILE_LEVEL;
 
     static final int  WARMUP_ITERS = 15_000;
-    static final Op[] WARMUP_TRACE = {Op.MH_C_INT, Op.MH_C_MANY, Op.REF_C_INT, Op.REF_C_MANY, Op.CALL_C_INT};
+    static final Op[] WARMUP_TRACE = {Op.MH_C_INT, Op.MH_C_MANY, Op.REF_C_INT, Op.REF_C_MANY, Op.CALL_C_INT, Op.CALL_C_VAL};
 
     static void warmup() {
         final long start = time();
@@ -602,6 +605,118 @@ static String sfToString(Object f) {
         return f instanceof StackFrame ? StackWalkerHelper.frameToString((StackFrame)f) : Objects.toString(f);
     }
 
+    //// Value Classes
+
+    static abstract value class BaseValue {
+        public abstract int res();
+    };
+
+    static value class SmallValue extends BaseValue {
+        int x1;
+        int x2;
+
+        public SmallValue(int i) {
+            x1 = i;
+            x2 = i;
+        }
+
+        public int res() {
+            return x1 + x2;
+        }
+    };
+
+    static value class LargeValue extends BaseValue {
+        int x1;
+        int x2;
+        int x3;
+        int x4;
+        int x5;
+        int x6;
+        int x7;
+
+        public LargeValue(int i) {
+            x1 = i;
+            x2 = i;
+            x3 = i;
+            x4 = i;
+            x5 = i;
+            x6 = i;
+            x7 = i;
+        }
+
+        public int res() {
+            return x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 + x5 + x6 + x7;
+        }
+    };
+
+    static value class OopsValue extends BaseValue {
+        Object x1;
+        Object x2;
+        Object x3;
+        Object x4;
+        Object x5;
+        int x6;
+
+        public OopsValue(int i) {
+            x1 = new Object();
+            x2 = new Object();
+            x3 = new Object();
+            x4 = new Object();
+            x5 = new Object();
+            x6 = i;
+        }
+
+        public int res() {
+            return x6;
+        }
+    };
+
+    public static value class DoubleValue extends BaseValue {
+        double d1;
+        double d2;
+        double d3;
+        double d4;
+        double d5;
+        double d6;
+        double d7;
+
+        public DoubleValue(double d) {
+            d1 = d;
+            d2 = d + 1;
+            d3 = d + 2;
+            d4 = d + 3;
+            d5 = d + 4;
+            d6 = d + 4;
+            d7 = d + 4;
+        }
+
+        public int res() {
+            return (int)(d1 + d2 + d3 + d4 + d5 + d6 + d7);
+        }
+    };
+
+    static value class MixedValue extends BaseValue {
+        byte x1;
+        short x2;
+        int x3;
+        long x4;
+        double x5;
+        boolean x6;
+
+        public MixedValue(int i) {
+            x1 = (byte)i;
+            x2 = (short)i;
+            x3 = i;
+            x4 = i;
+            x5 = i;
+            x6 = (i % 2) == 0;
+        }
+
+        public int res() {
+            return (int)x1 + (int)x2 + (int)x3 + (int)x4 + (int)x5 + (x6 ? 1 : 0);
+        }
+    };
+
     //// Static Helpers
 
     static void rethrow(Throwable t) {
@@ -637,6 +752,8 @@ static void time(long startNanos, String message) {
     static final Class<?>[] run_sig = new Class<?>[]{};
     static final Class<?>[] int_sig = new Class<?>[]{int.class, int.class};
     static final Class<?>[] dbl_sig = new Class<?>[]{int.class, double.class};
+    static final Class<?>[] val_sig = new Class<?>[]{int.class, SmallValue.class,
+        LargeValue.class, OopsValue.class, DoubleValue.class, MixedValue.class};
     static final Class<?>[] mny_sig = new Class<?>[]{int.class,
         int.class, double.class, long.class, float.class, Object.class,
         int.class, double.class, long.class, float.class, Object.class,
@@ -662,6 +779,8 @@ static void time(long startNanos, String message) {
             method.put(Op.CALL_C_INT,  Fuzz.class.getDeclaredMethod("com_int", int_sig));
             method.put(Op.CALL_I_DBL,  Fuzz.class.getDeclaredMethod("int_dbl", dbl_sig));
             method.put(Op.CALL_C_DBL,  Fuzz.class.getDeclaredMethod("com_dbl", dbl_sig));
+            method.put(Op.CALL_I_VAL,  Fuzz.class.getDeclaredMethod("int_val", val_sig));
+            method.put(Op.CALL_C_VAL,  Fuzz.class.getDeclaredMethod("com_val", val_sig));
             method.put(Op.CALL_I_MANY, Fuzz.class.getDeclaredMethod("int_mny", mny_sig));
             method.put(Op.CALL_C_MANY, Fuzz.class.getDeclaredMethod("com_mny", mny_sig));
             method.put(Op.CALL_I_PIN,  Fuzz.class.getDeclaredMethod("int_pin", int_sig));
@@ -706,6 +825,11 @@ public void run() {
         long l1 = (long)res, l2 = (long)res, l3 = (long)res, l4 = (long)res;
         float f1 = (float)res, f2 = (float)res, f3 = (float)res, f4 = (float)res;
         Object o1 = res, o2 = res, o3 = res, o4 = res;
+        SmallValue sv = new SmallValue(res);
+        LargeValue lv = new LargeValue(res);
+        OopsValue ov = new OopsValue(res);
+        DoubleValue dv = new DoubleValue((double)res);
+        MixedValue mv = new MixedValue(res);
 
         for (int c = 1, index0 = index; c > 0; c--, maybeResetIndex(index0)) { // index0 is the index to which we return when we loop
             switch (next(c)) {
@@ -717,6 +841,8 @@ public void run() {
             case CALL_C_INT  -> res += com_int(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_I_DBL  -> res += (int)int_dbl(depth+1, res);
             case CALL_C_DBL  -> res += (int)com_dbl(depth+1, res);
+            case CALL_I_VAL  -> res += int_val(depth+1, sv, lv, ov, dv, mv).res();
+            case CALL_C_VAL  -> res += com_val(depth+1, sv, lv, ov, dv, mv).res();
             case CALL_I_PIN  -> res += int_pin(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_C_PIN  -> res += com_pin(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_I_MANY -> res += int_mny(depth+1, x1, d1, l1, f1, o1, x2, d2, l2, f2, o2, x3, d3, l3, f3, o3, x4, d4, l4, f4, o4);
@@ -743,6 +869,11 @@ int int_int(final int depth, int x) {
         long l1 = (long)res, l2 = (long)res, l3 = (long)res, l4 = (long)res;
         float f1 = (float)res, f2 = (float)res, f3 = (float)res, f4 = (float)res;
         Object o1 = res, o2 = res, o3 = res, o4 = res;
+        SmallValue sv = new SmallValue(x);
+        LargeValue lv = new LargeValue(x);
+        OopsValue ov = new OopsValue(x);
+        DoubleValue dv = new DoubleValue((double)x);
+        MixedValue mv = new MixedValue(x);
 
         for (int c = 1, index0 = index; c > 0; c--, maybeResetIndex(index0)) { // index0 is the index to which we return when we loop
             switch (next(c)) {
@@ -754,6 +885,8 @@ int int_int(final int depth, int x) {
             case CALL_C_INT  -> res += com_int(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_I_DBL  -> res += (int)int_dbl(depth+1, res);
             case CALL_C_DBL  -> res += (int)com_dbl(depth+1, res);
+            case CALL_I_VAL  -> res += int_val(depth+1, sv, lv, ov, dv, mv).res();
+            case CALL_C_VAL  -> res += com_val(depth+1, sv, lv, ov, dv, mv).res();
             case CALL_I_PIN  -> res += int_pin(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_C_PIN  -> res += com_pin(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_I_MANY -> res += int_mny(depth+1, x1, d1, l1, f1, o1, x2, d2, l2, f2, o2, x3, d3, l3, f3, o3, x4, d4, l4, f4, o4);
@@ -780,6 +913,11 @@ int com_int(final int depth, int x) {
         long l1 = (long)res, l2 = (long)res, l3 = (long)res, l4 = (long)res;
         float f1 = (float)res, f2 = (float)res, f3 = (float)res, f4 = (float)res;
         Object o1 = res, o2 = res, o3 = res, o4 = res;
+        SmallValue sv = new SmallValue(x);
+        LargeValue lv = new LargeValue(x);
+        OopsValue ov = new OopsValue(x);
+        DoubleValue dv = new DoubleValue((double)x);
+        MixedValue mv = new MixedValue(x);
 
         for (int c = 1, index0 = index; c > 0; c--, maybeResetIndex(index0)) { // index0 is the index to which we return when we loop
             switch (next(c)) {
@@ -791,6 +929,8 @@ int com_int(final int depth, int x) {
             case CALL_C_INT  -> res += com_int(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_I_DBL  -> res += (int)int_dbl(depth+1, res);
             case CALL_C_DBL  -> res += (int)com_dbl(depth+1, res);
+            case CALL_I_VAL  -> res += int_val(depth+1, sv, lv, ov, dv, mv).res();
+            case CALL_C_VAL  -> res += com_val(depth+1, sv, lv, ov, dv, mv).res();
             case CALL_I_PIN  -> res += int_pin(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_C_PIN  -> res += com_pin(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_I_MANY -> res += int_mny(depth+1, x1, d1, l1, f1, o1, x2, d2, l2, f2, o2, x3, d3, l3, f3, o3, x4, d4, l4, f4, o4);
@@ -817,6 +957,11 @@ int com_int(final int depth, int x) {
         long l1 = (long)res, l2 = (long)res, l3 = (long)res, l4 = (long)res;
         float f1 = (float)res, f2 = (float)res, f3 = (float)res, f4 = (float)res;
         Object o1 = res, o2 = res, o3 = res, o4 = res;
+        SmallValue sv = new SmallValue(x1);
+        LargeValue lv = new LargeValue(x1);
+        OopsValue ov = new OopsValue(x1);
+        DoubleValue dv = new DoubleValue((double)x1);
+        MixedValue mv = new MixedValue(x1);
 
         for (int c = 1, index0 = index; c > 0; c--, maybeResetIndex(index0)) { // index0 is the index to which we return when we loop
             switch (next(c)) {
@@ -828,6 +973,8 @@ int com_int(final int depth, int x) {
             case CALL_C_INT  -> res += com_int(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_I_DBL  -> res += (int)int_dbl(depth+1, res);
             case CALL_C_DBL  -> res += (int)com_dbl(depth+1, res);
+            case CALL_I_VAL  -> res += int_val(depth+1, sv, lv, ov, dv, mv).res();
+            case CALL_C_VAL  -> res += com_val(depth+1, sv, lv, ov, dv, mv).res();
             case CALL_I_PIN  -> res += int_pin(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_C_PIN  -> res += com_pin(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_I_MANY -> res += int_mny(depth+1, x1, d1, l1, f1, o1, x2, d2, l2, f2, o2, x3, d3, l3, f3, o3, x4, d4, l4, f4, o4);
@@ -854,6 +1001,11 @@ int com_int(final int depth, int x) {
         long l1 = (long)res, l2 = (long)res, l3 = (long)res, l4 = (long)res;
         float f1 = (float)res, f2 = (float)res, f3 = (float)res, f4 = (float)res;
         Object o1 = res, o2 = res, o3 = res, o4 = res;
+        SmallValue sv = new SmallValue(x1);
+        LargeValue lv = new LargeValue(x1);
+        OopsValue ov = new OopsValue(x1);
+        DoubleValue dv = new DoubleValue((double)x1);
+        MixedValue mv = new MixedValue(x1);
 
         for (int c = 1, index0 = index; c > 0; c--, maybeResetIndex(index0)) { // index0 is the index to which we return when we loop
             switch (next(c)) {
@@ -865,6 +1017,8 @@ int com_int(final int depth, int x) {
             case CALL_C_INT  -> res += com_int(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_I_DBL  -> res += (int)int_dbl(depth+1, res);
             case CALL_C_DBL  -> res += (int)com_dbl(depth+1, res);
+            case CALL_I_VAL  -> res += int_val(depth+1, sv, lv, ov, dv, mv).res();
+            case CALL_C_VAL  -> res += com_val(depth+1, sv, lv, ov, dv, mv).res();
             case CALL_I_PIN  -> res += int_pin(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_C_PIN  -> res += com_pin(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_I_MANY -> res += int_mny(depth+1, x1, d1, l1, f1, o1, x2, d2, l2, f2, o2, x3, d3, l3, f3, o3, x4, d4, l4, f4, o4);
@@ -882,6 +1036,110 @@ int com_int(final int depth, int x) {
         return log(res);
     }
 
+    @DontInline
+    BaseValue int_val(final int depth, SmallValue x1, LargeValue x2, OopsValue x3, DoubleValue x4, MixedValue x5) {
+        int res = x1.res();
+
+        int x11 = (int)res, x12 = (int)res, x13 = (int)res, x14 = (int)res;
+        double d1 = (double)res, d2 = (double)res, d3 = (double)res, d4 = (double)res;
+        long l1 = (long)res, l2 = (long)res, l3 = (long)res, l4 = (long)res;
+        float f1 = (float)res, f2 = (float)res, f3 = (float)res, f4 = (float)res;
+        Object o1 = res, o2 = res, o3 = res, o4 = res;
+        SmallValue sv = new SmallValue(res);
+        LargeValue lv = new LargeValue(res);
+        OopsValue ov = new OopsValue(res);
+        DoubleValue dv = new DoubleValue((double)res);
+        MixedValue mv = new MixedValue(res);
+
+        for (int c = 1, index0 = index; c > 0; c--, maybeResetIndex(index0)) { // index0 is the index to which we return when we loop
+            switch (next(c)) {
+            case THROW -> throwException();
+            case LOOP  -> { c += 2; index0 = index; }
+            case YIELD -> { preYield(); boolean y = Continuation.yield(SCOPE); postYield(y); c++; }
+            case DONE  -> { break; }
+            case CALL_I_INT  -> res += int_int(depth+1, (int)res);
+            case CALL_C_INT  -> res += com_int(depth+1, (int)res);
+            case CALL_I_DBL  -> res += (int)int_dbl(depth+1, res);
+            case CALL_C_DBL  -> res += (int)com_dbl(depth+1, res);
+            case CALL_I_VAL  -> res += int_val(depth+1, sv, lv, ov, dv, mv).res();
+            case CALL_C_VAL  -> res += com_val(depth+1, sv, lv, ov, dv, mv).res();
+            case CALL_I_PIN  -> res += int_pin(depth+1, (int)res);
+            case CALL_C_PIN  -> res += com_pin(depth+1, (int)res);
+            case CALL_I_MANY -> res += int_mny(depth+1, x11, d1, l1, f1, o1, x12, d2, l2, f2, o2, x13, d3, l3, f3, o3, x14, d4, l4, f4, o4);
+            case CALL_C_MANY -> res += com_mny(depth+1, x11, d1, l1, f1, o1, x12, d2, l2, f2, o2, x13, d3, l3, f3, o3, x14, d4, l4, f4, o4);
+            case CALL_I_CTCH -> {try { res += int_int(depth+1, (int)res); } catch (FuzzException e) {}}
+            case CALL_C_CTCH -> {try { res += com_int(depth+1, (int)res); } catch (FuzzException e) {}}
+            case MH_I_INT, MH_C_INT     -> {try { res += (int)handle(current()).invokeExact(this, depth+1, (int)res);  } catch (Throwable e) { rethrow(e); }}
+            case MH_I_MANY, MH_C_MANY   -> {try { res += (int)handle(current()).invokeExact(this, depth+1, x11, d1, l1, f1, o1, x12, d2, l2, f2, o2, x13, d3, l3, f3, o3, x14, d4, l4, f4, o4); } catch (Throwable e) { rethrow(e); }}
+            case REF_I_INT,  REF_C_INT  -> {try { res += (int)method(current()).invoke(this, depth+1, (int)res); } catch (InvocationTargetException e) { rethrow(e.getCause()); } catch (IllegalAccessException e) { assert false; }}
+            case REF_I_MANY, REF_C_MANY -> {try { res += (int)method(current()).invoke(this, depth+1, x11, d1, l1, f1, o1, x12, d2, l2, f2, o2, x13, d3, l3, f3, o3, x14, d4, l4, f4, o4); } catch (InvocationTargetException e) { rethrow(e.getCause()); } catch (IllegalAccessException e) { assert false; }}
+            default -> throw new AssertionError("Unknown op: " + current());
+            }
+        }
+
+        int positiveRes = (res == Integer.MIN_VALUE) ? Integer.MAX_VALUE : Math.abs(res);
+        switch (positiveRes % 5) {
+            case 0 -> { return log(new SmallValue(res)); }
+            case 1 -> { return log(new LargeValue(res)); }
+            case 2 -> { return log(new OopsValue(res)); }
+            case 3 -> { return log(new DoubleValue((double)res)); }
+            case 4 -> { return log(new MixedValue(res)); }
+            default -> throw new AssertionError("Invalid case");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @DontInline
+    BaseValue com_val(final int depth, SmallValue x1, LargeValue x2, OopsValue x3, DoubleValue x4, MixedValue x5) {
+        int res = x1.res();
+
+        int x11 = (int)res, x12 = (int)res, x13 = (int)res, x14 = (int)res;
+        double d1 = (double)res, d2 = (double)res, d3 = (double)res, d4 = (double)res;
+        long l1 = (long)res, l2 = (long)res, l3 = (long)res, l4 = (long)res;
+        float f1 = (float)res, f2 = (float)res, f3 = (float)res, f4 = (float)res;
+        Object o1 = res, o2 = res, o3 = res, o4 = res;
+        SmallValue sv = new SmallValue(res);
+        LargeValue lv = new LargeValue(res);
+        OopsValue ov = new OopsValue(res);
+        DoubleValue dv = new DoubleValue((double)res);
+        MixedValue mv = new MixedValue(res);
+
+        for (int c = 1, index0 = index; c > 0; c--, maybeResetIndex(index0)) { // index0 is the index to which we return when we loop
+            switch (next(c)) {
+            case THROW -> throwException();
+            case LOOP  -> { c += 2; index0 = index; }
+            case YIELD -> { preYield(); boolean y = Continuation.yield(SCOPE); postYield(y); c++; }
+            case DONE  -> { break; }
+            case CALL_I_INT  -> res += int_int(depth+1, (int)res);
+            case CALL_C_INT  -> res += com_int(depth+1, (int)res);
+            case CALL_I_DBL  -> res += (int)int_dbl(depth+1, res);
+            case CALL_C_DBL  -> res += (int)com_dbl(depth+1, res);
+            case CALL_I_VAL  -> res += int_val(depth+1, sv, lv, ov, dv, mv).res();
+            case CALL_C_VAL  -> res += com_val(depth+1, sv, lv, ov, dv, mv).res();
+            case CALL_I_PIN  -> res += int_pin(depth+1, (int)res);
+            case CALL_C_PIN  -> res += com_pin(depth+1, (int)res);
+            case CALL_I_MANY -> res += int_mny(depth+1, x11, d1, l1, f1, o1, x12, d2, l2, f2, o2, x13, d3, l3, f3, o3, x14, d4, l4, f4, o4);
+            case CALL_C_MANY -> res += com_mny(depth+1, x11, d1, l1, f1, o1, x12, d2, l2, f2, o2, x13, d3, l3, f3, o3, x14, d4, l4, f4, o4);
+            case CALL_I_CTCH -> {try { res += int_int(depth+1, (int)res); } catch (FuzzException e) {}}
+            case CALL_C_CTCH -> {try { res += com_int(depth+1, (int)res); } catch (FuzzException e) {}}
+            case MH_I_INT, MH_C_INT     -> {try { res += (int)handle(current()).invokeExact(this, depth+1, (int)res);  } catch (Throwable e) { rethrow(e); }}
+            case MH_I_MANY, MH_C_MANY   -> {try { res += (int)handle(current()).invokeExact(this, depth+1, x11, d1, l1, f1, o1, x12, d2, l2, f2, o2, x13, d3, l3, f3, o3, x14, d4, l4, f4, o4); } catch (Throwable e) { rethrow(e); }}
+            case REF_I_INT,  REF_C_INT  -> {try { res += (int)method(current()).invoke(this, depth+1, (int)res); } catch (InvocationTargetException e) { rethrow(e.getCause()); } catch (IllegalAccessException e) { assert false; }}
+            case REF_I_MANY, REF_C_MANY -> {try { res += (int)method(current()).invoke(this, depth+1, x11, d1, l1, f1, o1, x12, d2, l2, f2, o2, x13, d3, l3, f3, o3, x14, d4, l4, f4, o4); } catch (InvocationTargetException e) { rethrow(e.getCause()); } catch (IllegalAccessException e) { assert false; }}
+            default -> throw new AssertionError("Unknown op: " + current());
+            }
+        }
+
+        int positiveRes = (res == Integer.MIN_VALUE) ? Integer.MAX_VALUE : Math.abs(res);
+        switch (positiveRes % 5) {
+            case 0 -> { return log(new SmallValue(res)); }
+            case 1 -> { return log(new LargeValue(res)); }
+            case 2 -> { return log(new OopsValue(res)); }
+            case 3 -> { return log(new DoubleValue((double)res)); }
+            case 4 -> { return log(new MixedValue(res)); }
+            default -> throw new AssertionError("Invalid case");
+        }
+    }
+
     @DontInline
     int int_pin(final int depth, int x) {
         int res = x;
@@ -891,6 +1149,11 @@ int int_pin(final int depth, int x) {
         long l1 = (long)res, l2 = (long)res, l3 = (long)res, l4 = (long)res;
         float f1 = (float)res, f2 = (float)res, f3 = (float)res, f4 = (float)res;
         Object o1 = res, o2 = res, o3 = res, o4 = res;
+        SmallValue sv = new SmallValue(x);
+        LargeValue lv = new LargeValue(x);
+        OopsValue ov = new OopsValue(x);
+        DoubleValue dv = new DoubleValue((double)x);
+        MixedValue mv = new MixedValue(x);
 
         synchronized (this) {
 
@@ -904,6 +1167,8 @@ int int_pin(final int depth, int x) {
             case CALL_C_INT  -> res += com_int(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_I_DBL  -> res += (int)int_dbl(depth+1, res);
             case CALL_C_DBL  -> res += (int)com_dbl(depth+1, res);
+            case CALL_I_VAL  -> res += int_val(depth+1, sv, lv, ov, dv, mv).res();
+            case CALL_C_VAL  -> res += com_val(depth+1, sv, lv, ov, dv, mv).res();
             case CALL_I_PIN  -> res += int_pin(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_C_PIN  -> res += com_pin(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_I_MANY -> res += int_mny(depth+1, x1, d1, l1, f1, o1, x2, d2, l2, f2, o2, x3, d3, l3, f3, o3, x4, d4, l4, f4, o4);
@@ -932,6 +1197,11 @@ int com_pin(final int depth, int x) {
         long l1 = (long)res, l2 = (long)res, l3 = (long)res, l4 = (long)res;
         float f1 = (float)res, f2 = (float)res, f3 = (float)res, f4 = (float)res;
         Object o1 = res, o2 = res, o3 = res, o4 = res;
+        SmallValue sv = new SmallValue(x);
+        LargeValue lv = new LargeValue(x);
+        OopsValue ov = new OopsValue(x);
+        DoubleValue dv = new DoubleValue((double)x);
+        MixedValue mv = new MixedValue(x);
 
         synchronized (this) {
 
@@ -945,6 +1215,8 @@ int com_pin(final int depth, int x) {
             case CALL_C_INT  -> res += com_int(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_I_DBL  -> res += (int)int_dbl(depth+1, res);
             case CALL_C_DBL  -> res += (int)com_dbl(depth+1, res);
+            case CALL_I_VAL  -> res += int_val(depth+1, sv, lv, ov, dv, mv).res();
+            case CALL_C_VAL  -> res += com_val(depth+1, sv, lv, ov, dv, mv).res();
             case CALL_I_PIN  -> res += int_pin(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_C_PIN  -> res += com_pin(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_I_MANY -> res += int_mny(depth+1, x1, d1, l1, f1, o1, x2, d2, l2, f2, o2, x3, d3, l3, f3, o3, x4, d4, l4, f4, o4);
@@ -972,6 +1244,11 @@ int int_mny(int depth,
         int x4, double d4, long l4, float f4, Object o4) {
 
         double res = x1 + d2 + f3 + l4 + (double)(o4 instanceof Double ? (Double)o4 : (Integer)o4);
+        SmallValue sv = new SmallValue(x1);
+        LargeValue lv = new LargeValue(x1);
+        OopsValue ov = new OopsValue(x1);
+        DoubleValue dv = new DoubleValue((double)x1);
+        MixedValue mv = new MixedValue(x1);
 
         for (int c = 1, index0 = index; c > 0; c--, maybeResetIndex(index0)) { // index0 is the index to which we return when we loop
             switch (next(c)) {
@@ -983,6 +1260,8 @@ int int_mny(int depth,
             case CALL_C_INT  -> res += com_int(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_I_DBL  -> res += (int)int_dbl(depth+1, res);
             case CALL_C_DBL  -> res += (int)com_dbl(depth+1, res);
+            case CALL_I_VAL  -> res += int_val(depth+1, sv, lv, ov, dv, mv).res();
+            case CALL_C_VAL  -> res += com_val(depth+1, sv, lv, ov, dv, mv).res();
             case CALL_I_PIN  -> res += int_pin(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_C_PIN  -> res += com_pin(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_I_MANY -> res += int_mny(depth+1, x1, d1, l1, f1, o1, x2, d2, l2, f2, o2, x3, d3, l3, f3, o3, x4, d4, l4, f4, o4);
@@ -1008,6 +1287,11 @@ int com_mny(int depth,
         int x4, double d4, long l4, float f4, Object o4) {
 
         double res = x1 + d2 + f3 + l4 + (double)(o4 instanceof Double ? (Double)o4 : (Integer)o4);
+        SmallValue sv = new SmallValue(x1);
+        LargeValue lv = new LargeValue(x1);
+        OopsValue ov = new OopsValue(x1);
+        DoubleValue dv = new DoubleValue((double)x1);
+        MixedValue mv = new MixedValue(x1);
 
         for (int c = 1, index0 = index; c > 0; c--, maybeResetIndex(index0)) { // index0 is the index to which we return when we loop
             switch (next(c)) {
@@ -1019,6 +1303,8 @@ int com_mny(int depth,
             case CALL_C_INT  -> res += com_int(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_I_DBL  -> res += (int)int_dbl(depth+1, res);
             case CALL_C_DBL  -> res += (int)com_dbl(depth+1, res);
+            case CALL_I_VAL  -> res += int_val(depth+1, sv, lv, ov, dv, mv).res();
+            case CALL_C_VAL  -> res += com_val(depth+1, sv, lv, ov, dv, mv).res();
             case CALL_I_PIN  -> res += int_pin(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_C_PIN  -> res += com_pin(depth+1, (int)res);
             case CALL_I_MANY -> res += int_mny(depth+1, x1, d1, l1, f1, o1, x2, d2, l2, f2, o2, x3, d3, l3, f3, o3, x4, d4, l4, f4, o4);
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/api/consumer/streaming/TestCrossProcessStreaming.java b/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/api/consumer/streaming/TestCrossProcessStreaming.java
index b4bc1fec8f8..bd1c7de01c3 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/api/consumer/streaming/TestCrossProcessStreaming.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/api/consumer/streaming/TestCrossProcessStreaming.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ static class EventProducer {
 
         static Process start() throws Exception {
             String[] args = {"-XX:StartFlightRecording", EventProducer.class.getName()};
-            ProcessBuilder pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder(args);
+            ProcessBuilder pb = ProcessTools.createTestJavaProcessBuilder(args);
             return ProcessTools.startProcess("Event-Producer", pb,
                                              line -> line.contains(MAIN_STARTED),
                                              0, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/api/consumer/streaming/TestProcess.java b/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/api/consumer/streaming/TestProcess.java
index dbbdbe9c67d..9e2da991d37 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/api/consumer/streaming/TestProcess.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/api/consumer/streaming/TestProcess.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ public TestProcess(String name, boolean createCore) throws IOException {
                 "-XX:" + (createCore ? "+" : "-") + "CreateCoredumpOnCrash",
                 TestProcess.class.getName(), path.toString()
             };
-        ProcessBuilder pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder(args);
+        ProcessBuilder pb = ProcessTools.createTestJavaProcessBuilder(args);
         process = ProcessTools.startProcess(name, pb);
     }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/event/gc/configuration/TestGCYoungGenerationConfigurationEventWithMinAndMaxSize.java b/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/event/gc/configuration/TestGCYoungGenerationConfigurationEventWithMinAndMaxSize.java
index b58bb2ae7bf..dc0c8c7ff08 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/event/gc/configuration/TestGCYoungGenerationConfigurationEventWithMinAndMaxSize.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/event/gc/configuration/TestGCYoungGenerationConfigurationEventWithMinAndMaxSize.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2013, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
                              "-Xms32m",
                              "-Xmx64m",
                              Tester.class.getName()};
-        ProcessBuilder pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder(jvm_args);
+        ProcessBuilder pb = ProcessTools.createTestJavaProcessBuilder(jvm_args);
         OutputAnalyzer analyzer = ProcessTools.executeProcess(pb);
         analyzer.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
     }
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/event/os/TestInitialEnvironmentVariable.java b/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/event/os/TestInitialEnvironmentVariable.java
index e869a3da3c7..86d6f437559 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/event/os/TestInitialEnvironmentVariable.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/event/os/TestInitialEnvironmentVariable.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2013, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ public class TestInitialEnvironmentVariable {
     private final static String EVENT_NAME = EventNames.InitialEnvironmentVariable;
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        ProcessBuilder pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder(Test.class.getName());
+        ProcessBuilder pb = ProcessTools.createTestJavaProcessBuilder(Test.class.getName());
         setEnv(pb.environment());
         (new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start())).shouldHaveExitValue(0);
     }
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/event/profiling/TestNeedStackRepair.java b/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/event/profiling/TestNeedStackRepair.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3e4494ea159
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/event/profiling/TestNeedStackRepair.java
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package jdk.jfr.event.profiling;
+
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Random;
+import jdk.jfr.consumer.RecordedEvent;
+import jdk.jfr.consumer.RecordedFrame;
+import jdk.jfr.consumer.RecordedMethod;
+import jdk.jfr.consumer.RecordedStackTrace;
+import jdk.jfr.consumer.RecordingStream;
+import jdk.jfr.consumer.RecordedThread;
+import jdk.test.lib.jfr.EventNames;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @comment The purpose of this test is to verify that jdk.ExecutionSample events taken
+ *          inside frames classified as needing stack repair are processed correctly,
+ *          even though the sp_inc field of the sampled frame is overwritten by the SafepointBlob.
+ *          We must be able to resolve samples correctly, even though we cannot reconstruct these frames.
+ *          The sender is jdk.jfr.event.profiling.TestNeedStackRepair::start, which is excluded from compilation,
+ *          causing it to invoke a specific entry point of the callee, Holder::<init> that, once JIT-compiled,
+ *          unpacks fields into the stack extension space. The compiled JIT frame for Holder::<init> is resolved,
+ *          not by frame reconstruction, but by directly iterating the scope_decode_offsets of the nmethod.
+ *
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @requires vm.hasJFR
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+DebugNonSafepoints -XX:CompileCommand=exclude,jdk.jfr.event.profiling.TestNeedStackRepair::start jdk.jfr.event.profiling.TestNeedStackRepair
+ */
+public class TestNeedStackRepair {
+    static final AtomicBoolean found = new AtomicBoolean();
+    public static int value = 0;
+
+    static value class V0 {
+        byte v1;
+        byte v2;
+
+        V0(int v1, int v2) {
+            this.v1 = (byte) v1;
+            this.v2 = (byte) v2;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class V1 {
+        V0 v;
+        short s;
+
+        V1(V0 v, int s) {
+            this.v = v;
+            this.s = (short) s;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Holder {
+        V1 v1;
+        V1 v2;
+
+        Holder(V1 v1, V1 v2) {
+            this.v1 = v1;
+            this.v2 = v2;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void add(Holder h) {
+        value += h.v1.v.v1 + h.v2.s + h.v2.v.v2;
+    }
+
+    static void start(Random r) throws Exception {
+        V0 v0 = new V0(r.nextInt(), r.nextInt());
+        V0 v01 = new V0(r.nextInt(), r.nextInt());
+        V1 v1 = new V1(v0, r.nextInt());
+        V1 v11 = new V1(v01, r.nextInt());
+        Holder h = new Holder(v1, v11);
+        add(h);
+    }
+
+    static class TestThread extends Thread {
+        Random r = new Random();
+        public void run() {
+            while (true) {
+                try {
+                    TestNeedStackRepair.start(r);
+                } catch (Exception ex) {}
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static long launchTestThread() throws Exception {
+        TestThread tt = new TestThread();
+        tt.setDaemon(true);
+        try {
+            tt.start();
+        } catch (IllegalStateException ise) {}
+        return tt.threadId();
+    }
+
+    static RecordedFrame getStackTraceTopFrame(RecordedEvent e) {
+        List<RecordedFrame> frames = e.getStackTrace().getFrames();
+        return frames.getFirst();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        long threadId = launchTestThread();
+        try (RecordingStream rs = new RecordingStream()) {
+            rs.enable("jdk.ExecutionSample").withPeriod(Duration.ofMillis(1));
+            rs.onEvent("jdk.ExecutionSample", e -> {
+                if (!found.get() && threadId == e.getThread("sampledThread").getId()) {
+                    RecordedFrame topFrame = getStackTraceTopFrame(e);
+                    RecordedMethod method = topFrame.getMethod();
+                    if ("<init>".equals(method.getName())) {
+                        if (method.getType().getName().endsWith("Holder")) {
+                            if ("JIT compiled".equals(topFrame.getType())) {
+                                System.out.println(e);
+                                found.set(true);
+                                rs.close();
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            });
+            rs.startAsync();
+            rs.awaitTermination();
+            Asserts.assertTrue(found.get(), "Did not find the needs stack repair frame");
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/event/runtime/TestSyncOnValueBasedClassEvent.java b/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/event/runtime/TestSyncOnValueBasedClassEvent.java
index 7ad50c83399..ef2b32140b1 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/event/runtime/TestSyncOnValueBasedClassEvent.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/event/runtime/TestSyncOnValueBasedClassEvent.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -34,9 +34,20 @@
 
 /**
  * @test
+ * @comment The name of this test (TestSyncOnValueBasedClassEvent) makes
+ *          the reader think that we should be able to synchronize on a
+ *          ValueBasedClass, but that IS NOT the case because that would
+ *          result in an IdentityException.
+ * @comment The purpose of this test is to verify that SyncOnValueBasedClass
+ *          JFR events are generated when we synchronize on classes that
+ *          WOULD BE ValueBasedClasses IF --enable-preview is enabled. The
+ *          purpose of those JFR events is to evaluate Java codebases and
+ *          determine if synchronization is used on objects that ARE NOT
+ *          compatible with ValueBasedClasses.
  * @bug 8242263
  * @requires vm.hasJFR
  * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @requires !java.enablePreview
  * @library /test/lib
  * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:DiagnoseSyncOnValueBasedClasses=2 jdk.jfr.event.runtime.TestSyncOnValueBasedClassEvent
  */
@@ -44,7 +55,7 @@ public class TestSyncOnValueBasedClassEvent {
     static final String EVENT_NAME = EventNames.SyncOnValueBasedClass;
     static String[] classesWanted = {"java/lang/Character", "java/lang/Boolean", "java/lang/Byte", "java/lang/Short",
                                      "java/lang/Integer", "java/lang/Long", "java/lang/Float", "java/lang/Double",
-                                     "java/time/Duration", "java/util/OptionalInt", "java/lang/Runtime$Version"};
+                                     "java/lang/Runtime$Version"};
     static List<Object> testObjects = new ArrayList<Object>();
     static Integer counter = 0;
 
@@ -57,8 +68,6 @@ private static void initTestObjects() {
         testObjects.add(Long.valueOf(0x4000000000000000L));
         testObjects.add(Float.valueOf(1.20f));
         testObjects.add(Double.valueOf(1.2345));
-        testObjects.add(Duration.ofMillis(5));
-        testObjects.add(OptionalInt.of(10));
         testObjects.add(Runtime.version());
     }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/reflect/ReflectionFactory/ReflectionFactoryPreviewTest.java b/test/jdk/sun/reflect/ReflectionFactory/ReflectionFactoryPreviewTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..95aeea91bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/reflect/ReflectionFactory/ReflectionFactoryPreviewTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictInit;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import sun.reflect.ReflectionFactory;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8137058 8164908 8168980 8275137 8333796
+ * @summary Basic test for the unsupported ReflectionFactory
+ * @modules jdk.unsupported
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @build ${test.main.class}
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor
+ *             ReflectionFactoryPreviewTest$StrictSerializableChild
+ * @run junit ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+public class ReflectionFactoryPreviewTest {
+
+    // Initialized by init()
+    static ReflectionFactory factory;
+
+    @BeforeAll
+    static void init() {
+        factory = ReflectionFactory.getReflectionFactory();
+    }
+
+    abstract static value class AvcSuperType {
+        int bar;
+
+        static {
+            var f = assertDoesNotThrow(() -> AvcSuperType.class.getDeclaredField("bar"));
+            assertTrue(f.isStrictInit());
+        }
+
+        AvcSuperType(int bar) {
+            this.bar = bar;
+        }
+
+        AvcSuperType() {
+            this(42);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class SerializableChild extends AvcSuperType implements Serializable {}
+
+    static class StrictSerializableChild extends AvcSuperType implements Serializable {
+        @StrictInit int baz;
+
+        static {
+            var f = assertDoesNotThrow(() -> StrictSerializableChild.class.getDeclaredField("baz"));
+            assertTrue(f.isStrictInit());
+        }
+
+        StrictSerializableChild(int baz) {
+            this.baz = baz;
+            super();
+        }
+
+        StrictSerializableChild() {
+            this(76);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void checkNewConstructor() throws Exception {
+        MethodHandles.lookup().ensureInitialized(StrictSerializableChild.class);
+        assertNull(factory.newConstructorForSerialization(Integer.class));
+        assertNull(factory.newConstructorForSerialization(AvcSuperType.class));
+        assertSame(AvcSuperType.class, factory.newConstructorForSerialization(SerializableChild.class).getDeclaringClass());
+        assertNull(factory.newConstructorForSerialization(StrictSerializableChild.class));
+
+        assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () ->
+                factory.newConstructorForSerialization(Integer.class, Number.class.getDeclaredConstructor()));
+        assertTrue(ValueClass.hasStrictInstanceField(StrictSerializableChild.class));
+        var avcCtor = AvcSuperType.class.getDeclaredConstructor();
+        assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () ->
+                factory.newConstructorForSerialization(StrictSerializableChild.class, avcCtor));
+        assertSame(AvcSuperType.class, factory.newConstructorForSerialization(SerializableChild.class, avcCtor).getDeclaringClass());
+
+        assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () ->
+                factory.newConstructorForSerialization(AvcSuperType.class, Object.class.getDeclaredConstructor()));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/ResourcePoolTest.java b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/ResourcePoolTest.java
index 9c6aa2c9fae..b71d14f7af9 100644
--- a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/ResourcePoolTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/ResourcePoolTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -21,21 +21,11 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
-/*
- * @test
- * @summary Test a pool containing jimage resources and classes.
- * @author Jean-Francois Denise
- * @modules jdk.jlink/jdk.tools.jlink.internal
- *          jdk.jlink/jdk.tools.jlink.plugin
- * @run build ResourcePoolTest
- * @run main ResourcePoolTest
- */
-
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 import java.nio.ByteOrder;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.function.Function;
@@ -43,22 +33,27 @@
 import jdk.tools.jlink.plugin.ResourcePool;
 import jdk.tools.jlink.plugin.ResourcePoolModule;
 import jdk.tools.jlink.plugin.ResourcePoolEntry;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
-public class ResourcePoolTest {
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        new ResourcePoolTest().test();
-    }
-
-    public void test() throws Exception {
-        checkResourceAdding();
-        checkResourceVisitor();
-        checkResourcesAfterCompression();
-    }
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
 
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test a pool containing jimage resources and classes.
+ * @author Jean-Francois Denise
+ * @modules jdk.jlink/jdk.tools.jlink.internal
+ *          jdk.jlink/jdk.tools.jlink.plugin
+ * @run junit ResourcePoolTest
+ */
+public class ResourcePoolTest {
     private static final String SUFFIX = "END";
 
-    private void checkResourceVisitor() throws Exception {
+    @Test
+    public void resourceVisitor() throws Exception {
         ResourcePoolManager input = new ResourcePoolManager();
         for (int i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
             String module = "/module" + (i / 10);
@@ -69,22 +64,12 @@ private void checkResourceVisitor() throws Exception {
         ResourcePoolManager output = new ResourcePoolManager();
         ResourceVisitor visitor = new ResourceVisitor();
         input.resourcePool().transformAndCopy(visitor, output.resourcePoolBuilder());
-        if (visitor.getAmountBefore() == 0) {
-            throw new AssertionError("Resources not found");
-        }
-        if (visitor.getAmountBefore() != input.entryCount()) {
-            throw new AssertionError("Number of visited resources. Expected: " +
-                    visitor.getAmountBefore() + ", got: " + input.entryCount());
-        }
-        if (visitor.getAmountAfter() != output.entryCount()) {
-            throw new AssertionError("Number of added resources. Expected: " +
-                    visitor.getAmountAfter() + ", got: " + output.entryCount());
-        }
+        assertNotEquals(0, visitor.getAmountBefore(), "Resources not found");
+        assertEquals(visitor.getAmountBefore(), input.entryCount(), "Number of visited resources");
+        assertEquals(visitor.getAmountAfter(), output.entryCount(), "Number of added resources");
         output.entries().forEach(outResource -> {
             String path = outResource.path().replaceAll(SUFFIX + "$", "");
-            if (!input.findEntry(path).isPresent()) {
-                throw new AssertionError("Unknown resource: " + path);
-            }
+            assertTrue(input.findEntry(path).isPresent(), "Unknown resource: " + path);
         });
     }
 
@@ -117,14 +102,11 @@ public int getAmountBefore() {
         }
     }
 
-    private void checkResourceAdding() {
-        List<String> samples = new ArrayList<>();
-        samples.add("java.base");
-        samples.add("java/lang/Object");
-        samples.add("java.base");
-        samples.add("java/lang/String");
-        samples.add("java.management");
-        samples.add("javax/management/ObjectName");
+    @Test
+    public void resourceAdding() {
+        Map<String, List<String>> samples = Map.of(
+                "java.base", List.of("java/lang/Object", "java/lang/String"),
+                "java.management", List.of("javax/management/ObjectName"));
         test(samples, (resources, module, path) -> {
             try {
                 resources.add(ResourcePoolEntry.create(path, new byte[0]));
@@ -144,55 +126,84 @@ private void checkResourceAdding() {
         });
     }
 
-    private void test(List<String> samples, ResourceAdder adder) {
-        if (samples.isEmpty()) {
-            throw new AssertionError("No sample to test");
-        }
-        ResourcePoolManager resources = new ResourcePoolManager();
-        Set<String> modules = new HashSet<>();
-        for (int i = 0; i < samples.size(); i++) {
-            String module = samples.get(i);
-            modules.add(module);
-            i++;
-            String clazz = samples.get(i);
-            String path = "/" + module + "/" + clazz + ".class";
-            adder.add(resources, module, path);
-        }
-        for (int i = 0; i < samples.size(); i++) {
-            String module = samples.get(i);
-            i++;
-            String clazz = samples.get(i);
-            String path = "/" + module + "/" + clazz + ".class";
-            Optional<ResourcePoolEntry> res = resources.findEntry(path);
-            if (!res.isPresent()) {
-                throw new AssertionError("Resource not found " + path);
+    @Test
+    public void packageInference() {
+        Map<String, List<String>> samples = Map.of(
+                "java.base", List.of("NoPackage", "java/lang/String", "java/util/List"));
+        ResourcePoolManager manager = test(samples, (resources, module, path) -> {
+            try {
+                resources.add(ResourcePoolEntry.create(path, new byte[0]));
+            } catch (Exception ex) {
+                throw new RuntimeException(ex);
             }
-            checkModule(resources.resourcePool(), res.get());
-            if (resources.findEntry(clazz).isPresent()) {
-                throw new AssertionError("Resource found " + clazz);
+        });
+
+        Optional<ResourcePoolModule> modBase = manager.moduleView().findModule("java.base");
+        assertTrue(modBase.isPresent());
+        // Empty packages are not included (and should normally not exist).
+        assertEquals(Set.of("java.lang", "java.util"), modBase.get().packages());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void packageInference_previewOnly() {
+        Map<String, List<String>> samples = Map.of(
+                "java.base", List.of(
+                        "java/lang/Object",
+                        "java/lang/String",
+                        "java/util/List",
+                        "META-INF/preview/java/lang/String",
+                        "META-INF/preview/java/extra/PreviewOnly"));
+        ResourcePoolManager manager = test(samples, (resources, module, path) -> {
+            try {
+                resources.add(ResourcePoolEntry.create(path, new byte[0]));
+            } catch (Exception ex) {
+                throw new RuntimeException(ex);
             }
-        }
-        if (resources.entryCount() != samples.size() / 2) {
-            throw new AssertionError("Invalid number of resources");
-        }
+        });
+
+        Optional<ResourcePoolModule> modBase = manager.moduleView().findModule("java.base");
+        assertTrue(modBase.isPresent());
+        // Preview only package is included, and no packages start with 'META-INF'.
+        assertEquals(Set.of("java.lang", "java.util", "java.extra"), modBase.get().packages());
+        // But the preview resources exist in the META-INF/preview namespace.
+        assertTrue(modBase.get().findEntry("/java.base/META-INF/preview/java/extra/PreviewOnly.class").isPresent());
+    }
+
+    private ResourcePoolManager test(Map<String, List<String>> samples, ResourceAdder adder) {
+        assertFalse(samples.isEmpty(), "No sample to test");
+        ResourcePoolManager resources = new ResourcePoolManager();
+        samples.forEach((module, clazzes) -> {
+            clazzes.forEach(clazz -> {
+                String path = "/" + module + "/" + clazz + ".class";
+                adder.add(resources, module, path);
+            });
+        });
+        samples.forEach((module, clazzes) -> {
+            clazzes.forEach(clazz -> {
+                String path = "/" + module + "/" + clazz + ".class";
+                Optional<ResourcePoolEntry> res = resources.findEntry(path);
+                assertTrue(res.isPresent(), "Resource not found " + path);
+                checkModule(resources.resourcePool(), res.get());
+                assertTrue(resources.findEntry(clazz).isEmpty(), "Resource found " + clazz);
+            });
+        });
+        long resourcesCount = samples.values().stream().mapToInt(List::size).sum();
+        assertEquals(resourcesCount, resources.entryCount(), "Invalid number of resources");
+        assertEquals(samples.size(), resources.moduleCount(), "Invalid number of modules");
+        return resources;
     }
 
     private void checkModule(ResourcePool resources, ResourcePoolEntry res) {
         Optional<ResourcePoolModule> optMod = resources.moduleView().findModule(res.moduleName());
-        if (!optMod.isPresent()) {
-            throw new AssertionError("No module " + res.moduleName());
-        }
+        assertTrue(optMod.isPresent(), "No module " + res.moduleName());
         ResourcePoolModule m = optMod.get();
-        if (!m.name().equals(res.moduleName())) {
-            throw new AssertionError("Not right module name " + res.moduleName());
-        }
-        if (!m.findEntry(res.path()).isPresent()) {
-            throw new AssertionError("resource " + res.path()
-                    + " not in module " + m.name());
-        }
+        assertEquals(res.moduleName(), m.name(), "Not right module name " + res.moduleName());
+        assertTrue(m.findEntry(res.path()).isPresent(),
+                "resource " + res.path() + " not in module " + m.name());
     }
 
-    private void checkResourcesAfterCompression() throws Exception {
+    @Test
+    public void resourcesAfterCompression() throws Exception {
         ResourcePoolManager resources1 = new ResourcePoolManager();
         ResourcePoolEntry res1 = ResourcePoolEntry.create("/module1/toto1", new byte[0]);
         ResourcePoolEntry res2 = ResourcePoolEntry.create("/module2/toto1", new byte[0]);
@@ -215,36 +226,16 @@ private void checkResources(ResourcePoolManager resources, ResourcePoolEntry...
             modules.add(m.name());
         });
         for (ResourcePoolEntry res : expected) {
-            if (!resources.contains(res)) {
-                throw new AssertionError("Resource not found: " + res);
-            }
-
-            if (!resources.findEntry(res.path()).isPresent()) {
-                throw new AssertionError("Resource not found: " + res);
-            }
-
-            if (!modules.contains(res.moduleName())) {
-                throw new AssertionError("Module not found: " + res.moduleName());
-            }
-
-            if (!resources.contains(res)) {
-                throw new AssertionError("Resources not found: " + res);
-            }
-
-            try {
-                resources.add(res);
-                throw new AssertionError(res + " already present, but an exception is not thrown");
-            } catch (Exception ex) {
-                // Expected
-            }
+            assertTrue(resources.contains(res), "Resource not found: " + res);
+            assertTrue(resources.findEntry(res.path()).isPresent(), "Resource not found: " + res);
+            assertTrue(modules.contains(res.moduleName()), "Module not found: " + res.moduleName());
+            assertThrows(RuntimeException.class, () -> resources.add(res),
+                    res + " already present, but an exception is not thrown");
         }
 
-        try {
-            resources.add(ResourcePoolEntry.create("/module2/toto1", new byte[0]));
-            throw new AssertionError("ResourcePool is read-only, but an exception is not thrown");
-        } catch (Exception ex) {
-            // Expected
-        }
+        ResourcePoolEntry toAdd = ResourcePoolEntry.create("/module2/toto1", new byte[0]);
+        assertThrows(RuntimeException.class, () -> resources.add(toAdd),
+                "ResourcePool is read-only, but an exception is not thrown");
     }
 
     interface ResourceAdder {
diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/runtimeImage/PackagedModulesVsRuntimeImageLinkTest.java b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/runtimeImage/PackagedModulesVsRuntimeImageLinkTest.java
index ef7030d2e62..3c3bdb4905d 100644
--- a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/runtimeImage/PackagedModulesVsRuntimeImageLinkTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/runtimeImage/PackagedModulesVsRuntimeImageLinkTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2024, Red Hat, Inc.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -31,6 +32,10 @@
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.function.Predicate;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
 import tests.Helper;
 import tests.JImageGenerator;
@@ -47,9 +52,10 @@
  *          jdk.jlink/jdk.tools.jlink.internal
  *          jdk.jlink/jdk.tools.jlink.plugin
  *          jdk.jlink/jdk.tools.jimage
+ *          jdk.jlink
  * @build tests.* jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer
  *        jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools
- * @run main/othervm/timeout=1200 -Xmx1g PackagedModulesVsRuntimeImageLinkTest
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=1200 -ea -esa -Xmx1g PackagedModulesVsRuntimeImageLinkTest
  */
 public class PackagedModulesVsRuntimeImageLinkTest extends AbstractLinkableRuntimeTest {
 
@@ -70,7 +76,6 @@ void runTest(Helper helper, boolean isLinkableRuntime) throws Exception {
             builder.setLinkableRuntime();
         }
         Path javaSEruntimeLink = createJavaImageRuntimeLink(builder.build());
-
         // create a java.se using packaged modules (jmod-full)
         Path javaSEJmodFull = JImageGenerator.getJLinkTask()
                 .output(helper.createNewImageDir("java-se-jmodfull"))
@@ -120,9 +125,8 @@ private static void compareRecursively(Path javaSEJmodLess,
         Path jimageJmodFull = javaSEJmodFull.resolve(Path.of("lib")).resolve(Path.of("modules"));
         List<String> jimageContentJmodLess = JImageHelper.listContents(jimageJmodLess);
         List<String> jimageContentJmodFull = JImageHelper.listContents(jimageJmodFull);
-        if (jimageContentJmodLess.size() != jimageContentJmodFull.size()) {
-            throw new AssertionError(String.format("Size of jimage content differs for jmod-less (%d) v. jmod-full (%d)", jimageContentJmodLess.size(), jimageContentJmodFull.size()));
-        }
+        assertSameContent("jmod-less", jimageContentJmodLess, "jmod-full", jimageContentJmodFull);
+        // Both lists are same size, with same names, so enumerate either.
         for (int i = 0; i < jimageContentJmodFull.size(); i++) {
             if (!jimageContentJmodFull.get(i).equals(jimageContentJmodLess.get(i))) {
                 throw new AssertionError(String.format("Jimage content differs at index %d: jmod-full was: '%s' jmod-less was: '%s'",
@@ -145,8 +149,37 @@ private static void compareRecursively(Path javaSEJmodLess,
         }
     }
 
+    // Helper to assert the content of two jimage files are the same and provide
+    // useful debug information otherwise.
+    private static void assertSameContent(
+            String lhsLabel, List<String> lhsNames, String rhsLabel, List<String> rhsNames) {
+
+        List<String> lhsOnly =
+                lhsNames.stream().filter(Predicate.not(Set.copyOf(rhsNames)::contains)).toList();
+        List<String> rhsOnly =
+                rhsNames.stream().filter(Predicate.not(Set.copyOf(lhsNames)::contains)).toList();
+        if (!lhsOnly.isEmpty() || !rhsOnly.isEmpty()) {
+            String message = String.format(
+                    "jimage content differs for %s (%d) v. %s (%d)",
+                    lhsLabel, lhsNames.size(), rhsLabel, rhsNames.size());
+            if (!lhsOnly.isEmpty()) {
+                message += "\nOnly in " + lhsLabel + ":\n\t" + String.join("\n\t", lhsOnly);
+            }
+            if (!rhsOnly.isEmpty()) {
+                message += "\nOnly in " + rhsLabel + ":\n\t" + String.join("\n\t", rhsOnly);
+            }
+            throw new AssertionError(message);
+        }
+    }
+
     private static boolean isTreeInfoResource(String path) {
-        return path.startsWith("/packages") || path.startsWith("/modules");
+        return pathStartsWith(path, "/packages") || pathStartsWith(path, "/modules");
+    }
+
+    // Handle both "<prefix>" and "<prefix>/...".
+    private static boolean pathStartsWith(String path, String prefix) {
+        int plen = prefix.length();
+        return path.startsWith(prefix) && (path.length() == plen || path.charAt(plen) == '/');
     }
 
     private static void handleFileMismatch(Path a, Path b) {
diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/whitebox/ImageResourcesTreeTestDriver.java b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/whitebox/ImageResourcesTreeTestDriver.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..225cc637c39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/whitebox/ImageResourcesTreeTestDriver.java
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Whitebox tests for ImageResourcesTree.
+ * @modules jdk.jlink/jdk.tools.jlink.internal
+ * @build jdk.jlink/jdk.tools.jlink.internal.ImageResourcesTreeTest
+ * @run junit/othervm -ea -esa jdk.jlink/jdk.tools.jlink.internal.ImageResourcesTreeTest
+ */
+public class ImageResourcesTreeTestDriver {}
diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/whitebox/TEST.properties b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/whitebox/TEST.properties
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..35196da49bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/whitebox/TEST.properties
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+modules = \
+    jdk.jlink/jdk.tools.jlink.internal
+bootclasspath.dirs=.
diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/whitebox/jdk.jlink/jdk/tools/jlink/internal/ImageResourcesTreeTest.java b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/whitebox/jdk.jlink/jdk/tools/jlink/internal/ImageResourcesTreeTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e62cb0a3363
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/whitebox/jdk.jlink/jdk/tools/jlink/internal/ImageResourcesTreeTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package jdk.tools.jlink.internal;
+
+import jdk.internal.jimage.ModuleLink;
+import jdk.tools.jlink.internal.ImageResourcesTree.Node;
+import jdk.tools.jlink.internal.ImageResourcesTree.PackageNode;
+import jdk.tools.jlink.internal.ImageResourcesTree.ResourceNode;
+import jdk.tools.jlink.internal.ImageResourcesTree.Tree;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertInstanceOf;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertSame;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+
+public class ImageResourcesTreeTest {
+
+    private static final String MODULES_PREFIX = "/modules/";
+    private static final String PACKAGES_PREFIX = "/packages/";
+
+    @Test
+    public void directoryNodes() {
+        List<String> paths = List.of(
+                "/java.base/java/util/SomeClass.class",
+                "/java.base/java/util/SomeOtherClass.class",
+                "/java.base/java/util/resource.txt",
+                "/java.logging/java/util/logging/LoggingClass.class",
+                "/java.logging/java/util/logging/OtherLoggingClass.class");
+
+        Tree tree = new Tree(paths);
+        Map<String, Node> nodes = tree.getMap();
+
+        // All paths from the root (but not the root itself).
+        assertTrue(nodes.containsKey("/modules"));
+        assertTrue(nodes.containsKey("/modules/java.base"));
+        assertTrue(nodes.containsKey("/modules/java.base/java"));
+        assertTrue(nodes.containsKey("/modules/java.base/java/util"));
+        assertFalse(nodes.containsKey("/"));
+
+        // Check for mismatched modules.
+        assertTrue(nodes.containsKey("/modules/java.logging/java/util/logging"));
+        assertFalse(nodes.containsKey("/modules/java.base/java/util/logging"));
+
+        Set<String> dirPaths = nodes.keySet().stream()
+                .filter(p -> p.startsWith(MODULES_PREFIX))
+                .collect(Collectors.toSet());
+        for (String path : dirPaths) {
+            Node dir = nodes.get(path);
+            assertFalse(dir instanceof ResourceNode, "Unexpected resource: " + dir);
+            assertEquals(path, dir.getPath());
+            assertTrue(path.endsWith("/" + dir.getName()), "Unexpected directory name: " + dir);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void resourceNodes() {
+        List<String> paths = List.of(
+                "/java.base/module-info.class",
+                "/java.base/java/util/SomeClass.class",
+                "/java.base/java/util/SomeOtherClass.class",
+                "/java.base/java/util/resource.txt",
+                "/java.logging/module-info.class",
+                "/java.logging/java/util/logging/LoggingClass.class",
+                "/java.logging/java/util/logging/OtherLoggingClass.class");
+
+        Tree tree = new Tree(paths);
+        // This map *does not* contain the resources, only the "directory" nodes.
+        Map<String, Node> nodes = tree.getMap();
+
+        assertContainsResources(
+                nodes.get("/modules/java.base/java/util"),
+                "SomeClass.class", "SomeOtherClass.class", "resource.txt");
+        assertContainsResources(nodes.get("/modules/java.base"), "module-info.class");
+
+        assertContainsResources(
+                nodes.get("/modules/java.logging/java/util/logging"),
+                "LoggingClass.class", "OtherLoggingClass.class");
+        assertContainsResources(nodes.get("/modules/java.logging"), "module-info.class");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void expectedPackages() {
+        // Paths are only to resources. Packages are inferred.
+        List<String> paths = List.of(
+                "/java.base/java/util/SomeClass.class",
+                "/java.logging/java/util/logging/SomeClass.class");
+
+        Tree tree = new Tree(paths);
+        Map<String, Node> nodes = tree.getMap();
+        Node packages = nodes.get("/packages");
+        List<String> pkgNames = nodes.keySet().stream()
+                .filter(p -> p.startsWith(PACKAGES_PREFIX))
+                .map(p -> p.substring(PACKAGES_PREFIX.length()))
+                .sorted()
+                .toList();
+
+        assertEquals(List.of("java", "java.util", "java.util.logging"), pkgNames);
+        for (String pkgName : pkgNames) {
+            PackageNode pkgNode = assertInstanceOf(PackageNode.class, packages.getChildren(pkgName));
+            assertSame(nodes.get(PACKAGES_PREFIX + pkgNode.getName()), pkgNode);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void expectedPackageEntries() {
+        List<String> paths = List.of(
+                "/java.base/java/util/SomeClass.class",
+                "/java.logging/java/util/logging/SomeClass.class");
+
+        Tree tree = new Tree(paths);
+        Map<String, Node> nodes = tree.getMap();
+        PackageNode pkgUtil = getPackageNode(nodes, "java.util");
+        List<ModuleLink> modLinks = pkgUtil.getModuleLinks();
+        assertEquals(2, modLinks.size());
+
+        List<String> modNames = modLinks.stream().map(ModuleLink::name).toList();
+        assertEquals(List.of("java.base", "java.logging"), modNames);
+
+        // Ordered by name.
+        assertNonEmptyLink(modLinks.get(0), "java.base");
+        assertEmptyLink(modLinks.get(1), "java.logging");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void expectedPackageEntries_withPreviewResources() {
+        List<String> paths = List.of(
+                "/java.base/java/util/SomeClass.class",
+                "/java.base/java/util/OtherClass.class",
+                "/java.base/META-INF/preview/java/util/OtherClass.class",
+                "/java.logging/java/util/logging/SomeClass.class");
+
+        Tree tree = new Tree(paths);
+        Map<String, Node> nodes = tree.getMap();
+        PackageNode pkgUtil = getPackageNode(nodes, "java.util");
+        List<ModuleLink> modLinks = pkgUtil.getModuleLinks();
+
+        ModuleLink baseLink = modLinks.get(0);
+        assertNonEmptyLink(baseLink, "java.base");
+        assertTrue(baseLink.hasPreviewVersion());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void expectedPackageEntries_withPreviewOnlyPackages() {
+        List<String> paths = List.of(
+                "/java.base/java/util/SomeClass.class",
+                "/java.base/META-INF/preview/java/util/preview/only/PreviewClass.class");
+
+        Tree tree = new Tree(paths);
+        Map<String, Node> nodes = tree.getMap();
+
+        // Preview only package (with content).
+        PackageNode nonEmptyPkg = getPackageNode(nodes, "java.util.preview.only");
+        ModuleLink nonEmptyLink = nonEmptyPkg.getModuleLinks().getFirst();
+        assertNonEmptyPreviewOnlyLink(nonEmptyLink, "java.base");
+
+        // Preview only packages can be empty.
+        PackageNode emptyPkg = getPackageNode(nodes, "java.util.preview");
+        ModuleLink emptyLink = emptyPkg.getModuleLinks().getFirst();
+        assertEmptyPreviewOnlyLink(emptyLink, "java.base");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void expectedPackageOrder_sharedPackage() {
+        // Resource in many modules define the same package (java.shared), but
+        // this only has content in one module (java.content).
+        // Order of test data is shuffled to show reordering in entry list.
+        // "java.moduleN" would sort before after "java.previewN" if it were
+        // only sorted by name, but preview entries come first.
+        // Expect: preview{1..3) -> content -> module{1..3}
+        List<String> paths = List.of(
+                // Module with content in "java.shared".
+                "/java.content/java/shared/MainPackageClass.class",
+                // Other resources (in other modules) which implicitly define "java.shared".
+                "/java.module3/java/shared/three/SomeClass.class",
+                "/java.module2/java/shared/two/SomeClass.class",
+                "/java.module1/java/shared/one/SomeClass.class",
+                // Preview resources in other modules which implicitly define "java.shared".
+                "/java.preview3/META-INF/preview/java/shared/baz/SomeClass.class",
+                "/java.preview2/META-INF/preview/java/shared/bar/SomeClass.class",
+                "/java.preview1/META-INF/preview/java/shared/foo/SomeClass.class");
+
+        Tree tree = new Tree(paths);
+        Map<String, Node> nodes = tree.getMap();
+
+        PackageNode sharedPkg = getPackageNode(nodes, "java.shared");
+        List<ModuleLink> links = sharedPkg.getModuleLinks();
+
+        // Preview packages first, by name.
+        int n = 1;
+        for (ModuleLink link : links.subList(0, 3)) {
+            assertEmptyPreviewOnlyLink(link, "java.preview" + (n++));
+        }
+        // The content package (simply due to its name).
+        assertNonEmptyLink(links.get(3), "java.content");
+        // And the non-preview empty packages after.
+        n = 1;
+        for (ModuleLink link : links.subList(4, 7)) {
+            assertEmptyLink(link, "java.module" + (n++));
+        }
+    }
+
+    static PackageNode getPackageNode(Map<String, Node> nodes, String pkgName) {
+        return assertInstanceOf(PackageNode.class, nodes.get(PACKAGES_PREFIX + pkgName));
+    }
+
+    static void assertContainsResources(Node dirNode, String... resourceNames) {
+        for (String name : resourceNames) {
+            Node node = assertInstanceOf(ResourceNode.class, dirNode.getChildren(name));
+            assertEquals(name, node.getName());
+            assertEquals(dirNode.getPath() + "/" + name, node.getPath());
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void assertNonEmptyLink(ModuleLink link, String modName) {
+        assertEquals(modName, link.name(), "Unexpected module name: " + link);
+        assertTrue(link.hasResources(), "Expected non-empty linkerence: " + link);
+        assertFalse(link.isPreviewOnly(), "Expected not preview-only: " + link);
+    }
+
+    static void assertEmptyLink(ModuleLink link, String modName) {
+        assertEquals(modName, link.name(), "Unexpected module name: " + link);
+        assertFalse(link.hasResources(), "Expected empty linkerence: " + link);
+        assertFalse(link.isPreviewOnly(), "Expected not preview-only: " + link);
+    }
+
+    static void assertNonEmptyPreviewOnlyLink(ModuleLink link, String modName) {
+        assertEquals(modName, link.name(), "Unexpected module name: " + link);
+        assertTrue(link.hasResources(), "Expected empty linkerence: " + link);
+        assertTrue(link.isPreviewOnly(), "Expected preview-only: " + link);
+    }
+
+    static void assertEmptyPreviewOnlyLink(ModuleLink link, String modName) {
+        assertEquals(modName, link.name(), "Unexpected module name: " + link);
+        assertFalse(link.hasResources(), "Expected empty linkerence: " + link);
+        assertTrue(link.isPreviewOnly(), "Expected preview-only: " + link);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ArrayElementVarHandleTest.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ArrayElementVarHandleTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ec6e99fb9ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ArrayElementVarHandleTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary test VarHandle on value class array
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run junit/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseArrayFlattening ArrayElementVarHandleTest
+ * @run junit/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-UseArrayFlattening  ArrayElementVarHandleTest
+ */
+
+import java.lang.invoke.*;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+public class ArrayElementVarHandleTest {
+    static value class Point {
+        public int x;
+        public int y;
+        Point(int x, int y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class Line {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Point p1;
+        @NullRestricted
+        Point p2;
+
+        Line(Point p1, Point p2) {
+            this.p1 = p1;
+            this.p2 = p2;
+        }
+        Line(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
+            this(new Point(x1, y1), new Point(x2, y2));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final Point[] POINTS = new Point[]{
+            new Point(1, 2),
+            new Point(10, 20),
+            new Point(100, 200),
+            null
+    };
+
+    private static final Line[] LINES = new Line[]{
+            new Line(1, 2, 3, 4),
+            new Line(10, 20, 30, 40),
+            null
+    };
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> testCases() throws Throwable {
+        int plen = POINTS.length;
+        int llen = LINES.length;
+        return Stream.of(
+                Arguments.of(newArray(Object[].class, plen),    POINTS),
+                Arguments.of(newArray(Object[].class, plen),    new Object[] { "abc", new Point(1, 2) }),
+                Arguments.of(newArray(Point[].class, plen),     POINTS),
+                Arguments.of(new Point[plen],                   POINTS),
+
+                Arguments.of(newArray(Object[].class, llen),    LINES),
+                Arguments.of(newArray(Line[].class, llen),      LINES),
+                Arguments.of(new Line[llen],                    LINES)
+        );
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Constructs a new array of the specified type and size using
+     * MethodHandle.
+     */
+    private static Object[] newArray(Class<?> arrayType, int size) throws Throwable {
+        MethodHandle ctor = MethodHandles.arrayConstructor(arrayType);
+        return (Object[]) ctor.invoke(size);
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Test VarHandle to set elements of the given array with
+     * various access mode.
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("testCases")
+    public void testSetArrayElements(Object[] array, Object[] elements) {
+        Class<?> arrayType = array.getClass();
+        assertTrue(array.length >= elements.length);
+
+        VarHandle vh = MethodHandles.arrayElementVarHandle(arrayType);
+        set(vh, array.clone(), elements);
+        setVolatile(vh, array.clone(), elements);
+        setOpaque(vh, array.clone(), elements);
+        setRelease(vh, array.clone(), elements);
+        getAndSet(vh, array.clone(), elements);
+        compareAndSet(vh, array.clone(), elements);
+        compareAndExchange(vh, array.clone(), elements);
+    }
+
+    // VarHandle::set
+    void set(VarHandle vh, Object[] array, Object[] elements) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
+            vh.set(array, i, elements[i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
+            Object v = (Object) vh.get(array, i);
+            assertEquals(elements[i], v);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // VarHandle::setVolatile
+    void setVolatile(VarHandle vh, Object[] array, Object[] elements) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
+            vh.setVolatile(array, i, elements[i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
+            Object v = (Object) vh.getVolatile(array, i);
+            assertEquals(elements[i], v);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // VarHandle::setOpaque
+    void setOpaque(VarHandle vh, Object[] array, Object[] elements) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
+            vh.setOpaque(array, i, elements[i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
+            Object v = (Object) vh.getOpaque(array, i);
+            assertEquals(elements[i], v);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // VarHandle::setRelease
+    void setRelease(VarHandle vh, Object[] array, Object[] elements) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
+            vh.setRelease(array, i, elements[i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
+            Object v = (Object) vh.getAcquire(array, i);
+            assertEquals(elements[i], v);
+        }
+    }
+
+    void getAndSet(VarHandle vh, Object[] array, Object[] elements) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
+            Object o = vh.getAndSet(array, i, elements[i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
+            Object v = (Object) vh.get(array, i);
+            assertEquals(elements[i], v);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // sanity CAS test
+    // see test/jdk/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles tests
+    void compareAndSet(VarHandle vh, Object[] array, Object[] elements) {
+        // initialize to some values
+        for (int i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
+            vh.set(array, i, elements[i]);
+        }
+        // shift to the right element
+        for (int i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
+            Object v = elements[i + 1 < elements.length ? i + 1 : 0];
+            boolean cas = vh.compareAndSet(array, i, elements[i], v);
+            if (!cas)
+                System.out.format("cas = %s array[%d] = %s vs old = %s new = %s%n", cas, i, array[i], elements[i], v);
+            assertTrue(cas);
+        }
+    }
+
+    void compareAndExchange(VarHandle vh, Object[] array, Object[] elements) {
+        // initialize to some values
+        for (int i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
+            vh.set(array, i, elements[i]);
+        }
+        // shift to the right element
+        for (int i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
+            Object v = elements[i + 1 < elements.length ? i + 1 : 0];
+            assertEquals(elements[i], vh.compareAndExchange(array, i, elements[i], v));
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/FlatVarHandleTest.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/FlatVarHandleTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..25df2653512
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/FlatVarHandleTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.VarHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.VarHandle.AccessMode;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.function.BiFunction;
+import java.util.function.Function;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test atomic access modes on var handles for flattened values
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run junit/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-UseArrayFlattening -XX:-UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening FlatVarHandleTest
+ * @run junit/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseArrayFlattening -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening FlatVarHandleTest
+ */
+public class FlatVarHandleTest {
+
+    interface Pointable { }
+
+    @FunctionalInterface
+    interface TriFunction<A, B, C, R> {
+
+        R apply(A a, B b, C c);
+
+        default <V> TriFunction<A, B, C, V> andThen(
+                Function<? super R, ? extends V> after) {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(after);
+            return (A a, B b, C c) -> after.apply(apply(a, b, c));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class WeakPoint implements Pointable {
+        short x,y;
+        WeakPoint(int i, int j) { x = (short)i; y = (short)j; }
+
+        static WeakPoint[] makePoints(int len, BiFunction<Class<?>, Integer, Object[]> arrayFactory) {
+            WeakPoint[] array = (WeakPoint[])arrayFactory.apply(WeakPoint.class, len);
+            for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+                array[i] = new WeakPoint(i, i);
+            }
+            return array;
+        }
+
+        static WeakPoint[] makePoints(int len, Object initval, TriFunction<Class<?>, Integer, Object, Object[]> arrayFactory) {
+            WeakPoint[] array = (WeakPoint[])arrayFactory.apply(WeakPoint.class, len, initval);
+            for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+                array[i] = new WeakPoint(i, i);
+            }
+            return array;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class WeakPointHolder {
+        WeakPoint p_i = new WeakPoint(0, 0);
+        static WeakPoint p_s = new WeakPoint(0, 0);
+        @NullRestricted
+        WeakPoint p_i_nr;
+        @NullRestricted
+        static WeakPoint p_s_nr = new WeakPoint(0, 0);
+
+        WeakPointHolder() {
+            p_i_nr = new WeakPoint(0, 0);
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class StrongPoint implements Pointable {
+        short x,y;
+        StrongPoint(int i, int j) { x = (short)i; y = (short)j; }
+
+        static StrongPoint[] makePoints(int len, BiFunction<Class<?>, Integer, Object[]> arrayFactory) {
+            StrongPoint[] array = (StrongPoint[])arrayFactory.apply(StrongPoint.class, len);
+            for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+                array[i] = new StrongPoint(i, i);
+            }
+            return array;
+        }
+
+        static StrongPoint[] makePoints(int len, Object initval, TriFunction<Class<?>, Integer, Object, Object[]> arrayFactory) {
+            StrongPoint[] array = (StrongPoint[])arrayFactory.apply(StrongPoint.class, len, initval);
+            for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+                array[i] = new StrongPoint(i, i);
+            }
+            return array;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class StrongPointHolder {
+        StrongPoint p_i = new StrongPoint(0, 0);
+        static StrongPoint p_s = new StrongPoint(0, 0);
+    }
+
+    private static List<Arguments> fieldAccessProvider() {
+        try {
+            List<Field> fields = List.of(
+                    WeakPointHolder.class.getDeclaredField("p_s"),
+                    WeakPointHolder.class.getDeclaredField("p_i"),
+                    WeakPointHolder.class.getDeclaredField("p_s_nr"),
+                    WeakPointHolder.class.getDeclaredField("p_i_nr"),
+                    StrongPointHolder.class.getDeclaredField("p_s"),
+                    StrongPointHolder.class.getDeclaredField("p_i"));
+            List<Arguments> arguments = new ArrayList<>();
+            for (AccessMode accessMode : AccessMode.values()) {
+                for (Field field : fields) {
+                    boolean isStatic = (field.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) != 0;
+                    boolean isWeak = field.getDeclaringClass().equals(WeakPointHolder.class);
+                    Object holder = null;
+                    if (!isStatic) {
+                        holder = isWeak ? new WeakPointHolder() : new StrongPointHolder();
+                    }
+                    BiFunction<Integer, Integer, Object> factory = isWeak ?
+                            (i1, i2) -> new WeakPoint(i1, i2) :
+                            (i1, i2) -> new StrongPoint(i1, i2);
+                    boolean allowsNonPlainAccess = (field.getModifiers() & Modifier.VOLATILE) != 0 ||
+                            !ValueClass.isNullRestrictedField(field) ||
+                            !isWeak;
+                    arguments.add(Arguments.of(accessMode, holder, factory, field, allowsNonPlainAccess));
+                }
+            }
+            return arguments;
+        } catch (ReflectiveOperationException ex) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Verify that atomic access modes are not supported on flat fields.
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("fieldAccessProvider")
+    public void testFieldAccess(AccessMode accessMode, Object holder, BiFunction<Integer, Integer, Object> factory,
+                                Field field, boolean allowsNonPlainAccess) throws Throwable {
+        VarHandle varHandle = MethodHandles.lookup().unreflectVarHandle(field);
+        if (varHandle.isAccessModeSupported(accessMode)) {
+            assertTrue(isPlain(accessMode) || (allowsNonPlainAccess && !isBitwise(accessMode) && !isNumeric(accessMode)));
+            MethodHandle methodHandle = varHandle.toMethodHandle(accessMode);
+            List<Object> arguments = new ArrayList<>();
+            if (holder != null) {
+                arguments.add(holder); // receiver
+            }
+            for (int i = arguments.size(); i < methodHandle.type().parameterCount(); i++) {
+                arguments.add(factory.apply(i, i)); // add extra setter param
+            }
+            methodHandle.invokeWithArguments(arguments.toArray());
+        } else {
+            assertTrue(!allowsNonPlainAccess || isBitwise(accessMode) || isNumeric(accessMode));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static List<Arguments> arrayAccessProvider() {
+        List<Object[]> arrayObjects = List.of(
+                WeakPoint.makePoints(10, ValueClass::newNullableAtomicArray),
+                WeakPoint.makePoints(10, new WeakPoint(0, 0), ValueClass::newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray),
+                WeakPoint.makePoints(10, new WeakPoint(0, 0), ValueClass::newNullRestrictedAtomicArray),
+                new WeakPoint[10],
+                StrongPoint.makePoints(10, ValueClass::newNullableAtomicArray),
+                StrongPoint.makePoints(10, new StrongPoint(0, 0), ValueClass::newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray),
+                StrongPoint.makePoints(10, new StrongPoint(0, 0), ValueClass::newNullRestrictedAtomicArray),
+                new StrongPoint[10]);
+
+        List<Arguments> arguments = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (AccessMode accessMode : AccessMode.values()) {
+            if (accessMode.ordinal() != 2) continue;
+            for (Object[] arrayObject : arrayObjects) {
+                boolean isWeak = arrayObject.getClass().getComponentType().equals(WeakPoint.class);
+                List<Class<?>> arrayTypes = List.of(
+                        isWeak ? WeakPoint[].class : StrongPoint[].class, Pointable[].class, Object[].class);
+                for (Class<?> arrayType : arrayTypes) {
+                    BiFunction<Integer, Integer, Object> factory = isWeak ?
+                            (i1, i2) -> new WeakPoint(i1, i2) :
+                            (i1, i2) -> new StrongPoint((short)(int)i1, (short)(int)i2);
+                    boolean allowsNonPlainAccess = !ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(arrayObject) ||
+                            ValueClass.isAtomicArray(arrayObject) ||
+                            !isWeak;
+                    arguments.add(Arguments.of(accessMode, arrayObject, factory, arrayType, allowsNonPlainAccess));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return arguments;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Verify that atomic access modes are not supported on flat array instances.
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("arrayAccessProvider")
+    public void testArrayAccess(AccessMode accessMode, Object[] arrayObject, BiFunction<Integer, Integer, Object> factory,
+                                Class<?> arrayType, boolean allowsNonPlainAccess) throws Throwable {
+        VarHandle varHandle = MethodHandles.arrayElementVarHandle(arrayType);
+        if (varHandle.isAccessModeSupported(accessMode)) {
+            assertTrue(!isBitwise(accessMode) && !isNumeric(accessMode));
+            MethodHandle methodHandle = varHandle.toMethodHandle(accessMode);
+            List<Object> arguments = new ArrayList<>();
+            arguments.add(arrayObject); // array receiver
+            arguments.add(0); // index
+            for (int i = 2; i < methodHandle.type().parameterCount(); i++) {
+                arguments.add(factory.apply(i, i)); // add extra setter param
+            }
+            try {
+                methodHandle.invokeWithArguments(arguments.toArray());
+            } catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
+                assertFalse(allowsNonPlainAccess);
+            }
+        } else {
+            assertTrue(isBitwise(accessMode) || isNumeric(accessMode));
+        }
+    }
+
+    boolean isBitwise(AccessMode accessMode) {
+        return switch (accessMode) {
+            case GET_AND_BITWISE_AND, GET_AND_BITWISE_AND_ACQUIRE,
+                 GET_AND_BITWISE_AND_RELEASE, GET_AND_BITWISE_OR,
+                 GET_AND_BITWISE_OR_ACQUIRE, GET_AND_BITWISE_OR_RELEASE,
+                 GET_AND_BITWISE_XOR, GET_AND_BITWISE_XOR_ACQUIRE,
+                 GET_AND_BITWISE_XOR_RELEASE -> true;
+            default -> false;
+        };
+    }
+
+    boolean isNumeric(AccessMode accessMode) {
+        return switch (accessMode) {
+            case GET_AND_ADD, GET_AND_ADD_ACQUIRE, GET_AND_ADD_RELEASE -> true;
+            default -> false;
+        };
+    }
+
+    boolean isPlain(AccessMode accessMode) {
+        return switch (accessMode) {
+            case GET, SET -> true;
+            default -> false;
+        };
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/IdentityReflectionTest.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/IdentityReflectionTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9f79c4d5b09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/IdentityReflectionTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test that isValue and modifiers return correct results for value classes & arrays
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview false
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @run junit/othervm IdentityReflectionTest
+ * @run junit/othervm --enable-preview IdentityReflectionTest
+ */
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
+import java.lang.reflect.AccessFlag;
+import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
+
+import static jdk.test.lib.Asserts.*;
+
+public class IdentityReflectionTest {
+
+    static final boolean PREVIEW = PreviewFeatures.isEnabled();
+
+    static final Class<?>[] valueClasses = {
+        Number.class,
+        Record.class,
+
+        Byte.class,
+        Short.class,
+        Integer.class,
+        Long.class,
+        Float.class,
+        Double.class,
+        Boolean.class,
+        Character.class,
+
+        java.util.Optional.class,
+        java.util.OptionalDouble.class,
+        java.util.OptionalInt.class,
+        java.util.OptionalLong.class,
+
+        java.time.Duration.class,
+        java.time.Instant.class,
+        java.time.LocalDate.class,
+        java.time.LocalDateTime.class,
+        java.time.LocalTime.class,
+        java.time.MonthDay.class,
+        java.time.OffsetDateTime.class,
+        java.time.OffsetTime.class,
+        java.time.Period.class,
+        java.time.Year.class,
+        java.time.YearMonth.class,
+        java.time.ZonedDateTime.class,
+
+        java.time.chrono.HijrahDate.class,
+        java.time.chrono.JapaneseDate.class,
+        java.time.chrono.MinguoDate.class,
+        java.time.chrono.ThaiBuddhistDate.class,
+    };
+
+    static final Class<?>[] identityClasses = {
+        Object.class,
+        String.class,
+        Thread.class,
+        java.math.BigInteger.class,
+        java.math.BigDecimal.class,
+        Integer[].class,
+        Thread[].class,
+    };
+
+    @Test
+    void testIsValue() {
+        checkIsValue(int.class, false);
+        checkIsValue(Runnable.class, false);
+        for (Class<?> c : valueClasses) {
+            checkIsValue(c, PREVIEW);
+        }
+        for (Class<?> c : identityClasses) {
+            checkIsValue(c, false);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("preview")
+    void checkIsValue(Class<?> c, boolean expected) {
+        assertEquals(expected, c.isValue(),
+                      c + " " + (expected ? "is" : "is not") + " a value class");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testModifiers() {
+        checkIdentityModifier(int.class, false);
+        checkIdentityModifier(Runnable.class, false);
+        for (Class<?> c : valueClasses) {
+            checkIdentityModifier(c, false);
+        }
+        for (Class<?> c : identityClasses) {
+            checkIdentityModifier(c, PREVIEW);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("preview")
+    void checkIdentityModifier(Class<?> c, boolean expected) {
+        int mod = c.getModifiers();
+        assertEquals(expected, (mod & ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY) != 0,
+            "Modifier of " + c + " (" + Integer.toHexString(mod) + ") " +
+            (expected ? "should" : "should not") + " have ACC_IDENTITY set");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testAccessFlags() {
+        checkIdentityAccessFlag(int.class, false);
+        checkIdentityAccessFlag(Runnable.class, false);
+        for (Class<?> c : valueClasses) {
+            checkIdentityAccessFlag(c, false);
+        }
+        for (Class<?> c : identityClasses) {
+            checkIdentityAccessFlag(c, PREVIEW);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("preview")
+    void checkIdentityAccessFlag(Class<?> c, boolean expected) {
+        Set<AccessFlag> acc = c.accessFlags();
+        assertEquals(expected, acc.contains(AccessFlag.IDENTITY),
+            "Access flags of " + c + " (" + acc + ") " +
+            (expected ? "should" : "should not") + " contain IDENTITY");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/LambdaMetaFactory/LambdaConversion.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/LambdaMetaFactory/LambdaConversion.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6d797cd5852
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/LambdaMetaFactory/LambdaConversion.java
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary test lambda type conversion of value class
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run junit/othervm LambdaConversion
+ */
+
+import java.util.function.ToIntFunction;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+public class LambdaConversion {
+
+    static class c_int { }
+    static value class Pointer<X> {
+        long addr;
+
+        public Pointer(long addr) {
+            this.addr = addr;
+        }
+
+        long address() { return addr; }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test() {
+        Pointer<c_int> p_int = new Pointer<>(12);
+        assertTrue(doAction(p_int, LambdaConversion::one) == 1);
+        assertTrue(doAction(p_int, LambdaConversion::two) == 2);
+    }
+
+    static <Z> int doAction(Pointer<Z> pointer, ToIntFunction<Pointer<Z>> action) {
+        return action.applyAsInt(pointer);
+    }
+
+    static int one(Pointer<c_int> pointer) {
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    static int two(Pointer<c_int> p_int) {
+        return 2;
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/LambdaMetaFactory/LambdaTest.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/LambdaMetaFactory/LambdaTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e25779603f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/LambdaMetaFactory/LambdaTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test lambdas with parameter types or return type of value class
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run junit/othervm LambdaTest
+ */
+
+import java.util.function.Function;
+import java.util.function.IntFunction;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+public class LambdaTest {
+    static value class V {
+        int x;
+        V(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+
+        static V get(int x) {
+            return new V(x);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class Value {
+        @NullRestricted
+        V v;
+        Value(V v) {
+            this.v = v;
+        }
+        static Value get(int x) {
+            return new Value(new V(x));
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int getV(V v) {
+        return v.x;
+    }
+
+    static int getValue(Value v) {
+        return v.v.x;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testValueParameterType() {
+        Function<Value, Integer> func1 = LambdaTest::getValue;
+        assertTrue(func1.apply(new Value(new V(100))) == 100);
+
+        Function<V, Integer> func2 = LambdaTest::getV;
+        assertTrue(func2.apply(new V(200)) == 200);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testValueReturnType() {
+        IntFunction<Value> func1 = Value::get;
+        assertEquals(func1.apply(10), new Value(new V(10)));
+
+        IntFunction<V> func2 = V::get;
+        assertEquals(func2.apply(20), new V(20));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/LambdaMetaFactory/src/IdentityRunnable.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/LambdaMetaFactory/src/IdentityRunnable.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c3146828274
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/LambdaMetaFactory/src/IdentityRunnable.java
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+public interface IdentityRunnable {
+    void run();
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/LambdaMetaFactory/src/Test.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/LambdaMetaFactory/src/Test.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2c8583c01f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/LambdaMetaFactory/src/Test.java
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+public class Test {
+    public static void testValueRunnable() {
+        ValueRunnable r = () -> {
+            System.out.println("ValueRunnable::run");
+        };
+        r.run();
+    }
+
+    public static void testIdentityRunnable() {
+        IdentityRunnable r = () -> {
+            System.out.println("IdentityRunnable::run");
+        };
+        r.run();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/LambdaMetaFactory/src/ValueRunnable.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/LambdaMetaFactory/src/ValueRunnable.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..82c3ab5cccc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/LambdaMetaFactory/src/ValueRunnable.java
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+public interface ValueRunnable {
+     void run();
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/MethodHandleTest.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/MethodHandleTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..07ec9cd5de1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/MethodHandleTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary test MethodHandle and VarHandle of value classes
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run junit/othervm MethodHandleTest
+ */
+
+import java.lang.invoke.*;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+public class MethodHandleTest {
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Point {
+        public int x;
+        public int y;
+        Point(int x, int y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Line {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Point p1;
+        @NullRestricted
+        Point p2;
+
+        Line(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
+            this.p1 = new Point(x1, y1);
+            this.p2 = new Point(x2, y2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Ref {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Point p;
+        Line l;
+        List<String> list;
+        ValueOptional vo;
+
+        Ref(Point p, Line l) {
+            this.p = p;
+            this.l = l;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class ValueOptional {
+        private Object o;
+        public ValueOptional(Object o) {
+            this.o = o;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final MethodHandles.Lookup LOOKUP = MethodHandles.lookup();
+
+    static final Point P = new Point(1, 2);
+    static final Line L = new Line(1, 2, 3, 4);
+    static final Ref R = new Ref(P, null);
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> fields() {
+        return Stream.of(
+                // value class with int fields
+                Arguments.of("MethodHandleTest$Point", P, Set.of("x", "y")),
+                // value class whose fields are null-restricted and of value class
+                Arguments.of("MethodHandleTest$Line", L, Set.of("p1", "p2")),
+                // identity class whose non-final fields are of value type,
+                Arguments.of("MethodHandleTest$Ref", R, Set.of("p", "l", "list", "vo"))
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test MethodHandle invocation on the fields of a given class.
+     * MethodHandle produced by Lookup::unreflectGetter, Lookup::findGetter,
+     * Lookup::findVarHandle.
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("fields")
+    public void testFieldGetter(String cn, Object o, Set<String> fields) throws Throwable  {
+        Class<?> c = Class.forName(cn);
+        for (String name : fields) {
+            Field f = c.getDeclaredField(name);
+            var mh = LOOKUP.findGetter(c, f.getName(), f.getType());
+            var v1 = mh.invoke(o);
+
+            var vh = LOOKUP.findVarHandle(c, f.getName(), f.getType());
+            var v2 = vh.get(o);
+
+            var mh3 = LOOKUP.unreflectGetter(f);
+            var v3 = mh3.invoke(o);
+
+            if (c.isValue())
+                ensureImmutable(f, o);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> setters() {
+        return Stream.of(
+                Arguments.of(Ref.class, R, "p", true),
+                Arguments.of(Ref.class, R, "l", false),
+                Arguments.of(Ref.class, R, "list", false),
+                Arguments.of(Ref.class, R, "vo", false)
+        );
+    }
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("setters")
+    public void testFieldSetter(Class<?> cls, Object o, String name, boolean nullRestricted) throws Throwable {
+        Field f = cls.getDeclaredField(name);
+        var mh = LOOKUP.findSetter(cls, f.getName(), f.getType());
+        var vh = LOOKUP.findVarHandle(cls, f.getName(), f.getType());
+        var mh3 = LOOKUP.unreflectSetter(f);
+
+        if (nullRestricted) {
+            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> mh.invoke(o, null));
+            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> vh.set(o, null));
+            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> mh3.invoke(o, null));
+        } else {
+            mh.invoke(o, null);
+            vh.set(o, null);
+            mh3.invoke(o, null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> arrays() throws Throwable {
+        return Stream.of(
+                Arguments.of(Point[].class, newArray(Point[].class), P, false),
+                Arguments.of(Point[].class, newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Point.class, new Point(0, 0)), P, true),
+                Arguments.of(Line[].class, newArray(Line[].class), L, false),
+                Arguments.of(Line[].class, newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Line.class, new Line(0, 0, 0, 0)), L, true),
+                Arguments.of(Ref[].class, newArray(Ref[].class), R, false)
+        );
+    }
+
+    private static final int ARRAY_SIZE = 5;
+    private static Object[] newArray(Class<?> arrayClass) throws Throwable {
+        MethodHandle ctor = MethodHandles.arrayConstructor(arrayClass);
+        return (Object[])ctor.invoke(ARRAY_SIZE);
+    }
+    private static Object[] newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Class<?> componentClass, Object initVal) throws Throwable {
+        return ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(componentClass, ARRAY_SIZE, initVal);
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("arrays")
+    public void testArrayElementSetterAndGetter(Class<?> arrayClass, Object[] array, Object element, boolean nullRestricted) throws Throwable {
+        MethodHandle setter = MethodHandles.arrayElementSetter(array.getClass());
+        MethodHandle getter = MethodHandles.arrayElementGetter(array.getClass());
+        VarHandle vh = MethodHandles.arrayElementVarHandle(arrayClass);
+        Class<?> componentType = arrayClass.getComponentType();
+
+        for (int i=0; i < ARRAY_SIZE; i++) {
+            var v = getter.invoke(array, i);
+            if (nullRestricted) {
+                assertTrue(v != null);
+            } else {
+                assertTrue(v == null);
+            }
+        }
+        for (int i=0; i < ARRAY_SIZE; i++) {
+            setter.invoke(array, i, element);
+            assertTrue(getter.invoke(array, i) == element);
+        }
+        // set an array element to null
+        if (nullRestricted) {
+            assertTrue(vh.get(array, 1) != null);
+            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> setter.invoke(array, 1, null));
+            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> vh.set(array, 1, null));
+        } else {
+            setter.invoke(array, 1, null);
+            assertNull(getter.invoke(array, 1));
+            vh.set(array, 1, null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void ensureImmutable(Field f, Object o) throws Throwable {
+        Class<?> c = f.getDeclaringClass();
+        assertTrue(Modifier.isFinal(f.getModifiers()));
+        assertFalse(Modifier.isStatic(f.getModifiers()));
+        assertTrue(f.trySetAccessible());
+
+        Object v = f.get(o);
+
+        assertThrows(IllegalAccessException.class, () -> LOOKUP.findSetter(c, f.getName(), f.getType()));
+        assertThrows(IllegalAccessException.class, () -> LOOKUP.unreflectSetter(f));
+        VarHandle vh = LOOKUP.findVarHandle(c, f.getName(), f.getType());
+
+        // test var handle
+        assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> vh.set(o, v));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/MethodReference.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/MethodReference.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..69322c28d2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/MethodReference.java
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary test method reference of value class as the parameter type
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm MethodReference
+ */
+
+import java.util.function.Supplier;
+
+public value class MethodReference {
+    final int x;
+    final int y;
+    MethodReference() {
+        this.x = 1234;
+        this.y = 5678;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String... args) {
+        Supplier<MethodReference> supplier = MethodReference::new;
+        MethodReference o = supplier.get();
+        if (o.x != 1234 || o.y != 5678)
+            throw new AssertionError(o);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/Nest.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/Nest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4a4c72185fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/Nest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test substitutability of inner class and anonymous class that
+ *          has the enclosing instance and possibly other captured outer locals
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run junit/othervm Nest
+ */
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+public class Nest {
+    @Test
+    public void test2() {
+        Outer n = new Outer(1);
+        Outer.Inner inner = n.new Inner(10);
+        Outer n1 = new Outer(1);
+        Outer n2 = new Outer(2);
+        // o1.new Inner(1) == o2.new Inner(1) iff o1 == o2
+        assertEquals(n1.new Inner(10), inner);
+        assertEquals(n2.new Inner(10), new Outer(2).new Inner(10));
+    }
+
+    value class Outer {
+        final int i;
+        Outer(int i) {
+            this.i = i;
+        }
+
+        value class Inner {
+            final int ic;
+            Inner(int ic) {
+                this.ic = ic;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/NullRestrictedArraysTest.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/NullRestrictedArraysTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..66d8fc5b563
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/NullRestrictedArraysTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,333 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run junit/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-UseArrayFlattening -XX:-UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening NullRestrictedArraysTest
+ * @run junit/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseArrayFlattening -XX:+UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening NullRestrictedArraysTest
+ */
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.VarHandle;
+import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+public class NullRestrictedArraysTest {
+    interface I {
+        int getValue();
+    }
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Value implements I {
+        int v;
+        Value() {
+            this(0);
+        }
+        Value(int v) {
+            this.v = v;
+        }
+        public int getValue() {
+            return v;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class T {
+        String s;
+        Value obj;  // can be null
+        @NullRestricted
+        Value value;
+
+        T() {
+            value = new Value();
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> checkedField() throws ReflectiveOperationException {
+        Value v = new Value();
+        return Stream.of(
+                Arguments.of(T.class.getDeclaredField("s"), String.class, "", false),
+                Arguments.of(T.class.getDeclaredField("obj"), Value.class, null, false),
+                Arguments.of(T.class.getDeclaredField("value"), Value.class, v, true)
+        );
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Test creating null-restricted arrays
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("checkedField")
+    public void testNullRestrictedArrays(Field field, Class<?> type, Object initValue,
+                                      boolean nullRestricted) throws ReflectiveOperationException {
+        boolean nr = ValueClass.isNullRestrictedField(field);
+        assertEquals(nr, nullRestricted);
+        assertTrue(field.getType() == type);
+        Object[] array = nullRestricted
+                ? ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(type, 4, initValue)
+                : (Object[]) Array.newInstance(type, 4);
+        assertTrue(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(array) == nullRestricted);
+        for (int i=0; i < array.length; i++) {
+            array[i] = type.newInstance();
+        }
+        if (nullRestricted) {
+            // NPE thrown if elements in a null-restricted array set to null
+            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> array[0] = null);
+        } else {
+            array[0] = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Test Arrays::copyOf and Arrays::copyOfRange to create null-restricted arrays.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testArraysCopyOf() {
+        int len = 4;
+        Object[] array = (Object[]) Array.newInstance(Value.class, len);
+        Object[] nullRestrictedArray = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Value.class, len, new Value());
+        for (int i=0; i < len; i++) {
+            array[i] = new Value(i);
+            nullRestrictedArray[i] = new Value(i);
+        }
+        testCopyOf(array, nullRestrictedArray);
+        // Cannot extend a null-restricted array without providing a value to fill the new elements
+        // testCopyOfRange(array, nullRestrictedArray, 1, len+2);
+    };
+
+    private void testCopyOf(Object[] array, Object[] nullRestrictedArray) {
+        Object[] newArray1 = Arrays.copyOf(array, array.length);
+        Object[] newArray2 = Arrays.copyOf(nullRestrictedArray, nullRestrictedArray.length);
+
+        assertFalse(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(newArray1));
+        assertTrue(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(newArray2));
+
+        // elements in a normal array can be null
+        for (int i=0; i < array.length; i++) {
+            newArray1[i] = null;
+        }
+        // NPE thrown if elements in a null-restricted array set to null
+        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> newArray2[0] = null);
+    }
+
+    private void testCopyOfRange(Object[] array, Object[] nullRestrictedArray, int from, int to) {
+        Object[] newArray1 = Arrays.copyOfRange(array, from, to);
+
+        // elements in a normal array can be null
+        for (int i=0; i < newArray1.length; i++) {
+            newArray1[i] = null;
+        }
+
+        // check the new array padded with null if normal array and
+        // zero instance if null-restricted array
+        for (int i=0; i < newArray1.length; i++) {
+            if (from+1 >= array.length) {
+                // padded with null
+                assertTrue(newArray1[i] == null);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (to > array.length) {
+            // NullRestricted arrays do not have a value to fill new array elements
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> Arrays.copyOfRange(nullRestrictedArray, from, to));
+        } else {
+            Object[] newArray2 = Arrays.copyOfRange(nullRestrictedArray, from, to);
+            System.out.println("newArray2 " + newArray2.length + " " + Arrays.toString(newArray2));
+            // NPE thrown if elements in a null-restricted array set to null
+            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> newArray2[0] = null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testVarHandle() {
+        int len = 4;
+        Object[] array = (Object[]) Array.newInstance(Value.class, len);
+        Object[] nullRestrictedArray = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Value.class, len, new Value());
+
+        // Test var handles
+        testVarHandleArray(array, Value[].class, false);
+        testVarHandleArray(array, I[].class, false);
+        testVarHandleArray(nullRestrictedArray, Value[].class, true);
+        testVarHandleArray(nullRestrictedArray, I[].class, true);
+    }
+
+    private void testVarHandleArray(Object[] array, Class<?> arrayClass, boolean isNullRestricted) {
+        for (int i=0; i < array.length; i++) {
+            array[i] = new Value(i);
+        }
+
+        VarHandle vh = MethodHandles.arrayElementVarHandle(arrayClass);
+        Value value = new Value(0);
+        Value value1 =  new Value(1);
+        Value value2 =  new Value(2);
+
+        assertTrue(vh.get(array, 0) == value);
+        assertTrue(vh.getVolatile(array, 0) == value);
+        assertTrue(vh.getOpaque(array, 0) == value);
+        assertTrue(vh.getAcquire(array, 0) == value);
+
+        // test set with null values
+
+        if (!isNullRestricted) {
+            // if not null-restricted, we expect these set operations to succeed
+
+            vh.set(array, 0, null);
+            assertNull(vh.get(array, 0));
+            vh.setVolatile(array, 0, null);
+            assertNull(vh.get(array, 0));
+            vh.setOpaque(array, 0, null);
+            assertNull(vh.get(array, 0));
+            vh.setRelease(array, 0, null);
+            assertNull(vh.get(array, 0));
+
+            assertTrue(vh.compareAndSet(array, 1, value1, null));
+            assertNull(vh.get(array, 0));
+            vh.set(array, 1, value1);
+
+            assertEquals(vh.compareAndExchange(array, 1, value1, null), value1);
+            assertNull(vh.get(array, 0));
+            vh.set(array, 1, value1);
+
+            assertEquals(vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(array, 1, value1, null), value1);
+            assertNull(vh.get(array, 0));
+            vh.set(array, 1, value1);
+
+            assertEquals(vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(array, 1, value1, null), value1);
+            assertNull(vh.get(array, 0));
+            vh.set(array, 1, value1);
+
+            assertTrue(vh.weakCompareAndSet(array, 1, value1, null));
+            assertNull(vh.get(array, 0));
+            vh.set(array, 1, value1);
+
+            assertTrue(vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(array, 1, value1, null));
+            assertNull(vh.get(array, 0));
+            vh.set(array, 1, value1);
+
+            assertTrue(vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(array, 1, value1, null));
+            assertNull(vh.get(array, 0));
+            vh.set(array, 1, value1);
+
+            assertTrue(vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(array, 1, value1, null));
+            assertNull(vh.get(array, 0));
+            vh.set(array, 1, value1);
+        } else {
+            // if null-restricted, we expect these set operations to fail
+
+            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> vh.set(array, 0, null));
+            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> vh.setVolatile(array, 0, null));
+            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> vh.setOpaque(array, 0, null));
+            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> vh.setRelease(array, 0, null));
+
+            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> vh.compareAndSet(array, 1, value1, null));
+            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> vh.compareAndExchange(array, 1, value1, null));
+            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(array, 1, value1, null));
+            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(array, 1, value1, null));
+            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> vh.weakCompareAndSet(array, 1, value1, null));
+            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(array, 1, value1, null));
+            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(array, 1, value1, null));
+            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(array, 1, value1, null));
+        }
+
+        // test set with non-null values
+
+        vh.set(array, 0, value1);
+        assertEquals(vh.get(array, 0), value1);
+        vh.setVolatile(array, 0, value1);
+        assertEquals(vh.get(array, 0), value1);
+        vh.setOpaque(array, 0, value1);
+        assertEquals(vh.get(array, 0), value1);
+        vh.setRelease(array, 0, value1);
+        assertEquals(vh.get(array, 0), value1);
+
+        assertTrue(vh.compareAndSet(array, 1, value1, value2));
+        assertEquals(vh.get(array, 1), value2);
+        vh.set(array, 1, value1);
+
+        assertEquals(vh.compareAndExchange(array, 1, value1, value2), value1);
+        assertEquals(vh.get(array, 1), value2);
+        vh.set(array, 1, value1);
+
+        assertEquals(vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(array, 1, value1, value2), value1);
+        assertEquals(vh.get(array, 1), value2);
+        vh.set(array, 1, value1);
+
+        assertEquals(vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(array, 1, value1, value2), value1);
+        assertEquals(vh.get(array, 1), value2);
+        vh.set(array, 1, value1);
+
+        assertTrue(vh.weakCompareAndSet(array, 1, value1, value2));
+        assertEquals(vh.get(array, 1), value2);
+        vh.set(array, 1, value1);
+
+        assertTrue(vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(array, 1, value1, value2));
+        assertEquals(vh.get(array, 1), value2);
+        vh.set(array, 1, value1);
+
+        assertTrue(vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(array, 1, value1, value2));
+        assertEquals(vh.get(array, 1), value2);
+        vh.set(array, 1, value1);
+
+        assertTrue(vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(array, 1, value1, value2));
+        assertEquals(vh.get(array, 1), value2);
+        vh.set(array, 1, value1);
+
+        // test atomic set with null witness
+
+        assertFalse(vh.compareAndSet(array, 2, null, value1));
+        assertEquals(vh.get(array, 2), value2);
+
+        assertNotNull(vh.compareAndExchange(array, 2, null, value1));
+        assertEquals(vh.get(array, 2), value2);
+
+        assertNotNull(vh.compareAndExchangeAcquire(array, 2, null, value1));
+        assertEquals(vh.get(array, 2), value2);
+
+        assertNotNull(vh.compareAndExchangeRelease(array, 2, null, value1));
+        assertEquals(vh.get(array, 2), value2);
+
+        assertFalse(vh.weakCompareAndSet(array, 2, null, value1));
+        assertEquals(vh.get(array, 2), value2);
+
+        assertFalse(vh.weakCompareAndSetAcquire(array, 2, null, value1));
+        assertEquals(vh.get(array, 2), value2);
+
+        assertFalse(vh.weakCompareAndSetPlain(array, 2, null, value1));
+        assertEquals(vh.get(array, 2), value2);
+
+        assertFalse(vh.weakCompareAndSetRelease(array, 2, null, value1));
+        assertEquals(vh.get(array, 2), value2);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/NullRestrictedTest.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/NullRestrictedTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1bea720ca06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/NullRestrictedTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test reflection and method handle on accessing a field of a null-restricted value class
+ *          that may be flattened or non-flattened
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run junit/othervm NullRestrictedTest
+ * @run junit/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-UseFieldFlattening NullRestrictedTest
+ */
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+public class NullRestrictedTest {
+    static value class EmptyValue {
+        public boolean isEmpty() {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class Value {
+        Object o;
+        @NullRestricted
+        EmptyValue empty;
+        Value() {
+            this.o = null;
+            this.empty = new EmptyValue();
+        }
+        Value(EmptyValue empty) {
+            this.o = null;
+            this.empty = empty;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Mutable {
+        EmptyValue o;
+        @NullRestricted
+        EmptyValue empty;
+        @NullRestricted
+        volatile EmptyValue vempty;
+
+        Mutable() {
+            empty = new EmptyValue();
+            vempty = new EmptyValue();
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void emptyValueClass() {
+        EmptyValue e = new EmptyValue();
+        Field[] fields = e.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
+        assertTrue(fields.length == 0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNonNullFieldAssignment() {
+        var npe = assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> new Value(null));
+        System.err.println(npe);    // log the exception message
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> getterCases() {
+        Value v = new Value();
+        EmptyValue emptyValue = new EmptyValue();
+        Mutable m = new Mutable();
+
+        return Stream.of(
+                Arguments.of(Value.class, "o", Object.class, v, null),
+                Arguments.of(Value.class, "empty", EmptyValue.class, v, emptyValue),
+                Arguments.of(Mutable.class, "o", EmptyValue.class, m, null),
+                Arguments.of(Mutable.class, "empty", EmptyValue.class, m, emptyValue),
+                Arguments.of(Mutable.class, "vempty", EmptyValue.class, m, emptyValue)
+        );
+    };
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("getterCases")
+    public void testGetter(Class<?> type, String name, Class<?> ftype, Object obj, Object expected) throws Throwable {
+        var f = type.getDeclaredField(name);
+        assertTrue(f.getType() == ftype);
+        var o1 = f.get(obj);
+        assertTrue(expected == o1);
+
+        var getter = MethodHandles.lookup().findGetter(type, name, ftype);
+        var o2 = getter.invoke(obj);
+        assertTrue(expected == o2);
+
+        var vh = MethodHandles.lookup().findVarHandle(type, name, ftype);
+        var o3 = vh.get(obj);
+        assertTrue(expected == o3);
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> setterCases() {
+        EmptyValue emptyValue = new EmptyValue();
+        Mutable m = new Mutable();
+        return Stream.of(
+                Arguments.of(Mutable.class, "o", EmptyValue.class, m, null),
+                Arguments.of(Mutable.class, "o", EmptyValue.class, m, emptyValue),
+                Arguments.of(Mutable.class, "empty", EmptyValue.class, m, emptyValue),
+                Arguments.of(Mutable.class, "vempty", EmptyValue.class, m, emptyValue)
+        );
+    };
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("setterCases")
+    public void testSetter(Class<?> type, String name, Class<?> ftype, Object obj, Object expected) throws Throwable {
+        var f = type.getDeclaredField(name);
+        assertTrue(f.getType() == ftype);
+        f.set(obj, expected);
+        assertTrue(f.get(obj) == expected);
+
+        var setter = MethodHandles.lookup().findSetter(type, name, ftype);
+        setter.invoke(obj, expected);
+        assertTrue(f.get(obj) == expected);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void noWriteAccess() throws ReflectiveOperationException {
+        Value v = new Value();
+        Field f = v.getClass().getDeclaredField("o");
+        assertThrows(IllegalAccessException.class, () -> f.set(v, null));
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> nullRestrictedFields() {
+        Mutable m = new Mutable();
+        return Stream.of(
+                Arguments.of(Mutable.class, "o", EmptyValue.class, m, false),
+                Arguments.of(Mutable.class, "empty", EmptyValue.class, m, true),
+                Arguments.of(Mutable.class, "vempty", EmptyValue.class, m, true)
+        );
+    };
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("nullRestrictedFields")
+    public void testNullRestrictedField(Class<?> type, String name, Class<?> ftype, Object obj, boolean nullRestricted) throws Throwable {
+        var f = type.getDeclaredField(name);
+        assertTrue(f.getType() == ftype);
+        if (nullRestricted) {
+            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> f.set(obj, null));
+        } else {
+            f.set(obj, null);
+            assertTrue(f.get(obj) == null);
+        }
+
+        var mh = MethodHandles.lookup().findSetter(type, name, ftype);
+        if (nullRestricted) {
+            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> mh.invoke(obj, null));
+        } else {
+            mh.invoke(obj, null);
+            assertTrue(f.get(obj) == null);
+        }
+
+        var vh = MethodHandles.lookup().findVarHandle(type, name, ftype);
+        if (nullRestricted) {
+            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> vh.set(obj, null));
+        } else {
+            vh.set(obj, null);
+            assertTrue(f.get(obj) == null);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ObjectMethodsViaCondy.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ObjectMethodsViaCondy.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5855b9b2d0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ObjectMethodsViaCondy.java
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test ObjectMethods::bootstrap call via condy
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run testng/othervm ObjectMethodsViaCondy
+ */
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
+import java.lang.constant.ClassDesc;
+import java.lang.constant.ConstantDesc;
+import java.lang.constant.DirectMethodHandleDesc;
+import java.lang.constant.DynamicConstantDesc;
+import java.lang.constant.MethodHandleDesc;
+import java.lang.constant.MethodTypeDesc;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles.Lookup.ClassOption;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
+import java.lang.runtime.ObjectMethods;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import org.testng.annotations.Test;
+
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.*;
+import static java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs.*;
+import static java.lang.invoke.MethodType.methodType;
+import static org.testng.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.testng.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.testng.Assert.assertFalse;
+
+public class ObjectMethodsViaCondy {
+    public static value record ValueRecord(int i, String name) {
+        static final MethodHandles.Lookup LOOKUP = MethodHandles.lookup();
+        static final MethodType TO_STRING_DESC = methodType(String.class, ValueRecord.class);
+        static final String NAME_LIST = "i;name";
+        private static final ClassDesc CD_ValueRecord = ValueRecord.class.describeConstable().orElseThrow();
+        private static final ClassDesc CD_ObjectMethods = ObjectMethods.class.describeConstable().orElseThrow();
+        private static final MethodTypeDesc MTD_ObjectMethods_bootstrap = MethodTypeDesc.of(CD_Object, CD_MethodHandles_Lookup, CD_String,
+                ClassDesc.ofInternalName("java/lang/invoke/TypeDescriptor"), CD_Class, CD_String, CD_MethodHandle.arrayType());
+        static final List<DirectMethodHandleDesc> ACCESSORS = accessors();
+
+        private static List<DirectMethodHandleDesc> accessors() {
+            try {
+                return List.of(
+                        MethodHandleDesc.ofField(DirectMethodHandleDesc.Kind.GETTER, CD_ValueRecord, "i", CD_int),
+                        MethodHandleDesc.ofField(DirectMethodHandleDesc.Kind.GETTER, CD_ValueRecord, "name", CD_String)
+                );
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                throw new AssertionError(e);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns the method handle for the given method for this ValueRecord class.
+         * This method defines a hidden class to invoke the ObjectMethods::bootstrap method
+         * via condy.
+         *
+         * @param methodName   the name of the method to generate, which must be one of
+         *                     {@code "equals"}, {@code "hashCode"}, or {@code "toString"}
+         */
+        static MethodHandle makeBootstrapMethod(String methodName) throws Throwable {
+            String className = "Test-" + methodName;
+            ClassDesc testClass = ClassDesc.of(className);
+            byte[] bytes = ClassFile.of().build(testClass, clb -> clb
+                    .withVersion(JAVA_19_VERSION, 0)
+                    .withFlags(ACC_FINAL | ACC_SUPER)
+                    .withMethodBody(INIT_NAME, MTD_void, ACC_PUBLIC, cob -> cob
+                            .aload(0)
+                            .invokespecial(CD_Object, INIT_NAME, MTD_void)
+                            .return_())
+                    .withMethodBody("bootstrap", MethodTypeDesc.of(CD_Object), ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_STATIC, cob -> cob
+                            .loadConstant(DynamicConstantDesc.ofNamed(
+                                    MethodHandleDesc.ofMethod(DirectMethodHandleDesc.Kind.STATIC, CD_ObjectMethods,
+                                            "bootstrap", MTD_ObjectMethods_bootstrap),
+                                    methodName,
+                                    CD_MethodHandle,
+                                    Stream.concat(Stream.of(CD_ValueRecord, NAME_LIST), ACCESSORS.stream()).toArray(ConstantDesc[]::new)))
+                            .areturn())
+            );
+
+            Path p = Paths.get(className + ".class");
+            try (OutputStream os = Files.newOutputStream(p)) {
+                os.write(bytes);
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
+            }
+
+            MethodHandles.Lookup lookup = LOOKUP.defineHiddenClass(bytes, true, ClassOption.NESTMATE);
+            MethodType mtype = MethodType.methodType(Object.class);
+            MethodHandle mh = lookup.findStatic(lookup.lookupClass(), "bootstrap", mtype);
+            return (MethodHandle) mh.invoke();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testToString() throws Throwable {
+        MethodHandle handle = ValueRecord.makeBootstrapMethod("toString");
+        assertEquals((String)handle.invokeExact(new ValueRecord(10, "ten")), "ValueRecord[i=10, name=ten]");
+        assertEquals((String)handle.invokeExact(new ValueRecord(40, "forty")), "ValueRecord[i=40, name=forty]");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testToEquals() throws Throwable {
+        MethodHandle handle = ValueRecord.makeBootstrapMethod("equals");
+        assertTrue((boolean)handle.invoke(new ValueRecord(10, "ten"), new ValueRecord(10, "ten")));
+        assertFalse((boolean)handle.invoke(new ValueRecord(11, "eleven"), new ValueRecord(10, "ten")));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ObjectNewInstance.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ObjectNewInstance.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d9b91003f45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ObjectNewInstance.java
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Method handle and core reflection to invoke on the constructor of
+ *          java.lang.Object (abstract class) should return an Identity instance
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run testng/othervm ObjectNewInstance
+ */
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
+import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
+
+import org.testng.annotations.Test;
+import static org.testng.Assert.*;
+
+public class ObjectNewInstance {
+    @Test
+    public void classNewInstance() throws ReflectiveOperationException {
+        Object o = Object.class.newInstance();
+        assertTrue(o.getClass() == Object.class);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void constructorNewInstance() throws ReflectiveOperationException {
+        Constructor<Object> ctor = Object.class.getDeclaredConstructor();
+        Object o = ctor.newInstance();
+        assertTrue(o.getClass() == Object.class);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void methodHandle() throws Throwable {
+        MethodHandle mh = MethodHandles.publicLookup()
+                                       .findConstructor(Object.class, MethodType.methodType(void.class));
+        Object o = mh.invokeExact();
+        assertTrue(o.getClass() == Object.class);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ProxyTest.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ProxyTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f232445badc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ProxyTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test dynamic proxies with parameter types or return type of value class
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run testng/othervm ProxyTest
+ */
+
+import java.lang.reflect.*;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+import org.testng.annotations.Test;
+import static org.testng.Assert.*;
+
+public class ProxyTest {
+    static value class V {
+        int v;
+        V(int v) {
+            this.v = v;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class P {
+        int p;
+        P(int p) {
+            this.p = p;
+        }
+    }
+
+    interface I {
+        int getV(V v);
+        int getP(P p);
+    }
+
+    interface J {
+        int[] getV(V[] v);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testProxy() throws Exception {
+        InvocationHandler handler = new InvocationHandler() {
+            @Override
+            public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
+                switch (method.getName()) {
+                    case "getV":
+                        V v = (V)args[0];
+                        return v.v;
+                    case "getP":
+                        P p = (P)args[0];
+                        return p.p;
+                    default:
+                        throw new UnsupportedOperationException(method.toString());
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        Class<?>[] intfs = new Class<?>[] { I.class };
+        I i = (I) Proxy.newProxyInstance(ProxyTest.class.getClassLoader(), intfs, handler);
+
+        assertTrue(i.getV(new V(100)) == 100);
+        assertTrue(i.getP(new P(200)) == 200);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testValueArrayType() {
+        InvocationHandler handler = new InvocationHandler() {
+            @Override
+            public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
+                switch (method.getName()) {
+                    case "getV":
+                        V[] vs = (V[])args[0];
+                        return Arrays.stream(vs).mapToInt(v -> v.v).toArray();
+                    default:
+                        throw new UnsupportedOperationException(method.toString());
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        Class<?>[] intfs = new Class<?>[] { J.class };
+        J j = (J) Proxy.newProxyInstance(ProxyTest.class.getClassLoader(), intfs, handler);
+
+        V[] array = new V[] { new V(10), new V(20), new V(30)};
+        assertEquals(j.getV(array), new int[] { 10, 20, 30});
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/RecursiveValueClass.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/RecursiveValueClass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..535a8711dc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/RecursiveValueClass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,259 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run junit RecursiveValueClass
+ */
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
+
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+public class RecursiveValueClass {
+    static value class Node {
+        Node left;
+        Node right;
+
+        Node(Node l, Node r) {
+            this.left = l;
+            this.right = r;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class P {
+        Node node;
+        V v;
+        P(Node node, V v) {
+            this.node = node;
+            this.v = v;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class V {
+        P p;
+        V(P p) {
+            this.p = p;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class A {
+        B b;
+        E e;
+        A(B b, E e) {
+            this.b = b;
+            this.e = e;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class B {
+        C c;
+        D d;
+        B(C c, D d) {
+            this.c = c;
+            this.d = d;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class C {
+        A a;
+        C(A a) {
+            this.a = a;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class D {
+        int x;
+        D(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class E {
+        F f;
+        E(F f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class F {
+        E e;
+        F(E e) {
+            this.e = e;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> objectsProvider() {
+        var n1 = new Node(null, null);
+        var n2 = new Node(n1, null);
+        var n3 = new Node(n2, n1);
+        var n4 = new Node(n2, n1);
+        var v1 = new V(null);
+        var p1 = new P(n3, v1);
+        var p2 = new P(n4, v1);
+        var v2 = new V(p1);
+        var v3 = new V(p2);
+        var p3 = new P(n3, v2);
+
+        var e1 = new E(new F(null));
+        var f1 = new F(e1);
+        var e2 = new E(f1);
+        var f2 = new F(e2);
+
+        var a = new A(new B(null, null), new E(null));
+
+        var d1 = new D(1);
+        var d2 = new D(2);
+        var c1 = new C(a);
+        var c2 = new C(a);
+
+        var b1 = new B(c1, d1);
+        var b2 = new B(c1, d2);
+        var b3 = new B(c2, d2);
+        var a1 = new A(b1, e1);
+        var a2 = new A(b2, e2);
+
+        return Stream.of(
+                // Node -> Node left & right
+                Arguments.of(n1, n1,     true),
+                Arguments.of(n1, n2,     false),
+                Arguments.of(n2, n3,     false),
+                Arguments.of(n3, n4,     true),
+                Arguments.of(null, n4,   false),
+                Arguments.of(null, null, true),
+                Arguments.of(n1, "foo",  false),
+
+                // value class P -> value class V -> P
+                Arguments.of(p1, p2,     true),
+                Arguments.of(p1, p3,     false),
+                Arguments.of(p3, p3,     true),
+                Arguments.of(v2, v3,     true),
+
+                // E -> F -> E
+                Arguments.of(e1, e2,     false),
+                Arguments.of(e1, e1,     true),
+                Arguments.of(f1, f2,     false),
+                Arguments.of(f2, f2,     true),
+
+                // two cyclic memberships from A
+                // A -> B -> C -> A and E -> F -> E
+                Arguments.of(a1, a2,     false),
+                Arguments.of(a2, a2,     true),
+                Arguments.of(b1, b2,     false),
+                Arguments.of(b2, b3,     true),
+                Arguments.of(c1, c2,     true)
+        );
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("objectsProvider")
+    public void testAcmp(Object o1, Object o2, boolean expected) {
+        var value = o1 == o2;
+        assertEquals(expected, value, o1 + " == " + o2);
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> hashCodeProvider() {
+        var n1 = new Node(null, null);
+        var n2 = new Node(n1, null);
+        var n3 = new Node(n2, n1);
+        var v1 = new V(null);
+        var p1 = new P(n3, v1);
+        var v2 = new V(p1);
+
+        var e1 = new E(new F(null));
+        var f1 = new F(e1);
+        var e2 = new E(f1);
+        var f2 = new F(e2);
+
+        var a = new A(new B(null, null), new E(null));
+
+        var d1 = new D(1);
+        var d2 = new D(2);
+        var c1 = new C(a);
+
+        var b1 = new B(c1, d1);
+        var b2 = new B(c1, d2);
+        var a1 = new A(b1, e1);
+        var a2 = new A(b2, e2);
+
+        return Stream.of(
+                // Node -> Node left & right
+                Arguments.of(n1),
+                Arguments.of(n2),
+                Arguments.of(n3),
+
+                // value class P -> value class V -> P
+                Arguments.of(p1),
+                Arguments.of(v2),
+
+                // E -> F -> E
+                Arguments.of(e1),
+                Arguments.of(e2),
+                Arguments.of(f1),
+                Arguments.of(f2),
+
+                // two cyclic memberships from A
+                // A -> B -> C -> A and E -> F -> E
+                Arguments.of(a1),
+                Arguments.of(a2),
+                Arguments.of(b1),
+                Arguments.of(b2),
+                Arguments.of(c1)
+        );
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("hashCodeProvider")
+    public void testHashCode(Object o) {
+        int hc = o.hashCode();
+        assertEquals(System.identityHashCode(o), hc, o.toString());
+    }
+
+    static value class N {
+        N l;
+        N r;
+        int id;
+        N(N l, N r, int id) {
+            this.l = l;
+            this.r = r;
+            this.id = id;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static N build() {
+        N n1 = new N(null, null, 0);
+        N n2 = new N(null, null, 0);
+        for (int id = 1; id < 100; ++id) {
+            N l = new N(n1, n2, id);
+            N r = new N(n1, n2, id);
+            n1 = l;
+            n2 = r;
+        }
+        return new N(n1, n2, 100);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/Reflection.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/Reflection.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bcf68372ed8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/Reflection.java
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary test core reflection on value classes
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run junit/othervm Reflection
+ */
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+public class Reflection {
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class V {
+        int x;
+        V(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class Value {
+        @NullRestricted
+        V v1;
+        V v2;
+        Value(V v1, V v2) {
+            this.v1 = v1;
+            this.v2 = v2;
+        }
+
+        static Value newValue(V v1, V v2) {
+            return new Value(v1, v2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testNewInstance() throws Exception {
+        V v = new V(10);
+        Constructor<Value> ctor = Value.class.getDeclaredConstructor(V.class, V.class);
+        Value o = ctor.newInstance(v, v);
+        assertEquals(o.getClass(), Value.class);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testAccess() throws Exception {
+        Field field = Value.class.getDeclaredField("v1");
+        V v = new V(10);
+        Value o = new Value(v, null);
+        assertEquals(v, field.get(o));
+
+        // accessible but no write access
+        assertTrue(field.trySetAccessible());
+        assertTrue(field.isAccessible());
+        assertThrows(IllegalAccessException.class, () -> field.set(o, v));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testNullRestricted() throws Exception {
+        Method m = Value.class.getDeclaredMethod("newValue", V.class, V.class);
+        Throwable t = assertThrows(InvocationTargetException.class, () -> m.invoke(null, new Object[] {null, null}));
+        assertEquals(NullPointerException.class, t.getCause().getClass());
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> arrays() {
+        V v1 = new V(10);
+        V v2 = new V(20);
+        Value value = new Value(v1, v2);
+
+        V[] varray = (V[]) Array.newInstance(V.class, 2);
+        V[] varrayNR = (V[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(V.class, 3, new V(0));
+        Value[] valuearray = (Value[]) Array.newInstance(Value.class, 2);
+        Value[] valuearrayNR = (Value[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Value.class, 3, new Value(new V(0), new V(0)));
+
+        return Stream.of(
+                Arguments.of(V[].class, varray, false, v1),
+                Arguments.of(V[].class, varrayNR, true, v2),
+                Arguments.of(Value[].class, valuearray, false, value),
+                Arguments.of(Value[].class, valuearrayNR, true, value)
+
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Setting the elements of an array.
+     * NPE will be thrown if null is set on an element in a null-restricted value class array
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("arrays")
+    public void testArrays(Class<?> arrayClass, Object[] array, boolean nullRestricted, Object element) {
+        Class<?> componentType = arrayClass.getComponentType();
+        assertTrue(arrayClass.isArray());
+        assertSame(arrayClass, array.getClass());
+        assertSame(componentType, array.getClass().getComponentType());
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
+            Object o = Array.get(array, i);
+            if (nullRestricted) {
+                assertTrue(o != null);
+            } else {
+                assertTrue(o == null);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // set elements
+        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
+            Array.set(array, i, element);
+            assertTrue(Array.get(array, i) == element);
+        }
+
+        Arrays.setAll(array, i -> array[i]);
+
+        // test nullable
+        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
+            if (nullRestricted) {
+                final int index = i;
+                assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> Array.set(array, index, null));
+            } else {
+                Array.set(array, i, null);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SuppressWarnings("removal")
+    public void testArraysWrongType() {
+        Integer[] array = {1, 2, 3};
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> Array.set(array, 2, new Byte((byte) 5)));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/StreamTest.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/StreamTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a45b1b36d01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/StreamTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Basic stream tests to iterate on nullable and null-restricted values
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run junit/othervm StreamTest
+ */
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+public class StreamTest {
+
+    static value class X {
+        int x;
+        X(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+        int x() {
+            return x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class Point {
+        public int x;
+        public int y;
+        Point(int x, int y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class Value {
+        int i;
+        @NullRestricted
+        Point p;
+        Point nullable;
+        List<X> list;
+        Value(int i, Point/* Point! */ p, Point np, List<X> list) {
+            this.i = i;
+            this.p = p;
+            this.nullable = np;
+            this.list = list;
+        }
+
+        Point point() {
+            return p;
+        }
+
+        Point nullablePoint() {
+            return nullable;
+        }
+
+        int getI() { return i; }
+
+        List<X> list() { return list; }
+    }
+
+    final Value[] values = init();
+    private Value[] init() {
+        Value[] values = new Value[10];
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            values[i] = new Value(i,
+                                  new Point(i,i*2),
+                                  (i%2) == 0 ? null : new Point(i*10, i*20),
+                                  List.of(new X(i), new X(i*10)));
+        }
+        return values;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testValues() {
+        Arrays.stream(values)
+              .filter(v -> (v.i % 2) == 0)
+              .forEach(System.out::println);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNullRestrictedType() {
+        Arrays.stream(values)
+                .map(Value::point)
+                .filter(p -> p.x >= 5)
+                .forEach(System.out::println);
+
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNullableValueType() {
+        Arrays.stream(values)
+                .map(Value::nullablePoint)
+                .filter(p -> p != null)
+                .forEach(System.out::println);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void mapToInt() {
+        Stream<Point> stream = Arrays.stream(values)
+                                     .filter(v -> (v.getI() % 2) == 0)
+                                     .map(Value::point);
+        stream.forEach(p -> assertTrue((p.x % 2) == 0));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testListOfValues() {
+        long count = Arrays.stream(values)
+                           .map(Value::list)
+                           .flatMap(List::stream)
+                           .map(X::x)
+                           .filter(x -> x >= 10)
+                           .count();
+        assertEquals(count, values.length-1);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/SubstitutabilityTest.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/SubstitutabilityTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d0754b88f9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/SubstitutabilityTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @modules java.base/java.lang.runtime:open
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run junit/othervm SubstitutabilityTest
+ */
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+public class SubstitutabilityTest {
+    static value class Point {
+        public int x;
+        public int y;
+        Point(int x, int y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class Line {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Point p1;
+        @NullRestricted
+        Point p2;
+
+        Line(Point p1, Point p2) {
+            this.p1 = p1;
+            this.p2 = p2;
+        }
+        Line(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
+            this(new Point(x1, y1), new Point(x2, y2));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // contains null-reference and null-restricted fields
+    static value class MyValue {
+        MyValue2 v1;
+        @NullRestricted
+        MyValue2 v2;
+        public MyValue(MyValue2 v1, MyValue2 v2) {
+            this.v1 = v1;
+            this.v2 = v2;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyValue2 {
+        static int cnt = 0;
+        int x;
+        MyValue2(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyFloat {
+        public static float NaN1 = Float.intBitsToFloat(0x7ff00001);
+        public static float NaN2 = Float.intBitsToFloat(0x7ff00002);
+        float x;
+        MyFloat(float x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+        public String toString() {
+            return Float.toString(x);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class MyDouble {
+        public static double NaN1 = Double.longBitsToDouble(0x7ff0000000000001L);
+        public static double NaN2 = Double.longBitsToDouble(0x7ff0000000000002L);
+        double x;
+        MyDouble(double x) {
+            this.x = x;
+        }
+        public String toString() {
+            return Double.toString(x);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> substitutableCases() {
+        Point p1 = new Point(10, 10);
+        Point p2 = new Point(20, 20);
+        Line l1 = new Line(p1, p2);
+        MyValue v1 = new MyValue(null, new MyValue2(0));
+        MyValue v2 = new MyValue(new MyValue2(2), new MyValue2(3));
+        MyValue2 value2 = new MyValue2(2);
+        MyValue2 value3 = new MyValue2(3);
+        MyValue[] va = new MyValue[1];
+        return Stream.of(
+                Arguments.of(new MyFloat(1.0f), new MyFloat(1.0f)),
+                Arguments.of(new MyDouble(1.0), new MyDouble(1.0)),
+                Arguments.of(new MyFloat(Float.NaN), new MyFloat(Float.NaN)),
+                Arguments.of(new MyDouble(Double.NaN), new MyDouble(Double.NaN)),
+                Arguments.of(p1, new Point(10, 10)),
+                Arguments.of(p2, new Point(20, 20)),
+                Arguments.of(l1, new Line(10,10, 20,20)),
+                Arguments.of(v2, new MyValue(value2, value3))
+        );
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("substitutableCases")
+    public void substitutableTest(Object a, Object b) {
+        assertTrue(isSubstitutable(a, b));
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> notSubstitutableCases() {
+        return Stream.of(
+                Arguments.of(new MyFloat(1.0f), new MyFloat(2.0f)),
+                Arguments.of(new MyDouble(1.0), new MyDouble(2.0)),
+                Arguments.of(new MyFloat(MyFloat.NaN1), new MyFloat(MyFloat.NaN2)),
+                Arguments.of(new MyDouble(MyDouble.NaN1), new MyDouble(MyDouble.NaN2)),
+                Arguments.of(new Point(10, 10), new Point(20, 20)),
+                Arguments.of(Integer.valueOf(10), Integer.valueOf(20))
+        );
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("notSubstitutableCases")
+    public void notSubstitutableTest(Object a, Object b) {
+        assertFalse(isSubstitutable(a, b));
+    }
+
+    private static final Method IS_SUBSTITUTABLE;
+    static {
+        Method m = null;
+        try {
+            Class<?> c = Class.forName("java.lang.runtime.ValueObjectMethods");
+            m = c.getDeclaredMethod("isSubstitutable", Object.class, Object.class);
+            m.setAccessible(true);
+        } catch (ReflectiveOperationException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+        IS_SUBSTITUTABLE = m;
+    }
+    private static boolean isSubstitutable(Object a, Object b) {
+        try {
+            return (boolean) IS_SUBSTITUTABLE.invoke(null, a, b);
+        } catch (ReflectiveOperationException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class IntValue {
+        int value;
+
+        static final int[] EDGE_CASES = {
+                0, -1, 1,
+                Integer.MIN_VALUE, Integer.MAX_VALUE
+        };
+
+        public IntValue(int index) {
+            value = EDGE_CASES[index];
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "IntValue(" + value +
+                    ", bits=0x" + Integer.toHexString(value) + ")";
+        }
+
+        static boolean cmp(int i, int j) {
+            return EDGE_CASES[i] == EDGE_CASES[j];
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class NestedValue {
+        IntValue value;
+
+        static final IntValue[] EDGE_CASES = {
+                null, new IntValue(0), new IntValue(1), new IntValue(2),
+                new IntValue(3), new IntValue(0)
+        };
+
+        public NestedValue(int index) {
+            value = EDGE_CASES[index];
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "NestedValue(" + value + ")";
+        }
+
+        static boolean cmp(int i, int j) {
+            return EDGE_CASES[i] == EDGE_CASES[j];
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static boolean testNestedValue(NestedValue v1, NestedValue v2) {
+        return v1 == v2;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testNestedValue() {
+        // NestedValue
+        for (int i = 0; i < NestedValue.EDGE_CASES.length; ++i) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < NestedValue.EDGE_CASES.length; ++j) {
+                NestedValue val1 = new NestedValue(i);
+                NestedValue val2 = new NestedValue(j);
+                boolean res = testNestedValue(val1, val2);
+                assertEquals(NestedValue.cmp(i, j), res, () -> val1 + " == " + val2);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/TEST.properties b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/TEST.properties
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..77d6e69db06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/TEST.properties
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+modules = java.base/jdk.internal.value \
+          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/UseValueClassTest.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/UseValueClassTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..16b36f3c16e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/UseValueClassTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.time.LocalDate;
+import java.time.LocalDateTime;
+import java.time.LocalTime;
+import java.time.MonthDay;
+import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
+import java.time.OffsetTime;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.OptionalDouble;
+import java.util.OptionalInt;
+import java.util.OptionalLong;
+import java.time.Period;
+import java.time.Year;
+import java.time.YearMonth;
+import java.time.ZonedDateTime;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test that classes are value classes or not depending on --enable-preview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @run junit/othervm -Xlog --enable-preview UseValueClassTest
+ * @run junit/othervm -Xlog UseValueClassTest
+ */
+
+public class UseValueClassTest {
+
+    // Classes to be checked
+    private static Stream<Class<?>> classProvider() {
+        Class<?>[] classes = {
+                Byte.class,
+                Short.class,
+                Integer.class,
+                Long.class,
+                Float.class,
+                Double.class,
+                Boolean.class,
+                Character.class,
+                Number.class,
+                Record.class,
+                Duration.class,
+                Instant.class,
+                LocalDate.class,
+                LocalDateTime.class,
+                LocalTime.class,
+                MonthDay.class,
+                OffsetDateTime.class,
+                OffsetTime.class,
+                Optional.class,
+                OptionalDouble.class,
+                OptionalInt.class,
+                OptionalLong.class,
+                Period.class,
+                Year.class,
+                YearMonth.class,
+                ZonedDateTime.class,
+        };
+        return Arrays.stream(classes, 0, classes.length);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Verify that the class is a value class if --enable-preview is true
+     * @param clazz a class
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("classProvider")
+    public void testValue(Class<?> clazz) {
+        System.out.printf("isPreview: %s%n", PreviewFeatures.isEnabled());
+        assertEquals(PreviewFeatures.isEnabled(), clazz.isValue(), clazz.getName());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ValueClassCompatibilityTest.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ValueClassCompatibilityTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c7a643fd08d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ValueClassCompatibilityTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8377576
+ * @summary Test jdk.internal.value.ValueClass with and without preview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @run junit ValueClassCompatibilityTest
+ * @run junit/othervm --enable-preview ValueClassCompatibilityTest
+ */
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+class ValueClassCompatibilityTest {
+    @Test
+    void testIsValueObjectCompatible() {
+        isValueObjectCompatibleCase(false, int.class, "primitive");
+        isValueObjectCompatibleCase(true, Object.class, "Object");
+        isValueObjectCompatibleCase(true, Number.class, "abstract value class");
+        isValueObjectCompatibleCase(true, Integer.class, "final value class");
+        isValueObjectCompatibleCase(false, ClassValue.class, "abstract identity class");
+        isValueObjectCompatibleCase(false, ArrayList.class, "identity class");
+        isValueObjectCompatibleCase(false, String.class, "final identity class");
+        isValueObjectCompatibleCase(true, Comparable.class, "interface");
+        isValueObjectCompatibleCase(false, int[].class, "array class");
+        isValueObjectCompatibleCase(false, Object[].class, "array class");
+        isValueObjectCompatibleCase(false, Number[].class, "array class");
+        isValueObjectCompatibleCase(false, Integer[].class, "array class");
+        isValueObjectCompatibleCase(false, ClassValue[].class, "array class");
+        isValueObjectCompatibleCase(false, ArrayList[].class, "array class");
+        isValueObjectCompatibleCase(false, String[].class, "array class");
+        isValueObjectCompatibleCase(false, Comparable[].class, "array class");
+    }
+
+    private static void isValueObjectCompatibleCase(boolean expected, Class<?> arg, String classification) {
+        assertEquals(PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() && expected,
+                     ValueClass.isValueObjectCompatible(arg),
+                     () -> classification + ": " + arg.getTypeName());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testIsConcreteValueClass() {
+        isConcreteValueClassCase(false, int.class, "primitive");
+        isConcreteValueClassCase(false, Object.class, "Object");
+        isConcreteValueClassCase(false, Number.class, "abstract value class");
+        isConcreteValueClassCase(true, Integer.class, "final value class");
+        isConcreteValueClassCase(false, ClassValue.class, "abstract identity class");
+        isConcreteValueClassCase(false, ArrayList.class, "identity class");
+        isConcreteValueClassCase(false, String.class, "final identity class");
+        isConcreteValueClassCase(false, Comparable.class, "interface");
+        isConcreteValueClassCase(false, int[].class, "array class");
+        isConcreteValueClassCase(false, Object[].class, "array class");
+        isConcreteValueClassCase(false, Number[].class, "array class");
+        isConcreteValueClassCase(false, Integer[].class, "array class");
+        isConcreteValueClassCase(false, ClassValue[].class, "array class");
+        isConcreteValueClassCase(false, ArrayList[].class, "array class");
+        isConcreteValueClassCase(false, String[].class, "array class");
+        isConcreteValueClassCase(false, Comparable[].class, "array class");
+    }
+
+    private static void isConcreteValueClassCase(boolean expected, Class<?> arg, String classification) {
+        assertEquals(PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() && expected,
+                     ValueClass.isConcreteValueClass(arg),
+                     () -> classification + ": " + arg.getTypeName());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testBinaryPayload() {
+        // Actual value class cases are tested in ValueClassPreviewTest
+        assertTrue(ValueClass.hasBinaryPayload(int.class), "primitive");
+        binaryPayloadCase(false, Object.class, "Object");
+        binaryPayloadCase(false, Number.class, "abstract value class");
+        binaryPayloadCase(true, Integer.class, "final value class (wrapper)");
+        binaryPayloadCase(false, Optional.class, "final value class (reference)");
+        binaryPayloadCase(false, ClassValue.class, "abstract identity class");
+        binaryPayloadCase(false, ArrayList.class, "identity class");
+        binaryPayloadCase(false, String.class, "final identity class");
+        binaryPayloadCase(false, Comparable.class, "interface");
+        binaryPayloadCase(false, int[].class, "array class");
+        binaryPayloadCase(false, Object[].class, "array class");
+        binaryPayloadCase(false, Number[].class, "array class");
+        binaryPayloadCase(false, Integer[].class, "array class");
+        binaryPayloadCase(false, ClassValue[].class, "array class");
+        binaryPayloadCase(false, ArrayList[].class, "array class");
+        binaryPayloadCase(false, String[].class, "array class");
+        binaryPayloadCase(false, Comparable[].class, "array class");
+    }
+
+    private static void binaryPayloadCase(boolean expected, Class<?> arg, String classification) {
+        assertEquals(PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() && expected,
+                ValueClass.hasBinaryPayload(arg),
+                () -> classification + ": " + arg.getTypeName());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ValueClassPreviewTest.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ValueClassPreviewTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..377d61071bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ValueClassPreviewTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test jdk.internal.value.ValueClass against preview-only things
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile ${test.file}
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor
+ *             ValueClassPreviewTest$StrictStuff
+ * @run junit ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.OptionalInt;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictInit;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+class ValueClassPreviewTest {
+    @Test
+    void testHasBinaryPayload() {
+        assertTrue(ValueClass.hasBinaryPayload(Integer.class));
+        assertTrue(ValueClass.hasBinaryPayload(OptionalInt.class));
+        assertFalse(ValueClass.hasBinaryPayload(Optional.class));
+
+        value record R1(int a, long b, float c) {}
+        assertTrue(ValueClass.hasBinaryPayload(R1.class));
+        value record R2(R1 a) {}
+        assertTrue(ValueClass.hasBinaryPayload(R2.class));
+        value record R3(String a) {}
+        assertFalse(ValueClass.hasBinaryPayload(R3.class));
+        value record R4(R3 a) {}
+        assertFalse(ValueClass.hasBinaryPayload(R4.class));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testSpecialCopy() {
+        Object[] original = makeArray(4);
+        assertThrows(NegativeArraySizeException.class, () -> ValueClass.copyOfSpecialArray(original, -1));
+        assertArrayEquals(original, ValueClass.copyOfSpecialArray(original, 4));
+        Object[] padded = makeArray(5);
+        padded[4] = null;
+        assertArrayEquals(padded, ValueClass.copyOfSpecialArray(original, 5));
+        Object[] truncated = makeArray(3);
+        assertArrayEquals(truncated, ValueClass.copyOfSpecialArray(original, 3));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testSpecialCopyOfRange() {
+        Object[] original = makeArray(4);
+        assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> ValueClass.copyOfRangeSpecialArray(original, -1, 5));
+        assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> ValueClass.copyOfRangeSpecialArray(original, 5, 5));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ValueClass.copyOfRangeSpecialArray(original, 4, 2));
+        assertArrayEquals(original, ValueClass.copyOfRangeSpecialArray(original, 0, 4));
+        Object[] padded = makeArray(5);
+        padded[4] = null;
+        assertArrayEquals(padded, ValueClass.copyOfRangeSpecialArray(original, 0, 5));
+        Object[] truncated = makeArray(3);
+        assertArrayEquals(truncated, ValueClass.copyOfRangeSpecialArray(original, 0, 3));
+    }
+
+    private static Object[] makeArray(int l) {
+        Object[] arr = ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(Integer.class, l);
+        for (int i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+            arr[i] = Integer.valueOf(i);
+        }
+        return arr;
+    }
+
+    abstract static value class AbstractValue {
+        int a;
+
+        AbstractValue(int a) {
+            this.a = a;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class ChildValue extends AbstractValue {
+        ChildValue(int a) {
+            super(a);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class StrictStuff {
+        @StrictInit int i;
+
+        StrictStuff() {
+            i = 5;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testHasStrictInstanceField() {
+        assertFalse(ValueClass.hasStrictInstanceField(int.class), "primitive");
+        assertFalse(ValueClass.hasStrictInstanceField(int[].class), "array");
+        assertFalse(ValueClass.hasStrictInstanceField(Runnable.class), "interface");
+        assertTrue(ValueClass.hasStrictInstanceField(Integer.class), "1 prim field");
+        assertTrue(ValueClass.hasStrictInstanceField(Optional.class), "1 ref field");
+        assertFalse(ValueClass.hasStrictInstanceField(Number.class), "no-field AVC");
+        assertTrue(ValueClass.hasStrictInstanceField(AbstractValue.class), "AVC with field");
+        assertFalse(ValueClass.hasStrictInstanceField(ChildValue.class), "no immediately declared field");
+        record EmptyRec() {}
+        value record EmptyValueRec() {}
+        record Rec(String s) {}
+        value record ValueRec(String s) {}
+        assertFalse(ValueClass.hasStrictInstanceField(EmptyRec.class), "empty identity record");
+        assertFalse(ValueClass.hasStrictInstanceField(EmptyValueRec.class), "empty value record");
+        assertTrue(ValueClass.hasStrictInstanceField(Rec.class), "identity record");
+        assertTrue(ValueClass.hasStrictInstanceField(ValueRec.class), "value record");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ValueConstantDesc.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ValueConstantDesc.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7a8525eda15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ValueConstantDesc.java
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test ConstantDesc for value classes
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run junit/othervm ValueConstantDesc
+ */
+
+import java.lang.constant.ClassDesc;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+public class ValueConstantDesc {
+    static value class V { }
+
+    private static final MethodHandles.Lookup LOOKUP = MethodHandles.lookup();
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> testCases() {
+        return Stream.of(
+                Arguments.of(V.class, "LValueConstantDesc$V;", "ValueConstantDesc$V"),
+                Arguments.of(V[].class, "[LValueConstantDesc$V;", "ValueConstantDesc$V[]"),
+                Arguments.of(V[][].class, "[[LValueConstantDesc$V;", "ValueConstantDesc$V[][]")
+        );
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("testCases")
+    public void classDesc(Class<?> type, String descriptor, String displayName) throws ReflectiveOperationException {
+        ClassDesc cd = type.describeConstable().orElseThrow();
+        ClassDesc desc = ClassDesc.ofDescriptor(descriptor);
+
+        if (type.isArray()) {
+            assertTrue(cd.isArray());
+            assertFalse(cd.isClassOrInterface());
+        } else {
+            assertFalse(cd.isArray());
+            assertTrue(cd.isClassOrInterface());
+        }
+        assertEquals(cd, desc);
+        assertEquals(cd.displayName(), displayName);
+        assertEquals(cd.descriptorString(), type.descriptorString());
+
+        Class<?> c = cd.resolveConstantDesc(LOOKUP);
+        assertTrue(c == type);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ValueObjectMethodsTest.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ValueObjectMethodsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2573e6886fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/ValueObjectMethodsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,352 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8357373 8370714
+ * @summary test Object methods on value classes
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run junit/othervm ValueObjectMethodsTest
+ * @run junit/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseFieldFlattening ValueObjectMethodsTest
+ * @run junit/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening ValueObjectMethodsTest
+ */
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.function.Function;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+import java.lang.reflect.AccessFlag;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+public class ValueObjectMethodsTest {
+    static value class Point {
+        public int x;
+        public int y;
+        Point(int x, int y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class Line {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Point p1;
+        @NullRestricted
+        Point p2;
+
+        Line(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
+            this.p1 = new Point(x1, y1);
+            this.p2 = new Point(x2, y2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Ref {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Point p;
+        Line l;
+        Ref(Point p, Line l) {
+            this.p = p;
+            this.l = l;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class Value {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Point p;
+        @NullRestricted
+        Line l;
+        Ref r;
+        String s;
+        Value(Point p, Line l, Ref r, String s) {
+            this.p = p;
+            this.l = l;
+            this.r = r;
+            this.s = s;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class ValueOptional {
+        private Object o;
+        public ValueOptional(Object o) {
+            this.o = o;
+        }
+    }
+
+    value record ValueRecord(int i, String name) {}
+
+    static final Point P1 = new Point(1, 2);
+    static final Point P2 = new Point(30, 40);
+    static final Line L1 = new Line(1, 2, 3, 4);
+    static final Line L2 = new Line(10, 20, 3, 4);
+    static final Ref R1 = new Ref(P1, L1);
+    static final Ref R2 = new Ref(P2, null);
+    static final Value V = new Value(P1, L1, R1, "value");
+
+    // Instances to test, classes of each instance are tested too
+    static Stream<Arguments> identitiesData() {
+        Function<String, String> lambda1 = (a) -> "xyz";
+        return Stream.of(
+                Arguments.of(lambda1, true, false),         // a lambda (Identity for now)
+                Arguments.of(new Object(), true, false),    // java.lang.Object
+                Arguments.of("String", true, false),
+                Arguments.of(L1, false, true),
+                Arguments.of(V, false, true),
+                Arguments.of(new ValueRecord(1, "B"), false, true),
+                Arguments.of(new int[0], true, false),     // arrays of primitive type are identity objects
+                Arguments.of(new Object[0], true, false),  // arrays of identity classes are identity objects
+                Arguments.of(new String[0], true, false),  // arrays of identity classes are identity objects
+                Arguments.of(new Value[0], true, false)    // arrays of value classes are identity objects
+        );
+    }
+
+    // Classes to test
+    static Stream<Arguments> classesData() {
+        return Stream.of(
+                Arguments.of(int.class, false, false),       // Fabricated primitive classes
+                Arguments.of(long.class, false, false),
+                Arguments.of(short.class, false, false),
+                Arguments.of(byte.class, false, false),
+                Arguments.of(float.class, false, false),
+                Arguments.of(double.class, false, false),
+                Arguments.of(char.class, false, false),
+                Arguments.of(void.class, false, false),
+                Arguments.of(String.class, true, false),
+                Arguments.of(Object.class, true, false),
+                Arguments.of(Function.class, false, false),  // Interface
+                Arguments.of(Optional.class, false, true),  // Concrete value classes...
+                Arguments.of(Character.class, false, true)
+        );
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("identitiesData")
+    public void identityTests(Object obj, boolean identityClass, boolean valueClass) {
+        Class<?> clazz = obj.getClass();
+        assertEquals(identityClass, Objects.hasIdentity(obj), "Objects.hasIdentity(" + obj + ")");
+
+        // Run tests on the class
+        classTests(clazz, identityClass, valueClass);
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("classesData")
+    public void classTests(Class<?> clazz, boolean identityClass, boolean valueClass) {
+        assertEquals(valueClass, clazz.isValue(), "Class.isValue(): " + clazz);
+
+        assertEquals(clazz.accessFlags().contains(AccessFlag.IDENTITY),
+                identityClass, "AccessFlag.IDENTITY: " + clazz);
+
+        int modifiers = clazz.getModifiers();
+        assertEquals(identityClass, (modifiers & ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY) != 0, "Class.getModifiers() & ACC_IDENTITY != 0");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void identityTestNull() {
+        assertFalse(Objects.hasIdentity(null), "Objects.hasIdentity(null)");
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> equalsTests() {
+        return Stream.of(
+                Arguments.of(P1, P1, true),
+                Arguments.of(P1, new Point(1, 2), true),
+                Arguments.of(P1, P2, false),
+                Arguments.of(P1, L1, false),
+                Arguments.of(L1, new Line(1, 2, 3, 4), true),
+                Arguments.of(L1, L2, false),
+                Arguments.of(L1, L1, true),
+                Arguments.of(V, new Value(P1, L1, R1, "value"), true),
+                Arguments.of(V, new Value(new Point(1, 2), new Line(1, 2, 3, 4), R1, "value"), true),
+                Arguments.of(V, new Value(P1, L1, new Ref(P1, L1), "value"), false),
+                Arguments.of(new Value(P1, L1, R2, "value2"), new Value(P1, L1, new Ref(P2, null), "value2"), false),
+                Arguments.of(new ValueRecord(50, "fifty"), new ValueRecord(50, "fifty"), true),
+
+                // reference classes containing fields of value class
+                Arguments.of(R1, new Ref(P1, L1), false),   // identity object
+
+                // uninitialized default value
+                Arguments.of(new ValueOptional(L1), new ValueOptional(L1), true),
+                Arguments.of(new ValueOptional(List.of(P1)), new ValueOptional(List.of(P1)), false)
+        );
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("equalsTests")
+    public void testEquals(Object o1, Object o2, boolean expected) {
+        assertEquals(expected, o1.equals(o2), "equality");
+        if (expected) {
+            // If the values are equals, then the hashcode should equal
+            assertEquals(o1.hashCode(), o2.hashCode(), "obj.hashCode");
+            assertEquals(System.identityHashCode(o1), System.identityHashCode(o2), "System.identityHashCode");
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> toStringTests() {
+        return Stream.of(
+                Arguments.of(new Point(100, 200)),
+                Arguments.of(new Line(1, 2, 3, 4)),
+                Arguments.of(V),
+                Arguments.of(R1),
+                // enclosing instance field `this$0` should be filtered
+                Arguments.of(new Value(P1, L1, null, null)),
+                Arguments.of(new Value(P2, L2, new Ref(P1, null), "value")),
+                Arguments.of(new ValueOptional(P1))
+        );
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("toStringTests")
+    public void testToString(Object o) {
+        String expected = String.format("%s@%s", o.getClass().getName(), Integer.toHexString(o.hashCode()));
+        assertEquals(o.toString(), expected);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testValueRecordToString() {
+        ValueRecord o = new ValueRecord(30, "thirty");
+        assertEquals("ValueRecord[i=30, name=thirty]", o.toString());
+    }
+
+    static Stream<List<Object>> hashcodeTests() {
+        Point p1 = new Point(0, 1);
+        Point p2 = new Point(0, 2);
+        Point p3 = new Point(1, 1);
+        Point p4 = new Point(2, 2);
+
+        Line l1 = new Line(0, 1, 2, 3);
+        Line l2 = new Line(9, 1, 2, 3);
+        Line l3 = new Line(0, 9, 2, 3);
+        Line l4 = new Line(0, 1, 9, 3);
+        Line l5 = new Line(0, 1, 2, 9);
+
+        Ref r1 = new Ref(p1, l1);
+        Ref r2 = new Ref(p1, l2);
+        Ref r3 = new Ref(p2, l1);
+        Ref r4 = new Ref(p2, l2);
+        Value v1 = new Value(p1, l1, r1, "s1");
+        Value v2 = new Value(p2, l1, r1, "s1");
+        Value v3 = new Value(p1, l2, r1, "s1");
+        Value v4 = new Value(p1, l1, r2, "s1");
+        Value v5 = new Value(p1, l1, r1, "s2");
+        ValueOptional vo1 = new ValueOptional(p1);
+        ValueOptional vo2 = new ValueOptional(p2);
+
+        // Each list has objects that differ from each other so the hashCodes must differ too
+        return Stream.of(
+                List.of(10, 20, 30, 40),
+                List.of(0x0001000100020002L, 0x0002000200040004L, 0x0008000800100010L, 0x0020002000400040L),
+                List.of(p1, p2, p3, p4),
+                List.of(l1, l2, l3, l4, l5),
+                List.of(r1, r2, r3, r4),
+                List.of(v1, v2, v3, v4, v5),
+                List.of(vo1, vo2)
+        );
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("hashcodeTests")
+    public void testHashCode(List<Object> objects) {
+        assertTrue(objects.size() > 1, "More than one object is required: " + objects);
+
+        long count = objects.stream().map(System::identityHashCode).distinct().count();
+        assertEquals(objects.size(), count, "System.identityHashCode must not repeat: " + objects);
+        count = objects.stream().map(Object::hashCode).distinct().count();
+        assertEquals(objects.size(), count, "Object.hashCode must not repeat: "  + objects);
+    }
+
+    interface Number {
+        int value();
+    }
+
+    static class ReferenceType implements Number {
+        int i;
+        public ReferenceType(int i) {
+            this.i = i;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return i;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public boolean equals(Object o) {
+            if (o instanceof Number) {
+                return this.value() == ((Number)o).value();
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class ValueType1 implements Number {
+        int i;
+        public ValueType1(int i) {
+            this.i = i;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return i;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class ValueType2 implements Number {
+        int i;
+        public ValueType2(int i) {
+            this.i = i;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return i;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public boolean equals(Object o) {
+            if (o instanceof Number) {
+                return this.value() == ((Number)o).value();
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> interfaceEqualsTests() {
+        return Stream.of(
+                Arguments.of(new ReferenceType(10), new ReferenceType(10), false, true),
+                Arguments.of(new ValueType1(10),    new ValueType1(10),    true,  true),
+                Arguments.of(new ValueType2(10),    new ValueType2(10),    true,  true),
+                Arguments.of(new ValueType1(20),    new ValueType2(20),    false, false),
+                Arguments.of(new ValueType2(20),    new ValueType1(20),    false, true),
+                Arguments.of(new ReferenceType(30), new ValueType1(30),    false, true),
+                Arguments.of(new ReferenceType(30), new ValueType2(30),    false, true)
+        );
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("interfaceEqualsTests")
+    public void testNumber(Number n1, Number n2, boolean isSubstitutable, boolean isEquals) {
+        assertEquals(isSubstitutable, (n1 == n2));
+        assertEquals(isEquals, n1.equals(n2));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/WeakReferenceTest.java b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/WeakReferenceTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cb3ff0abd54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/valhalla/valuetypes/WeakReferenceTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
+import java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue;
+
+import org.testng.annotations.Test;
+import static org.testng.Assert.*;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test value classes with Reference types
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run testng/othervm WeakReferenceTest
+ */
+@Test
+public class WeakReferenceTest {
+    static value class Value {
+    }
+
+    @Test(expectedExceptions = IdentityException.class)
+    static void test1() {
+        Value v = new Value();
+        WeakReference<Value> r = new WeakReference<>(v);
+    }
+
+    @Test(expectedExceptions = IdentityException.class)
+    static void test2() {
+        ReferenceQueue<Object> q = new ReferenceQueue<>();
+        Value v = new Value();
+        WeakReference<Value> r = new WeakReference<>(v, q);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jtreg-ext/requires/VMProps.java b/test/jtreg-ext/requires/VMProps.java
index d8c279781b5..e4e0d5f3bfd 100644
--- a/test/jtreg-ext/requires/VMProps.java
+++ b/test/jtreg-ext/requires/VMProps.java
@@ -328,6 +328,7 @@ protected void vmOptFinalFlags(SafeMap map) {
         vmOptFinalFlag(map, "ClassUnloadingWithConcurrentMark");
         vmOptFinalFlag(map, "CriticalJNINatives");
         vmOptFinalFlag(map, "EliminateAllocations");
+        vmOptFinalFlag(map, "TieredCompilation");
         vmOptFinalFlag(map, "UnlockExperimentalVMOptions");
         vmOptFinalFlag(map, "UseAdaptiveSizePolicy");
         vmOptFinalFlag(map, "UseCompressedOops");
diff --git a/test/jtreg_value_class_plugin/plugin/META-INF/services/com.sun.source.util.Plugin b/test/jtreg_value_class_plugin/plugin/META-INF/services/com.sun.source.util.Plugin
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e6e4cc7b4d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jtreg_value_class_plugin/plugin/META-INF/services/com.sun.source.util.Plugin
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+jdk.test.valueclass.ValueClassPlugin
diff --git a/test/jtreg_value_class_plugin/plugin/jdk/test/valueclass/ValueClassPlugin.java b/test/jtreg_value_class_plugin/plugin/jdk/test/valueclass/ValueClassPlugin.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f2ef7b9d44b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jtreg_value_class_plugin/plugin/jdk/test/valueclass/ValueClassPlugin.java
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package jdk.test.valueclass;
+
+import com.sun.source.util.JavacTask;
+import com.sun.source.util.Plugin;
+import com.sun.source.util.TaskEvent;
+import com.sun.source.util.TaskListener;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.api.BasicJavacTask;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Preview;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.JCClassDecl;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.TreeScanner;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Context;
+
+/**
+ * A javac plugin that transforms classes annotated with
+ * {@code @jdk.test.valueclass.AsValueClass} into value classes when
+ * {@code --enable-preview} is active.
+ *
+ * <p>The plugin hooks into the PARSE phase. After a compilation unit is
+ * parsed it walks the AST looking for class declarations whose modifier list
+ * contains an annotation whose simple name ends with {@code "ValueClass"}.
+ * For each such class it adds the internal {@code VALUE_CLASS} modifier flag
+ * and clears the {@code IDENTITY_TYPE} flag (which is set by default on all
+ * classes), causing the compiler to treat the class as a value class for all
+ * subsequent phases (Enter, Attr, Gen, …).
+ *
+ * <p>If {@code --enable-preview} is <em>not</em> active the plugin is a
+ * no-op: the annotated classes remain ordinary identity classes, allowing
+ * the same test source to run in both preview and non-preview environments.
+ *
+ * <p>Activated via {@code -Xplugin:ValueClassPlugin} in the javac options.
+ * Must be paired with {@code --enable-preview} for the transformation to
+ * take effect.
+ */
+public class ValueClassPlugin implements Plugin {
+
+    @Override
+    public String getName() {
+        return "ValueClassPlugin";
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void init(JavacTask task, String... args) {
+        Context ctx = ((BasicJavacTask) task).getContext();
+        task.addTaskListener(new TaskListener() {
+            @Override
+            public void finished(TaskEvent e) {
+                if (e.getKind() != TaskEvent.Kind.PARSE) return;
+
+                Preview preview = Preview.instance(ctx);
+                if (!preview.isEnabled()) return;
+
+                new TreeScanner() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void visitClassDef(JCClassDecl tree) {
+                        boolean hasAnnotation = tree.mods.annotations.stream()
+                                .anyMatch(a -> a.annotationType.toString()
+                                        .equals("AsValueClass"));
+                        if (hasAnnotation) {
+                            tree.mods.flags |= Flags.VALUE_CLASS;
+                            tree.mods.flags &= ~Flags.IDENTITY_TYPE;
+                            // Mark the source file as using a preview feature so
+                            // the class file gets minor version 0xFFFF, which the
+                            // JVM requires to recognize the class as a value class.
+                            preview.markUsesPreview(null);
+                        }
+                        super.visitClassDef(tree);
+                    }
+                }.scan((JCTree) e.getCompilationUnit());
+            }
+        });
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/ProblemList-StaticJdk.txt b/test/langtools/ProblemList-StaticJdk.txt
index fc3f2226100..7c14a255d26 100644
--- a/test/langtools/ProblemList-StaticJdk.txt
+++ b/test/langtools/ProblemList-StaticJdk.txt
@@ -41,3 +41,4 @@
 
 #############################################################################
 
+# Value Objects failures start here:
diff --git a/test/langtools/ProblemList-enable-preview.txt b/test/langtools/ProblemList-enable-preview.txt
index b28670c9839..bdf5ee52e3c 100644
--- a/test/langtools/ProblemList-enable-preview.txt
+++ b/test/langtools/ProblemList-enable-preview.txt
@@ -27,9 +27,11 @@
 # where the option IS specified in the task definition and NOT in the test.
 #
 # If the '--enable-preview' option is NOT specified in the task definition,
-# and the option IS specified in the test, then an entry here WILL NOT work.
+# and the option IS specified in the test, then an entry here WILL NOT work. 
 #
 # There are separate sub-sections for each preview project.
 #
 #############################################################################
 
+# Value Objects failures start here:
+
diff --git a/test/langtools/ProblemList.txt b/test/langtools/ProblemList.txt
index 6734464e723..8c89f633e05 100644
--- a/test/langtools/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/langtools/ProblemList.txt
@@ -88,3 +88,4 @@ tools/javap/output/RepeatingTypeAnnotations.java
 
 #############################################################################
 
+# Value Objects failures start here:
diff --git a/test/langtools/TEST.ROOT b/test/langtools/TEST.ROOT
index 8319e724e89..d8e34af8a04 100644
--- a/test/langtools/TEST.ROOT
+++ b/test/langtools/TEST.ROOT
@@ -44,4 +44,5 @@ requires.extraPropDefns.vmOpts = \
     --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED
 requires.properties= \
     vm.continuations \
-    vm.debug
+    vm.debug \
+    java.enablePreview
diff --git a/test/langtools/TEST.groups b/test/langtools/TEST.groups
index e290a1431a3..43f0fa1d84c 100644
--- a/test/langtools/TEST.groups
+++ b/test/langtools/TEST.groups
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#  Copyright (c) 2015, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+#  Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 #  DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 #  This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -88,6 +88,10 @@ tier1 = \
     -:langtools_jshell_unstable \
     -:langtools_slow
 
+tier1_no_valhalla = \
+    :tier1 \
+    -tools/javac/valhalla
+
 # (Almost) no langtools tests are tier 2.
 tier2 = \
     :langtools_jshell_unstable \
diff --git a/test/langtools/jdk/javadoc/doclet/testValueClasses/TestValueClasses.java b/test/langtools/jdk/javadoc/doclet/testValueClasses/TestValueClasses.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4c0b4c17636
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/jdk/javadoc/doclet/testValueClasses/TestValueClasses.java
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug      8308590
+ * @summary  value classes
+ * @library  /tools/lib ../../lib
+ * @modules jdk.javadoc/jdk.javadoc.internal.tool
+ * @build    toolbox.ToolBox javadoc.tester.*
+ * @run main TestValueClasses
+ */
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+
+import javadoc.tester.JavadocTester;
+import toolbox.ToolBox;
+
+public class TestValueClasses extends JavadocTester {
+
+    public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
+        var tester = new TestValueClasses();
+        tester.runTests();
+    }
+
+    private final ToolBox tb = new ToolBox();
+
+    @Test
+    public void testConcreteValueClass(Path base) throws IOException {
+        Path src = base.resolve("src");
+        tb.writeJavaFiles(src,
+                "package p; public value class ValueClass {}");
+
+        javadoc("-d", base.resolve("out").toString(),
+                "--enable-preview", "-source", String.valueOf(Runtime.version().feature()),
+                "-sourcepath", src.toString(),
+                "p");
+        checkExit(Exit.OK);
+
+        checkOutput("p/ValueClass.html", true,
+                """
+                <div class="type-signature"><span class="modifiers">public final value class </span><span class="element-name type-name-label">ValueClass</span>
+                """);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testAbstractValueClass(Path base) throws IOException {
+        Path src = base.resolve("src");
+        tb.writeJavaFiles(src,
+                "package p; public abstract value class ValueClass {}");
+
+        javadoc("-d", base.resolve("out").toString(),
+                "--enable-preview", "-source", String.valueOf(Runtime.version().feature()),
+                "-sourcepath", src.toString(),
+                "p");
+        checkExit(Exit.OK);
+
+        checkOutput("p/ValueClass.html", true,
+                """
+                <div class="type-signature"><span class="modifiers">public abstract value class </span><span class="element-name type-name-label">ValueClass</span>
+                """);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testValueRecord(Path base) throws IOException {
+        Path src = base.resolve("src");
+        tb.writeJavaFiles(src,
+                "package p; public value record ValueRecord() {}");
+
+        javadoc("-d", base.resolve("out").toString(),
+                "--enable-preview", "-source", String.valueOf(Runtime.version().feature()),
+                "-sourcepath", src.toString(),
+                "p");
+        checkExit(Exit.OK);
+
+        checkOutput("p/ValueRecord.html", true,
+                """
+                <div class="type-signature"><span class="modifiers">public value record </span><span class="element-name type-name-label">ValueRecord</span>()
+                """);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/AnonymousClass/AnonymousClassFlags.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/AnonymousClass/AnonymousClassFlags.java
index f60cb33798b..53a1f242b60 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/AnonymousClass/AnonymousClassFlags.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/AnonymousClass/AnonymousClassFlags.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -22,9 +22,24 @@
  */
 
 /*
- * @test
+ * @test id=NoPreview
  * @bug 8161013
  * @summary Verify that anonymous class binaries have the correct flags set
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @comment Ensure that that this test is skipped if the test is run on a preview enabled
+            VM as the compiled test class has not been forced into preview mode.
+            Valhalla affects the outcome.
+ * @requires !java.enablePreview
+ * @run main AnonymousClassFlags
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=Preview
+ * @bug 8161013
+ * @summary Verify that anonymous class binaries have the correct flags set
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile -XDforcePreview AnonymousClassFlags.java
  * @run main AnonymousClassFlags
  */
 
@@ -36,23 +51,33 @@
 import java.lang.classfile.attribute.InnerClassInfo;
 import java.lang.classfile.attribute.InnerClassesAttribute;
 
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
+
 public class AnonymousClassFlags {
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         new AnonymousClassFlags().test(System.getProperty("test.classes", "."));
     }
 
+    AnonymousClassFlags() {
+        System.currentTimeMillis();
+        super(); // Triggers force preview
+    }
+
+    // ACC_SUPER does not exist in InnerClasses before Value Objects
+    private static final int EXPECTED_ACCESS_FLAGS = PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() ? ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY : 0;
+
     /** Maps names of anonymous classes to their expected inner_class_access_flags */
     private static Map<String, Integer> anonClasses = new LinkedHashMap<>();
 
     // ******* TEST CASES ********
 
     static Object o1 = new Object() {
-        { anonClasses.put(getClass().getName(), 0); }
+        { anonClasses.put(getClass().getName(), EXPECTED_ACCESS_FLAGS); }
     };
 
     static void staticMethod() {
         Object o2 = new Object() {
-            { anonClasses.put(getClass().getName(), 0); }
+            { anonClasses.put(getClass().getName(), EXPECTED_ACCESS_FLAGS); }
         };
     }
 
@@ -60,17 +85,17 @@ static void staticMethod() {
         staticMethod();
 
         Object o3 = new Object() {
-            { anonClasses.put(getClass().getName(), 0); }
+            { anonClasses.put(getClass().getName(), EXPECTED_ACCESS_FLAGS); }
         };
     }
 
     Object o4 = new Object() {
-        { anonClasses.put(getClass().getName(), 0); }
+        { anonClasses.put(getClass().getName(), EXPECTED_ACCESS_FLAGS); }
     };
 
     void instanceMethod() {
         Object o5 = new Object() {
-            { anonClasses.put(getClass().getName(), 0); }
+            { anonClasses.put(getClass().getName(), EXPECTED_ACCESS_FLAGS); }
         };
     }
 
@@ -78,7 +103,7 @@ void instanceMethod() {
         instanceMethod();
 
         Object o6 = new Object() {
-            { anonClasses.put(getClass().getName(), 0); }
+            { anonClasses.put(getClass().getName(), EXPECTED_ACCESS_FLAGS); }
         };
     }
 
@@ -103,7 +128,7 @@ void test(String classesDir) throws Exception {
 
     static void assertClassFlags(ClassModel classFile, String name, int expected) {
         int mask = ClassFile.ACC_PUBLIC | ClassFile.ACC_FINAL | ClassFile.ACC_INTERFACE | ClassFile.ACC_ABSTRACT |
-                   ClassFile.ACC_SYNTHETIC | ClassFile.ACC_ANNOTATION | ClassFile.ACC_ENUM;
+                   ClassFile.ACC_SYNTHETIC | ClassFile.ACC_ANNOTATION | ClassFile.ACC_ENUM | ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY;
         int classExpected = (expected & mask) | ClassFile.ACC_SUPER;
         int classActual = classFile.flags().flagsMask();
         if (classActual != classExpected) {
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/ClassFileModifiers/ClassModifiers.out b/test/langtools/tools/javac/ClassFileModifiers/ClassModifiers.out
index bdccff8a31a..18556692158 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/ClassFileModifiers/ClassModifiers.out
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/ClassFileModifiers/ClassModifiers.out
@@ -1,121 +1,121 @@
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iC
---- SUPER
+---
 INNERCLASS  iC
 ---
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iSC
---- SUPER
+---
 INNERCLASS  iSC
 --- STATIC
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iVC
---- SUPER
+---
 INNERCLASS  iVC
 --- PRIVATE
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iSVC
---- SUPER
+---
 INNERCLASS  iSVC
 --- PRIVATE STATIC
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iFC
---- FINAL SUPER
+--- FINAL
 INNERCLASS  iFC
 --- FINAL
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iSFC
---- FINAL SUPER
+--- FINAL
 INNERCLASS  iSFC
 --- STATIC FINAL
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iFVC
---- FINAL SUPER
+--- FINAL
 INNERCLASS  iFVC
 --- PRIVATE FINAL
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iSFVC
---- FINAL SUPER
+--- FINAL
 INNERCLASS  iSFVC
 --- PRIVATE STATIC FINAL
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iAC
---- SUPER ABSTRACT
+--- ABSTRACT
 INNERCLASS  iAC
 --- ABSTRACT
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iSAC
---- SUPER ABSTRACT
+--- ABSTRACT
 INNERCLASS  iSAC
 --- STATIC ABSTRACT
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iAVC
---- SUPER ABSTRACT
+--- ABSTRACT
 INNERCLASS  iAVC
 --- PRIVATE ABSTRACT
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iSAVC
---- SUPER ABSTRACT
+--- ABSTRACT
 INNERCLASS  iSAVC
 --- PRIVATE STATIC ABSTRACT
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iRC
---- PUBLIC SUPER
+--- PUBLIC
 INNERCLASS  iRC
 --- PROTECTED
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iSRC
---- PUBLIC SUPER
+--- PUBLIC
 INNERCLASS  iSRC
 --- PROTECTED STATIC
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iUC
---- PUBLIC SUPER
+--- PUBLIC
 INNERCLASS  iUC
 --- PUBLIC
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iSUC
---- PUBLIC SUPER
+--- PUBLIC
 INNERCLASS  iSUC
 --- PUBLIC STATIC
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iFRC
---- PUBLIC FINAL SUPER
+--- PUBLIC FINAL
 INNERCLASS  iFRC
 --- PROTECTED FINAL
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iSFRC
---- PUBLIC FINAL SUPER
+--- PUBLIC FINAL
 INNERCLASS  iSFRC
 --- PROTECTED STATIC FINAL
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iFUC
---- PUBLIC FINAL SUPER
+--- PUBLIC FINAL
 INNERCLASS  iFUC
 --- PUBLIC FINAL
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iSFUC
---- PUBLIC FINAL SUPER
+--- PUBLIC FINAL
 INNERCLASS  iSFUC
 --- PUBLIC STATIC FINAL
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iARC
---- PUBLIC SUPER ABSTRACT
+--- PUBLIC ABSTRACT
 INNERCLASS  iARC
 --- PROTECTED ABSTRACT
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iSARC
---- PUBLIC SUPER ABSTRACT
+--- PUBLIC ABSTRACT
 INNERCLASS  iSARC
 --- PROTECTED STATIC ABSTRACT
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iAUC
---- PUBLIC SUPER ABSTRACT
+--- PUBLIC ABSTRACT
 INNERCLASS  iAUC
 --- PUBLIC ABSTRACT
 
 CLASSFILE  T.iSAUC
---- PUBLIC SUPER ABSTRACT
+--- PUBLIC ABSTRACT
 INNERCLASS  iSAUC
 --- PUBLIC STATIC ABSTRACT
 
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ INNERCLASS  iSAUI
 --- PUBLIC STATIC INTERFACE ABSTRACT
 
 CLASSFILE  T
---- SUPER
+---
 INNERCLASS  iSAUI
 --- PUBLIC STATIC INTERFACE ABSTRACT
 INNERCLASS  iAUI
@@ -283,62 +283,62 @@ INNERCLASS  iC
 ---
 
 CLASSFILE  U.jC
---- PUBLIC SUPER
+--- PUBLIC
 INNERCLASS  jC
 --- PUBLIC STATIC
 
 CLASSFILE  U.jSC
---- PUBLIC SUPER
+--- PUBLIC
 INNERCLASS  jSC
 --- PUBLIC STATIC
 
 CLASSFILE  U.jUC
---- PUBLIC SUPER
+--- PUBLIC
 INNERCLASS  jUC
 --- PUBLIC STATIC
 
 CLASSFILE  U.jSUC
---- PUBLIC SUPER
+--- PUBLIC
 INNERCLASS  jSUC
 --- PUBLIC STATIC
 
 CLASSFILE  U.jFC
---- PUBLIC FINAL SUPER
+--- PUBLIC FINAL
 INNERCLASS  jFC
 --- PUBLIC STATIC FINAL
 
 CLASSFILE  U.jSFC
---- PUBLIC FINAL SUPER
+--- PUBLIC FINAL
 INNERCLASS  jSFC
 --- PUBLIC STATIC FINAL
 
 CLASSFILE  U.jFUC
---- PUBLIC FINAL SUPER
+--- PUBLIC FINAL
 INNERCLASS  jFUC
 --- PUBLIC STATIC FINAL
 
 CLASSFILE  U.jSFUC
---- PUBLIC FINAL SUPER
+--- PUBLIC FINAL
 INNERCLASS  jSFUC
 --- PUBLIC STATIC FINAL
 
 CLASSFILE  U.jAC
---- PUBLIC SUPER ABSTRACT
+--- PUBLIC ABSTRACT
 INNERCLASS  jAC
 --- PUBLIC STATIC ABSTRACT
 
 CLASSFILE  U.jSAC
---- PUBLIC SUPER ABSTRACT
+--- PUBLIC ABSTRACT
 INNERCLASS  jSAC
 --- PUBLIC STATIC ABSTRACT
 
 CLASSFILE  U.jAUC
---- PUBLIC SUPER ABSTRACT
+--- PUBLIC ABSTRACT
 INNERCLASS  jAUC
 --- PUBLIC STATIC ABSTRACT
 
 CLASSFILE  U.jSAUC
---- PUBLIC SUPER ABSTRACT
+--- PUBLIC ABSTRACT
 INNERCLASS  jSAUC
 --- PUBLIC STATIC ABSTRACT
 
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/ClassFileModifiers/MemberModifiers.out b/test/langtools/tools/javac/ClassFileModifiers/MemberModifiers.out
index 6d26076a57f..5f7371ee213 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/ClassFileModifiers/MemberModifiers.out
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/ClassFileModifiers/MemberModifiers.out
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 
 CLASSFILE  MemberModifiers.c
---- SUPER
+---
 METHOD  <init>
 ---
 
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ CLASSFILE  MemberModifiers.i
 --- INTERFACE ABSTRACT
 
 CLASSFILE  MemberModifiers
---- PUBLIC FINAL SUPER
+--- PUBLIC FINAL
 FIELD  f
 ---
 METHOD  <init>
@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@ METHOD  m
 ---
 
 CLASSFILE  MemberModifiersAux.Foo.c
---- SUPER
+---
 METHOD  <init>
 ---
 
 CLASSFILE  MemberModifiersAux.Foo
---- FINAL SUPER
+--- FINAL
 FIELD  f
 ---
 METHOD  <init>
@@ -31,6 +31,6 @@ METHOD  m
 ---
 
 CLASSFILE  MemberModifiersAux
---- SUPER
+---
 METHOD  <init>
 ---
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/DefiniteAssignment/DA_DUConstructors.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/DefiniteAssignment/DA_DUConstructors.java
index 60d79d93129..14cb5b57ec8 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/DefiniteAssignment/DA_DUConstructors.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/DefiniteAssignment/DA_DUConstructors.java
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * @test /nodynamiccopyright/
- * @bug 8325805
+ * @bug 8324873 8325805
  * @summary Permit non-superclass instance field assignments before this/super in constructors
  * @compile/fail/ref=DA_DUConstructors.out -XDrawDiagnostics DA_DUConstructors.java
  */
@@ -16,12 +16,13 @@ class C1 {
         }
     }
 
-    class C2 {
+    class C2_Base {
+        C2_Base(int i) {}
+    }
+    class C2 extends C2_Base {
         final int x;
         C2() {
-            this(x = 3); // error
-        }
-        C2(int i) {
+            super(x = 3); // error
             x = 4;
         }
     }
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/DefiniteAssignment/DA_DUConstructors.out b/test/langtools/tools/javac/DefiniteAssignment/DA_DUConstructors.out
index 03cd6c2574b..d2e9d306bf8 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/DefiniteAssignment/DA_DUConstructors.out
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/DefiniteAssignment/DA_DUConstructors.out
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
-DA_DUConstructors.java:22:17: compiler.err.var.might.already.be.assigned: x
-DA_DUConstructors.java:41:23: compiler.err.var.might.not.have.been.initialized: x
+DA_DUConstructors.java:26:13: compiler.err.var.might.already.be.assigned: x
+DA_DUConstructors.java:42:23: compiler.err.var.might.not.have.been.initialized: x
 2 errors
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/Diagnostics/8043251/T8043251.out b/test/langtools/tools/javac/Diagnostics/8043251/T8043251.out
index 2b17605d7de..77af02419d4 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/Diagnostics/8043251/T8043251.out
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/Diagnostics/8043251/T8043251.out
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-T8043251.java:9:42: compiler.err.cant.apply.symbol.noargs: kindname.method, identity, kindname.interface, java.util.function.Function<T,R>, (compiler.misc.wrong.number.type.args: 1)
+T8043251.java:9:42: compiler.err.cant.apply.symbol.noargs: kindname.method, identity, java.util.function.Function<T,R>, (compiler.misc.wrong.number.type.args: 1)
 1 error
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyAssignmentNoPreview2.out b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyAssignmentNoPreview2.out
index 1250c714c4a..19b830d3a6c 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyAssignmentNoPreview2.out
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyAssignmentNoPreview2.out
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-EarlyAssignmentNoPreview2.java:12:14: compiler.err.feature.not.supported.in.source: (compiler.misc.feature.flexible.constructors), 24, 25
+EarlyAssignmentNoPreview2.java:12:18: compiler.err.feature.not.supported.in.source: (compiler.misc.feature.flexible.constructors), 24, 25
 1 error
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyAssignmentNoPreview3.out b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyAssignmentNoPreview3.out
index f1ccf9cfa7d..e5e09f30e0c 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyAssignmentNoPreview3.out
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyAssignmentNoPreview3.out
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-EarlyAssignmentNoPreview3.java:12:39: compiler.err.feature.not.supported.in.source: (compiler.misc.feature.flexible.constructors), 24, 25
+EarlyAssignmentNoPreview3.java:12:44: compiler.err.feature.not.supported.in.source: (compiler.misc.feature.flexible.constructors), 24, 25
 1 error
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyAssignments.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyAssignments.java
index 0168ed9f4b4..e1ba3a67381 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyAssignments.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyAssignments.java
@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
 /*
  * @test /nodynamiccopyright/
  * @bug 8325805
+ * @library /tools/javac/lib
  * @summary Permit non-superclass instance field assignments before this/super in constructors
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.tree
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ * @enablePreview
  * @compile/fail/ref=EarlyAssignments.out -XDrawDiagnostics EarlyAssignments.java
  */
 public class EarlyAssignments {
@@ -17,9 +21,9 @@ public Inner1() {
         }
 
         public Inner1(int y) {
-            y = x;                          // FAIL - early 'this' reference
-            y = this.x;                     // FAIL - early 'this' reference
-            y = Inner1.this.x;              // FAIL - early 'this' reference
+            y = x;                          // OK - "x" belongs to this class
+            y = this.x;                     // OK - "x" belongs to this class
+            y = Inner1.this.x;              // OK - "x" belongs to this class
             super();
         }
 
@@ -94,19 +98,19 @@ public static class Inner4 {
 
         public Inner4() {
             x = 0;                              // OK
-            x = x + 1;                          // FAIL - illegal early access
+            x = x + 1;                          // OK
             super();
         }
 
         public Inner4(int a) {
             this.x = 0;                         // OK
-            this.x = this.x + 1;                // FAIL - illegal early access
+            this.x = this.x + 1;                // OK
             super();
         }
 
         public Inner4(char a) {
             Inner4.this.x = 0;                  // OK
-            Inner4.this.x = Inner4.this.x + 1;  // FAIL - illegal early access
+            Inner4.this.x = Inner4.this.x + 1;  // OK
             super();
         }
     }
@@ -168,4 +172,18 @@ public Inner8() {
             super();
         }
     }
+
+    public static class Inner9 {
+        int x = 1;
+        int y;
+        Inner9() {
+            y = x; // FAIL, x has an initializer; no warning mode diagnostic, as this would be ok for a strict field
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class Inner10 {
+        int x = 1;
+        int y = x + 1;  // no warning expected here
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyAssignments.out b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyAssignments.out
index ac765c141e7..5bb1dc9120e 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyAssignments.out
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyAssignments.out
@@ -1,27 +1,24 @@
-EarlyAssignments.java:20:17: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
-EarlyAssignments.java:21:17: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
-EarlyAssignments.java:22:23: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
-EarlyAssignments.java:30:21: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: super
-EarlyAssignments.java:31:21: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
-EarlyAssignments.java:32:26: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
-EarlyAssignments.java:33:34: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
-EarlyAssignments.java:35:36: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
-EarlyAssignments.java:39:17: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
-EarlyAssignments.java:43:21: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
-EarlyAssignments.java:47:22: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
-EarlyAssignments.java:65:13: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
-EarlyAssignments.java:66:17: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
-EarlyAssignments.java:67:25: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
-EarlyAssignments.java:68:31: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
-EarlyAssignments.java:97:17: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
-EarlyAssignments.java:103:22: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
-EarlyAssignments.java:109:35: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
-EarlyAssignments.java:118:17: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
-EarlyAssignments.java:123:22: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
-EarlyAssignments.java:128:29: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
-EarlyAssignments.java:133:17: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: super
-EarlyAssignments.java:138:23: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
-EarlyAssignments.java:147:13: compiler.err.cant.assign.initialized.before.ctor.called: x
-EarlyAssignments.java:156:13: compiler.err.cant.assign.val.to.var: final, x
-EarlyAssignments.java:167:13: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
-26 errors
+EarlyAssignments.java:34:26: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+EarlyAssignments.java:35:21: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+EarlyAssignments.java:36:26: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+EarlyAssignments.java:37:34: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+EarlyAssignments.java:39:36: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
+EarlyAssignments.java:43:17: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+EarlyAssignments.java:47:21: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+EarlyAssignments.java:51:22: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+EarlyAssignments.java:69:13: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+EarlyAssignments.java:70:17: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+EarlyAssignments.java:71:25: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
+EarlyAssignments.java:72:31: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
+EarlyAssignments.java:122:17: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+EarlyAssignments.java:127:22: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+EarlyAssignments.java:132:29: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+EarlyAssignments.java:137:22: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+EarlyAssignments.java:142:28: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+EarlyAssignments.java:151:13: compiler.err.cant.assign.initialized.before.ctor.called: x
+EarlyAssignments.java:160:13: compiler.err.cant.assign.val.to.var: final, x
+EarlyAssignments.java:171:13: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
+EarlyAssignments.java:180:17: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+- compiler.note.preview.filename: EarlyAssignments.java, DEFAULT
+- compiler.note.preview.recompile
+21 errors
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyInnerAccessErrorMessageTest.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyInnerAccessErrorMessageTest.java
index c8279543244..8e4b47fe980 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyInnerAccessErrorMessageTest.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyInnerAccessErrorMessageTest.java
@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
 /*
  * @test /nodynamiccopyright/
  * @bug 8334488
+ * @library /tools/javac/lib
  * @summary Verify the error message generated for early access from inner class
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.tree
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ * @enablePreview
  * @compile/fail/ref=EarlyInnerAccessErrorMessageTest.out -XDrawDiagnostics EarlyInnerAccessErrorMessageTest.java
  */
 public class EarlyInnerAccessErrorMessageTest {
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyInnerAccessErrorMessageTest.out b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyInnerAccessErrorMessageTest.out
index 2bea02bed10..c90cc9164b3 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyInnerAccessErrorMessageTest.out
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyInnerAccessErrorMessageTest.out
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-EarlyInnerAccessErrorMessageTest.java:11:34: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+EarlyInnerAccessErrorMessageTest.java:15:34: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
 1 error
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLambdaReturn.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLambdaReturn.java
index a56974ea252..acf56de86f8 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLambdaReturn.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLambdaReturn.java
@@ -23,7 +23,12 @@
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8345438
+ * @library /tools/javac/lib
  * @summary Verify 'return' allowed in a lambda declared in an early construction context
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.tree
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main EarlyLambdaReturn
  */
 public class EarlyLambdaReturn {
 
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalClass.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalClass.java
index 5ac5aba82ed..2127ecc8e00 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalClass.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalClass.java
@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
 /*
  * @test /nodynamiccopyright/
  * @bug 8325805
+ * @library /tools/javac/lib
  * @summary Verify local class in early construction context has no outer instance
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.tree
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ * @enablePreview
  * @compile/fail/ref=EarlyLocalClass.out -XDrawDiagnostics EarlyLocalClass.java
  */
 public class EarlyLocalClass {
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalClass.out b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalClass.out
index 1024b5bdf26..17fc5f89316 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalClass.out
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalClass.out
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-EarlyLocalClass.java:11:32: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
+EarlyLocalClass.java:15:32: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
 1 error
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest1.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest1.java
index a51189c11c9..1719a432693 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest1.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest1.java
@@ -23,7 +23,12 @@
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8333313
+ * @library /tools/javac/lib
  * @summary Verify references to local classes declared in early construction contexts
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.tree
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main EarlyLocalTest1
  */
 public class EarlyLocalTest1 {
 
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest2.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest2.java
index 09dbc66e2d3..c314867b3f0 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest2.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest2.java
@@ -23,7 +23,12 @@
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8333313
+ * @library /tools/javac/lib
  * @summary Verify references to local classes declared in early construction contexts
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.tree
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main EarlyLocalTest2
  */
 public class EarlyLocalTest2 {
 
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest3.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest3.java
index 34d280532c3..96fad2a5cde 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest3.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest3.java
@@ -23,8 +23,14 @@
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8333313
+ * @library /tools/javac/lib
  * @summary Verify references to local classes declared in early construction contexts
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.tree
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main EarlyLocalTest3
  */
+
 public class EarlyLocalTest3 {
 
     class Test {
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest4.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest4.java
index 7f6fa032ec7..840a626ac7a 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest4.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest4.java
@@ -23,7 +23,12 @@
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8333313
+ * @library /tools/javac/lib
  * @summary Verify references to local classes declared in early construction contexts
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.tree
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main EarlyLocalTest4
  */
 public class EarlyLocalTest4 {
 
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest5.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest5.java
index c75b97c6beb..c0587f89b0d 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest5.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest5.java
@@ -23,7 +23,12 @@
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8333313
+ * @library /tools/javac/lib
  * @summary Verify references to local classes declared in early construction contexts
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.tree
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main EarlyLocalTest5
  */
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
 
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest6.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest6.java
index 35eda1a5257..86ac1a9b096 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest6.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest6.java
@@ -23,7 +23,12 @@
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8333313
+ * @library /tools/javac/lib
  * @summary Verify references to local classes declared in early construction contexts
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.tree
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main EarlyLocalTest6
  */
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
 
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest7.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest7.java
index 885783eb9b0..cc18a4caa7c 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest7.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest7.java
@@ -23,7 +23,12 @@
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8333313
+ * @library /tools/javac/lib
  * @summary Verify references to local classes declared in early construction contexts
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.tree
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main EarlyLocalTest7
  */
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
 
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest8.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest8.java
index d09e12fcd5d..89e24c7521b 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest8.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/EarlyLocalTest8.java
@@ -23,7 +23,12 @@
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8333313
+ * @library /tools/javac/lib
  * @summary Verify references to local classes declared in early construction contexts
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.tree
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main EarlyLocalTest8
  */
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
 
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/LambdaLocalEarlyCrash.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/LambdaLocalEarlyCrash.java
index 2d2f8c030ee..10f3daf0e10 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/LambdaLocalEarlyCrash.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/LambdaLocalEarlyCrash.java
@@ -23,7 +23,12 @@
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8334037
+ * @library /tools/javac/lib
  * @summary Test for compiler crash when local class created in early lambda
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.tree
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main LambdaLocalEarlyCrash
  */
 
 public class LambdaLocalEarlyCrash {
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/LambdaOuterCapture.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/LambdaOuterCapture.java
index f1f8535e2dd..4e3c9b56095 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/LambdaOuterCapture.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/LambdaOuterCapture.java
@@ -23,7 +23,12 @@
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8334252
+ * @library /tools/javac/lib
  * @summary Test lambda declared in early construction context
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.tree
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main LambdaOuterCapture
  */
 
 public class LambdaOuterCapture {
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/SuperInitFails.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/SuperInitFails.java
index f9cfe5cd7c4..fbfebc088f8 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/SuperInitFails.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/SuperInitFails.java
@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
 /*
  * @test /nodynamiccopyright/
  * @bug 8194743
+ * @library /tools/javac/lib
  * @summary Permit additional statements before this/super in constructors
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.tree
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ * @enablePreview
  * @compile/fail/ref=SuperInitFails.out -XDrawDiagnostics SuperInitFails.java
  */
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
@@ -151,7 +155,7 @@ public SuperInitFails(float[][] x) {
     }
 
     public SuperInitFails(int[][] z) {
-        super((Runnable)() -> x);       // this should FAIL
+        super((Runnable)() -> System.err.println(x));       // this should FAIL
     }
 
     public SuperInitFails(long[][] z) {
@@ -186,6 +190,17 @@ public SuperInitFails(double[][] x) {
         super();
     }
 
+    public int xx;
+
+    SuperInitFails(short[][] ignore) {
+        int i = new SuperInitFails(){
+            void foo() {
+                System.err.println(xx);  // this one is OK, reading field `xx` in the anonymous class
+            }
+        }.xx;  // this one is OK too, field of a fully constructed class
+        super(null);
+    }
+
     public static class Inner4 {
         Inner4() {
             Runnable r = () -> {
@@ -208,4 +223,109 @@ class A {
             super();
         };
     }
+
+    static class Inner5 {
+        int x = 4;
+        static String m1(Runnable r) { return null; }
+        static String m2(Object r) { return null; }
+        Inner5() {
+            m1(() -> System.out.println(x)).toString();
+            m2(x).toString();
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Inner6 {
+        Inner6() {
+            class Bar {
+                Bar() {
+                    Object o = Bar.this;
+                    super();
+                }
+            }
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Inner7 {
+        private int x;
+
+        public Inner7(byte y) {
+            x = y;
+            this((int)y);
+        }
+        public Inner7(int x) {
+            this.x = x;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Inner8 {
+        final int x;
+
+        Inner8() {
+            this(x = 3); // error
+        }
+        Inner8(int i) {
+            x = 4;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Inner9 {
+        interface Parent {
+            boolean check = true;
+        }
+
+        class Medium implements Parent {}
+
+        class Inner9Test extends Medium {
+            Inner9Test() {
+                boolean check1 = Inner9Test.super.check;
+                boolean check2 = super.check;
+                super();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Inner10 {
+        static boolean testMethod() { return true; }
+        Inner10() {}
+        Inner10(int a) {
+            Inner10.this.testMethod();
+            this();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Inner11 {
+        class Inner11_1 {
+            static <T> void m() {}
+        }
+
+        class Inner11_2 extends Inner11_1 {
+            Inner11_2() {
+                Inner11_1.super.<String>m();
+                super();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Inner12 {
+        static final boolean check = true;
+        Inner12() {}
+        Inner12(int a) {
+            boolean b = Inner12.this.check; //compilation error expected here
+            this();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Inner13 {
+        static final boolean check = true;
+        class Inner13_1 {
+            Inner13_1(int a) {
+                boolean b = Inner13.this.check;
+                this();
+            }
+            Inner13_1() {}
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/SuperInitFails.out b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/SuperInitFails.out
index 1a8e8797135..af7dc5fe4fd 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/SuperInitFails.out
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/SuperInitFails.out
@@ -1,34 +1,46 @@
-SuperInitFails.java:56:9: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: hashCode()
-SuperInitFails.java:61:9: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
-SuperInitFails.java:66:9: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: super
-SuperInitFails.java:71:23: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
-SuperInitFails.java:76:23: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: super
-SuperInitFails.java:93:9: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
-SuperInitFails.java:98:33: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
-SuperInitFails.java:103:14: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
-SuperInitFails.java:107:20: compiler.err.not.encl.class: java.lang.Object
-SuperInitFails.java:111:17: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: super
-SuperInitFails.java:118:22: compiler.err.call.must.only.appear.in.ctor
-SuperInitFails.java:124:9: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
-SuperInitFails.java:132:9: compiler.err.non.canonical.constructor.invoke.another.constructor: SuperInitFails.Record1
-SuperInitFails.java:137:9: compiler.err.non.canonical.constructor.invoke.another.constructor: SuperInitFails.Record2
-SuperInitFails.java:154:31: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
-SuperInitFails.java:158:15: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
-SuperInitFails.java:167:13: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
-SuperInitFails.java:171:17: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
-SuperInitFails.java:175:24: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
-SuperInitFails.java:179:18: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
-SuperInitFails.java:185:28: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
-SuperInitFails.java:194:25: compiler.err.return.before.superclass.initialized
-SuperInitFails.java:199:33: compiler.err.ctor.calls.not.allowed.here
-SuperInitFails.java:204:29: compiler.err.redundant.superclass.init
-SuperInitFails.java:32:13: compiler.err.call.must.only.appear.in.ctor
-SuperInitFails.java:36:14: compiler.err.call.must.only.appear.in.ctor
+SuperInitFails.java:60:9: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: hashCode()
+SuperInitFails.java:65:9: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
+SuperInitFails.java:70:9: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: super
+SuperInitFails.java:75:23: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
+SuperInitFails.java:80:23: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: super
+SuperInitFails.java:102:33: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
+SuperInitFails.java:107:14: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
+SuperInitFails.java:111:20: compiler.err.not.encl.class: java.lang.Object
+SuperInitFails.java:115:17: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: super
+SuperInitFails.java:122:22: compiler.err.call.must.only.appear.in.ctor
+SuperInitFails.java:128:9: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
+SuperInitFails.java:136:9: compiler.err.non.canonical.constructor.invoke.another.constructor: SuperInitFails.Record1
+SuperInitFails.java:141:9: compiler.err.non.canonical.constructor.invoke.another.constructor: SuperInitFails.Record2
+SuperInitFails.java:158:50: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+SuperInitFails.java:162:15: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
+SuperInitFails.java:171:13: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+SuperInitFails.java:175:17: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+SuperInitFails.java:179:24: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+SuperInitFails.java:183:18: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+SuperInitFails.java:189:32: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+SuperInitFails.java:198:36: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: xx
+SuperInitFails.java:209:25: compiler.err.return.before.superclass.initialized
+SuperInitFails.java:214:33: compiler.err.ctor.calls.not.allowed.here
+SuperInitFails.java:219:29: compiler.err.redundant.superclass.init
+SuperInitFails.java:232:41: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+SuperInitFails.java:233:16: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+SuperInitFails.java:242:35: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
+SuperInitFails.java:254:13: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+SuperInitFails.java:267:18: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+SuperInitFails.java:283:50: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: check
+SuperInitFails.java:284:39: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: check
+SuperInitFails.java:294:20: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
+SuperInitFails.java:306:26: compiler.err.not.encl.class: SuperInitFails.Inner11.Inner11_1
+SuperInitFails.java:316:37: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: check
+SuperInitFails.java:36:13: compiler.err.call.must.only.appear.in.ctor
 SuperInitFails.java:40:14: compiler.err.call.must.only.appear.in.ctor
-SuperInitFails.java:44:13: compiler.err.call.must.only.appear.in.ctor
-SuperInitFails.java:48:33: compiler.err.call.must.only.appear.in.ctor
-SuperInitFails.java:52:32: compiler.err.call.must.only.appear.in.ctor
-SuperInitFails.java:82:18: compiler.err.ctor.calls.not.allowed.here
-SuperInitFails.java:88:13: compiler.err.return.before.superclass.initialized
-SuperInitFails.java:149:18: compiler.err.call.must.only.appear.in.ctor
-33 errors
+SuperInitFails.java:44:14: compiler.err.call.must.only.appear.in.ctor
+SuperInitFails.java:48:13: compiler.err.call.must.only.appear.in.ctor
+SuperInitFails.java:52:33: compiler.err.call.must.only.appear.in.ctor
+SuperInitFails.java:56:32: compiler.err.call.must.only.appear.in.ctor
+SuperInitFails.java:86:18: compiler.err.ctor.calls.not.allowed.here
+SuperInitFails.java:92:13: compiler.err.return.before.superclass.initialized
+SuperInitFails.java:153:18: compiler.err.call.must.only.appear.in.ctor
+- compiler.note.preview.filename: SuperInitFails.java, DEFAULT
+- compiler.note.preview.recompile
+43 errors
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/SuperInitGood.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/SuperInitGood.java
index 5952ecc6615..afc92d4045a 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/SuperInitGood.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/SuperInitGood.java
@@ -22,8 +22,13 @@
  */
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 8194743 8345438 8356551 8349754
+ * @bug 8194743 8345438 8356551 8349754 8379833
+ * @library /tools/javac/lib
  * @summary Test valid placements of super()/this() in constructors
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.tree
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main SuperInitGood
  */
 
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
@@ -44,6 +49,7 @@ static class Test0 {
     static class Test1 {
         Test1() {
         }
+
         Test1(int a) {
             this.hashCode();
         }
@@ -421,11 +427,6 @@ public Test20(char x) {
             Test20.this.x = x;
             super();
         }
-        public Test20(byte y) {
-            x = y;
-            this((int)y);
-            this.x++;
-        }
     }
 
     // allow creating and using local and anonymous classes before super()
@@ -512,6 +513,34 @@ class Sub extends Test24 {
         }
     }
 
+    public static class Test25 {
+        public Test25(Object o) {}
+
+        class Sub extends Test25 {
+            public Sub() {
+                super(new Object() {
+                    void foo() {
+                        getClass();
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class Test26 {
+        Test26(Test26 t) {}
+
+        Test26(String s) {
+            this(new Test26());
+        }
+
+        Test26() {}
+
+        public static void main(String[] args) {
+            new Test26("test");
+        }
+    }
+
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         new Test0();
         new Test1();
@@ -559,5 +588,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
         new Test22('x');
         new Test23();
         new Test24();
+        new Test25(null);
+        new Test26("");
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/ValueClassSuperInitFails.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/ValueClassSuperInitFails.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e896aa97791
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/ValueClassSuperInitFails.java
@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+/*
+ * @test /nodynamiccopyright/
+ * @bug 8324873
+ * @summary Permit additional statements before this/super in constructors
+ * @compile/fail/ref=ValueClassSuperInitFails.out -XDrawDiagnostics ValueClassSuperInitFails.java
+ * @enablePreview
+ */
+import java.util.function.Function;
+abstract value class AR<V> implements java.io.Serializable {
+    int b = 5;
+    public AR(V initialValue) {
+    }
+    public AR() {
+    }
+}
+
+value class ValueClassSuperInitFails extends AR <Object> implements Iterable<Object> {
+
+    private int x;
+
+/// GOOD EXAMPLES
+
+    public ValueClassSuperInitFails() {           // this should be OK
+        // super()
+    }
+
+    public ValueClassSuperInitFails(Object x) {
+        this.x = x.hashCode();          // this should be OK
+        // super();  the compiler will introduce the super call at this location
+    }
+
+    public ValueClassSuperInitFails(byte x) {
+        super();                        // this should be OK
+    }
+
+    public ValueClassSuperInitFails(char x) {
+        this((int)x);                   // this should be OK
+    }
+
+/// FAIL EXAMPLES
+
+    {
+        this(1);                        // this should FAIL
+    }
+
+    {
+        super();                        // this should FAIL
+    }
+
+    void normalMethod1() {
+        super();                        // this should FAIL
+    }
+
+    void normalMethod2() {
+        this();                         // this should FAIL
+    }
+
+    void normalMethod3() {
+        Runnable r = () -> super();     // this should FAIL
+    }
+
+    void normalMethod4() {
+        Runnable r = () -> this();      // this should FAIL
+    }
+
+    public ValueClassSuperInitFails(short x) {
+        hashCode();                     // this should FAIL
+        //super();
+    }
+
+    public ValueClassSuperInitFails(float x) {
+        this.hashCode();                // this should FAIL
+        //super();
+    }
+
+    public ValueClassSuperInitFails(int x) {
+        super.hashCode();               // this should FAIL
+        //super();
+    }
+
+    public ValueClassSuperInitFails(long x) {
+        ValueClassSuperInitFails.this.hashCode();      // this should FAIL
+        //super();
+    }
+
+    public ValueClassSuperInitFails(double x) {
+        ValueClassSuperInitFails.super.hashCode();     // this should FAIL
+        //super();
+    }
+
+    public ValueClassSuperInitFails(byte[] x) {
+        {
+            super();                    // this should FAIL
+        }
+    }
+
+    public ValueClassSuperInitFails(char[] x) {
+        if (x.length == 0)
+            return;                     // this should FAIL
+        //super();
+    }
+
+    public ValueClassSuperInitFails(short[] x) {
+        this.x = x.length;              // this should be OK
+        //super();
+    }
+
+    public ValueClassSuperInitFails(float[] x) {
+        System.identityHashCode(this);  // this should FAIL
+        //super();
+    }
+
+    public ValueClassSuperInitFails(int[] x) {
+        this(this);                     // this should FAIL
+    }
+
+    public ValueClassSuperInitFails(long[] x) {
+        this(Object.this);              // this should FAIL
+    }
+
+    public ValueClassSuperInitFails(double[] x) {
+        Iterable.super.spliterator();   // this should FAIL
+        //super();
+    }
+
+    public ValueClassSuperInitFails(byte[][] x) {
+        super(new Object() {
+            {
+                super();                // this should FAIL
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    public ValueClassSuperInitFails(char[][] x) {
+        new Inner1();                   // this should FAIL
+        //super();
+    }
+
+    class Inner1 {
+    }
+
+    record Record1(int value) {
+        Record1(float x) {              // this should FAIL
+        }
+    }
+
+    record Record2(int value) {
+        Record2(float x) {              // this should FAIL
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public java.util.Iterator<Object> iterator() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public ValueClassSuperInitFails(short[][] x) {
+        class Foo {
+            Foo() {
+                ValueClassSuperInitFails.this.hashCode();
+            }
+        };
+        new Foo();                      // this should FAIL
+        //super();
+    }
+
+    public ValueClassSuperInitFails(float[][] x) {
+        Runnable r = () -> {
+            super();                    // this should FAIL
+        };
+    }
+
+    public ValueClassSuperInitFails(int[][] z) {
+        super((Function<Integer, Integer>) f -> x);
+    }
+
+    public ValueClassSuperInitFails(long[][] z) {
+        super(new Inner1());            // this should FAIL
+    }
+
+    // these two should FAIL
+    int a = b;
+    int aa = super.b;
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/ValueClassSuperInitFails.out b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/ValueClassSuperInitFails.out
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cc344c35f71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/ValueClassSuperInitFails.out
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:67:9: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: hashCode()
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:72:9: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:77:9: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: super
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:82:33: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:87:33: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: super
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:109:33: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:114:14: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:118:20: compiler.err.not.encl.class: java.lang.Object
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:122:17: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: super
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:129:22: compiler.err.call.must.only.appear.in.ctor
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:135:9: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:143:9: compiler.err.non.canonical.constructor.invoke.another.constructor: ValueClassSuperInitFails.Record1
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:148:9: compiler.err.non.canonical.constructor.invoke.another.constructor: ValueClassSuperInitFails.Record2
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:161:41: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:175:49: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: x
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:179:15: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:183:13: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: b
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:184:19: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: b
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:43:13: compiler.err.call.must.only.appear.in.ctor
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:47:14: compiler.err.call.must.only.appear.in.ctor
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:51:14: compiler.err.call.must.only.appear.in.ctor
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:55:13: compiler.err.call.must.only.appear.in.ctor
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:59:33: compiler.err.call.must.only.appear.in.ctor
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:63:32: compiler.err.call.must.only.appear.in.ctor
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:93:18: compiler.err.ctor.calls.not.allowed.here
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:99:13: compiler.err.return.before.superclass.initialized
+ValueClassSuperInitFails.java:170:18: compiler.err.call.must.only.appear.in.ctor
+- compiler.note.preview.filename: ValueClassSuperInitFails.java, DEFAULT
+- compiler.note.preview.recompile
+27 errors
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/ValueClassSuperInitGood.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/ValueClassSuperInitGood.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ec4566362cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/ValueClassSuperInitGood.java
@@ -0,0 +1,424 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8324873
+ * @summary Test valid placements of super()/this() in constructors
+ * @enablePreview
+ */
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+public value class ValueClassSuperInitGood {
+
+    ValueClassSuperInitGood(Object obj) {
+    }
+
+    ValueClassSuperInitGood(int x) {
+    }
+
+    // Default constructor provided by compiler
+    static value class Test0 {
+    }
+
+    // No explicit calls to this()/super()
+    static abstract value class Test1 {
+        Test1() {
+        }
+        Test1(int a) {
+            super();
+            this.hashCode();
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Explicit calls to this()/super()
+    static abstract value class Test2<T> {
+        static int i;
+        Test2() {
+            this(0);
+        }
+        Test2(int i) {
+            Test2.i = i;
+            super();
+        }
+        Test2(T obj) {
+            this(java.util.Objects.hashCode(obj));
+        }
+        public T get() {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Explicit this()/super() with stuff in front
+    static value class Test3 {
+        int x;
+        final int y;
+        final int z;
+
+        Test3() {
+            new Object().hashCode();
+            new Object().hashCode();
+            this.x = new Object().hashCode();
+            this.y = new Object().hashCode() % 17;
+            this.z = this.x + this.y;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class Test5Abstract {
+        Test5Abstract(Object obj) {}
+    }
+
+    // Reference within constructor to outer class that's also my superclass
+    abstract value class Test5 extends Test5Abstract {
+        Test5(Object obj) {
+            if (obj == null)
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException();
+            super(ValueClassSuperInitGood.this);      // NOT a 'this' reference
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Initialization blocks
+    value class Test6 {
+        final long startTime;
+        List<String> l = new ArrayList<>();
+        {
+            l.add("");
+        }
+        Test6() {
+            long now = System.nanoTime();
+            long then = now + 1000000L;
+            while (System.nanoTime() < then) {
+                try {
+                    Thread.sleep(1);
+                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                    Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            this.startTime = now;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Mix up inner classes, proxies, and super() calls
+    // Copied mostly from UnverifiableInitForNestedLocalClassTest.java
+    public static void test7(final String arg) {
+        final String inlined = " inlined ";
+        abstract value class LocalClass {
+            String m() {
+                return "LocalClass " + arg + inlined;
+            }
+
+            abstract value class SubClass extends LocalClass {
+                @Override
+                String m() {
+                    return "SubClass " + arg + inlined;
+                }
+            }
+
+            value class SubSubClass extends SubClass {
+                @Override
+                String m() {
+                    return "SubSubClass " + arg + inlined;
+                }
+            }
+
+            value class AnotherLocal {
+                value class AnotherSub extends LocalClass {
+                    AnotherSub() {
+                    }
+                    AnotherSub(int x) {
+                        this((char)x);
+                    }
+                    AnotherSub(char y) {
+                        super();
+                    }
+                    @Override
+                    String m() {
+                        return "AnotherSub " + arg + inlined;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Anonymous inner class
+    public static void test8() {
+        new Test2<Byte>(null) {
+            @Override
+            public Byte get() {
+                return (byte)-1;
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    // Qualified super() invocation
+    public static value class Test9 extends Test5 {
+
+        public Test9(ValueClassSuperInitGood implicit, Object obj) {
+            obj.hashCode();
+            implicit.super(obj);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Copied from WhichImplicitThis6
+    public static abstract value class Test10 {
+        private int i;
+        public Test10(int i) { this.i = i; }
+        public value class Sub extends Test10 {
+            public Sub() {
+                super(i); // i is not inherited, so it is the enclosing i
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Two constructors where only one invokes super()
+    public static value class Test11 {
+        public Test11() {
+        }
+        public Test11(int x) {
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Nested version of the previous test
+    public static value class Test12 {
+        Test12() {
+            class Sub {
+                public Sub() {
+                }
+                public Sub(int j) {
+                    super();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Nested super()'s requiring initialization code appended
+    public static value class Test13 extends Test5Abstract {
+        final int x = new Object().hashCode();
+        Test13() {
+            super(new Object() {
+                public void foo() {
+                    class Bar {
+                        final int y = new Object().hashCode();
+                        Bar() {
+                            super();
+                        }
+                        Bar(int ignored) {
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            });
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Qualified super() invocation with superclass instance
+    public static abstract value class Test15 {
+
+        final String name;
+
+        public Test15(String name) {
+            this.name = name;
+        }
+
+        public abstract value class Test15b extends Test15 {
+
+            public Test15b(String name) {
+                super(name);
+            }
+
+            public String getName() {
+                return Test15.this.name;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class Test15c extends Test15.Test15b {
+        public Test15c(Test15 a, String name) {
+            a.super(name);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Mixing up outer instances, proxies, and initializers
+    public static value class Test16 {
+
+        final String x = String.valueOf(new Object().hashCode());
+
+        public void run() {
+
+            final String y = String.valueOf(new Object().hashCode());
+
+            class Sub {
+
+                final String z;
+
+                Sub(String z, int ignored) {
+                    this(z, (float)ignored);
+                }
+
+                Sub(String z, float ignored) {
+                    this.z = z;
+                }
+
+                Sub(String z, byte ignored) {
+                    super();
+                    this.z = z;
+                }
+
+                Sub(String z, char ignored) {
+                    this(z, (int)ignored);
+                }
+
+                String x() {
+                    return x;
+                }
+
+                String y() {
+                    return y;
+                }
+
+                String z() {
+                    return z;
+                }
+            }
+
+            final String z = String.valueOf(new Object().hashCode());
+
+            final Sub[] subs = new Sub[] {
+                new Sub(z, 1),
+                new Sub(z, -1),
+                new Sub(z, (float)0),
+                new Sub(z, (byte)0),
+                new Sub(z, (char)0)
+            };
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < subs.length; i++) {
+                //System.err.println("i = " + i);
+                final Sub sub = subs[i];
+                final String subx = sub.x();
+                final String suby = sub.y();
+                final String subz = sub.z();
+                if (!x.equals(subx))
+                    throw new RuntimeException("x=" + x + " but sub[" + i + "].x()=" + subx);
+                if (!y.equals(suby))
+                    throw new RuntimeException("y=" + y + " but sub[" + i + "].y()=" + suby);
+                if (!z.equals(subz))
+                    throw new RuntimeException("z=" + z + " but sub[" + i + "].z()=" + subz);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Records
+    public value class Test17 {
+
+        record Rectangle(float length, float width) { }
+
+        record StringHolder(String string) {
+            StringHolder {
+                java.util.Objects.requireNonNull(string);
+            }
+        }
+
+        record ValueHolder(int value) {
+            ValueHolder(float x) {
+                if (Float.isNaN(x))
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException();
+                this((int)x);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class AR<V> implements java.io.Serializable {
+        public AR(V initialValue) {
+        }
+
+        public AR() {
+        }
+
+        public final V get() {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // super()/this() within outer try block but inside inner class
+    public static value class Test19 {
+        public Test19(int x) {
+            try {
+                new Test1(x) {
+                    @Override
+                    public int hashCode() {
+                        return x ^ super.hashCode();
+                    }
+                };
+            } catch (StackOverflowError e) {
+                // ignore
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class Test20 {
+        private final int[] data1 = new int[10];
+        private final int[] data2 = new int[10];
+        private final int[] data3 = new int[10];
+        Test20() {
+            for (int i = 0; i < data1.length; i++) {
+                data1[i] = i; // OK we are assigning to an array component
+                this.data2[i] = i; // OK we are assigning to an array component
+                Test20.this.data3[i] = i; // OK we are assigning to an array component
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        new Test0();
+        new Test1() {};
+        new Test1(7) {};
+        new Test2<Byte>() {};
+        new Test2<>(args) {};
+        new Test3();
+        new ValueClassSuperInitGood(3).new Test5(3) {};
+        new ValueClassSuperInitGood(3).new Test6();
+        ValueClassSuperInitGood.test7("foo");
+        ValueClassSuperInitGood.test8();
+        new Test9(new ValueClassSuperInitGood(5), "abc");
+        new Test10(7) {};
+        new Test11(9);
+        new Test12();
+        new Test13();
+        new Test15c(new Test15("foo"){}, "bar");
+        new Test16().run();
+        new Test17.StringHolder("foo");
+        try {
+            new Test17.StringHolder(null);
+            throw new Error();
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // expected
+        }
+        new Test19(123);
+        new Test20();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/api/TestApisWithProjections.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/api/TestApisWithProjections.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ad13f64e20d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/api/TestApisWithProjections.java
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/* This test "covers"/verifies com.sun.tools.javac.model.JavacTypes#asMemberOf's calls
+   to asSuper work*properly with primitive types.
+*/
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8244712
+ * @summary Test API usage with reference projection types.
+ * @ignore
+ * @library ./lib
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.api
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.code
+ * @build ToolTester
+ */
+
+import java.io.*;
+import javax.lang.model.element.Element;
+import javax.lang.model.element.TypeElement;
+import javax.lang.model.type.DeclaredType;
+import javax.lang.model.type.TypeMirror;
+import javax.lang.model.util.ElementFilter;
+import javax.lang.model.util.Elements;
+import javax.lang.model.util.Types;
+import javax.tools.*;
+
+import com.sun.tools.javac.api.JavacTaskImpl;
+
+public class TestApisWithProjections extends ToolTester {
+    public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
+        try (TestApisWithProjections t = new TestApisWithProjections()) {
+            t.run();
+        }
+    }
+
+    void run() throws Exception {
+        StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
+        PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(sw);
+        File file = new File(test_src, "TestApisWithProjections.java");
+        final Iterable<? extends JavaFileObject> compilationUnits =
+            fm.getJavaFileObjects(new File[] {file});
+        task = (JavacTaskImpl)tool.getTask(pw, fm, null, null, null, compilationUnits);
+        elements = task.getElements();
+        types = task.getTypes();
+
+        Iterable<? extends TypeElement> toplevels;
+        toplevels = ElementFilter.typesIn(task.enter(task.parse()));
+
+        for (TypeElement clazz : toplevels) {
+            System.out.format("Testing %s:%n%n", clazz.getSimpleName());
+            testParseType(clazz);
+        }
+
+        pw.close();
+
+        String out = sw.toString();
+        System.out.println(out);
+
+        if (out.contains("com.sun.tools.javac.util"))
+            throw new Exception("Unexpected output from compiler");
+    }
+
+    void testParseType(TypeElement clazz) {
+        DeclaredType type = (DeclaredType)task.parseType("PrimitiveClass<String>", clazz);
+        for (Element member : elements.getAllMembers((TypeElement)type.asElement())) {
+            TypeMirror mt = types.asMemberOf(type, member);
+            System.out.format("%s : %s -> %s%n", member.getSimpleName(), member.asType(), mt);
+        }
+    }
+
+    JavacTaskImpl task;
+    Elements elements;
+    Types types;
+}
+
+abstract class Base<T> {
+    void foo(T t) {}
+}
+
+primitive class PrimitiveClass<T> extends Base<T> {
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/InnerClasses/SyntheticClasses.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/InnerClasses/SyntheticClasses.java
index 4585ef4fdef..c6c4fefdcfa 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/InnerClasses/SyntheticClasses.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/InnerClasses/SyntheticClasses.java
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
  */
 
 /** @test
- *  @bug 8034854
+ *  @bug 8034854 8287203
  *  @summary Verify that the InnerClasses attribute has outer_class_info_index zero if it has
  *           inner_name_index zero (for synthetic classes)
  *  @compile SyntheticClasses.java
@@ -44,6 +44,11 @@ private void run() throws IOException {
         File testClasses = new File(System.getProperty("test.classes"));
         for (File classFile : Objects.requireNonNull(testClasses.listFiles(f -> f.getName().endsWith(".class")))) {
             ClassModel cf = ClassFile.of().parse(classFile.toPath());
+            if ((cf.flags().flagsMask() & (ClassFile.ACC_SYNTHETIC | ClassFile.ACC_ABSTRACT)) == ClassFile.ACC_SYNTHETIC) {
+                if ((cf.flags().flagsMask() & ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY) == 0) {
+                    throw new IllegalStateException("Missing ACC_IDENTITY on synthetic concrete identity class: " + cf.thisClass().asInternalName());
+                }
+            }
             if (cf.thisClass().asInternalName().matches(".*\\$[0-9]+")) {
                 EnclosingMethodAttribute encl = cf.findAttribute(Attributes.enclosingMethod()).orElse(null);
                 if (encl != null) {
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/InnerClasses/T8068517.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/InnerClasses/T8068517.java
index edb760757f6..52f43856220 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/InnerClasses/T8068517.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/InnerClasses/T8068517.java
@@ -107,17 +107,18 @@ void run() throws Exception {
     void runTest(String aJava, String bJava) throws Exception {
         try (JavaFileManager fm = ToolProvider.getSystemJavaCompiler().getStandardFileManager(null, null, null)) {
             ToolBox tb = new ToolBox();
-            ToolBox.MemoryFileManager memoryFM1 = new ToolBox.MemoryFileManager(fm);
-            new JavacTask(tb).fileManager(memoryFM1)
-                              .sources(aJava, bJava)
-                              .run();
-            ToolBox.MemoryFileManager memoryFM2 = new ToolBox.MemoryFileManager(fm);
-            new JavacTask(tb).fileManager(memoryFM2)
-                              .sources(bJava, aJava)
-                              .run();
+            try (var memoryFM1 = new ToolBox.MemoryFileManager(fm, false);
+                 var memoryFM2 = new ToolBox.MemoryFileManager(fm, false)) {
+                new JavacTask(tb).fileManager(memoryFM1)
+                        .sources(aJava, bJava)
+                        .run();
+                new JavacTask(tb).fileManager(memoryFM2)
+                        .sources(bJava, aJava)
+                        .run();
 
-            Assert.check(Arrays.equals(memoryFM1.getFileBytes(StandardLocation.CLASS_OUTPUT, "B"),
-                                       memoryFM2.getFileBytes(StandardLocation.CLASS_OUTPUT, "B")));
+                Assert.check(Arrays.equals(memoryFM1.getFileBytes(StandardLocation.CLASS_OUTPUT, "B"),
+                        memoryFM2.getFileBytes(StandardLocation.CLASS_OUTPUT, "B")));
+            }
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/attributes/innerclasses/InnerClassesTestBase.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/attributes/innerclasses/InnerClassesTestBase.java
index 4b11dfdc944..d23ce5588c1 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/attributes/innerclasses/InnerClassesTestBase.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/attributes/innerclasses/InnerClassesTestBase.java
@@ -322,7 +322,8 @@ protected Set<String> getFlags(ClassType type, List<Modifier> mods) {
     }
 
     protected List<String> getCompileOptions() {
-        return Collections.emptyList();
+        // Use a release before value classes for now.
+        return List.of("--release", "25");
     }
 
     private List<List<Modifier>> getAllCombinations(Modifier[] accessModifiers, Modifier[] otherModifiers) {
@@ -439,7 +440,8 @@ public enum Modifier {
         PUBLIC("public"), PRIVATE("private"),
         PROTECTED("protected"), DEFAULT("default"),
         FINAL("final"), ABSTRACT("abstract"),
-        STATIC("static"), EMPTY("");
+        STATIC("static"), EMPTY(""),
+        IDENTITY("identity");
 
         private final String str;
 
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples.not-yet.txt b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples.not-yet.txt
index b29f20e5ebb..4e4227f757a 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples.not-yet.txt
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples.not-yet.txt
@@ -143,7 +143,6 @@ compiler.warn.invalid.path                              # this warning is genera
 compiler.err.invalid.path                               # this error is generated only in Windows systems
 compiler.note.multiple.elements                         # needs user code
 compiler.err.preview.feature.disabled.classfile         # preview feature support: needs compilation against classfile
-compiler.warn.preview.feature.use.classfile             # preview feature support: needs compilation against classfile
 compiler.note.preview.plural.additional                 # preview feature support: diag test causes intermittent failures (see JDK-8201498)
 compiler.warn.declared.using.preview                    # after making sealed classes a final feature there is no other
                                                         # preview feature but we should keep this key for future use just
@@ -210,6 +209,7 @@ compiler.err.source.target.conflict
 compiler.err.target.default.source.conflict
 compiler.err.preview.not.latest
 compiler.err.preview.without.source.or.release
+
 compiler.misc.illegal.signature                               # the compiler can now detect more non-denotable types before class writing
 
 # this one needs a forged class file to be reproduced
@@ -217,6 +217,8 @@ compiler.err.annotation.unrecognized.attribute.name
 
 # this one is transitional (waiting for FFM API to exit preview)
 compiler.warn.restricted.method
+# Value Objects
+compiler.misc.feature.value.classes
 
 # Pending removal
 compiler.note.implicit.annotation.processing
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/CantRefBeforeConstr.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/CantRefBeforeConstr.java
index cc83c86f80d..8f2c1f8d73c 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/CantRefBeforeConstr.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/CantRefBeforeConstr.java
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class Base {
 }
 
 class CantRefBeforeConstr extends Base {
-    int i;
+    int i = 0;
 
     CantRefBeforeConstr() {
         super(i);
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/ConcreteSuperclassOfValueClass.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/ConcreteSuperclassOfValueClass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6873eba8927
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/ConcreteSuperclassOfValueClass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+// key: compiler.err.value.type.has.identity.super.type
+// key: compiler.note.preview.filename
+// key: compiler.note.preview.recompile
+// options: --enable-preview -source ${jdk.version}
+
+public class ConcreteSuperclassOfValueClass {
+    static abstract value class V extends ConcreteSuperclassOfValueClass {}
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/FieldAssigmentAfterSuper.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/FieldAssigmentAfterSuper.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f376ff6dc05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/FieldAssigmentAfterSuper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+// key: compiler.err.strict.field.not.have.been.initialized.before.super
+// key: compiler.note.preview.filename
+// key: compiler.note.preview.recompile
+// options: --enable-preview -source ${jdk.version}
+
+value class V {
+    int i;
+    V(int i) {
+        super();
+        this.i = i;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/IneffectualInValueClass.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/IneffectualInValueClass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..51ca08615e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/IneffectualInValueClass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+// key: compiler.warn.ineffectual.serial.method.value.class
+// key: compiler.note.preview.filename
+// key: compiler.note.preview.recompile
+
+// options: --enable-preview -source ${jdk.version} -Xlint:serial
+
+import java.io.*;
+
+value class IneffectualInValueClass implements Serializable {
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 0;
+
+    private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream stream) throws IOException {}
+
+    protected Object writeReplace() throws ObjectStreamException {
+        return null;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/NonAbstractValueClassCantBeSealed.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/NonAbstractValueClassCantBeSealed.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1f32e425f3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/NonAbstractValueClassCantBeSealed.java
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+// key: compiler.err.non.abstract.value.class.cant.be.sealed.or.non.sealed
+// key: compiler.note.preview.filename
+// key: compiler.note.preview.recompile
+// options: --enable-preview -source ${jdk.version}
+
+sealed value class NonAbstractValueClassCantBeSealed {}
+
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/PrimitivePatternMatching.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/PrimitivePatternMatching.java
index a034119b6df..2b953084f3d 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/PrimitivePatternMatching.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/PrimitivePatternMatching.java
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
 
 // key: compiler.misc.feature.primitive.patterns
 // key: compiler.warn.preview.feature.use.plural
+// as of Valhalla, j.l.Record is a preview class:
+// key: compiler.warn.preview.feature.use.classfile
 // options: --enable-preview -source ${jdk.version} -Xlint:preview
 
 class PrimitivePatternMatching {
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/SerialNonPrivateMethod.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/SerialNonPrivateMethod.java
index 45f3273117b..c29a5f0d8a3 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/SerialNonPrivateMethod.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/SerialNonPrivateMethod.java
@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@
 
 import java.io.*;
 
-
 abstract class SerialNonPrivateMethod implements Serializable {
     private static final long serialVersionUID = 42;
 
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/SerializableIdentityClass.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/SerializableIdentityClass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bc007a3c459
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/SerializableIdentityClass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+// key: compiler.warn.serializable.value.class.without.write.replace.2
+// key: compiler.note.preview.filename
+// key: compiler.note.preview.recompile
+// options: -Xlint:serial --enable-preview -source ${jdk.version}
+
+import java.io.Serializable;
+
+abstract value class ValueSuper implements Serializable {
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1;
+}
+
+class SerializableIdentityClass extends ValueSuper {
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1;
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/SerializableValueClass.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/SerializableValueClass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7c441230306
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/SerializableValueClass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+// key: compiler.warn.serializable.value.class.without.write.replace.1
+// key: compiler.note.preview.filename
+// key: compiler.note.preview.recompile
+// options: -Xlint:serial --enable-preview -source ${jdk.version}
+
+import java.io.Serializable;
+
+value class SerializableValueClass implements Serializable {
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1;
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/StrictFieldNotInitialized.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/StrictFieldNotInitialized.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5633b85045c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/StrictFieldNotInitialized.java
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+// key: compiler.err.strict.field.not.have.been.initialized.before.super
+// key: compiler.note.preview.filename
+// key: compiler.note.preview.recompile
+// options: --enable-preview -source ${jdk.version}
+
+value class Point {
+    int x;
+    int y;
+    Point (int x, int y) {
+        this.x = x;
+        // y hasn't been initialized
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/ThisExposedPrematurely.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/ThisExposedPrematurely.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7bd44a42efe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/ThisExposedPrematurely.java
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+// key: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called
+// key: compiler.note.preview.filename
+// key: compiler.note.preview.recompile
+// options: --enable-preview -source ${jdk.version}
+
+value class ThisExposedPrematurely {
+    int x;
+    ThisExposedPrematurely() {
+        foo(this); // Error.
+        x = 10;
+    }
+    void foo(ThisExposedPrematurely v) {}
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/TypeReqIdentity.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/TypeReqIdentity.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6db97d7595c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/TypeReqIdentity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+// key: compiler.misc.type.req.identity
+// key: compiler.err.type.found.req
+// key: compiler.note.preview.filename
+// key: compiler.note.preview.recompile
+// options: --enable-preview -source ${jdk.version}
+
+value class TypeReqIdentity {
+    { synchronized (this) {} }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/ValueClassWithFinalizeMethod.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/ValueClassWithFinalizeMethod.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9e651b7f0b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/ValueClassWithFinalizeMethod.java
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+// key: compiler.warn.value.finalize
+// key: compiler.note.preview.filename
+// key: compiler.note.preview.recompile
+// key: compiler.warn.has.been.deprecated.for.removal
+// options: --enable-preview  -source ${jdk.version}
+
+value class ValueWithFinalizeMethod {
+    protected void finalize() throws Throwable { }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/ValueWithIdentitySuper.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/ValueWithIdentitySuper.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1f6bb0338ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/diags/examples/ValueWithIdentitySuper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+// key: compiler.err.value.type.has.identity.super.type
+// key: compiler.note.preview.filename
+// key: compiler.note.preview.recompile
+// options: --enable-preview -source ${jdk.version}
+
+abstract class AC {}
+value class V extends AC {}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/flags/FlagsTest.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/flags/FlagsTest.java
index a7a9051af33..9c3bdbf72c7 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/flags/FlagsTest.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/flags/FlagsTest.java
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 
 /**
  * @test
- * @bug 8211138 8362885
+ * @bug 8211138 8215246 8362885
  * @summary Missing Flag enum constants
  * @library /tools/javac/lib
  * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.code
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/lib/JavacTestingAbstractProcessor.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/lib/JavacTestingAbstractProcessor.java
index d639338d39d..f8754ab0506 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/lib/JavacTestingAbstractProcessor.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/lib/JavacTestingAbstractProcessor.java
@@ -98,10 +98,11 @@ protected void addExports(String moduleName, String... packageNames) {
         for (String packageName : packageNames) {
             try {
                 ModuleLayer layer = ModuleLayer.boot();
-                Optional<Module> m = layer.findModule(moduleName);
-                if (!m.isPresent())
+                // removing dependency on java.util.Optional, valhalla only, to avoid VM warnings
+                Module m = layer.findModule(moduleName).get();
+                if (m == null)
                     throw new Error("module not found: " + moduleName);
-                m.get().addExports(packageName, getClass().getModule());
+                m.addExports(packageName, getClass().getModule());
             } catch (Exception e) {
                 throw new Error("failed to add exports for " + moduleName + "/" + packageName);
             }
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/platform/createsymbols/CreateSymbolsTestImpl.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/platform/createsymbols/CreateSymbolsTestImpl.java
index 2680ca6488f..6c6cf4f0f35 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/platform/createsymbols/CreateSymbolsTestImpl.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/platform/createsymbols/CreateSymbolsTestImpl.java
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
  *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.main
  *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
  * @clean *
- * @run main/othervm CreateSymbolsTest
+ * @run junit/othervm CreateSymbolsTest
  */
 
 import java.io.File;
@@ -67,6 +67,8 @@
 import java.util.jar.JarFile;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 import toolbox.JavacTask;
 import toolbox.Task;
 import toolbox.Task.Expect;
@@ -86,23 +88,6 @@ public class CreateSymbolsTestImpl {
 
     static final String CREATE_SYMBOLS_NAME = "symbolgenerator.CreateSymbols";
 
-    public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
-        new CreateSymbolsTestImpl().doTest();
-    }
-
-    void doTest() throws Exception {
-        boolean testRun = false;
-        for (Method m : CreateSymbolsTestImpl.class.getDeclaredMethods()) {
-            if (m.isAnnotationPresent(Test.class)) {
-                m.invoke(this);
-                testRun = true;
-            }
-        }
-        if (!testRun) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException("No tests found.");
-        }
-    }
-
     @Test
     void testMethodRemoved() throws Exception {
         doTest("package t; public class T { public void m() { } }",
@@ -859,28 +844,28 @@ class name api/Ann
 
                    class name api/Api
                    header extends nonapi/Impl$Nested$Exp flags 21
-                   innerclass innerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested outerClass nonapi/Impl innerClassName Nested flags 9
-                   innerclass innerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested$Exp outerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested innerClassName Exp flags 9
+                   innerclass innerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested outerClass nonapi/Impl innerClassName Nested flags 29
+                   innerclass innerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested$Exp outerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested innerClassName Exp flags 29
                    method name <init> descriptor ()V flags 1
 
                    class name nonapi/Impl
                    header extends java/lang/Object nestMembers nonapi/Impl$Nested,nonapi/Impl$Nested$Exp flags 21
-                   innerclass innerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested outerClass nonapi/Impl innerClassName Nested flags 9
-                   innerclass innerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested$Exp outerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested innerClassName Exp flags 9
+                   innerclass innerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested outerClass nonapi/Impl innerClassName Nested flags 29
+                   innerclass innerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested$Exp outerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested innerClassName Exp flags 29
                    field name C descriptor Ljava/lang/String; constantValue  flags 19
                    method name <init> descriptor ()V flags 1
                    method name test descriptor ()V flags 1
 
                    class name nonapi/Impl$Nested
                    header extends java/lang/Object nestHost nonapi/Impl flags 21 classAnnotations @Lapi/Ann;
-                   innerclass innerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested outerClass nonapi/Impl innerClassName Nested flags 9
-                   innerclass innerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested$Exp outerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested innerClassName Exp flags 9
+                   innerclass innerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested outerClass nonapi/Impl innerClassName Nested flags 29
+                   innerclass innerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested$Exp outerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested innerClassName Exp flags 29
                    method name <init> descriptor ()V flags 1
 
                    class name nonapi/Impl$Nested$Exp
                    header extends nonapi/Impl$Nested implements java/lang/Runnable nestHost nonapi/Impl flags 21
-                   innerclass innerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested outerClass nonapi/Impl innerClassName Nested flags 9
-                   innerclass innerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested$Exp outerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested innerClassName Exp flags 9
+                   innerclass innerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested outerClass nonapi/Impl innerClassName Nested flags 29
+                   innerclass innerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested$Exp outerClass nonapi/Impl$Nested innerClassName Exp flags 29
                    method name <init> descriptor ()V flags 1
                    method name run descriptor ()V flags 1
                    method name get descriptor ()Lnonapi/Impl$OtherNested; flags 1
@@ -1352,8 +1337,4 @@ public FileVisitResult preVisitDirectory(Path dir, BasicFileAttributes attrs) th
             }
         });
     }
-
-    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
-    @interface Test {
-    }
 }
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/preview/PreviewAutoSuppress.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/preview/PreviewAutoSuppress.java
index f2096aff648..6550a08e348 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/preview/PreviewAutoSuppress.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/preview/PreviewAutoSuppress.java
@@ -94,10 +94,12 @@ public class Use {
                 .writeAll()
                 .getOutputLines(Task.OutputKind.DIRECT);
 
+        // As of Valhalla, j.l.Record is a preview class
         List<String> expected =
-                List.of("Outer.java:3:5: compiler.warn.preview.feature.use.plural: (compiler.misc.feature.records)",
+                List.of("- compiler.warn.preview.feature.use.classfile: Record.class, " + FEATURE_VERSION,
                         "Outer.java:3:5: compiler.warn.preview.feature.use.plural: (compiler.misc.feature.records)",
-                        "2 warnings");
+                        "Outer.java:3:5: compiler.warn.preview.feature.use.plural: (compiler.misc.feature.records)",
+                        "3 warnings");
         if (!log.equals(expected))
             throw new Exception("expected output not found" + log);
         checkPreviewClassfile(classes.resolve("test").resolve("Outer.class"), true); //TODO: correct?
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/preview/PreviewJRTImage.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/preview/PreviewJRTImage.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4e97a7688a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/preview/PreviewJRTImage.java
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Verify javac handles preview files in JRT FS reasonably.
+ * @library /tools/lib
+ * @modules
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.api
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.main
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.platform
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util:+open
+ * @run junit/othervm PreviewJRTImage
+ * @run junit/othervm --enable-preview PreviewJRTImage
+ */
+
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import toolbox.JavacTask;
+import toolbox.Task;
+import toolbox.Task.Expect;
+import toolbox.Task.Mode;
+import toolbox.ToolBox;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.*;
+
+public class PreviewJRTImage {
+
+    private final ToolBox tb = new ToolBox();
+    private final String specificationVersion = System.getProperty("java.specification.version");
+
+    @Test
+    public void testVersionInDependency() throws Exception {
+        Path root = Paths.get(".");
+        Path src = root.resolve("src");
+
+        tb.writeJavaFiles(src,
+                """
+                import sun.misc.Unsafe;
+                public class Test {
+                    void test() {
+                        Boolean b = true;
+                        synchronized (b) {
+                        }
+                        Unsafe u;
+                    }
+                }
+                """);
+
+        Path classes = root.resolve("classes");
+        Files.createDirectories(classes);
+
+        List<String> log;
+        List<String> expected;
+
+        for (String option : new String[]{"--source", "--release"}) {
+            for (Mode mode : new Mode[]{Mode.API, Mode.CMDLINE}) {
+                // Without preview:
+                log = new JavacTask(tb, mode)
+                        .outdir(classes)
+                        .options(option, specificationVersion, "-XDrawDiagnostics")
+                        .files(tb.findJavaFiles(src))
+                        .run()
+                        .writeAll()
+                        .getOutputLines(Task.OutputKind.DIRECT);
+
+                expected = List.of(
+                        "Test.java:1:16: compiler.warn.sun.proprietary: sun.misc.Unsafe",
+                        "Test.java:7:9: compiler.warn.sun.proprietary: sun.misc.Unsafe",
+                        "Test.java:5:9: compiler.warn.attempt.to.synchronize.on.instance.of.value.based.class",
+                        "3 warnings"
+                );
+
+                assertEquals(expected, log);
+
+                // With preview:
+                log = new JavacTask(tb, mode)
+                        .outdir(classes)
+                        .options(option, specificationVersion, "--enable-preview", "-XDrawDiagnostics")
+                        .files(tb.findJavaFiles(src))
+                        .run(Expect.FAIL)
+                        .writeAll()
+                        .getOutputLines(Task.OutputKind.DIRECT);
+
+                expected = List.of(
+                        "Test.java:1:16: compiler.warn.sun.proprietary: sun.misc.Unsafe",
+                        "Test.java:5:9: compiler.err.type.found.req: java.lang.Boolean, (compiler.misc.type.req.identity)",
+                        "Test.java:7:9: compiler.warn.sun.proprietary: sun.misc.Unsafe",
+                        "1 error",
+                        "2 warnings"
+                );
+
+                assertEquals(expected, log);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/processing/filer/TestOriginatingElements.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/processing/filer/TestOriginatingElements.java
index a936c0bb554..9dc5bd234d9 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/processing/filer/TestOriginatingElements.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/processing/filer/TestOriginatingElements.java
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Base64;
 import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
 import javax.annotation.processing.Filer;
 import javax.annotation.processing.SupportedOptions;
 import javax.lang.model.element.Element;
@@ -67,7 +68,6 @@
 import javax.tools.StandardLocation;
 import toolbox.JavacTask;
 import toolbox.TestRunner;
-import toolbox.TestRunner.Test;
 import toolbox.ToolBox;
 import toolbox.ToolBox.MemoryFileManager;
 
@@ -134,86 +134,93 @@ public class T3 {
         tb.writeFile(src.resolve("p/package-info.java"), "package p;");
         Path classes = outerBase.resolve("classes");
         Files.createDirectories(classes);
-        try (StandardJavaFileManager sjfm = compiler.getStandardFileManager(null, null, null)) {
-            List<String> testOutput = new ArrayList<>();
-            JavaFileManager fm = new ForwardingJavaFileManager<JavaFileManager>(sjfm) {
-                @Override
-                public JavaFileObject getJavaFileForOutputForOriginatingFiles(Location location,
-                                                                              String className,
-                                                                              JavaFileObject.Kind kind,
-                                                                              FileObject... originatingFiles) throws IOException {
-                    List.of(originatingFiles)
-                        .stream()
-                        .map(fo -> getInfo(fo))
+        List<String> testOutput = new ArrayList<>();
+        try (StandardJavaFileManager sjfm = compiler.getStandardFileManager(null, null, null);
+             JavaFileManager fm = capturingFileManager(sjfm, testOutput)) {
+            String generatedData;
+            try (MemoryFileManager mfm = new MemoryFileManager(sjfm, /* shouldClose */ false)) {
+                compiler.getTask(null, mfm, null, null, null,
+                                List.of(new ToolBox.JavaSource("package test; public class Generated2 {}")))
+                        .call();
+                generatedData =
+                        Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(mfm.getFileBytes(StandardLocation.CLASS_OUTPUT, "test.Generated2"));
+            }
+            List<String> options = List.of("-sourcepath", src.toString(),
+                    "-processor", "TestOriginatingElements$P",
+                    "-processorpath", System.getProperty("test.class.path"),
+                    "--module-path", libClasses.toString(),
+                    "--add-modules", "lib",
+                    "-d", classes.toString(),
+                    "-AgeneratedData=" + generatedData);
+            ToolProvider.getSystemJavaCompiler()
+                    .getTask(null, fm, null, options, null, sjfm.getJavaFileObjects(tb.findJavaFiles(src)))
+                    .call();
+        } catch (IOException ex) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
+        }
+        List<String> expectedOriginatingFiles = List.of("t.T1(SOURCE)",
+                "java.lang.String(CLASS)",
+                "p.package-info(SOURCE)",
+                "lib1.package-info(CLASS)",
+                "module-info(SOURCE)",
+                "module-info(CLASS)",
+                "t.T2(SOURCE)",
+                "java.lang.CharSequence(CLASS)",
+                "p.package-info(SOURCE)",
+                "lib1.package-info(CLASS)",
+                "module-info(SOURCE)",
+                "module-info(CLASS)",
+                "t.T3(SOURCE)",
+                "java.lang.Exception(CLASS)",
+                "p.package-info(SOURCE)",
+                "lib1.package-info(CLASS)",
+                "module-info(SOURCE)",
+                "module-info(CLASS)");
+        assertEquals(expectedOriginatingFiles, testOutput);
+    }
+
+    static JavaFileManager capturingFileManager(JavaFileManager sjfm, List<String> testOutput) {
+        return new ForwardingJavaFileManager<JavaFileManager>(sjfm) {
+            @Override
+            public JavaFileObject getJavaFileForOutputForOriginatingFiles(Location location,
+                                                                          String className,
+                                                                          JavaFileObject.Kind kind,
+                                                                          FileObject... originatingFiles) throws IOException {
+                Stream.of(originatingFiles)
+                        .map(this::getInfo)
                         .forEach(testOutput::add);
-                    return super.getJavaFileForOutputForOriginatingFiles(location, className, kind, originatingFiles);
-                }
-                @Override
-                public FileObject getFileForOutputForOriginatingFiles(Location location,
-                                                                      String packageName,
-                                                                      String relativeName,
-                                                                      FileObject... originatingFiles) throws IOException {
-                    List.of(originatingFiles)
-                        .stream()
-                        .map(fo -> getInfo(fo))
+                return super.getJavaFileForOutputForOriginatingFiles(location, className, kind, originatingFiles);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public FileObject getFileForOutputForOriginatingFiles(Location location,
+                                                                  String packageName,
+                                                                  String relativeName,
+                                                                  FileObject... originatingFiles) throws IOException {
+                Stream.of(originatingFiles)
+                        .map(this::getInfo)
                         .forEach(testOutput::add);
-                    return super.getFileForOutputForOriginatingFiles(location, packageName, relativeName, originatingFiles);
-                }
-                private String getInfo(FileObject fo) {
-                    try {
-                        JavaFileObject jfo = (JavaFileObject) fo; //the test only expects JavaFileObjects here:
-                        JavaFileManager.Location location = jfo.getKind() == JavaFileObject.Kind.SOURCE
-                                ? StandardLocation.SOURCE_PATH
-                                : sjfm.getLocationForModule(StandardLocation.SYSTEM_MODULES, "java.base");
-                        String binaryName = inferBinaryName(location, jfo);
-                        return binaryName + "(" + jfo.getKind() + ")";
-                    } catch (IOException ex) {
-                        throw new AssertionError(ex);
-                    }
-                }
-            };
-            try {
-                String generatedData;
-                try (MemoryFileManager mfm = new MemoryFileManager(sjfm)) {
-                    compiler.getTask(null, mfm, null, null, null,
-                                     List.of(new ToolBox.JavaSource("package test; public class Generated2 {}")))
-                            .call();
-                    generatedData =
-                            Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(mfm.getFileBytes(StandardLocation.CLASS_OUTPUT, "test.Generated2"));
+                return super.getFileForOutputForOriginatingFiles(location, packageName, relativeName, originatingFiles);
+            }
+
+            private String getInfo(FileObject fo) {
+                try {
+                    JavaFileObject jfo = (JavaFileObject) fo; //the test only expects JavaFileObjects here:
+                    JavaFileManager.Location location = jfo.getKind() == JavaFileObject.Kind.SOURCE
+                            ? StandardLocation.SOURCE_PATH
+                            : sjfm.getLocationForModule(StandardLocation.SYSTEM_MODULES, "java.base");
+                    String binaryName = inferBinaryName(location, jfo);
+                    return binaryName + "(" + jfo.getKind() + ")";
+                } catch (IOException ex) {
+                    throw new AssertionError(ex);
                 }
-                List<String> options = List.of("-sourcepath", src.toString(),
-                                               "-processor", "TestOriginatingElements$P",
-                                               "-processorpath", System.getProperty("test.class.path"),
-                                               "--module-path", libClasses.toString(),
-                                               "--add-modules", "lib",
-                                               "-d", classes.toString(),
-                                               "-AgeneratedData=" + generatedData);
-                ToolProvider.getSystemJavaCompiler()
-                            .getTask(null, fm, null, options, null, sjfm.getJavaFileObjects(tb.findJavaFiles(src)))
-                            .call();
-                List<String> expectedOriginatingFiles = List.of("t.T1(SOURCE)",
-                                                                "java.lang.String(CLASS)",
-                                                                "p.package-info(SOURCE)",
-                                                                "lib1.package-info(CLASS)",
-                                                                "module-info(SOURCE)",
-                                                                "module-info(CLASS)",
-                                                                "t.T2(SOURCE)",
-                                                                "java.lang.CharSequence(CLASS)",
-                                                                "p.package-info(SOURCE)",
-                                                                "lib1.package-info(CLASS)",
-                                                                "module-info(SOURCE)",
-                                                                "module-info(CLASS)",
-                                                                "t.T3(SOURCE)",
-                                                                "java.lang.Exception(CLASS)",
-                                                                "p.package-info(SOURCE)",
-                                                                "lib1.package-info(CLASS)",
-                                                                "module-info(SOURCE)",
-                                                                "module-info(CLASS)");
-                assertEquals(expectedOriginatingFiles, testOutput);
-            } catch (IOException ex) {
-                throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
             }
-        }
+
+            @Override
+            public void close() {
+                // Don't close the delegate.
+            }
+        };
     }
 
     @SupportedAnnotationTypes("*")
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/processing/model/TestSourceVersion.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/processing/model/TestSourceVersion.java
index d53368d3b6d..ce4cfc93db5 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/processing/model/TestSourceVersion.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/processing/model/TestSourceVersion.java
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ private static void testRestrictedKeywords() {
             Set.of("open", "module", "requires", "transitive", "exports",
                    "opens", "to", "uses", "provides", "with",
                    // Assume "record" and "sealed" will be restricted keywords.
-                   "record", "sealed");
+                   "record", "sealed", "value");
 
         for (String key : restrictedKeywords) {
             for (SourceVersion version : SourceVersion.values()) {
@@ -137,6 +137,18 @@ private static void testYield() {
         }
     }
 
+    private static void testValue() {
+        for (SourceVersion version : SourceVersion.values()) {
+            Predicate<String> isKeywordVersion = (String s) -> isKeyword(s, version);
+            Predicate<String> isNameVersion = (String s) -> isName(s, version);
+
+            for  (String name : List.of("value", "foo.value", "value.foo")) {
+                check(false, name, isKeywordVersion, "keyword", version);
+                check(true, name,  isNameVersion, "name", version);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     private static void check(boolean expected,
                               String input,
                               Predicate<String> predicate,
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/processing/model/completionfailure/NoAbortForBadClassFile.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/processing/model/completionfailure/NoAbortForBadClassFile.java
index 65029c711b0..eef68ec2a04 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/processing/model/completionfailure/NoAbortForBadClassFile.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/processing/model/completionfailure/NoAbortForBadClassFile.java
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ private List<String> complete(Path test, List<Path> order, Path missing, boolean
 
             long flags = sym.flags_field;
 
-            flags &= ~(Flags.CLASS_SEEN | Flags.SOURCE_SEEN);
+            flags &= ~(Flags.CLASS_SEEN | Flags.SOURCE_SEEN | Flags.IDENTITY_TYPE); // earlier ACC_SUPER was dropped by javac.
 
             result.add("sym: " + sym.flatname + ", " + sym.owner.flatName() +
                        ", " + sym.type + ", " + sym.members_field + ", " + flags);
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/processing/model/element/TestValueClasses.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/processing/model/element/TestValueClasses.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..359fb4a789a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/processing/model/element/TestValueClasses.java
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8308590
+ * @summary Test basic modeling for value classes
+ * @library /tools/lib /tools/javac/lib
+ * @modules
+ *     jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.api
+ *     jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.main
+ * @build toolbox.ToolBox toolbox.JavacTask JavacTestingAbstractProcessor
+ * @run main TestValueClasses
+ */
+
+import java.io.*;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.*;
+
+import javax.annotation.processing.*;
+import javax.lang.model.*;
+import javax.lang.model.element.*;
+import javax.lang.model.type.*;
+import javax.lang.model.util.*;
+import java.time.*;
+
+import toolbox.JavacTask;
+import toolbox.Task;
+import toolbox.Task.Mode;
+import toolbox.Task.OutputKind;
+import toolbox.TestRunner;
+import toolbox.ToolBox;
+
+public class TestValueClasses extends TestRunner {
+
+    protected ToolBox tb;
+
+    TestValueClasses() {
+        super(System.err);
+        tb = new ToolBox();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
+        new TestValueClasses().runTests();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Run all methods annotated with @Test, and throw an exception if any
+     * errors are reported..
+     *
+     * @throws Exception if any errors occurred
+     */
+    protected void runTests() throws Exception {
+        runTests(m -> new Object[] { Paths.get(m.getName()) });
+    }
+
+    Path[] findJavaFiles(Path... paths) throws IOException {
+        return tb.findJavaFiles(paths);
+    }
+
+    void checkOutputContains(String log, String... expect) throws Exception {
+        for (String e : expect) {
+            if (!log.contains(e)) {
+                throw new Exception("expected output not found: " + e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testValueClassesProcessor(Path base) throws Exception {
+        Path src = base.resolve("src");
+        Path r = src.resolve("Test");
+
+        Path classes = base.resolve("classes");
+
+        Files.createDirectories(classes);
+
+        tb.writeJavaFiles(r,
+                """
+                interface Interface {}
+
+                value class ValueClass {}
+
+                class IdentityClass {}
+
+                value record ValueRecord() {}
+                """
+        );
+
+        List<String> expected = List.of(
+                "- compiler.note.proc.messager: visiting: Interface Modifiers: [abstract]",
+                "- compiler.note.proc.messager: visiting: ValueClass Modifiers: [final, value]",
+                "- compiler.note.proc.messager:     constructor modifiers: []",
+                "- compiler.note.proc.messager: visiting: IdentityClass Modifiers: []",
+                "- compiler.note.proc.messager:     constructor modifiers: []",
+                "- compiler.note.proc.messager: visiting: ValueRecord Modifiers: [final, value]",
+                "- compiler.note.proc.messager:     constructor modifiers: []",
+                "- compiler.note.preview.filename: Interface.java, DEFAULT",
+                "- compiler.note.preview.recompile"
+        );
+
+        for (Mode mode : new Mode[] {Mode.API}) {
+            List<String> log = new JavacTask(tb, mode)
+                    .options("--enable-preview", "-source", String.valueOf(Runtime.version().feature()), "-processor", ValueClassesProcessor.class.getName(),
+                            "-XDrawDiagnostics")
+                    .files(findJavaFiles(src))
+                    .outdir(classes)
+                    .run()
+                    .writeAll()
+                    .getOutputLines(Task.OutputKind.DIRECT);
+
+            System.out.println("log:" +log);
+
+            if (!expected.equals(log)) {
+                if (expected.size() == log.size()) {
+                    for (int i = 0; i < expected.size(); i++) {
+                        if (!expected.get(i).equals(log.get(i))) {
+                            System.err.println("failing at line " + (i + 1));
+                            System.err.println("    expecting " + expected.get(i));
+                            System.err.println("    found " + log.get(i));
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    System.err.println("expected and log lists differ in length");
+                }
+                throw new AssertionError("Unexpected output: " + log);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static final class ValueClassesProcessor extends JavacTestingAbstractProcessor {
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean process(Set<? extends TypeElement> annotations, RoundEnvironment roundEnv) {
+            if (!roundEnv.processingOver()) {
+                Messager messager = processingEnv.getMessager();
+                ElementScanner scanner = new ValueClassesScanner(messager);
+                for(Element rootElement : roundEnv.getRootElements()) {
+                    scanner.visit(rootElement);
+                }
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        class ValueClassesScanner extends ElementScanner<Void, Void> {
+
+            Messager messager;
+
+            public ValueClassesScanner(Messager messager) {
+                this.messager = messager;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public Void visitType(TypeElement element, Void p) {
+                messager.printNote("visiting: " + element.getSimpleName() + " Modifiers: " + element.getModifiers());
+                List<? extends Element> enclosedElements = element.getEnclosedElements();
+                for (Element elem : enclosedElements) {
+                    System.out.println("visiting " + elem.getSimpleName());
+                    switch (elem.getSimpleName().toString()) {
+                        case "<init>":
+                            messager.printNote("    constructor modifiers: " + elem.getModifiers());
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            break;
+                    }
+                }
+                return super.visitType(element, p);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/classfile/InnerClassesIdentityFlagTest.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/classfile/InnerClassesIdentityFlagTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c2d51a75f18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/classfile/InnerClassesIdentityFlagTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8364095
+ * @summary InnerClasses generation against an old class with and without preview;
+ *          no SUPER pollution and no missing IDENTITY
+ * @library /tools/lib /test/lib
+ * @run junit InnerClassesIdentityFlagTest
+ */
+
+import java.lang.classfile.Attributes;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.compiler.CompilerUtils;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import toolbox.ToolBox;
+
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.ACC_IDENTITY;
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.ACC_SUPER;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+
+final class InnerClassesIdentityFlagTest {
+    /// Last release feature number with no value classes (preview exempt)
+    private static final String LAST_NON_VALUE_FEATURE = "25";
+
+    @Test
+    void test() throws Exception {
+        ToolBox toolBox = new ToolBox();
+        var libSourceDir = Path.of("libsrc");
+        var libDestinationDir = Path.of("libdest");
+        toolBox.writeJavaFiles(libSourceDir, """
+                public class One {
+                    public class Inner {}
+                }
+                """);
+        CompilerUtils.compile(libSourceDir, libDestinationDir, "--release", LAST_NON_VALUE_FEATURE);
+
+        var userSourceDir = Path.of("usersrc");
+        var userRegularDestinationDir = Path.of("userdest");
+        var userPreviewDestinationDir = Path.of("userdestPreview");
+        toolBox.writeJavaFiles(userSourceDir, """
+                class Observer {
+                    Observer() {
+                        new One().new Inner();
+                        super(); // triggers -XDforcePreview
+                    }
+                }
+                """);
+        CompilerUtils.compile(userSourceDir, userRegularDestinationDir, "--release", LAST_NON_VALUE_FEATURE,
+                "-cp", libDestinationDir.toString());
+        CompilerUtils.compile(userSourceDir, userPreviewDestinationDir, "--release",
+                Integer.toString(Runtime.version().feature()), "--enable-preview", "-XDforcePreview",
+                "-cp", libDestinationDir.toString());
+
+        var regularClass = ClassFile.of().parse(userRegularDestinationDir.resolve("Observer.class"));
+        var previewClass = ClassFile.of().parse(userPreviewDestinationDir.resolve("Observer.class"));
+        assertEquals(0, regularClass.minorVersion());
+        assertEquals(ClassFile.PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION, previewClass.minorVersion());
+        var regularRelation = regularClass.findAttribute(Attributes.innerClasses()).orElseThrow().classes().getFirst();
+        var previewRelation = previewClass.findAttribute(Attributes.innerClasses()).orElseThrow().classes().getFirst();
+        assertEquals("One$Inner", regularRelation.innerClass().asInternalName());
+        assertEquals("One$Inner", previewRelation.innerClass().asInternalName());
+        int regularFlags = regularRelation.flagsMask();
+        int previewFlags = previewRelation.flagsMask();
+        assertEquals(0, regularFlags & ACC_SUPER, () -> "ACC_SUPER pollution: " + Integer.toHexString(regularFlags));
+        assertEquals(ACC_IDENTITY, previewFlags & ACC_IDENTITY, () -> "Missing ACC_IDENTITY: " + Integer.toHexString(previewFlags));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/CanonicalCtorTest.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/CanonicalCtorTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..09000a2e537
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/CanonicalCtorTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8208067
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @summary Verify that instance methods are callable from ctor after all instance fields are DA.
+ */
+
+public value class CanonicalCtorTest {
+
+    private final int x, ymx;
+
+    CanonicalCtorTest(int x, int y) {
+
+        ymx = y - x;
+        this.x = x;
+
+        // all fields are assigned now, but we need a explicit `super()` invocation before accessing `this`
+        super();
+
+        validate();                 // OK: DU = {}
+        this.validate();            // OK: DU = {}
+        CanonicalCtorTest.this.validate();          // OK: DU = {}
+
+        assert (this.x > 0);        // OK: DU = {}
+        assert (this.y() > 0);      // OK: DU = {}
+    }
+
+    int x() {
+        return x;
+    }
+
+    int y() {
+        return ymx + x;
+    }
+
+    void validate() {
+        assert (x() > 0 && y() > 0);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String... av) {
+        CanonicalCtorTest z = new CanonicalCtorTest(1, 10);
+        assert (z.x() == 1);
+        assert (z.y() == 10);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/CheckSynchronized.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/CheckSynchronized.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3fdedc93b8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/CheckSynchronized.java
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * @test /nodynamiccopyright/
+ * @summary Check behavior of synzhronized key word on value classes instances and methods.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile/fail/ref=CheckSynchronized.out -XDrawDiagnostics CheckSynchronized.java
+ */
+
+value final class CheckSynchronized implements java.io.Serializable {
+    synchronized void foo() { // <<-- ERROR, no monitor associated with `this'
+    }
+    void goo() {
+        synchronized(this) {} // <<-- ERROR, no monitor associated with `this'
+    }
+    synchronized static void zoo(CheckSynchronized cs) { // OK, static method.
+        synchronized(cs) {    // <<-- ERROR, no monitor associated with value class instance.
+        }
+
+        CheckSynchronized csr = cs;
+        synchronized(csr) {
+            // Error, no identity.
+        }
+
+        synchronized(x) {
+            // Error, no identity.
+        }
+
+        Object o = cs;
+        synchronized(o) {
+            // Error BUT not discernible at compile time
+        }
+        java.io.Serializable jis = cs;
+        synchronized(jis) {
+            // Error BUT not discernible at compile time
+        }
+    }
+    static int x = 10;
+
+    value record CheckSynchronizedRecord(int x, int y) {
+        synchronized void foo() { // <<-- ERROR, no monitor associated with `this'
+        }
+        synchronized static void zoo() { // OK, static method.
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/CheckSynchronized.out b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/CheckSynchronized.out
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..52742aeb262
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/CheckSynchronized.out
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+CheckSynchronized.java:9:23: compiler.err.mod.not.allowed.here: synchronized
+CheckSynchronized.java:39:27: compiler.err.mod.not.allowed.here: synchronized
+CheckSynchronized.java:12:9: compiler.err.type.found.req: CheckSynchronized, (compiler.misc.type.req.identity)
+CheckSynchronized.java:15:9: compiler.err.type.found.req: CheckSynchronized, (compiler.misc.type.req.identity)
+CheckSynchronized.java:19:9: compiler.err.type.found.req: CheckSynchronized, (compiler.misc.type.req.identity)
+CheckSynchronized.java:23:9: compiler.err.type.found.req: int, (compiler.misc.type.req.identity)
+- compiler.note.preview.filename: CheckSynchronized.java, DEFAULT
+- compiler.note.preview.recompile
+6 errors
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/DualNonDuplicateErrors.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/DualNonDuplicateErrors.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1ac7964b2ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/DualNonDuplicateErrors.java
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/*
+ * @test /nodynamiccopyright/
+ * @bug 8267843
+ * @summary Check that javac diagnoses `this` being passed around and instance method being invoked before value class instance is fully initialized.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile/fail/ref=DualNonDuplicateErrors.out -XDrawDiagnostics DualNonDuplicateErrors.java
+ */
+
+public value class DualNonDuplicateErrors {
+
+    int x;
+
+    DualNonDuplicateErrors() {
+        // The call below should trigger two errors - they are not duplicates really.
+        // First one is for `this` being passed around ("exposed")
+        // Second is for instance method being invoked thereby allowing that method to
+        // observe the value class instance in a partially initialized state.
+        foo(this);
+        x = 10;
+        super();
+        foo(this); // No error here.
+    }
+
+    void foo(DualNonDuplicateErrors x) {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/DualNonDuplicateErrors.out b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/DualNonDuplicateErrors.out
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3ba6f7d19ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/DualNonDuplicateErrors.out
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+DualNonDuplicateErrors.java:18:13: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: this
+DualNonDuplicateErrors.java:18:9: compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called: foo(DualNonDuplicateErrors)
+- compiler.note.preview.filename: DualNonDuplicateErrors.java, DEFAULT
+- compiler.note.preview.recompile
+2 errors
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/DuplicateValueClassWarnings.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/DuplicateValueClassWarnings.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1c40b799ae3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/DuplicateValueClassWarnings.java
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+/*
+ * @test /nodynamiccopyright/
+ * @bug 8386995
+ * @summary Value class preview feature warning should be emitted only once
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile/ref=DuplicateValueClassWarnings.out -Xlint:preview -XDrawDiagnostics ${test.file}
+ */
+
+public value class DuplicateValueClassWarnings {
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/DuplicateValueClassWarnings.out b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/DuplicateValueClassWarnings.out
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..51dbb21bcfc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/DuplicateValueClassWarnings.out
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+DuplicateValueClassWarnings.java:9:8: compiler.warn.preview.feature.use.plural: (compiler.misc.feature.value.classes)
+1 warning
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/GenericPoint.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/GenericPoint.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..67cdf1f5c2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/GenericPoint.java
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+public value class GenericPoint<T> {
+
+    T x, y;
+
+    GenericPoint(T x, T y) {
+        this.x = x;
+        this.y = y;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/Class/getModifiers/StripACC_SUPER.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/IdentityExceptionTest.java
similarity index 64%
rename from test/jdk/java/lang/Class/getModifiers/StripACC_SUPER.java
rename to test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/IdentityExceptionTest.java
index 0b329b308ea..df441f766e0 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/Class/getModifiers/StripACC_SUPER.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/IdentityExceptionTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -21,18 +21,26 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
-/* @test
-   @bug 4109635
-   @summary VM adds ACC_SUPER bit to access flags of a class. This must
-            be stripped by the Class.getModifiers method, or else this
-            shows up as though the class is synchronized and that doesn't
-            make any sense.
-   @author Anand Palaniswamy
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8329400
+ * @summary test to check that IdentityException is thrown for value objects
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main IdentityExceptionTest
  */
-public class StripACC_SUPER {
+
+public value class IdentityExceptionTest {
+    void m(Object o) {
+        synchronized (o) {}
+    }
+
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        int access = StripACC_SUPER.class.getModifiers();
-        if (java.lang.reflect.Modifier.isSynchronized(access))
-            throw new Exception("ACC_SUPER bit is not being stripped");
+        IdentityExceptionTest v = new IdentityExceptionTest();
+        try {
+            v.m(v);
+            throw new AssertionError("should have failed with IdentityException");
+        } catch (IdentityException e) {
+            // as expected
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/LoadableDescriptorsAttrTest2.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/LoadableDescriptorsAttrTest2.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e16c064b069
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/LoadableDescriptorsAttrTest2.java
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8331461
+ * @summary [lworld] javac is generating a class file with the LoadableDescriptors attribute but with minor version '0'
+ * @library /tools/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules
+ *      jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.code
+ *      jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ *      jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.api
+ *      jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.file
+ *      jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.main
+ * @build toolbox.ToolBox toolbox.JavacTask
+ * @run main LoadableDescriptorsAttrTest2
+ */
+
+import java.lang.classfile.Attributes;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Assert;
+
+import toolbox.TestRunner;
+import toolbox.ToolBox;
+
+public class LoadableDescriptorsAttrTest2 extends TestRunner {
+    ToolBox tb = new ToolBox();
+
+    public LoadableDescriptorsAttrTest2() {
+        super(System.err);
+    }
+
+    protected void runTests() throws Exception {
+        runTests(m -> new Object[] { Paths.get(m.getName()) });
+    }
+
+    Path[] findJavaFiles(Path... paths) throws Exception {
+        return tb.findJavaFiles(paths);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
+        new LoadableDescriptorsAttrTest2().runTests();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testLoadableDescField(Path base) throws Exception {
+        Path src = base.resolve("src");
+        tb.writeJavaFiles(src,
+                """
+                value class Val {}
+                """,
+                """
+                class Ident {
+                    Val val;
+                }
+                """);
+        Path classes = base.resolve("classes");
+        tb.createDirectories(classes);
+
+        new toolbox.JavacTask(tb)
+                .options("--enable-preview", "-source", Integer.toString(Runtime.version().feature()))
+                .outdir(classes)
+                .files(findJavaFiles(src))
+                .run()
+                .writeAll();
+        Path classFilePath = classes.resolve("Ident.class");
+        var classFile = ClassFile.of().parse(classFilePath);
+        Assert.check(classFile.minorVersion() == 65535);
+        Assert.check(classFile.findAttribute(Attributes.loadableDescriptors()).isPresent());
+
+        // now with the value class in the classpath
+        new toolbox.JavacTask(tb)
+                .options("--enable-preview", "-source", Integer.toString(Runtime.version().feature()), "-cp", classes.toString())
+                .outdir(classes)
+                .files(src.resolve("Ident.java"))
+                .run()
+                .writeAll();
+
+        classFilePath = classes.resolve("Ident.class");
+        classFile = ClassFile.of().parse(classFilePath);
+        Assert.check(classFile.minorVersion() == 65535);
+        Assert.check(classFile.findAttribute(Attributes.loadableDescriptors()).isPresent());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testLoadableDescMethodArg(Path base) throws Exception {
+        Path src = base.resolve("src");
+        tb.writeJavaFiles(src,
+                """
+                value class Val {}
+                """,
+                """
+                class Ident {
+                    void m(Val val) {}
+                }
+                """);
+        Path classes = base.resolve("classes");
+        tb.createDirectories(classes);
+
+        new toolbox.JavacTask(tb)
+                .options("--enable-preview", "-source", Integer.toString(Runtime.version().feature()))
+                .outdir(classes)
+                .files(findJavaFiles(src))
+                .run()
+                .writeAll();
+        Path classFilePath = classes.resolve("Ident.class");
+        var classFile = ClassFile.of().parse(classFilePath);
+        Assert.check(classFile.minorVersion() == 65535);
+        Assert.check(classFile.findAttribute(Attributes.loadableDescriptors()).isPresent());
+
+        // now with the value class in the classpath
+        new toolbox.JavacTask(tb)
+                .options("--enable-preview", "-source", Integer.toString(Runtime.version().feature()), "-cp", classes.toString())
+                .outdir(classes)
+                .files(src.resolve("Ident.java"))
+                .run()
+                .writeAll();
+
+        classFilePath = classes.resolve("Ident.class");
+        classFile = ClassFile.of().parse(classFilePath);
+        Assert.check(classFile.minorVersion() == 65535);
+        Assert.check(classFile.findAttribute(Attributes.loadableDescriptors()).isPresent());
+
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testLoadableDescReturnType(Path base) throws Exception {
+        Path src = base.resolve("src");
+        tb.writeJavaFiles(src,
+                """
+                value class Val {}
+                """,
+                """
+                class Ident {
+                    Val m() {
+                        return null;
+                    }
+                }
+                """);
+        Path classes = base.resolve("classes");
+        tb.createDirectories(classes);
+
+        new toolbox.JavacTask(tb)
+                .options("--enable-preview", "-source", Integer.toString(Runtime.version().feature()))
+                .outdir(classes)
+                .files(findJavaFiles(src))
+                .run()
+                .writeAll();
+        Path classFilePath = classes.resolve("Ident.class");
+        var classFile = ClassFile.of().parse(classFilePath);
+        Assert.check(classFile.minorVersion() == 65535);
+        Assert.check(classFile.findAttribute(Attributes.loadableDescriptors()).isPresent());
+
+
+        // now with the value class in the classpath
+        new toolbox.JavacTask(tb)
+                .options("--enable-preview", "-source", Integer.toString(Runtime.version().feature()), "-cp", classes.toString())
+                .outdir(classes)
+                .files(src.resolve("Ident.java"))
+                .run()
+                .writeAll();
+
+        classFilePath = classes.resolve("Ident.class");
+        classFile = ClassFile.of().parse(classFilePath);
+        Assert.check(classFile.minorVersion() == 65535);
+        Assert.check(classFile.findAttribute(Attributes.loadableDescriptors()).isPresent());
+
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/LoadableDescriptorsAttributeTest.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/LoadableDescriptorsAttributeTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d4436edf20e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/LoadableDescriptorsAttributeTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8280164 8334313
+ * @summary Check emission of LoadableDescriptors attribute
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main LoadableDescriptorsAttributeTest
+ */
+
+import java.lang.classfile.Attributes;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassModel;
+import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.Utf8Entry;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+public class LoadableDescriptorsAttributeTest {
+
+    value class V1 {}
+    value class V2 {}
+    value class V3 {}
+    value class V4 {}
+    value class V5 {}
+    value class V6 {}
+    value class V7 {}
+    value class V8 {}
+    value class V9 {}
+    abstract value class V10 {}
+
+    static final value class X {
+        final V1 [] v1 = null; // field descriptor, encoding array type - no LoadableDescriptors.
+        V2 foo() {  // method descriptor encoding value type, to be preloaded
+            return null;
+        } // return type is value type so should be preloaded
+        void foo(V3 v3) { // method descriptor encoding value type, to be preloaded
+        }
+        void foo(int x) {
+            V4 [] v4 = null; // local variable encoding array type - no preload.
+        }
+        void goo(V6[] v6) { // parameter uses value type but as array component - no preload.
+            V5 v5 = null;  // no preload as value type is used for local type.
+            if (v5 == null) {
+                // ...
+            } else {
+               V5 [] v52 = null;
+            }
+        }
+        final V7 v7 = null; // field descriptor uses value type - to be preloaded.
+        V8 [] goo(V9 [] v9) { // neither V8 nor V9 call for preload being array component types
+            return null;
+        }
+        V10 v10 = null; // abstract shouldn't be in the loadable descriptors attr
+    }
+    // So we expect ONLY V2, V3, V7 to be in LoadableDescriptors list
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        ClassModel cls;
+        try (var in = LoadableDescriptorsAttributeTest.class.getResourceAsStream("LoadableDescriptorsAttributeTest$X.class")) {
+            cls = ClassFile.of().parse(in.readAllBytes());
+        }
+
+        /* Check emission of LoadableDescriptors attribute */
+        var descriptors = cls.findAttribute(Attributes.loadableDescriptors()).orElseThrow();
+        if (descriptors.loadableDescriptors().size() != 3) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Expected 3 loadable descriptors, found: " + descriptors.loadableDescriptors());
+        }
+
+        Set<String> expected = Set.of(
+                "LLoadableDescriptorsAttributeTest$V2;",
+                "LLoadableDescriptorsAttributeTest$V3;",
+                "LLoadableDescriptorsAttributeTest$V7;"
+        );
+
+        Set<String> found = descriptors.loadableDescriptors()
+                .stream()
+                .map(Utf8Entry::stringValue)
+                .collect(Collectors.toSet());
+
+        if (!expected.equals(found)) {
+            throw new AssertionError("LoadableDescriptors mismatch, found: " + found);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/LocalProxyVariablesTests.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/LocalProxyVariablesTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e0b5dec9835
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/LocalProxyVariablesTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,293 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8376843
+ * @summary add more regression tests for local variable proxies
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.code
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.comp
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.file
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.main
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.tree
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ */
+
+import java.net.URI;
+
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import javax.tools.JavaFileObject;
+import javax.tools.SimpleJavaFileObject;
+
+import com.sun.tools.javac.comp.AttrContext;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.comp.Env;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.comp.LocalProxyVarsGen;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.comp.Modules;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.file.JavacFileManager;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.main.JavaCompiler;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.*;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.TreeMaker;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Assert;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Context;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Context.Factory;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.List;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.ListBuffer;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Options;
+
+import static com.sun.tools.javac.util.List.of;
+import static com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.Tag.*;
+
+public class LocalProxyVariablesTests {
+    ReusableJavaCompiler tool;
+    Context context;
+    Options options;
+    MyLocalProxyVarsGen myLocalProxyVarsGen;
+
+    LocalProxyVariablesTests() {
+        context = new Context();
+        JavacFileManager.preRegister(context);
+        MyLocalProxyVarsGen.preRegister(context);
+        options = Options.instance(context);
+        options.put("--enable-preview", "--enable-preview");
+        options.put("--source", Integer.toString(Runtime.version().feature()));
+        tool = new ReusableJavaCompiler(context);
+        myLocalProxyVarsGen = (MyLocalProxyVarsGen)MyLocalProxyVarsGen.instance(context);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String... args) throws Throwable {
+        new LocalProxyVariablesTests().tests();
+    }
+
+    void tests() throws Throwable {
+        doTest(
+                """
+                value class Test {
+                    static String s0;
+                    String s;
+                    String ss;
+                    Test(boolean b) {
+                        s0 = null;
+                        s = s0; // no local proxy variable for `s0` as it is static
+                        ss = s; // but there should be a local proxy for `s`
+                        super();
+                    }
+                }
+                """, Set.of("local$s"));
+        doTest(
+                """
+                value class Test {
+                    int i;
+                    int j;
+                    Test() {// javac should generate a proxy local var for `i`
+                        i = 1;
+                        j = i; // as here `i` is being read during the early construction phase, use the local var instead
+                        super();
+                    }
+                }
+                """, Set.of("local$i"));
+        doTest(
+                """
+                value class Test {
+                    Integer x;
+                    Integer y;
+                    Test(boolean a, boolean b) {
+                        if (a) {
+                            x = 1;
+                            if (b) {
+                                y = 1;
+                            } else {
+                                y = 2;
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            x = y = 3;
+                        }
+                        super();
+                    }
+                }
+                """, Set.of()); // no proxies in this case
+        doTest(
+                """
+                value class Test {
+                    Integer x;
+                    Integer y;
+                    Test(boolean a) {
+                        x = 1;
+                        if (a) {
+                            y = x;
+                        } else {
+                            y = 2;
+                        }
+                        super();
+                    }
+                }
+                """, Set.of("local$x"));
+        doTest(
+                """
+                class Outer {
+                    abstract value class Super {
+                        Super(Object o) { }
+                    }
+                }
+                value class MustPatchNullSuperArg extends Outer.Super {
+                    int i;
+                    int j;
+                    MustPatchNullSuperArg(Outer outer) {
+                        i = 1;
+                        j = i; // forces local proxy for i
+                        outer.super(null);
+                    }
+                }
+                """, "MustPatchNullSuperArg",  Set.of("local$i", "local$0", "local$1"));
+        doTest(
+                """
+                class Test {
+                    static int seed() { return 42; }
+                    static value class V {
+                        int x = seed();
+                        int y = x;
+                        V() { super(); }
+                    }
+                    public static void main(String[] args) {
+                        new V();
+                    }
+                }
+                """, Set.of("local$x"));
+    }
+
+    void doTest(String src, Set<String> expectedLocalProxyNames) throws Throwable {
+        doTest(src, "", expectedLocalProxyNames);
+    }
+
+    void doTest(String src, String className, Set<String> expectedLocalProxyNames) throws Throwable {
+        JavaSource source = new JavaSource(src);
+        tool.clear();
+        List<JavaFileObject> inputs = of(source);
+        myLocalProxyVarsGen.expectedLocalProxyNames(expectedLocalProxyNames, className);
+        try {
+            tool.compile(inputs);
+        } catch (Throwable ex) {
+            throw new AssertionError(ex);
+        }
+        if (tool.errorCount() > 0) {
+            throw new AssertionError("unexpected compilation error");
+        }
+    }
+
+    class JavaSource extends SimpleJavaFileObject {
+        String src;
+
+        JavaSource(String src) {
+            super(URI.create("myfo:/Test.java"), JavaFileObject.Kind.SOURCE);
+            this.src = src;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public CharSequence getCharContent(boolean ignoreEncodingErrors) {
+            return src;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class MyLocalProxyVarsGen extends LocalProxyVarsGen {
+        static void preRegister(Context context) {
+            context.put(localProxyVarsGenKey, (Factory<LocalProxyVarsGen>) c -> new MyLocalProxyVarsGen(c));
+        }
+
+        void expectedLocalProxyNames(Set<String> expectedProxyNames, String className) {
+            // so that we can remove elements from our copy
+            this.expectedProxyNames = new HashSet<>(expectedProxyNames);
+            this.className = className;
+        }
+
+        String className;
+        Set<String> expectedProxyNames;
+
+        MyLocalProxyVarsGen(Context context) {
+            super(context);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void patchConstructor(JCMethodDecl mdef, TreeMaker make) {
+            super.patchConstructor(mdef, make);
+            // if className is "" then we process any class name, usually there will be only one
+            // if not we check only the class with name equals to className
+            if (className.equals("") || className.equals(mdef.sym.owner.name.toString())) {
+                analyzeTransformedMethod(mdef);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* we need to analyze the tree obtained from patchConstructor asap, we can't wait
+         * until the compilation ends as other phases continue transforming the AST
+         */
+        void analyzeTransformedMethod(JCMethodDecl transformed) {
+            if (transformed instanceof JCMethodDecl methodDecl && methodDecl.name.toString().equals("<init>")) {
+                ListBuffer<JCStatement> statsToAnalyze = new ListBuffer<>();
+                for (JCStatement stat : methodDecl.body.stats) {
+                    /* if the super constructor invocation has arguments, then it could be that some proxy variables
+                     * had been created to store the value of those arguments and all this synthetic code is generated
+                     * inside a block, so we need to see inside blocks
+                     */
+                    if (stat instanceof JCBlock block) {
+                        statsToAnalyze.addAll(block.stats);
+                    } else {
+                        statsToAnalyze.add(stat);
+                    }
+                }
+                for (JCStatement stat : statsToAnalyze) {
+                    if (stat instanceof JCVariableDecl variableDecl && variableDecl.sym.isSynthetic()) {
+                        Assert.check(expectedProxyNames.contains(variableDecl.name.toString()), variableDecl.name.toString() + " was not expected");
+                        expectedProxyNames.remove(variableDecl.name.toString());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            Assert.check(expectedProxyNames.isEmpty(), "not all expected proxy names were found at " + transformed);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class ReusableJavaCompiler extends JavaCompiler {
+        ReusableJavaCompiler(Context context) {
+            super(context);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void checkReusable() {
+            // do nothing
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void close() {
+            // do nothing
+        }
+
+        void clear() {
+            chk.newRound();
+            enter.newRound();
+            newRound();
+            Modules.instance(context).newRound();
+            types.newRound();
+            annotate.newRound();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/NoUnnecessaryLoadableDescriptorsTest.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/NoUnnecessaryLoadableDescriptorsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3b8d21d8aa4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/NoUnnecessaryLoadableDescriptorsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8281323
+ * @summary Check emission of LoadableDescriptors attribute to make sure javac does not emit unneeded entries.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main NoUnnecessaryLoadableDescriptorsTest
+ */
+
+import java.lang.classfile.Attributes;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassModel;
+import java.lang.classfile.attribute.LoadableDescriptorsAttribute;
+import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.Utf8Entry;
+import java.util.List;
+
+public class NoUnnecessaryLoadableDescriptorsTest {
+
+    public value class LoadableDescriptorsTest1 {
+        byte b;
+        public LoadableDescriptorsTest1(byte b) {
+            this.b = b;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public class LoadableDescriptorsTest2 {
+        static class Inner1 {
+            static value class Inner2 {}
+            Inner2 inner;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        ClassModel cls;
+        LoadableDescriptorsAttribute loadableDescriptors;
+
+        // There should be no LoadableDescriptors attribute in NoUnnecessaryLoadableDescriptorsTest.class
+        try (var in = NoUnnecessaryLoadableDescriptorsTest.class.getResourceAsStream("NoUnnecessaryLoadableDescriptorsTest.class")) {
+            cls = ClassFile.of().parse(in.readAllBytes());
+        }
+
+        /* Check emission of LoadableDescriptors attribute */
+        if (cls.findAttribute(Attributes.loadableDescriptors()).isPresent()) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Unexpected LoadableDescriptors attribute!");
+        }
+
+        // There should be no LoadableDescriptors attribute in NoUnnecessaryLoadableDescriptorsTest$LoadableDescriptorsTest1.class
+        try (var in = NoUnnecessaryLoadableDescriptorsTest.class.getResourceAsStream("NoUnnecessaryLoadableDescriptorsTest$LoadableDescriptorsTest1.class")) {
+            cls = ClassFile.of().parse(in.readAllBytes());
+        }
+
+        /* Check emission of LoadableDescriptors attribute */
+        if (cls.findAttribute(Attributes.loadableDescriptors()).isPresent()) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Unexpected LoadableDescriptors attribute!");
+        }
+
+        // There should be no LoadableDescriptors attribute in NoUnnecessaryLoadableDescriptorsTest$LoadableDescriptorsTest2.class
+        try (var in = NoUnnecessaryLoadableDescriptorsTest.class.getResourceAsStream("NoUnnecessaryLoadableDescriptorsTest$LoadableDescriptorsTest2.class")) {
+            cls = ClassFile.of().parse(in.readAllBytes());
+        }
+
+        /* Check emission of LoadableDescriptors attribute */
+        if (cls.findAttribute(Attributes.loadableDescriptors()).isPresent()) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Unexpected LoadableDescriptors attribute!");
+        }
+
+        // There should be no LoadableDescriptors attribute in NoUnnecessaryLoadableDescriptorsTest$LoadableDescriptorsTest2$Inner2.class
+        try (var in = NoUnnecessaryLoadableDescriptorsTest.class.getResourceAsStream("NoUnnecessaryLoadableDescriptorsTest$LoadableDescriptorsTest2$Inner1$Inner2.class")) {
+            cls = ClassFile.of().parse(in.readAllBytes());
+        }
+
+        /* Check emission of LoadableDescriptors attribute */
+        if (cls.findAttribute(Attributes.loadableDescriptors()).isPresent()) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Unexpected LoadableDescriptors attribute!");
+        }
+
+        // There should be ONE LoadableDescriptors attribute entry in NoUnnecessaryLoadableDescriptorsTest$LoadableDescriptorsTest2$Inner1.class
+        try (var in = NoUnnecessaryLoadableDescriptorsTest.class.getResourceAsStream("NoUnnecessaryLoadableDescriptorsTest$LoadableDescriptorsTest2$Inner1.class")) {
+            cls = ClassFile.of().parse(in.readAllBytes());
+        }
+
+        if (cls == null) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Could not locate the class files");
+        }
+
+        /* Check emission of LoadableDescriptors attribute */
+        loadableDescriptors = cls.findAttribute(Attributes.loadableDescriptors()).orElseThrow();
+
+        List<String> expected = List.of("LNoUnnecessaryLoadableDescriptorsTest$LoadableDescriptorsTest2$Inner1$Inner2;");
+        List<String> found = loadableDescriptors.loadableDescriptors().stream().map(Utf8Entry::stringValue).toList();
+        if (!expected.equals(found)) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Expected one LoadableDescriptors class entry Inner2, but found " + found);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/StrictFieldsVerifierErrorTest.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/StrictFieldsVerifierErrorTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ff26c7a4f16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/StrictFieldsVerifierErrorTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8373261
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @summary VerifyError: Strict fields not a subset of initial strict instance fields
+ */
+
+public class StrictFieldsVerifierErrorTest {
+    static value class Val1 {
+        int i1;
+        int i2;
+        int i3;
+        int i4;
+
+        public Val1() {
+            this.i1 = 0;
+            this.i2 = 0;
+            this.i3 = 0;
+            this.i4 = 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class Val2 {
+        int i1;
+        Val1 val1;
+
+        public Val2(boolean b) {
+            this.i1 = 0;
+            this.val1 = b ? null : new Val1();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Val2 val = new Val2(true);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/ValueBasedFlagsTest.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/ValueBasedFlagsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d7f95e3008b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/ValueBasedFlagsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8331462
+ * @summary [lworld] javac is setting the ACC_STRICT flag for value-based classes
+ * @library /tools/lib
+ * @modules
+ *      jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.code
+ *      jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ *      jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.api
+ *      jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.file
+ *      jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.main
+ * @build toolbox.ToolBox toolbox.JavacTask
+ * @run main ValueBasedFlagsTest
+ */
+
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Assert;
+
+import toolbox.TestRunner;
+import toolbox.ToolBox;
+import toolbox.JavacTask;
+import toolbox.Task;
+
+public class ValueBasedFlagsTest extends TestRunner {
+    ToolBox tb = new ToolBox();
+
+    public ValueBasedFlagsTest() {
+        super(System.err);
+    }
+
+    protected void runTests() throws Exception {
+        runTests(m -> new Object[] { Paths.get(m.getName()) });
+    }
+
+    Path[] findJavaFiles(Path... paths) throws Exception {
+        return tb.findJavaFiles(paths);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
+        new ValueBasedFlagsTest().runTests();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testValueBased(Path base) throws Exception {
+        Path src = base.resolve("src");
+        tb.writeJavaFiles(src,
+                """
+                package java.lang;
+                @jdk.internal.ValueBased
+                final class ValueBasedTest {}
+                """);
+        Path classes = base.resolve("classes");
+        tb.createDirectories(classes);
+
+        new toolbox.JavacTask(tb)
+                .options("--patch-module", "java.base=" + src.toString(),
+                        "--enable-preview", "-source", Integer.toString(Runtime.version().feature()))
+                .outdir(classes)
+                .files(findJavaFiles(src))
+                .run()
+                .writeAll();
+        Path classFilePath = classes.resolve("java", "lang", "ValueBasedTest.class");
+        var classFile = ClassFile.of().parse(classFilePath);
+        Assert.check((classFile.flags().flagsMask() & Flags.ACC_STRICT) == 0);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/ValueCreationTest.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/ValueCreationTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..64121c4b84c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/ValueCreationTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Check code generation for value creation ops
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util jdk.jdeps/com.sun.tools.javap
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main ValueCreationTest
+ */
+
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+
+public class ValueCreationTest {
+
+    static final value class Point {
+
+        final int x;
+        final int y;
+
+        Point (int x, int y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+
+        public static void main(String [] args) {
+            Point p = new Point(10, 20);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        new ValueCreationTest().run();
+    }
+
+    void run() {
+        String [] params = new String [] { "-v",
+                                            Paths.get(System.getProperty("test.classes"),
+                                                "ValueCreationTest$Point.class").toString() };
+        runCheck(params, new String [] {
+
+         "final value class ValueCreationTest$Point",
+         "flags: (0x0010) ACC_FINAL",
+         "ValueCreationTest$Point(int, int);",
+         "descriptor: (II)V",
+         "flags: (0x0000)",
+         "0: aload_0",
+         "1: iload_1",
+         "2: putfield      #1                  // Field x:I",
+         "5: aload_0",
+         "6: iload_2",
+         "7: putfield      #7                  // Field y:I",
+        "10: aload_0",
+        "11: invokespecial #10                 // Method java/lang/Object.\"<init>\":()V",
+         });
+     }
+
+    void runCheck(String [] params, String [] expectedOut) {
+        StringWriter s;
+        String out;
+
+        try (PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(s = new StringWriter())) {
+            com.sun.tools.javap.Main.run(params, pw);
+            out = s.toString();
+        }
+        int errors = 0;
+        for (String eo: expectedOut) {
+            if (!out.contains(eo)) {
+                System.err.println("Match not found for string: " + eo);
+                errors++;
+            }
+        }
+        if (errors > 0) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Unexpected javap output: " + out);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/ValueObjectCompilationTests.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/ValueObjectCompilationTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c3a98208f9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/ValueObjectCompilationTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1691 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * ValueObjectCompilationTests
+ *
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8287136 8292630 8279368 8287136 8287770 8279840 8279672 8292753 8287763 8279901 8287767 8293183 8293120
+ *      8329345 8341061 8340984 8334484
+ * @summary Negative compilation tests, and positive compilation (smoke) tests for Value Objects
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library /lib/combo /tools/lib
+ * @modules
+ *     jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ *     jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.api
+ *     jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.main
+ *     jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.code
+ * @build toolbox.ToolBox toolbox.JavacTask
+ * @run junit ValueObjectCompilationTests
+ */
+
+import java.io.File;
+
+import java.lang.classfile.Attributes;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassModel;
+import java.lang.classfile.Instruction;
+import java.lang.classfile.MethodModel;
+import java.lang.classfile.Opcode;
+import java.lang.classfile.instruction.FieldInstruction;
+import java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs;
+import java.lang.reflect.AccessFlag;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Assert;
+
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import tools.javac.combo.CompilationTestCase;
+import toolbox.ToolBox;
+
+class ValueObjectCompilationTests extends CompilationTestCase {
+
+    private static String[] PREVIEW_OPTIONS = {
+            "--enable-preview",
+            "-source", Integer.toString(Runtime.version().feature())
+    };
+
+    public ValueObjectCompilationTests() {
+        setDefaultFilename("ValueObjectsTest.java");
+        setCompileOptions(PREVIEW_OPTIONS);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testValueModifierConstraints() {
+        assertFail("compiler.err.illegal.combination.of.modifiers",
+                """
+                value @interface IA {}
+                """);
+        assertFail("compiler.err.illegal.combination.of.modifiers",
+                """
+                value interface I {}
+                """);
+        assertFail("compiler.err.mod.not.allowed.here",
+                """
+                class Test {
+                    value int x;
+                }
+                """);
+        assertFail("compiler.err.mod.not.allowed.here",
+                """
+                class Test {
+                    value int foo();
+                }
+                """);
+        assertFail("compiler.err.mod.not.allowed.here",
+                """
+                value enum Enum {}
+                """);
+    }
+
+    record TestData(String message, String snippet, String[] compilerOptions, boolean testLocalToo) {
+        TestData(String snippet) {
+            this("", snippet, null, true);
+        }
+
+        TestData(String snippet, boolean testLocalToo) {
+            this("", snippet, null, testLocalToo);
+        }
+
+        TestData(String message, String snippet) {
+            this(message, snippet, null, true);
+        }
+
+        TestData(String snippet, String[] compilerOptions) {
+            this("", snippet, compilerOptions, true);
+        }
+
+        TestData(String message, String snippet, String[] compilerOptions) {
+            this(message, snippet, compilerOptions, true);
+        }
+
+        TestData(String message, String snippet, boolean testLocalToo) {
+            this(message, snippet, null, testLocalToo);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void testHelper(List<TestData> testDataList) {
+        String ttt =
+                """
+                    class TTT {
+                        void m() {
+                            #LOCAL
+                        }
+                    }
+                """;
+        for (TestData td : testDataList) {
+            String localSnippet = ttt.replace("#LOCAL", td.snippet);
+            String[] previousOptions = getCompileOptions();
+            try {
+                if (td.compilerOptions != null) {
+                    setCompileOptions(td.compilerOptions);
+                }
+                if (td.message == "") {
+                    assertOK(td.snippet);
+                    if (td.testLocalToo) {
+                        assertOK(localSnippet);
+                    }
+                } else if (td.message.startsWith("compiler.err")) {
+                    assertFail(td.message, td.snippet);
+                    if (td.testLocalToo) {
+                        assertFail(td.message, localSnippet);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    assertOKWithWarning(td.message, td.snippet);
+                    if (td.testLocalToo) {
+                        assertOKWithWarning(td.message, localSnippet);
+                    }
+                }
+            } finally {
+                setCompileOptions(previousOptions);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final List<TestData> superClassConstraints = List.of(
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.err.value.type.has.identity.super.type",
+                    """
+                    abstract class I {
+                        synchronized void foo() {}
+                    }
+                    value class V extends I {}
+                    """
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.err.value.type.has.identity.super.type",
+                    """
+                    class ConcreteSuperType {
+                        static abstract value class V extends ConcreteSuperType {}  // Error: concrete super.
+                    }
+                    """
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    """
+                    value record Point(int x, int y) {}
+                    """
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    """
+                    value class One extends Number {
+                        public int intValue() { return 0; }
+                        public long longValue() { return 0; }
+                        public float floatValue() { return 0; }
+                        public double doubleValue() { return 0; }
+                    }
+                    """
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    """
+                    value class V extends Object {}
+                    """
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.err.value.type.has.identity.super.type",
+                    """
+                    abstract class A {}
+                    value class V extends A {}
+                    """
+            )
+    );
+
+    @Test
+    void testSuperClassConstraints() {
+        testHelper(superClassConstraints);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testRepeatedModifiers() {
+        assertFail("compiler.err.repeated.modifier", "value value class ValueTest {}");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testParserTest() {
+        assertOK(
+                """
+                value class Substring implements CharSequence {
+                    private String str;
+                    private int start;
+                    private int end;
+
+                    public Substring(String str, int start, int end) {
+                        checkBounds(start, end, str.length());
+                        this.str = str;
+                        this.start = start;
+                        this.end = end;
+                    }
+
+                    public int length() {
+                        return end - start;
+                    }
+
+                    public char charAt(int i) {
+                        checkBounds(0, i, length());
+                        return str.charAt(start + i);
+                    }
+
+                    public Substring subSequence(int s, int e) {
+                        checkBounds(s, e, length());
+                        return new Substring(str, start + s, start + e);
+                    }
+
+                    public String toString() {
+                        return str.substring(start, end);
+                    }
+
+                    private static void checkBounds(int start, int end, int length) {
+                        if (start < 0 || end < start || length < end)
+                            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
+                    }
+                }
+                """
+        );
+    }
+
+    private static final List<TestData> semanticsViolations = List.of(
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.err.cant.inherit.from.final",
+                    """
+                    value class Base {}
+                    class Subclass extends Base {}
+                    """
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.err.cant.assign.val.to.var",
+                    """
+                    value class Point {
+                        int x = 10;
+                        int y;
+                        Point (int x, int y) {
+                            this.x = x; // Error, final field 'x' is already assigned to.
+                            this.y = y; // OK.
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.err.cant.assign.val.to.var",
+                    """
+                    value class Point {
+                        int x;
+                        int y;
+                        Point (int x, int y) {
+                            this.x = x;
+                            this.y = y;
+                        }
+                        void foo(Point p) {
+                            this.y = p.y; // Error, y is final and can't be written outside of ctor.
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.err.cant.assign.val.to.var",
+                    """
+                    abstract value class Point {
+                        int x;
+                        int y;
+                        Point (int x, int y) {
+                            this.x = x;
+                            this.y = y;
+                        }
+                        void foo(Point p) {
+                            this.y = p.y; // Error, y is final and can't be written outside of ctor.
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.err.strict.field.not.have.been.initialized.before.super",
+                    """
+                    value class Point {
+                        int x;
+                        int y;
+                        Point (int x, int y) {
+                            this.x = x;
+                            // y hasn't been initialized
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.err.mod.not.allowed.here",
+                    """
+                    abstract value class V {
+                        synchronized void foo() {
+                         // Error, abstract value class may not declare a synchronized instance method.
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    """
+                    abstract value class V {
+                        static synchronized void foo() {} // OK static
+                    }
+                    """
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.err.mod.not.allowed.here",
+                    """
+                    value class V {
+                        synchronized void foo() {}
+                    }
+                    """
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    """
+                    value class V {
+                        synchronized static void soo() {} // OK static
+                    }
+                    """
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.err.type.found.req",
+                    """
+                    value class V {
+                        { synchronized(this) {} }
+                    }
+                    """
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.err.mod.not.allowed.here",
+                    """
+                    value record R() {
+                        synchronized void foo() { } // Error;
+                        synchronized static void soo() {} // OK.
+                    }
+                    """
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called",
+                    """
+                    value class V {
+                        int x;
+                        V() {
+                            foo(this); // Error.
+                            x = 10;
+                        }
+                        void foo(V v) {}
+                    }
+                    """
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called",
+                    """
+                    value class V {
+                        int x;
+                        V() {
+                            x = 10;
+                            foo(this); // error
+                        }
+                        void foo(V v) {}
+                    }
+                    """
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.err.type.found.req",
+                    """
+                    interface I {}
+                    interface VI extends I {}
+                    class C {}
+                    value class VC<T extends VC> {
+                        void m(T t) {
+                            synchronized(t) {} // error
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.err.type.found.req",
+                    """
+                    interface I {}
+                    interface VI extends I {}
+                    class C {}
+                    value class VC<T extends VC> {
+                        void foo(Object o) {
+                            synchronized ((VC & I)o) {} // error
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    // OK if the value class is abstract
+                    """
+                    interface I {}
+                    abstract value class VI implements I {}
+                    class C {}
+                    value class VC<T extends VC> {
+                        void bar(Object o) {
+                            synchronized ((VI & I)o) {} // error
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.err.type.found.req", // --enable-preview -source"
+                    """
+                    class V {
+                        final Integer val = Integer.valueOf(42);
+                        void test() {
+                            synchronized (val) { // error
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.err.type.found.req", // --enable-preview -source"
+                    """
+                    import java.time.*;
+                    class V {
+                        final Duration val = Duration.ZERO;
+                        void test() {
+                            synchronized (val) { // warn
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """,
+                    false // cant do local as there is an import statement
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.warn.attempt.to.synchronize.on.instance.of.value.based.class", // empty options
+                    """
+                    class V {
+                        final Integer val = Integer.valueOf(42);
+                        void test() {
+                            synchronized (val) { // warn
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """,
+                    new String[] {}
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.warn.attempt.to.synchronize.on.instance.of.value.based.class", // --source
+                    """
+                    class V {
+                        final Integer val = Integer.valueOf(42);
+                        void test() {
+                            synchronized (val) { // warn
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """,
+                    new String[] {"--source", Integer.toString(Runtime.version().feature())}
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.warn.attempt.to.synchronize.on.instance.of.value.based.class", // --source
+                    """
+                    class V {
+                        final Integer val = Integer.valueOf(42);
+                        void test() {
+                            synchronized (val) { // warn
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """,
+                    new String[] {"--source", Integer.toString(Runtime.version().feature())}
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.err.illegal.combination.of.modifiers", // --enable-preview -source"
+                    """
+                    value class V {
+                        volatile int f = 1;
+                    }
+                    """
+            )
+    );
+
+    @Test
+    void testSemanticsViolations() {
+        testHelper(semanticsViolations);
+    }
+
+    private static final List<TestData> sealedClassesData = List.of(
+            new TestData(
+                    """
+                    abstract sealed value class SC {}
+                    value class VC extends SC {}
+                    """,
+                    false // local sealed classes are not allowed
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    """
+                    abstract sealed interface SI {}
+                    value class VC implements SI {}
+                    """,
+                    false // local sealed classes are not allowed
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    """
+                    abstract sealed class SC {}
+                    final class IC extends SC {}
+                    non-sealed class IC2 extends SC {}
+                    final class IC3 extends IC2 {}
+                    """,
+                    false
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    """
+                    abstract sealed interface SI {}
+                    final class IC implements SI {}
+                    non-sealed class IC2 implements SI {}
+                    final class IC3 extends IC2 {}
+                    """,
+                    false // local sealed classes are not allowed
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.err.non.abstract.value.class.cant.be.sealed.or.non.sealed",
+                    """
+                    abstract sealed value class SC {}
+                    non-sealed value class VC extends SC {}
+                    """,
+                    false
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    "compiler.err.non.abstract.value.class.cant.be.sealed.or.non.sealed",
+                    """
+                    sealed value class SI {}
+                    """,
+                    false
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    """
+                    sealed abstract value class SI {}
+                    value class V extends SI {}
+                    """,
+                    false
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    """
+                    sealed abstract value class SI permits V {}
+                    value class V extends SI {}
+                    """,
+                    false
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    """
+                    sealed interface I {}
+                    non-sealed abstract value class V implements I {}
+                    """,
+                    false
+            ),
+            new TestData(
+                    """
+                    sealed interface I permits V {}
+                    non-sealed abstract value class V implements I {}
+                    """,
+                    false
+            )
+    );
+
+    @Test
+    void testInteractionWithSealedClasses() {
+        testHelper(sealedClassesData);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testCheckClassFileFlags() throws Exception {
+        for (String source : List.of(
+                """
+                interface I {}
+                class Test {
+                    I i = new I() {};
+                }
+                """,
+                """
+                class C {}
+                class Test {
+                    C c = new C() {};
+                }
+                """,
+                """
+                class Test {
+                    Object o = new Object() {};
+                }
+                """,
+                """
+                class Test {
+                    abstract class Inner {}
+                }
+                """
+        )) {
+            File dir = assertOK(true, source);
+            for (final File fileEntry : dir.listFiles()) {
+                if (fileEntry.getName().contains("$")) {
+                    var classFile = ClassFile.of().parse(fileEntry.toPath());
+                    Assert.check(classFile.flags().has(AccessFlag.IDENTITY));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        for (String source : List.of(
+                """
+                class C {}
+                """,
+                """
+                abstract class A {
+                    int i;
+                }
+                """,
+                """
+                abstract class A {
+                    synchronized void m() {}
+                }
+                """,
+                """
+                class C {
+                    synchronized void m() {}
+                }
+                """,
+                """
+                abstract class A {
+                    int i;
+                    { i = 0; }
+                }
+                """,
+                """
+                abstract class A {
+                    A(int i) {}
+                }
+                """,
+                """
+                    enum E {}
+                """,
+                """
+                    record R() {}
+                """
+        )) {
+            File dir = assertOK(true, source);
+            for (final File fileEntry : dir.listFiles()) {
+                var classFile = ClassFile.of().parse(fileEntry.toPath());
+                Assert.check(classFile.flags().has(AccessFlag.IDENTITY));
+            }
+        }
+
+        {
+            String source =
+                    """
+                    abstract value class A {}
+                    value class Sub extends A {} //implicitly final
+                    """;
+            File dir = assertOK(true, source);
+            for (final File fileEntry : dir.listFiles()) {
+                var classFile = ClassFile.of().parse(fileEntry.toPath());
+                switch (classFile.thisClass().asInternalName()) {
+                    case "Sub":
+                        Assert.check((classFile.flags().flagsMask() & (Flags.FINAL)) != 0);
+                        break;
+                    case "A":
+                        Assert.check((classFile.flags().flagsMask() & (Flags.ABSTRACT)) != 0);
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        throw new AssertionError("you shoulnd't be here");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        for (String source : List.of(
+                """
+                value class V {
+                    int i = 0;
+                    static int j;
+                }
+                """,
+                """
+                abstract value class A {
+                    static int j;
+                }
+
+                value class V extends A {
+                    int i = 0;
+                }
+                """
+        )) {
+            File dir = assertOK(true, source);
+            for (final File fileEntry : dir.listFiles()) {
+                var classFile = ClassFile.of().parse(fileEntry.toPath());
+                for (var field : classFile.fields()) {
+                    if (!field.flags().has(AccessFlag.STATIC)) {
+                        Set<AccessFlag> fieldFlags = field.flags().flags();
+                        Assert.check(fieldFlags.size() == 2 && fieldFlags.contains(AccessFlag.FINAL) && fieldFlags.contains(AccessFlag.STRICT_INIT));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testConstruction() throws Exception {
+        record Data(String src, boolean isRecord) {
+            Data(String src) {
+                this(src, false);
+            }
+        }
+        for (Data data : List.of(
+                new Data(
+                    """
+                    value class Test {
+                        int i = 100;
+                    }
+                    """),
+                new Data(
+                    """
+                    value class Test {
+                        int i;
+                        Test() {
+                            i = 100;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """),
+                new Data(
+                    """
+                    value class Test {
+                        int i;
+                        Test() {
+                            i = 100;
+                            super();
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """),
+                new Data(
+                    """
+                    value class Test {
+                        int i;
+                        Test() {
+                            this.i = 100;
+                            super();
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """),
+                new Data(
+                    """
+                    value record Test(int i) {}
+                    """, true)
+        )) {
+            if (!data.isRecord()) {
+                checkMnemonicsFor(data.src, "aload_0,bipush,putfield,aload_0,invokespecial,return");
+            } else {
+                checkMnemonicsFor(data.src, "aload_0,iload_1,putfield,aload_0,invokespecial,return");
+            }
+        }
+
+        String source =
+                """
+                value class Test {
+                    int i = 100;
+                    int j = 0;
+                    {
+                        System.out.println(j);
+                    }
+                }
+                """;
+        checkMnemonicsFor(
+                """
+                value class Test {
+                    int i = 100;
+                    int j = 0;
+                    {
+                        System.out.println(j);
+                    }
+                }
+                """,
+                "aload_0,bipush,putfield,aload_0,iconst_0,putfield,aload_0,invokespecial,getstatic,iconst_0,invokevirtual,return"
+        );
+
+        assertFail("compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called",
+                """
+                value class Test {
+                    Test() {
+                        m();
+                    }
+                    void m() {}
+                }
+                """
+        );
+        assertFail("compiler.err.strict.field.not.have.been.initialized.before.super",
+                """
+                value class Test {
+                    int i;
+                    Test() {
+                        super();
+                        this.i = i;
+                    }
+                }
+                """
+        );
+        assertOK(
+                """
+                class UnrelatedThisLeak {
+                    value class V {
+                        int f;
+                        V() {
+                            UnrelatedThisLeak x = UnrelatedThisLeak.this;
+                            f = 10;
+                            x = UnrelatedThisLeak.this;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                """
+        );
+        assertFail("compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called",
+                """
+                value class Test {
+                    Test t = null;
+                    Runnable r = () -> { System.err.println(t); }; // cant reference `t` from a lambda expression in the prologue
+                }
+                """
+        );
+        assertFail("compiler.err.strict.field.not.have.been.initialized.before.super",
+                """
+                value class Test {
+                    int f;
+                    {
+                        f = 1;
+                    }
+                }
+                """
+        );
+        assertFail("compiler.err.var.might.not.have.been.initialized",
+                """
+                value class V {
+                    int x;
+                    int y = x + 1; // error
+                    V() {
+                        x = 12;
+                        // super();
+                    }
+                }
+                """
+        );
+        assertOK("""
+                value class V {
+                    int y;
+                    int x = (y = 1);
+
+                    V() {
+                        int z = y; // ok
+                        super();
+                    }
+                }
+                """);
+        assertFail("compiler.err.cant.ref.before.ctor.called",
+                """
+                value class V2 {
+                    int x;
+                    V2() { this(x = 3); } // error
+                    V2(int i) { x = 4; }
+                }
+                """
+        );
+        assertOK(
+                """
+                abstract value class AV1 {
+                    AV1(int i) {}
+                }
+                value class V3 extends AV1 {
+                    int x;
+                    V3() {
+                        super(x = 3); // ok
+                    }
+                }
+                """
+        );
+        assertFail("compiler.err.var.might.not.have.been.initialized",
+                """
+                value class V4 {
+                    int x;
+                    int y = x + 1;
+                    V4() {
+                        x = 12;
+                    }
+                    V4(int i) {
+                        x = i;
+                    }
+                }
+                """
+        );
+        assertOK(
+                """
+                value class V {
+                    final int x = "abc".length();
+                    { System.out.println(x); }
+                }
+                """
+        );
+        assertFail("compiler.err.illegal.forward.ref",
+                """
+                value class V {
+                    { System.out.println(x); }
+                    final int x = "abc".length();
+                }
+                """
+        );
+        assertOK(
+                """
+                value class V {
+                    int x = "abc".length();
+                    int y = x;
+                }
+                """
+        );
+        assertOK(
+                """
+                value class V {
+                    int x = "abc".length();
+                    { int y = x; }
+                }
+                """
+        );
+        assertOK(
+                """
+                value class V {
+                    String s1;
+                    { System.out.println(s1); }
+                    String s2 = (s1 = "abc");
+                }
+                """
+        );
+
+        source =
+            """
+            value class V {
+                int i = 1;
+                int y;
+                V() {
+                    y = 2;
+                }
+            }
+            """;
+        {
+            File dir = assertOK(true, source);
+            File fileEntry = dir.listFiles()[0];
+            var expectedCodeSequence = "putfield i,putfield y";
+            var classFile = ClassFile.of().parse(fileEntry.toPath());
+            for (var method : classFile.methods()) {
+                if (method.methodName().equalsString("<init>")) {
+                    var code = method.findAttribute(Attributes.code()).orElseThrow();
+                    List<String> mnemonics = new ArrayList<>();
+                    for (var coe : code) {
+                        if (coe instanceof FieldInstruction inst && inst.opcode() == Opcode.PUTFIELD) {
+                            mnemonics.add(inst.opcode().name().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT) + " " + inst.name());
+                        }
+                    }
+                    var foundCodeSequence = String.join(",", mnemonics);
+                    Assert.check(expectedCodeSequence.equals(foundCodeSequence), "found " + foundCodeSequence);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // check that javac doesn't generate duplicate initializer code
+        checkMnemonicsFor(
+                """
+                value class Test {
+                    static class Foo {
+                        int x;
+                        int getX() { return x; }
+                    }
+                    Foo data = new Foo();
+                    Test() { // we will check that: `data = new Foo();` is generated only once
+                        data.getX();
+                        super();
+                    }
+                }
+                """,
+                "new,dup,invokespecial,astore_1,aload_1,invokevirtual,pop,aload_0,aload_1,putfield,aload_0,invokespecial,return"
+        );
+
+        assertFail("compiler.err.invalid.canonical.constructor.in.record",
+                """
+                record R(int x) {
+                    public R {
+                        super();
+                    }
+                }
+                """
+        );
+
+        assertFail("compiler.err.invalid.canonical.constructor.in.record",
+                """
+                record R(int x) {
+                    public R {
+                        this();
+                    }
+                    public R() {
+                        this(1);
+                    }
+                }
+                """
+        );
+
+        assertOK(
+                """
+                record R(int x) {
+                    public R(int x) {
+                        this.x = x;
+                        super();
+                    }
+                }
+                """
+        );
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testSyntheticCapturesInEarlyInitializers() throws Exception {
+        File dir = assertOK(true, """
+          class Test {
+              class Inner { }
+              value class V {
+                  Object o = new Inner(); // this$0 ref
+                  V() { super(); }
+              }
+              public static void main(String[] args) {
+                  Test t = new Test();
+                  t.new V();
+              }
+          }
+          """);
+        invokeMain("Test", dir);
+
+        dir = assertOK(true, """
+          class Test {
+              static class Box { Box(int i) { } }
+              static void test() {
+                  int x = 42;
+                  value class V {
+                      Object o = new Box(x); // capture ref
+                      V() { super(); }
+                  }
+                  new V();
+              }
+              public static void main(String[] args) {
+                  test();
+              }
+          }
+          """);
+        invokeMain("Test", dir);
+
+        dir = assertOK(true, """
+          import java.util.function.Supplier;
+
+          class Test {
+              static int seen;
+              static class Box { Box(int i) { } }
+              static void test() {
+                  int x = 42;
+                  value class V {
+                      Supplier<Box> s = () -> new Box(x); // lambda capture ref
+                      V() { super(); }
+                  }
+                  new V().s.get();
+              }
+              public static void main(String[] args) {
+                  test();
+              }
+          }
+          """);
+        invokeMain("Test", dir);
+
+        dir = assertOK(true, """
+          import java.util.function.Supplier;
+
+          class Test {
+              static int seen;
+              class Inner { }
+              value class V {
+                  Supplier<Inner> s = () -> new Inner(); // lambda this$0 ref
+                  V() { super(); }
+              }
+              public static void main(String[] args) {
+                  Test t = new Test();
+                  t.new V().s.get();
+              }
+          }
+          """);
+        invokeMain("Test", dir);
+    }
+
+    void invokeMain(String className, File dir) throws Exception {
+        Method method = loadClass(className, dir)
+                .getDeclaredMethod("main", String[].class);
+        method.setAccessible(true);
+        method.invoke(null, (Object) new String[0]);
+    }
+
+    void checkMnemonicsFor(String source, String expectedMnemonics) throws Exception {
+        File dir = assertOK(true, source);
+        for (final File fileEntry : dir.listFiles()) {
+            var classFile = ClassFile.of().parse(fileEntry.toPath());
+            if (classFile.thisClass().name().equalsString("Test")) {
+                for (var method : classFile.methods()) {
+                    if (method.methodName().equalsString("<init>")) {
+                        var code = method.findAttribute(Attributes.code()).orElseThrow();
+                        List<String> mnemonics = new ArrayList<>();
+                        for (var coe : code) {
+                            if (coe instanceof Instruction inst) {
+                                mnemonics.add(inst.opcode().name().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT));
+                            }
+                        }
+                        var foundCodeSequence = String.join(",", mnemonics);
+                        Assert.check(expectedMnemonics.equals(foundCodeSequence), "found " + foundCodeSequence);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testThisCallingConstructor() throws Exception {
+        // make sure that this() calling constructors doesn't initialize final fields
+        String source =
+                """
+                value class Test {
+                    int i;
+                    Test() {
+                        this(0);
+                    }
+
+                    Test(int i) {
+                        this.i = i;
+                    }
+                }
+                """;
+        File dir = assertOK(true, source);
+        File fileEntry = dir.listFiles()[0];
+        String expectedCodeSequenceThisCallingConst = "aload_0,iconst_0,invokespecial,return";
+        String expectedCodeSequenceNonThisCallingConst = "aload_0,iload_1,putfield,aload_0,invokespecial,return";
+        var classFile = ClassFile.of().parse(fileEntry.toPath());
+        for (var method : classFile.methods()) {
+            if (method.methodName().equalsString("<init>")) {
+                var code = method.findAttribute(Attributes.code()).orElseThrow();
+                List<String> mnemonics = new ArrayList<>();
+                for (var coe : code) {
+                    if (coe instanceof Instruction inst) {
+                        mnemonics.add(inst.opcode().name().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT));
+                    }
+                }
+                var foundCodeSequence = String.join(",", mnemonics);
+                var expected = method.methodTypeSymbol().parameterCount() == 0 ?
+                        expectedCodeSequenceThisCallingConst : expectedCodeSequenceNonThisCallingConst;
+                Assert.check(expected.equals(foundCodeSequence), "found " + foundCodeSequence);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testSelectors() throws Exception {
+        assertOK(
+                """
+                value class V {
+                    void selector() {
+                        Class<?> c = int.class;
+                    }
+                }
+                """
+        );
+        assertFail("compiler.err.expected",
+                """
+                value class V {
+                    void selector() {
+                        int i = int.some_selector;
+                    }
+                }
+                """
+        );
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testNullAssigment() throws Exception {
+        assertOK(
+                """
+                value final class V {
+                    final int x = 10;
+
+                    value final class X {
+                        final V v;
+                        final V v2;
+
+                        X() {
+                            this.v = null;
+                            this.v2 = null;
+                        }
+
+                        X(V v) {
+                            this.v = v;
+                            this.v2 = v;
+                        }
+
+                        V foo(X x) {
+                            x = new X(null);  // OK
+                            return x.v;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    V bar(X x) {
+                        x = new X(null); // OK
+                        return x.v;
+                    }
+
+                    class Y {
+                        V v;
+                        V [] va = { null }; // OK: array initialization
+                        V [] va2 = new V[] { null }; // OK: array initialization
+                        void ooo(X x) {
+                            x = new X(null); // OK
+                            v = null; // legal assignment.
+                            va[0] = null; // legal.
+                            va = new V[] { null }; // legal
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                """
+        );
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testSerializationWarnings() throws Exception {
+        String[] previousOptions = getCompileOptions();
+        try {
+            setCompileOptions(new String[] {"-Xlint:serial", "--enable-preview", "--source",
+                    Integer.toString(Runtime.version().feature())});
+            assertOK(
+                    """
+                    import java.io.*;
+                    abstract value class AVC implements Serializable {}
+                    """);
+            assertOKWithWarning("compiler.warn.serializable.value.class.without.write.replace.1",
+                    """
+                    import java.io.*;
+                    value class VC implements Serializable {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 0;
+                    }
+                    """);
+            assertOKWithWarning("compiler.warn.ineffectual.serial.method.value.class",
+                    """
+                    import java.io.*;
+                    value class VC implements Serializable {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 0;
+                        private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream stream) throws IOException {}
+                    }
+                    """);
+            assertOKWithWarning("compiler.warn.ineffectual.serial.method.value.class",
+                    """
+                    import java.io.*;
+                    value class VC implements Serializable {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 0;
+                        private void readObject(ObjectInputStream stream) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {}
+                    }
+                    """);
+            assertOKWithWarning("compiler.warn.ineffectual.serial.method.value.class",
+                    """
+                    import java.io.*;
+                    value class VC implements Serializable {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 0;
+                        private void readObjectNoData() throws ObjectStreamException {}
+                    }
+                    """);
+            assertOK(
+                    """
+                    import java.io.*;
+                    class C implements Serializable {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 0;
+                    }
+                    """);
+            assertOK(
+                    """
+                    import java.io.*;
+                    abstract value class Super implements Serializable {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 0;
+                        protected Object writeReplace() throws ObjectStreamException {
+                            return null;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    value class ValueSerializable extends Super {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1;
+                    }
+                    """);
+            assertOK(
+                    """
+                    import java.io.*;
+                    abstract value class Super implements Serializable {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 0;
+                        Object writeReplace() throws ObjectStreamException {
+                            return null;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    value class ValueSerializable extends Super {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1;
+                    }
+                    """);
+            assertOK(
+                    """
+                    import java.io.*;
+                    abstract value class Super implements Serializable {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 0;
+                        public Object writeReplace() throws ObjectStreamException {
+                            return null;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    value class ValueSerializable extends Super {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1;
+                    }
+                    """);
+            assertOKWithWarning("compiler.warn.serializable.value.class.without.write.replace.1",
+                    """
+                    import java.io.*;
+                    abstract value class Super implements Serializable {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 0;
+                        private Object writeReplace() throws ObjectStreamException {
+                            return null;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    value class ValueSerializable extends Super {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1;
+                    }
+                    """);
+            assertOKWithWarning("compiler.warn.serializable.value.class.without.write.replace.2",
+                    """
+                    import java.io.*;
+                    abstract value class Super implements Serializable {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 0;
+                        private Object writeReplace() throws ObjectStreamException {
+                            return null;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    class Serializable1 extends Super {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1;
+                    }
+                    class Serializable2 extends Serializable1 {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1;
+                    }
+                    """);
+            assertOK(
+                    """
+                    import java.io.*;
+                    abstract value class Super implements Serializable {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 0;
+                        Object writeReplace() throws ObjectStreamException {
+                            return null;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    class ValueSerializable extends Super {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1;
+                    }
+                    """);
+            assertOK(
+                    """
+                    import java.io.*;
+                    abstract value class Super implements Serializable {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 0;
+                        public Object writeReplace() throws ObjectStreamException {
+                            return null;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    class ValueSerializable extends Super {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1;
+                    }
+                    """);
+            assertOK(
+                    """
+                    import java.io.*;
+                    abstract value class Super implements Serializable {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 0;
+                        protected Object writeReplace() throws ObjectStreamException {
+                            return null;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    class ValueSerializable extends Super {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1;
+                    }
+                    """);
+            assertOK(
+                    """
+                    import java.io.*;
+                    value record ValueRecord() implements Serializable {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1;
+                    }
+                    """);
+            assertOK(
+                    // Number is a special case, no warning for identity classes extending it
+                    """
+                    class NumberSubClass extends Number {
+                        private static final long serialVersionUID = 0L;
+                        @Override
+                        public double doubleValue() { return 0; }
+                        @Override
+                        public int intValue() { return 0; }
+                        @Override
+                        public long longValue() { return 0; }
+                        @Override
+                        public float floatValue() { return 0; }
+                    }
+                    """
+            );
+        } finally {
+            setCompileOptions(previousOptions);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testAssertUnsetFieldsSMEntry() throws Exception {
+        String[] previousOptions = getCompileOptions();
+        try {
+            String[] testOptions = {
+                    "--enable-preview",
+                    "-source", Integer.toString(Runtime.version().feature()),
+                    "-XDnoLocalProxyVars",
+                    "-XDdebug.stackmap",
+            };
+            setCompileOptions(testOptions);
+
+            record Data(String src, int[] expectedFrameTypes, String[][] expectedUnsetFields) {}
+            for (Data data : List.of(
+                    new Data(
+                            """
+                            value class Test {
+                                final int x;
+                                final int y;
+                                Test(boolean a, boolean b) {
+                                    if (a) { // early_larval {x, y}
+                                        x = 1;
+                                        if (b) { // early_larval {y}
+                                            y = 1;
+                                        } else { // early_larval {y}
+                                            y = 2;
+                                        }
+                                    } else { // early_larval {x, y}
+                                        x = y = 3;
+                                    }
+                                    super();
+                                }
+                            }
+                            """,
+                            // three unset_fields entries, entry type 246, are expected in the stackmap table
+                            new int[] {246, 246, 246},
+                            // expected fields for each of them:
+                            new String[][] { new String[] { "y:I" }, new String[] { "x:I", "y:I" }, new String[] {} }
+                    ),
+                    new Data(
+                            """
+                            value class Test {
+                                final int x;
+                                final int y;
+                                Test(int n) {
+                                    switch(n) {
+                                        case 2:
+                                            x = y = 2;
+                                            break;
+                                        default:
+                                            x = y = 100;
+                                            break;
+                                    }
+                                    super();
+                                }
+                            }
+                            """,
+                            // here we expect only one
+                            new int[] {20, 12, 246},
+                            // stating that no field is unset
+                            new String[][] { new String[] {} }
+                    ),
+                    new Data(
+                            """
+                            value class Test {
+                                final int x;
+                                final int y;
+                                Test(int n) {
+                                    if (n % 3 == 0) {
+                                        x = n / 3;
+                                    } else { // no unset change
+                                        x = n + 2;
+                                    } // early_larval {y}
+                                    y = n >>> 3;
+                                    super();
+                                    if ((char) n != n) {
+                                        n -= 5;
+                                    } // no uninitializedThis - automatically cleared unsets
+                                    Math.abs(n);
+                                }
+                            }
+                            """,
+                            // here we expect only one, none for the post-larval frame
+                            new int[] {16, 246, 255},
+                            // stating that y is unset when if-else finishes
+                            new String[][] { new String[] {"y:I"} }
+                    )
+            )) {
+                File dir = assertOK(true, data.src());
+                for (final File fileEntry : dir.listFiles()) {
+                    var classFile = ClassFile.of().parse(fileEntry.toPath());
+                    for (var method : classFile.methods()) {
+                        if (method.methodName().equalsString(ConstantDescs.INIT_NAME)) {
+                            var code = method.findAttribute(Attributes.code()).orElseThrow();
+                            var stackMapTable = code.findAttribute(Attributes.stackMapTable()).orElseThrow();
+                            Assert.check(data.expectedFrameTypes().length == stackMapTable.entries().size(), "unexpected stackmap length");
+                            int entryIndex = 0;
+                            int expectedUnsetFieldsIndex = 0;
+                            for (var entry : stackMapTable.entries()) {
+                                Assert.check(data.expectedFrameTypes()[entryIndex++] == entry.frameType(), "expected " + data.expectedFrameTypes()[entryIndex - 1] + " found " + entry.frameType());
+                                if (entry.frameType() == 246) {
+                                    Assert.check(data.expectedUnsetFields()[expectedUnsetFieldsIndex].length == entry.unsetFields().size());
+                                    int index = 0;
+                                    for (var nat : entry.unsetFields()) {
+                                        String unsetStr = nat.name() + ":" + nat.type();
+                                        Assert.check(data.expectedUnsetFields()[expectedUnsetFieldsIndex][index++].equals(unsetStr));
+                                    }
+                                    expectedUnsetFieldsIndex++;
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        } finally {
+            setCompileOptions(previousOptions);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testLocalProxyVars() throws Exception {
+        checkMnemonicsFor(
+                    """
+                    value class Test {
+                        int i;
+                        int j;
+                        Test() {// javac should generate a proxy local var for `i`
+                            i = 1;
+                            j = i; // as here `i` is being read during the early construction phase, use the local var instead
+                            super();
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """,
+                    "iconst_1,istore_1,aload_0,iload_1,putfield,aload_0,iload_1,putfield,aload_0,invokespecial,return");
+        checkMnemonicsFor(
+                    """
+                    value class Test {
+                        static String s0;
+                        String s;
+                        String ss;
+                        Test(boolean b) {
+                            s0 = null;
+                            s = s0; // no local proxy variable for `s0` as it is static
+                            ss = s; // but there should be a local proxy for `s`
+                            super();
+                        }
+                    }
+                    """,
+                    "aconst_null,putstatic,getstatic,astore_2,aload_0,aload_2,putfield,aload_0,aload_2," +
+                    "putfield,aload_0,invokespecial,return");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testIdentityRecordUsesPreview() throws Exception {
+        String source_withComponents =
+                """
+                record IdentityRecord(int x, int y) {
+                    IdentityRecord(int x, int y) {
+                        this.x = x;
+                        if (x < 0) {
+                            y = -y;
+                        }
+                        this.y = y;
+                    }
+                }
+                """;
+        String source_noComponents =
+                """
+                record IdentityRecord() {}
+                """;
+
+        // --enable-preview - use preview VM features
+        String[] previousOptions = getCompileOptions();
+        try {
+            setCompileOptions("--enable-preview",
+                    "-source", Integer.toString(Runtime.version().feature()),
+                    "-Xlint:preview");
+
+            File dir = assertOK(true, source_withComponents);
+            File classFile = new File(dir, "IdentityRecord.class");
+            Assert.check(classFile.exists(), "missing class file");
+            var classModel = ClassFile.of().parse(classFile.toPath());
+            Assert.check(classModel.minorVersion() == ClassFile.PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION,
+                    "identity records should produce preview class files when compiled with preview enabled");
+            Assert.check(classModel.fields().stream().allMatch(f -> f.flags().has(AccessFlag.STRICT_INIT)),
+                    "identity record component instance field should be strictly initialized with preview enabled");
+            var constructor = classModel.methods()
+                    .stream()
+                    .filter(mm -> mm.methodName().equalsString(ConstantDescs.INIT_NAME))
+                    .findFirst()
+                    .orElseThrow();
+            System.err.println(constructor.toDebugString());
+            var stackMaps = constructor.code().orElseThrow().findAttribute(Attributes.stackMapTable()).orElseThrow();
+            Assert.check(stackMaps.entries().getFirst().frameType() == 246,
+                    "identity record constructor StackMapTable should declare unset fields with preview enabled");
+
+            dir = assertOK(true, source_noComponents);
+            classFile = new File(dir, "IdentityRecord.class");
+            Assert.check(classFile.exists(), "missing class file");
+            Assert.check(ClassFile.of().parse(classFile.toPath()).minorVersion() == 0,
+                    "identity records with no components should not produce preview class files even with preview enabled");
+        } finally {
+            setCompileOptions(previousOptions);
+        }
+
+        // No preview - no preview VM features
+        previousOptions = getCompileOptions();
+        try {
+            setCompileOptions("-source", "28");
+
+            File dir = assertOK(true, source_withComponents);
+            File classFile = new File(dir, "IdentityRecord.class");
+            Assert.check(classFile.exists(), "missing class file");
+            var classModel = ClassFile.of().parse(classFile.toPath());
+            Assert.check(classModel.minorVersion() == 0,
+                    "identity records should not preview class files for older releases");
+            Assert.check(classModel.fields().stream().noneMatch(f -> f.flags().has(AccessFlag.STRICT_INIT)),
+                    "identity record component instance field should not be strictly initialized for older releases");
+            var constructor = classModel.methods()
+                    .stream()
+                    .filter(mm -> mm.methodName().equalsString(ConstantDescs.INIT_NAME))
+                    .findFirst()
+                    .orElseThrow();
+            var stackMaps = constructor.code().orElseThrow().findAttribute(Attributes.stackMapTable()).orElseThrow();
+            Assert.check(stackMaps.entries().getFirst().frameType() != 246,
+                    "identity record constructor StackMapTable should not declare unset fields for older releases");
+
+            dir = assertOK(true, source_noComponents);
+            classFile = new File(dir, "IdentityRecord.class");
+            Assert.check(classFile.exists(), "missing class file");
+            Assert.check(ClassFile.of().parse(classFile.toPath()).minorVersion() == 0,
+                    "identity records with no components should not produce preview class files for older releases");
+        } finally {
+            setCompileOptions(previousOptions);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/ValueObjectsBinaryCompatibilityTests.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/ValueObjectsBinaryCompatibilityTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..89ba8a8ef1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/ValueObjectsBinaryCompatibilityTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test 8292817
+ * @summary binary compatibility tests for value objects
+ * @library /tools/lib
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.api
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.main
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.code
+ * @build toolbox.ToolBox toolbox.JavacTask
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main ValueObjectsBinaryCompatibilityTests
+ */
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+
+import toolbox.TestRunner;
+import toolbox.ToolBox;
+import toolbox.JavaTask;
+import toolbox.JavacTask;
+import toolbox.Task;
+
+public class ValueObjectsBinaryCompatibilityTests extends TestRunner {
+    ToolBox tb;
+
+    ValueObjectsBinaryCompatibilityTests() {
+        super(System.err);
+        tb = new ToolBox();
+    }
+
+    protected void runTests() throws Exception {
+        runTests(m -> new Object[]{Paths.get(m.getName())});
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
+        new ValueObjectsBinaryCompatibilityTests().runTests();
+    }
+
+    Path[] findJavaFiles(Path... paths) throws IOException {
+        return tb.findJavaFiles(paths);
+    }
+
+    /* 1- compiles the first version of the source code, code1, along with the client source code
+     * 2- executes the client class just to make sure that it works, sanity check
+     * 3- compiles the second version, code2
+     * 4- executes the client class and makes sure that the VM throws the expected error or not
+     *    depending on the shouldFail argument
+     */
+    private void testCompatibilityAfterChange(
+            Path base,
+            String code1,
+            String code2,
+            String clientCode,
+            boolean shouldFail,
+            Class<?> expectedError) throws Exception {
+        Path src = base.resolve("src");
+        Path pkg = src.resolve("pkg");
+        Path src1 = pkg.resolve("Test");
+        Path client = pkg.resolve("Client");
+
+        tb.writeJavaFiles(src1, code1);
+        tb.writeJavaFiles(client, clientCode);
+
+        Path out = base.resolve("out");
+        Files.createDirectories(out);
+
+        new JavacTask(tb)
+                .outdir(out)
+                .options("--enable-preview", "-source", String.valueOf(Runtime.version().feature()))
+                .files(findJavaFiles(pkg))
+                .run();
+
+        // let's execute to check that it's working
+        String output = new JavaTask(tb)
+                .classpath(out.toString())
+                .classArgs("pkg.Client")
+                .vmOptions("--enable-preview")
+                .run()
+                .writeAll()
+                .getOutput(Task.OutputKind.STDOUT);
+
+        // let's first check that it runs wo issues
+        if (!output.contains("Hello World!")) {
+            throw new AssertionError("execution of Client didn't finish");
+        }
+
+        // now lets change the first class
+        tb.writeJavaFiles(src1, code2);
+
+        new JavacTask(tb)
+                .outdir(out)
+                .files(findJavaFiles(src1))
+                .options("--enable-preview", "-source", String.valueOf(Runtime.version().feature()))
+                .run();
+
+        if (shouldFail) {
+            // let's now check that we get the expected error
+            output = new JavaTask(tb)
+                    .classpath(out.toString())
+                    .classArgs("pkg.Client")
+                    .vmOptions("--enable-preview")
+                    .run(Task.Expect.FAIL)
+                    .writeAll()
+                    .getOutput(Task.OutputKind.STDERR);
+            if (!output.contains(expectedError.getName())) {
+                throw new AssertionError(expectedError.getName() + " expected");
+            }
+        } else {
+            new JavaTask(tb)
+                    .classpath(out.toString())
+                    .classArgs("pkg.Client")
+                    .vmOptions("--enable-preview")
+                    .run(Task.Expect.SUCCESS);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testAbstractValueToValueClass(Path base) throws Exception {
+        /* Removing the abstract modifier from a value class declaration has the side-effect of making the class final,
+         * with binary compatibility risks outlined in 13.4.2.3
+         */
+        testCompatibilityAfterChange(
+                base,
+                """
+                package pkg;
+                public abstract value class A {}
+                """,
+                """
+                package pkg;
+                public value class A {}
+                """,
+                """
+                package pkg;
+                public value class Client extends A {
+                    public static void main(String... args) {
+                        System.out.println("Hello World!");
+                    }
+                }
+                """,
+                true,
+                IncompatibleClassChangeError.class
+        );
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testAbstractOrFinalIdentityToValueClass(Path base) throws Exception {
+        /* Modifying an abstract or final identity class to be a value class does not break compatibility
+         * with pre-existing binaries
+         */
+        testCompatibilityAfterChange(
+                base,
+                """
+                package pkg;
+                public abstract class A {}
+                """,
+                """
+                package pkg;
+                public abstract value class A {}
+                """,
+                """
+                package pkg;
+                public class Client extends A {
+                    public static void main(String... args) {
+                        System.out.println("Hello World!");
+                    }
+                }
+                """,
+                false,
+                null
+        );
+
+        testCompatibilityAfterChange(
+                base,
+                """
+                package pkg;
+                public final class A {}
+                """,
+                """
+                package pkg;
+                public final value class A {}
+                """,
+                """
+                package pkg;
+                public class Client {
+                    A a;
+                    public static void main(String... args) {
+                        System.out.println("Hello World!");
+                    }
+                }
+                """,
+                false,
+                null
+        );
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testAddingValueModifier(Path base) throws Exception {
+        /* Adding the value modifier to a non-abstract, non-final class declaration has the side-effect of making
+         * the class final, with binary compatibility risks outlined in 13.4.2.3
+         */
+        testCompatibilityAfterChange(
+                base,
+                """
+                package pkg;
+                public class A {}
+                """,
+                """
+                package pkg;
+                public value class A {}
+                """,
+                """
+                package pkg;
+                public class Client extends A {
+                    public static void main(String... args) {
+                        System.out.println("Hello World!");
+                    }
+                }
+                """,
+                true,
+                IncompatibleClassChangeError.class
+        );
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testValueToIdentityClass(Path base) throws Exception {
+        /* If a value class is changed to be an identity class, then an IncompatibleClassChangeError is thrown if a
+         * binary of a pre-existing value subclass of this class is loaded
+         */
+        testCompatibilityAfterChange(
+                base,
+                """
+                package pkg;
+                public abstract value class A {}
+                """,
+                """
+                package pkg;
+                public abstract class A {}
+                """,
+                """
+                package pkg;
+                public value class Client extends A {
+                    public static void main(String... args) {
+                        System.out.println("Hello World!");
+                    }
+                }
+                """,
+                true,
+                IncompatibleClassChangeError.class
+        );
+        /* Removing the value modifier from a non-abstract value class does not break compatibility with
+         * pre-existing binaries.
+         */
+        testCompatibilityAfterChange(
+                base,
+                """
+                package pkg;
+                public value class A {}
+                """,
+                """
+                package pkg;
+                public class A {}
+                """,
+                """
+                package pkg;
+                public class Client {
+                    public static void main(String... args) {
+                        A a = new A();
+                        System.out.println("Hello World!");
+                    }
+                }
+                """,
+                false,
+                null
+        );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javap/4870651/T4870651.java b/test/langtools/tools/javap/4870651/T4870651.java
index dd1536db859..38281f55d36 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javap/4870651/T4870651.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javap/4870651/T4870651.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -22,13 +22,25 @@
  */
 
 /*
- * @test
+ * @test id=zeroClass
  * @bug 4870651 6715757
  * @summary javap should recognize generics, varargs, enum;
  *          javap prints "extends java.lang.Object"
  * @modules jdk.jdeps/com.sun.tools.javap
- * @build T4870651 Test
- * @run main T4870651
+ * @compile Test.java
+ * @run main/othervm -DpreviewClass=false T4870651
+ * @comment runtime in preview or not should not affect javac/javap behavior
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=previewClass
+ * @bug 4870651 6715757
+ * @summary javap should recognize generics, varargs, enum;
+ *          javap prints "extends java.lang.Object"
+ * @modules jdk.jdeps/com.sun.tools.javap
+ * @compile --enable-preview -source ${jdk.version} -XDforcePreview Test.java
+ * @run main/othervm -DpreviewClass=true T4870651
+ * @comment runtime in preview or not should not affect javac/javap behavior
  */
 
 import java.io.*;
@@ -46,7 +58,9 @@ public void run() throws IOException {
                "v1(java.lang.String...)");
 
         verify("Test$Enum",
-               "flags: (0x4030) ACC_FINAL, ACC_SUPER, ACC_ENUM",
+               Boolean.getBoolean("previewClass") // .65535 instead of .0
+                       ? "flags: (0x4030) ACC_FINAL, ACC_IDENTITY, ACC_ENUM"
+                       : "flags: (0x4030) ACC_FINAL, ACC_SUPER, ACC_ENUM",
                "flags: (0x4019) ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_STATIC, ACC_FINAL, ACC_ENUM");
 
         if (errors > 0)
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javap/4870651/Test.java b/test/langtools/tools/javap/4870651/Test.java
index 3338445219a..70befb83246 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javap/4870651/Test.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javap/4870651/Test.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -73,4 +73,6 @@ class Inner2<Q> extends Inner<Q> { }
     class Simple { }
 
     enum Enum { e1, e2, e3 }
+
+    record Record() {} // triggers -XDforcePreview
 }
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javap/T4975569.java b/test/langtools/tools/javap/T4975569.java
index ce75ba84586..884ab5f3faf 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javap/T4975569.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javap/T4975569.java
@@ -22,10 +22,27 @@
  */
 
 /*
- * @test
+ * @test id=NoPreview
  * @bug 4975569 6622215 8034861
  * @summary javap doesn't print new flag bits
  * @modules jdk.jdeps/com.sun.tools.javap
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @comment Ensure that that this test is skipped if the test is run on a preview enabled
+            VM as the compiled test class has not been forced into preview mode.
+            Valhalla affects the outcome.
+ * @requires !java.enablePreview
+ * @run main T4975569
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=Preview
+ * @bug 4975569 6622215 8034861
+ * @summary javap doesn't print new flag bits - Preview
+ * @modules jdk.jdeps/com.sun.tools.javap
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile -XDforcePreview T4975569.java
+ * @run main T4975569
  */
 
 import java.io.*;
@@ -33,6 +50,8 @@
 import java.util.regex.Matcher;
 import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
+
 public class T4975569 {
     private static final String NEW_LINE = System.getProperty("line.separator");
     private static final String TEST_CLASSES = System.getProperty("test.classes", ".");
@@ -41,9 +60,16 @@ public static void main(String... args) {
         new T4975569().run();
     }
 
+    T4975569() {
+        System.currentTimeMillis();
+        super(); // Trigger forced preview
+    }
+
     void run() {
         verify(Anno.class.getName(), "flags: \\(0x2600\\) ACC_INTERFACE, ACC_ABSTRACT, ACC_ANNOTATION");
-        verify(E.class.getName(),    "flags: \\(0x4030\\) ACC_FINAL, ACC_SUPER, ACC_ENUM");
+        verify(E.class.getName(), PreviewFeatures.isEnabled()
+                ? "flags: \\(0x4030\\) ACC_FINAL, ACC_IDENTITY, ACC_ENUM"
+                : "flags: \\(0x4030\\) ACC_FINAL, ACC_SUPER, ACC_ENUM");
         verify(S.class.getName(),    "flags: \\(0x1040\\) ACC_BRIDGE, ACC_SYNTHETIC",
                                      "InnerClasses:\n  static [# =\\w]+; +// ");
         verify(V.class.getName(),    "void m\\(java.lang.String...\\)",
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javap/UndefinedAccessFlagTest.java b/test/langtools/tools/javap/UndefinedAccessFlagTest.java
index 682483223ae..551f2040010 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javap/UndefinedAccessFlagTest.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javap/UndefinedAccessFlagTest.java
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ void test(TestLocation location) throws Throwable {
                     });
                 case InnerClassesAttribute attr when location == TestLocation.INNER_CLASS -> cb
                     .with(InnerClassesAttribute.of(attr.classes().stream()
-                        .map(ic -> InnerClassInfo.of(ic.innerClass(), ic.outerClass(), ic.innerName(), ic.flagsMask() | ACC_SUPER))
+                        .map(ic -> InnerClassInfo.of(ic.innerClass(), ic.outerClass(), ic.innerName(), ic.flagsMask() | 0x0050))
                         .toList()));
                 default -> cb.with(ce);
             }
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javap/value_classes/ValueClassesJavapTest.java b/test/langtools/tools/javap/value_classes/ValueClassesJavapTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..54a90430573
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javap/value_classes/ValueClassesJavapTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8335770 8375740
+ * @summary improve javap code coverage for value classes
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library /tools/lib
+ * @modules jdk.jdeps/com.sun.tools.javap
+ * @build toolbox.ToolBox toolbox.JavapTask
+ * @run main ValueClassesJavapTest
+ */
+
+import java.nio.file.*;
+import java.util.*;
+
+import toolbox.JavapTask;
+import toolbox.TestRunner;
+import toolbox.ToolBox;
+import toolbox.Task;
+
+public class ValueClassesJavapTest extends TestRunner {
+    ToolBox tb = new ToolBox();
+
+    abstract value class AbstractValueClass {}
+    value class ValueClass {}
+    class IdentityClass {
+        ValueClass val;
+    }
+    class IdentityClass2 {
+        void m(ValueClass param) {}
+    }
+
+    private static final List<String> expectedValueClassOutput = List.of(
+            "Compiled from \"ValueClassesJavapTest.java\"",
+            "final value class ValueClassesJavapTest$ValueClass {",
+            "  ValueClassesJavapTest$ValueClass(ValueClassesJavapTest);",
+            "}");
+    private static final List<String> expectedAbstractValueClassOutput = List.of(
+            "Compiled from \"ValueClassesJavapTest.java\"",
+            "abstract value class ValueClassesJavapTest$AbstractValueClass {",
+            "  ValueClassesJavapTest$AbstractValueClass(ValueClassesJavapTest);",
+            "}");
+    private static final List<String> expectedLoadableDescriptorOutput = List.of(
+            "LoadableDescriptors:",
+            "  LValueClassesJavapTest$ValueClass;"
+    );
+    private static final List<String> expectedIdentityClassOutput = """
+            Compiled from "ValueClassesJavapTest.java"
+            class ValueClassesJavapTest$IdentityClass {
+              ValueClassesJavapTest$ValueClass val;
+              ValueClassesJavapTest$IdentityClass(ValueClassesJavapTest);
+            }
+            """.lines().toList();
+    private static final List<String> expectedIdentityClass2Output = """
+            Compiled from "ValueClassesJavapTest.java"
+            class ValueClassesJavapTest$IdentityClass2 {
+              ValueClassesJavapTest$IdentityClass2(ValueClassesJavapTest);
+              void m(ValueClassesJavapTest$ValueClass);
+            }
+            """.lines().toList();
+
+    ValueClassesJavapTest() throws Exception {
+        super(System.err);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
+        ValueClassesJavapTest tester = new ValueClassesJavapTest();
+        tester.runTests();
+    }
+
+    protected void runTests() throws Exception {
+        runTests(m -> new Object[] { Paths.get(m.getName()) });
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testMain(Path base) throws Exception {
+        Path testClassesPath = Paths.get(System.getProperty("test.classes"));
+        List<String> output = new JavapTask(tb)
+                .options("-p", testClassesPath.resolve(this.getClass().getSimpleName() + "$ValueClass.class").toString())
+                .run()
+                .writeAll()
+                .getOutputLines(Task.OutputKind.DIRECT);
+        System.out.println(output);
+        if (!output.equals(expectedValueClassOutput)) {
+            throw new AssertionError(String.format("unexpected output:\n %s", output));
+        }
+
+        output = new JavapTask(tb)
+                .options("-p", testClassesPath.resolve(this.getClass().getSimpleName() + "$AbstractValueClass.class").toString())
+                .run()
+                .writeAll()
+                .getOutputLines(Task.OutputKind.DIRECT);
+        System.out.println(output);
+        if (!output.equals(expectedAbstractValueClassOutput)) {
+            throw new AssertionError(String.format("unexpected output:\n %s", output));
+        }
+
+        output = new JavapTask(tb)
+                .options("-p", testClassesPath.resolve(this.getClass().getSimpleName() + "$IdentityClass.class").toString())
+                .run()
+                .writeAll()
+                .getOutputLines(Task.OutputKind.DIRECT);
+        System.out.println(output);
+        if (!output.equals(expectedIdentityClassOutput)) {
+            throw new AssertionError(String.format("unexpected output:\n %s", output));
+        }
+
+        output = new JavapTask(tb)
+                .options("-p", "-v", testClassesPath.resolve(this.getClass().getSimpleName() + "$IdentityClass.class").toString())
+                .run()
+                .writeAll()
+                .getOutputLines(Task.OutputKind.DIRECT);
+        System.out.println(output);
+        if (!output.containsAll(expectedLoadableDescriptorOutput)) {
+            throw new AssertionError(String.format("unexpected output:\n %s", output));
+        }
+
+        output = new JavapTask(tb)
+                .options("-p", testClassesPath.resolve(this.getClass().getSimpleName() + "$IdentityClass2.class").toString())
+                .run()
+                .writeAll()
+                .getOutputLines(Task.OutputKind.DIRECT);
+        System.out.println(output);
+        if (!output.equals(expectedIdentityClass2Output)) {
+            throw new AssertionError(String.format("unexpected output:\n %s", output));
+        }
+
+        output = new JavapTask(tb)
+                .options("-p", "-v", testClassesPath.resolve(this.getClass().getSimpleName() + "$IdentityClass2.class").toString())
+                .run()
+                .writeAll()
+                .getOutputLines(Task.OutputKind.DIRECT);
+        System.out.println(output);
+        if (!output.containsAll(expectedLoadableDescriptorOutput)) {
+            throw new AssertionError(String.format("unexpected output:\n %s", output));
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/lib/toolbox/ToolBox.java b/test/langtools/tools/lib/toolbox/ToolBox.java
index 1cb2fa6d3f9..cc7dd401a75 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/lib/toolbox/ToolBox.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/lib/toolbox/ToolBox.java
@@ -872,12 +872,18 @@ private interface Content {
          */
         private final Map<Location, Map<String, Content>> files;
 
+        /**
+         * Whether the delegate is owned by this instance and should be closed when
+         * this instance is closed.
+         */
+        private final boolean shouldClose;
+
         /**
          * Constructs a memory file manager which stores output files in memory,
          * and delegates to a default file manager for input files.
          */
         public MemoryFileManager() {
-            this(ToolProvider.getSystemJavaCompiler().getStandardFileManager(null, null, null));
+            this(ToolProvider.getSystemJavaCompiler().getStandardFileManager(null, null, null), true);
         }
 
         /**
@@ -885,10 +891,20 @@ public MemoryFileManager() {
          * and delegates to a specified file manager for input files.
          *
          * @param fileManager the file manager to be used for input files
+         * @param shouldClose whether the delegate file manager should be closed
+         *     when this instance is closed
          */
-        public MemoryFileManager(JavaFileManager fileManager) {
+        public MemoryFileManager(JavaFileManager fileManager, boolean shouldClose) {
             super(fileManager);
-            files = new HashMap<>();
+            this.files = new HashMap<>();
+            this.shouldClose = shouldClose;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void close() throws IOException {
+            if (shouldClose) {
+                super.close();
+            }
         }
 
         @Override
diff --git a/test/lib-test/ProblemList-StaticJdk.txt b/test/lib-test/ProblemList-StaticJdk.txt
index fc3f2226100..7c14a255d26 100644
--- a/test/lib-test/ProblemList-StaticJdk.txt
+++ b/test/lib-test/ProblemList-StaticJdk.txt
@@ -41,3 +41,4 @@
 
 #############################################################################
 
+# Value Objects failures start here:
diff --git a/test/lib-test/ProblemList.txt b/test/lib-test/ProblemList.txt
index 6598210d4eb..ea9fdc8c948 100644
--- a/test/lib-test/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/lib-test/ProblemList.txt
@@ -54,3 +54,4 @@
 
 #############################################################################
 
+# Value Objects failures start here:
diff --git a/test/lib-test/jdk/test/lib/StrictProcessorTest.java b/test/lib-test/jdk/test/lib/StrictProcessorTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d9b159fa53d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/lib-test/jdk/test/lib/StrictProcessorTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/* @test
+ * @bug 8351362
+ * @summary Unit Test for StrictProcessor
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @build StrictProcessorTest
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor StrictProcessorTest$StrictTarget
+ * @run junit StrictProcessorTest
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictInit;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.*;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+
+class StrictProcessorTest {
+    @Test
+    void testReflectMyself() throws Throwable {
+        for (var field : StrictTarget.class.getDeclaredFields()) {
+            assertEquals(ACC_STRICT_INIT | ACC_FINAL, field.getModifiers(), () -> field.getName());
+        }
+        StrictTarget.class.getClasses();
+    }
+
+    static final class StrictTarget {
+        @StrictInit
+        final int a;
+        @StrictInit
+        final Object b;
+
+        StrictTarget() {
+            this.a = 1;
+            this.b = 2392352234L;
+            super();
+        }
+
+        // This one should not be represented as ACC_IDENTITY in
+        // InnerClasses attirbute
+        interface AnotherInterface {}
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/compiler/InMemoryJavaCompiler.java b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/compiler/InMemoryJavaCompiler.java
index 7a289bbcce5..ffbd5d7289a 100644
--- a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/compiler/InMemoryJavaCompiler.java
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/compiler/InMemoryJavaCompiler.java
@@ -258,6 +258,22 @@ public static byte[] compile(String className, CharSequence sourceCode, String..
                 opts.add(opt);
             }
         }
+
+        // Add in preview mode if -Dtest.java.opts
+        String testOpts = System.getProperty("test.java.opts", "");
+        if (testOpts.contains("--enable-preview")) {
+            opts.add("--enable-preview");
+            opts.add("-source");
+            opts.add(Integer.toString(Runtime.version().feature()));
+        } else {
+            String preview = System.getProperty("test.enable.preview", "");
+            if (preview.equals("true")) {
+                opts.add("--enable-preview");
+                opts.add("-source");
+                opts.add(Integer.toString(Runtime.version().feature()));
+            }
+        }
+
         try (FileManagerWrapper fileManager = new FileManagerWrapper(file, moduleOverride)) {
             CompilationTask task = getCompiler().getTask(null, fileManager, null, opts, null, Arrays.asList(file));
             if (!task.call()) {
diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/helpers/StrictInit.java b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/helpers/StrictInit.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..35c5a94f9b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/helpers/StrictInit.java
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package jdk.test.lib.helpers;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.lang.annotation.Target;
+import java.lang.reflect.AccessFlag;
+
+/// Annotated field should be marked as [AccessFlag#STRICT_INIT].
+/// This is recognized by [StrictProcessor] in specified classes.
+@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
+@Retention(RetentionPolicy.CLASS)
+public @interface StrictInit {
+}
diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/helpers/StrictProcessor.java b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/helpers/StrictProcessor.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7b090b6b7f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/helpers/StrictProcessor.java
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package jdk.test.lib.helpers;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
+import java.lang.classfile.*;
+import java.lang.classfile.attribute.InnerClassInfo;
+import java.lang.classfile.attribute.InnerClassesAttribute;
+import java.lang.classfile.attribute.RuntimeInvisibleAnnotationsAttribute;
+import java.lang.classfile.attribute.RuntimeVisibleAnnotationsAttribute;
+import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.Utf8Entry;
+import java.lang.constant.ClassDesc;
+import java.lang.reflect.AccessFlag;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import static java.lang.classfile.ClassFile.*;
+
+/// Updates a specified class to convert its [StrictInit]-annotated fields to
+/// be [AccessFlag.STRICT_INIT].
+///
+/// This processor takes arguments in this form:
+/// ```
+/// @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor <files>
+/// ```
+/// Note that:
+/// 1. Every class file to transform must be listed, such as nested classes.
+/// 2. The transformed class files must be already using explicit early
+///    construction context to initialize the non-static `@StrictInit` fields.
+///
+/// Here is an example usage in the jtreg directives, assuming you have a
+/// `MyTest.java` test file, and you are using `@StrictInit` in `MyTest` and
+/// its member class `MyInner`:
+/// ```
+/// @library /test/lib
+/// @build MyTest
+/// @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictProcessor MyTest MyTest$MyInner
+/// ```
+public final class StrictProcessor {
+    public static final String TEST_CLASSES = System.getProperty("test.classes", "").trim();
+    private static final ClassDesc CD_StrictInit = ClassDesc.of("jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictInit");
+    // NR will stay in jdk.internal for now until we expose as a more formal feature
+    private static final ClassDesc CD_NullRestricted = ClassDesc.of("jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted");
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        for (String name : args) {
+            byte[] bytes = findClassBytes(name);
+            bytes = patchStrictInit(bytes);
+            ClassFileInstaller.writeClassToDisk(name, bytes, TEST_CLASSES);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static byte[] findClassBytes(String className) {
+        ClassLoader cl = StrictProcessor.class.getClassLoader();
+
+        String pathName = className.replace('.', '/').concat(".class");
+
+        try (InputStream is = cl.getResourceAsStream(pathName)) {
+            if (is == null) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Failed to find " + pathName);
+            }
+            return is.readAllBytes();
+        } catch (IOException ex) {
+            throw new UncheckedIOException(ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static byte[] patchStrictInit(byte[] rawBytes) {
+        ClassModel cm = ClassFile.of().parse(rawBytes);
+
+        var classTransform = ClassTransform.transformingFields(FieldTransform.ofStateful(() -> new FieldTransform() {
+            int oldAccessFlags;
+            boolean nullRestricted;
+            boolean strictInit;
+
+            @Override
+            public void accept(FieldBuilder builder, FieldElement element) {
+                if (element instanceof AccessFlags af) {
+                    oldAccessFlags = af.flagsMask();
+                    return;
+                }
+                builder.with(element);
+                switch (element) {
+                    case RuntimeInvisibleAnnotationsAttribute riaa -> {
+                        for (Annotation anno : riaa.annotations()) {
+                            Utf8Entry descString = anno.className();
+                            if (descString.equalsString(CD_StrictInit.descriptorString())) {
+                                strictInit = true;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    case RuntimeVisibleAnnotationsAttribute rvaa -> {
+                        for (Annotation anno : rvaa.annotations()) {
+                            Utf8Entry descString = anno.className();
+                            if (descString.equalsString(CD_NullRestricted.descriptorString())) {
+                                nullRestricted = true;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    default -> {}
+                }
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void atEnd(FieldBuilder builder) {
+                if (strictInit) {
+                    oldAccessFlags |= ACC_STRICT_INIT;
+                }
+                builder.withFlags(oldAccessFlags);
+                assert !nullRestricted || strictInit : cm.thisClass().asInternalName();
+            }
+        }));
+
+        if (cm.minorVersion() != PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION) {
+            // We need to patch minor version and InnerClasses
+            classTransform = classTransform.andThen((clb, cle) -> {
+                if (cle instanceof InnerClassesAttribute ica) {
+                    // VM needs identity bit fixed
+                    List<InnerClassInfo> fixedInfos = ica.classes().stream()
+                            .map(info -> info.has(AccessFlag.INTERFACE) ? info :
+                                    InnerClassInfo.of(info.innerClass(),
+                                            info.outerClass(),
+                                            info.innerName(),
+                                            info.flagsMask() | ACC_IDENTITY))
+                            .toList();
+                    clb.with(InnerClassesAttribute.of(fixedInfos));
+                } else if (cle instanceof ClassFileVersion cfv) {
+                    clb.withVersion(cfv.majorVersion(), PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION);
+                } else {
+                    clb.with(cle);
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
+        return ClassFile.of().transformClass(cm, classTransform);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/jvmti/jvmti_common.hpp b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/jvmti/jvmti_common.hpp
index 6b9c18297f1..c0cf3469640 100644
--- a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/jvmti/jvmti_common.hpp
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/jvmti/jvmti_common.hpp
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ get_frame_method(jvmtiEnv *jvmti, JNIEnv* jni, jthread thread, jint depth) {
   jmethodID method;
   jlocation loc;
   jvmtiError err = jvmti->GetFrameLocation(thread, depth, &method, &loc);
-  check_jvmti_status(jni, err, "notifyFramePop: Failed in JVMTI GetFrameLocation");
+  check_jvmti_status(jni, err, "get_frame_method: error in JVMTI GetFrameLocation");
   return method;
 }
 
@@ -424,6 +424,46 @@ find_method(jvmtiEnv *jvmti, JNIEnv *jni, jclass klass, const char* mname) {
   return method;
 }
 
+static void
+log_object_class(jvmtiEnv *jvmti, JNIEnv *jni, jobject obj) {
+  jclass cls = jni->GetObjectClass(obj);
+  if (cls == nullptr) {
+    fatal(jni, "log_object_class: class is nullptr\n");
+    return;
+  }
+  char* sig = nullptr;
+  check_jvmti_error(jvmti->GetClassSignature(cls, &sig, nullptr), "GetClassSignature");
+
+  LOG(" - got an object of class: %s\n", sig);
+  jvmti->Deallocate((unsigned char *)sig);
+}
+
+static jobject
+get_local_object(jvmtiEnv *jvmti, JNIEnv *jni, jthread thread, jint depth, jint slot) {
+  LOG("GetLocalObject: depth: %d slot %d\n", (int)depth, (int)slot);
+  jobject obj = nullptr;
+  check_jvmti_error(jvmti->GetLocalObject(thread, depth, slot, &obj), "GetLocalObject");
+
+  log_object_class(jvmti, jni, obj);
+  return obj;
+}
+
+static jobject
+get_local_instance(jvmtiEnv *jvmti, JNIEnv *jni, jthread thread, jint depth) {
+  LOG("GetLocalInstance: depth: %d\n", (int)depth);
+  jobject obj = nullptr;
+  check_jvmti_error(jvmti->GetLocalInstance(thread, depth, &obj), "GetLocalInstance");
+
+  log_object_class(jvmti, jni, obj);
+  return obj;
+}
+
+static void
+set_local_object(jvmtiEnv *jvmti, jthread thread, jint depth, jint slot, jobject obj) {
+  LOG("SetLocalObject for slot %d\n", (int)slot);
+  check_jvmti_error(jvmti->SetLocalObject(thread, depth, slot, obj), "SetLocalObject");
+}
+
 // Wait for target thread to reach the required JVMTI thread state.
 // The state jint bitmask is returned by the JVMTI GetThreadState.
 // Some examples are:
diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/valueclass/AsValueClass.java b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/valueclass/AsValueClass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cdccdf2f645
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/valueclass/AsValueClass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package jdk.test.lib.valueclass;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.lang.annotation.Target;
+
+/**
+ * Marks a class as a value class candidate for testing purposes.
+ *
+ * When compiled with the ValueClassPlugin javac plugin active
+ * (via {@code -Xplugin:ValueClassPlugin}) and {@code --enable-preview},
+ * this annotation causes the annotated class to be treated as a value class.
+ * Without the plugin the class compiles and runs as a regular identity class,
+ * allowing the same test source to exercise both modes.
+ *
+ */
+@Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
+public @interface AsValueClass {}
diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/valueclass/VClass.java b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/valueclass/VClass.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..797c08592c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/valueclass/VClass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package jdk.test.lib.valueclass;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * A reusable value class helper for Collections tests.
+ * Wraps an int and an int array (x, arr), supports equality, ordering, and hashing.
+ * When compiled with -Xplugin:ValueClassPlugin --enable-preview this class
+ * is treated as a value class; otherwise it is a plain identity class,
+ * allowing the same tests to exercise both modes.
+ */
+@AsValueClass
+public final class VClass implements Comparable<VClass> {
+    public int x;
+    public int[] arr;
+    public VClass(int x, int[] arr) { this.x = x; this.arr = arr; }
+    public int compareTo(VClass other) {
+        int cmp = Integer.compare(x, other.x);
+        return cmp != 0 ? cmp : Arrays.compare(arr, other.arr);
+    }
+    public boolean equals(Object o) { return o instanceof VClass t && x == t.x && Arrays.equals(arr, t.arr); }
+    public int hashCode() { return 31 * x + Arrays.hashCode(arr); }
+}
diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/whitebox/WhiteBox.java b/test/lib/jdk/test/whitebox/WhiteBox.java
index c4b2da9beb0..7aec78ee601 100644
--- a/test/lib/jdk/test/whitebox/WhiteBox.java
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/whitebox/WhiteBox.java
@@ -159,6 +159,20 @@ public         int encodeConstantPoolIndyIndex(int index) {
     return encodeConstantPoolIndyIndex0(index);
   }
 
+  private native Object[] getObjectsViaKlassOopMaps0(Object thing);
+  public Object[] getObjectsViaKlassOopMaps(Object thing) {
+    Objects.requireNonNull(thing);
+    return getObjectsViaKlassOopMaps0(thing);
+  }
+
+  private native Object[] getObjectsViaOopIterator0(Object thing);
+  public Object[] getObjectsViaOopIterator(Object thing) {
+    Objects.requireNonNull(thing);
+    return getObjectsViaOopIterator0(thing);
+  }
+
+  public native Object[] getObjectsViaFrameOopIterator(int depth);
+
   private native int getFieldEntriesLength0(Class<?> aClass);
   public         int getFieldEntriesLength(Class<?> aClass) {
     Objects.requireNonNull(aClass);
@@ -733,10 +747,13 @@ public boolean concurrentGCRunTo(String breakpoint, boolean errorIfFail) {
   public native Long    getSizeTVMFlag(String name);
   public native String  getStringVMFlag(String name);
   public native Double  getDoubleVMFlag(String name);
-  private final List<Function<String,Object>> flagsGetters = Arrays.asList(
-    this::getBooleanVMFlag, this::getIntVMFlag, this::getUintVMFlag,
-    this::getIntxVMFlag, this::getUintxVMFlag, this::getUint64VMFlag,
-    this::getSizeTVMFlag, this::getStringVMFlag, this::getDoubleVMFlag);
+  private final List<Function<String,Object>> flagsGetters;
+  {
+      flagsGetters = Arrays.asList(
+          this::getBooleanVMFlag, this::getIntVMFlag, this::getUintVMFlag,
+          this::getIntxVMFlag, this::getUintxVMFlag, this::getUint64VMFlag,
+          this::getSizeTVMFlag, this::getStringVMFlag, this::getDoubleVMFlag);
+  }
 
   public Object getVMFlag(String name) {
     return flagsGetters.stream()
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/jdk/classfile/CodeAttributeTools.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/jdk/classfile/CodeAttributeTools.java
index f16535ba3ae..cf2a85feee1 100644
--- a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/jdk/classfile/CodeAttributeTools.java
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/jdk/classfile/CodeAttributeTools.java
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.SplitConstantPool;
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.StackCounter;
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.StackMapGenerator;
+import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.WritableField;
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
@@ -110,6 +111,7 @@ public void benchmarkStackMapsGenerator(Blackhole bh) {
                 d.bytecode(),
                 (SplitConstantPool)d.constantPool(),
                 (ClassFileImpl)ClassFile.of(),
+                WritableField.UnsetField.EMPTY_ARRAY,
                 d.handlers()));
     }
 
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/jdk/internal/jrtfs/ImageReaderBenchmark.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/jdk/internal/jrtfs/ImageReaderBenchmark.java
index 4da6d850ed0..f99e817a4ba 100644
--- a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/jdk/internal/jrtfs/ImageReaderBenchmark.java
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/jdk/internal/jrtfs/ImageReaderBenchmark.java
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Param;
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
@@ -40,15 +41,20 @@
 import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
-import java.nio.ByteOrder;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.regex.Matcher;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
 import static java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING;
+import static java.util.stream.Collectors.groupingBy;
+import static java.util.stream.Collectors.mapping;
+import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toList;
 
 /// Benchmarks for ImageReader. See individual benchmarks for details on what they
 /// measure, and their potential applicability for real world conclusions.
@@ -68,16 +74,14 @@ public class ImageReaderBenchmark {
     }
 
     /// NOT annotated with `@State` since it needs to potentially be used as a
-    /// per-benchmark or a per-iteration state object. The subclasses provide
+    /// per-trial or a per-iteration state object. The subclasses provide
     /// any lifetime annotations that are needed.
     static class BaseState {
         protected Path copiedImageFile;
-        protected ByteOrder byteOrder;
         long count = 0;
 
         public void setUp() throws IOException {
             copiedImageFile = Files.createTempFile("copied_jimage", "");
-            byteOrder = ByteOrder.nativeOrder();
             Files.copy(SYSTEM_IMAGE_FILE, copiedImageFile, REPLACE_EXISTING);
         }
 
@@ -87,14 +91,18 @@ public void tearDown() throws IOException {
         }
     }
 
+    /// A {@link Level#Trial per-trial} state which provides an image reader,
+    /// suitable for {@link Mode#AverageTime average time} benchmarks.
     @State(Scope.Benchmark)
-    public static class WarmStartWithImageReader extends BaseState {
+    public static class WarmStart extends BaseState {
+        @Param({"DISABLED", "ENABLED"})
+        PreviewMode previewMode;
         ImageReader reader;
 
         @Setup(Level.Trial)
         public void setUp() throws IOException {
             super.setUp();
-            reader = ImageReader.open(copiedImageFile, byteOrder, PreviewMode.DISABLED);
+            reader = ImageReader.open(copiedImageFile, previewMode);
         }
 
         @TearDown(Level.Trial)
@@ -103,8 +111,23 @@ public void tearDown() throws IOException {
         }
     }
 
+    @State(Scope.Benchmark)
+    public static class WarmStartWithCachedNodes extends WarmStart {
+        @Setup(Level.Trial)
+        public void setUp() throws IOException {
+            super.setUp();
+            countAllNodes(reader, reader.findNode("/"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// A {@link Level#Iteration per-iteration} state suitable for
+    /// {@link Mode#SingleShotTime single shot} benchmarks. Unlike
+    /// {@link WarmStart}, this state does not provide a reader instance.
     @State(Scope.Benchmark)
     public static class ColdStart extends BaseState {
+        @Param({"DISABLED", "ENABLED"})
+        PreviewMode previewMode;
+
         @Setup(Level.Iteration)
         public void setUp() throws IOException {
             super.setUp();
@@ -117,13 +140,13 @@ public void tearDown() throws IOException {
     }
 
     @State(Scope.Benchmark)
-    public static class ColdStartWithImageReader extends BaseState {
+    public static class ColdStartWithImageReader extends ColdStart {
         ImageReader reader;
 
         @Setup(Level.Iteration)
         public void setup() throws IOException {
             super.setUp();
-            reader = ImageReader.open(copiedImageFile, byteOrder, PreviewMode.DISABLED);
+            reader = ImageReader.open(copiedImageFile, previewMode);
         }
 
         @TearDown(Level.Iteration)
@@ -138,10 +161,49 @@ public void tearDown() throws IOException {
     /// so this benchmark should be fast and very stable.
     @Benchmark
     @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
-    public void warmCache_CountAllNodes(WarmStartWithImageReader state) throws IOException {
+    public void warmStart_CountAllNodes(WarmStartWithCachedNodes state) throws IOException {
         state.count = countAllNodes(state.reader, state.reader.findNode("/"));
     }
 
+    /// Benchmarks {@link ImageReader#containsResource(String, String)} when no
+    /// nodes have been cached in the {@link ImageReader}. In non-preview mode,
+    /// this should be identical to the case where nodes are cached (because the
+    /// cache isn't used) but in preview mode, the cache will be tested for
+    /// preview resources, and thus differ depending on whether nodes are present.
+    ///
+    /// This doesn't need to be a cold start because it never modifies the nodes
+    /// cache.
+    @Benchmark
+    @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+    public void warmStart_ContainsResource_emptyNodeCache(WarmStart state) throws IOException {
+        state.count = countContainsResource(state.reader, ClassList.pathMap());
+    }
+
+    /// As above, but the nodes cache has been filled, giving preview mode a
+    /// different code path.
+    @Benchmark
+    @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+    public void warmStart_ContainsResource_fullNodeCache(WarmStartWithCachedNodes state) throws IOException {
+        state.count = countContainsResource(state.reader, ClassList.pathMap());
+    }
+
+    /// As {@link #warmStart_ContainsResource_emptyNodeCache}, but tests
+    /// {@link ImageReader#findResourceNode(String, String)}.
+    @Benchmark
+    @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+    public void warmStart_FindResourceNode_emptyNodeCache(WarmStart state) throws IOException {
+        state.count = countFindResourceNode(state.reader, ClassList.pathMap());
+    }
+
+    /// As {@link #warmStart_ContainsResource_fullNodeCache}, but tests
+    /// {@link ImageReader#findResourceNode(String, String)}.
+    @Benchmark
+    @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+    public void warmStart_FindResourceNode_fullNodeCache(WarmStartWithCachedNodes state) throws IOException {
+        state.count = countFindResourceNode(state.reader, ClassList.pathMap());
+    }
+
+
     /// Benchmarks counting of all nodes in the system image from a "cold start". This
     /// visits all nodes in depth-first order and counts them.
     ///
@@ -150,12 +212,12 @@ public void warmCache_CountAllNodes(WarmStartWithImageReader state) throws IOExc
     @Benchmark
     @BenchmarkMode(Mode.SingleShotTime)
     public void coldStart_InitAndCount(ColdStart state) throws IOException {
-        try (var reader = ImageReader.open(state.copiedImageFile, state.byteOrder, PreviewMode.DISABLED)) {
+        try (var reader = ImageReader.open(state.copiedImageFile, state.previewMode)) {
             state.count = countAllNodes(reader, reader.findNode("/"));
         }
     }
 
-    /// As above, but includes the time to initialize the `ImageReader`.
+    /// As above, but excludes the time to initialize the `ImageReader`.
     @Benchmark
     @BenchmarkMode(Mode.SingleShotTime)
     public void coldStart_CountOnly(ColdStartWithImageReader state) throws IOException {
@@ -174,8 +236,8 @@ public void coldStart_CountOnly(ColdStartWithImageReader state) throws IOExcepti
     @BenchmarkMode(Mode.SingleShotTime)
     public void coldStart_LoadJavacInitClasses(Blackhole bh, ColdStart state) throws IOException {
         int errors = 0;
-        try (var reader = ImageReader.open(state.copiedImageFile, state.byteOrder, PreviewMode.DISABLED)) {
-            for (String path : INIT_CLASSES) {
+        try (var reader = ImageReader.open(state.copiedImageFile, state.previewMode)) {
+            for (String path : ClassList.names()) {
                 // Path determination isn't perfect so there can be a few "misses" in here.
                 // Report the count of bad paths as the "result", which should be < 20 or so.
                 Node node = reader.findNode(path);
@@ -186,9 +248,9 @@ public void coldStart_LoadJavacInitClasses(Blackhole bh, ColdStart state) throws
                 }
             }
         }
-        state.count = INIT_CLASSES.size();
+        state.count = ClassList.count();
         // Allow up to 2% missing classes before complaining.
-        if ((100 * errors) / INIT_CLASSES.size() >= 2) {
+        if ((100 * errors) / ClassList.count() >= 2) {
             reportMissingClassesAndFail(state, errors);
         }
     }
@@ -207,12 +269,39 @@ static long countAllNodes(ImageReader reader, Node node) {
         return count;
     }
 
+    static long countContainsResource(ImageReader reader, Map<String, List<String>> modToPaths)
+            throws IOException {
+        long count = 0;
+        for (Map.Entry<String, List<String>> e : modToPaths.entrySet()) {
+            String mod = e.getKey();
+            for (String path : e.getValue()) {
+                if (reader.containsResource(mod, path)) {
+                    count++;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return count;
+    }
+
+    static long countFindResourceNode(ImageReader reader, Map<String, List<String>> modToPaths) throws IOException {
+        long count = 0;
+        for (Map.Entry<String, List<String>> e : modToPaths.entrySet()) {
+            String mod = e.getKey();
+            for (String path : e.getValue()) {
+                if (reader.findResourceNode(mod, path) != null) {
+                    count++;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return count;
+    }
+
     // Run if the INIT_CLASSES list below is sufficiently out-of-date.
     // DO NOT run this before the benchmark, as it will cache all the nodes!
     private static void reportMissingClassesAndFail(ColdStart state, int errors) throws IOException {
         List<String> missing = new ArrayList<>(errors);
-        try (var reader = ImageReader.open(state.copiedImageFile, state.byteOrder, PreviewMode.DISABLED)) {
-            for (String path : INIT_CLASSES) {
+        try (var reader = ImageReader.open(state.copiedImageFile, state.previewMode)) {
+            for (String path : ClassList.names()) {
                 if (reader.findNode(path) == null) {
                     missing.add(path);
                 }
@@ -223,855 +312,888 @@ private static void reportMissingClassesAndFail(ColdStart state, int errors) thr
                         "Too many missing classes (%d of %d) in the hardcoded benchmark list.\n" +
                                 "Please regenerate it according to instructions in the source code.\n" +
                                 "Missing classes:\n\t%s",
-                        errors, INIT_CLASSES.size(), String.join("\n\t", missing)));
+                        errors, ClassList.count(), String.join("\n\t", missing)));
     }
 
-    // Note: This list is inherently a little fragile and may end up being more
-    // trouble than it's worth to maintain. If it turns out that it needs to be
-    // regenerated often when this benchmark is run, then a new approach should
-    // be considered, such as:
-    // * Limit the list of classes to non-internal ones.
-    // * Calculate the list dynamically based on the running JVM.
-    //
-    // Created by running "java -verbose:class", throwing away anonymous inner
-    // classes and anything without a reliable name, and grouping by the stated
-    // source. It's not perfect, but it's representative.
-    //
-    // <jdk_root>/bin/java -verbose:class HelloWorld 2>&1 \
-    //   | fgrep '[class,load]' | cut -d' ' -f2 \
-    //   | tr '.' '/' \
-    //   | egrep -v '\$[0-9$]' \
-    //   | fgrep -v 'HelloWorld' \
-    //   | fgrep -v '/META-INF/preview/' \
-    //   | while read f ; do echo "${f}.class" ; done \
-    //   > initclasses.txt
-    //
-    // Output:
-    //    java/lang/Object.class
-    //    java/io/Serializable.class
-    //    ...
-    //
-    // jimage list <jdk_root>/images/jdk/lib/modules \
-    //     | awk '/^Module: */ { MOD=$2 }; /^    */ { print "/modules/"MOD"/"$1 }' \
-    //     > fullpaths.txt
-    //
-    // Output:
-    //     ...
-    //     /modules/java.base/java/lang/Object.class
-    //     /modules/java.base/java/lang/OutOfMemoryError.class
-    //     ...
-    //
-    // while read c ; do grep "/$c" fullpaths.txt ; done < initclasses.txt \
-    //     | while read c ; do printf '    "%s",\n' "$c" ; done \
-    //     > initpaths.txt
-    //
-    // Output:
-    private static final Set<String> INIT_CLASSES = Set.of(
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Object.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/io/Serializable.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Comparable.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/CharSequence.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/constant/Constable.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/constant/ConstantDesc.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/String.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/AnnotatedElement.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/GenericDeclaration.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/Type.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/TypeDescriptor.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/TypeDescriptor$OfField.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Class.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Cloneable.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ClassLoader.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/System.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Throwable.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Error.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Exception.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/RuntimeException.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/security/ProtectionDomain.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/security/SecureClassLoader.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ReflectiveOperationException.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ClassNotFoundException.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Record.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/LinkageError.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/NoClassDefFoundError.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ClassCastException.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ArrayStoreException.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/VirtualMachineError.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/InternalError.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/OutOfMemoryError.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/StackOverflowError.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/IllegalMonitorStateException.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ref/Reference.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/IllegalCallerException.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ref/SoftReference.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ref/WeakReference.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ref/FinalReference.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ref/PhantomReference.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ref/Finalizer.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Runnable.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Thread.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Thread$FieldHolder.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Thread$Constants.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Thread$UncaughtExceptionHandler.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ThreadGroup.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/BaseVirtualThread.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/VirtualThread.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ThreadBuilders$BoundVirtualThread.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/Map.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/Dictionary.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/Hashtable.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/Properties.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Module.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/AccessibleObject.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/Member.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/Field.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/Parameter.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/Executable.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/Method.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/Constructor.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/ContinuationScope.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/Continuation.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/StackChunk.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodAccessor.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodAccessorImpl.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/ConstantPool.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/annotation/Annotation.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/CallerSensitive.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/ConstructorAccessor.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/ConstructorAccessorImpl.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/DirectConstructorHandleAccessor$NativeAccessor.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/MethodHandle.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/DirectMethodHandle.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandle.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/MemberName.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/ResolvedMethodName.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/MethodHandleNatives.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/LambdaForm.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/TypeDescriptor$OfMethod.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/MethodType.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/BootstrapMethodError.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/CallSite.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/foreign/abi/NativeEntryPoint.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/foreign/abi/ABIDescriptor.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/foreign/abi/VMStorage.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/foreign/abi/UpcallLinker$CallRegs.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/ConstantCallSite.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/MutableCallSite.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VolatileCallSite.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/AssertionStatusDirectives.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Appendable.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/AbstractStringBuilder.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/StringBuffer.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/StringBuilder.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/misc/UnsafeConstants.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/misc/Unsafe.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/Modules.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/AutoCloseable.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/io/Closeable.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/io/InputStream.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/io/ByteArrayInputStream.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/net/URL.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Enum.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/jar/Manifest.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/BuiltinClassLoader.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/ClassLoaders.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/ClassLoaders$PlatformClassLoader.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/security/CodeSource.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentMap.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/AbstractMap.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Iterable.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/Collection.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/SequencedCollection.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/List.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/RandomAccess.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/AbstractCollection.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/AbstractList.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/ArrayList.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/StackTraceElement.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/nio/Buffer.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/StackWalker.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/StackStreamFactory$AbstractStackWalker.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/StackWalker$StackFrame.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ClassFrameInfo.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/StackFrameInfo.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/LiveStackFrame.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/LiveStackFrameInfo.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractOwnableSynchronizer.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Boolean.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Character.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Number.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Float.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Double.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Byte.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Short.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Integer.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Long.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Void.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/Iterator.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/RecordComponent.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport$VectorPayload.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport$Vector.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport$VectorMask.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport$VectorShuffle.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/FillerObject.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/NullPointerException.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ArithmeticException.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/IndexOutOfBoundsException.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/io/ObjectStreamField.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/Comparator.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/String$CaseInsensitiveComparator.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/misc/VM.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Module$ArchivedData.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/misc/CDS.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/Set.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$AbstractImmutableCollection.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$AbstractImmutableSet.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$Set12.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/Objects.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$AbstractImmutableList.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$ListN.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$SetN.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$AbstractImmutableMap.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$MapN.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/access/JavaLangReflectAccess.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/ReflectAccess.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/access/SharedSecrets.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/ReflectionFactory.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/io/ObjectStreamClass.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Math.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/ReflectionFactory$Config.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/access/JavaLangRefAccess.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ref/ReferenceQueue.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ref/ReferenceQueue$Null.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/access/JavaLangAccess.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/util/SystemProps.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/util/SystemProps$Raw.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/nio/charset/Charset.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/nio/charset/spi/CharsetProvider.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/StandardCharsets.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/StringLatin1.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/HistoricallyNamedCharset.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/Unicode.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/UTF_8.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/StrictMath.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/util/ArraysSupport.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/Map$Entry.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$Node.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/LinkedHashMap$Entry.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$TreeNode.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/StringConcatHelper.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/VersionProps.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Runtime.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/locks/Lock.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/locks/ReentrantLock.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap$Segment.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap$CounterCell.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap$Node.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/locks/LockSupport.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap$ReservationNode.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/AbstractSet.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$EntrySet.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$HashIterator.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$EntryIterator.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/util/StaticProperty.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/io/FileInputStream.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/System$In.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/io/FileDescriptor.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/access/JavaIOFileDescriptorAccess.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/io/Flushable.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/io/OutputStream.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/io/FileOutputStream.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/System$Out.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/io/FilterInputStream.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/io/BufferedInputStream.class",
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-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/LabelContext.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/TerminalCodeBuilder.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/DirectCodeBuilder.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/CodeElement.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/PseudoInstruction.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/instruction/CharacterRange.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/instruction/LocalVariable.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/instruction/LocalVariableType.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/DirectCodeBuilder$DeferredLabel.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/BufWriter.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/BufWriterImpl.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/Label.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/instruction/LabelTarget.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/LabelImpl.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/invoke/util/VerifyType.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/Opcode.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/Opcode$Kind.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/MethodRefEntry.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry$MethodRefEntryImpl.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/invoke/empty/Empty.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/BytecodeHelpers.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/UnboundAttribute$AdHocAttribute.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractAttributeMapper$CodeMapper.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/FieldBuilder.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/TerminalFieldBuilder.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/DirectFieldBuilder.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/CustomAttribute.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AnnotationReader.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/ListIterator.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$ListItr.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/StackMapGenerator.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/StackMapGenerator$Frame.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/StackMapGenerator$Type.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/RawBytecodeHelper.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/RawBytecodeHelper$CodeRange.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassHierarchyImpl.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/ClassHierarchyResolver.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassHierarchyImpl$ClassLoadingClassHierarchyResolver.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassHierarchyImpl$CachedClassHierarchyResolver.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/ClassHierarchyResolver$ClassHierarchyInfo.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassHierarchyImpl$ClassHierarchyInfoImpl.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/ClassReader.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassReaderImpl.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/util/ModifiedUtf.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/MethodHandles$Lookup$ClassDefiner.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/IncompatibleClassChangeError.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/NoSuchMethodError.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/BootstrapMethodInvoker.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/AbstractValidatingLambdaMetafactory.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/InnerClassLambdaMetafactory.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/MethodHandleInfo.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/InfoFromMemberName.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$Access.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/access/JavaUtilCollectionAccess.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/Interfaces.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/InterfacesImpl.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/TypeConvertingMethodAdapter.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/DirectMethodHandle$Constructor.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/access/JavaLangInvokeAccess.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandle$AccessMode.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandle$AccessType.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/Invokers$Holder.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleInfo.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/io/DataInput.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/io/DataInputStream.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleInfo$CountingDataInput.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/ch/NativeThread.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/misc/Blocker.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/ch/Util.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/ch/Util$BufferCache.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/ch/IOStatus.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/util/ByteArray.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsShorts$ByteArrayViewVarHandle.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsShorts$ArrayHandle.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleGuards.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarForm.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsChars$ByteArrayViewVarHandle.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsChars$ArrayHandle.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsInts$ByteArrayViewVarHandle.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsInts$ArrayHandle.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsFloats$ByteArrayViewVarHandle.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsFloats$ArrayHandle.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsLongs$ByteArrayViewVarHandle.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsLongs$ArrayHandle.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsDoubles$ByteArrayViewVarHandle.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsDoubles$ArrayHandle.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandle$AccessDescriptor.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleInfo$ConstantPool.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleInfo$ConstantPool$Entry.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleInfo$ConstantPool$IndexEntry.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/nio/charset/StandardCharsets.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/US_ASCII.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/ISO_8859_1.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/UTF_16BE.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/UTF_16LE.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/UTF_16.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/UTF_32BE.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/UTF_32LE.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/UTF_32.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleInfo$ConstantPool$ValueEntry.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/ModuleDescriptor$Builder.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/ModuleDescriptor$Modifier.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag$Location.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/ModuleDescriptor$Requires$Modifier.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/ModuleDescriptor$Requires.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$KeySet.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$KeyIterator.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/Checks.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/ArrayList$Itr.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/ModuleDescriptor$Provides.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/Collections$UnmodifiableCollection.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/Collections$UnmodifiableSet.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$Values.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$ValueIterator.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$SetN$SetNIterator.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleInfo$Attributes.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleReferences.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/ModuleReader.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/UnixUriUtils.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/net/URI$Parser.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/ModuleReference.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleReferenceImpl.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/ModuleDescriptor$Exports.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/ModuleDescriptor$Opens.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/UnixException.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/io/IOException.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/ArchivedClassLoaders.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/ClassLoaders$BootClassLoader.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ClassLoader$ParallelLoaders.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/WeakHashMap.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/WeakHashMap$Entry.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/WeakHashMap$KeySet.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/security/Principal.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/URLClassPath.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/net/URLStreamHandlerFactory.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/net/URL$DefaultFactory.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/access/JavaNetURLAccess.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/net/www/ParseUtil.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/net/URLStreamHandler.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/net/www/protocol/file/Handler.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/net/util/IPAddressUtil.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/net/util/IPAddressUtil$MASKS.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/net/www/protocol/jar/Handler.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ServicesCatalog.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/AbstractClassLoaderValue.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/ClassLoaderValue.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/BuiltinClassLoader$LoadedModule.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/DefaultRoots.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/Spliterator.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$HashMapSpliterator.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$ValueSpliterator.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/StreamSupport.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/BaseStream.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/Stream.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/PipelineHelper.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/AbstractPipeline.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/ReferencePipeline.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/ReferencePipeline$Head.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/StreamOpFlag.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/StreamOpFlag$Type.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/StreamOpFlag$MaskBuilder.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/EnumMap.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Class$ReflectionData.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Class$Atomic.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/PublicMethods$MethodList.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/PublicMethods$Key.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/reflect/annotation/AnnotationParser.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleAccessorFactory.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleAccessorFactory$LazyStaticHolder.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/BoundMethodHandle.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/ClassSpecializer.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/BoundMethodHandle$Specializer.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/annotation/Stable.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/ClassSpecializer$SpeciesData.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/BoundMethodHandle$SpeciesData.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/ClassSpecializer$Factory.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/BoundMethodHandle$Specializer$Factory.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/SimpleMethodHandle.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/NoSuchFieldException.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/BoundMethodHandle$Species_L.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/DirectMethodHandle$Accessor.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/DelegatingMethodHandle.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/DelegatingMethodHandle$Holder.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/LambdaFormEditor.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/LambdaFormEditor$TransformKey.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/LambdaFormBuffer.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/LambdaFormEditor$Transform.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/DirectMethodHandleAccessor.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/Collectors.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/Collector$Characteristics.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/EnumSet.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/RegularEnumSet.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/Collector.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/Collectors$CollectorImpl.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/function/BiConsumer.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/DirectMethodHandle$Interface.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/InterfaceMethodRefEntry.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry$InterfaceMethodRefEntryImpl.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/function/BinaryOperator.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/ReduceOps.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/TerminalOp.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/ReduceOps$ReduceOp.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/StreamShape.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/Sink.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/TerminalSink.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/ReduceOps$AccumulatingSink.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/ReduceOps$Box.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$KeySpliterator.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/function/Predicate.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/ReferencePipeline$StatelessOp.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/Sink$ChainedReference.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleResolution.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/FindOps.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/FindOps$FindSink.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/FindOps$FindSink$OfRef.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/FindOps$FindOp.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/Spliterators.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/Spliterators$IteratorSpliterator.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/Configuration.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/Resolver.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ModuleLayer.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/SequencedSet.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/LinkedHashSet.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/SequencedMap.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/LinkedHashMap.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/ResolvedModule.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleLoaderMap$Mapper.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/AbstractClassLoaderValue$Memoizer.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ServicesCatalog$ServiceProvider.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/CopyOnWriteArrayList.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ModuleLayer$Controller.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleBootstrap$SafeModuleFinder.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/ContinuationSupport.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/Continuation$Pinned.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/launcher/LauncherHelper.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/sun/net/util/URLUtil.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/URLClassPath$Loader.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/URLClassPath$FileLoader.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/Resource.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/io/FileCleanable.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/security/SecureClassLoader$CodeSourceKey.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/security/PermissionCollection.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/security/Permissions.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/NamedPackage.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/misc/MethodFinder.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Readable.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/nio/CharBuffer.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/nio/HeapCharBuffer.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/nio/charset/CoderResult.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/IdentityHashMap$IdentityHashMapIterator.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/util/IdentityHashMap$KeyIterator.class",
-            "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Shutdown.class");
+    /// Note: This list is inherently a little fragile and may end up being more
+    /// trouble than it's worth to maintain. If it turns out that it needs to be
+    /// regenerated often when this benchmark is run, then a new approach should
+    /// be considered, such as:
+    /// * Limit the list of classes to non-internal ones.
+    /// * Calculate the list dynamically based on the running JVM.
+    /// * Build a custom jimage file similar to ImageReaderTest
+    private static final class ClassList {
+        /// Returns the names of resource nodes expected to be present in the
+        /// reader, excluding preview mode paths (i.e. "/META-INF/preview/").
+        private static Set<String> names() {
+            return INIT_CLASSES;
+        }
+
+        /// Returns the number of resources present.
+        private static int count() {
+            return INIT_CLASSES.size();
+        }
+
+        /// Returns the resource nodes represented as a map from module name to
+        /// resource path. This is suitable for testing functions like
+        /// {@link ImageReader#containsResource(String, String)} without the
+        /// overhead of splitting resource names during the trial.
+        private static Map<String, List<String>> pathMap() {
+            return MODULE_TO_PATHS;
+        }
+
+        // Created by running "java -verbose:class", throwing away anonymous inner
+        // classes and anything without a reliable name, and grouping by the stated
+        // source. It's not perfect, but it's representative.
+        //
+        // <jdk_root>/bin/java -verbose:class HelloWorld 2>&1 \
+        //   | fgrep '[class,load]' | cut -d' ' -f2 \
+        //   | tr '.' '/' \
+        //   | egrep -v '\$[0-9$]' \
+        //   | fgrep -v 'HelloWorld' \
+        //   | fgrep -v '/META-INF/preview/' \
+        //   | while read f ; do echo "${f}.class" ; done \
+        //   > initclasses.txt
+        //
+        // Output:
+        //    java/lang/Object.class
+        //    java/io/Serializable.class
+        //    ...
+        //
+        // jimage list <jdk_root>/images/jdk/lib/modules \
+        //     | awk '/^Module: */ { MOD=$2 }; /^    */ { print "/modules/"MOD"/"$1 }' \
+        //     > fullpaths.txt
+        //
+        // Output:
+        //     ...
+        //     /modules/java.base/java/lang/Object.class
+        //     /modules/java.base/java/lang/OutOfMemoryError.class
+        //     ...
+        //
+        // while read c ; do grep "/$c" fullpaths.txt ; done < initclasses.txt \
+        //     | while read c ; do printf '    "%s",\n' "$c" ; done \
+        //     > initpaths.txt
+        //
+        // Output:
+        private static final Set<String> INIT_CLASSES = Set.of(
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Object.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/Serializable.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Comparable.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/CharSequence.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/constant/Constable.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/constant/ConstantDesc.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/String.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/AnnotatedElement.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/GenericDeclaration.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/Type.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/TypeDescriptor.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/TypeDescriptor$OfField.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Class.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Cloneable.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ClassLoader.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/System.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Throwable.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Error.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Exception.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/RuntimeException.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/security/ProtectionDomain.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/security/SecureClassLoader.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ReflectiveOperationException.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ClassNotFoundException.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Record.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/LinkageError.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/NoClassDefFoundError.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ClassCastException.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ArrayStoreException.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/VirtualMachineError.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/InternalError.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/OutOfMemoryError.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/StackOverflowError.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/IllegalMonitorStateException.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ref/Reference.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/IllegalCallerException.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ref/SoftReference.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ref/WeakReference.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ref/FinalReference.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ref/PhantomReference.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ref/Finalizer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Runnable.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Thread.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Thread$FieldHolder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Thread$Constants.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Thread$UncaughtExceptionHandler.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ThreadGroup.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/BaseVirtualThread.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/VirtualThread.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ThreadBuilders$BoundVirtualThread.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Map.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Dictionary.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Hashtable.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Properties.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Module.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/AccessibleObject.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/Member.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/Field.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/Parameter.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/Executable.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/Method.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/Constructor.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/ContinuationScope.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/Continuation.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/StackChunk.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodAccessor.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodAccessorImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/ConstantPool.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/annotation/Annotation.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/CallerSensitive.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/ConstructorAccessor.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/ConstructorAccessorImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/DirectConstructorHandleAccessor$NativeAccessor.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/MethodHandle.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/DirectMethodHandle.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandle.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/MemberName.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/ResolvedMethodName.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/MethodHandleNatives.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/LambdaForm.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/TypeDescriptor$OfMethod.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/MethodType.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/BootstrapMethodError.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/CallSite.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/foreign/abi/NativeEntryPoint.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/foreign/abi/ABIDescriptor.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/foreign/abi/VMStorage.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/foreign/abi/UpcallLinker$CallRegs.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/ConstantCallSite.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/MutableCallSite.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VolatileCallSite.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/AssertionStatusDirectives.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Appendable.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/AbstractStringBuilder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/StringBuffer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/StringBuilder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/misc/UnsafeConstants.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/misc/Unsafe.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/Modules.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/AutoCloseable.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/Closeable.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/InputStream.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/ByteArrayInputStream.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/net/URL.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Enum.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/jar/Manifest.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/BuiltinClassLoader.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/ClassLoaders.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/ClassLoaders$PlatformClassLoader.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/security/CodeSource.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentMap.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/AbstractMap.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Iterable.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Collection.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/SequencedCollection.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/List.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/RandomAccess.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/AbstractCollection.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/AbstractList.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/ArrayList.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/StackTraceElement.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/Buffer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/StackWalker.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/StackStreamFactory$AbstractStackWalker.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/StackWalker$StackFrame.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ClassFrameInfo.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/StackFrameInfo.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/LiveStackFrame.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/LiveStackFrameInfo.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractOwnableSynchronizer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Boolean.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Character.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Number.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Float.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Double.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Byte.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Short.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Integer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Long.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Void.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Iterator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/RecordComponent.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport$VectorPayload.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport$Vector.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport$VectorMask.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/vector/VectorSupport$VectorShuffle.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/FillerObject.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/NullPointerException.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ArithmeticException.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/IndexOutOfBoundsException.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/ObjectStreamField.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Comparator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/String$CaseInsensitiveComparator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/misc/VM.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Module$ArchivedData.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/misc/CDS.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Set.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$AbstractImmutableCollection.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$AbstractImmutableSet.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$Set12.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Objects.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$AbstractImmutableList.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$ListN.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$SetN.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$AbstractImmutableMap.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$MapN.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/access/JavaLangReflectAccess.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/ReflectAccess.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/access/SharedSecrets.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/ReflectionFactory.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/ObjectStreamClass.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Math.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/ReflectionFactory$Config.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/access/JavaLangRefAccess.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ref/ReferenceQueue.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ref/ReferenceQueue$Null.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/access/JavaLangAccess.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/util/SystemProps.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/util/SystemProps$Raw.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/charset/Charset.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/charset/spi/CharsetProvider.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/StandardCharsets.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/StringLatin1.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/HistoricallyNamedCharset.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/Unicode.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/UTF_8.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/StrictMath.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/util/ArraysSupport.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Map$Entry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$Node.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/LinkedHashMap$Entry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$TreeNode.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/StringConcatHelper.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/VersionProps.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Runtime.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/locks/Lock.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/locks/ReentrantLock.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap$Segment.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap$CounterCell.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap$Node.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/locks/LockSupport.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap$ReservationNode.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/AbstractSet.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$EntrySet.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$HashIterator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$EntryIterator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/util/StaticProperty.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/FileInputStream.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/System$In.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/FileDescriptor.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/access/JavaIOFileDescriptorAccess.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/Flushable.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/OutputStream.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/FileOutputStream.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/System$Out.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/FilterInputStream.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/BufferedInputStream.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/FilterOutputStream.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/PrintStream.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/BufferedOutputStream.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/Writer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/OutputStreamWriter.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/StreamEncoder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/charset/CharsetEncoder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/UTF_8$Encoder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/charset/CodingErrorAction.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Arrays.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/ByteBuffer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/misc/ScopedMemoryAccess.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/function/Function.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/util/Preconditions.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/function/BiFunction.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/access/JavaNioAccess.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/HeapByteBuffer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/BufferedWriter.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Terminator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/misc/Signal$Handler.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/misc/Signal.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Hashtable$Entry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/misc/Signal$NativeHandler.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Integer$IntegerCache.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/misc/OSEnvironment.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Thread$State.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ref/Reference$ReferenceHandler.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Thread$ThreadIdentifiers.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ref/Finalizer$FinalizerThread.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/ref/Cleaner.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Collections.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Collections$EmptySet.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Collections$EmptyList.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Collections$EmptyMap.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/IllegalArgumentException.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/MethodHandleStatics.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/ClassFileFormatVersion.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/CharacterData.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/CharacterDataLatin1.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/util/ClassFileDumper.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/HexFormat.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Character$CharacterCache.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicInteger.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleBootstrap.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/ModuleDescriptor.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/MethodHandles.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/MemberName$Factory.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/Reflection.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/MethodHandles$Lookup.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$MapN$MapNIterator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/KeyValueHolder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/invoke/util/VerifyAccess.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/Modifier.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/access/JavaLangModuleAccess.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/File.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/DefaultFileSystem.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/FileSystem.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/UnixFileSystem.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/util/DecimalDigits.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModulePatcher.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleBootstrap$IllegalNativeAccess.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashSet.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleLoaderMap.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleLoaderMap$Modules.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleBootstrap$Counters.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ArchivedBootLayer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ArchivedModuleGraph.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/SystemModuleFinders.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/net/URI.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/access/JavaNetUriAccess.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/SystemModulesMap.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/SystemModules.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ExplodedSystemModules.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/file/Watchable.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/file/Path.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/file/FileSystems.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/DefaultFileSystemProvider.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/file/spi/FileSystemProvider.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/AbstractFileSystemProvider.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/UnixFileSystemProvider.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/LinuxFileSystemProvider.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/file/OpenOption.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/file/StandardOpenOption.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/file/FileSystem.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/UnixFileSystem.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/LinuxFileSystem.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/UnixPath.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/Util.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/StringCoding.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/UnixNativeDispatcher.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/BootLoader.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Module$EnableNativeAccess.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/NativeLibraries.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/ClassLoaderHelper.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap$CollectionView.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap$KeySetView.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/NativeLibraries$LibraryPaths.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/File$PathStatus.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/NativeLibraries$CountedLock.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/locks/ReentrantLock$Sync.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/locks/ReentrantLock$NonfairSync.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/NativeLibraries$NativeLibraryContext.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Queue.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Deque.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/ArrayDeque.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/ArrayDeque$DeqIterator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/NativeLibrary.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/NativeLibraries$NativeLibraryImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/security/cert/Certificate.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap$ValuesView.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Enumeration.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap$Traverser.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap$BaseIterator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap$ValueIterator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/file/attribute/BasicFileAttributes.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/file/attribute/PosixFileAttributes.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/UnixFileAttributes.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/UnixFileStoreAttributes.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/UnixMountEntry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/file/CopyOption.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/file/LinkOption.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/file/Files.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/NativeBuffers.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ThreadLocal.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/misc/CarrierThreadLocal.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/misc/TerminatingThreadLocal.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ThreadLocal$ThreadLocalMap.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ThreadLocal$ThreadLocalMap$Entry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/IdentityHashMap.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Collections$SetFromMap.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/IdentityHashMap$KeySet.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/NativeBuffer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/ref/CleanerFactory.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/ThreadFactory.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ref/Cleaner.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/ref/CleanerImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/ref/CleanerImpl$CleanableList.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/ref/CleanerImpl$CleanableList$Node.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ref/Cleaner$Cleanable.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/ref/PhantomCleanable.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/ref/CleanerImpl$CleanerCleanable.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/misc/InnocuousThread.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/NativeBuffer$Deallocator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/ref/CleanerImpl$PhantomCleanableRef.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/ModuleFinder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModulePath.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/jar/Attributes$Name.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/Array.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/perf/PerfCounter.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/perf/Perf.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/ch/DirectBuffer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/MappedByteBuffer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/DirectByteBuffer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/Bits.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicLong.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/misc/VM$BufferPool.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/LongBuffer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/DirectLongBufferU.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/zip/ZipConstants.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/zip/ZipFile.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/jar/JarFile.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/BitSet.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/access/JavaUtilZipFileAccess.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/access/JavaUtilJarAccess.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/jar/JavaUtilJarAccessImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Runtime$Version.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$List12.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Optional.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/file/attribute/DosFileAttributes.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/file/attribute/AttributeView.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/file/attribute/FileAttributeView.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/file/attribute/BasicFileAttributeView.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/file/attribute/DosFileAttributeView.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/file/attribute/UserDefinedFileAttributeView.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/UnixFileAttributeViews.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/DynamicFileAttributeView.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/AbstractBasicFileAttributeView.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/UnixFileAttributeViews$Basic.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/UnixFileAttributes$UnixAsBasicFileAttributes.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/file/DirectoryStream$Filter.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/file/Files$AcceptAllFilter.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/file/DirectoryStream.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/file/SecureDirectoryStream.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/UnixSecureDirectoryStream.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/UnixDirectoryStream.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/locks/ReadWriteLock.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/locks/ReentrantReadWriteLock.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/locks/ReentrantReadWriteLock$Sync.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/locks/ReentrantReadWriteLock$FairSync.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/locks/ReentrantReadWriteLock$Sync$ThreadLocalHoldCounter.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/locks/ReentrantReadWriteLock$ReadLock.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/locks/ReentrantReadWriteLock$WriteLock.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/UnixDirectoryStream$UnixDirectoryIterator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/file/attribute/FileAttribute.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/UnixFileModeAttribute.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/UnixChannelFactory.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/UnixChannelFactory$Flags.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Collections$EmptyIterator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/channels/Channel.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/channels/ReadableByteChannel.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/channels/WritableByteChannel.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/channels/ByteChannel.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/channels/SeekableByteChannel.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/channels/GatheringByteChannel.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/channels/ScatteringByteChannel.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/channels/InterruptibleChannel.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/channels/spi/AbstractInterruptibleChannel.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/channels/FileChannel.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/ch/FileChannelImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/ch/NativeDispatcher.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/ch/FileDispatcher.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/ch/UnixFileDispatcherImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/ch/FileDispatcherImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/ch/IOUtil.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/ch/Interruptible.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/ch/NativeThreadSet.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/ch/FileChannelImpl$Closer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/channels/Channels.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/ch/Streams.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/ch/SelChImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/channels/NetworkChannel.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/channels/SelectableChannel.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/channels/spi/AbstractSelectableChannel.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/ch/SocketChannelImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/ch/ChannelInputStream.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/LambdaMetafactory.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/function/Supplier.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/util/ReferencedKeySet.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/util/ReferencedKeyMap.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/util/ReferenceKey.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/util/StrongReferenceKey.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/MethodTypeForm.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/util/WeakReferenceKey.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/invoke/util/Wrapper.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/invoke/util/Wrapper$Format.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/constant/ConstantDescs.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/constant/ClassDesc.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/constant/ClassOrInterfaceDescImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/constant/ArrayClassDescImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/constant/ConstantUtils.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/constant/DirectMethodHandleDesc$Kind.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/constant/MethodTypeDesc.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/constant/MethodTypeDescImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/constant/MethodHandleDesc.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/constant/DirectMethodHandleDesc.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/constant/DirectMethodHandleDescImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/constant/DynamicConstantDesc.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/constant/PrimitiveClassDescImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/constant/DynamicConstantDesc$AnonymousDynamicConstantDesc.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/LambdaForm$NamedFunction.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/DirectMethodHandle$Holder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/invoke/util/ValueConversions.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/MethodHandleImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/Invokers.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/LambdaForm$Kind.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/NoSuchMethodException.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/LambdaForm$BasicType.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/TypeKind.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/LambdaForm$Name.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/LambdaForm$Holder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/InvokerBytecodeGenerator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/AnnotationElement.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/Annotation.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/ConstantPool.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/ConstantPoolBuilder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/TemporaryConstantPool.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/PoolEntry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/AnnotationConstantValueEntry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/Utf8Entry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry$Utf8EntryImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry$Utf8EntryImpl$State.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AnnotationImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/ClassFileElement.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/Attribute.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/ClassElement.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/MethodElement.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/FieldElement.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/attribute/RuntimeVisibleAnnotationsAttribute.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/Util$Writable.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractElement.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/UnboundAttribute.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/UnboundAttribute$UnboundRuntimeVisibleAnnotationsAttribute.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/Attributes.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/AttributeMapper.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractAttributeMapper.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractAttributeMapper$RuntimeVisibleAnnotationsMapper.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/AttributeMapper$AttributeStability.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/MethodHandleImpl$Intrinsic.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/SplitConstantPool.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/BootstrapMethodEntry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/BootstrapMethodEntryImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/EntryMap.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/Util.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/LoadableConstantEntry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/ClassEntry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry$AbstractRefEntry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry$AbstractNamedEntry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry$ClassEntryImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/function/Consumer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/ClassFile.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassFileImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/ClassFileBuilder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/ClassBuilder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractDirectBuilder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/DirectClassBuilder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AttributeHolder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/Superclass.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/SuperclassImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/attribute/SourceFileAttribute.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/UnboundAttribute$UnboundSourceFileAttribute.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractAttributeMapper$SourceFileMapper.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/BoundAttribute.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/MethodBuilder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/MethodInfo.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/TerminalMethodBuilder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/DirectMethodBuilder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/NameAndTypeEntry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry$AbstractRefsEntry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry$NameAndTypeEntryImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/MemberRefEntry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/FieldRefEntry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry$AbstractMemberRefEntry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry$FieldRefEntryImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/InvokerBytecodeGenerator$ClassData.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/CodeBuilder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/LabelContext.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/TerminalCodeBuilder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/DirectCodeBuilder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/CodeElement.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/PseudoInstruction.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/instruction/CharacterRange.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/instruction/LocalVariable.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/instruction/LocalVariableType.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/DirectCodeBuilder$DeferredLabel.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/BufWriter.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/BufWriterImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/Label.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/instruction/LabelTarget.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/LabelImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/invoke/util/VerifyType.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/Opcode.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/Opcode$Kind.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/MethodRefEntry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry$MethodRefEntryImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/invoke/empty/Empty.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/BytecodeHelpers.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/UnboundAttribute$AdHocAttribute.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractAttributeMapper$CodeMapper.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/FieldBuilder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/TerminalFieldBuilder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/DirectFieldBuilder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/CustomAttribute.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AnnotationReader.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/ListIterator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$ListItr.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/StackMapGenerator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/StackMapGenerator$Frame.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/StackMapGenerator$Type.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/RawBytecodeHelper.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/RawBytecodeHelper$CodeRange.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassHierarchyImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/ClassHierarchyResolver.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassHierarchyImpl$ClassLoadingClassHierarchyResolver.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassHierarchyImpl$CachedClassHierarchyResolver.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/ClassHierarchyResolver$ClassHierarchyInfo.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassHierarchyImpl$ClassHierarchyInfoImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/ClassReader.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ClassReaderImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/util/ModifiedUtf.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/MethodHandles$Lookup$ClassDefiner.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/IncompatibleClassChangeError.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/NoSuchMethodError.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/BootstrapMethodInvoker.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/AbstractValidatingLambdaMetafactory.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/InnerClassLambdaMetafactory.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/MethodHandleInfo.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/InfoFromMemberName.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$Access.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/access/JavaUtilCollectionAccess.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/Interfaces.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/InterfacesImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/TypeConvertingMethodAdapter.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/DirectMethodHandle$Constructor.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/access/JavaLangInvokeAccess.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandle$AccessMode.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandle$AccessType.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/Invokers$Holder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleInfo.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/DataInput.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/DataInputStream.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleInfo$CountingDataInput.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/ch/NativeThread.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/misc/Blocker.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/ch/Util.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/ch/Util$BufferCache.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/ch/IOStatus.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/util/ByteArray.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandles.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsShorts$ByteArrayViewVarHandle.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsShorts$ArrayHandle.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleGuards.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarForm.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsChars$ByteArrayViewVarHandle.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsChars$ArrayHandle.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsInts$ByteArrayViewVarHandle.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsInts$ArrayHandle.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsFloats$ByteArrayViewVarHandle.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsFloats$ArrayHandle.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsLongs$ByteArrayViewVarHandle.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsLongs$ArrayHandle.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsDoubles$ByteArrayViewVarHandle.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandleByteArrayAsDoubles$ArrayHandle.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/VarHandle$AccessDescriptor.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleInfo$ConstantPool.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleInfo$ConstantPool$Entry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleInfo$ConstantPool$IndexEntry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/charset/StandardCharsets.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/US_ASCII.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/ISO_8859_1.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/UTF_16BE.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/UTF_16LE.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/UTF_16.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/UTF_32BE.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/UTF_32LE.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/cs/UTF_32.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleInfo$ConstantPool$ValueEntry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/ModuleDescriptor$Builder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/ModuleDescriptor$Modifier.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/reflect/AccessFlag$Location.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/ModuleDescriptor$Requires$Modifier.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/ModuleDescriptor$Requires.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$KeySet.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$KeyIterator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/Checks.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/ArrayList$Itr.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/ModuleDescriptor$Provides.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Collections$UnmodifiableCollection.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Collections$UnmodifiableSet.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$Values.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$ValueIterator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/ImmutableCollections$SetN$SetNIterator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleInfo$Attributes.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleReferences.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/ModuleReader.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/UnixUriUtils.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/net/URI$Parser.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/ModuleReference.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleReferenceImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/ModuleDescriptor$Exports.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/ModuleDescriptor$Opens.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/nio/fs/UnixException.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/IOException.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/ArchivedClassLoaders.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/ClassLoaders$BootClassLoader.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ClassLoader$ParallelLoaders.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/WeakHashMap.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/WeakHashMap$Entry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/WeakHashMap$KeySet.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/security/Principal.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/URLClassPath.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/net/URLStreamHandlerFactory.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/net/URL$DefaultFactory.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/access/JavaNetURLAccess.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/net/www/ParseUtil.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/net/URLStreamHandler.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/net/www/protocol/file/Handler.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/net/util/IPAddressUtil.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/net/util/IPAddressUtil$MASKS.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/net/www/protocol/jar/Handler.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ServicesCatalog.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/AbstractClassLoaderValue.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/ClassLoaderValue.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/BuiltinClassLoader$LoadedModule.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/DefaultRoots.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Spliterator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$HashMapSpliterator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$ValueSpliterator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/StreamSupport.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/BaseStream.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/Stream.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/PipelineHelper.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/AbstractPipeline.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/ReferencePipeline.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/ReferencePipeline$Head.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/StreamOpFlag.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/StreamOpFlag$Type.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/StreamOpFlag$MaskBuilder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/EnumMap.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Class$ReflectionData.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Class$Atomic.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/PublicMethods$MethodList.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/PublicMethods$Key.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/reflect/annotation/AnnotationParser.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleAccessorFactory.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/MethodHandleAccessorFactory$LazyStaticHolder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/BoundMethodHandle.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/ClassSpecializer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/BoundMethodHandle$Specializer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/annotation/Stable.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/ClassSpecializer$SpeciesData.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/BoundMethodHandle$SpeciesData.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/ClassSpecializer$Factory.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/BoundMethodHandle$Specializer$Factory.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/SimpleMethodHandle.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/NoSuchFieldException.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/BoundMethodHandle$Species_L.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/DirectMethodHandle$Accessor.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/DelegatingMethodHandle.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/DelegatingMethodHandle$Holder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/LambdaFormEditor.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/LambdaFormEditor$TransformKey.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/LambdaFormBuffer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/LambdaFormEditor$Transform.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/reflect/DirectMethodHandleAccessor.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/Collectors.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/Collector$Characteristics.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/EnumSet.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/RegularEnumSet.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/Collector.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/Collectors$CollectorImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/function/BiConsumer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/invoke/DirectMethodHandle$Interface.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/InterfaceMethodRefEntry.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry$InterfaceMethodRefEntryImpl.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/function/BinaryOperator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/ReduceOps.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/TerminalOp.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/ReduceOps$ReduceOp.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/StreamShape.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/Sink.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/TerminalSink.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/ReduceOps$AccumulatingSink.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/ReduceOps$Box.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/HashMap$KeySpliterator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/function/Predicate.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/ReferencePipeline$StatelessOp.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/Sink$ChainedReference.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleResolution.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/FindOps.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/FindOps$FindSink.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/FindOps$FindSink$OfRef.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/stream/FindOps$FindOp.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Spliterators.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/Spliterators$IteratorSpliterator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/Configuration.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/Resolver.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ModuleLayer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/SequencedSet.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/LinkedHashSet.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/SequencedMap.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/LinkedHashMap.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/module/ResolvedModule.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleLoaderMap$Mapper.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/AbstractClassLoaderValue$Memoizer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ServicesCatalog$ServiceProvider.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/concurrent/CopyOnWriteArrayList.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/ModuleLayer$Controller.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/module/ModuleBootstrap$SafeModuleFinder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/ContinuationSupport.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/vm/Continuation$Pinned.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/launcher/LauncherHelper.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/sun/net/util/URLUtil.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/URLClassPath$Loader.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/URLClassPath$FileLoader.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/loader/Resource.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/io/FileCleanable.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/security/SecureClassLoader$CodeSourceKey.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/security/PermissionCollection.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/security/Permissions.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/NamedPackage.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/jdk/internal/misc/MethodFinder.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Readable.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/CharBuffer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/HeapCharBuffer.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/nio/charset/CoderResult.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/IdentityHashMap$IdentityHashMapIterator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/util/IdentityHashMap$KeyIterator.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Shutdown$Lock.class",
+                "/modules/java.base/java/lang/Shutdown.class");
+
+        private static final Pattern SPLIT_MODULE_AND_PATH = Pattern.compile("/modules/([^/]+)/(.*)");
+
+        private static final Map<String, List<String>> MODULE_TO_PATHS = INIT_CLASSES.stream()
+                .map(name -> {
+                    Matcher m = SPLIT_MODULE_AND_PATH.matcher(name);
+                    if (!m.matches()) {
+                        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Bad resource name: " + name);
+                    }
+                    return m.toMatchResult();
+                })
+                .collect(groupingBy(m -> m.group(1), mapping(m -> m.group(2), toList())));
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/ackermann/AckermannBase.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/ackermann/AckermannBase.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..55e44dd8a33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/ackermann/AckermannBase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.ackermann;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(3)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public abstract class AckermannBase {
+
+    // ackermann(1,1748) + ackermann(2,1897) + ackermann(3,8) == 9999999 invocations
+    // max depth - 3798
+    public static final int X1 = 1;
+    public static final int Y1 = 1748;
+    public static final int X2 = 2;
+    public static final int Y2 = 1897;
+    public static final int X3 = 3;
+    public static final int Y3 = 8;
+
+    public static final int OPI = 9999999;
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/ackermann/Identity.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/ackermann/Identity.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0ad0836fc23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/ackermann/Identity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.ackermann;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+
+public class Identity extends AckermannBase {
+
+    private static IdentityLong ack_identity(IdentityLong x, IdentityLong y) {
+        return x.value() == 0 ?
+                IdentityLong.valueOf(y.value() + 1) :
+                (y.value() == 0 ?
+                        ack_identity(IdentityLong.valueOf(x.value() - 1), IdentityLong.valueOf(1)) :
+                        ack_identity(IdentityLong.valueOf(x.value() - 1), ack_identity(x, IdentityLong.valueOf(y.value() - 1))));
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(OPI)
+    public long ackermann() {
+        return ack_identity(IdentityLong.valueOf(X1), IdentityLong.valueOf(Y1)).value()
+                + ack_identity(IdentityLong.valueOf(X2), IdentityLong.valueOf(Y2)).value()
+                + ack_identity(IdentityLong.valueOf(X3), IdentityLong.valueOf(Y3)).value();
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityLong {
+
+        public final long v0;
+
+        public IdentityLong(long v0) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+        }
+
+        public long value() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+        public static IdentityLong valueOf(long value) {
+            return new IdentityLong(value);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/ackermann/Primitive.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/ackermann/Primitive.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..85f0e326a3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/ackermann/Primitive.java
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.ackermann;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+
+public class Primitive extends AckermannBase {
+
+    private static long ack_primitive(long x, long y) {
+        return x == 0 ?
+                y + 1 :
+                (y == 0 ?
+                        ack_primitive(x - 1, 1) :
+                        ack_primitive(x - 1, ack_primitive(x, y - 1)));
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(OPI)
+    public long ackermann() {
+        return ack_primitive(X1, Y1)
+                + ack_primitive(X2, Y2)
+                + ack_primitive(X3, Y3);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/ackermann/Value.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/ackermann/Value.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..384bd1b2e72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/ackermann/Value.java
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.ackermann;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value extends AckermannBase {
+
+    private static ValueLong ack_value(ValueLong x, ValueLong y) {
+        return x.value() == 0 ?
+                ValueLong.valueOf(y.value() + 1) :
+                (y.value() == 0 ?
+                        ack_value(ValueLong.valueOf(x.value() - 1), ValueLong.valueOf(1)) :
+                        ack_value(ValueLong.valueOf(x.value() - 1), ack_value(x, ValueLong.valueOf(y.value() - 1))));
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(OPI)
+    public long ackermann_value() {
+        return ack_value(ValueLong.valueOf(X1), ValueLong.valueOf(Y1)).value()
+                + ack_value(ValueLong.valueOf(X2), ValueLong.valueOf(Y2)).value()
+                + ack_value(ValueLong.valueOf(X3), ValueLong.valueOf(Y3)).value();
+    }
+
+    private static InterfaceLong ack_value_as_Int(InterfaceLong x, InterfaceLong y) {
+        return x.value() == 0 ?
+                ValueLong.valueOf(y.value() + 1) :
+                (y.value() == 0 ?
+                        ack_value_as_Int(ValueLong.valueOf(x.value() - 1), ValueLong.valueOf(1)) :
+                        ack_value_as_Int(ValueLong.valueOf(x.value() - 1), ack_value_as_Int(x, ValueLong.valueOf(y.value() - 1))));
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(OPI)
+    public long ackermann_interface() {
+        return ack_value_as_Int(ValueLong.valueOf(X1), ValueLong.valueOf(Y1)).value()
+                + ack_value_as_Int(ValueLong.valueOf(X2), ValueLong.valueOf(Y2)).value()
+                + ack_value_as_Int(ValueLong.valueOf(X3), ValueLong.valueOf(Y3)).value();
+    }
+
+    public static interface InterfaceLong {
+        public long value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueLong implements InterfaceLong {
+
+        public final long v0;
+
+        public ValueLong(long v0) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+        }
+
+        public long value() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+        public static ValueLong valueOf(long value) {
+            return new ValueLong(value);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/FastPath.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/FastPath.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8622532bdfa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/FastPath.java
@@ -0,0 +1,719 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class FastPath {
+    public static final int SIZE = 100;
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int acmp(Object[] objects1, Object[] objects2) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            if (objects1[i] == objects2[i]) {
+                s += 1;
+            } else {
+                s -= 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+
+    // Homogeneous arrays, all go to fast path, all pairwise equal
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_eq(ObjStateHomogeneousAllEq st) {
+        return acmp(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    // Homogeneous arrays, all go to fast path, all pairwise unequal
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_neq(ObjStateHomogeneousAllNeq st) {
+        return acmp(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    // Homogeneous arrays, all go to fast path
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_eq_neq(ObjStateHomogeneousEqNeq st) {
+        return acmp(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    // Heterogeneous arrays, all go to fast path, all pairwise equal
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int heterogeneous_eq(ObjStateHeterogeneousAllEq st) {
+        return acmp(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    // Heterogeneous arrays, all go to fast path, all pairwise unequal but same type
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int heterogeneous_neq(ObjStateHeterogeneousAllNeq st) {
+        return acmp(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    // Heterogeneous arrays, all go to fast path, all pairwise of same type
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int heterogeneous_eq_neq(ObjStateHeterogeneousEqNeq st) {
+        return acmp(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    // Heterogeneous arrays, all cases with same types go to fast path, using migrated classes
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int numeric_classes(ObjStateNumeric st) {
+        return acmp(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    // Heterogeneous arrays, all cases with same types go to fast path, using single field user-defined classes
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int custom_single_field(ObjStateSingleField st) {
+        return acmp(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    // Heterogeneous arrays, all cases with same types go to fast path, using multi-field user-defined classes
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int custom_multi_field(ObjStateMultiField st) {
+        return acmp(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    // Heterogeneous arrays, nothing goes to fast path because the payload is too big for fast path
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int too_big(ObjStateTooBig st) {
+        return acmp(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    // Heterogeneous arrays, nothing goes to fast path because the payload contains an oop
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int with_oops(ObjStateWithOop st) {
+        return acmp(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    // Arrays of empty value objects, all equal, and fast path
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int empty_objects(ObjStateEmpty st) {
+        return acmp(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    // Arrays of empty value objects, all equal, and fast path
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int empty_objects_heterogeneous(ObjStateHeterogeneousEmpty st) {
+        return acmp(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    // All is identity objects
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int identity_objects(ObjStateIdentity st) {
+        return acmp(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    // Big mix of fast path value classes, no fast path value classes, identity classes and null
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int big_mix(ObjStateBigMix st) {
+        return acmp(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public abstract static class ObjStateHomogeneous {
+        Object[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        public void setup(int mode) {
+            arr1 = new Object[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new Object[SIZE];
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                switch (mode) {
+                    case 0:
+                        arr1[i] = new Integer(i);
+                        arr2[i] = new Integer(i);
+                        break;
+                    case 1:
+                        arr1[i] = new Integer(i);
+                        arr2[i] = new Integer(-i);
+                        break;
+                    case 2:
+                        arr1[i] = new Integer(i);
+                        if (i % 2 == 0) {
+                            arr2[i] = new Integer(i);
+                        } else {
+                            arr2[i] = new Integer(-i);
+                        }
+                        break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjStateHomogeneousAllEq extends ObjStateHomogeneous {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjStateHomogeneousAllNeq extends ObjStateHomogeneous {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjStateHomogeneousEqNeq extends ObjStateHomogeneous {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public abstract static class ObjStateHeterogeneous {
+        Object[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        public void setup(int mode) {
+            arr1 = new Object[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new Object[SIZE];
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                if (i % 2 == 0) {
+                    switch (mode) {
+                        case 0:
+                            arr1[i] = new Integer(i);
+                            arr2[i] = new Integer(i);
+                            break;
+                        case 1:
+                            arr1[i] = new Integer(i);
+                            arr2[i] = new Integer(-i);
+                            break;
+                        case 2:
+                            arr1[i] = new Integer(i);
+                            if (i % 4 == 0) {
+                                arr2[i] = new Integer(i);
+                            } else {
+                                arr2[i] = new Integer(-i);
+                            }
+                            break;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    switch (mode) {
+                        case 0:
+                            arr1[i] = new Short((short) i);
+                            arr2[i] = new Short((short) i);
+                            break;
+                        case 1:
+                            arr1[i] = new Short((short) i);
+                            arr2[i] = new Short((short) -i);
+                            break;
+                        case 2:
+                            arr1[i] = new Short((short) i);
+                            if (i % 4 == 1) {
+                                arr2[i] = new Short((short) i);
+                            } else {
+                                arr2[i] = new Short( (short) -i);
+                            }
+                            break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjStateHeterogeneousAllEq extends ObjStateHeterogeneous {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjStateHeterogeneousAllNeq extends ObjStateHeterogeneous {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjStateHeterogeneousEqNeq extends ObjStateHeterogeneous {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class ObjStateNumeric {
+        Object[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr1 = new Object[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new Object[SIZE];
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                switch (i % 6) {
+                    case 0:
+                        arr1[i] = new Integer(i);
+                        arr2[i] = new Integer(i);
+                        break;
+                    case 1:
+                        arr1[i] = new Integer(i);
+                        arr2[i] = new Integer(-i);
+                        break;
+                    case 2:
+                        arr1[i] = new Integer(i);
+                        arr2[i] = new Short((short)i);
+                        break;
+                    case 3:
+                        arr1[i] = new Short((short)i);
+                        arr2[i] = new Integer(i);
+                        break;
+                    case 4:
+                        arr1[i] = new Short((short)i);
+                        arr2[i] = new Short((short)i);
+                        break;
+                    case 5:
+                        arr1[i] = new Short((short)i);
+                        arr2[i] = new Short((short)-i);
+                        break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class CustomShort {
+        short s;
+        CustomShort(int s) {
+            this.s = (short)s;
+        }
+    }
+    static value class CustomChar {
+        char c;
+        CustomChar(int c) {
+            this.c = (char)c;
+        }
+    }
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class ObjStateSingleField {
+        Object[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr1 = new Object[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new Object[SIZE];
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                switch (i % 6) {
+                    case 0:
+                        arr1[i] = new CustomShort(i);
+                        arr2[i] = new CustomShort(i);
+                        break;
+                    case 1:
+                        arr1[i] = new CustomShort(i);
+                        arr2[i] = new CustomShort(-i);
+                        break;
+                    case 2:
+                        arr1[i] = new CustomShort(i);
+                        arr2[i] = new CustomChar(i);
+                        break;
+                    case 3:
+                        arr1[i] = new CustomChar(i);
+                        arr2[i] = new CustomShort(i);
+                        break;
+                    case 4:
+                        arr1[i] = new CustomChar(i);
+                        arr2[i] = new CustomChar(i);
+                        break;
+                    case 5:
+                        arr1[i] = new CustomChar(i);
+                        arr2[i] = new CustomChar(-i);
+                        break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class ShortByte {
+        short s;
+        byte b;
+        ShortByte(int s, int b) {
+            this.s = (short)s;
+            this.b = (byte)b;
+        }
+    }
+    static value class ByteByte {
+        byte b1;
+        byte b2;
+        ByteByte(int b1, int b2) {
+            this.b1 = (byte)b1;
+            this.b2 = (byte)b2;
+        }
+    }
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class ObjStateMultiField {
+        Object[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr1 = new Object[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new Object[SIZE];
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                switch (i % 6) {
+                    case 0:
+                        arr1[i] = new ShortByte(i, i);
+                        arr2[i] = new ShortByte(i, i);
+                        break;
+                    case 1:
+                        arr1[i] = new ShortByte(i, i);
+                        arr2[i] = new ShortByte(i, 0);
+                        break;
+                    case 2:
+                        arr1[i] = new ShortByte(i, 0);
+                        arr2[i] = new ByteByte(i, 0);
+                        break;
+                    case 3:
+                        arr1[i] = new ByteByte(i, i);
+                        arr2[i] = new ShortByte(i, 0);
+                        break;
+                    case 4:
+                        arr1[i] = new ByteByte(i, i);
+                        arr2[i] = new ByteByte(i, i);
+                        break;
+                    case 5:
+                        arr1[i] = new ByteByte(i, i);
+                        arr2[i] = new ByteByte(i, 0);
+                        break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class TooBigLongInt {
+        long first;
+        int second;
+        TooBigLongInt(long first, int second) {
+            this.first = first;
+            this.second = second;
+        }
+    }
+    static value class TooBigLongLong {
+        long first;
+        long second;
+        TooBigLongLong(long first, long second) {
+            this.first = first;
+            this.second = second;
+        }
+    }
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class ObjStateTooBig {
+        Object[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr1 = new Object[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new Object[SIZE];
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                switch (i % 6) {
+                    case 0:
+                        arr1[i] = new TooBigLongInt(i, i);
+                        arr2[i] = new TooBigLongInt(i, i);
+                        break;
+                    case 1:
+                        arr1[i] = new TooBigLongInt(i, i);
+                        arr2[i] = new TooBigLongInt(i, 0);
+                        break;
+                    case 2:
+                        arr1[i] = new TooBigLongInt(i, 0);
+                        arr2[i] = new TooBigLongLong(i, 0);
+                        break;
+                    case 3:
+                        arr1[i] = new TooBigLongLong(i, i);
+                        arr2[i] = new TooBigLongInt(i, 0);
+                        break;
+                    case 4:
+                        arr1[i] = new TooBigLongLong(i, i);
+                        arr2[i] = new TooBigLongLong(i, i);
+                        break;
+                    case 5:
+                        arr1[i] = new TooBigLongLong(i, i);
+                        arr2[i] = new TooBigLongLong(i, 0);
+                        break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class WithOopString {
+        String s;
+        WithOopString(String s) {
+            this.s = s;
+        }
+    }
+    static value class WithOopArray {
+        Integer[] s;
+        WithOopArray(int i) {
+            if (i % 4 == 0) {
+                this.s = null;
+            } else {
+                this.s = new Integer[]{i};
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class ObjStateWithOop {
+        Object[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr1 = new Object[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new Object[SIZE];
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                switch (i % 6) {
+                    case 0:
+                        arr1[i] = new WithOopString(String.valueOf(i));
+                        arr2[i] = new WithOopString(String.valueOf(i));
+                        break;
+                    case 1:
+                        arr1[i] = new WithOopString(String.valueOf(i));
+                        arr2[i] = new WithOopString(String.valueOf(-i));
+                        break;
+                    case 2:
+                        arr1[i] = new WithOopString(String.valueOf(i));
+                        arr2[i] = new WithOopArray(i);
+                        break;
+                    case 3:
+                        arr1[i] = new WithOopArray(i);
+                        arr2[i] = new WithOopString(String.valueOf(i));
+                        break;
+                    case 4:
+                        arr1[i] = new WithOopArray(i);
+                        arr2[i] = new WithOopArray(i);
+                        break;
+                    case 5:
+                        arr1[i] = new WithOopArray(i);
+                        arr2[i] = new WithOopArray(-i);
+                        break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class Empty {
+    }
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class ObjStateEmpty {
+        Object[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr1 = new Object[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new Object[SIZE];
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr1[i] = new Empty();
+                arr2[i] = new Empty();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    static value class OtherEmpty {
+    }
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class ObjStateHeterogeneousEmpty {
+        Object[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr1 = new Object[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new Object[SIZE];
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                switch (i % 4) {
+                    case 0:
+                        arr1[i] = new Empty();
+                        arr2[i] = new Empty();
+                        break;
+                    case 1:
+                        arr1[i] = new Empty();
+                        arr2[i] = new OtherEmpty();
+                        break;
+                    case 2:
+                        arr1[i] = new OtherEmpty();
+                        arr2[i] = new Empty();
+                        break;
+                    case 3:
+                        arr1[i] = new OtherEmpty();
+                        arr2[i] = new OtherEmpty();
+                        break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class ObjStateIdentity {
+        Object[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr1 = new Object[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new Object[SIZE];
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                switch (i % 6) {
+                    case 0:
+                        arr1[i] = String.valueOf(i);
+                        arr2[i] = String.valueOf(i);
+                        break;
+                    case 1:
+                        arr1[i] = String.valueOf(i);
+                        arr2[i] = String.valueOf(-i);
+                        break;
+                    case 2:
+                        arr1[i] = String.valueOf(i);
+                        arr2[i] = new int[]{i};
+                        break;
+                    case 3:
+                        arr1[i] = new int[]{i};
+                        arr2[i] = String.valueOf(i);
+                        break;
+                    case 4:
+                        arr1[i] = new int[]{i};
+                        arr2[i] = new int[]{i};
+                        break;
+                    case 5:
+                        arr1[i] = new int[]{i};
+                        arr2[i] = new int[]{-i};
+                        break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class ObjStateBigMix {
+        Object[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr1 = new Object[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new Object[SIZE];
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                switch (i % 11) {
+                    case 0:
+                        arr1[i] = new Integer(i);
+                        arr2[i] = new Integer(i);
+                        break;
+                    case 1:
+                        arr1[i] = new Integer(i);
+                        arr2[i] = new Integer(-i);
+                        break;
+                    case 2:
+                        arr1[i] = new Integer(i);
+                        arr2[i] = String.valueOf(i);
+                        break;
+                    case 3:
+                        arr1[i] = new TooBigLongInt(i, 0);
+                        arr2[i] = new Integer(i);
+                        break;
+                    case 4:
+                        arr1[i] = String.valueOf(i);
+                        arr2[i] = String.valueOf(i);
+                        break;
+                    case 5:
+                        arr1[i] = String.valueOf(-i);
+                        arr2[i] = String.valueOf(i);
+                        break;
+                    case 6:
+                        arr1[i] = new TooBigLongInt(i, 0);
+                        arr2[i] = new TooBigLongInt(i, 0);
+                        break;
+                    case 7:
+                        arr1[i] = String.valueOf(i);
+                        arr2[i] = null;
+                        break;
+                    case 8:
+                        arr1[i] = null;
+                        arr2[i] = new Integer(i);
+                        break;
+                    case 9:
+                        arr1[i] = null;
+                        arr2[i] = new TooBigLongInt(i, 0);
+                        break;
+                    case 10:
+                        arr1[i] = null;
+                        arr2[i] = null;
+                        break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Identity.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Identity.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1ced050a126
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Identity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,398 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.array;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.BitSet;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/*
+ *  For proper results it should be executed:
+ *  java -jar target/benchmarks.jar org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.array.Identity  -wmb "org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.array.Identity.*050"
+ */
+
+@Fork(3)
+@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Identity {
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 100;
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int cmp_branch_obj(Object[] objects1, Object[] objects2) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            if (objects1[i] == objects2[i]) {
+                s += 1;
+            } else {
+                s -= 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int cmp_branch_ref(IdentityInt[] objects1, IdentityInt[] objects2) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            if (objects1[i] == objects2[i]) {
+                s += 1;
+            } else {
+                s -= 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static boolean cmp_result_ref(IdentityInt[] objects1, IdentityInt[] objects2) {
+        boolean s = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s ^= objects1[i] == objects2[i];
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static boolean cmp_result_obj(Object[] objects1, Object[] objects2) {
+        boolean s = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s ^= objects1[i] == objects2[i];
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals000(ObjState00 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals025(ObjState25 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals050(ObjState50 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals075(ObjState75 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals100(ObjState100 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_ref_equals000(RefState00 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_ref(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_ref_equals025(RefState25 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_ref(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_ref_equals050(RefState50 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_ref(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_ref_equals075(RefState75 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_ref(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_ref_equals100(RefState100 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_ref(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals000(ObjState00 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals025(ObjState25 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals050(ObjState50 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals075(ObjState75 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals100(ObjState100 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_ref_equals000(RefState00 st) {
+        return cmp_result_ref(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_ref_equals025(RefState25 st) {
+        return cmp_result_ref(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_ref_equals050(RefState50 st) {
+        return cmp_result_ref(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_ref_equals075(RefState75 st) {
+        return cmp_result_ref(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_ref_equals100(RefState100 st) {
+        return cmp_result_ref(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt {
+
+        public final int v0;
+
+        public IdentityInt(int v0) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private static void populate(Object[] arr1, Object[] arr2, int eq) {
+        if (eq <= 0) {
+            arr1[0] = null;
+            arr2[0] = new IdentityInt(1);
+            arr1[1] = new IdentityInt(2);
+            arr2[1] = null;
+            for (int i = 2; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr1[i] = new IdentityInt(2 * i);
+                arr2[i] = new IdentityInt(2 * i + 1);
+            }
+        } else if (eq >= 100) {
+            arr2[0] = arr1[0] = null;
+            for (int i = 1; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr2[i] = arr1[i] = new IdentityInt(i);
+            }
+        } else {
+            BitSet eqset = new Random(42).ints(0, SIZE).distinct().limit(eq * SIZE / 100).collect(BitSet::new, BitSet::set, BitSet::or);
+            boolean samenulls = true;
+            int distinctnulls = 0;
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                if (eqset.get(i)) {
+                    if(samenulls) {
+                        arr2[i] = arr1[i] = null;
+                        samenulls = false;
+                    } else {
+                        arr2[i] = arr1[i] = new IdentityInt(i);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    switch (distinctnulls) {
+                        case 0:
+                            arr1[i] = null;
+                            arr2[i] = new IdentityInt(2 * i + 1);
+                            distinctnulls = 1;
+                            break;
+                        case 1:
+                            arr1[i] = new IdentityInt(2 * i);
+                            arr2[i] = null;
+                            distinctnulls  = 2;
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            arr1[i] = new IdentityInt(2 * i);
+                            arr2[i] = new IdentityInt(2 * i + 1);
+                            break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public abstract static class ObjState {
+        Object[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        public void setup(int eq) {
+            arr1 = new Object[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new Object[SIZE];
+            populate(arr1, arr2, eq);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public abstract static class RefState {
+        IdentityInt[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        public void setup(int eq) {
+            arr1 = new IdentityInt[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new IdentityInt[SIZE];
+            populate(arr1, arr2, eq);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState00 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState25 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(25);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState50 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(50);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState75 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(75);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState100 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(100);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class RefState00 extends RefState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class RefState25 extends RefState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(25);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class RefState50 extends RefState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(50);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class RefState75 extends RefState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(75);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class RefState100 extends RefState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(100);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Value032.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Value032.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b76b5184c91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Value032.java
@@ -0,0 +1,398 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.array;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.BitSet;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/*
+ *  For proper results it should be executed:
+ *  java -jar target/benchmarks.jar org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.array.Value  -wmb "org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.array.Value.*050"
+ */
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Value032 {
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 100;
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int cmp_branch_obj(Object[] objects1, Object[] objects2) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            if (objects1[i] == objects2[i]) {
+                s += 1;
+            } else {
+                s -= 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int cmp_branch_val(ValueInt[] objects1, ValueInt[] objects2) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            if (objects1[i] == objects2[i]) {
+                s += 1;
+            } else {
+                s -= 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static boolean cmp_result_val(ValueInt[] objects1, ValueInt[] objects2) {
+        boolean s = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s ^= objects1[i] == objects2[i];
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static boolean cmp_result_obj(Object[] objects1, Object[] objects2) {
+        boolean s = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s ^= objects1[i] == objects2[i];
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals000(ObjState00 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals025(ObjState25 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals050(ObjState50 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals075(ObjState75 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals100(ObjState100 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals000(ObjState00 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals025(ObjState25 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals050(ObjState50 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals075(ObjState75 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals100(ObjState100 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt {
+
+        public final int v0;
+
+        public ValueInt(int v0) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private static void populate(Object[] arr1, Object[] arr2, int eq) {
+        if (eq <= 0) {
+            arr1[0] = null;
+            arr2[0] = new ValueInt(1);
+            arr1[1] = new ValueInt(2);
+            arr2[1] = null;
+            for (int i = 2; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr1[i] = new ValueInt(2 * i);
+                arr2[i] = new ValueInt(2 * i + 1);
+            }
+        } else if (eq >= 100) {
+            arr2[0] = arr1[0] = null;
+            for (int i = 1; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr2[i] = arr1[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        } else {
+            BitSet eqset = new Random(42).ints(0, SIZE).distinct().limit(eq * SIZE / 100).collect(BitSet::new, BitSet::set, BitSet::or);
+            boolean samenulls = true;
+            int distinctnulls = 0;
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                if (eqset.get(i)) {
+                    if(samenulls) {
+                        arr2[i] = arr1[i] = null;
+                        samenulls = false;
+                    } else {
+                        arr2[i] = arr1[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    switch (distinctnulls) {
+                        case 0:
+                            arr1[i] = null;
+                            arr2[i] = new ValueInt(2 * i + 1);
+                            distinctnulls = 1;
+                            break;
+                        case 1:
+                            arr1[i] = new ValueInt(2 * i);
+                            arr2[i] = null;
+                            distinctnulls  = 2;
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            arr1[i] = new ValueInt(2 * i);
+                            arr2[i] = new ValueInt(2 * i + 1);
+                            break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public abstract static class ObjState {
+        Object[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        public void setup(int eq) {
+            arr1 = new Object[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new Object[SIZE];
+            populate(arr1, arr2, eq);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public abstract static class ValState {
+        ValueInt[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        public void setup(int eq) {
+            arr1 = new ValueInt[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new ValueInt[SIZE];
+            populate(arr1, arr2, eq);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState00 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState25 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(25);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState50 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(50);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState75 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(75);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState100 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(100);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState00 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState25 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(25);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState50 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(50);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState75 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(75);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState100 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(100);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Value032NullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Value032NullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..eeb66b6eeef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Value032NullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.array;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.BitSet;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/*
+ *  For proper results it should be executed:
+ *  java -jar target/benchmarks.jar org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.array.Value  -wmb "org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.array.Value.*050"
+ */
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Value032NullFree {
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 100;
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int cmp_branch_val(ValueInt[] objects1, ValueInt[] objects2) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            if (objects1[i] == objects2[i]) {
+                s += 1;
+            } else {
+                s -= 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static boolean cmp_result_val(ValueInt[] objects1, ValueInt[] objects2) {
+        boolean s = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s ^= objects1[i] == objects2[i];
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt {
+
+        public final int v0;
+
+        public ValueInt(int v0) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private static void populate(Object[] arr1, Object[] arr2, int eq) {
+        if (eq <= 0) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr1[i] = new ValueInt(2 * i);
+                arr2[i] = new ValueInt(2 * i + 1);
+            }
+        } else if (eq >= 100) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr2[i] = arr1[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        } else {
+            BitSet eqset = new Random(42).ints(0, SIZE).distinct().limit(eq * SIZE / 100).collect(BitSet::new, BitSet::set, BitSet::or);
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                if (eqset.get(i)) {
+                    arr2[i] = arr1[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+                } else {
+                    arr1[i] = new ValueInt(2 * i);
+                    arr2[i] = new ValueInt(2 * i + 1);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public abstract static class ValState {
+        ValueInt[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        public void setup(int eq) {
+            arr1 = (ValueInt[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt.class, SIZE, new ValueInt(0));
+            arr2 = (ValueInt[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt.class, SIZE, new ValueInt(0));
+            populate(arr1, arr2, eq);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState00 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState25 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(25);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState50 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(50);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState75 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(75);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState100 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(100);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cee0b51d527
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.array;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.BitSet;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/*
+ *  For proper results it should be executed:
+ *  java -jar target/benchmarks.jar org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.array.Value  -wmb "org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.array.Value.*050"
+ */
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Value032NullFreeNonAtomic {
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 100;
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int cmp_branch_val(ValueInt[] objects1, ValueInt[] objects2) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            if (objects1[i] == objects2[i]) {
+                s += 1;
+            } else {
+                s -= 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static boolean cmp_result_val(ValueInt[] objects1, ValueInt[] objects2) {
+        boolean s = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s ^= objects1[i] == objects2[i];
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt {
+
+        public final int v0;
+
+        public ValueInt(int v0) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private static void populate(Object[] arr1, Object[] arr2, int eq) {
+        if (eq <= 0) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr1[i] = new ValueInt(2 * i);
+                arr2[i] = new ValueInt(2 * i + 1);
+            }
+        } else if (eq >= 100) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr2[i] = arr1[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        } else {
+            BitSet eqset = new Random(42).ints(0, SIZE).distinct().limit(eq * SIZE / 100).collect(BitSet::new, BitSet::set, BitSet::or);
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                if (eqset.get(i)) {
+                    arr2[i] = arr1[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+                } else {
+                    arr1[i] = new ValueInt(2 * i);
+                    arr2[i] = new ValueInt(2 * i + 1);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public abstract static class ValState {
+        ValueInt[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        public void setup(int eq) {
+            arr1 = (ValueInt[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt.class, SIZE, new ValueInt(0));
+            arr2 = (ValueInt[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt.class, SIZE, new ValueInt(0));
+            populate(arr1, arr2, eq);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState00 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState25 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(25);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState50 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(50);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState75 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(75);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState100 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(100);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Value128.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Value128.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..82a77606007
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Value128.java
@@ -0,0 +1,400 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.array;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.BitSet;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/*
+ *  For proper results it should be executed:
+ *  java -jar target/benchmarks.jar org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.array.Value  -wmb "org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.array.Value.*050"
+ */
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Value128 {
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 100;
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int cmp_branch_obj(Object[] objects1, Object[] objects2) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            if (objects1[i] == objects2[i]) {
+                s += 1;
+            } else {
+                s -= 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int cmp_branch_val(ValueInt4[] objects1, ValueInt4[] objects2) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            if (objects1[i] == objects2[i]) {
+                s += 1;
+            } else {
+                s -= 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static boolean cmp_result_val(ValueInt4[] objects1, ValueInt4[] objects2) {
+        boolean s = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s ^= objects1[i] == objects2[i];
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static boolean cmp_result_obj(Object[] objects1, Object[] objects2) {
+        boolean s = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s ^= objects1[i] == objects2[i];
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals000(ObjState00 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals025(ObjState25 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals050(ObjState50 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals075(ObjState75 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals100(ObjState100 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals000(ObjState00 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals025(ObjState25 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals050(ObjState50 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals075(ObjState75 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals100(ObjState100 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 {
+
+        public final int v0;
+        public final int v1;
+        public final int v2;
+        public final int v3;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int v) {
+            this.v0 = v;
+            this.v1 = v + 1;
+            this.v2 = v + 2;
+            this.v3 = v + 3;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private static void populate(Object[] arr1, Object[] arr2, int eq) {
+        if (eq <= 0) {
+            arr1[0] = null;
+            arr2[0] = new ValueInt4(1);
+            arr1[1] = new ValueInt4(2);
+            arr2[1] = null;
+            for (int i = 2; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr1[i] = new ValueInt4(2 * i);
+                arr2[i] = new ValueInt4(2 * i + 1);
+            }
+        } else if (eq >= 100) {
+            arr2[0] = arr1[0] = null;
+            for (int i = 1; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr2[i] = arr1[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        } else {
+            BitSet eqset = new Random(42).ints(0, SIZE).distinct().limit(eq * SIZE / 100).collect(BitSet::new, BitSet::set, BitSet::or);
+            boolean samenulls = true;
+            int distinctnulls = 0;
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                if (eqset.get(i)) {
+                    if(samenulls) {
+                        arr2[i] = arr1[i] = null;
+                        samenulls = false;
+                    } else {
+                        arr2[i] = arr1[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    switch (distinctnulls) {
+                        case 0:
+                            arr1[i] = null;
+                            arr2[i] = new ValueInt4(2 * i + 1);
+                            distinctnulls = 1;
+                            break;
+                        case 1:
+                            arr1[i] = new ValueInt4(2 * i);
+                            arr2[i] = null;
+                            distinctnulls  = 2;
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            arr1[i] = new ValueInt4(2 * i);
+                            arr2[i] = new ValueInt4(2 * i + 1);
+                            break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public abstract static class ObjState {
+        Object[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        public void setup(int eq) {
+            arr1 = new Object[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new Object[SIZE];
+            populate(arr1, arr2, eq);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public abstract static class ValState {
+        ValueInt4[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        public void setup(int eq) {
+            arr1 = new ValueInt4[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new ValueInt4[SIZE];
+            populate(arr1, arr2, eq);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState00 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState25 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(25);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState50 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(50);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState75 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(75);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState100 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(100);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState00 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState25 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(25);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState50 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(50);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState75 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(75);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState100 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(100);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Value128NullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Value128NullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6e2c0ad0af7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Value128NullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.array;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.BitSet;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/*
+ *  For proper results it should be executed:
+ *  java -jar target/benchmarks.jar org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.array.Value  -wmb "org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.array.Value.*050"
+ */
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Value128NullFree {
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 100;
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int cmp_branch_val(ValueInt4[] objects1, ValueInt4[] objects2) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            if (objects1[i] == objects2[i]) {
+                s += 1;
+            } else {
+                s -= 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static boolean cmp_result_val(ValueInt4[] objects1, ValueInt4[] objects2) {
+        boolean s = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s ^= objects1[i] == objects2[i];
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 {
+
+        public final int v0;
+        public final int v1;
+        public final int v2;
+        public final int v3;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int v) {
+            this.v0 = v;
+            this.v1 = v + 1;
+            this.v2 = v + 2;
+            this.v3 = v + 3;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private static void populate(Object[] arr1, Object[] arr2, int eq) {
+        if (eq <= 0) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr1[i] = new ValueInt4(2 * i);
+                arr2[i] = new ValueInt4(2 * i + 1);
+            }
+        } else if (eq >= 100) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr2[i] = arr1[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        } else {
+            BitSet eqset = new Random(42).ints(0, SIZE).distinct().limit(eq * SIZE / 100).collect(BitSet::new, BitSet::set, BitSet::or);
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                if (eqset.get(i)) {
+                    arr2[i] = arr1[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+                } else {
+                    arr1[i] = new ValueInt4(2 * i);
+                    arr2[i] = new ValueInt4(2 * i + 1);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public abstract static class ValState {
+        ValueInt4[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        public void setup(int eq) {
+            arr1 = (ValueInt4[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt4.class, SIZE, new ValueInt4(0));
+            arr2 = (ValueInt4[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt4.class, SIZE, new ValueInt4(0));
+            populate(arr1, arr2, eq);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState00 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState25 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(25);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState50 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(50);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState75 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(75);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState100 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(100);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6fee2a97ca2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/array/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.array;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.BitSet;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/*
+ *  For proper results it should be executed:
+ *  java -jar target/benchmarks.jar org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.array.Value  -wmb "org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.array.Value.*050"
+ */
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Value128NullFreeNonAtomic {
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 100;
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int cmp_branch_val(ValueInt4[] objects1, ValueInt4[] objects2) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            if (objects1[i] == objects2[i]) {
+                s += 1;
+            } else {
+                s -= 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static boolean cmp_result_val(ValueInt4[] objects1, ValueInt4[] objects2) {
+        boolean s = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s ^= objects1[i] == objects2[i];
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt4 {
+
+        public final int v0;
+        public final int v1;
+        public final int v2;
+        public final int v3;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int v) {
+            this.v0 = v;
+            this.v1 = v + 1;
+            this.v2 = v + 2;
+            this.v3 = v + 3;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private static void populate(Object[] arr1, Object[] arr2, int eq) {
+        if (eq <= 0) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr1[i] = new ValueInt4(2 * i);
+                arr2[i] = new ValueInt4(2 * i + 1);
+            }
+        } else if (eq >= 100) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr2[i] = arr1[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        } else {
+            BitSet eqset = new Random(42).ints(0, SIZE).distinct().limit(eq * SIZE / 100).collect(BitSet::new, BitSet::set, BitSet::or);
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                if (eqset.get(i)) {
+                    arr2[i] = arr1[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+                } else {
+                    arr1[i] = new ValueInt4(2 * i);
+                    arr2[i] = new ValueInt4(2 * i + 1);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public abstract static class ValState {
+        ValueInt4[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        public void setup(int eq) {
+            arr1 = (ValueInt4[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt4.class, SIZE, new ValueInt4(0));
+            arr2 = (ValueInt4[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt4.class, SIZE, new ValueInt4(0));
+            populate(arr1, arr2, eq);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState00 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState25 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(25);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState50 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(50);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState75 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(75);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState100 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(100);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Identity.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Identity.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d35f716c0e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Identity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,473 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.field;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.BitSet;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/*
+ *  For proper results it should be executed:
+ *  java -jar target/benchmarks.jar org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.field.Identity  -wmb "org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.field.Identity.*050"
+ */
+
+@Fork(3)
+@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Identity {
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 100;
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int cmp_branch_obj(ObjWrapper[] objects1, ObjWrapper[] objects2) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            if (objects1[i].f == objects2[i].f) {
+                s += 1;
+            } else {
+                s -= 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int cmp_branch_ref(RefWrapper[] objects1, RefWrapper[] objects2) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            if (objects1[i].f == objects2[i].f) {
+                s += 1;
+            } else {
+                s -= 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static boolean cmp_result_ref(RefWrapper[] objects1, RefWrapper[] objects2) {
+        boolean s = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s ^= objects1[i].f == objects2[i].f;
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static boolean cmp_result_obj(ObjWrapper[] objects1, ObjWrapper[] objects2) {
+        boolean s = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s ^= objects1[i].f == objects2[i].f;
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals000(ObjState00 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals025(ObjState25 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals050(ObjState50 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals075(ObjState75 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals100(ObjState100 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_ref_equals000(RefState00 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_ref(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_ref_equals025(RefState25 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_ref(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_ref_equals050(RefState50 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_ref(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_ref_equals075(RefState75 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_ref(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_ref_equals100(RefState100 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_ref(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals000(ObjState00 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals025(ObjState25 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals050(ObjState50 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals075(ObjState75 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals100(ObjState100 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_ref_equals000(RefState00 st) {
+        return cmp_result_ref(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_ref_equals025(RefState25 st) {
+        return cmp_result_ref(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_ref_equals050(RefState50 st) {
+        return cmp_result_ref(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_ref_equals075(RefState75 st) {
+        return cmp_result_ref(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_ref_equals100(RefState100 st) {
+        return cmp_result_ref(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt {
+
+        public final int v0;
+
+        public IdentityInt(int v0) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private static void populate(ObjWrapper[] arr1, ObjWrapper[] arr2, int eq) {
+        if (eq <= 0) {
+            arr1[0] = new ObjWrapper(null);
+            arr2[0] = new ObjWrapper(new IdentityInt(1));
+            arr1[1] = new ObjWrapper(new IdentityInt(2));
+            arr2[1] = new ObjWrapper(null);
+            for (int i = 2; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr1[i] = new ObjWrapper(new IdentityInt(2 * i));
+                arr2[i] = new ObjWrapper(new IdentityInt(2 * i + 1));
+            }
+        } else if (eq >= 100) {
+            arr2[0] = arr1[0] = new ObjWrapper(null);
+            for (int i = 1; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                IdentityInt x = new IdentityInt(i);
+                arr2[i] = new ObjWrapper(x);
+                arr1[i] = new ObjWrapper(x);
+            }
+        } else {
+            BitSet eqset = new Random(42).ints(0, SIZE).distinct().limit(eq * SIZE / 100).collect(BitSet::new, BitSet::set, BitSet::or);
+            boolean samenulls = true;
+            int distinctnulls = 0;
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                if (eqset.get(i)) {
+                    if(samenulls) {
+                        arr2[i] = new ObjWrapper(null);
+                        arr1[i] = new ObjWrapper(null);
+                        samenulls = false;
+                    } else {
+                        IdentityInt x = new IdentityInt(i);
+                        arr2[i] = new ObjWrapper(x);
+                        arr1[i] = new ObjWrapper(x);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    switch (distinctnulls) {
+                        case 0:
+                            arr1[i] = new ObjWrapper(null);
+                            arr2[i] = new ObjWrapper(new IdentityInt(2 * i + 1));
+                            distinctnulls = 1;
+                            break;
+                        case 1:
+                            arr1[i] = new ObjWrapper(new IdentityInt(2 * i));
+                            arr2[i] = new ObjWrapper(null);
+                            distinctnulls  = 2;
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            arr1[i] = new ObjWrapper(new IdentityInt(2 * i));
+                            arr2[i] = new ObjWrapper(new IdentityInt(2 * i + 1));
+                            break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    private static void populate(RefWrapper[] arr1, RefWrapper[] arr2, int eq) {
+        if (eq <= 0) {
+            arr1[0] = new RefWrapper(null);
+            arr2[0] = new RefWrapper(new IdentityInt(1));
+            arr1[1] = new RefWrapper(new IdentityInt(2));
+            arr2[1] = new RefWrapper(null);
+            for (int i = 2; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr1[i] = new RefWrapper(new IdentityInt(2 * i));
+                arr2[i] = new RefWrapper(new IdentityInt(2 * i + 1));
+            }
+        } else if (eq >= 100) {
+            arr2[0] = arr1[0] = new RefWrapper(null);
+            for (int i = 1; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                IdentityInt x = new IdentityInt(i);
+                arr2[i] = new RefWrapper(x);
+                arr1[i] = new RefWrapper(x);
+            }
+        } else {
+            BitSet eqset = new Random(42).ints(0, SIZE).distinct().limit(eq * SIZE / 100).collect(BitSet::new, BitSet::set, BitSet::or);
+            boolean samenulls = true;
+            int distinctnulls = 0;
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                if (eqset.get(i)) {
+                    if(samenulls) {
+                        arr2[i] = new RefWrapper(null);
+                        arr1[i] = new RefWrapper(null);
+                        samenulls = false;
+                    } else {
+                        IdentityInt x = new IdentityInt(i);
+                        arr2[i] = new RefWrapper(x);
+                        arr1[i] = new RefWrapper(x);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    switch (distinctnulls) {
+                        case 0:
+                            arr1[i] = new RefWrapper(null);
+                            arr2[i] = new RefWrapper(new IdentityInt(2 * i + 1));
+                            distinctnulls = 1;
+                            break;
+                        case 1:
+                            arr1[i] = new RefWrapper(new IdentityInt(2 * i));
+                            arr2[i] = new RefWrapper(null);
+                            distinctnulls  = 2;
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            arr1[i] = new RefWrapper(new IdentityInt(2 * i));
+                            arr2[i] = new RefWrapper(new IdentityInt(2 * i + 1));
+                            break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjWrapper {
+        public final Object f;
+
+        public ObjWrapper(Object f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class RefWrapper {
+        public final IdentityInt f;
+
+        public RefWrapper(IdentityInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public abstract static class ObjState {
+        ObjWrapper[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        public void setup(int eq) {
+            arr1 = new ObjWrapper[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new ObjWrapper[SIZE];
+            populate(arr1, arr2, eq);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public abstract static class RefState {
+        RefWrapper[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        public void setup(int eq) {
+            arr1 = new RefWrapper[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new RefWrapper[SIZE];
+            populate(arr1, arr2, eq);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState00 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState25 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(25);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState50 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(50);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState75 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(75);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState100 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(100);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class RefState00 extends RefState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class RefState25 extends RefState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(25);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class RefState50 extends RefState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(50);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class RefState75 extends RefState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(75);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class RefState100 extends RefState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(100);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Value032.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Value032.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e413d5bb7e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Value032.java
@@ -0,0 +1,473 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.field;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.BitSet;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/*
+ *  For proper results it should be executed:
+ *  java -jar target/benchmarks.jar org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.field.Value  -wmb "org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.field.Value.*050"
+ */
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Value032 {
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 100;
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int cmp_branch_obj(ObjWrapper[] objects1, ObjWrapper[] objects2) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            if (objects1[i].f == objects2[i].f) {
+                s += 1;
+            } else {
+                s -= 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int cmp_branch_val(ValWrapper[] objects1, ValWrapper[] objects2) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            if (objects1[i].f == objects2[i].f) {
+                s += 1;
+            } else {
+                s -= 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static boolean cmp_result_val(ValWrapper[] objects1, ValWrapper[] objects2) {
+        boolean s = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s ^= objects1[i].f == objects2[i].f;
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static boolean cmp_result_obj(ObjWrapper[] objects1, ObjWrapper[] objects2) {
+        boolean s = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s ^= objects1[i].f == objects2[i].f;
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals000(ObjState00 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals025(ObjState25 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals050(ObjState50 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals075(ObjState75 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals100(ObjState100 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals000(ObjState00 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals025(ObjState25 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals050(ObjState50 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals075(ObjState75 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals100(ObjState100 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt {
+
+        public final int v0;
+
+        public ValueInt(int v0) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private static void populate(ObjWrapper[] arr1, ObjWrapper[] arr2, int eq) {
+        if (eq <= 0) {
+            arr1[0] = new ObjWrapper(null);
+            arr2[0] = new ObjWrapper(new ValueInt(1));
+            arr1[1] = new ObjWrapper(new ValueInt(2));
+            arr2[1] = new ObjWrapper(null);
+            for (int i = 2; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr1[i] = new ObjWrapper(new ValueInt(2 * i));
+                arr2[i] = new ObjWrapper(new ValueInt(2 * i + 1));
+            }
+        } else if (eq >= 100) {
+            arr2[0] = arr1[0] = new ObjWrapper(null);
+            for (int i = 1; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                ValueInt x = new ValueInt(i);
+                arr2[i] = new ObjWrapper(x);
+                arr1[i] = new ObjWrapper(x);
+            }
+        } else {
+            BitSet eqset = new Random(42).ints(0, SIZE).distinct().limit(eq * SIZE / 100).collect(BitSet::new, BitSet::set, BitSet::or);
+            boolean samenulls = true;
+            int distinctnulls = 0;
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                if (eqset.get(i)) {
+                    if(samenulls) {
+                        arr2[i] = new ObjWrapper(null);
+                        arr1[i] = new ObjWrapper(null);
+                        samenulls = false;
+                    } else {
+                        ValueInt x = new ValueInt(i);
+                        arr2[i] = new ObjWrapper(x);
+                        arr1[i] = new ObjWrapper(x);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    switch (distinctnulls) {
+                        case 0:
+                            arr1[i] = new ObjWrapper(null);
+                            arr2[i] = new ObjWrapper(new ValueInt(2 * i + 1));
+                            distinctnulls = 1;
+                            break;
+                        case 1:
+                            arr1[i] = new ObjWrapper(new ValueInt(2 * i));
+                            arr2[i] = new ObjWrapper(null);
+                            distinctnulls  = 2;
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            arr1[i] = new ObjWrapper(new ValueInt(2 * i));
+                            arr2[i] = new ObjWrapper(new ValueInt(2 * i + 1));
+                            break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    private static void populate(ValWrapper[] arr1, ValWrapper[] arr2, int eq) {
+        if (eq <= 0) {
+            arr1[0] = new ValWrapper(null);
+            arr2[0] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(1));
+            arr1[1] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(2));
+            arr2[1] = new ValWrapper(null);
+            for (int i = 2; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(2 * i));
+                arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(2 * i + 1));
+            }
+        } else if (eq >= 100) {
+            arr2[0] = arr1[0] = new ValWrapper(null);
+            for (int i = 1; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                ValueInt x = new ValueInt(i);
+                arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+                arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+            }
+        } else {
+            BitSet eqset = new Random(42).ints(0, SIZE).distinct().limit(eq * SIZE / 100).collect(BitSet::new, BitSet::set, BitSet::or);
+            boolean samenulls = true;
+            int distinctnulls = 0;
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                if (eqset.get(i)) {
+                    if(samenulls) {
+                        arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(null);
+                        arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(null);
+                        samenulls = false;
+                    } else {
+                        ValueInt x = new ValueInt(i);
+                        arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+                        arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    switch (distinctnulls) {
+                        case 0:
+                            arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(null);
+                            arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(2 * i + 1));
+                            distinctnulls = 1;
+                            break;
+                        case 1:
+                            arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(2 * i));
+                            arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(null);
+                            distinctnulls  = 2;
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(2 * i));
+                            arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(2 * i + 1));
+                            break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjWrapper {
+        public Object f;
+
+        public ObjWrapper(Object f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+        public ValueInt f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public abstract static class ObjState {
+        ObjWrapper[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        public void setup(int eq) {
+            arr1 = new ObjWrapper[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new ObjWrapper[SIZE];
+            populate(arr1, arr2, eq);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public abstract static class ValState {
+        ValWrapper[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        public void setup(int eq) {
+            arr1 = new ValWrapper[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new ValWrapper[SIZE];
+            populate(arr1, arr2, eq);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState00 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState25 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(25);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState50 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(50);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState75 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(75);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState100 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(100);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState00 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState25 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(25);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState50 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(50);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState75 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(75);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState100 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(100);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Value032NullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Value032NullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2917228b977
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Value032NullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.field;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.BitSet;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/*
+ *  For proper results it should be executed:
+ *  java -jar target/benchmarks.jar org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.field.Value  -wmb "org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.field.Value.*050"
+ *  */
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Value032NullFree {
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 100;
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int cmp_branch_val(ValWrapper[] objects1, ValWrapper[] objects2) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            if (objects1[i].f == objects2[i].f) {
+                s += 1;
+            } else {
+                s -= 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static boolean cmp_result_val(ValWrapper[] objects1, ValWrapper[] objects2) {
+        boolean s = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s ^= objects1[i].f == objects2[i].f;
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt {
+
+        public final int v0;
+
+        public ValueInt(int v0) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private static void populate(ValWrapper[] arr1, ValWrapper[] arr2, int eq) {
+        if (eq <= 0) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(2 * i));
+                arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(2 * i + 1));
+            }
+        } else if (eq >= 100) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                ValueInt x = new ValueInt(i);
+                arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+                arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+            }
+        } else {
+            BitSet eqset = new Random(42).ints(0, SIZE).distinct().limit(eq * SIZE / 100).collect(BitSet::new, BitSet::set, BitSet::or);
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                if (eqset.get(i)) {
+                    ValueInt x = new ValueInt(i);
+                    arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+                    arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+                } else {
+                    arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(2 * i));
+                    arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(2 * i + 1));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+
+        @NullRestricted
+        public final ValueInt f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public abstract static class ValState {
+        ValWrapper[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        public void setup(int eq) {
+            arr1 = new ValWrapper[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new ValWrapper[SIZE];
+            populate(arr1, arr2, eq);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState00 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState25 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(25);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState50 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(50);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState75 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(75);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState100 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(100);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cd2a50af707
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.field;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.BitSet;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/*
+ *  For proper results it should be executed:
+ *  java -jar target/benchmarks.jar org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.field.Value  -wmb "org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.field.Value.*050"
+ */
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Value032NullFreeNonAtomic {
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 100;
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int cmp_branch_val(ValWrapper[] objects1, ValWrapper[] objects2) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            if (objects1[i].f == objects2[i].f) {
+                s += 1;
+            } else {
+                s -= 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static boolean cmp_result_val(ValWrapper[] objects1, ValWrapper[] objects2) {
+        boolean s = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s ^= objects1[i].f == objects2[i].f;
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt {
+
+        public final int v0;
+
+        public ValueInt(int v0) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private static void populate(ValWrapper[] arr1, ValWrapper[] arr2, int eq) {
+        if (eq <= 0) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(2 * i));
+                arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(2 * i + 1));
+            }
+        } else if (eq >= 100) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                ValueInt x = new ValueInt(i);
+                arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+                arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+            }
+        } else {
+            BitSet eqset = new Random(42).ints(0, SIZE).distinct().limit(eq * SIZE / 100).collect(BitSet::new, BitSet::set, BitSet::or);
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                if (eqset.get(i)) {
+                    ValueInt x = new ValueInt(i);
+                    arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+                    arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+                } else {
+                    arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(2 * i));
+                    arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(2 * i + 1));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+
+        @NullRestricted
+        public final ValueInt f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public abstract static class ValState {
+        ValWrapper[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        public void setup(int eq) {
+            arr1 = new ValWrapper[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new ValWrapper[SIZE];
+            populate(arr1, arr2, eq);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState00 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState25 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(25);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState50 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(50);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState75 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(75);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState100 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(100);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Value128.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Value128.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3559dd3caed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Value128.java
@@ -0,0 +1,475 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.field;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.BitSet;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/*
+ *  For proper results it should be executed:
+ *  java -jar target/benchmarks.jar org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.field.Value  -wmb "org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.field.Value.*050"
+ */
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Value128 {
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 100;
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int cmp_branch_obj(ObjWrapper[] objects1, ObjWrapper[] objects2) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            if (objects1[i].f == objects2[i].f) {
+                s += 1;
+            } else {
+                s -= 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int cmp_branch_val(ValWrapper[] objects1, ValWrapper[] objects2) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            if (objects1[i].f == objects2[i].f) {
+                s += 1;
+            } else {
+                s -= 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static boolean cmp_result_val(ValWrapper[] objects1, ValWrapper[] objects2) {
+        boolean s = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s ^= objects1[i].f == objects2[i].f;
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static boolean cmp_result_obj(ObjWrapper[] objects1, ObjWrapper[] objects2) {
+        boolean s = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s ^= objects1[i].f == objects2[i].f;
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals000(ObjState00 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals025(ObjState25 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals050(ObjState50 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals075(ObjState75 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_obj_equals100(ObjState100 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals000(ObjState00 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals025(ObjState25 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals050(ObjState50 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals075(ObjState75 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_obj_equals100(ObjState100 st) {
+        return cmp_result_obj(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 {
+
+        public final int v0;
+        public final int v1;
+        public final int v2;
+        public final int v3;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int v) {
+            this.v0 = v;
+            this.v1 = v + 1;
+            this.v2 = v + 2;
+            this.v3 = v + 3;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private static void populate(ObjWrapper[] arr1, ObjWrapper[] arr2, int eq) {
+        if (eq <= 0) {
+            arr1[0] = new ObjWrapper(null);
+            arr2[0] = new ObjWrapper(new ValueInt4(1));
+            arr1[1] = new ObjWrapper(new ValueInt4(2));
+            arr2[1] = new ObjWrapper(null);
+            for (int i = 2; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr1[i] = new ObjWrapper(new ValueInt4(2 * i));
+                arr2[i] = new ObjWrapper(new ValueInt4(2 * i + 1));
+            }
+        } else if (eq >= 100) {
+            arr2[0] = arr1[0] = new ObjWrapper(null);
+            for (int i = 1; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                ValueInt4 x = new ValueInt4(i);
+                arr2[i] = new ObjWrapper(x);
+                arr1[i] = new ObjWrapper(x);
+            }
+        } else {
+            BitSet eqset = new Random(42).ints(0, SIZE).distinct().limit(eq * SIZE / 100).collect(BitSet::new, BitSet::set, BitSet::or);
+            boolean samenulls = true;
+            int distinctnulls = 0;
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                if (eqset.get(i)) {
+                    if(samenulls) {
+                        arr2[i] = new ObjWrapper(null);
+                        arr1[i] = new ObjWrapper(null);
+                        samenulls = false;
+                    } else {
+                        ValueInt4 x = new ValueInt4(i);
+                        arr2[i] = new ObjWrapper(x);
+                        arr1[i] = new ObjWrapper(x);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    switch (distinctnulls) {
+                        case 0:
+                            arr1[i] = new ObjWrapper(null);
+                            arr2[i] = new ObjWrapper(new ValueInt4(2 * i + 1));
+                            distinctnulls = 1;
+                            break;
+                        case 1:
+                            arr1[i] = new ObjWrapper(new ValueInt4(2 * i));
+                            arr2[i] = new ObjWrapper(null);
+                            distinctnulls  = 2;
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            arr1[i] = new ObjWrapper(new ValueInt4(2 * i));
+                            arr2[i] = new ObjWrapper(new ValueInt4(2 * i + 1));
+                            break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    private static void populate(ValWrapper[] arr1, ValWrapper[] arr2, int eq) {
+        if (eq <= 0) {
+            arr1[0] = new ValWrapper(null);
+            arr2[0] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(1));
+            arr1[1] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(2));
+            arr2[1] = new ValWrapper(null);
+            for (int i = 2; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(2 * i));
+                arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(2 * i + 1));
+            }
+        } else if (eq >= 100) {
+            arr2[0] = arr1[0] = new ValWrapper(null);
+            for (int i = 1; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                ValueInt4 x = new ValueInt4(i);
+                arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+                arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+            }
+        } else {
+            BitSet eqset = new Random(42).ints(0, SIZE).distinct().limit(eq * SIZE / 100).collect(BitSet::new, BitSet::set, BitSet::or);
+            boolean samenulls = true;
+            int distinctnulls = 0;
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                if (eqset.get(i)) {
+                    if(samenulls) {
+                        arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(null);
+                        arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(null);
+                        samenulls = false;
+                    } else {
+                        ValueInt4 x = new ValueInt4(i);
+                        arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+                        arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    switch (distinctnulls) {
+                        case 0:
+                            arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(null);
+                            arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(2 * i + 1));
+                            distinctnulls = 1;
+                            break;
+                        case 1:
+                            arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(2 * i));
+                            arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(null);
+                            distinctnulls  = 2;
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(2 * i));
+                            arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(2 * i + 1));
+                            break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjWrapper {
+        public Object f;
+
+        public ObjWrapper(Object f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+        public ValueInt4 f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt4 f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public abstract static class ObjState {
+        ObjWrapper[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        public void setup(int eq) {
+            arr1 = new ObjWrapper[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new ObjWrapper[SIZE];
+            populate(arr1, arr2, eq);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public abstract static class ValState {
+        ValWrapper[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        public void setup(int eq) {
+            arr1 = new ValWrapper[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new ValWrapper[SIZE];
+            populate(arr1, arr2, eq);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState00 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState25 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(25);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState50 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(50);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState75 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(75);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ObjState100 extends ObjState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(100);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState00 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState25 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(25);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState50 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(50);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState75 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(75);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState100 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(100);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Value128NullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Value128NullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5d706c806eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Value128NullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.field;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.BitSet;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/*
+ *  For proper results it should be executed:
+ *  java -jar target/benchmarks.jar org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.field.Value  -wmb "org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.field.Value.*050"
+ */
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Value128NullFree {
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 100;
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int cmp_branch_val(ValWrapper[] objects1, ValWrapper[] objects2) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            if (objects1[i].f == objects2[i].f) {
+                s += 1;
+            } else {
+                s -= 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static boolean cmp_result_val(ValWrapper[] objects1, ValWrapper[] objects2) {
+        boolean s = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s ^= objects1[i].f == objects2[i].f;
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 {
+
+        public final int v0;
+        public final int v1;
+        public final int v2;
+        public final int v3;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int v) {
+            this.v0 = v;
+            this.v1 = v + 1;
+            this.v2 = v + 2;
+            this.v3 = v + 3;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private static void populate(ValWrapper[] arr1, ValWrapper[] arr2, int eq) {
+        if (eq <= 0) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(2 * i));
+                arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(2 * i + 1));
+            }
+        } else if (eq >= 100) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                ValueInt4 x = new ValueInt4(i);
+                arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+                arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+            }
+        } else {
+            BitSet eqset = new Random(42).ints(0, SIZE).distinct().limit(eq * SIZE / 100).collect(BitSet::new, BitSet::set, BitSet::or);
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                if (eqset.get(i)) {
+                    ValueInt4 x = new ValueInt4(i);
+                    arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+                    arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+                } else {
+                    arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(2 * i));
+                    arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(2 * i + 1));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+
+        @NullRestricted
+        public final ValueInt4 f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt4 f) {
+            this.f = f;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public abstract static class ValState {
+        ValWrapper[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        public void setup(int eq) {
+            arr1 = new ValWrapper[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new ValWrapper[SIZE];
+            populate(arr1, arr2, eq);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState00 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState25 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(25);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState50 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(50);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState75 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(75);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState100 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(100);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..17ef6364e44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/field/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.field;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.BitSet;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/*
+ *  For proper results it should be executed:
+ *  java -jar target/benchmarks.jar org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.field.Value  -wmb "org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.field.Value.*050"
+ */
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Value128NullFreeNonAtomic {
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 100;
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int cmp_branch_val(ValWrapper[] objects1, ValWrapper[] objects2) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            if (objects1[i].f == objects2[i].f) {
+                s += 1;
+            } else {
+                s -= 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static boolean cmp_result_val(ValWrapper[] objects1, ValWrapper[] objects2) {
+        boolean s = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s ^= objects1[i].f == objects2[i].f;
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int branch_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_branch_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals000(ValState00 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals025(ValState25 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals050(ValState50 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals075(ValState75 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public boolean result_val_equals100(ValState100 st) {
+        return cmp_result_val(st.arr1, st.arr2);
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt4 {
+
+        public final int v0;
+        public final int v1;
+        public final int v2;
+        public final int v3;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int v) {
+            this.v0 = v;
+            this.v1 = v + 1;
+            this.v2 = v + 2;
+            this.v3 = v + 3;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private static void populate(ValWrapper[] arr1, ValWrapper[] arr2, int eq) {
+        if (eq <= 0) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(2 * i));
+                arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(2 * i + 1));
+            }
+        } else if (eq >= 100) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                ValueInt4 x = new ValueInt4(i);
+                arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+                arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+            }
+        } else {
+            BitSet eqset = new Random(42).ints(0, SIZE).distinct().limit(eq * SIZE / 100).collect(BitSet::new, BitSet::set, BitSet::or);
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                if (eqset.get(i)) {
+                    ValueInt4 x = new ValueInt4(i);
+                    arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+                    arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(x);
+                } else {
+                    arr1[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(2 * i));
+                    arr2[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(2 * i + 1));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+
+        @NullRestricted
+        public final ValueInt4 f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt4 f) {
+            this.f = f;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public abstract static class ValState {
+        ValWrapper[] arr1, arr2;
+
+        public void setup(int eq) {
+            arr1 = new ValWrapper[SIZE];
+            arr2 = new ValWrapper[SIZE];
+            populate(arr1, arr2, eq);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState00 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState25 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(25);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState50 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(50);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState75 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(75);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState100 extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            setup(100);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/trivial/Identity.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/trivial/Identity.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b690cfd84b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/trivial/Identity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.trivial;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/*
+ * to provide proper measurement the benchmark have to be executed in two modes:
+ *  -wm INDI
+ *  -wm BULK
+ */
+@Fork(1)
+@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Identity {
+
+    Object o1 = new IdentityLong(1);
+    Object o2 = new IdentityLong(2);
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static boolean cmpEquals(Object a, Object b) {
+        return a == b;     }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public boolean isCmp_null_null() {
+        return cmpEquals(null, null);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public boolean isCmp_o1_null() {
+        return cmpEquals(o1, null);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public boolean isCmp_null_o1() {
+        return cmpEquals(null, o1);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public boolean isCmp_o1_o1() {
+        return cmpEquals(o1, o1);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public boolean isCmp_o1_o2() {
+        return cmpEquals(o1, o2);
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityLong {
+
+        public final long v0;
+
+        public IdentityLong(long v0) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+        }
+
+        public long value() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/trivial/Value.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/trivial/Value.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0e3b15a58fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/acmp/trivial/Value.java
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.acmp.trivial;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/*
+ * to provide proper measurement the benchmark have to be executed in two modes:
+ *  -wm INDI
+ *  -wm BULK
+ */
+@Fork(value = 1, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Value {
+
+    Object o1 = new ValueLong(1);
+    Object o2 = new ValueLong(2);
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static boolean cmpEquals(Object a, Object b) {
+        return a == b;     }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public boolean isCmp_null_null() {
+        return cmpEquals(null, null);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public boolean isCmp_o1_null() {
+        return cmpEquals(o1, null);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public boolean isCmp_null_o1() {
+        return cmpEquals(null, o1);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public boolean isCmp_o1_o1() {
+        return cmpEquals(o1, o1);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public boolean isCmp_o1_o2() {
+        return cmpEquals(o1, o2);
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueLong {
+
+        public final long v0;
+
+        public ValueLong(long v0) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+        }
+
+        public long value() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/CopyBase.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/CopyBase.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8ba6e27c84d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/CopyBase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.copy;
+
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Param;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(3)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+public class CopyBase {
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static abstract class SizeState {
+
+        @Param({
+                "100",      // tiny size, to fit into all caches and check codegeneration quality
+                "1000000"   // large size, to be out of all caches and memory effects
+        })
+        public int size;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Identity.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Identity.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8e298df4a6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Identity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.copy;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+public class Identity extends CopyBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public static class RefState extends SizeState {
+        public IdentityInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IdentityInt[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_ref(IdentityInt[] dst, IdentityInt[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_int(InterfaceInt[] dst, InterfaceInt[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arraycopy_ref(IdentityInt[] dst, IdentityInt[] src) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arraycopy_int(InterfaceInt[] dst, InterfaceInt[] src) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_ref_as_ref(RefState st1, RefState st2) {
+        copy_ref(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arraycopy_ref_as_ref(RefState st1, RefState st2) {
+        arraycopy_ref(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Primitive032.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Primitive032.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9c1eafe274e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Primitive032.java
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.copy;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+public class Primitive032 extends CopyBase {
+
+    public static class PrimitiveState extends SizeState {
+        public int[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new int[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = i;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static void copy_primitive(int[] dst, int[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static void arraycopy_primitive(int[] dst, int[] src) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy(PrimitiveState st1, PrimitiveState st2) {
+        copy_primitive(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arraycopy(PrimitiveState st1, PrimitiveState st2) {
+        arraycopy_primitive(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Value032.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Value032.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fad494e0ece
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Value032.java
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.copy;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value032 extends CopyBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueInt[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_val(ValueInt[] dst, ValueInt[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_int(InterfaceInt[] dst, InterfaceInt[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arraycopy_val(ValueInt[] dst, ValueInt[] src) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arraycopy_int(InterfaceInt[] dst, InterfaceInt[] src) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_val_as_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        copy_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arraycopy_val_as_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        arraycopy_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_int_as_int(IntState st1, IntState st2) {
+        copy_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arraycopy_int_as_int(IntState st1, IntState st2) {
+        arraycopy_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Value032NullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Value032NullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d5310f60744
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Value032NullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.copy;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class Value032NullFree extends CopyBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt.class, size, new ValueInt(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_val(ValueInt[] dst, ValueInt[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_int(InterfaceInt[] dst, InterfaceInt[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arraycopy_val(ValueInt[] dst, ValueInt[] src) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arraycopy_int(InterfaceInt[] dst, InterfaceInt[] src) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_val_as_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        copy_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arraycopy_val_as_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        arraycopy_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_int_as_int(IntState st1, IntState st2) {
+        copy_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arraycopy_int_as_int(IntState st1, IntState st2) {
+        arraycopy_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..dace774868a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.copy;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class Value032NullFreeNonAtomic extends CopyBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt.class, size, new ValueInt(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_val(ValueInt[] dst, ValueInt[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_int(InterfaceInt[] dst, InterfaceInt[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arraycopy_val(ValueInt[] dst, ValueInt[] src) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arraycopy_int(InterfaceInt[] dst, InterfaceInt[] src) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_val_as_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        copy_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arraycopy_val_as_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        arraycopy_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_int_as_int(IntState st1, IntState st2) {
+        copy_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arraycopy_int_as_int(IntState st1, IntState st2) {
+        arraycopy_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Value128.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Value128.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..aeb828e9a97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Value128.java
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.copy;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value128 extends CopyBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueInt4[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_val(ValueInt4[] dst, ValueInt4[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_int(InterfaceInt[] dst, InterfaceInt[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arraycopy_val(ValueInt4[] dst, ValueInt4[] src) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arraycopy_int(InterfaceInt[] dst, InterfaceInt[] src) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_val_as_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        copy_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arraycopy_val_as_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        arraycopy_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_int_as_int(IntState st1, IntState st2) {
+        copy_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arraycopy_int_as_int(IntState st1, IntState st2) {
+        arraycopy_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Value128NullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Value128NullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0d771be401e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Value128NullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.copy;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class Value128NullFree extends CopyBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt4[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt4.class, size, new ValueInt4(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_val(ValueInt4[] dst, ValueInt4[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_int(InterfaceInt[] dst, InterfaceInt[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arraycopy_val(ValueInt4[] dst, ValueInt4[] src) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arraycopy_int(InterfaceInt[] dst, InterfaceInt[] src) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_val_as_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        copy_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arraycopy_val_as_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        arraycopy_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_int_as_int(IntState st1, IntState st2) {
+        copy_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arraycopy_int_as_int(IntState st1, IntState st2) {
+        arraycopy_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3a9d10519d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.copy;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class Value128NullFreeNonAtomic extends CopyBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt4[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt4.class, size, new ValueInt4(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_val(ValueInt4[] dst, ValueInt4[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_int(InterfaceInt[] dst, InterfaceInt[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arraycopy_val(ValueInt4[] dst, ValueInt4[] src) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arraycopy_int(InterfaceInt[] dst, InterfaceInt[] src) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_val_as_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        copy_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arraycopy_val_as_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        arraycopy_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_int_as_int(IntState st1, IntState st2) {
+        copy_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arraycopy_int_as_int(IntState st1, IntState st2) {
+        arraycopy_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/ValueOop.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/ValueOop.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b6751aee438
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/ValueOop.java
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.copy;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class ValueOop extends CopyBase {
+
+    public static class IdentityInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceOop {
+        public IdentityInt value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueRef implements InterfaceOop {
+
+        public final IdentityInt value;
+
+        public ValueRef(IdentityInt value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public IdentityInt value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueRef[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueRef[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceOop[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceOop[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_val(ValueRef[] dst, ValueRef[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_int(InterfaceOop[] dst, InterfaceOop[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arraycopy_val(ValueRef[] dst, ValueRef[] src) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arraycopy_int(InterfaceOop[] dst, InterfaceOop[] src) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_val_as_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        copy_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arraycopy_val_as_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        arraycopy_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_int_as_int(IntState st1, IntState st2) {
+        copy_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arraycopy_int_as_int(IntState st1, IntState st2) {
+        arraycopy_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/ValueOopNullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/ValueOopNullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5cb271c86c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/ValueOopNullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.copy;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class ValueOopNullFree extends CopyBase {
+
+    public static class IdentityInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceOop {
+        public IdentityInt value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueRef implements InterfaceOop {
+
+        public final IdentityInt value;
+
+        public ValueRef(IdentityInt value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public IdentityInt value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueRef[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueRef[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueRef.class, size, new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(0)));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceOop[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceOop[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_val(ValueRef[] dst, ValueRef[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_int(InterfaceOop[] dst, InterfaceOop[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arraycopy_val(ValueRef[] dst, ValueRef[] src) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arraycopy_int(InterfaceOop[] dst, InterfaceOop[] src) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_val_as_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        copy_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arraycopy_val_as_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        arraycopy_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_int_as_int(IntState st1, IntState st2) {
+        copy_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arraycopy_int_as_int(IntState st1, IntState st2) {
+        arraycopy_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9dfb57c1d3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/copy/ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.copy;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic extends CopyBase {
+
+    public static class IdentityInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceOop {
+        public IdentityInt value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueRef implements InterfaceOop {
+
+        public final IdentityInt value;
+
+        public ValueRef(IdentityInt value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public IdentityInt value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueRef[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueRef[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueRef.class, size, new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(0)));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceOop[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceOop[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_val(ValueRef[] dst, ValueRef[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_int(InterfaceOop[] dst, InterfaceOop[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arraycopy_val(ValueRef[] dst, ValueRef[] src) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arraycopy_int(InterfaceOop[] dst, InterfaceOop[] src) {
+        System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, 0, src.length);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_val_as_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        copy_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arraycopy_val_as_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        arraycopy_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_int_as_int(IntState st1, IntState st2) {
+        copy_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arraycopy_int_as_int(IntState st1, IntState st2) {
+        arraycopy_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/FillBase.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/FillBase.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e70ee86d601
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/FillBase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.fill;
+
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Param;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(3)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+public class FillBase {
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static abstract class SizeState {
+
+        @Param({
+                "100",      // tiny size, to fit into all caches and check codegeneration quality
+                "1000000"   // large size, to be out of all caches and memory effects
+        })
+        public int size;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Identity.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Identity.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..971733cfc36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Identity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.fill;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+public class Identity extends FillBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public static class RefState extends SizeState {
+        public IdentityInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IdentityInt[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class StaticHolder {
+        public static IdentityInt VALUE = new IdentityInt(42);
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class InstanceHolder {
+        public IdentityInt VALUE = new IdentityInt(42);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public IdentityInt get_ref(int i) {
+        return new IdentityInt(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_new_ref(IdentityInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new IdentityInt(42);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_new_ref(IdentityInt[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, new IdentityInt(42));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_local_ref(IdentityInt[] dst) {
+        IdentityInt local = get_ref(42);
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = local;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_local_ref(IdentityInt[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, get_ref(42));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_static_ref(IdentityInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = StaticHolder.VALUE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_static_ref(IdentityInt[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, StaticHolder.VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_instance_ref(IdentityInt[] dst, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = ih.VALUE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_instance_ref(IdentityInt[] dst, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, ih.VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_new(RefState st1) {
+        fill_new_ref(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_new(RefState st1) {
+        arrayfill_new_ref(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_local(RefState st1) {
+        fill_local_ref(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_local(RefState st1) {
+        arrayfill_local_ref(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_static(RefState st1) {
+        fill_static_ref(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_static(RefState st1) {
+        arrayfill_static_ref(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_instance(RefState st1, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        fill_instance_ref(st1.arr, ih);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_instance(RefState st1, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        arrayfill_instance_ref(st1.arr, ih);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Primitive032.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Primitive032.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..81da99335bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Primitive032.java
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.fill;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+public class Primitive032 extends FillBase {
+
+    public static class PrimitiveState extends SizeState {
+        public int[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new int[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = i;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static void fill_primitive(int[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = 42;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static void arrayfill_primitive(int[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, 42);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill(PrimitiveState st1) {
+        fill_primitive(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill(PrimitiveState st1) {
+        arrayfill_primitive(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Value032.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Value032.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8fda3d3d59f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Value032.java
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.fill;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value032 extends FillBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueInt[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class StaticHolder {
+        public static ValueInt VALUE = new ValueInt(42);
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class InstanceHolder {
+        public ValueInt VALUE = new ValueInt(42);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueInt get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_new_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueInt(42);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_new_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, new ValueInt(42));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_local_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        ValueInt local = get_val(42);
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = local;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_local_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, get_val(42));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_static_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = StaticHolder.VALUE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_static_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, StaticHolder.VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_instance_val(ValueInt[] dst, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = ih.VALUE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_instance_val(ValueInt[] dst, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, ih.VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_new(ValState st1) {
+        fill_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_new(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_local(ValState st1) {
+        fill_local_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_local(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_local_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_static(ValState st1) {
+        fill_static_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_static(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_static_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_instance(ValState st1, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        fill_instance_val(st1.arr, ih);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_instance(ValState st1, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        arrayfill_instance_val(st1.arr, ih);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Value032NullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Value032NullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5189dc18b5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Value032NullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.fill;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class Value032NullFree extends FillBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt.class, size, new ValueInt(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class StaticHolder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public static ValueInt VALUE = new ValueInt(42);
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class InstanceHolder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueInt VALUE;
+
+        public InstanceHolder() {
+            VALUE = new ValueInt(42);
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueInt get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_new_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueInt(42);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_new_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, new ValueInt(42));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_local_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        ValueInt local = get_val(42);
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = local;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_local_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, get_val(42));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_static_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = StaticHolder.VALUE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_static_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, StaticHolder.VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_instance_val(ValueInt[] dst, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = ih.VALUE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_instance_val(ValueInt[] dst, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, ih.VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_new(ValState st1) {
+        fill_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_new(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_local(ValState st1) {
+        fill_local_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_local(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_local_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_static(ValState st1) {
+        fill_static_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_static(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_static_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_instance(ValState st1, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        fill_instance_val(st1.arr, ih);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_instance(ValState st1, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        arrayfill_instance_val(st1.arr, ih);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2863340a6c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.fill;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class Value032NullFreeNonAtomic extends FillBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt.class, size, new ValueInt(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class StaticHolder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public static ValueInt VALUE = new ValueInt(42);
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class InstanceHolder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueInt VALUE;
+
+        public InstanceHolder() {
+            VALUE = new ValueInt(42);
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueInt get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_new_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueInt(42);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_new_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, new ValueInt(42));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_local_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        ValueInt local = get_val(42);
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = local;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_local_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, get_val(42));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_static_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = StaticHolder.VALUE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_static_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, StaticHolder.VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_instance_val(ValueInt[] dst, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = ih.VALUE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_instance_val(ValueInt[] dst, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, ih.VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_new(ValState st1) {
+        fill_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_new(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_local(ValState st1) {
+        fill_local_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_local(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_local_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_static(ValState st1) {
+        fill_static_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_static(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_static_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_instance(ValState st1, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        fill_instance_val(st1.arr, ih);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_instance(ValState st1, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        arrayfill_instance_val(st1.arr, ih);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Value128.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Value128.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ca043c7abef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Value128.java
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.fill;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value128 extends FillBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueInt4[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class StaticHolder {
+        public static ValueInt4 VALUE = new ValueInt4(42);
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class InstanceHolder {
+        public ValueInt4 VALUE = new ValueInt4(42);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueInt4 get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt4(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_new_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueInt4(42);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_new_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, new ValueInt4(42));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_local_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        ValueInt4 local = get_val(42);
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = local;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_local_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, get_val(42));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_static_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = StaticHolder.VALUE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_static_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, StaticHolder.VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_instance_val(ValueInt4[] dst, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = ih.VALUE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_instance_val(ValueInt4[] dst, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, ih.VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_new(ValState st1) {
+        fill_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_new(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_local(ValState st1) {
+        fill_local_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_local(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_local_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_static(ValState st1) {
+        fill_static_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_static(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_static_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_instance(ValState st1, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        fill_instance_val(st1.arr, ih);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_instance(ValState st1, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        arrayfill_instance_val(st1.arr, ih);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Value128NullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Value128NullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..81cc25a92a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Value128NullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.fill;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class Value128NullFree extends FillBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt4[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt4.class, size, new ValueInt4(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class StaticHolder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public static ValueInt4 VALUE = new ValueInt4(42);
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class InstanceHolder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueInt4 VALUE;
+
+        public InstanceHolder() {
+            VALUE = new ValueInt4(42);
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueInt4 get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt4(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_new_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueInt4(42);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_new_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, new ValueInt4(42));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_local_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        ValueInt4 local = get_val(42);
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = local;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_local_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, get_val(42));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_static_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = StaticHolder.VALUE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_static_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, StaticHolder.VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_instance_val(ValueInt4[] dst, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = ih.VALUE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_instance_val(ValueInt4[] dst, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, ih.VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_new(ValState st1) {
+        fill_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_new(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_local(ValState st1) {
+        fill_local_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_local(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_local_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_static(ValState st1) {
+        fill_static_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_static(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_static_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_instance(ValState st1, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        fill_instance_val(st1.arr, ih);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_instance(ValState st1, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        arrayfill_instance_val(st1.arr, ih);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..576df679591
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.fill;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class Value128NullFreeNonAtomic extends FillBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt4[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt4.class, size, new ValueInt4(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class StaticHolder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public static ValueInt4 VALUE = new ValueInt4(42);
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class InstanceHolder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueInt4 VALUE;
+
+        public InstanceHolder() {
+            VALUE = new ValueInt4(42);
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueInt4 get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt4(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_new_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueInt4(42);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_new_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, new ValueInt4(42));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_local_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        ValueInt4 local = get_val(42);
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = local;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_local_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, get_val(42));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_static_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = StaticHolder.VALUE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_static_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, StaticHolder.VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_instance_val(ValueInt4[] dst, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = ih.VALUE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_instance_val(ValueInt4[] dst, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, ih.VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_new(ValState st1) {
+        fill_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_new(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_local(ValState st1) {
+        fill_local_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_local(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_local_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_static(ValState st1) {
+        fill_static_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_static(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_static_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_instance(ValState st1, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        fill_instance_val(st1.arr, ih);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_instance(ValState st1, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        arrayfill_instance_val(st1.arr, ih);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/ValueOop.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/ValueOop.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8ecc5b4cf9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/ValueOop.java
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.fill;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class ValueOop extends FillBase {
+
+    public static class IdentityInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceOop {
+        public IdentityInt value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueRef implements InterfaceOop {
+
+        public final IdentityInt value;
+
+        public ValueRef(IdentityInt value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public IdentityInt value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueRef[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueRef[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class StaticHolder {
+        public static ValueRef VALUE = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(42));
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class InstanceHolder {
+        public ValueRef VALUE = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(42));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueRef get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_new_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(42));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_new_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(42)));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_local_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        ValueRef local = get_val(42);
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = local;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_local_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, get_val(42));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_static_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = StaticHolder.VALUE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_static_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, StaticHolder.VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_instance_val(ValueRef[] dst, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = ih.VALUE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_instance_val(ValueRef[] dst, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, ih.VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_new(ValState st1) {
+        fill_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_new(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_local(ValState st1) {
+        fill_local_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_local(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_local_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_static(ValState st1) {
+        fill_static_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_static(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_static_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_instance(ValState st1, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        fill_instance_val(st1.arr, ih);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_instance(ValState st1, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        arrayfill_instance_val(st1.arr, ih);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/ValueOopNullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/ValueOopNullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4adc8009221
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/ValueOopNullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.fill;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class ValueOopNullFree extends FillBase {
+
+    public static class IdentityInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceOop {
+        public IdentityInt value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueRef implements InterfaceOop {
+
+        public final IdentityInt value;
+
+        public ValueRef(IdentityInt value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public IdentityInt value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueRef[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueRef[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueRef.class, size, new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(0)));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class StaticHolder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public static ValueRef VALUE = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(42));
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class InstanceHolder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueRef VALUE;
+
+        public InstanceHolder() {
+            VALUE = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(42));
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueRef get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_new_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(42));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_new_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(42)));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_local_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        ValueRef local = get_val(42);
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = local;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_local_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, get_val(42));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_static_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = StaticHolder.VALUE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_static_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, StaticHolder.VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_instance_val(ValueRef[] dst, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = ih.VALUE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_instance_val(ValueRef[] dst, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, ih.VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_new(ValState st1) {
+        fill_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_new(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_local(ValState st1) {
+        fill_local_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_local(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_local_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_static(ValState st1) {
+        fill_static_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_static(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_static_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_instance(ValState st1, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        fill_instance_val(st1.arr, ih);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_instance(ValState st1, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        arrayfill_instance_val(st1.arr, ih);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c8a4aaa32bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/fill/ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.fill;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic extends FillBase {
+
+    public static class IdentityInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceOop {
+        public IdentityInt value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueRef implements InterfaceOop {
+
+        public final IdentityInt value;
+
+        public ValueRef(IdentityInt value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public IdentityInt value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueRef[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueRef[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueRef.class, size, new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(0)));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class StaticHolder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public static ValueRef VALUE = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(42));
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class InstanceHolder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueRef VALUE;
+
+        public InstanceHolder() {
+            VALUE = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(42));
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueRef get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_new_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(42));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_new_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(42)));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_local_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        ValueRef local = get_val(42);
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = local;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_local_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, get_val(42));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_static_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = StaticHolder.VALUE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_static_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, StaticHolder.VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void fill_instance_val(ValueRef[] dst, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = ih.VALUE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void arrayfill_instance_val(ValueRef[] dst, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        Arrays.fill(dst, ih.VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_new(ValState st1) {
+        fill_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_new(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_local(ValState st1) {
+        fill_local_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_local(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_local_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_static(ValState st1) {
+        fill_static_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_static(ValState st1) {
+        arrayfill_static_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void fill_instance(ValState st1, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        fill_instance_val(st1.arr, ih);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void arrayfill_instance(ValState st1, InstanceHolder ih) {
+        arrayfill_instance_val(st1.arr, ih);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/HoistArrayChecks.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/HoistArrayChecks.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7e5fa1e7178
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/HoistArrayChecks.java
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.read;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.*;
+
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Fork(3)
+public class HoistArrayChecks {
+    private static final int SIZE = 1_000_000;
+
+    value record Point(byte x, byte y) {
+        static final Point DEFAULT = new Point((byte) 0, (byte) 0);
+    }
+
+    Point[] nonAtomicFlatArray = (Point[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Point.class, SIZE, Point.DEFAULT);
+    Point[] atomicFlatArray = (Point[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(Point.class, SIZE, Point.DEFAULT);
+    Point[] nullableFlatArray = (Point[]) ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(Point.class, SIZE);
+
+    @Setup
+    public void setup() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            nullableFlatArray[i] = Point.DEFAULT;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int nonAtomicNaive() {
+        int sum = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            Point p = nonAtomicFlatArray[i];
+            sum += p.x + p.y;
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int nonAtomicHoisted() {
+        Point[] array = nonAtomicFlatArray;
+        int sum = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            Point p = array[i];
+            sum += p.x + p.y;
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int atomicNaive() {
+        int sum = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            Point p = atomicFlatArray[i];
+            sum += p.x + p.y;
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int atomicHoisted() {
+        Point[] array = atomicFlatArray;
+        int sum = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            Point p = array[i];
+            sum += p.x + p.y;
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int nullableNaive() {
+        int sum = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            Point p = nullableFlatArray[i];
+            sum += p.x + p.y;
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int nullableHoisted() {
+        Point[] array = nullableFlatArray;
+        int sum = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            Point p = array[i];
+            sum += p.x + p.y;
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Identity.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Identity.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c5cd3261339
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Identity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.read;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+public class Identity extends ReadBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public static class RefState extends SizeState {
+        public IdentityInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IdentityInt[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_ref(IdentityInt[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(RefState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_ref(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Primitive032.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Primitive032.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1d78186d8ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Primitive032.java
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.read;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+public class Primitive032 extends ReadBase {
+
+    public static class PrimitiveState extends SizeState {
+        public int[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new int[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = i;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static void read_primitive(int[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(PrimitiveState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_primitive(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/ReadBase.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/ReadBase.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b8bae66cffd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/ReadBase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.read;
+
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Param;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(3)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+public class ReadBase {
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static abstract class SizeState {
+
+        @Param({
+                "100",      // tiny size, to fit into all caches and check codegeneration quality
+                "1000000"   // large size, to be out of all caches and memory effects
+        })
+        public int size;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Value032.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Value032.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d3a8f19e1c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Value032.java
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.read;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value032 extends ReadBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueInt[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_val(ValueInt[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(ValState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_val(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Value032NullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Value032NullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..698df68f1fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Value032NullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.read;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class Value032NullFree extends ReadBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt.class, size, new ValueInt(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_val(ValueInt[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(ValState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_val(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e9ce85ab804
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.read;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class Value032NullFreeNonAtomic extends ReadBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt.class, size, new ValueInt(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_val(ValueInt[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(ValState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_val(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Value128.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Value128.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..071297109c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Value128.java
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.read;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value128 extends ReadBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueInt4[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_val(ValueInt4[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(ValState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_val(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Value128NullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Value128NullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bfe4f0bd12b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Value128NullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.read;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class Value128NullFree extends ReadBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt4[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt4.class, size, new ValueInt4(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_val(ValueInt4[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(ValState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_val(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e01c311a6a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.read;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class Value128NullFreeNonAtomic extends ReadBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt4[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt4.class, size, new ValueInt4(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_val(ValueInt4[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(ValState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_val(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/ValueOop.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/ValueOop.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..105de0b13b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/ValueOop.java
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.read;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class ValueOop extends ReadBase {
+
+    public static class IdentityInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceOop {
+        public IdentityInt value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueRef implements InterfaceOop {
+
+        public final IdentityInt value;
+
+        public ValueRef(IdentityInt value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public IdentityInt value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueRef[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueRef[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_val(ValueRef[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(ValState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_val(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/ValueOopNullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/ValueOopNullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6e66f180410
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/ValueOopNullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.read;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class ValueOopNullFree extends ReadBase {
+
+    public static class IdentityInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceOop {
+        public IdentityInt value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueRef implements InterfaceOop {
+
+        public final IdentityInt value;
+
+        public ValueRef(IdentityInt value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public IdentityInt value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueRef[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueRef[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueRef.class, size, new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(0)));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_val(ValueRef[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(ValState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_val(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7d4015fc20f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/read/ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.read;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic extends ReadBase {
+
+    public static class IdentityInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceOop {
+        public IdentityInt value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueRef implements InterfaceOop {
+
+        public final IdentityInt value;
+
+        public ValueRef(IdentityInt value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public IdentityInt value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueRef[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueRef[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueRef.class, size, new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(0)));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_val(ValueRef[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(ValState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_val(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/Identity.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/Identity.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1b7bfa196f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/Identity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.readpartial;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+public class Identity extends ReadBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public static class RefState extends SizeState {
+        public IdentityInt4[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IdentityInt4[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt4(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_ref(IdentityInt4[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i].value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(RefState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_ref(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/Primitive128.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/Primitive128.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..de95bac7f7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/Primitive128.java
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.readpartial;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+public class Primitive128 extends ReadBase {
+
+    public static class PrimitiveState extends SizeState {
+        public int[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new int[size * 4];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = i;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static void read_primitive(int[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i += 4) {
+            bh.consume(src[i + 3]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(PrimitiveState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_primitive(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/ReadBase.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/ReadBase.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e8818239ed7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/ReadBase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.readpartial;
+
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Param;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(3)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+public class ReadBase {
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static abstract class SizeState {
+
+        @Param({
+                "100",      // tiny size, to fit into all caches and check codegeneration quality
+                "1000000"   // large size, to be out of all caches and memory effects
+        })
+        public int size;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/Value128.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/Value128.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f7eaf45bdd5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/Value128.java
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.readpartial;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value128 extends ReadBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueInt4[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_val(ValueInt4[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i].value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(ValState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_val(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/Value128NullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/Value128NullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f6d912167e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/Value128NullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.readpartial;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class Value128NullFree extends ReadBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt4[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt4.class, size, new ValueInt4(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_val(ValueInt4[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i].value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(ValState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_val(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b8b450dc52e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.readpartial;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class Value128NullFreeNonAtomic extends ReadBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt4[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt4.class, size, new ValueInt4(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_val(ValueInt4[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_int(InterfaceInt[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i].value());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(ValState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_val(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/ValueOop.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/ValueOop.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f2241674aea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/ValueOop.java
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.readpartial;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class ValueOop extends ReadBase {
+
+    public static class IdentityInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceOop {
+        public IdentityInt value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueRef4 implements InterfaceOop {
+        public final IdentityInt prevalue0;
+        public final IdentityInt prevalue1;
+        public final IdentityInt prevalue2;
+        public final IdentityInt value;
+
+        public ValueRef4(IdentityInt value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public IdentityInt value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueRef4[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueRef4[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueRef4(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_val(ValueRef4[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i].value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(ValState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_val(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/ValueOopNullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/ValueOopNullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f62d517e910
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/ValueOopNullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.readpartial;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class ValueOopNullFree extends ReadBase {
+
+    public static class IdentityInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceOop {
+        public IdentityInt value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueRef4 implements InterfaceOop {
+        public final IdentityInt prevalue0;
+        public final IdentityInt prevalue1;
+        public final IdentityInt prevalue2;
+        public final IdentityInt value;
+
+        public ValueRef4(IdentityInt value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public IdentityInt value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueRef4[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueRef4[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueRef4.class, size, new ValueRef4(new IdentityInt(0)));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueRef4(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_val(ValueRef4[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i].value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(ValState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_val(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fd0fe34eb15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/readpartial/ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.readpartial;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic extends ReadBase {
+
+    public static class IdentityInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceOop {
+        public IdentityInt value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueRef4 implements InterfaceOop {
+        public final IdentityInt prevalue0;
+        public final IdentityInt prevalue1;
+        public final IdentityInt prevalue2;
+        public final IdentityInt value;
+
+        public ValueRef4(IdentityInt value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public IdentityInt value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueRef4[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueRef4[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueRef4.class, size, new ValueRef4(new IdentityInt(0)));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueRef4(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_val(ValueRef4[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i].value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(ValState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_val(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Identity.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Identity.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2a341776f52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Identity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.set;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+public class Identity extends SetBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public static class RefState extends SizeState {
+        public IdentityInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IdentityInt[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public IdentityInt get_ref(int i) {
+        return new IdentityInt(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public InterfaceInt get_int(int i) {
+        return new IdentityInt(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new_ref(IdentityInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new IdentityInt(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new_int(InterfaceInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new IdentityInt(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call_ref(IdentityInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = get_ref(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call_int(InterfaceInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = get_int(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_ref_as_ref(RefState st1) {
+        set_new_ref(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_int_as_int(IntState st1) {
+        set_new_int(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_ref_as_ref(RefState st1) {
+        set_call_ref(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_int_as_int(IntState st1) {
+        set_call_int(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Primitive032.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Primitive032.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..805f686d5cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Primitive032.java
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.set;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+public class Primitive032 extends SetBase {
+
+    public static class PrimitiveState extends SizeState {
+        public int[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new int[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = i;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int get_primitive(int i) {
+        return i;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static void set_primitive(int[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = i;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static void set_call_primitive(int[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = get_primitive(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set(PrimitiveState st1) {
+        set_primitive(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call(PrimitiveState st1) {
+        set_call_primitive(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/SetBase.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/SetBase.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..274452493f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/SetBase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.set;
+
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Param;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(3)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+public class SetBase {
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static abstract class SizeState {
+
+        @Param({
+                "100",      // tiny size, to fit into all caches and check codegeneration quality
+                "1000000"   // large size, to be out of all caches and memory effects
+        })
+        public int size;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Value032.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Value032.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a8376a9af3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Value032.java
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.set;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value032 extends SetBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueInt[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueInt get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public InterfaceInt get_int(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new_int(InterfaceInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = get_val(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call_int(InterfaceInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = get_int(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_val_as_val(ValState st1) {
+        set_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_int_as_int(IntState st1) {
+        set_new_int(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_val_as_val(ValState st1) {
+        set_call_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_int_as_int(IntState st1) {
+        set_call_int(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Value032NullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Value032NullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..33152c1c306
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Value032NullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.set;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class Value032NullFree extends SetBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt.class, size, new ValueInt(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueInt get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public InterfaceInt get_int(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new_int(InterfaceInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = get_val(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call_int(InterfaceInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = get_int(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_val_as_val(ValState st1) {
+        set_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_int_as_int(IntState st1) {
+        set_new_int(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_val_as_val(ValState st1) {
+        set_call_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_int_as_int(IntState st1) {
+        set_call_int(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..84508db7b73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.set;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class Value032NullFreeNonAtomic extends SetBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt.class, size, new ValueInt(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueInt get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public InterfaceInt get_int(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new_int(InterfaceInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call_val(ValueInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = get_val(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call_int(InterfaceInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = get_int(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_val_as_val(ValState st1) {
+        set_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_int_as_int(IntState st1) {
+        set_new_int(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_val_as_val(ValState st1) {
+        set_call_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_int_as_int(IntState st1) {
+        set_call_int(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Value128.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Value128.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e0b7ea9262b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Value128.java
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.set;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value128 extends SetBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueInt4[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueInt4 get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt4(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public InterfaceInt get_int(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt4(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new_int(InterfaceInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = get_val(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call_int(InterfaceInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = get_int(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_val_as_val(ValState st1) {
+        set_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_int_as_int(IntState st1) {
+        set_new_int(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_val_as_val(ValState st1) {
+        set_call_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_int_as_int(IntState st1) {
+        set_call_int(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Value128NullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Value128NullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6c69c36c05f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Value128NullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.set;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class Value128NullFree extends SetBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt4[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt4.class, size, new ValueInt4(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueInt4 get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt4(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public InterfaceInt get_int(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt4(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new_int(InterfaceInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = get_val(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call_int(InterfaceInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = get_int(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_val_as_val(ValState st1) {
+        set_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_int_as_int(IntState st1) {
+        set_new_int(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_val_as_val(ValState st1) {
+        set_call_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_int_as_int(IntState st1) {
+        set_call_int(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1d9840c8250
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.set;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class Value128NullFreeNonAtomic extends SetBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt4[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt4.class, size, new ValueInt4(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueInt4 get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt4(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public InterfaceInt get_int(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt4(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new_int(InterfaceInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueInt4(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call_val(ValueInt4[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = get_val(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call_int(InterfaceInt[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = get_int(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_val_as_val(ValState st1) {
+        set_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_int_as_int(IntState st1) {
+        set_new_int(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_val_as_val(ValState st1) {
+        set_call_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_int_as_int(IntState st1) {
+        set_call_int(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/ValueOop.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/ValueOop.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..213b1517ce8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/ValueOop.java
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.set;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class ValueOop extends SetBase {
+
+    public static class IdentityInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceOop {
+        public IdentityInt value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueRef implements InterfaceOop {
+
+        public final IdentityInt value;
+
+        public ValueRef(IdentityInt value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public IdentityInt value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueRef[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueRef[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceOop[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceOop[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueRef get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public InterfaceOop get_int(int i) {
+        return new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new_int(InterfaceOop[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = get_val(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call_int(InterfaceOop[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = get_int(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_val_as_val(ValState st1) {
+        set_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_int_as_int(IntState st1) {
+        set_new_int(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_val_as_val(ValState st1) {
+        set_call_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_int_as_int(IntState st1) {
+        set_call_int(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/ValueOopNullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/ValueOopNullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2c29fb250f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/ValueOopNullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.set;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class ValueOopNullFree extends SetBase {
+
+    public static class IdentityInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceOop {
+        public IdentityInt value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueRef implements InterfaceOop {
+
+        public final IdentityInt value;
+
+        public ValueRef(IdentityInt value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public IdentityInt value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueRef[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueRef[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueRef.class, size, new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(0)));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceOop[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceOop[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueRef get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public InterfaceOop get_int(int i) {
+        return new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new_int(InterfaceOop[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = get_val(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call_int(InterfaceOop[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = get_int(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_val_as_val(ValState st1) {
+        set_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_int_as_int(IntState st1) {
+        set_new_int(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_val_as_val(ValState st1) {
+        set_call_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_int_as_int(IntState st1) {
+        set_call_int(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ce038ef46aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/set/ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.set;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class ValueOopNullFreeNonAtomic extends SetBase {
+
+    public static class IdentityInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceOop {
+        public IdentityInt value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueRef implements InterfaceOop {
+
+        public final IdentityInt value;
+
+        public ValueRef(IdentityInt value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public IdentityInt value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueRef[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueRef[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueRef.class, size, new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(0)));
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceOop[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceOop[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueRef get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public InterfaceOop get_int(int i) {
+        return new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new_int(InterfaceOop[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = new ValueRef(new IdentityInt(i));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call_val(ValueRef[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = get_val(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call_int(InterfaceOop[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i] = get_int(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_val_as_val(ValState st1) {
+        set_new_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_int_as_int(IntState st1) {
+        set_new_int(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_val_as_val(ValState st1) {
+        set_call_val(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_int_as_int(IntState st1) {
+        set_call_int(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Identity.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Identity.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9ece262c815
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Identity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.walk;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+public class Identity extends WalkBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+
+    public static class RefState extends SizeState {
+        public IdentityInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IdentityInt[size];
+            int[] a = makeRandomRing(arr.length);
+            for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt(a[i]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[size];
+            int[] a = makeRandomRing(arr.length);
+            for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt(a[i]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int walk_ref(IdentityInt[] values) {
+        int steps = 0;
+        for (int i = values[0].value(); i != 0; i = values[i].value()) steps++;
+        return steps;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int walk_int(InterfaceInt[] values) {
+        int steps = 0;
+        for (int i = values[0].value(); i != 0; i = values[i].value()) steps++;
+        return steps;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int walk_ref_as_ref(RefState st) {
+        return walk_ref(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int walk_int_as_int(IntState st) {
+        return walk_int(st.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Primitive.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Primitive.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..098f45f134e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Primitive.java
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.walk;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+public class Primitive extends WalkBase {
+
+    public static class PrimState extends SizeState {
+        public int[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = makeRandomRing(size);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int walk(PrimState s) {
+        int steps = 0;
+        int[] values = s.arr;
+        for (int i = values[0]; i != 0; i = values[i]) steps++;
+        return steps;
+    }
+
+}
+
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Value032.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Value032.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f02e19fddb8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Value032.java
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.walk;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value032 extends WalkBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueInt[size];
+            int[] a = makeRandomRing(arr.length);
+            for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(a[i]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[size];
+            int[] a = makeRandomRing(arr.length);
+            for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(a[i]);
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int walk_val(ValueInt[] values) {
+        int steps = 0;
+        for (int i = values[0].value(); i != 0; i = values[i].value()) steps++;
+        return steps;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int walk_int(InterfaceInt[] values) {
+        int steps = 0;
+        for (int i = values[0].value(); i != 0; i = values[i].value()) steps++;
+        return steps;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int walk_val_as_val(ValState st) {
+        return walk_val(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+       public int walk_int_as_int(IntState st) {
+        return walk_int(st.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Value032NullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Value032NullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..96dee5bea6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Value032NullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.walk;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class Value032NullFree extends WalkBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static  class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt.class, size, new ValueInt(0));
+            int[] a = makeRandomRing(arr.length);
+            for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(a[i]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[size];
+            int[] a = makeRandomRing(arr.length);
+            for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(a[i]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int walk_val(ValueInt[] values) {
+        int steps = 0;
+        for (int i = values[0].value(); i != 0; i = values[i].value()) steps++;
+        return steps;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int walk_int(InterfaceInt[] values) {
+        int steps = 0;
+        for (int i = values[0].value(); i != 0; i = values[i].value()) steps++;
+        return steps;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int walk_val_as_val(ValState st) {
+        return walk_val(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int walk_int_as_int(IntState st) {
+        return walk_int(st.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..33aa7f80d18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.walk;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class Value032NullFreeNonAtomic extends WalkBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt.class, size, new ValueInt(0));
+            int[] a = makeRandomRing(arr.length);
+            for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(a[i]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[size];
+            int[] a = makeRandomRing(arr.length);
+            for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(a[i]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int walk_val(ValueInt[] values) {
+        int steps = 0;
+        for (int i = values[0].value(); i != 0; i = values[i].value()) steps++;
+        return steps;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int walk_int(InterfaceInt[] values) {
+        int steps = 0;
+        for (int i = values[0].value(); i != 0; i = values[i].value()) steps++;
+        return steps;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int walk_val_as_val(ValState st) {
+        return walk_val(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int walk_int_as_int(IntState st) {
+        return walk_int(st.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Value128.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Value128.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f336ef9aa06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Value128.java
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.walk;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value128 extends WalkBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueInt4[size];
+            int[] a = makeRandomRing(arr.length);
+            for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(a[i]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[size];
+            int[] a = makeRandomRing(arr.length);
+            for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(a[i]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int walk_val(ValueInt4[] values) {
+        int steps = 0;
+        for (int i = values[0].value(); i != 0; i = values[i].value()) steps++;
+        return steps;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int walk_int(InterfaceInt[] values) {
+        int steps = 0;
+        for (int i = values[0].value(); i != 0; i = values[i].value()) steps++;
+        return steps;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int walk_val_as_val(ValState st) {
+        return walk_val(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int walk_int_as_int(IntState st) {
+        return walk_int(st.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Value128NullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Value128NullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f42633ce3eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Value128NullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.walk;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class Value128NullFree extends WalkBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt4[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt4.class, size, new ValueInt4(0));
+            int[] a = makeRandomRing(arr.length);
+            for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(a[i]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[size];
+            int[] a = makeRandomRing(arr.length);
+            for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(a[i]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int walk_val(ValueInt4[] values) {
+        int steps = 0;
+        for (int i = values[0].value(); i != 0; i = values[i].value()) steps++;
+        return steps;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int walk_int(InterfaceInt[] values) {
+        int steps = 0;
+        for (int i = values[0].value(); i != 0; i = values[i].value()) steps++;
+        return steps;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int walk_val_as_val(ValState st) {
+        return walk_val(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int walk_int_as_int(IntState st) {
+        return walk_int(st.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4a90370ce93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.walk;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class Value128NullFreeNonAtomic extends WalkBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt4[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt4.class, size, new ValueInt4(0));
+            int[] a = makeRandomRing(arr.length);
+            for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(a[i]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[size];
+            int[] a = makeRandomRing(arr.length);
+            for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4(a[i]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int walk_val(ValueInt4[] values) {
+        int steps = 0;
+        for (int i = values[0].value(); i != 0; i = values[i].value()) steps++;
+        return steps;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int walk_int(InterfaceInt[] values) {
+        int steps = 0;
+        for (int i = values[0].value(); i != 0; i = values[i].value()) steps++;
+        return steps;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int walk_val_as_val(ValState st) {
+        return walk_val(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int walk_int_as_int(IntState st) {
+        return walk_int(st.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/WalkBase.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/WalkBase.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0ad521a7481
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/array/walk/WalkBase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.array.walk;
+
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Param;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(3)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+public class WalkBase {
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static abstract class SizeState {
+
+        @Param({
+                "100",      // tiny size, to fit into all caches and check codegeneration quality
+                "1000000"   // large size, to be out of all caches and memory effects
+        })
+        public int size;
+    }
+
+    public static void shuffle(int[] a, Random rnd) {
+        for (int i = a.length; i > 1; i--) {
+            int idx = rnd.nextInt(i);
+            int tmp = a[i - 1];
+            a[i - 1] = a[idx];
+            a[idx] = tmp;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static int[] makeRandomRing(int size) {
+        int[] A = new int[size - 1];
+        for (int i = 0; i < A.length; i++) {
+            A[i] = i + 1;
+        }
+        shuffle(A, new Random(42));
+        int[] a = new int[size];
+        int x = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < A.length; i++) {
+            x = a[x] = A[i];
+        }
+        a[x] = 0;
+        return a;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Primitive1.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Primitive1.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8fbda154758
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Primitive1.java
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.callconv;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(3)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Primitive1 {
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 96;  // must be divisible by 2 and 3 and around 100
+
+    public abstract static class InvocationLogic {
+        public abstract int compute(int v1);
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl1 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public int compute(int v1) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl2 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public int compute(int v1) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl3 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public int compute(int v1) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class StateTargets {
+        InvocationLogic[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InvocationLogic[SIZE];
+            Arrays.setAll(arr, i -> getImpl(i, 3));
+        }
+
+        private  InvocationLogic getImpl(int i, int targets) {
+            return switch (i % targets) {
+                case 0 -> new InvokeImpl1();
+                case 1 -> new InvokeImpl2();
+                default -> new InvokeImpl3();
+            };
+        }
+    }
+
+    int a0 = 42;
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void primitive_args1(Blackhole bh, StateTargets st) {
+        InvocationLogic[] arr = st.arr;
+        for (InvocationLogic t : arr) {
+            bh.consume(t.compute(a0));
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Primitive2.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Primitive2.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ae7065b1391
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Primitive2.java
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.callconv;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(3)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Primitive2 {
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 96;  // must be divisible by 2 and 3 and around 100
+
+    public abstract static class InvocationLogic {
+        public abstract int compute(int v1, int v2);
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl1 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public int compute(int v1, int v2) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl2 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public int compute(int v1, int v2) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl3 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public int compute(int v1, int v2) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class StateTargets {
+        InvocationLogic[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InvocationLogic[SIZE];
+            Arrays.setAll(arr, i -> getImpl(i, 3));
+        }
+
+        private  InvocationLogic getImpl(int i, int targets) {
+            return switch (i % targets) {
+                case 0 -> new InvokeImpl1();
+                case 1 -> new InvokeImpl2();
+                default -> new InvokeImpl3();
+            };
+        }
+    }
+
+    int a0 = 42;
+    int a1 = 43;
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void primitive_args2(Blackhole bh, StateTargets st) {
+        InvocationLogic[] arr = st.arr;
+        for (InvocationLogic t : arr) {
+            bh.consume(t.compute(a0, a1));
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Primitive4.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Primitive4.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d31471b5e8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Primitive4.java
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.callconv;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(3)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Primitive4 {
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 96;  // must be divisible by 2 and 3 and around 100
+
+    public abstract static class InvocationLogic {
+        public abstract int compute(int v1, int v2, int v3, int v4);
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl1 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public int compute(int v1, int v2, int v3, int v4) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl2 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public int compute(int v1, int v2, int v3, int v4) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl3 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public int compute(int v1, int v2, int v3, int v4) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class StateTargets {
+        InvocationLogic[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InvocationLogic[SIZE];
+            Arrays.setAll(arr, i -> getImpl(i, 3));
+        }
+
+        private  InvocationLogic getImpl(int i, int targets) {
+            return switch (i % targets) {
+                case 0 -> new InvokeImpl1();
+                case 1 -> new InvokeImpl2();
+                default -> new InvokeImpl3();
+            };
+        }
+    }
+
+    int a0 = 42;
+    int a1 = 43;
+    int a2 = 44;
+    int a3 = 45;
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void primitive_args4(Blackhole bh, StateTargets st) {
+        InvocationLogic[] arr = st.arr;
+        for (InvocationLogic t : arr) {
+            bh.consume(t.compute(a0, a1, a2, a3));
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Primitive8.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Primitive8.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0eddbc37f2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Primitive8.java
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.callconv;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(3)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Primitive8 {
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 96;  // must be divisible by 2 and 3 and around 100
+
+    public abstract static class InvocationLogic {
+        public abstract int compute(int v1, int v2, int v3, int v4, int v5, int v6, int v7, int v8);
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl1 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public int compute(int v1, int v2, int v3, int v4, int v5, int v6, int v7, int v8) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl2 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public int compute(int v1, int v2, int v3, int v4, int v5, int v6, int v7, int v8) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl3 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public int compute(int v1, int v2, int v3, int v4, int v5, int v6, int v7, int v8) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class StateTargets {
+        InvocationLogic[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InvocationLogic[SIZE];
+            Arrays.setAll(arr, i -> getImpl(i, 3));
+        }
+
+        private  InvocationLogic getImpl(int i, int targets) {
+            return switch (i % targets) {
+                case 0 -> new InvokeImpl1();
+                case 1 -> new InvokeImpl2();
+                default -> new InvokeImpl3();
+            };
+        }
+    }
+
+    int a0 = 42;
+    int a1 = 43;
+    int a2 = 44;
+    int a3 = 45;
+    int a4 = 46;
+    int a5 = 47;
+    int a6 = 48;
+    int a7 = 49;
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void primitive_args8(Blackhole bh, StateTargets st) {
+        InvocationLogic[] arr = st.arr;
+        for (InvocationLogic t : arr) {
+            bh.consume(t.compute(a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7));
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Value1.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Value1.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b4875646cc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Value1.java
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.callconv;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Value1 {
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 96;  // must be divisible by 2 and 3 and around 100
+
+    public static value class ValueInt1 {
+
+        public final int v0;
+
+        public ValueInt1(int v0) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+        public static ValueInt1 valueOf(int value) {
+            return new ValueInt1(value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public abstract static class InvocationLogic {
+        public abstract ValueInt1 compute(ValueInt1 v1);
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl1 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt1 compute(ValueInt1 v1) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl2 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt1 compute(ValueInt1 v1) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl3 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt1 compute(ValueInt1 v1) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class StateTargets {
+        InvocationLogic[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InvocationLogic[SIZE];
+            Arrays.setAll(arr, i -> getImpl(i, 3));
+        }
+
+        private  InvocationLogic getImpl(int i, int targets) {
+            return switch (i % targets) {
+                case 0 -> new InvokeImpl1();
+                case 1 -> new InvokeImpl2();
+                default -> new InvokeImpl3();
+            };
+        }
+    }
+
+    ValueInt1 a0 = ValueInt1.valueOf(42);
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void value_args1(Blackhole bh, StateTargets st) {
+        ValueInt1 v0 = a0;
+        InvocationLogic[] arr = st.arr;
+        for (InvocationLogic t : arr) {
+            bh.consume(t.compute(v0));
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Value2.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Value2.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c80bce3e00e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Value2.java
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.callconv;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Value2 {
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 96;  // must be divisible by 2 and 3 and around 100
+
+    public static value class ValueInt1 {
+
+        public final int v0;
+
+        public ValueInt1(int v0) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+        public static ValueInt1 valueOf(int value) {
+            return new ValueInt1(value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt2 {
+
+        public final int v0, v1;
+
+        public ValueInt2(int v0, int v1) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+        }
+
+        public int value0() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+        public static ValueInt2 valueOf(int v0, int v1) {
+            return new ValueInt2(v0, v1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public abstract static class InvocationLogic {
+        public abstract ValueInt1 compute(ValueInt1 v1, ValueInt1 v2);
+        public abstract ValueInt2 compute(ValueInt2 v1);
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl1 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt1 compute(ValueInt1 v1, ValueInt1 v2) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt2 compute(ValueInt2 v1) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl2 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt1 compute(ValueInt1 v1, ValueInt1 v2) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt2 compute(ValueInt2 v1) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl3 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt1 compute(ValueInt1 v1, ValueInt1 v2) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt2 compute(ValueInt2 v1) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class StateTargets {
+        InvocationLogic[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InvocationLogic[SIZE];
+            Arrays.setAll(arr, i -> getImpl(i, 3));
+        }
+
+        private  InvocationLogic getImpl(int i, int targets) {
+            return switch (i % targets) {
+                case 0 -> new InvokeImpl1();
+                case 1 -> new InvokeImpl2();
+                default -> new InvokeImpl3();
+            };
+        }
+    }
+
+    ValueInt1 a0 = ValueInt1.valueOf(42);
+    ValueInt1 a1 = ValueInt1.valueOf(43);
+    ValueInt2 b0 = ValueInt2.valueOf(42, 43);
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void value_args2(Blackhole bh, StateTargets st) {
+        ValueInt1 v0 = a0;
+        ValueInt1 v1 = a1;
+        InvocationLogic[] arr = st.arr;
+        for (InvocationLogic t : arr) {
+            bh.consume(t.compute(v0, v1));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void value_args1(Blackhole bh, StateTargets st) {
+        ValueInt2 v0 = b0;
+        InvocationLogic[] arr = st.arr;
+        for (InvocationLogic t : arr) {
+            bh.consume(t.compute(v0));
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Value4.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Value4.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2958459f889
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Value4.java
@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.callconv;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Value4 {
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 96;  // must be divisible by 2 and 3 and around 100
+
+    public static value class ValueInt1 {
+
+        public final int v0;
+
+        public ValueInt1(int v0) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+        public static ValueInt1 valueOf(int value) {
+            return new ValueInt1(value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt2 {
+
+        public final int v0, v1;
+
+        public ValueInt2(int v0, int v1) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+        }
+
+        public int value0() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+        public static ValueInt2 valueOf(int v0, int v1) {
+            return new ValueInt2(v0, v1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 {
+
+        public final int v0, v1, v2, v3;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+            this.v2 = v2;
+            this.v3 = v3;
+        }
+
+        public int value0() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+        public static ValueInt4 valueOf(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3) {
+            return new ValueInt4(v0, v1, v2, v3);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public abstract static class InvocationLogic {
+        public abstract ValueInt1 compute(ValueInt1 v1, ValueInt1 v2, ValueInt1 v3, ValueInt1 v4);
+        public abstract ValueInt2 compute(ValueInt2 v1, ValueInt2 v2);
+        public abstract ValueInt4 compute(ValueInt4 v1);
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl1 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt1 compute(ValueInt1 v1, ValueInt1 v2, ValueInt1 v3, ValueInt1 v4) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt2 compute(ValueInt2 v1, ValueInt2 v2) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt4 compute(ValueInt4 v1) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl2 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt1 compute(ValueInt1 v1, ValueInt1 v2, ValueInt1 v3, ValueInt1 v4) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt2 compute(ValueInt2 v1, ValueInt2 v2) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt4 compute(ValueInt4 v1) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl3 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt1 compute(ValueInt1 v1, ValueInt1 v2, ValueInt1 v3, ValueInt1 v4) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt2 compute(ValueInt2 v1, ValueInt2 v2) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt4 compute(ValueInt4 v1) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class StateTargets {
+        InvocationLogic[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InvocationLogic[SIZE];
+            Arrays.setAll(arr, i -> getImpl(i, 3));
+        }
+
+        private  InvocationLogic getImpl(int i, int targets) {
+            return switch (i % targets) {
+                case 0 -> new InvokeImpl1();
+                case 1 -> new InvokeImpl2();
+                default -> new InvokeImpl3();
+            };
+        }
+    }
+
+    ValueInt1 a0 = ValueInt1.valueOf(42);
+    ValueInt1 a1 = ValueInt1.valueOf(43);
+    ValueInt1 a2 = ValueInt1.valueOf(44);
+    ValueInt1 a3 = ValueInt1.valueOf(45);
+
+    ValueInt2 b0 = ValueInt2.valueOf(42, 43);
+    ValueInt2 b1 = ValueInt2.valueOf(44, 45);
+
+    ValueInt4 c0 = ValueInt4.valueOf(42, 43, 44, 45);
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void value_args4(Blackhole bh, StateTargets st) {
+        ValueInt1 v0 = a0;
+        ValueInt1 v1 = a1;
+        ValueInt1 v2 = a2;
+        ValueInt1 v3 = a3;
+        InvocationLogic[] arr = st.arr;
+        for (InvocationLogic t : arr) {
+            bh.consume(t.compute(v0, v1, v2, v3));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void value_args2(Blackhole bh, StateTargets st) {
+        ValueInt2 v0 = b0;
+        ValueInt2 v1 = b1;
+        InvocationLogic[] arr = st.arr;
+        for (InvocationLogic t : arr) {
+            bh.consume(t.compute(v0, v1));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void value_args1(Blackhole bh, StateTargets st) {
+        ValueInt4 v0 = c0;
+        InvocationLogic[] arr = st.arr;
+        for (InvocationLogic t : arr) {
+            bh.consume(t.compute(v0));
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Value8.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Value8.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ce1735c41d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/callconv/Value8.java
@@ -0,0 +1,288 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.callconv;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Value8 {
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 96;  // must be divisible by 2 and 3 and around 100
+
+    public static value class ValueInt1 {
+
+        public final int v0;
+
+        public ValueInt1(int v0) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+        public static ValueInt1 valueOf(int value) {
+            return new ValueInt1(value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt2 {
+
+        public final int v0, v1;
+
+        public ValueInt2(int v0, int v1) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+        }
+
+        public int value0() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+        public static ValueInt2 valueOf(int v0, int v1) {
+            return new ValueInt2(v0, v1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 {
+
+        public final int v0, v1, v2, v3;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+            this.v2 = v2;
+            this.v3 = v3;
+        }
+
+        public int value0() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+        public static ValueInt4 valueOf(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3) {
+            return new ValueInt4(v0, v1, v2, v3);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt8 {
+
+        public final int v0, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7;
+
+        public ValueInt8(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3, int v4, int v5, int v6, int v7) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+            this.v2 = v2;
+            this.v3 = v3;
+            this.v4 = v4;
+            this.v5 = v5;
+            this.v6 = v6;
+            this.v7 = v7;
+        }
+
+        public int value0() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+        public static ValueInt8 valueOf(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3, int v4, int v5, int v6, int v7) {
+            return new ValueInt8(v0, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public abstract static class InvocationLogic {
+        public abstract ValueInt1 compute(ValueInt1 v1, ValueInt1 v2, ValueInt1 v3, ValueInt1 v4, ValueInt1 v5, ValueInt1 v6, ValueInt1 v7, ValueInt1 v8);
+        public abstract ValueInt2 compute(ValueInt2 v1, ValueInt2 v2, ValueInt2 v3, ValueInt2 v4);
+        public abstract ValueInt4 compute(ValueInt4 v1, ValueInt4 v2);
+        public abstract ValueInt8 compute(ValueInt8 v1);
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl1 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt1 compute(ValueInt1 v1, ValueInt1 v2, ValueInt1 v3, ValueInt1 v4, ValueInt1 v5, ValueInt1 v6, ValueInt1 v7, ValueInt1 v8) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt2 compute(ValueInt2 v1, ValueInt2 v2, ValueInt2 v3, ValueInt2 v4) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt4 compute(ValueInt4 v1, ValueInt4 v2) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt8 compute(ValueInt8 v1) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl2 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt1 compute(ValueInt1 v1, ValueInt1 v2, ValueInt1 v3, ValueInt1 v4, ValueInt1 v5, ValueInt1 v6, ValueInt1 v7, ValueInt1 v8) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt2 compute(ValueInt2 v1, ValueInt2 v2, ValueInt2 v3, ValueInt2 v4) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt4 compute(ValueInt4 v1, ValueInt4 v2) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt8 compute(ValueInt8 v1) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class InvokeImpl3 extends InvocationLogic {
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt1 compute(ValueInt1 v1, ValueInt1 v2, ValueInt1 v3, ValueInt1 v4, ValueInt1 v5, ValueInt1 v6, ValueInt1 v7, ValueInt1 v8) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt2 compute(ValueInt2 v1, ValueInt2 v2, ValueInt2 v3, ValueInt2 v4) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt4 compute(ValueInt4 v1, ValueInt4 v2) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public ValueInt8 compute(ValueInt8 v1) {
+            return v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class StateTargets {
+        InvocationLogic[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InvocationLogic[SIZE];
+            Arrays.setAll(arr, i -> getImpl(i, 3));
+        }
+
+        private  InvocationLogic getImpl(int i, int targets) {
+            return switch (i % targets) {
+                case 0 -> new InvokeImpl1();
+                case 1 -> new InvokeImpl2();
+                default -> new InvokeImpl3();
+            };
+        }
+    }
+
+    ValueInt1 a0 = ValueInt1.valueOf(42);
+    ValueInt1 a1 = ValueInt1.valueOf(43);
+    ValueInt1 a2 = ValueInt1.valueOf(44);
+    ValueInt1 a3 = ValueInt1.valueOf(45);
+    ValueInt1 a4 = ValueInt1.valueOf(46);
+    ValueInt1 a5 = ValueInt1.valueOf(47);
+    ValueInt1 a6 = ValueInt1.valueOf(48);
+    ValueInt1 a7 = ValueInt1.valueOf(49);
+
+    ValueInt2 b0 = ValueInt2.valueOf(42, 43);
+    ValueInt2 b1 = ValueInt2.valueOf(44, 45);
+    ValueInt2 b2 = ValueInt2.valueOf(46, 47);
+    ValueInt2 b3 = ValueInt2.valueOf(48, 49);
+
+    ValueInt4 c0 = ValueInt4.valueOf(42, 43, 44, 45);
+    ValueInt4 c1 = ValueInt4.valueOf(46, 47, 48, 49);
+
+    ValueInt8 d0 = ValueInt8.valueOf(42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49);
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void value_args8(Blackhole bh, StateTargets st) {
+        ValueInt1 v0 = a0;
+        ValueInt1 v1 = a1;
+        ValueInt1 v2 = a2;
+        ValueInt1 v3 = a3;
+        ValueInt1 v4 = a4;
+        ValueInt1 v5 = a5;
+        ValueInt1 v6 = a6;
+        ValueInt1 v7 = a7;
+        InvocationLogic[] arr = st.arr;
+        for (InvocationLogic t : arr) {
+            bh.consume(t.compute(v0, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void value_args4(Blackhole bh, StateTargets st) {
+        ValueInt2 v0 = b0;
+        ValueInt2 v1 = b1;
+        ValueInt2 v2 = b2;
+        ValueInt2 v3 = b3;
+        InvocationLogic[] arr = st.arr;
+        for (InvocationLogic t : arr) {
+            bh.consume(t.compute(v0, v1, v2, v3));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void value_args2(Blackhole bh, StateTargets st) {
+        ValueInt4 v0 = c0;
+        ValueInt4 v1 = c1;
+        InvocationLogic[] arr = st.arr;
+        for (InvocationLogic t : arr) {
+            bh.consume(t.compute(v0, v1));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void value_args1(Blackhole bh, StateTargets st) {
+        ValueInt8 v0 = d0;
+        InvocationLogic[] arr = st.arr;
+        for (InvocationLogic t : arr) {
+            bh.consume(t.compute(v0));
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/CopyBase.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/CopyBase.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..68d7028eef7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/CopyBase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.copy;
+
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Param;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(3)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+public class CopyBase {
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static abstract class SizeState {
+
+        @Param({
+                "100",      // tiny size, to fit into all caches and check codegeneration quality
+                "1000000"   // large size, to be out of all caches and memory effects
+        })
+        public int size;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/Identity.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/Identity.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..eb2cc8fc8bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/Identity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.copy;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+public class Identity extends CopyBase {
+
+    public static class RefWrapper {
+        public IdentityInt f;
+
+        public RefWrapper(IdentityInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntWrapper {
+        public InterfaceInt f;
+
+        public IntWrapper(IdentityInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public static class RefState extends SizeState {
+        public RefWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new RefWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new RefWrapper(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public IntWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IntWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IntWrapper(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy(RefWrapper[] dst, RefWrapper[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = src[i].f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_to_int(IntWrapper[] dst, RefWrapper[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = src[i].f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_to_ref(RefWrapper[] dst, IntWrapper[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = (IdentityInt) src[i].f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_ref(RefState st1, RefState st2) {
+        copy(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_ref_to_int(IntState st1, RefState st2) {
+        copy_to_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_int_to_ref(RefState st1, IntState st2) {
+        copy_to_ref(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/Value032.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/Value032.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ddbc41f52b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/Value032.java
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.copy;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value032 extends CopyBase {
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+        public ValueInt f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntWrapper {
+        public InterfaceInt f;
+
+        public IntWrapper(ValueInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public IntWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IntWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IntWrapper(new ValueInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy(ValWrapper[] dst, ValWrapper[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = src[i].f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_to_int(IntWrapper[] dst, ValWrapper[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = src[i].f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_to_val(ValWrapper[] dst, IntWrapper[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = (ValueInt) src[i].f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        copy(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_val_to_int(IntState st1, ValState st2) {
+        copy_to_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_int_to_val(ValState st1, IntState st2) {
+        copy_to_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/Value032NullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/Value032NullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..76d2e63ad61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/Value032NullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.copy;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value032NullFree extends CopyBase {
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueInt f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntWrapper {
+        public InterfaceInt f;
+
+        public IntWrapper(ValueInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public IntWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IntWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IntWrapper(new ValueInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy(ValWrapper[] dst, ValWrapper[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = src[i].f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_to_int(IntWrapper[] dst, ValWrapper[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = src[i].f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_to_val(ValWrapper[] dst, IntWrapper[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = (ValueInt) src[i].f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        copy(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_val_to_int(IntState st1, ValState st2) {
+        copy_to_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_int_to_val(ValState st1, IntState st2) {
+        copy_to_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..42981739224
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.copy;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value032NullFreeNonAtomic extends CopyBase {
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueInt f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntWrapper {
+        public InterfaceInt f;
+
+        public IntWrapper(ValueInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public IntWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IntWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IntWrapper(new ValueInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy(ValWrapper[] dst, ValWrapper[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = src[i].f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_to_int(IntWrapper[] dst, ValWrapper[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = src[i].f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_to_val(ValWrapper[] dst, IntWrapper[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = (ValueInt) src[i].f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        copy(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_val_to_int(IntState st1, ValState st2) {
+        copy_to_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_int_to_val(ValState st1, IntState st2) {
+        copy_to_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/Value128.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/Value128.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4b51da1edd5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/Value128.java
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.copy;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value128 extends CopyBase {
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+        public ValueInt4 f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt4 f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntWrapper {
+        public InterfaceInt f;
+
+        public IntWrapper(ValueInt4 f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public IntWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IntWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IntWrapper(new ValueInt4(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy(ValWrapper[] dst, ValWrapper[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = src[i].f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_to_int(IntWrapper[] dst, ValWrapper[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = src[i].f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_to_val(ValWrapper[] dst, IntWrapper[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = (ValueInt4) src[i].f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        copy(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_val_to_int(IntState st1, ValState st2) {
+        copy_to_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_int_to_val(ValState st1, IntState st2) {
+        copy_to_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/Value128NullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/Value128NullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0c0a0ec812c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/Value128NullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.copy;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value128NullFree extends CopyBase {
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueInt4 f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt4 f) {
+            this.f = f;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntWrapper {
+        public InterfaceInt f;
+
+        public IntWrapper(ValueInt4 f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public IntWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IntWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IntWrapper(new ValueInt4(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy(ValWrapper[] dst, ValWrapper[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = src[i].f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_to_int(IntWrapper[] dst, ValWrapper[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = src[i].f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_to_val(ValWrapper[] dst, IntWrapper[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = (ValueInt4) src[i].f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        copy(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_val_to_int(IntState st1, ValState st2) {
+        copy_to_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_int_to_val(ValState st1, IntState st2) {
+        copy_to_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..598d3c5ddb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/copy/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.copy;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value128NullFreeNonAtomic extends CopyBase {
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueInt4 f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt4 f) {
+            this.f = f;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntWrapper {
+        public InterfaceInt f;
+
+        public IntWrapper(ValueInt4 f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState extends SizeState {
+        public IntWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IntWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IntWrapper(new ValueInt4(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy(ValWrapper[] dst, ValWrapper[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = src[i].f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_to_int(IntWrapper[] dst, ValWrapper[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = src[i].f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void copy_to_val(ValWrapper[] dst, IntWrapper[] src) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = (ValueInt4) src[i].f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_val(ValState st1, ValState st2) {
+        copy(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_val_to_int(IntState st1, ValState st2) {
+        copy_to_int(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void copy_int_to_val(ValState st1, IntState st2) {
+        copy_to_val(st1.arr, st2.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/Identity.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/Identity.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f84b1e81348
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/Identity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.read;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+public class Identity extends ReadBase {
+
+    public static class RefWrapper {
+        public IdentityInt f;
+
+        public RefWrapper(IdentityInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public static class RefState extends SizeState {
+        public RefWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new RefWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new RefWrapper(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_ref(RefWrapper[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i].f);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(RefState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_ref(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/ReadBase.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/ReadBase.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..451571c295b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/ReadBase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.read;
+
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Param;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(3)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+public class ReadBase {
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static abstract class SizeState {
+
+        @Param({
+                "100",      // tiny size, to fit into all caches and check codegeneration quality
+                "1000000"   // large size, to be out of all caches and memory effects
+        })
+        public int size;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/Value032.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/Value032.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f252de20932
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/Value032.java
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.read;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value032 extends ReadBase {
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+        public ValueInt f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_val(ValWrapper[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i].f);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(ValState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_val(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/Value032NullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/Value032NullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2d8078e1423
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/Value032NullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.read;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value032NullFree extends ReadBase {
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueInt f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_val(ValWrapper[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i].f);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(ValState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_val(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..88d41bc021b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.read;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value032NullFreeNonAtomic extends ReadBase {
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueInt f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_val(ValWrapper[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i].f);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(ValState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_val(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/Value128.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/Value128.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b3019b64f5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/Value128.java
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.read;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value128 extends ReadBase {
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+        public ValueInt4 f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt4 f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_val(ValWrapper[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i].f);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(ValState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_val(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/Value128NullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/Value128NullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1166604541f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/Value128NullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.read;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value128NullFree extends ReadBase {
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueInt4 f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt4 f) {
+            this.f = f;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_val(ValWrapper[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i].f);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(ValState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_val(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2615848ac45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/read/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.read;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value128NullFreeNonAtomic extends ReadBase {
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueInt4 f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt4 f) {
+            this.f = f;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+
+    public static class ValState extends SizeState {
+        public ValWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void read_val(ValWrapper[] src, Blackhole bh) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+            bh.consume(src[i].f);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void read(ValState st1, Blackhole bh) {
+        read_val(st1.arr, bh);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/Identity.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/Identity.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9c1116e441d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/Identity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.set;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+public class Identity extends SetBase {
+
+    public static class RefWrapper {
+        public IdentityInt f;
+
+        public RefWrapper(IdentityInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public static class RefState extends SizeState {
+        public RefWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new RefWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new RefWrapper(new IdentityInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public IdentityInt get_ref(int i) {
+        return new IdentityInt(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new(RefWrapper[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = new IdentityInt(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call(RefWrapper[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = get_ref(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_ref(RefState st1) {
+        set_new(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_ref(RefState st1) {
+        set_call(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/SetBase.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/SetBase.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d6ac8ca67d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/SetBase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.set;
+
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Param;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(3)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+public class SetBase {
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static abstract class SizeState {
+
+        @Param({
+                "100",      // tiny size, to fit into all caches and check codegeneration quality
+                "1000000"   // large size, to be out of all caches and memory effects
+        })
+        public int size;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/Value032.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/Value032.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..643d278f196
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/Value032.java
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.set;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value032 extends SetBase {
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+        public ValueInt f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public static class RefState extends SizeState {
+        public ValWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueInt get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new(ValWrapper[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = new ValueInt(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call(ValWrapper[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = get_val(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_val(RefState st1) {
+        set_new(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_val(RefState st1) {
+        set_call(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/Value032NullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/Value032NullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d510dcc5f85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/Value032NullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.set;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value032NullFree extends SetBase {
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueInt f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public static class RefState extends SizeState {
+        public ValWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueInt get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new(ValWrapper[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = new ValueInt(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call(ValWrapper[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = get_val(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_val(RefState st1) {
+        set_new(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_val(RefState st1) {
+        set_call(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..80f91d892cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/Value032NullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.set;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value032NullFreeNonAtomic extends SetBase {
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueInt f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public static class RefState extends SizeState {
+        public ValWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueInt get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new(ValWrapper[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = new ValueInt(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call(ValWrapper[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = get_val(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_val(RefState st1) {
+        set_new(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_val(RefState st1) {
+        set_call(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/Value128.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/Value128.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a3b69b95ed6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/Value128.java
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.set;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value128 extends SetBase {
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+        public ValueInt4 f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt4 f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class RefState extends SizeState {
+        public ValWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueInt4 get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt4(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new(ValWrapper[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = new ValueInt4(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call(ValWrapper[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = get_val(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_val(RefState st1) {
+        set_new(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_val(RefState st1) {
+        set_call(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/Value128NullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/Value128NullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..33e22f944dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/Value128NullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.set;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value128NullFree extends SetBase {
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueInt4 f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt4 f) {
+            this.f = f;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class RefState extends SizeState {
+        public ValWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueInt4 get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt4(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new(ValWrapper[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = new ValueInt4(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call(ValWrapper[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = get_val(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_val(RefState st1) {
+        set_new(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_val(RefState st1) {
+        set_call(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..211ae57e6d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/field/set/Value128NullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.field.set;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value128NullFreeNonAtomic extends SetBase {
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public ValueInt4 f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt4 f) {
+            this.f = f;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt4 implements InterfaceInt {
+
+        public final int prevalue0;
+        public final int prevalue1;
+        public final int prevalue2;
+
+        public final int value;
+
+        public ValueInt4(int value) {
+            this.prevalue0 = value;
+            this.prevalue1 = value;
+            this.prevalue2 = value;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class RefState extends SizeState {
+        public ValWrapper[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValWrapper[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt4(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueInt4 get_val(int i) {
+        return new ValueInt4(i);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_new(ValWrapper[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = new ValueInt4(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public void set_call(ValWrapper[] dst) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < dst.length; i++) {
+            dst[i].f = get_val(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_new_val(RefState st1) {
+        set_new(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void set_call_val(RefState st1) {
+        set_call(st1.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/hash/Value1.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/hash/Value1.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..06f321ac13c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/hash/Value1.java
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.hash;
+
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Value1 {
+
+    public static value class ValueInt1Hash {
+
+        public final int v0;
+
+        public ValueInt1Hash(int v0) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int hashCode() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt1 {
+
+        public final int v0;
+
+        public ValueInt1(int v0) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+        }
+
+        public int value() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int explicit() {
+        return new ValueInt1Hash(42).hashCode();
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int implicit() {
+        return new ValueInt1(42).hashCode();
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int direct() {
+        return System.identityHashCode(new ValueInt1(42));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/hash/Value8.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/hash/Value8.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..204aa4afdb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/hash/Value8.java
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.hash;
+
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Value8 {
+
+    public static value class ValueInt8 {
+
+        public final int v0, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7;
+
+        public ValueInt8(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3, int v4, int v5, int v6, int v7) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+            this.v2 = v2;
+            this.v3 = v3;
+            this.v4 = v4;
+            this.v5 = v5;
+            this.v6 = v6;
+            this.v7 = v7;
+        }
+
+        public int value0() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt8Hash {
+
+        public final int v0, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7;
+
+        public ValueInt8Hash(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3, int v4, int v5, int v6, int v7) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+            this.v2 = v2;
+            this.v3 = v3;
+            this.v4 = v4;
+            this.v5 = v5;
+            this.v6 = v6;
+            this.v7 = v7;
+        }
+
+        public int value0() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int hashCode() {
+            return (((((((v0 * 31) + v1) * 31 + v2) * 31 + v3) * 31 + v4) * 31 + v5) * 31 + v6) * 31 + v7;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int explicit() {
+        return new ValueInt8Hash(42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49).hashCode();
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int implicit() {
+        return new ValueInt8(42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49).hashCode();
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int direct() {
+        return System.identityHashCode(new ValueInt8(42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49));
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/intrinsics/IsFlatArray.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/intrinsics/IsFlatArray.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a8e79750cba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/intrinsics/IsFlatArray.java
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.intrinsics;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.*;
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.VarHandle;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.Throughput)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.MICROSECONDS)
+@Fork(value = 1,
+      jvmArgsAppend = {"--add-opens", "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                       "--add-opens", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                       "--enable-preview"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+public class IsFlatArray {
+
+    private static final VarHandle objectArrayVarHandle =
+        MethodHandles.arrayElementVarHandle(Object[].class);
+
+    @State(Scope.Benchmark)
+    public static class ClassState {
+        public Object[] flatArray = new Point[10];
+        public Object[] nonFlatArray = new String[10];
+
+        public Object[] objectArray = new Object[10];
+        public Object objectElement = new Object();
+        public int arrayIndex = 0;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public boolean testKnownFlatClass() {
+        return ValueClass.isFlatArray(new Point[8]);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public boolean testKnownNonFlatClass() {
+        return ValueClass.isFlatArray(new String[8]);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public boolean testUnknownFlatClass(ClassState state) {
+        return ValueClass.isFlatArray(state.flatArray);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public boolean testUnknownNonFlatClass(ClassState state) {
+        return ValueClass.isFlatArray(state.nonFlatArray);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void setArrayElement(ClassState state) {
+        objectArrayVarHandle.set(state.objectArray, state.arrayIndex, state.objectElement);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public VarHandle makeArrayVarHandle() {
+        return MethodHandles.arrayElementVarHandle(Object[].class);
+    }
+
+}
+
+value class Point {
+    int x;
+    int y;
+    public Point(int x, int y) {
+        this.x = x;
+        this.y = y;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/array/Identity.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/array/Identity.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..34565b22e98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/array/Identity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.invoke.array;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(3)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Identity {
+
+    /*
+        virtual method invocations:
+        target0 - statically known target method.
+        target1 - the single invoked method (should be inlined)
+        target2 - two invoked method (should be inlined, cache-inline)
+        target3 - thee invoked method (shouldn't be inlined)
+
+     */
+
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 128;
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt0 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt0(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt1 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt1(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt2 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt2(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int0State {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt0(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int1State {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt1(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int2State {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt2(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Ref0State {
+        public IdentityInt0[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IdentityInt0[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt0(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Ref1State {
+        public IdentityInt1[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IdentityInt1[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt1(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Ref2State {
+        public IdentityInt2[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IdentityInt2[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt2(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int reduce_int(InterfaceInt[] arr) {
+        int r = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+            r += arr[i].value();
+        }
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int reduce_ref(IdentityInt0[] arr) {
+        int r = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+            r += arr[i].value();
+        }
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target0(Ref0State st0, Ref0State st1, Ref0State st2, Ref0State st3, Ref0State st4, Ref0State st5) {
+        return reduce_ref(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_ref(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_ref(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_ref(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_ref(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_ref(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target1_r(Ref0State st0, Ref0State st1, Ref0State st2, Ref0State st3, Ref0State st4, Ref0State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target1_i(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int0State st2, Int0State st3, Int0State st4, Int0State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target1_ri(Ref0State st0, Int0State st1, Ref0State st2, Int0State st3, Ref0State st4, Int0State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target2_r(Ref0State st0, Ref0State st1, Ref0State st2, Ref1State st3, Ref1State st4, Ref1State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target2_i(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int0State st2, Int1State st3, Int1State st4, Int1State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target2_ri(Ref0State st0, Int0State st1, Ref0State st2, Int1State st3, Ref1State st4, Int1State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target3_r(Ref0State st0, Ref0State st1, Ref1State st2, Ref1State st3, Ref2State st4, Ref2State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target3_i(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int1State st2, Int1State st3, Int2State st4, Int2State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target3_ri(Ref0State st0, Int0State st1, Ref1State st2, Int1State st3, Ref2State st4, Int2State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/array/Value.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/array/Value.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..97d54dd5494
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/array/Value.java
@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.invoke.array;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Value {
+
+    /*
+        virtual method invocations:
+        target0 - statically known target method.
+        target1 - the single invoked method (should be inlined)
+        target2 - two invoked method (should be inlined, cache-inline)
+        target3 - thee invoked method (shouldn't be inlined)
+
+     */
+
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 128;
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt0 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt0(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt1 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt1(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt2 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt2(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int0State {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt0(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int1State {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt1(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int2State {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt2(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Val0State {
+        public ValueInt0[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueInt0[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt0(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Val1State {
+        public ValueInt1[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueInt1[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt1(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Val22State {
+        public ValueInt2[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueInt2[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt2(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int reduce_int(InterfaceInt[] arr) {
+        int r = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+            r += arr[i].value();
+        }
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int reduce_val(ValueInt0[] arr) {
+        int r = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+            r += arr[i].value();
+        }
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target0(Val0State st0, Val0State st1, Val0State st2, Val0State st3, Val0State st4, Val0State st5) {
+        return reduce_val(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target1_v(Val0State st0, Val0State st1, Val0State st2, Val0State st3, Val0State st4, Val0State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target1_i(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int0State st2, Int0State st3, Int0State st4, Int0State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target1_vi(Val0State st0, Int0State st1, Val0State st2, Int0State st3, Val0State st4, Int0State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target2_v(Val0State st0, Val0State st1, Val0State st2, Val1State st3, Val1State st4, Val1State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target2_i(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int0State st2, Int1State st3, Int1State st4, Int1State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target2_vi(Val0State st0, Int0State st1, Val0State st2, Int1State st3, Val1State st4, Int1State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target3_v(Val0State st0, Val0State st1, Val1State st2, Val1State st3, Val22State st4, Val22State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target3_i(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int1State st2, Int1State st3, Int2State st4, Int2State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target3_vi(Val0State st0, Int0State st1, Val1State st2, Int1State st3, Val22State st4, Int2State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/array/ValueNullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/array/ValueNullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..493af9ba755
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/array/ValueNullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.invoke.array;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class ValueNullFree {
+
+    /*
+        virtual method invocations:
+        target0 - statically known target method.
+        target1 - the single invoked method (should be inlined)
+        target2 - two invoked method (should be inlined, cache-inline)
+        target3 - thee invoked method (shouldn't be inlined)
+
+     */
+
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 128;
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt0 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt0(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt1 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt1(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt2 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt2(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int0State {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt0(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int1State {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt1(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int2State {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt2(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Val0State {
+        public ValueInt0[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt0[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt0.class, SIZE, new ValueInt0(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt0(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Val1State {
+        public ValueInt1[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt1[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt1.class, SIZE, new ValueInt1(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt1(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Val22State {
+        public ValueInt2[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt2[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt2.class, SIZE, new ValueInt2(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt2(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int reduce_int(InterfaceInt[] arr) {
+        int r = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+            r += arr[i].value();
+        }
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int reduce_val(ValueInt0[] arr) {
+        int r = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+            r += arr[i].value();
+        }
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target0(Val0State st0, Val0State st1, Val0State st2, Val0State st3, Val0State st4, Val0State st5) {
+        return reduce_val(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target1_v(Val0State st0, Val0State st1, Val0State st2, Val0State st3, Val0State st4, Val0State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target1_i(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int0State st2, Int0State st3, Int0State st4, Int0State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target1_vi(Val0State st0, Int0State st1, Val0State st2, Int0State st3, Val0State st4, Int0State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target2_v(Val0State st0, Val0State st1, Val0State st2, Val1State st3, Val1State st4, Val1State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target2_i(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int0State st2, Int1State st3, Int1State st4, Int1State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target2_vi(Val0State st0, Int0State st1, Val0State st2, Int1State st3, Val1State st4, Int1State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target3_v(Val0State st0, Val0State st1, Val1State st2, Val1State st3, Val22State st4, Val22State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target3_i(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int1State st2, Int1State st3, Int2State st4, Int2State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target3_vi(Val0State st0, Int0State st1, Val1State st2, Int1State st3, Val22State st4, Int2State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/array/ValueNullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/array/ValueNullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..eb17228d517
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/array/ValueNullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,313 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.invoke.array;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class ValueNullFreeNonAtomic {
+
+    /*
+        virtual method invocations:
+        target0 - statically known target method.
+        target1 - the single invoked method (should be inlined)
+        target2 - two invoked method (should be inlined, cache-inline)
+        target3 - thee invoked method (shouldn't be inlined)
+
+     */
+
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 128;
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt0 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt0(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt1 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt1(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt2 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt2(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int0State {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt0(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int1State {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt1(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int2State {
+        public InterfaceInt[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceInt[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt2(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Val0State {
+        public ValueInt0[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt0[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt0.class, SIZE, new ValueInt0(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt0(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Val1State {
+        public ValueInt1[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt1[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt1.class, SIZE, new ValueInt1(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt1(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Val22State {
+        public ValueInt2[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt2[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt2.class, SIZE, new ValueInt2(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt2(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int reduce_int(InterfaceInt[] arr) {
+        int r = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+            r += arr[i].value();
+        }
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int reduce_val(ValueInt0[] arr) {
+        int r = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+            r += arr[i].value();
+        }
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target0(Val0State st0, Val0State st1, Val0State st2, Val0State st3, Val0State st4, Val0State st5) {
+        return reduce_val(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target1_v(Val0State st0, Val0State st1, Val0State st2, Val0State st3, Val0State st4, Val0State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target1_i(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int0State st2, Int0State st3, Int0State st4, Int0State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target1_vi(Val0State st0, Int0State st1, Val0State st2, Int0State st3, Val0State st4, Int0State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target2_v(Val0State st0, Val0State st1, Val0State st2, Val1State st3, Val1State st4, Val1State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target2_i(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int0State st2, Int1State st3, Int1State st4, Int1State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target2_vi(Val0State st0, Int0State st1, Val0State st2, Int1State st3, Val1State st4, Int1State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target3_v(Val0State st0, Val0State st1, Val1State st2, Val1State st3, Val22State st4, Val22State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target3_i(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int1State st2, Int1State st3, Int2State st4, Int2State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target3_vi(Val0State st0, Int0State st1, Val1State st2, Int1State st3, Val22State st4, Int2State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/field/Identity.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/field/Identity.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ff03fdd6b87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/field/Identity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.invoke.field;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(3)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Identity {
+
+    /*
+        virtual method invocations:
+        target0 - statically known target method.
+        target1 - the single invoked method (should be inlined)
+        target2 - two invoked method (should be inlined, cache-inline)
+        target3 - thee invoked method (shouldn't be inlined)
+
+     */
+
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 128;
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt0 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt0(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt1 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt1(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt2 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public IdentityInt2(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntWrapper {
+        final InterfaceInt f;
+
+        public IntWrapper(InterfaceInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class RefWrapper {
+        final IdentityInt0 f;
+
+        public RefWrapper(IdentityInt0 f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int0State {
+        public IntWrapper[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IntWrapper[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IntWrapper(new IdentityInt0(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int1State {
+        public IntWrapper[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IntWrapper[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IntWrapper(new IdentityInt1(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int2State {
+        public IntWrapper[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IntWrapper[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IntWrapper(new IdentityInt2(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Ref0State {
+        public RefWrapper[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new RefWrapper[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new RefWrapper(new IdentityInt0(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int reduce_int(IntWrapper[] arr) {
+        int r = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+            r += arr[i].f.value();
+        }
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int reduce_ref(RefWrapper[] arr) {
+        int r = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+            r += arr[i].f.value();
+        }
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target0(Ref0State st0, Ref0State st1, Ref0State st2, Ref0State st3, Ref0State st4, Ref0State st5) {
+        return reduce_ref(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_ref(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_ref(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_ref(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_ref(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_ref(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target1(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int0State st2, Int0State st3, Int0State st4, Int0State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target2(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int0State st2, Int1State st3, Int1State st4, Int1State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target3(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int1State st2, Int1State st3, Int2State st4, Int2State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/field/Value.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/field/Value.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..620e7474f08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/field/Value.java
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.invoke.field;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class Value {
+
+    /*
+        virtual method invocations:
+        target0 - statically known target method.
+        target1 - the single invoked method (should be inlined)
+        target2 - two invoked method (should be inlined, cache-inline)
+        target3 - thee invoked method (shouldn't be inlined)
+
+     */
+
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 128;
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt0 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt0(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt1 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt1(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt2 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt2(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntWrapper {
+        final InterfaceInt f;
+
+        public IntWrapper(InterfaceInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+        final ValueInt0 f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt0 f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int0State {
+        public IntWrapper[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IntWrapper[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IntWrapper(new ValueInt0(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int1State {
+        public IntWrapper[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IntWrapper[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IntWrapper(new ValueInt1(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int2State {
+        public IntWrapper[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IntWrapper[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IntWrapper(new ValueInt2(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Ref0State {
+        public ValWrapper[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValWrapper[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt0(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int reduce_int(IntWrapper[] arr) {
+        int r = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+            r += arr[i].f.value();
+        }
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int reduce_val(ValWrapper[] arr) {
+        int r = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+            r += arr[i].f.value();
+        }
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target0(Ref0State st0, Ref0State st1, Ref0State st2, Ref0State st3, Ref0State st4, Ref0State st5) {
+        return reduce_val(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target1(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int0State st2, Int0State st3, Int0State st4, Int0State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target2(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int0State st2, Int1State st3, Int1State st4, Int1State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target3(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int1State st2, Int1State st3, Int2State st4, Int2State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/field/ValueNullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/field/ValueNullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f5696f25198
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/field/ValueNullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.invoke.field;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class ValueNullFree {
+
+    /*
+        virtual method invocations:
+        target0 - statically known target method.
+        target1 - the single invoked method (should be inlined)
+        target2 - two invoked method (should be inlined, cache-inline)
+        target3 - thee invoked method (shouldn't be inlined)
+
+     */
+
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 128;
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt0 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt0(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt1 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt1(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt2 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt2(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntWrapper {
+        final InterfaceInt f;
+
+        public IntWrapper(InterfaceInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+        @NullRestricted
+        final ValueInt0 f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt0 f) {
+            this.f = f;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int0State {
+        public IntWrapper[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IntWrapper[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IntWrapper(new ValueInt0(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int1State {
+        public IntWrapper[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IntWrapper[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IntWrapper(new ValueInt1(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int2State {
+        public IntWrapper[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IntWrapper[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IntWrapper(new ValueInt2(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Ref0State {
+        public ValWrapper[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValWrapper[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt0(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int reduce_int(IntWrapper[] arr) {
+        int r = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+            r += arr[i].f.value();
+        }
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int reduce_val(ValWrapper[] arr) {
+        int r = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+            r += arr[i].f.value();
+        }
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target0(Ref0State st0, Ref0State st1, Ref0State st2, Ref0State st3, Ref0State st4, Ref0State st5) {
+        return reduce_val(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target1(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int0State st2, Int0State st3, Int0State st4, Int0State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target2(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int0State st2, Int1State st3, Int1State st4, Int1State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target3(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int1State st2, Int1State st3, Int2State st4, Int2State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/field/ValueNullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/field/ValueNullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..518b700f4bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/invoke/field/ValueNullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.invoke.field;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OperationsPerInvocation;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class ValueNullFreeNonAtomic {
+
+    /*
+        virtual method invocations:
+        target0 - statically known target method.
+        target1 - the single invoked method (should be inlined)
+        target2 - two invoked method (should be inlined, cache-inline)
+        target3 - thee invoked method (shouldn't be inlined)
+
+     */
+
+
+    public static final int SIZE = 128;
+
+    public interface InterfaceInt {
+        public int value();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt0 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt0(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt1 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt1(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt2 implements InterfaceInt {
+        public final int value;
+        public ValueInt2(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public int value() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntWrapper {
+        final InterfaceInt f;
+
+        public IntWrapper(InterfaceInt f) {
+            this.f = f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValWrapper {
+        @NullRestricted
+        final ValueInt0 f;
+
+        public ValWrapper(ValueInt0 f) {
+            this.f = f;
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int0State {
+        public IntWrapper[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IntWrapper[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IntWrapper(new ValueInt0(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int1State {
+        public IntWrapper[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IntWrapper[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IntWrapper(new ValueInt1(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Int2State {
+        public IntWrapper[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IntWrapper[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IntWrapper(new ValueInt2(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class Ref0State {
+        public ValWrapper[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValWrapper[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValWrapper(new ValueInt0(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int reduce_int(IntWrapper[] arr) {
+        int r = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+            r += arr[i].f.value();
+        }
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int reduce_val(ValWrapper[] arr) {
+        int r = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+            r += arr[i].f.value();
+        }
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target0(Ref0State st0, Ref0State st1, Ref0State st2, Ref0State st3, Ref0State st4, Ref0State st5) {
+        return reduce_val(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_val(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target1(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int0State st2, Int0State st3, Int0State st4, Int0State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target2(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int0State st2, Int1State st3, Int1State st4, Int1State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+               reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE * 6)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int target3(Int0State st0, Int0State st1, Int1State st2, Int1State st3, Int2State st4, Int2State st5) {
+        return reduce_int(st0.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st1.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st2.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st3.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st4.arr) +
+                reduce_int(st5.arr);
+    }
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/loops/osr/LarvalDetectionAboveOSR.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/loops/osr/LarvalDetectionAboveOSR.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..eac68be92bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/loops/osr/LarvalDetectionAboveOSR.java
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.loops.osr;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.*;
+
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.SingleShotTime)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
+@Fork(value = 1, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 0)
+@Measurement(iterations = 10)
+public class LarvalDetectionAboveOSR {
+    @Benchmark
+    public long test() {
+        return MyNumber.loop();
+    }
+}
+
+value class MyNumber {
+    static int MANY = 1_000_000_000;
+    private long d0;
+
+    MyNumber(long d0) {
+        this.d0 = d0;
+    }
+
+    MyNumber add(long v) {
+        return new MyNumber(d0 + v);
+    }
+
+    public static long loop() {
+        MyNumber dec = new MyNumber(123);
+        for (int i = 0; i < MANY; ++i) {
+            dec = dec.add(i);
+        }
+        return dec.d0;
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/mandelbrot/Identity.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/mandelbrot/Identity.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d8fbd7d7c08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/mandelbrot/Identity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.mandelbrot;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+
+public class Identity extends MandelbrotBase {
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int[][] mandelbrot() {
+        for (int x = 0; x < size; x++) {
+            for (int y = 0; y < size; y++) {
+                points[x][y] = count(coordToComplex(x, y, size, size));
+            }
+        }
+        return points;
+    }
+
+    private IdentityComplex coordToComplex(int x, int y, int width, int height) {
+        double cx = ((double) x) / (((double) width) / 2.0) - 1.0;
+        double cy = ((double) y) / (((double) height) / 2.0) - 1.0;
+        return new IdentityComplex(cy * SCALE, cx * SCALE);
+    }
+
+    private static int count(IdentityComplex c) {
+        IdentityComplex z = c;
+        for (int i = 1; i < MAX_ITER; i++) {
+            if (z.length() >= 2.0) return i;
+            z = z.mul(z).add(c);
+        }
+        return MAX_ITER;
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityComplex {
+
+        public final double re;
+        public final double im;
+
+        public IdentityComplex(double re, double im) {
+            this.re =  re;
+            this.im =  im;
+        }
+
+        public double re() { return re; }
+
+        public double im() { return im; }
+
+        public IdentityComplex add(IdentityComplex that) {
+            return new IdentityComplex(this.re + that.re, this.im + that.im);
+        }
+
+        public IdentityComplex mul(IdentityComplex that) {
+            return new IdentityComplex(this.re * that.re - this.im * that.im,
+                    this.re * that.im + this.im * that.re);
+        }
+
+        public double length() {
+            return Math.sqrt(re * re + im * im);
+        }
+
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/mandelbrot/MandelbrotBase.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/mandelbrot/MandelbrotBase.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..39a7c93dec0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/mandelbrot/MandelbrotBase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.mandelbrot;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Param;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(3)
+@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.Throughput)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public abstract class MandelbrotBase {
+
+    @Param("500")
+    int size;
+
+    public static final double SCALE = 2.0;
+    public static final int MAX_ITER = 400;
+
+    int[][] points; // color points
+
+    @Setup()
+    public void setup() {
+        points = new int[size][size];
+    }
+
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/mandelbrot/Primitive.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/mandelbrot/Primitive.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6835316dd65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/mandelbrot/Primitive.java
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.mandelbrot;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+
+public class Primitive extends MandelbrotBase {
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int[][] mandelbrot() {
+        for (int x = 0; x < size; x++) {
+            for (int y = 0; y < size; y++) {
+                points[x][y] = count(x, y, size, size);
+            }
+        }
+        return points;
+    }
+
+    private int count(int x, int y, int width, int height) {
+        double cx = (((double) x) / (((double) width) / 2.0) - 1.0) * SCALE;
+        double cy = (((double) y) / (((double) height) / 2.0) - 1.0) * SCALE;
+        double zx = cx;
+        double zy = cy;
+        for (int i = 1; i < MAX_ITER; i++) {
+            if (Math.sqrt(zx * zx + zy * zy) >= 2.0) return i;
+            double tx = zx * zx - zy * zy + cx;
+            double ty = 2 * zx * zy + cy;
+            zx = tx;
+            zy = ty;
+        }
+        return MAX_ITER;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/mandelbrot/Value.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/mandelbrot/Value.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3abb5b1ac8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/mandelbrot/Value.java
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.mandelbrot;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value extends MandelbrotBase {
+
+    private ValueComplex coordToComplex(int x, int y, int width, int height) {
+        double cx = ((double) x) / (((double) width) / 2.0) - 1.0;
+        double cy = ((double) y) / (((double) height) / 2.0) - 1.0;
+        return new ValueComplex(cy * SCALE, cx * SCALE);
+    }
+
+    private static int count(ValueComplex c) {
+        ValueComplex z = c;
+        for (int i = 1; i < MAX_ITER; i++) {
+            if (z.length() >= 2.0) return i;
+            z = z.mul(z).add(c);
+        }
+        return MAX_ITER;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int[][] mandelbrot_value() {
+        for (int x = 0; x < size; x++) {
+            for (int y = 0; y < size; y++) {
+                points[x][y] = count(coordToComplex(x, y, size, size));
+            }
+        }
+        return points;
+    }
+
+    private Complex coordToComplex_interface(int x, int y, int width, int height) {
+        double cx = ((double) x) / (((double) width) / 2.0) - 1.0;
+        double cy = ((double) y) / (((double) height) / 2.0) - 1.0;
+        return new ValueComplex(cy * SCALE, cx * SCALE);
+    }
+
+    private static int count_interface(Complex c) {
+        Complex z = c;
+        for (int i = 1; i < MAX_ITER; i++) {
+            if (z.length() >= 2.0) return i;
+            z = z.mul(z).add(c);
+        }
+        return MAX_ITER;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int[][] mandelbrot_interface() {
+        for (int x = 0; x < size; x++) {
+            for (int y = 0; y < size; y++) {
+                points[x][y] = count_interface(coordToComplex_interface(x, y, size, size));
+            }
+        }
+        return points;
+    }
+
+    public static interface Complex {
+        public Complex add(Complex that);
+        public Complex mul(Complex that);
+        public double length();
+        public double re();
+        public double im();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueComplex implements Complex {
+
+        public final double re;
+        public final double im;
+
+        public ValueComplex(double re, double im) {
+            this.re =  re;
+            this.im =  im;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public double re() { return re; }
+
+        @Override
+        public double im() { return im; }
+
+        public ValueComplex add(ValueComplex that) {
+            return new ValueComplex(this.re + that.re, this.im + that.im);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Complex add(Complex that) {
+            return new ValueComplex(this.re + that.re(), this.im + that.im());
+        }
+
+        public ValueComplex mul(ValueComplex that) {
+            return new ValueComplex(this.re * that.re - this.im * that.im,
+                    this.re * that.im + this.im * that.re);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Complex mul(Complex that) {
+            return new ValueComplex(this.re * that.re() - this.im * that.im(),
+                    this.re * that.im() + this.im * that.re());
+        }
+
+        public double length() {
+            return Math.sqrt(re * re + im * im);
+        }
+
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/matrix/Identity.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/matrix/Identity.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..96d119e9afd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/matrix/Identity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.matrix;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
+
+
+public class Identity extends MatrixBase {
+
+    public static IdentityComplex[][] create_matrix_ref(int size) {
+        return new IdentityComplex[size][size];
+    }
+
+    public static Complex[][] create_matrix_int(int size) {
+        return new Complex[size][size];
+    }
+
+    public static abstract class RefState extends SizeState {
+        IdentityComplex[][] A;
+        IdentityComplex[][] B;
+
+        static void populate(IdentityComplex[][] m) {
+            int size = m.length;
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                    m[i][j] = new IdentityComplex(ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextDouble(), ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextDouble());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static abstract class IntState extends SizeState {
+        Complex[][] A;
+        Complex[][] B;
+
+        static void populate(Complex[][] m) {
+            int size = m.length;
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                    m[i][j] = new IdentityComplex(ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextDouble(), ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextDouble());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class Ref_as_Ref extends RefState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            populate(A = create_matrix_ref(size));
+            populate(B = create_matrix_ref(size));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class Ref_as_Int extends IntState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            populate(A = create_matrix_ref(size));
+            populate(B = create_matrix_ref(size));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class Int_as_Int extends IntState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            populate(A = create_matrix_int(size));
+            populate(B = create_matrix_int(size));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public IdentityComplex[][] mult_ref_as_ref(Ref_as_Ref st) {
+        IdentityComplex[][] A = st.A;
+        IdentityComplex[][] B = st.B;
+        int size = st.size;
+        IdentityComplex[][] R = create_matrix_ref(size);
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                IdentityComplex s = new IdentityComplex(0,0);
+                for (int k = 0; k < size; k++) {
+                    s = s.add(A[i][k].mul(B[k][j]));
+                }
+                R[i][j] = s;
+            }
+        }
+        return R;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public Complex[][] mult_ref_as_int(Ref_as_Int st) {
+        Complex[][] A = st.A;
+        Complex[][] B = st.B;
+        int size = st.size;
+        Complex[][] R = create_matrix_ref(size);
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                Complex s = new IdentityComplex(0,0);
+                for (int k = 0; k < size; k++) {
+                    s = s.add(A[i][k].mul(B[k][j]));
+                }
+                R[i][j] = s;
+            }
+        }
+        return R;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public Complex[][] mult_int_as_int(Int_as_Int st) {
+        Complex[][] A = st.A;
+        Complex[][] B = st.B;
+        int size = st.size;
+        Complex[][] R = create_matrix_int(size);
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                Complex s = new IdentityComplex(0,0);
+                for (int k = 0; k < size; k++) {
+                    s = s.add(A[i][k].mul(B[k][j]));
+                }
+                R[i][j] = s;
+            }
+        }
+        return R;
+    }
+
+    public interface Complex {
+        double re();
+        double im();
+        Complex add(Complex that);
+        Complex mul(Complex that);
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityComplex implements Complex {
+
+        private final double re;
+        private final double im;
+
+        public IdentityComplex(double re, double im) {
+            this.re =  re;
+            this.im =  im;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public double re() { return re; }
+
+        @Override
+        public double im() { return im; }
+
+        @Override
+        public IdentityComplex add(Complex that) {
+            return new IdentityComplex(this.re + that.re(), this.im + that.im());
+        }
+
+        public IdentityComplex add(IdentityComplex that) {
+            return new IdentityComplex(this.re + that.re, this.im + that.im);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public IdentityComplex mul(Complex that) {
+            return new IdentityComplex(this.re * that.re() - this.im * that.im(),
+                    this.re * that.im() + this.im * that.re());
+        }
+
+        public IdentityComplex mul(IdentityComplex that) {
+            return new IdentityComplex(this.re * that.re - this.im * that.im,
+                    this.re * that.im + this.im * that.re);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/matrix/MatrixBase.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/matrix/MatrixBase.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cbfb536b498
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/matrix/MatrixBase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.matrix;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Param;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(3)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.MICROSECONDS)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 3)
+@Measurement(iterations = 3, time = 8)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+public class MatrixBase {
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static abstract class SizeState {
+        @Param({
+                "20",
+                "360",
+        })
+        public int size;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/matrix/Primitive.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/matrix/Primitive.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..743044e004f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/matrix/Primitive.java
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.matrix;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
+
+public class Primitive extends MatrixBase {
+
+    public static class PrimState extends SizeState {
+        double[][] A;
+        double[][] B;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            A = populate(new double[size][size * 2]);
+            B = populate(new double[size][size * 2]);
+        }
+
+        private double[][] populate(double[][] m) {
+            int size = m.length;
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                    m[i][j * 2] = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextDouble();
+                    m[i][j * 2 + 1] = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextDouble();
+                }
+            }
+            return m;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public double[][] multiply(PrimState st) {
+        double[][] A = st.A;
+        double[][] B = st.B;
+        int size = st.size;
+        double[][] R = new double[size][size * 2];
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                double s_re = 0;
+                double s_im = 0;
+                for (int k = 0; k < size; k++) {
+                    double are = A[i][k * 2];
+                    double aim = A[i][k * 2 + 1];
+                    double bre = B[k][j * 2];
+                    double bim = B[k][j * 2 + 1];
+                    s_re += are * bre - aim * bim;
+                    s_im += are * bim + bre * aim;
+                }
+                R[i][j * 2] = s_re;
+                R[i][j * 2 + 1] = s_im;
+            }
+        }
+        return R;
+    }
+
+//    @Benchmark
+//    public double[][] multiplyCacheFriendly() {
+//        int size = A.length;
+//        double[][] R = new double[size][size * 2];
+//        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+//            for (int k = 0; k < size; k++) {
+//                double are = A[i][k * 2 + 0];
+//                double aim = A[i][k * 2 + 1];
+//                for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+//                    double bre = B[k][j * 2 + 0];
+//                    double bim = B[k][j * 2 + 1];
+//                    R[i][j * 2 + 0] += are * bre - aim * bim;
+//                    R[i][j * 2 + 1] += are * bim + bre * aim;
+//                }
+//            }
+//        }
+//        return R;
+//    }
+
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/matrix/Value.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/matrix/Value.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fbc37ee1212
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/matrix/Value.java
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.matrix;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value extends MatrixBase {
+
+    public static ValueComplex[][] create_matrix_val(int size) {
+        return new ValueComplex[size][size];
+    }
+
+    public static Complex[][] create_matrix_int(int size) {
+        return new Complex[size][size];
+    }
+
+    public static abstract class ValState extends SizeState {
+        ValueComplex[][] A;
+        ValueComplex[][] B;
+
+        static void populate(ValueComplex[][] m) {
+            int size = m.length;
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                    m[i][j] = new ValueComplex(ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextDouble(), ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextDouble());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static abstract class IntState extends SizeState {
+        Complex[][] A;
+        Complex[][] B;
+
+        static void populate(Complex[][] m) {
+            int size = m.length;
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                    m[i][j] = new ValueComplex(ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextDouble(), ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextDouble());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class Val_as_Val extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            populate(A = create_matrix_val(size));
+            populate(B = create_matrix_val(size));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class Val_as_Int extends IntState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            populate(A = create_matrix_val(size));
+            populate(B = create_matrix_val(size));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class Int_as_Int extends IntState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            populate(A = create_matrix_int(size));
+            populate(B = create_matrix_int(size));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueComplex[][] mult_val_as_val(Val_as_Val st) {
+        ValueComplex[][] A = st.A;
+        ValueComplex[][] B = st.B;
+        int size = st.size;
+        ValueComplex[][] R = create_matrix_val(size);
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                ValueComplex s = new ValueComplex(0,0);
+                for (int k = 0; k < size; k++) {
+                    s = s.add(A[i][k].mul(B[k][j]));
+                }
+                R[i][j] = s;
+            }
+        }
+        return R;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public Complex[][] mult_val_as_int(Val_as_Int st) {
+        Complex[][] A = st.A;
+        Complex[][] B = st.B;
+        int size = st.size;
+        Complex[][] R = create_matrix_val(size);
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                Complex s = new ValueComplex(0,0);
+                for (int k = 0; k < size; k++) {
+                    s = s.add(A[i][k].mul(B[k][j]));
+                }
+                R[i][j] = s;
+            }
+        }
+        return R;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public Complex[][] mult_int_as_int(Int_as_Int st) {
+        Complex[][] A = st.A;
+        Complex[][] B = st.B;
+        int size = st.size;
+        Complex[][] R = create_matrix_int(size);
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                Complex s = new ValueComplex(0,0);
+                for (int k = 0; k < size; k++) {
+                    s = s.add(A[i][k].mul(B[k][j]));
+                }
+                R[i][j] = s;
+            }
+        }
+        return R;
+    }
+
+    public interface Complex {
+        double re();
+        double im();
+        Complex add(Complex that);
+        Complex mul(Complex that);
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueComplex implements Complex {
+
+        private final double re;
+        private final double im;
+
+        public ValueComplex(double re, double im) {
+            this.re =  re;
+            this.im =  im;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public double re() { return re; }
+
+        @Override
+        public double im() { return im; }
+
+        @Override
+        public ValueComplex add(Complex that) {
+            return new ValueComplex(this.re + that.re(), this.im + that.im());
+        }
+
+        public ValueComplex add(ValueComplex that) {
+            return new ValueComplex(this.re + that.re, this.im + that.im);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public ValueComplex mul(Complex that) {
+            return new ValueComplex(this.re * that.re() - this.im * that.im(),
+                    this.re * that.im() + this.im * that.re());
+        }
+
+        public ValueComplex mul(ValueComplex that) {
+            return new ValueComplex(this.re * that.re - this.im * that.im,
+                    this.re * that.im + this.im * that.re);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/matrix/ValueNullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/matrix/ValueNullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5d484035f20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/matrix/ValueNullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.matrix;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
+
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class ValueNullFree extends MatrixBase {
+
+    public static ValueComplex[][] create_matrix_val(int size) {
+            ValueComplex[][] x;
+            x = new ValueComplex[size][];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                x[i] = (ValueComplex[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueComplex.class, size, new ValueComplex(0, 0));
+            }
+            return x;
+    }
+
+    public static Complex[][] create_matrix_int(int size) {
+        return new Complex[size][size];
+    }
+
+    public static abstract class ValState extends SizeState {
+        ValueComplex[][] A;
+        ValueComplex[][] B;
+
+        static void populate(ValueComplex[][] m) {
+            int size = m.length;
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                    m[i][j] = new ValueComplex(ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextDouble(), ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextDouble());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static abstract class IntState extends SizeState {
+        Complex[][] A;
+        Complex[][] B;
+
+        static void populate(Complex[][] m) {
+            int size = m.length;
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                    m[i][j] = new ValueComplex(ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextDouble(), ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextDouble());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class Val_as_Val extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            populate(A = create_matrix_val(size));
+            populate(B = create_matrix_val(size));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class Val_as_Int extends IntState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            populate(A = create_matrix_val(size));
+            populate(B = create_matrix_val(size));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class Int_as_Int extends IntState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            populate(A = create_matrix_int(size));
+            populate(B = create_matrix_int(size));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueComplex[][] mult_val_as_val(Val_as_Val st) {
+        ValueComplex[][] A = st.A;
+        ValueComplex[][] B = st.B;
+        int size = st.size;
+        ValueComplex[][] R = create_matrix_val(size);
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                ValueComplex s = new ValueComplex(0,0);
+                for (int k = 0; k < size; k++) {
+                    s = s.add(A[i][k].mul(B[k][j]));
+                }
+                R[i][j] = s;
+            }
+        }
+        return R;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public Complex[][] mult_val_as_int(Val_as_Int st) {
+        Complex[][] A = st.A;
+        Complex[][] B = st.B;
+        int size = st.size;
+        Complex[][] R = create_matrix_val(size);
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                Complex s = new ValueComplex(0,0);
+                for (int k = 0; k < size; k++) {
+                    s = s.add(A[i][k].mul(B[k][j]));
+                }
+                R[i][j] = s;
+            }
+        }
+        return R;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public Complex[][] mult_int_as_int(Int_as_Int st) {
+        Complex[][] A = st.A;
+        Complex[][] B = st.B;
+        int size = st.size;
+        Complex[][] R = create_matrix_int(size);
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                Complex s = new ValueComplex(0,0);
+                for (int k = 0; k < size; k++) {
+                    s = s.add(A[i][k].mul(B[k][j]));
+                }
+                R[i][j] = s;
+            }
+        }
+        return R;
+    }
+
+    public interface Complex {
+        double re();
+        double im();
+        Complex add(Complex that);
+        Complex mul(Complex that);
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueComplex implements Complex {
+
+        private final double re;
+        private final double im;
+
+        public ValueComplex(double re, double im) {
+            this.re =  re;
+            this.im =  im;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public double re() { return re; }
+
+        @Override
+        public double im() { return im; }
+
+        @Override
+        public ValueComplex add(Complex that) {
+            return new ValueComplex(this.re + that.re(), this.im + that.im());
+        }
+
+        public ValueComplex add(ValueComplex that) {
+            return new ValueComplex(this.re + that.re, this.im + that.im);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public ValueComplex mul(Complex that) {
+            return new ValueComplex(this.re * that.re() - this.im * that.im(),
+                    this.re * that.im() + this.im * that.re());
+        }
+
+        public ValueComplex mul(ValueComplex that) {
+            return new ValueComplex(this.re * that.re - this.im * that.im,
+                    this.re * that.im + this.im * that.re);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/matrix/ValueNullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/matrix/ValueNullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..513765822df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/matrix/ValueNullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.matrix;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
+
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class ValueNullFreeNonAtomic extends MatrixBase {
+
+    public static ValueComplex[][] create_matrix_val(int size) {
+            ValueComplex[][] x;
+            x = new ValueComplex[size][];
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                x[i] = (ValueComplex[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueComplex.class, size, new ValueComplex(0, 0));
+            }
+            return x;
+    }
+
+    public static Complex[][] create_matrix_int(int size) {
+        return new Complex[size][size];
+    }
+
+    public static abstract class ValState extends SizeState {
+        ValueComplex[][] A;
+        ValueComplex[][] B;
+
+        static void populate(ValueComplex[][] m) {
+            int size = m.length;
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                    m[i][j] = new ValueComplex(ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextDouble(), ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextDouble());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static abstract class IntState extends SizeState {
+        Complex[][] A;
+        Complex[][] B;
+
+        static void populate(Complex[][] m) {
+            int size = m.length;
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                    m[i][j] = new ValueComplex(ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextDouble(), ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextDouble());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class Val_as_Val extends ValState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            populate(A = create_matrix_val(size));
+            populate(B = create_matrix_val(size));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class Val_as_Int extends IntState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            populate(A = create_matrix_val(size));
+            populate(B = create_matrix_val(size));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class Int_as_Int extends IntState {
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            populate(A = create_matrix_int(size));
+            populate(B = create_matrix_int(size));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public ValueComplex[][] mult_val_as_val(Val_as_Val st) {
+        ValueComplex[][] A = st.A;
+        ValueComplex[][] B = st.B;
+        int size = st.size;
+        ValueComplex[][] R = create_matrix_val(size);
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                ValueComplex s = new ValueComplex(0,0);
+                for (int k = 0; k < size; k++) {
+                    s = s.add(A[i][k].mul(B[k][j]));
+                }
+                R[i][j] = s;
+            }
+        }
+        return R;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public Complex[][] mult_val_as_int(Val_as_Int st) {
+        Complex[][] A = st.A;
+        Complex[][] B = st.B;
+        int size = st.size;
+        Complex[][] R = create_matrix_val(size);
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                Complex s = new ValueComplex(0,0);
+                for (int k = 0; k < size; k++) {
+                    s = s.add(A[i][k].mul(B[k][j]));
+                }
+                R[i][j] = s;
+            }
+        }
+        return R;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public Complex[][] mult_int_as_int(Int_as_Int st) {
+        Complex[][] A = st.A;
+        Complex[][] B = st.B;
+        int size = st.size;
+        Complex[][] R = create_matrix_int(size);
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+                Complex s = new ValueComplex(0,0);
+                for (int k = 0; k < size; k++) {
+                    s = s.add(A[i][k].mul(B[k][j]));
+                }
+                R[i][j] = s;
+            }
+        }
+        return R;
+    }
+
+    public interface Complex {
+        double re();
+        double im();
+        Complex add(Complex that);
+        Complex mul(Complex that);
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueComplex implements Complex {
+
+        private final double re;
+        private final double im;
+
+        public ValueComplex(double re, double im) {
+            this.re =  re;
+            this.im =  im;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public double re() { return re; }
+
+        @Override
+        public double im() { return im; }
+
+        @Override
+        public ValueComplex add(Complex that) {
+            return new ValueComplex(this.re + that.re(), this.im + that.im());
+        }
+
+        public ValueComplex add(ValueComplex that) {
+            return new ValueComplex(this.re + that.re, this.im + that.im);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public ValueComplex mul(Complex that) {
+            return new ValueComplex(this.re * that.re() - this.im * that.im(),
+                    this.re * that.im() + this.im * that.re());
+        }
+
+        public ValueComplex mul(ValueComplex that) {
+            return new ValueComplex(this.re * that.re - this.im * that.im,
+                    this.re * that.im + this.im * that.re);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/ArrayListInt.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/ArrayListInt.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d74e455fe9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/ArrayListInt.java
@@ -0,0 +1,640 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.sandbox.corelibs;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.ConcurrentModificationException;
+import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import java.util.function.IntConsumer;
+import java.util.function.Predicate;
+import java.util.function.UnaryOperator;
+
+/**
+ * Resizable-array implementation like {@code ArrayList<int>}.
+ */
+public class ArrayListInt
+//        extends AbstractList<E>
+//        implements List<int>, RandomAccess, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable
+{
+    @java.io.Serial
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 8683452581122892189L;
+
+    /**
+     *new ()   initial capacity.
+     */
+    private static final int DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 10;
+
+    /**
+     * Shared empty array instance used for empty instances.
+     */
+    private static final int[] EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA = {};
+
+    /**
+     * Shared empty array instance used for default sized empty instances. We
+     * distinguish this from EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA to know how much to inflate when
+     * first element is added.
+     */
+    private static final int[] DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA = new int[0];
+
+    /**
+     * The array buffer into which the elements of the ArrayList are stored.
+     * The capacity of the ArrayList is the length of this array buffer. Any
+     * empty ArrayList with elementData == DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA
+     * will be expanded to DEFAULT_CAPACITY when the first element is added.
+     */
+    transient int[] elementData; // non-private to simplify nested class access
+
+    protected transient int modCount = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * The size of the ArrayList (the number of elements it contains).
+     *
+     * @serial
+     */
+    private int size;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an empty list with the specified initial capacity.
+     *
+     * @param  initialCapacity  the initial capacity of the list
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified initial capacity
+     *         is negative
+     */
+    public ArrayListInt(int initialCapacity) {
+        if (initialCapacity > 0) {
+            this.elementData = new int[initialCapacity];
+        } else if (initialCapacity == 0) {
+            this.elementData = EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA;
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal Capacity: "+
+                                               initialCapacity);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an empty list with an initial capacity of ten.
+     */
+    public ArrayListInt() {
+        this.elementData = DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Trims the capacity of this {@code ArrayList} instance to be the
+     * list's current size.  An application can use this operation to minimize
+     * the storage of an {@code ArrayList} instance.
+     */
+    public void trimToSize() {
+        modCount++;
+        if (size < elementData.length) {
+            elementData = (size == 0)
+              ? EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA
+              : Arrays.copyOf(elementData, size);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Increases the capacity of this {@code ArrayList} instance, if
+     * necessary, to ensure that it can hold at least the number of elements
+     * specified by the minimum capacity argument.
+     *
+     * @param minCapacity the desired minimum capacity
+     */
+    public void ensureCapacity(int minCapacity) {
+        if (minCapacity > elementData.length
+            && !(elementData == DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA
+                 && minCapacity <= DEFAULT_CAPACITY)) {
+            modCount++;
+            grow(minCapacity);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Increases the capacity to ensure that it can hold at least the
+     * number of elements specified by the minimum capacity argument.
+     *
+     * @param minCapacity the desired minimum capacity
+     * @throws OutOfMemoryError if minCapacity is less than zero
+     */
+    private int[] grow(int minCapacity) {
+        int oldCapacity = elementData.length;
+        if (oldCapacity > 0 || elementData != DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA) {
+            int newCapacity = newLength(oldCapacity,
+                    minCapacity - oldCapacity, /* minimum growth */
+                    oldCapacity >> 1           /* preferred growth */);
+            return elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, newCapacity);
+        } else {
+            return elementData = new int[Math.max(DEFAULT_CAPACITY, minCapacity)];
+        }
+    }
+
+    private int[] grow() {
+        return grow(size + 1);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the number of elements in this list.
+     *
+     * @return the number of elements in this list
+     */
+    public int size() {
+        return size;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns {@code true} if this list contains no elements.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if this list contains no elements
+     */
+    public boolean isEmpty() {
+        return size == 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns {@code true} if this list contains the specified element.
+     * More formally, returns {@code true} if and only if this list contains
+     * at least one element {@code e} such that
+     * {@code Objects.equals(o, e)}.
+     *
+     * @param o element whose presence in this list is to be tested
+     * @return {@code true} if this list contains the specified element
+     */
+    public boolean contains(int o) {
+        return indexOf(o) >= 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the index of the first occurrence of the specified element
+     * in this list, or -1 if this list does not contain the element.
+     * More formally, returns the lowest index {@code i} such that
+     * {@code Objects.equals(o, get(i))},
+     * or -1 if there is no such index.
+     */
+    public int indexOf(int o) {
+        return indexOfRange(o, 0, size);
+    }
+
+    int indexOfRange(int o, int start, int end) {
+        int[] es = elementData;
+        for (int i = start; i < end; i++) {
+            if (o == es[i]) {
+                return i;
+            }
+        }
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the index of the last occurrence of the specified element
+     * in this list, or -1 if this list does not contain the element.
+     * More formally, returns the highest index {@code i} such that
+     * {@code Objects.equals(o, get(i))},
+     * or -1 if there is no such index.
+     */
+    public int lastIndexOf(int o) {
+        return lastIndexOfRange(o, 0, size);
+    }
+
+    int lastIndexOfRange(int o, int start, int end) {
+        int[] es = elementData;
+            {
+            for (int i = end - 1; i >= start; i--) {
+                if (o == es[i]) {
+                    return i;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this list
+     * in proper sequence (from first to last element).
+     *
+     * <p>The returned array will be "safe" in that no references to it are
+     * maintained by this list.  (In other words, this method must allocate
+     * a new array).  The caller is thus free to modify the returned array.
+     *
+     * <p>This method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based
+     * APIs.
+     *
+     * @return an array containing all of the elements in this list in
+     *         proper sequence
+     */
+    public int[] toArray() {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(elementData, size);
+    }
+
+    // Positional Access Operations
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    int elementData(int index) {
+        return (int) elementData[index];
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    static int elementAt(int[] es, int index) {
+        return es[index];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the element at the specified position in this list.
+     *
+     * @param  index index of the element to return
+     * @return the element at the specified position in this list
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public int get(int index) {
+        Objects.checkIndex(index, size);
+        return elementData(index);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Replaces the element at the specified position in this list with
+     * the specified element.
+     *
+     * @param index index of the element to replace
+     * @param element element to be stored at the specified position
+     * @return the element previously at the specified position
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public int set(int index, int element) {
+        Objects.checkIndex(index, size);
+        int oldValue = elementData(index);
+        elementData[index] = element;
+        return oldValue;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This helper method split out from add(int) to keep method
+     * bytecode size under 35 (the -XX:MaxInlineSize default value),
+     * which helps when add(int) is called in a C1-compiled loop.
+     */
+    private void add(int e, int[] elementData, int s) {
+        if (s == elementData.length)
+            elementData = grow();
+        elementData[s] = e;
+        size = s + 1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Appends the specified element to the end of this list.
+     *
+     * @param e element to be appended to this list
+     * @return {@code true} (as specified by {@link Collection#add})
+     */
+    public boolean add(int e) {
+        modCount++;
+        add(e, elementData, size);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Inserts the specified element at the specified position in this
+     * list. Shifts the element currently at that position (if any) and
+     * any subsequent elements to the right (adds one to their indices).
+     *
+     * @param index index at which the specified element is to be inserted
+     * @param element element to be inserted
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public void add(int index, int element) {
+        rangeCheckForAdd(index);
+        modCount++;
+        final int s;
+        int[] elementData;
+        if ((s = size) == (elementData = this.elementData).length)
+            elementData = grow();
+        System.arraycopy(elementData, index,
+                         elementData, index + 1,
+                         s - index);
+        elementData[index] = element;
+        size = s + 1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes the element at the specified position in this list.
+     * Shifts any subsequent elements to the left (subtracts one from their
+     * indices).
+     *
+     * @param index the index of the element to be removed
+     * @return the element that was removed from the list
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public int remove(int index) {
+        Objects.checkIndex(index, size);
+        final int[] es = elementData;
+
+        int oldValue = (int) es[index];
+        fastRemove(es, index);
+
+        return oldValue;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public boolean equals(Object o) {
+        if (o == this) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        if (!(o instanceof ArrayListInt)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        final int expectedModCount = modCount;
+        // ArrayList can be subclassed and given arbitrary behavior, but we can
+        // still deal with the common case where o is ArrayList precisely
+        boolean equal = equalsArrayList((ArrayListInt) o);
+
+        checkForComodification(expectedModCount);
+        return equal;
+    }
+
+    private boolean equalsArrayList(ArrayListInt other) {
+        final int otherModCount = other.modCount;
+        final int s = size;
+        boolean equal;
+        if (equal = (s == other.size)) {
+            final int[] otherEs = other.elementData;
+            final int[] es = elementData;
+            if (s > es.length || s > otherEs.length) {
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+            }
+            for (int i = 0; i < s; i++) {
+                if (es[i] != otherEs[i]) {
+                    equal = false;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        other.checkForComodification(otherModCount);
+        return equal;
+    }
+
+    private void checkForComodification(final int expectedModCount) {
+        if (modCount != expectedModCount) {
+            throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public int hashCode() {
+        int expectedModCount = modCount;
+        int hash = hashCodeRange(0, size);
+        checkForComodification(expectedModCount);
+        return hash;
+    }
+
+    int hashCodeRange(int from, int to) {
+        final int[] es = elementData;
+        if (to > es.length) {
+            throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+        }
+        int hashCode = 1;
+        for (int i = from; i < to; i++) {
+            int e = es[i];
+            hashCode = 31 * hashCode + e;
+        }
+        return hashCode;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes the first occurrence of the specified element from this list,
+     * if it is present.  If the list does not contain the element, it is
+     * unchanged.  More formally, removes the element with the lowest index
+     * {@code i} such that
+     * {@code Objects.equals(o, get(i))}
+     * (if such an element exists).  Returns {@code true} if this list
+     * contained the specified element (or equivalently, if this list
+     * changed as a result of the call).
+     *
+     * @param o element to be removed from this list, if present
+     * @return {@code true} if this list contained the specified element
+     */
+    public boolean removeC(int o) {
+        final int[] es = elementData;
+        final int size = this.size;
+        int i = 0;
+        found:
+        {
+//            if (o == null) {
+//                for (; i < size; i++)
+//                    if (es[i] == null)
+//                        break found;
+//            } else
+                {
+                for (; i < size; i++)
+                    if (o == es[i])
+                        break found;
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+        fastRemove(es, i);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Private remove method that skips bounds checking and does not
+     * return the value removed.
+     */
+    private void fastRemove(int[] es, int i) {
+        modCount++;
+        final int newSize;
+        if ((newSize = size - 1) > i)
+            System.arraycopy(es, i + 1, es, i, newSize - i);
+        es[size = newSize] = 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes all of the elements from this list.  The list will
+     * be empty after this call returns.
+     */
+    public void clear() {
+        modCount++;
+        final int[] es = elementData;
+        for (int to = size, i = size = 0; i < to; i++)
+            es[i] = 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes from this list all of the elements whose index is between
+     * {@code fromIndex}, inclusive, and {@code toIndex}, exclusive.
+     * Shifts any succeeding elements to the left (reduces their index).
+     * This call shortens the list by {@code (toIndex - fromIndex)} elements.
+     * (If {@code toIndex==fromIndex}, this operation has no effect.)
+     *
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code fromIndex} or
+     *         {@code toIndex} is out of range
+     *         ({@code fromIndex < 0 ||
+     *          toIndex > size() ||
+     *          toIndex < fromIndex})
+     */
+    protected void removeRange(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
+        if (fromIndex > toIndex) {
+            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(
+                    outOfBoundsMsg(fromIndex, toIndex));
+        }
+        modCount++;
+        shiftTailOverGap(elementData, fromIndex, toIndex);
+    }
+
+    /** Erases the gap from lo to hi, by sliding down following elements. */
+    private void shiftTailOverGap(int[] es, int lo, int hi) {
+        System.arraycopy(es, hi, es, lo, size - hi);
+        for (int to = size, i = (size -= hi - lo); i < to; i++)
+            es[i] = 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A version of rangeCheck used by add and addAll.
+     */
+    private void rangeCheckForAdd(int index) {
+        if (index > size || index < 0)
+            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(outOfBoundsMsg(index));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an IndexOutOfBoundsException detail message.
+     * Of the many possible refactorings of the error handling code,
+     * this "outlining" performs best with both server and client VMs.
+     */
+    private String outOfBoundsMsg(int index) {
+        return "Index: "+index+", Size: "+size;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A version used in checking (fromIndex > toIndex) condition
+     */
+    private static String outOfBoundsMsg(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
+        return "From Index: " + fromIndex + " > To Index: " + toIndex;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an iterator over the elements in this list in proper sequence.
+     *
+     * <p>The returned iterator is <a href="#fail-fast"><i>fail-fast</i></a>.
+     *
+     * @return an iterator over the elements in this list in proper sequence
+     */
+    public IntItr iterator() {
+        return new IntItr();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * An optimized version of AbstractList.Itr
+     */
+    private class IntItr {
+        int cursor;       // index of next element to return
+        int lastRet = -1; // index of last element returned; -1 if no such
+        int expectedModCount = modCount;
+
+        // prevent creating a synthetic constructor
+        IntItr() {}
+
+        public boolean hasNext() {
+            return cursor != size;
+        }
+
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        public int next() {
+            checkForComodification();
+            int i = cursor;
+            if (i >= size)
+                throw new NoSuchElementException();
+            int[] elementData = ArrayListInt.this.elementData;
+            if (i >= elementData.length)
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+            cursor = i + 1;
+            return (int) elementData[lastRet = i];
+        }
+
+        public void remove() {
+            if (lastRet < 0)
+                throw new IllegalStateException();
+            checkForComodification();
+
+            try {
+                ArrayListInt.this.remove(lastRet);
+                cursor = lastRet;
+                lastRet = -1;
+                expectedModCount = modCount;
+            } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void forEachRemaining(IntConsumer action) {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(action);
+            final int size = ArrayListInt.this.size;
+            int i = cursor;
+            if (i < size) {
+                final int[] es = elementData;
+                if (i >= es.length)
+                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+                for (; i < size && modCount == expectedModCount; i++)
+                    action.accept(elementAt(es, i));
+                // update once at end to reduce heap write traffic
+                cursor = i;
+                lastRet = i - 1;
+                checkForComodification();
+            }
+        }
+
+        final void checkForComodification() {
+            if (modCount != expectedModCount)
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static final int MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH = Integer.MAX_VALUE - 8;
+
+    static int newLength(int oldLength, int minGrowth, int prefGrowth) {
+        // assert oldLength >= 0
+        // assert minGrowth > 0
+
+        int newLength = Math.max(minGrowth, prefGrowth) + oldLength;
+        if (newLength - MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH <= 0) {
+            return newLength;
+        }
+        return hugeLength(oldLength, minGrowth);
+    }
+
+    private static int hugeLength(int oldLength, int minGrowth) {
+        int minLength = oldLength + minGrowth;
+        if (minLength < 0) { // overflow
+            throw new OutOfMemoryError("Required array length too large");
+        }
+        if (minLength <= MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH) {
+            return MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH;
+        }
+        return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/ArrayListOfIntBench.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/ArrayListOfIntBench.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ed9b923444e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/ArrayListOfIntBench.java
@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.sandbox.corelibs;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Param;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.TearDown;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/**
+ * Measure performance of List of Integer operations.
+ * - Set all of int from a set of random numbers (with a seed)
+ * - Get all
+ * - Shuffle the array
+ * - Sort the array
+ */
+
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = "--enable-preview")
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 2)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 3)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.MICROSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class ArrayListOfIntBench {
+
+    @Param({
+            "100",
+            "1000000",
+    })
+    public int size;
+
+    ArrayListInt arrayListInt;
+    ArrayListPrimitiveInt arrayListPrimitiveInt;
+    ArrayList<Integer> arrayListOfInteger;
+    ArrayList<PrimitiveInt> arrayListOfPrimitiveInt;
+    Random random;
+
+    @Setup
+    public void setup() {
+        arrayListInt = new ArrayListInt(size);
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            arrayListInt.add(i, i);
+        }
+
+        arrayListPrimitiveInt = new ArrayListPrimitiveInt(size);
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            arrayListPrimitiveInt.add(i, new PrimitiveInt(i));
+        }
+
+        arrayListOfInteger = new ArrayList<>(size);
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            arrayListOfInteger.add(i, i);
+        }
+
+        arrayListOfPrimitiveInt = new ArrayList<PrimitiveInt>(size);
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            arrayListOfPrimitiveInt.add(i, new PrimitiveInt(i));
+        }
+
+        random = new Random(42);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public Object appendListInt() {
+        ArrayListInt list = new ArrayListInt(size);
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            list.add(i);
+        }
+        return list;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public Object appendListPrimitiveInt() {
+        ArrayListPrimitiveInt list = new ArrayListPrimitiveInt(size);
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            list.add(new PrimitiveInt(i));
+        }
+        return list;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public Object appendListOfInteger() {
+        ArrayList<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>(size);
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            list.add(i);
+        }
+        return list;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public Object appendListOfPrimitiveInt() {
+        ArrayList<PrimitiveInt> list = new ArrayList<>(size);
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            list.add(new PrimitiveInt(i));
+        }
+        return list;
+    }
+
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sumListInt() {
+        int sum = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            sum += arrayListInt.get(i);
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sumListOfInteger() {
+        int sum = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            sum += arrayListOfInteger.get(i);
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sumListPrimitiveInt() {
+        int sum = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            sum += arrayListPrimitiveInt.get(i).value();
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sumListOfPrimitiveInt() {
+        int sum = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            sum += arrayListOfPrimitiveInt.get(i).value();
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int thrashListInt() {
+        final ArrayListInt list = arrayListInt;
+
+        int sum = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+            int ndx = (random.nextInt() & 0x7fffffff) % list.size();    // positive
+            if (list.size() == size) {
+                list.remove(ndx);
+            } else {
+                list.add(ndx);
+            }
+            sum += ndx;
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int thrashListPrimitiveInt() {
+        final ArrayListPrimitiveInt list = arrayListPrimitiveInt;
+        int sum = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+            int ndx = (random.nextInt() & 0x7fffffff) % list.size();    // positive
+            if (list.size() == size) {
+                list.remove(ndx);
+            } else {
+                list.add(ndx, new PrimitiveInt(ndx));
+            }
+            sum += ndx;
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int thrashListOfInteger() {
+        final ArrayList<Integer> list = arrayListOfInteger;
+        int sum = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+            int ndx = (random.nextInt() & 0x7fffffff) % list.size();    // positive
+            if (list.size() == size) {
+                list.remove(ndx);
+            } else {
+                list.add(ndx);
+            }
+            sum += ndx;
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int thrashListOfPrimitiveInt() {
+        final ArrayList<PrimitiveInt> list = arrayListOfPrimitiveInt;
+        int sum = 0;
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+            int ndx = (random.nextInt() & 0x7fffffff) % list.size();    // positive
+            if (list.size() == size) {
+                list.remove(ndx);
+            } else {
+                list.add(ndx, new PrimitiveInt(ndx));
+            }
+            sum += ndx;
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/ArrayListPrimitiveInt.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/ArrayListPrimitiveInt.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..edf9fe3b300
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/ArrayListPrimitiveInt.java
@@ -0,0 +1,678 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.sandbox.corelibs;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.ConcurrentModificationException;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import java.util.function.IntConsumer;
+import java.util.function.Predicate;
+import java.util.function.UnaryOperator;
+
+/**
+ * Resizable-array implementation like {@code ArrayList<PrimitiveInt>}.
+ */
+public class ArrayListPrimitiveInt
+//        extends AbstractList<E>
+//        implements List<int>, RandomAccess, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable
+{
+    @java.io.Serial
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 8683452581122892189L;
+
+    /**
+     * Default initial capacity.
+     */
+    private static final int DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 10;
+
+    /**
+     * Shared empty array instance used for empty instances.
+     */
+    private static final PrimitiveInt[] EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA = {};
+
+    /**
+     * Shared empty array instance used for default sized empty instances. We
+     * distinguish this from EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA to know how much to inflate when
+     * first element is added.
+     */
+    private static final PrimitiveInt[] DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA = new PrimitiveInt[0];
+
+    /**
+     * The array buffer into which the elements of the ArrayList are stored.
+     * The capacity of the ArrayList is the length of this array buffer. Any
+     * empty ArrayList with elementData == DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA
+     * will be expanded to DEFAULT_CAPACITY when the first element is added.
+     */
+    transient PrimitiveInt[] elementData; // non-private to simplify nested class access
+
+    protected transient int modCount = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * The size of the ArrayList (the number of elements it contains).
+     *
+     * @serial
+     */
+    private int size;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an empty list with the specified initial capacity.
+     *
+     * @param  initialCapacity  the initial capacity of the list
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified initial capacity
+     *         is negative
+     */
+    public ArrayListPrimitiveInt(int initialCapacity) {
+        if (initialCapacity > 0) {
+            this.elementData = new PrimitiveInt[initialCapacity];
+        } else if (initialCapacity == 0) {
+            this.elementData = EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA;
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal Capacity: "+
+                    initialCapacity);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an empty list with an initial capacity of ten.
+     */
+    public ArrayListPrimitiveInt() {
+        this.elementData = DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Trims the capacity of this {@code ArrayList} instance to be the
+     * list's current size.  An application can use this operation to minimize
+     * the storage of an {@code ArrayList} instance.
+     */
+    public void trimToSize() {
+        modCount++;
+        if (size < elementData.length) {
+            elementData = (size == 0)
+                    ? EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA
+                    : (PrimitiveInt[])Arrays.copyOf(elementData, size);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Increases the capacity of this {@code ArrayList} instance, if
+     * necessary, to ensure that it can hold at least the number of elements
+     * specified by the minimum capacity argument.
+     *
+     * @param minCapacity the desired minimum capacity
+     */
+    public void ensureCapacity(int minCapacity) {
+        if (minCapacity > elementData.length
+                && !(elementData == DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA
+                && minCapacity <= DEFAULT_CAPACITY)) {
+            modCount++;
+            grow(minCapacity);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Increases the capacity to ensure that it can hold at least the
+     * number of elements specified by the minimum capacity argument.
+     *
+     * @param minCapacity the desired minimum capacity
+     * @throws OutOfMemoryError if minCapacity is less than zero
+     */
+    private PrimitiveInt[] grow(int minCapacity) {
+        int oldCapacity = elementData.length;
+        if (oldCapacity > 0 || elementData != DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA) {
+            int newCapacity = newLength(oldCapacity,
+                    minCapacity - oldCapacity, /* minimum growth */
+                    oldCapacity >> 1           /* preferred growth */);
+            return elementData = (PrimitiveInt[])Arrays.copyOf(elementData, newCapacity);
+        } else {
+            return elementData = new PrimitiveInt[Math.max(DEFAULT_CAPACITY, minCapacity)];
+        }
+    }
+
+    private PrimitiveInt[] grow() {
+        return grow(size + 1);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the number of elements in this list.
+     *
+     * @return the number of elements in this list
+     */
+    public int size() {
+        return size;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns {@code true} if this list contains no elements.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if this list contains no elements
+     */
+    public boolean isEmpty() {
+        return size == 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns {@code true} if this list contains the specified element.
+     * More formally, returns {@code true} if and only if this list contains
+     * at least one element {@code e} such that
+     * {@code Objects.equals(o, e)}.
+     *
+     * @param o element whose presence in this list is to be tested
+     * @return {@code true} if this list contains the specified element
+     */
+    public boolean contains(PrimitiveInt o) {
+        return indexOf(o) >= 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the index of the first occurrence of the specified element
+     * in this list, or -1 if this list does not contain the element.
+     * More formally, returns the lowest index {@code i} such that
+     * {@code Objects.equals(o, get(i))},
+     * or -1 if there is no such index.
+     */
+    public int indexOf(PrimitiveInt o) {
+        return indexOfRange(o, 0, size);
+    }
+
+    int indexOfRange(PrimitiveInt o, int start, int end) {
+        PrimitiveInt[] es = elementData;
+        {
+            for (int i = start; i < end; i++) {
+                if (o == es[i]) {
+                    return i;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the index of the last occurrence of the specified element
+     * in this list, or -1 if this list does not contain the element.
+     * More formally, returns the highest index {@code i} such that
+     * {@code Objects.equals(o, get(i))},
+     * or -1 if there is no such index.
+     */
+    public int lastIndexOf(PrimitiveInt o) {
+        return lastIndexOfRange(o, 0, size);
+    }
+
+    int lastIndexOfRange(PrimitiveInt o, int start, int end) {
+        PrimitiveInt[] es = elementData;
+        {
+            for (int i = end - 1; i >= start; i--) {
+                if (o == es[i]) {
+                    return i;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this list
+     * in proper sequence (from first to last element).
+     *
+     * <p>The returned array will be "safe" in that no references to it are
+     * maintained by this list.  (In other words, this method must allocate
+     * a new array).  The caller is thus free to modify the returned array.
+     *
+     * <p>This method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based
+     * APIs.
+     *
+     * @return an array containing all of the elements in this list in
+     *         proper sequence
+     */
+    public PrimitiveInt[] toArray() {
+        return (PrimitiveInt[])Arrays.copyOf(elementData, size);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this list in proper
+     * sequence (from first to last element); the runtime type of the returned
+     * array is that of the specified array.  If the list fits in the
+     * specified array, it is returned therein.  Otherwise, a new array is
+     * allocated with the runtime type of the specified array and the size of
+     * this list.
+     *
+     * <p>If the list fits in the specified array with room to spare
+     * (i.e., the array has more elements than the list), the element in
+     * the array immediately following the end of the collection is set to
+     * {@code null}.  (This is useful in determining the length of the
+     * list <i>only</i> if the caller knows that the list does not contain
+     * any null elements.)
+     *
+     * @param a the array into which the elements of the list are to
+     *          be stored, if it is big enough; otherwise, a new array of the
+     *          same runtime type is allocated for this purpose.
+     * @return an array containing the elements of the list
+     * @throws ArrayStoreException if the runtime type of the specified array
+     *         is not a supertype of the runtime type of every element in
+     *         this list
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified array is null
+     */
+//    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+//    public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a) {
+//        if (a.length < size)
+//            // Make a new array of a's runtime type, but my contents:
+//            return (T[]) Arrays.copyOf(elementData, size, a.getClass());
+//        System.arraycopy(elementData, 0, a, 0, size);
+//        if (a.length > size)
+//            a[size] = null;
+//        return a;
+//    }
+
+    // Positional Access Operations
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    PrimitiveInt elementData(int index) {
+        return (PrimitiveInt) elementData[index];
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    static PrimitiveInt elementAt(PrimitiveInt[] es, int index) {
+        return es[index];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the element at the specified position in this list.
+     *
+     * @param  index index of the element to return
+     * @return the element at the specified position in this list
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public PrimitiveInt get(int index) {
+        Objects.checkIndex(index, size);
+        return elementData(index);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Replaces the element at the specified position in this list with
+     * the specified element.
+     *
+     * @param index index of the element to replace
+     * @param element element to be stored at the specified position
+     * @return the element previously at the specified position
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public PrimitiveInt set(int index, PrimitiveInt element) {
+        Objects.checkIndex(index, size);
+        PrimitiveInt oldValue = elementData(index);
+        elementData[index] = element;
+        return oldValue;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This helper method split out from add(int) to keep method
+     * bytecode size under 35 (the -XX:MaxInlineSize default value),
+     * which helps when add(int) is called in a C1-compiled loop.
+     */
+    private void add(PrimitiveInt e, PrimitiveInt[] elementData, int s) {
+        if (s == elementData.length)
+            elementData = grow();
+        elementData[s] = e;
+        size = s + 1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Appends the specified element to the end of this list.
+     *
+     * @param e element to be appended to this list
+     * @return {@code true} (as specified by {@link Collection#add})
+     */
+    public boolean add(PrimitiveInt e) {
+        modCount++;
+        add(e, elementData, size);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Inserts the specified element at the specified position in this
+     * list. Shifts the element currently at that position (if any) and
+     * any subsequent elements to the right (adds one to their indices).
+     *
+     * @param index index at which the specified element is to be inserted
+     * @param element element to be inserted
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public void add(int index, PrimitiveInt element) {
+        rangeCheckForAdd(index);
+        modCount++;
+        final int s;
+        PrimitiveInt[] elementData;
+        if ((s = size) == (elementData = this.elementData).length)
+            elementData = grow();
+        System.arraycopy(elementData, index,
+                elementData, index + 1,
+                s - index);
+        elementData[index] = element;
+        size = s + 1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes the element at the specified position in this list.
+     * Shifts any subsequent elements to the left (subtracts one from their
+     * indices).
+     *
+     * @param index the index of the element to be removed
+     * @return the element that was removed from the list
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public PrimitiveInt remove(int index) {
+        Objects.checkIndex(index, size);
+        final PrimitiveInt[] es = elementData;
+
+        PrimitiveInt oldValue = (PrimitiveInt) es[index];
+        fastRemove(es, index);
+
+        return oldValue;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public boolean equals(Object o) {
+        if (o == this) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        if (!(o instanceof ArrayListPrimitiveInt)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        final int expectedModCount = modCount;
+        // ArrayList can be subclassed and given arbitrary behavior, but we can
+        // still deal with the common case where o is ArrayList precisely
+        boolean equal = equalsArrayList((ArrayListPrimitiveInt) o);
+
+        checkForComodification(expectedModCount);
+        return equal;
+    }
+
+    private boolean equalsArrayList(ArrayListPrimitiveInt other) {
+        final int otherModCount = other.modCount;
+        final int s = size;
+        boolean equal;
+        if (equal = (s == other.size)) {
+            final PrimitiveInt[] otherEs = other.elementData;
+            final PrimitiveInt[] es = elementData;
+            if (s > es.length || s > otherEs.length) {
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+            }
+            for (int i = 0; i < s; i++) {
+                if (es[i] != otherEs[i]) {
+                    equal = false;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        other.checkForComodification(otherModCount);
+        return equal;
+    }
+
+    private void checkForComodification(final int expectedModCount) {
+        if (modCount != expectedModCount) {
+            throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public int hashCode() {
+        int expectedModCount = modCount;
+        int hash = hashCodeRange(0, size);
+        checkForComodification(expectedModCount);
+        return hash;
+    }
+
+    int hashCodeRange(int from, int to) {
+        final PrimitiveInt[] es = elementData;
+        if (to > es.length) {
+            throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+        }
+        int hashCode = 1;
+        for (int i = from; i < to; i++) {
+            PrimitiveInt e = es[i];
+            hashCode = 31 * hashCode + e.hashCode();
+        }
+        return hashCode;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes the first occurrence of the specified element from this list,
+     * if it is present.  If the list does not contain the element, it is
+     * unchanged.  More formally, removes the element with the lowest index
+     * {@code i} such that
+     * {@code Objects.equals(o, get(i))}
+     * (if such an element exists).  Returns {@code true} if this list
+     * contained the specified element (or equivalently, if this list
+     * changed as a result of the call).
+     *
+     * @param o element to be removed from this list, if present
+     * @return {@code true} if this list contained the specified element
+     */
+    public boolean removeC(PrimitiveInt o) {
+        final PrimitiveInt[] es = elementData;
+        final int size = this.size;
+        int i = 0;
+        found:
+        {
+//            if (o == null) {
+//                for (; i < size; i++)
+//                    if (es[i] == null)
+//                        break found;
+//            } else
+            {
+                for (; i < size; i++)
+                    if (o == es[i])
+                        break found;
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+        fastRemove(es, i);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Private remove method that skips bounds checking and does not
+     * return the value removed.
+     */
+    private void fastRemove(PrimitiveInt[] es, int i) {
+        modCount++;
+        final int newSize;
+        if ((newSize = size - 1) > i)
+            System.arraycopy(es, i + 1, es, i, newSize - i);
+        es[size = newSize] = new PrimitiveInt();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes all of the elements from this list.  The list will
+     * be empty after this call returns.
+     */
+    public void clear() {
+        modCount++;
+        final PrimitiveInt[] es = elementData;
+        for (int to = size, i = size = 0; i < to; i++)
+            es[i] = new PrimitiveInt();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes from this list all of the elements whose index is between
+     * {@code fromIndex}, inclusive, and {@code toIndex}, exclusive.
+     * Shifts any succeeding elements to the left (reduces their index).
+     * This call shortens the list by {@code (toIndex - fromIndex)} elements.
+     * (If {@code toIndex==fromIndex}, this operation has no effect.)
+     *
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code fromIndex} or
+     *         {@code toIndex} is out of range
+     *         ({@code fromIndex < 0 ||
+     *          toIndex > size() ||
+     *          toIndex < fromIndex})
+     */
+    protected void removeRange(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
+        if (fromIndex > toIndex) {
+            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(
+                    outOfBoundsMsg(fromIndex, toIndex));
+        }
+        modCount++;
+        shiftTailOverGap(elementData, fromIndex, toIndex);
+    }
+
+    /** Erases the gap from lo to hi, by sliding down following elements. */
+    private void shiftTailOverGap(PrimitiveInt[] es, int lo, int hi) {
+        System.arraycopy(es, hi, es, lo, size - hi);
+        for (int to = size, i = (size -= hi - lo); i < to; i++)
+            es[i] = new PrimitiveInt();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A version of rangeCheck used by add and addAll.
+     */
+    private void rangeCheckForAdd(int index) {
+        if (index > size || index < 0)
+            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(outOfBoundsMsg(index));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an IndexOutOfBoundsException detail message.
+     * Of the many possible refactorings of the error handling code,
+     * this "outlining" performs best with both server and client VMs.
+     */
+    private String outOfBoundsMsg(int index) {
+        return "Index: "+index+", Size: "+size;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A version used in checking (fromIndex > toIndex) condition
+     */
+    private static String outOfBoundsMsg(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
+        return "From Index: " + fromIndex + " > To Index: " + toIndex;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an iterator over the elements in this list in proper sequence.
+     *
+     * <p>The returned iterator is <a href="#fail-fast"><i>fail-fast</i></a>.
+     *
+     * @return an iterator over the elements in this list in proper sequence
+     */
+    public PrimitiveIntItr iterator() {
+        return new PrimitiveIntItr();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * An optimized version of AbstractList.Itr
+     */
+    private class PrimitiveIntItr {
+        int cursor;       // index of next element to return
+        int lastRet = -1; // index of last element returned; -1 if no such
+        int expectedModCount = modCount;
+
+        // prevent creating a synthetic constructor
+        PrimitiveIntItr() {}
+
+        public boolean hasNext() {
+            return cursor != size;
+        }
+
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        public PrimitiveInt next() {
+            checkForComodification();
+            int i = cursor;
+            if (i >= size)
+                throw new NoSuchElementException();
+            PrimitiveInt[] elementData = ArrayListPrimitiveInt.this.elementData;
+            if (i >= elementData.length)
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+            cursor = i + 1;
+            return (PrimitiveInt) elementData[lastRet = i];
+        }
+
+        public void remove() {
+            if (lastRet < 0)
+                throw new IllegalStateException();
+            checkForComodification();
+
+            try {
+                ArrayListPrimitiveInt.this.remove(lastRet);
+                cursor = lastRet;
+                lastRet = -1;
+                expectedModCount = modCount;
+            } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void forEachRemaining(Consumer<? super PrimitiveInt> action) {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(action);
+            final int size = ArrayListPrimitiveInt.this.size;
+            int i = cursor;
+            if (i < size) {
+                final PrimitiveInt[] es = elementData;
+                if (i >= es.length)
+                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+                for (; i < size && modCount == expectedModCount; i++)
+                    action.accept(elementAt(es, i));
+                // update once at end to reduce heap write traffic
+                cursor = i;
+                lastRet = i - 1;
+                checkForComodification();
+            }
+        }
+
+        final void checkForComodification() {
+            if (modCount != expectedModCount)
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static final int MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH = Integer.MAX_VALUE - 8;
+
+    static int newLength(int oldLength, int minGrowth, int prefGrowth) {
+        // assert oldLength >= 0
+        // assert minGrowth > 0
+
+        int newLength = Math.max(minGrowth, prefGrowth) + oldLength;
+        if (newLength - MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH <= 0) {
+            return newLength;
+        }
+        return hugeLength(oldLength, minGrowth);
+    }
+
+    private static int hugeLength(int oldLength, int minGrowth) {
+        int minLength = oldLength + minGrowth;
+        if (minLength < 0) { // overflow
+            throw new OutOfMemoryError("Required array length too large");
+        }
+        if (minLength <= MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH) {
+            return MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH;
+        }
+        return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/InlineCursor.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/InlineCursor.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..64bc1fd4c68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/InlineCursor.java
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ */
+
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.sandbox.corelibs.corelibs;
+
+import java.util.ConcurrentModificationException;
+import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
+
+/**
+ * An inline cursor is a reference to an existing or non-existent element
+ * of a collection.
+ * <p>
+ * Cursor values are immutable, the reference to an element
+ * does not change but the state of the collection can change
+ * so the element is no longer accessible.
+ * Calling {@link #get()} throws a {@link ConcurrentModificationException}.
+ * Iterating through a Collection proceeds by creating new Cursor
+ * from the Collection or advancing to the next or retreating to previous elements.
+ * Advancing past the end of the Collection or retreating before the beginning
+ * results in Cursor values that are non-existent.
+ * A Cursor for an empty Collection does not refer to an element and
+ * throws {@link NoSuchElementException}.
+ * Modifications to the Collection invalidate every Cursor that was created
+ * before the modification.
+ * The typical traversal pattern is:
+ * <pre>{@code
+ *  Collection<T> c = ...;
+ *  for (var cursor = c.cursor(); cursor.exists(); cursor = cursor.advance()) {
+ *      var el = cursor.get();
+ *  }
+ * }
+ * </pre>
+ * <p>
+ * Cursors can be used to {@link #remove()} remove an element from the collection.
+ * Removing an element modifies the collection making that cursor invalid.
+ * The cursor returned from the {@link #remove()} method is a placeholder
+ * for the position, the element occupied, between the next and previous elements.
+ * It can be moved to the next or previous element to continue the iteration.
+ * <p>
+ * The typical traversal and remove pattern follows; when an element is
+ * removed, the cursor returned from the remove is used to continue the iteration:
+ * <pre>{@code
+ *  Collection<T> c = ...;
+ *  for (var cursor = c.cursor(); cursor.exists(); cursor = cursor.advance()) {
+ *      var el = cursor.get();
+ *      if (el.equals(...)) {
+ *          cursor = cursor.remove();
+ *      }
+ *  }
+ * }
+ * </pre>
+ * <p>
+ * @param <T> the type of the element.
+ */
+public interface InlineCursor<T> {
+    /**
+     * Return true if the Cursor refers to an element.
+     *
+     * If the collection has been modified since the Cursor was created
+     * the element can not be known to exist.
+     * This method does not throw {@link ConcurrentModificationException}
+     * if the collection has been modified but returns false.
+     *
+     * @return  true if this Cursor refers to an element in the collection and
+     *          the collection has not been modified since the cursor was created;
+     *          false otherwise
+     */
+    boolean exists();
+
+    /**
+     * Return a Cursor for the next element after the current element.
+     * If there is no element following this element the returned
+     * Cursor will be non-existent. To wit: {@code Cursor.exists() == false}.
+     *
+     * @return return a cursor for the next element after this element
+     * @throws ConcurrentModificationException if the collection
+     *         has been modified since this Cursor was created
+     */
+    InlineCursor<T> advance();
+
+    /**
+     * Return the current element referred to by the Cursor.
+     *
+     * The behavior must be consistent with {@link #exists()}
+     * as long as the collection has not been modified.
+     *
+     * @return  return the element in the collection if the collection
+     *          has not been modified since the cursor was created
+     * @throws NoSuchElementException if the referenced element does not exist
+     *         or no longer exists
+     * @throws ConcurrentModificationException if the collection
+     *         has been modified since this Cursor was created
+     */
+    T get();
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/PrimitiveInt.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/PrimitiveInt.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9e58d41c2a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/PrimitiveInt.java
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.sandbox.corelibs;
+
+public value class PrimitiveInt {
+    int value;
+
+    PrimitiveInt() {
+        this.value = 0;
+    }
+
+    PrimitiveInt(int value) {
+        this.value = value;
+    }
+
+    int value() {
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    public String toString() {
+        return Integer.toString(value);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/XArrayList.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/XArrayList.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3a1a6317417
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/XArrayList.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1906 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.sandbox.corelibs.corelibs;
+
+import java.util.AbstractList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.ConcurrentModificationException;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.ListIterator;
+import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.RandomAccess;
+import java.util.Spliterator;
+
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import java.util.function.Predicate;
+import java.util.function.UnaryOperator;
+//import jdk.internal.access.SharedSecrets;
+//import jdk.internal.util.ArraysSupport;
+
+/**
+ * Resizable-array implementation of the {@code List} interface.  Implements
+ * all optional list operations, and permits all elements, including
+ * {@code null}.  In addition to implementing the {@code List} interface,
+ * this class provides methods to manipulate the size of the array that is
+ * used internally to store the list.  (This class is roughly equivalent to
+ * {@code Vector}, except that it is unsynchronized.)
+ *
+ * <p>The {@code size}, {@code isEmpty}, {@code get}, {@code set},
+ * {@code iterator}, and {@code listIterator} operations run in constant
+ * time.  The {@code add} operation runs in <i>amortized constant time</i>,
+ * that is, adding n elements requires O(n) time.  All of the other operations
+ * run in linear time (roughly speaking).  The constant factor is low compared
+ * to that for the {@code LinkedList} implementation.
+ *
+ * <p>Each {@code XArrayList} instance has a <i>capacity</i>.  The capacity is
+ * the size of the array used to store the elements in the list.  It is always
+ * at least as large as the list size.  As elements are added to an XArrayList,
+ * its capacity grows automatically.  The details of the growth policy are not
+ * specified beyond the fact that adding an element has constant amortized
+ * time cost.
+ *
+ * <p>An application can increase the capacity of an {@code XArrayList} instance
+ * before adding a large number of elements using the {@code ensureCapacity}
+ * operation.  This may reduce the amount of incremental reallocation.
+ *
+ * <p><strong>Note that this implementation is not synchronized.</strong>
+ * If multiple threads access an {@code XArrayList} instance concurrently,
+ * and at least one of the threads modifies the list structurally, it
+ * <i>must</i> be synchronized externally.  (A structural modification is
+ * any operation that adds or deletes one or more elements, or explicitly
+ * resizes the backing array; merely setting the value of an element is not
+ * a structural modification.)  This is typically accomplished by
+ * synchronizing on some object that naturally encapsulates the list.
+ *
+ * If no such object exists, the list should be "wrapped" using the
+ * {@link Collections#synchronizedList Collections.synchronizedList}
+ * method.  This is best done at creation time, to prevent accidental
+ * unsynchronized access to the list:<pre>
+ *   List list = Collections.synchronizedList(new XArrayList(...));</pre>
+ *
+ * <p id="fail-fast">
+ * The iterators returned by this class's {@link #iterator() iterator} and
+ * {@link #listIterator(int) listIterator} methods are <em>fail-fast</em>:
+ * if the list is structurally modified at any time after the iterator is
+ * created, in any way except through the iterator's own
+ * {@link ListIterator#remove() remove} or
+ * {@link ListIterator#add(Object) add} methods, the iterator will throw a
+ * {@link ConcurrentModificationException}.  Thus, in the face of
+ * concurrent modification, the iterator fails quickly and cleanly, rather
+ * than risking arbitrary, non-deterministic behavior at an undetermined
+ * time in the future.
+ *
+ * <p>Note that the fail-fast behavior of an iterator cannot be guaranteed
+ * as it is, generally speaking, impossible to make any hard guarantees in the
+ * presence of unsynchronized concurrent modification.  Fail-fast iterators
+ * throw {@code ConcurrentModificationException} on a best-effort basis.
+ * Therefore, it would be wrong to write a program that depended on this
+ * exception for its correctness:  <i>the fail-fast behavior of iterators
+ * should be used only to detect bugs.</i>
+ *
+ * <p>This class is a member of the
+ * <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/util/package-summary.html#CollectionsFramework">
+ * Java Collections Framework</a>.
+ *
+ * @param <E> the type of elements in this list
+ *
+ * @author  Josh Bloch
+ * @author  Neal Gafter
+ * @see     Collection
+ * @see     List
+ * @see     LinkedList
+ * @see     Vector
+ * @since   1.2
+ */
+public class XArrayList<E> extends AbstractList<E>
+        implements List<E>, RandomAccess, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable
+{
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 8683452581122892189L;
+
+    /**
+     * Default initial capacity.
+     */
+    private static final int DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 10;
+
+    /**
+     * Shared empty array instance used for empty instances.
+     */
+    private static final Object[] EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA = {};
+
+    /**
+     * Shared empty array instance used for default sized empty instances. We
+     * distinguish this from EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA to know how much to inflate when
+     * first element is added.
+     */
+    private static final Object[] DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA = {};
+
+    /**
+     * The array buffer into which the elements of the ArrayList are stored.
+     * The capacity of the ArrayList is the length of this array buffer. Any
+     * empty ArrayList with elementData == DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA
+     * will be expanded to DEFAULT_CAPACITY when the first element is added.
+     */
+    transient Object[] elementData; // non-private to simplify nested class access
+
+    /**
+     * The size of the ArrayList (the number of elements it contains).
+     *
+     * @serial
+     */
+    int size;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an empty list with the specified initial capacity.
+     *
+     * @param  initialCapacity  the initial capacity of the list
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified initial capacity
+     *         is negative
+     */
+    public XArrayList(int initialCapacity) {
+        if (initialCapacity > 0) {
+            this.elementData = new Object[initialCapacity];
+        } else if (initialCapacity == 0) {
+            this.elementData = EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA;
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal Capacity: "+
+                                               initialCapacity);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an empty list with an initial capacity of ten.
+     */
+    public XArrayList() {
+        this.elementData = DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a list containing the elements of the specified
+     * collection, in the order they are returned by the collection's
+     * iterator.
+     *
+     * @param c the collection whose elements are to be placed into this list
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection is null
+     */
+    public XArrayList(Collection<? extends E> c) {
+        elementData = c.toArray();
+        if ((size = elementData.length) != 0) {
+            // defend against c.toArray (incorrectly) not returning Object[]
+            // (see e.g. https://bugs.openjdk.java.net/browse/JDK-6260652)
+            if (elementData.getClass() != Object[].class)
+                elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, size, Object[].class);
+        } else {
+            // replace with empty array.
+            this.elementData = EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Trims the capacity of this {@code XArrayList} instance to be the
+     * list's current size.  An application can use this operation to minimize
+     * the storage of an {@code XArrayList} instance.
+     */
+    public void trimToSize() {
+        modCount++;
+        if (size < elementData.length) {
+            elementData = (size == 0)
+              ? EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA
+              : Arrays.copyOf(elementData, size);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Increases the capacity of this {@code XArrayList} instance, if
+     * necessary, to ensure that it can hold at least the number of elements
+     * specified by the minimum capacity argument.
+     *
+     * @param minCapacity the desired minimum capacity
+     */
+    public void ensureCapacity(int minCapacity) {
+        if (minCapacity > elementData.length
+            && !(elementData == DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA
+                 && minCapacity <= DEFAULT_CAPACITY)) {
+            modCount++;
+            grow(minCapacity);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Increases the capacity to ensure that it can hold at least the
+     * number of elements specified by the minimum capacity argument.
+     *
+     * @param minCapacity the desired minimum capacity
+     * @throws OutOfMemoryError if minCapacity is less than zero
+     */
+    private Object[] grow(int minCapacity) {
+        int oldCapacity = elementData.length;
+        if (oldCapacity > 0 || elementData != DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA) {
+            int newCapacity = newLength(oldCapacity,
+                    minCapacity - oldCapacity, /* minimum growth */
+                    oldCapacity >> 1           /* preferred growth */);
+            return elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, newCapacity);
+        } else {
+            return elementData = new Object[Math.max(DEFAULT_CAPACITY, minCapacity)];
+        }
+    }
+
+    private Object[] grow() {
+        return grow(size + 1);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the number of elements in this list.
+     *
+     * @return the number of elements in this list
+     */
+    public int size() {
+        return size;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns {@code true} if this list contains no elements.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if this list contains no elements
+     */
+    public boolean isEmpty() {
+        return size == 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns {@code true} if this list contains the specified element.
+     * More formally, returns {@code true} if and only if this list contains
+     * at least one element {@code e} such that
+     * {@code Objects.equals(o, e)}.
+     *
+     * @param o element whose presence in this list is to be tested
+     * @return {@code true} if this list contains the specified element
+     */
+    public boolean contains(Object o) {
+        return indexOf(o) >= 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the index of the first occurrence of the specified element
+     * in this list, or -1 if this list does not contain the element.
+     * More formally, returns the lowest index {@code i} such that
+     * {@code Objects.equals(o, get(i))},
+     * or -1 if there is no such index.
+     */
+    public int indexOf(Object o) {
+        return indexOfRange(o, 0, size);
+    }
+
+    int indexOfRange(Object o, int start, int end) {
+        Object[] es = elementData;
+        if (o == null) {
+            for (int i = start; i < end; i++) {
+                if (es[i] == null) {
+                    return i;
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            for (int i = start; i < end; i++) {
+                if (o.equals(es[i])) {
+                    return i;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the index of the last occurrence of the specified element
+     * in this list, or -1 if this list does not contain the element.
+     * More formally, returns the highest index {@code i} such that
+     * {@code Objects.equals(o, get(i))},
+     * or -1 if there is no such index.
+     */
+    public int lastIndexOf(Object o) {
+        return lastIndexOfRange(o, 0, size);
+    }
+
+    int lastIndexOfRange(Object o, int start, int end) {
+        Object[] es = elementData;
+        if (o == null) {
+            for (int i = end - 1; i >= start; i--) {
+                if (es[i] == null) {
+                    return i;
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            for (int i = end - 1; i >= start; i--) {
+                if (o.equals(es[i])) {
+                    return i;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a shallow copy of this {@code XArrayList} instance.  (The
+     * elements themselves are not copied.)
+     *
+     * @return a clone of this {@code XArrayList} instance
+     */
+    public Object clone() {
+        try {
+            XArrayList<?> v = (XArrayList<?>) super.clone();
+            v.elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, size);
+            v.modCount = 0;
+            return v;
+        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
+            // this shouldn't happen, since we are Cloneable
+            throw new InternalError(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this list
+     * in proper sequence (from first to last element).
+     *
+     * <p>The returned array will be "safe" in that no references to it are
+     * maintained by this list.  (In other words, this method must allocate
+     * a new array).  The caller is thus free to modify the returned array.
+     *
+     * <p>This method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based
+     * APIs.
+     *
+     * @return an array containing all of the elements in this list in
+     *         proper sequence
+     */
+    public Object[] toArray() {
+        return Arrays.copyOf(elementData, size);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this list in proper
+     * sequence (from first to last element); the runtime type of the returned
+     * array is that of the specified array.  If the list fits in the
+     * specified array, it is returned therein.  Otherwise, a new array is
+     * allocated with the runtime type of the specified array and the size of
+     * this list.
+     *
+     * <p>If the list fits in the specified array with room to spare
+     * (i.e., the array has more elements than the list), the element in
+     * the array immediately following the end of the collection is set to
+     * {@code null}.  (This is useful in determining the length of the
+     * list <i>only</i> if the caller knows that the list does not contain
+     * any null elements.)
+     *
+     * @param a the array into which the elements of the list are to
+     *          be stored, if it is big enough; otherwise, a new array of the
+     *          same runtime type is allocated for this purpose.
+     * @return an array containing the elements of the list
+     * @throws ArrayStoreException if the runtime type of the specified array
+     *         is not a supertype of the runtime type of every element in
+     *         this list
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified array is null
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a) {
+        if (a.length < size)
+            // Make a new array of a's runtime type, but my contents:
+            return (T[]) Arrays.copyOf(elementData, size, a.getClass());
+        System.arraycopy(elementData, 0, a, 0, size);
+        if (a.length > size)
+            a[size] = null;
+        return a;
+    }
+
+    // Positional Access Operations
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    E elementData(int index) {
+        return (E) elementData[index];
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    static <E> E elementAt(Object[] es, int index) {
+        return (E) es[index];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the element at the specified position in this list.
+     *
+     * @param  index index of the element to return
+     * @return the element at the specified position in this list
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public E get(int index) {
+        Objects.checkIndex(index, size);
+        return elementData(index);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Replaces the element at the specified position in this list with
+     * the specified element.
+     *
+     * @param index index of the element to replace
+     * @param element element to be stored at the specified position
+     * @return the element previously at the specified position
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public E set(int index, E element) {
+        Objects.checkIndex(index, size);
+        E oldValue = elementData(index);
+        elementData[index] = element;
+        return oldValue;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This helper method split out from add(E) to keep method
+     * bytecode size under 35 (the -XX:MaxInlineSize default value),
+     * which helps when add(E) is called in a C1-compiled loop.
+     */
+    private void add(E e, Object[] elementData, int s) {
+        if (s == elementData.length)
+            elementData = grow();
+        elementData[s] = e;
+        size = s + 1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Appends the specified element to the end of this list.
+     *
+     * @param e element to be appended to this list
+     * @return {@code true} (as specified by {@link Collection#add})
+     */
+    public boolean add(E e) {
+        modCount++;
+        add(e, elementData, size);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Inserts the specified element at the specified position in this
+     * list. Shifts the element currently at that position (if any) and
+     * any subsequent elements to the right (adds one to their indices).
+     *
+     * @param index index at which the specified element is to be inserted
+     * @param element element to be inserted
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public void add(int index, E element) {
+        rangeCheckForAdd(index);
+        modCount++;
+        final int s;
+        Object[] elementData;
+        if ((s = size) == (elementData = this.elementData).length)
+            elementData = grow();
+        System.arraycopy(elementData, index,
+                         elementData, index + 1,
+                         s - index);
+        elementData[index] = element;
+        size = s + 1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes the element at the specified position in this list.
+     * Shifts any subsequent elements to the left (subtracts one from their
+     * indices).
+     *
+     * @param index the index of the element to be removed
+     * @return the element that was removed from the list
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public E remove(int index) {
+        Objects.checkIndex(index, size);
+        final Object[] es = elementData;
+
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") E oldValue = (E) es[index];
+        fastRemove(es, index);
+
+        return oldValue;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public boolean equals(Object o) {
+        if (o == this) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        if (!(o instanceof List)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        final int expectedModCount = modCount;
+        // XArrayList can be subclassed and given arbitrary behavior, but we can
+        // still deal with the common case where o is XArrayList precisely
+        boolean equal = (o.getClass() == XArrayList.class)
+            ? equalsArrayList((XArrayList<?>) o)
+            : equalsRange((List<?>) o, 0, size);
+
+        checkForComodification(expectedModCount);
+        return equal;
+    }
+
+    boolean equalsRange(List<?> other, int from, int to) {
+        final Object[] es = elementData;
+        if (to > es.length) {
+            throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+        }
+        var oit = other.iterator();
+        for (; from < to; from++) {
+            if (!oit.hasNext() || !Objects.equals(es[from], oit.next())) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return !oit.hasNext();
+    }
+
+    private boolean equalsArrayList(XArrayList<?> other) {
+        final int otherModCount = other.modCount;
+        final int s = size;
+        boolean equal;
+        if (equal = (s == other.size)) {
+            final Object[] otherEs = other.elementData;
+            final Object[] es = elementData;
+            if (s > es.length || s > otherEs.length) {
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+            }
+            for (int i = 0; i < s; i++) {
+                if (!Objects.equals(es[i], otherEs[i])) {
+                    equal = false;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        other.checkForComodification(otherModCount);
+        return equal;
+    }
+
+    private void checkForComodification(final int expectedModCount) {
+        if (modCount != expectedModCount) {
+            throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public int hashCode() {
+        int expectedModCount = modCount;
+        int hash = hashCodeRange(0, size);
+        checkForComodification(expectedModCount);
+        return hash;
+    }
+
+    int hashCodeRange(int from, int to) {
+        final Object[] es = elementData;
+        if (to > es.length) {
+            throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+        }
+        int hashCode = 1;
+        for (int i = from; i < to; i++) {
+            Object e = es[i];
+            hashCode = 31 * hashCode + (e == null ? 0 : e.hashCode());
+        }
+        return hashCode;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes the first occurrence of the specified element from this list,
+     * if it is present.  If the list does not contain the element, it is
+     * unchanged.  More formally, removes the element with the lowest index
+     * {@code i} such that
+     * {@code Objects.equals(o, get(i))}
+     * (if such an element exists).  Returns {@code true} if this list
+     * contained the specified element (or equivalently, if this list
+     * changed as a result of the call).
+     *
+     * @param o element to be removed from this list, if present
+     * @return {@code true} if this list contained the specified element
+     */
+    public boolean remove(Object o) {
+        final Object[] es = elementData;
+        final int size = this.size;
+        int i = 0;
+        found: {
+            if (o == null) {
+                for (; i < size; i++)
+                    if (es[i] == null)
+                        break found;
+            } else {
+                for (; i < size; i++)
+                    if (o.equals(es[i]))
+                        break found;
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+        fastRemove(es, i);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Private remove method that skips bounds checking and does not
+     * return the value removed.
+     */
+    private void fastRemove(Object[] es, int i) {
+        modCount++;
+        final int newSize;
+        if ((newSize = size - 1) > i)
+            System.arraycopy(es, i + 1, es, i, newSize - i);
+        es[size = newSize] = null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes all of the elements from this list.  The list will
+     * be empty after this call returns.
+     */
+    public void clear() {
+        modCount++;
+        final Object[] es = elementData;
+        for (int to = size, i = size = 0; i < to; i++)
+            es[i] = null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Appends all of the elements in the specified collection to the end of
+     * this list, in the order that they are returned by the
+     * specified collection's Iterator.  The behavior of this operation is
+     * undefined if the specified collection is modified while the operation
+     * is in progress.  (This implies that the behavior of this call is
+     * undefined if the specified collection is this list, and this
+     * list is nonempty.)
+     *
+     * @param c collection containing elements to be added to this list
+     * @return {@code true} if this list changed as a result of the call
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection is null
+     */
+    public boolean addAll(Collection<? extends E> c) {
+        Object[] a = c.toArray();
+        modCount++;
+        int numNew = a.length;
+        if (numNew == 0)
+            return false;
+        Object[] elementData;
+        final int s;
+        if (numNew > (elementData = this.elementData).length - (s = size))
+            elementData = grow(s + numNew);
+        System.arraycopy(a, 0, elementData, s, numNew);
+        size = s + numNew;
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Inserts all of the elements in the specified collection into this
+     * list, starting at the specified position.  Shifts the element
+     * currently at that position (if any) and any subsequent elements to
+     * the right (increases their indices).  The new elements will appear
+     * in the list in the order that they are returned by the
+     * specified collection's iterator.
+     *
+     * @param index index at which to insert the first element from the
+     *              specified collection
+     * @param c collection containing elements to be added to this list
+     * @return {@code true} if this list changed as a result of the call
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection is null
+     */
+    public boolean addAll(int index, Collection<? extends E> c) {
+        rangeCheckForAdd(index);
+
+        Object[] a = c.toArray();
+        modCount++;
+        int numNew = a.length;
+        if (numNew == 0)
+            return false;
+        Object[] elementData;
+        final int s;
+        if (numNew > (elementData = this.elementData).length - (s = size))
+            elementData = grow(s + numNew);
+
+        int numMoved = s - index;
+        if (numMoved > 0)
+            System.arraycopy(elementData, index,
+                             elementData, index + numNew,
+                             numMoved);
+        System.arraycopy(a, 0, elementData, index, numNew);
+        size = s + numNew;
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes from this list all of the elements whose index is between
+     * {@code fromIndex}, inclusive, and {@code toIndex}, exclusive.
+     * Shifts any succeeding elements to the left (reduces their index).
+     * This call shortens the list by {@code (toIndex - fromIndex)} elements.
+     * (If {@code toIndex==fromIndex}, this operation has no effect.)
+     *
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code fromIndex} or
+     *         {@code toIndex} is out of range
+     *         ({@code fromIndex < 0 ||
+     *          toIndex > size() ||
+     *          toIndex < fromIndex})
+     */
+    protected void removeRange(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
+        if (fromIndex > toIndex) {
+            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(
+                    outOfBoundsMsg(fromIndex, toIndex));
+        }
+        modCount++;
+        shiftTailOverGap(elementData, fromIndex, toIndex);
+    }
+
+    /** Erases the gap from lo to hi, by sliding down following elements. */
+    private void shiftTailOverGap(Object[] es, int lo, int hi) {
+        System.arraycopy(es, hi, es, lo, size - hi);
+        for (int to = size, i = (size -= hi - lo); i < to; i++)
+            es[i] = null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A version of rangeCheck used by add and addAll.
+     */
+    private void rangeCheckForAdd(int index) {
+        if (index > size || index < 0)
+            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(outOfBoundsMsg(index));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an IndexOutOfBoundsException detail message.
+     * Of the many possible refactorings of the error handling code,
+     * this "outlining" performs best with both server and client VMs.
+     */
+    private String outOfBoundsMsg(int index) {
+        return "Index: "+index+", Size: "+size;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A version used in checking (fromIndex > toIndex) condition
+     */
+    private static String outOfBoundsMsg(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
+        return "From Index: " + fromIndex + " > To Index: " + toIndex;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes from this list all of its elements that are contained in the
+     * specified collection.
+     *
+     * @param c collection containing elements to be removed from this list
+     * @return {@code true} if this list changed as a result of the call
+     * @throws ClassCastException if the class of an element of this list
+     *         is incompatible with the specified collection
+     * (<a href="Collection.html#optional-restrictions">optional</a>)
+     * @throws NullPointerException if this list contains a null element and the
+     *         specified collection does not permit null elements
+     * (<a href="Collection.html#optional-restrictions">optional</a>),
+     *         or if the specified collection is null
+     * @see Collection#contains(Object)
+     */
+    public boolean removeAll(Collection<?> c) {
+        return batchRemove(c, false, 0, size);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Retains only the elements in this list that are contained in the
+     * specified collection.  In other words, removes from this list all
+     * of its elements that are not contained in the specified collection.
+     *
+     * @param c collection containing elements to be retained in this list
+     * @return {@code true} if this list changed as a result of the call
+     * @throws ClassCastException if the class of an element of this list
+     *         is incompatible with the specified collection
+     * (<a href="Collection.html#optional-restrictions">optional</a>)
+     * @throws NullPointerException if this list contains a null element and the
+     *         specified collection does not permit null elements
+     * (<a href="Collection.html#optional-restrictions">optional</a>),
+     *         or if the specified collection is null
+     * @see Collection#contains(Object)
+     */
+    public boolean retainAll(Collection<?> c) {
+        return batchRemove(c, true, 0, size);
+    }
+
+    boolean batchRemove(Collection<?> c, boolean complement,
+                        final int from, final int end) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(c);
+        final Object[] es = elementData;
+        int r;
+        // Optimize for initial run of survivors
+        for (r = from;; r++) {
+            if (r == end)
+                return false;
+            if (c.contains(es[r]) != complement)
+                break;
+        }
+        int w = r++;
+        try {
+            for (Object e; r < end; r++)
+                if (c.contains(e = es[r]) == complement)
+                    es[w++] = e;
+        } catch (Throwable ex) {
+            // Preserve behavioral compatibility with AbstractCollection,
+            // even if c.contains() throws.
+            System.arraycopy(es, r, es, w, end - r);
+            w += end - r;
+            throw ex;
+        } finally {
+            modCount += end - w;
+            shiftTailOverGap(es, w, end);
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Saves the state of the {@code XArrayList} instance to a stream
+     * (that is, serializes it).
+     *
+     * @param s the stream
+     * @throws java.io.IOException if an I/O error occurs
+     * @serialData The length of the array backing the {@code XArrayList}
+     *             instance is emitted (int), followed by all of its elements
+     *             (each an {@code Object}) in the proper order.
+     */
+    private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)
+        throws java.io.IOException {
+        // Write out element count, and any hidden stuff
+        int expectedModCount = modCount;
+        s.defaultWriteObject();
+
+        // Write out size as capacity for behavioral compatibility with clone()
+        s.writeInt(size);
+
+        // Write out all elements in the proper order.
+        for (int i=0; i<size; i++) {
+            s.writeObject(elementData[i]);
+        }
+
+        if (modCount != expectedModCount) {
+            throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reconstitutes the {@code XArrayList} instance from a stream (that is,
+     * deserializes it).
+     * @param s the stream
+     * @throws ClassNotFoundException if the class of a serialized object
+     *         could not be found
+     * @throws java.io.IOException if an I/O error occurs
+     */
+    private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s)
+        throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
+
+        // Read in size, and any hidden stuff
+        s.defaultReadObject();
+
+        // Read in capacity
+        s.readInt(); // ignored
+
+        if (size > 0) {
+            // like clone(), allocate array based upon size not capacity
+            //SharedSecrets.getJavaObjectInputStreamAccess().checkArray(s, Object[].class, size);
+            Object[] elements = new Object[size];
+
+            // Read in all elements in the proper order.
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                elements[i] = s.readObject();
+            }
+
+            elementData = elements;
+        } else if (size == 0) {
+            elementData = EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA;
+        } else {
+            throw new java.io.InvalidObjectException("Invalid size: " + size);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a list iterator over the elements in this list (in proper
+     * sequence), starting at the specified position in the list.
+     * The specified index indicates the first element that would be
+     * returned by an initial call to {@link ListIterator#next next}.
+     * An initial call to {@link ListIterator#previous previous} would
+     * return the element with the specified index minus one.
+     *
+     * <p>The returned list iterator is <a href="#fail-fast"><i>fail-fast</i></a>.
+     *
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public ListIterator<E> listIterator(int index) {
+        rangeCheckForAdd(index);
+        return new ListItr(index);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a list iterator over the elements in this list (in proper
+     * sequence).
+     *
+     * <p>The returned list iterator is <a href="#fail-fast"><i>fail-fast</i></a>.
+     *
+     * @see #listIterator(int)
+     */
+    public ListIterator<E> listIterator() {
+        return new ListItr(0);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an iterator over the elements in this list in proper sequence.
+     *
+     * <p>The returned iterator is <a href="#fail-fast"><i>fail-fast</i></a>.
+     *
+     * @return an iterator over the elements in this list in proper sequence
+     */
+    public Iterator<E> iterator() {
+        return new Itr();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * An optimized version of AbstractList.Itr
+     */
+    private class Itr implements Iterator<E> {
+        int cursor;       // index of next element to return
+        int lastRet = -1; // index of last element returned; -1 if no such
+        int expectedModCount = modCount;
+
+        // prevent creating a synthetic constructor
+        Itr() {}
+
+        public boolean hasNext() {
+            return cursor != size;
+        }
+
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        public E next() {
+            checkForComodification();
+            int i = cursor;
+            if (i >= size)
+                throw new NoSuchElementException();
+            Object[] elementData = XArrayList.this.elementData;
+            if (i >= elementData.length)
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+            cursor = i + 1;
+            return (E) elementData[lastRet = i];
+        }
+
+        public void remove() {
+            if (lastRet < 0)
+                throw new IllegalStateException();
+            checkForComodification();
+
+            try {
+                XArrayList.this.remove(lastRet);
+                cursor = lastRet;
+                lastRet = -1;
+                expectedModCount = modCount;
+            } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void forEachRemaining(Consumer<? super E> action) {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(action);
+            final int size = XArrayList.this.size;
+            int i = cursor;
+            if (i < size) {
+                final Object[] es = elementData;
+                if (i >= es.length)
+                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+                for (; i < size && modCount == expectedModCount; i++)
+                    action.accept(elementAt(es, i));
+                // update once at end to reduce heap write traffic
+                cursor = i;
+                lastRet = i - 1;
+                checkForComodification();
+            }
+        }
+
+        final void checkForComodification() {
+            if (modCount != expectedModCount)
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * An optimized version of AbstractList.ListItr
+     */
+    private class ListItr extends Itr implements ListIterator<E> {
+        ListItr(int index) {
+            super();
+            cursor = index;
+        }
+
+        public boolean hasPrevious() {
+            return cursor != 0;
+        }
+
+        public int nextIndex() {
+            return cursor;
+        }
+
+        public int previousIndex() {
+            return cursor - 1;
+        }
+
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        public E previous() {
+            checkForComodification();
+            int i = cursor - 1;
+            if (i < 0)
+                throw new NoSuchElementException();
+            Object[] elementData = XArrayList.this.elementData;
+            if (i >= elementData.length)
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+            cursor = i;
+            return (E) elementData[lastRet = i];
+        }
+
+        public void set(E e) {
+            if (lastRet < 0)
+                throw new IllegalStateException();
+            checkForComodification();
+
+            try {
+                XArrayList.this.set(lastRet, e);
+            } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void add(E e) {
+            checkForComodification();
+
+            try {
+                int i = cursor;
+                XArrayList.this.add(i, e);
+                cursor = i + 1;
+                lastRet = -1;
+                expectedModCount = modCount;
+            } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return a new cursor for this XArrayList.
+     * @return a cursor
+     */
+    public InlineCursor<E> cursor() {
+        return new AListCursor<>(0);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create an inline cursor for this XArrayList.
+     */
+    private value class AListCursor<E> implements InlineCursor<E> {
+        // Inner class field 'this' is initialized
+        int index;
+        int expectedModCount;
+
+        /**
+         * Create a new Cursor for this XArrayList.
+         *
+         * @param cursor index
+         */
+        public AListCursor(int cursor) {
+            this.index = cursor;
+            this.expectedModCount = XArrayList.this.modCount;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean exists() {
+            return index < XArrayList.this.size;
+        }
+
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        public E get() {
+            if (exists()) {
+                checkForComodification();
+                try {
+                    return (E) XArrayList.this.elementData[index];
+                } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aioobe) {
+                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+                }
+            }
+            throw new NoSuchElementException();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public AListCursor<E> advance() {
+            // new Cursor will have a current expectedModCount
+            // TBD: Saturate index?  So calling adv, adv, adv, prev == last
+            return new AListCursor<>(Math.min(index + 1, size));
+        }
+
+        final void checkForComodification() {
+            if (XArrayList.this.modCount != expectedModCount)
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a iterator (Using an InlineCursor) over the elements in this list in proper sequence.
+     *
+     * <p>The returned iterator is <a href="#fail-fast"><i>fail-fast</i></a>.
+     *
+     * @return an iterator over the elements in this list in proper sequence
+     */
+    public Iterator<E> iteratorCurs() {
+        return new CurItr();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Iterate using a Cursor.
+     */
+    private class CurItr implements Iterator<E> {
+        AListCursor<E> cursor;
+        AListCursor<E> lastRet;
+
+        // prevent creating a synthetic constructor
+        CurItr() {
+            this.cursor = new AListCursor<E>(0);
+            this.lastRet = this.cursor;
+        }
+
+        public boolean hasNext() {
+            return cursor.advance().exists();
+        }
+
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        public E next() {
+            E val = cursor.get();
+            lastRet = cursor;
+            cursor = cursor.advance();
+            return val;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void forEachRemaining(Consumer<? super E> action) {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(action);
+
+            AListCursor<E> cur = cursor;
+            while (cur.exists()) {
+                E val = cur.get();
+                action.accept(val);
+                cur = cur.advance();
+            }
+            cursor = cur;
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "cur: " + cursor;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a view of the portion of this list between the specified
+     * {@code fromIndex}, inclusive, and {@code toIndex}, exclusive.  (If
+     * {@code fromIndex} and {@code toIndex} are equal, the returned list is
+     * empty.)  The returned list is backed by this list, so non-structural
+     * changes in the returned list are reflected in this list, and vice-versa.
+     * The returned list supports all of the optional list operations.
+     *
+     * <p>This method eliminates the need for explicit range operations (of
+     * the sort that commonly exist for arrays).  Any operation that expects
+     * a list can be used as a range operation by passing a subList view
+     * instead of a whole list.  For example, the following idiom
+     * removes a range of elements from a list:
+     * <pre>
+     *      list.subList(from, to).clear();
+     * </pre>
+     * Similar idioms may be constructed for {@link #indexOf(Object)} and
+     * {@link #lastIndexOf(Object)}, and all of the algorithms in the
+     * {@link Collections} class can be applied to a subList.
+     *
+     * <p>The semantics of the list returned by this method become undefined if
+     * the backing list (i.e., this list) is <i>structurally modified</i> in
+     * any way other than via the returned list.  (Structural modifications are
+     * those that change the size of this list, or otherwise perturb it in such
+     * a fashion that iterations in progress may yield incorrect results.)
+     *
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public List<E> subList(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
+        subListRangeCheck(fromIndex, toIndex, size);
+        return new SubList<>(this, fromIndex, toIndex);
+    }
+
+    private static class SubList<E> extends AbstractList<E> implements RandomAccess {
+        private final XArrayList<E> root;
+        private final SubList<E> parent;
+        private final int offset;
+        private int size;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructs a sublist of an arbitrary XArrayList.
+         */
+        public SubList(XArrayList<E> root, int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
+            this.root = root;
+            this.parent = null;
+            this.offset = fromIndex;
+            this.size = toIndex - fromIndex;
+            this.modCount = root.modCount;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Constructs a sublist of another SubList.
+         */
+        private SubList(SubList<E> parent, int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
+            this.root = parent.root;
+            this.parent = parent;
+            this.offset = parent.offset + fromIndex;
+            this.size = toIndex - fromIndex;
+            this.modCount = root.modCount;
+        }
+
+        public E set(int index, E element) {
+            Objects.checkIndex(index, size);
+            checkForComodification();
+            E oldValue = root.elementData(offset + index);
+            root.elementData[offset + index] = element;
+            return oldValue;
+        }
+
+        public E get(int index) {
+            Objects.checkIndex(index, size);
+            checkForComodification();
+            return root.elementData(offset + index);
+        }
+
+        public int size() {
+            checkForComodification();
+            return size;
+        }
+
+        public void add(int index, E element) {
+            rangeCheckForAdd(index);
+            checkForComodification();
+            root.add(offset + index, element);
+            updateSizeAndModCount(1);
+        }
+
+        public E remove(int index) {
+            Objects.checkIndex(index, size);
+            checkForComodification();
+            E result = root.remove(offset + index);
+            updateSizeAndModCount(-1);
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        protected void removeRange(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
+            checkForComodification();
+            root.removeRange(offset + fromIndex, offset + toIndex);
+            updateSizeAndModCount(fromIndex - toIndex);
+        }
+
+        public boolean addAll(Collection<? extends E> c) {
+            return addAll(this.size, c);
+        }
+
+        public boolean addAll(int index, Collection<? extends E> c) {
+            rangeCheckForAdd(index);
+            int cSize = c.size();
+            if (cSize==0)
+                return false;
+            checkForComodification();
+            root.addAll(offset + index, c);
+            updateSizeAndModCount(cSize);
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        public void replaceAll(UnaryOperator<E> operator) {
+            root.replaceAllRange(operator, offset, offset + size);
+        }
+
+        public boolean removeAll(Collection<?> c) {
+            return batchRemove(c, false);
+        }
+
+        public boolean retainAll(Collection<?> c) {
+            return batchRemove(c, true);
+        }
+
+        private boolean batchRemove(Collection<?> c, boolean complement) {
+            checkForComodification();
+            int oldSize = root.size;
+            boolean modified =
+                root.batchRemove(c, complement, offset, offset + size);
+            if (modified)
+                updateSizeAndModCount(root.size - oldSize);
+            return modified;
+        }
+
+        public boolean removeIf(Predicate<? super E> filter) {
+            checkForComodification();
+            int oldSize = root.size;
+            boolean modified = root.removeIf(filter, offset, offset + size);
+            if (modified)
+                updateSizeAndModCount(root.size - oldSize);
+            return modified;
+        }
+
+        public Object[] toArray() {
+            checkForComodification();
+            return Arrays.copyOfRange(root.elementData, offset, offset + size);
+        }
+
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a) {
+            checkForComodification();
+            if (a.length < size)
+                return (T[]) Arrays.copyOfRange(
+                        root.elementData, offset, offset + size, a.getClass());
+            System.arraycopy(root.elementData, offset, a, 0, size);
+            if (a.length > size)
+                a[size] = null;
+            return a;
+        }
+
+        public boolean equals(Object o) {
+            if (o == this) {
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            if (!(o instanceof List)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            boolean equal = root.equalsRange((List<?>)o, offset, offset + size);
+            checkForComodification();
+            return equal;
+        }
+
+        public int hashCode() {
+            int hash = root.hashCodeRange(offset, offset + size);
+            checkForComodification();
+            return hash;
+        }
+
+        public int indexOf(Object o) {
+            int index = root.indexOfRange(o, offset, offset + size);
+            checkForComodification();
+            return index >= 0 ? index - offset : -1;
+        }
+
+        public int lastIndexOf(Object o) {
+            int index = root.lastIndexOfRange(o, offset, offset + size);
+            checkForComodification();
+            return index >= 0 ? index - offset : -1;
+        }
+
+        public boolean contains(Object o) {
+            return indexOf(o) >= 0;
+        }
+
+        public Iterator<E> iterator() {
+            return listIterator();
+        }
+
+        public ListIterator<E> listIterator(int index) {
+            checkForComodification();
+            rangeCheckForAdd(index);
+
+            return new ListIterator<E>() {
+                int cursor = index;
+                int lastRet = -1;
+                int expectedModCount = root.modCount;
+
+                public boolean hasNext() {
+                    return cursor != SubList.this.size;
+                }
+
+                @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+                public E next() {
+                    checkForComodification();
+                    int i = cursor;
+                    if (i >= SubList.this.size)
+                        throw new NoSuchElementException();
+                    Object[] elementData = root.elementData;
+                    if (offset + i >= elementData.length)
+                        throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+                    cursor = i + 1;
+                    return (E) elementData[offset + (lastRet = i)];
+                }
+
+                public boolean hasPrevious() {
+                    return cursor != 0;
+                }
+
+                @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+                public E previous() {
+                    checkForComodification();
+                    int i = cursor - 1;
+                    if (i < 0)
+                        throw new NoSuchElementException();
+                    Object[] elementData = root.elementData;
+                    if (offset + i >= elementData.length)
+                        throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+                    cursor = i;
+                    return (E) elementData[offset + (lastRet = i)];
+                }
+
+                public void forEachRemaining(Consumer<? super E> action) {
+                    Objects.requireNonNull(action);
+                    final int size = SubList.this.size;
+                    int i = cursor;
+                    if (i < size) {
+                        final Object[] es = root.elementData;
+                        if (offset + i >= es.length)
+                            throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+                        for (; i < size && modCount == expectedModCount; i++)
+                            action.accept(elementAt(es, offset + i));
+                        // update once at end to reduce heap write traffic
+                        cursor = i;
+                        lastRet = i - 1;
+                        checkForComodification();
+                    }
+                }
+
+                public int nextIndex() {
+                    return cursor;
+                }
+
+                public int previousIndex() {
+                    return cursor - 1;
+                }
+
+                public void remove() {
+                    if (lastRet < 0)
+                        throw new IllegalStateException();
+                    checkForComodification();
+
+                    try {
+                        SubList.this.remove(lastRet);
+                        cursor = lastRet;
+                        lastRet = -1;
+                        expectedModCount = root.modCount;
+                    } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
+                        throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+                    }
+                }
+
+                public void set(E e) {
+                    if (lastRet < 0)
+                        throw new IllegalStateException();
+                    checkForComodification();
+
+                    try {
+                        root.set(offset + lastRet, e);
+                    } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
+                        throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+                    }
+                }
+
+                public void add(E e) {
+                    checkForComodification();
+
+                    try {
+                        int i = cursor;
+                        SubList.this.add(i, e);
+                        cursor = i + 1;
+                        lastRet = -1;
+                        expectedModCount = root.modCount;
+                    } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
+                        throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+                    }
+                }
+
+                final void checkForComodification() {
+                    if (root.modCount != expectedModCount)
+                        throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+                }
+            };
+        }
+
+        public List<E> subList(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
+            subListRangeCheck(fromIndex, toIndex, size);
+            return new SubList<>(this, fromIndex, toIndex);
+        }
+
+        private void rangeCheckForAdd(int index) {
+            if (index < 0 || index > this.size)
+                throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(outOfBoundsMsg(index));
+        }
+
+        private String outOfBoundsMsg(int index) {
+            return "Index: "+index+", Size: "+this.size;
+        }
+
+        private void checkForComodification() {
+            if (root.modCount != modCount)
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+        }
+
+        private void updateSizeAndModCount(int sizeChange) {
+            SubList<E> slist = this;
+            do {
+                slist.size += sizeChange;
+                slist.modCount = root.modCount;
+                slist = slist.parent;
+            } while (slist != null);
+        }
+
+        public Spliterator<E> spliterator() {
+            checkForComodification();
+
+            // ArrayListSpliterator not used here due to late-binding
+            return new Spliterator<E>() {
+                private int index = offset; // current index, modified on advance/split
+                private int fence = -1; // -1 until used; then one past last index
+                private int expectedModCount; // initialized when fence set
+
+                private int getFence() { // initialize fence to size on first use
+                    int hi; // (a specialized variant appears in method forEach)
+                    if ((hi = fence) < 0) {
+                        expectedModCount = modCount;
+                        hi = fence = offset + size;
+                    }
+                    return hi;
+                }
+
+                public XArrayList<E>.ArrayListSpliterator trySplit() {
+                    int hi = getFence(), lo = index, mid = (lo + hi) >>> 1;
+                    // ArrayListSpliterator can be used here as the source is already bound
+                    return (lo >= mid) ? null : // divide range in half unless too small
+                        root.new ArrayListSpliterator(lo, index = mid, expectedModCount);
+                }
+
+                public boolean tryAdvance(Consumer<? super E> action) {
+                    Objects.requireNonNull(action);
+                    int hi = getFence(), i = index;
+                    if (i < hi) {
+                        index = i + 1;
+                        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") E e = (E)root.elementData[i];
+                        action.accept(e);
+                        if (root.modCount != expectedModCount)
+                            throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+                        return true;
+                    }
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                public void forEachRemaining(Consumer<? super E> action) {
+                    Objects.requireNonNull(action);
+                    int i, hi, mc; // hoist accesses and checks from loop
+                    XArrayList<E> lst = root;
+                    Object[] a;
+                    if ((a = lst.elementData) != null) {
+                        if ((hi = fence) < 0) {
+                            mc = modCount;
+                            hi = offset + size;
+                        }
+                        else
+                            mc = expectedModCount;
+                        if ((i = index) >= 0 && (index = hi) <= a.length) {
+                            for (; i < hi; ++i) {
+                                @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") E e = (E) a[i];
+                                action.accept(e);
+                            }
+                            if (lst.modCount == mc)
+                                return;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+                }
+
+                public long estimateSize() {
+                    return getFence() - index;
+                }
+
+                public int characteristics() {
+                    return Spliterator.ORDERED | Spliterator.SIZED | Spliterator.SUBSIZED;
+                }
+            };
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void forEach(Consumer<? super E> action) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(action);
+        final int expectedModCount = modCount;
+        final Object[] es = elementData;
+        final int size = this.size;
+        for (int i = 0; modCount == expectedModCount && i < size; i++)
+            action.accept(elementAt(es, i));
+        if (modCount != expectedModCount)
+            throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a <em><a href="Spliterator.html#binding">late-binding</a></em>
+     * and <em>fail-fast</em> {@link Spliterator} over the elements in this
+     * list.
+     *
+     * <p>The {@code Spliterator} reports {@link Spliterator#SIZED},
+     * {@link Spliterator#SUBSIZED}, and {@link Spliterator#ORDERED}.
+     * Overriding implementations should document the reporting of additional
+     * characteristic values.
+     *
+     * @return a {@code Spliterator} over the elements in this list
+     * @since 1.8
+     */
+    @Override
+    public Spliterator<E> spliterator() {
+        return new ArrayListSpliterator(0, -1, 0);
+    }
+
+    /** Index-based split-by-two, lazily initialized Spliterator */
+    final class ArrayListSpliterator implements Spliterator<E> {
+
+        /*
+         * If XArrayLists were immutable, or structurally immutable (no
+         * adds, removes, etc), we could implement their spliterators
+         * with Arrays.spliterator. Instead we detect as much
+         * interference during traversal as practical without
+         * sacrificing much performance. We rely primarily on
+         * modCounts. These are not guaranteed to detect concurrency
+         * violations, and are sometimes overly conservative about
+         * within-thread interference, but detect enough problems to
+         * be worthwhile in practice. To carry this out, we (1) lazily
+         * initialize fence and expectedModCount until the latest
+         * point that we need to commit to the state we are checking
+         * against; thus improving precision.  (This doesn't apply to
+         * SubLists, that create spliterators with current non-lazy
+         * values).  (2) We perform only a single
+         * ConcurrentModificationException check at the end of forEach
+         * (the most performance-sensitive method). When using forEach
+         * (as opposed to iterators), we can normally only detect
+         * interference after actions, not before. Further
+         * CME-triggering checks apply to all other possible
+         * violations of assumptions for example null or too-small
+         * elementData array given its size(), that could only have
+         * occurred due to interference.  This allows the inner loop
+         * of forEach to run without any further checks, and
+         * simplifies lambda-resolution. While this does entail a
+         * number of checks, note that in the common case of
+         * list.stream().forEach(a), no checks or other computation
+         * occur anywhere other than inside forEach itself.  The other
+         * less-often-used methods cannot take advantage of most of
+         * these streamlinings.
+         */
+
+        private int index; // current index, modified on advance/split
+        private int fence; // -1 until used; then one past last index
+        private int expectedModCount; // initialized when fence set
+
+        /** Creates new spliterator covering the given range. */
+        ArrayListSpliterator(int origin, int fence, int expectedModCount) {
+            this.index = origin;
+            this.fence = fence;
+            this.expectedModCount = expectedModCount;
+        }
+
+        private int getFence() { // initialize fence to size on first use
+            int hi; // (a specialized variant appears in method forEach)
+            if ((hi = fence) < 0) {
+                expectedModCount = modCount;
+                hi = fence = size;
+            }
+            return hi;
+        }
+
+        public ArrayListSpliterator trySplit() {
+            int hi = getFence(), lo = index, mid = (lo + hi) >>> 1;
+            return (lo >= mid) ? null : // divide range in half unless too small
+                new ArrayListSpliterator(lo, index = mid, expectedModCount);
+        }
+
+        public boolean tryAdvance(Consumer<? super E> action) {
+            if (action == null)
+                throw new NullPointerException();
+            int hi = getFence(), i = index;
+            if (i < hi) {
+                index = i + 1;
+                @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") E e = (E)elementData[i];
+                action.accept(e);
+                if (modCount != expectedModCount)
+                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+                return true;
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        public void forEachRemaining(Consumer<? super E> action) {
+            int i, hi, mc; // hoist accesses and checks from loop
+            Object[] a;
+            if (action == null)
+                throw new NullPointerException();
+            if ((a = elementData) != null) {
+                if ((hi = fence) < 0) {
+                    mc = modCount;
+                    hi = size;
+                }
+                else
+                    mc = expectedModCount;
+                if ((i = index) >= 0 && (index = hi) <= a.length) {
+                    for (; i < hi; ++i) {
+                        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") E e = (E) a[i];
+                        action.accept(e);
+                    }
+                    if (modCount == mc)
+                        return;
+                }
+            }
+            throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+        }
+
+        public long estimateSize() {
+            return getFence() - index;
+        }
+
+        public int characteristics() {
+            return Spliterator.ORDERED | Spliterator.SIZED | Spliterator.SUBSIZED;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // A tiny bit set implementation
+
+    private static long[] nBits(int n) {
+        return new long[((n - 1) >> 6) + 1];
+    }
+    private static void setBit(long[] bits, int i) {
+        bits[i >> 6] |= 1L << i;
+    }
+    private static boolean isClear(long[] bits, int i) {
+        return (bits[i >> 6] & (1L << i)) == 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public boolean removeIf(Predicate<? super E> filter) {
+        return removeIf(filter, 0, size);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes all elements satisfying the given predicate, from index
+     * i (inclusive) to index end (exclusive).
+     */
+    boolean removeIf(Predicate<? super E> filter, int i, final int end) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(filter);
+        int expectedModCount = modCount;
+        final Object[] es = elementData;
+        // Optimize for initial run of survivors
+        for (; i < end && !filter.test(elementAt(es, i)); i++)
+            ;
+        // Tolerate predicates that reentrantly access the collection for
+        // read (but writers still get CME), so traverse once to find
+        // elements to delete, a second pass to physically expunge.
+        if (i < end) {
+            final int beg = i;
+            final long[] deathRow = nBits(end - beg);
+            deathRow[0] = 1L;   // set bit 0
+            for (i = beg + 1; i < end; i++)
+                if (filter.test(elementAt(es, i)))
+                    setBit(deathRow, i - beg);
+            if (modCount != expectedModCount)
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+            modCount++;
+            int w = beg;
+            for (i = beg; i < end; i++)
+                if (isClear(deathRow, i - beg))
+                    es[w++] = es[i];
+            shiftTailOverGap(es, w, end);
+            return true;
+        } else {
+            if (modCount != expectedModCount)
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void replaceAll(UnaryOperator<E> operator) {
+        replaceAllRange(operator, 0, size);
+        // TODO(8203662): remove increment of modCount from ...
+        modCount++;
+    }
+
+    private void replaceAllRange(UnaryOperator<E> operator, int i, int end) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(operator);
+        final int expectedModCount = modCount;
+        final Object[] es = elementData;
+        for (; modCount == expectedModCount && i < end; i++)
+            es[i] = operator.apply(elementAt(es, i));
+        if (modCount != expectedModCount)
+            throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public void sort(Comparator<? super E> c) {
+        final int expectedModCount = modCount;
+        Arrays.sort((E[]) elementData, 0, size, c);
+        if (modCount != expectedModCount)
+            throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+        modCount++;
+    }
+
+    void checkInvariants() {
+        // assert size >= 0;
+        // assert size == elementData.length || elementData[size] == null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Calculates a new array length given an array's current length, a preferred
+     * growth value, and a minimum growth value.  If the preferred growth value
+     * is less than the minimum growth value, the minimum growth value is used in
+     * its place.  If the sum of the current length and the preferred growth
+     * value does not exceed {@link #MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH}, that sum is returned.
+     * If the sum of the current length and the minimum growth value does not
+     * exceed {@code MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH}, then {@code MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH} is returned.
+     * If the sum does not overflow an int, then {@code Integer.MAX_VALUE} is
+     * returned.  Otherwise, {@code OutOfMemoryError} is thrown.
+     *
+     * @param oldLength   current length of the array (must be non negative)
+     * @param minGrowth   minimum required growth of the array length (must be
+     *                    positive)
+     * @param prefGrowth  preferred growth of the array length (ignored, if less
+     *                    then {@code minGrowth})
+     * @return the new length of the array
+     * @throws OutOfMemoryError if increasing {@code oldLength} by
+     *                    {@code minGrowth} overflows.
+     */
+    private static int newLength(int oldLength, int minGrowth, int prefGrowth) {
+        // assert oldLength >= 0
+        // assert minGrowth > 0
+
+        int newLength = Math.max(minGrowth, prefGrowth) + oldLength;
+        if (newLength - MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH <= 0) {
+            return newLength;
+        }
+        return hugeLength(oldLength, minGrowth);
+    }
+
+    private static int hugeLength(int oldLength, int minGrowth) {
+        int minLength = oldLength + minGrowth;
+        if (minLength < 0) { // overflow
+            throw new OutOfMemoryError("Required array length too large");
+        }
+        if (minLength <= MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH) {
+            return MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH;
+        }
+        return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    private static final int MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH = Integer.MAX_VALUE - 8;
+
+    private static void subListRangeCheck(int fromIndex, int toIndex, int size) {
+        if (fromIndex < 0)
+            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("fromIndex = " + fromIndex);
+        if (toIndex > size)
+            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("toIndex = " + toIndex);
+        if (fromIndex > toIndex)
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("fromIndex(" + fromIndex +
+                    ") > toIndex(" + toIndex + ")");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/XArrayListCursorTest.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/XArrayListCursorTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9b586c0e422
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/XArrayListCursorTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.sandbox.corelibs.corelibs;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.*;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+@Fork(1)
+@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 3)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class XArrayListCursorTest {
+    @Param({"100000"})
+    public static int size;
+
+    private static final String constantString = "abc";
+
+    private static XArrayList<String> list;
+
+    @Setup
+    public void setup() {
+        list = new XArrayList<>();
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            list.add(constantString);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void getViaCursorWhileLoop(Blackhole blackhole) {
+        InlineCursor<String> cur = list.cursor();
+        while (cur.exists()) {
+            blackhole.consume(cur.get());
+            cur = cur.advance();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void getViaCursorForLoop(Blackhole blackhole) {
+        for (InlineCursor<String> cur = list.cursor();
+             cur.exists();
+             cur = cur.advance()) {
+            blackhole.consume(cur.get());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void getViaIterator(Blackhole blackhole) {
+        Iterator<String> it = list.iterator();
+        while (it.hasNext()) {
+            blackhole.consume(it.next());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void getViaIteratorCurs(Blackhole blackhole) {
+        Iterator<String> it = list.iteratorCurs();
+        while (it.hasNext()) {
+            blackhole.consume(it.next());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void getViaArray(Blackhole blackhole) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
+            blackhole.consume(list.get(i));
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/GetX.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/GetX.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..527440db067
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/GetX.java
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.sandbox.corelibs.corelibs.mapprotos;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.TearDown;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.function.IntFunction;
+
+public class GetX extends MapBase {
+
+    IntFunction<Map<Integer, Integer>> mapSupplier;
+    Map<Integer, Integer> map;
+    Integer[] mixed;
+
+    @Setup
+    public void setup() {
+        super.init(size);
+        try {
+            Class<?> mapClass = Class.forName(mapType);
+            mapSupplier =  (s) -> newInstance(mapClass, s);
+        } catch (Exception ex) {
+            System.out.printf("%s: %s%n", mapType, ex.getMessage());
+            return;
+        }
+
+        map = mapSupplier.apply(size);
+        for (Integer k : keys) {
+            map.put(k, k);
+        }
+
+        mixed = new Integer[size];
+        System.arraycopy(keys, 0, mixed, 0, size / 2);
+        System.arraycopy(nonKeys, 0, mixed, size / 2, size / 2);
+        Collections.shuffle(Arrays.asList(mixed), rnd);
+    }
+
+    @TearDown
+    public void teardown() {
+        super.TearDown(map);
+    }
+
+    Map<Integer, Integer> newInstance(Class<?> mapClass, int size) {
+        try {
+            return (Map<Integer, Integer>)mapClass.getConstructor(int.class).newInstance(size);
+        } catch (Exception ex) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("failed", ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void getHit(Blackhole bh) {
+        Integer[] keys = this.keys;
+        Map<Integer, Integer> map = this.map;
+        for (Integer k : keys) {
+            bh.consume(map.get(k));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void getMix(Blackhole bh) {
+        Integer[] keys = this.mixed;
+        Map<Integer, Integer> map = this.map;
+        for (Integer k : keys) {
+            bh.consume(map.get(k));
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/HashMap.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/HashMap.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e7feade9c9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/HashMap.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1889 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.sandbox.corelibs.corelibs.mapprotos;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InvalidObjectException;
+import java.io.PrintStream;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.lang.Boolean;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.AbstractCollection;
+import java.util.AbstractMap;
+import java.util.AbstractSet;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.ConcurrentModificationException;
+import java.util.Hashtable;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.TreeMap;
+import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.Spliterator;
+import java.util.function.BiConsumer;
+import java.util.function.BiFunction;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import java.util.function.Function;
+
+/**
+ * HashMap using hashing and "open addressing".
+ * Hash entries are inline class instances.
+ * As described in <em>Introduction to Algorithms, 3rd Edition (The MIT Press)</em>,
+ * Section 11 Hash tables and Section 11.4 Open addressing.
+ *
+ * Open addressing is used to locate other entries for keys with the same hash.
+ * If multiple keys have the same hashcode, a rehashing mechanism
+ * is used to place the 2nd and subsequent
+ * key/value pairs at a non-optimal index in the table. Therefore,
+ * finding the entry for a desired key must rehash and examine subsequent
+ * entries until the value is value or it encounters an empty entry.
+ * When an entry is removed, the entry is marked as deleted, (not empty)
+ * to allow the search algorithm to keep looking; otherwise it would terminate
+ * the scan on the deleted entry, when it might be the case for some (other) key
+ * would have that same entry as part of its chain of possible locations for its hash.
+ * The default load factor (.75) should be re-evaluated in light of the open addressing
+ * computations.  A higher number would reduce unused (wasted) space at the cost of
+ * increased search times, a lower number would increase unused (wasted) space but
+ * improve search times (assuming even hashcode distributions).
+ * Badly distributed hash values will result in incremental table growth and
+ * linear search performance.
+ * <p>
+ * During insertion the Robin Hood hash algorithm does a small optimization
+ * to reduce worst case rehash lengths.
+ * Removal of entries, does a compaction of the following entries to fill
+ * in free entries and reduce entry rehashling lengths based on
+ * "On Deletions in Open Addressing Hashing", by Rosa M. Jimenez and Conrado Martinz.
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * The only allocation that occurs during put operations is for the resizing of the entry table.
+ *
+ * <P>
+ * Hash table based implementation of the {@code Map} interface.  This
+ * implementation provides all of the optional map operations, and permits
+ * {@code null} values and the {@code null} key.  (The {@code HashMap}
+ * class is roughly equivalent to {@code Hashtable}, except that it is
+ * unsynchronized and permits nulls.)  This class makes no guarantees as to
+ * the order of the map; in particular, it does not guarantee that the order
+ * will remain constant over time.
+ *
+ * <p>This implementation provides constant-time performance for the basic
+ * operations ({@code get} and {@code put}), assuming the hash function
+ * disperses the elements properly among the buckets.  Iteration over
+ * collection views requires time proportional to the "capacity" of the
+ * {@code HashMap} instance (the number of buckets) plus its size (the number
+ * of key-value mappings).  Thus, it's very important not to set the initial
+ * capacity too high (or the load factor too low) if iteration performance is
+ * important.
+ *
+ * <p>An instance of {@code HashMap} has two parameters that affect its
+ * performance: <i>initial capacity</i> and <i>load factor</i>.  The
+ * <i>capacity</i> is the number of buckets in the hash table, and the initial
+ * capacity is simply the capacity at the time the hash table is created.  The
+ * <i>load factor</i> is a measure of how full the hash table is allowed to
+ * get before its capacity is automatically increased.  When the number of
+ * entries in the hash table exceeds the product of the load factor and the
+ * current capacity, the hash table is <i>rehashed</i> (that is, internal data
+ * structures are rebuilt) so that the hash table has approximately twice the
+ * number of buckets.
+ *
+ * <p>As a general rule, the default load factor (.75) offers a good
+ * tradeoff between time and space costs.  Higher values decrease the
+ * space overhead but increase the lookup cost (reflected in most of
+ * the operations of the {@code HashMap} class, including
+ * {@code get} and {@code put}).  The expected number of entries in
+ * the map and its load factor should be taken into account when
+ * setting its initial capacity, so as to minimize the number of
+ * rehash operations.  If the initial capacity is greater than the
+ * maximum number of entries divided by the load factor, no rehash
+ * operations will ever occur.
+ *
+ * <p>If many mappings are to be stored in a {@code HashMap}
+ * instance, creating it with a sufficiently large capacity will allow
+ * the mappings to be stored more efficiently than letting it perform
+ * automatic rehashing as needed to grow the table.  Note that using
+ * many keys with the same {@code hashCode()} is a sure way to slow
+ * down performance of any hash table.
+ * TBD: To ameliorate impact, when keys
+ * are {@link Comparable}, this class may use comparison order among
+ * keys to help break ties.
+ *
+ * <p><strong>Note that this implementation is not synchronized.</strong>
+ * If multiple threads access a hash map concurrently, and at least one of
+ * the threads modifies the map structurally, it <i>must</i> be
+ * synchronized externally.  (A structural modification is any operation
+ * that adds or deletes one or more mappings; merely changing the value
+ * associated with a key that an instance already contains is not a
+ * structural modification.)  This is typically accomplished by
+ * synchronizing on some object that naturally encapsulates the map.
+ *
+ * If no such object exists, the map should be "wrapped" using the
+ * {@link Collections#synchronizedMap Collections.synchronizedMap}
+ * method.  This is best done at creation time, to prevent accidental
+ * unsynchronized access to the map:<pre>
+ *   Map m = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap(...));</pre>
+ *
+ * <p>The iterators returned by all of this class's "collection view methods"
+ * are <i>fail-fast</i>: if the map is structurally modified at any time after
+ * the iterator is created, in any way except through the iterator's own
+ * {@code remove} method, the iterator will throw a
+ * {@link ConcurrentModificationException}.  Thus, in the face of concurrent
+ * modification, the iterator fails quickly and cleanly, rather than risking
+ * arbitrary, non-deterministic behavior at an undetermined time in the
+ * future.
+ *
+ * <p>Note that the fail-fast behavior of an iterator cannot be guaranteed
+ * as it is, generally speaking, impossible to make any hard guarantees in the
+ * presence of unsynchronized concurrent modification.  Fail-fast iterators
+ * throw {@code ConcurrentModificationException} on a best-effort basis.
+ * Therefore, it would be wrong to write a program that depended on this
+ * exception for its correctness: <i>the fail-fast behavior of iterators
+ * should be used only to detect bugs.</i>
+ *
+ * <p>This class is a member of the
+ * <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/util/package-summary.html#CollectionsFramework">
+ * Java Collections Framework</a>.
+ *
+ * @param <K> the type of keys maintained by this map
+ * @param <V> the type of mapped values
+ *
+ * @author  Doug Lea
+ * @author  Josh Bloch
+ * @author  Arthur van Hoff
+ * @author  Neal Gafter
+ * @see     Object#hashCode()
+ * @see     Collection
+ * @see     Map
+ * @see     TreeMap
+ * @see     Hashtable
+ * @since   1.2
+ */
+public class HashMap<K,V> extends XAbstractMap<K,V>
+        implements Map<K,V>, Cloneable, Serializable {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 362498820763181265L;
+
+    private static final boolean DEBUG = Boolean.getBoolean("DEBUG");
+    private static final boolean VERIFYTABLEOK = Boolean.getBoolean("VERIFYTABLEOK");
+
+    /*
+     * Implementation notes.
+     *
+     * This map usually acts as a binned (bucketed) hash table.
+     * The concurrent-programming-like SSA-based coding style helps
+     * avoid aliasing errors amid all of the twisty pointer operations.
+     */
+
+    /**
+     * The default initial capacity - MUST be a power of two.
+     */
+    static final int DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY = 1 << 4; // aka 16
+
+    /**
+     * The maximum capacity, used if a higher value is implicitly specified
+     * by either of the constructors with arguments.
+     * MUST be a power of two <= 1<<30.
+     */
+    static final int MAXIMUM_CAPACITY = 1 << 30;
+
+    /**
+     * The load factor used when none specified in constructor.
+     */
+    static final float DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR = 0.75f;
+
+    private final int REHASH_HASH = 2003; // Odd and small (a medium-small prime)
+
+    /**
+     * Basic hash bin node, used for most entries.
+     */
+    static value class YNode<K,V> implements Map.Entry<K,V> {
+        final int hash;
+        final short probes; // maybe only a byte
+        final K key;
+        final V value;
+
+        YNode() {
+            this.hash = 0;
+            this.probes = 0;
+            this.key = null;
+            this.value = null;
+        }
+
+        YNode(int hash, K key, V value, int probes) {
+            this.hash = hash;
+            this.key = key;
+            this.value = value;
+            this.probes = (short)probes;
+        }
+
+        boolean isEmpty() {
+            return probes == 0;
+        }
+
+        boolean isValue() {
+            return probes > 0;
+        }
+
+        public final K getKey()        { return key; }
+        public final V getValue()      { return value; }
+        public final String toString() { return key + "=" + value + ", probes: " + probes
+                + ", hash: " + Integer.toString(hash, 16)
+                + ", hashCode: " + hashCode(); }
+        public final int hashCode() {
+            return Objects.hashCode(key) ^ Objects.hashCode(value);
+        }
+
+        public final V setValue(V newValue) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("YNode cannot set a value");
+        }
+
+        public final boolean equals(Object o) {
+            if (o == this)
+                return true;
+            if (o instanceof Map.Entry) {
+                Map.Entry<?,?> e = (Map.Entry<?,?>)o;
+                if (Objects.equals(key, e.getKey()) &&
+                        Objects.equals(value, e.getValue()))
+                    return true;
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    value class YNodeWrapper implements Map.Entry<K,V> {
+        final int index;
+        final YNode<K,V> entry;
+
+        YNodeWrapper(int index) {
+            this.index = index;
+            this.entry = table[index];
+        }
+
+        public K getKey() {
+            return entry.key;
+        }
+
+        public V getValue() {
+            return entry.value;
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return entry.toString();
+        }
+
+        public int hashCode() {
+            return entry.hashCode();
+        }
+
+        public boolean equals(Object o) {
+            return entry.equals(o);
+        }
+        /**
+         * Replaces the value corresponding to this entry with the specified
+         * value (optional operation).  (Writes through to the map.)  The
+         * behavior of this call is undefined if the mapping has already been
+         * removed from the map (by the iterator's {@code remove} operation).
+         *
+         * @param value new value to be stored in this entry
+         * @return old value corresponding to the entry
+         * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the {@code put} operation
+         *         is not supported by the backing map
+         * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified value
+         *         prevents it from being stored in the backing map
+         * @throws NullPointerException if the backing map does not permit
+         *         null values, and the specified value is null
+         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if some property of this value
+         *         prevents it from being stored in the backing map
+         * @throws IllegalStateException implementations may, but are not
+         *         required to, throw this exception if the entry has been
+         *         removed from the backing map.
+         */
+        public V setValue(V value) {
+            table[index] = new YNode<>(entry.hash, entry.key, value, entry.probes);
+            return entry.value;
+        }
+    }
+    /* ---------------- Static utilities -------------- */
+
+    /**
+     * Computes key.hashCode() and spreads (XORs) higher bits of hash
+     * to lower.  Because the table uses power-of-two masking, sets of
+     * hashes that vary only in bits above the current mask will
+     * always collide. (Among known examples are sets of Float keys
+     * holding consecutive whole numbers in small tables.)  So we
+     * apply a transform that spreads the impact of higher bits
+     * downward. There is a tradeoff between speed, utility, and
+     * quality of bit-spreading. Because many common sets of hashes
+     * are already reasonably distributed (so don't benefit from
+     * spreading), and because we use trees to handle large sets of
+     * collisions in bins, we just XOR some shifted bits in the
+     * cheapest possible way to reduce systematic lossage, as well as
+     * to incorporate impact of the highest bits that would otherwise
+     * never be used in index calculations because of table bounds.
+     */
+    static final int hash(Object key) {
+        int h;
+        return (key == null) ? 0 : (h = key.hashCode()) ^ (h >>> 16);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a power of two size for the given target capacity.
+     */
+    static final int tableSizeFor(int cap) {
+        int n = -1 >>> Integer.numberOfLeadingZeros(cap - 1);
+        return (n < 0) ? 1 : (n >= MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) ? MAXIMUM_CAPACITY : n + 1;
+    }
+
+    /* ---------------- Fields -------------- */
+
+    /**
+     * The table, initialized on first use, and resized as
+     * necessary. When allocated, length is always a power of two.
+     * (We also tolerate length zero in some operations to allow
+     * bootstrapping mechanics that are currently not needed.)
+     */
+    transient YNode<K,V>[] table;
+
+    /**
+     * Holds cached entrySet(). Note that AbstractMap fields are used
+     * for keySet() and values().
+     */
+    transient Set<Map.Entry<K,V>> entrySet;
+
+    /**
+     * The number of key-value mappings contained in this map.
+     */
+    transient int size;
+
+    /**
+     * The number of times this HashMap has been structurally modified
+     * Structural modifications are those that change the number of mappings in
+     * the HashMap or otherwise modify its internal structure (e.g.,
+     * rehash).  This field is used to make iterators on Collection-views of
+     * the HashMap fail-fast.  (See ConcurrentModificationException).
+     */
+    transient int modCount;
+
+    /**
+     * The next size value at which to resize (capacity * load factor).
+     *
+     * @serial
+     */
+    // (The javadoc description is true upon serialization.
+    // Additionally, if the table array has not been allocated, this
+    // field holds the initial array capacity, or zero signifying
+    // DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY.)
+    int threshold;
+
+    /**
+     * The load factor for the hash table.
+     *
+     * @serial
+     */
+    final float loadFactor;
+
+    private transient int[] getProbes = new int[16];
+    private transient int[] putProbes = new int[16];
+    private transient int[] notFoundProbes = new int[16];
+
+
+    /* ---------------- Public operations -------------- */
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an empty {@code HashMap} with the specified initial
+     * capacity and load factor.
+     *
+     * @param  initialCapacity the initial capacity
+     * @param  loadFactor      the load factor
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the initial capacity is negative
+     *         or the load factor is nonpositive
+     */
+    public HashMap(int initialCapacity, float loadFactor) {
+        if (initialCapacity < 0)
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal initial capacity: " +
+                    initialCapacity);
+        if (initialCapacity > MAXIMUM_CAPACITY)
+            initialCapacity = MAXIMUM_CAPACITY;
+        if (loadFactor <= 0 || Float.isNaN(loadFactor))
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal load factor: " +
+                    loadFactor);
+        this.loadFactor = loadFactor;
+        this.threshold = tableSizeFor(initialCapacity);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an empty {@code HashMap} with the specified initial
+     * capacity and the default load factor (0.75).
+     *
+     * @param  initialCapacity the initial capacity.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the initial capacity is negative.
+     */
+    public HashMap(int initialCapacity) {
+        this(initialCapacity, DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an empty {@code HashMap} with the default initial capacity
+     * (16) and the default load factor (0.75).
+     */
+    public HashMap() {
+        this.loadFactor = DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR; // all other fields defaulted
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new {@code HashMap} with the same mappings as the
+     * specified {@code Map}.  The {@code HashMap} is created with
+     * default load factor (0.75) and an initial capacity sufficient to
+     * hold the mappings in the specified {@code Map}.
+     *
+     * @param   m the map whose mappings are to be placed in this map
+     * @throws  NullPointerException if the specified map is null
+     */
+    public HashMap(Map<? extends K, ? extends V> m) {
+        this.loadFactor = DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR;
+        putMapEntries(m, false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Implements Map.putAll and Map constructor.
+     *
+     * @param m the map
+     * @param evict false when initially constructing this map, else true.
+     */
+    final void putMapEntries(Map<? extends K, ? extends V> m, boolean evict) {
+        int s = m.size();
+        if (s > 0) {
+            if (table == null) { // pre-size
+                float ft = ((float)s / loadFactor) + 1.0F;
+                int t = ((ft < (float)MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) ?
+                        (int)ft : MAXIMUM_CAPACITY);
+                if (t > threshold)
+                    threshold = tableSizeFor(t);
+            } else {
+                // Because of linked-list bucket constraints, we cannot
+                // expand all at once, but can reduce total resize
+                // effort by repeated doubling now vs later
+                while (s > threshold && table.length < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY)
+                    resize();
+            }
+
+            for (Map.Entry<? extends K, ? extends V> e : m.entrySet()) {
+                K key = e.getKey();
+                V value = e.getValue();
+                putVal(hash(key), key, value, false);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the number of key-value mappings in this map.
+     *
+     * @return the number of key-value mappings in this map
+     */
+    public int size() {
+        return size;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns {@code true} if this map contains no key-value mappings.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if this map contains no key-value mappings
+     */
+    public boolean isEmpty() {
+        return size == 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the value to which the specified key is mapped,
+     * or {@code null} if this map contains no mapping for the key.
+     *
+     * <p>More formally, if this map contains a mapping from a key
+     * {@code k} to a value {@code v} such that {@code (key==null ? k==null :
+     * key.equals(k))}, then this method returns {@code v}; otherwise
+     * it returns {@code null}.  (There can be at most one such mapping.)
+     *
+     * <p>A return value of {@code null} does not <i>necessarily</i>
+     * indicate that the map contains no mapping for the key; it's also
+     * possible that the map explicitly maps the key to {@code null}.
+     * The {@link #containsKey containsKey} operation may be used to
+     * distinguish these two cases.
+     *
+     * @see #put(Object, Object)
+     */
+    public V get(Object key) {
+        final YNode<K, V>[] tab;
+        final int mask;
+//        int probes = 0;
+        if ((tab = table) != null && (mask = tab.length - 1) >= 0) {
+            final int hash = hash(key);
+            int h = hash;
+            YNode<K, V> entry;
+            while ((entry = tab[(mask & h)]).isValue()) {
+//                probes++;
+                K k;
+                if (entry.hash == hash &&
+                        ((k = entry.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) {
+//                    getProbes = incProbeCount(getProbes, probes);
+                    return entry.value;
+                } else {
+                    h += REHASH_HASH;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+//        notFoundProbes = incProbeCount(notFoundProbes, 0);
+        return null;      // not found; empty table
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Same as Get caching the entry.
+     * @param key the key
+     * @return a value, or null
+     */
+    public V get1(Object key) {
+        final int hash = hash(key);
+        final YNode<K, V>[] tab;
+        int n;
+        if ((tab = table) != null && (n = tab.length) > 0) {
+            int h = hash;
+            int index = (n - 1) & h;
+            YNode<K, V> entry = tab[index];
+            for (; //int probes = 1
+                 entry.isValue();
+                 h += REHASH_HASH, index = (n - 1) & h, entry = tab[index]) {  //, probes++
+                K k;
+                if (entry.hash == hash &&
+                        ((k = entry.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) {
+//                    getProbes = incProbeCount(getProbes, probes);
+                    return entry.value;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+//        notFoundProbes = incProbeCount(notFoundProbes, 0);
+        return null;      // not found; empty table
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Implements Map.get and related methods.
+     *
+     * @param hash hash for key
+     * @param key the key
+     * @return the index of a matching node or -1
+     */
+    private final int getNode(final int hash, Object key) {
+        YNode<K, V>[] tab;
+        int n;
+        if ((tab = table) != null && (n = tab.length) > 0) {
+            final YNode<K, V> first;
+            final int i = (n - 1) & hash;
+            K k;
+            if ((first = tab[i]).isValue() &&
+                    first.hash == hash &&
+                    ((k = first.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) {
+//                getProbes = incProbeCount(getProbes, 1);
+                return i;
+            }
+            // non-empty table and not first entry
+            int h = hash;
+            for (int probes = 1; probes <= tab.length; probes++, h += REHASH_HASH) {
+                final int index = (n - 1) & h;
+                final YNode<K, V> entry = tab[index];
+                if (!entry.isValue()) {
+//                    notFoundProbes = incProbeCount(notFoundProbes, probes);
+                    return -1;  // search ended without finding the key
+                } else if (entry.hash == hash &&
+                        ((k = entry.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) {
+//                    getProbes = incProbeCount(getProbes, probes);
+                    return index;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+//        notFoundProbes = incProbeCount(notFoundProbes, 0);
+        return -1;      // not found; empty table
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns {@code true} if this map contains a mapping for the
+     * specified key.
+     *
+     * @param   key   The key whose presence in this map is to be tested
+     * @return {@code true} if this map contains a mapping for the specified
+     * key.
+     */
+    public boolean containsKey(Object key) {
+        return getNode(hash(key), key) >= 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Associates the specified value with the specified key in this map.
+     * If the map previously contained a mapping for the key, the old
+     * value is replaced.
+     *
+     * @param key key with which the specified value is to be associated
+     * @param value value to be associated with the specified key
+     * @return the previous value associated with {@code key}, or
+     *         {@code null} if there was no mapping for {@code key}.
+     *         (A {@code null} return can also indicate that the map
+     *         previously associated {@code null} with {@code key}.)
+     */
+    public V put(K key, V value) {
+        return putVal(hash(key), key, value, false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Implements Map.put and related methods.
+     *
+     * @param hash hash for key
+     * @param key the key
+     * @param value the value to put
+     * @param onlyIfAbsent if true, don't change existing value
+     * @return previous value, or null if none
+     */
+    private final V putVal(final int hash, final K key, final V value, boolean onlyIfAbsent) {
+        YNode<K, V>[] tab;
+        YNode<K, V> tp;
+        int n, i;
+        if ((tab = table) == null || (n = tab.length) == 0)
+            n = (tab = resize()).length;
+        debug("  putval", -1, new YNode<K,V>(hash, key, value, -1));
+
+        int h = hash;
+        int insert = -1;    // insertion point if not already present
+        int insertProbes = -1;
+        for (int probes = 1; ; probes++, h += REHASH_HASH) {
+            if (probes > tab.length)
+                throw new IllegalStateException("No empty entries in table");
+            final int index;
+            final YNode<K, V> entry = tab[(index = ((n - 1) & h))];
+//            debug("    looking at", index, entry);
+            if (entry.isEmpty()) {
+                // Absent; insert in the first place it could be added
+                // TBD: should it check onlyIfAbsent?
+                if (insert < 0) {
+                    // no better place to insert than here
+                    tab[index] = new YNode<>(hash, key, value, probes);
+                    debug("    setting", index, tab[index]);
+//                    putProbes = incProbeCount(putProbes, probes);
+                } else {
+                    // The new entry is more needy than the current one
+                    final YNode<K,V> tmp = tab[insert];
+                    tab[insert] = new YNode<>(hash, key, value, insertProbes);
+                    debug("    robin-hood inserted", index, tab[index]);
+//                    putProbes = incProbeCount(putProbes, insertProbes);
+                    putReinsert(insert, tmp);
+                }
+                break;  // break to update modCount and size
+            }
+
+            if (entry.isValue() && entry.hash == hash &&
+                    (entry.key == key || (key != null && key.equals(entry.key)))) {
+                // TBD: consider if updated entry should be moved closer to the front
+                if (!onlyIfAbsent || entry.value == null) {
+                    tab[index] = new YNode<>(hash, key, value, entry.probes);
+                }
+                debug("    oldvalue", index, entry);
+                debug("    updating", index, tab[index]);
+//                putProbes = incProbeCount(putProbes, probes);
+                return entry.value;
+            }
+
+            // Save first possible insert index
+            if (insert < 0 && probes > entry.probes) {
+                insert = index;
+                insertProbes = probes;
+            }
+        }
+        ++modCount;
+        ++size;
+        isTableOk(tab, "table not ok, putval");
+        if (size >= threshold)
+            resize();       // Ensure there is at least 1 empty available
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Re-insert the entry in the table starting at the entry beyond the index.
+     * Insert it at an empty slot.
+     * Replace an entry with a lower probe count and repeat to reinsert that entry.
+     * @param oldIndex the index just replaced
+     * @param rEntry the entry to be replaced
+     */
+    private void putReinsert(final int oldIndex, YNode<K,V> rEntry) {
+        final YNode<K, V>[] tab = table;
+        final int n = tab.length;
+
+        int h = oldIndex + REHASH_HASH;
+        for (int probes = rEntry.probes + 1; probes <= n; probes++, h += REHASH_HASH) {
+            isTableOk(tab, "bubble down loop");
+            final int index = (n - 1) & h;
+            final YNode<K,V> entry = tab[index];
+            if (entry.isEmpty()) {
+                // Insert in the empty slot
+                tab[index] = new YNode<>(rEntry.hash, rEntry.key, rEntry.value, probes);
+                debug("    reinserted", index, tab[index]);
+                return;
+            } else if (probes > entry.probes) {
+                // Replace a less deserving entry
+                tab[index] = new YNode<>(rEntry.hash, rEntry.key, rEntry.value, probes);
+                debug("    robin-hood bubble down", index, tab[index]);
+                rEntry = entry;
+                probes = rEntry.probes;
+                debug("    robin-hood moving", index, rEntry);
+            } else {
+                debug("    robin-hood skipping", index, entry);
+            }
+        }
+        throw new RuntimeException("bubble down failed");
+    }
+
+    private void debug(String msg, int index, YNode<K,V> entry) {
+        if (DEBUG && System.out != null) {
+            System.out.println(System.identityHashCode(this) + ": " + msg + ": index: " + index + ", node: " + Objects.toString(entry));
+        }
+    }
+   private void debug2(String msg, int index, YNode<K,V> entry) {
+        if (System.out != null) {
+            System.out.println(System.identityHashCode(this) + ": " + msg + ": index: " + index +
+                    ", " + "node: " + entry);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Initializes or doubles table size.  If null, allocates in
+     * accord with initial capacity target held in field threshold.
+     * Otherwise, because we are using power-of-two expansion, the
+     * elements from each bin must either stay at same index, or move
+     * with a power of two offset in the new table.
+     *
+     * @return the table
+     */
+    final YNode<K,V>[] resize() {
+        YNode<K,V>[] oldTab = table;
+        int oldCap = (oldTab == null) ? 0 : oldTab.length;
+        int oldThr = threshold;
+        int newCap, newThr = 0;
+        if (oldCap > 0) {
+            if (oldCap >= MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) {
+                threshold = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+                return oldTab;
+            }
+            else if ((newCap = oldCap << 1) < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY &&
+                     oldCap >= DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY)
+                newThr = oldThr << 1; // double threshold
+        }
+        else if (oldThr > 0) // initial capacity was placed in threshold
+            newCap = oldThr;
+        else {               // zero initial threshold signifies using defaults
+            newCap = DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY;
+            newThr = (int)(DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR * DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY);
+        }
+        if (newThr == 0) {
+            float ft = (float)newCap * loadFactor;
+            newThr = (newCap < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY && ft < (float)MAXIMUM_CAPACITY ?
+                    (int)ft : Integer.MAX_VALUE);
+        }
+        isTableOk(oldTab, "oldTab bad before resize");
+        if (getProbes != null)
+            Arrays.fill(getProbes, 0);
+        if (putProbes != null)
+            Arrays.fill(putProbes, 0);
+        if (notFoundProbes != null)
+            Arrays.fill(notFoundProbes, 0);
+
+        // There must always be an empty entry, resize when it gets to capacity.
+        threshold = (newThr > newCap) ? newCap : newThr;
+        @SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes","unchecked"})
+        YNode<K,V>[] newTab = (YNode<K,V>[])new YNode[newCap];
+        table = newTab;
+        if (oldTab != null) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < oldCap; ++i) {
+                YNode<K,V> e;
+                if ((e = oldTab[i]).isValue()) {
+                    final int ii;
+                    if (newTab[ii = (newCap - 1) & e.hash].isEmpty()) {
+                        newTab[ii] = new YNode<>(e.hash, e.key, e.value, 1);
+                        putProbes = incProbeCount(putProbes, 1);
+                    } else {
+                        int h = e.hash + REHASH_HASH;
+                        for (int probes = 2; ; probes++, h += REHASH_HASH) {
+                            final int index;
+                            if (newTab[(index = ((newCap - 1) & h))].isEmpty()) {
+                                newTab[index] = new YNode<>(e.hash, e.key, e.value, probes);
+                                putProbes = incProbeCount(putProbes, probes);
+                                break;
+                            }
+                            // TBD: Consider Robin-hood insert
+                            if (probes > newTab.length)
+                                throw new IllegalStateException("NYI resize: no support for overflow");
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        debug("resized", newTab.length, new YNode<K,V>());
+        isTableOk(newTab, "newTab bad after resize");
+        return newTab;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Dump the hashtable.
+     */
+    public void dumpTable() {
+        dumpTable(table, "dumpTable");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Dump the hashtable
+     * @param table the table
+     * @param msg a message
+     */
+    private void dumpTable(YNode<K, V>[] table, String msg) {
+        if (System.out == null || table == null)
+            return;
+        System.out.println(msg + ", size: " + size + ", len: " + table.length);
+        for (int i = 0; i < table.length; ++i) {
+            if (table[i].isValue())
+                System.out.println("   [" + i + "] " + table[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Copies all of the mappings from the specified map to this map.
+     * These mappings will replace any mappings that this map had for
+     * any of the keys currently in the specified map.
+     *
+     * @param m mappings to be stored in this map
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified map is null
+     */
+    public void putAll(Map<? extends K, ? extends V> m) {
+        putMapEntries(m, true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes the mapping for the specified key from this map if present.
+     *
+     * @param  key key whose mapping is to be removed from the map
+     * @return the previous value associated with {@code key}, or
+     *         {@code null} if there was no mapping for {@code key}.
+     *         (A {@code null} return can also indicate that the map
+     *         previously associated {@code null} with {@code key}.)
+     */
+    public V remove(Object key) {
+        YNode<K,V> entry = removeNode(hash(key), key, null, false, true);
+        return entry.isValue() ? entry.value : null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Implements Map.remove and related methods.
+     *
+     * @param hash hash for key
+     * @param key the key
+     * @param value the value to match if matchValue, else ignored
+     * @param matchValue if true only remove if value is equal
+     * @param movable if false do not move other nodes while removing
+     * @return the node, or null if none
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    private final YNode<K,V> removeNode(final int hash, final Object key, final Object value,
+                                         boolean matchValue, boolean movable) {
+        YNode<K, V>[] tab;
+        YNode<K, V> entry;
+        V v = null;
+        int curr;
+        int n;
+        debug("  removeNode", -2, new YNode<K,V>(hash, (K)key, (V)value, -2));
+
+        if ((tab = table) != null && (n = tab.length) > 0 &&
+                (curr = getNode(hash, key)) >= 0 &&
+                (entry = tab[curr]).isValue() &&
+                ((!matchValue || (v = entry.value) == value ||
+                        (value != null && value.equals(v))))) {
+            // found entry; free and compress
+            removeNode(curr);
+            return entry;
+        }
+        return new YNode();
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    private void removeNode(final int curr) {
+        final YNode<K, V>[] tab = table;;
+        final int n = tab.length;
+
+        ++modCount;
+        --size;
+        int free = curr;        // The entry to be cleared, if not replaced
+        int h = curr;
+        int probes = 0;
+        do {
+            probes++;
+            h += REHASH_HASH;
+            final int index = (n - 1) & h;
+            final YNode<K, V> entry = tab[index];
+            if (entry.probes == 0) {
+                // Search ended at empty entry, clear the free entry
+                debug("    clearing", index, entry);
+                tab[free] = new YNode<>();
+                return;
+            }
+            if (entry.probes > probes) {
+                // move up the entry, skip if it is already in the best spot
+                debug("    replacing", free, entry);
+                tab[free] = new YNode<>(entry.hash, entry.key, entry.value, entry.probes - probes);
+                debug("         with", free, tab[free]);
+                free = index;
+                probes = 0;
+            }
+        } while (((n - 1) & h) != curr);
+        isTableOk(tab, "table not ok, not found");
+        throw new RuntimeException("removeNode too many probes");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes all of the mappings from this map.
+     * The map will be empty after this call returns.
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes","unchecked"})
+    public void clear() {
+        YNode<K,V>[] tab;
+        modCount++;
+        if ((tab = table) != null && size > 0) {
+            size = 0;
+            for (int i = 0; i < tab.length; i++)
+                tab[i] = new YNode();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns {@code true} if this map maps one or more keys to the
+     * specified value.
+     *
+     * @param value value whose presence in this map is to be tested
+     * @return {@code true} if this map maps one or more keys to the
+     *         specified value
+     */
+    public boolean containsValue(Object value) {
+        YNode<K,V>[] tab; V v;
+        if ((tab = table) != null && size > 0) {
+            for (YNode<K,V> te : tab) {
+                if (te.isValue()) {
+                    if ((v = te.value) == value ||
+                            (value != null && value.equals(v)))
+                        return true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a {@link Set} view of the keys contained in this map.
+     * The set is backed by the map, so changes to the map are
+     * reflected in the set, and vice-versa.  If the map is modified
+     * while an iteration over the set is in progress (except through
+     * the iterator's own {@code remove} operation), the results of
+     * the iteration are undefined.  The set supports element removal,
+     * which removes the corresponding mapping from the map, via the
+     * {@code Iterator.remove}, {@code Set.remove},
+     * {@code removeAll}, {@code retainAll}, and {@code clear}
+     * operations.  It does not support the {@code add} or {@code addAll}
+     * operations.
+     *
+     * @return a set view of the keys contained in this map
+     */
+    public Set<K> keySet() {
+        Set<K> ks = keySet;
+        if (ks == null) {
+            ks = new KeySet();
+            keySet = ks;
+        }
+        return ks;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Prepares the array for {@link Collection#toArray(Object[])} implementation.
+     * If supplied array is smaller than this map size, a new array is allocated.
+     * If supplied array is bigger than this map size, a null is written at size index.
+     *
+     * @param a an original array passed to {@code toArray()} method
+     * @param <T> type of array elements
+     * @return an array ready to be filled and returned from {@code toArray()} method.
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    final <T> T[] prepareArray(T[] a) {
+        int size = this.size;
+        if (a.length < size) {
+            return (T[]) java.lang.reflect.Array
+                    .newInstance(a.getClass().getComponentType(), size);
+        }
+        if (a.length > size) {
+            a[size] = null;
+        }
+        return a;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Fills an array with this map keys and returns it. This method assumes
+     * that input array is big enough to fit all the keys. Use
+     * {@link #prepareArray(Object[])} to ensure this.
+     *
+     * @param a an array to fill
+     * @param <T> type of array elements
+     * @return supplied array
+     */
+    <T> T[] keysToArray(T[] a) {
+        Object[] r = a;
+        YNode<K,V>[] tab;
+        int idx = 0;
+        if (size > 0 && (tab = table) != null) {
+            for (YNode<K,V> te : tab) {
+                if (te.isValue()) {
+                    r[idx++] = te.key;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return a;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Fills an array with this map values and returns it. This method assumes
+     * that input array is big enough to fit all the values. Use
+     * {@link #prepareArray(Object[])} to ensure this.
+     *
+     * @param a an array to fill
+     * @param <T> type of array elements
+     * @return supplied array
+     */
+    <T> T[] valuesToArray(T[] a) {
+        Object[] r = a;
+        YNode<K,V>[] tab;
+        int idx = 0;
+        if (size > 0 && (tab = table) != null) {
+            for (YNode<K,V> te : tab) {
+                if (te.isValue()) {
+                    r[idx++] = te.value;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return a;
+    }
+
+    final class KeySet extends AbstractSet<K> {
+        public final int size()                 { return size; }
+        public final void clear()               { HashMap.this.clear(); }
+        public final Iterator<K> iterator()     { return new KeyIterator(); }
+        public final boolean contains(Object o) { return containsKey(o); }
+        public final boolean remove(Object key) {
+            return removeNode(hash(key), key, null, false, true).isValue();
+        }
+
+        public Object[] toArray() {
+            return keysToArray(new Object[size]);
+        }
+
+        public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a) {
+            return keysToArray(prepareArray(a));
+        }
+
+        public final void forEach(Consumer<? super K> action) {
+            YNode<K,V>[] tab;
+            if (action == null)
+                throw new NullPointerException();
+            if (size > 0 && (tab = table) != null) {
+                int mc = modCount;
+                for (YNode<K,V> te : tab) {
+                    if (te.isValue()) {
+                        action.accept(te.key);
+                    }
+                }
+                if (modCount != mc)
+                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a {@link Collection} view of the values contained in this map.
+     * The collection is backed by the map, so changes to the map are
+     * reflected in the collection, and vice-versa.  If the map is
+     * modified while an iteration over the collection is in progress
+     * (except through the iterator's own {@code remove} operation),
+     * the results of the iteration are undefined.  The collection
+     * supports element removal, which removes the corresponding
+     * mapping from the map, via the {@code Iterator.remove},
+     * {@code Collection.remove}, {@code removeAll},
+     * {@code retainAll} and {@code clear} operations.  It does not
+     * support the {@code add} or {@code addAll} operations.
+     *
+     * @return a view of the values contained in this map
+     */
+    public Collection<V> values() {
+        Collection<V> vs = values;
+        if (vs == null) {
+            vs = new Values();
+            values = vs;
+        }
+        return vs;
+    }
+
+    final class Values extends AbstractCollection<V> {
+        public final int size()                 { return size; }
+        public final void clear()               { HashMap.this.clear(); }
+        public final Iterator<V> iterator()     { return new ValueIterator(); }
+        public final boolean contains(Object o) { return containsValue(o); }
+
+        public Object[] toArray() {
+            return valuesToArray(new Object[size]);
+        }
+
+        public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a) {
+            return valuesToArray(prepareArray(a));
+        }
+
+        public final void forEach(Consumer<? super V> action) {
+            YNode<K,V>[] tab;
+            if (action == null)
+                throw new NullPointerException();
+            if (size > 0 && (tab = table) != null) {
+                int mc = modCount;
+                for (YNode<K,V> te : tab) {
+                    if (te.isValue()) {
+                        action.accept(te.value);
+                    }
+                }
+                if (modCount != mc)
+                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a {@link Set} view of the mappings contained in this map.
+     * The set is backed by the map, so changes to the map are
+     * reflected in the set, and vice-versa.  If the map is modified
+     * while an iteration over the set is in progress (except through
+     * the iterator's own {@code remove} operation, or through the
+     * {@code setValue} operation on a map entry returned by the
+     * iterator) the results of the iteration are undefined.  The set
+     * supports element removal, which removes the corresponding
+     * mapping from the map, via the {@code Iterator.remove},
+     * {@code Set.remove}, {@code removeAll}, {@code retainAll} and
+     * {@code clear} operations.  It does not support the
+     * {@code add} or {@code addAll} operations.
+     *
+     * @return a set view of the mappings contained in this map
+     */
+    public Set<Map.Entry<K,V>> entrySet() {
+        Set<Map.Entry<K,V>> es;
+        return (es = entrySet) == null ? (entrySet = new EntrySet()) : es;
+    }
+
+    final class EntrySet extends AbstractSet<Map.Entry<K,V>> {
+        public final int size()                 { return size; }
+        public final void clear()               { HashMap.this.clear(); }
+        public final Iterator<Map.Entry<K,V>> iterator() {
+            return new EntryIterator();
+        }
+        public final boolean contains(Object o) {
+            if (!(o instanceof Map.Entry))
+                return false;
+            Map.Entry<?,?> e = (Map.Entry<?,?>) o;
+            Object key = e.getKey();
+            int index = getNode(hash(key), key);
+            return index >= 0 && table[index].equals(e);
+        }
+        public final boolean remove(Object o) {
+            if (o instanceof Map.Entry) {
+                Map.Entry<?,?> e = (Map.Entry<?,?>) o;
+                Object key = e.getKey();
+                Object value = e.getValue();
+                return removeNode(hash(key), key, value, true, true).isValue();
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        public final void forEach(Consumer<? super Map.Entry<K,V>> action) {
+            YNode<K,V>[] tab;
+            if (action == null)
+                throw new NullPointerException();
+            if (size > 0 && (tab = table) != null) {
+                int mc = modCount;
+                for (YNode<K,V> te : tab) {
+                    if (te.isValue()) {
+                        action.accept(new YNodeWrapper(te.hash & (tab.length - 1)));
+                    }
+                }
+                if (modCount != mc)
+                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Overrides of JDK8 Map extension methods
+
+    @Override
+    public V getOrDefault(Object key, V defaultValue) {
+        final int index;
+        return (index = getNode(hash(key), key)) < 0 ? defaultValue : table[index].value;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public V putIfAbsent(K key, V value) {
+        return putVal(hash(key), key, value, true);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean remove(Object key, Object value) {
+        return removeNode(hash(key), key, value, true, true).isValue();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean replace(K key, V oldValue, V newValue) {
+        int hash, index;
+        V v;
+        if ((index = getNode((hash = hash(key)), key)) >= 0 &&
+                ((v = table[index].value) == oldValue || (v != null && v.equals(oldValue)))) {
+            table[index] = new YNode<>(hash, key, newValue, table[index].probes);
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public V replace(K key, V value) {
+        int hash, index;
+        V v;
+        if ((index = getNode((hash = hash(key)), key)) >= 0) {
+            V oldValue = table[index].value;
+            table[index] = new YNode<>(hash, key, value, table[index].probes);
+            return oldValue;
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     *
+     * <p>This method will, on a best-effort basis, throw a
+     * {@link ConcurrentModificationException} if it is detected that the
+     * mapping function modifies this map during computation.
+     *
+     * @throws ConcurrentModificationException if it is detected that the
+     * mapping function modified this map
+     */
+    @Override
+    public V computeIfAbsent(K key,
+                             Function<? super K, ? extends V> mappingFunction) {
+        if (mappingFunction == null)
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+        int hash = hash(key);
+        YNode<K,V>[] tab = table;
+        YNode<K,V> entry;
+        int index;
+
+        index = getNode(hash, key);
+        if (index >= 0 && (entry = tab[index]).value != null) {
+            return entry.value;
+        }
+        int mc = modCount;
+        V v = mappingFunction.apply(key);
+        if (mc != modCount) { throw new ConcurrentModificationException(); }
+        if (v == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        putVal(hash, key, v, false);
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     *
+     * <p>This method will, on a best-effort basis, throw a
+     * {@link ConcurrentModificationException} if it is detected that the
+     * remapping function modifies this map during computation.
+     *
+     * @throws ConcurrentModificationException if it is detected that the
+     * remapping function modified this map
+     */
+    @Override
+    public V computeIfPresent(K key,
+                              BiFunction<? super K, ? super V, ? extends V> remappingFunction) {
+        if (remappingFunction == null)
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+        YNode<K,V> oldValue;
+        int hash = hash(key);
+        int index = getNode(hash, key);
+        if (index >= 0 && (oldValue = table[index]).value != null) {
+            int mc = modCount;
+            V v = remappingFunction.apply(key, oldValue.value);
+            if (mc != modCount) { throw new ConcurrentModificationException(); }
+            if (v != null) {
+                table[index] = new YNode<>(hash, key, v, oldValue.probes);
+                return v;
+            } else
+                removeNode(hash, key, null, false, true);
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     *
+     * <p>This method will, on a best-effort basis, throw a
+     * {@link ConcurrentModificationException} if it is detected that the
+     * remapping function modifies this map during computation.
+     *
+     * @throws ConcurrentModificationException if it is detected that the
+     * remapping function modified this map
+     */
+    @Override
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public V compute(K key,
+                     BiFunction<? super K, ? super V, ? extends V> remappingFunction) {
+        if (remappingFunction == null)
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+
+        int hash = hash(key);
+        int index = getNode(hash, key);
+        YNode<K,V> oldValue = (index >= 0) ? table[index] : new YNode();
+
+        int mc = modCount;
+        V v = remappingFunction.apply(key, oldValue.value);
+        if (mc != modCount) { throw new ConcurrentModificationException(); }
+        if (v != null) {
+            if (index >= 0) {
+                table[index] = new YNode<>(hash, key, v, oldValue.probes);
+//                modCount++;
+            } else
+                putVal(hash, key, v, false);
+        } else
+            // TBD: 2nd lookup to remove even though we have index
+            removeNode(hash, key, null, false, true);
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     *
+     * <p>This method will, on a best-effort basis, throw a
+     * {@link ConcurrentModificationException} if it is detected that the
+     * remapping function modifies this map during computation.
+     *
+     * @throws ConcurrentModificationException if it is detected that the
+     * remapping function modified this map
+     */
+    @Override
+    public V merge(K key, V value,
+                   BiFunction<? super V, ? super V, ? extends V> remappingFunction) {
+        if (remappingFunction == null)
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+
+        final int hash = hash(key);
+        final int index = getNode(hash, key);
+        if (index >= 0) {
+            int mc = modCount;
+            V v = remappingFunction.apply(table[index].value, value);
+            if (mc != modCount) { throw new ConcurrentModificationException(); }
+            if (v != null) {
+                if (index >= 0) {
+                    table[index] = new YNode<>(hash, key, v, table[index].probes);
+//                    modCount++;
+                } else
+                    putVal(hash, key, v, false);
+            } else {
+                // TBD: 2nd lookup to remove even though we have index
+                removeNode(hash, key, null, false, true);
+            }
+            return v;
+        } else {
+            // put new key/value (even if null)
+            putVal(hash, key, value, false);
+        }
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void forEach(BiConsumer<? super K, ? super V> action) {
+        YNode<K,V>[] tab;
+        if (action == null)
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+        if (size > 0 && (tab = table) != null) {
+            int mc = modCount;
+            for (YNode<K,V> te : tab) {
+                if (te.isValue()) {
+                    action.accept(te.key, te.value);
+                }
+            }
+            if (modCount != mc)
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void replaceAll(BiFunction<? super K, ? super V, ? extends V> function) {
+        super.replaceAll(function);
+    }
+
+    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
+    // Cloning and serialization
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a shallow copy of this {@code HashMap} instance: the keys and
+     * values themselves are not cloned.
+     *
+     * @return a shallow copy of this map
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    @Override
+    public Object clone() {
+        HashMap<K,V> result;
+        try {
+            result = (HashMap<K,V>)super.clone();
+        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
+            // this shouldn't happen, since we are Cloneable
+            throw new InternalError(e);
+        }
+        result.reinitialize();
+        result.putMapEntries(this, false);
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    // These methods are also used when serializing HashSets
+    final float loadFactor() { return loadFactor; }
+    final int capacity() {
+        return (table != null) ? table.length :
+                (threshold > 0) ? threshold :
+                DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Saves this map to a stream (that is, serializes it).
+     *
+     * @param s the stream
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
+     * @serialData The <i>capacity</i> of the HashMap (the length of the
+     *             bucket array) is emitted (int), followed by the
+     *             <i>size</i> (an int, the number of key-value
+     *             mappings), followed by the key (Object) and value (Object)
+     *             for each key-value mapping.  The key-value mappings are
+     *             emitted in no particular order.
+     */
+    private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)
+        throws IOException {
+        int buckets = capacity();
+        // Write out the threshold, loadfactor, and any hidden stuff
+        s.defaultWriteObject();
+        s.writeInt(buckets);
+        s.writeInt(size);
+        internalWriteEntries(s);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reconstitutes this map from a stream (that is, deserializes it).
+     * @param s the stream
+     * @throws ClassNotFoundException if the class of a serialized object
+     *         could not be found
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
+     */
+    private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s)
+        throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
+        // Read in the threshold (ignored), loadfactor, and any hidden stuff
+        s.defaultReadObject();
+        reinitialize();
+        if (loadFactor <= 0 || Float.isNaN(loadFactor))
+            throw new InvalidObjectException("Illegal load factor: " +
+                    loadFactor);
+        s.readInt();                // Read and ignore number of buckets
+        int mappings = s.readInt(); // Read number of mappings (size)
+        if (mappings < 0)
+            throw new InvalidObjectException("Illegal mappings count: " +
+                    mappings);
+        else if (mappings > 0) { // (if zero, use defaults)
+            // Size the table using given load factor only if within
+            // range of 0.25...4.0
+            float lf = Math.min(Math.max(0.25f, loadFactor), 4.0f);
+            float fc = (float)mappings / lf + 1.0f;
+            int cap = ((fc < DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY) ?
+                    DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY :
+                    (fc >= MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) ?
+                            MAXIMUM_CAPACITY :
+                            tableSizeFor((int)fc));
+            float ft = (float)cap * lf;
+            threshold = ((cap < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY && ft < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) ?
+                    (int)ft : Integer.MAX_VALUE);
+
+            // Check Map.Entry[].class since it's the nearest public type to
+            // what we're actually creating.
+//            SharedSecrets.getJavaObjectInputStreamAccess().checkArray(s, Map.Entry[].class, cap);
+            @SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes","unchecked"})
+            YNode<K,V>[] tab = (YNode<K,V>[])new YNode[cap];
+            table = tab;
+
+            // Read the keys and values, and put the mappings in the HashMap
+            for (int i = 0; i < mappings; i++) {
+                @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+                K key = (K) s.readObject();
+                @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+                V value = (V) s.readObject();
+                putVal(hash(key), key, value, false);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
+    // iterators
+
+    abstract class HashIterator {
+        int next;        // next entry to return
+        int current;     // current entry
+        int expectedModCount;  // for fast-fail
+        int count;
+
+        HashIterator() {
+            expectedModCount = modCount;
+            current = -1;
+            next = (size > 0 && table != null) ? findNext(0) : -1;
+            count = 0;
+        }
+
+        public final boolean hasNext() {
+            return next >= 0;
+        }
+
+        final Entry<K,V> nextNode() {
+            if (modCount != expectedModCount)
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException("ex: " + expectedModCount + " != " + modCount);
+            if (!hasNext())
+                throw new NoSuchElementException();
+            current = next;
+            assert current >= 0;
+
+            next = (current + REHASH_HASH) & (table.length - 1);
+            next = (next == 0) ? -1 : findNext(next);
+            return new YNodeWrapper(current);
+        }
+
+        public final void remove() {
+            if (current < 0 || current > table.length)
+                throw new IllegalStateException();
+            if (modCount != expectedModCount)
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+            YNode<K, V> p = table[current];
+            removeNode(p.hash, p.key, null, false, false);
+            if (table[current].isValue()) {
+                // a node was moved into current
+                next = current;
+            }
+            current = -1;
+            expectedModCount = modCount;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Find the next value entry in the rehash sequence.
+         */
+        private final int findNext(int index) {
+            final YNode<K,V>[] t = table;
+            final int lowbitmask = table.length - 1;
+            index = index & lowbitmask;
+            int count = 0;
+            while (!t[index].isValue()) {
+                count ++;
+                index = (index + REHASH_HASH) & lowbitmask;
+                if (index == 0)
+                    return -1;
+            }
+            return index;
+        }
+    }
+
+    final class KeyIterator extends HashIterator
+            implements Iterator<K> {
+        public final K next() { return nextNode().getKey(); }
+    }
+
+    final class ValueIterator extends HashIterator
+            implements Iterator<V> {
+        public final V next() { return nextNode().getValue(); }
+    }
+
+    final class EntryIterator extends HashIterator
+            implements Iterator<Map.Entry<K,V>> {
+        public final Map.Entry<K,V> next() { return nextNode(); }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reset to initial default state.  Called by clone and readObject.
+     */
+    void reinitialize() {
+        table = null;
+        entrySet = null;
+        keySet = null;
+        values = null;
+        modCount = 0;
+        threshold = 0;
+        size = 0;
+    }
+
+    // Called only from writeObject, to ensure compatible ordering.
+    void internalWriteEntries(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s) throws IOException {
+        YNode<K,V>[] tab;
+        if (size > 0 && (tab = table) != null) {
+            for (YNode<K,V> te : tab) {
+                if (te.isValue()) {
+                    s.writeObject(te.key);
+                    s.writeObject(te.value);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Check each entry in the table.
+     *  - FindNode will find it from the key.
+     *  - the probes value is correct.
+     */
+    boolean isTableOk(final YNode<K,V>[] tab, String msg) {
+        int n;
+        if (!VERIFYTABLEOK || tab == null || (n = tab.length) == 0)
+            return true;
+        boolean ok = true;
+        int valueEntries = 0;
+        for (int index = 0; index < tab.length; index++) {
+            final YNode<K,V> te = tab[index];
+            if (te.isValue()) {
+                valueEntries++;
+                if (te.key == this || te.value == this)
+                    continue;   // skip self referential entries
+                int hash = hash(te.key);
+                int th = hash(te.key);
+                if (th != te.hash) {
+                    ok = false;
+                    debug2("ERROR: computed hash not equal stored hash: th: " + th, index, te);
+                }
+
+                int findex = getNode(hash, te.key);
+                if (findex < index) {
+                    ok = false;
+                    debug2("ERROR: getNode entry not found/found at wrong index: " + findex,
+                            index , te);
+                }
+                if (findex >= 0) {
+                    int h = hash;
+                    for (int probes = 1; probes <= tab.length; probes++, h += REHASH_HASH) {
+                        int i = (n - 1) & h;
+                        if (i == findex) {
+                            if (probes != te.probes) {
+                                ok = false;
+                                debug2("ERROR: computed probes not equal recorded " +
+                                        "probes: " + probes, findex, te);
+                            }
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        if (probes == 500) {
+                            debug2("probes > 500: " + probes, findex, te);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                // Check for duplicate entry
+                for (int j = index + 1; j < tab.length; j++) {
+                    if (te.hash == tab[j].hash &&
+                            te.key.equals(tab[j].key)) {
+                        debug2("ERROR: YNode at index ", index, te);
+                        debug2("ERROR: duplicate YNode", j, tab[j]);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (valueEntries != size()) {
+            debug2("ERROR: size wrong: " + valueEntries, size(), new YNode<K,V>());
+            ok = false;
+        }
+        if (!ok) {
+            if (System.out != null) {
+                Thread.dumpStack();
+                dumpTable(table, msg);
+            }
+        }
+        return ok;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Print stats of the table to the a stream.
+     * @param out a stream
+     */
+    public void dumpStats(PrintStream out) {
+        out.printf("%s instance: size: %d%n", this.getClass().getName(), this.size());
+        long size = heapSize();
+        long bytesPer = (this.size != 0) ? size / this.size() : 0;
+        out.printf("    heap size: %d(bytes), avg bytes per entry: %d, table len: %d%n",
+                size, bytesPer, (table != null) ? table.length : 0);
+        long[] types = entryTypes();
+        out.printf("    values: %d, empty: %d%n",
+                types[0], types[1]);
+        printStats(out, "hash collisions", entryRehashes());
+        printStats(out, "getProbes      ", minCounts(getProbes));
+        printStats(out, "putProbes      ", minCounts(putProbes));
+        printStats(out, "notFoundProbes ", minCounts(notFoundProbes));
+
+        isTableOk(table, "dumpStats");
+    }
+
+    private void printStats(PrintStream out, String label, int[] hist) {
+        if (hist.length > 1) {
+            out.printf("    %s: max: %d, mean: %3.2f, stddev: %3.2f, %s%n",
+                    label, hist.length - 1,
+                    computeMean(hist), computeStdDev(hist),
+                    Arrays.toString(hist));
+        } else if (hist.length > 0) {
+            out.printf("    %s: max: %d, %s%n",
+                    label, hist.length - 1,
+                    Arrays.toString(hist));
+        } else {
+            out.printf("    %s: n/a%n", label);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private double computeStdDev(int[] hist) {
+        double mean = computeMean(hist);
+        double sum = 0.0f;
+        long count = 0L;
+        for (int i = 1; i < hist.length; i++) {
+            count += hist[i];
+            sum += (i - mean) * (i - mean) * hist[i];
+        }
+        return Math.sqrt(sum / (count - 1));
+    }
+
+    private double computeMean(int[] hist) {
+        long sum = 0L;
+        long count = 0;
+        for (int i = 1; i < hist.length; i++) {
+            count += hist[i];
+            sum += i * hist[i];
+        }
+        return (double)sum / (double)count;
+    }
+
+    private long[] entryTypes() {
+        long[] counts = new long[2];
+        if (table == null)
+            return counts;
+        for (YNode<K,V> te : table) {
+            if (te.isEmpty())
+                counts[1]++;
+            else
+                counts[0]++;
+        }
+        return counts;
+    }
+
+    private int[] incProbeCount(int[] counters, int probes) {
+        if (counters == null)
+            counters = new int[Math.max(probes + 1, 16)];
+        else if (probes >= counters.length)
+            counters = Arrays.copyOf(counters, Math.max(probes + 1, counters.length * 2));
+        counters[probes]++;
+        return counters;
+    }
+
+
+    // Returns a histogram array of the number of rehashs needed to find each key.
+    private int[] entryRehashes() {
+        if (table == null)
+            return new int[0];
+        int[] counts = new int[table.length + 1];
+        YNode<K,V>[] tab = table;
+        int n = tab.length;
+        for (YNode<K,V> te : tab) {
+
+            if (!te.isValue())
+                continue;
+            int h = te.hash;
+            int count;
+            final K key = te.key;
+            K k;
+            for (count = 1; count < tab.length; count++, h += REHASH_HASH) {
+                final YNode<K, V> entry;
+                if ((entry = tab[(n - 1) & h]).isValue() &&
+                        entry.hash == te.hash &&
+                        ((k = entry.key) == key || (k != null && k.equals(key)))) {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            counts[count]++;
+        }
+
+        int i;
+        for (i = counts.length - 1; i >= 0 && counts[i] == 0; i--) {
+        }
+        counts = Arrays.copyOf(counts, i + 1);
+        return counts;
+    }
+
+    private int[] minCounts(int[] counts) {
+        int i;
+        for (i = counts.length - 1; i >= 0 && counts[i] == 0; i--) {
+        }
+        counts = Arrays.copyOf(counts, i + 1);
+        return counts;
+    }
+
+    private long heapSize() {
+        long acc = objectSizeMaybe(this);
+        return acc + objectSizeMaybe(table);
+    }
+
+    private long objectSizeMaybe(Object o) {
+        try {
+            return (mObjectSize != null)
+                    ? (long)mObjectSize.invoke(null, o)
+                    : 0L;
+        } catch (IllegalAccessException | InvocationTargetException e) {
+            return 0L;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static boolean hasObjectSize = false;
+    private static Method mObjectSize = getObjectSizeMethod();
+
+    private static Method getObjectSizeMethod() {
+        try {
+            Method m = Objects.class.getDeclaredMethod("getObjectSize", Object.class);
+            hasObjectSize = true;
+            return m;
+        } catch (NoSuchMethodException nsme) {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/HashMapBench.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/HashMapBench.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4c049e5b8a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/HashMapBench.java
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.sandbox.corelibs.corelibs.mapprotos;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Param;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.function.IntFunction;
+import java.util.stream.IntStream;
+
+import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toMap;
+
+/**
+ * Benchmark                                    (mapType)   (size)  Mode  Cnt    Score    Error  Units
+ * XHashMapBench.put                             HASH_MAP  1000000  avgt    5  214.470 +/- 44.063  ms/op
+ * XHashMapBench.put                            XHASH_MAP  1000000  avgt    5  215.772 +/- 31.595  ms/op
+ * XHashMapBench.putAllWithBigMapToEmptyMap      HASH_MAP  1000000  avgt    5  126.472 +/- 38.452  ms/op
+ * XHashMapBench.putAllWithBigMapToEmptyMap     XHASH_MAP  1000000  avgt    5  117.741 +/- 10.460  ms/op
+ * XHashMapBench.putAllWithBigMapToNonEmptyMap   HASH_MAP  1000000  avgt    5  136.112 +/- 36.712  ms/op
+ * XHashMapBench.putAllWithBigMapToNonEmptyMap  XHASH_MAP  1000000  avgt    5  144.681 +/-  8.755  ms/op
+ * Finished running test 'micro:valhalla.corelibs.XHashMapBench'
+ */
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
+@Fork(1)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class HashMapBench {
+    private IntFunction<Map<Integer, Integer>> mapSupplier;
+    private Map<Integer, Integer> bigMapToAdd;
+
+    @Param("1000000")
+    private int size;
+
+    @Param(value = {
+            "org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.corelibs.mapprotos.HashMap",
+//            "org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.corelibs.mapprotos.XHashMap",
+            "java.util.HashMap",
+        })
+    private String mapType;
+
+    @Setup
+    public void setup() {
+        try {
+            Class<?> mapClass = Class.forName(mapType);
+            mapSupplier =  (size) -> newInstance(mapClass, size);
+        } catch (Exception ex) {
+            System.out.printf("%s: %s%n", mapType, ex.getMessage());
+            return;
+        }
+
+        ThreadLocalRandom rnd = ThreadLocalRandom.current();
+        this.bigMapToAdd = IntStream.range(0, size).boxed()
+            .collect(toMap(i -> 7 + i * 128, i -> rnd.nextInt()));
+    }
+
+    Map<Integer, Integer> newInstance(Class<?> mapClass, int size) {
+        try {
+            return (Map<Integer, Integer>)mapClass.getConstructor(int.class).newInstance(size);
+        } catch (Exception ex) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("failed", ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int putAllWithBigMapToNonEmptyMap() {
+        Map<Integer, Integer> map = mapSupplier.apply(16);
+        map.put(-1, -1);
+        map.putAll(bigMapToAdd);
+        return map.size();
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int putAllWithBigMapToEmptyMap() {
+        Map<Integer, Integer> map = mapSupplier.apply(16);
+        map.putAll(bigMapToAdd);
+        return map.size();
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int put() {
+        Map<Integer, Integer> map = mapSupplier.apply(16);
+        for (int k : bigMapToAdd.keySet()) {
+            map.put(k, bigMapToAdd.get(k));
+        }
+        return map.size();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/HashMapToArray.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/HashMapToArray.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..302a16da3a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/HashMapToArray.java
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.sandbox.corelibs.corelibs.mapprotos;
+
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Param;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.function.IntFunction;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/**
+ * Simple benchmark of toArray.
+ */
+
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@Fork(1)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class HashMapToArray {
+
+    private IntFunction<Map<Integer, Integer>> mapSupplier;
+    Map<Integer, Integer> map;
+
+
+    @Param(value = {
+            "org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.corelibs.mapprotos.HashMap",
+//            "org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.corelibs.mapprotos.XHashMap",
+            "java.util.HashMap",
+        })
+    private String mapType;
+
+    @Param({"1", "10", "1000", "100000"})
+    public int size;
+
+    @Setup
+    public void setup() {
+        try {
+            Class<?> mapClass = Class.forName(mapType);
+            mapSupplier =  (size) -> newInstance(mapClass, size);
+        } catch (Exception ex) {
+            System.out.printf("%s: %s%n", mapType, ex.getMessage());
+            return;
+        }
+
+        map = mapSupplier.apply(0);
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            map.put(i, i * i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    Map<Integer, Integer> newInstance(Class<?> mapClass, int size) {
+        try {
+            return (Map<Integer, Integer>)mapClass.getConstructor(int.class).newInstance(size);
+        } catch (Exception ex) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("failed", ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public Object[] testKeySetToArray() {
+        return map.keySet().toArray();
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public Object[] testKeySetToArrayTyped() {
+        return map.keySet().toArray(new Integer[0]);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public Object[] testValuesToArray() {
+        return map.values().toArray();
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public Object[] testValuesToArrayTyped() {
+        return map.values().toArray(new Integer[0]);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/MapBase.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/MapBase.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a6b2072f3af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/MapBase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.sandbox.corelibs.corelibs.mapprotos;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Param;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.stream.IntStream;
+
+@Fork(1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.MICROSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class MapBase {
+
+    @Param({
+            "11",
+            "767",
+            "1572863",
+    })
+    public int size;
+
+    @Param({
+//            "0",
+            "42",
+    })
+    public int seed;
+
+    @Param(value = {
+            "java.util.HashMap",
+            "org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.corelibs.mapprotos.HashMap",
+//            "org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.corelibs.mapprotos.XHashMap",
+//            "java.util.HashMap0",
+    })
+    public String mapType;
+
+    public Random rnd;
+    public Integer[] keys;
+    public Integer[] nonKeys;
+
+    public void init(int size) {
+        Integer[] all;
+        if (seed != 0) {
+            rnd = new Random(seed);
+            all = rnd.ints().distinct().limit(size * 2).boxed().toArray(Integer[]::new);
+            Collections.shuffle(Arrays.asList(all), rnd);
+        } else {
+            rnd = new Random();
+            all = IntStream.range(0, size * 2).boxed().toArray(Integer[]::new);
+            Collections.shuffle(Arrays.asList(all));
+        }
+        keys = Arrays.copyOfRange(all, 0, size);
+        nonKeys = Arrays.copyOfRange(all, size, size * 2);
+    }
+
+    void TearDown(Map<Integer, Integer> map) {
+        try {
+            Method m = map.getClass().getMethod("dumpStats", java.io.PrintStream.class);
+            m.invoke(map, System.out);
+        } catch (Throwable nsme) {
+            System.out.println("Stats not available:");
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/PutX.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/PutX.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6fab343d9f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/PutX.java
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.sandbox.corelibs.corelibs.mapprotos;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.TearDown;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.function.IntFunction;
+
+
+public class PutX extends MapBase {
+    IntFunction<Map<Integer, Integer>> mapSupplier;
+    Map<Integer,Integer> lastMap;
+
+    @Setup
+    public void setup() {
+        super.init(size);
+        try {
+            Class<?> mapClass = Class.forName(mapType);
+            mapSupplier =  (size) -> newInstance(mapClass, size);
+        } catch (Exception ex) {
+            System.out.printf("%s: %s%n", mapType, ex.getMessage());
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    Map<Integer, Integer> newInstance(Class<?> mapClass, int size) {
+        try {
+            return (Map<Integer, Integer>)mapClass.getConstructor(int.class).newInstance(size);
+        } catch (Exception ex) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("failed", ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @TearDown
+    public void teardown() {
+        super.TearDown(lastMap);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public Map<Integer, Integer> put() {
+        Integer[] keys = this.keys;
+        Map<Integer, Integer> map = mapSupplier.apply(0);
+        for (Integer k : keys) {
+            map.put(k, k);
+        }
+        lastMap = map;
+        return map;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public Map<Integer, Integer> putSized() {
+        Integer[] keys = this.keys;
+        Map<Integer, Integer> map = mapSupplier.apply(size * 2);
+        for (Integer k : keys) {
+            map.put(k, k);
+        }
+        lastMap = map;
+        return map;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/README.md b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..27fce11975b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# Prototype implementations of HashMaps using inline classes for the table entries.
+
+   **NOTE: The implementations have NOT been optimized or tuned.**
+
+## HashMap uses Open Addressing to store all entries in a table of inline classes
+The hash of the key is used as the first index into the table.
+If there is a collision, double hashing (with a static offset) is used to probe subsequent locations for available storage.
+The Robin Hood hashing variation on insertion is used to reduce worst case lookup times.
+On key removal, the subsequent double-hashed entries are compressed into the entry being removed.
+
+### HashMap Storage requirements
+Typical storage usage for a table near its load factor is 22 bytes per entry.
+
+Inserting entries into the HashMap may resize the table but otherwise does
+not use any additional memory on each get or put.
+
+## XHashMap stores the initial entry in a table of inline classes
+The hash of the key is used as the first index into the table.
+If there is a collision, subsequent entries add the familiar link list of Nodes.
+On key removal, direct entries in the table are replaced by the first linked node;
+for Nodes in the link list, the Node is unlinked.
+
+### XHashMap Storage requirements:
+Typical storage usage for a table near its load factor is 32 bytes per entry.
+
+## java.util.HashMap (the original)
+HashMap uses a table of references to the initial Node entries, collisions are handled by
+linked Nodes.
+
+### HashMap Storage requirements:
+Typical storage usage for a table near its load factor is 37 bytes per entry.
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/ReplX.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/ReplX.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..dd8a1a0f33d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/ReplX.java
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.sandbox.corelibs.corelibs.mapprotos;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.function.IntFunction;
+
+public class ReplX extends MapBase {
+    IntFunction<Map<Integer, Integer>> mapSupplier;
+    Integer[] mixed;
+    Map<Integer, Integer> map;
+
+    @Setup
+    public void setup() {
+        super.init(size);
+        try {
+            Class<?> mapClass = Class.forName(mapType);
+            mapSupplier =  (size) -> newInstance(mapClass, size);
+
+            map = mapSupplier.apply(0);
+            for (Integer k : keys) {
+                map.put(k, k);
+            }
+            mixed = new Integer[size];
+            System.arraycopy(keys, 0, mixed, 0, size / 2);
+            System.arraycopy(nonKeys, 0, mixed, size / 2, size / 2);
+            Collections.shuffle(Arrays.asList(mixed), rnd);
+        } catch (Exception ex) {
+            System.out.printf("%s: %s%n", mapType, ex.getMessage());
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    Map<Integer, Integer> newInstance(Class<?> mapClass, int size) {
+        try {
+            return (Map<Integer, Integer>)mapClass.getConstructor(int.class).newInstance(size);
+        } catch (Exception ex) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("failed", ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public Map<Integer, Integer> replace() {
+        Integer[] keys = this.keys;
+        for (Integer k : mixed) {
+            if (map.size() < size) {
+                map.put(k, k);
+            } else {
+                map.remove(k);
+            }
+        }
+        return map;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/WalkX.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/WalkX.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..19f5c32b942
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/WalkX.java
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.sandbox.corelibs.corelibs.mapprotos;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.function.IntFunction;
+
+public class WalkX extends MapBase {
+
+    IntFunction<Map<Integer, Integer>> mapSupplier;
+    Map<Integer, Integer> map;
+
+    @Setup
+    public void setup() {
+        super.init(size);
+        try {
+            Class<?> mapClass = Class.forName(mapType);
+            mapSupplier =  (size) -> newInstance(mapClass, size);
+        } catch (Exception ex) {
+            System.out.printf("%s: %s%n", mapType, ex.getMessage());
+            return;
+        }
+
+        map = mapSupplier.apply(0);
+        for (Integer k : keys) {
+            map.put(k, k);
+        }
+    }
+
+    Map<Integer, Integer> newInstance(Class<?> mapClass, int size) {
+        try {
+            return (Map<Integer, Integer>)mapClass.getConstructor(int.class).newInstance(size);
+        } catch (Exception ex) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("failed", ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sumIterator() {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (Iterator<Integer> iterator = map.keySet().iterator(); iterator.hasNext(); ) {
+            s += iterator.next();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sumIteratorHidden() {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (Iterator<Integer> iterator = hide(map.keySet().iterator()); iterator.hasNext(); ) {
+            s += iterator.next();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static Iterator<Integer> hide(Iterator<Integer> it) {
+        return it;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/XAbstractMap.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/XAbstractMap.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e7dd65f430d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/XAbstractMap.java
@@ -0,0 +1,863 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.sandbox.corelibs.corelibs.mapprotos;
+
+import java.util.AbstractCollection;
+import java.util.AbstractSet;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+/**
+ * This class provides a skeletal implementation of the {@code Map}
+ * interface, to minimize the effort required to implement this interface.
+ *
+ * <p>To implement an unmodifiable map, the programmer needs only to extend this
+ * class and provide an implementation for the {@code entrySet} method, which
+ * returns a set-view of the map's mappings.  Typically, the returned set
+ * will, in turn, be implemented atop {@code AbstractSet}.  This set should
+ * not support the {@code add} or {@code remove} methods, and its iterator
+ * should not support the {@code remove} method.
+ *
+ * <p>To implement a modifiable map, the programmer must additionally override
+ * this class's {@code put} method (which otherwise throws an
+ * {@code UnsupportedOperationException}), and the iterator returned by
+ * {@code entrySet().iterator()} must additionally implement its
+ * {@code remove} method.
+ *
+ * <p>The programmer should generally provide a void (no argument) and map
+ * constructor, as per the recommendation in the {@code Map} interface
+ * specification.
+ *
+ * <p>The documentation for each non-abstract method in this class describes its
+ * implementation in detail.  Each of these methods may be overridden if the
+ * map being implemented admits a more efficient implementation.
+ *
+ * <p>This class is a member of the
+ * <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/util/package-summary.html#CollectionsFramework">
+ * Java Collections Framework</a>.
+ *
+ * @param <K> the type of keys maintained by this map
+ * @param <V> the type of mapped values
+ *
+ * @author  Josh Bloch
+ * @author  Neal Gafter
+ * @see Map
+ * @see Collection
+ * @since 1.2
+ */
+
+public abstract class XAbstractMap<K,V> implements Map<K,V> {
+    /**
+     * Sole constructor.  (For invocation by subclass constructors, typically
+     * implicit.)
+     */
+    protected XAbstractMap() {
+    }
+
+    // Query Operations
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     *
+     * @implSpec
+     * This implementation returns {@code entrySet().size()}.
+     */
+    public int size() {
+        return entrySet().size();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     *
+     * @implSpec
+     * This implementation returns {@code size() == 0}.
+     */
+    public boolean isEmpty() {
+        return size() == 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     *
+     * @implSpec
+     * This implementation iterates over {@code entrySet()} searching
+     * for an entry with the specified value.  If such an entry is found,
+     * {@code true} is returned.  If the iteration terminates without
+     * finding such an entry, {@code false} is returned.  Note that this
+     * implementation requires linear time in the size of the map.
+     *
+     * @throws ClassCastException   {@inheritDoc}
+     * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public boolean containsValue(Object value) {
+        Iterator<Entry<K,V>> i = entrySet().iterator();
+        if (value==null) {
+            while (i.hasNext()) {
+                Entry<K,V> e = i.next();
+                if (e.getValue()==null)
+                    return true;
+            }
+        } else {
+            while (i.hasNext()) {
+                Entry<K,V> e = i.next();
+                if (value.equals(e.getValue()))
+                    return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     *
+     * @implSpec
+     * This implementation iterates over {@code entrySet()} searching
+     * for an entry with the specified key.  If such an entry is found,
+     * {@code true} is returned.  If the iteration terminates without
+     * finding such an entry, {@code false} is returned.  Note that this
+     * implementation requires linear time in the size of the map; many
+     * implementations will override this method.
+     *
+     * @throws ClassCastException   {@inheritDoc}
+     * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public boolean containsKey(Object key) {
+        Iterator<Map.Entry<K,V>> i = entrySet().iterator();
+        if (key==null) {
+            while (i.hasNext()) {
+                Entry<K,V> e = i.next();
+                if (e.getKey()==null)
+                    return true;
+            }
+        } else {
+            while (i.hasNext()) {
+                Entry<K,V> e = i.next();
+                if (key.equals(e.getKey()))
+                    return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     *
+     * @implSpec
+     * This implementation iterates over {@code entrySet()} searching
+     * for an entry with the specified key.  If such an entry is found,
+     * the entry's value is returned.  If the iteration terminates without
+     * finding such an entry, {@code null} is returned.  Note that this
+     * implementation requires linear time in the size of the map; many
+     * implementations will override this method.
+     *
+     * @throws ClassCastException            {@inheritDoc}
+     * @throws NullPointerException          {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public V get(Object key) {
+        Iterator<Entry<K,V>> i = entrySet().iterator();
+        if (key==null) {
+            while (i.hasNext()) {
+                Entry<K,V> e = i.next();
+                if (e.getKey()==null)
+                    return e.getValue();
+            }
+        } else {
+            while (i.hasNext()) {
+                Entry<K,V> e = i.next();
+                if (key.equals(e.getKey()))
+                    return e.getValue();
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+
+    // Modification Operations
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     *
+     * @implSpec
+     * This implementation always throws an
+     * {@code UnsupportedOperationException}.
+     *
+     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException {@inheritDoc}
+     * @throws ClassCastException            {@inheritDoc}
+     * @throws NullPointerException          {@inheritDoc}
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException      {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public V put(K key, V value) {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     *
+     * @implSpec
+     * This implementation iterates over {@code entrySet()} searching for an
+     * entry with the specified key.  If such an entry is found, its value is
+     * obtained with its {@code getValue} operation, the entry is removed
+     * from the collection (and the backing map) with the iterator's
+     * {@code remove} operation, and the saved value is returned.  If the
+     * iteration terminates without finding such an entry, {@code null} is
+     * returned.  Note that this implementation requires linear time in the
+     * size of the map; many implementations will override this method.
+     *
+     * <p>Note that this implementation throws an
+     * {@code UnsupportedOperationException} if the {@code entrySet}
+     * iterator does not support the {@code remove} method and this map
+     * contains a mapping for the specified key.
+     *
+     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException {@inheritDoc}
+     * @throws ClassCastException            {@inheritDoc}
+     * @throws NullPointerException          {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public V remove(Object key) {
+        Iterator<Entry<K,V>> i = entrySet().iterator();
+        Entry<K,V> correctEntry = null;
+        if (key==null) {
+            while (correctEntry==null && i.hasNext()) {
+                Entry<K,V> e = i.next();
+                if (e.getKey()==null)
+                    correctEntry = e;
+            }
+        } else {
+            while (correctEntry==null && i.hasNext()) {
+                Entry<K,V> e = i.next();
+                if (key.equals(e.getKey()))
+                    correctEntry = e;
+            }
+        }
+
+        V oldValue = null;
+        if (correctEntry !=null) {
+            oldValue = correctEntry.getValue();
+            i.remove();
+        }
+        return oldValue;
+    }
+
+
+    // Bulk Operations
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     *
+     * @implSpec
+     * This implementation iterates over the specified map's
+     * {@code entrySet()} collection, and calls this map's {@code put}
+     * operation once for each entry returned by the iteration.
+     *
+     * <p>Note that this implementation throws an
+     * {@code UnsupportedOperationException} if this map does not support
+     * the {@code put} operation and the specified map is nonempty.
+     *
+     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException {@inheritDoc}
+     * @throws ClassCastException            {@inheritDoc}
+     * @throws NullPointerException          {@inheritDoc}
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException      {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public void putAll(Map<? extends K, ? extends V> m) {
+        for (Map.Entry<? extends K, ? extends V> e : m.entrySet())
+            put(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     *
+     * @implSpec
+     * This implementation calls {@code entrySet().clear()}.
+     *
+     * <p>Note that this implementation throws an
+     * {@code UnsupportedOperationException} if the {@code entrySet}
+     * does not support the {@code clear} operation.
+     *
+     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public void clear() {
+        entrySet().clear();
+    }
+
+
+    // Views
+
+    /**
+     * Each of these fields are initialized to contain an instance of the
+     * appropriate view the first time this view is requested.  The views are
+     * stateless, so there's no reason to create more than one of each.
+     *
+     * <p>Since there is no synchronization performed while accessing these fields,
+     * it is expected that java.util.Map view classes using these fields have
+     * no non-final fields (or any fields at all except for outer-this). Adhering
+     * to this rule would make the races on these fields benign.
+     *
+     * <p>It is also imperative that implementations read the field only once,
+     * as in:
+     *
+     * <pre> {@code
+     * public Set<K> keySet() {
+     *   Set<K> ks = keySet;  // single racy read
+     *   if (ks == null) {
+     *     ks = new KeySet();
+     *     keySet = ks;
+     *   }
+     *   return ks;
+     * }
+     *}</pre>
+     */
+    transient Set<K> keySet;
+    transient Collection<V> values;
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     *
+     * @implSpec
+     * This implementation returns a set that subclasses {@link AbstractSet}.
+     * The subclass's iterator method returns a "wrapper object" over this
+     * map's {@code entrySet()} iterator.  The {@code size} method
+     * delegates to this map's {@code size} method and the
+     * {@code contains} method delegates to this map's
+     * {@code containsKey} method.
+     *
+     * <p>The set is created the first time this method is called,
+     * and returned in response to all subsequent calls.  No synchronization
+     * is performed, so there is a slight chance that multiple calls to this
+     * method will not all return the same set.
+     */
+    public Set<K> keySet() {
+        Set<K> ks = keySet;
+        if (ks == null) {
+            ks = new AbstractSet<K>() {
+                public Iterator<K> iterator() {
+                    return new Iterator<K>() {
+                        private Iterator<Entry<K,V>> i = entrySet().iterator();
+
+                        public boolean hasNext() {
+                            return i.hasNext();
+                        }
+
+                        public K next() {
+                            return i.next().getKey();
+                        }
+
+                        public void remove() {
+                            i.remove();
+                        }
+                    };
+                }
+
+                public int size() {
+                    return XAbstractMap.this.size();
+                }
+
+                public boolean isEmpty() {
+                    return XAbstractMap.this.isEmpty();
+                }
+
+                public void clear() {
+                    XAbstractMap.this.clear();
+                }
+
+                public boolean contains(Object k) {
+                    return XAbstractMap.this.containsKey(k);
+                }
+            };
+            keySet = ks;
+        }
+        return ks;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     *
+     * @implSpec
+     * This implementation returns a collection that subclasses {@link
+     * AbstractCollection}.  The subclass's iterator method returns a
+     * "wrapper object" over this map's {@code entrySet()} iterator.
+     * The {@code size} method delegates to this map's {@code size}
+     * method and the {@code contains} method delegates to this map's
+     * {@code containsValue} method.
+     *
+     * <p>The collection is created the first time this method is called, and
+     * returned in response to all subsequent calls.  No synchronization is
+     * performed, so there is a slight chance that multiple calls to this
+     * method will not all return the same collection.
+     */
+    public Collection<V> values() {
+        Collection<V> vals = values;
+        if (vals == null) {
+            vals = new AbstractCollection<V>() {
+                public Iterator<V> iterator() {
+                    return new Iterator<V>() {
+                        private Iterator<Entry<K,V>> i = entrySet().iterator();
+
+                        public boolean hasNext() {
+                            return i.hasNext();
+                        }
+
+                        public V next() {
+                            return i.next().getValue();
+                        }
+
+                        public void remove() {
+                            i.remove();
+                        }
+                    };
+                }
+
+                public int size() {
+                    return XAbstractMap.this.size();
+                }
+
+                public boolean isEmpty() {
+                    return XAbstractMap.this.isEmpty();
+                }
+
+                public void clear() {
+                    XAbstractMap.this.clear();
+                }
+
+                public boolean contains(Object v) {
+                    return XAbstractMap.this.containsValue(v);
+                }
+            };
+            values = vals;
+        }
+        return vals;
+    }
+
+    public abstract Set<Entry<K,V>> entrySet();
+
+
+    // Comparison and hashing
+
+    /**
+     * Compares the specified object with this map for equality.  Returns
+     * {@code true} if the given object is also a map and the two maps
+     * represent the same mappings.  More formally, two maps {@code m1} and
+     * {@code m2} represent the same mappings if
+     * {@code m1.entrySet().equals(m2.entrySet())}.  This ensures that the
+     * {@code equals} method works properly across different implementations
+     * of the {@code Map} interface.
+     *
+     * @implSpec
+     * This implementation first checks if the specified object is this map;
+     * if so it returns {@code true}.  Then, it checks if the specified
+     * object is a map whose size is identical to the size of this map; if
+     * not, it returns {@code false}.  If so, it iterates over this map's
+     * {@code entrySet} collection, and checks that the specified map
+     * contains each mapping that this map contains.  If the specified map
+     * fails to contain such a mapping, {@code false} is returned.  If the
+     * iteration completes, {@code true} is returned.
+     *
+     * @param o object to be compared for equality with this map
+     * @return {@code true} if the specified object is equal to this map
+     */
+    public boolean equals(Object o) {
+        if (o == this)
+            return true;
+
+        if (!(o instanceof Map))
+            return false;
+        Map<?,?> m = (Map<?,?>) o;
+        if (m.size() != size())
+            return false;
+
+        try {
+            for (Entry<K, V> e : entrySet()) {
+                K key = e.getKey();
+                V value = e.getValue();
+                if (value == null) {
+                    if (!(m.get(key) == null && m.containsKey(key)))
+                        return false;
+                } else {
+                    if (!value.equals(m.get(key)))
+                        return false;
+                }
+            }
+        } catch (ClassCastException unused) {
+            return false;
+        } catch (NullPointerException unused) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the hash code value for this map.  The hash code of a map is
+     * defined to be the sum of the hash codes of each entry in the map's
+     * {@code entrySet()} view.  This ensures that {@code m1.equals(m2)}
+     * implies that {@code m1.hashCode()==m2.hashCode()} for any two maps
+     * {@code m1} and {@code m2}, as required by the general contract of
+     * {@link Object#hashCode}.
+     *
+     * @implSpec
+     * This implementation iterates over {@code entrySet()}, calling
+     * {@link Map.Entry#hashCode hashCode()} on each element (entry) in the
+     * set, and adding up the results.
+     *
+     * @return the hash code value for this map
+     * @see Map.Entry#hashCode()
+     * @see Object#equals(Object)
+     * @see Set#equals(Object)
+     */
+    public int hashCode() {
+        int h = 0;
+        for (Entry<K, V> entry : entrySet())
+            h += entry.hashCode();
+        return h;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a string representation of this map.  The string representation
+     * consists of a list of key-value mappings in the order returned by the
+     * map's {@code entrySet} view's iterator, enclosed in braces
+     * ({@code "{}"}).  Adjacent mappings are separated by the characters
+     * {@code ", "} (comma and space).  Each key-value mapping is rendered as
+     * the key followed by an equals sign ({@code "="}) followed by the
+     * associated value.  Keys and values are converted to strings as by
+     * {@link String#valueOf(Object)}.
+     *
+     * @return a string representation of this map
+     */
+    public String toString() {
+        Iterator<Entry<K,V>> i = entrySet().iterator();
+        if (! i.hasNext())
+            return "{}";
+
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+        sb.append('{');
+        for (;;) {
+            Entry<K,V> e = i.next();
+            K key = e.getKey();
+            V value = e.getValue();
+            sb.append(key   == this ? "(this Map)" : key);
+            sb.append('=');
+            sb.append(value == this ? "(this Map)" : value);
+            if (! i.hasNext())
+                return sb.append('}').toString();
+            sb.append(',').append(' ');
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a shallow copy of this {@code AbstractMap} instance: the keys
+     * and values themselves are not cloned.
+     *
+     * @return a shallow copy of this map
+     */
+    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
+        XAbstractMap<?,?> result = (XAbstractMap<?,?>)super.clone();
+        result.keySet = null;
+        result.values = null;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Utility method for SimpleEntry and SimpleImmutableEntry.
+     * Test for equality, checking for nulls.
+     *
+     * NB: Do not replace with Object.equals until JDK-8015417 is resolved.
+     */
+    private static boolean eq(Object o1, Object o2) {
+        return o1 == null ? o2 == null : o1.equals(o2);
+    }
+
+    // Implementation Note: SimpleEntry and SimpleImmutableEntry
+    // are distinct unrelated classes, even though they share
+    // some code. Since you can't add or subtract final-ness
+    // of a field in a subclass, they can't share representations,
+    // and the amount of duplicated code is too small to warrant
+    // exposing a common abstract class.
+
+
+    /**
+     * An Entry maintaining a key and a value.  The value may be
+     * changed using the {@code setValue} method.  This class
+     * facilitates the process of building custom map
+     * implementations. For example, it may be convenient to return
+     * arrays of {@code SimpleEntry} instances in method
+     * {@code Map.entrySet().toArray}.
+     *
+     * @since 1.6
+     */
+    public static class SimpleEntry<K,V>
+        implements Entry<K,V>, java.io.Serializable
+    {
+        private static final long serialVersionUID = -8499721149061103585L;
+
+        private final K key;
+        private V value;
+
+        /**
+         * Creates an entry representing a mapping from the specified
+         * key to the specified value.
+         *
+         * @param key the key represented by this entry
+         * @param value the value represented by this entry
+         */
+        public SimpleEntry(K key, V value) {
+            this.key   = key;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Creates an entry representing the same mapping as the
+         * specified entry.
+         *
+         * @param entry the entry to copy
+         */
+        public SimpleEntry(Entry<? extends K, ? extends V> entry) {
+            this.key   = entry.getKey();
+            this.value = entry.getValue();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns the key corresponding to this entry.
+         *
+         * @return the key corresponding to this entry
+         */
+        public K getKey() {
+            return key;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns the value corresponding to this entry.
+         *
+         * @return the value corresponding to this entry
+         */
+        public V getValue() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Replaces the value corresponding to this entry with the specified
+         * value.
+         *
+         * @param value new value to be stored in this entry
+         * @return the old value corresponding to the entry
+         */
+        public V setValue(V value) {
+            V oldValue = this.value;
+            this.value = value;
+            return oldValue;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Compares the specified object with this entry for equality.
+         * Returns {@code true} if the given object is also a map entry and
+         * the two entries represent the same mapping.  More formally, two
+         * entries {@code e1} and {@code e2} represent the same mapping
+         * if<pre>
+         *   (e1.getKey()==null ?
+         *    e2.getKey()==null :
+         *    e1.getKey().equals(e2.getKey()))
+         *   &amp;&amp;
+         *   (e1.getValue()==null ?
+         *    e2.getValue()==null :
+         *    e1.getValue().equals(e2.getValue()))</pre>
+         * This ensures that the {@code equals} method works properly across
+         * different implementations of the {@code Map.Entry} interface.
+         *
+         * @param o object to be compared for equality with this map entry
+         * @return {@code true} if the specified object is equal to this map
+         *         entry
+         * @see    #hashCode
+         */
+        public boolean equals(Object o) {
+            if (!(o instanceof Map.Entry))
+                return false;
+            Map.Entry<?,?> e = (Map.Entry<?,?>)o;
+            return eq(key, e.getKey()) && eq(value, e.getValue());
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns the hash code value for this map entry.  The hash code
+         * of a map entry {@code e} is defined to be: <pre>
+         *   (e.getKey()==null   ? 0 : e.getKey().hashCode()) ^
+         *   (e.getValue()==null ? 0 : e.getValue().hashCode())</pre>
+         * This ensures that {@code e1.equals(e2)} implies that
+         * {@code e1.hashCode()==e2.hashCode()} for any two Entries
+         * {@code e1} and {@code e2}, as required by the general
+         * contract of {@link Object#hashCode}.
+         *
+         * @return the hash code value for this map entry
+         * @see    #equals
+         */
+        public int hashCode() {
+            return (key   == null ? 0 :   key.hashCode()) ^
+                   (value == null ? 0 : value.hashCode());
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns a String representation of this map entry.  This
+         * implementation returns the string representation of this
+         * entry's key followed by the equals character ("{@code =}")
+         * followed by the string representation of this entry's value.
+         *
+         * @return a String representation of this map entry
+         */
+        public String toString() {
+            return key + "=" + value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * An Entry maintaining an immutable key and value.  This class
+     * does not support method {@code setValue}.  This class may be
+     * convenient in methods that return thread-safe snapshots of
+     * key-value mappings.
+     *
+     * @since 1.6
+     */
+    public static class SimpleImmutableEntry<K,V>
+        implements Entry<K,V>, java.io.Serializable
+    {
+        private static final long serialVersionUID = 7138329143949025153L;
+
+        private final K key;
+        private final V value;
+
+        /**
+         * Creates an entry representing a mapping from the specified
+         * key to the specified value.
+         *
+         * @param key the key represented by this entry
+         * @param value the value represented by this entry
+         */
+        public SimpleImmutableEntry(K key, V value) {
+            this.key   = key;
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Creates an entry representing the same mapping as the
+         * specified entry.
+         *
+         * @param entry the entry to copy
+         */
+        public SimpleImmutableEntry(Entry<? extends K, ? extends V> entry) {
+            this.key   = entry.getKey();
+            this.value = entry.getValue();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns the key corresponding to this entry.
+         *
+         * @return the key corresponding to this entry
+         */
+        public K getKey() {
+            return key;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns the value corresponding to this entry.
+         *
+         * @return the value corresponding to this entry
+         */
+        public V getValue() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Replaces the value corresponding to this entry with the specified
+         * value (optional operation).  This implementation simply throws
+         * {@code UnsupportedOperationException}, as this class implements
+         * an <i>immutable</i> map entry.
+         *
+         * @param value new value to be stored in this entry
+         * @return (Does not return)
+         * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always
+         */
+        public V setValue(V value) {
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Compares the specified object with this entry for equality.
+         * Returns {@code true} if the given object is also a map entry and
+         * the two entries represent the same mapping.  More formally, two
+         * entries {@code e1} and {@code e2} represent the same mapping
+         * if<pre>
+         *   (e1.getKey()==null ?
+         *    e2.getKey()==null :
+         *    e1.getKey().equals(e2.getKey()))
+         *   &amp;&amp;
+         *   (e1.getValue()==null ?
+         *    e2.getValue()==null :
+         *    e1.getValue().equals(e2.getValue()))</pre>
+         * This ensures that the {@code equals} method works properly across
+         * different implementations of the {@code Map.Entry} interface.
+         *
+         * @param o object to be compared for equality with this map entry
+         * @return {@code true} if the specified object is equal to this map
+         *         entry
+         * @see    #hashCode
+         */
+        public boolean equals(Object o) {
+            if (!(o instanceof Map.Entry))
+                return false;
+            Map.Entry<?,?> e = (Map.Entry<?,?>)o;
+            return eq(key, e.getKey()) && eq(value, e.getValue());
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns the hash code value for this map entry.  The hash code
+         * of a map entry {@code e} is defined to be: <pre>
+         *   (e.getKey()==null   ? 0 : e.getKey().hashCode()) ^
+         *   (e.getValue()==null ? 0 : e.getValue().hashCode())</pre>
+         * This ensures that {@code e1.equals(e2)} implies that
+         * {@code e1.hashCode()==e2.hashCode()} for any two Entries
+         * {@code e1} and {@code e2}, as required by the general
+         * contract of {@link Object#hashCode}.
+         *
+         * @return the hash code value for this map entry
+         * @see    #equals
+         */
+        public int hashCode() {
+            return (key   == null ? 0 :   key.hashCode()) ^
+                   (value == null ? 0 : value.hashCode());
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns a String representation of this map entry.  This
+         * implementation returns the string representation of this
+         * entry's key followed by the equals character ("{@code =}")
+         * followed by the string representation of this entry's value.
+         *
+         * @return a String representation of this map entry
+         */
+        public String toString() {
+            return key + "=" + value;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/XHashMap.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/XHashMap.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..75657523c5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sandbox/corelibs/mapprotos/XHashMap.java
@@ -0,0 +1,2375 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.sandbox.corelibs.corelibs.mapprotos;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InvalidObjectException;
+import java.io.PrintStream;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
+import java.lang.reflect.Type;
+import java.util.AbstractCollection;
+//import java.util.AbstractMap;
+import java.util.AbstractSet;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.ConcurrentModificationException;
+import java.util.Hashtable;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.TreeMap;
+import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.function.BiConsumer;
+import java.util.function.BiFunction;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import java.util.function.Function;
+
+/**
+ * Hash map implementation that uses inline class entries in the initial table
+ * and maintains a link list of separate Node entries for key/value pairs
+ * that have the same hash value.  The handling of the link list is the same
+ * as the original java.util.HashMap.
+ * The primary entry array is larger than in HashMap due to the inline storage
+ * of the entries but since it replaces the separate Node instance for the first
+ * Node, the overall memory usage is less for a reasonably full table.
+ * The TreeNode organization is not yet implemented.
+ * <p>
+ * Hash table based implementation of the {@code Map} interface.  This
+ * implementation provides all of the optional map operations, and permits
+ * {@code null} values and the {@code null} key.  (The {@code HashMap}
+ * class is roughly equivalent to {@code Hashtable}, except that it is
+ * unsynchronized and permits nulls.)  This class makes no guarantees as to
+ * the order of the map; in particular, it does not guarantee that the order
+ * will remain constant over time.
+ *
+ * <p>This implementation provides constant-time performance for the basic
+ * operations ({@code get} and {@code put}), assuming the hash function
+ * disperses the elements properly among the buckets.  Iteration over
+ * collection views requires time proportional to the "capacity" of the
+ * {@code HashMap} instance (the number of buckets) plus its size (the number
+ * of key-value mappings).  Thus, it's very important not to set the initial
+ * capacity too high (or the load factor too low) if iteration performance is
+ * important.
+ *
+ * <p>An instance of {@code HashMap} has two parameters that affect its
+ * performance: <i>initial capacity</i> and <i>load factor</i>.  The
+ * <i>capacity</i> is the number of buckets in the hash table, and the initial
+ * capacity is simply the capacity at the time the hash table is created.  The
+ * <i>load factor</i> is a measure of how full the hash table is allowed to
+ * get before its capacity is automatically increased.  When the number of
+ * entries in the hash table exceeds the product of the load factor and the
+ * current capacity, the hash table is <i>rehashed</i> (that is, internal data
+ * structures are rebuilt) so that the hash table has approximately twice the
+ * number of buckets.
+ *
+ * <p>As a general rule, the default load factor (.75) offers a good
+ * tradeoff between time and space costs.  Higher values decrease the
+ * space overhead but increase the lookup cost (reflected in most of
+ * the operations of the {@code HashMap} class, including
+ * {@code get} and {@code put}).  The expected number of entries in
+ * the map and its load factor should be taken into account when
+ * setting its initial capacity, so as to minimize the number of
+ * rehash operations.  If the initial capacity is greater than the
+ * maximum number of entries divided by the load factor, no rehash
+ * operations will ever occur.
+ *
+ * <p>If many mappings are to be stored in a {@code HashMap}
+ * instance, creating it with a sufficiently large capacity will allow
+ * the mappings to be stored more efficiently than letting it perform
+ * automatic rehashing as needed to grow the table.  Note that using
+ * many keys with the same {@code hashCode()} is a sure way to slow
+ * down performance of any hash table. To ameliorate impact, when keys
+ * are {@link Comparable}, this class may use comparison order among
+ * keys to help break ties.
+ *
+ * <p><strong>Note that this implementation is not synchronized.</strong>
+ * If multiple threads access a hash map concurrently, and at least one of
+ * the threads modifies the map structurally, it <i>must</i> be
+ * synchronized externally.  (A structural modification is any operation
+ * that adds or deletes one or more mappings; merely changing the value
+ * associated with a key that an instance already contains is not a
+ * structural modification.)  This is typically accomplished by
+ * synchronizing on some object that naturally encapsulates the map.
+ *
+ * If no such object exists, the map should be "wrapped" using the
+ * {@link Collections#synchronizedMap Collections.synchronizedMap}
+ * method.  This is best done at creation time, to prevent accidental
+ * unsynchronized access to the map:<pre>
+ *   Map m = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap(...));</pre>
+ *
+ * <p>The iterators returned by all of this class's "collection view methods"
+ * are <i>fail-fast</i>: if the map is structurally modified at any time after
+ * the iterator is created, in any way except through the iterator's own
+ * {@code remove} method, the iterator will throw a
+ * {@link ConcurrentModificationException}.  Thus, in the face of concurrent
+ * modification, the iterator fails quickly and cleanly, rather than risking
+ * arbitrary, non-deterministic behavior at an undetermined time in the
+ * future.
+ *
+ * <p>Note that the fail-fast behavior of an iterator cannot be guaranteed
+ * as it is, generally speaking, impossible to make any hard guarantees in the
+ * presence of unsynchronized concurrent modification.  Fail-fast iterators
+ * throw {@code ConcurrentModificationException} on a best-effort basis.
+ * Therefore, it would be wrong to write a program that depended on this
+ * exception for its correctness: <i>the fail-fast behavior of iterators
+ * should be used only to detect bugs.</i>
+ *
+ * <p>This class is a member of the
+ * <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/util/package-summary.html#CollectionsFramework">
+ * Java Collections Framework</a>.
+ *
+ * @param <K> the type of keys maintained by this map
+ * @param <V> the type of mapped values
+ *
+ * @author  Doug Lea
+ * @author  Josh Bloch
+ * @author  Arthur van Hoff
+ * @author  Neal Gafter
+ * @see     Object#hashCode()
+ * @see     Collection
+ * @see     Map
+ * @see     TreeMap
+ * @see     Hashtable
+ * @since   1.2
+ */
+public class XHashMap<K,V> extends XAbstractMap<K,V>
+    implements Map<K,V>, Cloneable, Serializable {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 362498820763181265L;
+
+    /*
+     * Implementation notes.
+     *
+     * This map usually acts as a binned (bucketed) hash table, but
+     * when bins get too large, they are transformed into bins of
+     * TreeNodes, each structured similarly to those in
+     * java.util.TreeMap. Most methods try to use normal bins, but
+     * relay to TreeNode methods when applicable (simply by checking
+     * instanceof a node).  Bins of TreeNodes may be traversed and
+     * used like any others, but additionally support faster lookup
+     * when overpopulated. However, since the vast majority of bins in
+     * normal use are not overpopulated, checking for existence of
+     * tree bins may be delayed in the course of table methods.
+     *
+     * Tree bins (i.e., bins whose elements are all TreeNodes) are
+     * ordered primarily by hashCode, but in the case of ties, if two
+     * elements are of the same "class C implements Comparable<C>",
+     * type then their compareTo method is used for ordering. (We
+     * conservatively check generic types via reflection to validate
+     * this -- see method comparableClassFor).  The added complexity
+     * of tree bins is worthwhile in providing worst-case O(log n)
+     * operations when keys either have distinct hashes or are
+     * orderable, Thus, performance degrades gracefully under
+     * accidental or malicious usages in which hashCode() methods
+     * return values that are poorly distributed, as well as those in
+     * which many keys share a hashCode, so long as they are also
+     * Comparable. (If neither of these apply, we may waste about a
+     * factor of two in time and space compared to taking no
+     * precautions. But the only known cases stem from poor user
+     * programming practices that are already so slow that this makes
+     * little difference.)
+     *
+     * Because TreeNodes are about twice the size of regular nodes, we
+     * use them only when bins contain enough nodes to warrant use
+     * (see TREEIFY_THRESHOLD). And when they become too small (due to
+     * removal or resizing) they are converted back to plain bins.  In
+     * usages with well-distributed user hashCodes, tree bins are
+     * rarely used.  Ideally, under random hashCodes, the frequency of
+     * nodes in bins follows a Poisson distribution
+     * (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poisson_distribution) with a
+     * parameter of about 0.5 on average for the default resizing
+     * threshold of 0.75, although with a large variance because of
+     * resizing granularity. Ignoring variance, the expected
+     * occurrences of list size k are (exp(-0.5) * pow(0.5, k) /
+     * factorial(k)). The first values are:
+     *
+     * 0:    0.60653066
+     * 1:    0.30326533
+     * 2:    0.07581633
+     * 3:    0.01263606
+     * 4:    0.00157952
+     * 5:    0.00015795
+     * 6:    0.00001316
+     * 7:    0.00000094
+     * 8:    0.00000006
+     * more: less than 1 in ten million
+     *
+     * The root of a tree bin is normally its first node.  However,
+     * sometimes (currently only upon Iterator.remove), the root might
+     * be elsewhere, but can be recovered following parent links
+     * (method TreeNode.root()).
+     *
+     * All applicable internal methods accept a hash code as an
+     * argument (as normally supplied from a public method), allowing
+     * them to call each other without recomputing user hashCodes.
+     * Most internal methods also accept a "tab" argument, that is
+     * normally the current table, but may be a new or old one when
+     * resizing or converting.
+     *
+     * When bin lists are treeified, split, or untreeified, we keep
+     * them in the same relative access/traversal order (i.e., field
+     * Node.next) to better preserve locality, and to slightly
+     * simplify handling of splits and traversals that invoke
+     * iterator.remove. When using comparators on insertion, to keep a
+     * total ordering (or as close as is required here) across
+     * rebalancings, we compare classes and identityHashCodes as
+     * tie-breakers.
+     *
+     * The use and transitions among plain vs tree modes is
+     * complicated by the existence of subclass LinkedHashMap. See
+     * below for hook methods defined to be invoked upon insertion,
+     * removal and access that allow LinkedHashMap internals to
+     * otherwise remain independent of these mechanics. (This also
+     * requires that a map instance be passed to some utility methods
+     * that may create new nodes.)
+     *
+     * The concurrent-programming-like SSA-based coding style helps
+     * avoid aliasing errors amid all of the twisty pointer operations.
+     */
+
+    /**
+     * The default initial capacity - MUST be a power of two.
+     */
+    static final int DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY = 1 << 4; // aka 16
+
+    /**
+     * The maximum capacity, used if a higher value is implicitly specified
+     * by either of the constructors with arguments.
+     * MUST be a power of two <= 1<<30.
+     */
+    static final int MAXIMUM_CAPACITY = 1 << 30;
+
+    /**
+     * The load factor used when none specified in constructor.
+     */
+    static final float DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR = 0.75f;
+
+    /**
+     * The bin count threshold for using a tree rather than list for a
+     * bin.  Bins are converted to trees when adding an element to a
+     * bin with at least this many nodes. The value must be greater
+     * than 2 and should be at least 8 to mesh with assumptions in
+     * tree removal about conversion back to plain bins upon
+     * shrinkage.
+     */
+    static final int TREEIFY_THRESHOLD = 8;
+
+    /**
+     * The bin count threshold for untreeifying a (split) bin during a
+     * resize operation. Should be less than TREEIFY_THRESHOLD, and at
+     * most 6 to mesh with shrinkage detection under removal.
+     */
+    static final int UNTREEIFY_THRESHOLD = 6;
+
+    /**
+     * The smallest table capacity for which bins may be treeified.
+     * (Otherwise the table is resized if too many nodes in a bin.)
+     * Should be at least 4 * TREEIFY_THRESHOLD to avoid conflicts
+     * between resizing and treeification thresholds.
+     */
+    static final int MIN_TREEIFY_CAPACITY = 64;
+
+    private XNode<K,V> emptyXNode() {
+        return new XNode();
+    }
+    /**
+     * Basic hash bin node, used for most entries.  (See below for
+     * TreeNode subclass, and in LinkedHashMap for its Entry subclass.)
+     */
+    static value class XNode<K,V> implements Map.Entry<K,V> {
+        final int hash;
+        final K key;
+        V value;
+        Node<K,V> next;
+
+        XNode() {
+            this.hash = 0;
+            this.key = null;
+            this.value = null;
+            this.next = null;
+        }
+
+        XNode(int hash, K key, V value, Node<K,V> next) {
+            this.hash = hash;
+            this.key = key;
+            this.value = value;
+            this.next = next;
+        }
+
+        boolean isEmpty() {
+            return hash == 0 && key == null && value == null;
+        }
+        public final K getKey()        { return key; }
+        public final V getValue()      { return value; }
+        public final String toString() { return key + "=" + value; }
+
+        public final int hashCode() {
+            return Objects.hashCode(key) ^ Objects.hashCode(value);
+        }
+
+        public final V setValue(V newValue) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("XNode cannot set a value");
+//            V oldValue = value;
+//            value = newValue;
+//            return oldValue;
+        }
+
+        public final boolean equals(Object o) {
+            if (o instanceof Map.Entry) {
+                Map.Entry<?,?> e = (Map.Entry<?,?>)o;
+                if (Objects.equals(key, e.getKey()) &&
+                    Objects.equals(value, e.getValue()))
+                    return true;
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Basic hash bin node, used for overflow entries.  (See below for
+     * TreeNode subclass, and in LinkedHashMap for its Entry subclass.)
+     */
+    static class Node<K,V> implements Map.Entry<K,V> {
+        final int hash;
+        final K key;
+        V value;
+        Node<K,V> next;
+
+        Node(int hash, K key, V value, Node<K,V> next) {
+            this.hash = hash;
+            this.key = key;
+            this.value = value;
+            this.next = next;
+        }
+
+        public final K getKey()        { return key; }
+        public final V getValue()      { return value; }
+        public final String toString() { return key + "=" + value; }
+        public final int hashCode() {
+            return Objects.hashCode(key) ^ Objects.hashCode(value);
+        }
+
+        public final V setValue(V newValue) {
+            V oldValue = value;
+            value = newValue;
+            return oldValue;
+        }
+
+        public final boolean equals(Object o) {
+            if (o == this)
+                return true;
+            if (o instanceof Map.Entry) {
+                Map.Entry<?,?> e = (Map.Entry<?,?>)o;
+                if (Objects.equals(key, e.getKey()) &&
+                    Objects.equals(value, e.getValue()))
+                    return true;
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    value class XNodeWrapper implements Map.Entry<K,V> {
+        int index;
+
+        XNodeWrapper(int index) {
+            this.index = index;
+        }
+
+        public K getKey() {
+            XNode<K,V> e = table[index];
+            return e.isEmpty() ? null : e.key;
+        }
+
+        public V getValue() {
+            XNode<K,V> e = table[index];
+            return e.isEmpty() ? null : e.value;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Replaces the value corresponding to this entry with the specified
+         * value (optional operation).  (Writes through to the map.)  The
+         * behavior of this call is undefined if the mapping has already been
+         * removed from the map (by the iterator's {@code remove} operation).
+         *
+         * @param value new value to be stored in this entry
+         * @return old value corresponding to the entry
+         * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the {@code put} operation
+         *         is not supported by the backing map
+         * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified value
+         *         prevents it from being stored in the backing map
+         * @throws NullPointerException if the backing map does not permit
+         *         null values, and the specified value is null
+         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if some property of this value
+         *         prevents it from being stored in the backing map
+         * @throws IllegalStateException implementations may, but are not
+         *         required to, throw this exception if the entry has been
+         *         removed from the backing map.
+         */
+        public V setValue(V value) {
+            XNode<K,V> e = table[index];
+            assert !e.isEmpty();
+            table[index] = new XNode(e.hash, e.key, value, e.next);
+            return e.value;
+        }
+    }
+    /* ---------------- Static utilities -------------- */
+
+    /**
+     * Computes key.hashCode() and spreads (XORs) higher bits of hash
+     * to lower.  Because the table uses power-of-two masking, sets of
+     * hashes that vary only in bits above the current mask will
+     * always collide. (Among known examples are sets of Float keys
+     * holding consecutive whole numbers in small tables.)  So we
+     * apply a transform that spreads the impact of higher bits
+     * downward. There is a tradeoff between speed, utility, and
+     * quality of bit-spreading. Because many common sets of hashes
+     * are already reasonably distributed (so don't benefit from
+     * spreading), and because we use trees to handle large sets of
+     * collisions in bins, we just XOR some shifted bits in the
+     * cheapest possible way to reduce systematic lossage, as well as
+     * to incorporate impact of the highest bits that would otherwise
+     * never be used in index calculations because of table bounds.
+     */
+    static final int hash(Object key) {
+        int h;
+        return (key == null) ? 0 : (h = key.hashCode()) ^ (h >>> 16);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns x's Class if it is of the form "class C implements
+     * Comparable<C>", else null.
+     */
+    static Class<?> comparableClassFor(Object x) {
+        if (x instanceof Comparable) {
+            Class<?> c; Type[] ts, as; ParameterizedType p;
+            if ((c = x.getClass()) == String.class) // bypass checks
+                return c;
+            if ((ts = c.getGenericInterfaces()) != null) {
+                for (Type t : ts) {
+                    if ((t instanceof ParameterizedType) &&
+                        ((p = (ParameterizedType) t).getRawType() ==
+                         Comparable.class) &&
+                        (as = p.getActualTypeArguments()) != null &&
+                        as.length == 1 && as[0] == c) // type arg is c
+                        return c;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns k.compareTo(x) if x matches kc (k's screened comparable
+     * class), else 0.
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes","unchecked"}) // for cast to Comparable
+    static int compareComparables(Class<?> kc, Object k, Object x) {
+        return (x == null || x.getClass() != kc ? 0 :
+                ((Comparable)k).compareTo(x));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a power of two size for the given target capacity.
+     */
+    static final int tableSizeFor(int cap) {
+        int n = -1 >>> Integer.numberOfLeadingZeros(cap - 1);
+        return (n < 0) ? 1 : (n >= MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) ? MAXIMUM_CAPACITY : n + 1;
+    }
+
+    /* ---------------- Fields -------------- */
+
+    /**
+     * The table, initialized on first use, and resized as
+     * necessary. When allocated, length is always a power of two.
+     * (We also tolerate length zero in some operations to allow
+     * bootstrapping mechanics that are currently not needed.)
+     */
+    transient XNode<K,V>[] table;
+
+    /**
+     * Holds cached entrySet(). Note that AbstractMap fields are used
+     * for keySet() and values().
+     */
+    transient Set<Map.Entry<K,V>> entrySet;
+
+    /**
+     * The number of key-value mappings contained in this map.
+     */
+    transient int size;
+
+    /**
+     * The number of times this HashMap has been structurally modified
+     * Structural modifications are those that change the number of mappings in
+     * the HashMap or otherwise modify its internal structure (e.g.,
+     * rehash).  This field is used to make iterators on Collection-views of
+     * the HashMap fail-fast.  (See ConcurrentModificationException).
+     */
+    transient int modCount;
+
+    /**
+     * The next size value at which to resize (capacity * load factor).
+     *
+     * @serial
+     */
+    // (The javadoc description is true upon serialization.
+    // Additionally, if the table array has not been allocated, this
+    // field holds the initial array capacity, or zero signifying
+    // DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY.)
+    int threshold;
+
+    /**
+     * The load factor for the hash table.
+     *
+     * @serial
+     */
+    final float loadFactor;
+
+    /* ---------------- Public operations -------------- */
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an empty {@code HashMap} with the specified initial
+     * capacity and load factor.
+     *
+     * @param  initialCapacity the initial capacity
+     * @param  loadFactor      the load factor
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the initial capacity is negative
+     *         or the load factor is nonpositive
+     */
+    public XHashMap(int initialCapacity, float loadFactor) {
+        if (initialCapacity < 0)
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal initial capacity: " +
+                                               initialCapacity);
+        if (initialCapacity > MAXIMUM_CAPACITY)
+            initialCapacity = MAXIMUM_CAPACITY;
+        if (loadFactor <= 0 || Float.isNaN(loadFactor))
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal load factor: " +
+                                               loadFactor);
+        this.loadFactor = loadFactor;
+        this.threshold = tableSizeFor(initialCapacity);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an empty {@code HashMap} with the specified initial
+     * capacity and the default load factor (0.75).
+     *
+     * @param  initialCapacity the initial capacity.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the initial capacity is negative.
+     */
+    public XHashMap(int initialCapacity) {
+        this(initialCapacity, DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an empty {@code HashMap} with the default initial capacity
+     * (16) and the default load factor (0.75).
+     */
+    public XHashMap() {
+        this.loadFactor = DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR; // all other fields defaulted
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new {@code HashMap} with the same mappings as the
+     * specified {@code Map}.  The {@code HashMap} is created with
+     * default load factor (0.75) and an initial capacity sufficient to
+     * hold the mappings in the specified {@code Map}.
+     *
+     * @param   m the map whose mappings are to be placed in this map
+     * @throws  NullPointerException if the specified map is null
+     */
+    public XHashMap(Map<? extends K, ? extends V> m) {
+        this.loadFactor = DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR;
+        putMapEntries(m, false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Implements Map.putAll and Map constructor.
+     *
+     * @param m the map
+     * @param evict false when initially constructing this map, else true.
+     */
+    final void putMapEntries(Map<? extends K, ? extends V> m, boolean evict) {
+        int s = m.size();
+        if (s > 0) {
+            if (table == null) { // pre-size
+                float ft = ((float)s / loadFactor) + 1.0F;
+                int t = ((ft < (float)MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) ?
+                         (int)ft : MAXIMUM_CAPACITY);
+                if (t > threshold)
+                    threshold = tableSizeFor(t);
+            } else {
+                // Because of linked-list bucket constraints, we cannot
+                // expand all at once, but can reduce total resize
+                // effort by repeated doubling now vs later
+                while (s > threshold && table.length < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY)
+                    resize();
+            }
+
+            for (Map.Entry<? extends K, ? extends V> e : m.entrySet()) {
+                K key = e.getKey();
+                V value = e.getValue();
+                putVal(hash(key), key, value, false, evict);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the number of key-value mappings in this map.
+     *
+     * @return the number of key-value mappings in this map
+     */
+    public int size() {
+        return size;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns {@code true} if this map contains no key-value mappings.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if this map contains no key-value mappings
+     */
+    public boolean isEmpty() {
+        return size == 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the value to which the specified key is mapped,
+     * or {@code null} if this map contains no mapping for the key.
+     *
+     * <p>More formally, if this map contains a mapping from a key
+     * {@code k} to a value {@code v} such that {@code (key==null ? k==null :
+     * key.equals(k))}, then this method returns {@code v}; otherwise
+     * it returns {@code null}.  (There can be at most one such mapping.)
+     *
+     * <p>A return value of {@code null} does not <i>necessarily</i>
+     * indicate that the map contains no mapping for the key; it's also
+     * possible that the map explicitly maps the key to {@code null}.
+     * The {@link #containsKey containsKey} operation may be used to
+     * distinguish these two cases.
+     *
+     * @see #put(Object, Object)
+     */
+    public V get(Object key) {
+        int hash = hash(key);
+        Node<K,V> e;
+        XNode<K,V> n = getXNode(hash, key);
+        return (!n.isEmpty()) ? n.value
+                : (e = getNode(hash, key)) == null ? null : e.value;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Implements Map.get and related methods.
+     *
+     * @param hash hash for key
+     * @param key the key
+     * @return the node, or emptyXNode() if not at top level.
+     */
+    final XNode<K,V> getXNode(int hash, Object key) {
+        XNode<K, V>[] tab;
+        XNode<K, V> first;
+        int n;
+        K k;
+        if ((tab = table) != null && (n = tab.length) > 0 &&
+                !(first = tab[(n - 1) & hash]).isEmpty()) {
+            if (first.hash == hash && // always check first node
+                    ((k = first.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
+                return first;
+        }
+        return emptyXNode();
+    }
+
+     /**
+     * Implements Map.get and related methods when the key is not found in the primary entry.
+     *
+     * @param hash hash for key
+     * @param key the key
+     * @return the node, or null if none
+     */
+    final Node<K,V> getNode(int hash, Object key) {
+        XNode<K,V>[] tab; XNode<K,V> first; Node<K,V> e; int n; K k;
+        if ((tab = table) != null && (n = tab.length) > 0 &&
+            !(first = tab[(n - 1) & hash]).isEmpty()) {
+            if ((e = first.next) != null) {
+                if (e instanceof TreeNode)
+                    return ((TreeNode<K,V>)e).getTreeNode(hash, key);
+                do {
+                    if (e.hash == hash &&
+                        ((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
+                        return e;
+                } while ((e = e.next) != null);
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns {@code true} if this map contains a mapping for the
+     * specified key.
+     *
+     * @param   key   The key whose presence in this map is to be tested
+     * @return {@code true} if this map contains a mapping for the specified
+     * key.
+     */
+    public boolean containsKey(Object key) {
+        int hash = hash(key);
+        Node<K,V> e;
+        XNode<K,V> n = getXNode(hash, key);
+        return !n.isEmpty() || (e = getNode(hash, key)) != null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Associates the specified value with the specified key in this map.
+     * If the map previously contained a mapping for the key, the old
+     * value is replaced.
+     *
+     * @param key key with which the specified value is to be associated
+     * @param value value to be associated with the specified key
+     * @return the previous value associated with {@code key}, or
+     *         {@code null} if there was no mapping for {@code key}.
+     *         (A {@code null} return can also indicate that the map
+     *         previously associated {@code null} with {@code key}.)
+     */
+    public V put(K key, V value) {
+        return putVal(hash(key), key, value, false, true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Implements Map.put and related methods.
+     *
+     * @param hash hash for key
+     * @param key the key
+     * @param value the value to put
+     * @param onlyIfAbsent if true, don't change existing value
+     * @param evict if false, the table is in creation mode.
+     * @return previous value, or null if none
+     */
+    final V putVal(int hash, K key, V value, boolean onlyIfAbsent,
+                   boolean evict) {
+        XNode<K,V>[] tab; XNode<K,V> tp; int n, i;
+        if ((tab = table) == null || (n = tab.length) == 0)
+            n = (tab = resize()).length;
+        if ((tp = tab[i = (n - 1) & hash]).isEmpty()) {
+            tab[i] = new XNode(hash, key, value, null);
+        } else {
+            Node<K,V> e; K k;
+            if (tp.hash == hash &&
+                ((k = tp.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) {
+                if (!onlyIfAbsent || tp.value == null) {
+                    tab[i] = new XNode(hash, k, value, tp.next);
+                }
+                return tp.value;
+            } else if ((e = tp.next) == null) {
+                Node<K,V> x = newNode(hash, key, value, null);
+                tab[i] = new XNode(tp.hash, tp.key, tp.value, x);
+            } else if (e instanceof TreeNode) {
+                e = ((TreeNode<K, V>) e).putTreeVal(this, tab, hash, key, value);
+            } else {
+                for (int binCount = 0; ; ++binCount) {
+                    if (e.hash == hash &&
+                            ((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
+                        break;
+                    Node<K,V> p = e;
+                    if ((e = p.next) == null) {
+                        p.next = newNode(hash, key, value, null);
+                        if (binCount >= TREEIFY_THRESHOLD - 1) // -1 for 1st
+                            treeifyBin(tab, hash);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (e != null) { // existing mapping for key
+                V oldValue = e.value;
+                if (!onlyIfAbsent || oldValue == null)
+                    e.value = value;
+                return oldValue;
+            }
+        }
+
+        ++modCount;
+        if (++size > threshold)
+            resize();
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Initializes or doubles table size.  If null, allocates in
+     * accord with initial capacity target held in field threshold.
+     * Otherwise, because we are using power-of-two expansion, the
+     * elements from each bin must either stay at same index, or move
+     * with a power of two offset in the new table.
+     *
+     * @return the table
+     */
+    final XNode<K,V>[] resize() {
+        XNode<K,V>[] oldTab = table;
+        int oldCap = (oldTab == null) ? 0 : oldTab.length;
+        int oldThr = threshold;
+        int newCap, newThr = 0;
+        if (oldCap > 0) {
+            if (oldCap >= MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) {
+                threshold = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+                return oldTab;
+            }
+            else if ((newCap = oldCap << 1) < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY &&
+                     oldCap >= DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY)
+                newThr = oldThr << 1; // double threshold
+        }
+        else if (oldThr > 0) // initial capacity was placed in threshold
+            newCap = oldThr;
+        else {               // zero initial threshold signifies using defaults
+            newCap = DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY;
+            newThr = (int)(DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR * DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY);
+        }
+        if (newThr == 0) {
+            float ft = (float)newCap * loadFactor;
+            newThr = (newCap < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY && ft < (float)MAXIMUM_CAPACITY ?
+                      (int)ft : Integer.MAX_VALUE);
+        }
+        threshold = newThr;
+        @SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes","unchecked"})
+        XNode<K,V>[] newTab = (XNode<K,V>[])new XNode[newCap];
+        table = newTab;
+        if (oldTab != null) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < oldCap; ++j) {
+                XNode<K,V> x;
+                Node<K,V> e;
+                if (!(x = oldTab[j]).isEmpty()) {
+                    oldTab[j] = emptyXNode();
+                    if ((e = x.next) == null)
+                        newTab[x.hash & (newCap - 1)] = new XNode(x.hash, x.key, x.value, null);
+                    else if (e instanceof TreeNode)
+                        ((TreeNode<K,V>)e).split(this, newTab, j, oldCap);
+                    else { // preserve order
+                        Node<K,V> loHead = null, loTail = null;
+                        Node<K,V> hiHead = null, hiTail = null;
+                        Node<K,V> next;
+                        do {
+                            next = e.next;
+                            if ((e.hash & oldCap) == 0) {
+                                if (loTail == null)
+                                    loHead = e;
+                                else
+                                    loTail.next = e;
+                                loTail = e;
+                            }
+                            else {
+                                if (hiTail == null)
+                                    hiHead = e;
+                                else
+                                    hiTail.next = e;
+                                hiTail = e;
+                            }
+                        } while ((e = next) != null);
+                        if (loTail != null)
+                            loTail.next = null;
+                        if (hiTail != null)
+                            hiTail.next = null;
+
+                        newTab[j] = (j == (x.hash & (newCap - 1)))
+                                ? new XNode(x.hash, x.key, x.value, loHead)
+                                : ((loHead != null)
+                                ? new XNode(loHead.hash, loHead.key, loHead.value, loHead.next) :
+                                emptyXNode());
+
+                        newTab[j + oldCap] = ((j + oldCap) == (x.hash & (newCap - 1)))
+                                ? new XNode(x.hash, x.key, x.value, hiHead)
+                                : ((hiHead != null)
+                                ? new XNode(hiHead.hash, hiHead.key, hiHead.value, hiHead.next) :
+                                emptyXNode());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return newTab;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Replaces all linked nodes in bin at index for given hash unless
+     * table is too small, in which case resizes instead.
+     */
+    final void treeifyBin(XNode<K,V>[] tab, int hash) {
+//        int n, index; Node<K,V> e;
+//        if (tab == null || (n = tab.length) < MIN_TREEIFY_CAPACITY)
+//            resize();
+//        else if ((e = tab[index = (n - 1) & hash]) != null) {
+//            TreeNode<K,V> hd = null, tl = null;
+//            do {
+//                TreeNode<K,V> p = replacementTreeNode(e, null);
+//                if (tl == null)
+//                    hd = p;
+//                else {
+//                    p.prev = tl;
+//                    tl.next = p;
+//                }
+//                tl = p;
+//            } while ((e = e.next) != null);
+//            if ((tab[index] = hd) != null)
+//                hd.treeify(tab);
+//        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Copies all of the mappings from the specified map to this map.
+     * These mappings will replace any mappings that this map had for
+     * any of the keys currently in the specified map.
+     *
+     * @param m mappings to be stored in this map
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified map is null
+     */
+    public void putAll(Map<? extends K, ? extends V> m) {
+        putMapEntries(m, true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes the mapping for the specified key from this map if present.
+     *
+     * @param  key key whose mapping is to be removed from the map
+     * @return the previous value associated with {@code key}, or
+     *         {@code null} if there was no mapping for {@code key}.
+     *         (A {@code null} return can also indicate that the map
+     *         previously associated {@code null} with {@code key}.)
+     */
+    public V remove(Object key) {
+        Optional<V> o = removeNode(hash(key), key, null, false, true);
+        return o.orElse(null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Implements Map.remove and related methods.
+     *
+     * @param hash hash for key
+     * @param key the key
+     * @param value the value to match if matchValue, else ignored
+     * @param matchValue if true only remove if value is equal
+     * @param movable if false do not move other nodes while removing
+     * @return the node, or null if none
+     */
+    final Optional<V> removeNode(int hash, Object key, Object value,
+                               boolean matchValue, boolean movable) {
+        XNode<K,V>[] tab; XNode<K,V> te; int n, index;
+        if ((tab = table) != null && (n = tab.length) > 0 &&
+            !(te = tab[index = (n - 1) & hash]).isEmpty()) {
+            Node<K,V> node = null, e; K k; V v = null;
+            if (te.hash == hash &&
+                ((k = te.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) {
+                if ((!matchValue || (v = te.value) == value ||
+                        (value != null && value.equals(v)))) {
+                    tab[index] = ((e = te.next) == null)
+                            ? emptyXNode()
+                            : new XNode(hash, e.key, e.value, e.next);
+                    ++modCount;
+                    --size;
+                    return Optional.ofNullable(v);
+                }
+            } else if ((e = te.next) != null) {
+                Node<K,V> p = null;
+                if (e instanceof TreeNode)
+                    node = ((TreeNode<K,V>)e).getTreeNode(hash, key);
+                else {
+                    do {
+                        if (e.hash == hash &&
+                            ((k = e.key) == key ||
+                             (key != null && key.equals(k)))) {
+                            node = e;
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        p = e;
+                    } while ((e = e.next) != null);
+                }
+
+                if (node != null && (!matchValue || (v = node.value) == value ||
+                                     (value != null && value.equals(v)))) {
+                    if (node instanceof TreeNode)
+                        ((TreeNode<K,V>)node).removeTreeNode(this, tab, movable);
+                    else if (p == null)
+                        tab[index] = new XNode(hash, node.key, node.value, node.next);
+                    else
+                        p.next = node.next;
+                    ++modCount;
+                    --size;
+                    return Optional.of(node.value);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return Optional.empty();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes all of the mappings from this map.
+     * The map will be empty after this call returns.
+     */
+    public void clear() {
+        modCount++;
+        if (table != null && size > 0) {
+            size = 0;
+            table = null;
+            threshold = 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns {@code true} if this map maps one or more keys to the
+     * specified value.
+     *
+     * @param value value whose presence in this map is to be tested
+     * @return {@code true} if this map maps one or more keys to the
+     *         specified value
+     */
+    public boolean containsValue(Object value) {
+        XNode<K,V>[] tab; V v;
+        if ((tab = table) != null && size > 0) {
+            for (XNode<K,V> te : tab) {
+                if (!te.isEmpty()) {
+                    if ((v = te.value) == value ||
+                            (value != null && value.equals(v)))
+                        return true;
+                    for (Node<K, V> e = te.next; e != null; e = e.next) {
+                        if ((v = e.value) == value ||
+                                (value != null && value.equals(v)))
+                            return true;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a {@link Set} view of the keys contained in this map.
+     * The set is backed by the map, so changes to the map are
+     * reflected in the set, and vice-versa.  If the map is modified
+     * while an iteration over the set is in progress (except through
+     * the iterator's own {@code remove} operation), the results of
+     * the iteration are undefined.  The set supports element removal,
+     * which removes the corresponding mapping from the map, via the
+     * {@code Iterator.remove}, {@code Set.remove},
+     * {@code removeAll}, {@code retainAll}, and {@code clear}
+     * operations.  It does not support the {@code add} or {@code addAll}
+     * operations.
+     *
+     * @return a set view of the keys contained in this map
+     */
+    public Set<K> keySet() {
+        Set<K> ks = keySet;
+        if (ks == null) {
+            ks = new KeySet();
+            keySet = ks;
+        }
+        return ks;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Prepares the array for {@link Collection#toArray(Object[])} implementation.
+     * If supplied array is smaller than this map size, a new array is allocated.
+     * If supplied array is bigger than this map size, a null is written at size index.
+     *
+     * @param a an original array passed to {@code toArray()} method
+     * @param <T> type of array elements
+     * @return an array ready to be filled and returned from {@code toArray()} method.
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    final <T> T[] prepareArray(T[] a) {
+        int size = this.size;
+        if (a.length < size) {
+            return (T[]) java.lang.reflect.Array
+                    .newInstance(a.getClass().getComponentType(), size);
+        }
+        if (a.length > size) {
+            a[size] = null;
+        }
+        return a;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Fills an array with this map keys and returns it. This method assumes
+     * that input array is big enough to fit all the keys. Use
+     * {@link #prepareArray(Object[])} to ensure this.
+     *
+     * @param a an array to fill
+     * @param <T> type of array elements
+     * @return supplied array
+     */
+    <T> T[] keysToArray(T[] a) {
+        Object[] r = a;
+        XNode<K,V>[] tab;
+        int idx = 0;
+        int i = 0;
+        if (size > 0 && (tab = table) != null) {
+            for (XNode<K,V> te : tab) {
+                if (!te.isEmpty()) {
+                    r[idx++] = te.key;
+                    for (Node<K, V> e = te.next; e != null; e = e.next) {
+                        r[idx++] = e.key;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return a;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Fills an array with this map values and returns it. This method assumes
+     * that input array is big enough to fit all the values. Use
+     * {@link #prepareArray(Object[])} to ensure this.
+     *
+     * @param a an array to fill
+     * @param <T> type of array elements
+     * @return supplied array
+     */
+    <T> T[] valuesToArray(T[] a) {
+        Object[] r = a;
+        XNode<K,V>[] tab;
+        int idx = 0;
+        if (size > 0 && (tab = table) != null) {
+            for (XNode<K,V> te : tab) {
+                if (!te.isEmpty()) {
+                    r[idx++] = te.value;
+                    for (Node<K, V> e = te.next; e != null; e = e.next) {
+                        r[idx++] = e.value;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return a;
+    }
+
+    final class KeySet extends AbstractSet<K> {
+        public final int size()                 { return size; }
+        public final void clear()               { XHashMap.this.clear(); }
+        public final Iterator<K> iterator()     { return new KeyIterator(); }
+        public final boolean contains(Object o) { return containsKey(o); }
+        public final boolean remove(Object key) {
+            return removeNode(hash(key), key, null, false, true).isPresent();
+        }
+
+        public Object[] toArray() {
+            return keysToArray(new Object[size]);
+        }
+
+        public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a) {
+            return keysToArray(prepareArray(a));
+        }
+
+        public final void forEach(Consumer<? super K> action) {
+            XNode<K,V>[] tab;
+            if (action == null)
+                throw new NullPointerException();
+            if (size > 0 && (tab = table) != null) {
+                int mc = modCount;
+                for (XNode<K,V> te : tab) {
+                    if (!te.isEmpty()) {
+                        action.accept(te.key);
+                        for (Node<K, V> e = te.next; e != null; e = e.next)
+                            action.accept(e.key);
+                    }
+                }
+                if (modCount != mc)
+                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a {@link Collection} view of the values contained in this map.
+     * The collection is backed by the map, so changes to the map are
+     * reflected in the collection, and vice-versa.  If the map is
+     * modified while an iteration over the collection is in progress
+     * (except through the iterator's own {@code remove} operation),
+     * the results of the iteration are undefined.  The collection
+     * supports element removal, which removes the corresponding
+     * mapping from the map, via the {@code Iterator.remove},
+     * {@code Collection.remove}, {@code removeAll},
+     * {@code retainAll} and {@code clear} operations.  It does not
+     * support the {@code add} or {@code addAll} operations.
+     *
+     * @return a view of the values contained in this map
+     */
+    public Collection<V> values() {
+        Collection<V> vs = values;
+        if (vs == null) {
+            vs = new Values();
+            values = vs;
+        }
+        return vs;
+    }
+
+    final class Values extends AbstractCollection<V> {
+        public final int size()                 { return size; }
+        public final void clear()               { XHashMap.this.clear(); }
+        public final Iterator<V> iterator()     { return new ValueIterator(); }
+        public final boolean contains(Object o) { return containsValue(o); }
+
+        public Object[] toArray() {
+            return valuesToArray(new Object[size]);
+        }
+
+        public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a) {
+            return valuesToArray(prepareArray(a));
+        }
+
+        public final void forEach(Consumer<? super V> action) {
+            XNode<K,V>[] tab;
+            if (action == null)
+                throw new NullPointerException();
+            if (size > 0 && (tab = table) != null) {
+                int mc = modCount;
+                for (XNode<K,V> te : tab) {
+                    if (!te.isEmpty()) {
+                        action.accept(te.value);
+                        for (Node<K, V> e = te.next; e != null; e = e.next)
+                            action.accept(e.value);
+                    }
+                }
+                if (modCount != mc)
+                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a {@link Set} view of the mappings contained in this map.
+     * The set is backed by the map, so changes to the map are
+     * reflected in the set, and vice-versa.  If the map is modified
+     * while an iteration over the set is in progress (except through
+     * the iterator's own {@code remove} operation, or through the
+     * {@code setValue} operation on a map entry returned by the
+     * iterator) the results of the iteration are undefined.  The set
+     * supports element removal, which removes the corresponding
+     * mapping from the map, via the {@code Iterator.remove},
+     * {@code Set.remove}, {@code removeAll}, {@code retainAll} and
+     * {@code clear} operations.  It does not support the
+     * {@code add} or {@code addAll} operations.
+     *
+     * @return a set view of the mappings contained in this map
+     */
+    public Set<Map.Entry<K,V>> entrySet() {
+        Set<Map.Entry<K,V>> es;
+        return (es = entrySet) == null ? (entrySet = new EntrySet()) : es;
+    }
+
+    final class EntrySet extends AbstractSet<Map.Entry<K,V>> {
+        public final int size()                 { return size; }
+        public final void clear()               { XHashMap.this.clear(); }
+        public final Iterator<Map.Entry<K,V>> iterator() {
+            return new EntryIterator();
+        }
+        public final boolean contains(Object o) {
+            if (!(o instanceof Map.Entry))
+                return false;
+            Map.Entry<?,?> e = (Map.Entry<?,?>) o;
+            Object key = e.getKey();
+            Node<K,V> candidate = getNode(hash(key), key);
+            return candidate != null && candidate.equals(e);
+        }
+        public final boolean remove(Object o) {
+            if (o instanceof Map.Entry) {
+                Map.Entry<?,?> e = (Map.Entry<?,?>) o;
+                Object key = e.getKey();
+                Object value = e.getValue();
+                return removeNode(hash(key), key, value, true, true).isPresent();
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+        public final void forEach(Consumer<? super Map.Entry<K,V>> action) {
+            XNode<K,V>[] tab;
+            if (action == null)
+                throw new NullPointerException();
+            if (size > 0 && (tab = table) != null) {
+                int mc = modCount;
+                for (XNode<K,V> te : tab) {
+                    if (!te.isEmpty()) {
+                        action.accept(new XNodeWrapper(te.hash & (tab.length - 1)));
+                        for (Node<K, V> e = te.next; e != null; e = e.next)
+                            action.accept(e);
+                    }
+                }
+                if (modCount != mc)
+                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Overrides of JDK8 Map extension methods
+
+    @Override
+    public V getOrDefault(Object key, V defaultValue) {
+        Node<K,V> e;
+        return (e = getNode(hash(key), key)) == null ? defaultValue : e.value;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public V putIfAbsent(K key, V value) {
+        return putVal(hash(key), key, value, true, true);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean remove(Object key, Object value) {
+        return removeNode(hash(key), key, value, true, true).isPresent();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean replace(K key, V oldValue, V newValue) {
+        Node<K,V> e; V v;
+        if ((e = getNode(hash(key), key)) != null &&
+            ((v = e.value) == oldValue || (v != null && v.equals(oldValue)))) {
+            e.value = newValue;
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public V replace(K key, V value) {
+        Node<K,V> e;
+        if ((e = getNode(hash(key), key)) != null) {
+            V oldValue = e.value;
+            e.value = value;
+            return oldValue;
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     *
+     * <p>This method will, on a best-effort basis, throw a
+     * {@link ConcurrentModificationException} if it is detected that the
+     * mapping function modifies this map during computation.
+     *
+     * @throws ConcurrentModificationException if it is detected that the
+     * mapping function modified this map
+     */
+    @Override
+    public V computeIfAbsent(K key,
+                             Function<? super K, ? extends V> mappingFunction) {
+        if (mappingFunction == null)
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+        int hash = hash(key);
+        XNode<K,V>[] tab; XNode<K,V> first; int n, i;
+        int binCount = 0;
+        TreeNode<K,V> t = null;
+        Node<K,V> old = null;
+        if (size > threshold || (tab = table) == null ||
+            (n = tab.length) == 0)
+            n = (tab = resize()).length;
+        if (!(first = tab[i = (n - 1) & hash]).isEmpty()) {
+            K k;
+            if (first.hash == hash &&
+                    ((k = first.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) {
+                return first.value;
+            }
+            Node<K,V> e = first.next;
+            if (e instanceof TreeNode)
+                old = (t = (TreeNode<K,V>)e).getTreeNode(hash, key);
+            else {
+                do {
+                    if (e.hash == hash &&
+                            ((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) {
+                        old = e;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    ++binCount;
+                } while ((e = e.next) != null);
+            }
+
+            V oldValue;
+            if (old != null && (oldValue = old.value) != null) {
+                return oldValue;
+            }
+        }
+        int mc = modCount;
+        V v = mappingFunction.apply(key);
+        if (mc != modCount) { throw new ConcurrentModificationException(); }
+        if (v == null) {
+            return null;
+        } else if (old != null) {
+            old.value = v;
+            return v;
+        }
+        else if (t != null)
+            t.putTreeVal(this, tab, hash, key, v);
+        else {
+            Node<K,V> x = (tab[i].isEmpty()) ? null : newNode(hash, key, v, null);
+            tab[i] = new XNode(hash, key, v, x);
+            if (binCount >= TREEIFY_THRESHOLD - 1)
+                treeifyBin(tab, hash);
+        }
+        modCount = mc + 1;
+        ++size;
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     *
+     * <p>This method will, on a best-effort basis, throw a
+     * {@link ConcurrentModificationException} if it is detected that the
+     * remapping function modifies this map during computation.
+     *
+     * @throws ConcurrentModificationException if it is detected that the
+     * remapping function modified this map
+     */
+    @Override
+    public V computeIfPresent(K key,
+                              BiFunction<? super K, ? super V, ? extends V> remappingFunction) {
+        if (remappingFunction == null)
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+        Node<K,V> e; V oldValue;
+        int hash = hash(key);
+        if ((e = getNode(hash, key)) != null &&
+            (oldValue = e.value) != null) {
+            int mc = modCount;
+            V v = remappingFunction.apply(key, oldValue);
+            if (mc != modCount) { throw new ConcurrentModificationException(); }
+            if (v != null) {
+                e.value = v;
+                return v;
+            }
+            else
+                removeNode(hash, key, null, false, true);
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     *
+     * <p>This method will, on a best-effort basis, throw a
+     * {@link ConcurrentModificationException} if it is detected that the
+     * remapping function modifies this map during computation.
+     *
+     * @throws ConcurrentModificationException if it is detected that the
+     * remapping function modified this map
+     */
+    @Override
+    public V compute(K key,
+                     BiFunction<? super K, ? super V, ? extends V> remappingFunction) {
+        if (remappingFunction == null)
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+        int hash = hash(key);
+        XNode<K,V>[] tab; XNode<K,V> first; int n, i;
+        int binCount = 0;
+        TreeNode<K,V> t = null;
+        Node<K,V> old = null;
+        if (size > threshold || (tab = table) == null ||
+            (n = tab.length) == 0)
+            n = (tab = resize()).length;
+        if (!(first = tab[i = (n - 1) & hash]).isEmpty()) {
+            Node<K,V> e = first.next;K k;
+            if (first.hash == hash &&
+                    ((k = first.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) {
+                V v = remappingFunction.apply(k, first.value);
+                tab[i] = new XNode(hash, k, v, e);
+                return v;
+            }
+            if (e instanceof TreeNode)
+                old = (t = (TreeNode<K,V>)e).getTreeNode(hash, key);
+            else {
+                do {
+                    if (e.hash == hash &&
+                        ((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) {
+                        old = e;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    ++binCount;
+                } while ((e = e.next) != null);
+            }
+        }
+        V oldValue = (old == null) ? null : old.value;
+        int mc = modCount;
+        V v = remappingFunction.apply(key, oldValue);
+        if (mc != modCount) { throw new ConcurrentModificationException(); }
+        if (old != null) {
+            if (v != null) {
+                old.value = v;
+            }
+            else
+                removeNode(hash, key, null, false, true);
+        }
+        else if (v != null) {
+            if (t != null)
+                t.putTreeVal(this, tab, hash, key, v);
+            else {
+                Node<K,V> x = (tab[i].isEmpty()) ? null : newNode(hash, key, v, null);
+                tab[i] = new XNode(hash, key, v, x);
+                if (binCount >= TREEIFY_THRESHOLD - 1)
+                    treeifyBin(tab, hash);
+            }
+            modCount = mc + 1;
+            ++size;
+        }
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     *
+     * <p>This method will, on a best-effort basis, throw a
+     * {@link ConcurrentModificationException} if it is detected that the
+     * remapping function modifies this map during computation.
+     *
+     * @throws ConcurrentModificationException if it is detected that the
+     * remapping function modified this map
+     */
+    @Override
+    public V merge(K key, V value,
+                   BiFunction<? super V, ? super V, ? extends V> remappingFunction) {
+        if (value == null || remappingFunction == null)
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+        int hash = hash(key);
+        XNode<K,V>[] tab; XNode<K,V> first; int n, i;
+        int binCount = 0;
+        TreeNode<K,V> t = null;
+        Node<K,V> old = null;
+        if (size > threshold || (tab = table) == null ||
+            (n = tab.length) == 0)
+            n = (tab = resize()).length;
+        if (!(first = tab[i = (n - 1) & hash]).isEmpty()) {
+            Node<K,V> e = first.next;K k;
+            if (first.hash == hash &&
+                    ((k = first.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) {
+                V v = remappingFunction.apply(first.value, value);
+                tab[i] = new XNode(hash, k, v, e);
+                return v;
+            }
+            if (e instanceof TreeNode)
+                old = (t = (TreeNode<K,V>)e).getTreeNode(hash, key);
+            else {
+                do {
+                    if (e.hash == hash &&
+                        ((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) {
+                        old = e;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    ++binCount;
+                } while ((e = e.next) != null);
+            }
+        }
+        if (old != null) {
+            V v;
+            if (old.value != null) {
+                int mc = modCount;
+                v = remappingFunction.apply(old.value, value);
+                if (mc != modCount) {
+                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+                }
+            } else {
+                v = value;
+            }
+            if (v != null) {
+                old.value = v;
+            }
+            else
+                removeNode(hash, key, null, false, true);
+            return v;
+        } else {
+            if (t != null)
+                t.putTreeVal(this, tab, hash, key, value);
+            else {
+                Node<K,V> x = (tab[i].isEmpty()) ? null
+                        : newNode(hash, tab[i].key, tab[i].value, null);
+                tab[i] = new XNode(hash, key, value, x);
+                if (binCount >= TREEIFY_THRESHOLD - 1)
+                    treeifyBin(tab, hash);
+            }
+            ++modCount;
+            ++size;
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void forEach(BiConsumer<? super K, ? super V> action) {
+        XNode<K,V>[] tab;
+        if (action == null)
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+        if (size > 0 && (tab = table) != null) {
+            int mc = modCount;
+            for (XNode<K,V> te : tab) {
+                if (!te.isEmpty()) {
+                    action.accept(te.key, te.value);
+                    for (Node<K, V> e = te.next; e != null; e = e.next)
+                        action.accept(e.key, e.value);
+                }
+            }
+            if (modCount != mc)
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void replaceAll(BiFunction<? super K, ? super V, ? extends V> function) {
+        XNode<K,V>[] tab;
+        if (function == null)
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+        if (size > 0 && (tab = table) != null) {
+            int mc = modCount;
+            for (XNode<K,V> te : tab) {
+                if (!te.isEmpty()) {
+                    V v = function.apply(te.key, te.value);
+                    tab[te.hash & (tab.length -1)] = new XNode(te.hash, te.key, v, te.next);
+                    for (Node<K, V> e = te.next; e != null; e = e.next)
+                        e.value = function.apply(e.key, e.value);
+                }
+            }
+            if (modCount != mc)
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
+    // Cloning and serialization
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a shallow copy of this {@code HashMap} instance: the keys and
+     * values themselves are not cloned.
+     *
+     * @return a shallow copy of this map
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    @Override
+    public Object clone() {
+        XHashMap<K,V> result;
+        try {
+            result = (XHashMap<K,V>)super.clone();
+        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
+            // this shouldn't happen, since we are Cloneable
+            throw new InternalError(e);
+        }
+        result.reinitialize();
+        result.putMapEntries(this, false);
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    // These methods are also used when serializing HashSets
+    final float loadFactor() { return loadFactor; }
+    final int capacity() {
+        return (table != null) ? table.length :
+            (threshold > 0) ? threshold :
+            DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Saves this map to a stream (that is, serializes it).
+     *
+     * @param s the stream
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
+     * @serialData The <i>capacity</i> of the HashMap (the length of the
+     *             bucket array) is emitted (int), followed by the
+     *             <i>size</i> (an int, the number of key-value
+     *             mappings), followed by the key (Object) and value (Object)
+     *             for each key-value mapping.  The key-value mappings are
+     *             emitted in no particular order.
+     */
+    private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)
+        throws IOException {
+        int buckets = capacity();
+        // Write out the threshold, loadfactor, and any hidden stuff
+        s.defaultWriteObject();
+        s.writeInt(buckets);
+        s.writeInt(size);
+        internalWriteEntries(s);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reconstitutes this map from a stream (that is, deserializes it).
+     * @param s the stream
+     * @throws ClassNotFoundException if the class of a serialized object
+     *         could not be found
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
+     */
+    private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s)
+        throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
+        // Read in the threshold (ignored), loadfactor, and any hidden stuff
+        s.defaultReadObject();
+        reinitialize();
+        if (loadFactor <= 0 || Float.isNaN(loadFactor))
+            throw new InvalidObjectException("Illegal load factor: " +
+                                             loadFactor);
+        s.readInt();                // Read and ignore number of buckets
+        int mappings = s.readInt(); // Read number of mappings (size)
+        if (mappings < 0)
+            throw new InvalidObjectException("Illegal mappings count: " +
+                                             mappings);
+        else if (mappings > 0) { // (if zero, use defaults)
+            // Size the table using given load factor only if within
+            // range of 0.25...4.0
+            float lf = Math.min(Math.max(0.25f, loadFactor), 4.0f);
+            float fc = (float)mappings / lf + 1.0f;
+            int cap = ((fc < DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY) ?
+                       DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY :
+                       (fc >= MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) ?
+                       MAXIMUM_CAPACITY :
+                       tableSizeFor((int)fc));
+            float ft = (float)cap * lf;
+            threshold = ((cap < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY && ft < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) ?
+                         (int)ft : Integer.MAX_VALUE);
+
+            // Check Map.Entry[].class since it's the nearest public type to
+            // what we're actually creating.
+            @SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes","unchecked"})
+            XNode<K,V>[] tab = (XNode<K,V>[])new XNode[cap];
+            table = tab;
+
+            // Read the keys and values, and put the mappings in the HashMap
+            for (int i = 0; i < mappings; i++) {
+                @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+                    K key = (K) s.readObject();
+                @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+                    V value = (V) s.readObject();
+                putVal(hash(key), key, value, false, false);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
+    // iterators
+
+    static final Node<?,?> START_INDEX = new Node(0, null, null, null);
+
+    abstract class HashIterator {
+        Node<K,V> next;        // next entry to return
+        Node<K,V> current;     // current entry
+        int expectedModCount;  // for fast-fail
+        int index;             // current slot
+
+
+        HashIterator() {
+            expectedModCount = modCount;
+            XNode<K,V>[] t = table;
+            current = next = null;
+            index = 0;
+            if (t != null && size > 0) { // advance to first entry
+                XNode<K,V> n = emptyXNode();
+                for (; index < t.length && (n = t[index]).isEmpty(); index++) {
+                }
+                next = (Node<K,V>)START_INDEX;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public final boolean hasNext() {
+            return next != null;
+        }
+
+        final Entry<K,V> nextNode() {
+            XNode<K,V>[] t;
+            Node<K,V> e = next;
+            if (modCount != expectedModCount)
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+            if (e == null)
+                throw new NoSuchElementException();
+            if ((next = (current = e).next) == null && (t = table) != null) {
+                var ret = (e == START_INDEX) ? new XNodeWrapper(index++) : e;
+                for (; index < t.length && (t[index]).isEmpty(); index++) { }
+                next = (index < t.length) ? (Node<K, V>) START_INDEX : null;
+                return ret;
+            }
+            return e;
+        }
+
+        public final void remove() {
+            Node<K,V> p = current;
+            if (p == null)
+                throw new IllegalStateException();
+            if (modCount != expectedModCount)
+                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
+            current = null;
+            removeNode(p.hash, p.key, null, false, false);
+            expectedModCount = modCount;
+        }
+    }
+
+    final class KeyIterator extends HashIterator
+        implements Iterator<K> {
+        public final K next() { return nextNode().getKey(); }
+    }
+
+    final class ValueIterator extends HashIterator
+        implements Iterator<V> {
+        public final V next() { return nextNode().getValue(); }
+    }
+
+    final class EntryIterator extends HashIterator
+        implements Iterator<Map.Entry<K,V>> {
+        public final Map.Entry<K,V> next() { return nextNode(); }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * The following package-protected methods are designed to be
+     * overridden by LinkedHashMap, but not by any other subclass.
+     * Nearly all other internal methods are also package-protected
+     * but are declared final, so can be used by LinkedHashMap, view
+     * classes, and HashSet.
+     */
+
+    // Create a regular (non-tree) node
+    Node<K,V> newNode(int hash, K key, V value, Node<K,V> next) {
+        return new Node<>(hash, key, value, next);
+    }
+
+    // For conversion from TreeNodes to plain nodes
+    Node<K,V> replacementNode(Node<K,V> p, Node<K,V> next) {
+        return new Node<>(p.hash, p.key, p.value, next);
+    }
+
+    // Create a tree bin node
+    TreeNode<K,V> newTreeNode(int hash, K key, V value, Node<K,V> next) {
+        return new TreeNode<>(hash, key, value, next);
+    }
+
+    // For treeifyBin
+    TreeNode<K,V> replacementTreeNode(Node<K,V> p, Node<K,V> next) {
+        return new TreeNode<>(p.hash, p.key, p.value, next);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reset to initial default state.  Called by clone and readObject.
+     */
+    void reinitialize() {
+        table = null;
+        entrySet = null;
+        keySet = null;
+        values = null;
+        modCount = 0;
+        threshold = 0;
+        size = 0;
+    }
+
+    // Called only from writeObject, to ensure compatible ordering.
+    void internalWriteEntries(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s) throws IOException {
+        XNode<K,V>[] tab;
+        if (size > 0 && (tab = table) != null) {
+            for (XNode<K,V> te : tab) {
+                if (!te.isEmpty()) {
+                    s.writeObject(te.key);
+                    s.writeObject(te.value);
+
+                    for (Node<K, V> e = te.next; e != null; e = e.next) {
+                        s.writeObject(e.key);
+                        s.writeObject(e.value);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
+    // Tree bins
+
+    /**
+     * Entry for Tree bins. Extends LinkedHashMap.Entry (which in turn
+     * extends Node) so can be used as extension of either regular or
+     * linked node.
+     */
+    static final class TreeNode<K,V> extends Node<K,V> {
+        TreeNode<K,V> parent;  // red-black tree links
+        TreeNode<K,V> left;
+        TreeNode<K,V> right;
+        TreeNode<K,V> prev;    // needed to unlink next upon deletion
+        boolean red;
+        TreeNode(int hash, K key, V val, Node<K,V> next) {
+            super(hash, key, val, next);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns root of tree containing this node.
+         */
+        final TreeNode<K,V> root() {
+            for (TreeNode<K,V> r = this, p;;) {
+                if ((p = r.parent) == null)
+                    return r;
+                r = p;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Ensures that the given root is the first node of its bin.
+         */
+        static <K,V> void moveRootToFront(Node<K,V>[] tab, TreeNode<K,V> root) {
+            int n;
+            if (root != null && tab != null && (n = tab.length) > 0) {
+                int index = (n - 1) & root.hash;
+                TreeNode<K,V> first = (TreeNode<K,V>)tab[index];
+                if (root != first) {
+                    Node<K,V> rn;
+                    tab[index] = root;
+                    TreeNode<K,V> rp = root.prev;
+                    if ((rn = root.next) != null)
+                        ((TreeNode<K,V>)rn).prev = rp;
+                    if (rp != null)
+                        rp.next = rn;
+                    if (first != null)
+                        first.prev = root;
+                    root.next = first;
+                    root.prev = null;
+                }
+                assert checkInvariants(root);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Finds the node starting at root p with the given hash and key.
+         * The kc argument caches comparableClassFor(key) upon first use
+         * comparing keys.
+         */
+        final TreeNode<K,V> find(int h, Object k, Class<?> kc) {
+            TreeNode<K,V> p = this;
+            do {
+                int ph, dir; K pk;
+                TreeNode<K,V> pl = p.left, pr = p.right, q;
+                if ((ph = p.hash) > h)
+                    p = pl;
+                else if (ph < h)
+                    p = pr;
+                else if ((pk = p.key) == k || (k != null && k.equals(pk)))
+                    return p;
+                else if (pl == null)
+                    p = pr;
+                else if (pr == null)
+                    p = pl;
+                else if ((kc != null ||
+                          (kc = comparableClassFor(k)) != null) &&
+                         (dir = compareComparables(kc, k, pk)) != 0)
+                    p = (dir < 0) ? pl : pr;
+                else if ((q = pr.find(h, k, kc)) != null)
+                    return q;
+                else
+                    p = pl;
+            } while (p != null);
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Calls find for root node.
+         */
+        final TreeNode<K,V> getTreeNode(int h, Object k) {
+            return ((parent != null) ? root() : this).find(h, k, null);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Tie-breaking utility for ordering insertions when equal
+         * hashCodes and non-comparable. We don't require a total
+         * order, just a consistent insertion rule to maintain
+         * equivalence across rebalancings. Tie-breaking further than
+         * necessary simplifies testing a bit.
+         */
+        static int tieBreakOrder(Object a, Object b) {
+            int d;
+            if (a == null || b == null ||
+                (d = a.getClass().getName().
+                 compareTo(b.getClass().getName())) == 0)
+                d = (System.identityHashCode(a) <= System.identityHashCode(b) ?
+                     -1 : 1);
+            return d;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Forms tree of the nodes linked from this node.
+         */
+        final void treeify(XNode<K,V>[] tab) {
+//            TreeNode<K,V> root = null;
+//            for (TreeNode<K,V> x = this, next; x != null; x = next) {
+//                next = (TreeNode<K,V>)x.next;
+//                x.left = x.right = null;
+//                if (root == null) {
+//                    x.parent = null;
+//                    x.red = false;
+//                    root = x;
+//                }
+//                else {
+//                    K k = x.key;
+//                    int h = x.hash;
+//                    Class<?> kc = null;
+//                    for (TreeNode<K,V> p = root;;) {
+//                        int dir, ph;
+//                        K pk = p.key;
+//                        if ((ph = p.hash) > h)
+//                            dir = -1;
+//                        else if (ph < h)
+//                            dir = 1;
+//                        else if ((kc == null &&
+//                                  (kc = comparableClassFor(k)) == null) ||
+//                                 (dir = compareComparables(kc, k, pk)) == 0)
+//                            dir = tieBreakOrder(k, pk);
+//
+//                        TreeNode<K,V> xp = p;
+//                        if ((p = (dir <= 0) ? p.left : p.right) == null) {
+//                            x.parent = xp;
+//                            if (dir <= 0)
+//                                xp.left = x;
+//                            else
+//                                xp.right = x;
+//                            root = balanceInsertion(root, x);
+//                            break;
+//                        }
+//                    }
+//                }
+//            }
+//            moveRootToFront(tab, root);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns a list of non-TreeNodes replacing those linked from
+         * this node.
+         */
+        final Node<K,V> untreeify(XHashMap<K,V> map) {
+            Node<K,V> hd = null, tl = null;
+            for (Node<K,V> q = this; q != null; q = q.next) {
+                Node<K,V> p = map.replacementNode(q, null);
+                if (tl == null)
+                    hd = p;
+                else
+                    tl.next = p;
+                tl = p;
+            }
+            return hd;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Tree version of putVal.
+         */
+        final TreeNode<K,V> putTreeVal(XHashMap<K,V> map, XNode<K,V>[] tab,
+                                       int h, K k, V v) {
+//            Class<?> kc = null;
+//            boolean searched = false;
+//            TreeNode<K,V> root = (parent != null) ? root() : this;
+//            for (TreeNode<K,V> p = root;;) {
+//                int dir, ph; K pk;
+//                if ((ph = p.hash) > h)
+//                    dir = -1;
+//                else if (ph < h)
+//                    dir = 1;
+//                else if ((pk = p.key) == k || (k != null && k.equals(pk)))
+//                    return p;
+//                else if ((kc == null &&
+//                          (kc = comparableClassFor(k)) == null) ||
+//                         (dir = compareComparables(kc, k, pk)) == 0) {
+//                    if (!searched) {
+//                        TreeNode<K,V> q, ch;
+//                        searched = true;
+//                        if (((ch = p.left) != null &&
+//                             (q = ch.find(h, k, kc)) != null) ||
+//                            ((ch = p.right) != null &&
+//                             (q = ch.find(h, k, kc)) != null))
+//                            return q;
+//                    }
+//                    dir = tieBreakOrder(k, pk);
+//                }
+//
+//                TreeNode<K,V> xp = p;
+//                if ((p = (dir <= 0) ? p.left : p.right) == null) {
+//                    Node<K,V> xpn = xp.next;
+//                    TreeNode<K,V> x = map.newTreeNode(h, k, v, xpn);
+//                    if (dir <= 0)
+//                        xp.left = x;
+//                    else
+//                        xp.right = x;
+//                    xp.next = x;
+//                    x.parent = x.prev = xp;
+//                    if (xpn != null)
+//                        ((TreeNode<K,V>)xpn).prev = x;
+//                    moveRootToFront(tab, balanceInsertion(root, x));
+//                    return null;
+//                }
+//            }
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Removes the given node, that must be present before this call.
+         * This is messier than typical red-black deletion code because we
+         * cannot swap the contents of an interior node with a leaf
+         * successor that is pinned by "next" pointers that are accessible
+         * independently during traversal. So instead we swap the tree
+         * linkages. If the current tree appears to have too few nodes,
+         * the bin is converted back to a plain bin. (The test triggers
+         * somewhere between 2 and 6 nodes, depending on tree structure).
+         */
+        final void removeTreeNode(XHashMap<K,V> map, XNode<K,V>[] tab,
+                                  boolean movable) {
+//            int n;
+//            if (tab == null || (n = tab.length) == 0)
+//                return;
+//            int index = (n - 1) & hash;
+//            TreeNode<K,V> first = (TreeNode<K,V>)tab[index], root = first, rl;
+//            TreeNode<K,V> succ = (TreeNode<K,V>)next, pred = prev;
+//            if (pred == null)
+//                tab[index] = first = succ;
+//            else
+//                pred.next = succ;
+//            if (succ != null)
+//                succ.prev = pred;
+//            if (first == null)
+//                return;
+//            if (root.parent != null)
+//                root = root.root();
+//            if (root == null
+//                || (movable
+//                    && (root.right == null
+//                        || (rl = root.left) == null
+//                        || rl.left == null))) {
+//                tab[index] = first.untreeify(map);  // too small
+//                return;
+//            }
+//            TreeNode<K,V> p = this, pl = left, pr = right, replacement;
+//            if (pl != null && pr != null) {
+//                TreeNode<K,V> s = pr, sl;
+//                while ((sl = s.left) != null) // find successor
+//                    s = sl;
+//                boolean c = s.red; s.red = p.red; p.red = c; // swap colors
+//                TreeNode<K,V> sr = s.right;
+//                TreeNode<K,V> pp = p.parent;
+//                if (s == pr) { // p was s's direct parent
+//                    p.parent = s;
+//                    s.right = p;
+//                }
+//                else {
+//                    TreeNode<K,V> sp = s.parent;
+//                    if ((p.parent = sp) != null) {
+//                        if (s == sp.left)
+//                            sp.left = p;
+//                        else
+//                            sp.right = p;
+//                    }
+//                    if ((s.right = pr) != null)
+//                        pr.parent = s;
+//                }
+//                p.left = null;
+//                if ((p.right = sr) != null)
+//                    sr.parent = p;
+//                if ((s.left = pl) != null)
+//                    pl.parent = s;
+//                if ((s.parent = pp) == null)
+//                    root = s;
+//                else if (p == pp.left)
+//                    pp.left = s;
+//                else
+//                    pp.right = s;
+//                if (sr != null)
+//                    replacement = sr;
+//                else
+//                    replacement = p;
+//            }
+//            else if (pl != null)
+//                replacement = pl;
+//            else if (pr != null)
+//                replacement = pr;
+//            else
+//                replacement = p;
+//            if (replacement != p) {
+//                TreeNode<K,V> pp = replacement.parent = p.parent;
+//                if (pp == null)
+//                    (root = replacement).red = false;
+//                else if (p == pp.left)
+//                    pp.left = replacement;
+//                else
+//                    pp.right = replacement;
+//                p.left = p.right = p.parent = null;
+//            }
+//
+//            TreeNode<K,V> r = p.red ? root : balanceDeletion(root, replacement);
+//
+//            if (replacement == p) {  // detach
+//                TreeNode<K,V> pp = p.parent;
+//                p.parent = null;
+//                if (pp != null) {
+//                    if (p == pp.left)
+//                        pp.left = null;
+//                    else if (p == pp.right)
+//                        pp.right = null;
+//                }
+//            }
+//            if (movable)
+//                moveRootToFront(tab, r);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Splits nodes in a tree bin into lower and upper tree bins,
+         * or untreeifies if now too small. Called only from resize;
+         * see above discussion about split bits and indices.
+         *
+         * @param map the map
+         * @param tab the table for recording bin heads
+         * @param index the index of the table being split
+         * @param bit the bit of hash to split on
+         */
+        final void split(XHashMap<K,V> map, XNode<K,V>[] tab, int index, int bit) {
+//            TreeNode<K,V> b = this;
+//            // Relink into lo and hi lists, preserving order
+//            TreeNode<K,V> loHead = null, loTail = null;
+//            TreeNode<K,V> hiHead = null, hiTail = null;
+//            int lc = 0, hc = 0;
+//            for (TreeNode<K,V> e = b, next; e != null; e = next) {
+//                next = (TreeNode<K,V>)e.next;
+//                e.next = null;
+//                if ((e.hash & bit) == 0) {
+//                    if ((e.prev = loTail) == null)
+//                        loHead = e;
+//                    else
+//                        loTail.next = e;
+//                    loTail = e;
+//                    ++lc;
+//                }
+//                else {
+//                    if ((e.prev = hiTail) == null)
+//                        hiHead = e;
+//                    else
+//                        hiTail.next = e;
+//                    hiTail = e;
+//                    ++hc;
+//                }
+//            }
+//
+//            if (loHead != null) {
+//                if (lc <= UNTREEIFY_THRESHOLD)
+//                    tab[index] = loHead.untreeify(map);
+//                else {
+//                    tab[index] = loHead;
+//                    if (hiHead != null) // (else is already treeified)
+//                        loHead.treeify(tab);
+//                }
+//            }
+//            if (hiHead != null) {
+//                if (hc <= UNTREEIFY_THRESHOLD)
+//                    tab[index + bit] = hiHead.untreeify(map);
+//                else {
+//                    tab[index + bit] = hiHead;
+//                    if (loHead != null)
+//                        hiHead.treeify(tab);
+//                }
+//            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Recursive invariant check
+         */
+        static <K,V> boolean checkInvariants(TreeNode<K,V> t) {
+            TreeNode<K,V> tp = t.parent, tl = t.left, tr = t.right,
+                tb = t.prev, tn = (TreeNode<K,V>)t.next;
+            if (tb != null && tb.next != t)
+                return false;
+            if (tn != null && tn.prev != t)
+                return false;
+            if (tp != null && t != tp.left && t != tp.right)
+                return false;
+            if (tl != null && (tl.parent != t || tl.hash > t.hash))
+                return false;
+            if (tr != null && (tr.parent != t || tr.hash < t.hash))
+                return false;
+            if (t.red && tl != null && tl.red && tr != null && tr.red)
+                return false;
+            if (tl != null && !checkInvariants(tl))
+                return false;
+            if (tr != null && !checkInvariants(tr))
+                return false;
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public void dumpStats(PrintStream out) {
+        out.printf("%s instance: size: %d%n", this.getClass().getName(), this.size());
+        long size = heapSize();
+        long bytesPer = size / this.size();
+        out.printf("    heap size: %d(bytes), avg bytes per entry: %d, table len: %d%n",
+                size, bytesPer, table.length);
+        long[] types = entryTypes();
+        out.printf("    values: %d, empty: %d%n", types[0], types[1]);
+        int[] rehashes = entryRehashes();
+        out.printf("    hash collision histogram: max: %d, %s%n",
+                rehashes.length - 1, Arrays.toString(rehashes));
+    }
+
+    private long[] entryTypes() {
+        long[] counts = new long[3];
+        for (XNode<K,V> te : table) {
+            counts[te.isEmpty() ? 1 : 0]++;
+        }
+        return counts;
+    }
+
+    // Returns a histogram array of the number of rehashs needed to find each key.
+    private int[] entryRehashes() {
+        int[] counts = new int[table.length + 1];
+        XNode<K,V>[] tab = table;
+        for (XNode<K,V> te : tab) {
+            if (!te.isEmpty()) {
+                int count = 0;
+                for (Node<K, V> e = te.next; e != null; e = e.next)
+                    count++;
+                counts[count]++;
+            }
+        }
+
+        int i;
+        for (i = counts.length - 1; i >= 0 && counts[i] == 0; i--) {
+        }
+        counts = Arrays.copyOf(counts, i + 1);
+        return counts;
+    }
+
+    private long heapSize() {
+        long acc = objectSizeMaybe(this);
+        acc += objectSizeMaybe(table);
+
+        XNode<K,V>[] tab = table;
+        for (XNode<K,V> te : tab) {
+            if (!te.isEmpty()) {
+                for (Node<K, V> e = te.next; e != null; e = e.next)
+                    acc += objectSizeMaybe(e);
+            }
+        }
+        return acc;
+    }
+
+    private long objectSizeMaybe(Object o) {
+        try {
+            return (mObjectSize != null)
+                    ? (long)mObjectSize.invoke(null, o)
+                    : 0L;
+        } catch (IllegalAccessException | InvocationTargetException e) {
+            return 0L;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static boolean hasObjectSize = false;
+    private static Method mObjectSize = getObjectSizeMethod();
+
+    private static Method getObjectSizeMethod() {
+        try {
+            Method m = Objects.class.getDeclaredMethod("getObjectSize", Object.class);
+            hasObjectSize = true;
+            return m;
+        } catch (NoSuchMethodException nsme) {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sum/Identity.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sum/Identity.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3c574668b63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sum/Identity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,440 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.sum;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+public class Identity extends SumBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceSum {
+        public int sum();
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt implements InterfaceSum {
+        public final int v0;
+        public IdentityInt(int value) {
+            this.v0 = value;
+        }
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt2_w2_d0 implements InterfaceSum {
+        public final int v0, v1;
+
+        public IdentityInt2_w2_d0(int v0, int v1) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+        }
+
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0 + v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt2_w2_d1 implements InterfaceSum {
+        public final IdentityInt v0, v1;
+
+        public IdentityInt2_w2_d1(IdentityInt v0, IdentityInt v1) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+        }
+
+        public IdentityInt2_w2_d1(int v0, int v1) {
+            this(new IdentityInt(v0), new IdentityInt(v1));
+        }
+
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0.sum() + v1.sum();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt4_w4_d0 implements InterfaceSum {
+        public final int v0, v1, v2, v3;
+
+        public IdentityInt4_w4_d0(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+            this.v2 = v2;
+            this.v3 = v3;
+        }
+
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0 + v1 + v2 + v3;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt4_w4_d1 implements InterfaceSum {
+        public final IdentityInt v0, v1, v2, v3;
+
+        public IdentityInt4_w4_d1(IdentityInt v0, IdentityInt v1, IdentityInt v2, IdentityInt v3) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+            this.v2 = v2;
+            this.v3 = v3;
+        }
+
+        public IdentityInt4_w4_d1(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3) {
+            this(new IdentityInt(v0), new IdentityInt(v1), new IdentityInt(v2), new IdentityInt(v3));
+        }
+
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0.sum() + v1.sum() + v2.sum() + v3.sum();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt4_w2_d1 implements InterfaceSum {
+        public final IdentityInt2_w2_d0 v0, v1;
+
+        public IdentityInt4_w2_d1(IdentityInt2_w2_d0 v0, IdentityInt2_w2_d0 v1) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+        }
+
+        public IdentityInt4_w2_d1(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3) {
+            this(new IdentityInt2_w2_d0(v0, v1), new IdentityInt2_w2_d0(v2, v3));
+        }
+
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0.sum() + v1.sum();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IdentityInt4_w2_d2 implements InterfaceSum {
+
+        public final IdentityInt2_w2_d1 v0, v1;
+
+        public IdentityInt4_w2_d2(IdentityInt2_w2_d1 v0, IdentityInt2_w2_d1 v1) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+        }
+
+        public IdentityInt4_w2_d2(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3) {
+            this(new IdentityInt2_w2_d1(v0, v1), new IdentityInt2_w2_d1(v2, v3));
+        }
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0.sum() + v1.sum();
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class RefState_of_Int extends SizeState {
+        public IdentityInt[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IdentityInt[size * 4];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size * 4];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class RefState_of_Int2_w2_d0 extends SizeState {
+        public IdentityInt2_w2_d0[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IdentityInt2_w2_d0[size * 2];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt2_w2_d0(2 * i, 2 * i + 1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int2_w2_d0 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size * 2];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt2_w2_d0(2 * i, 2 * i + 1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class RefState_of_Int2_w2_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public IdentityInt2_w2_d1[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IdentityInt2_w2_d1[size * 2];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt2_w2_d1(2 * i, 2 * i + 1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int2_w2_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size * 2];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt2_w2_d1(2 * i, 2 * i + 1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class RefState_of_Int4_w4_d0 extends SizeState {
+        public IdentityInt4_w4_d0[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IdentityInt4_w4_d0[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt4_w4_d0(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int4_w4_d0 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt4_w4_d0(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class RefState_of_Int4_w4_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public IdentityInt4_w4_d1[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IdentityInt4_w4_d1[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt4_w4_d1(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int4_w4_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt4_w4_d1(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class RefState_of_Int4_w2_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public IdentityInt4_w2_d1[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IdentityInt4_w2_d1[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt4_w2_d1(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int4_w2_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt4_w2_d1(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class RefState_of_Int4_w2_d2 extends SizeState {
+        public IdentityInt4_w2_d2[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new IdentityInt4_w2_d2[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt4_w2_d2(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int4_w2_d2 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new IdentityInt4_w2_d2(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_interface(InterfaceSum[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_ref_of_Int(IdentityInt[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_ref_of_Int2_w2_d0(IdentityInt2_w2_d0[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_ref_of_Int2_w2_d1(IdentityInt2_w2_d1[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_ref_of_Int4_w4_d0(IdentityInt4_w4_d0[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_ref_of_Int4_w4_d1(IdentityInt4_w4_d1[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_ref_of_Int4_w2_d1(IdentityInt4_w2_d1[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_ref_of_Int4_w2_d2(IdentityInt4_w2_d2[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int(IntState_of_Int st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int2_w2_d0(IntState_of_Int2_w2_d0 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int2_w2_d1(IntState_of_Int2_w2_d1 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int4_w4_d0(IntState_of_Int4_w4_d0 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int4_w4_d1(IntState_of_Int4_w4_d1 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int4_w2_d1(IntState_of_Int4_w2_d1 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int4_w2_d2(IntState_of_Int4_w2_d2 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_ref_of_Int(RefState_of_Int st) {
+        return sum_ref_of_Int(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_ref_of_Int2_w2_d0(RefState_of_Int2_w2_d0 st) {
+        return sum_ref_of_Int2_w2_d0(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_ref_of_Int2_w2_d1(RefState_of_Int2_w2_d1 st) {
+        return sum_ref_of_Int2_w2_d1(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_ref_of_Int4_w4_d0(RefState_of_Int4_w4_d0 st) {
+        return sum_ref_of_Int4_w4_d0(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_ref_of_Int4_w4_d1(RefState_of_Int4_w4_d1 st) {
+        return sum_ref_of_Int4_w4_d1(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_ref_of_Int4_w2_d1(RefState_of_Int4_w2_d1 st) {
+        return sum_ref_of_Int4_w2_d1(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_ref_of_Int4_w2_d2(RefState_of_Int4_w2_d2 st) {
+        return sum_ref_of_Int4_w2_d2(st.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sum/Primitive.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sum/Primitive.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bc7d6105a8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sum/Primitive.java
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.sum;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+public class Primitive extends SumBase {
+
+    public static class PrimitiveState extends SizeState {
+        public int[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new int[size * 4];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = i;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int sum_primitive(int[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int v : src) {
+            s += v;
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void sum(PrimitiveState st) {
+        sum_primitive(st.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sum/SumBase.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sum/SumBase.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..79496c08244
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sum/SumBase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.sum;
+
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Param;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(3)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+public class SumBase {
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static abstract class SizeState {
+
+        @Param({
+                "100",      // tiny size, to fit into all caches and check codegeneration quality
+                "1000000"   // large size, to be out of all caches and memory effects
+        })
+        public int size;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sum/Value.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sum/Value.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..00695288710
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sum/Value.java
@@ -0,0 +1,442 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.sum;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+public class Value extends SumBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceSum {
+        public int sum();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceSum {
+        public final int v0;
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.v0 = value;
+        }
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt2_w2_d0 implements InterfaceSum {
+        public final int v0, v1;
+
+        public ValueInt2_w2_d0(int v0, int v1) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+        }
+
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0 + v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt2_w2_d1 implements InterfaceSum {
+        public final ValueInt v0, v1;
+
+        public ValueInt2_w2_d1(ValueInt v0, ValueInt v1) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+        }
+
+        public ValueInt2_w2_d1(int v0, int v1) {
+            this(new ValueInt(v0), new ValueInt(v1));
+        }
+
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0.sum() + v1.sum();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4_w4_d0 implements InterfaceSum {
+        public final int v0, v1, v2, v3;
+
+        public ValueInt4_w4_d0(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+            this.v2 = v2;
+            this.v3 = v3;
+        }
+
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0 + v1 + v2 + v3;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4_w4_d1 implements InterfaceSum {
+        public final ValueInt v0, v1, v2, v3;
+
+        public ValueInt4_w4_d1(ValueInt v0, ValueInt v1, ValueInt v2, ValueInt v3) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+            this.v2 = v2;
+            this.v3 = v3;
+        }
+
+        public ValueInt4_w4_d1(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3) {
+            this(new ValueInt(v0), new ValueInt(v1), new ValueInt(v2), new ValueInt(v3));
+        }
+
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0.sum() + v1.sum() + v2.sum() + v3.sum();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value  class ValueInt4_w2_d1 implements InterfaceSum {
+        public final ValueInt2_w2_d0 v0, v1;
+
+        public ValueInt4_w2_d1(ValueInt2_w2_d0 v0, ValueInt2_w2_d0 v1) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+        }
+
+        public ValueInt4_w2_d1(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3) {
+            this(new ValueInt2_w2_d0(v0, v1), new ValueInt2_w2_d0(v2, v3));
+        }
+
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0.sum() + v1.sum();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4_w2_d2 implements InterfaceSum {
+
+        public final ValueInt2_w2_d1 v0, v1;
+
+        public ValueInt4_w2_d2(ValueInt2_w2_d1 v0, ValueInt2_w2_d1 v1) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+        }
+
+        public ValueInt4_w2_d2(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3) {
+            this(new ValueInt2_w2_d1(v0, v1), new ValueInt2_w2_d1(v2, v3));
+        }
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0.sum() + v1.sum();
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState_of_Int extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueInt[size * 4];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size * 4];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState_of_Int2_w2_d0 extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt2_w2_d0[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueInt2_w2_d0[size * 2];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt2_w2_d0(2 * i, 2 * i + 1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int2_w2_d0 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size * 2];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt2_w2_d0(2 * i, 2 * i + 1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState_of_Int2_w2_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt2_w2_d1[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueInt2_w2_d1[size * 2];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt2_w2_d1(2 * i, 2 * i + 1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int2_w2_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size * 2];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt2_w2_d1(2 * i, 2 * i + 1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState_of_Int4_w4_d0 extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4_w4_d0[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueInt4_w4_d0[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w4_d0(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int4_w4_d0 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w4_d0(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState_of_Int4_w4_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4_w4_d1[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueInt4_w4_d1[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w4_d1(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int4_w4_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w4_d1(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState_of_Int4_w2_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4_w2_d1[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueInt4_w2_d1[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w2_d1(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int4_w2_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w2_d1(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState_of_Int4_w2_d2 extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4_w2_d2[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new ValueInt4_w2_d2[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w2_d2(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int4_w2_d2 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w2_d2(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_interface(InterfaceSum[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_val_of_Int(ValueInt[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_val_of_Int2_w2_d0(ValueInt2_w2_d0[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_val_of_Int2_w2_d1(ValueInt2_w2_d1[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w4_d0(ValueInt4_w4_d0[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w4_d1(ValueInt4_w4_d1[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w2_d1(ValueInt4_w2_d1[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w2_d2(ValueInt4_w2_d2[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int(IntState_of_Int st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int2_w2_d0(IntState_of_Int2_w2_d0 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int2_w2_d1(IntState_of_Int2_w2_d1 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int4_w4_d0(IntState_of_Int4_w4_d0 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int4_w4_d1(IntState_of_Int4_w4_d1 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int4_w2_d1(IntState_of_Int4_w2_d1 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int4_w2_d2(IntState_of_Int4_w2_d2 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_val_of_Int(ValState_of_Int st) {
+        return sum_val_of_Int(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_val_of_Int2_w2_d0(ValState_of_Int2_w2_d0 st) {
+        return sum_val_of_Int2_w2_d0(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_val_of_Int2_w2_d1(ValState_of_Int2_w2_d1 st) {
+        return sum_val_of_Int2_w2_d1(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w4_d0(ValState_of_Int4_w4_d0 st) {
+        return sum_val_of_Int4_w4_d0(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w4_d1(ValState_of_Int4_w4_d1 st) {
+        return sum_val_of_Int4_w4_d1(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w2_d1(ValState_of_Int4_w2_d1 st) {
+        return sum_val_of_Int4_w2_d1(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w2_d2(ValState_of_Int4_w2_d2 st) {
+        return sum_val_of_Int4_w2_d2(st.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sum/ValueNullFree.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sum/ValueNullFree.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..68923a0ec12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sum/ValueNullFree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,447 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.sum;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class ValueNullFree extends SumBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceSum {
+        public int sum();
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceSum {
+        public final int v0;
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.v0 = value;
+        }
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt2_w2_d0 implements InterfaceSum {
+        public final int v0, v1;
+
+        public ValueInt2_w2_d0(int v0, int v1) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+        }
+
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0 + v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt2_w2_d1 implements InterfaceSum {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public final ValueInt v0, v1;
+
+        public ValueInt2_w2_d1(ValueInt v0, ValueInt v1) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+        }
+
+        public ValueInt2_w2_d1(int v0, int v1) {
+            this(new ValueInt(v0), new ValueInt(v1));
+        }
+
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0.sum() + v1.sum();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4_w4_d0 implements InterfaceSum {
+        public final int v0, v1, v2, v3;
+
+        public ValueInt4_w4_d0(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+            this.v2 = v2;
+            this.v3 = v3;
+        }
+
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0 + v1 + v2 + v3;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4_w4_d1 implements InterfaceSum {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public final ValueInt v0, v1, v2, v3;
+
+        public ValueInt4_w4_d1(ValueInt v0, ValueInt v1, ValueInt v2, ValueInt v3) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+            this.v2 = v2;
+            this.v3 = v3;
+        }
+
+        public ValueInt4_w4_d1(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3) {
+            this(new ValueInt(v0), new ValueInt(v1), new ValueInt(v2), new ValueInt(v3));
+        }
+
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0.sum() + v1.sum() + v2.sum() + v3.sum();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value  class ValueInt4_w2_d1 implements InterfaceSum {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public final ValueInt2_w2_d0 v0, v1;
+
+        public ValueInt4_w2_d1(ValueInt2_w2_d0 v0, ValueInt2_w2_d0 v1) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+        }
+
+        public ValueInt4_w2_d1(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3) {
+            this(new ValueInt2_w2_d0(v0, v1), new ValueInt2_w2_d0(v2, v3));
+        }
+
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0.sum() + v1.sum();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static value class ValueInt4_w2_d2 implements InterfaceSum {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public final ValueInt2_w2_d1 v0, v1;
+
+        public ValueInt4_w2_d2(ValueInt2_w2_d1 v0, ValueInt2_w2_d1 v1) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+        }
+
+        public ValueInt4_w2_d2(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3) {
+            this(new ValueInt2_w2_d1(v0, v1), new ValueInt2_w2_d1(v2, v3));
+        }
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0.sum() + v1.sum();
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState_of_Int extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt.class, size * 4, new ValueInt(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size * 4];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState_of_Int2_w2_d0 extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt2_w2_d0[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt2_w2_d0[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt2_w2_d0.class, size * 2, new ValueInt2_w2_d0(0, 0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt2_w2_d0(2 * i, 2 * i + 1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int2_w2_d0 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size * 2];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt2_w2_d0(2 * i, 2 * i + 1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState_of_Int2_w2_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt2_w2_d1[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt2_w2_d1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt2_w2_d1.class, size * 4, new ValueInt2_w2_d1(0, 0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt2_w2_d1(2 * i, 2 * i + 1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int2_w2_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size * 2];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt2_w2_d1(2 * i, 2 * i + 1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState_of_Int4_w4_d0 extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4_w4_d0[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt4_w4_d0[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt4_w4_d0.class, size, new ValueInt4_w4_d0(0, 0, 0,  0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w4_d0(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int4_w4_d0 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w4_d0(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState_of_Int4_w4_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4_w4_d1[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt4_w4_d1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt4_w4_d1.class, size, new ValueInt4_w4_d1(0, 0, 0,  0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w4_d1(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int4_w4_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w4_d1(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState_of_Int4_w2_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4_w2_d1[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt4_w2_d1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt4_w2_d1.class, size, new ValueInt4_w2_d1(0, 0, 0,  0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w2_d1(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int4_w2_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w2_d1(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState_of_Int4_w2_d2 extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4_w2_d2[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt4_w2_d2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueInt4_w2_d2.class, size, new ValueInt4_w2_d2(0, 0, 0,  0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w2_d2(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int4_w2_d2 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w2_d2(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_interface(InterfaceSum[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_val_of_Int(ValueInt[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_val_of_Int2_w2_d0(ValueInt2_w2_d0[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_val_of_Int2_w2_d1(ValueInt2_w2_d1[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w4_d0(ValueInt4_w4_d0[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w4_d1(ValueInt4_w4_d1[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w2_d1(ValueInt4_w2_d1[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w2_d2(ValueInt4_w2_d2[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int(IntState_of_Int st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int2_w2_d0(IntState_of_Int2_w2_d0 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int2_w2_d1(IntState_of_Int2_w2_d1 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int4_w4_d0(IntState_of_Int4_w4_d0 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int4_w4_d1(IntState_of_Int4_w4_d1 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int4_w2_d1(IntState_of_Int4_w2_d1 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int4_w2_d2(IntState_of_Int4_w2_d2 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_val_of_Int(ValState_of_Int st) {
+        return sum_val_of_Int(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_val_of_Int2_w2_d0(ValState_of_Int2_w2_d0 st) {
+        return sum_val_of_Int2_w2_d0(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_val_of_Int2_w2_d1(ValState_of_Int2_w2_d1 st) {
+        return sum_val_of_Int2_w2_d1(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w4_d0(ValState_of_Int4_w4_d0 st) {
+        return sum_val_of_Int4_w4_d0(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w4_d1(ValState_of_Int4_w4_d1 st) {
+        return sum_val_of_Int4_w4_d1(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w2_d1(ValState_of_Int4_w2_d1 st) {
+        return sum_val_of_Int4_w2_d1(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w2_d2(ValState_of_Int4_w2_d2 st) {
+        return sum_val_of_Int4_w2_d2(st.arr);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sum/ValueNullFreeNonAtomic.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sum/ValueNullFreeNonAtomic.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5d4b4938963
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/sum/ValueNullFreeNonAtomic.java
@@ -0,0 +1,455 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.sum;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.CompilerControl;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED"})
+public class ValueNullFreeNonAtomic extends SumBase {
+
+    public interface InterfaceSum {
+        public int sum();
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt implements InterfaceSum {
+        public final int v0;
+        public ValueInt(int value) {
+            this.v0 = value;
+        }
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt2_w2_d0 implements InterfaceSum {
+        public final int v0, v1;
+
+        public ValueInt2_w2_d0(int v0, int v1) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+        }
+
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0 + v1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt2_w2_d1 implements InterfaceSum {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public final ValueInt v0, v1;
+
+        public ValueInt2_w2_d1(ValueInt v0, ValueInt v1) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+        }
+
+        public ValueInt2_w2_d1(int v0, int v1) {
+            this(new ValueInt(v0), new ValueInt(v1));
+        }
+
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0.sum() + v1.sum();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt4_w4_d0 implements InterfaceSum {
+        public final int v0, v1, v2, v3;
+
+        public ValueInt4_w4_d0(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+            this.v2 = v2;
+            this.v3 = v3;
+        }
+
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0 + v1 + v2 + v3;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt4_w4_d1 implements InterfaceSum {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public final ValueInt v0, v1, v2, v3;
+
+        public ValueInt4_w4_d1(ValueInt v0, ValueInt v1, ValueInt v2, ValueInt v3) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+            this.v2 = v2;
+            this.v3 = v3;
+        }
+
+        public ValueInt4_w4_d1(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3) {
+            this(new ValueInt(v0), new ValueInt(v1), new ValueInt(v2), new ValueInt(v3));
+        }
+
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0.sum() + v1.sum() + v2.sum() + v3.sum();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt4_w2_d1 implements InterfaceSum {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public final ValueInt2_w2_d0 v0, v1;
+
+        public ValueInt4_w2_d1(ValueInt2_w2_d0 v0, ValueInt2_w2_d0 v1) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+        }
+
+        public ValueInt4_w2_d1(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3) {
+            this(new ValueInt2_w2_d0(v0, v1), new ValueInt2_w2_d0(v2, v3));
+        }
+
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0.sum() + v1.sum();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    public static value class ValueInt4_w2_d2 implements InterfaceSum {
+        @NullRestricted
+        public final ValueInt2_w2_d1 v0, v1;
+
+        public ValueInt4_w2_d2(ValueInt2_w2_d1 v0, ValueInt2_w2_d1 v1) {
+            this.v0 = v0;
+            this.v1 = v1;
+        }
+
+        public ValueInt4_w2_d2(int v0, int v1, int v2, int v3) {
+            this(new ValueInt2_w2_d1(v0, v1), new ValueInt2_w2_d1(v2, v3));
+        }
+        public int sum() {
+            return v0.sum() + v1.sum();
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState_of_Int extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt.class, size * 4, new ValueInt(0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size * 4];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState_of_Int2_w2_d0 extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt2_w2_d0[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt2_w2_d0[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt2_w2_d0.class, size * 2, new ValueInt2_w2_d0(0, 0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt2_w2_d0(2 * i, 2 * i + 1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int2_w2_d0 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size * 2];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt2_w2_d0(2 * i, 2 * i + 1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState_of_Int2_w2_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt2_w2_d1[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt2_w2_d1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt2_w2_d1.class, size * 4, new ValueInt2_w2_d1(0, 0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt2_w2_d1(2 * i, 2 * i + 1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int2_w2_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size * 2];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt2_w2_d1(2 * i, 2 * i + 1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState_of_Int4_w4_d0 extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4_w4_d0[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt4_w4_d0[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt4_w4_d0.class, size, new ValueInt4_w4_d0(0, 0, 0,  0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w4_d0(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int4_w4_d0 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w4_d0(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState_of_Int4_w4_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4_w4_d1[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt4_w4_d1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt4_w4_d1.class, size, new ValueInt4_w4_d1(0, 0, 0,  0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w4_d1(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int4_w4_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w4_d1(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState_of_Int4_w2_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4_w2_d1[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt4_w2_d1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt4_w2_d1.class, size, new ValueInt4_w2_d1(0, 0, 0,  0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w2_d1(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int4_w2_d1 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w2_d1(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class ValState_of_Int4_w2_d2 extends SizeState {
+        public ValueInt4_w2_d2[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = (ValueInt4_w2_d2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueInt4_w2_d2.class, size, new ValueInt4_w2_d2(0, 0, 0,  0));
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w2_d2(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class IntState_of_Int4_w2_d2 extends SizeState {
+        public InterfaceSum[] arr;
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new InterfaceSum[size];
+            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new ValueInt4_w2_d2(4 * i, 4 * i + 1, 4 * i + 2, 4 * i + 3);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_interface(InterfaceSum[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_val_of_Int(ValueInt[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_val_of_Int2_w2_d0(ValueInt2_w2_d0[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_val_of_Int2_w2_d1(ValueInt2_w2_d1[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w4_d0(ValueInt4_w4_d0[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w4_d1(ValueInt4_w4_d1[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w2_d1(ValueInt4_w2_d1[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w2_d2(ValueInt4_w2_d2[] src) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (var v : src) {
+            s += v.sum();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int(IntState_of_Int st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int2_w2_d0(IntState_of_Int2_w2_d0 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int2_w2_d1(IntState_of_Int2_w2_d1 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int4_w4_d0(IntState_of_Int4_w4_d0 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int4_w4_d1(IntState_of_Int4_w4_d1 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int4_w2_d1(IntState_of_Int4_w2_d1 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_interface_of_Int4_w2_d2(IntState_of_Int4_w2_d2 st) {
+        return sum_interface(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_val_of_Int(ValState_of_Int st) {
+        return sum_val_of_Int(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_val_of_Int2_w2_d0(ValState_of_Int2_w2_d0 st) {
+        return sum_val_of_Int2_w2_d0(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_val_of_Int2_w2_d1(ValState_of_Int2_w2_d1 st) {
+        return sum_val_of_Int2_w2_d1(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w4_d0(ValState_of_Int4_w4_d0 st) {
+        return sum_val_of_Int4_w4_d0(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w4_d1(ValState_of_Int4_w4_d1 st) {
+        return sum_val_of_Int4_w4_d1(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w2_d1(ValState_of_Int4_w2_d1 st) {
+        return sum_val_of_Int4_w2_d1(st.arr);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int sum_val_of_Int4_w2_d2(ValState_of_Int4_w2_d2 st) {
+        return sum_val_of_Int4_w2_d2(st.arr);
+    }
+
+}

From 33627385f08694530de2577a4e88264294c9b011 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jaikiran Pai <jpai@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 31 Jul 2026 10:32:42 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 375/707] 8389392: Leftover policy files in java.net tests
 after Security Manager removal

Reviewed-by: kevinw, dfuchs
---
 test/jdk/java/net/InetAddress/policy.file             | 10 ----------
 test/jdk/java/net/SetFactoryPermission/policy.fail    |  3 ---
 test/jdk/java/net/SetFactoryPermission/policy.success |  4 ----
 3 files changed, 17 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 test/jdk/java/net/InetAddress/policy.file
 delete mode 100644 test/jdk/java/net/SetFactoryPermission/policy.fail
 delete mode 100644 test/jdk/java/net/SetFactoryPermission/policy.success

diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/InetAddress/policy.file b/test/jdk/java/net/InetAddress/policy.file
deleted file mode 100644
index 449dba5334f..00000000000
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/InetAddress/policy.file
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-grant {
-	permission javax.security.auth.AuthPermission "modifyPrincipals";
-	permission javax.security.auth.AuthPermission "doAsPrivileged";	
-	permission java.util.PropertyPermission "*", "read,write";
-};
-
-grant Principal MyPrincipal "test" { 
-	permission java.net.SocketPermission "${host.name}", "resolve";
-};
-
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/SetFactoryPermission/policy.fail b/test/jdk/java/net/SetFactoryPermission/policy.fail
deleted file mode 100644
index a4c6d11f44f..00000000000
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/SetFactoryPermission/policy.fail
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-grant {
-	
-};
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/SetFactoryPermission/policy.success b/test/jdk/java/net/SetFactoryPermission/policy.success
deleted file mode 100644
index d382afce449..00000000000
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/SetFactoryPermission/policy.success
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-grant {
-	permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "setFactory";
-};
-

From 17ae7267d10f8398e7cc5851e103949f831eb4ed Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jaikiran Pai <jpai@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 31 Jul 2026 11:10:23 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 376/707] 8389498: Enable HttpClient debug logging in
 java/net/httpclient/http2/H2GoAwayPromptConnectionClose.java test

Reviewed-by: djelinski, dfuchs
---
 .../net/httpclient/http2/H2GoAwayPromptConnectionClose.java   | 4 +++-
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/http2/H2GoAwayPromptConnectionClose.java b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/http2/H2GoAwayPromptConnectionClose.java
index b5e534afce9..83237bf76c0 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/http2/H2GoAwayPromptConnectionClose.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/http2/H2GoAwayPromptConnectionClose.java
@@ -74,7 +74,9 @@
  * @build jdk.test.lib.net.SimpleSSLContext jdk.test.lib.RandomFactory jdk.test.lib.net.URIBuilder
  * @comment An arbitrary high value for idle connection timeout to prevent idle
  *          connection management from closing the HTTP/2 connection
- * @run junit/othervm -Djdk.httpclient.keepalive.timeout.h2=36000 ${test.main.class}
+ * @run junit/othervm -Djdk.httpclient.keepalive.timeout.h2=36000
+ *                    -Djdk.internal.httpclient.debug=true
+ *                    ${test.main.class}
  */
 class H2GoAwayPromptConnectionClose {
 

From 6b590fd86df6170d75d4e770ff29e0f799e644dc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Daniel=20Jeli=C5=84ski?= <djelinski@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 31 Jul 2026 11:29:34 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 377/707] 8389395: Use factory method to construct
 SequentialSchedulers

Reviewed-by: dfuchs
---
 .../net/http/BufferingSubscriber.java         |  6 +-
 .../jdk/internal/net/http/HttpConnection.java | 15 ++--
 .../jdk/internal/net/http/PullPublisher.java  |  8 +--
 .../jdk/internal/net/http/SocketTube.java     | 37 +---------
 .../net/http/common/SSLFlowDelegate.java      | 15 +---
 .../net/http/common/SequentialScheduler.java  | 12 ++--
 .../net/http/websocket/TransportImpl.java     | 11 ++-
 .../net/http/websocket/WebSocketImpl.java     |  6 +-
 .../internal/net/http/SSLEchoTubeTest.java    | 69 +++++++++----------
 9 files changed, 63 insertions(+), 116 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/BufferingSubscriber.java b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/BufferingSubscriber.java
index 273f23c1c1c..c52b96ac828 100644
--- a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/BufferingSubscriber.java
+++ b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/BufferingSubscriber.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2017, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ public void request(long n) {
         }
 
         private final SequentialScheduler pushDemandedScheduler =
-                new SequentialScheduler(new PushDemandedTask());
+                SequentialScheduler.lockingScheduler(new PushDemandedTask());
 
         void pushDemanded() {
             if (cancelled.get())
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ void pushDemanded() {
             pushDemandedScheduler.runOrSchedule();
         }
 
-        class PushDemandedTask extends SequentialScheduler.CompleteRestartableTask {
+        class PushDemandedTask implements Runnable {
             @Override
             public void run() {
                 try {
diff --git a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/HttpConnection.java b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/HttpConnection.java
index 0c1388cec8a..611c54a768b 100644
--- a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/HttpConnection.java
+++ b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/HttpConnection.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@
 import jdk.internal.net.http.common.FlowTube;
 import jdk.internal.net.http.common.Logger;
 import jdk.internal.net.http.common.SequentialScheduler;
-import jdk.internal.net.http.common.SequentialScheduler.DeferredCompleter;
 import jdk.internal.net.http.common.Log;
 import jdk.internal.net.http.common.Utils;
 
@@ -554,7 +553,7 @@ final class PlainHttpPublisher implements HttpPublisher {
         volatile Flow.Subscriber<? super List<ByteBuffer>> subscriber;
         volatile HttpWriteSubscription subscription;
         final SequentialScheduler writeScheduler =
-                    new SequentialScheduler(this::flushTask);
+                    SequentialScheduler.lockingScheduler(this::flushTask);
         @Override
         public void subscribe(Flow.Subscriber<? super List<ByteBuffer>> subscriber) {
             synchronized (reading) {
@@ -570,13 +569,9 @@ public void subscribe(Flow.Subscriber<? super List<ByteBuffer>> subscriber) {
             signal();
         }
 
-        void flushTask(DeferredCompleter completer) {
-            try {
-                HttpWriteSubscription sub = subscription;
-                if (sub != null) sub.flush();
-            } finally {
-                completer.complete();
-            }
+        void flushTask() {
+            HttpWriteSubscription sub = subscription;
+            if (sub != null) sub.flush();
         }
 
         void signal() {
diff --git a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/PullPublisher.java b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/PullPublisher.java
index d1019c05629..3b0bcc006c9 100644
--- a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/PullPublisher.java
+++ b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/PullPublisher.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ private class Subscription implements Flow.Subscription {
         private volatile boolean completed;
         private volatile boolean cancelled;
         private volatile Throwable error;
-        final SequentialScheduler pullScheduler = new SequentialScheduler(new PullTask());
+        final SequentialScheduler pullScheduler = SequentialScheduler.lockingScheduler(new PullTask());
         private final Demand demand = new Demand();
 
         Subscription(Flow.Subscriber<? super T> subscriber,
@@ -96,9 +96,9 @@ private class Subscription implements Flow.Subscription {
             this.error = throwable;
         }
 
-        final class PullTask extends SequentialScheduler.CompleteRestartableTask {
+        final class PullTask implements Runnable {
             @Override
-            protected void run() {
+            public void run() {
                 if (completed || cancelled) {
                     return;
                 }
diff --git a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/SocketTube.java b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/SocketTube.java
index ef935b008d3..27b4ef37089 100644
--- a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/SocketTube.java
+++ b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/SocketTube.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,15 +29,12 @@
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Objects;
-import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;
 import java.util.concurrent.Flow;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
 import java.nio.channels.SelectableChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
 import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
-import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
 import java.util.function.Consumer;
 import java.util.function.Supplier;
 import jdk.internal.net.http.common.BufferSupplier;
@@ -46,8 +43,6 @@
 import jdk.internal.net.http.common.Log;
 import jdk.internal.net.http.common.Logger;
 import jdk.internal.net.http.common.SequentialScheduler;
-import jdk.internal.net.http.common.SequentialScheduler.DeferredCompleter;
-import jdk.internal.net.http.common.SequentialScheduler.RestartableTask;
 import jdk.internal.net.http.common.Utils;
 
 /**
@@ -160,34 +155,6 @@ void signalClosed(Throwable cause) {
                 new IOException("connection closed locally", cause));
     }
 
-    /**
-     * A restartable task used to process tasks in sequence.
-     */
-    private static class SocketFlowTask implements RestartableTask {
-        final Runnable task;
-        private final Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
-        SocketFlowTask(Runnable task) {
-            this.task = task;
-        }
-        @Override
-        public final void run(DeferredCompleter taskCompleter) {
-            try {
-                // The logics of the sequential scheduler should ensure that
-                // the restartable task is running in only one thread at
-                // a given time: there should never be contention.
-                boolean locked = lock.tryLock();
-                assert locked : "contention detected in SequentialScheduler";
-                try {
-                    task.run();
-                } finally {
-                    if (locked) lock.unlock();
-                }
-            } finally {
-                taskCompleter.complete();
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
     // This is best effort - there's no guarantee that the printed set of values
     // is consistent. It should only be considered as weakly accurate - in
     // particular in what concerns the events states, especially when displaying
@@ -682,7 +649,7 @@ final class InternalReadSubscription implements Flow.Subscription {
             private final AsyncEvent subscribeEvent;
 
             InternalReadSubscription() {
-                readScheduler = new SequentialScheduler(new SocketFlowTask(this::read));
+                readScheduler = SequentialScheduler.lockingScheduler(this::read);
                 subscribeEvent = new AsyncTriggerEvent(this::signalError,
                                                        this::handleSubscribeEvent);
                 readEvent = new ReadEvent(channel, this);
diff --git a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/common/SSLFlowDelegate.java b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/common/SSLFlowDelegate.java
index 0f97e191b37..2fa166028be 100644
--- a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/common/SSLFlowDelegate.java
+++ b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/common/SSLFlowDelegate.java
@@ -244,17 +244,10 @@ final class Reader extends SubscriberWrapper implements FlowTube.TubeSubscriber
         final ReentrantLock readBufferLock = new ReentrantLock();
         final Logger debugr = Utils.getDebugLogger(this::dbgString, Utils.DEBUG);
 
-        private final class ReaderDownstreamPusher implements Runnable {
-            @Override
-            public void run() {
-                processData();
-            }
-        }
-
         Reader() {
             super();
             scheduler = SequentialScheduler.lockingScheduler(
-                    new ReaderDownstreamPusher());
+                    this::processData);
             this.readBuf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
             readBuf.limit(0); // keep in read mode
         }
@@ -588,14 +581,10 @@ class Writer extends SubscriberWrapper {
         volatile boolean completing;
         boolean completed; // only accessed in processData
 
-        class WriterDownstreamPusher extends SequentialScheduler.CompleteRestartableTask {
-            @Override public void run() { processData(); }
-        }
-
         Writer() {
             super();
             writeList = Collections.synchronizedList(new LinkedList<>());
-            scheduler = new SequentialScheduler(new WriterDownstreamPusher());
+            scheduler = SequentialScheduler.lockingScheduler(this::processData);
         }
 
         @Override
diff --git a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/common/SequentialScheduler.java b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/common/SequentialScheduler.java
index adc77f4d408..f5e896fc901 100644
--- a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/common/SequentialScheduler.java
+++ b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/common/SequentialScheduler.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ TryEndDeferredCompleter that this ("parent") TryEndDeferredCompleter is
      * later time, and maybe in different thread. This type exists for
      * readability purposes at use-sites only.
      */
-    public abstract static class DeferredCompleter {
+    private abstract static class DeferredCompleter {
 
         /** Extensible from this (outer) class ONLY. */
         private DeferredCompleter() { }
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ private DeferredCompleter() { }
      * A restartable task.
      */
     @FunctionalInterface
-    public interface RestartableTask {
+    private interface RestartableTask {
 
         /**
          * The body of the task.
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ public interface RestartableTask {
      * A simple and self-contained task that completes once its {@code run}
      * method returns.
      */
-    public abstract static class CompleteRestartableTask
+    private abstract static class CompleteRestartableTask
         implements RestartableTask
     {
         @Override
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ public final void run(DeferredCompleter taskCompleter) {
      * memory visibility between runs. Since the main loop can't run concurrently,
      * the lock shouldn't be contended and no deadlock should ever be possible.
      */
-    public static final class LockingRestartableTask
+    private static final class LockingRestartableTask
             extends CompleteRestartableTask {
 
         private final Runnable mainLoop;
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ public void run() {
         }
     }
 
-    public SequentialScheduler(RestartableTask restartableTask) {
+    private SequentialScheduler(RestartableTask restartableTask) {
         this.restartableTask = requireNonNull(restartableTask);
         this.completer = new TryEndDeferredCompleter();
         this.schedulableTask = new SchedulableTask();
diff --git a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/websocket/TransportImpl.java b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/websocket/TransportImpl.java
index c78555c8f6e..fa3529a0729 100644
--- a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/websocket/TransportImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/websocket/TransportImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2017, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@
 import jdk.internal.net.http.common.Logger;
 import jdk.internal.net.http.common.MinimalFuture;
 import jdk.internal.net.http.common.SequentialScheduler;
-import jdk.internal.net.http.common.SequentialScheduler.CompleteRestartableTask;
 import jdk.internal.net.http.common.Utils;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
@@ -58,7 +57,7 @@ public class TransportImpl implements Transport {
     /* Used for correlating enters to and exists from a method */
     private final AtomicLong counter = new AtomicLong();
 
-    private final SequentialScheduler sendScheduler = new SequentialScheduler(new SendTask());
+    private final SequentialScheduler sendScheduler = SequentialScheduler.lockingScheduler(new SendTask());
 
     private final MessageQueue queue;
     private final MessageEncoder encoder = new MessageEncoder();
@@ -93,7 +92,7 @@ public TransportImpl(MessageQueue queue, MessageStreamConsumer consumer,
         // To ensure the initial non-final `data` will be visible
         // (happens-before) when `readEvent.handle()` invokes `receiveScheduler`
         // the following assignment is done last:
-        receiveScheduler = new SequentialScheduler(new ReceiveTask());
+        receiveScheduler = SequentialScheduler.lockingScheduler(new ReceiveTask());
     }
 
     private ByteBuffer createWriteBuffer() {
@@ -361,7 +360,7 @@ enum ChannelState {
     }
 
     @SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes"})
-    private class SendTask extends CompleteRestartableTask {
+    private class SendTask implements Runnable {
 
         private final MessageQueue.QueueCallback<Boolean, IOException>
                 encodingCallback = new MessageQueue.QueueCallback<>() {
@@ -654,7 +653,7 @@ private void removeAndComplete(Throwable error) {
         }
     }
 
-    private class ReceiveTask extends CompleteRestartableTask {
+    private class ReceiveTask implements Runnable {
 
         @Override
         public void run() {
diff --git a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/websocket/WebSocketImpl.java b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/websocket/WebSocketImpl.java
index aa9b027e200..98b6a47be58 100644
--- a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/websocket/WebSocketImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/websocket/WebSocketImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ enum State {
     private final AtomicBoolean pendingPingOrPong = new AtomicBoolean();
     private final Transport transport;
     private final SequentialScheduler receiveScheduler
-            = new SequentialScheduler(new ReceiveTask());
+            = SequentialScheduler.lockingScheduler(new ReceiveTask());
     private final Demand demand = new Demand();
     private final Executor clientExecutor;
 
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ public String toString() {
      *     - after the state has been observed as CLOSE/ERROR, the scheduler
      *       is stopped
      */
-    private class ReceiveTask extends SequentialScheduler.CompleteRestartableTask {
+    private class ReceiveTask implements Runnable {
 
         // Transport only asked here and nowhere else because we must make sure
         // onOpen is invoked first and no messages become pending before onOpen
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/whitebox/java.net.http/jdk/internal/net/http/SSLEchoTubeTest.java b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/whitebox/java.net.http/jdk/internal/net/http/SSLEchoTubeTest.java
index 4316a46a25c..3041992ac2a 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/whitebox/java.net.http/jdk/internal/net/http/SSLEchoTubeTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/whitebox/java.net.http/jdk/internal/net/http/SSLEchoTubeTest.java
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ private static final class EchoTube implements FlowTube {
         private final Queue<Object> queue = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();
         private final int maxQueueSize;
         private final SequentialScheduler processingScheduler =
-                new SequentialScheduler(createProcessingTask());
+                SequentialScheduler.lockingScheduler(createProcessingTask());
 
         /* Writing into this tube */
         private volatile long requested;
@@ -360,11 +360,11 @@ public String toString() {
         }
 
         int transmitted = 0;
-        private SequentialScheduler.RestartableTask createProcessingTask() {
-            return new SequentialScheduler.CompleteRestartableTask() {
+        private Runnable createProcessingTask() {
+            return new Runnable() {
 
                 @Override
-                protected void run() {
+                public void run() {
                     try {
                         while (!cancelled.get()) {
                             Object item = queue.peek();
@@ -374,39 +374,36 @@ protected void run() {
                                 requestMore();
                                 return;
                             }
-                            try {
-                                System.out.printf("EchoTube processing item, requested=%s, demand=%s, transmitted=%s%n",
-                                        requested, demand.get(), transmitted);
-                                if (item instanceof List) {
-                                    if (!demand.tryDecrement()) {
-                                        System.out.println("EchoTube no demand");
-                                        return;
-                                    }
-                                    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
-                                    List<ByteBuffer> bytes = (List<ByteBuffer>) item;
-                                    Object removed = queue.remove();
-                                    assert removed == item;
-                                    System.out.println("EchoTube processing "
-                                            + Utils.remaining(bytes));
-                                    transmitted++;
-                                    subscriber.onNext(bytes);
-                                    requestMore();
-                                } else if (item instanceof Throwable) {
-                                    cancelled.set(true);
-                                    Object removed = queue.remove();
-                                    assert removed == item;
-                                    System.out.println("EchoTube processing " + item);
-                                    subscriber.onError((Throwable) item);
-                                } else if (item == EOF) {
-                                    cancelled.set(true);
-                                    Object removed = queue.remove();
-                                    assert removed == item;
-                                    System.out.println("EchoTube processing EOF");
-                                    subscriber.onComplete();
-                                } else {
-                                    throw new InternalError(String.valueOf(item));
+                            System.out.printf("EchoTube processing item, requested=%s, demand=%s, transmitted=%s%n",
+                                    requested, demand.get(), transmitted);
+                            if (item instanceof List) {
+                                if (!demand.tryDecrement()) {
+                                    System.out.println("EchoTube no demand");
+                                    return;
                                 }
-                            } finally {
+                                @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+                                List<ByteBuffer> bytes = (List<ByteBuffer>) item;
+                                Object removed = queue.remove();
+                                assert removed == item;
+                                System.out.println("EchoTube processing "
+                                        + Utils.remaining(bytes));
+                                transmitted++;
+                                subscriber.onNext(bytes);
+                                requestMore();
+                            } else if (item instanceof Throwable) {
+                                cancelled.set(true);
+                                Object removed = queue.remove();
+                                assert removed == item;
+                                System.out.println("EchoTube processing " + item);
+                                subscriber.onError((Throwable) item);
+                            } else if (item == EOF) {
+                                cancelled.set(true);
+                                Object removed = queue.remove();
+                                assert removed == item;
+                                System.out.println("EchoTube processing EOF");
+                                subscriber.onComplete();
+                            } else {
+                                throw new InternalError(String.valueOf(item));
                             }
                         }
                     } catch(Throwable t) {

From 835c7b1be56316d6468335dffd2bd897f9519760 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Sorna Sarathi N <ssarathi@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 31 Jul 2026 12:49:29 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 378/707] 8354489: Some callers of VMError::report_and_die
 think it can return

Reviewed-by: amitkumar, dholmes
---
 src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp | 31 +++++++++------------------
 src/hotspot/share/utilities/debug.cpp |  4 ----
 2 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp b/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp
index f62e9c298e8..7c7e61098f5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp
@@ -2671,14 +2671,6 @@ LONG Handle_IDiv_Exception(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* exceptionInfo) {
   return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
 }
 
-static inline void report_error(Thread* t, DWORD exception_code,
-                                address addr, void* siginfo, void* context) {
-  VMError::report_and_die(t, exception_code, addr, siginfo, context);
-
-  // If UseOSErrorReporting, this will return here and save the error file
-  // somewhere where we can find it in the minidump.
-}
-
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 JNIEXPORT
 LONG WINAPI topLevelExceptionFilter(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* exceptionInfo) {
@@ -2750,9 +2742,8 @@ LONG WINAPI topLevelExceptionFilter(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* exceptionInfo) {
         // Fatal red zone violation.
         overflow_state->disable_stack_red_zone();
         tty->print_raw_cr("An unrecoverable stack overflow has occurred.");
-        report_error(t, exception_code, pc, exception_record,
-                      exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
-        return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
+        VMError::report_and_die(t, exception_code, pc, exception_record,
+                                exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
       }
     } else if (exception_code == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION) {
       if (in_java) {
@@ -2789,9 +2780,8 @@ LONG WINAPI topLevelExceptionFilter(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* exceptionInfo) {
           address stub = SharedRuntime::continuation_for_implicit_exception(thread, pc, SharedRuntime::IMPLICIT_NULL);
           if (stub != nullptr) return Handle_Exception(exceptionInfo, stub);
         }
-        report_error(t, exception_code, pc, exception_record,
-                      exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
-        return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
+        VMError::report_and_die(t, exception_code, pc, exception_record,
+                                exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
       }
 
       // Special care for fast JNI field accessors.
@@ -2803,9 +2793,8 @@ LONG WINAPI topLevelExceptionFilter(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* exceptionInfo) {
       }
 
       // Stack overflow or null pointer exception in native code.
-      report_error(t, exception_code, pc, exception_record,
-                   exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
-      return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
+      VMError::report_and_die(t, exception_code, pc, exception_record,
+                              exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
     } // /EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION
     // - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
 
@@ -2873,8 +2862,8 @@ LONG WINAPI topLevelExceptionFilter(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* exceptionInfo) {
 #endif
 
   if (should_report_error) {
-    report_error(t, exception_code, pc, exception_record,
-                 exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
+    VMError::report_and_die(t, exception_code, pc, exception_record,
+                            exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
   }
 
   return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
@@ -2894,8 +2883,8 @@ LONG WINAPI topLevelUnhandledExceptionFilter(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* excepti
     Thread* thread = Thread::current_or_null_safe();
 
     if (exceptionCode != EXCEPTION_BREAKPOINT) {
-      report_error(thread, exceptionCode, pc, exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord,
-                  exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
+      VMError::report_and_die(thread, exceptionCode, pc, exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord,
+                              exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/debug.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/debug.cpp
index 23e8281f000..27479acd68b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/debug.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/debug.cpp
@@ -240,10 +240,6 @@ void report_vm_out_of_memory(const char* file, int line, size_t size,
 
   VMError::report_and_die(Thread::current_or_null(), file, line, size, vm_err_type, detail_fmt, detail_args);
   va_end(detail_args);
-
-  // The UseOSErrorReporting option in report_and_die() may allow a return
-  // to here. If so then we'll have to figure out how to handle it.
-  guarantee(false, "report_and_die() should not return here");
 }
 
 void report_should_not_call(const char* file, int line) {

From b030a508d71e95fc9f049491afd375395ae62ac8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Mat Carter <macarte@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 31 Jul 2026 17:20:20 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 379/707] 8382692: Use 'isb' instruction in SpinPause on
 windows-aarch64

Reviewed-by: fbredberg, jsjolen
---
 .../os_cpu/windows_aarch64/os_windows_aarch64.cpp | 15 ++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/windows_aarch64/os_windows_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/windows_aarch64/os_windows_aarch64.cpp
index 2c2afb168fd..679e376ec98 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/windows_aarch64/os_windows_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/windows_aarch64/os_windows_aarch64.cpp
@@ -291,6 +291,19 @@ int os::extra_bang_size_in_bytes() {
 
 extern "C" {
   int SpinPause() {
-    return 0;
+    using spin_wait_func_ptr_t = void (*)();
+    spin_wait_func_ptr_t func = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(spin_wait_func_ptr_t, StubRoutines::aarch64::spin_wait());
+    assert(func != nullptr, "StubRoutines::aarch64::spin_wait must not be null.");
+    (*func)();
+    // If StubRoutines::aarch64::spin_wait consists of only a RET,
+    // SpinPause can be considered as implemented. There will be a sequence
+    // of instructions for:
+    // - call of SpinPause
+    // - load of StubRoutines::aarch64::spin_wait stub pointer
+    // - indirect call of the stub
+    // - return from the stub
+    // - return from SpinPause
+    // So '1' always is returned.
+    return 1;
   }
 };

From eacfa428564c32d6436d329169fd03a6626bcc0d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Daniel D. Daugherty" <dcubed@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 31 Jul 2026 17:47:14 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 380/707] 8389533: ProblemList
 gc/g1/TestCodeCacheUnloadDuringConcurrentMark.java in Xcomp mode

Reviewed-by: liach, phubner
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt
index 1262c1698bd..4b182d10501 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/capability/CM03/cm03t001/TestDescription.java 829
 vmTestbase/nsk/stress/thread/thread006.java 8321476 linux-all
 
 gc/arguments/TestNewSizeFlags.java 8299116 macosx-aarch64
+gc/g1/TestCodeCacheUnloadDuringConcurrentMark.java 8388169 generic-all
 
 #############################################################################
 

From af4e9468d3bbbd95e9dc488c5aa3b7d65421dd1f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jaikiran Pai <jpai@openjdk.org>
Date: Sat, 1 Aug 2026 02:13:56 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 381/707] 8389514:
 HttpClientImpl$SelectorManager.deregistrations collection is always empty
 resulting in dead code

Reviewed-by: dfuchs, djelinski
---
 .../classes/jdk/internal/net/http/HttpClientImpl.java  | 10 +---------
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/HttpClientImpl.java b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/HttpClientImpl.java
index ff130e90358..aacfb27e99a 100644
--- a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/HttpClientImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/HttpClientImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -1228,7 +1228,6 @@ private static final class SelectorManager implements Runnable {
         private final Selector selector;
         private volatile boolean closed;
         private final List<AsyncEvent> registrations;
-        private final List<AsyncTriggerEvent> deregistrations;
         private final Logger debug;
         private final Logger debugtimeout;
         private final HttpClientImpl owner;
@@ -1242,7 +1241,6 @@ private static final class SelectorManager implements Runnable {
             debugtimeout = ref.debugtimeout;
             pool = ref.connectionPool();
             registrations = new ArrayList<>();
-            deregistrations = new ArrayList<>();
             selector = Selector.open();
         }
 
@@ -1328,9 +1326,7 @@ void abort(Throwable t) {
                     // OK - nothing to do...
                 }
                 toAbort.addAll(this.registrations);
-                toAbort.addAll(this.deregistrations);
                 this.registrations.clear();
-                this.deregistrations.clear();
             } finally {
                 lock.unlock();
             }
@@ -1402,10 +1398,6 @@ public void run() {
                         assert errorList.isEmpty();
                         assert readyList.isEmpty();
                         assert resetList.isEmpty();
-                        for (AsyncTriggerEvent event : deregistrations) {
-                            event.handle();
-                        }
-                        deregistrations.clear();
                         for (AsyncEvent event : registrations) {
                             if (event instanceof AsyncTriggerEvent) {
                                 readyList.add(event);

From add59ed298f1ddaa08cffc1ef3768318063c189a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jaikiran Pai <jpai@openjdk.org>
Date: Sat, 1 Aug 2026 02:21:58 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 382/707] 8388400: Incorrect null check in
 jdk.internal.jrtfs.ExplodedImage$PathNode constructor

Reviewed-by: alanb, liach
---
 .../share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/ExplodedImage.java         | 2 +-
 .../share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/JrtFileSystem.java         | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/ExplodedImage.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/ExplodedImage.java
index 88c3aba2f3c..db326023cb9 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/ExplodedImage.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/ExplodedImage.java
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ private PathNode(String name, List<Path> directories, BasicFileAttributes attrs)
         private PathNode(String name, PathNode link) {
             super(name, link.getFileAttributes());
             this.file = null;
-            this.link = Objects.requireNonNull(link);
+            this.link = link;
             this.directories = null;
             this.childNames = null;
         }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/JrtFileSystem.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/JrtFileSystem.java
index 0a3782d2021..fe2f59c584f 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/JrtFileSystem.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/jrtfs/JrtFileSystem.java
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ class JrtFileSystem extends FileSystem {
     private final JrtFileSystemProvider provider;
     private final JrtPath rootPath = new JrtPath(this, "/");
     private volatile boolean isOpen;
-    private volatile boolean isClosable;
+    private final boolean isClosable;
     private SystemImage image;
 
     /**

From 4a6718b062f731ab7e8e3c5e629da97e923d518d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gui Cao <gcao@openjdk.org>
Date: Sat, 1 Aug 2026 03:05:13 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 383/707] 8389312: RISC-V: vector_update_crc32 wrongly assumes
 undisturbed tail elements

Reviewed-by: fyang, dzhang
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
index 116332c1add..65cc4bbf433 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -2174,12 +2174,12 @@ void MacroAssembler::vector_update_crc32(Register crc, Register buf, Register le
     mv(tmp5, 0xff);
 
     if (MaxVectorSize == 16) {
-      vsetivli(zr, N, Assembler::e32, Assembler::m4, Assembler::ma, Assembler::ta);
+      vsetivli(zr, N, Assembler::e32, Assembler::m4, Assembler::mu, Assembler::tu);
     } else if (MaxVectorSize == 32) {
-      vsetivli(zr, N, Assembler::e32, Assembler::m2, Assembler::ma, Assembler::ta);
+      vsetivli(zr, N, Assembler::e32, Assembler::m2, Assembler::mu, Assembler::tu);
     } else {
       assert(MaxVectorSize > 32, "sanity");
-      vsetivli(zr, N, Assembler::e32, Assembler::m1, Assembler::ma, Assembler::ta);
+      vsetivli(zr, N, Assembler::e32, Assembler::m1, Assembler::mu, Assembler::tu);
     }
 
     vmv_v_x(vcrc, zr);

From 79b0a1c3267468446565b4ce6064409d416bf6f2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Guanqiang Han <ghan@openjdk.org>
Date: Sat, 1 Aug 2026 07:05:36 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 384/707] 8389552: [s390]: Build fails due to missing CodeCache
 declaration in continuationEntry_s390.inline.hpp

Reviewed-by: amitkumar
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationEntry_s390.inline.hpp | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationEntry_s390.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationEntry_s390.inline.hpp
index 58ff8f0d194..6eb46ab2eba 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationEntry_s390.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationEntry_s390.inline.hpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #ifndef CPU_S390_CONTINUATIONENTRY_S390_INLINE_HPP
 #define CPU_S390_CONTINUATIONENTRY_S390_INLINE_HPP
 
+#include "code/codeCache.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/registerMap.hpp"

From 5b2d6991a1279d375f9a3c00c7bcd0bbcc7081d6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Guoxiong Li <gli@openjdk.org>
Date: Sun, 2 Aug 2026 03:54:07 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 385/707] 8389384: JDK-6960970 broke cross compilation on
 slow-debug level

Reviewed-by: dholmes, sspitsyn
---
 src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiExport.hpp | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiExport.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiExport.hpp
index 24992085473..858c8484090 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiExport.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiExport.hpp
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ class JvmtiExport : public AllStatic {
   static JvmtiThreadState* hide_single_stepping(JavaThread *thread) NOT_JVMTI_RETURN_(nullptr);
 
   // frame pop management
-  static bool has_frame_pop_for_top_frame(JavaThread *current);
+  static bool has_frame_pop_for_top_frame(JavaThread *current) NOT_JVMTI_RETURN_(false);
 
   // Methods that notify the debugger that something interesting has happened in the VM.
   static void post_early_vm_start        () NOT_JVMTI_RETURN;

From c6da3a4b37dd0425a8a20fb62bba55d499ce39ed Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 05:38:33 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 386/707] 8388317: [lworld]
 LibraryCallKit::inline_unsafe_flat_access asserts on null literal

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, fparain
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp       |  6 ++-
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java  | 50 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 55 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
index ad0a720c211..03c49a9bab9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
@@ -2782,13 +2782,17 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_unsafe_flat_access(bool is_store, AccessKind kind) {
       value = new_value;
     }
 
-    assert(value_type->inline_klass() == value_klass, "value is of type %s while valueType is %s", value_type->inline_klass()->name()->as_utf8(), value_klass->name()->as_utf8());
+    assert(value_type == TypePtr::NULL_PTR || value_type->inline_klass() == value_klass,
+           "value is of type %s while value klass is %s", value_type->inline_klass()->name()->as_utf8(), value_klass->name()->as_utf8());
     if (layout == LayoutKind::REFERENCE) {
       const TypePtr* ptr_type = (decorators & C2_MISMATCHED) != 0 ? TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM : _gvn.type(ptr)->is_ptr();
       access_store_at(base, ptr, ptr_type, value, value_type, T_OBJECT, decorators);
     } else {
       bool atomic = LayoutKindHelper::is_atomic_flat(layout);
       bool null_free = !LayoutKindHelper::is_nullable_flat(layout);
+      if (null_free) {
+        null_check(value);
+      }
       value->as_InlineType()->store_flat(this, base, ptr, atomic, immutable_memory, null_free, decorators);
     }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java
index 299230f0b98..d9a6e3e87fe 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java
@@ -149,6 +149,7 @@ static class Flags {
 
     public TestIntrinsics() {
         test24_vt = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
+        test31_vt = MyValue1.createDefaultInline();
         super();
     }
 
@@ -658,6 +659,7 @@ public void test30_verifier(RunInfo info) {
         Asserts.assertEQ(v.v1, res);
     }
 
+    @NullRestricted
     MyValue1 test31_vt;
     private static final long TEST31_VT_OFFSET;
     private static final boolean TEST31_VT_FLATTENED;
@@ -837,6 +839,54 @@ public void test38_verifier() {
         Asserts.assertEQ(vt, test31_vt);
     }
 
+    // Test put intrinsic with null
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public void test39(MyValue1 val) {
+        if (TEST31_VT_FLATTENED) {
+            U.putFlatValue(this, TEST31_VT_OFFSET, TEST31_VT_LAYOUT, MyValue1.class, val);
+        } else {
+            U.putReference(this, TEST31_VT_OFFSET, null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test39")
+    public void test39_verifier() {
+        test31_vt = MyValue1.createDefaultInline();
+        try {
+            test39(null);
+            if (TEST31_VT_FLATTENED) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("No NullPointerException thrown");
+            }
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Same as test39 but with a constant null
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {CALL_UNSAFE})
+    public void test39Constant() {
+        if (TEST31_VT_FLATTENED) {
+            U.putFlatValue(this, TEST31_VT_OFFSET, TEST31_VT_LAYOUT, MyValue1.class, null);
+        } else {
+            U.putReference(this, TEST31_VT_OFFSET, null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test39Constant")
+    public void test39Constant_verifier() {
+        test31_vt = MyValue1.createDefaultInline();
+        try {
+            test39Constant();
+            if (TEST31_VT_FLATTENED) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("No NullPointerException thrown");
+            }
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            // Expected
+        }
+    }
+
     // Test value class array creation via reflection
     @Test
     public Object[] test40(Class<?> componentType, int len) {

From a282521750640de283e1c76c4a6cf0b1b6056d1c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 05:40:39 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 387/707] 8388851: [lworld] Remove obsolete array store address
 recomputation

Reviewed-by: mchevalier, chagedorn
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/parse.hpp       | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp      | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/parseHelper.cpp | 9 ++-------
 3 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse.hpp
index 0a32bee9a07..2f0f8558d84 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse.hpp
@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ class Parse : public GraphKit {
   void do_one_bytecode();
 
   // helper function to generate array store check
-  Node* array_store_check(Node*& adr, const Type*& elemtype);
+  Node* array_store_check(const Type*& elemtype);
   // Helper function to generate array load
   void array_load(BasicType etype);
   Node* load_from_unknown_flat_array(Node* array, Node* array_index, const TypeOopPtr* element_ptr);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
index 612c32da7ae..5c5cee39224 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ void Parse::array_store(BasicType bt) {
 
   Node* stored_value_casted = nullptr;
   if (bt == T_OBJECT) {
-    stored_value_casted = array_store_check(adr, elemtype);
+    stored_value_casted = array_store_check(elemtype);
     if (stopped()) {
       return;
     }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parseHelper.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parseHelper.cpp
index 3b12d8fa3b7..b3638a822e7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parseHelper.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parseHelper.cpp
@@ -140,10 +140,9 @@ void Parse::do_instanceof() {
 
 //------------------------------array_store_check------------------------------
 // pull array from stack and check that the store is valid
-Node* Parse::array_store_check(Node*& adr, const Type*& elemtype) {
+Node* Parse::array_store_check(const Type*& elemtype) {
   // Shorthand access to array store elements without popping them.
   Node *obj = peek(0);
-  Node *idx = peek(1);
   Node *ary = peek(2);
 
   if (_gvn.type(obj) == TypePtr::NULL_PTR) {
@@ -233,11 +232,7 @@ Node* Parse::array_store_check(Node*& adr, const Type*& elemtype) {
         Node* cast = _gvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(control(), ary, extak->as_exact_instance_type()));
         replace_in_map(ary, cast);
         ary = cast;
-
-        // Recompute element type and address
-        const TypeAryPtr* arytype = _gvn.type(ary)->is_aryptr();
-        elemtype = arytype->elem();
-        adr = array_element_address(ary, idx, T_OBJECT, arytype->size(), control());
+        elemtype = _gvn.type(ary)->is_aryptr()->elem();
 
         CompileLog* log = C->log();
         if (log != nullptr) {

From 85860bee21618dc0b639cf9baf0c202fff1552bd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 05:40:54 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 388/707] 8388468: [lworld] TestIntrinsics intermittently fails
 due to unexpected substitutability

Reviewed-by: mchevalier, fparain
---
 .../jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java    | 3 ++-
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java
index d9a6e3e87fe..0d91a856e04 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java
@@ -1296,7 +1296,8 @@ static SmallValue createDefaultInline() {
 
         @ForceInline
         static SmallValue createWithFieldsInline(int x, long y) {
-            return new SmallValue((byte)x, (byte)y);
+            // Make sure it's different from the default value, some tests rely on this
+            return new SmallValue((byte)x, (byte) (y | 1));
         }
     }
 

From 3bfc2b844d30f76af2b9a0391fae3f30e5382d74 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 05:43:00 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 389/707] 8389235: [lworld] Wrong reason for
 too_many_traps_or_recompiles check in Parse::speculate_non_flat_array

Reviewed-by: mchevalier, chagedorn
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp  | 3 +++
 src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp   | 2 +-
 3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
index c5c22c25bd4..dee6e7fc397 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
@@ -4926,6 +4926,7 @@ bool Compile::final_graph_reshaping() {
 bool Compile::too_many_traps(ciMethod* method,
                              int bci,
                              Deoptimization::DeoptReason reason) {
+  assert(reason > Deoptimization::Reason_none && reason <= Deoptimization::Reason_LIMIT, "invalid reason");
   ciMethodData* md = method->method_data();
   if (md->is_empty()) {
     // Assume the trap has not occurred, or that it occurred only
@@ -4951,6 +4952,7 @@ bool Compile::too_many_traps(ciMethod* method,
 // Less-accurate variant which does not require a method and bci.
 bool Compile::too_many_traps(Deoptimization::DeoptReason reason,
                              ciMethodData* logmd) {
+  assert(reason > Deoptimization::Reason_none && reason <= Deoptimization::Reason_LIMIT, "invalid reason");
   if (trap_count(reason) >= Deoptimization::per_method_trap_limit(reason)) {
     // Too many traps globally.
     // Note that we use cumulative trap_count, not just md->trap_count.
@@ -4975,6 +4977,7 @@ bool Compile::too_many_traps(Deoptimization::DeoptReason reason,
 bool Compile::too_many_recompiles(ciMethod* method,
                                   int bci,
                                   Deoptimization::DeoptReason reason) {
+  assert(reason > Deoptimization::Reason_none && reason <= Deoptimization::Reason_LIMIT, "invalid reason");
   ciMethodData* md = method->method_data();
   if (md->is_empty()) {
     // Assume the trap has not occurred, or that it occurred only
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp
index d0de320ab84..bc4d6aeb371 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp
@@ -772,7 +772,7 @@ class GraphKit : public Phase {
   }
 
   bool too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::DeoptReason reason) {
-      return C->too_many_traps_or_recompiles(method(), bci(), reason);
+    return C->too_many_traps_or_recompiles(method(), bci(), reason);
   }
 
   // Returns the object (if any) which was created the moment before.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
index 5c5cee39224..397c6421c6d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
@@ -581,7 +581,7 @@ Node* Parse::speculate_non_flat_array(Node* const array, const TypeAryPtr* const
       !too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_class_check)) {
     flat_array = false;
     reason = Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_class_check;
-  } else if (UseArrayLoadStoreProfile && !too_many_traps_or_recompiles(reason)) {
+  } else if (UseArrayLoadStoreProfile && !too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::Reason_class_check)) {
     ciKlass* profiled_array_type = nullptr;
     ciKlass* profiled_element_type = nullptr;
     ProfilePtrKind element_ptr = ProfileMaybeNull;

From 3b3f9649f18272c3a8644982c4801d5d50491dde Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ioi Lam <iklam@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 05:45:25 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 390/707] 8382879: AOT training run exits with 0 even if
 assembly subprocess fails

Reviewed-by: kvn, jsjolen
---
 src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp        | 17 ++++-
 .../runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AOTFlags.java | 12 +--
 .../aotFlags/AssemblySubProcessFailure.java   | 75 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../appcds/aotFlags/JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS.java   |  4 +-
 4 files changed, 97 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AssemblySubProcessFailure.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
index c933bde2c8f..a22e9bc6bf3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
@@ -1221,8 +1221,8 @@ void AOTMetaspace::dump_static_archive_impl(StaticArchiveBuilder& builder, TRAPS
   assert(!_output_mapinfo->is_open(), "Must be closed already");
   _output_mapinfo = nullptr;
   if (status && CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive()) {
-    tty->print_cr("%s AOTConfiguration recorded: %s",
-                  CDSConfig::has_temp_aot_config_file() ? "Temporary" : "", AOTConfiguration);
+    tty->print_cr("%sAOTConfiguration recorded: %s",
+                  CDSConfig::has_temp_aot_config_file() ? "Temporary " : "", AOTConfiguration);
     if (CDSConfig::is_single_command_training()) {
       fork_and_dump_final_static_archive(CHECK);
     }
@@ -1359,8 +1359,19 @@ void AOTMetaspace::fork_and_dump_final_static_archive(TRAPS) {
   tty->print_cr("Launching child process %s to assemble AOT cache %s using configuration %s", cmd, AOTCacheOutput, AOTConfiguration);
   int status = exec_jvm_with_java_tool_options(cmd, CHECK);
   if (status != 0) {
+    // We do this in all cases when the child process is launched because:
+    // - the AOT training process is about to exit; or
+    // - jcmd or AOTCacheMXBean is used to end AOT training.
+    //
+    // The child process is just a convenient way to get a fresh JVM state to
+    // assemble the AOT cache. Logically, we consider the AOT assembly to be
+    // executed as part of the current JVM. If the child process has failed,
+    // we should exit the current JVM as well.
+    //
+    // To help debugging, if we have created a temporary AOT config file, do not
+    // delete it.
     log_error(aot)("Child process failed; status = %d", status);
-    // We leave the temp config file for debugging
+    vm_exit(status);
   } else if (CDSConfig::has_temp_aot_config_file()) {
     const char* tmp_config = AOTConfiguration;
     // On Windows, need WRITE permission to remove the file.
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AOTFlags.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AOTFlags.java
index 56c31dcdbda..a62066efe91 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AOTFlags.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AOTFlags.java
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ static void positiveTests() throws Exception {
             "-XX:AOTConfiguration=" + aotConfigFile,
             "-Xlog:aot=debug",
             "-cp", appJar, helloClass);
-        out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "ontstep-train");
+        out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "onestep-train");
         out.shouldContain("Hello World");
         out.shouldContain("AOTConfiguration recorded: " + aotConfigFile);
         out.shouldContain("AOTCache creation is complete: hello.aot");
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ static void positiveTests() throws Exception {
             "-XX:AOTConfiguration=" + aotConfigFile,
             "-Xlog:aot=debug",
             "-cp", appJar, helloClass);
-        out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "ontstep-train");
+        out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "onestep-train");
         out.shouldContain("Hello World");
         out.shouldContain("AOTConfiguration recorded: " + aotConfigFile);
         out.shouldContain("AOTCache creation is complete: hello.aot");
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ static void positiveTests() throws Exception {
             "-XX:AOTConfiguration=" + aotConfigFile,
             "-Xlog:aot=debug",
             "-cp", appJar, helloClass);
-        out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "ontstep-train");
+        out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "onestep-train");
         out.shouldContain("Hello World");
         out.shouldContain("AOTConfiguration recorded: " + aotConfigFile);
         out.shouldContain("AOTCache creation is complete: hello.aot");
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ static void positiveTests() throws Exception {
             "-XX:AOTCacheOutput=" + aotCacheFile,
             "-Xlog:aot=debug",
             "-cp", appJar, helloClass);
-        out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "ontstep-train");
+        out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "onestep-train");
         out.shouldContain("Hello World");
         out.shouldContain("Temporary AOTConfiguration recorded: " + aotCacheFile + ".config");
         out.shouldContain("AOTCache creation is complete: hello.aot");
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ static void positiveTests() throws Exception {
             "-XX:AOTCacheOutput=" + aotCacheFile,
             "-Xlog:aot=debug",
             "-cp", appJar, helloClass);
-        out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "ontstep-train");
+        out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "onestep-train");
         out.shouldContain("Hello World");
         out.shouldContain("Temporary AOTConfiguration recorded: " + aotCacheFile + ".config");
         out.shouldContain("AOTCache creation is complete: hello.aot");
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ static void positiveTests() throws Exception {
             "-Dmy.prop=My string -Xshare:off here", // -Xshare:off should not be treated as a single VM opt for the child JVM
             "-Xlog:aot=debug",
             "-cp", appJar, helloClass);
-        out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "ontstep-train");
+        out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "onestep-train");
         out.shouldContain("Hello World");
         out.shouldContain("AOTCache creation is complete: hello.aot");
         out.shouldMatch("Picked up JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS:.* -Dmy.prop=My' 'string' '-Xshare:off' 'here");
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AssemblySubProcessFailure.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AssemblySubProcessFailure.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a4ad79e4bfb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AssemblySubProcessFailure.java
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Handling of assembly sub-process failure in onestep AOT training.
+ * @bug 8382879
+ * @requires vm.cds
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes
+ * @build Hello
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar hello.jar Hello
+ * @run driver AssemblySubProcessFailure
+ */
+
+import java.io.File;
+import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSTestUtils;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+
+public class AssemblySubProcessFailure {
+    static String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("hello.jar");
+    static String aotConfigFile = "hello.aot.config";
+    static String aotCacheFile = "hello.aot";
+    static String helloClass = "Hello";
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        // The main training run process should report the failure if the AOT assembly
+        // sub-process has failed.
+        //
+        // The easiest way to trigger a failure is to pass a bad VM option, only to the
+        // sub-process using JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS.
+        ProcessBuilder pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder(
+            "-XX:AOTMode=record",
+            "-XX:AOTCacheOutput=" + aotCacheFile,
+            "-cp", appJar, helloClass);
+        pb.environment().put("JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS", "-XX:+NoSuchOption");
+        OutputAnalyzer out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "onestep-train");
+
+        out.shouldContain("Hello World");
+        out.shouldContain("Temporary AOTConfiguration recorded: " + aotConfigFile);
+        out.shouldContain("Child process failed; status = 1");
+        out.shouldContain("Picked up JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS: -XX:+NoSuchOption");
+        out.shouldContain("Unrecognized VM option 'NoSuchOption'");
+        out.shouldContain("Error: Could not create the Java Virtual Machine.");
+        out.shouldNotContain("AOTCache creation is complete");
+        out.shouldHaveExitValue(1);
+
+        if (!(new File(aotConfigFile)).exists()) {
+          throw new RuntimeException("Should not delete temporary AOT config file when child process fails: " + aotConfigFile);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS.java
index e7ac72b4d38..5c534b58ee5 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         // The "-Xshare:off" below should be treated as part of a property value and not
         // a VM option by itself
         pb.environment().put("JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS", "-Dsome.option='foo -Xshare:off ' -Xmx512m -XX:-AOTClassLinking");
-        out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "ontstep-train");
+        out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "onestep-train");
         out.shouldContain("Hello World");
         out.shouldContain("AOTCache creation is complete: hello.aot");
         out.shouldContain("Picked up JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS: -Dsome.option='foo -Xshare:off '");

From 282b67e90e34cbadf6b3e2415e611821f5299bc1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 05:45:51 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 391/707] 8389214: [lworld] StoreFlatNode with TOP value input
 not correctly handled by IGVN

Reviewed-by: mchevalier, chagedorn
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.cpp     |  4 +-
 .../inlinetypes/TestDeadStoreFlat.java        | 59 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 62 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestDeadStoreFlat.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.cpp
index 216ccd1361a..b83234dbb2f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.cpp
@@ -2287,10 +2287,12 @@ const Type* LoadFlatNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
 }
 
 const Type* StoreFlatNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
+  Node* val = in(TypeFunc::Parms + 2);
   if (phase->type(in(TypeFunc::Control)) == Type::TOP || phase->type(in(TypeFunc::Memory)) == Type::TOP ||
-      phase->type(base()) == Type::TOP || phase->type(ptr()) == Type::TOP || phase->type(value()) == Type::TOP) {
+      phase->type(base()) == Type::TOP || phase->type(ptr()) == Type::TOP || phase->type(val) == Type::TOP) {
     return Type::TOP;
   }
+  assert(val->is_InlineType(), "must be InlineTypeNode: %s", val->Name());
   return bottom_type();
 }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestDeadStoreFlat.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestDeadStoreFlat.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c0189ee0267
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestDeadStoreFlat.java
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8389214
+ * @summary Test that a StoreFlatNode with a TOP value input is properly handled by IGVN.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xcomp
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline
+ *                   -XX:+StressIGVN -XX:StressSeed=331205763
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+public class TestDeadStoreFlat {
+    static Integer box() {
+        throw new RuntimeException();
+    }
+
+    static Integer[] test() {
+        try {
+            Integer boxed = box();
+            return new Integer[] { boxed };
+        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // Make sure exception class loaded
+        RuntimeException tmp = new RuntimeException();
+        test();
+    }
+}
+

From 0ddc887bd9b6d7c5404cf1b156a84aa3881342ff Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 05:46:19 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 392/707] 8389450: [lworld] Value class adapter generation
 leaks CodeCache BufferBlob

Reviewed-by: phubner, aboldtch
---
 .../cpu/aarch64/sharedRuntime_aarch64.cpp     |  5 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86_64.cpp  |  5 +-
 .../TestValueClassCodeCacheLeak.java          | 57 +++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 61 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueClassCodeCacheLeak.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/sharedRuntime_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/sharedRuntime_aarch64.cpp
index fce08ff982d..cb14d3eada1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/sharedRuntime_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/sharedRuntime_aarch64.cpp
@@ -2922,11 +2922,10 @@ RuntimeStub* SharedRuntime::generate_resolve_blob(StubId id, address destination
 }
 
 BufferedInlineTypeBlob* SharedRuntime::generate_buffered_inline_type_adapter(const InlineKlass* vk) {
-  BufferBlob* buf = BufferBlob::create("inline types pack/unpack", 16 * K);
-  if (buf == nullptr) {
+  CodeBuffer buffer("inline types pack/unpack", 16 * K, 0);
+  if (buffer.blob() == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  CodeBuffer buffer(buf);
   short buffer_locs[20];
   buffer.insts()->initialize_shared_locs((relocInfo*)buffer_locs,
                                          sizeof(buffer_locs)/sizeof(relocInfo));
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86_64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86_64.cpp
index d52b03650ca..37df7acf942 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86_64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86_64.cpp
@@ -3731,11 +3731,10 @@ void SharedRuntime::montgomery_square(jint *a_ints, jint *n_ints,
 }
 
 BufferedInlineTypeBlob* SharedRuntime::generate_buffered_inline_type_adapter(const InlineKlass* vk) {
-  BufferBlob* buf = BufferBlob::create("inline types pack/unpack", 16 * K);
-  if (buf == nullptr) {
+  CodeBuffer buffer("inline types pack/unpack", 16 * K, 0);
+  if (buffer.blob() == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  CodeBuffer buffer(buf);
   short buffer_locs[20];
   buffer.insts()->initialize_shared_locs((relocInfo*)buffer_locs,
                                          sizeof(buffer_locs)/sizeof(relocInfo));
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueClassCodeCacheLeak.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueClassCodeCacheLeak.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6286fbdc414
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueClassCodeCacheLeak.java
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8389450
+ * @summary Test that loading and unloading value classes does not leak code cache memory.
+ * @requires vm.flagless & vm.opt.final.ClassUnloading
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=32m ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.io.InputStream;
+
+public class TestValueClassCodeCacheLeak {
+    public static value class TemporaryValue { }
+
+    static final class Loader extends ClassLoader {
+        Class<?> define(byte[] bytes) {
+            return defineClass("compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestValueClassCodeCacheLeak$TemporaryValue", bytes, 0, bytes.length);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        InputStream in = TestValueClassCodeCacheLeak.class.getResourceAsStream("TestValueClassCodeCacheLeak$TemporaryValue.class");
+        byte[] bytes = in.readAllBytes();
+
+        // Create a class loader, load value class and throw the class loader away
+        // to trigger class unloading. This should not leak (code cache) memory.
+        for (int i = 0; i < 5000; i++) {
+            new Loader().define(bytes);
+        }
+    }
+}
+

From ba05044f2c9616d3fe9a15f6746515409125385b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Hagedorn <chagedorn@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 06:09:25 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 393/707] 8388007: [lworld] [Umbrella] Adressing remaining
 compiler review comments from the Valhalla PR

Co-authored-by: Dean Long <dlong@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: thartmann, mchevalier
---
 src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp      | 27 +++++++++++++------
 src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Runtime1.cpp          | 10 +++----
 src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.cpp     | 27 ++++++++++++-------
 src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.hpp     |  1 +
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciArrayKlass.cpp         |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciClassList.hpp          |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp                |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciFlatArray.hpp          |  1 +
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.cpp             |  5 +---
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.cpp      |  6 ++---
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp      |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciSignature.cpp          |  3 +++
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciSignature.hpp          |  6 ++++-
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeFlow.cpp           | 14 +++++-----
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeFlow.hpp           | 17 ++++++------
 src/hotspot/share/code/scopeDesc.hpp          |  3 ++-
 src/hotspot/share/code/vtableStubs.cpp        |  1 +
 src/hotspot/share/compiler/methodMatcher.cpp  |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/z/c2/zBarrierSetC2.cpp   |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/bytecodeInfo.cpp       |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp           | 12 ++++-----
 src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.hpp           |  4 +--
 src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp            |  8 +++---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp            |  8 +++---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.hpp           |  4 +--
 src/hotspot/share/opto/matcher.cpp            |  8 ++----
 src/hotspot/share/opto/matcher.hpp            |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp            |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp            |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.cpp            |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.hpp            |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/multnode.cpp           |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/multnode.hpp           |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/parse1.cpp             |  2 +-
 test/docs/ProblemList.txt                     |  1 -
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java      | 12 +++++++++
 36 files changed, 119 insertions(+), 89 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp
index 0227615241c..29e8f32d39b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp
@@ -772,9 +772,9 @@ void LIRGenerator::arraycopy_helper(Intrinsic* x, int* flagsp, ciArrayKlass** ex
     if (expected_type == nullptr) expected_type = src_declared_type;
     if (expected_type == nullptr) expected_type = dst_declared_type;
 
-    if (expected_type != nullptr && expected_type->is_obj_array_klass()) {
+    if (expected_type != nullptr && expected_type->is_obj_array_klass() && !expected_type->is_refined()) {
       // For a direct pointer comparison, we need the refined array klass pointer
-      expected_type = ciObjArrayKlass::make(expected_type->as_array_klass()->element_klass());
+      expected_type = ciObjArrayKlass::make(expected_type->as_array_klass()->element_klass(), true /* refined_type */);
     }
 
     src_objarray = (src_exact_type && src_exact_type->is_obj_array_klass()) || (src_declared_type && src_declared_type->is_obj_array_klass());
@@ -1489,7 +1489,20 @@ LIR_Opr LIRGenerator::load_constant(Constant* x) {
 
 LIR_Opr LIRGenerator::load_constant(LIR_Const* c) {
   BasicType t = c->type();
-  for (int i = 0; i < _constants.length() && !in_conditional_code(); i++) {
+  if (in_conditional_code()) {
+    // TODO 8353851: Control flow introduced by check_flat_array() is currently opaque to the register allocator.
+    // Do not use or update the constant -> register cache in such conditional code because the register allocator could
+    // spill a constant and only rematerialize it into a register in one branch of check_flat_array() but not the other.
+    // Since the control flow is opaque to the register allocator, it assumes the rematerialized constant in the register
+    // dominates all subsequent uses in the block and does not insert another rematerialization. When taking the
+    // non-rematerialized branch of check_flat_array() at runtime, the register contains garbage potentially causing
+    // a crash.
+    LIR_Opr result = new_register(t);
+    __ move(c, result);
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < _constants.length(); i++) {
     LIR_Const* other = _constants.at(i);
     if (t == other->type()) {
       switch (t) {
@@ -1513,11 +1526,9 @@ LIR_Opr LIRGenerator::load_constant(LIR_Const* c) {
   }
 
   LIR_Opr result = new_register(t);
-  __ move((LIR_Opr)c, result);
-  if (!in_conditional_code()) {
-    _constants.append(c);
-    _reg_for_constants.append(result);
-  }
+  __ move(c, result);
+  _constants.append(c);
+  _reg_for_constants.append(result);
   return result;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Runtime1.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Runtime1.cpp
index bcf55b454b6..e91691f96e2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Runtime1.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Runtime1.cpp
@@ -383,10 +383,10 @@ const char* Runtime1::name_for_address(address entry) {
   return pd_name_for_address(entry);
 }
 
-static void allocate_instance(JavaThread* current, Klass* klass, TRAPS) {
+JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::new_instance(JavaThread* current, Klass* klass))
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   if (PrintC1Statistics) {
-    Runtime1::_new_instance_slowcase_cnt++;
+    _new_instance_slowcase_cnt++;
   }
 #endif
   assert(klass->is_klass(), "not a class");
@@ -400,10 +400,6 @@ static void allocate_instance(JavaThread* current, Klass* klass, TRAPS) {
   current->set_vm_result_oop(obj);
 JRT_END
 
-JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::new_instance(JavaThread* current, Klass* klass))
-  allocate_instance(current, klass, CHECK);
-JRT_END
-
 JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::new_type_array(JavaThread* current, Klass* klass, jint length))
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   if (PrintC1Statistics) {
@@ -1188,7 +1184,7 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::patch_code(JavaThread* current, StubId stub_id ))
         { Bytecode_anewarray anew(caller_method(), caller_method->bcp_from(bci));
           Klass* ek = caller_method->constants()->klass_at(anew.index(), CHECK);
           k = ek->array_klass(CHECK);
-          if (!k->is_typeArray_klass() && !k->is_refArray_klass() && !k->is_flatArray_klass()) {
+          if (k->is_unrefined_objArray_klass()) {
             k = ObjArrayKlass::cast(k)->klass_with_properties(ArrayProperties::Default(), THREAD);
           }
           if (k->is_flatArray_klass()) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.cpp
index d9f2d54427e..c4c516002dd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.cpp
@@ -189,14 +189,25 @@ void BCEscapeAnalyzer::set_global_escape(ArgumentMap vars, bool merge) {
 }
 
 void BCEscapeAnalyzer::set_modified(ArgumentMap vars, int offs, int size) {
-
   for (int i = 0; i < _arg_size; i++) {
     if (vars.contains(i)) {
       set_arg_modified(i, offs, size);
     }
   }
-  if (vars.contains_unknown())
+  if (vars.contains_unknown()) {
+    _unknown_modified = true;
+  }
+}
+
+void BCEscapeAnalyzer::set_modified_any_offset(ArgumentMap vars) {
+  for (int i = 0; i < _arg_size; i++) {
+    if (vars.contains(i)) {
+      _arg_modified[i] = (uint)-1;
+    }
+  }
+  if (vars.contains_unknown()) {
     _unknown_modified = true;
+  }
 }
 
 bool BCEscapeAnalyzer::is_recursive_call(ciMethod* callee) {
@@ -227,7 +238,7 @@ bool BCEscapeAnalyzer::is_arg_modified(int arg, int offset, int size_in_bytes) {
 
 void BCEscapeAnalyzer::set_arg_modified(int arg, int offset, int size_in_bytes) {
   if (offset == OFFSET_ANY) {
-    _arg_modified[arg] =  (uint) -1;
+    _arg_modified[arg] = (uint)-1;
     return;
   }
   assert(arg >= 0 && arg < _arg_size, "must be an argument.");
@@ -537,7 +548,7 @@ void BCEscapeAnalyzer::iterate_one_block(ciBlock *blk, StateInfo &state, Growabl
         state.spop();
         ArgumentMap arr = state.apop();
         set_method_escape(arr);
-        set_modified(arr, OFFSET_ANY, type2size[T_INT]*HeapWordSize);
+        set_modified_any_offset(arr);
         break;
       }
       case Bytecodes::_lastore:
@@ -547,7 +558,7 @@ void BCEscapeAnalyzer::iterate_one_block(ciBlock *blk, StateInfo &state, Growabl
         state.spop();
         ArgumentMap arr = state.apop();
         set_method_escape(arr);
-        set_modified(arr, OFFSET_ANY, type2size[T_LONG]*HeapWordSize);
+        set_modified_any_offset(arr);
         break;
       }
       case Bytecodes::_aastore:
@@ -555,10 +566,8 @@ void BCEscapeAnalyzer::iterate_one_block(ciBlock *blk, StateInfo &state, Growabl
         set_global_escape(state.apop());
         state.spop();
         ArgumentMap arr = state.apop();
-        // If the array is a flat array, a larger part of it is modified than
-        // the size of a reference. However, if OFFSET_ANY is given as
-        // parameter to set_modified(), size is not taken into account.
-        set_modified(arr, OFFSET_ANY, type2size[T_OBJECT]*HeapWordSize);
+        // If the array is a flat array, a larger part of it is modified than the size of a reference.
+        set_modified_any_offset(arr);
         break;
       }
       case Bytecodes::_pop:
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.hpp
index 7bdd4a58146..e7e24a067fe 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/bcEscapeAnalyzer.hpp
@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ class BCEscapeAnalyzer : public ArenaObj {
   void set_method_escape(ArgumentMap vars);
   void set_global_escape(ArgumentMap vars, bool merge = false);
   void set_modified(ArgumentMap vars, int offs, int size);
+  void set_modified_any_offset(ArgumentMap vars);
 
   bool is_recursive_call(ciMethod* callee);
   void invoke(StateInfo &state, Bytecodes::Code code, ciMethod* target, ciKlass* holder);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciArrayKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciArrayKlass.cpp
index a1e8adf7f4b..4be808cb2bc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciArrayKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciArrayKlass.cpp
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ ciType* ciArrayKlass::element_type() {
   if (is_type_array_klass()) {
     return ciType::make(as_type_array_klass()->element_type());
   } else {
-    return element_klass()->as_klass();
+    return as_obj_array_klass()->element_klass()->as_klass();
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciClassList.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciClassList.hpp
index 04b13d5cae9..5e21c2c0705 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciClassList.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciClassList.hpp
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ friend class ciReplay;                 \
 friend class ciTypeArray;              \
 friend class ciType;                   \
 friend class ciReturnAddress;          \
-friend class  ciWrapper;               \
+friend class ciWrapper;                \
 friend class ciKlass;                  \
 friend class ciInstanceKlass;          \
 friend class ciInlineKlass;            \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp
index 02fcc3ea72e..41d2395aefb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp
@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ ciKlass* ciEnv::get_klass_by_name_impl(ciKlass* accessing_klass,
                              require_local);
     if (elem_klass != nullptr && elem_klass->is_loaded()) {
       // Now make an array for it
-      return ciArrayKlass::make(elem_klass);
+      return ciObjArrayKlass::make_impl(elem_klass);
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciFlatArray.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciFlatArray.hpp
index b1ffdd50c2c..d159c984434 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciFlatArray.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciFlatArray.hpp
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 // ciFlatArray
 //
 // This class represents a flatArrayOop in the HotSpot virtual machine.
+// TODO 8388127: Sync ciArray class hierarchy with arrayOopDesc class hierarchy.
 class ciFlatArray : public ciArray {
   CI_PACKAGE_ACCESS
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.cpp
index 7b4220ec636..c89be0b7239 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.cpp
@@ -1044,10 +1044,7 @@ bool ciMethod::is_compiled_lambda_form() const {
 // ciMethod::is_object_constructor
 //
 bool ciMethod::is_object_constructor() const {
-  return (name() == ciSymbols::object_initializer_name()
-          && signature()->return_type()->is_void());
-  // Note:  We can't test is_static, because that would
-  // require the method to be loaded.  Sometimes it isn't.
+  return name() == ciSymbols::object_initializer_name();
 }
 
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.cpp
index 684322ad810..a90b23b558d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.cpp
@@ -190,12 +190,12 @@ ciObjArrayKlass* ciObjArrayKlass::make(ciKlass* element_klass, bool refined_type
   GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return make_impl(element_klass, refined_type, null_free, atomic);)
 }
 
-ciArrayKlass* ciObjArrayKlass::make(ciKlass* element_klass, int dims) {
+ciObjArrayKlass* ciObjArrayKlass::make(ciKlass* element_klass, int dims) {
   ciKlass* klass = element_klass;
   for (int i = 0; i < dims; i++) {
-    klass = ciObjArrayKlass::make(klass, /* refined_type = */ false);
+    klass = make(klass, /* refined_type = */ false);
   }
-  return klass->as_array_klass();
+  return klass->as_obj_array_klass();
 }
 
 ciKlass* ciObjArrayKlass::exact_klass() {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp
index b2f14bd8ed0..b79e65afe8d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ class ciObjArrayKlass : public ciArrayKlass {
   bool is_obj_array_klass() const { return true; }
 
   static ciObjArrayKlass* make(ciKlass* element_klass, bool refined_type = true, bool null_free = false, bool atomic = true);
-  static ciArrayKlass* make(ciKlass* element_klass, int dims);
+  static ciObjArrayKlass* make(ciKlass* element_klass, int dims);
 
   virtual ciKlass* exact_klass();
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciSignature.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciSignature.cpp
index 973e96b93ba..5f764fa9d32 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciSignature.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciSignature.cpp
@@ -56,6 +56,9 @@ ciSignature::ciSignature(ciKlass* accessing_klass, const constantPoolHandle& cpo
     } else {
       type = ciType::make(ss.type());
     }
+
+    assert(type == type->unwrap(), "signature type should not be wrapped");
+
     if (ss.at_return_type()) {
       // don't include return type in size calculation
       _return_type = type;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciSignature.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciSignature.hpp
index e0e4c322e89..ec57f2bc8e8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciSignature.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciSignature.hpp
@@ -57,7 +57,11 @@ class ciSignature : public ArenaObj {
   ciKlass*  accessing_klass() const              { return _accessing_klass; }
 
   ciType*   return_type() const                  { return _return_type; }
-  ciType*   type_at(int index) const             { return _types.at(index)->unwrap(); }
+  ciType*   type_at(int index) const {
+    ciType* type = _types.at(index);
+    assert(type == type->unwrap(), "signature type should not be wrapped");
+    return _types.at(index)->unwrap();
+  }
 
   int       size() const                         { return _size; }
   int       count() const                        { return _types.length(); }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeFlow.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeFlow.cpp
index 073e2788ba2..a045623ba41 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeFlow.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeFlow.cpp
@@ -576,11 +576,9 @@ void ciTypeFlow::StateVector::push_translate(ciType* type) {
   }
 }
 
-// ------------------------------------------------------------------
-// ciTypeFlow::StateVector::do_aload
-void ciTypeFlow::StateVector::do_aload(ciBytecodeStream* str) {
+void ciTypeFlow::StateVector::do_aaload(ciBytecodeStream* str) {
   pop_int();
-  ciArrayKlass* array_klass = pop_objOrFlatArray();
+  ciObjArrayKlass* array_klass = pop_objArray();
   if (array_klass == nullptr) {
     // Did aload on a null reference; push a null and ignore the exception.
     // This instruction will never continue normally.  All we have to do
@@ -955,13 +953,13 @@ bool ciTypeFlow::StateVector::apply_one_bytecode(ciBytecodeStream* str) {
   }
 
   switch(str->cur_bc()) {
-  case Bytecodes::_aaload: do_aload(str);                           break;
+  case Bytecodes::_aaload: do_aaload(str);                           break;
 
   case Bytecodes::_aastore:
     {
       pop_object();
       pop_int();
-      pop_objOrFlatArray();
+      pop_objArray();
       break;
     }
   case Bytecodes::_aconst_null:
@@ -983,7 +981,7 @@ bool ciTypeFlow::StateVector::apply_one_bytecode(ciBytecodeStream* str) {
       if (!will_link) {
         trap(str, element_klass, str->get_klass_index());
       } else {
-        push_object(ciArrayKlass::make(element_klass));
+        push_object(ciObjArrayKlass::make(element_klass,/* refined_type = */ false));
       }
       break;
     }
@@ -3225,7 +3223,7 @@ void ciTypeFlow::record_failure(const char* reason) {
 }
 
 ciType* ciTypeFlow::mark_as_early_larval(ciType* type) {
-  // Wrap the type to carry the information that it is null-free
+  // Wrap the type to carry the information that it is "early larval"
   return env()->make_early_larval_wrapper(type);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeFlow.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeFlow.hpp
index 6df8db4ca74..bab7100e908 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeFlow.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeFlow.hpp
@@ -334,14 +334,15 @@ class ciTypeFlow : public ArenaObj {
              type_at_tos()->is_array_klass(), "must be array type");
       pop();
     }
-    // pop_objOrFlatArray and pop_typeArray narrow the tos to ciObjArrayKlass,
-    // ciFlatArrayKlass or ciTypeArrayKlass (resp.). In the rare case that an explicit
-    // null is popped from the stack, we return null.  Caller beware.
-    ciArrayKlass* pop_objOrFlatArray() {
+    // pop_objArray and pop_typeArray narrow the tos to ciObjArrayKlass
+    // or ciTypeArrayKlass (resp.). In the rare case that an explicit
+    // null is popped from the stack, we return null. Caller beware.
+    ciObjArrayKlass* pop_objArray() {
       ciType* array = pop_value();
-      if (array == null_type())  return nullptr;
-      assert(array->is_obj_array_klass(), "must be an object array type");
-      return array->as_array_klass();
+      if (array == null_type()) {
+        return nullptr;
+      }
+      return array->as_obj_array_klass();
     }
     ciTypeArrayKlass* pop_typeArray() {
       ciType* array = pop_value();
@@ -355,7 +356,7 @@ class ciTypeFlow : public ArenaObj {
     void      do_null_assert(ciKlass* unloaded_klass);
 
     // Helper convenience routines.
-    void do_aload(ciBytecodeStream* str);
+    void do_aaload(ciBytecodeStream* str);
     void do_checkcast(ciBytecodeStream* str);
     void do_getfield(ciBytecodeStream* str);
     void do_getstatic(ciBytecodeStream* str);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/scopeDesc.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/scopeDesc.hpp
index c7ae35000b2..25bd333f620 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/scopeDesc.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/scopeDesc.hpp
@@ -110,7 +110,8 @@ class ScopeDesc : public ResourceObj {
   bool          _has_ea_local_in_scope;       // One or more NoEscape or ArgEscape objects exist in
                                               // any of the scopes at compiled pc.
   bool          _arg_escape;                  // Compiled Java call in youngest scope passes ArgEscape
-  // Decoding offsets
+
+ // Decoding offsets
   int _decode_offset;
   int _sender_decode_offset;
   int _locals_decode_offset;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/vtableStubs.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/vtableStubs.cpp
index a8dc2ad7ea0..c2b57dc80b1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/vtableStubs.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/vtableStubs.cpp
@@ -253,6 +253,7 @@ inline uint VtableStubs::hash(bool is_vtable_stub, int vtable_index, bool caller
   // Assumption: receiver_location < 4 in most cases.
   int hash = ((vtable_index << 2) ^ VtableStub::receiver_location()->value()) + vtable_index;
   if (caller_is_c1) {
+    // We have different vtable stubs for C1 and C2. We therefore make sure to get different hashes.
     hash = 7 - hash;
   }
   return (is_vtable_stub ? ~hash : hash)  & mask;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/methodMatcher.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/methodMatcher.cpp
index 57c77b6516a..1f401d2e409 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/methodMatcher.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/methodMatcher.cpp
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ void MethodMatcher::parse_method_pattern(char*& line, const char*& error_msg, Me
         (strchr(method_name, JVM_SIGNATURE_ENDSPECIAL) != nullptr)) {
       if (!vmSymbols::object_initializer_name()->equals(method_name) &&
           !vmSymbols::class_initializer_name()->equals(method_name)) {
-        error_msg = "Chars '<' and '>' only allowed in <init>, <clinit>";
+        error_msg = "Chars '<' and '>' only allowed in <init> and <clinit>";
         return;
       }
     }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/c2/zBarrierSetC2.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/c2/zBarrierSetC2.cpp
index 6117754fde0..6c82f388aae 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/c2/zBarrierSetC2.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/c2/zBarrierSetC2.cpp
@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@ void ZBarrierSetC2::clone_at_expansion(PhaseMacroExpand* phase, ArrayCopyNode* a
       if (offset != arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT)) {
         assert(UseCompactObjectHeaders, "should only happen with COH");
         assert((arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT) - offset) == BytesPerLong, "unexpected offset");
-        length = phase->transform_later(new SubXNode(length, phase->longcon(1))); // Size is in longs
+        length = phase->transform_later(new SubXNode(length, phase->MakeConX(1))); // Size is in longs
         src_offset = phase->longcon(arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT));
         dest_offset = src_offset;
       }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/bytecodeInfo.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/bytecodeInfo.cpp
index 4a2b5d93cd6..d1c7e24f608 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/bytecodeInfo.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/bytecodeInfo.cpp
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ static bool is_init_with_ea(ciMethod* callee_method,
   if (callee_method->is_object_constructor()) {
     return true; // constructor
   }
-  if ((caller_method->is_object_constructor() || caller_method->is_class_initializer()) &&
+  if (caller_method->is_object_constructor() &&
       caller_method != C->method() &&
       caller_method->holder()->is_subclass_of(callee_method->holder())) {
     return true; // super constructor is called from inlined constructor
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp
index 0bd9918083f..1c073d11e0d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ const RegMask &StartNode::in_RegMask(uint) const {
 
 //------------------------------match------------------------------------------
 // Construct projections for incoming parameters, and their RegMask info
-Node *StartNode::match(const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match, const RegMask* mask) {
+Node* StartNode::match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* match) {
   switch (proj->_con) {
   case TypeFunc::Control:
   case TypeFunc::I_O:
@@ -782,15 +782,16 @@ void CallNode::calling_convention(BasicType* sig_bt, VMRegPair *parm_regs, uint
 //------------------------------match------------------------------------------
 // Construct projections for control, I/O, memory-fields, ..., and
 // return result(s) along with their RegMask info
-Node *CallNode::match(const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match, const RegMask* mask) {
+Node* CallNode::match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* match) {
   uint con = proj->_con;
-  const TypeTuple* range_cc = tf()->range_cc();
+  const TypeTuple* range_cc = _tf->range_cc();
   if (con >= TypeFunc::Parms) {
-    if (tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields()) {
+    if (_tf->returns_inline_type_as_fields()) {
       // The call returns multiple values (inline type fields): we
       // create one projection per returned value.
       assert(con <= TypeFunc::Parms+1 || InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, "only for multi value return");
       uint ideal_reg = range_cc->field_at(con)->ideal_reg();
+      const RegMask* mask = match->return_values_mask(_tf);
       return new MachProjNode(this, con, mask[con-TypeFunc::Parms], ideal_reg);
     } else {
       if (con == TypeFunc::Parms) {
@@ -2052,8 +2053,7 @@ AllocateNode::AllocateNode(Compile* C, const TypeFunc *atype,
 
 void AllocateNode::compute_MemBar_redundancy(ciMethod* initializer)
 {
-  assert(initializer != nullptr &&
-         (initializer->is_object_constructor() || initializer->is_class_initializer()),
+  assert(initializer != nullptr && initializer->is_object_constructor(),
          "unexpected initializer method");
   BCEscapeAnalyzer* analyzer = initializer->get_bcea();
   if (analyzer == nullptr) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.hpp
index e446420b3b7..465d1d429a2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.hpp
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ class StartNode : public MultiNode {
   virtual Node *Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape);
   virtual void  calling_convention( BasicType* sig_bt, VMRegPair *parm_reg, uint length ) const;
   virtual const RegMask &in_RegMask(uint) const;
-  virtual Node *match(const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m, const RegMask* mask);
+  virtual Node* match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* m);
   virtual uint ideal_reg() const { return 0; }
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   virtual void  dump_spec(outputStream *st) const;
@@ -799,7 +799,7 @@ class CallNode : public SafePointNode {
   virtual bool        cmp(const Node &n) const;
   virtual uint        size_of() const = 0;
   virtual void        calling_convention(BasicType* sig_bt, VMRegPair* parm_regs, uint argcnt) const;
-  virtual Node*       match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* m, const RegMask* mask);
+  virtual Node*       match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* m);
   virtual uint        ideal_reg() const { return NotAMachineReg; }
   // Are we guaranteed that this node is a safepoint?  Not true for leaf calls and
   // for some macro nodes whose expansion does not have a safepoint on the fast path.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp
index d2026541abd..7b8a071d39a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.cpp
@@ -1658,7 +1658,7 @@ DivModLNode* DivModLNode::make(Node* div_or_mod) {
 
 //------------------------------match------------------------------------------
 // return result(s) along with their RegMask info
-Node *DivModINode::match(const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match, const RegMask* mask) {
+Node* DivModINode::match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* match) {
   uint ideal_reg = proj->ideal_reg();
   RegMask rm;
   if (proj->_con == first_proj_num) {
@@ -1673,7 +1673,7 @@ Node *DivModINode::match(const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match, const RegMa
 
 //------------------------------match------------------------------------------
 // return result(s) along with their RegMask info
-Node *DivModLNode::match(const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *match, const RegMask* mask) {
+Node* DivModLNode::match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* match) {
   uint ideal_reg = proj->ideal_reg();
   RegMask rm;
   if (proj->_con == first_proj_num) {
@@ -1711,7 +1711,7 @@ UDivModLNode* UDivModLNode::make(Node* div_or_mod) {
 
 //------------------------------match------------------------------------------
 // return result(s) along with their RegMask info
-Node* UDivModINode::match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* match, const RegMask* mask) {
+Node* UDivModINode::match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* match) {
   uint ideal_reg = proj->ideal_reg();
   RegMask rm;
   if (proj->_con == first_proj_num) {
@@ -1726,7 +1726,7 @@ Node* UDivModINode::match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* match, const RegM
 
 //------------------------------match------------------------------------------
 // return result(s) along with their RegMask info
-Node* UDivModLNode::match( const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* match, const RegMask* mask) {
+Node* UDivModLNode::match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* match) {
   uint ideal_reg = proj->ideal_reg();
   RegMask rm;
   if (proj->_con == first_proj_num) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp
index 129d04f19f1..1a68e156a0d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/divnode.hpp
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ class DivModINode : public DivModNode {
   DivModINode(Node* ctrl, Node* dividend, Node* divisor) : DivModNode(ctrl, dividend, divisor) {}
   virtual int Opcode() const;
   virtual const Type *bottom_type() const { return TypeTuple::INT_PAIR; }
-  virtual Node *match(const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m, const RegMask* mask);
+  virtual Node* match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* m);
 
   // Make a divmod and associated projections from a div or mod.
   static DivModINode* make(Node* div_or_mod);
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ class DivModLNode : public DivModNode {
   DivModLNode(Node* ctrl, Node* dividend, Node* divisor) : DivModNode(ctrl, dividend, divisor) {}
   virtual int Opcode() const;
   virtual const Type *bottom_type() const { return TypeTuple::LONG_PAIR; }
-  virtual Node *match(const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m, const RegMask* mask);
+  virtual Node *match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* m);
 
   // Make a divmod and associated projections from a div or mod.
   static DivModLNode* make(Node* div_or_mod);
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ class UDivModINode : public DivModNode {
   UDivModINode(Node* ctrl, Node* dividend, Node* divisor) : DivModNode(ctrl, dividend, divisor) {}
   virtual int Opcode() const;
   virtual const Type *bottom_type() const { return TypeTuple::INT_PAIR; }
-  virtual Node* match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* m, const RegMask* mask);
+  virtual Node* match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* m);
 
   // Make a divmod and associated projections from a div or mod.
   static UDivModINode* make(Node* div_or_mod);
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ class UDivModLNode : public DivModNode {
   UDivModLNode(Node* ctrl, Node* dividend, Node* divisor) : DivModNode(ctrl, dividend, divisor) {}
   virtual int Opcode() const;
   virtual const Type *bottom_type() const { return TypeTuple::LONG_PAIR; }
-  virtual Node* match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* m, const RegMask* mask);
+  virtual Node* match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* m);
 
   // Make a divmod and associated projections from a div or mod.
   static UDivModLNode* make(Node* div_or_mod);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.hpp
index e1f4300949a..dc4383b6917 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.hpp
@@ -84,10 +84,10 @@ class LoopNode : public RegionNode {
          LoopNestInnerLoop     = 1<<15,
          LoopNestLongOuterLoop = 1<<16,
          MultiversionFastLoop         = 1<<17,
-         MultiversionSlowLoop         = 2<<17,
+         MultiversionSlowLoop         = 2<<17, // 1<<18
          MultiversionDelayedSlowLoop  = 3<<17,
          MultiversionFlagsMask        = 3<<17,
-         FlatArrays            = 1<<18};
+         FlatArrays            = 1<<19};
   char _unswitch_count;
   enum { _unswitch_max=3 };
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/matcher.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/matcher.cpp
index 6c44c0beadd..11d14cb090a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/matcher.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/matcher.cpp
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ void Matcher::verify_new_nodes_only(Node* xroot) {
 
 // Array of RegMask, one per returned values (inline type instances can
 // be returned as multiple return values, one per field)
-RegMask* Matcher::return_values_mask(const TypeFunc* tf) {
+RegMask* Matcher::return_values_mask(const TypeFunc* tf) const {
   const TypeTuple* range = tf->range_cc();
   uint cnt = range->cnt() - TypeFunc::Parms;
   if (cnt == 0) {
@@ -1089,11 +1089,7 @@ Node *Matcher::xform( Node *n, int max_stack ) {
               }
               if (m == nullptr) {
                 // Convert to machine-dependent projection
-                RegMask* mask = nullptr;
-                if (n->in(0)->is_Call() && n->in(0)->as_Call()->tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields()) {
-                  mask = return_values_mask(n->in(0)->as_Call()->tf());
-                }
-                m = n->in(0)->as_Multi()->match(n->as_Proj(), this, mask);
+                m = n->in(0)->as_Multi()->match(n->as_Proj(), this);
                 NOT_PRODUCT(record_new2old(m, n);)
               }
               if (m->in(0) != nullptr) // m might be top
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/matcher.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/matcher.hpp
index 2308e3cdaaf..07b8d1c6cd9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/matcher.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/matcher.hpp
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ class Matcher : public PhaseTransform {
   // Helper for match
   OptoReg::Name warp_incoming_stk_arg( VMReg reg );
 
-  RegMask* return_values_mask(const TypeFunc* tf);
+  RegMask* return_values_mask(const TypeFunc* tf) const;
 
   // Transform, then walk.  Does implicit DCE while walking.
   // Name changed from "transform" to avoid it being virtual.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
index 0f86ba5fc1e..9bcbf2717a8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
@@ -4815,7 +4815,7 @@ const Type* MemBarNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
 
 //------------------------------match------------------------------------------
 // Construct projections for memory.
-Node *MemBarNode::match(const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m, const RegMask* mask) {
+Node* MemBarNode::match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* m) {
   switch (proj->_con) {
   case TypeFunc::Control:
   case TypeFunc::Memory:
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp
index ee60e7fefaa..0b36a075e32 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp
@@ -1251,7 +1251,7 @@ class MemBarNode: public MultiNode {
   virtual Node *Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape);
   virtual uint match_edge(uint idx) const { return 0; }
   virtual const Type *bottom_type() const { return TypeTuple::MEMBAR; }
-  virtual Node *match(const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m, const RegMask* mask);
+  virtual Node* match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* m);
   // Factory method.  Builds a wide or narrow membar.
   // Optional 'precedent' becomes an extra edge if not null.
   static MemBarNode* make(Compile* C, int opcode,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.cpp
index d17dde24305..8dec62d73b3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.cpp
@@ -626,7 +626,7 @@ UMulHiLoLNode* UMulHiLoLNode::make(Node* umul_hi) {
   return umul_hi_lo;
 }
 
-Node* MulHiLoLNode::match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* match, const RegMask*) {
+Node* MulHiLoLNode::match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* match) {
   uint ideal_reg = proj->ideal_reg();
   RegMask rm;
   if (proj->_con == first_proj_num) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.hpp
index 6faa7222342..f26137dfe49 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/mulnode.hpp
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ class MulHiLoLNode : public BinaryMultiNode {
   virtual int Opcode() const;
   virtual const Type* bottom_type() const { return TypeTuple::LONG_PAIR; }
 
-  virtual Node* match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* m, const RegMask* mask);
+  virtual Node* match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* m);
 
   static MulHiLoLNode* make(Node* mul_hi);
 };
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/multnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/multnode.cpp
index fb6fc99f57b..7223a08e876 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/multnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/multnode.cpp
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ const RegMask &MultiNode::out_RegMask() const {
   return RegMask::EMPTY;
 }
 
-Node *MultiNode::match(const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m, const RegMask* mask) { return proj->clone(); }
+Node* MultiNode::match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* m) { return proj->clone(); }
 
 //------------------------------proj_out---------------------------------------
 // Get a named projection or null if not found
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/multnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/multnode.hpp
index 5465222c939..6e07421a486 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/multnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/multnode.hpp
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ class MultiNode : public Node {
   virtual bool       is_CFG() const { return true; }
   virtual uint hash() const { return NO_HASH; }  // CFG nodes do not hash
   virtual const RegMask &out_RegMask() const;
-  virtual Node *match(const ProjNode *proj, const Matcher *m, const RegMask* mask);
+  virtual Node* match(const ProjNode* proj, const Matcher* m);
   virtual uint ideal_reg() const { return NotAMachineReg; }
   ProjNode* proj_out(uint which_proj) const; // Get a named projection
   ProjNode* proj_out_or_null(uint which_proj) const;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse1.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse1.cpp
index e9305697604..2d1e0550fb6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse1.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse1.cpp
@@ -1105,7 +1105,7 @@ void Parse::do_exits() {
   // such unusual early publications.  But no barrier is needed on
   // exceptional returns, since they cannot publish normally.
   //
-  if ((method()->is_object_constructor() || method()->is_class_initializer()) &&
+  if (method()->is_object_constructor() &&
        (wrote_non_strict_final() || wrote_stable() ||
          (AlwaysSafeConstructors && wrote_fields()) ||
          (support_IRIW_for_not_multiple_copy_atomic_cpu && wrote_volatile()))) {
diff --git a/test/docs/ProblemList.txt b/test/docs/ProblemList.txt
index b08cb9519c9..6d496f62a21 100644
--- a/test/docs/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/docs/ProblemList.txt
@@ -56,4 +56,3 @@
 
 #############################################################################
 
-# Value Objects failures start here:
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java
index ef64dc12e78..18490e9f885 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java
@@ -5511,4 +5511,16 @@ static boolean testAcmp() {
     public void runTestAcmp() {
         Asserts.assertFalse(testAcmp());
     }
+
+    @Test
+    @Arguments(values = Argument.BOOLEAN_TOGGLE_FIRST_FALSE)
+    static Object[] testRefinedArrayTypeFlow(boolean flag) {
+        Object[] oArr;
+        if (flag) {
+            oArr = new Object[1];
+        } else {
+            oArr = new String[1];
+        }
+        return oArr;
+    }
 }

From 37ab50a1900d521b80a0f99e966c7ebd493f761c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Hagedorn <chagedorn@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 06:09:44 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 394/707] 8389088: [lworld] C2: assert(false) failed: empty
 program detected during loop optimization

Reviewed-by: mchevalier, thartmann
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp            |  5 ++
 .../TestPushInlineTypeDownDeadBranch.java     | 73 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 78 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestPushInlineTypeDownDeadBranch.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp
index 46016bceaf8..5a7e3eff0b8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp
@@ -3115,6 +3115,7 @@ class PushInlineTypeDown {
     _clones.map(phi->_idx, vt);
     Node_List casts;
     for (uint i = 1; i < phi->req(); ++i) {
+      assert(casts.size() == 0, "must be cleared");
       Node* n = phi->in(i);
       if (n == nullptr) {
         continue;
@@ -3142,6 +3143,10 @@ class PushInlineTypeDown {
         n->as_InlineType()->set_oop(*_phase, _phase->transform(cast));
         n = _phase->transform(n);
         if (n->is_top()) {
+          if (casts.size() > 0) {
+            // We could be skipping some unprocessed casts that are also dead. Clear the list for the next phi input.
+            casts.clear();
+          }
           break;
         }
       }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestPushInlineTypeDownDeadBranch.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestPushInlineTypeDownDeadBranch.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f9570e5995e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestPushInlineTypeDownDeadBranch.java
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8389088
+ * @summary Test that PushInlineTypeDown correctly handles dying branches in do_transform().
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions
+ *                   -Xcomp -XX:+DeoptimizeALot -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -Xcomp -XX:+StressIGVN -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestPushInlineTypeDownDeadBranch {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test(), null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static V test() {
+        //                                                                                         null
+        //                                                                                           |
+        //                                                                                           v
+        // Before Incremental Inlining: CallStaticJava   -> OpaqueParse -> CastPP -> CheckCastPP -> Phi -> InlineType -> Return
+        // After  Incremental Inlining: InlineType(null) -> OpaqueParse -> CastPP -> CheckCastPP -> Phi -> InlineType -> Return
+        // During IGVN:                 InlineType(null)                -> CastPP -> CheckCastPP -> Phi -> InlineType -> Return
+        //                              InlineType(null)                -> CastPP -> CheckCastPP -> Phi -> InlineType -> Return
+        //                              InlineType(null)                                                -> InlineType -> Return
+        // Before Patch:                InlineType(TOP /* wrong! */)                                    -> InlineType -> Return
+        //                              <empty>
+        // After Patch:                 InlineType(null)                                                -> InlineType -> Return
+        Object obj = foo(null);
+        return (V)obj;
+    }
+
+    static Object foo(Object obj) {
+        return (V)obj;
+    }
+
+    static value class V {
+        int i = 34;
+    }
+}

From 93635dedb957979d2bff5b8f05746ed35c3474c4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Hagedorn <chagedorn@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 06:17:08 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 395/707] 8346316: compiler/rangechecks/TestLongRangeCheck.java
 fails intermittently with DeoptimizeALot

Reviewed-by: mhaessig, thartmann, dlong
---
 .../jtreg/compiler/rangechecks/TestLongRangeCheck.java      | 6 ++++--
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/rangechecks/TestLongRangeCheck.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/rangechecks/TestLongRangeCheck.java
index 6c0a2403c99..1c4fbb8cc9c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/rangechecks/TestLongRangeCheck.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/rangechecks/TestLongRangeCheck.java
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 /*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2021, Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -25,8 +26,9 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 8259609 8276116
  * @summary C2: optimize long range checks in long counted loops
- * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
- * @requires vm.compMode != "Xcomp"
+ * @comment This test tests specific compile and deoptimization behaviors that are disrupted by -Xcomp or
+            -XX:+DeoptimizeALot. Let's exclude those.
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled & vm.compMode != "Xcomp" & vm.opt.DeoptimizeALot != true
  * @library /test/lib /
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.util
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox

From 185c99feb87b698f6673fe82d8f27d1560054bff Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 06:18:46 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 396/707] 8388192: [lworld] Some code is not guarded by
 Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()

Co-authored-by: Fei Yang <fyang@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: aboldtch, chagedorn, kvn
---
 .../cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp    |  6 +-
 .../cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp     | 10 +--
 .../cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp        |  7 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp | 15 +++--
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp    |  6 +-
 .../x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_arraycopy.cpp    | 11 +--
 src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp       | 67 ++++++++++---------
 src/hotspot/share/opto/macroArrayCopy.cpp     |  3 +-
 8 files changed, 72 insertions(+), 53 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index c95762dc4e6..6d17239c073 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -7911,8 +7911,10 @@ void MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register basic_lock, Register obj, Register t1, R
   // Try to lock. Transition lock bits 0b01 => 0b00
   assert(oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes() == 0, "required to avoid lea");
   orr(mark, mark, markWord::unlocked_value);
-  // Mask inline_type bit such that we go to the slow path if object is an inline type
-  andr(mark, mark, ~((int) markWord::inline_type_bit_in_place));
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    // Mask inline_type bit such that we go to the slow path if object is an inline type
+    andr(mark, mark, ~((int) markWord::inline_type_bit_in_place));
+  }
 
   eor(t, mark, markWord::unlocked_value);
   cmpxchg(/*addr*/ obj, /*expected*/ mark, /*new*/ t, Assembler::xword, memory_order_acquire);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
index c63f456e521..3341acf057a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
@@ -2623,11 +2623,13 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ eor(rscratch2, rscratch2, scratch_src_klass);
     __ cbnz(rscratch2, L_failed);
 
-    // Check for flat inline type array -> return -1
-    __ test_flat_array_oop(src, rscratch2, L_failed);
+    if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+      // Check for flat inline type array -> return -1
+      __ test_flat_array_oop(src, rscratch2, L_failed);
 
-    // Check for null-free (non-flat) inline type array -> handle as object array
-    __ test_null_free_array_oop(src, rscratch2, L_objArray);
+      // Check for null-free (non-flat) inline type array -> handle as object array
+      __ test_null_free_array_oop(src, rscratch2, L_objArray);
+    }
 
     //  if (!src->is_Array()) return -1;
     __ tbz(lh, 31, L_failed);  // i.e. (lh >= 0)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
index 65cc4bbf433..61b9633a4ef 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -7064,8 +7064,11 @@ void MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register basic_lock, Register obj, Register tmp1,
   // Try to lock. Transition lock-bits 0b01 => 0b00
   assert(oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes() == 0, "required to avoid a la");
   ori(mark, mark, markWord::unlocked_value);
-  // Mask inline_type bit such that we go to the slow path if object is an inline type
-  andi(mark, mark, ~((int) markWord::inline_type_bit_in_place));
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    // Mask inline_type bit such that we go to the slow path if object is an inline type
+    andi(mark, mark, ~((int) markWord::inline_type_bit_in_place));
+  }
+
   xori(t, mark, markWord::unlocked_value);
   cmpxchg(/*addr*/ obj, /*expected*/ mark, /*new*/ t, Assembler::int64,
           /*acquire*/ Assembler::aq, /*release*/ Assembler::relaxed, /*result*/ t);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp
index 3f2fcb1055c..7f43a1dba69 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp
@@ -1925,15 +1925,16 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ load_klass(t1, dst);
     __ bne(t1, scratch_src_klass, L_failed);
 
-    // Check for flat inline type array -> return -1
-    __ test_flat_array_oop(src, t1, L_failed);
+    if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+      // Check for flat inline type array -> return -1
+      __ test_flat_array_oop(src, t1, L_failed);
 
-    // Check for null-free (non-flat) inline type array -> handle as object array
-    __ test_null_free_array_oop(src, t1, L_objArray);
+      // Check for null-free (non-flat) inline type array -> handle as object array
+      __ test_null_free_array_oop(src, t1, L_objArray);
+    }
 
-    // if src->is_Array() isn't null then return -1
-    // i.e. (lh >= 0)
-    __ bgez(lh, L_failed);
+    // if (!src->is_Array()) return -1;
+    __ bgez(lh, L_failed);  // i.e. (lh >= 0)
 
     // At this point, it is known to be a typeArray (array_tag 0x3).
 #ifdef ASSERT
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
index aaea4173c0e..cdda8053949 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -10617,8 +10617,10 @@ void MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register basic_lock, Register obj, Register reg_r
   movptr(tmp, reg_rax);
   andptr(tmp, ~(int32_t)markWord::unlocked_value);
   orptr(reg_rax, markWord::unlocked_value);
-  // Mask inline_type bit such that we go to the slow path if object is an inline type
-  andptr(reg_rax, ~((int) markWord::inline_type_bit_in_place));
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    // Mask inline_type bit such that we go to the slow path if object is an inline type
+    andptr(reg_rax, ~((int) markWord::inline_type_bit_in_place));
+  }
 
   lock(); cmpxchgptr(tmp, Address(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
   jcc(Assembler::notEqual, slow);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_arraycopy.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_arraycopy.cpp
index 13ce582acaa..c2db4a69b23 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_arraycopy.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_arraycopy.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
 #include "stubGenerator_x86_64.hpp"
@@ -3599,11 +3600,13 @@ address StubGenerator::generate_generic_copy(address byte_copy_entry, address sh
   __ cmpq(r10_src_klass, rax);
   __ jcc(Assembler::notEqual, L_failed);
 
-  // Check for flat inline type array -> return -1
-  __ test_flat_array_oop(src, rax, L_failed);
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    // Check for flat inline type array -> return -1
+    __ test_flat_array_oop(src, rax, L_failed);
 
-  // Check for null-free (non-flat) inline type array -> handle as object array
-  __ test_null_free_array_oop(src, rax, L_objArray);
+    // Check for null-free (non-flat) inline type array -> handle as object array
+    __ test_null_free_array_oop(src, rax, L_objArray);
+  }
 
   const Register rax_lh = rax;  // layout helper
   __ movl(rax_lh, Address(r10_src_klass, lh_offset));
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
index 03c49a9bab9..1531a1721b1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiThreadState.hpp"
 #include "prims/unsafe.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/globals.hpp"
 #include "runtime/jniHandles.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/mountUnmountDisabler.hpp"
@@ -5231,11 +5232,13 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_array_copyOf(bool is_copyOfRange) {
     // should be thrown
     generate_negative_guard(length, bailout, &length);
 
-    // Handle inline type arrays
-    // TODO 8251971 This is too strong
-    generate_fair_guard(flat_array_test(load_object_klass(original)), bailout);
-    generate_fair_guard(flat_array_test(refined_klass_node), bailout);
-    generate_fair_guard(null_free_array_test(original), bailout);
+    if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+      // Handle inline type arrays
+      // TODO 8251971 This is too strong
+      generate_fair_guard(flat_array_test(load_object_klass(original)), bailout);
+      generate_fair_guard(flat_array_test(refined_klass_node), bailout);
+      generate_fair_guard(null_free_array_test(original), bailout);
+    }
 
     // Bail out if start is larger than the original length
     Node* orig_tail = _gvn.transform(new SubINode(orig_length, start));
@@ -6848,32 +6851,34 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_arraycopy() {
       slow_region->add_req(not_subtype_ctrl);
     }
 
-    // TODO 8251971 Improve this. What about atomicity? Make sure this is always folded for type arrays.
-    // If destination is null-restricted, source must be null-restricted as well: src_null_restricted || !dst_null_restricted
-    Node* src_klass = load_object_klass(src);
-    Node* adr_prop_src = basic_plus_adr(top(), src_klass, in_bytes(ArrayKlass::properties_offset()));
-    Node* prop_src = _gvn.transform(LoadNode::make(_gvn, control(), immutable_memory(), adr_prop_src,
-                                                   _gvn.type(adr_prop_src)->is_ptr(), TypeInt::INT, T_INT,
-                                                   MemNode::unordered));
-    Node* adr_prop_dest = basic_plus_adr(top(), refined_dest_klass, in_bytes(ArrayKlass::properties_offset()));
-    Node* prop_dest = _gvn.transform(LoadNode::make(_gvn, control(), immutable_memory(), adr_prop_dest,
-                                                    _gvn.type(adr_prop_dest)->is_ptr(), TypeInt::INT, T_INT,
-                                                    MemNode::unordered));
-
-    const ArrayProperties props_null_restricted = ArrayProperties::Default().with_null_restricted();
-    jint props_value = (jint)props_null_restricted.value();
-
-    prop_dest = _gvn.transform(new XorINode(prop_dest, intcon(props_value)));
-    prop_src = _gvn.transform(new OrINode(prop_dest, prop_src));
-    prop_src = _gvn.transform(new AndINode(prop_src, intcon(props_value)));
-
-    Node* chk = _gvn.transform(new CmpINode(prop_src, intcon(props_value)));
-    Node* tst = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(chk, BoolTest::ne));
-    generate_fair_guard(tst, slow_region);
-
-    // TODO 8251971 This is too strong
-    generate_fair_guard(flat_array_test(src), slow_region);
-    generate_fair_guard(flat_array_test(dest), slow_region);
+    if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+      // TODO 8251971 Improve this. What about atomicity? Make sure this is always folded for type arrays.
+      // If destination is null-restricted, source must be null-restricted as well: src_null_restricted || !dst_null_restricted
+      Node* src_klass = load_object_klass(src);
+      Node* adr_prop_src = basic_plus_adr(top(), src_klass, in_bytes(ArrayKlass::properties_offset()));
+      Node* prop_src = _gvn.transform(LoadNode::make(_gvn, control(), immutable_memory(), adr_prop_src,
+                                                     _gvn.type(adr_prop_src)->is_ptr(), TypeInt::INT, T_INT,
+                                                     MemNode::unordered));
+      Node* adr_prop_dest = basic_plus_adr(top(), refined_dest_klass, in_bytes(ArrayKlass::properties_offset()));
+      Node* prop_dest = _gvn.transform(LoadNode::make(_gvn, control(), immutable_memory(), adr_prop_dest,
+                                                      _gvn.type(adr_prop_dest)->is_ptr(), TypeInt::INT, T_INT,
+                                                      MemNode::unordered));
+
+      const ArrayProperties props_null_restricted = ArrayProperties::Default().with_null_restricted();
+      jint props_value = (jint)props_null_restricted.value();
+
+      prop_dest = _gvn.transform(new XorINode(prop_dest, intcon(props_value)));
+      prop_src = _gvn.transform(new OrINode(prop_dest, prop_src));
+      prop_src = _gvn.transform(new AndINode(prop_src, intcon(props_value)));
+
+      Node* chk = _gvn.transform(new CmpINode(prop_src, intcon(props_value)));
+      Node* tst = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(chk, BoolTest::ne));
+      generate_fair_guard(tst, slow_region);
+
+      // TODO 8251971 This is too strong
+      generate_fair_guard(flat_array_test(src), slow_region);
+      generate_fair_guard(flat_array_test(dest), slow_region);
+    }
 
     {
       PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/macroArrayCopy.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/macroArrayCopy.cpp
index 0bfc1fc6569..678c083f808 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/macroArrayCopy.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/macroArrayCopy.cpp
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "opto/macro.hpp"
 #include "opto/runtime.hpp"
 #include "opto/vectornode.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
@@ -1604,7 +1605,7 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::expand_arraycopy_node(ArrayCopyNode *ac) {
     // TODO 8251971 This is too strong
     // We need to be careful here because 'adjust_for_flat_array' will adjust offsets/length etc. which then does not work anymore for the slow call to SharedRuntime::slow_arraycopy_C.
     assert(top_src->is_flat() == top_dest->is_flat(), "must have bailed out before");
-    if (!flat_and_same_nullness) {
+    if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled() && !flat_and_same_nullness) {
       generate_flat_array_guard(&ctrl, src, merge_mem, slow_region);
       generate_flat_array_guard(&ctrl, dest, merge_mem, slow_region);
       generate_null_free_array_guard(&ctrl, dest, merge_mem, slow_region);

From 7f418b7005593dcfa4812a95ea5658bf9c72aa57 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 06:34:37 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 397/707] 8388441: [lworld] Expansion of substitutability test
 fails after macro expansion

Reviewed-by: mchevalier, chagedorn
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp           |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.cpp     | 26 +++++-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.hpp     |  2 +-
 ...stSubstitutabilityExpansionAfterMacro.java | 89 +++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 113 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestSubstitutabilityExpansionAfterMacro.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp
index 1c073d11e0d..5856438a943 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp
@@ -1404,7 +1404,7 @@ bool CallStaticJavaNode::remove_unknown_flat_array_load(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node
 Node* CallStaticJavaNode::replace_is_substitutable(PhaseIterGVN* igvn) {
   Node* left = in(TypeFunc::Parms);
   Node* right = in(TypeFunc::Parms + 1);
-  if (!InlineTypeNode::can_emit_substitutability_check(left, right)) {
+  if (!InlineTypeNode::can_emit_substitutability_check(igvn, left, right)) {
     return nullptr;
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.cpp
index b83234dbb2f..b6ddcdcaa80 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.cpp
@@ -598,14 +598,32 @@ static bool check_cycle(ciInlineKlass* vk) {
   return false;
 }
 
+// Check if 'lhs' and 'rhs' are the same oop, possibly wrapped in an InlineTypeNode.
+static bool same_oop(PhaseGVN* phase, Node* lhs, Node* rhs) {
+  InlineTypeNode* lhs_inline = lhs->isa_InlineType();
+  if (lhs_inline != nullptr && lhs_inline->is_allocated(phase)) {
+    lhs = lhs_inline->get_oop();
+  }
+  InlineTypeNode* rhs_inline = rhs->isa_InlineType();
+  if (rhs_inline != nullptr && rhs_inline->is_allocated(phase)) {
+    rhs = rhs_inline->get_oop();
+  }
+  return lhs->eqv_uncast(rhs);
+}
+
 // Check if a substitutability check between 'lhs' and 'rhs' can be implemented in IR
-bool InlineTypeNode::can_emit_substitutability_check(Node* lhs, Node* rhs) {
+bool InlineTypeNode::can_emit_substitutability_check(PhaseGVN* phase, Node* lhs, Node* rhs) {
+  // We can't create new InlineTypeNodes after macro expansion
+  if (!phase->C->allow_macro_nodes()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
   if (!lhs->bottom_type()->isa_ptr() ||
       (rhs != nullptr && !rhs->bottom_type()->isa_ptr())) {
     return false;
   }
 
-  if (rhs != nullptr && lhs->eqv_uncast(rhs)) {
+  if (rhs != nullptr && same_oop(phase, lhs, rhs)) {
     return true;
   }
 
@@ -641,7 +659,7 @@ bool InlineTypeNode::can_emit_substitutability_check(Node* lhs, Node* rhs) {
 
     Node* lhs_fv = lhs_inline->field_value(i);
     Node* rhs_fv = rhs_inline != nullptr ? rhs_inline->field_value(i) : nullptr;
-    if (!can_emit_substitutability_check(lhs_fv, rhs_fv)) {
+    if (!can_emit_substitutability_check(phase, lhs_fv, rhs_fv)) {
       return false;
     }
   }
@@ -696,7 +714,7 @@ static Node* emit_substitutability_check_pointer(GraphKit* kit, PhiNode* result,
   }
 
   Node* cmp = nullptr;
-  if (lhs->eqv_uncast(rhs)) {
+  if (same_oop(&gvn, lhs, rhs)) {
     cmp = kit->intcon(0);
   } else if (!lhs_type->is_ptr()->can_be_inline_type() || !rhs_type->is_ptr()->can_be_inline_type()) {
     // If one of the sides is not a value object, can only be substitutable if they are the same
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.hpp
index af19c5a5535..37197680f3d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.hpp
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ class InlineTypeNode : public TypeNode {
   void store_flat_array(GraphKit* kit, Node* base, Node* idx);
 
   // Implementation of the substitutability check for acmp
-  static bool can_emit_substitutability_check(Node* lhs, Node* rhs);
+  static bool can_emit_substitutability_check(PhaseGVN* phase, Node* lhs, Node* rhs);
   static Node* emit_substitutability_check(GraphKit* kit, Node* lhs, Node* rhs);
 
   // Allocates the inline type (if not yet allocated)
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestSubstitutabilityExpansionAfterMacro.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestSubstitutabilityExpansionAfterMacro.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..462d69477e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestSubstitutabilityExpansionAfterMacro.java
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8388441
+ * @summary Test acmp optimization when operands become known after macro expansion
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xbatch ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestSubstitutabilityExpansionAfterMacro {
+    record Box(Object value) { }
+    value record MyValue(Object value) { }
+
+    static boolean equals(Object a, Object b) {
+        return a == b;
+    }
+
+    // Below tests trigger InlineTypeNode::can_emit_substitutability_check only
+    // after macro expansion.
+
+    // EA leaves the right operand as Phi(InlineType<MyValue>, LoadN<Object>).
+    // The cast creates a buffered InlineTypeNode whose oop is a cast of that phi.
+    // After InlineTypeNode removal after macro expansion, both operands are equivalent.
+    static boolean test1(boolean b) {
+        Box box = b ? new Box(new MyValue(null)) : new Box(null);
+        if (box.value == null) {
+            box = new Box(new MyValue(null));
+        }
+        return equals((MyValue) box.value, box.value);
+    }
+
+    // InlineTypeNode removal changes Phi(InlineType<Integer>(oop=null), exact Object)
+    // to Phi(null, exact Object) as the right operand. The phi then becomes an exact
+    // nullable Object and can_be_inline_type() changes to false after macro expansion.
+    static boolean test2(Object obj, boolean b) {
+        return equals(obj, b ? (Integer) null : new Object());
+    }
+
+    // Both operands are phis of an InlineTypeNode and its oop. After InlineTypeNode
+    // removal, both phis collapse to the same oop and the operands become equivalent
+    // after macro expansion.
+    static boolean test3(Object obj, boolean b) {
+        Object left = b ? (MyValue) obj : obj;
+        Object right = b ? obj : (MyValue) obj;
+        // Use local acmp for fresh profiling
+        return left == right;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // Warmup and profile acmp with identity operands
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; i++) {
+            equals(args, args);
+        }
+        Object obj = new Object();
+        MyValue val = new MyValue(obj);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; i++) {
+            boolean b = (i & 1) == 0;
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test1(b), true);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test2(b ? null : obj, b), b);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test3(val, b), true);
+        }
+    }
+}
+

From 0200a83a6d4bb06859952c6ef88d78e72357a88a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 06:48:03 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 398/707] 8389453: [unix] Avoid unused variables warnings in
 libj2pkcs11 and adjust malloc rv handling

Reviewed-by: ayang
---
 make/modules/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/Lib.gmk      |  4 +-
 .../unix/native/libj2pkcs11/p11_md.c          | 40 +++++++++----------
 2 files changed, 21 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)

diff --git a/make/modules/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/Lib.gmk b/make/modules/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/Lib.gmk
index 29d1422cd78..2d7904e6016 100644
--- a/make/modules/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/Lib.gmk
+++ b/make/modules/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/Lib.gmk
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 #
 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -35,8 +35,6 @@ $(eval $(call SetupJdkLibrary, BUILD_LIBJ2PKCS11, \
     NAME := j2pkcs11, \
     OPTIMIZATION := LOW, \
     EXTRA_HEADER_DIRS := java.base:libjava, \
-    DISABLED_WARNINGS_gcc_p11_md.c := unused-variable, \
-    DISABLED_WARNINGS_clang_p11_md.c := unused-variable, \
     DISABLED_WARNINGS_clang_p11_util.c := format-nonliteral, \
     LIBS_unix := $(LIBDL), \
 ))
diff --git a/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/unix/native/libj2pkcs11/p11_md.c b/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/unix/native/libj2pkcs11/p11_md.c
index 62895895123..19f39188a18 100644
--- a/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/unix/native/libj2pkcs11/p11_md.c
+++ b/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/unix/native/libj2pkcs11/p11_md.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  */
 
 /* Copyright  (c) 2002 Graz University of Technology. All rights reserved.
@@ -79,10 +79,6 @@ JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_sun_security_pkcs11_wrapper_PKCS11_connect
     jstring jGetFunctionList) {
 
     void *hModule;
-    int i;
-    CK_ULONG ulCount = 0;
-    CK_C_GetInterfaceList C_GetInterfaceList = NULL;
-    CK_INTERFACE_PTR iList = NULL;
     CK_C_GetInterface C_GetInterface = NULL;
     CK_INTERFACE_PTR interface = NULL;
     CK_C_GetFunctionList C_GetFunctionList = NULL;
@@ -124,27 +120,31 @@ JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_sun_security_pkcs11_wrapper_PKCS11_connect
     }
 
 #ifdef DEBUG
-    C_GetInterfaceList = (CK_C_GetInterfaceList) dlsym(hModule,
-            "C_GetInterfaceList");
+    CK_C_GetInterfaceList C_GetInterfaceList = (CK_C_GetInterfaceList) dlsym(hModule, "C_GetInterfaceList");
     if (C_GetInterfaceList != NULL) {
+        CK_ULONG ulCount = 0;
         TRACE0("Connect: Found C_GetInterfaceList func\n");
         rv = (C_GetInterfaceList)(NULL, &ulCount);
         if (rv == CKR_OK) {
             TRACE1("Connect: interface list size %ld \n", ulCount);
             // retrieve available interfaces and report their info
-            iList = (CK_INTERFACE_PTR)
-                malloc(ulCount*sizeof(CK_INTERFACE));
-            rv = C_GetInterfaceList(iList, &ulCount);
-            if (ckAssertReturnValueOK(env, rv) != CK_ASSERT_OK) {
-                TRACE0("Connect: error polling interface list\n");
-                goto cleanup;
-            }
-            for (i=0; i < (int)ulCount; i++) {
-                TRACE4("Connect: name %s, version %d.%d, flags 0x%lX\n",
-                        iList[i].pInterfaceName,
-                        ((CK_VERSION *)iList[i].pFunctionList)->major,
-                        ((CK_VERSION *)iList[i].pFunctionList)->minor,
-                        iList[i].flags);
+            CK_INTERFACE_PTR iList = (CK_INTERFACE_PTR) malloc(ulCount*sizeof(CK_INTERFACE));
+            if (iList == NULL) {
+                TRACE0("Connect: error allocating interface list\n");
+            } else {
+                rv = C_GetInterfaceList(iList, &ulCount);
+                if (ckAssertReturnValueOK(env, rv) != CK_ASSERT_OK) {
+                    TRACE0("Connect: error polling interface list\n");
+                    goto cleanup;
+                }
+                for (int i=0; i < (int)ulCount; i++) {
+                    TRACE4("Connect: name %s, version %d.%d, flags 0x%lX\n",
+                            iList[i].pInterfaceName,
+                            ((CK_VERSION *)iList[i].pFunctionList)->major,
+                            ((CK_VERSION *)iList[i].pFunctionList)->minor,
+                            iList[i].flags);
+                }
+                free(iList);
             }
         } else {
             TRACE0("Connect: error polling interface list size\n");

From 775ecc3b63cb0f23d523f4c997c0605f38ce8c0e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ashay Rane <arane@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 06:53:43 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 399/707] 8389537: (fs) Failure in querying attributes of a
 OneDrive folder over SMB (win)

Reviewed-by: alanb
---
 .../classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsConstants.java  |  1 +
 .../sun/nio/fs/WindowsFileAttributes.java     | 26 ++++++++++++-------
 2 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsConstants.java b/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsConstants.java
index 8e713464f19..d8056f6f2fb 100644
--- a/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsConstants.java
+++ b/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsConstants.java
@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ private WindowsConstants() { }
     public static final int ERROR_NOT_SAME_DEVICE       = 17;
     public static final int ERROR_NOT_READY             = 21;
     public static final int ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION     = 32;
+    public static final int ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED         = 50;
     public static final int ERROR_NETWORK_ACCESS_DENIED = 65;
     public static final int ERROR_FILE_EXISTS           = 80;
     public static final int ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER     = 87;
diff --git a/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsFileAttributes.java b/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsFileAttributes.java
index 76422c9ecc9..31ea68645ef 100644
--- a/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsFileAttributes.java
+++ b/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsFileAttributes.java
@@ -390,16 +390,22 @@ static WindowsFileAttributes get(WindowsPath path, boolean followLinks)
         if (supportsGetFileInformationByName()) {
             try (NativeBuffer buffer = NativeBuffers.getNativeBuffer(SIZEOF_STAT_BASIC_INFO)) {
                 long addr = buffer.address();
-                GetFileInformationByName(path.getPathForWin32Calls(),
-                                            FileStatBasicByNameInfo, addr,
-                                            SIZEOF_STAT_BASIC_INFO);
-
-                // GetFileInformationByName() doesn't follow reparse points so if
-                // we discover that this is a reparse point and if we're being asked
-                // to follow links, then drop to the slow path.
-                int fileAttrs = unsafe.getInt(addr + OFFSETOF_STAT_BASIC_INFO_ATTRIBUTES);
-                if (!isReparsePoint(fileAttrs) || !followLinks) {
-                    return fromStatBasicInfo(addr);
+                try {
+                    GetFileInformationByName(path.getPathForWin32Calls(),
+                                                FileStatBasicByNameInfo, addr,
+                                                SIZEOF_STAT_BASIC_INFO);
+
+                    // GetFileInformationByName() doesn't follow reparse points so if
+                    // we discover that this is a reparse point and if we're being asked
+                    // to follow links, then drop to the slow path.
+                    int fileAttrs = unsafe.getInt(addr + OFFSETOF_STAT_BASIC_INFO_ATTRIBUTES);
+                    if (!isReparsePoint(fileAttrs) || !followLinks) {
+                        return fromStatBasicInfo(addr);
+                    }
+                } catch (WindowsException exc) {
+                    if (exc.lastError() != ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED) {
+                        throw exc;
+                    }
                 }
             }
         }

From d5da754c6ee1ff53726b359cb6291cd031476391 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 06:54:09 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 400/707] 8389341: [lworld] C2 Class.isAssignableFrom intrinsic
 returns false for identical array Class arguments

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, mchevalier
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp       | 12 ++++
 .../inlinetypes/TestIsAssignableFrom.java     | 58 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 70 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIsAssignableFrom.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
index 1531a1721b1..217b613b58e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
@@ -4691,6 +4691,7 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_subtype_check() {
                                 // {P,P} & superc!=subc => false
     _prim_same_path,            // {P,P} & superc==subc => true
     _prim_1_path,               // {N,P} => false
+    _ref_same_path,             // {N,N} & superk==subk => true
     _ref_subtype_path,          // {N,N} & subtype check wins => true
     _both_ref_path,             // {N,N} & subtype check loses => false
     PATH_LIMIT
@@ -4738,6 +4739,16 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_subtype_check() {
     // now we have two reference types, in klasses[0..1]
     Node* subk   = klasses[1];  // the argument to isAssignableFrom
     Node* superk = klasses[0];  // the receiver
+
+    // gen_subtype_check() refines exact array superklasses for comparison with
+    // (refined) klasses loaded from the header. Since both operands here are unrefined
+    // klasses, handle equality first. Unequal types then use the regular hierarchy check.
+    Node* cmp = _gvn.transform(new CmpPNode(subk, superk));
+    Node* bol = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(cmp, BoolTest::eq));
+    IfNode* iff = create_and_xform_if(control(), bol, PROB_STATIC_FREQUENT, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
+    region->set_req(_ref_same_path, _gvn.transform(new IfTrueNode(iff)));
+    set_control(_gvn.transform(new IfFalseNode(iff)));
+
     region->set_req(_both_ref_path, gen_subtype_check(subk, superk));
     region->set_req(_ref_subtype_path, control());
   }
@@ -4762,6 +4773,7 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_subtype_check() {
 
   // these are the only paths that produce 'true':
   phi->set_req(_prim_same_path,   intcon(1));
+  phi->set_req(_ref_same_path,    intcon(1));
   phi->set_req(_ref_subtype_path, intcon(1));
 
   // pull together the cases:
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIsAssignableFrom.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIsAssignableFrom.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fd532da93ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIsAssignableFrom.java
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8389341
+ * @summary Test that Class.isAssignableFrom returns true for two identical arguments.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test*
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=delayinline,${test.main.class}::helperDelayed
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public final class TestIsAssignableFrom {
+    static boolean test(Class<?> c) {
+        return TestIsAssignableFrom[].class.isAssignableFrom(c);
+    }
+
+    static Class<?> helperDelayed() {
+        return TestIsAssignableFrom[].class;
+    }
+
+    static boolean testLate(Class<?> c) {
+        return helperDelayed().isAssignableFrom(c);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test(TestIsAssignableFrom[].class), true);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(testLate(TestIsAssignableFrom[].class), true);
+    }
+}
+

From 66259730f376f11bc06168779f703981925abd9d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 06:56:06 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 401/707] 8389234: [lworld] Bad cast for delayed access through
 abstract value class

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, qamai
---
 src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_GraphBuilder.cpp      | 15 ++--
 .../TestAbstractDelayedAccess.java            | 71 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 82 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAbstractDelayedAccess.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_GraphBuilder.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_GraphBuilder.cpp
index bb7c10f99df..3f6993e81f1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_GraphBuilder.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_GraphBuilder.cpp
@@ -1092,12 +1092,15 @@ void GraphBuilder::load_indexed(BasicType type) {
       bool is_null_free = array_klass->is_elem_null_free();
       bool will_link;
       ciField* next_field = s.get_field(will_link);
-      bool next_needs_patching = !next_field->holder()->is_initialized() ||
+      ciInstanceKlass* next_holder = next_field->holder();
+      bool next_needs_patching = !next_holder->is_initialized() ||
                                  !next_field->will_link(method(), Bytecodes::_getfield) ||
                                  PatchALot;
       bool needs_atomic_access = array_klass->is_elem_atomic();
+      // Offset adjustment for delayed reads requires a concrete inline holder
+      bool next_holder_is_inlinetype = next_holder->is_inlinetype();
       can_delay_access = is_null_free && C1UseDelayedFlattenedFieldReads &&
-                         !next_needs_patching && !needs_atomic_access;
+                         !next_needs_patching && !needs_atomic_access && next_holder_is_inlinetype;
     }
     if (can_delay_access) {
       // potentially optimizable array access, storing information for delayed decision
@@ -1998,12 +2001,16 @@ void GraphBuilder::access_field(Bytecodes::Code code) {
               s.next();
               if (s.cur_bc() == Bytecodes::_getfield && !needs_patching) {
                 ciField* next_field = s.get_field(will_link);
-                bool next_needs_patching = !next_field->holder()->is_loaded() ||
+                ciInstanceKlass* next_holder = next_field->holder();
+                bool next_needs_patching = !next_holder->is_loaded() ||
                                           !next_field->will_link(method(), Bytecodes::_getfield) ||
                                           PatchALot;
                 // We can't update the offset for atomic accesses
                 bool next_needs_atomic_access = next_field->is_flat() && next_field->is_atomic();
-                can_delay_access = C1UseDelayedFlattenedFieldReads && !next_needs_patching && !next_needs_atomic_access && next_field->is_null_free();
+                // Offset adjustment for delayed reads requires a concrete inline holder
+                bool next_holder_is_inlinetype = next_holder->is_inlinetype();
+                can_delay_access = C1UseDelayedFlattenedFieldReads && !next_needs_patching && !next_needs_atomic_access &&
+                                   next_field->is_null_free() && next_holder_is_inlinetype;
               }
             }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAbstractDelayedAccess.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAbstractDelayedAccess.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..389bc597043
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestAbstractDelayedAccess.java
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8389234
+ * @summary Test C1 delayed access with a field declared in an abstract value class.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+public class TestAbstractDelayedAccess {
+    static abstract value class AbstractValue {
+        @NullRestricted
+        Integer i = 42;
+    }
+
+    static value class ConcreteValue extends AbstractValue { }
+
+    static class Holder {
+        @NullRestricted
+        ConcreteValue value;
+
+        Holder() {
+            value = new ConcreteValue();
+            super();
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Loading h.value starts a delayed flat field access. Resolving AbstractValue.i
+    // while it is pending must not cast the AbstractValue holder to ciInlineKlass.
+    static int test(Holder h) {
+        return h.value.i;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Holder h = new Holder();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(test(h), 42);
+        }
+    }
+}
+

From ae364a0603d1a8092be06224611a6530541bd9b0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 07:06:14 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 402/707] 8389391: [lworld] Return buffer allocation for
 late-inlined MH calls should not initialize the class

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, mchevalier
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/callGenerator.cpp      |  36 ++++--
 .../TestReturnBufferClassInitialization.java  | 104 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 133 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestReturnBufferClassInitialization.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callGenerator.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callGenerator.cpp
index 6b4bbce3d87..3f9d5891d68 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callGenerator.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callGenerator.cpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include "ci/ciMemberName.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciMethodHandle.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciObjArray.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciStreams.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compileLog.hpp"
 #include "oops/accessDecorators.hpp"
@@ -772,13 +773,19 @@ void CallGenerator::do_late_inline_helper() {
     Node* buffer_oop = nullptr;
     ciMethod* inline_method = inline_cg()->method();
     ciType* return_type = inline_method->return_type();
-    if (!call->tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields() &&
-        return_type->is_inlinetype() && return_type->as_inline_klass()->can_be_returned_as_fields()) {
-      assert(is_mh_late_inline(), "Unexpected return type");
-
-      // Allocate a buffer for the inline type returned as fields because the caller expects an oop return.
-      // Do this before the method handle call in case the buffer allocation triggers deoptimization and
-      // we need to "re-execute" the call in the interpreter (to make sure the call is only executed once).
+    // Allocate a buffer for the inline type returned as fields because the caller expects an oop return.
+    // Moving this after the call would require distinct JVM states: a next-BCI state with the result for
+    // deoptimization at an allocation safepoint and an invoke-BCI state for exceptions like OOME. The
+    // pre-call state can safely execute the call if allocation deoptimizes.
+    bool needs_return_buffer = !call->tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields() &&
+                               return_type->is_inlinetype() &&
+                               return_type->as_inline_klass()->can_be_returned_as_fields();
+    // A non-null scalarized return would require a buffer. Since allocating that buffer could
+    // initialize the value class, speculate that the result is null and deoptimize otherwise.
+    bool assert_null_return = needs_return_buffer && !return_type->as_inline_klass()->is_initialized();
+    assert(!needs_return_buffer || is_mh_late_inline(), "Unexpected return type");
+
+    if (needs_return_buffer && !assert_null_return) {
       GraphKit arg_kit(jvms, &gvn);
       {
         PreserveReexecuteState preexecs(&arg_kit);
@@ -840,6 +847,20 @@ void CallGenerator::do_late_inline_helper() {
         if (vt != nullptr) {
           if (call->tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields()) {
             vt->replace_call_results(&kit, call, C);
+          } else if (assert_null_return && !vt->is_allocated(&kit.gvn())) {
+            // Deoptimize if the result is non-null.
+            // Put the trap at the next bytecode to avoid re-executing the method handle call.
+            ciBytecodeStream iter(kit.method());
+            iter.force_bci(kit.bci());
+            assert(Bytecodes::is_invoke(iter.cur_bc()), "unexpected bytecode: %s", Bytecodes::name(iter.cur_bc()));
+            int bci = kit.bci();
+            kit.push(vt);
+            kit.set_bci(iter.next_bci());
+            result = kit.null_assert(vt);
+            kit.set_bci(bci);
+            if (!kit.stopped()) {
+              result = kit.pop();
+            }
           } else {
             // Result might still be allocated (for example, if it has been stored to a non-flat field)
             if (!vt->is_allocated(&kit.gvn())) {
@@ -899,6 +920,7 @@ void CallGenerator::do_late_inline_helper() {
       }
     }
 
+    C->set_do_cleanup(kit.stopped()); // path is dead; needs cleanup
     kit.replace_call(call, result, true, do_asserts);
   }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestReturnBufferClassInitialization.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestReturnBufferClassInitialization.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e276230a8c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestReturnBufferClassInitialization.java
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8389391
+ * @key stress randomness
+ * @summary Return buffer allocation for late-inlined MH calls should not initialize the class.
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+StressIncrementalInlining -XX:StressSeed=1
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=exclude,${test.main.class}::target
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestReturnBufferClassInitialization {
+    static boolean initialized;
+    static boolean returnNonNull;
+    static int invocations;
+
+    static value class UninitializedValue {
+        final int value;
+
+        UninitializedValue(int value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        static {
+            initialized = true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static UninitializedValue target() {
+        invocations++;
+        return returnNonNull ? new UninitializedValue(42) : null;
+    }
+
+    static final MethodHandle HANDLE;
+    static {
+        try {
+            MethodType exact = MethodType.methodType(UninitializedValue.class);
+            MethodHandle target = MethodHandles.lookup().findStatic(TestReturnBufferClassInitialization.class, "target", exact);
+            HANDLE = target.asType(exact.changeReturnType(Object.class));
+        } catch (ReflectiveOperationException e) {
+            throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Object test() throws Throwable {
+        // Late inlining 'target' through the MH requires buffering because the caller expects an oop return.
+        // C2 must not initialize UninitializedValue by allocating an unused buffer when the result is null.
+        return (Object) HANDLE.invokeExact();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
+        Asserts.assertFalse(initialized, "Should not be initialized");
+        Object result = null;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; i++) {
+            result = test();
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNull(result, "Unexpected result");
+        Asserts.assertFalse(initialized, "Should not be initialized");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(invocations, 10_000, "Unexpected invocation count");
+
+        // Test that a non-null scalarized return deoptimizes at the next BCI without re-executing target
+        returnNonNull = true;
+        result = test();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(invocations, 10_001, "Unexpected invocation count - target re-executed?");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(result, new UninitializedValue(42), "Unexpected result");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(initialized, "Should now be initialized");
+    }
+}
+

From 17e1f978d8bda8f8be3717a855856acbd23e2763 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 07:07:29 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 403/707] 8388193: [lworld] C2's ClearArray keeps zero fill
 value alive in register

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, mchevalier
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad         |   4 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad                 |   4 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad             |   4 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp |  28 ++-
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.hpp |  11 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad                 | 265 +++++++++++----------
 src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp         |  10 +-
 7 files changed, 178 insertions(+), 148 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad
index 841b4dff449..b31f7a0b2e8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/aarch64.ad
@@ -14212,7 +14212,7 @@ instruct clearArray_reg_reg_immL0(iRegL_R11 cnt, iRegP_R10 base, immL0 zero, Uni
 
 instruct clearArray_reg_reg(iRegL_R11 cnt, iRegP_R10 base, iRegL val, Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
 %{
-  predicate(((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only());
+  predicate(((ClearArrayNode*)n)->requires_word_fill());
   match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
   effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, KILL cr);
 
@@ -14230,7 +14230,7 @@ instruct clearArray_imm_reg(immL cnt, iRegP_R10 base, iRegL_R11 temp, immL0 zero
 %{
   predicate((uint64_t)n->in(2)->in(1)->get_long()
             < (uint64_t)(BlockZeroingLowLimit >> LogBytesPerWord)
-            && !((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only());
+            && !((ClearArrayNode*)n)->requires_word_fill());
   match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) zero));
   effect(TEMP temp, USE_KILL base, KILL cr);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
index b54bbf97ba6..8d9bf3ab0b2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
@@ -11096,8 +11096,8 @@ instruct inlineCallClearArray(rarg1RegL cnt, rarg2RegP base, immL_0 zero, Univer
 %}
 
 // Clear-array with dynamic array length and non-zero value.
-instruct inlineCallClearArrayWordCopy(rarg1RegL cnt, rarg2RegP base, iRegLdst val, Universe dummy, regCTR ctr) %{
-  predicate(((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only());
+instruct inlineCallClearArrayWordFill(rarg1RegL cnt, rarg2RegP base, iRegLdst val, Universe dummy, regCTR ctr) %{
+  predicate(((ClearArrayNode*)n)->requires_word_fill());
   match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
   effect(USE_KILL base, KILL ctr);
   ins_cost(8 * MEMORY_REF_COST);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
index 4743c027676..3bb4094a816 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
@@ -11376,7 +11376,7 @@ instruct clearArray_reg_reg(iRegL_R29 cnt, iRegP_R28 base, iRegL val,
                             Universe dummy)
 %{
   // temp registers must match the one used in StubGenerator::generate_zero_blocks()
-  predicate(((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only());
+  predicate(((ClearArrayNode*)n)->requires_word_fill());
   match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
   effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp1, TEMP tmp2, KILL cr);
 
@@ -11395,7 +11395,7 @@ instruct clearArray_imm_reg(immL cnt, iRegP_R28 base, immL0 zero, Universe dummy
   predicate(!UseRVV
             && (uint64_t)n->in(2)->in(1)->get_long()
                < (uint64_t)(BlockZeroingLowLimit >> LogBytesPerWord)
-            && !((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only());
+            && !((ClearArrayNode*)n)->requires_word_fill());
   match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) zero));
   effect(USE_KILL base, KILL cr);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
index cdda8053949..07dc498c48b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -6506,11 +6506,12 @@ void MacroAssembler::remove_frame(int initial_framesize, bool needs_stack_repair
 
 #ifdef COMPILER2
 
-// clear memory of size 'cnt' qwords, starting at 'base' using XMM/YMM/ZMM registers
-void MacroAssembler::xmm_clear_mem(Register base, Register cnt, Register val, XMMRegister xtmp, KRegister mask) {
+// Fill memory with 'val', for 'cnt' qwords starting at 'base', using XMM/YMM/ZMM registers.
+void MacroAssembler::xmm_fill_mem(Register base, Register cnt, Register val, XMMRegister xtmp, KRegister mask) {
   // cnt - number of qwords (8-byte words).
   // base - start address, qword aligned.
-  Label L_zero_64_bytes, L_loop, L_sloop, L_tail, L_end;
+  // val - qword pattern to fill.
+  Label L_fill_64_bytes, L_loop, L_sloop, L_tail, L_end;
   bool use64byteVector = (MaxVectorSize == 64) && (CopyAVX3Threshold == 0) && VM_Version::supports_bmi2();
   if (use64byteVector) {
     evpbroadcastq(xtmp, val, AVX_512bit);
@@ -6522,7 +6523,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::xmm_clear_mem(Register base, Register cnt, Register val, XM
     movdq(xtmp, val);
     punpcklqdq(xtmp, xtmp);
   }
-  jmp(L_zero_64_bytes);
+  jmp(L_fill_64_bytes);
 
   BIND(L_loop);
   if (MaxVectorSize >= 32) {
@@ -6535,11 +6536,11 @@ void MacroAssembler::xmm_clear_mem(Register base, Register cnt, Register val, XM
   }
   addptr(base, 64);
 
-  BIND(L_zero_64_bytes);
+  BIND(L_fill_64_bytes);
   subptr(cnt, 8);
   jccb(Assembler::greaterEqual, L_loop);
 
-  // Copy trailing 64 bytes
+  // Fill trailing 64 bytes.
   if (use64byteVector) {
     addptr(cnt, 8);
     jccb(Assembler::equal, L_end);
@@ -6665,10 +6666,12 @@ void MacroAssembler::clear_mem(Register base, int cnt, Register rtmp, XMMRegiste
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::clear_mem(Register base, Register cnt, Register val, XMMRegister xtmp,
-                               bool is_large, bool word_copy_only, KRegister mask) {
+                               bool is_large, bool requires_word_fill, KRegister mask) {
   // cnt      - number of qwords (8-byte words).
   // base     - start address, qword aligned.
   // is_large - if optimizers know cnt is larger than InitArrayShortSize
+  // requires_word_fill - if true, val contains the qword pattern to fill; if
+  //                      false, val is scratch and this method creates zero
   assert(base==rdi, "base register must be edi for rep stos");
   assert(val==rax,   "val register must be eax for rep stos");
   assert(cnt==rcx,   "cnt register must be ecx for rep stos");
@@ -6677,6 +6680,10 @@ void MacroAssembler::clear_mem(Register base, Register cnt, Register val, XMMReg
 
   Label DONE;
 
+  if (!requires_word_fill) {
+    xorptr(val, val);
+  }
+
   if (!is_large) {
     Label LOOP, LONG;
     cmpptr(cnt, InitArrayShortSize/BytesPerLong);
@@ -6695,12 +6702,13 @@ void MacroAssembler::clear_mem(Register base, Register cnt, Register val, XMMReg
     BIND(LONG);
   }
 
-  // Use longer rep-prefixed ops for non-small counts:
-  if (UseFastStosb && !word_copy_only) {
+  // Use longer rep-prefixed ops for non-small counts. rep stosb is valid only
+  // for zeroing; an arbitrary qword pattern must be copied in full.
+  if (UseFastStosb && !requires_word_fill) {
     shlptr(cnt, 3); // convert to number of bytes
     rep_stosb();
   } else if (UseXMMForObjInit) {
-    xmm_clear_mem(base, cnt, val, xtmp, mask);
+    xmm_fill_mem(base, cnt, val, xtmp, mask);
   } else {
     rep_stos();
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.hpp
index 35714d85e47..7f424966468 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.hpp
@@ -1970,15 +1970,16 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   // Inline type specific methods
   #include "asm/macroAssembler_common.hpp"
 
-  // clear memory of size 'cnt' qwords, starting at 'base';
-  // if 'is_large' is set, do not try to produce short loop
-  void clear_mem(Register base, Register cnt, Register val, XMMRegister xtmp, bool is_large, bool word_copy_only, KRegister mask=knoreg);
+  // Clear or fill 'cnt' qwords starting at 'base'. If 'requires_word_fill' is
+  // set, use 'val' as the fill value; otherwise, create zero in 'val'. If
+  // 'is_large' is set, do not try to produce a short loop.
+  void clear_mem(Register base, Register cnt, Register val, XMMRegister xtmp, bool is_large, bool requires_word_fill, KRegister mask=knoreg);
 
   // clear memory initialization sequence for constant size;
   void clear_mem(Register base, int cnt, Register rtmp, XMMRegister xtmp, KRegister mask=knoreg);
 
-  // clear memory of size 'cnt' qwords, starting at 'base' using XMM/YMM registers
-  void xmm_clear_mem(Register base, Register cnt, Register rtmp, XMMRegister xtmp, KRegister mask=knoreg);
+  // Fill memory with 'val', for 'cnt' qwords starting at 'base', using XMM/YMM/ZMM registers.
+  void xmm_fill_mem(Register base, Register cnt, Register val, XMMRegister xtmp, KRegister mask=knoreg);
 
   // Fill primitive arrays
   void generate_fill(BasicType t, bool aligned,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
index f26ace22e47..b7e0c85030c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
@@ -14774,16 +14774,18 @@ instruct MoveL2D_reg_reg(regD dst, rRegL src) %{
 %}
 
 
-// Fast clearing of an array
-// Small non-constant lenght ClearArray for non-AVX512 targets.
-instruct rep_stos(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, rax_RegL val,
+// Small zero fill for non-AVX512 targets.
+instruct rep_stos(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, immL0 zero, rax_RegL val,
                   Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
 %{
-  predicate(!((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() && !((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only() && (UseAVX <= 2));
-  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
-  effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, USE_KILL val, KILL cr);
+  predicate((UseAVX <= 2) &&
+            !((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() &&
+            ((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_zero_fill());
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) zero));
+  effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, KILL val, KILL cr);
 
   format %{ $$template
+    $$emit$$"xorq    rax, rax\t# ClearArray:\n\t"
     $$emit$$"cmp     InitArrayShortSize,rcx\n\t"
     $$emit$$"jg      LARGE\n\t"
     $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
@@ -14802,24 +14804,24 @@ instruct rep_stos(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, rax_RegL val,
        $$emit$$"vinserti128_high $tmp, $tmp\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jmpq    L_zero_64_bytes\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_loop:\t# 64-byte LOOP\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,0x20(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x40,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,0x20($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x40,$base\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_zero_64_bytes:\n\t"
        $$emit$$"sub     0x8,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jge     L_loop\n\t"
        $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jl      L_tail\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x20,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x20,$base\n\t"
        $$emit$$"sub     0x4,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_tail:\t# Clearing tail bytes\n\t"
        $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jle     L_end\n\t"
        $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_sloop:\t# 8-byte short loop\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovq   xmm0,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x8,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovq   $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x8,$base\n\t"
        $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jge     L_sloop\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_end:\n\t"
@@ -14835,10 +14837,13 @@ instruct rep_stos(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, rax_RegL val,
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
 
-instruct rep_stos_word_copy(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, rax_RegL val,
+// Small word fill for non-AVX512 targets.
+instruct rep_stos_word_fill(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, rax_RegL val,
                             Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
 %{
-  predicate(!((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() && ((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only() && (UseAVX <= 2));
+  predicate((UseAVX <= 2) &&
+            !((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() &&
+            ((ClearArrayNode*)n)->requires_word_fill());
   match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
   effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, USE_KILL val, KILL cr);
 
@@ -14856,26 +14861,26 @@ instruct rep_stos_word_copy(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, rax_RegL val,
        $$emit$$"movdq   $tmp, $val\n\t"
        $$emit$$"punpcklqdq $tmp, $tmp\n\t"
        $$emit$$"vinserti128_high $tmp, $tmp\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"jmpq    L_zero_64_bytes\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jmpq    L_fill_64_bytes\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_loop:\t# 64-byte LOOP\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,0x20(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x40,rax\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"# L_zero_64_bytes:\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,0x20($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x40,$base\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_fill_64_bytes:\n\t"
        $$emit$$"sub     0x8,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jge     L_loop\n\t"
        $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jl      L_tail\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x20,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x20,$base\n\t"
        $$emit$$"sub     0x4,rcx\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"# L_tail:\t# Clearing tail bytes\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_tail:\t# Filling tail bytes\n\t"
        $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jle     L_end\n\t"
        $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_sloop:\t# 8-byte short loop\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovq   xmm0,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x8,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovq   $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x8,$base\n\t"
        $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jge     L_sloop\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_end:\n\t"
@@ -14891,14 +14896,16 @@ instruct rep_stos_word_copy(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, rax_RegL val,
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
 
-// Small non-constant length ClearArray for AVX512 targets.
-instruct rep_stos_evex(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, legRegD tmp, kReg ktmp, rax_RegL val,
+// Small zero fill for AVX512 targets.
+instruct rep_stos_evex(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, legRegD tmp, kReg ktmp, immL0 zero, rax_RegL val,
                        Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
 %{
-  predicate(!((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() && !((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only() && (UseAVX > 2));
-  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
+  predicate((UseAVX > 2) &&
+            !((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() &&
+            ((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_zero_fill());
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) zero));
   ins_cost(125);
-  effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, TEMP ktmp, USE_KILL val, KILL cr);
+  effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, TEMP ktmp, KILL val, KILL cr);
 
   format %{ $$template
     $$emit$$"xorq    rax, rax\t# ClearArray:\n\t"
@@ -14915,28 +14922,29 @@ instruct rep_stos_evex(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, legRegD tmp, kReg ktmp, rax_
        $$emit$$"shlq    rcx,3\t# Convert doublewords to bytes\n\t"
        $$emit$$"rep     stosb\t# Store rax to *rdi++ while rcx--\n\t"
     } else if (UseXMMForObjInit) {
-       $$emit$$"mov     rdi,rax\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vpxor   ymm0,ymm0,ymm0\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"movdq   $tmp, $val\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"punpcklqdq $tmp, $tmp\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vinserti128_high $tmp, $tmp\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jmpq    L_zero_64_bytes\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_loop:\t# 64-byte LOOP\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu ymm0,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu ymm0,0x20(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x40,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,0x20($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x40,$base\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_zero_64_bytes:\n\t"
        $$emit$$"sub     0x8,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jge     L_loop\n\t"
        $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jl      L_tail\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu ymm0,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x20,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x20,$base\n\t"
        $$emit$$"sub     0x4,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_tail:\t# Clearing tail bytes\n\t"
        $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jle     L_end\n\t"
        $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_sloop:\t# 8-byte short loop\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovq   xmm0,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x8,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovq   $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x8,$base\n\t"
        $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jge     L_sloop\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_end:\n\t"
@@ -14952,16 +14960,18 @@ instruct rep_stos_evex(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, legRegD tmp, kReg ktmp, rax_
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
 
-instruct rep_stos_evex_word_copy(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, legRegD tmp, kReg ktmp, rax_RegL val,
+// Small word fill for AVX512 targets.
+instruct rep_stos_evex_word_fill(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, legRegD tmp, kReg ktmp, rax_RegL val,
                                  Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
 %{
-  predicate(!((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() && ((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only() && (UseAVX > 2));
+  predicate((UseAVX > 2) &&
+            !((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() &&
+            ((ClearArrayNode*)n)->requires_word_fill());
   match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
   ins_cost(125);
   effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, TEMP ktmp, USE_KILL val, KILL cr);
 
   format %{ $$template
-    $$emit$$"xorq    rax, rax\t# ClearArray:\n\t"
     $$emit$$"cmp     InitArrayShortSize,rcx\n\t"
     $$emit$$"jg      LARGE\n\t"
     $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
@@ -14971,32 +14981,30 @@ instruct rep_stos_evex_word_copy(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, legRegD tmp, kReg
     $$emit$$"jge     LOOP\n\t"
     $$emit$$"jmp     DONE\n\t"
     $$emit$$"# LARGE:\n\t"
-    if (UseFastStosb) {
-       $$emit$$"shlq    rcx,3\t# Convert doublewords to bytes\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"rep     stosb\t# Store rax to *rdi++ while rcx--\n\t"
-    } else if (UseXMMForObjInit) {
-       $$emit$$"mov     rdi,rax\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vpxor   ymm0,ymm0,ymm0\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"jmpq    L_zero_64_bytes\n\t"
+    if (UseXMMForObjInit) {
+       $$emit$$"movdq   $tmp, $val\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"punpcklqdq $tmp, $tmp\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vinserti128_high $tmp, $tmp\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jmpq    L_fill_64_bytes\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_loop:\t# 64-byte LOOP\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu ymm0,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu ymm0,0x20(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x40,rax\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"# L_zero_64_bytes:\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,0x20($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x40,$base\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_fill_64_bytes:\n\t"
        $$emit$$"sub     0x8,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jge     L_loop\n\t"
        $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jl      L_tail\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu ymm0,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x20,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x20,$base\n\t"
        $$emit$$"sub     0x4,rcx\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"# L_tail:\t# Clearing tail bytes\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_tail:\t# Filling tail bytes\n\t"
        $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jle     L_end\n\t"
        $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_sloop:\t# 8-byte short loop\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovq   xmm0,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x8,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovq   $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x8,$base\n\t"
        $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jge     L_sloop\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_end:\n\t"
@@ -15012,15 +15020,18 @@ instruct rep_stos_evex_word_copy(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, legRegD tmp, kReg
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
 
-// Large non-constant length ClearArray for non-AVX512 targets.
-instruct rep_stos_large(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, rax_RegL val,
+// Large zero fill for non-AVX512 targets.
+instruct rep_stos_large(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, immL0 zero, rax_RegL val,
                         Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
 %{
-  predicate(((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() && !((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only() && (UseAVX <= 2));
-  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
-  effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, USE_KILL val, KILL cr);
+  predicate((UseAVX <= 2) &&
+            ((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() &&
+            ((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_zero_fill());
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) zero));
+  effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, KILL val, KILL cr);
 
   format %{ $$template
+    $$emit$$"xorq    rax, rax\t# ClearArray:\n\t"
     if (UseFastStosb) {
        $$emit$$"shlq    rcx,3\t# Convert doublewords to bytes\n\t"
        $$emit$$"rep     stosb\t# Store rax to *rdi++ while rcx--"
@@ -15030,24 +15041,24 @@ instruct rep_stos_large(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, rax_RegL val,
        $$emit$$"vinserti128_high $tmp, $tmp\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jmpq    L_zero_64_bytes\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_loop:\t# 64-byte LOOP\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,0x20(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x40,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,0x20($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x40,$base\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_zero_64_bytes:\n\t"
        $$emit$$"sub     0x8,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jge     L_loop\n\t"
        $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jl      L_tail\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x20,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x20,$base\n\t"
        $$emit$$"sub     0x4,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_tail:\t# Clearing tail bytes\n\t"
        $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jle     L_end\n\t"
        $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_sloop:\t# 8-byte short loop\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovq   xmm0,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x8,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovq   $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x8,$base\n\t"
        $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jge     L_sloop\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_end:\n\t"
@@ -15062,10 +15073,13 @@ instruct rep_stos_large(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, rax_RegL val,
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
 
-instruct rep_stos_large_word_copy(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, rax_RegL val,
+// Large word fill for non-AVX512 targets.
+instruct rep_stos_large_word_fill(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, rax_RegL val,
                                   Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
 %{
-  predicate(((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() && ((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only() && (UseAVX <= 2));
+  predicate((UseAVX <= 2) &&
+            ((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() &&
+            ((ClearArrayNode*)n)->requires_word_fill());
   match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
   effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, USE_KILL val, KILL cr);
 
@@ -15074,26 +15088,26 @@ instruct rep_stos_large_word_copy(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, rax_Reg
        $$emit$$"movdq   $tmp, $val\n\t"
        $$emit$$"punpcklqdq $tmp, $tmp\n\t"
        $$emit$$"vinserti128_high $tmp, $tmp\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"jmpq    L_zero_64_bytes\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jmpq    L_fill_64_bytes\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_loop:\t# 64-byte LOOP\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,0x20(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x40,rax\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"# L_zero_64_bytes:\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,0x20($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x40,$base\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_fill_64_bytes:\n\t"
        $$emit$$"sub     0x8,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jge     L_loop\n\t"
        $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jl      L_tail\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x20,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x20,$base\n\t"
        $$emit$$"sub     0x4,rcx\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"# L_tail:\t# Clearing tail bytes\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_tail:\t# Filling tail bytes\n\t"
        $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jle     L_end\n\t"
        $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_sloop:\t# 8-byte short loop\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovq   xmm0,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x8,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovq   $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x8,$base\n\t"
        $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jge     L_sloop\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_end:\n\t"
@@ -15108,47 +15122,49 @@ instruct rep_stos_large_word_copy(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, regD tmp, rax_Reg
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
 
-// Large non-constant length ClearArray for AVX512 targets.
-instruct rep_stos_large_evex(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, legRegD tmp, kReg ktmp, rax_RegL val,
+// Large zero fill for AVX512 targets.
+instruct rep_stos_large_evex(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, legRegD tmp, kReg ktmp, immL0 zero, rax_RegL val,
                              Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
 %{
-  predicate(((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() && !((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only() && (UseAVX > 2));
-  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
-  effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, TEMP ktmp, USE_KILL val, KILL cr);
+  predicate((UseAVX > 2) &&
+            ((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() &&
+            ((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_zero_fill());
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) zero));
+  effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, TEMP ktmp, KILL val, KILL cr);
 
   format %{ $$template
+    $$emit$$"xorq    $val, $val\t# ClearArray:\n\t"
     if (UseFastStosb) {
-       $$emit$$"xorq    rax, rax\t# ClearArray:\n\t"
        $$emit$$"shlq    rcx,3\t# Convert doublewords to bytes\n\t"
        $$emit$$"rep     stosb\t# Store rax to *rdi++ while rcx--"
     } else if (UseXMMForObjInit) {
-       $$emit$$"mov     rdi,rax\t# ClearArray:\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vpxor   ymm0,ymm0,ymm0\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"movdq   $tmp, $val\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"punpcklqdq $tmp, $tmp\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vinserti128_high $tmp, $tmp\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jmpq    L_zero_64_bytes\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_loop:\t# 64-byte LOOP\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu ymm0,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu ymm0,0x20(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x40,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,0x20($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x40,$base\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_zero_64_bytes:\n\t"
        $$emit$$"sub     0x8,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jge     L_loop\n\t"
        $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jl      L_tail\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu ymm0,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x20,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x20,$base\n\t"
        $$emit$$"sub     0x4,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_tail:\t# Clearing tail bytes\n\t"
        $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jle     L_end\n\t"
        $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_sloop:\t# 8-byte short loop\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovq   xmm0,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x8,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovq   $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x8,$base\n\t"
        $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jge     L_sloop\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_end:\n\t"
     } else {
-       $$emit$$"xorq    rax, rax\t# ClearArray:\n\t"
        $$emit$$"rep     stosq\t# Store rax to *rdi++ while rcx--"
     }
   %}
@@ -15159,46 +15175,45 @@ instruct rep_stos_large_evex(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, legRegD tmp, kReg ktmp
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
 
-instruct rep_stos_large_evex_word_copy(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, legRegD tmp, kReg ktmp, rax_RegL val,
+// Large word fill for AVX512 targets.
+instruct rep_stos_large_evex_word_fill(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, legRegD tmp, kReg ktmp, rax_RegL val,
                                        Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
 %{
-  predicate(((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() && ((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only() && (UseAVX > 2));
+  predicate((UseAVX > 2) &&
+            ((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() &&
+            ((ClearArrayNode*)n)->requires_word_fill());
   match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
   effect(USE_KILL cnt, USE_KILL base, TEMP tmp, TEMP ktmp, USE_KILL val, KILL cr);
 
   format %{ $$template
-    if (UseFastStosb) {
-       $$emit$$"xorq    rax, rax\t# ClearArray:\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"shlq    rcx,3\t# Convert doublewords to bytes\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"rep     stosb\t# Store rax to *rdi++ while rcx--"
-    } else if (UseXMMForObjInit) {
-       $$emit$$"mov     rdi,rax\t# ClearArray:\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vpxor   ymm0,ymm0,ymm0\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"jmpq    L_zero_64_bytes\n\t"
+    if (UseXMMForObjInit) {
+       $$emit$$"movdq   $tmp, $val\t# ClearArray:\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"punpcklqdq $tmp, $tmp\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vinserti128_high $tmp, $tmp\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"jmpq    L_fill_64_bytes\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_loop:\t# 64-byte LOOP\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu ymm0,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu ymm0,0x20(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x40,rax\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"# L_zero_64_bytes:\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,0x20($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x40,$base\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_fill_64_bytes:\n\t"
        $$emit$$"sub     0x8,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jge     L_loop\n\t"
        $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jl      L_tail\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovdqu ymm0,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x20,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovdqu $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x20,$base\n\t"
        $$emit$$"sub     0x4,rcx\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"# L_tail:\t# Clearing tail bytes\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"# L_tail:\t# Filling tail bytes\n\t"
        $$emit$$"add     0x4,rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jle     L_end\n\t"
        $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_sloop:\t# 8-byte short loop\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"vmovq   xmm0,(rax)\n\t"
-       $$emit$$"add     0x8,rax\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"vmovq   $tmp,($base)\n\t"
+       $$emit$$"add     0x8,$base\n\t"
        $$emit$$"dec     rcx\n\t"
        $$emit$$"jge     L_sloop\n\t"
        $$emit$$"# L_end:\n\t"
     } else {
-       $$emit$$"xorq    rax, rax\t# ClearArray:\n\t"
        $$emit$$"rep     stosq\t# Store rax to *rdi++ while rcx--"
     }
   %}
@@ -15209,14 +15224,16 @@ instruct rep_stos_large_evex_word_copy(rcx_RegL cnt, rdi_RegP base, legRegD tmp,
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
 
-// Small constant length ClearArray for AVX512 targets.
-instruct rep_stos_im(immL cnt, rRegP base, regD tmp, rax_RegL val, kReg ktmp, Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
+// Small constant-count zero fill for AVX512 targets.
+instruct rep_stos_im(immL cnt, rRegP base, regD tmp, immL0 zero, rRegI val, kReg ktmp, Universe dummy, rFlagsReg cr)
 %{
-  predicate(!((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() && !((ClearArrayNode*)n)->word_copy_only() &&
-            ((MaxVectorSize >= 32) && VM_Version::supports_avx512vl()));
-  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
+  predicate((MaxVectorSize >= 32) &&
+            VM_Version::supports_avx512vl() &&
+            !((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_large() &&
+            ((ClearArrayNode*)n)->is_zero_fill());
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) zero));
   ins_cost(100);
-  effect(TEMP tmp, USE_KILL val, TEMP ktmp, KILL cr);
+  effect(TEMP tmp, TEMP val, TEMP ktmp, KILL cr);
   format %{ "clear_mem_imm $base , $cnt  \n\t" %}
   ins_encode %{
     __ clear_mem($base$$Register, $cnt$$constant, $val$$Register, $tmp$$XMMRegister, $ktmp$$KRegister);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp
index 0b36a075e32..eba56f931e2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp
@@ -1151,13 +1151,16 @@ class GetAndSetNNode : public LoadStoreNode {
 //------------------------------ClearArray-------------------------------------
 class ClearArrayNode: public Node {
 private:
+  // True if cnt is larger than InitArrayShortSize
   bool _is_large;
-  bool _word_copy_only;
+  // True if the fill value is a non-constant or non-zero 64-bit value. Such a
+  // value must be copied as a complete word and cannot use byte-wise zeroing.
+  bool _requires_word_fill;
   static Node* make_address(Node* dest, Node* offset, bool raw_base, PhaseGVN* phase);
 public:
   ClearArrayNode( Node *ctrl, Node *arymem, Node *word_cnt, Node *base, Node* val, bool is_large)
     : Node(ctrl, arymem, word_cnt, base, val), _is_large(is_large),
-      _word_copy_only(val->bottom_type()->isa_long() && (!val->bottom_type()->is_long()->is_con() || val->bottom_type()->is_long()->get_con() != 0)) {
+      _requires_word_fill(val->bottom_type()->isa_long() && (!val->bottom_type()->is_long()->is_con() || val->bottom_type()->is_long()->get_con() != 0)) {
     init_class_id(Class_ClearArray);
   }
   virtual int         Opcode() const;
@@ -1169,7 +1172,8 @@ class ClearArrayNode: public Node {
   virtual Node *Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape);
   virtual uint match_edge(uint idx) const;
   bool is_large() const { return _is_large; }
-  bool word_copy_only() const { return _word_copy_only; }
+  bool is_zero_fill() const { return !_requires_word_fill; }
+  bool requires_word_fill() const { return _requires_word_fill; }
   virtual uint size_of() const { return sizeof(ClearArrayNode); }
   virtual uint hash() const { return Node::hash() + _is_large; }
   virtual bool cmp(const Node& n) const {

From 81c9ea0682c54beb82f6259104f266bbc57c2fd6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Marc Chevalier <mchevalier@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 07:09:31 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 404/707] 8388709: [lworld] replay parts of JDK-8350865

Reviewed-by: dlong, thartmann
---
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp                |  11 +-
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstanceKlass.cpp      |  36 +-
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciReplay.cpp             |  37 +-
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciReplay.hpp             |   2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/memory/oopFactory.cpp       |   2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp      |  17 +-
 src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.hpp      |   2 +
 src/hotspot/share/oops/symbol.hpp             |   2 +-
 .../jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/CiReplayBase.java |   2 -
 .../compiler/ciReplay/DumpReplayBase.java     |   2 +-
 .../jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/ReplayFile.java   | 749 +++++++++++++++++-
 .../compiler/ciReplay/TestDumpReplay.java     |   4 +-
 .../ciReplay/TestDumpReplayCommandLine.java   |  10 +-
 .../ciReplay/TestIncrementalInlining.java     |   2 +-
 .../jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestInlining.java |   2 +-
 .../TestInliningProtectionDomain.java         |   2 +-
 .../ciReplay/TestInvalidReplayFile.java       |   4 +-
 .../jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestLambdas.java  |   2 +-
 .../compiler/ciReplay/TestNoClassFile.java    |   2 +-
 .../ciReplay/TestNullStaticField.java         |   2 +-
 .../jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestReplayV4.java | 238 ++++++
 .../ciReplay/TestUnresolvedClasses.java       |   2 +-
 .../ciReplay/TestValueClassArrays.java        |   2 +-
 23 files changed, 1081 insertions(+), 53 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestReplayV4.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp
index 41d2395aefb..8123d21dd98 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp
@@ -187,9 +187,9 @@ ciEnv::ciEnv(CompileTask* task)
 // {
 //   RecordLocation fp(this, "field1");
 //   // location: "field1"
-//   { RecordLocation fp(this, " field2"); // location: "field1 field2" }
+//   { RecordLocation fp(this, "field2"); // location: "field1 field2" }
 //   // location: "field1"
-//   { RecordLocation fp(this, " field3"); // location: "field1 field3" }
+//   { RecordLocation fp(this, "field3"); // location: "field1 field3" }
 //   // location: "field1"
 // }
 // // location: ""
@@ -225,10 +225,13 @@ class RecordLocation {
   // append a new component
   ATTRIBUTE_PRINTF(3, 4)
   RecordLocation(ciEnv* ci, const char* fmt, ...) {
-    end = ci->_dyno_name + strlen(ci->_dyno_name);
+    size_t len = strlen(ci->_dyno_name);
+    end = ci->_dyno_name + len;
     va_list args;
     va_start(args, fmt);
-    push(ci, " ");
+    if (len > 0) {
+      push(ci, " ");
+    }
     push_va(ci, fmt, args);
     va_end(args);
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstanceKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstanceKlass.cpp
index 41adc7de96b..596a0a8415a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstanceKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstanceKlass.cpp
@@ -838,8 +838,8 @@ class InlineTypeFieldPrinter : public StaticFieldPrinter {
     StaticFieldPrinter(out), _obj(obj) {
   }
   void do_field(fieldDescriptor* fd) {
-    do_field_helper(fd, _obj, true);
     _out->print(" ");
+    do_field_helper(fd, _obj, true);
   }
 };
 
@@ -865,27 +865,48 @@ void StaticFieldPrinter::do_field_helper(fieldDescriptor* fd, oop mirror, bool i
     case T_ARRAY:  // fall-through
     case T_OBJECT:
       if (!fd->is_null_free_inline_type()) {
-        _out->print("%s ", fd->signature()->as_quoted_ascii());
+        _out->print("%s", fd->signature()->as_quoted_ascii());
         oop value =  mirror->obj_field_acquire(fd->offset());
         if (value == nullptr) {
           if (field_type == T_ARRAY) {
-            _out->print("%d", -1);
+            _out->print(" %d", -1);
           }
-          _out->cr();
         } else if (value->is_instance()) {
           assert(field_type == T_OBJECT, "");
           if (value->is_a(vmClasses::String_klass())) {
             const char* ascii_value = java_lang_String::as_quoted_ascii(value);
-            _out->print("\"%s\"", (ascii_value != nullptr) ? ascii_value : "");
+            _out->print(" \"%s\"", (ascii_value != nullptr) ? ascii_value : "");
           } else {
             const char* klass_name  = value->klass()->name()->as_quoted_ascii();
-            _out->print("%s", klass_name);
+            _out->print(" %s", klass_name);
           }
         } else if (value->is_array()) {
           arrayOop a = (arrayOop)value;
-          _out->print("%d", a->length());
+          _out->print(" %d", a->length());
           if (value->is_objArray()) {
             objArrayOop oa = (objArrayOop)value;
+            if (value->is_flatArray()) {
+              FlatArrayKlass* klass = ((flatArrayOop)oa)->klass();
+              LayoutKind lk = klass->layout_kind();
+              _out->print(" flat");
+              if (LayoutKindHelper::is_nullable_flat(lk)) {
+                _out->print(" nullable");
+              } else {
+                _out->print(" null-free");
+              }
+              if (LayoutKindHelper::is_atomic_flat(lk)) {
+                _out->print(" atomic");
+              } else {
+                _out->print(" non-atomic");
+              }
+            } else {
+              _out->print(" ref");
+              if (oa->klass()->is_null_free_array_klass()) {
+                _out->print(" null-free");
+              } else {
+                _out->print(" nullable");
+              }
+            }
             const char* klass_name  = value->klass()->name()->as_quoted_ascii();
             _out->print(" %s", klass_name);
           }
@@ -895,6 +916,7 @@ void StaticFieldPrinter::do_field_helper(fieldDescriptor* fd, oop mirror, bool i
         break;
       } else {
         // handling of null free inline type
+        _out->print("%s", fd->signature()->as_quoted_ascii());
         ResetNoHandleMark rnhm;
         Thread* THREAD = Thread::current();
         SignatureStream ss(fd->signature(), false);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciReplay.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciReplay.cpp
index be55687cca4..733748735fe 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciReplay.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciReplay.cpp
@@ -514,15 +514,14 @@ class CompileReplay : public StackObj {
         return k;
       }
       obj = ciReplay::obj_field(obj, field);
-      // TODO 8350865 I think we need to handle null-free/flat arrays here
-      if (obj != nullptr && obj->is_refArray()) {
-        refArrayOop arr = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(obj);
+      if (obj != nullptr && obj->is_objArray()) {
+        objArrayOop arr = oop_cast<objArrayOop>(obj);
         int index = parse_int("index");
         if (index >= arr->length()) {
           report_error("bad array index");
           return nullptr;
         }
-        obj = arr->obj_at(index);
+        obj = arr->obj_at(index, THREAD);
       }
     } while (obj != nullptr);
     if (obj == nullptr) {
@@ -825,7 +824,7 @@ class CompileReplay : public StackObj {
     rec->_instructions_size = parse_int("instructions_size");
   }
 
-  // ciMethodData <klass> <name> <signature> <state> <invocation_counter> orig <length> <byte>* data <length> <ptr>* oops <length> (<offset> <klass>)* methods <length> (<offset> <klass> <name> <signature>)*
+  // ciMethodData <klass> <name> <signature> <state> <invocation_counter> orig <length> <byte>* data <length> <ptr>* oops <length> (<offset> <klass> <array properties>?)* methods <length> (<offset> <klass> <name> <signature>)*
   void process_ciMethodData(TRAPS) {
     Method* method = parse_method(CHECK);
     if (had_error()) return;
@@ -1139,12 +1138,26 @@ class CompileReplay : public StackObj {
             value = oopFactory::new_longArray(length, CHECK_(true));
           } else if (field_signature[0] == JVM_SIGNATURE_ARRAY &&
                      field_signature[1] == JVM_SIGNATURE_CLASS) {
-            Klass* actual_array_klass = parse_klass(CHECK_(true));
-            // TODO 8350865 I think we need to handle null-free/flat arrays here
-            // This handling will change the array property argument passed to the
-            // factory below
-            Klass* kelem = ObjArrayKlass::cast(actual_array_klass)->element_klass();
-            value = oopFactory::new_objArray(kelem, length, CHECK_(true));
+            const char* flatness = parse_string();
+            if (strcmp(flatness, "ref") == 0) {
+              const char* nullability = parse_string();
+              bool null_restricted = (strcmp(nullability, "null-free") == 0);
+              Klass* actual_array_klass = parse_klass(CHECK_(true));
+              Klass* kelem = ObjArrayKlass::cast(actual_array_klass)->element_klass();
+              ArrayProperties props = ArrayProperties::Default().with_non_atomic(false).with_null_restricted(null_restricted);
+              value = oopFactory::new_refArray(kelem, length, props, CHECK_(true));
+            } else if (strcmp(flatness, "flat") == 0) {
+              const char* nullability = parse_string();
+              const char* atomicity = parse_string();
+              bool null_restricted = (strcmp(nullability, "null-free") == 0);
+              bool non_atomic = (strcmp(atomicity, "non-atomic") == 0);
+              Klass* actual_array_klass = parse_klass(CHECK_(true));
+              Klass* kelem = ObjArrayKlass::cast(actual_array_klass)->element_klass();
+              ArrayProperties props = ArrayProperties::Default().with_non_atomic(non_atomic).with_null_restricted(null_restricted);
+              value = oopFactory::new_flatArray(InlineKlass::cast(kelem), length, props, CHECK_(true));
+            } else {
+              report_error("unrecognized array kind");
+            }
           } else {
             report_error("unhandled array staticfield");
           }
@@ -1190,7 +1203,7 @@ class CompileReplay : public StackObj {
     fieldDescriptor fd;
     Symbol* name = SymbolTable::new_symbol(field_name);
     Symbol* sig = SymbolTable::new_symbol(field_signature);
-    if (!k->find_local_field(name, sig, &fd) ||
+    if (!k->find_local_field(name, sig, &fd, _version >= 3) ||
         !fd.is_static() ||
         fd.has_initial_value()) {
       report_error(field_name);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciReplay.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciReplay.hpp
index f8c3e73b120..6013c284510 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciReplay.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciReplay.hpp
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ class ciReplay {
 // 1: first instanceKlass sets protection domain (8275868)
 //    replace current_mileage with invocation_count (8276095)
 // 2: incremental inlining support (8254108)
-// 3: value class array support (8375548)
+// 3: value class array support (8375548 & 8388709)
 #define REPLAY_VERSION 3 // current version, bump up for incompatible changes
 
 #endif // SHARE_CI_CIREPLAY_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/memory/oopFactory.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/memory/oopFactory.cpp
index d7fdffb6c32..c1f9f8dacc8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/memory/oopFactory.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/memory/oopFactory.cpp
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ objArrayOop oopFactory::new_objArray(Klass* klass, int length, ArrayProperties p
 }
 
 objArrayOop oopFactory::new_objArray(Klass* klass, int length, TRAPS) {
-  return  new_objArray(klass, length, ArrayProperties::Default(), THREAD);
+  return new_objArray(klass, length, ArrayProperties::Default(), THREAD);
 }
 
 refArrayOop oopFactory::new_refArray(Klass* klass, int length, ArrayProperties properties, TRAPS) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
index f335ccd5ed6..ec74f005e44 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
@@ -1583,7 +1583,7 @@ void InstanceKlass::initialize_impl(TRAPS) {
       call_class_initializer(THREAD);
     }
 
-    if (has_strict_static_fields() && !HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
+    if (has_strict_static_fields() && !HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION && !ReplayCompiles) {
       // Step 9 also verifies that strict static fields have been initialized.
       // Status bits were set in ClassFileParser::post_process_parsed_stream.
       // After <clinit>, bits must all be clear, or else we must throw an error.
@@ -2134,12 +2134,25 @@ bool InstanceKlass::find_local_field(Symbol* name, Symbol* sig, fieldDescriptor*
   if (fs.lookup(name, sig)) {
     assert(fs.name() == name, "name must match");
     assert(fs.signature() == sig, "signature must match");
-    fd->reinitialize(const_cast<InstanceKlass*>(this), fs.to_FieldInfo());
+    fd->reinitialize(this, fs.to_FieldInfo());
     return true;
   }
   return false;
 }
 
+bool InstanceKlass::find_local_field(Symbol* name, Symbol* sig, fieldDescriptor* fd, bool also_internal) const {
+  if (!also_internal) {
+    return find_local_field( name, sig, fd);
+  }
+
+  for (AllFieldStream fs(this); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {
+    if (fs.name() == name && fs.signature() == sig) {
+      fd->reinitialize(this, fs.to_FieldInfo());
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
 
 Klass* InstanceKlass::find_interface_field(Symbol* name, Symbol* sig, fieldDescriptor* fd) const {
   const int n = local_interfaces()->length();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.hpp
index 8ddf3893fd5..aba81900985 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.hpp
@@ -669,6 +669,8 @@ class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
 
   // find local field, returns true if found
   bool find_local_field(Symbol* name, Symbol* sig, fieldDescriptor* fd) const;
+  // find local field, returns true if found
+  bool find_local_field(Symbol* name, Symbol* sig, fieldDescriptor* fd, bool also_internal) const;
   // find field in direct superinterfaces, returns the interface in which the field is defined
   Klass* find_interface_field(Symbol* name, Symbol* sig, fieldDescriptor* fd) const;
   // find field according to JVM spec 5.4.3.2, returns the klass in which the field is defined
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/symbol.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/symbol.hpp
index b5277d3cde8..2fc664dfab2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/symbol.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/symbol.hpp
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ class Symbol : public MetaspaceObj {
   int index_of_at(int i, const char* substr, int substr_len) const;
 
   // Three-way compare for sorting; returns -1/0/1 if receiver is </==/> than arg
-  // note that the ordering is not alfabetical
+  // note that the ordering is not alphabetical
   inline int fast_compare(const Symbol* other) const;
 
   // Returns receiver converted to null-terminated UTF-8 string; string is
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/CiReplayBase.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/CiReplayBase.java
index 017242c6d9e..8fcdbca6ff3 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/CiReplayBase.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/CiReplayBase.java
@@ -58,9 +58,7 @@ public abstract class CiReplayBase {
     public static final String CLIENT_VM_OPTION = "-client";
     public static final String SERVER_VM_OPTION = "-server";
     public static final String TEST_CORE_FILE_NAME = "test_core";
-    public static final String RUN_SHELL_NO_LIMIT = "ulimit -c unlimited && ";
     private static final String REPLAY_FILE_OPTION = "-XX:ReplayDataFile=" + REPLAY_FILE_NAME;
-    private static final String LOCATIONS_STRING = "location: ";
     private static final String HS_ERR_NAME = "hs_err_pid";
     private static final String RUN_SHELL_ZERO_LIMIT = "ulimit -S -c 0 && ";
     private static final String VERSION_OPTION = "-version";
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/DumpReplayBase.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/DumpReplayBase.java
index 3597c0729a1..c737971e28e 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/DumpReplayBase.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/DumpReplayBase.java
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
 
 public abstract class DumpReplayBase extends CiReplayBase {
 
-    private static final String DUMP_REPLAY_PATTERN = "replay_pid";
+    protected static final String DUMP_REPLAY_PATTERN = "replay_pid";
     private List<File> replayFiles;
     private String replayFileName;
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/ReplayFile.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/ReplayFile.java
index decd3033096..ebb7e6e5b39 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/ReplayFile.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/ReplayFile.java
@@ -25,13 +25,15 @@
 
 import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
 
+import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.nio.file.Paths;
 import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.List;
+import java.util.*;
+import java.util.function.BiConsumer;
+import java.util.function.BiPredicate;
 
 public class ReplayFile {
     private final Path replayFilePath;
@@ -78,4 +80,747 @@ public void replaceLineStartingWith(String oldLine, String newLine) {
             throw new Error("Failed to read/write replay data: " + ioe, ioe);
         }
     }
+
+    static public class ParsedReplayFile {
+        sealed interface Command permits
+                VersionCommand,
+                JvmtiExportCommand,
+                InstanceKlassCommand,
+                CiInstanceKlassCommand,
+                StaticFieldCommand,
+                CiMethodDataCommand,
+                CiMethodCommand,
+                CompileCommand {}
+
+        // version <version>
+        public record VersionCommand(int version) implements Command {}
+        // JvmtiExport <field> <value>
+        public record JvmtiExportCommand(String field, int value) implements Command {}
+        // instanceKlass <name>
+        //             | @bci <klass> <name> <signature> <bci> <location>* ;
+        //             | @cpi <klass> <cpi> <location>* ;
+        sealed interface InstanceKlassCommand extends Command permits InstanceKlassCommandName, InstanceKlassCommandBci, InstanceKlassCommandCpi {}
+        public record InstanceKlassCommandName(String name) implements InstanceKlassCommand {}
+        public record InstanceKlassCommandBci(String klass, String name, String signature, int bci, List<String> location) implements InstanceKlassCommand {}
+        public record InstanceKlassCommandCpi(String klass, int cpi, List<String> location) implements InstanceKlassCommand {}
+        // ciInstanceKlass <name> <is_linked> <is_initialized> <length> tag*
+        public record CiInstanceKlassCommand(String name, boolean isLinked, boolean isInitialized, int length, List<Integer> tag) implements Command {}
+        // staticfield <klass> <field_name> [IBCSZJFD] <value>
+        //                                | "[" [IBCSZJFD] <length>
+        //                                | <array-of-klass> <length> "ref" ("nullable" | "null-free") <klass>
+        //                                                          | "flat" ("nullable" | "null-free") ("atomic" | "non-atomic") <klass>
+        //                                | "Ljava/lang/String;" <value>
+        //                                | <klass> <klass>?
+        sealed interface StaticFieldCommand extends Command permits
+                StaticFieldCommandPrimitive,
+                StaticFieldCommandPrimitiveArray,
+                StaticFieldCommandRefArray,
+                StaticFieldCommandFlatArray,
+                StaticFieldCommandNullArray,
+                StaticFieldCommandString,
+                StaticFieldCommandInstance {
+            String klass();
+            String fieldName();
+            String signature();
+        }
+        public record StaticFieldCommandPrimitive(String klass, String fieldName, String signature, String value) implements StaticFieldCommand {}
+        public record StaticFieldCommandPrimitiveArray(String klass, String fieldName, String signature, int length) implements StaticFieldCommand {}
+        public record StaticFieldCommandRefArray(String klass, String fieldName, String signature, int length, boolean nullFree, String actualKlass) implements StaticFieldCommand {}
+        public record StaticFieldCommandFlatArray(String klass, String fieldName, String signature, int length, boolean nullFree, boolean nonAtomic, String actualKlass) implements StaticFieldCommand {}
+        public record StaticFieldCommandNullArray(String klass, String fieldName, String signature) implements StaticFieldCommand {}
+        public record StaticFieldCommandString(String klass, String fieldName, String value) implements StaticFieldCommand {
+            public String signature() { return "Ljava/lang/String;"; }
+        }
+        public record StaticFieldCommandInstance(String klass, String fieldName, String signature, List<String> actualKlassOrValues) implements StaticFieldCommand {}
+        // ciMethodData <klass> <name> <signature> <state> <invocationCounter> orig <length> <byte>* data <length> <ptr>* oops <length> (<offset> <klass> <array properties>?)* methods <length> (<offset> <klass> <name> <signature>)*
+        sealed interface CiMethodDataCommandOop permits CiMethodDataCommandOopInstance, CiMethodDataCommandOopArray {}
+        public record CiMethodDataCommandOopInstance(int offset, String klass) implements CiMethodDataCommandOop {}
+        public record CiMethodDataCommandOopArray(int offset, String klass, int arrayProperties) implements CiMethodDataCommandOop {}
+        public record CiMethodDataCommandMethod(int offset, String klass, String name, String signature) {}
+        public record CiMethodDataCommand(String klass, String name, String signature, int state, int invocationCounter, List<Integer> orig, List<String> data, List<CiMethodDataCommandOop> oops, List<CiMethodDataCommandMethod> methods) implements Command {}
+        // ciMethod <klass> <name> <signature> <invocation_counter> <backedge_counter> <interpreter_invocation_count> <interpreter_throwout_count> <instructions_size>
+        public record CiMethodCommand(String klass, String name, String signature, int invocationCounter, int backedgeCounter, int interpreterInvocationCount, int interpreterThrowoutCount, int instructionsSize) implements Command {}
+        // compile <klass> <name> <signature> <entry_bci> <comp_level> inline <count> (<depth> <bci> <inline_late> <klass> <name> <signature>)*
+        public record CompileCommandInline(int depth, int bci, boolean inlineLate, String klass, String name, String signature) {}
+        public record CompileCommand(String klass, String name, String signature, int entryBci, int compLevel, List<CompileCommandInline> inlines) implements Command {}
+
+        ParsedReplayFile(List<Command> commands) { this.commands = commands; }
+        List<Command> commands;
+
+        // Set by sanity checking
+        boolean checked = false;
+        // Set by indexing, only after sanity checking
+        public record StaticField(String klass, String name) {}
+        HashMap<StaticField, StaticFieldCommand> staticFieldCommands = null;
+
+        static public ParsedReplayFile parse(File file) throws IOException {
+            return parse(Files.readAllLines(file.toPath()));
+        }
+        static public ParsedReplayFile parse(List<String> lines) {
+            return new ParsedReplayFile(lines.stream().map(ParsedReplayFile::parseLine).filter(Objects::nonNull).toList());
+        }
+        static Command parseLine(String line) {
+            List<String> pieces = Arrays.stream(line.split(" ")).filter(piece -> !piece.isEmpty()).toList();
+            int commentIdx = pieces.indexOf("#");
+            if (commentIdx >= 0) {
+                pieces = pieces.subList(0, commentIdx);
+            }
+            if (pieces.isEmpty()) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            String command = pieces.getFirst();
+            var linePieces = LinePieces.make(pieces, command);
+            var cmd = switch (command) {
+                case "version" -> parseVersion(linePieces);
+                case "JvmtiExport" -> parseJvmtiExport(linePieces);
+                case "instanceKlass" -> parseInstanceKlass(linePieces);
+                case "ciInstanceKlass" -> parseCiInstanceKlass(linePieces);
+                case "staticfield" -> parseStaticField(linePieces);
+                case "ciMethodData" -> parseCiMethodData(linePieces);
+                case "ciMethod" -> parseCiMethod(linePieces);
+                case "compile" -> parseCompile(linePieces);
+                default -> throw new RuntimeException("unknown command: " + command);
+            };
+            linePieces.checkAtEnd();
+            return cmd;
+        }
+
+        static class LinePieces {
+            int pos = 0;
+            List<String> pieces;
+
+            private LinePieces(List<String> pieces) {
+                this.pieces = List.copyOf(pieces);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public String toString() {
+                var before = pieces.subList(0, pos);
+                var after = pieces.subList(pos, pieces.size());
+                return before + ">>" + after;
+            }
+
+            static public LinePieces make(List<String> pieces, String commandName) {
+                var line = new LinePieces(pieces);
+                line.getKeywork(commandName);
+                return line;
+            }
+
+            void checkBounds(int nb) {
+                if (pos < 0)
+                    throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("negative position: " + pos);
+                if (pos + nb - 1 >= pieces.size())
+                    throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("size: " + pieces.size() + "; pos: " + pos + "; nb: " + nb);
+            }
+
+            void getKeywork(String keyword) {
+                checkBounds(1);
+                String s = getString();
+                if (!keyword.equals(s)) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("expected keyword: " + keyword + "; got: " + s);
+                }
+            }
+
+            public String getString() {
+                checkBounds(1);
+                String s = pieces.get(pos);
+                pos++;
+                return s;
+            }
+
+            public List<String> getStrings(int n) {
+                checkBounds(n);
+                List<String> sub = pieces.subList(pos, pos + n);
+                pos += n;
+                return sub;
+            }
+
+            public List<String> getLeftoverStrings() {
+                return getStrings(pieces.size() - pos);
+            }
+
+            public int getInt() {
+                String s = getString();
+                return Integer.parseInt(s);
+            }
+
+            public List<Integer> getInts(int n) {
+                List<String> s = getStrings(n);
+                return s.stream().map(Integer::parseInt).toList();
+            }
+
+            public Optional<Integer> getIntIfTwoIntsAvailable() {
+                if (pos + 1 >= pieces.size()) {
+                    return Optional.empty();
+                }
+                String s0 = pieces.get(pos);
+                String s1 = pieces.get(pos + 1);
+                try {
+                    Integer.parseInt(s0);
+                    Integer.parseInt(s1);
+                } catch (NumberFormatException _) {
+                    return Optional.empty();
+                }
+                return Optional.of(getInt());
+            }
+
+            public boolean getBool() {
+                int s = getInt();
+                return switch (s) {
+                    case 0 -> false;
+                    case 1 -> true;
+                    default -> throw new RuntimeException("unexpected bool: " + s);
+                };
+            }
+
+            public boolean getBoolKeyword(String falseKw, String trueKw) {
+                String s = getString();
+                if (s.equals(falseKw)) return false;
+                if (s.equals(trueKw)) return true;
+                throw new RuntimeException("unexepcted boolean keyword; got " + s + "; expected " + falseKw + " (for false) or " + trueKw + " (for true)");
+            }
+
+            public boolean atEnd() {
+                return pos == pieces.size();
+            }
+
+            public void checkAtEnd() {
+                if (!atEnd()) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("not at end; size: " + pieces.size() + "; pos: " + pos + "; pieces: " + this);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        static VersionCommand parseVersion(LinePieces pieces) {
+            int version = pieces.getInt();
+            return new VersionCommand(version);
+        }
+
+        static JvmtiExportCommand parseJvmtiExport(LinePieces pieces) {
+            String field = pieces.getString();
+            int value = pieces.getInt();
+            return new JvmtiExportCommand(field, value);
+        }
+
+        static InstanceKlassCommand parseInstanceKlass(LinePieces pieces) {
+            String name = pieces.getString();
+            return switch (name) {
+                case "@bci" -> parseInstanceKlassBci(pieces);
+                case "@cpi" -> parseInstanceKlassCpi(pieces);
+                default -> new InstanceKlassCommandName(name);
+            };
+        }
+
+        static InstanceKlassCommandBci parseInstanceKlassBci(LinePieces pieces) {
+            String klass = pieces.getString();
+            String name = pieces.getString();
+            String signature = pieces.getString();
+            int bci = pieces.getInt();
+            List<String> location = new ArrayList<>();
+            var nextS = pieces.getString();
+            while (!nextS.equals(";")) {
+                location.add(nextS);
+                nextS = pieces.getString();
+            }
+            return new InstanceKlassCommandBci(klass, name, signature, bci, location);
+        }
+
+        static InstanceKlassCommandCpi parseInstanceKlassCpi(LinePieces pieces) {
+            String klass = pieces.getString();
+            int cpi = pieces.getInt();
+            List<String> location = pieces.getLeftoverStrings();
+            return new InstanceKlassCommandCpi(klass, cpi, location);
+        }
+
+        static CiInstanceKlassCommand parseCiInstanceKlass(LinePieces pieces) {
+            String name = pieces.getString();
+            boolean isLinked = pieces.getBool();
+            boolean isInitialized = pieces.getBool();
+            int length = pieces.getInt();
+            List<Integer> tag = pieces.getInts(length - 1);
+            return new CiInstanceKlassCommand(name, isLinked, isInitialized, length, tag);
+        }
+
+        static boolean isPrimitiveType(char c) {
+            return "IBCSZJFD".contains(String.valueOf(c));
+        }
+
+        static StaticFieldCommand parseStaticField(LinePieces pieces) {
+            String klass = pieces.getString();
+            String fieldName = pieces.getString();
+            String signature = pieces.getString();
+            if (isPrimitiveType(signature.charAt(0))) {
+                String val = pieces.getString();
+                return new StaticFieldCommandPrimitive(klass, fieldName, signature, val);
+            }
+            if (signature.charAt(0) == '[') {
+                if (isPrimitiveType(signature.charAt(1))) {
+                    int length = pieces.getInt();
+                    return new StaticFieldCommandPrimitiveArray(klass, fieldName, signature, length);
+                } else {
+                    int length = pieces.getInt();
+                    if (length == -1) {
+                        return new StaticFieldCommandNullArray(klass, fieldName, signature);
+                    }
+                    boolean isFlat = pieces.getBoolKeyword("ref", "flat");
+                    boolean nullFree = pieces.getBoolKeyword("nullable", "null-free");
+                    if (isFlat) {
+                        boolean nonAtomic = pieces.getBoolKeyword("atomic", "non-atomic");
+                        String actualKlass = pieces.getString();
+                        return new StaticFieldCommandFlatArray(klass, fieldName, signature, length, nullFree, nonAtomic, actualKlass);
+                    } else {
+                        String actualKlass = pieces.getString();
+                        return new StaticFieldCommandRefArray(klass, fieldName, signature, length, nullFree, actualKlass);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (signature.equals("Ljava/lang/String;")) {
+                String value = pieces.getString();
+                return new StaticFieldCommandString(klass, fieldName, value);
+            }
+            List<String> actualKlassOrValues = pieces.getLeftoverStrings();
+            return new StaticFieldCommandInstance(klass, fieldName, signature, actualKlassOrValues);
+        }
+
+        // oops <length> (<offset> <klass> <array properties>?)* methods <length> (<offset> <klass> <name> <signature>)*
+        static CiMethodDataCommand parseCiMethodData(LinePieces pieces) {
+            String klass = pieces.getString();
+            String name = pieces.getString();
+            String signature = pieces.getString();
+            int state = pieces.getInt();
+            int invocationCounter = pieces.getInt();
+
+            pieces.getKeywork("orig");
+            int origLength = pieces.getInt();
+            List<Integer> orig = pieces.getInts(origLength);
+
+            pieces.getKeywork("data");
+            int datalength = pieces.getInt();
+            List<String> data = pieces.getStrings(datalength);
+
+            pieces.getKeywork("oops");
+            int oopsLength = pieces.getInt();
+            List<CiMethodDataCommandOop> oops = new ArrayList<>(oopsLength);
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < oopsLength; i++) {
+                int offset = pieces.getInt();
+                String klass_ = pieces.getString();
+                Optional<Integer> properties = pieces.getIntIfTwoIntsAvailable();
+                oops.add(
+                        properties
+                                .map(prop -> (CiMethodDataCommandOop)new CiMethodDataCommandOopArray(offset, klass_, prop))
+                                .orElse(new CiMethodDataCommandOopInstance(offset, klass_))
+                );
+            }
+
+            pieces.getKeywork("methods");
+            int methodsLength = pieces.getInt();
+            List<CiMethodDataCommandMethod> methods = new ArrayList<>(methodsLength);
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < methodsLength; i++) {
+                int offset = pieces.getInt();
+                String klass_ = pieces.getString();
+                String name_ = pieces.getString();
+                String signature_ = pieces.getString();
+                methods.add(new CiMethodDataCommandMethod(offset, klass_, name_, signature_));
+            }
+
+            return new CiMethodDataCommand(klass, name, signature, state, invocationCounter, orig, data, oops, methods);
+        }
+
+        static CiMethodCommand parseCiMethod(LinePieces pieces) {
+            String klass = pieces.getString();
+            String name = pieces.getString();
+            String signature = pieces.getString();
+            int invocationCounter = pieces.getInt();
+            int backedgeCounter = pieces.getInt();
+            int interpreterInvocationCount = pieces.getInt();
+            int interpreterThrowoutCount = pieces.getInt();
+            int instructionsSize = pieces.getInt();
+            return new CiMethodCommand(klass, name, signature, invocationCounter, backedgeCounter, interpreterInvocationCount, interpreterThrowoutCount, instructionsSize);
+        }
+
+        static CompileCommand parseCompile(LinePieces pieces) {
+            String klass = pieces.getString();
+            String name = pieces.getString();
+            String signature = pieces.getString();
+            int entryBci = pieces.getInt();
+            int compLevel = pieces.getInt();
+            pieces.getKeywork("inline");
+            int count = pieces.getInt();
+
+            List<CompileCommandInline> inlines = new ArrayList<>();
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+                int depth = pieces.getInt();
+                int bci = pieces.getInt();
+                boolean inlineLate = pieces.getBool();
+                String klass_ = pieces.getString();
+                String name_ = pieces.getString();
+                String signature_ = pieces.getString();
+                inlines.add(new CompileCommandInline(depth, bci, inlineLate, klass_, name_, signature_));
+            }
+
+            return new CompileCommand(klass, name, signature, entryBci, compLevel, inlines);
+        }
+
+        List<String> checkSanity() {
+            record Method(String klass, String name, String signature) {}
+            record Field(String klass, String name) {}
+            List<String> insanities = new ArrayList<>();
+
+            int seenVersionCommands = 0;
+            Set<Method> seenCiMethod = new HashSet<>();
+            Set<Method> seenCiMethodData = new HashSet<>();
+            Set<Method> seenCompile = new HashSet<>();
+            Set<String> seenKlasses = new HashSet<>();
+            Map<Field, String> seenFields = new HashMap<>();
+            for (Command c : commands) {
+                switch (c) {
+                    case CiInstanceKlassCommand(String name, boolean isLinked, boolean isInitialized, int length, List<Integer> tag) -> seenKlasses.add(name);
+                    case StaticFieldCommand cmd -> {
+                        String klass = cmd.klass();
+                        String fieldName = cmd.fieldName();
+                        if (!seenKlasses.contains(klass)) {
+                            insanities.add("Static field command " + cmd + " seen before the corresponding ciInstanceKlass command.");
+                        }
+                        var field = new Field(klass, fieldName);
+                        if (seenFields.containsKey(field)) {
+                            insanities.add("Already seen the static field " + klass + "::" + fieldName + " with signature " + seenFields.get(field) + ". This time, it had signature " + cmd.signature() + ".");
+                        } else {
+                            seenFields.put(field, cmd.signature());
+                        }
+                    }
+                    case CompileCommand(String klass, String name, String signature, int entryBci, int compLevel, List<CompileCommandInline> inlines) -> {
+                        var method = new Method(klass, name, signature);
+                        seenCompile.add(method);
+                        if (!seenCiMethod.contains(method)) {
+                            insanities.add("Found \"compile\" command without a \"ciMethod\" command for the same method.");
+                        }
+                        if (!seenCiMethodData.contains(method)) {
+                            insanities.add("Found \"compile\" command without a \"ciMethodData\" command for the same method.");
+                        }
+                    }
+                    case CiMethodCommand(String klass, String name, String signature, int invocationCounter, int backedgeCounter, int interpreterInvocationCount, int interpreterThrowoutCount, int instructionsSize) ->
+                        seenCiMethod.add(new Method(klass, name, signature));
+                    case CiMethodDataCommand(String klass, String name, String signature, int state, int invocationCounter, List<Integer> orig, List<String> data, List<CiMethodDataCommandOop> oops, List<CiMethodDataCommandMethod> methods) ->
+                        seenCiMethodData.add(new Method(klass, name, signature));
+                    case VersionCommand _ ->
+                        seenVersionCommands++;
+                    case InstanceKlassCommand _,
+                         JvmtiExportCommand _ -> {
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (seenCompile.isEmpty()) {
+                insanities.add("No \"compile\" command found.");
+            }
+
+            if (seenVersionCommands == 0) {
+                insanities.add("No \"version\" command found.");
+            } else if (seenVersionCommands > 1) {
+                insanities.add("Found too many \"version\" commands: " + seenVersionCommands);
+            }
+            checked = true;
+            return insanities;
+        }
+
+        // Use it only after checkSanity.
+        void index() {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(checked);
+            staticFieldCommands = new HashMap<>();
+
+            for (Command c : commands) {
+                switch (c) {
+                    case StaticFieldCommand cmd -> {
+                        String klass = cmd.klass();
+                        String fieldName = cmd.fieldName();
+                        staticFieldCommands.put(new StaticField(klass, fieldName), cmd);
+                    }
+                    case CiInstanceKlassCommand _,
+                         CiMethodCommand _,
+                         CiMethodDataCommand _,
+                         CompileCommand _,
+                         InstanceKlassCommand _,
+                         JvmtiExportCommand _,
+                         VersionCommand _ -> {}
+                }
+
+            }
+        }
+
+        static Optional<Integer> getVersion(ParsedReplayFile parsed) {
+            return parsed.commands.stream().map(cmd -> switch (cmd) { case VersionCommand(int version) -> version; default -> null; }).filter(Objects::nonNull).findAny();
+        }
+        static void compareVersion(ParsedReplayFile lhs, ParsedReplayFile rhs, List<String> differences) {
+            Optional<Integer> lhsVersion = getVersion(lhs);
+            Optional<Integer> rhsVersion = getVersion(rhs);
+
+            if (lhsVersion.isPresent() && rhsVersion.isPresent() && !lhsVersion.get().equals(rhsVersion.get())) {
+                differences.add("Versions mismatch: lhs=" + lhsVersion.get() + "; rhs=" + rhsVersion.get());
+            }
+        }
+
+        static <T> HashSet<T> extractSet(ParsedReplayFile parsed, BiConsumer<HashSet<T>, Command> f) {
+            return parsed.commands.stream().collect(
+                    HashSet::new,
+                    f,
+                    HashSet::addAll
+            );
+        }
+        static <T> void diffSets(String name, HashSet<T> lhs, HashSet<T> rhs, List<String> differences) {
+            lhs.forEach((v) -> {
+                        if (!rhs.contains(v)) {
+                            differences.add(name + " mismatch: element=" + v + " exists only in lhs");
+                        }
+                    }
+            );
+            rhs.forEach((v) -> {
+                        if (!lhs.contains(v)) {
+                            differences.add(name + " mismatch: element=" + v + " exists only in rhs");
+                        }
+                    }
+            );
+        }
+        static <T, U> HashMap<T, U> extractMap(ParsedReplayFile parsed, BiConsumer<HashMap<T, U>, Command> f) {
+            return parsed.commands.stream().collect(
+                    HashMap::new,
+                    f,
+                    HashMap::putAll
+            );
+        }
+        static <T, U> void diffMaps(String name, HashMap<T, U> lhs, HashMap<T, U> rhs, BiPredicate<U, U> eqValue, List<String> differences) {
+            lhs.forEach((key, lValue) -> {
+                        if (!rhs.containsKey(key)) {
+                            differences.add(name + " mismatch: key=" + key + " exists only in lhs");
+                        } else {
+                            U rValue = rhs.get(key);
+                            if (!eqValue.test(lValue, rValue)) {
+                                differences.add(name + " mismatch: for key=" + key + "; value in lhs=" + lValue + "; value in rhs=" + rValue);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+            );
+            rhs.forEach((key, _) -> {
+                        if (!lhs.containsKey(key)) {
+                            differences.add(name + " mismatch: key=" + key + " exists only in rhs");
+                        }
+                    }
+            );
+        }
+
+        static void compareJvmtiExport(ParsedReplayFile lhs, ParsedReplayFile rhs, List<String> differences) {
+            BiConsumer<HashMap<String, Integer>, Command> folder = (acc, command) -> {
+                if (command instanceof JvmtiExportCommand(String field, int value)) {
+                    acc.put(field, value);
+                }
+            };
+            HashMap<String, Integer> lhsJvmti = extractMap(lhs, folder);
+            HashMap<String, Integer> rhsJvmti = extractMap(rhs, folder);
+            diffMaps("JvmtiExport", lhsJvmti, rhsJvmti, Integer::equals, differences);
+        }
+
+        static void compareInstanceKlassNames(ParsedReplayFile lhs, ParsedReplayFile rhs, List<String> differences) {
+            BiConsumer<HashSet<String>, Command> folder = (acc, command) -> {
+                if (command instanceof InstanceKlassCommandName(String name)) {
+                    acc.add(name);
+                }
+            };
+            HashSet<String> lhsKlasses = extractSet(lhs, folder);
+            HashSet<String> rhsKlasses = extractSet(rhs, folder);
+            diffSets("InstanceKlass", lhsKlasses, rhsKlasses, differences);
+        }
+        static void compareInstanceKlassCpi(ParsedReplayFile lhs, ParsedReplayFile rhs, List<String> differences) {
+            record Key(String klass, int cpi) {}
+            BiConsumer<HashMap<Key, List<String>>, Command> folder = (acc, command) -> {
+                if (command instanceof InstanceKlassCommandCpi(String klass, int cpi, List<String> location)) {
+                    acc.put(new Key(klass, cpi), location);
+                }
+            };
+            var lhsKlasses = extractMap(lhs, folder);
+            var rhsKlasses = extractMap(rhs, folder);
+            diffMaps("InstanceKlass", lhsKlasses, rhsKlasses, List::equals, differences);
+        }
+        static void compareInstanceKlassBci(ParsedReplayFile lhs, ParsedReplayFile rhs, List<String> differences) {
+            record Key(String klass, String name, String signature, int bci) {}
+            BiConsumer<HashMap<Key, List<String>>, Command> folder = (acc, command) -> {
+                if (command instanceof InstanceKlassCommandBci(String klass, String name, String signature, int bci, List<String> location)) {
+                    acc.put(new Key(klass, name, signature, bci), location);
+                }
+            };
+            var lhsKlasses = extractMap(lhs, folder);
+            var rhsKlasses = extractMap(rhs, folder);
+            diffMaps("InstanceKlass", lhsKlasses, rhsKlasses, List::equals, differences);
+        }
+        static void compareInstanceKlasses(ParsedReplayFile lhs, ParsedReplayFile rhs, List<String> differences) {
+            compareInstanceKlassNames(lhs, rhs, differences);
+            compareInstanceKlassCpi(lhs, rhs, differences);
+            compareInstanceKlassBci(lhs, rhs, differences);
+        }
+
+        static void compareCiInstanceKlasses(ParsedReplayFile lhs, ParsedReplayFile rhs, List<String> differences) {
+            record Element(String name, boolean isLinked, boolean isInitialized, int length) {}
+            BiConsumer<HashSet<Element>, Command> folder = (acc, command) -> {
+                if (command instanceof CiInstanceKlassCommand(String name, boolean isLinked, boolean isInitialized, int length, List<Integer> _)) {
+                    acc.add(new Element(name, isLinked, isInitialized, length));
+                }
+            };
+            var lhsCiLlasses = extractSet(lhs, folder);
+            var rhsCiLlasses = extractSet(rhs, folder);
+            diffSets("CiInstanceKlass", lhsCiLlasses, rhsCiLlasses, differences);
+        }
+
+        static void compareStaticFieldCommandPrimitive(ParsedReplayFile lhs, ParsedReplayFile rhs, List<String> differences) {
+            record Key(String klass, String fieldName, String signature) {}
+            BiConsumer<HashMap<Key, String>, Command> folder = (acc, command) -> {
+                if (command instanceof StaticFieldCommandPrimitive(String klass, String fieldName, String signature, String value)) {
+                    acc.put(new Key(klass, fieldName, signature), value);
+                }
+            };
+            var lhsStaticFields = extractMap(lhs, folder);
+            var rhsStaticFields = extractMap(rhs, folder);
+            diffMaps("CiInstanceKlass", lhsStaticFields, rhsStaticFields, String::equals, differences);
+        }
+        static void compareStaticFieldCommandPrimitiveArray(ParsedReplayFile lhs, ParsedReplayFile rhs, List<String> differences) {
+            record Key(String klass, String fieldName, String signature) {}
+            BiConsumer<HashMap<Key, Integer>, Command> folder = (acc, command) -> {
+                if (command instanceof StaticFieldCommandPrimitiveArray(String klass, String fieldName, String signature, int length)) {
+                    acc.put(new Key(klass, fieldName, signature), length);
+                }
+            };
+            var lhsStaticFields = extractMap(lhs, folder);
+            var rhsStaticFields = extractMap(rhs, folder);
+            diffMaps("CiInstanceKlass", lhsStaticFields, rhsStaticFields, Integer::equals, differences);
+        }
+        static void compareStaticFieldCommandRefArray(ParsedReplayFile lhs, ParsedReplayFile rhs, List<String> differences) {
+            record Key(String klass, String fieldName, String signature) {}
+            record Value(int length, boolean nullFree, String actualKlass) {}
+            BiConsumer<HashMap<Key, Value>, Command> folder = (acc, command) -> {
+                if (command instanceof StaticFieldCommandRefArray(String klass, String fieldName, String signature, int length, boolean nullFree, String actualKlass)) {
+                    acc.put(new Key(klass, fieldName, signature), new Value(length, nullFree, actualKlass));
+                }
+            };
+            var lhsStaticFields = extractMap(lhs, folder);
+            var rhsStaticFields = extractMap(rhs, folder);
+            diffMaps("CiInstanceKlass", lhsStaticFields, rhsStaticFields, Value::equals, differences);
+        }
+        static void compareStaticFieldCommandFlatArray(ParsedReplayFile lhs, ParsedReplayFile rhs, List<String> differences) {
+            record Key(String klass, String fieldName, String signature) {}
+            record Value(int length, boolean nullFree, boolean nonAtomic, String actualKlass) {}
+            BiConsumer<HashMap<Key, Value>, Command> folder = (acc, command) -> {
+                if (command instanceof StaticFieldCommandFlatArray(String klass, String fieldName, String signature, int length, boolean nullFree, boolean nonAtomic, String actualKlass)) {
+                    acc.put(new Key(klass, fieldName, signature), new Value(length, nullFree, nonAtomic, actualKlass));
+                }
+            };
+            var lhsStaticFields = extractMap(lhs, folder);
+            var rhsStaticFields = extractMap(rhs, folder);
+            diffMaps("CiInstanceKlass", lhsStaticFields, rhsStaticFields, Value::equals, differences);
+        }
+        static void compareStaticFieldCommandNullArray(ParsedReplayFile lhs, ParsedReplayFile rhs, List<String> differences) {
+            record Element(String klass, String fieldName, String signature) {}
+            BiConsumer<HashSet<Element>, Command> folder = (acc, command) -> {
+                if (command instanceof StaticFieldCommandNullArray(String klass, String fieldName, String signature)) {
+                    acc.add(new Element(klass, fieldName, signature));
+                }
+            };
+            var lhsStaticFields = extractSet(lhs, folder);
+            var rhsStaticFields = extractSet(rhs, folder);
+            diffSets("CiInstanceKlass", lhsStaticFields, rhsStaticFields, differences);
+        }
+        static void compareStaticFieldCommandString(ParsedReplayFile lhs, ParsedReplayFile rhs, List<String> differences) {
+            record Key(String klass, String fieldName) {}
+            BiConsumer<HashMap<Key, String>, Command> folder = (acc, command) -> {
+                if (command instanceof StaticFieldCommandString(String klass, String fieldName, String value)) {
+                    acc.put(new Key(klass, fieldName), value);
+                }
+            };
+            var lhsStaticFields = extractMap(lhs, folder);
+            var rhsStaticFields = extractMap(rhs, folder);
+            diffMaps("CiInstanceKlass", lhsStaticFields, rhsStaticFields, String::equals, differences);
+        }
+        static void compareStaticFieldCommandInstance(ParsedReplayFile lhs, ParsedReplayFile rhs, List<String> differences) {
+            record Key(String klass, String fieldName, String signature) {}
+            BiConsumer<HashMap<Key, List<String>>, Command> folder = (acc, command) -> {
+                if (command instanceof StaticFieldCommandInstance(String klass, String fieldName, String signature, List<String> actualKlassOrValues)) {
+                    acc.put(new Key(klass, fieldName, signature), actualKlassOrValues);
+                }
+            };
+            var lhsStaticFields = extractMap(lhs, folder);
+            var rhsStaticFields = extractMap(rhs, folder);
+            diffMaps("CiInstanceKlass", lhsStaticFields, rhsStaticFields, List::equals, differences);
+        }
+        static void compareStaticFieldCommand(ParsedReplayFile lhs, ParsedReplayFile rhs, List<String> differences) {
+            compareStaticFieldCommandPrimitive(lhs, rhs, differences);
+            compareStaticFieldCommandPrimitiveArray(lhs, rhs, differences);
+            compareStaticFieldCommandRefArray(lhs, rhs, differences);
+            compareStaticFieldCommandFlatArray(lhs, rhs, differences);
+            compareStaticFieldCommandNullArray(lhs, rhs, differences);
+            compareStaticFieldCommandString(lhs, rhs, differences);
+            compareStaticFieldCommandInstance(lhs, rhs, differences);
+        }
+
+        static void compareCiMethodDataCommand(ParsedReplayFile lhs, ParsedReplayFile rhs, List<String> differences) {
+            record Key(String klass, String name, String signature) {}
+            record Value(int state, int invocationCounter) {}
+            BiConsumer<HashMap<Key, Value>, Command> folder = (acc, command) -> {
+                if (command instanceof CiMethodDataCommand(String klass, String name, String signature, int state, int invocationCounter, List<Integer> _, List<String> _, List<CiMethodDataCommandOop> _, List<CiMethodDataCommandMethod> _)) {
+                    acc.put(new Key(klass, name, signature), new Value(state, invocationCounter));
+                }
+            };
+            var lhsStaticFields = extractMap(lhs, folder);
+            var rhsStaticFields = extractMap(rhs, folder);
+            diffMaps("CiInstanceKlass", lhsStaticFields, rhsStaticFields, Value::equals, differences);
+        }
+
+        static void compareCiMethodCommand(ParsedReplayFile lhs, ParsedReplayFile rhs, List<String> differences) {
+            record Key(String klass, String name, String signature) {}
+            record Value(int invocationCounter, int backedgeCounter, int interpreterInvocationCount, int interpreterThrowoutCount, int instructionsSize) {}
+            BiConsumer<HashMap<Key, Value>, Command> folder = (acc, command) -> {
+                if (command instanceof CiMethodCommand(String klass, String name, String signature, int invocationCounter, int backedgeCounter, int interpreterInvocationCount, int interpreterThrowoutCount, int instructionsSize)) {
+                    acc.put(new Key(klass, name, signature), new Value(invocationCounter, backedgeCounter, interpreterInvocationCount, interpreterThrowoutCount, instructionsSize));
+                }
+            };
+            var lhsStaticFields = extractMap(lhs, folder);
+            var rhsStaticFields = extractMap(rhs, folder);
+            diffMaps("CiInstanceKlass", lhsStaticFields, rhsStaticFields, Value::equals, differences);
+        }
+
+        static void compareCompileCommand(ParsedReplayFile lhs, ParsedReplayFile rhs, List<String> differences) {
+            record Key(String klass, String name, String signature) {}
+            record Value(int entryBci, int compLevel, List<CompileCommandInline> inlines) {}
+            BiConsumer<HashMap<Key, Value>, Command> folder = (acc, command) -> {
+                if (command instanceof CompileCommand(String klass, String name, String signature, int entryBci, int compLevel, List<CompileCommandInline> inlines)) {
+                    acc.put(new Key(klass, name, signature), new Value(entryBci, compLevel, inlines));
+                }
+            };
+            var lhsStaticFields = extractMap(lhs, folder);
+            var rhsStaticFields = extractMap(rhs, folder);
+            diffMaps("CiInstanceKlass", lhsStaticFields, rhsStaticFields, Value::equals, differences);
+        }
+
+        static List<String> findDifferences(ParsedReplayFile lhs, ParsedReplayFile rhs) {
+            List<String> differences = new ArrayList<>();
+
+            compareVersion(lhs, rhs, differences);
+            compareJvmtiExport(lhs, rhs, differences);
+            compareInstanceKlasses(lhs, rhs, differences);
+            compareCiInstanceKlasses(lhs, rhs, differences);
+            compareStaticFieldCommand(lhs, rhs, differences);
+            compareCiMethodDataCommand(lhs, rhs, differences);
+            compareCiMethodCommand(lhs, rhs, differences);
+            compareCompileCommand(lhs, rhs, differences);
+
+            return differences;
+        }
+
+        Optional<StaticFieldCommand> findStaticFieldCommand(String klass, String fieldName) {
+            Asserts.assertNotNull(staticFieldCommands);  // Must be already indexed
+            var f = new StaticField(klass, fieldName);
+            if (!staticFieldCommands.containsKey(f)) {
+                return Optional.empty();
+            }
+            return Optional.ofNullable(staticFieldCommands.get(f));
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestDumpReplay.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestDumpReplay.java
index 30f8aff7d17..63fc84fb668 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestDumpReplay.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestDumpReplay.java
@@ -30,8 +30,8 @@
  * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions
  *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
  *                   -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline
- *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.ciReplay.TestDumpReplay::*
- *                   compiler.ciReplay.TestDumpReplay
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::*
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.ciReplay;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestDumpReplayCommandLine.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestDumpReplayCommandLine.java
index 04ad56f4d24..ca4d253d1b0 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestDumpReplayCommandLine.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestDumpReplayCommandLine.java
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -XX:+TieredCompilation
- *      compiler.ciReplay.TestDumpReplayCommandLine
+ *      ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.ciReplay;
@@ -40,15 +40,7 @@
 import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
 
 import java.io.File;
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.nio.file.Files;
-import java.nio.file.Path;
-import java.nio.file.Paths;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
-import java.util.StringTokenizer;
-import java.util.regex.Matcher;
-import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
 public class TestDumpReplayCommandLine extends DumpReplayBase {
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestIncrementalInlining.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestIncrementalInlining.java
index 43daab7a9b0..c5a398d6dba 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestIncrementalInlining.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestIncrementalInlining.java
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *      compiler.ciReplay.TestIncrementalInlining
+ *      ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.ciReplay;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestInlining.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestInlining.java
index 52a07abb5fd..9d1e888c028 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestInlining.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestInlining.java
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *      compiler.ciReplay.TestInlining
+ *      ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.ciReplay;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestInliningProtectionDomain.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestInliningProtectionDomain.java
index 2687315f05b..824c80a0388 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestInliningProtectionDomain.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestInliningProtectionDomain.java
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *      compiler.ciReplay.TestInliningProtectionDomain
+ *      ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.ciReplay;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestInvalidReplayFile.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestInvalidReplayFile.java
index 45a2e647c80..3ed9bd988be 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestInvalidReplayFile.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestInvalidReplayFile.java
@@ -29,9 +29,11 @@
  * @requires vm.compMode != "Xint"
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  *          java.management
- * @run driver TestInvalidReplayFile
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
  */
 
+package compiler.ciReplay;
+
 import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
 import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestLambdas.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestLambdas.java
index 33180a8c759..6d23a9404a8 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestLambdas.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestLambdas.java
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *      compiler.ciReplay.TestLambdas
+ *      ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.ciReplay;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestNoClassFile.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestNoClassFile.java
index 0459cf0afd1..ad2901bd2e5 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestNoClassFile.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestNoClassFile.java
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *      compiler.ciReplay.TestNoClassFile
+ *      ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.ciReplay;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestNullStaticField.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestNullStaticField.java
index 47a78ad5e44..cd179c14e69 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestNullStaticField.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestNullStaticField.java
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *      compiler.ciReplay.TestNullStaticField
+ *      ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.ciReplay;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestReplayV4.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestReplayV4.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ef95056c91f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestReplayV4.java
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8375548
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library / /test/lib
+ * @summary Testing the additions and fixes of Replay file v4
+ * @requires vm.flagless & vm.flightRecorder != true & vm.compMode != "Xint" & vm.compMode != "Xcomp" &
+ *           vm.debug == true & vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -XX:+TieredCompilation
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.ciReplay;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+import compiler.ciReplay.ReplayFile.ParsedReplayFile;
+import compiler.ciReplay.ReplayFile.ParsedReplayFile.*;
+
+public class TestReplayV4 extends DumpReplayBase {
+    private final String[] defaultReplayRunFlags;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        new TestReplayV4().runTest("-XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::*",
+                                           "--enable-preview",
+                                           "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                                           "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                                           TIERED_DISABLED_VM_OPTION);
+    }
+
+    private TestReplayV4() {
+        defaultReplayRunFlags = defaultReplayRunFlags();
+    }
+
+
+    private String[] defaultReplayRunFlags() {
+        List<String> vmFlags = new ArrayList<>();
+        Collections.addAll(vmFlags,
+                           "-XX:+ReplayIgnoreInitErrors",
+                           "-XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::*",
+                           "--enable-preview",
+                           "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                           "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                           TIERED_DISABLED_VM_OPTION
+        );
+        return vmFlags.toArray(new String[0]);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void testAction() {
+        reDumpAndCompare();
+    }
+
+    private String makeMessageFromList(String header, List<String> lines) {
+        var message = new StringBuilder(header);
+        message.append(":\n");
+        for (String diff : lines) {
+            message.append("  - ").append(diff).append("\n");
+        }
+        return message.toString();
+    }
+
+    private void reDumpAndCompare() {
+        ParsedReplayFile firstParsedReplay;
+        ParsedReplayFile secondParsedReplay;
+        try {
+            String[] reDumpingFlags = Arrays.copyOf(defaultReplayRunFlags, defaultReplayRunFlags.length + 2);
+            reDumpingFlags[defaultReplayRunFlags.length] = "-XX:CompileCommand=option," + "*::*" + ",bool,DumpReplay,true";
+            reDumpingFlags[defaultReplayRunFlags.length+1] = "-XX:CompileCommand=PrintCompilation,*::*";
+            Asserts.assertEQ(getReplayFiles().size(), 1);
+            File firstReplay = getReplayFiles().getFirst();
+            positiveTest(reDumpingFlags);
+            List<File> replayFilesPostRun;
+            try (Stream<Path> files = Files.list(Paths.get("."))) {
+                replayFilesPostRun = files.map(Path::toFile).filter(f -> f.getName().startsWith(DUMP_REPLAY_PATTERN)).toList();
+            }
+            Asserts.assertEQ(replayFilesPostRun.size(), 2);
+            Asserts.assertTrue(replayFilesPostRun.contains(firstReplay));
+            var secondReplayOpt = replayFilesPostRun.stream().filter(file -> !file.equals(firstReplay)).findAny();
+            Asserts.assertTrue(secondReplayOpt.isPresent());
+            var secondReplay = secondReplayOpt.get();
+            System.out.println("Replay read by the second run: "+firstReplay+"; replay produced: "+secondReplay);
+
+            firstParsedReplay = ParsedReplayFile.parse(firstReplay);
+            secondParsedReplay = ParsedReplayFile.parse(secondReplay);
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            System.out.println(t);
+            System.out.println(t.getMessage());
+            throw new Error("Can't find replay: " + t, t);
+        }
+
+        // First, let's make sure replay files are not crazy.
+        var firstInsanities = firstParsedReplay.checkSanity();
+        Asserts.assertTrue(firstInsanities.isEmpty(), makeMessageFromList("Insane first replay file", firstInsanities));
+        var secondInsanities = secondParsedReplay.checkSanity();
+        Asserts.assertTrue(secondInsanities.isEmpty(), makeMessageFromList("Insane second replay file", secondInsanities));
+
+        // For lookup later. This is allowed only after sanity checking.
+        firstParsedReplay.index();
+        secondParsedReplay.index();
+
+        // Now, we make sure they have equivalent enough content.
+        var differences = ParsedReplayFile.findDifferences(firstParsedReplay, secondParsedReplay);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(differences.isEmpty(), makeMessageFromList("Differences", differences));
+
+        // Finally, we check a few facts about the second replay file.
+        var oArrNullCmdOpt = secondParsedReplay.findStaticFieldCommand("compiler/ciReplay/TestReplayV4$Test", "oArrNull");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(oArrNullCmdOpt.isPresent());
+        var oArrNullCmd = oArrNullCmdOpt.get();
+        Asserts.assertTrue(oArrNullCmd instanceof StaticFieldCommandNullArray);
+
+        var oArrRefArrayCmdOpt = secondParsedReplay.findStaticFieldCommand("compiler/ciReplay/TestReplayV4$Test", "oArrRefArray");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(oArrRefArrayCmdOpt.isPresent());
+        var oArrRefArrayCmdUntyped = oArrRefArrayCmdOpt.get();
+        Asserts.assertTrue(oArrRefArrayCmdUntyped instanceof StaticFieldCommandRefArray);
+        var oArrRefArrayCmd = (StaticFieldCommandRefArray)oArrRefArrayCmdUntyped;
+        Asserts.assertFalse(oArrRefArrayCmd.nullFree());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(oArrRefArrayCmd.length(), 2);
+
+        var oArrNullableAtomicArrayCmdOpt = secondParsedReplay.findStaticFieldCommand("compiler/ciReplay/TestReplayV4$Test", "oArrNullableAtomicArray");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(oArrNullableAtomicArrayCmdOpt.isPresent());
+        var oArrNullableAtomicArrayCmdUntyped = oArrNullableAtomicArrayCmdOpt.get();
+        Asserts.assertTrue(oArrNullableAtomicArrayCmdUntyped instanceof StaticFieldCommandFlatArray);
+        var oArrNullableAtomicArrayCmd = (StaticFieldCommandFlatArray)oArrNullableAtomicArrayCmdUntyped;
+        Asserts.assertFalse(oArrNullableAtomicArrayCmd.nullFree());
+        Asserts.assertFalse(oArrNullableAtomicArrayCmd.nonAtomic());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(oArrNullableAtomicArrayCmd.length(), 2);
+
+        var oArrNullRestrictedAtomicArrayCmdOpt = secondParsedReplay.findStaticFieldCommand("compiler/ciReplay/TestReplayV4$Test", "oArrNullRestrictedAtomicArray");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(oArrNullRestrictedAtomicArrayCmdOpt.isPresent());
+        var oArrNullRestrictedAtomicArrayCmdUntyped = oArrNullRestrictedAtomicArrayCmdOpt.get();
+        Asserts.assertTrue(oArrNullRestrictedAtomicArrayCmdUntyped instanceof StaticFieldCommandFlatArray);
+        var oArrNullRestrictedAtomicArrayCmd = (StaticFieldCommandFlatArray)oArrNullRestrictedAtomicArrayCmdUntyped;
+        Asserts.assertTrue(oArrNullRestrictedAtomicArrayCmd.nullFree());
+        Asserts.assertFalse(oArrNullRestrictedAtomicArrayCmd.nonAtomic());
+        Asserts.assertEquals(oArrNullRestrictedAtomicArrayCmd.length(), 2);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getTestClass() {
+        return Test.class.getName();
+    }
+
+
+    private static class Test {
+        static final Base[] oArrDefault = new Base[2];
+        static final Base[] oArrNullableAtomicArray = (Base[]) ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(Derived.class, 2);
+        static final Base[] oArrNullRestrictedAtomicArray = (Base[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(Derived.class, 2, new Derived(1, 0));
+        static final Base[] oArrNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray = (Base[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(Derived.class, 2, new Derived(2, 0));
+        static final Base[] oArrRefArray = (Base[]) ValueClass.newReferenceArray(Derived.class, 2);
+        static final Base[] oArrNull = null;
+
+        static Base o1, o2, o3, o4;
+        static final Base a = new Derived(10, 15);
+        static final Base a_base_null = null;
+        static final Derived a_derived_null = null;
+        @NullRestricted
+        static final Base a_base_null_free = new Derived(10, 15);
+        @NullRestricted
+        static final Derived a_derived_null_free = new Derived(10, 15);
+
+        public static void main(String[] args) {
+            oArrDefault[0] = new Derived(3, 5);
+            oArrNullableAtomicArray[0] = new Derived(4, 6);
+            oArrNullRestrictedAtomicArray[0] = new Derived(5, 7);
+            oArrNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray[0] = new Derived(6, 8);
+            oArrRefArray[0] = new Derived(7, 9);
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+                test();
+            }
+        }
+
+        static void test() {
+            o1 = oArrDefault[0];
+            oArrDefault[1] = a;
+            o2 = oArrNullableAtomicArray[0];
+            oArrNullableAtomicArray[1] = a;
+            o3 = oArrNullRestrictedAtomicArray[0];
+            oArrNullRestrictedAtomicArray[1] = a;
+            o4 = oArrNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray[0];
+            oArrNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray[1] = a;
+        }
+
+        static abstract value class Base {
+            short x;
+            byte y;
+            public Base(int x, int y) {
+                this.x = (short)x;
+                this.y = (byte)y;
+            }
+        }
+
+        static value class Derived extends Base {
+            public Derived(int x, int y) {
+                super(x, y);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestUnresolvedClasses.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestUnresolvedClasses.java
index 9f05969798b..3700c1e4035 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestUnresolvedClasses.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestUnresolvedClasses.java
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *      compiler.ciReplay.TestUnresolvedClasses
+ *      ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.ciReplay;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestValueClassArrays.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestValueClassArrays.java
index 65ef1312d68..90d484065e5 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestValueClassArrays.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/ciReplay/TestValueClassArrays.java
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -XX:+TieredCompilation
- *                   compiler.ciReplay.TestValueClassArrays
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.ciReplay;

From ef218b0341643d31ae533c978bc6574fdfb8382d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Marc Chevalier <mchevalier@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 07:28:10 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 405/707] 8388018: [IR Framework] Be more lenient about system
 properties

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, thartmann
---
 .../jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/README.md |  8 +-
 .../compiler/lib/ir_framework/Scenario.java   |  4 +-
 .../lib/ir_framework/TestFramework.java       |  6 +-
 .../ir_framework/shared/SystemProperty.java   | 74 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../lib/ir_framework/test/TestVM.java         |  4 +-
 .../ir_framework/tests/TestDScenarios.java    |  6 +-
 .../tests/TestDTestAndExclude.java            | 15 +++-
 7 files changed, 101 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/shared/SystemProperty.java

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/README.md b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/README.md
index 860e2d02969..5560869d80f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/README.md
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/README.md
@@ -168,9 +168,9 @@ testFramework
 The framework provides various stress and debug flags. They should mainly be used as JTreg VM and/or Javaoptions (apart from `VerifyIR`). The following (property) flags are supported:
 
 - `-DVerifyIR=false`: Explicitly disable IR verification. This is useful, for example, if some scenarios use VM flags that let `@IR` annotation rules fail and the user does not want to provide separate IR rules or add flag preconditions to the already existing IR rules.
-- `-DTest=test1,test2`: Provide a list of `@Test` method names which should be executed.
-- `-DExclude=test3`: Provide a list of `@Test` method names which should be excluded from execution.
-- `-DScenarios=1,2`: Provide a list of scenario indexes to specify which scenarios should be executed.
+- `-DTest=test1,test2`: Provide a list of `@Test` method names which should be executed. Case-insensitive, plural is allowed (`-DTests`, `-Dtest`, `Dtests` are all fine).
+- `-DExclude=test3`: Provide a list of `@Test` method names which should be excluded from execution. Case-insensitive, plural is allowed.
+- `-DScenario=1,2`: Provide a list of scenario indexes to specify which scenarios should be executed. Case-insensitive, plural is allowed.
 - `-DWarmup=200`: Provide a new default value of the number of warm-up iterations (framework default is 2000). This might have an influence on the resulting IR and could lead to matching failures (the user can also set a fixed default warm-up value in a test with `testFrameworkObject.setDefaultWarmup(200)`).
 - `-DReportStdout=true`: Print the standard output of the Test VM.
 - `-DVerbose=true`: Enable more fine-grained logging (slows the execution down).
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ The framework provides various stress and debug flags. They should mainly be use
 - `-DPrintRuleMatchingTime=true`: Print the time of matching IR rules per method. Slows down the execution as the rules are warmed up before measurement.
 - `-DVerifyVM=true`: The framework runs the Test VM with additional verification flags (slows the execution down).
 - `-DExcludeRandom=true`: The framework randomly excludes some methods from compilation. IR verification is disabled completely with this flag.
-- `-DFlipC1C2=true`: The framework compiles all `@Test` annotated method with C1 if a C2 compilation would have been applied and vice versa. IR verification is disabled completely with this flag.
+- `-DFlipC1C2=true`: The framework compiles all `@Test` annotated methods with C1 if a C2 compilation would have been applied and vice versa. IR verification is disabled completely with this flag.
 - `-DShuffleTests=false`: Disables the random execution order of all tests (such a shuffling is always done by default).
 - `-DDumpReplay=true`: Add the `DumpReplay` directive to the Test VM.
 - `-DGCAfter=true`: Perform `System.gc()` after each test (slows the execution down).
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/Scenario.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/Scenario.java
index 65f61173e2a..4971b87a236 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/Scenario.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/Scenario.java
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
 
 package compiler.lib.ir_framework;
 
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.shared.SystemProperty;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.shared.SystemProperty.Mode;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.shared.TestRunException;
 
 import java.util.*;
@@ -44,7 +46,7 @@
  */
 public class Scenario {
     private static final String ADDITIONAL_SCENARIO_FLAGS_PROPERTY = System.getProperty("ScenarioFlags", "");
-    private static final String SCENARIOS_PROPERTY = System.getProperty("Scenarios", "");
+    private static final String SCENARIOS_PROPERTY = SystemProperty.getCaseInsensitive(Mode.CASE_INSENSITIVE_EMPTY_DEFAULT, "scenario", "scenarios");
     private static final List<String> ADDITIONAL_SCENARIO_FLAGS;
     private static final Set<Integer> ENABLED_SCENARIOS;
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/TestFramework.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/TestFramework.java
index 1ec39fbc300..2076b9cf088 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/TestFramework.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/TestFramework.java
@@ -157,8 +157,8 @@ public class TestFramework {
 
     public static final boolean VERBOSE = Boolean.getBoolean("Verbose");
     public static final boolean PRINT_RULE_MATCHING_TIME = Boolean.getBoolean("PrintRuleMatchingTime");
-    public static final boolean TESTLIST = !System.getProperty("Test", "").isEmpty();
-    public static final boolean EXCLUDELIST = !System.getProperty("Exclude", "").isEmpty();
+    private static final boolean TEST_LIST_IS_EMPTY = SystemProperty.getTestList().isEmpty();
+    private static final boolean EXCLUDE_LIST_IS_EMPTY = SystemProperty.getExcludeList().isEmpty();;
     private static final boolean REPORT_STDOUT = Boolean.getBoolean("ReportStdout");
     // Only used for internal testing and should not be used for normal user testing.
 
@@ -791,7 +791,7 @@ private void reportScenarioFailures(Map<Scenario, Exception> exceptionMap) {
             builder.append(System.lineSeparator());
         }
         System.err.println(builder);
-        if (!VERBOSE && !REPORT_STDOUT && !TESTLIST && !EXCLUDELIST) {
+        if (!VERBOSE && !REPORT_STDOUT && TEST_LIST_IS_EMPTY && EXCLUDE_LIST_IS_EMPTY) {
             // Provide a hint to the user how to get additional output/debugging information.
             System.err.println(RERUN_HINT);
         }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/shared/SystemProperty.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/shared/SystemProperty.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..03a8bc05d99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/shared/SystemProperty.java
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.lib.ir_framework.shared;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.function.Function;
+
+public class SystemProperty {
+    public record Mode(boolean caseSensitive, String def) {
+        public static final Mode CASE_INSENSITIVE_EMPTY_DEFAULT = make().withCaseSensitive(false).withDefault("");
+
+        public static Mode make() {
+            return new Mode(false, null);
+        }
+
+        public Mode withCaseSensitive(boolean c) {
+            return new Mode(c, this.def);
+        }
+
+        public Mode withDefault(String def) {
+            return new Mode(this.caseSensitive, def);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static public String getCaseInsensitive(Mode mode, String... keys) {
+        Function<String, String> normalize =
+                mode.caseSensitive()
+                        ? (x -> x)
+                        : String::toLowerCase;
+        List<String> normalizedKeys = Arrays.stream(keys).map(normalize).toList();
+        for (Map.Entry<Object, Object> e : System.getProperties().entrySet()) {
+            Object k = e.getKey();
+            Object v = e.getValue();
+            if (k instanceof String && v instanceof String) {
+                String ks = normalize.apply((String)k);
+                if (normalizedKeys.contains(ks)) {
+                    return (String)v;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return mode.def();
+    }
+
+    static public String getTestList() {
+        return getCaseInsensitive(Mode.CASE_INSENSITIVE_EMPTY_DEFAULT, "test", "tests");
+    }
+
+    static public String getExcludeList() {
+        return getCaseInsensitive(Mode.CASE_INSENSITIVE_EMPTY_DEFAULT, "exclude", "excludes");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/TestVM.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/TestVM.java
index e6156605423..07c1397749a 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/TestVM.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/TestVM.java
@@ -95,8 +95,8 @@ assertions from main() of your test!
     private static final boolean PRINT_TIMES = Boolean.getBoolean("PrintTimes") || VERBOSE;
     public static final boolean USE_COMPILER = WHITE_BOX.getBooleanVMFlag("UseCompiler");
     static final boolean EXCLUDE_RANDOM = Boolean.getBoolean("ExcludeRandom");
-    private static final String TESTLIST = System.getProperty("Test", "");
-    private static final String EXCLUDELIST = System.getProperty("Exclude", "");
+    private static final String TESTLIST = SystemProperty.getTestList();
+    private static final String EXCLUDELIST = SystemProperty.getExcludeList();
     private static final boolean DUMP_REPLAY = Boolean.getBoolean("DumpReplay");
     private static final boolean GC_AFTER = Boolean.getBoolean("GCAfter");
     private static final boolean SHUFFLE_TESTS = Boolean.parseBoolean(System.getProperty("ShuffleTests", "true"));
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestDScenarios.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestDScenarios.java
index e5476afc1f6..d6d7cfd8aea 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestDScenarios.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestDScenarios.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2021, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@
  * @summary Test -DScenarios property flag. Run with othervm which should not be done when writing tests using the framework.
  * @library /test/lib /
  * @run main/othervm -DScenarios=1,5,10 ir_framework.tests.TestDScenarios test
- * @run main/othervm -DScenarios=1,4 ir_framework.tests.TestDScenarios test
- * @run main/othervm -DScenarios=3,4,9 ir_framework.tests.TestDScenarios test
+ * @run main/othervm -DScenario=1,4 ir_framework.tests.TestDScenarios test
+ * @run main/othervm -Dscenarios=3,4,9 ir_framework.tests.TestDScenarios test
  * @run driver ir_framework.tests.TestDScenarios test2
  * @run driver ir_framework.tests.TestDScenarios
  */
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestDTestAndExclude.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestDTestAndExclude.java
index 22d52f692a3..04b3393b946 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestDTestAndExclude.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestDTestAndExclude.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2021, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -95,11 +95,20 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
      * Create a VM and simulate as if it was a driver VM spawned by JTreg that has -DTest/DExclude set as VM or Javaopts
      */
     protected static void run(String dTest, String dExclude, String arg) throws Exception {
-        System.out.println("Run -DTest=" + dTest + " -DExclude=" + dExclude + " arg=" + arg);
+        // Let's randomize a bit which version of -Dtest and -Dexclude we use (caps and plural).
+        boolean plural = dTest.contains(",");
+        boolean capital = dTest.length() % 2 == 0;  // Any criterion that is not constant or correlated with `plural` would do as well.
+        String dTestFlag = capital ? "-DTest" : "-Dtest";
+        String dExcludeFlag = capital ? "-DExclude" : "-Dexclude";
+        if (plural) {
+            dTestFlag = dTestFlag + "s";
+            dExcludeFlag = dExcludeFlag + "s";
+        }
+        System.out.println("Run " + dTestFlag + "=" + dTest + " " + dExcludeFlag + "=" + dExclude + " arg=" + arg);
         OutputAnalyzer oa;
         ProcessBuilder process = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder(
                 "-Dtest.class.path=" + Utils.TEST_CLASS_PATH, "-Dtest.jdk=" + Utils.TEST_JDK,
-                "-Dtest.vm.opts=-DTest=" + dTest + " -DExclude=" + dExclude,
+                "-Dtest.vm.opts=" + dTestFlag + "=" + dTest + " " + dExcludeFlag + "=" + dExclude,
                 "ir_framework.tests.TestDTestAndExclude", arg);
         oa = ProcessTools.executeProcess(process);
         oa.shouldHaveExitValue(0);

From 45d3b16fa52083788c80403116457e91f024b349 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 08:05:46 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 406/707] 8387856: G1: Fix passing G1ParScanThreadState and
 worker_id in methods

Reviewed-by: ayang, iwalulya
---
 .../share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRefineThread.hpp  |  4 +-
 .../share/gc/g1/g1FullGCAdjustTask.cpp        | 11 ++-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCMarker.cpp    |  2 +-
 .../share/gc/g1/g1FullGCOopClosures.hpp       |  8 +-
 .../share/gc/g1/g1GCParPhaseTimesTracker.hpp  |  4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCPhaseTimes.cpp    | 17 ++---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCPhaseTimes.hpp    |  4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1NMethodClosure.cpp  | 12 ++-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1NMethodClosure.hpp  |  7 +-
 .../share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp      | 12 +--
 .../share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.hpp      |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp          | 44 +++--------
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.hpp          |  5 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RootProcessor.cpp   |  5 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RootProcessor.hpp   |  4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SharedClosures.hpp  |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.cpp  | 73 ++++++++-----------
 17 files changed, 91 insertions(+), 125 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRefineThread.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRefineThread.hpp
index 2ecbdc668eb..93f64fc80ed 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRefineThread.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentRefineThread.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -40,8 +40,6 @@ class G1ConcurrentRefineThread: public ConcurrentGCThread {
   Monitor _notifier;
   bool _requested_active;
 
-  uint _worker_id;
-
   G1ConcurrentRefine* _cr;
 
   NONCOPYABLE(G1ConcurrentRefineThread);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCAdjustTask.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCAdjustTask.cpp
index c02b028112b..6ae2182847b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCAdjustTask.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCAdjustTask.cpp
@@ -52,12 +52,11 @@ class G1AdjustLiveClosure : public StackObj {
 class G1AdjustRegionClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
   G1FullCollector* _collector;
   G1CMBitMap* _bitmap;
-  uint _worker_id;
- public:
-  G1AdjustRegionClosure(G1FullCollector* collector, uint worker_id) :
+
+public:
+  G1AdjustRegionClosure(G1FullCollector* collector) :
     _collector(collector),
-    _bitmap(collector->mark_bitmap()),
-    _worker_id(worker_id) { }
+    _bitmap(collector->mark_bitmap()) { }
 
   bool do_heap_region(G1HeapRegion* r) {
     G1AdjustClosure cl(_collector);
@@ -103,7 +102,7 @@ void G1FullGCAdjustTask::work(uint worker_id) {
   _root_processor.process_all_roots(&_adjust, &adjust_cld, &adjust_code);
 
   // Now adjust pointers region by region
-  G1AdjustRegionClosure blk(collector(), worker_id);
+  G1AdjustRegionClosure blk(collector());
   G1CollectedHeap::heap()->heap_region_par_iterate_from_worker_offset(&blk, &_hrclaimer, worker_id);
   log_task("Adjust task", worker_id, start);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCMarker.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCMarker.cpp
index cd1d69e96fd..6e0ef06da7d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCMarker.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCMarker.cpp
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ G1FullGCMarker::G1FullGCMarker(G1FullCollector* collector,
     _bitmap(collector->mark_bitmap()),
     _task_queue(),
     _partial_array_splitter(collector->partial_array_state_manager(), collector->workers()),
-    _mark_closure(worker_id, this, ClassLoaderData::_claim_stw_fullgc_mark, G1CollectedHeap::heap()->ref_processor_stw()),
+    _mark_closure(this, ClassLoaderData::_claim_stw_fullgc_mark, G1CollectedHeap::heap()->ref_processor_stw()),
     _stack_closure(this),
     _cld_closure(mark_closure(), ClassLoaderData::_claim_stw_fullgc_mark),
     _mark_stats_cache(mark_stats, G1RegionMarkStatsCache::RegionMarkStatsCacheSize) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCOopClosures.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCOopClosures.hpp
index 08ed5f982e1..6b54fffdf3c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCOopClosures.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCOopClosures.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2017, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -60,13 +60,11 @@ class G1FullKeepAliveClosure: public OopClosure {
 
 class G1MarkAndPushClosure : public ClaimMetadataVisitingOopIterateClosure {
   G1FullGCMarker* _marker;
-  uint _worker_id;
 
 public:
-  G1MarkAndPushClosure(uint worker_id, G1FullGCMarker* marker, int claim, ReferenceDiscoverer* ref) :
+  G1MarkAndPushClosure(G1FullGCMarker* marker, int claim, ReferenceDiscoverer* ref) :
     ClaimMetadataVisitingOopIterateClosure(claim, ref),
-    _marker(marker),
-    _worker_id(worker_id) { }
+    _marker(marker) { }
 
   template <class T> inline void do_oop_work(T* p);
   virtual void do_oop(oop* p);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCParPhaseTimesTracker.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCParPhaseTimesTracker.hpp
index af626e99fd4..da9a11dd3c7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCParPhaseTimesTracker.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCParPhaseTimesTracker.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ class G1EvacPhaseTimesTracker : public G1GCParPhaseTimesTracker {
 
   G1EvacPhaseWithTrimTimeTracker _trim_tracker;
 public:
-  G1EvacPhaseTimesTracker(G1GCPhaseTimes* phase_times, G1ParScanThreadState* pss, G1GCPhaseTimes::GCParPhases phase, uint worker_id);
+  G1EvacPhaseTimesTracker(G1GCPhaseTimes* phase_times, G1ParScanThreadState* par_scan_state, G1GCPhaseTimes::GCParPhases phase);
   virtual ~G1EvacPhaseTimesTracker();
 };
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCPhaseTimes.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCPhaseTimes.cpp
index e5bf8137811..bf37d1b6b88 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCPhaseTimes.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCPhaseTimes.cpp
@@ -581,14 +581,14 @@ const char* G1GCPhaseTimes::phase_name(GCParPhases phase) {
   return phase_times->_gc_par_phases[phase]->short_name();
 }
 
-G1EvacPhaseWithTrimTimeTracker::G1EvacPhaseWithTrimTimeTracker(G1ParScanThreadState* pss, Tickspan& total_time, Tickspan& trim_time) :
-  _pss(pss),
+G1EvacPhaseWithTrimTimeTracker::G1EvacPhaseWithTrimTimeTracker(G1ParScanThreadState* par_scan_state, Tickspan& total_time, Tickspan& trim_time) :
+  _par_scan_state(par_scan_state),
   _start(Ticks::now()),
   _total_time(total_time),
   _trim_time(trim_time),
   _stopped(false) {
 
-  assert(_pss->trim_ticks().value() == 0, "Possibly remaining trim ticks left over from previous use");
+  assert(_par_scan_state->trim_ticks().value() == 0, "Possibly remaining trim ticks left over from previous use");
 }
 
 G1EvacPhaseWithTrimTimeTracker::~G1EvacPhaseWithTrimTimeTracker() {
@@ -599,9 +599,9 @@ G1EvacPhaseWithTrimTimeTracker::~G1EvacPhaseWithTrimTimeTracker() {
 
 void G1EvacPhaseWithTrimTimeTracker::stop() {
   assert(!_stopped, "Should only be called once");
-  _total_time += (Ticks::now() - _start) - _pss->trim_ticks();
-  _trim_time += _pss->trim_ticks();
-  _pss->reset_trim_ticks();
+  _total_time += (Ticks::now() - _start) - _par_scan_state->trim_ticks();
+  _trim_time += _par_scan_state->trim_ticks();
+  _par_scan_state->reset_trim_ticks();
   _stopped = true;
 }
 
@@ -625,9 +625,8 @@ G1GCParPhaseTimesTracker::~G1GCParPhaseTimesTracker() {
 
 G1EvacPhaseTimesTracker::G1EvacPhaseTimesTracker(G1GCPhaseTimes* phase_times,
                                                  G1ParScanThreadState* pss,
-                                                 G1GCPhaseTimes::GCParPhases phase,
-                                                 uint worker_id) :
-  G1GCParPhaseTimesTracker(phase_times, phase, worker_id),
+                                                 G1GCPhaseTimes::GCParPhases phase) :
+  G1GCParPhaseTimesTracker(phase_times, phase, pss->worker_id()),
   _total_time(),
   _trim_time(),
   _trim_tracker(pss, _total_time, _trim_time) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCPhaseTimes.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCPhaseTimes.hpp
index 078a819986c..81e9a8b9648 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCPhaseTimes.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1GCPhaseTimes.hpp
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ class G1GCPhaseTimes : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
 };
 
 class G1EvacPhaseWithTrimTimeTracker : public StackObj {
-  G1ParScanThreadState* _pss;
+  G1ParScanThreadState* _par_scan_state;
   Ticks _start;
 
   Tickspan& _total_time;
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ class G1EvacPhaseWithTrimTimeTracker : public StackObj {
 
   bool _stopped;
 public:
-  G1EvacPhaseWithTrimTimeTracker(G1ParScanThreadState* pss, Tickspan& total_time, Tickspan& trim_time);
+  G1EvacPhaseWithTrimTimeTracker(G1ParScanThreadState* par_scan_state, Tickspan& total_time, Tickspan& trim_time);
   ~G1EvacPhaseWithTrimTimeTracker();
 
   void stop();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1NMethodClosure.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1NMethodClosure.cpp
index d7dcbeb87fb..340ab4eed6d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1NMethodClosure.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1NMethodClosure.cpp
@@ -28,11 +28,17 @@
 #include "gc/g1/g1HeapRegion.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1NMethodClosure.hpp"
+#include "gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod.hpp"
 #include "oops/access.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/compressedOops.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 
+G1NMethodClosure::G1NMethodClosure(OopClosure* oc, bool strong, G1ParScanThreadState* par_scan_state) :
+  _oc(oc, par_scan_state),
+  _marking_oc(par_scan_state->worker_id()),
+  _strong(strong) { }
+
 template <typename T>
 void G1NMethodClosure::HeapRegionGatheringOopClosure::do_oop_work(T* p) {
   T old_oop_or_narrowoop = RawAccess<>::oop_load(p);
@@ -65,17 +71,17 @@ void G1NMethodClosure::HeapRegionGatheringOopClosure::do_oop_work(T* p) {
   }
 }
 
-G1NMethodClosure::HeapRegionGatheringOopClosure::HeapRegionGatheringOopClosure(OopClosure* oc, G1ParScanThreadState* pss) :
+G1NMethodClosure::HeapRegionGatheringOopClosure::HeapRegionGatheringOopClosure(OopClosure* oc, G1ParScanThreadState* par_scan_state) :
   _g1h(G1CollectedHeap::heap()),
   _work(oc),
-  _pss(pss),
+  _par_scan_state(par_scan_state),
   _nm(nullptr),
   _affected_regions(5) {
 }
 
 void G1NMethodClosure::HeapRegionGatheringOopClosure::add_to_remsets() {
   while (!_affected_regions.is_empty()) {
-    _pss->remember_nmethod_into_region(_affected_regions.pop(), _nm);
+    _par_scan_state->remember_nmethod_into_region(_affected_regions.pop(), _nm);
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1NMethodClosure.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1NMethodClosure.hpp
index 95d0ee1942d..2dcf02a32b7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1NMethodClosure.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1NMethodClosure.hpp
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class G1NMethodClosure : public NMethodClosure {
   class HeapRegionGatheringOopClosure : public OopClosure {
     G1CollectedHeap* _g1h;
     OopClosure* _work;
-    G1ParScanThreadState* _pss;
+    G1ParScanThreadState* _par_scan_state;
 
     nmethod* _nm;
     GrowableArrayCHeap<G1HeapRegion*, mtGC> _affected_regions;
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ class G1NMethodClosure : public NMethodClosure {
     void do_oop_work(T* p);
 
   public:
-    HeapRegionGatheringOopClosure(OopClosure* oc, G1ParScanThreadState* pss);
+    HeapRegionGatheringOopClosure(OopClosure* oc, G1ParScanThreadState* par_scan_state);
     ~HeapRegionGatheringOopClosure() = default;
 
     void do_oop(oop* o);
@@ -81,8 +81,7 @@ class G1NMethodClosure : public NMethodClosure {
 
   bool _strong;
 public:
-  G1NMethodClosure(uint worker_id, OopClosure* oc, bool strong, G1ParScanThreadState* pss) :
-    _oc(oc, pss), _marking_oc(worker_id), _strong(strong) { }
+  G1NMethodClosure(OopClosure* oc, bool strong, G1ParScanThreadState* par_scan_state);
 
   void do_evacuation_and_fixup(nmethod* nm);
   void do_marking(nmethod* nm);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp
index 1636deaa914..0a9fc430953 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp
@@ -683,17 +683,17 @@ void G1ParScanThreadStateSet::par_iterate_nmethod_regions_to_add(G1HeapRegionClo
 }
 
 void G1ParScanThreadStateSet::record_unused_optional_region(G1HeapRegion* hr) {
-  for (uint worker_index = 0; worker_index < _num_workers; ++worker_index) {
-    G1ParScanThreadState* pss = _states[worker_index];
+  for (uint worker_id = 0; worker_id < _num_workers; ++worker_id) {
+    G1ParScanThreadState* pss = _states[worker_id];
     assert(pss != nullptr, "must be initialized");
 
     size_t used_memory = pss->oops_into_optional_region(hr)->used_memory();
-    _g1h->phase_times()->record_or_add_thread_work_item(G1GCPhaseTimes::OptScanHR, worker_index, used_memory, G1GCPhaseTimes::ScanHRUsedMemory);
+    _g1h->phase_times()->record_or_add_thread_work_item(G1GCPhaseTimes::OptScanHR, worker_id, used_memory, G1GCPhaseTimes::ScanHRUsedMemory);
   }
 }
 
-void G1ParScanThreadState::record_evacuation_failed_region(G1HeapRegion* r, uint worker_id, bool cause_pinned) {
-  if (_evac_failure_regions->record(worker_id, r->hrm_index(), cause_pinned)) {
+void G1ParScanThreadState::record_evacuation_failed_region(G1HeapRegion* r, bool cause_pinned) {
+  if (_evac_failure_regions->record(worker_id(), r->hrm_index(), cause_pinned)) {
     G1HeapRegionPrinter::evac_failure(r);
   }
 }
@@ -707,7 +707,7 @@ oop G1ParScanThreadState::handle_evacuation_failure_par(oop old, markWord m, Kla
     // Forward-to-self succeeded. We are the "owner" of the object.
     G1HeapRegion* r = _g1h->heap_region_containing(old);
 
-    record_evacuation_failed_region(r, _worker_id, cause_pinned);
+    record_evacuation_failed_region(r, cause_pinned);
 
     // Mark the failing object in the marking bitmap and later use the bitmap to handle
     // evacuation failure recovery.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.hpp
index 4116874f947..100c3d8aff4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.hpp
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ class G1ParScanThreadState : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   Tickspan trim_ticks() const;
   void reset_trim_ticks();
 
-  void record_evacuation_failed_region(G1HeapRegion* r, uint worker_id, bool cause_pinned);
+  void record_evacuation_failed_region(G1HeapRegion* r, bool cause_pinned);
   // An attempt to evacuate "obj" has failed; take necessary steps.
   oop handle_evacuation_failure_par(oop obj, markWord m, Klass* klass, G1HeapRegionAttr attr, size_t word_sz, bool cause_pinned);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp
index 5f58ca2e053..e48ab356464 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp
@@ -398,13 +398,9 @@ class G1ScanHRForRegionClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
   G1CollectedHeap* _g1h;
   G1CardTable* _ct;
 
-  G1ParScanThreadState* _pss;
-
   G1RemSetScanState* _scan_state;
 
-  G1GCPhaseTimes::GCParPhases _phase;
-
-  uint   _worker_id;
+  G1ParScanThreadState* _pss;
 
   size_t _cards_pending;
   size_t _cards_empty;
@@ -493,15 +489,11 @@ class G1ScanHRForRegionClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
 public:
   G1ScanHRForRegionClosure(G1RemSetScanState* scan_state,
                            G1ParScanThreadState* pss,
-                           uint worker_id,
-                           G1GCPhaseTimes::GCParPhases phase,
                            bool remember_already_scanned_cards) :
     _g1h(G1CollectedHeap::heap()),
     _ct(_g1h->card_table()),
-    _pss(pss),
     _scan_state(scan_state),
-    _phase(phase),
-    _worker_id(worker_id),
+    _pss(pss),
     _cards_pending(0),
     _cards_empty(0),
     _cards_scanned(0),
@@ -540,12 +532,13 @@ class G1ScanHRForRegionClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
 };
 
 void G1RemSet::scan_heap_roots(G1ParScanThreadState* pss,
-                               uint worker_id,
                                G1GCPhaseTimes::GCParPhases scan_phase,
                                G1GCPhaseTimes::GCParPhases objcopy_phase,
                                bool remember_already_scanned_cards) {
+  uint worker_id = pss->worker_id();
+
   EventGCPhaseParallel event;
-  G1ScanHRForRegionClosure cl(_scan_state, pss, worker_id, scan_phase, remember_already_scanned_cards);
+  G1ScanHRForRegionClosure cl(_scan_state, pss, remember_already_scanned_cards);
   _scan_state->iterate_dirty_regions_from(&cl, worker_id);
 
   event.commit(GCId::current(), worker_id, G1GCPhaseTimes::phase_name(scan_phase));
@@ -587,19 +580,12 @@ class G1ScanAndCountNMethodClosure : public NMethodClosure {
 // increment to fix up non-card related roots.
 class G1ScanCodeRootsClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
   G1ParScanThreadState* _pss;
-  G1RemSetScanState* _scan_state;
-
-  uint _worker_id;
 
   size_t _code_roots_scanned;
 
 public:
-  G1ScanCodeRootsClosure(G1RemSetScanState* scan_state,
-                         G1ParScanThreadState* pss,
-                         uint worker_id) :
+  G1ScanCodeRootsClosure(G1ParScanThreadState* pss) :
     _pss(pss),
-    _scan_state(scan_state),
-    _worker_id(worker_id),
     _code_roots_scanned(0) { }
 
   bool do_heap_region(G1HeapRegion* r) {
@@ -614,7 +600,6 @@ class G1ScanCodeRootsClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
 };
 
 void G1RemSet::scan_collection_set_code_roots(G1ParScanThreadState* pss,
-                                              uint worker_id,
                                               G1GCPhaseTimes::GCParPhases coderoots_phase,
                                               G1GCPhaseTimes::GCParPhases objcopy_phase) {
   EventGCPhaseParallel event;
@@ -622,10 +607,11 @@ void G1RemSet::scan_collection_set_code_roots(G1ParScanThreadState* pss,
   Tickspan code_root_trim_partially_time;
 
   G1GCPhaseTimes* p = _g1h->phase_times();
+  uint worker_id = pss->worker_id();
   {
     G1EvacPhaseWithTrimTimeTracker timer(pss, code_root_scan_time, code_root_trim_partially_time);
 
-    G1ScanCodeRootsClosure cl(_scan_state, pss, worker_id);
+    G1ScanCodeRootsClosure cl(pss);
     // Code roots work distribution occurs inside the iteration method. So scan all collection
     // set regions for all threads.
     _g1h->collection_set_iterate_increment_from(&cl, worker_id);
@@ -644,10 +630,6 @@ void G1RemSet::scan_collection_set_code_roots(G1ParScanThreadState* pss,
 class G1ScanOptionalRemSetRootsClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
   G1ParScanThreadState* _pss;
 
-  uint _worker_id;
-
-  G1GCPhaseTimes::GCParPhases _scan_phase;
-
   size_t _opt_roots_scanned;
 
   size_t _opt_refs_scanned;
@@ -663,12 +645,8 @@ class G1ScanOptionalRemSetRootsClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
   }
 
 public:
-  G1ScanOptionalRemSetRootsClosure(G1ParScanThreadState* pss,
-                                   uint worker_id,
-                                   G1GCPhaseTimes::GCParPhases scan_phase) :
+  G1ScanOptionalRemSetRootsClosure(G1ParScanThreadState* pss) :
     _pss(pss),
-    _worker_id(worker_id),
-    _scan_phase(scan_phase),
     _opt_roots_scanned(0),
     _opt_refs_scanned(0),
     _opt_refs_memory_used(0) { }
@@ -686,7 +664,6 @@ class G1ScanOptionalRemSetRootsClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
 };
 
 void G1RemSet::scan_collection_set_optional_roots(G1ParScanThreadState* pss,
-                                                  uint worker_id,
                                                   G1GCPhaseTimes::GCParPhases scan_phase,
                                                   G1GCPhaseTimes::GCParPhases objcopy_phase) {
   assert(scan_phase == G1GCPhaseTimes::OptScanHR, "must be");
@@ -699,7 +676,8 @@ void G1RemSet::scan_collection_set_optional_roots(G1ParScanThreadState* pss,
 
   G1GCPhaseTimes* p = _g1h->phase_times();
 
-  G1ScanOptionalRemSetRootsClosure cl(pss, worker_id, scan_phase);
+  G1ScanOptionalRemSetRootsClosure cl(pss);
+  uint worker_id = pss->worker_id();
   // The individual references for the optional remembered set are per-worker, so every worker
   // always need to scan all regions (no claimer).
   _g1h->collection_set_iterate_increment_from(&cl, worker_id);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.hpp
index 8b2353cdbb3..4893e0839d0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -80,7 +80,6 @@ class G1RemSet: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   // Scan all cards in the non-collection set regions that potentially contain
   // references into the current whole collection set.
   void scan_heap_roots(G1ParScanThreadState* pss,
-                       uint worker_id,
                        G1GCPhaseTimes::GCParPhases scan_phase,
                        G1GCPhaseTimes::GCParPhases objcopy_phase,
                        bool remember_already_scanned_cards);
@@ -109,12 +108,10 @@ class G1RemSet: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   // Do work for regions in the current increment of the collection set, scanning
   // non-card based (heap) roots.
   void scan_collection_set_code_roots(G1ParScanThreadState* pss,
-                                      uint worker_id,
                                       G1GCPhaseTimes::GCParPhases coderoots_phase,
                                       G1GCPhaseTimes::GCParPhases objcopy_phase);
 
   void scan_collection_set_optional_roots(G1ParScanThreadState* pss,
-                                          uint worker_id,
                                           G1GCPhaseTimes::GCParPhases scan_phase,
                                           G1GCPhaseTimes::GCParPhases objcopy_phase);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RootProcessor.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RootProcessor.cpp
index a534eefb428..a8fc55806dd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RootProcessor.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RootProcessor.cpp
@@ -52,12 +52,13 @@ G1RootProcessor::G1RootProcessor(G1CollectedHeap* g1h, bool is_parallel) :
     _threads_claim_token_scope(),
     _is_parallel(is_parallel) {}
 
-void G1RootProcessor::evacuate_roots(G1ParScanThreadState* pss, uint worker_id) {
+void G1RootProcessor::evacuate_roots(G1ParScanThreadState* pss) {
   G1GCPhaseTimes* phase_times = _g1h->phase_times();
 
-  G1EvacPhaseTimesTracker timer(phase_times, pss, G1GCPhaseTimes::ExtRootScan, worker_id);
+  G1EvacPhaseTimesTracker timer(phase_times, pss, G1GCPhaseTimes::ExtRootScan);
 
   G1EvacuationRootClosures* closures = pss->closures();
+  uint worker_id = pss->worker_id();
   process_java_roots(closures, phase_times, worker_id);
 
   process_vm_roots(closures, phase_times, worker_id);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RootProcessor.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RootProcessor.hpp
index 95267dc3c46..c3e1d0348e0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RootProcessor.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RootProcessor.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ class G1RootProcessor : public StackObj {
   // Apply correct closures from pss to the strongly and weakly reachable roots in the system
   // in a single pass.
   // Record and report timing measurements for sub phases using worker_id.
-  void evacuate_roots(G1ParScanThreadState* pss, uint worker_id);
+  void evacuate_roots(G1ParScanThreadState* pss);
 
   // Apply oops, clds and blobs to all strongly reachable roots in the system
   void process_strong_roots(OopClosure* oops,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SharedClosures.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SharedClosures.hpp
index dc6ff646271..4e1c3c65b6f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SharedClosures.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SharedClosures.hpp
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class G1SharedClosures {
     _oops_in_cld(g1h, pss),
     _oops_in_nmethod(g1h, pss),
     _clds(&_oops_in_cld, process_only_dirty),
-    _nmethods(pss->worker_id(), &_oops_in_nmethod, should_mark, pss) {}
+    _nmethods(&_oops_in_nmethod, should_mark, pss) {}
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_GC_G1_G1SHAREDCLOSURES_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.cpp
index 0a26c778417..359ed4586c1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungCollector.cpp
@@ -580,7 +580,6 @@ class G1ParEvacuateFollowersClosure : public VoidClosure {
   void start_term_time() { _term_attempts++; _start_term = os::elapsedTime(); }
   void end_term_time() { _term_time += (os::elapsedTime() - _start_term); }
 
-  G1CollectedHeap*              _g1h;
   G1ParScanThreadState*         _par_scan_state;
   G1ScannerTasksQueueSet*       _queues;
   TaskTerminator*               _terminator;
@@ -592,22 +591,20 @@ class G1ParEvacuateFollowersClosure : public VoidClosure {
 
   inline bool offer_termination() {
     EventGCPhaseParallel event;
-    G1ParScanThreadState* const pss = par_scan_state();
     start_term_time();
     const bool res = (terminator() == nullptr) ? true : terminator()->offer_termination();
     end_term_time();
-    event.commit(GCId::current(), pss->worker_id(), G1GCPhaseTimes::phase_name(G1GCPhaseTimes::Termination));
+    event.commit(GCId::current(), par_scan_state()->worker_id(), G1GCPhaseTimes::phase_name(G1GCPhaseTimes::Termination));
     return res;
   }
 
 public:
-  G1ParEvacuateFollowersClosure(G1CollectedHeap* g1h,
-                                G1ParScanThreadState* par_scan_state,
+  G1ParEvacuateFollowersClosure(G1ParScanThreadState* par_scan_state,
                                 G1ScannerTasksQueueSet* queues,
                                 TaskTerminator* terminator,
                                 G1GCPhaseTimes::GCParPhases phase)
     : _start_term(0.0), _term_time(0.0), _term_attempts(0),
-      _g1h(g1h), _par_scan_state(par_scan_state),
+      _par_scan_state(par_scan_state),
       _queues(queues), _terminator(terminator), _phase(phase) {}
 
   void do_void() {
@@ -632,23 +629,22 @@ class G1EvacuateRegionsBaseTask : public WorkerTask {
   // regions as there is no guarantee that there is a reference reachable by
   // Java code (i.e. only by native code) that adds it to the evacuation failed
   // regions.
-  void record_pinned_regions(G1ParScanThreadState* pss, uint worker_id) {
+  void record_pinned_regions(G1ParScanThreadState* pss) {
     class RecordPinnedRegionClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
       G1ParScanThreadState* _pss;
-      uint _worker_id;
 
     public:
-      RecordPinnedRegionClosure(G1ParScanThreadState* pss, uint worker_id) : _pss(pss), _worker_id(worker_id) { }
+      RecordPinnedRegionClosure(G1ParScanThreadState* pss) : _pss(pss) { }
 
       bool do_heap_region(G1HeapRegion* r) {
         if (r->has_pinned_objects()) {
-          _pss->record_evacuation_failed_region(r, _worker_id, true /* cause_pinned */);
+          _pss->record_evacuation_failed_region(r, true /* cause_pinned */);
         }
         return false;
       }
-    } cl(pss, worker_id);
+    } cl(pss);
 
-    _g1h->collection_set_iterate_increment_from(&cl, worker_id);
+    _g1h->collection_set_iterate_increment_from(&cl, pss->worker_id());
   }
 
 protected:
@@ -659,18 +655,18 @@ class G1EvacuateRegionsBaseTask : public WorkerTask {
   TaskTerminator _terminator;
 
   void evacuate_live_objects(G1ParScanThreadState* pss,
-                             uint worker_id,
                              G1GCPhaseTimes::GCParPhases objcopy_phase,
                              G1GCPhaseTimes::GCParPhases termination_phase) {
     G1GCPhaseTimes* p = _g1h->phase_times();
 
     Ticks start = Ticks::now();
-    G1ParEvacuateFollowersClosure cl(_g1h, pss, _task_queues, &_terminator, objcopy_phase);
+    G1ParEvacuateFollowersClosure cl(pss, _task_queues, &_terminator, objcopy_phase);
     cl.do_void();
 
     assert(pss->queue_is_empty(), "should be empty");
 
     Tickspan evac_time = (Ticks::now() - start);
+    uint worker_id = pss->worker_id();
     p->record_or_add_time_secs(objcopy_phase, worker_id, evac_time.seconds() - cl.term_time());
 
     if (termination_phase == G1GCPhaseTimes::Termination) {
@@ -689,9 +685,9 @@ class G1EvacuateRegionsBaseTask : public WorkerTask {
 
   virtual void end_work(uint worker_id) { }
 
-  virtual void scan_roots(G1ParScanThreadState* pss, uint worker_id) = 0;
+  virtual void scan_roots(G1ParScanThreadState* pss) = 0;
 
-  virtual void evacuate_live_objects(G1ParScanThreadState* pss, uint worker_id) = 0;
+  virtual void evacuate_live_objects(G1ParScanThreadState* pss) = 0;
 
 private:
   Atomic<bool> _pinned_regions_recorded;
@@ -719,10 +715,10 @@ class G1EvacuateRegionsBaseTask : public WorkerTask {
       pss->set_ref_discoverer(_g1h->ref_processor_stw());
 
       if (_pinned_regions_recorded.compare_set(false, true)) {
-        record_pinned_regions(pss, worker_id);
+        record_pinned_regions(pss);
       }
-      scan_roots(pss, worker_id);
-      evacuate_live_objects(pss, worker_id);
+      scan_roots(pss);
+      evacuate_live_objects(pss);
     }
 
     end_work(worker_id);
@@ -733,29 +729,26 @@ class G1EvacuateRegionsTask : public G1EvacuateRegionsBaseTask {
   G1RootProcessor* _root_processor;
   bool _has_optional_evacuation_work;
 
-  void scan_roots(G1ParScanThreadState* pss, uint worker_id) {
-    _root_processor->evacuate_roots(pss, worker_id);
-    _g1h->rem_set()->scan_heap_roots(pss, worker_id, G1GCPhaseTimes::ScanHR, G1GCPhaseTimes::ObjCopy, _has_optional_evacuation_work);
-    _g1h->rem_set()->scan_collection_set_code_roots(pss, worker_id, G1GCPhaseTimes::CodeRoots, G1GCPhaseTimes::ObjCopy);
+  void scan_roots(G1ParScanThreadState* pss) {
+    _root_processor->evacuate_roots(pss);
+    _g1h->rem_set()->scan_heap_roots(pss, G1GCPhaseTimes::ScanHR, G1GCPhaseTimes::ObjCopy, _has_optional_evacuation_work);
+    _g1h->rem_set()->scan_collection_set_code_roots(pss, G1GCPhaseTimes::CodeRoots, G1GCPhaseTimes::ObjCopy);
     // There are no optional roots to scan right now.
 #ifdef ASSERT
     class VerifyOptionalCollectionSetRootsEmptyClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
-      G1ParScanThreadState* _pss;
-
     public:
-      VerifyOptionalCollectionSetRootsEmptyClosure(G1ParScanThreadState* pss) : _pss(pss) { }
 
       bool do_heap_region(G1HeapRegion* r) override {
         assert(!r->has_index_in_opt_cset(), "must be");
         return false;
       }
-    } cl(pss);
-    _g1h->collection_set_iterate_increment_from(&cl, worker_id);
+    } cl;
+    _g1h->collection_set_iterate_increment_from(&cl, pss->worker_id());
 #endif
   }
 
-  void evacuate_live_objects(G1ParScanThreadState* pss, uint worker_id) {
-    G1EvacuateRegionsBaseTask::evacuate_live_objects(pss, worker_id, G1GCPhaseTimes::ObjCopy, G1GCPhaseTimes::Termination);
+  void evacuate_live_objects(G1ParScanThreadState* pss) {
+    G1EvacuateRegionsBaseTask::evacuate_live_objects(pss, G1GCPhaseTimes::ObjCopy, G1GCPhaseTimes::Termination);
   }
 
   void start_work(uint worker_id) {
@@ -767,8 +760,7 @@ class G1EvacuateRegionsTask : public G1EvacuateRegionsBaseTask {
   }
 
 public:
-  G1EvacuateRegionsTask(G1CollectedHeap* g1h,
-                        G1ParScanThreadStateSet* per_thread_states,
+  G1EvacuateRegionsTask(G1ParScanThreadStateSet* per_thread_states,
                         G1ScannerTasksQueueSet* task_queues,
                         G1RootProcessor* root_processor,
                         uint num_workers,
@@ -791,8 +783,7 @@ void G1YoungCollector::evacuate_initial_collection_set(G1ParScanThreadStateSet*
   Ticks start_processing = Ticks::now();
   {
     G1RootProcessor root_processor(_g1h, num_workers > 1 /* is_parallel */);
-    G1EvacuateRegionsTask g1_par_task(_g1h,
-                                      per_thread_states,
+    G1EvacuateRegionsTask g1_par_task(per_thread_states,
                                       task_queues(),
                                       &root_processor,
                                       num_workers,
@@ -814,14 +805,14 @@ void G1YoungCollector::evacuate_initial_collection_set(G1ParScanThreadStateSet*
 
 class G1EvacuateOptionalRegionsTask : public G1EvacuateRegionsBaseTask {
 
-  void scan_roots(G1ParScanThreadState* pss, uint worker_id) {
-    _g1h->rem_set()->scan_heap_roots(pss, worker_id, G1GCPhaseTimes::OptScanHR, G1GCPhaseTimes::OptObjCopy, true /* remember_already_scanned_cards */);
-    _g1h->rem_set()->scan_collection_set_code_roots(pss, worker_id, G1GCPhaseTimes::OptCodeRoots, G1GCPhaseTimes::OptObjCopy);
-    _g1h->rem_set()->scan_collection_set_optional_roots(pss, worker_id, G1GCPhaseTimes::OptScanHR, G1GCPhaseTimes::ObjCopy);
+  void scan_roots(G1ParScanThreadState* pss) {
+    _g1h->rem_set()->scan_heap_roots(pss, G1GCPhaseTimes::OptScanHR, G1GCPhaseTimes::OptObjCopy, true /* remember_already_scanned_cards */);
+    _g1h->rem_set()->scan_collection_set_code_roots(pss, G1GCPhaseTimes::OptCodeRoots, G1GCPhaseTimes::OptObjCopy);
+    _g1h->rem_set()->scan_collection_set_optional_roots(pss, G1GCPhaseTimes::OptScanHR, G1GCPhaseTimes::ObjCopy);
   }
 
-  void evacuate_live_objects(G1ParScanThreadState* pss, uint worker_id) {
-    G1EvacuateRegionsBaseTask::evacuate_live_objects(pss, worker_id, G1GCPhaseTimes::OptObjCopy, G1GCPhaseTimes::OptTermination);
+  void evacuate_live_objects(G1ParScanThreadState* pss) {
+    G1EvacuateRegionsBaseTask::evacuate_live_objects(pss, G1GCPhaseTimes::OptObjCopy, G1GCPhaseTimes::OptTermination);
   }
 
 public:
@@ -982,7 +973,7 @@ class G1STWRefProcProxyTask : public RefProcProxyTask {
     G1STWIsAliveClosure is_alive(&_g1h);
     G1CopyingKeepAliveClosure keep_alive(&_g1h, pss);
     G1EnqueueDiscoveredFieldClosure enqueue(&_g1h, pss);
-    G1ParEvacuateFollowersClosure complete_gc(&_g1h, pss, &_task_queues, _tm == RefProcThreadModel::Single ? nullptr : &_terminator, G1GCPhaseTimes::ObjCopy);
+    G1ParEvacuateFollowersClosure complete_gc(pss, &_task_queues, _tm == RefProcThreadModel::Single ? nullptr : &_terminator, G1GCPhaseTimes::ObjCopy);
     _rp_task->rp_work(worker_id, &is_alive, &keep_alive, &enqueue, &complete_gc);
 
     // We have completed copying any necessary live referent objects.

From 032eae54b5c64ec9f484448811635911f7a488a0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 08:07:29 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 407/707] 8387860: G1: G1ConcurrentMark padding should use
 variables instead of types

Reviewed-by: ayang, iwalulya
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp
index f1f84bf246e..925d250ab0a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ class G1CMMarkStack {
     Atomic<TaskQueueEntryChunk*>* _buckets;
     char _pad0[DEFAULT_PADDING_SIZE];
     Atomic<size_t> _size;
-    char _pad4[DEFAULT_PADDING_SIZE - sizeof(size_t)];
+    char _pad4[DEFAULT_PADDING_SIZE - sizeof(_size)];
 
     size_t bucket_size(size_t bucket) {
       return (bucket == 0) ?
@@ -211,10 +211,10 @@ class G1CMMarkStack {
 
   char _pad0[DEFAULT_PADDING_SIZE];
   Atomic<TaskQueueEntryChunk*> _free_list;  // Linked list of free chunks that can be allocated by users.
-  char _pad1[DEFAULT_PADDING_SIZE - sizeof(TaskQueueEntryChunk*)];
+  char _pad1[DEFAULT_PADDING_SIZE - sizeof(_free_list)];
   Atomic<TaskQueueEntryChunk*> _chunk_list; // List of chunks currently containing data.
   Atomic<size_t> _chunks_in_chunk_list;
-  char _pad2[DEFAULT_PADDING_SIZE - sizeof(TaskQueueEntryChunk*) - sizeof(_chunks_in_chunk_list)];
+  char _pad2[DEFAULT_PADDING_SIZE - sizeof(_chunk_list) - sizeof(_chunks_in_chunk_list)];
 
   // Atomically add the given chunk to the list.
   void add_chunk_to_list(Atomic<TaskQueueEntryChunk*>* list, TaskQueueEntryChunk* elem);

From e0cfc8c4ea52eaf5636483e5f779054f756c83ae Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 08:07:54 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 408/707] 8389139: [lworld] C1 should not reuse CodeEmitInfo
 for G1 pre-barriers of atomic flat fields

Reviewed-by: qamai, chagedorn
---
 .../gc/shared/c1/cardTableBarrierSetC1.cpp    | 10 ++-
 .../inlinetypes/TestFlatTwoOopField.java      | 70 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 78 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatTwoOopField.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c1/cardTableBarrierSetC1.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c1/cardTableBarrierSetC1.cpp
index 9effc0ad349..d478840578f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c1/cardTableBarrierSetC1.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/c1/cardTableBarrierSetC1.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "c1/c1_IR.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/c1/cardTableBarrierSetC1.hpp"
@@ -49,7 +50,12 @@ void CardTableBarrierSetC1::store_at_resolved(LIRAccess& access, LIR_Opr value)
       ciField* field = vk->nonstatic_field_at(i);
       if (!field->type()->is_primitive_type()) {
         int off = access.offset().opr().as_jint() + field->offset_in_bytes() - vk->payload_offset();
-        LIRAccess inner_access(access.gen(), decorators, access.base(), LIR_OprFact::intConst(off), field->type()->basic_type(), access.patch_emit_info(), access.access_emit_info());
+        // Each pre-barrier needs its own CodeEmitInfo
+        CodeEmitInfo* info = access.patch_emit_info();
+        if (info != nullptr) {
+          info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
+        }
+        LIRAccess inner_access(access.gen(), decorators, access.base(), LIR_OprFact::intConst(off), field->type()->basic_type(), info, access.access_emit_info());
         pre_barrier(inner_access, resolve_address(inner_access, false),
                     LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr /* pre_val */, inner_access.patch_emit_info());
       }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatTwoOopField.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatTwoOopField.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cfaef1920ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatTwoOopField.java
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8389139
+ * @summary Test atomic flat field stores with two embedded oops
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+public class TestFlatTwoOopField {
+    static value class TwoOopValue {
+        Object x;
+        Object y;
+
+        TwoOopValue(Object x, Object y) {
+            this.x = x;
+            this.y = y;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    TwoOopValue field;
+
+    TestFlatTwoOopField() {
+        field = new TwoOopValue(null, null);
+        super();
+    }
+
+    static void test(TestFlatTwoOopField holder, TwoOopValue value) {
+        holder.field = value;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestFlatTwoOopField holder = new TestFlatTwoOopField();
+        TwoOopValue value = new TwoOopValue(null, null);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; i++) {
+            test(holder, value);
+        }
+    }
+}

From 062ab7f2939ba17ee9389af5c143b5fd955a022f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Albert Mingkun Yang <ayang@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 10:07:41 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 409/707] 8388005: G1: Decrease parallelism in actual deferred
 code root update work

Reviewed-by: tschatzl, ogillespie
---
 .../share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp      | 63 +---------------
 .../share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.hpp      | 34 ++-------
 .../gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.inline.hpp     | 29 +------
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp          |  2 -
 .../gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp      | 75 +++++++++----------
 5 files changed, 47 insertions(+), 156 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp
index 0a9fc430953..3a7ff7adc4f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.cpp
@@ -55,20 +55,12 @@
 // Explicit NOINLINE to block ATTRIBUTE_FLATTENing.
 #define MAYBE_INLINE_EVACUATION NOT_DEBUG(inline) DEBUG_ONLY(NOINLINE)
 
-// Good estimate for the initial table size.
-static uint initial_nmethod_table_size(G1CollectedHeap* g1h) {
-  // The +1 is both to consider the retained old region likely to be added, and avoid zero-sized initial tables.
-  return MIN3(g1h->collection_set()->num_regions(), g1h->max_num_regions() / 2, g1h->num_available_regions()) + 1;
-}
-
 G1ParScanThreadState::G1ParScanThreadState(G1CollectedHeap* g1h,
-                                           G1ParScanThreadStateSet* per_thread_states,
                                            uint worker_id,
                                            uint num_workers,
                                            G1CollectionSet* collection_set,
                                            G1EvacFailureRegions* evac_failure_regions)
   : _g1h(g1h),
-    _per_thread_states(per_thread_states),
     _task_queue(g1h->task_queue(worker_id)),
     _ct(g1h->refinement_table()),
     _closures(nullptr),
@@ -91,10 +83,7 @@ G1ParScanThreadState::G1ParScanThreadState(G1CollectedHeap* g1h,
     _max_num_optional_regions(collection_set->num_optional_regions()),
     _numa(g1h->numa()),
     _obj_alloc_stat(nullptr),
-    // The initial size estimate is relatively conservative, assuming that all regions
-    // in the collection set get evacuated into the same amount of new regions.
-    _nmethods_to_add(initial_nmethod_table_size(g1h),
-                     MAX2(initial_nmethod_table_size(g1h), _g1h->max_num_regions() / 2)),
+    _code_root_pairs(32),
     ALLOCATION_FAILURE_INJECTOR_ONLY(_allocation_failure_inject_counter(0) COMMA)
     _evacuation_failed_info(),
     _evac_failure_regions(evac_failure_regions),
@@ -141,12 +130,6 @@ size_t G1ParScanThreadState::flush_stats(size_t* surviving_young_words, uint num
 }
 
 G1ParScanThreadState::~G1ParScanThreadState() {
-  auto delete_all = [&] (uint region, G1NmethodSet* nmethods) -> bool {
-    delete nmethods;
-    return true;
-  };
-  _nmethods_to_add.iterate(delete_all);
-
   delete _plab_allocator;
   delete _closures;
   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(_surviving_young_words_base);
@@ -597,7 +580,6 @@ G1ParScanThreadState* G1ParScanThreadStateSet::state_for_worker(uint worker_id)
   if (_states[worker_id] == nullptr) {
     _states[worker_id] =
       new G1ParScanThreadState(_g1h,
-                               this,
                                worker_id,
                                _num_workers,
                                _collection_set,
@@ -649,39 +631,6 @@ void G1ParScanThreadStateSet::destroy_worker_states() {
   }
 }
 
-void G1ParScanThreadStateSet::update_nmethod_regions_to_add(G1NmethodsToAdd* nmethods) {
-  if (nmethods->number_of_entries() == 0) {
-    return;
-  }
-
-  // Take the key set, look which are not yet in the global set, and update the necessary ones.
-  ResourceMark rm;
-  GrowableArray<uint> regions_to_add = GrowableArray<uint>(nmethods->table_size());
-
-  nmethods->iterate_all([&] (uint& region, void*) {
-    if (_has_nmethods_to_add.par_set_bit(region, memory_order_relaxed)) {
-      regions_to_add.push(region);
-    }
-  });
-
-  uint num_regions_to_add = (uint)regions_to_add.length();
-
-  if (num_regions_to_add == 0) {
-    return;
-  }
-
-  uint first_index = _num_nmethod_regions_to_add.fetch_then_add(num_regions_to_add, memory_order_relaxed);
-  guarantee(first_index + num_regions_to_add <= _g1h->max_num_regions(), "must be");
-
-  memcpy(&_nmethod_regions_to_add[first_index], regions_to_add.adr_at(0), num_regions_to_add * sizeof(uint));
-}
-
-void G1ParScanThreadStateSet::par_iterate_nmethod_regions_to_add(G1HeapRegionClosure* cl,
-                                                                 G1HeapRegionClaimer* claimer,
-                                                                 uint worker_id) {
-  _g1h->par_iterate_regions_array(cl, claimer, _nmethod_regions_to_add, num_nmethod_regions_to_add(), worker_id);
-}
-
 void G1ParScanThreadStateSet::record_unused_optional_region(G1HeapRegion* hr) {
   for (uint worker_id = 0; worker_id < _num_workers; ++worker_id) {
     G1ParScanThreadState* pss = _states[worker_id];
@@ -737,10 +686,6 @@ oop G1ParScanThreadState::handle_evacuation_failure_par(oop old, markWord m, Kla
   }
 }
 
-void G1ParScanThreadState::update_nmethod_regions_to_add() {
-  _per_thread_states->update_nmethod_regions_to_add(&_nmethods_to_add);
-}
-
 void G1ParScanThreadState::initialize_numa_stats() {
   if (_numa->is_enabled()) {
     LogTarget(Info, gc, heap, numa) lt;
@@ -785,10 +730,7 @@ G1ParScanThreadStateSet::G1ParScanThreadStateSet(G1CollectedHeap* g1h,
     _surviving_young_words_total(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(size_t, collection_set->num_young_regions() + 1, mtGC)),
     _num_workers(num_workers),
     _flushed(false),
-    _evac_failure_regions(evac_failure_regions),
-    _has_nmethods_to_add(g1h->max_num_regions(), mtGC),
-    _num_nmethod_regions_to_add(0),
-    _nmethod_regions_to_add(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(uint, g1h->max_num_regions(), mtGC)) // Conservative length estimation.
+    _evac_failure_regions(evac_failure_regions)
 {
   for (uint i = 0; i < num_workers; ++i) {
     _states[i] = nullptr;
@@ -800,7 +742,6 @@ G1ParScanThreadStateSet::~G1ParScanThreadStateSet() {
   for (uint i = 0; i < _num_workers; i++) {
     assert(_states[i] == nullptr, "must be");
   }
-  FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(_nmethod_regions_to_add);
   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(_states);
   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(_surviving_young_words_total);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.hpp
index 100c3d8aff4..65859c5ade7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.hpp
@@ -37,9 +37,7 @@
 #include "gc/shared/taskqueue.hpp"
 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.hpp"
-#include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
 #include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
-#include "utilities/resizableHashTable.hpp"
 #include "utilities/ticks.hpp"
 
 class G1CardTable;
@@ -52,11 +50,13 @@ class G1PLABAllocator;
 class G1HeapRegion;
 class outputStream;
 
-typedef GrowableArrayCHeap<nmethod*, mtGC> G1NmethodSet;
-typedef ResizeableHashTable<uint, G1NmethodSet*, AnyObj::C_HEAP, mtGC> G1NmethodsToAdd;
+// A code root pair gathered during code root scanning.
+struct G1CodeRootPair {
+  uint _region_idx;
+  nmethod* _nmethod;
+};
 class G1ParScanThreadState : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   G1CollectedHeap* _g1h;
-  G1ParScanThreadStateSet* _per_thread_states;
   G1ScannerTasksQueue* _task_queue;
   G1CardTable* _ct;
   G1EvacuationRootClosures* _closures;
@@ -103,8 +103,8 @@ class G1ParScanThreadState : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   // transferred when flushed.
   size_t* _obj_alloc_stat;
 
-  // The nmethods that were found during code root scan that need to be redistributed.
-  G1NmethodsToAdd _nmethods_to_add;
+  // Code root pairs to add after evacuation.
+  GrowableArrayCHeap<G1CodeRootPair, mtGC> _code_root_pairs;
 
   // Per-thread evacuation failure data structures.
   ALLOCATION_FAILURE_INJECTOR_ONLY(size_t _allocation_failure_inject_counter;)
@@ -124,7 +124,6 @@ class G1ParScanThreadState : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
 
 public:
   G1ParScanThreadState(G1CollectedHeap* g1h,
-                       G1ParScanThreadStateSet* per_thread_states,
                        uint worker_id,
                        uint num_workers,
                        G1CollectionSet* collection_set,
@@ -256,14 +255,8 @@ class G1ParScanThreadState : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   oop handle_evacuation_failure_par(oop obj, markWord m, Klass* klass, G1HeapRegionAttr attr, size_t word_sz, bool cause_pinned);
 
   inline void remember_nmethod_into_region(G1HeapRegion* r, nmethod* nm);
-  // Updates the global set of regions that need updates to the code root set
-  // later with the ones gathered so far.
-  void update_nmethod_regions_to_add();
 
-  inline size_t num_nmethods(uint index) const;
-  // Iterate nmethods stored for the given region index.
-  template <typename Function>
-  inline void iterate_nmethods(uint index, Function fn);
+  const GrowableArrayCHeap<G1CodeRootPair, mtGC>& code_root_pairs() const { return _code_root_pairs; }
 
   template <typename T>
   inline void remember_root_into_optional_region(T* p);
@@ -282,10 +275,6 @@ class G1ParScanThreadStateSet : public StackObj {
   bool _flushed;
   G1EvacFailureRegions* _evac_failure_regions;
 
-  CHeapBitMap _has_nmethods_to_add;
-  Atomic<uint> _num_nmethod_regions_to_add;
-  uint* _nmethod_regions_to_add;
-
  public:
   G1ParScanThreadStateSet(G1CollectedHeap* g1h,
                           uint num_workers,
@@ -296,13 +285,6 @@ class G1ParScanThreadStateSet : public StackObj {
   void flush_stats();
   void destroy_worker_states();
 
-  // Updates the region set that has code root updates with the regions in the given set.
-  void update_nmethod_regions_to_add(G1NmethodsToAdd* nmethods);
-  void par_iterate_nmethod_regions_to_add(G1HeapRegionClosure* cl,
-                                          G1HeapRegionClaimer* claimer,
-                                          uint worker_id);
-  uint num_nmethod_regions_to_add() const { return _num_nmethod_regions_to_add.load_relaxed(); }
-
   void record_unused_optional_region(G1HeapRegion* hr);
 #if TASKQUEUE_STATS
   void print_partial_array_task_stats();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.inline.hpp
index c42f5f4c4f6..6d6a18f97a7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ParScanThreadState.inline.hpp
@@ -71,34 +71,7 @@ inline void G1ParScanThreadState::reset_trim_ticks() {
 }
 
 inline void G1ParScanThreadState::remember_nmethod_into_region(G1HeapRegion* r, nmethod* nm) {
-  uint index = r->hrm_index();
-
-  G1NmethodSet** nmethods = _nmethods_to_add.get(index);
-  if (nmethods != nullptr) {
-    (*nmethods)->push(nm);
-  } else {
-    G1NmethodSet* new_set = new G1NmethodSet(3);
-    new_set->push(nm);
-    bool put_result = _nmethods_to_add.put(index, new_set);
-    assert(put_result, "must be");
-    _nmethods_to_add.maybe_grow(3 /* load_factor */);
-  }
-}
-
-inline size_t G1ParScanThreadState::num_nmethods(uint region) const {
-  G1NmethodSet** nmethods = _nmethods_to_add.get(region);
-  return nmethods != nullptr ? (size_t)(*nmethods)->length() : 0;
-}
-
-template <typename Function>
-inline void G1ParScanThreadState::iterate_nmethods(uint index, Function fn) {
-  G1NmethodSet** nmethods = _nmethods_to_add.get(index);
-  if (nmethods == nullptr) {
-    return;
-  }
-  for (nmethod* nm : **nmethods) {
-    fn(nm);
-  }
+  _code_root_pairs.push(G1CodeRootPair{r->hrm_index(), nm});
 }
 
 template <typename T>
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp
index e48ab356464..149f1da1a8b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RemSet.cpp
@@ -616,8 +616,6 @@ void G1RemSet::scan_collection_set_code_roots(G1ParScanThreadState* pss,
     // set regions for all threads.
     _g1h->collection_set_iterate_increment_from(&cl, worker_id);
 
-    pss->update_nmethod_regions_to_add();
-
     p->record_or_add_thread_work_item(coderoots_phase, worker_id, cl.code_roots_scanned(), G1GCPhaseTimes::CodeRootsScannedNMethods);
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp
index 5a10ab7ae3b..6207480a50e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungGCPostEvacuateTasks.cpp
@@ -122,52 +122,49 @@ class G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask1::SampleCollectionSetCandidatesTask
 class G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask1::UpdateCodeRootsTask
   : public G1AbstractSubTask
 {
-  class ProcessRegionClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
-    G1ParScanThreadStateSet* _psss;
+  G1ParScanThreadStateSet* _psss;
 
-  public:
-    ProcessRegionClosure(G1ParScanThreadStateSet* psss) : _psss(psss) { }
+public:
+  UpdateCodeRootsTask(G1ParScanThreadStateSet* per_thread_states)
+    : G1AbstractSubTask(G1GCPhaseTimes::UpdateCodeRoots), _psss(per_thread_states) { }
 
-    bool do_heap_region(G1HeapRegion* r) override {
-      uint index = r->hrm_index();
+  double worker_cost() const override { return 1.0; }
+
+  // Add code roots serially to avoid lock and resize contention.
+  void do_work(uint worker_id) override {
+    G1CollectedHeap* g1h = G1CollectedHeap::heap();
+    uint max_regions = g1h->max_num_regions();
 
-      size_t num_nmethods = 0;
-      for (uint i = 0; i < _psss->num_workers(); i++) {
-        G1ParScanThreadState* pss = _psss->state_for_worker(i);
-        num_nmethods += pss->num_nmethods(index);
+    uint* counts = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(uint, max_regions, mtGC);
+    memset(counts, 0, max_regions * sizeof(uint));
+
+    // Pass 1: count the number of nmethods to add per region across all workers.
+    for (uint i = 0; i < _psss->num_workers(); i++) {
+      G1ParScanThreadState* pss = _psss->state_for_worker(i);
+      const GrowableArrayCHeap<G1CodeRootPair, mtGC>& pairs = pss->code_root_pairs();
+      for (const G1CodeRootPair& pair : pairs) {
+        counts[pair._region_idx]++;
       }
-      if (num_nmethods != 0) {
-        // Notify the code root sets that we are going to add code roots.
-        r->rem_set()->prepare_for_adding_code_roots(num_nmethods);
-
-        // Add roots.
-        for (uint i = 0; i < _psss->num_workers(); i++) {
-          G1ParScanThreadState* pss = _psss->state_for_worker(i);
-          pss->iterate_nmethods(index, [&] (nmethod* nm) { r->add_code_root(nm); });
+    }
+
+    // Pass 2: pre-size each region's code root set once, then add all nmethods.
+    for (uint i = 0; i < _psss->num_workers(); i++) {
+      G1ParScanThreadState* pss = _psss->state_for_worker(i);
+      const GrowableArrayCHeap<G1CodeRootPair, mtGC>& pairs = pss->code_root_pairs();
+      for (const G1CodeRootPair& pair : pairs) {
+        uint region_idx = pair._region_idx;
+        G1HeapRegion* region = g1h->region_at(region_idx);
+        if (counts[region_idx] > 0) {
+          // First occurrence of this region: pre-size its code root set to the
+          // final size so it never needs to grow under the (single-threaded) add.
+          region->rem_set()->prepare_for_adding_code_roots(counts[region_idx]);
+          counts[region_idx] = 0;
         }
+        region->add_code_root(pair._nmethod);
       }
-      return false;
     }
-  };
 
-  G1ParScanThreadStateSet* _psss;
-  G1HeapRegionClaimer _claimer;
-
-public:
-  UpdateCodeRootsTask(G1ParScanThreadStateSet* per_thread_states)
-    : G1AbstractSubTask(G1GCPhaseTimes::UpdateCodeRoots), _psss(per_thread_states), _claimer(0) { }
-
-  double worker_cost() const override {
-    return _psss->num_nmethod_regions_to_add();
-  }
-
-  void set_max_workers(uint max_workers) override {
-    _claimer.set_n_workers(max_workers);
-  }
-
-  void do_work(uint worker_id) override {
-    ProcessRegionClosure cl(_psss);
-    _psss->par_iterate_nmethod_regions_to_add(&cl, &_claimer, worker_id);
+    FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(counts);
   }
 };
 
@@ -384,7 +381,7 @@ G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask1::G1PostEvacuateCollectionSetCleanupTask1
   if (SampleCollectionSetCandidatesTask::should_execute()) {
     add_serial_task(new SampleCollectionSetCandidatesTask());
   }
-  add_parallel_task(new UpdateCodeRootsTask(per_thread_states));
+  add_serial_task(new UpdateCodeRootsTask(per_thread_states));
 
   add_parallel_task(G1CollectedHeap::heap()->rem_set()->create_cleanup_after_scan_heap_roots_task());
   if (evac_failed) {

From 6936bcf61ab74a41b71fc26e3eaae6bdb9dada19 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 10:28:26 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 410/707] 8388361: [lworld] C2 hits node limit during
 scalarization in safepoints

Reviewed-by: mchevalier, chagedorn
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp           |   4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp            |  14 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp             |   5 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.cpp     |  18 ++-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.hpp     |   4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp              |   8 +-
 .../TestSafepointScalarizationNodeLimit.java  | 129 ++++++++++++++++++
 7 files changed, 171 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestSafepointScalarizationNodeLimit.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp
index 5856438a943..3916b20f59a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp
@@ -1733,7 +1733,9 @@ Node *SafePointNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
     for (uint i = jvms()->debug_start(); i < jvms()->debug_end(); i++) {
       Node* n = in(i)->uncast();
       if (n->is_InlineType()) {
-        n->as_InlineType()->make_scalar_in_safepoints(phase->is_IterGVN(), true, this);
+        if (!n->as_InlineType()->make_scalar_in_safepoints(phase->is_IterGVN(), true, this)) {
+          return nullptr;
+        }
       }
     }
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
index dee6e7fc397..8c0d67f312c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
@@ -2130,7 +2130,10 @@ void Compile::process_inline_types(PhaseIterGVN &igvn, bool remove) {
   set_scalarize_in_safepoints(true);
   for (int i = _inline_type_nodes.length()-1; i >= 0; i--) {
     InlineTypeNode* vt = _inline_type_nodes.at(i)->as_InlineType();
-    vt->make_scalar_in_safepoints(&igvn);
+    if (!vt->make_scalar_in_safepoints(&igvn)) {
+      record_failure("out of nodes during scalarization");
+      return;
+    }
     igvn.record_for_igvn(vt);
   }
   if (remove) {
@@ -3113,6 +3116,9 @@ void Compile::Optimize() {
 
   // Process inline type nodes now that all inlining is over
   process_inline_types(igvn);
+  if (failing()) {
+    return;
+  }
 
   adjust_flat_array_access_aliases(igvn);
 
@@ -3299,6 +3305,9 @@ void Compile::Optimize() {
   // Process inline types before macro expansion. Otherwise, we will not be able to
   // remove unused allocations because it cannot match the expanded allocation.
   process_inline_types(igvn);
+  if (failing()) {
+    return;
+  }
 
   {
     TracePhase tp(_t_macroExpand);
@@ -3332,6 +3341,9 @@ void Compile::Optimize() {
   // Process inline type nodes again and remove them. From here
   // on we don't need to keep track of field values anymore.
   process_inline_types(igvn, /* remove= */ true);
+  if (failing()) {
+    return;
+  }
 
   {
     TracePhase tp(_t_barrierExpand);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp
index 88bc85055f5..c2187cfd44b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp
@@ -1374,7 +1374,10 @@ bool ConnectionGraph::reduce_phi_on_safepoints_helper(Node* ophi, Node* cast, No
       const bool allow_oop = !merge_t->is_flat();
       for (uint j = 0; j < value_worklist.size(); ++j) {
         InlineTypeNode* vt = value_worklist.at(j)->as_InlineType();
-        vt->make_scalar_in_safepoints(_igvn, allow_oop);
+        if (!vt->make_scalar_in_safepoints(_igvn, allow_oop)) {
+          sfpt->restore_non_debug_edges(non_debug_edges_worklist);
+          return false;
+        }
       }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.cpp
index b6ddcdcaa80..2f550fec89f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.cpp
@@ -324,11 +324,11 @@ void InlineTypeNode::make_scalar_in_safepoint(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Unique_Node_Li
   }
 }
 
-void InlineTypeNode::make_scalar_in_safepoints(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, bool allow_oop) {
-  make_scalar_in_safepoints(igvn, allow_oop, nullptr);
+bool InlineTypeNode::make_scalar_in_safepoints(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, bool allow_oop) {
+  return make_scalar_in_safepoints(igvn, allow_oop, nullptr);
 }
 
-void InlineTypeNode::make_scalar_in_safepoints(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, bool allow_oop, SafePointNode* safepoint) {
+bool InlineTypeNode::make_scalar_in_safepoints(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, bool allow_oop, SafePointNode* safepoint) {
   // If the inline type has a constant or loaded oop, use the oop instead of scalarization
   // in the safepoint to avoid keeping field loads live just for the debug info.
   Node* oop = get_oop();
@@ -378,8 +378,13 @@ void InlineTypeNode::make_scalar_in_safepoints(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, bool allow_oo
     safepoints.push(safepoint);
   }
 
+  // Scalarize the inline type in all safepoint uses but first check if we
+  // have enough nodes left to create a new SafePointScalarObjectNode per use.
+  Compile* C = igvn->C;
+  if ((C->live_nodes() + safepoints.size() + NodeLimitFudgeFactor) > C->max_node_limit()) {
+    return false;
+  }
   Unique_Node_List vt_worklist;
-  // Process all safepoint uses and scalarize inline type
   while (safepoints.size() > 0) {
     SafePointNode* sfpt = safepoints.pop()->as_SafePoint();
     if (use_oop) {
@@ -397,11 +402,14 @@ void InlineTypeNode::make_scalar_in_safepoints(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, bool allow_oo
   // Now scalarize non-flat fields
   for (uint i = 0; i < vt_worklist.size(); ++i) {
     InlineTypeNode* vt = vt_worklist.at(i)->isa_InlineType();
-    vt->make_scalar_in_safepoints(igvn);
+    if (!vt->make_scalar_in_safepoints(igvn)) {
+      return false;
+    }
   }
   if (outcnt() == 0) {
     igvn->record_for_igvn(this);
   }
+  return true;
 }
 
 void InlineTypeNode::load(GraphKit* kit, Node* base, Node* ptr, bool immutable_memory, bool trust_null_free_oop, DecoratorSet decorators) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.hpp
index 37197680f3d..3c1dea99ba6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.hpp
@@ -122,9 +122,9 @@ class InlineTypeNode : public TypeNode {
   uint          field_index(int offset) const;
 
   // Replace InlineTypeNodes in debug info at safepoints with SafePointScalarObjectNodes
-  void make_scalar_in_safepoints(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, bool allow_oop = true);
+  [[nodiscard]] bool make_scalar_in_safepoints(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, bool allow_oop = true);
   // Variant that allows to limit to a single safepoint. If nullptr is given, all safepoint uses will be considered.
-  void make_scalar_in_safepoints(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, bool allow_oop, SafePointNode* safepoint);
+  [[nodiscard]] bool make_scalar_in_safepoints(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, bool allow_oop, SafePointNode* safepoint);
 
   // Store the inline type as a flat (headerless) representation
   void store_flat(GraphKit* kit, Node* base, Node* ptr, bool atomic, bool immutable_memory, bool null_free, DecoratorSet decorators);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp
index 443b3a3857e..fe0a513bc09 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp
@@ -1316,7 +1316,10 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::scalar_replacement(AllocateNode* alloc, Unique_Node_List&
   bool allow_oop = (res_type != nullptr) && !res_type->is_flat();
   for (uint i = 0; i < value_worklist.size(); ++i) {
     InlineTypeNode* vt = value_worklist.at(i)->as_InlineType();
-    vt->make_scalar_in_safepoints(&_igvn, allow_oop);
+    if (!vt->make_scalar_in_safepoints(&_igvn, allow_oop)) {
+      C->record_failure("out of nodes during scalarization");
+      return false;
+    }
   }
   return true;
 }
@@ -3294,6 +3297,9 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::eliminate_macro_nodes(bool eliminate_locks) {
                BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2()->is_gc_barrier_node(n),
                "unknown node type in macro list");
       }
+      if (C->failing()) {
+        return;
+      }
       assert(success == (C->macro_count() < old_macro_count), "elimination reduces macro count");
       progress = progress || success;
       if (success) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestSafepointScalarizationNodeLimit.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestSafepointScalarizationNodeLimit.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f3eb37856d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestSafepointScalarizationNodeLimit.java
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test that scalarizing value objects in safepoint debug info respects the C2 node limit.
+ * @bug 8388361
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   -XX:+DeoptimizeALot
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test*
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,${test.main.class}::blackhole
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=inline,${test.main.class}::safepoints
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestSafepointScalarizationNodeLimit {
+
+    // Not inlined
+    static void blackhole() { }
+
+    // 30 safepoints
+    static void safepoints() {
+        blackhole(); blackhole(); blackhole(); blackhole(); blackhole();
+        blackhole(); blackhole(); blackhole(); blackhole(); blackhole();
+        blackhole(); blackhole(); blackhole(); blackhole(); blackhole();
+        blackhole(); blackhole(); blackhole(); blackhole(); blackhole();
+        blackhole(); blackhole(); blackhole(); blackhole(); blackhole();
+        blackhole(); blackhole(); blackhole(); blackhole(); blackhole();
+    }
+
+    static int test1(int x) {
+        // DeoptimizeALot keeps all locals live. Each scalar value is therefore present
+        // in the debug info at every safepoint below.
+        Integer i0 = x, i1 = x + 1, i2 = x + 2, i3 = x + 3, i4 = x + 4,
+            i5 = x + 5, i6 = x + 6, i7 = x + 7, i8 = x + 8, i9 = x + 9,
+            i10 = x + 10, i11 = x + 11, i12 = x + 12, i13 = x + 13, i14 = x + 14,
+            i15 = x + 15, i16 = x + 16, i17 = x + 17, i18 = x + 18, i19 = x + 19,
+            i20 = x + 20, i21 = x + 21, i22 = x + 22, i23 = x + 23, i24 = x + 24,
+            i25 = x + 25, i26 = x + 26, i27 = x + 27, i28 = x + 28, i29 = x + 29,
+            i30 = x + 30, i31 = x + 31, i32 = x + 32, i33 = x + 33, i34 = x + 34,
+            i35 = x + 35, i36 = x + 36, i37 = x + 37, i38 = x + 38, i39 = x + 39,
+            i40 = x + 40, i41 = x + 41, i42 = x + 42, i43 = x + 43, i44 = x + 44,
+            i45 = x + 45, i46 = x + 46, i47 = x + 47, i48 = x + 48, i49 = x + 49,
+            i50 = x + 50, i51 = x + 51, i52 = x + 52, i53 = x + 53, i54 = x + 54,
+            i55 = x + 55, i56 = x + 56, i57 = x + 57, i58 = x + 58, i59 = x + 59,
+            i60 = x + 60, i61 = x + 61, i62 = x + 62, i63 = x + 63, i64 = x + 64,
+            i65 = x + 65, i66 = x + 66, i67 = x + 67, i68 = x + 68, i69 = x + 69,
+            i70 = x + 70, i71 = x + 71, i72 = x + 72, i73 = x + 73, i74 = x + 74,
+            i75 = x + 75, i76 = x + 76, i77 = x + 77, i78 = x + 78, i79 = x + 79,
+            i80 = x + 80, i81 = x + 81, i82 = x + 82, i83 = x + 83, i84 = x + 84,
+            i85 = x + 85, i86 = x + 86, i87 = x + 87, i88 = x + 88, i89 = x + 89,
+            i90 = x + 90, i91 = x + 91, i92 = x + 92, i93 = x + 93, i94 = x + 94,
+            i95 = x + 95, i96 = x + 96, i97 = x + 97, i98 = x + 98, i99 = x + 99;
+
+        // 30 x 30 = 900 safepoints, each one with 100 live Integers
+        safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints();
+        safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints();
+        safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints();
+        safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints();
+        safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints();
+        safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints();
+        return i99;
+    }
+
+    // Same as test2 but with fewer safepoints - triggered a different assert
+    static int test2(int x) {
+        // DeoptimizeALot keeps all locals live. Each scalar value is therefore present
+        // in the debug info at every safepoint below.
+        Integer i0 = x, i1 = x + 1, i2 = x + 2, i3 = x + 3, i4 = x + 4,
+            i5 = x + 5, i6 = x + 6, i7 = x + 7, i8 = x + 8, i9 = x + 9,
+            i10 = x + 10, i11 = x + 11, i12 = x + 12, i13 = x + 13, i14 = x + 14,
+            i15 = x + 15, i16 = x + 16, i17 = x + 17, i18 = x + 18, i19 = x + 19,
+            i20 = x + 20, i21 = x + 21, i22 = x + 22, i23 = x + 23, i24 = x + 24,
+            i25 = x + 25, i26 = x + 26, i27 = x + 27, i28 = x + 28, i29 = x + 29,
+            i30 = x + 30, i31 = x + 31, i32 = x + 32, i33 = x + 33, i34 = x + 34,
+            i35 = x + 35, i36 = x + 36, i37 = x + 37, i38 = x + 38, i39 = x + 39,
+            i40 = x + 40, i41 = x + 41, i42 = x + 42, i43 = x + 43, i44 = x + 44,
+            i45 = x + 45, i46 = x + 46, i47 = x + 47, i48 = x + 48, i49 = x + 49,
+            i50 = x + 50, i51 = x + 51, i52 = x + 52, i53 = x + 53, i54 = x + 54,
+            i55 = x + 55, i56 = x + 56, i57 = x + 57, i58 = x + 58, i59 = x + 59,
+            i60 = x + 60, i61 = x + 61, i62 = x + 62, i63 = x + 63, i64 = x + 64,
+            i65 = x + 65, i66 = x + 66, i67 = x + 67, i68 = x + 68, i69 = x + 69,
+            i70 = x + 70, i71 = x + 71, i72 = x + 72, i73 = x + 73, i74 = x + 74,
+            i75 = x + 75, i76 = x + 76, i77 = x + 77, i78 = x + 78, i79 = x + 79,
+            i80 = x + 80, i81 = x + 81, i82 = x + 82, i83 = x + 83, i84 = x + 84,
+            i85 = x + 85, i86 = x + 86, i87 = x + 87, i88 = x + 88, i89 = x + 89,
+            i90 = x + 90, i91 = x + 91, i92 = x + 92, i93 = x + 93, i94 = x + 94,
+            i95 = x + 95, i96 = x + 96, i97 = x + 97, i98 = x + 98, i99 = x + 99;
+
+        // 20 x 30 = 600 safepoints, each one with 100 live Integers
+        safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints();
+        safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints();
+        safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints();
+        safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints(); safepoints();
+        return i99;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test1(42), 141);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(test2(42), 141);
+    }
+}

From 0df7d0884b3c896316716ac129218637c2c3d053 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 10:40:27 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 411/707] 8388256: [lworld] Clone of reference array is broken
 in C2

Reviewed-by: mchevalier, aboldtch
---
 src/hotspot/share/memory/oopFactory.cpp       |  9 ++-
 src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.cpp     |  4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp     |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.cpp      | 14 ++---
 src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.hpp      |  1 +
 src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.cpp      |  4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.hpp      |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/runtime.cpp            |  4 +-
 .../inlinetypes/TestReferenceArrayClone.java  | 57 +++++++++++++++++++
 9 files changed, 76 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestReferenceArrayClone.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/memory/oopFactory.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/memory/oopFactory.cpp
index c1f9f8dacc8..178878607d3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/memory/oopFactory.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/memory/oopFactory.cpp
@@ -79,7 +79,8 @@ typeArrayOop oopFactory::new_longArray(int length, TRAPS) {
 
 // create java.lang.Object[]
 refArrayOop oopFactory::new_objectArray(int length, TRAPS)  {
-  return Universe::objectArrayKlass()->allocate_instance(length, THREAD);
+  objArrayOop array = Universe::objectArrayKlass()->allocate_instance(length, CHECK_NULL);
+  return oop_cast<refArrayOop>(array);
 }
 
 typeArrayOop oopFactory::new_charArray(const char* utf8_str, TRAPS) {
@@ -126,7 +127,8 @@ refArrayOop oopFactory::new_refArray(Klass* klass, int length, ArrayProperties p
   ObjArrayKlass* oak = ObjArrayKlass::cast(ak)->klass_from_description(ad, CHECK_NULL);
   // Cast below must pass because the array description required a RefArrayKlass
   RefArrayKlass* rak = RefArrayKlass::cast(oak);
-  return rak->allocate_instance(length, CHECK_NULL);
+  objArrayOop array = rak->allocate_instance(length, CHECK_NULL);
+  return oop_cast<refArrayOop>(array);
 }
 
 refArrayOop oopFactory::new_refArray(Klass* klass, int length, TRAPS) {
@@ -138,7 +140,8 @@ flatArrayOop oopFactory::new_flatArray(InlineKlass* ik, int length, ArrayPropert
   ObjArrayKlass* oak = ObjArrayKlass::cast(ak)->klass_with_properties(props, CHECK_NULL);
   FlatArrayKlass* fak = FlatArrayKlass::cast(oak);
 
-  return fak->allocate_instance(length, THREAD);
+  objArrayOop array = fak->allocate_instance(length, CHECK_NULL);
+  return oop_cast<flatArrayOop>(array);
 }
 
 refArrayHandle oopFactory::new_refArray_handle(Klass* klass, int length, TRAPS) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.cpp
index b1d99768a75..dd33074f656 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.cpp
@@ -146,12 +146,12 @@ void FlatArrayKlass::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
 }
 
 // Oops allocation...
-flatArrayOop FlatArrayKlass::allocate_instance(int length, TRAPS) {
+objArrayOop FlatArrayKlass::allocate_instance(int length, TRAPS) {
   assert(UseArrayFlattening, "Must be enabled");
   check_array_allocation_length(length, max_elements(), CHECK_NULL);
   int size = flatArrayOopDesc::object_size(layout_helper(), length);
   oop array = Universe::heap()->array_allocate(this, size, length, true, CHECK_NULL);
-  return oop_cast<flatArrayOop>(array);
+  return oop_cast<objArrayOop>(array);
 }
 
 oop FlatArrayKlass::multi_allocate(int rank, jint* last_size, TRAPS) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp
index 90c4552db79..c2fa4c56f11 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ class FlatArrayKlass : public ObjArrayKlass {
   size_t oop_size(oop obj) const override;
 
   // Oop Allocation
-  flatArrayOop allocate_instance(int length, TRAPS);
+  objArrayOop allocate_instance(int length, TRAPS) override final;
 
   oop multi_allocate(int rank, jint* sizes, TRAPS) override;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.cpp
index c8a051fee8b..9c227433f06 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.cpp
@@ -237,18 +237,12 @@ ObjArrayKlass* ObjArrayKlass::allocate_klass_from_description(ArrayDescription a
 }
 
 objArrayOop ObjArrayKlass::allocate_instance(int length, ArrayProperties props, TRAPS) {
-  check_array_allocation_length(length, arrayOopDesc::max_array_length(T_OBJECT), CHECK_NULL);
   ObjArrayKlass* ak = klass_with_properties(props, CHECK_NULL);
-  switch (ak->kind()) {
-    case Klass::RefArrayKlassKind:
-      return RefArrayKlass::cast(ak)->allocate_instance(length, CHECK_NULL);
-
-    case Klass::FlatArrayKlassKind:
-      return FlatArrayKlass::cast(ak)->allocate_instance(length, CHECK_NULL);
+  return ak->allocate_instance(length, CHECK_NULL);
+}
 
-    default:
-      ShouldNotReachHere();
-  }
+objArrayOop ObjArrayKlass::allocate_instance(int length, TRAPS) {
+  ShouldNotReachHere();
 }
 
 oop ObjArrayKlass::multi_allocate(int rank, jint* sizes, TRAPS) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.hpp
index 846a05fb641..add6d86c14c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.hpp
@@ -100,6 +100,7 @@ class ObjArrayKlass : public ArrayKlass {
                                                 int n, Klass* element_klass, TRAPS);
 
   oop multi_allocate(int rank, jint* sizes, TRAPS) override;
+  virtual objArrayOop allocate_instance(int length, TRAPS);
 
   // Copying
   void copy_array(arrayOop s, int src_pos, arrayOop d, int dst_pos, int length, TRAPS) override;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.cpp
index 698670273c1..4c55f8e936b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.cpp
@@ -111,12 +111,12 @@ size_t RefArrayKlass::oop_size(oop obj) const {
   return refArrayOop(obj)->object_size();
 }
 
-refArrayOop RefArrayKlass::allocate_instance(int length, TRAPS) {
+objArrayOop RefArrayKlass::allocate_instance(int length, TRAPS) {
   check_array_allocation_length(length, arrayOopDesc::max_array_length(T_OBJECT), CHECK_NULL);
   size_t size = refArrayOopDesc::object_size(length);
   oop array = Universe::heap()->array_allocate(
       this, size, length, /* do_zero */ true, CHECK_NULL);
-  return oop_cast<refArrayOop>(array);
+  return oop_cast<objArrayOop>(array);
 }
 
 static void throw_array_null_pointer_store_exception(arrayOop src, arrayOop dst, TRAPS) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.hpp
index ebc6e858503..5bac01c0f13 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.hpp
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ class RefArrayKlass : public ObjArrayKlass {
                                                 int n, Klass* element_klass,
                                                 ArrayProperties props, TRAPS);
 
-  refArrayOop allocate_instance(int length, TRAPS);
+  objArrayOop allocate_instance(int length, TRAPS) override final;
 
   // Copying
   void copy_array(arrayOop s, int src_pos, arrayOop d, int dst_pos, int length, TRAPS) override;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/runtime.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/runtime.cpp
index 970e5e43f4d..b5905bdd99e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/runtime.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/runtime.cpp
@@ -363,8 +363,8 @@ JRT_BLOCK_ENTRY(void, OptoRuntime::new_array_C(Klass* array_type, int len, oopDe
     result = oopFactory::new_typeArray(elem_type, len, THREAD);
   } else {
     Handle holder(current, array_type->klass_holder()); // keep the array klass alive
-    ObjArrayKlass* oak = ObjArrayKlass::cast(array_type);
-    result = oopFactory::new_objArray(oak->element_klass(), len, oak->properties(), THREAD);
+    result = ObjArrayKlass::cast(array_type)->allocate_instance(len, THREAD);
+    assert(HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION || result->klass() == array_type, "array klass must be preserved");
     if (!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION && array_type->is_null_free_array_klass() && !h_init_val.is_null()) {
       // Null-free arrays need to be initialized
 #ifdef ASSERT
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestReferenceArrayClone.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestReferenceArrayClone.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..681eb5687b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestReferenceArrayClone.java
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Verify that clone preserves the layout of reference arrays.
+ * @bug 8388256
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:-UseTLAB
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::testClone
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestReferenceArrayClone {
+    static Integer[] testClone(Integer[] a) {
+        return a.clone();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Integer[] array = (Integer[])ValueClass.newReferenceArray(Integer.class, 1);
+        array[0] = 42;
+        array = testClone(array);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(array[0], 42, "unexpected element");
+        Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array), "should not be flat");
+        Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(array), "should not be null-restricted");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(array), "should be atomic");
+    }
+}

From 9be1c44b72ccbc98b82dc3c36f67fa0073e12898 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 11:33:07 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 412/707] 8388544: [lworld] Bad dominance assert in C2 when
 late-inlining through MH calls

Reviewed-by: mchevalier, qamai
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/callGenerator.cpp      |  4 +-
 .../TestLateInlineSharedInlineType.java       | 99 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 101 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLateInlineSharedInlineType.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callGenerator.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callGenerator.cpp
index 3f9d5891d68..8d9f8d8f32d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callGenerator.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callGenerator.cpp
@@ -889,8 +889,8 @@ void CallGenerator::do_late_inline_helper() {
               oop->init_req(2, buffer_oop);
               mem->init_req(2, kit.merged_memory());
 
-              // Update oop input to buffer
-              kit.gvn().hash_delete(vt);
+              // Use cloned InlineTypeNode to propagate oop from now on
+              vt = vt->clone_if_required(&kit.gvn(), kit.map());
               vt->set_oop(kit.gvn(), kit.gvn().transform(oop));
               vt->set_is_buffered(kit.gvn());
               vt = kit.gvn().transform(vt)->as_InlineType();
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLateInlineSharedInlineType.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLateInlineSharedInlineType.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c8846c913cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLateInlineSharedInlineType.java
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8388544
+ * @summary Test late inlining of a method handle that returns a shared value object.
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,${test.main.class}::test*
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
+
+public value class TestLateInlineSharedInlineType {
+    static final MethodHandle MH1;
+    static final MethodHandle MH2;
+    static volatile Object vSink;
+    static Object sink1;
+    static Object sink2;
+
+    Integer integer = 42;
+
+    public Integer getInteger() {
+        return integer;
+    }
+
+    static {
+        try {
+            MH1 = MethodHandles.lookup().findVirtual(TestLateInlineSharedInlineType.class, "getInteger", MethodType.methodType(Integer.class));
+            MH2 = MH1.asType(MethodType.methodType(Object.class, TestLateInlineSharedInlineType.class));
+        } catch (ReflectiveOperationException e) {
+            throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Below tests all trigger the same bug but with slightly different failure modes:
+    // Field 'integer' is represented by a (shared) InlineTypeNode and buffered on the
+    // first store to sink. Late MH inlining updates that node's oop input in-place to
+    // a newly created, later buffer. InlineTypeNode::Ideal() then removes the first
+    // buffer as redundant re-allocation and rewires an earlier use to the later buffer.
+
+    // We assert with "Bad immediate dominator info." when walking the dominator chain
+    // from early use towards the non-dominating later definition.
+    void test1() throws Throwable {
+        vSink = integer;
+        vSink = (Integer)MH1.invokeExact(this);
+    }
+
+    // We assert with "bad dominance" in loop verification because the definition of the
+    // second buffer does not dominate its use at the first vSink store.
+    void test2() throws Throwable {
+        vSink = integer;
+        vSink = MH2.invokeExact(this);
+    }
+
+    // The invalid dependency remains hidden in a Phi and escapes normal PhaseCFG::verify().
+    // The early sink1 store therefore reads the late buffer's register before it is
+    // defined, leading to an "object not in heap" assert in the GC.
+    void test3() throws Throwable {
+        sink1 = integer;
+        sink2 = MH2.invokeExact(this);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; i++) {
+            TestLateInlineSharedInlineType test = new TestLateInlineSharedInlineType();
+            test.test1();
+            test.test2();
+            test.test3();
+        }
+    }
+}

From bc6a625f07c537e3ea384bebfc56370299edb6be Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 11:34:05 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 413/707] 8389089: [lworld] C1 should not initialize value
 class when accessing flat field or array

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, qamai
---
 src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_GraphBuilder.cpp      |  22 ++--
 src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp      |  56 +++++++++-
 .../TestUninitializedFlatAccess.java          | 104 ++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 167 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUninitializedFlatAccess.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_GraphBuilder.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_GraphBuilder.cpp
index 3f6993e81f1..ce5e9a2c10f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_GraphBuilder.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_GraphBuilder.cpp
@@ -1110,16 +1110,20 @@ void GraphBuilder::load_indexed(BasicType type) {
       set_pending_load_indexed(dli);
       return; // Nothing else to do for now
     } else {
-      NewInstance* buffer = new NewInstance(elem_klass, state_before, false, true);
-      buffer->set_null_free(true);
-      _memory->new_instance(buffer);
-      result = append_split(buffer);
       load_indexed = new LoadIndexed(array, index, length, type, state_before);
-      load_indexed->set_buffer(buffer);
-      // The LoadIndexed node will initialize this instance by copying from
-      // the flat field.  Ensure these stores are visible before any
-      // subsequent store that publishes this reference.
-      need_membar = true;
+      // Deoptimize on non-null because buffering requires the value class to be initialized
+      bool assert_null = !array_klass->is_elem_null_free() && !elem_klass->is_initialized();
+      if (!assert_null) {
+        NewInstance* buffer = new NewInstance(elem_klass, state_before, false, true);
+        buffer->set_null_free(true);
+        _memory->new_instance(buffer);
+        result = append_split(buffer);
+        load_indexed->set_buffer(buffer);
+        // The LoadIndexed node will initialize this instance by copying from
+        // the flat field. Ensure these stores are visible before any
+        // subsequent store that publishes this reference.
+        need_membar = true;
+      }
     }
   } else {
     load_indexed = new LoadIndexed(array, index, length, type, state_before);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp
index 29e8f32d39b..52bb4e224b4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp
@@ -2167,21 +2167,41 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_LoadField(LoadField* x) {
     ciInlineKlass* vk = field->type()->as_inline_klass();
 #ifdef ASSERT
     assert(field->is_atomic(), "No atomic access required");
+    assert(!is_volatile, "Flat fields cannot be volatile");
     assert(x->state_before() != nullptr, "Needs state before");
 #endif
 
-    // Allocate buffer (we can't easily do this conditionally on the null check below
-    // because branches added in the LIR are opaque to the register allocator).
-    NewInstance* buffer = new NewInstance(vk, x->state_before(), false, true);
-    do_NewInstance(buffer);
-    LIRItem dest(buffer, this);
+    NewInstance* buffer = nullptr;
+    bool assert_null = !field->is_null_free() && !vk->is_initialized();
+    if (!assert_null) {
+      // Allocate the buffer before loading the payload because allocation may safepoint
+      // and a payload may contain oops represented as raw bits and thus invisible to the GC.
+      // We can't easily allocate conditionally on the null check below because branches
+      // added in the LIR are opaque to the register allocator.
+      buffer = new NewInstance(vk, x->state_before(), false, true);
+      do_NewInstance(buffer);
+    }
 
-    // Copy the payload to the buffer
     BasicType bt = vk->atomic_size_to_basic_type(field->is_null_free());
     LIR_Opr payload = new_register((bt == T_LONG) ? bt : T_INT);
     access_load_at(decorators, bt, object, LIR_OprFact::intConst(field->offset_in_bytes()), payload,
                    // Make sure to emit an implicit null check
                    info ? new CodeEmitInfo(info) : nullptr, info);
+
+    if (assert_null) {
+      // Deoptimize on non-null because buffering requires the value class to be initialized
+      CodeEmitInfo* null_assert_info = state_for(x, x->state_before());
+      __ logical_and(payload, null_marker_mask(bt, field), payload);
+      __ cmp(lir_cond_notEqual, payload, (bt == T_LONG) ? LIR_OprFact::longConst(0) : LIR_OprFact::intConst(0));
+      __ branch(lir_cond_notEqual, new DeoptimizeStub(null_assert_info, Deoptimization::Reason_null_assert,
+                                                      Deoptimization::Action_make_not_entrant));
+      __ move(LIR_OprFact::oopConst(nullptr), rlock_result(x));
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Copy the payload to the buffer
+    assert(buffer != nullptr, "buffer required");
+    LIRItem dest(buffer, this);
     access_store_at(decorators, bt, dest, LIR_OprFact::intConst(vk->payload_offset()), payload);
 
     if (field->is_null_free()) {
@@ -2364,6 +2384,30 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_LoadIndexed(LoadIndexed* x) {
     }
   }
 
+  ciFlatArrayKlass* flat_array_klass = x->array()->is_loaded_flat_array() ?
+                                       x->array()->declared_type()->as_flat_array_klass() : nullptr;
+  bool assert_null = flat_array_klass != nullptr && !flat_array_klass->is_elem_null_free() &&
+                     !flat_array_klass->element_klass()->as_inline_klass()->is_initialized();
+  if (assert_null) {
+    // Deoptimize on non-null because buffering requires the value class to be initialized
+    assert(x->buffer() == nullptr && x->delayed() == nullptr, "null assertion should not buffer");
+    assert(flat_array_klass->is_elem_atomic(), "nullable flat arrays must use an atomic layout");
+    ciInlineKlass* elem_klass = flat_array_klass->element_klass()->as_inline_klass();
+    CodeEmitInfo* null_assert_info = state_for(x, x->state_before());
+    BasicType bt = elem_klass->atomic_size_to_basic_type(false);
+    LIR_Opr elm_op = get_and_load_element_address(array, index);
+    ComputedAddressValue* elm_resolved_addr = new ComputedAddressValue(as_ValueType(bt), elm_op);
+    LIRItem elm_item(elm_resolved_addr, this);
+    LIR_Opr payload = new_register((bt == T_LONG) ? bt : T_INT);
+    access_load_at(IN_HEAP, bt, elm_item, LIR_OprFact::intConst(0), payload, nullptr, nullptr);
+    __ logical_and(payload, null_marker_mask(bt, elem_klass->null_marker_offset_in_payload()), payload);
+    __ cmp(lir_cond_notEqual, payload, (bt == T_LONG) ? LIR_OprFact::longConst(0) : LIR_OprFact::intConst(0));
+    __ branch(lir_cond_notEqual, new DeoptimizeStub(null_assert_info, Deoptimization::Reason_null_assert,
+                                                    Deoptimization::Action_make_not_entrant));
+    __ move(LIR_OprFact::oopConst(nullptr), rlock_result(x));
+    return;
+  }
+
   Value element = nullptr;
   if (x->buffer() != nullptr) {
     assert(x->array()->is_loaded_flat_array(), "must be");
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUninitializedFlatAccess.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUninitializedFlatAccess.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..04aa43ed21f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestUninitializedFlatAccess.java
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8389089
+ * @summary Accessing an uninitialized flat field or array should not initialize its value class.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test*
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+public class TestUninitializedFlatAccess {
+    static int fieldClassInitCount;
+    static int arrayClassInitCount;
+
+    static value class FieldValue {
+        final int value = 0;
+
+        static {
+            fieldClassInitCount++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class ArrayValue {
+        final int value = 0;
+
+        static {
+            arrayClassInitCount++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    FieldValue value;
+
+    Object testFieldLoad() {
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    void testFieldStore(FieldValue value) {
+        this.value = value;
+    }
+
+    static Object testArrayLoad() {
+        ArrayValue[] array = new ArrayValue[1];
+        return array[0];
+    }
+
+    static ArrayValue[] testArrayStore(ArrayValue value) {
+        ArrayValue[] array = new ArrayValue[1];
+        array[0] = value;
+        return array;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestUninitializedFlatAccess t = new TestUninitializedFlatAccess();
+        ArrayValue[] tmp = new ArrayValue[0];
+        Asserts.assertEQ(fieldClassInitCount, 0, "FieldValue should not be initialized");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(arrayClassInitCount, 0, "ArrayValue should not be initialized");
+
+        Object fieldValue = t.testFieldLoad();
+        Asserts.assertNull(fieldValue, "Unexpected field value");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(fieldClassInitCount, 0, "FieldValue should not be initialized");
+
+        t.testFieldStore(null);
+        Asserts.assertNull(fieldValue, "Unexpected field value");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(fieldClassInitCount, 0, "FieldValue should not be initialized");
+
+        Object arrayValue = testArrayLoad();
+        Asserts.assertNull(arrayValue, "Unexpected array value");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(arrayClassInitCount, 0, "ArrayValue should not be initialized");
+
+        ArrayValue[] array = testArrayStore(null);
+        Asserts.assertNull(array[0], "Unexpected array value");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(arrayClassInitCount, 0, "ArrayValue should not be initialized");
+    }
+}
+

From cc72529fe9af7042adde4176a9ff00f81c168f38 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Guanqiang Han <ghan@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 13:07:48 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 414/707] 8388442: C2: LoadNKlassNode::Identity() may return a
 new node

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, vlivanov, mchevalier
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp | 106 ++++++++++++++++++-----------
 src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp |   3 +
 2 files changed, 70 insertions(+), 39 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
index 9bcbf2717a8..94dd9306771 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
@@ -2149,20 +2149,27 @@ AllocateNode* LoadNode::is_new_object_mark_load() const {
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-
-//------------------------------Ideal------------------------------------------
 // If the load is from Field memory and the pointer is non-null, it might be possible to
 // zero out the control input.
 // If the offset is constant and the base is an object allocation,
 // try to hook me up to the exact initializing store.
-Node *LoadNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
-  if (has_pinned_control_dependency()) {
-    return nullptr;
+Node* LoadNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
+  if (has_pinned_control_dependency()) { return nullptr; }
+  Node* p = Ideal_load_common(phase, can_reshape);
+  if (p == NodeSentinel) { return nullptr; }
+
+  if (p == nullptr && !can_reshape) {
+    phase->record_for_igvn(this);
   }
+
+  return p;
+}
+
+Node* LoadNode::Ideal_load_common(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
   Node* p = MemNode::Ideal_common(phase, can_reshape);
-  if (p)  return (p == NodeSentinel) ? nullptr : p;
+  if (p != nullptr) { return p; }
 
-  Node* ctrl    = in(MemNode::Control);
+  Node* ctrl = in(MemNode::Control);
   Node* address = in(MemNode::Address);
 
   bool addr_mark = ((phase->type(address)->isa_oopptr() || phase->type(address)->isa_narrowoop()) &&
@@ -2180,9 +2187,9 @@ Node *LoadNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
   }
 
   intptr_t ignore = 0;
-  Node*    base   = AddPNode::Ideal_base_and_offset(address, phase, ignore);
-  if (base != nullptr
-      && phase->C->get_alias_index(phase->type(address)->is_ptr()) != Compile::AliasIdxRaw) {
+  Node* base = AddPNode::Ideal_base_and_offset(address, phase, ignore);
+  if (base != nullptr &&
+      phase->C->get_alias_index(phase->type(address)->is_ptr()) != Compile::AliasIdxRaw) {
     // Check for useless control edge in some common special cases
     if (in(MemNode::Control) != nullptr
         // TODO 8350865 Can we re-enable this?
@@ -2197,26 +2204,26 @@ Node *LoadNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
   }
 
   Node* mem = in(MemNode::Memory);
-  const TypePtr *addr_t = phase->type(address)->isa_ptr();
+  const TypePtr* addr_t = phase->type(address)->isa_ptr();
 
   if (can_reshape && (addr_t != nullptr)) {
     // try to optimize our memory input
     Node* opt_mem = MemNode::optimize_memory_chain(mem, addr_t, this, phase);
     if (opt_mem != mem) {
       set_req_X(MemNode::Memory, opt_mem, phase);
-      if (phase->type( opt_mem ) == Type::TOP) return nullptr;
+      if (phase->type(opt_mem) == Type::TOP) { return NodeSentinel; }
       return this;
     }
-    const TypeOopPtr *t_oop = addr_t->isa_oopptr();
+    const TypeOopPtr* t_oop = addr_t->isa_oopptr();
     if ((t_oop != nullptr) &&
         (t_oop->is_known_instance_field() ||
          t_oop->is_ptr_to_boxed_value())) {
-      PhaseIterGVN *igvn = phase->is_IterGVN();
+      PhaseIterGVN* igvn = phase->is_IterGVN();
       assert(igvn != nullptr, "must be PhaseIterGVN when can_reshape is true");
       if (igvn->_worklist.member(opt_mem)) {
         // Delay this transformation until memory Phi is processed.
         igvn->_worklist.push(this);
-        return nullptr;
+        return NodeSentinel;
       }
       // Split instance field load through Phi.
       Node* result = split_through_phi(phase);
@@ -2234,7 +2241,7 @@ Node *LoadNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
   // barriers etc.) alone
   if (in(0) != nullptr && !adr_type()->isa_rawptr() && can_reshape) {
     for (DUIterator_Fast imax, i = mem->fast_outs(imax); i < imax; i++) {
-      Node *use = mem->fast_out(i);
+      Node* use = mem->fast_out(i);
       if (use != this &&
           use->Opcode() == Opcode() &&
           use->in(0) != nullptr &&
@@ -2287,10 +2294,6 @@ Node *LoadNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
     }
   }
 
-  if (!can_reshape) {
-    phase->record_for_igvn(this);
-  }
-
   return nullptr;
 }
 
@@ -2909,16 +2912,23 @@ Node* LoadKlassNode::Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) {
 
 Node* LoadNode::klass_identity_common(PhaseGVN* phase) {
   Node* x = LoadNode::Identity(phase);
-  if (x != this)  return x;
+  if (x != this) { return x; }
 
+  Node* k = find_known_klass(phase);
+  return k == nullptr ? this : k;
+}
+
+// Find an existing Klass node from a recognized allocation or
+// class-mirror pattern.
+Node* LoadNode::find_known_klass(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
   // Take apart the address into an oop and offset.
-  // Return 'this' if we cannot.
-  Node*    adr    = in(MemNode::Address);
+  // Return 'nullptr' if we cannot.
+  Node* adr = in(MemNode::Address);
   intptr_t offset = 0;
-  Node*    base   = AddPNode::Ideal_base_and_offset(adr, phase, offset);
-  if (base == nullptr)     return this;
+  Node* base = AddPNode::Ideal_base_and_offset(adr, phase, offset);
+  if (base == nullptr) { return nullptr; }
   const TypeOopPtr* toop = phase->type(adr)->isa_oopptr();
-  if (toop == nullptr)     return this;
+  if (toop == nullptr) { return nullptr; }
 
   // Step over potential GC barrier for OopHandle resolve
   BarrierSetC2* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2();
@@ -2973,7 +2983,7 @@ Node* LoadNode::klass_identity_common(PhaseGVN* phase) {
     }
   }
 
-  return this;
+  return nullptr;
 }
 
 LoadNode* LoadNode::clone_pinned() const {
@@ -2998,7 +3008,32 @@ LoadNode* LoadNode::pin_node_under_control_impl() const {
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-//------------------------------Value------------------------------------------
+Node* LoadNKlassNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
+  bool pinned = has_pinned_control_dependency();
+  if (!pinned) {
+    Node* p = Ideal_load_common(phase, can_reshape);
+    if (p == NodeSentinel) { return nullptr; }
+    if (p != nullptr) { return p; }
+  }
+
+  // To clean up reflective code, simplify k.java_mirror.as_klass to narrow k.
+  // Also feed through the klass in Allocate(...klass...)._klass.
+  Node* k = find_known_klass(phase);
+  if (k != nullptr) {
+    const Type* t = phase->type(k);
+    if (t != Type::TOP) {
+      assert(t->isa_klassptr(), "must be a klass pointer");
+      return new EncodePKlassNode(k, t->make_narrowklass());
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!pinned && !can_reshape) {
+    phase->record_for_igvn(this);
+  }
+
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
 const Type* LoadNKlassNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
   const Type *t = klass_value_common(phase);
   if (t == Type::TOP)
@@ -3007,18 +3042,11 @@ const Type* LoadNKlassNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
   return t->make_narrowklass();
 }
 
-//------------------------------Identity---------------------------------------
-// To clean up reflective code, simplify k.java_mirror.as_klass to narrow k.
-// Also feed through the klass in Allocate(...klass...)._klass.
 Node* LoadNKlassNode::Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) {
-  Node *x = klass_identity_common(phase);
-
-  const Type *t = phase->type( x );
-  if( t == Type::TOP ) return x;
-  if( t->isa_narrowklass()) return x;
-  assert (!t->isa_narrowoop(), "no narrow oop here");
-
-  return phase->transform(new EncodePKlassNode(x, t->make_narrowklass()));
+  Node* x = klass_identity_common(phase);
+  const Type* t = phase->type(x);
+  if (t == Type::TOP || t->isa_narrowklass()) { return x; }
+  return this;
 }
 
 //------------------------------Value-----------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp
index eba56f931e2..126acf4d002 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.hpp
@@ -271,6 +271,7 @@ class LoadNode : public MemNode {
 
   virtual Node* find_previous_arraycopy(PhaseValues* phase, Node* ld_alloc, Node*& mem, bool can_see_stored_value) const;
   Node* can_see_stored_value_through_membars(Node* st, PhaseValues* phase) const;
+  Node* Ideal_load_common(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape);
 public:
 
   LoadNode(Node *c, Node *mem, Node *adr, const TypePtr* at, const Type *rt, MemOrd mo, ControlDependency control_dependency)
@@ -322,6 +323,7 @@ class LoadNode : public MemNode {
   // Common methods for LoadKlass and LoadNKlass nodes.
   const Type* klass_value_common(PhaseGVN* phase) const;
   Node* klass_identity_common(PhaseGVN* phase);
+  Node* find_known_klass(PhaseGVN* phase) const;
 
   virtual uint ideal_reg() const;
   virtual const Type *bottom_type() const;
@@ -618,6 +620,7 @@ class LoadNKlassNode : public LoadNNode {
 
   virtual const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const;
   virtual Node* Identity(PhaseGVN* phase);
+  virtual Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape);
 };
 
 //------------------------------StoreNode--------------------------------------

From 83fa5528066f8f996c35b4c1e15f300bfc822db4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 13:12:17 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 415/707] 8389354: [lworld]
 PhaseIdealLoop::move_flat_array_check_out_of_loop creates anti-dependence
 cycle

Reviewed-by: qamai, chagedorn
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp           |  2 +-
 .../TestFlatArrayCheckHoisting.java           | 88 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java      |  4 +-
 3 files changed, 92 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayCheckHoisting.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp
index 2077b232cef..e26fa68a870 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp
@@ -1133,7 +1133,7 @@ void PhaseIdealLoop::move_flat_array_check_out_of_loop(Node* n) {
     return;
   }
   Node* mem = n->in(FlatArrayCheckNode::Memory);
-  Node* array = n->in(FlatArrayCheckNode::ArrayOrKlass)->uncast();
+  Node* array = n->in(FlatArrayCheckNode::ArrayOrKlass);
   IdealLoopTree* check_loop = get_loop(get_ctrl(n));
   IdealLoopTree* ary_loop = get_loop(get_ctrl(array));
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayCheckHoisting.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayCheckHoisting.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6c2c7de0041
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayCheckHoisting.java
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8389354
+ * @summary Test that moving a flat array check does not create an anti-dependence cycle
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-UseArrayLoadStoreProfile
+ *                   -XX:+StressGCM -XX:StressSeed=0
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+public class TestFlatArrayCheckHoisting {
+    // A and C arrays are flat, B is too large to flatten and I has identity
+    static value class A { final int x; A(int x) { this.x = x; } }
+    static value class B { final long x, y; B(long x, long y) { this.x = x; this.y = y; } }
+    static value class C { final int x; C(int x) { this.x = x; } }
+    static final class I { final int x; I(int x) { this.x = x; } }
+
+    static long helper(Object v) {
+        if (v instanceof A x) return x.x;
+        if (v instanceof B x) return x.x * 3 + x.y;
+        if (v instanceof C x) return x.x * 3;
+        return ((I)v).x * 3;
+    }
+
+    static long test(Object[] a, int kind) {
+        long sum = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 150_000; i++) {
+            Object v = switch (kind) {
+                case 0 -> new A(i);
+                case 1 -> new B(i, i ^ 1);
+                case 2 -> new I(i);
+                default -> new C(i);
+            };
+            int index = i & 1;
+            // The FlatArrayCheck for below access is incorrectly moved out of the loop
+            a[index] = v;
+            Object loaded = a[index];
+            if (helper(loaded) != helper(v)) {
+                throw new AssertionError();
+            }
+            if (kind == 3) {
+                C copy = new C(((C)v).x);
+                if (v != copy) {
+                    throw new AssertionError();
+                }
+            }
+            sum += helper(a[index]);
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // Alternate non-flat and flat layouts until C2 uses a generic flat-array check
+        test(new I[2], 2);
+        test(new A[2], 0);
+        test(new B[2], 1);
+        test(new C[2], 3);
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java
index 18490e9f885..3e332b5fec3 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java
@@ -3087,9 +3087,11 @@ public void test106_verifier() {
     @IR(applyIf = {"UseArrayFlattening", "true"},
         failOn = {STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD},
         counts = {COUNTED_LOOP, "= 2", LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "= 2"},
-         // Match on CCP since we are removing one of the unswitched loop versions later due to being empty
+        // Match on CCP since we are removing one of the unswitched loop versions later due to being empty
         phase = {CompilePhase.CCP1})
     public void test107(Object[] src1, Object[] src2) {
+        // Null check both arrays before the loop to allow both flat array checks to be hoisted.
+        src2 = Objects.requireNonNull(src2);
         for (int i = 0; i < src1.length; i++) {
             oFld1 = src1[i];
             oFld2 = src2[i];

From 3385e5163aa78e086c1790d05d708bb1afd93eb7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Guanqiang Han <ghan@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 15:19:01 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 416/707] 8382605: C2: second call of inline_incrementally
 doesn't happen with delayinline

Reviewed-by: vlivanov, chagedorn
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp            |  6 +-
 ...ondIncrementalInliningWithDelayInline.java | 59 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 62 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/inlining/TestSecondIncrementalInliningWithDelayInline.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
index 8c0d67f312c..72049ad027c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
@@ -3065,9 +3065,9 @@ void Compile::Optimize() {
 
     if (failing())  return;
 
-    if (AlwaysIncrementalInline || StressIncrementalInlining) {
-      inline_incrementally(igvn);
-    }
+    // inline_boxing_calls() may introduce new late inline candidates
+    // in stress modes or w/ some compile directives.
+    inline_incrementally(igvn);
 
     print_method(PHASE_INCREMENTAL_BOXING_INLINE, 2);
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/inlining/TestSecondIncrementalInliningWithDelayInline.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/inlining/TestSecondIncrementalInliningWithDelayInline.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0defda60a54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/inlining/TestSecondIncrementalInliningWithDelayInline.java
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8382605
+ * @summary Verify that the second incremental inlining pass is performed
+ *          when a call discovered during boxing late inlining is delayed
+ *          by a delayinline directive.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.inlining;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestSecondIncrementalInliningWithDelayInline {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestFramework.runWithFlags("-XX:CompileCommand=delayinline,java.lang.Integer::<init>");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {
+            IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD,
+            "java.lang.Integer::<init>"
+        },
+        phase = CompilePhase.BEFORE_MATCHING)
+    public static Integer test(int value) {
+        return Integer.valueOf(value);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "test")
+    public static void run() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test(Integer.MIN_VALUE), Integer.MIN_VALUE);
+    }
+}

From 218fb7f494e7197bb32d54473a885e8b29b35afb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Coleen Phillimore <coleenp@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 15:59:50 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 417/707] 8389259: Class::desiredAssertionStatus asserts with
 primitive or array class receiver

Reviewed-by: liach, dholmes, alanb
---
 .../share/classes/java/lang/Class.java        |  2 +
 .../Class/desiredAssertionStatus/Sanity.java  | 50 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 52 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/java/lang/Class/desiredAssertionStatus/Sanity.java

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Class.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Class.java
index 87f783e627b..0a99133712e 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Class.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Class.java
@@ -3427,6 +3427,8 @@ private String methodToString(String name, Class<?>[] argTypes) {
      * @since  1.4
      */
     public boolean desiredAssertionStatus() {
+        if (isPrimitive() || isArray()) return false;
+
         ClassLoader loader = classLoader;
         // If the loader is null this is a system class, so ask the VM
         if (loader == null)
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/Class/desiredAssertionStatus/Sanity.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/Class/desiredAssertionStatus/Sanity.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0eaa6c464fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/Class/desiredAssertionStatus/Sanity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/* @test
+ * @bug 8389259
+ * @summary Sanity check that Class.desiredAssertionStatus() works.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run testng/othervm -esa -ea -Dsys.option=on  -Duser.option=on Sanity
+ * @run testng/othervm -dsa -ea -Dsys.option=off -Duser.option=on Sanity
+ * @run testng/othervm -esa -da -Dsys.option=on  -Duser.option=off Sanity
+ * @run testng/othervm -dsa -da -Dsys.option=off -Duser.option=off Sanity
+ */
+
+import org.testng.annotations.Test;
+import org.testng.Assert;
+
+public class Sanity {
+
+    @Test
+    public void test() throws Exception {
+        boolean systemDefaultOn = System.getProperty("sys.option").equals("on");
+        boolean userDefaultOn = System.getProperty("user.option").equals("on");
+
+        Assert.assertTrue(int.class.desiredAssertionStatus() == false);
+        Assert.assertTrue(Object.class.desiredAssertionStatus() == systemDefaultOn);
+        Assert.assertTrue(Object[].class.desiredAssertionStatus() == false);
+        Assert.assertTrue(Sanity.class.desiredAssertionStatus() == userDefaultOn);
+        Assert.assertTrue(Sanity[].class.desiredAssertionStatus() == false);
+    }
+}

From 1b79e91f2cd4a743170e5f2ba4503d020147b0ef Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Brent Christian <bchristi@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 23:06:19 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 418/707] 8380391: Update java.smartcardio finalizer to use
 Cleaner

Reviewed-by: vklang, valeriep, myankelevich
---
 src/java.base/share/classes/module-info.java  |   1 +
 .../javax/smartcardio/package-info.java       |  17 +-
 .../sun/security/smartcardio/CardImpl.java    | 259 +++++++++++-------
 .../sun/security/smartcardio/ChannelImpl.java |   6 +-
 test/jdk/TEST.groups                          |   1 +
 .../jdk/sun/security/smartcardio/TestAll.java |   3 +-
 .../sun/security/smartcardio/TestCleaner.java | 107 ++++++++
 7 files changed, 288 insertions(+), 106 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/sun/security/smartcardio/TestCleaner.java

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/module-info.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/module-info.java
index fc438320078..f84f27cb4a9 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/module-info.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/module-info.java
@@ -232,6 +232,7 @@
     exports jdk.internal.ref to
         java.desktop,
         java.net.http,
+        java.smartcardio,
         jdk.naming.dns;
     exports jdk.internal.reflect to
         java.logging,
diff --git a/src/java.smartcardio/share/classes/javax/smartcardio/package-info.java b/src/java.smartcardio/share/classes/javax/smartcardio/package-info.java
index ef6489509df..9fa4bb18b66 100644
--- a/src/java.smartcardio/share/classes/javax/smartcardio/package-info.java
+++ b/src/java.smartcardio/share/classes/javax/smartcardio/package-info.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- *  Copyright (c) 2005, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ *  Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  *  DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  *  This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -81,12 +81,15 @@
  *      CardTerminal terminal = terminals.get(0);
  *      // establish a connection with the card
  *      Card card = terminal.connect("T=0");
- *      System.out.println("card: " + card);
- *      CardChannel channel = card.getBasicChannel();
- *      ResponseAPDU r = channel.transmit(new CommandAPDU(c1));
- *      System.out.println("response: " + toString(r.getBytes()));
- *      // disconnect
- *      card.disconnect(false);
+ *      try {
+ *          System.out.println("card: " + card);
+ *          CardChannel channel = card.getBasicChannel();
+ *          ResponseAPDU r = channel.transmit(new CommandAPDU(c1));
+ *          System.out.println("response: " + toString(r.getBytes()));
+ *      } finally {
+ *          // disconnect
+ *          card.disconnect(false);
+ *      }
  * </pre>
  *
  * @since   1.6
diff --git a/src/java.smartcardio/share/classes/sun/security/smartcardio/CardImpl.java b/src/java.smartcardio/share/classes/sun/security/smartcardio/CardImpl.java
index f268f50d0ad..100ba76f7dd 100644
--- a/src/java.smartcardio/share/classes/sun/security/smartcardio/CardImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.smartcardio/share/classes/sun/security/smartcardio/CardImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@
 package sun.security.smartcardio;
 
 import jdk.internal.util.OperatingSystem;
+import jdk.internal.ref.CleanerFactory;
+import java.lang.ref.Cleaner;
+import java.lang.ref.Reference;
 
 import javax.smartcardio.*;
 import static sun.security.smartcardio.PCSC.*;
@@ -43,9 +46,6 @@ private static enum State { OK, REMOVED, DISCONNECTED };
     // the terminal that created this card
     private final TerminalImpl terminal;
 
-    // the native SCARDHANDLE
-    final long cardId;
-
     // atr of this card
     private final ATR atr;
 
@@ -55,12 +55,45 @@ private static enum State { OK, REMOVED, DISCONNECTED };
     // the basic logical channel (channel 0)
     private final ChannelImpl basicChannel;
 
-    // state of this card connection
-    private volatile State state;
-
     // thread holding exclusive access to the card, or null
     private volatile Thread exclusiveThread;
 
+    /* State and code for cleanup */
+    static final class Context implements Runnable {
+        // the native SCARDHANDLE
+        final long cardId;
+
+        // state of this card connection
+        private volatile State state;
+
+        private Context(long cardId, State state) {
+            this.cardId = cardId;
+            this.state = state;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * The cleaning action calls SCardDisconnect if the card state is OK,
+         * otherwise it does nothing.
+         */
+        public void run() {
+            if (state == State.OK) {
+                state = State.DISCONNECTED;
+                try {
+                    SCardDisconnect(cardId, SCARD_LEAVE_CARD);
+                } catch (PCSCException e) {
+                    // This will be swallowed if thrown when run by the Cleaner
+                    // thread, and never thrown if called via Cleanable.clean()
+                    // (only called if state != OK.)
+                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    final Context context;
+    private final Cleaner.Cleanable cleanable;
+
+
     CardImpl(TerminalImpl terminal, String protocol) throws PCSCException {
         this.terminal = terminal;
         int sharingMode = SCARD_SHARE_SHARED;
@@ -83,36 +116,50 @@ private static enum State { OK, REMOVED, DISCONNECTED };
         } else {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported protocol " + protocol);
         }
-        cardId = SCardConnect(terminal.contextId, terminal.name,
+        long localCardId = SCardConnect(terminal.contextId, terminal.name,
                     sharingMode, connectProtocol);
+
+        this.context = new Context(localCardId, State.OK);
+        this.cleanable = CleanerFactory.cleaner().register(this, this.context);
+
         byte[] status = new byte[2];
-        byte[] atrBytes = SCardStatus(cardId, status);
+        byte[] atrBytes = SCardStatus(localCardId, status);
         atr = new ATR(atrBytes);
         this.protocol = status[1] & 0xff;
         basicChannel = new ChannelImpl(this, 0);
-        state = State.OK;
     }
 
     void checkState()  {
-        State s = state;
-        if (s == State.DISCONNECTED) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException("Card has been disconnected");
-        } else if (s == State.REMOVED) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException("Card has been removed");
+        try {
+            State s = context.state;
+            if (s == State.DISCONNECTED) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Card has been disconnected");
+            } else if (s == State.REMOVED) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Card has been removed");
+            }
+        } finally {
+            Reference.reachabilityFence(this);
         }
     }
 
     boolean isValid() {
-        if (state != State.OK) {
-            return false;
-        }
-        // ping card via SCardStatus
         try {
-            SCardStatus(cardId, new byte[2]);
-            return true;
-        } catch (PCSCException e) {
-            state = State.REMOVED;
-            return false;
+            if (context.state != State.OK) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            // ping card via SCardStatus
+            try {
+                SCardStatus(context.cardId, new byte[2]);
+                return true;
+            } catch (PCSCException e) {
+                context.state = State.REMOVED;
+                // state has been set != OK. The cleaning action is now a noop.
+                // Deregister from Cleaner to reduce reference tracking.
+                cleanable.clean();
+                return false;
+            }
+        } finally {
+            Reference.reachabilityFence(this);
         }
     }
 
@@ -125,8 +172,15 @@ private void checkSecurity(String action) {
     }
 
     void handleError(PCSCException e) {
-        if (e.code == SCARD_W_REMOVED_CARD) {
-            state = State.REMOVED;
+        try {
+            if (e.code == SCARD_W_REMOVED_CARD) {
+                context.state = State.REMOVED;
+                // state has been set != OK. The cleaning action is now a noop.
+                // Deregister from Cleaner to reduce reference tracking.
+                cleanable.clean();
+            }
+        } finally {
+            Reference.reachabilityFence(this);
         }
     }
 
@@ -164,21 +218,25 @@ private static int getSW(byte[] b) {
     private static byte[] commandOpenChannel = new byte[] {0, 0x70, 0, 0, 1};
 
     public CardChannel openLogicalChannel() throws CardException {
-        checkSecurity("openLogicalChannel");
-        checkState();
-        checkExclusive();
         try {
-            byte[] response = SCardTransmit
-                (cardId, protocol, commandOpenChannel, 0, commandOpenChannel.length);
-            if ((response.length != 3) || (getSW(response) != 0x9000)) {
-                throw new CardException
-                        ("openLogicalChannel() failed, card response: "
-                        + PCSC.toString(response));
+            checkSecurity("openLogicalChannel");
+            checkState();
+            checkExclusive();
+            try {
+                byte[] response = SCardTransmit
+                    (context.cardId, protocol, commandOpenChannel, 0, commandOpenChannel.length);
+                if ((response.length != 3) || (getSW(response) != 0x9000)) {
+                    throw new CardException
+                            ("openLogicalChannel() failed, card response: "
+                            + PCSC.toString(response));
+                }
+                return new ChannelImpl(this, response[0]);
+            } catch (PCSCException e) {
+                handleError(e);
+                throw new CardException("openLogicalChannel() failed", e);
             }
-            return new ChannelImpl(this, response[0]);
-        } catch (PCSCException e) {
-            handleError(e);
-            throw new CardException("openLogicalChannel() failed", e);
+        } finally {
+            Reference.reachabilityFence(this);
         }
     }
 
@@ -193,87 +251,98 @@ void checkExclusive() throws CardException {
     }
 
     public synchronized void beginExclusive() throws CardException {
-        checkSecurity("exclusive");
-        checkState();
-        if (exclusiveThread != null) {
-            throw new CardException
-                    ("Exclusive access has already been assigned to Thread "
-                    + exclusiveThread.getName());
-        }
         try {
-            SCardBeginTransaction(cardId);
-        } catch (PCSCException e) {
-            handleError(e);
-            throw new CardException("beginExclusive() failed", e);
+            checkSecurity("exclusive");
+            checkState();
+            if (exclusiveThread != null) {
+                throw new CardException
+                        ("Exclusive access has already been assigned to Thread "
+                        + exclusiveThread.getName());
+            }
+            try {
+                SCardBeginTransaction(context.cardId);
+            } catch (PCSCException e) {
+                handleError(e);
+                throw new CardException("beginExclusive() failed", e);
+            }
+            exclusiveThread = Thread.currentThread();
+        } finally {
+            Reference.reachabilityFence(this);
         }
-        exclusiveThread = Thread.currentThread();
     }
 
     public synchronized void endExclusive() throws CardException {
-        checkState();
-        if (exclusiveThread != Thread.currentThread()) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException
-                    ("Exclusive access not assigned to current Thread");
-        }
         try {
-            SCardEndTransaction(cardId, SCARD_LEAVE_CARD);
-        } catch (PCSCException e) {
-            handleError(e);
-            throw new CardException("endExclusive() failed", e);
+            checkState();
+            if (exclusiveThread != Thread.currentThread()) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException
+                        ("Exclusive access not assigned to current Thread");
+            }
+            try {
+                SCardEndTransaction(context.cardId, SCARD_LEAVE_CARD);
+            } catch (PCSCException e) {
+                handleError(e);
+                throw new CardException("endExclusive() failed", e);
+            } finally {
+                exclusiveThread = null;
+            }
         } finally {
-            exclusiveThread = null;
+            Reference.reachabilityFence(this);
         }
     }
 
     public byte[] transmitControlCommand(int controlCode, byte[] command)
             throws CardException {
-        checkSecurity("transmitControl");
-        checkState();
-        checkExclusive();
-        if (command == null) {
-            throw new NullPointerException();
-        }
         try {
-            byte[] r = SCardControl(cardId, controlCode, command);
-            return r;
-        } catch (PCSCException e) {
-            handleError(e);
-            throw new CardException("transmitControlCommand() failed", e);
+            checkSecurity("transmitControl");
+            checkState();
+            checkExclusive();
+            if (command == null) {
+                throw new NullPointerException();
+            }
+            try {
+                byte[] r = SCardControl(context.cardId, controlCode, command);
+                return r;
+            } catch (PCSCException e) {
+                handleError(e);
+                throw new CardException("transmitControlCommand() failed", e);
+            }
+        } finally {
+            Reference.reachabilityFence(this);
         }
     }
 
     public void disconnect(boolean reset) throws CardException {
-        if (reset) {
-            checkSecurity("reset");
-        }
-        if (state != State.OK) {
-            return;
-        }
-        checkExclusive();
         try {
-            SCardDisconnect(cardId, (reset ? SCARD_RESET_CARD : SCARD_LEAVE_CARD));
-        } catch (PCSCException e) {
-            throw new CardException("disconnect() failed", e);
+            if (reset) {
+                checkSecurity("reset");
+            }
+            if (context.state != State.OK) {
+                return;
+            }
+            checkExclusive();
+            try {
+                SCardDisconnect(context.cardId, (reset ? SCARD_RESET_CARD : SCARD_LEAVE_CARD));
+            } catch (PCSCException e) {
+                throw new CardException("disconnect() failed", e);
+            } finally {
+                context.state = State.DISCONNECTED;
+                exclusiveThread = null;
+                // state has been set != OK. The cleaning action is now a noop.
+                // Deregister from Cleaner to reduce reference tracking.
+                cleanable.clean();
+            }
         } finally {
-            state = State.DISCONNECTED;
-            exclusiveThread = null;
+            Reference.reachabilityFence(this);
         }
     }
 
     public String toString() {
-        return "PC/SC card in " + terminal.name
-            + ", protocol " + getProtocol() + ", state " + state;
-    }
-
-    @SuppressWarnings("removal")
-    protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
         try {
-            if (state == State.OK) {
-                state = State.DISCONNECTED;
-                SCardDisconnect(cardId, SCARD_LEAVE_CARD);
-            }
+            return "PC/SC card in " + terminal.name
+                + ", protocol " + getProtocol() + ", state " + context.state;
         } finally {
-            super.finalize();
+            Reference.reachabilityFence(this);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/java.smartcardio/share/classes/sun/security/smartcardio/ChannelImpl.java b/src/java.smartcardio/share/classes/sun/security/smartcardio/ChannelImpl.java
index 4d89c57e48c..a92ade5e184 100644
--- a/src/java.smartcardio/share/classes/sun/security/smartcardio/ChannelImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.smartcardio/share/classes/sun/security/smartcardio/ChannelImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ private byte[] doTransmit(byte[] command) throws CardException {
                             " exceeded maximum " + RESPONSE_ITERATIONS);
                 }
                 byte[] response = SCardTransmit
-                    (card.cardId, card.protocol, command, 0, n);
+                    (card.context.cardId, card.protocol, command, 0, n);
                 int rn = response.length;
                 if (getresponse && (rn >= 2) && (n >= 1)) {
                     // see ISO 7816/2005, 5.1.3
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ public void close() throws CardException {
             byte[] com = new byte[] {0x00, 0x70, (byte)0x80, 0};
             com[3] = (byte)getChannelNumber();
             setChannel(com);
-            byte[] res = SCardTransmit(card.cardId, card.protocol, com, 0, com.length);
+            byte[] res = SCardTransmit(card.context.cardId, card.protocol, com, 0, com.length);
             if (isOK(res) == false) {
                 throw new CardException("close() failed: " + PCSC.toString(res));
             }
diff --git a/test/jdk/TEST.groups b/test/jdk/TEST.groups
index 70d74ed75d9..a4513d35de0 100644
--- a/test/jdk/TEST.groups
+++ b/test/jdk/TEST.groups
@@ -666,6 +666,7 @@ jdk_security_manual_no_input = \
     com/sun/crypto/provider/Cipher/AEAD/GCMIncrementByte4.java \
     com/sun/crypto/provider/Cipher/AEAD/GCMIncrementDirect4.java \
     sun/security/smartcardio/TestChannel.java \
+    sun/security/smartcardio/TestCleaner.java \
     sun/security/smartcardio/TestConnect.java \
     sun/security/smartcardio/TestConnectAgain.java \
     sun/security/smartcardio/TestControl.java \
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/security/smartcardio/TestAll.java b/test/jdk/sun/security/smartcardio/TestAll.java
index 72a0f85daaa..1911c58fbf0 100644
--- a/test/jdk/sun/security/smartcardio/TestAll.java
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/security/smartcardio/TestAll.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ public class TestAll {
     private static final Class[] CLASSES = {
         TestDefault.class,
         TestChannel.class,
+        TestCleaner.class,
         TestConnect.class,
         TestConnectAgain.class,
         TestControl.class,
diff --git a/test/jdk/sun/security/smartcardio/TestCleaner.java b/test/jdk/sun/security/smartcardio/TestCleaner.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..dfcecdb90f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/security/smartcardio/TestCleaner.java
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8380391
+ * @summary basic test of CardImpl Cleaner
+ * @modules java.base/java.lang.ref:open
+ * @modules java.smartcardio/javax.smartcardio
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/manual/othervm
+ *      -Xbootclasspath/a:.
+ *      -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *      -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *      TestCleaner
+ */
+
+// This test requires special hardware; a card must be present
+
+import java.util.WeakHashMap;
+import javax.smartcardio.Card;
+import javax.smartcardio.CardTerminal;
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+import jtreg.SkippedException;
+
+/**
+ * Rudimentary test to confirm that the cleaning action does not prevent the
+ * CardImpl from becoming unreachable and being collected/cleaned.
+ */
+public class TestCleaner extends Utils {
+    static WhiteBox wb;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        CardTerminal terminal = null;
+        try {
+            terminal = getTerminal(args);
+        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
+            if ("Error constructing TerminalFactory for PC/SC using SunPCSC".equals(e.getMessage())) {
+                // Cause is expected to be a PCSCException
+                if ("SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE".equals(e.getCause().getMessage())) {
+                    throw new SkippedException("Skipping the test: " +
+                            "Unable to construct TerminalFactory");
+                } else {
+                    throw e;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (terminal == null) {
+            throw new SkippedException("Skipping the test: " +
+                    "no card terminals available");
+        }
+
+        while (!terminal.isCardPresent()) {
+            System.out.println("*** Insert card!");
+            Thread.sleep(1000);
+        }
+
+        // Connect using any available protocol
+        Card card = terminal.connect("*");
+        if (card == null) {
+            throw new SkippedException("Skipping the test: " +
+                    "no card available");
+        }
+        System.out.println("card is " + card);
+
+        // Ensure card object can become unreachable
+        WeakHashMap<Card,Object> whm = new WeakHashMap<>();
+        whm.put(card, new Object());
+
+        System.out.println("Allow card object to be collected");
+        card = null;
+        terminal = null;
+
+        wb = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+        wb.fullGC();
+        wb.waitForReferenceProcessing();
+
+        if (whm.size() > 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("*** TEST FAILED - Card could not be collected");
+        }
+        System.out.println("Card object collected.");
+    }
+}

From 963ae29d5255d96a32f3c45aa8808bc6d3f947e3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: by1361092 <by1361092@outlook.com>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 01:36:04 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 419/707] 8388386: Remove deprecated
 sun.net.www.http.HttpClient#resetProperties

Reviewed-by: jpai, aturbanov
---
 .../share/classes/sun/net/www/http/HttpClient.java        | 8 --------
 1 file changed, 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/http/HttpClient.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/http/HttpClient.java
index ffab60e714e..ffc5946b0b3 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/http/HttpClient.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/http/HttpClient.java
@@ -170,14 +170,6 @@ private static void logError(String msg) {
         }
     }
 
-    /**
-     * A NOP method kept for backwards binary compatibility
-     * @deprecated -- system properties are no longer cached.
-     */
-    @Deprecated
-    public static synchronized void resetProperties() {
-    }
-
     int getKeepAliveTimeout() {
         return keepAliveTimeout;
     }

From 63808b08e156592458f759cbd2aa6ae9108735ae Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jayathirth D V <jdv@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 03:32:46 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 420/707] 8388755: Use floating point argument for fillVertex
 in MTLRenderer

Reviewed-by: azvegint, avu, serb
---
 .../macosx/native/libawt_lwawt/java2d/metal/MTLRenderer.m     | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/macosx/native/libawt_lwawt/java2d/metal/MTLRenderer.m b/src/java.desktop/macosx/native/libawt_lwawt/java2d/metal/MTLRenderer.m
index 4d8e0c32f36..43f656f105c 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/macosx/native/libawt_lwawt/java2d/metal/MTLRenderer.m
+++ b/src/java.desktop/macosx/native/libawt_lwawt/java2d/metal/MTLRenderer.m
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ void MTLRenderer_DrawRect(MTLContext *mtlc, BMTLSDOps * dstOps, jint x, jint y,
 
 const int POLYLINE_BUF_SIZE = 64;
 
-NS_INLINE void fillVertex(struct Vertex * vertex, int x, int y) {
+NS_INLINE void fillVertex(struct Vertex * vertex, jfloat x, jfloat y) {
     vertex->position[0] = x;
     vertex->position[1] = y;
 }

From 167275144f14ced8c6e67a0a1b8b392d618ef9a8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vladimir Petko <vpetko@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 05:10:00 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 421/707] 8389588: [s390x] Zero build is broken after
 JDK-8388561

Reviewed-by: amitkumar, hdhiman
---
 src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_s390/os_linux_s390.cpp | 6 ------
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.cpp                | 7 +++++++
 2 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_s390/os_linux_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_s390/os_linux_s390.cpp
index 4ad61e605fb..9276d1d744b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_s390/os_linux_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_s390/os_linux_s390.cpp
@@ -478,9 +478,3 @@ int os::extra_bang_size_in_bytes() {
 
 void os::setup_fpu() {}
 
-uintptr_t os::vm_page_table_expansion_point() {
-  // On s390x, page table will dynamically expand based on user demand
-  // (eg mmap probing with high addresses). First expansion happens
-  // at 2^42 (4TB).
-  return nth_bit<uintptr_t>(42);
-}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.cpp
index e3437a097ef..dba4c98ca4b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.cpp
@@ -1999,6 +1999,13 @@ static void shuffle_fisher_yates(T* arr, unsigned num, FastRandom& frand) {
 uintptr_t os::vm_page_table_expansion_point() {
   return align_down(UINTPTR_MAX, os::vm_allocation_granularity());
 }
+#else
+uintptr_t os::vm_page_table_expansion_point() {
+  // On s390x, page table will dynamically expand based on user demand
+  // (eg mmap probing with high addresses). First expansion happens
+  // at 2^42 (4TB).
+  return nth_bit<uintptr_t>(42);
+}
 #endif
 
 // Helper for os::attempt_reserve_memory_between

From a97facb2ec99a26d3fa2125ddae51839961063b5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ivan Bereziuk <Navi.Bereziuk@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 08:52:26 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 422/707] 8341518: TestJcmdWithSideCar.java fails with
 'sun.tools.jcmd.JCmd' missing from stdout/stderr

Reviewed-by: dholmes, kevinw
---
 src/hotspot/os/posix/perfMemory_posix.cpp | 44 ++++++++++++++---------
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt        |  1 -
 2 files changed, 28 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/os/posix/perfMemory_posix.cpp b/src/hotspot/os/posix/perfMemory_posix.cpp
index aaeb33b6d9b..4b4235f2edc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os/posix/perfMemory_posix.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os/posix/perfMemory_posix.cpp
@@ -442,12 +442,13 @@ static bool is_file_secure(int fd, const char *filename) {
 }
 
 
-// return the user name for the given user id
+// return the user name for the given user id. If the UID cannot be resolved
+// to a passwd entry, return a stable UID-based synthetic name.
 //
 // the caller is expected to free the allocated memory.
 //
-static char* get_user_name(uid_t uid) {
-
+[[nodiscard]] static char* get_user_name(uid_t uid) {
+  char* user_name = nullptr;
   struct passwd pwent;
 
   // Determine the max pwbuf size from sysconf, and hardcode
@@ -461,7 +462,14 @@ static char* get_user_name(uid_t uid) {
   struct passwd* p = nullptr;
   int result = getpwuid_r(uid, &pwent, pwbuf, (size_t)bufsize, &p);
 
-  if (result != 0 || p == nullptr || p->pw_name == nullptr || *(p->pw_name) == '\0') {
+  if (result == 0
+      && p != nullptr
+      && p->pw_name != nullptr
+      && *(p->pw_name) != '\0') {
+    user_name = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(p->pw_name) + 1, mtInternal);
+    strcpy(user_name, p->pw_name);
+  }
+  else {
     if (log_is_enabled(Debug, perf)) {
       LogStreamHandle(Debug, perf) log;
       if (result != 0) {
@@ -485,12 +493,19 @@ static char* get_user_name(uid_t uid) {
                      p->pw_name == nullptr ? "pw_name = null" : "pw_name zero length");
       }
     }
-    FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(pwbuf);
-    return nullptr;
-  }
 
-  char* user_name = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(p->pw_name) + 1, mtInternal);
-  strcpy(user_name, p->pw_name);
+    // A process can run with a numeric uid that has no passwd entry, for
+    // example in a Docker container started with --user=<uid>:<gid>. Use a
+    // synthetic name so the JVM can still publish hsperfdata.
+    char uid_name[32];
+    jio_snprintf(uid_name, sizeof(uid_name), "uid" UINT64_FORMAT, static_cast<uint64_t>(uid));
+
+    log_info(perf)("Using synthetic user name %s for unresolved uid " UINT64_FORMAT,
+                   uid_name, static_cast<uint64_t>(uid));
+
+    user_name = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(uid_name) + 1, mtInternal);
+    strcpy(user_name, uid_name);
+  }
 
   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(pwbuf);
   return user_name;
@@ -505,8 +520,7 @@ static char* get_user_name(uid_t uid) {
 //
 // the caller is expected to free the allocated memory.
 //
-//
-static char* get_user_name_slow(int vmid, int nspid, TRAPS) {
+[[nodiscard]] static char* get_user_name_slow(int vmid, int nspid, TRAPS) {
 
   // short circuit the directory search if the process doesn't even exist.
   if (kill(vmid, 0) == OS_ERR) {
@@ -645,7 +659,7 @@ static char* get_user_name_slow(int vmid, int nspid, TRAPS) {
 
 // return the name of the user that owns the JVM indicated by the given vmid.
 //
-static char* get_user_name(int vmid, int *nspid, TRAPS) {
+[[nodiscard]] static char* get_user_name(int vmid, int *nspid, TRAPS) {
   char *result = get_user_name_slow(vmid, *nspid, CHECK_NULL);
 
 #if defined(LINUX)
@@ -1082,10 +1096,8 @@ static char* mmap_create_shared(size_t size) {
   int vmid = os::current_process_id();
 
   char* user_name = get_user_name(geteuid());
-
-  if (user_name == nullptr)
-    return nullptr;
-
+  assert(user_name != nullptr,
+         "get_user_name() must resolve or synthesize a user name");
   char* dirname = get_user_tmp_dir(user_name, vmid, -1);
   char* filename = get_sharedmem_filename(dirname, vmid, -1);
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
index 64fc16aae16..88751bafaea 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
@@ -109,7 +109,6 @@ runtime/Thread/TestAlwaysPreTouchStacks.java 8383372 macosx-aarch64
 applications/jcstress/copy.java 8229852 linux-all
 
 containers/docker/TestJFREvents.java 8327723 linux-x64
-containers/docker/TestJcmdWithSideCar.java 8341518 linux-all
 
 #############################################################################
 

From b67d698a6dd4e6823c43b1cd0ac6ca992f4a9025 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 09:02:47 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 423/707] 8389509: SetPrinterDevice check GlobalAlloc return
 value

Reviewed-by: prr, clanger
---
 .../windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_PrintJob.cpp   | 12 ++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_PrintJob.cpp b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_PrintJob.cpp
index 0381e828c26..05073c64aff 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_PrintJob.cpp
+++ b/src/java.desktop/windows/native/libawt/windows/awt_PrintJob.cpp
@@ -4259,7 +4259,19 @@ static BOOL SetPrinterDevice(LPTSTR pszDeviceName, HGLOBAL* p_hDevMode,
 
   // Allocate a global handle big enough to hold DEVNAMES.
   HGLOBAL   hDevNames = ::GlobalAlloc(GHND, devNameSize);
+  if (hDevNames == NULL) {
+    ::GlobalFree(hDevMode);
+    ::GlobalFree(p2);
+    return FALSE;
+  }
+
   DEVNAMES* pDevNames = (DEVNAMES*)::GlobalLock(hDevNames);
+  if (pDevNames == NULL) {
+    ::GlobalFree(hDevNames);
+    ::GlobalFree(hDevMode);
+    ::GlobalFree(p2);
+    return FALSE;
+  }
 
   // Copy the DEVNAMES information from PRINTER_INFO_2 structure.
   pDevNames->wDriverOffset = sizeof(DEVNAMES)/sizeof(TCHAR);

From 5cf67d03882844a2d9e6d1364072f5492ea36233 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Kevin Walls <kevinw@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 10:01:37 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 424/707] 8386833:
 java/lang/management/MemoryMXBean/TestGetTotalGcCpuTime.java#Serial fails
 with "Some GC CPU time must have been reported" exception

Reviewed-by: jnorlinder, sspitsyn
---
 .../MemoryMXBean/TestGetTotalGcCpuTime.java   | 19 ++++++++++++++-----
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/management/MemoryMXBean/TestGetTotalGcCpuTime.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/management/MemoryMXBean/TestGetTotalGcCpuTime.java
index 464218d1e15..7ae077814f1 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/lang/management/MemoryMXBean/TestGetTotalGcCpuTime.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/management/MemoryMXBean/TestGetTotalGcCpuTime.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -80,6 +80,8 @@
 import java.lang.management.ThreadMXBean;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.Platform;
+
 public class TestGetTotalGcCpuTime {
     static final ThreadMXBean mxThreadBean = ManagementFactory.getThreadMXBean();
     static final MemoryMXBean mxMemoryBean = ManagementFactory.getMemoryMXBean();
@@ -99,10 +101,17 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             return;
         }
 
-        // Add some tracing work to ensure OSs with slower update rates would report usage
-        for (int i = 0; i < 200; i++) {
+        // Add some tracing work to ensure time is spent in GC.
+        int loop1 = 200;
+        int loop2 = 5000;
+        if (Platform.isWindows()) {
+            // Windows has coarser timer ganularity, needs more work to reliably register >0 time.
+            loop1 = 1000;
+            loop2 = 6000;
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < loop1; i++) {
             objs = new ArrayList<Object>();
-            for (int j = 0; j < 5000; j++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < loop2; j++) {
                 objs.add(new Object());
             }
             System.gc();
@@ -116,7 +125,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             }
         } else {
             if (gcCpuTimeFromThread <= 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("Some GC CPU time must have been reported");
+                throw new RuntimeException("Some GC CPU time must have been reported: gcCpuTimeFromThread = " + gcCpuTimeFromThread);
             }
         }
     }

From 017e253544121188379b578eaaf70c2fadd34b17 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gui Cao <gcao@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 12:13:13 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 425/707] 8388460: RISC-V: Auto-enable Zcb extension features

Reviewed-by: dzhang, fyang
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp          | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp | 4 ++++
 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp
index 6c7fcc144f4..7e778153135 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/globals_riscv.hpp
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ define_pd_global(bool, InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, false);
   product(bool, UseZfhmin, false, DIAGNOSTIC, "Use Zfhmin instructions")         \
   product(bool, UseZacas, false, EXPERIMENTAL, "Use Zacas instructions")         \
   product(bool, UseZabha, false, EXPERIMENTAL, "Use UseZabha instructions")      \
-  product(bool, UseZcb, false, EXPERIMENTAL, "Use Zcb instructions")             \
+  product(bool, UseZcb, false, DIAGNOSTIC, "Use Zcb instructions")               \
   product(bool, UseZic64b, false, EXPERIMENTAL, "Use Zic64b instructions")       \
   product(bool, UseZicbom, false, EXPERIMENTAL, "Use Zicbom instructions")       \
   product(bool, UseZicbop, false, EXPERIMENTAL, "Use Zicbop instructions")       \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp
index 24c65bd21e0..c83e10e5b27 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/riscv_hwprobe.cpp
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@
 #define   RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZTSO                (1ULL << 33)
 #define   RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZACAS               (1ULL << 34)
 #define   RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZICOND              (1ULL << 35)
+#define   RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZCB                 (1ULL << 44)
 
 #define RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_CPUPERF_0     5
 #define   RISCV_HWPROBE_MISALIGNED_UNKNOWN      (0 << 0)
@@ -224,6 +225,9 @@ void RiscvHwprobe::add_features_from_query_result() {
   if (is_set(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_0, RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZFHMIN)) {
     VM_Version::ext_Zfhmin.enable_feature();
   }
+  if (is_set(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_0, RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZCB)) {
+    VM_Version::ext_Zcb.enable_feature();
+  }
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   if (is_set(RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_0, RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZICBOZ)) {
     VM_Version::ext_Zicboz.enable_feature();

From 0bdfb3a2a4679ba9a3fdd9f728073b21eab3731f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Coleen Phillimore <coleenp@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 12:13:31 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 426/707] 8388791: Refactor JavaClasses Throwable and
 StackTrace classes

Reviewed-by: dholmes, sspitsyn, iklam
---
 src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Runtime1.cpp          |    1 +
 src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.cpp    |    2 +-
 .../share/cds/aotLinkedClassBulkLoader.cpp    |    1 +
 src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp        |    1 +
 src/hotspot/share/cds/classListParser.cpp     |    3 +-
 src/hotspot/share/cds/dynamicArchive.cpp      |    1 +
 src/hotspot/share/cds/finalImageRecipes.cpp   |    3 +-
 src/hotspot/share/cds/lambdaFormInvokers.cpp  |    1 +
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciReplay.cpp             |    1 +
 src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.cpp   | 1180 +--------------
 src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.hpp   |  214 ---
 .../share/classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp    |   59 +-
 .../share/classfile/javaClassesImpl.hpp       |    1 +
 .../share/classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.cpp | 1288 +++++++++++++++++
 .../share/classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp |  225 +++
 src/hotspot/share/classfile/verifier.cpp      |    1 +
 .../share/interpreter/interpreterRuntime.cpp  |    1 +
 src/hotspot/share/jfr/dcmd/jfrDcmds.cpp       |    1 +
 .../instrumentation/jfrClassTransformer.cpp   |    3 +-
 .../jfrEventClassTransformer.cpp              |    3 +-
 .../share/jfr/recorder/jfrRecorder.cpp        |    2 +-
 .../jfr/recorder/service/jfrOptionSet.cpp     |    1 +
 src/hotspot/share/memory/universe.cpp         |    1 +
 src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.cpp       |    1 +
 src/hotspot/share/oops/cpCache.cpp            |    1 +
 src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp      |    1 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp           |    1 +
 src/hotspot/share/prims/jvm.cpp               |    1 +
 src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiExport.cpp       |    1 +
 .../share/prims/jvmtiRedefineClasses.cpp      |    1 +
 src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiTagMap.cpp       |    1 +
 src/hotspot/share/prims/stackwalk.cpp         |    3 +-
 src/hotspot/share/prims/upcallLinker.cpp      |    3 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/java.cpp            |    2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp      |    1 +
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp   |    1 +
 src/hotspot/share/services/attachListener.cpp |    1 +
 .../share/services/diagnosticCommand.cpp      |    1 +
 src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp  |    1 +
 src/hotspot/share/utilities/exceptions.cpp    |    1 +
 40 files changed, 1556 insertions(+), 1460 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.cpp
 create mode 100644 src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Runtime1.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Runtime1.cpp
index e91691f96e2..96682a7a3e7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Runtime1.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Runtime1.cpp
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "c1/c1_MacroAssembler.hpp"
 #include "c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
 #include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.cpp
index 9275b914ef9..1136c0cf9a2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.cpp
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 #include "cds/serializeClosure.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
-#include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "logging/log.hpp"
 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotLinkedClassBulkLoader.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotLinkedClassBulkLoader.cpp
index 8129e6a5a81..572b973827b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotLinkedClassBulkLoader.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotLinkedClassBulkLoader.cpp
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataShared.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionaryShared.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
index a22e9bc6bf3..e1755dc8a0c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@
 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataShared.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/loaderConstraints.hpp"
 #include "classfile/modules.hpp"
 #include "classfile/placeholders.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/classListParser.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/classListParser.cpp
index 111a8ab8f66..836d018a714 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/classListParser.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/classListParser.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "cds/unregisteredClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionaryShared.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/dynamicArchive.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/dynamicArchive.cpp
index cd6890555d3..b8adbba22f1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/dynamicArchive.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/dynamicArchive.cpp
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
 #include "cds/regeneratedClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionaryShared.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/finalImageRecipes.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/finalImageRecipes.cpp
index 8ba4514dfed..993b368a07b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/finalImageRecipes.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/finalImageRecipes.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "cds/finalImageRecipes.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionaryShared.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/lambdaFormInvokers.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/lambdaFormInvokers.cpp
index ea10ad4283f..5cfb73d2f6c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/lambdaFormInvokers.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/lambdaFormInvokers.cpp
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "classfile/classFileStream.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classLoadInfo.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/klassFactory.hpp"
 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciReplay.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciReplay.cpp
index 733748735fe..af232db004d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciReplay.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciReplay.cpp
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "ci/ciSymbol.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciUtilities.inline.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compilationPolicy.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.cpp
index 16b9dadee2e..7a1c1eb9484 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.cpp
@@ -24,13 +24,12 @@
 
 #include "cds/aotMetaspace.hpp"
 #include "cds/aotReferenceObjSupport.hpp"
-#include "cds/archiveBuilder.hpp"
 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
 #include "cds/heapShared.inline.hpp"
-#include "classfile/altHashing.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.inline.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClassesImpl.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaThreadStatus.hpp"
 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
@@ -38,12 +37,7 @@
 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
-#include "code/debugInfo.hpp"
 #include "code/dependencyContext.hpp"
-#include "code/pcDesc.hpp"
-#include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
-#include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
-#include "interpreter/linkResolver.hpp"
 #include "jvm.h"
 #include "logging/log.hpp"
 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
@@ -69,28 +63,22 @@
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
 #include "prims/methodHandles.hpp"
 #include "prims/resolvedMethodTable.hpp"
-#include "runtime/continuationEntry.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/continuationJavaClasses.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
-#include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handshake.hpp"
-#include "runtime/init.hpp"
 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
 #include "runtime/jniHandles.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/reflection.hpp"
-#include "runtime/safepoint.hpp"
 #include "runtime/safepointVerifiers.hpp"
 #include "runtime/threadSMR.hpp"
 #include "runtime/vframe.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
-#include "utilities/align.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 #include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
-#include "utilities/preserveException.hpp"
 #include "utilities/utf8.hpp"
 
 #define DECLARE_INJECTED_FIELD(klass, name, signature, may_be_java)           \
@@ -2262,1105 +2250,6 @@ void java_lang_VirtualThread::serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) {
 }
 #endif
 
-// java_lang_Throwable
-
-int java_lang_Throwable::_backtrace_offset;
-int java_lang_Throwable::_detailMessage_offset;
-int java_lang_Throwable::_stackTrace_offset;
-int java_lang_Throwable::_depth_offset;
-int java_lang_Throwable::_cause_offset;
-int java_lang_Throwable::_static_unassigned_stacktrace_offset;
-
-#define THROWABLE_FIELDS_DO(macro) \
-  macro(_backtrace_offset,     k, "backtrace",     object_signature,                  false); \
-  macro(_detailMessage_offset, k, "detailMessage", string_signature,                  false); \
-  macro(_stackTrace_offset,    k, "stackTrace",    java_lang_StackTraceElement_array, false); \
-  macro(_depth_offset,         k, "depth",         int_signature,                     false); \
-  macro(_cause_offset,         k, "cause",         throwable_signature,               false); \
-  macro(_static_unassigned_stacktrace_offset, k, "UNASSIGNED_STACK", java_lang_StackTraceElement_array, true)
-
-void java_lang_Throwable::compute_offsets() {
-  InstanceKlass* k = vmClasses::Throwable_klass();
-  THROWABLE_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_COMPUTE_OFFSET);
-}
-
-#if INCLUDE_CDS
-void java_lang_Throwable::serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) {
-  THROWABLE_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_SERIALIZE_OFFSET);
-}
-#endif
-
-oop java_lang_Throwable::unassigned_stacktrace() {
-  InstanceKlass* ik = vmClasses::Throwable_klass();
-  oop base = ik->static_field_base_raw();
-  return base->obj_field(_static_unassigned_stacktrace_offset);
-}
-
-refArrayOop java_lang_Throwable::backtrace(oop throwable) {
-  return (refArrayOop)throwable->obj_field_acquire(_backtrace_offset);
-}
-
-
-void java_lang_Throwable::set_backtrace(oop throwable, refArrayOop value) {
-  throwable->release_obj_field_put(_backtrace_offset, value);
-}
-
-int java_lang_Throwable::depth(oop throwable) {
-  return throwable->int_field(_depth_offset);
-}
-
-void java_lang_Throwable::set_depth(oop throwable, int value) {
-  throwable->int_field_put(_depth_offset, value);
-}
-
-oop java_lang_Throwable::message(oop throwable) {
-  return throwable->obj_field(_detailMessage_offset);
-}
-
-const char* java_lang_Throwable::message_as_utf8(oop throwable) {
-  oop msg = java_lang_Throwable::message(throwable);
-  const char* msg_utf8 = nullptr;
-  if (msg != nullptr) {
-    msg_utf8 = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(msg);
-  }
-  return msg_utf8;
-}
-
-oop java_lang_Throwable::cause(oop throwable) {
-  return throwable->obj_field(_cause_offset);
-}
-
-void java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oop throwable, oop value) {
-  throwable->obj_field_put(_detailMessage_offset, value);
-}
-
-
-void java_lang_Throwable::set_stacktrace(oop throwable, oop st_element_array) {
-  throwable->obj_field_put(_stackTrace_offset, st_element_array);
-}
-
-void java_lang_Throwable::clear_stacktrace(oop throwable) {
-  set_stacktrace(throwable, nullptr);
-}
-
-
-void java_lang_Throwable::print(oop throwable, outputStream* st) {
-  ResourceMark rm;
-  Klass* k = throwable->klass();
-  assert(k != nullptr, "just checking");
-  st->print("%s", k->external_name());
-  oop msg = message(throwable);
-  if (msg != nullptr) {
-    st->print(": %s", java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(msg));
-  }
-}
-
-// After this many redefines, the stack trace is unreliable.
-const int MAX_VERSION = USHRT_MAX;
-
-static inline bool version_matches(Method* method, int version) {
-  assert(version < MAX_VERSION, "version is too big");
-  return method != nullptr && (method->constants()->version() == version);
-}
-
-// This class provides a simple wrapper over the internal structure of
-// exception backtrace to insulate users of the backtrace from needing
-// to know what it looks like.
-// The code of this class is not GC safe. Allocations can only happen
-// in expand().
-class BacktraceBuilder: public StackObj {
- friend class BacktraceIterator;
- private:
-  refArrayHandle  _backtrace;
-  refArrayOop     _head;
-  typeArrayOop    _methods;
-  typeArrayOop    _bcis;
-  refArrayOop     _mirrors;
-  typeArrayOop    _names; // Needed to insulate method name against redefinition.
-  // True if the top frame of the backtrace is omitted because it shall be hidden.
-  bool            _has_hidden_top_frame;
-  int             _index;
-  NoSafepointVerifier _nsv;
-
-  enum {
-    trace_methods_offset = java_lang_Throwable::trace_methods_offset,
-    trace_bcis_offset    = java_lang_Throwable::trace_bcis_offset,
-    trace_mirrors_offset = java_lang_Throwable::trace_mirrors_offset,
-    trace_names_offset   = java_lang_Throwable::trace_names_offset,
-    trace_conts_offset   = java_lang_Throwable::trace_conts_offset,
-    trace_next_offset    = java_lang_Throwable::trace_next_offset,
-    trace_hidden_offset  = java_lang_Throwable::trace_hidden_offset,
-    trace_size           = java_lang_Throwable::trace_size,
-    trace_chunk_size     = java_lang_Throwable::trace_chunk_size
-  };
-
-  // get info out of chunks
-  static typeArrayOop get_methods(refArrayHandle chunk) {
-    typeArrayOop methods = typeArrayOop(chunk->obj_at(trace_methods_offset));
-    assert(methods != nullptr, "method array should be initialized in backtrace");
-    return methods;
-  }
-  static typeArrayOop get_bcis(refArrayHandle chunk) {
-    typeArrayOop bcis = typeArrayOop(chunk->obj_at(trace_bcis_offset));
-    assert(bcis != nullptr, "bci array should be initialized in backtrace");
-    return bcis;
-  }
-  static refArrayOop get_mirrors(refArrayHandle chunk) {
-    refArrayOop mirrors = refArrayOop(chunk->obj_at(trace_mirrors_offset));
-    assert(mirrors != nullptr, "mirror array should be initialized in backtrace");
-    return mirrors;
-  }
-  static typeArrayOop get_names(refArrayHandle chunk) {
-    typeArrayOop names = typeArrayOop(chunk->obj_at(trace_names_offset));
-    assert(names != nullptr, "names array should be initialized in backtrace");
-    return names;
-  }
-  static bool has_hidden_top_frame(refArrayHandle chunk) {
-    oop hidden = chunk->obj_at(trace_hidden_offset);
-    return hidden != nullptr;
-  }
-
- public:
-
-  // constructor for new backtrace
-  BacktraceBuilder(TRAPS): _head(nullptr), _methods(nullptr), _bcis(nullptr), _mirrors(nullptr), _names(nullptr), _has_hidden_top_frame(false) {
-    expand(CHECK);
-    _backtrace = refArrayHandle(THREAD, _head);
-    _index = 0;
-  }
-
-  BacktraceBuilder(Thread* thread, refArrayHandle backtrace) {
-    _methods = get_methods(backtrace);
-    _bcis = get_bcis(backtrace);
-    _mirrors = get_mirrors(backtrace);
-    _names = get_names(backtrace);
-    _has_hidden_top_frame = has_hidden_top_frame(backtrace);
-    assert(_methods->length() == _bcis->length() &&
-           _methods->length() == _mirrors->length() &&
-           _mirrors->length() == _names->length(),
-           "method and source information arrays should match");
-
-    // head is the preallocated backtrace
-    _head = backtrace();
-    _backtrace = refArrayHandle(thread, _head);
-    _index = 0;
-  }
-
-  void expand(TRAPS) {
-    refArrayHandle old_head(THREAD, _head);
-    PauseNoSafepointVerifier pnsv(&_nsv);
-
-    refArrayOop head = oopFactory::new_objectArray(trace_size, CHECK);
-    refArrayHandle new_head(THREAD, head);
-
-    typeArrayOop methods = oopFactory::new_shortArray(trace_chunk_size, CHECK);
-    typeArrayHandle new_methods(THREAD, methods);
-
-    typeArrayOop bcis = oopFactory::new_intArray(trace_chunk_size, CHECK);
-    typeArrayHandle new_bcis(THREAD, bcis);
-
-    refArrayOop mirrors = oopFactory::new_objectArray(trace_chunk_size, CHECK);
-    refArrayHandle new_mirrors(THREAD, mirrors);
-
-    typeArrayOop names = oopFactory::new_symbolArray(trace_chunk_size, CHECK);
-    typeArrayHandle new_names(THREAD, names);
-
-    if (!old_head.is_null()) {
-      old_head->obj_at_put(trace_next_offset, new_head());
-    }
-    new_head->obj_at_put(trace_methods_offset, new_methods());
-    new_head->obj_at_put(trace_bcis_offset, new_bcis());
-    new_head->obj_at_put(trace_mirrors_offset, new_mirrors());
-    new_head->obj_at_put(trace_names_offset, new_names());
-    new_head->obj_at_put(trace_hidden_offset, nullptr);
-
-    _head    = new_head();
-    _methods = new_methods();
-    _bcis = new_bcis();
-    _mirrors = new_mirrors();
-    _names  = new_names();
-    _index = 0;
-  }
-
-  refArrayOop backtrace() {
-    return _backtrace();
-  }
-
-  inline void push(Method* method, int bci, TRAPS) {
-    // Smear the -1 bci to 0 since the array only holds unsigned
-    // shorts.  The later line number lookup would just smear the -1
-    // to a 0 even if it could be recorded.
-    if (bci == SynchronizationEntryBCI) bci = 0;
-
-    if (_index >= trace_chunk_size) {
-      methodHandle mhandle(THREAD, method);
-      expand(CHECK);
-      method = mhandle();
-    }
-
-    _methods->ushort_at_put(_index, method->orig_method_idnum());
-    _bcis->int_at_put(_index, Backtrace::merge_bci_and_version(bci, method->constants()->version()));
-
-    // Note:this doesn't leak symbols because the mirror in the backtrace keeps the
-    // klass owning the symbols alive so their refcounts aren't decremented.
-    Symbol* name = method->name();
-    _names->symbol_at_put(_index, name);
-
-    // We need to save the mirrors in the backtrace to keep the class
-    // from being unloaded while we still have this stack trace.
-    assert(method->method_holder()->java_mirror() != nullptr, "never push null for mirror");
-    _mirrors->obj_at_put(_index, method->method_holder()->java_mirror());
-
-    _index++;
-  }
-
-  void set_has_hidden_top_frame() {
-    if (!_has_hidden_top_frame) {
-      // It would be nice to add java/lang/Boolean::TRUE here
-      // to indicate that this backtrace has a hidden top frame.
-      // But this code is used before TRUE is allocated.
-      // Therefore let's just use an arbitrary legal oop
-      // available right here. _methods is a short[].
-      assert(_methods != nullptr, "we need a legal oop");
-      _has_hidden_top_frame = true;
-      _head->obj_at_put(trace_hidden_offset, _methods);
-    }
-  }
-};
-
-struct BacktraceElement : public StackObj {
-  int _method_id;
-  int _bci;
-  int _version;
-  Symbol* _name;
-  Handle _mirror;
-  BacktraceElement(Handle mirror, int mid, int version, int bci, Symbol* name) :
-                   _method_id(mid), _bci(bci), _version(version), _name(name), _mirror(mirror) {}
-};
-
-class BacktraceIterator : public StackObj {
-  int _index;
-  refArrayHandle  _result;
-  refArrayHandle  _mirrors;
-  typeArrayHandle _methods;
-  typeArrayHandle _bcis;
-  typeArrayHandle _names;
-
-  void init(refArrayHandle result, Thread* thread) {
-    // Get method id, bci, version and mirror from chunk
-    _result = result;
-    if (_result.not_null()) {
-      _methods = typeArrayHandle(thread, BacktraceBuilder::get_methods(_result));
-      _bcis = typeArrayHandle(thread, BacktraceBuilder::get_bcis(_result));
-      _mirrors = refArrayHandle(thread, BacktraceBuilder::get_mirrors(_result));
-      _names = typeArrayHandle(thread, BacktraceBuilder::get_names(_result));
-      _index = 0;
-    }
-  }
- public:
-  BacktraceIterator(refArrayHandle result, Thread* thread) {
-    init(result, thread);
-    assert(_methods.is_null() || _methods->length() == java_lang_Throwable::trace_chunk_size, "lengths don't match");
-  }
-
-  BacktraceElement next(Thread* thread) {
-    BacktraceElement e (Handle(thread, _mirrors->obj_at(_index)),
-                        _methods->ushort_at(_index),
-                        Backtrace::version_at(_bcis->int_at(_index)),
-                        Backtrace::bci_at(_bcis->int_at(_index)),
-                        _names->symbol_at(_index));
-    _index++;
-
-    if (_index >= java_lang_Throwable::trace_chunk_size) {
-      int next_offset = java_lang_Throwable::trace_next_offset;
-      // Get next chunk
-      refArrayHandle result (thread, refArrayOop(_result->obj_at(next_offset)));
-      init(result, thread);
-    }
-    return e;
-  }
-
-  bool repeat() {
-    return _result.not_null() && _mirrors->obj_at(_index) != nullptr;
-  }
-};
-
-
-// Print stack trace element to the specified output stream.
-// The output is formatted into a stringStream and written to the outputStream in one step.
-static void print_stack_element_to_stream(outputStream* st, Handle mirror, int method_id,
-                                          int version, int bci, Symbol* name) {
-  ResourceMark rm;
-  stringStream ss;
-
-  InstanceKlass* holder = java_lang_Class::as_InstanceKlass(mirror());
-  const char* klass_name  = holder->external_name();
-  char* method_name = name->as_C_string();
-  ss.print("\tat %s.%s(", klass_name, method_name);
-
-  // Print module information
-  ModuleEntry* module = holder->module();
-  if (module->is_named()) {
-    char* module_name = module->name()->as_C_string();
-    if (module->version() != nullptr) {
-      char* module_version = module->version()->as_C_string();
-      ss.print("%s@%s/", module_name, module_version);
-    } else {
-      ss.print("%s/", module_name);
-    }
-  }
-
-  char* source_file_name = nullptr;
-  Symbol* source = Backtrace::get_source_file_name(holder, version);
-  if (source != nullptr) {
-    source_file_name = source->as_C_string();
-  }
-
-  // The method can be null if the requested class version is gone
-  Method* method = holder->method_with_orig_idnum(method_id, version);
-  if (!version_matches(method, version)) {
-    ss.print("Redefined)");
-  } else {
-    int line_number = Backtrace::get_line_number(method, bci);
-    if (line_number == -2) {
-      ss.print("Native Method)");
-    } else {
-      if (source_file_name != nullptr && (line_number != -1)) {
-        // Sourcename and linenumber
-        ss.print("%s:%d)", source_file_name, line_number);
-      } else if (source_file_name != nullptr) {
-        // Just sourcename
-        ss.print("%s)", source_file_name);
-      } else {
-        // Neither sourcename nor linenumber
-        ss.print("Unknown Source)");
-      }
-      nmethod* nm = method->code();
-      if (WizardMode && nm != nullptr) {
-        ss.print("(nmethod " INTPTR_FORMAT ")", p2i(nm));
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  ss.cr();
-  st->print_raw(ss.freeze(), ss.size());
-}
-
-void java_lang_Throwable::print_stack_element(outputStream *st, Method* method, int bci) {
-  Handle mirror (Thread::current(),  method->method_holder()->java_mirror());
-  int method_id = method->orig_method_idnum();
-  int version = method->constants()->version();
-  print_stack_element_to_stream(st, mirror, method_id, version, bci, method->name());
-}
-
-/**
- * Print the throwable message and its stack trace plus all causes by walking the
- * cause chain.  The output looks the same as of Throwable.printStackTrace().
- */
-void java_lang_Throwable::print_stack_trace(Handle throwable, outputStream* st) {
-  // First, print the message.
-  print(throwable(), st);
-  st->cr();
-
-  // Now print the stack trace.
-  JavaThread* THREAD = JavaThread::current(); // For exception macros.
-  while (throwable.not_null()) {
-    refArrayHandle result (THREAD, backtrace(throwable()));
-    if (result.is_null()) {
-      st->print_raw_cr("\t<<no stack trace available>>");
-      return;
-    }
-    BacktraceIterator iter(result, THREAD);
-
-    while (iter.repeat()) {
-      BacktraceElement bte = iter.next(THREAD);
-      print_stack_element_to_stream(st, bte._mirror, bte._method_id, bte._version, bte._bci, bte._name);
-    }
-    if (THREAD->can_call_java()) {
-      // Call getCause() which doesn't necessarily return the _cause field.
-      ExceptionMark em(THREAD);
-      JavaValue cause(T_OBJECT);
-      JavaCalls::call_virtual(&cause,
-                              throwable,
-                              throwable->klass(),
-                              vmSymbols::getCause_name(),
-                              vmSymbols::void_throwable_signature(),
-                              THREAD);
-      // Ignore any exceptions. we are in the middle of exception handling. Same as classic VM.
-      if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
-        CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
-        throwable = Handle();
-      } else {
-        throwable = Handle(THREAD, cause.get_oop());
-        if (throwable.not_null()) {
-          st->print("Caused by: ");
-          print(throwable(), st);
-          st->cr();
-        }
-      }
-    } else {
-      st->print_raw_cr("<<cannot call Java to get cause>>");
-      return;
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * Print the throwable stack trace by calling the Java method java.lang.Throwable.printStackTrace().
- */
-void java_lang_Throwable::java_printStackTrace(Handle throwable, TRAPS) {
-  assert(throwable->is_a(vmClasses::Throwable_klass()), "Throwable instance expected");
-  JavaValue result(T_VOID);
-  JavaCalls::call_virtual(&result,
-                          throwable,
-                          vmClasses::Throwable_klass(),
-                          vmSymbols::printStackTrace_name(),
-                          vmSymbols::void_method_signature(),
-                          THREAD);
-}
-
-void java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace(Handle throwable, const methodHandle& method, TRAPS) {
-  if (!StackTraceInThrowable) return;
-  ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
-
-  // Start out by clearing the backtrace for this object, in case the VM
-  // runs out of memory while allocating the stack trace
-  set_backtrace(throwable(), nullptr);
-  // Clear lazily constructed Java level stacktrace if refilling occurs
-  // This is unnecessary in 1.7+ but harmless
-  clear_stacktrace(throwable());
-
-  int max_depth = MaxJavaStackTraceDepth;
-  JavaThread* thread = THREAD;
-
-  BacktraceBuilder bt(CHECK);
-
-  // If there is no Java frame just return the method that was being called
-  // with bci 0
-  if (!thread->has_last_Java_frame()) {
-    if (max_depth >= 1 && method() != nullptr) {
-      bt.push(method(), 0, CHECK);
-      log_info(stacktrace)("%s, %d", throwable->klass()->external_name(), 1);
-      set_depth(throwable(), 1);
-      set_backtrace(throwable(), bt.backtrace());
-    }
-    return;
-  }
-
-  // Instead of using vframe directly, this version of fill_in_stack_trace
-  // basically handles everything by hand. This significantly improved the
-  // speed of this method call up to 28.5% on Solaris sparc. 27.1% on Windows.
-  // See bug 6333838 for  more details.
-  // The "ASSERT" here is to verify this method generates the exactly same stack
-  // trace as utilizing vframe.
-#ifdef ASSERT
-  vframeStream st(thread, false /* stop_at_java_call_stub */, false /* process_frames */);
-#endif
-  int total_count = 0;
-  RegisterMap map(thread,
-                  RegisterMap::UpdateMap::skip,
-                  RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::skip,
-                  RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::include);
-  int decode_offset = 0;
-  nmethod* nm = nullptr;
-  bool skip_fillInStackTrace_check = false;
-  bool skip_throwableInit_check = false;
-  bool skip_hidden = !ShowHiddenFrames;
-  bool show_carrier = ShowCarrierFrames;
-  ContinuationEntry* cont_entry = thread->last_continuation();
-  for (frame fr = thread->last_frame(); max_depth == 0 || max_depth != total_count;) {
-    Method* method = nullptr;
-    int bci = 0;
-
-    // Compiled java method case.
-    if (decode_offset != 0) {
-      DebugInfoReadStream stream(nm, decode_offset);
-      decode_offset = stream.read_int();
-      method = (Method*)nm->metadata_at(stream.read_int());
-      bci = stream.read_bci();
-    } else {
-      if (fr.is_first_frame()) break;
-
-      if (Continuation::is_continuation_enterSpecial(fr)) {
-        assert(cont_entry == Continuation::get_continuation_entry_for_entry_frame(thread, fr), "");
-        if (!show_carrier && cont_entry->is_virtual_thread()) {
-          break;
-        }
-        cont_entry = cont_entry->parent();
-      }
-
-      address pc = fr.pc();
-      if (fr.is_interpreted_frame()) {
-        address bcp;
-        if (!map.in_cont()) {
-          bcp = fr.interpreter_frame_bcp();
-          method = fr.interpreter_frame_method();
-        } else {
-          bcp = map.stack_chunk()->interpreter_frame_bcp(fr);
-          method = map.stack_chunk()->interpreter_frame_method(fr);
-        }
-        bci =  method->bci_from(bcp);
-        fr = fr.sender(&map);
-      } else {
-        CodeBlob* cb = fr.cb();
-        // HMMM QQQ might be nice to have frame return nm as null if cb is non-null
-        // but non nmethod
-        fr = fr.sender(&map);
-        if (cb == nullptr || !cb->is_nmethod()) {
-          continue;
-        }
-        nm = cb->as_nmethod();
-        assert(nm->method() != nullptr, "must be");
-        if (nm->method()->is_native()) {
-          method = nm->method();
-          bci = 0;
-        } else {
-          PcDesc* pd = nm->pc_desc_at(pc);
-          decode_offset = pd->scope_decode_offset();
-          // if decode_offset is not equal to 0, it will execute the
-          // "compiled java method case" at the beginning of the loop.
-          continue;
-        }
-      }
-    }
-#ifdef ASSERT
-    if (!st.at_end()) { // TODO LOOM remove once we show only vthread trace
-      assert(st.method() == method && st.bci() == bci, "Wrong stack trace");
-      st.next();
-    }
-#endif
-
-    // the format of the stacktrace will be:
-    // - 1 or more fillInStackTrace frames for the exception class (skipped)
-    // - 0 or more <init> methods for the exception class (skipped)
-    // - rest of the stack
-
-    if (!skip_fillInStackTrace_check) {
-      if (method->name() == vmSymbols::fillInStackTrace_name() &&
-          throwable->is_a(method->method_holder())) {
-        continue;
-      }
-      else {
-        skip_fillInStackTrace_check = true; // gone past them all
-      }
-    }
-    if (!skip_throwableInit_check) {
-      assert(skip_fillInStackTrace_check, "logic error in backtrace filtering");
-
-      // skip <init> methods of the exception class and superclasses
-      // This is similar to classic VM.
-      if (method->is_object_constructor() &&
-          throwable->is_a(method->method_holder())) {
-        continue;
-      } else {
-        // there are none or we've seen them all - either way stop checking
-        skip_throwableInit_check = true;
-      }
-    }
-    if (method->is_hidden() || method->is_continuation_enter_intrinsic()) {
-      if (skip_hidden) {
-        if (total_count == 0) {
-          // The top frame will be hidden from the stack trace.
-          bt.set_has_hidden_top_frame();
-        }
-        continue;
-      }
-    }
-
-    bt.push(method, bci, CHECK);
-    total_count++;
-  }
-
-  log_info(stacktrace)("%s, %d", throwable->klass()->external_name(), total_count);
-
-  // Put completed stack trace into throwable object
-  set_backtrace(throwable(), bt.backtrace());
-  set_depth(throwable(), total_count);
-}
-
-void java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace(Handle throwable, const methodHandle& method) {
-  // No-op if stack trace is disabled
-  if (!StackTraceInThrowable) {
-    return;
-  }
-
-  // Disable stack traces for some preallocated out of memory errors
-  if (!Universe::should_fill_in_stack_trace(throwable)) {
-    return;
-  }
-
-  JavaThread* THREAD = JavaThread::current(); // For exception macros.
-  PreserveExceptionMark pm(THREAD);
-
-  fill_in_stack_trace(throwable, method, THREAD);
-  // Ignore exceptions thrown during stack trace filling (OOM) and reinstall the
-  // original exception via the PreserveExceptionMark destructor.
-  CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
-}
-
-void java_lang_Throwable::allocate_backtrace(Handle throwable, TRAPS) {
-  // Allocate stack trace - backtrace is created but not filled in
-
-  // No-op if stack trace is disabled
-  if (!StackTraceInThrowable) return;
-  BacktraceBuilder bt(CHECK);   // creates a backtrace
-  set_backtrace(throwable(), bt.backtrace());
-}
-
-
-void java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace_of_preallocated_backtrace(Handle throwable) {
-  // Fill in stack trace into preallocated backtrace (no GC)
-
-  // No-op if stack trace is disabled
-  if (!StackTraceInThrowable) return;
-
-  assert(throwable->is_a(vmClasses::Throwable_klass()), "sanity check");
-
-  JavaThread* THREAD = JavaThread::current(); // For exception macros.
-
-  refArrayHandle backtrace(THREAD, java_lang_Throwable::backtrace(throwable()));
-  assert(backtrace.not_null(), "backtrace should have been preallocated");
-
-  ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
-  vframeStream st(THREAD, false /* stop_at_java_call_stub */, false /* process_frames */);
-
-  BacktraceBuilder bt(THREAD, backtrace);
-
-  // Unlike fill_in_stack_trace we do not skip fillInStackTrace or throwable init
-  // methods as preallocated errors aren't created by "java" code.
-
-  // fill in as much stack trace as possible
-  int chunk_count = 0;
-  for (;!st.at_end(); st.next()) {
-    bt.push(st.method(), st.bci(), CHECK);
-    chunk_count++;
-
-    // Bail-out for deep stacks
-    if (chunk_count >= trace_chunk_size) break;
-  }
-  set_depth(throwable(), chunk_count);
-  log_info(stacktrace)("%s, %d", throwable->klass()->external_name(), chunk_count);
-
-  // We support the Throwable immutability protocol defined for Java 7.
-  java_lang_Throwable::set_stacktrace(throwable(), java_lang_Throwable::unassigned_stacktrace());
-  assert(java_lang_Throwable::unassigned_stacktrace() != nullptr, "not initialized");
-}
-
-void java_lang_Throwable::get_stack_trace_elements(int depth, Handle backtrace,
-                                                   refArrayHandle stack_trace_array_h, TRAPS) {
-
-  if (backtrace.is_null() || stack_trace_array_h.is_null()) {
-    THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
-  }
-
-  assert(stack_trace_array_h->is_refArray(), "Stack trace array should be an array of StackTraceElement");
-
-  if (stack_trace_array_h->length() != depth) {
-    THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_IndexOutOfBoundsException());
-  }
-
-  refArrayHandle result(THREAD, refArrayOop(backtrace()));
-  BacktraceIterator iter(result, THREAD);
-
-  int index = 0;
-  while (iter.repeat()) {
-    BacktraceElement bte = iter.next(THREAD);
-
-    Handle stack_trace_element(THREAD, stack_trace_array_h->obj_at(index++));
-
-    if (stack_trace_element.is_null()) {
-      THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
-    }
-
-    InstanceKlass* holder = java_lang_Class::as_InstanceKlass(bte._mirror());
-    methodHandle method (THREAD, holder->method_with_orig_idnum(bte._method_id, bte._version));
-
-    java_lang_StackTraceElement::fill_in(stack_trace_element, holder,
-                                         method,
-                                         bte._version,
-                                         bte._bci,
-                                         bte._name,
-                                         CHECK);
-  }
-}
-
-Handle java_lang_Throwable::create_initialization_error(JavaThread* current, Handle throwable) {
-  // Creates an ExceptionInInitializerError to be recorded as the initialization error when class initialization
-  // failed due to the passed in 'throwable'. We cannot save 'throwable' directly due to issues with keeping alive
-  // all objects referenced via its stacktrace. So instead we save a new EIIE instance, with the same message and
-  // symbolic stacktrace of 'throwable'.
-  assert(throwable.not_null(), "shouldn't be");
-
-  // Now create the message from the original exception and thread name.
-  ResourceMark rm(current);
-  const char *message = nullptr;
-  oop detailed_message = java_lang_Throwable::message(throwable());
-  if (detailed_message != nullptr) {
-    message = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(detailed_message);
-  }
-  stringStream st;
-  st.print("Exception %s%s ", throwable()->klass()->name()->as_klass_external_name(),
-             message == nullptr ? "" : ":");
-  if (message == nullptr) {
-    st.print("[in thread \"%s\"]", current->name());
-  } else {
-    st.print("%s [in thread \"%s\"]", message, current->name());
-  }
-
-  Symbol* exception_name = vmSymbols::java_lang_ExceptionInInitializerError();
-  Handle init_error = Exceptions::new_exception(current, exception_name, st.as_string());
-  // If new_exception returns a different exception while creating the exception,
-  // abandon the attempt to save the initialization error and return null.
-  if (init_error->klass()->name() != exception_name) {
-    log_info(class, init)("Exception %s thrown while saving initialization exception",
-                        init_error->klass()->external_name());
-    return Handle();
-  }
-
-  // Call to java to fill in the stack trace and clear declaringClassObject to
-  // not keep classes alive in the stack trace.
-  // call this:  public StackTraceElement[] getStackTrace()
-  JavaValue result(T_ARRAY);
-  JavaCalls::call_virtual(&result, throwable,
-                          vmClasses::Throwable_klass(),
-                          vmSymbols::getStackTrace_name(),
-                          vmSymbols::getStackTrace_signature(),
-                          current);
-  if (!current->has_pending_exception()){
-    Handle stack_trace(current, result.get_oop());
-    assert(stack_trace->is_objArray(), "Should be an array");
-    java_lang_Throwable::set_stacktrace(init_error(), stack_trace());
-    // Clear backtrace because the stacktrace should be used instead.
-    set_backtrace(init_error(), nullptr);
-  } else {
-    log_info(class, init)("Exception thrown while getting stack trace for initialization exception %s",
-                        init_error->klass()->external_name());
-    current->clear_pending_exception();
-  }
-
-  return init_error;
-}
-
-bool java_lang_Throwable::get_top_method_and_bci(oop throwable, Method** method, int* bci) {
-  JavaThread* current = JavaThread::current();
-  refArrayHandle result(current, backtrace(throwable));
-  BacktraceIterator iter(result, current);
-  // No backtrace available.
-  if (!iter.repeat()) return false;
-
-  // If the exception happened in a frame that has been hidden, i.e.,
-  // omitted from the back trace, we can not compute the message.
-  oop hidden = backtrace(throwable)->obj_at(trace_hidden_offset);
-  if (hidden != nullptr) {
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Get first backtrace element.
-  BacktraceElement bte = iter.next(current);
-
-  InstanceKlass* holder = java_lang_Class::as_InstanceKlass(bte._mirror());
-  assert(holder != nullptr, "first element should be non-null");
-  Method* m = holder->method_with_orig_idnum(bte._method_id, bte._version);
-
-  // Original version is no longer available.
-  if (m == nullptr || !version_matches(m, bte._version)) {
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  *method = m;
-  *bci = bte._bci;
-  return true;
-}
-
-oop java_lang_StackTraceElement::create(const methodHandle& method, int bci, TRAPS) {
-  // Allocate java.lang.StackTraceElement instance
-  InstanceKlass* k = vmClasses::StackTraceElement_klass();
-  assert(k != nullptr, "must be loaded in 1.4+");
-  if (k->should_be_initialized()) {
-    k->initialize(CHECK_NULL);
-  }
-
-  Handle element = k->allocate_instance_handle(CHECK_NULL);
-
-  int version = method->constants()->version();
-  fill_in(element, method->method_holder(), method, version, bci, method->name(), CHECK_NULL);
-  return element();
-}
-
-void java_lang_StackTraceElement::fill_in(Handle element,
-                                          InstanceKlass* holder, const methodHandle& method,
-                                          int version, int bci, Symbol* name, TRAPS) {
-  assert(element->is_a(vmClasses::StackTraceElement_klass()), "sanity check");
-
-  ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
-  HandleMark hm(THREAD);
-
-  // Fill in class name
-  Handle java_class(THREAD, holder->java_mirror());
-  oop classname = java_lang_Class::name(java_class, CHECK);
-  java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_declaringClass(element(), classname);
-  java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_declaringClassObject(element(), java_class());
-
-  oop loader = holder->class_loader();
-  if (loader != nullptr) {
-    oop loader_name = java_lang_ClassLoader::name(loader);
-    if (loader_name != nullptr)
-      java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_classLoaderName(element(), loader_name);
-  }
-
-  // Fill in method name
-  oop methodname = StringTable::intern(name, CHECK);
-  java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_methodName(element(), methodname);
-
-  // Fill in module name and version
-  ModuleEntry* module = holder->module();
-  if (module->is_named()) {
-    oop module_name = StringTable::intern(module->name(), CHECK);
-    java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_moduleName(element(), module_name);
-    oop module_version;
-    if (module->version() != nullptr) {
-      module_version = StringTable::intern(module->version(), CHECK);
-    } else {
-      module_version = nullptr;
-    }
-    java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_moduleVersion(element(), module_version);
-  }
-
-  if (method() == nullptr || !version_matches(method(), version)) {
-    // The method was redefined, accurate line number information isn't available
-    java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_fileName(element(), nullptr);
-    java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_lineNumber(element(), -1);
-  } else {
-    Symbol* source;
-    oop source_file;
-    int line_number;
-    decode_file_and_line(java_class, holder, version, method, bci, source, source_file, line_number, CHECK);
-
-    java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_fileName(element(), source_file);
-    java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_lineNumber(element(), line_number);
-  }
-}
-
-void java_lang_StackTraceElement::decode_file_and_line(Handle java_class,
-                                                       InstanceKlass* holder,
-                                                       int version,
-                                                       const methodHandle& method,
-                                                       int bci,
-                                                       Symbol*& source,
-                                                       oop& source_file,
-                                                       int& line_number, TRAPS) {
-  // Fill in source file name and line number.
-  source = Backtrace::get_source_file_name(holder, version);
-  source_file = java_lang_Class::source_file(java_class());
-  if (source != nullptr) {
-    // Class was not redefined. We can trust its cache if set,
-    // else we have to initialize it.
-    if (source_file == nullptr) {
-      source_file = StringTable::intern(source, CHECK);
-      java_lang_Class::set_source_file(java_class(), source_file);
-    }
-  } else {
-    // Class was redefined. Dump the cache if it was set.
-    if (source_file != nullptr) {
-      source_file = nullptr;
-      java_lang_Class::set_source_file(java_class(), source_file);
-    }
-  }
-  line_number = Backtrace::get_line_number(method(), bci);
-}
-
-// java_lang_ClassFrameInfo
-
-int java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::_classOrMemberName_offset;
-int java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::_flags_offset;
-
-#define CLASSFRAMEINFO_FIELDS_DO(macro) \
-  macro(_classOrMemberName_offset, k, "classOrMemberName", object_signature,  false); \
-  macro(_flags_offset,             k, vmSymbols::flags_name(), int_signature, false)
-
-void java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::compute_offsets() {
-  InstanceKlass* k = vmClasses::ClassFrameInfo_klass();
-  CLASSFRAMEINFO_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_COMPUTE_OFFSET);
-}
-
-#if INCLUDE_CDS
-void java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) {
-  CLASSFRAMEINFO_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_SERIALIZE_OFFSET);
-}
-#endif
-
-static int get_flags(const methodHandle& m) {
-  int flags = m->access_flags().as_method_flags();
-  if (m->is_object_constructor()) {
-    flags |= java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_IS_OBJECT_CONSTRUCTOR;
-  } else {
-    // Note: Static initializers can be here. Record them as plain methods.
-    flags |= java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_IS_METHOD;
-  }
-  if (m->caller_sensitive()) {
-    flags |= java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_CALLER_SENSITIVE;
-  }
-  if (m->is_hidden()) {
-    flags |= java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_HIDDEN_MEMBER;
-  }
-  assert((flags & 0xFF000000) == 0, "unexpected flags");
-  return flags;
-}
-
-oop java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::classOrMemberName(oop obj) {
-  return obj->obj_field(_classOrMemberName_offset);
-}
-
-int java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::flags(oop obj) {
-  return obj->int_field(_flags_offset);
-}
-
-void java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::init_class(Handle stackFrame, const methodHandle& m) {
-  stackFrame->obj_field_put(_classOrMemberName_offset, m->method_holder()->java_mirror());
-  // flags is initialized when ClassFrameInfo object is constructed and retain the value
-  int flags = java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::flags(stackFrame()) | get_flags(m);
-  stackFrame->int_field_put(_flags_offset, flags);
-}
-
-void java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::init_method(Handle stackFrame, const methodHandle& m, TRAPS) {
-  oop rmethod_name = java_lang_invoke_ResolvedMethodName::find_resolved_method(m, CHECK);
-  stackFrame->obj_field_put(_classOrMemberName_offset, rmethod_name);
-  // flags is initialized when ClassFrameInfo object is constructed and retain the value
-  int flags = java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::flags(stackFrame()) | get_flags(m);
-  stackFrame->int_field_put(_flags_offset, flags);
-}
-
-
-// java_lang_StackFrameInfo
-
-int java_lang_StackFrameInfo::_type_offset;
-int java_lang_StackFrameInfo::_name_offset;
-int java_lang_StackFrameInfo::_bci_offset;
-int java_lang_StackFrameInfo::_version_offset;
-int java_lang_StackFrameInfo::_contScope_offset;
-
-#define STACKFRAMEINFO_FIELDS_DO(macro) \
-  macro(_type_offset,       k, "type",       object_signature,            false); \
-  macro(_name_offset,       k, "name",       string_signature,            false); \
-  macro(_bci_offset,        k, "bci",        int_signature,               false); \
-  macro(_contScope_offset,  k, "contScope",  continuationscope_signature, false)
-
-void java_lang_StackFrameInfo::compute_offsets() {
-  InstanceKlass* k = vmClasses::StackFrameInfo_klass();
-  STACKFRAMEINFO_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_COMPUTE_OFFSET);
-  STACKFRAMEINFO_INJECTED_FIELDS(INJECTED_FIELD_COMPUTE_OFFSET);
-}
-
-#if INCLUDE_CDS
-void java_lang_StackFrameInfo::serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) {
-  STACKFRAMEINFO_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_SERIALIZE_OFFSET);
-  STACKFRAMEINFO_INJECTED_FIELDS(INJECTED_FIELD_SERIALIZE_OFFSET);
-}
-#endif
-
-Method* java_lang_StackFrameInfo::get_method(oop obj) {
-  oop m = java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::classOrMemberName(obj);
-  Method* method = java_lang_invoke_ResolvedMethodName::vmtarget(m);
-  return method;
-}
-
-void java_lang_StackFrameInfo::set_method_and_bci(Handle stackFrame, const methodHandle& method, int bci, oop cont, TRAPS) {
-  // set Method* or mid/cpref
-  HandleMark hm(THREAD);
-  Handle cont_h(THREAD, cont);
-  java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::init_method(stackFrame, method, CHECK);
-
-  // set bci
-  java_lang_StackFrameInfo::set_bci(stackFrame(), bci);
-  // method may be redefined; store the version
-  int version = method->constants()->version();
-  assert((jushort)version == version, "version should be short");
-  java_lang_StackFrameInfo::set_version(stackFrame(), (short)version);
-
-  oop contScope = cont_h() != nullptr ? jdk_internal_vm_Continuation::scope(cont_h()) : (oop)nullptr;
-  java_lang_StackFrameInfo::set_contScope(stackFrame(), contScope);
-}
-
-void java_lang_StackFrameInfo::to_stack_trace_element(Handle stackFrame, Handle stack_trace_element, TRAPS) {
-  ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
-  HandleMark hm(THREAD);
-
-  Method* method = java_lang_StackFrameInfo::get_method(stackFrame());
-  InstanceKlass* holder = method->method_holder();
-  short version = stackFrame->short_field(_version_offset);
-  int bci = stackFrame->int_field(_bci_offset);
-  Symbol* name = method->name();
-  java_lang_StackTraceElement::fill_in(stack_trace_element, holder, methodHandle(THREAD, method), version, bci, name, CHECK);
-}
-
-oop java_lang_StackFrameInfo::type(oop obj) {
-  return obj->obj_field(_type_offset);
-}
-
-void java_lang_StackFrameInfo::set_type(oop obj, oop value) {
-  obj->obj_field_put(_type_offset, value);
-}
-
-oop java_lang_StackFrameInfo::name(oop obj) {
-  return obj->obj_field(_name_offset);
-}
-
-void java_lang_StackFrameInfo::set_name(oop obj, oop value) {
-  obj->obj_field_put(_name_offset, value);
-}
-
-void java_lang_StackFrameInfo::set_version(oop obj, short value) {
-  obj->short_field_put(_version_offset, value);
-}
-
-void java_lang_StackFrameInfo::set_bci(oop obj, int value) {
-  assert(value >= 0 && value < max_jushort, "must be a valid bci value");
-  obj->int_field_put(_bci_offset, value);
-}
-
-void java_lang_StackFrameInfo::set_contScope(oop obj, oop value) {
-  obj->obj_field_put(_contScope_offset, value);
-}
-
-int java_lang_LiveStackFrameInfo::_monitors_offset;
-int java_lang_LiveStackFrameInfo::_locals_offset;
-int java_lang_LiveStackFrameInfo::_operands_offset;
-int java_lang_LiveStackFrameInfo::_mode_offset;
-
-#define LIVESTACKFRAMEINFO_FIELDS_DO(macro) \
-  macro(_monitors_offset,   k, "monitors",    object_array_signature, false); \
-  macro(_locals_offset,     k, "locals",      object_array_signature, false); \
-  macro(_operands_offset,   k, "operands",    object_array_signature, false); \
-  macro(_mode_offset,       k, "mode",        int_signature,          false)
-
-void java_lang_LiveStackFrameInfo::compute_offsets() {
-  InstanceKlass* k = vmClasses::LiveStackFrameInfo_klass();
-  LIVESTACKFRAMEINFO_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_COMPUTE_OFFSET);
-}
-
-#if INCLUDE_CDS
-void java_lang_LiveStackFrameInfo::serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) {
-  LIVESTACKFRAMEINFO_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_SERIALIZE_OFFSET);
-}
-#endif
-
-void java_lang_LiveStackFrameInfo::set_monitors(oop obj, oop value) {
-  obj->obj_field_put(_monitors_offset, value);
-}
-
-void java_lang_LiveStackFrameInfo::set_locals(oop obj, oop value) {
-  obj->obj_field_put(_locals_offset, value);
-}
-
-void java_lang_LiveStackFrameInfo::set_operands(oop obj, oop value) {
-  obj->obj_field_put(_operands_offset, value);
-}
-
-void java_lang_LiveStackFrameInfo::set_mode(oop obj, int value) {
-  obj->int_field_put(_mode_offset, value);
-}
-
-
 // java_lang_AccessibleObject
 
 int java_lang_reflect_AccessibleObject::_override_offset;
@@ -4928,73 +3817,6 @@ void jdk_internal_misc_UnsafeConstants::set_unsafe_constants() {
   vmClasses::UnsafeConstants_klass()->do_local_static_fields(&fixup);
 }
 
-
-// java_lang_StackTraceElement
-
-int java_lang_StackTraceElement::_methodName_offset;
-int java_lang_StackTraceElement::_fileName_offset;
-int java_lang_StackTraceElement::_lineNumber_offset;
-int java_lang_StackTraceElement::_moduleName_offset;
-int java_lang_StackTraceElement::_moduleVersion_offset;
-int java_lang_StackTraceElement::_classLoaderName_offset;
-int java_lang_StackTraceElement::_declaringClass_offset;
-int java_lang_StackTraceElement::_declaringClassObject_offset;
-
-#define STACKTRACEELEMENT_FIELDS_DO(macro) \
-  macro(_declaringClassObject_offset,  k, "declaringClassObject", class_signature, false); \
-  macro(_classLoaderName_offset, k, "classLoaderName", string_signature, false); \
-  macro(_moduleName_offset,      k, "moduleName",      string_signature, false); \
-  macro(_moduleVersion_offset,   k, "moduleVersion",   string_signature, false); \
-  macro(_declaringClass_offset,  k, "declaringClass",  string_signature, false); \
-  macro(_methodName_offset,      k, "methodName",      string_signature, false); \
-  macro(_fileName_offset,        k, "fileName",        string_signature, false); \
-  macro(_lineNumber_offset,      k, "lineNumber",      int_signature,    false)
-
-// Support for java_lang_StackTraceElement
-void java_lang_StackTraceElement::compute_offsets() {
-  InstanceKlass* k = vmClasses::StackTraceElement_klass();
-  STACKTRACEELEMENT_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_COMPUTE_OFFSET);
-}
-
-#if INCLUDE_CDS
-void java_lang_StackTraceElement::serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) {
-  STACKTRACEELEMENT_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_SERIALIZE_OFFSET);
-}
-#endif
-
-void java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_fileName(oop element, oop value) {
-  element->obj_field_put(_fileName_offset, value);
-}
-
-void java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_declaringClass(oop element, oop value) {
-  element->obj_field_put(_declaringClass_offset, value);
-}
-
-void java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_methodName(oop element, oop value) {
-  element->obj_field_put(_methodName_offset, value);
-}
-
-void java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_lineNumber(oop element, int value) {
-  element->int_field_put(_lineNumber_offset, value);
-}
-
-void java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_moduleName(oop element, oop value) {
-  element->obj_field_put(_moduleName_offset, value);
-}
-
-void java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_moduleVersion(oop element, oop value) {
-  element->obj_field_put(_moduleVersion_offset, value);
-}
-
-void java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_classLoaderName(oop element, oop value) {
-  element->obj_field_put(_classLoaderName_offset, value);
-}
-
-void java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_declaringClassObject(oop element, oop value) {
-  element->obj_field_put(_declaringClassObject_offset, value);
-}
-
-
 // java_lang_AssertionStatusDirectives
 
 int java_lang_AssertionStatusDirectives::_classes_offset;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.hpp
index ac5e3668bcf..5b6b923bc7a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.hpp
@@ -625,84 +625,6 @@ class java_lang_VirtualThread : AllStatic {
   static ObjectMonitor* current_waiting_monitor(oop vthread);
 };
 
-
-// Interface to java.lang.Throwable objects
-
-class java_lang_Throwable: AllStatic {
-  friend class BacktraceBuilder;
-  friend class BacktraceIterator;
-
- private:
-  // Trace constants
-  enum {
-    trace_methods_offset = 0,
-    trace_bcis_offset    = 1,
-    trace_mirrors_offset = 2,
-    trace_names_offset   = 3,
-    trace_conts_offset   = 4,
-    trace_next_offset    = 5,
-    trace_hidden_offset  = 6,
-    trace_size           = 7,
-    trace_chunk_size     = 32
-  };
-
-  static int _backtrace_offset;
-  static int _detailMessage_offset;
-  static int _stackTrace_offset;
-  static int _depth_offset;
-  static int _cause_offset;
-  static int _static_unassigned_stacktrace_offset;
-
-  // StackTrace (programmatic access, new since 1.4)
-  static void clear_stacktrace(oop throwable);
-  // Stacktrace (post JDK 1.7.0 to allow immutability protocol to be followed)
-  static void set_stacktrace(oop throwable, oop st_element_array);
-  static oop unassigned_stacktrace();
-
- public:
-  // Backtrace
-  static refArrayOop backtrace(oop throwable);
-  static void set_backtrace(oop throwable, refArrayOop value);
-  static int depth(oop throwable);
-  static void set_depth(oop throwable, int value);
-  // Message
-  static int get_detailMessage_offset() { CHECK_INIT(_detailMessage_offset); }
-  static oop message(oop throwable);
-  static const char* message_as_utf8(oop throwable);
-  static void set_message(oop throwable, oop value);
-
-  static oop cause(oop throwable);
-
-  static void print_stack_element(outputStream *st, Method* method, int bci);
-
-  static void compute_offsets();
-  static void serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) NOT_CDS_RETURN;
-
-  // Allocate space for backtrace (created but stack trace not filled in)
-  static void allocate_backtrace(Handle throwable, TRAPS);
-  // Fill in current stack trace for throwable with preallocated backtrace (no GC)
-  static void fill_in_stack_trace_of_preallocated_backtrace(Handle throwable);
-  // Fill in current stack trace, can cause GC
-  static void fill_in_stack_trace(Handle throwable, const methodHandle& method, TRAPS);
-  static void fill_in_stack_trace(Handle throwable, const methodHandle& method = methodHandle());
-
-  // Programmatic access to stack trace
-  static void get_stack_trace_elements(int depth, Handle backtrace, refArrayHandle stack_trace, TRAPS);
-
-  // For recreating class initialization error exceptions.
-  static Handle create_initialization_error(JavaThread* current, Handle throwable);
-
-  // Printing
-  static void print(oop throwable, outputStream* st);
-  static void print_stack_trace(Handle throwable, outputStream* st);
-  static void java_printStackTrace(Handle throwable, TRAPS);
-  // Debugging
-  friend class JavaClasses;
-  // Gets the method and bci of the top frame (TOS). Returns false if this failed.
-  static bool get_top_method_and_bci(oop throwable, Method** method, int* bci);
-};
-
-
 // Interface to java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject objects
 
 class java_lang_reflect_AccessibleObject: AllStatic {
@@ -1547,142 +1469,6 @@ class java_lang_System : AllStatic {
   friend class JavaClasses;
 };
 
-
-// Interface to java.lang.StackTraceElement objects
-
-class java_lang_StackTraceElement: AllStatic {
- private:
-  static int _declaringClassObject_offset;
-  static int _classLoaderName_offset;
-  static int _moduleName_offset;
-  static int _moduleVersion_offset;
-  static int _declaringClass_offset;
-  static int _methodName_offset;
-  static int _fileName_offset;
-  static int _lineNumber_offset;
-
-  // Setters
-  static void set_classLoaderName(oop element, oop value);
-  static void set_moduleName(oop element, oop value);
-  static void set_moduleVersion(oop element, oop value);
-  static void set_declaringClass(oop element, oop value);
-  static void set_methodName(oop element, oop value);
-  static void set_fileName(oop element, oop value);
-  static void set_lineNumber(oop element, int value);
-  static void set_declaringClassObject(oop element, oop value);
-
-  static void decode_file_and_line(Handle java_mirror, InstanceKlass* holder, int version,
-                                   const methodHandle& method, int bci,
-                                   Symbol*& source, oop& source_file, int& line_number, TRAPS);
-
- public:
-  // Create an instance of StackTraceElement
-  static oop create(const methodHandle& method, int bci, TRAPS);
-
-  static void fill_in(Handle element, InstanceKlass* holder, const methodHandle& method,
-                      int version, int bci, Symbol* name, TRAPS);
-
-  static void compute_offsets();
-  static void serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) NOT_CDS_RETURN;
-
-  // Debugging
-  friend class JavaClasses;
-};
-
-
-class Backtrace: AllStatic {
- public:
-  // Helper backtrace functions to store bci|version together.
-  static int merge_bci_and_version(int bci, int version);
-  static int merge_mid_and_cpref(int mid, int cpref);
-  static int bci_at(unsigned int merged);
-  static int version_at(unsigned int merged);
-  static int mid_at(unsigned int merged);
-  static int cpref_at(unsigned int merged);
-  static int get_line_number(Method* method, int bci);
-  static Symbol* get_source_file_name(InstanceKlass* holder, int version);
-
-  // Debugging
-  friend class JavaClasses;
-};
-
-class java_lang_ClassFrameInfo: AllStatic {
-private:
-  static int _classOrMemberName_offset;
-  static int _flags_offset;
-
-public:
-  static oop  classOrMemberName(oop info);
-  static int  flags(oop info);
-
-  // Setters
-  static void init_class(Handle stackFrame, const methodHandle& m);
-  static void init_method(Handle stackFrame, const methodHandle& m, TRAPS);
-
-  static void compute_offsets();
-  static void serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) NOT_CDS_RETURN;
-
-  // Debugging
-  friend class JavaClasses;
-};
-
-// Interface to java.lang.StackFrameInfo objects
-
-#define STACKFRAMEINFO_INJECTED_FIELDS(macro)                      \
-  macro(java_lang_StackFrameInfo, version, short_signature, false)
-
-class java_lang_StackFrameInfo: AllStatic {
-private:
-  static int _type_offset;
-  static int _name_offset;
-  static int _bci_offset;
-  static int _version_offset;
-  static int _contScope_offset;
-
-public:
-  // Getters
-  static oop name(oop info);
-  static oop type(oop info);
-  static Method* get_method(oop info);
-
-  // Setters
-  static void set_method_and_bci(Handle stackFrame, const methodHandle& method, int bci, oop cont, TRAPS);
-  static void set_name(oop info, oop value);
-  static void set_type(oop info, oop value);
-  static void set_bci(oop info, int value);
-
-  static void set_version(oop info, short value);
-  static void set_contScope(oop info, oop value);
-
-  static void compute_offsets();
-  static void serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) NOT_CDS_RETURN;
-
-  static void to_stack_trace_element(Handle stackFrame, Handle stack_trace_element, TRAPS);
-
-  // Debugging
-  friend class JavaClasses;
-};
-
-class java_lang_LiveStackFrameInfo: AllStatic {
- private:
-  static int _monitors_offset;
-  static int _locals_offset;
-  static int _operands_offset;
-  static int _mode_offset;
-
- public:
-  static void set_monitors(oop info, oop value);
-  static void set_locals(oop info, oop value);
-  static void set_operands(oop info, oop value);
-  static void set_mode(oop info, int value);
-
-  static void compute_offsets();
-  static void serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) NOT_CDS_RETURN;
-
-  // Debugging
-  friend class JavaClasses;
-};
-
 // Interface to java.lang.reflect.RecordComponent objects
 
 class java_lang_reflect_RecordComponent: AllStatic {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp
index 7843126c870..049981fe9a2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -334,61 +334,4 @@ inline bool java_lang_Module::is_instance(oop obj) {
   return obj != nullptr && obj->klass() == vmClasses::Module_klass();
 }
 
-inline int Backtrace::merge_bci_and_version(int bci, int version) {
-  // only store u2 for version, checking for overflow.
-  if (version > USHRT_MAX || version < 0) version = USHRT_MAX;
-  assert((u2)bci == bci, "bci should be short");
-  return build_int_from_shorts((u2)version, (u2)bci);
-}
-
-inline int Backtrace::merge_mid_and_cpref(int mid, int cpref) {
-  // only store u2 for mid and cpref, checking for overflow.
-  assert((u2)mid == mid, "mid should be short");
-  assert((u2)cpref == cpref, "cpref should be short");
-  return build_int_from_shorts((u2)cpref, (u2)mid);
-}
-
-inline int Backtrace::bci_at(unsigned int merged) {
-  return extract_high_short_from_int(merged);
-}
-
-inline int Backtrace::version_at(unsigned int merged) {
-  return extract_low_short_from_int(merged);
-}
-
-inline int Backtrace::mid_at(unsigned int merged) {
-  return extract_high_short_from_int(merged);
-}
-
-inline int Backtrace::cpref_at(unsigned int merged) {
-  return extract_low_short_from_int(merged);
-}
-
-inline int Backtrace::get_line_number(Method* method, int bci) {
-  int line_number = 0;
-  if (method->is_native()) {
-    // Negative value different from -1 below, enabling Java code in
-    // class java.lang.StackTraceElement to distinguish "native" from
-    // "no LineNumberTable".  JDK tests for -2.
-    line_number = -2;
-  } else {
-    // Returns -1 if no LineNumberTable, and otherwise actual line number
-    line_number = method->line_number_from_bci(bci);
-  }
-  return line_number;
-}
-
-inline Symbol* Backtrace::get_source_file_name(InstanceKlass* holder, int version) {
-  // RedefineClasses() currently permits redefine operations to
-  // happen in parallel using a "last one wins" philosophy. That
-  // spec laxness allows the constant pool entry associated with
-  // the source_file_name_index for any older constant pool version
-  // to be unstable so we shouldn't try to use it.
-  if (holder->constants()->version() != version) {
-    return nullptr;
-  } else {
-    return holder->source_file_name();
-  }
-}
-
 #endif // SHARE_CLASSFILE_JAVACLASSES_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClassesImpl.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClassesImpl.hpp
index b0ca78bf0c9..bfb1daf893e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClassesImpl.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClassesImpl.hpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
 #include "cds/serializeClosure.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "runtime/continuationJavaClasses.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..00afb19ac3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,1288 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "classfile/javaClassesImpl.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
+#include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
+#include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
+#include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
+#include "code/debugInfo.hpp"
+#include "code/pcDesc.hpp"
+#include "logging/log.hpp"
+#include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
+#include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
+#include "memory/universe.hpp"
+#include "oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/method.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/refArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/symbol.hpp"
+#include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/continuationEntry.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/continuationJavaClasses.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
+#include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
+#include "runtime/safepointVerifiers.hpp"
+#include "runtime/vframe.inline.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
+#include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
+#include "utilities/preserveException.hpp"
+
+// Internal methods to compose bits of the backtrace in java_lang_Throwable
+class Backtrace: AllStatic {
+ public:
+  // Helper backtrace functions to store bci|version together.
+  static int merge_bci_and_version(int bci, int version);
+  static int merge_mid_and_cpref(int mid, int cpref);
+  static int bci_at(unsigned int merged);
+  static int version_at(unsigned int merged);
+  static int mid_at(unsigned int merged);
+  static int cpref_at(unsigned int merged);
+  static int get_line_number(Method* method, int bci);
+  static Symbol* get_source_file_name(InstanceKlass* holder, int version);
+};
+
+
+inline int Backtrace::merge_bci_and_version(int bci, int version) {
+  // only store u2 for version, checking for overflow.
+  if (version > USHRT_MAX || version < 0) version = USHRT_MAX;
+  assert((u2)bci == bci, "bci should be short");
+  return build_int_from_shorts((u2)version, (u2)bci);
+}
+
+inline int Backtrace::merge_mid_and_cpref(int mid, int cpref) {
+  // only store u2 for mid and cpref, checking for overflow.
+  assert((u2)mid == mid, "mid should be short");
+  assert((u2)cpref == cpref, "cpref should be short");
+  return build_int_from_shorts((u2)cpref, (u2)mid);
+}
+
+inline int Backtrace::bci_at(unsigned int merged) {
+  return extract_high_short_from_int(merged);
+}
+
+inline int Backtrace::version_at(unsigned int merged) {
+  return extract_low_short_from_int(merged);
+}
+
+inline int Backtrace::mid_at(unsigned int merged) {
+  return extract_high_short_from_int(merged);
+}
+
+inline int Backtrace::cpref_at(unsigned int merged) {
+  return extract_low_short_from_int(merged);
+}
+
+inline int Backtrace::get_line_number(Method* method, int bci) {
+  int line_number = 0;
+  if (method->is_native()) {
+    // Negative value different from -1 below, enabling Java code in
+    // class java.lang.StackTraceElement to distinguish "native" from
+    // "no LineNumberTable".  JDK tests for -2.
+    line_number = -2;
+  } else {
+    // Returns -1 if no LineNumberTable, and otherwise actual line number
+    line_number = method->line_number_from_bci(bci);
+  }
+  return line_number;
+}
+
+inline Symbol* Backtrace::get_source_file_name(InstanceKlass* holder, int version) {
+  // RedefineClasses() currently permits redefine operations to
+  // happen in parallel using a "last one wins" philosophy. That
+  // spec laxness allows the constant pool entry associated with
+  // the source_file_name_index for any older constant pool version
+  // to be unstable so we shouldn't try to use it.
+  if (holder->constants()->version() != version) {
+    return nullptr;
+  } else {
+    return holder->source_file_name();
+  }
+}
+
+// java_lang_Throwable
+
+int java_lang_Throwable::_backtrace_offset;
+int java_lang_Throwable::_detailMessage_offset;
+int java_lang_Throwable::_stackTrace_offset;
+int java_lang_Throwable::_depth_offset;
+int java_lang_Throwable::_cause_offset;
+int java_lang_Throwable::_static_unassigned_stacktrace_offset;
+
+#define THROWABLE_FIELDS_DO(macro) \
+  macro(_backtrace_offset,     k, "backtrace",     object_signature,                  false); \
+  macro(_detailMessage_offset, k, "detailMessage", string_signature,                  false); \
+  macro(_stackTrace_offset,    k, "stackTrace",    java_lang_StackTraceElement_array, false); \
+  macro(_depth_offset,         k, "depth",         int_signature,                     false); \
+  macro(_cause_offset,         k, "cause",         throwable_signature,               false); \
+  macro(_static_unassigned_stacktrace_offset, k, "UNASSIGNED_STACK", java_lang_StackTraceElement_array, true)
+
+void java_lang_Throwable::compute_offsets() {
+  InstanceKlass* k = vmClasses::Throwable_klass();
+  THROWABLE_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_COMPUTE_OFFSET);
+}
+
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+void java_lang_Throwable::serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) {
+  THROWABLE_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_SERIALIZE_OFFSET);
+}
+#endif
+
+oop java_lang_Throwable::unassigned_stacktrace() {
+  InstanceKlass* ik = vmClasses::Throwable_klass();
+  oop base = ik->static_field_base_raw();
+  return base->obj_field(_static_unassigned_stacktrace_offset);
+}
+
+refArrayOop java_lang_Throwable::backtrace(oop throwable) {
+  return (refArrayOop)throwable->obj_field_acquire(_backtrace_offset);
+}
+
+void java_lang_Throwable::set_backtrace(oop throwable, refArrayOop value) {
+  throwable->release_obj_field_put(_backtrace_offset, value);
+}
+
+int java_lang_Throwable::depth(oop throwable) {
+  return throwable->int_field(_depth_offset);
+}
+
+void java_lang_Throwable::set_depth(oop throwable, int value) {
+  throwable->int_field_put(_depth_offset, value);
+}
+
+oop java_lang_Throwable::message(oop throwable) {
+  return throwable->obj_field(_detailMessage_offset);
+}
+
+const char* java_lang_Throwable::message_as_utf8(oop throwable) {
+  oop msg = java_lang_Throwable::message(throwable);
+  const char* msg_utf8 = nullptr;
+  if (msg != nullptr) {
+    msg_utf8 = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(msg);
+  }
+  return msg_utf8;
+}
+
+oop java_lang_Throwable::cause(oop throwable) {
+  return throwable->obj_field(_cause_offset);
+}
+
+void java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oop throwable, oop value) {
+  throwable->obj_field_put(_detailMessage_offset, value);
+}
+
+
+void java_lang_Throwable::set_stacktrace(oop throwable, oop st_element_array) {
+  throwable->obj_field_put(_stackTrace_offset, st_element_array);
+}
+
+void java_lang_Throwable::clear_stacktrace(oop throwable) {
+  set_stacktrace(throwable, nullptr);
+}
+
+
+void java_lang_Throwable::print(oop throwable, outputStream* st) {
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  Klass* k = throwable->klass();
+  assert(k != nullptr, "just checking");
+  st->print("%s", k->external_name());
+  oop msg = message(throwable);
+  if (msg != nullptr) {
+    st->print(": %s", java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(msg));
+  }
+}
+
+// After this many redefines, the stack trace is unreliable.
+static inline bool version_matches(Method* method, int version) {
+  assert(version < USHRT_MAX, "version is too big");
+  return method != nullptr && (method->constants()->version() == version);
+}
+
+// This class provides a simple wrapper over the internal structure of
+// exception backtrace to insulate users of the backtrace from needing
+// to know what it looks like.
+// The code of this class is not GC safe. Allocations can only happen
+// in expand().
+class BacktraceBuilder: public StackObj {
+ friend class BacktraceIterator;
+ private:
+  refArrayHandle  _backtrace;
+  refArrayOop     _head;
+  typeArrayOop    _methods;
+  typeArrayOop    _bcis;
+  refArrayOop     _mirrors;
+  typeArrayOop    _names; // Needed to insulate method name against redefinition.
+  // True if the top frame of the backtrace is omitted because it shall be hidden.
+  bool            _has_hidden_top_frame;
+  int             _index;
+  NoSafepointVerifier _nsv;
+
+  enum {
+    trace_methods_offset = java_lang_Throwable::trace_methods_offset,
+    trace_bcis_offset    = java_lang_Throwable::trace_bcis_offset,
+    trace_mirrors_offset = java_lang_Throwable::trace_mirrors_offset,
+    trace_names_offset   = java_lang_Throwable::trace_names_offset,
+    trace_conts_offset   = java_lang_Throwable::trace_conts_offset,
+    trace_next_offset    = java_lang_Throwable::trace_next_offset,
+    trace_hidden_offset  = java_lang_Throwable::trace_hidden_offset,
+    trace_size           = java_lang_Throwable::trace_size,
+    trace_chunk_size     = java_lang_Throwable::trace_chunk_size
+  };
+
+  // get info out of chunks
+  static typeArrayOop get_methods(refArrayHandle chunk) {
+    typeArrayOop methods = typeArrayOop(chunk->obj_at(trace_methods_offset));
+    assert(methods != nullptr, "method array should be initialized in backtrace");
+    return methods;
+  }
+  static typeArrayOop get_bcis(refArrayHandle chunk) {
+    typeArrayOop bcis = typeArrayOop(chunk->obj_at(trace_bcis_offset));
+    assert(bcis != nullptr, "bci array should be initialized in backtrace");
+    return bcis;
+  }
+  static refArrayOop get_mirrors(refArrayHandle chunk) {
+    refArrayOop mirrors = refArrayOop(chunk->obj_at(trace_mirrors_offset));
+    assert(mirrors != nullptr, "mirror array should be initialized in backtrace");
+    return mirrors;
+  }
+  static typeArrayOop get_names(refArrayHandle chunk) {
+    typeArrayOop names = typeArrayOop(chunk->obj_at(trace_names_offset));
+    assert(names != nullptr, "names array should be initialized in backtrace");
+    return names;
+  }
+  static bool has_hidden_top_frame(refArrayHandle chunk) {
+    oop hidden = chunk->obj_at(trace_hidden_offset);
+    return hidden != nullptr;
+  }
+
+ public:
+
+  // constructor for new backtrace
+  BacktraceBuilder(TRAPS): _head(nullptr), _methods(nullptr), _bcis(nullptr), _mirrors(nullptr), _names(nullptr), _has_hidden_top_frame(false) {
+    expand(CHECK);
+    _backtrace = refArrayHandle(THREAD, _head);
+    _index = 0;
+  }
+
+  BacktraceBuilder(Thread* thread, refArrayHandle backtrace) {
+    _methods = get_methods(backtrace);
+    _bcis = get_bcis(backtrace);
+    _mirrors = get_mirrors(backtrace);
+    _names = get_names(backtrace);
+    _has_hidden_top_frame = has_hidden_top_frame(backtrace);
+    assert(_methods->length() == _bcis->length() &&
+           _methods->length() == _mirrors->length() &&
+           _mirrors->length() == _names->length(),
+           "method and source information arrays should match");
+
+    // head is the preallocated backtrace
+    _head = backtrace();
+    _backtrace = refArrayHandle(thread, _head);
+    _index = 0;
+  }
+
+  void expand(TRAPS) {
+    refArrayHandle old_head(THREAD, _head);
+    PauseNoSafepointVerifier pnsv(&_nsv);
+
+    refArrayOop head = oopFactory::new_objectArray(trace_size, CHECK);
+    refArrayHandle new_head(THREAD, head);
+
+    typeArrayOop methods = oopFactory::new_shortArray(trace_chunk_size, CHECK);
+    typeArrayHandle new_methods(THREAD, methods);
+
+    typeArrayOop bcis = oopFactory::new_intArray(trace_chunk_size, CHECK);
+    typeArrayHandle new_bcis(THREAD, bcis);
+
+    refArrayOop mirrors = oopFactory::new_objectArray(trace_chunk_size, CHECK);
+    refArrayHandle new_mirrors(THREAD, mirrors);
+
+    typeArrayOop names = oopFactory::new_symbolArray(trace_chunk_size, CHECK);
+    typeArrayHandle new_names(THREAD, names);
+
+    if (!old_head.is_null()) {
+      old_head->obj_at_put(trace_next_offset, new_head());
+    }
+    new_head->obj_at_put(trace_methods_offset, new_methods());
+    new_head->obj_at_put(trace_bcis_offset, new_bcis());
+    new_head->obj_at_put(trace_mirrors_offset, new_mirrors());
+    new_head->obj_at_put(trace_names_offset, new_names());
+    new_head->obj_at_put(trace_hidden_offset, nullptr);
+
+    _head    = new_head();
+    _methods = new_methods();
+    _bcis = new_bcis();
+    _mirrors = new_mirrors();
+    _names  = new_names();
+    _index = 0;
+  }
+
+  refArrayOop backtrace() {
+    return _backtrace();
+  }
+
+  inline void push(Method* method, int bci, TRAPS) {
+    // Smear the -1 bci to 0 since the array only holds unsigned
+    // shorts.  The later line number lookup would just smear the -1
+    // to a 0 even if it could be recorded.
+    if (bci == SynchronizationEntryBCI) bci = 0;
+
+    if (_index >= trace_chunk_size) {
+      methodHandle mhandle(THREAD, method);
+      expand(CHECK);
+      method = mhandle();
+    }
+
+    _methods->ushort_at_put(_index, method->orig_method_idnum());
+    _bcis->int_at_put(_index, Backtrace::merge_bci_and_version(bci, method->constants()->version()));
+
+    // Note:this doesn't leak symbols because the mirror in the backtrace keeps the
+    // klass owning the symbols alive so their refcounts aren't decremented.
+    Symbol* name = method->name();
+    _names->symbol_at_put(_index, name);
+
+    // We need to save the mirrors in the backtrace to keep the class
+    // from being unloaded while we still have this stack trace.
+    assert(method->method_holder()->java_mirror() != nullptr, "never push null for mirror");
+    _mirrors->obj_at_put(_index, method->method_holder()->java_mirror());
+
+    _index++;
+  }
+
+  void set_has_hidden_top_frame() {
+    if (!_has_hidden_top_frame) {
+      // It would be nice to add java/lang/Boolean::TRUE here
+      // to indicate that this backtrace has a hidden top frame.
+      // But this code is used before TRUE is allocated.
+      // Therefore let's just use an arbitrary legal oop
+      // available right here. _methods is a short[].
+      assert(_methods != nullptr, "we need a legal oop");
+      _has_hidden_top_frame = true;
+      _head->obj_at_put(trace_hidden_offset, _methods);
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+struct BacktraceElement : public StackObj {
+  int _method_id;
+  int _bci;
+  int _version;
+  Symbol* _name;
+  Handle _mirror;
+  BacktraceElement(Handle mirror, int mid, int version, int bci, Symbol* name) :
+                   _method_id(mid), _bci(bci), _version(version), _name(name), _mirror(mirror) {}
+};
+
+class BacktraceIterator : public StackObj {
+  int _index;
+  refArrayHandle  _result;
+  refArrayHandle  _mirrors;
+  typeArrayHandle _methods;
+  typeArrayHandle _bcis;
+  typeArrayHandle _names;
+
+  void init(refArrayHandle result, Thread* thread) {
+    // Get method id, bci, version and mirror from chunk
+    _result = result;
+    if (_result.not_null()) {
+      _methods = typeArrayHandle(thread, BacktraceBuilder::get_methods(_result));
+      _bcis = typeArrayHandle(thread, BacktraceBuilder::get_bcis(_result));
+      _mirrors = refArrayHandle(thread, BacktraceBuilder::get_mirrors(_result));
+      _names = typeArrayHandle(thread, BacktraceBuilder::get_names(_result));
+      _index = 0;
+    }
+  }
+ public:
+  BacktraceIterator(refArrayHandle result, Thread* thread) {
+    init(result, thread);
+    assert(_methods.is_null() || _methods->length() == java_lang_Throwable::trace_chunk_size, "lengths don't match");
+  }
+
+  BacktraceElement next(Thread* thread) {
+    BacktraceElement e (Handle(thread, _mirrors->obj_at(_index)),
+                        _methods->ushort_at(_index),
+                        Backtrace::version_at(_bcis->int_at(_index)),
+                        Backtrace::bci_at(_bcis->int_at(_index)),
+                        _names->symbol_at(_index));
+    _index++;
+
+    if (_index >= java_lang_Throwable::trace_chunk_size) {
+      int next_offset = java_lang_Throwable::trace_next_offset;
+      // Get next chunk
+      refArrayHandle result (thread, refArrayOop(_result->obj_at(next_offset)));
+      init(result, thread);
+    }
+    return e;
+  }
+
+  bool repeat() {
+    return _result.not_null() && _mirrors->obj_at(_index) != nullptr;
+  }
+};
+
+
+// Print stack trace element to the specified output stream.
+// The output is formatted into a stringStream and written to the outputStream in one step.
+static void print_stack_element_to_stream(outputStream* st, Handle mirror, int method_id,
+                                          int version, int bci, Symbol* name) {
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  stringStream ss;
+
+  InstanceKlass* holder = java_lang_Class::as_InstanceKlass(mirror());
+  const char* klass_name  = holder->external_name();
+  char* method_name = name->as_C_string();
+  ss.print("\tat %s.%s(", klass_name, method_name);
+
+  // Print module information
+  ModuleEntry* module = holder->module();
+  if (module->is_named()) {
+    char* module_name = module->name()->as_C_string();
+    if (module->version() != nullptr) {
+      char* module_version = module->version()->as_C_string();
+      ss.print("%s@%s/", module_name, module_version);
+    } else {
+      ss.print("%s/", module_name);
+    }
+  }
+
+  char* source_file_name = nullptr;
+  Symbol* source = Backtrace::get_source_file_name(holder, version);
+  if (source != nullptr) {
+    source_file_name = source->as_C_string();
+  }
+
+  // The method can be null if the requested class version is gone
+  Method* method = holder->method_with_orig_idnum(method_id, version);
+  if (!version_matches(method, version)) {
+    ss.print("Redefined)");
+  } else {
+    int line_number = Backtrace::get_line_number(method, bci);
+    if (line_number == -2) {
+      ss.print("Native Method)");
+    } else {
+      if (source_file_name != nullptr && (line_number != -1)) {
+        // Sourcename and linenumber
+        ss.print("%s:%d)", source_file_name, line_number);
+      } else if (source_file_name != nullptr) {
+        // Just sourcename
+        ss.print("%s)", source_file_name);
+      } else {
+        // Neither sourcename nor linenumber
+        ss.print("Unknown Source)");
+      }
+      nmethod* nm = method->code();
+      if (WizardMode && nm != nullptr) {
+        ss.print("(nmethod " INTPTR_FORMAT ")", p2i(nm));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  ss.cr();
+  st->print_raw(ss.freeze(), ss.size());
+}
+
+void java_lang_Throwable::print_stack_element(outputStream *st, Method* method, int bci) {
+  Handle mirror (Thread::current(),  method->method_holder()->java_mirror());
+  int method_id = method->orig_method_idnum();
+  int version = method->constants()->version();
+  print_stack_element_to_stream(st, mirror, method_id, version, bci, method->name());
+}
+
+/**
+ * Print the throwable message and its stack trace plus all causes by walking the
+ * cause chain.  The output looks the same as of Throwable.printStackTrace().
+ */
+void java_lang_Throwable::print_stack_trace(Handle throwable, outputStream* st) {
+  // First, print the message.
+  print(throwable(), st);
+  st->cr();
+
+  // Now print the stack trace.
+  JavaThread* THREAD = JavaThread::current(); // For exception macros.
+  while (throwable.not_null()) {
+    refArrayHandle result (THREAD, backtrace(throwable()));
+    if (result.is_null()) {
+      st->print_raw_cr("\t<<no stack trace available>>");
+      return;
+    }
+    BacktraceIterator iter(result, THREAD);
+
+    while (iter.repeat()) {
+      BacktraceElement bte = iter.next(THREAD);
+      print_stack_element_to_stream(st, bte._mirror, bte._method_id, bte._version, bte._bci, bte._name);
+    }
+    if (THREAD->can_call_java()) {
+      // Call getCause() which doesn't necessarily return the _cause field.
+      ExceptionMark em(THREAD);
+      JavaValue cause(T_OBJECT);
+      JavaCalls::call_virtual(&cause,
+                              throwable,
+                              throwable->klass(),
+                              vmSymbols::getCause_name(),
+                              vmSymbols::void_throwable_signature(),
+                              THREAD);
+      // Ignore any exceptions. we are in the middle of exception handling. Same as classic VM.
+      if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
+        CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+        throwable = Handle();
+      } else {
+        throwable = Handle(THREAD, cause.get_oop());
+        if (throwable.not_null()) {
+          st->print("Caused by: ");
+          print(throwable(), st);
+          st->cr();
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      st->print_raw_cr("<<cannot call Java to get cause>>");
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Print the throwable stack trace by calling the Java method java.lang.Throwable.printStackTrace().
+ */
+void java_lang_Throwable::java_printStackTrace(Handle throwable, TRAPS) {
+  assert(throwable->is_a(vmClasses::Throwable_klass()), "Throwable instance expected");
+  JavaValue result(T_VOID);
+  JavaCalls::call_virtual(&result,
+                          throwable,
+                          vmClasses::Throwable_klass(),
+                          vmSymbols::printStackTrace_name(),
+                          vmSymbols::void_method_signature(),
+                          THREAD);
+}
+
+void java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace(Handle throwable, const methodHandle& method, TRAPS) {
+  if (!StackTraceInThrowable) return;
+  ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+
+  // Start out by clearing the backtrace for this object, in case the VM
+  // runs out of memory while allocating the stack trace
+  set_backtrace(throwable(), nullptr);
+  // Clear lazily constructed Java level stacktrace if refilling occurs
+  // This is unnecessary in 1.7+ but harmless
+  clear_stacktrace(throwable());
+
+  int max_depth = MaxJavaStackTraceDepth;
+  JavaThread* thread = THREAD;
+
+  BacktraceBuilder bt(CHECK);
+
+  // If there is no Java frame just return the method that was being called
+  // with bci 0
+  if (!thread->has_last_Java_frame()) {
+    if (max_depth >= 1 && method() != nullptr) {
+      bt.push(method(), 0, CHECK);
+      log_info(stacktrace)("%s, %d", throwable->klass()->external_name(), 1);
+      set_depth(throwable(), 1);
+      set_backtrace(throwable(), bt.backtrace());
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Instead of using vframe directly, this version of fill_in_stack_trace
+  // basically handles everything by hand. This significantly improved the
+  // speed of this method call up to 28.5% on Solaris sparc. 27.1% on Windows.
+  // See bug 6333838 for  more details.
+  // The "ASSERT" here is to verify this method generates the exactly same stack
+  // trace as utilizing vframe.
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  vframeStream st(thread, false /* stop_at_java_call_stub */, false /* process_frames */);
+#endif
+  int total_count = 0;
+  RegisterMap map(thread,
+                  RegisterMap::UpdateMap::skip,
+                  RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::skip,
+                  RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::include);
+  int decode_offset = 0;
+  nmethod* nm = nullptr;
+  bool skip_fillInStackTrace_check = false;
+  bool skip_throwableInit_check = false;
+  bool skip_hidden = !ShowHiddenFrames;
+  bool show_carrier = ShowCarrierFrames;
+  ContinuationEntry* cont_entry = thread->last_continuation();
+  for (frame fr = thread->last_frame(); max_depth == 0 || max_depth != total_count;) {
+    Method* method = nullptr;
+    int bci = 0;
+
+    // Compiled java method case.
+    if (decode_offset != 0) {
+      DebugInfoReadStream stream(nm, decode_offset);
+      decode_offset = stream.read_int();
+      method = (Method*)nm->metadata_at(stream.read_int());
+      bci = stream.read_bci();
+    } else {
+      if (fr.is_first_frame()) break;
+
+      if (Continuation::is_continuation_enterSpecial(fr)) {
+        assert(cont_entry == Continuation::get_continuation_entry_for_entry_frame(thread, fr), "");
+        if (!show_carrier && cont_entry->is_virtual_thread()) {
+          break;
+        }
+        cont_entry = cont_entry->parent();
+      }
+
+      address pc = fr.pc();
+      if (fr.is_interpreted_frame()) {
+        address bcp;
+        if (!map.in_cont()) {
+          bcp = fr.interpreter_frame_bcp();
+          method = fr.interpreter_frame_method();
+        } else {
+          bcp = map.stack_chunk()->interpreter_frame_bcp(fr);
+          method = map.stack_chunk()->interpreter_frame_method(fr);
+        }
+        bci =  method->bci_from(bcp);
+        fr = fr.sender(&map);
+      } else {
+        CodeBlob* cb = fr.cb();
+        // HMMM QQQ might be nice to have frame return nm as null if cb is non-null
+        // but non nmethod
+        fr = fr.sender(&map);
+        if (cb == nullptr || !cb->is_nmethod()) {
+          continue;
+        }
+        nm = cb->as_nmethod();
+        assert(nm->method() != nullptr, "must be");
+        if (nm->method()->is_native()) {
+          method = nm->method();
+          bci = 0;
+        } else {
+          PcDesc* pd = nm->pc_desc_at(pc);
+          decode_offset = pd->scope_decode_offset();
+          // if decode_offset is not equal to 0, it will execute the
+          // "compiled java method case" at the beginning of the loop.
+          continue;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    if (!st.at_end()) { // TODO LOOM remove once we show only vthread trace
+      assert(st.method() == method && st.bci() == bci, "Wrong stack trace");
+      st.next();
+    }
+#endif
+
+    // the format of the stacktrace will be:
+    // - 1 or more fillInStackTrace frames for the exception class (skipped)
+    // - 0 or more <init> methods for the exception class (skipped)
+    // - rest of the stack
+
+    if (!skip_fillInStackTrace_check) {
+      if (method->name() == vmSymbols::fillInStackTrace_name() &&
+          throwable->is_a(method->method_holder())) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      else {
+        skip_fillInStackTrace_check = true; // gone past them all
+      }
+    }
+    if (!skip_throwableInit_check) {
+      assert(skip_fillInStackTrace_check, "logic error in backtrace filtering");
+
+      // skip <init> methods of the exception class and superclasses
+      // This is similar to classic VM.
+      if (method->is_object_constructor() &&
+          throwable->is_a(method->method_holder())) {
+        continue;
+      } else {
+        // there are none or we've seen them all - either way stop checking
+        skip_throwableInit_check = true;
+      }
+    }
+    if (method->is_hidden() || method->is_continuation_enter_intrinsic()) {
+      if (skip_hidden) {
+        if (total_count == 0) {
+          // The top frame will be hidden from the stack trace.
+          bt.set_has_hidden_top_frame();
+        }
+        continue;
+      }
+    }
+
+    bt.push(method, bci, CHECK);
+    total_count++;
+  }
+
+  log_info(stacktrace)("%s, %d", throwable->klass()->external_name(), total_count);
+
+  // Put completed stack trace into throwable object
+  set_backtrace(throwable(), bt.backtrace());
+  set_depth(throwable(), total_count);
+}
+
+void java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace(Handle throwable, const methodHandle& method) {
+  // No-op if stack trace is disabled
+  if (!StackTraceInThrowable) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Disable stack traces for some preallocated out of memory errors
+  if (!Universe::should_fill_in_stack_trace(throwable)) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  JavaThread* THREAD = JavaThread::current(); // For exception macros.
+  PreserveExceptionMark pm(THREAD);
+
+  fill_in_stack_trace(throwable, method, THREAD);
+  // Ignore exceptions thrown during stack trace filling (OOM) and reinstall the
+  // original exception via the PreserveExceptionMark destructor.
+  CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+}
+
+void java_lang_Throwable::allocate_backtrace(Handle throwable, TRAPS) {
+  // Allocate stack trace - backtrace is created but not filled in
+
+  // No-op if stack trace is disabled
+  if (!StackTraceInThrowable) return;
+  BacktraceBuilder bt(CHECK);   // creates a backtrace
+  set_backtrace(throwable(), bt.backtrace());
+}
+
+
+void java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace_of_preallocated_backtrace(Handle throwable) {
+  // Fill in stack trace into preallocated backtrace (no GC)
+
+  // No-op if stack trace is disabled
+  if (!StackTraceInThrowable) return;
+
+  assert(throwable->is_a(vmClasses::Throwable_klass()), "sanity check");
+
+  JavaThread* THREAD = JavaThread::current(); // For exception macros.
+
+  refArrayHandle backtrace(THREAD, java_lang_Throwable::backtrace(throwable()));
+  assert(backtrace.not_null(), "backtrace should have been preallocated");
+
+  ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+  vframeStream st(THREAD, false /* stop_at_java_call_stub */, false /* process_frames */);
+
+  BacktraceBuilder bt(THREAD, backtrace);
+
+  // Unlike fill_in_stack_trace we do not skip fillInStackTrace or throwable init
+  // methods as preallocated errors aren't created by "java" code.
+
+  // fill in as much stack trace as possible
+  int chunk_count = 0;
+  for (;!st.at_end(); st.next()) {
+    bt.push(st.method(), st.bci(), CHECK);
+    chunk_count++;
+
+    // Bail-out for deep stacks
+    if (chunk_count >= trace_chunk_size) break;
+  }
+  set_depth(throwable(), chunk_count);
+  log_info(stacktrace)("%s, %d", throwable->klass()->external_name(), chunk_count);
+
+  // We support the Throwable immutability protocol defined for Java 7.
+  java_lang_Throwable::set_stacktrace(throwable(), java_lang_Throwable::unassigned_stacktrace());
+  assert(java_lang_Throwable::unassigned_stacktrace() != nullptr, "not initialized");
+}
+
+void java_lang_Throwable::get_stack_trace_elements(int depth, Handle backtrace,
+                                                   refArrayHandle stack_trace_array_h, TRAPS) {
+
+  if (backtrace.is_null() || stack_trace_array_h.is_null()) {
+    THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
+  }
+
+  assert(stack_trace_array_h->is_refArray(), "Stack trace array should be an array of StackTraceElement");
+
+  if (stack_trace_array_h->length() != depth) {
+    THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_IndexOutOfBoundsException());
+  }
+
+  refArrayHandle result(THREAD, refArrayOop(backtrace()));
+  BacktraceIterator iter(result, THREAD);
+
+  int index = 0;
+  while (iter.repeat()) {
+    BacktraceElement bte = iter.next(THREAD);
+
+    Handle stack_trace_element(THREAD, stack_trace_array_h->obj_at(index++));
+
+    if (stack_trace_element.is_null()) {
+      THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
+    }
+
+    InstanceKlass* holder = java_lang_Class::as_InstanceKlass(bte._mirror());
+    methodHandle method (THREAD, holder->method_with_orig_idnum(bte._method_id, bte._version));
+
+    java_lang_StackTraceElement::fill_in(stack_trace_element, holder,
+                                         method,
+                                         bte._version,
+                                         bte._bci,
+                                         bte._name,
+                                         CHECK);
+  }
+}
+
+Handle java_lang_Throwable::create_initialization_error(JavaThread* current, Handle throwable) {
+  // Creates an ExceptionInInitializerError to be recorded as the initialization error when class initialization
+  // failed due to the passed in 'throwable'. We cannot save 'throwable' directly due to issues with keeping alive
+  // all objects referenced via its stacktrace. So instead we save a new EIIE instance, with the same message and
+  // symbolic stacktrace of 'throwable'.
+  assert(throwable.not_null(), "shouldn't be");
+
+  // Now create the message from the original exception and thread name.
+  ResourceMark rm(current);
+  const char *message = nullptr;
+  oop detailed_message = java_lang_Throwable::message(throwable());
+  if (detailed_message != nullptr) {
+    message = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(detailed_message);
+  }
+  stringStream st;
+  st.print("Exception %s%s ", throwable()->klass()->name()->as_klass_external_name(),
+             message == nullptr ? "" : ":");
+  if (message == nullptr) {
+    st.print("[in thread \"%s\"]", current->name());
+  } else {
+    st.print("%s [in thread \"%s\"]", message, current->name());
+  }
+
+  Symbol* exception_name = vmSymbols::java_lang_ExceptionInInitializerError();
+  Handle init_error = Exceptions::new_exception(current, exception_name, st.as_string());
+  // If new_exception returns a different exception while creating the exception,
+  // abandon the attempt to save the initialization error and return null.
+  if (init_error->klass()->name() != exception_name) {
+    log_info(class, init)("Exception %s thrown while saving initialization exception",
+                        init_error->klass()->external_name());
+    return Handle();
+  }
+
+  // Call to java to fill in the stack trace and clear declaringClassObject to
+  // not keep classes alive in the stack trace.
+  // call this:  public StackTraceElement[] getStackTrace()
+  JavaValue result(T_ARRAY);
+  JavaCalls::call_virtual(&result, throwable,
+                          vmClasses::Throwable_klass(),
+                          vmSymbols::getStackTrace_name(),
+                          vmSymbols::getStackTrace_signature(),
+                          current);
+  if (!current->has_pending_exception()){
+    Handle stack_trace(current, result.get_oop());
+    assert(stack_trace->is_refArray(), "Should be an array");
+    java_lang_Throwable::set_stacktrace(init_error(), stack_trace());
+    // Clear backtrace because the stacktrace should be used instead.
+    set_backtrace(init_error(), nullptr);
+  } else {
+    log_info(class, init)("Exception thrown while getting stack trace for initialization exception %s",
+                        init_error->klass()->external_name());
+    current->clear_pending_exception();
+  }
+
+  return init_error;
+}
+
+bool java_lang_Throwable::get_top_method_and_bci(oop throwable, Method** method, int* bci) {
+  JavaThread* current = JavaThread::current();
+  refArrayHandle result(current, backtrace(throwable));
+  BacktraceIterator iter(result, current);
+  // No backtrace available.
+  if (!iter.repeat()) return false;
+
+  // If the exception happened in a frame that has been hidden, i.e.,
+  // omitted from the back trace, we can not compute the message.
+  oop hidden = backtrace(throwable)->obj_at(trace_hidden_offset);
+  if (hidden != nullptr) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Get first backtrace element.
+  BacktraceElement bte = iter.next(current);
+
+  InstanceKlass* holder = java_lang_Class::as_InstanceKlass(bte._mirror());
+  assert(holder != nullptr, "first element should be non-null");
+  Method* m = holder->method_with_orig_idnum(bte._method_id, bte._version);
+
+  // Original version is no longer available.
+  if (m == nullptr || !version_matches(m, bte._version)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  *method = m;
+  *bci = bte._bci;
+  return true;
+}
+
+oop java_lang_StackTraceElement::create(const methodHandle& method, int bci, TRAPS) {
+  // Allocate java.lang.StackTraceElement instance
+  InstanceKlass* k = vmClasses::StackTraceElement_klass();
+  assert(k != nullptr, "must be loaded in 1.4+");
+  if (k->should_be_initialized()) {
+    k->initialize(CHECK_NULL);
+  }
+
+  Handle element = k->allocate_instance_handle(CHECK_NULL);
+
+  int version = method->constants()->version();
+  fill_in(element, method->method_holder(), method, version, bci, method->name(), CHECK_NULL);
+  return element();
+}
+
+void java_lang_StackTraceElement::fill_in(Handle element,
+                                          InstanceKlass* holder, const methodHandle& method,
+                                          int version, int bci, Symbol* name, TRAPS) {
+  assert(element->is_a(vmClasses::StackTraceElement_klass()), "sanity check");
+
+  ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+  HandleMark hm(THREAD);
+
+  // Fill in class name
+  Handle java_class(THREAD, holder->java_mirror());
+  oop classname = java_lang_Class::name(java_class, CHECK);
+  java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_declaringClass(element(), classname);
+  java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_declaringClassObject(element(), java_class());
+
+  oop loader = holder->class_loader();
+  if (loader != nullptr) {
+    oop loader_name = java_lang_ClassLoader::name(loader);
+    if (loader_name != nullptr)
+      java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_classLoaderName(element(), loader_name);
+  }
+
+  // Fill in method name
+  oop methodname = StringTable::intern(name, CHECK);
+  java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_methodName(element(), methodname);
+
+  // Fill in module name and version
+  ModuleEntry* module = holder->module();
+  if (module->is_named()) {
+    oop module_name = StringTable::intern(module->name(), CHECK);
+    java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_moduleName(element(), module_name);
+    oop module_version;
+    if (module->version() != nullptr) {
+      module_version = StringTable::intern(module->version(), CHECK);
+    } else {
+      module_version = nullptr;
+    }
+    java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_moduleVersion(element(), module_version);
+  }
+
+  if (method() == nullptr || !version_matches(method(), version)) {
+    // The method was redefined, accurate line number information isn't available
+    java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_fileName(element(), nullptr);
+    java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_lineNumber(element(), -1);
+  } else {
+    Symbol* source;
+    oop source_file;
+    int line_number;
+    decode_file_and_line(java_class, holder, version, method, bci, source, source_file, line_number, CHECK);
+
+    java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_fileName(element(), source_file);
+    java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_lineNumber(element(), line_number);
+  }
+}
+
+void java_lang_StackTraceElement::decode_file_and_line(Handle java_class,
+                                                       InstanceKlass* holder,
+                                                       int version,
+                                                       const methodHandle& method,
+                                                       int bci,
+                                                       Symbol*& source,
+                                                       oop& source_file,
+                                                       int& line_number, TRAPS) {
+  // Fill in source file name and line number.
+  source = Backtrace::get_source_file_name(holder, version);
+  source_file = java_lang_Class::source_file(java_class());
+  if (source != nullptr) {
+    // Class was not redefined. We can trust its cache if set,
+    // else we have to initialize it.
+    if (source_file == nullptr) {
+      source_file = StringTable::intern(source, CHECK);
+      java_lang_Class::set_source_file(java_class(), source_file);
+    }
+  } else {
+    // Class was redefined. Dump the cache if it was set.
+    if (source_file != nullptr) {
+      source_file = nullptr;
+      java_lang_Class::set_source_file(java_class(), source_file);
+    }
+  }
+  line_number = Backtrace::get_line_number(method(), bci);
+}
+
+// java_lang_ClassFrameInfo
+
+int java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::_classOrMemberName_offset;
+int java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::_flags_offset;
+
+#define CLASSFRAMEINFO_FIELDS_DO(macro) \
+  macro(_classOrMemberName_offset, k, "classOrMemberName", object_signature,  false); \
+  macro(_flags_offset,             k, vmSymbols::flags_name(), int_signature, false)
+
+void java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::compute_offsets() {
+  InstanceKlass* k = vmClasses::ClassFrameInfo_klass();
+  CLASSFRAMEINFO_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_COMPUTE_OFFSET);
+}
+
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+void java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) {
+  CLASSFRAMEINFO_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_SERIALIZE_OFFSET);
+}
+#endif
+
+static int get_flags(const methodHandle& m) {
+  int flags = m->access_flags().as_method_flags();
+  if (m->is_object_constructor()) {
+    flags |= java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_IS_OBJECT_CONSTRUCTOR;
+  } else {
+    // Note: Static initializers can be here. Record them as plain methods.
+    flags |= java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_IS_METHOD;
+  }
+  if (m->caller_sensitive()) {
+    flags |= java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_CALLER_SENSITIVE;
+  }
+  if (m->is_hidden()) {
+    flags |= java_lang_invoke_MemberName::MN_HIDDEN_MEMBER;
+  }
+  assert((flags & 0xFF000000) == 0, "unexpected flags");
+  return flags;
+}
+
+oop java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::classOrMemberName(oop obj) {
+  return obj->obj_field(_classOrMemberName_offset);
+}
+
+int java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::flags(oop obj) {
+  return obj->int_field(_flags_offset);
+}
+
+void java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::init_class(Handle stackFrame, const methodHandle& m) {
+  stackFrame->obj_field_put(_classOrMemberName_offset, m->method_holder()->java_mirror());
+  // flags is initialized when ClassFrameInfo object is constructed and retain the value
+  int flags = java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::flags(stackFrame()) | get_flags(m);
+  stackFrame->int_field_put(_flags_offset, flags);
+}
+
+void java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::init_method(Handle stackFrame, const methodHandle& m, TRAPS) {
+  oop rmethod_name = java_lang_invoke_ResolvedMethodName::find_resolved_method(m, CHECK);
+  stackFrame->obj_field_put(_classOrMemberName_offset, rmethod_name);
+  // flags is initialized when ClassFrameInfo object is constructed and retain the value
+  int flags = java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::flags(stackFrame()) | get_flags(m);
+  stackFrame->int_field_put(_flags_offset, flags);
+}
+
+
+// java_lang_StackFrameInfo
+
+int java_lang_StackFrameInfo::_type_offset;
+int java_lang_StackFrameInfo::_name_offset;
+int java_lang_StackFrameInfo::_bci_offset;
+int java_lang_StackFrameInfo::_version_offset;
+int java_lang_StackFrameInfo::_contScope_offset;
+
+#define STACKFRAMEINFO_FIELDS_DO(macro) \
+  macro(_type_offset,       k, "type",       object_signature,            false); \
+  macro(_name_offset,       k, "name",       string_signature,            false); \
+  macro(_bci_offset,        k, "bci",        int_signature,               false); \
+  macro(_contScope_offset,  k, "contScope",  continuationscope_signature, false)
+
+void java_lang_StackFrameInfo::compute_offsets() {
+  InstanceKlass* k = vmClasses::StackFrameInfo_klass();
+  STACKFRAMEINFO_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_COMPUTE_OFFSET);
+  STACKFRAMEINFO_INJECTED_FIELDS(INJECTED_FIELD_COMPUTE_OFFSET);
+}
+
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+void java_lang_StackFrameInfo::serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) {
+  STACKFRAMEINFO_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_SERIALIZE_OFFSET);
+  STACKFRAMEINFO_INJECTED_FIELDS(INJECTED_FIELD_SERIALIZE_OFFSET);
+}
+#endif
+
+Method* java_lang_StackFrameInfo::get_method(oop obj) {
+  oop m = java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::classOrMemberName(obj);
+  Method* method = java_lang_invoke_ResolvedMethodName::vmtarget(m);
+  return method;
+}
+
+void java_lang_StackFrameInfo::set_method_and_bci(Handle stackFrame, const methodHandle& method, int bci, oop cont, TRAPS) {
+  // set Method* or mid/cpref
+  HandleMark hm(THREAD);
+  Handle cont_h(THREAD, cont);
+  java_lang_ClassFrameInfo::init_method(stackFrame, method, CHECK);
+
+  // set bci
+  java_lang_StackFrameInfo::set_bci(stackFrame(), bci);
+  // method may be redefined; store the version
+  int version = method->constants()->version();
+  assert((jushort)version == version, "version should be short");
+  java_lang_StackFrameInfo::set_version(stackFrame(), (short)version);
+
+  oop contScope = cont_h() != nullptr ? jdk_internal_vm_Continuation::scope(cont_h()) : (oop)nullptr;
+  java_lang_StackFrameInfo::set_contScope(stackFrame(), contScope);
+}
+
+void java_lang_StackFrameInfo::to_stack_trace_element(Handle stackFrame, Handle stack_trace_element, TRAPS) {
+  ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+  HandleMark hm(THREAD);
+
+  Method* method = java_lang_StackFrameInfo::get_method(stackFrame());
+  InstanceKlass* holder = method->method_holder();
+  short version = stackFrame->short_field(_version_offset);
+  int bci = stackFrame->int_field(_bci_offset);
+  Symbol* name = method->name();
+  java_lang_StackTraceElement::fill_in(stack_trace_element, holder, methodHandle(THREAD, method), version, bci, name, CHECK);
+}
+
+oop java_lang_StackFrameInfo::type(oop obj) {
+  return obj->obj_field(_type_offset);
+}
+
+void java_lang_StackFrameInfo::set_type(oop obj, oop value) {
+  obj->obj_field_put(_type_offset, value);
+}
+
+oop java_lang_StackFrameInfo::name(oop obj) {
+  return obj->obj_field(_name_offset);
+}
+
+void java_lang_StackFrameInfo::set_name(oop obj, oop value) {
+  obj->obj_field_put(_name_offset, value);
+}
+
+void java_lang_StackFrameInfo::set_version(oop obj, short value) {
+  obj->short_field_put(_version_offset, value);
+}
+
+void java_lang_StackFrameInfo::set_bci(oop obj, int value) {
+  assert(value >= 0 && value < max_jushort, "must be a valid bci value");
+  obj->int_field_put(_bci_offset, value);
+}
+
+void java_lang_StackFrameInfo::set_contScope(oop obj, oop value) {
+  obj->obj_field_put(_contScope_offset, value);
+}
+
+int java_lang_LiveStackFrameInfo::_monitors_offset;
+int java_lang_LiveStackFrameInfo::_locals_offset;
+int java_lang_LiveStackFrameInfo::_operands_offset;
+int java_lang_LiveStackFrameInfo::_mode_offset;
+
+#define LIVESTACKFRAMEINFO_FIELDS_DO(macro) \
+  macro(_monitors_offset,   k, "monitors",    object_array_signature, false); \
+  macro(_locals_offset,     k, "locals",      object_array_signature, false); \
+  macro(_operands_offset,   k, "operands",    object_array_signature, false); \
+  macro(_mode_offset,       k, "mode",        int_signature,          false)
+
+void java_lang_LiveStackFrameInfo::compute_offsets() {
+  InstanceKlass* k = vmClasses::LiveStackFrameInfo_klass();
+  LIVESTACKFRAMEINFO_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_COMPUTE_OFFSET);
+}
+
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+void java_lang_LiveStackFrameInfo::serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) {
+  LIVESTACKFRAMEINFO_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_SERIALIZE_OFFSET);
+}
+#endif
+
+void java_lang_LiveStackFrameInfo::set_monitors(oop obj, oop value) {
+  obj->obj_field_put(_monitors_offset, value);
+}
+
+void java_lang_LiveStackFrameInfo::set_locals(oop obj, oop value) {
+  obj->obj_field_put(_locals_offset, value);
+}
+
+void java_lang_LiveStackFrameInfo::set_operands(oop obj, oop value) {
+  obj->obj_field_put(_operands_offset, value);
+}
+
+void java_lang_LiveStackFrameInfo::set_mode(oop obj, int value) {
+  obj->int_field_put(_mode_offset, value);
+}
+
+
+// java_lang_StackTraceElement
+
+int java_lang_StackTraceElement::_methodName_offset;
+int java_lang_StackTraceElement::_fileName_offset;
+int java_lang_StackTraceElement::_lineNumber_offset;
+int java_lang_StackTraceElement::_moduleName_offset;
+int java_lang_StackTraceElement::_moduleVersion_offset;
+int java_lang_StackTraceElement::_classLoaderName_offset;
+int java_lang_StackTraceElement::_declaringClass_offset;
+int java_lang_StackTraceElement::_declaringClassObject_offset;
+
+#define STACKTRACEELEMENT_FIELDS_DO(macro) \
+  macro(_declaringClassObject_offset,  k, "declaringClassObject", class_signature, false); \
+  macro(_classLoaderName_offset, k, "classLoaderName", string_signature, false); \
+  macro(_moduleName_offset,      k, "moduleName",      string_signature, false); \
+  macro(_moduleVersion_offset,   k, "moduleVersion",   string_signature, false); \
+  macro(_declaringClass_offset,  k, "declaringClass",  string_signature, false); \
+  macro(_methodName_offset,      k, "methodName",      string_signature, false); \
+  macro(_fileName_offset,        k, "fileName",        string_signature, false); \
+  macro(_lineNumber_offset,      k, "lineNumber",      int_signature,    false)
+
+// Support for java_lang_StackTraceElement
+void java_lang_StackTraceElement::compute_offsets() {
+  InstanceKlass* k = vmClasses::StackTraceElement_klass();
+  STACKTRACEELEMENT_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_COMPUTE_OFFSET);
+}
+
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+void java_lang_StackTraceElement::serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) {
+  STACKTRACEELEMENT_FIELDS_DO(FIELD_SERIALIZE_OFFSET);
+}
+#endif
+
+void java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_fileName(oop element, oop value) {
+  element->obj_field_put(_fileName_offset, value);
+}
+
+void java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_declaringClass(oop element, oop value) {
+  element->obj_field_put(_declaringClass_offset, value);
+}
+
+void java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_methodName(oop element, oop value) {
+  element->obj_field_put(_methodName_offset, value);
+}
+
+void java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_lineNumber(oop element, int value) {
+  element->int_field_put(_lineNumber_offset, value);
+}
+
+void java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_moduleName(oop element, oop value) {
+  element->obj_field_put(_moduleName_offset, value);
+}
+
+void java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_moduleVersion(oop element, oop value) {
+  element->obj_field_put(_moduleVersion_offset, value);
+}
+
+void java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_classLoaderName(oop element, oop value) {
+  element->obj_field_put(_classLoaderName_offset, value);
+}
+
+void java_lang_StackTraceElement::set_declaringClassObject(oop element, oop value) {
+  element->obj_field_put(_declaringClassObject_offset, value);
+}
+
+
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e4466b625d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_CLASSFILE_JAVASTACKTRACECLASSES_HPP
+#define SHARE_CLASSFILE_JAVASTACKTRACECLASSES_HPP
+
+#include "runtime/handles.hpp"
+#include "utilities/macros.hpp"
+
+class InstanceKlass;
+class JavaThread;
+class Method;
+class outputStream;
+class SerializeClosure;
+class Symbol;
+
+#define CHECK_INIT(offset)  assert(offset != 0, "should be initialized"); return offset;
+
+// Interface to java.lang.Throwable objects
+
+class java_lang_Throwable: AllStatic {
+  friend class BacktraceBuilder;
+  friend class BacktraceIterator;
+
+ private:
+  // Trace constants
+  enum {
+    trace_methods_offset = 0,
+    trace_bcis_offset    = 1,
+    trace_mirrors_offset = 2,
+    trace_names_offset   = 3,
+    trace_conts_offset   = 4,
+    trace_next_offset    = 5,
+    trace_hidden_offset  = 6,
+    trace_size           = 7,
+    trace_chunk_size     = 32
+  };
+
+  static int _backtrace_offset;
+  static int _detailMessage_offset;
+  static int _stackTrace_offset;
+  static int _depth_offset;
+  static int _cause_offset;
+  static int _static_unassigned_stacktrace_offset;
+
+  // StackTrace (programmatic access, new since 1.4)
+  static void clear_stacktrace(oop throwable);
+  // Stacktrace (post JDK 1.7.0 to allow immutability protocol to be followed)
+  static void set_stacktrace(oop throwable, oop st_element_array);
+  static oop unassigned_stacktrace();
+
+ public:
+  // Backtrace
+  static refArrayOop backtrace(oop throwable);
+  static void set_backtrace(oop throwable, refArrayOop value);
+  static int depth(oop throwable);
+  static void set_depth(oop throwable, int value);
+  // Message
+  static int get_detailMessage_offset() { CHECK_INIT(_detailMessage_offset); }
+  static oop message(oop throwable);
+  static const char* message_as_utf8(oop throwable);
+  static void set_message(oop throwable, oop value);
+
+  static oop cause(oop throwable);
+
+  static void print_stack_element(outputStream *st, Method* method, int bci);
+
+  static void compute_offsets();
+  static void serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) NOT_CDS_RETURN;
+
+  // Allocate space for backtrace (created but stack trace not filled in)
+  static void allocate_backtrace(Handle throwable, TRAPS);
+  // Fill in current stack trace for throwable with preallocated backtrace (no GC)
+  static void fill_in_stack_trace_of_preallocated_backtrace(Handle throwable);
+  // Fill in current stack trace, can cause GC
+  static void fill_in_stack_trace(Handle throwable, const methodHandle& method, TRAPS);
+  static void fill_in_stack_trace(Handle throwable, const methodHandle& method = methodHandle());
+
+  // Programmatic access to stack trace
+  static void get_stack_trace_elements(int depth, Handle backtrace, refArrayHandle stack_trace, TRAPS);
+
+  // For recreating class initialization error exceptions.
+  static Handle create_initialization_error(JavaThread* current, Handle throwable);
+
+  // Printing
+  static void print(oop throwable, outputStream* st);
+  static void print_stack_trace(Handle throwable, outputStream* st);
+  static void java_printStackTrace(Handle throwable, TRAPS);
+  // Gets the method and bci of the top frame (TOS). Returns false if this failed.
+  static bool get_top_method_and_bci(oop throwable, Method** method, int* bci);
+
+  // Debugging
+  friend class JavaClasses;
+};
+
+// Interface to java.lang.StackTraceElement objects
+
+class java_lang_StackTraceElement: AllStatic {
+ private:
+  static int _declaringClassObject_offset;
+  static int _classLoaderName_offset;
+  static int _moduleName_offset;
+  static int _moduleVersion_offset;
+  static int _declaringClass_offset;
+  static int _methodName_offset;
+  static int _fileName_offset;
+  static int _lineNumber_offset;
+
+  // Setters
+  static void set_classLoaderName(oop element, oop value);
+  static void set_moduleName(oop element, oop value);
+  static void set_moduleVersion(oop element, oop value);
+  static void set_declaringClass(oop element, oop value);
+  static void set_methodName(oop element, oop value);
+  static void set_fileName(oop element, oop value);
+  static void set_lineNumber(oop element, int value);
+  static void set_declaringClassObject(oop element, oop value);
+
+  static void decode_file_and_line(Handle java_mirror, InstanceKlass* holder, int version,
+                                   const methodHandle& method, int bci,
+                                   Symbol*& source, oop& source_file, int& line_number, TRAPS);
+
+ public:
+  // Create an instance of StackTraceElement
+  static oop create(const methodHandle& method, int bci, TRAPS);
+
+  static void fill_in(Handle element, InstanceKlass* holder, const methodHandle& method,
+                      int version, int bci, Symbol* name, TRAPS);
+
+  static void compute_offsets();
+  static void serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) NOT_CDS_RETURN;
+};
+
+class java_lang_ClassFrameInfo: AllStatic {
+private:
+  static int _classOrMemberName_offset;
+  static int _flags_offset;
+
+public:
+  static oop  classOrMemberName(oop info);
+  static int  flags(oop info);
+
+  // Setters
+  static void init_class(Handle stackFrame, const methodHandle& m);
+  static void init_method(Handle stackFrame, const methodHandle& m, TRAPS);
+
+  static void compute_offsets();
+  static void serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) NOT_CDS_RETURN;
+};
+
+// Interface to java.lang.StackFrameInfo objects
+
+#define STACKFRAMEINFO_INJECTED_FIELDS(macro)                      \
+  macro(java_lang_StackFrameInfo, version, short_signature, false)
+
+class java_lang_StackFrameInfo: AllStatic {
+private:
+  static int _type_offset;
+  static int _name_offset;
+  static int _bci_offset;
+  static int _version_offset;
+  static int _contScope_offset;
+
+public:
+  // Getters
+  static oop name(oop info);
+  static oop type(oop info);
+  static Method* get_method(oop info);
+
+  // Setters
+  static void set_method_and_bci(Handle stackFrame, const methodHandle& method, int bci, oop cont, TRAPS);
+  static void set_name(oop info, oop value);
+  static void set_type(oop info, oop value);
+  static void set_bci(oop info, int value);
+
+  static void set_version(oop info, short value);
+  static void set_contScope(oop info, oop value);
+
+  static void compute_offsets();
+  static void serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) NOT_CDS_RETURN;
+
+  static void to_stack_trace_element(Handle stackFrame, Handle stack_trace_element, TRAPS);
+};
+
+class java_lang_LiveStackFrameInfo: AllStatic {
+ private:
+  static int _monitors_offset;
+  static int _locals_offset;
+  static int _operands_offset;
+  static int _mode_offset;
+
+ public:
+  static void set_monitors(oop info, oop value);
+  static void set_locals(oop info, oop value);
+  static void set_operands(oop info, oop value);
+  static void set_mode(oop info, int value);
+
+  static void compute_offsets();
+  static void serialize_offsets(SerializeClosure* f) NOT_CDS_RETURN;
+};
+
+#undef CHECK_INIT
+
+#endif // SHARE_CLASSFILE_JAVASTACKTRACECLASSES_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verifier.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verifier.cpp
index 2d85c6ae343..5f454b7f679 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verifier.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verifier.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include "classfile/classFileStream.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/stackMapFrame.hpp"
 #include "classfile/stackMapTable.hpp"
 #include "classfile/stackMapTableFormat.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/interpreterRuntime.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/interpreterRuntime.cpp
index a27891d14be..37368279f5c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/interpreterRuntime.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/interpreterRuntime.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/dcmd/jfrDcmds.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/dcmd/jfrDcmds.cpp
index 4cf8e3295dd..e7187ed394f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/dcmd/jfrDcmds.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/dcmd/jfrDcmds.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
 #include "jfr/dcmd/jfrDcmds.hpp"
 #include "jfr/jfr.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/instrumentation/jfrClassTransformer.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/instrumentation/jfrClassTransformer.cpp
index aa3b14e32f1..ed478509f1f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/instrumentation/jfrClassTransformer.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/instrumentation/jfrClassTransformer.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include "classfile/classFileStream.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classLoadInfo.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
 #include "jfr/instrumentation/jfrClassTransformer.hpp"
 #include "jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/traceid/jfrTraceId.inline.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/instrumentation/jfrEventClassTransformer.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/instrumentation/jfrEventClassTransformer.cpp
index 27accac2c00..846df3e1705 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/instrumentation/jfrEventClassTransformer.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/instrumentation/jfrEventClassTransformer.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include "classfile/classFileParser.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classFileStream.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
 #include "classfile/modules.hpp"
 #include "classfile/stackMapTable.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/jfrRecorder.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/jfrRecorder.cpp
index bb17b1d0eec..e7623cb9e3f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/jfrRecorder.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/jfrRecorder.cpp
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
-#include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "jfr/dcmd/jfrDcmds.hpp"
 #include "jfr/instrumentation/jfrJvmtiAgent.hpp"
 #include "jfr/jni/jfrJavaSupport.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/service/jfrOptionSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/service/jfrOptionSet.cpp
index bdd42ba881e..451b6d8b015 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/service/jfrOptionSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/service/jfrOptionSet.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 
 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "jfr/dcmd/jfrDcmds.hpp"
 #include "jfr/periodic/jfrRedactedEvents.hpp"
 #include "jfr/recorder/service/jfrMemorySizer.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/memory/universe.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/memory/universe.cpp
index 9ace5daada0..8d88b49f4a0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/memory/universe.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/memory/universe.cpp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataShared.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.cpp
index 861b97e7000..4bba6c5ced7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.cpp
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/metadataOnStackMark.hpp"
 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/cpCache.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/cpCache.cpp
index f8cf1cc6aad..4b8bcb8e0ef 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/cpCache.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/cpCache.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include "cds/archiveBuilder.hpp"
 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
 #include "cds/heapShared.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/resolutionErrors.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionaryShared.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
index ec74f005e44..ef5705b0568 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.inline.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionaryShared.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp
index 1c4d96c6526..ad9d6e675e0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "ci/ciObjArray.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciUtilities.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compileLog.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/c2/barrierSetC2.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvm.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvm.cpp
index 3f0f247d454..4395df835f8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvm.cpp
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
 #include "classfile/classLoadInfo.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaAssertions.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
 #include "classfile/modules.hpp"
 #include "classfile/packageEntry.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiExport.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiExport.cpp
index d5ce83ab61a..fd437660196 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiExport.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiExport.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 
 #include "cds/aotThread.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiRedefineClasses.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiRedefineClasses.cpp
index 2ae66747bb6..aea0c6c32f8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiRedefineClasses.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiRedefineClasses.cpp
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classLoadInfo.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/klassFactory.hpp"
 #include "classfile/metadataOnStackMark.hpp"
 #include "classfile/stackMapTable.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiTagMap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiTagMap.cpp
index 3b20628af95..d7b029db447 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiTagMap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiTagMap.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 
 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/stackwalk.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/stackwalk.cpp
index 345444840ef..dad83146929 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/stackwalk.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/stackwalk.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
 #include "logging/log.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/upcallLinker.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/upcallLinker.cpp
index 4a7c613123c..10e1f98e991 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/upcallLinker.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/upcallLinker.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compilationPolicy.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/java.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/java.cpp
index 776996ceb80..8578dd171ee 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/java.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/java.cpp
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classPrinter.hpp"
-#include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp
index 12ef44c9b34..0116b6baa2b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include "cds/dynamicArchive.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciEnv.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaThreadStatus.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
index 31a8b142157..69eb85a5c35 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
 #include "classfile/compactHashtable.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/services/attachListener.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/services/attachListener.cpp
index b4e9bd88c1b..04f1f38d73d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/services/attachListener.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/services/attachListener.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/gcVMOperations.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/services/diagnosticCommand.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/services/diagnosticCommand.cpp
index a037050cc3b..7d8d291641e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/services/diagnosticCommand.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/services/diagnosticCommand.cpp
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "classfile/classLoaderHierarchyDCmd.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classLoaderStats.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp
index 57efe4ad768..e74d1bf79c2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/exceptions.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/exceptions.cpp
index d516c086bd8..0c08f943231 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/exceptions.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/exceptions.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
+#include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"

From 6ca70ae07bcaddcddbb1d4592e4bb8ca3094f1e4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Marc Chevalier <mchevalier@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 12:33:51 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 427/707] 8389130: [lworld] Compiled frame walking is slow due
 to scalarized calling convention handling

Reviewed-by: thartmann, fparain
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.cpp     | 46 ---------------
 .../cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.inline.hpp      | 58 +++++++++++++++++--
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.cpp             | 35 -----------
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.hpp             |  6 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.inline.hpp      | 48 +++++++++++++--
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp                |  6 +-
 src/hotspot/share/code/nmethod.hpp            | 30 +++++-----
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.hpp           |  4 +-
 .../exceptions/TestStackWalkPerf.java         | 57 ++++++++++++++++++
 9 files changed, 175 insertions(+), 115 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/exceptions/TestStackWalkPerf.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.cpp
index dc8c9536430..bbfd8528299 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.cpp
@@ -793,52 +793,6 @@ frame::frame(void* sp, void* fp, void* pc) {
 
 #endif
 
-// Check for a method with scalarized inline type arguments that needs
-// a stack repair and return the repaired sender stack pointer.
-intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(intptr_t* sender_sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) const {
-  nmethod* nm = _cb->as_nmethod_or_null();
-  if (nm != nullptr && nm->needs_stack_repair()) {
-    // The stack increment resides just below the saved FP on the stack and
-    // records the total frame size excluding the two words for saving FP and LR
-    // (see MacroAssembler::remove_frame).
-    intptr_t* sp_inc_addr = (intptr_t*) (saved_fp_addr - 1);
-    assert(*sp_inc_addr % StackAlignmentInBytes == 0, "sp_inc not aligned");
-    int real_frame_size = (*sp_inc_addr / wordSize) + metadata_words_at_bottom;
-    assert(real_frame_size >= _cb->frame_size() && real_frame_size <= 1000000, "invalid frame size");
-    sender_sp = unextended_sp() + real_frame_size;
-  }
-  return sender_sp;
-}
-
-// See comment in MacroAssembler::remove_frame
-frame::CompiledFramePointers frame::compiled_frame_details() const {
-  // we cannot rely upon the last fp having been saved to the thread
-  // in C2 code but it will have been pushed onto the stack. so we
-  // have to find it relative to the unextended sp
-
-  assert(_cb->frame_size() > 0, "must have non-zero frame size");
-
-  // if need stack repair: the bottom of the fake frame, under LR #2
-  // else the bottom of the frame
-  intptr_t* l_sender_sp = (!PreserveFramePointer || _sp_is_trusted)
-      ? unextended_sp() + _cb->frame_size()
-      : sender_sp();
-
-  assert(!_sp_is_trusted || l_sender_sp == real_fp(), "");
-
-  // the actual bottom of the frame. This actually changes something if the frame needs stack repair
-  l_sender_sp = repair_sender_sp(l_sender_sp, (intptr_t**)(l_sender_sp - frame::sender_sp_offset));
-
-  // From the sender's sp, we can locate the real saved lr (x30) and rfp (x29): they are
-  // immediately above, no matter if the stack was extended or not
-  CompiledFramePointers cfp;
-  cfp.sender_sp = l_sender_sp;
-  cfp.saved_fp_addr = (intptr_t**)(l_sender_sp - frame::sender_sp_offset);
-  cfp.sender_pc_addr = (address*)(l_sender_sp - frame::return_addr_offset);
-
-  return cfp;
-}
-
 intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(nmethod* nm, intptr_t* sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) {
   assert(nm != nullptr && nm->needs_stack_repair(), "");
   // The stack increment resides just below the saved FP on the stack and
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.inline.hpp
index 36f6a88cb2f..e062fabfb7b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.inline.hpp
@@ -406,9 +406,11 @@ inline int frame::sender_sp_ret_address_offset() {
   return frame::sender_sp_offset - frame::return_addr_offset;
 }
 
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// frame::sender
-inline frame frame::sender(RegisterMap* map) const {
+// This method can be on a hot path. Since Valhalla made it a bit bigger, compilers are
+// not as eager to inline it, but in some cases, it makes a significant difference.
+// Let's encourage the compiler to inline sender all the way to frame::repair_sender_sp.
+// through frame::sender_for_compiled_frame.
+ALWAYSINLINE frame frame::sender(RegisterMap* map) const {
   frame result = sender_raw(map);
 
   if (map->process_frames() && !map->in_cont()) {
@@ -421,7 +423,7 @@ inline frame frame::sender(RegisterMap* map) const {
   return result;
 }
 
-inline frame frame::sender_raw(RegisterMap* map) const {
+ALWAYSINLINE frame frame::sender_raw(RegisterMap* map) const {
   // Default is we done have to follow them. The sender_for_xxx will
   // update it accordingly
   map->set_include_argument_oops(false);
@@ -446,7 +448,53 @@ inline frame frame::sender_raw(RegisterMap* map) const {
   return frame(sender_sp(), link(), sender_pc());
 }
 
-inline frame frame::sender_for_compiled_frame(RegisterMap* map) const {
+// Check for a method with scalarized inline type arguments that needs
+// a stack repair and return the repaired sender stack pointer.
+ALWAYSINLINE intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(intptr_t* sender_sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) const {
+  nmethod* nm = _cb->as_nmethod_or_null();
+  if (nm != nullptr && nm->needs_stack_repair()) {
+    // The stack increment resides just below the saved FP on the stack and
+    // records the total frame size excluding the two words for saving FP and LR
+    // (see MacroAssembler::remove_frame).
+    intptr_t* sp_inc_addr = (intptr_t*) (saved_fp_addr - 1);
+    assert(*sp_inc_addr % StackAlignmentInBytes == 0, "sp_inc not aligned");
+    int real_frame_size = (*sp_inc_addr / wordSize) + metadata_words_at_bottom;
+    assert(real_frame_size >= _cb->frame_size() && real_frame_size <= 1000000, "invalid frame size");
+    sender_sp = unextended_sp() + real_frame_size;
+  }
+  return sender_sp;
+}
+
+// See comment in MacroAssembler::remove_frame
+ALWAYSINLINE frame::CompiledFramePointers frame::compiled_frame_details() const {
+  // we cannot rely upon the last fp having been saved to the thread
+  // in C2 code but it will have been pushed onto the stack. so we
+  // have to find it relative to the unextended sp
+
+  assert(_cb->frame_size() > 0, "must have non-zero frame size");
+
+  // if need stack repair: the bottom of the fake frame, under LR #2
+  // else the bottom of the frame
+  intptr_t* l_sender_sp = (!PreserveFramePointer || _sp_is_trusted)
+      ? unextended_sp() + _cb->frame_size()
+      : sender_sp();
+
+  assert(!_sp_is_trusted || l_sender_sp == real_fp(), "");
+
+  // the actual bottom of the frame. This actually changes something if the frame needs stack repair
+  l_sender_sp = repair_sender_sp(l_sender_sp, (intptr_t**)(l_sender_sp - frame::sender_sp_offset));
+
+  // From the sender's sp, we can locate the real saved lr (x30) and rfp (x29): they are
+  // immediately above, no matter if the stack was extended or not
+  CompiledFramePointers cfp;
+  cfp.sender_sp = l_sender_sp;
+  cfp.saved_fp_addr = (intptr_t**)(l_sender_sp - frame::sender_sp_offset);
+  cfp.sender_pc_addr = (address*)(l_sender_sp - frame::return_addr_offset);
+
+  return cfp;
+}
+
+ALWAYSINLINE frame frame::sender_for_compiled_frame(RegisterMap* map) const {
   CompiledFramePointers cfp = compiled_frame_details();
 
   // The return_address is always the word on the stack.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.cpp
index 087833d1411..746fe62b4f0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.cpp
@@ -649,41 +649,6 @@ frame::frame(void* sp, void* fp, void* pc) {
 
 #endif
 
-// Check for a method with scalarized inline type arguments that needs
-// a stack repair and return the repaired sender stack pointer.
-intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(intptr_t* sender_sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) const {
-  nmethod* nm = _cb->as_nmethod_or_null();
-  if (nm != nullptr && nm->needs_stack_repair()) {
-    // The stack increment resides just below the saved rbp on the stack
-    // and does not account for the return address and rbp (see MacroAssembler::remove_frame).
-    intptr_t* real_frame_size_addr = (intptr_t*) (saved_fp_addr - 1);
-    int real_frame_size = (*real_frame_size_addr / wordSize) + metadata_words_at_bottom;
-    assert(real_frame_size >= _cb->frame_size() && real_frame_size <= 1000000, "invalid frame size");
-    sender_sp = unextended_sp() + real_frame_size;
-  }
-  return sender_sp;
-}
-
-
-// See comment in MacroAssembler::remove_frame
-frame::CompiledFramePointers frame::compiled_frame_details() const {
-  // frame owned by optimizing compiler
-  assert(_cb->frame_size() > 0, "must have non-zero frame size");
-  intptr_t* sender_sp = unextended_sp() + _cb->frame_size();
-  assert(sender_sp == real_fp(), "");
-
-  // Repair the sender sp if the frame has been extended
-  sender_sp = repair_sender_sp(sender_sp, (intptr_t**)(sender_sp - frame::sender_sp_offset));
-
-  CompiledFramePointers cfp;
-  cfp.sender_sp = sender_sp;
-  cfp.saved_fp_addr = (intptr_t**)(sender_sp - frame::sender_sp_offset);
-  // On Intel the return_address is always the word on the stack
-  cfp.sender_pc_addr = (address*)(sender_sp - frame::return_addr_offset);
-
-  return cfp;
-}
-
 intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(nmethod* nm, intptr_t* sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) {
   assert(nm != nullptr && nm->needs_stack_repair(), "");
   // The stack increment resides just below the saved rbp on the stack
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.hpp
index 7d7dacc17f7..425469ea10a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.hpp
@@ -138,13 +138,13 @@
 
  public:
   // Support for scalarized inline type calling convention
-  intptr_t* repair_sender_sp(intptr_t* sender_sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) const;
+  ALWAYSINLINE intptr_t* repair_sender_sp(intptr_t* sender_sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) const;
   struct CompiledFramePointers {
     intptr_t* sender_sp;       // The top of the stack of the sender
     intptr_t** saved_fp_addr;  // Where RBP is saved on the stack
     address* sender_pc_addr;   // Where return address (copy #1 in remove_frame's comment) is saved on the stack
   };
-  CompiledFramePointers compiled_frame_details() const;
+  ALWAYSINLINE CompiledFramePointers compiled_frame_details() const;
   static intptr_t* repair_sender_sp(nmethod* nm, intptr_t* sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr);
   bool was_augmented_on_entry(int& real_size) const;
 
@@ -182,6 +182,6 @@
   void interpreter_frame_set_last_sp(intptr_t* sp);
 
   // returns the sending frame, without applying any barriers
-  inline frame sender_raw(RegisterMap* map) const;
+  ALWAYSINLINE frame sender_raw(RegisterMap* map) const;
 
 #endif // CPU_X86_FRAME_X86_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.inline.hpp
index d7cb1db9b03..f6596236532 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.inline.hpp
@@ -390,10 +390,11 @@ inline int frame::sender_sp_ret_address_offset() {
   return frame::sender_sp_offset - frame::return_addr_offset;
 }
 
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// frame::sender
-
-inline frame frame::sender(RegisterMap* map) const {
+// This method can be on a hot path. Since Valhalla made it a bit bigger, compilers are
+// not as eager to inline it, but in some cases, it makes a significant difference.
+// Let's encourage the compiler to inline sender all the way to frame::repair_sender_sp.
+// through frame::sender_for_compiled_frame.
+ALWAYSINLINE frame frame::sender(RegisterMap* map) const {
   frame result = sender_raw(map);
 
   if (map->process_frames() && !map->in_cont()) {
@@ -406,7 +407,7 @@ inline frame frame::sender(RegisterMap* map) const {
   return result;
 }
 
-inline frame frame::sender_raw(RegisterMap* map) const {
+ALWAYSINLINE frame frame::sender_raw(RegisterMap* map) const {
   // Default is we done have to follow them. The sender_for_xxx will
   // update it accordingly
   map->set_include_argument_oops(false);
@@ -427,7 +428,42 @@ inline frame frame::sender_raw(RegisterMap* map) const {
   return frame(sender_sp(), link(), sender_pc());
 }
 
-inline frame frame::sender_for_compiled_frame(RegisterMap* map) const {
+// Check for a method with scalarized inline type arguments that needs
+// a stack repair and return the repaired sender stack pointer.
+ALWAYSINLINE intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(intptr_t* sender_sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) const {
+  nmethod* nm = _cb->as_nmethod_or_null();
+  if (nm != nullptr && nm->needs_stack_repair()) {
+    // The stack increment resides just below the saved rbp on the stack
+    // and does not account for the return address and rbp (see MacroAssembler::remove_frame).
+    intptr_t* real_frame_size_addr = (intptr_t*) (saved_fp_addr - 1);
+    int real_frame_size = (*real_frame_size_addr / wordSize) + metadata_words_at_bottom;
+    assert(real_frame_size >= _cb->frame_size() && real_frame_size <= 1000000, "invalid frame size");
+    sender_sp = unextended_sp() + real_frame_size;
+  }
+  return sender_sp;
+}
+
+
+// See comment in MacroAssembler::remove_frame
+ALWAYSINLINE frame::CompiledFramePointers frame::compiled_frame_details() const {
+  // frame owned by optimizing compiler
+  assert(_cb->frame_size() > 0, "must have non-zero frame size");
+  intptr_t* sender_sp = unextended_sp() + _cb->frame_size();
+  assert(sender_sp == real_fp(), "");
+
+  // Repair the sender sp if the frame has been extended
+  sender_sp = repair_sender_sp(sender_sp, (intptr_t**)(sender_sp - frame::sender_sp_offset));
+
+  CompiledFramePointers cfp;
+  cfp.sender_sp = sender_sp;
+  cfp.saved_fp_addr = (intptr_t**)(sender_sp - frame::sender_sp_offset);
+  // On Intel the return_address is always the word on the stack
+  cfp.sender_pc_addr = (address*)(sender_sp - frame::return_addr_offset);
+
+  return cfp;
+}
+
+ALWAYSINLINE frame frame::sender_for_compiled_frame(RegisterMap* map) const {
   assert(map != nullptr, "map must be set");
   CompiledFramePointers cfp = compiled_frame_details();
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp
index 8123d21dd98..cf0d600b715 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp
@@ -1065,6 +1065,10 @@ void ciEnv::register_method(ciMethod* target,
     assert(compiler->type() == compiler_c2 ||
            offsets->value(CodeOffsets::Exceptions) != -1, "must have exception entry");
 
+    bool needs_stack_repair =
+        (compiler->is_c1() && method()->c1_needs_stack_repair()) ||
+        (compiler->is_c2() && method()->c2_needs_stack_repair());
+
     nm =  nmethod::new_nmethod(method,
                                compile_id(),
                                entry_bci,
@@ -1074,7 +1078,7 @@ void ciEnv::register_method(ciMethod* target,
                                frame_words, oop_map_set,
                                handler_table, inc_table,
                                compiler, CompLevel(task()->comp_level()),
-                               nmethod::Flags(has_unsafe_access, has_wide_vectors, has_monitors, has_scoped_access));
+                               nmethod::Flags(has_unsafe_access, has_wide_vectors, has_monitors, has_scoped_access, needs_stack_repair));
 
     // Free codeBlobs
     code_buffer->free_blob();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/nmethod.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/nmethod.hpp
index 217dd60dcab..8a06037a161 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/nmethod.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/nmethod.hpp
@@ -259,17 +259,19 @@ class nmethod : public CodeBlob {
 
     enum : uint8_t {
       UNSAFE_ACCESS = 1 << 0,
-      WIDE_VECTORS  = 1 << 1,
-      MONITORS      = 1 << 2,
-      SCOPED_ACCESS = 1 << 3
+      WIDE_VECTORS = 1 << 1,
+      MONITORS = 1 << 2,
+      SCOPED_ACCESS = 1 << 3,
+      NEEDS_STACK_REPAIR = 1 << 4,
     };
 
     Flags() : _bits(0) {}
-    Flags(bool has_unsafe_access, bool has_wide_vectors, bool has_monitors, bool has_scoped_access) :
+    Flags(bool has_unsafe_access, bool has_wide_vectors, bool has_monitors, bool has_scoped_access, bool needs_stack_repair) :
       _bits((has_unsafe_access ? UNSAFE_ACCESS : 0) |
-            (has_wide_vectors  ? WIDE_VECTORS  : 0) |
-            (has_monitors      ? MONITORS      : 0) |
-            (has_scoped_access ? SCOPED_ACCESS : 0))
+            (has_wide_vectors ? WIDE_VECTORS : 0) |
+            (has_monitors ? MONITORS : 0) |
+            (has_scoped_access ? SCOPED_ACCESS : 0) |
+            (needs_stack_repair ? NEEDS_STACK_REPAIR : 0))
     {}
 
     // May fault due to unsafe access
@@ -283,6 +285,9 @@ class nmethod : public CodeBlob {
 
     // Used by shared scope closure (scopedMemoryAccess.cpp)
     bool has_scoped_access() const { return (_bits & SCOPED_ACCESS) != 0; }
+
+    // Stack has been extended and needs repair. See comment in MacroAssembler::remove_frame
+    bool needs_stack_repair() const { return (_bits & NEEDS_STACK_REPAIR) != 0; }
   };
 
 private:
@@ -739,16 +744,7 @@ class nmethod : public CodeBlob {
   bool  has_monitors() const                      { return _flags.has_monitors(); }
   bool  has_scoped_access() const                 { return _flags.has_scoped_access(); }
   bool  has_wide_vectors() const                  { return _flags.has_wide_vectors(); }
-
-  bool  needs_stack_repair() const {
-    if (is_compiled_by_c1()) {
-      return method()->c1_needs_stack_repair();
-    } else if (is_compiled_by_c2()) {
-      return method()->c2_needs_stack_repair();
-    } else {
-      return false;
-    }
-  }
+  bool  needs_stack_repair() const                { return _flags.needs_stack_repair(); }
 
   bool  has_flushed_dependencies() const          { return _has_flushed_dependencies; }
   void  set_has_flushed_dependencies(bool z)      {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.hpp
index a9cfacc1241..7961ff8f9c3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/frame.hpp
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ class frame {
   inline void interpreted_frame_oop_map(InterpreterOopMap* mask) const;
 
   // returns the sending frame
-  inline frame sender(RegisterMap* map) const;
+  ALWAYSINLINE frame sender(RegisterMap* map) const;
 
   bool safe_for_sender(JavaThread *thread);
 
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ class frame {
 
  private:
   // Helper methods for better factored code in frame::sender
-  inline frame sender_for_compiled_frame(RegisterMap* map) const;
+  ALWAYSINLINE frame sender_for_compiled_frame(RegisterMap* map) const;
   frame sender_for_entry_frame(RegisterMap* map) const;
   frame sender_for_interpreter_frame(RegisterMap* map) const;
   frame sender_for_upcall_stub_frame(RegisterMap* map) const;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/exceptions/TestStackWalkPerf.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/exceptions/TestStackWalkPerf.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..24332faf0b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/exceptions/TestStackWalkPerf.java
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8389130
+ * @summary With Valhalla, frame::sender became a bit too big and is not as spontaneously inlined as before.
+ *          This causes some measurable performance regressions in cases where walking the stack is frequent.
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,${test.main.class}::fillInStackTrace
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.exceptions;
+
+public class TestStackWalkPerf extends Throwable {
+    private static final TestStackWalkPerf PROBE = new TestStackWalkPerf();
+
+    private static void fillInStackTrace(int depth, int fills) {
+        if (depth == 0) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < fills; i++) {
+                PROBE.fillInStackTrace();
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+        fillInStackTrace(depth - 1, fills);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; i++) {
+            fillInStackTrace(512, 1);
+        }
+        fillInStackTrace(512, 1_000_000);
+    }
+}

From 0b095ac46ebe605c5b8d6b537c42224dfd33d064 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Marc Chevalier <mchevalier@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 12:42:54 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 428/707] 8388302: [lworld] allocate_inline_types_impl could
 dereference a null pointer

Reviewed-by: thartmann, chagedorn
---
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp | 2 ++
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
index 69eb85a5c35..87549f46034 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
@@ -4084,6 +4084,7 @@ oop SharedRuntime::allocate_inline_types_impl(JavaThread* current, methodHandle
     assert(reg_pos < (uint)arg_size, "");
     VMRegPair reg_pair = reg_pairs[reg_pos];
     oop* buffer = callerFrame.oopmapreg_to_oop_location(reg_pair.first(), &reg_map2);
+    guarantee(buffer != nullptr, "bad register save location");
     instanceHandle h_buffer(THREAD, (instanceOop)*buffer);
     InlineKlass* vk = InlineKlass::cast(holder);
     if (h_buffer.not_null()) {
@@ -4122,6 +4123,7 @@ oop SharedRuntime::allocate_inline_types_impl(JavaThread* current, methodHandle
       assert(reg_pos < (uint)arg_size, "out of bound register?");
       VMRegPair reg_pair = reg_pairs[reg_pos];
       oop* buffer = callerFrame.oopmapreg_to_oop_location(reg_pair.first(), &reg_map2);
+      guarantee(buffer != nullptr, "bad register save location");
       instanceHandle h_buffer(THREAD, (instanceOop)*buffer);
       InlineKlass* vk = ss.as_inline_klass(holder);
       assert(vk != nullptr, "Unexpected klass");

From 98225188f37648343aad4bbb8247856314d21d3a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Marc Chevalier <mchevalier@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 12:43:25 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 429/707] 8388295: [lworld] C2: inline_unsafe_flat_access could
 dereference a null pointer

Reviewed-by: thartmann, chagedorn
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp | 5 +++--
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
index 217b613b58e..7988a29d2c8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
@@ -2676,8 +2676,9 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_unsafe_flat_access(bool is_store, AccessKind kind) {
     return false;
   }
   ciType* mirror_type = value_klass_node->const_oop()->as_instance()->java_mirror_type();
-  if (!mirror_type->is_inlinetype()) {
-    // Dead code
+  if (mirror_type == nullptr || !mirror_type->is_inlinetype()) {
+    // While mirror_type should not be null, there is no simple argument of that, so let's be safe, and bailout if it happens.
+    // Otherwise, if mirror_type is not null, but not an inline type, that is dead code. Bailout as well.
     return false;
   }
   ciInlineKlass* value_klass = mirror_type->as_inline_klass();

From 87af1ead7d1d08fa02f2e90251e5254f384d2b67 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Albert Mingkun Yang <ayang@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 14:00:15 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 430/707] 8388917: G1: "guarantee(variance() > -1.0) failed:
 variance should be >= 0" when running java
 -XX:G1NumCardsCostSampleThreshold=0  -XX:MetaspaceSize=1024K -version

Reviewed-by: tschatzl, iwalulya
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1_globals.hpp | 2 ++
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1_globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1_globals.hpp
index 8a346c5c78f..9860e47adc1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1_globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1_globals.hpp
@@ -381,11 +381,13 @@
           "Threshold for the number of cards when reporting remembered set "\
           "card cost related prediction samples. A sample must involve "    \
           "the same or more than that number of cards to be used.")         \
+          range(1, UINT_MAX)                                                \
                                                                             \
   product(uint, G1NumCodeRootsCostSampleThreshold, 100, DIAGNOSTIC,         \
           "Threshold for the number of code roots when reporting code root "\
           "scan cost related prediction samples. A sample must involve "    \
           "the same or more than this number of code roots to be used.")    \
+          range(1, UINT_MAX)                                                \
                                                                             \
   develop(bool, G1ForceOptionalEvacuation, false,                           \
           "Force optional evacuation for all GCs where there are old gen "  \

From cec41f16ac86f3925a2be650607101bc5ac552cf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Kevin Walls <kevinw@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 15:41:59 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 431/707] 8385163: JMX: Use recommended MessageDigest
 comparison method

Reviewed-by: sspitsyn, lmesnik
---
 .../com/sun/jmx/remote/security/HashedPasswordManager.java    | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.management/share/classes/com/sun/jmx/remote/security/HashedPasswordManager.java b/src/java.management/share/classes/com/sun/jmx/remote/security/HashedPasswordManager.java
index a247ba66533..979c33bd242 100644
--- a/src/java.management/share/classes/com/sun/jmx/remote/security/HashedPasswordManager.java
+++ b/src/java.management/share/classes/com/sun/jmx/remote/security/HashedPasswordManager.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ public synchronized boolean authenticate(String userName, char[] inputPassword)
                 byte[] passwordBytes = new byte[byteBuffer.limit()];
                 byteBuffer.get(passwordBytes);
                 byte[] hash = digest.digest(passwordBytes);
-                return Arrays.equals(hash, targetHash);
+                return MessageDigest.isEqual(hash, targetHash);
             } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) {
                 if (logger.debugOn()) {
                     logger.debug("authenticate", "Unrecognized hash algorithm : "

From 820aa257ea5fec8cd60215cbd339b7d6134ddbab Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Derek White <drwhite@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 15:50:22 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 432/707] 8386687: Regression >6% on Crypto-MLDSA.sign on x64

Reviewed-by: kvn, sviswanathan
---
 src/hotspot/share/adlc/formssel.cpp | 30 +++++++++++++++++++++--------
 1 file changed, 22 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/adlc/formssel.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/adlc/formssel.cpp
index 8abaa62982b..7f57e13e3af 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/adlc/formssel.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/adlc/formssel.cpp
@@ -1139,17 +1139,31 @@ const char *InstructForm::mach_base_class(FormDict &globals)  const {
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-// Compare the instruction predicates for textual equality
-bool equivalent_predicates( const InstructForm *instr1, const InstructForm *instr2 ) {
-  const Predicate *pred1  = instr1->_predicate;
-  const Predicate *pred2  = instr2->_predicate;
-  if( pred1 == nullptr && pred2 == nullptr ) {
+// Do the instruction predicates allow target_instr to be replaced by replacement_instr for cisc-spill optimzation.
+static bool hasPredicateSubset( const InstructForm *target_instr, const InstructForm *replacement_instr ) {
+  const Predicate *target_p  = target_instr->_predicate;
+  const Predicate *replacement_p  = replacement_instr->_predicate;
+  if( target_p == nullptr && replacement_p == nullptr ) {
     // no predicates means they are identical
     return true;
   }
-  if( pred1 != nullptr && pred2 != nullptr ) {
+
+  #ifdef AMD64
+  // A replacement_instr with no predicate handles a superset of the cases that target_instr handles.
+  // *Except* when target_instr has "predicate(false)", which shouldn't match anything.
+  // This is safe for x86 which only uses such predicates for instructions that should only be expanded
+  // as part of peephole optimizations. It's unclear if this is safe for s390 due to more complex predicates
+  // like "predicate(false && <more expressions>)". For now only enable for x86 (AMD64)
+  #define PREDICATE_FALSE_EXPR "#line 9\nfalse\n#line 9\n"
+
+  if( replacement_p == nullptr && !ADLParser::equivalent_expressions(target_p->_pred, PREDICATE_FALSE_EXPR) ) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  #endif /* AMD64 */
+
+  if( target_p != nullptr && replacement_p != nullptr ) {
     // compare the predicates
-    if (ADLParser::equivalent_expressions(pred1->_pred, pred2->_pred)) {
+    if (ADLParser::equivalent_expressions(target_p->_pred, replacement_p->_pred)) {
       return true;
     }
   }
@@ -1170,7 +1184,7 @@ bool InstructForm::cisc_spills_to(ArchDesc &AD, InstructForm *instr) {
   const char *reg_type           = nullptr;
   FormDict   &globals            = AD.globalNames();
   cisc_spill_operand = _matrule->matchrule_cisc_spill_match(globals, AD.get_registers(), instr->_matrule, op_name, reg_type);
-  if( (cisc_spill_operand != Not_cisc_spillable) && (op_name != nullptr) && equivalent_predicates(this, instr) ) {
+  if( (cisc_spill_operand != Not_cisc_spillable) && (op_name != nullptr) && hasPredicateSubset(this, instr) ) {
     cisc_spill_operand = operand_position(op_name, Component::USE);
     int def_oper  = operand_position(op_name, Component::DEF);
     if( def_oper == NameList::Not_in_list && instr->num_opnds() == num_opnds()) {

From cdf491e261e00df11d66cba7400ccd7f1066f9c7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 16:21:36 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 433/707] 8388848: [lworld]
 ConnectionGraph::process_call_arguments does not correctly handle wide
 arguments

Reviewed-by: qamai, chagedorn
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp             | 64 +++++++++++------
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestEAWideArg.java   | 69 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 112 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestEAWideArg.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp
index c2187cfd44b..cb66ba0bdb6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp
@@ -2155,19 +2155,28 @@ bool ConnectionGraph::add_final_edges_unsafe_access(Node* n, uint opcode) {
 // }
 // void m(Object o, MyValue v, int i)
 // produces the pairs:
-// (Object, Object), (Myvalue, int), (MyValue, float), (int, int)
+// (Object, Object), (MyValue, int), (MyValue, float), (int, int)
 class DomainIterator : public StackObj {
 private:
-  const TypeTuple* _domain;
-  const TypeTuple* _domain_cc;
-  const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* _sig_cc;
+  const TypeTuple* _domain;               // Domain of the JVM signature
+  const TypeTuple* _domain_cc;            // Domain of the scalarized calling convention
+  const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* _sig_cc; // Entries of the scalarized calling convention
 
-  uint _i_domain;
-  uint _i_domain_cc;
-  int _i_sig_cc;
-  uint _depth;
-  uint _first_field_pos;
-  const bool _is_static;
+  uint _i_domain;        // JVM signature domain index (long/double take two slots)
+  uint _i_domain_cc;     // Scalarized calling convention domain index
+  int _i_arg;            // JVM signature argument index (long/double take one argument)
+  int _i_sig_cc;         // Scalarized calling convention SigEntry index
+  uint _depth;           // Scalarized value nesting depth
+  uint _first_field_pos; // Scalarized calling convention domain index of the first non-hidden value field
+  const bool _is_static; // Whether the target method is static
+
+  void advance_domain() {
+    const BasicType bt = _domain->field_at(_i_domain)->basic_type();
+    _i_domain++;
+    if (bt != T_LONG && bt != T_DOUBLE) {
+      _i_arg++;
+    }
+  }
 
   void next_helper() {
     if (_sig_cc == nullptr) {
@@ -2186,7 +2195,7 @@ class DomainIterator : public StackObj {
       } else if (bt == T_VOID && (prev_bt != T_LONG && prev_bt != T_DOUBLE)) {
         _depth--;
         if (_depth == 0) {
-          _i_domain++;
+          advance_domain();
         }
       } else if (bt == T_OBJECT && prev_bt == T_METADATA && (_is_static || _i_domain > 0) && _sig_cc->at(_i_sig_cc)._offset == 0) {
         assert(_sig_cc->at(_i_sig_cc)._vt_oop, "buffer expected right after T_METADATA");
@@ -2215,6 +2224,7 @@ class DomainIterator : public StackObj {
     _sig_cc(call->method()->get_sig_cc()),
     _i_domain(TypeFunc::Parms),
     _i_domain_cc(TypeFunc::Parms),
+    _i_arg(0),
     _i_sig_cc(0),
     _depth(0),
     _first_field_pos(0),
@@ -2232,7 +2242,7 @@ class DomainIterator : public StackObj {
     assert(_depth != 0 || _domain->field_at(_i_domain) == _domain_cc->field_at(_i_domain_cc), "should produce same non scalarized elements");
     _i_sig_cc++;
     if (_depth == 0) {
-      _i_domain++;
+      advance_domain();
     }
     _i_domain_cc++;
     next_helper();
@@ -2246,6 +2256,10 @@ class DomainIterator : public StackObj {
     return _i_domain_cc;
   }
 
+  int i_arg() const {
+    return _i_arg;
+  }
+
   const Type* current_domain() const {
     return _domain->field_at(_i_domain);
   }
@@ -2270,18 +2284,25 @@ bool ConnectionGraph::returns_an_argument(CallNode* call) {
 
   const TypeTuple* d = call->tf()->domain_sig();
   bool ret_arg = false;
+  int arg_num = 0;
   for (uint i = TypeFunc::Parms; i < d->cnt(); i++) {
-    if (d->field_at(i)->isa_ptr() != nullptr &&
+    const Type* t = d->field_at(i);
+    if (t->isa_ptr() != nullptr &&
         call_analyzer->is_arg_returned(i - TypeFunc::Parms)) {
-      if (meth->is_scalarized_arg(i - TypeFunc::Parms) && !compatible_return(call->as_CallJava(), i)) {
+      const bool scalarized_arg = meth->is_scalarized_arg(arg_num);
+      if (scalarized_arg && !compatible_return(call->as_CallJava(), i)) {
         return false;
       }
-      if (call->tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields() != meth->is_scalarized_arg(i - TypeFunc::Parms)) {
+      if (call->tf()->returns_inline_type_as_fields() != scalarized_arg) {
         return false;
       }
       ret_arg = true;
     }
+    if (t != Type::HALF) {
+      arg_num++;
+    }
   }
+  assert(arg_num == meth->signature()->count() + (meth->is_static() ? 0 : 1), "inconsistent argument count");
   return ret_arg;
 }
 
@@ -2614,18 +2635,19 @@ void ConnectionGraph::process_call_arguments(CallNode *call) {
         PointsToNode* call_ptn = ptnode_adr(call->_idx);
         bool ret_arg = returns_an_argument(call);
         for (DomainIterator di(call->as_CallJava()); di.has_next(); di.next()) {
-          int k = di.i_domain() - TypeFunc::Parms;
+          const int jvms_slot = di.i_domain() - TypeFunc::Parms;
+          const bool scalarized_arg = meth->is_scalarized_arg(di.i_arg());
           const Type* at = di.current_domain_cc();
           Node* arg = call->in(di.i_domain_cc());
           PointsToNode* arg_ptn = ptnode_adr(arg->_idx);
-          assert(!call_analyzer->is_arg_returned(k) || !meth->is_scalarized_arg(k) ||
+          assert(!call_analyzer->is_arg_returned(jvms_slot) || !scalarized_arg ||
                  !compatible_return(call->as_CallJava(), di.i_domain()) ||
                  call->proj_out_or_null(di.i_domain_cc() - di.first_field_pos() + TypeFunc::Parms + 1) == nullptr ||
                  _igvn->type(call->proj_out_or_null(di.i_domain_cc() - di.first_field_pos() + TypeFunc::Parms + 1)) == at,
                  "scalarized return and scalarized argument should match");
-          if (at->isa_ptr() != nullptr && call_analyzer->is_arg_returned(k) && ret_arg) {
+          if (at->isa_ptr() != nullptr && call_analyzer->is_arg_returned(jvms_slot) && ret_arg) {
             // The call returns arguments.
-            if (meth->is_scalarized_arg(k)) {
+            if (scalarized_arg) {
               ProjNode* res_proj = call->proj_out_or_null(di.i_domain_cc() - di.first_field_pos() + TypeFunc::Parms + 1);
               if (res_proj != nullptr) {
                 assert(_igvn->type(res_proj)->isa_ptr(), "scalarized return and scalarized argument should match");
@@ -2646,12 +2668,12 @@ void ConnectionGraph::process_call_arguments(CallNode *call) {
           }
           if (at->isa_oopptr() != nullptr &&
               arg_ptn->escape_state() < PointsToNode::GlobalEscape) {
-            if (!call_analyzer->is_arg_stack(k)) {
+            if (!call_analyzer->is_arg_stack(jvms_slot)) {
               // The argument global escapes
               set_escape_state(arg_ptn, PointsToNode::GlobalEscape NOT_PRODUCT(COMMA trace_arg_escape_message(call)));
             } else {
               set_escape_state(arg_ptn, PointsToNode::ArgEscape NOT_PRODUCT(COMMA trace_arg_escape_message(call)));
-              if (!call_analyzer->is_arg_local(k)) {
+              if (!call_analyzer->is_arg_local(jvms_slot)) {
                 // The argument itself doesn't escape, but any fields might
                 set_fields_escape_state(arg_ptn, PointsToNode::GlobalEscape NOT_PRODUCT(COMMA trace_arg_escape_message(call)));
               }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestEAWideArg.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestEAWideArg.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..df7a797213a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestEAWideArg.java
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8388848
+ * @summary Test EA with wide arguments and mixed scalarized calling convention.
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:-PreloadClasses
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test*
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,${test.main.class}*::test*
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestEAWideArg {
+
+    // When the test methods below are linked, 'Unloaded' is still unloaded,
+    // creating a mix of scalarized and non-scalarized value arguments.
+    static value record Unloaded(int value) { }
+
+    static Unloaded testLongCallee(long l, Integer i1, Unloaded unloaded, Integer i2) {
+        return unloaded;
+    }
+
+    static Unloaded testDoubleCallee(double l, Integer i1, Unloaded unloaded, Integer i2) {
+        return unloaded;
+    }
+
+    static Unloaded testLong(int value) {
+        return testLongCallee(value, value, new Unloaded(value), value);
+    }
+
+    static Unloaded testDouble(int value) {
+        return testDoubleCallee(value, value, new Unloaded(value), value);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(testLong(i).value, i);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(testDouble(i).value, i);
+        }
+    }
+}
+

From a6be6cf28f19164d0d93fb4c73bfe9fe17d3eac6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Igor Veresov <iveresov@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 16:28:35 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 434/707] 8388469: Error: assert(_init_deps.contains(ktd))
 failed when running TestSetupAOTTest.java with -XX:+CICountOSR

Reviewed-by: kvn, iklam
---
 src/hotspot/share/oops/trainingData.cpp       | 20 ++++---
 src/hotspot/share/oops/trainingData.hpp       | 10 ++--
 .../appcds/aotProfile/OptionsStability.java   | 56 +++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 73 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotProfile/OptionsStability.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/trainingData.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/trainingData.cpp
index f14ed36daa8..8c8e8521fbb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/trainingData.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/trainingData.cpp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
 #include "classfile/systemDictionaryShared.hpp"
+#include "compiler/compileBroker.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compileTask.hpp"
 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
 #include "memory/metaspaceClosure.hpp"
@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ KlassTrainingData::KlassTrainingData() {
   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_static_archive() || UseSharedSpaces, "only for CDS");
 }
 
-CompileTrainingData::CompileTrainingData() : _level(-1), _compile_id(-1) {
+CompileTrainingData::CompileTrainingData() : _level(-1), _is_osr(false), _compile_id(-1) {
   // Used by cppVtables.cpp only
   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_static_archive() || UseSharedSpaces, "only for CDS");
 }
@@ -225,6 +226,7 @@ void MethodTrainingData::print_on(outputStream* st, bool name_only) const {
 
 CompileTrainingData* CompileTrainingData::make(CompileTask* task) {
   int level = task->comp_level();
+  bool is_osr = (task->osr_bci() != CompileBroker::standard_entry_bci);
   int compile_id = task->compile_id();
   Thread* thread = Thread::current();
   methodHandle m(thread, task->method());
@@ -238,16 +240,16 @@ CompileTrainingData* CompileTrainingData::make(CompileTask* task) {
   mtd->notice_compilation(level);
 
   TrainingDataLocker l;
-  CompileTrainingData* ctd = CompileTrainingData::allocate(mtd, level, compile_id);
-  if (ctd != nullptr) {
-    CompileTrainingData*& last_ctd = mtd->_last_toplevel_compiles[level - 1];
-    if (last_ctd != nullptr) {
-      assert(mtd->highest_top_level() >= level, "consistency");
-      if (last_ctd->compile_id() < compile_id) {
+  CompileTrainingData*& last_ctd = mtd->_last_toplevel_compiles[level - 1];
+  CompileTrainingData* ctd = nullptr;
+  if (last_ctd == nullptr ||                                                   // no previous CTD
+      (last_ctd->is_osr() == is_osr && last_ctd->compile_id() < compile_id) || // newer compile for same OSR status
+      (last_ctd->is_osr() && !is_osr)) {                                       // newer non-OSR compile after OSR compile
+    ctd = CompileTrainingData::allocate(mtd, level, is_osr, compile_id);
+    if (ctd != nullptr) {
+      if (last_ctd != nullptr) {
         last_ctd->clear_init_deps();
-        last_ctd = ctd;
       }
-    } else {
       last_ctd = ctd;
       mtd->notice_toplevel_compilation(level);
     }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/trainingData.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/trainingData.hpp
index 50f97153d8c..8c94058c660 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/trainingData.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/trainingData.hpp
@@ -532,6 +532,7 @@ class CompileTrainingData : public TrainingData {
 
   MethodTrainingData* _method;
   const short _level;
+  const bool _is_osr;
   const int _compile_id;
 
   // classes that should be initialized before this JIT task runs
@@ -648,9 +649,10 @@ class CompileTrainingData : public TrainingData {
   CompileTrainingData();
   CompileTrainingData(MethodTrainingData* mtd,
                       int level,
+                      bool is_osr,
                       int compile_id)
       : TrainingData(),  // empty key
-        _method(mtd), _level(level), _compile_id(compile_id), _init_deps_left(0) { }
+        _method(mtd), _level(level), _is_osr(is_osr), _compile_id(compile_id), _init_deps_left(0) { }
 public:
   ciRecords& ci_records() { return _ci_records; }
   static CompileTrainingData* make(CompileTask* task) NOT_CDS_RETURN_(nullptr);
@@ -660,7 +662,7 @@ class CompileTrainingData : public TrainingData {
   MethodTrainingData* method() const { return _method; }
 
   int level() const { return _level; }
-
+  bool is_osr() const { return _is_osr; }
   int compile_id() const { return _compile_id; }
 
   int init_dep_count() const {
@@ -719,8 +721,8 @@ class CompileTrainingData : public TrainingData {
 
   void verify(bool verify_dep_counter);
 
-  static CompileTrainingData* allocate(MethodTrainingData* mtd, int level, int compile_id) {
-    return TrainingData::allocate<CompileTrainingData>(mtd, level, compile_id);
+  static CompileTrainingData* allocate(MethodTrainingData* mtd, int level, bool is_osr, int compile_id) {
+    return TrainingData::allocate<CompileTrainingData>(mtd, level, is_osr, compile_id);
   }
 };
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotProfile/OptionsStability.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotProfile/OptionsStability.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..24e4af69fd1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotProfile/OptionsStability.java
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8388469
+ * @summary Verify that AOT workflow works with -XX:+CICountOSR and -XX:CICountNative
+ * @requires vm.cds
+ * @requires vm.debug
+ * @library /test/lib /test/setup_aot
+ * @build OptionsStability JavacBenchApp TestSetupAOT
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller
+ *                 TestSetupAOT
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar
+ *                 TestSetupAOT
+ *                 TestSetupAOT$ToolOutput
+ *                 JavacBenchApp
+ *                 JavacBenchApp$ClassFile
+ *                 JavacBenchApp$FileManager
+ *                 JavacBenchApp$SourceFile
+ * @run driver OptionsStability
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.cds.SimpleCDSAppTester;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+
+public class OptionsStability {
+    public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
+        SimpleCDSAppTester.of("TestSetupAOT")
+            .classpath("app.jar")
+            .addVmArgs("-XX:+CICountOSR", "-XX:+CICountNative")
+            .appCommandLine("TestSetupAOT", ".")
+            .runAOTWorkflow();
+    }
+}

From 683c6399e4f34fac6a4a9975ab82d66abbc40353 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Igor Veresov <iveresov@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 16:30:46 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 435/707] 8389518: Should record dependency on
 -XX:+-ProfileExceptionHandlers flag

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, iklam, kvn
---
 src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp                        | 9 +++++++++
 src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.hpp                        | 1 +
 .../runtime/cds/appcds/aotProfile/AOTProfileFlags.java   | 3 ++-
 3 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp
index ad819d5d409..cc97b6650bc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp
@@ -307,6 +307,7 @@ void FileMapHeader::populate(FileMapInfo *info, size_t core_region_alignment,
   _type_profile_width = TypeProfileWidth;
   _bci_profile_width = BciProfileWidth;
   _profile_traps = ProfileTraps;
+  _profile_exception_handlers = ProfileExceptionHandlers;
   _type_profile_casts = TypeProfileCasts;
   _spec_trap_limit_extra_entries = SpecTrapLimitExtraEntries;
   _max_heap_size = MaxHeapSize;
@@ -1947,6 +1948,14 @@ bool FileMapHeader::validate() {
 
       return false;
     }
+    if (_profile_exception_handlers != ProfileExceptionHandlers) {
+      AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("The %s's ProfileExceptionHandlers setting (%s)"
+                                            " does not equal the current ProfileExceptionHandlers setting (%s).", file_type,
+                                            _profile_exception_handlers ? "enabled" : "disabled",
+                                            ProfileExceptionHandlers   ? "enabled" : "disabled");
+
+      return false;
+    }
     if (_spec_trap_limit_extra_entries != SpecTrapLimitExtraEntries) {
       AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("The %s's SpecTrapLimitExtraEntries setting (%d)"
                                             " does not equal the current SpecTrapLimitExtraEntries setting (%d).", file_type,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.hpp
index 02dd8597013..d0713c17482 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.hpp
@@ -193,6 +193,7 @@ class FileMapHeader: private CDSFileMapHeaderBase {
   intx    _type_profile_width;
   intx    _bci_profile_width;
   bool    _profile_traps;
+  bool    _profile_exception_handlers;
   bool    _type_profile_casts;
   int     _spec_trap_limit_extra_entries;
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotProfile/AOTProfileFlags.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotProfile/AOTProfileFlags.java
index 4dc4512e01c..4ad42cb715b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotProfile/AOTProfileFlags.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotProfile/AOTProfileFlags.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -121,6 +121,7 @@ public static void testFlagsMismatch() throws Exception {
         trainAndRun("TypeProfileArgsLimit", "-XX:TypeProfileArgsLimit=2", "-XX:TypeProfileArgsLimit=3", errorPattern);
         trainAndRun("TypeProfileParamsLimit", "-XX:TypeProfileParmsLimit=2", "-XX:TypeProfileParmsLimit=3", errorPattern);
         trainAndRun("TypeProfileWidth", "-XX:TypeProfileWidth=2", "-XX:TypeProfileWidth=3", errorPattern);
+        trainAndRun("ProfileExceptionHandlers", "-XX:+ProfileExceptionHandlers", "-XX:-ProfileExceptionHandlers", errorPattern);
         if (Platform.isDebugBuild()) {
           trainAndRun("ProfileTraps", "-XX:+ProfileTraps", "-XX:-ProfileTraps", errorPattern);
           trainAndRun("TypeProfileCasts", "-XX:+TypeProfileCasts", "-XX:-TypeProfileCasts", errorPattern);

From 8878934d11aa6e980c6feada93a71294d569c297 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Coleen Phillimore <coleenp@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 18:17:43 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 436/707] 8253442: Bigapps SIGSEGV in
 DeadlockCycle::print_on_with

Reviewed-by: pchilanomate, dholmes, sspitsyn
---
 src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp  |  14 +-
 .../dcmd/thread/PrintRawMonitorLockTest.java  | 143 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../thread/libPrintRawMonitorLockTest.cpp     |  66 ++++++++
 3 files changed, 218 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/dcmd/thread/PrintRawMonitorLockTest.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/dcmd/thread/libPrintRawMonitorLockTest.cpp

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp
index e74d1bf79c2..6ee592bd774 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp
@@ -518,6 +518,7 @@ DeadlockCycle* ThreadService::find_deadlocks_at_safepoint(ThreadsList * t_list,
       }
       previousThread = currentThread;
       waitingToLockMonitor = (ObjectMonitor*)currentThread->current_pending_monitor();
+      waitingToLockRawMonitor = currentThread->current_pending_raw_monitor();
       if (concurrent_locks) {
         waitingToLockBlocker = currentThread->current_park_blocker();
       }
@@ -1025,10 +1026,10 @@ void DeadlockCycle::print_on_with(ThreadsList * t_list, outputStream* st) const
           currentThread = JavaThread::cast(owner);
           st->print_cr("%s \"%s\"", owner_desc, currentThread->name());
         } else {
-          st->print_cr(",\n  which has now been released");
+          st->print_cr("%s non-Java thread=" PTR_FORMAT, owner_desc, p2i(owner));
         }
       } else {
-        st->print_cr("%s non-Java thread=" PTR_FORMAT, owner_desc, p2i(owner));
+        st->print_cr(",\n  which has now been released");
       }
     }
 
@@ -1049,9 +1050,10 @@ void DeadlockCycle::print_on_with(ThreadsList * t_list, outputStream* st) const
         // blocked permanently.
         st->print_cr("%s UNKNOWN_owner_addr=" INT64_FORMAT, owner_desc,
                      waitingToLockMonitor->owner());
-        continue;
+      } else {
+        st->print_cr("%s \"%s\"", owner_desc, currentThread->name());
       }
-    } else {
+    } else if (waitingToLockBlocker != nullptr) {
       st->print("  waiting for ownable synchronizer " INTPTR_FORMAT ", (a %s)",
                 p2i(waitingToLockBlocker),
                 waitingToLockBlocker->klass()->external_name());
@@ -1060,8 +1062,10 @@ void DeadlockCycle::print_on_with(ThreadsList * t_list, outputStream* st) const
       oop ownerObj = java_util_concurrent_locks_AbstractOwnableSynchronizer::get_owner_threadObj(waitingToLockBlocker);
       currentThread = java_lang_Thread::thread(ownerObj);
       assert(currentThread != nullptr, "AbstractOwnableSynchronizer owning thread is unexpectedly null");
+      st->print_cr("%s \"%s\"", owner_desc, currentThread->name());
+    } else {
+      assert(waitingToLockRawMonitor != nullptr, "some deadlock must have been found");
     }
-    st->print_cr("%s \"%s\"", owner_desc, currentThread->name());
   }
 
   st->cr();
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/dcmd/thread/PrintRawMonitorLockTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/dcmd/thread/PrintRawMonitorLockTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ac176470247
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/dcmd/thread/PrintRawMonitorLockTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8253442
+ * @summary Test of diagnostic command Thread.print prints a deadlock of only JVMTI raw monitors.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.compiler
+ *          java.management
+ *          jdk.internal.jvmstat/sun.jvmstat.monitor
+ * @requires vm.jvmti
+ * @run testng/othervm/native -agentlib:PrintRawMonitorLockTest PrintRawMonitorLockTest
+ */
+
+import org.testng.SkipException;
+import org.testng.annotations.Test;
+import org.testng.Assert;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.dcmd.CommandExecutor;
+import jdk.test.lib.dcmd.JMXExecutor;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException;
+import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;
+
+public class PrintRawMonitorLockTest {
+
+    private static void log(String s) { System.out.println(s); }
+
+    static native int createRawMonitors();
+    static native int rawMonitorEnter(int id);
+
+    CyclicBarrier readyBarrier = new CyclicBarrier(3);
+
+    private void waitForBarrier(CyclicBarrier b) {
+        try {
+            b.await();
+        } catch (InterruptedException | BrokenBarrierException e) {
+            Assert.fail("Test error: Caught unexpected exception:", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    class RawMonitorThread extends Thread {
+        int id;
+        int otherid;
+
+        RawMonitorThread(int id, int otherid) {
+            this.id = id;
+            this.otherid = otherid;
+            setDaemon(true);
+        }
+
+        public void run() {
+            int retCode = rawMonitorEnter(id);
+            if (retCode != 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("error in JVMTI RawMonitorEnter: " +
+                                           "retCode=" + retCode);
+            }
+            log("entered my lock");
+
+            // Signal that we're ready for thread dump.
+            waitForBarrier(readyBarrier);
+
+            log("trying to enter the other lock");
+            retCode = rawMonitorEnter(otherid);
+            if (retCode != 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("error in JVMTI RawMonitorEnter: " +
+                                           "retCode=" + retCode);
+            }
+            log("shouldn't get here since the threads are deadlocked");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void setupRawMonitors() {
+        int retCode = createRawMonitors();
+        if (retCode != 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("error in JVMTI CreateRawMonitor: " +
+                                       "retCode=" + retCode);
+        }
+        log("created JVM TI raw monitors");
+    }
+
+    public void run(CommandExecutor executor) {
+        setupRawMonitors();
+
+        RawMonitorThread aThread = new RawMonitorThread(1, 2);
+        aThread.start();
+
+        RawMonitorThread bThread = new RawMonitorThread(2, 1);
+        bThread.start();
+
+        // Wait for threads to get ready.
+        waitForBarrier(readyBarrier);
+
+        OutputAnalyzer output = executor.execute("Thread.print -l=true");
+        if (!output.getOutput().contains("Found 1 deadlock")) {
+            // Execute dcmd in a timed loop in case the threads haven't deadlocked yet.
+            while (true) {
+                try {
+                    Thread.sleep(100);
+                } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
+                }
+                // try again, otherwise java thinks output is not initialized.
+                output = executor.execute("Thread.print -l=true");
+                if (output.getOutput().contains("Found 1 deadlock")) {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        output.shouldContain("waiting to lock JVM TI raw monitor");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void jmx() {
+        if (Thread.currentThread().isVirtual()) {
+            throw new SkipException("skipping test since current thread is virtual thread");
+        }
+        run(new JMXExecutor());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/dcmd/thread/libPrintRawMonitorLockTest.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/dcmd/thread/libPrintRawMonitorLockTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ccfca60c17e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/dcmd/thread/libPrintRawMonitorLockTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include "jvmti.h"
+#include "jvmti_common.hpp"
+
+extern "C" {
+
+static jvmtiEnv* jvmti = nullptr;
+static jrawMonitorID threadLock1 = nullptr;
+static char threadLockName1[] = "threadLock1";
+
+static jrawMonitorID threadLock2 = nullptr;
+static char threadLockName2[] = "threadLock2";
+
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Java_PrintRawMonitorLockTest_createRawMonitors(JNIEnv *jni, jclass cls) {
+  if (jvmti->CreateRawMonitor(threadLockName1, &threadLock1) != JNI_OK) {
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+  return jvmti->CreateRawMonitor(threadLockName2, &threadLock2);
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Java_PrintRawMonitorLockTest_rawMonitorEnter(JNIEnv *jni, jclass cls, int id) {
+  if (id == 1) {
+    return jvmti->RawMonitorEnter(threadLock1);
+  } else if (id == 2) {
+    return jvmti->RawMonitorEnter(threadLock2);
+  } else {
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Agent_OnLoad(JavaVM *jvm, char *options, void *reserved) {
+  LOG("\nAgent_OnLoad started");
+  // create JVMTI environment
+  if (jvm->GetEnv((void **) (&jvmti), JVMTI_VERSION) != JNI_OK) {
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+  LOG("Agent_OnLoad finished\n");
+  return JNI_OK;
+}
+
+}

From b19cc6c15d2d0593b055d661224587829d1f7e30 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Frederic Parain <fparain@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 19:47:11 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 437/707] 8388480: System.arraycopy fails to partially copy
 nullable flat arrays

Reviewed-by: coleenp, matsaave
---
 src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.cpp     | 146 ++---
 src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.cpp      |  44 ++
 src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.hpp      |   2 +
 src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.cpp      |  41 +-
 src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayOop.inline.hpp |   3 +
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayCopy.java   | 598 ++++++++++++++++++
 6 files changed, 721 insertions(+), 113 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayCopy.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.cpp
index dd33074f656..c8b2e4a3228 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.cpp
@@ -227,15 +227,8 @@ void FlatArrayKlass::copy_array(arrayOop s, int src_pos,
     THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException());
   }
 
-  // Check if all offsets and lengths are non negative
-  if (src_pos < 0 || dst_pos < 0 || length < 0) {
-    THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException());
-  }
-  // Check if the ranges are valid
-  if  ( (((unsigned int) length + (unsigned int) src_pos) > (unsigned int) s->length())
-      || (((unsigned int) length + (unsigned int) dst_pos) > (unsigned int) d->length()) ) {
-    THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException());
-  }
+  array_copy_offsets_and_range_check(s, src_pos, d, dst_pos, length, CHECK);
+
   // Check zero copy
   if (length == 0)
     return;
@@ -244,85 +237,92 @@ void FlatArrayKlass::copy_array(arrayOop s, int src_pos,
   ObjArrayKlass* dk = ObjArrayKlass::cast(d->klass());
   Klass* d_elem_klass = dk->element_klass();
   Klass* s_elem_klass = sk->element_klass();
-  /**** CMH: compare and contrast impl, re-factor once we find edge cases... ****/
 
   if (sk->is_flatArray_klass()) {
     assert(sk == this, "Unexpected call to copy_array");
     FlatArrayKlass* fsk = FlatArrayKlass::cast(sk);
-    // Check subtype, all src homogeneous, so just once
-    if (!s_elem_klass->is_subtype_of(d_elem_klass)) {
-      THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException());
-    }
-
-    flatArrayOop sa = flatArrayOop(s);
+    flatArrayOop sa = oop_cast<flatArrayOop>(s);
 
     // flatArray-to-flatArray
     if (dk->is_flatArray_klass()) {
-      // element types MUST be exact, subtype check would be dangerous
-      if (d_elem_klass != this->element_klass()) {
-        THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException());
-      }
+      flatArrayOop da = oop_cast<flatArrayOop>(d);
+
+      if (d_elem_klass == this->element_klass()) {
+        FlatArrayKlass* fdk = FlatArrayKlass::cast(dk);
+
+        // We have already checked that src_pos and dst_pos are valid indices.
+        FlatArrayPayload src_payload(sa, src_pos, fsk);
+        FlatArrayPayload dst_payload(da, dst_pos, fdk);
+
+        if (fsk->layout_kind() == fdk->layout_kind()) {
+          // Because source and destination have the same layout, we do not have
+          // to worry about null checks and atomicity problems and can call the
+          // Access API directly.
+          int index_delta;
+          if (needs_backwards_copy(sa, src_pos, da, dst_pos, length)) {
+            index_delta = -1;
+            src_payload.advance_index(length - 1);
+            dst_payload.advance_index(length - 1);
+          } else {
+            index_delta = 1;
+          }
 
-      FlatArrayKlass* fdk = FlatArrayKlass::cast(dk);
-      InlineKlass* vk = InlineKlass::cast(s_elem_klass);
-      flatArrayOop da = flatArrayOop(d);
-
-      // We have already checked that src_pos and dst_pos are valid indices.
-      FlatArrayPayload src_payload(sa, src_pos, fsk);
-      FlatArrayPayload dst_payload(da, dst_pos, fdk);
-
-      if (fsk->layout_kind() == fdk->layout_kind()) {
-        // Because source and destination have the same layout, we do not have
-        // to worry about null checks and atomicity problems and can call the
-        // Access API directly.
-        int index_delta;
-        if (needs_backwards_copy(sa, src_pos, da, dst_pos, length)) {
-          index_delta = -1;
-          src_payload.advance_index(length - 1);
-          dst_payload.advance_index(length - 1);
+          for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+            HeapAccess<>::value_copy(src_payload, dst_payload);
+            src_payload.advance_index(index_delta);
+            dst_payload.advance_index(index_delta);
+          }
         } else {
-          index_delta = 1;
-        }
+          // We need to allocate a buffer object to facilitate the copy between
+          // the different layouts. Keep the payload in a handle so we can reload
+          // the oops.
+          FlatArrayPayload::Handle src_payload_handle = src_payload.make_handle(THREAD);
+          FlatArrayPayload::Handle dst_payload_handle = dst_payload.make_handle(THREAD);
+
+          InlineKlass* vk = InlineKlass::cast(s_elem_klass);
+          inlineOop buffer = vk->allocate_instance(CHECK);
+          BufferedValuePayload buf_payload(buffer);
+
+          // Reload the oops from the payload handles.
+          src_payload = src_payload_handle();
+          dst_payload = dst_payload_handle();
+
+          const bool dst_is_null_restricted = !LayoutKindHelper::is_nullable_flat(dst_payload.layout_kind());
+
+          // fsk->layout_kind() != fdk->layout_kind() implies that s != d, which
+          // means that the copy is disjoint and we do not need to worry about
+          // needs_backwards_copy.
+          for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+            // Copy via buffer
+            if (src_payload.is_payload_null() || !src_payload.copy_to(buf_payload)) {
+              // The source payload is null. Nothing to copy.
+              if (dst_is_null_restricted) {
+                // The destination does not support null.
+                THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
+              }
+            } else {
+              dst_payload.copy_from(buf_payload);
+            }
 
-        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
-          HeapAccess<>::value_copy(src_payload, dst_payload);
-          src_payload.advance_index(index_delta);
-          dst_payload.advance_index(index_delta);
+            // Advance to next element
+            src_payload.next_element();
+            dst_payload.next_element();
+          }
         }
       } else {
-        // We need to allocate a buffer object to facilitate the copy between
-        // the different layouts. Keep the payload in a handle so we can reload
-        // the oops.
-        FlatArrayPayload::Handle src_payload_handle = src_payload.make_handle(THREAD);
-        FlatArrayPayload::Handle dst_payload_handle = dst_payload.make_handle(THREAD);
-
-        inlineOop buffer = vk->allocate_instance(CHECK);
-        BufferedValuePayload buf_payload(buffer);
-
-        // Reload the oops from the payload handles.
-        src_payload = src_payload_handle();
-        dst_payload = dst_payload_handle();
-
-        const bool dst_is_null_restricted = !LayoutKindHelper::is_nullable_flat(dst_payload.layout_kind());
-
-        // fsk->layout_kind() != fdk->layout_kind() implies that s != d, which
-        // means that the copy is disjoint and we do not need to worry about
-        // needs_backwards_copy.
+        // flat arrays with different element types, can only copy nulls (if destination array accepts them)
+        flatArrayHandle sh(THREAD, sa);
+        flatArrayHandle dh(THREAD, da);
+        bool dst_null_free = da->is_null_free_array();
         for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
-          // Copy via buffer
-          if (src_payload.is_payload_null() || !src_payload.copy_to(buf_payload)) {
-            // The source payload is null. Nothing to copy.
-            if (dst_is_null_restricted) {
-              // The destination does not support null.
+          if (sh->obj_at_is_null(src_pos + i)) {
+            if (dst_null_free) {
               THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
             }
+            dh->obj_at_put(dst_pos + i, nullptr);
           } else {
-            dst_payload.copy_from(buf_payload);
+            THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException());
           }
-
-          // Advance to next element
-          src_payload.next_element();
-          dst_payload.next_element();
         }
       }
     } else {
@@ -341,8 +341,8 @@ void FlatArrayKlass::copy_array(arrayOop s, int src_pos,
     // refArray-to-flatArray
     assert(s->is_refArray(), "Expected refArray");
     assert(d->is_flatArray(), "Expected flatArray");
-    refArrayOop sa = refArrayOop(s);
-    flatArrayOop da = flatArrayOop(d);
+    refArrayOop sa = oop_cast<refArrayOop>(s);
+    flatArrayOop da = oop_cast<flatArrayOop>(d);
 
     for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
       da->obj_at_put( dst_pos + i, sa->obj_at(src_pos + i), CHECK);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.cpp
index 9c227433f06..b1d820794c6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.cpp
@@ -279,6 +279,50 @@ void ObjArrayKlass::copy_array(arrayOop s, int src_pos, arrayOop d,
   ShouldNotReachHere();
 }
 
+void ObjArrayKlass::array_copy_offsets_and_range_check(arrayOop s, int src_pos,
+                                                       arrayOop d, int dst_pos, int length, TRAPS) {
+  // Check if all offsets and lengths are non negative
+  if (src_pos < 0 || dst_pos < 0 || length < 0) {
+    // Pass specific exception reason.
+    ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+    stringStream ss;
+    if (src_pos < 0) {
+      ss.print("arraycopy: source index %d out of bounds for object array[%d]",
+               src_pos, s->length());
+    } else if (dst_pos < 0) {
+      ss.print(
+          "arraycopy: destination index %d out of bounds for object array[%d]",
+          dst_pos, d->length());
+    } else {
+      ss.print("arraycopy: length %d is negative", length);
+    }
+    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(),
+              ss.as_string());
+  }
+
+  // Check if the ranges are valid
+  if ((((unsigned int)length + (unsigned int)src_pos) >
+       (unsigned int)s->length()) ||
+      (((unsigned int)length + (unsigned int)dst_pos) >
+       (unsigned int)d->length())) {
+    // Pass specific exception reason.
+    ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+    stringStream ss;
+    if (((unsigned int)length + (unsigned int)src_pos) >
+        (unsigned int)s->length()) {
+      ss.print(
+          "arraycopy: last source index %u out of bounds for object array[%d]",
+          (unsigned int)length + (unsigned int)src_pos, s->length());
+    } else {
+      ss.print("arraycopy: last destination index %u out of bounds for object "
+                      "array[%d]",
+                      (unsigned int)length + (unsigned int)dst_pos, d->length());
+    }
+    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(),
+              ss.as_string());
+  }
+}
+
 bool ObjArrayKlass::can_be_primary_super_slow() const {
   if (!bottom_klass()->can_be_primary_super())
     // array of interfaces
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.hpp
index add6d86c14c..16b3170fdda 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.hpp
@@ -104,6 +104,8 @@ class ObjArrayKlass : public ArrayKlass {
 
   // Copying
   void copy_array(arrayOop s, int src_pos, arrayOop d, int dst_pos, int length, TRAPS) override;
+  void array_copy_offsets_and_range_check(arrayOop s, int src_pos,
+                                          arrayOop d, int dst_pos, int length, TRAPS);
 
   // Compute protection domain
   oop protection_domain() const override { return bottom_klass()->protection_domain(); }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.cpp
index 4c55f8e936b..268d9c487ae 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayKlass.cpp
@@ -224,46 +224,7 @@ void RefArrayKlass::copy_array(arrayOop s, int src_pos, arrayOop d, int dst_pos,
     THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException(), ss.as_string());
   }
 
-  // Check if all offsets and lengths are non negative
-  if (src_pos < 0 || dst_pos < 0 || length < 0) {
-    // Pass specific exception reason.
-    ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
-    stringStream ss;
-    if (src_pos < 0) {
-      ss.print("arraycopy: source index %d out of bounds for object array[%d]",
-               src_pos, s->length());
-    } else if (dst_pos < 0) {
-      ss.print(
-          "arraycopy: destination index %d out of bounds for object array[%d]",
-          dst_pos, d->length());
-    } else {
-      ss.print("arraycopy: length %d is negative", length);
-    }
-    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(),
-              ss.as_string());
-  }
-
-  // Check if the ranges are valid
-  if ((((unsigned int)length + (unsigned int)src_pos) >
-       (unsigned int)s->length()) ||
-      (((unsigned int)length + (unsigned int)dst_pos) >
-       (unsigned int)d->length())) {
-    // Pass specific exception reason.
-    ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
-    stringStream ss;
-    if (((unsigned int)length + (unsigned int)src_pos) >
-        (unsigned int)s->length()) {
-      ss.print(
-          "arraycopy: last source index %u out of bounds for object array[%d]",
-          (unsigned int)length + (unsigned int)src_pos, s->length());
-    } else {
-      ss.print("arraycopy: last destination index %u out of bounds for object "
-               "array[%d]",
-               (unsigned int)length + (unsigned int)dst_pos, d->length());
-    }
-    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(),
-              ss.as_string());
-  }
+  array_copy_offsets_and_range_check(s, src_pos, d, dst_pos, length, CHECK);
 
   // Special case. Boundary cases must be checked first
   // This allows the following call: copy_array(s, s.length(), d.length(), 0).
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayOop.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayOop.inline.hpp
index 8f75809f5d9..7818db8fc7c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayOop.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/refArrayOop.inline.hpp
@@ -65,6 +65,9 @@ inline void refArrayOopDesc::obj_at_put(int index, oop value, TRAPS) {
   if (is_null_free_array() && value == nullptr) {
     THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), "Cannot store null in a null-restricted array");
   }
+  if (value != nullptr && !value->klass()->is_subtype_of(this->element_klass())) {
+    THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException());
+  }
   obj_at_put(index, value);
 }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayCopy.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayCopy.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8f605a870c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayCopy.java
@@ -0,0 +1,598 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test TestArrayCopy
+ * @bug 8388480
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayCopy
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestArrayCopy {
+
+    static value record SmallPoint(byte x, byte y) { }
+    static interface MyInterface {}
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue implements MyInterface {
+        int i;
+        short s;
+
+        public MyValue(int i, short s) {
+            this.i = i;
+            this.s = s;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value record Complex(double r, double i) { }
+
+    static void test_0() {
+        var a = new MyValue[10];
+        Object npe = null;
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(null, 0, a, 1, 2);
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            npe = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(npe, "Missing NullPointerException");
+    }
+
+    static void test_1() {
+        var a = new MyValue[10];
+        Object npe = null;
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(a, 0, null, 1, 2);
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            npe = e;
+        }
+      Asserts.assertNotNull(npe, "Missing NullPointerException");
+    }
+
+    static void test_2() {
+        var a = new MyValue[10];
+        Object ase = null;
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(a, 0, new Object(), 1, 2);
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            ase = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(ase, "Missing ArrayStoreException");
+    }
+
+    static void test_3() {
+        var a = new MyValue[10];
+        Object ase = null;
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(new Object(), 0, a, 1, 2);
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            ase = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(ase, "Missing ArrayStoreException");
+    }
+
+    static void test_4() {
+        var a = new MyValue[10];
+        Object ase = null;
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(a, 0, new int[10], 1, 2);
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            ase = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(ase, "Missing ArrayStoreException");
+    }
+
+    static void test_5() {
+        var a = new MyValue[10];
+        Object ase = null;
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(new int[10], 0, a, 1, 2);
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            ase = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(ase, "Missing ArrayStoreException");
+    }
+
+    static void test_6() {
+        var a = new MyValue[10];
+        var b = new MyValue[8];
+        Object ioobe = null;
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(a, -1, b, 1, 2);
+        } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+            ioobe = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(ioobe, "Missing IndexOutOfBoundsException");
+    }
+
+    static void test_7() {
+        var a = new MyValue[10];
+        var b = new MyValue[8];
+        Object ioobe = null;
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(a, 0, b, -1, 2);
+        } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+            ioobe = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(ioobe, "Missing IndexOutOfBoundsException");
+    }
+
+    static void test_8() {
+        var a = new MyValue[10];
+        var b = new MyValue[8];
+        Object ioobe = null;
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(a, 0, b, 1, -2);
+        } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+            ioobe = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(ioobe, "Missing IndexOutOfBoundsException");
+    }
+
+    static void test_9() {
+        var a = new MyValue[5];
+        var b = new MyValue[10];
+        Object ioobe = null;
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(a, 0, b, 1, 6);
+        } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+            ioobe = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(ioobe, "Missing IndexOutOfBoundsException");
+    }
+
+    static void test_10() {
+        var a = new MyValue[10];
+        var b = new MyValue[5];
+        Object ioobe = null;
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(a, 0, b, 1, 5);
+        } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+            ioobe = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(ioobe, "Missing IndexOutOfBoundsException");
+    }
+
+    static void test_11() {
+        var a = new SmallPoint[10];
+        var b = new MyValue[10];
+        var sp = new SmallPoint((byte)1, (byte)2);
+        var mv = new MyValue(2, (short)3);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            a[i] = sp;
+            b[i] = mv;
+        }
+        // Must not throw ArrayStoreException (nothing is copied)
+        System.arraycopy(a, 0, b, 0, 0);
+    }
+
+    static void test_12() {
+        var a = new SmallPoint[10];
+        var b = new MyValue[10];
+        // Must not throw ArrayStoreException (copying nulls)
+        System.arraycopy(a, 0, b, 1, 5);
+    }
+
+    static void test_13() {
+        var a = new SmallPoint[10];
+        var b = new SmallPoint[10];
+        var c = new SmallPoint[10];
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            a[i] = new SmallPoint((byte)i, (byte)(i+1));
+            b[i] = new SmallPoint((byte)(i*10), (byte)((i+1)*10));;
+            c[i] = b[i];
+        }
+        System.arraycopy(a, 2, c, 4, 3);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(c[i], b[i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(c[4 + i], a[2 + i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 7; i < 10; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(c[i], b[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test_14() {
+        var a = new SmallPoint[10];
+        var b = new MyValue[10];
+        var sp = new SmallPoint((byte)1, (byte)2);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            a[i] = sp;
+        }
+        // Must not throw ArrayStoreException (copying nulls)
+        System.arraycopy(b, 3, a, 4, 5);
+        for (int i = 0 ; i < 4; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertNotNull(a[i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 4; i < 9; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertNull(a[i]);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(a[9]);
+    }
+
+    static void test_15() {
+        var a = new SmallPoint[10];
+        var b = new MyValue[10];
+        var sp = new SmallPoint((byte)1, (byte)2);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            a[i] = sp;
+        }
+        b[7] = new MyValue(1, (short)2);
+        Object ase = null;
+        try {
+          System.arraycopy(b, 3, a, 4, 5);
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+          ase  = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(ase);
+        for (int i = 0 ; i < 4; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertNotNull(a[i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 4; i < 8; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertNull(a[i]);
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(a[8]);
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(a[9]);
+    }
+
+    static void test_16() {
+        var a = new MyValue[10];
+        var mv = new MyValue(1, (short)2);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            a[i] = mv;
+        }
+        var b = new MyInterface[10];
+        System.arraycopy(a, 1, b, 2, 3);
+        for (int i = 0 ; i < 2; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertNull(b[i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(b[2+i], a[1+i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 5; i < 10; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertNull(b[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+      static void test_17() {
+        var a =  new MyInterface[10];
+        var mv = new MyValue(1, (short)2);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            a[i] = mv;
+        }
+        var b = new MyValue[10];
+        System.arraycopy(a, 1, b, 2, 3);
+        for (int i = 0 ; i < 2; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertNull(b[i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(b[2+i], a[1+i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 5; i < 10; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertNull(b[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test_18() {
+        var a = new MyValue[10];
+        var mv = new MyValue(1, (short)2);
+        for (int i = 5; i < 10; i++) {
+            a[i] = mv;
+        }
+        var b = new Comparable[10];
+        var mi = Integer.valueOf(3);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            b[i] = mi;
+        }
+        Object ase = null;
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(a, 1, b, 2, 6);
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            ase = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(ase);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(b[0], mi);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(b[1], mi);
+        for (int i = 2; i < 6; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertNull(b[i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 6; i < 10; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(b[i], mi);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test_19() {
+        var a = new MyValue[10];
+        var mv = new MyValue(1, (short)2);
+        for (int i = 5; i < 10; i++) {
+            a[i] = mv;
+        }
+        var b = new Complex[10];
+        var mc = new Complex(4.0d, 2.0d);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            b[i] = mc;
+        }
+        Object ase = null;
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(a, 1, b, 2, 6);
+        } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
+            ase = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(ase);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(b[0], mc);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(b[1], mc);
+        for (int i = 2; i < 6; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertNull(b[i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 6; i < 10; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(b[i], mc);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test_20() {
+        var a = new SmallPoint[10];
+        var sp = new SmallPoint((byte)1, (byte)2);
+        var b = (SmallPoint[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(SmallPoint.class, 10, sp);
+        var c = (SmallPoint[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(SmallPoint.class, 10, sp);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            a[i] = new SmallPoint((byte)i, (byte)(i+1));
+            b[i] = new SmallPoint((byte)(i*10), (byte)((i+1)*10));;
+            c[i] = b[i];
+        }
+        System.arraycopy(a, 2, c, 4, 3);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(c[i], b[i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(c[4 + i], a[2 + i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 7; i < 10; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(c[i], b[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test_21() {
+        var a = new SmallPoint[10];
+        var sp = new SmallPoint((byte)1, (byte)2);
+        var b = (SmallPoint[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(SmallPoint.class, 10, sp);
+        var c = (SmallPoint[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(SmallPoint.class, 10, sp);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            a[i] = new SmallPoint((byte)i, (byte)(i+1));
+            b[i] = new SmallPoint((byte)(i*10), (byte)((i+1)*10));
+            c[i] = b[i];
+        }
+        a[4] = null;
+        Object npe = null;
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(a, 2, c, 4, 3);
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            npe = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(npe);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(c[i], b[i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(c[4 + i], a[2 + i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 6; i < 10; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(c[i], b[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test_22() {
+        var a = new SmallPoint[10];
+        var c = new Complex(2.0d, 4.0d);
+        var b = (Complex[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(Complex.class, 10, c);
+        Object npe = null;
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(a, 2, b, 4, 3);
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            npe = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(npe);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(b[i], c);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test_23() {
+        var a = (SmallPoint[])ValueClass.newReferenceArray(SmallPoint.class, 10);
+        var b = new SmallPoint[10];
+        SmallPoint sp0 = new SmallPoint((byte)1, (byte)2);
+        SmallPoint sp1 = new SmallPoint((byte)3, (byte)4);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            a[i] = sp0;
+            b[i] = sp1;
+        }
+        System.arraycopy(a, 2, b, 4, 3);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(b[i], sp1);
+        }
+        for (int i = 4; i < 7; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(b[i], sp0);
+        }
+        for (int i = 7; i < 10; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(b[i], sp1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test_24() {
+        SmallPoint sp0 = new SmallPoint((byte)1, (byte)2);
+        SmallPoint sp1 = new SmallPoint((byte)3, (byte)4);
+        var a = (SmallPoint[])ValueClass.newReferenceArray(SmallPoint.class, 10);
+        var b = (SmallPoint[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(SmallPoint.class, 10, sp1);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            a[i] = sp0;
+        }
+        a[4] = null;
+        Object npe = null;
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(a, 2, b, 4, 3);
+        } catch(NullPointerException e) {
+            npe = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(npe);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(b[i], sp1);
+        }
+        for (int i = 4; i < 6; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(b[i], sp0);
+        }
+        for (int i = 6; i < 10; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(b[i], sp1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test_25() {
+        var a = new SmallPoint[10];
+        var b = new SmallPoint[10];
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            a[i] = new SmallPoint((byte)i, (byte)(i+1));
+            b[i] = a[i];
+        }
+        System.arraycopy(b, 2, b, 4, 5);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(b[i], a[i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(b[4 + i], a[2 + i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 9; i < 10; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(b[i], a[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test_26() {
+        var a = new SmallPoint[10];
+        var mv = new MyValue(1, (short)2);
+        var b = (MyValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyValue.class, 10, mv);
+        Object npe = null;
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(a, 1, b, 3, 2);
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            npe = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(npe);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(b[i], mv);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test_27() {
+        var a = new String[10];
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            a[i] = "hello";
+        }
+        var b = new SmallPoint[10];
+        Object ase = null;
+        try {
+            System.arraycopy(a, 2, b, 3, 2);
+        } catch(ArrayStoreException e) {
+            ase = e;
+        }
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(ase);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertNull(b[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test_28() {
+        var a = new String[10];
+        var b = new SmallPoint[10];
+        System.arraycopy(a, 2, b, 3, 2);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertNull(b[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test_29() {
+        var a = (SmallPoint[])ValueClass.newReferenceArray(SmallPoint.class, 10);
+        var b = (SmallPoint[])ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(SmallPoint.class, 10);
+        var sp = new SmallPoint((byte)1, (byte)3);
+        for (int i = 2; i < 5; i++) {
+            a[i] = sp;
+        }
+        System.arraycopy(a, 2, b, 3, 5);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertNull(b[i]);
+        }
+        for (int i = 3; i < 6; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(b[i], sp);
+        }
+        for (int i = 6; i < 10; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertNull(b[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test_30() {
+        var mv = new MyValue(3, (short)5);
+        var a = (MyValue[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyValue.class, 10, mv);
+        var b = new MyValue[10];
+        System.arraycopy(a, 3, b, 1, 4);
+        Asserts.assertNull(b[0]);
+        for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEquals(b[i], mv);
+        }
+        for (int i = 5; i < 10; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertNull(b[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        var test = new TestArrayCopy();
+        Class c = test.getClass();
+        ArrayList<String> failures = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (Method m : c.getDeclaredMethods()) {
+            if (m.getName().startsWith("test_")) {
+                try {
+                    System.out.println("Running " + m.getName());
+                    m.invoke(null);
+                } catch (Throwable t) {
+                    t.printStackTrace();
+                    failures.add(m.getName());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (!failures.isEmpty()) {
+            System.out.print("Failed tests: ");
+            for (String s: failures) {
+                System.out.print(s + " ");
+            }
+            System.out.println("");
+            throw new RuntimeException("Some tests failed");
+        }
+    }
+}

From 8f0032f8c07382c90df70b91b4eaf8a8e2cc59bf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Chad Rakoczy <crakoczy@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 20:55:13 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 438/707] 8382405: AArch64: Dubious non-saves of ptrue after
 runtime calls

Reviewed-by: phh, shade, aph
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp | 4 ++++
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp  | 6 ------
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 6d17239c073..6f6596a9d23 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -2275,6 +2275,10 @@ void MacroAssembler::call_VM_leaf_base(address entry_point,
     bind(*retaddr);
 
   ldp(rscratch1, rmethod, Address(post(sp, 2 * wordSize)));
+
+  // Reinitialize the ptrue predicate register, in case the external runtime
+  // call clobbers ptrue reg, as we may return to SVE compiled code.
+  reinitialize_ptrue();
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::call_VM_leaf(address entry_point, int number_of_arguments) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
index 3341acf057a..61e6e48db73 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
@@ -729,9 +729,6 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address,
                          SharedRuntime::exception_handler_for_return_address),
                     rthread, c_rarg1);
-    // Reinitialize the ptrue predicate register, in case the external runtime
-    // call clobbers ptrue reg, as we may return to SVE compiled code.
-    __ reinitialize_ptrue();
 
     // we should not really care that lr is no longer the callee
     // address. we saved the value the handler needs in r19 so we can
@@ -12517,9 +12514,6 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
       __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, SharedRuntime::exception_handler_for_return_address), rthread, c_rarg1);
 
-      // Reinitialize the ptrue predicate register, in case the external runtime call clobbers ptrue reg, as we may return to SVE compiled code.
-      // __ reinitialize_ptrue();
-
       // see OptoRuntime::generate_exception_blob: r0 -- exception oop, r3 -- exception pc
 
       __ mov(r1, r0); // the exception handler

From 4afa191eec3b1ca29893be43e9034e99e0e0d2ce Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David Holmes <dholmes@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 21:24:42 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 439/707] 8385593: Clarify the wording of
 UnsupportedClassVersionError

Reviewed-by: phubner, fbredberg, liach
---
 src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp   |  9 ++++++---
 .../jtreg/runtime/ClassFile/PreviewVersion.java   | 15 +++++++++++++++
 .../ClassFile/UnsupportedClassFileVersion.java    | 10 +++++-----
 3 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp
index 541b6eb8655..b5059240db5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp
@@ -159,6 +159,8 @@
 
 #define JAVA_28_VERSION                   72
 
+#define JDK_VERSION                       (7 + (JVM_CLASSFILE_MAJOR_VERSION - JAVA_7_VERSION))
+
 void ClassFileParser::set_class_bad_constant_seen(short bad_constant) {
   assert((bad_constant == JVM_CONSTANT_Module ||
           bad_constant == JVM_CONSTANT_Package) && _major_version >= JAVA_9_VERSION,
@@ -4576,9 +4578,10 @@ void ClassFileParser::verify_class_version(u2 major, u2 minor, Symbol* class_nam
     Exceptions::fthrow(
       THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
       vmSymbols::java_lang_UnsupportedClassVersionError(),
-      "%s has been compiled by a more recent version of the Java Runtime (class file version %u.%u), "
-      "this version of the Java Runtime only recognizes class file versions up to %u.0",
-      class_name->as_C_string(), major, minor, JVM_CLASSFILE_MAJOR_VERSION);
+      "%s requires a newer Java runtime. The runtime in use, Java %u, supports class file versions up "
+      "to %u.0, but the class file version of %s is %u.%u.",
+      class_name->as_C_string(), JDK_VERSION, JVM_CLASSFILE_MAJOR_VERSION,
+      class_name->as_C_string(), major, minor);
     return;
   }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ClassFile/PreviewVersion.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ClassFile/PreviewVersion.java
index f58a287a895..6c139931ba5 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ClassFile/PreviewVersion.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ClassFile/PreviewVersion.java
@@ -89,6 +89,21 @@ public static void main(String args[]) throws Throwable {
             }
         }
 
+        // Add 1 to class's major version.  The class should fail to load
+        // because it's major version is too new for this VM.
+        int next_major_version = prev_major_version + 2;
+        klassbuf[6] = (byte)((next_major_version >> 8) & 0xff);
+        klassbuf[7] = (byte)(next_major_version & 0xff);
+        try {
+            ByteCodeLoader.load("PVTest", klassbuf);
+            throw new RuntimeException("UnsupportedClassVersionError exception not thrown");
+        } catch (java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError e) {
+            if (!e.getMessage().contains("requires a newer Java runtime")) {
+              throw new RuntimeException(
+                  "Wrong UnsupportedClassVersionError exception: " + e.getMessage());
+            }
+        }
+
         // Set class's major version to 45.  The class should load because class
         // version 45.65535 is valid.
         klassbuf[6] = 0;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ClassFile/UnsupportedClassFileVersion.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ClassFile/UnsupportedClassFileVersion.java
index 3b0e0c41410..0da7e0fb568 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ClassFile/UnsupportedClassFileVersion.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/ClassFile/UnsupportedClassFileVersion.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -43,10 +43,10 @@ public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
         writeClassFile();
         ProcessBuilder pb = ProcessTools.createTestJavaProcessBuilder("-cp", ".",  "ClassFile");
         OutputAnalyzer output = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
-        output.shouldContain("ClassFile has been compiled by a more recent version of the " +
-                            "Java Runtime (class file version 99.0), this version of " +
-                            "the Java Runtime only recognizes class file versions up to " +
-                            System.getProperty("java.class.version"));
+        output.shouldMatch("ClassFile requires a newer Java runtime. The runtime in use, Java " +
+                           Runtime.getRuntime().version().feature() + ", supports class file versions up to " +
+                           System.getProperty("java.class.version") +
+                           ", but the class file version of ClassFile is 99.0");
 
         output.shouldHaveExitValue(1);
     }

From 279a5a5511c315d8e522dd48735cdce51140815c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David Holmes <dholmes@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 21:31:07 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 440/707] 8388594: Clean up return statements with CHECK in
 them

Reviewed-by: amitkumar, coleenp
---
 src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.cpp      | 4 ++--
 src/hotspot/share/classfile/stringTable.cpp      | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionary.cpp | 4 ++--
 src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp         | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.cpp         | 6 +++---
 src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp    | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/oops/typeArrayKlass.cpp        | 4 ++--
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/reflection.cpp         | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/services/memoryService.cpp     | 2 +-
 9 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.cpp
index 7a1c1eb9484..e3e9b0ee830 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.cpp
@@ -2713,8 +2713,8 @@ int java_lang_Module::_module_entry_offset;
 Handle java_lang_Module::create(Handle loader, Handle module_name, TRAPS) {
   assert(Universe::is_fully_initialized(), "Need to find another solution to the reflection problem");
   return JavaCalls::construct_new_instance(vmClasses::Module_klass(),
-                          vmSymbols::java_lang_module_init_signature(),
-                          loader, module_name, CHECK_NH);
+                                           vmSymbols::java_lang_module_init_signature(),
+                                           loader, module_name, THREAD);
 }
 
 #define MODULE_FIELDS_DO(macro) \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stringTable.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stringTable.cpp
index 0c3f0f716a9..a1e55229bb5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stringTable.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stringTable.cpp
@@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ const jchar* StringTable::to_unicode(const StringWrapper& wrapped_str, int &len,
     len = static_cast<int>(wrapped_str.length);
     return wrapped_str.unicode_str;
   case StringType::OopStr:
-    return java_lang_String::as_unicode_string(wrapped_str.oop_str(), len, CHECK_NULL);
+    return java_lang_String::as_unicode_string(wrapped_str.oop_str(), len, THREAD);
   case StringType::SymbolStr: {
     const char* utf8_str = get_symbol_utf8(wrapped_str);
     int unicode_length = UTF8::unicode_length(utf8_str, wrapped_str.symbol_str->utf8_length());
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionary.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionary.cpp
index 5f1dcd06fb9..54b5663e241 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionary.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionary.cpp
@@ -937,9 +937,9 @@ InstanceKlass* SystemDictionary::resolve_from_stream(ClassFileStream* st,
                                                      const ClassLoadInfo& cl_info,
                                                      TRAPS) {
   if (cl_info.is_hidden()) {
-    return resolve_hidden_class_from_stream(st, class_name, class_loader, cl_info, CHECK_NULL);
+    return resolve_hidden_class_from_stream(st, class_name, class_loader, cl_info, THREAD);
   } else {
-    return resolve_class_from_stream(st, class_name, class_loader, cl_info, CHECK_NULL);
+    return resolve_class_from_stream(st, class_name, class_loader, cl_info, THREAD);
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
index ef5705b0568..0b47b182e52 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
@@ -1936,7 +1936,7 @@ instanceOop InstanceKlass::register_finalizer(instanceOop i, TRAPS) {
 instanceOop InstanceKlass::allocate_instance(TRAPS) {
   assert(!is_abstract() && !is_interface(), "Should not create this object");
   size_t size = size_helper();  // Query before forming handle.
-  return (instanceOop)Universe::heap()->obj_allocate(this, size, CHECK_NULL);
+  return (instanceOop)Universe::heap()->obj_allocate(this, size, THREAD);
 }
 
 instanceOop InstanceKlass::allocate_instance(oop java_class, TRAPS) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.cpp
index b1d820794c6..e3e20474ee8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.cpp
@@ -225,11 +225,11 @@ ObjArrayKlass* ObjArrayKlass::allocate_klass_from_description(ArrayDescription a
 
   switch (ad._kind) {
     case Klass::RefArrayKlassKind:
-      return RefArrayKlass::allocate_refArray_klass(class_loader_data(), dimension(), element_klass(), ad._properties, CHECK_NULL);
+      return RefArrayKlass::allocate_refArray_klass(class_loader_data(), dimension(), element_klass(), ad._properties, THREAD);
 
     case Klass::FlatArrayKlassKind:
       assert(dimension() == 1, "Flat arrays can only be dimension 1 arrays");
-      return FlatArrayKlass::allocate_klass(element_klass(), ad._properties, ad._layout_kind, CHECK_NULL);
+      return FlatArrayKlass::allocate_klass(element_klass(), ad._properties, ad._layout_kind, THREAD);
 
     default:
       ShouldNotReachHere();
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ ObjArrayKlass* ObjArrayKlass::allocate_klass_from_description(ArrayDescription a
 
 objArrayOop ObjArrayKlass::allocate_instance(int length, ArrayProperties props, TRAPS) {
   ObjArrayKlass* ak = klass_with_properties(props, CHECK_NULL);
-  return ak->allocate_instance(length, CHECK_NULL);
+  return ak->allocate_instance(length, THREAD);
 }
 
 objArrayOop ObjArrayKlass::allocate_instance(int length, TRAPS) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp
index 994ccf0cf51..92296438aad 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ template <class T> T* objArrayOopDesc::obj_at_addr(int index) const {
 inline oop objArrayOopDesc::obj_at(int index, TRAPS) const {
   assert(is_within_bounds(index), "index %d out of bounds %d", index, length());
   if (is_flatArray()) {
-    return ((const flatArrayOopDesc*)this)->obj_at(index, CHECK_NULL);
+    return ((const flatArrayOopDesc*)this)->obj_at(index, THREAD);
   } else {
     return ((const refArrayOopDesc*)this)->obj_at(index);
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/typeArrayKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/typeArrayKlass.cpp
index 214b389e35c..9220486fb83 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/typeArrayKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/typeArrayKlass.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ typeArrayOop TypeArrayKlass::allocate_common(int length, bool do_zero, TRAPS) {
   check_array_allocation_length(length, max_length(), CHECK_NULL);
   size_t size = typeArrayOopDesc::object_size(layout_helper(), length);
   return (typeArrayOop)Universe::heap()->array_allocate(this, size, length,
-                                                        do_zero, CHECK_NULL);
+                                                        do_zero, THREAD);
 }
 
 oop TypeArrayKlass::multi_allocate(int rank, jint* last_size, TRAPS) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/reflection.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/reflection.cpp
index 8959df47b8e..ffcba6bb13f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/reflection.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/reflection.cpp
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ arrayOop Reflection::reflect_new_array(oop element_mirror, jint length, TRAPS) {
     if (type == T_VOID) {
       THROW_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException());
     }
-    return oopFactory::new_typeArray(type, length, CHECK_NULL);
+    return oopFactory::new_typeArray(type, length, THREAD);
   } else {
     Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(element_mirror);
     if (k->is_array_klass() && ArrayKlass::cast(k)->dimension() >= MAX_DIM) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/services/memoryService.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/services/memoryService.cpp
index 4636f125079..48f811e7e38 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/services/memoryService.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/services/memoryService.cpp
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ Handle MemoryService::create_MemoryUsage_obj(MemoryUsage usage, TRAPS) {
                           ik,
                           vmSymbols::long_long_long_long_void_signature(),
                           &args,
-                          CHECK_NH);
+                          THREAD);
 }
 
 TraceMemoryManagerStats::TraceMemoryManagerStats(GCMemoryManager* gc_memory_manager,

From 5117341b4dcc21c7a87f6caea96be11944c8a6b4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Joe Darcy <darcy@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 00:46:35 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 441/707] 8388527: Add "indistinguishable" cross-reference to
 Double's discussion of equality

Reviewed-by: liach
---
 src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Double.java | 4 +++-
 src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Object.java | 4 ++--
 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Double.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Double.java
index fbae1505cd1..c68788da838 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Double.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Double.java
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@
  * number and is not equal to any value, including itself.
  * </dd>
  *
- * <dt><dfn>{@index "bit-wise equivalence"}</dfn>:</dt>
+ * <dt><dfn>{@index "bit-wise equivalence"} (or indistinguishable)</dfn>:</dt>
  * <dd>The bits of the two floating-point values are the same. This
  * equivalence relation for {@code double} values {@code a} and {@code
  * b} is implemented by the expression
@@ -177,6 +177,8 @@
  * Under this relation, {@code +0.0} and {@code -0.0} are
  * distinguished from each other and every bit pattern encoding a NaN
  * is distinguished from every other bit pattern encoding a NaN.
+ * Note this is the notion of equivalence used when {@linkplain
+ * Object##equalsIndistinguishable comparing value objects for equality}.
  * </dd>
  *
  * <dt><dfn><a id=repEquivalence></a>{@index "representation equivalence"}</dfn>:</dt>
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Object.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Object.java
index 045ceacd205..5fee4809a70 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Object.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Object.java
@@ -171,8 +171,8 @@ public Object() {}
      * that is, for any non-null reference values {@code x} and
      * {@code y}, this method returns {@code true} if and only
      * if {@code x} and {@code y} refer to the same identity object or
-     * indistinguishable value objects ({@code x == y} has the value
-     * {@code true}).
+     * <a id=equalsIndistinguishable>indistinguishable value objects ({@code x == y} has the value
+     * {@code true})</a>.
      * <p>
      * In other words, under the object equality equivalence
      * relation, each equivalence class only has a single element.

From fd8ab6cc7cd6796b8750b7995e1ed3b9c45ed620 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jatin Bhateja <jbhateja@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 04:41:43 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 442/707] 8385616: [VectorAPI] Remove VectorOperators.OR
 fallback handling for floating point vectors

Reviewed-by: sherman, psandoz
---
 .../share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/DoubleVector.java    | 2 --
 .../share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector.java   | 2 --
 .../share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/FloatVector.java     | 2 --
 .../share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/VectorOperators.java | 2 --
 .../classes/jdk/incubator/vector/X-Vector.java.template     | 6 ------
 test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/gen-template.sh               | 1 -
 6 files changed, 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/DoubleVector.java b/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/DoubleVector.java
index 62a9ad1d317..be8651be3ff 100644
--- a/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/DoubleVector.java
+++ b/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/DoubleVector.java
@@ -874,8 +874,6 @@ private static BinaryOperation<DoubleVector, VectorMask<Double>> binaryOperation
                     v0.bOp(v1, vm, (i, a, b) -> (double)Math.max(a, b));
             case VECTOR_OP_MIN: return (v0, v1, vm) ->
                     v0.bOp(v1, vm, (i, a, b) -> (double)Math.min(a, b));
-            case VECTOR_OP_OR: return (v0, v1, vm) ->
-                    v0.bOp(v1, vm, (i, a, b) -> fromBits(toBits(a) | toBits(b)));
             case VECTOR_OP_ATAN2: return (v0, v1, vm) ->
                     v0.bOp(v1, vm, (i, a, b) -> (double) Math.atan2(a, b));
             case VECTOR_OP_POW: return (v0, v1, vm) ->
diff --git a/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector.java b/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector.java
index a42fb44dd02..18534d91d54 100644
--- a/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector.java
+++ b/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16Vector.java
@@ -960,8 +960,6 @@ private static BinaryOperation<Float16Vector, VectorMask<Float16>> binaryOperati
                     v0.bOp(v1, vm, (i, a, b) -> (float)Math.max(a, b));
             case VECTOR_OP_MIN: return (v0, v1, vm) ->
                     v0.bOp(v1, vm, (i, a, b) -> (float)Math.min(a, b));
-            case VECTOR_OP_OR: return (v0, v1, vm) ->
-                    v0.bOp(v1, vm, (i, a, b) -> FloatVector.fromBits(FloatVector.toBits(a) | FloatVector.toBits(b)));
             case VECTOR_OP_ATAN2: return (v0, v1, vm) ->
                     v0.bOp(v1, vm, (i, a, b) -> (float) Math.atan2(a, b));
             case VECTOR_OP_POW: return (v0, v1, vm) ->
diff --git a/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/FloatVector.java b/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/FloatVector.java
index 78c9ee7a570..929c0a83b55 100644
--- a/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/FloatVector.java
+++ b/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/FloatVector.java
@@ -874,8 +874,6 @@ private static BinaryOperation<FloatVector, VectorMask<Float>> binaryOperations(
                     v0.bOp(v1, vm, (i, a, b) -> (float)Math.max(a, b));
             case VECTOR_OP_MIN: return (v0, v1, vm) ->
                     v0.bOp(v1, vm, (i, a, b) -> (float)Math.min(a, b));
-            case VECTOR_OP_OR: return (v0, v1, vm) ->
-                    v0.bOp(v1, vm, (i, a, b) -> fromBits(toBits(a) | toBits(b)));
             case VECTOR_OP_ATAN2: return (v0, v1, vm) ->
                     v0.bOp(v1, vm, (i, a, b) -> (float) Math.atan2(a, b));
             case VECTOR_OP_POW: return (v0, v1, vm) ->
diff --git a/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/VectorOperators.java b/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/VectorOperators.java
index 7c6b6e69086..4d4eea0c3c4 100644
--- a/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/VectorOperators.java
+++ b/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/VectorOperators.java
@@ -548,8 +548,6 @@ static boolean opKind(Operator op, int bit) {
     public static final /*bitwise*/ Binary AND_NOT = binary("AND_NOT", "&~", -1 /*VectorSupport.VECTOR_OP_AND_NOT*/, VO_NOFP); // FIXME
     /** Produce {@code a|b}.  Integral only. */
     public static final /*bitwise*/ Associative OR = assoc("OR", "|", VectorSupport.VECTOR_OP_OR, VO_NOFP+VO_ASSOC);
-    /*package-private*/ /** Version of OR which works on float and double too. */
-    static final Associative OR_UNCHECKED = assoc("OR_UNCHECKED", "|", VectorSupport.VECTOR_OP_OR, VO_ASSOC+VO_PRIVATE);
 
     /** Produce {@code a^b}.  Integral only. */
     public static final /*bitwise*/ Associative XOR = assoc("XOR", "^", VectorSupport.VECTOR_OP_XOR, VO_NOFP+VO_ASSOC);
diff --git a/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/X-Vector.java.template b/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/X-Vector.java.template
index 00445cc8ac5..c593f6edfe6 100644
--- a/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/X-Vector.java.template
+++ b/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/X-Vector.java.template
@@ -1183,12 +1183,6 @@ public abstract sealed class $abstractvectortype$ extends AbstractVector<$Boxtyp
 #end[intOrLong]
 #end[BITWISE]
 #if[FP]
-            case VECTOR_OP_OR: return (v0, v1, vm) ->
-#if[FP16]
-                    v0.bOp(v1, vm, (i, a, b) -> FloatVector.fromBits(FloatVector.toBits(a) | FloatVector.toBits(b)));
-#else[FP16]
-                    v0.bOp(v1, vm, (i, a, b) -> fromBits(toBits(a) | toBits(b)));
-#end[FP16]
             case VECTOR_OP_ATAN2: return (v0, v1, vm) ->
                     v0.bOp(v1, vm, (i, a, b) -> ($fallbacktype$) Math.atan2(a, b));
             case VECTOR_OP_POW: return (v0, v1, vm) ->
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/gen-template.sh b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/gen-template.sh
index 4e961e2f2b0..6a3e94ba14c 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/gen-template.sh
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/incubator/vector/gen-template.sh
@@ -445,7 +445,6 @@ gen_binary_alu_op "FIRST_NONZERO" "firstNonZero(a, b)"
 gen_binary_alu_op "AND+and"   "a \& b"  "BITWISE"
 gen_binary_alu_op "AND_NOT" "a \& ~b" "BITWISE"
 gen_binary_alu_op "OR+or"    "a | b"   "BITWISE"
-# Missing:        "OR_UNCHECKED"
 gen_binary_alu_op "XOR"   "a ^ b"   "BITWISE"
 gen_binary_alu_op "COMPRESS_BITS" "\$Boxtype\$.compress(a, b)" "intOrLong"
 gen_binary_alu_op "EXPAND_BITS" "\$Boxtype\$.expand(a, b)" "intOrLong"

From d5336eb3f9f72f094cce023b4ba6d302846e8e6a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Emanuel Peter <epeter@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 06:00:31 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 443/707] 8385157: C2: RegionNode::optimize_trichotomy wrongly
 folds CmpI and CmpU (wrong result)

Reviewed-by: qamai, chagedorn, hgreule
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp            |  56 ++-
 .../c2/igvn/TestOptimizeTrichotomy.java       | 440 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../rangechecks/TestFoldComparesFuzzer.java   |  94 +++-
 3 files changed, 556 insertions(+), 34 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/igvn/TestOptimizeTrichotomy.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp
index 5a7e3eff0b8..e13f91904c3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp
@@ -964,16 +964,54 @@ bool RegionNode::optimize_trichotomy(PhaseIterGVN* igvn) {
   bool commute = false;
   if (!cmp1->is_Cmp() || !cmp2->is_Cmp()) {
     return false; // No comparison
-  } else if (cmp1->Opcode() == Op_CmpF || cmp1->Opcode() == Op_CmpD ||
-             cmp2->Opcode() == Op_CmpF || cmp2->Opcode() == Op_CmpD ||
-             cmp1->Opcode() == Op_CmpP || cmp1->Opcode() == Op_CmpN ||
-             cmp2->Opcode() == Op_CmpP || cmp2->Opcode() == Op_CmpN ||
-             cmp1->is_SubTypeCheck() || cmp2->is_SubTypeCheck() ||
-             cmp1->is_FlatArrayCheck() || cmp2->is_FlatArrayCheck()) {
-    // Floats and pointers don't exactly obey trichotomy. To be on the safe side, don't transform their tests.
-    // SubTypeCheck is not commutative
+  }
+  if (cmp1->Opcode() != cmp2->Opcode()) {
+    // The Bool test codes are merged below, that only makes sense
+    // if the semantics of the CmpNode is the same.
     return false;
-  } else if (cmp1 != cmp2) {
+  }
+  switch (cmp1->Opcode()) {
+    // The following integer comparisons can be optimized.
+    case Op_CmpI:
+    case Op_CmpU:
+    case Op_CmpL:
+    case Op_CmpUL:
+      break;
+    default:
+      // If the assert below fails, consider if it is safe
+      // for optimization (add above), or should also be
+      // excluded (add below).
+      //
+      // Floats and pointers don't exactly obey trichotomy.
+      // To be on the safe side, don't transform their tests.
+      assert(cmp1->Opcode() == Op_CmpF ||
+             cmp1->Opcode() == Op_CmpD ||
+             cmp1->Opcode() == Op_CmpP ||
+             cmp1->Opcode() == Op_CmpN ||
+      // SubTypeCheck is not commutative.
+             cmp1->is_SubTypeCheck() ||
+      // FlatArrayCheck does not represent an ordering relation
+      // and therefore does not obey trichotomy.
+             cmp1->is_FlatArrayCheck() ||
+      // OverflowNode only use Bool[of], that should be rejected
+      // by mask merge anyway.
+             cmp1->Opcode() == Op_OverflowAddI ||
+             cmp1->Opcode() == Op_OverflowSubI ||
+             cmp1->Opcode() == Op_OverflowMulI ||
+             cmp1->Opcode() == Op_OverflowAddL ||
+             cmp1->Opcode() == Op_OverflowSubL ||
+             cmp1->Opcode() == Op_OverflowMulL ||
+      // VectorTestNode has an internal _predicate flag that
+      // would not be taken into account below.
+             cmp1->Opcode() == Op_VectorTest ||
+      // Locking nodes probably cannot create trichotomy
+      // shapes anyway.
+             cmp1->Opcode() == Op_FastUnlock ||
+             cmp1->Opcode() == Op_FastLock,
+             "unexpected: %s", NodeClassNames[cmp1->Opcode()]);
+      return false;
+  }
+  if (cmp1 != cmp2) {
     if (cmp1->in(1) == cmp2->in(2) &&
         cmp1->in(2) == cmp2->in(1)) {
       commute = true; // Same but swapped inputs, commute the test
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/igvn/TestOptimizeTrichotomy.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/igvn/TestOptimizeTrichotomy.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0d9b5dd2976
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/igvn/TestOptimizeTrichotomy.java
@@ -0,0 +1,440 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=vanilla
+ * @bug 8385157
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test RegionNode::optimize_trichotomy, including cases that
+ *          are expected to optimize, and others that should not, because
+ *          it would lead to wrong results.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=Xcomp
+ * @bug 8385157
+ * @key randomness
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class} -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test*
+ */
+
+package compiler.c2.igvn;
+
+import java.util.Random;
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+
+/**
+ * This test here covers some basic cases of RegionNode::optimize_trichotomy.
+ * Note: TestFoldComparesFuzzer.java was originally designed to fuzz a related
+ *       optimization (IfNode::fold_compares), which also deals with folding
+ *       multiple comparisons into one (or none). That fuzzer test also covers
+ *       the trichotomy optimization, and is the reason JDK-8385157 was reported.
+ */
+public class TestOptimizeTrichotomy {
+
+    private static final Random RANDOM = Utils.getRandomInstance();
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestFramework.runWithFlags(args);
+    }
+
+    private record IntPair(int x, int y) {
+        // Balanced trichotomy:
+        // we statistically ensure all paths of the signed trichotomy are taken,
+        // so we don't get any unstable-if traps.
+        static IntPair balancedTrichotomy() {
+            int a = RANDOM.nextInt();
+            int b = RANDOM.nextInt();
+            return switch (RANDOM.nextInt(3)) {
+                case 0 -> new IntPair(a, a);
+                default -> new IntPair(a, b);
+            };
+        }
+    }
+
+    private record LongPair(long x, long y) {
+        // Balanced trichotomy:
+        // we statistically ensure all paths of the signed trichotomy are taken,
+        // so we don't get any unstable-if traps.
+        static LongPair balancedTrichotomy() {
+            long a = RANDOM.nextLong();
+            long b = RANDOM.nextLong();
+            return switch (RANDOM.nextInt(3)) {
+                case 0 -> new LongPair(a, a);
+                default -> new LongPair(a, b);
+            };
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ------------------------- Failing cases for JDK-8385157 ------------------------------
+
+    // test0: Test2.java as reported in JDK-8385157, reported wrong result with -Xcomp
+    public static boolean test0_flag = true;
+    public static final boolean test0_gold = test0(42);
+
+    @Test
+    @Arguments(values = {Argument.NUMBER_42})
+    public static boolean test0(int n) {
+        int a = test0_flag ? -3 : Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+        // Note: the following CmpI is optimized into a CmpU
+        //   n + Integer.MIN_VALUE > a + Integer.MIN_VALUE
+        // ->
+        //   n >u a
+        // And so this ends up in the same pattern as test1, but
+        // reproduces before started intrinsifying Integer.compareUnsigned
+        if (a > n || n + Integer.MIN_VALUE > a + Integer.MIN_VALUE) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Check(test = "test0")
+    public void checkTest0(boolean val) {
+        if (val != test0_gold) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("wrong value: " + val + " vs " + test0_gold);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // test1: Test4.java as reported in JDK-8385157, reported wrong result with -Xcomp
+    public static boolean test1_flag = true;
+    public static final boolean test1_gold = test1(42);
+
+    @Test
+    @Arguments(values = {Argument.NUMBER_42})
+    public static boolean test1(int n) {
+        int a = test1_flag ? -3 : Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+        // RegionNode::optimize_trichotomy
+        // thinks that the comparisons below operate on the same inputs compare(n, a),
+        // but misses to check the Opcode for CmpI vs CmpU.
+        if (a > n || Integer.compareUnsigned(n, a) > 0) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Check(test = "test1")
+    public void checkTest1(boolean val) {
+        if (val != test1_gold) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("wrong value: " + val + " vs " + test1_gold);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Another case found by the TestFoldComparesFuzzer.java
+    @Test
+    static boolean test2(int a, int b) {
+        a = Math.min(1886969202, Math.max(-2002597787, a));
+        b = Math.min(130, Math.max(-33554430, b));
+        if (!(b  >=  a) || (Integer.compareUnsigned(a, b) <= 0)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    static boolean reference2(int a, int b) {
+        a = Math.min(1886969202, Math.max(-2002597787, a));
+        b = Math.min(130, Math.max(-33554430, b));
+        if (!(b  >=  a) || (Integer.compareUnsigned(a, b) <= 0)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"test2"})
+    static void runTest2() {
+        var p = IntPair.balancedTrichotomy();
+        boolean v0 = test2(p.x, p.y);
+        boolean v1 = reference2(p.x, p.y);
+        if (v0 != v1) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("wrong value: " + v0 + " vs " + v1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ------------------- IR tests to check that optimization was performed ------------------------
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMP_I, "= 1", IRNode.CMP_U, "= 0", IRNode.CMOVE_I, "= 0", IRNode.IF, "= 2"}, phase = CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING)
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMP_I, "= 1", IRNode.CMP_U, "= 0", IRNode.CMOVE_I, "= 1", IRNode.IF, "= 0"})
+    // Should be able to optimize to "a <= b", already during parsing.
+    static boolean testIR0(int a, int b) {
+        if (a < b || a == b) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    static boolean referenceIR0(int a, int b) {
+        if (a < b || a == b) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"testIR0"})
+    static void runTestIR0() {
+        var p = IntPair.balancedTrichotomy();
+        boolean v0 = testIR0(p.x, p.y);
+        boolean v1 = referenceIR0(p.x, p.y);
+        if (v0 != v1) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("wrong value: " + v0 + " vs " + v1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMP_I, "= 1", IRNode.CMP_U, "= 0", IRNode.CMOVE_I, "= 0", IRNode.IF, "= 2"}, phase = CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING)
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMP_I, "= 1", IRNode.CMP_U, "= 0", IRNode.CMOVE_I, "= 1", IRNode.IF, "= 0"})
+    // Should be able to optimize to "a >= b", already during parsing.
+    static boolean testIR1(int a, int b) {
+        if (a > b || a == b) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    static boolean referenceIR1(int a, int b) {
+        if (a > b || a == b) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"testIR1"})
+    static void runTestIR1() {
+        var p = IntPair.balancedTrichotomy();
+        boolean v0 = testIR1(p.x, p.y);
+        boolean v1 = referenceIR1(p.x, p.y);
+        if (v0 != v1) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("wrong value: " + v0 + " vs " + v1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMP_I, "= 0", IRNode.CMP_U, "= 1", IRNode.CMOVE_I, "= 0", IRNode.IF, "= 2"}, phase = CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING)
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMP_I, "= 0", IRNode.CMP_U, "= 1", IRNode.CMOVE_I, "= 1", IRNode.IF, "= 0"})
+    // Should be able to optimize to "a <=u b", already during parsing.
+    static boolean testIR2(int a, int b) {
+        if ((Integer.compareUnsigned(a, b) < 0) || (Integer.compareUnsigned(a, b) == 0)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    static boolean referenceIR2(int a, int b) {
+        if ((Integer.compareUnsigned(a, b) < 0) || (Integer.compareUnsigned(a, b) == 0)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"testIR2"})
+    static void runTestIR2() {
+        var p = IntPair.balancedTrichotomy();
+        boolean v0 = testIR2(p.x, p.y);
+        boolean v1 = referenceIR2(p.x, p.y);
+        if (v0 != v1) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("wrong value: " + v0 + " vs " + v1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMP_I, "= 0", IRNode.CMP_U, "= 1", IRNode.CMOVE_I, "= 0", IRNode.IF, "= 2"}, phase = CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING)
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMP_I, "= 0", IRNode.CMP_U, "= 1", IRNode.CMOVE_I, "= 1", IRNode.IF, "= 0"})
+    // Should be able to optimize to "a >=u b", already during parsing.
+    static boolean testIR3(int a, int b) {
+        if ((Integer.compareUnsigned(a, b) > 0) || (Integer.compareUnsigned(a, b) == 0)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    static boolean referenceIR3(int a, int b) {
+        if ((Integer.compareUnsigned(a, b) > 0) || (Integer.compareUnsigned(a, b) == 0)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"testIR3"})
+    static void runTestIR3() {
+        var p = IntPair.balancedTrichotomy();
+        boolean v0 = testIR3(p.x, p.y);
+        boolean v1 = referenceIR3(p.x, p.y);
+        if (v0 != v1) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("wrong value: " + v0 + " vs " + v1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMP_L, "= 1", IRNode.CMP_UL, "= 0", IRNode.CMOVE_I, "= 0", IRNode.IF, "= 2"}, phase = CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING)
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMP_L, "= 1", IRNode.CMP_UL, "= 0", IRNode.CMOVE_I, "= 1", IRNode.IF, "= 0"})
+    // Should be able to optimize to "a <= b", already during parsing.
+    static boolean testIR4(long a, long b) {
+        if (a < b || a == b) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    static boolean referenceIR4(long a, long b) {
+        if (a < b || a == b) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"testIR4"})
+    static void runTestIR4() {
+        var p = LongPair.balancedTrichotomy();
+        boolean v0 = testIR4(p.x, p.y);
+        boolean v1 = referenceIR4(p.x, p.y);
+        if (v0 != v1) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("wrong value: " + v0 + " vs " + v1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMP_L, "= 1", IRNode.CMP_UL, "= 0", IRNode.CMOVE_I, "= 0", IRNode.IF, "= 2"}, phase = CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING)
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMP_L, "= 1", IRNode.CMP_UL, "= 0", IRNode.CMOVE_I, "= 1", IRNode.IF, "= 0"})
+    // Should be able to optimize to "a >= b", already during parsing.
+    static boolean testIR5(long a, long b) {
+        if (a > b || a == b) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    static boolean referenceIR5(long a, long b) {
+        if (a > b || a == b) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"testIR5"})
+    static void runTestIR5() {
+        var p = LongPair.balancedTrichotomy();
+        boolean v0 = testIR5(p.x, p.y);
+        boolean v1 = referenceIR5(p.x, p.y);
+        if (v0 != v1) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("wrong value: " + v0 + " vs " + v1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMP_L, "= 0", IRNode.CMP_UL, "= 1", IRNode.CMOVE_I, "= 0", IRNode.IF, "= 2"}, phase = CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING)
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMP_L, "= 0", IRNode.CMP_UL, "= 1", IRNode.CMOVE_I, "= 1", IRNode.IF, "= 0"})
+    // Should be able to optimize to "a <=u b", already during parsing.
+    static boolean testIR6(long a, long b) {
+        if ((Long.compareUnsigned(a, b) < 0) || (Long.compareUnsigned(a, b) == 0)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    static boolean referenceIR6(long a, long b) {
+        if ((Long.compareUnsigned(a, b) < 0) || (Long.compareUnsigned(a, b) == 0)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"testIR6"})
+    static void runTestIR6() {
+        var p = LongPair.balancedTrichotomy();
+        boolean v0 = testIR6(p.x, p.y);
+        boolean v1 = referenceIR6(p.x, p.y);
+        if (v0 != v1) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("wrong value: " + v0 + " vs " + v1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMP_L, "= 0", IRNode.CMP_UL, "= 1", IRNode.CMOVE_I, "= 0", IRNode.IF, "= 2"}, phase = CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING)
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMP_L, "= 0", IRNode.CMP_UL, "= 1", IRNode.CMOVE_I, "= 1", IRNode.IF, "= 0"})
+    // Should be able to optimize to "a >=u b", already during parsing.
+    static boolean testIR7(long a, long b) {
+        if ((Long.compareUnsigned(a, b) > 0) || (Long.compareUnsigned(a, b) == 0)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    static boolean referenceIR7(long a, long b) {
+        if ((Long.compareUnsigned(a, b) > 0) || (Long.compareUnsigned(a, b) == 0)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"testIR7"})
+    static void runTestIR7() {
+        var p = LongPair.balancedTrichotomy();
+        boolean v0 = testIR7(p.x, p.y);
+        boolean v1 = referenceIR7(p.x, p.y);
+        if (v0 != v1) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("wrong value: " + v0 + " vs " + v1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ------------------- And for fun, an IR test where we don't optimize ------------------------
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMP_I, "= 1", IRNode.CMP_U, "= 1", IRNode.CMOVE_I, "= 0", IRNode.IF, "= 2"}, phase = CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING)
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.CMP_I, "= 1", IRNode.CMP_U, "= 1", IRNode.CMOVE_I, "= 0", IRNode.IF, "= 2"})
+    static boolean testIR8(int a, int b) {
+        if (a == b || (Integer.compareUnsigned(a, b) > 0)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    static boolean referenceIR8(int a, int b) {
+        if (a == b || (Integer.compareUnsigned(a, b) > 0)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"testIR8"})
+    static void runTestIR8() {
+        var p = IntPair.balancedTrichotomy();
+        boolean v0 = testIR8(p.x, p.y);
+        boolean v1 = referenceIR8(p.x, p.y);
+        if (v0 != v1) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("wrong value: " + v0 + " vs " + v1);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/rangechecks/TestFoldComparesFuzzer.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/rangechecks/TestFoldComparesFuzzer.java
index 0467689eb17..02e06d99f4b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/rangechecks/TestFoldComparesFuzzer.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/rangechecks/TestFoldComparesFuzzer.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -55,10 +55,13 @@
 import compiler.lib.template_framework.library.TestFrameworkClass;
 
 /**
- * For more basic examples, see TestFoldCompares.java
+ * For more basic examples, see:
+ * - TestFoldCompares.java
+ * - TestOptimizeTrichotomy.java
  *
  * I'm only covering some basic cases to test the fundamental
- * logic inside IfNode::fold_compares_helper.
+ * logic inside IfNode::fold_compares_helper, and the somewhat
+ * similar pattern of RegionNode::optimize_trichotomy.
  * - TestMethodGeneratorConstIR does extensive result and IR verification
  *   for the cases a-d) in IfNode::fold_compares_helper, but only with
  *   constant lo and hi.
@@ -68,6 +71,7 @@
  * - I'm also mixing signed and unsigned comparisons, just to ensure
  *   the less often used (and tested) unsigned comparisons don't slip
  *   through the cracks.
+ * - TestMethodGeneratorTrichotomy targets shapes of RegionNode::optimize_trichotomy
  *
  * In the future, we could add more cases:
  * - Extend to long - though the optimization does not yet cover longs anyway.
@@ -128,13 +132,12 @@ public static String generate(CompileFramework comp) {
     }
 
     enum Comparator {
-        // TODO: enable again after JDK-8385157
-        // ULT(" <  0", false),
-        // ULE(" <= 0", false),
-        // UGT(" >  0", false),
-        // UGE(" >= 0", false),
-        // UEQ(" == 0", false),
-        // UNE(" != 0", false),
+        ULT(" <  0", false),
+        ULE(" <= 0", false),
+        UGT(" >  0", false),
+        UGE(" >= 0", false),
+        UEQ(" == 0", false),
+        UNE(" != 0", false),
         LT(" <  ", true),
         LE(" <= ", true),
         GT(" >  ", true),
@@ -160,13 +163,12 @@ public boolean isSigned() {
 
         public Comparator negate() {
             return switch(this) {
-                // TODO: enable again after JDK-8385157
-                // case ULT -> UGE;
-                // case ULE -> UGT;
-                // case UGT -> ULE;
-                // case UGE -> ULT;
-                // case UEQ -> UNE;
-                // case UNE -> UEQ;
+                case ULT -> UGE;
+                case ULE -> UGT;
+                case UGT -> ULE;
+                case UGE -> ULT;
+                case UEQ -> UNE;
+                case UNE -> UEQ;
                 case LT -> GE;
                 case LE -> GT;
                 case GT -> LE;
@@ -178,13 +180,12 @@ public Comparator negate() {
 
         public Comparator flip() {
             return switch(this) {
-                // TODO: enable again after JDK-8385157
-                // case ULT -> UGT;
-                // case ULE -> UGE;
-                // case UGT -> ULT;
-                // case UGE -> ULE;
-                // case UEQ -> UEQ;
-                // case UNE -> UNE;
+                case ULT -> UGT;
+                case ULE -> UGE;
+                case UGT -> ULT;
+                case UGE -> ULE;
+                case UEQ -> UEQ;
+                case UNE -> UNE;
                 case LT -> GT;
                 case LE -> GE;
                 case GT -> LT;
@@ -671,14 +672,57 @@ static class TestMethodGeneratorArrLength implements TestMethodGenerator {
         public Template.OneArg<String> getTestTemplate() { return testTemplate; }
     }
 
+    // And to stress the related optimization: RegionNode::optimize_trichotomy
+    // Forms like:
+    //   (a cmp1 b) && (a cmp2 b)
+    // To catch bugs like found in JDK-8385157, where we accidentally confused CmpU and CmpI.
+    // This pattern seems to only have miscompiled without warmup.
+    static class TestMethodGeneratorTrichotomy implements TestMethodGenerator {
+        private final int a_hi = INT_GEN.next();
+        private final int a_lo = INT_GEN.next();
+        private final int b_hi = INT_GEN.next();
+        private final int b_lo = INT_GEN.next();
+
+        private final Comparison c1 = new Comparison("a", Comparator.random(), "b").permuteRandom();
+        private final Comparison c2 = new Comparison("a", Comparator.random(), "b").permuteRandom();
+
+        private final boolean withAnd = RANDOM.nextBoolean();
+        private final String operator = withAnd ? "&&" : "||";
+
+        private final Template.OneArg<String> template = Template.make("methodName", (String methodName) -> scope(
+            let("a_hi", a_hi),
+            let("a_lo", a_lo),
+            let("b_hi", b_hi),
+            let("b_lo", b_lo),
+            let("c1", c1),
+            let("c2", c2),
+            let("op", operator),
+            """
+            static boolean #methodName(int n, int a, int b) {
+                a = Math.min(#a_hi, Math.max(#a_lo, a));
+                b = Math.min(#b_hi, Math.max(#b_lo, b));
+                if (#c1 #op #c2) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+                return false;
+            }
+            """
+        ));
+
+        public Template.OneArg<String> getTestTemplate() {
+            return template;
+        }
+    }
+
     public static TemplateToken generateTest(int warmup) {
-        TestMethodGenerator tg = switch(RANDOM.nextInt(6)) {
+        TestMethodGenerator tg = switch(RANDOM.nextInt(7)) {
             case 0 -> new TestMethodGeneratorConst();
             case 1 -> new TestMethodGeneratorWithIf();
             case 2 -> new TestMethodGeneratorRanges();
             case 3 -> new TestMethodGeneratorConstIR();
             case 4 -> new TestMethodGeneratorSwitch();
             case 5 -> new TestMethodGeneratorArrLength();
+            case 6 -> new TestMethodGeneratorTrichotomy();
             default -> throw new RuntimeException("not expected");
         };
         Template.ZeroArgs testInputTemplate = tg.getInputTemplate();

From a935581a4d11fb976cbd3c19259c87c3769f6ad9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jan Lahoda <jlahoda@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 07:11:53 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 444/707] 8388338: javac shares proxy initializer trees across
 constructors

Reviewed-by: liach, mcimadamore
---
 .../tools/javac/comp/LocalProxyVarsGen.java   | 29 +++++-
 .../classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java  |  8 +-
 .../LocalProxyVariablesRuntime.java           | 98 +++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 129 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/LocalProxyVariablesRuntime.java

diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/LocalProxyVarsGen.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/LocalProxyVarsGen.java
index 451abea8a8c..ca0ecf5b20a 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/LocalProxyVarsGen.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/LocalProxyVarsGen.java
@@ -26,18 +26,17 @@
 package com.sun.tools.javac.comp;
 
 import java.util.HashMap;
-import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
 import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
 
 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Symbol;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Symbol.ClassSymbol;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Symbol.VarSymbol;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Symtab;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Type;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Types;
-import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.JCAssign;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.JCExpression;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.JCMethodDecl;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.JCVariableDecl;
@@ -91,6 +90,7 @@ public static LocalProxyVarsGen instance(Context context) {
     private final Target target;
     private TreeMaker make;
     private final Map<Symbol, Set<Symbol>> fieldsReadInPrologue = new HashMap<>();
+    private final Map<JCMethodDecl, Map<JCTree, JCTree>> rollback = new HashMap<>();
 
     private final boolean noLocalProxyVars;
 
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ public void patchConstructor(JCMethodDecl tree, TreeMaker make) {
         }
     }
 
-    public void allFieldNormalized(Symbol.ClassSymbol csym) {
+    public void classGenerated(ClassSymbol csym) {
         fieldsReadInPrologue.remove(csym);
     }
 
@@ -164,6 +164,7 @@ void addLocalProxiesFor(JCMethodDecl constructor, Set<Symbol> fields, TreeMaker
         for (JCStatement st : constructor.body.stats) {
             newBody = newBody.append(fieldRewriter.translate(st));
         }
+        rollback.put(constructor, fieldRewriter.rollback);
         localDeclarations.addAll(newBody);
         ListBuffer<JCStatement> assigmentsBeforeSuper = new ListBuffer<>();
         for (Symbol vsym : fieldToLocalMap.keySet()) {
@@ -207,7 +208,27 @@ private Name newLocalName(String name) {
         return names.fromString("local" + target.syntheticNameChar() + name);
     }
 
+    public void unpatchConstructor(JCMethodDecl tree, TreeMaker make) {
+        Map<JCTree, JCTree> thisMethodRollback = rollback.remove(tree);
+
+        if (thisMethodRollback == null) {
+            return ;
+        }
+
+        new TreeTranslator() {
+            @Override
+            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+            public <T extends JCTree> T translate(T tree) {
+                if (tree != null && thisMethodRollback.containsKey(tree)) {
+                    return (T) thisMethodRollback.get(tree);
+                }
+                return super.translate(tree);
+            }
+        }.translate(tree.body);
+    }
+
     class FieldRewriter extends TreeTranslator {
+        Map<JCTree, JCTree> rollback = new HashMap<>();
         JCMethodDecl md;
         Map<Symbol, Symbol> fieldToLocalMap;
         boolean ctorPrologue = true;
@@ -221,6 +242,7 @@ public FieldRewriter(JCMethodDecl md, Map<Symbol, Symbol> fieldToLocalMap) {
         public void visitIdent(JCTree.JCIdent tree) {
             if (ctorPrologue && fieldToLocalMap.get(tree.sym) != null) {
                 result = make.at(md).Ident(fieldToLocalMap.get(tree.sym));
+                rollback.put(result, tree);
             } else {
                 result = tree;
             }
@@ -231,6 +253,7 @@ public void visitSelect(JCTree.JCFieldAccess tree) {
             super.visitSelect(tree);
             if (ctorPrologue && fieldToLocalMap.get(tree.sym) != null) {
                 result = make.at(md).Ident(fieldToLocalMap.get(tree.sym));
+                rollback.put(result, tree);
             } else {
                 result = tree;
             }
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java
index 42a8d857d8f..6921400d3cf 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java
@@ -493,7 +493,6 @@ else if ((block.flags & SYNTHETIC) == 0) {
         for (JCTree t : methodDefs) {
             normalizeMethod((JCMethodDecl)t, initCode.toList(), initBlocks.toList(), initTAlist);
         }
-        localProxyVarsGen.allFieldNormalized(classDecl.sym);
         // If there are class initializers, create a <clinit> method
         // that contains them as its body.
         if (clinitCode.length() != 0) {
@@ -570,8 +569,6 @@ void normalizeMethod(JCMethodDecl md, List<JCStatement> initCode, List<JCStateme
                 md.sym.appendUniqueTypeAttributes(initTAs);
             }
 
-            localProxyVarsGen.patchConstructor(md, make);
-
             if (md.body.bracePos == Position.NOPOS)
                 md.body.bracePos = TreeInfo.endPos(md.body.stats.last());
         }
@@ -981,6 +978,7 @@ void genMethod(JCMethodDecl tree, Env<GenContext> env, boolean fatcode) {
             int extras = 0;
             // Count up extra parameters
             if (meth.isConstructor()) {
+                localProxyVarsGen.patchConstructor(tree, make);
                 extras++;
                 if (meth.enclClass().isInner() &&
                     !meth.enclClass().isStatic()) {
@@ -1052,6 +1050,9 @@ else if (tree.body != null) {
                 // Fill in type annotation positions for exception parameters
                 code.fillExceptionParameterPositions();
             }
+            if (meth.isConstructor()) {
+                localProxyVarsGen.unpatchConstructor(tree, make);
+            }
         }
 
         private int initCode(JCMethodDecl tree, Env<GenContext> env, boolean fatcode) {
@@ -2567,6 +2568,7 @@ public boolean genClass(Env<AttrContext> env, JCClassDecl cdef) {
                 }
             }
             cdef.defs = List.nil(); // discard trees
+            localProxyVarsGen.classGenerated(c);
             return nerrs == 0;
         } finally {
             // note: this method does NOT support recursion.
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/LocalProxyVariablesRuntime.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/LocalProxyVariablesRuntime.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..42e33c7e445
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/LocalProxyVariablesRuntime.java
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile LocalProxyVariablesRuntime.java
+ * @run main LocalProxyVariablesRuntime
+ */
+public class LocalProxyVariablesRuntime {
+    public static void main(String... args) {
+        new Value1();
+        new Value1(0);
+        new Value2();
+        new Value2(0);
+        new Value3();
+        new Value3(0);
+        new Value4();
+        new Value4(0);
+    }
+
+    private static value class Value1 {
+        int i = 0;
+        int j = i + 1;
+
+        public Value1() {}
+
+        public Value1(int x) {}
+    }
+
+    private static value class Value2 {
+        Object f1 = new String("");
+        String f2 = f1 instanceof String s ? s : "";
+
+        public Value2() {}
+
+        public Value2(int x) {}
+    }
+
+    private static value class Value3 {
+        Object f1 = new String("");
+        String f2 = !switch (f1) {
+            case String s -> true;
+            default -> false;
+        } ? "a" : "b";
+
+        public Value3() {}
+
+        public Value3(int x) {}
+    }
+
+    private static value class Value4 {
+        Object f1 = new String("");
+        String f2 = switch (0) {
+            default -> {
+                boolean r;
+                switch (f1) {
+                    case String s:
+                        r = true;
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        r = false;
+                        break;
+                }
+                IF: if (true) break IF;
+                for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+                    if (i < 5) continue;
+                    System.err.println(i);
+                }
+                yield r;
+            }
+        } ? "a" : "b";
+
+        public Value4() {}
+
+        public Value4(int x) {}
+    }
+}

From 0f73c4cdc17972f3afe22bb7bdf294817138a215 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 07:53:02 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 445/707] 8389455: Avoid local initialized unused variables in
 libjimage

Reviewed-by: goetz
---
 make/modules/java.base/lib/CoreLibraries.gmk          |  5 -----
 .../share/native/libjimage/imageDecompressor.cpp      | 11 +----------
 src/java.base/share/native/libjimage/imageFile.cpp    | 10 ++--------
 3 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)

diff --git a/make/modules/java.base/lib/CoreLibraries.gmk b/make/modules/java.base/lib/CoreLibraries.gmk
index 87a4460a972..db7dd2911ce 100644
--- a/make/modules/java.base/lib/CoreLibraries.gmk
+++ b/make/modules/java.base/lib/CoreLibraries.gmk
@@ -108,12 +108,7 @@ $(eval $(call SetupJdkLibrary, BUILD_LIBJIMAGE, \
     OPTIMIZATION := LOW, \
     EXTRA_HEADER_DIRS := libjava, \
     CFLAGS_unix := -UDEBUG, \
-    DISABLED_WARNINGS_gcc_imageDecompressor.cpp := unused-variable, \
-    DISABLED_WARNINGS_gcc_imageFile.cpp := unused-const-variable \
-        unused-variable, \
-    DISABLED_WARNINGS_clang_imageDecompressor.cpp := unused-variable, \
     DISABLED_WARNINGS_clang_imageFile.cpp := unused-private-field \
-        unused-variable, \
     LDFLAGS := $(LDFLAGS_CXX_JDK), \
     JDK_LIBS := libjvm, \
     LIBS_unix := $(LIBDL), \
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/native/libjimage/imageDecompressor.cpp b/src/java.base/share/native/libjimage/imageDecompressor.cpp
index 4946e645c55..e2bc27440e6 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/native/libjimage/imageDecompressor.cpp
+++ b/src/java.base/share/native/libjimage/imageDecompressor.cpp
@@ -43,15 +43,6 @@ typedef jboolean (*ZipInflateFully_t)(void *inBuf, jlong inLen,
                                       void *outBuf, jlong outLen, char **pmsg);
 static ZipInflateFully_t ZipInflateFully        = NULL;
 
-#ifndef WIN32
-    #define JNI_LIB_PREFIX "lib"
-    #ifdef __APPLE__
-        #define JNI_LIB_SUFFIX ".dylib"
-    #else
-        #define JNI_LIB_SUFFIX ".so"
-    #endif
-#endif
-
 /**
  * Return the address of the entry point named in the zip shared library.
  * @param name - the name of the entry point
@@ -179,7 +170,7 @@ void ImageDecompressor::decompress_resource(u1* compressed, u1* uncompressed,
 void ZipDecompressor::decompress_resource(u1* data, u1* uncompressed,
                 ResourceHeader* header, const ImageStrings* strings) {
     char* msg = NULL;
-    jboolean res = ZipDecompressor::decompress(data, header->_size, uncompressed,
+    [[maybe_unused]] jboolean res = ZipDecompressor::decompress(data, header->_size, uncompressed,
                     header->_uncompressed_size, &msg);
     assert(res && "decompression failed");
 }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/native/libjimage/imageFile.cpp b/src/java.base/share/native/libjimage/imageFile.cpp
index b5e65da59bc..f8d6079c2a2 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/native/libjimage/imageFile.cpp
+++ b/src/java.base/share/native/libjimage/imageFile.cpp
@@ -43,12 +43,6 @@
 // Map the full jimage, only with 64 bit addressing.
 bool ImageFileReader::memory_map_image = sizeof(void *) == 8;
 
-#ifdef WIN32
-const char FileSeparator = '\\';
-#else
-const char FileSeparator = '/';
-#endif
-
 // Image files are an alternate file format for storing classes and resources. The
 // goal is to supply file access which is faster and smaller than the jar format.
 //
@@ -428,7 +422,7 @@ void ImageFileReader::get_resource(ImageLocation& location, u1* uncompressed_dat
             compressed_data = new u1[(size_t)compressed_size];
             assert(compressed_data != NULL && "allocation failed");
             // Read bytes from offset beyond the image index.
-            bool is_read = read_at(compressed_data, compressed_size, _index_size + offset);
+            [[maybe_unused]] bool is_read = read_at(compressed_data, compressed_size, _index_size + offset);
             assert(is_read && "error reading from image or short read");
         } else {
             compressed_data = get_data_address() + offset;
@@ -444,7 +438,7 @@ void ImageFileReader::get_resource(ImageLocation& location, u1* uncompressed_dat
         }
     } else {
         // Read bytes from offset beyond the image index.
-        bool is_read = read_at(uncompressed_data, uncompressed_size, _index_size + offset);
+        [[maybe_unused]] bool is_read = read_at(uncompressed_data, uncompressed_size, _index_size + offset);
         assert(is_read && "error reading from image or short read");
     }
 }

From 21b0c222dc8369aab89c7b5d18ca859f6cbabaf0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Johan=20Sj=C3=B6len?= <jsjolen@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 09:07:18 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 446/707] 8293983: ValueTearing fails with "torn point NOT
 observed"

Reviewed-by: lfoltan, fparain
---
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/ValueTearing.java    | 363 ------------------
 1 file changed, 363 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ValueTearing.java

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ValueTearing.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ValueTearing.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 1cb9dc1b790..00000000000
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ValueTearing.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,363 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
- *
- * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
- * accompanied this code).
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
- * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *
- * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
- * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
- * questions.
- */
-
-package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
-
-import java.lang.reflect.Array;
-import java.lang.reflect.Field;
-import java.util.Arrays;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.List;
-import java.util.function.Supplier;
-
-import javax.swing.LayoutFocusTraversalPolicy;
-
-import java.util.Optional;
-
-import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
-import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
-import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
-import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
-import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
-import static jdk.test.lib.Asserts.*;
-
-/*
- * @test
- * @ignore
- * @summary Test tearing of inline fields and array elements
- * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
- * @library /test/lib
- * @requires vm.flagless
- * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
- *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
- * @enablePreview
- * @compile ValueTearing.java
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:ForceNonTearable=
- *                   -DSTEP_COUNT=10000 -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
- *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ValueTearing
- */
-
-/*
- * @test
- * @ignore
- * @summary Test tearing of inline fields and array elements
- * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
- * @library /test/lib
- * @requires vm.flagless
- * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
- *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
- * @enablePreview
- * @compile ValueTearing.java
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:ForceNonTearable=*
- *                   -DSTEP_COUNT=10000 -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
- *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ValueTearing
- */
-
-/*
- * @test
- * @ignore
- * @summary Test tearing of inline fields and array elements
- * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
- * @library /test/lib
- * @requires vm.flagless
- * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
- *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
- * @enablePreview
- * @compile ValueTearing.java
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -DSTEP_COUNT=10000000 -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
- *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ValueTearing
- */
-
-/*
- * @test
- * @ignore
- * @summary Test tearing of inline fields and array elements
- * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
- * @library /test/lib
- * @requires vm.flagless
- * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
- *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
- * @enablePreview
- * @compile ValueTearing.java
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:ForceNonTearable=
- *                   -DTEAR_MODE=fieldonly -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
- *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ValueTearing
- */
-
-/*
- * @test
- * @ignore
- * @summary Test tearing of inline fields and array elements
- * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
- * @library /test/lib
- * @requires vm.flagless
- * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
- *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
- * @enablePreview
- * @compile ValueTearing.java
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:ForceNonTearable=
- *                   -DTEAR_MODE=arrayonly -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
- *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ValueTearing
- */
-
-/*
- * @test
- * @ignore
- * @summary Test tearing of inline fields and array elements
- * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
- * @library /test/lib
- * @requires vm.flagless
- * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
- *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
- * @enablePreview
- * @compile ValueTearing.java
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:ForceNonTearable=*
- *                   -DTEAR_MODE=both -XX:+UseFieldFlattening -XX:+UseArrayFlattening
- *                   -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
- *                                   runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ValueTearing
- */
-
-public class ValueTearing {
-    private static final Unsafe UNSAFE = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
-    private static final WhiteBox WHITE_BOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
-    private static final boolean USE_COMPILER = WHITE_BOX.getBooleanVMFlag("UseCompiler");
-    private static final boolean ALWAYS_ATOMIC = WHITE_BOX.getStringVMFlag("ForceNonTearable").contains("*");
-    private static final String TEAR_MODE = System.getProperty("TEAR_MODE", "both");
-    private static final boolean TEAR_FIELD = !TEAR_MODE.equals("arrayonly");
-    private static final boolean TEAR_ARRAY = !TEAR_MODE.equals("fieldonly");
-    private static final int STEP_COUNT = Integer.getInteger("STEP_COUNT", 100_000);
-    private static final boolean TFIELD_FLAT, TARRAY_FLAT;
-    private static final boolean NTFIELD_FLAT, NTARRAY_FLAT;
-    static {
-        try {
-            Field TPB_field = TPointBox.class.getDeclaredField("field");
-            Field TPB_array = TPointBox.class.getDeclaredField("array");
-            Field NTPB_field = NTPointBox.class.getDeclaredField("field");
-            Field NTPB_array = NTPointBox.class.getDeclaredField("array");
-            TFIELD_FLAT = UNSAFE.isFlatField(TPB_field);
-            TARRAY_FLAT = UNSAFE.isFlatArray(TPB_array.getType());
-            NTFIELD_FLAT = UNSAFE.isFlatField(NTPB_field);
-            NTARRAY_FLAT = UNSAFE.isFlatArray(NTPB_array.getType());
-        } catch (ReflectiveOperationException ex) {
-            throw new AssertionError(ex);
-        }
-    }
-    private static final String SETTINGS =
-        String.format("USE_COMPILER=%s ALWAYS_ATOMIC=%s TEAR_MODE=%s STEP_COUNT=%s FLAT TF/TA=%s/%s NTF/NTA=%s/%s",
-                      USE_COMPILER, ALWAYS_ATOMIC, TEAR_MODE, STEP_COUNT,
-                      TFIELD_FLAT, TARRAY_FLAT, NTFIELD_FLAT, NTARRAY_FLAT);
-    private static final String NOTE_TORN_POINT = "Note: torn point";
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        System.out.println(SETTINGS);
-        ValueTearing valueTearing = new ValueTearing();
-        valueTearing.run();
-        // Extra representation check:
-        assert(!NTFIELD_FLAT) : "NT field must be indirect not flat";
-        assert(!NTARRAY_FLAT) : "NT array must be indirect not flat";
-        if (ALWAYS_ATOMIC) {
-            assert(!TFIELD_FLAT) : "field must be indirect not flat";
-            assert(!TARRAY_FLAT) : "array must be indirect not flat";
-        }
-    }
-
-    // A tearable value.
-    @LooselyConsistentValue
-    static value class TPoint {
-        TPoint(long x, long y) { this.x = x; this.y = y; }
-        final long x, y;
-        public String toString() { return String.format("(%d,%d)", x, y); }
-    }
-
-    static class TooTearable extends AssertionError {
-        final Object badPoint;
-        TooTearable(String msg, Object badPoint) {
-            super(msg);
-            this.badPoint = badPoint;
-        }
-    }
-
-    interface PointBox {
-        void step();    // mutate inline value state
-        void check();   // check sanity of inline value state
-    }
-
-    class TPointBox implements PointBox {
-        @NullRestricted
-        TPoint field = new TPoint(0, 0);
-        TPoint[] array = (TPoint[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(TPoint.class, 1, new TPoint(0, 0));
-        // Step the points forward by incrementing their components
-        // "simultaneously".  A racing thread will catch flaws in the
-        // simultaneity.
-        TPoint step(TPoint p) {
-            return new TPoint(p.x + 1, p.y + 1);
-        }
-        public @Override
-        void step() {
-            if (TEAR_FIELD) {
-                field = step(field);
-            }
-            if (TEAR_ARRAY) {
-                array[0] = step(array[0]);
-            }
-            check();
-        }
-        // Invariant:  The components of each point are "always" equal.
-        // As long as simultaneity is preserved, this is true.
-        public @Override
-        void check() {
-            if (TEAR_FIELD) {
-                check(field, "field");
-            }
-            if (TEAR_ARRAY) {
-                check(array[0], "array element");
-            }
-        }
-        void check(TPoint p, String where) {
-            if (p.x == p.y)  return;
-            String msg = String.format("%s %s in %s; settings = %s",
-                                       NOTE_TORN_POINT,
-                                       p, where, SETTINGS);
-            throw new TooTearable(msg, p);
-        }
-        public String toString() {
-            return String.format("TPB[%s, {%s}]", field, array[0]);
-        }
-    }
-
-
-    // A non-tearable version of TPoint.
-    static value class NTPoint {
-        NTPoint(long x, long y) { this.x = x; this.y = y; }
-        final long x, y;
-        public String toString() { return String.format("(%d,%d)", x, y); }
-    }
-
-    class NTPointBox implements PointBox {
-        @NullRestricted
-        NTPoint field = new NTPoint(0, 0);
-        NTPoint[] array = (NTPoint[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(NTPoint.class, 1, new NTPoint(0, 0));
-        // Step the points forward by incrementing their components
-        // "simultaneously".  A racing thread will catch flaws in the
-        // simultaneity.
-        NTPoint step(NTPoint p) {
-            return new NTPoint(p.x + 1, p.y + 1);
-        }
-        public @Override
-        void step() {
-            field = step(field);
-            array[0] = step(array[0]);
-            check();
-        }
-        // Invariant:  The components of each point are "always" equal.
-        public @Override
-        void check() {
-            check(field, "field");
-            check(array[0], "array element");
-        }
-        void check(NTPoint p, String where) {
-            if (p.x == p.y)  return;
-            String msg = String.format("%s *NonTearable* %s in %s; settings = %s",
-                                       NOTE_TORN_POINT,
-                                       p, where, SETTINGS);
-            throw new TooTearable(msg, p);
-        }
-        public String toString() {
-            return String.format("NTPB[%s, {%s}]", field, array[0]);
-        }
-    }
-
-    class AsyncObserver extends Thread {
-        volatile boolean done;
-        long observationCount;
-        final PointBox pointBox;
-        volatile Object badPointObserved;
-        AsyncObserver(PointBox pointBox) {
-            this.pointBox = pointBox;
-        }
-        public void run() {
-            try {
-                while (!done) {
-                    observationCount++;
-                    pointBox.check();
-                }
-            } catch (TooTearable ex) {
-                done = true;
-                badPointObserved = ex.badPoint;
-                System.out.println(ex);
-                if (ALWAYS_ATOMIC || !badPointObserved.getClass().isAnnotationPresent(LooselyConsistentValue.class)) {
-                    throw ex;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    public void run() throws Exception {
-        System.out.println("Test for tearing of NTPoint, which must not happen...");
-        run(new NTPointBox(), false);
-        System.out.println("Test for tearing of TPoint, which "+
-                           (ALWAYS_ATOMIC ? "must not" : "is allowed to")+
-                           " happen...");
-        run(new TPointBox(), ALWAYS_ATOMIC ? false : true);
-    }
-    public void run(PointBox pointBox, boolean canTear) throws Exception {
-        var observer = new AsyncObserver(pointBox);
-        observer.start();
-        for (int i = 0; i < STEP_COUNT; i++) {
-            pointBox.step();
-            if (observer.done)  break;
-        }
-        observer.done = true;
-        observer.join();
-        var obCount = observer.observationCount;
-        var badPoint = observer.badPointObserved;
-        System.out.println(String.format("finished after %d observations at %s; %s",
-                                         obCount, pointBox,
-                                         (badPoint == null
-                                          ? "no tearing observed"
-                                          : "bad point = " + badPoint)));
-        if (canTear && badPoint == null) {
-            var complain = String.format("%s NOT observed after %d observations",
-                                         NOTE_TORN_POINT, obCount);
-            System.out.println("?????? "+complain);
-            if (STEP_COUNT >= 3_000_000) {
-                // If it's a small count, OK, but if it's big the test is broken.
-                throw new AssertionError(complain + ", but it should have been");
-            }
-        }
-        if (!canTear && badPoint != null) {
-            throw new AssertionError("should not reach here; other thread must throw");
-        }
-    }
-}

From 441d51fced99b988e41737d74dd8db221407e4da Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Albert Mingkun Yang <ayang@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 09:47:09 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 447/707] 8389128: G1: Avoid redundant card marks during
 remembered set rebuilding

Reviewed-by: tschatzl, iwalulya
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1OopClosures.inline.hpp | 7 ++++---
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1OopClosures.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1OopClosures.inline.hpp
index 11d3ce71517..80fb1be14dd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1OopClosures.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1OopClosures.inline.hpp
@@ -284,9 +284,10 @@ template <class T> void G1RebuildRemSetClosure::do_oop_work(T* p) {
   G1HeapRegion* to = _g1h->heap_region_containing(obj);
   G1HeapRegionRemSet* rem_set = to->rem_set();
   if (rem_set->is_tracked()) {
-    if (to->is_young()) {
-      G1BarrierSet::g1_barrier_set()->write_ref_field_post(p);
-    } else {
+    // References into young regions are only indicated by the card mark, which
+    // has been dirtied when installing the reference already, so no further
+    // remembering needs to happen.
+    if (!to->is_young()) {
       G1HeapRegion* from = _g1h->heap_region_containing(p);
 
       if (from->rem_set()->cset_group() != rem_set->cset_group()) {

From f1b723bf96a0c088ec3aecfa886db32a7ca062d6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Andrei Rybak <rybak.a.v@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 11:28:42 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 448/707] 8388427: Fix javadoc typos related to {@code} and
 {@linkplain}

Fix javadoc typos related to {@code} and {@linkplain}

Swap around `@` and `{` to the correct order in usages of `{@code ...}`
documentation comments syntax.

Add missing `@` into usages of `{@link ...}` and `{@code ...}` syntax.

Fix typos in a usage of `{@linkplain ...}` syntax.

A similar typo in the javadoc of method `item` in file src/java.xml.crypto/share/classes/com/sun/org/apache/xml/internal/security/signature/Manifest.java
is intentionally left as is, because it is code that is imported from
the Apache Santuario library.  The typo has been fixed in the upstream
repository.

Reviewed-by: jpai, sspitsyn, prr
---
 .../jdk/internal/access/foreign/MappedMemoryUtilsProxy.java | 4 ++--
 .../jdk/internal/foreign/abi/fallback/LibFallback.java      | 6 +++---
 .../share/classes/java/awt/image/AffineTransformOp.java     | 6 +++---
 .../share/classes/java/awt/image/BandedSampleModel.java     | 2 +-
 .../classes/java/awt/image/MultiPixelPackedSampleModel.java | 2 +-
 .../share/classes/java/awt/image/SampleModel.java           | 4 ++--
 .../java/awt/image/SinglePixelPackedSampleModel.java        | 2 +-
 .../share/classes/javax/management/NumericValueExp.java     | 4 ++--
 .../jdk/internal/net/http/quic/QuicConnectionImpl.java      | 2 +-
 test/jdk/tools/jar/JarExtractTest.java                      | 2 +-
 test/lib/jdk/test/lib/TimeLimitedRunner.java                | 4 ++--
 11 files changed, 19 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/access/foreign/MappedMemoryUtilsProxy.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/access/foreign/MappedMemoryUtilsProxy.java
index eb5cf388470..8f9359166b5 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/access/foreign/MappedMemoryUtilsProxy.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/access/foreign/MappedMemoryUtilsProxy.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 import java.io.FileDescriptor;
 
 /**
- * This proxy interface is required to allow access to @{code MappedMemoryUtils} methods from {@code ScopedMemoryAccess}.
+ * This proxy interface is required to allow access to {@code MappedMemoryUtils} methods from {@code ScopedMemoryAccess}.
  * This allows to avoid pesky initialization issues in the middle of memory mapped scoped methods.
  */
 public interface MappedMemoryUtilsProxy {
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/foreign/abi/fallback/LibFallback.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/foreign/abi/fallback/LibFallback.java
index 6fe8dd5f91c..d77982ef502 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/foreign/abi/fallback/LibFallback.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/foreign/abi/fallback/LibFallback.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2023, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ static void doDowncall(MemorySegment cif, MemorySegment target, MemorySegment re
     /**
      * Wrapper for {@code ffi_prep_cif}
      *
-     * @param returnType a pointer to an @{code ffi_type} describing the return type
+     * @param returnType a pointer to an {@code ffi_type} describing the return type
      * @param numArgs the number of arguments
      * @param paramTypes a pointer to an array of pointers, which each point to an {@code ffi_type} describing a
      *                parameter type
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ static MemorySegment prepCif(MemorySegment returnType, int numArgs, MemorySegmen
     /**
      * Wrapper for {@code ffi_prep_cif_var}. The variadic version of prep_cif
      *
-     * @param returnType a pointer to an @{code ffi_type} describing the return type
+     * @param returnType a pointer to an {@code ffi_type} describing the return type
      * @param numFixedArgs the number of fixed arguments
      * @param numTotalArgs the number of total arguments
      * @param paramTypes a pointer to an array of pointers, which each point to an {@code ffi_type} describing a
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/AffineTransformOp.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/AffineTransformOp.java
index 7a3ee8646a7..73e78935dd3 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/AffineTransformOp.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/AffineTransformOp.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ public final int getInterpolationType() {
      * are not necessarily the same as the coordinates of the
      * {@code BufferedImage} returned by this method.  If the
      * application provides a {@code dst} that is always returned.
-     * If {@code dst} is {@code null} and a destination {code BufferedImage}
+     * If {@code dst} is {@code null} and a destination {@code BufferedImage}
      * with the transformed dimensions cannot be created, the {@code src}
      * dimensions will be substituted.
      *
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ else if (origDst != dst) {
      * are not necessarily the same as the coordinates of the
      * {@code WritableRaster} returned by this method.  If the
      * application provides a {@code dst} that is always returned.
-     * If {@code dst} is {@code null} and a destination {code Raster}
+     * If {@code dst} is {@code null} and a destination {@code Raster}
      * with the transformed dimensions cannot be created, the {@code src}
      * dimensions will be substituted.
      * <p>
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/BandedSampleModel.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/BandedSampleModel.java
index 502c82fcaa6..155e0c72257 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/BandedSampleModel.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/BandedSampleModel.java
@@ -669,7 +669,7 @@ public void setDataElements(int x, int y, Object obj, DataBuffer data) {
 
     /**
      * {@inheritDoc}
-     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code iArray} or {code data} is {@code null}.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code iArray} or {@code data} is {@code null}.
      * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the coordinates are
      * not in bounds, or if {@code iArray} is too small to hold the input.
      */
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/MultiPixelPackedSampleModel.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/MultiPixelPackedSampleModel.java
index 997c3bfd8d9..be233b1373d 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/MultiPixelPackedSampleModel.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/MultiPixelPackedSampleModel.java
@@ -485,7 +485,7 @@ public void setSample(int x, int y, int b, int s,
      * @see #setDataElements(int, int, Object, DataBuffer)
      * @throws NullPointerException if {@code data} is {@code null}.
      * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the coordinates are
-     * not in bounds, or if {code obj} is too small to hold the output.
+     * not in bounds, or if {@code obj} is too small to hold the output.
      */
     public Object getDataElements(int x, int y, Object obj, DataBuffer data) {
         if ((x < 0) || (y < 0) || (x >= width) || (y >= height)) {
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/SampleModel.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/SampleModel.java
index 134d7866340..0c4c81d5fd1 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/SampleModel.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/SampleModel.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -1115,7 +1115,7 @@ public double[] getSamples(int x, int y, int w, int h,
      * @param data      The DataBuffer containing the image data.
      * @see #getPixel(int, int, int[], DataBuffer)
      *
-     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code iArray} or {code data} is {@code null}.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code iArray} or {@code data} is {@code null}.
      * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the coordinates are
      * not in bounds, or if {@code iArray} is too small to hold the input.
      */
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/SinglePixelPackedSampleModel.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/SinglePixelPackedSampleModel.java
index 6cca38a9ce8..eb4da744e91 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/SinglePixelPackedSampleModel.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/SinglePixelPackedSampleModel.java
@@ -613,7 +613,7 @@ public void setDataElements(int x, int y, Object obj, DataBuffer data) {
 
     /**
      * {@inheritDoc}
-     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code iArray} or {code data} is {@code null}.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code iArray} or {@code data} is {@code null}.
      * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the coordinates are
      * not in bounds, or if {@code iArray} is too small to hold the input.
      */
diff --git a/src/java.management/share/classes/javax/management/NumericValueExp.java b/src/java.management/share/classes/javax/management/NumericValueExp.java
index b748bb6e629..6a074bfc81f 100644
--- a/src/java.management/share/classes/javax/management/NumericValueExp.java
+++ b/src/java.management/share/classes/javax/management/NumericValueExp.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ class NumericValueExp extends QueryEval implements ValueExp {
     public NumericValueExp() {
     }
 
-    /** Creates a new NumericValue representing the numeric literal @{code val}.*/
+    /** Creates a new NumericValue representing the numeric literal {@code val}.*/
     NumericValueExp(Number val)
     {
       this.val = val;
diff --git a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/quic/QuicConnectionImpl.java b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/quic/QuicConnectionImpl.java
index b13d49ead7d..ed14fc49f19 100644
--- a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/quic/QuicConnectionImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/quic/QuicConnectionImpl.java
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ public static String toString(int state) {
     }
 
     /**
-     * A {link QuicTimedEvent} used to interrupt the handshake
+     * A {@link QuicTimedEvent} used to interrupt the handshake
      * if no response to the first initial packet is received within
      * a reasonable delay (default is ~ 30s).
      * This avoids waiting more than 30s for ConnectionException
diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/jar/JarExtractTest.java b/test/jdk/tools/jar/JarExtractTest.java
index a7fea62d220..c535a9fa8ca 100644
--- a/test/jdk/tools/jar/JarExtractTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/jar/JarExtractTest.java
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ public void testExtractToAbsoluteDir(final String dest) throws Exception {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Extracts a jar to various normalized paths (i.e. no {@code .} or @{code ..} in the path components),
+     * Extracts a jar to various normalized paths (i.e. no {@code .} or {@code ..} in the path components),
      * using the -C/--dir option and then verifies that the extracted content is at the expected locations
      * with the correct content
      */
diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/TimeLimitedRunner.java b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/TimeLimitedRunner.java
index cea92f34405..89156000d04 100644
--- a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/TimeLimitedRunner.java
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/TimeLimitedRunner.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ public TimeLimitedRunner(long timeout, double factor,
     }
 
     /**
-     * Runs @{linkplan target} while it returns true and timeout isn't exceeded
+     * Runs {@linkplain #target} while it returns true and timeout isn't exceeded
      */
     @Override
     public Void call() throws Exception {

From 7ab40336cd0d94e3111f1cfc377ed5b9d38c02ff Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 11:54:51 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 449/707] 8385322: Provide configure flag to disable cds
 archive generation for NOCOOPS and _preview

Reviewed-by: clanger
---
 make/Images.gmk                 | 44 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
 make/autoconf/configure.ac      |  2 ++
 make/autoconf/jdk-options.m4    | 17 ++++++++++++-
 make/autoconf/spec.gmk.template |  2 ++
 4 files changed, 55 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/make/Images.gmk b/make/Images.gmk
index 9b70c82eee9..9d4e93a1fd7 100644
--- a/make/Images.gmk
+++ b/make/Images.gmk
@@ -194,24 +194,50 @@ endef
 ifeq ($(BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE), true)
   $(foreach v, $(JVM_VARIANTS), \
     $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,,)) \
-    $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,,_preview)) \
   )
 
-  ifeq ($(call isTargetCpuBits, 64), true)
+  ifeq ($(BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE_PREVIEW), true)
     $(foreach v, $(JVM_VARIANTS), \
-      $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,_nocoops,)) \
-      $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,_nocoops,_preview)) \
+      $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,,_preview)) \
     )
-    ifeq ($(BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE_NOCOH), true)
+  endif
+
+  ifeq ($(call isTargetCpuBits, 64), true)
+    ifeq ($(BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE_NOCOOPS), true)
       $(foreach v, $(JVM_VARIANTS), \
-        $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,_nocoh)) \
-        $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,_nocoh,_preview)) \
+        $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,_nocoops,)) \
       )
+    endif
+
+    ifeq ($(BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE_PREVIEW)+$(BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE_NOCOOPS), true+true)
       $(foreach v, $(JVM_VARIANTS), \
-        $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,_nocoops_nocoh)) \
-        $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,_nocoops_nocoh,_preview)) \
+        $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,_nocoops,_preview)) \
       )
     endif
+
+    ifeq ($(BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE_NOCOH), true)
+      $(foreach v, $(JVM_VARIANTS), \
+        $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,_nocoh)) \
+      )
+
+      ifeq ($(BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE_PREVIEW), true)
+        $(foreach v, $(JVM_VARIANTS), \
+          $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,_nocoh,_preview)) \
+        )
+      endif
+
+      ifeq ($(BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE_NOCOOPS), true)
+        $(foreach v, $(JVM_VARIANTS), \
+          $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,_nocoops_nocoh)) \
+        )
+      endif
+
+      ifeq ($(BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE_PREVIEW)+$(BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE_NOCOOPS), true+true)
+        $(foreach v, $(JVM_VARIANTS), \
+          $(eval $(call CreateCDSArchive,$v,_nocoops_nocoh,_preview)) \
+        )
+      endif
+    endif
   endif
 endif
 
diff --git a/make/autoconf/configure.ac b/make/autoconf/configure.ac
index 6d65ad93c40..59380cdfe44 100644
--- a/make/autoconf/configure.ac
+++ b/make/autoconf/configure.ac
@@ -261,6 +261,8 @@ JDKOPT_ENABLE_DISABLE_GENERATE_CLASSLIST
 JDKOPT_EXCLUDE_TRANSLATIONS
 JDKOPT_ENABLE_DISABLE_CDS_ARCHIVE
 JDKOPT_ENABLE_DISABLE_CDS_ARCHIVE_NOCOH
+JDKOPT_ENABLE_DISABLE_CDS_ARCHIVE_NOCOOPS
+JDKOPT_ENABLE_DISABLE_CDS_ARCHIVE_PREVIEW
 JDKOPT_ENABLE_DISABLE_COMPATIBLE_CDS_ALIGNMENT
 JDKOPT_SETUP_MACOSX_SIGNING
 JDKOPT_SETUP_SIGNING_HOOK
diff --git a/make/autoconf/jdk-options.m4 b/make/autoconf/jdk-options.m4
index 5b57a4a1869..9abc849f008 100644
--- a/make/autoconf/jdk-options.m4
+++ b/make/autoconf/jdk-options.m4
@@ -797,7 +797,6 @@ AC_DEFUN([JDKOPT_ENABLE_DISABLE_CDS_ARCHIVE_NOCOH],
 [
   UTIL_ARG_ENABLE(NAME: cds-archive-nocoh, DEFAULT: auto, RESULT: BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE_NOCOH,
       DESC: [enable generation of default CDS archives for no compact object headers (requires --enable-cds-archive)],
-      DEFAULT_DESC: [auto],
       CHECKING_MSG: [if default CDS archives for no compact object headers should be generated],
       CHECK_AVAILABLE: [
         AC_MSG_CHECKING([if CDS archive with no compact object headers is available])
@@ -820,6 +819,22 @@ AC_DEFUN([JDKOPT_ENABLE_DISABLE_CDS_ARCHIVE_NOCOH],
   AC_SUBST(BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE_NOCOH)
 ])
 
+AC_DEFUN([JDKOPT_ENABLE_DISABLE_CDS_ARCHIVE_NOCOOPS],
+[
+  UTIL_ARG_ENABLE(NAME: cds-archive-nocoops, DEFAULT: true, RESULT: BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE_NOCOOPS,
+      DESC: [enable generation of no compressed oops CDS archives (requires --enable-cds-archive)],
+      CHECKING_MSG: [if default CDS archives for no compressed oops should be generated])
+  AC_SUBST(BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE_NOCOOPS)
+])
+
+AC_DEFUN([JDKOPT_ENABLE_DISABLE_CDS_ARCHIVE_PREVIEW],
+[
+  UTIL_ARG_ENABLE(NAME: cds-archive-preview, DEFAULT: true, RESULT: BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE_PREVIEW,
+      DESC: [enable generation of preview CDS archives (requires --enable-cds-archive)],
+      CHECKING_MSG: [if default CDS archives for preview should be generated])
+  AC_SUBST(BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE_PREVIEW)
+])
+
 ################################################################################
 #
 # Enable the alternative CDS core region alignment
diff --git a/make/autoconf/spec.gmk.template b/make/autoconf/spec.gmk.template
index 25211a25dc9..3779ec32e45 100644
--- a/make/autoconf/spec.gmk.template
+++ b/make/autoconf/spec.gmk.template
@@ -372,6 +372,8 @@ EXCLUDE_TRANSLATIONS := @EXCLUDE_TRANSLATIONS@
 
 BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE := @BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE@
 BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE_NOCOH := @BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE_NOCOH@
+BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE_NOCOOPS := @BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE_NOCOOPS@
+BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE_PREVIEW := @BUILD_CDS_ARCHIVE_PREVIEW@
 
 ENABLE_COMPATIBLE_CDS_ALIGNMENT := @ENABLE_COMPATIBLE_CDS_ALIGNMENT@
 

From fc51e5e2f3497341ebe17ec31fadd57445224f71 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Marc Chevalier <mchevalier@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 13:17:52 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 450/707] 8389512: [lworld] Stale acmp profile data causes
 repeated deoptimization

Reviewed-by: thartmann, chagedorn
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
index 397c6421c6d..ff96bb0971d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
@@ -2108,13 +2108,13 @@ void Parse::do_acmp(BoolTest::mask btest, Node* left, Node* right) {
   // Leverage profiling at acmp
   if (UseACmpProfile) {
     method()->acmp_profiled_type(bci(), left_type, right_type, left_ptr, right_ptr, left_inline_type, right_inline_type);
-    if (too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::Reason_class_check)) {
+    if (too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::Reason_class_check) || too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::Reason_speculate_class_check)) {
       left_type = nullptr;
       right_type = nullptr;
       left_inline_type = true;
       right_inline_type = true;
     }
-    if (too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::Reason_null_check)) {
+    if (too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::Reason_null_check) || too_many_traps_or_recompiles(Deoptimization::Reason_null_assert)) {
       left_ptr = ProfileUnknownNull;
       right_ptr = ProfileUnknownNull;
     }

From ec53c3dd3832f9f1f577c4a4a89e0e343da9ab8b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Chen Liang <liach@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 14:19:18 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 451/707] 8389705: RawBytecodeHelper doesn't check bounds
 passed to unsafe code

Reviewed-by: vyazici
---
 .../internal/classfile/impl/RawBytecodeHelper.java    |  7 ++++++-
 test/jdk/jdk/classfile/UtilTest.java                  | 11 +++++++++--
 2 files changed, 15 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/RawBytecodeHelper.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/RawBytecodeHelper.java
index 70b0ef6c612..3f528ebd6b1 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/RawBytecodeHelper.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/RawBytecodeHelper.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -247,6 +247,11 @@ public IllegalArgumentException apply(String s) {
             JSR_W = 201;
 
     public record CodeRange(byte[] array, int length) {
+        public CodeRange {
+            // Don't use IAE formatter - this length comes from implementation, any
+            // out-of-bounds is an implementation defect instead of a user error
+            Preconditions.checkIndex(length, array.length + 1, Preconditions.AIOOBE_FORMATTER);
+        }
         public RawBytecodeHelper start() {
             return new RawBytecodeHelper(this);
         }
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/UtilTest.java b/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/UtilTest.java
index cc41a326045..82ca39fb010 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/UtilTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/UtilTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 8338546
+ * @bug 8338546 8389705
  * @summary Testing ClassFile Util.
  * @library java.base
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.constant
@@ -137,4 +137,11 @@ void testOpcodeLengthTable() {
 
         assertArrayEquals(lengths, RawBytecodeHelper.LENGTHS);
     }
+
+    @Test
+    void testRawBytecodeHelperCodeRangeCheck() {
+        assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> RawBytecodeHelper.of(new byte[0], 1));
+        assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> RawBytecodeHelper.of(new byte[1], Integer.MAX_VALUE));
+        assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> RawBytecodeHelper.of(new byte[16], -42));
+    }
 }

From 09e226c06c954aec32e7eefbe05dc052b17cc5d0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 15:03:50 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 452/707] 8387957: G1: Investigate merging G1EdenRegions and
 G1SurvivorRegions

Reviewed-by: iwalulya, ayang
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp   |  3 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1EdenRegions.hpp     | 66 -------------------
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp          |  2 +-
 ...SurvivorRegions.cpp => g1YoungRegions.cpp} | 40 +++++------
 ...SurvivorRegions.hpp => g1YoungRegions.hpp} | 57 ++++++++++------
 5 files changed, 61 insertions(+), 107 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1EdenRegions.hpp
 rename src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/{g1SurvivorRegions.cpp => g1YoungRegions.cpp} (69%)
 rename src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/{g1SurvivorRegions.hpp => g1YoungRegions.hpp} (57%)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
index 3f8b0d179c0..7065af13c77 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@
 #include "gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1CollectorState.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.hpp"
-#include "gc/g1/g1EdenRegions.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1EvacStats.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1HeapRegionAttr.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1HeapRegionManager.hpp"
@@ -43,8 +42,8 @@
 #include "gc/g1/g1MonotonicArenaFreeMemoryTask.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1MonotonicArenaFreePool.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1NUMA.hpp"
-#include "gc/g1/g1SurvivorRegions.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1YoungGCAllocationFailureInjector.hpp"
+#include "gc/g1/g1YoungRegions.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/gcHeapSummary.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1EdenRegions.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1EdenRegions.hpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 14a2eb65329..00000000000
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1EdenRegions.hpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
- *
- * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
- * accompanied this code).
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
- * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *
- * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
- * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
- * questions.
- *
- */
-
-#ifndef SHARE_GC_G1_G1EDENREGIONS_HPP
-#define SHARE_GC_G1_G1EDENREGIONS_HPP
-
-#include "gc/g1/g1HeapRegion.hpp"
-#include "gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.hpp"
-#include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
-#include "runtime/globals.hpp"
-#include "utilities/debug.hpp"
-
-class G1EdenRegions {
-  uint _length;
-  // Sum of used bytes from all retired eden regions.
-  // I.e. updated when mutator regions are retired.
-  Atomic<size_t> _used_bytes;
-  G1RegionsOnNodes  _regions_on_node;
-
-public:
-  G1EdenRegions() : _length(0), _used_bytes(0), _regions_on_node() { }
-
-  void add(G1HeapRegion* hr) {
-    assert(hr->is_eden(), "must be");
-    _length++;
-    _regions_on_node.add(hr);
-  }
-
-  void clear() {
-    _length = 0;
-    _used_bytes.store_relaxed(0);
-    _regions_on_node.clear();
-  }
-
-  uint length() const { return _length; }
-  uint regions_on_node(uint node_index) const { return _regions_on_node.count(node_index); }
-
-  size_t used_bytes() const { return _used_bytes.load_relaxed(); }
-
-  void add_used_bytes(size_t used_bytes) {
-    _used_bytes.add_then_fetch(used_bytes, memory_order_relaxed);
-  }
-};
-
-#endif // SHARE_GC_G1_G1EDENREGIONS_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
index f9b1c182a38..866f0ce0245 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@
 #include "gc/g1/g1HeapRegionRemSet.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1IHOPControl.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1Policy.hpp"
-#include "gc/g1/g1SurvivorRegions.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1YoungGenSizer.hpp"
+#include "gc/g1/g1YoungRegions.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/concurrentGCBreakpoints.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/gcPolicyCounters.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/gcTraceTime.inline.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SurvivorRegions.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungRegions.cpp
similarity index 69%
rename from src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SurvivorRegions.cpp
rename to src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungRegions.cpp
index 806df4abacb..9e8635a10ed 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SurvivorRegions.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungRegions.cpp
@@ -23,27 +23,34 @@
  */
 
 #include "gc/g1/g1HeapRegion.hpp"
-#include "gc/g1/g1SurvivorRegions.hpp"
+#include "gc/g1/g1YoungRegions.hpp"
 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
 #include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
 
-G1SurvivorRegions::G1SurvivorRegions() :
-  _regions(8, mtGC),
-  _used_bytes(0),
-  _regions_on_node() {}
+void G1YoungRegions::add_to_nodes(G1HeapRegion* r) {
+  _regions_on_node.add(r);
+}
+
+void G1YoungRegions::clear_data() {
+  _used_bytes.store_relaxed(0);
+  _regions_on_node.clear();
+}
 
-void G1SurvivorRegions::add(G1HeapRegion* hr) {
-  assert(hr->is_survivor(), "should be flagged as survivor region");
-  _regions.append(hr);
-  _regions_on_node.add(hr);
+void G1EdenRegions::add(G1HeapRegion* r) {
+  assert(r->is_eden(), "must be");
+  add_to_nodes(r);
+  _length++;
 }
 
-uint G1SurvivorRegions::length() const {
-  return (uint)_regions.length();
+void G1EdenRegions::clear() {
+  clear_data();
+  _length = 0;
 }
 
-uint G1SurvivorRegions::regions_on_node(uint node_index) const {
-  return _regions_on_node.count(node_index);
+void G1SurvivorRegions::add(G1HeapRegion* r) {
+  assert(r->is_survivor(), "should be flagged as survivor region");
+  add_to_nodes(r);
+  _regions.append(r);
 }
 
 void G1SurvivorRegions::convert_to_eden() {
@@ -54,11 +61,6 @@ void G1SurvivorRegions::convert_to_eden() {
 }
 
 void G1SurvivorRegions::clear() {
+  clear_data();
   _regions.clear();
-  _used_bytes.store_relaxed(0);
-  _regions_on_node.clear();
-}
-
-void G1SurvivorRegions::add_used_bytes(size_t used_bytes) {
-  _used_bytes.add_then_fetch(used_bytes, memory_order_relaxed);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SurvivorRegions.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungRegions.hpp
similarity index 57%
rename from src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SurvivorRegions.hpp
rename to src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungRegions.hpp
index 5ced2fced3c..9818ae0686c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1SurvivorRegions.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungRegions.hpp
@@ -22,44 +22,63 @@
  *
  */
 
-#ifndef SHARE_GC_G1_G1SURVIVORREGIONS_HPP
-#define SHARE_GC_G1_G1SURVIVORREGIONS_HPP
+#ifndef SHARE_GC_G1_G1YOUNGREGIONS_HPP
+#define SHARE_GC_G1_G1YOUNGREGIONS_HPP
 
 #include "gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.hpp"
 #include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
 #include "runtime/globals.hpp"
 #include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
 
-template <typename T>
-class GrowableArray;
 class G1HeapRegion;
 
-// Set of current survivor regions.
-class G1SurvivorRegions {
-  GrowableArray<G1HeapRegion*> _regions;
+// Common base class for tracking information about Eden and Survivor region sets.
+class G1YoungRegions {
   Atomic<size_t> _used_bytes;
   G1RegionsOnNodes _regions_on_node;
 
+protected:
+  void add_to_nodes(G1HeapRegion* r);
+  void clear_data();
+
+  G1YoungRegions() : _used_bytes(0), _regions_on_node() { }
+  ~G1YoungRegions() = default;
+  NONCOPYABLE(G1YoungRegions);
+
 public:
-  G1SurvivorRegions();
+  uint regions_on_node(uint node_index) const { return _regions_on_node.count(node_index); }
+
+  void add_used_bytes(size_t used_bytes) { _used_bytes.add_then_fetch(used_bytes, memory_order_relaxed); }
+  size_t used_bytes() const { return _used_bytes.load_relaxed(); }
+};
 
-  void add(G1HeapRegion* hr);
+class G1EdenRegions : public G1YoungRegions {
+  uint _length;
 
-  void convert_to_eden();
+public:
+  G1EdenRegions() : G1YoungRegions(), _length(0) { }
 
+  void add(G1HeapRegion* r);
   void clear();
 
-  uint length() const;
-  uint regions_on_node(uint node_index) const;
+  uint length() const { return _length; }
+};
 
-  const GrowableArray<G1HeapRegion*>& regions() const {
-    return _regions;
-  }
+// Set of current survivor regions.
+class G1SurvivorRegions : public G1YoungRegions {
+  GrowableArray<G1HeapRegion*> _regions;
 
-  // Used bytes of all survivor regions.
-  size_t used_bytes() const { return _used_bytes.load_relaxed(); }
+public:
+  G1SurvivorRegions() : G1YoungRegions(), _regions(8, mtGC) { }
+
+  void add(G1HeapRegion* r);
+  void clear();
+
+  uint length() const { return (uint)_regions.length(); }
+
+  void convert_to_eden();
 
-  void add_used_bytes(size_t used_bytes);
+  const GrowableArray<G1HeapRegion*>& regions() const { return _regions; }
 };
 
-#endif // SHARE_GC_G1_G1SURVIVORREGIONS_HPP
+#endif // SHARE_GC_G1_G1YOUNGREGIONS_HPP

From 957b5b22dd1165fbe4ce19664be11092caa6a95f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matias Saavedra Silva <matsaave@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 15:07:17 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 453/707] 8388631: Copy StackMapTable for the current frame

Reviewed-by: coleenp, fparain, liach
---
 src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapFrame.hpp | 15 ++++-
 src/hotspot/share/classfile/verifier.cpp      |  8 ++-
 .../verifier/ControlFlowAlias.jasm            | 57 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../verifier/StrictInstanceFieldsTest.java    | 15 ++++-
 4 files changed, 91 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/ControlFlowAlias.jasm

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapFrame.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapFrame.hpp
index a133c71af67..3a92dcd9b47 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapFrame.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapFrame.hpp
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ class StackMapFrame : public ResourceObj {
         _stack[i] = VerificationType::bogus_type();
       }
     }
-    _assert_unset_fields = cp._assert_unset_fields;
+    set_assert_unset_fields(cp.assert_unset_fields());
     _verifier = nullptr;
   }
 
@@ -139,6 +139,8 @@ class StackMapFrame : public ResourceObj {
     return new StackMapFrame(*smf);
   }
 
+  StackMapFrame& operator=(StackMapFrame const&) = delete;
+
   inline void set_offset(int32_t offset)      { _offset = offset; }
   inline void set_verifier(ClassVerifier* v)  { _verifier = v; }
   inline void set_flags(u1 flags)             { _flags = flags; }
@@ -160,8 +162,17 @@ class StackMapFrame : public ResourceObj {
     return _assert_unset_fields;
   }
 
+  static AssertUnsetFieldTable* copy_unset_fields(AssertUnsetFieldTable* unset_fields) {
+    AssertUnsetFieldTable* new_table = new AssertUnsetFieldTable();
+    auto copy_unset_field = [&] (const NameAndSig& key, const bool& value) {
+      new_table->put(key, value);
+    };
+    unset_fields->iterate_all(copy_unset_field);
+    return new_table;
+  }
+
   void set_assert_unset_fields(AssertUnsetFieldTable* table) {
-    _assert_unset_fields = table;
+    _assert_unset_fields = copy_unset_fields(table);
   }
 
   // Called when verifying putfields to mark strict instance fields as satisfied
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verifier.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verifier.cpp
index 5f454b7f679..b0ded20b6f8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verifier.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/verifier.cpp
@@ -748,6 +748,12 @@ void ClassVerifier::verify_method(const methodHandle& m, TRAPS) {
     }
   }
 
+  // The stackmap table will receive a read-only deep copy of the initial strict fields since
+  // the "current frame" will modify this table when a putfield is encountered during verification.
+  // When parsing the StackMapTable attribute, the reader will allocate new tables for frames if
+  // they are EARLY_LARVAL, otherwise this read-only initial set will be shared.
+  StackMapFrame::AssertUnsetFieldTable* read_only_strict_fields = StackMapFrame::copy_unset_fields(strict_fields);
+
   // Initial stack map frame: offset is 0, stack is initially empty.
   StackMapFrame current_frame(max_locals, max_stack, strict_fields, this);
   // Set initial locals
@@ -776,7 +782,7 @@ void ClassVerifier::verify_method(const methodHandle& m, TRAPS) {
 
   Array<u1>* stackmap_data = m->stackmap_data();
   StackMapStream stream(stackmap_data);
-  StackMapReader reader(this, &stream, code_data, code_length, &current_frame, max_locals, max_stack, strict_fields, THREAD);
+  StackMapReader reader(this, &stream, code_data, code_length, &current_frame, max_locals, max_stack, read_only_strict_fields, THREAD);
   StackMapTable stackmap_table(&reader, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 
   LogTarget(Debug, verification) lt;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/ControlFlowAlias.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/ControlFlowAlias.jasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..89035f3ada3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/ControlFlowAlias.jasm
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+class ControlFlowAlias extends Parent {
+    @Strict int x;
+
+    ControlFlowAlias(boolean a) {
+        if (a) {
+            x = 0;
+        }
+        super(); // FAIL: Strict field x never set on this path AND stackmap is wrong
+    }
+}
+*/
+
+identity class ControlFlowAlias extends Parent version 72:65535
+{
+  strict Field x:I;
+
+  Method       "<init>":"(Z)V"
+    stack 2 locals 2
+  {
+         iload_1;
+         ifeq              L12;
+         aload_0;
+         iconst_1;
+         putfield          Field x:"I";
+         goto              L15;
+  L12:   stack_frame_type  same;
+         goto              L15;
+  L15:   stack_frame_type  same;
+         aload_0;
+         invokespecial     Method Parent."<init>":"()V";
+         return;
+  }
+} // End of ControlFlowAlias
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictInstanceFieldsTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictInstanceFieldsTest.java
index b74fcc90676..3a0de0c89d0 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictInstanceFieldsTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictInstanceFieldsTest.java
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
  *          BadChild1.jasm
  *          StrictFieldNotSubset.jasm
  *          ControlFlowChildBad.jasm
+ *          ControlFlowAlias.jasm
  *          TryCatchChildBad.jasm
  *          NestedEarlyLarval.jcod
  *          EndsInEarlyLarval.jcod
@@ -44,6 +45,7 @@
  * @run main/othervm -Xlog:verification StrictInstanceFieldsTest
  */
 
+import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
 import jdk.test.lib.helpers.StrictInit;
 
@@ -51,7 +53,15 @@ public class StrictInstanceFieldsTest {
 
     public static <T> void negativeTest(Class<T> clazz, String msg, boolean... args) throws Exception {
         try {
-            T child = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance(args);
+            Class<?>[] parameters = new Class<?>[args.length];
+            Object[] ctorArgs = new Object[args.length];
+            Arrays.fill(parameters, boolean.class);
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
+                ctorArgs[i] = new Boolean(args[i]);
+            }
+
+            T child = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor(parameters).newInstance(ctorArgs);
             System.out.println(child);
             throw new RuntimeException("Should fail verification");
         } catch (java.lang.VerifyError e) {
@@ -112,6 +122,9 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         // Constructor with control flow but field is not initialized
         negativeTest(ControlFlowChildBad.class, "Inconsistent stackmap frames at branch target", true, false);
 
+        // Constructor with control flow but field is not initialized and stackmap is malformed
+        negativeTest(ControlFlowAlias.class, "All strict final fields must be initialized before super()", false);
+
         // Constructor with try-catch but field is not initialized
         negativeTest(TryCatchChildBad.class, "Inconsistent stackmap frames at branch target");
 

From 8f6db4179d0267688972820dc8659549fe35a3f7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Shiv Shah <shiv.shah@oracle.com>
Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 15:32:24 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 454/707] 8388799: ClhsdbLongConstant should not assert a
 specific value for VM_Version::CPU_SHA

Reviewed-by: epavlova, cjplummer
---
 .../serviceability/sa/ClhsdbLongConstant.java   | 17 +++++++++++++----
 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/sa/ClhsdbLongConstant.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/sa/ClhsdbLongConstant.java
index e0fed251f73..d6f957d4a3a 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/sa/ClhsdbLongConstant.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/sa/ClhsdbLongConstant.java
@@ -104,10 +104,9 @@ private static void checkForTruncation(String longConstantOutput) throws Excepti
 
         String arch = System.getProperty("os.arch");
         if (arch.equals("amd64") || arch.equals("i386") || arch.equals("x86")) {
-            // Expected value obtained from the CPU_SHA definition in vm_version_x86.hpp
-            checkLongValue("VM_Version::CPU_SHA ",
-                           longConstantOutput,
-                           33L);
+            // CPU_SHA is a feature-flag bit index that shifts when a CPU feature is added,
+            // so its value is not asserted; presence confirms output was not truncated.
+            checkLongValuePresent("VM_Version::CPU_SHA ", longConstantOutput);
         }
     }
 
@@ -122,4 +121,14 @@ private static void checkLongValue(String constName, String longConstantOutput,
                                  ". Obtained " + readValue + " instead.");
         }
     }
+
+    private static void checkLongValuePresent(String constName, String longConstantOutput)
+            throws Exception {
+        String[] snippets = longConstantOutput.split(constName);
+        if (snippets.length < 2) {
+            throw new Exception("Reading " + constName +
+                                ". Constant not found (output may be truncated).");
+        }
+        Long.parseLong(snippets[1].split("\\R")[0].trim()); // value intentionally not checked
+    }
 }

From 5121008600e61fc931c486504aad4fecbd46f587 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Mohamed Issa <missa@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 16:00:11 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 455/707] 8388882: Disable automatic integer spills to floating
 point registers on Intel platforms

Reviewed-by: sviswanathan, aph, mhaessig, drwhite
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp | 7 ++++++-
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
index c620cce17b5..3c4f00d19d5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
@@ -1794,7 +1794,12 @@ void VM_Version::get_processor_features() {
     }
 #ifdef COMPILER2
     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseFPUForSpilling) && supports_sse4_2()) {
-      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseFPUForSpilling, true);
+      // Spilling to FPU registers not beneficial on Haswell and beyond
+      if (UseAVX > 1) {
+        FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseFPUForSpilling, false);
+      } else {
+        FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseFPUForSpilling, true);
+      }
     }
 #endif
   }

From f43bcd4e7bae2589f7eb32bdb1d088ec8d60315a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David CARLIER <devnexen@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 17:39:06 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 456/707] 8389611:
 vframeStreamCommon::skip_prefixed_method_and_wrappers: unsigned underflow in
 prefix length leads to out-of-bounds read

Reviewed-by: lmesnik, sspitsyn
---
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.cpp          |  5 +-
 .../PrefixedNativeStackWalk.java              | 93 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../libPrefixedNativeStackWalk.cpp            | 83 +++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 180 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/SetNativeMethodPrefix/PrefixedNativeStackWalk.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/SetNativeMethodPrefix/libPrefixedNativeStackWalk.cpp

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.cpp
index 02386537004..3d71e969222 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.cpp
@@ -575,8 +575,11 @@ void vframeStreamCommon::skip_prefixed_method_and_wrappers() {
     }
     const char* name = method()->name()->as_C_string();
     size_t name_len = strlen(name);
+    if (name_len >= prefixed_name_len) {
+      break; // the name can't be the unprefixed version of prefixed_name
+    }
     size_t prefix_len = prefixed_name_len - name_len;
-    if (prefix_len <= 0 || strcmp(name, prefixed_name + prefix_len) != 0) {
+    if (strcmp(name, prefixed_name + prefix_len) != 0) {
       break; // prefixed name isn't prefixed version of method name, can't be a wrapper
     }
     for (; prefix_index >= 0; --prefix_index) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/SetNativeMethodPrefix/PrefixedNativeStackWalk.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/SetNativeMethodPrefix/PrefixedNativeStackWalk.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d7c694c3438
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/SetNativeMethodPrefix/PrefixedNativeStackWalk.java
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8389611
+ * @summary Walking the stack over a JVMTI-prefixed native method must not
+ *          underflow the prefix length when the calling method has a longer name.
+ * @requires vm.jvmti
+ * @run main/othervm/native -agentlib:PrefixedNativeStackWalk PrefixedNativeStackWalk
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Regression test for the unsigned underflow in
+ * vframeStreamCommon::skip_prefixed_method_and_wrappers() (vframe.cpp).
+ *
+ * The agent registers "wrapped_" as a native method prefix, so resolving the
+ * native wrapped_go() strips the prefix, finds the non-native go() and binds
+ * wrapped_go() to go()'s native entry point. That marks wrapped_go() as a
+ * prefixed native method, which is what makes a security stack walk enter
+ * skip_prefixed_method_and_wrappers().
+ *
+ * While the native method runs, the stack is
+ *
+ *     wrapped_go()                        <- prefixed native
+ *     go()                                <- wrapper
+ *     callerFrameWithALongerMethodName()  <- same class, longer name
+ *     main()
+ *
+ * and the native code asks the VM for the calling class at depth 1 (see the
+ * library) to make it walk that chain. After the wrapper frame is matched the
+ * name being stripped is "go", and the next frame in the same class has a
+ * longer name, so
+ *
+ *     size_t prefix_len = prefixed_name_len - name_len;
+ *
+ * underflows. The old guard, prefix_len <= 0, is never true for an unsigned
+ * type, so strcmp() went on to read at prefixed_name + prefix_len, i.e. before
+ * the string. The fixed code stops as soon as the name is not shorter.
+ *
+ * Note that the over-read is a single byte inside the resource area, so an
+ * unfixed VM does not reliably fail here; it is undefined behaviour that shows
+ * up under a sanitizer build. What this test always covers is the path itself:
+ * the walk must terminate at the expected frame and the VM must stay healthy.
+ */
+
+public class PrefixedNativeStackWalk {
+
+    // Resolved through the "wrapped_" prefix registered by the agent, so this
+    // ends up bound to Java_PrefixedNativeStackWalk_go() and is flagged as a
+    // prefixed native method.
+    private static native boolean wrapped_go();
+
+    // The wrapper method the prefix mechanism looks for: same class, same
+    // signature, not native.
+    private static boolean go() {
+        return wrapped_go();
+    }
+
+    // Calls the wrapper from the same class under a longer name. The length
+    // difference to go() is what used to make the prefix length underflow, so
+    // this method must keep a name longer than the wrapper's.
+    private static boolean callerFrameWithALongerMethodName() {
+        return go();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        if (!callerFrameWithALongerMethodName()) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Stack walk over the prefixed native method failed");
+        }
+        System.out.println("Test PASSED");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/SetNativeMethodPrefix/libPrefixedNativeStackWalk.cpp b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/SetNativeMethodPrefix/libPrefixedNativeStackWalk.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a147368f527
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/SetNativeMethodPrefix/libPrefixedNativeStackWalk.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include <string.h>
+#include "jvmti.h"
+#include "jvmti_common.hpp"
+
+extern "C" {
+
+static const char* const NATIVE_METHOD_PREFIX = "wrapped_";
+
+// Implements PrefixedNativeStackWalk.wrapped_go(): the "wrapped_" prefix is
+// stripped when the VM resolves wrapped_go(), so the entry point it looks for
+// is the one of the wrapper method, go().
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
+Java_PrefixedNativeStackWalk_go(JNIEnv* jni, jclass cls) {
+  // RegisterNatives on a class of a named module loaded by the boot loader makes
+  // the VM determine the calling class at depth 1. That walk steps over this
+  // prefixed native frame and its wrapper, which is the code under test. Passing
+  // no methods keeps the call itself a no-op: nothing is (re-)bound.
+  jclass boot_cls = jni->FindClass("java/lang/String");
+  if (boot_cls == nullptr) {
+    LOG("FindClass(java/lang/String) failed\n");
+    return JNI_FALSE;
+  }
+  // No methods to register: the walk happens before the (empty) method list is
+  // looked at, so the list itself is never read.
+  jint res = jni->RegisterNatives(boot_cls, nullptr, 0);
+  if (res != 0) {
+    LOG("RegisterNatives returned %d, expected 0\n", (int)res);
+    return JNI_FALSE;
+  }
+  LOG("Stack walk over the prefixed native method completed\n");
+  return JNI_TRUE;
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Agent_OnLoad(JavaVM* jvm, char* options, void* reserved) {
+  jvmtiEnv* jvmti = nullptr;
+  if (jvm->GetEnv((void**)&jvmti, JVMTI_VERSION) != JNI_OK || jvmti == nullptr) {
+    LOG("Could not initialize JVMTI env\n");
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+
+  jvmtiCapabilities caps;
+  memset(&caps, 0, sizeof(caps));
+  caps.can_set_native_method_prefix = 1;
+
+  jvmtiError err = jvmti->AddCapabilities(&caps);
+  if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+    LOG("AddCapabilities failed with %d\n", err);
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+
+  err = jvmti->SetNativeMethodPrefix(NATIVE_METHOD_PREFIX);
+  if (err != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+    LOG("SetNativeMethodPrefix(\"%s\") failed with %d\n", NATIVE_METHOD_PREFIX, err);
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+  return JNI_OK;
+}
+
+} // extern "C"

From 508545882069d6c8ee957f0eae3b6eee3afa06ab Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Coleen Phillimore <coleenp@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 17:55:29 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 457/707] 8287010: Port TraceDeoptimization to UL

Reviewed-by: dholmes, kvn, dlong
---
 src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Runtime1.cpp          |  28 +-
 src/hotspot/share/oops/method.cpp             |   2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp       |   2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp  | 295 +++++++++---------
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.hpp  |   2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp         |  10 -
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp      |  40 +--
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.hpp      |   6 +-
 .../share/runtime/stackValueCollection.cpp    |  24 +-
 .../share/runtime/stackValueCollection.hpp    |   5 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/threads.cpp         |   2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.cpp          |  26 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.hpp          |   2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframeArray.cpp     | 157 +++++-----
 src/hotspot/share/utilities/debug.cpp         |   6 +-
 .../TestDeoptDetailsLockRank.java             |   4 +-
 .../compiler/uncommontrap/TestDeoptOOM.java   |   2 +-
 ...stPrintDiagnosticsWithoutProfileTraps.java |   4 +-
 .../TraceDeoptimizationNoRealloc.java         |   4 +-
 .../inlinetypes/TestArrayAccessDeopt.java     |   2 +-
 .../runtime/logging/DeoptLoggingTest.java     | 119 +++++++
 21 files changed, 412 insertions(+), 330 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/logging/DeoptLoggingTest.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Runtime1.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Runtime1.cpp
index 96682a7a3e7..118758f3ea4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Runtime1.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Runtime1.cpp
@@ -1236,19 +1236,17 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, Runtime1::patch_code(JavaThread* current, StubId stub_id ))
     // At compile time we assumed the field wasn't volatile but after
     // loading it turns out it was volatile so we have to throw the
     // compiled code out and let it be regenerated.
-    if (TracePatching) {
-      if (deoptimize_for_volatile) {
-        tty->print_cr("Deoptimizing for patching volatile field reference");
-      }
-      if (deoptimize_for_null_free) {
-        tty->print_cr("Deoptimizing for patching null-free field reference");
-      }
-      if (deoptimize_for_flat) {
-        tty->print_cr("Deoptimizing for patching flat field or array reference");
-      }
-      if (deoptimize_for_strict_static) {
-        tty->print_cr("Deoptimizing for patching strict static field reference");
-      }
+    if (deoptimize_for_volatile) {
+      log_debug(deoptimization)("Deoptimizing for patching volatile field reference");
+    }
+    if (deoptimize_for_null_free) {
+      log_debug(deoptimization)("Deoptimizing for patching null-free field reference");
+    }
+    if (deoptimize_for_flat) {
+      log_debug(deoptimization)("Deoptimizing for patching flat field or array reference");
+    }
+    if (deoptimize_for_strict_static) {
+      log_debug(deoptimization)("Deoptimizing for patching strict static field reference");
     }
 
     // It's possible the nmethod was invalidated in the last
@@ -1486,9 +1484,7 @@ void Runtime1::patch_code(JavaThread* current, StubId stub_id) {
   // (see another implementation above).
   MACOS_AARCH64_ONLY(ThreadWXEnable wx(WXWrite, current));
 
-  if (TracePatching) {
-    tty->print_cr("Deoptimizing because patch is needed");
-  }
+  log_debug(deoptimization)("Deoptimizing because patch is needed");
 
   RegisterMap reg_map(current,
                       RegisterMap::UpdateMap::skip,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/method.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/method.cpp
index 562a2c1788d..9ac0543fd49 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/method.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/method.cpp
@@ -1143,7 +1143,7 @@ void Method::print_made_not_compilable(int comp_level, bool is_osr, bool report,
     }
     tty->cr();
   }
-  if ((TraceDeoptimization || LogCompilation) && (xtty != nullptr)) {
+  if (LogCompilation && (xtty != nullptr)) {
     ttyLocker ttyl;
     xtty->begin_elem("make_not_compilable thread='%zu' osr='%d' level='%d'",
                      os::current_thread_id(), is_osr, comp_level);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp
index 0c6d6caee10..af8d0928b20 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp
@@ -2969,7 +2969,7 @@ static bool use_vm_log() {
   if (LogCompilation || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogFile) ||
       PrintCompilation || PrintInlining || PrintDependencies || PrintNativeNMethods ||
       PrintDebugInfo || PrintRelocations || PrintNMethods || PrintExceptionHandlers ||
-      PrintAssembly || TraceDeoptimization ||
+      PrintAssembly ||
       (VerifyDependencies && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(VerifyDependencies))) {
     return true;
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp
index 1a14cc25a41..1364133d8ec 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ int Deoptimization::UnrollBlock::size_of_frames() const {
   return checked_cast<int>(result);
 }
 
-void Deoptimization::UnrollBlock::print() {
+void Deoptimization::UnrollBlock::print_on(outputStream* out) {
   ResourceMark rm;
   stringStream st;
   st.print_cr("UnrollBlock");
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ void Deoptimization::UnrollBlock::print() {
     st.print("%zd ", frame_sizes()[index]);
   }
   st.cr();
-  tty->print_raw(st.freeze());
+  out->print_raw(st.freeze());
 }
 
 // In order to make fetch_unroll_info work properly with escape
@@ -317,44 +317,49 @@ static Klass* get_refined_array_klass(Klass* k, frame* fr, RegisterMap* map, Obj
 }
 
 // print information about reallocated objects
-static void print_objects(JavaThread* deoptee_thread, frame* deoptee, RegisterMap* map,
-                          GrowableArray<ScopeValue*>* objects, bool realloc_failures, TRAPS) {
-  ResourceMark rm;
-  stringStream st;  // change to logStream with logging
-  st.print_cr("REALLOC OBJECTS in thread " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(deoptee_thread));
-  fieldDescriptor fd;
+static void log_objects(JavaThread* current, JavaThread* deoptee_thread, frame* deoptee, RegisterMap* map,
+                        GrowableArray<ScopeValue*>* objects, bool realloc_failures) {
+  LogMessage(deoptimization) msg;
+  NonInterleavingLogStream ls(LogLevel::Debug, msg);
+  NonInterleavingLogStream trace_ls(LogLevel::Trace, msg);
 
-  for (int i = 0; i < objects->length(); i++) {
-    ObjectValue* sv = (ObjectValue*) objects->at(i);
-    Handle obj = sv->value();
+  if (ls.is_enabled()) {
+    ResourceMark rm;
+    ls.print_cr("REALLOC OBJECTS in thread " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(deoptee_thread));
+    fieldDescriptor fd;
 
-    if (obj.is_null()) {
-      st.print_cr("     nullptr");
-      continue;
-    }
+    for (int i = 0; i < objects->length(); i++) {
+      ObjectValue* sv = (ObjectValue*) objects->at(i);
+      Handle obj = sv->value();
 
-    Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(sv->klass()->as_ConstantOopReadValue()->value()());
-    k = get_refined_array_klass(k, deoptee, map, sv, THREAD);
+      if (obj.is_null()) {
+        ls.print_cr("     nullptr");
+        continue;
+      }
 
-    st.print("     object <" INTPTR_FORMAT "> of type ", p2i(sv->value()()));
-    k->print_value_on(&st);
-    st.print_cr(" allocated (%zu bytes)", obj->size() * HeapWordSize);
+      Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(sv->klass()->as_ConstantOopReadValue()->value()());
+      k = get_refined_array_klass(k, deoptee, map, sv, current);
 
-    if (Verbose && k != nullptr) {
-      k->oop_print_on(obj(), &st);
+      ls.print("     object <" INTPTR_FORMAT "> of type ", p2i(sv->value()()));
+      k->print_value_on(&ls);
+      ls.print_cr(" allocated (%zu bytes)", obj->size() * HeapWordSize);
+
+      if (trace_ls.is_enabled()) {
+        k->oop_print_on(obj(), &trace_ls);
+      }
     }
   }
-  tty->print_raw(st.freeze());
 }
 
-static bool rematerialize_objects(JavaThread* thread, int exec_mode, nmethod* compiled_method,
+static bool rematerialize_objects(JavaThread* current, int exec_mode, nmethod* compiled_method,
                                   frame& deoptee, RegisterMap& map, GrowableArray<compiledVFrame*>* chunk,
                                   bool& deoptimized_objects) {
   bool realloc_failures = false;
   assert (chunk->at(0)->scope() != nullptr,"expect only compiled java frames");
+  assert(current == JavaThread::current(), "should be current");
 
   JavaThread* deoptee_thread = chunk->at(0)->thread();
-  assert(exec_mode == Deoptimization::Unpack_none || (deoptee_thread == thread),
+  assert(exec_mode == Deoptimization::Unpack_none || (deoptee_thread == current),
          "a frame can only be deoptimized by the owner thread");
 
   GrowableArray<ScopeValue*>* objects = chunk->at(0)->scope()->objects_to_rematerialize(deoptee, map);
@@ -369,7 +374,7 @@ static bool rematerialize_objects(JavaThread* thread, int exec_mode, nmethod* co
   // If the previous frame was popped or if we are dispatching an exception,
   // we don't have an oop result.
   ScopeDesc* scope = chunk->at(0)->scope();
-  bool save_oop_result = scope->return_oop() && !thread->popframe_forcing_deopt_reexecution() && (exec_mode == Deoptimization::Unpack_deopt);
+  bool save_oop_result = scope->return_oop() && !current->popframe_forcing_deopt_reexecution() && (exec_mode == Deoptimization::Unpack_deopt);
   // In case of the return of multiple values, we must take care
   // of all oop return values.
   GrowableArray<Handle> return_oops;
@@ -386,42 +391,38 @@ static bool rematerialize_objects(JavaThread* thread, int exec_mode, nmethod* co
     // call which returns oop we need to save it since it is not in oopmap.
     oop result = deoptee.saved_oop_result(&map);
     assert(oopDesc::is_oop_or_null(result), "must be oop");
-    return_oops.push(Handle(thread, result));
+    return_oops.push(Handle(current, result));
     assert(Universe::heap()->is_in_or_null(result), "must be heap pointer");
-    if (TraceDeoptimization) {
-      tty->print_cr("SAVED OOP RESULT " INTPTR_FORMAT " in thread " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(result), p2i(thread));
-      tty->cr();
-    }
+    log_debug(deoptimization)("SAVED OOP RESULT " INTPTR_FORMAT " in thread " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(result), p2i(current));
   }
   if (objects != nullptr || vk != nullptr) {
     if (exec_mode == Deoptimization::Unpack_none) {
-      assert(thread->thread_state() == _thread_in_vm, "assumption");
-      JavaThread* THREAD = thread; // For exception macros.
+      assert(current->thread_state() == _thread_in_vm, "assumption");
+      JavaThread* THREAD = current; // For exception macros.
       // Clear pending OOM if reallocation fails and return true indicating allocation failure
       if (vk != nullptr) {
         realloc_failures = Deoptimization::realloc_inline_type_result(vk, map, return_oops, CHECK_AND_CLEAR_(true));
       }
       if (objects != nullptr) {
-        realloc_failures = realloc_failures || Deoptimization::realloc_objects(thread, &deoptee, &map, objects, CHECK_AND_CLEAR_(true));
+        realloc_failures = realloc_failures || Deoptimization::realloc_objects(current, &deoptee, &map, objects, CHECK_AND_CLEAR_(true));
         guarantee(compiled_method != nullptr, "deopt must be associated with an nmethod");
         Deoptimization::reassign_fields(&deoptee, &map, objects, realloc_failures, CHECK_AND_CLEAR_(true));
       }
       deoptimized_objects = true;
     } else {
-      JavaThread* current = thread; // For JRT_BLOCK
       JRT_BLOCK
       if (vk != nullptr) {
         realloc_failures = Deoptimization::realloc_inline_type_result(vk, map, return_oops, THREAD);
       }
       if (objects != nullptr) {
-        realloc_failures = realloc_failures || Deoptimization::realloc_objects(thread, &deoptee, &map, objects, THREAD);
+        realloc_failures = realloc_failures || Deoptimization::realloc_objects(current, &deoptee, &map, objects, THREAD);
         guarantee(compiled_method != nullptr, "deopt must be associated with an nmethod");
         Deoptimization::reassign_fields(&deoptee, &map, objects, realloc_failures, THREAD);
       }
       JRT_END
     }
-    if (TraceDeoptimization && objects != nullptr) {
-      print_objects(deoptee_thread, &deoptee, &map, objects, realloc_failures, thread);
+    if (objects != nullptr)  {
+      log_objects(current, deoptee_thread, &deoptee, &map, objects, realloc_failures);
     }
   }
   if (save_oop_result || vk != nullptr) {
@@ -432,15 +433,50 @@ static bool rematerialize_objects(JavaThread* thread, int exec_mode, nmethod* co
   return realloc_failures;
 }
 
+static void log_eliminated_monitors(JavaThread* current, JavaThread* deoptee_thread,
+                                    GrowableArray<MonitorInfo*>* monitors,
+                                    int exec_mode,
+                                    bool& first) {
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+  LogMessage(deoptimization) msg;
+  NonInterleavingLogStream ls(LogLevel::Debug, msg);
+  if (ls.is_enabled()) {
+    ResourceMark rm(current);
+
+    for (int j = 0; j < monitors->length(); j++) {
+      MonitorInfo* mi = monitors->at(j);
+      if (mi->eliminated()) {
+        if (first) {
+          first = false;
+          ls.print_cr("RELOCK OBJECTS in thread " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(current));
+        }
+        if (exec_mode == Deoptimization::Unpack_none) {
+          ObjectMonitor* monitor = deoptee_thread->current_waiting_monitor();
+          if (monitor != nullptr && monitor->object() == mi->owner()) {
+            ls.print_cr("     object <" INTPTR_FORMAT "> DEFERRED relocking after wait", p2i(mi->owner()));
+            continue;
+          }
+        }
+        if (mi->owner_is_scalar_replaced()) {
+          Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(mi->owner_klass());
+          ls.print_cr("     failed reallocation for klass %s", k->external_name());
+        } else {
+          ls.print_cr("     object <" INTPTR_FORMAT "> locked", p2i(mi->owner()));
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+#endif // !PRODUCT
+}
+
 static void restore_eliminated_locks(JavaThread* thread, GrowableArray<compiledVFrame*>* chunk, bool realloc_failures,
                                      frame& deoptee, int exec_mode, bool& deoptimized_objects) {
   JavaThread* deoptee_thread = chunk->at(0)->thread();
   assert(!EscapeBarrier::objs_are_deoptimized(deoptee_thread, deoptee.id()), "must relock just once");
   assert(thread == Thread::current(), "should be");
   HandleMark hm(thread);
-#ifndef PRODUCT
   bool first = true;
-#endif // !PRODUCT
+
   // Start locking from outermost/oldest frame
   for (int i = (chunk->length() - 1); i >= 0; i--) {
     compiledVFrame* cvf = chunk->at(i);
@@ -450,35 +486,7 @@ static void restore_eliminated_locks(JavaThread* thread, GrowableArray<compiledV
       bool relocked = Deoptimization::relock_objects(thread, monitors, deoptee_thread, deoptee,
                                                      exec_mode, realloc_failures);
       deoptimized_objects = deoptimized_objects || relocked;
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-      if (PrintDeoptimizationDetails) {
-        ResourceMark rm;
-        stringStream st;
-        for (int j = 0; j < monitors->length(); j++) {
-          MonitorInfo* mi = monitors->at(j);
-          if (mi->eliminated()) {
-            if (first) {
-              first = false;
-              st.print_cr("RELOCK OBJECTS in thread " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(thread));
-            }
-            if (exec_mode == Deoptimization::Unpack_none) {
-              ObjectMonitor* monitor = deoptee_thread->current_waiting_monitor();
-              if (monitor != nullptr && monitor->object() == mi->owner()) {
-                st.print_cr("     object <" INTPTR_FORMAT "> DEFERRED relocking after wait", p2i(mi->owner()));
-                continue;
-              }
-            }
-            if (mi->owner_is_scalar_replaced()) {
-              Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(mi->owner_klass());
-              st.print_cr("     failed reallocation for klass %s", k->external_name());
-            } else {
-              st.print_cr("     object <" INTPTR_FORMAT "> locked", p2i(mi->owner()));
-            }
-          }
-        }
-        tty->print_raw(st.freeze());
-      }
-#endif // !PRODUCT
+      log_eliminated_monitors(thread, deoptee_thread, monitors, exec_mode, first);
     }
   }
 }
@@ -593,11 +601,10 @@ Deoptimization::UnrollBlock* Deoptimization::fetch_unroll_info_helper(JavaThread
   ScopeDesc* trap_scope = chunk->at(0)->scope();
   Handle exceptionObject;
   if (trap_scope->rethrow_exception()) {
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-    if (PrintDeoptimizationDetails) {
-      tty->print_cr("Exception to be rethrown in the interpreter for method %s::%s at bci %d", trap_scope->method()->method_holder()->name()->as_C_string(), trap_scope->method()->name()->as_C_string(), trap_scope->bci());
-    }
-#endif // !PRODUCT
+    log_develop_debug(deoptimization)("Exception to be rethrown in the interpreter for method %s::%s at bci %d",
+                                      trap_scope->method()->method_holder()->name()->as_C_string(),
+                                      trap_scope->method()->name()->as_C_string(),
+                                      trap_scope->bci());
 
     GrowableArray<ScopeValue*>* expressions = trap_scope->expressions();
     guarantee(expressions != nullptr && expressions->length() == 1, "should have only exception on stack");
@@ -794,8 +801,8 @@ Deoptimization::UnrollBlock* Deoptimization::fetch_unroll_info_helper(JavaThread
   info->set_initial_info((intptr_t) array->sender().initial_deoptimization_info());
 
   if (array->frames() > 1) {
-    if (VerifyStack && TraceDeoptimization) {
-      tty->print_cr("Deoptimizing method containing inlining");
+    if (VerifyStack) {
+      log_debug(deoptimization)("Deoptimizing method containing inlining");
     }
   }
 
@@ -1410,11 +1417,7 @@ void Deoptimization::reassign_fields(frame* fr, RegisterMap* reg_map, GrowableAr
 
     Handle obj = sv->value();
     assert(obj.not_null() || realloc_failures || sv->has_properties(), "reallocation was missed");
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-    if (PrintDeoptimizationDetails) {
-      tty->print_cr("reassign fields for object of type %s!", k->name()->as_C_string());
-    }
-#endif // !PRODUCT
+    log_develop_debug(deoptimization)("reassign fields for object of type %s!", k->name()->as_C_string());
 
     if (obj.is_null()) {
       continue;
@@ -1426,11 +1429,12 @@ void Deoptimization::reassign_fields(frame* fr, RegisterMap* reg_map, GrowableAr
       if (payload->is_location() &&
           payload->as_LocationValue()->location().type() == Location::vector) {
 #ifndef PRODUCT
-        if (PrintDeoptimizationDetails) {
-          tty->print_cr("skip field reassignment for this vector - it should be assigned already");
+        if (const LogTarget(Debug, deoptimization) lt; lt.is_enabled()) {
+          LogStream ls(lt);
+          ls.print_cr("skip field reassignment for this vector - it should be assigned already");
           if (Verbose) {
             Handle obj = sv->value();
-            k->oop_print_on(obj(), tty);
+            k->oop_print_on(obj(), &ls);
           }
         }
 #endif // !PRODUCT
@@ -1517,6 +1521,35 @@ bool Deoptimization::relock_objects(JavaThread* thread, GrowableArray<MonitorInf
 }
 #endif // COMPILER2
 
+static void log_deopt_packing(JavaThread* thread, frame fr, vframeArray* array, GrowableArray<compiledVFrame*>* chunk) {
+
+  LogMessage(deoptimization) msg;
+  NonInterleavingLogStream ls(LogLevel::Debug, msg);
+  if (ls.is_enabled()) {
+
+    ResourceMark rm(thread);
+    ls.print_cr("DEOPT PACKING thread=" INTPTR_FORMAT " vframeArray=" INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(thread), p2i(array));
+    ls.print_cr("   Virtual frames (innermost/newest first):");
+    for (int index = 0; index < chunk->length(); index++) {
+      compiledVFrame* vf = chunk->at(index);
+      int bci = vf->raw_bci();
+      const char* code_name;
+      if (bci == SynchronizationEntryBCI) {
+        code_name = "sync entry";
+      } else {
+        Bytecodes::Code code = vf->method()->code_at(bci);
+        code_name = Bytecodes::name(code);
+      }
+
+      ls.print("      VFrame %d (" INTPTR_FORMAT ")", index, p2i(vf));
+      ls.print(" - %s", vf->method()->name_and_sig_as_C_string());
+      ls.print(" - %s", code_name);
+      ls.print_cr(" @ bci=%d ", bci);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+
 vframeArray* Deoptimization::create_vframeArray(JavaThread* thread, frame fr, RegisterMap *reg_map, GrowableArray<compiledVFrame*>* chunk, bool realloc_failures) {
   Events::log_deopt_message(thread, "DEOPT PACKING pc=" INTPTR_FORMAT " sp=" INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(fr.pc()), p2i(fr.sp()));
 
@@ -1537,33 +1570,7 @@ vframeArray* Deoptimization::create_vframeArray(JavaThread* thread, frame fr, Re
   // Compare the vframeArray to the collected vframes
   assert(array->structural_compare(thread, chunk), "just checking");
 
-  if (TraceDeoptimization) {
-    ResourceMark rm;
-    stringStream st;
-    st.print_cr("DEOPT PACKING thread=" INTPTR_FORMAT " vframeArray=" INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(thread), p2i(array));
-    st.print("   ");
-    fr.print_on(&st);
-    st.print_cr("   Virtual frames (innermost/newest first):");
-    for (int index = 0; index < chunk->length(); index++) {
-      compiledVFrame* vf = chunk->at(index);
-      int bci = vf->raw_bci();
-      const char* code_name;
-      if (bci == SynchronizationEntryBCI) {
-        code_name = "sync entry";
-      } else {
-        Bytecodes::Code code = vf->method()->code_at(bci);
-        code_name = Bytecodes::name(code);
-      }
-
-      st.print("      VFrame %d (" INTPTR_FORMAT ")", index, p2i(vf));
-      st.print(" - %s", vf->method()->name_and_sig_as_C_string());
-      st.print(" - %s", code_name);
-      st.print_cr(" @ bci=%d ", bci);
-    }
-    tty->print_raw(st.freeze());
-    tty->cr();
-  }
-
+  log_deopt_packing(thread, fr, array, chunk);
   return array;
 }
 
@@ -1815,26 +1822,29 @@ static void post_deoptimization_event(nmethod* nm,
 
 #endif // INCLUDE_JFR
 
-static void log_deopt(nmethod* nm, Method* tm, intptr_t pc, frame& fr, int trap_bci,
-                      const char* reason_name, const char* reason_action, const char* class_name) {
-  LogTarget(Debug, deoptimization) lt;
-  if (lt.is_enabled()) {
-    LogStream ls(lt);
+static void log_uncommon_trap(nmethod* nm, Method* tm, intptr_t pc, frame& fr, int trap_bci,
+                              const char* reason_name, const char* reason_action, const char* class_name,
+                              bool unresolved) {
+  LogMessage(deoptimization) msg;
+  NonInterleavingLogStream ls(LogLevel::Debug, msg);
+
+  if (ls.is_enabled()) {
     bool is_osr = nm->is_osr_method();
-    ls.print("cid=%4d %s level=%d",
-             nm->compile_id(), (is_osr ? "osr" : "   "), nm->comp_level());
-    ls.print(" %s", tm->name_and_sig_as_C_string());
+    ls.print("UNCOMMON TRAP method=%s", tm->name_and_sig_as_C_string());
     ls.print(" trap_bci=%d ", trap_bci);
     if (is_osr) {
       ls.print("osr_bci=%d ", nm->osr_entry_bci());
     }
-    ls.print("%s ", reason_name);
-    ls.print("%s ", reason_action);
+    ls.print("reason=%s ", reason_name);
+    ls.print("action=%s ", reason_action);
     if (class_name != nullptr) {
-      ls.print("%s ", class_name);
+      ls.print("%s class_name=%s ", unresolved ? "unresolved" : "", class_name);
     }
+    ls.print("cid=%4d %s level=%d ",
+             nm->compile_id(), (is_osr ? "osr" : ""), nm->comp_level());
     ls.print_cr("pc=" INTPTR_FORMAT " relative_pc=" INTPTR_FORMAT,
              pc, fr.pc() - nm->code_begin());
+
   }
 }
 
@@ -1855,12 +1865,8 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, Deoptimization::uncommon_trap_inner(JavaThread* current, jint tr
   frame stub_frame = current->last_frame();
   frame fr = stub_frame.sender(&reg_map);
 
-  // Log a message
-  Events::log_deopt_message(current, "Uncommon trap: trap_request=" INT32_FORMAT_X_0 " fr.pc=" INTPTR_FORMAT " relative=" INTPTR_FORMAT,
-              trap_request, p2i(fr.pc()), fr.pc() - fr.cb()->code_begin());
-
   {
-    ResourceMark rm;
+    ResourceMark rm(current);
 
     DeoptReason reason = trap_request_reason(trap_request);
     DeoptAction action = trap_request_action(trap_request);
@@ -1874,7 +1880,6 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, Deoptimization::uncommon_trap_inner(JavaThread* current, jint tr
     ScopeDesc*      trap_scope  = cvf->scope();
 
     bool is_receiver_constraint_failure = COMPILER2_PRESENT(VerifyReceiverTypes &&) (reason == Deoptimization::Reason_receiver_constraint);
-
     if (is_receiver_constraint_failure) {
       tty->print_cr("  bci=%d pc=" INTPTR_FORMAT ", relative_pc=" INTPTR_FORMAT ", method=%s", trap_scope->bci(),
                     p2i(fr.pc()), fr.pc() - nm->code_begin(), trap_scope->method()->name_and_sig_as_C_string());
@@ -1914,7 +1919,7 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, Deoptimization::uncommon_trap_inner(JavaThread* current, jint tr
 
       JFR_ONLY(post_deoptimization_event(nm, tm, trap_bci, trap_bc, reason, action);)
 
-      ResourceMark rm;
+      ResourceMark rm(current);
 
       const char* class_name_str = nullptr;
       const char* class_name_msg = nullptr;
@@ -1927,15 +1932,16 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, Deoptimization::uncommon_trap_inner(JavaThread* current, jint tr
       } else {
         class_name_msg = "";
       }
-      log_deopt(nm, tm, pc, fr, trap_bci, reason_name, reason_action, class_name_str);
+      log_uncommon_trap(nm, tm, pc, fr, trap_bci, reason_name, reason_action, class_name_str, unresolved);
       Events::log_deopt_message(current, "Uncommon trap: reason=%s action=%s pc=" INTPTR_FORMAT " method=%s @ %d %s%s",
                                 reason_name, reason_action, pc,
                                 tm->name_and_sig_as_C_string(), trap_bci, class_name_msg, nm->compiler_name());
     }
 
-    // Print a bunch of diagnostics, if requested.
-    if (TraceDeoptimization || LogCompilation || is_receiver_constraint_failure) {
-      ResourceMark rm;
+
+    // Print a bunch of diagnostics, if requested to the compilation log file.
+    if (LogCompilation || is_receiver_constraint_failure) {
+      ResourceMark rm(current);
 
       // Lock to read ProfileData, and ensure lock is not broken by a safepoint
       // We must do this already now, since we cannot acquire this lock while
@@ -1950,7 +1956,7 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, Deoptimization::uncommon_trap_inner(JavaThread* current, jint tr
       if (xtty != nullptr) {
         xtty->begin_head("uncommon_trap thread='%zu' %s",
                          os::current_thread_id(),
-                         format_trap_request(buf, sizeof(buf), trap_request));
+                         Deoptimization::format_trap_request(buf, sizeof(buf), trap_request));
         nm->log_identity(xtty);
       }
       if (class_name != nullptr) {
@@ -1986,26 +1992,6 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, Deoptimization::uncommon_trap_inner(JavaThread* current, jint tr
         xtty->stamp();
         xtty->end_head();
       }
-      if (TraceDeoptimization) {  // make noise on the tty
-        stringStream st;
-        st.print("UNCOMMON TRAP method=%s", trap_scope->method()->name_and_sig_as_C_string());
-        st.print("  bci=%d pc=" INTPTR_FORMAT ", relative_pc=" INTPTR_FORMAT,
-                 trap_scope->bci(), p2i(fr.pc()), fr.pc() - nm->code_begin());
-        st.print(" compiler=%s compile_id=%d", nm->compiler_name(), nm->compile_id());
-        st.print(" (@" INTPTR_FORMAT ") thread=%zu reason=%s action=%s unloaded_class_index=%d",
-                   p2i(fr.pc()),
-                   os::current_thread_id(),
-                   trap_reason_name(reason),
-                   trap_action_name(action),
-                   unloaded_class_index
-                   );
-        if (class_name != nullptr) {
-          st.print(unresolved ? " unresolved class: " : " symbol: ");
-          class_name->print_symbol_on(&st);
-        }
-        st.cr();
-        tty->print_raw(st.freeze());
-      }
       if (xtty != nullptr) {
         // Log the precise location of the trap.
         for (ScopeDesc* sd = trap_scope; ; sd = sd->sender()) {
@@ -2017,7 +2003,6 @@ JRT_ENTRY(void, Deoptimization::uncommon_trap_inner(JavaThread* current, jint tr
         xtty->tail("uncommon_trap");
       }
     }
-    // (End diagnostic printout.)
 
     if (is_receiver_constraint_failure) {
       fatal("missing receiver type check");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.hpp
index 863d7359208..8338248517d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.hpp
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ class Deoptimization : AllStatic {
     static ByteSize sender_sp_temp_offset()            { return byte_offset_of(UnrollBlock, _sender_sp_temp);            }
 
     BasicType return_type() const { return _return_type; }
-    void print();
+    void print_on(outputStream* st);
   };
 
   //** Returns an UnrollBlock continuing information
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
index 68e7b407bf2..26756ea0022 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
@@ -1258,16 +1258,6 @@ const int ObjectAlignmentInBytes = 8;
           "Select instruction to prefetch ahead of allocation pointer")     \
           constraint(AllocatePrefetchInstrConstraintFunc, AfterMemoryInit)  \
                                                                             \
-  /* deoptimization */                                                      \
-  product(bool, TraceDeoptimization, false, DIAGNOSTIC,                     \
-          "Trace deoptimization")                                           \
-                                                                            \
-  develop(bool, PrintDeoptimizationDetails, false,                          \
-          "Print more information about deoptimization")                    \
-                                                                            \
-  develop(bool, DebugDeoptimization, false,                                 \
-          "Tracing various information while debugging deoptimization")     \
-                                                                            \
   product(double, SelfDestructTimer, 0.0,                                   \
           "Will cause VM to terminate after a given time "                  \
           "(in fractional minutes) "                                        \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp
index 0116b6baa2b..c0877c47036 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp
@@ -1125,6 +1125,10 @@ void JavaThread::deoptimize() {
   StackFrameStream fst(this, false /* update */, true /* process_frames */);
   bool deopt = false;           // Dump stack only if a deopt actually happens.
   bool only_at = strlen(DeoptimizeOnlyAt) > 0;
+
+  LogMessage(deoptimization) msg;
+  NonInterleavingLogStream ls(LogLevel::Trace, msg);
+
   // Iterate over all frames in the thread and deoptimize
   for (; !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
     if (fst.current()->can_be_deoptimized()) {
@@ -1153,19 +1157,20 @@ void JavaThread::deoptimize() {
         }
       }
 
-      if (DebugDeoptimization && !deopt) {
+      if (!deopt && ls.is_enabled()) {
         deopt = true; // One-time only print before deopt
-        tty->print_cr("[BEFORE Deoptimization]");
-        trace_frames();
-        trace_stack();
+        ls.print_cr("[BEFORE Deoptimization]");
+        trace_frames_on(&ls);
+        trace_stack_on(&ls);
       }
       Deoptimization::deoptimize(this, *fst.current());
     }
   }
 
-  if (DebugDeoptimization && deopt) {
-    tty->print_cr("[AFTER Deoptimization]");
-    trace_frames();
+
+  if (deopt && ls.is_enabled()) {
+    ls.print_cr("[AFTER Deoptimization]");
+    trace_frames_on(&ls);
   }
 }
 
@@ -1731,13 +1736,12 @@ void JavaThread::popframe_free_preserved_args() {
 
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 
-void JavaThread::trace_frames() {
-  tty->print_cr("[Describe stack]");
+void JavaThread::trace_frames_on(outputStream* st) {
+  st->print_cr("[Describe stack]");
   int frame_no = 1;
   for (StackFrameStream fst(this, true /* update */, true /* process_frames */); !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
-    tty->print("  %d. ", frame_no++);
-    fst.current()->print_value_on(tty);
-    tty->cr();
+    st->print("  %d. ", frame_no++);
+    fst.current()->print_value_on(st);
   }
 }
 
@@ -1784,24 +1788,24 @@ void JavaThread::print_frame_layout(int depth, bool validate_only) {
 }
 #endif
 
-void JavaThread::trace_stack_from(vframe* start_vf) {
+void JavaThread::trace_stack_from(outputStream* st, vframe* start_vf) {
   ResourceMark rm;
   int vframe_no = 1;
   for (vframe* f = start_vf; f; f = f->sender()) {
     if (f->is_java_frame()) {
-      javaVFrame::cast(f)->print_activation(vframe_no++);
+      javaVFrame::cast(f)->print_activation(st, vframe_no++);
     } else {
-      f->print();
+      f->print(st);
     }
     if (vframe_no > StackPrintLimit) {
-      tty->print_cr("...<more frames>...");
+      st->print_cr("...<more frames>...");
       return;
     }
   }
 }
 
 
-void JavaThread::trace_stack() {
+void JavaThread::trace_stack_on(outputStream* st) {
   if (!has_last_Java_frame()) return;
   Thread* current_thread = Thread::current();
   ResourceMark rm(current_thread);
@@ -1810,7 +1814,7 @@ void JavaThread::trace_stack() {
                       RegisterMap::UpdateMap::include,
                       RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::include,
                       RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::skip);
-  trace_stack_from(last_java_vframe(&reg_map));
+  trace_stack_from(st, last_java_vframe(&reg_map));
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.hpp
index 13e079f1be5..698f64dd97e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.hpp
@@ -997,9 +997,9 @@ class JavaThread: public Thread {
   void print_jni_stack();
 
   // Print stack traces in various internal formats
-  void trace_stack()                             PRODUCT_RETURN;
-  void trace_stack_from(vframe* start_vf)        PRODUCT_RETURN;
-  void trace_frames()                            PRODUCT_RETURN;
+  void trace_stack_on(outputStream* st)                            PRODUCT_RETURN;
+  void trace_stack_from(outputStream* st, vframe* start_vf)        PRODUCT_RETURN;
+  void trace_frames_on(outputStream* st)                           PRODUCT_RETURN;
 
   // Print an annotated view of the stack frames
   void print_frame_layout(int depth = 0, bool validate_only = false) NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackValueCollection.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackValueCollection.cpp
index d3da11ae680..59407e6999a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackValueCollection.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackValueCollection.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -126,19 +126,23 @@ void StackValueCollection::set_double_at(int slot, jdouble value) {
 }
 
 #ifndef PRODUCT
-void StackValueCollection::print() {
+void StackValueCollection::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
   for(int index = 0; index < size(); index++) {
-    tty->print("\t  %2d ", index);
-    at(index)->print_on(tty);
-    if( at(index  )->type() == T_INT &&
+    st->print("\t  %2d ", index);
+    at(index)->print_on(st);
+    if (at(index  )->type() == T_INT &&
         index+1 < size() &&
         at(index+1)->type() == T_INT ) {
-      tty->print("  " INT64_FORMAT " (long)", (int64_t)long_at(index));
-      tty->cr();
-      tty->print("\t     %.15e (double)", double_at(index));
-      tty->print("  " INT64_FORMAT_X_0 " (longhex)", (int64_t)long_at(index));
+      st->print("  " INT64_FORMAT " (long)", (int64_t)long_at(index));
+      st->cr();
+      st->print("\t     %.15e (double)", double_at(index));
+      st->print("  " INT64_FORMAT_X_0 " (longhex)", (int64_t)long_at(index));
     }
-    tty->cr();
+    st->cr();
   }
 }
+
+void StackValueCollection::print() const {
+  print_on(tty);
+}
 #endif
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackValueCollection.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackValueCollection.hpp
index d167835c5a1..3a274ac0eeb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackValueCollection.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackValueCollection.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -55,7 +55,8 @@ class StackValueCollection : public ResourceObj {
   void set_float_at(int slot, jfloat value);
   void set_double_at(int slot, jdouble value);
 
-  void print();
+  void print_on(outputStream* st) const;
+  void print() const;
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_RUNTIME_STACKVALUECOLLECTION_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/threads.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/threads.cpp
index 18eeaf9171a..8c414e10ba9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/threads.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/threads.cpp
@@ -1366,7 +1366,7 @@ void Threads::print_on(outputStream* st, bool print_stacks,
     p->print_on(st, print_extended_info);
     if (print_stacks) {
       if (internal_format) {
-        p->trace_stack();
+        p->trace_stack_on(st);
       } else {
         p->print_stack_on(st);
         if (p->is_vthread_mounted()) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.cpp
index 3d71e969222..b5243fd03b3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.cpp
@@ -649,7 +649,7 @@ void entryVFrame::print(outputStream* output) {
 static void print_stack_values(outputStream* output, const char* title, StackValueCollection* values) {
   if (values->is_empty()) return;
   output->print_cr("\t%s:", title);
-  values->print();
+  values->print_on(output);
 }
 
 
@@ -659,8 +659,8 @@ void javaVFrame::print(outputStream* output) {
   HandleMark hm(current_thread);
 
   vframe::print(output);
-  output->print("\t");
-  method()->print_value();
+  output->print_raw("\t");
+  method()->print_value_on(output);
   output->cr();
   output->print_cr("\tbci:    %d", bci());
 
@@ -672,25 +672,25 @@ void javaVFrame::print(outputStream* output) {
   output->print_cr("\tmonitor list:");
   for (int index = (list->length()-1); index >= 0; index--) {
     MonitorInfo* monitor = list->at(index);
-    output->print("\t  obj\t");
+    output->print("\t  obj ");
     if (monitor->owner_is_scalar_replaced()) {
       Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(monitor->owner_klass());
-      output->print("( is scalar replaced %s)", k->external_name());
+      output->print("(is scalar replaced %s)", k->external_name());
     } else if (monitor->owner() == nullptr) {
-      output->print("( null )");
+      output->print("(null)");
     } else {
-      monitor->owner()->print_value();
+      monitor->owner()->print_value_on(output);
       output->print("(owner=" INTPTR_FORMAT ")", p2i(monitor->owner()));
     }
     if (monitor->eliminated()) {
       if(is_compiled_frame()) {
-        output->print(" ( lock is eliminated in compiled frame )");
+        output->print(" (lock is eliminated in compiled frame)");
       } else {
-        output->print(" ( lock is eliminated, frame not compiled )");
+        output->print(" (lock is eliminated, frame not compiled)");
       }
     }
     output->cr();
-    output->print("\t  ");
+    output->print_raw("\t");
     monitor->lock()->print_on(output, monitor->owner());
     output->cr();
   }
@@ -725,14 +725,14 @@ void javaVFrame::print_value(outputStream* output) const {
   }
 }
 
-void javaVFrame::print_activation(int index, outputStream* output) const {
+void javaVFrame::print_activation(outputStream* output, int index) const {
   // frame number and method
   output->print("%2d - ", index);
-  ((vframe*)this)->print_value();
+  ((vframe*)this)->print_value(output);
   output->cr();
 
   if (WizardMode) {
-    ((vframe*)this)->print();
+    ((vframe*)this)->print(output);
     output->cr();
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.hpp
index c4c9926b2f8..68716ae0e2b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.hpp
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ class javaVFrame: public vframe {
   // printing operations
   void print(outputStream* output = tty);
   void print_value(outputStream* output = tty) const;
-  void print_activation(int index, outputStream* output = tty) const;
+  void print_activation(outputStream* output, int index) const;
 #endif
   friend class vframe;
 };
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframeArray.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframeArray.cpp
index 0885262eefb..050bfee131b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframeArray.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframeArray.cpp
@@ -201,6 +201,53 @@ bool vframeArrayElement::should_reexecute(bool is_top_frame, int exec_mode) cons
   return reexec;
 }
 
+static void log_reconstructed(intptr_t* addr, const char* loc, int index) {
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+  if (const LogTarget(Debug, deoptimization) lt; lt.is_enabled()) {
+    LogStream ls(lt);
+    ls.print(" - Reconstructed %s %d (OBJECT): ", loc, index);
+    oop o = cast_to_oop((address)(*addr));
+    if (o == nullptr) {
+      ls.print_cr("null");
+    } else {
+      ResourceMark rm;
+      ls.print_raw(o->klass()->name()->as_C_string());
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+}
+
+static void log_reconstructed_frame(JavaThread* thread, Method* method, frame* iframe) {
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+  LogMessage(deoptimization) msg;
+  NonInterleavingLogStream ls(LogLevel::Debug, msg);
+
+  if (ls.is_enabled()) {
+    const bool print_codes = WizardMode && Verbose;
+    ResourceMark rm(thread);
+    stringStream codes_ss;
+    if (print_codes) {
+      // print_codes_on() may acquire MDOExtraData_lock (rank nosafepoint-1).
+      // To keep the lock acquisition order correct, call it before taking tty_lock.
+      // Avoid double buffering: set buffered=false.
+      method->print_codes_on(&codes_ss, 0, false);
+    }
+
+    ls.print("(%d) ", ++unpack_counter);
+    iframe->print_on(&ls);
+    RegisterMap map(thread,
+                    RegisterMap::UpdateMap::include,
+                    RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::include,
+                    RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::skip);
+    vframe* f = vframe::new_vframe(iframe, &map, thread);
+    f->print(&ls);
+    if (print_codes) {
+      ls.print_cr("%s", codes_ss.as_string());
+    }
+  }
+#endif // !PRODUCT
+}
+
 void vframeArrayElement::unpack_on_stack(int caller_actual_parameters,
                                          int callee_parameters,
                                          int callee_locals,
@@ -363,11 +410,7 @@ void vframeArrayElement::unpack_on_stack(int caller_actual_parameters,
     }
   }
 
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-  if (PrintDeoptimizationDetails) {
-    tty->print_cr("Expressions size: %d", expressions()->size());
-  }
-#endif // !PRODUCT
+  log_develop_debug(deoptimization)("Expressions size: %d", expressions()->size());
 
   // Unpack expression stack
   // If this is an intermediate frame (i.e. not top frame) then this
@@ -382,26 +425,11 @@ void vframeArrayElement::unpack_on_stack(int caller_actual_parameters,
     switch(value->type()) {
       case T_INT:
         *addr = value->get_intptr();
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-        if (PrintDeoptimizationDetails) {
-          tty->print_cr(" - Reconstructed expression %d (INT): %d", i, (int)(*addr));
-        }
-#endif // !PRODUCT
+        log_develop_debug(deoptimization)(" - Reconstructed expression %d (INT): %d", i, (int)(*addr));
         break;
       case T_OBJECT:
         *addr = value->get_intptr(T_OBJECT);
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-        if (PrintDeoptimizationDetails) {
-          tty->print(" - Reconstructed expression %d (OBJECT): ", i);
-          oop o = cast_to_oop((address)(*addr));
-          if (o == nullptr) {
-            tty->print_cr("null");
-          } else {
-            ResourceMark rm;
-            tty->print_raw_cr(o->klass()->name()->as_C_string());
-          }
-        }
-#endif // !PRODUCT
+        log_reconstructed(addr, "expression", i);
         break;
       case T_CONFLICT:
         // A dead stack slot.  Initialize to null in case it is an oop.
@@ -412,11 +440,7 @@ void vframeArrayElement::unpack_on_stack(int caller_actual_parameters,
     }
   }
 
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-  if (PrintDeoptimizationDetails) {
-    tty->print_cr("Locals size: %d", locals()->size());
-  }
-#endif // !PRODUCT
+  log_develop_debug(deoptimization)("Locals size: %d", locals()->size());
 
   // Unpack the locals
   for(i = 0; i < locals()->size(); i++) {
@@ -426,26 +450,11 @@ void vframeArrayElement::unpack_on_stack(int caller_actual_parameters,
     switch(value->type()) {
       case T_INT:
         *addr = value->get_intptr();
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-        if (PrintDeoptimizationDetails) {
-          tty->print_cr(" - Reconstructed local %d (INT): %d", i, (int)(*addr));
-        }
-#endif // !PRODUCT
+        log_develop_debug(deoptimization)(" - Reconstructed local %d (INT): %d", i, (int)(*addr));
         break;
       case T_OBJECT:
         *addr = value->get_intptr(T_OBJECT);
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-        if (PrintDeoptimizationDetails) {
-          tty->print(" - Reconstructed local %d (OBJECT): ", i);
-          oop o = cast_to_oop((address)(*addr));
-          if (o == nullptr) {
-            tty->print_cr("null");
-          } else {
-            ResourceMark rm;
-            tty->print_raw_cr(o->klass()->name()->as_C_string());
-          }
-        }
-#endif // !PRODUCT
+        log_reconstructed(addr, "local", i);
         break;
       case T_CONFLICT:
         // A dead location. If it is an oop then we need a null to prevent GC from following it
@@ -481,32 +490,7 @@ void vframeArrayElement::unpack_on_stack(int caller_actual_parameters,
     }
   }
 
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-  if (PrintDeoptimizationDetails) {
-    const bool print_codes = WizardMode && Verbose;
-    ResourceMark rm(thread);
-    stringStream codes_ss;
-    if (print_codes) {
-      // print_codes_on() may acquire MDOExtraData_lock (rank nosafepoint-1).
-      // To keep the lock acquisition order correct, call it before taking tty_lock.
-      // Avoid double buffering: set buffered=false.
-      method()->print_codes_on(&codes_ss, 0, false);
-    }
-    ttyLocker ttyl;
-    tty->print_cr("[%d. Interpreted Frame]", ++unpack_counter);
-    iframe()->print_on(tty);
-    RegisterMap map(thread,
-                    RegisterMap::UpdateMap::include,
-                    RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::include,
-                    RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::skip);
-    vframe* f = vframe::new_vframe(iframe(), &map, thread);
-    f->print();
-    if (print_codes) {
-      tty->print("%s", codes_ss.as_string());
-    }
-    tty->cr();
-  }
-#endif // !PRODUCT
+  log_reconstructed_frame(thread, method(), iframe());
 
   // The expression stack and locals are in the resource area don't leave
   // a dangling pointer in the vframeArray we leave around for debug
@@ -628,15 +612,17 @@ void vframeArray::unpack_to_stack(frame &unpack_frame, int exec_mode, int caller
   Events::log_deopt_message(current, "DEOPT UNPACKING pc=" INTPTR_FORMAT " sp=" INTPTR_FORMAT " mode %d",
                             p2i(unpack_frame.pc()), p2i(unpack_frame.sp()), exec_mode);
 
-  if (TraceDeoptimization) {
-    ResourceMark rm;
-    stringStream st;
-    st.print_cr("DEOPT UNPACKING thread=" INTPTR_FORMAT " vframeArray=" INTPTR_FORMAT " mode=%d",
+
+  LogMessage(deoptimization) msg;
+  NonInterleavingLogStream ls(LogLevel::Debug, msg);
+
+  if (ls.is_enabled()) {
+    ls.print_cr("DEOPT UNPACKING thread=" INTPTR_FORMAT " vframeArray=" INTPTR_FORMAT " mode=%d",
                 p2i(current), p2i(this), exec_mode);
-    st.print_cr("   Virtual frames (outermost/oldest first):");
-    tty->print_raw(st.freeze());
+    ls.print_cr("   Virtual frames (outermost/oldest first):");
   }
 
+
   // Do the unpacking of interpreter frames; the frame at index 0 represents the top activation, so it has no callee
   // Unpack the frames from the oldest (frames() -1) to the youngest (0)
   frame* caller_frame = &me;
@@ -653,11 +639,11 @@ void vframeArray::unpack_to_stack(frame &unpack_frame, int exec_mode, int caller
       callee_parameters = callee->size_of_parameters() + (has_member_arg ? 1 : 0);
       callee_locals     = callee->max_locals();
     }
-    if (TraceDeoptimization) {
+
+    if (ls.is_enabled()) {
       ResourceMark rm;
-      stringStream st;
-      st.print("      VFrame %d (" INTPTR_FORMAT ")", index, p2i(elem));
-      st.print(" - %s", elem->method()->name_and_sig_as_C_string());
+      ls.print("      VFrame %d (" INTPTR_FORMAT ")", index, p2i(elem));
+      ls.print(" - %s", elem->method()->name_and_sig_as_C_string());
       int bci = elem->raw_bci();
       const char* code_name;
       if (bci == SynchronizationEntryBCI) {
@@ -666,11 +652,11 @@ void vframeArray::unpack_to_stack(frame &unpack_frame, int exec_mode, int caller
         Bytecodes::Code code = elem->method()->code_at(bci);
         code_name = Bytecodes::name(code);
       }
-      st.print(" - %s", code_name);
-      st.print(" @ bci=%d ", bci);
-      st.print_cr("sp=" PTR_FORMAT, p2i(elem->iframe()->sp()));
-      tty->print_raw(st.freeze());
+      ls.print(" - %s", code_name);
+      ls.print(" @ bci=%d ", bci);
+      ls.print_cr("sp=" PTR_FORMAT, p2i(elem->iframe()->sp()));
     }
+
     elem->unpack_on_stack(caller_actual_parameters,
                           callee_parameters,
                           callee_locals,
@@ -685,9 +671,6 @@ void vframeArray::unpack_to_stack(frame &unpack_frame, int exec_mode, int caller
     caller_actual_parameters = callee_parameters;
   }
   deallocate_monitor_chunks();
-  if (TraceDeoptimization) {
-    tty->cr();
-  }
 }
 
 void vframeArray::deallocate_monitor_chunks() {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/debug.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/debug.cpp
index 27479acd68b..831a3c4e6bc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/debug.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/debug.cpp
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ extern "C" NOINLINE void ps() { // print stack
     // can call the standard stack_trace function.
     p->print_stack();
 #ifndef PRODUCT
-    if (Verbose) p->trace_stack();
+    if (Verbose) p->trace_stack_on(tty);
   } else {
     frame f = os::current_frame();
     RegisterMap reg_map(p,
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ extern "C" NOINLINE void ps() { // print stack
                         RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::skip);
     f = f.sender(&reg_map);
     tty->print("(guessing starting frame id=" PTR_FORMAT " based on current fp)\n", p2i(f.id()));
-    p->trace_stack_from(vframe::new_vframe(&f, &reg_map, p));
+    p->trace_stack_from(tty, vframe::new_vframe(&f, &reg_map, p));
 #endif
   }
 }
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@ extern "C" NOINLINE void psf() { // print stack frames
   p->print();
   tty->cr();
   if (p->has_last_Java_frame()) {
-    p->trace_frames();
+    p->trace_frames_on(tty);
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestDeoptDetailsLockRank.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestDeoptDetailsLockRank.java
index 7bbe82c7311..7ff00632d7f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestDeoptDetailsLockRank.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestDeoptDetailsLockRank.java
@@ -24,10 +24,10 @@
  /**
  * @test
  * @bug 8374862
- * @summary Regression test for -XX:+Verbose -XX:+WizardMode -XX:+PrintDeoptimizationDetails crash
+ * @summary Regression test for -XX:+Verbose -XX:+WizardMode -Xlog:deoptimization=debug crash
  * @requires vm.debug
  * @run main/othervm -XX:-DisplayVMOutput
- *                   -XX:+Verbose -XX:+WizardMode -XX:+PrintDeoptimizationDetails
+ *                   -XX:+Verbose -XX:+WizardMode -Xlog:deoptimization=debug
  *                   compiler.uncommontrap.TestDeoptDetailsLockRank
  */
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestDeoptOOM.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestDeoptOOM.java
index 21a3c08b665..435dde2d8d5 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestDeoptOOM.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestDeoptOOM.java
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
  *      -XX:CompileCommand=exclude,compiler.uncommontrap.TestDeoptOOM::m9_1
  *      -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
  *      -XX:-DisplayVMOutput -XX:+UseZGC -XX:+LogCompilation
- *      -XX:+PrintDeoptimizationDetails -XX:+TraceDeoptimization -XX:+Verbose
+ *      -Xlog:deoptimization=debug -XX:+Verbose
  *      compiler.uncommontrap.TestDeoptOOM
  */
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestPrintDiagnosticsWithoutProfileTraps.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestPrintDiagnosticsWithoutProfileTraps.java
index 6fb22ec0759..8d2db23c014 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestPrintDiagnosticsWithoutProfileTraps.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TestPrintDiagnosticsWithoutProfileTraps.java
@@ -24,11 +24,11 @@
  /**
  * @test
  * @bug 8374807
- * @summary Regression test for -XX:+TraceDeoptimization -XX:-ProfileTraps
+ * @summary Regression test for -Xlog:deoptimization=debug -XX:-ProfileTraps
  *          -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xcomp crash
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @requires vm.debug
- * @run main/othervm -XX:-DisplayVMOutput -XX:+TraceDeoptimization -XX:-ProfileTraps
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-DisplayVMOutput -Xlog:deoptimization=debug -XX:-ProfileTraps
  *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xcomp -Xbatch
  *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.uncommontrap.TestPrintDiagnosticsWithoutProfileTraps::test
  *                   compiler.uncommontrap.TestPrintDiagnosticsWithoutProfileTraps
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TraceDeoptimizationNoRealloc.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TraceDeoptimizationNoRealloc.java
index abac84cdf23..ac3def06f89 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TraceDeoptimizationNoRealloc.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/uncommontrap/TraceDeoptimizationNoRealloc.java
@@ -24,11 +24,11 @@
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8067144
- * @summary -XX:+TraceDeoptimization tries to print realloc'ed objects even when there are none
+ * @summary -Xlog:deoptimization=debug tries to print realloc'ed objects even when there are none
  *
  * @run main/othervm -XX:-BackgroundCompilation -XX:-UseOnStackReplacement
  *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:-DisplayVMOutput
- *                   -XX:+TraceDeoptimization
+ *                   -Xlog:deoptimization=debug
  *                   compiler.uncommontrap.TraceDeoptimizationNoRealloc
  */
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayAccessDeopt.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayAccessDeopt.java
index 790271b00c4..7d8c675d008 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayAccessDeopt.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrayAccessDeopt.java
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ static public void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             // Run test in new VM instance
             String[] arg = {"--enable-preview", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED", "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
                             "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:CompileCommand=quiet", "-XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayAccessDeopt::test*", "-XX:-UseArrayLoadStoreProfile",
-                            "-XX:+TraceDeoptimization", "-Xbatch", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-Xmixed", "-XX:+ProfileInterpreter", "compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayAccessDeopt", "run"};
+                            "-Xlog:deoptimization=debug", "-Xbatch", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-Xmixed", "-XX:+ProfileInterpreter", "compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestArrayAccessDeopt", "run"};
             OutputAnalyzer oa = ProcessTools.executeTestJava(arg);
             oa.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
             String output = oa.getOutput();
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/logging/DeoptLoggingTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/logging/DeoptLoggingTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..18ffeeb4ee7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/logging/DeoptLoggingTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * @test Test logging deoptimization
+ * @bug 8287010
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run driver DeoptLoggingTest
+ */
+
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.regex.Matcher;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+import jdk.test.lib.Platform;
+
+public class DeoptLoggingTest {
+
+    static String infoPattern = "[deoptimization]";
+
+    static String[] debugPatterns = { "\\[deoptimization\\] DEOPT PACKING",
+                                      "\\[deoptimization\\] DEOPT UNPACKING" };
+
+    static String[] extraDebugPatterns = {
+                        "\\[debug *\\]\\[deoptimization\\]  - Reconstructed local",
+                        "\\[debug *\\]\\[deoptimization\\]  - Reconstructed expression",
+                        "\\[debug\\]\\[deoptimization\\].*\\{method\\} \\{.*\\}" };
+
+
+    static String[] tracePatterns = { "[trace][deoptimization] [BEFORE Deoptimization]",
+                                      "[trace][deoptimization] [Describe stack]",
+                                      "[trace][deoptimization] ~Stub::call_stub_stub (stub gen)",
+                                      "[trace][deoptimization] [AFTER Deoptimization]",
+                                      "[trace][deoptimization] ~return entry points" };
+
+
+    static void test() throws Exception {
+        // Test that nothing is printed on the info level.
+        ProcessBuilder pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder("-Xlog:deoptimization=info",
+                                                                             "-Xcomp", "DeoptLoggingTest", "test");
+        OutputAnalyzer o = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+        o.shouldNotContain(infoPattern).shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+
+        // Test that packing, unpacking and nmethod are printed, including frames that are unpacked.
+        pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder("-Xlog:deoptimization=debug",
+                                                              "-Xcomp", "DeoptLoggingTest", "test");
+        o = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+        for (var pattern : debugPatterns) {
+           o.shouldMatch(pattern);
+        }
+        o.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+
+        // Test that nothing is printed to stdout everything is printed to the log file.
+        pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder("-Xlog:deoptimization=trace:rt.log",
+                                                              "-Xcomp", "DeoptLoggingTest", "test");
+        o = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+        o.stdoutShouldBeEmpty().shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+
+        // Read rt.log
+        String log = Files.readString(Path.of("rt.log"));
+        if (!log.contains("[deoptimization]")) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("No deoptimization output in rt.log");
+        }
+
+        // Prints more debugging information in debug mode when -XX:+DeoptimizeALot is on. This replaced DebugDeoptimization.
+        if (Platform.isDebugBuild()) {
+            pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder("-Xlog:deoptimization=trace",
+                                                                  "-Xcomp",
+                                                                  "-XX:+DeoptimizeALot", "DeoptLoggingTest", "test");
+            o = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+            for (var dbg : extraDebugPatterns) {
+                o.shouldMatch(dbg); // There is some extra output in debug mode.
+            }
+            for (var pattern : tracePatterns) {
+               o.shouldContain(pattern);
+            }
+            o.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+
+            // Test that nothing goes to stdout
+            pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder("-Xlog:deoptimization=trace:rt.log",
+                                                                  "-Xcomp",
+                                                                  "-XX:+DeoptimizeALot", "DeoptLoggingTest", "test");
+            o = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+            o.stdoutShouldBeEmpty().shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+        }
+    };
+
+    public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
+        System.gc();
+        if (args.length == 0) {
+            test();
+        }
+    }
+}

From a5a6ee4b233cb218704ce8eee42c67c3255c8dbb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matias Saavedra Silva <matsaave@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 19:46:26 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 458/707] 8370493: [ubsan] aotMapLogger.cpp:864:44: runtime
 error: applying non-zero offset NNNNN to null pointer

Reviewed-by: amitkumar, iklam
---
 src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMapLogger.cpp        |  3 ++-
 src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMappedHeapLoader.cpp |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/cds/archiveBuilder.cpp      | 10 +++++-----
 src/hotspot/share/cds/archiveUtils.hpp        |  9 +++++++++
 4 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMapLogger.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMapLogger.cpp
index 728213ce609..63aeac091f7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMapLogger.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMapLogger.cpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include "cds/aotMappedHeapWriter.hpp"
 #include "cds/aotStreamedHeapLoader.hpp"
 #include "cds/aotStreamedHeapWriter.hpp"
+#include "cds/archiveUtils.hpp"
 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
 #include "cds/filemap.hpp"
 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
@@ -967,7 +968,7 @@ void AOTMapLogger::runtime_log_heap_region(FileMapInfo* mapinfo) {
     }
 
     address requested_base = UseCompressedOops ? (address)mapinfo->narrow_oop_base() : AOTMappedHeapLoader::heap_region_requested_address(mapinfo);
-    address requested_start = requested_base + r->mapping_offset();
+    address requested_start = ArchiveUtils::offset_from_requested_base(requested_base, r->mapping_offset());
     log_region_range("heap", buffer_start, buffer_end, requested_start);
     log_archived_objects(AOTMappedHeapLoader::oop_iterator(mapinfo, buffer_start, buffer_end));
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMappedHeapLoader.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMappedHeapLoader.cpp
index b8c1fd51ec8..2e3cbd24a65 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMappedHeapLoader.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMappedHeapLoader.cpp
@@ -771,7 +771,7 @@ AOTMapLogger::OopDataIterator* AOTMappedHeapLoader::oop_iterator(FileMapInfo* in
 
   FileMapRegion* r = info->region_at(AOTMetaspace::hp);
   address requested_base = UseCompressedOops ? (address)info->narrow_oop_base() : heap_region_requested_address(info);
-  address requested_start = requested_base + r->mapping_offset();
+  address requested_start = ArchiveUtils::offset_from_requested_base(requested_base, r->mapping_offset());
   int requested_shift = info->narrow_oop_shift();
 
   return new MappedLoaderOopIterator(buffer_start,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/archiveBuilder.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/archiveBuilder.cpp
index 09a2e80ebaa..0e65d9d2101 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/archiveBuilder.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/archiveBuilder.cpp
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ address ArchiveBuilder::reserve_buffer() {
     size_t static_archive_size = _mapped_static_archive_top - _mapped_static_archive_bottom;
 
     // At run time, we will mmap the dynamic archive at my_archive_requested_bottom
-    _requested_static_archive_top = _requested_static_archive_bottom + static_archive_size;
+    _requested_static_archive_top = ArchiveUtils::offset_from_requested_base(_requested_static_archive_bottom, static_archive_size);
     my_archive_requested_bottom = align_up(_requested_static_archive_top, AOTMetaspace::core_region_alignment());
 
     _requested_dynamic_archive_bottom = my_archive_requested_bottom;
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ address ArchiveBuilder::reserve_buffer() {
 
   _buffer_to_requested_delta = my_archive_requested_bottom - _buffer_bottom;
 
-  address my_archive_requested_top = my_archive_requested_bottom + buffer_size;
+  address my_archive_requested_top = ArchiveUtils::offset_from_requested_base(my_archive_requested_bottom, buffer_size);
   if (my_archive_requested_bottom <  _requested_static_archive_bottom ||
       my_archive_requested_top    <= _requested_static_archive_bottom) {
     // Size overflow.
@@ -988,7 +988,7 @@ size_t ArchiveBuilder::any_to_offset(address p) const {
 }
 
 address ArchiveBuilder::offset_to_buffered_address(size_t offset) const {
-  address requested_addr = _requested_static_archive_bottom + offset;
+  address requested_addr = ArchiveUtils::offset_from_requested_base(_requested_static_archive_bottom, offset);
   address buffered_addr = requested_addr - _buffer_to_requested_delta;
   assert(is_in_buffer_space(buffered_addr), "bad offset");
   return buffered_addr;
@@ -1054,7 +1054,7 @@ class RelocateBufferToRequested : public BitMapClosure {
 
     address bottom = _builder->buffer_bottom();
     address top = _builder->buffer_top();
-    address new_bottom = bottom + _buffer_to_requested_delta;
+    address new_bottom = bottom +  _buffer_to_requested_delta;
     address new_top = top + _buffer_to_requested_delta;
     aot_log_debug(aot)("Relocating archive from [" INTPTR_FORMAT " - " INTPTR_FORMAT "] to "
                    "[" INTPTR_FORMAT " - " INTPTR_FORMAT "]",
@@ -1115,7 +1115,7 @@ void ArchiveBuilder::relocate_to_requested() {
   size_t my_archive_size = buffer_top() - buffer_bottom();
 
   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_static_archive()) {
-    _requested_static_archive_top = _requested_static_archive_bottom + my_archive_size;
+    _requested_static_archive_top = ArchiveUtils::offset_from_requested_base(_requested_static_archive_bottom, my_archive_size);
     RelocateBufferToRequested<true> patcher(this);
     patcher.doit();
   } else {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/archiveUtils.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/archiveUtils.hpp
index 42455adedd0..5ed3ac140ca 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/archiveUtils.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/archiveUtils.hpp
@@ -290,6 +290,15 @@ class ArchiveUtils {
   static Array<T>* archive_array(GrowableArray<T>* tmp_array) {
     return archive_ptr_array(tmp_array);
   }
+
+  // Compute the address at the given offset from requested_base, which must be the
+  // requested address of the bottom of the static or dynamic archive. In the case of
+  // the static archive, it's possible for requested_base to have the numerical value
+  // of 0x0, so we use integer arithmetic to avoid UB pointer arithmetic.
+  template <typename T>
+  static address offset_from_requested_base(T requested_base, size_t offset) {
+    return (address)((uintptr_t)requested_base + offset);
+  }
 };
 
 class HeapRootSegments {

From c678a27012299cecd2fe925c7da7f2b8f9f6fbfd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Suchismith Roy <sroy@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 21:14:06 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 459/707] 8353854: Change map_memory() signature to match other
 functions

Reviewed-by: stuefe, amitkumar, stefank
---
 src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp                | 16 ++++++++--------
 src/hotspot/share/classfile/compactHashtable.cpp |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.cpp                 |  4 ++--
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.hpp                 |  6 ++----
 test/hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_os.cpp           |  2 +-
 5 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp
index cc97b6650bc..589a33014d3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp
@@ -1193,9 +1193,9 @@ void FileMapInfo::close() {
  */
 static char* map_memory(int fd, const char* file_name, size_t file_offset,
                         char* addr, size_t bytes, bool read_only,
-                        bool allow_exec, MemTag mem_tag) {
+                        MemTag mem_tag, bool allow_exec) {
   char* mem = os::map_memory(fd, file_name, file_offset, addr, bytes,
-                             mem_tag, AlwaysPreTouch ? false : read_only,
+                             AlwaysPreTouch ? false : read_only, mem_tag,
                              allow_exec);
   if (mem != nullptr && AlwaysPreTouch) {
     os::pretouch_memory(mem, mem + bytes);
@@ -1210,8 +1210,8 @@ char* FileMapInfo::map_heap_region(FileMapRegion* r, char* addr, size_t bytes) {
                     addr,
                     bytes,
                     r->read_only(),
-                    r->allow_exec(),
-                    mtJavaHeap);
+                    mtJavaHeap,
+                    r->allow_exec());
 }
 
 // JVM/TI RedefineClasses() support:
@@ -1232,7 +1232,7 @@ bool FileMapInfo::remap_shared_readonly_as_readwrite() {
   assert(WINDOWS_ONLY(false) NOT_WINDOWS(true), "Don't call on Windows");
   // Replace old mapping with new one that is writable.
   char *base = os::map_memory(_fd, _full_path, r->file_offset(),
-                              addr, size, mtNone, false /* !read_only */,
+                              addr, size, false /* !read_only */, mtNone,
                               r->allow_exec());
   close();
   // These have to be errors because the shared region is now unmapped.
@@ -1354,7 +1354,7 @@ MapArchiveResult FileMapInfo::map_region(int i, intx addr_delta, char* mapped_ba
     // space (Posix). See also comment in AOTMetaspace::map_archives().
     char* base = map_memory(_fd, _full_path, r->file_offset(),
                             requested_addr, size, r->read_only(),
-                            r->allow_exec(), mtClassShared);
+                            mtClassShared, r->allow_exec());
     if (base != requested_addr) {
       AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("Unable to map %s shared space at " INTPTR_FORMAT,
                                             shared_region_name[i], p2i(requested_addr));
@@ -1390,7 +1390,7 @@ char* FileMapInfo::map_auxiliary_region(int region_index, bool read_only) {
   bool allow_exec = false;
   char* requested_addr = nullptr; // allow OS to pick any location
   char* mapped_base = map_memory(_fd, _full_path, r->file_offset(),
-                                 requested_addr, r->used_aligned(), read_only, allow_exec, mtClassShared);
+                                 requested_addr, r->used_aligned(), read_only, mtClassShared, allow_exec);
   if (mapped_base == nullptr) {
     AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("failed to map %d region", region_index);
     return nullptr;
@@ -1439,7 +1439,7 @@ bool FileMapInfo::map_aot_code_region(ReservedSpace rs) {
     // AOT code is copied to the CodeCache for execution.
     bool read_only = false, allow_exec = false;
     mapped_base = map_memory(_fd, _full_path, r->file_offset(),
-                             requested_base, r->used_aligned(), read_only, allow_exec, mtClassShared);
+                             requested_base, r->used_aligned(), read_only, mtClassShared, allow_exec);
   }
   if (mapped_base == nullptr) {
     AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("failed to map aot code region");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/compactHashtable.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/compactHashtable.cpp
index f06f1986d8b..1c392494137 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/compactHashtable.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/compactHashtable.cpp
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ HashtableTextDump::HashtableTextDump(const char* filename) : _fd(-1) {
   if (_fd < 0) {
     quit("Unable to open hashtable dump file", filename);
   }
-  _base = os::map_memory(_fd, filename, 0, nullptr, _size, mtNone, true, false);
+  _base = os::map_memory(_fd, filename, 0, nullptr, _size, true /* read_only */, mtNone, false /* allow_exec */);
   if (_base == nullptr) {
     quit("Unable to map hashtable dump file", filename);
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.cpp
index dba4c98ca4b..0b79c7a4285 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.cpp
@@ -2386,8 +2386,8 @@ char* os::attempt_map_memory_to_file_at(char* addr, size_t bytes, int file_desc,
 }
 
 char* os::map_memory(int fd, const char* file_name, size_t file_offset,
-                           char *addr, size_t bytes, MemTag mem_tag,
-                            bool read_only, bool allow_exec) {
+                     char *addr, size_t bytes, bool read_only,
+                     MemTag mem_tag, bool allow_exec) {
   char* result = pd_map_memory(fd, file_name, file_offset, addr, bytes, read_only, allow_exec);
   if (result != nullptr) {
     MemTracker::record_virtual_memory_reserve_and_commit((address)result, bytes, CALLER_PC, mem_tag);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.hpp
index 452a7e05d94..51af27248ff 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/os.hpp
@@ -233,8 +233,7 @@ class os: AllStatic {
   static char*  pd_attempt_map_memory_to_file_at(char* addr, size_t bytes, int file_desc);
 
   static char*  pd_map_memory(int fd, const char* file_name, size_t file_offset,
-                           char *addr, size_t bytes, bool read_only = false,
-                           bool allow_exec = false);
+                              char *addr, size_t bytes, bool read_only, bool allow_exec);
   static bool   pd_unmap_memory(char *addr, size_t bytes);
   static void   pd_disclaim_memory(char *addr, size_t bytes);
   static void   pd_realign_memory(char *addr, size_t bytes, size_t alignment_hint);
@@ -588,8 +587,7 @@ class os: AllStatic {
   static char* replace_existing_mapping_with_file_mapping(char* base, size_t size, int fd);
 
   static char*  map_memory(int fd, const char* file_name, size_t file_offset,
-                           char *addr, size_t bytes, MemTag mem_tag, bool read_only = false,
-                           bool allow_exec = false);
+                           char *addr, size_t bytes, bool read_only, MemTag mem_tag, bool allow_exec);
   static void   unmap_memory(char *addr, size_t bytes);
   static void   disclaim_memory(char *addr, size_t bytes);
   static void   realign_memory(char *addr, size_t bytes, size_t alignment_hint);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_os.cpp b/test/hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_os.cpp
index 72e1080f099..75d4f7bb9d5 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_os.cpp
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_os.cpp
@@ -1200,7 +1200,7 @@ TEST_VM(os, map_unmap_memory) {
   ::close(fd);
 
   fd = os::open(path, O_RDONLY, 0666);
-  char* result = os::map_memory(fd, path, 0, nullptr, size, mtTest, true, false);
+  char* result = os::map_memory(fd, path, 0, nullptr, size, true /* read_only */, mtTest, false /* allow_exec */);
   ASSERT_NOT_NULL(result);
   EXPECT_EQ(strcmp(letters, result), 0);
   os::unmap_memory(result, size);

From 6449400f23f09a7c6137fb7c5be757861ff77578 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ioi Lam <iklam@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 23:24:06 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 460/707] 8389189: Ignore different AOTClassLinking option
 between AOT training and assembly

Reviewed-by: kvn, iveresov
---
 src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp           |  5 +-
 src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp             | 30 +++++++--
 src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.hpp             |  4 +-
 .../cds/appcds/aotCache/VerifierFailOver.java | 65 ++++++-------------
 .../runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AOTFlags.java |  7 +-
 .../appcds/aotFlags/JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS.java   | 23 ++++---
 6 files changed, 63 insertions(+), 71 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp
index b488269df87..5a534bba0f0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp
@@ -614,10 +614,7 @@ void CDSConfig::check_aotmode_create() {
   UseSharedSpaces = true;
   RequireSharedSpaces = true;
 
-  if (!FileMapInfo::is_preimage_static_archive(AOTConfiguration)) {
-    vm_exit_during_initialization("Must be a valid AOT configuration generated by the current JVM", AOTConfiguration);
-  }
-
+  FileMapInfo::check_preimage_static_archive(AOTConfiguration);
   CDSConfig::enable_dumping_static_archive();
 
   // We don't load any agents in the assembly phase, so we can ensure that the agents
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp
index 589a33014d3..aa4176b2ace 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp
@@ -312,6 +312,7 @@ void FileMapHeader::populate(FileMapInfo *info, size_t core_region_alignment,
   _spec_trap_limit_extra_entries = SpecTrapLimitExtraEntries;
   _max_heap_size = MaxHeapSize;
   _use_optimized_module_handling = CDSConfig::is_using_optimized_module_handling();
+  _aot_class_linking_value = AOTClassLinking;
   _has_aot_linked_classes = CDSConfig::is_dumping_aot_linked_classes();
   _has_full_module_graph = CDSConfig::is_dumping_full_module_graph();
   _has_valhalla_patched_classes = Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled();
@@ -557,12 +558,17 @@ class FileHeaderHelper {
     return true;
   }
 
-  GenericCDSFileMapHeader* get_generic_file_header() {
+  GenericCDSFileMapHeader* get_generic_file_header() const {
     assert(_header != nullptr && _is_valid, "must be a valid archive file");
     return _header;
   }
 
-  const char* base_archive_name() {
+  FileMapHeader* get_validated_file_header() const {
+    assert(_header != nullptr && _is_valid, "must have been validated");
+    return (FileMapHeader*)_header;
+  }
+
+  const char* base_archive_name() const {
     assert(_header != nullptr && _is_valid, "must be a valid archive file");
     return _base_archive_name;
   }
@@ -579,6 +585,10 @@ class FileHeaderHelper {
     return _header->_magic == CDS_PREIMAGE_ARCHIVE_MAGIC;
   }
 
+  bool aot_class_linking_value() const {
+    return get_validated_file_header()->aot_class_linking_value();
+  }
+
  private:
   bool check_header_crc() const {
     if (VerifySharedSpaces) {
@@ -686,12 +696,20 @@ bool FileMapInfo::get_base_archive_name_from_header(const char* archive_name,
   return true;
 }
 
-bool FileMapInfo::is_preimage_static_archive(const char* file) {
+void FileMapInfo::check_preimage_static_archive(const char* file) {
   FileHeaderHelper file_helper(file, false);
-  if (!file_helper.initialize()) {
-    return false;
+  if (!file_helper.initialize() || !file_helper.is_preimage_static_archive()) {
+    vm_exit_during_initialization("Must be a valid AOT configuration generated by the current JVM", file);
+  }
+
+  bool old_value = file_helper.aot_class_linking_value();
+  if (AOTClassLinking != old_value) {
+    if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AOTClassLinking)) {
+      aot_log_warning(aot)("AOTClassLinking is updated to %s (the same as when AOT configuration file %s was created)",
+                           old_value ? "true" : "false", file);
+    }
+    FLAG_SET_ERGO(AOTClassLinking, old_value);
   }
-  return file_helper.is_preimage_static_archive();
 }
 
 // Read the FileMapInfo information from the file.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.hpp
index d0713c17482..293831cd0d8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.hpp
@@ -177,6 +177,7 @@ class FileMapHeader: private CDSFileMapHeaderBase {
   bool   _use_optimized_module_handling;// No module-relation VM options were specified, so we can skip
                                         // some expensive operations.
   bool   _has_aot_linked_classes;       // Was the CDS archive created with -XX:+AOTClassLinking
+  bool   _aot_class_linking_value;      // The value of the AOTClassLinking variable when this archive was created
   bool   _has_full_module_graph;        // Does this CDS archive contain the full archived module graph?
   bool   _has_valhalla_patched_classes; // Is this archived dumped with --enable-preview?
   CDSMustMatchFlags _must_match;        // These flags must be the same between dumptime and runtime
@@ -235,6 +236,7 @@ class FileMapHeader: private CDSFileMapHeaderBase {
   char* mapped_base_address()              const { return _mapped_base_address; }
   bool has_platform_or_app_classes()       const { return _has_platform_or_app_classes; }
   bool has_aot_linked_classes()            const { return _has_aot_linked_classes; }
+  bool aot_class_linking_value()           const { return _aot_class_linking_value; }
   bool compressed_oops()                   const { return _compressed_oops; }
   bool compatible_oop_compression()        const { return _compatible_oop_compression; }
   int narrow_klass_pointer_bits()          const { return _narrow_klass_pointer_bits; }
@@ -323,7 +325,7 @@ class FileMapInfo : public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
   FileMapHeader *header() const       { return _header; }
   static bool get_base_archive_name_from_header(const char* archive_name,
                                                 const char** base_archive_name);
-  static bool is_preimage_static_archive(const char* file);
+  static void check_preimage_static_archive(const char* file);
 
   bool init_from_file(int fd);
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/VerifierFailOver.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/VerifierFailOver.java
index 82a5ccb2142..207868ac26a 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/VerifierFailOver.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/VerifierFailOver.java
@@ -45,61 +45,34 @@ public class VerifierFailOver {
     static final String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("app.jar");
 
     public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
+        test(true);
+        test(false);
+    }
+
+    static void test(boolean aotClassLinking) throws Exception {
         SimpleCDSAppTester.of("VerifierFailOver")
             .addVmArgs("-Xlog:aot,aot+class=debug")
+            .addVmArgs("-XX:" + (aotClassLinking ? "+" : "-") + "AOTClassLinking")
             .classpath("app.jar")
             .appCommandLine("VerifierFailOverApp")
             .setTrainingChecker((OutputAnalyzer out) -> {
-                    out.shouldMatch("class.* klasses.* VerifierFailOver_Helper");
+                    if (aotClassLinking) {
+                        out.shouldMatch("class.* klasses.* VerifierFailOver_Helper");
+                    } else {
+                        out.shouldMatch("Skipping VerifierFailOver_Helper: Verified with old verifier");
+                    }
                 })
             .setAssemblyChecker((OutputAnalyzer out) -> {
-                    // Classes verified with fail-over can be cached if AOTClassLinking is on
-                    out.shouldMatch("class.* klasses.* VerifierFailOverApp aot-linked");
-                    out.shouldMatch("class.* klasses.* VerifierFailOver_Helper aot-linked");
+                    if (aotClassLinking) {
+                        // Classes verified with fail-over can be cached if AOTClassLinking is on
+                        out.shouldMatch("class.* klasses.* VerifierFailOverApp aot-linked");
+                        out.shouldMatch("class.* klasses.* VerifierFailOver_Helper aot-linked");
+                    } else {
+                        out.shouldMatch("class.* klasses.* VerifierFailOverApp");
+                        out.shouldNotMatch("class.* klasses.* VerifierFailOverApp_Helper");
+                    }
                 })
             .runAOTWorkflow();
-
-
-        // When running an assembly run without AOTClassLinking, any classes verified with
-        // fail-over need to be excluded.
-        Tester t = new Tester();
-        t.runAOTWorkflow();
-    }
-
-    static class Tester extends CDSAppTester {
-        public Tester() {
-            super(mainClass);
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public String classpath(RunMode runMode) {
-            return appJar;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public String[] vmArgs(RunMode runMode) {
-            if (runMode == RunMode.ASSEMBLY) {
-                return new String[] {"-XX:-AOTClassLinking", "-Xlog:aot,aot+class=debug"};
-            } else {
-                return new String[] { "-Xlog:aot,aot+class=debug" };
-            }
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public String[] appCommandLine(RunMode runMode) {
-            return new String[] { mainClass };
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void checkExecution(OutputAnalyzer out, RunMode runMode)  throws Exception {
-            if (runMode == RunMode.TRAINING) {
-                out.shouldMatch("class.* klasses.* VerifierFailOver_Helper");
-            } else if (runMode == RunMode.ASSEMBLY) {
-                out.shouldContain("Skipping VerifierFailOver_Helper: Old class has been linked");
-                out.shouldMatch("class.* klasses.* VerifierFailOverApp");
-                out.shouldNotMatch("class.* klasses.* VerifierFailOver_Helper");
-            }
-        }
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AOTFlags.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AOTFlags.java
index a62066efe91..f43155bf6d5 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AOTFlags.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AOTFlags.java
@@ -148,18 +148,19 @@ static void positiveTests() throws Exception {
             "-XX:+AOTCompatibleOopCompression", // avoid production run failure due to incompatible CompressedOops::base
             "-cp", appJar);
         out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "asm");
+        out.shouldContain("AOTClassLinking is updated to true (the same as when AOT configuration file");
         out.shouldContain("AOTCache creation is complete");
         out.shouldMatch("hello[.]aot");
         out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
 
         //----------------------------------------------------------------------
-        printTestCase("Production Run with AOTCache, which was created with -XX:-AOTClassLinking");
+        printTestCase("Production Run with AOTCache created from the last step");
         pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder(
             "-XX:AOTCache=" + aotCacheFile,
             "-Xlog:aot",
             "-cp", appJar, helloClass);
         out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "prod");
-        out.shouldContain("Using AOT-linked classes: false (static archive: no aot-linked classes)");
+        out.shouldContain("Using AOT-linked classes: true");
         out.shouldContain("Opened AOT cache hello.aot.");
         out.shouldContain("Hello World");
         out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
@@ -185,8 +186,10 @@ static void positiveTests() throws Exception {
             "-Xlog:aot=debug",
             "-cp", appJar);
         out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "asm");
+        out.shouldContain("AOTClassLinking is updated to false (the same as when AOT configuration file");
         out.shouldContain("Writing AOTCache file:");
         out.shouldMatch("aot.*hello[.]aot");
+        out.shouldContain("Using AOT-linked classes: false");
         out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
 
         //----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS.java
index 5c534b58ee5..e8f98bf720c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS.java
@@ -61,12 +61,12 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             "-cp", appJar, helloClass);
         // The "-Xshare:off" below should be treated as part of a property value and not
         // a VM option by itself
-        pb.environment().put("JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS", "-Dsome.option='foo -Xshare:off ' -Xmx512m -XX:-AOTClassLinking");
-        out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "onestep-train");
+        pb.environment().put("JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS", "-Dsome.option='foo -Xshare:off ' -Xmx512m -XX:+PrintFlagsFinal");
+        out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "ontstep-train");
         out.shouldContain("Hello World");
         out.shouldContain("AOTCache creation is complete: hello.aot");
         out.shouldContain("Picked up JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS: -Dsome.option='foo -Xshare:off '");
-        checkAOTClassLinkingDisabled(out);
+        checkPrintFlagsFinal(out);
 
         //----------------------------------------------------------------------
         printTestCase("JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS (two-command training)");
@@ -88,10 +88,10 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             "-XX:AOTCache=" + aotCacheFile,
             "-Xlog:aot",
             "-cp", appJar);
-        pb.environment().put("JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS", "-XX:-AOTClassLinking");
+        pb.environment().put("JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS", "-XX:+PrintFlagsFinal");
         out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "asm");
         out.shouldContain("Picked up JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS:");
-        checkAOTClassLinkingDisabled(out);
+        checkPrintFlagsFinal(out);
 
         //----------------------------------------------------------------------
         printTestCase("JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS (with AOTMode specified in -XX:VMOptionsFile)");
@@ -104,14 +104,14 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             "-XX:AOTCache=" + aotCacheFile,
             "-Xlog:aot",
             "-cp", appJar);
-        pb.environment().put("JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS", "-XX:-AOTClassLinking");
+        pb.environment().put("JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS", "-XX:+PrintFlagsFinal");
         out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "asm");
         out.shouldContain("Picked up JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS:");
-        checkAOTClassLinkingDisabled(out);
+        checkPrintFlagsFinal(out);
 
         //----------------------------------------------------------------------
         printTestCase("Using -XX:VMOptionsFile inside JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS)");
-        Files.writeString(Path.of(optionsFile), "-XX:-AOTClassLinking");
+        Files.writeString(Path.of(optionsFile), "-XX:+PrintFlagsFinal");
 
         pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder(
             "-XX:AOTMode=create",
@@ -122,12 +122,11 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         pb.environment().put("JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS", "-XX:VMOptionsFile="  + optionsFile);
         out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "asm");
         out.shouldContain("Picked up JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS:");
-        checkAOTClassLinkingDisabled(out);
+        checkPrintFlagsFinal(out);
     }
 
-    static void checkAOTClassLinkingDisabled(OutputAnalyzer out) {
-        out.shouldMatch("aot-linked =[ ]+0,"); // -XX:-AOTClassLinking should take effect
-        out.shouldNotMatch("aot-linked =[ ]+[1-9]");
+    static void checkPrintFlagsFinal(OutputAnalyzer out) {
+        out.shouldMatch("bool PrintFlagsFinal .*= true.*product.*environment");
         out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
     }
 

From 52cd87fef6f3a4f017faf9efbdfa657413130862 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alexander Zvegintsev <azvegint@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 6 Aug 2026 04:41:18 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 461/707] 8389589: [TEST_BUG]
 java/awt/FullScreen/SetFSWindow/FSFrame.java hides failure by swallowing
 exception

Reviewed-by: psadhukhan, serb
---
 .../awt/FullScreen/SetFSWindow/FSFrame.java   | 123 +++++++-----------
 1 file changed, 48 insertions(+), 75 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/java/awt/FullScreen/SetFSWindow/FSFrame.java b/test/jdk/java/awt/FullScreen/SetFSWindow/FSFrame.java
index d2d8718622f..69ce6047aac 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/awt/FullScreen/SetFSWindow/FSFrame.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/awt/FullScreen/SetFSWindow/FSFrame.java
@@ -22,12 +22,21 @@
  */
 
 /*
- * @test
+ * @test id=default
  * @key headful
  * @bug 6240507 6662642
- * @summary verify that isFullScreenSupported and getFullScreenWindow work
+ * @summary verify that isFullScreenSupported work
  * correctly. Note that the test may fail on older Gnome versions (see bug 6500686).
  * @run main FSFrame
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=windows_d3d_false
+ * @key headful
+ * @bug 6240507 6662642
+ * @summary verify that isFullScreenSupported work
+ * correctly. Note that the test may fail on older Gnome versions (see bug 6500686).
+ * @requires (os.family == "windows")
  * @run main/othervm -Dsun.java2d.d3d=false FSFrame
  */
 
@@ -47,24 +56,12 @@
 import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
 import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
 
-public class FSFrame extends Frame implements Runnable {
+public class FSFrame extends Frame {
 
-    // Don't start the test until the window is visible
-    boolean visible = false;
-    Robot robot = null;
-    static volatile boolean done = false;
+    static FSFrame frame;
+    static Robot robot = null;
 
     public void paint(Graphics g) {
-        if (!visible && getWidth() != 0 && getHeight() != 0) {
-            visible = true;
-            try {
-                GraphicsDevice gd = getGraphicsConfiguration().getDevice();
-                robot = new Robot(gd);
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                System.out.println("Problem creating robot: cannot verify FS " +
-                                   "window display");
-            }
-        }
         g.setColor(Color.green);
         g.fillRect(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());
     }
@@ -91,7 +88,6 @@ boolean checkColor(int x, int y, BufferedImage bImg) {
 
     void checkFSDisplay(boolean fsSupported) {
         GraphicsConfiguration gc = getGraphicsConfiguration();
-        GraphicsDevice gd = gc.getDevice();
         Rectangle r = gc.getBounds();
         Insets in = null;
         if (!fsSupported) {
@@ -103,9 +99,7 @@ void checkFSDisplay(boolean fsSupported) {
         BufferedImage bImg = robot.createScreenCapture(r);
         // Check that all four corners and middle pixel match the window's
         // fill color
-        if (robot == null) {
-            return;
-        }
+
         boolean colorCorrect = true;
         colorCorrect &= checkColor(0, 0, bImg);
         colorCorrect &= checkColor(0, bImg.getHeight() - 1, bImg);
@@ -122,9 +116,10 @@ void checkFSDisplay(boolean fsSupported) {
                     (fsSupported?"supported":"not_supported")+".png";
             try {
                 ImageIO.write(bImg, "png", new File(name));
-                System.out.println("Dumped screen shot to "+name);
-            } catch (IOException ex) {}
-            throw new Error("Some pixel colors not correct; FS window may not" +
+                System.out.println("Dumped screen shot to " + name);
+            } catch (IOException ignored) {}
+
+            throw new RuntimeException("Some pixel colors not correct; FS window may not" +
                             " have been displayed correctly");
         }
     }
@@ -134,69 +129,47 @@ void checkFSFunctionality() {
         try {
             // None of these should throw an exception
             final boolean fs = gd.isFullScreenSupported();
+
             System.out.println("FullscreenSupported: " + (fs ? "yes" : "no"));
             gd.setFullScreenWindow(this);
+            // Give the system time to set the FS window and display it
+            // properly
+            robot.delay(2000);
+
+            // See if FS window got displayed correctly
             try {
-                // Give the system time to set the FS window and display it
-                // properly
-                Thread.sleep(2000);
-            } catch (Exception e) {}
-                // See if FS window got displayed correctly
-            try {
-                EventQueue.invokeAndWait(new Runnable() {
-                    public void run() {
-                        repaint();
-                        checkFSDisplay(fs);
-                    }
-                });
+                EventQueue.invokeAndWait(this::repaint);
             } catch (InvocationTargetException | InterruptedException ex) {
                 ex.printStackTrace();
             }
+
+            robot.waitForIdle(500);
+
+            checkFSDisplay(fs);
+        } finally {
             // reset window
             gd.setFullScreenWindow(null);
-            try {
-                // Give the system time to set the FS window and display it
-                // properly
-                Thread.sleep(2000);
-            } catch (Exception e) {}
-        } catch (SecurityException e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
-            throw new Error("Failure: should not get an exception when " +
-                            "calling isFSSupported or setFSWindow");
+            // Give the system time to set the FS window and display it
+            // properly
+            robot.delay(2000);
         }
     }
 
-    public void run() {
-        boolean firstTime = true;
-        while (!done) {
-            if (visible) {
-                checkFSFunctionality();
-                done = true;
-            } else {
-                // sleep while we wait
-                try {
-                    // Give the system time to set the FS window and display it
-                    // properly
-                    Thread.sleep(100);
-                } catch (Exception e) {}
-            }
-        }
-        System.out.println("PASS");
-    }
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        try {
+            frame = new FSFrame();
+            frame.setUndecorated(true);
+            frame.setSize(500, 500);
+            frame.setVisible(true);
 
-    public static void main(String args[]) {
-        FSFrame frame = new FSFrame();
-        frame.setUndecorated(true);
-        Thread t = new Thread(frame);
-        frame.setSize(500, 500);
-        frame.setVisible(true);
-        t.start();
-        while (!done) {
-            try {
-                // Do not exit the main thread until the test is finished
-                Thread.sleep(1000);
-            } catch (Exception e) {}
+            robot = new Robot(frame.getGraphicsConfiguration().getDevice());
+            robot.waitForIdle(1000);
+
+            frame.checkFSFunctionality();
+
+            System.out.println("PASS");
+        } finally {
+            frame.dispose();
         }
-        frame.dispose();
     }
 }

From b3ba4471316c377a593d3a2db1248acf86234684 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jan Lahoda <jlahoda@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 6 Aug 2026 06:29:33 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 462/707] 8388279: Compiled code fails with verifier error (II)

Reviewed-by: mcimadamore, liach
---
 .../tools/javac/comp/LocalProxyVarsGen.java   | 92 ++++++++++++++++---
 .../classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java  | 29 ------
 .../ValueObjectCompilationTests.java          | 19 ++++
 3 files changed, 97 insertions(+), 43 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/LocalProxyVarsGen.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/LocalProxyVarsGen.java
index ca0ecf5b20a..517dd9a89e3 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/LocalProxyVarsGen.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/LocalProxyVarsGen.java
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
 import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Map.Entry;
 import java.util.Set;
 
 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Symbol;
@@ -50,6 +51,8 @@
 
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.FINAL;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.HASINIT;
+import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.LOCAL_CAPTURE_FIELD;
+import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.OUTER_THIS_FIELD;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.STRICT;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.SYNTHETIC;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTag.BOT;
@@ -58,6 +61,7 @@
 import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.JCStatement;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.TreeInfo;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.TreeScanner;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.List;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Options;
 
@@ -90,7 +94,8 @@ public static LocalProxyVarsGen instance(Context context) {
     private final Target target;
     private TreeMaker make;
     private final Map<Symbol, Set<Symbol>> fieldsReadInPrologue = new HashMap<>();
-    private final Map<JCMethodDecl, Map<JCTree, JCTree>> rollback = new HashMap<>();
+    private final Map<JCMethodDecl, Map<JCTree, JCTree>> rollbackTrees = new HashMap<>();
+    private final Map<JCMethodDecl, Map<JCTree, Symbol>> rollbackSymbols = new HashMap<>();
 
     private final boolean noLocalProxyVars;
 
@@ -114,6 +119,8 @@ public void addFieldReadInPrologue(Symbol owner, Symbol sym) {
     }
 
     public void patchConstructor(JCMethodDecl tree, TreeMaker make) {
+        rewriteEarlyInitializersIfNeeded(tree);
+
         /* if some fields have initializers those probably were added using the enclosing class as their map key
          * we need to recover those now and add them to this constructor
          */
@@ -136,6 +143,57 @@ public void patchConstructor(JCMethodDecl tree, TreeMaker make) {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Some early field initializer might contain references to synthetic Lower symbols,
+     * such as 'this$0' or local var proxies. Since these are effectively "early reads",
+     * we need to replace such reference with a reference to the corresponding
+     * (synthetic) constructor parameter.
+     */
+    private void rewriteEarlyInitializersIfNeeded(JCMethodDecl md) {
+        class EarlyInitializerVisitor extends TreeScanner {
+            private boolean prologue = true;
+            private Map<JCTree, Symbol> currentRollbackSymbols = new HashMap<>();
+            @Override
+            public void scan(JCTree tree) {
+                if (!prologue) {
+                    return ;
+                }
+                super.scan(tree);
+            }
+            @Override
+            public void visitIdent(JCTree.JCIdent tree) {
+                Symbol newSymbol = null;
+                if ((tree.sym.flags() & OUTER_THIS_FIELD) != 0) {
+                    newSymbol = md.sym.extraParams.head;
+                } else if ((tree.sym.flags() & LOCAL_CAPTURE_FIELD) != 0) {
+                    Symbol capturedSym = tree.sym.baseSymbol();
+                    newSymbol = md.sym.capturedLocals.stream()
+                            .filter(l -> l.baseSymbol() == capturedSym)
+                            .findAny().orElseThrow();
+                }
+                if (newSymbol != null) {
+                    currentRollbackSymbols.put(tree, tree.sym);
+                    tree.sym = newSymbol;
+                }
+            }
+            @Override
+            public void visitExec(JCTree.JCExpressionStatement tree) {
+                if (TreeInfo.isSuperCall(tree)) {
+                    prologue = false;
+                 } else {
+                    super.visitExec(tree);
+                 }
+             }
+        }
+        if (md.sym.capturedLocals.nonEmpty() || md.sym.extraParams.nonEmpty()) {
+            EarlyInitializerVisitor initializerVisitor = new EarlyInitializerVisitor();
+            initializerVisitor.scan(md.body);
+            if (!initializerVisitor.currentRollbackSymbols.isEmpty()) {
+                rollbackSymbols.put(md, initializerVisitor.currentRollbackSymbols);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     public void classGenerated(ClassSymbol csym) {
         fieldsReadInPrologue.remove(csym);
     }
@@ -164,7 +222,7 @@ void addLocalProxiesFor(JCMethodDecl constructor, Set<Symbol> fields, TreeMaker
         for (JCStatement st : constructor.body.stats) {
             newBody = newBody.append(fieldRewriter.translate(st));
         }
-        rollback.put(constructor, fieldRewriter.rollback);
+        rollbackTrees.put(constructor, fieldRewriter.rollback);
         localDeclarations.addAll(newBody);
         ListBuffer<JCStatement> assigmentsBeforeSuper = new ListBuffer<>();
         for (Symbol vsym : fieldToLocalMap.keySet()) {
@@ -209,22 +267,28 @@ private Name newLocalName(String name) {
     }
 
     public void unpatchConstructor(JCMethodDecl tree, TreeMaker make) {
-        Map<JCTree, JCTree> thisMethodRollback = rollback.remove(tree);
+        Map<JCTree, JCTree> thisMethodRollback = rollbackTrees.remove(tree);
 
-        if (thisMethodRollback == null) {
-            return ;
+        if (thisMethodRollback != null) {
+            new TreeTranslator() {
+                @Override
+                @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+                public <T extends JCTree> T translate(T tree) {
+                    if (tree != null && thisMethodRollback.containsKey(tree)) {
+                        return (T) thisMethodRollback.get(tree);
+                    }
+                    return super.translate(tree);
+                }
+            }.translate(tree.body);
         }
 
-        new TreeTranslator() {
-            @Override
-            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
-            public <T extends JCTree> T translate(T tree) {
-                if (tree != null && thisMethodRollback.containsKey(tree)) {
-                    return (T) thisMethodRollback.get(tree);
-                }
-                return super.translate(tree);
+        Map<JCTree, Symbol> thisMethodRollbackSymbols = rollbackSymbols.remove(tree);
+
+        if (thisMethodRollbackSymbols != null) {
+            for (Entry<JCTree, Symbol> e : thisMethodRollbackSymbols.entrySet()) {
+                TreeInfo.setSymbol(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
             }
-        }.translate(tree.body);
+        }
     }
 
     class FieldRewriter extends TreeTranslator {
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java
index 6921400d3cf..87d7974eb05 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/Gen.java
@@ -560,7 +560,6 @@ void normalizeMethod(JCMethodDecl md, List<JCStatement> initCode, List<JCStateme
             if (initCode.nonEmpty() || initBlocks.nonEmpty()) {
                 if (allowValueClasses &&
                         (md.sym.owner.isValueClass() || ((md.sym.owner.flags_field & RECORD) != 0))) {
-                    rewriteEarlyInitializersIfNeeded(md, initCode);
                     md.body.stats = initCode.appendList(md.body.stats);
                     TreeInfo.mapSuperCalls(md.body, supercall -> make.Block(0, initBlocks.prepend(supercall)));
                 } else {
@@ -574,34 +573,6 @@ void normalizeMethod(JCMethodDecl md, List<JCStatement> initCode, List<JCStateme
         }
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Some early field initializer might contain references to synthetic Lower symbols,
-     * such as 'this$0' or local var proxies. Since these are effectively "early reads",
-     * we need to replace such reference with a reference to the corresponding
-     * (synthetic) constructor parameter.
-     */
-    void rewriteEarlyInitializersIfNeeded(JCMethodDecl md, List<JCStatement> initCode) {
-        class EarlyInitializerVisitor extends TreeScanner {
-            @Override
-            public void visitIdent(JCIdent tree) {
-                if ((tree.sym.flags() & OUTER_THIS_FIELD) != 0) {
-                    tree.sym = md.sym.extraParams.head;
-                } else if ((tree.sym.flags() & LOCAL_CAPTURE_FIELD) != 0) {
-                    Symbol capturedSym = tree.sym.baseSymbol();
-                    tree.sym = md.sym.capturedLocals.stream()
-                            .filter(l -> l.baseSymbol() == capturedSym)
-                            .findAny().orElseThrow();
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        if (md.sym.capturedLocals.nonEmpty() || md.sym.extraParams.nonEmpty()) {
-            EarlyInitializerVisitor initializerVisitor = new EarlyInitializerVisitor();
-            for (JCStatement init : initCode) {
-                initializerVisitor.scan(init);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
 /* ************************************************************************
  * Traversal methods
  *************************************************************************/
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/ValueObjectCompilationTests.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/ValueObjectCompilationTests.java
index c3a98208f9a..27472769df4 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/ValueObjectCompilationTests.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/valhalla/value-objects/ValueObjectCompilationTests.java
@@ -1130,6 +1130,25 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
           }
           """);
         invokeMain("Test", dir);
+
+        dir = assertOK(true, """
+          class Test {
+              public static void main(String[] args) {
+                  int captured = 42;
+
+                  value class V1 {
+                      int x = captured;
+                      V1() { }
+                      V1(long padding) {}
+                  }
+
+                  if (new V1().x != captured || new V1(1L).x != captured) {
+                      throw new AssertionError();
+                  }
+              }
+          }
+          """);
+        invokeMain("Test", dir);
     }
 
     void invokeMain(String className, File dir) throws Exception {

From f0a1d0293a98442694310de02bb46d69c16d3801 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Marc Chevalier <mchevalier@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 6 Aug 2026 06:46:46 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 463/707] 8386769: [lworld] C2 parts of JDK-8350865 - Part. 2

Reviewed-by: thartmann, chagedorn
---
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeFlow.cpp           |   7 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp           |   9 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp           |   2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp       |   4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp             |  12 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp             |   4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/subtypenode.cpp        |   1 -
 .../inlinetypes/TestBasicFunctionality.java   |   9 +-
 .../inlinetypes/TestFlatInArraysFolding.java  |  21 +-
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java  |  11 +-
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java      | 407 +++++++++++++++---
 11 files changed, 395 insertions(+), 92 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeFlow.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeFlow.cpp
index a045623ba41..b18288a88db 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeFlow.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciTypeFlow.cpp
@@ -598,7 +598,6 @@ void ciTypeFlow::StateVector::do_aaload(ciBytecodeStream* str) {
     return;
   }
   ciKlass* element_klass = array_klass->element_klass();
-  // TODO 8350865 Can we check that array_klass is null_free and use mark_as_null_free on the result here?
   if (!element_klass->is_loaded() && element_klass->is_instance_klass()) {
     Untested("unloaded array element class in ciTypeFlow");
     trap(str, element_klass,
@@ -606,7 +605,11 @@ void ciTypeFlow::StateVector::do_aaload(ciBytecodeStream* str) {
          (Deoptimization::Reason_unloaded,
           Deoptimization::Action_reinterpret));
   } else {
-    push_object(element_klass);
+    ciType* maybe_null_free_element_klass = element_klass;
+    if (array_klass->is_refined() && array_klass->is_elem_null_free()) {
+      maybe_null_free_element_klass = outer()->mark_as_null_free(element_klass);
+    }
+    push(maybe_null_free_element_klass);
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp
index ad9d6e675e0..e41beaa26e0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp
@@ -3985,7 +3985,6 @@ Node* GraphKit::null_free_array_test(Node* array, bool null_free) {
 Node* GraphKit::null_free_atomic_array_test(Node* array, ciInlineKlass* vk) {
   assert(vk->has_null_free_atomic_layout() || vk->has_null_free_non_atomic_layout(), "Can't be null-free and flat");
 
-  // TODO 8350865 Add a stress flag to always access atomic if layout exists?
   if (!vk->has_null_free_non_atomic_layout()) {
     return intcon(1); // Always atomic
   } else if (!vk->has_null_free_atomic_layout()) {
@@ -4022,7 +4021,9 @@ Node* GraphKit::atomic_layout_array_test_and_get_layout_kind(Node* array, Region
 }
 
 // Deoptimize if 'ary' is a null-free inline type array and 'val' is null
-Node* GraphKit::inline_array_null_guard(Node* ary, Node* val, int nargs, bool safe_for_replace) {
+// Return `ary` as nullable if `val` is statically known to be null. Beware
+// it will also replace_in_map `ary` with the casted version.
+Node* GraphKit::inline_array_null_guard(Node* ary, Node* val, int nargs) {
   RegionNode* region = new RegionNode(3);
   Node* null_ctl = top();
   null_check_oop(val, &null_ctl);
@@ -4046,9 +4047,7 @@ Node* GraphKit::inline_array_null_guard(Node* ary, Node* val, int nargs, bool sa
     const TypeAryPtr* ary_t = _gvn.type(ary)->is_aryptr();
     ary_t = ary_t->cast_to_not_null_free();
     Node* cast = _gvn.transform(new CheckCastPPNode(control(), ary, ary_t));
-    if (safe_for_replace) {
-      replace_in_map(ary, cast);
-    }
+    replace_in_map(ary, cast);
     ary = cast;
   }
   return ary;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp
index bc4d6aeb371..9310a721dc6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp
@@ -842,7 +842,7 @@ class GraphKit : public Phase {
   Node* null_free_array_test(Node* array, bool null_free = true);
   Node* null_free_atomic_array_test(Node* array, ciInlineKlass* vk);
   Node* atomic_layout_array_test_and_get_layout_kind(Node* array, RegionNode* atomic_region);
-  Node* inline_array_null_guard(Node* ary, Node* val, int nargs, bool safe_for_replace = false);
+  Node* inline_array_null_guard(Node* ary, Node* val, int nargs);
 
   Node* gen_subtype_check(Node* obj, Node* superklass);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
index 7988a29d2c8..b4b519e4298 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
@@ -2742,7 +2742,7 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_unsafe_flat_access(bool is_store, AccessKind kind) {
     if (layout == LayoutKind::REFERENCE) {
       if (!base_type->is_aryptr()->is_not_flat()) {
         const TypeAryPtr* array_type = base_type->is_aryptr()->cast_to_not_flat();
-        // TODO 8350865 This should be a CheckCastPP, can we add a test?
+        // TODO 8388444 This should be a CheckCastPP, can we add a test?
         Node* new_base = _gvn.transform(new CastPPNode(control(), base, array_type, ConstraintCastNode::DependencyType::NonFloatingNarrowing));
         replace_in_map(base, new_base);
         base = new_base;
@@ -2759,7 +2759,7 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_unsafe_flat_access(bool is_store, AccessKind kind) {
         ptr = basic_plus_adr(base, ConvL2X(offset));
         const TypeAryPtr* ptr_type = _gvn.type(ptr)->is_aryptr();
         if (ptr_type->field_offset().get() != 0) {
-          // TODO 8350865 This should be a CheckCastPP, can we add a test?
+          // TODO 8388444 This should be a CheckCastPP, can we add a test?
           ptr = _gvn.transform(new CastPPNode(control(), ptr, ptr_type->with_field_offset(0), ConstraintCastNode::DependencyType::NonFloatingNarrowing));
         }
       } else {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
index ff96bb0971d..0fb6472762d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
@@ -253,8 +253,14 @@ void Parse::array_store(BasicType bt) {
       // Array might be a flat array, emit runtime checks (for null, a simple inline_array_null_guard is sufficient).
       assert(UseArrayFlattening && !not_flat && elemtype->is_oopptr()->can_be_inline_type() &&
              (!array_type->klass_is_exact() || array_type->is_flat()), "array can't be a flat array");
-      // TODO 8350865 Depending on the available layouts, we can avoid this check in below flat/not-flat branches. Also the safe_for_replace arg is now always true.
-      array = inline_array_null_guard(array, stored_value_casted, 3, true);
+      // If by chance (or using layout disabling flags), only the nullable version is flattenable
+      // we could avoid this test in the else branch thereunder (the "Flat array" block) and do it
+      // only in the "Non-flat array" block.
+      // But it would be useful only if 1. the array is maybe-flat, 2. there is a nullable
+      // flat layout, 3. there is no null-free flat layout. Without flags, if a nullable
+      // array is flattenable, so would be the null-free version. So, this optimization would
+      // only apply with extra (experimental) flags which makes the optimization not worth.
+      array = inline_array_null_guard(array, stored_value_casted, 3);
       // Reload array type which could have been updated by inline_array_null_guard().
       array_type = _gvn.type(array)->is_aryptr();
       IdealKit ideal(this);
@@ -308,7 +314,7 @@ void Parse::array_store(BasicType bt) {
     } else if (!array_type->is_not_null_free()) {
       // Array is not flat but may be null free
       assert(elemtype->is_oopptr()->can_be_inline_type(), "array can't be null-free");
-      array = inline_array_null_guard(array, stored_value_casted, 3, true);
+      array = inline_array_null_guard(array, stored_value_casted, 3);
     }
   }
   inc_sp(3);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
index aef867fc70c..b38ed6d2cbb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
@@ -2813,10 +2813,10 @@ void PhaseIterGVN::add_users_of_use_to_worklist(Node* n, Node* use, Unique_Node_
   BarrierSetC2* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2();
   bool has_load_barrier_nodes = bs->has_load_barrier_nodes();
 
+  // Needed because of PhaseMacroExpand::expand_mh_intrinsic_return
   if (use_op == Op_CastP2X) {
     for (DUIterator_Fast i2max, i2 = use->fast_outs(i2max); i2 < i2max; i2++) {
       Node* u = use->fast_out(i2);
-      // TODO 8350865 Still needed? Yes, I think this is from PhaseMacroExpand::expand_mh_intrinsic_return
       if (u->Opcode() == Op_AndX) {
         worklist.push(u);
       }
@@ -3233,7 +3233,7 @@ void PhaseCCP::push_counted_loop_phi(Unique_Node_List& worklist, Node* parent, c
   }
 }
 
-// TODO 8350865 Still needed? Yes, I think this is from PhaseMacroExpand::expand_mh_intrinsic_return
+// Needed because of PhaseMacroExpand::expand_mh_intrinsic_return
 void PhaseCCP::push_cast(Unique_Node_List& worklist, const Node* use) {
   uint use_op = use->Opcode();
   if (use_op == Op_CastP2X) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/subtypenode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/subtypenode.cpp
index c759b948299..91076d0cef7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/subtypenode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/subtypenode.cpp
@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@ const Type* SubTypeCheckNode::sub(const Type* sub_t, const Type* super_t) const
     }
   }
 
-  // TODO 8350865 Shouldn't this be encoded in helper methods of the type system (maybe_java_subtype_of() etc.?)
   // Similar to logic in CmpPNode::sub()
   bool unrelated_classes = false;
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestBasicFunctionality.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestBasicFunctionality.java
index ebab0a1052b..6519a4191bd 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestBasicFunctionality.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestBasicFunctionality.java
@@ -573,12 +573,11 @@ public void test19_verifier() {
     // correctly allocated.
     @Test
     @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "true"},
-        counts = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "<= 1"}, // 1 MyValue2 allocation (if not the all-zero value)
+        counts = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "<= 1"}, // 1 MyValue2 allocation (if not the all-zero value): MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline -> setV4
         failOn = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS})
-    // TODO 8350865
-    //@IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false"},
-    //    counts = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "<= 2"}, // 1 MyValue1 and 1 MyValue2 allocation (if not the all-zero value)
-    //    failOn = LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS)
+    @IR(applyIf = {"InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs", "false"},
+        counts = {ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, "<= 3"}, // 1 MyValue1 and 2 MyValue2 allocation (if not the all-zero value): same as above + the local v (MyValue1) + MyValue2.DEFAULT for the calls to MyValue2.hashInterpreted()
+        failOn = LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS)
     public long test20(boolean deopt, Method m) {
         MyValue1 v = MyValue1.createWithFieldsInline(rI, rL);
         MyValue2[] va = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 3, MyValue2.DEFAULT);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatInArraysFolding.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatInArraysFolding.java
index d6716ba5f50..2aa7bd6dfa9 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatInArraysFolding.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatInArraysFolding.java
@@ -78,9 +78,8 @@ public class TestFlatInArraysFolding {
     static int iFld;
 
     public static void main(String[] args) {
-        // TODO 8350865 Scenarios are equivalent, FlatArrayElementMaxSize does not exist anymore
-        Scenario flatArrayElementMaxSize1Scenario = new Scenario(1, "-XX:-UseArrayFlattening");
-        Scenario flatArrayElementMaxSize4Scenario = new Scenario(2, "-XX:-UseArrayFlattening");
+        Scenario flatArrayElementMaxOops0Scenario = new Scenario(1, "-XX:FlatArrayElementMaxOops=0");
+        Scenario flatArrayElementMaxOops4Scenario = new Scenario(2, "-XX:FlatArrayElementMaxOops=4");
         Scenario noFlagsScenario = new Scenario(3);
         TestFramework testFramework = new TestFramework();
         testFramework.setDefaultWarmup(0)
@@ -88,8 +87,8 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
                           "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
                           "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
                           "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions")
-                .addScenarios(flatArrayElementMaxSize1Scenario,
-                              flatArrayElementMaxSize4Scenario, noFlagsScenario);
+                .addScenarios(flatArrayElementMaxOops0Scenario,
+                              flatArrayElementMaxOops4Scenario, noFlagsScenario);
 
         if (args.length > 0) {
             // Disable Loop Unrolling for IR matching in testCmpP().
@@ -165,8 +164,7 @@ static void testUnswitchingInterface() {
         }
     }
 
-    // TODO 8350865 FlatArrayElementMaxSize does not exist anymore
-    // PUnique is the unique concrete sub class of AUnique and is not flat in array (with FlatArrayElementMaxSize=4).
+    // PUnique is the unique concrete sub class of AUnique and is not flat in array (with FlatArrayElementMaxOops=0).
     // The CheckCastPP output of the sub type check uses PUnique while the sub type check itself uses AUnique. This leads
     // to a bad graph because the type system determines that the flat in array super klass cannot be met with the
     // not flat in array sub klass. But the sub type check does not fold away because AUnique *could* be flat in array.
@@ -253,10 +251,10 @@ static abstract value class AUnique implements IUnique {
     @LooselyConsistentValue
     static value class PUnique extends AUnique {
         int x;
-        int y;
+        String y;
         PUnique(int x) {
             this.x = x;
-            this.y = 34;
+            this.y = "abc";
         }
 
         public void foo() {}
@@ -282,14 +280,15 @@ public void foo() {}
         public void bar() {}
     }
 
-    // TODO 8350865 FlatArrayElementMaxSize does not exist anymore
-    // Not flat in array with -XX:FlatArrayElementMaxSize=4
+    // Not flat in array with -XX:FlatArrayElementMaxOops=0
     static value class NotFlatInArray extends A implements I {
         int x;
         int y;
+        String z;
         NotFlatInArray(int x) {
             this.x = x;
             this.y = 34;
+            this.z = "abc";
         }
 
         public void foo() {}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java
index 0d91a856e04..b2b81b92ece 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@
 
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOAD;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOAD_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.*;
 
 /*
  * @test
@@ -2086,9 +2085,8 @@ public void test86_verifier() {
 
     // Test correctness of the ValueClass::isAtomicArray intrinsic
     @Test
-    // TODO 8350865 Implemented intrinsic
-    // @IR(failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "jdk.internal.value.ValueClass::isAtomicArray",
-    //               STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "jdk.internal.value.ValueClass::isAtomicArray0"})
+    @IR(failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "jdk.internal.value.ValueClass::isAtomicArray",
+                  STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "jdk.internal.value.ValueClass::isAtomicArray0"})
     public boolean test87(Object[] array) {
         return ValueClass.isAtomicArray(array);
     }
@@ -2104,9 +2102,8 @@ public void test87_verifier() {
 
     // Verify that ValueClass::isAtomicArray checks with statically known classes are folded
     @Test
-    // TODO 8350865 Implemented intrinsic
-    // @IR(failOn = {LOAD_KLASS, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "jdk.internal.value.ValueClass::isAtomicArray",
-    //               STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "jdk.internal.value.ValueClass::isAtomicArray0"})
+    @IR(failOn = {LOAD_KLASS, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "jdk.internal.value.ValueClass::isAtomicArray",
+                  STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "jdk.internal.value.ValueClass::isAtomicArray0"})
     public boolean test88() {
         boolean check1 = ValueClass.isAtomicArray(TEST_ARRAY1);
         if (!TEST_ARRAY1_IS_ATOMIC) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java
index 3e332b5fec3..c049a8548fe 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
 import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
 import test.java.lang.invoke.lib.InstructionHelper;
 
 import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
@@ -53,7 +54,6 @@
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.DYNAMIC_CALL_OF_METHOD;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.FIELD_ACCESS;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOAD;
-import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.STORE;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOAD_P;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOOP;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.MEMBAR;
@@ -4608,11 +4608,11 @@ static value class ValueClassWithInt {
     }
 
     @LooselyConsistentValue
-    static value class ValueClassWithDouble {
-        double d;
+    static value class ValueClassWithFloat {
+        float f;
 
-        ValueClassWithDouble(double d) {
-            this.d = d;
+        ValueClassWithFloat(float f) {
+            this.f = f;
         }
     }
 
@@ -4636,36 +4636,70 @@ static value class SubValueClassWithInt extends AbstractValueClassWithByte {
     }
 
     @LooselyConsistentValue
-    static value class SubValueClassWithDouble extends AbstractValueClassWithByte {
-        double d;
+    static value class SubValueClassWithFloat extends AbstractValueClassWithByte {
+        float f;
 
-        SubValueClassWithDouble(double d) {
-            this.d = d;
-            super((byte)(d + 1));
+        SubValueClassWithFloat(float f) {
+            this.f = f;
+            super((byte)(f + 1));
         }
     }
 
-    // TODO 8350865 We need more copies of these tests for all ValueClass array factories
-    static final ValueClassWithInt[] VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY = (ValueClassWithInt[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueClassWithInt.class, 2, new ValueClassWithInt(0));
-    static final ValueClassWithDouble[] VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY = (ValueClassWithDouble[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueClassWithDouble.class, 2, new ValueClassWithDouble(0));
-    static final SubValueClassWithInt[] SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY = (SubValueClassWithInt[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(SubValueClassWithInt.class, 2, new SubValueClassWithInt(0));
-    static final SubValueClassWithDouble[] SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY = (SubValueClassWithDouble[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(SubValueClassWithDouble.class, 2, new SubValueClassWithDouble(0));
+    static final ValueClassWithInt[] VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC = (ValueClassWithInt[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueClassWithInt.class, 2, new ValueClassWithInt(0));
+    static final ValueClassWithFloat[] VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC = (ValueClassWithFloat[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(ValueClassWithFloat.class, 2, new ValueClassWithFloat(0));
+    static final SubValueClassWithInt[] SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC = (SubValueClassWithInt[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(SubValueClassWithInt.class, 2, new SubValueClassWithInt(0));
+    static final SubValueClassWithFloat[] SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC = (SubValueClassWithFloat[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(SubValueClassWithFloat.class, 2, new SubValueClassWithFloat(0));
+
+    static final ValueClassWithInt[] VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC = (ValueClassWithInt[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueClassWithInt.class, 2, new ValueClassWithInt(0));
+    static final ValueClassWithFloat[] VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC = (ValueClassWithFloat[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(ValueClassWithFloat.class, 2, new ValueClassWithFloat(0));
+    static final SubValueClassWithInt[] SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC = (SubValueClassWithInt[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(SubValueClassWithInt.class, 2, new SubValueClassWithInt(0));
+    static final SubValueClassWithFloat[] SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC = (SubValueClassWithFloat[]) ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(SubValueClassWithFloat.class, 2, new SubValueClassWithFloat(0));
 
+    static final ValueClassWithInt[] VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC = (ValueClassWithInt[]) ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(ValueClassWithInt.class, 2);
+    static final ValueClassWithFloat[] VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC = (ValueClassWithFloat[]) ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(ValueClassWithFloat.class, 2);
+    static final SubValueClassWithInt[] SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC = (SubValueClassWithInt[]) ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(SubValueClassWithInt.class, 2);
+    static final SubValueClassWithFloat[] SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC = (SubValueClassWithFloat[]) ValueClass.newNullableAtomicArray(SubValueClassWithFloat.class, 2);
+
+    static final ValueClassWithInt[] VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_REF = (ValueClassWithInt[]) ValueClass.newReferenceArray(ValueClassWithInt.class, 2);
+    static final ValueClassWithFloat[] VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_REF = (ValueClassWithFloat[]) ValueClass.newReferenceArray(ValueClassWithFloat.class, 2);
+    static final SubValueClassWithInt[] SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_REF = (SubValueClassWithInt[]) ValueClass.newReferenceArray(SubValueClassWithInt.class, 2);
+    static final SubValueClassWithFloat[] SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_REF = (SubValueClassWithFloat[]) ValueClass.newReferenceArray(SubValueClassWithFloat.class, 2);
 
     static {
-        VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY[0] = new ValueClassWithInt(5);
-        VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY[0] = new ValueClassWithDouble(6);
-        SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY[0] = new SubValueClassWithInt(7);
-        SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY[0] = new SubValueClassWithDouble(8);
+        VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC[0] = new ValueClassWithInt(5);
+        VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC[0] = new ValueClassWithFloat(6);
+        SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC[0] = new SubValueClassWithInt(7);
+        SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC[0] = new SubValueClassWithFloat(8);
+
+        VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC[0] = new ValueClassWithInt(5);
+        VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC[0] = new ValueClassWithFloat(6);
+        SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC[0] = new SubValueClassWithInt(7);
+        SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC[0] = new SubValueClassWithFloat(8);
+
+        VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC[0] = new ValueClassWithInt(5);
+        VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC[0] = new ValueClassWithFloat(6);
+        SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC[0] = new SubValueClassWithInt(7);
+        SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC[0] = new SubValueClassWithFloat(8);
+
+        VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_REF[0] = new ValueClassWithInt(5);
+        VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_REF[0] = new ValueClassWithFloat(6);
+        SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_REF[0] = new SubValueClassWithInt(7);
+        SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_REF[0] = new SubValueClassWithFloat(8);
+    }
+
+    // Make sure the WhiteBox API is only loaded in the Test VM such that we can run this test in driver mode
+    static class Flags {
+        private static final WhiteBox WHITEBOX = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+        private static final boolean UseArrayFlattening = WHITEBOX.getBooleanVMFlag("UseArrayFlattening");
     }
 
     @Test
-    static void testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore(Object o, boolean flag) {
+    static void testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore_NullRestricted_NonAtomic(Object o, boolean flag) {
         Object[] oArr;
         if (flag) {
-            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY is statically known to be flat.
+            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC is statically known to be flat.
         } else {
-            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY is statically known to be flat.
+            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC is statically known to be flat.
         }
         // The type of 'oArr' is inexact here because we merge two arrays. Since both arrays are flat, 'oArr' is also flat:
         //     Type: flat:narrowoop: java/lang/Object:NotNull * (flat in array)[int:2]
@@ -4675,12 +4709,12 @@ static void testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore(Object o, boolean flag) {
     }
 
     @Test
-    static Object testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad(boolean flag) {
+    static Object testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad_NullRestricted_NonAtomic(boolean flag) {
         Object[] oArr;
         if (flag) {
-            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY is statically known to be flat.
+            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC is statically known to be flat.
         } else {
-            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY is statically known to be flat.
+            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC is statically known to be flat.
         }
         // The type of 'oArr' is inexact here because we merge two arrays. Since both arrays are flat, 'oArr' is also flat:
         //     Type: flat:narrowoop: java/lang/Object:NotNull * (flat in array)[int:2]
@@ -4690,59 +4724,326 @@ static Object testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad(boolean flag) {
     }
 
     @Test
-    static void testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore(AbstractValueClassWithByte abstractValueClassWithByte,
+    static void testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore_NullRestricted_NonAtomic(AbstractValueClassWithByte abstractValueClassWithByte,
                                                             boolean flag) {
         AbstractValueClassWithByte[] avArr;
         if (flag) {
-            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY;
+            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC;
         } else {
-            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY;
+            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC;
         }
-        // Same as testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore() but the inexact type is with an abstract value class:
+        // Same as testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore_NullRestricted_NonAtomic() but the inexact type is with an abstract value class:
         //    flat:narrowoop: compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld$AbstractValueClassWithByte:NotNull * (flat in array)[int:2]
         avArr[0] = abstractValueClassWithByte;
     }
 
     @Test
-    static AbstractValueClassWithByte testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad(boolean flag) {
+    static AbstractValueClassWithByte testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad_NullRestricted_NonAtomic(boolean flag) {
         AbstractValueClassWithByte[] avArr;
         if (flag) {
-            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY;
+            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC;
         } else {
-            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY;
+            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC;
         }
-        // Same as testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad() but the inexact type is with an abstract value class:
+        // Same as testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad_NullRestricted_NonAtomic() but the inexact type is with an abstract value class:
         //    flat:narrowoop: compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld$AbstractValueClassWithByte:NotNull * (flat in array)[int:2]
         return avArr[0];
     }
 
-    @Run(test = {"testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore",
-                 "testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad",
-                 "testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore",
-                 "testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad"})
-    static void runFlatArrayInexactLoadAndStore() {
-        boolean flag = true;
+    @Run(test = {"testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore_NullRestricted_NonAtomic",
+                 "testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad_NullRestricted_NonAtomic",
+                 "testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore_NullRestricted_NonAtomic",
+                 "testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad_NullRestricted_NonAtomic"})
+    static void runFlatArrayInexactLoadAndStore_NullRestricted_NonAtomic() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(Flags.UseArrayFlattening, ValueClass.isFlatArray(VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(Flags.UseArrayFlattening, ValueClass.isFlatArray(VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(Flags.UseArrayFlattening, ValueClass.isFlatArray(SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(Flags.UseArrayFlattening, ValueClass.isFlatArray(SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC));
+
+        ValueClassWithInt valueClassWithInt = new ValueClassWithInt(15);
+        ValueClassWithFloat ValueClassWithFloat = new ValueClassWithFloat(16);
+
+        testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore_NullRestricted_NonAtomic(valueClassWithInt, true);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(valueClassWithInt, VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC[0]);
+        testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore_NullRestricted_NonAtomic(ValueClassWithFloat, false);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(ValueClassWithFloat, VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC[0]);
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(valueClassWithInt, testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad_NullRestricted_NonAtomic(true));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(ValueClassWithFloat, testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad_NullRestricted_NonAtomic(false));
+
+        SubValueClassWithInt subValueClassWithInt = new SubValueClassWithInt(17);
+        SubValueClassWithFloat subValueClassWithFloat = new SubValueClassWithFloat(18);
+
+        testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore_NullRestricted_NonAtomic(subValueClassWithInt, true);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithInt, SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC[0]);
+        testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore_NullRestricted_NonAtomic(subValueClassWithFloat, false);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithFloat, SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_NON_ATOMIC[0]);
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithInt, testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad_NullRestricted_NonAtomic(true));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithFloat, testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad_NullRestricted_NonAtomic(false));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static void testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore_NullRestricted_Atomic(Object o, boolean flag) {
+        Object[] oArr;
+        if (flag) {
+            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC is statically known to be flat.
+        } else {
+            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC is statically known to be flat.
+        }
+        // The type of 'oArr' is inexact here because we merge two arrays. Since both arrays are flat, 'oArr' is also flat:
+        //     Type: flat:narrowoop: java/lang/Object:NotNull * (flat in array)[int:2]
+        // Since the type is inexact, we do not know the exact flat array layout statically and thus need to fall back
+        // to call "store_unknown_inline_Type()" at runtime where we know the flat array layout
+        oArr[0] = o;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static Object testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad_NullRestricted_Atomic(boolean flag) {
+        Object[] oArr;
+        if (flag) {
+            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY is statically known to be flat.
+        } else {
+            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY is statically known to be flat.
+        }
+        // The type of 'oArr' is inexact here because we merge two arrays. Since both arrays are flat, 'oArr' is also flat:
+        //     Type: flat:narrowoop: java/lang/Object:NotNull * (flat in array)[int:2]
+        // Since the type is inexact, we do not know the exact flat array layout statically and thus need to fall back
+        // to call "load_unknown_inline_Type()" at runtime where we know the flat array layout
+        return oArr[0];
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static void testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore_NullRestricted_Atomic(AbstractValueClassWithByte abstractValueClassWithByte, boolean flag) {
+        AbstractValueClassWithByte[] avArr;
+        if (flag) {
+            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC;
+        } else {
+            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC;
+        }
+        // Same as testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore_NullRestricted_Atomic() but the inexact type is with an abstract value class:
+        //    flat:narrowoop: compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld$AbstractValueClassWithByte:NotNull * (flat in array)[int:2]
+        avArr[0] = abstractValueClassWithByte;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static AbstractValueClassWithByte testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad_NullRestricted_Atomic(boolean flag) {
+        AbstractValueClassWithByte[] avArr;
+        if (flag) {
+            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC;
+        } else {
+            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC;
+        }
+        // Same as testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad_NullRestricted_Atomic() but the inexact type is with an abstract value class:
+        //    flat:narrowoop: compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld$AbstractValueClassWithByte:NotNull * (flat in array)[int:2]
+        return avArr[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore_NullRestricted_Atomic",
+                 "testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad_NullRestricted_Atomic",
+                 "testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore_NullRestricted_Atomic",
+                 "testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad_NullRestricted_Atomic"})
+    static void runFlatArrayInexactLoadAndStore_NullRestricted_Atomic() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(Flags.UseArrayFlattening, ValueClass.isFlatArray(VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(Flags.UseArrayFlattening, ValueClass.isFlatArray(VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(Flags.UseArrayFlattening, ValueClass.isFlatArray(SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(Flags.UseArrayFlattening, ValueClass.isFlatArray(SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC));
+
+        ValueClassWithInt valueClassWithInt = new ValueClassWithInt(15);
+        ValueClassWithFloat ValueClassWithFloat = new ValueClassWithFloat(16);
+
+        testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore_NullRestricted_Atomic(valueClassWithInt, true);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(valueClassWithInt, VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC[0]);
+        testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore_NullRestricted_Atomic(ValueClassWithFloat, false);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(ValueClassWithFloat, VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC[0]);
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(valueClassWithInt, testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad_NullRestricted_Atomic(true));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(ValueClassWithFloat, testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad_NullRestricted_Atomic(false));
+
+        SubValueClassWithInt subValueClassWithInt = new SubValueClassWithInt(17);
+        SubValueClassWithFloat subValueClassWithFloat = new SubValueClassWithFloat(18);
+
+        testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore_NullRestricted_Atomic(subValueClassWithInt, true);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithInt, SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC[0]);
+        testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore_NullRestricted_Atomic(subValueClassWithFloat, false);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithFloat, SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULL_RESTRICTED_ATOMIC[0]);
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithInt, testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad_NullRestricted_Atomic(true));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithFloat, testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad_NullRestricted_Atomic(false));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static void testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore_Nullable_Atomic(Object o, boolean flag) {
+        Object[] oArr;
+        if (flag) {
+            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC is statically known to be flat.
+        } else {
+            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC is statically known to be flat.
+        }
+        // The type of 'oArr' is inexact here because we merge two arrays. Since both arrays are flat, 'oArr' is also flat:
+        //     Type: flat:narrowoop: java/lang/Object * (flat in array)[int:2]
+        // Since the type is inexact, we do not know the exact flat array layout statically and thus need to fall back
+        // to call "store_unknown_inline_Type()" at runtime where we know the flat array layout
+        oArr[0] = o;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static Object testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad_Nullable_Atomic(boolean flag) {
+        Object[] oArr;
+        if (flag) {
+            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC is statically known to be flat.
+        } else {
+            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC is statically known to be flat.
+        }
+        // The type of 'oArr' is inexact here because we merge two arrays. Since both arrays are flat, 'oArr' is also flat:
+        //     Type: flat:narrowoop: java/lang/Object * (flat in array)[int:2]
+        // Since the type is inexact, we do not know the exact flat array layout statically and thus need to fall back
+        // to call "load_unknown_inline_Type()" at runtime where we know the flat array layout
+        return oArr[0];
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static void testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore_Nullable_Atomic(AbstractValueClassWithByte abstractValueClassWithByte, boolean flag) {
+        AbstractValueClassWithByte[] avArr;
+        if (flag) {
+            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC;
+        } else {
+            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC;
+        }
+        // Same as testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore_Nullable_Atomic() but the inexact type is with an abstract value class:
+        //    flat:narrowoop: compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld$AbstractValueClassWithByte * (flat in array)[int:2]
+        avArr[0] = abstractValueClassWithByte;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static AbstractValueClassWithByte testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad_Nullable_Atomic(boolean flag) {
+        AbstractValueClassWithByte[] avArr;
+        if (flag) {
+            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC;
+        } else {
+            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC;
+        }
+        // Same as testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad_Nullable_Atomic() but the inexact type is with an abstract value class:
+        //    flat:narrowoop: compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld$AbstractValueClassWithByte * (flat in array)[int:2]
+        return avArr[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore_Nullable_Atomic",
+                 "testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad_Nullable_Atomic",
+                 "testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore_Nullable_Atomic",
+                 "testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad_Nullable_Atomic"})
+    static void runFlatArrayInexactLoadAndStore_Nullable_Atomic() {
+        Asserts.assertEQ(Flags.UseArrayFlattening, ValueClass.isFlatArray(VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(Flags.UseArrayFlattening, ValueClass.isFlatArray(VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(Flags.UseArrayFlattening, ValueClass.isFlatArray(SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(Flags.UseArrayFlattening, ValueClass.isFlatArray(SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC));
+
+        ValueClassWithInt valueClassWithInt = new ValueClassWithInt(15);
+        ValueClassWithFloat ValueClassWithFloat = new ValueClassWithFloat(16);
+
+        testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore_Nullable_Atomic(valueClassWithInt, true);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(valueClassWithInt, VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC[0]);
+        testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore_Nullable_Atomic(ValueClassWithFloat, false);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(ValueClassWithFloat, VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC[0]);
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(valueClassWithInt, testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad_Nullable_Atomic(true));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(ValueClassWithFloat, testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad_Nullable_Atomic(false));
+
+        SubValueClassWithInt subValueClassWithInt = new SubValueClassWithInt(17);
+        SubValueClassWithFloat subValueClassWithFloat = new SubValueClassWithFloat(18);
+
+        testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore_Nullable_Atomic(subValueClassWithInt, true);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithInt, SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC[0]);
+        testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore_Nullable_Atomic(subValueClassWithFloat, false);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithFloat, SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_NULLABLE_ATOMIC[0]);
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithInt, testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad_Nullable_Atomic(true));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithFloat, testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad_Nullable_Atomic(false));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static void testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore_Ref(Object o, boolean flag) {
+        Object[] oArr;
+        if (flag) {
+            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_REF; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_REF is statically known not to be flat.
+        } else {
+            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_REF; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_REF is statically known not to be flat.
+        }
+        // In the similar cases above, the layout is unknown despite the array being known to be flat.
+        // Here, we have a reference array, so it is not a concern, but let's do it anyway, to cover all cases.
+        oArr[0] = o;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static Object testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad_Ref(boolean flag) {
+        Object[] oArr;
+        if (flag) {
+            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_REF; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_REF is statically known not to be flat.
+        } else {
+            oArr = VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_REF; // VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_REF is statically known not to be flat.
+        }
+        // In the similar cases above, the layout is unknown despite the array being known to be flat.
+        // Here, we have a reference array, so it is not a concern, but let's do it anyway, to cover all cases.
+        return oArr[0];
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static void testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore_Ref(AbstractValueClassWithByte abstractValueClassWithByte, boolean flag) {
+        AbstractValueClassWithByte[] avArr;
+        if (flag) {
+            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_REF;
+        } else {
+            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_REF;
+        }
+        // Same as testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore_Ref() but the inexact type is with an abstract value class:
+        //    narrowoop: compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld$AbstractValueClassWithByte * [int:2]
+        avArr[0] = abstractValueClassWithByte;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    static AbstractValueClassWithByte testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad_Ref(boolean flag) {
+        AbstractValueClassWithByte[] avArr;
+        if (flag) {
+            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_REF;
+        } else {
+            avArr = SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_REF;
+        }
+        // Same as testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad_Ref() but the inexact type is with an abstract value class:
+        //    narrowoop: compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld$AbstractValueClassWithByte * [int:2]
+        return avArr[0];
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore_Ref",
+                 "testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad_Ref",
+                 "testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore_Ref",
+                 "testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad_Ref"})
+    static void runFlatArrayInexactLoadAndStore_Ref() {
+        Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isFlatArray(VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_REF));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isFlatArray(VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_REF));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isFlatArray(SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_REF));
+        Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isFlatArray(SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_REF));
+
         ValueClassWithInt valueClassWithInt = new ValueClassWithInt(15);
-        ValueClassWithDouble valueClassWithDouble = new ValueClassWithDouble(16);
+        ValueClassWithFloat ValueClassWithFloat = new ValueClassWithFloat(16);
 
-        testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore(valueClassWithInt, true);
-        Asserts.assertEQ(valueClassWithInt, VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY[0]);
-        testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore(valueClassWithDouble, false);
-        Asserts.assertEQ(valueClassWithDouble, VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY[0]);
+        testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore_Ref(valueClassWithInt, true);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(valueClassWithInt, VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_REF[0]);
+        testFlatArrayInexactObjectStore_Ref(ValueClassWithFloat, false);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(ValueClassWithFloat, VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_REF[0]);
 
-        Asserts.assertEQ(valueClassWithInt, testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad(true));
-        Asserts.assertEQ(valueClassWithDouble, testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad(false));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(valueClassWithInt, testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad_Ref(true));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(ValueClassWithFloat, testFlatArrayInexactObjectLoad_Ref(false));
 
         SubValueClassWithInt subValueClassWithInt = new SubValueClassWithInt(17);
-        SubValueClassWithDouble subValueClassWithDouble = new SubValueClassWithDouble(18);
+        SubValueClassWithFloat subValueClassWithFloat = new SubValueClassWithFloat(18);
 
-        testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore(subValueClassWithInt, true);
-        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithInt, SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY[0]);
-        testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore(subValueClassWithDouble, false);
-        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithDouble, SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_DOUBLE_ARRAY[0]);
+        testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore_Ref(subValueClassWithInt, true);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithInt, SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_INT_ARRAY_REF[0]);
+        testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassStore_Ref(subValueClassWithFloat, false);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithFloat, SUB_VALUE_CLASS_WITH_FLOAT_ARRAY_REF[0]);
 
-        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithInt, testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad(true));
-        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithDouble, testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad(false));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithInt, testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad_Ref(true));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(subValueClassWithFloat, testFlatArrayInexactAbstractValueClassLoad_Ref(false));
     }
 
     // Check that comparisons between Java mirrors are optimized to comparisons of the klass

From f602bd425de576b3c3ac437d88b119f84055e62d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 6 Aug 2026 07:24:43 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 464/707] 8389357: Avoid local initialized unused variables in
 jdk.accessibility

Reviewed-by: prr, azvegint, clanger
---
 .../windows/native/jabswitch/jabswitch.cpp                 | 4 ----
 .../native/libjavaaccessbridge/AccessBridgeATInstance.cpp  | 7 +++----
 .../native/libjavaaccessbridge/JavaAccessBridge.cpp        | 5 ++---
 3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.accessibility/windows/native/jabswitch/jabswitch.cpp b/src/jdk.accessibility/windows/native/jabswitch/jabswitch.cpp
index 7e4f63d2363..f47e86ad9e7 100644
--- a/src/jdk.accessibility/windows/native/jabswitch/jabswitch.cpp
+++ b/src/jdk.accessibility/windows/native/jabswitch/jabswitch.cpp
@@ -306,7 +306,6 @@ void printVersion() {
 
 int regEnable() {
     HKEY hKey;
-    DWORD retval = -1;
     LSTATUS err;
     err = RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_CURRENT_USER, ACCESSIBILITY_USER_KEY, NULL, KEY_READ|KEY_WRITE, &hKey);
     if (err == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
@@ -314,7 +313,6 @@ int regEnable() {
         DWORD dataLength = DEFAULT_ALLOC;
         TCHAR dataBuffer[DEFAULT_ALLOC];
         TCHAR *data = dataBuffer;
-        bool freeData = false;
         err = RegQueryValueEx(hKey, ACCESSIBILITY_CONFIG, 0, &dataType, (BYTE *)data, &dataLength);
         if (err == ERROR_MORE_DATA) {
             if (dataLength > 0 && dataLength < MAX_ALLOC) {
@@ -347,7 +345,6 @@ int regEnable() {
 int regDeleteValue(HKEY hFamilyKey, LPCWSTR lpSubKey)
 {
     HKEY hKey;
-    DWORD retval = -1;
     LSTATUS err;
     err = RegOpenKeyEx(hFamilyKey, lpSubKey, NULL, KEY_READ|KEY_WRITE|KEY_WOW64_64KEY, &hKey);
     if (err != ERROR_SUCCESS)
@@ -359,7 +356,6 @@ int regDeleteValue(HKEY hFamilyKey, LPCWSTR lpSubKey)
         TCHAR dataBuffer[DEFAULT_ALLOC];
         TCHAR searchBuffer[DEFAULT_ALLOC];
         TCHAR *data = dataBuffer;
-        bool freeData = false;
         err = RegQueryValueEx(hKey, ACCESSIBILITY_CONFIG, 0, &dataType, (BYTE *)data, &dataLength);
         if (err == ERROR_MORE_DATA) {
             if (dataLength > 0 && dataLength < MAX_ALLOC) {
diff --git a/src/jdk.accessibility/windows/native/libjavaaccessbridge/AccessBridgeATInstance.cpp b/src/jdk.accessibility/windows/native/libjavaaccessbridge/AccessBridgeATInstance.cpp
index 64dd32f7261..f49b94317dd 100644
--- a/src/jdk.accessibility/windows/native/libjavaaccessbridge/AccessBridgeATInstance.cpp
+++ b/src/jdk.accessibility/windows/native/libjavaaccessbridge/AccessBridgeATInstance.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -158,7 +158,6 @@ DWORD JavaBridgeThreadId = 0;
 static THREAD_PROC JavaBridgeThread(LPVOID param1)
 {
     MSG msg;
-    DWORD rc = 0;
     while (GetMessage(&msg,        // message structure
                       NULL,                  // handle of window receiving the message
                       0,                  // lowest message to examine
@@ -172,8 +171,8 @@ static THREAD_PROC JavaBridgeThread(LPVOID param1)
                     toCopy.cbData = event_struct->bufsize;
                     toCopy.lpData = event_struct->buffer;
 
-                    LRESULT ret = SendMessage((HWND)ABLongToHandle(event_struct->winAccessBridgeWindow), WM_COPYDATA,
-                                              (WPARAM)event_struct->ourAccessBridgeWindow, (LPARAM) &toCopy);
+                    SendMessage((HWND)ABLongToHandle(event_struct->winAccessBridgeWindow), WM_COPYDATA,
+                                (WPARAM)event_struct->ourAccessBridgeWindow, (LPARAM) &toCopy);
                     delete event_struct->buffer;
                     delete event_struct;
                 }
diff --git a/src/jdk.accessibility/windows/native/libjavaaccessbridge/JavaAccessBridge.cpp b/src/jdk.accessibility/windows/native/libjavaaccessbridge/JavaAccessBridge.cpp
index 6bb0f3600d9..ec8230f254e 100644
--- a/src/jdk.accessibility/windows/native/libjavaaccessbridge/JavaAccessBridge.cpp
+++ b/src/jdk.accessibility/windows/native/libjavaaccessbridge/JavaAccessBridge.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ extern "C" {
                 PrintDebugString("[INFO]: In AccessBridgeDialog - Got AB_MESSAGE_WAITING from ourselves");
             } else {
                 PrintDebugString("[INFO]: In AccessBridgeDialog - Got AB_MESSAGE_WAITING from HWND %p", wParam);
-                LRESULT returnVal = theJavaAccessBridge->receiveMemoryPackage((HWND) wParam, (long) lParam);
+                theJavaAccessBridge->receiveMemoryPackage((HWND) wParam, (long) lParam);
             }
             break;
 
@@ -2716,7 +2716,6 @@ extern "C" {        // event stuff from AccessBridge.h, generated by JNI
 
     JAWT awt;
     jboolean result;
-    jobject component = (jobject)0;
 
     // Get the AWT
     awt.version = JAWT_VERSION_1_4;

From eabfcf47f63542efcca4cfe7375345b09b257589 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Suchismith Roy <sroy@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 6 Aug 2026 09:38:47 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 465/707] 8389765: Remove unused rtmp2 temp register from
 long_to_maskLE8_avx

Reviewed-by: sviswanathan, chagedorn, amitkumar
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad | 8 ++++----
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
index b7e0c85030c..11505c8c6df 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
@@ -24721,16 +24721,16 @@ instruct mask_not_imm(kReg dst, kReg src, immI_M1 cnt) %{
   ins_pipe( pipe_slow );
 %}
 
-instruct long_to_maskLE8_avx(vec dst, rRegL src, rRegL rtmp1, rRegL rtmp2) %{
+instruct long_to_maskLE8_avx(vec dst, rRegL src, rRegL rtmp1) %{
   predicate(n->bottom_type()->isa_pvectmask() == nullptr && Matcher::vector_length(n) <= 8);
   match(Set dst (VectorLongToMask src));
-  effect(TEMP dst, TEMP rtmp1, TEMP rtmp2);
-  format %{ "long_to_mask_avx $dst, $src\t! using $rtmp1, $rtmp2" %}
+  effect(TEMP dst, TEMP rtmp1);
+  format %{ "long_to_mask_avx $dst, $src\t! using $rtmp1" %}
   ins_encode %{
     int mask_len = Matcher::vector_length(this);
     int vec_enc  = vector_length_encoding(mask_len);
     __ vector_long_to_maskvec($dst$$XMMRegister, $src$$Register, $rtmp1$$Register,
-                              $rtmp2$$Register, xnoreg, mask_len, vec_enc);
+                              noreg, xnoreg, mask_len, vec_enc);
   %}
   ins_pipe( pipe_slow );
 %}

From ab2dbf2a681c49e8564c73c619629c46dc600792 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alan Bateman <alanb@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 6 Aug 2026 12:05:18 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 466/707] 8389112: (fs) BasicFileAttributes::isDirectory
 returns false for directory in OneDrive over SMB (win)

Reviewed-by: jpai
---
 .../classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsConstants.java  |  3 ++
 .../sun/nio/fs/WindowsFileAttributes.java     | 48 +++++++++++++------
 2 files changed, 36 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsConstants.java b/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsConstants.java
index d8056f6f2fb..2c91bb01773 100644
--- a/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsConstants.java
+++ b/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsConstants.java
@@ -75,6 +75,9 @@ private WindowsConstants() { }
     public static final int IO_REPARSE_TAG_AF_UNIX              = 0x80000023;
     public static final int IO_REPARSE_TAG_MOUNT_POINT          = 0xA0000003;
     public static final int IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK              = 0xA000000C;
+    public static final int IO_REPARSE_TAG_DEDUP                = 0x80000013;
+    public static final int IO_REPARSE_TAG_CLOUD                = 0x9000001A;
+    public static final int IO_REPARSE_TAG_CLOUD_MASK           = 0x0000F000;
     public static final int MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE    = 16 * 1024;
     public static final int SYMBOLIC_LINK_FLAG_DIRECTORY        = 0x1;
     public static final int SYMBOLIC_LINK_FLAG_ALLOW_UNPRIVILEGED_CREATE = 0x2;
diff --git a/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsFileAttributes.java b/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsFileAttributes.java
index 31ea68645ef..0b938bde54c 100644
--- a/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsFileAttributes.java
+++ b/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsFileAttributes.java
@@ -487,39 +487,57 @@ boolean isReparsePoint() {
     }
 
     boolean isDirectoryLink() {
-        return isSymbolicLink() && ((fileAttrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) != 0);
+        return ((fileAttrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) != 0)
+                && isReparsePoint()
+                && (reparseTag == IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK);
     }
 
     boolean isDirectoryJunction() {
-        return reparseTag == IO_REPARSE_TAG_MOUNT_POINT;
+        return ((fileAttrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) != 0)
+                && isReparsePoint()
+                && (reparseTag == IO_REPARSE_TAG_MOUNT_POINT);
     }
 
-    @Override
-    public boolean isSymbolicLink() {
-        return reparseTag == IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK;
+    boolean isUnixDomainSocket() {
+        return isReparsePoint() && (reparseTag == IO_REPARSE_TAG_AF_UNIX);
     }
 
-    boolean isUnixDomainSocket() {
-        return reparseTag == IO_REPARSE_TAG_AF_UNIX;
+    @Override
+    public boolean isSymbolicLink() {
+        return isReparsePoint() && (reparseTag == IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK);
     }
 
     @Override
     public boolean isDirectory() {
-        return ((fileAttrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) != 0 &&
-                (fileAttrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) == 0);
+        return ((fileAttrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) != 0)
+                && !isSymbolicLink()
+                && !isDirectoryJunction();
     }
 
     @Override
-    public boolean isOther() {
-        if (isSymbolicLink())
+    public boolean isRegularFile() {
+        if ((fileAttrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) != 0)
+            return false;
+        if ((fileAttrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE) != 0)
             return false;
-        // return true if device or reparse point
-        return ((fileAttrs & (FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE | FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT)) != 0);
+        if (!isReparsePoint())
+            return true;
+
+        // deduplicated file
+        if (reparseTag == IO_REPARSE_TAG_DEDUP)
+            return true;
+
+        // file in cloud storage (Microsoft defines a range of tags for this)
+        if ((reparseTag & ~IO_REPARSE_TAG_CLOUD_MASK) == IO_REPARSE_TAG_CLOUD)
+            return true;
+
+        // socket file or other non-directory reparse point
+        return false;
     }
 
     @Override
-    public boolean isRegularFile() {
-        return !isSymbolicLink() && !isDirectory() && !isOther();
+    public boolean isOther() {
+        return !isRegularFile() && !isDirectory() && !isSymbolicLink();
     }
 
     @Override

From c61f5b7ad8f6f9a00bf0161e4c2c6e6e5c6b3463 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Guoxiong Li <gli@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 6 Aug 2026 13:40:03 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 467/707] 8389581: RISC-V: building fails with clang toolchain

Reviewed-by: fyang, dzhang
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad | 12 ++++++------
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
index 3bb4094a816..43590e89c52 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
@@ -7520,7 +7520,7 @@ instruct maxF_reg_reg(fRegF dst, fRegF src1, fRegF src2, rFlagsReg cr) %{
   ins_encode %{
     __ minmax_fp(as_FloatRegister($dst$$reg),
                  as_FloatRegister($src1$$reg), as_FloatRegister($src2$$reg),
-                 __ FLOAT_TYPE::single_precision, false /* is_min */);
+                 C2_MacroAssembler::FLOAT_TYPE::single_precision, false /* is_min */);
   %}
 
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
@@ -7551,7 +7551,7 @@ instruct minF_reg_reg(fRegF dst, fRegF src1, fRegF src2, rFlagsReg cr) %{
   ins_encode %{
     __ minmax_fp(as_FloatRegister($dst$$reg),
                  as_FloatRegister($src1$$reg), as_FloatRegister($src2$$reg),
-                 __ FLOAT_TYPE::single_precision, true /* is_min */);
+                 C2_MacroAssembler::FLOAT_TYPE::single_precision, true /* is_min */);
   %}
 
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
@@ -7582,7 +7582,7 @@ instruct maxD_reg_reg(fRegD dst, fRegD src1, fRegD src2, rFlagsReg cr) %{
   ins_encode %{
     __ minmax_fp(as_FloatRegister($dst$$reg),
                  as_FloatRegister($src1$$reg), as_FloatRegister($src2$$reg),
-                 __ FLOAT_TYPE::double_precision, false /* is_min */);
+                 C2_MacroAssembler::FLOAT_TYPE::double_precision, false /* is_min */);
   %}
 
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
@@ -7613,7 +7613,7 @@ instruct minD_reg_reg(fRegD dst, fRegD src1, fRegD src2, rFlagsReg cr) %{
   ins_encode %{
     __ minmax_fp(as_FloatRegister($dst$$reg),
                  as_FloatRegister($src1$$reg), as_FloatRegister($src2$$reg),
-                 __ FLOAT_TYPE::double_precision, true /* is_min */);
+                 C2_MacroAssembler::FLOAT_TYPE::double_precision, true /* is_min */);
   %}
 
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
@@ -8695,7 +8695,7 @@ instruct min_HF_reg(fRegF dst, fRegF src1, fRegF src2, rFlagsReg cr)
 
   ins_encode %{
     __ minmax_fp($dst$$FloatRegister, $src1$$FloatRegister, $src2$$FloatRegister,
-                 __ FLOAT_TYPE::half_precision, true /* is_min */);
+                 C2_MacroAssembler::FLOAT_TYPE::half_precision, true /* is_min */);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}
@@ -8725,7 +8725,7 @@ instruct max_HF_reg(fRegF dst, fRegF src1, fRegF src2, rFlagsReg cr)
 
   ins_encode %{
     __ minmax_fp($dst$$FloatRegister, $src1$$FloatRegister, $src2$$FloatRegister,
-                 __ FLOAT_TYPE::half_precision, false /* is_min */);
+                 C2_MacroAssembler::FLOAT_TYPE::half_precision, false /* is_min */);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_default);
 %}

From fd788394fec88cc163a687e5cb4f371425ac8011 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Daniel D. Daugherty" <dcubed@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 6 Aug 2026 17:56:58 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 468/707] 8389903: ProblemList
 javax/swing/JMenu/PopupReferenceMemoryLeak.java on windows-x64

Reviewed-by: azvegint
---
 test/jdk/ProblemList.txt | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt b/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
index 59d58a664dd..75408f56bd1 100644
--- a/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
@@ -552,6 +552,7 @@ javax/swing/JEditorPane/6917744/bug6917744.java 8213124 macosx-all
 javax/swing/JFrame/8175301/ScaledFrameBackgroundTest.java 8274106 macosx-aarch64
 
 javax/swing/JColorChooser/Test6827032.java 8224968 windows-x64
+javax/swing/JMenu/PopupReferenceMemoryLeak.java 8370510 windows-x64
 
 sanity/client/SwingSet/src/ToolTipDemoTest.java 8293001 linux-all
 sanity/client/SwingSet/src/ButtonDemoScreenshotTest.java 8265770 macosx-all

From 99b1e471e7c1a06ccb050e69fabe43e6df90b9eb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Shiv Shah <shiv.shah@oracle.com>
Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 01:22:26 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 469/707] 8346476: Thread/TestAlwaysPreTouchStacks fails when
 run with specific JVM options

Reviewed-by: dholmes, lmesnik
---
 .../jtreg/runtime/Thread/TestAlwaysPreTouchStacks.java    | 8 ++++----
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/Thread/TestAlwaysPreTouchStacks.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/Thread/TestAlwaysPreTouchStacks.java
index 29be9cdb98f..a3a6b602e42 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/Thread/TestAlwaysPreTouchStacks.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/Thread/TestAlwaysPreTouchStacks.java
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2022 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -86,9 +86,9 @@ private static long runPreTouchTest(boolean preTouch) throws Exception {
               "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
               "-Xmx100M",
               "-XX:NativeMemoryTracking=summary", "-XX:+PrintNMTStatistics");
-      if (preTouch){
-          vmArgs.add("-XX:+AlwaysPreTouchStacks");
-      }
+      // Set the tested flag explicitly for both children, so it can't be affected
+      // by externally supplied VM options.
+      vmArgs.add(preTouch ? "-XX:+AlwaysPreTouchStacks" : "-XX:-AlwaysPreTouchStacks");
       if (System.getProperty("os.name").contains("Linux")) {
           vmArgs.add("-XX:-UseMadvPopulateWrite");
       }

From 198f1aa2575c2a276c20fce58b78eaa138505687 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jatin Bhateja <jbhateja@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 01:56:26 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 470/707] 8382523: Optimize Float16 to integral conversion
 operations for AVX512-FP16 targets

Reviewed-by: sviswanathan, missa
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/assembler_x86.cpp         |  32 +++
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/assembler_x86.hpp         |   9 +
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp | 173 +++++++-----
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.hpp |  31 ++-
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubDeclarations_x86.hpp  |   4 +
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64.cpp  |  97 +++++++
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64.hpp  |   2 +
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp        |   6 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad                    |  48 ++++
 .../compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java     |  15 +
 .../vectorapi/TestFloat16ToIntegralConv.java  | 262 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../Float16ToIntegralConvBenchmark.java       | 121 ++++++++
 12 files changed, 717 insertions(+), 83 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestFloat16ToIntegralConv.java
 create mode 100644 test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16ToIntegralConvBenchmark.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/assembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/assembler_x86.cpp
index 14ffdb70f3d..ea702d239a5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/assembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/assembler_x86.cpp
@@ -2225,6 +2225,22 @@ void Assembler::cvttss2sil(Register dst, XMMRegister src) {
   emit_int16(0x2C, (0xC0 | encode));
 }
 
+void Assembler::evcvttsh2sil(Register dst, XMMRegister src) {
+  assert(VM_Version::supports_avx512_fp16(), "");
+  InstructionAttr attributes(AVX_128bit, /* vex_w */ false, /* legacy_mode */ false, /* no_mask_reg */ true, /* uses_vl */ false);
+  attributes.set_is_evex_instruction();
+  int encode = vex_prefix_and_encode(dst->encoding(), 0, src->encoding(), VEX_SIMD_F3, VEX_OPCODE_MAP5, &attributes);
+  emit_int16(0x2C, (0xC0 | encode));
+}
+
+void Assembler::evcvttsh2siq(Register dst, XMMRegister src) {
+  assert(VM_Version::supports_avx512_fp16(), "");
+  InstructionAttr attributes(AVX_128bit, /* vex_w */ true, /* legacy_mode */ false, /* no_mask_reg */ true, /* uses_vl */ false);
+  attributes.set_is_evex_instruction();
+  int encode = vex_prefix_and_encode(dst->encoding(), 0, src->encoding(), VEX_SIMD_F3, VEX_OPCODE_MAP5, &attributes);
+  emit_int16(0x2C, (0xC0 | encode));
+}
+
 void Assembler::evcvttss2sisl(Register dst, XMMRegister src) {
   assert(VM_Version::supports_avx10_2(), "");
   InstructionAttr attributes(AVX_128bit, /* vex_w */ false, /* legacy_mode */ false, /* no_mask_reg */ true, /* uses_vl */ false);
@@ -2348,6 +2364,22 @@ void Assembler::vcvttps2dq(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, int vector_len) {
   emit_int16(0x5B, (0xC0 | encode));
 }
 
+void Assembler::evcvttph2dq(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, int vector_len) {
+  assert(VM_Version::supports_avx512_fp16(), "");
+  InstructionAttr attributes(vector_len, /* rex_w */ false, /* legacy_mode */ false, /* no_mask_reg */ true, /* uses_vl */ true);
+  attributes.set_is_evex_instruction();
+  int encode = vex_prefix_and_encode(dst->encoding(), 0, src->encoding(), VEX_SIMD_F3, VEX_OPCODE_MAP5, &attributes);
+  emit_int16(0x5B, (0xC0 | encode));
+}
+
+void Assembler::evcvttph2qq(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, int vector_len) {
+  assert(VM_Version::supports_avx512_fp16(), "");
+  InstructionAttr attributes(vector_len, /* rex_w */ false, /* legacy_mode */ false, /* no_mask_reg */ true, /* uses_vl */ true);
+  attributes.set_is_evex_instruction();
+  int encode = vex_prefix_and_encode(dst->encoding(), 0, src->encoding(), VEX_SIMD_66, VEX_OPCODE_MAP5, &attributes);
+  emit_int16(0x7A, (0xC0 | encode));
+}
+
 void Assembler::evcvttps2dqs(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, int vector_len) {
   assert(VM_Version::supports_avx10_2(), "");
   InstructionAttr attributes(vector_len, /* rex_w */ false, /* legacy_mode */ false, /* no_mask_reg */ true, /* uses_vl */ true);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/assembler_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/assembler_x86.hpp
index bc473ba1ca2..d0d1aa3ee90 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/assembler_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/assembler_x86.hpp
@@ -1302,6 +1302,10 @@ class Assembler : public AbstractAssembler  {
   void vcvtps2ph(Address dst, XMMRegister src, int imm8, int vector_len);
   void vcvtph2ps(XMMRegister dst, Address src, int vector_len);
 
+  // Convert Packed Halffloat to Packed integral values
+  void evcvttph2dq(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, int vector_len);
+  void evcvttph2qq(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, int vector_len);
+
   // Convert Packed Signed Doubleword Integers to Packed Single-Precision Floating-Point Value
   void cvtdq2ps(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src);
   void vcvtdq2ps(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, int vector_len);
@@ -1321,6 +1325,11 @@ class Assembler : public AbstractAssembler  {
   void evcvttsd2sisq(Register dst, XMMRegister src);
   void evcvttsd2sisq(Register dst, Address src);
 
+  // Convert with Truncation Scalar Half-Precision Floating-Point Value to Doubleword Integer
+  void evcvttsh2sil(Register dst, XMMRegister src);
+  // Convert with Truncation Scalar Half-Precision Floating-Point Value to Quadword Integer
+  void evcvttsh2siq(Register dst, XMMRegister src);
+
   // Convert with Truncation Scalar Single-Precision Floating-Point Value to Doubleword Integer
   void cvttss2sil(Register dst, XMMRegister src);
   void cvttss2siq(Register dst, XMMRegister src);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp
index 1d6d2c1bce3..d503edce992 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -4576,6 +4576,47 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::arrays_equals(bool is_array_equ, Register ary1, Register
   }
 }
 
+static void convertHF2X_slowpath(C2_MacroAssembler& masm, C2GeneralStub<Register, Register, address>& stub) {
+#define __ masm.
+  Register dst = stub.data<0>();
+  Register src = stub.data<1>();
+  address target = stub.data<2>();
+  __ bind(stub.entry());
+  __ subptr(rsp, 8);
+  // APX REX2 encoding for movl with an extended source register increases its size by 1 byte.
+  __ movl(Address(rsp), src);
+  __ call(RuntimeAddress(target));
+  // APX REX2 encoding for pop(dst) increases the stub size by 1 byte.
+  __ pop(dst);
+  __ jmp(stub.continuation());
+#undef __
+}
+
+void C2_MacroAssembler::convertHF2X(BasicType dst_bt, Register dst, Register src, XMMRegister xtmp) {
+  assert(dst_bt == T_INT || dst_bt == T_LONG, "");
+
+  address slowpath_target;
+  if (dst_bt == T_INT) {
+    evmovw(xtmp, src);
+    evcvttsh2sil(dst, xtmp);
+    cmpl(dst, 0x80000000);
+    slowpath_target = StubRoutines::x86::hf2i_fixup();
+  } else {
+    evmovw(xtmp, src);
+    evcvttsh2siq(dst, xtmp);
+    cmp64(dst, ExternalAddress(StubRoutines::x86::double_sign_flip()));
+    slowpath_target = StubRoutines::x86::hf2l_fixup();
+  }
+
+  // Both the movl spilling src and the pop into dst may use extended general purpose registers under
+  // APX, each adding 1 byte (REX2 prefix) to the encoding, so account for 2 extra bytes.
+  int max_size = 23 + (UseAPX ? 2 : 0);
+  auto stub = C2CodeStub::make<Register, Register, address>(dst, src, slowpath_target, max_size, convertHF2X_slowpath);
+  jcc(Assembler::equal, stub->entry());
+  bind(stub->continuation());
+}
+
+
 static void convertF2I_slowpath(C2_MacroAssembler& masm, C2GeneralStub<Register, XMMRegister, address>& stub) {
 #define __ masm.
   Register dst = stub.data<0>();
@@ -5004,69 +5045,37 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::vector_cast_float_to_int_special_cases_avx(XMMRegister d
   bind(done);
 }
 
-void C2_MacroAssembler::vector_cast_float_to_int_special_cases_evex(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, XMMRegister xtmp1,
-                                                                    XMMRegister xtmp2, KRegister ktmp1, KRegister ktmp2,
-                                                                    Register rscratch, AddressLiteral float_sign_flip,
-                                                                    int vec_enc) {
-  assert(rscratch != noreg || always_reachable(float_sign_flip), "missing");
-  Label done;
-  evmovdqul(xtmp1, k0, float_sign_flip, false, vec_enc, rscratch);
-  Assembler::evpcmpeqd(ktmp1, k0, xtmp1, dst, vec_enc);
-  kortestwl(ktmp1, ktmp1);
-  jccb(Assembler::equal, done);
-
-  vpxor(xtmp2, xtmp2, xtmp2, vec_enc);
-  evcmpps(ktmp2, k0, src, src, Assembler::UNORD_Q, vec_enc);
-  evmovdqul(dst, ktmp2, xtmp2, true, vec_enc);
-
-  kxorwl(ktmp1, ktmp1, ktmp2);
-  evcmpps(ktmp1, ktmp1, src, xtmp2, Assembler::NLT_UQ, vec_enc);
-  vpternlogd(xtmp2, 0x11, xtmp1, xtmp1, vec_enc);
-  evmovdqul(dst, ktmp1, xtmp2, true, vec_enc);
-  bind(done);
-}
-
-void C2_MacroAssembler::vector_cast_float_to_long_special_cases_evex(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, XMMRegister xtmp1,
-                                                                     XMMRegister xtmp2, KRegister ktmp1, KRegister ktmp2,
-                                                                     Register rscratch, AddressLiteral double_sign_flip,
-                                                                     int vec_enc) {
-  assert(rscratch != noreg || always_reachable(double_sign_flip), "missing");
-
-  Label done;
-  evmovdquq(xtmp1, k0, double_sign_flip, false, vec_enc, rscratch);
-  Assembler::evpcmpeqq(ktmp1, k0, xtmp1, dst, vec_enc);
-  kortestwl(ktmp1, ktmp1);
-  jccb(Assembler::equal, done);
-
-  vpxor(xtmp2, xtmp2, xtmp2, vec_enc);
-  evcmpps(ktmp2, k0, src, src, Assembler::UNORD_Q, vec_enc);
-  evmovdquq(dst, ktmp2, xtmp2, true, vec_enc);
-
-  kxorwl(ktmp1, ktmp1, ktmp2);
-  evcmpps(ktmp1, ktmp1, src, xtmp2, Assembler::NLT_UQ, vec_enc);
-  vpternlogq(xtmp2, 0x11, xtmp1, xtmp1, vec_enc);
-  evmovdquq(dst, ktmp1, xtmp2, true, vec_enc);
-  bind(done);
+// Emit an ordered/unordered floating point compare for the given source element
+// type (Float16 -> ph, float -> ps, double -> pd).
+void C2_MacroAssembler::evcmp_fp(BasicType src_elem_bt, KRegister kdst, KRegister mask, XMMRegister nds,
+                                 XMMRegister src, ComparisonPredicateFP comparison, int vec_enc) {
+  switch (src_elem_bt) {
+    case T_SHORT:  evcmpph(kdst, mask, nds, src, comparison, vec_enc); break; // Float16
+    case T_FLOAT:  evcmpps(kdst, mask, nds, src, comparison, vec_enc); break;
+    case T_DOUBLE: evcmppd(kdst, mask, nds, src, comparison, vec_enc); break;
+    default: assert(false, "unexpected source element type: %s", type2name(src_elem_bt));
+  }
 }
 
-void C2_MacroAssembler::vector_cast_double_to_int_special_cases_evex(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, XMMRegister xtmp1,
-                                                                     XMMRegister xtmp2, KRegister ktmp1, KRegister ktmp2,
-                                                                     Register rscratch, AddressLiteral float_sign_flip,
-                                                                     int vec_enc) {
+void C2_MacroAssembler::vector_cast_fp_to_int_special_cases_evex(BasicType src_elem_bt, XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src,
+                                                                 XMMRegister xtmp1, XMMRegister xtmp2, KRegister ktmp1,
+                                                                 KRegister ktmp2, Register rscratch,
+                                                                 AddressLiteral float_sign_flip, int vec_enc) {
   assert(rscratch != noreg || always_reachable(float_sign_flip), "missing");
+  assert(src_elem_bt == T_SHORT || src_elem_bt == T_FLOAT || src_elem_bt == T_DOUBLE, "unexpected source element type");
   Label done;
-  evmovdquq(xtmp1, k0, float_sign_flip, false, vec_enc, rscratch);
+  evmovdqul(xtmp1, k0, float_sign_flip, false, vec_enc, rscratch);
   Assembler::evpcmpeqd(ktmp1, k0, xtmp1, dst, vec_enc);
   kortestwl(ktmp1, ktmp1);
   jccb(Assembler::equal, done);
 
   vpxor(xtmp2, xtmp2, xtmp2, vec_enc);
-  evcmppd(ktmp2, k0, src, src, Assembler::UNORD_Q, vec_enc);
+  evcmp_fp(src_elem_bt, ktmp2, k0, src, src, Assembler::UNORD_Q, vec_enc);
   evmovdqul(dst, ktmp2, xtmp2, true, vec_enc);
 
   kxorwl(ktmp1, ktmp1, ktmp2);
-  evcmppd(ktmp1, ktmp1, src, xtmp2, Assembler::NLT_UQ, vec_enc);
-  vpternlogq(xtmp2, 0x11, xtmp1, xtmp1, vec_enc);
+  evcmp_fp(src_elem_bt, ktmp1, ktmp1, src, xtmp2, Assembler::NLT_UQ, vec_enc);
+  vpternlogd(xtmp2, 0x11, xtmp1, xtmp1, vec_enc);
   evmovdqul(dst, ktmp1, xtmp2, true, vec_enc);
   bind(done);
 }
@@ -5079,24 +5088,24 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::vector_cast_double_to_int_special_cases_evex(XMMRegister
  * If the src is positive infinity or any value greater than or equal to the value of Long.MAX_VALUE,
  * the result is equal to the value of Long.MAX_VALUE.
  */
-void C2_MacroAssembler::vector_cast_double_to_long_special_cases_evex(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, XMMRegister xtmp1,
-                                                                      XMMRegister xtmp2, KRegister ktmp1, KRegister ktmp2,
-                                                                      Register rscratch, AddressLiteral double_sign_flip,
-                                                                      int vec_enc) {
+void C2_MacroAssembler::vector_cast_fp_to_long_special_cases_evex(BasicType src_elem_bt, XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src,
+                                                                  XMMRegister xtmp1, XMMRegister xtmp2, KRegister ktmp1,
+                                                                  KRegister ktmp2, Register rscratch,
+                                                                  AddressLiteral double_sign_flip, int vec_enc) {
   assert(rscratch != noreg || always_reachable(double_sign_flip), "missing");
-
+  assert(src_elem_bt == T_SHORT || src_elem_bt == T_FLOAT || src_elem_bt == T_DOUBLE, "unexpected source element type");
   Label done;
-  evmovdqul(xtmp1, k0, double_sign_flip, false, vec_enc, rscratch);
-  evpcmpeqq(ktmp1, xtmp1, dst, vec_enc);
+  evmovdquq(xtmp1, k0, double_sign_flip, false, vec_enc, rscratch);
+  Assembler::evpcmpeqq(ktmp1, k0, xtmp1, dst, vec_enc);
   kortestwl(ktmp1, ktmp1);
   jccb(Assembler::equal, done);
 
   vpxor(xtmp2, xtmp2, xtmp2, vec_enc);
-  evcmppd(ktmp2, k0, src, src, Assembler::UNORD_Q, vec_enc);
+  evcmp_fp(src_elem_bt, ktmp2, k0, src, src, Assembler::UNORD_Q, vec_enc);
   evmovdquq(dst, ktmp2, xtmp2, true, vec_enc);
 
   kxorwl(ktmp1, ktmp1, ktmp2);
-  evcmppd(ktmp1, ktmp1, src, xtmp2, Assembler::NLT_UQ, vec_enc);
+  evcmp_fp(src_elem_bt, ktmp1, ktmp1, src, xtmp2, Assembler::NLT_UQ, vec_enc);
   vpternlogq(xtmp2, 0x11, xtmp1, xtmp1, vec_enc);
   evmovdquq(dst, ktmp1, xtmp2, true, vec_enc);
   bind(done);
@@ -5207,7 +5216,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::vector_castF2X_evex(BasicType to_elem_bt, XMMRegister ds
   int to_elem_sz = type2aelembytes(to_elem_bt);
   assert(to_elem_sz <= 4, "");
   vcvttps2dq(dst, src, vec_enc);
-  vector_cast_float_to_int_special_cases_evex(dst, src, xtmp1, xtmp2, ktmp1, ktmp2, rscratch, float_sign_flip, vec_enc);
+  vector_cast_fp_to_int_special_cases_evex(T_FLOAT, dst, src, xtmp1, xtmp2, ktmp1, ktmp2, rscratch, float_sign_flip, vec_enc);
   switch(to_elem_bt) {
     case T_INT:
       break;
@@ -5225,7 +5234,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::vector_castF2L_evex(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, XM
                                             KRegister ktmp1, KRegister ktmp2, AddressLiteral double_sign_flip,
                                             Register rscratch, int vec_enc) {
   evcvttps2qq(dst, src, vec_enc);
-  vector_cast_float_to_long_special_cases_evex(dst, src, xtmp1, xtmp2, ktmp1, ktmp2, rscratch, double_sign_flip, vec_enc);
+  vector_cast_fp_to_long_special_cases_evex(T_FLOAT, dst, src, xtmp1, xtmp2, ktmp1, ktmp2, rscratch, double_sign_flip, vec_enc);
 }
 
 // Handling for downcasting from double to integer or sub-word types on AVX2.
@@ -5249,7 +5258,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::vector_castD2X_evex(BasicType to_elem_bt, XMMRegister ds
                                             Register rscratch, int vec_enc) {
   if (VM_Version::supports_avx512dq()) {
     evcvttpd2qq(dst, src, vec_enc);
-    vector_cast_double_to_long_special_cases_evex(dst, src, xtmp1, xtmp2, ktmp1, ktmp2, rscratch, sign_flip, vec_enc);
+    vector_cast_fp_to_long_special_cases_evex(T_DOUBLE, dst, src, xtmp1, xtmp2, ktmp1, ktmp2, rscratch, sign_flip, vec_enc);
     switch(to_elem_bt) {
       case T_LONG:
         break;
@@ -5269,7 +5278,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::vector_castD2X_evex(BasicType to_elem_bt, XMMRegister ds
   } else {
     assert(type2aelembytes(to_elem_bt) <= 4, "");
     vcvttpd2dq(dst, src, vec_enc);
-    vector_cast_double_to_int_special_cases_evex(dst, src, xtmp1, xtmp2, ktmp1, ktmp2, rscratch, sign_flip, vec_enc);
+    vector_cast_fp_to_int_special_cases_evex(T_DOUBLE, dst, src, xtmp1, xtmp2, ktmp1, ktmp2, rscratch, sign_flip, vec_enc);
     switch(to_elem_bt) {
       case T_INT:
         break;
@@ -5364,6 +5373,34 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::vector_castD2X_avx10_2(BasicType to_elem_bt, XMMRegister
   }
 }
 
+void C2_MacroAssembler::vector_castHF2I_evex(BasicType to_elem_bt, XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, XMMRegister xtmp1,
+                                             XMMRegister xtmp2, KRegister ktmp1, KRegister ktmp2,
+                                             AddressLiteral float_sign_flip, Register rscratch, int vec_enc) {
+  assert(type2aelembytes(to_elem_bt) <= 4, "");
+  assert(VM_Version::supports_avx512vl() || vec_enc == Assembler::AVX_512bit, "sub-512-bit vectors require AVX512VL");
+  evcvttph2dq(dst, src, vec_enc);
+  vector_cast_fp_to_int_special_cases_evex(T_SHORT, dst, src, xtmp1, xtmp2, ktmp1, ktmp2, rscratch, float_sign_flip, vec_enc);
+  switch(to_elem_bt) {
+    case T_INT:
+      break;
+    case T_SHORT:
+      evpmovdw(dst, dst, vec_enc);
+      break;
+    case T_BYTE:
+      evpmovdb(dst, dst, vec_enc);
+      break;
+    default: assert(false, "Unexpected type for vector castHF2I: %s", type2name(to_elem_bt));
+  }
+}
+
+void C2_MacroAssembler::vector_castHF2L_evex(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, XMMRegister xtmp1,
+                                             XMMRegister xtmp2, KRegister ktmp1, KRegister ktmp2,
+                                             AddressLiteral double_sign_flip, Register rscratch, int vec_enc) {
+  assert(VM_Version::supports_avx512vl() || vec_enc == Assembler::AVX_512bit, "sub-512-bit vectors require AVX512VL");
+  evcvttph2qq(dst, src, vec_enc);
+  vector_cast_fp_to_long_special_cases_evex(T_SHORT, dst, src, xtmp1, xtmp2, ktmp1, ktmp2, rscratch, double_sign_flip, vec_enc);
+}
+
 void C2_MacroAssembler::vector_round_double_evex(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src,
                                                  AddressLiteral double_sign_flip, AddressLiteral new_mxcsr, int vec_enc,
                                                  Register tmp, XMMRegister xtmp1, XMMRegister xtmp2, KRegister ktmp1, KRegister ktmp2) {
@@ -5375,8 +5412,8 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::vector_round_double_evex(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister sr
   evpbroadcastq(xtmp1, tmp, vec_enc);
   vaddpd(xtmp1, src , xtmp1, vec_enc);
   evcvtpd2qq(dst, xtmp1, vec_enc);
-  vector_cast_double_to_long_special_cases_evex(dst, src, xtmp1, xtmp2, ktmp1, ktmp2, tmp /*rscratch*/,
-                                                double_sign_flip, vec_enc);;
+  vector_cast_fp_to_long_special_cases_evex(T_DOUBLE, dst, src, xtmp1, xtmp2, ktmp1, ktmp2, tmp /*rscratch*/,
+                                            double_sign_flip, vec_enc);;
 
   ldmxcsr(ExternalAddress(StubRoutines::x86::addr_mxcsr_std()), tmp /*rscratch*/);
 }
@@ -5393,8 +5430,8 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::vector_round_float_evex(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src
   vbroadcastss(xtmp1, xtmp1, vec_enc);
   vaddps(xtmp1, src , xtmp1, vec_enc);
   vcvtps2dq(dst, xtmp1, vec_enc);
-  vector_cast_float_to_int_special_cases_evex(dst, src, xtmp1, xtmp2, ktmp1, ktmp2, tmp /*rscratch*/,
-                                              float_sign_flip, vec_enc);
+  vector_cast_fp_to_int_special_cases_evex(T_FLOAT, dst, src, xtmp1, xtmp2, ktmp1, ktmp2, tmp /*rscratch*/,
+                                           float_sign_flip, vec_enc);
 
   ldmxcsr(ExternalAddress(StubRoutines::x86::addr_mxcsr_std()), tmp /*rscratch*/);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.hpp
index b6b3d4d3d63..297af872c45 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.hpp
@@ -308,6 +308,8 @@
 
   void convertF2I(BasicType dst_bt, BasicType src_bt, Register dst, XMMRegister src);
 
+  void convertHF2X(BasicType dst_bt, Register dst, Register src, XMMRegister xtmp);
+
   void evmasked_op(int ideal_opc, BasicType eType, KRegister mask,
                    XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src1, XMMRegister src2,
                    bool merge, int vlen_enc, bool is_varshift = false);
@@ -335,6 +337,14 @@
                           XMMRegister xtmp2, XMMRegister xtmp3, XMMRegister xtmp4,
                           AddressLiteral float_sign_flip, Register rscratch, int vec_enc);
 
+  void vector_castHF2I_evex(BasicType to_elem_bt, XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, XMMRegister xtmp1,
+                            XMMRegister xtmp2, KRegister ktmp1, KRegister ktmp2,
+                            AddressLiteral float_sign_flip, Register rscratch, int vec_enc);
+
+  void vector_castHF2L_evex(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, XMMRegister xtmp1,
+                            XMMRegister xtmp2, KRegister ktmp1, KRegister ktmp2,
+                            AddressLiteral double_sign_flip, Register rscratch, int vec_enc);
+
   void vector_castF2X_evex(BasicType to_elem_bt, XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, XMMRegister xtmp1,
                            XMMRegister xtmp2, KRegister ktmp1, KRegister ktmp2, AddressLiteral float_sign_flip,
                            Register rscratch, int vec_enc);
@@ -363,21 +373,16 @@
                                                    XMMRegister xtmp3, XMMRegister xtmp4, XMMRegister xtmp5, Register rscratch,
                                                    AddressLiteral float_sign_flip, int vec_enc);
 
-  void vector_cast_double_to_int_special_cases_evex(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, XMMRegister xtmp1, XMMRegister xtmp2,
-                                                    KRegister ktmp1, KRegister ktmp2, Register rscratch, AddressLiteral float_sign_flip,
-                                                    int vec_enc);
-
-  void vector_cast_double_to_long_special_cases_evex(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, XMMRegister xtmp1, XMMRegister xtmp2,
-                                                     KRegister ktmp1, KRegister ktmp2, Register rscratch, AddressLiteral double_sign_flip,
-                                                     int vec_enc);
+  void evcmp_fp(BasicType src_elem_bt, KRegister kdst, KRegister mask, XMMRegister nds, XMMRegister src,
+                ComparisonPredicateFP comparison, int vec_enc);
 
-  void vector_cast_float_to_int_special_cases_evex(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, XMMRegister xtmp1, XMMRegister xtmp2,
-                                                   KRegister ktmp1, KRegister ktmp2, Register rscratch, AddressLiteral float_sign_flip,
-                                                   int vec_enc);
+  void vector_cast_fp_to_int_special_cases_evex(BasicType src_elem_bt, XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, XMMRegister xtmp1,
+                                                XMMRegister xtmp2, KRegister ktmp1, KRegister ktmp2, Register rscratch,
+                                                AddressLiteral float_sign_flip, int vec_enc);
 
-  void vector_cast_float_to_long_special_cases_evex(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, XMMRegister xtmp1, XMMRegister xtmp2,
-                                                    KRegister ktmp1, KRegister ktmp2, Register rscratch, AddressLiteral double_sign_flip,
-                                                    int vec_enc);
+  void vector_cast_fp_to_long_special_cases_evex(BasicType src_elem_bt, XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, XMMRegister xtmp1,
+                                                 XMMRegister xtmp2, KRegister ktmp1, KRegister ktmp2, Register rscratch,
+                                                 AddressLiteral double_sign_flip, int vec_enc);
 
   void vector_cast_float_to_int_special_cases_avx(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, XMMRegister xtmp1, XMMRegister xtmp2, XMMRegister xtmp3,
                                                   XMMRegister xtmp4, Register rscratch, AddressLiteral float_sign_flip,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubDeclarations_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubDeclarations_x86.hpp
index 031e95170cc..28679045027 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubDeclarations_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubDeclarations_x86.hpp
@@ -43,6 +43,10 @@
   do_stub(initial, verify_mxcsr)                                        \
   do_arch_entry(x86, initial, verify_mxcsr, verify_mxcsr_entry,         \
                 verify_mxcsr_entry)                                     \
+  do_stub(initial, hf2i_fixup)                                          \
+  do_arch_entry(x86, initial, hf2i_fixup, hf2i_fixup, hf2i_fixup)       \
+  do_stub(initial, hf2l_fixup)                                          \
+  do_arch_entry(x86, initial, hf2l_fixup, hf2l_fixup, hf2l_fixup)       \
   do_stub(initial, f2i_fixup)                                           \
   do_arch_entry(x86, initial, f2i_fixup, f2i_fixup, f2i_fixup)          \
   do_stub(initial, f2l_fixup)                                           \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64.cpp
index 18d23637341..7e3addb752d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64.cpp
@@ -647,6 +647,101 @@ address StubGenerator::generate_verify_mxcsr() {
   return start;
 }
 
+address StubGenerator::generate_hf2i_fixup() {
+  StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_hf2i_fixup_id;
+  int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+  assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+  address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+  if (start != nullptr) {
+    return start;
+  }
+  StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
+  Address inout(rsp, 5 * wordSize); // return address + 4 saves
+
+  start = __ pc();
+
+  Label L;
+
+  __ push_ppx(rax);
+  __ push_ppx(c_rarg3);
+  __ push_ppx(c_rarg2);
+  __ push_ppx(c_rarg1);
+
+  __ movl(rax, 0x7c00);
+  __ xorl(c_rarg3, c_rarg3);
+  __ movl(c_rarg2, inout);
+  __ movl(c_rarg1, c_rarg2);
+  __ andl(c_rarg1, 0x7fff);
+  __ cmpl(rax, c_rarg1); // NaN? -> 0
+  __ jcc(Assembler::negative, L);
+  __ testl(c_rarg2, c_rarg2); // signed ? min_jint : max_jint
+  __ movl(c_rarg3, 0x80000000);
+  __ movl(rax, 0x7fffffff);
+  __ cmovl(Assembler::positive, c_rarg3, rax);
+
+  __ bind(L);
+  __ movptr(inout, c_rarg3);
+
+  __ pop_ppx(c_rarg1);
+  __ pop_ppx(c_rarg2);
+  __ pop_ppx(c_rarg3);
+  __ pop_ppx(rax);
+
+  __ ret(0);
+
+  // record the stub entry and end
+  store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
+  return start;
+}
+
+address StubGenerator::generate_hf2l_fixup() {
+  StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_hf2l_fixup_id;
+  int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+  assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+  address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+  if (start != nullptr) {
+    return start;
+  }
+  StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
+  Address inout(rsp, 5 * wordSize); // return address + 4 saves
+  start = __ pc();
+
+  Label L;
+
+  __ push_ppx(rax);
+  __ push_ppx(c_rarg3);
+  __ push_ppx(c_rarg2);
+  __ push_ppx(c_rarg1);
+
+  __ movl(rax, 0x7c00);
+  __ xorq(c_rarg3, c_rarg3);
+  __ movl(c_rarg2, inout);
+  __ movl(c_rarg1, c_rarg2);
+  __ andl(c_rarg1, 0x7fff);
+  __ cmpl(rax, c_rarg1); // NaN? -> 0
+  __ jcc(Assembler::negative, L);
+  __ testl(c_rarg2, c_rarg2); // signed ? min_jlong : max_jlong
+  __ mov64(c_rarg3, 0x8000000000000000);
+  __ mov64(rax, 0x7fffffffffffffff);
+  __ cmov(Assembler::positive, c_rarg3, rax);
+
+  __ bind(L);
+  __ movptr(inout, c_rarg3);
+
+  __ pop_ppx(c_rarg1);
+  __ pop_ppx(c_rarg2);
+  __ pop_ppx(c_rarg3);
+  __ pop_ppx(rax);
+
+  __ ret(0);
+
+  // record the stub entry and end
+  store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
+  return start;
+}
+
 address StubGenerator::generate_f2i_fixup() {
   StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_f2i_fixup_id;
   int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
@@ -4833,6 +4928,8 @@ void StubGenerator::generate_initial_stubs() {
   // platform dependent
   StubRoutines::x86::_verify_mxcsr_entry    = generate_verify_mxcsr();
 
+  StubRoutines::x86::_hf2i_fixup            = generate_hf2i_fixup();
+  StubRoutines::x86::_hf2l_fixup            = generate_hf2l_fixup();
   StubRoutines::x86::_f2i_fixup             = generate_f2i_fixup();
   StubRoutines::x86::_f2l_fixup             = generate_f2l_fixup();
   StubRoutines::x86::_d2i_fixup             = generate_d2i_fixup();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64.hpp
index 6e3da334f11..7df0c3090f4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64.hpp
@@ -77,6 +77,8 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
   address generate_verify_mxcsr();
 
+  address generate_hf2i_fixup();
+  address generate_hf2l_fixup();
   address generate_f2i_fixup();
   address generate_f2l_fixup();
   address generate_d2i_fixup();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
index 3c4f00d19d5..a51faa0bea6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
@@ -3033,8 +3033,10 @@ VM_Version::VM_Features VM_Version::CpuidInfo::feature_flags() const {
       vm_features.set_feature(CPU_SERIALIZE);
     if (sef_cpuid7_edx.bits.hybrid != 0)
       vm_features.set_feature(CPU_HYBRID);
-    if (_cpuid_info.sef_cpuid7_edx.bits.avx512_fp16 != 0)
-      vm_features.set_feature(CPU_AVX512_FP16);
+  }
+
+  if (_cpuid_info.sef_cpuid7_edx.bits.avx512_fp16 != 0) {
+    vm_features.set_feature(CPU_AVX512_FP16);
   }
 
   // ZX additional features.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
index 11505c8c6df..6c3ca9fe7cb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
@@ -14264,6 +14264,30 @@ instruct convD2F_reg_mem(regF dst, memory src)
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow); // XXX
 %}
 
+instruct convHF2I_reg_reg(rRegI dst, rRegI src, regF xtmp, rFlagsReg cr)
+%{
+  predicate(VM_Version::supports_avx512_fp16());
+  match(Set dst (ConvF2I (ConvHF2F src)));
+  effect(TEMP dst, KILL cr, TEMP xtmp);
+  format %{ "convert_hf2i $dst, $src !\t using $xtmp as TEMP" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ convertHF2X(T_INT, $dst$$Register, $src$$Register, $xtmp$$XMMRegister);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
+instruct convHF2L_reg_reg(rRegL dst, rRegI src, regF xtmp, rFlagsReg cr)
+%{
+  predicate(VM_Version::supports_avx512_fp16());
+  match(Set dst (ConvF2L (ConvHF2F src)));
+  effect(TEMP dst, KILL cr, TEMP xtmp);
+  format %{ "convert_hf2l $dst, $src !\t using $xtmp as TEMP" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ convertHF2X(T_LONG, $dst$$Register, $src$$Register, $xtmp$$XMMRegister);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
 // XXX do mem variants
 instruct convF2I_reg_reg(rRegI dst, regF src, rFlagsReg cr)
 %{
@@ -22032,6 +22056,30 @@ instruct vcastLtoX_evex(vec dst, vec src) %{
   ins_pipe( pipe_slow );
 %}
 
+instruct castHFtoX_reg_evex(vec dst, vec src, vec xtmp1, vec xtmp2, kReg ktmp1, kReg ktmp2, rFlagsReg cr) %{
+  predicate(VM_Version::supports_avx512_fp16() &&
+            is_integral_type(Matcher::vector_element_basic_type(n)));
+  match(Set dst (VectorCastF2X (VectorCastHF2F src)));
+  effect(TEMP dst, TEMP xtmp1, TEMP xtmp2, TEMP ktmp1, TEMP ktmp2, KILL cr);
+  format %{ "vector_cast_hf2x $dst,$src\t! using $xtmp1, $xtmp2, $ktmp1 and $ktmp2 as TEMP" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    BasicType to_elem_bt = Matcher::vector_element_basic_type(this);
+    int vlen = Matcher::vector_length(this);
+    if (to_elem_bt == T_LONG) {
+      int vlen_enc = vector_length_encoding(vlen * type2aelembytes(T_LONG));
+      __ vector_castHF2L_evex($dst$$XMMRegister, $src$$XMMRegister, $xtmp1$$XMMRegister,
+                              $xtmp2$$XMMRegister, $ktmp1$$KRegister, $ktmp2$$KRegister,
+                              ExternalAddress(vector_double_signflip()), noreg, vlen_enc);
+    } else {
+      int vlen_enc = vector_length_encoding(vlen * type2aelembytes(T_INT));
+      __ vector_castHF2I_evex(to_elem_bt, $dst$$XMMRegister, $src$$XMMRegister, $xtmp1$$XMMRegister,
+                              $xtmp2$$XMMRegister, $ktmp1$$KRegister, $ktmp2$$KRegister,
+                              ExternalAddress(vector_float_signflip()), noreg, vlen_enc);
+    }
+  %}
+  ins_pipe( pipe_slow );
+%}
+
 instruct vcastFtoD_reg(vec dst, vec src) %{
   predicate(Matcher::vector_element_basic_type(n) == T_DOUBLE);
   match(Set dst (VectorCastF2X src));
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java
index 7038e761abc..b2961b8ba2b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java
@@ -3020,6 +3020,21 @@ public static void anyStoreOfNodes(String irNodePlaceholder, String fieldHolder)
         machOnlyNameRegex(X86_VCAST_D2X_AVX10_2, "castDtoX_(reg|mem)_avx10_2");
     }
 
+    public static final String X86_SCONV_HF2I = PREFIX + "X86_SCONV_HF2I" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        machOnlyNameRegex(X86_SCONV_HF2I, "convHF2I_reg_reg");
+    }
+
+    public static final String X86_SCONV_HF2L = PREFIX + "X86_SCONV_HF2L" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        machOnlyNameRegex(X86_SCONV_HF2L, "convHF2L_reg_reg");
+    }
+
+    public static final String X86_VCAST_HF2X = PREFIX + "X86_VCAST_HF2X" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        machOnlyNameRegex(X86_VCAST_HF2X, "castHFtoX_reg_evex");
+    }
+
     public static final String XOR = PREFIX + "XOR" + POSTFIX;
     static {
         beforeMatchingNameRegex(XOR, "Xor(I|L)");
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestFloat16ToIntegralConv.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestFloat16ToIntegralConv.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2ff72137e24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestFloat16ToIntegralConv.java
@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package compiler.vectorapi;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import compiler.lib.verify.*;
+import jdk.incubator.vector.Float16;
+import static jdk.incubator.vector.Float16.*;
+
+import compiler.lib.generators.Generator;
+import static compiler.lib.generators.Generators.G;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8382523
+ * @summary Optimize Float16 to integral conversion operations for AVX512-FP16 targets.
+ * @modules jdk.incubator.vector
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+public class TestFloat16ToIntegralConv {
+    private static final int SIZE = 1024;
+
+    private short[] fp16inp;
+
+    private int[] goldenI;
+    private long[] goldenL;
+    private short[] goldenS;
+    private byte[] goldenB;
+
+    private int[] vecIout;
+    private long[] vecLout;
+    private short[] vecSout;
+    private byte[] vecBout;
+
+    private static Generator<Short> genHF = G.float16s();
+
+    public TestFloat16ToIntegralConv() {
+        fp16inp = new short[SIZE];
+        goldenI = new int[SIZE];
+        goldenL = new long[SIZE];
+        goldenS = new short[SIZE];
+        goldenB = new byte[SIZE];
+        vecIout = new int[SIZE];
+        vecLout = new long[SIZE];
+        vecSout = new short[SIZE];
+        vecBout = new byte[SIZE];
+
+        G.fill(genHF, fp16inp);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            float fval = Float.float16ToFloat(fp16inp[i]);
+            goldenI[i] = (int) fval;
+            goldenL[i] = (long) fval;
+            goldenS[i] = (short) fval;
+            goldenB[i] = (byte) fval;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestFramework.runWithFlags("--add-modules=jdk.incubator.vector");
+    }
+
+    // ======================== Scalar tests ========================
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.X86_SCONV_HF2I, "> 0"}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512_fp16", "true"})
+    public int testConvHF2I(int idx) {
+        return (int) Float.float16ToFloat(fp16inp[idx]);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testConvHF2I")
+    public void runConvHF2I() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            Verify.checkEQ(testConvHF2I(i), goldenI[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.X86_SCONV_HF2L, "> 0"}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512_fp16", "true"})
+    public long testConvHF2L(int idx) {
+        return (long) Float.float16ToFloat(fp16inp[idx]);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testConvHF2L")
+    public void runConvHF2L() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            Verify.checkEQ(testConvHF2L(i), goldenL[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.X86_SCONV_HF2I, "> 0"}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512_fp16", "true"})
+    public short testConvHF2S(int idx) {
+        return (short) Float.float16ToFloat(fp16inp[idx]);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testConvHF2S")
+    public void runConvHF2S() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            Verify.checkEQ(testConvHF2S(i), goldenS[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.X86_SCONV_HF2I, "> 0"}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512_fp16", "true"})
+    public byte testConvHF2B(int idx) {
+        return (byte) Float.float16ToFloat(fp16inp[idx]);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testConvHF2B")
+    public void runConvHF2B() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            Verify.checkEQ(testConvHF2B(i), goldenB[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ======================== Scalar VAPI tests ========================
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.X86_SCONV_HF2I, "> 0"}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512_fp16", "true"})
+    public int testConvHF2I_VAPI(int idx) {
+        return shortBitsToFloat16(fp16inp[idx]).intValue();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testConvHF2I_VAPI")
+    public void runConvHF2I_VAPI() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            Verify.checkEQ(testConvHF2I_VAPI(i), goldenI[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.X86_SCONV_HF2L, "> 0"}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512_fp16", "true"})
+    public long testConvHF2L_VAPI(int idx) {
+        return shortBitsToFloat16(fp16inp[idx]).longValue();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testConvHF2L_VAPI")
+    public void runConvHF2L_VAPI() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            Verify.checkEQ(testConvHF2L_VAPI(i), goldenL[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.X86_SCONV_HF2I, "> 0"}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512_fp16", "true"})
+    public short testConvHF2S_VAPI(int idx) {
+        return shortBitsToFloat16(fp16inp[idx]).shortValue();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testConvHF2S_VAPI")
+    public void runConvHF2S_VAPI() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            Verify.checkEQ(testConvHF2S_VAPI(i), goldenS[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.X86_SCONV_HF2I, "> 0"}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512_fp16", "true"})
+    public byte testConvHF2B_VAPI(int idx) {
+        return shortBitsToFloat16(fp16inp[idx]).byteValue();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testConvHF2B_VAPI")
+    public void runConvHF2B_VAPI() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            Verify.checkEQ(testConvHF2B_VAPI(i), goldenB[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ======================== Vector tests ========================
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.X86_VCAST_HF2X, "> 0"}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512_fp16", "true"})
+    public void testVecConvHF2I() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            vecIout[i] = (int) Float.float16ToFloat(fp16inp[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testVecConvHF2I")
+    public void runVecConvHF2I() {
+        testVecConvHF2I();
+        Verify.checkEQ(vecIout, goldenI);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.X86_VCAST_HF2X, "> 0"}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512_fp16", "true"})
+    public void testVecConvHF2L() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            vecLout[i] = (long) Float.float16ToFloat(fp16inp[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testVecConvHF2L")
+    public void runVecConvHF2L() {
+        testVecConvHF2L();
+        Verify.checkEQ(vecLout, goldenL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.X86_VCAST_HF2X, "> 0"}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512_fp16", "true"})
+    public void testVecConvHF2S() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            vecSout[i] = (short) Float.float16ToFloat(fp16inp[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testVecConvHF2S")
+    public void runVecConvHF2S() {
+        testVecConvHF2S();
+        Verify.checkEQ(vecSout, goldenS);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.X86_VCAST_HF2X, "> 0"}, phase = CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512_fp16", "true"})
+    public void testVecConvHF2B() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            vecBout[i] = (byte) Float.float16ToFloat(fp16inp[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "testVecConvHF2B")
+    public void runVecConvHF2B() {
+        testVecConvHF2B();
+        Verify.checkEQ(vecBout, goldenB);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16ToIntegralConvBenchmark.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16ToIntegralConvBenchmark.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..694663e0499
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16ToIntegralConvBenchmark.java
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.jdk.incubator.vector;
+
+import java.util.stream.IntStream;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import jdk.incubator.vector.*;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.*;
+import static jdk.incubator.vector.Float16.*;
+import static java.lang.Float.*;
+
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+@Fork(jvmArgs = {"--add-modules=jdk.incubator.vector"})
+public class Float16ToIntegralConvBenchmark {
+    @Param({"1024", "2048"})
+    int size;
+
+    short[] fp16inp;
+    int[] iout;
+    long[] lout;
+    short[] sout;
+    byte[] bout;
+
+    @Setup(Level.Trial)
+    public void BmSetup() {
+        fp16inp = new short[size];
+        iout = new int[size];
+        lout = new long[size];
+        sout = new short[size];
+        bout = new byte[size];
+
+        IntStream.range(0, size).forEach(i -> {fp16inp[i] = Float.floatToFloat16((float)i);});
+
+        // Special Values
+        Float16 [] specialValues = {Float16.NaN, Float16.NEGATIVE_INFINITY, Float16.valueOf(0.0), Float16.valueOf(-0.0), Float16.POSITIVE_INFINITY};
+        IntStream.range(0, size).forEach(
+            i -> {
+                if ((i % 100) == 0) {
+                    fp16inp[i] = float16ToRawShortBits(specialValues[i % specialValues.length]);
+                }
+            }
+        );
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void convHF2L() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            lout[i] = (long)float16ToFloat(fp16inp[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void convHF2L_VAPI() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            lout[i] = shortBitsToFloat16(fp16inp[i]).longValue();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void convHF2I() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            iout[i] = (int)float16ToFloat(fp16inp[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void convHF2I_VAPI() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            iout[i] = shortBitsToFloat16(fp16inp[i]).intValue();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void convHF2S() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            sout[i] = (short)float16ToFloat(fp16inp[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void convHF2S_VAPI() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            sout[i] = shortBitsToFloat16(fp16inp[i]).shortValue();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void convHF2B() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            bout[i] = (byte)float16ToFloat(fp16inp[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void convHF2B_VAPI() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            bout[i] = shortBitsToFloat16(fp16inp[i]).byteValue();
+        }
+    }
+}

From ca578ae9a6f4bb902ab287586286e4a796bcd511 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Mohamed Issa <missa@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 02:02:34 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 471/707] 8389910: [BACKOUT] Regression >6% on
 Crypto-MLDSA.sign on x64

Reviewed-by: drwhite, sviswanathan, kvn
---
 src/hotspot/share/adlc/formssel.cpp | 30 ++++++++---------------------
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/adlc/formssel.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/adlc/formssel.cpp
index 7f57e13e3af..8abaa62982b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/adlc/formssel.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/adlc/formssel.cpp
@@ -1139,31 +1139,17 @@ const char *InstructForm::mach_base_class(FormDict &globals)  const {
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-// Do the instruction predicates allow target_instr to be replaced by replacement_instr for cisc-spill optimzation.
-static bool hasPredicateSubset( const InstructForm *target_instr, const InstructForm *replacement_instr ) {
-  const Predicate *target_p  = target_instr->_predicate;
-  const Predicate *replacement_p  = replacement_instr->_predicate;
-  if( target_p == nullptr && replacement_p == nullptr ) {
+// Compare the instruction predicates for textual equality
+bool equivalent_predicates( const InstructForm *instr1, const InstructForm *instr2 ) {
+  const Predicate *pred1  = instr1->_predicate;
+  const Predicate *pred2  = instr2->_predicate;
+  if( pred1 == nullptr && pred2 == nullptr ) {
     // no predicates means they are identical
     return true;
   }
-
-  #ifdef AMD64
-  // A replacement_instr with no predicate handles a superset of the cases that target_instr handles.
-  // *Except* when target_instr has "predicate(false)", which shouldn't match anything.
-  // This is safe for x86 which only uses such predicates for instructions that should only be expanded
-  // as part of peephole optimizations. It's unclear if this is safe for s390 due to more complex predicates
-  // like "predicate(false && <more expressions>)". For now only enable for x86 (AMD64)
-  #define PREDICATE_FALSE_EXPR "#line 9\nfalse\n#line 9\n"
-
-  if( replacement_p == nullptr && !ADLParser::equivalent_expressions(target_p->_pred, PREDICATE_FALSE_EXPR) ) {
-    return true;
-  }
-  #endif /* AMD64 */
-
-  if( target_p != nullptr && replacement_p != nullptr ) {
+  if( pred1 != nullptr && pred2 != nullptr ) {
     // compare the predicates
-    if (ADLParser::equivalent_expressions(target_p->_pred, replacement_p->_pred)) {
+    if (ADLParser::equivalent_expressions(pred1->_pred, pred2->_pred)) {
       return true;
     }
   }
@@ -1184,7 +1170,7 @@ bool InstructForm::cisc_spills_to(ArchDesc &AD, InstructForm *instr) {
   const char *reg_type           = nullptr;
   FormDict   &globals            = AD.globalNames();
   cisc_spill_operand = _matrule->matchrule_cisc_spill_match(globals, AD.get_registers(), instr->_matrule, op_name, reg_type);
-  if( (cisc_spill_operand != Not_cisc_spillable) && (op_name != nullptr) && hasPredicateSubset(this, instr) ) {
+  if( (cisc_spill_operand != Not_cisc_spillable) && (op_name != nullptr) && equivalent_predicates(this, instr) ) {
     cisc_spill_operand = operand_position(op_name, Component::USE);
     int def_oper  = operand_position(op_name, Component::DEF);
     if( def_oper == NameList::Not_in_list && instr->num_opnds() == num_opnds()) {

From a6179e6e1da1e62dc1549d443bcffcbc10380039 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Amit Kumar <amitkumar@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 04:51:27 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 472/707] 8389806: [s390x] Parent reports exit status 1023 for
 child, even when child exited normally

Reviewed-by: stuefe, asmehra
---
 src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
index e1755dc8a0c..c9162ecb0ac 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
@@ -1337,7 +1337,7 @@ static int exec_jvm_with_java_tool_options(const char* java_launcher_path, TRAPS
   //
   // Note: the env variables are set only for the child process. They are not changed
   // for the current process. See java.lang.ProcessBuilder::environment().
-  JavaValue result(T_OBJECT);
+  JavaValue result(T_INT);
   JavaCallArguments javacall_args(2);
   javacall_args.push_oop(launcher);
   javacall_args.push_oop(launcher_args);

From c8ea1b60f6a5307f50ff6260130ff6f2517f772c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jayathirth D V <jdv@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 05:30:30 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 473/707] 8386576: Calculating Area using a complex polygon
 creates spurious horizontal line segments

Reviewed-by: prr, serb
---
 .../share/classes/sun/awt/geom/AreaOp.java    | 14 +---
 .../awt/geom/Area/AreaPath2DDrawTest.java     | 78 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 79 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/java/awt/geom/Area/AreaPath2DDrawTest.java

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/awt/geom/AreaOp.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/awt/geom/AreaOp.java
index 65f7dbf11eb..e244a06104d 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/awt/geom/AreaOp.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/awt/geom/AreaOp.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -146,8 +146,6 @@ private AreaOp() {
     public static final int RSTAG_INSIDE = 1;
     public static final int RSTAG_OUTSIDE = -1;
 
-    public static final int MAX_LINK_COUNT = 1024;
-
     public abstract void newRow();
 
     public abstract int classify(Edge e);
@@ -240,7 +238,6 @@ private Vector<Curve> pruneEdges(Vector<Edge> edges) {
         Vector<ChainEnd> chains = new Vector<>();
         Vector<CurveLink> links = new Vector<>();
         Vector<Curve> ret = new Vector<>();
-        int linkCount = 0;
         // Active edges are between left (inclusive) and right (exclusive)
         while (left < numedges) {
             double y = yrange[0];
@@ -413,15 +410,6 @@ private Vector<Curve> pruneEdges(Vector<Edge> edges) {
                     System.out.println("  "+link.getSubCurve());
                 }
             }
-            // If we have complex area calculation, we should consume the
-            // intermediate subcurves to optimize memory footprint
-            if (linkCount >= MAX_LINK_COUNT) {
-                consumeSubCurves(subcurves, chains, ret);
-                linkCount = 0;
-                chains.clear();
-                subcurves.clear();
-            }
-            linkCount += links.size();
             resolveLinks(subcurves, chains, links);
             links.clear();
             // Finally capture the bottom of the valid Y range as the top
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/awt/geom/Area/AreaPath2DDrawTest.java b/test/jdk/java/awt/geom/Area/AreaPath2DDrawTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..80f34ff7dab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/awt/geom/Area/AreaPath2DDrawTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug     8386576
+ * @summary Checks that when we draw a circle using area of approximated
+ *          straight line segments, no horizontal spurious lines are
+ *          drawn within the circle.
+ */
+
+import java.awt.Color;
+import java.awt.Graphics2D;
+import java.awt.geom.Area;
+import java.awt.geom.Path2D;
+import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
+
+public class AreaPath2DDrawTest {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        int size = 500;
+        int segments = 2000;
+        double center = size / 2.0;
+        double radius = size / 2.0;
+
+        // Build a simple closed polygon: a circle approximated by straight
+        // line segments.
+        Path2D.Double path = new Path2D.Double();
+        path.moveTo(center + radius, center);
+
+        for (int i = 1; i < segments; i++) {
+            double angle = 2.0 * Math.PI * i / segments;
+            path.lineTo(
+                center + Math.cos(angle) * radius,
+                center + Math.sin(angle) * radius);
+        }
+
+        path.closePath();
+
+        BufferedImage image =
+            new BufferedImage(size, size, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
+        Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics();
+        g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
+        g.fillRect(0, 0, size, size);
+        g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
+        g.draw(new Area(path));
+        g.dispose();
+
+        // We are drawing a circle with diameter of 500, check for horizontal
+        // spurious lines within the circle
+        for (int y = 10; y < size - 10; y++) {
+            int color = image.getRGB(size / 2, y);
+            if (color != Color.WHITE.getRGB()) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Seeing horizontal spurious" +
+                    " line at y: " + y);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

From 7327d051c89af427794971b608f3607ec361ee01 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: m0_52396356 <zhangyinuo@kylinos.cn>
Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 07:05:09 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 474/707] 8388366: Launcher test stability regardless of the
 default locale

Reviewed-by: naoto, jpai
---
 test/jdk/tools/launcher/Settings.java | 48 ++++++++++++++++-----------
 1 file changed, 29 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/launcher/Settings.java b/test/jdk/tools/launcher/Settings.java
index 18ae9b1113c..8e73aba5ca6 100644
--- a/test/jdk/tools/launcher/Settings.java
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/launcher/Settings.java
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ static void runTestOptionDefault() throws IOException {
             stackSize = 448;
         }
         TestResult tr;
-        tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-Xms64m", "-Xmx512m",
+        tr = doExecWithUSLocale(javaCmd, "-Xms64m", "-Xmx512m",
                 "-Xss" + stackSize + "k", "-XshowSettings", "-jar", testJar.getAbsolutePath());
         // Check the stack size logs printed by -XshowSettings to verify -Xss meaningfully.
         checkContains(tr, STACKSIZE_SETTINGS);
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ static void runTestOptionDefault() throws IOException {
             System.out.println(tr);
             throw new RuntimeException("test fails");
         }
-        tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-Xms65536k", "-Xmx712m",
+        tr = doExecWithUSLocale(javaCmd, "-Xms65536k", "-Xmx712m",
                 "-Xss" + (stackSize * 1024), "-XshowSettings", "-jar", testJar.getAbsolutePath());
         checkContains(tr, STACKSIZE_SETTINGS);
         containsDefaultOptions(tr);
@@ -174,14 +174,14 @@ static void runTestOptionDefault() throws IOException {
 
     static void runTestOptionAll() throws IOException {
         init();
-        TestResult tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:all");
+        TestResult tr = doExecWithUSLocale(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:all");
         tr.checkPositive();
         containsAllOptions(tr);
         checkNotContains(tr, USAGE_HEADER);
     }
 
     static void runTestOptionVM() throws IOException {
-        TestResult tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:vm");
+        TestResult tr = doExecWithUSLocale(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:vm");
         tr.checkPositive();
         checkContains(tr, VM_SETTINGS);
         checkNotContains(tr, PROP_SETTINGS);
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ static void runTestOptionVM() throws IOException {
     }
 
     static void runTestOptionProperty() throws IOException {
-        TestResult tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:properties");
+        TestResult tr = doExecWithUSLocale(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:properties");
         tr.checkPositive();
         checkNotContains(tr, VM_SETTINGS);
         checkContains(tr, PROP_SETTINGS);
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ static void runTestOptionProperty() throws IOException {
     }
 
     static void runTestOptionLocale() throws IOException {
-        TestResult tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:locale");
+        TestResult tr = doExecWithUSLocale(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:locale");
         tr.checkPositive();
         checkNotContains(tr, VM_SETTINGS);
         checkNotContains(tr, PROP_SETTINGS);
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ static void runTestOptionLocale() throws IOException {
     }
 
     static void runTestOptionSecurity() throws IOException {
-        TestResult tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:security");
+        TestResult tr = doExecWithUSLocale(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:security");
         tr.checkPositive();
         checkNotContains(tr, VM_SETTINGS);
         checkNotContains(tr, PROP_SETTINGS);
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ static void runTestOptionSecurity() throws IOException {
     }
 
     static void runTestOptionSecurityProps() throws IOException {
-        TestResult tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:security:properties");
+        TestResult tr = doExecWithUSLocale(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:security:properties");
         tr.checkPositive();
         checkContains(tr, SEC_PROPS_SETTINGS);
         checkNotContains(tr, SEC_PROVIDER_SETTINGS);
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ static void runTestOptionSecurityProps() throws IOException {
     }
 
     static void runTestOptionSecurityProv() throws IOException {
-        TestResult tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:security:providers");
+        TestResult tr = doExecWithUSLocale(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:security:providers");
         tr.checkPositive();
         checkNotContains(tr, SEC_PROPS_SETTINGS);
         checkContains(tr, SEC_PROVIDER_SETTINGS);
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ static void runTestOptionSecurityProv() throws IOException {
     }
 
     static void runTestOptionSecurityTLS() throws IOException {
-        TestResult tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:security:tls");
+        TestResult tr = doExecWithUSLocale(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:security:tls");
         tr.checkPositive();
         checkNotContains(tr, SEC_PROPS_SETTINGS);
         checkNotContains(tr, SEC_PROVIDER_SETTINGS);
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ static void runTestOptionSecurityTLS() throws IOException {
 
     // ensure error message is printed when unrecognized option used
     static void runTestOptionBadSecurityOption() throws IOException {
-        TestResult tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:security:bad");
+        TestResult tr = doExecWithUSLocale(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:security:bad");
         tr.checkNegative();
         checkContains(tr, BAD_SEC_OPTION_MSG);
         // we print all security settings in such scenario
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ static void runTestOptionBadSecurityOption() throws IOException {
         checkNotContains(tr, SEC_TLS_SETTINGS);
     }
     static void runTestOptionSystem() throws IOException {
-        TestResult tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:system");
+        TestResult tr = doExecWithUSLocale(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:system");
         tr.checkPositive();
         if (System.getProperty("os.name").contains("Linux")) {
             checkNotContains(tr, VM_SETTINGS);
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ static void runTestOptionSystem() throws IOException {
     }
 
     static void runTestBadOptions() throws IOException {
-        TestResult tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettingsBadOption");
+        TestResult tr = doExecWithUSLocale(javaCmd, "-XshowSettingsBadOption");
         tr.checkNegative();
         checkNotContains(tr, VM_SETTINGS);
         checkNotContains(tr, PROP_SETTINGS);
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ static void runTestBadOptions() throws IOException {
         checkContains(tr, "Unrecognized option: -XshowSettingsBadOption");
 
         // no such component option
-        tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:BadOption");
+        tr = doExecWithUSLocale(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:BadOption");
         tr.checkNegative();
         checkNotContains(tr, VM_SETTINGS);
         checkNotContains(tr, PROP_SETTINGS);
@@ -304,22 +304,22 @@ static void runTestBadOptions() throws IOException {
         checkContains(tr, ERR_MSG);
 
         // don't allow invalid sub options
-        tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:locale:bad");
+        tr = doExecWithUSLocale(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:locale:bad");
         tr.checkNegative();
         checkContains(tr, ERR_MSG);
 
         // don't allow ":" as an option
-        tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:");
+        tr = doExecWithUSLocale(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:");
         tr.checkNegative();
         checkContains(tr, ERR_MSG);
 
         // case-sensitive test
-        tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:VM");
+        tr = doExecWithUSLocale(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:VM");
         tr.checkNegative();
         checkContains(tr, ERR_MSG);
 
         // exclude this enum value
-        tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:empty");
+        tr = doExecWithUSLocale(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings:empty");
         tr.checkNegative();
         checkContains(tr, ERR_MSG);
 
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ static void runTestBadOptions() throws IOException {
     }
 
     static void runTest7123582() throws IOException {
-        TestResult tr = doExec(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings", "-version");
+        TestResult tr = doExecWithUSLocale(javaCmd, "-XshowSettings", "-version");
         if (!tr.isOK()) {
             System.out.println(tr);
             throw new RuntimeException("test fails");
@@ -335,6 +335,16 @@ static void runTest7123582() throws IOException {
         containsDefaultOptions(tr);
     }
 
+    private static TestResult doExecWithUSLocale(String command,
+                                                 String... args) {
+        String[] commandLine = new String[args.length + 3];
+        commandLine[0] = command;
+        commandLine[1] = "-Duser.language=en";
+        commandLine[2] = "-Duser.country=US";
+        System.arraycopy(args, 0, commandLine, 3, args.length);
+        return doExec(commandLine);
+    }
+
     public static void main(String... args) throws IOException {
         runTestOptionAll();
         runTestOptionDefault();

From c47e50e88d62af92d51dbfce452663f14ebff68e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 07:41:17 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 475/707] 8389379: [lworld] Calling convention mismatch when
 reaching stack argument limit

Co-authored-by: Christian Hagedorn <chagedorn@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: mchevalier, chagedorn
---
 src/hotspot/share/code/codeBlob.cpp           |  12 +-
 src/hotspot/share/code/codeBlob.hpp           |  16 +-
 src/hotspot/share/code/nmethod.cpp            |   2 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/output.cpp             |  27 ++-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp   |  39 +++-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmStructs.cpp       |   2 +-
 ...TestScalarizedCallingConventionLimits.java | 200 ++++++++++++++++++
 7 files changed, 270 insertions(+), 28 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestScalarizedCallingConventionLimits.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/codeBlob.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/codeBlob.cpp
index 88b61d8a44d..70aea006e16 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/codeBlob.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/codeBlob.cpp
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ unsigned int CodeBlob::allocation_size(CodeBuffer* cb, int header_size) {
 }
 
 CodeBlob::CodeBlob(const char* name, CodeBlobKind kind, CodeBuffer* cb, int size, uint16_t header_size,
-                   int16_t frame_complete_offset, int frame_size, OopMapSet* oop_maps, bool caller_must_gc_arguments,
+                   int frame_complete_offset, int frame_size, OopMapSet* oop_maps, bool caller_must_gc_arguments,
                    int mutable_data_size) :
   _oop_maps(nullptr), // will be set by set_oop_maps() call
   _name(name),
@@ -141,9 +141,9 @@ CodeBlob::CodeBlob(const char* name, CodeBlobKind kind, CodeBuffer* cb, int size
   _data_offset(_content_offset + align_up(cb->total_content_size(), oopSize)),
   _frame_size(frame_size),
   _mutable_data_size(mutable_data_size),
+  _frame_complete_offset(frame_complete_offset),
   S390_ONLY(_ctable_offset(0) COMMA)
   _header_size(header_size),
-  _frame_complete_offset(frame_complete_offset),
   _kind(kind),
   _caller_must_gc_arguments(caller_must_gc_arguments)
 {
@@ -183,9 +183,9 @@ CodeBlob::CodeBlob(const char* name, CodeBlobKind kind, int size, uint16_t heade
   _data_offset(size),
   _frame_size(0),
   _mutable_data_size(0),
+  _frame_complete_offset(CodeOffsets::frame_never_safe),
   S390_ONLY(_ctable_offset(0) COMMA)
   _header_size(header_size),
-  _frame_complete_offset(CodeOffsets::frame_never_safe),
   _kind(kind),
   _caller_must_gc_arguments(false)
 {
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ RuntimeBlob::RuntimeBlob(
   CodeBuffer* cb,
   int         size,
   uint16_t    header_size,
-  int16_t     frame_complete,
+  int         frame_complete,
   int         frame_size,
   OopMapSet*  oop_maps,
   bool        caller_must_gc_arguments)
@@ -603,7 +603,7 @@ RuntimeStub::RuntimeStub(
   const char* name,
   CodeBuffer* cb,
   int         size,
-  int16_t     frame_complete,
+  int         frame_complete,
   int         frame_size,
   OopMapSet*  oop_maps,
   bool        caller_must_gc_arguments
@@ -615,7 +615,7 @@ RuntimeStub::RuntimeStub(
 
 RuntimeStub* RuntimeStub::new_runtime_stub(const char* stub_name,
                                            CodeBuffer* cb,
-                                           int16_t frame_complete,
+                                           int frame_complete,
                                            int frame_size,
                                            OopMapSet* oop_maps,
                                            bool caller_must_gc_arguments,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/codeBlob.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/codeBlob.hpp
index 8cc6298d537..776f90e77a6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/codeBlob.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/codeBlob.hpp
@@ -125,14 +125,14 @@ class CodeBlob {
   int      _data_offset;           // offset to where data region begins
   int      _frame_size;            // size of stack frame in words (NOT slots. On x64 these are 64bit words)
   int      _mutable_data_size;
+  int      _frame_complete_offset; // instruction offsets in [0.._frame_complete_offset) have
+                                   // not finished setting up their frame. Beware of pc's in
+                                   // that range. There is a similar range(s) on returns
+                                   // which we don't detect.
 
   S390_ONLY(int _ctable_offset;)
 
   uint16_t _header_size;           // size of header (depends on subclass)
-  int16_t  _frame_complete_offset; // instruction offsets in [0.._frame_complete_offset) have
-                                   // not finished setting up their frame. Beware of pc's in
-                                   // that range. There is a similar range(s) on returns
-                                   // which we don't detect.
 
   CodeBlobKind _kind;              // Kind of this code blob
 
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ class CodeBlob {
   const Vptr* vptr() const;
 
   CodeBlob(const char* name, CodeBlobKind kind, CodeBuffer* cb, int size, uint16_t header_size,
-           int16_t frame_complete_offset, int frame_size, OopMapSet* oop_maps, bool caller_must_gc_arguments,
+           int frame_complete_offset, int frame_size, OopMapSet* oop_maps, bool caller_must_gc_arguments,
            int mutable_data_size);
 
   // Simple CodeBlob used for simple BufferBlob.
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ class RuntimeBlob : public CodeBlob {
     CodeBuffer* cb,
     int         size,
     uint16_t    header_size,
-    int16_t     frame_complete,
+    int         frame_complete,
     int         frame_size,
     OopMapSet*  oop_maps,
     bool        caller_must_gc_arguments = false
@@ -526,7 +526,7 @@ class RuntimeStub: public RuntimeBlob {
     const char* name,
     CodeBuffer* cb,
     int         size,
-    int16_t     frame_complete,
+    int         frame_complete,
     int         frame_size,
     OopMapSet*  oop_maps,
     bool        caller_must_gc_arguments
@@ -540,7 +540,7 @@ class RuntimeStub: public RuntimeBlob {
   static RuntimeStub* new_runtime_stub(
     const char* stub_name,
     CodeBuffer* cb,
-    int16_t     frame_complete,
+    int         frame_complete,
     int         frame_size,
     OopMapSet*  oop_maps,
     bool        caller_must_gc_arguments,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/nmethod.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/nmethod.cpp
index 3a8fd444f3b..c36582f7381 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/nmethod.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/nmethod.cpp
@@ -1174,6 +1174,8 @@ nmethod* nmethod::new_nmethod(const methodHandle& method,
 
 // Fill in default values for various fields
 void nmethod::init_defaults(CodeBuffer *code_buffer, CodeOffsets* offsets) {
+  assert(frame_complete_offset() == offsets->value(CodeOffsets::Frame_Complete), "offset truncated?");
+
   // avoid uninitialized fields, even for short time periods
   _exception_cache            = nullptr;
   _gc_data                    = nullptr;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/output.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/output.cpp
index a373c98666c..8abe61f698f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/output.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/output.cpp
@@ -1736,7 +1736,12 @@ void PhaseOutput::fill_buffer(C2_MacroAssembler* masm, uint* blk_starts) {
       }
 
       // Verify that there is sufficient space remaining
-      masm->code()->insts()->maybe_expand_to_ensure_remaining(MAX_inst_size);
+      uint required_size = MAX_inst_size;
+      if (n->is_MachVEP()) {
+        // MachVEPNodes can be much larger because they unpack all scalarized arguments.
+        required_size += n->as_Mach()->size(C->regalloc());
+      }
+      masm->code()->insts()->maybe_expand_to_ensure_remaining(required_size);
       if ((masm->code()->blob() == nullptr) || (!CompileBroker::should_compile_new_jobs())) {
         C->record_failure("CodeCache is full");
         return;
@@ -3181,26 +3186,34 @@ void PhaseOutput::init_scratch_buffer_blob(int const_size) {
     _scratch_const_size = const_size;
     int size = C2Compiler::initial_code_buffer_size(const_size);
     if (C->has_scalarized_args()) {
-      // Inline type entry points (MachVEPNodes) require lots of space for GC barriers and oop verification
-      // when loading object fields from the buffered argument. Increase scratch buffer size accordingly.
-      int barrier_size = 7;
+      // Inline type entry points (MachVEPNodes) require lots of space when
+      // unpacking fields from buffered arguments. Increase the scratch buffer
+      // for field moves, GC barriers and oop verification accordingly.
+      const int move_size = 32;
+      int barrier_size = 7; // Base oop load barrier
       DEBUG_ONLY(barrier_size += 37;)
       if (UseShenandoahGC) {
         barrier_size += 700;
       } else if (UseZGC) {
-        barrier_size += 200;
+        // Covers the worst-case x64 APX save/restore of all extended general purpose
+        // registers, including the slow-path jump triggered by ForceUnreachable.
+        barrier_size += 400;
       }
       ciMethod* method = C->method();
+      auto add_inline_arg_size = [&](ciInlineKlass* vk) {
+        size += vk->inline_arg_length() * move_size;
+        size += vk->oop_count() * barrier_size;
+      };
       int arg_num = 0;
       if (!method->is_static()) {
         if (method->is_scalarized_arg(arg_num)) {
-          size += method->holder()->as_inline_klass()->oop_count() * barrier_size;
+          add_inline_arg_size(method->holder()->as_inline_klass());
         }
         arg_num++;
       }
       for (ciSignatureStream str(method->signature()); !str.at_return_type(); str.next()) {
         if (method->is_scalarized_arg(arg_num)) {
-          size += str.type()->as_inline_klass()->oop_count() * barrier_size;
+          add_inline_arg_size(str.type()->as_inline_klass());
         }
         arg_num++;
       }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
index 87549f46034..c219c5c23ec 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
@@ -1241,8 +1241,9 @@ Handle SharedRuntime::find_callee_info_helper(vframeStream& vfst, Bytecodes::Cod
       }
     } else {
       assert(attached_method->has_scalarized_args(), "invalid use of attached method");
-      if (!attached_method->method_holder()->is_inline_klass() || attached_method->is_static()) {
-        // Ignore the attached method in this case to not confuse below code
+      if (attached_method->is_static() || !attached_method->is_scalarized_arg(0)) {
+        // Ignore the attached method if it is only needed to describe scalarized
+        // arguments. It remains attached to the call site for outgoing oop scanning.
         attached_method = methodHandle(current, nullptr);
       }
     }
@@ -2973,12 +2974,38 @@ void CompiledEntrySignature::compute_calling_conventions(bool link_time) {
     _c1_needs_stack_repair = (_args_on_stack_cc < _args_on_stack) || (_args_on_stack_cc_ro < _args_on_stack);
     _c2_needs_stack_repair = (_args_on_stack_cc > _args_on_stack) || (_args_on_stack_cc > _args_on_stack_cc_ro);
 
-    // Upper bound on stack arguments to avoid hitting the argument limit and
-    // bailing out of compilation ("unsupported incoming calling sequence").
-    // TODO 8281260 We need a reasonable limit (flag?) here
-    if (MAX2(_args_on_stack_cc, _args_on_stack_cc_ro) <= 75) {
+    // Limit the scalarized stack argument area to ensure that generated entry
+    // points fit into nmethod's uint16_t *_entry_offset fields.
+    const int max_stack_slots = 128;
+    if (MAX2(_args_on_stack_cc, _args_on_stack_cc_ro) <= max_stack_slots) {
       return; // Success
     }
+
+    // We exceeded the scalarized stack-slot limit. Check if not scalarizing the
+    // receiver would help. If so, use the receiver-as-oop convention for the
+    // method body but keep scalarizing the other arguments. This also preserves
+    // the convention used by calls through super methods.
+    if (_has_inline_recv && _args_on_stack_cc_ro <= max_stack_slots && _num_inline_args > 1) {
+      _sig_cc = _sig_cc_ro;
+      _args_on_stack_cc = SharedRuntime::java_calling_convention(_sig_cc, _regs_cc);
+      assert(_args_on_stack_cc == _args_on_stack_cc_ro, "calling conventions must match");
+      _has_inline_recv = false;
+      _num_inline_args--;
+      _c1_needs_stack_repair = _args_on_stack_cc < _args_on_stack;
+      _c2_needs_stack_repair = _args_on_stack_cc > _args_on_stack;
+      return; // Success
+    }
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    if (link_time) {
+      GrowableArray<Method*>* supers = get_supers();
+      for (int i = 0; i < supers->length(); ++i) {
+        Method* super_method = supers->at(i);
+        assert(super_method->mismatch() || !super_method->has_scalarized_args(),
+               "cannot fall back with a scalarized super method");
+      }
+    }
+#endif
   }
 
   // No scalarized args
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmStructs.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmStructs.cpp
index aed1f89d1fa..20245684710 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmStructs.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmStructs.cpp
@@ -498,7 +498,7 @@
   nonstatic_field(CodeBlob,                    _relocation_size,                              int)                                   \
   nonstatic_field(CodeBlob,                    _content_offset,                               int)                                   \
   nonstatic_field(CodeBlob,                    _code_offset,                                  int)                                   \
-  nonstatic_field(CodeBlob,                    _frame_complete_offset,                        int16_t)                               \
+  nonstatic_field(CodeBlob,                    _frame_complete_offset,                        int)                                   \
   nonstatic_field(CodeBlob,                    _data_offset,                                  int)                                   \
   nonstatic_field(CodeBlob,                    _frame_size,                                   int)                                   \
   nonstatic_field(CodeBlob,                    _oop_maps,                                     ImmutableOopMapSet*)                   \
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestScalarizedCallingConventionLimits.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestScalarizedCallingConventionLimits.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..054d8b63e69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestScalarizedCallingConventionLimits.java
@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8389379
+ * @key stress
+ * @summary Test scalarized calls and entry points around calling convention limits.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:-UseBimorphicInlining
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*GeneratedScalarizedCallingConventionLimits$ValueImpl*::m
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=inline,*GeneratedScalarizedCallingConventionLimits$IdentityImpl*::m
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*GeneratedScalarizedCallingConventionLimits*::m
+ *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+AbortVMOnCompilationFailure -XX:+VerifyOops -XX:+StressCodeBuffers -XX:+ForceUnreachable
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.util.function.IntFunction;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+import java.util.stream.IntStream;
+
+import compiler.lib.compile_framework.CompileFramework;
+import compiler.lib.template_framework.ScopeToken;
+import compiler.lib.template_framework.Template;
+
+import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.let;
+import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.scope;
+
+public class TestScalarizedCallingConventionLimits {
+    private static final String GENERATED_CLASS_NAME = "GeneratedScalarizedCallingConventionLimits";
+    private static final int ITERATIONS = 100_000;
+    private static final int MAX_ARGUMENT_COUNT = 30;
+    private static final int MAX_OOP_RECEIVER_FIELD_COUNT = 70;
+
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        CompileFramework compileFramework = new CompileFramework();
+        compileFramework.addJavaSourceCode(GENERATED_CLASS_NAME, generateSource());
+        compileFramework.compile("--enable-preview", "--source", System.getProperty("java.specification.version"));
+        compileFramework.invoke(GENERATED_CLASS_NAME, "run", new Object[] {});
+    }
+
+    private static String generateSource() {
+        return Template.make(() -> scope(
+                let("generatedClassName", GENERATED_CLASS_NAME),
+                let("iterations", ITERATIONS),
+                """
+                import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+                public class #generatedClassName {
+                    static final int ITERATIONS = #iterations;
+
+                    static int hash(Object... values) {
+                        int result = 1;
+                        for (Object value : values) {
+                            result = 31 * result + (int)value;
+                        }
+                        return result;
+                    }
+
+                """,
+            // Generate interfaces with value and identity-class implementations and a method
+            // with a varying number of arguments to stress test the calling convention.
+            loop(MAX_ARGUMENT_COUNT, argumentCount -> scope(
+                let("argumentCount", argumentCount),
+                let("classname", "ValueImpl" + argumentCount),
+                let("parameters", commaSeparated(argumentCount, i -> "Integer a" + i)),
+                let("parameterNames", commaSeparated(argumentCount, i -> "a" + i)),
+                let("arguments", commaSeparated(argumentCount, i -> Integer.toString(i + 1))),
+                """
+                    interface I#argumentCount {
+                        int m(#parameters);
+                    }
+
+                    static value class #classname implements I#argumentCount {
+                        int x, y, z;
+
+                        #classname(int x, int y, int z) {
+                            this.x = x;
+                            this.y = y;
+                            this.z = z;
+                        }
+
+                        @Override
+                        public int m(#parameters) {
+                            return hash(x, y, z, hash(#parameterNames));
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    static class IdentityImpl#argumentCount implements I#argumentCount {
+                        @Override
+                        public int m(#parameters) {
+                            return hash(#parameterNames);
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    static void test#argumentCount() {
+                        I#argumentCount value = new ValueImpl#argumentCount(42, 43, 44);
+                        I#argumentCount identity = new IdentityImpl#argumentCount();
+                        int argumentHash = hash(#arguments);
+                        int valueHash = hash(42, 43, 44, argumentHash);
+                        for (int i = 0; i < ITERATIONS; i++) {
+                            I#argumentCount receiver = (i & 1) == 0 ? value : identity;
+                            int actual = receiver.m(#arguments);
+                            int expected = (i & 1) == 0 ? valueHash : argumentHash;
+                            Asserts.assertEquals(expected, actual);
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                """)),
+            // Generate methods with a value class receiver with a varying number of oop fields to stress
+            // test code buffers during nmethod entry point generation (oops need GC barriers etc.)
+            loop(MAX_OOP_RECEIVER_FIELD_COUNT, fieldCount -> scope(
+                let("fieldCount", fieldCount),
+                let("arguments", commaSeparated(fieldCount, i -> "f" + i)),
+                """
+                    static value class OopReceiver#fieldCount {
+                """,
+            loop(fieldCount, i -> scope(
+               "        Object f" + i + ";\n")),
+                """
+
+                        OopReceiver#fieldCount(Object[] values) {
+                """,
+            loop(fieldCount, i -> scope(
+               "            this.f" + i + " = values[" + i + "];\n")),
+                """
+                        }
+
+                        int m() {
+                            return hash(#arguments);
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    static void testOopReceiver#fieldCount() {
+                        Object[] values = new Object[#fieldCount];
+                        for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
+                            values[i] = i;
+                        }
+                        int valuesHash = hash(values);
+                        OopReceiver#fieldCount receiver = new OopReceiver#fieldCount(values);
+                        for (int i = 0; i < ITERATIONS; i++) {
+                            Asserts.assertEquals(valuesHash, receiver.m());
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                """)),
+                """
+                    public static void run() {
+                """,
+            loop(MAX_ARGUMENT_COUNT, i -> scope(
+               "        test" + i + "();\n")),
+            loop(MAX_OOP_RECEIVER_FIELD_COUNT, i -> scope(
+               "        testOopReceiver" + i + "();\n")),
+                """
+                    }
+                }
+                """
+        )).render();
+    }
+
+    private static String commaSeparated(int count, IntFunction<String> element) {
+        return IntStream.range(0, count).mapToObj(element).collect(Collectors.joining(", "));
+    }
+
+    private static List<ScopeToken> loop(int limit, IntFunction<ScopeToken> function) {
+        return IntStream.range(0, limit)
+                        .mapToObj(function)
+                        .toList();
+    }
+}
+

From 82b8c3cd3843744efc201959da160ef9cdbe2794 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yasumasa Suenaga <ysuenaga@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 07:59:11 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 476/707] 8389870: Object histogram in SA cannot identify
 FlatArrayKlass

Reviewed-by: ayang, fparain, cjplummer, sspitsyn
---
 .../share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/FlatArrayKlass.java | 7 ++++---
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/FlatArrayKlass.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/FlatArrayKlass.java
index 4cafad9e5ee..082777d27b5 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/FlatArrayKlass.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/FlatArrayKlass.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 
 // FlatArrayKlass is a proxy for FlatArrayKlass in the JVM
 
-public class FlatArrayKlass extends ArrayKlass {
+public class FlatArrayKlass extends ObjArrayKlass {
   static {
     VM.registerVMInitializedObserver(new Observer() {
         public void update(Observable o, Object data) {
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ public FlatArrayKlass(Address addr) {
   }
 
   public void printValueOn(PrintStream tty) {
-    tty.print("FlatArrayKlass");
+    tty.print("FlatArrayKlass for ");
+    getElementKlass().printValueOn(tty);
   }
 }

From 9b357dac1fb9503eb66d4c80690fe85881b5bc77 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Manuel=20H=C3=A4ssig?= <mhaessig@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 08:38:30 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 477/707] 8386708: C1: hoisted StringUTF16.getChar before
 checkIndex, leads to SIGSEGV

Co-authored-by: Emanuel Peter <epeter@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: qamai, dlong
---
 src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_GraphBuilder.cpp      |  24 ++++-
 .../c1/TestIntrinsicLoadSegfault.java         | 100 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 121 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/TestIntrinsicLoadSegfault.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_GraphBuilder.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_GraphBuilder.cpp
index ce5e9a2c10f..115751b129a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_GraphBuilder.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_GraphBuilder.cpp
@@ -4753,7 +4753,6 @@ void GraphBuilder::append_char_access(ciMethod* callee, bool is_store) {
           "sanity: byte[] and char[] scales agree");
 
   ValueStack* state_before = copy_state_indexed_access();
-  compilation()->set_has_access_indexed(true);
   Values* args = state()->pop_arguments(callee->arg_size());
   Value array = args->at(0);
   Value index = args->at(1);
@@ -4762,10 +4761,29 @@ void GraphBuilder::append_char_access(ciMethod* callee, bool is_store) {
     Instruction* store = append(new StoreIndexed(array, index, nullptr, T_CHAR, value, state_before, false, true));
     store->set_flag(Instruction::NeedsRangeCheckFlag, false);
     _memory->store_value(value);
+    compilation()->set_has_access_indexed(true);
   } else {
-    Instruction* load = append(new LoadIndexed(array, index, nullptr, T_CHAR, state_before, true));
-    load->set_flag(Instruction::NeedsRangeCheckFlag, false);
+    // The getChar() method in Java is preceded by a checkIndex() that performs the effective range check.
+    // However, this means that the load must not float over the check. That we cannot guarantee with a LoadIndexed,
+    // in particular LICM will hoist such accesses. For this reason we use an UnsafeGet access to pin the load.
+    // This means we need to emit a null check on the array manually.
+    null_check(array);
+    // Further, we also need to compute the offset into the array from the index. Since we are accessing
+    // a byte[] as char[] we can calculate the offset as
+    //   offset = base(T_BYTE) + 2 * ((long) index) = base(T_BYTE) + ((long) index) << (int)1.
+    Value index_long = append(new Convert(Bytecodes::_i2l, index, as_ValueType(T_LONG)));
+    Value one = append(new Constant(new IntConstant(1)));
+    Value index_scaled = append(new ShiftOp(Bytecodes::_lshl, index_long, one));
+    Value base = append(new Constant(new LongConstant(arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_BYTE))));
+    Value offset = append(new ArithmeticOp(Bytecodes::_ladd, base, index_scaled, state_before));
+
+#ifndef _LP64
+    offset = append(new Convert(Bytecodes::_l2i, offset, as_ValueType(T_INT)));
+#endif // _LP64
+
+    Instruction* load = append(new UnsafeGet(T_CHAR, array, offset, false));
     push(load->type(), load);
+    compilation()->set_has_unsafe_access(true);
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/TestIntrinsicLoadSegfault.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/TestIntrinsicLoadSegfault.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b1dc7ca7257
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c1/TestIntrinsicLoadSegfault.java
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test that C1 does not wrongly hoist loop independent intrinsic loads above their corresponding checks.
+ * @bug 8386708
+ * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test*
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.c1;
+
+public class TestIntrinsicLoadSegfault {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; i++) {
+            try {
+                testCharAt();
+            } catch (StringIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { }
+            try {
+                testCodePointAt();
+            } catch (StringIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { }
+            try {
+                testCodePointBefore();
+            } catch (StringIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { }
+            try {
+                testBuilderCharAt();
+            } catch (StringIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { }
+            try {
+                testBuilderCodePointAt();
+            } catch (StringIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { }
+            try {
+                testBuilderCodePointBefore();
+            } catch (StringIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testCharAt() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            // C1 hoists range-check-free LoadIndex out of the loop,
+            // before the String.checkIndex guard makes it safe.
+            // The index is obviously far out of bounds, which
+            // is likely to go to unmapped memory and cause a segfault.
+            "\u266B".charAt(1000_000_000);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testCodePointAt() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            "\u266B".codePointAt(1000_000_000);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testCodePointBefore() {
+        for (int i = -1; i < 10; i++) {
+            "\u265B".codePointBefore(1000_000_000);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testBuilderCharAt() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            new StringBuilder("\u266B").charAt(1000_000_000);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testBuilderCodePointAt() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            new StringBuilder("\u266B").codePointAt(1000_000_000);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testBuilderCodePointBefore() {
+        for (int i = -1; i < 10; i++) {
+            new StringBuilder("\u265B").codePointBefore(1000_000_000);
+        }
+    }
+}

From 72df83015f387db979db759540f718f30b316634 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ivan Walulya <iwalulya@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 10:43:16 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 478/707] 8387299: G1: Use num_regions naming consistently for
 region counts

Reviewed-by: stefank, tschatzl
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1AllocRegion.cpp     | 16 +++----
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1AllocRegion.hpp     | 10 ++--
 .../share/gc/g1/g1AllocRegion.inline.hpp      | 12 ++---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Allocator.cpp       | 10 ++--
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp   | 22 ++++-----
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp   | 14 +++---
 .../share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp    |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp   |  4 +-
 .../gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkRemarkTasks.cpp     |  2 +-
 .../share/gc/g1/g1FullGCCompactionPoint.cpp   | 12 ++---
 .../share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionManager.cpp       |  4 +-
 .../share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionManager.hpp       |  6 +--
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionSet.cpp   | 44 +++++++++---------
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionSet.hpp   | 39 ++++++++--------
 .../share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionSet.inline.hpp    | 18 ++++----
 .../share/gc/g1/g1HeapSizingPolicy.cpp        |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapTransition.cpp  | 46 +++++++++----------
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapVerifier.cpp    | 20 ++++----
 .../share/gc/g1/g1MonitoringSupport.cpp       |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp          | 34 +++++++-------
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.hpp          | 10 ++--
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.cpp  | 14 +++---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.hpp  |  6 +--
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungRegions.cpp    |  4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungRegions.hpp    | 12 +++--
 src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/vmStructs_g1.hpp      |  2 +-
 .../hotspot/gc/g1/G1HeapRegionSetBase.java    | 12 ++---
 .../sun/jvm/hotspot/tools/HeapSummary.java    |  4 +-
 .../gtest/gc/g1/test_freeRegionList.cpp       |  4 +-
 29 files changed, 194 insertions(+), 193 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1AllocRegion.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1AllocRegion.cpp
index 1af7638102a..2e733df332e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1AllocRegion.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1AllocRegion.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -156,13 +156,13 @@ void G1AllocRegion::init() {
   assert_alloc_region(_alloc_region.load_relaxed() == nullptr, "pre-condition");
   assert_alloc_region(_dummy_region.load_relaxed() != nullptr, "should have been set");
   _alloc_region.release_store(_dummy_region.load_relaxed());
-  _count = 0;
+  _num_regions_used = 0;
   trace("initialized");
 }
 
 void G1AllocRegion::set(G1HeapRegion* alloc_region) {
   trace("setting");
-  assert_alloc_region(_alloc_region.load_relaxed() == _dummy_region.load_relaxed() && _count == 0, "pre-condition");
+  assert_alloc_region(_alloc_region.load_relaxed() == _dummy_region.load_relaxed() && _num_regions_used == 0, "pre-condition");
 
   update_alloc_region(alloc_region);
   trace("set");
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ void G1AllocRegion::update_alloc_region(G1HeapRegion* alloc_region) {
   assert_alloc_region(alloc_region != nullptr && !alloc_region->is_empty(), "pre-condition");
 
   _alloc_region.release_store(alloc_region);
-  _count += 1;
+  _num_regions_used += 1;
   trace("updated");
 }
 
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ void G1AllocRegion::trace(const char* str, size_t min_word_size, size_t desired_
     LogStream ls_debug(log.debug());
     outputStream* out = detailed_info ? &ls_trace : &ls_debug;
 
-    out->print("%s: %u ", _name, _count);
+    out->print("%s: %u ", _name, _num_regions_used);
 
     G1HeapRegion* alloc_region = _alloc_region.load_acquire();
     if (alloc_region == nullptr) {
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ void G1AllocRegion::trace(const char* str, size_t min_word_size, size_t desired_
 
 G1AllocRegion::G1AllocRegion(const char* name, uint node_index)
   : _alloc_region(),
-    _count(0),
+    _num_regions_used(0),
     _name(name),
     _node_index(node_index)
  { }
@@ -321,10 +321,10 @@ G1HeapRegion* MutatorAllocRegion::release() {
     _retained_alloc_region.store_relaxed(nullptr);
   }
   log_debug(gc, alloc, region)("Mutator Allocation stats, regions: %u, wasted size: %zu%s (%4.1f%%)",
-                               count(),
+                               num_regions_used(),
                                byte_size_in_proper_unit(_wasted_bytes),
                                proper_unit_for_byte_size(_wasted_bytes),
-                               percent_of(_wasted_bytes, count() * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes));
+                               percent_of(_wasted_bytes, num_regions_used() * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes));
   return ret;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1AllocRegion.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1AllocRegion.hpp
index d21c6b0b43c..ccf54777b38 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1AllocRegion.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1AllocRegion.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -55,12 +55,12 @@ class G1AllocRegion : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
 
   // It keeps track of the distinct number of regions that are used
   // for allocation in the active interval of this object, i.e.,
-  // between a call to init() and a call to release(). The count
+  // between a call to init() and a call to release(). The number
   // mostly includes regions that are freshly allocated, as well as
-  // the region that is re-used using the set() method. This count can
+  // the region that is re-used using the set() method. This number can
   // be used in any heuristics that might want to bound how many
   // distinct regions this object can used during an active interval.
-  uint _count;
+  uint _num_regions_used;
 
   // Useful for debugging and tracing.
   const char* _name;
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class G1AllocRegion : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
     return (hr == _dummy_region.load_relaxed()) ? nullptr : hr;
   }
 
-  uint count() { return _count; }
+  uint num_regions_used() { return _num_regions_used; }
 
   // The following two are the building blocks for the allocation method.
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1AllocRegion.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1AllocRegion.inline.hpp
index a1b4f73378d..cf2bf51dbf7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1AllocRegion.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1AllocRegion.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@
 
 #include "gc/g1/g1HeapRegion.inline.hpp"
 
-#define assert_alloc_region(p, message)                                  \
-  do {                                                                   \
-    assert((p), "[%s] %s c: %u r: " PTR_FORMAT,                          \
-           _name, (message), _count, p2i(_alloc_region.load_relaxed())   \
-          );                                                             \
+#define assert_alloc_region(p, message)                                           \
+  do {                                                                            \
+    assert((p), "[%s] %s num regions used: %u r: " PTR_FORMAT,                    \
+           _name, (message), _num_regions_used, p2i(_alloc_region.load_relaxed()) \
+          );                                                                      \
   } while (0)
 
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Allocator.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Allocator.cpp
index e9d1c13af7a..5815b0b4859 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Allocator.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Allocator.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -148,13 +148,13 @@ void G1Allocator::init_gc_alloc_regions(G1EvacInfo* evacuation_info) {
 }
 
 void G1Allocator::release_gc_alloc_regions(G1EvacInfo* evacuation_info) {
-  uint survivor_region_count = 0;
+  uint num_survivor_regions = 0;
   for (uint node_index = 0; node_index < _num_alloc_regions; node_index++) {
-    survivor_region_count += survivor_gc_alloc_region(node_index)->count();
+    num_survivor_regions += survivor_gc_alloc_region(node_index)->num_regions_used();
     survivor_gc_alloc_region(node_index)->release();
   }
-  evacuation_info->set_allocation_regions(survivor_region_count +
-                                          old_gc_alloc_region()->count());
+  evacuation_info->set_allocation_regions(num_survivor_regions +
+                                          old_gc_alloc_region()->num_regions_used());
 
   // If we have an old GC alloc region to release, we'll save it in
   // _retained_old_gc_alloc_region. If we don't
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
index f60ce9b15b4..6d713ff8e1e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.cpp
@@ -2298,7 +2298,7 @@ size_t G1CollectedHeap::tlab_capacity() const {
 }
 
 size_t G1CollectedHeap::tlab_used() const {
-  return _eden.length() * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes;
+  return _eden.num_regions() * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes;
 }
 
 // For G1 TLABs should not contain humongous objects, so the maximum TLAB size
@@ -2370,8 +2370,8 @@ void G1CollectedHeap::print_heap_regions() const {
   }
 }
 
-static void print_region_type(outputStream* st, const char* type, uint count, bool last = false) {
-  st->print("%u %s (%zuM)%s", count, type, count * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes / M, last ? "\n" : ", ");
+static void print_region_type(outputStream* st, const char* type, uint num_regions, bool last = false) {
+  st->print("%u %s (%zuM)%s", num_regions, type, num_regions * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes / M, last ? "\n" : ", ");
 }
 
 void G1CollectedHeap::print_heap_on(outputStream* st) const {
@@ -2387,10 +2387,10 @@ void G1CollectedHeap::print_heap_on(outputStream* st) const {
 
   StreamIndentor si(st, 1);
   st->print("region size %zuM, ", G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes / M);
-  print_region_type(st, "eden", eden_regions_count());
-  print_region_type(st, "survivor", survivor_regions_count());
-  print_region_type(st, "old", old_regions_count());
-  print_region_type(st, "humongous", humongous_regions_count());
+  print_region_type(st, "eden", num_eden_regions());
+  print_region_type(st, "survivor", num_survivor_regions());
+  print_region_type(st, "old", num_old_regions());
+  print_region_type(st, "humongous", num_humongous_regions());
   print_region_type(st, "free", num_free_regions(), true /* last */);
 
   if (_numa->is_enabled()) {
@@ -2624,7 +2624,7 @@ void G1CollectedHeap::start_new_collection_set() {
 
   clear_region_attr();
 
-  guarantee(_eden.length() == 0, "eden should have been cleared");
+  guarantee(_eden.num_regions() == 0, "eden should have been cleared");
   policy()->transfer_survivors_to_cset(survivor());
 
   // We redo the verification but now wrt to the new CSet which
@@ -2972,7 +2972,7 @@ void G1CollectedHeap::abandon_collection_set() {
 }
 
 size_t G1CollectedHeap::non_young_occupancy_after_allocation(size_t allocation_word_size) const {
-  const size_t cur_occupancy = (old_regions_count() + humongous_regions_count()) * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes -
+  const size_t cur_occupancy = (num_old_regions() + num_humongous_regions()) * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes -
                                _allocator->free_bytes_in_retained_old_region();
   // Humongous allocations will always be assigned to non-young heap, so consider
   // that allocation in the result as well. Otherwise the allocation will always
@@ -3003,7 +3003,7 @@ class NoYoungRegionsClosure: public G1HeapRegionClosure {
 };
 
 bool G1CollectedHeap::check_no_young_regions() {
-  bool ret = (young_regions_count() == 0);
+  bool ret = (num_young_regions() == 0);
 
   NoYoungRegionsClosure closure;
   heap_region_iterate(&closure);
@@ -3165,7 +3165,7 @@ bool G1CollectedHeap::has_more_regions(G1HeapRegionAttr dest) {
   if (dest.is_old()) {
     return true;
   } else {
-    return survivor_regions_count() < policy()->max_survivor_regions();
+    return num_survivor_regions() < policy()->max_survivor_regions();
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
index 7065af13c77..5480b5684c4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp
@@ -1240,15 +1240,15 @@ class G1CollectedHeap : public CollectedHeap {
   G1SurvivorRegions* survivor() { return &_survivor; }
 
   inline uint target_num_eden_regions() const;
-  uint eden_regions_count() const { return _eden.length(); }
-  uint eden_regions_count(uint node_index) const { return _eden.regions_on_node(node_index); }
-  uint survivor_regions_count() const { return _survivor.length(); }
-  uint survivor_regions_count(uint node_index) const { return _survivor.regions_on_node(node_index); }
+  uint num_eden_regions() const { return _eden.num_regions(); }
+  uint num_eden_regions(uint node_index) const { return _eden.regions_on_node(node_index); }
+  uint num_survivor_regions() const { return _survivor.num_regions(); }
+  uint num_survivor_regions(uint node_index) const { return _survivor.regions_on_node(node_index); }
   size_t eden_regions_used_bytes() const { return _eden.used_bytes(); }
   size_t survivor_regions_used_bytes() const { return _survivor.used_bytes(); }
-  uint young_regions_count() const { return _eden.length() + _survivor.length(); }
-  uint old_regions_count() const { return _old_set.length(); }
-  uint humongous_regions_count() const { return _humongous_set.length(); }
+  uint num_young_regions() const { return _eden.num_regions() + _survivor.num_regions(); }
+  uint num_old_regions() const { return _old_set.num_regions(); }
+  uint num_humongous_regions() const { return _humongous_set.num_regions(); }
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
   bool check_no_young_regions();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp
index eca66a96608..6a0ddb66656 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ inline bool G1CollectedHeap::is_collection_set_candidate(const G1HeapRegion* r)
 }
 
 inline uint G1CollectedHeap::target_num_eden_regions() const {
-  return _policy->target_num_young_regions() - survivor_regions_count();
+  return _policy->target_num_young_regions() - num_survivor_regions();
 }
 
 #endif // SHARE_GC_G1_G1COLLECTEDHEAP_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp
index 3a086d8b09b..ca32759b54d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1CollectionSet.cpp
@@ -336,8 +336,8 @@ double G1CollectionSet::finalize_young_part(double target_pause_time_ms, G1Survi
   // survivor regions from the previous pause:
   //   [Eden regions ++ Survivors from last pause].
 
-  uint num_eden_regions = _g1h->eden_regions_count();
-  uint num_survivor_regions = survivors->length();
+  uint num_eden_regions = _g1h->num_eden_regions();
+  uint num_survivor_regions = survivors->num_regions();
   prepare_for_collection(num_eden_regions, num_survivor_regions);
 
   verify_young_cset_indices();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkRemarkTasks.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkRemarkTasks.cpp
index 02c1d2bf0d3..a7fcc566d61 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkRemarkTasks.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMarkRemarkTasks.cpp
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ G1UpdateRegionLivenessAndSelectForRebuildTask::G1UpdateRegionLivenessAndSelectFo
 
 G1UpdateRegionLivenessAndSelectForRebuildTask::~G1UpdateRegionLivenessAndSelectForRebuildTask() {
   if (!_cleanup_list.is_empty()) {
-    log_debug(gc)("Reclaimed %u empty regions", _cleanup_list.length());
+    log_debug(gc)("Reclaimed %u empty regions", _cleanup_list.num_regions());
     // And actually make them available.
     _g1h->prepend_to_freelist(&_cleanup_list);
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCCompactionPoint.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCCompactionPoint.cpp
index d9d1957fc72..ca5b17a39de 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCCompactionPoint.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1FullGCCompactionPoint.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -193,26 +193,26 @@ uint G1FullGCCompactionPoint::find_contiguous_before(G1HeapRegion* hr, uint num_
     return 0;
   }
 
-  uint contiguous_region_count = 1;
+  uint num_contiguous_regions = 1;
 
   uint range_end = 1;
   uint range_limit = (uint)_compaction_regions->length();
 
   for (; range_end < range_limit; range_end++) {
-    if (contiguous_region_count == num_regions) {
+    if (num_contiguous_regions == num_regions) {
       break;
     }
     // Check if the current region and the previous region are contiguous.
     bool regions_are_contiguous = (_compaction_regions->at(range_end)->hrm_index() - _compaction_regions->at(range_end - 1)->hrm_index()) == 1;
-    contiguous_region_count = regions_are_contiguous ? contiguous_region_count + 1 : 1;
+    num_contiguous_regions = regions_are_contiguous ? num_contiguous_regions + 1 : 1;
   }
 
-  if (contiguous_region_count < num_regions &&
+  if (num_contiguous_regions < num_regions &&
       hr->hrm_index() - _compaction_regions->at(range_end-1)->hrm_index() != 1) {
     // We reached the end but the final region is not contiguous with the target region;
     // no contiguous regions to move to.
     return UINT_MAX;
   }
   // Return the index of the first region in the range of contiguous regions.
-  return range_end - contiguous_region_count;
+  return range_end - num_contiguous_regions;
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionManager.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionManager.cpp
index 214f1a2d2b6..68ea6b60a4e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionManager.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionManager.cpp
@@ -530,7 +530,7 @@ void G1HeapRegionManager::iterate(G1HeapRegionIndexClosure* blk) const {
   }
 }
 
-bool G1HeapRegionManager::allocate_containing_regions(MemRegion range, size_t* commit_count, WorkerThreads* pretouch_workers) {
+bool G1HeapRegionManager::allocate_containing_regions(MemRegion range, size_t* num_regions_committed, WorkerThreads* pretouch_workers) {
   size_t commits = 0;
   uint start_index = (uint)_regions.get_index_by_address(range.start());
   uint last_index = (uint)_regions.get_index_by_address(range.last());
@@ -549,7 +549,7 @@ bool G1HeapRegionManager::allocate_containing_regions(MemRegion range, size_t* c
   }
 
   allocate_free_regions_starting_at(start_index, (last_index - start_index) + 1);
-  *commit_count = commits;
+  *num_regions_committed = commits;
   return true;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionManager.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionManager.hpp
index e24610c55d8..37cf89661ac 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionManager.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionManager.hpp
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ class G1HeapRegionManager: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
 
   // Return the number of committed free regions in the heap.
   uint num_free_regions() const {
-    return _free_list.length();
+    return _free_list.num_regions();
   }
 
   uint num_used_regions() const { return num_committed_regions() - num_free_regions(); }
@@ -259,8 +259,8 @@ class G1HeapRegionManager: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
 
   // Allocate the regions that contain the address range specified, committing the
   // regions if necessary. Return false if any of the regions is already committed
-  // and not free, and return the number of regions newly committed in commit_count.
-  bool allocate_containing_regions(MemRegion range, size_t* commit_count, WorkerThreads* pretouch_workers);
+  // and not free, and return the number of regions newly committed in num_regions_committed.
+  bool allocate_containing_regions(MemRegion range, size_t* num_regions_committed, WorkerThreads* pretouch_workers);
 
   // Apply blk->do_heap_region() on all committed regions in address order,
   // terminating the iteration early if do_heap_region() returns true.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionSet.cpp
index 930a4bd953f..24888421c4f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionSet.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@ void G1HeapRegionSetBase::verify() {
   // verification might fail and send us on a wild goose chase.
   check_mt_safety();
 
-  guarantee_heap_region_set(( is_empty() && length() == 0) ||
-                            (!is_empty() && length() > 0),
+  guarantee_heap_region_set(( is_empty() && num_regions() == 0) ||
+                            (!is_empty() && num_regions() > 0),
                             "invariant");
 }
 
@@ -75,11 +75,11 @@ void G1HeapRegionSetBase::print_on(outputStream* out, bool print_contents) {
   out->cr();
   out->print_cr("Set: %s (" PTR_FORMAT ")", name(), p2i(this));
   out->print_cr("  Region Type         : %s", _checker->get_description());
-  out->print_cr("  Length              : %14u", length());
+  out->print_cr("  Regions             : %14u", num_regions());
 }
 
 G1HeapRegionSetBase::G1HeapRegionSetBase(const char* name, G1HeapRegionSetChecker* checker)
-  : _checker(checker), _length(0), _name(name), _verify_in_progress(false)
+  : _checker(checker), _num_regions(0), _name(name), _verify_in_progress(false)
 {
 }
 
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ void G1FreeRegionList::add_list_common_start(G1FreeRegionList* from_list) {
 }
 
 void G1FreeRegionList::add_list_common_end(G1FreeRegionList* from_list) {
-  _length += from_list->length();
+  _num_regions += from_list->num_regions();
   from_list->clear();
 
   verify_optional();
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ void G1FreeRegionList::append_ordered(G1FreeRegionList* from_list) {
 
   if (is_empty()) {
     // Make from_list the current list.
-    assert_free_region_list(length() == 0 && _tail == nullptr, "invariant");
+    assert_free_region_list(num_regions() == 0 && _tail == nullptr, "invariant");
     _head = from_list->_head;
     _tail = from_list->_tail;
   } else {
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ void G1FreeRegionList::add_ordered(G1FreeRegionList* from_list) {
   }
 
   if (is_empty()) {
-    assert_free_region_list(length() == 0 && _tail == nullptr, "invariant");
+    assert_free_region_list(num_regions() == 0 && _tail == nullptr, "invariant");
     _head = from_list->_head;
     _tail = from_list->_tail;
   } else {
@@ -243,14 +243,14 @@ void G1FreeRegionList::verify_region_to_remove(G1HeapRegion* curr, G1HeapRegion*
 }
 #endif
 
-void G1FreeRegionList::remove_starting_at(G1HeapRegion* first, uint num_regions) {
+void G1FreeRegionList::remove_starting_at(G1HeapRegion* first, uint num_regions_to_remove) {
   check_mt_safety();
-  assert_free_region_list(num_regions >= 1, "pre-condition");
+  assert_free_region_list(num_regions_to_remove >= 1, "pre-condition");
   assert_free_region_list(!is_empty(), "pre-condition");
-  assert_free_region_list(length() >= num_regions, "pre-condition");
+  assert_free_region_list(num_regions() >= num_regions_to_remove, "pre-condition");
 
   verify_optional();
-  DEBUG_ONLY(uint old_length = length();)
+  DEBUG_ONLY(uint old_length = num_regions();)
 
   // prev points to the node right before first or null when first == _head
   G1HeapRegion* const prev = first->prev();
@@ -260,8 +260,8 @@ void G1FreeRegionList::remove_starting_at(G1HeapRegion* first, uint num_regions)
   G1HeapRegion* next = first->next();
 
   G1HeapRegion* curr = first;
-  uint count = 0;
-  while (count < num_regions) {
+  uint num_regions_removed = 0;
+  while (num_regions_removed < num_regions_to_remove) {
     verify_region(curr);
     next = curr->next();
     verify_region_to_remove(curr, next);
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ void G1FreeRegionList::remove_starting_at(G1HeapRegion* first, uint num_regions)
     curr->set_prev(nullptr);
     remove(curr);
 
-    count++;
+    num_regions_removed++;
 
     decrease_length(curr->node_index());
 
@@ -292,13 +292,13 @@ void G1FreeRegionList::remove_starting_at(G1HeapRegion* first, uint num_regions)
     next->set_prev(prev);
   }
 
-  assert(count == num_regions,
+  assert(num_regions_removed == num_regions_to_remove,
          "[%s] count: %u should be == num_regions: %u",
-         name(), count, num_regions);
-  assert(length() + num_regions == old_length,
+         name(), num_regions_removed, num_regions_to_remove);
+  assert(num_regions() + num_regions_to_remove == old_length,
          "[%s] new length should be consistent "
          "new length: %u old length: %u num_regions: %u",
-         name(), length(), old_length, num_regions);
+         name(), num_regions(), old_length, num_regions_to_remove);
 
   verify_optional();
 }
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ void G1FreeRegionList::verify() {
 }
 
 void G1FreeRegionList::clear() {
-  _length = 0;
+  _num_regions = 0;
   _head = nullptr;
   _tail = nullptr;
   _last = nullptr;
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ void G1FreeRegionList::verify_list() {
     count++;
     guarantee(count < _unrealistically_long_length,
               "[%s] the calculated length: %u seems very long, is there maybe a cycle? curr: " PTR_FORMAT " prev0: " PTR_FORMAT " " "prev1: " PTR_FORMAT " length: %u",
-              name(), count, p2i(curr), p2i(prev0), p2i(prev1), length());
+              name(), count, p2i(curr), p2i(prev0), p2i(prev1), num_regions());
 
     if (curr->next() != nullptr) {
       guarantee(curr->next()->prev() == curr, "Next or prev pointers messed up");
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ void G1FreeRegionList::verify_list() {
 
   guarantee(_tail == prev0, "Expected %s to end with %u but it ended with %u.", name(), _tail->hrm_index(), prev0->hrm_index());
   guarantee(_tail == nullptr || _tail->next() == nullptr, "_tail should not have a next");
-  guarantee(length() == count, "%s count mismatch. Expected %u, actual %u.", name(), length(), count);
+  guarantee(num_regions() == count, "%s count mismatch. Expected %u, actual %u.", name(), num_regions(), count);
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionSet.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionSet.hpp
index 19e98e8c54c..a98397ad011 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionSet.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionSet.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -28,22 +28,22 @@
 #include "gc/g1/g1HeapRegion.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 
-#define assert_heap_region_set(p, message) \
-  do {                                     \
-    assert((p), "[%s] %s ln: %u",          \
-           name(), message, length());     \
+#define assert_heap_region_set(p, message)  \
+  do {                                      \
+    assert((p), "[%s] %s num regions: %u",  \
+           name(), message, num_regions()); \
   } while (0)
 
-#define guarantee_heap_region_set(p, message) \
-  do {                                        \
-    guarantee((p), "[%s] %s ln: %u",          \
-              name(), message, length());     \
+#define guarantee_heap_region_set(p, message)  \
+  do {                                         \
+    guarantee((p), "[%s] %s num regions: %u",  \
+              name(), message, num_regions()); \
   } while (0)
 
 #define assert_free_region_list(p, message)                          \
   do {                                                               \
     assert((p), "[%s] %s ln: %u hd: " PTR_FORMAT " tl: " PTR_FORMAT, \
-           name(), message, length(), p2i(_head), p2i(_tail));       \
+           name(), message, num_regions(), p2i(_head), p2i(_tail));  \
   } while (0)
 
 
@@ -59,10 +59,9 @@ class G1HeapRegionSetChecker : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   virtual const char* get_description() = 0;
 };
 
-// Base class for all the classes that represent heap region sets. It
-// contains the basic attributes that each set needs to maintain
-// (e.g., length, region num, used bytes sum) plus any shared
-// functionality (e.g., verification).
+// Base class for all the classes that represent heap region sets. It contains the
+// basic attributes that each set needs to maintain (e.g., number of regions) plus
+// any shared functionality (e.g., verification).
 
 class G1HeapRegionSetBase {
   friend class VMStructs;
@@ -70,8 +69,8 @@ class G1HeapRegionSetBase {
   G1HeapRegionSetChecker* _checker;
 
 protected:
-  // The number of regions in to the set.
-  uint _length;
+  // The number of regions in the set.
+  uint _num_regions;
 
   const char* _name;
 
@@ -92,9 +91,9 @@ class G1HeapRegionSetBase {
 public:
   const char* name() { return _name; }
 
-  uint length() const { return _length; }
+  uint num_regions() const { return _num_regions; }
 
-  bool is_empty() { return _length == 0; }
+  bool is_empty() { return _num_regions == 0; }
 
   // It updates the fields of the set to reflect hr being added to
   // the set and tags the region appropriately.
@@ -126,7 +125,7 @@ class G1HeapRegionSet : public G1HeapRegionSetBase {
   }
 
   void bulk_remove(const uint removed) {
-    _length -= removed;
+    _num_regions -= removed;
   }
 };
 
@@ -235,7 +234,7 @@ class G1FreeRegionList : public G1HeapRegionSetBase {
 
   virtual void verify();
 
-  using G1HeapRegionSetBase::length;
+  using G1HeapRegionSetBase::num_regions;
   uint length(uint node_index) const;
 };
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionSet.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionSet.inline.hpp
index 80b23616f92..5bd6ac703bc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionSet.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapRegionSet.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ inline void G1HeapRegionSetBase::add(G1HeapRegion* hr) {
   assert_heap_region_set(hr->next() == nullptr, "should not already be linked");
   assert_heap_region_set(hr->prev() == nullptr, "should not already be linked");
 
-  _length++;
+  _num_regions++;
   hr->set_containing_set(this);
   verify_region(hr);
 }
@@ -47,13 +47,13 @@ inline void G1HeapRegionSetBase::remove(G1HeapRegion* hr) {
   assert_heap_region_set(hr->prev() == nullptr, "should already be unlinked");
 
   hr->set_containing_set(nullptr);
-  assert_heap_region_set(_length > 0, "pre-condition");
-  _length--;
+  assert_heap_region_set(_num_regions > 0, "pre-condition");
+  _num_regions--;
 }
 
 inline void G1FreeRegionList::add_to_tail(G1HeapRegion* region_to_add) {
-  assert_free_region_list((length() == 0 && _head == nullptr && _tail == nullptr && _last == nullptr) ||
-                          (length() >  0 && _head != nullptr && _tail != nullptr && _tail->hrm_index() < region_to_add->hrm_index()),
+  assert_free_region_list((num_regions() == 0 && _head == nullptr && _tail == nullptr && _last == nullptr) ||
+                          (num_regions() >  0 && _head != nullptr && _tail != nullptr && _tail->hrm_index() < region_to_add->hrm_index()),
                           "invariant");
   // add() will verify the region and check mt safety.
   add(region_to_add);
@@ -72,8 +72,8 @@ inline void G1FreeRegionList::add_to_tail(G1HeapRegion* region_to_add) {
 }
 
 inline void G1FreeRegionList::add_ordered(G1HeapRegion* hr) {
-  assert_free_region_list((length() == 0 && _head == nullptr && _tail == nullptr && _last == nullptr) ||
-                          (length() >  0 && _head != nullptr && _tail != nullptr),
+  assert_free_region_list((num_regions() == 0 && _head == nullptr && _tail == nullptr && _last == nullptr) ||
+                          (num_regions() >  0 && _head != nullptr && _tail != nullptr),
                           "invariant");
   // add() will verify the region and check mt safety.
   add(hr);
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ inline G1HeapRegion* G1FreeRegionList::remove_region(bool from_head) {
   if (is_empty()) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  assert_free_region_list(length() > 0 && _head != nullptr && _tail != nullptr, "invariant");
+  assert_free_region_list(num_regions() > 0 && _head != nullptr && _tail != nullptr, "invariant");
 
   G1HeapRegion* hr;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapSizingPolicy.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapSizingPolicy.cpp
index 6158bc47c47..087ffc026ba 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapSizingPolicy.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapSizingPolicy.cpp
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ size_t G1HeapSizingPolicy::full_collection_resize_amount(bool& expand, size_t al
                                        // GC where eden is empty. During Remark there can be an
                                        // arbitrary number of eden regions which would skew the
                                        // results.
-                                       _g1h->eden_regions_count() * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes;
+                                       _g1h->num_eden_regions() * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes;
 
   // Add pending allocation;
   const size_t used_after_gc = current_used_after_gc +
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapTransition.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapTransition.cpp
index e91afc79267..0c00be382c0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapTransition.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapTransition.cpp
@@ -29,10 +29,10 @@
 #include "memory/metaspaceUtils.hpp"
 
 G1HeapTransition::Data::Data(G1CollectedHeap* g1_heap) :
-  _num_eden_regions(g1_heap->eden_regions_count()),
-  _num_survivor_regions(g1_heap->survivor_regions_count()),
-  _num_old_regions(g1_heap->old_regions_count()),
-  _num_humongous_regions(g1_heap->humongous_regions_count()),
+  _num_eden_regions(g1_heap->num_eden_regions()),
+  _num_survivor_regions(g1_heap->num_survivor_regions()),
+  _num_old_regions(g1_heap->num_old_regions()),
+  _num_humongous_regions(g1_heap->num_humongous_regions()),
   _meta_sizes(MetaspaceUtils::get_combined_statistics()),
   _num_eden_regions_per_node(nullptr),
   _num_survivor_regions_per_node(nullptr) {
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@ G1HeapTransition::Data::Data(G1CollectedHeap* g1_heap) :
       _num_survivor_regions_per_node = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(uint, node_count, mtGC);
 
       for (uint i = 0; i < node_count; i++) {
-        _num_eden_regions_per_node[i] = g1_heap->eden_regions_count(i);
-        _num_survivor_regions_per_node[i] = g1_heap->survivor_regions_count(i);
+        _num_eden_regions_per_node[i] = g1_heap->num_eden_regions(i);
+        _num_survivor_regions_per_node[i] = g1_heap->num_survivor_regions(i);
       }
     }
   }
@@ -67,15 +67,15 @@ struct G1HeapTransition::DetailedUsage : public StackObj {
   size_t _old_used;
   size_t _humongous_used;
 
-  size_t _eden_region_count;
-  size_t _survivor_region_count;
-  size_t _old_region_count;
-  size_t _humongous_region_count;
+  size_t _num_eden_regions;
+  size_t _num_survivor_regions;
+  size_t _num_old_regions;
+  size_t _num_humongous_regions;
 
   DetailedUsage() :
     _eden_used(0), _survivor_used(0), _old_used(0), _humongous_used(0),
-    _eden_region_count(0), _survivor_region_count(0), _old_region_count(0),
-    _humongous_region_count(0) {}
+    _num_eden_regions(0), _num_survivor_regions(0), _num_old_regions(0),
+    _num_humongous_regions(0) {}
 };
 
 class G1HeapTransition::DetailedUsageClosure: public G1HeapRegionClosure {
@@ -84,16 +84,16 @@ class G1HeapTransition::DetailedUsageClosure: public G1HeapRegionClosure {
   bool do_heap_region(G1HeapRegion* r) {
     if (r->is_old()) {
       _usage._old_used += r->used();
-      _usage._old_region_count++;
+      _usage._num_old_regions++;
     } else if (r->is_survivor()) {
       _usage._survivor_used += r->used();
-      _usage._survivor_region_count++;
+      _usage._num_survivor_regions++;
     } else if (r->is_eden()) {
       _usage._eden_used += r->used();
-      _usage._eden_region_count++;
+      _usage._num_eden_regions++;
     } else if (r->is_humongous()) {
       _usage._humongous_used += r->used();
-      _usage._humongous_region_count++;
+      _usage._num_humongous_regions++;
     } else {
       assert(r->used() == 0, "Expected used to be 0 but it was %zu", r->used());
     }
@@ -140,13 +140,13 @@ void G1HeapTransition::print() {
     DetailedUsageClosure blk;
     _g1_heap->heap_region_iterate(&blk);
     usage = blk._usage;
-    assert(usage._eden_region_count == 0, "Expected no eden regions, but got %zu", usage._eden_region_count);
-    assert(usage._survivor_region_count == after._num_survivor_regions, "Expected survivors to be %zu but was %zu",
-           after._num_survivor_regions, usage._survivor_region_count);
-    assert(usage._old_region_count == after._num_old_regions, "Expected old to be %zu but was %zu",
-           after._num_old_regions, usage._old_region_count);
-    assert(usage._humongous_region_count == after._num_humongous_regions, "Expected humongous to be %zu but was %zu",
-           after._num_humongous_regions, usage._humongous_region_count);
+    assert(usage._num_eden_regions == 0, "Expected no eden regions, but got %zu", usage._num_eden_regions);
+    assert(usage._num_survivor_regions == after._num_survivor_regions, "Expected survivors to be %zu but was %zu",
+           after._num_survivor_regions, usage._num_survivor_regions);
+    assert(usage._num_old_regions == after._num_old_regions, "Expected old to be %zu but was %zu",
+           after._num_old_regions, usage._num_old_regions);
+    assert(usage._num_humongous_regions == after._num_humongous_regions, "Expected humongous to be %zu but was %zu",
+           after._num_humongous_regions, usage._num_humongous_regions);
   }
 
   log_regions("Eden", _before._num_eden_regions, after._num_eden_regions, num_eden_after_gc,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapVerifier.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapVerifier.cpp
index 7b518379a73..da8953f5a7d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapVerifier.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1HeapVerifier.cpp
@@ -386,28 +386,28 @@ class VerifyRegionListsClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
   G1HeapRegionManager* _hrm;
 
 public:
-  uint _old_count;
-  uint _humongous_count;
-  uint _free_count;
+  uint _num_old_regions;
+  uint _num_humongous_regions;
+  uint _num_free_regions;
 
   VerifyRegionListsClosure(G1HeapRegionSet* old_set,
                            G1HeapRegionSet* humongous_set,
                            G1HeapRegionManager* hrm) :
     _old_set(old_set), _humongous_set(humongous_set), _hrm(hrm),
-    _old_count(), _humongous_count(), _free_count(){ }
+    _num_old_regions(), _num_humongous_regions(), _num_free_regions(){ }
 
   bool do_heap_region(G1HeapRegion* hr) {
     if (hr->is_young()) {
       // TODO
     } else if (hr->is_humongous()) {
       assert(hr->containing_set() == _humongous_set, "Heap region %u is humongous but not in humongous set.", hr->hrm_index());
-      _humongous_count++;
+      _num_humongous_regions++;
     } else if (hr->is_empty()) {
       assert(_hrm->is_free(hr), "Heap region %u is empty but not on the free list.", hr->hrm_index());
-      _free_count++;
+      _num_free_regions++;
     } else if (hr->is_old()) {
       assert(hr->containing_set() == _old_set, "Heap region %u is old but not in the old set.", hr->hrm_index());
-      _old_count++;
+      _num_old_regions++;
     } else {
       fatal("Invalid region type for region %u (%s)", hr->hrm_index(), hr->get_short_type_str());
     }
@@ -415,9 +415,9 @@ class VerifyRegionListsClosure : public G1HeapRegionClosure {
   }
 
   void verify_counts(G1HeapRegionSet* old_set, G1HeapRegionSet* humongous_set, G1HeapRegionManager* free_list) {
-    guarantee(old_set->length() == _old_count, "Old set count mismatch. Expected %u, actual %u.", old_set->length(), _old_count);
-    guarantee(humongous_set->length() == _humongous_count, "Hum set count mismatch. Expected %u, actual %u.", humongous_set->length(), _humongous_count);
-    guarantee(free_list->num_free_regions() == _free_count, "Free list count mismatch. Expected %u, actual %u.", free_list->num_free_regions(), _free_count);
+    guarantee(old_set->num_regions() == _num_old_regions, "Old set size mismatch. Expected %u, actual %u.", old_set->num_regions(), _num_old_regions);
+    guarantee(humongous_set->num_regions() == _num_humongous_regions, "Hum set size mismatch. Expected %u, actual %u.", humongous_set->num_regions(), _num_humongous_regions);
+    guarantee(free_list->num_free_regions() == _num_free_regions, "Free list size mismatch. Expected %u, actual %u.", free_list->num_free_regions(), _num_free_regions);
   }
 };
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1MonitoringSupport.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1MonitoringSupport.cpp
index 0af07282fc7..72a17f563a0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1MonitoringSupport.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1MonitoringSupport.cpp
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ void G1MonitoringSupport::recalculate_sizes() {
   // use smaller value to subtract.
   _old_gen_used = _overall_used - MIN2(_overall_used, _eden_space_used + _survivor_space_used);
 
-  uint num_survivor_regions = _g1h->survivor_regions_count();
+  uint num_survivor_regions = _g1h->num_survivor_regions();
 
   uint target_num_young_regions = _g1h->policy()->target_num_young_regions();
   assert(target_num_young_regions >= num_survivor_regions, "invariant");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
index 866f0ce0245..fc63a6e212a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.cpp
@@ -249,9 +249,9 @@ uint G1Policy::calculate_desired_num_young_regions(size_t pending_cards,
   // Calculate the absolute and desired min bounds first.
 
   // This is how many survivor regions we already have.
-  const uint num_survivor_regions = _g1h->survivor_regions_count();
+  const uint num_survivor_regions = _g1h->num_survivor_regions();
   // Size of the already allocated young gen.
-  const uint allocated_num_young_regions = _g1h->young_regions_count();
+  const uint allocated_num_young_regions = _g1h->num_young_regions();
   // This is the absolute minimum number of young regions that we can return. Ensure that we
   // don't go below any user-defined minimum bound.  Also, we must have at least
   // one eden region, to ensure progress. But when revising during the ensuing
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ uint G1Policy::calculate_desired_num_young_regions(size_t pending_cards,
 // the reserve, giving away at most what the heap sizer allows.
 uint G1Policy::calculate_target_num_young_regions(uint desired_num_young_regions,
                                                   uint min_num_young_regions_by_sizer) const {
-  uint num_young_regions = _g1h->young_regions_count();
+  uint num_young_regions = _g1h->num_young_regions();
 
   uint receiving_additional_eden;
   if (num_young_regions >= desired_num_young_regions) {
@@ -354,9 +354,9 @@ uint G1Policy::calculate_target_num_young_regions(uint desired_num_young_regions
                               reserve_regions,
                               max_to_eat_into_reserve);
 
-    uint survivor_regions_count = _g1h->survivor_regions_count();
-    uint desired_num_eden_regions = desired_num_young_regions - survivor_regions_count;
-    uint num_eden_regions = num_young_regions - survivor_regions_count;
+    uint num_survivor_regions = _g1h->num_survivor_regions();
+    uint desired_num_eden_regions = desired_num_young_regions - num_survivor_regions;
+    uint num_eden_regions = num_young_regions - num_survivor_regions;
 
     if (_free_regions_at_end_of_collection <= reserve_regions) {
       // Fully eat (or already eating) into the reserve.
@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ uint G1Policy::calculate_desired_num_eden_regions_before_mixed(double base_time_
 }
 
 double G1Policy::predict_survivor_regions_evac_time() const {
-  double survivor_regions_evac_time = predict_young_region_other_time_ms(_g1h->survivor()->length());
+  double survivor_regions_evac_time = predict_young_region_other_time_ms(_g1h->survivor()->num_regions());
   for (G1HeapRegion* r : _g1h->survivor()->regions()) {
     survivor_regions_evac_time += predict_region_copy_time_ms(r, _g1h->collector_state()->is_in_young_only_phase());
   }
@@ -1139,19 +1139,19 @@ double G1Policy::predict_gc_efficiency(G1HeapRegion* hr) {
   return hr->reclaimable_bytes() / total_based_on_incoming_refs_ms;
 }
 
-double G1Policy::predict_young_region_other_time_ms(uint count) const {
-  return _analytics->predict_young_other_time_ms(count);
+double G1Policy::predict_young_region_other_time_ms(uint num_regions) const {
+  return _analytics->predict_young_other_time_ms(num_regions);
 }
 
-double G1Policy::predict_non_young_other_time_ms(uint count) const {
-  return _analytics->predict_non_young_other_time_ms(count);
+double G1Policy::predict_non_young_other_time_ms(uint num_regions) const {
+  return _analytics->predict_non_young_other_time_ms(num_regions);
 }
 
-double G1Policy::predict_eden_copy_time_ms(uint count, size_t* bytes_to_copy) const {
-  if (count == 0) {
+double G1Policy::predict_eden_copy_time_ms(uint num_eden_regions, size_t* bytes_to_copy) const {
+  if (num_eden_regions == 0) {
     return 0.0;
   }
-  size_t const expected_bytes = _eden_surv_rate_group->accum_surv_rate_pred(count - 1) * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes;
+  size_t const expected_bytes = _eden_surv_rate_group->accum_surv_rate_pred(num_eden_regions - 1) * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes;
   if (bytes_to_copy != nullptr) {
     *bytes_to_copy = expected_bytes;
   }
@@ -1190,7 +1190,7 @@ double G1Policy::predict_region_code_root_scan_time(G1HeapRegion* hr, bool for_y
 }
 
 bool G1Policy::should_allocate_mutator_region() const {
-  if (_g1h->young_regions_count() < target_num_young_regions()) {
+  if (_g1h->num_young_regions() < target_num_young_regions()) {
     return true;
   }
 
@@ -1214,7 +1214,7 @@ bool G1Policy::use_adaptive_num_young_regions() const {
 size_t G1Policy::estimate_used_young_bytes_locked() const {
   assert_lock_strong(Heap_lock);
   G1Allocator* allocator = _g1h->allocator();
-  uint used = _g1h->young_regions_count();
+  uint used = _g1h->num_young_regions();
   uint alloc = allocator->num_nodes();
   uint full = used - MIN2(used, alloc);
   size_t bytes_used = full * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes;
@@ -1402,7 +1402,7 @@ void G1Policy::record_pause(Pause gc_type,
 
   update_gc_pause_time_ratios(gc_type, start, end);
 
-  size_t humongous_bytes = _g1h->humongous_regions_count() * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes;
+  size_t humongous_bytes = _g1h->num_humongous_regions() * G1HeapRegion::GrainBytes;
   G1AllocationIntervalStats alloc_interval_stats = _old_gen_alloc_tracker.end_allocation_interval(humongous_bytes);
   bool is_periodic_gc = _g1h->gc_cause() == GCCause::_g1_periodic_collection;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.hpp
index e09a76397cc..8438935675a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1Policy.hpp
@@ -151,12 +151,12 @@ class G1Policy: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   double predict_region_code_root_scan_time(G1HeapRegion* hr, bool for_young_only_phase) const;
 
   double predict_merge_scan_time(size_t card_rs_length) const;
-  // Predict other time for count young regions.
-  double predict_young_region_other_time_ms(uint count) const;
-  double predict_non_young_other_time_ms(uint count) const;
-  // Predict copying live data time for count eden regions. Return the predict bytes if
+  // Predict other time for young regions.
+  double predict_young_region_other_time_ms(uint num_regions) const;
+  double predict_non_young_other_time_ms(uint num_regions) const;
+  // Predict copying live data time for eden regions. Return the predict bytes if
   // bytes_to_copy is non-null.
-  double predict_eden_copy_time_ms(uint count, size_t* bytes_to_copy = nullptr) const;
+  double predict_eden_copy_time_ms(uint num_eden_regions, size_t* bytes_to_copy = nullptr) const;
 
   void cset_regions_freed();
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.cpp
index 2e509e79ec3..fbe6ff588b8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.cpp
@@ -26,13 +26,13 @@
 #include "gc/g1/g1NUMA.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.hpp"
 
-G1RegionsOnNodes::G1RegionsOnNodes() : _count_per_node(nullptr), _numa(G1NUMA::numa()) {
-  _count_per_node = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(Atomic<uint>, _numa->num_active_nodes(), mtGC);
+G1RegionsOnNodes::G1RegionsOnNodes() : _num_regions_per_node(nullptr), _numa(G1NUMA::numa()) {
+  _num_regions_per_node = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(Atomic<uint>, _numa->num_active_nodes(), mtGC);
   clear();
 }
 
 G1RegionsOnNodes::~G1RegionsOnNodes() {
-  FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(_count_per_node);
+  FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(_num_regions_per_node);
 }
 
 void G1RegionsOnNodes::add(G1HeapRegion* hr) {
@@ -40,14 +40,14 @@ void G1RegionsOnNodes::add(G1HeapRegion* hr) {
 
   // Update only if the node index is valid.
   if (node_index < _numa->num_active_nodes()) {
-    _count_per_node[node_index].add_then_fetch(1u, memory_order_relaxed);
+    _num_regions_per_node[node_index].add_then_fetch(1u, memory_order_relaxed);
   }
 }
 
 void G1RegionsOnNodes::clear() {
-  ::new (_count_per_node) Atomic<uint>[_numa->num_active_nodes()]{};
+  ::new (_num_regions_per_node) Atomic<uint>[_numa->num_active_nodes()]{};
 }
 
-uint G1RegionsOnNodes::count(uint node_index) const {
-  return _count_per_node[node_index].load_relaxed();
+uint G1RegionsOnNodes::num_regions_per_node(uint node_index) const {
+  return _num_regions_per_node[node_index].load_relaxed();
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.hpp
index e528a147150..a28c8b7e716 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1RegionsOnNodes.hpp
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ class G1HeapRegion;
 
 // Contains per node index region count
 class G1RegionsOnNodes : public StackObj {
-  Atomic<uint>*  _count_per_node;
+  Atomic<uint>*  _num_regions_per_node;
   G1NUMA*        _numa;
 
 public:
@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ class G1RegionsOnNodes : public StackObj {
 
   ~G1RegionsOnNodes();
 
-  // Increase _count_per_node for the node of given heap region.
+  // Increase _num_regions_per_node for the node of given heap region.
   void add(G1HeapRegion* hr);
 
   void clear();
 
-  uint count(uint node_index) const;
+  uint num_regions_per_node(uint node_index) const;
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_VM_GC_G1_G1REGIONS_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungRegions.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungRegions.cpp
index 9e8635a10ed..d5c87a3e59b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungRegions.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungRegions.cpp
@@ -39,12 +39,12 @@ void G1YoungRegions::clear_data() {
 void G1EdenRegions::add(G1HeapRegion* r) {
   assert(r->is_eden(), "must be");
   add_to_nodes(r);
-  _length++;
+  _num_regions++;
 }
 
 void G1EdenRegions::clear() {
   clear_data();
-  _length = 0;
+  _num_regions = 0;
 }
 
 void G1SurvivorRegions::add(G1HeapRegion* r) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungRegions.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungRegions.hpp
index 9818ae0686c..7d40e4c0a41 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungRegions.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1YoungRegions.hpp
@@ -46,22 +46,24 @@ class G1YoungRegions {
   NONCOPYABLE(G1YoungRegions);
 
 public:
-  uint regions_on_node(uint node_index) const { return _regions_on_node.count(node_index); }
+  uint regions_on_node(uint node_index) const {
+    return _regions_on_node.num_regions_per_node(node_index);
+  }
 
   void add_used_bytes(size_t used_bytes) { _used_bytes.add_then_fetch(used_bytes, memory_order_relaxed); }
   size_t used_bytes() const { return _used_bytes.load_relaxed(); }
 };
 
 class G1EdenRegions : public G1YoungRegions {
-  uint _length;
+  uint _num_regions;
 
 public:
-  G1EdenRegions() : G1YoungRegions(), _length(0) { }
+  G1EdenRegions() : G1YoungRegions(), _num_regions(0) { }
 
   void add(G1HeapRegion* r);
   void clear();
 
-  uint length() const { return _length; }
+  uint num_regions() const { return _num_regions; }
 };
 
 // Set of current survivor regions.
@@ -74,7 +76,7 @@ class G1SurvivorRegions : public G1YoungRegions {
   void add(G1HeapRegion* r);
   void clear();
 
-  uint length() const { return (uint)_regions.length(); }
+  uint num_regions() const { return (uint)_regions.length(); }
 
   void convert_to_eden();
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/vmStructs_g1.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/vmStructs_g1.hpp
index 23beb75211b..823b64df8ee 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/vmStructs_g1.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/g1/vmStructs_g1.hpp
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@
   nonstatic_field(G1MonitoringSupport, _old_gen_committed,        size_t)     \
   nonstatic_field(G1MonitoringSupport, _old_gen_used,             size_t)     \
                                                                               \
-  nonstatic_field(G1HeapRegionSetBase,   _length,       uint)                 \
+  nonstatic_field(G1HeapRegionSetBase, _num_regions,    uint)                 \
                                                                               \
   nonstatic_field(SATBMarkQueue,       _active,         bool)                 \
   nonstatic_field(SATBMarkQueue,       _buf,            void**)               \
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/gc/g1/G1HeapRegionSetBase.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/gc/g1/G1HeapRegionSetBase.java
index c5f8cde2303..755d317357d 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/gc/g1/G1HeapRegionSetBase.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/gc/g1/G1HeapRegionSetBase.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@
 
 public class G1HeapRegionSetBase extends VMObject {
 
-    // uint _length
-    private static CIntegerField lengthField;
+    // uint _num_regions
+    private static CIntegerField numRegionsField;
 
     static {
         VM.registerVMInitializedObserver(new Observer() {
@@ -55,11 +55,11 @@ public void update(Observable o, Object data) {
     private static synchronized void initialize(TypeDataBase db) {
         Type type = db.lookupType("G1HeapRegionSetBase");
 
-        lengthField = type.getCIntegerField("_length");
+        numRegionsField = type.getCIntegerField("_num_regions");
     }
 
-    public long length() {
-        return lengthField.getValue(addr);
+    public long numRegions() {
+        return numRegionsField.getValue(addr);
     }
 
     public G1HeapRegionSetBase(Address addr) {
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/tools/HeapSummary.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/tools/HeapSummary.java
index 58a9c1b4519..ec864bbd995 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/tools/HeapSummary.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/tools/HeapSummary.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ public void printG1HeapSummary(PrintStream tty, G1CollectedHeap g1h) {
       long survivorSpaceRegionNum = monitoringSupport.survivorSpaceRegionNum();
       G1HeapRegionSetBase oldSet = g1h.oldSet();
       G1HeapRegionSetBase humongousSet = g1h.humongousSet();
-      long oldGenRegionNum = oldSet.length() + humongousSet.length();
+      long oldGenRegionNum = oldSet.numRegions() + humongousSet.numRegions();
       printG1Space(tty, "G1 Heap:", g1h.n_regions(),
                    g1h.used(), g1h.capacity());
       tty.println("G1 Young Generation:");
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/gc/g1/test_freeRegionList.cpp b/test/hotspot/gtest/gc/g1/test_freeRegionList.cpp
index 344f32d5ec8..17ecbde9f28 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/gtest/gc/g1/test_freeRegionList.cpp
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/gc/g1/test_freeRegionList.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ TEST_OTHER_VM(G1FreeRegionList, length) {
   l.add_ordered(&hr4);
   l.add_ordered(&hr2);
 
-  EXPECT_EQ(l.length(), num_regions_in_test) << "Wrong free region list length";
+  EXPECT_EQ(l.num_regions(), num_regions_in_test) << "Wrong number of regions in free region list";
   l.verify_list();
 
   bot_storage->uncommit_regions(0, num_regions_in_test);

From 9bbc1128ff70be842b0272f3067dfaa42220ac3c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jyothilekshmi <jyothilekshmi.s@oracle.com>
Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 11:47:01 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 479/707] 8364404: PanelRepaint.java should not be resizable

Reviewed-by: prr, aivanov, jdv
---
 .../jdk/java/awt/Panel/PanelRepaint/PanelRepaint.java | 11 +++++++----
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/java/awt/Panel/PanelRepaint/PanelRepaint.java b/test/jdk/java/awt/Panel/PanelRepaint/PanelRepaint.java
index da8de3947be..5ad0069921a 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/awt/Panel/PanelRepaint/PanelRepaint.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/awt/Panel/PanelRepaint/PanelRepaint.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -70,13 +70,15 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
     public static Frame createUI() {
         Frame f = new Frame("Panel Repaint Test");
         f.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
-        f.setSize(620, 288);
+        f.setResizable(false);
         PanelRepaint pr = new PanelRepaint();
+        pr.setLayout(null);
 
         panel = new Panel();
         panel.setLayout(null);
         panel.setSize(500, 500);
         sPanel = new ScrollPanel(panel);
+        Dimension size = panel.getSize();
 
         Button btn = new Button("Open");
         pr.addComp(btn);
@@ -173,10 +175,11 @@ public static Frame createUI() {
         pr.addComp(t29);
         t29.setBounds(240, 330, 100, 20);
 
+        sPanel.setBounds(0, 0, size.width, size.height / 2);
+        pr.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(size.width, size.height / 2));
         pr.add(sPanel);
         f.add(pr);
-        sPanel.setBounds(100, 100, 500, 250);
-        sPanel.doLayout();
+        f.pack();
         return f;
     }
 

From 34fe4a0ebcd454bc62086b81b1cf5b4687135aee Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Frederic Parain <fparain@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 13:08:52 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 480/707] 8389734: [Valhalla] _c1_needs_stack_repair is useless
 and should be removed

Reviewed-by: pchilanomate, thartmann, mchevalier, chagedorn
---
 .../cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp   |  4 +--
 .../cpu/aarch64/c1_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp | 21 +++++--------
 .../stackChunkFrameStream_aarch64.inline.hpp  |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_MacroAssembler_arm.cpp |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_MacroAssembler_ppc.cpp | 11 ++-----
 .../cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_riscv.cpp       |  4 +--
 .../cpu/riscv/c1_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp     |  4 +--
 .../cpu/s390/c1_MacroAssembler_s390.cpp       |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRAssembler_x86.cpp   |  4 +--
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp | 31 +++++--------------
 .../x86/stackChunkFrameStream_x86.inline.hpp  |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_FrameMap.cpp          |  5 ++-
 src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_FrameMap.hpp          |  4 +--
 src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRAssembler.cpp      |  4 +--
 src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRAssembler.hpp      |  6 +---
 src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LinearScan.cpp        |  4 +--
 src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_MacroAssembler.hpp    |  6 ++--
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp                |  4 +--
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.cpp             | 10 ++----
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.hpp             |  5 ++-
 src/hotspot/share/oops/constMethodFlags.hpp   |  7 ++---
 src/hotspot/share/oops/method.hpp             |  7 ++---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp            |  2 +-
 .../share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp  |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp   | 20 +++++-------
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp   |  6 ++--
 26 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 114 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 93a7f2a9733..d05526890cb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_LIRAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ int LIR_Assembler::emit_unwind_handler() {
 
   // remove the activation and dispatch to the unwind handler
   __ block_comment("remove_frame and dispatch to the unwind handler");
-  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes(), needs_stack_repair());
+  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes());
   __ far_jump(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_unwind_exception_id)));
 
   // Emit the slow path assembly
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::return_op(LIR_Opr result, C1SafepointPollStub* code_stub) {
   }
 
   // Pop the stack before the safepoint code
-  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes(), needs_stack_repair());
+  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes());
 
   if (StackReservedPages > 0 && compilation()->has_reserved_stack_access()) {
     __ reserved_stack_check();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index f8f67962e4a..32d2832dbbe 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c1_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -249,12 +249,9 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::allocate_array(Register obj, Register len, Register t1,
   verify_oop(obj);
 }
 
-void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame_helper(int frame_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, int sp_inc, bool reset_orig_pc, bool needs_stack_repair) {
+void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame_helper(int frame_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, bool reset_orig_pc) {
   MacroAssembler::build_frame(frame_size_in_bytes);
 
-  if (needs_stack_repair) {
-    save_stack_increment(sp_inc, frame_size_in_bytes);
-  }
   if (reset_orig_pc) {
     // Zero orig_pc to detect deoptimization during buffering in the entry points
     str(zr, Address(sp, sp_offset_for_orig_pc));
@@ -263,14 +260,14 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame_helper(int frame_size_in_bytes, int sp_offse
 
 void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes,
                                     int sp_offset_for_orig_pc,
-                                    bool needs_stack_repair, bool has_scalarized_args,
+                                    bool has_scalarized_args,
                                     Label* verified_inline_entry_label) {
   // Make sure there is enough stack space for this method's activation.
   // Note that we do this before creating a frame.
   assert(bang_size_in_bytes >= frame_size_in_bytes, "stack bang size incorrect");
   generate_stack_overflow_check(bang_size_in_bytes);
 
-  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, 0, has_scalarized_args, needs_stack_repair);
+  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, has_scalarized_args);
 
   // Insert nmethod entry barrier into frame.
   BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
@@ -311,7 +308,7 @@ int C1_MacroAssembler::scalarized_entry(const CompiledEntrySignature* ces, int f
   int args_passed_cc = SigEntry::fill_sig_bt(sig_cc, sig_bt);
 
   // Create a temp frame so we can call into the runtime. It must be properly set up to accommodate GC.
-  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, 0, true, ces->c1_needs_stack_repair());
+  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, true);
 
   // The runtime call might safepoint, make sure nmethod entry barrier is executed
   BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
@@ -333,20 +330,16 @@ int C1_MacroAssembler::scalarized_entry(const CompiledEntrySignature* ces, int f
   // Remove the temp frame
   MacroAssembler::remove_frame(frame_size_in_bytes);
 
-  // Check if we need to extend the stack for packing
-  int sp_inc = 0;
-  if (args_on_stack > args_on_stack_cc) {
-    sp_inc = extend_stack_for_inline_args(args_on_stack);
-  }
+  assert(args_on_stack <= args_on_stack_cc, "Sanity check");
 
   shuffle_inline_args(true, is_inline_ro_entry, sig_cc,
                       args_passed_cc, args_on_stack_cc, regs_cc, // from
                       args_passed, args_on_stack, regs,          // to
-                      sp_inc, val_array);
+                      0, val_array);
 
   // Create the real frame. Below jump will then skip over the stack banging and frame
   // setup code in the verified_inline_entry (which has a different real_frame_size).
-  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, sp_inc, false, ces->c1_needs_stack_repair());
+  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, false);
 
   b(verified_inline_entry_label);
   return rt_call_offset;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stackChunkFrameStream_aarch64.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stackChunkFrameStream_aarch64.inline.hpp
index 6c68d177b29..e7270e4bff5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stackChunkFrameStream_aarch64.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stackChunkFrameStream_aarch64.inline.hpp
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ inline bool StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::is_in_frame(void* p0) const {
   int frame_size = _cb->frame_size();
   if (is_compiled()) {
     nmethod* nm = _cb->as_nmethod_or_null();
-    if (nm->needs_stack_repair() && nm->is_compiled_by_c2()) {
+    if (nm->needs_stack_repair()) {
       frame f = to_frame();
       bool augmented = f.was_augmented_on_entry(frame_size);
       if (!augmented) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_MacroAssembler_arm.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_MacroAssembler_arm.cpp
index 943a8fc5e3d..1776effc7c3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_MacroAssembler_arm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_MacroAssembler_arm.cpp
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 
 void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes,
                                     int sp_offset_for_orig_pc,
-                                    bool needs_stack_repair, bool has_scalarized_args,
+                                    bool has_scalarized_args,
                                     Label* verified_inline_entry_label) {
   assert(bang_size_in_bytes >= frame_size_in_bytes, "stack bang size incorrect");
   assert((frame_size_in_bytes % StackAlignmentInBytes) == 0, "frame size should be aligned");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_MacroAssembler_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_MacroAssembler_ppc.cpp
index 2286cb6eaf1..7c3f43fa800 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_MacroAssembler_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_MacroAssembler_ppc.cpp
@@ -48,16 +48,12 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::explicit_null_check(Register base) {
 }
 
 
-void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame_helper(int frame_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, int sp_inc, bool reset_orig_pc, bool needs_stack_repair) {
+void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame_helper(int frame_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, bool reset_orig_pc) {
   const Register return_pc = R20;
   mflr(return_pc);
   std(return_pc, _abi0(lr), R1_SP);    // SP->lr = return_pc
   push_frame(frame_size_in_bytes, R0); // SP -= frame_size_in_bytes
 
-  if (needs_stack_repair) {
-    // Save stack increment (also account for fixed framesize and rbp)
-    Unimplemented();
-  }
   if (reset_orig_pc) {
     // Zero orig_pc to detect deoptimization during buffering in the entry points
     li(R0, 0);
@@ -69,13 +65,13 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame_helper(int frame_size_in_bytes, int sp_offse
 
 void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes,
                                     int sp_offset_for_orig_pc,
-                                    bool needs_stack_repair, bool has_scalarized_args,
+                                    bool has_scalarized_args,
                                     Label* verified_inline_entry_label) {
   // Make sure there is enough stack space for this method's activation.
   assert(bang_size_in_bytes >= frame_size_in_bytes, "stack bang size incorrect");
   generate_stack_overflow_check(bang_size_in_bytes);
 
-  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, 0, has_scalarized_args, needs_stack_repair);
+  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, has_scalarized_args);
 
   BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
   bs->nmethod_entry_barrier(this, R20);
@@ -370,4 +366,3 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::null_check(Register r, Label* Lnull) {
 int C1_MacroAssembler::scalarized_entry(const CompiledEntrySignature* ces, int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, Label& verified_inline_entry_label, bool is_inline_ro_entry) {
   Unimplemented();
 }
-
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_riscv.cpp
index a5359f81ea7..5d174e77f37 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ int LIR_Assembler::emit_unwind_handler() {
 
   // remove the activation and dispatch to the unwind handler
   __ block_comment("remove_frame and dispatch to the unwind handler");
-  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes(), needs_stack_repair());
+  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes());
   __ far_jump(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_unwind_exception_id)));
 
   // Emit the slow path assembly
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::return_op(LIR_Opr result, C1SafepointPollStub* code_stub) {
   assert(!InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, "unimplemented");
 
   // Pop the stack before the safepoint code
-  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes(), needs_stack_repair());
+  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes());
 
   if (StackReservedPages > 0 && compilation()->has_reserved_stack_access()) {
     __ reserved_stack_check();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
index 6db1b8be990..0f303deeb57 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -255,11 +255,11 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::allocate_array(Register obj, Register len, Register tmp1
 
 void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes,
                                     int sp_offset_for_orig_pc,
-                                    bool needs_stack_repair, bool has_scalarized_args,
+                                    bool has_scalarized_args,
                                     Label* verified_inline_entry_label) {
   assert(bang_size_in_bytes >= frame_size_in_bytes, "stack bang size incorrect");
 
-  assert(!needs_stack_repair && !has_scalarized_args, "");
+  assert(!has_scalarized_args, "");
 
   // Make sure there is enough stack space for this method's activation.
   // Note that we do this before creating a frame.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_MacroAssembler_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_MacroAssembler_s390.cpp
index e300431b909..8f3a40c4826 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_MacroAssembler_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_MacroAssembler_s390.cpp
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::explicit_null_check(Register base) {
 
 void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes,
                                     int sp_offset_for_orig_pc,
-                                    bool needs_stack_repair, bool has_scalarized_args,
+                                    bool has_scalarized_args,
                                     Label* verified_inline_entry_label) {
   assert(bang_size_in_bytes >= frame_size_in_bytes, "stack bang size incorrect");
   generate_stack_overflow_check(bang_size_in_bytes);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRAssembler_x86.cpp
index 9e89bbed6fb..f745d80f4c5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ int LIR_Assembler::emit_unwind_handler() {
   }
 
   // remove the activation and dispatch to the unwind handler
-  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes(), needs_stack_repair());
+  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes(), false);
   __ jump(RuntimeAddress(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_unwind_exception_id)));
 
   // Emit the slow path assembly
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::return_op(LIR_Opr result, C1SafepointPollStub* code_stub) {
   }
 
   // Pop the stack before the safepoint code
-  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes(), needs_stack_repair());
+  __ remove_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes(), false);
 
   if (StackReservedPages > 0 && compilation()->has_reserved_stack_access()) {
     __ reserved_stack_check();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp
index 0f77923fd85..4332e8a957d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -229,25 +229,14 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::allocate_array(Register obj, Register len, Register t1,
   verify_oop(obj);
 }
 
-void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame_helper(int frame_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, int sp_inc, bool reset_orig_pc, bool needs_stack_repair) {
+void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame_helper(int frame_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, bool reset_orig_pc) {
   push(rbp);
-#ifdef ASSERT
-  if (sp_inc > 0) {
-    movl(Address(rsp, 0), badRegWordVal);
-    movl(Address(rsp, VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size), badRegWordVal);
-  }
-#endif
+
   if (PreserveFramePointer) {
     mov(rbp, rsp);
   }
   decrement(rsp, frame_size_in_bytes);
 
-  if (needs_stack_repair) {
-    // Save stack increment (also account for fixed framesize and rbp)
-    assert((sp_inc & (StackAlignmentInBytes-1)) == 0, "stack increment not aligned");
-    int real_frame_size = sp_inc + frame_size_in_bytes;
-    movptr(Address(rsp, frame_size_in_bytes - wordSize), real_frame_size);
-  }
   if (reset_orig_pc) {
     // Zero orig_pc to detect deoptimization during buffering in the entry points
     movptr(Address(rsp, sp_offset_for_orig_pc), 0);
@@ -256,7 +245,7 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame_helper(int frame_size_in_bytes, int sp_offse
 
 void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes,
                                     int sp_offset_for_orig_pc,
-                                    bool needs_stack_repair, bool has_scalarized_args,
+                                    bool has_scalarized_args,
                                     Label* verified_inline_entry_label) {
   // Make sure there is enough stack space for this method's activation.
   // Note that we do this before doing an enter(). This matches the
@@ -266,7 +255,7 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_by
   assert(bang_size_in_bytes >= frame_size_in_bytes, "stack bang size incorrect");
   generate_stack_overflow_check(bang_size_in_bytes);
 
-  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, 0, has_scalarized_args, needs_stack_repair);
+  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, has_scalarized_args);
 
   BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
   // C1 code is not hot enough to micro optimize the nmethod entry barrier with an out-of-line stub
@@ -303,7 +292,7 @@ int C1_MacroAssembler::scalarized_entry(const CompiledEntrySignature* ces, int f
   int args_passed_cc = SigEntry::fill_sig_bt(sig_cc, sig_bt);
 
   // Create a temp frame so we can call into the runtime. It must be properly set up to accommodate GC.
-  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, 0, true, ces->c1_needs_stack_repair());
+  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, true);
 
   // The runtime call might safepoint, make sure nmethod entry barrier is executed
   BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
@@ -322,20 +311,16 @@ int C1_MacroAssembler::scalarized_entry(const CompiledEntrySignature* ces, int f
   addptr(rsp, frame_size_in_bytes);
   pop(rbp);
 
-  // Check if we need to extend the stack for packing
-  int sp_inc = 0;
-  if (args_on_stack > args_on_stack_cc) {
-    sp_inc = extend_stack_for_inline_args(args_on_stack);
-  }
+  assert(args_on_stack <= args_on_stack_cc, "Sanity check");
 
   shuffle_inline_args(true, is_inline_ro_entry, sig_cc,
                       args_passed_cc, args_on_stack_cc, regs_cc, // from
                       args_passed, args_on_stack, regs,          // to
-                      sp_inc, rax);
+                      0, rax);
 
   // Create the real frame. Below jump will then skip over the stack banging and frame
   // setup code in the verified_inline_entry (which has a different real_frame_size).
-  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, sp_inc, false, ces->c1_needs_stack_repair());
+  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, false);
 
   jmp(verified_inline_entry_label);
   return rt_call_offset;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stackChunkFrameStream_x86.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stackChunkFrameStream_x86.inline.hpp
index 4b0e1417eb6..85004507912 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stackChunkFrameStream_x86.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stackChunkFrameStream_x86.inline.hpp
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ inline bool StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::is_in_frame(void* p0) const {
   int frame_size = _cb->frame_size();
   if (is_compiled()) {
     nmethod* nm = _cb->as_nmethod_or_null();
-    if (nm->needs_stack_repair() && nm->is_compiled_by_c2()) {
+    if (nm->needs_stack_repair()) {
       frame f = to_frame();
       bool augmented = f.was_augmented_on_entry(frame_size);
       if (!augmented) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_FrameMap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_FrameMap.cpp
index a97c320bf96..e0558aa3f1c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_FrameMap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_FrameMap.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ FrameMap::FrameMap(ciMethod* method, int monitors, int reserved_argument_area_si
 }
 
 
-bool FrameMap::finalize_frame(int nof_slots, bool needs_stack_repair) {
+bool FrameMap::finalize_frame(int nof_slots) {
   assert(nof_slots >= 0, "must be positive");
   assert(_num_spills == -1, "can only be set once");
   _num_spills = nof_slots;
@@ -194,7 +194,6 @@ bool FrameMap::finalize_frame(int nof_slots, bool needs_stack_repair) {
   _framesize =  align_up(in_bytes(sp_offset_for_monitor_base(0)) +
                          _num_monitors * (int)sizeof(BasicObjectLock) +
                          (int)sizeof(intptr_t) +                             // offset of deopt orig pc
-                         (needs_stack_repair ? (int)sizeof(intptr_t) : 0) +  // stack increment value
                          frame_pad_in_bytes,
                          StackAlignmentInBytes) / 4;
   int java_index = 0;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_FrameMap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_FrameMap.hpp
index fc8e9a030ff..0b4272f61c7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_FrameMap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_FrameMap.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ class FrameMap : public CompilationResourceObj {
   }
 
   FrameMap(ciMethod* method, int monitors, int reserved_argument_area_size);
-  bool finalize_frame(int nof_slots, bool needs_stack_repair);
+  bool finalize_frame(int nof_slots);
 
   int   reserved_argument_area_size () const     { return _reserved_argument_area_size; }
   int   framesize                   () const     { assert(_framesize != -1, "hasn't been calculated"); return _framesize; }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRAssembler.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRAssembler.cpp
index 1a7608f80e4..6f6c6c9d576 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRAssembler.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRAssembler.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -861,7 +861,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_op4(LIR_Op4* op) {
 
 void LIR_Assembler::build_frame() {
   _masm->build_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes(), bang_size_in_bytes(), in_bytes(frame_map()->sp_offset_for_orig_pc()),
-                     needs_stack_repair(), method()->has_scalarized_args(), &_verified_inline_entry);
+                     method()->has_scalarized_args(), &_verified_inline_entry);
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRAssembler.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRAssembler.hpp
index 6b98a0b97dd..fe2a408c117 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRAssembler.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRAssembler.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -93,10 +93,6 @@ class LIR_Assembler: public CompilationResourceObj {
 
   void emit_stubs(CodeStubList* stub_list);
 
-  bool needs_stack_repair() const {
-    return method()->c1_needs_stack_repair();
-  }
-
  public:
   // addresses
   Address as_Address(LIR_Address* addr);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LinearScan.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LinearScan.cpp
index 2ab99160197..70dbad6d91b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LinearScan.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LinearScan.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ void LinearScan::assign_spill_slot(Interval* it) {
 }
 
 void LinearScan::propagate_spill_slots() {
-  if (!frame_map()->finalize_frame(max_spills(), compilation()->method()->c1_needs_stack_repair())) {
+  if (!frame_map()->finalize_frame(max_spills())) {
     bailout("frame too large");
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_MacroAssembler.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_MacroAssembler.hpp
index f6d177f803f..840ca51d76e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_MacroAssembler.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_MacroAssembler.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ class CompiledEntrySignature;
 class C1_MacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
  private:
   int scalarized_entry(const CompiledEntrySignature* ces, int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, Label& verified_inline_entry_label, bool is_inline_ro_entry);
-  void build_frame_helper(int frame_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, int sp_inc, bool reset_orig_pc, bool needs_stack_repair);
+  void build_frame_helper(int frame_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, bool reset_orig_pc);
  public:
   // creation
   C1_MacroAssembler(CodeBuffer* code) : MacroAssembler(code) { pd_init(); }
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ class C1_MacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
   //----------------------------------------------------
   void explicit_null_check(Register base);
 
-  void build_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc = 0, bool needs_stack_repair = false, bool has_scalarized_args = false, Label* verified_inline_entry_label = nullptr);
+  void build_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc = 0, bool has_scalarized_args = false, Label* verified_inline_entry_label = nullptr);
 
   int verified_entry(const CompiledEntrySignature* ces, int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, Label& verified_inline_entry_label) {
     return scalarized_entry(ces, frame_size_in_bytes, bang_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, verified_inline_entry_label, false);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp
index cf0d600b715..b698149dc2a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciEnv.cpp
@@ -1065,9 +1065,7 @@ void ciEnv::register_method(ciMethod* target,
     assert(compiler->type() == compiler_c2 ||
            offsets->value(CodeOffsets::Exceptions) != -1, "must have exception entry");
 
-    bool needs_stack_repair =
-        (compiler->is_c1() && method()->c1_needs_stack_repair()) ||
-        (compiler->is_c2() && method()->c2_needs_stack_repair());
+    bool needs_stack_repair = (compiler->is_c2() && method()->needs_stack_repair());
 
     nm =  nmethod::new_nmethod(method,
                                compile_id(),
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.cpp
index c89be0b7239..be5c6182d9f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -1624,12 +1624,8 @@ bool ciMethod::mismatch() const {
   return get_Method()->mismatch();
 }
 
-bool ciMethod::c1_needs_stack_repair() const {
-  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return get_Method()->c1_needs_stack_repair();)
-}
-
-bool ciMethod::c2_needs_stack_repair() const {
-  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return get_Method()->c2_needs_stack_repair();)
+bool ciMethod::needs_stack_repair() const {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return get_Method()->needs_stack_repair();)
 }
 
 // ciMethod::is_old
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.hpp
index 75bfbd7f809..5acaa6a5062 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -397,8 +397,7 @@ class ciMethod : public ciMetadata {
   bool has_scalarized_args() const;
   const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* get_sig_cc() const;
   bool mismatch() const;
-  bool c1_needs_stack_repair() const;
-  bool c2_needs_stack_repair() const;
+  bool needs_stack_repair() const;
 
   // Generally, a method cannot return a larval object or receive a larval argument. There are some
   // exceptions.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/constMethodFlags.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/constMethodFlags.hpp
index 0a6851d5cc2..43532356b65 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/constMethodFlags.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/constMethodFlags.hpp
@@ -60,10 +60,9 @@ class ConstMethodFlags {
    flag(deprecated                , 1 << 19) \
    flag(deprecated_for_removal    , 1 << 20) \
    flag(has_scalarized_args       , 1 << 21) \
-   flag(c1_needs_stack_repair     , 1 << 22) \
-   flag(c2_needs_stack_repair     , 1 << 23) \
-   flag(mismatch                  , 1 << 24) \
-   flag(jvmti_hide_events         , 1 << 25) \
+   flag(needs_stack_repair        , 1 << 22) \
+   flag(mismatch                  , 1 << 23) \
+   flag(jvmti_hide_events         , 1 << 24) \
    /* end of list */
 
 #define CM_FLAGS_ENUM_NAME(name, value)    _misc_##name = value,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/method.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/method.hpp
index 3c0deda3640..d199c25d21a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/method.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/method.hpp
@@ -783,11 +783,8 @@ class Method : public Metadata {
   bool is_scalarized_arg(int idx) const;
   bool is_scalarized_buffer_arg(int idx) const;
 
-  bool c1_needs_stack_repair() const { return constMethod()->c1_needs_stack_repair(); }
-  void set_c1_needs_stack_repair() { constMethod()->set_c1_needs_stack_repair(); }
-
-  bool c2_needs_stack_repair() const { return constMethod()->c2_needs_stack_repair(); }
-  void set_c2_needs_stack_repair() { constMethod()->set_c2_needs_stack_repair(); }
+  bool needs_stack_repair() const { return constMethod()->needs_stack_repair(); }
+  void set_needs_stack_repair() { constMethod()->set_needs_stack_repair(); }
 
   bool mismatch() const { return constMethod()->mismatch(); }
   void set_mismatch() { constMethod()->set_mismatch(); }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp
index 70d758d37be..097890a7893 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp
@@ -681,7 +681,7 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
 
   // Support for scalarized inline type calling convention
   bool              has_scalarized_args() const  { return _method != nullptr && _method->has_scalarized_args(); }
-  bool              needs_stack_repair()  const  { return _method != nullptr && _method->c2_needs_stack_repair(); }
+  bool              needs_stack_repair()  const  { return _method != nullptr && _method->needs_stack_repair(); }
   bool              needs_nm_slot()       const  { return _needs_nm_slot; }
   void          set_needs_nm_slot(bool v)        { _needs_nm_slot = v; }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
index 60a921ac321..15d994d02b7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
@@ -1291,7 +1291,7 @@ freeze_result FreezeBase::recurse_freeze_compiled_frame(frame& f, frame& caller,
     Method* method = nm->method();
     address return_pc = ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame::return_pc(f);
     CodeBlob* caller_cb = CodeCache::find_blob_fast(return_pc);
-    assert(nm->is_compiled_by_c2() || (caller_cb->is_nmethod() && caller_cb->as_nmethod()->is_compiled_by_c2()), "caller or callee should be c2 compiled");
+    assert(nm->is_compiled_by_c2(), "caller should be c2 compiled");
     assert((!caller_cb->is_nmethod() && nm->is_compiled_by_c2()) ||
            (nm->compiler_type() != caller_cb->as_nmethod()->compiler_type()) ||
            (nm->is_compiled_by_c2() && !method->is_static() && method->method_holder()->is_inline_klass()),
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
index c219c5c23ec..c02782af625 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
@@ -2756,7 +2756,7 @@ CompiledEntrySignature::CompiledEntrySignature(Method* method) :
   _method(method), _num_inline_args(0), _has_inline_recv(false),
   _regs(nullptr), _regs_cc(nullptr), _regs_cc_ro(nullptr),
   _args_on_stack(0), _args_on_stack_cc(0), _args_on_stack_cc_ro(0),
-  _c1_needs_stack_repair(false), _c2_needs_stack_repair(false), _supers(nullptr) {
+  _needs_stack_repair(false), _supers(nullptr) {
   _sig = new GrowableArray<SigEntry>((method != nullptr) ? method->size_of_parameters() : 1);
   _sig_cc = new GrowableArray<SigEntry>((method != nullptr) ? method->size_of_parameters() : 1);
   _sig_cc_ro = new GrowableArray<SigEntry>((method != nullptr) ? method->size_of_parameters() : 1);
@@ -2971,8 +2971,8 @@ void CompiledEntrySignature::compute_calling_conventions(bool link_time) {
     _regs_cc_ro = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(VMRegPair, _sig_cc_ro->length());
     _args_on_stack_cc_ro = SharedRuntime::java_calling_convention(_sig_cc_ro, _regs_cc_ro);
 
-    _c1_needs_stack_repair = (_args_on_stack_cc < _args_on_stack) || (_args_on_stack_cc_ro < _args_on_stack);
-    _c2_needs_stack_repair = (_args_on_stack_cc > _args_on_stack) || (_args_on_stack_cc > _args_on_stack_cc_ro);
+    assert(_args_on_stack_cc >= _args_on_stack && _args_on_stack_cc_ro >= _args_on_stack, "Sanity check");
+    _needs_stack_repair = (_args_on_stack_cc > _args_on_stack) || (_args_on_stack_cc > _args_on_stack_cc_ro);
 
     // Limit the scalarized stack argument area to ensure that generated entry
     // points fit into nmethod's uint16_t *_entry_offset fields.
@@ -2991,8 +2991,7 @@ void CompiledEntrySignature::compute_calling_conventions(bool link_time) {
       assert(_args_on_stack_cc == _args_on_stack_cc_ro, "calling conventions must match");
       _has_inline_recv = false;
       _num_inline_args--;
-      _c1_needs_stack_repair = _args_on_stack_cc < _args_on_stack;
-      _c2_needs_stack_repair = _args_on_stack_cc > _args_on_stack;
+      _needs_stack_repair = _args_on_stack_cc > _args_on_stack;
       return; // Success
     }
 
@@ -3150,8 +3149,8 @@ void CompiledEntrySignature::initialize_from_fingerprint(AdapterFingerPrint* fin
     _regs_cc_ro = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(VMRegPair, _sig_cc_ro->length());
     _args_on_stack_cc_ro = SharedRuntime::java_calling_convention(_sig_cc_ro, _regs_cc_ro);
 
-    _c1_needs_stack_repair = (_args_on_stack_cc < _args_on_stack) || (_args_on_stack_cc_ro < _args_on_stack);
-    _c2_needs_stack_repair = (_args_on_stack_cc > _args_on_stack) || (_args_on_stack_cc > _args_on_stack_cc_ro);
+    assert(_args_on_stack_cc >= _args_on_stack && _args_on_stack_cc_ro >= _args_on_stack, "Sanity check");
+    _needs_stack_repair = (_args_on_stack_cc > _args_on_stack) || (_args_on_stack_cc > _args_on_stack_cc_ro);
   } else {
     // No scalarized args
     _sig_cc = _sig;
@@ -3211,11 +3210,8 @@ AdapterHandlerEntry* AdapterHandlerLibrary::get_adapter(const methodHandle& meth
     if (!method->has_scalarized_args()) {
       method->set_has_scalarized_args();
     }
-    if (ces.c1_needs_stack_repair()) {
-      method->set_c1_needs_stack_repair();
-    }
-    if (ces.c2_needs_stack_repair() && !method->c2_needs_stack_repair()) {
-      method->set_c2_needs_stack_repair();
+    if (ces.needs_stack_repair() && !method->needs_stack_repair()) {
+      method->set_needs_stack_repair();
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp
index e930dbc5f6f..86784aef8f2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp
@@ -970,8 +970,7 @@ class CompiledEntrySignature : public StackObj {
   int _args_on_stack_cc;
   int _args_on_stack_cc_ro;
 
-  bool _c1_needs_stack_repair;
-  bool _c2_needs_stack_repair;
+  bool _needs_stack_repair;
 
   GrowableArray<Method*>* _supers;
   GrowableArray<Method*>* get_supers();
@@ -1001,8 +1000,7 @@ class CompiledEntrySignature : public StackObj {
   bool has_inline_recv()               const { return _has_inline_recv; }
 
   bool has_scalarized_args()           const { return _sig != _sig_cc; }
-  bool c1_needs_stack_repair()         const { return _c1_needs_stack_repair; }
-  bool c2_needs_stack_repair()         const { return _c2_needs_stack_repair; }
+  bool needs_stack_repair()            const { return _needs_stack_repair; }
   CodeOffsets::Entries c1_inline_ro_entry_type() const;
 
   CompiledEntrySignature(Method* method = nullptr);

From 433cfb96238a2f554295e3630336c61f070d2244 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Albert Mingkun Yang <ayang@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 14:17:35 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 481/707] 8388169: Test
 gc/g1/TestCodeCacheUnloadDuringConcurrentMark.java failed: Expected a
 not-entrant target nmethod before concurrent mark

Reviewed-by: tschatzl, iwalulya
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt      |   1 -
 .../hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestCodeCacheUnload.java |  72 ++++-------
 ...stCodeCacheUnloadDuringConcurrentMark.java |  79 ++++--------
 .../jtreg/gc/testlibrary/CodeCacheUtils.java  | 117 ++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 169 insertions(+), 100 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/testlibrary/CodeCacheUtils.java

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt
index 4b182d10501..1262c1698bd 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt
@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/capability/CM03/cm03t001/TestDescription.java 829
 vmTestbase/nsk/stress/thread/thread006.java 8321476 linux-all
 
 gc/arguments/TestNewSizeFlags.java 8299116 macosx-aarch64
-gc/g1/TestCodeCacheUnloadDuringConcurrentMark.java 8388169 generic-all
 
 #############################################################################
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestCodeCacheUnload.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestCodeCacheUnload.java
index 03c857dba1e..88225c2fd04 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestCodeCacheUnload.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestCodeCacheUnload.java
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
  * @test id=serial
  * @summary Tests that one full GC unloads a freshly not-entrant nmethod.
  * @requires vm.gc.Serial
+ * @requires vm.flagless
  * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled
  * @requires vm.opt.ClassUnloading != false
  * @requires vm.opt.MethodFlushing != false
@@ -44,6 +45,7 @@
  * @test id=parallel
  * @summary Tests that one full GC unloads a freshly not-entrant nmethod.
  * @requires vm.gc.Parallel
+ * @requires vm.flagless
  * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled
  * @requires vm.opt.ClassUnloading != false
  * @requires vm.opt.MethodFlushing != false
@@ -61,6 +63,7 @@
  * @test id=g1
  * @summary Tests that one full GC unloads a freshly not-entrant nmethod.
  * @requires vm.gc.G1
+ * @requires vm.flagless
  * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled
  * @requires vm.opt.ClassUnloading != false
  * @requires vm.opt.MethodFlushing != false
@@ -78,6 +81,7 @@
  * @test id=shenandoah
  * @summary Tests that one full GC unloads a freshly not-entrant nmethod.
  * @requires vm.gc.Shenandoah
+ * @requires vm.flagless
  * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled
  * @requires vm.opt.ClassUnloading != false
  * @requires vm.opt.MethodFlushing != false
@@ -95,6 +99,7 @@
  * @test id=z
  * @summary Tests that one full GC unloads a freshly not-entrant nmethod.
  * @requires vm.gc.Z
+ * @requires vm.flagless
  * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled
  * @requires vm.opt.ClassUnloading != false
  * @requires vm.opt.MethodFlushing != false
@@ -110,68 +115,45 @@
 
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
 
-import jdk.test.lib.dcmd.JMXExecutor;
-import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import gc.testlibrary.CodeCacheUtils;
 import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.gc.GC;
 
 public class TestCodeCacheUnload {
     private static final WhiteBox WB = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
 
     public static class Target {
-        public static int test(int value) {
-            return value + 1;
+        public static int test() {
+            return 1;
         }
     }
 
-    private static void compileAndMakeNotEntrant() throws Exception {
-        Method method = Target.class.getDeclaredMethod("test", int.class);
-
-        method.invoke(null, 1);
-        if (!WB.enqueueMethodForCompilation(method, 1 /* compLevel */)) {
-            throw new AssertionError("Failed to enqueue target for compilation");
-        }
-        while (WB.isMethodQueuedForCompilation(method)) {
-            Thread.sleep(50);
-        }
-        if (!WB.isMethodCompiled(method)) {
-            throw new AssertionError("Target is not compiled");
-        }
+    private static void runTest() throws Exception {
+        Method method = Target.class.getDeclaredMethod("test");
+        int compileId = CodeCacheUtils.compileAndMakeNotEntrant(method);
+        WB.fullGC();
 
-        int deoptimized = WB.deoptimizeMethod(method);
-        if (deoptimized == 0) {
-            throw new AssertionError("No target nmethod was made not-entrant");
+        if (CodeCacheUtils.codelistContains(compileId, method, 1, 1 /* not_entrant */)) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Expected one full GC to unload the not-entrant nmethod");
         }
     }
 
-    private static int countNotEntrantEntries() {
-        OutputAnalyzer output = new JMXExecutor().execute("Compiler.codelist");
-        String target = "gc.TestCodeCacheUnload$Target.test";
-        int result = 0;
-
-        for (String line : output.asLines()) {
-            if (!line.contains(target)) {
-                continue;
-            }
-
-            System.out.println("Found codelist entry: " + line);
-            String[] parts = line.trim().split("\\s+");
-            int codeState = Integer.parseInt(parts[2]);
-            if (codeState == 1 /* not_entrant */) {
-                result++;
-            }
+    private static void runTestG1() throws Exception {
+        // Prevent a concurrent mark from owning the code-cache cycle in which
+        // the target nmethod is created; the full GC must start a later cycle.
+        WB.concurrentGCAcquireControl();
+        try {
+            runTest();
+        } finally {
+            WB.concurrentGCReleaseControl();
         }
-
-        return result;
     }
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        compileAndMakeNotEntrant();
-        WB.fullGC();
-
-        int notEntrantEntries = countNotEntrantEntries();
-        System.out.println("Target not-entrant entries after 1 full GC: " + notEntrantEntries);
-        if (notEntrantEntries != 0) {
-            throw new AssertionError("Expected one full GC to unload the not-entrant nmethod");
+        if (GC.G1.isSelected()) {
+            runTestG1();
+        } else {
+            runTest();
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestCodeCacheUnloadDuringConcurrentMark.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestCodeCacheUnloadDuringConcurrentMark.java
index 0c2d473b021..92fbbd58002 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestCodeCacheUnloadDuringConcurrentMark.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/g1/TestCodeCacheUnloadDuringConcurrentMark.java
@@ -27,11 +27,12 @@
  * @test TestCodeCacheUnloadDuringConcurrentMark
  * @summary Tests that G1 concurrent marking unloads a freshly not-entrant nmethod.
  * @requires vm.gc.G1
+ * @requires vm.flagless
  * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled
  * @requires vm.opt.ClassUnloading != false
  * @requires vm.opt.ClassUnloadingWithConcurrentMark != false
  * @requires vm.opt.MethodFlushing != false
- * @library /test/lib
+ * @library /test/lib /
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  *          java.management
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
@@ -45,71 +46,41 @@
 
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
 
-import jdk.test.lib.dcmd.JMXExecutor;
+import gc.testlibrary.CodeCacheUtils;
 import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
 
 public class TestCodeCacheUnloadDuringConcurrentMark {
     private static final WhiteBox WB = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
 
-    static class Target {
-        public static int test(int value) {
-            return value + 1;
+    public static class Target {
+        public static int test() {
+            return 1;
         }
     }
 
-    private static void compileAndMakeNotEntrant(Method method) throws Exception {
-        Target.test(1);
-        if (!WB.enqueueMethodForCompilation(method, 1 /* compLevel */)) {
-            throw new AssertionError("Failed to enqueue target for compilation");
-        }
-        while (WB.isMethodQueuedForCompilation(method)) {
-            Thread.sleep(50);
-        }
-        if (!WB.isMethodCompiled(method)) {
-            throw new AssertionError("Target is not compiled");
-        }
-
-        int deoptimized = WB.deoptimizeMethod(method);
-        if (deoptimized == 0) {
-            throw new AssertionError("No target nmethod was made not-entrant");
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static int countNotEntrantEntries() {
-        String target = TestCodeCacheUnloadDuringConcurrentMark.class.getName() + "$Target.test";
-        int result = 0;
-
-        for (String line : new JMXExecutor().execute("Compiler.codelist", true).asLines()) {
-            if (!line.contains(target)) {
-                continue;
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        // Keep an automatic cycle from reclaiming the target before the
+        // test-owned concurrent mark reaches it.
+        WB.concurrentGCAcquireControl();
+        try {
+            Method method = Target.class.getDeclaredMethod("test");
+            int compileId = CodeCacheUtils.compileAndMakeNotEntrant(method);
+            if (!CodeCacheUtils.codelistContains(compileId, method, 1, 1 /* not_entrant */)) {
+                throw new AssertionError("Expected a not-entrant target nmethod before concurrent mark");
             }
 
-            System.out.println("Found codelist entry: " + line);
-            String[] parts = line.trim().split("\\s+");
-            int codeState = Integer.parseInt(parts[2]);
-            if (codeState == 1 /* not_entrant */) {
-                result++;
+            int completedCycles = WB.g1CompletedConcurrentMarkCycles();
+            WB.concurrentGCRunTo(WB.AFTER_MARKING_STARTED);
+            WB.concurrentGCRunToIdle();
+            if (completedCycles >= WB.g1CompletedConcurrentMarkCycles()) {
+                throw new AssertionError("Concurrent GC aborted");
             }
-        }
-
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        compileAndMakeNotEntrant(Target.class.getDeclaredMethod("test", int.class));
 
-        int notEntrantEntries = countNotEntrantEntries();
-        System.out.println("Target not-entrant entries before concurrent mark: " + notEntrantEntries);
-        if (notEntrantEntries == 0) {
-            throw new AssertionError("Expected a not-entrant target nmethod before concurrent mark");
-        }
-
-        WB.g1RunConcurrentGC();
-
-        notEntrantEntries = countNotEntrantEntries();
-        System.out.println("Target not-entrant entries after concurrent mark: " + notEntrantEntries);
-        if (notEntrantEntries != 0) {
-            throw new AssertionError("Expected concurrent mark to unload the not-entrant target nmethod");
+            if (CodeCacheUtils.codelistContains(compileId, method, 1, 1 /* not_entrant */)) {
+                throw new AssertionError("Expected concurrent mark to unload the not-entrant target nmethod");
+            }
+        } finally {
+            WB.concurrentGCReleaseControl();
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/testlibrary/CodeCacheUtils.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/testlibrary/CodeCacheUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..71f5fbef3e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/testlibrary/CodeCacheUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package gc.testlibrary;
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.dcmd.JMXExecutor;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.code.NMethod;
+
+public final class CodeCacheUtils {
+    private CodeCacheUtils() {}
+
+    /**
+     * Compiles the given static no-argument method at level 1 and makes it
+     * not-entrant. The method is invoked once to initialize its declaring class.
+     *
+     * @return the compile id of the not-entrant nmethod
+     */
+    public static int compileAndMakeNotEntrant(Method method) throws Exception {
+        WhiteBox WB = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+        method.invoke(null);
+        if (!WB.enqueueMethodForCompilation(method, 1 /* compLevel */)) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Failed to enqueue target for compilation");
+        }
+        while (WB.isMethodQueuedForCompilation(method)) {
+            Thread.sleep(50);
+        }
+        NMethod nmethod = NMethod.get(method, false);
+        if (nmethod == null || nmethod.comp_level != 1) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Target is not compiled at level 1");
+        }
+
+        int deoptimized = WB.deoptimizeMethod(method);
+        if (deoptimized == 0) {
+            throw new AssertionError("No target nmethod was made not-entrant");
+        }
+        return nmethod.compile_id;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks whether Compiler.codelist contains the requested nmethod.
+     *
+     * Each line starts with these fields, followed by an address range:
+     *
+     *   compile_id comp_level state class.method(descriptor)
+     *
+     * The address range is not used. The command lists only nmethods that are
+     * not unloading.
+     */
+    public static boolean codelistContains(int compileId, Method method,
+                                           int expectedLevel, int expectedState) {
+        OutputAnalyzer output = new JMXExecutor().execute("Compiler.codelist", true);
+        MethodType methodType = MethodType.methodType(method.getReturnType(),
+                                                      method.getParameterTypes());
+        String methodName = method.getDeclaringClass().getName() + "." + method.getName()
+                + methodType.descriptorString();
+        boolean hasEntries = false;
+        for (String line : output.asLines()) {
+            String trimmed = line.trim();
+            if (trimmed.isEmpty()) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            String[] parts = trimmed.split(" ");
+            if (parts.length < 4) {
+                throw new AssertionError("Malformed Compiler.codelist entry: " + line);
+            }
+
+            int id;
+            int level;
+            int state;
+            try {
+                id = Integer.parseInt(parts[0]);
+                level = Integer.parseInt(parts[1]);
+                state = Integer.parseInt(parts[2]);
+            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
+                throw new AssertionError("Malformed Compiler.codelist entry: " + line, e);
+            }
+            hasEntries = true;
+
+            if (id == compileId && parts[3].equals(methodName)) {
+                if (level != expectedLevel || state != expectedState) {
+                    throw new AssertionError("Unexpected target nmethod entry: " + line);
+                }
+                System.out.println("Found codelist entry: " + line);
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        if (!hasEntries) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Compiler.codelist returned no entries");
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+}

From a111b32322df09cd54c1c4f9ae8514a042507358 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 14:53:19 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 482/707] 8389554: ARM32: Unbreak non-preview mode after JEP
 401 integration

Reviewed-by: bulasevich, fbredberg
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/arm/arm.ad                    |  25 ++++-
 src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_LIRAssembler_arm.cpp   |   5 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_MacroAssembler_arm.cpp |   8 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_Runtime1_arm.cpp       |   4 +
 src/hotspot/cpu/arm/interp_masm_arm.cpp       |  35 +++++-
 src/hotspot/cpu/arm/interp_masm_arm.hpp       |  11 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/arm/sharedRuntime_arm.cpp     | 101 ++++++++++++++++--
 src/hotspot/cpu/arm/templateTable_arm.cpp     |  19 +++-
 src/hotspot/cpu/arm/vm_version_arm_32.cpp     |  43 ++++++++
 9 files changed, 222 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/arm.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/arm.ad
index 8d399882688..6b8b37f53b5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/arm.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/arm.ad
@@ -4269,6 +4269,27 @@ instruct storeL_volatile_fp(memoryD mem, iRegL src) %{
   ins_pipe(istore_mem_reg);
 %}
 
+instruct storeL_immI0(memorylong mem, immI0 zero, iRegI temp) %{
+  predicate(!((StoreLNode*)n)->require_atomic_access());
+  match(Set mem (StoreL mem zero));
+  effect(TEMP temp);
+  ins_cost(MEMORY_REF_COST + DEFAULT_COST);
+
+  size(12);
+  format %{ "MOV    $temp,0\n\t"
+            "STR    $temp,$mem\t! long zero\n\t"
+            "STR    $temp,$mem+4" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ mov($temp$$Register, 0);
+    Address Amemlo = Address::make_raw($mem$$base, $mem$$index, $mem$$scale, $mem$$disp, relocInfo::none);
+    Address Amemhi = Address::make_raw($mem$$base, $mem$$index, $mem$$scale, $mem$$disp + 4, relocInfo::none);
+    __ str($temp$$Register, Amemlo);
+    __ str($temp$$Register, Amemhi);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(istore_mem_reg);
+%}
+
 #ifdef XXX
 // Move SP Pointer
 //instruct movSP(sp_ptr_RegP dst, SPRegP src) %{
@@ -9007,8 +9028,8 @@ instruct cmpFastUnlock(flagsRegP pcc, iRegP object, iRegP box, iRegP scratch2, i
 
 // Count and Base registers are fixed because the allocator cannot
 // kill unknown registers.  The encodings are generic.
-instruct clear_array(iRegX cnt, iRegP base, iRegI temp, iRegX zero, Universe dummy, flagsReg cpsr) %{
-  match(Set dummy (ClearArray cnt base));
+instruct clear_array(iRegX cnt, iRegP base, iRegI temp, iRegX zero, immI0 val, Universe dummy, flagsReg cpsr) %{
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
   effect(TEMP temp, TEMP zero, KILL cpsr);
   ins_cost(300);
   format %{ "MOV    $zero,0\n"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_LIRAssembler_arm.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_LIRAssembler_arm.cpp
index 62424d9df22..a3f24592e9d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_LIRAssembler_arm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_LIRAssembler_arm.cpp
@@ -2878,7 +2878,10 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_opFlattenedArrayCheck(LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck* op) {
 }
 
 void LIR_Assembler::emit_opNullFreeArrayCheck(LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck* op) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  // Since there is no markWord::null_free_array_bit_in_place on ARM32,
+  // setting the EQ flag by cmp(tmp, tmp) by will tell C1 that the array is NOT null-free.
+  Register tmp = op->tmp()->as_register();
+  __ cmp(tmp, tmp);
 }
 
 void LIR_Assembler::emit_opSubstitutabilityCheck(LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck* op) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_MacroAssembler_arm.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_MacroAssembler_arm.cpp
index 1776effc7c3..81739b645e2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_MacroAssembler_arm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_MacroAssembler_arm.cpp
@@ -220,6 +220,10 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::unlock_object(Register hdr, Register obj, Register basic
   // Success: fall through
 }
 
+int C1_MacroAssembler::scalarized_entry(const CompiledEntrySignature* ces, int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, Label& verified_inline_entry_label, bool is_inline_ro_entry) {
+  Unimplemented();
+}
+
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 
 void C1_MacroAssembler::verify_stack_oop(int stack_offset) {
@@ -236,8 +240,4 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::verify_not_null_oop(Register r) {
   verify_oop(r);
 }
 
-int C1_MacroAssembler::scalarized_entry(const CompiledEntrySignature* ces, int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, Label& verified_inline_entry_label, bool is_inline_ro_entry) {
-  Unimplemented();
-}
-
 #endif // !PRODUCT
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_Runtime1_arm.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_Runtime1_arm.cpp
index 9983f2ce7a2..2842227726a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_Runtime1_arm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/c1_Runtime1_arm.cpp
@@ -715,6 +715,10 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
     default:
       {
         __ set_info("unimplemented entry", dont_gc_arguments);
+        // This stub would fail at runtime. But asserts during stub generation
+        // would assert things about oop maps. Pretend we have one.
+        oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+        oop_maps->add_gc_map(__ offset(), generate_oop_map(sasm));
         STOP("unimplemented entry");
       }
       break;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/interp_masm_arm.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/interp_masm_arm.cpp
index 89f7791626d..4549b31e492 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/interp_masm_arm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/interp_masm_arm.cpp
@@ -323,7 +323,8 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::gen_subtype_check(Register Rsub_klass,
                                                   Register Rsuper_klass,
                                                   Label &not_subtype,
                                                   Register tmp1,
-                                                  Register tmp2) {
+                                                  Register tmp2,
+                                                  bool profile) {
 
   assert_different_registers(Rsub_klass, Rsuper_klass, tmp1, tmp2, Rtemp);
   Label ok_is_subtype, loop, update_cache;
@@ -331,8 +332,11 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::gen_subtype_check(Register Rsub_klass,
   const Register super_check_offset = tmp1;
   const Register cached_super = tmp2;
 
-  // Profile the not-null value's klass.
-  profile_typecheck(tmp1, Rsub_klass);
+  // Profile the not-null value's klass. Only valid when the current bytecode
+  // has a checkcast-style ReceiverTypeData entry in the MethodData.
+  if (profile) {
+    profile_typecheck(tmp1, Rsub_klass);
+  }
 
   // Load the super-klass's check offset into
   ldr_u32(super_check_offset, Address(Rsuper_klass, Klass::super_check_offset_offset()));
@@ -1149,7 +1153,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_taken_branch(Register mdp, Register bump
 
 
 // Sets mdp, blows Rtemp.
-void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp) {
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp, bool acmp) {
   assert_different_registers(mdp, Rtemp);
 
   if (ProfileInterpreter) {
@@ -1162,12 +1166,33 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp) {
     increment_mdp_data_at(mdp, in_bytes(BranchData::not_taken_offset()), Rtemp);
 
     // The method data pointer needs to be updated to correspond to the next bytecode
-    update_mdp_by_constant(mdp, in_bytes(BranchData::branch_data_size()));
+    update_mdp_by_constant(mdp, acmp ? in_bytes(ACmpData::acmp_data_size())
+                                     : in_bytes(BranchData::branch_data_size()));
 
     bind (profile_continue);
   }
 }
 
+// Does not really profile, just moves MDP to match offsets.
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_array_load(Register mdp) {
+  if (ProfileInterpreter) {
+    Label L_skip;
+    test_method_data_pointer(mdp, L_skip);
+    update_mdp_by_constant(mdp, in_bytes(ArrayLoadData::array_load_data_size()));
+    bind(L_skip);
+  }
+}
+
+// Does not really profile, just moves MDP to match offsets.
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_array_store(Register mdp) {
+  if (ProfileInterpreter) {
+    Label L_skip;
+    test_method_data_pointer(mdp, L_skip);
+    update_mdp_by_constant(mdp, in_bytes(ArrayStoreData::array_store_data_size()));
+    bind(L_skip);
+  }
+}
+
 
 // Sets mdp, blows Rtemp.
 void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_call(Register mdp) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/interp_masm_arm.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/interp_masm_arm.hpp
index 147cd252b2c..bed2c203712 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/interp_masm_arm.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/interp_masm_arm.hpp
@@ -152,10 +152,12 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
   // Generate a subtype check: branch to not_subtype if sub_klass is
   // not a subtype of super_klass.
   // Profiling code for the subtype check failure (profile_typecheck_failed)
-  // should be explicitly generated by the caller in the not_subtype case.
+  // should be explicitly generated by the caller in the not_subtype case,
+  // unless handled separately; pass profile = false in this case.
   // Blows Rtemp, tmp1, tmp2.
   void gen_subtype_check(Register Rsub_klass, Register Rsuper_klass,
-                         Label &not_subtype, Register tmp1, Register tmp2);
+                         Label &not_subtype, Register tmp1, Register tmp2,
+                         bool profile = true);
 
   // Dispatching
   void dispatch_prolog(TosState state, int step = 0);
@@ -235,7 +237,10 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
   void update_mdp_for_ret(Register return_bci);                   // Blows R0-R3/R0-R18, Rtemp, LR
 
   void profile_taken_branch(Register mdp, Register bumped_count); // Sets mdp, bumped_count registers, blows Rtemp.
-  void profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp);                    // Sets mdp, blows Rtemp.
+  void profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp, bool acmp = false); // Sets mdp, blows Rtemp.
+
+  void profile_array_load(Register mdp);                          // Sets mdp.
+  void profile_array_store(Register mdp);                         // Sets mdp.
 
   void profile_call(Register mdp);                                // Sets mdp, blows Rtemp.
   void profile_final_call(Register mdp);                          // Sets mdp, blows Rtemp.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/sharedRuntime_arm.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/sharedRuntime_arm.cpp
index 37c7f49b9d8..d0fba14d8aa 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/sharedRuntime_arm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/sharedRuntime_arm.cpp
@@ -351,6 +351,80 @@ int SharedRuntime::c_calling_convention(const BasicType *sig_bt,
   return slot;
 }
 
+// InlineTypeReturnedAsFields is disabled, so we need to only care about the single return value
+// in this calling convention.
+const uint SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_int = 1;
+const uint SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_float = 1;
+
+int SharedRuntime::java_return_convention(const BasicType *sig_bt, VMRegPair *regs, int total_args_passed) {
+  uint int_args = 0;
+#ifdef __ABI_HARD__
+  uint fp_args = 0;
+#endif // __ABI_HARD__
+  for (int i = 0; i < total_args_passed; i++) {
+    switch (sig_bt[i]) {
+      case T_BOOLEAN:
+      case T_CHAR:
+      case T_BYTE:
+      case T_SHORT:
+      case T_INT:
+      case T_OBJECT:
+      case T_ARRAY:
+      case T_ADDRESS:
+      case T_METADATA:
+#ifndef __ABI_HARD__
+      case T_FLOAT:
+#endif // !__ABI_HARD__
+        if (int_args < java_return_convention_max_int) {
+          regs[i].set1(R0->as_VMReg());
+          int_args++;
+        } else {
+          return -1;
+        }
+        break;
+      case T_LONG:
+#ifndef __ABI_HARD__
+      case T_DOUBLE:
+#endif // !__ABI_HARD__
+        assert((i + 1) < total_args_passed && sig_bt[i + 1] == T_VOID, "expecting half");
+        if (int_args < java_return_convention_max_int) {
+          regs[i].set_pair(R1->as_VMReg(), R0->as_VMReg());
+          int_args++;
+        } else {
+          return -1;
+        }
+        break;
+#ifdef __ABI_HARD__
+      case T_FLOAT:
+        if (fp_args < java_return_convention_max_float) {
+          regs[i].set1(S0->as_VMReg());
+          fp_args++;
+        } else {
+          return -1;
+        }
+        break;
+      case T_DOUBLE:
+        assert((i + 1) < total_args_passed && sig_bt[i + 1] == T_VOID, "expecting half");
+        if (fp_args < java_return_convention_max_float) {
+          regs[i].set_pair(S1_reg->as_VMReg(), S0->as_VMReg());
+          fp_args++;
+        } else {
+          return -1;
+        }
+        break;
+#endif // !__ABI_HARD__
+      case T_VOID:
+        regs[i].set_bad();
+        break;
+      default:
+        ShouldNotReachHere();
+        break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return int_args + fp_args;
+}
+
 int SharedRuntime::vector_calling_convention(VMRegPair *regs,
                                              uint num_bits,
                                              uint total_args_passed) {
@@ -625,10 +699,15 @@ void SharedRuntime::generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler* masm,
                                             AdapterBlob*& new_adapter,
                                             bool allocate_code_blob) {
 
+  OopMapSet* oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+  int frame_complete = CodeOffsets::frame_never_safe;
+  int frame_size_in_words = 0;
+
   entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C] = __ pc();
   gen_i2c_adapter(masm, comp_args_on_stack, sig, regs);
 
   entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified] = __ pc();
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified_Inline] = __ pc();
   Label skip_fixup;
   const Register receiver       = R0;
   const Register holder_klass   = Rtemp; // XXX should be OK for C2 but not 100% sure
@@ -642,9 +721,21 @@ void SharedRuntime::generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler* masm,
   __ jump(SharedRuntime::get_ic_miss_stub(), relocInfo::runtime_call_type, noreg, ne);
 
   entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I] = __ pc();
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Inline] = __ pc();
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Inline_RO] = __ pc();
+
   entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check] = nullptr;
   gen_c2i_adapter(masm, comp_args_on_stack, sig, regs, skip_fixup);
-  return;
+
+  // The c2i adapters might safepoint and trigger a GC. The caller must make sure that
+  // the GC knows about the location of oop argument locations passed to the c2i adapter.
+  if (allocate_code_blob) {
+    bool caller_must_gc_arguments = (regs != regs_cc);
+    int entry_offset[AdapterHandlerEntry::ENTRIES_COUNT];
+    assert(AdapterHandlerEntry::ENTRIES_COUNT == 7, "sanity");
+    AdapterHandlerLibrary::address_to_offset(entry_address, entry_offset);
+    new_adapter = AdapterBlob::create(masm->code(), entry_offset, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, oop_maps, caller_must_gc_arguments);
+  }
 }
 
 
@@ -1851,14 +1942,6 @@ RuntimeStub* SharedRuntime::generate_jfr_return_lease() {
 
 #endif // INCLUDE_JFR
 
-const uint SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_int = 0; // Argument::n_int_register_parameters_j;
-const uint SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_float = 0; // Argument::n_float_register_parameters_j;
-
-int SharedRuntime::java_return_convention(const BasicType *sig_bt, VMRegPair *regs, int total_args_passed) {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return 0;
-}
-
 BufferedInlineTypeBlob* SharedRuntime::generate_buffered_inline_type_adapter(const InlineKlass* vk) {
   Unimplemented();
   return nullptr;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/templateTable_arm.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/templateTable_arm.cpp
index 50e3761dcb9..d4e7a77f4df 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/templateTable_arm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/templateTable_arm.cpp
@@ -888,6 +888,7 @@ void TemplateTable::aaload() {
 
   index_check(Rarray, Rindex);
   do_oop_load(_masm, R0_tos, get_array_elem_addr_same_base(T_OBJECT, Rarray, Rindex, Rtemp), IS_ARRAY);
+  __ profile_array_load(Rarray);
 }
 
 
@@ -1229,6 +1230,8 @@ void TemplateTable::aastore() {
 
   index_check_without_pop(Rarray_3, Rindex_4);
 
+  __ profile_array_store(R0_tmp);
+
   // Compute the array base
   __ add(Raddr_1, Rarray_3, arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT));
 
@@ -1241,7 +1244,8 @@ void TemplateTable::aastore() {
   __ load_klass(Rtemp, Rarray_3);
   __ ldr(Rsuper_LR, Address(Rtemp, ObjArrayKlass::element_klass_offset()));
 
-  __ gen_subtype_check(Rsub_5, Rsuper_LR, throw_array_store, R0_tmp, R3_tmp);
+  // Already called profile_array_store above, no profiling required.
+  __ gen_subtype_check(Rsub_5, Rsuper_LR, throw_array_store, R0_tmp, R3_tmp, /* profile = */ false);
   // Come here on success
 
   // Store value
@@ -1254,14 +1258,11 @@ void TemplateTable::aastore() {
   __ bind(throw_array_store);
 
   // Come here on failure of subtype check
-  __ profile_typecheck_failed(R0_tmp);
-
   // object is at TOS
   __ b(Interpreter::_throw_ArrayStoreException_entry);
 
   // Have a null in Rvalue_2, store null at array[index].
   __ bind(is_null);
-  __ profile_null_seen(R0_tmp);
 
   // Store a null
   do_oop_store(_masm, Address::indexed_oop(Raddr_1, Rindex_4), Rvalue_2, Rtemp, R0_tmp, R3_tmp, true, IS_ARRAY);
@@ -2213,7 +2214,7 @@ void TemplateTable::if_acmp(Condition cc) {
   __ b(not_taken, convNegCond(cc));
   branch(false, false);
   __ bind(not_taken);
-  __ profile_not_taken_branch(R0_tmp);
+  __ profile_not_taken_branch(R0_tmp, /* acmp = */ true);
 }
 
 
@@ -3468,6 +3469,10 @@ void TemplateTable::fast_storefield(TosState state) {
   Address addr = Address(Robj, Roffset);
   // access field
   switch (bytecode()) {
+    case Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield:
+      // field is flat
+      __ stop("Should not reach here");
+      break;
     case Bytecodes::_fast_zputfield:
       __ access_store_at(T_BOOLEAN, IN_HEAP, addr, R0_tos, noreg, noreg, noreg, false);
       break;
@@ -3553,6 +3558,10 @@ void TemplateTable::fast_accessfield(TosState state) {
   Address addr = Address(Robj, Roffset);
   // access field
   switch (bytecode()) {
+    case Bytecodes::_fast_vgetfield:
+      // field is flat
+      __ stop("Should not reach here");
+      break;
     case Bytecodes::_fast_bgetfield:
       __ access_load_at(T_BYTE, IN_HEAP, addr, R0_tos, noreg, noreg, noreg);
       break;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/vm_version_arm_32.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/vm_version_arm_32.cpp
index 209dc41035c..ef845a0da2a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/vm_version_arm_32.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/vm_version_arm_32.cpp
@@ -350,6 +350,49 @@ void VM_Version::initialize() {
     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseUnalignedAccesses, false);
   }
 
+  if (InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs) {
+    warning("InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs is not supported on this CPU");
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, false);
+  }
+  if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+    warning("InlineTypeReturnedAsFields is not supported on this CPU");
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, false);
+  }
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+    warning("UseArrayFlattening is not supported on this CPU");
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseArrayFlattening, false);
+  }
+  if (UseFieldFlattening) {
+    warning("UseFieldFlattening is not supported on this CPU");
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseFieldFlattening, false);
+  }
+  if (UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening) {
+    warning("UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening is not supported on this CPU");
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening, false);
+  }
+  if (UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening) {
+    warning("UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening is not supported on this CPU");
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening, false);
+  }
+  if (UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening) {
+    warning("UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening is not supported on this CPU");
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening, false);
+  }
+  if (UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening) {
+    warning("UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening is not supported on this CPU");
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening, false);
+  }
+
+#ifdef COMPILER2
+  // No profiling is actually happening, so C2 does not have the data to work from.
+  if (UseArrayLoadStoreProfile) {
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseArrayLoadStoreProfile, false);
+  }
+  if (UseACmpProfile) {
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseACmpProfile, false);
+  }
+#endif
+
   _is_initialized = true;
 }
 

From 30835f1adabbe4cf13c59f905e18b552f2334059 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vicente Romero <vromero@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 14:59:03 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 483/707] 8388948: Javac crashes with NullPointerException in
 Types.intersect during method type inference of complex overlapping
 intersection bounds

Reviewed-by: liach
---
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/code/Types.java       |  3 +-
 .../typevars/NPEInTypeIntersectTest.java      | 32 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../typevars/NPEInTypeIntersectTest.out       |  5 +++
 3 files changed, 39 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/NPEInTypeIntersectTest.java
 create mode 100644 test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/NPEInTypeIntersectTest.out

diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Types.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Types.java
index 65dd512a49d..5b83447ce48 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Types.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Types.java
@@ -4112,7 +4112,8 @@ public Type lub(Type... ts) {
             //step 3 - for each element G in MEC, compute lci(Inv(G))
             List<Type> candidates = List.nil();
             for (Type erasedSupertype : mec) {
-                List<Type> lci = List.of(asSuper(ts[startIdx], erasedSupertype.tsym));
+                Type firstSuperType = asSuper(ts[startIdx], erasedSupertype.tsym);
+                List<Type> lci = firstSuperType != null ? List.of(firstSuperType) : List.nil();
                 for (int i = startIdx + 1 ; i < ts.length ; i++) {
                     Type superType = asSuper(ts[i], erasedSupertype.tsym);
                     lci = intersect(lci, superType != null ? List.of(superType) : List.nil());
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/NPEInTypeIntersectTest.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/NPEInTypeIntersectTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..54def3dc026
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/NPEInTypeIntersectTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * @test /nodynamiccopyright/
+ * @bug 8388948
+ * @summary javac crashes with NullPointerException in Types.intersect during method type inference of complex
+ *          overlapping intersection bounds
+ * @compile/fail/ref=NPEInTypeIntersectTest.out -XDrawDiagnostics NPEInTypeIntersectTest.java
+ */
+
+import java.util.function.Function;
+
+class NPEInTypeIntersectTest {
+    interface MyFunction<A, B> extends Function<A, B> {}
+
+    abstract class Container<T> {
+        abstract T get();
+    }
+
+    class NestedContainer<X> extends Container<NestedContainer<X>> {
+        @Override
+        public NestedContainer<X> get() {
+            return this;
+        }
+    }
+
+    void foo() {
+        NestedContainer<MyFunction<Integer[], String[]>> container = new NestedContainer<>();
+        process(container, container);
+    }
+
+    private static <A, B, C extends A & B, D extends A & C, E extends B & C, F extends D & E> void process(
+            Container<F> f, Container<E> e) {}
+}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/NPEInTypeIntersectTest.out b/test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/NPEInTypeIntersectTest.out
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8f642ba975d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/NPEInTypeIntersectTest.out
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+NPEInTypeIntersectTest.java:30:41: compiler.err.type.var.may.not.be.followed.by.other.bounds
+NPEInTypeIntersectTest.java:30:58: compiler.err.type.var.may.not.be.followed.by.other.bounds
+NPEInTypeIntersectTest.java:30:75: compiler.err.type.var.may.not.be.followed.by.other.bounds
+NPEInTypeIntersectTest.java:30:92: compiler.err.type.var.may.not.be.followed.by.other.bounds
+4 errors

From 8180404ec9dbaaef648dd65615489f5dab7a7928 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jaikiran Pai <jpai@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 16:58:21 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 484/707] 8389953: Problemlist
 java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/OpenLeak.java and CloseDuringConnect.java on
 all versions of macos

Reviewed-by: dfuchs, dcubed
---
 test/jdk/ProblemList.txt | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt b/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
index 75408f56bd1..ee0795cd3a6 100644
--- a/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
@@ -469,8 +469,8 @@ java/nio/channels/DatagramChannel/Unref.java                    8233437 generic-
 java/nio/channels/DatagramChannel/BasicMulticastTests.java      8144003 macosx-all
 java/nio/channels/DatagramChannel/MulticastSendReceiveTests.java 8144003 macosx-all
 java/nio/channels/DatagramChannel/Promiscuous.java              8144003 macosx-all
-java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/CloseDuringConnect.java         8375658 macosx-26.0,macosx-26.1,macosx-26.2,macosx-26.3,macosx-26.4,macosx-26.5
-java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/OpenLeak.java                   8375658 macosx-26.0,macosx-26.1,macosx-26.2,macosx-26.3,macosx-26.4,macosx-26.5
+java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/CloseDuringConnect.java         8375658 macosx-all
+java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/OpenLeak.java                   8375658 macosx-all
 
 ############################################################################
 

From c1643bbae4e649aeee728e938010a18de8f5a17e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: William Kemper <wkemper@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 17:02:59 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 485/707] 8389905: Shenandoah: SBSA::card_table uses own temp
 registers that clobber obj

Reviewed-by: shade, kdnilsen
---
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp | 18 ++++++++---------
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.hpp |  2 +-
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp   | 20 +++++++++----------
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.hpp   |  2 +-
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp     | 12 ++++-------
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.hpp     |  2 +-
 6 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 19c82ed77ef..201403e3d98 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -319,24 +319,24 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::load_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet d
   }
 }
 
-void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::card_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj) {
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::card_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register tmp1, Register tmp2) {
   assert(ShenandoahCardBarrier, "Should have been checked by caller");
+  assert_different_registers(obj, tmp1, tmp2);
+  assert(CardTable::dirty_card_val() == 0, "must be");
 
   __ lsr(obj, obj, CardTable::card_shift());
 
-  assert(CardTable::dirty_card_val() == 0, "must be");
-
   Address curr_ct_holder_addr(rthread, in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::card_table_offset()));
-  __ ldr(rscratch1, curr_ct_holder_addr);
+  __ ldr(tmp1, curr_ct_holder_addr);
 
   if (UseCondCardMark) {
     Label L_already_dirty;
-    __ ldrb(rscratch2, Address(obj, rscratch1));
-    __ cbz(rscratch2, L_already_dirty);
-    __ strb(zr, Address(obj, rscratch1));
+    __ ldrb(tmp2, Address(obj, tmp1));
+    __ cbz(tmp2, L_already_dirty);
+    __ strb(zr, Address(obj, tmp1));
     __ bind(L_already_dirty);
   } else {
-    __ strb(zr, Address(obj, rscratch1));
+    __ strb(zr, Address(obj, tmp1));
   }
 }
 
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet
   // 3: post-barrier: card barrier needs store address
   bool storing_non_null = (val != noreg);
   if (ShenandoahBarrierSet::need_card_barrier(decorators, type) && storing_non_null) {
-    card_barrier(masm, tmp3);
+    card_barrier(masm, tmp3, tmp1, tmp2);
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.hpp
index 62273a44da2..da5731ad19a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.hpp
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ class ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler: public BarrierSetAssembler {
                     Register tmp1,
                     Register tmp2);
 
-  void card_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj);
+  void card_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register tmp1, Register tmp2);
 
   void load_reference_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm, Register dst, Address load_addr, DecoratorSet decorators);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
index d7cfcb11205..6c39c8e456f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -330,25 +330,25 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::load_at(MacroAssembler* masm,
   }
 }
 
-void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::card_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj) {
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::card_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register tmp1, Register tmp2) {
   assert(ShenandoahCardBarrier, "Should have been checked by caller");
+  assert(CardTable::dirty_card_val() == 0, "must be");
+  assert_different_registers(obj, tmp1, tmp2);
 
   __ srli(obj, obj, CardTable::card_shift());
 
-  assert(CardTable::dirty_card_val() == 0, "must be");
-
   Address curr_ct_holder_addr(xthread, in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::card_table_offset()));
-  __ ld(t1, curr_ct_holder_addr);
-  __ add(t1, obj, t1);
+  __ ld(tmp1, curr_ct_holder_addr);
+  __ add(tmp1, obj, tmp1);
 
   if (UseCondCardMark) {
     Label L_already_dirty;
-    __ lbu(t0, Address(t1));
-    __ beqz(t0, L_already_dirty);
-    __ sb(zr, Address(t1));
+    __ lbu(tmp2, Address(tmp1));
+    __ beqz(tmp2, L_already_dirty);
+    __ sb(zr, Address(tmp1));
     __ bind(L_already_dirty);
   } else {
-    __ sb(zr, Address(t1));
+    __ sb(zr, Address(tmp1));
   }
 }
 
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet
   // 3: post-barrier: card barrier needs store address
   bool storing_non_null = (val != noreg);
   if (ShenandoahBarrierSet::need_card_barrier(decorators, type) && storing_non_null) {
-    card_barrier(masm, tmp3);
+    card_barrier(masm, tmp3, tmp1, tmp2);
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.hpp
index eb8ac653e2e..cc2510e7086 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.hpp
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ class ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler: public BarrierSetAssembler {
                     Register tmp1,
                     Register tmp2);
 
-  void card_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj);
+  void card_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register tmp1, Register tmp2);
 
   void load_reference_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm, Register dst, Address load_addr, DecoratorSet decorators);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
index 480e484f4b1..72c90e23871 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -407,19 +407,15 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::load_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet d
   }
 }
 
-void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::card_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj) {
+void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::card_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register tmp) {
   assert(ShenandoahCardBarrier, "Should have been checked by caller");
+  assert_different_registers(obj, tmp);
 
   // Does a store check for the oop in register obj. The content of
   // register obj is destroyed afterwards.
   __ shrptr(obj, CardTable::card_shift());
 
-  // We'll use this register as the TLS base address and also later on
-  // to hold the byte_map_base.
-  Register thread = r15_thread;
-  Register tmp = rscratch1;
-
-  Address curr_ct_holder_addr(thread, in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::card_table_offset()));
+  Address curr_ct_holder_addr(r15_thread, in_bytes(ShenandoahThreadLocalData::card_table_offset()));
   __ movptr(tmp, curr_ct_holder_addr);
   Address card_addr(tmp, obj, Address::times_1);
 
@@ -468,7 +464,7 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet
   // 3: post-barrier: card barrier needs store address
   bool storing_non_null = (val != noreg);
   if (ShenandoahBarrierSet::need_card_barrier(decorators, type) && storing_non_null) {
-    card_barrier(masm, tmp1);
+    card_barrier(masm, tmp1, tmp2);
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.hpp
index 7c1a89b74f5..0ef369a6b79 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.hpp
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler: public BarrierSetAssembler {
                     Register pre_val,
                     Register tmp);
 
-  void card_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj);
+  void card_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register tmp);
 
   void gen_write_ref_array_post_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators,
                                         Register addr, Register count,

From 221f42c42f8278bd099ce5624089ff60ad462c59 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Shiv Shah <shiv.shah@oracle.com>
Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 17:21:10 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 486/707] 8382272: Update nsk/jdb tests to use ThreadWrapper

Reviewed-by: sspitsyn, cjplummer, lmesnik, dholmes
---
 .../jdb/exclude/exclude001/exclude001.java    |  4 +-
 .../jdb/exclude/exclude001/exclude001a.java   |  5 +-
 .../interrupt/interrupt001/interrupt001.java  | 17 ++++---
 .../interrupt/interrupt001/interrupt001a.java | 15 ++++--
 .../nsk/jdb/kill/kill002/kill002a.java        |  4 +-
 .../nsk/jdb/next/next001/next001a.java        | 11 +++--
 .../vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/pop/pop001/pop001.java |  4 +-
 .../nsk/jdb/pop/pop001/pop001a.java           |  5 +-
 .../nsk/jdb/read/read001/read001.java         |  5 +-
 .../nsk/jdb/read/read001/read001a.java        | 12 ++++-
 .../jdb/reenter/reenter001/reenter001.java    |  4 +-
 .../jdb/reenter/reenter001/reenter001a.java   |  5 +-
 .../nsk/jdb/resume/resume002/resume002.java   |  7 +--
 .../nsk/jdb/resume/resume002/resume002a.java  | 15 ++++--
 .../jdb/step_up/step_up001/step_up001a.java   | 11 +++--
 .../jdb/suspend/suspend001/suspend001a.java   |  4 +-
 .../nsk/jdb/thread/thread002/thread002.java   | 36 +++++++-------
 .../nsk/jdb/thread/thread002/thread002a.java  | 15 ++++--
 .../threadgroup002/threadgroup002a.java       |  4 +-
 .../threadgroups002/threadgroups002a.java     |  4 +-
 .../jdb/untrace/untrace001/untrace001.java    |  7 +--
 .../jdb/untrace/untrace001/untrace001a.java   | 15 ++++--
 .../nsk/jdb/where/where006/where006.java      |  7 +--
 .../nsk/jdb/where/where006/where006a.java     | 16 +++++--
 .../nsk/jdb/wherei/wherei001/wherei001.java   |  7 +--
 .../nsk/jdb/wherei/wherei001/wherei001a.java  | 15 ++++--
 .../vmTestbase/nsk/share/jdb/JdbTest.java     | 47 ++++++++++++++++++-
 27 files changed, 217 insertions(+), 84 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/exclude/exclude001/exclude001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/exclude/exclude001/exclude001.java
index c7805cc6c95..516984af019 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/exclude/exclude001/exclude001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/exclude/exclude001/exclude001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ protected void runCases() {
 
                 if (jdb.isAtBreakpoint(reply, LAST_BREAK)) {
 
-                    threads = jdb.getThreadIds(DEBUGGEE_THREAD);
+                    threads = jdb.getThreadIdsByName(MYTHREAD);
 
                     if (threads.length != 1) {
                         log.complain("jdb should report 1 instance of " + DEBUGGEE_THREAD);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/exclude/exclude001/exclude001a.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/exclude/exclude001/exclude001a.java
index f2f09573b72..f0b64849a4b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/exclude/exclude001/exclude001a.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/exclude/exclude001/exclude001a.java
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 package nsk.jdb.exclude.exclude001;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.thread.ThreadWrapper;
 import nsk.share.*;
 import nsk.share.jpda.*;
 import nsk.share.jdb.*;
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ public int runIt(String args[], PrintStream out) {
         Thread holder [] = new Thread[numThreads];
 
         for (int i = 0; i < numThreads ; i++) {
-            holder[i] = new MyThread(MYTHREAD + "-" + i);
+            holder[i] = new MyThread(MYTHREAD + "-" + i).getThread();
             holder[i].start();
             try {
                 holder[i].join();
@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@ public int runIt(String args[], PrintStream out) {
 }
 
 
-class MyThread extends Thread {
+class MyThread extends ThreadWrapper {
     String name;
 
     public MyThread (String s) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/interrupt/interrupt001/interrupt001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/interrupt/interrupt001/interrupt001.java
index 51bbdf6757a..e090f357b4c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/interrupt/interrupt001/interrupt001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/interrupt/interrupt001/interrupt001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ public class interrupt001 extends JdbTest {
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
         debuggeeClass =  DEBUGGEE_CLASS;
         firstBreak = FIRST_BREAK;
+        lastBreak = LAST_BREAK;
         new interrupt001().runTest(argv);
     }
 
@@ -83,6 +84,7 @@ public static void main (String argv[]) {
     static final String DEBUGGEE_CLASS  = TEST_CLASS + "a";
     static final String FIRST_BREAK     = DEBUGGEE_CLASS + ".main";
     static final String LAST_BREAK      = DEBUGGEE_CLASS + ".breakHere";
+    static final String THREAD_STARTED_BREAK = PACKAGE_NAME + ".interrupt001a$MyThread.threadStarted";
     static final String MYTHREAD        = "MyThread";
     static final String DEBUGGEE_THREAD = DEBUGGEE_CLASS + "$" + MYTHREAD;
     static final String DEBUGGEE_RESULT = DEBUGGEE_CLASS + ".notInterrupted";
@@ -91,11 +93,12 @@ public static void main (String argv[]) {
 
     /*
      * Pattern for finding the thread ID in a line like the following:
-     *   (nsk.jdb.interrupt.interrupt001.interrupt001a$MyThread)651 Thread-0          cond. waiting
-     * Note we can't match on DEBUGGEE_THREAD because it includes a $, which Pattern
-     * uses to match the end of a line.
+     *   (java.lang.Thread)651 MyThread-0          cond. waiting
+     * The tested threads are created via ThreadWrapper, so the class shown is
+     * java.lang.Thread or java.lang.VirtualThread rather than the test's own class.
+     * Match on the thread name instead.
      */
-    private static Pattern tidPattern = Pattern.compile("\\(.+" + MYTHREAD + "\\)(\\S+)");
+    private static Pattern tidPattern = Pattern.compile("\\(.+Thread\\)(\\S+)\\s+" + MYTHREAD);
 
     protected void runCases() {
         String[] reply;
@@ -104,9 +107,9 @@ protected void runCases() {
         String[] threads;
 
         jdb.setBreakpointInMethod(LAST_BREAK);
-        reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.cont);
+        waitForTestedThreadStarts(THREAD_STARTED_BREAK, numThreads);
 
-        threads = jdb.getThreadIds(DEBUGGEE_THREAD);
+        threads = jdb.getThreadIdsByName(MYTHREAD);
 
         if (threads.length != numThreads) {
             log.complain("jdb should report " + numThreads + " instance of " + DEBUGGEE_THREAD);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/interrupt/interrupt001/interrupt001a.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/interrupt/interrupt001/interrupt001a.java
index 25016ce0f37..741810ab126 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/interrupt/interrupt001/interrupt001a.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/interrupt/interrupt001/interrupt001a.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 package nsk.jdb.interrupt.interrupt001;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.thread.ThreadWrapper;
 import nsk.share.*;
 import nsk.share.jdb.*;
 
@@ -32,18 +33,26 @@
 
 /* This is debuggee aplication */
 public class interrupt001a {
-    private class MyThread extends Thread {
+    private class MyThread extends ThreadWrapper {
         final Object lock;
         int ind;
         String name;
 
         public MyThread (Object l, int i, String n) {
+            super(n);
             lock = l;
             ind = i;
             name = n;
         }
 
+        // Each tested thread calls this once at startup. The debugger sets a
+        // breakpoint here: receiving the event is what makes a virtual thread
+        // visible to jdb with the default debug agent behavior, so the test
+        // does not need the -trackallthreads option.
+        static void threadStarted() {}
+
         public void run() {
+            threadStarted();
             synchronized (lock) {
                 synchronized (waitnotify) {
                     threadRunning = true;
@@ -96,7 +105,7 @@ public int runIt(String args[], PrintStream out) {
 
         for (i = 0; i < numThreads ; i++) {
             locks[i] = new Object();
-            holder[i] = new MyThread(locks[i], i, MYTHREAD + "-" + i);
+            holder[i] = new MyThread(locks[i], i, MYTHREAD + "-" + i).getThread();
         }
 
         synchronized (waitnotify) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/kill/kill002/kill002a.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/kill/kill002/kill002a.java
index 342eb788d8d..8cd1714041e 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/kill/kill002/kill002a.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/kill/kill002/kill002a.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -113,6 +113,8 @@ static class MyException extends Exception {
 }
 
 
+// This test uses a platform thread because jdb's kill command cannot stop an
+// unmounted virtual thread waiting in Object.wait().
 class MyThread extends Thread {
     Object lock;
     String name;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/next/next001/next001a.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/next/next001/next001a.java
index c335a0ee32a..90550c54a71 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/next/next001/next001a.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/next/next001/next001a.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 package nsk.jdb.next.next001;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.thread.ThreadWrapper;
 import nsk.share.*;
 import nsk.share.jpda.*;
 import nsk.share.jdb.*;
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ public int runIt(String args[], PrintStream out) {
         Thread holder [] = new Thread[numThreads];
 
         for (int i = 0; i < numThreads ; i++) {
-            holder[i] = new MyThread();
+            holder[i] = new MyThread(MYTHREAD + "-" + i).getThread();
             holder[i].start();
             try {
                 holder[i].join();
@@ -70,7 +71,11 @@ public int runIt(String args[], PrintStream out) {
 }
 
 
-class MyThread extends Thread {
+class MyThread extends ThreadWrapper {
+    public MyThread(String name) {
+        super(name);
+    }
+
     public void run() {
         int runLocal = func1(100);
     }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/pop/pop001/pop001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/pop/pop001/pop001.java
index c508538fa1e..11767504862 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/pop/pop001/pop001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/pop/pop001/pop001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ protected void runCases() {
         reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.cont);
 
         while (true) {
-            String[] threads = jdb.getThreadIds(DEBUGGEE_THREAD);
+            String[] threads = jdb.getThreadIdsByName(MYTHREAD);
             if (threads.length != 1) {
                 log.complain("jdb should report 1 instance of " + DEBUGGEE_THREAD);
                 log.complain("Found: " + threads.length);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/pop/pop001/pop001a.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/pop/pop001/pop001a.java
index f990664276a..679cc4be4f6 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/pop/pop001/pop001a.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/pop/pop001/pop001a.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 package nsk.jdb.pop.pop001;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.thread.ThreadWrapper;
 import nsk.share.*;
 import nsk.share.jpda.*;
 import nsk.share.jdb.*;
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ public int runIt(String args[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 }
 
-class MyThread extends Thread {
+class MyThread extends ThreadWrapper {
 
     public MyThread (String name) {
         super(name);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/read/read001/read001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/read/read001/read001.java
index 60c80139a65..62e8bcd1e00 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/read/read001/read001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/read/read001/read001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ public static void main (String argv[]) {
     static final String DEBUGGEE_CLASS = TEST_CLASS + "a";
     static final String FIRST_BREAK    = DEBUGGEE_CLASS + ".main";
     static final String LAST_BREAK     = DEBUGGEE_CLASS + ".lastBreak";
+    static final String THREAD_STARTED_BREAK = PACKAGE_NAME + ".read001aTestedThread.threadStarted";
 
     static final String SCENARIO_FILE = "jdb.scenario";
     static final int SCENARIO_COMMANDS_COUNT = 5;
@@ -97,7 +98,7 @@ protected void runCases() {
 
         // stop in lastBreak() method
         jdb.setBreakpointInMethod(LAST_BREAK);
-        reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.cont);
+        waitForTestedThreadStarts(THREAD_STARTED_BREAK, 1);
 
         // return to testedInstanceMethod()
         reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.step);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/read/read001/read001a.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/read/read001/read001a.java
index de6221a236c..786841716b5 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/read/read001/read001a.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/read/read001/read001a.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 package nsk.jdb.read.read001;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.thread.ThreadWrapper;
 import nsk.share.*;
 import nsk.share.jpda.*;
 import nsk.share.jdb.*;
@@ -87,7 +88,7 @@ class read001aTestedClass {
     char instanceFiledChar = 'x';
 }
 
-class read001aTestedThread extends Thread {
+class read001aTestedThread extends ThreadWrapper {
 
     Object startingMonitor = new Object();
     Object finishingMonitor = new Object();
@@ -96,7 +97,14 @@ public read001aTestedThread(String name) {
         super(name);
     }
 
+    // Each tested thread calls this once at startup. The debugger sets a
+    // breakpoint here: receiving the event is what makes a virtual thread
+    // visible to jdb with the default debug agent behavior, so the test
+    // does not need the -trackallthreads option.
+    static void threadStarted() {}
+
     public void run() {
+        threadStarted();
         synchronized (startingMonitor) {
             startingMonitor.notifyAll();
         }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/reenter/reenter001/reenter001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/reenter/reenter001/reenter001.java
index 4013d85ab75..65a6f0aa140 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/reenter/reenter001/reenter001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/reenter/reenter001/reenter001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ protected void runCases() {
         reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.cont);
 
         while (true) {
-            String[] threads = jdb.getThreadIds(DEBUGGEE_THREAD);
+            String[] threads = jdb.getThreadIdsByName(MYTHREAD);
             if (threads.length != 1) {
                 log.complain("jdb should report 1 instance of " + DEBUGGEE_THREAD);
                 log.complain("Found: " + threads.length);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/reenter/reenter001/reenter001a.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/reenter/reenter001/reenter001a.java
index fd269d58310..5fb19b02343 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/reenter/reenter001/reenter001a.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/reenter/reenter001/reenter001a.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 package nsk.jdb.reenter.reenter001;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.thread.ThreadWrapper;
 import nsk.share.*;
 import nsk.share.jpda.*;
 import nsk.share.jdb.*;
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ public int runIt(String args[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 }
 
-class MyThread extends Thread {
+class MyThread extends ThreadWrapper {
 
     public MyThread (String name) {
         super(name);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/resume/resume002/resume002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/resume/resume002/resume002.java
index 9607413036c..082f2b70f24 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/resume/resume002/resume002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/resume/resume002/resume002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ public static void main (String argv[]) {
     static final String DEBUGGEE_CLASS   = TEST_CLASS + "a";
     static final String FIRST_BREAK      = DEBUGGEE_CLASS + ".main";
     static final String LAST_BREAK       = DEBUGGEE_CLASS + ".lastBreak";
+    static final String THREAD_STARTED_BREAK = PACKAGE_NAME + ".MyThread.threadStarted";
 
     static final String THREAD_NAME      = "MyThread";
 
@@ -95,9 +96,9 @@ protected void runCases() {
         String found;
 
         jdb.setBreakpointInMethod(LAST_BREAK);
-        jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.cont);
+        waitForTestedThreadStarts(THREAD_STARTED_BREAK, resume002a.numThreads);
 
-        String[] threadIds = jdb.getThreadIds(PACKAGE_NAME + "." + THREAD_NAME);
+        String[] threadIds = jdb.getThreadIdsByName(THREAD_NAME);
 
         reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.suspend);
         grep = new Paragrep(reply);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/resume/resume002/resume002a.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/resume/resume002/resume002a.java
index 2e3f35bcb74..5a95ceafca6 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/resume/resume002/resume002a.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/resume/resume002/resume002a.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 package nsk.jdb.resume.resume002;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.thread.ThreadWrapper;
 import nsk.share.*;
 import nsk.share.jpda.*;
 import nsk.share.jdb.*;
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@ public int runIt(String args[], PrintStream out) {
         try {
             lock.setLock();
             for (int i = 0; i < numThreads ; i++) {
-                holder[i] = new MyThread(lock, "MyThread#" + i);
+                holder[i] = new MyThread(lock, "MyThread#" + i).getThread();
                 synchronized (waitnotify) {
                     holder[i].start();
                     waitnotify.wait();
@@ -99,17 +100,25 @@ synchronized void releaseLock() {
     }
 }
 
-class MyThread extends Thread {
+class MyThread extends ThreadWrapper {
 
     Lock lock;
     String name;
 
     MyThread (Lock l, String name) {
+        super(name);
         this.lock = l;
         this.name = name;
     }
 
+    // Each tested thread calls this once at startup. The debugger sets a
+    // breakpoint here: receiving the event is what makes a virtual thread
+    // visible to jdb with the default debug agent behavior, so the test
+    // does not need the -trackallthreads option.
+    static void threadStarted() {}
+
     public void run() {
+        threadStarted();
         synchronized (resume002a.waitnotify) {
             resume002a.waitnotify.notifyAll();
         }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/step_up/step_up001/step_up001a.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/step_up/step_up001/step_up001a.java
index 6ad1ec28cee..0799f049e16 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/step_up/step_up001/step_up001a.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/step_up/step_up001/step_up001a.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 package nsk.jdb.step_up.step_up001;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.thread.ThreadWrapper;
 import nsk.share.*;
 import nsk.share.jpda.*;
 import nsk.share.jdb.*;
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ public int runIt(String args[], PrintStream out) {
         Thread holder [] = new Thread[numThreads];
 
         for (int i = 0; i < numThreads ; i++) {
-            holder[i] = new MyThread();
+            holder[i] = new MyThread(MYTHREAD + "-" + i).getThread();
             holder[i].start();
             try {
                 holder[i].join();
@@ -70,7 +71,11 @@ public int runIt(String args[], PrintStream out) {
 }
 
 
-class MyThread extends Thread {
+class MyThread extends ThreadWrapper {
+    public MyThread(String name) {
+        super(name);
+    }
+
     public void run() {
         int runLocal = func1(100);
     }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/suspend/suspend001/suspend001a.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/suspend/suspend001/suspend001a.java
index 19b21131a03..35a4d425826 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/suspend/suspend001/suspend001a.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/suspend/suspend001/suspend001a.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -103,6 +103,8 @@ public static int getResult() {
     }
 }
 
+// This test uses a platform thread because suspending the tested virtual thread
+// and continuing causes jdb to stop responding.
 class Suspended extends Thread {
     String name;
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/thread/thread002/thread002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/thread/thread002/thread002.java
index c8b55b0beee..63a66beb7a5 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/thread/thread002/thread002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/thread/thread002/thread002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
-
 /*
  * @test
  *
@@ -77,35 +76,34 @@ public static void main (String argv[]) {
     static final String DEBUGGEE_CLASS   = TEST_CLASS + "a";
     static final String FIRST_BREAK      = DEBUGGEE_CLASS + ".main";
     static final String LAST_BREAK       = DEBUGGEE_CLASS + ".lastBreak";
+    static final String THREAD_STARTED_BREAK = PACKAGE_NAME + ".MyThread.threadStarted";
 
     static final String THREAD_NAME      = "MyThread";
 
     protected void runCases() {
-        String[] reply;
-        Paragrep grep;
-        int count;
-        Vector v;
-        String found;
 
         jdb.setBreakpointInMethod(LAST_BREAK);
-        jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.cont);
-
-        String[] threadIds = jdb.getThreadIds(PACKAGE_NAME + "." + THREAD_NAME);
+        waitForTestedThreadStarts(THREAD_STARTED_BREAK, thread002a.numThreads);
 
+        // Resolve each tested thread id by its exact name instead of assuming that
+        // getThreadIdsByName(THREAD_NAME) returns the ids in creation order.
         for (int i = 0; i < thread002a.numThreads; i++) {
-            jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.thread + threadIds[i]);
+            String threadName = THREAD_NAME + "#" + i;
+            String[] ids = jdb.getThreadIdsByName(threadName);
+            if (ids.length != 1) {
+                failure("Expected exactly one thread named " + threadName
+                        + ", found: " + ids.length);
+                continue;
+            }
+            String[] switchReply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.thread + ids[0]);
+            if (new Paragrep(switchReply).find(threadName) == 0) {
+                failure("jdb failed to switch to thread: " + threadName
+                        + " (id: " + ids[0] + ")");
+            }
             jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.print + DEBUGGEE_CLASS + ".holder[" + i + "].name");
         }
 
         jdb.contToExit(1);
 
-        reply = jdb.getTotalReply();
-        grep = new Paragrep(reply);
-        for (int i = 0; i < threadIds.length; i++) {
-            count = grep.find(THREAD_NAME + "#" + i);
-            if (count != 1) {
-                 failure("jdb failed to switch to thread: " + threadIds[i]);
-            }
-        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/thread/thread002/thread002a.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/thread/thread002/thread002a.java
index 2ae3855916e..72bbaf3b495 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/thread/thread002/thread002a.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/thread/thread002/thread002a.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 package nsk.jdb.thread.thread002;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.thread.ThreadWrapper;
 import nsk.share.*;
 import nsk.share.jpda.*;
 import nsk.share.jdb.*;
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@ public int runIt(String args[], PrintStream out) {
         try {
             lock.setLock();
             for (int i = 0; i < numThreads ; i++) {
-                holder[i] = new MyThread(lock, "MyThread#" + i);
+                holder[i] = new MyThread(lock, "MyThread#" + i).getThread();
                 synchronized (waitnotify) {
                     holder[i].start();
                     waitnotify.wait();
@@ -99,17 +100,25 @@ synchronized void releaseLock() {
     }
 }
 
-class MyThread extends Thread {
+class MyThread extends ThreadWrapper {
 
     Lock lock;
     String name;
 
     MyThread (Lock l, String name) {
+        super(name);
         this.lock = l;
         this.name = name;
     }
 
+    // Each tested thread calls this once at startup. The debugger sets a
+    // breakpoint here: receiving the event is what makes a virtual thread
+    // visible to jdb with the default debug agent behavior, so the test
+    // does not need the -trackallthreads option.
+    static void threadStarted() {}
+
     public void run() {
+        threadStarted();
         synchronized (thread002a.waitnotify) {
             thread002a.waitnotify.notifyAll();
         }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/threadgroup/threadgroup002/threadgroup002a.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/threadgroup/threadgroup002/threadgroup002a.java
index e09f895464a..ecb56725ae6 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/threadgroup/threadgroup002/threadgroup002a.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/threadgroup/threadgroup002/threadgroup002a.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -110,6 +110,8 @@ synchronized void releaseLock() {
     }
 }
 
+// This test uses a platform thread because it verifies explicit ThreadGroup
+// placement, and virtual-thread builders cannot specify a ThreadGroup.
 class MyThread extends Thread {
 
     Lock lock;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/threadgroups/threadgroups002/threadgroups002a.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/threadgroups/threadgroups002/threadgroups002a.java
index d25904f4673..ac8113fa58a 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/threadgroups/threadgroups002/threadgroups002a.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/threadgroups/threadgroups002/threadgroups002a.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -110,6 +110,8 @@ synchronized void releaseLock() {
     }
 }
 
+// This test uses a platform thread because it verifies explicit ThreadGroup
+// placement, and virtual-thread builders cannot specify a ThreadGroup.
 class MyThread extends Thread {
 
     Lock lock;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/untrace/untrace001/untrace001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/untrace/untrace001/untrace001.java
index 0891e5b931c..17560c7ddcf 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/untrace/untrace001/untrace001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/untrace/untrace001/untrace001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -88,6 +88,7 @@ public static void main (String argv[]) {
     static final String DEBUGGEE_CLASS  = TEST_CLASS + "a";
     static final String FIRST_BREAK     = DEBUGGEE_CLASS + ".main";
     static final String LAST_BREAK      = DEBUGGEE_CLASS + ".breakHere";
+    static final String THREAD_STARTED_BREAK = PACKAGE_NAME + ".MyThread.threadStarted";
     static final String MYTHREAD        = "MyThread";
     static final String DEBUGGEE_THREAD = PACKAGE_NAME + "." + MYTHREAD;
 
@@ -102,9 +103,9 @@ protected void runCases() {
         String[] threads;
 
         jdb.setBreakpointInMethod(LAST_BREAK);
-        reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.cont);
+        waitForTestedThreadStarts(THREAD_STARTED_BREAK, untrace001a.numThreads);
 
-        threads = jdb.getThreadIds(DEBUGGEE_THREAD);
+        threads = jdb.getThreadIdsByName(MYTHREAD);
 
         if (threads.length != 1) {
             log.complain("jdb should report 1 instance of " + DEBUGGEE_THREAD);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/untrace/untrace001/untrace001a.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/untrace/untrace001/untrace001a.java
index c182d7459ad..2d167d03acd 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/untrace/untrace001/untrace001a.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/untrace/untrace001/untrace001a.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 package nsk.jdb.untrace.untrace001;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.thread.ThreadWrapper;
 import nsk.share.*;
 import nsk.share.jpda.*;
 import nsk.share.jdb.*;
@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ public int runIt(String args[], PrintStream out) {
 
         for (i = 0; i < numThreads ; i++) {
             locks[i]  = new Object();
-            holder[i] = new MyThread(locks[i], i, MYTHREAD + "-" + i);
+            holder[i] = new MyThread(locks[i], i, MYTHREAD + "-" + i).getThread();
         }
 
         synchronized (mainThreadLock0) {
@@ -126,18 +127,26 @@ public int runIt(String args[], PrintStream out) {
 }
 
 
-class MyThread extends Thread {
+class MyThread extends ThreadWrapper {
     Object lock;
     int ind;
     String name;
 
     public MyThread (Object l, int i, String n) {
+        super(n);
         lock = l;
         ind = i;
         name = n;
     }
 
+    // Each tested thread calls this once at startup. The debugger sets a
+    // breakpoint here: receiving the event is what makes a virtual thread
+    // visible to jdb with the default debug agent behavior, so the test
+    // does not need the -trackallthreads option.
+    static void threadStarted() {}
+
     public void run() {
+        threadStarted();
         // Concatenate strings in advance to avoid lambda calculations later
         final String ThreadFinished = "Thread finished: " + this.name;
         final String ThreadInterrupted = "Thread was interrupted: " + this.name;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/where/where006/where006.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/where/where006/where006.java
index 11dc185238f..6ebd0976b72 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/where/where006/where006.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/where/where006/where006.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ public static void main (String argv[]) {
     static final String DEBUGGEE_CLASS   = TEST_CLASS + "a";
     static final String FIRST_BREAK      = DEBUGGEE_CLASS + ".main";
     static final String LAST_BREAK       = DEBUGGEE_CLASS + ".lastBreak";
+    static final String THREAD_STARTED_BREAK = PACKAGE_NAME + ".MyThread.threadStarted";
 
     static final String[][] FRAMES = new String[][] {
         {PACKAGE_NAME + ".MyThread.func5", "111"},
@@ -93,9 +94,9 @@ protected void runCases() {
         String found;
 
         jdb.setBreakpointInMethod(LAST_BREAK);
-        jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.cont);
+        waitForTestedThreadStarts(THREAD_STARTED_BREAK, where006a.numThreads);
 
-        String[] threadIds = jdb.getThreadIds(PACKAGE_NAME + ".MyThread");
+        String[] threadIds = jdb.getThreadIdsByName("MyThread");
         reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.where + "all");
         for (int i = 0; i < where006a.numThreads; i++) {
             checkFrames(threadIds[i], reply, 5);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/where/where006/where006a.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/where/where006/where006a.java
index eecbb4d33ab..4245d5dc149 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/where/where006/where006a.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/where/where006/where006a.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 package nsk.jdb.where.where006;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.thread.ThreadWrapper;
 import nsk.share.*;
 import nsk.share.jpda.*;
 import nsk.share.jdb.*;
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ public int runIt(String args[], PrintStream out) {
 
         for (int i = 0; i < numThreads ; i++) {
            locks[i] = new Lock();
-           holder[i] = new MyThread(locks[i],"MyThread-" + i);
+           holder[i] = new MyThread(locks[i],"MyThread-" + i).getThread();
         }
 
         // lock monitor to prevent threads from finishing after they started
@@ -104,12 +105,19 @@ synchronized void releaseLock() {
    }
 }
 
-class MyThread extends Thread {
+class MyThread extends ThreadWrapper {
    Lock lock;
    String name;
-   MyThread(Lock l, String n) {this.lock = l; name = n;}
+   MyThread(Lock l, String n) {super(n); this.lock = l; name = n;}
+
+   // Each tested thread calls this once at startup. The debugger sets a
+   // breakpoint here: receiving the event is what makes a virtual thread
+   // visible to jdb with the default debug agent behavior, so the test
+   // does not need the -trackallthreads option.
+   static void threadStarted() {}
 
    public void run() {
+       threadStarted();
       // Concatenate strings in advance to avoid lambda calculations later
       final String ThreadFinished = "Thread finished: " + this.name;
       int square = func1(10);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/wherei/wherei001/wherei001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/wherei/wherei001/wherei001.java
index e4d75620f0b..131bc4b59e7 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/wherei/wherei001/wherei001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/wherei/wherei001/wherei001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ public static void main (String argv[]) {
     static final String DEBUGGEE_CLASS  = TEST_CLASS + "a";
     static final String FIRST_BREAK     = DEBUGGEE_CLASS + ".main";
     static final String LAST_BREAK      = DEBUGGEE_CLASS + ".lastBreak";
+    static final String THREAD_STARTED_BREAK = PACKAGE_NAME + ".MyThread.threadStarted";
     static final String DEBUGGEE_THREAD = PACKAGE_NAME + ".MyThread";
 
     protected void runCases() {
@@ -82,9 +83,9 @@ protected void runCases() {
         String[] threads;
 
         jdb.setBreakpointInMethod(LAST_BREAK);
-        reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.cont);
+        waitForTestedThreadStarts(THREAD_STARTED_BREAK, wherei001a.numThreads);
 
-        threads = jdb.getThreadIds(DEBUGGEE_THREAD);
+        threads = jdb.getThreadIdsByName("MyThread");
 
         if (threads.length != 5) {
             log.complain("jdb should report 5 instance of " + DEBUGGEE_THREAD);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/wherei/wherei001/wherei001a.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/wherei/wherei001/wherei001a.java
index 71fa1afc8f2..ffb4e3595e8 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/wherei/wherei001/wherei001a.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/wherei/wherei001/wherei001a.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 package nsk.jdb.wherei.wherei001;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.thread.ThreadWrapper;
 import nsk.share.*;
 import nsk.share.jpda.*;
 import nsk.share.jdb.*;
@@ -56,7 +57,7 @@ public int runIt(String args[], PrintStream out) {
 
         for (i = 0; i < numThreads ; i++) {
             locks[i] = new Lock();
-            holder[i] = new MyThread(locks[i],"MyThread-" + i);
+            holder[i] = new MyThread(locks[i],"MyThread-" + i).getThread();
         }
 
         // lock monitor to prevent threads from finishing after they started
@@ -81,18 +82,26 @@ public int runIt(String args[], PrintStream out) {
 }
 
 
-class MyThread extends Thread {
+class MyThread extends ThreadWrapper {
     Lock lock;
     String name;
     // Concatenate strings in advance to avoid lambda calculations later
     final String ThreadFinished = "Thread finished: " + this.name;
 
     public MyThread (Lock l, String n) {
+        super(n);
         this.lock = l;
         name = n;
     }
 
+    // Each tested thread calls this once at startup. The debugger sets a
+    // breakpoint here: receiving the event is what makes a virtual thread
+    // visible to jdb with the default debug agent behavior, so the test
+    // does not need the -trackallthreads option.
+    static void threadStarted() {}
+
     public void run() {
+        threadStarted();
         int square = func1(100);
         wherei001a.log.display(name + " returns " + square);
         lock.releaseLock();
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/jdb/JdbTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/jdb/JdbTest.java
index aa7ad833b53..11def178cdc 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/jdb/JdbTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/jdb/JdbTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -76,6 +76,51 @@ protected void display(String message) {
         log.display(message);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Sets a breakpoint in the given method and then repeatedly continues the
+     * debuggee until the lastBreak breakpoint is reached, counting how many
+     * times threadStartedMethod is hit on the way. Each tested thread is
+     * expected to hit that method once at startup: receiving the event is
+     * what makes a virtual thread visible to jdb with the default debug
+     * agent behavior, so the tests do not need the -trackallthreads option.
+     * Fails if the number of hits differs from expectedThreads.
+     *
+     * The stop location is matched as one fully qualified token because
+     * debuggee output can interleave with jdb's "Breakpoint hit:" output and
+     * split the surrounding text across reply fragments. The "(" suffix
+     * avoids matching jdb's "Set deferred breakpoint" messages.
+     */
+    protected void waitForTestedThreadStarts(String threadStartedMethod, int expectedThreads) {
+        if (lastBreak.length() == 0) {
+            throw new Failure("waitForTestedThreadStarts requires lastBreak to be set");
+        }
+
+        jdb.setBreakpointInMethod(threadStartedMethod);
+
+        int started = 0;
+        while (true) {
+            String[] contReply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.cont);
+            Paragrep contGrep = new Paragrep(contReply);
+            if (contGrep.find(lastBreak + "(") > 0) {
+                break;
+            }
+            if (contGrep.find(threadStartedMethod + "(") > 0) {
+                started++;
+                continue;
+            }
+            failure("Stopped at unexpected location, expected " + lastBreak
+                    + " or " + threadStartedMethod);
+            for (String line : contReply) {
+                log.complain("reply: " + line);
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+        if (started != expectedThreads) {
+            failure("Expected " + expectedThreads + " " + threadStartedMethod
+                    + " hits, got: " + started);
+        }
+    }
+
     protected void launchJdbAndDebuggee(String debuggeeClass) throws Exception {
         launcher = new Launcher(argumentHandler, log);
         launcher.launchJdbAndDebuggee(debuggeeClass);

From 91394cbfd9446a3efb6d64f321b7a8f088d74241 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Xiaolong Peng <xpeng@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 17:48:21 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 487/707] 8389846: GenShen:
 ShenandoahScanRemembered::process_clusters may miss dirty cards when use
 write table

Reviewed-by: kdnilsen, wkemper
---
 .../shenandoah/shenandoahScanRemembered.inline.hpp  | 13 +++++++++----
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahScanRemembered.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahScanRemembered.inline.hpp
index 4d8ab0657b4..0948b737c77 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahScanRemembered.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahScanRemembered.inline.hpp
@@ -218,11 +218,16 @@ void ShenandoahScanRemembered::process_clusters(size_t first_cluster, size_t cou
           // for the next iteration of a dirty card loop.
           upper_bound = p;   // remember upper bound for next chunk
           if (p < start_addr) {
-            // if object starts in a previous slice, it'll be handled
-            // in its entirety by the thread processing that slice; we can
-            // skip over it and avoid an unnecessary extra scan.
             assert(obj == cast_to_oop(p), "Inconsistency detected");
-            p += obj->size();
+            if (use_write_table) {
+              // The head card may have become dirty after the worker
+              // responsible for the preceding slice passed it.
+              p += obj->oop_iterate_size(cl);
+            } else {
+              // The stable read table guarantees that the worker processing
+              // the preceding slice scanned this object in its entirety.
+              p += obj->size();
+            }
           } else {
             // the object starts in our slice, we scan it in its entirety
             assert(obj == cast_to_oop(p), "Inconsistency detected");

From c9dccc00bee5adc808ba8fbb0b294b0b22d1c57b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Shiv Shah <shiv.shah@oracle.com>
Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 18:44:31 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 488/707] 8337680: failure_handler does not handle repeated
 commands well

Reviewed-by: lmesnik, jpai
---
 .../jdk/test/failurehandler/HtmlSection.java  |  27 ++-
 .../test/failurehandler/HtmlSectionTest.java  | 159 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/failure_handler/test/unit/jdk/test/failurehandler/HtmlSectionTest.java

diff --git a/test/failure_handler/src/share/classes/jdk/test/failurehandler/HtmlSection.java b/test/failure_handler/src/share/classes/jdk/test/failurehandler/HtmlSection.java
index 53ffab95a1e..a4468ddd47f 100644
--- a/test/failure_handler/src/share/classes/jdk/test/failurehandler/HtmlSection.java
+++ b/test/failure_handler/src/share/classes/jdk/test/failurehandler/HtmlSection.java
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@
 import java.io.FilterWriter;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Set;
 
 public class HtmlSection {
     protected final HtmlSection rootSection;
@@ -39,6 +41,7 @@ public PrintWriter getWriter() {
     protected final PrintWriter pw;
     protected final PrintWriter textWriter;
     protected boolean closed;
+    private final Set<String> sectionIds;
 
     private HtmlSection child;
 
@@ -56,6 +59,7 @@ private HtmlSection(PrintWriter pw, String id, String name, HtmlSection rootSect
         // main
         if (rootSection == null) {
             this.rootSection = this;
+            this.sectionIds = new HashSet<>();
             this.pw.println("<html>");
 
             this.pw.println("<head>");
@@ -68,6 +72,7 @@ private HtmlSection(PrintWriter pw, String id, String name, HtmlSection rootSect
             this.pw.println("<body>");
         } else {
             this.rootSection = rootSection;
+            this.sectionIds = new HashSet<>();
             this.pw.print("<ul>");
         }
     }
@@ -151,15 +156,31 @@ public HtmlSection createChildren(String[] sections) {
         return current;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Returns {@code base} if no section has used it as an id yet, otherwise
+     * {@code base} with the first free numeric suffix ("-2", "-3", ...), and
+     * records the returned id as used. Keeps every section id unique so that
+     * anchors, {@code data-toggle} and {@code data-show} references resolve to
+     * the right occurrence when a command name is repeated.
+     */
+    private static String uniqueId(HtmlSection root, String base) {
+        String id = base;
+        for (int i = 2; !root.sectionIds.add(id); i++) {
+            id = base + "-" + i;
+        }
+        return id;
+    }
+
     private static class SubSection extends HtmlSection {
         private final HtmlSection parent;
 
         public SubSection(HtmlSection parent, String name,
                           HtmlSection rootSection) {
             super(parent.pw,
-                    parent.id.isEmpty()
-                            ? name
-                            : String.format("%s.%s", parent.id, name),
+                    uniqueId(rootSection,
+                            parent.id.isEmpty()
+                                    ? name
+                                    : String.format("%s.%s", parent.id, name)),
                     name, rootSection);
             this.parent = parent;
             pw.printf("<li><a name='%1$s'/><a href='#%1$s' data-toggle=\"%1$s\" >%2$s</a><div id='%1$s'><code><pre>",
diff --git a/test/failure_handler/test/unit/jdk/test/failurehandler/HtmlSectionTest.java b/test/failure_handler/test/unit/jdk/test/failurehandler/HtmlSectionTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..62c24538f48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/failure_handler/test/unit/jdk/test/failurehandler/HtmlSectionTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package jdk.test.failurehandler;
+
+import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.regex.Matcher;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
+
+/*
+ * Verifies that repeated and non-contiguous command names produce unique
+ * section ids in the generated HTML, so every occurrence's output is
+ * reachable (JDK-8337680).
+ */
+public class HtmlSectionTest {
+
+    private static String generate(String... commands) throws Exception {
+        Path dir = Files.createTempDirectory("HtmlSectionTest");
+        HtmlPage page = new HtmlPage(dir, "processes.html", false);
+        HtmlSection root = page.getRootSection();
+        int run = 0;
+        for (String command : commands) {
+            HtmlSection s = root.createChildren(command.split("\\."));
+            s.getWriter().println("MARKER-" + (++run));
+        }
+        root.close();
+        page.close();
+        return Files.readString(dir.resolve("processes.html"));
+    }
+
+    private static List<String> divIds(String html) {
+        List<String> ids = new ArrayList<>();
+        Matcher m = Pattern.compile("div id='([^']*)'").matcher(html);
+        while (m.find()) {
+            ids.add(m.group(1));
+        }
+        return ids;
+    }
+
+    private static void assertUniqueIds(String html) {
+        List<String> ids = divIds(html);
+        Assert.assertEquals("duplicate section ids in: " + ids,
+                ids.size(), new HashSet<>(ids).size());
+    }
+
+    // The id of the section whose opening tag most closely precedes the given
+    // text; output is written right after its section is created, so this is
+    // the section containing it.
+    private static String sectionIdOf(String html, String text) {
+        int at = html.indexOf(text);
+        Assert.assertTrue("missing " + text, at >= 0);
+        Matcher m = Pattern.compile("div id='([^']*)'").matcher(html.substring(0, at));
+        String id = null;
+        while (m.find()) {
+            id = m.group(1);
+        }
+        Assert.assertNotNull("no section before " + text, id);
+        return id;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void repeatedCommand() throws Exception {
+        // JDK-8337680, first case: the same command run twice, separated by
+        // another command.
+        String html = generate("jhsdb.jstack.live.mixed",
+                               "jinfo",
+                               "jhsdb.jstack.live.mixed");
+        assertUniqueIds(html);
+        for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
+            Assert.assertTrue("missing output of run " + i,
+                    html.contains("MARKER-" + i));
+        }
+        // each occurrence's output is in its own section
+        Assert.assertEquals("jhsdb.jstack.live.mixed", sectionIdOf(html, "MARKER-1"));
+        Assert.assertNotEquals(sectionIdOf(html, "MARKER-1"), sectionIdOf(html, "MARKER-3"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void tripleRepetition() throws Exception {
+        String html = generate("jinfo", "jcmd", "jinfo", "jstack", "jinfo");
+        assertUniqueIds(html);
+        Assert.assertNotEquals(sectionIdOf(html, "MARKER-1"), sectionIdOf(html, "MARKER-3"));
+        Assert.assertNotEquals(sectionIdOf(html, "MARKER-3"), sectionIdOf(html, "MARKER-5"));
+        Assert.assertNotEquals(sectionIdOf(html, "MARKER-1"), sectionIdOf(html, "MARKER-5"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void suffixCollisionWithRealName() throws Exception {
+        // a command literally named "jcmd-2" must not collide with the
+        // generated suffix for a repeated "jcmd"
+        String html = generate("jcmd-2", "jcmd", "jinfo", "jcmd");
+        assertUniqueIds(html);
+        Assert.assertNotEquals(sectionIdOf(html, "MARKER-2"), sectionIdOf(html, "MARKER-4"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void adjacentIdenticalCommandsShareSection() throws Exception {
+        // adjacent identical commands reuse the open section (existing
+        // behavior): one section, both outputs in it
+        String html = generate("jinfo", "jinfo");
+        assertUniqueIds(html);
+        Assert.assertEquals(sectionIdOf(html, "MARKER-1"), sectionIdOf(html, "MARKER-2"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void nonContiguousPrefix() throws Exception {
+        // JDK-8337680, second case: the same top-level tool name used again
+        // after an intervening command.
+        String html = generate("jcmd.compiler.codecache",
+                               "jinfo",
+                               "jcmd.compiler.codelist");
+        assertUniqueIds(html);
+        for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
+            Assert.assertTrue("missing output of run " + i,
+                    html.contains("MARKER-" + i));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void adjacentPrefixSharingPreserved() throws Exception {
+        // Adjacent commands with a common prefix share the open sections;
+        // their ids must remain the plain name path, without suffixes.
+        String html = generate("jcmd.compiler.codecache",
+                               "jcmd.compiler.codelist");
+        List<String> ids = divIds(html);
+        Assert.assertTrue(ids.contains("jcmd"));
+        Assert.assertTrue(ids.contains("jcmd.compiler"));
+        Assert.assertTrue(ids.contains("jcmd.compiler.codecache"));
+        Assert.assertTrue(ids.contains("jcmd.compiler.codelist"));
+        assertUniqueIds(html);
+    }
+}

From 5237f9446fe9c6fb372678a8515a4d336d6317a2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: oumaiymaintissar <oumaiyma.intissar@oracle.com>
Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 19:39:02 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 489/707] 8388214: (tz) Update Timezone Data to 2026c

Reviewed-by: naoto
---
 src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/VERSION       |   2 +-
 src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/africa        | 191 +++---------------
 src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/australasia   |   2 +-
 src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/europe        |  21 +-
 src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/leapseconds   |   8 +-
 src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/northamerica  | 121 +++++++++--
 .../format/TestZoneTextPrinterParser.java     |  21 +-
 .../test/java/time/zone/TestZoneRules.java    |  14 +-
 test/jdk/java/util/TimeZone/Bug6329116.java   |  16 +-
 .../java/util/TimeZone/NegativeDSTTest.java   |  17 +-
 .../java/util/TimeZone/TimeZoneData/VERSION   |   2 +-
 .../TimeZone/TimeZoneData/displaynames.txt    |   4 +-
 12 files changed, 209 insertions(+), 210 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/VERSION b/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/VERSION
index 7602b7afe4c..0b4358e49c9 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/VERSION
+++ b/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/VERSION
@@ -21,4 +21,4 @@
 # or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 # questions.
 #
-tzdata2026b
+tzdata2026c
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/africa b/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/africa
index cf1247ee3ab..a00c3b925e3 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/africa
+++ b/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/africa
@@ -620,6 +620,24 @@ Zone Indian/Mauritius	3:50:00 -	LMT	1907 # Port Louis
 # Morocco
 # See Africa/Ceuta for Spanish Morocco.
 
+# From Paul Eggert (2026-06-26):
+# In “Morocco’s GMT+1, a century of shifting time and a debate far from over”
+# https://en.yabiladi.com/articles/details/191310/morocco-s-gmt1-century-shifting-time
+# (2026-03-30), Yabiladi’s Latifa Babas reports the following:
+#  * A 1913-10-26 royal dahir established GMT as legal time in Morocco.
+#  * A 1918-05-10 dahir instituted DST on 1918-05-16 at 00:00.
+#  * A September 1939 dahir restarted DST on 1939-09-12.
+#  * A February 1940 dahir restarted DST as early as 1940-02-25.
+#  * Standard time resumed in September 1946.
+#  * A June 1950 decree restarted DST, which ran until as late as October.
+#  * Royal decree 455-67 (1967-06-02) restarted DST on June 3 at noon.
+#  * After 1967 Morocco used DST “during several summers, particularly
+#    throughout the 1970s and 1980s.”
+# Babas consulted official records that disagree with and are surely
+# more correct than our pre-2008 timestamp data, which came from the
+# unreliable Shanks & Pottenger.  Unfortunately, Babas did not provide
+# enough detail to correct our data.
+
 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):
 # Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between
 # 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008.
@@ -873,33 +891,16 @@ Zone Indian/Mauritius	3:50:00 -	LMT	1907 # Port Louis
 # The return to legal GMT time will take place this Sunday, March 19 at 3 a.m.
 # ... the return to GMT+1 will be made on Sunday April 23, 2023 at 2 a.m.
 # https://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites/passage-à-l%E2%80%99heure-gmt-à-partir-du-dimanche-19-mars-2023
-#
-# From Paul Eggert (2023-03-14):
-# For now, guess that in the future Morocco will fall back at 03:00
-# the last Sunday before Ramadan, and spring forward at 02:00 the
-# first Sunday after one day after Ramadan.  To implement this,
-# transition dates and times for 2019 through 2087 were determined by
-# running the following program under GNU Emacs 28.2.  (This algorithm
-# also produces the correct transition dates for 2016 through 2018,
-# though the times differ due to Morocco's time zone change in 2018.)
-# (let ((islamic-year 1440))
-#   (require 'cal-islam)
-#   (while (< islamic-year 1511)
-#     (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year)))
-#           (b (+ 1 (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year))))
-#           (sunday 0))
-#       (while (/= sunday (mod (setq a (1- a)) 7)))
-#       (while (/= sunday (mod b 7))
-#         (setq b (1+ b)))
-#       (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a))
-#       (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b))
-#       (insert
-#        (format
-#         (concat "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 3:00\t-1:00\t-\n"
-#                 "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 2:00\t0\t-\n")
-#         (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a))
-#         (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b)))))
-#     (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year))))
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2026-06-25):
+# https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2026/06/325034/confirmed-morocco-to-restore-gmt-on-september-20-ending-eight-year-gmt1-saga/
+# Today the Moroccan government adopted Decree No. 2.26.530, which abrogates
+# the 2018 decree that put it at +01 with daylight saving during Ramadan.
+# The plan is to go back to +00 without DST on 2026-09-20 at 02:00.
+# From Anass Taghjichte (2026-07-03):
+# https://www.sgg.gov.ma/BO/AR/3111/2026/BO_7521_Ar.pdf
+# From Afaf EL MAAYATI (2026-07-06):
+# https://www.mapexpress.ma/actualite/activite-gouvernementale/conseil-gouvernement-approuve-projet-decret-relatif-au-retour-lheure-legale/
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Morocco	1939	only	-	Sep	12	 0:00	1:00	-
@@ -959,143 +960,14 @@ Rule	Morocco	2025	only	-	Feb	23	 3:00	-1:00	-
 Rule	Morocco	2025	only	-	Apr	 6	 2:00	0	-
 Rule	Morocco	2026	only	-	Feb	15	 3:00	-1:00	-
 Rule	Morocco	2026	only	-	Mar	22	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2027	only	-	Feb	 7	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2027	only	-	Mar	14	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2028	only	-	Jan	23	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2028	only	-	Mar	 5	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2029	only	-	Jan	14	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2029	only	-	Feb	18	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2029	only	-	Dec	30	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2030	only	-	Feb	10	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2030	only	-	Dec	22	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2031	only	-	Jan	26	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2031	only	-	Dec	14	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2032	only	-	Jan	18	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2032	only	-	Nov	28	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2033	only	-	Jan	 9	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2033	only	-	Nov	20	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2033	only	-	Dec	25	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2034	only	-	Nov	 5	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2034	only	-	Dec	17	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2035	only	-	Oct	28	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2035	only	-	Dec	 9	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2036	only	-	Oct	19	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2036	only	-	Nov	23	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2037	only	-	Oct	 4	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2037	only	-	Nov	15	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2038	only	-	Sep	26	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2038	only	-	Oct	31	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2039	only	-	Sep	18	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2039	only	-	Oct	23	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2040	only	-	Sep	 2	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2040	only	-	Oct	14	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2041	only	-	Aug	25	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2041	only	-	Sep	29	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2042	only	-	Aug	10	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2042	only	-	Sep	21	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2043	only	-	Aug	 2	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2043	only	-	Sep	13	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2044	only	-	Jul	24	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2044	only	-	Aug	28	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2045	only	-	Jul	 9	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2045	only	-	Aug	20	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2046	only	-	Jul	 1	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2046	only	-	Aug	 5	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2047	only	-	Jun	23	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2047	only	-	Jul	28	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2048	only	-	Jun	 7	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2048	only	-	Jul	19	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2049	only	-	May	30	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2049	only	-	Jul	 4	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2050	only	-	May	15	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2050	only	-	Jun	26	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2051	only	-	May	 7	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2051	only	-	Jun	18	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2052	only	-	Apr	28	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2052	only	-	Jun	 2	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2053	only	-	Apr	13	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2053	only	-	May	25	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2054	only	-	Apr	 5	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2054	only	-	May	10	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2055	only	-	Mar	28	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2055	only	-	May	 2	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2056	only	-	Mar	12	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2056	only	-	Apr	23	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2057	only	-	Mar	 4	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2057	only	-	Apr	 8	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2058	only	-	Feb	17	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2058	only	-	Mar	31	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2059	only	-	Feb	 9	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2059	only	-	Mar	23	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2060	only	-	Feb	 1	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2060	only	-	Mar	 7	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2061	only	-	Jan	16	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2061	only	-	Feb	27	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2062	only	-	Jan	 8	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2062	only	-	Feb	12	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2062	only	-	Dec	31	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2063	only	-	Feb	 4	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2063	only	-	Dec	16	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2064	only	-	Jan	27	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2064	only	-	Dec	 7	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2065	only	-	Jan	11	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2065	only	-	Nov	22	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2066	only	-	Jan	 3	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2066	only	-	Nov	14	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2066	only	-	Dec	26	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2067	only	-	Nov	 6	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2067	only	-	Dec	11	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2068	only	-	Oct	21	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2068	only	-	Dec	 2	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2069	only	-	Oct	13	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2069	only	-	Nov	17	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2070	only	-	Oct	 5	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2070	only	-	Nov	 9	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2071	only	-	Sep	20	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2071	only	-	Nov	 1	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2072	only	-	Sep	11	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2072	only	-	Oct	16	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2073	only	-	Aug	27	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2073	only	-	Oct	 8	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2074	only	-	Aug	19	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2074	only	-	Sep	30	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2075	only	-	Aug	11	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2075	only	-	Sep	15	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2076	only	-	Jul	26	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2076	only	-	Sep	 6	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2077	only	-	Jul	18	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2077	only	-	Aug	22	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2078	only	-	Jul	10	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2078	only	-	Aug	14	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2079	only	-	Jun	25	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2079	only	-	Aug	 6	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2080	only	-	Jun	16	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2080	only	-	Jul	21	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2081	only	-	Jun	 1	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2081	only	-	Jul	13	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2082	only	-	May	24	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2082	only	-	Jun	28	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2083	only	-	May	16	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2083	only	-	Jun	20	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2084	only	-	Apr	30	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2084	only	-	Jun	11	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2085	only	-	Apr	22	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2085	only	-	May	27	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2086	only	-	Apr	14	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2086	only	-	May	19	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2087	only	-	Mar	30	 3:00	-1:00	-
-Rule	Morocco	2087	only	-	May	11	 2:00	0	-
-# For dates after the somewhat-arbitrary cutoff of 2087, assume that
-# Morocco will no longer observe DST.  At some point this table will
-# need to be extended, though quite possibly Morocco will change the
-# rules first.
 
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Africa/Casablanca	-0:30:20 -	LMT	1913 Oct 26
 			 0:00	Morocco	%z	1984 Mar 16
 			 1:00	-	%z	1986
 			 0:00	Morocco	%z	2018 Oct 28  3:00
-			 1:00	Morocco	%z
+			 1:00	Morocco	%z	2026 Sep 20  2:00
+			 0:00	-	%z
 
 # Western Sahara
 #
@@ -1111,7 +983,8 @@ Zone Africa/Casablanca	-0:30:20 -	LMT	1913 Oct 26
 Zone Africa/El_Aaiun	-0:52:48 -	LMT	1934 Jan # El Aaiún
 			-1:00	-	%z	1976 Apr 14
 			 0:00	Morocco	%z	2018 Oct 28  3:00
-			 1:00	Morocco	%z
+			 1:00	Morocco	%z	2026 Sep 20  2:00
+			 0:00	-	%z
 
 # Botswana
 # Burundi
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/australasia b/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/australasia
index 638789f42da..04a668ecd5b 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/australasia
+++ b/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/australasia
@@ -1744,7 +1744,7 @@ Zone	Pacific/Efate	11:13:16 -	LMT	1912 Jan 13 # Vila
 # to Japanese rule was right before 1970, ... per the current tz database
 # rule, the information doesn't warrant creation of a new timezone for Bonin
 # Islands itself and is thus as an anecdotal note for interest purpose only.
-# ... [The abovementioned link] described some special timekeeping phenomenon
+# ... [The link mentioned above] described some special timekeeping phenomenon
 # regarding Marcus island, another remote island currently owned by Japanese
 # in the same administrative unit as Bonin Islands.  Many reports claim that
 # the American coastal guard on the American quarter of the island use its own
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/europe b/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/europe
index a66d40834cd..ca09f4fa3ed 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/europe
+++ b/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/europe
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@
 # https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/bbc-19410418.png
 # https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ho-19410421.png
 
-# From Sir Alexander Maxwell in the above-mentioned letter (1941-04-21):
+# From Sir Alexander Maxwell (1941-04-21) in the letter mentioned above:
 # [N]o official designation has as far as I know been adopted for the time
 # which is to be introduced in May....
 # I cannot think of anything better than "Double British Summer Time"
@@ -2038,7 +2038,7 @@ Zone	Europe/Malta	0:58:04 -	LMT	1893 Nov  2 # Valletta
 # From Roman Tudos (2015-07-02):
 # http://lex.justice.md/index.php?action=view&view=doc&lang=1&id=355077
 # From Paul Eggert (2015-07-01):
-# The abovementioned official link to IGO1445-868/2014 states that
+# The above-mentioned official link to IGO1445-868/2014 states that
 # 2014-10-26's fallback transition occurred at 03:00 local time.  Also,
 # https://www.trm.md/en/social/la-30-martie-vom-trece-la-ora-de-vara
 # says the 2014-03-30 spring-forward transition was at 02:00 local time.
@@ -2403,10 +2403,17 @@ Zone	Europe/Lisbon	-0:36:45 -	LMT	1884
 # https://oal.ul.pt/hora-legal/legislacao/
 # working backward through references of revocation and abrogation to
 # Decreto-Lei 47233 of 1966-10-01, the last time DST was abolished across the
-# mainland and its adjacent islands.  Because of that reference, it is
-# therefore assumed that DST rules in the islands prior to 1966 were like that
-# of the mainland, though most legislation of the time didn't explicitly
-# specify DST practices for the islands.
+# mainland and its adjacent islands.
+#
+# From Tim Parenti (2026-05-26):
+# Observance of DST on the Azores and Madeira was explicitly covered by
+# mainland legislation in:
+# - Portaria 11767 of 1947-03-28 for 1947,
+# - Portaria 12286 of 1948-02-19 for 1948, and
+# - Decreto-Lei 37048 of 1948-09-07 through its revocation in 1966.
+# (See mainland commentary, above.)  However, most legislation prior to 1947
+# didn't explicitly call out these "adjacent islands", so we assume that DST
+# rules on the islands prior to 1947 were also like that of the mainland.
 Zone Atlantic/Azores	-1:42:40 -	LMT	1884        # Ponta Delgada
 			-1:54:32 -	HMT	1912 Jan  1  2:00u # Horta MT
 # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support %z.
@@ -2639,7 +2646,7 @@ Zone Europe/Bucharest	1:44:24 -	LMT	1891 Oct
 # http://astro.uni-altai.ru/~orion/blog/2011/11/novyie-granitsyi-chasovyih-poyasov-v-sssr/
 #
 # From Paul Eggert (2018-07-16):
-# Perhaps someone could translate the above-mentioned link and use it
+# Perhaps someone could translate the link mentioned above, and use it
 # to correct our data for the ex-Soviet Union.  It cites the following:
 # «Поясное время и новые границы часовых поясов» / сост. П.Н. Долгов,
 # отв. ред. Г.Д. Бурдун - М: Комитет стандартов, мер и измерительных
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/leapseconds b/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/leapseconds
index d431a7d3607..179e0e9bcc7 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/leapseconds
+++ b/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/leapseconds
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ Leap	2016	Dec	31	23:59:60	+	S
 # Any additional leap seconds will come after this.
 # This Expires line is commented out for now,
 # so that pre-2020a zic implementations do not reject this file.
-#Expires 2026	Dec	28	00:00:00
+#Expires 2027	Jun	28	00:00:00
 
 # Here are POSIX timestamps for the data in this file.
 # "#updated" gives the last time the leap seconds data changed
@@ -102,8 +102,8 @@ Leap	2016	Dec	31	23:59:60	+	S
 # "#expires" gives the first time this file might be wrong;
 # if this file was derived from the IERS leap-seconds.list,
 # this is typically a bit less than one year after "updated".
-#updated 1767698058 (2026-01-06 11:14:18 UTC)
-#expires 1798416000 (2026-12-28 00:00:00 UTC)
+#updated 1783323897 (2026-07-06 07:44:57 UTC)
+#expires 1814140800 (2027-06-28 00:00:00 UTC)
 
 #	Updated through IERS Bulletin C (https://hpiers.obspm.fr/iers/bul/bulc/bulletinc.dat)
-#	File expires on 28 December 2026
+#	File expires on 28 June 2027
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/northamerica b/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/northamerica
index 88e4e853f58..f072cee702a 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/northamerica
+++ b/src/java.base/share/data/tzdata/northamerica
@@ -1765,6 +1765,22 @@ Zone America/Toronto	-5:17:32 -	LMT	1895
 
 # Manitoba
 
+# From Paul Eggert (2026-05-08):
+# For 1916 timestamps America/Winnipeg covers only a small region. See:
+# Cassidy C. Winnipeg’s 110-year history with daylight time.
+# Winnipeg Free Press. 2026-05-06.
+# https://www.winnipegfreepress.com/our-communities/correspondents/2026/05/06/winnipegs-110-year-history-with-daylight-time
+# Of the 1916 experiment, Cassidy writes: “As rural areas and nearby
+# urban centres such as Selkirk and Brandon did not adopt DST, the
+# City of Winnipeg essentially had its own time zone.” Cassidy also
+# writes that province-wide DST came into effect on 1963-05-12.
+#
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that Winnipeg did not observe DST in 1964 and 1965.
+# Although dubious in the light of Cassidy’s article, we lack a better source.
+# Perhaps S&P’s data are for the train stations, not for the city?
+# Also, S&P say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s) starting in 1966.
+# Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume 02:00s in 1966 too.
+
 # From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
 # the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
 # March 27, 1987 ... said ...
@@ -1779,11 +1795,6 @@ Zone America/Toronto	-5:17:32 -	LMT	1895
 # the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
 # Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
 
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
-# Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
-# starting 1966.  Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
-# it was also 02:00s in 1966.
-
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Winn	1916	only	-	Apr	23	0:00	1:00	D
 Rule	Winn	1916	only	-	Sep	17	0:00	0	S
@@ -1875,6 +1886,22 @@ Zone America/Winnipeg	-6:28:36 -	LMT	1887 Jul 16
 # long and rather painful to read.
 # http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
 
+# From Heitor David Pinto (2026-05-14):
+# In Saskatchewan, a bill was passed to replace the Time Act. It sets UTC-6 all
+# year in the whole province, including Lloydminster, but allows the government
+# to issue regulations specifying a different time in localities that request
+# so:
+# https://docs.legassembly.sk.ca/legdocs/Bills/30L2S/Bill30-58.pdf
+# The bill ... received royal assent today.
+# From Tim Parenti (2026-05-14):
+# In light of Alberta joining Saskatchewan on year-round -06, this simplifies
+# the prior Act's framework for the many local exceptions to year-round -06 in
+# border areas, by extending province-wide the notion of "time option areas"
+# which can be prescribed by regulation "if it is in the provincial interest"
+# for those areas to observe either "UTC-5, UTC-6 or UTC-7 for all or part of
+# the year" on at least 30 days' notice.
+# The new Act comes into force by order of the Lieutenant Governor in Council.
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Regina	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
 Rule	Regina	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
@@ -1925,6 +1952,45 @@ Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 -	LMT	1905 Sep
 # Boyer JP. Forcing Choice: The Risky Reward of Referendums. Dundum. 2017.
 # ISBN 978-1459739123.
 
+# From Roozbeh Pournader (2026-04-20):
+# https://calgaryherald.com/opinion/columnists/bell-alberta-daylight-time-year-round-premier-danielle-smith
+#
+# From Tim Parenti (2026-04-23):
+# Section 3 of Bill 31, the Red Tape Reduction Statutes Amendment Act, 2026
+# https://docs.assembly.ab.ca/LADDAR_files/docs/bills/bill/legislature_31/session_2/20251023_bill-031.pdf
+# would repeal the Daylight Saving Time Act in the Revised Statutes of Alberta
+# 2000 Chapter D-5:
+# https://kings-printer.alberta.ca/documents/Acts/D05.pdf
+# ...and substitutes a new chapter with language that closely parallels the
+# original.  The new title is the Official Time Act and will be numbered
+# Chapter O-5.7.  The Act establishes a standard time of UTC−6 without
+# replacing the language previously used to effectuate DST.
+#
+# From Tim Parenti (2026-06-19):
+# After receiving Royal Assent on 2026-05-14, Order in Council 204/2026 was
+# issued on 2026-06-18 proclaiming the relevant section of the bill in force on
+# the same date.  Order in Council 206/2026, issued the same day, uses the
+# regulatory authority within the Act to prescribe the official term "Alberta
+# Time"; we use the traditional abbreviation CST for consistency.
+# https://kings-printer.alberta.ca/Documents/Orders/Orders_in_Council/2026/2026_204.pdf
+# https://kings-printer.alberta.ca/Documents/Orders/Orders_in_Council/2026/2026_206.pdf
+#
+# Since wall clock times do not diverge from past practice until 2026-11-01,
+# use that transition date for now to work around potential CLDR limitations in
+# the meantime; see British Columbia, below.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2026-07-02):
+# The temporary hack for Alberta is needed for CLDR 48.2 (2026-03-17)
+# and earlier, not the CLDR 48.1-and-earlier which drives BC’s temporary hack.
+# Only a few platforms track minor CLDR releases, though, so the two
+# temporary hacks have roughly the same effect in practice.
+#
+# The term “Alberta Time” is legally prescribed from yesterday until
+# 2031-06-30, when the regulation in OiC 206/2026 expires to ensure that the
+# term is reviewed by then for relevancy and need.  This plan for possible
+# obsolescence affects neither timekeeping nor TZDB’s data, which do
+# not contain the string “Alberta Time”.
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Edm	1918	1919	-	Apr	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
 Rule	Edm	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
@@ -1942,7 +2008,11 @@ Rule	Edm	1972	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Edmonton	-7:33:52 -	LMT	1906 Sep
 			-7:00	Edm	M%sT	1987
-			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
+			-7:00	Canada	M%sT	2026 Jun 18
+			# Temporary hack; see above.
+			-7:00	1:00	MDT	2026 Nov  1  2:00
+			# End of temporary hack.
+			-6:00	-	CST
 
 
 # British Columbia
@@ -1985,7 +2055,7 @@ Zone America/Edmonton	-7:33:52 -	LMT	1906 Sep
 # on March 8 will be the last time change, ending twice-yearly clock changes.”
 # https://news.gov.bc.ca/releases/2026AG0013-000209
 #
-# From Paul Eggert (2026-03-07):
+# From Paul Eggert (2026-07-02):
 # The law says that 21 hours after the usual 2026-03-08 02:00 switch from
 # PST to PDT, the next day inaugurates the new standard time Pacific Time,
 # i.e., just one clock change but two name changes separated by 21 hours.
@@ -1994,13 +2064,14 @@ Zone America/Edmonton	-7:33:52 -	LMT	1906 Sep
 # I asked the BC government for advice, with no response. For now, do this:
 #   1.	As a temporary hack, pretend that the BC law takes effect
 #	not on 2026-03-09 at 00:00, but on 2026-11-01 at 02:00.
-#	This pretense works around a limitation in CLDR v48.2 (2026-03-17),
+#	This pretense works around a limitation in CLDR 48.1 (2026-01-08),
 #	which would otherwise say the interval uses “Pacific Standard Time”.
 #	(Below, this temporary hack is marked “Temporary hack; see above.”)
 #	Strictly speaking this hack is incorrect since the interval uses
 #	standard time, but it does have the right UT offset and it
 #	works around the CLDR limitation.  We should be able to remove
-#	the temporary hack after CLDR is fixed.
+#	the temporary hack by November when there would be little point
+#	to keeping it anyway.
 #   2.	After the BC law takes effect, model the time as MST sans DST.
 #	We can change this later if another conforming non-numeric abbreviation
 #	for Pacific Time becomes more popular.  Possibilities include:
@@ -2011,10 +2082,7 @@ Zone America/Edmonton	-7:33:52 -	LMT	1906 Sep
 #   PST - straightforward but even more confusing,
 #	and will likely break much software that assumes PST is -08
 #   -07 - accurate and clear in itself, but makes BC look odd vs neighbors
-#   CPT, CPST - for Canadian Pacific (Standard) Time,
-#	by analogy with AEST in Australia
-#   P-T - conforming approximation to “PT”
-#   PT+ - like P-T but suggesting one-hour advance over PST
+#   PacT - straightforward but novel abbreviation for Pacific Time
 
 # From Chris Walton (2026-03-15):
 # The Regional District of East Kootenay is planning to move to year-round
@@ -2029,6 +2097,10 @@ Zone America/Edmonton	-7:33:52 -	LMT	1906 Sep
 # saying, “Pardon the pun, but this is not a time-sensitive issue.”
 # For now, merely mention the potential change in these comments.
 # If it happens it would likely affect clocks starting 2027-03-14 at 02:00.
+# From Tim Parenti (2026-05-14):
+# RDEK has historically been aligned with neighboring Alberta.  With the latter
+# now opting to stay on -06 year-round, if RDEK does not follow, it would
+# require a new zone for the Cranbrook area.
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Vanc	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
@@ -2045,7 +2117,7 @@ Zone America/Vancouver	-8:12:28 -	LMT	1884
 			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1987
 			-8:00	Canada	P%sT	2026 Mar  9
 			# Temporary hack; see above.
-			-8:00	1:00	PDT	2026 Nov  1 02:00
+			-8:00	1:00	PDT	2026 Nov  1  2:00
 			# End of temporary hack.
 			-7:00	-	MST
 Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 -	LMT	1884
@@ -2373,6 +2445,23 @@ Zone America/Fort_Nelson	-8:10:47 -	LMT	1884
 # about 1970, and uses PST for standard time in Yukon since then.  Consistent
 # with that, use MST for -07, the new standard time in Yukon effective Nov. 1.
 
+# From Tim Parenti (2026-04-21):
+# "[Northwest Territories] Premier R.J. Simpson announced Monday that the
+# territory will move to end seasonal time changes and will adopt a year-round
+# time standard instead. ... Simpson has previously said the territory wouldn't
+# end seasonal time changes until Alberta does."
+# https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/nwt-ends-daylight-saving-9.7170964
+#
+# From Tim Parenti (2026-06-19), per James Bellaire (2026-06-02):
+# Much of NWT has, to date, been represented by America/Edmonton, which alias
+# America/Yellowknife links to.  While Bill 13 (assented to 2021-03-31) would
+# enable NWT's proposed change mirroring Alberta's, at time of writing it has
+# not yet been formally enacted; if it doesn't move forward as expected,
+# America/Yellowknife would need to become its own zone as Alberta has stopped
+# changing its clocks.
+# If it does go ahead, draft changes to America/Inuvik, which represents the
+# remainder of NWT, are commented below.
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	NT_YK	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
 Rule	NT_YK	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
@@ -2415,6 +2504,10 @@ Zone America/Inuvik	0	-	-00	1953 # Inuvik founded
 			-8:00	NT_YK	P%sT	1979 Apr lastSun  2:00
 			-7:00	NT_YK	M%sT	1980
 			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
+# Assuming Northwest Territories follows Alberta in abolishing seasonal time
+# changes, replace the above line with something like:
+#			-7:00	Canada	M%sT	2026 Nov  1  2:00
+#			-6:00	-	CST
 Zone America/Whitehorse	-9:00:12 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20
 			-9:00	NT_YK	Y%sT	1965
 			-9:00	Yukon	Y%sT	1966 Feb 27  0:00
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/time/test/java/time/format/TestZoneTextPrinterParser.java b/test/jdk/java/time/test/java/time/format/TestZoneTextPrinterParser.java
index 5cbe9daf556..bdcfea0467e 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/time/test/java/time/format/TestZoneTextPrinterParser.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/time/test/java/time/format/TestZoneTextPrinterParser.java
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 
 import java.text.DateFormatSymbols;
 import java.time.ZoneId;
+import java.time.ZoneOffset;
 import java.time.ZonedDateTime;
 import java.time.format.DateTimeParseException;
 import java.time.format.DecimalStyle;
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@
 import java.util.Date;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Random;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.TimeZone;
@@ -54,7 +56,7 @@
 /*
  * @test
  * @bug 8081022 8151876 8166875 8177819 8189784 8206980 8277049 8278434 8346948
- *      8174269 8371842
+ *      8174269 8371842 8388214
  * @key randomness
  */
 
@@ -64,6 +66,14 @@
 @TestInstance(TestInstance.Lifecycle.PER_CLASS)
 public class TestZoneTextPrinterParser extends AbstractTestPrinterParser {
 
+    // Explicit dstOffset attributes from CLDR v48.2 metazone data.
+    private static final Map<String, ZoneOffset> CLDR_EXPLICIT_DST_OFFSETS = Map.of(
+            "Africa/Windhoek", ZoneOffset.of("+02:00"),
+            "America/Vancouver", ZoneOffset.of("-07:00"),
+            "Canada/Pacific", ZoneOffset.of("-07:00"),
+            "Europe/Dublin", ZoneOffset.of("+01:00"),
+            "Eire", ZoneOffset.of("+01:00"));
+
     private static final Locale[] SAMPLE_LOCALES = {
         Locale.US, Locale.UK, Locale.FRANCE, Locale.GERMANY, Locale.ITALY, Locale.forLanguageTag("es"),
         Locale.forLanguageTag("pt-BR"), Locale.forLanguageTag("ru"),
@@ -95,10 +105,11 @@ public void test_printText() {
                 long epochMilli = zdt.toInstant().toEpochMilli();
                 boolean isDST = tz.inDaylightTime(new Date(epochMilli));
                 // Some zones now use an explicit daylight offset in CLDR without java.util.TimeZone
-                // reporting DST for the instant, so prefer the daylight name when the effective
-                // offset is greater than the raw standard offset.
-                boolean useDaylightName = isDST
-                        || (tz.getDSTSavings() == 0 && tz.getOffset(epochMilli) > tz.getRawOffset());
+                // reporting DST for the instant.
+                ZoneOffset explicitDstOffset = CLDR_EXPLICIT_DST_OFFSETS.get(zid);
+                boolean useDaylightName = explicitDstOffset != null
+                        ? zdt.getOffset().equals(explicitDstOffset)
+                        : isDST;
                 for (Locale locale : SAMPLE_LOCALES) {
                     String longDisplayName = tz.getDisplayName(useDaylightName, TimeZone.LONG, locale);
                     String shortDisplayName = tz.getDisplayName(useDaylightName, TimeZone.SHORT, locale);
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/time/test/java/time/zone/TestZoneRules.java b/test/jdk/java/time/test/java/time/zone/TestZoneRules.java
index 7a1e656ee87..c80ec45da26 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/time/test/java/time/zone/TestZoneRules.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/time/test/java/time/zone/TestZoneRules.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
 /**
  * @summary Tests for ZoneRules class.
  *
- * @bug 8212970 8236903 8239836
+ * @bug 8212970 8236903 8239836 8388214
  */
 @TestInstance(TestInstance.Lifecycle.PER_CLASS)
 public class TestZoneRules {
@@ -91,15 +91,17 @@ private Object[][] negativeDST () {
             {WINDHOEK, LocalDate.of(1994, 3, 23), OFF_1, OFF_1, false},
             {WINDHOEK, LocalDate.of(2016, 9, 23), OFF_2, OFF_1, true},
 
-            // Africa/Casablanca for the Rule "Morocco" Defines negative DST till 2037 as of 2019a.
+            // Africa/Casablanca for the Rule "Morocco" defines negative DST until early 2026,
+            // then returns to standard UTC permanently later that year, starting with 2026c.
             {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(1939, 9, 13), OFF_1, OFF_0, true},
             {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(1939, 11, 20), OFF_0, OFF_0, false},
             {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(2018, 6, 18), OFF_1, OFF_0, true},
             {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(2019, 1, 1), OFF_1, OFF_0, true},
             {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(2019, 5, 6), OFF_0, OFF_0, false},
-            {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(2037, 10, 5), OFF_0, OFF_0, false},
-            {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(2037, 11, 16), OFF_1, OFF_0, true},
-            {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(2038, 11, 8), OFF_1, OFF_0, true},
+            {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(2026, 2, 16), OFF_0, OFF_0, false},
+            {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(2026, 3, 23), OFF_1, OFF_0, true},
+            {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(2026, 9, 21), OFF_0, OFF_0, false},
+            {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(2038, 11, 8), OFF_0, OFF_0, false},
         };
     }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/TimeZone/Bug6329116.java b/test/jdk/java/util/TimeZone/Bug6329116.java
index 4f6f5f27eac..8d80dd66047 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/TimeZone/Bug6329116.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/TimeZone/Bug6329116.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
  * @bug 6329116 6756569 6757131 6758988 6764308 6796489 6834474 6609737 6507067
  *      7039469 7090843 7103108 7103405 7158483 8008577 8059206 8064560 8072042
  *      8077685 8151876 8166875 8169191 8170316 8176044 8174269 8347841 8347955
+ *      8388214
  * @summary Make sure that timezone short display names are identical to Olson's data.
  * @run junit Bug6329116
  */
@@ -41,6 +42,14 @@
 
 public class Bug6329116 {
 
+    // As of CLDR v48.2, CLDR provides these short names for zones with explicit DST offsets.
+    private static final Map<String, String> CLDR_SHORT_NAMES = Map.of(
+            "America/Edmonton", "MST",
+            "Canada/Mountain", "MST",
+            "America/Yellowknife", "MST",
+            "America/Vancouver", "PST",
+            "Canada/Pacific", "PST");
+
     // Do not test all locales, as some locales have localized
     // short names in CLDR. Test only for the US locale
 
@@ -250,6 +259,11 @@ static boolean useLocalizedShortDisplayName(TimeZone tz,
             return tz.getDisplayName().substring(0, 3).equals(got.substring(0, 3));
         }
 
+        // Some zones use CLDR short names even when the tzdata FORMAT changed.
+        if (!inDST) {
+            return CLDR_SHORT_NAMES.getOrDefault(tz.getID(), "").equals(got);
+        }
+
         return false;
     }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/TimeZone/NegativeDSTTest.java b/test/jdk/java/util/TimeZone/NegativeDSTTest.java
index ab9438f2388..47c35a08147 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/TimeZone/NegativeDSTTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/TimeZone/NegativeDSTTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 
 /**
  * @test
- * @bug 8212970 8324065
+ * @bug 8212970 8324065 8388214
  * @summary Test whether the savings are positive in time zones that have
  *      negative savings in the source TZ files.
  * @run junit NegativeDSTTest
@@ -73,18 +73,17 @@ private Object[][] negativeDST () {
             {WINDHOEK, LocalDate.of(1994, 3, 23), ONE_HOUR, false},
             {WINDHOEK, LocalDate.of(2016, 9, 23), 2 * ONE_HOUR, true},
 
-            // Africa/Casablanca for the Rule "Morocco" Defines negative DST till 2037 as of 2019a.
+            // Africa/Casablanca for the Rule "Morocco" defines negative DST until early 2026,
+            // then returns to standard UTC permanently later that year, starting with 2026c.
             {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(1939, 9, 13), ONE_HOUR, true},
             {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(1939, 11, 20), 0, false},
             {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(2018, 6, 18), ONE_HOUR, true},
             {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(2019, 1, 1), ONE_HOUR, true},
             {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(2019, 5, 6), 0, false},
-            {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(2037, 10, 5), 0, false},
-            {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(2037, 11, 16), ONE_HOUR, true},
-            {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(2038, 9, 27), 0, false},
-            {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(2038, 11, 1), ONE_HOUR, true},
-            {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(2087, 3, 31), 0, false},
-            {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(2087, 5, 12), ONE_HOUR, true},
+            {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(2026, 2, 16), 0, false},
+            {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(2026, 3, 23), ONE_HOUR, true},
+            {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(2026, 9, 21), 0, false},
+            {CASABLANCA, LocalDate.of(2038, 11, 1), 0, false},
         };
     }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/TimeZone/TimeZoneData/VERSION b/test/jdk/java/util/TimeZone/TimeZoneData/VERSION
index 7ae8c6f5c48..5f54cd5a174 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/TimeZone/TimeZoneData/VERSION
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/TimeZone/TimeZoneData/VERSION
@@ -1 +1 @@
-tzdata2026b
+tzdata2026c
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/TimeZone/TimeZoneData/displaynames.txt b/test/jdk/java/util/TimeZone/TimeZoneData/displaynames.txt
index e7b6ea8bf3c..36b68209786 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/util/TimeZone/TimeZoneData/displaynames.txt
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/TimeZone/TimeZoneData/displaynames.txt
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ America/Dawson MST
 America/Dawson_Creek MST
 America/Denver MST MDT
 America/Detroit EST EDT
-America/Edmonton MST MDT
+America/Edmonton CST
 America/El_Salvador CST CDT
 America/Fort_Nelson MST
 America/Glace_Bay AST ADT
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ America/Tegucigalpa CST CDT
 America/Thule AST ADT
 America/Tijuana PST PDT
 America/Toronto EST EDT
-America/Vancouver PST PDT
+America/Vancouver MST
 America/Whitehorse MST
 America/Winnipeg CST CDT
 America/Yakutat AKST AKDT

From 487ec1a68e479304415c1042eba8fd35550c2ae5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Amit Kumar <amitkumar@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 20:08:22 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 490/707] 8387908: [s390x] Port JEP 401 to s390 architecture

Co-authored-by: Harshit Dhiman <hdhiman@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: fbredberg, hdhiman
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/assembler_s390.hpp       |   6 +-
 .../cpu/s390/assembler_s390.inline.hpp        |   6 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_CodeStubs_s390.cpp    | 113 ++-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.cpp | 174 +++-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.hpp |   7 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRGenerator_s390.cpp |  39 +-
 .../cpu/s390/c1_MacroAssembler_s390.cpp       | 119 ++-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_Runtime1_s390.cpp     | 143 +++-
 .../continuationFreezeThaw_s390.inline.hpp    |   1 +
 .../s390/continuationHelper_s390.inline.hpp   |   2 +
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.cpp           |   7 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.inline.hpp    |  16 +-
 .../s390/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_s390.cpp |  15 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/g1/g1_s390.ad         | 120 ++-
 .../gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.cpp    |  55 ++
 .../gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.hpp    |   4 +
 .../s390/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod_s390.cpp |  29 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.cpp     | 192 ++++-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.hpp     |  14 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interpreterRT_s390.cpp   |   1 -
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/jniFastGetField_s390.cpp |   7 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp  | 208 ++++-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.hpp  |  32 +
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/methodHandles_s390.cpp   |   6 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/registerSaver_s390.hpp   |   8 +
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad                  |  50 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/sharedRuntime_s390.cpp   | 775 +++++++++++++-----
 .../stackChunkFrameStream_s390.inline.hpp     |   5 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stubGenerator_s390.cpp   |  17 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateTable_s390.cpp   | 363 ++++++--
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateTable_s390.hpp   |   2 +
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/vm_version_s390.cpp      |  28 +
 .../share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp       |  61 +-
 33 files changed, 2241 insertions(+), 384 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/assembler_s390.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/assembler_s390.hpp
index c834a71ec0c..11c65ec91bc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/assembler_s390.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/assembler_s390.hpp
@@ -3155,8 +3155,10 @@ class Assembler : public AbstractAssembler {
 
   inline void z_basr(Register r1, Register r2);
   inline void z_brasl(Register r1, address a);
-  inline void z_brct(Register r1, address a);
-  inline void z_brct(Register r1, Label& L);
+  inline void z_brct( Register r1, address a);
+  inline void z_brct( Register r1, Label& L);
+  inline void z_brctg(Register r1, address a);
+  inline void z_brctg(Register r1, Label& L);
 
   inline void z_brxh(Register r1, Register r3, address a);
   inline void z_brxh(Register r1, Register r3, Label& L);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/assembler_s390.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/assembler_s390.inline.hpp
index a36906b0d4a..880bcdaca1d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/assembler_s390.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/assembler_s390.inline.hpp
@@ -743,12 +743,14 @@ inline void Assembler::z_bctg( Register r1, int64_t d2, Register x2, Register b2
 inline void Assembler::z_basr( Register r1, Register r2) { emit_16( BASR_ZOPC  | regt(r1, 8, 16) | reg(r2, 12, 16)); }
 inline void Assembler::z_brasl(Register r1, address a)   { emit_48( BRASL_ZOPC | regt(r1, 8, 48) | simm32(RelAddr::pcrel_off32(a, pc()), 16, 48)); }
 
-inline void Assembler::z_brct(Register  r1, address a)              {emit_32( BRCT_ZOPC  | reg(r1, 8, 32) | simm16(RelAddr::pcrel_off16(a, pc()), 16, 32)); }
+inline void Assembler::z_brct( Register r1, address a)              {emit_32( BRCT_ZOPC  | reg(r1, 8, 32) | simm16(RelAddr::pcrel_off16(a, pc()), 16, 32)); }
+inline void Assembler::z_brctg(Register r1, address a)              {emit_32( BRCTG_ZOPC | reg(r1, 8, 32) | simm16(RelAddr::pcrel_off16(a, pc()), 16, 32)); }
 inline void Assembler::z_brxh(Register  r1, Register r3, address a) {emit_32( BRXH_ZOPC  | reg(r1, 8, 32) | reg(r3, 12, 32) | simm16(RelAddr::pcrel_off16(a, pc()), 16, 32));}
 inline void Assembler::z_brxle(Register r1, Register r3, address a) {emit_32( BRXLE_ZOPC | reg(r1, 8, 32) | reg(r3, 12, 32) | simm16(RelAddr::pcrel_off16(a, pc()), 16, 32));}
 inline void Assembler::z_brxhg(Register r1, Register r3, address a) {emit_48( BRXHG_ZOPC | reg(r1, 8, 48) | reg(r3, 12, 48) | simm16(RelAddr::pcrel_off16(a, pc()), 16, 48));}
 inline void Assembler::z_brxlg(Register r1, Register r3, address a) {emit_48( BRXLG_ZOPC | reg(r1, 8, 48) | reg(r3, 12, 48) | simm16(RelAddr::pcrel_off16(a, pc()), 16, 48));}
-inline void Assembler::z_brct(Register  r1,              Label& L) {z_brct( r1,     target(L)); }
+inline void Assembler::z_brct( Register r1,              Label& L) {z_brct( r1,     target(L)); }
+inline void Assembler::z_brctg(Register r1,              Label& L) {z_brctg(r1,     target(L)); }
 inline void Assembler::z_brxh(Register  r1, Register r3, Label& L) {z_brxh( r1, r3, target(L)); }
 inline void Assembler::z_brxle(Register r1, Register r3, Label& L) {z_brxle(r1, r3, target(L)); }
 inline void Assembler::z_brxhg(Register r1, Register r3, Label& L) {z_brxhg(r1, r3, target(L)); }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_CodeStubs_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_CodeStubs_s390.cpp
index e282128c33a..7b9e48a7e20 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_CodeStubs_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_CodeStubs_s390.cpp
@@ -119,6 +119,72 @@ void DivByZeroStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
   DEBUG_ONLY(__ should_not_reach_here());
 }
 
+// Implementation of LoadFlattenedArrayStub
+
+LoadFlattenedArrayStub::LoadFlattenedArrayStub(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr index, LIR_Opr result, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  _array = array;
+  _index = index;
+  _result = result;
+  _scratch_reg = FrameMap::Z_R2_oop_opr;
+  _info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
+}
+
+void LoadFlattenedArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
+  __ bind(_entry);
+  __ untested("LoadFlattenedArrayStub::emit_code");
+  ce->store_parameter(_array->as_register(), 1);
+  ce->store_parameter(_index->as_register(), 0);
+  ce->emit_call_c(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_load_flat_array_id));
+  CHECK_BAILOUT();
+  ce->add_call_info_here(_info);
+  ce->verify_oop_map(_info);
+  __ lgr_if_needed(_result->as_register(), Z_R2);
+  __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondAlways, _continuation);
+}
+
+// Implementation of StoreFlattenedArrayStub
+
+StoreFlattenedArrayStub::StoreFlattenedArrayStub(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr index, LIR_Opr value, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  _array = array;
+  _index = index;
+  _value = value;
+  _scratch_reg = FrameMap::Z_R2_oop_opr;
+  _info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
+}
+
+void StoreFlattenedArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
+  __ bind(_entry);
+  __ untested("StoreFlattenedArrayStub::emit_code");
+  ce->store_parameter(_array->as_register(), 2);
+  ce->store_parameter(_index->as_register(), 1);
+  ce->store_parameter(_value->as_register(), 0);
+  ce->emit_call_c(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_store_flat_array_id));
+  CHECK_BAILOUT();
+  ce->add_call_info_here(_info);
+  ce->verify_oop_map(_info);
+  __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondAlways, _continuation);
+}
+
+// Implementation of SubstitutabilityCheckStub
+
+SubstitutabilityCheckStub::SubstitutabilityCheckStub(LIR_Opr left, LIR_Opr right, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  _left = left;
+  _right = right;
+  _scratch_reg = FrameMap::Z_R2_oop_opr;
+  _info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
+}
+
+void SubstitutabilityCheckStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
+  __ bind(_entry);
+  ce->store_parameter(_left->as_register(), 1);
+  ce->store_parameter(_right->as_register(), 0);
+  ce->emit_call_c(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_substitutability_check_id));
+  CHECK_BAILOUT();
+  ce->add_call_info_here(_info);
+  ce->verify_oop_map(_info);
+  __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondAlways, _continuation);
+}
+
 void ImplicitNullCheckStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
   address a;
   if (_info->deoptimize_on_exception()) {
@@ -200,14 +266,22 @@ NewObjectArrayStub::NewObjectArrayStub(LIR_Opr klass_reg, LIR_Opr length, LIR_Op
   _length = length;
   _result = result;
   _info = new CodeEmitInfo(info);
-  _is_null_free = is_null_free; // unimplemented
+  _is_null_free = is_null_free;
 }
 
 void NewObjectArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
   __ bind(_entry);
   assert(_klass_reg->as_register() == Z_R11, "call target expects klass in Z_R11");
   __ lgr_if_needed(Z_R13, _length->as_register());
-  address a = Runtime1::entry_for (StubId::c1_new_object_array_id);
+
+  address a;
+  if (_is_null_free) {
+    __ untested("NewObjectArrayStub::emit_code");
+    a = Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_new_null_free_array_id);
+  } else {
+    a = Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_new_object_array_id);
+  }
+
   ce->emit_call_c(a);
   CHECK_BAILOUT();
   ce->add_call_info_here(_info);
@@ -218,6 +292,15 @@ void NewObjectArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
 
 void MonitorEnterStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
   __ bind(_entry);
+  if (_throw_ie_stub != nullptr) {
+    static_assert(markWord::inline_type_pattern <= 0x7FFF, "must fit in simm16 for z_chi");
+    // When we come here, _obj_reg has already been checked to be non-null.
+    Register scratch = _scratch_reg->as_register();
+    __ z_lg(scratch, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), _obj_reg->as_register());
+    __ z_nilf(scratch, markWord::inline_type_pattern_mask);
+    __ z_chi(scratch, markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+    __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondEqual, *_throw_ie_stub->entry());
+  }
   StubId enter_id;
   if (ce->compilation()->has_fpu_code()) {
     enter_id = StubId::c1_monitorenter_id;
@@ -446,30 +529,4 @@ void ArrayCopyStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
   __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondAlways, _continuation);
 }
 
-// Implementation of SubstitutabilityCheckStub
-SubstitutabilityCheckStub::SubstitutabilityCheckStub(LIR_Opr left, LIR_Opr right, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
-  Unimplemented();
-}
-
-void SubstitutabilityCheckStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
-  Unimplemented();
-}
-
-LoadFlattenedArrayStub::LoadFlattenedArrayStub(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr index, LIR_Opr result, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
-  Unimplemented();
-}
-
-void LoadFlattenedArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
-  Unimplemented();
-}
-
-// Implementation of StoreFlattenedArrayStub
-
-StoreFlattenedArrayStub::StoreFlattenedArrayStub(LIR_Opr array, LIR_Opr index, LIR_Opr value, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
-  Unimplemented();
-}
-
-void StoreFlattenedArrayStub::emit_code(LIR_Assembler* ce) {
-  Unimplemented();
-}
 #undef __
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.cpp
index d8b7d048515..d3c143c97aa 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.cpp
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::call(LIR_OpJavaCall* op, relocInfo::relocType rtype) {
   __ relocate(rtype);
   __ z_nop();
   __ z_brasl(Z_R14, op->addr());
-  add_call_info(code_offset(), op->info());
+  add_call_info(code_offset(), op->info(), op->maybe_return_as_fields());
   __ post_call_nop();
 }
 
@@ -890,6 +890,21 @@ Address LIR_Assembler::as_Address_lo(LIR_Address* addr) {
   return Address(); // unused
 }
 
+void LIR_Assembler::move(LIR_Opr src, LIR_Opr dst) {
+  assert(dst->is_cpu_register(), "must be");
+  assert(dst->type() == src->type(), "must be");
+
+  if (src->is_cpu_register()) {
+    reg2reg(src, dst);
+  } else if (src->is_stack()) {
+    stack2reg(src, dst, dst->type());
+  } else if (src->is_constant()) {
+    const2reg(src, dst, lir_patch_none, nullptr);
+  } else {
+    ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+}
+
 void LIR_Assembler::mem2reg(LIR_Opr src_opr, LIR_Opr dest, BasicType type, LIR_PatchCode patch_code,
                             CodeEmitInfo* info, bool wide) {
 
@@ -1218,6 +1233,8 @@ void LIR_Assembler::return_op(LIR_Opr result, C1SafepointPollStub* code_stub) {
          (result->is_single_fpu() && result->as_float_reg() == Z_F0) ||
          (result->is_double_fpu() && result->as_double_reg() == Z_F0), "convention");
 
+  assert(!InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, "unimplemented");
+
   __ z_lg(Z_R1_scratch, Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::polling_page_offset()));
 
   // Pop the frame before the safepoint code.
@@ -1969,6 +1986,12 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_arraycopy(LIR_OpArrayCopy* op) {
   BasicType basic_type = default_type != nullptr ? default_type->element_type()->basic_type() : T_ILLEGAL;
   if (basic_type == T_ARRAY) basic_type = T_OBJECT;
 
+  if (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::always_slow_path) {
+    __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondAlways, *stub->entry());
+    __ bind(*stub->continuation());
+    return;
+  }
+
   // If we don't know anything, just go through the generic arraycopy.
   if (default_type == nullptr) {
     address copyfunc_addr = StubRoutines::generic_arraycopy();
@@ -2038,6 +2061,14 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_arraycopy(LIR_OpArrayCopy* op) {
     return;
   }
 
+  // Handle inline type arrays
+  if (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::src_inlinetype_check) {
+    arraycopy_inlinetype_check(src, tmp, stub, false, (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::src_null_check));
+  }
+  if (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::dst_inlinetype_check) {
+    arraycopy_inlinetype_check(dst, tmp, stub, true, (flags & LIR_OpArrayCopy::dst_null_check));
+  }
+
   assert(default_type != nullptr && default_type->is_array_klass() && default_type->is_loaded(), "must be true at this point");
 
   int elem_size = type2aelembytes(basic_type);
@@ -2398,7 +2429,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_alloc_array(LIR_OpAllocArray* op) {
   Register len = op->len()->as_register();
   __ move_reg_if_needed(len, T_LONG, len, T_INT); // sign extend
 
-  if (UseSlowPath ||
+  if (UseSlowPath || op->always_slow_path() ||
       (!UseFastNewObjectArray && (is_reference_type(op->type()))) ||
       (!UseFastNewTypeArray   && (!is_reference_type(op->type())))) {
     __ z_brul(*op->stub()->entry());
@@ -2479,23 +2510,25 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_typecheck_helper(LIR_OpTypeCheck *op, Label* success, L
   }
   assert_different_registers(obj, k_RInfo, klass_RInfo);
 
-  if (op->should_profile()) {
-    Register mdo = klass_RInfo;
-    metadata2reg(md->constant_encoding(), mdo);
-    NearLabel not_null;
-    __ compareU64_and_branch(obj, (intptr_t) 0, Assembler::bcondNotEqual, not_null);
-    // Object is null; update MDO and exit.
-    Address data_addr(mdo, md->byte_offset_of_slot(data, DataLayout::header_offset()));
-    int header_bits = DataLayout::flag_mask_to_header_mask(BitData::null_seen_byte_constant());
-    __ or2mem_8(data_addr, header_bits);
-    __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondAlways, *obj_is_null);
-    __ bind(not_null);
-
-    Register recv = k_RInfo;
-    __ load_klass(recv, obj);
-    type_profile_helper(mdo, md, data, recv, Rtmp1);
-  } else {
-    __ compareU64_and_branch(obj, (intptr_t) 0, Assembler::bcondEqual, *obj_is_null);
+  if (op->need_null_check()) {
+    if (op->should_profile()) {
+      Register mdo = klass_RInfo;
+      metadata2reg(md->constant_encoding(), mdo);
+      NearLabel not_null;
+      __ compareU64_and_branch(obj, (intptr_t) 0, Assembler::bcondNotEqual, not_null);
+      // Object is null; update MDO and exit.
+      Address data_addr(mdo, md->byte_offset_of_slot(data, DataLayout::header_offset()));
+      int header_bits = DataLayout::flag_mask_to_header_mask(BitData::null_seen_byte_constant());
+      __ or2mem_8(data_addr, header_bits);
+      __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondAlways, *obj_is_null);
+      __ bind(not_null);
+
+      Register recv = k_RInfo;
+      __ load_klass(recv, obj);
+      type_profile_helper(mdo, md, data, recv, Rtmp1);
+    } else {
+      __ compareU64_and_branch(obj, (intptr_t) 0, Assembler::bcondEqual, *obj_is_null);
+    }
   }
 
   Label *failure_target = failure;
@@ -3025,7 +3058,19 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_profile_type(LIR_OpProfileType* op) {
 }
 
 void LIR_Assembler::emit_profile_inline_type(LIR_OpProfileInlineType* op) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  Register obj = op->obj()->as_register();
+  Register tmp = op->tmp()->as_pointer_register();
+  LIR_Address* mdo_addr = op->mdp()->as_address_ptr();
+  assert(!mdo_addr->index()->is_valid(), "index unsupported");
+  Register mdo_base = mdo_addr->base()->as_pointer_register();
+  int mdo_offs = mdo_addr->disp();
+  bool not_null = op->not_null();
+  int flag = op->flag();
+
+  Label not_inline_type;
+  __ test_oop_is_not_inline_type(obj, tmp, not_inline_type, !not_null);
+  __ z_oiy(Address(mdo_base, mdo_offs), flag);
+  __ bind(not_inline_type);
 }
 
 void LIR_Assembler::emit_updatecrc32(LIR_OpUpdateCRC32* op) {
@@ -3055,14 +3100,97 @@ int LIR_Assembler::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(ciInlineKlass* vk) {
 }
 
 void LIR_Assembler::emit_opFlattenedArrayCheck(LIR_OpFlattenedArrayCheck* op) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  // We are loading/storing from/to an array that *may* be a flat array (the
+  // declared type is Object[], abstract[], interface[] or VT.ref[]).
+  // If this array is a flat array, take the slow path.
+  __ test_flat_array_oop(op->array()->as_register(), op->tmp()->as_register(), *op->stub()->entry());
 }
 
 void LIR_Assembler::emit_opNullFreeArrayCheck(LIR_OpNullFreeArrayCheck* op) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  // We are storing into an array that *may* be null-free (the declared type is
+  // Object[], abstract[], interface[] or VT.ref[]).
+  Label test_mark_word;
+  Register tmp = op->tmp()->as_register();
+  __ z_lg(tmp, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), op->array()->as_register());
+  __ z_tmll(tmp, markWord::unlocked_value);
+  __ z_brnaz(test_mark_word);
+  __ load_prototype_header(tmp, op->array()->as_register());
+  __ bind(test_mark_word);
+  __ z_tmll(tmp, markWord::null_free_array_bit_in_place);
 }
 
 void LIR_Assembler::emit_opSubstitutabilityCheck(LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck* op) {
-  Unimplemented();
+  Label L_oops_equal;
+  Label L_oops_not_equal;
+  Label L_end;
+
+  Register left  = op->left()->as_register();
+  Register right = op->right()->as_register();
+
+  __ compare64_and_branch(left, right, Assembler::bcondEqual, L_oops_equal);
+
+  // (1) Null check -- if one of the operands is null, the other must not be null (because
+  //     the two references are not equal), so they are not substitutable,
+  __ compare64_and_branch(left, (intptr_t)0, Assembler::bcondEqual, L_oops_not_equal);
+  __ compare64_and_branch(right, (intptr_t)0, Assembler::bcondEqual, L_oops_not_equal);
+
+  ciKlass* left_klass = op->left_klass();
+  ciKlass* right_klass = op->right_klass();
+
+  // (2) Inline type check -- if either of the operands is not an inline type,
+  //     they are not substitutable. We do this only if we are not sure that the
+  //     operands are inline type
+  if ((left_klass == nullptr || right_klass == nullptr) ||// The klass is still unloaded, or came from a Phi node.
+      !left_klass->is_inlinetype() || !right_klass->is_inlinetype()) {
+    static_assert(markWord::inline_type_pattern <= 0x7FFF, "must fit in simm16 for z_chi");
+    Register tmp = op->tmp1()->as_register();
+    __ z_llill(tmp, markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+    __ z_ng(tmp, Address(left,  oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    __ z_ng(tmp, Address(right, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    __ z_chi(tmp, markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+    __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondNotEqual, L_oops_not_equal);
+  }
+
+  // (3) Same klass check: if the operands are of different klasses, they are not substitutable.
+  if (left_klass != nullptr && left_klass->is_inlinetype() && left_klass == right_klass) {
+    // No need to load klass -- the operands are statically known to be the same inline klass.
+    __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondAlways, *op->stub()->entry());
+  } else {
+    Register tmp1 = op->tmp1()->as_register();
+    Register tmp2 = op->tmp2()->as_register();
+    if (left == right) { // same operand, so clearly the same klasses, let's save the check
+      __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondAlways, *op->stub()->entry());  //  -> do slow check
+    } else {
+      __ cmp_klasses_from_objects(left, right, tmp1, tmp2);
+      __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondEqual, *op->stub()->entry()); // same klass -> do slow check
+    }
+    // fall through to L_oops_not_equal
+  }
+
+  __ bind(L_oops_not_equal);
+  move(op->not_equal_result(), op->result_opr());
+  __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondAlways, L_end);
+
+  // We've returned from the stub. Z_R2 (stub's _scratch_reg) contains 0x0 IFF the two
+  // operands are not substitutable.
+  __ bind(*op->stub()->continuation());
+  __ compare64_and_branch(Z_R2, (intptr_t)0, Assembler::bcondEqual, L_oops_not_equal);
+
+  __ bind(L_oops_equal);
+  move(op->equal_result(), op->result_opr()); // (call_stub() != 0x0) -> equal
+  // fall-through
+  __ bind(L_end);
+}
+
+void LIR_Assembler::arraycopy_inlinetype_check(Register obj, Register tmp, CodeStub* slow_path, bool is_dest, bool null_check) {
+  if (null_check) {
+    __ compare64_and_branch(obj, (intptr_t)0, Assembler::bcondEqual, *slow_path->entry());
+  }
+  if (is_dest) {
+    __ test_null_free_array_oop(obj, tmp, *slow_path->entry());
+    __ test_flat_array_oop(obj, tmp, *slow_path->entry());
+  } else {
+    __ test_flat_array_oop(obj, tmp, *slow_path->entry());
+  }
 }
 #undef __
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.hpp
index 73d25f77d05..fbff174d22d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRAssembler_s390.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2016 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -34,6 +34,11 @@
   // Setup pointers to MDO, MDO slot, also compute offset bias to access the slot.
   void setup_md_access(ciMethod* method, int bci,
                        ciMethodData*& md, ciProfileData*& data, int& mdo_offset_bias);
+
+  void move(LIR_Opr src, LIR_Opr dst);
+
+  void arraycopy_inlinetype_check(Register obj, Register tmp, CodeStub* slow_path, bool is_dest, bool null_check);
+
  public:
   address emit_call_c(address a);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRGenerator_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRGenerator_s390.cpp
index 580b8f8db57..0cc63d5caf4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRGenerator_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_LIRGenerator_s390.cpp
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp"
 #include "c1/c1_ValueStack.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciArray.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciTypeArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
@@ -273,16 +274,22 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_MonitorEnter(MonitorEnter* x) {
 
   // "lock" stores the address of the monitor stack slot, so this is not an oop.
   LIR_Opr lock = new_register(T_INT);
+  LIR_Opr scratch = new_register(T_INT);
 
   CodeEmitInfo* info_for_exception = nullptr;
   if (x->needs_null_check()) {
     info_for_exception = state_for (x);
   }
+  CodeStub* throw_ie_stub =
+      x->maybe_inlinetype() ?
+      new SimpleExceptionStub(StubId::c1_throw_identity_exception_id, obj.result(), state_for(x)) :
+      nullptr;
+
   // This CodeEmitInfo must not have the xhandlers because here the
   // object is already locked (xhandlers expect object to be unlocked).
   CodeEmitInfo* info = state_for (x, x->state(), true);
-  monitor_enter(obj.result(), lock, syncTempOpr(), LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr,
-                x->monitor_no(), info_for_exception, info);
+  monitor_enter(obj.result(), lock, syncTempOpr(), scratch,
+                x->monitor_no(), info_for_exception, info, throw_ie_stub);
 }
 
 void LIRGenerator::do_MonitorExit(MonitorExit* x) {
@@ -771,13 +778,14 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_NewInstance(NewInstance* x) {
   // Z_R2 as result register.
   const LIR_Opr reg = result_register_for (x->type());
 
-  CodeEmitInfo* info = state_for (x, x->state());
+  CodeEmitInfo* info = state_for(x, x->needs_state_before() ? x->state_before() : x->state());
+  LIR_Opr klass_reg = FrameMap::Z_R11_metadata_opr;
   LIR_Opr tmp1 = FrameMap::Z_R12_oop_opr;
   LIR_Opr tmp2 = FrameMap::Z_R13_oop_opr;
   LIR_Opr tmp3 = reg;
   LIR_Opr tmp4 = LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr;
-  LIR_Opr klass_reg = FrameMap::Z_R11_metadata_opr;
-  new_instance(reg, x->klass(), x->is_unresolved(), /* allow_inline */ false, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, tmp4, klass_reg, info);
+  new_instance(reg, x->klass(), x->is_unresolved(), !x->is_unresolved() && x->klass()->is_inlinetype(),
+               tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, tmp4, klass_reg, info);
   LIR_Opr result = rlock_result(x);
   __ move(reg, result);
 }
@@ -834,13 +842,16 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_NewObjectArray(NewObjectArray* x) {
   LIR_Opr klass_reg = FrameMap::Z_R11_metadata_opr;
   LIR_Opr len = length.result();
 
-  CodeStub* slow_path = new NewObjectArrayStub(klass_reg, len, reg, info);
   ciKlass* obj = ciObjArrayKlass::make(x->klass());
+  bool is_flat = obj->is_loaded() && obj->is_flat_array_klass();
+  bool is_null_free = obj->is_loaded() && obj->as_array_klass()->is_elem_null_free();
+
+  CodeStub* slow_path = new NewObjectArrayStub(klass_reg, len, reg, info, is_null_free);
   if (obj == ciEnv::unloaded_ciobjarrayklass()) {
     BAILOUT("encountered unloaded_ciobjarrayklass due to out of memory error");
   }
   klass2reg_with_patching(klass_reg, obj, patching_info);
-  __ allocate_array(reg, len, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, tmp4, T_OBJECT, klass_reg, slow_path);
+  __ allocate_array(reg, len, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, tmp4, T_OBJECT, klass_reg, slow_path, true, is_null_free || is_flat);
 
   LIR_Opr result = rlock_result(x);
   __ move(reg, result);
@@ -933,11 +944,10 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_CheckCast(CheckCast* x) {
   LIR_Opr reg = rlock_result(x);
   LIR_Opr tmp1 = new_register(objectType);
   LIR_Opr tmp2 = new_register(objectType);
-  LIR_Opr tmp3 = LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr;
   __ checkcast(reg, obj.result(), x->klass(),
-               tmp1, tmp2, tmp3,
+               tmp1, tmp2, LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr,
                x->direct_compare(), info_for_exception, patching_info, stub,
-               x->profiled_method(), x->profiled_bci(), /*is_null_free*/ false);
+               x->profiled_method(), x->profiled_bci(), x->is_null_free());
 }
 
 
@@ -992,7 +1002,7 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_If (If* x) {
   if (tag == longTag && yin->is_constant() && yin->get_jlong_constant() == 0 && (cond == If::eql || cond == If::neq)) {
     // inline long zero
     yin->dont_load_item();
-  } else if (tag == longTag || tag == floatTag || tag == doubleTag) {
+  } else if (tag == longTag || tag == floatTag || tag == doubleTag || x->substitutability_check()) {
     // Longs cannot handle constants at right side.
     yin->load_item();
   } else {
@@ -1013,7 +1023,12 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_If (If* x) {
     __ safepoint(safepoint_poll_register(), state_for (x, x->state_before()));
   }
 
-  __ cmp(lir_cond(cond), left, right);
+  if (x->substitutability_check()) {
+    substitutability_check(x, *xin, *yin);
+  } else {
+    __ cmp(lir_cond(cond), left, right);
+  }
+
   // Generate branch profiling. Profiling code doesn't kill flags.
   profile_branch(x, cond);
   move_to_phi(x->state());
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_MacroAssembler_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_MacroAssembler_s390.cpp
index 8f3a40c4826..e52ffabf35e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_MacroAssembler_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_MacroAssembler_s390.cpp
@@ -33,7 +33,9 @@
 #include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
 #include "oops/arrayOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/markWord.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/basicLock.hpp"
+#include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
@@ -43,23 +45,119 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::explicit_null_check(Register base) {
   ShouldNotCallThis(); // unused
 }
 
+// Private helper: builds the actual frame without the stack-overflow check or
+// nmethod entry barrier.  Called from both build_frame() and scalarized_entry()
+// so that scalarized_entry can re-use the same sequence without duplicating
+// the overflow check / barrier.
+void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame_helper(int frame_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc,
+                                           bool reset_orig_pc) {
+  save_return_pc();
+  push_frame(frame_size_in_bytes);
+
+  if (reset_orig_pc) {
+    // Zero orig_pc slot so that deoptimisation during arg buffering is
+    // detected correctly.
+    //
+    // TODO (s390x): validate sp_offset_for_orig_pc against the s390x frame
+    // layout (z_abi_160 + compiler frame) once the feature is enabled.
+    ShouldNotCallThis(); // poison: remove once validated on s390x
+    z_mvghi(sp_offset_for_orig_pc, Z_SP, 0);
+  }
+}
+
 void C1_MacroAssembler::build_frame(int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes,
                                     int sp_offset_for_orig_pc,
                                     bool has_scalarized_args,
                                     Label* verified_inline_entry_label) {
   assert(bang_size_in_bytes >= frame_size_in_bytes, "stack bang size incorrect");
   generate_stack_overflow_check(bang_size_in_bytes);
-  save_return_pc();
-  push_frame(frame_size_in_bytes);
+
+  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, has_scalarized_args);
 
   BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
   bs->nmethod_entry_barrier(this);
+
+  if (verified_inline_entry_label != nullptr) {
+    // Jump here from the scalarized entry points that already created the frame.
+    bind(*verified_inline_entry_label);
+  }
 }
 
 void C1_MacroAssembler::verified_entry(bool breakAtEntry) {
   if (breakAtEntry) z_illtrap(0xC1);
 }
 
+// Scalarized entry point: buffers inline-type arguments, shuffles them into
+// the normal ABI layout, then falls through into the verified entry.
+//
+// NOTE: the entire body is guarded by ShouldNotCallThis() because
+// InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs is forced off for s390x
+int C1_MacroAssembler::scalarized_entry(const CompiledEntrySignature* ces, int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes,
+                                        int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, Label& verified_inline_entry_label, bool is_inline_ro_entry) {
+  assert(InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, "sanity");
+  // Make sure there is enough stack space for this method's activation.
+  assert(bang_size_in_bytes >= frame_size_in_bytes, "stack bang size incorrect");
+  ShouldNotCallThis(); // poison: remove once validated on s390x
+  untested("scalarized_entry s390x");
+
+  generate_stack_overflow_check(bang_size_in_bytes);
+
+  GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig    = ces->sig();
+  GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_cc = is_inline_ro_entry ? ces->sig_cc_ro() : ces->sig_cc();
+  VMRegPair* regs      = ces->regs();
+  VMRegPair* regs_cc   = is_inline_ro_entry ? ces->regs_cc_ro() : ces->regs_cc();
+  int args_on_stack    = ces->args_on_stack();
+  int args_on_stack_cc = is_inline_ro_entry ? ces->args_on_stack_cc_ro() : ces->args_on_stack_cc();
+
+  assert(sig->length() <= sig_cc->length(), "Zero-sized inline class not allowed!");
+  BasicType* sig_bt = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(BasicType, sig_cc->length());
+  int args_passed    = sig->length();
+  int args_passed_cc = SigEntry::fill_sig_bt(sig_cc, sig_bt);
+
+  // Build a temp frame so we can call into the runtime.  Must be properly set
+  // up to accommodate GC (nmethod entry barrier runs inside).
+  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, true);
+
+  // The runtime call might safepoint; make sure the nmethod entry barrier fires.
+  BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
+  bs->nmethod_entry_barrier(this);
+
+  // Z_R13 is the method register expected by c1_buffer_inline_args (see
+  // c1_Runtime1_s390.cpp, StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_id handler).
+  load_const_optimized(Z_R13, (intptr_t)(ces->method()));
+  if (is_inline_ro_entry) {
+    call_c_opt(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_no_receiver_id));
+  } else {
+    call_c_opt(Runtime1::entry_for(StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_id));
+  }
+  int rt_call_offset = offset();
+
+  // Remove the temp frame.
+  // pop_frame() restores Z_SP from the saved callers_sp slot; then we
+  // restore the return address that save_return_pc() had stored.
+  pop_frame();
+  restore_return_pc();
+
+  assert(args_on_stack <= args_on_stack_cc, "Sanity check");
+
+  // Z_R14 (the buffered value array) is the val_array argument to
+  // shuffle_inline_args.  On aarch64 a dedicated callee-saved register is
+  // used because r0 may hold a live argument; on s390x Z_R14 holds the
+  // return address which has already been restored above, so it is free here.
+  // TODO (s390x): confirm this register choice is safe across shuffle_inline_args.
+  shuffle_inline_args(true, is_inline_ro_entry, sig_cc,
+                      args_passed_cc, args_on_stack_cc, regs_cc, // from
+                      args_passed,    args_on_stack,    regs,    // to
+                      0, Z_R14);
+
+  // Build the real frame.  The jump below skips the stack-bang and frame-setup
+  // in verified_inline_entry (which uses a different real_frame_size).
+  build_frame_helper(frame_size_in_bytes, sp_offset_for_orig_pc, false);
+
+  z_brul(verified_inline_entry_label);
+  return rt_call_offset;
+}
+
 void C1_MacroAssembler::lock_object(Register Rmark, Register Roop, Register Rbox, Label& slow_case) {
   const Register tmp   = Z_R1_scratch;
 
@@ -100,13 +198,22 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::try_allocate(
 
 void C1_MacroAssembler::initialize_header(Register obj, Register klass, Register len, Register Rzero, Register t1) {
   assert_different_registers(obj, klass, len, t1, Rzero);
-  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders || Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    // COH: Markword contains class pointer which is only known at runtime.
+    // Valhalla: Could have value class which has a different prototype header to a normal object.
+    // In both cases, we need to fetch dynamically.
     z_lg(t1, Address(klass, in_bytes(Klass::prototype_header_offset())));
     z_stg(t1, Address(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
   } else {
+    // Otherwise: Can use the statically computed prototype header which is the same for every object.
     load_const_optimized(t1, (intx)markWord::prototype().value());
     z_stg(t1, Address(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
-    store_klass(klass, obj, t1);
+  }
+
+  if (!UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+    // COH: Markword already contains class pointer. Nothing else to do.
+    // Otherwise: Fetch klass pointer following the markword
+    store_klass(klass, obj, t1); // Take care not to kill klass
   }
 
   if (len->is_valid()) {
@@ -252,10 +359,6 @@ void C1_MacroAssembler::allocate_array(
   verify_oop(obj, FILE_AND_LINE);
 }
 
-int C1_MacroAssembler::scalarized_entry(const CompiledEntrySignature* ces, int frame_size_in_bytes, int bang_size_in_bytes, int sp_offset_for_orig_pc, Label& verified_inline_entry_label, bool is_inline_ro_entry) {
-  Unimplemented();
-}
-
 
 
 #ifndef PRODUCT
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_Runtime1_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_Runtime1_s390.cpp
index d3c8ed518e1..f2965e02e8b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_Runtime1_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/c1_Runtime1_s390.cpp
@@ -404,6 +404,7 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
       break;
     case StubId::c1_new_type_array_id:
     case StubId::c1_new_object_array_id:
+    case StubId::c1_new_null_free_array_id:
       {
         Register length   = Z_R13; // Incoming
         Register klass    = Z_R11; // Incoming
@@ -411,8 +412,12 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
 
         if (id == StubId::c1_new_type_array_id) {
           __ set_info("new_type_array", dont_gc_arguments);
-        } else {
+        } else if (id == StubId::c1_new_object_array_id) {
           __ set_info("new_object_array", dont_gc_arguments);
+        } else {
+          assert(id == StubId::c1_new_null_free_array_id, "must be");
+          __ untested("c1_new_null_free_array");
+          __ set_info("new_null_free_array", dont_gc_arguments);
         }
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
@@ -422,10 +427,23 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
           Register t0 = obj;
           __ mem2reg_opt(t0, Address(klass, Klass::layout_helper_offset()), false);
           __ z_sra(t0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_shift);
-          int tag = ((id == StubId::c1_new_type_array_id)
-                     ? Klass::_lh_array_tag_type_value : Klass::_lh_array_tag_ref_value);
-          __ compare32_and_branch(t0, tag, Assembler::bcondEqual, ok);
-          __ stop("assert(is an array klass)");
+          switch (id) {
+            case StubId::c1_new_type_array_id:
+              __ compare32_and_branch(t0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_type_value, Assembler::bcondEqual, ok);
+              __ stop("assert(is a type array klass)");
+              break;
+            case StubId::c1_new_object_array_id:
+              __ compare32_and_branch(t0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_ref_value, Assembler::bcondEqual, ok);
+              __ compare32_and_branch(t0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_flat_value, Assembler::bcondEqual, ok);
+              __ stop("assert(is an object or inline type array klass)");
+              break;
+            case StubId::c1_new_null_free_array_id:
+              __ compare32_and_branch(t0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_flat_value, Assembler::bcondEqual, ok);
+              __ compare32_and_branch(t0, Klass::_lh_array_tag_ref_value, Assembler::bcondEqual, ok);
+              __ stop("assert(is an object or inline type array klass)");
+              break;
+            default: ShouldNotReachHere();
+          }
           __ should_not_reach_here();
           __ bind(ok);
         }
@@ -435,8 +453,11 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
         int call_offset;
         if (id == StubId::c1_new_type_array_id) {
           call_offset = __ call_RT(obj, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, new_type_array), klass, length);
-        } else {
+        } else if (id == StubId::c1_new_object_array_id) {
           call_offset = __ call_RT(obj, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, new_object_array), klass, length);
+        } else {
+          assert(id == StubId::c1_new_null_free_array_id, "must be");
+          call_offset = __ call_RT(obj, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, new_null_free_array), klass, length);
         }
 
         oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
@@ -466,6 +487,99 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
       }
       break;
 
+    case StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_id:
+    case StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_no_receiver_id:
+      {
+        __ untested("c1_buffer_inline_args");
+        const char* name = (id == StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_id) ?
+          "buffer_inline_args" : "buffer_inline_args_no_receiver";
+        __ set_info(name, dont_gc_arguments);
+
+        // This is called from a C1 method's scalarized entry point
+        OopMap* map = save_live_registers(sasm);
+        Register method = Z_R13;   // Incoming
+        address entry = (id == StubId::c1_buffer_inline_args_id) ?
+          CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, buffer_inline_args) :
+          CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, buffer_inline_args_no_receiver);
+
+        int call_offset = __ call_RT(Z_R14, noreg, entry, method);
+        oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+        oop_maps->add_gc_map(call_offset, map);
+        restore_live_registers(sasm);
+        __ z_lgr(Z_R1_scratch, Z_R14);
+        __ verify_oop(Z_R1_scratch);  // Z_R1_scratch: an array of buffered value objects
+        __ z_br(Z_R14);
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case StubId::c1_load_flat_array_id:
+      {
+        __ untested("c1_load_flat_array");
+        __ set_info("load_flat_array", dont_gc_arguments);
+        OopMap* map = save_live_registers(sasm);
+
+        // Called with store_parameter and not C abi
+        int arg_offset = FrameMap::first_available_sp_in_frame;
+        __ z_lg(Z_ARG2, arg_offset + 1 * BytesPerWord, Z_SP); // array
+        __ z_lg(Z_ARG3, arg_offset + 0 * BytesPerWord, Z_SP); // index
+        int call_offset = __ call_RT(Z_R2, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, load_flat_array), Z_ARG2, Z_ARG3);
+
+        // Ensure the stores that initialize the buffer are visible
+        // before many subsequent store that publishes this reference.
+        __ z_fence();
+
+        oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+        oop_maps->add_gc_map(call_offset, map);
+        restore_live_registers_except_r2(sasm);
+
+        // Z_R2: loaded element at array[index]
+        __ verify_oop(Z_R2);
+        __ z_br(Z_R14);
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case StubId::c1_store_flat_array_id:
+      {
+        __ untested("c1_store_flat_array");
+        __ set_info("store_flat_array", dont_gc_arguments);
+        OopMap* map = save_live_registers(sasm);
+
+        // Called with store_parameter and not C abi
+        int arg_offset = FrameMap::first_available_sp_in_frame;
+        __ z_lg(Z_ARG2, arg_offset + 2 * BytesPerWord, Z_SP); // array
+        __ z_lg(Z_ARG3, arg_offset + 1 * BytesPerWord, Z_SP); // index
+        __ z_lg(Z_ARG4, arg_offset + 0 * BytesPerWord, Z_SP); // value
+        int call_offset = __ call_RT(noreg, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, store_flat_array), Z_ARG2, Z_ARG3, Z_ARG4);
+
+        oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+        oop_maps->add_gc_map(call_offset, map);
+        restore_live_registers_except_r2(sasm);
+        __ z_br(Z_R14);
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case StubId::c1_substitutability_check_id:
+      {
+        __ set_info("substitutability_check", dont_gc_arguments);
+        OopMap* map = save_live_registers(sasm);
+
+        // Called with store_parameter and not C abi
+        const int frame_size = sasm->frame_size() * VMRegImpl::slots_per_word * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
+        __ z_lg(Z_ARG2, 1 * BytesPerWord + FrameMap::first_available_sp_in_frame + frame_size, Z_SP); // left
+        __ z_lg(Z_ARG3, 0 * BytesPerWord + FrameMap::first_available_sp_in_frame + frame_size, Z_SP); // right
+        int call_offset = __ call_RT(noreg, noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, substitutability_check), Z_ARG2, Z_ARG3);
+
+        oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+        oop_maps->add_gc_map(call_offset, map);
+
+        restore_live_registers_except_r2(sasm);
+
+        __ z_br(Z_R14);
+
+        // Z_R2: are the two operands substitutable
+      }
+      break;
+
     case StubId::c1_register_finalizer_id:
       {
         __ set_info("register_finalizer", dont_gc_arguments);
@@ -540,10 +654,25 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
     }
     break;
     case StubId::c1_throw_incompatible_class_change_error_id:
-      { __ set_info("throw_incompatible_class_cast_exception", dont_gc_arguments);
+      { __ set_info("throw_incompatible_class_change_error", dont_gc_arguments);
         oop_maps = generate_exception_throw(sasm, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, throw_incompatible_class_change_error), false);
       }
       break;
+
+    case StubId::c1_throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception_id:
+      {
+        __ untested("c1_throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception");
+        __ set_info("c1_throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception", dont_gc_arguments);
+        oop_maps = generate_exception_throw(sasm, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception), false);
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case StubId::c1_throw_identity_exception_id:
+      {
+        __ set_info("throw_identity_exception", dont_gc_arguments);
+        oop_maps = generate_exception_throw(sasm, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, throw_identity_exception), true);
+      }
+      break;
     case StubId::c1_slow_subtype_check_id:
     {
       // Arguments :
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationFreezeThaw_s390.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationFreezeThaw_s390.inline.hpp
index 851662df4f3..450d48e1d06 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationFreezeThaw_s390.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationFreezeThaw_s390.inline.hpp
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ inline frame FreezeBase::sender(const frame& f) {
 }
 
 template<typename FKind> frame FreezeBase::new_heap_frame(frame& f, frame& caller, int size_adjust) {
+  assert(f.cb() == nullptr || !f.cb()->is_nmethod() || !f.cb()->as_nmethod()->needs_stack_repair(), "unsupported");
   assert(FKind::is_instance(f), "");
   intptr_t *sp, *fp;
   if (FKind::interpreted) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationHelper_s390.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationHelper_s390.inline.hpp
index 11944a8f040..1ef264abe8d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationHelper_s390.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/continuationHelper_s390.inline.hpp
@@ -118,6 +118,8 @@ inline void ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::patch_sender_sp(frame& f, cons
 }
 
 inline address* ContinuationHelper::Frame::return_pc_address(const frame& f) {
+  assert(f.cb() == nullptr || !f.cb()->is_nmethod() || !f.cb()->as_nmethod()->needs_stack_repair(),
+         "unsupported");
   return (address*)&f.callers_abi()->return_pc;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.cpp
index 1dc44a4341e..58a3c8b231c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.cpp
@@ -754,11 +754,16 @@ intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(intptr_t* sender_sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr)
 }
 
 intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(nmethod* nm, intptr_t* sp, intptr_t** saved_fp_addr) {
+  assert(nm != nullptr && nm->needs_stack_repair(), "");
   Unimplemented();
   return nullptr;
 }
 
 bool frame::was_augmented_on_entry(int& real_size) const {
-  Unimplemented();
+  assert(is_compiled_frame(), "");
+  if (_cb->as_nmethod_or_null()->needs_stack_repair()) {
+    Unimplemented();
+  }
+  real_size = _cb->frame_size();
   return false;
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.inline.hpp
index e31b0d5a426..024771fa48d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.inline.hpp
@@ -402,6 +402,12 @@ inline frame frame::sender_raw(RegisterMap* map) const {
 
 inline frame frame::sender_for_compiled_frame(RegisterMap *map) const {
   assert(map != nullptr, "map must be set");
+  assert(!_cb->is_nmethod() || !_cb->as_nmethod()->needs_stack_repair(), "unsupported");
+
+  nmethod* nm = _cb->as_nmethod_or_null();
+  if (nm != nullptr && nm->method()->has_scalarized_args()) {
+    Unimplemented();
+  }
 
   intptr_t* sender_sp = this->sender_sp();
   address   sender_pc = this->sender_pc();
@@ -410,9 +416,13 @@ inline frame frame::sender_for_compiled_frame(RegisterMap *map) const {
   if (map->update_map()) {
     // Tell GC to use argument oopmaps for some runtime stubs that need it.
 
-    // For C1, some runtime stubs don't have oop maps (e.g., slow_subtype_check,
-    // unwind_exception), so set this flag outside of update_register_map to ensure
-    // the GC can handle arguments correctly even when oop_map() is null.
+    // For C1, the runtime stub might not have oop maps, so set this flag
+    // outside of update_register_map.
+#ifdef COMPILER1
+    DEBUG_ONLY(nmethod* nm = _cb->as_nmethod_or_null());
+    assert(nm == nullptr || !nm->is_compiled_by_c1() || !nm->method()->has_scalarized_args() ||
+           pc() >= nm->verified_inline_entry_point(), "unsupported");
+#endif
     if (!_cb->is_nmethod()) { // compiled frames do not use callee-saved registers
       map->set_include_argument_oops(_cb->caller_must_gc_arguments(map->thread()));
       if (oop_map() != nullptr) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_s390.cpp
index 881fb613114..ba69bfbc773 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_s390.cpp
@@ -427,16 +427,27 @@ void G1BarrierSetAssembler::g1_write_barrier_post(MacroAssembler* masm, Decorato
 
 void G1BarrierSetAssembler::oop_store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators, BasicType type,
                                          const Address& dst, Register val, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3) {
+  bool in_heap = (decorators & IN_HEAP) != 0;
+  bool as_normal = (decorators & AS_NORMAL) != 0;
+  bool dest_uninitialized = (decorators & IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED) != 0;
+
+  bool needs_pre_barrier = as_normal && !dest_uninitialized;
+  bool needs_post_barrier = (val != noreg && in_heap);
+
+  assert_different_registers(val, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3);
+
   bool is_array = (decorators & IS_ARRAY) != 0;
   bool on_anonymous = (decorators & ON_UNKNOWN_OOP_REF) != 0;
   bool precise = is_array || on_anonymous;
   // Load and record the previous value.
-  g1_write_barrier_pre(masm, decorators, &dst, tmp3, val, tmp1, tmp2, false);
+  if (needs_pre_barrier) {
+    g1_write_barrier_pre(masm, decorators, &dst, tmp3, val, tmp1, tmp2, false);
+  }
 
   BarrierSetAssembler::store_at(masm, decorators, type, dst, val, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3);
 
   // No need for post barrier if storing null
-  if (val != noreg) {
+  if (needs_post_barrier) {
     const Register base = dst.base(),
                    idx  = dst.index();
     const intptr_t disp = dst.disp();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/g1/g1_s390.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/g1/g1_s390.ad
index 000ac3bc5ba..26727a448c9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/g1/g1_s390.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/g1/g1_s390.ad
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 //
-// Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 // Copyright 2024 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
 // DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 //
@@ -73,6 +73,116 @@ static void write_barrier_post(MacroAssembler* masm,
 
 %} // source
 
+
+// TODO 8350865 (same applies to g1StoreLSpecialTwoOops)
+// - Do not set/overwrite barrier data here, also handle G1C2BarrierPostNotNull
+
+instruct g1StoreLSpecialOneOopOff0(indirect mem, iRegL src, immI_0 off, iRegL tmp1, iRegL tmp2, iRegL tmp3, flagsReg cr) %{
+  predicate(UseG1GC);
+  match(Set mem (StoreLSpecial mem (Binary src off)));
+  effect(TEMP tmp1, TEMP tmp2, TEMP tmp3, KILL cr);
+  ins_cost(MEMORY_REF_COST);
+  format %{ "STG     $src,$mem\t # g1StoreLSpecialOneOopOff0" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ block_comment("g1StoreLSpecialOneOopOff0 {");
+    ((MachNode*)this)->set_barrier_data(G1C2BarrierPre | G1C2BarrierPost);
+
+    write_barrier_pre(masm, this,
+                      $mem$$Register  /* obj     */,
+                      $tmp1$$Register /* pre_val */,
+                      $tmp2$$Register /* tmp1    */,
+                      RegSet::of($mem$$Register, $src$$Register) /* preserve */);
+
+    __ z_stg($src$$Register, Address($mem$$Register, 0));
+
+    // Extract the narrow oop field value
+    __ z_llgfr($tmp1$$Register, $src$$Register);
+    __ oop_decoder($tmp1$$Register, $tmp1$$Register, true /* maybe_null */);
+    write_barrier_post(masm, this,
+                       $mem$$Register  /* store_addr */,
+                       $tmp1$$Register /* new_val    */,
+                       $tmp2$$Register /* tmp1       */,
+                       $tmp3$$Register /* tmp2       */);
+    __ block_comment("} g1StoreLSpecialOneOopOff0");
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_dummy);
+%}
+
+instruct g1StoreLSpecialOneOopOff4(indirect mem, iRegL src, immI_4 off, iRegL tmp1, iRegL tmp2, iRegL tmp3, iRegL tmp4, flagsReg cr) %{
+  predicate(UseG1GC);
+  match(Set mem (StoreLSpecial mem (Binary src off)));
+  effect(TEMP tmp1, TEMP tmp2, TEMP tmp3, TEMP tmp4, KILL cr);
+  ins_cost(MEMORY_REF_COST);
+  format %{ "STG     $src,$mem\t # g1StoreLSpecialOneOopOff4" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ block_comment("g1StoreLSpecialOneOopOff4 {");
+    ((MachNode*)this)->set_barrier_data(G1C2BarrierPre | G1C2BarrierPost);
+
+    __ z_la($tmp1$$Register, Address($mem$$Register, 4));
+    write_barrier_pre(masm, this,
+                      $tmp1$$Register /* obj     */,
+                      $tmp2$$Register /* pre_val */,
+                      $tmp3$$Register /* tmp1    */,
+                      RegSet::of($mem$$Register, $tmp1$$Register, $src$$Register) /* preserve */);
+
+    __ z_stg($src$$Register, Address($mem$$Register, 0));
+
+    __ z_srlg($tmp2$$Register, $src$$Register, 32);
+    __ oop_decoder($tmp2$$Register, $tmp2$$Register, true /* maybe_null */);
+    write_barrier_post(masm, this,
+                       $tmp1$$Register /* store_addr */,
+                       $tmp2$$Register /* new_val    */,
+                       $tmp3$$Register /* tmp1       */,
+                       $tmp4$$Register /* tmp2       */);
+    __ block_comment("} g1StoreLSpecialOneOopOff4");
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_dummy);
+%}
+
+instruct g1StoreLSpecialTwoOops(indirect mem, iRegL src, iRegL tmp1, iRegL tmp2, iRegL tmp3, iRegL tmp4, flagsReg cr) %{
+  predicate(UseG1GC);
+  match(Set mem (StoreLSpecial mem src));
+  effect(TEMP tmp1, TEMP tmp2, TEMP tmp3, TEMP tmp4, KILL cr);
+  ins_cost(MEMORY_REF_COST);
+  format %{ "STG     $src,$mem\t # g1StoreLSpecialTwoOops" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ block_comment("g1StoreLSpecialTwoOops {");
+    ((MachNode*)this)->set_barrier_data(G1C2BarrierPre | G1C2BarrierPost);
+
+    write_barrier_pre(masm, this,
+                      $mem$$Register  /* obj */,
+                      $tmp1$$Register /* pre_val */,
+                      $tmp2$$Register /* tmp1 */,
+                      RegSet::of($mem$$Register, $src$$Register) /* preserve */);
+    __ z_la($tmp4$$Register, Address($mem$$Register, 4));
+    write_barrier_pre(masm, this,
+                      $tmp4$$Register /* obj */,
+                      $tmp1$$Register /* pre_val */,
+                      $tmp2$$Register /* tmp1 */,
+                      RegSet::of($tmp4$$Register, $src$$Register) /* preserve */);
+
+    __ z_stg($src$$Register, Address($mem$$Register, 0));
+
+    __ z_srlg($tmp1$$Register, $src$$Register, 32);
+    __ oop_decoder($tmp1$$Register, $tmp1$$Register, true /* maybe_null */);
+    write_barrier_post(masm, this,
+                       $tmp4$$Register /* store_addr */,
+                       $tmp1$$Register /* new_val */,
+                       $tmp2$$Register /* tmp1 */,
+                       $tmp3$$Register /* tmp2 */);
+
+    __ z_llgfr($tmp1$$Register, $src$$Register);
+    __ oop_decoder($tmp1$$Register, $tmp1$$Register, true /* maybe_null */);
+    write_barrier_post(masm, this,
+                       $mem$$Register  /* store_addr */,
+                       $tmp1$$Register /* new_val */,
+                       $tmp2$$Register /* tmp1 */,
+                       $tmp3$$Register /* tmp2 */);
+    __ block_comment("} g1StoreLSpecialTwoOops");
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_dummy);
+%}
+
 // store pointer
 instruct g1StoreP(indirect dst, memoryRegP src, iRegL tmp1, iRegL tmp2, flagsReg cr) %{
   predicate(UseG1GC && n->as_Store()->barrier_data() != 0);
@@ -186,7 +296,7 @@ instruct g1CompareAndSwapN(indirect mem_ptr, rarg5RegN oldval, iRegN_P2N newval,
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_dummy);
 %}
 
-instruct g1CompareAndExchangeN(iRegP mem_ptr, rarg5RegN oldval, iRegN_P2N newval, iRegN res, iRegL tmp1, iRegL tmp2, iRegL tmp3, flagsReg cr) %{
+instruct g1CompareAndExchangeN(indirect mem_ptr, rarg5RegN oldval, iRegN_P2N newval, iRegN res, iRegL tmp1, iRegL tmp2, iRegL tmp3, flagsReg cr) %{
   predicate(UseG1GC && n->as_LoadStore()->barrier_data() != 0);
   match(Set res (CompareAndExchangeN mem_ptr (Binary oldval newval)));
   effect(USE mem_ptr, TEMP res, TEMP tmp1, TEMP tmp2, TEMP tmp3, USE_KILL oldval, KILL cr);
@@ -287,7 +397,7 @@ instruct g1GetAndSetN(indirect mem, iRegN dst, iRegI tmp, iRegL tmp1, iRegL tmp2
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_dummy);
 %}
 
-instruct g1CompareAndSwapP(iRegP mem_ptr, rarg5RegP oldval, iRegP_N2P newval, iRegI res, iRegL tmp1, iRegL tmp2, flagsReg cr) %{
+instruct g1CompareAndSwapP(indirect mem_ptr, rarg5RegP oldval, iRegP_N2P newval, iRegI res, iRegL tmp1, iRegL tmp2, flagsReg cr) %{
   predicate(UseG1GC && n->as_LoadStore()->barrier_data() != 0);
   match(Set res (CompareAndSwapP mem_ptr (Binary oldval newval)));
   match(Set res (WeakCompareAndSwapP mem_ptr (Binary oldval newval)));
@@ -334,7 +444,7 @@ instruct g1CompareAndSwapP(iRegP mem_ptr, rarg5RegP oldval, iRegP_N2P newval, iR
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_dummy);
 %}
 
-instruct g1CompareAndExchangeP(iRegP mem_ptr, rarg5RegP oldval, iRegP_N2P newval, iRegP res, iRegL tmp1, iRegL tmp2, flagsReg cr) %{
+instruct g1CompareAndExchangeP(indirect mem_ptr, rarg5RegP oldval, iRegP_N2P newval, iRegP res, iRegL tmp1, iRegL tmp2, flagsReg cr) %{
   predicate(UseG1GC && n->as_LoadStore()->barrier_data() != 0);
   match(Set res (CompareAndExchangeP mem_ptr (Binary oldval newval)));
   effect(TEMP res, TEMP tmp1, TEMP tmp2, USE mem_ptr, USE_KILL oldval, KILL cr);
@@ -356,7 +466,7 @@ instruct g1CompareAndExchangeP(iRegP mem_ptr, rarg5RegP oldval, iRegP_N2P newval
 
     __ z_lgr($res$$Register, $oldval$$Register); // previous content
 
-    __ z_csg($res$$Register, $newval$$Register, 0, $mem_ptr$$reg);
+    __ z_csg($res$$Register, $newval$$Register, 0, $mem_ptr$$Register);
 
     write_barrier_post(masm, this,
                        $mem_ptr$$Register /* store_addr */,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.cpp
index b3ea74e1890..a850ac753c3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.cpp
@@ -24,9 +24,11 @@
  */
 
 #include "asm/macroAssembler.inline.hpp"
+#include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod.hpp"
+#include "gc/shared/barrierSetRuntime.hpp"
 #include "interpreter/interp_masm.hpp"
 #include "oops/compressedOops.hpp"
 #include "runtime/jniHandles.hpp"
@@ -86,6 +88,7 @@ void BarrierSetAssembler::store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators
   case T_OBJECT: {
     if (UseCompressedOops && in_heap) {
       if (val == noreg) {
+        assert(!not_null, "inconsistent access");
         __ clear_mem(addr, 4);
       } else if (CompressedOops::mode() == CompressedOops::UnscaledNarrowOop) {
         __ z_st(val, addr);
@@ -96,6 +99,7 @@ void BarrierSetAssembler::store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators
       }
     } else {
       if (val == noreg) {
+        assert(!not_null, "inconsistent access");
         __ clear_mem(addr, 8);
       } else {
         __ z_stg(val, addr);
@@ -107,6 +111,20 @@ void BarrierSetAssembler::store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators
   }
 }
 
+// Generic implementation. GCs can provide an optimized one.
+void BarrierSetAssembler::flat_field_copy(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators,
+                                          Register src, Register dst, Register inline_layout_info) {
+  // flat_field_copy implementation is fairly complex, and there are not any
+  // "short-cuts" to be made from asm. What there is, appears to have the same
+  // cost in C++, so just "call_VM_leaf" for now rather than maintain hundreds
+  // of hand-rolled instructions...
+  if (decorators & IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED) {
+    __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, BarrierSetRuntime::value_copy_is_dest_uninitialized), src, dst, inline_layout_info);
+  } else {
+    __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, BarrierSetRuntime::value_copy), src, dst, inline_layout_info);
+  }
+}
+
 // Generic implementation. GCs can provide an optimized one.
 void BarrierSetAssembler::resolve_jobject(MacroAssembler* masm, Register value, Register tmp1, Register tmp2) {
 
@@ -197,6 +215,43 @@ void BarrierSetAssembler::nmethod_entry_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm) {
   __ block_comment("} nmethod_entry_barrier (nmethod_entry_barrier)");
 }
 
+void BarrierSetAssembler::c2i_entry_barrier(MacroAssembler *masm, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3) {
+  assert_different_registers(tmp1, tmp2, tmp3);
+
+  __ block_comment("c2i_entry_barrier {");
+
+  Register tmp1_class_loader_data = tmp1;
+
+  Label bad_call, skip_barrier;
+
+  // Fast path: If no method is given, the call is definitely bad.
+  __ compareU64_and_branch(Z_method, (intptr_t)0, Assembler::bcondEqual, bad_call);
+
+  // Load class loader data to determine whether the method's holder is concurrently unloading.
+  __ load_method_holder_cld(tmp1_class_loader_data, Z_method);
+
+  // Fast path: If class loader is strong, the holder cannot be unloaded.
+  __ load_and_test_int2long(tmp2, Address(tmp1_class_loader_data, ClassLoaderData::keep_alive_ref_count_offset()));
+  __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondNotZero, skip_barrier);
+
+  // Class loader is weak. Determine whether the holder is still alive.
+  // On s390 neither ZGC nor Shenandoah are supported, so resolve_oop_handle
+  // with IN_NATIVE (without ON_PHANTOM_OOP_REF) is sufficient; the additional
+  // GC barrier required by those collectors is not needed here.
+  __ z_lg(tmp2, Address(tmp1_class_loader_data, ClassLoaderData::holder_offset()));
+  __ resolve_oop_handle(tmp2, tmp1, tmp3);
+  __ compareU64_and_branch(tmp2, (intptr_t)0, Assembler::bcondNotEqual, skip_barrier);
+
+  __ bind(bad_call);
+
+  __ load_const_optimized(tmp1, SharedRuntime::get_handle_wrong_method_stub());
+  __ z_br(tmp1);
+
+  __ bind(skip_barrier);
+
+  __ block_comment("} c2i_entry_barrier");
+}
+
 void BarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register oop, const char* msg) {
   __ verify_oop(oop, msg);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.hpp
index b9cb2e082b7..c1b174f5f79 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_s390.hpp
@@ -52,6 +52,9 @@ class BarrierSetAssembler: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   virtual void store_at(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators, BasicType type,
                         const Address& addr, Register val, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3);
 
+  virtual void flat_field_copy(MacroAssembler* masm, DecoratorSet decorators,
+                               Register src, Register dst, Register inline_layout_info);
+
   virtual void resolve_jobject(MacroAssembler* masm, Register value, Register tmp1, Register tmp2);
   virtual void resolve_global_jobject(MacroAssembler* masm, Register value, Register tmp1, Register tmp2);
 
@@ -64,6 +67,7 @@ class BarrierSetAssembler: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
                                                Register tmp, Label& slow_path);
 
   virtual void nmethod_entry_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm);
+  virtual void c2i_entry_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3);
 
   virtual void barrier_stubs_init() {}
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod_s390.cpp
index f6bf137da1c..da27cfc6304 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod_s390.cpp
@@ -128,13 +128,38 @@ void BarrierSetNMethod::deoptimize(nmethod* nm, address* return_address_ptr) {
   return;
 }
 
+static void set_guard_value_impl(nmethod* nm, int value, int bit_mask) {
+  NativeMethodBarrier* barrier1 = get_nmethod_barrier(nm);
+  barrier1->set_guard_value(value, bit_mask);
+
+  if (!nm->is_osr_method() && nm->method()->has_scalarized_args()) {
+    assert(false, "untested code");
+    // nmethods with scalarized arguments have multiple entry points that each have an own nmethod entry barrier
+    assert(nm->verified_entry_point() != nm->verified_inline_entry_point(), "scalarized entry point not found");
+    address method_body = nm->is_compiled_by_c1() ? nm->verified_inline_entry_point() : nm->verified_entry_point();
+    address entry_point2 = nm->is_compiled_by_c1() ? nm->verified_entry_point() : nm->verified_inline_entry_point();
+
+    int barrier_offset = reinterpret_cast<address>(barrier1) - method_body;
+    NativeMethodBarrier* barrier2 = reinterpret_cast<NativeMethodBarrier*>(entry_point2 + barrier_offset);
+    assert(barrier1 != barrier2, "sanity");
+    DEBUG_ONLY(barrier2->verify());
+    barrier2->set_guard_value(value, bit_mask);
+
+    if (method_body != nm->verified_inline_ro_entry_point() && entry_point2 != nm->verified_inline_ro_entry_point()) {
+      NativeMethodBarrier* barrier3 = reinterpret_cast<NativeMethodBarrier*>(nm->verified_inline_ro_entry_point() + barrier_offset);
+      assert(barrier1 != barrier3 && barrier2 != barrier3, "sanity");
+      DEBUG_ONLY(barrier3->verify());
+      barrier3->set_guard_value(value, bit_mask);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 void BarrierSetNMethod::set_guard_value(nmethod* nm, int value, int bit_mask) {
   if (!supports_entry_barrier(nm)) {
     return;
   }
 
-  NativeMethodBarrier* barrier = get_nmethod_barrier(nm);
-  barrier->set_guard_value(value, bit_mask);
+  set_guard_value_impl(nm, value, bit_mask);
 }
 
 int BarrierSetNMethod::guard_value(nmethod* nm) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.cpp
index 67877c5529e..e7a8e5fea1c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.cpp
@@ -543,9 +543,12 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::gen_subtype_check(Register Rsub_klass,
                                                   Register Rsuper_klass,
                                                   Register Rtmp1,
                                                   Register Rtmp2,
-                                                  Label &ok_is_subtype) {
+                                                  Label &ok_is_subtype,
+                                                  bool profile) {
   // Profile the not-null value's klass.
-  profile_typecheck(Rtmp1, Rsub_klass, Rtmp2);
+  if (profile) {
+    profile_typecheck(Rtmp1, Rsub_klass, Rtmp2);
+  }
 
   // Do the check.
   check_klass_subtype(Rsub_klass, Rsuper_klass, Rtmp1, Rtmp2, ok_is_subtype);
@@ -1084,6 +1087,10 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::remove_activation(TosState state,
   // Save result (push state before jvmti call and pop it afterwards) and notify jvmti.
   notify_method_exit(false, state, notify_jvmti ? NotifyJVMTI : SkipNotifyJVMTI);
 
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+    stop("implement function InterpreterMacroAssembler::remove_activation #2");
+  }
+
   if (StackReservedPages > 0) {
     BLOCK_COMMENT("reserved_stack_check:");
     // Test if reserved zone needs to be enabled.
@@ -1111,6 +1118,10 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::remove_activation(TosState state,
     bind(no_reserved_zone_enabling);
   }
 
+  if (state == atos && InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+    stop("implement function InterpreterMacroAssembler::remove_activation");
+  }
+
   verify_oop(Z_tos, state);
 
   pop_interpreter_frame(return_pc, Z_ARG2, Z_ARG3);
@@ -1318,20 +1329,52 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_taken_branch(Register mdp, Register bump
   }
 }
 
-// Kills Z_R1_scratch.
-void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp) {
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp, bool acmp) {
+  if (ProfileInterpreter) {
+    Label profile_continue;
+
+    // If no method data exists, go to profile_continue.
+    test_method_data_pointer(mdp, profile_continue);
+
+    // We are not taking a branch. Increment the not taken count.
+    increment_mdp_data_at(mdp, in_bytes(BranchData::not_taken_offset()));
+
+    // The method data pointer needs to be updated.
+    int mdp_delta = in_bytes(BranchData::branch_data_size());
+    if (acmp) {
+      mdp_delta = in_bytes(ACmpData::acmp_data_size());
+    }
+    update_mdp_by_constant(mdp, mdp_delta);
+
+    bind(profile_continue);
+  }
+}
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_acmp(Register mdp,
+                                             Register left,
+                                             Register right,
+                                             Register tmp) {
   if (ProfileInterpreter) {
+    assert_different_registers(mdp, left, right, tmp);
     Label profile_continue;
 
     // If no method data exists, go to profile_continue.
     test_method_data_pointer(mdp, profile_continue);
 
-    // We are taking a branch. Increment the not taken count.
-    increment_mdp_data_at(mdp, in_bytes(BranchData::not_taken_offset()), Z_R1_scratch);
+    profile_obj_type(left, Address(mdp, in_bytes(ACmpData::left_offset())), tmp);
+
+    Label left_not_inline_type;
+    test_oop_is_not_inline_type(left, tmp, left_not_inline_type);
+    set_mdp_flag_at(mdp, ACmpData::left_inline_type_byte_constant());
+    bind(left_not_inline_type);
+
+    profile_obj_type(right, Address(mdp, in_bytes(ACmpData::right_offset())), tmp);
+
+    Label right_not_inline_type;
+    test_oop_is_not_inline_type(right, tmp, right_not_inline_type);
+    set_mdp_flag_at(mdp, ACmpData::right_inline_type_byte_constant());
+    bind(right_not_inline_type);
 
-    // The method data pointer needs to be updated to correspond to
-    // the next bytecode.
-    update_mdp_by_constant(mdp, in_bytes(BranchData::branch_data_size()));
     bind(profile_continue);
   }
 }
@@ -1570,6 +1613,88 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_obj_type(Register obj, Address mdo_addr,
   bind(do_nothing);
 }
 
+template <class ArrayData> void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_array_type(Register array,
+                                                                              Register tmp1,
+                                                                              Register tmp2) {
+  if (ProfileInterpreter) {
+    Label profile_continue;
+    assert_different_registers(array, tmp1, tmp2);
+
+    // If no method data exists, go to profile_continue.
+    test_method_data_pointer(tmp1, profile_continue);
+
+    profile_obj_type(array, Address(tmp1, in_bytes(ArrayData::array_offset())), tmp2);
+
+    Label not_flat;
+    test_non_flat_array_oop(array, tmp2, not_flat);
+    set_mdp_flag_at(tmp1, ArrayData::flat_array_byte_constant());
+    bind(not_flat);
+
+    Label not_null_free;
+    test_non_null_free_array_oop(array, tmp2, not_null_free);
+    set_mdp_flag_at(tmp1, ArrayData::null_free_array_byte_constant());
+    bind(not_null_free);
+
+    bind(profile_continue);
+  }
+}
+
+template void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_array_type<ArrayLoadData>(Register array,
+                                                                           Register tmp1,
+                                                                           Register tmp2);
+template void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_array_type<ArrayStoreData>(Register array,
+                                                                            Register tmp1,
+                                                                            Register tmp2);
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_element_type(Register element,
+                                                     Register tmp1,
+                                                     Register tmp2) {
+  if (ProfileInterpreter) {
+    Label profile_continue;
+    assert_different_registers(element, tmp1, tmp2);
+
+    // If no method data exists, go to profile_continue.
+    test_method_data_pointer(tmp1, profile_continue);
+
+    profile_obj_type(element, Address(tmp1, in_bytes(ArrayLoadData::element_offset())), tmp2);
+
+    // The method data pointer needs to be updated.
+    update_mdp_by_constant(tmp1, in_bytes(ArrayLoadData::array_load_data_size()));
+
+    bind(profile_continue);
+  }
+}
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_multiple_element_types(Register element,
+                                                               Register tmp1,
+                                                               Register tmp2,
+                                                               Register tmp3) {
+  if (ProfileInterpreter) {
+    Label profile_continue;
+    assert_different_registers(element, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3);
+
+    // If no method data exists, go to profile_continue.
+    test_method_data_pointer(tmp1, profile_continue);
+
+    Label done, update;
+    compareU64_and_branch(element, (intptr_t)0, Assembler::bcondNotEqual, update);
+    set_mdp_flag_at(tmp1, BitData::null_seen_byte_constant());
+    z_bru(done);
+
+    bind(update);
+    load_klass(tmp2, element);
+
+    profile_receiver_type(tmp2, tmp1, 0, tmp3);
+
+    bind(done);
+
+    // The method data pointer needs to be updated.
+    update_mdp_by_constant(tmp1, in_bytes(ArrayStoreData::array_store_data_size()));
+
+    bind(profile_continue);
+  }
+}
+
 void InterpreterMacroAssembler::profile_arguments_type(Register mdp, Register callee, Register tmp, bool is_virtual) {
   if (!ProfileInterpreter) {
     return;
@@ -2072,3 +2197,52 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::pop_interpreter_frame(Register return_pc, Regist
   z_stg(Z_ARG3, _z_parent_ijava_frame_abi(return_pc), Z_SP);
 #endif
 }
+
+//-------------------------------------
+//  Valhalla inline type support
+//-------------------------------------
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::read_flat_field(Register entry, Register obj) {
+  assert_different_registers(entry, obj);
+  assert_different_registers(entry, Z_ARG2);
+  call_VM(obj, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::read_flat_field), obj, entry);
+}
+
+void InterpreterMacroAssembler::write_flat_field(Register entry, Register field_offset,
+                                                 Register tmp1, Register tmp2,
+                                                 Register obj) {
+  assert_different_registers(entry, field_offset, tmp1, tmp2, obj);
+  Label slow_path, done;
+
+  // Load flags and check if field is null-free inline type.
+  load_sized_value(tmp1, Address(entry, in_bytes(ResolvedFieldEntry::flags_offset())), sizeof(u1), false);
+  test_field_is_not_null_free_inline_type(tmp1, slow_path);
+
+  // Null check the value being stored (Z_tos holds the value oop).
+  null_check(Z_tos);  // FIXME JDK-8341120
+
+  // Advance obj to the exact field address inside the object.
+  z_agr(obj, field_offset);
+
+  // Compute the payload address of the value oop (Z_tos).
+  // load_klass clobbers tmp1; payload_addr overwrites Z_tos in-place using tmp1 as the klass.
+  load_klass(tmp1, Z_tos);
+  payload_addr(Z_tos, Z_tos, tmp1);
+
+  // Load the InlineLayoutInfo for this field:
+  //   field_index (u2) from the entry, holder klass pointer from the entry.
+  // Reuse field_offset as the layout_info register from here on.
+  Register layout_info = field_offset;
+  load_sized_value(tmp1, Address(entry, in_bytes(ResolvedFieldEntry::field_index_offset())), sizeof(u2), false);
+  load_sized_value(tmp2, Address(entry, in_bytes(ResolvedFieldEntry::field_holder_offset())), sizeof(void*), false);
+  inline_layout_info(tmp2, tmp1, layout_info);
+
+  // Inline byte-copy of the value's payload into the flat field slot.
+  flat_field_copy(IN_HEAP, Z_tos, obj, layout_info);
+  z_bru(done);
+
+  bind(slow_path);
+  call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::write_flat_field), obj, Z_tos, entry);
+
+  bind(done);
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.hpp
index 6921fd05ff0..bb7013f139b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interp_masm_s390.hpp
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
 
   // Generate a subtype check: branch to ok_is_subtype if sub_klass is
   // a subtype of super_klass. Blows registers tmp1, tmp2 and tmp3.
-  void gen_subtype_check(Register sub_klass, Register super_klass, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Label &ok_is_subtype);
+  void gen_subtype_check(Register sub_klass, Register super_klass, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Label &ok_is_subtype, bool profile = true);
 
   void load_resolved_indy_entry(Register cache, Register index);
   void load_field_entry (Register cache, Register index, int bcp_offset = 1);
@@ -269,6 +269,12 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
   void lock_object  (Register lock_reg, Register obj_reg);
   void unlock_object(Register lock_reg, Register obj_reg=noreg);
 
+  // Valhalla support for flat fields
+  void read_flat_field(Register entry, Register obj);
+  void write_flat_field(Register entry, Register field_offset,
+                        Register tmp1, Register tmp2,
+                        Register obj);
+
   // Interpreter profiling operations
   void set_method_data_pointer_for_bcp();
   void test_method_data_pointer(Register mdp, Label& zero_continue);
@@ -292,7 +298,8 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
   void update_mdp_for_ret(Register return_bci);
 
   void profile_taken_branch(Register mdp, Register bumped_count);
-  void profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp);
+  void profile_not_taken_branch(Register mdp, bool acmp = false);
+  void profile_acmp(Register mdp, Register left, Register right, Register tmp);
   void profile_call(Register mdp);
   void profile_final_call(Register mdp);
   void profile_virtual_call(Register receiver, Register mdp,
@@ -308,6 +315,9 @@ class InterpreterMacroAssembler: public MacroAssembler {
   void profile_arguments_type(Register mdp, Register callee, Register tmp, bool is_virtual);
   void profile_return_type(Register mdp, Register ret, Register tmp);
   void profile_parameters_type(Register mdp, Register tmp1, Register tmp2);
+  template <class ArrayData> void profile_array_type(Register array, Register tmp1, Register tmp2);
+  void profile_element_type(Register element, Register tmp1, Register tmp2);
+  void profile_multiple_element_types(Register element, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3);
 
   // Debugging
   void verify_oop(Register reg, TosState state = atos);    // Only if +VerifyOops && state == atos.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interpreterRT_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interpreterRT_s390.cpp
index dd5bdc071fc..c9d7adbc36a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interpreterRT_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/interpreterRT_s390.cpp
@@ -132,7 +132,6 @@ void InterpreterRuntime::SignatureHandlerGenerator::pass_object() {
   }
 }
 
-
 void InterpreterRuntime::SignatureHandlerGenerator::generate(uint64_t fingerprint) {
   __ z_lgr(Z_R1, Z_ARG1); // Z_R1 is used in locals_j_arg_at(index) macro.
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/jniFastGetField_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/jniFastGetField_s390.cpp
index f1c8095caa6..00c9316c355 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/jniFastGetField_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/jniFastGetField_s390.cpp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "prims/jniFastGetField.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvm_misc.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
+#include "runtime/jfieldIDWorkaround.hpp"
 #include "runtime/safepoint.hpp"
 
 // TSO ensures that loads are blocking and ordered with respect to
@@ -88,7 +89,11 @@ address JNI_FastGetField::generate_fast_get_int_field0(BasicType type) {
   BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
   bs->try_resolve_jobject_in_native(masm, Z_ARG1, Robj, Rtmp, slow);
 
-  __ z_srlg(Rtmp, Z_ARG3, 2); // offset
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+    __ stop("implement function JNI_FastGetField::generate_fast_get_int_field0");
+  }
+
+  __ z_srlg(Rtmp, Z_ARG3, jfieldIDWorkaround::offset_shift); // offset
   __ z_agr(Robj, Rtmp);
 
   assert(count < LIST_CAPACITY, "LIST_CAPACITY too small");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp
index 716131c1edd..b434b3bd9ca 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 
 #include "asm/codeBuffer.hpp"
 #include "asm/macroAssembler.inline.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "code/compiledIC.hpp"
 #include "compiler/disassembler.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
@@ -41,8 +42,10 @@
 #include "oops/compressedOops.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/methodData.hpp"
+#include "oops/resolvedFieldEntry.hpp"
 #include "prims/methodHandles.hpp"
 #include "registerSaver_s390.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/icache.hpp"
 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/objectMonitor.hpp"
@@ -51,10 +54,15 @@
 #include "runtime/safepoint.hpp"
 #include "runtime/safepointMechanism.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
+#include "runtime/signature_cc.hpp"
 #include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
 #include "utilities/events.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
+#include "vmreg_s390.inline.hpp"
+#ifdef COMPILER2
+#include "opto/output.hpp"
+#endif
 
 #include <ucontext.h>
 
@@ -2405,6 +2413,10 @@ void MacroAssembler::call_VM(Register oop_result, Register last_java_sp, address
 
 // VM leaf calls.
 
+void MacroAssembler::super_call_VM_leaf(address entry_point) {
+  MacroAssembler::call_VM_leaf_base(entry_point, true);
+}
+
 void MacroAssembler::call_VM_leaf(address entry_point) {
   // Call takes possible detour via InterpreterMacroAssembler.
   call_VM_leaf_base(entry_point, true);
@@ -3908,6 +3920,43 @@ void MacroAssembler::null_check(Register reg, Register tmp, int64_t offset) {
   }
 }
 
+//-------------------------------------
+//  Valhalla inline type support
+//-------------------------------------
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_markword_is_inline_type(Register markword, Label& is_inline_type) {
+  static_assert(markWord::inline_type_pattern <= 0x7FFF, "must fit in simm16 for z_chi");
+  z_nilf(markword, markWord::inline_type_pattern_mask);
+  z_chi(markword, markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+  branch_optimized(bcondEqual, is_inline_type);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_oop_is_not_inline_type(Register object, Register tmp, Label& not_inline_type, bool can_be_null) {
+  if (can_be_null) {
+    z_ltgr(object, object);
+    branch_optimized(bcondEqual, not_inline_type);
+  }
+  z_lg(tmp, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), object);
+  z_nilf(tmp, markWord::inline_type_pattern_mask);
+  z_chi(tmp, markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+  branch_optimized(bcondNotEqual, not_inline_type);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_field_is_null_free_inline_type(Register flags, Label& is_null_free) {
+  testbit(flags, ResolvedFieldEntry::is_null_free_inline_type_shift);
+  z_brc(Assembler::bcondAllOne, is_null_free);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_field_is_not_null_free_inline_type(Register flags, Label& not_null_free_inline_type) {
+  testbit(flags, ResolvedFieldEntry::is_null_free_inline_type_shift);
+  z_brc(Assembler::bcondAllZero, not_null_free_inline_type);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_field_is_flat(Register flags, Label& is_flat) {
+  testbit(flags, ResolvedFieldEntry::is_flat_shift);
+  z_brc(Assembler::bcondAllOne, is_flat);
+}
+
 //-------------------------------------
 //  Compressed Klass Pointers
 //-------------------------------------
@@ -4179,6 +4228,19 @@ void MacroAssembler::load_klass(Register klass, Register src_oop) {
   }
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::load_metadata(Register dst, Register src) {
+  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+    load_narrow_klass_compact(dst, src);
+  } else {
+    z_llgf(dst, oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes(), src);
+  }
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::load_prototype_header(Register dst, Register src) {
+  load_klass(dst, src);
+  z_lg(dst, Address(dst, Klass::prototype_header_offset()));
+}
+
 void MacroAssembler::store_klass(Register klass, Register dst_oop, Register ck) {
   assert(!UseCompactObjectHeaders, "Don't use with compact headers");
   assert_different_registers(dst_oop, klass, Z_R0);
@@ -4198,6 +4260,68 @@ void MacroAssembler::store_klass_gap(Register s, Register d) {
   }
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::test_oop_prototype_bit(Register oop, Register temp_reg, int32_t test_bit, bool jmp_set, Label& jmp_label) {
+  assert_different_registers(oop, temp_reg);
+  assert(test_bit <= 0xFFFF, "must fit in low 16 bits for z_tmll");
+  // Load mark word
+  z_lg(temp_reg, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), oop);
+  if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
+    Label test_mark_word;
+    // If unlocked bit is set we can directly use the mark word
+    z_tmll(temp_reg, markWord::unlocked_value);
+    z_brnaz(test_mark_word);
+    // Slow path: use klass prototype
+    load_prototype_header(temp_reg, oop);
+    bind(test_mark_word);
+  }
+  z_tmll(temp_reg, test_bit);
+  // Use branch_optimized to handle both near and far branches automatically
+  branch_optimized(jmp_set ? Assembler::bcondNotAllZero : Assembler::bcondAllZero, jmp_label);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_flat_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_flat_array) {
+  test_oop_prototype_bit(oop, temp_reg, markWord::flat_array_bit_in_place, true, is_flat_array);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_non_flat_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_non_flat_array) {
+  test_oop_prototype_bit(oop, temp_reg, markWord::flat_array_bit_in_place, false, is_non_flat_array);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_null_free_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_null_free_array) {
+  test_oop_prototype_bit(oop, temp_reg, markWord::null_free_array_bit_in_place, true, is_null_free_array);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_non_null_free_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_non_null_free_array) {
+  test_oop_prototype_bit(oop, temp_reg, markWord::null_free_array_bit_in_place, false, is_non_null_free_array);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::test_flat_array_layout(Register lh, Label& is_flat_array) {
+  testbit(lh, exact_log2(Klass::_lh_array_tag_flat_value_bit_inplace));
+  z_brnaz(is_flat_array);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::inline_layout_info(Register holder_klass, Register index, Register layout_info) {
+  assert_different_registers(holder_klass, index, layout_info);
+  z_lg(layout_info, Address(holder_klass, InstanceKlass::inline_layout_info_array_offset()));
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  {
+    Label done;
+    z_ltgr(layout_info, layout_info);
+    z_brne(done);
+    stop("inline_layout_info_array is null");
+    bind(done);
+  }
+#endif
+  InlineLayoutInfo array[2];
+  int size = (char*)&array[1] - (char*)&array[0]; // computing size of array elements
+  if (is_power_of_2(size)) {
+    z_sllg(index, index, log2i_exact(size)); // Scale index by power of 2
+  } else {
+    z_msgfi(index, size); // Scale the index to be the entry index * array_element_size
+  }
+  z_lay(layout_info, Address(layout_info, index, Array<InlineLayoutInfo>::base_offset_in_bytes()));
+}
+
 // Compare klass ptr in memory against klass ptr in register.
 //
 // Rop1            - klass in register, always uncompressed.
@@ -4441,6 +4565,32 @@ void MacroAssembler::store_heap_oop(Register Roop, const Address &a,
   access_store_at(T_OBJECT, IN_HEAP | decorators, a, Roop, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3);
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::flat_field_copy(DecoratorSet decorators, Register src, Register dst,
+                                     Register inline_layout_info) {
+  BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
+  bs->flat_field_copy(this, decorators, src, dst, inline_layout_info);
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::payload_offset(Register inline_klass, Register offset) {
+  z_lg(offset, Address(inline_klass, InlineKlass::adr_members_offset()));
+  z_llgf(offset, Address(offset, InlineKlass::payload_offset_offset()));
+}
+
+void MacroAssembler::payload_addr(Register oop, Register data, Register inline_klass) {
+  // ((address) (void*) o) + vk->payload_offset();
+  //
+  // oop must differ from inline_klass: payload_offset() overwrites inline_klass
+  // with the payload offset integer before we add it back to oop.
+  assert_different_registers(oop, inline_klass);
+  Register offset = (data == oop) ? Z_R1_scratch : data;
+  payload_offset(inline_klass, offset);
+  if (data == oop) {
+    z_agr(data, offset);
+  } else {
+    z_lay(data, Address(oop, offset));
+  }
+}
+
 //-------------------------------------------------
 // Encode compressed oop. Generally usable encoder.
 //-------------------------------------------------
@@ -4725,6 +4875,11 @@ void MacroAssembler::load_method_holder(Register holder, Register method) {
   mem2reg_opt(holder, Address(holder, ConstantPool::pool_holder_offset()));
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::load_method_holder_cld(Register result, Register method) {
+  load_method_holder(result, method);
+  z_lg(result, Address(result, InstanceKlass::class_loader_data_offset()));
+}
+
 //---------------------------------------------------------------
 //---  Operations on arrays.
 //---------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -4870,6 +5025,31 @@ unsigned int MacroAssembler::Clear_Array_Const_Big(long cnt, Register base_point
   return block_end - block_start;
 }
 
+// Fill words with a non-zero value.
+void MacroAssembler::fill_words(Register base, Register cnt, Register value, Register tmp) {
+  assert_different_registers(base, cnt, value, tmp);
+  NearLabel loop, loop_end;
+
+  BLOCK_COMMENT("fill_words {");
+
+  // 2x unrolled loop; cnt == 0 is handled correctly (both branches skip, falls to done)
+  z_srag(tmp, cnt, 1);    // tmp = cnt / 2, sets CC
+  z_bre(loop_end);         // skip pair loop if cnt < 2
+
+  bind(loop);
+  z_stg(value, 0, base);
+  z_stg(value, 8, base);
+  z_la(base, 16, base);
+  z_brctg(tmp, loop);      // 64-bit decrement-and-branch
+
+  bind(loop_end);
+
+  z_tmll(cnt, 1);
+  z_stocg(value, 0, base, bcondNotAllZero);
+
+  BLOCK_COMMENT("} fill_words");
+}
+
 // Allocator.
 unsigned int MacroAssembler::CopyRawMemory_AlignedDisjoint(Register src_reg, Register dst_reg,
                                                            Register cnt_reg,
@@ -5972,15 +6152,19 @@ void MacroAssembler::restore_volatile_regs(Register src, int offset, bool includ
 
 // Plausibility check for oops.
 void MacroAssembler::verify_oop(Register oop, const char* msg) {
-  if (!VerifyOops) return;
+  if (!VerifyOops || VerifyAdapterSharing) {
+    // Below address of the code string confuses VerifyAdapterSharing
+    // because it may differ between otherwise equivalent adapters.
+    return;
+  }
 
   BLOCK_COMMENT("verify_oop {");
+  // 5 GPRs (Z_R1-Z_R5) + 8 FPRs (Z_F0-Z_F7) + 1 word for CC save (z_mvi writes 1 byte)
   unsigned int nbytes_save = (5 + 8 + 1) * BytesPerWord;
   address entry_addr = StubRoutines::verify_oop_subroutine_entry_address();
 
   save_return_pc();
 
-  // Push frame, but preserve flags
   z_lgr(Z_R0, Z_SP);
   z_lay(Z_SP, -((int64_t)nbytes_save + frame::z_abi_160_size), Z_SP);
   z_stg(Z_R0, _z_abi(callers_sp), Z_SP);
@@ -6001,7 +6185,11 @@ void MacroAssembler::verify_oop(Register oop, const char* msg) {
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::verify_oop_addr(Address addr, const char* msg) {
-  if (!VerifyOops) return;
+  if (!VerifyOops || VerifyAdapterSharing) {
+    // Below address of the code string confuses VerifyAdapterSharing
+    // because it may differ between otherwise equivalent adapters.
+    return;
+  }
 
   BLOCK_COMMENT("verify_oop {");
   unsigned int nbytes_save = (5 + 8) * BytesPerWord;
@@ -6201,6 +6389,12 @@ void MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register basic_lock, Register obj, Register temp1
   { // Try to lock. Transition lock bits 0b01 => 0b00
     const Register locked_obj = top;
     z_oill(mark, markWord::unlocked_value);
+    if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+      static_assert((uint32_t)markWord::inline_type_bit_in_place <= 0x7FFFFFFF,
+                     "inline_type_bit_in_place must fit in low 32 bits for z_nilf");
+      // Mask inline_type bit so CAS fails (-> slow) if object is an inline type.
+      z_nilf(mark, ~((uint32_t)markWord::inline_type_bit_in_place));
+    }
     z_lgr(locked_obj, mark);
     // Clear lock-bits from locked_obj (locked state)
     z_xilf(locked_obj, markWord::unlocked_value);
@@ -6358,6 +6552,12 @@ void MacroAssembler::compiler_fast_lock_object(Register obj, Register box, Regis
       assert(mark_offset == 0, "required to avoid a lea");
       const Register locked_obj = top;
       z_oill(mark, markWord::unlocked_value);
+      if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+        static_assert((uint32_t)markWord::inline_type_bit_in_place <= 0x7FFFFFFF,
+                      "inline_type_bit_in_place must fit in low 32 bits for z_nilf");
+        // Mask inline_type bit so CAS fails (-> slow) if object is an inline type.
+        z_nilf(mark, ~((uint32_t)markWord::inline_type_bit_in_place));
+      }
       z_lgr(locked_obj, mark);
       // Clear lock-bits from locked_obj (locked state)
       z_xilf(locked_obj, markWord::unlocked_value);
@@ -6443,7 +6643,6 @@ void MacroAssembler::compiler_fast_lock_object(Register obj, Register box, Regis
     const Address owner_address(tmp1_monitor, ObjectMonitor::owner_offset() - monitor_tag);
     const Address recursions_address(tmp1_monitor, ObjectMonitor::recursions_offset() - monitor_tag);
 
-
     // Try to CAS owner (no owner => current thread's _monitor_owner_id).
     // If csg succeeds then CR=EQ, otherwise, register zero is filled
     // with the current owner.
@@ -6989,6 +7188,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::profile_receiver_type(Register recv, Register mdp, int mdp_
 // Unimplemented methods for inline types.
 int MacroAssembler::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf(ciInlineKlass* vk, bool from_interpreter) {
    Unimplemented();
+   return 0;
 }
 
 bool MacroAssembler::move_helper(VMReg from, VMReg to, BasicType bt, RegState reg_state[]) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.hpp
index 4eec07a8b5b..3fd18214472 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.hpp
@@ -554,6 +554,7 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   void call_VM(Register oop_result, Register last_java_sp, address entry_point,
                Register arg_1, Register arg_2, Register arg_3, bool check_exceptions = true);
 
+  void super_call_VM_leaf(address entry_point);
   void call_VM_leaf(address entry_point);
   void call_VM_leaf(address entry_point, Register arg_1);
   void call_VM_leaf(address entry_point, Register arg_1, Register arg_2);
@@ -844,12 +845,25 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   static bool needs_explicit_null_check(intptr_t offset);  // Implemented in shared file ?!
   static bool uses_implicit_null_check(void* address);
 
+  // markWord tests, kills markWord reg
+  void test_markword_is_inline_type(Register markword, Label& is_inline_type);
+
+  // inlineKlass queries, kills temp_reg
+  void test_oop_is_not_inline_type(Register object, Register tmp, Label& not_inline_type, bool can_be_null = true);
+
+  // Valhalla support for inline types
+  void test_field_is_null_free_inline_type(Register flags, Label& is_null_free);
+  void test_field_is_not_null_free_inline_type(Register flags, Label& not_null_free_inline_type);
+  void test_field_is_flat(Register flags, Label& is_flat);
+
   // Klass oop manipulations if compressed.
+  void load_metadata(Register dst, Register src);
   void encode_klass_not_null(Register dst, Register src = noreg);
   void decode_klass_not_null(Register dst, Register src);
   void decode_klass_not_null(Register dst);
   void load_klass(Register klass, Address mem);
   void load_klass(Register klass, Register src_oop);
+  void load_prototype_header(Register dst, Register src);
   void store_klass(Register klass, Register dst_oop, Register ck = noreg); // Klass will get compressed if ck not provided.
   void store_klass_gap(Register s, Register dst_oop);
   void load_narrow_klass_compact(Register dst, Register src);
@@ -859,6 +873,16 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   // Uses tmp1 and tmp2 as temporary registers.
   void cmp_klasses_from_objects(Register obj1, Register obj2, Register tmp1, Register tmp2);
 
+  // Check oops for special arrays, i.e. flat arrays and/or null-free arrays.
+  // temp_reg is clobbered; oop and temp_reg must be distinct.
+  void test_oop_prototype_bit(Register oop, Register temp_reg, int32_t test_bit, bool jmp_set, Label& jmp_label);
+  void test_flat_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_flat_array);
+  void test_non_flat_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_non_flat_array);
+  void test_null_free_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_null_free_array);
+  void test_non_null_free_array_oop(Register oop, Register temp_reg, Label& is_non_null_free_array);
+  void test_flat_array_layout(Register lh, Label& is_flat_array);
+  void inline_layout_info(Register holder_klass, Register index, Register layout_info);
+
   // This function calculates the size of the code generated by
   //   decode_klass_not_null(register dst)
   // when Universe::heap() isn't null. Hence, if the instructions
@@ -882,6 +906,12 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
                       const Address& addr, Register dst,
                       Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Label *is_null = nullptr);
 
+  void flat_field_copy(DecoratorSet decorators, Register src, Register dst, Register inline_layout_info);
+
+  // inline type data payload offsets
+  void payload_offset(Register inline_klass, Register offset);
+  void payload_addr(Register oop, Register data, Register inline_klass);
+
  public:
   // tmp1 and tmp2 are used with decorators ON_PHANTOM_OOP_REF or ON_WEAK_OOP_REF.
   void load_heap_oop(Register dest, const Address &a,
@@ -898,6 +928,7 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
 
   void resolve_oop_handle(Register result, Register tmp1, Register tmp2);
   void load_method_holder(Register holder, Register method);
+  void load_method_holder_cld(Register result, Register method);
 
   //--------------------------
   //---  Operations on arrays.
@@ -905,6 +936,7 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   unsigned int Clear_Array(Register cnt_arg, Register base_pointer_arg, Register odd_tmp_reg);
   unsigned int Clear_Array_Const(long cnt, Register base);
   unsigned int Clear_Array_Const_Big(long cnt, Register base_pointer_arg, Register odd_tmp_reg);
+  void fill_words(Register base, Register cnt, Register value, Register tmp);
   unsigned int CopyRawMemory_AlignedDisjoint(Register src_reg, Register dst_reg,
                                              Register cnt_reg,
                                              Register tmp1_reg, Register tmp2_reg);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/methodHandles_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/methodHandles_s390.cpp
index dfb8ce09b27..418895bbfb5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/methodHandles_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/methodHandles_s390.cpp
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ void MethodHandles::jump_from_method_handle(MacroAssembler* _masm, Register meth
   assert(method == Z_method, "interpreter calling convention");
   __ verify_method_ptr(method);
 
-  assert(target != method, "don 't you kill the method reg!");
+  assert(target != method, "don't you kill the method reg!");
 
   Label L_no_such_method;
 
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ void MethodHandles::jump_from_method_handle(MacroAssembler* _masm, Register meth
     __ load_and_test_int(temp, Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::interp_only_mode_offset()));
     __ z_bre(run_compiled_code);
 
-    // Null method test is replicated below in compiled case.,
+    // Null method test is replicated below in compiled case.
     __ z_ltgr(temp, method);
     __ z_bre(L_no_such_method);
 
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ void MethodHandles::jump_from_method_handle(MacroAssembler* _masm, Register meth
   __ z_bre(L_no_such_method);
 
   ByteSize offset = for_compiler_entry ?
-                       Method::from_compiled_offset() : Method::from_interpreted_offset();
+                       Method::from_compiled_inline_offset() : Method::from_interpreted_offset();
   Address method_from(method, offset);
 
   __ z_lg(target, method_from);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/registerSaver_s390.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/registerSaver_s390.hpp
index 2d3c35250ba..1546289a4ad 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/registerSaver_s390.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/registerSaver_s390.hpp
@@ -58,6 +58,14 @@ class RegisterSaver {
 
   // During deoptimization only the result register need to be restored
   // all the other values have already been extracted.
+
+  // Push frame and save argument registers.
+  static void push_frame_and_save_argument_registers(MacroAssembler* masm, Register r_temp,
+                                                     int frame_size, int total_args,
+                                                     const VMRegPair* regs);
+  // Restore argument registers and pop frame.
+  static void restore_argument_registers_and_pop_frame(MacroAssembler* masm, int frame_size,
+                                                       int total_args, const VMRegPair* regs);
   static void restore_result_registers(MacroAssembler* masm, bool save_vectors);
 
   // Constants and data structures:
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
index 3b15af0943a..9600eba394d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/s390.ad
@@ -2989,6 +2989,15 @@ operand immI_1() %{
   interface(CONST_INTER);
 %}
 
+// Integer Immediate: the value 4.
+operand immI_4() %{
+  predicate(n->get_int() == 4);
+  match(ConI);
+  op_cost(1);
+  format %{ %}
+  interface(CONST_INTER);
+%}
+
 // Integer Immediate: the value 16.
 operand immI_16() %{
   predicate(n->get_int() == 16);
@@ -5342,6 +5351,24 @@ instruct castP2X(iRegL dst, iRegP_N2P src) %{
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_dummy);
 %}
 
+// Cast Narrow Pointer to Long for unsafe natives.
+instruct castN2X(iRegL dst, iRegN src) %{
+  match(Set dst (CastP2X src));
+  size(4); // LLGFR is 4 bytes
+  format %{ "LLGFR  $dst,$src\t # CastN2X" %}
+  ins_encode %{ __ llgfr_if_needed($dst$$Register, $src$$Register); %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_dummy);
+%}
+
+// Cast Integer to Narrow Pointer for inline types.
+instruct castI2N(iRegN dst, iRegI src) %{
+  match(Set dst (CastI2N src));
+  size(2); // LR is 2 bytes
+  format %{ "LR      $dst,$src\t # CastI2N" %}
+  ins_encode %{ __ lr_if_needed($dst$$Register, $src$$Register); %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_dummy);
+%}
+
 instruct stfSSD(stackSlotD stkSlot, regD src) %{
   // %%%% TODO: Tell the coalescer that this kind of node is a copy!
   match(Set stkSlot src);   // chain rule
@@ -10230,8 +10257,8 @@ instruct cmpFastUnlock(flagsReg pcc, iRegP_N2P oop, iRegP_N2P box, iRegP tmp1, i
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_dummy);
 %}
 
-instruct inlineCallClearArrayConst(SSlenDW cnt, iRegP_N2P base, Universe dummy, flagsReg cr) %{
-  match(Set dummy (ClearArray cnt base));
+instruct inlineCallClearArrayConst(SSlenDW cnt, iRegP_N2P base, immL_0 zero, Universe dummy, flagsReg cr) %{
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) zero));
   effect(KILL cr);
   ins_cost(100);
   // TODO: s390 port size(VARIABLE_SIZE);       // Variable in size due to varying #instructions.
@@ -10240,8 +10267,8 @@ instruct inlineCallClearArrayConst(SSlenDW cnt, iRegP_N2P base, Universe dummy,
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_dummy);
 %}
 
-instruct inlineCallClearArrayConstBig(immL cnt, iRegP_N2P base, Universe dummy, allRoddRegL tmpL, flagsReg cr) %{
-  match(Set dummy (ClearArray cnt base));
+instruct inlineCallClearArrayConstBig(immL cnt, iRegP_N2P base, immL_0 zero, Universe dummy, allRoddRegL tmpL, flagsReg cr) %{
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) zero));
   effect(TEMP tmpL, KILL cr); // R0, R1 are killed, too.
   ins_cost(200);
   // TODO: s390 port size(VARIABLE_SIZE);       // Variable in size due to optimized constant loader.
@@ -10250,8 +10277,8 @@ instruct inlineCallClearArrayConstBig(immL cnt, iRegP_N2P base, Universe dummy,
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_dummy);
 %}
 
-instruct inlineCallClearArray(iRegL cnt, iRegP_N2P base, Universe dummy, allRoddRegL tmpL, flagsReg cr) %{
-  match(Set dummy (ClearArray cnt base));
+instruct inlineCallClearArray(iRegL cnt, iRegP_N2P base, immL_0 zero, Universe dummy, allRoddRegL tmpL, flagsReg cr) %{
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) zero));
   effect(TEMP tmpL, KILL cr); // R0, R1 are killed, too.
   ins_cost(300);
   // TODO: s390 port size(FIXED_SIZE);  // z/Architecture: emitted code depends on PreferLAoverADD being on/off.
@@ -10260,6 +10287,17 @@ instruct inlineCallClearArray(iRegL cnt, iRegP_N2P base, Universe dummy, allRodd
   ins_pipe(pipe_class_dummy);
 %}
 
+// Clear-array with dynamic array length and non-zero value.
+instruct inlineCallClearArrayWordFill(iRegL cnt, iRegP_N2P base, iRegL val, Universe dummy, iRegL tmpL, flagsReg cr) %{
+  predicate(((ClearArrayNode*)n)->requires_word_fill());
+  match(Set dummy (ClearArray (Binary cnt base) val));
+  effect(TEMP tmpL, KILL cr);
+  ins_cost(BRANCH_COST); // dynamic-length store loop
+  format %{ "ClearArrayWordCopy $cnt,$base,$val" %}
+  ins_encode %{ __ fill_words($base$$Register, $cnt$$Register, $val$$Register, $tmpL$$Register); %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_class_dummy);
+%}
+
 // ============================================================================
 // CompactStrings
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/sharedRuntime_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/sharedRuntime_s390.cpp
index f00d0aafbde..06b6b74c9fd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/sharedRuntime_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/sharedRuntime_s390.cpp
@@ -608,6 +608,86 @@ void RegisterSaver::restore_result_registers(MacroAssembler* masm, bool save_vec
   assert(offset == live_reg_frame_size(all_registers, save_vectors) - (save_vectors ? vreg_save_size : 0) , "consistency check");
 }
 
+static void flush_gpr_run(MacroAssembler* masm, bool save,
+                          Register first, Register last, int low_off) {
+  assert(first != noreg && last != noreg, "must have a run");
+  if (first == last) {
+    save ? __ z_stg(first, low_off, Z_SP)
+         : __ z_lg( first, low_off, Z_SP);
+  } else {
+    save ? __ z_stmg(first, last, low_off, Z_SP)
+         : __ z_lmg( first, last, low_off, Z_SP);
+  }
+}
+
+static void save_or_restore_arg_regs(MacroAssembler* masm, bool save,
+                                     int total_args, const VMRegPair* regs,
+                                     int st_off) {
+  Register first = noreg, last = noreg;
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < total_args; i++) {
+    VMReg r_1 = regs[i].first();
+    VMReg r_2 = regs[i].second();
+    if (!r_1->is_valid()) {
+      assert(!r_2->is_valid(), "");
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (r_1->is_Register()) {
+      Register r = r_1->as_Register();
+      // Extend the run while r is the immediate successor of last.
+      // Check from the incoming side to avoid the modular wrap-around
+      // of successor() at R15->R0 (matching save_live_registers).
+      if (last == noreg || last != r->predecessor()) {
+        // Flush the previous run and start a new one.
+        // st_off was decremented past the last register of the previous run,
+        // so its lowest slot is at st_off + wordSize.
+        if (first != noreg) {
+          flush_gpr_run(masm, save, first, last, st_off + wordSize);
+        }
+        first = r;
+      }
+      last    = r;
+      st_off -= wordSize;
+    } else if (r_1->is_FloatRegister()) {
+      // A float register breaks the current GPR run.
+      if (first != noreg) {
+        flush_gpr_run(masm, save, first, last, st_off + wordSize);
+        first = noreg;
+        last  = noreg;
+      }
+      FloatRegister f = r_1->as_FloatRegister();
+      save ? __ z_std(f, st_off, Z_SP)
+           : __ z_ld( f, st_off, Z_SP);
+      st_off -= wordSize;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Flush any trailing GPR run.
+  if (first != noreg) {
+    flush_gpr_run(masm, save, first, last, st_off + wordSize);
+  }
+}
+
+// Push a new frame and save argument registers.
+void RegisterSaver::push_frame_and_save_argument_registers(MacroAssembler* masm, Register r_temp,
+                                                           int frame_size, int total_args,
+                                                           const VMRegPair* regs) {
+  __ save_return_pc();
+  __ push_frame(frame_size, r_temp);
+  int st_off = frame_size - wordSize;
+  save_or_restore_arg_regs(masm, true, total_args, regs, st_off);
+}
+
+// Restore argument registers and pop frame.
+void RegisterSaver::restore_argument_registers_and_pop_frame(MacroAssembler* masm, int frame_size,
+                                                             int total_args,
+                                                             const VMRegPair* regs) {
+  int st_off = frame_size - wordSize;
+  save_or_restore_arg_regs(masm, false, total_args, regs, st_off);
+  __ pop_frame();
+  __ restore_return_pc();
+}
+
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 void SharedRuntime::save_native_result(MacroAssembler * masm,
                                        BasicType ret_type,
@@ -695,6 +775,9 @@ void SharedRuntime::restore_native_result(MacroAssembler *masm,
 int SharedRuntime::java_calling_convention(const BasicType *sig_bt,
                                            VMRegPair *regs,
                                            int total_args_passed) {
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+    fatal("implement function SharedRuntime::java_calling_convention");
+  }
   // c2c calling conventions for compiled-compiled calls.
 
   // An int/float occupies 1 slot here.
@@ -908,6 +991,362 @@ int SharedRuntime::vector_calling_convention(VMRegPair *regs,
   return 0;
 }
 
+// Patch the callers callsite with entry to compiled code if it exists.
+static void patch_callers_callsite(MacroAssembler *masm, int adapter_size, int total_args_passed, const VMRegPair *regs) {
+  Label L;
+  const Register tmp = Z_R0_scratch;
+
+  __ z_ltg(tmp, Address(Z_method, Method::code_offset()));
+  __ z_bre(L);
+
+  // Patch caller's callsite, method_(code) was not null which means that
+  // compiled code exists.
+
+  RegisterSaver::push_frame_and_save_argument_registers(masm, tmp, adapter_size, total_args_passed, regs);
+
+  __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, SharedRuntime::fixup_callers_callsite), Z_method, Z_R14);
+
+  RegisterSaver::restore_argument_registers_and_pop_frame(masm, adapter_size, total_args_passed, regs);
+
+  __ bind(L);
+}
+
+// For each inline type argument, sig includes the list of fields of
+// the inline type. This utility function computes the number of
+// arguments for the call if inline types are passed by reference (the
+// calling convention the interpreter expects).
+static int compute_total_args_passed_int(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_extended) {
+  int total_args_passed = 0;
+  if (InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs) {
+    assert(false, "untested: compute_total_args_passed_int");
+    for (int i = 0; i < sig_extended->length(); i++) {
+      BasicType bt = sig_extended->at(i)._bt;
+      if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+        // In sig_extended, an inline type argument starts with:
+        // T_METADATA, followed by the types of the fields of the
+        // inline type and T_VOID to mark the end of the value
+        // type. Inline types are flattened so, for instance, in the
+        // case of an inline type with an int field and an inline type
+        // field that itself has 2 fields, an int and a long:
+        // T_METADATA T_INT T_METADATA T_INT T_LONG T_VOID (second
+        // slot for the T_LONG) T_VOID (inner inline type) T_VOID
+        // (outer inline type)
+        total_args_passed++;
+        int vt = 1;
+        do {
+          i++;
+          BasicType bt = sig_extended->at(i)._bt;
+          BasicType prev_bt = sig_extended->at(i-1)._bt;
+          if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+            vt++;
+          } else if (bt == T_VOID &&
+                     prev_bt != T_LONG &&
+                     prev_bt != T_DOUBLE) {
+            vt--;
+          }
+        } while (vt != 0);
+      } else {
+        total_args_passed++;
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    total_args_passed = sig_extended->length();
+  }
+  return total_args_passed;
+}
+
+static void gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
+                            const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig_extended,
+                            const VMRegPair *regs,
+                            bool requires_clinit_barrier,
+                            address& c2i_no_clinit_check_entry,
+                            Label& skip_fixup,
+                            address start,
+                            OopMapSet* oop_maps,
+                            int& frame_complete,
+                            int& frame_size_in_words,
+                            bool alloc_inline_receiver) {
+
+  if (requires_clinit_barrier) {
+    assert(VM_Version::supports_fast_class_init_checks(), "sanity");
+    Label L_skip_barrier;
+
+    // Bypass the barrier for non-static methods
+    {
+      Register flags = Z_R0_scratch;
+      __ z_llgh(flags, Address(Z_method, Method::access_flags_offset()));
+      __ z_tmll(flags, JVM_ACC_STATIC);
+      __ z_brc(Assembler::bcondZero, L_skip_barrier); // non-static
+    }
+
+    Register klass = Z_R1_scratch;
+    __ load_method_holder(klass, Z_method);
+    __ clinit_barrier(klass, Z_thread, &L_skip_barrier);
+    __ load_const_optimized(klass, SharedRuntime::get_handle_wrong_method_stub());
+    __ z_br(klass);
+
+    __ bind(L_skip_barrier);
+    c2i_no_clinit_check_entry = __ pc();
+  }
+
+  BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
+  bs->c2i_entry_barrier(masm, Z_R11, Z_R12, Z_R13);
+
+  // Since all args are passed on the stack, total_args_passed *
+  // Interpreter::stackElementSize is the space we need.
+  int total_args_passed = compute_total_args_passed_int(sig_extended);
+  assert(total_args_passed >= 0, "total_args_passed is %d", total_args_passed);
+
+  // Adapter needs some stack space
+  const int adapter_size = frame::z_top_ijava_frame_abi_size +
+                           align_up(total_args_passed * wordSize, frame::alignment_in_bytes);
+
+  // Before we get into the guts of the C2I adapter, see if we should be here
+  // at all.  We've come from compiled code and are attempting to jump to the
+  // interpreter, which means the caller made a static call to get here
+  // (vcalls always get a compiled target if there is one).  Check for a
+  // compiled target.  If there is one, we need to patch the caller's call.
+  patch_callers_callsite(masm, adapter_size, total_args_passed, regs);
+
+  __ bind(skip_fixup);
+
+  // Name some registers to be used in the following code
+  Register buf_array = Z_R11;   // Array of buffered inline types
+  Register buf_oop = Z_R12;     // Buffered inline type oop
+  Register tmp1 = Z_R0_scratch;
+  Register tmp2 = Z_R1_scratch;
+
+  if (InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs) {
+    __ untested("InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs sharedRuntime");
+    // Is there an inline type argument?
+    bool has_inline_argument = false;
+    for (int i = 0; i < sig_extended->length() && !has_inline_argument; i++) {
+      has_inline_argument = (sig_extended->at(i)._bt == T_METADATA);
+    }
+    if (has_inline_argument) {
+      // There is at least a value type argument: we're coming from
+      // compiled code so we may not have buffers to back the value
+      // objects. Allocate the buffers here with a runtime call.
+      OopMap* map = RegisterSaver::save_live_registers(masm, RegisterSaver::all_registers);
+
+      frame_complete = __ offset();
+
+      __ set_last_Java_frame(/*sp=*/Z_SP, /*pc=*/noreg);
+
+      __ z_lgr(Z_ARG1, Z_thread);
+      __ z_lgr(Z_ARG2, Z_method);
+      __ load_const_optimized(Z_ARG3, (intptr_t)alloc_inline_receiver);
+      __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, SharedRuntime::allocate_inline_types), Z_ARG1, Z_ARG2, Z_ARG3);
+
+      // TODO: use blob-relative offset, matching the pattern in the rest of
+      // sharedRuntime_s390.cpp ("offset() - start_off")
+      oop_maps->add_gc_map((int)(__ offset() - (start - masm->code()->insts_begin())), map);
+      __ reset_last_Java_frame();
+
+      RegisterSaver::restore_live_registers(masm, RegisterSaver::all_registers);
+
+      Label no_exception;
+      __ load_and_test_long(tmp1, Address(Z_thread, Thread::pending_exception_offset()));
+      __ z_bre(no_exception);
+
+      __ clear_mem(Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::vm_result_oop_offset()), sizeof(oop));
+      __ z_lg(Z_R2, Address(Z_thread, Thread::pending_exception_offset()));
+      __ load_const_optimized(Z_R1_scratch, StubRoutines::forward_exception_entry());
+      __ z_br(Z_R1_scratch);
+
+      __ bind(no_exception);
+
+      // TODO: matching aarch64's get_vm_result_oop(), to prevent the GC from visiting a
+      // stale oop reference in the thread-local slot.
+      __ z_lg(buf_array, Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::vm_result_oop_offset()));
+      __ clear_mem(Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::vm_result_oop_offset()), sizeof(oop));
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Since all args are passed on the stack, total_args_passed*wordSize is the
+  // space we need. We need ABI scratch area but we use the caller's since
+  // it has already been allocated.
+  const int abi_scratch = frame::z_top_ijava_frame_abi_size;
+  int extraspace = align_up(total_args_passed, 2) * wordSize + abi_scratch;
+  Register sender_SP = Z_R10;
+
+  // Remember the senderSP so we can pop the interpreter arguments off of the stack.
+  // In addition, template interpreter expects initial_caller_sp in Z_R10.
+  __ z_lgr(sender_SP, Z_SP);
+
+  // This should always fit in 14 bit immediate.
+  __ resize_frame(-extraspace, Z_R0_scratch);
+
+  int st_off = extraspace - wordSize;
+
+  // Now write the args into the outgoing interpreter space
+  for (int next_arg_comp = 0, ignored = 0, next_vt_arg = 0, next_arg_int = 0;
+       next_arg_comp < sig_extended->length(); next_arg_comp++) {
+    assert(ignored <= next_arg_comp, "shouldn't skip over more slots than there are arguments");
+    assert(next_arg_int <= total_args_passed, "more arguments for the interpreter than expected?");
+    BasicType bt = sig_extended->at(next_arg_comp)._bt;
+
+    if (!InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs || bt != T_METADATA) {
+      const VMRegPair reg_pair = regs[next_arg_comp - ignored];
+
+      VMReg r_1 = reg_pair.first();
+      VMReg r_2 = reg_pair.second();
+
+      if (!r_1->is_valid()) {
+        assert(!r_2->is_valid(), "");
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      if (r_1->is_stack()) {
+        // The calling convention produces OptoRegs that ignore the preserve area (abi scratch).
+        // We must account for it here.
+        int ld_off = (r_1->reg2stack() + SharedRuntime::out_preserve_stack_slots()) * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
+
+        if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
+          __ z_mvc(Address(Z_SP, st_off), Address(sender_SP, ld_off), sizeof(void*));
+        } else {
+          // longs are given 2 64-bit slots in the interpreter,
+          // but the data is passed in only 1 slot.
+          if (bt == T_LONG || bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+#ifdef ASSERT
+            __ clear_mem(Address(Z_SP, st_off), sizeof(void *));
+#endif
+            st_off -= wordSize;
+          }
+          __ z_mvc(Address(Z_SP, st_off), Address(sender_SP, ld_off), sizeof(void*));
+        }
+      } else if (r_1->is_Register()) {
+        Register r = r_1->as_Register();
+        if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
+          __ z_st(r, st_off, Z_SP);
+        } else {
+          // longs are given 2 64-bit slots in the interpreter, but the
+          // data is passed in only 1 slot.
+          if (bt == T_LONG || bt == T_DOUBLE) {
+#ifdef ASSERT
+            __ clear_mem(Address(Z_SP, st_off), sizeof(void *));
+#endif
+            st_off -= wordSize;
+          }
+          __ z_stg(r, st_off, Z_SP);
+        }
+      } else {
+        assert(r_1->is_FloatRegister(), "");
+        if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
+          __ z_ste(r_1->as_FloatRegister(), st_off, Z_SP);
+        } else {
+          // In 64bit, doubles are given 2 64-bit slots in the interpreter, but the
+          // data is passed in only 1 slot.
+          // One of these should get known junk...
+#ifdef ASSERT
+          __ z_lzdr(Z_F1);
+          __ z_std(Z_F1, st_off, Z_SP);
+#endif
+          st_off -= wordSize;
+          __ z_std(r_1->as_FloatRegister(), st_off, Z_SP);
+        }
+      }
+      st_off -= wordSize;
+      next_arg_int++;
+    } else {
+      // Handle inline type arguments
+      ignored++;
+      next_arg_int++;
+      int vt = 1;
+      Label L_null;
+      Label not_null_buffer;
+
+      do {
+        next_arg_comp++;
+        BasicType bt = sig_extended->at(next_arg_comp)._bt;
+        BasicType prev_bt = sig_extended->at(next_arg_comp - 1)._bt;
+
+        if (bt == T_METADATA) {
+          vt++;
+          ignored++;
+        } else if (bt == T_VOID && prev_bt != T_LONG && prev_bt != T_DOUBLE) {
+          vt--;
+          ignored++;
+        } else if (sig_extended->at(next_arg_comp)._vt_oop) {
+          VMReg buffer = regs[next_arg_comp - ignored].first();
+          if (buffer->is_stack()) {
+            int ld_off = (buffer->reg2stack() + SharedRuntime::out_preserve_stack_slots()) * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
+            __ z_lg(buf_oop, Address(sender_SP, ld_off));
+          } else {
+            __ z_lgr(buf_oop, buffer->as_Register());
+          }
+          __ compare64_and_branch(buf_oop, (intptr_t)0, Assembler::bcondNotEqual, not_null_buffer);
+
+          // Get buffer from allocated pool
+          int index = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT) + next_vt_arg * type2aelembytes(T_OBJECT);
+          __ z_lg(buf_oop, Address(buf_array, index));
+          next_vt_arg++;
+        } else {
+          int off = sig_extended->at(next_arg_comp)._offset;
+          if (off == -1) {
+            // Nullable inline type argument
+            VMReg reg = regs[next_arg_comp - ignored].first();
+            Label L_notNull;
+            if (reg->is_stack()) {
+              int ld_off = (reg->reg2stack() + SharedRuntime::out_preserve_stack_slots()) * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
+              __ z_llgc(tmp1, Address(sender_SP, ld_off));
+              __ compare64_and_branch(tmp1, (intptr_t)0, Assembler::bcondNotEqual, L_notNull);
+            } else {
+              __ compare64_and_branch(reg->as_Register(), (intptr_t)0, Assembler::bcondNotEqual, L_notNull);
+            }
+            __ clear_mem(Address(Z_SP, st_off), sizeof(oop));
+            __ z_bru(L_null);
+            __ bind(L_notNull);
+            continue;
+          }
+          assert(off > 0, "offset in object should be positive");
+
+          // Copy field from buffer to stack
+          VMReg r_1 = regs[next_arg_comp - ignored].first();
+          VMReg r_2 = regs[next_arg_comp - ignored].second();
+
+          if (r_1->is_stack()) {
+            int ld_off = (r_1->reg2stack() + SharedRuntime::out_preserve_stack_slots()) * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
+            if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
+              __ z_lgf(tmp1, Address(sender_SP, ld_off));
+              __ z_st(tmp1, Address(buf_oop, off));
+            } else {
+              __ z_lg(tmp1, Address(sender_SP, ld_off));
+              __ z_stg(tmp1, Address(buf_oop, off));
+            }
+          } else if (r_1->is_Register()) {
+            Register r = r_1->as_Register();
+            if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
+              __ z_st(r, Address(buf_oop, off));
+            } else {
+              __ z_stg(r, Address(buf_oop, off));
+            }
+          } else {
+            if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
+              __ z_ste(r_1->as_FloatRegister(), Address(buf_oop, off));
+            } else {
+              __ z_std(r_1->as_FloatRegister(), Address(buf_oop, off));
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      } while (vt != 0);
+
+      // Pass the buffer to the interpreter
+      __ bind(not_null_buffer);
+      __ z_stg(buf_oop, Address(Z_SP, st_off));
+      __ bind(L_null);
+      st_off -= wordSize;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Jump to the interpreter just as if interpreter was doing it.
+  __ add2reg(Z_esp, st_off, Z_SP);
+
+  // Frame_manager expects initial_caller_sp (= SP without resize by c2i) in Z_R10.
+  __ z_lg(Z_R1_scratch, Address(Z_method, Method::interpreter_entry_offset()));
+  __ z_br(Z_R1_scratch);
+}
+
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 //
 //  Argument shufflers
@@ -955,6 +1394,9 @@ static void gen_special_dispatch(MacroAssembler *masm,
                                  vmIntrinsics::ID special_dispatch,
                                  const BasicType *sig_bt,
                                  const VMRegPair *regs) {
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+    __ stop("implement function gen_special_dispatch");
+  }
   verify_oop_args(masm, total_args_passed, sig_bt, regs);
 
   // Now write the args into the outgoing interpreter space.
@@ -2553,148 +2995,6 @@ nmethod *SharedRuntime::generate_native_wrapper(MacroAssembler *masm,
   return nm;
 }
 
-static address gen_c2i_adapter(MacroAssembler  *masm,
-                               int comp_args_on_stack,
-                               const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig,
-                               const VMRegPair *regs,
-                               Label &skip_fixup) {
-  // Before we get into the guts of the C2I adapter, see if we should be here
-  // at all. We've come from compiled code and are attempting to jump to the
-  // interpreter, which means the caller made a static call to get here
-  // (vcalls always get a compiled target if there is one). Check for a
-  // compiled target. If there is one, we need to patch the caller's call.
-
-  // These two defs MUST MATCH code in gen_i2c2i_adapter!
-  const Register ientry = Z_R11;
-  const Register code   = Z_R11;
-
-  address c2i_entrypoint;
-  Label   patch_callsite;
-
-  // Regular (verified) c2i entry point.
-  c2i_entrypoint = __ pc();
-
-  // Call patching needed?
-  __ load_and_test_long(Z_R0_scratch, method_(code));
-  __ z_lg(ientry, method_(interpreter_entry));  // Preload interpreter entry (also if patching).
-  __ z_brne(patch_callsite);                    // Patch required if code isn't null (compiled target exists).
-
-  __ bind(skip_fixup);  // Return point from patch_callsite.
-
-  // Since all args are passed on the stack, total_args_passed*wordSize is the
-  // space we need. We need ABI scratch area but we use the caller's since
-  // it has already been allocated.
-  int       total_args_passed = sig->length();
-  const int abi_scratch = frame::z_top_ijava_frame_abi_size;
-  int       extraspace  = align_up(total_args_passed, 2)*wordSize + abi_scratch;
-  Register  sender_SP   = Z_R10;
-  Register  value       = Z_R12;
-
-  // Remember the senderSP so we can pop the interpreter arguments off of the stack.
-  // In addition, template interpreter expects initial_caller_sp in Z_R10.
-  __ z_lgr(sender_SP, Z_SP);
-
-  // This should always fit in 14 bit immediate.
-  __ resize_frame(-extraspace, Z_R0_scratch);
-
-  // We use the caller's ABI scratch area (out_preserved_stack_slots) for the initial
-  // args. This essentially moves the callers ABI scratch area from the top to the
-  // bottom of the arg area.
-
-  int st_off =  extraspace - wordSize;
-
-  // Now write the args into the outgoing interpreter space.
-  for (int i = 0; i < total_args_passed; i++) {
-    BasicType bt = sig->at(i)._bt;
-
-    VMReg r_1 = regs[i].first();
-    VMReg r_2 = regs[i].second();
-    if (!r_1->is_valid()) {
-      assert(!r_2->is_valid(), "");
-      continue;
-    }
-    if (r_1->is_stack()) {
-      // The calling convention produces OptoRegs that ignore the preserve area (abi scratch).
-      // We must account for it here.
-      int ld_off = (r_1->reg2stack() + SharedRuntime::out_preserve_stack_slots()) * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
-
-      if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
-        __ z_mvc(Address(Z_SP, st_off), Address(sender_SP, ld_off), sizeof(void*));
-      } else {
-        // longs are given 2 64-bit slots in the interpreter,
-        // but the data is passed in only 1 slot.
-        if (bt == T_LONG || bt == T_DOUBLE) {
-#ifdef ASSERT
-          __ clear_mem(Address(Z_SP, st_off), sizeof(void *));
-#endif
-          st_off -= wordSize;
-        }
-        __ z_mvc(Address(Z_SP, st_off), Address(sender_SP, ld_off), sizeof(void*));
-      }
-    } else {
-      if (r_1->is_Register()) {
-        if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
-          __ z_st(r_1->as_Register(), st_off, Z_SP);
-        } else {
-          // longs are given 2 64-bit slots in the interpreter, but the
-          // data is passed in only 1 slot.
-          if (bt == T_LONG || bt == T_DOUBLE) {
-#ifdef ASSERT
-            __ clear_mem(Address(Z_SP, st_off), sizeof(void *));
-#endif
-            st_off -= wordSize;
-          }
-          __ z_stg(r_1->as_Register(), st_off, Z_SP);
-        }
-      } else {
-        assert(r_1->is_FloatRegister(), "");
-        if (!r_2->is_valid()) {
-          __ z_ste(r_1->as_FloatRegister(), st_off, Z_SP);
-        } else {
-          // In 64bit, doubles are given 2 64-bit slots in the interpreter, but the
-          // data is passed in only 1 slot.
-          // One of these should get known junk...
-#ifdef ASSERT
-          __ z_lzdr(Z_F1);
-          __ z_std(Z_F1, st_off, Z_SP);
-#endif
-          st_off-=wordSize;
-          __ z_std(r_1->as_FloatRegister(), st_off, Z_SP);
-        }
-      }
-    }
-    st_off -= wordSize;
-  }
-
-
-  // Jump to the interpreter just as if interpreter was doing it.
-  __ add2reg(Z_esp, st_off, Z_SP);
-
-  // Frame_manager expects initial_caller_sp (= SP without resize by c2i) in Z_R10.
-  __ z_br(ientry);
-
-
-  // Prevent illegal entry to out-of-line code.
-  __ z_illtrap(0x22);
-
-  // Generate out-of-line runtime call to patch caller,
-  // then continue as interpreted.
-
-  // IF you lose the race you go interpreted.
-  // We don't see any possible endless c2i -> i2c -> c2i ...
-  // transitions no matter how rare.
-  __ bind(patch_callsite);
-
-  RegisterSaver::save_live_registers(masm, RegisterSaver::arg_registers);
-  __ call_VM_leaf(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, SharedRuntime::fixup_callers_callsite), Z_method, Z_R14);
-  RegisterSaver::restore_live_registers(masm, RegisterSaver::arg_registers);
-  __ z_bru(skip_fixup);
-
-  // end of out-of-line code
-
-  return c2i_entrypoint;
-}
-
 // On entry, the following registers are set
 //
 //    Z_thread  r8  - JavaThread*
@@ -2792,7 +3092,12 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
 
   // Jump to the compiled code just as if compiled code was doing it.
   // load target address from method:
-  __ z_lg(Z_R1_scratch, Address(Z_method, Method::from_compiled_offset()));
+  if (InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs) {
+    fatal("implement function SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter");
+    __ z_lg(Z_R1_scratch, Address(Z_method, Method::from_compiled_inline_offset()));
+  } else {
+    __ z_lg(Z_R1_scratch, Address(Z_method, Method::from_compiled_offset()));
+  }
 
   // Store method into thread->callee_target.
   // 6243940: We might end up in handle_wrong_method if
@@ -2809,6 +3114,26 @@ void SharedRuntime::gen_i2c_adapter(MacroAssembler *masm,
   __ z_br(Z_R1_scratch);
 }
 
+static void gen_inline_cache_check(MacroAssembler *masm, Label& skip_fixup) {
+  Register data = Z_inline_cache;  // Z_R9 contains the CompiledICData pointer
+
+  // Perform the inline cache check
+  __ ic_check(CodeEntryAlignment);
+
+  // Load the speculated method from CompiledICData
+  __ z_lg(Z_method, Address(data, CompiledICData::speculated_method_offset()));
+
+  // Method might have been compiled since the call site was patched to
+  // interpreted; if that is the case treat it as a miss so we can get
+  // the call site corrected.
+  __ z_ltg(Z_R0_scratch, Address(Z_method, Method::code_offset()));
+  __ z_bre(skip_fixup);
+
+  // Jump to IC miss handler
+  __ load_const(Z_R1_scratch, AddressLiteral(SharedRuntime::get_ic_miss_stub()));
+  __ z_br(Z_R1_scratch);
+}
+
 void SharedRuntime::generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler* masm,
                                             int comp_args_on_stack,
                                             const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig,
@@ -2820,55 +3145,70 @@ void SharedRuntime::generate_i2c2i_adapters(MacroAssembler* masm,
                                             address entry_address[AdapterBlob::ENTRY_COUNT],
                                             AdapterBlob*& new_adapter,
                                             bool allocate_code_blob) {
-  __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
+
   entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C] = __ pc();
   gen_i2c_adapter(masm, comp_args_on_stack, sig, regs);
 
-  Label skip_fixup;
-  {
-    Label ic_miss;
-
-    // Out-of-line call to ic_miss handler.
-    __ call_ic_miss_handler(ic_miss, 0x11, 0, Z_R1_scratch);
-
-    // Unverified Entry Point UEP
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
-    entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified] = __ pc();
+  // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Generate a C2I adapter.  On entry we know Z_method holds the Method* during calls
+  // to the interpreter.  The args start out packed in the compiled layout.  They
+  // need to be unpacked into the interpreter layout.  This will almost always
+  // require some stack space.  We grow the current (compiled) stack, then repack
+  // the args.  We  finally end in a jump to the generic interpreter entry point.
+  // On exit from the interpreter, the interpreter will restore our SP (lest the
+  // compiled code, which relies solely on SP and not FP, get sick).
 
-    __ ic_check(2);
-    __ z_lg(Z_method, Address(Z_inline_cache, CompiledICData::speculated_method_offset()));
-    // This def MUST MATCH code in gen_c2i_adapter!
-    const Register code = Z_R11;
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified] = __ pc();
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified_Inline] = __ pc();
 
-    __ load_and_test_long(Z_R0, method_(code));
-    __ z_brne(ic_miss);  // Cache miss: call runtime to handle this.
+  Label skip_fixup;
 
-    // Fallthru to VEP. Duplicate LTG, but saved taken branch.
-  }
+  gen_inline_cache_check(masm, skip_fixup);
 
-  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I] = __ pc();
+  OopMapSet* oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
+  int frame_complete = CodeOffsets::frame_never_safe;
+  int frame_size_in_words = 0;
 
-  // Class initialization barrier for static methods
+  // Scalarized c2i adapter with non-scalarized receiver (i.e., don't pack receiver)
   entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check] = nullptr;
-  assert(VM_Version::supports_fast_class_init_checks(), "sanity");
-  Label L_skip_barrier;
-
-  // Bypass the barrier for non-static methods
-  __ testbit_ushort(Address(Z_method, Method::access_flags_offset()), JVM_ACC_STATIC_BIT);
-  __ z_bfalse(L_skip_barrier); // non-static
-
-  Register klass = Z_R11;
-  __ load_method_holder(klass, Z_method);
-  __ clinit_barrier(klass, Z_thread, &L_skip_barrier /*L_fast_path*/);
-
-  __ load_const_optimized(klass, SharedRuntime::get_handle_wrong_method_stub());
-  __ z_br(klass);
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Inline_RO] = __ pc();
+
+  if (regs_cc != regs_cc_ro) {
+    __ unimplemented("C2I_Inline_RO");
+    // No class init barrier needed because method is guaranteed to be non-static
+    gen_c2i_adapter(masm, sig_cc_ro, regs_cc_ro, /* requires_clinit_barrier = */ false, entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check],
+        skip_fixup, entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C], oop_maps, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, /* alloc_inline_receiver = */ false);
+    skip_fixup.reset();
+  }
 
-  __ bind(L_skip_barrier);
-  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check] = __ pc();
+  // Scalarized c2i adapter
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I]        = __ pc();
+  entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Inline] = __ pc();
+  gen_c2i_adapter(masm, sig_cc, regs_cc, /* requires_clinit_barrier = */ true, entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check],
+                  skip_fixup, entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C], oop_maps, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, /* alloc_inline_receiver = */ true);
+
+  // Non-scalarized c2i adapter
+  if (regs != regs_cc) {
+    entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Unverified_Inline] = __ pc();
+    Label inline_entry_skip_fixup;
+    __ unimplemented("C2I_Unverified_Inline");
+    gen_inline_cache_check(masm, inline_entry_skip_fixup);
+
+    entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_Inline] = __ pc();
+    __ unimplemented("C2I_Inline2");
+    gen_c2i_adapter(masm, sig, regs, /* requires_clinit_barrier = */ true, entry_address[AdapterBlob::C2I_No_Clinit_Check],
+                    inline_entry_skip_fixup, entry_address[AdapterBlob::I2C], oop_maps, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, /* alloc_inline_receiver = */ false);
+  }
 
-  gen_c2i_adapter(masm, comp_args_on_stack, sig, regs, skip_fixup);
-  return;
+  // The c2i adapters might safepoint and trigger a GC. The caller must make sure that
+  // the GC knows about the location of oop argument locations passed to the c2i adapter.
+  if (allocate_code_blob) {
+    bool caller_must_gc_arguments = (regs != regs_cc);
+    int entry_offset[AdapterHandlerEntry::ENTRIES_COUNT];
+    assert(AdapterHandlerEntry::ENTRIES_COUNT == 7, "sanity");
+    AdapterHandlerLibrary::address_to_offset(entry_address, entry_offset);
+    new_adapter = AdapterBlob::create(masm->code(), entry_offset, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, oop_maps, caller_must_gc_arguments);
+  }
 }
 
 // This function returns the adjust size (in number of words) to a c2i adapter
@@ -3956,8 +4296,77 @@ const uint SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_int = Argument::n_int_regis
 const uint SharedRuntime::java_return_convention_max_float = Argument::n_float_register_parameters_j;
 
 int SharedRuntime::java_return_convention(const BasicType *sig_bt, VMRegPair *regs, int total_args_passed) {
-  Unimplemented();
-  return 0;
+  // Map return value fields to registers using the same register set as
+  // java_calling_convention.  On s390, Z_R2 (Z_ARG1) is the primary integer
+  // return register and Z_F0 (Z_FARG1) is the primary float return register,
+  // so forward ordering naturally puts the first return slot in the return reg.
+  static const Register INT_ArgReg[java_return_convention_max_int] = {
+    Z_ARG1, Z_ARG2, Z_ARG3, Z_ARG4, Z_ARG5  // Z_R2 .. Z_R6
+  };
+  static const FloatRegister FP_ArgReg[java_return_convention_max_float] = {
+    Z_FARG1, Z_FARG2, Z_FARG3, Z_FARG4       // Z_F0, Z_F2, Z_F4, Z_F6
+  };
+
+  uint int_args = 0;
+  uint fp_args  = 0;
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < total_args_passed; i++) {
+    switch (sig_bt[i]) {
+    case T_BOOLEAN:
+    case T_CHAR:
+    case T_BYTE:
+    case T_SHORT:
+    case T_INT:
+      if (int_args < java_return_convention_max_int) {
+        regs[i].set1(INT_ArgReg[int_args]->as_VMReg());
+        int_args++;
+      } else {
+        return -1;
+      }
+      break;
+    case T_VOID:
+      // Second half of T_LONG or T_DOUBLE.
+      assert(i != 0 && (sig_bt[i - 1] == T_LONG || sig_bt[i - 1] == T_DOUBLE), "expecting half");
+      regs[i].set_bad();
+      break;
+    case T_LONG:
+      assert((i + 1) < total_args_passed && sig_bt[i + 1] == T_VOID, "expecting half");
+      // fall through
+    case T_OBJECT:
+    case T_ARRAY:
+    case T_ADDRESS:
+    case T_METADATA:
+      if (int_args < java_return_convention_max_int) {
+        regs[i].set2(INT_ArgReg[int_args]->as_VMReg());
+        int_args++;
+      } else {
+        return -1;
+      }
+      break;
+    case T_FLOAT:
+      if (fp_args < java_return_convention_max_float) {
+        regs[i].set1(FP_ArgReg[fp_args]->as_VMReg());
+        fp_args++;
+      } else {
+        return -1;
+      }
+      break;
+    case T_DOUBLE:
+      assert((i + 1) < total_args_passed && sig_bt[i + 1] == T_VOID, "expecting half");
+      if (fp_args < java_return_convention_max_float) {
+        regs[i].set2(FP_ArgReg[fp_args]->as_VMReg());
+        fp_args++;
+      } else {
+        return -1;
+      }
+      break;
+    default:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return int_args + fp_args;
 }
 
 BufferedInlineTypeBlob* SharedRuntime::generate_buffered_inline_type_adapter(const InlineKlass* vk) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stackChunkFrameStream_s390.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stackChunkFrameStream_s390.inline.hpp
index 3a5b860b7a7..c07b6f5bdb4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stackChunkFrameStream_s390.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stackChunkFrameStream_s390.inline.hpp
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ template <ChunkFrames frame_kind>
 inline bool StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::is_in_frame(void* p0) const {
   assert(!is_done(), "");
   assert(is_compiled(), "");
+  assert(!_cb->as_nmethod()->needs_stack_repair(), "unsupported");
   intptr_t* p = (intptr_t*)p0;
   int argsize = (_cb->as_nmethod()->num_stack_arg_slots() * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size) >> LogBytesPerWord;
   int frame_size = _cb->frame_size() + (argsize > 0 ? argsize + frame::metadata_words_at_top : 0);
@@ -47,9 +48,7 @@ inline frame StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::to_frame() const {
   if (is_done()) {
     return frame(_sp, _sp, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, true);
   } else {
-    // Compiled frames on heap don't have back links on s390. The back link is redundant
-    // and gets computed as unextended_sp + frame_size. In debug builds, FreezeBase::patch_pd()
-    // explicitly sets it to badAddress.
+    // Compiled frames on heap don't have back links. See FreezeBase::patch_pd() and frame::setup().
     return frame(sp(), unextended_sp(), Interpreter::contains(pc()) ? fp() : nullptr, pc(), cb(), _oopmap, true);
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stubGenerator_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stubGenerator_s390.cpp
index 381d1c02277..ee0e4004ba6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stubGenerator_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/stubGenerator_s390.cpp
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "interpreter/interp_masm.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "nativeInst_s390.hpp"
+#include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceOop.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
@@ -125,6 +126,10 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
     address start = __ pc();
 
+    if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+      __ stop("fix T_OBJECT");
+    }
+
     Register r_arg_call_wrapper_addr   = Z_ARG1;
     Register r_arg_result_addr         = Z_ARG2;
     Register r_arg_result_type         = Z_ARG3;
@@ -446,8 +451,18 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
         __ z_stg(Z_RET, 0, r_arg_result_addr);
         __ z_br(Z_R14); // Return to caller.
         __ align(handlerLen);
+      // T_FLAT_ELEMENT:
+        guarantee(T_FLAT_ELEMENT == T_VOID + 1, "check BasicType definition in globalDefinitions.hpp");
+        // never reachable, see SignatureIterator::fp_is_valid_type in signature.cpp, it only accepts
+        // is_java_primitive || is_reference_type || T_VOID.
+        // T_FLAT_ELEMENT fails all three, so no method's stored result type can ever be T_FLAT_ELEMENT.
+        __ z_illtrap(0xde);  // pattern: 0x00de00ad
+        __ z_illtrap(0xad);
+        __ z_illtrap(0xbe);
+        __ z_illtrap(0xef);
+        __ align(handlerLen);
       // T_ADDRESS:
-        guarantee(T_ADDRESS == T_VOID+1, "check BasicType definition in globalDefinitions.hpp");
+        guarantee(T_ADDRESS == T_FLAT_ELEMENT+1, "check BasicType definition in globalDefinitions.hpp");
         __ z_stg(Z_RET, 0, r_arg_result_addr);
         __ z_br(Z_R14); // Return to caller.
         __ align(handlerLen);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateTable_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateTable_s390.cpp
index 1db9c54aef5..556271b6a71 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateTable_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateTable_s390.cpp
@@ -237,6 +237,7 @@ void TemplateTable::patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::Code bc,
   BLOCK_COMMENT("patch_bytecode {");
 
   switch (bc) {
+    case Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield:
     case Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield:
     case Bytecodes::_fast_bputfield:
     case Bytecodes::_fast_zputfield:
@@ -864,10 +865,17 @@ void TemplateTable::aaload() {
   // Index is in Z_tos.
   Register index = Z_tos;
   index_check(Z_tmp_1, index, shift);
-  // Now load array element.
-  do_oop_load(_masm, Address(Z_tmp_1, index, arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT)), Z_tos,
-              Z_tmp_2, Z_tmp_3, IS_ARRAY);
-  __ verify_oop(Z_tos);
+  __ profile_array_type<ArrayLoadData>(/*array=*/Z_tmp_1, Z_tmp_2, Z_ARG2);
+
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+    __ stop("implement function TemplateTable::aaload");
+  } else {
+    // Now load array element.
+    do_oop_load(_masm, Address(Z_tmp_1, index, arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT)), Z_tos,
+                Z_tmp_2, Z_tmp_3, IS_ARRAY);
+    __ verify_oop(Z_tos);
+  }
+  __ profile_element_type(Z_tos, Z_tmp_1, Z_tmp_2);
 }
 
 void TemplateTable::baload() {
@@ -1161,11 +1169,10 @@ void TemplateTable::dastore() {
 }
 
 void TemplateTable::aastore() {
-  NearLabel is_null, ok_is_subtype, done;
+  NearLabel is_null, is_flat_array, ok_is_subtype, done;
   transition(vtos, vtos);
 
   // stack: ..., array, index, value
-
   Register Rvalue = Z_tos;
   Register Rarray = Z_ARG2;
   Register Rindex = Z_ARG3; // Convention for index_check().
@@ -1177,24 +1184,44 @@ void TemplateTable::aastore() {
   unsigned const int shift = LogBytesPerHeapOop;
   index_check(Rarray, Rindex, shift); // side effect: Rindex = Rindex << shift
   Register Rstore_addr  = Rindex;
-  // Address where the store goes to, i.e. &(Rarry[index])
+  // Address where the store goes to, i.e. &(Rarray[index])
   __ load_address(Rstore_addr, Address(Rarray, Rindex, arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_OBJECT)));
 
+  Register Rscratch = Z_tmp_1;
+  Register Rscratch2 = Z_tmp_2;
+  Register Rarray_klass = Z_ARG4;
+
+  __ profile_array_type<ArrayStoreData>(Rarray, Rscratch, Rscratch2);
+  __ profile_multiple_element_types(Z_tos, Rscratch, Rscratch2, Rarray_klass);
+
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+    __ load_klass(Rarray_klass, Rarray);
+    __ z_l(Rscratch, Address(Rarray_klass, Klass::layout_helper_offset()));
+    __ test_flat_array_layout(Rscratch, is_flat_array);
+  }
+
   // do array store check - check for null value first.
   __ compareU64_and_branch(Rvalue, (intptr_t)0, Assembler::bcondEqual, is_null);
 
-  Register Rsub_klass   = Z_ARG4;
-  Register Rsuper_klass = Z_ARG5;
+  // Rindex is dead after this point
+  Register Rscratch3 = Rindex;
+
+  if (!UseArrayFlattening) {
+    __ load_klass(Rarray_klass, Rarray); // haven't done this above
+  }
+
+  Register Rsub_klass   = Z_ARG5;
+  Register Rsuper_klass = Rarray_klass; // Reuse Rarray_klass for superklass
+
   __ load_klass(Rsub_klass, Rvalue);
-  // Load superklass.
-  __ load_klass(Rsuper_klass, Rarray);
+  // Load array element superklass into Rsuper_klass (which is Rarray_klass)
   __ z_lg(Rsuper_klass, Address(Rsuper_klass, ObjArrayKlass::element_klass_offset()));
 
   // Generate a fast subtype check.  Branch to ok_is_subtype if no failure.
   // Throw if failure.
   Register tmp1 = Z_tmp_1;
   Register tmp2 = Z_tmp_2;
-  __ gen_subtype_check(Rsub_klass, Rsuper_klass, tmp1, tmp2, ok_is_subtype);
+  __ gen_subtype_check(Rsub_klass, Rsuper_klass, tmp1, tmp2, ok_is_subtype, false);
 
   // Fall through on failure.
   // Object is in Rvalue == Z_tos.
@@ -1202,17 +1229,34 @@ void TemplateTable::aastore() {
   __ load_absolute_address(tmp1, Interpreter::_throw_ArrayStoreException_entry);
   __ z_br(tmp1);
 
-  Register tmp3 = Rsub_klass;
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+    __ bind(is_flat_array); // Store non-null value to flat
+    __ load_ptr(0, Rvalue);    // value
+    __ z_l(Rindex, Address(Z_esp, Interpreter::expr_offset_in_bytes(1))); // index
+    __ load_ptr(2, Rarray);    // array
+    __ call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::flat_array_store), Rvalue, Rarray, Rindex);
+    __ z_bru(done);
+  }
 
-  // Have a null in Rvalue.
   __ bind(is_null);
-  __ profile_null_seen(tmp1);
+  NearLabel is_null_into_value_array_npe;
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    // No way to store null in a null-free array
+    __ test_null_free_array_oop(Rarray, Rscratch, is_null_into_value_array_npe);
+  }
 
-  // Store a null.
+  // Store a null
+  Register tmp3 = Rsub_klass;
   do_oop_store(_masm, Address(Rstore_addr, (intptr_t)0), noreg,
                tmp3, tmp2, tmp1, IS_ARRAY);
   __ z_bru(done);
 
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    __ bind(is_null_into_value_array_npe);
+    __ load_absolute_address(tmp1, Interpreter::_throw_NullPointerException_entry);
+    __ z_br(tmp1);
+  }
+
   // Come here on success.
   __ bind(ok_is_subtype);
 
@@ -2017,7 +2061,7 @@ void TemplateTable::if_0cmp(Condition cc) {
 
   // Assume branch is more often taken than not (loops use backward branches).
   NearLabel not_taken;
-  __ compare32_and_branch(Z_tos, (intptr_t) 0, j_not(cc), not_taken);
+  __ compare32_and_branch(Z_tos, (intptr_t)0, j_not(cc), not_taken);
   branch(false, false);
   __ bind(not_taken);
   __ profile_not_taken_branch(Z_tos);
@@ -2038,9 +2082,9 @@ void TemplateTable::if_icmp(Condition cc) {
 void TemplateTable::if_nullcmp(Condition cc) {
   transition(atos, vtos);
 
-  // Assume branch is more often taken than not (loops use backward branches) .
+  // Assume branch is more often taken than not (loops use backward branches).
   NearLabel not_taken;
-  __ compare64_and_branch(Z_tos, (intptr_t) 0, j_not(cc), not_taken);
+  __ compare64_and_branch(Z_tos, (intptr_t)0, j_not(cc), not_taken);
   branch(false, false);
   __ bind(not_taken);
   __ profile_not_taken_branch(Z_tos);
@@ -2049,14 +2093,49 @@ void TemplateTable::if_nullcmp(Condition cc) {
 void TemplateTable::if_acmp(Condition cc) {
   transition(atos, vtos);
   // Assume branch is more often taken than not (loops use backward branches).
-  NearLabel not_taken;
-  __ pop_ptr(Z_ARG2);
-  __ verify_oop(Z_ARG2);
-  __ verify_oop(Z_tos);
-  __ compareU64_and_branch(Z_tos, Z_ARG2, j_not(cc), not_taken);
+  Label taken, not_taken;
+  __ pop_ptr(Z_ARG5);
+
+  __ profile_acmp(Z_tmp_1, Z_ARG5, Z_tos, Z_tmp_2);
+
+  if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+    __ compareU64_and_branch(Z_tos, Z_ARG5, Assembler::bcondEqual, (cc == equal) ? taken : not_taken);
+
+    // Use z_ltgr for efficient null checks
+    __ z_ltgr(Z_tos, Z_tos);
+    __ z_brc(Assembler::bcondEqual, (cc == equal) ? not_taken : taken);
+    __ z_ltgr(Z_ARG5, Z_ARG5);
+    __ z_brc(Assembler::bcondEqual, (cc == equal) ? not_taken : taken);
+
+    __ z_llill(Z_ARG3, markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+    __ z_ng(Z_ARG3, Address(Z_tos, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    __ z_ng(Z_ARG3, Address(Z_ARG5, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    __ z_chi(Z_ARG3, markWord::inline_type_pattern);
+    __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondNotEqual, (cc == equal) ? not_taken : taken);
+
+    __ load_metadata(Z_ARG3, Z_tos);
+    __ load_metadata(Z_ARG4, Z_ARG5);
+    __ compareU64_and_branch(Z_ARG3, Z_ARG4, Assembler::bcondNotEqual, (cc == equal) ? not_taken : taken);
+
+    if (cc == equal) {
+      invoke_is_substitutable(Z_tos, Z_ARG5, taken, not_taken);
+    } else {
+      invoke_is_substitutable(Z_tos, Z_ARG5, not_taken, taken);
+    }
+    __ stop("Not reachable");
+  }
+
+  __ compareU64_and_branch(Z_tos, Z_ARG5, j_not(cc), not_taken);
+  __ bind(taken);
   branch(false, false);
   __ bind(not_taken);
-  __ profile_not_taken_branch(Z_ARG3);
+  __ profile_not_taken_branch(Z_tos, true);
+}
+
+void TemplateTable::invoke_is_substitutable(Register aobj, Register bobj, Label& is_subst, Label& not_subst) {
+  __ call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, InterpreterRuntime::is_substitutable), aobj, bobj);
+  __ compareU64_and_branch(Z_RET, (intptr_t)0, Assembler::bcondEqual, not_subst);
+  __ z_bru(is_subst);
 }
 
 void TemplateTable::ret() {
@@ -2622,13 +2701,21 @@ void TemplateTable::getfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
   const Register off           = Z_tmp_2;
   const Register cache         = Z_tmp_1;
   const Register index         = Z_tmp_2;
-  const Register flags         = Z_R1_scratch; // flags are not used in getfield
+  const Register flags         = Z_R1_scratch; // flags are not used in non-atos BTB entries
   const Register br_tab        = Z_R1_scratch;
   const Register tos_state     = Z_ARG4;
   const Register bc_reg        = Z_tmp_1;
   const Register patch_tmp     = Z_ARG4;
   const Register oopLoad_tmp1  = Z_R1_scratch;
   const Register oopLoad_tmp2  = Z_ARG5;
+  // In the Valhalla atosHandler, flags (Z_R1_scratch) and cache (Z_tmp_1) are both
+  // clobbered before we arrive there: Z_R1_scratch by br_tab dispatch and oopLoad_tmp1
+  // uses in every BTB entry; Z_tmp_1 by pop_and_check_object which overwrites cache
+  // with obj.  We reload both via load_field_entry inside atosHandler using Z_ARG4 and
+  // Z_ARG5, which are dead at the point of the z_bru(atosHandler) branch.
+  const Register atos_entry    = Z_ARG5;   // ResolvedFieldEntry* reloaded in atosHandler
+  const Register atos_index    = Z_ARG4;   // scratch for load_field_entry
+  const Register atos_flags    = Z_ARG4;   // reused to hold reloaded flags byte after entry load
 #ifdef ASSERT
   const Register br_tab_temp   = Z_R0_scratch;  // for branch table verification code only
 #endif
@@ -2639,7 +2726,8 @@ void TemplateTable::getfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
   //  cache, index          : short-lived. Their life ends after load_resolved_field_entry.
   //  obj (overwrites cache): long-lived. Used in branch table entries.
   //  off (overwrites index): long-lived. Used in branch table entries.
-  //  flags                 : unused in getfield.
+  //  flags (Z_R1_scratch)  : valid after load_resolved_field_entry but clobbered by
+  //                          br_tab dispatch — not usable in atosHandler. Reload there.
   //  br_tab                : short-lived. Only used to address branch table, and for verification in BTB_BEGIN macro.
   //  tos_state             : short-lived. Only used to index the branch table entry.
   //  bc_reg                : short-lived. Used as work register in patch_bytecode.
@@ -2833,11 +2921,44 @@ void TemplateTable::getfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
                       // to here is compensated for by the fallthru to "Done".
   {
     unsigned int b_off = __ offset();
-    do_oop_load(_masm, field, Z_tos, oopLoad_tmp1, oopLoad_tmp2, IN_HEAP);
-    __ verify_oop(Z_tos);
-    __ push(atos);
-    if (do_rewrite) {
-      patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield, bc_reg, patch_tmp);
+    if (!Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+      do_oop_load(_masm, field, Z_tos, oopLoad_tmp1, oopLoad_tmp2, IN_HEAP);
+      __ verify_oop(Z_tos);
+      __ push(atos);
+      if (do_rewrite) {
+        patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield, bc_reg, patch_tmp);
+      }
+    } else { // Valhalla
+      if (is_static) {
+        __ load_heap_oop(Z_tos, field, oopLoad_tmp1, oopLoad_tmp2);
+        __ push(atos);
+      } else {
+        // Both flags (Z_R1_scratch) and cache (Z_tmp_1 == obj) are clobbered by the
+        // time we reach here.  Reload the ResolvedFieldEntry pointer fresh.
+        // atos_entry (Z_ARG5) and atos_index (Z_ARG4) are dead at this point.
+        __ load_field_entry(atos_entry, atos_index);
+        // Read the 1-byte flags field into atos_flags (Z_ARG4); atos_entry (Z_ARG5)
+        // still holds the ResolvedFieldEntry* for read_flat_field below.
+        __ load_sized_value(atos_flags, Address(atos_entry, in_bytes(ResolvedFieldEntry::flags_offset())), sizeof(u1), false);
+        Label is_flat;
+        __ test_field_is_flat(atos_flags, is_flat);
+        __ load_heap_oop(Z_tos, field, oopLoad_tmp1, oopLoad_tmp2);
+        __ push(atos);
+        if (do_rewrite) {
+          patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield, bc_reg, patch_tmp);
+        }
+        __ z_bru(Done);
+        __ bind(is_flat);
+        // field is flat (null-free or nullable with a null-marker).
+        // atos_entry (Z_ARG5) still holds the ResolvedFieldEntry* here.
+        __ z_lgr(Z_tos, obj);
+        __ read_flat_field(atos_entry, Z_tos);
+        __ verify_oop(Z_tos);
+        __ push(atos);
+        if (do_rewrite) {
+          patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_vgetfield, bc_reg, patch_tmp);
+        }
+      }
     }
     unsigned int e_off = __ offset();
   }
@@ -2953,9 +3074,9 @@ void TemplateTable::putfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
   const Register tos_state     = Z_ARG4;
   const Register bc_reg        = Z_tmp_2;
   const Register patch_tmp     = Z_ARG4;
-  const Register oopStore_tmp1 = Z_R1_scratch;
-  const Register oopStore_tmp2 = Z_ARG5;       // tmp2 must be non-volatile reg
-  const Register oopStore_tmp3 = Z_R0_scratch;
+  const Register oopStore_tmp1 = Z_ARG3;
+  const Register oopStore_tmp2 = Z_R1_scratch;
+  const Register oopStore_tmp3 = Z_ARG2;
 #ifdef ASSERT
   const Register br_tab_temp   = Z_R0_scratch; // for branch table verification code only
 #endif
@@ -2970,7 +3091,7 @@ void TemplateTable::putfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
  *  br_tab                : short-lived, Only used to address branch table, and for verification in BTB_BEGIN macro.
  *  tos_state             : short-live, Only used to index the branch table entry.
  *  bc_reg                : short-lived, Used as work register in patch_bytecode.
-*/
+ */
   resolve_cache_and_index_for_field(byte_no, cache, index);
   jvmti_post_field_mod(cache, index, is_static);
   load_resolved_field_entry(obj, cache, tos_state, off, flags, is_static);
@@ -3185,17 +3306,73 @@ void TemplateTable::putfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
                       // to here is compensated for by the fallthru to "Done".
   {
     unsigned int b_off = __ offset();
-    __ pop(atos);
-    if (!is_static) {
-      pop_and_check_object(obj);
-      __ z_agr(fieldAddr, obj);
-    }
-    // Store into the field
-    do_oop_store(_masm, field, Z_tos,
-                 oopStore_tmp1, oopStore_tmp2, oopStore_tmp3, IN_HEAP);
-    if (do_rewrite) {
-      patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield, bc_reg, patch_tmp, true, byte_no);
-    }
+    if (!Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
+      __ pop(atos);
+      if (!is_static) {
+        pop_and_check_object(obj);
+        __ z_agr(fieldAddr, obj);
+      }
+      // Store into the field
+      do_oop_store(_masm, field, Z_tos,
+                   oopStore_tmp1, oopStore_tmp2, oopStore_tmp3, IN_HEAP);
+      if (do_rewrite) {
+        patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield, bc_reg, patch_tmp, true, byte_no);
+      }
+    } else { // Valhalla
+      __ pop(atos);
+      if (is_static) {
+        Label is_nullable;
+        __ z_tmll(flags, 1 << ResolvedFieldEntry::is_null_free_inline_type_shift);
+        __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondAllZero, is_nullable);
+        __ null_check(Z_tos);  // FIXME JDK-8341120
+        __ bind(is_nullable);
+        // Note: fieldAddr already contains the complete address (obj + offset), look at the start of method
+        do_oop_store(_masm, field, Z_tos,
+                     oopStore_tmp1, oopStore_tmp2, oopStore_tmp3, IN_HEAP);
+      } else {
+        Label null_free_reference, is_flat, rewrite_inline, done_valhalla;
+        __ z_tmll(flags, 1 << ResolvedFieldEntry::is_flat_shift);
+        __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondAllOne, is_flat);
+        __ z_tmll(flags, 1 << ResolvedFieldEntry::is_null_free_inline_type_shift);
+        __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondAllOne, null_free_reference);
+        pop_and_check_object(obj);
+        __ z_agr(fieldAddr, obj);
+        // Store into the field
+        do_oop_store(_masm, field, Z_tos,
+                     oopStore_tmp1, oopStore_tmp2, oopStore_tmp3, IN_HEAP);
+        if (do_rewrite) {
+          patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield, bc_reg, patch_tmp, true, byte_no);
+        }
+        __ z_bru(done_valhalla);
+        // Implementation of the inline type semantic
+        __ bind(null_free_reference);
+        __ null_check(Z_tos);  // FIXME JDK-8341120
+        pop_and_check_object(obj);
+        __ z_agr(fieldAddr, obj);
+        // Store into the field
+        do_oop_store(_masm, field, Z_tos,
+                     oopStore_tmp1, oopStore_tmp2, oopStore_tmp3, IN_HEAP);
+        __ z_bru(rewrite_inline);
+        __ bind(is_flat);
+        pop_and_check_object(oopStore_tmp1);
+        {
+          // cache (Z_ARG5) is dead here — overwritten by load_resolved_field_entry.
+          // tos_state (Z_ARG4) is dead here — its life ended after branch-table dispatch.
+          // Reload the ResolvedFieldEntry pointer into tos_state (Z_ARG4); use
+          // oopStore_tmp2 (Z_R1_scratch) as the index scratch.
+          // Pass oopStore_tmp3 (Z_ARG2) as tmp2 so that flags (Z_tmp_1) is not
+          // clobbered; flags must survive to the volatility check after Done.
+          Register flat_entry = tos_state;
+          Register flat_index = oopStore_tmp2; // Z_R1_scratch (index scratch, discarded after load)
+          __ load_field_entry(flat_entry, flat_index);
+          __ write_flat_field(flat_entry, off, flat_index, oopStore_tmp3, oopStore_tmp1);
+        }__ bind(rewrite_inline);
+        if (do_rewrite) {
+          patch_bytecode(Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield, bc_reg, patch_tmp, true, byte_no);
+        }
+        __ bind(done_valhalla);
+      }
+    } // Valhalla
     // __ z_bru(Done); // fallthru
     unsigned int e_off = __ offset();
   }
@@ -3259,6 +3436,7 @@ void TemplateTable::jvmti_post_fast_field_mod() {
   // to do it for every data type, we use the saved values as the
   // jvalue object.
   switch (bytecode()) {          // Load values into the jvalue object.
+    case Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield: // fall through
     case Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield:
       __ push_ptr(Z_tos);
       break;
@@ -3297,6 +3475,7 @@ void TemplateTable::jvmti_post_fast_field_mod() {
              obj, fieldEntry, value);
 
   switch (bytecode()) {             // Restore tos values.
+    case Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield: // fall through
     case Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield:
       __ pop_ptr(Z_tos);
       break;
@@ -3349,6 +3528,38 @@ void TemplateTable::fast_storefield(TosState state) {
 
   // access field
   switch (bytecode()) {
+    case Bytecodes::_fast_vputfield:
+      {
+        // Register state at this point:
+        //   obj/cache = Z_tmp_1 (R10) = target object  (pop_and_check_object wrote obj here,
+        //                               overwriting the entry pointer that cache held earlier)
+        //   off       = Z_tmp_2 (R11) = field offset
+        //   flags     = Z_ARG5  (R6)  = field flags
+        //   Z_tos     = Z_ARG1  (R2)  = value oop being stored
+        //
+        // For write_flat_field we need the ResolvedFieldEntry pointer.
+        // Re-load it into Z_ARG3 (R4) using Z_ARG4 (R5) as the index scratch;
+        // both are volatile and not carrying live values at this point.
+        Label is_flat, done;
+        __ test_field_is_flat(flags, is_flat);
+        __ null_check(Z_tos);  // Value being stored must not be null for null-free flat field.
+        do_oop_store(_masm, field, Z_tos,
+                     Z_ARG2, Z_ARG3, Z_ARG4, IN_HEAP);
+        __ branch_optimized(Assembler::bcondAlways, done);
+        __ bind(is_flat);
+        {
+          // Reload the ResolvedFieldEntry pointer.  pop_and_check_object above
+          // overwrote cache/Z_tmp_1 with the object.
+          Register flat_entry = Z_ARG4;  // R5  — safe for call_VM arg_3 slot
+          Register flat_index = Z_ARG3;  // R4  — discarded after load_field_entry
+          __ load_field_entry(flat_entry, flat_index);
+          // entry=R5, field_offset=off=R11, tmp1=Z_ARG2=R3, tmp2=flat_index=Z_ARG3=R4, obj=Z_tmp_1=R10
+          // All five are distinct; obj(R10) != Z_tos(R2) so flat_field_copy is safe.
+          __ write_flat_field(flat_entry, off, Z_ARG2, flat_index, obj);
+        }
+        __ bind(done);
+      }
+    break;
     case Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield:
       do_oop_store(_masm, field, Z_tos,
                    Z_ARG2, Z_ARG3, Z_ARG4, IN_HEAP);
@@ -3443,6 +3654,11 @@ void TemplateTable::fast_accessfield(TosState state) {
 
   // access field
   switch (bytecode()) {
+    case Bytecodes::_fast_vgetfield:
+      // field is flat; cache (Z_tmp_1) holds ResolvedFieldEntry*, obj (Z_tos) is receiver/result
+      __ read_flat_field(cache, obj);
+      __ verify_oop(Z_tos);
+      return;
     case Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield:
       do_oop_load(_masm, field, Z_tos, Z_tmp_1, Z_tmp_2, IN_HEAP);
       __ verify_oop(Z_tos);
@@ -3915,7 +4131,6 @@ void TemplateTable::invokedynamic(int byte_no) {
 //    spec jbb2005 shows no measurable performance degradation.
 void TemplateTable::_new() {
   transition(vtos, atos);
-  address prev_instr_address = nullptr;
   Register tags  = Z_tmp_1;
   Register RallocatedObject   = Z_tos;
   Register cpool = Z_ARG2;
@@ -3971,16 +4186,13 @@ void TemplateTable::_new() {
     Register Rzero = Z_R1_scratch;
     __ clear_reg(Rzero, true /*whole reg*/, false); // Load 0L into Rzero. Don't set CC.
 
-    if (!ZeroTLAB) {
+   if (!ZeroTLAB) {
       // The object is initialized before the header. If the object size is
       // zero, go directly to the header initialization.
-      if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
-        assert(is_aligned(oopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(), BytesPerLong), "oop base offset must be 8-byte-aligned");
-        __ z_aghi(Rsize, (int)-oopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes());
-      } else {
-        __ z_aghi(Rsize, (int)-sizeof(oopDesc)); // Subtract header size, set CC.
-      }
-      __ z_bre(initialize_header);             // Jump if size of fields is zero.
+      int header_size = oopDesc::header_size() * HeapWordSize;
+      assert(is_aligned(header_size, BytesPerLong), "oop header size must be 8-byte-aligned");
+      __ z_aghi(Rsize, -header_size); // Subtract header size, set CC.
+      __ z_bre(initialize_header);    // Jump if size of fields is zero.
 
       // Initialize object fields.
       // See documentation for MVCLE instruction!!!
@@ -3991,22 +4203,20 @@ void TemplateTable::_new() {
 
       // Set Rzero to 0 and use it as src length, then mvcle will copy nothing
       // and fill the object with the padding value 0.
-      if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
-        __ add2reg(RobjectFields, oopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(), RallocatedObject);
-      } else {
-        __ add2reg(RobjectFields, sizeof(oopDesc), RallocatedObject);
-      }
+      __ add2reg(RobjectFields, header_size, RallocatedObject);
       __ move_long_ext(RobjectFields, as_Register(Rzero->encoding() - 1), 0);
     }
 
     // Initialize object header only.
     __ bind(initialize_header);
-    if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
+    if (UseCompactObjectHeaders || Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
       __ z_lg(tmp, Address(iklass, in_bytes(Klass::prototype_header_offset())));
       __ z_stg(tmp, Address(RallocatedObject, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
     } else {
       __ store_const(Address(RallocatedObject, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()),
                      (long) markWord::prototype().value());
+    }
+    if (!UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
       __ store_klass_gap(Rzero, RallocatedObject);  // Zero klass gap for compressed oops.
       __ store_klass(iklass, RallocatedObject);     // Store klass last.
     }
@@ -4120,13 +4330,12 @@ void TemplateTable::checkcast() {
 
   __ z_lgr(Z_tos, receiver); // Restore object.
 
+  __ z_bru(done);
+  __ bind(is_null);
+
   // Collect counts on whether this test sees nulls a lot or not.
   if (ProfileInterpreter) {
-    __ z_bru(done);
-    __ bind(is_null);
     __ profile_null_seen(Z_tmp_1);
-  } else {
-    __ bind(is_null);   // Same as 'done'.
   }
 
   __ bind(done);
@@ -4279,6 +4488,11 @@ void TemplateTable::monitorenter() {
 
   // Check for null object.
   __ null_check(Z_tos);
+
+  // Check for inline type (Valhalla feature)
+  NearLabel is_inline_type;
+  __ z_lg(Z_R1_scratch, Address(Z_tos, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+  __ test_markword_is_inline_type(Z_R1_scratch, is_inline_type);
   const int entry_size = frame::interpreter_frame_monitor_size_in_bytes();
   NearLabel allocated;
   // Initialize entry pointer.
@@ -4357,6 +4571,12 @@ void TemplateTable::monitorenter() {
   // next instruction.
   __ dispatch_next(vtos);
 
+  // Handle inline type exception (Valhalla feature)
+  __ bind(is_inline_type);
+  __ call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address,
+                    InterpreterRuntime::throw_identity_exception), Z_tos);
+  __ should_not_reach_here();
+
   BLOCK_COMMENT("} monitorenter");
 }
 
@@ -4369,6 +4589,17 @@ void TemplateTable::monitorexit() {
   // Check for null object.
   __ null_check(Z_tos);
 
+  // Check for inline type (Valhalla feature)
+  NearLabel is_inline_type, has_identity;
+  __ z_lg(Z_R1_scratch, Address(Z_tos, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+  __ test_markword_is_inline_type(Z_R1_scratch, is_inline_type);
+  __ z_bru(has_identity);
+  __ bind(is_inline_type);
+  __ call_VM(noreg, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address,
+                     InterpreterRuntime::throw_illegal_monitor_state_exception));
+  __ should_not_reach_here();
+  __ bind(has_identity);
+
   NearLabel found, not_found;
   const Register Rcurr_monitor = Z_ARG2;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateTable_s390.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateTable_s390.hpp
index fab43154845..fa874e8ef7f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateTable_s390.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateTable_s390.hpp
@@ -34,4 +34,6 @@
   static void index_check(Register array, Register index, unsigned int shift);
   static void index_check_without_pop(Register array, Register index);
 
+  static void invoke_is_substitutable(Register aobj, Register bobj, Label& is_subst, Label& not_subst);
+
 #endif // CPU_S390_TEMPLATETABLE_S390_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/vm_version_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/vm_version_s390.cpp
index c3f981f159a..95ca00d4d1a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/vm_version_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/vm_version_s390.cpp
@@ -328,6 +328,34 @@ void VM_Version::initialize() {
   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseUnalignedAccesses)) {
     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseUnalignedAccesses, true);
   }
+
+  if (InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs) {
+    warning("InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs not supported on this CPU.");
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs, false);
+  }
+  if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
+    warning("InlineTypeReturnedAsFields not supported on this CPU.");
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, false);
+  }
+  // TODO: Valhalla optimizations
+  if (UseArrayFlattening) {
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseArrayFlattening, false);
+  }
+  if (UseFieldFlattening) {
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseFieldFlattening, false);
+  }
+  if (UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening) {
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening, false);
+  }
+  if (UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening) {
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseNullableAtomicValueFlattening, false);
+  }
+  if (UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening) {
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening, false);
+  }
+  if (UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening) {
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening, false);
+  }
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp
index b5059240db5..71a09f8d014 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp
@@ -5374,12 +5374,57 @@ void ClassFileParser::set_fast_acmp_members(InlineKlass* vk) const {
 
   int64_t mask = 0;
 #ifndef VM_LITTLE_ENDIAN
-  // Leaving the mask and offset to default values (that is just "return;") is a correct and easy way to implement
-  // this for other endianness, but it will have a runtime cost in do_acmp, without the benefit. It is better, and
-  // probably easy with access to such an architecture, to adapt the logic below
-  // for big-endian architectures, but filling the mask from the other end. I prefer not to do it blindly.
-  vk->set_fast_acmp_offset(0);
-  vk->set_fast_acmp_mask(mask);
+
+  // Big-endian: the byte at the lowest address (closest to header) is the most significant byte
+  // in a 64-bit load. We build the mask filling from the most-significant end.
+  //                              Value                    Memory layout (address increases left to right)
+  // make_mask_piece(0, 1) = 0xff00 0000 0000 0000 => [ff]| 00 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00
+  // make_mask_piece(0, 2) = 0xffff 0000 0000 0000 => [ff | ff]| 00 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00
+  // make_mask_piece(1, 1) = 0x00ff 0000 0000 0000 => 00 |[ff]| 00 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00
+  // make_mask_piece(1, 3) = 0x00ff ffff 0000 0000 => 00 |[ff | ff | ff]| 00 | 00 | 00 | 00
+  auto make_mask_piece = [](int start, int size) -> int64_t {
+    return right_n_bits<int64_t>(size * BitsPerByte) << ((BytesPerLong - start - size) * BitsPerByte);
+  };
+
+  // We build the mask for a 64-bit load from the start of the payload. For each contiguous piece of memory
+  // we build the mask containing 1's where it would be in the loaded long.
+  for (int i = 0; i < _layout_info->_nonoop_acmp_map->length(); i++) {
+    int piece_start = _layout_info->_nonoop_acmp_map->at(i)._offset - _layout_info->_payload_offset;
+    int piece_size = _layout_info->_nonoop_acmp_map->at(i)._size;
+    int piece_end = piece_start + piece_size - 1;
+    if (piece_end >= BytesPerLong) {  // Too far! Can't fit in an 8-byte load, fast path will not be taken
+      return;
+    }
+    int64_t mask_piece = make_mask_piece(piece_start, piece_size);
+    mask |= mask_piece;
+  }
+
+  // If the payload is smaller than 64 bits, reading a long after the header can lead to an over-read. To avoid that, we can move the
+  // load to a lower offset (toward the beginning of the object), and adjust the mask accordingly, even if it means reading (part of)
+  // the header: the mask will filter that out.
+  // Since an object cannot be less than 8 bytes, it's surely safe.
+  if (mask == 0) {
+    // Special case: empty object. There is nothing to compare, and no payload. We can just read from the start
+    // of the header to ensure we load within the object.
+    // Note: we can't use the general case below because count_trailing_zeros doesn't accept a null argument.
+    vk->set_fast_acmp_offset(0);
+    vk->set_fast_acmp_mask(mask);
+  } else {
+    // In big endian, if the payload is not a full 64 bits, the mask will have trailing 0s (least significant bytes
+    // correspond to higher addresses, i.e., further from the header). We shift the mask right so that there aren't
+    // trailing 0s anymore, and decrease the offset by the same byte count.
+    // For example, if _payload_offset is 16 and the mask is 0xffff ffff 00ff 0000 (16 trailing zeros),
+    // we shift right 16 bits → mask becomes 0x0000 ffff ffff 00ff, and subtract 2 from the offset.
+    // The leading 16 zeros introduced by the shift will filter out the 2 bytes of header we now read.
+    int trailing_zeroes = static_cast<int>(count_trailing_zeros(static_cast<uint64_t>(mask)));
+    assert(trailing_zeroes % BitsPerByte == 0, "we should mask full bytes");
+    mask = (int64_t)((uint64_t)mask >> trailing_zeroes);
+    assert(count_trailing_zeros(static_cast<uint64_t>(mask)) == 0, "fast acmp mask can be moved further!");
+    int offset = _layout_info->_payload_offset - trailing_zeroes / BitsPerByte;
+    assert(offset >= 0, "fast acmp path shouldn't load before the object");
+    vk->set_fast_acmp_offset(offset);
+    vk->set_fast_acmp_mask(mask);
+  }
 
 #else
 
@@ -5388,7 +5433,7 @@ void ClassFileParser::set_fast_acmp_members(InlineKlass* vk) const {
   // will be the least significant byte.
   //                         Value                    Memory layout
   // make_mask_piece(0, 1) = 0x0000 0000 0000 00ff => ff | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00
-  // make_mask_piece(0, 1) = 0x0000 0000 0000 ffff => ff | ff | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00
+  // make_mask_piece(0, 2) = 0x0000 0000 0000 ffff => ff | ff | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00
   // make_mask_piece(1, 1) = 0x0000 0000 0000 ff00 => 00 | ff | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00
   // make_mask_piece(1, 3) = 0x0000 0000 ffff ff00 => 00 | ff | ff | ff | 00 | 00 | 00 | 00
   auto make_mask_piece = [](int start, int size) -> int64_t { return right_n_bits<int64_t>(size * BitsPerByte) << (start * BitsPerByte); };
@@ -5426,8 +5471,6 @@ void ClassFileParser::set_fast_acmp_members(InlineKlass* vk) const {
     // after the end of the payload. To avoid that, we are going to shift the payload by 16 bits, and remove 2 bytes
     // from the offset we should load from. At the end, fast_acmp_offset will be 14 and the mask 0xffff ffff 00ff 0000.
     // The lowest 16 0s introduced by the shift will filter out the 2 bytes we read from the header.
-    // Big endian architectures probably need to look at count_trailing_zeros, and shift right until the last bit is 1.
-    // The offset still needs to be decreased.
     int leading_zeroes = static_cast<int>(count_leading_zeros(mask));
     assert(leading_zeroes % BitsPerByte == 0, "we should mask full bytes");
     mask <<= leading_zeroes;

From 5c42baaca6a707377871ebe1824ce1e3dc4229d2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jaikiran Pai <jpai@openjdk.org>
Date: Sat, 8 Aug 2026 00:58:01 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 491/707] 8389617: Clean up the Http2TestServerConnection in
 httpclient test library and introduce a way to access the underlying exchange
 from a HttpTestExchange

Reviewed-by: dfuchs, vyazici
---
 .../test/lib/common/HttpServerAdapters.java   |  22 ++
 .../test/lib/http2/BodyOutputStream.java      |   7 +-
 .../test/lib/http2/Http2TestExchangeImpl.java |   6 +-
 .../lib/http2/Http2TestServerConnection.java  | 275 +++++++++---------
 .../jdk/httpclient/test/lib/http2/Queue.java  |  29 +-
 5 files changed, 171 insertions(+), 168 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/lib/jdk/httpclient/test/lib/common/HttpServerAdapters.java b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/lib/jdk/httpclient/test/lib/common/HttpServerAdapters.java
index b40cef5d4e6..58a1ff947d2 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/lib/jdk/httpclient/test/lib/common/HttpServerAdapters.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/lib/jdk/httpclient/test/lib/common/HttpServerAdapters.java
@@ -319,6 +319,7 @@ public long responseLength(long length) {
         public abstract InetSocketAddress getLocalAddress();
         public abstract String getConnectionKey();
         public abstract SSLSession getSSLSession();
+        public abstract <T> T getUnderlyingExchange(Class<T> exchgType);
         public CompletableFuture<Long> sendPing() {
             throw new UnsupportedOperationException("sendPing not supported on "
                     + getExchangeVersion());
@@ -554,6 +555,16 @@ public String getConnectionKey() {
                 return exchange.getLocalAddress() + "->" + exchange.getRemoteAddress();
             }
 
+            @Override
+            public <T> T getUnderlyingExchange(final Class<T> exchgType) {
+                if (exchgType.isInstance(this.exchange)) {
+                    return exchgType.cast(this.exchange);
+                }
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("underlying exchange "
+                        + this.exchange.getClass().getName() + " is not of type: "
+                        + exchgType);
+            }
+
             @Override
             public String toString() {
                 return this.getClass().getSimpleName() + ": " + exchange.toString();
@@ -675,6 +686,17 @@ public String getConnectionKey() {
             public URI getRequestURI() { return exchange.getRequestURI(); }
             @Override
             public String getRequestMethod() { return exchange.getRequestMethod(); }
+
+            @Override
+            public <T> T getUnderlyingExchange(final Class<T> exchgType) {
+                if (exchgType.isInstance(this.exchange)) {
+                    return exchgType.cast(this.exchange);
+                }
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("underlying exchange "
+                        + this.exchange.getClass().getName() + " is not of type: "
+                        + exchgType);
+            }
+
             @Override
             public String toString() {
                 return this.getClass().getSimpleName() + ": " + exchange.toString();
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/lib/jdk/httpclient/test/lib/http2/BodyOutputStream.java b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/lib/jdk/httpclient/test/lib/http2/BodyOutputStream.java
index 33cca60ff38..43fef55b3af 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/lib/jdk/httpclient/test/lib/http2/BodyOutputStream.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/lib/jdk/httpclient/test/lib/http2/BodyOutputStream.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,13 +29,13 @@
 import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;
 
 import jdk.internal.net.http.frame.DataFrame;
+import jdk.internal.net.http.frame.Http2Frame;
 import jdk.internal.net.http.frame.ResetFrame;
 
 /**
  * OutputStream. Incoming window updates handled by the main connection
  * reader thread.
  */
-@SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes","unchecked"})
 public class BodyOutputStream extends OutputStream {
     final static byte[] EMPTY_BARRAY = new byte[0];
 
@@ -44,10 +44,9 @@ public class BodyOutputStream extends OutputStream {
     final Semaphore window;
     volatile boolean closed;
     volatile BodyInputStream bis;
-    volatile int resetErrorCode;
     boolean goodToGo = false; // not allowed to send until headers sent
     final Http2TestServerConnection conn;
-    final Queue outputQ;
+    final Queue<? super Http2Frame> outputQ;
 
     BodyOutputStream(int streamid, int initialWindow, Http2TestServerConnection conn) {
         this.window = new Semaphore(initialWindow);
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/lib/jdk/httpclient/test/lib/http2/Http2TestExchangeImpl.java b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/lib/jdk/httpclient/test/lib/http2/Http2TestExchangeImpl.java
index 8bc0fd2473c..e9eae46bdfe 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/lib/jdk/httpclient/test/lib/http2/Http2TestExchangeImpl.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/lib/jdk/httpclient/test/lib/http2/Http2TestExchangeImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -244,6 +244,10 @@ public String getConnectionKey() {
         return conn.connectionKey();
     }
 
+    public Http2TestServerConnection getConnection() {
+        return this.conn;
+    }
+
     private boolean isHeadRequest() {
         return HEAD.equalsIgnoreCase(getRequestMethod());
     }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/lib/jdk/httpclient/test/lib/http2/Http2TestServerConnection.java b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/lib/jdk/httpclient/test/lib/http2/Http2TestServerConnection.java
index 63c0ba5f5b8..6efe68f14dc 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/lib/jdk/httpclient/test/lib/http2/Http2TestServerConnection.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/lib/jdk/httpclient/test/lib/http2/Http2TestServerConnection.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@
 
 import jdk.internal.net.http.common.HttpHeadersBuilder;
 import jdk.internal.net.http.common.Log;
+import jdk.internal.net.http.common.Logger;
+import jdk.internal.net.http.common.Utils;
 import jdk.internal.net.http.frame.ContinuationFrame;
 import jdk.internal.net.http.frame.DataFrame;
 import jdk.internal.net.http.frame.ErrorFrame;
@@ -48,6 +50,7 @@
 import javax.net.ssl.SSLParameters;
 import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession;
 import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;
+
 import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
 import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
 import java.io.Closeable;
@@ -76,6 +79,7 @@
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;
 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
 import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
 import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
 import java.util.function.BiPredicate;
@@ -88,6 +92,7 @@
 import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1;
 import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.US_ASCII;
 import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
+import static jdk.internal.net.http.frame.ErrorFrame.NO_ERROR;
 import static jdk.internal.net.http.frame.ErrorFrame.REFUSED_STREAM;
 import static jdk.internal.net.http.frame.SettingsFrame.DEFAULT_MAX_FRAME_SIZE;
 import static jdk.internal.net.http.frame.SettingsFrame.HEADER_TABLE_SIZE;
@@ -97,9 +102,11 @@
  * or HTTPS opened using "h2" ALPN.
  */
 public class Http2TestServerConnection {
+
+    private final Logger debugLogger;
+
     final Http2TestServer server;
-    @SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes","unchecked"})
-    final Map<Integer, Queue> streams; // input q per stream
+    final Map<Integer, Queue<?>> streams; // input q per stream
     final Map<Integer, BodyOutputStream> outStreams; // output q per stream
     final HashSet<Integer> pushStreams;
     final Queue<Http2Frame> outputQ;
@@ -115,7 +122,7 @@ public class Http2TestServerConnection {
     final ExecutorService exec;
     final boolean secure;
     final Properties properties;
-    volatile boolean stopping;
+    private final AtomicBoolean closed = new AtomicBoolean();
     volatile int nextPushStreamId = 2;
     public volatile boolean closeConnOnIncomingGoAway = true;
     ConcurrentLinkedQueue<PingRequest> pings = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();
@@ -123,6 +130,8 @@ public class Http2TestServerConnection {
     private final AtomicInteger maxProcessedRequestStreamId = new AtomicInteger(-1);
     // the stream id that was sent in a GOAWAY frame. -1 implies no GOAWAY frame was sent.
     private final AtomicInteger goAwayRequestStreamId = new AtomicInteger(-1);
+    private final Thread writeLoopThread;
+    private final Thread readLoopThread;
 
     final static ByteBuffer EMPTY_BUFFER = ByteBuffer.allocate(0);
     final Random random;
@@ -170,7 +179,9 @@ void fail(Throwable t) {
                               Properties properties)
         throws IOException
     {
-        System.err.println(server.name + ": New connection from " + socket);
+        this.server = Objects.requireNonNull(server, "server");
+        this.debugLogger = Utils.getDebugLogger(() -> this.server.name);
+        this.debugLogger.log("New connection from " + socket);
 
         if (socket instanceof SSLSocket) {
             SSLSocket sslSocket = (SSLSocket)socket;
@@ -179,7 +190,6 @@ void fail(Throwable t) {
                 throw new IOException("Unexpected ALPN: [" + sslSocket.getApplicationProtocol() + "]");
             }
         }
-        this.server = server;
         this.exchangeSupplier = exchangeSupplier;
         this.streams = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap<>());
         this.outStreams = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap<>());
@@ -192,6 +202,16 @@ void fail(Throwable t) {
         this.exec = server.exec;
         this.secure = server.secure;
         this.pushStreams = new HashSet<>();
+        final Thread writeLoopThread = new Thread(this::writeLoop, "writeLoop");
+        writeLoopThread.setDaemon(true);
+        // the Thread be started in run() method of this connection
+        this.writeLoopThread = writeLoopThread;
+
+        final Thread readLoopThread = new Thread(this::readLoop, "readLoop");
+        readLoopThread.setDaemon(true);
+        // the Thread be started in run() method of this connection
+        this.readLoopThread = readLoopThread;
+
         is = new BufferedInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
         os = new BufferedOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
     }
@@ -217,10 +237,9 @@ private SettingsFrame getServerSettingProperties() {
             String prop = properties.getProperty(propPrefix + key);
             if (prop != null) {
                 try {
-                    System.err.println(server.name + ": setting " + key + " property to: " +
-                        prop);
+                    this.debugLogger.log("setting " + key + " property to: " + prop);
                     int num = Integer.parseInt(numS);
-                    System.err.println(server.name + ": num = " + num);
+                    this.debugLogger.log("num = " + num);
                     s.setParameter(num, Integer.parseInt(prop));
                 } catch (NumberFormatException e) {/* ignore errors */}
             }
@@ -268,7 +287,7 @@ private void sendGoAway(final int error) throws IOException {
         }
         final GoAwayFrame frame = new GoAwayFrame(maxProcessedStreamId, error);
         outputQ.put(frame);
-        System.err.println(server.name + ": Sending GOAWAY frame " + frame + " from server connection " + this);
+        this.debugLogger.log("Sending GOAWAY frame " + frame + " from server connection " + this);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -284,7 +303,7 @@ private PingRequest getNextRequest() {
      */
     void handlePing(PingFrame ping) throws IOException {
         if (ping.streamid() != 0) {
-            System.err.println(server.name + ": Invalid ping received");
+            this.debugLogger.log("Invalid ping received");
             close(ErrorFrame.PROTOCOL_ERROR);
             return;
         }
@@ -292,7 +311,7 @@ void handlePing(PingFrame ping) throws IOException {
             // did we send a Ping?
             PingRequest request = getNextRequest();
             if (request == null) {
-                System.err.println(server.name + ": Invalid ping ACK received");
+                this.debugLogger.log("Invalid ping ACK received");
                 close(ErrorFrame.PROTOCOL_ERROR);
                 return;
             } else if (!Arrays.equals(request.pingData, ping.getData())) {
@@ -320,39 +339,70 @@ private static void handshake(final SNIMatcher sniMatcher, final SSLSocket sock)
         sock.startHandshake(); // blocks until handshake done
     }
 
-    void closeIncoming() {
-        close(-1);
+    /**
+     * Closes the connection with a {@link ErrorFrame#NO_ERROR} error code.
+     */
+    public void close() {
+        close(NO_ERROR);
     }
 
-    void close(int error) {
-        if (stopping)
-            return;
-        stopping = true;
-        System.err.printf(server.name + ": Server connection to %s stopping (%s). %d streams\n",
-                socket.getRemoteSocketAddress().toString(),
-                (error == -1 ? "no error" : ("error="+error)), streams.size());
-        streams.forEach((i, q) -> {
-            q.orderlyClose();
-        });
+    /**
+     * Closes the connection with the given {@code error} code. The implementation of this
+     * method will attempt to gracefully close the connection, including sending a {@code GOAWAY}
+     * frame to the client with the given error code.
+     *
+     * @param error the error code
+     */
+    public void close(int error) {
+        close(error, false);
+    }
+
+    private void close(final int error, final boolean peerClosedConnection) {
+        if (!closed.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
+            return; // already closing/closed
+        }
         try {
-            if (error != -1) {
+            this.debugLogger.log("Server connection to " + socket.getRemoteSocketAddress()
+                    + " stopping " + (error == NO_ERROR ? "no error" : ("error=" + error))
+                    + ". " + streams.size());
+            // place a close sentinel in the input queues of each stream of this connection
+            streams.forEach((_, q) -> {
+                q.orderlyClose();
+            });
+            // don't send a GOAWAY if the peer has already closed the underlying connection
+            if (!peerClosedConnection) {
                 sendGoAway(error);
             }
+            // place a close sentinel in the output queue of the connection
             outputQ.orderlyClose();
-            socket.close();
+            // await termination of the writeLoop to make sure any accumulated
+            // frames are written out before the socket is closed. This close() method is allowed
+            // to be called from the writeLoopThread itself, and we don't want to deadlock in such
+            // cases, so we skip this wait if called from that thread.
+            if (Thread.currentThread() != writeLoopThread) {
+                this.writeLoopThread.join();
+            }
         } catch (Exception e) {
+            this.debugLogger.log("ignoring failure during Http2TestServerConnection.close() - " + e);
+        } finally {
+            this.debugLogger.log("closing socket " + socket);
+            try {
+                socket.close();
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                this.debugLogger.log("ignoring Socket.close() exception: " + e);
+            }
         }
     }
 
     private void readPreface() throws IOException {
         int len = clientPreface.length;
         byte[] bytes = new byte[len];
-        System.err.println("reading preface");
+        this.debugLogger.log("reading preface");
         int n = is.readNBytes(bytes, 0, len);
         if (n >= 0) {
             if (Arrays.compare(clientPreface, bytes) != 0) {
                 String msg = String.format("Invalid preface: read %s/%s bytes", n, len);
-                System.err.println(server.name + ": " + msg);
+                this.debugLogger.log(msg);
                 throw new IOException(msg +": \"" +
                         new String(bytes, 0, n, ISO_8859_1)
                                 .replace("\r", "\\r")
@@ -367,7 +417,7 @@ private void readPreface() throws IOException {
     Http1InitialRequest doUpgrade(Http1InitialRequest upgrade) throws IOException {
         String h2c = getHeader(upgrade.headers, "Upgrade");
         if (h2c == null || !h2c.equals("h2c")) {
-            System.err.println(server.name + ":HEADERS: " + upgrade);
+            this.debugLogger.log("HEADERS: " + upgrade);
             throw new IOException("Bad upgrade 1 " + h2c);
         }
 
@@ -428,7 +478,7 @@ private void standardHTTP11Response(Http1InitialRequest request)
                           "X-Received-Body", new String(request.body, UTF_8));
     }
 
-    void run() throws Exception {
+    final void run() throws Exception {
         Http1InitialRequest upgrade = null;
         if (!secure) {
             Http1InitialRequest request = readHttp1Request();
@@ -439,7 +489,7 @@ void run() throws Exception {
                     socket.close();
                     return;
                 } else {
-                    System.err.println(server.name + ":HEADERS: " + upgrade);
+                    this.debugLogger.log("HEADERS: " + upgrade);
                     throw new IOException("Bad upgrade 1 " + h2c);
                 }
             }
@@ -466,10 +516,6 @@ void run() throws Exception {
             }
         }
 
-        // Uncomment if needed, but very noisy
-        //System.out.println("ServerSettings: " + serverSettings);
-        //System.out.println("ClientSettings: " + clientSettings);
-
         hpackOut = new HpackTestEncoder(serverSettings.getParameter(HEADER_TABLE_SIZE));
         hpackIn = new Decoder(clientSettings.getParameter(HEADER_TABLE_SIZE));
 
@@ -477,50 +523,19 @@ void run() throws Exception {
             createPrimordialStream(upgrade);
             nextstream = 3;
         }
-
-        (new ConnectionThread("readLoop", this::readLoop)).start();
-        (new ConnectionThread("writeLoop", this::writeLoop)).start();
-    }
-
-    class ConnectionThread extends Thread {
-        final Runnable r;
-        ConnectionThread(String name, Runnable r) {
-            setName(name);
-            setDaemon(true);
-            this.r = r;
-        }
-
-        public void run() {
-            r.run();
-        }
+        // start the read and write threads
+        this.readLoopThread.start();
+        this.writeLoopThread.start();
     }
 
     private void writeFrame(Http2Frame frame) throws IOException {
         List<ByteBuffer> bufs = new FramesEncoder().encodeFrame(frame);
-        //System.err.println("TestServer: Writing frame " + frame.toString());
-        int c = 0;
         for (ByteBuffer buf : bufs) {
             byte[] ba = buf.array();
             int start = buf.arrayOffset() + buf.position();
-            c += buf.remaining();
             os.write(ba, start, buf.remaining());
-
-//            System.out.println("writing byte at a time");
-//            while (buf.hasRemaining()) {
-//                byte b = buf.get();
-//                os.write(b);
-//                os.flush();
-//                try {
-//                    Thread.sleep(1);
-//                } catch(InterruptedException e) {
-//                    UncheckedIOException uie = new UncheckedIOException(new IOException(""));
-//                    uie.addSuppressed(e);
-//                    throw uie;
-//                }
-//            }
         }
         os.flush();
-        //System.err.printf("TestServer: wrote %d bytes\n", c);
     }
 
     private void handleCommonFrame(Http2Frame f) throws IOException {
@@ -539,10 +554,10 @@ private void handleCommonFrame(Http2Frame f) throws IOException {
             return;
         } else if (f instanceof GoAwayFrame) {
             if (closeConnOnIncomingGoAway) {
-                System.err.println(server.name + ": Closing connection: "+ f.toString());
+                this.debugLogger.log("Closing connection: " + f);
                 close(ErrorFrame.NO_ERROR);
             } else {
-                System.err.println(server.name + ": Will not close connection for incoming GOAWAY: " + f);
+                this.debugLogger.log("Will not close connection for incoming GOAWAY: " + f);
             }
         } else if (f instanceof PingFrame) {
             handlePing((PingFrame)f);
@@ -635,7 +650,7 @@ void createPrimordialStream(Http1InitialRequest request) throws IOException {
         // skip processing the request if configured to do so
         final String connKey = connectionKey();
         if (!shouldProcessNewHTTPRequest(connKey)) {
-            System.err.println(server.name + ": Rejecting primordial stream 1 and sending GOAWAY" +
+            this.debugLogger.log("Rejecting primordial stream 1 and sending GOAWAY" +
                     " on server connection " + connKey + ", for request: " + path);
             sendGoAway(ErrorFrame.NO_ERROR);
             return;
@@ -712,7 +727,7 @@ private boolean createStream(HeaderFrame frame, Http2TestServer.AltSvcAddr altSv
         final String connKey = connectionKey();
         final String path = headers.firstValue(":path").orElse("");
         if (!shouldProcessNewHTTPRequest(connKey)) {
-            System.err.println(server.name + ": Rejecting stream " + streamid
+            this.debugLogger.log("Rejecting stream " + streamid
                     + " and sending GOAWAY on server connection "
                     + connKey + ", for request: " + path);
             sendGoAway(ErrorFrame.NO_ERROR);
@@ -755,24 +770,18 @@ void handleRequest(HttpHeaders headers,
                        boolean endStreamReceived)
     {
         String method = headers.firstValue(":method").orElse("");
-        //System.out.println("method = " + method);
         String path = headers.firstValue(":path").orElse("");
-        //System.out.println("path = " + path);
         String scheme = headers.firstValue(":scheme").orElse("");
-        //System.out.println("scheme = " + scheme);
         String authority = headers.firstValue(":authority").orElse("");
-        //System.out.println("authority = " + authority);
-        System.err.printf(server.name + ": %s %s\n", method, path);
+        this.debugLogger.log(method + " " + path);
         int winsize = clientSettings.getParameter(
                 SettingsFrame.INITIAL_WINDOW_SIZE);
-        //System.err.println ("Stream window size = " + winsize);
-
         final InputStream bis;
         if (endStreamReceived && queue.size() == 0) {
-            System.err.println(server.name + ": got END_STREAM for stream " + streamid);
+            this.debugLogger.log("got END_STREAM for stream " + streamid);
             bis = NullInputStream.INSTANCE;
         } else {
-            System.err.println(server.name + ": creating input stream for stream " + streamid);
+            this.debugLogger.log("creating input stream for stream " + streamid);
             bis = new BodyInputStream(queue, streamid, this);
         }
         try (bis;
@@ -801,23 +810,23 @@ headers, rspheadersBuilder, uri, bis, getSSLSession(),
                 if (bis instanceof BodyInputStream bodyInputStream) bos.bis = bodyInputStream;
 
                 handler.handle(exchange);
-            } catch (IOException closed) {
+            } catch (IOException ioe) {
                 if (bos.closed) {
                     Queue q = streams.get(streamid);
                     if (q != null && (q.isClosed() || q.isClosing())) {
-                        System.err.println(server.name + ": Stream " + streamid + " closed: " + closed);
+                        System.err.println(server.name + ": Stream " + streamid + " closed: " + ioe);
                         return;
                     }
                 }
-                throw closed;
+                throw ioe;
             }
 
             // everything happens in the exchange from here. Hopefully will
             // return though.
         } catch (Throwable e) {
-            System.err.println(server.name + ": handleRequest exception: " + e);
+            this.debugLogger.log("handleRequest exception: " + e);
             e.printStackTrace();
-            close(-1);
+            close(ErrorFrame.INTERNAL_ERROR);
         }
     }
     private void respondForMissingHandler(final Http2TestExchange exchange)
@@ -855,15 +864,14 @@ private SSLSession getSSLSession() {
     void readLoop() {
         try {
             boolean altSvcSent = false;
-            while (!stopping) {
+            while (!closed.get()) {
                 Http2Frame frame = readFrameImpl();
                 if (frame == null) {
-                    System.err.println(server.name + ": EOF reached on connection " + connectionKey()
+                    this.debugLogger.log("EOF reached on connection " + connectionKey()
                             + ", will no longer accept incoming frames");
-                    closeIncoming();
+                    close(NO_ERROR, true);
                     return;
                 }
-                //System.err.printf("TestServer: received frame %s\n", frame);
                 int stream = frame.streamid();
                 int next = nextstream;
                 int nextPush = nextPushStreamId;
@@ -879,7 +887,7 @@ void readLoop() {
                     Queue q = streams.get(stream);
                     if (frame.type() == HeadersFrame.TYPE) {
                         if (q != null) {
-                            System.err.println(server.name + ": HEADERS frame for existing stream! Error.");
+                            this.debugLogger.log("HEADERS frame for existing stream! Error.");
                             // TODO: close connection
                             continue;
                         } else {
@@ -888,8 +896,7 @@ void readLoop() {
                             // if we already sent a goaway, then don't create new streams with
                             // higher stream ids.
                             if (finalProcessedStreamId != -1 && streamId > finalProcessedStreamId) {
-                                System.err.println(server.name + ": " + connectionKey()
-                                        + " resetting stream " + streamId
+                                this.debugLogger.log(connectionKey() + " resetting stream " + streamId
                                         + " as REFUSED_STREAM");
                                 final ResetFrame rst = new ResetFrame(streamId, REFUSED_STREAM);
                                 outputQ.put(rst);
@@ -901,9 +908,9 @@ void readLoop() {
                         }
                     } else {
                         if (q == null && !pushStreams.contains(stream)) {
-                            System.err.printf(server.name + ": Non Headers frame received with"+
-                                    " non existing stream (%d) ", frame.streamid());
-                            System.err.println(frame);
+                            this.debugLogger.log("Non Headers frame received with non existing stream ("
+                                    + frame.streamid() + ")");
+                            this.debugLogger.log(frame.toString());
                             continue;
                         }
                         if (frame.type() == WindowUpdateFrame.TYPE) {
@@ -934,30 +941,29 @@ void readLoop() {
                             } else if (isClientStreamId(stream) && stream < next) {
                                 // We may receive a reset on a client stream that has already
                                 // been closed. Just ignore it.
-                                System.err.println(server.name + ": received ResetFrame on closed stream: " + stream);
-                                System.err.println(frame);
+                                this.debugLogger.log("received ResetFrame on closed stream: " + stream);
+                                this.debugLogger.log(frame.toString());
                             } else if (isServerStreamId(stream) && stream < nextPush) {
                                 // We may receive a reset on a push stream that has already
                                 // been closed. Just ignore it.
-                                System.err.println(server.name + ": received ResetFrame on closed push stream: " + stream);
-                                System.err.println(frame);
+                                this.debugLogger.log("received ResetFrame on closed push stream: " + stream);
+                                this.debugLogger.log(frame.toString());
                             } else {
-                                System.err.println(server.name + ": Unexpected frame on: " + stream);
-                                System.err.println(frame);
+                                this.debugLogger.log("Unexpected frame on: " + stream);
+                                this.debugLogger.log(frame.toString());
                                 throw new IOException("Unexpected frame");
                             }
                         } else {
                             if (!q.putIfOpen(frame)) {
-                                System.err.printf(server.name + ": Stream %s is closed: dropping %s%n",
-                                        stream, frame);
+                                this.debugLogger.log("Stream " + stream + " is closed: dropping " + frame);
                             }
                         }
                     }
                 }
             }
         } catch (Throwable e) {
-            if (!stopping) {
-                System.err.println(server.name + ": Http server reader thread shutdown");
+            if (!closed.get()) {
+                this.debugLogger.log("Exception in readLoop: " + e);
                 e.printStackTrace();
             }
             close(ErrorFrame.PROTOCOL_ERROR);
@@ -966,7 +972,7 @@ void readLoop() {
 
     boolean sendAltSvc(final String originHost, final Http2TestServer.AltSvcAddr altSvcAddr) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(originHost);
-        System.err.printf("TestServer: AltSvcFrame for: %s%n", originHost);
+        this.debugLogger.log("AltSvcFrame for: " + originHost);
         try {
             URI url = new URI("https://" + originHost);
             String origin = url.toASCIIString();
@@ -976,12 +982,12 @@ boolean sendAltSvc(final String originHost, final Http2TestServer.AltSvcAddr alt
             svc = svc + ", h3-34=\"" + altSvcAddr.host() + ":" + altSvcAddr.port()
                     +"\"; ma=2592000; persist=1";
             AltSvcFrame frame = new AltSvcFrame(0, 0, Optional.of(origin), svc);
-            System.err.printf("TestServer: Sending AltSvcFrame for: %s [%s]%n", origin, svc);
+            this.debugLogger.log("Sending AltSvcFrame for: " + origin + "[" + svc + "]");
             outputQ.put(frame);
             return true;
-        } catch (IOException | URISyntaxException x) {
-            System.err.println("TestServer: Failed to send AltSvcFrame: " + x);
-            x.printStackTrace();
+        } catch (IOException | URISyntaxException ex) {
+            this.debugLogger.log("Failed to send AltSvcFrame: " + ex);
+            ex.printStackTrace();
         }
         return false;
     }
@@ -1072,20 +1078,24 @@ static void closeIgnore(Closeable c) {
     // Runs in own thread
     void writeLoop() {
         try {
-            while (!stopping) {
+            // keep taking from the outputQ till a close sentinel is picked from the outputQ
+            while (true) {
                 Http2Frame frame;
                 try {
                     frame = outputQ.take();
-                    if (stopping)
+                    if (frame == null) {
+                        // null item implies the outputQ found a close sentinel and no longer
+                        // has any items
                         break;
+                    }
                 } catch(IOException x) {
-                    if (stopping && x.getCause() instanceof InterruptedException) {
+                    if (closed.get() && x.getCause() instanceof InterruptedException) {
                         break;
                     } else throw x;
                 }
                 if (frame instanceof ResponseHeaders rh) {
                     // order of headers matters - pseudo headers first followed by rest of the headers
-                    final List<ByteBuffer> encodedHeaders = new ArrayList(encodeHeaders(rh.pseudoHeaders, rh.insertionPolicy));
+                    final List<ByteBuffer> encodedHeaders = new ArrayList<>(encodeHeaders(rh.pseudoHeaders, rh.insertionPolicy));
                     encodedHeaders.addAll(encodeHeaders(rh.headers, rh.insertionPolicy));
                     int maxFrameSize = Math.min(rh.getMaxFrameSize(), getMaxFrameSize() - 64);
                     int next = 0;
@@ -1124,7 +1134,7 @@ void writeLoop() {
                                 : new ContinuationFrame(rh.streamid(), flags, list);
                         if (Log.headers()) {
                             // avoid too much chatter: log only if Log.headers() is enabled
-                            System.err.println(server.name + ": writing " + hf);
+                            this.debugLogger.log("writing " + hf);
                         }
                         writeFrame(hf);
                         cont++;
@@ -1134,14 +1144,9 @@ void writeLoop() {
                 } else
                     writeFrame(frame);
             }
-            System.err.println(server.name + ": Connection writer stopping " + connectionKey());
+            this.debugLogger.log("Connection writer stopping " + connectionKey());
         } catch (Throwable e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
-            /*close();
-            if (!stopping) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-                System.err.println("TestServer: writeLoop exception: " + e);
-            }*/
         }
     }
 
@@ -1186,8 +1191,7 @@ public void sendEndStream() throws IOException {
 
                 ii.transferTo(oo);
             } catch (Throwable ex) {
-                System.err.printf(server.name + ": pushing response error: %s\n",
-                        ex.toString());
+                this.debugLogger.log("pushing response error: " + ex);
             } finally {
                 closeIgnore(ii);
                 closeIgnore(oo);
@@ -1228,9 +1232,7 @@ private Http2Frame readFrameImpl() throws IOException {
         try {
             byte[] buf = new byte[9];
             int ret;
-            // System.err.println("TestServer: reading frame headers");
             ret=is.readNBytes(buf, 0, 9);
-            // System.err.println("TestServer: got frame headers");
             if (ret == 0) {
                 return null;
             } else if (ret != 9) {
@@ -1239,11 +1241,9 @@ private Http2Frame readFrameImpl() throws IOException {
             int len = 0;
             for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
                 int n = buf[i] & 0xff;
-                //System.err.println("n = " + n);
                 len = (len << 8) + n;
             }
             byte[] rest = new byte[len];
-            // System.err.println("TestServer: reading frame body");
             int n = is.readNBytes(rest, 0, len);
             if (n != len)
                 throw new IOException("Error reading frame");
@@ -1256,7 +1256,7 @@ private Http2Frame readFrameImpl() throws IOException {
 
             return frames.get(0);
         } catch (IOException ee) {
-            if (stopping)
+            if (closed.get())
                 return null;
             throw ee;
         }
@@ -1352,7 +1352,7 @@ Http1InitialRequest readHttp1Request() throws IOException {
             }
             return new Http1InitialRequest(headers, buf);
         } catch (IOException e) {
-            System.err.println(server.name + ": headers read: [ " + headers + " ]");
+            this.debugLogger.log("headers read: [ " + headers + " ]");
             throw e;
         }
     }
@@ -1383,13 +1383,6 @@ void sendHttp1Response(int code, String msg, String... headers) throws IOExcepti
         os.flush();
     }
 
-    private void unexpectedFrame(Http2Frame frame) {
-        System.err.println(server.name + ": OOPS. Unexpected");
-        assert false;
-    }
-
-    final static ByteBuffer[] bbarray = new ByteBuffer[0];
-
     // wrapper around a BlockingQueue that throws an exception when it's closed
     // Each stream has one of these
 
@@ -1433,9 +1426,9 @@ public  void obtainConnectionWindow(int amount) throws InterruptedException {
     }
 
     public void updateConnectionWindow(int amount) {
-        System.err.printf("%s: sendWindow (available:%s, released amount=%s) is now: %s%n",
-                server.name,
-                sendWindow.availablePermits(), amount, sendWindow.availablePermits() + amount);
+        this.debugLogger.log("sendWindow (available:" + sendWindow.availablePermits()
+                + ", released amount=" + amount + ") is now: "
+                + (sendWindow.availablePermits() + amount));
         sendWindow.release(amount);
     }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/lib/jdk/httpclient/test/lib/http2/Queue.java b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/lib/jdk/httpclient/test/lib/http2/Queue.java
index 791067381d1..134c5ecf044 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/lib/jdk/httpclient/test/lib/http2/Queue.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/lib/jdk/httpclient/test/lib/http2/Queue.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -30,16 +30,15 @@
 
 import jdk.httpclient.test.lib.common.ExceptionallyCloseable;
 
-// Each stream has one of these for input. Each Http2Connection has one
+// Each stream has one of these for input. Each Http2TestServerConnection has one
 // for output. Can be used blocking or asynchronously.
 
-public class Queue<T> implements ExceptionallyCloseable {
+public final class Queue<T> implements ExceptionallyCloseable {
 
     private final LinkedList<T> q = new LinkedList<>();
     private boolean closed = false;
     private boolean closing = false;
     private Throwable exception = null;
-    private int waiters; // true if someone waiting
     private final T closeSentinel;
 
     Queue(T closeSentinel) {
@@ -64,7 +63,7 @@ public synchronized boolean isOpen() {
 
     public synchronized void put(T obj) throws IOException {
         if (!putIfOpen(obj)) {
-            throw new IOException("stream closed");
+            throw new IOException("queue closed");
         }
     }
 
@@ -72,9 +71,8 @@ public synchronized boolean putIfOpen(T obj) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(obj);
         if (!isOpen()) return false;
         q.add(obj);
-        if (waiters > 0) {
-            notifyAll();
-        }
+        // notify anyone waiting for items in the queue
+        notifyAll();
         return true;
     }
 
@@ -121,13 +119,11 @@ public synchronized T take() throws IOException {
             throw newIOException("stream closed");
         }
         try {
-            while (q.size() == 0) {
-                waiters++;
+            while (q.isEmpty()) {
                 wait();
                 if (closed) {
                     throw newIOException("Queue closed");
                 }
-                waiters--;
             }
             T item = q.removeFirst();
             if (item.equals(closeSentinel)) {
@@ -141,17 +137,6 @@ public synchronized T take() throws IOException {
         }
     }
 
-    public synchronized T poll() throws IOException {
-        if (closed) {
-            throw newIOException("stream closed");
-        }
-
-        if (q.isEmpty()) {
-            return null;
-        }
-        return take();
-    }
-
     private IOException newIOException(String msg) {
         if (exception == null) {
             return new IOException(msg);

From 90f71228a9ca4d95013dc98dbace7deb7c7d065d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Patrick Fontanilla <pfontanilla@openjdk.org>
Date: Sat, 8 Aug 2026 13:11:57 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 492/707] 8388880: Shenandoah: Improve pinning performance

Co-authored-by: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: kdnilsen, shade, wkemper
---
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.cpp    |  2 +
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp    | 44 ++++++++++++++++---
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.hpp    |  7 +++
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.cpp    |  9 ----
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.hpp    |  4 +-
 .../shenandoahHeapRegion.inline.hpp           | 11 ++++-
 .../shenandoahHeapRegionClosures.cpp          |  4 +-
 .../shenandoahHeapRegionClosures.hpp          |  4 +-
 .../shenandoah/shenandoahThreadLocalData.cpp  |  4 +-
 .../shenandoah/shenandoahThreadLocalData.hpp  | 22 ++++++++++
 10 files changed, 91 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.cpp
index 9605eb524cd..1e839fab655 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.cpp
@@ -176,6 +176,8 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSet::on_thread_detach(Thread *thread) {
       ShenandoahContextEvacuateUpdateRootsClosure oops;
       StackWatermarkSet::finish_processing(JavaThread::cast(thread), &oops, StackWatermarkKind::gc);
     }
+
+    _heap->flush_region_pin_cache(JavaThread::cast(thread));
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp
index 860988a2d7f..026ba8681e6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp
@@ -2435,17 +2435,51 @@ void ShenandoahHeap::unregister_nmethod(nmethod* nm) {
 }
 
 void ShenandoahHeap::pin_object(JavaThread* thr, oop o) {
-  heap_region_containing(o)->record_pin();
+  assert(thr == JavaThread::current(), "Sanity");
+  size_t reg_idx_pin = heap_region_index_containing(o);
+  size_t reg_idx_cached = ShenandoahThreadLocalData::pin_cache_region(thr);
+  size_t count = ShenandoahThreadLocalData::pin_cache_count(thr);
+  if (reg_idx_pin == reg_idx_cached) {
+    ShenandoahThreadLocalData::pin_cache_set_count(thr, count + 1);
+  } else {
+    if (count != 0) {
+      get_region(reg_idx_cached)->record_pin(count);
+    }
+    ShenandoahThreadLocalData::pin_cache_set_region(thr, reg_idx_pin);
+    ShenandoahThreadLocalData::pin_cache_set_count(thr, 1);
+  }
 }
 
 void ShenandoahHeap::unpin_object(JavaThread* thr, oop o) {
-  ShenandoahHeapRegion* r = heap_region_containing(o);
-  assert(r != nullptr, "Sanity");
-  assert(r->pin_count() > 0, "Region %zu should have non-zero pins", r->index());
-  r->record_unpin();
+  assert(thr == JavaThread::current(), "Sanity");
+  size_t reg_idx_pin = heap_region_index_containing(o);
+  size_t reg_idx_cached = ShenandoahThreadLocalData::pin_cache_region(thr);
+  if (reg_idx_pin == reg_idx_cached) {
+    size_t count = ShenandoahThreadLocalData::pin_cache_count(thr);
+    ShenandoahThreadLocalData::pin_cache_set_count(thr, count - 1);
+  } else {
+    get_region(reg_idx_pin)->record_unpin();
+  }
+}
+
+void ShenandoahHeap::flush_region_pin_cache(JavaThread* thr) {
+  size_t count = ShenandoahThreadLocalData::pin_cache_count(thr);
+  if (count != 0) {
+    size_t reg_idx_cached = ShenandoahThreadLocalData::pin_cache_region(thr);
+    get_region(reg_idx_cached)->record_pin(count);
+    ShenandoahThreadLocalData::pin_cache_set_count(thr, 0);
+  }
+}
+
+void ShenandoahHeap::flush_region_pin_cache() {
+  assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "Must be at a safepoint");
+  for (JavaThreadIteratorWithHandle jtiwh; JavaThread *t = jtiwh.next(); ) {
+    flush_region_pin_cache(t);
+  }
 }
 
 void ShenandoahHeap::sync_pinned_region_status() {
+  flush_region_pin_cache();
   ShenandoahHeapLocker locker(lock());
 
   for (size_t i = 0; i < num_regions(); i++) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.hpp
index 171f473d06a..f26bb0d80cc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.hpp
@@ -686,6 +686,13 @@ class ShenandoahHeap : public CollectedHeap {
   void pin_object(JavaThread* thread, oop obj) override;
   void unpin_object(JavaThread* thread, oop obj) override;
 
+  // Flushes this thread's accumulated pin count to its cached region's
+  // shared counter and clears the thread's count.
+  void flush_region_pin_cache(JavaThread* thread);
+
+  // Flushes all Java threads' pin counts.
+  void flush_region_pin_cache();
+
   void sync_pinned_region_status();
   void assert_pinned_region_status() const NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
   void assert_pinned_region_status(ShenandoahGeneration* generation) const NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.cpp
index 66eaed2c222..a37fd34238e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.cpp
@@ -817,15 +817,6 @@ void ShenandoahHeapRegion::set_state(RegionState to) {
   _state.release_store(to);
 }
 
-void ShenandoahHeapRegion::record_pin() {
-  _critical_pins.add_then_fetch((size_t)1);
-}
-
-void ShenandoahHeapRegion::record_unpin() {
-  assert(pin_count() > 0, "Region %zu should have non-zero pins", index());
-  _critical_pins.sub_then_fetch((size_t)1);
-}
-
 size_t ShenandoahHeapRegion::pin_count() const {
   return _critical_pins.load_relaxed();
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.hpp
index cf60f18e48f..c377ef8b0ed 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.hpp
@@ -224,8 +224,8 @@ class ShenandoahHeapRegion {
   RegionState state()              const { return _state.load_acquire(); }
   int  state_ordinal()             const { return region_state_to_ordinal(state()); }
 
-  void record_pin();
-  void record_unpin();
+  inline void record_pin(size_t value = 1);
+  inline void record_unpin(size_t value = 1);
   size_t pin_count() const;
 
 private:
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.inline.hpp
index f004fdf0ea2..566a7cd45a6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.inline.hpp
@@ -195,7 +195,16 @@ inline void ShenandoahHeapRegion::save_top_before_promote() {
 inline void ShenandoahHeapRegion::restore_top_before_promote() {
   _top = _top_before_promoted;
   _top_before_promoted = nullptr;
- }
+}
+
+inline void ShenandoahHeapRegion::record_pin(size_t value) {
+  _critical_pins.add_then_fetch(value, memory_order_relaxed);
+}
 
+inline void ShenandoahHeapRegion::record_unpin(size_t value) {
+  assert(pin_count() >= value, "Region %zu should have non-zero pins after this: %zu >= %zu",
+         index(), pin_count(), value);
+  _critical_pins.sub_then_fetch(value, memory_order_relaxed);
+}
 
 #endif // SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHHEAPREGION_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegionClosures.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegionClosures.cpp
index 7554a9c9a2c..6af7548c39b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegionClosures.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegionClosures.cpp
@@ -28,7 +28,9 @@
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahSharedVariables.hpp"
 
 ShenandoahSynchronizePinnedRegionStates::ShenandoahSynchronizePinnedRegionStates() :
-  _lock(ShenandoahHeap::heap()->lock()) { }
+  _lock(ShenandoahHeap::heap()->lock()) {
+  ShenandoahHeap::heap()->flush_region_pin_cache();
+}
 
 void ShenandoahSynchronizePinnedRegionStates::heap_region_do(ShenandoahHeapRegion* r) {
   // Drop "pinned" state from regions that no longer have a pinned count. Put
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegionClosures.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegionClosures.hpp
index 3f3b57c9bb2..2777b49faff 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegionClosures.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegionClosures.hpp
@@ -77,7 +77,9 @@ class ShenandoahExcludeRegionClosure : public ShenandoahHeapRegionClosure {
   }
 };
 
-// Makes regions pinned or unpinned according to the region's pin count
+// Makes regions pinned or unpinned according to the region's pin count.
+// On construction, it will flush all Java threads' pin caches into their
+// cached regions' pin counters.
 class ShenandoahSynchronizePinnedRegionStates : public ShenandoahHeapRegionClosure {
 private:
   ShenandoahHeapLock* const _lock;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahThreadLocalData.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahThreadLocalData.cpp
index 6eed66d11b2..d7d9e579b58 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahThreadLocalData.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahThreadLocalData.cpp
@@ -39,7 +39,9 @@ ShenandoahThreadLocalData::ShenandoahThreadLocalData() :
   _shenandoah_plab(nullptr),
   _evacuation_stats(new ShenandoahEvacuationStats()),
   _invisible_root(nullptr),
-  _invisible_root_word_size(0) {
+  _invisible_root_word_size(0),
+  _pin_region_idx(0),
+  _pin_count(0) {
 }
 
 ShenandoahThreadLocalData::~ShenandoahThreadLocalData() {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahThreadLocalData.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahThreadLocalData.hpp
index 1cc11a6f731..da8f060db6e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahThreadLocalData.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahThreadLocalData.hpp
@@ -93,6 +93,12 @@ class ShenandoahThreadLocalData {
   Atomic<HeapWord*> _invisible_root;
   Atomic<size_t> _invisible_root_word_size;
 
+  // Thread-local pin cache used to increment/decrement the pin count for
+  // a region and flush the accumulated count to the shared pin counter.
+  // This avoids contended atomic updates of the shared pin counter.
+  size_t _pin_region_idx;
+  size_t _pin_count;
+
   ShenandoahThreadLocalData();
   ~ShenandoahThreadLocalData();
 
@@ -242,6 +248,22 @@ class ShenandoahThreadLocalData {
   static size_t get_invisible_root_word_size(Thread* thread) {
     return data(thread)->_invisible_root_word_size.load_relaxed();
   }
+
+  static size_t pin_cache_region(Thread* thread) {
+    return data(thread)->_pin_region_idx;
+  }
+
+  static size_t pin_cache_count(Thread* thread) {
+    return data(thread)->_pin_count;
+  }
+
+  static void pin_cache_set_region(Thread* thread, size_t region_idx) {
+    data(thread)->_pin_region_idx = region_idx;
+  }
+
+  static void pin_cache_set_count(Thread* thread, size_t new_count) {
+    data(thread)->_pin_count = new_count;
+  }
 };
 
 STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(ShenandoahThreadLocalData) <= sizeof(GCThreadLocalData));

From 69e99d9dc108d0cf8fdeca390fbb37d278349e7f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Chen Liang <liach@openjdk.org>
Date: Sat, 8 Aug 2026 14:00:38 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 493/707] 8389466: Clarify Class::desiredAssertionStatus for
 primitive and array types

Reviewed-by: alanb
---
 src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Class.java | 4 ++++
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Class.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Class.java
index 0a99133712e..75fe976311c 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Class.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Class.java
@@ -3411,6 +3411,9 @@ private String methodToString(String name, Class<?>[] argTypes) {
      * otherwise, if this class is not a system class (i.e., it has a
      * class loader) its class loader's default assertion status is returned;
      * otherwise, the system class default assertion status is returned.
+     * <p>
+     * If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, a primitive type,
+     * or void, this method returns {@code false}.
      *
      * @apiNote
      * Few programmers will have any need for this method; it is provided
@@ -3424,6 +3427,7 @@ private String methodToString(String name, Class<?>[] argTypes) {
      * @see    java.lang.ClassLoader#setClassAssertionStatus
      * @see    java.lang.ClassLoader#setPackageAssertionStatus
      * @see    java.lang.ClassLoader#setDefaultAssertionStatus
+     * @jls 14.10 The {@code assert} Statement
      * @since  1.4
      */
     public boolean desiredAssertionStatus() {

From 479d43dc63674e9d7e6b543a899e76e070a632fc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Chen Liang <liach@openjdk.org>
Date: Sat, 8 Aug 2026 14:12:19 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 494/707] 8388362: Class-File API MethodHandleEntry symbolic
 accessors do not throw IllegalArgumentException for invalid
 REF_newInvokeSpecial data

Reviewed-by: asotona
---
 .../classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry.java        | 16 +++++++++++-----
 .../jdk/classfile/ConstantDescSymbolsTest.java   | 12 ++++++++++--
 2 files changed, 21 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry.java
index ec747d06c21..0210e40bfd2 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 
 import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.*;
 import java.lang.constant.*;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandleInfo;
 import java.lang.invoke.TypeDescriptor;
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.util.Arrays;
@@ -1068,11 +1069,16 @@ public DirectMethodHandleDesc asSymbol() {
         }
 
         private DirectMethodHandleDesc computeSymbol() {
+            MemberRefEntry ref = reference();
+            // MethodHandleDesc factory ignores name if type is newInvokeSpecial, we must manually validate
+            if (kind() == MethodHandleInfo.REF_newInvokeSpecial && !ref.name().equalsString(ConstantDescs.INIT_NAME)) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Expected name <init> for constructor, found " + ref.name());
+            }
             return this.sym = MethodHandleDesc.of(
-                    DirectMethodHandleDesc.Kind.valueOf(kind(), reference() instanceof InterfaceMethodRefEntry),
-                    ((MemberRefEntry) reference()).owner().asSymbol(),
-                    ((MemberRefEntry) reference()).nameAndType().name().stringValue(),
-                    ((MemberRefEntry) reference()).nameAndType().type().stringValue());
+                    DirectMethodHandleDesc.Kind.valueOf(kind(), ref instanceof InterfaceMethodRefEntry),
+                    ref.owner().asSymbol(),
+                    ref.name().stringValue(),
+                    ref.type().stringValue());
         }
 
         @Override
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/ConstantDescSymbolsTest.java b/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/ConstantDescSymbolsTest.java
index 8c60c379569..97e25e0e885 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/ConstantDescSymbolsTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/ConstantDescSymbolsTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2023, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 8304031 8338406 8338546 8361909
+ * @bug 8304031 8338406 8338546 8361909 8388362
  * @summary Testing handling of various constant descriptors in ClassFile API.
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.constant
  *          java.base/jdk.internal.classfile.impl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 
 import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.*;
 import java.lang.constant.*;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandleInfo;
 import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
 import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
@@ -123,6 +124,13 @@ record CondyBoot(MethodHandles.Lookup lookup, String name, Class<?> type) {
         assertEquals(CondyBoot.class, cb.type);
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void testMethodHandleSymbolConstructorValidation() {
+        var cp = ConstantPoolBuilder.of();
+        var entry = cp.methodHandleEntry(MethodHandleInfo.REF_newInvokeSpecial, cp.methodRefEntry(CD_Object, "wait", MTD_void));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, entry::asSymbol);
+    }
+
     static Stream<ClassDesc> classOrInterfaceEntries() {
         return Stream.of(
                 CD_Object, CD_Float, CD_Long, CD_String, ClassDesc.of("Ape"),

From 20ccb7cfbde76b7ce2bb0e635934c252a187f702 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Benjamin Peterson <bpeterson@openjdk.org>
Date: Sat, 8 Aug 2026 15:39:28 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 495/707] 8387793:
 test/jdk/java/nio/file/DirectoryStream/SecureDS.doSetPermissions tests
 absolute paths

Reviewed-by: alanb
---
 test/jdk/java/nio/file/DirectoryStream/SecureDS.java | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/java/nio/file/DirectoryStream/SecureDS.java b/test/jdk/java/nio/file/DirectoryStream/SecureDS.java
index e481f6f1594..9c1c6594878 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/nio/file/DirectoryStream/SecureDS.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/nio/file/DirectoryStream/SecureDS.java
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ static void doSetPermissions(Path dir) throws IOException {
                 }
 
                 // Test following link to file
-                view = stream.getFileAttributeView(link, PosixFileAttributeView.class);
+                view = stream.getFileAttributeView(linkEntry, PosixFileAttributeView.class);
                 view.setPermissions(noperms);
                 assertEquals(noperms, getPosixFilePermissions(file));
                 assertEquals(permsLink, getPosixFilePermissions(link, NOFOLLOW_LINKS));
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ static void doSetPermissions(Path dir) throws IOException {
                 assertEquals(permsLink, getPosixFilePermissions(link, NOFOLLOW_LINKS));
 
                 // Test not following link to file
-                var linkView = stream.getFileAttributeView(link, PosixFileAttributeView.class, NOFOLLOW_LINKS);
+                var linkView = stream.getFileAttributeView(linkEntry, PosixFileAttributeView.class, NOFOLLOW_LINKS);
                 if (Platform.isLinux()) {
                     // Symbolic link permissions do not apply on Linux
                     assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> linkView.setPermissions(noperms));

From 4061f762d8386b715d97ff4d9ef3ed4eafe5f898 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Marc Chevalier <mchevalier@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 10 Aug 2026 07:41:59 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 496/707] 8389892: C2: VectorNode::Ideal modifies the node but
 returns nullptr

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, epeter
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp                | 12 +++++++++++-
 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/codegen/ShiftByZero.java |  8 ++++----
 2 files changed, 15 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
index b1251562ca8..59632c69188 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
@@ -1451,9 +1451,12 @@ Node* VectorNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
     return n;
   }
 
+  bool inputs_have_been_swapped = false;
   // Sort inputs of commutative non-predicated vector operations to help value numbering.
   if (should_swap_inputs_to_help_global_value_numbering()) {
+    assert(in(1) != in(2), "it is useless to swap identical inputs");
     swap_edges(1, 2);
+    inputs_have_been_swapped = true;
   }
 
   n = push_through_replicate(phase);
@@ -1461,7 +1464,14 @@ Node* VectorNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
     return n;
   }
 
-  return reassociate_vector_operation(phase);
+  n = reassociate_vector_operation(phase);
+  if (n != nullptr) {
+    return n;
+  }
+  if (inputs_have_been_swapped) {
+    return this;
+  }
+  return nullptr;
 }
 
 // Traverses a chain of VectorMaskCast and returns the first non VectorMaskCast node.
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/codegen/ShiftByZero.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/codegen/ShiftByZero.java
index b400967cfcd..fe51a9e06fd 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/codegen/ShiftByZero.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/codegen/ShiftByZero.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 8288445
+ * @bug 8288445 8389892
  * @summary Test shift by 0
- * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation
- * compiler.codegen.ShiftByZero
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=100000 ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.codegen;

From 0239ef459706655258934ae67120e02a04f12603 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alexander Zvegintsev <azvegint@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 10 Aug 2026 08:42:44 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 497/707] 8389648: [TEST_BUG]
 java/awt/TextField/CaretPositionTest/CaretPositionTest.java fails in OL-9

Reviewed-by: prr, jdv
---
 .../TextField/CaretPositionTest/CaretPositionTest.java | 10 ++++++----
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/java/awt/TextField/CaretPositionTest/CaretPositionTest.java b/test/jdk/java/awt/TextField/CaretPositionTest/CaretPositionTest.java
index 56a39758874..bb30cc65597 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/awt/TextField/CaretPositionTest/CaretPositionTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/awt/TextField/CaretPositionTest/CaretPositionTest.java
@@ -79,13 +79,15 @@ public void setupGUI() {
 
     public void test() throws AWTException, InterruptedException,
             InvocationTargetException {
-        EventQueue.invokeAndWait(() -> {
-                    onScreen = text_field.getLocationOnScreen();
-                    size = text_field.getSize();
-                });
         Robot robot = new Robot();
         robot.setAutoDelay(50);
         robot.delay(1000);
+
+        EventQueue.invokeAndWait(() -> {
+            onScreen = text_field.getLocationOnScreen();
+            size = text_field.getSize();
+        });
+
         int y = onScreen.y + (size.height / 2);
         robot.mouseMove(onScreen.x + (size.width / 2), y);
         robot.mousePress(InputEvent.BUTTON1_DOWN_MASK);

From da75a9c979985884bb62b17ec8879de13c96ddb1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Skantz <dskantz@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 10 Aug 2026 08:56:35 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 498/707] 8376296: ZGC: assert(can_align_up(size, alignment))
 failed: precondition when setting -XX:MaxVirtMemFraction=1

Reviewed-by: stefank, aboldtch
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/gc_globals.hpp    |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zAddressSpaceLimit.cpp |  4 +-
 .../arguments/TestMaxVirtMemFractionZGC.java  | 37 +++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 40 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/arguments/TestMaxVirtMemFractionZGC.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/gc_globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/gc_globals.hpp
index 14bc320e32c..336f4bd59a1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/gc_globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/gc_globals.hpp
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@
   develop(uintx, MaxVirtMemFraction, 2,                                     \
           "Maximum fraction (1/n) of virtual memory used for ergonomically "\
           "determining maximum heap size")                                  \
-          range(1, max_uintx)                                               \
+          range(1, max_juint)                                               \
                                                                             \
   product(bool, UseAdaptiveSizePolicy, true,                                \
           "Use adaptive generation sizing policies")                        \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zAddressSpaceLimit.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zAddressSpaceLimit.cpp
index 862aef89e62..2765bea4278 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zAddressSpaceLimit.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zAddressSpaceLimit.cpp
@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@
 #include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
 
 size_t ZAddressSpaceLimit::heap() {
-  // Allow the heap to occupy 50% of the address space
+  // Allow the heap to occupy [100/MaxVirtMemFraction]% of the address space
   const size_t limit = os::reserve_memory_limit() / MaxVirtMemFraction;
-  return align_up(limit, ZGranuleSize);
+  return align_down(limit, ZGranuleSize);
 }
 
 void ZAddressSpaceLimit::print_limits() {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/arguments/TestMaxVirtMemFractionZGC.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/arguments/TestMaxVirtMemFractionZGC.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2ecf6e69b2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/arguments/TestMaxVirtMemFractionZGC.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package gc.arguments;
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8376296
+ * @summary Test that ZGC does not crash with -XX:MaxVirtMemFraction=1
+ * @requires vm.debug
+ * @requires vm.gc.Z
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UseZGC -XX:MaxVirtMemFraction=1 ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+public class TestMaxVirtMemFractionZGC {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {}
+}

From 5c1ff40e29ed975b35d6602d6482be7da4c0f4dd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Timofei Pushkin <tpushkin@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 10 Aug 2026 11:16:22 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 499/707] 8389966: Remove dangling bootstrap compile reason
 name

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, amitkumar
---
 src/hotspot/share/compiler/compileTask.hpp | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compileTask.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compileTask.hpp
index 155dc4d139b..1bed0ce06c1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compileTask.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compileTask.hpp
@@ -71,9 +71,9 @@ class CompileTask : public CHeapObj<mtCompiler> {
       "tiered",
       "replay",
       "whitebox",
-      "must_be_compiled",
-      "bootstrap"
+      "must_be_compiled"
     };
+    STATIC_ASSERT(ARRAY_SIZE(reason_names) == Reason_Count);
     return reason_names[compile_reason];
   }
 

From 1a0ce5d6f405b7b976598a1c301ba3972166cfb2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 10 Aug 2026 12:30:57 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 500/707] 8387973: CollectedHeap induced promotion failure
 handling should use Atomic

Reviewed-by: ayang, iwalulya
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/collectedHeap.cpp | 37 ++++++++-----------
 src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp | 10 ++---
 2 files changed, 20 insertions(+), 27 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/collectedHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/collectedHeap.cpp
index 9db23df7ace..a99305b59a5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/collectedHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/collectedHeap.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -282,6 +282,8 @@ CollectedHeap::CollectedHeap() :
   _last_whole_heap_examined_time_ns(os::javaTimeNanos()),
   _total_collections(0),
   _total_full_collections(0),
+  NOT_PRODUCT(_promotion_failure_alot_count(0) COMMA)
+  NOT_PRODUCT(_promotion_failure_alot_gc_number(0) COMMA)
   _vmthread_cpu_time(0),
   _gc_cause(GCCause::_no_gc),
   _gc_lastcause(GCCause::_no_gc)
@@ -299,9 +301,6 @@ CollectedHeap::CollectedHeap() :
   _filler_array_max_size = align_object_size(filler_array_hdr_size() +
                                              max_len / elements_per_word);
 
-  NOT_PRODUCT(_promotion_failure_alot_count = 0;)
-  NOT_PRODUCT(_promotion_failure_alot_gc_number = 0;)
-
   if (UsePerfData) {
     EXCEPTION_MARK;
 
@@ -622,37 +621,33 @@ size_t CollectedHeap::bootstrap_max_memory() const {
 
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 
-bool CollectedHeap::promotion_should_fail(volatile size_t* count) {
-  // Access to count is not atomic; the value does not have to be exact.
+bool CollectedHeap::promotion_should_fail() {
+  // Access to count is not atomic in any way - we can loose updates, overwrite never counts, etc;
+  // the value does not have to be exact.
   if (PromotionFailureALot) {
     const size_t gc_num = total_collections();
-    const size_t elapsed_gcs = gc_num - _promotion_failure_alot_gc_number;
+    const size_t elapsed_gcs = gc_num - _promotion_failure_alot_gc_number.load_relaxed();
     if (elapsed_gcs >= PromotionFailureALotInterval) {
-      // Test for unsigned arithmetic wrap-around.
-      if (++*count >= PromotionFailureALotCount) {
-        *count = 0;
+      // To avoid the base (x86-)costs for atomic RMW operations, use explicit load/store_relaxed() operations.
+      uintx new_count = _promotion_failure_alot_count.load_relaxed() + 1;
+      if (new_count >= PromotionFailureALotCount) {
+        _promotion_failure_alot_count.store_relaxed(0);
         return true;
+      } else {
+        _promotion_failure_alot_count.store_relaxed(new_count);
       }
     }
   }
   return false;
 }
 
-bool CollectedHeap::promotion_should_fail() {
-  return promotion_should_fail(&_promotion_failure_alot_count);
-}
-
-void CollectedHeap::reset_promotion_should_fail(volatile size_t* count) {
+void CollectedHeap::reset_promotion_should_fail() {
   if (PromotionFailureALot) {
-    _promotion_failure_alot_gc_number = total_collections();
-    *count = 0;
+    _promotion_failure_alot_gc_number.store_relaxed(total_collections());
+    _promotion_failure_alot_count.store_relaxed(0);
   }
 }
 
-void CollectedHeap::reset_promotion_should_fail() {
-  reset_promotion_should_fail(&_promotion_failure_alot_count);
-}
-
 #endif  // #ifndef PRODUCT
 
 // It's the caller's responsibility to ensure glitch-freedom
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp
index 0cf47b5fafb..c1305f961fb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "memory/metaspace.hpp"
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "oops/stackChunkOop.hpp"
+#include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.hpp"
 #include "runtime/perfDataTypes.hpp"
 #include "runtime/safepoint.hpp"
@@ -129,8 +130,8 @@ class CollectedHeap : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
 
   unsigned int _total_collections;          // ... started
   unsigned int _total_full_collections;     // ... started
-  NOT_PRODUCT(volatile size_t _promotion_failure_alot_count;)
-  NOT_PRODUCT(volatile size_t _promotion_failure_alot_gc_number;)
+  NOT_PRODUCT(Atomic<size_t> _promotion_failure_alot_count;)
+  NOT_PRODUCT(Atomic<size_t> _promotion_failure_alot_gc_number;)
 
   jlong _vmthread_cpu_time;
 
@@ -503,14 +504,11 @@ class CollectedHeap : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   // Non product verification and debugging.
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   // Support for PromotionFailureALot.  Return true if it's time to cause a
-  // promotion failure.  The no-argument version uses
-  // this->_promotion_failure_alot_count as the counter.
-  bool promotion_should_fail(volatile size_t* count);
+  // promotion failure.
   bool promotion_should_fail();
 
   // Reset the PromotionFailureALot counters.  Should be called at the end of a
   // GC in which promotion failure occurred.
-  void reset_promotion_should_fail(volatile size_t* count);
   void reset_promotion_should_fail();
 #endif  // #ifndef PRODUCT
 };

From edc9c7f08cae100ac2521292b05de7e3713c5bf2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Robert Toyonaga <rtoyonaga@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 10 Aug 2026 13:22:06 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 501/707] 8331996: JFR: Add boolean check before loading event
 classes

Reviewed-by: alanb, stuefe
---
 .../share/classes/java/net/Socket.java        |  23 ++-
 .../jdk/internal/event/JFRTracing.java        |  10 +-
 .../nio/ch/AsynchronousFileChannelImpl.java   |   6 +-
 .../classes/sun/nio/ch/FileChannelImpl.java   |  10 +-
 .../ch/SimpleAsynchronousFileChannelImpl.java |   8 +-
 .../classes/sun/nio/ch/SocketChannelImpl.java |  54 +++---
 .../classes/sun/nio/ch/SocketInputStream.java |  18 +-
 .../sun/nio/ch/SocketOutputStream.java        |  12 +-
 .../WindowsAsynchronousFileChannelImpl.java   |   8 +-
 .../io/TestEventsNotLoadedWithoutJfr.java     | 166 ++++++++++++++++++
 10 files changed, 254 insertions(+), 61 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/jdk/jfr/event/io/TestEventsNotLoadedWithoutJfr.java

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/net/Socket.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/net/Socket.java
index 4c91a6ffce6..f964f9c797a 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/net/Socket.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/net/Socket.java
@@ -118,6 +118,11 @@ public class Socket implements java.io.Closeable {
     private static final int CLOSED         = 1 << 3;
     private static final int SHUT_IN        = 1 << 9;
     private static final int SHUT_OUT       = 1 << 10;
+
+    // Flag set by jdk.internal.event.JFRTracing to indicate if
+    // socket reads and writes should be traced by JFR.
+    private static boolean jfrTracing;
+
     private volatile int state;
 
     // used to coordinate creating and closing underlying socket
@@ -970,13 +975,13 @@ public int read() throws IOException {
         }
         @Override
         public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
-            if (!SocketReadEvent.enabled()) {
-                return implRead(b, off, len);
+            if (jfrTracing && SocketReadEvent.enabled()) {
+                long start = SocketReadEvent.timestamp();
+                int nbytes = implRead(b, off, len);
+                SocketReadEvent.offer(start, nbytes, parent.getRemoteSocketAddress(), getSoTimeout());
+                return nbytes;
             }
-            long start = SocketReadEvent.timestamp();
-            int nbytes = implRead(b, off, len);
-            SocketReadEvent.offer(start, nbytes, parent.getRemoteSocketAddress(), getSoTimeout());
-            return nbytes;
+            return implRead(b, off, len);
         }
 
         private int implRead(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
@@ -1083,13 +1088,13 @@ public void write(int b) throws IOException {
         }
         @Override
         public void write(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
-            if (!SocketWriteEvent.enabled()) {
+            if (jfrTracing && SocketWriteEvent.enabled()) {
+                long start = SocketWriteEvent.timestamp();
                 implWrite(b, off, len);
+                SocketWriteEvent.offer(start, len, parent.getRemoteSocketAddress());
                 return;
             }
-            long start = SocketWriteEvent.timestamp();
             implWrite(b, off, len);
-            SocketWriteEvent.offer(start, len, parent.getRemoteSocketAddress());
         }
 
         private void implWrite(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/event/JFRTracing.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/event/JFRTracing.java
index 5882b2ddc88..b12dea34d65 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/event/JFRTracing.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/event/JFRTracing.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -30,18 +30,24 @@
 import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
 import java.lang.Throwable;
 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.net.Socket;
 
 /**
  * Helper class to enable JFR tracing.
  */
 public final class JFRTracing {
 
-  public static void enable() throws NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException {
+  public static void enable() throws NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException, ClassNotFoundException {
       enable(Throwable.class);
       enable(FileInputStream.class);
       enable(FileOutputStream.class);
       enable(FileChannelImpl.class);
       enable(RandomAccessFile.class);
+      enable(Class.forName("sun.nio.ch.AsynchronousFileChannelImpl"));
+      enable(Socket.class);
+      enable(Class.forName("sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl"));
+      enable(Class.forName("sun.nio.ch.SocketInputStream"));
+      enable(Class.forName("sun.nio.ch.SocketOutputStream"));
   }
 
   private static void enable(Class<?> clazz) throws NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException {
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/AsynchronousFileChannelImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/AsynchronousFileChannelImpl.java
index 28d067ebc74..e205b1209d5 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/AsynchronousFileChannelImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/AsynchronousFileChannelImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -44,6 +44,10 @@ abstract class AsynchronousFileChannelImpl
 {
     private static final JavaNioAccess NIO_ACCESS = SharedSecrets.getJavaNioAccess();
 
+    // Flag set by jdk.internal.event.JFRTracing to indicate if
+    // file force should be traced by JFR.
+    protected static boolean jfrTracing;
+
     // close support
     protected final ReadWriteLock closeLock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
     protected volatile boolean closed;
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/FileChannelImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/FileChannelImpl.java
index a1ddcad94f5..a440e646026 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/FileChannelImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/FileChannelImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ public class FileChannelImpl
     private static final FileDispatcher nd = new FileDispatcherImpl();
 
     // Flag set by jdk.internal.event.JFRTracing to indicate if
-    // file reads and writes should be traced by JFR.
+    // file reads, writes, and force should be traced by JFR.
     private static boolean jfrTracing;
 
     // File descriptor
@@ -635,13 +635,13 @@ private void implForce(boolean metaData) throws IOException {
 
     @Override
     public void force(boolean metaData) throws IOException {
-        if (!FileForceEvent.enabled()) {
+        if (jfrTracing && FileForceEvent.enabled()) {
+            long start = FileForceEvent.timestamp();
             implForce(metaData);
+            FileForceEvent.offer(start, path, metaData);
             return;
         }
-        long start = FileForceEvent.timestamp();
         implForce(metaData);
-        FileForceEvent.offer(start, path, metaData);
     }
 
     // Assume at first that the underlying kernel supports sendfile/equivalent;
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/SimpleAsynchronousFileChannelImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/SimpleAsynchronousFileChannelImpl.java
index 13de40e9a24..6a28e3bafcc 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/SimpleAsynchronousFileChannelImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/SimpleAsynchronousFileChannelImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -176,13 +176,13 @@ private void implForce(boolean metaData) throws IOException {
 
     @Override
     public void force(boolean metaData) throws IOException {
-        if (!FileForceEvent.enabled()) {
+        if (jfrTracing && FileForceEvent.enabled()) {
+            long start = FileForceEvent.timestamp();
             implForce(metaData);
+            FileForceEvent.offer(start, path, metaData);
             return;
         }
-        long start = FileForceEvent.timestamp();
         implForce(metaData);
-        FileForceEvent.offer(start, path, metaData);
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/SocketChannelImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/SocketChannelImpl.java
index 010b1832190..6b4587f17fa 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/SocketChannelImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/SocketChannelImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -76,6 +76,10 @@ class SocketChannelImpl
     // Used to make native read and write calls
     private static final NativeDispatcher nd = new SocketDispatcher();
 
+    // Flag set by jdk.internal.event.JFRTracing to indicate if
+    // socket reads and writes should be traced by JFR.
+    private static boolean jfrTracing;
+
     // The protocol family of the socket
     private final ProtocolFamily family;
 
@@ -484,13 +488,13 @@ private long implRead(ByteBuffer[] dsts, int offset, int length)
 
     @Override
     public int read(ByteBuffer buf) throws IOException {
-        if (!SocketReadEvent.enabled()) {
-            return implRead(buf);
+        if (jfrTracing && SocketReadEvent.enabled()) {
+            long start = SocketReadEvent.timestamp();
+            int nbytes = implRead(buf);
+            SocketReadEvent.offer(start, nbytes, remoteAddress(), 0);
+            return nbytes;
         }
-        long start = SocketReadEvent.timestamp();
-        int nbytes = implRead(buf);
-        SocketReadEvent.offer(start, nbytes, remoteAddress(), 0);
-        return nbytes;
+        return implRead(buf);
     }
 
 
@@ -498,13 +502,13 @@ public int read(ByteBuffer buf) throws IOException {
     public long read(ByteBuffer[] dsts, int offset, int length)
         throws IOException
     {
-        if (!SocketReadEvent.enabled()) {
-            return implRead(dsts, offset, length);
+        if (jfrTracing && SocketReadEvent.enabled()) {
+            long start = SocketReadEvent.timestamp();
+            long nbytes = implRead(dsts, offset, length);
+            SocketReadEvent.offer(start, nbytes, remoteAddress(), 0);
+            return nbytes;
         }
-        long start = SocketReadEvent.timestamp();
-        long nbytes = implRead(dsts, offset, length);
-        SocketReadEvent.offer(start, nbytes, remoteAddress(), 0);
-        return nbytes;
+        return implRead(dsts, offset, length);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -609,26 +613,26 @@ private long implWrite(ByteBuffer[] srcs, int offset, int length)
 
     @Override
     public int write(ByteBuffer buf) throws IOException {
-        if (!SocketWriteEvent.enabled()) {
-            return implWrite(buf);
+        if (jfrTracing && SocketWriteEvent.enabled()) {
+            long start = SocketWriteEvent.timestamp();
+            int nbytes = implWrite(buf);
+            SocketWriteEvent.offer(start, nbytes, remoteAddress());
+            return nbytes;
         }
-        long start = SocketWriteEvent.timestamp();
-        int nbytes = implWrite(buf);
-        SocketWriteEvent.offer(start, nbytes, remoteAddress());
-        return nbytes;
+        return implWrite(buf);
     }
 
     @Override
     public long write(ByteBuffer[] srcs, int offset, int length)
         throws IOException
     {
-        if (!SocketWriteEvent.enabled()) {
-            return implWrite(srcs, offset, length);
+        if (jfrTracing && SocketWriteEvent.enabled()) {
+            long start = SocketWriteEvent.timestamp();
+            long nbytes = implWrite(srcs, offset, length);
+            SocketWriteEvent.offer(start, nbytes, remoteAddress());
+            return nbytes;
         }
-        long start = SocketWriteEvent.timestamp();
-        long nbytes = implWrite(srcs, offset, length);
-        SocketWriteEvent.offer(start, nbytes, remoteAddress());
-        return nbytes;
+        return implWrite(srcs, offset, length);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/SocketInputStream.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/SocketInputStream.java
index 8412f098b6c..48f18c6654c 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/SocketInputStream.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/SocketInputStream.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -35,6 +35,10 @@
  * An InputStream that reads bytes from a socket channel.
  */
 class SocketInputStream extends InputStream {
+    // Flag set by jdk.internal.event.JFRTracing to indicate if
+    // socket reads should be traced by JFR.
+    private static boolean jfrTracing;
+
     private final SocketChannelImpl sc;
     private final IntSupplier timeoutSupplier;
 
@@ -74,13 +78,13 @@ private int implRead(byte[] b, int off, int len, int timeout) throws IOException
     @Override
     public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         int timeout = timeoutSupplier.getAsInt();
-        if (!SocketReadEvent.enabled()) {
-            return implRead(b, off, len, timeout);
+        if (jfrTracing && SocketReadEvent.enabled()) {
+            long start = SocketReadEvent.timestamp();
+            int n = implRead(b, off, len, timeout);
+            SocketReadEvent.offer(start, n, sc.remoteAddress(), timeout);
+            return n;
         }
-        long start = SocketReadEvent.timestamp();
-        int n = implRead(b, off, len, timeout);
-        SocketReadEvent.offer(start, n, sc.remoteAddress(), timeout);
-        return n;
+        return implRead(b, off, len, timeout);
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/SocketOutputStream.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/SocketOutputStream.java
index 3c9ac6314ea..e7db1f40a5d 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/SocketOutputStream.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/SocketOutputStream.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -33,6 +33,10 @@
  * An OutputStream that writes bytes to a socket channel.
  */
 class SocketOutputStream extends OutputStream {
+    // Flag set by jdk.internal.event.JFRTracing to indicate if
+    // socket writes should be traced by JFR.
+    private static boolean jfrTracing;
+
     private final SocketChannelImpl sc;
 
     /**
@@ -57,13 +61,13 @@ public void write(int b) throws IOException {
 
     @Override
     public void write(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
-        if (!SocketWriteEvent.enabled()) {
+        if (jfrTracing && SocketWriteEvent.enabled()) {
+            long start = SocketWriteEvent.timestamp();
             sc.blockingWriteFully(b, off, len);
+            SocketWriteEvent.offer(start, len, sc.remoteAddress());
             return;
         }
-        long start = SocketWriteEvent.timestamp();
         sc.blockingWriteFully(b, off, len);
-        SocketWriteEvent.offer(start, len, sc.remoteAddress());
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/ch/WindowsAsynchronousFileChannelImpl.java b/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/ch/WindowsAsynchronousFileChannelImpl.java
index b8fc058bb29..39c40e0e9c9 100644
--- a/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/ch/WindowsAsynchronousFileChannelImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/ch/WindowsAsynchronousFileChannelImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -216,13 +216,13 @@ private void implForce(boolean metaData) throws IOException {
 
     @Override
     public void force(boolean metaData) throws IOException {
-        if (!FileForceEvent.enabled()) {
+        if (jfrTracing && FileForceEvent.enabled()) {
+            long start = FileForceEvent.timestamp();
             implForce(metaData);
+            FileForceEvent.offer(start, path, metaData);
             return;
         }
-        long start = FileForceEvent.timestamp();
         implForce(metaData);
-        FileForceEvent.offer(start, path, metaData);
     }
 
     // -- file locking --
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/event/io/TestEventsNotLoadedWithoutJfr.java b/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/event/io/TestEventsNotLoadedWithoutJfr.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..27b01b39486
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/jfr/event/io/TestEventsNotLoadedWithoutJfr.java
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package jdk.jfr.event.io;
+
+import static java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption.READ;
+import static java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption.WRITE;
+import static jdk.test.lib.Asserts.assertEquals;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
+import java.net.ServerSocket;
+import java.net.Socket;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousFileChannel;
+
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @summary Verify that file and socket event classes are not loaded when JFR is off.
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @requires vm.hasJFR
+ * @library /test/lib /test/jdk
+ * @run main/othervm jdk.jfr.event.io.TestEventsNotLoadedWithoutJfr
+ */
+public class TestEventsNotLoadedWithoutJfr {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
+        List<String> a = new ArrayList<>();
+        a.add("-Xlog:class+load=trace");
+        a.add(TestEventsNotLoadedWithoutJfr.Helper.class.getName());
+        Process p = ProcessTools.createTestJavaProcessBuilder(a).start();
+        OutputAnalyzer output = new OutputAnalyzer(p);
+        output.waitFor();
+        output.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+        output.shouldNotContain("jdk.internal.event.FileForceEvent");
+        output.shouldNotContain("jdk.internal.event.SocketWriteEvent");
+        output.shouldNotContain("jdk.internal.event.SocketReadEvent");
+    }
+
+    public static class Helper {
+        private static final byte[] SERVER_MSG = "server message".getBytes();
+        private static final byte[] CLIENT_MSG = "client message".getBytes();
+
+        public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
+            exerciseFileForce();
+            exerciseSocket();
+            exerciseSocketChannelImpl();
+            exerciseSocketInputStream();
+        }
+
+        private static void exerciseFileForce() throws IOException, ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
+            Path tmp = Files.createTempFile(Path.of(""), "TestEventsNotLoadedWithoutJfr", ".tmp");
+            ByteBuffer buffer = StandardCharsets.UTF_8.encode("short");
+            buffer.flip();
+
+            // Check both AsynchronousFileChannel and FileChannelImpl
+            try (AsynchronousFileChannel afc = AsynchronousFileChannel.open(tmp, READ, WRITE)) {
+                int expectedWritten = buffer.remaining();
+                int actualWritten = afc.write(buffer, 0).get();
+                assertEquals(actualWritten, expectedWritten, "Unexpected amount written.");
+                afc.force(true);
+            }
+            buffer.flip();
+            try (FileChannel fc = FileChannel.open(tmp, READ, WRITE)) {
+                int expectedWritten = buffer.remaining();
+                int actualWritten = fc.write(buffer);
+                assertEquals(actualWritten, expectedWritten, "Unexpected amount written.");
+                fc.force(true);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Exercises inner Socket$SocketInputStream / Socket$SocketOutputStream
+        private static void exerciseSocket() throws IOException {
+            try (ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket()) {
+                ss.bind(new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getLoopbackAddress(), 0));
+
+                try (Socket client = new Socket()) {
+                    client.connect(ss.getLocalSocketAddress());
+                    try (Socket server = ss.accept();
+                         OutputStream out = server.getOutputStream()) {
+                        out.write(SERVER_MSG);
+                    }
+                    try (InputStream in = client.getInputStream()) {
+                        byte[] buf = new byte[SERVER_MSG.length];
+                        in.read(buf);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static void exerciseSocketChannelImpl() throws IOException {
+            try (ServerSocketChannel ssc = ServerSocketChannel.open()) {
+                ssc.bind(new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getLoopbackAddress(), 0));
+
+                try (SocketChannel client = SocketChannel.open()) {
+                    client.connect(ssc.getLocalAddress());
+                    // Exercise write(ByteBuffer[], int, int)
+                    client.write(new ByteBuffer[]{ByteBuffer.wrap(CLIENT_MSG)}, 0, 1);
+                    try (SocketChannel server = ssc.accept()) {
+                        // Exercise write(ByteBuffer) and read(ByteBuffer)
+                        ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(CLIENT_MSG.length);
+                        server.read(buf);
+                        server.write(ByteBuffer.wrap(SERVER_MSG));
+                    }
+                    // Exercise and read(ByteBuffer[], int, int)
+                    ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(SERVER_MSG.length);
+                    client.read(new ByteBuffer[]{buf}, 0, 1);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static void exerciseSocketInputStream() throws IOException {
+            try (ServerSocketChannel ssc = ServerSocketChannel.open()) {
+                ssc.bind(new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getLoopbackAddress(), 0));
+
+                try (SocketChannel client = SocketChannel.open()) {
+                    client.connect(ssc.getLocalAddress());
+                    try (SocketChannel server = ssc.accept();
+                         OutputStream out = server.socket().getOutputStream()) {
+                        out.write(SERVER_MSG);
+                    }
+                    try (InputStream in = client.socket().getInputStream()) {
+                        byte[] buf = new byte[SERVER_MSG.length];
+                        in.read(buf);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+

From 1f1f460b3fad8da993989f09eb1b9c177efe5d73 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jaikiran Pai <jpai@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 10 Aug 2026 15:32:07 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 502/707] 8383768: java/net/Socket/SocketReadInterruptTest.java
 failed with SocketTimeoutException: Read timed out

Reviewed-by: dfuchs
---
 .../net/Socket/SocketReadInterruptTest.java   | 241 +++++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 153 insertions(+), 88 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/Socket/SocketReadInterruptTest.java b/test/jdk/java/net/Socket/SocketReadInterruptTest.java
index 39bcb24fa25..e4134587f46 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/Socket/SocketReadInterruptTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/Socket/SocketReadInterruptTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -21,58 +21,76 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
-/**
+/*
  * @test
  * @bug 8237858
- * @summary SocketImpl.socketAccept() handles EINTR incorrectly
+ * @summary Verify that when an application is blocked in InputStream.read() on a Socket's
+ *          input stream and the native thread doing the read() on the socket's file descriptor
+ *          receives a EINTR, then it won't result in the application receiving an exception
+ *          from InputStream.read().
  * @requires (os.family != "windows")
  * @compile NativeThread.java
- * @run main/othervm/native SocketReadInterruptTest 2000 3000
+ *
+ * @comment the second argument to the SocketReadInterruptTest application is a
+ *          reasonably large socket read timeout to exercise a timed wait for the
+ *          InputStream.read() call
+ * @run main/othervm/native SocketReadInterruptTest 2000 1800000
+ *
+ * @comment the second argument, "0", to the SocketReadInterruptTest application is
+ *          to exercise the InputStream.read() without a timeout
  * @run main/othervm/native SocketReadInterruptTest 2000 0
  */
+
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
 import java.net.ServerSocket;
-
-import java.net.*;
+import java.net.Socket;
 import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
 import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
 import java.util.concurrent.Future;
 
+import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.US_ASCII;
+
 public class SocketReadInterruptTest {
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         System.loadLibrary("NativeThread");
-        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
         InetAddress loopback = InetAddress.getLoopbackAddress();
-
-        try ( ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(0, 50, loopback);
-            Socket s1 = new Socket(loopback, ss.getLocalPort());) {
-            Server server = new Server(ss, Integer.parseInt(args[0]));
-            Future<Result> f1 = executor.submit(server);
-
-            Client client = new Client(s1, Integer.parseInt(args[1]));
-            Future<Result> f2 = executor.submit(client);
-            long threadId = client.getID();
-
+        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
+        try (ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(0, 0, loopback);
+             Socket s1 = new Socket(loopback, ss.getLocalPort())) {
+
+            // amount of time to wait before writing a response on the
+            // socket's output stream
+            int delayBeforeWrite = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
+            Server server = new Server(ss, (InetSocketAddress) s1.getLocalSocketAddress(),
+                    delayBeforeWrite);
+            Future<Void> f1 = executor.submit(server);
+
+            // read timeout to be configured on the socket before doing a InputStream.read()
+            int readTimeout = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);
+            Client client = new Client(s1, readTimeout);
+            Future<Void> f2 = executor.submit(client);
+            // wait for the client thread to reach a point where it is going to call
+            // the socket input stream's read()
+            client.ready.join();
+            // wait just some more for the client thread to block on InputStream.read(), before
+            // we send a signal to interrupt that thread
             sleep(200);
-            System.out.println("Sending SIGPIPE to client thread.");
-            if (NativeThread.signal(threadId, NativeThread.SIGPIPE) != 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("Failed to interrupt the thread.");
-            }
-
-            Result r1 = f1.get();
-            if (r1.status == Result.FAIL) {
-                throw r1.exception;
-            }
-
-            Result r2 = f2.get();
-            if (r2.status == Result.FAIL) {
-                throw r2.exception;
+            long nativeTheadId = client.getThreadId();
+            System.out.println("Sending SIGPIPE to client thread " + nativeTheadId);
+            if (NativeThread.signal(nativeTheadId, NativeThread.SIGPIPE) != 0) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Failed to interrupt the thread");
             }
+            // wait for the client to complete
+            f2.get();
+            // wait for the server to complete
+            f1.get();
             System.out.println("OK!");
         } finally {
             executor.shutdown();
@@ -87,93 +105,140 @@ private static void sleep(long time) {
         }
     }
 
-    static class Client implements Callable<Result> {
+    static class Client implements Callable<Void> {
 
-        private volatile long threadId;
-        private final Socket client;
-        private final int timeout;
+        // completes right before the Client is about to initiate
+        // a blocking read() call on the socket's InputStream
+        private final CompletableFuture<Void> ready = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        private final Socket socket;
+        private final int readTimeout;
+        private volatile long nativeThreadId = -1;
 
-        public Client(Socket s, int timeout) {
-            client = s;
-            this.timeout = timeout;
+        public Client(Socket s, int readTimeout) {
+            this.socket = s;
+            this.readTimeout = readTimeout;
         }
 
         @Override
-        public Result call() {
-            threadId = NativeThread.getID();
-            byte[] arr = new byte[64];
-            try ( InputStream in = client.getInputStream();) {
-                client.setSoTimeout(timeout);
-                in.read(arr);
-                return new Result(Result.SUCCESS, null);
-            } catch (IOException ex) {
-                close();
-                return new Result(Result.FAIL, ex);
+        public Void call() throws Exception {
+            try {
+                doCall();
+                return null;
+            } catch (Throwable t) {
+                if (!ready.isDone()) {
+                    ready.completeExceptionally(t);
+                }
+                System.err.println("Exception in client: " + t);
+                t.printStackTrace();
+                throw t;
             }
         }
 
-        long getID() {
-            while (threadId == 0) {
-                sleep(5);
+        private void doCall() throws Exception {
+            // capture the native thread id of the current thread
+            nativeThreadId = NativeThread.getID();
+            // set a timeout and then read from the socket's input stream
+            try (InputStream in = socket.getInputStream()) {
+                socket.setSoTimeout(readTimeout);
+                int totalRead = 0;
+                int n = 0;
+                // let the main thread know that we are about to do a
+                // InputStream.read() on the socket
+                ready.complete(null);
+                while ((n = in.read(new byte[100])) != -1) {
+                    totalRead += n;
+                }
+                System.out.println("read() completed with " + totalRead + " bytes");
+                // just the byte count check is OK
+                if (totalRead != Server.RESPONSE.length) {
+                    throw new AssertionError("unexpected number of bytes read: "
+                            + totalRead + ", expected: " + Server.RESPONSE.length);
+                }
             }
-            return threadId;
         }
 
-        void close() {
-            if (!client.isClosed()) {
-                try {
-                    client.close();
-                } catch (IOException ex) {
-                    // ignore the exception.
-                }
+        /**
+         * Returns the id of thread which is executing the {@link #call()} method.
+         * Must only be called after {@link #ready} has completed normally.
+         */
+        private long getThreadId() {
+            if (!ready.isDone()) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Client thread is not yet ready");
+            }
+            if (ready.isCompletedExceptionally()) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Client's native thread id unavailable",
+                        ready.exceptionNow());
             }
+            return nativeThreadId;
         }
     }
 
-    static class Server implements Callable<Result> {
-
+    static class Server implements Callable<Void> {
+        private static final byte[] RESPONSE = "This is just a test string.".getBytes(US_ASCII);
         private final ServerSocket serverSocket;
-        private final int timeout;
-
-        public Server(ServerSocket ss, int timeout) {
+        private final InetSocketAddress expectedClientAddr;
+        private final int delayBeforeWrite;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructs a server
+         *
+         * @param ss                 The ServerSocket
+         * @param expectedClientAddr The InetSocketAddress of the socket, constructed in this
+         *                           test, from which a connect() is expected
+         * @param delayBeforeWrite   delay in milliseconds before the response is written by the
+         *                           server on the accepted socket
+         */
+        public Server(ServerSocket ss, InetSocketAddress expectedClientAddr, int delayBeforeWrite) {
             serverSocket = ss;
-            this.timeout = timeout;
+            this.expectedClientAddr = expectedClientAddr;
+            this.delayBeforeWrite = delayBeforeWrite;
         }
 
         @Override
-        public Result call() {
+        public Void call() throws Exception {
             try {
-                try ( Socket client = serverSocket.accept();  OutputStream outputStream = client.getOutputStream();) {
-                    sleep(timeout);
-                    outputStream.write("This is just a test string.".getBytes());
-                    return new Result(Result.SUCCESS, null);
-                }
-            } catch (IOException e) {
-                close();
-                return new Result(Result.FAIL, e);
+                doCall();
+                return null;
+            } catch (Throwable t) {
+                System.err.println("Exception in server: " + t);
+                t.printStackTrace();
+                throw t;
             }
         }
 
-        public void close() {
-            if (!serverSocket.isClosed()) {
-                try {
-                    serverSocket.close();
-                } catch (IOException ex) {
+        private void doCall() throws Exception {
+            System.out.println("server listening at " + serverSocket);
+            while (true) {
+                System.out.println("waiting for connection from " + this.expectedClientAddr);
+                Socket client = this.serverSocket.accept();
+                System.out.println("accepted connection from " + client);
+                // if the connection is from some unexpected client, then close
+                // it and wait for a connection from this test's client
+                if (!this.expectedClientAddr.equals(client.getRemoteSocketAddress())) {
+                    System.out.println("closing unexpected connection from " + client);
+                    closeQuietly(client);
+                    continue;
                 }
+                sendResponse(client);
+                // we don't expect any more connection from this test
+                return;
             }
         }
-    }
 
-    static class Result {
-
-        static final int SUCCESS = 0;
-        static final int FAIL = 1;
-        final int status;
-        final Exception exception;
+        private static void closeQuietly(Socket socket) {
+            try {
+                socket.close();
+            } catch (IOException ioe) {
+                // ignore
+            }
+        }
 
-        public Result(int status, Exception ex) {
-            this.status = status;
-            exception = ex;
+        private void sendResponse(final Socket client) throws IOException {
+            try (OutputStream outputStream = client.getOutputStream()) {
+                sleep(delayBeforeWrite);
+                System.out.println("Sending " + RESPONSE.length + " bytes of response to " + client);
+                outputStream.write(RESPONSE);
+            }
         }
     }
 }

From b4a43ca56d409da61cf2e7d0b6b2f4e2b94498b3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Manuel=20H=C3=A4ssig?= <mhaessig@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 10 Aug 2026 17:05:45 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 503/707] 8380453: Add the hotspot compiler testlibrary to the
 test-image

Reviewed-by: erikj
---
 make/Main.gmk                                 | 14 +++-
 .../hotspot/test/BuildCompilerTestlibrary.gmk | 76 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 89 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 make/hotspot/test/BuildCompilerTestlibrary.gmk

diff --git a/make/Main.gmk b/make/Main.gmk
index 198403844c3..f274fcf6e59 100644
--- a/make/Main.gmk
+++ b/make/Main.gmk
@@ -751,6 +751,18 @@ $(eval $(call SetupTarget, test-image-lib, \
     DEPS := build-test-lib, \
 ))
 
+$(eval $(call SetupTarget, build-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary, \
+    MAKEFILE := hotspot/test/BuildCompilerTestlibrary, \
+    TARGET := build-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary, \
+    DEPS := exploded-image build-test-lib, \
+))
+
+$(eval $(call SetupTarget, test-image-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary, \
+    MAKEFILE := hotspot/test/BuildCompilerTestlibrary, \
+    TARGET := test-image-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary, \
+    DEPS := build-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary, \
+))
+
 $(eval $(call SetupTarget, build-test-setup-aot, \
     MAKEFILE := test/BuildTestSetupAOT, \
     DEPS := interim-langtools exploded-image, \
@@ -1303,7 +1315,7 @@ all-docs-bundles: docs-jdk-bundles docs-javase-bundles docs-reference-bundles
 test-image: prepare-test-image test-image-jdk-jtreg-native \
     test-image-demos-jdk test-image-libtest-jtreg-native \
     test-image-lib test-image-lib-native \
-    test-image-setup-aot
+    test-image-setup-aot test-image-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary
 
 ifneq ($(JVM_TEST_IMAGE_TARGETS), )
   # If JVM_TEST_IMAGE_TARGETS is externally defined, use it instead of the
diff --git a/make/hotspot/test/BuildCompilerTestlibrary.gmk b/make/hotspot/test/BuildCompilerTestlibrary.gmk
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0da107229fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/make/hotspot/test/BuildCompilerTestlibrary.gmk
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+#
+# This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+# under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+# published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+# particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+# by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+#
+# This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+# version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+# accompanied this code).
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+# 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+# Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+#
+# Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+# or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+# questions.
+#
+
+include MakeFileStart.gmk
+
+################################################################################
+# This file builds the Hotspot compiler testlibrary.
+################################################################################
+
+include CopyFiles.gmk
+include JavaCompilation.gmk
+
+###############################################################################
+
+COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_BASEDIR := $(TOPDIR)/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib
+COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_SUPPORT := $(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/test/compiler-testlibrary
+COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_JAR := $(COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_SUPPORT)/compiler-testlibrary.jar
+TEST_LIB_SUPPORT := $(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/test/lib
+WB_CP := $(TEST_LIB_SUPPORT)/wb_classes
+TEST_LIB_CP := $(TEST_LIB_SUPPORT)/test-lib_classes
+
+$(eval $(call SetupJavaCompilation, BUILD_COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY, \
+    TARGET_RELEASE := $(TARGET_RELEASE_NEWJDK_UPGRADED), \
+    SRC := $(COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_BASEDIR), \
+    BIN := $(COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_SUPPORT)/classes, \
+    JAR := $(COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_JAR), \
+    JAVAC_FLAGS := -cp $(WB_CP) \
+        -cp $(TEST_LIB_CP) \
+        --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.math=ALL-UNNAMED, \
+))
+
+TARGETS += $(BUILD_COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY)
+
+build-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary: $(TARGETS)
+
+################################################################################
+# Targets for building test-image.
+################################################################################
+
+# Copy to hotspot jtreg test image
+$(eval $(call SetupCopyFiles, COPY_COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY, \
+    DEST := $(TEST_IMAGE_DIR)/compiler-testlibrary, \
+    FILES := $(COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_JAR), \
+))
+
+IMAGE_TARGETS += $(COPY_COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY)
+
+test-image-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary: $(IMAGE_TARGETS)
+
+.PHONY: build-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary test-image-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary
+
+################################################################################
+
+include MakeFileEnd.gmk

From 7fd3f27741f74d592e2e7b10e420e5c2ac3467f9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 10 Aug 2026 17:21:05 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 504/707] 8390069: compiler/codegen/ShiftByZero.java fails in
 release config

Reviewed-by: thartmann, epeter, mchevalier
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/codegen/ShiftByZero.java | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/codegen/ShiftByZero.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/codegen/ShiftByZero.java
index fe51a9e06fd..60f7418e2b9 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/codegen/ShiftByZero.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/codegen/ShiftByZero.java
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
  * @bug 8288445 8389892
  * @summary Test shift by 0
  * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation ${test.main.class}
- * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=100000 ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=100000 ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.codegen;

From f332e84d9baad8dff97019ee95db2b2c9a31a903 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yunbo Zhang <benshuai5d@163.com>
Date: Mon, 10 Aug 2026 18:26:39 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 505/707] 8388385: CDS dumping fails with circular JAR manifest
 Class-Path

Reviewed-by: iklam, matsaave
---
 src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.cpp    |  2 +-
 .../ClassPathAttrCircularReference.java       | 59 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 60 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/ClassPathAttrCircularReference.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.cpp
index 1136c0cf9a2..aaff14d2b3a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.cpp
@@ -633,7 +633,7 @@ void AOTClassLocationConfig::add_class_location(JavaThread* current, GrowableCla
         // other via cpattr.
         bool found_duplicate = false;
         for (int i = boot_cp_start_index(); i < tmp_array.length(); i++) {
-          if (strcmp(tmp_array.at(i)->path(), libname) == 0) {
+          if (os::same_files(tmp_array.at(i)->path(), libname)) {
             found_duplicate = true;
             break;
           }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/ClassPathAttrCircularReference.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/ClassPathAttrCircularReference.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..816a8934db0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/ClassPathAttrCircularReference.java
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Yunbo Zhang. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8388385
+ * @summary CDS dumping should not loop on circular JAR manifest Class-Path entries
+ * @requires vm.cds
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run driver/timeout=60 ClassPathAttrCircularReference
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSOptions;
+import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSTestUtils;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
+
+public class ClassPathAttrCircularReference {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        createJar("A.jar", "./B.jar");
+        createJar("B.jar", "A.jar");
+
+        CDSOptions opts = (new CDSOptions())
+                .addPrefix("-cp", "A.jar")
+                .addSuffix("-Xlog:class+path=info");
+        CDSTestUtils.createArchiveAndCheck(opts)
+                .shouldContain("path [2] =")
+                .shouldNotContain("path [3] =");
+    }
+
+    private static void createJar(String jarName, String classPath) throws Exception {
+        String manifest = "Manifest-Version: 1.0\n" +
+                          "Class-Path: " + classPath + "\n";
+        ClassFileInstaller.writeJar(jarName,
+                                    ClassFileInstaller.Manifest.fromString(manifest));
+    }
+}

From 1c3df502091880b5ea355b46b59dca559decf308 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Chen Liang <liach@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 10 Aug 2026 18:34:15 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 506/707] 8388343: Reevaluate the enable-preview in memory
 compilation from VM arguments

Reviewed-by: kvn, coleenp
---
 .../test/lib/compiler/InMemoryJavaCompiler.java  | 16 ----------------
 1 file changed, 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/compiler/InMemoryJavaCompiler.java b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/compiler/InMemoryJavaCompiler.java
index ffbd5d7289a..7a289bbcce5 100644
--- a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/compiler/InMemoryJavaCompiler.java
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/compiler/InMemoryJavaCompiler.java
@@ -258,22 +258,6 @@ public static byte[] compile(String className, CharSequence sourceCode, String..
                 opts.add(opt);
             }
         }
-
-        // Add in preview mode if -Dtest.java.opts
-        String testOpts = System.getProperty("test.java.opts", "");
-        if (testOpts.contains("--enable-preview")) {
-            opts.add("--enable-preview");
-            opts.add("-source");
-            opts.add(Integer.toString(Runtime.version().feature()));
-        } else {
-            String preview = System.getProperty("test.enable.preview", "");
-            if (preview.equals("true")) {
-                opts.add("--enable-preview");
-                opts.add("-source");
-                opts.add(Integer.toString(Runtime.version().feature()));
-            }
-        }
-
         try (FileManagerWrapper fileManager = new FileManagerWrapper(file, moduleOverride)) {
             CompilationTask task = getCompiler().getTask(null, fileManager, null, opts, null, Arrays.asList(file));
             if (!task.call()) {

From 77e09a3d6de9a7389ebc93ac60ff452500a68516 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matias Saavedra Silva <matsaave@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 10 Aug 2026 18:51:08 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 507/707] 8389840: Verifier is not setting flagThisUninit when
 uninitializedThis is on the stack

Reviewed-by: liach, fparain, heidinga
---
 src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapFrame.hpp |  5 ++
 src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapTable.cpp | 48 ++++++++----
 src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapTable.hpp |  8 +-
 .../verifier/StrictInstanceFieldsTest.java    |  6 +-
 .../verifier/UninitThisOnStack.jasm           | 77 +++++++++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 129 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitThisOnStack.jasm

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapFrame.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapFrame.hpp
index 3a92dcd9b47..227f3b618e0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapFrame.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapFrame.hpp
@@ -293,6 +293,11 @@ class StackMapFrame : public ResourceObj {
           "Operand stack overflow");
       return;
     }
+
+    if (type.is_uninitialized_this()) {
+      _flags |= FLAG_THIS_UNINIT;
+    }
+
     _stack[_stack_size++] = type;
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapTable.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapTable.cpp
index 3d15b4e2d28..10f49d83b61 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapTable.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapTable.cpp
@@ -181,6 +181,15 @@ StackMapReader::StackMapReader(ClassVerifier* v, StackMapStream* stream,
     // There's no stackmap table present. Frame count and size are 0.
     _frame_count = 0;
   }
+
+  VerificationType* locals = init_frame->locals();
+  _uninit_in_prev_frame_locals = false;
+  for (int i = 0; i < init_frame->locals_size(); i++) {
+    if (locals[i].is_uninitialized_this()) {
+      _uninit_in_prev_frame_locals = true;
+      break;
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 int32_t StackMapReader::chop(
@@ -200,7 +209,8 @@ int32_t StackMapReader::chop(
 
 #define CHECK_NT CHECK_(VerificationType::bogus_type())
 
-VerificationType StackMapReader::parse_verification_type(u1* flags, TRAPS) {
+VerificationType StackMapReader::parse_verification_type(u1* flags, bool parsing_locals, TRAPS) {
+  assert(flags != nullptr, "must be initialized");
   u1 tag = _stream->get_u1(CHECK_NT);
   if (tag < (u1)ITEM_UninitializedThis) {
     return VerificationType::from_tag(tag);
@@ -218,8 +228,12 @@ VerificationType StackMapReader::parse_verification_type(u1* flags, TRAPS) {
     return VerificationType::reference_type(klass_name);
   }
   if (tag == ITEM_UninitializedThis) {
-    if (flags != nullptr) {
-      *flags |= FLAG_THIS_UNINIT;
+    *flags |= FLAG_THIS_UNINIT;
+    // An uninitializedThis in the locals array can sometimes be preserved
+    // between frames while uninitializedThis in the stack cannot as the stack
+    // is cleared. Chop and Full frames need special handling.
+    if (parsing_locals) {
+      _uninit_in_prev_frame_locals = true;
     }
     return VerificationType::uninitialized_this_type();
   }
@@ -326,8 +340,11 @@ StackMapFrame* StackMapReader::next_helper(TRAPS) {
       offset = _prev_frame->offset() + frame_type + 1;
       locals = _prev_frame->locals();
     }
+
+    u1 flags = (u1)_uninit_in_prev_frame_locals;
+
     frame = new StackMapFrame(
-      offset, _prev_frame->flags(), _prev_frame->locals_size(), 0,
+      offset, flags, _prev_frame->locals_size(), 0,
       _max_locals, _max_stack, locals, nullptr,
       _assert_unset_fields_buffer, _verifier);
     if (_first && locals != nullptr) {
@@ -352,7 +369,8 @@ StackMapFrame* StackMapReader::next_helper(TRAPS) {
     VerificationType* stack = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(
       THREAD, VerificationType, 2);
     u2 stack_size = 1;
-    stack[0] = parse_verification_type(nullptr, CHECK_VERIFY_(_verifier, nullptr));
+    u1 flags = _uninit_in_prev_frame_locals;
+    stack[0] = parse_verification_type(&flags, false /*parsing_locals*/, CHECK_VERIFY_(_verifier, nullptr));
     if (stack[0].is_category2()) {
       stack[1] = stack[0].to_category2_2nd();
       stack_size = 2;
@@ -360,7 +378,7 @@ StackMapFrame* StackMapReader::next_helper(TRAPS) {
     check_verification_type_array_size(
       stack_size, _max_stack, CHECK_VERIFY_(_verifier, nullptr));
     frame = new StackMapFrame(
-      offset, _prev_frame->flags(), _prev_frame->locals_size(), stack_size,
+      offset, flags, _prev_frame->locals_size(), stack_size,
       _max_locals, _max_stack, locals, stack,
       _assert_unset_fields_buffer, _verifier);
     if (_first && locals != nullptr) {
@@ -394,7 +412,8 @@ StackMapFrame* StackMapReader::next_helper(TRAPS) {
     VerificationType* stack = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(
       THREAD, VerificationType, 2);
     u2 stack_size = 1;
-    stack[0] = parse_verification_type(nullptr, CHECK_VERIFY_(_verifier, nullptr));
+    u1 flags = _uninit_in_prev_frame_locals;
+    stack[0] = parse_verification_type(&flags, false /*parsing_locals*/, CHECK_VERIFY_(_verifier, nullptr));
     if (stack[0].is_category2()) {
       stack[1] = stack[0].to_category2_2nd();
       stack_size = 2;
@@ -402,7 +421,7 @@ StackMapFrame* StackMapReader::next_helper(TRAPS) {
     check_verification_type_array_size(
       stack_size, _max_stack, CHECK_VERIFY_(_verifier, nullptr));
     frame = new StackMapFrame(
-      offset, _prev_frame->flags(), _prev_frame->locals_size(), stack_size,
+      offset, flags, _prev_frame->locals_size(), stack_size,
       _max_locals, _max_stack, locals, stack,
       _assert_unset_fields_buffer, _verifier);
     if (_first && locals != nullptr) {
@@ -418,7 +437,7 @@ StackMapFrame* StackMapReader::next_helper(TRAPS) {
     int length = _prev_frame->locals_size();
     int chops = SAME_FRAME_EXTENDED - frame_type;
     int new_length = length;
-    u1 flags = _prev_frame->flags();
+    u1 flags = (u1)_uninit_in_prev_frame_locals;
     assert(chops == 0 || (frame_type >= CHOP_FRAME_START && frame_type <= CHOP_FRAME_END), "should be");
     if (chops != 0) {
       new_length = chop(locals, length, chops);
@@ -426,9 +445,11 @@ StackMapFrame* StackMapReader::next_helper(TRAPS) {
         new_length, _max_locals, CHECK_VERIFY_(_verifier, nullptr));
       // Recompute flags since uninitializedThis could have been chopped.
       flags = 0;
+      _uninit_in_prev_frame_locals = false;
       for (int i=0; i<new_length; i++) {
         if (locals[i].is_uninitialized_this()) {
           flags |= FLAG_THIS_UNINIT;
+          _uninit_in_prev_frame_locals = true;
           break;
         }
       }
@@ -465,9 +486,9 @@ StackMapFrame* StackMapReader::next_helper(TRAPS) {
     for (int i = 0; i < _prev_frame->locals_size(); i++) {
       locals[i] = pre_locals[i];
     }
-    u1 flags = _prev_frame->flags();
+    u1 flags = (u1)_uninit_in_prev_frame_locals;
     for (int i = 0; i < appends; i++) {
-      locals[real_length] = parse_verification_type(&flags, CHECK_NULL);
+      locals[real_length] = parse_verification_type(&flags, true /*parsing_locals*/, CHECK_NULL);
       if (locals[real_length].is_category2()) {
         locals[real_length + 1] = locals[real_length].to_category2_2nd();
         ++real_length;
@@ -491,6 +512,7 @@ StackMapFrame* StackMapReader::next_helper(TRAPS) {
   if (frame_type == FULL_FRAME) {
     // full_frame
     u1 flags = 0;
+    _uninit_in_prev_frame_locals = false;
     u2 locals_size = _stream->get_u2(CHECK_NULL);
     int real_locals_size = 0;
     if (locals_size > 0) {
@@ -498,7 +520,7 @@ StackMapFrame* StackMapReader::next_helper(TRAPS) {
         THREAD, VerificationType, locals_size*2);
     }
     for (int i = 0; i < locals_size; i++) {
-      locals[real_locals_size] = parse_verification_type(&flags, CHECK_NULL);
+      locals[real_locals_size] = parse_verification_type(&flags, true /*parsing_locals*/, CHECK_NULL);
       if (locals[real_locals_size].is_category2()) {
         locals[real_locals_size + 1] =
           locals[real_locals_size].to_category2_2nd();
@@ -516,7 +538,7 @@ StackMapFrame* StackMapReader::next_helper(TRAPS) {
         THREAD, VerificationType, stack_size*2);
     }
     for (int i = 0; i < stack_size; i++) {
-      stack[real_stack_size] = parse_verification_type(nullptr, CHECK_NULL);
+      stack[real_stack_size] = parse_verification_type(&flags, false /*parsing_locals*/, CHECK_NULL);
       if (stack[real_stack_size].is_category2()) {
         stack[real_stack_size + 1] = stack[real_stack_size].to_category2_2nd();
         ++real_stack_size;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapTable.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapTable.hpp
index 8dd00315a6a..1aa5ec99347 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapTable.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/stackMapTable.hpp
@@ -134,11 +134,17 @@ class StackMapReader : StackObj {
   // Check if reading first entry
   bool _first;
 
+  // We track whether an uninitializedThis was in the previous frame's
+  // locals independently of the flags parameter as most StackMapTable
+  // frames reuse the same locals as the previous frame.  Chop and
+  // Full frames need to handle this specially.
+  bool _uninit_in_prev_frame_locals;
+
   StackMapFrame* next_helper(TRAPS);
   void check_offset(StackMapFrame* frame);
   void check_size(TRAPS);
   int32_t chop(VerificationType* locals, int32_t length, int32_t chops);
-  VerificationType parse_verification_type(u1* flags, TRAPS);
+  VerificationType parse_verification_type(u1* flags, bool parsing_locals, TRAPS);
   void check_verification_type_array_size(
       int32_t size, int32_t max_size, TRAPS) {
     if (size < 0 || size > max_size) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictInstanceFieldsTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictInstanceFieldsTest.java
index 3a0de0c89d0..394f6eb0a67 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictInstanceFieldsTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/StrictInstanceFieldsTest.java
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
  *          ControlFlowChildBad.jasm
  *          ControlFlowAlias.jasm
  *          TryCatchChildBad.jasm
+ *          UninitThisOnStack.jasm
  *          NestedEarlyLarval.jcod
  *          EndsInEarlyLarval.jcod
  *          EarlyLarvalNotSubset.jcod
@@ -102,10 +103,13 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         NestedConstructorChild c5 = new NestedConstructorChild();
         System.out.println(c5);
 
-        // Final stirct fields defined in constructor
+        // Final strict fields defined in constructor
         FinalChild fc = new FinalChild();
         System.out.println(fc);
 
+        UninitThisOnStack c6 = new UninitThisOnStack();
+        System.out.println(c6);
+
         // --------------
         // NEGATIVE TESTS
         // --------------
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitThisOnStack.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitThisOnStack.jasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..dd36d11567e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/verifier/UninitThisOnStack.jasm
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+class UninitThisOnStack {
+    @Strict int f;
+
+    UninitThisOnStack() {
+        // Replace locals slot 0 with int -1 instead of uninitializedThis
+        // while uninitializedThis is on the stack
+        if (3 != 0) {
+            f = 4;
+        } else {
+            f = 4;
+        }
+        super();
+    }
+}
+*/
+
+identity class UninitThisOnStack version 72:65535
+{
+  strict Field f:I;
+
+  Method "<init>":"()V"
+    stack 4 locals 1
+  {
+    aload_0;
+    dup;
+    iconst_4;
+    iconst_m1;
+    istore_0;
+    iconst_3;
+    ifeq ELSE;
+    putfield Field f:"I";
+    goto ENDIF;
+  ELSE: stack_frame_type full;
+      locals_map int;
+      stack_map this, this, int;
+    putfield Field f:"I";
+  ENDIF: stack_frame_type early_larval;
+      unset_fields;
+      frame_type stack1;
+        stack_map this;
+    invokespecial Method java/lang/Object."<init>":"()V";
+    iconst_1;
+    ifeq ELSE2;
+    nop;
+    goto ENDIF2;
+  ELSE2: stack_frame_type full;
+      locals_map int;
+      stack_map;
+    nop;
+  ENDIF2: stack_frame_type same;
+    return;
+  }
+}

From bc674c21af6123be4a247e758728de870aa96eb5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 10 Aug 2026 19:52:18 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 508/707] 8390081: [BACKOUT] Add the hotspot compiler
 testlibrary to the test-image

Reviewed-by: erikj, serb
---
 make/Main.gmk                                 | 14 +---
 .../hotspot/test/BuildCompilerTestlibrary.gmk | 76 -------------------
 2 files changed, 1 insertion(+), 89 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 make/hotspot/test/BuildCompilerTestlibrary.gmk

diff --git a/make/Main.gmk b/make/Main.gmk
index f274fcf6e59..198403844c3 100644
--- a/make/Main.gmk
+++ b/make/Main.gmk
@@ -751,18 +751,6 @@ $(eval $(call SetupTarget, test-image-lib, \
     DEPS := build-test-lib, \
 ))
 
-$(eval $(call SetupTarget, build-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary, \
-    MAKEFILE := hotspot/test/BuildCompilerTestlibrary, \
-    TARGET := build-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary, \
-    DEPS := exploded-image build-test-lib, \
-))
-
-$(eval $(call SetupTarget, test-image-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary, \
-    MAKEFILE := hotspot/test/BuildCompilerTestlibrary, \
-    TARGET := test-image-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary, \
-    DEPS := build-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary, \
-))
-
 $(eval $(call SetupTarget, build-test-setup-aot, \
     MAKEFILE := test/BuildTestSetupAOT, \
     DEPS := interim-langtools exploded-image, \
@@ -1315,7 +1303,7 @@ all-docs-bundles: docs-jdk-bundles docs-javase-bundles docs-reference-bundles
 test-image: prepare-test-image test-image-jdk-jtreg-native \
     test-image-demos-jdk test-image-libtest-jtreg-native \
     test-image-lib test-image-lib-native \
-    test-image-setup-aot test-image-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary
+    test-image-setup-aot
 
 ifneq ($(JVM_TEST_IMAGE_TARGETS), )
   # If JVM_TEST_IMAGE_TARGETS is externally defined, use it instead of the
diff --git a/make/hotspot/test/BuildCompilerTestlibrary.gmk b/make/hotspot/test/BuildCompilerTestlibrary.gmk
deleted file mode 100644
index 0da107229fa..00000000000
--- a/make/hotspot/test/BuildCompilerTestlibrary.gmk
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,76 +0,0 @@
-#
-# Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
-# DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
-#
-# This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-# under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
-# published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
-# particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
-# by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
-#
-# This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
-# version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
-# accompanied this code).
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
-# 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
-# Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
-#
-# Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
-# or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
-# questions.
-#
-
-include MakeFileStart.gmk
-
-################################################################################
-# This file builds the Hotspot compiler testlibrary.
-################################################################################
-
-include CopyFiles.gmk
-include JavaCompilation.gmk
-
-###############################################################################
-
-COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_BASEDIR := $(TOPDIR)/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib
-COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_SUPPORT := $(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/test/compiler-testlibrary
-COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_JAR := $(COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_SUPPORT)/compiler-testlibrary.jar
-TEST_LIB_SUPPORT := $(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/test/lib
-WB_CP := $(TEST_LIB_SUPPORT)/wb_classes
-TEST_LIB_CP := $(TEST_LIB_SUPPORT)/test-lib_classes
-
-$(eval $(call SetupJavaCompilation, BUILD_COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY, \
-    TARGET_RELEASE := $(TARGET_RELEASE_NEWJDK_UPGRADED), \
-    SRC := $(COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_BASEDIR), \
-    BIN := $(COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_SUPPORT)/classes, \
-    JAR := $(COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_JAR), \
-    JAVAC_FLAGS := -cp $(WB_CP) \
-        -cp $(TEST_LIB_CP) \
-        --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.math=ALL-UNNAMED, \
-))
-
-TARGETS += $(BUILD_COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY)
-
-build-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary: $(TARGETS)
-
-################################################################################
-# Targets for building test-image.
-################################################################################
-
-# Copy to hotspot jtreg test image
-$(eval $(call SetupCopyFiles, COPY_COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY, \
-    DEST := $(TEST_IMAGE_DIR)/compiler-testlibrary, \
-    FILES := $(COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_JAR), \
-))
-
-IMAGE_TARGETS += $(COPY_COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY)
-
-test-image-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary: $(IMAGE_TARGETS)
-
-.PHONY: build-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary test-image-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary
-
-################################################################################
-
-include MakeFileEnd.gmk

From b340e037e80bafc546ce7da317a15bde9062e698 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Hai-May Chao <hchao@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2026 01:35:55 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 509/707] 8380569: Update comments for X25519MLKEM768 per draft
 RFC in HybridProvider once spec becomes standardized

Reviewed-by: weijun
---
 .../share/classes/sun/security/ssl/HybridProvider.java       | 5 ++---
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/HybridProvider.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/HybridProvider.java
index c77d6f66273..67549c6e1b0 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/HybridProvider.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/HybridProvider.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -55,8 +55,7 @@ private static final class ProviderImpl extends Provider {
             // Hybrid KeyPairGenerator/KeyFactory/KEM
 
             // The order of shares in the concatenation for group name
-            // X25519MLKEM768 has been reversed as per the current
-            // draft RFC.
+            // X25519MLKEM768 has been reversed as per RFC 10024.
             var attrs = Map.of("name", "X25519MLKEM768", "left", "ML-KEM-768",
                     "right", "X25519");
             putService(new HybridService(this, "KeyPairGenerator",

From 63ee524331c0ef44eeb571aecea068650ebda2a9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vladimir Kozlov <kvn@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2026 04:49:48 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 510/707] 8389636: assert(_base == AryPtr) failed: Not an array
 pointer

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, dlong
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp | 25 +++++++++++++++++--------
 src/hotspot/share/opto/type.cpp         |  9 +++++++++
 src/hotspot/share/opto/type.hpp         |  4 ++++
 3 files changed, 30 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
index b4b519e4298..babd84a0097 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
@@ -5006,7 +5006,14 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_getArrayProperties(ArrayPropertiesCheck check) {
 // '_next_refined_array_klass' linked list being the default (see ObjArrayKlass::klass_with_properties).
 Node* LibraryCallKit::load_default_refined_array_klass(Node* klass_node, bool type_array_guard) {
   RegionNode* region = new RegionNode(2);
-  Node* phi = new PhiNode(region, TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT_OR_NULL);
+  const TypeAryKlassPtr* load_type = TypeAryKlassPtr::OBJECT_ARRAY_OR_NULL;
+  const TypeKlassPtr* phi_type;
+  if (type_array_guard) {
+    phi_type = TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT_OR_NULL; // Use very general type for Phi
+  } else {
+    phi_type = load_type;
+  }
+  Node* phi = new PhiNode(region, phi_type);
 
   if (type_array_guard) {
     generate_typeArray_guard(klass_node, region);
@@ -5015,7 +5022,7 @@ Node* LibraryCallKit::load_default_refined_array_klass(Node* klass_node, bool ty
     }
   }
   Node* adr_refined_klass = basic_plus_adr(top(), klass_node, in_bytes(ObjArrayKlass::next_refined_array_klass_offset()));
-  Node* refined_klass = _gvn.transform(LoadKlassNode::make(_gvn, immutable_memory(), adr_refined_klass, TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM, TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT_OR_NULL));
+  Node* refined_klass = _gvn.transform(LoadKlassNode::make(_gvn, immutable_memory(), adr_refined_klass, TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM, load_type));
 
   // Can be null if not initialized yet, just deopt
   Node* null_ctl = top();
@@ -5043,7 +5050,7 @@ Node* LibraryCallKit::load_non_refined_array_klass(Node* klass_node) {
     phi->add_req(klass_node);
   }
   Node* super_adr = basic_plus_adr(top(), klass_node, in_bytes(Klass::super_offset()));
-  Node* super_klass = _gvn.transform(LoadKlassNode::make(_gvn, immutable_memory(), super_adr, TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM, TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT));
+  Node* super_klass = _gvn.transform(LoadKlassNode::make(_gvn, immutable_memory(), super_adr, TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM, TypeAryKlassPtr::OBJECT_ARRAY));
 
   region->init_req(1, control());
   phi->init_req(1, super_klass);
@@ -5209,18 +5216,20 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_array_copyOf(bool is_copyOfRange) {
     klass_node = null_check(klass_node);
 
     const TypeAryPtr* src_t = _gvn.type(original)->is_aryptr();
-    const TypeKlassPtr* dest_klass_t = _gvn.type(klass_node)->is_klassptr()->is_klassptr();
+    const TypeKlassPtr* dest_klass_t = _gvn.type(klass_node)->is_klassptr();
 
-    Node* success_proj;
+    Node* bailout_ctrl;
     if (should_bail_out_on_non_ref_arrays(src_t, dest_klass_t)) {
-      success_proj = generate_non_refArray_guard(klass_node, bailout);
+      bailout_ctrl = generate_non_refArray_guard(klass_node, bailout);
     } else {
-      success_proj = generate_typeArray_guard(klass_node, bailout);
+      bailout_ctrl = generate_typeArray_guard(klass_node, bailout);
     }
 
     Node* refined_klass_node = load_default_refined_array_klass(klass_node, /* type_array_guard= */ false);
 
-    if (success_proj != nullptr) {
+    // The current path is dead if the default refined array klass is not initialized,
+    // yet, or the guard is always taken (i.e. bailout).
+    if (!stopped() && (bailout_ctrl != nullptr)) {
       // Improve the klass node's type from the new optimistic assumption:
       ciKlass* ak = ciArrayKlass::make(env()->Object_klass());
       bool not_flat = !UseArrayFlattening;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.cpp
index a84418075d4..09a4237ab0b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.cpp
@@ -731,6 +731,9 @@ void Type::Initialize_shared(Compile* current) {
   TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT = TypeInstKlassPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull, current->env()->Object_klass(), Offset(0));
   TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT_OR_NULL = TypeInstKlassPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, current->env()->Object_klass(), Offset(0));
 
+  TypeAryKlassPtr::OBJECT_ARRAY = TypeAryKlassPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull, TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT, nullptr, Offset(0), false, false, false, false, false, false);
+  TypeAryKlassPtr::OBJECT_ARRAY_OR_NULL = TypeAryKlassPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT, nullptr, Offset(0), false, false, false, false, false, false);
+
   const Type **fi2c = TypeTuple::fields(2);
   fi2c[TypeFunc::Parms+0] = TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM; // Method*
   fi2c[TypeFunc::Parms+1] = TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM; // argument pointer
@@ -6743,6 +6746,12 @@ void TypeInstKlassPtr::dump2(Dict& d, uint depth, outputStream* st) const {
 }
 #endif // PRODUCT
 
+//=============================================================================
+// Convenience common pre-built types.
+
+const TypeAryKlassPtr* TypeAryKlassPtr::OBJECT_ARRAY;         // Not-null object array klass
+const TypeAryKlassPtr* TypeAryKlassPtr::OBJECT_ARRAY_OR_NULL; // Maybe-null object array klass
+
 bool TypeAryKlassPtr::can_be_inline_array() const {
   return _elem->isa_instklassptr() && _elem->is_instklassptr()->_klass->can_be_inline_klass();
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.hpp
index 0ad9938aaea..03a641bee87 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.hpp
@@ -2230,6 +2230,10 @@ class TypeAryKlassPtr : public TypeKlassPtr {
   bool is_refined_type()  const { return _refined_type; }
   virtual bool can_be_inline_array() const;
 
+  // Convenience common pre-built types.
+  static const TypeAryKlassPtr* OBJECT_ARRAY;         // Not-null object array klass
+  static const TypeAryKlassPtr* OBJECT_ARRAY_OR_NULL; // Maybe-null object array klass
+
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   virtual void dump2( Dict &d, uint depth, outputStream *st ) const; // Specialized per-Type dumping
 #endif

From 3ae762db82472ce803b75d266c35b42800edf370 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Manuel=20H=C3=A4ssig?= <mhaessig@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2026 06:22:13 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 511/707] 8389936: Share the C2 stress infrastructure between
 compilers

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, mchevalier
---
 src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Compilation.cpp       |   4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Compilation.hpp       |   3 +
 .../share/compiler/compiler_globals.hpp       |   6 +
 src/hotspot/share/compiler/stress.cpp         | 111 ++++++++++++++++++
 src/hotspot/share/compiler/stress.hpp         |  44 +++++++
 src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp         |   6 -
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp            |  71 +----------
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp            |  17 ++-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/gcm.cpp                |   4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/lcm.cpp                |   2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/loopTransform.cpp      |   2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.cpp           |   2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp              |  10 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp             |   8 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp             |   4 +-
 15 files changed, 195 insertions(+), 99 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/hotspot/share/compiler/stress.cpp
 create mode 100644 src/hotspot/share/compiler/stress.hpp

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Compilation.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Compilation.cpp
index 368cf604eeb..e6a5c004df6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Compilation.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Compilation.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
 #include "compiler/compilationMemoryStatistic.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compileLog.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compiler_globals.hpp"
+#include "compiler/compilerDefinitions.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compilerDirectives.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compileTask.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
@@ -556,6 +557,7 @@ Compilation::Compilation(AbstractCompiler* compiler, ciEnv* env, ciMethod* metho
 , _directive(directive)
 , _env(env)
 , _log(env->log())
+, _stress(_directive, _log, compiler_c1)
 , _method(method)
 , _osr_bci(osr_bci)
 , _hir(nullptr)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Compilation.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Compilation.hpp
index 53f1368d5e9..9779b3330b9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Compilation.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_Compilation.hpp
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "compiler/compiler_globals.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compilerDefinitions.inline.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compilerDirectives.hpp"
+#include "compiler/stress.hpp"
 #include "runtime/deoptimization.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 
@@ -70,6 +71,7 @@ class Compilation: public StackObj {
   DirectiveSet*      _directive;
   ciEnv*             _env;
   CompileLog*        _log;
+  Stress             _stress;
   ciMethod*          _method;
   int                _osr_bci;
   IR*                _hir;
@@ -138,6 +140,7 @@ class Compilation: public StackObj {
   DirectiveSet* directive() const                { return _directive; }
   CompileLog* log() const                        { return _log; }
   AbstractCompiler* compiler() const             { return _compiler; }
+  Stress& stress()                               { return _stress; }
   bool has_exception_handlers() const            { return _has_exception_handlers; }
   bool has_fpu_code() const                      { return _has_fpu_code; }
   bool has_unsafe_access() const                 { return _has_unsafe_access; }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compiler_globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compiler_globals.hpp
index effe6cc0725..6c7c4a73c93 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compiler_globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compiler_globals.hpp
@@ -383,6 +383,12 @@
           "If compilation is stopped with an error, capture diagnostic "    \
           "information at the bailout point")                               \
                                                                             \
+  product(uint, StressSeed, 0, DIAGNOSTIC,                                  \
+          "Seed for randomized stress testing (if unset, a random one is "  \
+          "generated). The seed is recorded in the compilation log, if "    \
+          "available.")                                                     \
+          range(0, max_juint)                                               \
+                                                                            \
 // end of COMPILER_FLAGS
 
 DECLARE_FLAGS(COMPILER_FLAGS)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/stress.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/stress.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..240248cbe42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/stress.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "compiler/compileLog.hpp"
+#include "compiler/compiler_globals.hpp"
+#include "compiler/compilerDefinitions.hpp"
+#include "compiler/compilerDirectives.hpp"
+#include "compiler/stress.hpp"
+#include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
+#include "runtime/os.hpp"
+#include "utilities/ticks.hpp"
+
+#ifdef COMPILER2
+#include "opto/c2_globals.hpp"
+#endif // COMPILER
+
+static bool should_initialize_stress_seed(CompilerType comp) {
+  switch (comp) {
+#ifdef COMPILER1
+    case compiler_c1:
+      return false;
+#endif // COMPILER1
+#ifdef COMPILER2
+    case compiler_c2:
+      return StressLCM || StressGCM || StressIGVN || StressCCP ||
+        StressIncrementalInlining || StressMacroExpansion ||
+        StressMacroElimination || StressUnstableIfTraps ||
+        StressBailout || StressLoopPeeling || StressCountedLoop ||
+        StressEliminateAllocations;
+#endif // COMPILER2
+    default:
+      assert(comp != compiler_none && comp != compiler_number_of_types, "expected valid compiler");
+      return false;
+  }
+}
+
+Stress::Stress(DirectiveSet* directives, CompileLog* log, CompilerType comp) {
+  if (!should_initialize_stress_seed(comp)) {
+    _stress_seed = 0;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(StressSeed) || (FLAG_IS_ERGO(StressSeed) && directives->RepeatCompilationOption)) {
+    _stress_seed = static_cast<uint>(Ticks::now().nanoseconds());
+    FLAG_SET_ERGO(StressSeed, _stress_seed);
+  } else {
+    _stress_seed = StressSeed;
+  }
+  if (log != nullptr) {
+    log->elem("stress_test seed='%u'", _stress_seed);
+  }
+}
+
+uint Stress::random() {
+  _stress_seed = os::next_random(_stress_seed);
+  return _stress_seed;
+}
+
+const uint RANDOMIZED_DOMAIN_POW  = 29;
+const uint RANDOMIZED_DOMAIN      = 1 << RANDOMIZED_DOMAIN_POW;
+const uint RANDOMIZED_DOMAIN_MASK = (1 << (RANDOMIZED_DOMAIN_POW + 1)) - 1;
+
+// This method can be called an arbitrary number of times, with the current count
+// as the argument. The logic allows for selecting a single candidate from the
+// running list of candidates as follows:
+//    int count = 0;
+//    Cand* selected = null;
+//    while(cand = cand->next()) {
+//      if (randomized_select(++count)) {
+//        selected = cand;
+//      }
+//    }
+//
+// Including the count equalizes the chances any candidate is "selected".
+// This is useful when we don't have the complete list of candidates to choose
+// from uniformly. In this case, we need to adjust the randomicity of the
+// selection, or else we will end up biasing the selection towards the latter
+// candidates.
+//
+// A quick back-of-the-envelope calculation shows that for the list of n candidates
+// the equal probability for the candidate to persist as "best" as can be
+// achieved by replacing it with "next" k-th candidate with the probability
+// of 1/k. It can be easily shown that by the end of the run, the
+// probability for any candidate has converged to 1/n, thus giving the
+// uniform distribution among all the candidates.
+//
+// We don't care about the domain size as long as (RANDOMIZED_DOMAIN / count) is large.
+bool Stress::randomized_select(uint count) {
+  return (random() & RANDOMIZED_DOMAIN_MASK) < (RANDOMIZED_DOMAIN / count);
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/stress.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/stress.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f26783e3e6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/stress.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_COMPILER_STRESS_HPP
+#define SHARE_COMPILER_STRESS_HPP
+
+#include "compiler/compileLog.hpp"
+#include "compiler/compilerDefinitions.hpp"
+#include "compiler/compilerDirectives.hpp"
+#include "memory/allocation.hpp"
+
+class Stress : public StackObj {
+ private:
+  uint _stress_seed;
+
+ public:
+  Stress(DirectiveSet* directives, CompileLog* log, CompilerType comp);
+
+  uint random();
+  bool randomized_select(uint count);
+};
+
+#endif // SHARE_COMPILER_STRESS_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
index 6e25c18fd71..8b2159181fe 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
@@ -64,12 +64,6 @@
   product(bool, StressUnstableIfTraps, false, DIAGNOSTIC,                   \
           "Randomly take unstable if traps")                                \
                                                                             \
-  product(uint, StressSeed, 0, DIAGNOSTIC,                                  \
-          "Seed for randomized stress testing (if unset, a random one is "  \
-          "generated). The seed is recorded in the compilation log, if "    \
-          "available.")                                                     \
-          range(0, max_juint)                                               \
-                                                                            \
   develop(bool, StressMethodHandleLinkerInlining, false,                    \
           "Stress inlining through method handle linkers")                  \
                                                                             \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
index 72049ad027c..55e27264737 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@
 #include "compiler/compilerOracle.hpp"
 #include "compiler/disassembler.hpp"
 #include "compiler/oopMap.hpp"
+#include "compiler/stress.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/c2/barrierSetC2.hpp"
 #include "jfr/jfrEvents.hpp"
@@ -683,7 +684,6 @@ Compile::Compile(ciEnv* ci_env, ciMethod* target, int osr_bci,
       _trace_opto_output(directive->TraceOptoOutputOption),
 #endif
       _clinit_barrier_on_entry(false),
-      _stress_seed(0),
       _comp_arena(mtCompiler, Arena::Tag::tag_comp),
       _barrier_set_state(BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2()->create_barrier_state(comp_arena())),
       _env(ci_env),
@@ -703,6 +703,7 @@ Compile::Compile(ciEnv* ci_env, ciMethod* target, int osr_bci,
       _unstable_if_traps(comp_arena(), 8, 0, nullptr),
       _coarsened_locks(comp_arena(), 8, 0, nullptr),
       _congraph(nullptr),
+      _stress(directive, _log, compiler_c2),
       NOT_PRODUCT(_igv_printer(nullptr) COMMA)
       _unique(0),
       _dead_node_count(0),
@@ -771,14 +772,6 @@ Compile::Compile(ciEnv* ci_env, ciMethod* target, int osr_bci,
     method()->ensure_method_data();
   }
 
-  if (StressLCM || StressGCM || StressIGVN || StressCCP ||
-      StressIncrementalInlining || StressMacroExpansion ||
-      StressMacroElimination || StressUnstableIfTraps ||
-      StressBailout || StressLoopPeeling || StressCountedLoop ||
-      StressEliminateAllocations) {
-    initialize_stress_seed(directive);
-  }
-
   Init(/*do_aliasing=*/ true);
 
   print_compile_messages();
@@ -994,7 +987,6 @@ Compile::Compile(ciEnv* ci_env,
       _trace_opto_output(directive->TraceOptoOutputOption),
 #endif
       _clinit_barrier_on_entry(false),
-      _stress_seed(0),
       _comp_arena(mtCompiler, Arena::Tag::tag_comp),
       _barrier_set_state(BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2()->create_barrier_state(comp_arena())),
       _env(ci_env),
@@ -1005,6 +997,7 @@ Compile::Compile(ciEnv* ci_env,
       _for_post_loop_igvn(comp_arena(), 8, 0, nullptr),
       _for_merge_stores_igvn(comp_arena(), 8, 0, nullptr),
       _congraph(nullptr),
+      _stress(directive, _log, compiler_c2),
       NOT_PRODUCT(_igv_printer(nullptr) COMMA)
       _unique(0),
       _dead_node_count(0),
@@ -1064,10 +1057,6 @@ Compile::Compile(ciEnv* ci_env,
   _types = new (comp_arena()) Type_Array(comp_arena());
   _node_hash = new (comp_arena()) NodeHash(comp_arena(), 255);
 
-  if (StressLCM || StressGCM || StressBailout) {
-    initialize_stress_seed(directive);
-  }
-
   {
     PhaseGVN gvn;
     set_initial_gvn(&gvn);    // not significant, but GraphKit guys use it pervasively
@@ -2857,7 +2846,7 @@ static void shuffle_array(Compile& C, GrowableArray<E>& array) {
     return;
   }
   for (uint i = array.length() - 1; i >= 1; i--) {
-    uint j = C.random() % (i + 1);
+    uint j = C.stress().random() % (i + 1);
     swap(array.at(i), array.at(j));
   }
 }
@@ -5788,60 +5777,10 @@ void Compile::remove_speculative_types(PhaseIterGVN &igvn) {
 
 // Auxiliary methods to support randomized stressing/fuzzing.
 
-void Compile::initialize_stress_seed(const DirectiveSet* directive) {
-  if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(StressSeed) || (FLAG_IS_ERGO(StressSeed) && directive->RepeatCompilationOption)) {
-    _stress_seed = static_cast<uint>(Ticks::now().nanoseconds());
-    FLAG_SET_ERGO(StressSeed, _stress_seed);
-  } else {
-    _stress_seed = StressSeed;
-  }
-  if (_log != nullptr) {
-    _log->elem("stress_test seed='%u'", _stress_seed);
-  }
-}
-
-int Compile::random() {
-  _stress_seed = os::next_random(_stress_seed);
-  return static_cast<int>(_stress_seed);
-}
-
-// This method can be called the arbitrary number of times, with current count
-// as the argument. The logic allows selecting a single candidate from the
-// running list of candidates as follows:
-//    int count = 0;
-//    Cand* selected = null;
-//    while(cand = cand->next()) {
-//      if (randomized_select(++count)) {
-//        selected = cand;
-//      }
-//    }
-//
-// Including count equalizes the chances any candidate is "selected".
-// This is useful when we don't have the complete list of candidates to choose
-// from uniformly. In this case, we need to adjust the randomicity of the
-// selection, or else we will end up biasing the selection towards the latter
-// candidates.
-//
-// Quick back-envelope calculation shows that for the list of n candidates
-// the equal probability for the candidate to persist as "best" can be
-// achieved by replacing it with "next" k-th candidate with the probability
-// of 1/k. It can be easily shown that by the end of the run, the
-// probability for any candidate is converged to 1/n, thus giving the
-// uniform distribution among all the candidates.
-//
-// We don't care about the domain size as long as (RANDOMIZED_DOMAIN / count) is large.
-#define RANDOMIZED_DOMAIN_POW 29
-#define RANDOMIZED_DOMAIN (1 << RANDOMIZED_DOMAIN_POW)
-#define RANDOMIZED_DOMAIN_MASK ((1 << (RANDOMIZED_DOMAIN_POW + 1)) - 1)
-bool Compile::randomized_select(int count) {
-  assert(count > 0, "only positive");
-  return (random() & RANDOMIZED_DOMAIN_MASK) < (RANDOMIZED_DOMAIN / count);
-}
-
 #ifdef ASSERT
 // Failures are geometrically distributed with probability 1/StressBailoutMean.
 bool Compile::fail_randomly() {
-  if ((random() % StressBailoutMean) != 0) {
+  if ((stress().random() % StressBailoutMean) != 0) {
     return false;
   }
   record_failure("StressBailout");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp
index 097890a7893..f3189b6ba40 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "compiler/compileBroker.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compiler_globals.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compilerEvent.hpp"
+#include "compiler/stress.hpp"
 #include "libadt/dict.hpp"
 #include "libadt/vectset.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
@@ -379,7 +380,6 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
   bool                  _has_flat_accesses;     // Any known flat array accesses?
   bool                  _flat_accesses_share_alias; // Initially all flat array share a single slice
   bool                  _scalarize_in_safepoints; // Scalarize inline types in safepoint debug info
-  uint                  _stress_seed;           // Seed for stress testing
 
   // Compilation environment.
   Arena                 _comp_arena;            // Arena with lifetime equivalent to Compile
@@ -404,6 +404,8 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
   GrowableArray<UnstableIfTrap*> _unstable_if_traps;        // List of ifnodes after IGVN
   GrowableArray<Node_List*> _coarsened_locks;   // List of coarsened Lock and Unlock nodes
   ConnectionGraph*      _congraph;
+
+  Stress                _stress;
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   IdealGraphPrinter*    _igv_printer;
   static IdealGraphPrinter* _debug_file_printer;
@@ -715,6 +717,8 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
 
   void print_method(CompilerPhaseType compile_phase, int level, Node* n = nullptr);
 
+  Stress& stress() { return _stress; }
+
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   bool should_print_igv(int level);
   bool should_print_phase(int level) const;
@@ -1127,7 +1131,7 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
     if (StressIncrementalInlining) {
       assert(_late_inlines_pos < _late_inlines.length(), "unthinkable!");
       if (_late_inlines.length() - _late_inlines_pos >= 2) {
-        int j = (C->random() % (_late_inlines.length() - _late_inlines_pos)) + _late_inlines_pos;
+        int j = (C->stress().random() % (_late_inlines.length() - _late_inlines_pos)) + _late_inlines_pos;
         swap(_late_inlines.at(_late_inlines_pos), _late_inlines.at(j));
       }
     }
@@ -1178,7 +1182,7 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
   bool inline_incrementally_one();
   void inline_incrementally_cleanup(PhaseIterGVN& igvn);
   void inline_incrementally(PhaseIterGVN& igvn);
-  bool should_stress_inlining() { return StressIncrementalInlining && (random() % 2) == 0; }
+  bool should_stress_inlining() { return StressIncrementalInlining && (stress().random() % 2) == 0; }
   bool should_delay_inlining() { return AlwaysIncrementalInline || should_stress_inlining(); }
   void inline_string_calls(bool parse_time);
   void inline_boxing_calls(PhaseIterGVN& igvn);
@@ -1379,13 +1383,6 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
   // Convert integer value to a narrowed long type dependent on ctrl (for example, a range check)
   static Node* constrained_convI2L(PhaseGVN* phase, Node* value, const TypeInt* itype, Node* ctrl, bool carry_dependency = false);
 
-  // Auxiliary method for randomized fuzzing/stressing
-  int random();
-  bool randomized_select(int count);
-
-  // seed random number generation and log the seed for repeatability.
-  void initialize_stress_seed(const DirectiveSet* directive);
-
   // supporting clone_map
   CloneMap&     clone_map();
   void          set_clone_map(Dict* d);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/gcm.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/gcm.cpp
index e9d2fbc13bb..0c661e02cd2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/gcm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/gcm.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -1409,7 +1409,7 @@ bool PhaseCFG::is_cheaper_block(Block* LCA, Node* self, uint target_latency,
                                 int cand_cnt, bool in_latency) {
   if (StressGCM) {
     // Should be randomly accepted in stress mode
-    return C->randomized_select(cand_cnt);
+    return C->stress().randomized_select(cand_cnt);
   }
 
   const double delta = 1 + PROB_UNLIKELY_MAG(4);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/lcm.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/lcm.cpp
index 0d48a670549..4a654954b9f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/lcm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/lcm.cpp
@@ -718,7 +718,7 @@ Node* PhaseCFG::select(
     cand_cnt++;
     if (choice < n_choice ||
         (choice == n_choice &&
-         ((StressLCM && C->randomized_select(cand_cnt)) ||
+         ((StressLCM && C->stress().randomized_select(cand_cnt)) ||
           (!StressLCM &&
            (latency < n_latency ||
             (latency == n_latency &&
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopTransform.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopTransform.cpp
index 71fa08d7c35..f652b4827db 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopTransform.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopTransform.cpp
@@ -615,7 +615,7 @@ uint IdealLoopTree::estimate_peeling(PhaseIdealLoop *phase) {
     if (loop_head->_stress_peeling_attempts < max_peeling_opportunities) {
       loop_head->_stress_peeling_attempts++;
       // In case of stress, let's just pick randomly...
-      return ((phase->C->random() % 2) == 0) ? estimate : 0;
+      return ((phase->C->stress().random() % 2) == 0) ? estimate : 0;
     }
     return 0;
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.cpp
index e7ccefa6855..716910605f4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.cpp
@@ -2412,7 +2412,7 @@ bool CountedLoopConverter::is_counted_loop() {
 #endif
 
 #ifndef PRODUCT
-  if (StressCountedLoop && (_phase->C->random() % 2 == 0)) {
+  if (StressCountedLoop && (_phase->C->stress().random() % 2 == 0)) {
     return false;
   }
 #endif
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp
index fe0a513bc09..b5329c86176 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp
@@ -719,7 +719,7 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::inline_type_from_mem(ciInlineKlass* vk, const TypeAryPtr
     const TypeAryPtr* nm_adr_type = elem_adr_type->with_field_offset(nm_offset_in_element);
     Node* nm_value = value_from_mem(sfpt, sfpt->control(), T_BOOLEAN, TypeInt::BOOL, nm_adr_type, alloc);
     bool force_scalarization_failure = StressEliminateAllocations &&
-                                       (C->random() % StressEliminateAllocationsMean == 0);
+                                       (C->stress().random() % StressEliminateAllocationsMean == 0);
     if (nm_value != nullptr && !force_scalarization_failure) {
       vt->set_null_marker(_igvn, nm_value);
     } else {
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ Node* PhaseMacroExpand::inline_type_from_mem(ciInlineKlass* vk, const TypeAryPtr
       const TypeAryPtr* field_adr_type = elem_adr_type->with_field_offset(field_offset_in_element);
       field_value = value_from_mem(sfpt, sfpt->control(), bt, ft, field_adr_type, alloc);
       bool force_scalarization_failure = StressEliminateAllocations &&
-                                         (C->random() % StressEliminateAllocationsMean == 0);
+                                         (C->stress().random() % StressEliminateAllocationsMean == 0);
       if (field_value == nullptr || force_scalarization_failure) {
         report_failure(field_offset_in_element, field_value != nullptr);
         return nullptr;
@@ -1091,7 +1091,7 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::add_array_elems_to_safepoint(AllocateNode* alloc, const T
       elem_val = value_from_mem(sfpt, sfpt->control(), basic_elem_type, elem_type, elem_adr_type, alloc);
     }
     bool force_scalarization_failure = StressEliminateAllocations &&
-                                       (C->random() % StressEliminateAllocationsMean == 0);
+                                       (C->stress().random() % StressEliminateAllocationsMean == 0);
     if (elem_val == nullptr || force_scalarization_failure) {
 #ifndef PRODUCT
       if (PrintEliminateAllocations) {
@@ -1156,7 +1156,7 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::add_inst_fields_to_safepoint(ciInstanceKlass* iklass, All
         int nm_offset = offset_minus_header + field->null_marker_offset();
         Node* null_marker = value_from_mem(sfpt, sfpt->control(), T_BOOLEAN, TypeInt::BOOL, base_type->with_offset(nm_offset), alloc);
         bool force_scalarization_failure = StressEliminateAllocations &&
-                                           (C->random() % StressEliminateAllocationsMean == 0);
+                                           (C->stress().random() % StressEliminateAllocationsMean == 0);
         if (null_marker == nullptr || force_scalarization_failure) {
           report_failure(nm_offset, null_marker != nullptr);
           return false;
@@ -1189,7 +1189,7 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::add_inst_fields_to_safepoint(ciInstanceKlass* iklass, All
     const TypeInstPtr* field_addr_type = base_type->add_offset(offset)->isa_instptr();
     Node* field_val = value_from_mem(sfpt, sfpt->control(), basic_elem_type, field_type, field_addr_type, alloc);
     bool force_scalarization_failure = StressEliminateAllocations &&
-                                       (C->random() % StressEliminateAllocationsMean == 0);
+                                       (C->stress().random() % StressEliminateAllocationsMean == 0);
     if (field_val == nullptr || force_scalarization_failure) {
       report_failure(offset, field_val != nullptr);
       return false;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
index 0fb6472762d..3b824d81087 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
@@ -1789,7 +1789,7 @@ void Parse::do_ifnull(BoolTest::mask btest, Node *c) {
 
   Node* counter = nullptr;
   Node* incr_store = nullptr;
-  bool do_stress_trap = StressUnstableIfTraps && ((C->random() % 2) == 0);
+  bool do_stress_trap = StressUnstableIfTraps && ((C->stress().random() % 2) == 0);
   if (do_stress_trap) {
     increment_trap_stress_counter(counter, incr_store);
   }
@@ -1893,7 +1893,7 @@ void Parse::do_if(BoolTest::mask btest, Node* c, bool can_trap, bool new_path, N
 
   Node* counter = nullptr;
   Node* incr_store = nullptr;
-  bool do_stress_trap = StressUnstableIfTraps && ((C->random() % 2) == 0);
+  bool do_stress_trap = StressUnstableIfTraps && ((C->stress().random() % 2) == 0);
   if (do_stress_trap) {
     increment_trap_stress_counter(counter, incr_store);
   }
@@ -2561,7 +2561,7 @@ void Parse::stress_trap(IfNode* orig_iff, Node* counter, Node* incr_store) {
   assert(success, "Trap already modified");
 
   // Add a check before the original if that will trap with a certain frequency and execute the original if otherwise
-  int freq_log = (C->random() % 31) + 1; // Random logarithmic frequency in [1, 31]
+  int freq_log = (C->stress().random() % 31) + 1; // Random logarithmic frequency in [1, 31]
   Node* mask = intcon(right_n_bits(freq_log));
   counter = _gvn.transform(new AndINode(counter, mask));
   Node* cmp = _gvn.transform(new CmpINode(counter, intcon(0)));
@@ -2585,7 +2585,7 @@ void Parse::stress_trap(IfNode* orig_iff, Node* counter, Node* incr_store) {
 
 bool Parse::path_is_suitable_for_uncommon_trap(float prob) const {
   // Randomly skip emitting an uncommon trap
-  if (StressUnstableIfTraps && ((C->random() % 2) == 0)) {
+  if (StressUnstableIfTraps && ((C->stress().random() % 2) == 0)) {
     return false;
   }
   // Don't want to speculate on uncommon traps when running with -Xcomp
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
index b38ed6d2cbb..e516d2f5f9a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
@@ -870,7 +870,7 @@ PhaseIterGVN::PhaseIterGVN() : _delay_transform(false),
 void PhaseIterGVN::shuffle_worklist() {
   if (_worklist.size() < 2) return;
   for (uint i = _worklist.size() - 1; i >= 1; i--) {
-    uint j = C->random() % (i + 1);
+    uint j = C->stress().random() % (i + 1);
     swap(_worklist.adr()[i], _worklist.adr()[j]);
   }
 }
@@ -3075,7 +3075,7 @@ void PhaseCCP::verify_analyze(Unique_Node_List& worklist_verify) {
 // Fetch next node from worklist to be examined in this iteration.
 Node* PhaseCCP::fetch_next_node(Unique_Node_List& worklist) {
   if (StressCCP) {
-    return worklist.remove(C->random() % worklist.size());
+    return worklist.remove(C->stress().random() % worklist.size());
   } else {
     return worklist.pop();
   }

From 652063d7ba1aa3ec4b88065e808a4887b70ac30d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Volkan Yazici <vyazici@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2026 06:47:24 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 512/707] 8384644: Document that HttpResponse::body can return
 null

Reviewed-by: jpai, dfuchs
---
 .../share/classes/java/net/http/HttpResponse.java     | 11 ++++++++---
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/java/net/http/HttpResponse.java b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/java/net/http/HttpResponse.java
index 1889d9d7300..674e89517cb 100644
--- a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/java/net/http/HttpResponse.java
+++ b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/java/net/http/HttpResponse.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -159,10 +159,15 @@ default Optional<String> connectionLabel() {
      * {@code String}, or {@code Path}) or it may represent an object with
      * which the body is read, such as an {@link java.io.InputStream}.
      *
+     * <p> Depending on the response's {@linkplain #statusCode() status code} or
+     * the {@link BodyHandler} used for the request, a body may not always be
+     * available. It is therefore recommended that the caller always check for
+     * {@code null} while dereferencing the result.
+     *
      * <p> If this {@code HttpResponse} was returned from an invocation of
-     * {@link #previousResponse()} then this method returns {@code null}
+     * {@link #previousResponse()} then this method always returns {@code null}
      *
-     * @return the body
+     * @return the body, or {@code null} if the body is not available
      */
     public T body();
 

From 0afbe386ecd8b1ae1cd6255df0886dfce8dd2d87 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2026 07:35:46 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 513/707] 8388490: Assert in VectorUnboxNode::Ideal because
 value input is TOP

Co-authored-by: Christian Hagedorn <chagedorn@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: chagedorn, jbhateja, xgong
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp         |   3 +
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt            |   2 -
 .../igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java     |   5 +-
 .../vectorapi/TestVectorUnboxTopInput.java    | 103 ++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 107 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestVectorUnboxTopInput.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
index 59632c69188..45ff6a7ffa2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
@@ -2333,6 +2333,9 @@ Node* VectorUnboxNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
 
       if (in_vt->length() == out_vt->length()) {
         Node* value = vbox->in(VectorBoxNode::Value);
+        if (phase->type(value) == Type::TOP) {
+          return nullptr;
+        }
 
         bool is_vector_mask = vbox_klass->is_subclass_of(ciEnv::current()->vector_VectorMask_klass());
         if (is_vector_mask) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
index 88751bafaea..52833928de9 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
@@ -71,8 +71,6 @@ compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestBCEscapeAnalyzerOverflow.java 8387392 windows-aarch6
 
 compiler/vectorapi/VectorStoreMaskIdentityTest.java 8388281 generic-all
 
-compiler/igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java 8388490 generic-all
-
 #############################################################################
 
 # :hotspot_gc
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java
index 5c93b406f6c..58cab1b6151 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /**
  * @test
- * @bug 8387073
+ * @bug 8387073 8388490
  * @key randomness
  * @summary Narrower stores preceding masked vector stores must not be eliminated.
  * @modules jdk.incubator.vector
@@ -65,9 +65,6 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
             "--add-opens", "jdk.incubator.vector/jdk.incubator.vector=ALL-UNNAMED"
         ));
         vmArgs.addAll(Arrays.asList(args)); // Forward args
-        // Temporarily disable stress flag due to unrelated test failures.
-        // TODO: Remove when JDK-8388490 is fixed.
-        vmArgs.addAll(List.of("-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:-StressReflectiveCode"));
         String[] vmArgsArray = vmArgs.toArray(new String[0]);
 
         comp.invoke(PACKAGE + "." + CLASS_NAME, "main", new Object[] { vmArgsArray });
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestVectorUnboxTopInput.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestVectorUnboxTopInput.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7a78a66045f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestVectorUnboxTopInput.java
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8388490
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary VectorUnboxNode::Ideal must handle a TOP value during IGVN
+ * @requires vm.debug == true & vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @modules jdk.incubator.vector
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+StressReflectiveCode
+ *                   -XX:-UseLoopPredicate -XX:+StressIGVN -XX:StressSeed=93 -XX:MaxVectorSize=16
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.vectorapi;
+
+import jdk.incubator.vector.IntVector;
+import jdk.incubator.vector.LongVector;
+import jdk.incubator.vector.VectorMask;
+import jdk.incubator.vector.VectorSpecies;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestVectorUnboxTopInput {
+    private static final VectorSpecies<Integer> I_SPECIES = IntVector.SPECIES_128;
+    private static final VectorSpecies<Long> L_SPECIES = LongVector.SPECIES_128;
+
+    private static int LENGTH = I_SPECIES.length();
+    private static boolean[] ma;
+    private static boolean[] mb;
+    private static boolean[] mr;
+
+    static {
+        ma = new boolean[LENGTH];
+        mb = new boolean[LENGTH];
+        mr = new boolean[LENGTH];
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < LENGTH; i++) {
+            long lb = i;
+            ma[i] = (lb & 1) == 0;
+            mb[i] = (lb & 2) == 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void testSingleMaskAllI() {
+        VectorMask<Integer> avm = VectorMask.fromArray(I_SPECIES, ma, 0);
+        VectorMask<Integer> bvm = VectorMask.fromArray(I_SPECIES, mb, 0);
+        avm.not().or(bvm.not()).intoArray(mr, 0);
+
+        // Verify results
+        for (int i = 0; i < I_SPECIES.length(); i++) {
+            Foo.assertEquals(!ma[i] | !mb[i], mr[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void testSingleMaskAllL() {
+        VectorMask<Long> avm = VectorMask.fromArray(L_SPECIES, ma, 0);
+        VectorMask<Long> bvm = VectorMask.fromArray(L_SPECIES, mb, 0);
+        avm.not().or(bvm.not()).intoArray(mr, 0);
+
+        // Verify results
+        for (int i = 0; i < L_SPECIES.length(); i++) {
+            Foo.assertEquals(!ma[i] | !mb[i], mr[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; i++) {
+            testSingleMaskAllL();
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; i++) {
+            testSingleMaskAllI();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class Foo {
+    static void assertEquals(Object lhs, Object rhs) {
+        Asserts.assertEquals(lhs, rhs, "Unexpected mask result");
+    }
+}

From 94a288ae652313b8d9c0e227faa62f1f07b83acb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2026 07:40:14 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 514/707] 8348872: jabswitch.cpp: regEnable and regDeleteValue
 leak reallocated data buffer

Reviewed-by: prr, kizune
---
 .../windows/native/jabswitch/jabswitch.cpp     | 18 ++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 18 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/jdk.accessibility/windows/native/jabswitch/jabswitch.cpp b/src/jdk.accessibility/windows/native/jabswitch/jabswitch.cpp
index f47e86ad9e7..46fc7703e4e 100644
--- a/src/jdk.accessibility/windows/native/jabswitch/jabswitch.cpp
+++ b/src/jdk.accessibility/windows/native/jabswitch/jabswitch.cpp
@@ -282,12 +282,14 @@ void printVersion() {
     char* pVersionData = new char[nVersionSize];
     if (!GetFileVersionInfo(executableFileName, 0, nVersionSize, pVersionData)) {
         printf("Unable to get version info.\n");
+        delete[] pVersionData;
         return;
     }
     LPVOID pVersionInfo;
     UINT nSize;
     if (!VerQueryValue(pVersionData, _T("\\"), &pVersionInfo, &nSize)) {
         printf("Unable to query version value.\n");
+        delete[] pVersionData;
         return;
     }
     VS_FIXEDFILEINFO *pVSInfo = (VS_FIXEDFILEINFO *)pVersionInfo;
@@ -302,6 +304,7 @@ void printVersion() {
         "jabswitch enables or disables the Java Access Bridge.\n",
         versionString
     );
+    delete[] pVersionData;
 }
 
 int regEnable() {
@@ -323,9 +326,13 @@ int regEnable() {
         if (err == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
             err = _tcslwr_s(dataBuffer, DEFAULT_ALLOC);
             if (err) {
+                if (data != dataBuffer) delete[] data;
+                RegCloseKey(hKey);
                 return -1;
             }
             if (_tcsstr(dataBuffer, STR_ACCESSBRIDGE) != NULL) {
+                if (data != dataBuffer) delete[] data;
+                RegCloseKey(hKey);
                 return 0;  // This is OK, e.g. ran enable twice and the value is there.
             } else {
                 // add oracle_javaaccessbridge to Config key for HKCU
@@ -334,9 +341,11 @@ int regEnable() {
                 if (newStr != NULL) {
                     wsprintf(newStr, L"%s,%s", dataBuffer, STR_ACCESSBRIDGE);
                     RegSetValueEx(hKey, ACCESSIBILITY_CONFIG, 0, REG_SZ, (BYTE *)newStr, dataLength);
+                    delete[] newStr;
                 }
             }
         }
+        if (data != dataBuffer) delete[] data;
         RegCloseKey(hKey);
     }
     return err;
@@ -366,9 +375,13 @@ int regDeleteValue(HKEY hFamilyKey, LPCWSTR lpSubKey)
         if (err == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
             err = _tcslwr_s(dataBuffer, DEFAULT_ALLOC);
             if (err) {
+                if (data != dataBuffer) delete[] data;
+                RegCloseKey(hKey);
                 return -1;
             }
             if (_tcsstr(dataBuffer, STR_ACCESSBRIDGE) == NULL) {
+                if (data != dataBuffer) delete[] data;
+                RegCloseKey(hKey);
                 return 0;  // This is OK, e.g. ran disable twice and the value is not there.
             } else {
                 // remove oracle_javaaccessbridge from Config key
@@ -382,6 +395,9 @@ int regDeleteValue(HKEY hFamilyKey, LPCWSTR lpSubKey)
                     _tcscpy_s(searchBuffer, DEFAULT_ALLOC, tok);
                     err = _tcslwr_s(searchBuffer, DEFAULT_ALLOC);
                     if (err) {
+                        delete[] newStr;
+                        if (data != dataBuffer) delete[] data;
+                        RegCloseKey(hKey);
                         return -1;
                     }
                     if (_tcsstr(searchBuffer, STR_ACCESSBRIDGE) == NULL) {
@@ -395,8 +411,10 @@ int regDeleteValue(HKEY hFamilyKey, LPCWSTR lpSubKey)
                 }
                 dataLength = (_tcslen(newStr) + 1) * sizeof(TCHAR);
                 RegSetValueEx(hKey, ACCESSIBILITY_CONFIG, 0, REG_SZ, (BYTE *)newStr, dataLength);
+                delete[] newStr;
             }
         }
+        if (data != dataBuffer) delete[] data;
         RegCloseKey(hKey);
     }
     return err;

From cc939a54f1694599868374541300aae7e660bc37 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Stuefe <stuefe@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2026 08:43:50 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 515/707] 8388017: [aix] Narrow klass encoding protection
 region should be protected in mmap mode

Reviewed-by: mbaesken, dbriemann
---
 src/hotspot/os/aix/os_aix.cpp              | 6 +++++-
 src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.cpp | 5 +----
 2 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/os/aix/os_aix.cpp b/src/hotspot/os/aix/os_aix.cpp
index 32d845b2b6d..ae85be96b97 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os/aix/os_aix.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os/aix/os_aix.cpp
@@ -1897,7 +1897,11 @@ static bool checked_mprotect(char* addr, size_t size, int prot) {
     }
   }
 
-  assert(rc == true, "mprotect failed.");
+  if (!rc) {
+    // Reporting success via mprotect but failing to mprotect is a symptom of calling mprotect
+    // on SystemV-memory. It should not happen for mmap-mode.
+    assert(!g_multipage_support.can_use_64K_mmap_pages, "Should only happen in old-style shmat mode");
+  }
 
   return rc;
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.cpp
index 4c79a858031..44cd593cec6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/compressedKlass.cpp
@@ -314,15 +314,12 @@ void CompressedKlassPointers::print_mode(outputStream* st) {
   }
 }
 
-// On AIX, we cannot mprotect archive space or class space since they are reserved with SystemV shm.
-static constexpr bool can_mprotect_archive_space = NOT_AIX(true) AIX_ONLY(false);
-
 // Protect a zone a the start of the encoding range
 void CompressedKlassPointers::establish_protection_zone(address addr, size_t size) {
   assert(_protection_zone_size == 0, "just once");
   assert(addr == base(), "Protection zone not at start of encoding range?");
   assert(size > 0 && is_aligned(size, os::vm_page_size()), "Protection zone not page sized");
-  const bool rc = can_mprotect_archive_space && os::protect_memory((char*)addr, size, os::MEM_PROT_NONE, false);
+  const bool rc = os::protect_memory((char*)addr, size, os::MEM_PROT_NONE, false);
   log_info(metaspace)("%s Narrow Klass Protection zone " RANGEFMT,
       (rc ? "Established" : "FAILED to establish "),
       RANGEFMTARGS(addr, size));

From be0f370e5b8f18167f6943f62fe8095c3fb2b30d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Marc Chevalier <mchevalier@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2026 09:00:44 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 516/707] 8389914: C2: LoadNode::Ideal modifies the node but
 returns nullptr

Reviewed-by: qamai, thartmann
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp | 2 --
 1 file changed, 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
index 94dd9306771..63ed1aba05a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
@@ -563,7 +563,6 @@ Node *MemNode::Ideal_common(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
 
   if (mem != old_mem) {
     set_req_X(MemNode::Memory, mem, phase);
-    if (phase->type(mem) == Type::TOP) return NodeSentinel;
     return this;
   }
 
@@ -2211,7 +2210,6 @@ Node* LoadNode::Ideal_load_common(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
     Node* opt_mem = MemNode::optimize_memory_chain(mem, addr_t, this, phase);
     if (opt_mem != mem) {
       set_req_X(MemNode::Memory, opt_mem, phase);
-      if (phase->type(opt_mem) == Type::TOP) { return NodeSentinel; }
       return this;
     }
     const TypeOopPtr* t_oop = addr_t->isa_oopptr();

From e9157bb2d5d9428c07780ac6cc4ae133468738fc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Guanqiang Han <ghan@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2026 09:23:52 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 517/707] 8347266: C2: Verify that Node::Identity() doesn't
 return new nodes

Reviewed-by: mchevalier, chagedorn
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp              |  3 ++-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp                 |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.cpp                |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp                |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp                 |  6 +++---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp                  | 14 +++++++++++---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp                  | 10 ++++++++++
 .../runtime/flags/jvmFlagConstraintsCompiler.cpp   |  2 +-
 .../jtreg/compiler/c2/TestVerifyIterativeGVN.java  |  6 +++---
 9 files changed, 33 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
index 8b2159181fe..e1216b1e9ef 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
@@ -727,7 +727,8 @@
           "the IGVN worklist drains")                                       \
                                                                             \
   develop(uint, VerifyIterativeGVN, 0,                                      \
-          "Verify Iterative Global Value Numbering =FEDCBA, with:"          \
+          "Verify Iterative Global Value Numbering =GFEDCBA, with:"         \
+          "  G: verify Node::Identity return an existing node"              \
           "  F: verify Node::Ideal does not return nullptr if the node"     \
                 "hash has changed"                                          \
           "  E: verify node specific invariants"                            \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp
index e13f91904c3..21761001099 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/cfgnode.cpp
@@ -2417,7 +2417,7 @@ Node *PhiNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
     }
 
     // One unique input.
-    DEBUG_ONLY(Node* ident = Identity(phase));
+    DEBUG_ONLY(Node* ident = phase->apply_identity(this));
     // The unique input must eventually be detected by the Identity call.
 #ifdef ASSERT
     if (ident != uin && !ident->is_top() && !must_wait_for_region_in_irreducible_loop(phase)) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.cpp
index 716910605f4..bf461fc17a8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.cpp
@@ -4039,7 +4039,7 @@ void IdealLoopTree::split_fall_in( PhaseIdealLoop *phase, int fall_in_cnt ) {
       // disappear it.  In JavaGrande I have a case where this useless
       // Phi is the loop limit and prevents recognizing a CountedLoop
       // which in turn prevents removing an empty loop.
-      Node *id_old_phi = old_phi->Identity(&igvn);
+      Node* id_old_phi = igvn.apply_identity(old_phi);
       if( id_old_phi != old_phi ) { // Found a simple identity?
         // Note that I cannot call 'replace_node' here, because
         // that will yank the edge from old_phi to the Region and
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp
index e26fa68a870..4f1f77ee847 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopopts.cpp
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ Node* PhaseIdealLoop::split_thru_phi(Node* n, Node* region, int policy) {
       // otherwise it will be not updated during igvn->transform since
       // igvn->type(x) is set to x->Value() already.
       x->raise_bottom_type(t);
-      Node* y = x->Identity(&_igvn);
+      Node* y = _igvn.apply_identity(x);
       if (y != x) {
         wins.add_win(i);
         x = y;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
index 63ed1aba05a..c1a295abd67 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
@@ -1993,7 +1993,7 @@ Node* LoadNode::split_through_phi(PhaseGVN* phase, bool ignore_missing_instance_
 
   // Do nothing here if Identity will find a value
   // (to avoid infinite chain of value phis generation).
-  if (this != Identity(phase)) {
+  if (this != phase->apply_identity(this)) {
     return nullptr;
   }
 
@@ -2108,7 +2108,7 @@ Node* LoadNode::split_through_phi(PhaseGVN* phase, bool ignore_missing_instance_
       // otherwise it will be not updated during igvn->transform since
       // igvn->type(x) is set to x->Value() already.
       x->raise_bottom_type(t);
-      Node* y = x->Identity(igvn);
+      Node* y = igvn->apply_identity(x);
       if (y != x) {
         x = y;
       } else {
@@ -6206,7 +6206,7 @@ Node* MergeMemNode::Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) {
 //------------------------------Ideal------------------------------------------
 // This method is invoked recursively on chains of MergeMem nodes
 Node *MergeMemNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
-  if (Identity(phase) != this) {
+  if (phase->apply_identity(this) != this) {
     // Let Identity handle this case
     return nullptr;
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
index e516d2f5f9a..4e140337d70 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
@@ -685,6 +685,14 @@ Node* PhaseGVN::apply_ideal(Node* k, bool can_reshape) {
   return i;
 }
 
+Node* PhaseGVN::apply_identity(Node* n) {
+  DEBUG_ONLY(uint old_unique = is_verify_Identity_return() ? C->unique() : 0;)
+  Node* const i = n->Identity(this);
+  assert(!is_verify_Identity_return() || i->_idx < old_unique,
+         "Identity() must return an existing node");
+  return i;
+}
+
 //------------------------------transform--------------------------------------
 // Return a node which computes the same function as this node, but
 // in a faster or cheaper fashion.
@@ -736,7 +744,7 @@ Node* PhaseGVN::transform(Node* n) {
   }
 
   // Now check for Identities
-  i = k->Identity(this);        // Look for a nearby replacement
+  i = apply_identity(k);        // Look for a nearby replacement
   if (i != k) {                 // Found? Return replacement!
     set_progress();
     return i;
@@ -2142,7 +2150,7 @@ void PhaseIterGVN::verify_Identity_for(Node* n) {
     return;
   }
 
-  Node* i = n->Identity(this);
+  Node* i = apply_identity(n);
   // If we cannot find any other Identity, we are happy.
   if (i == n) {
     verify_empty_worklist(n);
@@ -2306,7 +2314,7 @@ Node *PhaseIterGVN::transform_old(Node* n) {
   }
 
   // Now check for Identities
-  i = k->Identity(this);      // Look for a nearby replacement
+  i = apply_identity(k);      // Look for a nearby replacement
   if (i != k) {                // Found? Return replacement!
     set_progress();
     add_users_to_worklist(k);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp
index 3e949184fe3..c6fb61ec5c9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp
@@ -451,11 +451,21 @@ class PhaseGVN : public PhaseValues {
   // Helper to call Node::Ideal() and BarrierSetC2::ideal_node().
   Node* apply_ideal(Node* i, bool can_reshape);
 
+  // Helper to call Node::Identity() and verify that it returns an existing node.
+  Node* apply_identity(Node* n);
+
 #ifdef ASSERT
   void dump_infinite_loop_info(Node* n, const char* where);
   // Check for a simple dead loop when a data node references itself.
   void dead_loop_check(Node *n);
 #endif
+
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+  static bool is_verify_Identity_return() {
+    // '-XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=1000000'
+    return ((VerifyIterativeGVN % 10'000'000) / 1'000'000) == 1;
+  }
+#endif
 };
 
 //------------------------------PhaseIterGVN-----------------------------------
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/flags/jvmFlagConstraintsCompiler.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/flags/jvmFlagConstraintsCompiler.cpp
index 24d55c2d52d..d48bc1e93a5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/flags/jvmFlagConstraintsCompiler.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/flags/jvmFlagConstraintsCompiler.cpp
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ JVMFlag::Error TypeProfileLevelConstraintFunc(uint value, bool verbose) {
 }
 
 JVMFlag::Error VerifyIterativeGVNConstraintFunc(uint value, bool verbose) {
-  const int max_modes = 6;
+  const int max_modes = 7;
   uint original_value = value;
   for (int i = 0; i < max_modes; i++) {
     if (value % 10 > 1) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestVerifyIterativeGVN.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestVerifyIterativeGVN.java
index 39bb8b0a0ad..be8fbc79d0b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestVerifyIterativeGVN.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestVerifyIterativeGVN.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 8238756 8351889
  * @requires vm.debug == true & vm.flavor == "server"
- * @summary Run with -Xcomp to test -XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=111111 in debug builds.
+ * @summary Run with -Xcomp to test -XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=1111111 in debug builds.
  *
- * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xcomp -XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=111111 compiler.c2.TestVerifyIterativeGVN
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xcomp -XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=1111111 compiler.c2.TestVerifyIterativeGVN
  */
 package compiler.c2;
 

From 52854620e47de3003142ff98162b3c79a798fdf3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dingli Zhang <dzhang@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2026 10:56:36 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 518/707] 8390033: Disable stringop-overflow in
 shenandoahHeap.cpp

Reviewed-by: erikj, shade
---
 make/hotspot/lib/CompileJvm.gmk | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/make/hotspot/lib/CompileJvm.gmk b/make/hotspot/lib/CompileJvm.gmk
index 66ba18f2775..bb67474b3a0 100644
--- a/make/hotspot/lib/CompileJvm.gmk
+++ b/make/hotspot/lib/CompileJvm.gmk
@@ -210,6 +210,7 @@ $(eval $(call SetupJdkLibrary, BUILD_LIBJVM, \
     DISABLED_WARNINGS_gcc_postaloc.cpp := address, \
     DISABLED_WARNINGS_gcc_safepointMechanism.cpp := stringop-overflow, \
     DISABLED_WARNINGS_gcc_shenandoahGenerationalHeap.cpp := stringop-overflow, \
+    DISABLED_WARNINGS_gcc_shenandoahHeap.cpp := stringop-overflow, \
     DISABLED_WARNINGS_gcc_shenandoahLock.cpp := stringop-overflow, \
     DISABLED_WARNINGS_gcc_stubGenerator_s390.cpp := unused-const-variable, \
     DISABLED_WARNINGS_gcc_synchronizer.cpp := stringop-overflow, \

From 1c5eca05ee00f68f80354080370efd23f653ca4a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2026 11:28:59 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 519/707] 8390053: Shenandoah: Entry point is beyond 64K with
 lots of scalarized args

Reviewed-by: wkemper, kdnilsen
---
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
index c02782af625..e9f4a9ed65c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
@@ -2976,7 +2976,7 @@ void CompiledEntrySignature::compute_calling_conventions(bool link_time) {
 
     // Limit the scalarized stack argument area to ensure that generated entry
     // points fit into nmethod's uint16_t *_entry_offset fields.
-    const int max_stack_slots = 128;
+    const int max_stack_slots = UseShenandoahGC ? 64 : 128;
     if (MAX2(_args_on_stack_cc, _args_on_stack_cc_ro) <= max_stack_slots) {
       return; // Success
     }

From dbbfbc5f59f63f4b538e3c9c8f8f090eb2ba219f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Martin Doerr <mdoerr@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2026 11:35:29 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 520/707] 8387800: [lworld] PPC64 field flattening bugs in JEP
 401

Reviewed-by: dbriemann, mbaesken, amitkumar
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/interp_masm_ppc_64.cpp   | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/jniFastGetField_ppc.cpp  | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateTable_ppc_64.cpp | 7 ++++---
 3 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/interp_masm_ppc_64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/interp_masm_ppc_64.cpp
index 49d9c6dd1cf..c0507289b6e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/interp_masm_ppc_64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/interp_masm_ppc_64.cpp
@@ -2450,7 +2450,7 @@ void InterpreterMacroAssembler::write_flat_field(Register entry, Register tmp1,
   payload_address(value, value, tmp1, tmp2);
 
   Register layout_info = field_offset;
-  lbz(tmp1, in_bytes(ResolvedFieldEntry::field_index_offset()), entry);
+  lhz(tmp1, in_bytes(ResolvedFieldEntry::field_index_offset()), entry);
   ld(tmp2, in_bytes(ResolvedFieldEntry::field_holder_offset()), entry);
   inline_layout_info(tmp2, tmp1, layout_info);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/jniFastGetField_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/jniFastGetField_ppc.cpp
index 5f83651b5bf..ac3d2d5dba8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/jniFastGetField_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/jniFastGetField_ppc.cpp
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ address JNI_FastGetField::generate_fast_get_int_field0(BasicType type) {
   BarrierSetAssembler* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
   bs->try_resolve_jobject_in_native(masm, Robj, R3_ARG1, R4_ARG2, Rtmp, slow);
 
-  __ srwi(Rtmp, R5_ARG3, jfieldIDWorkaround::offset_shift); // offset
+  __ srdi(Rtmp, R5_ARG3, jfieldIDWorkaround::offset_shift); // offset
 
   assert(count < LIST_CAPACITY, "LIST_CAPACITY too small");
   speculative_load_pclist[count] = __ pc();   // Used by the segfault handler
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateTable_ppc_64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateTable_ppc_64.cpp
index 9ae620010ee..8b9d3d7c434 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateTable_ppc_64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateTable_ppc_64.cpp
@@ -2609,7 +2609,8 @@ void TemplateTable::jvmti_post_field_access(Register Rcache, Register Rscratch,
       // Restore object pointer.
       __ pop_ptr(R17_tos);
       __ verify_oop(R17_tos);
-    } else {
+    }
+    if (Rcache.is_volatile()) {
       // Cache is still needed to get class or obj.
       __ load_field_entry(Rcache, Rscratch);
     }
@@ -3322,7 +3323,7 @@ void TemplateTable::fast_storefield(TosState state) {
     {
       Label is_flat, done;
       __ test_field_is_flat(Rflags, is_flat);
-      __ null_check_throw(Rclass_or_obj, -1, Rscratch);
+      __ null_check_throw(R17_tos, -1, Rscratch);
       do_oop_store(_masm, Rclass_or_obj, Roffset, R17_tos, Rscratch, Rscratch2, Rscratch3, IN_HEAP);
       __ b(done);
       __ bind(is_flat);
@@ -3384,7 +3385,7 @@ void TemplateTable::fast_accessfield(TosState state) {
   Label LisVolatile;
   ByteSize cp_base_offset = ConstantPoolCache::base_offset();
 
-  const Register Rcache        = R3_ARG1,
+  const Register Rcache        = R31, // Needs to survive C call.
                  Rclass_or_obj = R17_tos,
                  Roffset       = R22_tmp2,
                  Rflags        = R23_tmp3,

From 21c05fd3ddb018240851c0905c3212f9f1362154 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Sorna Sarathi N <ssarathi@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2026 13:09:39 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 521/707] 8336666: Investigate why AIX needs more metaspace in
 test serviceability/jvmti/RedefineClasses/RedefineLeakThrowable.java

Reviewed-by: amitkumar, clanger, sspitsyn
---
 .../RedefineLeakThrowable.java                | 25 +++++++++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/RedefineClasses/RedefineLeakThrowable.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/RedefineClasses/RedefineLeakThrowable.java
index fbfbe8eea98..11aabb2952a 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/RedefineClasses/RedefineLeakThrowable.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/RedefineClasses/RedefineLeakThrowable.java
@@ -21,13 +21,20 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+// This test has two variants with different MaxMetaspaceSize values depending on CDS availability.
+// With CDS enabled: 17m is sufficient because core JDK classes are mapped from CDS shared
+// archive into separate shared class space and do not count against MaxMetaspaceSize.
+// Without CDS (e.g. AIX): all classes are allocated in classic metaspace, requiring a
+// larger MaxMetaspaceSize of 25m.
+
 /*
- * @test
+ * @test id=nocds
  * @bug 8308762
  * @library /test/lib
  * @summary Test that redefinition of class containing Throwable refs does not leak constant pool
  * @requires vm.jvmti
  * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @requires !vm.cds
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @modules java.instrument
  *          java.compiler
@@ -35,7 +42,21 @@
  * @run main/othervm/timeout=6000 -javaagent:redefineagent.jar -XX:MetaspaceSize=25m -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=25m RedefineLeakThrowable
  */
 
-// MaxMetaspaceSize=25m allows InMemoryJavaCompiler to load even if CDS is off.
+/*
+ * @test id=cds
+ * @bug 8308762
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @summary Test that redefinition of class containing Throwable refs does not leak constant pool
+ * @requires vm.jvmti
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @requires vm.cds
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @modules java.instrument
+ *          java.compiler
+ * @run main RedefineClassHelper
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=6000 -javaagent:redefineagent.jar -XX:MetaspaceSize=17m -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=17m RedefineLeakThrowable
+ */
+
 class Tester {
     void test() {
         try {

From 80133d4dc7519f88315b4cb67fb8f32a7de8f516 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Kuai Wei <kwei@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2026 13:20:25 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 522/707] 8387812: Refine ArraysSupport.vectorizedMismatch to
 compare all elements

Reviewed-by: vlivanov, liach
---
 src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmIntrinsics.hpp  |   2 +-
 .../classes/java/nio/BufferMismatch.java      |  34 +--
 .../foreign/SegmentBulkOperations.java        |  14 +-
 .../jdk/internal/util/ArraysSupport.java      | 154 +++++++------
 .../sun/nio/ch/NativeSocketAddress.java       |  11 +-
 .../VectorizedMismatchReturnDiffTest.java     | 215 ++++++++++++++++++
 6 files changed, 315 insertions(+), 115 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/VectorizedMismatchReturnDiffTest.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmIntrinsics.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmIntrinsics.hpp
index 26fba656ce3..5094a3371bc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmIntrinsics.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/vmIntrinsics.hpp
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ class methodHandle;
                                                                                                                         \
   do_class(jdk_internal_util_ArraysSupport, "jdk/internal/util/ArraysSupport")                                                          \
   do_intrinsic(_vectorizedMismatch, jdk_internal_util_ArraysSupport, vectorizedMismatch_name, vectorizedMismatch_signature, F_S)\
-   do_name(vectorizedMismatch_name, "vectorizedMismatch")                                                               \
+   do_name(vectorizedMismatch_name, "vectorizedMismatchInternal")                                                       \
    do_signature(vectorizedMismatch_signature, "(Ljava/lang/Object;JLjava/lang/Object;JII)I")                            \
                                                                                                                         \
   /* java/lang/ref/Reference */                                                                                         \
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/nio/BufferMismatch.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/nio/BufferMismatch.java
index d8611253b3b..1aca3f34620 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/nio/BufferMismatch.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/nio/BufferMismatch.java
@@ -35,19 +35,16 @@ final class BufferMismatch {
     static final ScopedMemoryAccess SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS = ScopedMemoryAccess.getScopedMemoryAccess();
 
     static int mismatch(ByteBuffer a, int aOff, ByteBuffer b, int bOff, int length) {
-        int i = 0;
         if (length > 7) {
             if (a.get(aOff) != b.get(bOff))
                 return 0;
-            i = SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.vectorizedMismatch(a.session(), b.session(),
+            return SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.vectorizedMismatch(a.session(), b.session(),
                     a.base(), a.address + aOff,
                     b.base(), b.address + bOff,
                     length,
                     ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_BYTE_INDEX_SCALE);
-            if (i >= 0) return i;
-            i = length - ~i;
         }
-        for (; i < length; i++) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
             if (a.get(aOff + i) != b.get(bOff + i))
                 return i;
         }
@@ -55,7 +52,6 @@ static int mismatch(ByteBuffer a, int aOff, ByteBuffer b, int bOff, int length)
     }
 
     static int mismatch(CharBuffer a, int aOff, CharBuffer b, int bOff, int length) {
-        int i = 0;
         // Ensure only heap or off-heap buffer instances use the
         // vectorized mismatch. If either buffer is a StringCharBuffer
         // (order is null) then the slow path is taken
@@ -63,15 +59,13 @@ static int mismatch(CharBuffer a, int aOff, CharBuffer b, int bOff, int length)
             && a.charRegionOrder() != null && b.charRegionOrder() != null) {
             if (a.get(aOff) != b.get(bOff))
                 return 0;
-            i = SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.vectorizedMismatch(a.session(), b.session(),
+            return SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.vectorizedMismatch(a.session(), b.session(),
                     a.base(), a.address + (aOff << ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_CHAR_INDEX_SCALE),
                     b.base(), b.address + (bOff << ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_CHAR_INDEX_SCALE),
                     length,
                     ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_CHAR_INDEX_SCALE);
-            if (i >= 0) return i;
-            i = length - ~i;
         }
-        for (; i < length; i++) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
             if (a.get(aOff + i) != b.get(bOff + i))
                 return i;
         }
@@ -79,19 +73,16 @@ static int mismatch(CharBuffer a, int aOff, CharBuffer b, int bOff, int length)
     }
 
     static int mismatch(ShortBuffer a, int aOff, ShortBuffer b, int bOff, int length) {
-        int i = 0;
         if (length > 3 && a.order() == b.order()) {
             if (a.get(aOff) != b.get(bOff))
                 return 0;
-            i = SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.vectorizedMismatch(a.session(), b.session(),
+            return SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.vectorizedMismatch(a.session(), b.session(),
                     a.base(), a.address + (aOff << ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_SHORT_INDEX_SCALE),
                     b.base(), b.address + (bOff << ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_SHORT_INDEX_SCALE),
                     length,
                     ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_SHORT_INDEX_SCALE);
-            if (i >= 0) return i;
-            i = length - ~i;
         }
-        for (; i < length; i++) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
             if (a.get(aOff + i) != b.get(bOff + i))
                 return i;
         }
@@ -99,19 +90,16 @@ static int mismatch(ShortBuffer a, int aOff, ShortBuffer b, int bOff, int length
     }
 
     static int mismatch(IntBuffer a, int aOff, IntBuffer b, int bOff, int length) {
-        int i = 0;
         if (length > 1 && a.order() == b.order()) {
             if (a.get(aOff) != b.get(bOff))
                 return 0;
-            i = SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.vectorizedMismatch(a.session(), b.session(),
+            return SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.vectorizedMismatch(a.session(), b.session(),
                     a.base(), a.address + (aOff << ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_INT_INDEX_SCALE),
                     b.base(), b.address + (bOff << ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_INT_INDEX_SCALE),
                     length,
                     ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_INT_INDEX_SCALE);
-            if (i >= 0) return i;
-            i = length - ~i;
         }
-        for (; i < length; i++) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
             if (a.get(aOff + i) != b.get(bOff + i))
                 return i;
         }
@@ -157,18 +145,16 @@ static int mismatch(FloatBuffer a, int aOff, FloatBuffer b, int bOff, int length
     }
 
     static int mismatch(LongBuffer a, int aOff, LongBuffer b, int bOff, int length) {
-        int i = 0;
         if (length > 0 && a.order() == b.order()) {
             if (a.get(aOff) != b.get(bOff))
                 return 0;
-            i = SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.vectorizedMismatch(a.session(), b.session(),
+            return SCOPED_MEMORY_ACCESS.vectorizedMismatch(a.session(), b.session(),
                     a.base(), a.address + (aOff << ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_LONG_INDEX_SCALE),
                     b.base(), b.address + (bOff << ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_LONG_INDEX_SCALE),
                     length,
                     ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_LONG_INDEX_SCALE);
-            return i >= 0 ? i : -1;
         }
-        for (; i < length; i++) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
             if (a.get(aOff + i) != b.get(bOff + i))
                 return i;
         }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/foreign/SegmentBulkOperations.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/foreign/SegmentBulkOperations.java
index ab6b78b73ee..a9e7751fc50 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/foreign/SegmentBulkOperations.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/foreign/SegmentBulkOperations.java
@@ -273,10 +273,7 @@ public static long mismatch(AbstractMemorySegmentImpl src, long srcFromOffset, l
             if (i >= 0) {
                 return i;
             }
-            final long remaining = ~i;
-            assert remaining < 8 : "remaining greater than 7: " + remaining;
-            i = length - remaining;
-            return mismatch(src, srcFromOffset + i, dst, dstFromOffset + i, i, (int) remaining, srcAndDstBytesDiffer);
+            return srcAndDstBytesDiffer ? length : -1L;
         }
     }
 
@@ -356,7 +353,7 @@ private static long vectorizedMismatchLargeForBytes(MemorySessionImpl aSession,
         long remaining = length;
         int i, size;
         boolean lastSubRange = false;
-        while (remaining > 7 && !lastSubRange) {
+        while (!lastSubRange) {
             if (remaining > Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
                 size = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
             } else {
@@ -370,11 +367,10 @@ private static long vectorizedMismatchLargeForBytes(MemorySessionImpl aSession,
             if (i >= 0)
                 return off + i;
 
-            i = size - ~i;
-            off += i;
-            remaining -= i;
+            off += size;
+            remaining -= size;
         }
-        return ~remaining;
+        return -1L;
     }
 
     static final String PROPERTY_PATH = "java.lang.foreign.native.threshold.power.";
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/util/ArraysSupport.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/util/ArraysSupport.java
index 3bd2486fa39..35806c17e7c 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/util/ArraysSupport.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/util/ArraysSupport.java
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 import jdk.internal.access.JavaLangAccess;
 import jdk.internal.access.SharedSecrets;
 import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.ForceInline;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.IntrinsicCandidate;
 
 /**
@@ -110,11 +111,9 @@ private ArraysSupport() {}
      * corresponds to the size, in bytes, of an array element.
      * @return if a mismatch is found a relative index, between 0 (inclusive)
      * and {@code length} (exclusive), of the first mismatching pair of elements
-     * in the two arrays.  Otherwise, if a mismatch is not found the bitwise
-     * compliment of the number of remaining pairs of elements to be checked in
-     * the tail of the two arrays.
+     * in the two arrays.  Otherwise, if a mismatch is not found, return -1
      */
-    @IntrinsicCandidate
+    @ForceInline
     public static int vectorizedMismatch(Object a, long aOffset,
                                          Object b, long bOffset,
                                          int length,
@@ -125,6 +124,63 @@ public static int vectorizedMismatch(Object a, long aOffset,
         // assert 0 <= length <= sizeOf(b)
         // assert 0 <= log2ArrayIndexScale <= 3
 
+        int result = vectorizedMismatchInternal(a, aOffset, b, bOffset, length, log2ArrayIndexScale);
+        if (result >= -1) {
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        // check remaining bytes
+        long i = ((long)(length - ~result)) << log2ArrayIndexScale;
+        long totalBytes = ((long)length) << log2ArrayIndexScale;
+        for (; i < totalBytes; i++) {
+            byte av = U.getByte(a, aOffset + i);
+            byte bv = U.getByte(b, bOffset + i);
+            if (av != bv) {
+                return (int)(i >> log2ArrayIndexScale);
+            }
+        }
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * The internal implementation of {@link #vectorizedMismatch}, serving as the
+     * platform dependent intrinsic candidate.
+     *
+     * <p>Depending on the platform, an implementation may scan all the elements,
+     * or only a part of them, leaving a tail of elements unchecked.  The caller
+     * {@link #vectorizedMismatch} is responsible for checking those remaining
+     * elements.
+     *
+     * <p>This method does not perform type checks or bounds checks.  It is the
+     * responsibility of the caller to perform such checks before calling this
+     * method.
+     *
+     * @param a the first array to be tested for mismatch, or {@code null} for
+     * direct memory access
+     * @param aOffset the relative offset, in bytes, from the base address of
+     * the first array to test from, otherwise if the first array is
+     * {@code null}, an absolute address pointing to the first element to test.
+     * @param b the second array to be tested for mismatch, or {@code null} for
+     * direct memory access
+     * @param bOffset the relative offset, in bytes, from the base address of
+     * the second array to test from, otherwise if the second array is
+     * {@code null}, an absolute address pointing to the first element to test.
+     * @param length the number of array elements to test
+     * @param log2ArrayIndexScale log<sub>2</sub> of the array index scale, that
+     * corresponds to the size, in bytes, of an array element.
+     * @return if a mismatch is found a relative index, between 0 (inclusive)
+     * and {@code length} (exclusive), of the first mismatching pair of elements
+     * in the two arrays.  Otherwise, if a mismatch is not found the bitwise
+     * compliment of the number of remaining pairs of elements to be checked in
+     * the tail of the two arrays.
+     */
+    @IntrinsicCandidate
+    private static int vectorizedMismatchInternal(Object a, long aOffset,
+                                                  Object b, long bOffset,
+                                                  int length,
+                                                  int log2ArrayIndexScale) {
+
         int log2ValuesPerWidth = LOG2_ARRAY_LONG_INDEX_SCALE - log2ArrayIndexScale;
         int wi = 0;
         for (; wi < length >> log2ValuesPerWidth; wi++) {
@@ -431,19 +487,15 @@ private static int utf16hashCode(int result, byte[] value, int fromIndex, int le
     public static int mismatch(boolean[] a,
                                boolean[] b,
                                int length) {
-        int i = 0;
         if (length > 7) {
             if (a[0] != b[0])
                 return 0;
-            i = vectorizedMismatch(
+            return vectorizedMismatch(
                     a, Unsafe.ARRAY_BOOLEAN_BASE_OFFSET,
                     b, Unsafe.ARRAY_BOOLEAN_BASE_OFFSET,
                     length, LOG2_ARRAY_BOOLEAN_INDEX_SCALE);
-            if (i >= 0)
-                return i;
-            i = length - ~i;
         }
-        for (; i < length; i++) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
             if (a[i] != b[i])
                 return i;
         }
@@ -453,21 +505,17 @@ public static int mismatch(boolean[] a,
     public static int mismatch(boolean[] a, int aFromIndex,
                                boolean[] b, int bFromIndex,
                                int length) {
-        int i = 0;
         if (length > 7) {
             if (a[aFromIndex] != b[bFromIndex])
                 return 0;
             long aOffset = Unsafe.ARRAY_BOOLEAN_BASE_OFFSET + aFromIndex;
             long bOffset = Unsafe.ARRAY_BOOLEAN_BASE_OFFSET + bFromIndex;
-            i = vectorizedMismatch(
+            return vectorizedMismatch(
                     a, aOffset,
                     b, bOffset,
                     length, LOG2_ARRAY_BOOLEAN_INDEX_SCALE);
-            if (i >= 0)
-                return i;
-            i = length - ~i;
         }
-        for (; i < length; i++) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
             if (a[aFromIndex + i] != b[bFromIndex + i])
                 return i;
         }
@@ -497,22 +545,16 @@ public static int mismatch(byte[] a,
         // assert length <= a.length
         // assert length <= b.length
 
-        int i = 0;
         if (length > 7) {
             if (a[0] != b[0])
                 return 0;
-            i = vectorizedMismatch(
+            return vectorizedMismatch(
                     a, Unsafe.ARRAY_BYTE_BASE_OFFSET,
                     b, Unsafe.ARRAY_BYTE_BASE_OFFSET,
                     length, LOG2_ARRAY_BYTE_INDEX_SCALE);
-            if (i >= 0)
-                return i;
-            // Align to tail
-            i = length - ~i;
-//            assert i >= 0 && i <= 7;
         }
         // Tail < 8 bytes
-        for (; i < length; i++) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
             if (a[i] != b[i])
                 return i;
         }
@@ -546,21 +588,17 @@ public static int mismatch(byte[] a, int aFromIndex,
         // assert 0 <= bFromIndex + length <= b.length
         // assert length >= 0
 
-        int i = 0;
         if (length > 7) {
             if (a[aFromIndex] != b[bFromIndex])
                 return 0;
             long aOffset = Unsafe.ARRAY_BYTE_BASE_OFFSET + aFromIndex;
             long bOffset = Unsafe.ARRAY_BYTE_BASE_OFFSET + bFromIndex;
-            i = vectorizedMismatch(
+            return vectorizedMismatch(
                     a, aOffset,
                     b, bOffset,
                     length, LOG2_ARRAY_BYTE_INDEX_SCALE);
-            if (i >= 0)
-                return i;
-            i = length - ~i;
         }
-        for (; i < length; i++) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
             if (a[aFromIndex + i] != b[bFromIndex + i])
                 return i;
         }
@@ -573,19 +611,15 @@ public static int mismatch(byte[] a, int aFromIndex,
     public static int mismatch(char[] a,
                                char[] b,
                                int length) {
-        int i = 0;
         if (length > 3) {
             if (a[0] != b[0])
                 return 0;
-            i = vectorizedMismatch(
+            return vectorizedMismatch(
                     a, Unsafe.ARRAY_CHAR_BASE_OFFSET,
                     b, Unsafe.ARRAY_CHAR_BASE_OFFSET,
                     length, LOG2_ARRAY_CHAR_INDEX_SCALE);
-            if (i >= 0)
-                return i;
-            i = length - ~i;
         }
-        for (; i < length; i++) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
             if (a[i] != b[i])
                 return i;
         }
@@ -595,21 +629,17 @@ public static int mismatch(char[] a,
     public static int mismatch(char[] a, int aFromIndex,
                                char[] b, int bFromIndex,
                                int length) {
-        int i = 0;
         if (length > 3) {
             if (a[aFromIndex] != b[bFromIndex])
                 return 0;
             long aOffset = Unsafe.ARRAY_CHAR_BASE_OFFSET + ((long) aFromIndex << LOG2_ARRAY_CHAR_INDEX_SCALE);
             long bOffset = Unsafe.ARRAY_CHAR_BASE_OFFSET + ((long) bFromIndex << LOG2_ARRAY_CHAR_INDEX_SCALE);
-            i = vectorizedMismatch(
+            return vectorizedMismatch(
                     a, aOffset,
                     b, bOffset,
                     length, LOG2_ARRAY_CHAR_INDEX_SCALE);
-            if (i >= 0)
-                return i;
-            i = length - ~i;
         }
-        for (; i < length; i++) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
             if (a[aFromIndex + i] != b[bFromIndex + i])
                 return i;
         }
@@ -622,19 +652,15 @@ public static int mismatch(char[] a, int aFromIndex,
     public static int mismatch(short[] a,
                                short[] b,
                                int length) {
-        int i = 0;
         if (length > 3) {
             if (a[0] != b[0])
                 return 0;
-            i = vectorizedMismatch(
+            return vectorizedMismatch(
                     a, Unsafe.ARRAY_SHORT_BASE_OFFSET,
                     b, Unsafe.ARRAY_SHORT_BASE_OFFSET,
                     length, LOG2_ARRAY_SHORT_INDEX_SCALE);
-            if (i >= 0)
-                return i;
-            i = length - ~i;
         }
-        for (; i < length; i++) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
             if (a[i] != b[i])
                 return i;
         }
@@ -644,21 +670,17 @@ public static int mismatch(short[] a,
     public static int mismatch(short[] a, int aFromIndex,
                                short[] b, int bFromIndex,
                                int length) {
-        int i = 0;
         if (length > 3) {
             if (a[aFromIndex] != b[bFromIndex])
                 return 0;
             long aOffset = Unsafe.ARRAY_SHORT_BASE_OFFSET + ((long) aFromIndex << LOG2_ARRAY_SHORT_INDEX_SCALE);
             long bOffset = Unsafe.ARRAY_SHORT_BASE_OFFSET + ((long) bFromIndex << LOG2_ARRAY_SHORT_INDEX_SCALE);
-            i = vectorizedMismatch(
+            return vectorizedMismatch(
                     a, aOffset,
                     b, bOffset,
                     length, LOG2_ARRAY_SHORT_INDEX_SCALE);
-            if (i >= 0)
-                return i;
-            i = length - ~i;
         }
-        for (; i < length; i++) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
             if (a[aFromIndex + i] != b[bFromIndex + i])
                 return i;
         }
@@ -671,19 +693,15 @@ public static int mismatch(short[] a, int aFromIndex,
     public static int mismatch(int[] a,
                                int[] b,
                                int length) {
-        int i = 0;
         if (length > 1) {
             if (a[0] != b[0])
                 return 0;
-            i = vectorizedMismatch(
+            return vectorizedMismatch(
                     a, Unsafe.ARRAY_INT_BASE_OFFSET,
                     b, Unsafe.ARRAY_INT_BASE_OFFSET,
                     length, LOG2_ARRAY_INT_INDEX_SCALE);
-            if (i >= 0)
-                return i;
-            i = length - ~i;
         }
-        for (; i < length; i++) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
             if (a[i] != b[i])
                 return i;
         }
@@ -693,21 +711,17 @@ public static int mismatch(int[] a,
     public static int mismatch(int[] a, int aFromIndex,
                                int[] b, int bFromIndex,
                                int length) {
-        int i = 0;
         if (length > 1) {
             if (a[aFromIndex] != b[bFromIndex])
                 return 0;
             long aOffset = Unsafe.ARRAY_INT_BASE_OFFSET + ((long) aFromIndex << LOG2_ARRAY_INT_INDEX_SCALE);
             long bOffset = Unsafe.ARRAY_INT_BASE_OFFSET + ((long) bFromIndex << LOG2_ARRAY_INT_INDEX_SCALE);
-            i = vectorizedMismatch(
+            return vectorizedMismatch(
                     a, aOffset,
                     b, bOffset,
                     length, LOG2_ARRAY_INT_INDEX_SCALE);
-            if (i >= 0)
-                return i;
-            i = length - ~i;
         }
-        for (; i < length; i++) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
             if (a[aFromIndex + i] != b[bFromIndex + i])
                 return i;
         }
@@ -750,7 +764,7 @@ public static int mismatch(float[] a, int aFromIndex,
             }
             // Matched
             else {
-                i = length - ~i;
+                return -1;
             }
         }
         for (; i < length; i++) {
@@ -772,11 +786,10 @@ public static int mismatch(long[] a,
         }
         if (a[0] != b[0])
             return 0;
-        int i = vectorizedMismatch(
+        return vectorizedMismatch(
                 a, Unsafe.ARRAY_LONG_BASE_OFFSET,
                 b, Unsafe.ARRAY_LONG_BASE_OFFSET,
                 length, LOG2_ARRAY_LONG_INDEX_SCALE);
-        return i >= 0 ? i : -1;
     }
 
     public static int mismatch(long[] a, int aFromIndex,
@@ -789,11 +802,10 @@ public static int mismatch(long[] a, int aFromIndex,
             return 0;
         long aOffset = Unsafe.ARRAY_LONG_BASE_OFFSET + ((long) aFromIndex << LOG2_ARRAY_LONG_INDEX_SCALE);
         long bOffset = Unsafe.ARRAY_LONG_BASE_OFFSET + ((long) bFromIndex << LOG2_ARRAY_LONG_INDEX_SCALE);
-        int i = vectorizedMismatch(
+        return vectorizedMismatch(
                 a, aOffset,
                 b, bOffset,
                 length, LOG2_ARRAY_LONG_INDEX_SCALE);
-        return i >= 0 ? i : -1;
     }
 
 
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/NativeSocketAddress.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/NativeSocketAddress.java
index c1f813ec524..8fccbd190fd 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/NativeSocketAddress.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/nio/ch/NativeSocketAddress.java
@@ -150,21 +150,12 @@ InetSocketAddress decode() throws SocketException {
      * @return the byte offset of the first mismatch or -1 if no mismatch
      */
     private int mismatch(NativeSocketAddress other) {
-        int i = ArraysSupport.vectorizedMismatch(null,
+        return ArraysSupport.vectorizedMismatch(null,
                 this.address,
                 null,
                 other.address,
                 SIZEOF_SOCKETADDRESS,
                 ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_BYTE_INDEX_SCALE);
-        if (i >= 0)
-            return i;
-        i = SIZEOF_SOCKETADDRESS - ~i;
-        for (; i < SIZEOF_SOCKETADDRESS; i++) {
-            if (UNSAFE.getByte(this.address + i) != UNSAFE.getByte(other.address + i)) {
-                return i;
-            }
-        }
-        return -1;
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/VectorizedMismatchReturnDiffTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/VectorizedMismatchReturnDiffTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2fba41bf4a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/VectorizedMismatchReturnDiffTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 Alibaba Group Holding Limited. All Rights Reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.intrinsics;
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import jdk.internal.util.ArraysSupport;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Verify that both the vectorizedMismatch intrinsic and Java
+ *          implementation return same value
+ * @requires vm.opt.final.UseVectorizedMismatchIntrinsic == true
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.util
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=quiet
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.intrinsics.VectorizedMismatchReturnDiffTest::testComp*
+ *                   -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   compiler.intrinsics.VectorizedMismatchReturnDiffTest
+ */
+
+public class VectorizedMismatchReturnDiffTest {
+
+    private static final int LOG2_ARRAY_LONG_INDEX_SCALE = ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_LONG_INDEX_SCALE;
+    private static final int LOG2_ARRAY_INT_INDEX_SCALE = ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_INT_INDEX_SCALE;
+
+    private byte[] byte_a = new byte[512];
+    private byte[] byte_b = new byte[512];
+    private char[] char_a = new char[256];
+    private char[] char_b = new char[256];
+    private short[] short_a = new short[256];
+    private short[] short_b = new short[256];
+    private int[] int_a = new int[128];
+    private int[] int_b = new int[128];
+    private float[] float_a = new float[128];
+    private float[] float_b = new float[128];
+    private long[] long_a = new long[64];
+    private long[] long_b = new long[64];
+    private double[] double_a = new double[64];
+    private double[] double_b = new double[64];
+
+    // ==================================================================================
+    // Test methods
+    //    testCompXXX are methods compiled by c2
+    //    testJavaXXX are methods for verification
+    // ==================================================================================
+
+    int testCompByte(int length) {
+        long offset = Unsafe.ARRAY_BYTE_BASE_OFFSET;
+        return ArraysSupport.vectorizedMismatch(byte_a, offset, byte_b, offset, length,
+                ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_BYTE_INDEX_SCALE);
+    }
+
+    int testJavaByte(int length) {
+        long offset = Unsafe.ARRAY_BYTE_BASE_OFFSET;
+        return ArraysSupport.vectorizedMismatch(byte_a, offset, byte_b, offset, length,
+                ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_BYTE_INDEX_SCALE);
+    }
+
+    int testCompChar(int length) {
+        long offset = Unsafe.ARRAY_CHAR_BASE_OFFSET;
+        return ArraysSupport.vectorizedMismatch(char_a, offset, char_b, offset, length,
+                ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_CHAR_INDEX_SCALE);
+    }
+
+    int testJavaChar(int length) {
+        long offset = Unsafe.ARRAY_CHAR_BASE_OFFSET;
+        return ArraysSupport.vectorizedMismatch(char_a, offset, char_b, offset, length,
+                ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_CHAR_INDEX_SCALE);
+    }
+
+    int testCompShort(int length) {
+        long offset = Unsafe.ARRAY_SHORT_BASE_OFFSET;
+        return ArraysSupport.vectorizedMismatch(short_a, offset, short_b, offset, length,
+                ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_SHORT_INDEX_SCALE);
+    }
+
+    int testJavaShort(int length) {
+        long offset = Unsafe.ARRAY_SHORT_BASE_OFFSET;
+        return ArraysSupport.vectorizedMismatch(short_a, offset, short_b, offset, length,
+                ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_SHORT_INDEX_SCALE);
+    }
+
+    int testCompInt(int length) {
+        long offset = Unsafe.ARRAY_INT_BASE_OFFSET;
+        return ArraysSupport.vectorizedMismatch(int_a, offset, int_b, offset, length,
+                ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_INT_INDEX_SCALE);
+    }
+
+    int testJavaInt(int length) {
+        long offset = Unsafe.ARRAY_INT_BASE_OFFSET;
+        return ArraysSupport.vectorizedMismatch(int_a, offset, int_b, offset, length,
+                ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_INT_INDEX_SCALE);
+    }
+
+    int testCompFloat(int length) {
+        long offset = Unsafe.ARRAY_FLOAT_BASE_OFFSET;
+        return ArraysSupport.vectorizedMismatch(float_a, offset, float_b, offset, length,
+                ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_FLOAT_INDEX_SCALE);
+    }
+
+    int testJavaFloat(int length) {
+        long offset = Unsafe.ARRAY_FLOAT_BASE_OFFSET;
+        return ArraysSupport.vectorizedMismatch(float_a, offset, float_b, offset, length,
+                ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_FLOAT_INDEX_SCALE);
+    }
+
+    int testCompLong(int length) {
+        long offset = Unsafe.ARRAY_LONG_BASE_OFFSET;
+        return ArraysSupport.vectorizedMismatch(long_a, offset, long_b, offset, length,
+                ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_LONG_INDEX_SCALE);
+    }
+
+    int testJavaLong(int length) {
+        long offset = Unsafe.ARRAY_LONG_BASE_OFFSET;
+        return ArraysSupport.vectorizedMismatch(long_a, offset, long_b, offset, length,
+                ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_LONG_INDEX_SCALE);
+    }
+
+    int testCompDouble(int length) {
+        long offset = Unsafe.ARRAY_DOUBLE_BASE_OFFSET;
+        return ArraysSupport.vectorizedMismatch(double_a, offset, double_b, offset, length,
+                ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_DOUBLE_INDEX_SCALE);
+    }
+
+    int testJavaDouble(int length) {
+        long offset = Unsafe.ARRAY_DOUBLE_BASE_OFFSET;
+        return ArraysSupport.vectorizedMismatch(double_a, offset, double_b, offset, length,
+                ArraysSupport.LOG2_ARRAY_DOUBLE_INDEX_SCALE);
+    }
+
+    // ==================================================================================
+    // Main
+    // ==================================================================================
+
+    interface MismatchFn {
+        int call(int length);
+    }
+
+    static int checkResults(String typeName, MismatchFn fn1, MismatchFn fn2, int minLen, int maxLen) {
+        int diffs = 0;
+        for (int len = minLen; len <= maxLen; len++) {
+            int ret1 = fn1.call(len);
+            int ret2 = fn2.call(len);
+            if (ret1 != ret2) {
+                System.out.println("  UNMATCHED: length=" + len + ", intrinsic returns " + ret1 + ", java method returns " + ret2);
+                diffs++;
+            }
+        }
+        return diffs;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        VectorizedMismatchReturnDiffTest t = new VectorizedMismatchReturnDiffTest();
+
+        // Warmup
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; i++) {
+            t.testCompByte(64);
+            t.testCompChar(32);
+            t.testCompShort(32);
+            t.testCompInt(16);
+            t.testCompFloat(16);
+            t.testCompLong(8);
+            t.testCompDouble(8);
+        }
+
+        int diffs = 0;
+
+        System.out.println("--- byte (log2Scale=0) ---");
+        diffs += checkResults("byte", t::testCompByte, t::testJavaByte, 1, 128);
+
+        System.out.println("--- char (log2Scale=1) ---");
+        diffs += checkResults("char", t::testCompChar, t::testJavaChar, 1, 64);
+
+        System.out.println("--- short (log2Scale=1) ---");
+        diffs += checkResults("short", t::testCompShort, t::testJavaShort, 1, 64);
+
+        System.out.println("--- int (log2Scale=2) ---");
+        diffs += checkResults("int", t::testCompInt, t::testJavaInt, 1, 32);
+
+        System.out.println("--- float (log2Scale=2) ---");
+        diffs += checkResults("float", t::testCompFloat, t::testJavaFloat, 1, 32);
+
+        System.out.println("--- long (log2Scale=3) ---");
+        diffs += checkResults("long", t::testCompLong, t::testJavaLong, 1, 16);
+
+        System.out.println("--- double (log2Scale=3) ---");
+        diffs += checkResults("double", t::testCompDouble, t::testJavaDouble, 1, 16);
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(diffs, 0);
+    }
+}

From b1467bd6af8d4f98612191c3dfbb301150f4199b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Chen Liang <liach@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2026 13:25:10 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 523/707] 8388374: Class-File API does not enforce required
 validation for null matches and empty PackageEntry names

Reviewed-by: asotona
---
 .../classfile/attribute/ModuleAttribute.java  | 36 ++++---
 .../classfile/attribute/ModuleExportInfo.java | 28 ++++--
 .../classfile/attribute/ModuleHashInfo.java   |  6 +-
 .../classfile/attribute/ModuleOpenInfo.java   | 28 ++++--
 .../attribute/ModulePackagesAttribute.java    | 15 ++-
 .../attribute/ModuleRequireInfo.java          | 10 +-
 .../constantpool/ConstantPoolBuilder.java     | 11 ++-
 .../classfile/constantpool/ModuleEntry.java   | 16 +--
 .../classfile/constantpool/PackageEntry.java  |  7 +-
 .../classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry.java     | 14 ++-
 .../impl/ModuleAttributeBuilderImpl.java      | 26 ++---
 .../jdk/internal/classfile/impl/Util.java     | 11 +++
 .../jdk/internal/constant/ConstantUtils.java  | 38 +++++++-
 .../classfile/ConstantDescSymbolsTest.java    | 81 ++++++++--------
 test/jdk/jdk/classfile/ModuleBuilderTest.java | 97 +++++++++++++++++--
 15 files changed, 294 insertions(+), 130 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModuleAttribute.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModuleAttribute.java
index 874a3eae4f2..a7b2daa525f 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModuleAttribute.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModuleAttribute.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -189,7 +189,8 @@ static ModuleAttribute of(ModuleEntry moduleName, int moduleFlags,
      *
      * @param moduleName the module name
      * @param attrHandler a handler that receives a {@link ModuleAttributeBuilder}
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the information from the handler exceeds
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code moduleName} represents an
+     *         unnamed module; or if the information from the handler exceeds
      *         the {@code class} file format limit, such as a list with size
      *         over the limit of {@link java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}
      */
@@ -228,6 +229,8 @@ public sealed interface ModuleAttributeBuilder
          *
          * @param moduleName the module name
          * @return this builder
+         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code moduleName} represents an
+         *         unnamed module
          */
         ModuleAttributeBuilder moduleName(ModuleDesc moduleName);
 
@@ -268,6 +271,8 @@ default ModuleAttributeBuilder moduleFlags(AccessFlag... moduleFlags) {
          * @param requiresFlagsMask the requires flags
          * @param version the required module version, may be {@code null}
          * @return this builder
+         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code module} represents an
+         *         unnamed module
          */
         ModuleAttributeBuilder requires(ModuleDesc module, int requiresFlagsMask, String version);
 
@@ -278,7 +283,8 @@ default ModuleAttributeBuilder moduleFlags(AccessFlag... moduleFlags) {
          * @param requiresFlags the requires flags
          * @param version the required module version, may be {@code null}
          * @return this builder
-         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any flag cannot be applied to the
+         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code module} represents an
+         *         unnamed module; or if any flag cannot be applied to the
          *         {@link AccessFlag.Location#MODULE_REQUIRES} location
          */
         default ModuleAttributeBuilder requires(ModuleDesc module, Collection<AccessFlag> requiresFlags, String version) {
@@ -300,8 +306,10 @@ default ModuleAttributeBuilder requires(ModuleDesc module, Collection<AccessFlag
          * @param exportsFlagsMask the export flags
          * @param exportsToModules the modules to export to, or empty for an unqualified export
          * @return this builder
-         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the number of modules exceeds
-         *         the limit of {@link java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}
+         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code pkge} represents an
+         *         unnamed package; if any of {@code exportsToModules}
+         *         represents an unnamed module; or if the number of modules
+         *         exceeds the limit of {@link java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}
          */
         ModuleAttributeBuilder exports(PackageDesc pkge, int exportsFlagsMask, ModuleDesc... exportsToModules);
 
@@ -312,9 +320,11 @@ default ModuleAttributeBuilder requires(ModuleDesc module, Collection<AccessFlag
          * @param exportsFlags the export flags
          * @param exportsToModules the modules to export to, or empty for an unqualified export
          * @return this builder
-         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any flag cannot be applied to the
-         *         {@link AccessFlag.Location#MODULE_EXPORTS} location or the
-         *         number of modules exceeds the limit of {@link
+         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code pkge} represents an
+         *         unnamed package; if any of {@code exportsToModules}
+         *         represents an unnamed module; if any flag cannot be applied
+         *         to the {@link AccessFlag.Location#MODULE_EXPORTS} location;
+         *         or if the number of modules exceeds the limit of {@link
          *         java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}
          */
         default ModuleAttributeBuilder exports(PackageDesc pkge, Collection<AccessFlag> exportsFlags, ModuleDesc... exportsToModules) {
@@ -341,7 +351,9 @@ default ModuleAttributeBuilder exports(PackageDesc pkge, Collection<AccessFlag>
          * @param opensFlagsMask the open package flags
          * @param opensToModules the modules to open to, or empty for an unqualified open
          * @return this builder
-         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the number of modules exceeds the
+         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code pkge} represents an
+         *         unnamed package; if any of {@code opensToModules} represents
+         *         an unnamed module; or if the number of modules exceeds the
          *         limit of {@link java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}
          */
         ModuleAttributeBuilder opens(PackageDesc pkge, int opensFlagsMask, ModuleDesc... opensToModules);
@@ -358,8 +370,10 @@ default ModuleAttributeBuilder exports(PackageDesc pkge, Collection<AccessFlag>
          * @param opensFlags the open package flags
          * @param opensToModules the modules to open to, or empty for an unqualified open
          * @return this builder
-         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any flag cannot be applied to the
-         *         {@link AccessFlag.Location#MODULE_OPENS} location, or if the
+         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code pkge} represents an
+         *         unnamed package; if any of {@code opensToModules} represents
+         *         an unnamed module; if any flag cannot be applied to the
+         *         {@link AccessFlag.Location#MODULE_OPENS} location; or if the
          *         number of modules exceeds the limit of {@link
          *         java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}
          */
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModuleExportInfo.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModuleExportInfo.java
index 09751817316..70211a4e356 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModuleExportInfo.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModuleExportInfo.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -171,13 +171,15 @@ static ModuleExportInfo of(PackageEntry exports,
      * @param exportFlags the export flags, as a bitmask
      * @param exportsTo the modules to which this package is exported, or empty
      *        if this is an unqualified export
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code exportFlags} is not {@link
-     *         java.lang.classfile##u2 u2} or if the number of modules exceeds
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code exports} represents an
+     *         unnamed package; if any of {@code exportsTo} represents an
+     *         unnamed module; if {@code exportFlags} is not {@link
+     *         java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}; or if the number of modules exceeds
      *         the limit of {@link java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}
      */
     static ModuleExportInfo of(PackageDesc exports, int exportFlags,
                                List<ModuleDesc> exportsTo) {
-        return of(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.packageEntry(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.utf8Entry(exports.internalName())),
+        return of(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.packageEntry(exports),
                 exportFlags,
                 Util.moduleEntryList(exportsTo));
     }
@@ -189,8 +191,10 @@ static ModuleExportInfo of(PackageDesc exports, int exportFlags,
      * @param exportFlags the export flags
      * @param exportsTo the modules to which this package is exported, or empty
      *        if this is an unqualified export
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any flag cannot be applied to the
-     *         {@link AccessFlag.Location#MODULE_EXPORTS} location, or if the
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code exports} represents an
+     *         unnamed package; if any of {@code exportsTo} represents an
+     *         unnamed module; if any flag cannot be applied to the
+     *         {@link AccessFlag.Location#MODULE_EXPORTS} location; or if the
      *         number of modules exceeds the limit of {@link
      *         java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}
      */
@@ -206,8 +210,10 @@ static ModuleExportInfo of(PackageDesc exports, Collection<AccessFlag> exportFla
      * @param exportFlags the export flags, as a bitmask
      * @param exportsTo the modules to which this package is exported, or empty
      *        if this is an unqualified export
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code exportFlags} is not {@link
-     *         java.lang.classfile##u2 u2} or if the number of modules exceeds
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code exports} represents an
+     *         unnamed package; if any of {@code exportsTo} represents an
+     *         unnamed module; if {@code exportFlags} is not {@link
+     *         java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}; or if the number of modules exceeds
      *         the limit of {@link java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}
      */
     static ModuleExportInfo of(PackageDesc exports,
@@ -223,8 +229,10 @@ static ModuleExportInfo of(PackageDesc exports,
      * @param exportFlags the export flags
      * @param exportsTo the modules to which this package is exported, or empty
      *        if this is an unqualified export
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any flag cannot be applied to the
-     *         {@link AccessFlag.Location#MODULE_EXPORTS} location, or if the
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code exports} represents an
+     *         unnamed package; if any of {@code exportsTo} represents an
+     *         unnamed module; if any flag cannot be applied to the
+     *         {@link AccessFlag.Location#MODULE_EXPORTS} location; or if the
      *         number of modules exceeds the limit of {@link
      *         java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}
      */
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModuleHashInfo.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModuleHashInfo.java
index e89a941296c..0774bc3d9b2 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModuleHashInfo.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModuleHashInfo.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -62,8 +62,10 @@ static ModuleHashInfo of(ModuleEntry moduleName, byte[] hash) {
      * {@return a module hash description}
      * @param moduleDesc the module name
      * @param hash the hash value
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code moduleDesc} represents an
+     *         unnamed module
      */
     static ModuleHashInfo of(ModuleDesc moduleDesc, byte[] hash) {
-        return new UnboundAttribute.UnboundModuleHashInfo(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.moduleEntry(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.utf8Entry(moduleDesc.name())), hash);
+        return new UnboundAttribute.UnboundModuleHashInfo(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.moduleEntry(moduleDesc), hash);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModuleOpenInfo.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModuleOpenInfo.java
index 3bccabcc907..851f72bd151 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModuleOpenInfo.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModuleOpenInfo.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -174,13 +174,15 @@ static ModuleOpenInfo of(PackageEntry opens,
      * @param opensFlags the open flags
      * @param opensTo the modules to which this package is opened, if it is a
      *                qualified open, or empty
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code opensFlags} is not {@link
-     *         java.lang.classfile##u2 u2} or if the number of modules exceeds
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code opens} represents an
+     *         unnamed package; if any of {@code opensTo} represents an
+     *         unnamed module; if {@code opensFlags} is not {@link
+     *         java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}; or if the number of modules exceeds
      *         the limit of {@link java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}
      */
     static ModuleOpenInfo of(PackageDesc opens, int opensFlags,
                              List<ModuleDesc> opensTo) {
-        return of(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.packageEntry(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.utf8Entry(opens.internalName())),
+        return of(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.packageEntry(opens),
                 opensFlags,
                 Util.moduleEntryList(opensTo));
     }
@@ -191,8 +193,10 @@ static ModuleOpenInfo of(PackageDesc opens, int opensFlags,
      * @param opensFlags the open flags
      * @param opensTo the modules to which this package is opened, if it is a
      *               qualified open, or empty
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any flag cannot be applied to the
-     *         {@link AccessFlag.Location#MODULE_OPENS} location, or the number
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code opens} represents an
+     *         unnamed package; if any of {@code opensTo} represents an
+     *         unnamed module; if any flag cannot be applied to the
+     *         {@link AccessFlag.Location#MODULE_OPENS} location; or the number
      *         of modules exceeds the limit of {@link java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}
      */
     static ModuleOpenInfo of(PackageDesc opens, Collection<AccessFlag> opensFlags,
@@ -206,8 +210,10 @@ static ModuleOpenInfo of(PackageDesc opens, Collection<AccessFlag> opensFlags,
      * @param opensFlags the open flags
      * @param opensTo the packages to which this package is opened, or empty if
      *               this is an unqualified open
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code opensFlags} is not {@link
-     *         java.lang.classfile##u2 u2} or if the number of modules exceeds
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code opens} represents an
+     *         unnamed package; if any of {@code opensTo} represents an
+     *         unnamed module; if {@code opensFlags} is not {@link
+     *         java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}; or if the number of modules exceeds
      *         the limit of {@link java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}
      */
     static ModuleOpenInfo of(PackageDesc opens,
@@ -222,8 +228,10 @@ static ModuleOpenInfo of(PackageDesc opens,
      * @param opensFlags the open flags
      * @param opensTo the packages to which this package is opened, or empty if
      *               this is an unqualified open
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any flag cannot be applied to the
-     *         {@link AccessFlag.Location#MODULE_OPENS} location, or the number
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code opens} represents an
+     *         unnamed package; if any of {@code opensTo} represents an
+     *         unnamed module; if any flag cannot be applied to the
+     *         {@link AccessFlag.Location#MODULE_OPENS} location; or the number
      *         of modules exceeds the limit of {@link java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}
      */
     static ModuleOpenInfo of(PackageDesc opens,
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModulePackagesAttribute.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModulePackagesAttribute.java
index 147e3ec9d1f..088a5f53fe7 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModulePackagesAttribute.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModulePackagesAttribute.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.BoundAttribute;
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.TemporaryConstantPool;
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.UnboundAttribute;
+import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.Util;
 
 /**
  * Models the {@link Attributes#modulePackages() ModulePackages} attribute (JVMS
@@ -94,21 +95,19 @@ static ModulePackagesAttribute of(PackageEntry... packages) {
     /**
      * {@return a {@code ModulePackages} attribute}
      * @param packages the packages
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the number of packages exceeds the
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any of {@code packages} represents an
+     *         unnamed package; or if the number of packages exceeds the
      *         limit of {@link java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}
      */
     static ModulePackagesAttribute ofNames(List<PackageDesc> packages) {
-        var p = new PackageEntry[packages.size()];
-        for (int i = 0; i < packages.size(); i++) {
-            p[i] = TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.packageEntry(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.utf8Entry(packages.get(i).internalName()));
-        }
-        return of(p);
+        return of(Util.packageEntryList(packages));
     }
 
     /**
      * {@return a {@code ModulePackages} attribute}
      * @param packages the packages
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the number of packages exceeds the
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any of {@code packages} represents an
+     *         unnamed package; or if the number of packages exceeds the
      *         limit of {@link java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}
      */
     static ModulePackagesAttribute ofNames(PackageDesc... packages) {
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModuleRequireInfo.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModuleRequireInfo.java
index 6e3e7df5ed0..7209fde96d5 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModuleRequireInfo.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/attribute/ModuleRequireInfo.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -123,11 +123,12 @@ static ModuleRequireInfo of(ModuleEntry requires, Collection<AccessFlag> require
      * @param requires the required module
      * @param requiresFlags the require-specific flags
      * @param requiresVersion the required version, may be {@code null}
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code requiresFlags} is not {@link
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code requires} represents an
+     *         unnamed module, or {@code requiresFlags} is not {@link
      *         java.lang.classfile##u2 u2}
      */
     static ModuleRequireInfo of(ModuleDesc requires, int requiresFlags, String requiresVersion) {
-        return new UnboundAttribute.UnboundModuleRequiresInfo(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.moduleEntry(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.utf8Entry(requires.name())), requiresFlags, Optional.ofNullable(requiresVersion).map(s -> TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.utf8Entry(s)));
+        return new UnboundAttribute.UnboundModuleRequiresInfo(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.moduleEntry(requires), requiresFlags, Optional.ofNullable(requiresVersion).map(s -> TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.utf8Entry(s)));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -136,7 +137,8 @@ static ModuleRequireInfo of(ModuleDesc requires, int requiresFlags, String requi
      * @param requires the required module
      * @param requiresFlags the require-specific flags
      * @param requiresVersion the required version, may be {@code null}
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any flag cannot be applied to the
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code requires} represents an
+     *         unnamed module; or if any flag cannot be applied to the
      *         {@link AccessFlag.Location#MODULE_REQUIRES} location
      */
     static ModuleRequireInfo of(ModuleDesc requires, Collection<AccessFlag> requiresFlags, String requiresVersion) {
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/ConstantPoolBuilder.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/ConstantPoolBuilder.java
index d10ff70120c..353d7e4112a 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/ConstantPoolBuilder.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/ConstantPoolBuilder.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.SplitConstantPool;
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.TemporaryConstantPool;
 import jdk.internal.classfile.impl.Util;
+import jdk.internal.constant.ConstantUtils;
 
 import static java.util.Objects.requireNonNull;
 
@@ -211,10 +212,12 @@ default ClassEntry classEntry(ClassDesc classDesc) {
      * provided {@link PackageDesc}}
      *
      * @param packageDesc the symbolic descriptor for the package
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the symbolic descriptor represents
+     *         an unnamed package
      * @see PackageEntry#asSymbol() PackageEntry::asSymbol
      */
     default PackageEntry packageEntry(PackageDesc packageDesc) {
-        return packageEntry(utf8Entry(packageDesc.internalName()));
+        return packageEntry(utf8Entry(ConstantUtils.validateNamedPackage(packageDesc).internalName()));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -231,10 +234,12 @@ default PackageEntry packageEntry(PackageDesc packageDesc) {
      * {@link ModuleDesc}}
      *
      * @param moduleDesc the symbolic descriptor for the module
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code moduleDesc} represents an
+     *         unnamed module
      * @see ModuleEntry#asSymbol() ModuleEntry::asSymbol
      */
     default ModuleEntry moduleEntry(ModuleDesc moduleDesc) {
-        return moduleEntry(utf8Entry(moduleDesc.name()));
+        return moduleEntry(utf8Entry(ConstantUtils.validateNamedModule(moduleDesc).name()));
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/ModuleEntry.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/ModuleEntry.java
index 169927868b6..1f9b59028c7 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/ModuleEntry.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/ModuleEntry.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -32,16 +32,17 @@
  * Models a {@code CONSTANT_Module_info} structure, denoting a module, in the
  * constant pool of a {@code class} file.
  * <p>
- * The use of a {@code ModuleEntry} is modeled by a {@link ModuleDesc}.
- * Conversions are through {@link ConstantPoolBuilder#moduleEntry(ModuleDesc)}
- * and {@link #asSymbol()}.
+ * The use of a {@code ModuleEntry} is modeled by a {@link ModuleDesc} that
+ * does not represent an unnamed module.  Conversions are through {@link
+ * ConstantPoolBuilder#moduleEntry(ModuleDesc)} and {@link #asSymbol()}.
  * <p>
  * A module entry is composite:
  * {@snippet lang=text :
  * // @link substring="ModuleEntry" target="ConstantPoolBuilder#moduleEntry(Utf8Entry)" :
  * ModuleEntry(Utf8Entry name) // @link substring="name" target="#name()"
  * }
- * where {@code name} is a {@linkplain #asSymbol() module name}.
+ * where {@code name} is an {@linkplain ModuleDesc#name() encoded module name}
+ * and is not empty.
  *
  * @jvms 4.4.11 The {@code CONSTANT_Module_info} Structure
  * @since 24
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@
 public sealed interface ModuleEntry extends PoolEntry
         permits AbstractPoolEntry.ModuleEntryImpl {
     /**
-     * {@return the name of the {@linkplain #asSymbol() module}}
+     * {@return the encoded name of the {@linkplain #asSymbol() module}}
      */
     Utf8Entry name();
 
@@ -65,6 +66,9 @@ public sealed interface ModuleEntry extends PoolEntry
 
     /**
      * {@return whether this entry describes the given module}
+     * <p>
+     * This method always returns {@code false} for a module descriptor
+     * representing an unnamed module.
      *
      * @param desc the module descriptor
      * @since 25
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/PackageEntry.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/PackageEntry.java
index 19f4560b5e6..672f0045364 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/PackageEntry.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/classfile/constantpool/PackageEntry.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
  * constant pool of a {@code class} file.
  * <p>
  * The use of a {@code PackageEntry} is represented by a {@link PackageDesc}
- * that does not represent the unnamed package.  Conversions are through
+ * that does not represent an unnamed package.  Conversions are through
  * {@link ConstantPoolBuilder#packageEntry(PackageDesc)} and
  * {@link #asSymbol()}.
  * <p>
@@ -68,6 +68,9 @@ public sealed interface PackageEntry extends PoolEntry
 
     /**
      * {@return whether this entry describes the given package}
+     * <p>
+     * This method always returns {@code false} for a package descriptor
+     * representing an unnamed package.
      *
      * @param desc the package descriptor
      * @since 25
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry.java
index 0210e40bfd2..dcae4949e8d 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/AbstractPoolEntry.java
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 import jdk.internal.access.JavaLangAccess;
 import jdk.internal.access.SharedSecrets;
 import jdk.internal.constant.ClassOrInterfaceDescImpl;
+import jdk.internal.constant.ConstantUtils;
 import jdk.internal.constant.PrimitiveClassDescImpl;
 import jdk.internal.util.ArraysSupport;
 import jdk.internal.util.ModifiedUtf;
@@ -448,6 +449,7 @@ public MethodTypeDesc methodTypeSymbol() {
 
         @Override
         public boolean isFieldType(ClassDesc desc) {
+            requireNonNull(desc);
             var sym = typeSym;
             if (sym != null) {
                 return sym instanceof ClassDesc cd && cd.equals(desc);
@@ -490,6 +492,7 @@ boolean mayBeArrayDescriptor() {
 
         @Override
         public boolean isMethodType(MethodTypeDesc desc) {
+            requireNonNull(desc);
             var sym = typeSym;
             if (sym != null) {
                 return sym instanceof MethodTypeDesc mtd && mtd.equals(desc);
@@ -628,6 +631,7 @@ public ClassDesc asSymbol() {
 
         @Override
         public boolean matches(ClassDesc desc) {
+            requireNonNull(desc);
             var sym = this.sym;
             if (sym != null) {
                 return sym.equals(desc);
@@ -695,11 +699,14 @@ public PackageEntry clone(ConstantPoolBuilder cp) {
 
         @Override
         public PackageDesc asSymbol() {
-            return PackageDesc.ofInternalName(asInternalName());
+            return ConstantUtils.validateNamedPackage(PackageDesc.ofInternalName(asInternalName()));
         }
 
         @Override
         public boolean matches(PackageDesc desc) {
+            if (desc.internalName().isEmpty()) {
+                return false; // The unnamed package is not representable
+            }
             return ref1.equalsString(desc.internalName());
         }
 
@@ -731,11 +738,14 @@ public ModuleEntry clone(ConstantPoolBuilder cp) {
 
         @Override
         public ModuleDesc asSymbol() {
-            return ModuleDesc.of(asInternalName());
+            return ConstantUtils.validateNamedModule(ModuleDesc.of(asInternalName()));
         }
 
         @Override
         public boolean matches(ModuleDesc desc) {
+            if (desc.name().isEmpty()) {
+                return false;
+            }
             return ref1.equalsString(desc.name());
         }
 
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ModuleAttributeBuilderImpl.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ModuleAttributeBuilderImpl.java
index 1b77af3746e..2150628e9e8 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ModuleAttributeBuilderImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/ModuleAttributeBuilderImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ public ModuleAttributeBuilderImpl(ModuleEntry moduleName) {
     }
 
     public ModuleAttributeBuilderImpl(ModuleDesc moduleName) {
-        this(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.moduleEntry(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.utf8Entry(moduleName.name())));
+        this(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.moduleEntry(moduleName));
     }
 
     public ModuleAttribute build() {
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ public ModuleAttribute build() {
     @Override
     public ModuleAttributeBuilder moduleName(ModuleDesc moduleName) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(moduleName);
-        moduleEntry = TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.moduleEntry(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.utf8Entry(moduleName.name()));
+        moduleEntry = TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.moduleEntry(moduleName);
         return this;
     }
 
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ public ModuleAttributeBuilder moduleVersion(String version) {
     @Override
     public ModuleAttributeBuilder requires(ModuleDesc module, int flags, String version) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(module);
-        return requires(ModuleRequireInfo.of(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.moduleEntry(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.utf8Entry(module.name())), flags, version == null ? null : TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.utf8Entry(version)));
+        return requires(ModuleRequireInfo.of(module, flags, version));
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -103,11 +103,7 @@ public ModuleAttributeBuilder requires(ModuleRequireInfo requires) {
 
     @Override
     public ModuleAttributeBuilder exports(PackageDesc pkge, int flags, ModuleDesc... exportsToModules) {
-        Objects.requireNonNull(pkge);
-        var exportsTo = new ArrayList<ModuleEntry>(exportsToModules.length);
-        for (var e : exportsToModules)
-            exportsTo.add(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.moduleEntry(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.utf8Entry(e.name())));
-        return exports(ModuleExportInfo.of(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.packageEntry(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.utf8Entry(pkge.internalName())), flags, exportsTo));
+        return exports(ModuleExportInfo.of(pkge, flags, exportsToModules));
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -119,11 +115,7 @@ public ModuleAttributeBuilder exports(ModuleExportInfo exports) {
 
     @Override
     public ModuleAttributeBuilder opens(PackageDesc pkge, int flags, ModuleDesc... opensToModules) {
-        Objects.requireNonNull(pkge);
-        var opensTo = new ArrayList<ModuleEntry>(opensToModules.length);
-        for (var e : opensToModules)
-            opensTo.add(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.moduleEntry(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.utf8Entry(e.name())));
-        return opens(ModuleOpenInfo.of(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.packageEntry(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.utf8Entry(pkge.internalName())), flags, opensTo));
+        return opens(ModuleOpenInfo.of(pkge, flags, opensToModules));
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -148,11 +140,7 @@ public ModuleAttributeBuilder uses(ClassEntry uses) {
 
     @Override
     public ModuleAttributeBuilder provides(ClassDesc service, ClassDesc... implClasses) {
-        Objects.requireNonNull(service);
-        var impls = new ArrayList<ClassEntry>(implClasses.length);
-        for (var seq : implClasses)
-            impls.add(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.classEntry(seq));
-        return provides(ModuleProvideInfo.of(TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.classEntry(service), impls));
+        return provides(ModuleProvideInfo.of(service, implClasses));
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/Util.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/Util.java
index 1e68421b8b6..23014e53b2a 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/Util.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/classfile/impl/Util.java
@@ -31,11 +31,13 @@
 import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.ConstantPool;
 import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.ConstantPoolBuilder;
 import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.ModuleEntry;
+import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.PackageEntry;
 import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.PoolEntry;
 import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.Utf8Entry;
 import java.lang.constant.ClassDesc;
 import java.lang.constant.MethodTypeDesc;
 import java.lang.constant.ModuleDesc;
+import java.lang.constant.PackageDesc;
 import java.lang.reflect.AccessFlag;
 import java.util.AbstractList;
 import java.util.Collection;
@@ -220,6 +222,15 @@ public static List<ModuleEntry> moduleEntryList(List<? extends ModuleDesc> list)
         return SharedSecrets.getJavaUtilCollectionAccess().listFromTrustedArray(result);
     }
 
+    public static List<PackageEntry> packageEntryList(List<? extends PackageDesc> list) {
+        var result = new Object[list.size()]; // null check
+        int i = 0;
+        for (var entry : list) {
+            result[i++] = TemporaryConstantPool.INSTANCE.packageEntry(entry);
+        }
+        return SharedSecrets.getJavaUtilCollectionAccess().listFromTrustedArray(result);
+    }
+
     public static void checkKind(Opcode op, Opcode.Kind k) {
         if (op.kind() != k)
             throw badOpcodeKindException(op, k);
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/constant/ConstantUtils.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/constant/ConstantUtils.java
index 15a178d7b29..cd2f2579b98 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/constant/ConstantUtils.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/constant/ConstantUtils.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@
 import java.lang.constant.ConstantDesc;
 import java.lang.constant.ConstantDescs;
 import java.lang.constant.MethodTypeDesc;
+import java.lang.constant.ModuleDesc;
+import java.lang.constant.PackageDesc;
 import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
 import java.util.Set;
 
@@ -249,7 +251,7 @@ public static String validateInternalClassName(String name) {
     /**
      * Validates the correctness of a binary package name.
      * In particular checks for the presence of invalid characters, consecutive,
-     * leading, or trailing {@code .}.  Allows empty strings for the unnamed package.
+     * leading, or trailing {@code .}.  Allows empty strings for an unnamed package.
      *
      * @param name the package name
      * @return the package name passed if valid
@@ -263,7 +265,7 @@ public static String validateBinaryPackageName(String name) {
     /**
      * Validates the correctness of an internal package name.
      * In particular checks for the presence of invalid characters, consecutive,
-     * leading, or trailing {@code /}.  Allows empty strings for the unnamed package.
+     * leading, or trailing {@code /}.  Allows empty strings for an unnamed package.
      *
      * @param name the package name
      * @return the package name passed if valid
@@ -274,6 +276,36 @@ public static String validateInternalPackageName(String name) {
         return validateClassOrPackageName(name, true, true);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Validates the correctness of a package descriptor for a PackageEntry,
+     * where an unnamed package is not allowed.
+     *
+     * @param desc the package descriptor
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the package descriptor is empty
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the package descriptor is {@code null}
+     */
+    public static PackageDesc validateNamedPackage(PackageDesc desc) {
+        if (desc.internalName().isEmpty()) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unnamed package not allowed");
+        }
+        return desc;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Validates the correctness of a module descriptor for a ModuleEntry,
+     * where an unnamed module is not allowed.
+     *
+     * @param desc the module descriptor
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the module descriptor is empty
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the module descriptor is {@code null}
+     */
+    public static ModuleDesc validateNamedModule(ModuleDesc desc) {
+        if (desc.name().isEmpty()) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unnamed module not allowed");
+        }
+        return desc;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Validates the correctness of a module name.
      * In particular checks for the presence of invalid characters in the name.
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/ConstantDescSymbolsTest.java b/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/ConstantDescSymbolsTest.java
index 97e25e0e885..99fda9f887a 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/ConstantDescSymbolsTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/ConstantDescSymbolsTest.java
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 8304031 8338406 8338546 8361909 8388362
+ * @bug 8304031 8338406 8338546 8361909 8388362 8388374
  * @summary Testing handling of various constant descriptors in ClassFile API.
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.constant
  *          java.base/jdk.internal.classfile.impl
@@ -66,6 +66,15 @@ void testNulls() {
         assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> cpb.constantValueEntry(null));
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void testUnnamed() {
+        var cpb = ConstantPoolBuilder.of();
+        var pkg = PackageDesc.of("");
+        var mdl = ModuleDesc.of("");
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> cpb.packageEntry(pkg));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> cpb.moduleEntry(mdl));
+    }
+
     // Testing that primitive class descs are encoded properly as loadable constants.
     @Test
     void testPrimitiveClassDesc() throws Throwable {
@@ -187,54 +196,35 @@ void testConstantPoolBuilderClassOrInterfaceEntry(ClassDesc cd) {
 
     @ParameterizedTest
     @MethodSource("equalityCases")
-    <T, P extends PoolEntry> void testAsSymbolEquality(ValidSymbolCase<T, P> validSymbolCase, String entryState, P p) {
-        var asSymbol = validSymbolCase.translator.extractor.apply(p);
+    <T, P extends PoolEntry> void testAsSymbolEquality(ValidSymbolCase<T, P> validSymbolCase, StatefulPoolEntry<P> entry) {
+        var asSymbol = validSymbolCase.translator.extractor.apply(entry.get());
         assertEquals(validSymbolCase.sym, asSymbol, "asSym vs sym");
         assertEquals(validSymbolCase.other, asSymbol, "asSym vs other sym");
-    }
-
-    @ParameterizedTest
-    @MethodSource("equalityCases")
-    <T, P extends PoolEntry> void testMatchesOriginalEquality(ValidSymbolCase<T, P> validSymbolCase, String entryState, P p) {
-        assertTrue(validSymbolCase.translator.tester.test(p, validSymbolCase.sym));
-    }
-
-    @ParameterizedTest
-    @MethodSource("equalityCases")
-    <T, P extends PoolEntry> void testMatchesEquivalentEquality(ValidSymbolCase<T, P> validSymbolCase, String entryState, P p) {
-        assertTrue(validSymbolCase.translator.tester.test(p, validSymbolCase.other));
+        var tester = validSymbolCase.translator.tester;
+        assertTrue(tester.test(entry.get(), validSymbolCase.sym), "matching original");
+        assertTrue(tester.test(entry.get(), validSymbolCase.other), "matching an equivalent");
+        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> tester.test(entry.get(), null));
     }
 
     @ParameterizedTest
     @MethodSource("inequalityCases")
-    <T, P extends PoolEntry> void testAsSymbolInequality(ValidSymbolCase<T, P> validSymbolCase, String stateName, P p) {
-        var asSymbol = validSymbolCase.translator.extractor.apply(p);
+    <T, P extends PoolEntry> void testAsSymbolInequality(ValidSymbolCase<T, P> validSymbolCase, StatefulPoolEntry<P> entry) {
+        var asSymbol = validSymbolCase.translator.extractor.apply(entry.get());
         assertEquals(validSymbolCase.sym, asSymbol, "asSymbol vs original");
         assertNotEquals(validSymbolCase.other, asSymbol, "asSymbol vs inequal");
-    }
-
-    @ParameterizedTest
-    @MethodSource("inequalityCases")
-    <T, P extends PoolEntry> void testMatchesOriginalInequality(ValidSymbolCase<T, P> validSymbolCase, String stateName, P p) {
-        assertTrue(validSymbolCase.translator.tester.test(p, validSymbolCase.sym));
-    }
-
-    @ParameterizedTest
-    @MethodSource("inequalityCases")
-    <T, P extends PoolEntry> void testMatchesNonEquivalentInequality(ValidSymbolCase<T, P> validSymbolCase, String stateName, P p) {
-        assertFalse(validSymbolCase.translator.tester.test(p, validSymbolCase.other));
-    }
-
-    @ParameterizedTest
-    @MethodSource("malformedCases")
-    <T, P extends PoolEntry> void testAsSymbolMalformed(InvalidSymbolCase<T, P> baseCase, String entryState, P p) {
-        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> baseCase.translator.extractor.apply(p));
+        var tester = validSymbolCase.translator.tester;
+        assertTrue(tester.test(entry.get(), validSymbolCase.sym), "matching original");
+        assertFalse(tester.test(entry.get(), validSymbolCase.other), "matching a false target");
+        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> tester.test(entry.get(), null));
     }
 
     @ParameterizedTest
     @MethodSource("malformedCases")
-    <T, P extends PoolEntry> void testMatchesMalformed(InvalidSymbolCase<T, P> baseCase, String entryState, P p) {
-        assertFalse(baseCase.translator.tester.test(p, baseCase.target));
+    <T, P extends PoolEntry> void testAsSymbolMalformed(InvalidSymbolCase<T, P> baseCase, StatefulPoolEntry<P> entry) {
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> baseCase.translator.extractor.apply(entry.get()), "fail extraction");
+        var tester = baseCase.translator.tester;
+        assertFalse(tester.test(entry.get(), baseCase.target), "matching a false target gracefully");
+        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> tester.test(entry.get(), null));
     }
 
     // Support for complex pool entry creation with different inflation states.
@@ -246,6 +236,9 @@ <T, P extends PoolEntry> void testMatchesMalformed(InvalidSymbolCase<T, P> baseC
 
     // a pool entry, suitable for testing lazy behaviors and has descriptive name
     record StatefulPoolEntry<P>(String desc, Supplier<P> factory) {
+        P get() {
+            return factory.get();
+        }
     }
 
     // Test pool entry <-> nominal descriptor, also the equals methods
@@ -275,14 +268,14 @@ public Stream<StatefulPoolEntry<P>> spawnBounded(Supplier<P> original) {
             return Stream.of(new StatefulPoolEntry<>(original.get().toString(), original))
                     .mapMulti((s, sink) -> {
                         sink.accept(s); // unbound
-                        sink.accept(new StatefulPoolEntry<>(s.desc + "+lazy", () -> toBoundEntry(s.factory.get()))); // bound
+                        sink.accept(new StatefulPoolEntry<>(s.desc + "+lazy", () -> toBoundEntry(s.get()))); // bound
                     });
         }
 
         // Add extra stage of entry spawn to "inflate" entries via positive/negative tests
         public StatefulPoolEntry<P> inflateByMatching(StatefulPoolEntry<P> last, T arg, String msg) {
             return new StatefulPoolEntry<>("+matches(" + msg + ")", () -> {
-                var ret = last.factory.get();
+                var ret = last.get();
                 tester.test(ret, arg);
                 return ret;
             });
@@ -292,7 +285,7 @@ public StatefulPoolEntry<P> inflateByMatching(StatefulPoolEntry<P> last, T arg,
         // This should not be used if the pool entry may be invalid (i.e. throws IAE)
         public StatefulPoolEntry<P> inflateByComputeSymbol(StatefulPoolEntry<P> last) {
             return new StatefulPoolEntry<>(last.desc + "+asSymbol()", () -> {
-                var ret = last.factory.get();
+                var ret = last.get();
                 extractor.apply(ret);
                 return ret;
             });
@@ -328,7 +321,7 @@ static <T, P extends PoolEntry> void specializeInflation(ValidSymbolCase<T, P> v
                     sink.accept(validSymbolCase.translator.inflateByMatching(src, validSymbolCase.other, "another symbol"));
                     sink.accept(validSymbolCase.translator.inflateByComputeSymbol(src));
                 })
-                .forEach(stateful -> callArgs.accept(Arguments.of(validSymbolCase, stateful.desc, stateful.factory.get())));
+                .forEach(stateful -> callArgs.accept(Arguments.of(validSymbolCase, stateful)));
     }
 
     static Stream<Arguments> equalityCases() {
@@ -379,7 +372,7 @@ static <T, P extends PoolEntry> void specializeInflation(InvalidSymbolCase<T, P>
                     sink.accept(src);
                     sink.accept(invalidSymbolCase.translator.inflateByMatching(src, invalidSymbolCase.target, "target"));
                 })
-                .forEach(stateful -> callArgs.accept(Arguments.of(invalidSymbolCase, stateful.desc, stateful.factory.get())));
+                .forEach(stateful -> callArgs.accept(Arguments.of(invalidSymbolCase, stateful)));
     }
 
     static Stream<Arguments> malformedCases() {
@@ -393,7 +386,9 @@ static Stream<Arguments> malformedCases() {
                 new InvalidSymbolCase<>(METHOD_TYPE_ENTRY_TRANSLATOR, badFactory(b -> b.methodTypeEntry(b.utf8Entry("(V)"))), MTD_void),
                 new InvalidSymbolCase<>(UTF8_METHOD_TYPE_TRANSLATOR, badFactory(b -> b.utf8Entry("()Ljava/lang/String")), MethodTypeDesc.of(CD_String)),
                 new InvalidSymbolCase<>(PACKAGE_ENTRY_TRANSLATOR, badFactory(b -> b.packageEntry(b.utf8Entry("java.lang"))), PackageDesc.of("java.lang")),
-                new InvalidSymbolCase<>(MODULE_ENTRY_TRANSLATOR, badFactory(b -> b.moduleEntry(b.utf8Entry("java@base"))), ModuleDesc.of("java.base"))
+                new InvalidSymbolCase<>(PACKAGE_ENTRY_TRANSLATOR, badFactory(b -> b.packageEntry(b.utf8Entry(""))), PackageDesc.of("")),
+                new InvalidSymbolCase<>(MODULE_ENTRY_TRANSLATOR, badFactory(b -> b.moduleEntry(b.utf8Entry("java@base"))), ModuleDesc.of("java.base")),
+                new InvalidSymbolCase<>(MODULE_ENTRY_TRANSLATOR, badFactory(b -> b.moduleEntry(b.utf8Entry(""))), ModuleDesc.of(""))
         ).mapMulti(ConstantDescSymbolsTest::specializeInflation);
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/ModuleBuilderTest.java b/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/ModuleBuilderTest.java
index aaf4b3098be..7b823af7b96 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/ModuleBuilderTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/classfile/ModuleBuilderTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,28 +23,32 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
+ * @bug 8388374
  * @summary Testing ClassFile building module.
  * @run junit ModuleBuilderTest
  */
-import java.lang.classfile.*;
 
+import java.lang.classfile.Attributes;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassModel;
 import java.lang.classfile.attribute.ModuleAttribute;
 import java.lang.classfile.attribute.ModuleExportInfo;
+import java.lang.classfile.attribute.ModuleHashInfo;
 import java.lang.classfile.attribute.ModuleMainClassAttribute;
 import java.lang.classfile.attribute.ModuleOpenInfo;
 import java.lang.classfile.attribute.ModulePackagesAttribute;
 import java.lang.classfile.attribute.ModuleProvideInfo;
 import java.lang.classfile.attribute.ModuleRequireInfo;
-import java.lang.classfile.Attributes;
+import java.lang.constant.ClassDesc;
 import java.lang.constant.ModuleDesc;
 import java.lang.constant.PackageDesc;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
-
-import java.lang.constant.ClassDesc;
 import java.net.URI;
-import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.nio.file.Paths;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
 
@@ -198,4 +202,83 @@ void verifyIsModuleInfo() throws Exception {
         ClassModel m = ClassFile.of().parse(Paths.get(URI.create(ModuleBuilderTest.class.getResource("ModuleBuilderTest.class").toString())));
         assertFalse(m.isModuleInfo());
     }
+
+    @Test
+    void unnamedPackageAndModuleChecks() {
+        var goodPackage = PackageDesc.of("java.lang");
+        var goodModule = ModuleDesc.of("java.desktop");
+        var unnamedPackage = PackageDesc.of("");
+        var unnamedModule = ModuleDesc.of("");
+        PackageDesc[] goodPackageArray = {goodPackage};
+        ModuleDesc[] goodModuleArray = {goodModule};
+        PackageDesc[] containsUnnamedPackageArray = {goodPackage, unnamedPackage};
+        ModuleDesc[] containsUnnamedModuleArray = {unnamedModule, goodModule};
+        var goodPackageList = List.of(goodPackageArray);
+        var goodModuleList = List.of(goodModuleArray);
+        var containsUnnamedPackageList = List.of(containsUnnamedPackageArray);
+        var containsUnnamedModuleList = List.of(containsUnnamedModuleArray);
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ModuleAttribute.of(unnamedModule, _ -> {}));
+        AtomicBoolean reached = new AtomicBoolean(false);
+        ModuleAttribute.of(goodModule, b -> {
+            assertDoesNotThrow(() -> b.moduleName(goodModule));
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> b.moduleName(unnamedModule));
+            assertDoesNotThrow(() -> b.requires(goodModule, 0, null));
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> b.requires(unnamedModule, 0, null));
+            assertDoesNotThrow(() -> b.requires(goodModule, Set.of(), null));
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> b.requires(unnamedModule, Set.of(), null));
+            assertDoesNotThrow(() -> b.exports(goodPackage, 0, goodModuleArray));
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> b.exports(unnamedPackage, 0, goodModuleArray));
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> b.exports(goodPackage, 0, containsUnnamedModuleArray));
+            assertDoesNotThrow(() -> b.exports(goodPackage, Set.of(), goodModuleArray));
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> b.exports(unnamedPackage, Set.of(), goodModuleArray));
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> b.exports(goodPackage, Set.of(), containsUnnamedModuleArray));
+            assertDoesNotThrow(() -> b.opens(goodPackage, 0, goodModuleArray));
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> b.opens(unnamedPackage, 0, goodModuleArray));
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> b.opens(goodPackage, 0, containsUnnamedModuleArray));
+            assertDoesNotThrow(() -> b.opens(goodPackage, Set.of(), goodModuleArray));
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> b.opens(unnamedPackage, Set.of(), goodModuleArray));
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> b.opens(goodPackage, Set.of(), containsUnnamedModuleArray));
+            reached.set(true);
+        });
+        assertTrue(reached.get());
+
+        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> ModuleExportInfo.of(goodPackage, 0, goodModuleArray));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ModuleExportInfo.of(unnamedPackage, 0, goodModuleArray));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ModuleExportInfo.of(goodPackage, 0, containsUnnamedModuleArray));
+        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> ModuleExportInfo.of(goodPackage, Set.of(), goodModuleArray));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ModuleExportInfo.of(unnamedPackage, Set.of(), goodModuleArray));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ModuleExportInfo.of(goodPackage, Set.of(), containsUnnamedModuleArray));
+        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> ModuleExportInfo.of(goodPackage, 0, goodModuleList));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ModuleExportInfo.of(unnamedPackage, 0, goodModuleList));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ModuleExportInfo.of(goodPackage, 0, containsUnnamedModuleList));
+        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> ModuleExportInfo.of(goodPackage, Set.of(), goodModuleList));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ModuleExportInfo.of(unnamedPackage, Set.of(), goodModuleList));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ModuleExportInfo.of(goodPackage, Set.of(), containsUnnamedModuleList));
+
+        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> ModuleOpenInfo.of(goodPackage, 0, goodModuleArray));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ModuleOpenInfo.of(unnamedPackage, 0, goodModuleArray));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ModuleOpenInfo.of(goodPackage, 0, containsUnnamedModuleArray));
+        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> ModuleOpenInfo.of(goodPackage, Set.of(), goodModuleArray));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ModuleOpenInfo.of(unnamedPackage, Set.of(), goodModuleArray));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ModuleOpenInfo.of(goodPackage, Set.of(), containsUnnamedModuleArray));
+        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> ModuleOpenInfo.of(goodPackage, 0, goodModuleList));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ModuleOpenInfo.of(unnamedPackage, 0, goodModuleList));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ModuleOpenInfo.of(goodPackage, 0, containsUnnamedModuleList));
+        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> ModuleOpenInfo.of(goodPackage, Set.of(), goodModuleList));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ModuleOpenInfo.of(unnamedPackage, Set.of(), goodModuleList));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ModuleOpenInfo.of(goodPackage, Set.of(), containsUnnamedModuleList));
+
+        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> ModuleRequireInfo.of(goodModule, 0, null));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ModuleRequireInfo.of(unnamedModule, 0, null));
+        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> ModuleRequireInfo.of(goodModule, Set.of(), null));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ModuleRequireInfo.of(unnamedModule, Set.of(), null));
+
+        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> ModuleHashInfo.of(goodModule, new byte[0]));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ModuleHashInfo.of(unnamedModule, new byte[0]));
+
+        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> ModulePackagesAttribute.ofNames(goodPackageArray));
+        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> ModulePackagesAttribute.ofNames(goodPackageList));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ModulePackagesAttribute.ofNames(containsUnnamedPackageArray));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ModulePackagesAttribute.ofNames(containsUnnamedPackageList));
+    }
 }

From dcc4ac85d0b3bd58cef15afdfb37db48374ce633 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ashay Rane <arane@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2026 16:02:18 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 524/707] 8390002: Windows AArch64 needs an additional yellow
 stack page (total 3)

Reviewed-by: iklam, aph, coleenp
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/globals_aarch64.hpp   |  2 +-
 .../TestWindowsStackYellowPages.java          | 49 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 50 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/StackGuardPages/TestWindowsStackYellowPages.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/globals_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/globals_aarch64.hpp
index e79e1fc9e6a..24a80c70d0a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/globals_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/globals_aarch64.hpp
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ define_pd_global(size_t, CodeCacheSegmentSize,   64);
 define_pd_global(uint, CodeEntryAlignment,       64);
 define_pd_global(intx, OptoLoopAlignment,        16);
 
-#define DEFAULT_STACK_YELLOW_PAGES (2)
+#define DEFAULT_STACK_YELLOW_PAGES (NOT_WINDOWS(2) WINDOWS_ONLY(3))
 #define DEFAULT_STACK_RED_PAGES (1)
 // Java_java_net_SocketOutputStream_socketWrite0() uses a 64k buffer on the
 // stack if compiled for unix and LP64. To pass stack overflow tests we need
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/StackGuardPages/TestWindowsStackYellowPages.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/StackGuardPages/TestWindowsStackYellowPages.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..045fc6f0d4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/StackGuardPages/TestWindowsStackYellowPages.java
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Microsoft and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8390002
+ * @summary Verifies that on Windows, there is are three yellow stack pages,
+ *          since Windows requires an additional yellow stack page for the
+ *          OS-managed stack-growth guard page
+ * @requires os.family == "windows"
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run driver TestWindowsStackYellowPages
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+
+public class TestWindowsStackYellowPages {
+    private static final String FLAG = "StackYellowPages";
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        ProcessTools.executeTestJava("-XX:+PrintFlagsFinal", "-version")
+                    .shouldMatch(FLAG + "[ ]+=[ ]+3")
+                    .shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+
+        ProcessTools.executeTestJava("-XX:" + FLAG + "=2", "-version")
+                    .shouldContain(FLAG + "=2 is outside the allowed range")
+                    .shouldNotHaveExitValue(0);
+    }
+}

From 39392a489eb09bd46a7ffe74ee0b7bdaadd01860 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ioi Lam <iklam@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2026 16:04:28 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 525/707] 8389860: Remove CDS "optimized module handling"
 optimization

Reviewed-by: kvn, matsaave
---
 src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp        |   6 +-
 src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.hpp        |   5 -
 src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp           |  21 +-
 src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.hpp           |   8 +-
 src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp             |  11 +-
 src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.hpp             |   3 -
 src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp          |   6 +-
 src/hotspot/share/classfile/modules.cpp       |   5 +-
 .../share/classfile/systemDictionary.cpp      |   2 +-
 test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups                |   2 -
 .../jigsaw/addopens/AddopensOption.java       |   3 +-
 .../jigsaw/module/EnableNativeAccessCDS.java  |  10 +-
 .../jigsaw/modulepath/ModulePathAndFMG.java   |  47 +--
 .../OptimizeModuleHandlingTest.java           | 370 ------------------
 14 files changed, 38 insertions(+), 461 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/OptimizeModuleHandlingTest.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
index c9162ecb0ac..31840f04c38 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
@@ -117,7 +117,6 @@ void* AOTMetaspace::_aot_metaspace_static_top = nullptr;
 intx AOTMetaspace::_relocation_delta;
 char* AOTMetaspace::_requested_base_address;
 Array<Method*>* AOTMetaspace::_archived_method_handle_intrinsics = nullptr;
-bool AOTMetaspace::_use_optimized_module_handling = true;
 int volatile AOTMetaspace::_preimage_static_archive_dumped = 0;
 FileMapInfo* AOTMetaspace::_output_mapinfo = nullptr;
 
@@ -1192,8 +1191,8 @@ void AOTMetaspace::dump_static_archive_impl(StaticArchiveBuilder& builder, TRAPS
     AOTReferenceObjSupport::initialize(CHECK);
     AOTReferenceObjSupport::stabilize_cached_reference_objects(CHECK);
   } else {
-    log_info(aot)("Not dumping heap, reset CDSConfig::_is_using_optimized_module_handling");
-    CDSConfig::stop_using_optimized_module_handling();
+    log_info(aot)("Not dumping heap, disable full module graph");
+    CDSConfig::disable_full_module_graph();
   }
 #endif
 
@@ -1853,7 +1852,6 @@ MapArchiveResult AOTMetaspace::map_archives(FileMapInfo* static_mapinfo, FileMap
       }
     }
 #endif // INCLUDE_CLASS_SPACE
-    log_info(aot)("initial optimized module handling: %s", CDSConfig::is_using_optimized_module_handling() ? "enabled" : "disabled");
     log_info(aot)("initial full module graph: %s", CDSConfig::is_using_full_module_graph() ? "enabled" : "disabled");
   } else {
     unmap_archive(static_mapinfo);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.hpp
index cc90c9da3b0..163fff73f8f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.hpp
@@ -58,7 +58,6 @@ class AOTMetaspace : AllStatic {
   static void* _aot_metaspace_static_top;
   static intx _relocation_delta;
   static char* _requested_base_address;
-  static bool _use_optimized_module_handling;
   static Array<Method*>* _archived_method_handle_intrinsics;
   static int volatile _preimage_static_archive_dumped;
   static FileMapInfo* _output_mapinfo;
@@ -184,10 +183,6 @@ class AOTMetaspace : AllStatic {
     return is_windows;
   }
 
-  // Can we skip some expensive operations related to modules?
-  static bool use_optimized_module_handling() { return NOT_CDS(false) CDS_ONLY(_use_optimized_module_handling); }
-  static void disable_optimized_module_handling() { _use_optimized_module_handling = false; }
-
   // Check if the supplied shared base address can be used as the encoding base.
   static bool shared_base_valid(char* shared_base);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp
index 5a534bba0f0..3e51712c75e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp
@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ bool CDSConfig::_is_dumping_static_archive = false;
 bool CDSConfig::_is_dumping_preimage_static_archive = false;
 bool CDSConfig::_is_dumping_final_static_archive = false;
 bool CDSConfig::_is_dumping_dynamic_archive = false;
-bool CDSConfig::_is_using_optimized_module_handling = true;
 bool CDSConfig::_is_dumping_full_module_graph = true;
 bool CDSConfig::_is_using_full_module_graph = true;
 bool CDSConfig::_has_aot_linked_classes = false;
@@ -325,8 +324,8 @@ void CDSConfig::ergo_init_classic_archive_paths() {
 
 void CDSConfig::check_internal_module_property(const char* key, const char* value) {
   if (Arguments::is_incompatible_cds_internal_module_property(key)) {
-    stop_using_optimized_module_handling();
-    aot_log_info(aot)("optimized module handling: disabled due to incompatible property: %s=%s", key, value);
+    disable_full_module_graph();
+    aot_log_info(aot)("full mmodule graph: disabled due to incompatible property: %s=%s", key, value);
   }
 }
 
@@ -580,9 +579,8 @@ void CDSConfig::check_aotmode_record() {
   _is_dumping_static_archive = true;
   _is_dumping_preimage_static_archive = true;
 
-  // At VM exit, the module graph may be contaminated with program states.
+  // At the end of the training run, the module graph may be contaminated with program states.
   // We will rebuild the module graph when dumping the CDS final image.
-  _is_using_optimized_module_handling = false;
   _is_using_full_module_graph = false;
   _is_dumping_full_module_graph = false;
 }
@@ -863,13 +861,6 @@ bool CDSConfig::is_dumping_regenerated_lambdaform_invokers() {
   }
 }
 
-void CDSConfig::stop_using_optimized_module_handling() {
-  _is_using_optimized_module_handling = false;
-  _is_dumping_full_module_graph = false; // This requires is_using_optimized_module_handling()
-  _is_using_full_module_graph = false; // This requires is_using_optimized_module_handling()
-}
-
-
 CDSConfig::DumperThreadMark::DumperThreadMark(JavaThread* current) {
   assert(_dumper_thread == nullptr, "sanity");
   _dumper_thread = current;
@@ -1018,6 +1009,12 @@ bool CDSConfig::is_using_klass_subgraphs() {
           !CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive());
 }
 
+// Prevent the JVM from dumping or using the archived full module graph
+void CDSConfig::disable_full_module_graph() {
+  _is_dumping_full_module_graph = false;
+  _is_using_full_module_graph = false;
+}
+
 bool CDSConfig::is_using_full_module_graph() {
   if (ClassLoaderDataShared::is_full_module_graph_loaded()) {
     return true;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.hpp
index 739dbb4937b..f722ba7b270 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.hpp
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ class CDSConfig : public AllStatic {
   static bool _is_dumping_preimage_static_archive;
   static bool _is_dumping_final_static_archive;
   static bool _is_dumping_dynamic_archive;
-  static bool _is_using_optimized_module_handling;
   static bool _is_dumping_full_module_graph;
   static bool _is_using_full_module_graph;
   static bool _has_aot_linked_classes;
@@ -156,10 +155,6 @@ class CDSConfig : public AllStatic {
   // This is *Legacy* optimization for lambdas before JEP 483. May be removed in the future.
   static bool is_dumping_lambdas_in_legacy_mode()            NOT_CDS_RETURN_(false);
 
-  // optimized_module_handling -- can we skip some expensive operations related to modules?
-  static bool is_using_optimized_module_handling()           { return CDS_ONLY(_is_using_optimized_module_handling) NOT_CDS(false); }
-  static void stop_using_optimized_module_handling()         NOT_CDS_RETURN;
-
   static bool is_logging_lambda_form_invokers()              NOT_CDS_RETURN_(false);
   static bool is_dumping_regenerated_lambdaform_invokers()   NOT_CDS_RETURN_(false);
 
@@ -194,9 +189,10 @@ class CDSConfig : public AllStatic {
   static bool is_dumping_invokedynamic()                     NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN_(false);
   static bool is_dumping_method_handles()                    NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN_(false);
 
-  // full_module_graph (requires optimized_module_handling)
+  // full_module_graph (jdk.internal.module.ArchivedBootLayer::archivedBootLayer)
   static bool is_dumping_full_module_graph()                 { return CDS_ONLY(_is_dumping_full_module_graph) NOT_CDS(false); }
   static bool is_using_full_module_graph()                   NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN_(false);
+  static void disable_full_module_graph()                    NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN;
   static void stop_dumping_full_module_graph(const char* reason = nullptr) NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN;
   static void stop_using_full_module_graph(const char* reason = nullptr) NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp
index aa4176b2ace..81c49d6fc8a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp
@@ -311,7 +311,6 @@ void FileMapHeader::populate(FileMapInfo *info, size_t core_region_alignment,
   _type_profile_casts = TypeProfileCasts;
   _spec_trap_limit_extra_entries = SpecTrapLimitExtraEntries;
   _max_heap_size = MaxHeapSize;
-  _use_optimized_module_handling = CDSConfig::is_using_optimized_module_handling();
   _aot_class_linking_value = AOTClassLinking;
   _has_aot_linked_classes = CDSConfig::is_dumping_aot_linked_classes();
   _has_full_module_graph = CDSConfig::is_dumping_full_module_graph();
@@ -396,7 +395,6 @@ void FileMapHeader::print(outputStream* st) {
 
   st->print_cr("- _rw_ptrmap_start_pos:                     %zu", _rw_ptrmap_start_pos);
   st->print_cr("- _ro_ptrmap_start_pos:                     %zu", _ro_ptrmap_start_pos);
-  st->print_cr("- use_optimized_module_handling:            %d", _use_optimized_module_handling);
   st->print_cr("- has_full_module_graph                     %d", _has_full_module_graph);
   st->print_cr("- has_valhalla_patched_classes              %d", _has_valhalla_patched_classes);
   _must_match.print(st);
@@ -418,8 +416,8 @@ bool FileMapInfo::validate_class_location() {
   }
 
   if (header()->has_full_module_graph() && has_extra_module_paths) {
-    CDSConfig::stop_using_optimized_module_handling();
-    AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("optimized module handling: disabled because extra module path(s) are specified");
+    CDSConfig::disable_full_module_graph();
+    AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("full module graph: disabled because extra module path(s) are specified");
   }
 
   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_dynamic_archive()) {
@@ -2056,11 +2054,6 @@ bool FileMapHeader::validate() {
     return false;
   }
 
-  if (!_use_optimized_module_handling && !CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive()) {
-    CDSConfig::stop_using_optimized_module_handling();
-    aot_log_info(aot)("optimized module handling: disabled because archive was created without optimized module handling");
-  }
-
   if (is_static()) {
     // Only the static archive can contain the full module graph.
     if (!_has_full_module_graph) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.hpp
index 293831cd0d8..9bb5686832a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.hpp
@@ -173,9 +173,6 @@ class FileMapHeader: private CDSFileMapHeaderBase {
   bool   _has_platform_or_app_classes;  // Archive contains app or platform classes
   char*  _requested_base_address;       // Archive relocation is not necessary if we map with this base address.
   char*  _mapped_base_address;          // Actual base address where archive is mapped.
-
-  bool   _use_optimized_module_handling;// No module-relation VM options were specified, so we can skip
-                                        // some expensive operations.
   bool   _has_aot_linked_classes;       // Was the CDS archive created with -XX:+AOTClassLinking
   bool   _aot_class_linking_value;      // The value of the AOTClassLinking variable when this archive was created
   bool   _has_full_module_graph;        // Does this CDS archive contain the full archived module graph?
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp
index 8739b1f6aef..bc1713f1f52 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp
@@ -1471,13 +1471,13 @@ void HeapShared::initialize_from_archived_subgraph(JavaThread* current, Klass* k
   }
 
   if (k->name()->equals("jdk/internal/module/ArchivedModuleGraph") &&
-      !CDSConfig::is_using_optimized_module_handling() &&
+      !CDSConfig::is_using_full_module_graph() &&
       // archive was created with --module-path
       AOTClassLocationConfig::runtime()->num_module_paths() > 0) {
     // ArchivedModuleGraph was created with a --module-path that's different than the runtime --module-path.
     // Thus, it might contain references to modules that do not exist at runtime. We cannot use it.
-    log_info(aot, heap)("Skip initializing ArchivedModuleGraph subgraph: is_using_optimized_module_handling=%s num_module_paths=%d",
-                        BOOL_TO_STR(CDSConfig::is_using_optimized_module_handling()),
+    log_info(aot, heap)("Skip initializing ArchivedModuleGraph subgraph: is_using_full_module_graph=%s num_module_paths=%d",
+                        BOOL_TO_STR(CDSConfig::is_using_full_module_graph()),
                         AOTClassLocationConfig::runtime()->num_module_paths());
     return;
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/modules.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/modules.cpp
index 4e6943084ad..6892d694d63 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/modules.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/modules.cpp
@@ -608,8 +608,8 @@ void Modules::ArchivedProperty::runtime_check() const {
   }
 
   if (disable) {
-    AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("Disabling optimized module handling");
-    CDSConfig::stop_using_optimized_module_handling();
+    AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("Disabling full module graph");
+    CDSConfig::disable_full_module_graph();
   }
 }
 
@@ -686,7 +686,6 @@ void Modules::serialize_archived_module_info(SerializeClosure* soc) {
     archived_prop(i).serialize(soc);
   }
   if (soc->reading()) {
-    aot_log_info(aot)("optimized module handling: %s", CDSConfig::is_using_optimized_module_handling() ? "enabled" : "disabled");
     aot_log_info(aot)("full module graph: %s", CDSConfig::is_using_full_module_graph() ? "enabled" : "disabled");
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionary.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionary.cpp
index 54b5663e241..87af1458c18 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionary.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionary.cpp
@@ -979,7 +979,7 @@ bool SystemDictionary::is_shared_class_visible(Symbol* class_name,
 
   // (2) Check if we are loading into the same module from the same location as in dump time.
 
-  if (CDSConfig::is_using_optimized_module_handling()) {
+  if (CDSConfig::is_using_full_module_graph()) {
     // Class visibility has not changed between dump time and run time, so a class
     // that was visible (and thus archived) during dump time is always visible during runtime.
     assert(SystemDictionary::is_shared_class_visible_impl(class_name, ik, pkg_entry, class_loader),
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
index 390f4e491a1..2c364842503 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
@@ -455,7 +455,6 @@ hotspot_appcds_dynamic = \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/dynamicArchive \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/ExactOptionMatch.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/ModulePathAndFMG.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/OptimizeModuleHandlingTest.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/loaderConstraints/DynamicLoaderConstraintsTest.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/javaldr/ArrayTest.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/jcmd/JCmdTestStaticDump.java \
@@ -578,7 +577,6 @@ hotspot_aot_classlinking = \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/ModulePathAndCP.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/ModulePathAndCP_JFR.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/ModulePathAndFMG.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/OptimizeModuleHandlingTest.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/overridetests/OverrideTests.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/RedefineClassesInModuleGraph.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/JvmtiAddPath.java \
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/addopens/AddopensOption.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/addopens/AddopensOption.java
index 6f1864f90bd..14ad5161f29 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/addopens/AddopensOption.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/addopens/AddopensOption.java
@@ -123,8 +123,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             "--add-opens", addOpensNio,
             "-m", moduleOption,
             "-version");
-        oa.shouldContain("optimized module handling: enabled")
-          .shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+        oa.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
 
         // dump an archive with multiple --add-modules args
         archiveName = TestCommon.getNewArchiveName("muti-addopens");
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/module/EnableNativeAccessCDS.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/module/EnableNativeAccessCDS.java
index 10c4000649b..18e921f5c5e 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/module/EnableNativeAccessCDS.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/module/EnableNativeAccessCDS.java
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public class EnableNativeAccessCDS {
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         final String module0 = "java.base";
         final String module1 = "jdk.httpserver";
-        final String disabledOptimizedModule = "Disabling optimized module handling";
+        final String disablingFMG = "Disabling full module graph";
         final String loggingOption = "-Xlog:cds=debug";
 
         String archiveName = TestCommon.getNewArchiveName("native-access");
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             "-version");
         oa.shouldHaveExitValue(0)
           .shouldContain("Mismatched values for property jdk.module.enable.native.access: runtime jdk.httpserver dump time java.base")
-          .shouldContain(disabledOptimizedModule);
+          .shouldContain(disablingFMG);
 
         // no module specified during runtime
         oa = TestCommon.execCommon(
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             "-version");
         oa.shouldHaveExitValue(0)
           .shouldContain("Mismatched values for property jdk.module.enable.native.access: java.base specified during dump time but not during runtime")
-          .shouldContain(disabledOptimizedModule);
+          .shouldContain(disablingFMG);
 
         // dump an archive without --enable-native-access option
         archiveName = TestCommon.getNewArchiveName("no-native-access-modules");
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             "-version");
         oa.shouldHaveExitValue(0)
           .shouldContain("Mismatched values for property jdk.module.enable.native.access: java.base specified during runtime but not during dump time")
-          .shouldContain(disabledOptimizedModule);
+          .shouldContain(disablingFMG);
 
         // dump an archive with multiple modules with native access
         archiveName = TestCommon.getNewArchiveName("multiple-native-access-modules");
@@ -128,6 +128,6 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             "-version");
         oa.shouldHaveExitValue(0)
           .shouldContain("Mismatched values for property jdk.module.enable.native.access: runtime java.base dump time java.base,jdk.httpserver")
-          .shouldContain(disabledOptimizedModule);
+          .shouldContain(disablingFMG);
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/ModulePathAndFMG.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/ModulePathAndFMG.java
index 1d9ad077f6f..41fa1a6493c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/ModulePathAndFMG.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/ModulePathAndFMG.java
@@ -76,8 +76,6 @@ public class ModulePathAndFMG {
     private static String CLASS_NOT_FOUND_MESSAGE = "java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.foos.Test";
     private static String FIND_EXCEPTION_MESSAGE = "java.lang.module.FindException: Module com.foos not found, required by com.bars";
     private static String MODULE_NOT_RECOGNIZED = "Module format not recognized:.*modylibs.*com.bars.JAR";
-    private static String OPTIMIZE_ENABLED = "] optimized module handling: enabled";
-    private static String OPTIMIZE_DISABLED = "] optimized module handling: disabled";
     private static String FMG_ENABLED = "] full module graph: enabled";
     private static String FMG_DISABLED = "] full module graph: disabled";
     private static String MAIN_FROM_JAR = "class,load.*com.bars.Main.*[.]jar";
@@ -166,9 +164,7 @@ public static void runWithModulePath() throws Exception {
                                  libsDir.toString(), // --module-path
                                  MAIN_MODULE)        // -m
             .assertNormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_DISABLED)
-                   .shouldContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED)
-                   .shouldNotContain(FMG_DISABLED)
+                out.shouldNotContain(FMG_DISABLED)
                    .shouldContain(FMG_ENABLED)
                    .shouldMatch(MAIN_FROM_CDS)       // archived Main class is for module only
                    .shouldContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE);
@@ -183,8 +179,6 @@ public static void runWithModulePath() throws Exception {
                 out.shouldContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE)
                    .shouldMatch(MAIN_FROM_JAR)
                    .shouldMatch(TEST_FROM_JAR)
-                   .shouldContain(OPTIMIZE_DISABLED)
-                   .shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED)
                    .shouldContain(FMG_DISABLED)
                    .shouldNotContain(FMG_ENABLED);
             });
@@ -198,8 +192,7 @@ public static void runWithModulePath() throws Exception {
             .assertNormalExit(out -> {
                 out.shouldContain(CLASS_NOT_FOUND_MESSAGE)
                    .shouldMatch(MAIN_FROM_JAR)
-                   .shouldNotContain(FMG_ENABLED)
-                   .shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED);
+                   .shouldNotContain(FMG_ENABLED);
             });
 
         final String modularJarPath = mainJar.toString() + PATH_SEPARATOR + testJar.toString();
@@ -210,9 +203,7 @@ public static void runWithModulePath() throws Exception {
                                  modularJarPath,     // --module-path
                                  MAIN_MODULE)        // -m
             .assertNormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_DISABLED)
-                   .shouldContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED)
-                   .shouldNotContain(FMG_DISABLED)
+                out.shouldNotContain(FMG_DISABLED)
                    .shouldContain(FMG_ENABLED)
                    .shouldMatch(MAIN_FROM_CDS);       // archived Main class is for module only
             });
@@ -232,9 +223,7 @@ public static void runWithModulePath() throws Exception {
                                  libsDir.toString(), // --module-path
                                  MAIN_MODULE)        // -m
             .assertNormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldContain(OPTIMIZE_DISABLED)
-                   .shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED)
-                   .shouldContain(FMG_DISABLED)
+                out.shouldContain(FMG_DISABLED)
                    .shouldNotContain(FMG_ENABLED)
                    .shouldMatch(MAIN_FROM_CDS)       // archived Main class is for module only
                    .shouldContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE);
@@ -246,9 +235,7 @@ public static void runWithModulePath() throws Exception {
                                  extraModulePath,    // --module-path
                                  MAIN_MODULE)        // -m
             .assertNormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED)
-                   .shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_DISABLED)
-                   .shouldContain(FMG_ENABLED)
+                out.shouldContain(FMG_ENABLED)
                    .shouldNotContain(FMG_DISABLED)
                    .shouldMatch(MAIN_FROM_CDS)       // archived Main class is for module only
                    .shouldContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE);
@@ -269,9 +256,7 @@ public static void runWithModulePath() throws Exception {
                                  modularJarPath,     // --module-path
                                  MAIN_MODULE)        // -m
             .assertNormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldContain(OPTIMIZE_DISABLED)
-                   .shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED)
-                   .shouldContain(FMG_DISABLED)
+                out.shouldContain(FMG_DISABLED)
                    .shouldNotContain(FMG_ENABLED)
                    .shouldMatch(MAIN_FROM_CDS)       // archived Main class is for module only
                    .shouldContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE);
@@ -283,9 +268,7 @@ public static void runWithModulePath() throws Exception {
                                  extraJarPath,       // --module-path
                                  MAIN_MODULE)        // -m
             .assertNormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED)
-                   .shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_DISABLED)
-                   .shouldContain(FMG_ENABLED)
+                out.shouldContain(FMG_ENABLED)
                    .shouldNotContain(FMG_DISABLED)
                    .shouldMatch(MAIN_FROM_CDS)       // archived Main class is for module only
                    .shouldContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE);
@@ -296,9 +279,7 @@ public static void runWithModulePath() throws Exception {
                                  extraModulePath,    // --module-path
                                  MAIN_MODULE)        // -m
             .assertNormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED)
-                   .shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_DISABLED)
-                   .shouldContain(FMG_ENABLED)
+                out.shouldContain(FMG_ENABLED)
                    .shouldNotContain(FMG_DISABLED)
                    .shouldMatch(MAIN_FROM_CDS)       // archived Main class is for module only
                    .shouldContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE);
@@ -346,9 +327,7 @@ public static void runWithJmodAndBadJar() throws Exception {
                                  runModulePath, // --module-path
                                  MAIN_MODULE)        // -m
             .assertAbnormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldContain(OPTIMIZE_DISABLED)
-                   .shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED)
-                   .shouldContain(FMG_DISABLED)
+                out.shouldContain(FMG_DISABLED)
                    .shouldNotContain(FMG_ENABLED)
                    .shouldContain(FIND_EXCEPTION_MESSAGE);
             });
@@ -360,9 +339,7 @@ public static void runWithJmodAndBadJar() throws Exception {
                                  runModulePath, // --module-path
                                  MAIN_MODULE)        // -m
             .assertNormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_DISABLED)
-                   .shouldContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED)
-                   .shouldNotContain(FMG_DISABLED)
+                out.shouldNotContain(FMG_DISABLED)
                    .shouldContain(FMG_ENABLED)
                    .shouldMatch(TEST_FROM_CDS)
                    .shouldMatch(MAIN_FROM_CDS)
@@ -376,9 +353,7 @@ public static void runWithJmodAndBadJar() throws Exception {
                                  runModulePath, // --module-path
                                  TEST_MODULE)        // -m
             .assertAbnormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldContain(OPTIMIZE_DISABLED)
-                   .shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED)
-                   .shouldContain(FMG_DISABLED)
+                out.shouldContain(FMG_DISABLED)
                    .shouldNotContain(FMG_ENABLED)
                    .shouldMatch(MODULE_NOT_RECOGNIZED);
             });
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/OptimizeModuleHandlingTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/OptimizeModuleHandlingTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 1a29c9672eb..00000000000
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/OptimizeModuleHandlingTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,370 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
- *
- * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
- * accompanied this code).
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
- * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *
- * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
- * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
- * questions.
- *
- */
-
-/**
- * @test
- * @requires vm.cds & vm.cds.write.archived.java.heap
- * @requires test.thread.factory == null
- * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds
- * @run driver OptimizeModuleHandlingTest
- * @summary test module path changes for optimization of
- *          module handling.
- *
- */
-
-import java.io.File;
-import java.nio.file.Files;
-import java.nio.file.Path;
-import java.nio.file.Paths;
-
-import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSTestUtils;
-import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
-
-public class OptimizeModuleHandlingTest {
-
-    private static final Path USER_DIR = Paths.get(CDSTestUtils.getOutputDir());
-
-    private static final String TEST_SRC = System.getProperty("test.src");
-
-    private static final Path SRC_DIR = Paths.get(TEST_SRC, "src");
-    private static final Path MODS_DIR = Paths.get("mody");
-
-    // the module name of the test module
-    private static final String MAIN_MODULE = "com.bars";
-    private static final String TEST_MODULE = "com.foos";
-
-    // the module main class
-    private static final String MAIN_CLASS = "com.bars.Main";
-    private static final String TEST_CLASS = "com.foos.Test";
-
-    private static String PATH_LIBS = "modylibs";
-    private static Path libsDir = null;
-    private static Path mainJar = null;
-    private static Path testJar = null;
-
-    private static String CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE = "com.foos.Test found";
-    private static String CLASS_NOT_FOUND_MESSAGE = "java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.foos.Test";
-    private static String OPTIMIZE_ENABLED = "] optimized module handling: enabled";
-    private static String OPTIMIZE_DISABLED = "] optimized module handling: disabled";
-    private static String MAIN_FROM_JAR = "class,load.*com.bars.Main.*[.]jar";
-    private static String MAIN_FROM_CDS = "class,load.*com.bars.Main.*shared objects file";
-    private static String TEST_FROM_JAR = "class,load.*com.foos.Test.*[.]jar";
-    private static String TEST_FROM_CDS = "class,load.*com.foos.Test.*shared objects file";
-    private static String MAP_FAILED  = "Unable to use shared archive";
-    private static String PATH_SEPARATOR = File.pathSeparator;
-
-    public static void buildTestModule() throws Exception {
-
-        // javac -d mods/$TESTMODULE src/$TESTMODULE/**
-        JarBuilder.compileModule(SRC_DIR.resolve(TEST_MODULE),
-                                 MODS_DIR.resolve(TEST_MODULE),
-                                 null);
-
-        // javac -d mods/$TESTMODULE --module-path MOD_DIR src/$TESTMODULE/**
-        JarBuilder.compileModule(SRC_DIR.resolve(MAIN_MODULE),
-                                 MODS_DIR.resolve(MAIN_MODULE),
-                                 MODS_DIR.toString());
-
-        libsDir = Files.createTempDirectory(USER_DIR, PATH_LIBS);
-        mainJar = libsDir.resolve(MAIN_MODULE + ".jar");
-        testJar = libsDir.resolve(TEST_MODULE + ".jar");
-
-        // modylibs contains both modules com.foos.jar, com.bars.jar
-        // build com.foos.jar
-        String classes = MODS_DIR.resolve(TEST_MODULE).toString();
-        JarBuilder.createModularJar(testJar.toString(), classes, TEST_CLASS);
-
-        // build com.bars.jar
-        classes = MODS_DIR.resolve(MAIN_MODULE).toString();
-        JarBuilder.createModularJar(mainJar.toString(), classes, MAIN_CLASS);
-    }
-
-    public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
-        runWithModulePath();
-        runWithJarPath();
-    }
-
-    private static void tty(String... args) {
-        for (String s : args) {
-            System.out.print(s + " ");
-        }
-        System.out.print("\n");
-    }
-
-    public static void runWithModulePath(String... extraRuntimeArgs) throws Exception {
-        // compile the modules and create the modular jar files
-        buildTestModule();
-        String appClasses[] = {MAIN_CLASS, TEST_CLASS};
-        // create an archive with the classes in the modules built in the
-        // previous step
-        OutputAnalyzer output = TestCommon.createArchive(
-                                        null, appClasses,
-                                        "--module-path",
-                                        libsDir.toString(),
-                                        "-m", MAIN_MODULE);
-        TestCommon.checkDump(output);
-
-        // following 1 - 4 test with CDS off
-        tty("1. run with CDS off");
-        TestCommon.execOff( "-p", libsDir.toString(),
-                            "-m", MAIN_MODULE)
-            .shouldHaveExitValue(0)
-            .shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED)
-            .shouldContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE);
-        tty("2. run with CDS off, without module path");
-        TestCommon.execOff("-cp",
-                           mainJar.toString(),
-                           MAIN_CLASS)
-            .shouldHaveExitValue(0)
-            .shouldContain(CLASS_NOT_FOUND_MESSAGE);
-        tty("3. run with CDS off, but with full jars in path");
-        TestCommon.execOff( "-cp", mainJar.toString() + PATH_SEPARATOR + testJar.toString(),
-                            MAIN_CLASS)
-            .shouldHaveExitValue(0)
-            .shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED)
-            .shouldContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE);
-        tty("4. run with CDS off, only main jar on path, but given moudle path");
-        TestCommon.execOff( "-cp", mainJar.toString(),
-                            "--module-path", libsDir.toString(),
-                            "--add-modules", TEST_MODULE,
-                            MAIN_CLASS)
-            .shouldHaveExitValue(0)
-            .shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED)
-            .shouldContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE);
-
-        // Following 5 - 10 test with CDS on
-        tty("5. run with CDS on, with module path");
-        String prefix[] = {"-Djava.class.path=", "-Xlog:cds,class+load,class+path=info"};
-        TestCommon.runWithModules(prefix,
-                                 null,               // --upgrade-module-path
-                                 libsDir.toString(), // --module-path
-                                 MAIN_MODULE)        // -m
-            .assertNormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_DISABLED)
-                   .shouldContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED)
-                   .shouldMatch(MAIN_FROM_CDS)       // // archived Main class is for module only
-                   .shouldContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE);
-            });
-        tty("6. run with CDS on, with module paths set correctly");
-        TestCommon.run("-Xlog:cds",
-                       "-Xlog:class+load",
-                       "-p", libsDir.toString(),
-                       "-m", MAIN_MODULE)
-            .assertNormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE)
-                   .shouldMatch(MAIN_FROM_CDS)
-                   .shouldMatch(TEST_FROM_CDS)
-                   .shouldContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED)
-                   .shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_DISABLED);
-            });
-        tty("7. run with CDS on, with jar on path");
-        TestCommon.run("-Xlog:cds",
-                       "-Xlog:class+load",
-                       "-cp", mainJar.toString() + PATH_SEPARATOR + testJar.toString(),
-                       MAIN_CLASS)
-            .assertNormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE)
-                   .shouldMatch(MAIN_FROM_JAR)
-                   .shouldMatch(TEST_FROM_JAR)
-                   .shouldContain(OPTIMIZE_DISABLED)
-                   .shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED);
-            });
-
-        tty("8. run with CDS on, with --module-path, with jar should fail");
-        TestCommon.run("-Xlog:cds",
-                       "-Xlog:class+load",
-                       "-p", libsDir.toString(),
-                       "-cp", mainJar.toString(),
-                       MAIN_CLASS)
-            .assertNormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldContain(CLASS_NOT_FOUND_MESSAGE)
-                   .shouldMatch(MAIN_FROM_JAR)
-                   .shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED);
-            });
-        tty("9. run with CDS on, with com.foos on --module-path, with main jar on cp should pass");
-        TestCommon.run("-Xlog:cds",
-                       "-Xlog:class+load",
-                       "--module-path", libsDir.toString(),
-                       "--add-modules", TEST_MODULE,
-                       "-cp", mainJar.toString(),
-                       MAIN_CLASS)
-            .assertNormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE)
-                   .shouldMatch(MAIN_FROM_JAR)
-                   .shouldMatch(TEST_FROM_CDS)
-                   .shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED);
-            });
-        tty("10. run with CDS on, --module-path, with -Xbootclasspath/a: .");
-        TestCommon.run("-Xlog:cds",
-                       "-Xbootclasspath/a:", ".",
-                       "--module-path", libsDir.toString(),
-                       MAIN_CLASS)
-            .assertAbnormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldNotContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE)
-                   .shouldContain(OPTIMIZE_DISABLED)           // mapping info
-                   .shouldContain("Error: Could not find or load main class .");
-            });
-        tty("11. run with CDS on, --module-path, with -Xbootclasspath/a:.");
-        TestCommon.run("-Xlog:cds",
-                       "-Xbootclasspath/a:.",
-                       "--module-path", libsDir.toString(),
-                       MAIN_CLASS)
-            .assertAbnormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldNotContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE)
-                   .shouldContain("shared class paths mismatch");
-            });
-    }
-
-    public static void runWithJarPath(String... extraRuntimeArgs) throws Exception {
-        // compile the modules and create the modular jar files
-        buildTestModule();
-        String appClasses[] = {MAIN_CLASS, TEST_CLASS};
-        // create an archive with the classes in the modules built in the
-        // previous step
-        OutputAnalyzer output = TestCommon.createArchive(
-                                    testJar.toString() + PATH_SEPARATOR + mainJar.toString(),
-                                    appClasses);
-        TestCommon.checkDump(output);
-
-        // tests 1 - 4 test with CDS off are same as with module archive.
-        tty("tests 1 - 4 test with CDS off are same as with module archive, skipped");
-
-        // Following 5 - 9 test with CDS on
-        tty("5. run with CDS on, with module path");
-        String prefix[] = {"-Djava.class.path=", "-Xlog:cds"};
-        TestCommon.runWithModules(prefix,
-                                  null,               // --upgrade-module-path
-                                  libsDir.toString(), // --module-path
-                                  MAIN_MODULE)        // -m
-            .assertAbnormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldContain(MAP_FAILED)
-                   .shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED)
-                   .shouldNotContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE);
-            });
-        tty("6. run with CDS on, with module paths set correctly");
-        TestCommon.run("-Xlog:cds",
-                       "-p", libsDir.toString(),
-                       "-m", MAIN_MODULE)
-            .assertAbnormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldContain(MAP_FAILED)
-                   .shouldNotContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE)
-                   .shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED);
-            });
-        tty("7. run with CDS on, with jar on path");
-        TestCommon.run("-Xlog:cds",
-                       "-Xlog:class+load",
-                       "-cp", testJar.toString() + PATH_SEPARATOR + mainJar.toString(),
-                       MAIN_CLASS)
-            .assertNormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldMatch(MAIN_FROM_CDS)
-                   .shouldMatch(TEST_FROM_CDS)
-                   .shouldContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE)
-                   .shouldContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED);
-            });
-        tty("8. run with CDS on, with --module-path, with jars on classpath should run but not optimized");
-        TestCommon.run("-Xlog:cds",
-                       "-Xlog:class+load",
-                       "-p", libsDir.toString(),
-                       "-cp", testJar.toString() + PATH_SEPARATOR + mainJar.toString(),
-                       "--add-modules=com.bars",         // Main/Test from jars
-                       MAIN_CLASS)
-            .assertNormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldMatch(MAIN_FROM_JAR)
-                   .shouldMatch(TEST_FROM_JAR)
-                   .shouldContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE)
-                   .shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED);
-            });
-        tty("9. run with CDS on,  with main jar only on classpath should not pass");
-        TestCommon.run("-Xlog:cds",
-                       "-cp", mainJar.toString(),
-                       MAIN_CLASS)
-            .assertAbnormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldContain(MAP_FAILED)
-                   .shouldNotContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE)
-                   .shouldNotContain(CLASS_NOT_FOUND_MESSAGE)
-                   .shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED)
-                   .shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_DISABLED);
-            });
-        tty("10. run with CDS on,  with main/test jars on classpath also with -Xbootclasspath/a:  should pass");
-        TestCommon.run("-Xlog:cds",
-                       "-cp", mainJar.toString() + PATH_SEPARATOR + testJar.toString(),
-                       "-Xbootclasspath/a:", ".",
-                       MAIN_CLASS)
-            .assertAbnormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldNotContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE)
-                   .shouldNotContain(CLASS_NOT_FOUND_MESSAGE)
-                   .shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED)
-                   .shouldContain(MAP_FAILED);
-            });
-
-        // Dump an archive with -Xbootclasspath/a
-        output = TestCommon.createArchive(
-                                testJar.toString(),
-                                appClasses,
-                                "-Xbootclasspath/a:" + mainJar.toString());
-        TestCommon.checkDump(output);
-        tty("11. run with CDS on,  with test jar on classpath and with main jar on -Xbootclasspath/a:  should pass");
-        TestCommon.run("-Xlog:cds",
-                       "-cp", testJar.toString(),
-                       "-Xbootclasspath/a:" + mainJar.toString(),
-                       MAIN_CLASS)
-            .assertNormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldNotContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE)
-                   .shouldNotContain(CLASS_NOT_FOUND_MESSAGE)
-                   .shouldContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED);
-            });
-        tty("12. run with CDS on,  with main jar on classpath and with test jar on -Xbootclasspath/a:  should not pass due to class paths mismatch");
-        TestCommon.run("-Xlog:cds",
-                       "-cp", mainJar.toString(),
-                       "-Xbootclasspath/a:" + testJar.toString(),
-                       MAIN_CLASS)
-            .assertAbnormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldNotContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE)
-                   .shouldNotContain(CLASS_NOT_FOUND_MESSAGE)
-                   .shouldNotContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED)
-                   .shouldContain(MAP_FAILED);
-            });
-
-        // Skip the following test for dynamic CDS archive because the current
-        // dynamic dump test utililty does not support empty -cp with a classlist.
-        // (see createArchive(CDSOptions opts) in TestCommon.java)
-        if (!CDSTestUtils.isDynamicArchive()) {
-            // Dump an archive with only -Xbootclasspath/a
-            output = TestCommon.createArchive(
-                                    null,
-                                    appClasses,
-                                    "-Xbootclasspath/a:" + mainJar.toString());
-            TestCommon.checkDump(output);
-            tty("13. run with CDS on,  with the same -Xbootclasspath/a as dump time and adding a -cp with test.jar:  should pass");
-            TestCommon.run("-Xlog:cds,class+load",
-                           "-cp", testJar.toString(),
-                           "-Xbootclasspath/a:" + mainJar.toString(),
-                           MAIN_CLASS)
-                .assertNormalExit(out -> {
-                    out.shouldMatch(MAIN_FROM_CDS)
-                       .shouldContain(OPTIMIZE_ENABLED);
-            });
-        }
-    }
-}

From 99ece546abff1e195e7355e3d5239c5153525426 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christoph Langer <clanger@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2026 16:07:06 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 526/707] 8389480: GenerateJLIClassesPluginTest.java and
 IncludeLocalesPluginTest.java tests in tools/jlink/plugins/ fail due to
 AccessDeniedExceptions on Windows

Reviewed-by: alanb
---
 .../jlink/plugins/GenerateJLIClassesPluginTest.java   | 11 +++++++++--
 .../tools/jlink/plugins/IncludeLocalesPluginTest.java | 11 +++++++++--
 2 files changed, 18 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/GenerateJLIClassesPluginTest.java b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/GenerateJLIClassesPluginTest.java
index 06e2c7b52f0..10866499447 100644
--- a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/GenerateJLIClassesPluginTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/GenerateJLIClassesPluginTest.java
@@ -86,9 +86,16 @@ public static void setup() throws Exception {
     }
 
     @AfterMethod
-    public static void cleanup(ITestResult result) throws IOException {
+    public static void cleanup(ITestResult result) {
         if (result.isSuccess() && lastImageDir != null && Files.exists(lastImageDir)) {
-            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(lastImageDir);
+            // On Windows, the java.exe process spawned by test methods may
+            // hold open handles to files even after completion.
+            // Use a non-throwing cleanup method but tolerate failures. Just log them.
+            List<IOException> failures = FileUtils.deleteFileTreeUnchecked(lastImageDir);
+            if (!failures.isEmpty()) {
+                System.err.println("WARNING: cleanup of " + lastImageDir + " incomplete:");
+                failures.forEach(e -> System.err.println("  " + e));
+            }
         }
         lastImageDir = null;
     }
diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/IncludeLocalesPluginTest.java b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/IncludeLocalesPluginTest.java
index da0df46e73b..5f250847e13 100644
--- a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/IncludeLocalesPluginTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/plugins/IncludeLocalesPluginTest.java
@@ -466,9 +466,16 @@ public void launch(String optIncludeLocales, String optAddModules, List<String>
     }
 
     @AfterEach
-    public void cleanup() throws IOException {
+    public void cleanup() {
         if (testPassed && lastImageDir != null && Files.exists(lastImageDir)) {
-            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeWithRetry(lastImageDir);
+            // On Windows, the java.exe process spawned by testAvailableLocales() may
+            // hold open handles to files even after waitFor() returns.
+            // Use a non-throwing cleanup method but tolerate failures. Just log them.
+            List<IOException> failures = FileUtils.deleteFileTreeUnchecked(lastImageDir);
+            if (!failures.isEmpty()) {
+                System.err.println("WARNING: cleanup of " + lastImageDir + " incomplete:");
+                failures.forEach(e -> System.err.println("  " + e));
+            }
         }
     }
 

From 1604ad70cc1388f6bd5903fc06aea99f4be28404 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vladimir Kozlov <kvn@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2026 16:46:07 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 527/707] 8388417: Support VerifyOops for AOT caching stub and
 code

Reviewed-by: asmehra, iklam, adinn
---
 .../gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp |  19 +-
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp |  25 ++-
 .../gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp     |  19 +-
 .../cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp    |  20 ++-
 .../x86/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp |  19 +-
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp     |  27 ++-
 .../cpu/x86/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp |  27 ++-
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp    |  20 ++-
 src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp       | 169 +++++++++---------
 src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp       |  10 +-
 .../cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeFlags.java      |   8 -
 .../cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeTest.java       |  29 +--
 12 files changed, 253 insertions(+), 139 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 1b69ba8945c..4851a76ebe6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
+#include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod.hpp"
@@ -405,10 +406,22 @@ void BarrierSetAssembler::c2i_entry_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm) {
 }
 
 void BarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Label& error) {
+  assert_different_registers(obj, tmp1, tmp2);
   // Check if the oop is in the right area of memory
-  __ mov(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_mask());
-  __ andr(tmp1, obj, tmp2);
-  __ mov(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_bits());
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+  if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
+    __ lea(tmp2, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::verify_oop_mask_address()));
+    __ ldr(tmp2, Address(tmp2));
+    __ andr(tmp1, obj, tmp2);
+    __ lea(tmp2, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::verify_oop_bits_address()));
+    __ ldr(tmp2, Address(tmp2));
+  } else
+#endif
+  {
+    __ mov(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_mask());
+    __ andr(tmp1, obj, tmp2);
+    __ mov(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_bits());
+  }
 
   // Compare tmp1 and tmp2.  We don't use a compare
   // instruction here because the flags register is live.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 201403e3d98..9037f686364 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahHeuristics.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/mode/shenandoahMode.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp"
@@ -213,13 +214,16 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::load_reference_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm,
 
   // Test for in-cset
   if (is_strong) {
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
     if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
       __ lea(rscratch2, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::cset_base_address()));
       __ ldr(rscratch2, Address(rscratch2));
       __ lea(rscratch1, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::grain_shift_address()));
       __ ldrw(rscratch1, Address(rscratch1));
       __ lsrv(rscratch1, r0, rscratch1);
-    } else {
+    } else
+#endif
+    {
       __ mov(rscratch2, ShenandoahHeap::in_cset_fast_test_addr());
       __ lsr(rscratch1, r0, ShenandoahHeapRegion::region_size_bytes_shift_jint());
     }
@@ -421,11 +425,22 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(MacroAssembl
 }
 
 void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Label& L_error) {
+  assert_different_registers(obj, tmp1, tmp2);
   // Check if the oop is in the right area of memory
-  __ mov(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_mask());
-  __ andr(tmp1, obj, tmp2);
-  __ mov(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_bits());
-
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+  if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
+    __ lea(tmp2, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::verify_oop_mask_address()));
+    __ ldr(tmp2, Address(tmp2));
+    __ andr(tmp1, obj, tmp2);
+    __ lea(tmp2, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::verify_oop_bits_address()));
+    __ ldr(tmp2, Address(tmp2));
+  } else
+#endif
+  {
+    __ mov(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_mask());
+    __ andr(tmp1, obj, tmp2);
+    __ mov(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_bits());
+  }
   // Compare tmp1 and tmp2.  We don't use a compare
   // instruction here because the flags register is live.
   __ eor(tmp1, tmp1, tmp2);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index f07f899e869..ced01ec3e6a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "asm/macroAssembler.inline.hpp"
+#include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
 #include "code/codeBlob.hpp"
 #include "code/vmreg.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/z/zAddress.hpp"
@@ -1351,6 +1352,7 @@ void ZBarrierSetAssembler::try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(MacroAssembler* masm,
 }
 
 void ZBarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Label& error) {
+  assert_different_registers(obj, tmp1, tmp2);
   // C1 calls verfy_oop in the middle of barriers, before they have been uncolored
   // and after being colored. Therefore, we must deal with colored oops as well.
   Label done;
@@ -1390,9 +1392,20 @@ void ZBarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Registe
 
   __ bind(check_zaddress);
   // Check if the oop is in the right area of memory
-  __ mov(tmp1, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_mask());
-  __ andr(tmp1, tmp1, obj);
-  __ mov(obj, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_bits());
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+  if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
+    __ lea(tmp1, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::verify_oop_mask_address()));
+    __ ldr(tmp1, Address(tmp1));
+    __ andr(tmp1, tmp1, obj);
+    __ lea(obj, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::verify_oop_bits_address()));
+    __ ldr(obj, Address(obj));
+  } else
+#endif
+  {
+    __ mov(tmp1, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_mask());
+    __ andr(tmp1, tmp1, obj);
+    __ mov(obj, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_bits());
+  }
   __ cmp(tmp1, obj);
   __ br(Assembler::NE, error);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 6f6596a9d23..cf5ccb2c286 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -2025,7 +2025,15 @@ void MacroAssembler::_verify_oop(Register reg, const char* s, const char* file,
     ResourceMark rm;
     stringStream ss;
     ss.print("verify_oop: %s: %s (%s:%d)", reg->name(), s, file, line);
-    b = code_string(ss.as_string());
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+    if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump() && !code_section()->scratch_emit()) {
+      // this will duplicate string to preserve it
+      b = AOTCodeCache::add_C_string(ss.as_string());
+    } else
+#endif
+    {
+      b = code_string(ss.as_string());
+    }
   }
   BLOCK_COMMENT("verify_oop {");
 
@@ -2061,7 +2069,15 @@ void MacroAssembler::_verify_oop_addr(Address addr, const char* s, const char* f
     ResourceMark rm;
     stringStream ss;
     ss.print("verify_oop_addr: %s (%s:%d)", s, file, line);
-    b = code_string(ss.as_string());
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+    if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump() && !code_section()->scratch_emit()) {
+      // this will duplicate string to preserve it
+      b = AOTCodeCache::add_C_string(ss.as_string());
+    } else
+#endif
+    {
+      b = code_string(ss.as_string());
+    }
   }
   BLOCK_COMMENT("verify_oop_addr {");
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
index a45d132406c..eb0ce314155 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 
 #include "asm/macroAssembler.inline.hpp"
 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
+#include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod.hpp"
@@ -363,11 +364,23 @@ void BarrierSetAssembler::c2i_entry_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm) {
 }
 
 void BarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Label& error) {
+  assert_different_registers(obj, tmp1, tmp2);
   // Check if the oop is in the right area of memory
   __ movptr(tmp1, obj);
-  __ movptr(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_mask());
-  __ andptr(tmp1, tmp2);
-  __ movptr(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_bits());
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+  if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
+    __ lea(tmp2, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::verify_oop_mask_address()));
+    __ movptr(tmp2, Address(tmp2));
+    __ andptr(tmp1, tmp2);
+    __ lea(tmp2, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::verify_oop_bits_address()));
+    __ movptr(tmp2, Address(tmp2));
+  } else
+#endif
+  {
+    __ movptr(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_mask());
+    __ andptr(tmp1, tmp2);
+    __ movptr(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_bits());
+  }
   __ cmpptr(tmp1, tmp2);
   __ jcc(Assembler::notZero, error);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
index 72c90e23871..8e0ac8b92cf 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahHeuristics.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/mode/shenandoahMode.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp"
@@ -263,6 +264,7 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::load_reference_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm,
 
     // Optimized cset-test
     __ movptr(tmp1, dst);
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
     if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
       assert_different_registers(tmp1, tmp2, rcx);
       __ lea(tmp2, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::grain_shift_address()));
@@ -272,7 +274,9 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::load_reference_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm,
       __ pop(rcx);
       __ lea(tmp2, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::cset_base_address()));
       __ movptr(tmp2, Address(tmp2));
-    } else {
+    } else
+#endif
+    {
       __ shrptr(tmp1, ShenandoahHeapRegion::region_size_bytes_shift_jint());
       __ movptr(tmp2, (intptr_t) ShenandoahHeap::in_cset_fast_test_addr());
     }
@@ -504,11 +508,23 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(MacroAssembl
 }
 
 void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Label& L_error) {
+  assert_different_registers(obj, tmp1, tmp2);
   // Check if the oop is in the right area of memory
   __ movptr(tmp1, obj);
-  __ movptr(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_mask());
-  __ andptr(tmp1, tmp2);
-  __ movptr(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_bits());
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+  if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
+    __ lea(tmp2, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::verify_oop_mask_address()));
+    __ movptr(tmp2, Address(tmp2));
+    __ andptr(tmp1, tmp2);
+    __ lea(tmp2, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::verify_oop_bits_address()));
+    __ movptr(tmp2, Address(tmp2));
+  } else
+#endif
+  {
+    __ movptr(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_mask());
+    __ andptr(tmp1, tmp2);
+    __ movptr(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_bits());
+  }
   __ cmpptr(tmp1, tmp2);
   __ jcc(Assembler::notZero, L_error);
 
@@ -839,7 +855,8 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierStubC2::keepalive(MacroAssembler& masm, Label* L_done) {
   // If buffer is already full, go slow.
   __ movptr(tmp, index);
   __ subptr(tmp, wordSize);
-  __ jccb(Assembler::below, L_pop_and_slow);
+  // VerifyOops adds code for decoded oop and needs long jump here
+  __ jcc(Assembler::below, L_pop_and_slow);
   __ movptr(index, tmp);
   __ addptr(tmp, buffer);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
index 12e9cfa4573..4234d6fddc1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "asm/macroAssembler.inline.hpp"
+#include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
 #include "code/codeBlob.hpp"
 #include "code/vmreg.inline.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compileTask.hpp"
@@ -1501,8 +1502,11 @@ void ZBarrierSetAssembler::retrieve_reloc_addresses(address start, address end,
   entries.append(nullptr);
 }
 
+// Add indirection for AOT code patching
+address ZPointerLoadShiftTableAddr = (address)&ZPointerLoadShiftTable;
 
 void ZBarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Label& error) {
+  assert_different_registers(obj, tmp1, tmp2);
   // C1 calls verfy_oop in the middle of barriers, before they have been uncolored
   // and after being colored. Therefore, we must deal with colored oops as well.
   Label done;
@@ -1533,8 +1537,10 @@ void ZBarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Registe
   __ andq(tmp1, tmp2);
   __ shrq(tmp1, ZPointerRemappedShift);
   __ andq(tmp1, (1 << ZPointerRemappedBits) - 1);
-  __ lea(tmp2, ExternalAddress((address)&ZPointerLoadShiftTable));
-
+  // This code is not critical - it is used only for VerifyOops in debug VM.
+  // Use inderection by defult without AOT specific code.
+  __ lea(tmp2, ExternalAddress((address)&ZPointerLoadShiftTableAddr));
+  __ movptr(tmp2, Address(tmp2));
   // Uncolor presumed zpointer
   assert(obj != rcx, "bad choice of register");
   if (rcx != tmp1 && rcx != tmp2) {
@@ -1558,9 +1564,20 @@ void ZBarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Registe
   __ bind(check_zaddress);
   // Check if the oop is in the right area of memory
   __ movptr(tmp1, obj);
-  __ movptr(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_mask());
-  __ andptr(tmp1, tmp2);
-  __ movptr(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_bits());
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+  if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
+    __ lea(tmp2, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::verify_oop_mask_address()));
+    __ movptr(tmp2, Address(tmp2));
+    __ andptr(tmp1, tmp2);
+    __ lea(tmp2, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::verify_oop_bits_address()));
+    __ movptr(tmp2, Address(tmp2));
+  } else
+#endif
+  {
+    __ movptr(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_mask());
+    __ andptr(tmp1, tmp2);
+    __ movptr(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_bits());
+  }
   __ cmpptr(tmp1, tmp2);
   __ jcc(Assembler::notZero, error);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
index 07dc498c48b..cedf086ef36 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -4912,7 +4912,15 @@ void MacroAssembler::_verify_oop(Register reg, const char* s, const char* file,
     ResourceMark rm;
     stringStream ss;
     ss.print("verify_oop: %s: %s (%s:%d)", reg->name(), s, file, line);
-    b = code_string(ss.as_string());
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+    if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump() && !code_section()->scratch_emit()) {
+      // this will duplicate string to preserve it
+      b = AOTCodeCache::add_C_string(ss.as_string());
+    } else
+#endif
+    {
+      b = code_string(ss.as_string());
+    }
   }
   AddressLiteral buffer((address) b, external_word_Relocation::spec_for_immediate());
   pushptr(buffer.addr(), rscratch1);
@@ -5177,7 +5185,15 @@ void MacroAssembler::_verify_oop_addr(Address addr, const char* s, const char* f
     ResourceMark rm;
     stringStream ss;
     ss.print("verify_oop_addr: %s (%s:%d)", s, file, line);
-    b = code_string(ss.as_string());
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+    if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump() && !code_section()->scratch_emit()) {
+      // this will duplicate string to preserve it
+      b = AOTCodeCache::add_C_string(ss.as_string());
+    } else
+#endif
+    {
+      b = code_string(ss.as_string());
+    }
   }
   AddressLiteral buffer((address) b, external_word_Relocation::spec_for_immediate());
   pushptr(buffer.addr(), rscratch1);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp
index 5b82e6bddad..662eab3311f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp
@@ -215,17 +215,9 @@ void AOTCodeCache::initialize() {
     return; // AOTCache must be specified to dump and use AOT code
   }
 
-  if (VerifyOops) {
-    // Disable AOT stub caching when VerifyOops flag is on.
-    // Verify oops code generated a lot of C strings which overflow
-    // AOT C string table (which has fixed size).
-    // AOT C string table will be reworked later to handle such cases.
-    log_info(aot, codecache, init)("AOT Stub Caching is not supported with VerifyOops.");
-    FLAG_SET_ERGO(AOTStubCaching, false);
-    if (InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs) {
-      log_info(aot, codecache, init)("AOT Adapter Caching is not supported with VerifyOops + InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs.");
-      FLAG_SET_ERGO(AOTAdapterCaching, false);
-    }
+  if (VerifyOops && InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs) {
+    log_info(aot, codecache, init)("AOT Adapter Caching is not supported with VerifyOops + InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs.");
+    FLAG_SET_ERGO(AOTAdapterCaching, false);
   }
 
   bool is_dumping = false;
@@ -304,6 +296,8 @@ void AOTCodeCache::init2() {
 
     // Read strings
     opened_cache->load_strings();
+  } else if (opened_cache->for_dump()) {
+    init_C_strings_caching();
   }
   // initialize aot runtime constants as appropriate to this runtime
   AOTRuntimeConstants::initialize_from_runtime();
@@ -367,7 +361,6 @@ AOTCodeCache::AOTCodeCache(bool is_dumping, bool is_using) :
   _load_entries(nullptr),
   _search_entries(nullptr),
   _store_entries(nullptr),
-  _C_strings_buf(nullptr),
   _store_entries_cnt(0)
 {
   // Read header at the begining of cache
@@ -1873,7 +1866,7 @@ void AOTCodeReader::read_dbg_strings(DbgStrings& dbg_strings) {
 // integer ranges defined by the following positive base and max
 // values i.e. [_extrs_base, _extrs_base + _extrs_max -1],
 // [_stubs_base, _stubs_base + _stubs_max -1], [_c_str_base,
-// _c_str_base + _c_str_max -1],
+// _c_str_base + _C_strings_count],
 
 #define _extrs_max 500
 #define _stubs_max static_cast<int>(EntryId::NUM_ENTRYIDS)
@@ -1933,6 +1926,8 @@ void AOTCodeAddressTable::init_extrs() {
     ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(Thread::current); // used by call_stub
     ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(SharedRuntime::throw_StackOverflowError);
     ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(SharedRuntime::throw_delayed_StackOverflowError);
+    ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(StubRoutines::verify_oop_count_addr()); // used by generate_verify_oop()
+    ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(StubRoutines::verify_oop_subroutine_entry_address());
     if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) {
       ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(SharedRuntime::store_inline_type_fields_to_buf);
     }
@@ -2150,9 +2145,10 @@ void AOTCodeAddressTable::init_extrs() {
   ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(ZPointerVectorStoreGoodMask);
 #if defined(AMD64)
   ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(&ZPointerLoadShift);
-  ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(&ZPointerLoadShiftTable);
-#endif
+  extern address ZPointerLoadShiftTableAddr;
+  ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(&ZPointerLoadShiftTableAddr);
 #endif
+#endif // INCLUDE_ZGC
 #ifndef ZERO
 #if defined(AMD64) || defined(AARCH64) || defined(RISCV64)
   ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(MacroAssembler::debug64);
@@ -2237,64 +2233,68 @@ void AOTCodeAddressTable::set_stubgen_stubs_complete() {
 }
 
 #ifdef PRODUCT
-#define MAX_STR_COUNT 200
+#define INITIAL_STR_CACHE_SIZE 200
 #else
-#define MAX_STR_COUNT 2000
+#define INITIAL_STR_CACHE_SIZE 2000
 #endif
-#define _c_str_max  MAX_STR_COUNT
 static const int _c_str_base = _all_max;
 
-static const char* _C_strings_in[MAX_STR_COUNT] = {nullptr}; // Incoming strings
-static const char* _C_strings[MAX_STR_COUNT]    = {nullptr}; // Our duplicates
+static GrowableArray<const char*>* _C_strings = nullptr; // Cached duplicates
+static GrowableArray<int>* _C_strings_id = nullptr;  // id corresponding to index in _C_strings[]
+static GrowableArray<int>* _C_strings_ix = nullptr;  // index in _C_strings[] corresponding to id
+
+static const char** _cached_C_strings = nullptr;
 static int _C_strings_count = 0;
-static int _C_strings_s[MAX_STR_COUNT] = {0};
-static int _C_strings_id[MAX_STR_COUNT] = {0};
 static int _C_strings_used = 0;
 
+void AOTCodeCache::init_C_strings_caching() {
+  assert(_C_strings == nullptr, "Initialize only once");
+  // Allocate arrays in C heap
+  _C_strings = new(mtCode) GrowableArray<const char*>(INITIAL_STR_CACHE_SIZE, 0, nullptr, mtCode);
+  _C_strings_id  = new(mtCode) GrowableArray<int>(INITIAL_STR_CACHE_SIZE, 0, -1, mtCode);
+  _C_strings_ix  = new(mtCode) GrowableArray<int>(INITIAL_STR_CACHE_SIZE, 0, -1, mtCode);
+}
+
 void AOTCodeCache::load_strings() {
-  uint strings_count  = _load_header->strings_count();
+  uint strings_count = _load_header->strings_count();
   if (strings_count == 0) {
     return;
   }
-  if (strings_count > MAX_STR_COUNT) {
-    fatal("Invalid strings_count loaded from AOT Code Cache: %d > MAX_STR_COUNT [%d]", strings_count, MAX_STR_COUNT);
-    return;
-  }
   uint strings_offset = _load_header->strings_offset();
+
+  // First is the array of cached strings length
   uint* string_lengths = (uint*)addr(strings_offset);
   strings_offset += (strings_count * sizeof(uint));
-  uint strings_size = _load_header->entries_offset() - strings_offset;
-  // We have to keep cached strings longer than _cache buffer
-  // because they are refernced from compiled code which may
-  // still be executed on VM exit after _cache is freed.
-  char* p = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strings_size+1, mtCode);
-  memcpy(p, addr(strings_offset), strings_size);
-  _C_strings_buf = p;
+
+  // We don't need to duplcate strings from AOT cache to C heap
+  // because we don't remove AOT code cache anymore.
+  _cached_C_strings = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(const char*, strings_count, mtCode);
+  char* start = (char*)addr(strings_offset);
+  char* p = start;
   for (uint i = 0; i < strings_count; i++) {
-    _C_strings[i] = p;
+    _cached_C_strings[i] = p;
     uint len = string_lengths[i];
-    _C_strings_s[i] = i;
-    _C_strings_id[i] = i;
     log_trace(aot, codecache, stringtable)("load_strings: _C_strings[%d] " INTPTR_FORMAT " '%s'", i, p2i(p), p);
     p += len;
   }
-  assert((uint)(p - _C_strings_buf) <= strings_size, "(" INTPTR_FORMAT " - " INTPTR_FORMAT ") = %d > %d ", p2i(p), p2i(_C_strings_buf), (uint)(p - _C_strings_buf), strings_size);
+  uint strings_size = _load_header->entries_offset() - strings_offset;
+  assert((uint)(p - start) <= strings_size, "(" INTPTR_FORMAT " - " INTPTR_FORMAT ") = %d > %d ", p2i(p), p2i(start), (uint)(p - start), strings_size);
   _C_strings_count = strings_count;
-  _C_strings_used  = strings_count;
   log_debug(aot, codecache, init)("  Loaded %d C strings of total length %d at offset %d from AOT Code Cache", _C_strings_count, strings_size, strings_offset);
 }
 
 int AOTCodeCache::store_strings() {
+  MutexLocker ml(AOTCodeCStrings_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
   if (_C_strings_used > 0) {
-    MutexLocker ml(AOTCodeCStrings_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
     uint offset = _write_position;
     uint length = 0;
     uint* lengths = (uint *)reserve_bytes(sizeof(uint) * _C_strings_used);
     if (lengths == nullptr) {
       return -1;
     }
+    // Write strings into AOT cache in `id` order.
     for (int i = 0; i < _C_strings_used; i++) {
-      const char* str = _C_strings[_C_strings_s[i]];
+      const char* str = _C_strings->at(_C_strings_ix->at(i));
       log_trace(aot, codecache, stringtable)("store_strings: _C_strings[%d] " INTPTR_FORMAT " '%s'", i, p2i(str), str);
       uint len = (uint)strlen(str) + 1;
       length += len;
@@ -2306,7 +2306,7 @@ int AOTCodeCache::store_strings() {
       }
     }
     log_debug(aot, codecache, exit)("  Wrote %d C strings of total length %d at offset %d to AOT Code Cache",
-                                   _C_strings_used, length, offset);
+                                    _C_strings_used, length, offset);
   }
   return _C_strings_used;
 }
@@ -2315,57 +2315,50 @@ const char* AOTCodeCache::add_C_string(const char* str) {
   if (is_on_for_dump() && str != nullptr) {
     MutexLocker ml(AOTCodeCStrings_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
     AOTCodeAddressTable* table = addr_table();
-    if (table != nullptr) {
-      return table->add_C_string(str);
-    }
+    assert(table != nullptr, "should be initialized already");
+    return table->add_C_string(str);
   }
   return str;
 }
 
+// Identical C strings get the same ID
 const char* AOTCodeAddressTable::add_C_string(const char* str) {
-  if (_extrs_complete || initializing_extrs) {
-    // Check previous strings address
-    for (int i = 0; i < _C_strings_count; i++) {
-      if (_C_strings_in[i] == str) {
-        return _C_strings[i]; // Found previous one - return our duplicate
-      } else if (strcmp(_C_strings[i], str) == 0) {
-        return _C_strings[i];
-      }
-    }
-    // Add new one
-    if (_C_strings_count < MAX_STR_COUNT) {
-      // Passed in string can be freed and used space become inaccessible.
-      // Keep original address but duplicate string for future compare.
-      _C_strings_id[_C_strings_count] = -1; // Init
-      _C_strings_in[_C_strings_count] = str;
-      const char* dup = os::strdup(str);
-      _C_strings[_C_strings_count++] = dup;
-      log_trace(aot, codecache, stringtable)("add_C_string: [%d] " INTPTR_FORMAT " '%s'", _C_strings_count, p2i(dup), dup);
+  assert_lock_strong(AOTCodeCStrings_lock);
+  for (int i = 0; i < _C_strings_count; i++) {
+    const char* dup = _C_strings->at(i);
+    if (strcmp(dup, str) == 0) {
       return dup;
-    } else {
-      assert(false, "Number of C strings >= MAX_STR_COUNT");
     }
   }
-  return str;
+  // Add one new string.
+  // Passed in string can be freed and used space become inaccessible.
+  // Duplicate string for future compare.
+  const char* dup = os::strdup(str);
+  _C_strings->at_put_grow(_C_strings_count, dup);
+  _C_strings_id->at_put_grow(_C_strings_count, -1);
+  log_trace(aot, codecache, stringtable)("add_C_string: [%d] " INTPTR_FORMAT " '%s'", _C_strings_count, p2i(dup), dup);
+  _C_strings_count++;
+  return dup;
 }
 
 int AOTCodeAddressTable::id_for_C_string(address str) {
+  assert(AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump(), "should be called only during AOT code cache dump");
   if (str == nullptr) {
     return BAD_ADDRESS_ID;
   }
   MutexLocker ml(AOTCodeCStrings_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
   for (int i = 0; i < _C_strings_count; i++) {
-    if (_C_strings[i] == (const char*)str) { // found
-      int id = _C_strings_id[i];
+    if (_C_strings->at(i) == (const char*)str) { // found
+      int id = _C_strings_id->at(i);
       if (id >= 0) {
         assert(id < _C_strings_used, "%d >= %d", id , _C_strings_used);
         return id; // Found recorded
       }
-      log_trace(aot, codecache, stringtable)("id_for_C_string: _C_strings[%d ==> %d] " INTPTR_FORMAT " '%s'", i, _C_strings_used, p2i(str), str);
       // Not found in recorded, add new
       id = _C_strings_used++;
-      _C_strings_s[id] = i;
-      _C_strings_id[i] = id;
+      _C_strings_ix->at_put_grow(id, i);
+      _C_strings_id->at_put_grow(i, id);
+      log_trace(aot, codecache, stringtable)("id_for_C_string: _C_strings[%d ==> %d] " INTPTR_FORMAT " '%s'", i, id, p2i(str), str);
       return id;
     }
   }
@@ -2373,8 +2366,10 @@ int AOTCodeAddressTable::id_for_C_string(address str) {
 }
 
 address AOTCodeAddressTable::address_for_C_string(int idx) {
-  assert(idx < _C_strings_count, "sanity");
-  return (address)_C_strings[idx];
+  assert(AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_use(), "should be called only when loading from AOT code cache");
+  assert((uint)idx < (uint)_C_strings_count, " %d >= %d", idx, _C_strings_count);
+  precond(_cached_C_strings != nullptr);
+  return (address)_cached_C_strings[idx];
 }
 
 static int search_address(address addr, address* table, uint length) {
@@ -2391,23 +2386,23 @@ address AOTCodeAddressTable::address_for_id(int idx) {
   if (idx == -1) {
     return (address)-1;
   }
-  uint id = (uint)idx;
-  // special case for symbols based relative to os::init
-  if (id > (_c_str_base + _c_str_max)) {
-    return (address)os::init + idx;
+  if (idx >= (_c_str_base + _C_strings_count)) {
+    fatal("recorded id: %d > recorded count %d", idx, (_c_str_base + _C_strings_count));
+    return nullptr;
   }
   if (idx < 0) {
-    fatal("Incorrect id %d for AOT Code Cache addresses table", id);
+    fatal("Incorrect id %d for AOT Code Cache addresses table", idx);
     return nullptr;
   }
+  uint id = (uint)idx;
   // no need to compare unsigned id against 0
-  if (/* id >= _extrs_base && */ id < _extrs_length) {
+  if (id < _extrs_length) {
     return _extrs_addr[id - _extrs_base];
   }
   if (id >= _stubs_base && id < _c_str_base) {
     return _stubs_addr[id - _stubs_base];
   }
-  if (id >= _c_str_base && id < (_c_str_base + (uint)_C_strings_count)) {
+  if (id >= _c_str_base && id < (uint)(_c_str_base + _C_strings_count)) {
     return address_for_C_string(id - _c_str_base);
   }
   fatal("Incorrect id %d for AOT Code Cache addresses table", id);
@@ -2454,19 +2449,11 @@ int AOTCodeAddressTable::id_for_address(address addr, RelocIterator reloc, CodeB
       char* func_name = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, buflen);
       int offset = 0;
       if (os::dll_address_to_function_name(addr, func_name, buflen, &offset)) {
-        if (offset > 0) {
-          // Could be address of C string
-          uint dist = (uint)pointer_delta(addr, (address)os::init, 1);
-          log_debug(aot, codecache)("Address " INTPTR_FORMAT " (offset %d) for runtime target '%s' is missing in AOT Code Cache addresses table",
-                                    p2i(addr), dist, (const char*)addr);
-          assert(dist > (uint)(_all_max + MAX_STR_COUNT), "change encoding of distance");
-          return dist;
-        }
 #ifdef ASSERT
         reloc.print_current_on(tty);
         code_blob->print_on(tty);
         code_blob->print_code_on(tty);
-        assert(false, "Address " INTPTR_FORMAT " for runtime target '%s+%d' is missing in AOT Code Cache addresses table", p2i(addr), func_name, offset);
+        assert(false, "Address " INTPTR_FORMAT " for runtime target <%s+%d>/('%s') is missing in AOT Code Cache addresses table", p2i(addr), func_name, offset, (const char*)addr);
 #endif
       } else {
 #ifdef ASSERT
@@ -2512,12 +2499,16 @@ void AOTRuntimeConstants::initialize_from_runtime() {
   _aot_runtime_constants._card_table_base = card_table_base;
   _aot_runtime_constants._grain_shift = grain_shift;
   _aot_runtime_constants._cset_base = cset_base;
+  _aot_runtime_constants._verify_oop_mask = Universe::verify_oop_mask();
+  _aot_runtime_constants._verify_oop_bits = Universe::verify_oop_bits();
 }
 
 address AOTRuntimeConstants::_field_addresses_list[] = {
   ((address)&_aot_runtime_constants._card_table_base),
   ((address)&_aot_runtime_constants._grain_shift),
   ((address)&_aot_runtime_constants._cset_base),
+  ((address)&_aot_runtime_constants._verify_oop_mask),
+  ((address)&_aot_runtime_constants._verify_oop_bits),
   nullptr
 };
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp
index cb7fa3b12ef..640e73e6827 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp
@@ -304,6 +304,7 @@ class AOTStubData : public StackObj {
   do_var(bool,  UseVectorizedMismatchIntrinsic) \
   do_var(bool,  InlineTypeReturnedAsFields) \
   do_var(bool,  VMContinuations) \
+  do_var(bool,  VerifyOops) \
   do_fun(int,   CompressedKlassPointers_shift,          CompressedKlassPointers::shift()) \
   do_fun(bool,  JavaAssertions_systemClassDefault,      JavaAssertions::systemClassDefault()) \
   do_fun(bool,  JavaAssertions_userClassDefault,        JavaAssertions::userClassDefault()) \
@@ -464,7 +465,6 @@ class AOTCodeCache : public CHeapObj<mtCode> {
   AOTCodeEntry* _load_entries;   // Used when reading cache
   uint*         _search_entries; // sorted by ID table [id, index]
   AOTCodeEntry* _store_entries;  // Used when writing cache
-  const char*   _C_strings_buf;  // Loaded buffer for _C_strings[] table
   uint          _store_entries_cnt;
 
   static AOTCodeCache* open_for_use();
@@ -498,6 +498,7 @@ class AOTCodeCache : public CHeapObj<mtCode> {
   uint load_size() const { return _load_size; }
   uint write_position() const { return _write_position; }
 
+  static void init_C_strings_caching();
   void load_strings();
   int store_strings();
 
@@ -683,6 +684,9 @@ class AOTRuntimeConstants {
   address _card_table_base;
   uint    _grain_shift;
   address _cset_base;
+  uintptr_t _verify_oop_mask;
+  uintptr_t _verify_oop_bits;
+
   static address _field_addresses_list[];
   static AOTRuntimeConstants _aot_runtime_constants;
   // private constructor for unique singleton
@@ -699,6 +703,8 @@ class AOTRuntimeConstants {
   static address card_table_base_address();
   static address grain_shift_address() { return (address)&_aot_runtime_constants._grain_shift; }
   static address cset_base_address() { return (address)&_aot_runtime_constants._cset_base; }
+  static address verify_oop_mask_address() { return (address)&_aot_runtime_constants._verify_oop_mask; }
+  static address verify_oop_bits_address() { return (address)&_aot_runtime_constants._verify_oop_bits; }
   static address* field_addresses_list() {
     return _field_addresses_list;
   }
@@ -707,6 +713,8 @@ class AOTRuntimeConstants {
   static address card_table_base_address() { return nullptr; }
   static address grain_shift_address()     { return nullptr; }
   static address cset_base_address()       { return nullptr; }
+  static address verify_oop_mask_address() { return nullptr; }
+  static address verify_oop_bits_address() { return nullptr; }
   static address* field_addresses_list()   { return nullptr; }
 #endif
 };
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeFlags.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeFlags.java
index 027dd4fbed6..966bacc3b14 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeFlags.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeFlags.java
@@ -30,8 +30,6 @@
  * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled & vm.compiler2.enabled
  * @comment Both C1 and C2 JIT compilers are required because the test verifies
  *          compiler's runtime blobs generation.
- * @requires vm.opt.VerifyOops == null | vm.opt.VerifyOops == false
- * @comment VerifyOops flag switch off AOT code generation. Skip it.
  * @library /test/lib /test/setup_aot
  * @build AOTCodeFlags JavacBenchApp
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar
@@ -49,8 +47,6 @@
  * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled & vm.compiler2.enabled
  * @comment Both C1 and C2 JIT compilers are required because the test verifies
  *          compiler's runtime blobs generation.
- * @requires vm.opt.VerifyOops == null | vm.opt.VerifyOops == false
- * @comment VerifyOops flag switch off AOT code generation. Skip it.
  * @library /test/lib /test/setup_aot
  * @build AOTCodeFlags JavacBenchApp
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar
@@ -68,8 +64,6 @@
  * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled & vm.compiler2.enabled
  * @comment Both C1 and C2 JIT compilers are required because the test verifies
  *          compiler's runtime blobs generation.
- * @requires vm.opt.VerifyOops == null | vm.opt.VerifyOops == false
- * @comment VerifyOops flag switch off AOT code generation. Skip it.
  * @library /test/lib /test/setup_aot
  * @build AOTCodeFlags JavacBenchApp
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar
@@ -87,8 +81,6 @@
  * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled & vm.compiler2.enabled
  * @comment Both C1 and C2 JIT compilers are required because the test verifies
  *          compiler's runtime blobs generation.
- * @requires vm.opt.VerifyOops == null | vm.opt.VerifyOops == false
- * @comment VerifyOops flag switch off AOT code generation. Skip it.
  * @library /test/lib /test/setup_aot
  * @build AOTCodeFlags JavacBenchApp
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeTest.java
index 2afcd802fc5..a27711b716b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeTest.java
@@ -30,8 +30,6 @@
  * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled & vm.compiler2.enabled
  * @comment Both C1 and C2 JIT compilers are required because the test verifies
  *          compiler's runtime blobs generation.
- * @requires vm.opt.VerifyOops == null | vm.opt.VerifyOops == false
- * @comment VerifyOops flag switch off AOT code generation. Skip it.
  * @library /test/lib /test/setup_aot
  * @build AOTCodeTest JavacBenchApp
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar
@@ -49,8 +47,6 @@
  * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled & vm.compiler2.enabled
  * @comment Both C1 and C2 JIT compilers are required because the test verifies
  *          compiler's runtime blobs generation.
- * @requires vm.opt.VerifyOops == null | vm.opt.VerifyOops == false
- * @comment VerifyOops flag switch off AOT code generation. Skip it.
  * @library /test/lib /test/setup_aot
  * @build AOTCodeTest JavacBenchApp
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar
@@ -68,8 +64,6 @@
  * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled & vm.compiler2.enabled
  * @comment Both C1 and C2 JIT compilers are required because the test verifies
  *          compiler's runtime blobs generation.
- * @requires vm.opt.VerifyOops == null | vm.opt.VerifyOops == false
- * @comment VerifyOops flag switch off AOT code generation. Skip it.
  * @library /test/lib /test/setup_aot
  * @build AOTCodeTest JavacBenchApp
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar
@@ -87,8 +81,6 @@
  * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled & vm.compiler2.enabled
  * @comment Both C1 and C2 JIT compilers are required because the test verifies
  *          compiler's runtime blobs generation.
- * @requires vm.opt.VerifyOops == null | vm.opt.VerifyOops == false
- * @comment VerifyOops flag switch off AOT code generation. Skip it.
  * @library /test/lib /test/setup_aot
  * @build AOTCodeTest JavacBenchApp
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar
@@ -106,8 +98,6 @@
  * @requires vm.compiler1.enabled & vm.compiler2.enabled
  * @comment Both C1 and C2 JIT compilers are required because the test verifies
  *          compiler's runtime blobs generation.
- * @requires vm.opt.VerifyOops == null | vm.opt.VerifyOops == false
- * @comment VerifyOops flag switch off AOT code generation. Skip it.
  * @library /test/lib /test/setup_aot
  * @build AOTCodeTest JavacBenchApp
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar
@@ -130,21 +120,32 @@ public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
         if (args.length == 0) {
             throw new RuntimeException("Expected GC name");
         }
-        Tester t = new Tester(args[0]);
+        Tester t = new Tester(args[0], false);
         t.run(new String[] {"AOT", "--two-step-training"});
+
+        if (System.getProperty("jdk.debug", "").contains("debug")) {
+          // Run with VerifyOops which is only supported in debug VM
+          t = new Tester(args[0], true);
+          t.run(new String[] {"AOT", "--two-step-training"});
+        }
     }
 
     static class Tester extends CDSAppTester {
         private String gcName;
+        private boolean withVerifyOops;
 
-        public Tester(String name) {
+        public Tester(String name, boolean verifyOops) {
             super("AOTCodeTest");
             gcName = name;
+            withVerifyOops = verifyOops;
         }
 
         public List<String> getGCArgs() {
             List<String> args = new ArrayList<String>();
             args.add("-Xmx100M");
+            if (withVerifyOops) {
+              args.add("-XX:+VerifyOops");
+            }
             switch (gcName) {
             case "G1":
             case "Parallel":
@@ -187,7 +188,9 @@ public void checkExecution(OutputAnalyzer out, RunMode runMode) throws Exception
                 out.shouldMatch("aot,codecache,exit.*\\s+AOT code cache size: [1-9]\\d+ bytes");
             } else if (runMode == RunMode.PRODUCTION) {
                 out.shouldMatch("aot,codecache,init.*\\s+Loaded [1-9]\\d+ AOT code entries from AOT Code Cache");
-                out.shouldMatch("aot,codecache,stubs.*\\s+Read blob.*kind=Adapter.*");
+                if (!withVerifyOops) { // Adapters are not cached for VerifyOops+Valhalla
+                    out.shouldMatch("aot,codecache,stubs.*\\s+Read blob.*kind=Adapter.*");
+                }
                 out.shouldMatch("aot,codecache,stubs.*\\s+Read blob.*kind=SharedBlob.*");
                 out.shouldMatch("aot,codecache,stubs.*\\s+Read blob.*kind=C1Blob.*");
             }

From 8a73ccfa9cf0005d460ad6fd863e75a1fe568488 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Valerie Peng <valeriep@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2026 18:23:34 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 528/707] 8390076: iList should be free'd after a failed
 C_GetInterfaceList() call in DEBUG mode

Reviewed-by: ayang, mbaesken
---
 src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/unix/native/libj2pkcs11/p11_md.c | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/unix/native/libj2pkcs11/p11_md.c b/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/unix/native/libj2pkcs11/p11_md.c
index 19f39188a18..316e5ceebe3 100644
--- a/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/unix/native/libj2pkcs11/p11_md.c
+++ b/src/jdk.crypto.cryptoki/unix/native/libj2pkcs11/p11_md.c
@@ -135,6 +135,7 @@ JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_sun_security_pkcs11_wrapper_PKCS11_connect
                 rv = C_GetInterfaceList(iList, &ulCount);
                 if (ckAssertReturnValueOK(env, rv) != CK_ASSERT_OK) {
                     TRACE0("Connect: error polling interface list\n");
+                    free(iList);
                     goto cleanup;
                 }
                 for (int i=0; i < (int)ulCount; i++) {

From 1abe57904213daf62fed0e000dc60d6085ef7977 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Coleen Phillimore <coleenp@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2026 18:27:05 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 529/707] 8341120: NPE message can be wrong for null restricted
 fields

Reviewed-by: heidinga, fparain, liach
---
 .../share/interpreter/bytecodeUtils.cpp       |  41 +++-
 src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.hpp       |   6 +
 src/hotspot/share/oops/resolvedFieldEntry.hpp |   1 +
 .../inlinetypes/NPEInPreviewTest.java         | 187 ++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 233 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/NPEInPreviewTest.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bytecodeUtils.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bytecodeUtils.cpp
index 4cc8b21f266..469aa0d5dcc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bytecodeUtils.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bytecodeUtils.cpp
@@ -28,6 +28,9 @@
 #include "gc/shared/gcLocker.hpp"
 #include "interpreter/bytecodeUtils.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
+#include "oops/constantPool.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/resolvedFieldEntry.hpp"
+#include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.hpp"
 #include "runtime/safepointVerifiers.hpp"
 #include "runtime/signature.hpp"
 #include "utilities/events.hpp"
@@ -302,6 +305,30 @@ static char const* get_field_name(Method* method, int cp_index, Bytecodes::Code
   return name->as_C_string();
 }
 
+static bool is_null_restricted_field(Method* method, address code_base, int bci) {
+  ConstantPool* cp = method->constants();
+  int cp_index = Bytes::get_native_u2(code_base + bci + 1);
+  ResolvedFieldEntry* field = cp->resolved_field_entry_at(cp_index);
+  const Bytecodes::Code bc = Bytecodes::_putfield;
+  bool is_resolved = field->is_resolved(bc);
+
+  if (is_resolved) {
+    return field->is_null_free_inline_type();
+  } else {
+    // This is more expensive but rare. C1 might not have resolved the field
+    // in the interpreter first.
+    fieldDescriptor fd;
+    Klass* klass = cp->resolved_klass_ref_at(cp_index, bc);
+    assert (klass != nullptr, "must be resolved if we got an NPE here");
+
+    Symbol* name  = cp->name_ref_at(cp_index, bc);
+    Symbol* sig  =  cp->signature_ref_at(cp_index, bc);
+    Klass* owner = InstanceKlass::cast(klass)->find_field(name, sig, false, &fd);
+    return owner != nullptr && fd.is_null_free_inline_type();
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
 static void print_local_var(outputStream *os, unsigned int bci, Method* method, int slot, bool is_parameter) {
   if (method->has_localvariable_table()) {
     for (int i = 0; i < method->localvariable_table_length(); i++) {
@@ -1111,6 +1138,7 @@ int ExceptionMessageBuilder::get_NPE_null_slot(int bci) {
     case Bytecodes::_monitorenter:
     case Bytecodes::_monitorexit:
     case Bytecodes::_checkcast:
+    case Bytecodes::_putstatic:
       return 0;
     case Bytecodes::_iaload:
     case Bytecodes::_faload:
@@ -1170,11 +1198,19 @@ int ExceptionMessageBuilder::get_NPE_null_slot(int bci) {
 }
 
 bool ExceptionMessageBuilder::print_NPE_cause(outputStream* os, int bci, int slot) {
+
+  address code_base = _method->constMethod()->code_base();
+  Bytecodes::Code code = Bytecodes::java_code_at(_method, code_base + bci);
+
   if (print_NPE_cause0(os, bci, slot, _max_cause_detail, false, " because \"")) {
-    address code_base = _method->constMethod()->code_base();
-    Bytecodes::Code code = Bytecodes::java_code_at(_method, code_base + bci);
     if (code == Bytecodes::_aastore) {
       os->print("\" is null or is a null-free array and there's an attempt to store null in it");
+    } else if (code == Bytecodes::_putfield && is_null_restricted_field(_method, code_base, bci)) {
+      int cp_index = Bytes::get_native_u2(code_base + bci + 1);
+      os->print("\" is null or \"%s\" is a null restricted field and there's an attempt to store null in it",
+                get_field_name(_method, cp_index, code));
+    } else if (code == Bytecodes::_putstatic) {
+      os->print("\" cannot be stored into a null restricted field");
     } else {
       os->print("\" is null");
     }
@@ -1428,6 +1464,7 @@ void ExceptionMessageBuilder::print_NPE_failed_action(outputStream *os, int bci)
         os->print("Cannot read field \"%s\"", name->as_C_string());
       } break;
     case Bytecodes::_putfield: {
+    case Bytecodes::_putstatic:
         int cp_index = Bytes::get_native_u2(code_base + pos);
         os->print("Cannot assign field \"%s\"", get_field_name(_method, cp_index, code));
       } break;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.hpp
index 824ec6409eb..8da04079eba 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.hpp
@@ -580,6 +580,12 @@ class ConstantPool : public Metadata {
     return symbol_at(signature_index);
   }
 
+  // Returns a resolved klass or nullptr if not resolved.  Does not try to resolve the class.
+  Klass* resolved_klass_ref_at(int which, Bytecodes::Code code) {
+    jint ref_index = klass_ref_index_at(which, code);
+    return resolved_klass_at(ref_index);
+  }
+
   u2 klass_ref_index_at(int which, Bytecodes::Code code);
   u2 name_and_type_ref_index_at(int which, Bytecodes::Code code);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/resolvedFieldEntry.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/resolvedFieldEntry.hpp
index a9153366f3e..f1dddb403e7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/resolvedFieldEntry.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/resolvedFieldEntry.hpp
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
 // the C++ compiler from potentially inserting random values in unused gaps.
 
 class InstanceKlass;
+class fieldDescriptor;
 
 class ResolvedFieldEntry {
   friend class VMStructs;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/NPEInPreviewTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/NPEInPreviewTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e1f7bfe9796
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/NPEInPreviewTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test NullPointerException messages thrown in for NPE in null restricted type.
+ * @bug 8341120
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile -g NPEInPreviewTest.java
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+ShowCodeDetailsInExceptionMessages NPEInPreviewTest interpreter
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1 -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+ShowCodeDetailsInExceptionMessages NPEInPreviewTest c1
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+ShowCodeDetailsInExceptionMessages NPEInPreviewTest c2
+ */
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class NPEInPreviewTest {
+
+    static boolean c1Mode;
+
+    @LooselyConsistentValue
+    static value class MyValue {
+        int i;
+        MyValue() { i = 0; }
+    }
+
+    static value class NotFlatValue {
+        int i;
+        int j;
+        int k;
+        NotFlatValue() { i = 5; j = 6; k = 7; }
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    MyValue val;
+
+    // Not null restricted.
+    MyValue nullVal;
+
+    NPEInPreviewTest() {
+      val = new MyValue();
+      super();
+    }
+
+    @NullRestricted
+    static MyValue staticVal;
+    // Not null restricted and null.
+    static MyValue nullStaticVal;
+
+    static void testNullRestrictedFieldError() {
+        String expectedMessage = "Cannot assign field \"val\" because \"test\" is null or \"val\" is a null restricted field and there's an attempt to store null in it";
+        try {
+            var test = new NPEInPreviewTest();
+            test.val = null;
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            String message = npe.getMessage();
+            System.out.println("*** " + message);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(expectedMessage, message);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testNullRestrictedFieldStoredInNullError() {
+        String expectedMessage = "Cannot assign field \"val\" because \"test\" is null or \"val\" is a null restricted field and there's an attempt to store null in it";
+        try {
+            NPEInPreviewTest test = null;
+            test.val = new MyValue();
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            String message = npe.getMessage();
+            System.out.println("*** " + message);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(expectedMessage, message);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testActualNullFieldError() {
+        String expectedMessage = "Cannot assign field \"nullVal\" because \"self\" is null";
+
+        try {
+            NPEInPreviewTest self = null;
+            self.nullVal = null;
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            String message = npe.getMessage();
+            System.out.println("*** " + message);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(expectedMessage, message);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    // Should not get the message:
+    // There cannot be a NullPointerException at bci 4 of method void NPEInPreviewTest.testNullRestrictedStaticFieldError()
+    static void testNullRestrictedStaticFieldError() {
+        String expectedMessage = "Cannot assign field \"staticVal\" because \"null\" cannot be stored into a null restricted field";
+
+        try {
+            staticVal = null;
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            String message = npe.getMessage();
+            System.out.println("*** " + message);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(expectedMessage, message);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testNullRestrictedStaticFieldError2() {
+        String expectedMessage = "Cannot assign field \"staticVal\" because \"NPEInPreviewTest.nullStaticVal\" cannot be stored into a null restricted field";
+
+        try {
+            staticVal = nullStaticVal;
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            String message = npe.getMessage();
+            System.out.println("*** " + message);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(expectedMessage, message);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testNullRestrictedArrayError() {
+        // This message comes from the interpreter/runtime code so is not processed by Helpful NPE.
+        String expectedMessage = "Cannot store null in a null-restricted array";
+        // This message comes from the c1 null check, so is processed by Helpful NPE.
+        String c1ExpectedMessage = "Cannot store to object array because \"a\" is null or is a null-free array and there's an attempt to store null in it";
+
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(MyValue.class, 10, new MyValue());
+            a[4] = null;
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            String message = npe.getMessage();
+            System.out.println("*** " + message);
+            if (c1Mode) {
+                Asserts.assertEquals(c1ExpectedMessage, message);
+            } else {
+                Asserts.assertEquals(expectedMessage, message);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testNullRestrictedNotFlatArrayError() {
+        String expectedMessage = "Cannot store to object array because \"a\" is null or is a null-free array and there's an attempt to store null in it";
+        try {
+            var a = ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(NotFlatValue.class, 10, new NotFlatValue());
+            a[4] = null;
+        } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
+            String message = npe.getMessage();
+            System.out.println("*** " + message);
+            Asserts.assertEquals(expectedMessage, message);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static {
+        staticVal = new MyValue();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        c1Mode = args[0].equals("c1");
+        testNullRestrictedFieldError();
+        testNullRestrictedFieldStoredInNullError();
+        testActualNullFieldError();
+        testNullRestrictedStaticFieldError();
+        testNullRestrictedStaticFieldError2();
+        testNullRestrictedArrayError();
+        testNullRestrictedNotFlatArrayError();
+    }
+}

From 911e50be4c9172b3315c88e3348a76ab1cf58f41 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Shiv Shah <shiv.shah@oracle.com>
Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2026 19:33:26 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 530/707] 8355320: FileUtils.copyDirectory() mishandles an
 existing destination directory

Reviewed-by: lmesnik
---
 test/lib-test/jdk/test/lib/FileUtilsTest.java | 34 +++++++++++++++++--
 test/lib/jdk/test/lib/util/FileUtils.java     |  6 +++-
 2 files changed, 36 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/lib-test/jdk/test/lib/FileUtilsTest.java b/test/lib-test/jdk/test/lib/FileUtilsTest.java
index 8ba047bb5c3..248e5c6571b 100644
--- a/test/lib-test/jdk/test/lib/FileUtilsTest.java
+++ b/test/lib-test/jdk/test/lib/FileUtilsTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
  */
 
 /* @test
- * @bug 8285452
+ * @bug 8285452 8355320
  * @summary Unit Test for a common Test API in jdk.test.lib.util.FileUtils
  * @library .. /test/lib
  * @run main FileUtilsTest
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
 public class FileUtilsTest {
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        testCopyDirectoryToPWD();
         // Replace with same line
         test("a", 1, 1, null, "a", "a\n");
         // Replace with different line
@@ -121,4 +122,31 @@ private static void test(String content, int from, int to, String replace,
         }
         Asserts.assertEQ(output, (expected != null) ? expected.replaceAll("\n", System.lineSeparator()) : null);
     }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+
+    private static void testCopyDirectoryToPWD() throws IOException {
+        // Create a source directory with a file
+        Path srcDir = Files.createTempDirectory("copyDirTest");
+        Path srcFile = srcDir.resolve("file1.txt");
+        Files.writeString(srcFile, "hello");
+
+        try {
+            // Copy to PWD (current directory)
+            Path pwd = Paths.get(".");
+            System.out.println("copyDirectory(\"" + srcDir + "\", \"" + pwd + "\")");
+            FileUtils.copyDirectory(srcDir, pwd);
+
+            // Verify the file was copied
+            Path copiedFile = pwd.resolve(srcDir.relativize(srcFile));
+            Asserts.assertTrue(Files.exists(copiedFile), "Copied file should exist");
+
+            // Verify we can still write to PWD after copyDirectory
+            Path newFile = Paths.get("file2.txt");
+            Files.writeString(newFile, "world");
+            Asserts.assertTrue(Files.exists(newFile), "Should be able to create files in PWD after copyDirectory");
+            Files.delete(newFile);
+            Files.delete(copiedFile);
+        } finally {
+            FileUtils.deleteFileTreeUnchecked(srcDir);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/util/FileUtils.java b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/util/FileUtils.java
index 8c149f3de81..b5b49350389 100644
--- a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/util/FileUtils.java
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/util/FileUtils.java
@@ -392,7 +392,11 @@ public static void copyDirectory(Path src, Path dst) throws IOException {
             stream.forEach(sourcePath -> {
                 try {
                     Path destPath = dst.resolve(src.relativize(sourcePath));
-                    Files.copy(sourcePath, destPath, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
+                    if (Files.isDirectory(sourcePath, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                        Files.createDirectories(destPath);
+                    } else {
+                        Files.copy(sourcePath, destPath, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
+                    }
                     destPath.toFile().setWritable(true);
                 } catch (IOException e) {
                     throw new RuntimeException(e);

From ade47e80307f1f5ecdacd45b8de47e1e831272fe Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ioi Lam <iklam@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2026 19:53:21 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 531/707] 8390132: Test
 runtime/cds/appcds/ClassPathAttrCircularReference.java "written dynamic
 archive" missing in output

Reviewed-by: kvn, lfoltan
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
index 2c364842503..24e5a16ba90 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
@@ -467,6 +467,7 @@ hotspot_appcds_dynamic = \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/resolvedConstants \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/ArchiveRelocationTest.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/BadBSM.java \
+ -runtime/cds/appcds/ClassPathAttrCircularReference.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/CommandLineFlagCombo.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/CommandLineFlagComboNegative.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/DumpClassList.java \

From 660d0aae3d39e3f06bc4cd983a6fc628fea2a6ef Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yasumasa Suenaga <ysuenaga@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:33:26 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 532/707] 8390014: TestInstanceKlassSize.java and
 TestInstanceKlassSizeForInterface.java failed when --enable-preview was
 passed

Reviewed-by: phubner, cjplummer
---
 .../sa/TestInstanceKlassSize.java             | 28 +++++++++++-------
 .../sa/TestInstanceKlassSizeForInterface.java | 29 ++++++++++++-------
 2 files changed, 35 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/sa/TestInstanceKlassSize.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/sa/TestInstanceKlassSize.java
index deabc946111..640f9ebd874 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/sa/TestInstanceKlassSize.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/sa/TestInstanceKlassSize.java
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
+
 import jdk.test.lib.apps.LingeredApp;
 import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
 import jdk.test.lib.JDKToolLauncher;
@@ -83,17 +85,21 @@ private static void startMeWithArgs() throws Exception {
         }
         try {
             // Run this app with the LingeredApp PID to get SA output from the LingeredApp
-            ProcessBuilder processBuilder = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder(
-                "--add-modules=jdk.hotspot.agent",
-                "--add-exports=jdk.hotspot.agent/sun.jvm.hotspot=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                "--add-exports=jdk.hotspot.agent/sun.jvm.hotspot.utilities=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                "--add-exports=jdk.hotspot.agent/sun.jvm.hotspot.oops=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                "--add-exports=jdk.hotspot.agent/sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
-                "-XX:+WhiteBoxAPI",
-                "-Xbootclasspath/a:.",
-                "TestInstanceKlassSize",
-                Long.toString(app.getPid()));
+            List<String> args = new ArrayList<>();
+            if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled()) {
+                args.add("--enable-preview");
+            }
+            args.add("--add-modules=jdk.hotspot.agent");
+            args.add("--add-exports=jdk.hotspot.agent/sun.jvm.hotspot=ALL-UNNAMED");
+            args.add("--add-exports=jdk.hotspot.agent/sun.jvm.hotspot.utilities=ALL-UNNAMED");
+            args.add("--add-exports=jdk.hotspot.agent/sun.jvm.hotspot.oops=ALL-UNNAMED");
+            args.add("--add-exports=jdk.hotspot.agent/sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger=ALL-UNNAMED");
+            args.add("-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions");
+            args.add("-XX:+WhiteBoxAPI");
+            args.add("-Xbootclasspath/a:.");
+            args.add("TestInstanceKlassSize");
+            args.add(Long.toString(app.getPid()));
+            ProcessBuilder processBuilder = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder(args);
             SATestUtils.addPrivilegesIfNeeded(processBuilder);
             output = ProcessTools.executeProcess(processBuilder);
             System.out.println(output.getOutput());
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/sa/TestInstanceKlassSizeForInterface.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/sa/TestInstanceKlassSizeForInterface.java
index fd192212bc4..eca368743a4 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/sa/TestInstanceKlassSizeForInterface.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/sa/TestInstanceKlassSizeForInterface.java
@@ -21,8 +21,11 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
+import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
 
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
+
 import sun.jvm.hotspot.HotSpotAgent;
 import sun.jvm.hotspot.utilities.SystemDictionaryHelper;
 import sun.jvm.hotspot.oops.InstanceKlass;
@@ -105,17 +108,21 @@ private static void createAnotherToAttach(
                             String[] instanceKlassNames,
                             int lingeredAppPid) throws Exception {
         // Start a new process to attach to the LingeredApp process to get SA info
-        ProcessBuilder processBuilder = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder(
-            "--add-modules=jdk.hotspot.agent",
-            "--add-exports=jdk.hotspot.agent/sun.jvm.hotspot=ALL-UNNAMED",
-            "--add-exports=jdk.hotspot.agent/sun.jvm.hotspot.utilities=ALL-UNNAMED",
-            "--add-exports=jdk.hotspot.agent/sun.jvm.hotspot.oops=ALL-UNNAMED",
-            "--add-exports=jdk.hotspot.agent/sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger=ALL-UNNAMED",
-            "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
-            "-XX:+WhiteBoxAPI",
-            "-Xbootclasspath/a:.",
-            "TestInstanceKlassSizeForInterface",
-            Integer.toString(lingeredAppPid));
+        List<String> args = new ArrayList<>();
+        if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled()) {
+            args.add("--enable-preview");
+        }
+        args.add("--add-modules=jdk.hotspot.agent");
+        args.add("--add-exports=jdk.hotspot.agent/sun.jvm.hotspot=ALL-UNNAMED");
+        args.add("--add-exports=jdk.hotspot.agent/sun.jvm.hotspot.utilities=ALL-UNNAMED");
+        args.add("--add-exports=jdk.hotspot.agent/sun.jvm.hotspot.oops=ALL-UNNAMED");
+        args.add("--add-exports=jdk.hotspot.agent/sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger=ALL-UNNAMED");
+        args.add("-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions");
+        args.add("-XX:+WhiteBoxAPI");
+        args.add("-Xbootclasspath/a:.");
+        args.add("TestInstanceKlassSizeForInterface");
+        args.add(Integer.toString(lingeredAppPid));
+        ProcessBuilder processBuilder = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder(args);
         SATestUtils.addPrivilegesIfNeeded(processBuilder);
         OutputAnalyzer SAOutput = ProcessTools.executeProcess(processBuilder);
         SAOutput.shouldHaveExitValue(0);

From 7be42518fee62def9afa8aea3bf611acb41e9d6f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Prasanta Sadhukhan <psadhukhan@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 12 Aug 2026 02:31:36 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 533/707] 8390104: Use correct bugid for test

Reviewed-by: kizune, serb
---
 test/jdk/javax/swing/JTable/TestJTableColWidth.java | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/javax/swing/JTable/TestJTableColWidth.java b/test/jdk/javax/swing/JTable/TestJTableColWidth.java
index 542c4d0ffa1..a85332ffe28 100644
--- a/test/jdk/javax/swing/JTable/TestJTableColWidth.java
+++ b/test/jdk/javax/swing/JTable/TestJTableColWidth.java
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 8192888
+ * @bug 8375573
  * @key headful
  * @summary Verifies JTable doesn't ignore setPreferredWidth during
  *          initial layout when AUTO_RESIZE_LAST_COLUMN is enabled

From 241381ba7049605699bfdc9d5743ad02266b1e2c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jatin Bhateja <jbhateja@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 12 Aug 2026 04:19:04 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 534/707] 8387213: Optimize Float16Vector.fma JIT sequence for
 x86 AVX512-FP16 targets

Reviewed-by: sviswanathan, vlivanov
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/assembler_x86.cpp         |  12 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/assembler_x86.hpp         |   6 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad                    |  26 +--
 .../TestFloat16VectorFMAAccumSpill.java       | 168 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../Float16VectorFMAAccumBenchmark.java       | 131 ++++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 322 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestFloat16VectorFMAAccumSpill.java
 create mode 100644 test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16VectorFMAAccumBenchmark.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/assembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/assembler_x86.cpp
index ea702d239a5..b04683468a8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/assembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/assembler_x86.cpp
@@ -8547,12 +8547,12 @@ void Assembler::vsqrtsh(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src) {
   emit_int16(0x51, (0xC0 | encode));
 }
 
-void Assembler::vfmadd132sh(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src1, XMMRegister src2) {
+void Assembler::vfmadd231sh(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src1, XMMRegister src2) {
   assert(VM_Version::supports_avx512_fp16(), "");
   InstructionAttr attributes(AVX_128bit, /* vex_w */ false, /* legacy_mode */ false, /* no_mask_reg */ true, /* uses_vl */ false);
   attributes.set_is_evex_instruction();
   int encode = vex_prefix_and_encode(dst->encoding(), src1->encoding(), src2->encoding(), VEX_SIMD_66, VEX_OPCODE_MAP6, &attributes);
-  emit_int16((unsigned char)0x99, (0xC0 | encode));
+  emit_int16((unsigned char)0xB9, (0xC0 | encode));
 }
 
 void Assembler::vpaddsb(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister nds, XMMRegister src, int vector_len) {
@@ -17057,16 +17057,16 @@ void Assembler::evsqrtph(XMMRegister dst, Address src, int vector_len) {
   emit_operand(dst, src, 0);
 }
 
-void Assembler::evfmadd132ph(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister nds, XMMRegister src, int vector_len) {
+void Assembler::evfmadd231ph(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister nds, XMMRegister src, int vector_len) {
   assert(VM_Version::supports_avx512_fp16(), "");
   assert(vector_len == Assembler::AVX_512bit || VM_Version::supports_avx512vl(), "");
   InstructionAttr attributes(vector_len, /* vex_w */ false, /* legacy_mode */ false, /* no_mask_reg */ true, /* uses_vl */ true);
   attributes.set_is_evex_instruction();
   int encode = vex_prefix_and_encode(dst->encoding(), nds->encoding(), src->encoding(), VEX_SIMD_66, VEX_OPCODE_MAP6, &attributes);
-  emit_int16(0x98, (0xC0 | encode));
+  emit_int16((unsigned char)0xB8, (0xC0 | encode));
 }
 
-void Assembler::evfmadd132ph(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister nds, Address src, int vector_len) {
+void Assembler::evfmadd231ph(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister nds, Address src, int vector_len) {
   assert(VM_Version::supports_avx512_fp16(), "");
   assert(vector_len == Assembler::AVX_512bit || VM_Version::supports_avx512vl(), "");
   InstructionMark im(this);
@@ -17074,7 +17074,7 @@ void Assembler::evfmadd132ph(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister nds, Address src, int
   attributes.set_is_evex_instruction();
   attributes.set_address_attributes(/* tuple_type */ EVEX_FV, /* input_size_in_bits */ EVEX_NObit);
   vex_prefix(src, nds->encoding(), dst->encoding(), VEX_SIMD_66, VEX_OPCODE_MAP6, &attributes);
-  emit_int8(0x98);
+  emit_int8((unsigned char)0xB8);
   emit_operand(dst, src, 0);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/assembler_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/assembler_x86.hpp
index d0d1aa3ee90..4c7990100c3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/assembler_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/assembler_x86.hpp
@@ -2569,7 +2569,7 @@ class Assembler : public AbstractAssembler  {
   void vmulsh(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister nds, XMMRegister src);
   void vdivsh(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister nds, XMMRegister src);
   void vsqrtsh(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src);
-  void vfmadd132sh(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src1, XMMRegister src2);
+  void vfmadd231sh(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src1, XMMRegister src2);
 
   // Saturating packed insturctions.
   void vpaddsb(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister nds, XMMRegister src, int vector_len);
@@ -2757,8 +2757,8 @@ class Assembler : public AbstractAssembler  {
   void evminph(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister nds, Address src, int vector_len);
   void evmaxph(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister nds, XMMRegister src, int vector_len);
   void evmaxph(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister nds, Address src, int vector_len);
-  void evfmadd132ph(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister nds, XMMRegister src, int vector_len);
-  void evfmadd132ph(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister nds, Address src, int vector_len);
+  void evfmadd231ph(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister nds, XMMRegister src, int vector_len);
+  void evfmadd231ph(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister nds, Address src, int vector_len);
   void evsqrtph(XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src1, int vector_len);
   void evsqrtph(XMMRegister dst, Address src1, int vector_len);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
index 6c3ca9fe7cb..393f37ef8e3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
@@ -25247,11 +25247,10 @@ instruct scalar_minmax_HF_reg(regF dst, regF src1, regF src2, kReg ktmp, regF xt
 
 instruct scalar_fma_HF_reg(regF dst, regF src1, regF src2)
 %{
-  match(Set dst (FmaHF  src2 (Binary dst src1)));
-  effect(DEF dst);
-  format %{ "scalar_fma_fp16 $dst, $src1, $src2\t# $dst = $dst * $src1 + $src2 fma packedH" %}
+  match(Set dst (FmaHF dst (Binary src1 src2)));
+  format %{ "scalar_fma_fp16 $dst, $src1, $src2\t# $dst = $src1 * $src2 + $dst fma packedH" %}
   ins_encode %{
-    __ vfmadd132sh($dst$$XMMRegister, $src2$$XMMRegister, $src1$$XMMRegister);
+    __ vfmadd231sh($dst$$XMMRegister, $src1$$XMMRegister, $src2$$XMMRegister);
   %}
   ins_pipe( pipe_slow );
 %}
@@ -25270,6 +25269,7 @@ instruct vector_sqrt_HF_reg(vec dst, vec src)
 
 instruct vector_sqrt_HF_mem(vec dst, memory src)
 %{
+  predicate(Matcher::vector_length_in_bytes(n) > 8);
   match(Set dst (SqrtVHF (VectorReinterpret (LoadVector src))));
   format %{ "vector_sqrt_fp16_mem $dst, $src" %}
   ins_encode %{
@@ -25297,6 +25297,7 @@ instruct vector_binOps_HF_reg(vec dst, vec src1, vec src2)
 
 instruct vector_binOps_HF_mem(vec dst, vec src1, memory src2)
 %{
+  predicate(Matcher::vector_length_in_bytes(n) > 8);
   match(Set dst (AddVHF src1 (VectorReinterpret (LoadVector src2))));
   match(Set dst (DivVHF src1 (VectorReinterpret (LoadVector src2))));
   match(Set dst (MulVHF src1 (VectorReinterpret (LoadVector src2))));
@@ -25312,29 +25313,30 @@ instruct vector_binOps_HF_mem(vec dst, vec src1, memory src2)
 
 instruct vector_fma_HF_reg(vec dst, vec src1, vec src2)
 %{
-  match(Set dst (FmaVHF src2 (Binary dst src1)));
-  format %{ "vector_fma_fp16 $dst, $src1, $src2\t# $dst = $dst * $src1 + $src2 fma packedH" %}
+  match(Set dst (FmaVHF dst (Binary src1 src2)));
+  format %{ "vector_fma_fp16 $dst, $src1, $src2\t# $dst = $src1 * $src2 + $dst fma packedH" %}
   ins_encode %{
     int vlen_enc = vector_length_encoding(this);
-    __ evfmadd132ph($dst$$XMMRegister, $src2$$XMMRegister, $src1$$XMMRegister, vlen_enc);
+    __ evfmadd231ph($dst$$XMMRegister, $src1$$XMMRegister, $src2$$XMMRegister, vlen_enc);
   %}
   ins_pipe( pipe_slow );
 %}
 
-instruct vector_fma_HF_mem(vec dst, memory src1, vec src2)
+instruct vector_fma_HF_mem(vec dst, vec src1, memory src2)
 %{
-  match(Set dst (FmaVHF src2 (Binary dst (VectorReinterpret (LoadVector src1)))));
-  format %{ "vector_fma_fp16_mem $dst, $src1, $src2\t# $dst = $dst * $src1 + $src2 fma packedH" %}
+  predicate(Matcher::vector_length_in_bytes(n) > 8);
+  match(Set dst (FmaVHF dst (Binary src1 (VectorReinterpret (LoadVector src2)))));
+  format %{ "vector_fma_fp16_mem $dst, $src1, $src2\t# $dst = $src1 * $src2 + $dst fma packedH" %}
   ins_encode %{
     int vlen_enc = vector_length_encoding(this);
-    __ evfmadd132ph($dst$$XMMRegister, $src2$$XMMRegister, $src1$$Address, vlen_enc);
+    __ evfmadd231ph($dst$$XMMRegister, $src1$$XMMRegister, $src2$$Address, vlen_enc);
   %}
   ins_pipe( pipe_slow );
 %}
 
 instruct vector_minmax_HF_mem_avx10_2(vec dst, vec src1, memory src2)
 %{
-  predicate(VM_Version::supports_avx10_2());
+  predicate(VM_Version::supports_avx10_2() && Matcher::vector_length_in_bytes(n) > 8);
   match(Set dst (MinVHF src1 (VectorReinterpret (LoadVector src2))));
   match(Set dst (MaxVHF src1 (VectorReinterpret (LoadVector src2))));
   format %{ "vector_min_max_fp16_mem $dst, $src1, $src2" %}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestFloat16VectorFMAAccumSpill.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestFloat16VectorFMAAccumSpill.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..63aad3341e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestFloat16VectorFMAAccumSpill.java
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+* @test
+* @bug 8387213
+* @summary Float16Vector.fma must accumulate in-place (231-form) so a register
+*          blocked FMA reduction does not spill accumulators to the stack.
+* @modules jdk.incubator.vector
+* @library /test/lib /
+* @run driver ${test.main.class}
+*/
+
+package compiler.vectorapi;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import compiler.lib.verify.Verify;
+import jdk.incubator.vector.*;
+import static jdk.incubator.vector.Float16.*;
+import compiler.lib.generators.Generator;
+import static compiler.lib.generators.Generators.G;
+
+public class TestFloat16VectorFMAAccumSpill {
+
+    static final VectorSpecies<Float16> SPECIES = Float16Vector.SPECIES_PREFERRED;
+    static final int L = SPECIES.length();
+
+    // Register-blocked GEMM micro-kernel tile: ROWS accumulators (from A) times
+    // COLS B vectors == 24 loop-carried accumulators. At this tile size the
+    // 132-form (result tied to a multiplicand) cannot keep an accumulator live in
+    // its own register and spills to the stack, whereas the 231-form (result tied
+    // to the addend, i.e. vfmadd231ph) accumulates in place with no spills.
+    static final int ROWS = 4;
+    static final int COLS = 6;
+    static final int K    = 256;
+
+    final short[] apack;                 // K * ROWS scalars (raw binary16 bits)
+    final short[] bpack;                 // K * COLS * L elements
+    final short[] output;                // ROWS * COLS * L result tile
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestFramework.runWithFlags("--add-modules=jdk.incubator.vector");
+    }
+
+    public TestFloat16VectorFMAAccumSpill() {
+        apack  = new short[K * ROWS];
+        bpack  = new short[K * COLS * L];
+        output = new short[ROWS * COLS * L];
+        Generator<Short> gen = G.float16s();
+        for (int i = 0; i < apack.length; i++) {
+            apack[i] = gen.next();
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < bpack.length; i++) {
+            bpack[i] = gen.next();
+        }
+    }
+
+    // The FMA must be intrinsified (FmaVHF) and, in the final code, the
+    // register-blocked reduction must not spill any vector accumulator to the
+    // stack (no MemToRegSpillCopy of a vector type). A regression to the 132-form
+    // reintroduces the accumulator-preserving copies/spills and fails this test.
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.FMA_VHF, ">0"},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512_fp16", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.MEM_TO_REG_SPILL_COPY_TYPE, "vector[xyz]"},
+        phase = {CompilePhase.FINAL_CODE},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"avx512_fp16", "true"})
+    void fmaAccum() {
+        Float16Vector c00 = (Float16Vector) SPECIES.zero();
+        Float16Vector c01 = c00, c02 = c00, c03 = c00, c04 = c00, c05 = c00;
+        Float16Vector c10 = c00, c11 = c00, c12 = c00, c13 = c00, c14 = c00, c15 = c00;
+        Float16Vector c20 = c00, c21 = c00, c22 = c00, c23 = c00, c24 = c00, c25 = c00;
+        Float16Vector c30 = c00, c31 = c00, c32 = c00, c33 = c00, c34 = c00, c35 = c00;
+
+        for (int k = 0; k < K; k++) {
+            int abase = k * ROWS;
+            Float16Vector a0 = Float16Vector.broadcast(SPECIES, apack[abase]);
+            Float16Vector a1 = Float16Vector.broadcast(SPECIES, apack[abase + 1]);
+            Float16Vector a2 = Float16Vector.broadcast(SPECIES, apack[abase + 2]);
+            Float16Vector a3 = Float16Vector.broadcast(SPECIES, apack[abase + 3]);
+
+            int bbase = k * COLS * L;
+            Float16Vector b0 = Float16Vector.fromArray(SPECIES, bpack, bbase);
+            Float16Vector b1 = Float16Vector.fromArray(SPECIES, bpack, bbase + L);
+            Float16Vector b2 = Float16Vector.fromArray(SPECIES, bpack, bbase + 2 * L);
+            Float16Vector b3 = Float16Vector.fromArray(SPECIES, bpack, bbase + 3 * L);
+            Float16Vector b4 = Float16Vector.fromArray(SPECIES, bpack, bbase + 4 * L);
+            Float16Vector b5 = Float16Vector.fromArray(SPECIES, bpack, bbase + 5 * L);
+
+            c00 = (Float16Vector) a0.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b0, c00);
+            c01 = (Float16Vector) a0.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b1, c01);
+            c02 = (Float16Vector) a0.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b2, c02);
+            c03 = (Float16Vector) a0.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b3, c03);
+            c04 = (Float16Vector) a0.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b4, c04);
+            c05 = (Float16Vector) a0.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b5, c05);
+            c10 = (Float16Vector) a1.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b0, c10);
+            c11 = (Float16Vector) a1.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b1, c11);
+            c12 = (Float16Vector) a1.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b2, c12);
+            c13 = (Float16Vector) a1.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b3, c13);
+            c14 = (Float16Vector) a1.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b4, c14);
+            c15 = (Float16Vector) a1.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b5, c15);
+            c20 = (Float16Vector) a2.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b0, c20);
+            c21 = (Float16Vector) a2.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b1, c21);
+            c22 = (Float16Vector) a2.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b2, c22);
+            c23 = (Float16Vector) a2.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b3, c23);
+            c24 = (Float16Vector) a2.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b4, c24);
+            c25 = (Float16Vector) a2.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b5, c25);
+            c30 = (Float16Vector) a3.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b0, c30);
+            c31 = (Float16Vector) a3.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b1, c31);
+            c32 = (Float16Vector) a3.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b2, c32);
+            c33 = (Float16Vector) a3.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b3, c33);
+            c34 = (Float16Vector) a3.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b4, c34);
+            c35 = (Float16Vector) a3.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, b5, c35);
+        }
+
+        store(0, 0, c00); store(0, 1, c01); store(0, 2, c02);
+        store(0, 3, c03); store(0, 4, c04); store(0, 5, c05);
+        store(1, 0, c10); store(1, 1, c11); store(1, 2, c12);
+        store(1, 3, c13); store(1, 4, c14); store(1, 5, c15);
+        store(2, 0, c20); store(2, 1, c21); store(2, 2, c22);
+        store(2, 3, c23); store(2, 4, c24); store(2, 5, c25);
+        store(3, 0, c30); store(3, 1, c31); store(3, 2, c32);
+        store(3, 3, c33); store(3, 4, c34); store(3, 5, c35);
+    }
+
+    void store(int r, int c, Float16Vector v) {
+        v.intoArray(output, (r * COLS + c) * L);
+    }
+
+    @Check(test = "fmaAccum")
+    void check() {
+        for (int r = 0; r < ROWS; r++) {
+            for (int c = 0; c < COLS; c++) {
+                for (int lane = 0; lane < L; lane++) {
+                    // Scalar reference in the same per-lane accumulation order.
+                    Float16 acc = valueOf(0.0f);
+                    for (int k = 0; k < K; k++) {
+                        Float16 a = shortBitsToFloat16(apack[k * ROWS + r]);
+                        Float16 b = shortBitsToFloat16(bpack[k * COLS * L + c * L + lane]);
+                        acc = fma(a, b, acc);
+                    }
+                    Float16 actual = shortBitsToFloat16(output[(r * COLS + c) * L + lane]);
+                    Verify.checkEQ(actual, acc);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16VectorFMAAccumBenchmark.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16VectorFMAAccumBenchmark.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..97862fc5d23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/jdk/incubator/vector/Float16VectorFMAAccumBenchmark.java
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.jdk.incubator.vector;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import jdk.incubator.vector.*;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.*;
+
+/*
+ * Register-blocked, loop-carried Float16Vector FMA accumulation -- the inner
+ * "micro-kernel" shape used by FP16 GEMM and similar BLAS-3 kernels.
+ */
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@Fork(value = 1, jvmArgs = {"--add-modules=jdk.incubator.vector", "-Xbatch", "-XX:-TieredCompilation"})
+public class Float16VectorFMAAccumBenchmark {
+
+    @Param({"256", "1024"})
+    int K;
+
+    static final VectorSpecies<Float16> SP = Float16Vector.SPECIES_PREFERRED;
+    static final int L = SP.length();
+
+    short[] bpack;
+    short[] apack;
+
+    static short f16(float v) { return Float16.float16ToRawShortBits(Float16.valueOf(v)); }
+
+    @Setup(Level.Trial)
+    public void setup() {
+        bpack = new short[K * 6 * L];
+        apack = new short[K * 4];
+        // Small bounded values keep FP16 accumulation finite.
+        for (int k = 0; k < K; k++) {
+            for (int c = 0; c < 6 * L; c++) {
+                bpack[k * 6 * L + c] = f16((((k + c) % 7) - 3) * 0.0625f);
+            }
+            for (int r = 0; r < 4; r++) {
+                apack[k * 4 + r] = f16((((k + r) % 5) - 2) * 0.125f);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // 24 live accumulators (4 rows x 6 B vectors) -- the full GEMM micro-kernel
+    // tile. At this tile size the 132-form (result tied to a multiplicand)
+    // overflows the ZMM register file and spills to the stack, whereas the
+    // 231-form accumulates in place.
+    @Benchmark
+    public short fmaAccum24() {
+        Float16Vector z = Float16Vector.broadcast(SP, (short) 0);
+        Float16Vector c00 = z, c01 = z, c02 = z, c03 = z, c04 = z, c05 = z,
+                      c10 = z, c11 = z, c12 = z, c13 = z, c14 = z, c15 = z,
+                      c20 = z, c21 = z, c22 = z, c23 = z, c24 = z, c25 = z,
+                      c30 = z, c31 = z, c32 = z, c33 = z, c34 = z, c35 = z;
+        int b = 0, a = 0;
+        for (int k = 0; k < K; k++, b += 6 * L, a += 4) {
+            Float16Vector b0 = Float16Vector.fromArray(SP, bpack, b);
+            Float16Vector b1 = Float16Vector.fromArray(SP, bpack, b + L);
+            Float16Vector b2 = Float16Vector.fromArray(SP, bpack, b + 2 * L);
+            Float16Vector b3 = Float16Vector.fromArray(SP, bpack, b + 3 * L);
+            Float16Vector b4 = Float16Vector.fromArray(SP, bpack, b + 4 * L);
+            Float16Vector b5 = Float16Vector.fromArray(SP, bpack, b + 5 * L);
+            Float16Vector av;
+            av = Float16Vector.broadcast(SP, apack[a]);
+            c00 = b0.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c00);
+            c01 = b1.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c01);
+            c02 = b2.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c02);
+            c03 = b3.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c03);
+            c04 = b4.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c04);
+            c05 = b5.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c05);
+            av = Float16Vector.broadcast(SP, apack[a + 1]);
+            c10 = b0.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c10);
+            c11 = b1.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c11);
+            c12 = b2.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c12);
+            c13 = b3.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c13);
+            c14 = b4.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c14);
+            c15 = b5.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c15);
+            av = Float16Vector.broadcast(SP, apack[a + 2]);
+            c20 = b0.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c20);
+            c21 = b1.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c21);
+            c22 = b2.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c22);
+            c23 = b3.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c23);
+            c24 = b4.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c24);
+            c25 = b5.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c25);
+            av = Float16Vector.broadcast(SP, apack[a + 3]);
+            c30 = b0.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c30);
+            c31 = b1.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c31);
+            c32 = b2.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c32);
+            c33 = b3.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c33);
+            c34 = b4.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c34);
+            c35 = b5.lanewise(VectorOperators.FMA, av, c35);
+        }
+        Float16Vector r0 = c00.lanewise(VectorOperators.ADD, c01)
+                              .lanewise(VectorOperators.ADD, c02.lanewise(VectorOperators.ADD, c03))
+                              .lanewise(VectorOperators.ADD, c04.lanewise(VectorOperators.ADD, c05));
+        Float16Vector r1 = c10.lanewise(VectorOperators.ADD, c11)
+                              .lanewise(VectorOperators.ADD, c12.lanewise(VectorOperators.ADD, c13))
+                              .lanewise(VectorOperators.ADD, c14.lanewise(VectorOperators.ADD, c15));
+        Float16Vector r2 = c20.lanewise(VectorOperators.ADD, c21)
+                              .lanewise(VectorOperators.ADD, c22.lanewise(VectorOperators.ADD, c23))
+                              .lanewise(VectorOperators.ADD, c24.lanewise(VectorOperators.ADD, c25));
+        Float16Vector r3 = c30.lanewise(VectorOperators.ADD, c31)
+                              .lanewise(VectorOperators.ADD, c32.lanewise(VectorOperators.ADD, c33))
+                              .lanewise(VectorOperators.ADD, c34.lanewise(VectorOperators.ADD, c35));
+        Float16Vector acc = r0.lanewise(VectorOperators.ADD, r1)
+                              .lanewise(VectorOperators.ADD, r2.lanewise(VectorOperators.ADD, r3));
+        return acc.reduceLanes(VectorOperators.ADD);
+    }
+}

From 4d4c0b4f4127badc46ccea88b015630c5afc02bf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alan Bateman <alanb@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 12 Aug 2026 05:55:32 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 535/707] 8389671: (se) Blocking selection op in virtual thread
 does not keep spare alive beyond scheduler keep alive time (win)

Reviewed-by: jpai
---
 .../sun/nio/ch/WEPollSelectorImpl.java        |  66 ++++++-
 .../nio/channels/vthread/PinnedBySelect.java  | 153 +++++++++++++++
 .../nio/channels/vthread/SelectDuration.java  | 176 ++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 386 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/java/nio/channels/vthread/PinnedBySelect.java
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/java/nio/channels/vthread/SelectDuration.java

diff --git a/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/ch/WEPollSelectorImpl.java b/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/ch/WEPollSelectorImpl.java
index f2bff88675f..3884fc12c2c 100644
--- a/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/ch/WEPollSelectorImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/ch/WEPollSelectorImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 import java.util.Deque;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 import java.util.function.Consumer;
 import jdk.internal.misc.Blocker;
 
@@ -93,21 +94,21 @@ protected int doSelect(Consumer<SelectionKey> action, long timeout)
         throws IOException
     {
         assert Thread.holdsLock(this);
+        assert timeout >= -1L;
 
-        // epoll_wait timeout is int
-        int to = (int) Math.min(timeout, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
-        boolean blocking = (to != 0);
+        // poll timeout is int
+        int pollTimeout = Math.clamp(timeout, -1, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
+        boolean blocking = (pollTimeout != 0);
 
         int numEntries;
         processUpdateQueue();
         processDeregisterQueue();
         try {
             begin(blocking);
-            boolean attempted = Blocker.begin(blocking);
-            try {
-                numEntries = WEPoll.wait(eph, pollArrayAddress, NUM_EPOLLEVENTS, to);
-            } finally {
-                Blocker.end(attempted);
+            if (blocking && Thread.currentThread().isVirtual()) {
+                numEntries = compensatingPoll(pollTimeout);
+            } else {
+                numEntries = poll(pollTimeout);
             }
         } finally {
             end(blocking);
@@ -116,6 +117,53 @@ protected int doSelect(Consumer<SelectionKey> action, long timeout)
         return processEvents(numEntries, action);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Poll for I/O events.
+     */
+    private int poll(int pollTimeout) throws IOException {
+        return WEPoll.wait(eph, pollArrayAddress, NUM_EPOLLEVENTS, pollTimeout);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Invoked by a virtual thread to poll for I/O events without releasing its carrier
+     * thread. The Blocker mechanism is used to arrange for a spare carrier thread to
+     * be activated if necessary while the blocking operation is in progress.
+     * The maximum underlying poll is 10s to ensure that the Blocker mechanism keeps
+     * a spare thread available for the entire duration of the poll. This avoids
+     * cases where the keep alive timeout kicks in and the spare terminates while
+     * the poll is in progress.
+     * @param pollTimeout the poll time or -1 to block indefinitely
+     */
+    private int compensatingPoll(int pollTimeout) throws IOException {
+        assert Thread.currentThread().isVirtual() && pollTimeout != 0;
+        long startTime = System.nanoTime();
+
+        // non-blocking
+        int numEntries = poll(0);
+        if (numEntries > 0) {
+            return numEntries;
+        }
+
+        // blocking loop
+        for (;;) {
+            boolean attempted = Blocker.begin();
+            try {
+                long rem = (pollTimeout > 0)
+                    ? pollTimeout - TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS.toMillis(System.nanoTime() - startTime)
+                    : Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+                if (rem <= 0) {
+                    return 0;
+                }
+                numEntries = poll(Math.clamp(rem, 1, 10_000));  // max 10s
+                if (numEntries > 0) {
+                    return numEntries;
+                }
+            } finally {
+                Blocker.end(attempted);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * Process changes to the interest ops.
      */
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/nio/channels/vthread/PinnedBySelect.java b/test/jdk/java/nio/channels/vthread/PinnedBySelect.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e549bb70921
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/nio/channels/vthread/PinnedBySelect.java
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8389671
+ * @summary On Windows, a virtual thread invoking Selector.select will pin its carrier
+ *     for the duration of the selection operation. Test that a spare thread is used to
+ *     carry virtual threads that are started or continue while all carriers are pinned.
+ * @requires test.thread.factory != "Virtual"
+ * @modules java.base/java.lang:+open
+ *          java.base/java.util.concurrent:+open
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run junit/othervm/timeout=600 ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.nio.channels.Selector;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.thread.VThreadRunner;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+class PinnedBySelect {
+
+    private static final int N_THREADS = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors();
+
+    private static long keepAliveTime;  // scheduler keep alive time in millis
+    private static List<Thread> vthreads;
+
+    /**
+     * Start threads to block in timed and untimed selection operations. This
+     * will pin all carriers on Windows.
+     */
+    @BeforeAll
+    static void setup() throws Exception {
+        keepAliveTime = schedulerKeepAlive();
+        log("Scheduler keepAlive = %s ms", keepAliveTime);
+
+        log("Start %d selector threads ...", N_THREADS);
+        vthreads = new ArrayList<>();
+        var latch = new CountDownLatch(N_THREADS);
+        for (int i = 0; i < N_THREADS; i++) {
+            boolean timed = (i % 2) == 0;
+            Thread vthread = Thread.ofVirtual().start(() -> {
+                try (var sel = Selector.open()) {
+                    latch.countDown();
+                    if (timed) {
+                        sel.select(Duration.ofHours(1).toMillis());
+                    } else {
+                        sel.select();
+                    }
+                } catch (IOException ioe) {
+                    ioe.printStackTrace();
+                }
+            });
+            vthreads.add(vthread);
+        }
+        latch.await();
+        log("All started.");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Shutdown selector threads.
+     */
+    @AfterAll
+    static void finish() throws Exception {
+        log("Waiting for selector threads to terminate ...");
+        for (Thread vthread : vthreads) {
+            vthread.interrupt();
+            vthread.join();
+        }
+        log("All terminated.");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Noop test to check that a spare thread is used.
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testNoop() throws Exception {
+        VThreadRunner.run(() -> {
+            // do nothing
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test that a spare thread is used to continue a virtual thread that sleeps
+     * for longer than the scheduler's keep alive time
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testSleep() throws Exception {
+        long sleepTime = keepAliveTime + 1000;
+        VThreadRunner.run(() -> {
+            log("%s sleep %dms ...", Thread.currentThread(), sleepTime);
+            Thread.sleep(Duration.ofMillis(sleepTime));
+            log("%s sleep done", Thread.currentThread());
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the keep alive time for the ForkJoinPool instance used as the virtual
+     * thread scheduler.
+     */
+    private static long schedulerKeepAlive() throws Exception  {
+        Field schedulerField = Class.forName("java.lang.VirtualThread")
+                .getDeclaredField("DEFAULT_SCHEDULER");
+        schedulerField.setAccessible(true);
+        var pool = (ForkJoinPool) schedulerField.get(null);
+
+        Field keepAliveAlive = ForkJoinPool.class.getDeclaredField("keepAlive");
+        keepAliveAlive.setAccessible(true);
+        return keepAliveAlive.getLong(pool);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Log the give message/args to standard error with a time stamp.
+     */
+    private static void log(String format, Object ... args) {
+        Object[] newArgs = new Object[args.length + 1];
+        newArgs[0] = Instant.now();
+        System.arraycopy(args, 0, newArgs, 1, args.length);
+        System.err.printf("%s " + format + "%n", newArgs);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/nio/channels/vthread/SelectDuration.java b/test/jdk/java/nio/channels/vthread/SelectDuration.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fd680a907c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/nio/channels/vthread/SelectDuration.java
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test the duration of selection operations performed by virtual threads
+ *     when the expected duration of the select op is known
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run junit/othervm/timeout=600 ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.Pipe;
+import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
+import java.nio.channels.Selector;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.util.concurrent.*;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.thread.VThreadRunner;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+class SelectDuration {
+
+    // used for scheduling thread tasks
+    private static ScheduledExecutorService scheduler;
+
+    @BeforeAll
+    static void setup() {
+        ThreadFactory factory = Executors.defaultThreadFactory();
+        scheduler = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor(factory);
+    }
+
+    @AfterAll
+    static void finish() {
+        scheduler.shutdown();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Durations to test. Include at least one >10s to test the Windows implementation.
+     */
+    static Stream<Integer> durations() {
+        if (ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextBoolean()) {
+            return Stream.of(1000, 10_500);
+        } else {
+            return Stream.of(1000, 20_500);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test select timeout.
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("durations")
+    void testTimeout(long timeout) throws Exception {
+        VThreadRunner.run(() -> {
+            try (var sel = Selector.open()) {
+                long start = millisTime();
+                int n = sel.select(timeout);
+                assertDuration(timeout, millisTime() - start);
+                assertEquals(0, n);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test selecting the key for a channel that is ready for I/O after a delay.
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("durations")
+    void testSelected(long delay) throws Exception {
+        VThreadRunner.run(() -> {
+            Pipe p = Pipe.open();
+            Pipe.SinkChannel sink = p.sink();
+            Pipe.SourceChannel source = p.source();
+            try (var sel = Selector.open()) {
+                source.configureBlocking(false);
+                SelectionKey key = source.register(sel, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
+                ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.wrap("hello".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+                // start time before scheduling write
+                long start = millisTime();
+                scheduler.schedule(() -> sink.write(buf), delay, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+                int n = sel.select();
+                assertDuration(delay, millisTime() - start);
+                assertEquals(1, n);
+                assertTrue(key.isReadable());
+            } finally {
+                sink.close();
+                source.close();
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test causing select to wakeup after a delay.
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("durations")
+    void testWakeup(long delay) throws Exception {
+        VThreadRunner.run(() -> {
+            try (var sel = Selector.open()) {
+                // start time before scheduling wakeup
+                long start = millisTime();
+                scheduler.schedule(sel::wakeup, delay, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+                int n = sel.select();
+                assertDuration(delay, millisTime() - start);
+                assertEquals(0, n);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test interrupting a thread blocked in select after a delay.
+     */
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("durations")
+    void testInterrupt(long delay) throws Exception {
+        VThreadRunner.run(() -> {
+            try (var sel = Selector.open()) {
+                Thread vthread = Thread.currentThread();
+                // start time before scheduling interrupt
+                long start = millisTime();
+                scheduler.schedule(vthread::interrupt, delay, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+                int n = sel.select();
+                assertDuration(delay, millisTime() - start);
+                assertEquals(0, n);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the current time in milliseconds.
+     */
+    private static long millisTime() {
+        long now = System.nanoTime();
+        return TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.convert(now, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check the duration of a task.
+     * @param expectedDuration expected duration
+     * @param actualDuration actual duration
+     */
+    private static void assertDuration(long expectedDuration, long actualDuration) {
+        long min = expectedDuration - 100;
+        long max = expectedDuration + 15_000;  // allow for debug builds or slow machines
+        assertTrue(actualDuration >= min,
+                "Duration " + actualDuration + "ms, expected >= " + min + "ms");
+        assertTrue(actualDuration <= max,
+                "Duration " + actualDuration + "ms, expected <= " + max + "ms");
+    }
+}

From 75984f1302f12cd5efab9ff1f3f26d4918756cba Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Hagedorn <chagedorn@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 12 Aug 2026 06:17:04 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 536/707] 8353624: C2: Re-enable malformed graph assert removed
 with JDK-8317998 to reduce noise

Reviewed-by: qamai, thartmann
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp | 2 ++
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
index 55e27264737..8e92471d4df 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
@@ -4870,6 +4870,8 @@ bool Compile::final_graph_reshaping() {
 
       // Recheck with a better notion of 'required_outcnt'
       if (n->outcnt() != required_outcnt) {
+        DEBUG_ONLY(n->dump_bfs(3, nullptr, "-"));
+        assert(false, "malformed control flow");
         record_method_not_compilable("malformed control flow");
         return true;            // Not all targets reachable!
       }

From 714b4f6bfd9801eef3c289dc7ec246544ee523a0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Quan Anh Mai <qamai@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 12 Aug 2026 07:09:14 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 537/707] 8390186: [Valhalla] LoadNode::Value should check for
 ary->is_not_flat()

Reviewed-by: thartmann, chagedorn
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
index c1a295abd67..d90d01175f7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
@@ -2393,7 +2393,7 @@ const Type* LoadNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
     // expression (LShiftL quux 3) independently optimized to the constant 8.
     if ((t->isa_int() == nullptr) && (t->isa_long() == nullptr)
         && (_type->isa_vect() == nullptr)
-        && !ary->is_flat()
+        && ary->is_not_flat()
         && Opcode() != Op_LoadKlass && Opcode() != Op_LoadNKlass) {
       // t might actually be lower than _type, if _type is a unique
       // concrete subclass of abstract class t.

From e1502b52f099c37c9c2fd2aad147dec95ff685b0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 12 Aug 2026 08:04:06 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 538/707] 8390077: Rebalance tier1_compiler test groups

Reviewed-by: mhaessig, lmesnik
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups | 50 +++++++++++++++++-----------------
 1 file changed, 25 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
index 24e5a16ba90..b7dcba10a35 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
@@ -163,19 +163,6 @@ tier1_compiler_1 = \
   compiler/blackhole/ \
   compiler/c1/ \
   compiler/c2/ \
-  -compiler/arraycopy/stress \
-  -compiler/c2/Test6850611.java \
-  -compiler/c2/cr6890943/Test6890943.java \
-  -compiler/c2/Test6905845.java \
-  -compiler/c2/cr6340864 \
-  -compiler/c2/cr6589834 \
-  -compiler/c2/cr8004867 \
-  -compiler/c2/stemmer \
-  -compiler/c2/Test6792161.java \
-  -compiler/c2/Test6603011.java \
-  -compiler/c2/Test6912517.java
-
-tier1_compiler_2 = \
   compiler/ccp/ \
   compiler/ciTypeFlow/ \
   compiler/classUnloading/ \
@@ -187,24 +174,42 @@ tier1_compiler_2 = \
   compiler/escapeAnalysis/ \
   compiler/exceptions/ \
   compiler/floatingpoint/ \
+  -compiler/arraycopy/stress \
+  -compiler/c2/Test6850611.java \
+  -compiler/c2/cr6890943/Test6890943.java \
+  -compiler/c2/Test6905845.java \
+  -compiler/c2/cr6340864 \
+  -compiler/c2/cr6589834 \
+  -compiler/c2/cr8004867 \
+  -compiler/c2/stemmer \
+  -compiler/c2/Test6792161.java \
+  -compiler/c2/Test6603011.java \
+  -compiler/c2/Test6912517.java \
+  -compiler/classUnloading/methodUnloading/TestOverloadCompileQueues.java \
+  -compiler/codecache/stress \
+  -compiler/codegen/aes
+  
+tier1_compiler_2 = \
   compiler/gcbarriers/ \
   compiler/igvn/ \
   compiler/inlining/ \
   compiler/integerArithmetic/ \
   compiler/interpreter/ \
-  -compiler/classUnloading/methodUnloading/TestOverloadCompileQueues.java \
-  -compiler/codecache/stress \
-  -compiler/codegen/aes \
-  -compiler/gcbarriers/PreserveFPRegistersTest.java \
-  -compiler/igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java
-
-tier1_compiler_3 = \
   compiler/intrinsics/ \
   compiler/jsr292/ \
   compiler/locks/ \
   compiler/loopopts/ \
   compiler/macronodes/ \
   compiler/memoryinitialization/ \
+  -compiler/gcbarriers/PreserveFPRegistersTest.java \
+  -compiler/igvn/TestMaskedStoreIdealization.java \
+  -compiler/intrinsics/bmi \
+  -compiler/intrinsics/mathexact \
+  -compiler/intrinsics/sha \
+  -compiler/intrinsics/bigInteger/TestMultiplyToLen.java \
+  -compiler/intrinsics/zip/TestAdler32.java
+
+tier1_compiler_3 = \
   compiler/osr/ \
   compiler/predicates/ \
   compiler/profiling \
@@ -218,11 +223,6 @@ tier1_compiler_3 = \
   compiler/unsafe/ \
   compiler/valhalla/ \
   compiler/vectorization/ \
-  -compiler/intrinsics/bmi \
-  -compiler/intrinsics/mathexact \
-  -compiler/intrinsics/sha \
-  -compiler/intrinsics/bigInteger/TestMultiplyToLen.java \
-  -compiler/intrinsics/zip/TestAdler32.java \
   -compiler/loopopts/Test7052494.java \
   -compiler/memoryinitialization/ZeroTLABTest.java \
   -compiler/runtime/Test6826736.java \

From 8b81f8fbb8428ccd137240efc465f580ac7eb62b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Johan=20Sj=C3=B6len?= <jsjolen@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 12 Aug 2026 12:28:58 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 539/707] 8389538: StringUtils::string_match may underflow-read
 a buffer

Reviewed-by: dholmes, fparain
---
 src/hotspot/share/utilities/stringUtils.cpp       | 13 +++++++++++++
 test/hotspot/gtest/utilities/test_stringUtils.cpp | 14 ++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 27 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/stringUtils.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/stringUtils.cpp
index b876ee0b7c0..485dc5087b5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/stringUtils.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/stringUtils.cpp
@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@
 #include <string.h>
 
 int StringUtils::replace_no_expand(char* string, const char* from, const char* to) {
+  assert(strcmp(from, "") != 0, "mustn't be empty");
+
   int replace_count = 0;
   size_t from_len = strlen(from);
   size_t to_len = strlen(to);
@@ -109,6 +111,11 @@ class StringMatcher {
     // note that begp is now advanced over ch1
     assert(ch1 > 0, "regular char only");
     const char* matchp = match;
+    int remaining_len = (int)(match_end - matchp);
+    if (anchor_length > remaining_len) {
+      return nullptr;
+    }
+
     const char* limitp = match_end - anchor_length;
     while (matchp <= limitp) {
       int mch = _string_getc(matchp, match_end);
@@ -189,6 +196,12 @@ class StringMatcher {
           if (ch == string_match_eos ||
               ch == string_match_comma) {
             // Anchor word is at end of pattern, so treat it as a fixed pattern.
+            int remaining_len = (int)(string_end - matchp);
+            if (anchor_len > remaining_len) {
+              // The anchor word does not fit into the remainder of the string, so we can give up on this list item.
+              matchp = nullptr;
+              continue;
+            }
             const char* limitp = string_end - anchor_len;
             matchp = limitp;
             patp = begp;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/utilities/test_stringUtils.cpp b/test/hotspot/gtest/utilities/test_stringUtils.cpp
index ca1fad5ddda..ba7ff093167 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/gtest/utilities/test_stringUtils.cpp
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/utilities/test_stringUtils.cpp
@@ -71,3 +71,17 @@ TEST_VM(StringUtils, replace_no_expand) {
   deleted = StringUtils::replace_no_expand(s2, "\n", "");
   ASSERT_EQ(deleted, 0);
 }
+
+TEST(StringUtils, ClassListMatch) {
+  // Wild card matching doesn't look backwards
+  const char* str = "xabc";
+  const char* pat = "*abc";
+  bool match =  StringUtils::class_list_match(pat, &str[3]);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(match);
+
+  // Package name supports both / and .
+  str = "java/lang/String";
+  pat = "java.lang.String";
+  match =  StringUtils::class_list_match(pat, str);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(match);
+}

From 86d80bd392c9b1b801394d657a8c7fdf095761e1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Claes Redestad <redestad@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 12 Aug 2026 13:59:26 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 540/707] 8390113: JEP 401 integration breaks some pre-existing
 microbenchmarks

Reviewed-by: erikj, liach, jnorlinder
---
 make/common/JavaCompilation.gmk               |  4 +-
 make/test/BuildMicrobenchmark.gmk             | 94 +++++++++++++------
 .../openjdk/bench/java/lang/ScopedValues.java |  4 +-
 .../bench/jdk/preview/patterns/Exactness.java |  4 +-
 4 files changed, 68 insertions(+), 38 deletions(-)

diff --git a/make/common/JavaCompilation.gmk b/make/common/JavaCompilation.gmk
index 33f5d10535a..07b18082d5b 100644
--- a/make/common/JavaCompilation.gmk
+++ b/make/common/JavaCompilation.gmk
@@ -148,8 +148,8 @@ endef
 #   BIN store classes here
 #   MODULE Name of module being compiled. If set, classes are put in BIN/MODULE.
 #   CLASSPATH a list of additional entries to set as classpath to javac
-#   INCLUDES myapp.foo means will only compile java files in myapp.foo or any of its sub-packages.
-#   EXCLUDES myapp.foo means will do not compile java files in myapp.foo or any of its sub-packages.
+#   INCLUDES myapp/foo means will only compile java files in myapp.foo or any of its sub-packages.
+#   EXCLUDES myapp/foo means will do not compile java files in myapp.foo or any of its sub-packages.
 #   COPY .prp means copy all prp files to the corresponding package in BIN.
 #   COPY_FILES myapp/foo/setting.txt means copy this file over to the package myapp/foo
 #   CLEAN .properties means copy and clean all properties file to the corresponding package in BIN.
diff --git a/make/test/BuildMicrobenchmark.gmk b/make/test/BuildMicrobenchmark.gmk
index cdbdab6f68f..524372ed323 100644
--- a/make/test/BuildMicrobenchmark.gmk
+++ b/make/test/BuildMicrobenchmark.gmk
@@ -77,44 +77,74 @@ MICROBENCHMARK_MANIFEST := Build: $(FULL_VERSION)\n\
 # jmh uses annotation processors to generate the benchmark jar and thus
 # requires the use of -processor option during benchmark compilation.
 
+MICROBENCHMARK_PREVIEW_PACKAGES := \
+    org/openjdk/bench/valhalla \
+    org/openjdk/bench/java/lang/stable
+
+MICROBENCHMARK_JAVAC_FLAGS := \
+    --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.classfile.components=ALL-UNNAMED \
+    --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.classfile.impl=ALL-UNNAMED \
+    --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.event=ALL-UNNAMED \
+    --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.foreign=ALL-UNNAMED \
+    --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.jimage=ALL-UNNAMED \
+    --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED \
+    --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.util=ALL-UNNAMED \
+    --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED \
+    --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.vm=ALL-UNNAMED \
+    --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED \
+    --add-exports java.base/sun.invoke.util=ALL-UNNAMED \
+    --add-exports java.base/sun.security.util=ALL-UNNAMED \
+    --add-exports java.base/sun.security.util.math=ALL-UNNAMED \
+    --add-exports java.base/sun.security.util.math.intpoly=ALL-UNNAMED \
+    -XDsuppressNotes \
+    -processor org.openjdk.jmh.generators.BenchmarkProcessor \
+    -s $(MICROBENCHMARK_GENSRC)
+
+# For code built with --enable-preview we need to patch java.base
+# to include preview classes not found in interim javac
+MICROBENCHMARK_JAVAC_PREVIEW_FLAGS := \
+    $(MICROBENCHMARK_JAVAC_FLAGS) \
+    --enable-preview \
+    --patch-module java.base=$(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/preview/java.base
+
+MICROBENCHMARK_JAVA_FLAGS := \
+    --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.vm=ALL-UNNAMED \
+    --add-modules jdk.unsupported \
+    --limit-modules java.management
+
+MICROBENCHMARK_DISABLED_WARNINGS := restricted this-escape processing \
+    rawtypes removal cast serial preview unchecked deprecation \
+    dangling-doc-comments
+
 # Build microbenchmark suite for the current JDK
-# Need to patch java.base to include preview classes not found in interim javac
+$(eval $(call SetupJavaCompilation, BUILD_JDK_MICROBENCHMARK_PREVIEW, \
+    TARGET_RELEASE := $(TARGET_RELEASE_NEWJDK_UPGRADED), \
+    SMALL_JAVA := false, \
+    CLASSPATH := $(JMH_COMPILE_JARS), \
+    INCLUDES := $(MICROBENCHMARK_PREVIEW_PACKAGES), \
+    CREATE_API_DIGEST := true, \
+    DISABLED_WARNINGS := $(MICROBENCHMARK_DISABLED_WARNINGS), \
+    SRC := $(MICROBENCHMARK_SRC), \
+    BIN := $(MICROBENCHMARK_CLASSES), \
+    JAVAC_FLAGS := $(MICROBENCHMARK_JAVAC_PREVIEW_FLAGS), \
+    JAVA_FLAGS := $(MICROBENCHMARK_JAVA_FLAGS), \
+))
+
 $(eval $(call SetupJavaCompilation, BUILD_JDK_MICROBENCHMARK, \
     TARGET_RELEASE := $(TARGET_RELEASE_NEWJDK_UPGRADED), \
     SMALL_JAVA := false, \
     CLASSPATH := $(JMH_COMPILE_JARS), \
     CREATE_API_DIGEST := true, \
-    DISABLED_WARNINGS := restricted this-escape processing rawtypes removal cast \
-        serial preview unchecked deprecation dangling-doc-comments, \
+    EXCLUDES := $(MICROBENCHMARK_PREVIEW_PACKAGES), \
+    DISABLED_WARNINGS := $(MICROBENCHMARK_DISABLED_WARNINGS), \
     SRC := $(MICROBENCHMARK_SRC), \
     BIN := $(MICROBENCHMARK_CLASSES), \
-    JAVAC_FLAGS := \
-        --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.classfile.components=ALL-UNNAMED \
-        --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.classfile.impl=ALL-UNNAMED \
-        --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.event=ALL-UNNAMED \
-        --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.foreign=ALL-UNNAMED \
-        --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.jimage=ALL-UNNAMED \
-        --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED \
-        --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.util=ALL-UNNAMED \
-        --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED \
-        --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.vm=ALL-UNNAMED \
-        --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED \
-        --add-exports java.base/sun.invoke.util=ALL-UNNAMED \
-        --add-exports java.base/sun.security.util=ALL-UNNAMED \
-        --add-exports java.base/sun.security.util.math=ALL-UNNAMED \
-        --add-exports java.base/sun.security.util.math.intpoly=ALL-UNNAMED \
-        --enable-preview \
-        --patch-module java.base=$(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/preview/java.base \
-        -XDsuppressNotes \
-        -processor org.openjdk.jmh.generators.BenchmarkProcessor \
-        -s $(MICROBENCHMARK_GENSRC), \
-    JAVA_FLAGS := \
-        --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.vm=ALL-UNNAMED \
-        --add-modules jdk.unsupported \
-        --enable-preview \
-        --limit-modules java.management, \
+    JAVAC_FLAGS := $(MICROBENCHMARK_JAVAC_FLAGS), \
+    JAVA_FLAGS := $(MICROBENCHMARK_JAVA_FLAGS), \
 ))
 
+$(BUILD_JDK_MICROBENCHMARK_PREVIEW): $(JMH_COMPILE_JARS)
+
 $(BUILD_JDK_MICROBENCHMARK): $(JMH_COMPILE_JARS)
 
 # Unpacking dependencies for inclusion in the benchmark JARs
@@ -139,12 +169,16 @@ $(eval $(call SetupCopyFiles, COPY_JAXP_TEST_XML, \
 
 # Create benchmarks JAR file with benchmarks for both the old and new JDK
 $(eval $(call SetupJarArchive, BUILD_JDK_JAR, \
-    DEPENDENCIES := $(BUILD_JDK_MICROBENCHMARK) $(JMH_UNPACKED_JARS_DONE) $(COPY_JAXP_TEST_XML), \
+    DEPENDENCIES := $(BUILD_JDK_MICROBENCHMARK_PREVIEW) \
+        $(BUILD_JDK_MICROBENCHMARK) $(JMH_UNPACKED_JARS_DONE) \
+        $(COPY_JAXP_TEST_XML), \
     SRCS := $(MICROBENCHMARK_CLASSES) $(JMH_UNPACKED_DIR), \
     BIN := $(MICROBENCHMARK_JAR_BIN), \
     SUFFIXES := .*, \
     EXCLUDE_FILES := _the.BUILD_JDK_MICROBENCHMARK_batch \
-        _the.BUILD_JDK_MICROBENCHMARK.vardeps _unpacked.marker, \
+        _the.BUILD_JDK_MICROBENCHMARK.vardeps _unpacked.marker \
+        _the.BUILD_JDK_MICROBENCHMARK_PREVIEW_batch \
+        _the.BUILD_JDK_MICROBENCHMARK_PREVIEW.vardeps, \
     EXTRA_MANIFEST_ATTR := $(MICROBENCHMARK_MANIFEST), \
     JARMAIN := org.openjdk.jmh.Main, \
     JAR := $(MICROBENCHMARK_JAR), \
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/java/lang/ScopedValues.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/java/lang/ScopedValues.java
index 710cf87e72f..a566a04f8e5 100644
--- a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/java/lang/ScopedValues.java
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/java/lang/ScopedValues.java
@@ -43,10 +43,8 @@
 @Fork(value = 1,
       jvmArgs = {"-Djmh.executor.class=org.openjdk.bench.java.lang.ScopedValuesExecutorService",
                         "-Djmh.executor=CUSTOM",
-                        "-Djmh.blackhole.mode=COMPILER",
-                        "--enable-preview"})
+                        "-Djmh.blackhole.mode=COMPILER"})
 @State(Scope.Thread)
-@SuppressWarnings("preview")
 public class ScopedValues {
 
     private static final Integer THE_ANSWER = 42;
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/jdk/preview/patterns/Exactness.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/jdk/preview/patterns/Exactness.java
index 67697c3cd58..902c99e6c4f 100644
--- a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/jdk/preview/patterns/Exactness.java
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/jdk/preview/patterns/Exactness.java
@@ -35,10 +35,8 @@
 @Measurement(iterations=5, time=1)
 @Threads(2)
 @Fork(value = 1,
-      jvmArgs = {"-Djmh.blackhole.mode=COMPILER",
-                        "--enable-preview"})
+      jvmArgs = {"-Djmh.blackhole.mode=COMPILER"})
 @State(Scope.Thread)
-@SuppressWarnings("preview")
 public class Exactness {
 
     private static boolean int_float_based_on_leading_trailing(int n) {

From 910c71ce2f09f8895bd893a68c4813037197733a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matias Saavedra Silva <matsaave@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 12 Aug 2026 16:49:58 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 541/707] 8389233: AOTMode=record asserts while archiving an
 initialized application value class

Co-authored-by: Ioi Lam <iklam@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: lmesnik, iklam, fparain
---
 src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp          | 28 ++++---
 .../appcds/aotCache/AOTValueClassTest.java    | 77 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 95 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/AOTValueClassTest.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp
index bc1713f1f52..9f7f5a05ace 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp
@@ -823,6 +823,7 @@ void HeapShared::copy_and_rescan_aot_inited_mirror(InstanceKlass* ik) {
 
   oop orig_mirror;
   if (RegeneratedClasses::is_regenerated_object(ik)) {
+    assert(!ik->is_inline_klass(), "not supported");
     InstanceKlass* orig_ik = RegeneratedClasses::get_original_object(ik);
     precond(orig_ik->is_initialized());
     orig_mirror = orig_ik->java_mirror();
@@ -892,6 +893,16 @@ void HeapShared::copy_and_rescan_aot_inited_mirror(InstanceKlass* ik) {
     assert(success, "sanity");
   }
 
+  if (ik->is_inline_klass()) {
+    InlineKlass* ilk = InlineKlass::cast(ik);
+    if (ilk->supports_nullable_layouts()) {
+      oop null_reset_value = ilk->null_reset_value();
+      m->obj_field_put(ilk->null_reset_value_offset(), null_reset_value);
+      bool success = archive_reachable_objects_from(1, _dump_time_special_subgraph, null_reset_value);
+      assert(success, "sanity");
+    }
+  }
+
   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, aot, init)) {
     ResourceMark rm;
     log_debug(aot, init)("copied %3d field(s) in aot-initialized mirror %s%s%s", nfields, ik->external_name(),
@@ -922,14 +933,6 @@ void HeapShared::copy_java_mirror(oop orig_mirror, oop scratch_m) {
   if (k != nullptr && k->is_instance_klass()) {
     InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
 
-    if (ik->is_inline_klass() && ik->is_initialized()) {
-      // Only concrete value classes need the null_reset field
-      InlineKlass* ilk = InlineKlass::cast(k);
-      if (ilk->supports_nullable_layouts()) {
-        scratch_m->obj_field_put(ilk->null_reset_value_offset(), ilk->null_reset_value());
-      }
-    }
-
     if (ik->has_acmp_maps_offset()) {
       int maps_offset = ik->acmp_maps_offset();
       oop maps = orig_mirror->obj_field(maps_offset);
@@ -1144,8 +1147,13 @@ void KlassSubGraphInfo::add_subgraph_object_klass(Klass* orig_k) {
   } else if (orig_k->is_objArray_klass()) {
     Klass* abk = ObjArrayKlass::cast(orig_k)->bottom_klass();
     if (abk->is_instance_klass()) {
-      assert(InstanceKlass::cast(abk)->defined_by_boot_loader(),
-            "must be boot class");
+      if (!AOTClassInitializer::has_test_class()) {
+        // Without `-XX:AOTInitTestClass`, no Java code outside of the boot loader will
+        // be executed in the AOT assembly phase, so we can't have an initialized class
+        // outside of the boot loader.
+        assert(InstanceKlass::cast(abk)->defined_by_boot_loader(),
+               "must be boot class");
+      }
       check_allowed_klass(InstanceKlass::cast(ObjArrayKlass::cast(orig_k)->bottom_klass()));
     }
     if (orig_k == Universe::objectArrayKlass()) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/AOTValueClassTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/AOTValueClassTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..34db3a6a157
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/AOTValueClassTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test archived value classes
+ * @bug 8389233
+ * @requires vm.cds.write.archived.java.heap
+ * @requires vm.cds.supports.aot.class.linking
+ * @requires vm.debug
+ * @library /test/jdk/lib/testlibrary /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @build AOTValueClassTest
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar archived_value_class.jar AOTValueClassApp
+ * @run driver AOTValueClassTest
+ * @run driver AOTValueClassTest INIT_TEST_CLASS
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.cds.SimpleCDSAppTester;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+
+public class AOTValueClassTest {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        final String mainClass = "AOTValueClassApp";
+        final String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("archived_value_class.jar");
+        boolean initTestClass = false;
+
+        if (args.length > 0) {
+            if (args[0].equals("INIT_TEST_CLASS")) {
+                initTestClass = true;
+            } else {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected argument");
+            }
+        }
+
+        SimpleCDSAppTester tester = SimpleCDSAppTester.of("AOTValueClassTest");
+        if (initTestClass) {
+            tester.addVmArgs("-XX:AOTInitTestClass=" + mainClass);
+        }
+        tester.addVmArgs("-Xlog:cds,aot,aot+class=debug", "--enable-preview")
+              .appCommandLine(mainClass)
+              .classpath(appJar)
+              .setAssemblyChecker((OutputAnalyzer out) -> {
+                  out.shouldContain("AOTValueClassApp aot-linked");
+              });
+        tester.runAOTWorkflow();
+    }
+}
+
+value class AOTValueClassApp {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        System.out.println("Hello value class");
+    }
+}

From ebce9ef9e78785dc5b189c32898d5e06fccf2a5b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matias Saavedra Silva <matsaave@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 12 Aug 2026 21:05:43 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 542/707] 8373348: Cache AdapterHandleEntry::_sig_cc field in
 AOTCache

Reviewed-by: asmehra, iklam
---
 src/hotspot/share/cds/cppVtables.cpp          |  2 ++
 .../share/memory/metaspaceClosureType.hpp     |  1 +
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp   | 21 ++-----------------
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp   | 12 +++++------
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/signature.cpp       |  4 ++++
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/signature.hpp       | 17 +++++++++++----
 6 files changed, 28 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cppVtables.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cppVtables.cpp
index 64f50327798..7905b4d938b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cppVtables.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cppVtables.cpp
@@ -66,9 +66,11 @@
 // the virtual printing functions in AnyObj).
 
 using GrowableArray_ModuleEntry_ptr = GrowableArray<ModuleEntry*>;
+using GrowableArray_SigEntry = GrowableArray<SigEntry>;
 
 #define DEBUG_CPP_VTABLE_TYPES_DO(f) \
   f(GrowableArray_ModuleEntry_ptr) \
+  f(GrowableArray_SigEntry) \
 
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/memory/metaspaceClosureType.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/memory/metaspaceClosureType.hpp
index 2dbba34ab67..72195e590ae 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/memory/metaspaceClosureType.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/memory/metaspaceClosureType.hpp
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
   f(GrowableArray) \
   f(ModuleEntry) \
   f(PackageEntry) \
+  f(SigEntry) \
 
 #define METASPACE_CLOSURE_TYPE_DECLARE(name) name ## Type,
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
index e9f4a9ed65c..ac487b9f1d1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
@@ -3404,8 +3404,6 @@ void AdapterHandlerEntry::remove_unshareable_info() {
 #endif // ASSERT
    _adapter_blob = nullptr;
    _linked = false;
-   _sig_cc = nullptr;
-   _sig_cc_ro = nullptr;
 }
 
 class CopyAdapterTableToArchive : StackObj {
@@ -3485,23 +3483,6 @@ void AdapterHandlerEntry::link() {
       log_warning(aot)("Failed to link AdapterHandlerEntry (fp=%s) to its code in the AOT code cache", _fingerprint->as_basic_args_string());
       generate_code = true;
     }
-
-    if (get_sig_cc() == nullptr) {
-      // Calling conventions have to be regenerated at runtime and are accessed through method adapters,
-      // which are archived in the AOT code cache. If the adapters are not regenerated, the
-      // calling conventions should be regenerated here.
-      CompiledEntrySignature ces;
-      ces.initialize_from_fingerprint(_fingerprint);
-      if (ces.has_scalarized_args()) {
-        // Save a C heap allocated version of the scalarized signature and store it in the adapter
-        GrowableArray<SigEntry>* heap_sig = new (mtCode) GrowableArray<SigEntry>(ces.sig_cc()->length(), mtCode);
-        heap_sig->appendAll(ces.sig_cc());
-        set_sig_cc(heap_sig);
-        heap_sig = new (mtCode) GrowableArray<SigEntry>(ces.sig_cc_ro()->length(), mtCode);
-        heap_sig->appendAll(ces.sig_cc_ro());
-        set_sig_cc_ro(heap_sig);
-      }
-    }
   } else {
     generate_code = true;
   }
@@ -3593,6 +3574,8 @@ void AdapterHandlerEntry::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
     lsh.cr();
   }
   it->push(&_fingerprint);
+  it->push(&_sig_cc);
+  it->push(&_sig_cc_ro);
 }
 
 AdapterHandlerEntry::~AdapterHandlerEntry() {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp
index 86784aef8f2..5accc54a629 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp
@@ -741,8 +741,8 @@ class AdapterHandlerEntry : public MetaspaceObj {
   static const char *_entry_names[];
 
   // Support for scalarized inline type calling convention
-  const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* _sig_cc;
-  const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* _sig_cc_ro;
+  GrowableArray<SigEntry>* _sig_cc;
+  GrowableArray<SigEntry>* _sig_cc_ro;
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
   // Captures code and signature used to generate this adapter when
@@ -857,16 +857,16 @@ class AdapterHandlerEntry : public MetaspaceObj {
   bool is_linked() const { return _linked; }
 
   // Support for scalarized inline type calling convention
-  void set_sig_cc(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig) {
+  void set_sig_cc(GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig) {
     assert(_sig_cc == nullptr, "Already initialized");
     _sig_cc = sig;
   }
-  const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* get_sig_cc() const { return _sig_cc; }
-  void set_sig_cc_ro(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig) {
+  GrowableArray<SigEntry>* get_sig_cc() const { return _sig_cc; }
+  void set_sig_cc_ro(GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig) {
     assert(_sig_cc_ro == nullptr, "Already initialized");
     _sig_cc_ro = sig;
   }
-  const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* get_sig_cc_ro() const { return _sig_cc_ro; }
+  GrowableArray<SigEntry>* get_sig_cc_ro() const { return _sig_cc_ro; }
 
   uint id() const { return _id; }
   AdapterFingerPrint* fingerprint() const { return _fingerprint; }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/signature.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/signature.cpp
index 4be98d94f5c..bdf6b678cdd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/signature.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/signature.cpp
@@ -736,6 +736,10 @@ TempNewSymbol SigEntry::create_symbol(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig) {
   return SymbolTable::new_symbol(sig_str);
 }
 
+void SigEntry::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
+  it->push(&_name);
+}
+
 void SigEntry::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
   st->print("SigEntry: type=%d offset=%d null_marker=%d ", _bt, _offset, _null_marker);
   if (_name != nullptr) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/signature.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/signature.hpp
index 20154c9e1f9..c082d00ca35 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/signature.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/signature.hpp
@@ -28,8 +28,11 @@
 
 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
+#include "memory/metaspaceClosureType.hpp"
 #include "oops/method.hpp"
 
+class MetaspaceClosure;
+
 // Static routines and parsing loops for processing field and method
 // descriptors.  In the HotSpot sources we call them "signatures".
 //
@@ -578,16 +581,17 @@ typedef GrowableArrayFilterIterator<SigEntry, SigEntryFilter> ExtendedSignature;
 class SigEntry {
  public:
   BasicType _bt;      // Basic type of the argument
-  int _offset;        // Offset of the field in its value class holder for scalarized arguments (-1 otherwise). Used for packing and unpacking.
-  Symbol* _name;      // Symbol for printing
   bool _null_marker;  // Is it a null marker? For printing
   bool _vt_oop;       // Is it a possibly null buffer
+  bool _padding;      // Dummy field initialized to zero for padding
+  int _offset;        // Offset of the field in its value class holder for scalarized arguments (-1 otherwise). Used for packing and unpacking.
+  Symbol* _name;      // Symbol for printing
 
   SigEntry()
-    : _bt(T_ILLEGAL), _offset(-1), _name(nullptr), _null_marker(false), _vt_oop(false) {}
+    : _bt(T_ILLEGAL), _null_marker(false), _vt_oop(false), _padding(0), _offset(-1), _name(nullptr)  {}
 
   SigEntry(BasicType bt, int offset, Symbol* name, bool null_marker, bool vt_oop)
-    : _bt(bt), _offset(offset), _name(name), _null_marker(null_marker), _vt_oop(vt_oop) {}
+    : _bt(bt), _null_marker(null_marker), _vt_oop(vt_oop), _padding(0), _offset(offset), _name(name) {}
 
   static void add_entry(GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, BasicType bt, Symbol* name = nullptr, int offset = -1, bool null_marker = false, bool vt_oop = false);
   static void add_null_marker(GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, Symbol* name, int offset);
@@ -595,6 +599,11 @@ class SigEntry {
   static int fill_sig_bt(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig, BasicType* sig_bt);
   static TempNewSymbol create_symbol(const GrowableArray<SigEntry>* sig);
 
+  void metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it);
+  int size_in_heapwords() const { return (int)heap_word_size(sizeof(SigEntry)); }
+  MetaspaceClosureType type() const { return MetaspaceClosureType::SigEntryType; }
+  static bool is_read_only_by_default() { return true; }
+
   void print_on(outputStream* st) const;
 };
 

From b545bc4e05edd9606c14c25618af8bd01f0fc836 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David Holmes <dholmes@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 12 Aug 2026 22:13:35 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 543/707] 8390259: ProblemList
 runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/NPEInPreviewTest.java

Reviewed-by: mikael
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
index 52833928de9..ccc9a9dac56 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
@@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ runtime/os/TestTracePageSizes.java#Serial 8267460 linux-aarch64
 runtime/ErrorHandling/MachCodeFramesInErrorFile.java 8313315 linux-ppc64le
 runtime/NMT/VirtualAllocCommitMerge.java 8309698 linux-s390x
 runtime/Thread/TestAlwaysPreTouchStacks.java 8383372 macosx-aarch64
+runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/NPEInPreviewTest.java 8390257 generic-all
 
 applications/jcstress/copy.java 8229852 linux-all
 

From 70ca4da98e312ca25f61159a0f16b56e230a5628 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alexey Semenyuk <asemenyuk@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 2026 00:58:25 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 544/707] 8386893: add "#include <new>" to get defintion of
 "std::nothrow_t"

Reviewed-by: almatvee
---
 src/jdk.jpackage/share/native/common/tstrings.h | 3 ++-
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.jpackage/share/native/common/tstrings.h b/src/jdk.jpackage/share/native/common/tstrings.h
index 0a2ade012da..c2c569ed646 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jpackage/share/native/common/tstrings.h
+++ b/src/jdk.jpackage/share/native/common/tstrings.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <iostream>
+#include <new>
 #include <vector>
 
 #ifdef _MSC_VER

From e102078b9f6e8f92c3ec8be2254c17ed084f3efa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jaikiran Pai <jpai@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 2026 01:22:15 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 545/707] 8371903: HttpClient: improve handling of HTTP/2
 GOAWAY frames with error code

Co-authored-by: EunHyunsu <ehs208@naver.com>
Reviewed-by: dfuchs, vyazici
---
 .../internal/net/http/Http2Connection.java    |  33 ++++-
 .../net/http/Http2TerminationCause.java       | 125 +++++++++++++++---
 .../net/httpclient/http2/H2GoAwayTest.java    | 118 ++++++++++++++---
 3 files changed, 240 insertions(+), 36 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/Http2Connection.java b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/Http2Connection.java
index 00b7939104f..c113672f8d8 100644
--- a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/Http2Connection.java
+++ b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/Http2Connection.java
@@ -1382,6 +1382,12 @@ private void handleGoAway(final GoAwayFrame frame) {
 
         goAwayRecvd.set(true);
         setFinalStream(); // don't allow any new streams on this connection
+
+        // let the connection terminator too know that a GOAWAY was received on the
+        // connection and any future errorneous termination of the connection may
+        // be attributed to the error code contained in the GOAWAY.
+        connTerminator.goAwayReceived(frame.getErrorCode(), frame.getDebugData());
+
         if (debug.on()) {
             debug.log("processing incoming GOAWAY with last processed stream id:%s in frame %s",
                     lastProcessedStream, frame);
@@ -2036,6 +2042,10 @@ final Http2TerminationCause getTerminationCause() {
 
     // Responsible for doing all the necessary work for closing a Http2Connection
     private final class Terminator {
+
+        private record IncomingGoAway(int errorCode, byte[] debugData) {
+        }
+
         // the cause for closing the connection. Must only be set in the
         // Terminator.terminate(Http2TerminationCause) method.
         private final AtomicReference<Http2TerminationCause> terminationCause = new AtomicReference<>();
@@ -2043,12 +2053,33 @@ private final class Terminator {
         // false otherwise. should be accessed only when holding the stateLock
         private boolean chosenForIdleTermination;
 
+        // the server is allowed to send more than one GOAWAY frames. for connection
+        // termination cause/diagnostics, we currently only the use last one received, and
+        // that should be OK.
+        private volatile IncomingGoAway incomingGoAway;
+
+        private void goAwayReceived(final int errorCode, final byte[] debugData) {
+            // we currently don't make use of or store the debug data from the incoming
+            // GOAWAY frame
+            this.incomingGoAway = new IncomingGoAway(errorCode, null);
+        }
+
         private void terminate(final Http2TerminationCause terminationCause) {
             Objects.requireNonNull(terminationCause, "termination cause cannot be null");
             // allow to be terminated only once
             stateLock.lock();
             try {
-                final boolean success = this.terminationCause.compareAndSet(null, terminationCause);
+                final IncomingGoAway rcvdGoAway = this.incomingGoAway;
+                // if the connection has previously received a GOAWAY then use the error
+                // code from that frame to determine whether the current termination
+                // cause can be attribtued to the error reported by the GOAWAY frame.
+                // if it can be, then use that inferred termination cause as the effective one
+                // to terminate the connection.
+                final Http2TerminationCause effectiveTC = rcvdGoAway == null
+                        ? terminationCause
+                        : Http2TerminationCause.inferFromGoAway(terminationCause,
+                        rcvdGoAway.errorCode);
+                final boolean success = this.terminationCause.compareAndSet(null, effectiveTC);
                 if (!success) {
                     // already terminated or is being terminated by some other thread
                     return;
diff --git a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/Http2TerminationCause.java b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/Http2TerminationCause.java
index 89b08cf8888..3512ee8f434 100644
--- a/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/Http2TerminationCause.java
+++ b/src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/Http2TerminationCause.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,9 +25,16 @@
 package jdk.internal.net.http;
 
 
+import java.io.EOFException;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.net.ProtocolException;
+import java.net.SocketException;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.IdentityHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
 
 import jdk.internal.net.http.common.Utils;
 import jdk.internal.net.http.frame.ErrorFrame;
@@ -39,21 +46,18 @@ public abstract sealed class Http2TerminationCause {
     private String logMsg;
     private String peerVisibleReason;
     private final int closeCode;
-    private final Throwable originalCause;
     private final IOException reportedCause;
 
     private Http2TerminationCause(final int closeCode, final Throwable closeCause) {
         this.closeCode = closeCode;
-        this.originalCause = closeCause;
         if (closeCause != null) {
             this.logMsg = closeCause.toString();
         }
-        this.reportedCause = toReportedCause(this.originalCause, this.logMsg);
+        this.reportedCause = toReportedCause(closeCause, this.logMsg);
     }
 
     private Http2TerminationCause(final int closeCode, final String loggedAs) {
         this.closeCode = closeCode;
-        this.originalCause = null;
         this.logMsg = loggedAs;
         this.reportedCause = toReportedCause(null, this.logMsg);
     }
@@ -128,6 +132,37 @@ public static Http2TerminationCause forException(final Throwable cause) {
         return new InternalError(cause);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Returns a connection termination cause that represents a termination due to
+     * the given {@code errorCode}.
+     * <p>
+     * If the {@code errorCode} is {@link ErrorFrame#NO_ERROR},
+     * then this method returns {@link #noErrorTermination()}. The given {@code loggedAs} message
+     * is ignored for such termination.
+     * <p>
+     * For other error codes, an instance representing an {@linkplain #isAbnormalClose() abnormal}
+     * termination is returned.
+     * <p>
+     * Although this method does no checks for the {@code errorCode}, it is expected to be one
+     * of the error codes specified by the HTTP/2 RFC for the ErrorFrame.
+     *
+     * @param errorCode the error code
+     * @param loggedAs  optional log message to be associated with this termination cause
+     */
+    public static Http2TerminationCause forH2Error(final int errorCode, final String loggedAs) {
+        if (errorCode == ErrorFrame.NO_ERROR) {
+            return noErrorTermination();
+        }
+        if (errorCode == ErrorFrame.PROTOCOL_ERROR) {
+            return new ProtocolError(loggedAs);
+        }
+        if (errorCode == ErrorFrame.FLOW_CONTROL_ERROR) {
+            // we treat flow control error as a protocol error currently
+            return new ProtocolError(loggedAs, true);
+        }
+        return new H2StandardError(errorCode, loggedAs);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Returns a connection termination cause that represents a
      * {@linkplain #isAbnormalClose() normal} termination.
@@ -146,22 +181,76 @@ public static Http2TerminationCause idleTimedOut() {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns a connection termination cause that represents an
-     * {@linkplain #isAbnormalClose() abnormal} termination due to the given {@code errorCode}.
-     * Although this method does no checks for the {@code errorCode}, it is expected to be one
-     * of the error codes specified by the HTTP/2 RFC for the ErrorFrame.
+     * If the connection is being terminated due to the given {@code original} termination cause,
+     * and if that connection had previously received a GOAWAY frame with the given
+     * {@code errCodeFromGoAway}, then this method decides whether to use the {@code original}
+     * termination cause or a new one inferred from the GOAWAY frame, to terminate the connection.
+     * The returned {@linkplain  Http2TerminationCause termination cause} should be used for
+     * terminating the connection.
+     * <p>
+     * Only certain termination causes are eligible for being replaced with an inferred
+     * termination cause. This method returns the {@code original} termination cause if
+     * {@code original} isn't eligible to be replaced with an inferred one.
+     * <p>
+     * If {@code errCodeFromGoAway} is {@link ErrorFrame#NO_ERROR} then this method returns back
+     * the {@code original} termination cause.
      *
-     * @param errorCode the error code
-     * @param loggedAs  optional log message to be associated with this termination cause
+     * @param original          the termination cause which may be replaced with an inferred one
+     * @param errCodeFromGoAway the error code received in a GOAWAY frame
+     * @return the termination cause that should be used to terminate the connection
      */
-    public static Http2TerminationCause forH2Error(final int errorCode, final String loggedAs) {
-        if (errorCode == ErrorFrame.PROTOCOL_ERROR) {
-            return new ProtocolError(loggedAs);
-        } else if (errorCode == ErrorFrame.FLOW_CONTROL_ERROR) {
-            // we treat flow control error as a protocol error currently
-            return new ProtocolError(loggedAs, true);
+    static Http2TerminationCause inferFromGoAway(final Http2TerminationCause original,
+                                                 final int errCodeFromGoAway) {
+        // we replace the original termination cause with the one from the GOAWAY
+        // frame only if the error code in the GOAWAY frame represents an errorneous
+        // termination
+        if (errCodeFromGoAway == ErrorFrame.NO_ERROR) {
+            return original;
         }
-        return new H2StandardError(errorCode, loggedAs);
+        // for now, we consider just these types as eligible to indiciate a connection
+        // termination that may be attributed to a GOAWAY that was previously received
+        // on the connection
+        final Throwable eligibleException = findInCause(original.getCloseCause(),
+                List.of(SocketException.class, EOFException.class));
+        if (eligibleException == null) {
+            // if the original termination cause's exception chain doesn't contain an
+            // exception of some specific types, then we don't replace the original
+            // termination cause
+            return original;
+        }
+        // construct and return a new inferred termination cause using the error code
+        // in the GOAWAY frame
+        final IOException inferred = new IOException("received GOAWAY from peer, error: "
+                + ErrorFrame.stringForCode(errCodeFromGoAway));
+        // add the original as a suppressed exception
+        inferred.addSuppressed(eligibleException);
+        // due to the replacement of the termination cause, we do lose the error code
+        // from the original termination cause, but that's OK
+        return new H2StandardError(errCodeFromGoAway, inferred);
+    }
+
+    // From the given exception's chain of causes, this method finds and returns an exception
+    // whose class type matches any of the given candidate types. Returns null if none found.
+    private static Throwable findInCause(final Throwable exception,
+                                         final Collection<Class<? extends Throwable>> candidateTypes) {
+
+        if (candidateTypes.isEmpty()) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        final Set<Throwable> seen = Collections.newSetFromMap(new IdentityHashMap<>());
+        for (Throwable t = exception; t != null; t = t.getCause()) {
+            if (!seen.add(t)) {
+                // cycle detected; no eligible exception found in the cause so far
+                return null;
+            }
+            for (final Class<? extends Throwable> exType : candidateTypes) {
+                if (exType.isInstance(t)) {
+                    // found the exception whose type matches some expected type
+                    return t;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
     }
 
     private static IOException toReportedCause(final Throwable original,
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/http2/H2GoAwayTest.java b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/http2/H2GoAwayTest.java
index f656d72f244..4798dd6e9b9 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/http2/H2GoAwayTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/http2/H2GoAwayTest.java
@@ -44,6 +44,9 @@
 import jdk.httpclient.test.lib.common.HttpServerAdapters.HttpTestExchange;
 import jdk.httpclient.test.lib.common.HttpServerAdapters.HttpTestHandler;
 import jdk.httpclient.test.lib.common.HttpServerAdapters.HttpTestServer;
+import jdk.httpclient.test.lib.http2.Http2TestExchangeImpl;
+import jdk.httpclient.test.lib.http2.Http2TestServerConnection;
+import jdk.internal.net.http.frame.ErrorFrame;
 import jdk.test.lib.net.SimpleSSLContext;
 import jdk.test.lib.net.URIBuilder;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll;
@@ -52,36 +55,35 @@
 import static java.net.http.HttpClient.Version.HTTP_2;
 import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
-import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.fail;
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 8335181
+ * @bug 8335181 8371903
  * @summary verify that the HttpClient correctly handles incoming GOAWAY frames and
  *          retries any unprocessed requests on a new connection
  * @library /test/lib /test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/lib
  * @build jdk.httpclient.test.lib.common.HttpServerAdapters
  *        jdk.test.lib.net.SimpleSSLContext
+ *        jdk.httpclient.test.lib.http2.Http2TestExchangeImpl
+ *        jdk.httpclient.test.lib.http2.Http2TestServerConnection
  * @run junit ${test.main.class}
  */
 public class H2GoAwayTest {
-    private static final String REQ_PATH = "/test";
+    private static final String CONN_CLOSING_HANDLER_REQ_PATH = "/closeConn";
+    private static final String TEST_REQ_PATH = "/test";
     private static HttpTestServer server;
-    private static String REQ_URI_BASE;
     private static final SSLContext sslCtx = SimpleSSLContext.findSSLContext();
 
     @BeforeAll
     static void beforeAll() throws Exception {
         server = HttpTestServer.create(HTTP_2, sslCtx);
-        server.addHandler(new Handler(), REQ_PATH);
+        server.addHandler(new Handler(), TEST_REQ_PATH);
+        server.addHandler(new ProcessingCapacityExceededHandler(), CONN_CLOSING_HANDLER_REQ_PATH);
         server.start();
         System.out.println("Server started at " + server.getAddress());
-        REQ_URI_BASE = URIBuilder.newBuilder().scheme("https")
-                .loopback()
-                .port(server.getAddress().getPort())
-                .path(REQ_PATH)
-                .build().toString();
     }
 
     @AfterAll
@@ -92,6 +94,52 @@ static void afterAll() {
         }
     }
 
+
+    /**
+     * Issues a HTTP/2 request against a server which is expected to send a GOAWAY and close the
+     * connection, without responding to the request. The test then verifies that the request fails
+     * with an IOException and the exception message contains the error code that was contained
+     * in the GOAWAY frame.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testGoAwayErrorCode() throws Exception {
+        final URI reqURI = URIBuilder.newBuilder().scheme("https")
+                .loopback()
+                .port(server.getAddress().getPort())
+                .path(CONN_CLOSING_HANDLER_REQ_PATH)
+                .build();
+        final HttpRequest req = HttpRequest.newBuilder().uri(reqURI).version(HTTP_2).build();
+        boolean receivedExpectedFailure = false;
+        try (final HttpClient client = HttpClient.newBuilder().version(HTTP_2)
+                .sslContext(sslCtx).build()) {
+            final String expectedExMsg =
+                    ErrorFrame.stringForCode(ProcessingCapacityExceededHandler.GOAWAY_ERROR_CODE);
+            final int numReqs = 10;
+            // it can't be guaranteed that the HttpClient will have finished processing the
+            // incoming GOAWAY before the connection gets closed and request fails. so we issue
+            // the request a reasonable number of times and expect that at least one of the
+            // failing request manages to have its failure exception attributed to the error
+            // code from the incoming GOAWAY frame.
+            for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
+                System.err.println("iteration - " + i + " issuing request " + req);
+                final IOException ioe = assertThrows(IOException.class,
+                        () -> client.send(req, BodyHandlers.discarding()));
+                final String actual = ioe.getMessage();
+                if (actual != null && actual.contains(expectedExMsg)) {
+                    receivedExpectedFailure = true;
+                    System.err.println("iteration - " + i + " got the expected exception: " + ioe);
+                    break; // no need to issue any more requests
+                }
+                // print the (unexpected) exception for debugging
+                System.err.println("iteration " + i + " - ignoring the following IOException" +
+                        " that had an unexpected exception message");
+                ioe.printStackTrace();
+            }
+            assertTrue(receivedExpectedFailure, "did not receive the expected exception message: \""
+                    + expectedExMsg + "\" in any of the " + numReqs + " request failures");
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * Verifies that when several requests are sent using send() and the server
      * connection is configured to send a GOAWAY after processing only a few requests, then
@@ -99,6 +147,11 @@ static void afterAll() {
      */
     @Test
     public void testSequential() throws Exception {
+        final String reqURIBase = URIBuilder.newBuilder().scheme("https")
+                .loopback()
+                .port(server.getAddress().getPort())
+                .path(TEST_REQ_PATH)
+                .build().toString();
         final LimitedPerConnRequestApprover reqApprover = new LimitedPerConnRequestApprover();
         server.setRequestApprover(reqApprover::allowNewRequest);
         try (final HttpClient client = HttpClient.newBuilder().version(HTTP_2)
@@ -108,7 +161,7 @@ public void testSequential() throws Exception {
                 final int numReqs = LimitedPerConnRequestApprover.MAX_REQS_PER_CONN + 3;
                 final Set<String> connectionKeys = new LinkedHashSet<>();
                 for (int i = 1; i <= numReqs; i++) {
-                    final URI reqURI = new URI(REQ_URI_BASE + "?seq&" + reqMethod + "=" + i);
+                    final URI reqURI = new URI(reqURIBase + "?seq&" + reqMethod + "=" + i);
                     final HttpRequest req = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
                             .uri(reqURI)
                             .method(reqMethod, HttpRequest.BodyPublishers.noBody())
@@ -142,6 +195,11 @@ public void testSequential() throws Exception {
      */
     @Test
     public void testUnprocessedRaisesException() throws Exception {
+        final String reqURIBase = URIBuilder.newBuilder().scheme("https")
+                .loopback()
+                .port(server.getAddress().getPort())
+                .path(TEST_REQ_PATH)
+                .build().toString();
         try (final HttpClient client = HttpClient.newBuilder().version(HTTP_2)
                 .sslContext(sslCtx).build()) {
             final Random random = new Random();
@@ -157,7 +215,7 @@ public void testUnprocessedRaisesException() throws Exception {
                     int numFailed = 0;
                     for (int i = 1; i <= numReqs; i++) {
                         final String reqQueryPart = "?sync&" + reqMethod + "=" + i;
-                        final URI reqURI = new URI(REQ_URI_BASE + reqQueryPart);
+                        final URI reqURI = new URI(reqURIBase + reqQueryPart);
                         final HttpRequest req = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
                                 .uri(reqURI)
                                 .method(reqMethod, HttpRequest.BodyPublishers.noBody())
@@ -208,6 +266,11 @@ public void testUnprocessedRaisesException() throws Exception {
      */
     @Test
     public void testUnprocessedRaisesExceptionAsync() throws Throwable {
+        final String reqURIBase = URIBuilder.newBuilder().scheme("https")
+                .loopback()
+                .port(server.getAddress().getPort())
+                .path(TEST_REQ_PATH)
+                .build().toString();
         try (final HttpClient client = HttpClient.newBuilder().version(HTTP_2)
                 .sslContext(sslCtx).build()) {
             final Random random = new Random();
@@ -221,7 +284,7 @@ public void testUnprocessedRaisesExceptionAsync() throws Throwable {
                 try {
                     final List<Future<HttpResponse<String>>> futures = new ArrayList<>();
                     for (int i = 1; i <= numReqs; i++) {
-                        final URI reqURI = new URI(REQ_URI_BASE + "?async&" + reqMethod + "=" + i);
+                        final URI reqURI = new URI(reqURIBase + "?async&" + reqMethod + "=" + i);
                         final HttpRequest req = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
                                 .uri(reqURI)
                                 .method(reqMethod, HttpRequest.BodyPublishers.noBody())
@@ -237,7 +300,7 @@ public void testUnprocessedRaisesExceptionAsync() throws Throwable {
                         final String reqQueryPart = "?async&" + reqMethod + "=" + i;
                         try {
                             System.out.println("waiting response of request "
-                                    + REQ_URI_BASE + reqQueryPart);
+                                    + reqURIBase + reqQueryPart);
                             final HttpResponse<String> resp = futures.get(i - 1).get();
                             numSuccess++;
                             final String respBody = resp.body();
@@ -249,20 +312,20 @@ public void testUnprocessedRaisesExceptionAsync() throws Throwable {
                             final Throwable cause = ee.getCause();
                             if (!(cause instanceof IOException ioe)) {
                                 System.err.println("unexpected exception: " + cause
-                                        + ", for request " + REQ_URI_BASE + reqQueryPart);
+                                        + ", for request " + reqURIBase + reqQueryPart);
                                 throw cause;
                             }
                             // verify it failed for the right reason
                             if (ioe.getMessage() == null
                                     || !ioe.getMessage().contains("request not processed by peer")) {
                                 System.err.println("unexpected exception message: " + ioe.getMessage()
-                                        + ", for request " + REQ_URI_BASE + reqQueryPart);
+                                        + ", for request " + reqURIBase + reqQueryPart);
                                 // propagate the original failure
                                 throw ioe;
                             }
                             numFailed++; // failed due to the right reason
                             System.out.println("received expected failure: " + ioe
-                                    + ", for request " + REQ_URI_BASE + reqQueryPart);
+                                    + ", for request " + reqURIBase + reqQueryPart);
                         }
                     }
                     // verify the correct number of requests succeeded/failed
@@ -335,4 +398,25 @@ public void handle(final HttpTestExchange exchange) throws IOException {
             }
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * A handler which always responds with a GOAWAY frame and closes the connection, without
+     * sending any HTTP response for the request.
+     */
+    private static final class ProcessingCapacityExceededHandler implements HttpTestHandler {
+
+        private static final int GOAWAY_ERROR_CODE = ErrorFrame.ENHANCE_YOUR_CALM;
+
+        @Override
+        public void handle(final HttpTestExchange exchg) throws IOException {
+            System.err.println("handling request " + exchg.getRequestURI());
+            final Http2TestExchangeImpl exchgImpl =
+                    exchg.getUnderlyingExchange(Http2TestExchangeImpl.class);
+            final Http2TestServerConnection conn = exchgImpl.getConnection();
+            System.err.println("handler closing connection " + conn
+                    + " with error: " + ErrorFrame.stringForCode(GOAWAY_ERROR_CODE));
+            // close will send a GOAWAY with the given error code
+            conn.close(GOAWAY_ERROR_CODE);
+        }
+    }
 }

From b86a56e1185ed3949e56a7d4a412a78243c79b77 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David Holmes <dholmes@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 2026 03:44:49 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 546/707] 8390261: ProblemList
 valhalla/valuetypes/NullRestrictedTest.java

Reviewed-by: iris, mikael
---
 test/jdk/ProblemList.txt | 6 ++++++
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+)

diff --git a/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt b/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
index ee0795cd3a6..ecf829ad484 100644
--- a/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
@@ -571,6 +571,12 @@ javax/swing/plaf/synth/7158712/bug7158712.java 8324782 macosx-all
 
 ############################################################################
 
+# jdk_valhalla
+
+valhalla/valuetypes/NullRestrictedTest.java                     8390260 generic-all
+
+############################################################################
+
 # core_tools
 
 ############################################################################

From d426d66b5e27f54f676f04e3263eb72be67b1f5f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Prasanta Sadhukhan <psadhukhan@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 2026 06:33:10 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 547/707] 8390042: Test
 "javax/swing/JToolBar/RightLeftOrientation.java" fails on macOS because two
 tool bar are not mirror images of each other for "Mac OS X" look and feel

Reviewed-by: kizune
---
 .../macosx/classes/com/apple/laf/AquaToolBarUI.java      | 9 ++++++---
 test/jdk/javax/swing/JToolBar/RightLeftOrientation.java  | 4 ++--
 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/com/apple/laf/AquaToolBarUI.java b/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/com/apple/laf/AquaToolBarUI.java
index 0d15dd81f30..588172dffb1 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/com/apple/laf/AquaToolBarUI.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/com/apple/laf/AquaToolBarUI.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -120,8 +120,11 @@ public Insets getBorderInsets(final java.awt.Component c, final Insets borderIns
 
             if (((JToolBar)c).isFloatable()) {
                 if (((JToolBar)c).getOrientation() == HORIZONTAL) {
-                    borderInsets.left = 12;
-                    // We don't have to adjust for right-to-left
+                    if (((JToolBar)c).getComponentOrientation().isLeftToRight()) {
+                        borderInsets.left = 12;
+                    } else {
+                        borderInsets.right = 12;
+                    }
                 } else { // vertical
                     borderInsets.top = 12;
                 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/javax/swing/JToolBar/RightLeftOrientation.java b/test/jdk/javax/swing/JToolBar/RightLeftOrientation.java
index 8822a86f79a..b31114d1fe0 100644
--- a/test/jdk/javax/swing/JToolBar/RightLeftOrientation.java
+++ b/test/jdk/javax/swing/JToolBar/RightLeftOrientation.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
  */
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 4214514
+ * @bug 4214514 8390042
  * @summary
  *     This test checks if tool bars lay out correctly when their
  *     ComponentOrientation property is set to RIGHT_TO_LEFT. This test is

From 48c84947b96178f1661b65fcd9592cdc2dddb8c5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Volkan Yazici <vyazici@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 2026 07:46:25 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 548/707] 8387853: HttpServer unexpectedly closes the
 connection after first response to empty requests if "drainAmount <= 0"

Reviewed-by: jpai, dfuchs
---
 .../httpserver/FixedLengthInputStream.java    |   3 +-
 .../property/DrainAmountPropertyTest.java     | 219 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 221 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/com/sun/net/httpserver/property/DrainAmountPropertyTest.java

diff --git a/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/sun/net/httpserver/FixedLengthInputStream.java b/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/sun/net/httpserver/FixedLengthInputStream.java
index 100ba9e1b3b..9c571787417 100644
--- a/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/sun/net/httpserver/FixedLengthInputStream.java
+++ b/src/jdk.httpserver/share/classes/sun/net/httpserver/FixedLengthInputStream.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ class FixedLengthInputStream extends LeftOverInputStream {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Content-Length: " + len);
         }
         this.remaining = len;
+        this.eof = len == 0;
     }
 
     protected int readImpl(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
diff --git a/test/jdk/com/sun/net/httpserver/property/DrainAmountPropertyTest.java b/test/jdk/com/sun/net/httpserver/property/DrainAmountPropertyTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0b060178b6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/com/sun/net/httpserver/property/DrainAmountPropertyTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpExchange;
+import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpHandler;
+import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer;
+import jdk.test.lib.format.Format;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
+import java.net.Socket;
+import java.net.SocketException;
+import java.util.logging.Level;
+import java.util.logging.Logger;
+
+import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.US_ASCII;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+
+/*
+ * @test id=default
+ * @bug 8387853
+ * @summary Tests the default value of `sun.net.httpserver.drainAmount`,
+ *          which is 65,536.
+ *
+ * @library /test/lib
+ *
+ * @run junit/othervm
+ *      ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=negative
+ * @bug 8387853
+ * @summary Verifies that configuring `sun.net.httpserver.drainAmount` to a
+ *          negative value (-1, in this case) results in server closing the
+ *          connection if the handler leaves behind an unconsumed request body
+ *          of length bigger than 0.
+ *
+ * @library /test/lib
+ *
+ * @run junit/othervm
+ *      -Dsun.net.httpserver.drainAmount=-1
+ *      ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=0
+ * @bug 8387853
+ * @summary Verifies that configuring `sun.net.httpserver.drainAmount` to 0
+ *          results in server closing the connection if the handler leaves
+ *          behind an unconsumed request body of length bigger than 0.
+ *
+ * @library /test/lib
+ *
+ * @run junit/othervm
+ *      -Dsun.net.httpserver.drainAmount=0
+ *      ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=1
+ * @bug 8387853
+ * @summary Verifies that configuring `sun.net.httpserver.drainAmount` to 1
+ *          results in server closing the connection if the handler leaves
+ *          behind an unconsumed request body of length greater than or equal
+ *          to 1.
+ *
+ * @library /test/lib
+ *
+ * @run junit/othervm
+ *      -Dsun.net.httpserver.drainAmount=1
+ *      ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+class DrainAmountPropertyTest {
+
+    /**
+     * The {@code com.sun.net.httpserver} logger anchor to avoid getting it garbage-collected.
+     */
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger("com.sun.net.httpserver");
+
+    static {
+        boolean enableLogging = System.getProperty("test.enableLogging") != null;
+        if (enableLogging) {
+            LOGGER.setLevel(Level.ALL);     // 0. Set `HttpServer`'s logger to `ALL`
+            Logger.getLogger("")            // 1. Get the root logger
+                    .getHandlers()[0]       // 2. Get its first handler (by default it's a `ConsoleHandler`)
+                    .setLevel(Level.ALL);   // 3. Sets its level to `ALL` (by default it's `INFO`)
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void test() throws Exception {
+
+        // Read the drain amount (i.e., the maximum allowed unconsumed request body length)
+        var drainAmount = Integer.getInteger("sun.net.httpserver.drainAmount", 65536);
+
+        // Create the HTTP server
+        var server = HttpServer.create(new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getLoopbackAddress(), 0), 0);
+        server.createContext("/", new NoContentReturningHandler());
+        server.start();
+
+        // Create the client
+        var serverAddress = server.getAddress();
+        try (var clientSocket = new Socket(serverAddress.getAddress(), serverAddress.getPort())) {
+
+            if (drainAmount > 0) {
+
+                // Send the 1st request containing a body matching the drain amount, that is, no excess.
+                // This should leave the connection in a reusable state.
+                sendRequest(clientSocket, "/?request=reusable", drainAmount - 1);
+
+                // Send the 2nd (empty) request and verify that the connection is still usable
+                sendRequest(clientSocket, "/?request=still-usable", 0);
+
+            }
+
+            // Send requests with zero-length bodies in various forms and verify that the connection is still usable
+            sendRequest(clientSocket, "GET", "/?request=get-no-content-length", null);
+            sendRequest(clientSocket, "GET", "/?request=get-content-length-zero", 0);
+            sendRequest(clientSocket, "POST", "/?request=post-no-content-length", null);
+            sendRequest(clientSocket, "POST", "/?request=post-content-length-zero", 0);
+
+            // Send the 3rd request containing a body exceeding the drain amount and verify the server disconnect
+            assertThrows(SocketException.class, () -> {
+                sendRequest(clientSocket, "/?request=closing", Math.max(1, drainAmount));
+                // Above request might still successfully consume the response before reading the server disconnect.
+                // Hence, send a 4th (empty) request to ensure to observe the socket close.
+                sendRequest(clientSocket, "/?request=after-close", 0);
+            });
+
+        } finally {
+            server.stop(0);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private static void sendRequest(
+            Socket clientSocket, String requestTarget, int requestBodyLength)
+            throws IOException {
+        sendRequest(clientSocket, "POST", requestTarget, requestBodyLength);
+    }
+
+    private static void sendRequest(
+            Socket clientSocket, String requestMethod, String requestTarget, Integer requestBodyLength)
+            throws IOException {
+        LOGGER.info("Sending request (target=%s, bodyLength=%s)".formatted(requestTarget, requestBodyLength));
+        var socketOutput = clientSocket.getOutputStream();
+        var request = "%s %s HTTP/1.1%s\r\n\r\n".formatted(
+                requestMethod, requestTarget,
+                requestBodyLength == null ? "" : "\r\nContent-Length: " + requestBodyLength);
+        socketOutput.write(request.getBytes(US_ASCII));
+        if (requestBodyLength != null && requestBodyLength > 0) {
+            socketOutput.write(new byte[requestBodyLength]);
+        }
+        socketOutput.flush();
+        var inputStream = clientSocket.getInputStream();
+        assertEquals("HTTP/1.1 204 No Content", readUntilCrLf(inputStream));
+        // Consume headers, including the terminating empty line
+        while (!readUntilCrLf(inputStream).isEmpty());
+    }
+
+    private static String readUntilCrLf(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
+        var buffer = new StringBuilder();
+        var prevChar = -1;
+        while (true) {
+            int nextChar = inputStream.read();
+            if (nextChar < 0) {
+                // Peer disconnect is not expected, escalate it
+                throw new SocketException("EOF after reading: " + Format.asLiteral(buffer));
+            }
+            buffer.append((char) nextChar);
+            if (prevChar == '\r' && nextChar == '\n') {
+                break;
+            }
+            prevChar = nextChar;
+        }
+        // Drop CRLF
+        buffer.setLength(buffer.length() - 2);
+        return buffer.toString();
+    }
+
+    private static final class NoContentReturningHandler implements HttpHandler {
+
+        @Override
+        public void handle(HttpExchange exchange) throws IOException {
+            LOGGER.info("Received request (target=%s)".formatted(exchange.getRequestURI()));
+            try (exchange) {
+                exchange.sendResponseHeaders(204, HttpExchange.RSPBODY_EMPTY);
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}

From 3b1f2030f25929ea0dac257385fb32a02af6dd29 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 2026 08:25:32 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 549/707] 8390136: ResourceMark needed for external_name calls
 in continuationFreezeThaw.cpp

Reviewed-by: pchilanomate, shade
---
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp | 3 ++-
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
index 15d994d02b7..7916d4423d2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
@@ -1747,6 +1747,8 @@ static void verify_frame_kind(frame& top, Continuation::preempt_kind preempt_kin
   Method* m;
   const char* code_name;
   int bci;
+  ResourceMark rm;
+
   if (preempt_kind == Continuation::monitorenter) {
     assert(top.is_interpreted_frame() || top.is_runtime_frame(), "unexpected %sframe",
       top.is_compiled_frame() ? "compiled " : top.is_native_frame() ? "native " : "");
@@ -1763,7 +1765,6 @@ static void verify_frame_kind(frame& top, Continuation::preempt_kind preempt_kin
       bci = at_sync_method ? -1 : top.interpreter_frame_bci();
     } else {
       JavaThread* current = JavaThread::current();
-      ResourceMark rm(current);
       CodeBlob* cb = top.cb();
       RegisterMap reg_map(current,
                   RegisterMap::UpdateMap::skip,

From 0a2e196bead63468d647476f096e1259eeba2472 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Manuel=20H=C3=A4ssig?= <mhaessig@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 2026 08:33:01 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 550/707] 8390190: [IR-Framework] Integrate valhalla IR nodes
 into IRNode.java

Reviewed-by: thartmann, chagedorn, mchevalier
---
 .../compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java     |  75 +++++++++++--
 .../inlinetypes/InlineTypeIRNode.java         | 100 ------------------
 .../inlinetypes/InlineTypeRegexes.java        |  37 -------
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrays.java      |  20 ++--
 .../inlinetypes/TestBasicFunctionality.java   |   8 +-
 .../inlinetypes/TestCallingConvention.java    |   6 +-
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java  |   4 +-
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java      |  12 +--
 .../inlinetypes/TestLWorldProfiling.java      |   2 -
 .../inlinetypes/TestMethodHandles.java        |   9 +-
 .../inlinetypes/TestNullableArrays.java       |  12 +--
 .../inlinetypes/TestNullableInlineTypes.java  |   6 +-
 .../inlinetypes/TestOnStackReplacement.java   |   7 +-
 .../inlinetypes/TestValueClasses.java         |   4 +-
 14 files changed, 113 insertions(+), 189 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeIRNode.java
 delete mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeRegexes.java

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java
index b2961b8ba2b..6fad572fd37 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/IRNode.java
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.shared.CheckedTestFrameworkException;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.shared.TestFormat;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.shared.TestFormatException;
-import compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode;
 import jdk.test.lib.Platform;
 import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
 
@@ -152,12 +151,6 @@ public class IRNode {
      * }
      */
 
-    // Valhalla: Make sure that all Valhalla specific IR nodes are also properly initialized. Doing it here also
-    //           ensures that the Flag VM is able to pick up the correct compile phases.
-    static {
-        InlineTypeIRNode.forceStaticInitialization();
-    }
-
     public static final String ABS_D = PREFIX + "ABS_D" + POSTFIX;
     static {
         beforeMatchingNameRegex(ABS_D, "AbsD");
@@ -3362,6 +3355,74 @@ public static void anyStoreOfNodes(String irNodePlaceholder, String fieldHolder)
         beforeMatchingNameRegex(OPAQUE_CONSTANT_BOOL, "OpaqueConstantBool");
     }
 
+    /*
+     * Inline type nodes.
+     */
+
+    public static final String CALL_UNSAFE = PREFIX + "CALL_UNSAFE" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        staticCallOfMethodNodes(CALL_UNSAFE, "# Static  jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe::");
+    }
+
+    public static final String STORE_INLINE_FIELDS = PREFIX + "STORE_INLINE_FIELDS" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        staticCallOfMethodNodes(STORE_INLINE_FIELDS, "store_inline_type_fields");
+    }
+
+    public static final String LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE = PREFIX + "LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        staticCallOfMethodNodes(LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "load_unknown_inline_blob \\(C2 runtime\\)");
+    }
+
+    public static final String STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE = PREFIX + "STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        staticCallOfMethodNodes(STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, "store_unknown_inline_blob \\(C2 runtime\\)");
+    }
+
+    public static final String INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD = PREFIX + "INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        staticCallOfMethodNodes(INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD, "null_check' action='none'");
+    }
+
+    public static final String CLONE_INTRINSIC_SLOW_PATH = PREFIX + "CLONE_INTRINSIC_SLOW_PATH" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        staticCallOfMethodNodes(CLONE_INTRINSIC_SLOW_PATH, "java.lang.Object::clone");
+    }
+
+    public static final String JLONG_ARRAYCOPY = PREFIX + "JLONG_ARRAYCOPY" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        callLeafNoFpOfMethodNodes(JLONG_ARRAYCOPY, "jlong_disjoint_arraycopy");
+    }
+
+    // The following nodes are specific to tests in in compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes using one of the MyValue classes.
+    private static final String MYVALUE_KLASS = "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/.*MyValue\\w*";
+    public static final String ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS = PREFIX + "ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        allocateOfNodes(ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, MYVALUE_KLASS);
+    }
+
+    public static final String ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS = PREFIX + "ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        allocateArrayOfNodes(ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, MYVALUE_KLASS);
+    }
+
+    private static final String ANY_KLASS = "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/[\\w/]*";
+
+    // TODO: Revisit with JDK-8380875
+    public static final String LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS = PREFIX + "LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        String loadNode = "Load(B|UB|S|US|I|L|F|D|P|N)";
+        String valueClass = "@instptr:" + ANY_KLASS;
+        String regex = START + loadNode + MID + valueClass + END;
+        beforeMatching(LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, regex);
+    }
+
+    // TODO: Revisit with JDK-8380875
+    public static final String STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS = PREFIX + "STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS" + POSTFIX;
+    static {
+        anyStoreOfNodes(STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, ANY_KLASS);
+    }
+
     /*
      * Utility methods to set up IR_NODE_MAPPINGS.
      */
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeIRNode.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeIRNode.java
deleted file mode 100644
index b55622fc7da..00000000000
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeIRNode.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,100 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
- *
- * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
- * accompanied this code).
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
- * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *
- * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
- * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
- * questions.
- */
-
-package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
-
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode;
-
-import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.*;
-
-public class InlineTypeIRNode {
-    private static final String POSTFIX = "#I_";
-
-    public static final String CALL_UNSAFE = PREFIX + "CALL_UNSAFE" + POSTFIX;
-    static {
-        IRNode.staticCallOfMethodNodes(CALL_UNSAFE, InlineTypeRegexes.JDK_INTERNAL_MISC_UNSAFE);
-    }
-
-    public static final String STORE_INLINE_FIELDS = PREFIX + "STORE_INLINE_FIELDS" + POSTFIX;
-    static {
-        IRNode.staticCallOfMethodNodes(STORE_INLINE_FIELDS, InlineTypeRegexes.STORE_INLINE_TYPE_FIELDS);
-    }
-
-    public static final String LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE = PREFIX + "LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE" + POSTFIX;
-    static {
-        IRNode.staticCallOfMethodNodes(LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE, InlineTypeRegexes.LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE);
-    }
-
-    public static final String STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE = PREFIX + "STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE" + POSTFIX;
-    static {
-        IRNode.staticCallOfMethodNodes(STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE, InlineTypeRegexes.STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE);
-    }
-
-    public static final String INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD = PREFIX + "INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD" + POSTFIX;
-    static {
-        IRNode.staticCallOfMethodNodes(INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD, InlineTypeRegexes.INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD);
-    }
-
-    public static final String CLONE_INTRINSIC_SLOW_PATH = PREFIX + "CLONE_INTRINSIC_SLOW_PATH" + POSTFIX;
-    static {
-        IRNode.staticCallOfMethodNodes(CLONE_INTRINSIC_SLOW_PATH, InlineTypeRegexes.JAVA_LANG_OBJECT_CLONE);
-    }
-
-    public static final String CHECKCAST_ARRAYCOPY = PREFIX + "CHECKCAST_ARRAYCOPY" + POSTFIX;
-    static {
-        IRNode.callLeafNoFpOfMethodNodes(CHECKCAST_ARRAYCOPY, InlineTypeRegexes.CHECKCAST_ARRAYCOPY);
-    }
-
-    public static final String JLONG_ARRAYCOPY = PREFIX + "JLONG_ARRAYCOPY" + POSTFIX;
-    static {
-        IRNode.callLeafNoFpOfMethodNodes(JLONG_ARRAYCOPY, InlineTypeRegexes.JLONG_DISJOINT_ARRAYCOPY);
-    }
-
-    public static final String ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS = PREFIX + "ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS" + POSTFIX;
-    static {
-        IRNode.allocateOfNodes(ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, InlineTypeRegexes.MYVALUE_KLASS);
-    }
-
-    public static final String ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS = PREFIX + "ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS" + POSTFIX;
-    static {
-        IRNode.allocateArrayOfNodes(ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, InlineTypeRegexes.MYVALUE_KLASS);
-    }
-
-    // TODO: Revisit with JDK-8380875
-    public static final String LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS = PREFIX + "LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS" + POSTFIX;
-    static {
-        String loadNode = "Load(B|UB|S|US|I|L|F|D|P|N)";
-        String valueClass = "@instptr:compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/[\\w/]*";
-        String regex = START + loadNode + MID + valueClass + END;
-        IRNode.beforeMatching(LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, regex);
-    }
-
-    // TODO: Revisit with JDK-8380875
-    public static final String STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS = PREFIX + "STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS" + POSTFIX;
-    static {
-        IRNode.anyStoreOfNodes(STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS, InlineTypeRegexes.ANY_KLASS);
-    }
-
-    // Dummy method to call to force the static initializer blocks to be run before starting the IR framework.
-    public static void forceStaticInitialization() {}
-}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeRegexes.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeRegexes.java
deleted file mode 100644
index ee447bf7e11..00000000000
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypeRegexes.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
- *
- * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
- * accompanied this code).
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
- * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *
- * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
- * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
- * questions.
- */
-
-package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
-
-public class InlineTypeRegexes {
-    public static final String MYVALUE_KLASS = "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/.*MyValue\\w*";
-    public static final String ANY_KLASS = "compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/[\\w/]*";
-    public static final String STORE_INLINE_TYPE_FIELDS = "store_inline_type_fields";
-    public static final String JDK_INTERNAL_MISC_UNSAFE = "# Static  jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe::";
-    public static final String LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE = "load_unknown_inline_blob \\(C2 runtime\\)";
-    public static final String STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE = "store_unknown_inline_blob \\(C2 runtime\\)";
-    public static final String INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD = "null_check' action='none'";
-    public static final String JLONG_DISJOINT_ARRAYCOPY = "jlong_disjoint_arraycopy";
-    public static final String CHECKCAST_ARRAYCOPY = "checkcast_arraycopy";
-    public static final String JAVA_LANG_OBJECT_CLONE = "java.lang.Object::clone";
-}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrays.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrays.java
index 2f49b5fe09c..4966465665c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrays.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrays.java
@@ -36,24 +36,24 @@
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.CHECKCAST_ARRAYCOPY;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.CLONE_INTRINSIC_SLOW_PATH;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.JLONG_ARRAYCOPY;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE;
 import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.*;
 
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC_ARRAY;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.CHECKCAST_ARRAYCOPY;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.CLASS_CHECK_TRAP;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.CLONE_INTRINSIC_SLOW_PATH;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.INTRINSIC_TRAP;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.JLONG_ARRAYCOPY;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOOP;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.PREDICATE_TRAP;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP;
 
 /*
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestBasicFunctionality.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestBasicFunctionality.java
index 6519a4191bd..848570c04a6 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestBasicFunctionality.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestBasicFunctionality.java
@@ -33,15 +33,15 @@
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
 import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
 
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
 import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.*;
 
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOOP;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.PREDICATE_TRAP;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.SCOPE_OBJECT;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP;
 
 /*
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestCallingConvention.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestCallingConvention.java
index 7e38e3e0092..4453515dd95 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestCallingConvention.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestCallingConvention.java
@@ -32,14 +32,14 @@
 import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
 
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
 import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.*;
 
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.CALL_OF_METHOD;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.PREDICATE_TRAP;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP;
 
 import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java
index b2b81b92ece..23b42bad191 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java
@@ -36,13 +36,13 @@
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
 import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
 
-import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.CALL_UNSAFE;
 import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.rI;
 import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.rL;
 
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.CALL_UNSAFE;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOAD;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOAD_KLASS;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD;
 
 /*
  * @test
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java
index c049a8548fe..513ee0c2064 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java
@@ -39,27 +39,27 @@
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
 
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE;
 import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.*;
 
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.CLASS_CHECK_TRAP;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.COUNTED_LOOP;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.COUNTED_LOOP_MAIN;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.DYNAMIC_CALL_OF_METHOD;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.FIELD_ACCESS;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.INLINE_ARRAY_NULL_GUARD;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOAD;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOAD_P;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOOP;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.MEMBAR;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.NULL_CHECK_TRAP;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.PREDICATE_TRAP;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP;
 
 /*
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorldProfiling.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorldProfiling.java
index 3ff5a0c86f5..a45ab06e49c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorldProfiling.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorldProfiling.java
@@ -34,8 +34,6 @@
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
 
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.*;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE;
 import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.*;
 
 /*
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMethodHandles.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMethodHandles.java
index 9ad94fc5b72..150e0baaede 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMethodHandles.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestMethodHandles.java
@@ -34,10 +34,11 @@
 
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
 
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_INLINE_FIELDS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.STORE_INLINE_FIELDS;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+
 import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.*;
 
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.STATIC_CALL;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableArrays.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableArrays.java
index 4faf637f99f..9f8242cdd9e 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableArrays.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableArrays.java
@@ -26,19 +26,19 @@
 import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
 
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE;
 import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.rI;
 import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.rL;
 import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.rD;
 
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOAD_UNKNOWN_INLINE;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOOP;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.PREDICATE_TRAP;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.STORE_UNKNOWN_INLINE;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP;
 
 import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableInlineTypes.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableInlineTypes.java
index 61d923ed629..43446ec688d 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableInlineTypes.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableInlineTypes.java
@@ -38,15 +38,15 @@
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
 
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
 import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.*;
 
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.CMP_N;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.CMP_P;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.PREDICATE_TRAP;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP;
 
 /*
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestOnStackReplacement.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestOnStackReplacement.java
index e6b647b6dfb..cdc1bc09e54 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestOnStackReplacement.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestOnStackReplacement.java
@@ -30,9 +30,10 @@
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
 
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
+
 import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.rI;
 import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.rL;
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueClasses.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueClasses.java
index 7ab9f1b710b..ebf246cd7d6 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueClasses.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueClasses.java
@@ -28,11 +28,11 @@
 
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
 
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
-import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypeIRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
 import static compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.InlineTypes.*;
 
 import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.ALLOC_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS;
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.STORE_OF_ANY_KLASS;
 
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.LooselyConsistentValue;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;

From 34dda4ecd89e07d4530f9c26e88f9968788d695f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Fredrik Bredberg <fbredberg@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 2026 08:40:01 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 551/707] 8389325: Remove the UseObjectMonitorTable flag and
 related code

Reviewed-by: stefank, coleenp
---
 .../cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp | 106 +++---
 .../cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp    |  16 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/macroAssembler_ppc.cpp    | 151 +++-----
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad                    |  19 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/sharedRuntime_ppc.cpp     |   3 +-
 .../cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp     | 103 +++---
 .../cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp        |  16 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp  | 137 +++-----
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp | 139 +++-----
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp    |  18 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86.cpp     |   8 +-
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahArguments.cpp     |  12 +-
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp   |  11 +-
 src/hotspot/share/oops/markWord.cpp           |   8 -
 src/hotspot/share/oops/markWord.hpp           |  22 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp       |  13 -
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp       |  13 -
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.hpp       |   1 -
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/basicLock.cpp       |  25 +-
 .../share/runtime/basicLock.inline.hpp        |   5 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp  |  19 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp         |   4 -
 .../share/runtime/javaThread.inline.hpp       |   5 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/objectMonitor.cpp   |  78 +---
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/objectMonitor.hpp   |  11 +-
 .../share/runtime/objectMonitor.inline.hpp    |  11 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp   |  10 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/synchronizer.cpp    | 332 ++----------------
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/synchronizer.hpp    |   2 -
 .../classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Mark.java    |  19 +-
 .../hotspot/runtime/ObjectSynchronizer.java   |   9 +-
 .../runtime/CommandLine/VMOptionWarning.java  |  34 --
 ...CompressedClassPointersEncodingScheme.java |   1 -
 .../Monitor/UseObjectMonitorTableTest.java    |   7 +-
 34 files changed, 348 insertions(+), 1020 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 4af590d5132..55cfd0756f6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -182,10 +182,8 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box, Register t1,
   // Finish fast lock unsuccessfully. MUST branch to with flag == NE
   Label slow_path;
 
-  if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    // Clear cache in case fast locking succeeds or we need to take the slow-path.
-    str(zr, Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()));
-  }
+  // Clear cache in case fast locking succeeds or we need to take the slow-path.
+  str(zr, Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()));
 
   if (DiagnoseSyncOnValueBasedClasses != 0) {
     load_klass(t1, obj, rscratch2);
@@ -245,60 +243,55 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box, Register t1,
     const ByteSize omc_monitor_offset = OMCache::monitor_offset();
     const ByteSize omc_obj_offset     = OMCache::obj_offset();
 
-    if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      assert(t1_monitor == t1_mark, "should be the same here");
-    } else {
-      const Register t1_hash = t1;
-      Label monitor_found;
+    const Register t1_hash = t1;
+    Label monitor_found;
 
-      // Save the mark, we might need it to extract the hash.
-      mov(t3, t1_mark);
+    // Save the mark, we might need it to extract the hash.
+    mov(t3, t1_mark);
 
-      // Look for the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
+    // Look for the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
 
-      ldr(t1_monitor, Address(rthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset));
-      ldr(t2, Address(rthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset));
-      cmp(obj, t2);
-      br(Assembler::EQ, monitor_found);
+    ldr(t1_monitor, Address(rthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset));
+    ldr(t2, Address(rthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset));
+    cmp(obj, t2);
+    br(Assembler::EQ, monitor_found);
 
-      // Look for the monitor in the table.
+    // Look for the monitor in the table.
 
-      // Get the hash code.
-      ubfx(t1_hash, t3, markWord::hash_shift, markWord::hash_bits);
+    // Get the hash code.
+    ubfx(t1_hash, t3, markWord::hash_shift, markWord::hash_bits);
 
-      // Get the table and calculate the bucket's address
-      lea(t3, ExternalAddress(ObjectMonitorTable::current_table_address()));
-      ldr(t3, Address(t3));
-      ldr(t2, Address(t3, ObjectMonitorTable::table_capacity_mask_offset()));
-      ands(t1_hash, t1_hash, t2);
-      ldr(t3, Address(t3, ObjectMonitorTable::table_buckets_offset()));
+    // Get the table and calculate the bucket's address
+    lea(t3, ExternalAddress(ObjectMonitorTable::current_table_address()));
+    ldr(t3, Address(t3));
+    ldr(t2, Address(t3, ObjectMonitorTable::table_capacity_mask_offset()));
+    ands(t1_hash, t1_hash, t2);
+    ldr(t3, Address(t3, ObjectMonitorTable::table_buckets_offset()));
 
-      // Read the monitor from the bucket.
-      ldr(t1_monitor, Address(t3, t1_hash, Address::lsl(LogBytesPerWord)));
+    // Read the monitor from the bucket.
+    ldr(t1_monitor, Address(t3, t1_hash, Address::lsl(LogBytesPerWord)));
 
-      // Check if the monitor in the bucket is special (empty, tombstone or removed).
-      cmp(t1_monitor, (unsigned char)ObjectMonitorTable::SpecialPointerValues::below_is_special);
-      br(Assembler::LO, slow_path);
+    // Check if the monitor in the bucket is special (empty, tombstone or removed).
+    cmp(t1_monitor, (unsigned char)ObjectMonitorTable::SpecialPointerValues::below_is_special);
+    br(Assembler::LO, slow_path);
 
-      // Check if object matches.
-      ldr(t3, Address(t1_monitor, ObjectMonitor::object_offset()));
-      BarrierSetAssembler* bs_asm = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
-      bs_asm->try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(this, t3, t3, t2, slow_path);
-      cmp(t3, obj);
-      br(Assembler::NE, slow_path);
+    // Check if object matches.
+    ldr(t3, Address(t1_monitor, ObjectMonitor::object_offset()));
+    BarrierSetAssembler* bs_asm = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
+    bs_asm->try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(this, t3, t3, t2, slow_path);
+    cmp(t3, obj);
+    br(Assembler::NE, slow_path);
 
-      // Store the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
-      str(t1_monitor, Address(rthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset));
-      str(obj, Address(rthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset));
+    // Store the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
+    str(t1_monitor, Address(rthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset));
+    str(obj, Address(rthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset));
 
-      bind(monitor_found);
-    }
+    bind(monitor_found);
 
     const Register t2_owner_addr = t2;
     const Register t3_owner = t3;
-    const ByteSize monitor_tag = in_ByteSize(UseObjectMonitorTable ? 0 : checked_cast<int>(markWord::monitor_value));
-    const Address owner_address(t1_monitor, ObjectMonitor::owner_offset() - monitor_tag);
-    const Address recursions_address(t1_monitor, ObjectMonitor::recursions_offset() - monitor_tag);
+    const Address owner_address(t1_monitor, ObjectMonitor::owner_offset());
+    const Address recursions_address(t1_monitor, ObjectMonitor::recursions_offset());
 
     Label monitor_locked;
 
@@ -318,10 +311,8 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box, Register t1,
     increment(recursions_address, 1);
 
     bind(monitor_locked);
-    if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      // Cache the monitor for unlock.
-      str(t1_monitor, Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()));
-    }
+    // Cache the monitor for unlock.
+    str(t1_monitor, Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()));
   }
 
   bind(locked);
@@ -388,7 +379,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_unlock(Register obj, Register box, Register t1,
     // Because we got here by popping (meaning we pushed in locked)
     // there will be no monitor in the box. So we need to push back the obj
     // so that the runtime can fix any potential anonymous owner.
-    tbnz(t1_mark, exact_log2(markWord::monitor_value), UseObjectMonitorTable ? push_and_slow_path : inflated);
+    tbnz(t1_mark, exact_log2(markWord::monitor_value), push_and_slow_path);
 
     // Try to unlock. Transition lock bits 0b00 => 0b01
     assert(oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes() == 0, "required to avoid lea");
@@ -430,17 +421,10 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_unlock(Register obj, Register box, Register t1,
 
     const Register t1_monitor = t1;
 
-    if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      assert(t1_monitor == t1_mark, "should be the same here");
-
-      // Untag the monitor.
-      add(t1_monitor, t1_mark, -(int)markWord::monitor_value);
-    } else {
-      ldr(t1_monitor, Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()));
-      // null check with Flags == NE, no valid pointer below alignof(ObjectMonitor*)
-      cmp(t1_monitor, checked_cast<uint8_t>(alignof(ObjectMonitor*)));
-      br(Assembler::LO, slow_path);
-    }
+    ldr(t1_monitor, Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()));
+    // null check with Flags == NE, no valid pointer below alignof(ObjectMonitor*)
+    cmp(t1_monitor, checked_cast<uint8_t>(alignof(ObjectMonitor*)));
+    br(Assembler::LO, slow_path);
 
     const Register t2_recursions = t2;
     Label not_recursive;
@@ -3032,4 +3016,4 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::sve_sdiv_short(FloatRegister dst_src1, FloatRegister src
   sve_sdiv(src1, S, ptrue, vtmp2);
   // Narrow the two INT result halves back to SHORT.
   sve_uzp1(dst_src1, H, vtmp1, src1);
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index cf5ccb2c286..78f8a86dcf3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -2412,16 +2412,6 @@ void MacroAssembler::test_field_is_flat(Register flags, Register temp_reg, Label
 void MacroAssembler::test_oop_prototype_bit(Register oop, Register temp_reg, int32_t test_bit, bool jmp_set, Label& jmp_label) {
   // load mark word
   ldr(temp_reg, Address(oop, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
-  if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    Label test_mark_word;
-    // check displaced
-    tst(temp_reg, markWord::unlocked_value);
-    br(Assembler::NE, test_mark_word);
-    // slow path use klass prototype
-    load_prototype_header(temp_reg, oop);
-
-    bind(test_mark_word);
-  }
   andr(temp_reg, temp_reg, test_bit);
   if (jmp_set) {
     cbnz(temp_reg, jmp_label);
@@ -7901,10 +7891,8 @@ void MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register basic_lock, Register obj, Register t1, R
   // instruction emitted as it is part of C1's null check semantics.
   ldr(mark, Address(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
 
-  if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    // Clear cache in case fast locking succeeds or we need to take the slow-path.
-    str(zr, Address(basic_lock, BasicObjectLock::lock_offset() + in_ByteSize((BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()))));
-  }
+  // Clear cache in case fast locking succeeds or we need to take the slow-path.
+  str(zr, Address(basic_lock, BasicObjectLock::lock_offset() + in_ByteSize((BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()))));
 
   if (DiagnoseSyncOnValueBasedClasses != 0) {
     load_klass(t1, obj, rscratch1);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/macroAssembler_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/macroAssembler_ppc.cpp
index fe0ac25f58c..e7bf14dad34 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/macroAssembler_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/macroAssembler_ppc.cpp
@@ -2688,7 +2688,6 @@ void MacroAssembler::tlab_allocate(
 void MacroAssembler::compiler_fast_lock_object(ConditionRegister flag, Register obj, Register box,
                                                Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Register tmp3) {
   assert_different_registers(obj, box, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3);
-  assert(UseObjectMonitorTable || tmp3 == noreg, "tmp3 not needed");
   assert(flag == CR0, "bad condition register");
 
   // Handle inflated monitor.
@@ -2698,11 +2697,9 @@ void MacroAssembler::compiler_fast_lock_object(ConditionRegister flag, Register
   // Finish fast lock unsuccessfully. MUST branch to with flag == EQ
   Label slow_path;
 
-  if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    // Clear cache in case fast locking succeeds or we need to take the slow-path.
-    li(tmp1, 0);
-    std(tmp1, in_bytes(BasicObjectLock::lock_offset()) + BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes(), box);
-  }
+  // Clear cache in case fast locking succeeds or we need to take the slow-path.
+  li(tmp1, 0);
+  std(tmp1, in_bytes(BasicObjectLock::lock_offset()) + BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes(), box);
 
   if (DiagnoseSyncOnValueBasedClasses != 0) {
     load_klass(tmp1, obj);
@@ -2760,9 +2757,9 @@ void MacroAssembler::compiler_fast_lock_object(ConditionRegister flag, Register
 
     // mark contains the tagged ObjectMonitor*.
     const uintptr_t monitor_tag = markWord::monitor_value;
-    const Register monitor    = UseObjectMonitorTable ? tmp1 : noreg;
+    const Register monitor    = tmp1;
     const Register owner_addr = tmp2;
-    const Register thread_id  = UseObjectMonitorTable ? tmp3 : tmp1;
+    const Register thread_id  = tmp3;
     // Offsets into the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
     const ByteSize thr_omc_offset     = JavaThread::om_cache_offset();
     const ByteSize omc_monitor_offset = OMCache::monitor_offset();
@@ -2770,61 +2767,55 @@ void MacroAssembler::compiler_fast_lock_object(ConditionRegister flag, Register
 
     Label monitor_locked;
 
-    if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      // Compute owner address.
-      addi(owner_addr, mark, in_bytes(ObjectMonitor::owner_offset()) - monitor_tag);
-      mark = noreg;
-    } else {
-      const Register tmp3_bucket = tmp3;
-      const Register tmp2_hash = tmp2;
-      Label monitor_found;
+    const Register tmp3_bucket = tmp3;
+    const Register tmp2_hash = tmp2;
+    Label monitor_found;
 
-      // Save the mark, we might need it to extract the hash.
-      mr(tmp2_hash, mark);
+    // Save the mark, we might need it to extract the hash.
+    mr(tmp2_hash, mark);
 
-      // Look for the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
+    // Look for the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
 
-      ld(R0, in_bytes(thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset), R16_thread);
-      ld(monitor, in_bytes(thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset), R16_thread);
-      cmpd(CR0, R0, obj);
-      beq(CR0, monitor_found);
+    ld(R0, in_bytes(thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset), R16_thread);
+    ld(monitor, in_bytes(thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset), R16_thread);
+    cmpd(CR0, R0, obj);
+    beq(CR0, monitor_found);
 
-      // Look for the monitor in the table.
+    // Look for the monitor in the table.
 
-      // Get the hash code.
-      srdi(tmp2_hash, tmp2_hash, markWord::hash_shift);
+    // Get the hash code.
+    srdi(tmp2_hash, tmp2_hash, markWord::hash_shift);
 
-      // Get the table and calculate the bucket's address
-      int simm16_rest = load_const_optimized(tmp3, ObjectMonitorTable::current_table_address(), R0, true);
-      ld_ptr(tmp3, simm16_rest, tmp3);
-      ld(tmp1, in_bytes(ObjectMonitorTable::table_capacity_mask_offset()), tmp3);
-      andr(tmp2_hash, tmp2_hash, tmp1);
-      ld(tmp3_bucket, in_bytes(ObjectMonitorTable::table_buckets_offset()), tmp3);
+    // Get the table and calculate the bucket's address
+    int simm16_rest = load_const_optimized(tmp3, ObjectMonitorTable::current_table_address(), R0, true);
+    ld_ptr(tmp3, simm16_rest, tmp3);
+    ld(tmp1, in_bytes(ObjectMonitorTable::table_capacity_mask_offset()), tmp3);
+    andr(tmp2_hash, tmp2_hash, tmp1);
+    ld(tmp3_bucket, in_bytes(ObjectMonitorTable::table_buckets_offset()), tmp3);
 
-      // Read the monitor from the bucket.
-      sldi(tmp2_hash, tmp2_hash, LogBytesPerWord);
-      ldx(monitor, tmp3_bucket, tmp2_hash);
+    // Read the monitor from the bucket.
+    sldi(tmp2_hash, tmp2_hash, LogBytesPerWord);
+    ldx(monitor, tmp3_bucket, tmp2_hash);
 
-      // Check if the monitor in the bucket is special (empty, tombstone or removed).
-      cmpldi(CR0, monitor, ObjectMonitorTable::SpecialPointerValues::below_is_special);
-      blt(CR0, slow_path);
+    // Check if the monitor in the bucket is special (empty, tombstone or removed).
+    cmpldi(CR0, monitor, ObjectMonitorTable::SpecialPointerValues::below_is_special);
+    blt(CR0, slow_path);
 
-      // Check if object matches.
-      ld(tmp3, in_bytes(ObjectMonitor::object_offset()), monitor);
-      BarrierSetAssembler* bs_asm = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
-      bs_asm->try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(this, tmp3, tmp3, tmp2, slow_path);
-      cmpd(CR0, tmp3, obj);
-      bne(CR0, slow_path);
+    // Check if object matches.
+    ld(tmp3, in_bytes(ObjectMonitor::object_offset()), monitor);
+    BarrierSetAssembler* bs_asm = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
+    bs_asm->try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(this, tmp3, tmp3, tmp2, slow_path);
+    cmpd(CR0, tmp3, obj);
+    bne(CR0, slow_path);
 
-      // Store the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
-      std(monitor, in_bytes(thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset), R16_thread);
-      std(obj, in_bytes(thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset), R16_thread);
+    // Store the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
+    std(monitor, in_bytes(thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset), R16_thread);
+    std(obj, in_bytes(thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset), R16_thread);
 
-      bind(monitor_found);
+    bind(monitor_found);
 
-      // Compute owner address.
-      addi(owner_addr, monitor, in_bytes(ObjectMonitor::owner_offset()));
-    }
+    // Compute owner address.
+    addi(owner_addr, monitor, in_bytes(ObjectMonitor::owner_offset()));
 
     // Try to CAS owner (no owner => current thread's _monitor_owner_id).
     assert_different_registers(thread_id, monitor, owner_addr, box, R0);
@@ -2843,23 +2834,14 @@ void MacroAssembler::compiler_fast_lock_object(ConditionRegister flag, Register
     bne(CR0, slow_path);
 
     // Recursive.
-    if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      assert_different_registers(tmp1, owner_addr);
-      ld(tmp1, in_bytes(ObjectMonitor::recursions_offset() - ObjectMonitor::owner_offset()), owner_addr);
-      addi(tmp1, tmp1, 1);
-      std(tmp1, in_bytes(ObjectMonitor::recursions_offset() - ObjectMonitor::owner_offset()), owner_addr);
-    } else {
-      assert_different_registers(tmp2, monitor);
-      ld(tmp2, in_bytes(ObjectMonitor::recursions_offset()), monitor);
-      addi(tmp2, tmp2, 1);
-      std(tmp2, in_bytes(ObjectMonitor::recursions_offset()), monitor);
-    }
+    assert_different_registers(tmp2, monitor);
+    ld(tmp2, in_bytes(ObjectMonitor::recursions_offset()), monitor);
+    addi(tmp2, tmp2, 1);
+    std(tmp2, in_bytes(ObjectMonitor::recursions_offset()), monitor);
 
     bind(monitor_locked);
-    if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      // Cache the monitor for unlock.
-      std(monitor, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes(), box);
-    }
+    // Cache the monitor for unlock.
+    std(monitor, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes(), box);
   }
 
   bind(locked);
@@ -2926,11 +2908,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::compiler_fast_unlock_object(ConditionRegister flag, Registe
     // Check for monitor (0b10).
     ld(mark, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), obj);
     andi_(t, mark, markWord::monitor_value);
-    if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      bne(CR0, inflated);
-    } else {
-      bne(CR0, push_and_slow);
-    }
+    bne(CR0, push_and_slow);
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
     // Check header not unlocked (0b01).
@@ -2980,15 +2958,10 @@ void MacroAssembler::compiler_fast_unlock_object(ConditionRegister flag, Registe
     const Register monitor = mark;
     const uintptr_t monitor_tag = markWord::monitor_value;
 
-    if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      // Untag the monitor.
-      subi(monitor, mark, monitor_tag);
-    } else {
-      ld(monitor, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes(), box);
-      // null check with Flags == NE, no valid pointer below alignof(ObjectMonitor*)
-      cmpldi(CR0, monitor, checked_cast<uint8_t>(alignof(ObjectMonitor*)));
-      blt(CR0, slow_path);
-    }
+    ld(monitor, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes(), box);
+    // null check with Flags == NE, no valid pointer below alignof(ObjectMonitor*)
+    cmpldi(CR0, monitor, checked_cast<uint8_t>(alignof(ObjectMonitor*)));
+    blt(CR0, slow_path);
 
     const Register recursions = tmp2;
     Label not_recursive;
@@ -3359,16 +3332,6 @@ void MacroAssembler::test_oop_prototype_bit(Register oop, Register temp_reg, int
                                             Label& jmp_label, bool maybe_far) {
   // load mark word
   ld(temp_reg, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), oop);
-  if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    Label test_mark_word;
-    // if unlocked bit is set we can directly use the mark word
-    andi_(R0, temp_reg, markWord::unlocked_value);
-    bne(CR0, test_mark_word);
-    // slow path use klass prototype
-    load_prototype_header(temp_reg, oop);
-
-    bind(test_mark_word);
-  }
   andi_(R0, temp_reg, test_bit);
   if (maybe_far) {
     bc_far_optimized(jmp_set ? Assembler::bcondCRbiIs0 : Assembler::bcondCRbiIs1,
@@ -4907,11 +4870,9 @@ void MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register box, Register obj, Register t1, Register
   Label push;
   const Register t = R0;
 
-  if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    // Clear cache in case fast locking succeeds or we need to take the slow-path.
-    li(t, 0);
-    std(t, in_bytes(BasicObjectLock::lock_offset()) + BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes(), box);
-  }
+  // Clear cache in case fast locking succeeds or we need to take the slow-path.
+  li(t, 0);
+  std(t, in_bytes(BasicObjectLock::lock_offset()) + BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes(), box);
 
   if (DiagnoseSyncOnValueBasedClasses != 0) {
     load_klass(t1, obj);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
index 8d9bf3ab0b2..3681165812a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/ppc.ad
@@ -10985,24 +10985,7 @@ instruct partialSubtypeCheckConstSuper(rarg3RegP sub, rarg2RegP super_reg, immP
 
 // inlined locking and unlocking
 
-instruct cmpFastLock(flagsRegCR0 crx, iRegPdst oop, iRegPdst box, iRegPdst tmp1, iRegPdst tmp2) %{
-  predicate(!UseObjectMonitorTable);
-  match(Set crx (FastLock oop box));
-  effect(TEMP tmp1, TEMP tmp2);
-
-  format %{ "FASTLOCK  $oop, $box, $tmp1, $tmp2" %}
-  ins_encode %{
-    __ fast_lock($crx$$CondRegister, $oop$$Register, $box$$Register,
-                 $tmp1$$Register, $tmp2$$Register, noreg /*tmp3*/);
-    // If locking was successful, crx should indicate 'EQ'.
-    // The compiler generates a branch to the runtime call to
-    // _complete_monitor_locking_Java for the case where crx is 'NE'.
-  %}
-  ins_pipe(pipe_class_compare);
-%}
-
-instruct cmpFastLockMonitorTable(flagsRegCR0 crx, iRegPdst oop, iRegPdst box, iRegPdst tmp1, iRegPdst tmp2, iRegPdst tmp3, flagsRegCR1 cr1) %{
-  predicate(UseObjectMonitorTable);
+instruct cmpFastLock(flagsRegCR0 crx, iRegPdst oop, iRegPdst box, iRegPdst tmp1, iRegPdst tmp2, iRegPdst tmp3, flagsRegCR1 cr1) %{
   match(Set crx (FastLock oop box));
   effect(TEMP tmp1, TEMP tmp2, TEMP tmp3, KILL cr1);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/sharedRuntime_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/sharedRuntime_ppc.cpp
index 6b5f1bc70a7..364ed7de3b0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/sharedRuntime_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/sharedRuntime_ppc.cpp
@@ -2525,8 +2525,7 @@ nmethod *SharedRuntime::generate_native_wrapper(MacroAssembler *masm,
 
     // Try fastpath for locking.
     // fast_lock kills r_temp_1, r_temp_2, r_temp_3.
-    Register r_temp_3_or_noreg = UseObjectMonitorTable ? r_temp_3 : noreg;
-    __ compiler_fast_lock_object(CR0, r_oop, r_box, r_temp_1, r_temp_2, r_temp_3_or_noreg);
+    __ compiler_fast_lock_object(CR0, r_oop, r_box, r_temp_1, r_temp_2, r_temp_3);
     __ beq(CR0, locked);
 
     // None of the above fast optimizations worked so we have to get into the
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
index 011d20e2f9b..e70840e9e52 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -84,10 +84,8 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box,
   // Finish fast lock unsuccessfully. slow_path MUST branch to with flag != 0
   Label slow_path;
 
-  if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    // Clear cache in case fast locking succeeds or we need to take the slow-path.
-    sd(zr, Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()));
-  }
+  // Clear cache in case fast locking succeeds or we need to take the slow-path.
+  sd(zr, Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()));
 
   if (DiagnoseSyncOnValueBasedClasses != 0) {
     load_klass(tmp1, obj);
@@ -149,61 +147,56 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box,
     const ByteSize omc_monitor_offset = OMCache::monitor_offset();
     const ByteSize omc_obj_offset     = OMCache::obj_offset();
 
-    if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      assert(tmp1_monitor == tmp1_mark, "should be the same here");
-    } else {
-      const Register tmp2_hash = tmp2;
-      const Register tmp3_bucket = tmp3;
-      Label monitor_found;
+    const Register tmp2_hash = tmp2;
+    const Register tmp3_bucket = tmp3;
+    Label monitor_found;
 
-      // Save the mark, we might need it to extract the hash.
-      mv(tmp2_hash, tmp1_mark);
+    // Save the mark, we might need it to extract the hash.
+    mv(tmp2_hash, tmp1_mark);
 
-      // Look for the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
+    // Look for the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
 
-      ld(tmp1_monitor, Address(xthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset));
-      ld(tmp4, Address(xthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset));
-      beq(obj, tmp4, monitor_found);
+    ld(tmp1_monitor, Address(xthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset));
+    ld(tmp4, Address(xthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset));
+    beq(obj, tmp4, monitor_found);
 
-      // Look for the monitor in the table.
+    // Look for the monitor in the table.
 
-      // Get the hash code.
-      srli(tmp2_hash, tmp2_hash, markWord::hash_shift);
+    // Get the hash code.
+    srli(tmp2_hash, tmp2_hash, markWord::hash_shift);
 
-      // Get the table and calculate the bucket's address.
-      la(tmp3_t, ExternalAddress(ObjectMonitorTable::current_table_address()));
-      ld(tmp3_t, Address(tmp3_t));
-      ld(tmp1, Address(tmp3_t, ObjectMonitorTable::table_capacity_mask_offset()));
-      andr(tmp2_hash, tmp2_hash, tmp1);
-      ld(tmp3_t, Address(tmp3_t, ObjectMonitorTable::table_buckets_offset()));
+    // Get the table and calculate the bucket's address.
+    la(tmp3_t, ExternalAddress(ObjectMonitorTable::current_table_address()));
+    ld(tmp3_t, Address(tmp3_t));
+    ld(tmp1, Address(tmp3_t, ObjectMonitorTable::table_capacity_mask_offset()));
+    andr(tmp2_hash, tmp2_hash, tmp1);
+    ld(tmp3_t, Address(tmp3_t, ObjectMonitorTable::table_buckets_offset()));
 
-      // Read the monitor from the bucket.
-      shadd(tmp3_bucket, tmp2_hash, tmp3_t, tmp4, LogBytesPerWord);
-      ld(tmp1_monitor, Address(tmp3_bucket));
+    // Read the monitor from the bucket.
+    shadd(tmp3_bucket, tmp2_hash, tmp3_t, tmp4, LogBytesPerWord);
+    ld(tmp1_monitor, Address(tmp3_bucket));
 
-      // Check if the monitor in the bucket is special (empty, tombstone or removed).
-      mv(tmp2, ObjectMonitorTable::SpecialPointerValues::below_is_special);
-      bltu(tmp1_monitor, tmp2, slow_path);
+    // Check if the monitor in the bucket is special (empty, tombstone or removed).
+    mv(tmp2, ObjectMonitorTable::SpecialPointerValues::below_is_special);
+    bltu(tmp1_monitor, tmp2, slow_path);
 
-      // Check if object matches.
-      ld(tmp3, Address(tmp1_monitor, ObjectMonitor::object_offset()));
-      BarrierSetAssembler* bs_asm = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
-      bs_asm->try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(this, tmp3, tmp3, tmp2, slow_path);
-      bne(tmp3, obj, slow_path);
+    // Check if object matches.
+    ld(tmp3, Address(tmp1_monitor, ObjectMonitor::object_offset()));
+    BarrierSetAssembler* bs_asm = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
+    bs_asm->try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(this, tmp3, tmp3, tmp2, slow_path);
+    bne(tmp3, obj, slow_path);
 
-      // Store the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
-      sd(tmp1_monitor, Address(xthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset));
-      sd(obj, Address(xthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset));
+    // Store the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
+    sd(tmp1_monitor, Address(xthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset));
+    sd(obj, Address(xthread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset));
 
-      bind(monitor_found);
-    }
+    bind(monitor_found);
 
     const Register tmp2_owner_addr = tmp2;
     const Register tmp3_owner = tmp3;
 
-    const ByteSize monitor_tag = in_ByteSize(UseObjectMonitorTable ? 0 : checked_cast<int>(markWord::monitor_value));
-    const Address owner_address(tmp1_monitor, ObjectMonitor::owner_offset() - monitor_tag);
-    const Address recursions_address(tmp1_monitor, ObjectMonitor::recursions_offset() - monitor_tag);
+    const Address owner_address(tmp1_monitor, ObjectMonitor::owner_offset());
+    const Address recursions_address(tmp1_monitor, ObjectMonitor::recursions_offset());
 
     Label monitor_locked;
 
@@ -224,10 +217,8 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box,
     increment(recursions_address, 1, tmp2, tmp3);
 
     bind(monitor_locked);
-    if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      // Cache the monitor for unlock.
-      sd(tmp1_monitor, Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()));
-    }
+    // Cache the monitor for unlock.
+    sd(tmp1_monitor, Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()));
   }
 
   bind(locked);
@@ -300,7 +291,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_unlock(Register obj, Register box,
     // there will be no monitor in the box. So we need to push back the obj
     // so that the runtime can fix any potential anonymous owner.
     test_bit(tmp3_t, tmp1_mark, exact_log2(markWord::monitor_value));
-    bnez(tmp3_t, UseObjectMonitorTable ? push_and_slow_path : inflated);
+    bnez(tmp3_t, push_and_slow_path);
 
     // Try to unlock. Transition lock bits 0b00 => 0b01
     assert(oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes() == 0, "required to avoid lea");
@@ -344,16 +335,10 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_unlock(Register obj, Register box,
 
     const Register tmp1_monitor = tmp1;
 
-    if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      assert(tmp1_monitor == tmp1_mark, "should be the same here");
-      // Untag the monitor.
-      subi(tmp1_monitor, tmp1_mark, (int)markWord::monitor_value);
-    } else {
-      ld(tmp1_monitor, Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()));
-      // No valid pointer below alignof(ObjectMonitor*). Take the slow path.
-      mv(tmp3_t, alignof(ObjectMonitor*));
-      bltu(tmp1_monitor, tmp3_t, slow_path);
-    }
+    ld(tmp1_monitor, Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()));
+    // No valid pointer below alignof(ObjectMonitor*). Take the slow path.
+    mv(tmp3_t, alignof(ObjectMonitor*));
+    bltu(tmp1_monitor, tmp3_t, slow_path);
 
     const Register tmp2_recursions = tmp2;
     Label not_recursive;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
index 61b9633a4ef..b6ac430a603 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -3765,16 +3765,6 @@ void MacroAssembler::test_oop_prototype_bit(Register oop, Register temp_reg, int
   assert_different_registers(temp_reg, t0);
   // load mark word
   ld(temp_reg, Address(oop, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
-  if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    Label test_mark_word;
-    // check displaced
-    test_bit(t0, temp_reg, exact_log2(markWord::unlocked_value));
-    bnez(t0, test_mark_word);
-    // slow path use klass prototype
-    load_prototype_header(temp_reg, oop);
-
-    bind(test_mark_word);
-  }
   andi(temp_reg, temp_reg, tst_bit);
   if (jmp_set) {
     bnez(temp_reg, jmp_label, /* is_far */ true);
@@ -7035,10 +7025,8 @@ void MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register basic_lock, Register obj, Register tmp1,
   // instruction emitted as it is part of C1's null check semantics.
   ld(mark, Address(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
 
-  if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    // Clear cache in case fast locking succeeds or we need to take the slow-path.
-    sd(zr, Address(basic_lock, BasicObjectLock::lock_offset() + in_ByteSize((BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()))));
-  }
+  // Clear cache in case fast locking succeeds or we need to take the slow-path.
+  sd(zr, Address(basic_lock, BasicObjectLock::lock_offset() + in_ByteSize((BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()))));
 
   if (DiagnoseSyncOnValueBasedClasses != 0) {
     load_klass(tmp1, obj);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp
index b434b3bd9ca..e8971e7630e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/macroAssembler_s390.cpp
@@ -4265,15 +4265,6 @@ void MacroAssembler::test_oop_prototype_bit(Register oop, Register temp_reg, int
   assert(test_bit <= 0xFFFF, "must fit in low 16 bits for z_tmll");
   // Load mark word
   z_lg(temp_reg, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes(), oop);
-  if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    Label test_mark_word;
-    // If unlocked bit is set we can directly use the mark word
-    z_tmll(temp_reg, markWord::unlocked_value);
-    z_brnaz(test_mark_word);
-    // Slow path: use klass prototype
-    load_prototype_header(temp_reg, oop);
-    bind(test_mark_word);
-  }
   z_tmll(temp_reg, test_bit);
   // Use branch_optimized to handle both near and far branches automatically
   branch_optimized(jmp_set ? Assembler::bcondNotAllZero : Assembler::bcondAllZero, jmp_label);
@@ -6357,11 +6348,9 @@ void MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register basic_lock, Register obj, Register temp1
   // instruction emitted as it is part of C1's null check semantics.
   z_lg(mark, Address(obj, mark_offset));
 
-  if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    // Clear cache in case fast locking succeeds or we need to take the slow-path.
-    const Address om_cache_addr = Address(basic_lock, BasicObjectLock::lock_offset() + in_ByteSize((BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes())));
-    z_mvghi(om_cache_addr, 0);
-  }
+  // Clear cache in case fast locking succeeds or we need to take the slow-path.
+  const Address om_cache_addr = Address(basic_lock, BasicObjectLock::lock_offset() + in_ByteSize((BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes())));
+  z_mvghi(om_cache_addr, 0);
 
   if (DiagnoseSyncOnValueBasedClasses != 0) {
     load_klass(temp1, obj);
@@ -6506,10 +6495,8 @@ void MacroAssembler::compiler_fast_lock_object(Register obj, Register box, Regis
   // Finish fast lock unsuccessfully. MUST branch to with flag == EQ
   NearLabel slow_path;
 
-  if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    // Clear cache in case fast locking succeeds or we need to take the slow-path.
-    z_mvghi(Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()), 0);
-  }
+  // Clear cache in case fast locking succeeds or we need to take the slow-path.
+  z_mvghi(Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()), 0);
 
   if (DiagnoseSyncOnValueBasedClasses != 0) {
     load_klass(tmp1, obj);
@@ -6587,61 +6574,57 @@ void MacroAssembler::compiler_fast_lock_object(Register obj, Register box, Regis
     const ByteSize omc_monitor_offset = OMCache::monitor_offset();
     const ByteSize omc_obj_offset     = OMCache::obj_offset();
 
-    if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      assert(tmp1_monitor == mark, "should be the same here");
-    } else {
-      const Register tmp1_bucket = tmp1;
-      const Register hash  = Z_R0_scratch;
-      NearLabel monitor_found;
+    const Register tmp1_bucket = tmp1;
+    const Register hash  = Z_R0_scratch;
+    NearLabel monitor_found;
 
-      // Save the mark, we might need it to extract the hash.
-      z_lgr(hash, mark);
+    // Save the mark, we might need it to extract the hash.
+    z_lgr(hash, mark);
 
-      // Look for the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
+    // Look for the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
 
-      z_lg(tmp1_monitor, Address(Z_thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset));
-      z_cg(obj, Address(Z_thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset));
-      z_bre(monitor_found);
+    z_lg(tmp1_monitor, Address(Z_thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset));
+    z_cg(obj, Address(Z_thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset));
+    z_bre(monitor_found);
 
-      // Get the hash code.
-      z_srlg(hash, hash, markWord::hash_shift);
+    // Get the hash code.
+    z_srlg(hash, hash, markWord::hash_shift);
 
-      // Get the table and calculate the bucket's address.
-      load_const_optimized(tmp2, ObjectMonitorTable::current_table_address());
-      z_lg(tmp2, Address(tmp2));
-      z_ng(hash, Address(tmp2, ObjectMonitorTable::table_capacity_mask_offset()));
-      z_lg(tmp1_bucket, Address(tmp2, ObjectMonitorTable::table_buckets_offset()));
-      z_sllg(hash, hash, LogBytesPerWord);
-      z_agr(tmp1_bucket, hash);
+    // Get the table and calculate the bucket's address.
+    load_const_optimized(tmp2, ObjectMonitorTable::current_table_address());
+    z_lg(tmp2, Address(tmp2));
+    z_ng(hash, Address(tmp2, ObjectMonitorTable::table_capacity_mask_offset()));
+    z_lg(tmp1_bucket, Address(tmp2, ObjectMonitorTable::table_buckets_offset()));
+    z_sllg(hash, hash, LogBytesPerWord);
+    z_agr(tmp1_bucket, hash);
 
-      // Read the monitor from the bucket.
-      z_lg(tmp1_monitor, Address(tmp1_bucket));
+    // Read the monitor from the bucket.
+    z_lg(tmp1_monitor, Address(tmp1_bucket));
 
-      // Check if the monitor in the bucket is special (empty, tombstone or removed).
-      z_clgfi(tmp1_monitor, ObjectMonitorTable::SpecialPointerValues::below_is_special);
-      z_brl(slow_path);
+    // Check if the monitor in the bucket is special (empty, tombstone or removed).
+    z_clgfi(tmp1_monitor, ObjectMonitorTable::SpecialPointerValues::below_is_special);
+    z_brl(slow_path);
 
-      // Check if object matches.
-      z_lg(tmp2, Address(tmp1_monitor, ObjectMonitor::object_offset()));
-      BarrierSetAssembler* bs_asm = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
-      bs_asm->try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(this, tmp2, tmp2, Z_R0_scratch, slow_path);
-      z_cgr(obj, tmp2);
-      z_brne(slow_path);
+    // Check if object matches.
+    z_lg(tmp2, Address(tmp1_monitor, ObjectMonitor::object_offset()));
+    BarrierSetAssembler* bs_asm = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
+    bs_asm->try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(this, tmp2, tmp2, Z_R0_scratch, slow_path);
+    z_cgr(obj, tmp2);
+    z_brne(slow_path);
 
-      // Store the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
-      z_stg(tmp1_monitor, Address(Z_thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset));
-      z_stg(obj, Address(Z_thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset));
+    // Store the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
+    z_stg(tmp1_monitor, Address(Z_thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset));
+    z_stg(obj, Address(Z_thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset));
+
+    bind(monitor_found);
 
-      bind(monitor_found);
-    }
     NearLabel monitor_locked;
     // lock the monitor
 
     const Register zero           = tmp2;
 
-    const ByteSize monitor_tag = in_ByteSize(UseObjectMonitorTable ? 0 : checked_cast<int>(markWord::monitor_value));
-    const Address owner_address(tmp1_monitor, ObjectMonitor::owner_offset() - monitor_tag);
-    const Address recursions_address(tmp1_monitor, ObjectMonitor::recursions_offset() - monitor_tag);
+    const Address owner_address(tmp1_monitor, ObjectMonitor::owner_offset());
+    const Address recursions_address(tmp1_monitor, ObjectMonitor::recursions_offset());
 
     // Try to CAS owner (no owner => current thread's _monitor_owner_id).
     // If csg succeeds then CR=EQ, otherwise, register zero is filled
@@ -6659,10 +6642,8 @@ void MacroAssembler::compiler_fast_lock_object(Register obj, Register box, Regis
     z_agsi(recursions_address, 1ll);
 
     bind(monitor_locked);
-    if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      // Cache the monitor for unlock.
-      z_stg(tmp1_monitor, Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()));
-    }
+    // Cache the monitor for unlock.
+    z_stg(tmp1_monitor, Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()));
     // set the CC now
     z_cgr(obj, obj);
   }
@@ -6739,11 +6720,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::compiler_fast_unlock_object(Register obj, Register box, Reg
     // so that the runtime can fix any potential anonymous owner.
     z_lg(mark, Address(obj, mark_offset));
     z_tmll(mark, markWord::monitor_value);
-    if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      z_brnaz(inflated);
-    } else {
-      z_brnaz(push_and_slow_path);
-    }
+    z_brnaz(push_and_slow_path);
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
     // Check header not unlocked (0b01).
@@ -6802,25 +6779,20 @@ void MacroAssembler::compiler_fast_unlock_object(Register obj, Register box, Reg
 
     const Register tmp1_monitor = tmp1;
 
-    if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      assert(tmp1_monitor == mark, "should be the same here");
-    } else {
-      // Uses ObjectMonitorTable.  Look for the monitor in our BasicLock on the stack.
-      z_lg(tmp1_monitor, Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()));
-      // null check with ZF == 0, no valid pointer below alignof(ObjectMonitor*)
-      z_cghi(tmp1_monitor, alignof(ObjectMonitor*));
+    // Uses ObjectMonitorTable.  Look for the monitor in our BasicLock on the stack.
+    z_lg(tmp1_monitor, Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()));
+    // null check with ZF == 0, no valid pointer below alignof(ObjectMonitor*)
+    z_cghi(tmp1_monitor, alignof(ObjectMonitor*));
 
-      z_brl(slow_path);
-    }
+    z_brl(slow_path);
 
     // mark contains the tagged ObjectMonitor*.
     const Register monitor = mark;
 
-    const ByteSize monitor_tag = in_ByteSize(UseObjectMonitorTable ? 0 : checked_cast<int>(markWord::monitor_value));
-    const Address recursions_address{monitor, ObjectMonitor::recursions_offset() - monitor_tag};
-    const Address succ_address{monitor, ObjectMonitor::succ_offset() - monitor_tag};
-    const Address entry_list_address{monitor, ObjectMonitor::entry_list_offset() - monitor_tag};
-    const Address owner_address{monitor, ObjectMonitor::owner_offset() - monitor_tag};
+    const Address recursions_address{monitor, ObjectMonitor::recursions_offset()};
+    const Address succ_address{monitor, ObjectMonitor::succ_offset()};
+    const Address entry_list_address{monitor, ObjectMonitor::entry_list_offset()};
+    const Address owner_address{monitor, ObjectMonitor::owner_offset()};
 
     NearLabel not_recursive;
     const Register recursions = tmp2;
@@ -6856,9 +6828,6 @@ void MacroAssembler::compiler_fast_unlock_object(Register obj, Register box, Reg
 
     // Save the monitor pointer in the current thread, so we can try to
     // reacquire the lock in SharedRuntime::monitor_exit_helper().
-    if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      z_xilf(monitor, markWord::monitor_value);
-    }
     z_stg(monitor, Address(Z_thread, JavaThread::unlocked_inflated_monitor_offset()));
 
     z_ltgr(obj, obj); // Set flag = NE
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp
index d503edce992..6e08f438a4a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -276,10 +276,8 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box, Register rax_reg,
   // Finish fast lock unsuccessfully. MUST jump with ZF == 0
   Label slow_path;
 
-  if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    // Clear cache in case fast locking succeeds or we need to take the slow-path.
-    movptr(Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()), 0);
-  }
+  // Clear cache in case fast locking succeeds or we need to take the slow-path.
+  movptr(Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()), 0);
 
   if (DiagnoseSyncOnValueBasedClasses != 0) {
     load_klass(rax_reg, obj, t);
@@ -293,7 +291,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box, Register rax_reg,
 
     Label push;
 
-    const Register top = UseObjectMonitorTable ? rax_reg : box;
+    const Register top = rax_reg;
 
     // Load the mark.
     movptr(mark, Address(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
@@ -320,10 +318,9 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box, Register rax_reg,
     lock(); cmpxchgptr(mark, Address(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
     jcc(Assembler::notEqual, slow_path);
 
-    if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      // Need to reload top, clobbered by CAS.
-      movl(top, Address(thread, JavaThread::lock_stack_top_offset()));
-    }
+    // Need to reload top, clobbered by CAS.
+    movl(top, Address(thread, JavaThread::lock_stack_top_offset()));
+
     bind(push);
     // After successful lock, push object on lock-stack.
     movptr(Address(thread, top), obj);
@@ -340,63 +337,57 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register obj, Register box, Register rax_reg,
     const ByteSize omc_monitor_offset = OMCache::monitor_offset();
     const ByteSize omc_obj_offset     = OMCache::obj_offset();
 
-    if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      assert(mark == monitor, "should be the same here");
-    } else {
-      const Register hash = t;
-      Label monitor_found;
+    const Register hash = t;
+    Label monitor_found;
 
-      // Look for the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
+    // Look for the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
 
-      movptr(monitor, Address(thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset));
-      cmpptr(obj, Address(thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset));
-      jccb(Assembler::equal, monitor_found);
+    movptr(monitor, Address(thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset));
+    cmpptr(obj, Address(thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset));
+    jccb(Assembler::equal, monitor_found);
 
-      // Look for the monitor in the table.
+    // Look for the monitor in the table.
 
-      // Get the hash code.
-      movptr(hash, Address(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
-      shrq(hash, markWord::hash_shift);
-      andq(hash, markWord::hash_mask);
+    // Get the hash code.
+    movptr(hash, Address(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
+    shrq(hash, markWord::hash_shift);
+    andq(hash, markWord::hash_mask);
 
-      // Get the table and calculate the bucket's address.
-      lea(rax_reg, ExternalAddress(ObjectMonitorTable::current_table_address()));
-      movptr(rax_reg, Address(rax_reg));
-      andq(hash, Address(rax_reg, ObjectMonitorTable::table_capacity_mask_offset()));
-      movptr(rax_reg, Address(rax_reg, ObjectMonitorTable::table_buckets_offset()));
+    // Get the table and calculate the bucket's address.
+    lea(rax_reg, ExternalAddress(ObjectMonitorTable::current_table_address()));
+    movptr(rax_reg, Address(rax_reg));
+    andq(hash, Address(rax_reg, ObjectMonitorTable::table_capacity_mask_offset()));
+    movptr(rax_reg, Address(rax_reg, ObjectMonitorTable::table_buckets_offset()));
 
-      // Read the monitor from the bucket.
-      movptr(monitor, Address(rax_reg, hash, Address::times_ptr));
+    // Read the monitor from the bucket.
+    movptr(monitor, Address(rax_reg, hash, Address::times_ptr));
 
-      // Check if the monitor in the bucket is special (empty, tombstone or removed)
-      cmpptr(monitor, ObjectMonitorTable::SpecialPointerValues::below_is_special);
-      jcc(Assembler::below, slow_path);
+    // Check if the monitor in the bucket is special (empty, tombstone or removed)
+    cmpptr(monitor, ObjectMonitorTable::SpecialPointerValues::below_is_special);
+    jcc(Assembler::below, slow_path);
 
-      // Check if object matches.
-      movptr(rax_reg, Address(monitor, ObjectMonitor::object_offset()));
-      BarrierSetAssembler* bs_asm = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
-      bs_asm->try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(this, rax_reg, rax_reg, slow_path);
-      cmpptr(rax_reg, obj);
-      jcc(Assembler::notEqual, slow_path);
+    // Check if object matches.
+    movptr(rax_reg, Address(monitor, ObjectMonitor::object_offset()));
+    BarrierSetAssembler* bs_asm = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
+    bs_asm->try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(this, rax_reg, rax_reg, slow_path);
+    cmpptr(rax_reg, obj);
+    jcc(Assembler::notEqual, slow_path);
 
-      // Store the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
-      movptr(Address(thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset), monitor);
-      movptr(Address(thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset), obj);
+    // Store the monitor in the current thread's object monitor cache (omc).
+    movptr(Address(thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_monitor_offset), monitor);
+    movptr(Address(thread, thr_omc_offset + omc_obj_offset), obj);
 
-      bind(monitor_found);
-    }
-    const ByteSize monitor_tag = in_ByteSize(UseObjectMonitorTable ? 0 : checked_cast<int>(markWord::monitor_value));
-    const Address recursions_address(monitor, ObjectMonitor::recursions_offset() - monitor_tag);
-    const Address owner_address(monitor, ObjectMonitor::owner_offset() - monitor_tag);
+    bind(monitor_found);
+
+    const Address recursions_address(monitor, ObjectMonitor::recursions_offset());
+    const Address owner_address(monitor, ObjectMonitor::owner_offset());
 
     Label monitor_locked;
     // Lock the monitor.
 
-    if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      // Cache the monitor for unlock before trashing box. On failure to acquire
-      // the lock, the slow path will reset the entry accordingly (see CacheSetter).
-      movptr(Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()), monitor);
-    }
+    // Cache the monitor for unlock before trashing box. On failure to acquire
+    // the lock, the slow path will reset the entry accordingly (see CacheSetter).
+    movptr(Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()), monitor);
 
     // Try to CAS owner (no owner => current thread's _monitor_owner_id).
     xorptr(rax_reg, rax_reg);
@@ -481,7 +472,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_unlock(Register obj, Register reg_rax, Register t,
 
   const Register mark = t;
   const Register monitor = t;
-  const Register top = UseObjectMonitorTable ? t : reg_rax;
+  const Register top = t;
   const Register box = reg_rax;
 
   Label dummy;
@@ -499,11 +490,6 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_unlock(Register obj, Register reg_rax, Register t,
     // Load top.
     movl(top, Address(thread, JavaThread::lock_stack_top_offset()));
 
-    if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      // Prefetch mark.
-      movptr(mark, Address(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
-    }
-
     // Check if obj is top of lock-stack.
     cmpptr(obj, Address(thread, top, Address::times_1, -oopSize));
     // Top of lock stack was not obj. Must be monitor.
@@ -519,10 +505,8 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_unlock(Register obj, Register reg_rax, Register t,
 
     // We elide the monitor check, let the CAS fail instead.
 
-    if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      // Load mark.
-      movptr(mark, Address(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
-    }
+    // Load mark.
+    movptr(mark, Address(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
 
     // Try to unlock. Transition lock bits 0b00 => 0b01
     movptr(reg_rax, mark);
@@ -545,9 +529,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_unlock(Register obj, Register reg_rax, Register t,
     jcc(Assembler::notEqual, inflated_check_lock_stack);
     stop("Fast Unlock lock on stack");
     bind(check_done);
-    if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      movptr(mark, Address(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
-    }
+    movptr(mark, Address(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
     testptr(mark, markWord::monitor_value);
     jcc(Assembler::notZero, inflated);
     stop("Fast Unlock not monitor");
@@ -555,20 +537,16 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_unlock(Register obj, Register reg_rax, Register t,
 
     bind(inflated);
 
-    if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      assert(mark == monitor, "should be the same here");
-    } else {
-      // Uses ObjectMonitorTable.  Look for the monitor in our BasicLock on the stack.
-      movptr(monitor, Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()));
-      // null check with ZF == 0, no valid pointer below alignof(ObjectMonitor*)
-      cmpptr(monitor, alignof(ObjectMonitor*));
-      jcc(Assembler::below, slow_path);
-    }
-    const ByteSize monitor_tag = in_ByteSize(UseObjectMonitorTable ? 0 : checked_cast<int>(markWord::monitor_value));
-    const Address recursions_address{monitor, ObjectMonitor::recursions_offset() - monitor_tag};
-    const Address succ_address{monitor, ObjectMonitor::succ_offset() - monitor_tag};
-    const Address entry_list_address{monitor, ObjectMonitor::entry_list_offset() - monitor_tag};
-    const Address owner_address{monitor, ObjectMonitor::owner_offset() - monitor_tag};
+    // Uses ObjectMonitorTable.  Look for the monitor in our BasicLock on the stack.
+    movptr(monitor, Address(box, BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()));
+    // null check with ZF == 0, no valid pointer below alignof(ObjectMonitor*)
+    cmpptr(monitor, alignof(ObjectMonitor*));
+    jcc(Assembler::below, slow_path);
+
+    const Address recursions_address{monitor, ObjectMonitor::recursions_offset()};
+    const Address succ_address{monitor, ObjectMonitor::succ_offset()};
+    const Address entry_list_address{monitor, ObjectMonitor::entry_list_offset()};
+    const Address owner_address{monitor, ObjectMonitor::owner_offset()};
 
     Label recursive;
 
@@ -593,9 +571,6 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::fast_unlock(Register obj, Register reg_rax, Register t,
 
     // Save the monitor pointer in the current thread, so we can try to
     // reacquire the lock in SharedRuntime::monitor_exit_helper().
-    if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      andptr(monitor, ~(int32_t)markWord::monitor_value);
-    }
     movptr(Address(thread, JavaThread::unlocked_inflated_monitor_offset()), monitor);
 
     orl(t, 1); // Fast Unlock ZF = 0
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
index cedf086ef36..d5b39f8b0eb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -2444,18 +2444,6 @@ void MacroAssembler::test_field_is_flat(Register flags, Register temp_reg, Label
 void MacroAssembler::test_oop_prototype_bit(Register oop, Register temp_reg, int32_t test_bit, bool jmp_set, Label& jmp_label) {
   // load mark word
   movptr(temp_reg, Address(oop, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
-  if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    Label test_mark_word;
-    // check displaced
-    testl(temp_reg, markWord::unlocked_value);
-    jccb(Assembler::notZero, test_mark_word);
-    // slow path use klass prototype
-    push(rscratch1);
-    load_prototype_header(temp_reg, oop, rscratch1);
-    pop(rscratch1);
-
-    bind(test_mark_word);
-  }
   testl(temp_reg, test_bit);
   jcc((jmp_set) ? Assembler::notZero : Assembler::zero, jmp_label);
 }
@@ -10611,10 +10599,8 @@ void MacroAssembler::fast_lock(Register basic_lock, Register obj, Register reg_r
   // instruction emitted as it is part of C1's null check semantics.
   movptr(reg_rax, Address(obj, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
 
-  if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    // Clear cache in case fast locking succeeds or we need to take the slow-path.
-    movptr(Address(basic_lock, BasicObjectLock::lock_offset() + in_ByteSize((BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()))), 0);
-  }
+  // Clear cache in case fast locking succeeds or we need to take the slow-path.
+  movptr(Address(basic_lock, BasicObjectLock::lock_offset() + in_ByteSize((BasicLock::object_monitor_cache_offset_in_bytes()))), 0);
 
   if (DiagnoseSyncOnValueBasedClasses != 0) {
     load_klass(tmp, obj, rscratch1);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86.cpp
index 17fdfa61d36..478283bc77a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -59,12 +59,6 @@ void SharedRuntime::inline_check_hashcode_from_object_header(MacroAssembler* mas
 
   __ movptr(result, Address(obj_reg, oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes()));
 
-  if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    // check if monitor
-    __ testptr(result, markWord::monitor_value);
-    __ jcc(Assembler::notZero, slowCase);
-  }
-
   // get hash
   // Read the header and build a mask to get its hash field.
   // Depend on hash_mask being at most 32 bits and avoid the use of hash_mask_in_place
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahArguments.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahArguments.cpp
index ac5c4d0c8a7..e14c9201c38 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahArguments.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahArguments.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2018, 2022, Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -44,16 +44,6 @@ void ShenandoahArguments::initialize() {
   vm_exit_during_initialization("Shenandoah GC is not supported on this platform.");
 #endif
 
-  // Shenandoah relies on the object header bits (including the self-forwarded bit
-  // at markWord::self_fwd_mask_in_place) being preserved across monitor inflation,
-  // which only holds with UseObjectMonitorTable.
-  if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseObjectMonitorTable)) {
-      vm_exit_during_initialization("Shenandoah requires UseObjectMonitorTable");
-    }
-    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseObjectMonitorTable, true);
-  }
-
 #if 0 // leave this block as stepping stone for future platforms
   log_warning(gc)("Shenandoah GC is not fully supported on this platform:");
   log_warning(gc)("  concurrent modes are not supported, only STW cycles are enabled;");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp
index b3c847cadaf..a34a91c6d86 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2015, 2020, Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -330,15 +330,6 @@ void ShenandoahHeap::increase_object_age(oop obj, uint additional_age) {
 uint ShenandoahHeap::get_object_age(oop obj) {
   markWord w = obj->mark();
   assert(!w.is_marked(), "must not be forwarded");
-  if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    assert(w.age() <= markWord::max_age, "Impossible!");
-    return w.age();
-  }
-  if (w.has_monitor()) {
-    w = w.monitor()->header();
-  } else {
-    assert(!w.has_displaced_mark_helper(), "Mark word should not be displaced");
-  }
   assert(w.age() <= markWord::max_age, "Impossible!");
   return w.age();
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/markWord.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/markWord.cpp
index 7d403660f8b..2201633b160 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/markWord.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/markWord.cpp
@@ -57,14 +57,6 @@ void markWord::print_on(outputStream* st, bool print_monitor_info) const {
     // have to check has_monitor() before is_locked()
     // Valhalla: inline types/arrays can't be monitored
     st->print(" monitor(" INTPTR_FORMAT ")=", value());
-    if (print_monitor_info && !UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      ObjectMonitor* mon = monitor();
-      if (mon == nullptr) {
-        st->print("null (this should never be seen!)");
-      } else {
-        mon->print_on(st);
-      }
-    }
   } else if (is_locked()) {  // last bits != 01 => 00
     // thin locked
     // Valhalla: inline types can not possess an object monitor
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/markWord.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/markWord.hpp
index 789d206f57c..42ced7df0b2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/markWord.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/markWord.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "oops/compressedKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp"
 #include "runtime/globals.hpp"
+#include "utilities/debug.hpp"
 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
 
 // The markWord describes the header of an object.
@@ -53,8 +54,7 @@
 //
 //    [header          | 00]  locked             locked regular object header (fast-locking in use)
 //    [header          | 01]  unlocked           regular object header
-//    [header          | 10]  monitor            inflated lock (UseObjectMonitorTable == true)
-//    [ptr             | 10]  monitor            inflated lock (UseObjectMonitorTable == false, header is swapped out)
+//    [header          | 10]  monitor            inflated lock
 //    [ptr             | 11]  marked             used to mark an object (header is swapped out)
 //
 //  - self-fwd - used by some GCs to indicate in-place forwarding.
@@ -254,21 +254,19 @@ class markWord {
     return markWord((value() & ~lock_mask_in_place) | monitor_value);
   }
   ObjectMonitor* monitor() const {
-    assert(has_monitor(), "check");
-    assert(!UseObjectMonitorTable, "Locking with OM table does not use markWord for monitors");
-    // Use xor instead of &~ to provide one extra tag-bit check.
-    return (ObjectMonitor*) (value() ^ monitor_value);
+    // Locking with OM table does not use markWord for monitors.
+    ShouldNotCallThis();
+    return (ObjectMonitor*) nullptr;
   }
 
   static markWord encode(ObjectMonitor* monitor) {
-    assert(!UseObjectMonitorTable, "Locking with OM table does not use markWord for monitors");
-    uintptr_t tmp = (uintptr_t) monitor;
-    return markWord(tmp | monitor_value);
+    // Locking with OM table does not use markWord for monitors.
+    ShouldNotCallThis();
+    return markWord(0);
   }
 
   bool has_monitor_pointer() const {
-    intptr_t lockbits = value() & lock_mask_in_place;
-    return !UseObjectMonitorTable && lockbits == monitor_value;
+    return false; // Locking with OM table does not use markWord for monitors.
   }
 
   bool has_displaced_mark_helper() const {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
index babd84a0097..ab1ba7cce1c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
@@ -5560,19 +5560,6 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_hashcode(bool is_virtual, bool is_static) {
   Node* no_ctrl = nullptr;
   Node* header = make_load(no_ctrl, header_addr, TypeX_X, TypeX_X->basic_type(), MemNode::unordered);
 
-  if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    // Test the header to see if it is safe to read w.r.t. locking.
-    // We cannot use the inline type mask as this may check bits that are overridden
-    // by an object monitor's pointer when inflating locking.
-    Node *lock_mask      = _gvn.MakeConX(markWord::lock_mask_in_place);
-    Node *lmasked_header = _gvn.transform(new AndXNode(header, lock_mask));
-    Node *monitor_val   = _gvn.MakeConX(markWord::monitor_value);
-    Node *chk_monitor   = _gvn.transform(new CmpXNode(lmasked_header, monitor_val));
-    Node *test_monitor  = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(chk_monitor, BoolTest::eq));
-
-    generate_slow_guard(test_monitor, slow_region);
-  }
-
   // Get the hash value and check to see that it has been properly assigned.
   // We depend on hash_mask being at most 32 bits and avoid the use of
   // hash_mask_in_place because it could be larger than 32 bits in a 64-bit
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp
index af8d0928b20..0f931099dd4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp
@@ -3442,17 +3442,6 @@ jint Arguments::parse(const JavaVMInitArgs* initial_cmd_args) {
   return JNI_OK;
 }
 
-void Arguments::set_compact_headers_flags() {
-#ifdef _LP64
-  if (UseCompactObjectHeaders && !UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseObjectMonitorTable)) {
-      warning("-UseObjectMonitorTable is incompatible with +UseCompactObjectHeaders; ignoring -UseObjectMonitorTable");
-    }
-    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseObjectMonitorTable, true);
-  }
-#endif
-}
-
 jint Arguments::apply_ergo() {
   // Set flags based on ergonomics.
   jint result = set_ergonomics_flags();
@@ -3463,8 +3452,6 @@ jint Arguments::apply_ergo() {
 
   GCConfig::arguments()->initialize();
 
-  set_compact_headers_flags();
-
   CompressedKlassPointers::pre_initialize();
 
   CDSConfig::ergo_initialize();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.hpp
index 243349a4f0c..bda1de4edea 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.hpp
@@ -262,7 +262,6 @@ class Arguments : AllStatic {
   static void set_conservative_max_heap_alignment();
   static void set_use_compressed_oops();
   static jint set_ergonomics_flags();
-  static void set_compact_headers_flags();
 
   // Bytecode rewriting
   static void set_bytecode_flags();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/basicLock.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/basicLock.cpp
index 4a6e7402dfa..73f9cc94b0a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/basicLock.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/basicLock.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,11 +29,9 @@
 
 void BasicLock::print_on(outputStream* st, oop owner) const {
   st->print("monitor");
-  if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    ObjectMonitor* mon = object_monitor_cache();
-    if (mon != nullptr) {
-      mon->print_on(st);
-    }
+  ObjectMonitor* mon = object_monitor_cache();
+  if (mon != nullptr) {
+    mon->print_on(st);
   }
 }
 
@@ -66,15 +64,8 @@ void BasicLock::move_to(oop obj, BasicLock* dest) {
   // small (given the support for inflated fast-path locking in the fast_lock, etc)
   // we'll leave that optimization for another time.
 
-  if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    // Preserve the ObjectMonitor*, the cache is cleared when a box is reused
-    // and only read while the lock is held, so no stale ObjectMonitor* is
-    // encountered.
-    dest->set_object_monitor_cache(object_monitor_cache());
-  }
-#ifdef ASSERT
-  else {
-    dest->set_bad_monitor_deopt();
-  }
-#endif
+  // Preserve the ObjectMonitor*, the cache is cleared when a box is reused
+  // and only read while the lock is held, so no stale ObjectMonitor* is
+  // encountered.
+  dest->set_object_monitor_cache(object_monitor_cache());
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/basicLock.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/basicLock.inline.hpp
index 9f0f26ee957..29c7b65d190 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/basicLock.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/basicLock.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@
 #include "runtime/objectMonitor.inline.hpp"
 
 inline ObjectMonitor* BasicLock::object_monitor_cache() const {
-  assert(UseObjectMonitorTable, "must be");
 #if !defined(ZERO) && (defined(X86) || defined(AARCH64) || defined(RISCV64) || defined(PPC64) || defined(S390))
   return reinterpret_cast<ObjectMonitor*>(get_monitor());
 #else
@@ -42,12 +41,10 @@ inline ObjectMonitor* BasicLock::object_monitor_cache() const {
 }
 
 inline void BasicLock::clear_object_monitor_cache() {
-  assert(UseObjectMonitorTable, "must be");
   set_monitor(nullptr);
 }
 
 inline void BasicLock::set_object_monitor_cache(ObjectMonitor* mon) {
-  assert(UseObjectMonitorTable, "must be");
   set_monitor(mon);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp
index 1364133d8ec..bcf86d0f6a3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp
@@ -1481,15 +1481,7 @@ bool Deoptimization::relock_objects(JavaThread* thread, GrowableArray<MonitorInf
             ObjectMonitor* waiting_monitor = deoptee_thread->current_waiting_monitor();
             if (waiting_monitor != nullptr && waiting_monitor->object() == obj()) {
               assert(fr.is_deoptimized_frame(), "frame must be scheduled for deoptimization");
-              if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-                mon_info->lock()->clear_object_monitor_cache();
-              }
-#ifdef ASSERT
-              else {
-                assert(!UseObjectMonitorTable, "must be");
-                mon_info->lock()->set_bad_monitor_deopt();
-              }
-#endif
+              mon_info->lock()->clear_object_monitor_cache();
               JvmtiDeferredUpdates::inc_relock_count_after_wait(deoptee_thread);
               continue;
             }
@@ -1499,12 +1491,9 @@ bool Deoptimization::relock_objects(JavaThread* thread, GrowableArray<MonitorInf
         // We have lost information about the correct state of the lock stack.
         // Entering may create an invalid lock stack. Inflate the lock if it
         // was fast_locked to restore the valid lock stack.
-        if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-          // UseObjectMonitorTable expects the BasicLock cache to be either a
-          // valid ObjectMonitor* or nullptr. Right now it is garbage, set it
-          // to nullptr.
-          lock->clear_object_monitor_cache();
-        }
+        // The BasicLock cache is expected to be either a valid ObjectMonitor*
+        // or nullptr. Right now it is garbage, hence we set it to nullptr.
+        lock->clear_object_monitor_cache();
         ObjectSynchronizer::enter_for(obj, lock, deoptee_thread);
         if (deoptee_thread->lock_stack().contains(obj())) {
             ObjectSynchronizer::inflate_fast_locked_object(obj(), ObjectSynchronizer::InflateCause::inflate_cause_vm_internal,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
index 26756ea0022..89b8fd11c94 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
@@ -1985,10 +1985,6 @@ const int ObjectAlignmentInBytes = 8;
              "Mark all threads after a safepoint, and clear on a modify "   \
              "fence. Add cleanliness checks.")                              \
                                                                             \
-  product(bool, UseObjectMonitorTable, true, DIAGNOSTIC,                    \
-          "Use a table to record inflated monitors rather than the first "  \
-          "word of the object.")                                            \
-                                                                            \
   product(int, FastLockingSpins, 8, DIAGNOSTIC,                             \
           "Specifies the number of times fast locking will attempt to "     \
           "CAS the markWord before inflating. Between each CAS it will "    \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.inline.hpp
index 5b4556b5666..a5a3f9990cf 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.inline.hpp
@@ -258,7 +258,6 @@ inline InstanceKlass* JavaThread::class_being_initialized() const {
 }
 
 inline void JavaThread::om_set_monitor_cache(ObjectMonitor* monitor) {
-  assert(UseObjectMonitorTable, "must be");
   assert(monitor != nullptr, "use om_clear_monitor_cache to clear");
   assert(this == current() || monitor->has_owner(this), "only add owned monitors for other threads");
   assert(this == current() || is_obj_deopt_suspend(), "thread must not run concurrently");
@@ -267,9 +266,7 @@ inline void JavaThread::om_set_monitor_cache(ObjectMonitor* monitor) {
 }
 
 inline void JavaThread::om_clear_monitor_cache() {
-  if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    _om_cache.clear();
-  }
+  _om_cache.clear();
 }
 
 inline ObjectMonitor* JavaThread::om_get_from_monitor_cache(oop obj) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/objectMonitor.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/objectMonitor.cpp
index 22cc0c84891..ee74afcaf1f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/objectMonitor.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/objectMonitor.cpp
@@ -344,25 +344,11 @@ void ObjectMonitor::ExitOnSuspend::operator()(JavaThread* current) {
   }
 }
 
-#define assert_mark_word_consistency()                                         \
-  assert(UseObjectMonitorTable || object()->mark() == markWord::encode(this),  \
-         "object mark must match encoded this: mark=" INTPTR_FORMAT            \
-         ", encoded this=" INTPTR_FORMAT, object()->mark().value(),            \
-         markWord::encode(this).value());
-
 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Enter support
 
 bool ObjectMonitor::enter_is_async_deflating() {
   if (is_being_async_deflated()) {
-    if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      const oop l_object = object();
-      if (l_object != nullptr) {
-        // Attempt to restore the header/dmw to the object's header so that
-        // we only retry once if the deflater thread happens to be slow.
-        install_displaced_markword_in_object(l_object);
-      }
-    }
     return true;
   }
 
@@ -489,7 +475,6 @@ bool ObjectMonitor::spin_enter(JavaThread* current) {
   if (try_spin(current)) {
     assert(has_owner(current), "must be current: owner=" INT64_FORMAT, owner_raw());
     assert(_recursions == 0, "must be 0: recursions=%zd", _recursions);
-    assert_mark_word_consistency();
     return true;
   }
 
@@ -629,7 +614,6 @@ void ObjectMonitor::enter_with_contention_mark(JavaThread* current, ObjectMonito
   assert(_recursions == 0, "invariant");
   assert(has_owner(current), "invariant");
   assert(!has_successor(current), "invariant");
-  assert_mark_word_consistency();
 
   // The thread -- now the owner -- is back in vm mode.
   // Report the glorious news via TI,DTrace and jvmstat.
@@ -856,12 +840,7 @@ bool ObjectMonitor::deflate_monitor(Thread* current) {
     }
   }
 
-  if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    ObjectSynchronizer::deflate_monitor(obj, this);
-  } else if (obj != nullptr) {
-    // Install the old mark word if nobody else has already done it.
-    install_displaced_markword_in_object(obj);
-  }
+  ObjectSynchronizer::deflate_monitor(obj, this);
 
   if (event.should_commit()) {
     post_monitor_deflate_event(&event, obj);
@@ -872,60 +851,6 @@ bool ObjectMonitor::deflate_monitor(Thread* current) {
   return true;  // Success, ObjectMonitor has been deflated.
 }
 
-// Install the displaced mark word (dmw) of a deflating ObjectMonitor
-// into the header of the object associated with the monitor. This
-// idempotent method is called by a thread that is deflating a
-// monitor and by other threads that have detected a race with the
-// deflation process.
-void ObjectMonitor::install_displaced_markword_in_object(const oop obj) {
-  assert(!UseObjectMonitorTable, "ObjectMonitorTable has no dmw");
-  // This function must only be called when (owner == DEFLATER_MARKER
-  // && contentions <= 0), but we can't guarantee that here because
-  // those values could change when the ObjectMonitor gets moved from
-  // the global free list to a per-thread free list.
-
-  guarantee(obj != nullptr, "must be non-null");
-
-  // Separate loads in is_being_async_deflated(), which is almost always
-  // called before this function, from the load of dmw/header below.
-
-  // _contentions and dmw/header may get written by different threads.
-  // Make sure to observe them in the same order when having several observers.
-  OrderAccess::loadload_for_IRIW();
-
-  const oop l_object = object_peek();
-  if (l_object == nullptr) {
-    // ObjectMonitor's object ref has already been cleared by async
-    // deflation or GC so we're done here.
-    return;
-  }
-  assert(l_object == obj, "object=" INTPTR_FORMAT " must equal obj="
-         INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(l_object), p2i(obj));
-
-  markWord dmw = header();
-  // The dmw has to be neutral (not null, not locked and not marked).
-  assert(dmw.is_neutral(), "must be neutral: dmw=" INTPTR_FORMAT, dmw.value());
-
-  // Install displaced mark word if the object's header still points
-  // to this ObjectMonitor. More than one racing caller to this function
-  // can rarely reach this point, but only one can win.
-  markWord res = obj->cas_set_mark(dmw, markWord::encode(this));
-  if (res != markWord::encode(this)) {
-    // This should be rare so log at the Info level when it happens.
-    log_info(monitorinflation)("install_displaced_markword_in_object: "
-                               "failed cas_set_mark: new_mark=" INTPTR_FORMAT
-                               ", old_mark=" INTPTR_FORMAT ", res=" INTPTR_FORMAT,
-                               dmw.value(), markWord::encode(this).value(),
-                               res.value());
-  }
-
-  // Note: It does not matter which thread restored the header/dmw
-  // into the object's header. The thread deflating the monitor just
-  // wanted the object's header restored and it is. The threads that
-  // detected a race with the deflation process also wanted the
-  // object's header restored before they retry their operation and
-  // because it is restored they will only retry once.
-}
 
 // Convert the fields used by is_busy() to a string that can be
 // used for diagnostic output.
@@ -1977,7 +1902,6 @@ void ObjectMonitor::wait(jlong millis, bool interruptible, TRAPS) {
   // Verify a few postconditions
   assert(has_owner(current), "invariant");
   assert(!has_successor(current), "invariant");
-  assert_mark_word_consistency();
 
   if (ce != nullptr && ce->is_virtual_thread()) {
     current->post_vthread_pinned_event(&vthread_pinned_event, "Object.wait", result);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/objectMonitor.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/objectMonitor.hpp
index 848eae6df2a..3c126a03448 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/objectMonitor.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/objectMonitor.hpp
@@ -154,13 +154,9 @@ class ObjectMonitor : public CHeapObj<mtObjectMonitor> {
   // ParkEvent of unblocker thread.
   static ParkEvent* _vthread_unparker_ParkEvent;
 
-  // Because of frequent access, the metadata field is at offset zero (0).
-  // Enforced by the assert() in metadata_addr().
-  // * Locking with UseObjectMonitorTable:
-  //   Contains the _object's hashCode.
-  // * Locking without UseObjectMonitorTable:
-  //   Contains the displaced object header word - mark
-  volatile uintptr_t _metadata;     // metadata
+  // Because of frequent access, the _metadata field is at offset zero (0),
+  // which is enforced by a STATIC_ASSERT() in metadata_addr().
+  volatile uintptr_t _metadata;     // contains the _object's hashCode
   WeakHandle _object;               // backward object pointer
   // Separate _metadata and _owner on different cache lines since both can
   // have busy multi-threaded access. _metadata and _object are set at initial
@@ -415,7 +411,6 @@ class ObjectMonitor : public CHeapObj<mtObjectMonitor> {
  public:
   // Deflation support
   bool      deflate_monitor(Thread* current);
-  void      install_displaced_markword_in_object(const oop obj);
 
   // JFR support
   static bool is_jfr_excluded(const Klass* monitor_klass);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/objectMonitor.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/objectMonitor.inline.hpp
index efdc33cd441..5e9d3dee562 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/objectMonitor.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/objectMonitor.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 #include "runtime/synchronizer.hpp"
 #include "runtime/threadIdentifier.hpp"
 #include "utilities/checkedCast.hpp"
+#include "utilities/debug.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 
 inline int64_t ObjectMonitor::owner_id_from(JavaThread* thread) {
@@ -74,22 +75,22 @@ inline volatile uintptr_t* ObjectMonitor::metadata_addr() {
 }
 
 inline markWord ObjectMonitor::header() const {
-  assert(!UseObjectMonitorTable, "Locking with OM table does not use header");
+  // Locking with OM table does not use header.
+  ShouldNotCallThis();
   return markWord(metadata());
 }
 
 inline void ObjectMonitor::set_header(markWord hdr) {
-  assert(!UseObjectMonitorTable, "Locking with OM table does not use header");
+  // Locking with OM table does not use header.
+  ShouldNotCallThis();
   set_metadata(hdr.value());
 }
 
 inline intptr_t ObjectMonitor::hash() const {
-  assert(UseObjectMonitorTable, "Only used when locking with OM table");
   return metadata();
 }
 
 inline void ObjectMonitor::set_hash(intptr_t hash) {
-  assert(UseObjectMonitorTable, "Only used when locking with OM table");
   set_metadata(hash);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
index ac487b9f1d1..bb773dc523b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
@@ -3865,15 +3865,7 @@ JRT_LEAF(intptr_t*, SharedRuntime::OSR_migration_begin( JavaThread *current) )
        kptr2 = fr.next_monitor_in_interpreter_frame(kptr2) ) {
     if (kptr2->obj() != nullptr) {         // Avoid 'holes' in the monitor array
       BasicLock *lock = kptr2->lock();
-      if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-        buf[i] = (intptr_t)lock->object_monitor_cache();
-      }
-#ifdef ASSERT
-      else {
-        buf[i] = badDispHeaderOSR;
-      }
-#endif
-      i++;
+      buf[i++] = (intptr_t)lock->object_monitor_cache();
       buf[i++] = cast_from_oop<intptr_t>(kptr2->obj());
     }
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/synchronizer.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/synchronizer.cpp
index e5b70ebe426..fb2f8bd4303 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/synchronizer.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/synchronizer.cpp
@@ -680,98 +680,22 @@ intptr_t ObjectSynchronizer::FastHashCode(Thread* current, oop obj) {
   assert(!obj->klass()->is_inline_klass(), "FastHashCode should not be called for inline classes");
 
   while (true) {
-    ObjectMonitor* monitor = nullptr;
     markWord temp, test;
     intptr_t hash;
     markWord mark = obj->mark_acquire();
-    // If UseObjectMonitorTable is set the hash can simply be installed in the
-    // object header, since the monitor isn't in the object header.
-    if (UseObjectMonitorTable || !mark.has_monitor()) {
-      hash = mark.hash();
-      if (hash != 0) {                     // if it has a hash, just return it
-        return hash;
-      }
-      hash = get_next_hash(current, obj);  // get a new hash
-      temp = mark.copy_set_hash(hash);     // merge the hash into header
-                                           // try to install the hash
-      test = obj->cas_set_mark(temp, mark);
-      if (test == mark) {                  // if the hash was installed, return it
-        return hash;
-      }
-      // CAS failed, retry
-      continue;
-
-      // Failed to install the hash. It could be that another thread
-      // installed the hash just before our attempt or inflation has
-      // occurred or... so we fall thru to inflate the monitor for
-      // stability and then install the hash.
-    } else {
-      assert(!mark.is_unlocked() && !mark.is_fast_locked(), "invariant");
-      monitor = mark.monitor();
-      temp = monitor->header();
-      assert(temp.is_neutral(), "invariant: header=" INTPTR_FORMAT, temp.value());
-      hash = temp.hash();
-      if (hash != 0) {
-        // It has a hash.
-
-        // Separate load of dmw/header above from the loads in
-        // is_being_async_deflated().
-
-        // dmw/header and _contentions may get written by different threads.
-        // Make sure to observe them in the same order when having several observers.
-        OrderAccess::loadload_for_IRIW();
-
-        if (monitor->is_being_async_deflated()) {
-          // But we can't safely use the hash if we detect that async
-          // deflation has occurred. So we attempt to restore the
-          // header/dmw to the object's header so that we only retry
-          // once if the deflater thread happens to be slow.
-          monitor->install_displaced_markword_in_object(obj);
-          continue;
-        }
-        return hash;
-      }
-      // Fall thru so we only have one place that installs the hash in
-      // the ObjectMonitor.
-    }
-
-    // NOTE: an async deflation can race after we get the monitor and
-    // before we can update the ObjectMonitor's header with the hash
-    // value below.
-    assert(mark.has_monitor(), "must be");
-    monitor = mark.monitor();
-
-    // Load ObjectMonitor's header/dmw field and see if it has a hash.
-    mark = monitor->header();
-    assert(mark.is_neutral(), "invariant: header=" INTPTR_FORMAT, mark.value());
+    // The hash is located in the object header.
     hash = mark.hash();
-    if (hash == 0) {                       // if it does not have a hash
-      hash = get_next_hash(current, obj);  // get a new hash
-      temp = mark.copy_set_hash(hash)   ;  // merge the hash into header
-      assert(temp.is_neutral(), "invariant: header=" INTPTR_FORMAT, temp.value());
-      uintptr_t v = AtomicAccess::cmpxchg(monitor->metadata_addr(), mark.value(), temp.value());
-      test = markWord(v);
-      if (test != mark) {
-        // The attempt to update the ObjectMonitor's header/dmw field
-        // did not work. This can happen if another thread managed to
-        // merge in the hash just before our cmpxchg().
-        // If we add any new usages of the header/dmw field, this code
-        // will need to be updated.
-        hash = test.hash();
-        assert(test.is_neutral(), "invariant: header=" INTPTR_FORMAT, test.value());
-        assert(hash != 0, "should only have lost the race to a thread that set a non-zero hash");
-      }
-      if (monitor->is_being_async_deflated() && !UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-        // If we detect that async deflation has occurred, then we
-        // attempt to restore the header/dmw to the object's header
-        // so that we only retry once if the deflater thread happens
-        // to be slow.
-        monitor->install_displaced_markword_in_object(obj);
-        continue;
-      }
+    if (hash != 0) {                     // if it has a hash, just return it
+      return hash;
     }
-    // We finally get the hash.
-    return hash;
+    hash = get_next_hash(current, obj);  // get a new hash
+    temp = mark.copy_set_hash(hash);     // merge the hash into header
+    // try to install the hash
+    test = obj->cas_set_mark(temp, mark);
+    if (test == mark) {                  // if the hash was installed, return it
+      return hash;
+    }
+    // CAS failed, retry
   }
 }
 
@@ -1237,9 +1161,7 @@ size_t ObjectSynchronizer::deflate_idle_monitors() {
     unlinked_count = _in_use_list.unlink_deflated(deflated_count, &delete_list, &safepointer);
 
     GrowableArray<ObjectMonitorTable::Table*> table_delete_list;
-    if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      ObjectMonitorTable::rebuild(&table_delete_list);
-    }
+    ObjectMonitorTable::rebuild(&table_delete_list);
 
     log.before_handshake(unlinked_count);
 
@@ -1260,9 +1182,7 @@ size_t ObjectSynchronizer::deflate_idle_monitors() {
 
     // Delete the unlinked ObjectMonitors.
     deleted_count = delete_monitors(&delete_list, &safepointer);
-    if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      ObjectMonitorTable::destroy(&table_delete_list);
-    }
+    ObjectMonitorTable::destroy(&table_delete_list);
     assert(unlinked_count == deleted_count, "must be");
   }
 
@@ -1457,19 +1377,6 @@ void ObjectSynchronizer::chk_in_use_entry(ObjectMonitor* n, outputStream* out,
   }
 
   const markWord mark = obj->mark();
-  // Note: When using ObjectMonitorTable we may observe an intermediate state,
-  // where the monitor is globally visible, but no thread has yet transitioned
-  // the markWord. To avoid reporting a false positive during this transition, we
-  // skip the `!mark.has_monitor()` test if we are using the ObjectMonitorTable.
-  if (!UseObjectMonitorTable && !mark.has_monitor()) {
-    out->print_cr("ERROR: monitor=" INTPTR_FORMAT ": in-use monitor's "
-                  "object does not think it has a monitor: obj="
-                  INTPTR_FORMAT ", mark=" INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(n),
-                  p2i(obj), mark.value());
-    *error_cnt_p = *error_cnt_p + 1;
-    return;
-  }
-
   ObjectMonitor* const obj_mon = read_monitor(obj, mark);
   if (n != obj_mon) {
     out->print_cr("ERROR: monitor=" INTPTR_FORMAT ": in-use monitor's "
@@ -1499,7 +1406,7 @@ void ObjectSynchronizer::log_in_use_monitor_details(outputStream* out, bool log_
     monitors_iterate([&](ObjectMonitor* monitor) {
       if (is_interesting(monitor)) {
         const oop obj = monitor->object_peek();
-        const intptr_t hash = UseObjectMonitorTable ? monitor->hash() : monitor->header().hash();
+        const intptr_t hash = monitor->hash();
         ResourceMark rm;
         out->print(INTPTR_FORMAT "  %d%d%d  " INTPTR_FORMAT "  %s", p2i(monitor),
                    monitor->is_busy(), hash != 0, monitor->has_owner(),
@@ -1562,8 +1469,6 @@ static void post_monitor_inflate_event(EventJavaMonitorInflate* event,
 }
 
 ObjectMonitor* ObjectSynchronizer::get_or_insert_monitor(oop object, JavaThread* current, ObjectSynchronizer::InflateCause cause) {
-  assert(UseObjectMonitorTable, "must be");
-
   EventJavaMonitorInflate event;
 
   bool inserted;
@@ -1584,7 +1489,6 @@ ObjectMonitor* ObjectSynchronizer::get_or_insert_monitor(oop object, JavaThread*
 
 // Add the hashcode to the monitor to match the object and put it in the hashtable.
 ObjectMonitor* ObjectSynchronizer::add_monitor(ObjectMonitor* monitor, oop obj) {
-  assert(UseObjectMonitorTable, "must be");
   assert(obj == monitor->object(), "must be");
 
   intptr_t hash = obj->mark().hash();
@@ -1595,15 +1499,12 @@ ObjectMonitor* ObjectSynchronizer::add_monitor(ObjectMonitor* monitor, oop obj)
 }
 
 void ObjectSynchronizer::remove_monitor(ObjectMonitor* monitor, oop obj) {
-  assert(UseObjectMonitorTable, "must be");
   assert(monitor->object_peek() == obj, "must be, cleared objects are removed by is_dead");
 
   ObjectMonitorTable::remove_monitor_entry(monitor);
 }
 
 void ObjectSynchronizer::deflate_mark_word(oop obj) {
-  assert(UseObjectMonitorTable, "must be");
-
   markWord mark = obj->mark_acquire();
   assert(!mark.has_no_hash(), "obj with inflated monitor must have had a hash");
 
@@ -1614,9 +1515,6 @@ void ObjectSynchronizer::deflate_mark_word(oop obj) {
 }
 
 void ObjectSynchronizer::create_om_table() {
-  if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    return;
-  }
   ObjectMonitorTable::create();
 }
 
@@ -1684,18 +1582,15 @@ class ObjectSynchronizer::CacheSetter : StackObj {
     _monitor(nullptr) {}
 
   ~CacheSetter() {
-    // Only use the cache if using the table.
-    if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      if (_monitor != nullptr) {
-        // If the monitor is already in the BasicLock cache then it is most
-        // likely in the thread cache, do not set it again to avoid reordering.
-        if (_monitor != _lock->object_monitor_cache()) {
-          _thread->om_set_monitor_cache(_monitor);
-          _lock->set_object_monitor_cache(_monitor);
-        }
-      } else {
-        _lock->clear_object_monitor_cache();
+    if (_monitor != nullptr) {
+      // If the monitor is already in the BasicLock cache then it is most
+      // likely in the thread cache, do not set it again to avoid reordering.
+      if (_monitor != _lock->object_monitor_cache()) {
+        _thread->om_set_monitor_cache(_monitor);
+        _lock->set_object_monitor_cache(_monitor);
       }
+    } else {
+      _lock->clear_object_monitor_cache();
     }
   }
 
@@ -1754,7 +1649,6 @@ inline bool ObjectSynchronizer::fast_lock_try_enter(oop obj, LockStack& lock_sta
 }
 
 bool ObjectSynchronizer::fast_lock_spin_enter(oop obj, LockStack& lock_stack, JavaThread* current, bool observed_deflation) {
-  assert(UseObjectMonitorTable, "must be");
   // Will spin with exponential backoff with an accumulative O(2^spin_limit) spins.
   const int log_spin_limit = os::is_MP() ? FastLockingSpins : 1;
   const int log_min_safepoint_check_interval = 10;
@@ -1801,7 +1695,7 @@ void ObjectSynchronizer::enter_for(Handle obj, BasicLock* lock, JavaThread* lock
   // deoptimizing and re-locking locks. See Deoptimization::relock_objects
   assert(locking_thread == Thread::current() || locking_thread->is_obj_deopt_suspend(), "must be");
 
-  assert(!UseObjectMonitorTable || lock->object_monitor_cache() == nullptr, "must be cleared");
+  assert(lock->object_monitor_cache() == nullptr, "must be cleared");
   JavaThread* current = JavaThread::current();
   VerifyThreadState vts(locking_thread, current);
 
@@ -1825,7 +1719,7 @@ void ObjectSynchronizer::enter_for(Handle obj, BasicLock* lock, JavaThread* lock
   }
 
   assert(monitor != nullptr, "ObjectSynchronizer::enter_for must succeed");
-  assert(!UseObjectMonitorTable || lock->object_monitor_cache() == nullptr, "unused. already cleared");
+  assert(lock->object_monitor_cache() == nullptr, "unused. already cleared");
 }
 
 void ObjectSynchronizer::enter(Handle obj, BasicLock* lock, JavaThread* current) {
@@ -1866,7 +1760,7 @@ void ObjectSynchronizer::enter(Handle obj, BasicLock* lock, JavaThread* current)
     // If deflation has been observed we also spin while deflation is ongoing.
     if (fast_lock_try_enter(obj(), lock_stack, current)) {
       return;
-    } else if (UseObjectMonitorTable && fast_lock_spin_enter(obj(), lock_stack, current, observed_deflation)) {
+    } else if (fast_lock_spin_enter(obj(), lock_stack, current, observed_deflation)) {
       return;
     }
 
@@ -1923,13 +1817,9 @@ void ObjectSynchronizer::exit(oop object, BasicLock* lock, JavaThread* current)
   assert(mark.has_monitor(), "must be");
   // The monitor exists
   ObjectMonitor* monitor;
-  if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    monitor = read_caches(current, lock, object);
-    if (monitor == nullptr) {
-      monitor = get_monitor_from_table(object);
-    }
-  } else {
-    monitor = ObjectSynchronizer::read_monitor(mark);
+  monitor = read_caches(current, lock, object);
+  if (monitor == nullptr) {
+    monitor = get_monitor_from_table(object);
   }
   if (monitor->has_anonymous_owner()) {
     assert(current->lock_stack().contains(object), "current must have object on its lock stack");
@@ -1990,131 +1880,12 @@ ObjectMonitor* ObjectSynchronizer::inflate_locked_or_imse(oop obj, ObjectSynchro
   }
 }
 
-ObjectMonitor* ObjectSynchronizer::inflate_into_object_header(oop object, ObjectSynchronizer::InflateCause cause, JavaThread* locking_thread, Thread* current) {
-
-  // The JavaThread* locking parameter requires that the locking_thread == JavaThread::current,
-  // or is suspended throughout the call by some other mechanism.
-  // Even with fast locking the thread might be nullptr when called from a non
-  // JavaThread. (As may still be the case from FastHashCode). However it is only
-  // important for the correctness of the fast locking algorithm that the thread
-  // is set when called from ObjectSynchronizer::enter from the owning thread,
-  // ObjectSynchronizer::enter_for from any thread, or ObjectSynchronizer::exit.
-  EventJavaMonitorInflate event;
-
-  for (;;) {
-    const markWord mark = object->mark_acquire();
-
-    // The mark can be in one of the following states:
-    // *  inflated     - If the ObjectMonitor owner is anonymous and the
-    //                   locking_thread owns the object lock, then we make the
-    //                   locking_thread the ObjectMonitor owner and remove the
-    //                   lock from the locking_thread's lock stack.
-    // *  fast-locked  - Coerce it to inflated from fast-locked.
-    // *  unlocked     - Aggressively inflate the object.
-
-    // CASE: inflated
-    if (mark.has_monitor()) {
-      ObjectMonitor* inf = mark.monitor();
-      markWord dmw = inf->header();
-      assert(dmw.is_neutral(), "invariant: header=" INTPTR_FORMAT, dmw.value());
-      if (inf->has_anonymous_owner() &&
-          locking_thread != nullptr && locking_thread->lock_stack().contains(object)) {
-        inf->set_owner_from_anonymous(locking_thread);
-        size_t removed = locking_thread->lock_stack().remove(object);
-        inf->set_recursions(removed - 1);
-      }
-      return inf;
-    }
-
-    // CASE: fast-locked
-    // Could be fast-locked either by the locking_thread or by some other thread.
-    //
-    // Note that we allocate the ObjectMonitor speculatively, _before_
-    // attempting to set the object's mark to the new ObjectMonitor. If
-    // the locking_thread owns the monitor, then we set the ObjectMonitor's
-    // owner to the locking_thread. Otherwise, we set the ObjectMonitor's owner
-    // to anonymous. If we lose the race to set the object's mark to the
-    // new ObjectMonitor, then we just delete it and loop around again.
-    //
-    if (mark.is_fast_locked()) {
-      ObjectMonitor* monitor = new ObjectMonitor(object);
-      monitor->set_header(mark.set_unlocked());
-      bool own = locking_thread != nullptr && locking_thread->lock_stack().contains(object);
-      if (own) {
-        // Owned by locking_thread.
-        monitor->set_owner(locking_thread);
-      } else {
-        // Owned by somebody else.
-        monitor->set_anonymous_owner();
-      }
-      markWord monitor_mark = markWord::encode(monitor);
-      markWord old_mark = object->cas_set_mark(monitor_mark, mark);
-      if (old_mark == mark) {
-        // Success! Return inflated monitor.
-        if (own) {
-          size_t removed = locking_thread->lock_stack().remove(object);
-          monitor->set_recursions(removed - 1);
-        }
-        // Once the ObjectMonitor is configured and object is associated
-        // with the ObjectMonitor, it is safe to allow async deflation:
-        ObjectSynchronizer::_in_use_list.add(monitor);
-
-        log_inflate(current, object, cause);
-        if (event.should_commit()) {
-          post_monitor_inflate_event(&event, object, cause);
-        }
-        return monitor;
-      } else {
-        delete monitor;
-        continue;  // Interference -- just retry
-      }
-    }
-
-    // CASE: unlocked
-    // TODO-FIXME: for entry we currently inflate and then try to CAS _owner.
-    // If we know we're inflating for entry it's better to inflate by swinging a
-    // pre-locked ObjectMonitor pointer into the object header.   A successful
-    // CAS inflates the object *and* confers ownership to the inflating thread.
-    // In the current implementation we use a 2-step mechanism where we CAS()
-    // to inflate and then CAS() again to try to swing _owner from null to current.
-    // An inflateTry() method that we could call from enter() would be useful.
-
-    assert(mark.is_unlocked(), "invariant: header=" INTPTR_FORMAT, mark.value());
-    ObjectMonitor* m = new ObjectMonitor(object);
-    // prepare m for installation - set monitor to initial state
-    m->set_header(mark);
-
-    if (object->cas_set_mark(markWord::encode(m), mark) != mark) {
-      delete m;
-      m = nullptr;
-      continue;
-      // interference - the markword changed - just retry.
-      // The state-transitions are one-way, so there's no chance of
-      // live-lock -- "Inflated" is an absorbing state.
-    }
-
-    // Once the ObjectMonitor is configured and object is associated
-    // with the ObjectMonitor, it is safe to allow async deflation:
-    ObjectSynchronizer::_in_use_list.add(m);
-
-    log_inflate(current, object, cause);
-    if (event.should_commit()) {
-      post_monitor_inflate_event(&event, object, cause);
-    }
-    return m;
-  }
-}
-
 ObjectMonitor* ObjectSynchronizer::inflate_fast_locked_object(oop object, ObjectSynchronizer::InflateCause cause, JavaThread* locking_thread, JavaThread* current) {
   VerifyThreadState vts(locking_thread, current);
   assert(locking_thread->lock_stack().contains(object), "locking_thread must have object on its lock stack");
 
   ObjectMonitor* monitor;
 
-  if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    return inflate_into_object_header(object, cause, locking_thread, current);
-  }
-
   // Inflating requires a hash code
   ObjectSynchronizer::FastHashCode(current, object);
 
@@ -2169,21 +1940,6 @@ ObjectMonitor* ObjectSynchronizer::inflate_and_enter(oop object, BasicLock* lock
 
   ObjectMonitor* monitor = nullptr;
 
-  if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    // Do the old inflate and enter.
-    monitor = inflate_into_object_header(object, cause, locking_thread, current);
-
-    bool entered;
-    if (locking_thread == current) {
-      entered = monitor->enter(locking_thread);
-    } else {
-      entered = monitor->enter_for(locking_thread);
-    }
-
-    // enter returns false for deflation found.
-    return entered ? monitor : nullptr;
-  }
-
   NoSafepointVerifier nsv;
 
   // Try to get the monitor from the thread-local cache.
@@ -2330,24 +2086,15 @@ void ObjectSynchronizer::deflate_monitor(oop obj, ObjectMonitor* monitor) {
 }
 
 ObjectMonitor* ObjectSynchronizer::get_monitor_from_table(oop obj) {
-  assert(UseObjectMonitorTable, "must be");
   return ObjectMonitorTable::monitor_get(obj);
 }
 
-ObjectMonitor* ObjectSynchronizer::read_monitor(markWord mark) {
-  return mark.monitor();
-}
-
 ObjectMonitor* ObjectSynchronizer::read_monitor(oop obj) {
   return ObjectSynchronizer::read_monitor(obj, obj->mark());
 }
 
 ObjectMonitor* ObjectSynchronizer::read_monitor(oop obj, markWord mark) {
-  if (!UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-    return read_monitor(mark);
-  } else {
-    return ObjectSynchronizer::get_monitor_from_table(obj);
-  }
+  return ObjectSynchronizer::get_monitor_from_table(obj);
 }
 
 bool ObjectSynchronizer::quick_enter_internal(oop obj, BasicLock* lock, JavaThread* current) {
@@ -2381,26 +2128,19 @@ bool ObjectSynchronizer::quick_enter_internal(oop obj, BasicLock* lock, JavaThre
 #endif
 
   if (mark.has_monitor()) {
-    ObjectMonitor* monitor;
-    if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      monitor = read_caches(current, lock, obj);
-    } else {
-      monitor = ObjectSynchronizer::read_monitor(mark);
-    }
+    ObjectMonitor* monitor = read_caches(current, lock, obj);
 
     if (monitor == nullptr) {
       // Take the slow-path on a cache miss.
       return false;
     }
 
-    if (UseObjectMonitorTable) {
-      // Set the monitor regardless of success.
-      // Either we successfully lock on the monitor, or we retry with the
-      // monitor in the slow path. If the monitor gets deflated, it will be
-      // cleared, either by the CacheSetter if we fast lock in enter or in
-      // inflate_and_enter when we see that the monitor is deflated.
-      lock->set_object_monitor_cache(monitor);
-    }
+    // Set the monitor regardless of success.
+    // Either we successfully lock on the monitor, or we retry with the
+    // monitor in the slow path. If the monitor gets deflated, it will be
+    // cleared, either by the CacheSetter if we fast lock in enter or in
+    // inflate_and_enter when we see that the monitor is deflated.
+    lock->set_object_monitor_cache(monitor);
 
     if (monitor->spin_enter(current)) {
       return true;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/synchronizer.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/synchronizer.hpp
index 58d0e88a026..922d988e290 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/synchronizer.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/synchronizer.hpp
@@ -125,7 +125,6 @@ class ObjectSynchronizer : AllStatic {
 public:
   static const char* inflate_cause_name(const InflateCause cause);
 
-  static ObjectMonitor* read_monitor(markWord mark);
   static ObjectMonitor* read_monitor(oop obj);
   static ObjectMonitor* read_monitor(oop obj, markWord mark);
 
@@ -234,7 +233,6 @@ class ObjectSynchronizer : AllStatic {
   static bool fast_lock_spin_enter(oop obj, LockStack& lock_stack, JavaThread* current, bool observed_deflation);
 
  public:
-  static ObjectMonitor* inflate_into_object_header(oop object, ObjectSynchronizer::InflateCause cause, JavaThread* locking_thread, Thread* current);
   static ObjectMonitor* inflate_locked_or_imse(oop object, ObjectSynchronizer::InflateCause cause, TRAPS);
   static ObjectMonitor* inflate_fast_locked_object(oop object, ObjectSynchronizer::InflateCause cause, JavaThread* locking_thread, JavaThread* current);
   static ObjectMonitor* inflate_and_enter(oop object, BasicLock* lock, ObjectSynchronizer::InflateCause cause, JavaThread* locking_thread, JavaThread* current);
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Mark.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Mark.java
index c41372810a3..851ec52abf0 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Mark.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/oops/Mark.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -158,19 +158,14 @@ public ObjectMonitor monitor() {
     if (Assert.ASSERTS_ENABLED) {
       Assert.that(hasMonitor(), "check");
     }
-    if (VM.getVM().getCommandLineFlag("UseObjectMonitorTable").getBool()) {
-      Iterator it = ObjectSynchronizer.objectMonitorIterator();
-      while (it != null && it.hasNext()) {
-        ObjectMonitor mon = (ObjectMonitor)it.next();
-        if (getAddress().equals(mon.object())) {
-          return mon;
-        }
+    Iterator it = ObjectSynchronizer.objectMonitorIterator();
+    while (it != null && it.hasNext()) {
+      ObjectMonitor mon = (ObjectMonitor)it.next();
+      if (getAddress().equals(mon.object())) {
+        return mon;
       }
-      return null;
     }
-    // Use xor instead of &~ to provide one extra tag-bit check.
-    Address monAddr = valueAsAddress().xorWithMask(monitorValue);
-    return new ObjectMonitor(monAddr);
+    return null;
   }
   public boolean hasDisplacedMarkHelper() {
     return ((value() & unlockedValue) == 0);
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/ObjectSynchronizer.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/ObjectSynchronizer.java
index cb82471cf58..9c2cef7d73b 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/ObjectSynchronizer.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/ObjectSynchronizer.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -55,12 +55,7 @@ public long identityHashValueFor(Oop obj) {
       // FIXME: can not generate marks in debugging system
       return mark.hash();
     } else if (mark.hasMonitor()) {
-      if (VM.getVM().getCommandLineFlag("UseObjectMonitorTable").getBool()) {
-        return mark.hash();
-      }
-      ObjectMonitor monitor = mark.monitor();
-      Mark temp = monitor.header();
-      return temp.hash();
+      return mark.hash();
     } else {
       if (Assert.ASSERTS_ENABLED) {
         Assert.that(VM.getVM().isDebugging(), "Can not access displaced header otherwise");
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CommandLine/VMOptionWarning.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CommandLine/VMOptionWarning.java
index 58a90f8ba54..cc55e697a6f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CommandLine/VMOptionWarning.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CommandLine/VMOptionWarning.java
@@ -66,26 +66,6 @@
  * @run driver VMOptionWarning Develop
  */
 
-/* @test VMOptionWarningCompactObjectHeaders
- * @bug 8360700
- * @summary Warn if -XX:+UseCompactObjectHeaders is used with -XX:-UseObjectMonitorTable
- * @requires vm.flagless
- * @library /test/lib
- * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
- *          java.management
- * @run driver VMOptionWarning CompactObjectHeaders
- */
-
-/* @test VMOptionWarningUseObjectMonitorTable
- * @bug 8360700
- * @summary Warn if -XX:-UseObjectMonitorTable is used without -XX:-UseCompactObjectHeaders
- * @requires vm.flagless
- * @library /test/lib
- * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
- *          java.management
- * @run driver VMOptionWarning UseObjectMonitorTable
- */
-
 import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
 import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
 import jdk.test.lib.Platform;
@@ -127,20 +107,6 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
                 output.shouldContain("Error: VM option 'VerifyStack' is develop and is available only in debug version of VM.");
                 break;
             }
-            case "CompactObjectHeaders": {
-                pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder("-XX:+UseCompactObjectHeaders", "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:-UseObjectMonitorTable", "-version");
-                output = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
-                output.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
-                output.shouldContain("warning: -UseObjectMonitorTable is incompatible with +UseCompactObjectHeaders; ignoring -UseObjectMonitorTable");
-                break;
-            }
-            case "UseObjectMonitorTable": {
-                pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder("-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:-UseObjectMonitorTable", "-version");
-                output = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
-                output.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
-                output.shouldContain("warning: -UseObjectMonitorTable is incompatible with +UseCompactObjectHeaders; ignoring -UseObjectMonitorTable");
-                break;
-            }
             default: {
                 throw new RuntimeException("Invalid argument: " + args[0]);
             }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CompressedOops/CompressedClassPointersEncodingScheme.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CompressedOops/CompressedClassPointersEncodingScheme.java
index a8c03e259fc..176d757dff2 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CompressedOops/CompressedClassPointersEncodingScheme.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/CompressedOops/CompressedClassPointersEncodingScheme.java
@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ private static void test(long forceAddress, boolean COH, long classSpaceSize, lo
                 "-XX:-UseCompressedOops", // keep VM from optimizing heap location
                 "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions",
                 "-XX:" + (COH ? "+" : "-") + "UseCompactObjectHeaders",
-                "-XX:" + (COH ? "+" : "-") + "UseObjectMonitorTable",
                 "-XX:CompressedClassSpaceBaseAddress=" + forceAddress,
                 "-XX:CompressedClassSpaceSize=" + classSpaceSize,
                 "-Xmx64m",
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/Monitor/UseObjectMonitorTableTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/Monitor/UseObjectMonitorTableTest.java
index 6af1602e338..fd6ece349a2 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/Monitor/UseObjectMonitorTableTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/Monitor/UseObjectMonitorTableTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,9 +26,7 @@
  * @summary A collection of small tests using synchronized, wait, notify to try
  *          and achieve good cheap coverage of UseObjectMonitorTable.
  * @library /test/lib
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
- *                   -XX:+UseObjectMonitorTable
- *                   UseObjectMonitorTableTest
+ * @run main/othervm UseObjectMonitorTableTest
  */
 
 /**
@@ -37,7 +35,6 @@
  * @library /test/lib
  * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
  *                   -XX:GuaranteedAsyncDeflationInterval=1
- *                   -XX:+UseObjectMonitorTable
  *                   UseObjectMonitorTableTest
  */
 

From 0ffccaa0830faabf09a9c2637ab2b5f5e886518a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 2026 12:17:08 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 552/707] 8390122: Shenandoah: SBS::oop_load drops memory
 ordering decorators

Reviewed-by: wkemper, xpeng
---
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp    |  6 ++--
 .../shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp           | 28 +++++++++----------
 2 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp
index e3619c3f45f..4ae1f03a08d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp
@@ -110,9 +110,6 @@ class ShenandoahBarrierSet: public BarrierSet {
   template <class T>
   inline oop load_reference_barrier(DecoratorSet decorators, oop obj, T* load_addr);
 
-  template <typename T>
-  inline oop oop_load(DecoratorSet decorators, T* addr);
-
   template <typename T>
   inline oop oop_cmpxchg(DecoratorSet decorators, T* addr, oop compare_value, oop new_value);
 
@@ -147,6 +144,9 @@ class ShenandoahBarrierSet: public BarrierSet {
     typedef BarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT> Raw;
 
   private:
+    template <typename T>
+    static oop oop_load_common(DecoratorSet resolved_decorators, T* addr);
+
     template <typename T>
     static void oop_store_common(T* addr, oop value);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp
index 304d1430c4a..92f360216f4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp
@@ -233,14 +233,6 @@ inline void ShenandoahBarrierSet::write_ref_field_post(T* field, oop new_value)
   *byte = CardTable::dirty_card_val();
 }
 
-template <typename T>
-inline oop ShenandoahBarrierSet::oop_load(DecoratorSet decorators, T* addr) {
-  oop value = RawAccess<>::oop_load(addr);
-  value = load_reference_barrier(decorators, value, addr);
-  keep_alive_if_weak(decorators, value);
-  return value;
-}
-
 template <typename T>
 inline oop ShenandoahBarrierSet::oop_cmpxchg(DecoratorSet decorators, T* addr, oop compare_value, oop new_value) {
   shenandoah_assert_not_in_cset_except(nullptr, compare_value, (compare_value == nullptr || ShenandoahHeap::heap()->cancelled_gc()));
@@ -274,27 +266,35 @@ inline oop ShenandoahBarrierSet::oop_xchg(DecoratorSet decorators, T* addr, oop
   return RawAccess<>::oop_atomic_xchg(addr, new_value);
 }
 
+template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename BarrierSetT>
+template <typename T>
+inline oop ShenandoahBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::oop_load_common(DecoratorSet resolved_decorators, T* addr) {
+  // This raw access inherits decorators that are needed for proper memory ordering.
+  oop value = Raw::template oop_load<oop>(addr);
+  ShenandoahBarrierSet* bs = barrier_set();
+  value = bs->load_reference_barrier(resolved_decorators, value, addr);
+  bs->keep_alive_if_weak(resolved_decorators, value);
+  return value;
+}
+
 template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename BarrierSetT>
 template <typename T>
 inline oop ShenandoahBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::oop_load_not_in_heap(T* addr) {
   assert((decorators & ON_UNKNOWN_OOP_REF) == 0, "must be absent");
-  ShenandoahBarrierSet* const bs = ShenandoahBarrierSet::barrier_set();
-  return bs->oop_load(decorators, addr);
+  return oop_load_common(decorators, addr);
 }
 
 template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename BarrierSetT>
 template <typename T>
 inline oop ShenandoahBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::oop_load_in_heap(T* addr) {
   assert((decorators & ON_UNKNOWN_OOP_REF) == 0, "must be absent");
-  ShenandoahBarrierSet* const bs = ShenandoahBarrierSet::barrier_set();
-  return bs->oop_load(decorators, addr);
+  return oop_load_common(decorators, addr);
 }
 
 template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename BarrierSetT>
 inline oop ShenandoahBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::oop_load_in_heap_at(oop base, ptrdiff_t offset) {
-  ShenandoahBarrierSet* const bs = ShenandoahBarrierSet::barrier_set();
   DecoratorSet resolved_decorators = AccessBarrierSupport::resolve_possibly_unknown_oop_ref_strength<decorators>(base, offset);
-  return bs->oop_load(resolved_decorators, AccessInternal::oop_field_addr<decorators>(base, offset));
+  return oop_load_common(resolved_decorators, AccessInternal::oop_field_addr<decorators>(base, offset));
 }
 
 template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename BarrierSetT>

From 740621f198c5f55322348da3b74ba43464f51abc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Suchismith Roy <sroy@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 2026 12:38:27 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 553/707] 8382604: Remove unused kscratch temp register from
 mask_opers_evex

Reviewed-by: galder, amitkumar
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad | 5 ++---
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
index 393f37ef8e3..217edb03f12 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
@@ -24809,12 +24809,11 @@ instruct long_to_mask_evex(kReg dst, rRegL src) %{
   ins_pipe( pipe_slow );
 %}
 
-instruct mask_opers_evex(kReg dst, kReg src1, kReg src2, kReg kscratch) %{
+instruct mask_opers_evex(kReg dst, kReg src1, kReg src2) %{
   match(Set dst (AndVMask src1 src2));
   match(Set dst (OrVMask src1 src2));
   match(Set dst (XorVMask src1 src2));
-  effect(TEMP kscratch);
-  format %{ "mask_opers_evex $dst, $src1, $src2\t! using $kscratch as TEMP" %}
+  format %{ "mask_opers_evex $dst, $src1, $src2" %}
   ins_encode %{
     const MachNode* mask1 = static_cast<const MachNode*>(this->in(this->operand_index($src1)));
     const MachNode* mask2 = static_cast<const MachNode*>(this->in(this->operand_index($src2)));

From 5a912628cd1e446251cada96fe67d92c9bfaa7ff Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ashay Rane <arane@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 2026 12:51:38 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 554/707] 8389209: Add sccache support to the build

Reviewed-by: erikj
---
 doc/building.html                  |   9 +++
 doc/building.md                    |   9 +++
 make/autoconf/build-performance.m4 | 111 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 make/autoconf/configure.ac         |   3 +
 make/autoconf/help.m4              |   3 +
 make/autoconf/spec.gmk.template    |   5 +-
 6 files changed, 137 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/building.html b/doc/building.html
index be3c8c364d7..ed77db50834 100644
--- a/doc/building.html
+++ b/doc/building.html
@@ -146,6 +146,7 @@ <h1 class="title">Building the JDK</h1>
 <li><a href="#virus-checking" id="toc-virus-checking">Virus
 Checking</a></li>
 <li><a href="#ccache" id="toc-ccache">Ccache</a></li>
+<li><a href="#sccache" id="toc-sccache">Sccache</a></li>
 <li><a href="#precompiled-headers"
 id="toc-precompiled-headers">Precompiled Headers</a></li>
 <li><a href="#icecc-icecream" id="toc-icecc-icecream">Icecc /
@@ -1814,6 +1815,14 @@ <h3 id="ccache">Ccache</h3>
 often rebuild the same sources. Your mileage may vary however, so we
 recommend evaluating it for yourself. To enable it, make sure it's on
 the path and configure with <code>--enable-ccache</code>.</p>
+<h3 id="sccache">Sccache</h3>
+<p>The JDK build supports building with sccache when using gcc, clang, or
+Microsoft toolchains.  To enable it, make sure the sccache binary is on the path
+(or specify the path to the binary using the <code>SCCACHE</code> argument to
+the configure script) and configure with <code>--enable-sccache</code>.  To
+optionally specify where sccache stores its cache files, use
+<code>--with-sccache-dir</code>.  Precompiled headers are disabled when sccache
+is enabled.</p>
 <h3 id="precompiled-headers">Precompiled Headers</h3>
 <p>By default, the Hotspot build uses pre-compiled headers (PCH) on the
 toolchains were it is properly supported (clang, gcc, and Visual
diff --git a/doc/building.md b/doc/building.md
index adf116764fa..7e9211d8f66 100644
--- a/doc/building.md
+++ b/doc/building.md
@@ -1555,6 +1555,15 @@ the same sources. Your mileage may vary however, so we recommend evaluating it
 for yourself. To enable it, make sure it's on the path and configure with
 `--enable-ccache`.
 
+### Sccache
+
+The JDK build supports building with sccache when using gcc, clang, or Microsoft
+toolchains.  To enable it, make sure the sccache binary is on the path (or
+specify the path to the binary using the `SCCACHE` argument to the configure
+script) and configure with `--enable-sccache`.  To optionally specify where
+sccache stores its cache files, use `--with-sccache-dir`.  Precompiled headers
+are disabled when sccache is enabled.
+
 ### Precompiled Headers
 
 By default, the Hotspot build uses pre-compiled headers (PCH) on the toolchains
diff --git a/make/autoconf/build-performance.m4 b/make/autoconf/build-performance.m4
index dfc9e979d2f..88817c35969 100644
--- a/make/autoconf/build-performance.m4
+++ b/make/autoconf/build-performance.m4
@@ -252,6 +252,109 @@ AC_DEFUN([BPERF_SETUP_CCACHE_USAGE],
   fi
 ])
 
+AC_DEFUN([BPERF_SETUP_SCCACHE],
+[
+  # Check if sccache is available
+  SCCACHE_AVAILABLE=true
+
+  UTIL_LOOKUP_TOOLCHAIN_PROGS(SCCACHE, sccache)
+
+  AC_MSG_CHECKING([if sccache is available])
+  if test "x$TOOLCHAIN_TYPE" != "xgcc" && test "x$TOOLCHAIN_TYPE" != "xclang" && \
+      test "x$TOOLCHAIN_TYPE" != "xmicrosoft"; then
+    AC_MSG_RESULT([no, not supported for toolchain type $TOOLCHAIN_TYPE])
+    SCCACHE_AVAILABLE=false
+  elif test "x$SCCACHE" = "x"; then
+    AC_MSG_RESULT([no, sccache binary missing or not executable])
+    SCCACHE_AVAILABLE=false
+  else
+    AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
+  fi
+
+  SCCACHE_STATUS=""
+  UTIL_ARG_ENABLE(NAME: sccache, DEFAULT: false, AVAILABLE: $SCCACHE_AVAILABLE,
+      DESC: [enable using sccache to speed up recompilations],
+      CHECKING_MSG: [if sccache is enabled],
+      IF_ENABLED: [
+        if test "x$CCACHE" != x; then
+          AC_MSG_ERROR([Cannot enable both ccache and sccache])
+        fi
+        # Versions of sccache before 0.10.0 can restore stale or incorrect
+        # dependency files for cached C/C++ compilations, breaking our build.
+        SCCACHE_VERSION=[`$SCCACHE --version | head -n1 | $CUT -d " " -f 2 | $TR -d '\r'`]
+        if test "x$SCCACHE_VERSION" = x; then
+          AC_MSG_ERROR([Could not determine sccache version])
+        fi
+        HAS_BAD_SCCACHE=[`$ECHO $SCCACHE_VERSION | \
+            $GREP -e '^0\.[0-9]\.' -e '^0\.[0-9]$'`]
+        if test "x$HAS_BAD_SCCACHE" != "x"; then
+          AC_MSG_ERROR([[sccache 0.10.0 or later is required, found $SCCACHE_VERSION]])
+        fi
+        SCCACHE_STATUS="Active ($SCCACHE_VERSION)"
+      ],
+      IF_DISABLED: [
+        SCCACHE=""
+      ])
+  AC_SUBST(SCCACHE)
+
+  AC_ARG_WITH([sccache-dir],
+      [AS_HELP_STRING([--with-sccache-dir],
+      [where to store sccache files @<:@~/.cache/sccache@:>@])])
+
+  if test "x$with_sccache_dir" != x; then
+    SCCACHE_DIR="$with_sccache_dir"
+    SCCACHE_DIR_FOR_SCCACHE="$SCCACHE_DIR"
+
+    # Ideally, we'd use `UTIL_FIXUP_PATH()`, but it expects the supplied path to
+    # already exist, which might not be true for the sccache directory during
+    # the configure step.  As a workaround, we manually invoke fixpath.sh.
+    if test "x$OPENJDK_BUILD_OS" = "xwindows"; then
+      SCCACHE_DIR_FOR_SCCACHE=`$FIXPATH_BASE -m print "$SCCACHE_DIR_FOR_SCCACHE"`
+    fi
+
+    SET_SCCACHE_DIR="SCCACHE_DIR=$SCCACHE_DIR_FOR_SCCACHE"
+    if test "x$SCCACHE" = x; then
+      AC_MSG_WARN([--with-sccache-dir has no meaning when sccache is not enabled])
+    fi
+  fi
+
+  if test "x$SCCACHE" != x; then
+    BPERF_SETUP_SCCACHE_USAGE
+  fi
+])
+
+AC_DEFUN([BPERF_SETUP_SCCACHE_USAGE],
+[
+  if test "x$SCCACHE" != x; then
+    if test "x$USE_PRECOMPILED_HEADER" = "xtrue"; then
+      if test "x$PRECOMPILED_HEADERS_EXPLICITLY_SET" = "xtrue"; then
+        AC_MSG_ERROR([Cannot use sccache with precompiled headers. Use --disable-precompiled-headers.])
+      else
+        AC_MSG_NOTICE([Disabling precompiled headers because sccache is enabled])
+        USE_PRECOMPILED_HEADER=false
+      fi
+    fi
+
+    # On Windows, the sccache binary must be launched through fixpath and the
+    # compiler argument passed to sccache must be the actual compiler
+    # (gcc/clang/cl) and not another fixpath invocation, otherwise sccache will
+    # try to execute fixpath as the compiler.
+    [ if [[ "$OPENJDK_BUILD_OS" = "windows" && "$SCCACHE" =~ ^"$FIXPATH " ]]; then ]
+      [ if [[ "$CC" =~ ^"$FIXPATH " ]]; then ]
+        CC="${CC#"$FIXPATH "}"
+      [ fi ]
+      [ if [[ "$CXX" =~ ^"$FIXPATH " ]]; then ]
+        CXX="${CXX#"$FIXPATH "}"
+      [ fi ]
+    [ fi ]
+
+    if test "x$SET_SCCACHE_DIR" != x; then
+      SCCACHE="$SET_SCCACHE_DIR $SCCACHE"
+      mkdir -p "$SCCACHE_DIR" > /dev/null 2>&1
+    fi
+  fi
+])
+
 ################################################################################
 #
 # Runs icecc-create-env once and prints the error if it fails
@@ -372,7 +475,13 @@ AC_DEFUN_ONCE([BPERF_SETUP_PRECOMPILED_HEADERS],
 
   UTIL_ARG_ENABLE(NAME: precompiled-headers, DEFAULT: auto,
       RESULT: USE_PRECOMPILED_HEADER, AVAILABLE: $PRECOMPILED_HEADERS_AVAILABLE,
-      DESC: [enable using precompiled headers when compiling C++])
+      DESC: [enable using precompiled headers when compiling C++],
+      IF_GIVEN: [
+        PRECOMPILED_HEADERS_EXPLICITLY_SET=true
+      ],
+      IF_NOT_GIVEN: [
+        PRECOMPILED_HEADERS_EXPLICITLY_SET=false
+      ])
   AC_SUBST(USE_PRECOMPILED_HEADER)
 ])
 
diff --git a/make/autoconf/configure.ac b/make/autoconf/configure.ac
index 59380cdfe44..87c5f53a1e9 100644
--- a/make/autoconf/configure.ac
+++ b/make/autoconf/configure.ac
@@ -293,6 +293,9 @@ BPERF_SETUP_PRECOMPILED_HEADERS
 # Setup use of ccache, if available
 BPERF_SETUP_CCACHE
 
+# Setup use of sccache, if available
+BPERF_SETUP_SCCACHE
+
 ################################################################################
 #
 # And now the finish...
diff --git a/make/autoconf/help.m4 b/make/autoconf/help.m4
index d8c0b2ffaef..23541cea3ef 100644
--- a/make/autoconf/help.m4
+++ b/make/autoconf/help.m4
@@ -335,6 +335,9 @@ AC_DEFUN_ONCE([HELP_PRINT_SUMMARY_AND_WARNINGS],
   if test "x$CCACHE_STATUS" != "x"; then
     $ECHO "* ccache status:  $CCACHE_STATUS"
   fi
+  if test "x$SCCACHE_STATUS" != "x"; then
+    $ECHO "* sccache status: $SCCACHE_STATUS"
+  fi
   $ECHO ""
 
   if test "x$BUILDING_MULTIPLE_JVM_VARIANTS" = "xtrue"; then
diff --git a/make/autoconf/spec.gmk.template b/make/autoconf/spec.gmk.template
index 3779ec32e45..1cfaf1186d5 100644
--- a/make/autoconf/spec.gmk.template
+++ b/make/autoconf/spec.gmk.template
@@ -545,7 +545,7 @@ ADLC_LANGSTD_CXXFLAGS := @ADLC_LANGSTD_CXXFLAGS@
 ADLC_LDFLAGS := @ADLC_LDFLAGS@
 
 # Tools that potentially need to be cross compilation aware.
-CC := @CCACHE@ @ICECC@ @CC@
+CC := @SCCACHE@ @CCACHE@ @ICECC@ @CC@
 
 # CFLAGS used to compile the jdk native libraries (C-code)
 CFLAGS_JDKLIB := @CFLAGS_JDKLIB@
@@ -571,7 +571,7 @@ EXTRA_CXXFLAGS := @EXTRA_CXXFLAGS@
 EXTRA_LDFLAGS := @EXTRA_LDFLAGS@
 EXTRA_ASFLAGS := @EXTRA_ASFLAGS@
 
-CXX := @CCACHE@ @ICECC@ @CXX@
+CXX := @SCCACHE@ @CCACHE@ @ICECC@ @CXX@
 
 CPP := @CPP@
 
@@ -740,6 +740,7 @@ RCFLAGS := @RCFLAGS@
 AWK := @AWK@
 BASENAME := @BASENAME@
 CAT := @CAT@
+SCCACHE := @SCCACHE@
 CCACHE := @CCACHE@
 # CD is going away, but remains to cater for legacy makefiles.
 CD := cd

From 66a0483a94105f36a7d32bfe4b72abdaaa32fe74 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gui Cao <gcao@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 2026 12:52:12 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 555/707] 8388458: RISC-V: Use LSB for conditional card mark in
 G1 post-write barrier

Co-authored-by: Dingli Zhang <dzhang@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: ayang, fyang, tschatzl
---
 .../gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp     | 34 ++++++++++++++-----
 1 file changed, 25 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
index bae1349ba14..fa236bf8ead 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -118,13 +118,20 @@ void G1BarrierSetAssembler::gen_write_ref_array_post_barrier(MacroAssembler* mas
   // Iterate from start card to end card (inclusive).
   __ bind(loop);
   if (UseCondCardMark) {
+    // All non-clean cards (dirty, to-cset, from-remset) have bit0 == 0.
+    static_assert((G1CardTable::g1_dirty_card & 1U) == 0
+               && (G1CardTable::g1_to_cset_card & 1U) == 0
+               && (G1CardTable::g1_from_remset_card & 1U) == 0,
+               "cards needing scan must have bit0 == 0");
+    // Clean card has bit0 == 1.
+    static_assert(((uint)G1CardTable::clean_card_val() & 1U) == 1,
+                  "clean card must have bit0 == 1");
     __ lbu(tmp, Address(start, 0));
-    static_assert((uint)G1CardTable::clean_card_val() == 0xff, "must be");
-    __ subi(tmp, tmp, G1CardTable::clean_card_val()); // Convert to clean_card_value() to a comparison
-                                                      // against zero to avoid use of an extra temp.
-    __ bnez(tmp, next);
+    __ test_bit(tmp, tmp, 0);                         // test bit0: clean has bit0 == 1, non-clean has bit0 == 0
+    __ beqz(tmp, next);                               // skip store if already non-clean
   }
 
+  // `sb zr` writes 0, which must be the dirty value.
   static_assert(G1CardTable::dirty_card_val() == 0, "must be to use zr");
   __ sb(zr, Address(start, 0));
 
@@ -264,14 +271,23 @@ static void generate_post_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm,
   Address card_table_address(xthread, G1ThreadLocalData::card_table_base_offset());
   __ ld(tmp2, card_table_address);                       // tmp2 := card table base address
   __ add(tmp1, tmp1, tmp2);                              // tmp1 := card address
+
   if (UseCondCardMark) {
-    static_assert((uint)G1CardTable::clean_card_val() == 0xff, "must be");
+    // All non-clean cards (dirty, to-cset, from-remset) have bit0 == 0.
+    static_assert((G1CardTable::g1_dirty_card & 1U) == 0
+               && (G1CardTable::g1_to_cset_card & 1U) == 0
+               && (G1CardTable::g1_from_remset_card & 1U) == 0,
+               "cards needing scan must have bit0 == 0");
+    // Clean card has bit0 == 1.
+    static_assert(((uint)G1CardTable::clean_card_val() & 1U) == 1,
+                  "clean card must have bit0 == 1");
     __ lbu(tmp2, Address(tmp1, 0));                      // tmp2 := card
-    __ subi(tmp2, tmp2, G1CardTable::clean_card_val());  // Convert to clean_card_value() to a comparison
-                                                         // against zero to avoid use of an extra temp.
-    __ bnez(tmp2, done);
+    __ test_bit(tmp2, tmp2, 0);                          // test bit0: clean has bit0 == 1, non-clean has bit0 == 0
+    __ beqz(tmp2, done);                                 // skip store if already non-clean
   }
-  static_assert((uint)G1CardTable::dirty_card_val() == 0, "must be to use zr");
+
+  // `sb zr` writes 0, which must be the dirty value.
+  static_assert(G1CardTable::dirty_card_val() == 0, "must be to use zr");
   __ sb(zr, Address(tmp1, 0));
 }
 

From b8207347b8f9fec8dccddbad58cc48db89972d5f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Suchismith Roy <sroy@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 2026 13:08:24 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 556/707] 8386510: AArch64: MacroAssembler constructor
 undefined behaviour

Reviewed-by: adinn, aph
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/assembler_aarch64.hpp | 5 +++--
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/assembler_aarch64.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/assembler_aarch64.hpp
index 89f3dd63f42..0c7d4c272cd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/assembler_aarch64.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/assembler_aarch64.hpp
@@ -457,17 +457,18 @@ class Address {
 
   Address(address target, relocInfo::relocType rtype = relocInfo::external_word_type);
 
-  Address(Register base, RegisterOrConstant index, extend ext = lsl()) {
+  Address(Register base, RegisterOrConstant index, extend ext = lsl(0)) {
     if (index.is_register()) {
       _mode = base_plus_offset_reg;
       new (&_nonliteral) Nonliteral(base, index.as_register(), 0, ext);
     } else {
       guarantee(ext.option() == ext::uxtx, "should be");
       assert(index.is_constant(), "should be");
+      assert(ext.shift() == 0, "must be");
       _mode = base_plus_offset;
       new (&_nonliteral) Nonliteral(base,
                                     noreg,
-                                    index.as_constant() << ext.shift());
+                                    index.as_constant());
     }
   }
 

From 1f74b50bfaebb8eb1d5d8d14acce389c24c95c54 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Du=C5=A1an=20B=C3=A1lek?= <dbalek@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 2026 15:03:23 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 557/707] 8389868: Empty LocalVariableTable attribute is
 generated for an unused variable in clinit

Reviewed-by: liach, jlahoda
---
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/ClassWriter.java  |  5 +-
 .../EmptyLocalVariableTableTest.java          | 93 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 96 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/attributes/LocalVariableTable/EmptyLocalVariableTableTest.java

diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/ClassWriter.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/ClassWriter.java
index 1fa6e7736f8..afd3fed8757 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/ClassWriter.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/jvm/ClassWriter.java
@@ -1144,10 +1144,11 @@ void writeCode(Code code) {
         }
 
         // counter for number of generic local variables
-        if (code.varDebugInfo && code.varBufferSize > 0) {
+        int lvtSize = code.getLVTSize();
+        if (code.varDebugInfo && lvtSize > 0) {
             int nGenericVars = 0;
             int alenIdx = writeAttr(names.LocalVariableTable);
-            databuf.appendChar(code.getLVTSize());
+            databuf.appendChar(lvtSize);
             for (int i=0; i<code.varBufferSize; i++) {
                 Code.LocalVar var = code.varBuffer[i];
 
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/attributes/LocalVariableTable/EmptyLocalVariableTableTest.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/attributes/LocalVariableTable/EmptyLocalVariableTableTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1f677208d6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/classfiles/attributes/LocalVariableTable/EmptyLocalVariableTableTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8389868
+ * @summary Test that empty LocalVariableTable attribute is not generated.
+ * @library /tools/lib
+ * @modules
+ *      jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.api
+ *      jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.main
+ * @build toolbox.ToolBox toolbox.JavacTask
+ * @run junit ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+import java.lang.classfile.Attributes;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
+import java.lang.classfile.attribute.CodeAttribute;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import toolbox.JavacTask;
+import toolbox.ToolBox;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInfo;
+
+public class EmptyLocalVariableTableTest {
+
+    Path base;
+    ToolBox tb = new ToolBox();
+
+    @Test
+    void testNoEmptyLVT() throws Exception {
+        Path classes = base.resolve("classes");
+        Files.createDirectories(classes);
+        new JavacTask(tb)
+                .options("-d", classes.toString(), "-g")
+                .sources("""
+                         public class UnusedVariable {
+                             static void test() {
+                                 {
+                                     Class<?> unused = null;
+                                 }
+                             }
+                             static {
+                                 Class<?> unused = null;
+                             }
+                         }
+                         """)
+                .run()
+                .writeAll();
+        ClassFile.of().parse(classes.resolve("UnusedVariable.class")).methods().stream()
+                .forEach(mm -> {
+                    CodeAttribute codeAttribute = mm.findAttribute(Attributes.code()).orElse(null);
+                    Assertions.assertNotNull(codeAttribute);
+                    codeAttribute.findAttributes(Attributes.localVariableTable()).stream()
+                            .forEach(attr -> {
+                                Assertions.assertFalse(attr.localVariables().isEmpty(), "Empty LocalVariableTableAttribute found");
+                            });
+                });
+    }
+
+    @BeforeEach
+    public void setUp(TestInfo info) {
+        base = Paths.get(".")
+                    .resolve(info.getTestMethod()
+                                 .orElseThrow()
+                                 .getName());
+    }
+}

From bc6d4fd10d30f4202d9cc12b48e845722be4d651 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 2026 15:50:35 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 558/707] 8390215: Shenandoah: Simplify GC logging by dropping
 unnecessary suffixes

Reviewed-by: wkemper, xpeng
---
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp  | 159 ++++--------------
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.hpp  |  14 --
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahDegeneratedGC.cpp |  42 +++--
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.hpp   |  17 +-
 4 files changed, 74 insertions(+), 158 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp
index 18f8f5a4142..fe7e5211e0a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ ShenandoahGC::ShenandoahDegenPoint ShenandoahConcurrentGC::degen_point() const {
 
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_concurrent_update_refs_prepare(ShenandoahHeap* const heap) {
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
-  const char* msg = conc_init_update_refs_event_message();
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent init update refs", "");
   ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_update_refs_prepare);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -117,8 +117,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_concurrent_update_refs_prepare(ShenandoahHeap
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_update_card_table() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
-
-  static const char* msg = "Concurrent update cards";
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent update cards", "");
   ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_update_card_table);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -295,7 +294,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_complete_abbreviated_cycle() {
   ShenandoahGenerationalHeap* const heap = ShenandoahGenerationalHeap::heap();
 
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
-  static const char* msg = "Concurrent complete abbreviated cycle";
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent complete abbreviated cycle", "");
   ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::complete_abbreviated);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -376,7 +375,10 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::vmop_entry_final_verify() {
 }
 
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_init_mark() {
-  const char* msg = init_mark_event_message();
+  ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
+  assert(!heap->has_forwarded_objects(), "Should not have forwarded objects here");
+
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Pause Init Mark", "");
   ShenandoahPausePhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::init_mark);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -388,7 +390,11 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_init_mark() {
 }
 
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_final_mark() {
-  const char* msg = final_mark_event_message();
+  ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
+  assert(!heap->has_forwarded_objects() || heap->is_concurrent_old_mark_in_progress(),
+         "Should not have forwarded objects during final mark, unless old gen concurrent mark is running");
+
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Pause Final Mark", "");
   ShenandoahPausePhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::final_mark);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -400,7 +406,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_final_mark() {
 }
 
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_init_update_refs() {
-  static const char* msg = "Pause Init Update Refs";
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Pause Init Update Refs", "");
   ShenandoahPausePhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::init_update_refs);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -409,7 +415,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_init_update_refs() {
 }
 
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_final_update_refs() {
-  static const char* msg = "Pause Final Update Refs";
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Pause Final Update Refs", "");
   ShenandoahPausePhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::final_update_refs);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -421,7 +427,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_final_update_refs() {
 }
 
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_final_verify() {
-  const char* msg = verify_final_event_message();
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Pause Verify Final", "");
   ShenandoahPausePhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::final_verify);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -435,7 +441,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_reset() {
 
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
   {
-    const char* msg = conc_reset_event_message();
+    SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent reset", "");
     ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_reset);
     EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -450,7 +456,8 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_scan_remembered_set() {
   if (_generation->is_young()) {
     ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
     TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
-    const char* msg = "Concurrent remembered set scanning";
+
+    SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent remembered set scanning", "");
     ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::init_scan_rset);
     EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -466,7 +473,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_scan_remembered_set() {
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_mark_roots() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
-  const char* msg = "Concurrent marking roots";
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent marking roots", "");
   ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_mark_roots);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -480,8 +487,11 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_mark_roots() {
 
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_mark() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
+  assert(!heap->has_forwarded_objects() || heap->is_concurrent_old_mark_in_progress(),
+         "Should not have forwarded objects concurrent mark, unless old gen concurrent mark is running");
+
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
-  const char* msg = conc_mark_event_message();
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent marking", "");
   ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_mark);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -496,7 +506,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_mark() {
 
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_thread_roots() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
-  static const char* msg = "Concurrent thread roots";
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent thread roots", "");
   ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_thread_roots);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -511,7 +521,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_thread_roots() {
 
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_weak_refs() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
-  const char* msg = conc_weak_refs_event_message();
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent weak references", "");
   ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_weak_refs);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -527,7 +537,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_weak_refs() {
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_weak_roots() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
-  const char* msg = conc_weak_roots_event_message();
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent weak roots", "");
   ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_weak_roots);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -543,7 +553,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_weak_roots() {
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_class_unloading() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
-  static const char* msg = "Concurrent class unloading";
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent class unloading", "");
   ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_class_unload);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -559,7 +569,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_class_unloading() {
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_strong_roots() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
-  static const char* msg = "Concurrent strong roots";
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent strong roots", "");
   ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_strong_roots);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -577,7 +587,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_strong_roots() {
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_cleanup_early() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
-  const char* msg = conc_cleanup_event_message();
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent cleanup", "");
   ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_cleanup_early, true /* log_heap_usage */);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -596,8 +606,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_cleanup_early() {
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_evacuate() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
-
-  static const char* msg = "Concurrent evacuation";
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent evacuation", "");
   ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_evac);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -613,8 +622,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_evacuate() {
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_update_thread_roots() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
-
-  static const char* msg = "Concurrent update thread roots";
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent update thread roots", "");
   ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_update_thread_roots);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -627,7 +635,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_update_thread_roots() {
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_update_refs() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
-  static const char* msg = "Concurrent update references";
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent update references", "");
   ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_update_refs);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -643,7 +651,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_update_refs() {
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_cleanup_complete() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
-  const char* msg = conc_cleanup_event_message();
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent cleanup", "");
   ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_cleanup_complete, true /* log_heap_usage */);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -655,7 +663,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_cleanup_complete() {
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_reset_after_collect() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
-  const char* msg = conc_reset_after_collect_event_message();
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent reset after collect", "");
   ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_reset_after_collect);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -1250,7 +1258,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::op_final_update_refs() {
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_final_roots() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
-  const char* msg = conc_final_roots_event_message();
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent final roots", "");
   ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_final_roots);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
@@ -1295,100 +1303,3 @@ bool ShenandoahConcurrentGC::check_cancellation_and_abort(ShenandoahDegenPoint p
   }
   return false;
 }
-
-const char* ShenandoahConcurrentGC::init_mark_event_message() const {
-  ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
-  assert(!heap->has_forwarded_objects(), "Should not have forwarded objects here");
-  if (heap->unload_classes()) {
-    SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Pause Init Mark", " (unload classes)");
-  } else {
-    SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Pause Init Mark", "");
-  }
-}
-
-const char* ShenandoahConcurrentGC::final_mark_event_message() const {
-  ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
-  assert(!heap->has_forwarded_objects() || heap->is_concurrent_old_mark_in_progress(),
-         "Should not have forwarded objects during final mark, unless old gen concurrent mark is running");
-
-  if (heap->unload_classes()) {
-    SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Pause Final Mark", " (unload classes)");
-  } else {
-    SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Pause Final Mark", "");
-  }
-}
-
-const char* ShenandoahConcurrentGC::conc_mark_event_message() const {
-  ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
-  assert(!heap->has_forwarded_objects() || heap->is_concurrent_old_mark_in_progress(),
-         "Should not have forwarded objects concurrent mark, unless old gen concurrent mark is running");
-  if (heap->unload_classes()) {
-    SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Concurrent marking", " (unload classes)");
-  } else {
-    SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Concurrent marking", "");
-  }
-}
-
-const char* ShenandoahConcurrentGC::conc_reset_event_message() const {
-  if (ShenandoahHeap::heap()->unload_classes()) {
-    SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Concurrent reset", " (unload classes)");
-  } else {
-    SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Concurrent reset", "");
-  }
-}
-
-const char* ShenandoahConcurrentGC::conc_reset_after_collect_event_message() const {
-  if (ShenandoahHeap::heap()->unload_classes()) {
-    SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Concurrent reset after collect", " (unload classes)");
-  } else {
-    SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Concurrent reset after collect", "");
-  }
-}
-
-const char* ShenandoahConcurrentGC::verify_final_event_message() const {
-  if (ShenandoahHeap::heap()->unload_classes()) {
-    SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Pause Verify Final", " (unload classes)");
-  } else {
-    SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Pause Verify Final", "");
-  }
-}
-
-const char* ShenandoahConcurrentGC::conc_final_roots_event_message() const {
-  if (ShenandoahHeap::heap()->unload_classes()) {
-    SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Concurrent Final Roots", " (unload classes)");
-  } else {
-    SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Concurrent Final Roots", "");
-  }
-}
-
-const char* ShenandoahConcurrentGC::conc_weak_refs_event_message() const {
-  if (ShenandoahHeap::heap()->unload_classes()) {
-    SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Concurrent weak references", " (unload classes)");
-  } else {
-    SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Concurrent weak references", "");
-  }
-}
-
-const char* ShenandoahConcurrentGC::conc_weak_roots_event_message() const {
-  if (ShenandoahHeap::heap()->unload_classes()) {
-    SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Concurrent weak roots", " (unload classes)");
-  } else {
-    SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Concurrent weak roots", "");
-  }
-}
-
-const char* ShenandoahConcurrentGC::conc_cleanup_event_message() const {
-  if (ShenandoahHeap::heap()->unload_classes()) {
-    SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Concurrent cleanup", " (unload classes)");
-  } else {
-    SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Concurrent cleanup", "");
-  }
-}
-
-const char* ShenandoahConcurrentGC::conc_init_update_refs_event_message() const {
-  if (ShenandoahHeap::heap()->unload_classes()) {
-    SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Concurrent Init Update Refs", " (unload classes)");
-  } else {
-    SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Concurrent Init Update Refs", "");
-  }
-}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.hpp
index e763d1853e3..cf1398e3de6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.hpp
@@ -132,20 +132,6 @@ class ShenandoahConcurrentGC : public ShenandoahGC {
   void start_mark();
 
   static bool has_in_place_promotions(ShenandoahHeap* heap);
-
-  // Messages for GC trace events, they have to be immortal for
-  // passing around the logging/tracing systems
-  const char* init_mark_event_message() const;
-  const char* final_mark_event_message() const;
-  const char* verify_final_event_message() const;
-  const char* conc_final_roots_event_message() const;
-  const char* conc_mark_event_message() const;
-  const char* conc_reset_event_message() const;
-  const char* conc_reset_after_collect_event_message() const;
-  const char* conc_weak_refs_event_message() const;
-  const char* conc_weak_roots_event_message() const;
-  const char* conc_cleanup_event_message() const;
-  const char* conc_init_update_refs_event_message() const;
 };
 
 #endif // SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHCONCURRENTGC_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahDegeneratedGC.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahDegeneratedGC.cpp
index 3c3cdc4a90a..439e23af281 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahDegeneratedGC.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahDegeneratedGC.cpp
@@ -465,21 +465,35 @@ void ShenandoahDegenGC::op_degenerated_futile() {
 
 const char* ShenandoahDegenGC::degen_event_message(ShenandoahDegenPoint point) const {
   switch (point) {
-    case _degenerated_unset:
-      SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Pause Degenerated GC", " (<UNSET>)");
-    case _degenerated_outside_cycle:
-      SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Pause Degenerated GC", " (Outside of Cycle)");
-    case _degenerated_roots:
-      SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Pause Degenerated GC", " (Roots)");
-    case _degenerated_mark:
-      SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Pause Degenerated GC", " (Mark)");
-    case _degenerated_evac:
-      SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Pause Degenerated GC", " (Evacuation)");
-    case _degenerated_update_refs:
-      SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Pause Degenerated GC", " (Update Refs)");
-    default:
+    case _degenerated_unset: {
+      SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Pause Degenerated GC", " (<UNSET>)");
+      return msg;
+    }
+    case _degenerated_outside_cycle: {
+      SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Pause Degenerated GC", " (Outside of Cycle)");
+      return msg;
+    }
+    case _degenerated_roots: {
+      SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Pause Degenerated GC", " (Roots)");
+      return msg;
+    }
+    case _degenerated_mark: {
+      SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Pause Degenerated GC", " (Mark)");
+      return msg;
+    }
+    case _degenerated_evac: {
+      SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Pause Degenerated GC", " (Evacuation)");
+      return msg;
+    }
+    case _degenerated_update_refs: {
+      SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Pause Degenerated GC", " (Update Refs)");
+      return msg;
+    }
+    default: {
       ShouldNotReachHere();
-      SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Pause Degenerated GC", " (?)");
+      SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Pause Degenerated GC", " (?)");
+      return msg;
+    }
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.hpp
index 4750a0cb2db..e9761ebeb86 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.hpp
@@ -47,19 +47,24 @@
 class GCTimer;
 class ShenandoahGeneration;
 
-#define SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(generation_type, prefix, postfix) \
+#define SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(loc, generation_type, prefix, postfix)   \
+  const char* loc;                                                        \
   switch (generation_type) {                                              \
     case NON_GEN:                                                         \
-      return prefix postfix;                                              \
+      loc = prefix postfix;                                               \
+      break;                                                              \
     case GLOBAL:                                                          \
-      return prefix " (Global)" postfix;                                  \
+      loc = prefix " (Global)" postfix;                                   \
+      break;                                                              \
     case YOUNG:                                                           \
-      return prefix " (Young)" postfix;                                   \
+      loc = prefix " (Young)" postfix;                                    \
+      break;                                                              \
     case OLD:                                                             \
-      return prefix " (Old)" postfix;                                     \
+      loc = prefix " (Old)" postfix;                                      \
+      break;                                                              \
     default:                                                              \
       ShouldNotReachHere();                                               \
-      return prefix " (Unknown)" postfix;                                 \
+      loc = prefix " (Unknown)" postfix;                                  \
   }                                                                       \
 
 class ShenandoahGCSession : public StackObj {

From f9ee545b2e843069f9326b7e4cc0f4ff43685b9d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ioi Lam <iklam@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 2026 16:02:41 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 559/707] 8389293: Remove developer flag
 -XX:ArchiveHeapTestClass

Reviewed-by: kvn, dholmes
---
 src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassInitializer.cpp |  14 +-
 src/hotspot/share/cds/cds_globals.hpp         |   7 +-
 src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp          | 176 +----------
 src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.hpp          |   6 -
 src/hotspot/share/classfile/moduleEntry.cpp   |  13 +-
 .../share/classfile/systemDictionary.cpp      |   2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/threads.cpp         |   3 -
 test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups                |   2 -
 .../cds/appcds/aotCache/AOTMapTest.java       |  35 ++-
 .../cds/appcds/aotCache/FlatArrayTest.java    | 223 ++++++++++++++
 ...App.java => AOTMapTestValhallaHelper.java} |  52 ++--
 .../cacheObject/ArchiveHeapTestClass.java     | 279 ------------------
 .../cacheObject/ArchivedFlatArrayApp.java     | 157 ----------
 .../cacheObject/ArchivedFlatArrayTest.java    |  76 -----
 .../cacheObject/ArchivedIntegerCacheTest.java |  14 +-
 .../cacheObject/ArchivedIntegerHolder.java    |  38 ---
 .../cacheObject/CheckIntegerCacheApp.java     |   8 -
 17 files changed, 294 insertions(+), 811 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/FlatArrayTest.java
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/test-classes/{AOTMapTestApp.java => AOTMapTestValhallaHelper.java} (71%)
 delete mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchiveHeapTestClass.java
 delete mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedFlatArrayApp.java
 delete mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedFlatArrayTest.java
 delete mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedIntegerHolder.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassInitializer.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassInitializer.cpp
index 9ef96282aeb..7f39d35bd8d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassInitializer.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassInitializer.cpp
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
 
-DEBUG_ONLY(InstanceKlass* _aot_init_class = nullptr;)
+DEBUG_ONLY(InstanceKlass* _aot_init_test_class = nullptr;)
 
 bool AOTClassInitializer::can_archive_initialized_mirror(InstanceKlass* ik) {
   assert(!ArchiveBuilder::is_active() || !ArchiveBuilder::current()->is_in_buffer_space(ik), "must be source klass");
@@ -65,10 +65,10 @@ bool AOTClassInitializer::can_archive_initialized_mirror(InstanceKlass* ik) {
   //
   // Check that no user code is executed during the assembly phase. Otherwise the user
   // code may introduce undesirable environment dependencies into the heap image.
-  // If any of these two flags are set, we allow user code to be executed
+  // If AOTInitTestClass is set, we allow user code to be executed
   // in the assembly phase. Note that these flags are strictly for the purpose
   // of testing HotSpot and are not available in product builds.
-  if (AOTInitTestClass == nullptr && ArchiveHeapTestClass == nullptr) {
+  if (AOTInitTestClass == nullptr) {
     if (ik->defined_by_boot_loader()) {
       // We allow boot classes to be AOT-initialized, except for classes from
       // -Xbootclasspath (cp index >= 1) be AOT-initialized, as such classes may be
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ bool AOTClassInitializer::can_archive_initialized_mirror(InstanceKlass* ik) {
   }
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
-  if (ik == _aot_init_class) {
+  if (ik == _aot_init_test_class) {
     return true;
   }
 #endif
@@ -356,12 +356,12 @@ void AOTClassInitializer::init_test_class(TRAPS) {
       vm_exit_during_initialization("Invalid name for AOTInitTestClass", AOTInitTestClass);
     }
 
-    _aot_init_class = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
-    _aot_init_class->initialize(CHECK);
+    _aot_init_test_class = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
+    _aot_init_test_class->initialize(CHECK);
   }
 }
 
 bool AOTClassInitializer::has_test_class() {
-  return _aot_init_class != nullptr;
+  return _aot_init_test_class != nullptr;
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cds_globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cds_globals.hpp
index 640cde848b8..e6320ad0f85 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cds_globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cds_globals.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -65,11 +65,6 @@
           "Average number of symbols per bucket in shared table")           \
           range(2, 246)                                                     \
                                                                             \
-  develop(ccstr, ArchiveHeapTestClass, nullptr,                             \
-          "For JVM internal testing only. The static field named "          \
-          "\"archivedObjects\" of the specified class is stored in the "    \
-          "CDS archive heap")                                               \
-                                                                            \
   develop(ccstr, AOTInitTestClass, nullptr,                                 \
           "For JVM internal testing only. The specified class is stored "   \
           "in the initialized state in the AOT cache ")                     \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp
index 9f7f5a05ace..4f92eb486ee 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp
@@ -105,14 +105,6 @@ size_t HeapShared::_alloc_size[HeapShared::ALLOC_STAT_SLOTS];
 size_t HeapShared::_total_obj_count;
 size_t HeapShared::_total_obj_size;
 
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-#define ARCHIVE_TEST_FIELD_NAME "archivedObjects"
-static Array<char>* _archived_ArchiveHeapTestClass = nullptr;
-static const char* _test_class_name = nullptr;
-static Klass* _test_class = nullptr;
-static const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* _test_class_record = nullptr;
-#endif
-
 #ifdef ASSERT
 // All classes that have at least one instance in the cached heap.
 static ArchivableKlassTable* _dumptime_classes_with_cached_oops = nullptr;
@@ -142,9 +134,6 @@ static ArchivableStaticFieldInfo archive_subgraph_entry_fields[] = {
   {ARCHIVED_BOOT_LAYER_CLASS,                     ARCHIVED_BOOT_LAYER_FIELD},
   {"java/lang/Module$ArchivedData",               "archivedData"},
 
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-  {nullptr, nullptr}, // Extra slot for -XX:ArchiveHeapTestClass
-#endif
   {nullptr, nullptr},
 };
 
@@ -1204,19 +1193,9 @@ void KlassSubGraphInfo::check_allowed_klass(InstanceKlass* ik) {
     }
   }
 
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-  if (!ik->module()->is_named() && ik->package() == nullptr && ArchiveHeapTestClass != nullptr) {
-    // This class is loaded by ArchiveHeapTestClass
-    return;
-  }
-  const char* testcls_msg = ", or a test class in an unnamed package of an unnamed module";
-#else
-  const char* testcls_msg = "";
-#endif
-
   ResourceMark rm;
-  log_error(aot, heap)("Class %s not allowed in archive heap. Must be in java.base%s%s",
-                       ik->external_name(), lambda_msg, testcls_msg);
+  log_error(aot, heap)("Class %s not allowed in archive heap. Must be in java.base%s",
+                       ik->external_name(), lambda_msg);
   AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_writing_error();
 }
 
@@ -1326,29 +1305,12 @@ void HeapShared::write_subgraph_info_table() {
   d_table->iterate(&copy);
   writer.dump(&_run_time_subgraph_info_table, "subgraphs");
 
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-  if (ArchiveHeapTestClass != nullptr) {
-    size_t len = strlen(ArchiveHeapTestClass) + 1;
-    Array<char>* array = ArchiveBuilder::new_ro_array<char>((int)len);
-    strncpy(array->adr_at(0), ArchiveHeapTestClass, len);
-    _archived_ArchiveHeapTestClass = array;
-  }
-#endif
   if (log_is_enabled(Info, aot, heap)) {
     print_stats();
   }
 }
 
 void HeapShared::serialize_tables(SerializeClosure* soc) {
-
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-  soc->do_ptr(&_archived_ArchiveHeapTestClass);
-  if (soc->reading() && _archived_ArchiveHeapTestClass != nullptr) {
-    _test_class_name = _archived_ArchiveHeapTestClass->adr_at(0);
-    setup_test_class(_test_class_name);
-  }
-#endif
-
   _run_time_subgraph_info_table.serialize_header(soc);
   soc->do_ptr(&_run_time_special_subgraph);
   DEBUG_ONLY(soc->do_ptr(&_runtime_classes_with_cached_oops));
@@ -1517,13 +1479,6 @@ HeapShared::resolve_or_init_classes_for_subgraph_of(Klass* k, bool do_init, TRAP
   unsigned int hash = SystemDictionaryShared::hash_for_shared_dictionary_quick(k);
   const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record = _run_time_subgraph_info_table.lookup(k, hash, 0);
 
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-  if (_test_class_name != nullptr && k->name()->equals(_test_class_name) && record != nullptr) {
-    _test_class = k;
-    _test_class_record = record;
-  }
-#endif
-
   // Initialize from archived data. Currently this is done only
   // during VM initialization time. No lock is needed.
   if (record == nullptr) {
@@ -2148,18 +2103,6 @@ void HeapShared::init_subgraph_entry_fields(ArchivableStaticFieldInfo fields[],
     TempNewSymbol field_name =  SymbolTable::new_symbol(info->field_name);
     ResourceMark rm; // for stringStream::as_string() etc.
 
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-    bool is_test_class = (ArchiveHeapTestClass != nullptr) && (strcmp(info->klass_name, ArchiveHeapTestClass) == 0);
-    const char* test_class_name = ArchiveHeapTestClass;
-#else
-    bool is_test_class = false;
-    const char* test_class_name = ""; // avoid C++ printf checks warnings.
-#endif
-
-    if (is_test_class) {
-      log_warning(aot)("Loading ArchiveHeapTestClass %s ...", test_class_name);
-    }
-
     Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(klass_name, true, THREAD);
     if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
       CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
@@ -2178,35 +2121,15 @@ void HeapShared::init_subgraph_entry_fields(ArchivableStaticFieldInfo fields[],
     assert(InstanceKlass::cast(ik)->defined_by_boot_loader(),
            "Only support boot classes");
 
-    if (is_test_class) {
-      if (ik->module()->is_named()) {
-        // We don't want ArchiveHeapTestClass to be abused to easily load/initialize arbitrary
-        // core-lib classes. You need to at least append to the bootclasspath.
-        stringStream st;
-        st.print("ArchiveHeapTestClass %s is not in unnamed module", test_class_name);
-        THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), st.as_string());
-      }
-
-      if (ik->package() != nullptr) {
-        // This restriction makes HeapShared::is_a_test_class_in_unnamed_module() easy.
-        stringStream st;
-        st.print("ArchiveHeapTestClass %s is not in unnamed package", test_class_name);
-        THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), st.as_string());
-      }
-    } else {
-      if (ik->module()->name() != vmSymbols::java_base()) {
-        // We don't want to deal with cases when a module is unavailable at runtime.
-        // FUTURE -- load from archived heap only when module graph has not changed
-        //           between dump and runtime.
-        stringStream st;
-        st.print("%s is not in java.base module", info->klass_name);
-        THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), st.as_string());
-      }
+    if (ik->module()->name() != vmSymbols::java_base()) {
+      // We don't want to deal with cases when a module is unavailable at runtime.
+      // FUTURE -- load from archived heap only when module graph has not changed
+      //           between dump and runtime.
+      stringStream st;
+      st.print("%s is not in java.base module", info->klass_name);
+      THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), st.as_string());
     }
 
-    if (is_test_class) {
-      log_warning(aot)("Initializing ArchiveHeapTestClass %s ...", test_class_name);
-    }
     ik->initialize(CHECK);
 
     ArchivableStaticFieldFinder finder(ik, field_name);
@@ -2230,89 +2153,8 @@ void HeapShared::init_subgraph_entry_fields(TRAPS) {
   }
 }
 
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-void HeapShared::setup_test_class(const char* test_class_name) {
-  ArchivableStaticFieldInfo* p = archive_subgraph_entry_fields;
-  int num_slots = sizeof(archive_subgraph_entry_fields) / sizeof(ArchivableStaticFieldInfo);
-  assert(p[num_slots - 2].klass_name == nullptr, "must have empty slot that's patched below");
-  assert(p[num_slots - 1].klass_name == nullptr, "must have empty slot that marks the end of the list");
-
-  if (test_class_name != nullptr) {
-    p[num_slots - 2].klass_name = test_class_name;
-    p[num_slots - 2].field_name = ARCHIVE_TEST_FIELD_NAME;
-  }
-}
-
-// See if ik is one of the test classes that are pulled in by -XX:ArchiveHeapTestClass
-// during runtime. This may be called before the module system is initialized so
-// we cannot rely on InstanceKlass::module(), etc.
-bool HeapShared::is_a_test_class_in_unnamed_module(Klass* ik) {
-  if (_test_class != nullptr) {
-    if (ik == _test_class) {
-      return true;
-    }
-    Array<Klass*>* klasses = _test_class_record->subgraph_object_klasses();
-    if (klasses == nullptr) {
-      return false;
-    }
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < klasses->length(); i++) {
-      Klass* k = klasses->at(i);
-      if (k == ik) {
-        Symbol* name;
-        if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
-          name = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->name();
-        } else if (k->is_objArray_klass()) {
-          Klass* bk = ObjArrayKlass::cast(k)->bottom_klass();
-          if (!bk->is_instance_klass()) {
-            return false;
-          }
-          name = bk->name();
-        } else {
-          return false;
-        }
-
-        // See KlassSubGraphInfo::check_allowed_klass() - we only allow test classes
-        // to be:
-        //   (A) java.base classes (which must not be in the unnamed module)
-        //   (B) test classes which must be in the unnamed package of the unnamed module.
-        // So if we see a '/' character in the class name, it must be in (A);
-        // otherwise it must be in (B).
-        if (name->index_of_at(0, "/", 1)  >= 0) {
-          return false; // (A)
-        }
-
-        return true; // (B)
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  return false;
-}
-
-void HeapShared::initialize_test_class_from_archive(JavaThread* current) {
-  Klass* k = _test_class;
-  if (k != nullptr && is_archived_heap_in_use()) {
-    JavaThread* THREAD = current;
-    ExceptionMark em(THREAD);
-    const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record =
-      resolve_or_init_classes_for_subgraph_of(k, /*do_init=*/false, THREAD);
-
-    // The _test_class is in the unnamed module, so it can't call CDS.initializeFromArchive()
-    // from its <clinit> method. So we set up its "archivedObjects" field first, before
-    // calling its <clinit>. This is not strictly clean, but it's a convenient way to write unit
-    // test cases (see test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchiveHeapTestClass.java).
-    if (record != nullptr) {
-      init_archived_fields_for(k, record);
-    }
-    resolve_or_init_classes_for_subgraph_of(k, /*do_init=*/true, THREAD);
-  }
-}
-#endif
-
 void HeapShared::init_for_dumping(TRAPS) {
   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap()) {
-    setup_test_class(ArchiveHeapTestClass);
     init_subgraph_entry_fields(CHECK);
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.hpp
index 8f7378a4a5a..48ce3bc40dc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.hpp
@@ -442,7 +442,6 @@ class HeapShared: AllStatic {
   // Run-time only
   static void clear_root(int index);
   static void get_segment_indexes(int index, int& segment_index, int& internal_index);
-  static void setup_test_class(const char* test_class_name) PRODUCT_RETURN;
 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 
  public:
@@ -469,11 +468,6 @@ class HeapShared: AllStatic {
   static void write_subgraph_info_table() NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN;
   static void serialize_tables(SerializeClosure* soc) NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN;
 
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-  static bool is_a_test_class_in_unnamed_module(Klass* ik) NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN_(false);
-  static void initialize_test_class_from_archive(TRAPS) NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN;
-#endif
-
   static void initialize_java_lang_invoke(TRAPS) NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN;
   static void init_classes_for_special_subgraph(Handle loader, TRAPS) NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/moduleEntry.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/moduleEntry.cpp
index c7fadeaea9b..c73d15c44d3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/moduleEntry.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/moduleEntry.cpp
@@ -617,18 +617,7 @@ void ModuleEntryTable::patch_javabase_entries(JavaThread* current, Handle module
   for (int i = 0; i < list_length; i++) {
     Klass* k = list->at(i);
     assert(k->is_klass(), "List should only hold classes");
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-    if (HeapShared::is_a_test_class_in_unnamed_module(k)) {
-      // We allow -XX:ArchiveHeapTestClass to archive additional classes
-      // into the CDS heap, but these must be in the unnamed module.
-      ModuleEntry* unnamed_module = ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data()->unnamed_module();
-      Handle unnamed_module_handle(current, unnamed_module->module_oop());
-      java_lang_Class::fixup_module_field(k, unnamed_module_handle);
-    } else
-#endif
-    {
-      java_lang_Class::fixup_module_field(k, module_handle);
-    }
+    java_lang_Class::fixup_module_field(k, module_handle);
     k->class_loader_data()->dec_keep_alive_ref_count();
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionary.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionary.cpp
index 87af1458c18..6141eeb7bd0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionary.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/systemDictionary.cpp
@@ -1003,7 +1003,7 @@ bool SystemDictionary::is_shared_class_visible_impl(Symbol* class_name,
     // has restricted the classes can be loaded at this step to be only:
     // [1] cs->is_modules_image(): classes in java.base, or,
     // [2] HeapShared::is_a_test_class_in_unnamed_module(ik): classes in bootstrap/unnamed module
-    assert(cl->is_modules_image() || HeapShared::is_a_test_class_in_unnamed_module(ik),
+    assert(cl->is_modules_image(),
            "only these classes can be loaded before the module system is initialized");
     assert(class_loader.is_null(), "sanity");
     return true;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/threads.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/threads.cpp
index 8c414e10ba9..6663966f36e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/threads.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/threads.cpp
@@ -784,9 +784,6 @@ jint Threads::create_vm(JavaVMInitArgs* args, bool* canTryAgain) {
   if (CDSConfig::is_using_aot_linked_classes()) {
     AOTLinkedClassBulkLoader::init_non_javabase_classes(THREAD);
   }
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-  HeapShared::initialize_test_class_from_archive(THREAD);
-#endif
 
   JFR_ONLY(Jfr::on_create_vm_2();)
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
index b7dcba10a35..78eee6addea 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
@@ -553,8 +553,6 @@ hotspot_aot_classlinking = \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/aotProfile \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/ArchivedFieldMetadataMismatchTest.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/BadBSM.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedFlatArrayTest.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchiveHeapTestClass.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedIntegerCacheTest.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedModuleCompareTest.java \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/CDSandJFR.java \
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/AOTMapTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/AOTMapTest.java
index 832c9c33678..5f9652dc7be 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/AOTMapTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/AOTMapTest.java
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
  * @summary Test the contents of -Xlog:aot+map with AOT workflow
  * @requires vm.cds.supports.aot.class.linking
  * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @build AOTMapTest Hello
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar AOTMapTestApp
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar cust.jar Hello
@@ -39,6 +40,7 @@
  * @summary Test the contents of -Xlog:aot+map with dynamic CDS archive
  * @requires vm.cds.supports.aot.class.linking
  * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @build AOTMapTest Hello
@@ -55,16 +57,22 @@
  * @requires vm.cds.supports.aot.class.linking & vm.debug & vm.cds.write.archived.java.heap
  * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value java.base/jdk.internal.misc java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
- * @build Hello
- * @compile test-classes/AOTMapTestApp.java
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar AOTMapTestApp AOTMapTestApp$Wrapper AOTMapTestApp$WrapperWrapper
- *                                                                  AOTMapTestApp$ArchivedData Hello
- * @run main/othervm/timeout=240 AOTMapTest STATIC
+ * @build Hello AOTMapTest
+ * @compile test-classes/AOTMapTestValhallaHelper.java
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar
+ *                 AOTMapTestApp
+ *                 Hello
+ *                 AOTMapTestValhallaHelper
+ *                 AOTMapTestValhallaHelper$Wrapper
+ *                 AOTMapTestValhallaHelper$WrapperWrapper
+ *                 AOTMapTestValhallaHelper$ArchivedData
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=240 AOTMapTest AOT --two-step-training
  */
 
 import java.io.File;
 import java.net.URL;
 import java.net.URLClassLoader;
+import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSAppTester;
 import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
@@ -126,15 +134,17 @@ public String[] vmArgs(RunMode runMode) {
 
             vmArgs.add("-Xmx128M");
             vmArgs.add("-Xlog:aot=debug");
+            vmArgs.add("--add-exports");
+            vmArgs.add("java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED");
 
-            if (isStaticWorkflow()) {
+            if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled()) {
                 vmArgs.add("--enable-preview");
                 vmArgs.add("--add-exports");
                 vmArgs.add("java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED");
-                vmArgs.add("--add-exports");
-                vmArgs.add("java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED");
-                vmArgs.add("-Xbootclasspath/a:" + appJar);
-                vmArgs.add("-XX:ArchiveHeapTestClass=AOTMapTestApp");
+
+                if (runMode == RunMode.ASSEMBLY) {
+                    vmArgs.add("-XX:AOTInitTestClass=AOTMapTestValhallaHelper");
+                }
             }
 
             // filesize=0 ensures that a large map file not broken up in multiple files.
@@ -165,6 +175,11 @@ class AOTMapTestApp {
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         System.out.println("Hello AOTMapTestApp");
         testCustomLoader();
+
+        if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled()) {
+            Class<?> c = Class.forName("AOTMapTestValhallaHelper");
+            c.newInstance();
+        }
     }
 
     static void testCustomLoader() throws Exception {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/FlatArrayTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/FlatArrayTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..94f2234f2a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/FlatArrayTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test Test AOT-cached flat arrays
+ * @requires vm.cds.supports.aot.class.linking
+ * @requires vm.debug
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library /test/jdk/lib/testlibrary /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @build FlatArrayTest
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar
+ *             FlatArrayTestApp MyAOTInitedClass CharPair Wrapper
+ * @run driver FlatArrayTest AOT --two-step-training
+ */
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSAppTester;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
+import jdk.test.lib.StringArrayUtils;
+
+public class FlatArrayTest {
+    static final String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("app.jar");
+    static final String mainClass = FlatArrayTestApp.class.getName();
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        new Tester().run(args);
+    }
+
+    static class Tester extends CDSAppTester {
+        public Tester() {
+            super(mainClass);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String classpath(RunMode runMode) {
+            return appJar;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String[] vmArgs(RunMode runMode) {
+            String args[] = StringArrayUtils.concat("--enable-preview",
+                                                    "--add-exports",
+                                                    "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED");
+            if (runMode == RunMode.ASSEMBLY) {
+                args = StringArrayUtils.concat(args,
+                                               "-Xlog:aot+class=debug",
+                                               "-XX:AOTInitTestClass=MyAOTInitedClass");
+            }
+
+            return args;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String[] appCommandLine(RunMode runMode) {
+            return new String[] {
+                mainClass,
+                runMode.toString(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void checkExecution(OutputAnalyzer out, RunMode runMode) throws Exception {
+            if (runMode == RunMode.TRAINING) {
+                out.shouldContain("Y = 123");
+            } else if (runMode == RunMode.ASSEMBLY) {
+                out.shouldMatch("klasses.* app .*MyAOTInitedClass .* inited");
+                out.shouldMatch("klasses.* app .*CharPair .* inited");
+                out.shouldMatch("klasses.* app .*Wrapper .* inited");
+            } else if (runMode == RunMode.PRODUCTION) {
+                out.shouldContain("Y = 45");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class FlatArrayTestApp {
+    static int X = 45;
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        X = 123;
+        MyAOTInitedClass.test(args[0]);
+    }
+}
+
+value class CharPair implements Comparable<CharPair> {
+    char c0, c1;
+
+    public String toString() {
+        return "(" + c0 + ", " + c1 + ")";
+    }
+
+    public int compareTo(CharPair o) {
+        return (c0 - o.c0) - (c1 - o.c1);
+    }
+
+    public CharPair(char c0, char c1) {
+        this.c0 = c0;
+        this.c1 = c1;
+    }
+}
+
+value class Wrapper implements Comparable<Wrapper> {
+    Integer i;
+
+    public String toString() {
+        return i.toString();
+    }
+
+    public int compareTo(Wrapper o) {
+        return i - o.i;
+    }
+
+    Wrapper(int i) {
+        this.i = new Integer(i);
+    }
+}
+
+// This class is stored in the AOT cache in the initialized state.
+class MyAOTInitedClass {
+    // Note that when MyAOTInitedClass is initialized in the assembly run, FlatArrayTestApp.main()
+    // is not executed, so the cached value of MyAOTInitedClass.Y will be 45;
+    static int Y = FlatArrayTestApp.X;
+
+    static Integer[] intArray;
+    static CharPair[] charPairArray;
+    static Wrapper[] wrapperArray;
+
+    static CharPair charPair;
+    static Wrapper wrapper;
+
+    static {
+        intArray = new Integer[3];
+        intArray[0] = null;
+        System.out.println("TEST: " + (intArray[0] == null));
+        intArray[0] = new Integer(0);
+        intArray[1] = new Integer(1);
+        intArray[2] = new Integer(2);
+
+        charPairArray = new CharPair[3];
+        charPairArray[0] = new CharPair('a', 'b');
+        charPairArray[1] = new CharPair('c', 'd');
+        charPairArray[2] = new CharPair('e', 'f');
+
+        wrapperArray = new Wrapper[3];
+        wrapperArray[0] = new Wrapper(0);
+        wrapperArray[1] = new Wrapper(1);
+        wrapperArray[2] = new Wrapper(2);
+
+        charPair = new CharPair('x', 'y');
+        wrapper = new Wrapper(5);
+    }
+
+    static void test(String runMode) {
+        System.out.println("Y = " + Y);
+        if (runMode.equals("PRODUCTION") && Y != 45) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("MyAOTInitedClass must be AOT-inited");
+        }
+
+        if (!ValueClass.isFlatArray(intArray)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Integer array should be flat");
+        }
+
+        if (!ValueClass.isFlatArray(charPairArray)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("CharPair array should be flat");
+        }
+
+        if (!ValueClass.isFlatArray(wrapperArray)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Wrapper array should be flat");
+        }
+
+        // Ensure archived arrays are restored properly
+        Integer[] runtimeIntArray = new Integer[3];
+        runtimeIntArray[0] = new Integer(0);
+        runtimeIntArray[1] = new Integer(1);
+        runtimeIntArray[2] = new Integer(2);
+
+        CharPair[] runtimeCharPairArray = new CharPair[3];
+        runtimeCharPairArray[0] = new CharPair('a', 'b');
+        runtimeCharPairArray[1] = new CharPair('c', 'd');
+        runtimeCharPairArray[2] = new CharPair('e', 'f');
+
+        Wrapper[] runtimeWrapperArray = new Wrapper[3];
+        runtimeWrapperArray[0] = new Wrapper(0);
+        runtimeWrapperArray[1] = new Wrapper(1);
+        runtimeWrapperArray[2] = new Wrapper(2);
+
+        if (Arrays.compare(intArray, runtimeIntArray) != 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Integer array not restored correctly");
+        }
+
+        if (Arrays.compare(charPairArray, runtimeCharPairArray) != 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("CharPair array not restored correctly");
+        }
+
+        if (Arrays.compare(wrapperArray, runtimeWrapperArray) != 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Wrapper array not restored correctly");
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/test-classes/AOTMapTestApp.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/test-classes/AOTMapTestValhallaHelper.java
similarity index 71%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/test-classes/AOTMapTestApp.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/test-classes/AOTMapTestValhallaHelper.java
index c8b338cbc42..e237e5de7be 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/test-classes/AOTMapTestApp.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/test-classes/AOTMapTestValhallaHelper.java
@@ -21,13 +21,13 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
-import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
 import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
 
 // Test app for flat arrays in the AOT map
-public class AOTMapTestApp {
-
+// This class is AOT-initialized during the AOT assembly phase (see
+// the use of -XX:AOTInitTestClass in ../AOTMapTest.java)
+public class AOTMapTestValhallaHelper {
     public static value class Wrapper implements Comparable<Wrapper> {
         Integer i;
 
@@ -96,48 +96,42 @@ public static class ArchivedData {
             wrapperWrapper = new WrapperWrapper(0xbbbb6666);
             a = 0x7788;
             b = new Integer(0x8899);
+            super();
         }
     }
 
-    static ArchivedData archivedObjects;
-    static {
-        if (archivedObjects == null) {
-            archivedObjects = new ArchivedData();
-        } else {
-            System.out.println("Initialized from CDS");
-            System.out.println("boxArray " + archivedObjects.boxArray);
-            System.out.println("wrapperArray " + archivedObjects.wrapperArray);
-            System.out.println("wrapperWrapperArray " + archivedObjects.wrapperWrapperArray);
-            System.out.println("objArray " + archivedObjects.objArray);
-            System.out.println("wrapper " + archivedObjects.wrapper);
-            System.out.println("wrapperWrapper " + archivedObjects.wrapperWrapper);
-            System.out.println("a " + archivedObjects.a);
-            System.out.println("b " + archivedObjects.b);
-        }
-    }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        System.out.println("Hello FlatAOTMapTestApp");
-        Class.forName("Hello");
-
-        if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() && !ValueClass.isFlatArray(archivedObjects.boxArray)) {
+    // This object will be stored in the AOT cache.
+    static ArchivedData archivedObjects = new ArchivedData();
+
+    // This is called by reflection code in AOTMapTestApp.main() in ../AOTMapTest.java
+    public AOTMapTestValhallaHelper() {
+        System.out.println("boxArray " + archivedObjects.boxArray);
+        System.out.println("wrapperArray " + archivedObjects.wrapperArray);
+        System.out.println("wrapperWrapperArray " + archivedObjects.wrapperWrapperArray);
+        System.out.println("objArray " + archivedObjects.objArray);
+        System.out.println("wrapper " + archivedObjects.wrapper);
+        System.out.println("wrapperWrapper " + archivedObjects.wrapperWrapper);
+        System.out.println("a " + archivedObjects.a);
+        System.out.println("b " + archivedObjects.b);
+
+        if (!ValueClass.isFlatArray(archivedObjects.boxArray)) {
             throw new RuntimeException("Boxing class array should be flat");
         }
 
-        if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() && (!ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(archivedObjects.nullFreeBoxArray) ||
+        if ((!ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(archivedObjects.nullFreeBoxArray) ||
             !ValueClass.isFlatArray(archivedObjects.nullFreeBoxArray))) {
             throw new RuntimeException("Boxing class array should be null-free and flat");
         }
 
-        if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() && !ValueClass.isFlatArray(archivedObjects.wrapperArray)) {
+        if (!ValueClass.isFlatArray(archivedObjects.wrapperArray)) {
             throw new RuntimeException("Wrapper array should be flat");
         }
 
-        if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() && !ValueClass.isFlatArray(archivedObjects.wrapperWrapperArray)) {
+        if (!ValueClass.isFlatArray(archivedObjects.wrapperWrapperArray)) {
             throw new RuntimeException("WrapperWrapper array should be flat");
         }
 
-        if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled() && ValueClass.isFlatArray(archivedObjects.objArray)) {
+        if (ValueClass.isFlatArray(archivedObjects.objArray)) {
             throw new RuntimeException("Object array should not be flat");
         }
     }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchiveHeapTestClass.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchiveHeapTestClass.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b1ccff1bfa..00000000000
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchiveHeapTestClass.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,279 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
- *
- * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
- * accompanied this code).
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
- * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *
- * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
- * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
- * questions.
- *
- */
-
-/*
- * @test
- * @bug 8214781 8293187
- * @summary Test for the -XX:ArchiveHeapTestClass flag
- * @requires vm.debug == true & vm.cds.write.archived.java.heap
- * @requires vm.cds.supports.aot.class.linking
- * @modules java.logging
- * @library /test/jdk/lib/testlibrary /test/lib
- *          /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds
- *          /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes
- * @build ArchiveHeapTestClass Hello pkg.ClassInPackage
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar boot.jar
- *             CDSTestClassA CDSTestClassA$XX CDSTestClassA$YY
- *             CDSTestClassB CDSTestClassC CDSTestClassD
- *             CDSTestClassE CDSTestClassF
- *             pkg.ClassInPackage
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar Hello
- * @run driver ArchiveHeapTestClass
- */
-
-import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSTestUtils;
-import jdk.test.lib.Platform;
-import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
-import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
-
-public class ArchiveHeapTestClass {
-    static final String bootJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("boot.jar");
-    static final String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("app.jar");
-    static final String[] appClassList = {"Hello"};
-
-    static final String CDSTestClassA_name = CDSTestClassA.class.getName();
-    static final String CDSTestClassB_name = CDSTestClassB.class.getName();
-    static final String CDSTestClassC_name = CDSTestClassC.class.getName();
-    static final String CDSTestClassD_name = CDSTestClassD.class.getName();
-    static final String CDSTestClassE_name = CDSTestClassE.class.getName();
-    static final String CDSTestClassF_name = CDSTestClassF.class.getName();
-    static final String ClassInPackage_name = pkg.ClassInPackage.class.getName().replace('.', '/');
-    static final String ARCHIVE_TEST_FIELD_NAME = "archivedObjects";
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        testDebugBuild();
-    }
-
-    static OutputAnalyzer dumpHelloOnly(String... extraOpts) throws Exception {
-        return TestCommon.dump(appJar, appClassList, extraOpts);
-    }
-
-    static OutputAnalyzer dumpBootAndHello(String bootClass, String... extraOpts) throws Exception {
-        String classlist[] = TestCommon.concat(appClassList, bootClass);
-        extraOpts = TestCommon.concat(extraOpts,
-                                      "-Xbootclasspath/a:" + bootJar,
-                                      "-XX:ArchiveHeapTestClass=" + bootClass,
-                                      "-Xlog:aot+heap");
-        return TestCommon.dump(appJar, classlist, extraOpts);
-    }
-
-    static int caseNum = 0;
-    static void testCase(String s) {
-        System.out.println("==================================================");
-        System.out.println(" Test " + (++caseNum) + ": " + s);
-    }
-
-    static void mustContain(OutputAnalyzer output, String... expectStrs) throws Exception {
-        for (String s : expectStrs) {
-            output.shouldContain(s);
-        }
-    }
-
-    static void mustFail(OutputAnalyzer output, String... expectStrs) throws Exception {
-        mustContain(output, expectStrs);
-        output.shouldNotHaveExitValue(0);
-    }
-
-    static void mustSucceed(OutputAnalyzer output, String... expectStrs) throws Exception {
-        mustContain(output, expectStrs);
-        output.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
-    }
-
-    static void testDebugBuild() throws Exception {
-        OutputAnalyzer output;
-
-        testCase("Simple positive case");
-        output = dumpBootAndHello(CDSTestClassA_name);
-        mustSucceed(output, CDSTestClassA.getOutput()); // make sure <clinit> is executed
-        output.shouldMatch("warning.*aot.*Loading ArchiveHeapTestClass " + CDSTestClassA_name);
-        output.shouldMatch("warning.*aot.*Initializing ArchiveHeapTestClass " + CDSTestClassA_name);
-        output.shouldContain("Archived field " + CDSTestClassA_name + "::" + ARCHIVE_TEST_FIELD_NAME);
-        output.shouldMatch("Archived object klass CDSTestClassA .*\\[LCDSTestClassA;");
-        output.shouldMatch("Archived object klass CDSTestClassA .*CDSTestClassA\\$YY");
-
-        TestCommon.run("-Xbootclasspath/a:" + bootJar, "-cp", appJar, "-Xlog:aot+heap", CDSTestClassA_name)
-            .assertNormalExit(CDSTestClassA.getOutput(),
-                              "resolve subgraph " + CDSTestClassA_name);
-
-        testCase("Class doesn't exist");
-        output = dumpHelloOnly("-XX:ArchiveHeapTestClass=NoSuchClass");
-        mustFail(output, "Fail to initialize archive heap: NoSuchClass cannot be loaded");
-
-        testCase("Class doesn't exist (objarray)");
-        output = dumpHelloOnly("-XX:ArchiveHeapTestClass=[LNoSuchClass;");
-        mustFail(output, "Fail to initialize archive heap: [LNoSuchClass; cannot be loaded");
-
-        testCase("Not an instance klass");
-        output = dumpHelloOnly("-XX:ArchiveHeapTestClass=[Ljava/lang/Object;");
-        mustFail(output, "Fail to initialize archive heap: [Ljava/lang/Object; is not an instance class");
-
-        testCase("Not in boot loader");
-        output = dumpHelloOnly("-XX:ArchiveHeapTestClass=Hello");
-        mustFail(output, "Fail to initialize archive heap: Hello cannot be loaded by the boot loader");
-
-        testCase("Not from unnamed module");
-        output = dumpHelloOnly("-XX:ArchiveHeapTestClass=java/lang/Object");
-        mustFail(output, "ArchiveHeapTestClass java/lang/Object is not in unnamed module");
-
-        testCase("Not from unnamed package");
-        output = dumpBootAndHello(ClassInPackage_name);
-        mustFail(output, "ArchiveHeapTestClass pkg/ClassInPackage is not in unnamed package");
-
-        testCase("Field not found");
-        output = dumpBootAndHello(CDSTestClassB_name);
-        mustFail(output, "Unable to find the static T_OBJECT field CDSTestClassB::archivedObjects");
-
-        testCase("Not a static field");
-        output = dumpBootAndHello(CDSTestClassC_name);
-        mustFail(output, "Unable to find the static T_OBJECT field CDSTestClassC::archivedObjects");
-
-        testCase("Not a T_OBJECT field");
-        output = dumpBootAndHello(CDSTestClassD_name);
-        mustFail(output, "Unable to find the static T_OBJECT field CDSTestClassD::archivedObjects");
-
-        if (!CDSTestUtils.isAOTClassLinkingEnabled()) {
-            testCase("Use a disallowed class: in unnamed module but not in unname package");
-            output = dumpBootAndHello(CDSTestClassE_name);
-            mustFail(output, "Class pkg.ClassInPackage not allowed in archive heap");
-
-            testCase("Use a disallowed class: not in java.base module");
-            output = dumpBootAndHello(CDSTestClassF_name);
-            mustFail(output, "Class java.util.logging.Level not allowed in archive heap");
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-class CDSTestClassA {
-    static final String output = "CDSTestClassA.<clinit> was executed";
-    static Object[] archivedObjects;
-    static {
-        // The usual convention would be to call this here:
-        //     CDS.initializeFromArchive(CDSTestClassA.class);
-        // However, the CDS class is not exported to the unnamed module by default,
-        // and we don't want to use "--add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED", as
-        // that would disable the archived full module graph, which will disable
-        // CDSConfig::is_using_aot_linked_classes().
-        //
-        // Instead, HeapShared::initialize_test_class_from_archive() will set up the
-        // "archivedObjects" field first, before calling CDSTestClassA.<clinit>. So
-        // if we see that archivedObjects is magically non-null here, that means
-        // it has been restored from the CDS archive.
-        if (archivedObjects == null) {
-            archivedObjects = new Object[5];
-            archivedObjects[0] = output;
-            archivedObjects[1] = new CDSTestClassA[0];
-            archivedObjects[2] = new YY();
-            archivedObjects[3] = new int[0];
-            archivedObjects[4] = new int[2][2];
-        } else {
-            System.out.println("Initialized from CDS");
-        }
-        System.out.println(output);
-        System.out.println("CDSTestClassA   module  = " + CDSTestClassA.class.getModule());
-        System.out.println("CDSTestClassA   package = " + CDSTestClassA.class.getPackage());
-        System.out.println("CDSTestClassA[] module  = " + archivedObjects[1].getClass().getModule());
-        System.out.println("CDSTestClassA[] package = " + archivedObjects[1].getClass().getPackage());
-    }
-
-    static String getOutput() {
-        return output;
-    }
-
-    public static void main(String args[]) {
-        if (CDSTestClassA.class.getModule().isNamed()) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("CDSTestClassA must be in unnamed module");
-        }
-        if (CDSTestClassA.class.getPackage() != null) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("CDSTestClassA must be in null package");
-        }
-        if (archivedObjects[1].getClass().getModule().isNamed()) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("CDSTestClassA[] must be in unnamed module");
-        }
-        if (archivedObjects[1].getClass().getPackage() != null) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("CDSTestClassA[] must be in null package");
-        }
-        XX.doit();
-        YY.doit();
-    }
-
-    // This is an inner class that has NOT been archived.
-    static class XX {
-        static void doit() {
-            System.out.println("XX module  = " + XX.class.getModule());
-            System.out.println("XX package = " + XX.class.getPackage());
-
-            if (XX.class.getModule().isNamed()) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("XX must be in unnamed module");
-            }
-            if (XX.class.getPackage() != null) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("XX must be in null package");
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    // This is an inner class that HAS been archived.
-    static class YY {
-        static void doit() {
-            System.out.println("YY module  = " + YY.class.getModule());
-            System.out.println("YY package = " + YY.class.getPackage());
-
-            if (YY.class.getModule().isNamed()) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("YY must be in unnamed module");
-            }
-            if (YY.class.getPackage() != null) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("YY must be in null package");
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-class CDSTestClassB {
-    // No field named "archivedObjects"
-}
-
-class CDSTestClassC {
-    Object[] archivedObjects; // Not a static field
-}
-
-class CDSTestClassD {
-    static int archivedObjects; // Not an int field
-}
-
-class CDSTestClassE {
-    static Object[] archivedObjects;
-    static {
-        // Not in unnamed package of unnamed module
-        archivedObjects = new Object[1];
-        archivedObjects[0] = new pkg.ClassInPackage();
-    }
-}
-
-class CDSTestClassF {
-    static Object[] archivedObjects;
-    static {
-        // Not in java.base
-        archivedObjects = new Object[1];
-        archivedObjects[0] = java.util.logging.Level.OFF;
-    }
-}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedFlatArrayApp.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedFlatArrayApp.java
deleted file mode 100644
index ec6944cda45..00000000000
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedFlatArrayApp.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,157 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
- *
- * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
- * accompanied this code).
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
- * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *
- * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
- * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
- * questions.
- *
- */
-
-import java.util.Arrays;
-import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
-
-public class ArchivedFlatArrayApp {
-
-    // Check that arrays of both migrated value
-    // classes and custom value classes are archived
-    public static class ArchivedData {
-        Integer[] intArray;
-        CharPair[] charPairArray;
-        Wrapper[] wrapperArray;
-    }
-
-    public static value class CharPair implements Comparable<CharPair> {
-        char c0, c1;
-
-        public String toString() {
-            return "(" + c0 + ", " + c1 + ")";
-        }
-
-        public int compareTo(CharPair o) {
-            return (c0 - o.c0) - (c1 - o.c1);
-        }
-
-        public CharPair(char c0, char c1) {
-            this.c0 = c0;
-            this.c1 = c1;
-        }
-    }
-
-    public static value class Wrapper implements Comparable<Wrapper> {
-        Integer i;
-
-        public String toString() {
-            return i.toString();
-        }
-
-        public int compareTo(Wrapper o) {
-            return i - o.i;
-        }
-
-        Wrapper(int i) {
-            this.i = new Integer(i);
-        }
-    }
-
-    static ArchivedData archivedObjects;
-    static boolean restored;
-    static {
-        if (archivedObjects == null) {
-            restored = false;
-            System.out.println("Not archived");
-            archivedObjects = new ArchivedData();
-
-            archivedObjects.intArray = new Integer[3];
-            archivedObjects.intArray[0] = new Integer(0);
-            archivedObjects.intArray[1] = new Integer(1);
-            archivedObjects.intArray[2] = new Integer(2);
-
-            archivedObjects.charPairArray = new CharPair[3];
-            archivedObjects.charPairArray[0] = new CharPair('a', 'b');
-            archivedObjects.charPairArray[1] = new CharPair('c', 'd');
-            archivedObjects.charPairArray[2] = new CharPair('e', 'f');
-
-            archivedObjects.wrapperArray = new Wrapper[3];
-            archivedObjects.wrapperArray[0] = new Wrapper(0);
-            archivedObjects.wrapperArray[1] = new Wrapper(1);
-            archivedObjects.wrapperArray[2] = new Wrapper(2);
-        } else {
-            restored = true;
-            System.out.println("Initialized from CDS");
-            System.out.println("intArray " + archivedObjects.intArray);
-            System.out.println("charPairArray " + archivedObjects.charPairArray);
-            System.out.println("wrapperArray " + archivedObjects.wrapperArray);
-        }
-
-        for (Integer i : archivedObjects.intArray) {
-            System.out.println(i);
-        }
-
-        for (CharPair c : archivedObjects.charPairArray) {
-            System.out.println(c);
-        }
-
-        for (Wrapper w : archivedObjects.wrapperArray) {
-            System.out.println(w);
-        }
-    }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) {
-        if (!ValueClass.isFlatArray(archivedObjects.intArray)) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("Integer array should be flat");
-        }
-
-        if (!ValueClass.isFlatArray(archivedObjects.charPairArray)) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("CharPair array should be flat");
-        }
-
-        if (!ValueClass.isFlatArray(archivedObjects.wrapperArray)) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("Wrapper array should be flat");
-        }
-
-        if (restored) {
-            // Ensure archived arrays are restored properly
-            Integer[] runtimeIntArray = new Integer[3];
-            runtimeIntArray[0] = new Integer(0);
-            runtimeIntArray[1] = new Integer(1);
-            runtimeIntArray[2] = new Integer(2);
-
-            CharPair[] runtimeCharPairArray = new CharPair[3];
-            runtimeCharPairArray[0] = new CharPair('a', 'b');
-            runtimeCharPairArray[1] = new CharPair('c', 'd');
-            runtimeCharPairArray[2] = new CharPair('e', 'f');
-
-            Wrapper[] runtimeWrapperArray = new Wrapper[3];
-            runtimeWrapperArray[0] = new Wrapper(0);
-            runtimeWrapperArray[1] = new Wrapper(1);
-            runtimeWrapperArray[2] = new Wrapper(2);
-
-            if (Arrays.compare(archivedObjects.intArray, runtimeIntArray) != 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("Integer array not restored correctly");
-            }
-
-            if (Arrays.compare(archivedObjects.charPairArray, runtimeCharPairArray) != 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("CharPair array not restored correctly");
-            }
-
-            if (Arrays.compare(archivedObjects.wrapperArray, runtimeWrapperArray) != 0) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("Wrapper array not restored correctly");
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedFlatArrayTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedFlatArrayTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 90838fd92be..00000000000
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedFlatArrayTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,76 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
- *
- * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
- * accompanied this code).
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
- * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *
- * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
- * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
- * questions.
- *
- */
-
-/*
- * @test
- * @summary Test archived flat arrays
- * @requires vm.cds.write.archived.java.heap
- * @requires vm.debug
- * @library /test/jdk/lib/testlibrary /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds
- * @enablePreview
- * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
- * @compile ArchivedFlatArrayApp.java ArchivedArrayLayoutsApp.java
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar archived_flat_array.jar ArchivedFlatArrayApp
- *                                                                                  ArchivedFlatArrayApp$ArchivedData
- *                                                                                  ArchivedFlatArrayApp$CharPair
- *                                                                                  ArchivedFlatArrayApp$Wrapper
- *                                                                                  ArchivedArrayLayoutsApp
- *                                                                                  ArchivedArrayLayoutsApp$Point
- *                                                                                  ArchivedArrayLayoutsApp$ArchivedData
- * @run main/othervm ArchivedFlatArrayTest
- */
-
-import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSTestUtils;
-import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
-import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
-
-public class ArchivedFlatArrayTest {
-
-    static String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("archived_flat_array.jar");
-    static String mainClass = "ArchivedFlatArrayApp";
-    static String mainClass2 = "ArchivedArrayLayoutsApp";
-
-    public static void test(String className, String[] classlist) throws Exception {
-        String[] suffix = TestCommon.list("--enable-preview",
-                                          "-Xbootclasspath/a:" + appJar,
-                                          "-XX:ArchiveHeapTestClass=" + className,
-                                          "--add-exports",
-                                          "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                                          "-Xlog:aot+heap");
-
-        OutputAnalyzer output = TestCommon.dump(appJar, classlist, suffix);
-        output.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
-        output.shouldContain("Archived field " + className + "::archivedObjects");
-
-        output = TestCommon.exec(appJar, TestCommon.concat(suffix, className));
-        output.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
-        output.shouldContain("init subgraph " + className);
-        output.shouldContain("Initialized from CDS");
-    }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        test(mainClass, TestCommon.list(mainClass, "ArchivedFlatArrayApp$ArchivedData", "ArchivedFlatArrayApp$CharPair"));
-        test(mainClass2, TestCommon.list(mainClass2, "ArchivedArrayLayoutsApp$ArchivedData", "ArchivedArrayLayoutsApp$Point"));
-    }
-}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedIntegerCacheTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedIntegerCacheTest.java
index f69f2be4864..4bd85275090 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedIntegerCacheTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedIntegerCacheTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,11 +27,10 @@
  * @summary Test primitive box caches integrity in various scenarios (IntegerCache etc)
  * @requires vm.cds.write.archived.java.heap
  * @library /test/jdk/lib/testlibrary /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds
- * @compile --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED CheckIntegerCacheApp.java ArchivedIntegerHolder.java
+ * @compile --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED CheckIntegerCacheApp.java
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar WhiteBox.jar jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar boxCache.jar CheckIntegerCacheApp
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar boxCache-boot.jar ArchivedIntegerHolder
  * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbootclasspath/a:./WhiteBox.jar ArchivedIntegerCacheTest
  */
 
@@ -47,15 +46,10 @@ public class ArchivedIntegerCacheTest {
     private static WhiteBox WB = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
 
     public static String[] mixArgs(String... args) {
-        String bootJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("boxCache-boot.jar");
-
-        String[] newArgs = new String[args.length + 5];
+        String[] newArgs = new String[args.length + 2];
         newArgs[0] = "--add-exports";
         newArgs[1] = "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED";
-        newArgs[2] = "-Xbootclasspath/a:" + bootJar;
-        newArgs[3] = "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions";
-        newArgs[4] = "-XX:ArchiveHeapTestClass=ArchivedIntegerHolder";
-        System.arraycopy(args, 0, newArgs, 5, args.length);
+        System.arraycopy(args, 0, newArgs, 2, args.length);
         return newArgs;
     }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedIntegerHolder.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedIntegerHolder.java
deleted file mode 100644
index c8ab0db7d34..00000000000
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedIntegerHolder.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
- *
- * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
- * accompanied this code).
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
- * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *
- * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
- * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
- * questions.
- *
- */
-
-import jdk.internal.misc.CDS;
-
-public class ArchivedIntegerHolder {
-    public static Object[] archivedObjects;
-    static {
-        CDS.initializeFromArchive(ArchivedIntegerHolder.class);
-        if (archivedObjects == null) {
-            archivedObjects = new Object[256];
-            for (int i = -128; i <= 127; i++) {
-                archivedObjects[i + 128] = Integer.valueOf(i);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/CheckIntegerCacheApp.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/CheckIntegerCacheApp.java
index 5068d203a91..32f305c0d96 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/CheckIntegerCacheApp.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/CheckIntegerCacheApp.java
@@ -65,14 +65,6 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             }
         }
 
-        // Check that archived integer cache agrees with runtime integer cache.
-        for (int i = -128; i <= 127; i++) {
-            if (ArchivedIntegerHolder.archivedObjects[i + 128] != Integer.valueOf(i)) {
-                throw new RuntimeException(
-                        "FAILED. Archived and runtime caches disagree for " + i);
-            }
-        }
-
         int high = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
         if (Integer.valueOf(high) != Integer.valueOf(high)) {
             throw new RuntimeException(

From 4771360c9b59ed67ed94d30447e78dab48383f4e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Fairoz Matte <fmatte@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 2026 17:12:13 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 560/707] 8389866: ZGC: Accepts an extremely negative
 ZAllocationSpikeTolerance value

Fix ZGC's handling of ZAllocationSpikeTolerance by rejecting invalid values.

Reviewed-by: stefank, tschatzl
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/z/z_globals.hpp          |  1 +
 .../gc/z/TestZAllocationSpikeTolerance.java   | 78 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 79 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/z/TestZAllocationSpikeTolerance.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/z_globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/z_globals.hpp
index ceffd490ba0..06adba80be0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/z_globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/z_globals.hpp
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
                                                                             \
   product(double, ZAllocationSpikeTolerance, 2.0,                           \
           "Allocation spike tolerance factor")                              \
+          range(0, INT_MAX)                                                 \
                                                                             \
   product(double, ZFragmentationLimit, 5.0,                                 \
           "Maximum allowed heap fragmentation")                             \
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/z/TestZAllocationSpikeTolerance.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/z/TestZAllocationSpikeTolerance.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..678829c33e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/z/TestZAllocationSpikeTolerance.java
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test TestZAllocationSpikeTolerance
+ * @bug 8389866
+ * @summary Verifies TestZAllocationSpikeTolerance range
+ *          - fails gracefully for invalid value
+ *          - succeeds for valid value
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.gc.Z
+ * @run driver gc.z.TestZAllocationSpikeTolerance
+ */
+package gc.z;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Platform;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+
+public class TestZAllocationSpikeTolerance {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        testInvalidValue();
+        testValidValue();
+    }
+
+    private static void testInvalidValue() throws Exception {
+        ProcessBuilder pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder(
+            "-XX:+UseZGC",
+            "-XX:ZAllocationSpikeTolerance=-1", // invalid range
+            "-version"
+        );
+
+        OutputAnalyzer output = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+
+        // Ensure no crash (no assert failure)
+        output.shouldNotContain("assert");
+
+        // Expected graceful error output
+        output.shouldContain("ZAllocationSpikeTolerance");
+        output.shouldContain("outside the allowed range");
+        output.shouldContain("Error: A fatal exception has occurred. Program will exit.");
+
+        // Graceful exit with error code 1
+        output.shouldHaveExitValue(1);
+    }
+
+    private static void testValidValue() throws Exception {
+        ProcessBuilder pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder(
+            "-XX:+UseZGC",
+            "-XX:ZAllocationSpikeTolerance=1", // valid range
+            "-version"
+        );
+
+        OutputAnalyzer output = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+
+        output.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+    }
+}

From 3efdba901cb6273408990d5dfb412008166205b6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Patricio Chilano Mateo <pchilanomate@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 2026 20:17:27 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 561/707] 8388596: Virtual-thread freeze asserts on
 MethodHandle frame with scalarized value argument

Co-authored-by: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: fbredberg, fparain, coleenp
---
 .../share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp  | 12 +---
 .../TestVirtualThreadMethodHandle.java        | 61 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 62 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestVirtualThreadMethodHandle.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
index 7916d4423d2..bfc5fa2b71e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
@@ -1280,23 +1280,13 @@ freeze_result FreezeBase::recurse_freeze_compiled_frame(frame& f, frame& caller,
   int real_frame_size = 0;
   bool augmented = f.was_augmented_on_entry(real_frame_size);
   if (augmented) {
+    assert(f.cb()->as_nmethod()->is_compiled_by_c2(), "should be c2 compiled");
     // The args reside inside the frame so clear argsize. If the caller is compiled,
     // this will cause the stack arguments passed by the caller to be freezed when
     // freezing the caller frame itself. If the caller is interpreted this will have
     // the effect of discarding the arg area created in the i2c stub.
     argsize = 0;
     fsize = real_frame_size - (callee_interpreted ? 0 : callee_argsize);
-#ifdef ASSERT
-    nmethod* nm = f.cb()->as_nmethod();
-    Method* method = nm->method();
-    address return_pc = ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame::return_pc(f);
-    CodeBlob* caller_cb = CodeCache::find_blob_fast(return_pc);
-    assert(nm->is_compiled_by_c2(), "caller should be c2 compiled");
-    assert((!caller_cb->is_nmethod() && nm->is_compiled_by_c2()) ||
-           (nm->compiler_type() != caller_cb->as_nmethod()->compiler_type()) ||
-           (nm->is_compiled_by_c2() && !method->is_static() && method->method_holder()->is_inline_klass()),
-           "frame should not be extended");
-#endif
   }
 
   log_develop_trace(continuations)("recurse_freeze_compiled_frame %s _size: %d fsize: %d argsize: %d augmented: %d",
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestVirtualThreadMethodHandle.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestVirtualThreadMethodHandle.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5a2bc998549
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestVirtualThreadMethodHandle.java
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8388596
+ * @summary Test freezing a c2 compiled MethodHandle target frame with a value class argument
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.continuations
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-Inline -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation TestVirtualThreadMethodHandle
+ */
+
+import java.lang.invoke.*;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestVirtualThreadMethodHandle {
+    static value class V { int a=0, b=0, c=0, d=0, e=0, f=0, g=0; }
+    static boolean failed;
+
+    static MethodHandle MH;
+
+    static void target(V v) { Thread.yield(); }
+
+    static void run() {
+        try {
+            for (int n = 0; n < 20_000; n++) MH.invokeExact(new V());
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            failed = true;
+            throw new RuntimeException("MethodHandle invocation failed", t);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        MH = MethodHandles.lookup().findStatic(TestVirtualThreadMethodHandle.class, "target", MethodType.methodType(void.class, V.class));
+        run();
+        Thread.startVirtualThread(TestVirtualThreadMethodHandle::run).join();
+        Asserts.assertFalse(failed, "MethodHandle invocation failed");
+    }
+}

From 844f1fea58acf40f103cf3fa244533e4ded8ef44 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vicente Romero <vromero@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 2026 21:32:25 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 562/707] 8389071: Javac crashes with OutOfMemoryError during
 Least Upper Bound (LUB) inference of highly entangled F-bounded generic
 classes

Reviewed-by: mcimadamore
---
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/code/Types.java       | 89 ++++++++++++-------
 .../javac/generics/inference/T8389071.java    | 61 +++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 116 insertions(+), 34 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/inference/T8389071.java

diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Types.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Types.java
index 5b83447ce48..5173f37bcf9 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Types.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Types.java
@@ -3864,28 +3864,31 @@ public List<Type> union(List<Type> cl1, List<Type> cl2) {
      * Intersect two closures
      */
     public List<Type> intersect(List<Type> cl1, List<Type> cl2) {
-        if (cl1 == cl2)
-            return cl1;
-        if (cl1.isEmpty() || cl2.isEmpty())
-            return List.nil();
-        if (cl1.head.tsym.precedes(cl2.head.tsym, this))
-            return intersect(cl1.tail, cl2);
-        if (cl2.head.tsym.precedes(cl1.head.tsym, this))
-            return intersect(cl1, cl2.tail);
-        if (isSameType(cl1.head, cl2.head))
-            return intersect(cl1.tail, cl2.tail).prepend(cl1.head);
-        if (cl1.head.tsym == cl2.head.tsym &&
-            cl1.head.hasTag(CLASS) && cl2.head.hasTag(CLASS)) {
-            if (cl1.head.isParameterized() && cl2.head.isParameterized()) {
-                Type merge = merge(cl1.head,cl2.head);
-                return intersect(cl1.tail, cl2.tail).prepend(merge);
-            }
-            if (cl1.head.isRaw() || cl2.head.isRaw())
-                return intersect(cl1.tail, cl2.tail).prepend(erasure(cl1.head));
-        }
-        return intersect(cl1.tail, cl2.tail);
+        return intersectHelper(cl1, cl2, new HashMap<>());
     }
     // where
+        private List<Type> intersectHelper(List<Type> cl1, List<Type> cl2, Map<TypePair, Type> mergeCache) {
+            if (cl1 == cl2)
+                return cl1;
+            if (cl1.isEmpty() || cl2.isEmpty())
+                return List.nil();
+            if (cl1.head.tsym.precedes(cl2.head.tsym, this))
+                return intersectHelper(cl1.tail, cl2, mergeCache);
+            if (cl2.head.tsym.precedes(cl1.head.tsym, this))
+                return intersectHelper(cl1, cl2.tail, mergeCache);
+            if (isSameType(cl1.head, cl2.head))
+                return intersectHelper(cl1.tail, cl2.tail, mergeCache).prepend(cl1.head);
+            if (cl1.head.tsym == cl2.head.tsym &&
+                    cl1.head.hasTag(CLASS) && cl2.head.hasTag(CLASS)) {
+                if (cl1.head.isParameterized() && cl2.head.isParameterized()) {
+                    Type merge = merge(cl1.head,cl2.head, mergeCache);
+                    return intersectHelper(cl1.tail, cl2.tail, mergeCache).prepend(merge);
+                }
+                if (cl1.head.isRaw() || cl2.head.isRaw())
+                    return intersectHelper(cl1.tail, cl2.tail, mergeCache).prepend(erasure(cl1.head));
+            }
+            return intersectHelper(cl1.tail, cl2.tail, mergeCache);
+        }
         class TypePair {
             final Type t1;
             final Type t2;
@@ -3923,8 +3926,11 @@ boolean sameTypeComparator(Type t, Type s) {
             }
         };
 
-        Set<TypePair> mergeCache = new HashSet<>();
-        private Type merge(Type c1, Type c2) {
+        private Type merge(Type c1, Type c2, Map<TypePair, Type> mergeCache) {
+            TypePair pair = new TypePair(c1, c2);
+            Type cached = mergeCache.get(pair);
+            if (cached != null && cached != noType) return cached;
+
             ClassType class1 = (ClassType) c1;
             List<Type> act1 = class1.getTypeArguments();
             ClassType class2 = (ClassType) c2;
@@ -3938,14 +3944,15 @@ private Type merge(Type c1, Type c2) {
                 } else if (containsType(act2.head, act1.head)) {
                     merged.append(act2.head);
                 } else {
-                    TypePair pair = new TypePair(c1, c2);
                     Type m;
-                    if (mergeCache.add(pair)) {
-                        m = new WildcardType(lub(wildUpperBound(act1.head),
-                                                 wildUpperBound(act2.head)),
+                    if (mergeCache.get(pair) == null) {
+                        mergeCache.put(pair, noType);
+                        m = new WildcardType(lubHelper(mergeCache,
+                                                       wildUpperBound(act1.head),
+                                                       wildUpperBound(act2.head)),
                                              BoundKind.EXTENDS,
                                              syms.boundClass);
-                        mergeCache.remove(pair);
+                        mergeCache.remove(pair, noType);
                     } else {
                         m = new WildcardType(syms.objectType,
                                              BoundKind.UNBOUND,
@@ -3960,8 +3967,14 @@ private Type merge(Type c1, Type c2) {
             Assert.check(act1.isEmpty() && act2.isEmpty() && typarams.isEmpty());
             // There is no spec detailing how type annotations are to
             // be inherited.  So set it to noAnnotations for now
-            return new ClassType(class1.getEnclosingType(), merged.toList(),
-                                 class1.tsym);
+            Type result = new ClassType(class1.getEnclosingType(), merged.toList(),
+                                        class1.tsym);
+            /* We need to store this result, to potentially avoid OOM errors that can be produced when many types
+             * that are equal but with different identity are created while determining the lub, in particular
+             * when F-bounded generic classes are present
+             */
+            mergeCache.put(pair, result);
+            return result;
         }
 
     /**
@@ -4020,7 +4033,7 @@ public List<Type> closureMin(List<Type> cl) {
      * not exist return null.
      */
     public Type lub(List<Type> ts) {
-        return lub(ts.toArray(new Type[ts.length()]));
+        return lubHelper(new HashMap<>(), ts.toArray(new Type[ts.length()]));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -4028,6 +4041,14 @@ public Type lub(List<Type> ts) {
      * does not exist return the type of null (bottom).
      */
     public Type lub(Type... ts) {
+        return lubHelper(new HashMap<>(), ts);
+    }
+
+    private Type lubHelper(Map<TypePair, Type> mergeCache, List<Type> ts) {
+        return lubHelper(mergeCache, ts.toArray(new Type[ts.length()]));
+    }
+
+    private Type lubHelper(Map<TypePair, Type> mergeCache, Type... ts) {
         final int UNKNOWN_BOUND = 0;
         final int ARRAY_BOUND = 1;
         final int CLASS_BOUND = 2;
@@ -4086,7 +4107,7 @@ public Type lub(Type... ts) {
                 }
             }
             // lub(A[], B[]) is lub(A, B)[]
-            return new ArrayType(lub(elements), syms.arrayClass);
+            return new ArrayType(lubHelper(mergeCache, elements), syms.arrayClass);
 
         case CLASS_BOUND:
             // calculate lub(A, B)
@@ -4105,7 +4126,7 @@ public Type lub(Type... ts) {
             for (int i = startIdx + 1 ; i < ts.length ; i++) {
                 Type t = ts[i];
                 if (t.hasTag(CLASS) || t.hasTag(TYPEVAR))
-                    cl = intersect(cl, erasedSupertypes(t));
+                    cl = intersectHelper(cl, erasedSupertypes(t), mergeCache);
             }
             //step 2 - compute minimal erased candidate set (MEC)
             List<Type> mec = closureMin(cl);
@@ -4116,7 +4137,7 @@ public Type lub(Type... ts) {
                 List<Type> lci = firstSuperType != null ? List.of(firstSuperType) : List.nil();
                 for (int i = startIdx + 1 ; i < ts.length ; i++) {
                     Type superType = asSuper(ts[i], erasedSupertype.tsym);
-                    lci = intersect(lci, superType != null ? List.of(superType) : List.nil());
+                    lci = intersectHelper(lci, superType != null ? List.of(superType) : List.nil(), mergeCache);
                 }
                 candidates = candidates.appendList(lci);
             }
@@ -4132,7 +4153,7 @@ public Type lub(Type... ts) {
                     classes = classes.prepend(ts[i]);
             }
             // lub(A, B[]) is lub(A, arraySuperType)
-            return lub(classes);
+            return lubHelper(mergeCache, classes);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/inference/T8389071.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/inference/T8389071.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a0c2fcd1b71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/inference/T8389071.java
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8389071
+ * @summary javac OutOfMemoryError when computing lub for types with self-referential
+ *          witness-typed interfaces
+ * @compile T8389071.java
+ */
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+class T8389071 {
+    private interface I<X, IWitness extends I<?, IWitness>> {}
+    private interface J<X, JWitness extends J<?, JWitness>> {}
+    private interface K<X, KWitness extends K<?, KWitness>> {}
+    private interface L<X, LWitness extends L<?, LWitness>> {}
+    private interface M<X, MWitness extends M<?, MWitness>> {}
+    private interface N<X, NWitness extends N<?, NWitness>> {}
+
+    private static class ConsStruct {
+        private static class Empty extends ConsStruct {}
+        private static class Cons<X, Y extends ConsStruct> extends ConsStruct {}
+    }
+
+    private static class A6<X> extends ConsStruct.Cons<X, ConsStruct.Empty> implements
+            I<X, A6<?>>, J<X, A6<?>>, K<X, A6<?>>, L<X, A6<?>>, M<X, A6<?>>, N<X, A6<?>> {}
+    private static class B6<X, Y> extends ConsStruct.Cons<X, A6<Y>> implements
+            I<Y, B6<X, ?>>, J<Y, B6<X, ?>>, K<Y, B6<X, ?>>, L<Y, B6<X, ?>>, M<Y, B6<X, ?>>, N<Y, B6<X, Y>> {}
+    private static class C6<X, Y, Z> extends ConsStruct.Cons<X, B6<Y, Z>> implements
+            I<Z, C6<X, Y, ?>>, J<Z, C6<X, Y, ?>>, K<Z, C6<X, Y, ?>>, L<Z, C6<X, Y, ?>>, M<Z, C6<X, Y, ?>>, N<Z, C6<X, Y, ?>> {}
+
+    void foo() {
+        A6<Boolean> a = new A6<>();
+        B6<Boolean, Integer> b = new B6<>();
+        C6<Boolean, Integer, String> c = new C6<>();
+        java.util.List<ConsStruct.Cons<Boolean, ? extends ConsStruct>> list =
+                Arrays.asList(a, b, c);
+    }
+}

From 993f7b35cfcbaf97f60b3957564752f9d049f7ec Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Patricio Chilano Mateo <pchilanomate@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 2026 21:49:06 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 563/707] 8389187: -XX:+VerifyContinuations triggers
 assert(max_thawing_size() == calculated_max_size)

Co-authored-by: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: fbredberg, fparain
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.cpp     |  4 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.cpp             |  4 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/frame_riscv.cpp         |  4 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.cpp           |  4 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.cpp             |  4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/oops/stackChunkOop.cpp      | 11 +++-
 .../runtime/stackChunkFrameStream.inline.hpp  | 14 ++++-
 .../TestVirtualThreadExtendedFrame.java       | 57 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../inlinetypes/TestVirtualThreads.java       | 14 +++++
 .../jdk/internal/vm/Continuation/Fuzz.java    | 21 ++++++-
 10 files changed, 122 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestVirtualThreadExtendedFrame.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.cpp
index bbfd8528299..cc8d8b82e7b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/frame_aarch64.cpp
@@ -805,8 +805,8 @@ intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(nmethod* nm, intptr_t* sp, intptr_t** saved_fp
 }
 
 bool frame::was_augmented_on_entry(int& real_size) const {
-  assert(is_compiled_frame(), "");
-  if (_cb->as_nmethod_or_null()->needs_stack_repair()) {
+  assert(_cb != nullptr && _cb->is_nmethod(), "");
+  if (_cb->as_nmethod()->needs_stack_repair()) {
     // The stack increment resides just below the saved FP on the stack and
     // records the total frame size excluding the two words for saving FP and LR
     // (see MacroAssembler::remove_frame).
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.cpp
index 3803be5fddb..69e164cfa87 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/frame_ppc.cpp
@@ -505,8 +505,8 @@ intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(nmethod* nm, intptr_t* sp, intptr_t** saved_fp
 }
 
 bool frame::was_augmented_on_entry(int& real_size) const {
-  assert(is_compiled_frame(), "");
-  if (_cb->as_nmethod_or_null()->needs_stack_repair()) {
+  assert(_cb != nullptr && _cb->is_nmethod(), "");
+  if (_cb->as_nmethod()->needs_stack_repair()) {
     Unimplemented();
   }
   real_size = _cb->frame_size();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/frame_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/frame_riscv.cpp
index bf659c6053a..20efa12d832 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/frame_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/frame_riscv.cpp
@@ -629,8 +629,8 @@ intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(nmethod* nm, intptr_t* sp, intptr_t** saved_fp
 }
 
 bool frame::was_augmented_on_entry(int& real_size) const {
-  assert(is_compiled_frame(), "");
-  assert(!_cb->as_nmethod_or_null()->needs_stack_repair(), "unimplemented");
+  assert(_cb != nullptr && _cb->is_nmethod(), "");
+  assert(!_cb->as_nmethod()->needs_stack_repair(), "unimplemented");
   real_size = _cb->frame_size();
   return false;
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.cpp
index 58a3c8b231c..bcbe6478821 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/frame_s390.cpp
@@ -760,8 +760,8 @@ intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(nmethod* nm, intptr_t* sp, intptr_t** saved_fp
 }
 
 bool frame::was_augmented_on_entry(int& real_size) const {
-  assert(is_compiled_frame(), "");
-  if (_cb->as_nmethod_or_null()->needs_stack_repair()) {
+  assert(_cb != nullptr && _cb->is_nmethod(), "");
+  if (_cb->as_nmethod()->needs_stack_repair()) {
     Unimplemented();
   }
   real_size = _cb->frame_size();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.cpp
index 746fe62b4f0..d7ebd9c1a91 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/frame_x86.cpp
@@ -660,8 +660,8 @@ intptr_t* frame::repair_sender_sp(nmethod* nm, intptr_t* sp, intptr_t** saved_fp
 }
 
 bool frame::was_augmented_on_entry(int& real_size) const {
-  assert(is_compiled_frame(), "");
-  if (_cb->as_nmethod_or_null()->needs_stack_repair()) {
+  assert(_cb != nullptr && _cb->is_nmethod(), "");
+  if (_cb->as_nmethod()->needs_stack_repair()) {
     // The stack increment resides just below the saved rbp on the stack
     // and does not account for the return address and rbp (see MacroAssembler::remove_frame).
     intptr_t* real_frame_size_addr = unextended_sp() + _cb->frame_size() - sender_sp_offset - 1;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/stackChunkOop.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/stackChunkOop.cpp
index 67e5e474cce..6033b4e4449 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/stackChunkOop.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/stackChunkOop.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2021, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -534,6 +534,15 @@ class VerifyStackChunkFrameClosure {
     assert(num_oops >= 0, "");
 
     _argsize   = f.stack_argsize() + frame::metadata_words_at_top;
+    if (f.is_compiled()) {
+      int real_frame_size = 0;
+      frame fr = f.to_frame();
+      if (fr.was_augmented_on_entry(real_frame_size)) {
+        // Extended frames exclude stack arguments passed by caller as they are
+        // never accessed. For interpreted callers they are discarded when freezing.
+        _argsize = 0;
+      }
+    }
     _size     += fsize;
     _num_oops += num_oops;
     if (f.is_interpreted()) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackChunkFrameStream.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackChunkFrameStream.inline.hpp
index b799e424178..bfdf39b1c3b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackChunkFrameStream.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/stackChunkFrameStream.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -178,8 +178,16 @@ inline bool StackChunkFrameStream<ChunkFrames::CompiledOnly>::is_interpreted() c
 //
 template <ChunkFrames frame_kind>
 inline int StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::frame_size() const {
-  return is_interpreted() ? interpreter_frame_size()
-                          : cb()->frame_size() + stack_argsize() + frame::metadata_words_at_top;
+  if (is_interpreted()) {
+    return interpreter_frame_size();
+  } else if (is_compiled() && cb()->as_nmethod()->needs_stack_repair()) {
+    int real_frame_size = 0;
+    frame f = to_frame();
+    if (f.was_augmented_on_entry(real_frame_size)) {
+      return real_frame_size;
+    }
+  }
+  return cb()->frame_size() + stack_argsize() + frame::metadata_words_at_top;
 }
 
 template <ChunkFrames frame_kind>
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestVirtualThreadExtendedFrame.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestVirtualThreadExtendedFrame.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..41c240d159a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestVirtualThreadExtendedFrame.java
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8389187
+ * @summary Verify stack chunks with extended compiled frames
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.debug == true & vm.continuations
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+VerifyContinuations TestVirtualThreadExtendedFrame
+ */
+
+public class TestVirtualThreadExtendedFrame {
+    static value class V {
+        int a0 = 0, a1 = 0, a2 = 0, a3 = 0, a4 = 0;
+    }
+
+    static volatile int sink;
+
+    static void recurse(V value, int depth, boolean park) {
+        if (depth > 0) {
+            recurse(value, depth - 1, park);
+        } else if (park) {
+            sink = value.a0;
+            Thread.yield();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; i++) {
+            recurse(new V(), 2, false);
+        }
+        Thread thread = Thread.startVirtualThread(() -> recurse(new V(), 2, true));
+        thread.join();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestVirtualThreads.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestVirtualThreads.java
index 3607459a5ba..f66ab190a27 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestVirtualThreads.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestVirtualThreads.java
@@ -204,6 +204,20 @@
  *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads 50000
  */
 
+/*
+ * @test id=verify-cont
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test that Virtual Threads work well with Value Objects.
+ * @library /test/lib /compiler/whitebox /
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @requires vm.debug == true & vm.continuations
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=600 -Xbootclasspath/a:. -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *                               -XX:+VerifyContinuations
+ *                               compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes.TestVirtualThreads
+ */
+
 package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
 
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/internal/vm/Continuation/Fuzz.java b/test/jdk/jdk/internal/vm/Continuation/Fuzz.java
index 71038b003e3..25b5601188f 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/internal/vm/Continuation/Fuzz.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/internal/vm/Continuation/Fuzz.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-* Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+* Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -58,6 +58,25 @@
  *                                Fuzz
  */
 
+/*
+ * @test id=verify-cont
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Fuzz tests for jdk.internal.vm.Continuation
+ * @requires vm.debug == true & vm.continuations
+ * @requires vm.flavor == "server" & (vm.opt.TieredStopAtLevel == null | vm.opt.TieredStopAtLevel == 4)
+ * @requires vm.opt.TieredCompilation == null | vm.opt.TieredCompilation == true
+ * @modules java.base java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation java.base/jdk.internal.vm
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build java.base/java.lang.StackWalkerHelper
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ *
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=1200 -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbootclasspath/a:.
+ *                                -XX:+VerifyContinuations
+ *                                Fuzz
+ */
+
 import jdk.internal.vm.Continuation;
 import jdk.internal.vm.ContinuationScope;
 

From aa0fbef91aa8d4f69353c40cd01a6d3b502fc477 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ashay Rane <arane@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 2026 22:21:44 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 564/707] 8387792: Enable PAC-RET for VM code on Windows/ARM64

Reviewed-by: haosun, erikj
---
 doc/building.html                             | 12 +++--
 doc/building.md                               |  8 ++--
 make/autoconf/flags-cflags.m4                 | 16 +++++--
 make/autoconf/flags-other.m4                  |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp         | 16 +++++++
 .../windows_aarch64/pauth_windows_aarch64.S   | 47 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../pauth_windows_aarch64.inline.hpp          |  5 +-
 7 files changed, 92 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/hotspot/os_cpu/windows_aarch64/pauth_windows_aarch64.S

diff --git a/doc/building.html b/doc/building.html
index ed77db50834..53defa0c61c 100644
--- a/doc/building.html
+++ b/doc/building.html
@@ -366,11 +366,13 @@ <h3 id="building-on-aarch64">Building on aarch64</h3>
 also possible to use <a href="#cross-compiling">cross-compiling</a>.</p>
 <h4 id="branch-protection">Branch Protection</h4>
 <p>In order to use Branch Protection features in the VM,
-<code>--enable-branch-protection</code> must be used. This option
-requires C++ compiler support (GCC 9.1.0+ or Clang 10+). The resulting
-build can be run on both machines with and without support for branch
-protection in hardware. Branch Protection is only supported for Linux
-targets.</p>
+<code>--enable-branch-protection</code> must be used. This option requires C++
+compiler support for <code>-mbranch-protection=standard</code> in GCC 9.1.0+ or
+Clang 10+ on Linux/AArch64 or for <code>/guard:signret</code> in Visual Studio
+2019+ on Windows/ARM64. The resulting build can be run on both machines with and
+without support for branch protection in hardware. Branch Protection is fully
+supported for the Linux/AArch64 target and only partially supported for the
+Windows/ARM64 targets.</p>
 <h3 id="building-on-32-bit-arm">Building on 32-bit ARM</h3>
 <p>This is not recommended. Instead, see the section on <a
 href="#cross-compiling">Cross-compiling</a>.</p>
diff --git a/doc/building.md b/doc/building.md
index 7e9211d8f66..17eaf760b06 100644
--- a/doc/building.md
+++ b/doc/building.md
@@ -171,9 +171,11 @@ possible to use [cross-compiling](#cross-compiling).
 
 In order to use Branch Protection features in the VM,
 `--enable-branch-protection` must be used. This option requires C++ compiler
-support (GCC 9.1.0+ or Clang 10+). The resulting build can be run on both
-machines with and without support for branch protection in hardware. Branch
-Protection is only supported for Linux targets.
+support for `-mbranch-protection=standard` in GCC 9.1.0+ or Clang 10+ on
+Linux/AArch64 or for `/guard:signret` in Visual Studio 2019+ on Windows/ARM64.
+The resulting build can be run on both machines with and without support for
+branch protection in hardware. Branch Protection is fully supported for the
+Linux/AArch64 target and only partially supported for the Windows/ARM64 target.
 
 ### Building on 32-bit ARM
 
diff --git a/make/autoconf/flags-cflags.m4 b/make/autoconf/flags-cflags.m4
index 423654cd50a..8f8a7af47fc 100644
--- a/make/autoconf/flags-cflags.m4
+++ b/make/autoconf/flags-cflags.m4
@@ -945,11 +945,21 @@ AC_DEFUN_ONCE([FLAGS_SETUP_BRANCH_PROTECTION],
 [
   # Is branch protection available?
   BRANCH_PROTECTION_AVAILABLE=false
-  BRANCH_PROTECTION_FLAG="-mbranch-protection=standard"
+  BRANCH_PROTECTION_CFLAG=""
+  BRANCH_PROTECTION_ASFLAG=""
 
   if test "x$OPENJDK_TARGET_CPU" = xaarch64; then
     if test "x$TOOLCHAIN_TYPE" = xgcc || test "x$TOOLCHAIN_TYPE" = xclang; then
-      FLAGS_COMPILER_CHECK_ARGUMENTS(ARGUMENT: [$BRANCH_PROTECTION_FLAG],
+      BRANCH_PROTECTION_CFLAG="-mbranch-protection=standard"
+      # The GCC/Clang assembler accepts the same flag as the compiler.
+      BRANCH_PROTECTION_ASFLAG="$BRANCH_PROTECTION_CFLAG"
+      FLAGS_COMPILER_CHECK_ARGUMENTS(ARGUMENT: [$BRANCH_PROTECTION_CFLAG],
+          IF_TRUE: [BRANCH_PROTECTION_AVAILABLE=true])
+    elif test "x$TOOLCHAIN_TYPE" = xmicrosoft; then
+      BRANCH_PROTECTION_CFLAG="/guard:signret"
+      # MSVC's assembler does not support branch protection flags, so
+      # BRANCH_PROTECTION_ASFLAG is intentionally left empty.
+      FLAGS_COMPILER_CHECK_ARGUMENTS(ARGUMENT: [$BRANCH_PROTECTION_CFLAG],
           IF_TRUE: [BRANCH_PROTECTION_AVAILABLE=true])
     fi
   fi
@@ -957,5 +967,5 @@ AC_DEFUN_ONCE([FLAGS_SETUP_BRANCH_PROTECTION],
   UTIL_ARG_ENABLE(NAME: branch-protection, DEFAULT: false,
       RESULT: BRANCH_PROTECTION_ENABLED, AVAILABLE: $BRANCH_PROTECTION_AVAILABLE,
       DESC: [enable branch protection when compiling C/C++],
-      IF_ENABLED: [BRANCH_PROTECTION_CFLAGS=$BRANCH_PROTECTION_FLAG])
+      IF_ENABLED: [BRANCH_PROTECTION_CFLAGS=$BRANCH_PROTECTION_CFLAG])
 ])
diff --git a/make/autoconf/flags-other.m4 b/make/autoconf/flags-other.m4
index 4570f6ede78..df9fe66bb0d 100644
--- a/make/autoconf/flags-other.m4
+++ b/make/autoconf/flags-other.m4
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ AC_DEFUN([FLAGS_SETUP_ASFLAGS_CPU_DEP],
   fi
 
   if test "x$BRANCH_PROTECTION_ENABLED" = "xtrue"; then
-    $2JVM_ASFLAGS="${$2JVM_ASFLAGS} $BRANCH_PROTECTION_FLAG"
+    $2JVM_ASFLAGS="${$2JVM_ASFLAGS} $BRANCH_PROTECTION_ASFLAG"
   fi
 
   AC_SUBST($2JVM_ASFLAGS)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp b/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp
index 7c7e61098f5..06645f47eb2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp
@@ -79,6 +79,9 @@
 #include "utilities/population_count.hpp"
 #include "utilities/vmError.hpp"
 #include "windbghelp.hpp"
+#if defined(_M_ARM64)
+#include CPU_HEADER(pauth)
+#endif
 #if INCLUDE_JFR
 #include "jfr/jfrEvents.hpp"
 #include "jfr/support/jfrNativeLibraryLoadEvent.hpp"
@@ -6637,6 +6640,19 @@ bool os::win32::platform_print_native_stack(outputStream* st, const void* contex
   int count = 0;
   address lastpc_internal = 0;
   while (count++ < StackPrintLimit) {
+#if defined(_M_ARM64)
+    // On Windows/ARM64, when the CPU is using authenticated pointers, return
+    // addresses are signed.  Unfortunately, `StackWalk64()` does not strip the
+    // pointer signature, so we need to do this ourself.  Since stripping the
+    // signature is an idempotent operation, we don't need to guard this call
+    // based on whether pointer authentication is enabled.
+    address original = (address)stk.AddrPC.Offset;
+    address stripped = pauth_strip_pointer(original);
+    stk.AddrPC.Offset = (DWORD64)(uintptr_t)stripped;
+
+    // We updated the stack frame's PC, so keep the context's PC in sync.
+    ctx.Pc = stk.AddrPC.Offset;
+#endif
     intptr_t* sp = (intptr_t*)stk.AddrStack.Offset;
     intptr_t* fp = (intptr_t*)stk.AddrFrame.Offset; // NOT necessarily the same as ctx.Rbp!
     address pc = (address)stk.AddrPC.Offset;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/windows_aarch64/pauth_windows_aarch64.S b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/windows_aarch64/pauth_windows_aarch64.S
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1ce46f3f201
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/windows_aarch64/pauth_windows_aarch64.S
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+;
+; Copyright (c) 2026, Microsoft and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+; DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+;
+; This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+; under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+; published by the Free Software Foundation.
+;
+; This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+; ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+; FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+; version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+; accompanied this code).
+;
+; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+; 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+; Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+;
+; Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+; or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+; questions.
+;
+
+    ; Remove the AArch64 pointer signature from the pointer argument
+    ;
+    ; Both XPACI and XPACLRI can get the job done, with XPACI being more
+    ; convenient since it can work with any general purpose register.  However,
+    ; unlike XPACI, XPACLRI can be encoded using hint instructions, thus letting
+    ; us compile this function using older compilers.
+    ;
+    ; Since XPACLRI implicitly uses the link register (x30) and we instead want
+    ; to remove the signature from the function argument (in x0), we temporarily
+    ; save x30 before restoring it at the end.
+
+    ALIGN  4
+    EXPORT pauth_drop_signature_win_arm64
+    AREA pauth_text, CODE
+
+pauth_drop_signature_win_arm64
+    mov      x9, x30
+    mov      x30, x0
+    hint     #7
+    mov      x0, x30
+    mov      x30, x9
+    ret
+
+    END
diff --git a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/windows_aarch64/pauth_windows_aarch64.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/windows_aarch64/pauth_windows_aarch64.inline.hpp
index dff45632243..6395172e687 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/windows_aarch64/pauth_windows_aarch64.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/windows_aarch64/pauth_windows_aarch64.inline.hpp
@@ -28,9 +28,10 @@
 // OS specific Support for ROP Protection in VM code.
 // For more details on PAC see pauth_aarch64.hpp.
 
+extern "C" address pauth_drop_signature_win_arm64(address p);
+
 inline address pauth_strip_pointer(address ptr) {
-  // No PAC support in windows as of yet.
-  return ptr;
+  return pauth_drop_signature_win_arm64(ptr);
 }
 
 inline address pauth_sign_return_address(address ret_addr) {

From 964685651272fc6652a0dfce24625c117c44f3a7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Hagedorn <chagedorn@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 14 Aug 2026 10:16:19 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 565/707] 8387332: Template Framework: Add utility methods to
 build scopes

Reviewed-by: thartmann, mhaessig
---
 .../lib/template_framework/Template.java      | 229 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../inlinetypes/TestArraysCopyOf.java         |  45 +---
 ...TestScalarizedCallingConventionLimits.java |  21 +-
 .../examples/TestTutorial.java                | 135 ++++++++++-
 .../tests/TestTemplate.java                   | 147 +++++++++--
 5 files changed, 501 insertions(+), 76 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/Template.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/Template.java
index 81a4bdd935b..6dda7658523 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/Template.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/template_framework/Template.java
@@ -23,11 +23,15 @@
 
 package compiler.lib.template_framework;
 
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.function.BiFunction;
 import java.util.function.Function;
+import java.util.function.IntFunction;
 import java.util.function.Supplier;
 
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.stream.IntStream;
 
 import compiler.lib.compile_framework.CompileFramework;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.TestFramework;
@@ -1063,4 +1067,229 @@ static Token addStructuralName(String name, StructuralName.Type type) {
     static StructuralName.FilteredSet structuralNames() {
         return new StructuralName.FilteredSet();
     }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Create {@code count} times a {@link ScopeToken}. This can be used inside another {@link #scope}.
+     *
+     * <p>
+     * {@snippet lang=java:
+     * // Output:
+     * // scope
+     * // scope
+     * // scope
+     * Template.make(() -> scope(
+     *     repeat(3, scope("scope\n"))
+     * ));
+     * }
+     *
+     * @param count How many times do we repeat the provided scope?
+     * @param scope The scope() method.
+     * @return      A list of ScopeTokens.
+     */
+    static List<ScopeToken> repeat(int count, ScopeToken scope) {
+        return repeat(count, _ -> scope);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Same as {@link #repeat(int, ScopeToken)} but instead of a {@link ScopeToken}, this method takes a
+     * {@code scopeFactory} {@link IntFunction} that takes an integer index, denoting the current iteration index
+     * ranging from iteration 0 to count - 1, and passes it into a {@link #scope}. This can be used inside another
+     * {@link #scope}:
+     *
+     * <p>
+     * {@snippet lang=java:
+     * // Output:
+     * // 1: scope for index 0
+     * // 1: scope for index 1
+     * // 2: scope for index 0
+     * // 2: scope for index 1
+     * // 2: scope for index 2
+     * Template.make(() -> scope(
+     *     repeat(2, index -> scope("1: scope for index " + index +"\n")),
+     *     repeat(3, index -> scope("2: scope for index " + index +"\n"))
+     * ));
+     * }
+     *
+     * @param count How many times do we repeat the provided scope?
+     * @param scope The scope() function taking an iteration index.
+     * @return      A list of ScopeTokens.
+     */
+    static List<ScopeToken> repeat(int count, IntFunction<ScopeToken> scope) {
+        if (count < 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("count must not be negative: " + count);
+        }
+        return IntStream.range(0, count)
+                        .mapToObj(scope)
+                        .toList();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Same as {@link #repeat(int, ScopeToken)} but join all resulting {@link ScopeToken}s together by using an
+     * additional {@code delimiter} which is put into a separate {@link ScopeToken}s in between.
+     *
+     * <p>
+     * {@snippet lang=java:
+     * // Output:
+     * // Element 1, Element 2, Element 3
+     * Template.make(() -> scope(
+     *     repeatAndJoin(3, ", ", (index) -> scope("Element " + index))
+     * ));
+     * }
+     *
+     * @param count     How many times do we repeat the provided scope?
+     * @param delimiter The delimiter to join the individual repeated scopes together.
+     * @param scope     The scope() function.
+     * @return          A list of ScopeTokens.
+     */
+    static List<ScopeToken> repeatAndJoin(int count, String delimiter, ScopeToken scope) {
+        return repeatAndJoin(count, delimiter, (_) -> scope);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Same as the indexed {@link #repeat(int, IntFunction)} but join all resulting {@link ScopeToken}s together by using
+     * an additional {@code delimiter} which is put into a separate {@link ScopeToken}s in between. This is the indexed
+     * version of {@link #repeatAndJoin(int, String, ScopeToken)}.
+     *
+     * <p>
+     * {@snippet lang=java:
+     * // Output:
+     * // Element 0, Element 1, Element 2
+     * Template.make(() -> scope(
+     *     repeatAndJoin(3, ", ", (index) -> scope("Element " + index))
+     * ));
+     * }
+     *
+     * @param count     How many times do we repeat the provided scope?
+     * @param delimiter The delimiter to join the individual repeated scopes together.
+     * @param scope     The scope() function taking an iteration index.
+     * @return          A list of ScopeTokens.
+     */
+    static List<ScopeToken> repeatAndJoin(int count, String delimiter, IntFunction<ScopeToken> scope) {
+        if (count < 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("count must not be negative: " + count);
+        }
+
+        List<ScopeToken> scopeTokens = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            if (i > 0) {
+                // Add delimiter before the actual scope, skipping the very first element.
+                scopeTokens.add(scope(delimiter));
+            }
+            // Create the actual scope.
+            scopeTokens.add(scope.apply(i));
+        }
+        // Return an unmodifiable list.
+        return List.copyOf(scopeTokens);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Map each element in {@code list} to the {@code scopeFactory} which is a {@link Function} taking an individual
+     * element of the {@code list} which is passed into a {@link #scope}.
+     *
+     * <p>
+     * {@snippet lang=java:
+     * // Output:
+     * // Element 1
+     * // Element 2
+     * // Element 3
+     * Template.make(() -> scope(
+     *     map(List.of(1, 2, 3), element -> scope("Element " + element +"\n"))
+     * ));
+     * }
+     *
+     * @param list  List of elements to be mapped to the provided scope() function.
+     * @param scope The scope() function taking a list element.
+     * @return      A list of ScopeTokens.
+     */
+    static <T> List<ScopeToken> map(List<T> list, Function<T, ScopeToken> scope) {
+        return map(list, (element, _) -> scope.apply(element));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Same as {@link #map(List, Function)} but the {@code scopeFactory} is a {@link BiFunction} that takes an additional
+     * integer index, denoting the current list index ranging from iteration 0 to count - 1. Each element and its list
+     * index element are passed into a {@link #scope}.
+     *
+     * <p>
+     * {@snippet lang=java :
+     * // Output:
+     * // Element 1 at index 0
+     * // Element 2 at index 1
+     * // Element 3 at index 2
+     * Template.make(() -> scope(
+     *     map(List.of(1, 2, 3), (element, index) -> scope("Element " + element + " at index " + index + "\n"))
+     * ));
+     * }
+     *
+     * @param list  List of elements to be mapped to the provided scope() function.
+     * @param scope The scope() function taking a list element and list index.
+     * @return      A list of ScopeTokens.
+     */
+    static <T> List<ScopeToken> map(List<T> list, BiFunction<T, Integer, ScopeToken> scope) {
+        List<ScopeToken> scopeTokens = new ArrayList<>(list.size());
+        int i = 0;
+        for (T element : list) {
+            scopeTokens.add(scope.apply(element, i));
+            i++;
+        }
+
+        // Return an unmodifiable list.
+        return List.copyOf(scopeTokens);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Same as {@link #map(List, Function)} but join all resulting {@link ScopeToken}s together by using an additional
+     * {@code delimiter} which is put into a separate {@link ScopeToken}s in between.
+     *
+     * <p>
+     * {@snippet lang=java:
+     * // Output:
+     * // Element 1, Element 2, Element 3
+     * Template.make(() -> scope(
+     *     mapAndJoin(List.of(1, 2, 3), ", ", (element) -> scope("Element " + element))
+     * ));
+     *}
+     * @param list      List of elements to be mapped to the provided scope() function and then be joined with delimiter.
+     * @param delimiter The delimiter to join the individual scopes for all list elements together.
+     * @param scope     The scope() function taking a list element.
+     * @return          A list of ScopeTokens.
+     */
+    static <T> List<ScopeToken> mapAndJoin(List<T> list, String delimiter, Function<T, ScopeToken> scope) {
+        return mapAndJoin(list, delimiter, (element, _) -> scope.apply(element));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Same as the indexed {@link #map(List, BiFunction)} but join all resulting {@link ScopeToken}s together by using
+     * an additional {@code delimiter} which is put into a separate {@link ScopeToken}s in between. This is the indexed
+     * version of {@link #mapAndJoin(List, String, Function)}.
+     *
+     * <p>
+     * {@snippet lang=java:
+     * // Output:
+     * // Element 1 at index 0, Element 2 at index 1, Element 3 at index 2
+     * Template.make(() -> scope(
+     *     mapAndJoin(List.of(1, 2, 3), ", ", (element, index) -> scope("Element " + element + " at index " + index))
+     * ));
+     *}
+     * @param list      List of elements to be mapped to the provided scope() function and then be joined with delimiter.
+     * @param delimiter The delimiter to join the individual scopes for all list elements together.
+     * @param scope     The scope() function taking a list element and list index.
+     * @return          A list of ScopeTokens.
+     */
+    static <T> List<ScopeToken> mapAndJoin(List<T> list, String delimiter, BiFunction<T, Integer, ScopeToken> scope) {
+        List<ScopeToken> scopeTokens = new ArrayList<>();
+        int i = 0;
+        for (T item : list) {
+            if (i > 0) {
+                // Add delimiter before the actual scope, skipping the very first element.
+                scopeTokens.add(scope(delimiter));
+            }
+            // Create the actual scope.
+            scopeTokens.add(scope.apply(item, i));
+            i++;
+        }
+        // Return an unmodifiable list.
+        return List.copyOf(scopeTokens);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArraysCopyOf.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArraysCopyOf.java
index a37249a0e36..7e0c3ad1493 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArraysCopyOf.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArraysCopyOf.java
@@ -112,13 +112,8 @@
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
-import java.util.function.BiFunction;
-import java.util.function.IntFunction;
-import java.util.stream.IntStream;
-import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
 import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.*;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.scope;
 
 public class TestArraysCopyOf {
     private static final RestrictableGenerator<Integer> RANDOM_LENGTH = Generators.G.ints().restricted(0, 32);
@@ -226,9 +221,9 @@ static interface I {}
 
                                 public #klass(\
                         """,
-                concat(primitiveTypes, (type, _) -> scope(type.name() + " _" + type.name())),
+                    mapAndJoin(primitiveTypes, ", ", type -> scope(type.name() + " _" + type.name())),
                         ") {\n",
-                loop(primitiveTypes, (type, _) -> scope(
+                    map(primitiveTypes, type -> scope(
                         let("type", type.name()),
                         "            this._#type = _#type;\n")),
                         // Initializer
@@ -238,7 +233,7 @@ static interface I {}
                                 static #klass init() {
                                     return new #klass(\
                         """,
-                concat(primitiveTypes, (type, _) -> scope(type.con())),
+                    mapAndJoin(primitiveTypes, ", ", type -> scope(type.con())),
                         ");\n",
                         """
                                 }
@@ -249,7 +244,7 @@ static interface I {}
                             static Object[] oArr = new Object[1];
                         """,
                 // Passing A.class, int.class etc. Should always throw.
-                loop(instanceAndPrimitiveClasses.size(), i -> scope(
+                repeat(instanceAndPrimitiveClasses.size(), i -> scope(
                         let("i", uniqueIndex.getAndIncrement()),
                         let("klass", instanceAndPrimitiveClasses.get(i)),
                         let("test", "testNonArrayClass_" + instanceAndPrimitiveClasses.get(i)),
@@ -267,7 +262,7 @@ static interface I {}
                             }
                         """)),
                 // Passing in primitive type arrays which like int[].class which should throw.
-                loop(primitiveTypeClasses.size(), i -> scope(
+                repeat(primitiveTypeClasses.size(), i -> scope(
                         let("i", uniqueIndex.getAndIncrement()),
                         let("klass", primitiveTypeClasses.get(i) + "[]"),
                         let("test", "testPrimitiveArrayClass_" + primitiveTypeClasses.get(i)),
@@ -285,7 +280,7 @@ static interface I {}
                             }
                         """)),
                 // Normal tests with non-primitive type arrays.
-                loop(concreteInstanceClasses.size(), i -> scope(
+                repeat(concreteInstanceClasses.size(), i -> scope(
                         let("i", uniqueIndex.getAndIncrement()),
                         let("klass_name", concreteInstanceClasses.get(i).name()),
                         let("klass", concreteInstanceClasses.get(i).name() + "[]"),
@@ -312,7 +307,7 @@ static interface I {}
                             }
                         """)),
                 // Normal tests with value class arrays.
-                loop(newValueClassArrayScopes, (init, i) -> scope(
+                map(newValueClassArrayScopes, (init, i) -> scope(
                         let("i", uniqueIndex.getAndIncrement()),
                         let("klass_name", valueClasses.get(i).name()),
                         let("klass", valueClasses.get(i).name() + "[]"),
@@ -360,28 +355,4 @@ static String generateTestMethodString() {
                     }
                 """;
     }
-
-    static List<ScopeToken> loop(int limit, IntFunction<ScopeToken> function) {
-        return IntStream.range(0, limit)
-                .mapToObj(function)
-                .toList();
-    }
-
-    static <T> List<ScopeToken> loop(List<T> items, BiFunction<T, Integer, ScopeToken> function) {
-        return IntStream.range(0, items.size())
-                .mapToObj(i -> function.apply(items.get(i), i))
-                .toList();
-    }
-
-    static <T> List<ScopeToken> concat(List<T> items, BiFunction<T, Integer, ScopeToken> function) {
-        return IntStream.range(0, items.size())
-                .boxed()
-                .flatMap(i -> {
-                    ScopeToken token = function.apply(items.get(i), i);
-                    return i == items.size() - 1 ?
-                            Stream.of(token) :
-                            Stream.of(token, scope(", "));
-                })
-                .toList();
-    }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestScalarizedCallingConventionLimits.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestScalarizedCallingConventionLimits.java
index 054d8b63e69..0287e6b4b33 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestScalarizedCallingConventionLimits.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestScalarizedCallingConventionLimits.java
@@ -51,8 +51,7 @@
 import compiler.lib.template_framework.ScopeToken;
 import compiler.lib.template_framework.Template;
 
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.let;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.scope;
+import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.*;
 
 public class TestScalarizedCallingConventionLimits {
     private static final String GENERATED_CLASS_NAME = "GeneratedScalarizedCallingConventionLimits";
@@ -89,7 +88,7 @@ static int hash(Object... values) {
                 """,
             // Generate interfaces with value and identity-class implementations and a method
             // with a varying number of arguments to stress test the calling convention.
-            loop(MAX_ARGUMENT_COUNT, argumentCount -> scope(
+            repeat(MAX_ARGUMENT_COUNT, argumentCount -> scope(
                 let("argumentCount", argumentCount),
                 let("classname", "ValueImpl" + argumentCount),
                 let("parameters", commaSeparated(argumentCount, i -> "Integer a" + i)),
@@ -138,19 +137,19 @@ public int m(#parameters) {
                 """)),
             // Generate methods with a value class receiver with a varying number of oop fields to stress
             // test code buffers during nmethod entry point generation (oops need GC barriers etc.)
-            loop(MAX_OOP_RECEIVER_FIELD_COUNT, fieldCount -> scope(
+            repeat(MAX_OOP_RECEIVER_FIELD_COUNT, fieldCount -> scope(
                 let("fieldCount", fieldCount),
                 let("arguments", commaSeparated(fieldCount, i -> "f" + i)),
                 """
                     static value class OopReceiver#fieldCount {
                 """,
-            loop(fieldCount, i -> scope(
+            repeat(fieldCount, i -> scope(
                "        Object f" + i + ";\n")),
                 """
 
                         OopReceiver#fieldCount(Object[] values) {
                 """,
-            loop(fieldCount, i -> scope(
+            repeat(fieldCount, i -> scope(
                "            this.f" + i + " = values[" + i + "];\n")),
                 """
                         }
@@ -176,9 +175,9 @@ int m() {
                 """
                     public static void run() {
                 """,
-            loop(MAX_ARGUMENT_COUNT, i -> scope(
+            repeat(MAX_ARGUMENT_COUNT, i -> scope(
                "        test" + i + "();\n")),
-            loop(MAX_OOP_RECEIVER_FIELD_COUNT, i -> scope(
+            repeat(MAX_OOP_RECEIVER_FIELD_COUNT, i -> scope(
                "        testOopReceiver" + i + "();\n")),
                 """
                     }
@@ -190,11 +189,5 @@ public static void run() {
     private static String commaSeparated(int count, IntFunction<String> element) {
         return IntStream.range(0, count).mapToObj(element).collect(Collectors.joining(", "));
     }
-
-    private static List<ScopeToken> loop(int limit, IntFunction<ScopeToken> function) {
-        return IntStream.range(0, limit)
-                        .mapToObj(function)
-                        .toList();
-    }
 }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/template_framework/examples/TestTutorial.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/template_framework/examples/TestTutorial.java
index 7de32d1bc10..ccea11078c1 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/template_framework/examples/TestTutorial.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/template_framework/examples/TestTutorial.java
@@ -43,19 +43,11 @@
 import compiler.lib.template_framework.TemplateBinding;
 import compiler.lib.template_framework.DataName;
 import compiler.lib.template_framework.StructuralName;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.scope;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.transparentScope;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.hashtagScope;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.let;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.$;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.fuel;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.addDataName;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.dataNames;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.addStructuralName;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.structuralNames;
+
 import static compiler.lib.template_framework.DataName.Mutability.MUTABLE;
 import static compiler.lib.template_framework.DataName.Mutability.IMMUTABLE;
 import static compiler.lib.template_framework.DataName.Mutability.MUTABLE_OR_IMMUTABLE;
+import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.*;
 
 import compiler.lib.template_framework.library.Hooks;
 
@@ -71,6 +63,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
         comp.addJavaSourceCode("p.xyz.InnerTest3",  generateWithHashtagAndDollarReplacements());
         comp.addJavaSourceCode("p.xyz.InnerTest3b", generateWithHashtagAndDollarReplacements2());
         comp.addJavaSourceCode("p.xyz.InnerTest3c", generateWithHashtagAndDollarReplacements3());
+        comp.addJavaSourceCode("p.xyz.InnerTest12", generateScopeBuildingUtilityMethods());
         comp.addJavaSourceCode("p.xyz.InnerTest4",  generateWithCustomHooks());
         comp.addJavaSourceCode("p.xyz.InnerTest5",  generateWithLibraryHooks());
         comp.addJavaSourceCode("p.xyz.InnerTest6",  generateWithRecursionAndBindingsAndFuel());
@@ -95,6 +88,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
         comp.invoke("p.xyz.InnerTest3",  "main", new Object[] {});
         comp.invoke("p.xyz.InnerTest3b", "main", new Object[] {});
         comp.invoke("p.xyz.InnerTest3c", "main", new Object[] {});
+        comp.invoke("p.xyz.InnerTest12", "main", new Object[] {});
         comp.invoke("p.xyz.InnerTest4",  "main", new Object[] {});
         comp.invoke("p.xyz.InnerTest5",  "main", new Object[] {});
         comp.invoke("p.xyz.InnerTest6",  "main", new Object[] {});
@@ -482,6 +476,127 @@ public static void main() {
         return templateClass.render();
     }
 
+
+    // The following examples show how to use the additional utility methods to build scopes in a top down readable way.
+    // Note that the code was specially indented with spaces such that the generated code is nicely formatted while the
+    // generating source code remains easy to read.
+    static String generateScopeBuildingUtilityMethods() {
+        return Template.make(() -> scope(
+                """
+                package p.xyz;
+
+                public class InnerTest12 {
+                    int iFld;
+                    static int iFld0;
+                    static int iFld1;
+                    static int iFld2;
+                    boolean flagA;
+                    boolean flagB;
+                    boolean flagC;
+
+                    public static void main() {
+                        var t = new InnerTest12();
+                        t.testRepeat1();
+                        t.testRepeat2();
+                        t.testRepeatAndJoin();
+                        t.testJoin(1, 2, 3);
+                    }
+
+                    void testRepeat1() {
+                """,
+
+                // Assume you want to repeat incrementing iFld. You could either duplicate the lines:
+                "        iFld += 3;\n",
+                "        iFld += 3;\n",
+                "        iFld += 3;\n",
+                // Or you can use the repeat() utility method to achieve the same task:
+            repeat(3, scope(
+               "        iFld += 5;\n")),
+                """
+                    }
+
+                """,
+
+                // Sometimes repeats should be slightly different, for example, to generate code. Let's assume you want
+                // to create a couple of equally looking classes. You can use the indexed repeat() utility method.
+                // Let's create vie classes:
+            repeat(5, i -> scope(
+               "    class MyClass", i,  "{}\n")),
+                """
+
+                    void testRepeat2() {
+                """,
+                // And then create an instance for each of them:
+            repeat(5, i -> scope(
+               "        new MyClass", i, "();\n")),
+                // Or you directly define 'i' with let to use #-replacements (you can, of course, also define more
+                // variables with let()):
+            repeat(5, i -> scope(
+                let("i", i),
+               "        new MyClass#i();\n")),
+                """
+                    }
+
+                """,
+
+                // Let's assume that you want to put some varying strings into the same scope multiple times. We can use
+                // the map() utility method to map a string to a scope. For exapmle, you could define your class names
+                // upfront and use them directly:
+            map(List.of("One", "Two", "Three"), klass -> scope(
+                let("klass", klass),
+               "    class #klass{}\n")),
+                "\n",
+                // If you still need an incrementing index, for example, to also generate different field accesses,
+                // you can use the indexed map() version:
+            map(List.of("Four", "Five", "Six"), (klass, fieldIndex) -> scope(
+                let("klass", klass),
+                let("fieldIndex", fieldIndex),
+                """
+                    class #klass{
+                        void test() {
+                            InnerTest12.iFld#fieldIndex = 34; // Assign to a specific static field
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                """)),
+
+                // Suppose you have a method with 5 int args:
+                "    void fiveInts(int a, int b, int c, int d, int e) {}\n",
+                // and want to call it with all zeros. You could be tempted to use repeat() with "0 ,", but what about
+                // the last comma? You need to omit it, otherwise it will fail to compile. What we need here is a join
+                // and not a bare concat of repeated scopes. We can use the repeatAndJoin() utility method for that:
+                """
+
+                    void testRepeatAndJoin() {
+                """,
+               "        fiveInts(", repeatAndJoin(5, ", ", scope("0")), ");\n",
+
+                // If we want to have some ascending numbers, we can use the indexed repeatAndJoin() version:
+               "        fiveInts(", repeatAndJoin(5, ", ", index -> scope("" + index)), ");\n",
+
+                // Let's assume you want to AND several conditions together. You can use the utility method mapAndJoin()
+                // that maps and then joins the resulting scopes together:
+               "        if (", mapAndJoin(List.of("flagA", "flagB", "flagC"), " && ", flag -> scope(flag)), ") {\n",
+                """
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                """,
+
+                // You can also use the indexed version of mapAndJoin() which is useful, for example, to define a method
+                // with different parameter names:
+               "    void testJoin(",
+            mapAndJoin(List.of("int", "float", "long"), ", ", (type, index) -> scope(
+                let("type", type),
+                let("index", index),
+                "#type x#index")), ") {}\n",
+                """
+                }
+                """
+        )).render();
+    }
+
+
     // In this example, we look at the use of Hooks. They allow us to reach back, to outer
     // scopes. For example, we can reach out from inside a method body to a hook anchored at
     // the top of the class, and insert a field.
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/template_framework/tests/TestTemplate.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/template_framework/tests/TestTemplate.java
index f56a9d5b231..a05b2f6d8f0 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/template_framework/tests/TestTemplate.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/template_framework/tests/TestTemplate.java
@@ -34,9 +34,7 @@
 
 package template_framework.tests;
 
-import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;
-import java.util.HashSet;
 
 import compiler.lib.template_framework.Template;
 import compiler.lib.template_framework.DataName;
@@ -44,22 +42,11 @@
 import compiler.lib.template_framework.Hook;
 import compiler.lib.template_framework.TemplateBinding;
 import compiler.lib.template_framework.RendererException;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.scope;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.transparentScope;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.nameScope;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.hashtagScope;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.setFuelCostScope;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.$;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.let;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.fuel;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.setFuelCost;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.addDataName;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.dataNames;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.addStructuralName;
-import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.structuralNames;
+
 import static compiler.lib.template_framework.DataName.Mutability.MUTABLE;
 import static compiler.lib.template_framework.DataName.Mutability.IMMUTABLE;
 import static compiler.lib.template_framework.DataName.Mutability.MUTABLE_OR_IMMUTABLE;
+import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.*;
 
 /**
  * The tests in this file are mostly there to ensure that the Template Rendering
@@ -171,6 +158,14 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
         testHookAndScopes1();
         testHookAndScopes2();
         testHookAndScopes3();
+        testRepeat();
+        testRepeatIndexed();
+        testRepeatAndJoin();
+        testRepeatAndJoinIndexed();
+        testMap();
+        testMapIndexed();
+        testMapAndJoin();
+        testMapAndJoinIndexed();
 
         // The following tests should all fail, with an expected exception and message.
         expectRendererException(() -> testFailingNestedRendering(), "Nested render not allowed.");
@@ -3373,6 +3368,128 @@ public static void testHookAndScopes3() {
         checkEQ(code, expected);
     }
 
+    static void testRepeat() {
+        var templateString = Template.make(() -> scope(
+            repeat(3, scope("repeat\n"))
+        )).render();
+
+        String expected =
+                """
+                repeat
+                repeat
+                repeat
+                """;
+        checkEQ(templateString, expected);
+    }
+
+    static void testRepeatIndexed() {
+        var templateString = Template.make(() -> scope(
+                repeat(2, index -> scope("1: scope for index " + index +"\n")),
+                repeat(3, index -> scope("2: scope for index " + index +"\n"))
+        )).render();
+
+        String expected =
+                """
+                1: scope for index 0
+                1: scope for index 1
+                2: scope for index 0
+                2: scope for index 1
+                2: scope for index 2
+                """;
+        checkEQ(templateString, expected);
+    }
+
+    static void testRepeatAndJoin() {
+        var templateString = Template.make(() -> scope(
+                repeatAndJoin(2, ",\n", scope("1: scope")),
+                "\n\n",
+                repeatAndJoin(3, ",\n", scope("2: scope")),
+                "\n"
+                )).render();
+
+        String expected =
+                """
+                1: scope,
+                1: scope
+
+                2: scope,
+                2: scope,
+                2: scope
+                """;
+        checkEQ(templateString, expected);
+    }
+
+    static void testRepeatAndJoinIndexed() {
+        var templateString = Template.make(() -> scope(
+                repeatAndJoin(2, ",\n", index -> scope("1: scope for index " + index)),
+                "\n\n",
+                repeatAndJoin(3, ",\n", index -> scope("2: scope for index " + index)),
+                "\n"
+        )).render();
+
+        String expected =
+                """
+                1: scope for index 0,
+                1: scope for index 1
+
+                2: scope for index 0,
+                2: scope for index 1,
+                2: scope for index 2
+                """;
+        checkEQ(templateString, expected);
+    }
+
+    static void testMap() {
+        var templateString = Template.make(() -> scope(
+                map(List.of(1, 2, 3), element -> scope("Element " + element +"\n"))
+        )).render();
+
+        String expected =
+                """
+                Element 1
+                Element 2
+                Element 3
+                """;
+        checkEQ(templateString, expected);
+    }
+
+    static void testMapIndexed() {
+        var templateString = Template.make(() -> scope(
+                map(List.of(1, 2, 3), (element, index) -> scope("Element " + element + " at index " + index + "\n"))
+        )).render();
+
+        String expected =
+                """
+                Element 1 at index 0
+                Element 2 at index 1
+                Element 3 at index 2
+                """;
+        checkEQ(templateString, expected);
+    }
+
+    static void testMapAndJoin() {
+        var templateString = Template.make(() -> scope(
+                mapAndJoin(List.of(1, 2, 3), ", ", (element) -> scope("Element " + element))
+        )).render();
+
+        String expected = "Element 1, Element 2, Element 3";
+        checkEQ(templateString, expected);
+    }
+
+    static void testMapAndJoinIndexed() {
+        var templateString = Template.make(() -> scope(
+                mapAndJoin(List.of(1, 2, 3), ", ",
+                            (element, index) -> scope("Element " + element + " at index " + index))
+        )).render();
+
+        String expected = "Element 1 at index 0, Element 2 at index 1, Element 3 at index 2";
+        checkEQ(templateString, expected);
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Failing tests start here
+     */
+
     public static void testFailingNestedRendering() {
         var template1 = Template.make(() -> scope(
             "alpha\n"

From a0d9b0affd12e3b02664dab1847a77dabbbc1169 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jan Lahoda <jlahoda@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 14 Aug 2026 10:26:55 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 566/707] 8389987: null is accepted as synchronized lock

Reviewed-by: mcimadamore
---
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Attr.java        |   2 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Check.java       |  14 +-
 .../tools/javac/resources/compiler.properties |   2 +-
 .../tools/javac/attr/Synchronized.java        | 148 ++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 159 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/langtools/tools/javac/attr/Synchronized.java

diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Attr.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Attr.java
index f8b200ab3b9..edbe4916423 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Attr.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Attr.java
@@ -1965,7 +1965,7 @@ private Symbol enumConstant(JCTree tree, Type enumType) {
     }
 
     public void visitSynchronized(JCSynchronized tree) {
-        boolean identityType = chk.checkIdentityType(tree.pos(), attribExpr(tree.lock, env));
+        boolean identityType = chk.checkIdentityRefType(tree.pos(), attribExpr(tree.lock, env));
         if (identityType && tree.lock.type != null && tree.lock.type.isValueBased()) {
             log.warning(tree.pos(), LintWarnings.AttemptToSynchronizeOnInstanceOfValueBasedClass);
         }
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Check.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Check.java
index 9cc7e187d14..f42d7d5d516 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Check.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Check.java
@@ -733,14 +733,15 @@ Type checkRefType(DiagnosticPosition pos, Type t) {
                                 t);
     }
 
-    /** Check that type is an identity type, i.e. not a value type.
+    /** Check that type is an identity reference type, i.e. a reference type and
+     *  not a value type.
      *  When not discernible statically, give it the benefit of doubt
      *  and defer to runtime.
      *
      *  @param pos           Position to be used for error reporting.
      *  @param t             The type to be checked.
      */
-    boolean checkIdentityType(DiagnosticPosition pos, Type t) {
+    boolean checkIdentityRefType(DiagnosticPosition pos, Type t) {
         if (t.hasTag(TYPEVAR)) {
             t = types.skipTypeVars(t, false);
         }
@@ -748,12 +749,15 @@ boolean checkIdentityType(DiagnosticPosition pos, Type t) {
             IntersectionClassType ict = (IntersectionClassType)t;
             boolean result = true;
             for (Type component : ict.getExplicitComponents()) {
-                result &= checkIdentityType(pos, component);
+                result &= checkIdentityRefType(pos, component);
             }
             return result;
         }
-        if (t.isPrimitive() || (t.isValueClass() && !t.tsym.isAbstract())) {
-            typeTagError(pos, diags.fragment(Fragments.TypeReqIdentity), t);
+        if (!t.isReference() || (t.isValueClass() && !t.tsym.isAbstract())) {
+            Fragment required =
+                    allowValueClasses ? Fragments.TypeReqIdentity
+                                      : Fragments.TypeReqRef;
+            typeTagError(pos, diags.fragment(required), t);
             return false;
         }
         return true;
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/compiler.properties b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/compiler.properties
index 172b2bb735e..c3f186bc22f 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/compiler.properties
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/resources/compiler.properties
@@ -2938,7 +2938,7 @@ compiler.misc.type.req.exact=\
     class or interface without bounds
 
 compiler.misc.type.req.identity=\
-    a type with identity
+    identity class
 
 # 0: type
 compiler.misc.type.parameter=\
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/attr/Synchronized.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/attr/Synchronized.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..783a709dbd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/attr/Synchronized.java
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8389987
+ * @summary Verify correct handling of synchronized
+ * @library /tools/lib
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.api
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.main
+ *          jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ * @build toolbox.ToolBox toolbox.JavacTask
+ * @run junit Synchronized
+*/
+
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInfo;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+
+import toolbox.JavacTask;
+import toolbox.Task;
+import toolbox.ToolBox;
+
+public class Synchronized {
+
+    private Path base;
+    private ToolBox tb = new ToolBox();
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSynchronizedNull() throws Exception {
+        Path src = base.resolve("src");
+        Path classes = base.resolve("classes");
+        tb.writeJavaFiles(src,
+                          """
+                          public class Test {
+                              void t() {
+                                  synchronized (null) {}
+                              }
+                          }
+                          """);
+
+        Files.createDirectories(classes);
+
+        List<String> log;
+        List<String> expected;
+
+        log = new JavacTask(tb)
+            .options("-XDrawDiagnostics")
+            .outdir(classes)
+            .files(tb.findJavaFiles(src))
+            .run(Task.Expect.FAIL)
+            .writeAll()
+            .getOutputLines(Task.OutputKind.DIRECT);
+
+        expected = List.of(
+            "Test.java:3:9: compiler.err.type.found.req: compiler.misc.type.null, (compiler.misc.type.req.ref)",
+            "1 error"
+        );
+
+        assertEquals(expected, log);
+
+        log = new JavacTask(tb)
+            .options("-XDrawDiagnostics",
+                     "--enable-preview", "--release", System.getProperty("java.specification.version"))
+            .outdir(classes)
+            .files(tb.findJavaFiles(src))
+            .run(Task.Expect.FAIL)
+            .writeAll()
+            .getOutputLines(Task.OutputKind.DIRECT);
+
+        expected = List.of(
+            "Test.java:3:9: compiler.err.type.found.req: compiler.misc.type.null, (compiler.misc.type.req.identity)",
+            "1 error"
+        );
+
+        assertEquals(expected, log);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSynchronizedValueClassValueClassesDisabled() throws Exception {
+        Path src = base.resolve("src");
+        Path classes = base.resolve("classes");
+        tb.writeJavaFiles(src,
+                          """
+                          public value class Test {
+                              void t() {
+                                  synchronized (new Test()) {}
+                              }
+                          }
+                          """);
+
+        Files.createDirectories(classes);
+
+        List<String> log;
+        List<String> expected;
+
+        log = new JavacTask(tb)
+            .options("-XDrawDiagnostics",
+                     "-XDshould-stop.at=WARN")
+            .outdir(classes)
+            .files(tb.findJavaFiles(src))
+            .run(Task.Expect.FAIL)
+            .writeAll()
+            .getOutputLines(Task.OutputKind.DIRECT);
+
+        expected = List.of(
+            "Test.java:1:8: compiler.err.preview.feature.disabled.plural: (compiler.misc.feature.value.classes)",
+            "Test.java:3:9: compiler.err.type.found.req: Test, (compiler.misc.type.req.ref)",
+            "2 errors"
+        );
+
+        assertEquals(expected, log);
+    }
+
+    @BeforeEach
+    public void setUp(TestInfo info) {
+        base = Paths.get(".")
+                    .resolve(info.getTestMethod()
+                                 .orElseThrow()
+                                 .getName());
+    }
+}

From 88dfb74bbeefcf2b0aa11835183bcd949998fc8f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jan Lahoda <jlahoda@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 14 Aug 2026 10:27:16 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 567/707] 8389659: Cannot invoke
 "com.sun.tools.javac.code.Type.getTag()" because "type" is null on invalid
 LHS

Reviewed-by: mcimadamore
---
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/code/Kinds.java       |   9 +-
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Attr.java        |   2 +-
 .../tools/javac/SuperInit/InitAssignOp.java   | 292 ++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 298 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/InitAssignOp.java

diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Kinds.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Kinds.java
index 0650884f3e4..a9b06237f23 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Kinds.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Kinds.java
@@ -174,6 +174,7 @@ public static class KindSelector {
         public static final KindSelector MDL = new KindSelector(0x40);
         public static final KindSelector ERR = new KindSelector(0x7f);
         public static final KindSelector ASG = new KindSelector(0x84);
+        public static final KindSelector ASG_OP = new KindSelector(0x184);
 
         //common derived selectors
         public static final KindSelector TYP_PCK = of(TYP, PCK);
@@ -182,14 +183,14 @@ public static class KindSelector {
         public static final KindSelector VAL_TYP = of(VAL, TYP);
         public static final KindSelector VAL_TYP_PCK = of(VAL, TYP, PCK);
 
-        private final byte data;
+        private final int data;
 
         private KindSelector(int data) {
-            this.data = (byte) data;
+            this.data = data;
         }
 
         public static KindSelector of(KindSelector... kindSelectors) {
-            byte newData = 0;
+            int newData = 0;
             for (KindSelector kindSel : kindSelectors) {
                 newData |= kindSel.data;
             }
@@ -205,7 +206,7 @@ public boolean contains(KindSelector other) {
         }
 
         public boolean isAssignment() {
-            return ASG.subset(this) && !VAL.subset(this);
+            return ASG.subset(this) && !ASG_OP.subset(this);
         }
 
         /** A set of KindName(s) representing a set of symbol's kinds. */
diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Attr.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Attr.java
index edbe4916423..5a32378a931 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Attr.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/Attr.java
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ protected Attr(Context context) {
 
         statInfo = new ResultInfo(KindSelector.NIL, Type.noType);
         varAssignmentInfo = new ResultInfo(KindSelector.ASG, Type.noType);
-        varAssignmentOpInfo = new ResultInfo(KindSelector.of(KindSelector.VAL, KindSelector.ASG), Type.noType);
+        varAssignmentOpInfo = new ResultInfo(KindSelector.ASG_OP, Type.noType);
         unknownExprInfo = new ResultInfo(KindSelector.VAL, Type.noType);
         methodAttrInfo = new MethodAttrInfo();
         unknownTypeInfo = new ResultInfo(KindSelector.TYP, Type.noType);
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/InitAssignOp.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/InitAssignOp.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..499a2ba3250
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/SuperInit/InitAssignOp.java
@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8389659
+ * @summary Verify assign op is handled correctly in the constructor prologue
+ * @library /tools/lib
+ * @modules
+ *      jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.api
+ *      jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.file
+ *      jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.main
+ *      jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util
+ * @build toolbox.ToolBox toolbox.JavacTask
+ * @run junit ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInfo;
+
+import toolbox.JavaTask;
+import toolbox.JavacTask;
+import toolbox.Task;
+import toolbox.ToolBox;
+
+public class InitAssignOp {
+
+    private final ToolBox tb = new ToolBox();
+    private Path base;
+
+    @Test
+    void testInitAssignOp() throws Exception {
+        record TestCase(String source, List<String> expectedCompilationOutput) {}
+        TestCase[] tests = new TestCase[] {
+            new TestCase("""
+                         public class Test {
+                             private int i;
+
+                             public Test() {
+                                 ++this.i;
+                                 super();
+                             }
+                             public static void main(String... args) {
+                                 System.out.println(new Test().i);
+                             }
+                         }
+                         """,
+                         List.of(
+                             "Test.java:5:15: compiler.err.preview.feature.disabled.plural: (compiler.misc.feature.value.classes)",
+                             "1 error"
+                         )),
+            new TestCase("""
+                         public class Test {
+                             private int i;
+
+                             public Test() {
+                                 this.i++;
+                                 super();
+                             }
+                             public static void main(String... args) {
+                                 System.out.println(new Test().i);
+                             }
+                         }
+                         """,
+                         List.of(
+                             "Test.java:5:13: compiler.err.preview.feature.disabled.plural: (compiler.misc.feature.value.classes)",
+                             "1 error"
+                         )),
+            new TestCase("""
+                         public class Test {
+                             private int i;
+
+                             public Test() {
+                                 this.i += 1;
+                                 super();
+                             }
+                             public static void main(String... args) {
+                                 System.out.println(new Test().i);
+                             }
+                         }
+                         """,
+                         List.of(
+                             "Test.java:5:13: compiler.err.preview.feature.disabled.plural: (compiler.misc.feature.value.classes)",
+                             "1 error"
+                         )),
+        };
+        for (TestCase test : tests) {
+            Path classes = base.resolve("classes");
+            Files.createDirectories(classes);
+            List<String> out;
+
+            out =
+                new JavacTask(tb)
+                        .options("-XDrawDiagnostics")
+                        .outdir(classes)
+                        .sources(test.source())
+                        .run(Task.Expect.FAIL)
+                        .writeAll()
+                        .getOutputLines(Task.OutputKind.DIRECT);
+            Assertions.assertEquals(test.expectedCompilationOutput(), out);
+            new JavacTask(tb)
+                    .options("--enable-preview", "--release", System.getProperty("java.specification.version"))
+                    .outdir(classes)
+                    .sources(test.source())
+                    .run()
+                    .writeAll();
+
+            out =
+                new JavaTask(tb)
+                        .vmOptions("--enable-preview")
+                        .classpath(classes.toString())
+                        .className("Test")
+                        .run()
+                        .getOutputLines(Task.OutputKind.STDOUT);
+            List<String> expectedRunOutput = List.of(
+                "1"
+            );
+            Assertions.assertEquals(expectedRunOutput, out);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testInitAssignOpErrors() throws Exception {
+        record TestCase(String source, List<String> expectedCompilationOutput) {}
+        TestCase[] tests = new TestCase[] {
+            new TestCase("""
+                         public class Test {
+                             public Test() {
+                                 ++0;
+                                 super();
+                             }
+                         }
+                         """,
+                         List.of(
+                             "Test.java:3:11: compiler.err.unexpected.type: kindname.variable, kindname.value",
+                             "1 error"
+                         )),
+            new TestCase("""
+                         public class Test {
+                             public Test() {
+                                 ++test();
+                                 super();
+                             }
+                             private static int test() { return 1; }
+                         }
+                         """,
+                         List.of(
+                             "Test.java:3:15: compiler.err.unexpected.type: kindname.variable, kindname.value",
+                             "1 error"
+                         )),
+            new TestCase("""
+                         public class Test {
+                             public Test(int i) {
+                                 ++(i + 1);
+                                 super();
+                             }
+                         }
+                         """,
+                         List.of(
+                             "Test.java:3:14: compiler.err.unexpected.type: kindname.variable, kindname.value",
+                             "1 error"
+                         )),
+
+            new TestCase("""
+                         public class Test {
+                             public Test() {
+                                 0++;
+                                 super();
+                             }
+                         }
+                         """,
+                         List.of(
+                             "Test.java:3:9: compiler.err.unexpected.type: kindname.variable, kindname.value",
+                             "1 error"
+                         )),
+            new TestCase("""
+                         public class Test {
+                             public Test() {
+                                 test()++;
+                                 super();
+                             }
+                             private static int test() { return 1; }
+                         }
+                         """,
+                         List.of(
+                             "Test.java:3:13: compiler.err.unexpected.type: kindname.variable, kindname.value",
+                             "1 error"
+                         )),
+            new TestCase("""
+                         public class Test {
+                             public Test(int i) {
+                                 (i + 1)++;
+                                 super();
+                             }
+                         }
+                         """,
+                         List.of(
+                             "Test.java:3:12: compiler.err.unexpected.type: kindname.variable, kindname.value",
+                             "1 error"
+                         )),
+
+            new TestCase("""
+                         public class Test {
+                             public Test() {
+                                 0 += 1;
+                                 super();
+                             }
+                         }
+                         """,
+                         List.of(
+                             "Test.java:3:9: compiler.err.unexpected.type: kindname.variable, kindname.value",
+                             "1 error"
+                         )),
+            new TestCase("""
+                         public class Test {
+                             public Test() {
+                                 test() += 1;
+                                 super();
+                             }
+                             private static int test() { return 1; }
+                         }
+                         """,
+                         List.of(
+                             "Test.java:3:13: compiler.err.unexpected.type: kindname.variable, kindname.value",
+                             "1 error"
+                         )),
+            new TestCase("""
+                         public class Test {
+                             public Test(int i) {
+                                 (i + 1) += 1;
+                                 super();
+                             }
+                         }
+                         """,
+                         List.of(
+                             "Test.java:3:12: compiler.err.unexpected.type: kindname.variable, kindname.value",
+                             "1 error"
+                         )),
+        };
+        for (TestCase test : tests) {
+            Path classes = base.resolve("classes");
+            Files.createDirectories(classes);
+            List<String> out;
+
+            out =
+                new JavacTask(tb)
+                        .options("-XDrawDiagnostics",
+                                 "--enable-preview", "--release", System.getProperty("java.specification.version"))
+                        .outdir(classes)
+                        .sources(test.source())
+                        .run(Task.Expect.FAIL)
+                        .writeAll()
+                        .getOutputLines(Task.OutputKind.DIRECT);
+            Assertions.assertEquals(test.expectedCompilationOutput(), out);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @BeforeEach
+    public void setUp(TestInfo info) {
+        base = Paths.get(".")
+                    .resolve(info.getTestMethod()
+                                 .orElseThrow()
+                                 .getName());
+    }
+
+}

From 782b49e89e1b6ce2020ee5b753e246cd5db60094 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Stefan Karlsson <stefank@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 14 Aug 2026 12:33:34 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 568/707] 8378525: ZGC: Refactor ZBarrierSet to better fit with
 ZGC coding style

Reviewed-by: aboldtch, eosterlund
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSet.inline.hpp | 190 +++++++++---------
 .../share/oops/flatArrayKlass.inline.hpp      |   3 +-
 src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.hpp        |  11 +-
 src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp |  29 ++-
 4 files changed, 122 insertions(+), 111 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSet.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSet.inline.hpp
index 926079dab0f..b68bf8ce35e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSet.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/z/zBarrierSet.inline.hpp
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "gc/z/zHeap.hpp"
 #include "gc/z/zNMethod.hpp"
 #include "gc/z/zUtils.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/accessBackend.hpp"
 #include "oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.hpp"
 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
@@ -448,125 +449,114 @@ inline void ZBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::clone_in_heap(o
   clone_obj(to_zaddress(src), to_zaddress(dst), ZUtils::words_to_bytes(size));
 }
 
-static inline void copy_primitive_payload(const void* src, const void* dst, const size_t payload_size_bytes, size_t& copied_bytes) {
-  if (payload_size_bytes == 0) {
+// Iterate over a value payload and visit all blocks of primitive fields and all oops.
+template <typename PrimitiveFunction, typename OopFunction>
+void value_primitive_and_oop_iterate(InlineKlass* klass,
+                                     address payload,
+                                     size_t payload_size,
+                                     PrimitiveFunction primitive_function,
+                                     OopFunction oop_function) {
+  if (!klass->contains_oops()) {
+    // Only primitive fields
+    primitive_function(0, payload_size);
     return;
   }
 
-  void* src_payload = (void*)(address(src) + copied_bytes);
-  void* dst_payload = (void*)(address(dst) + copied_bytes);
-  Copy::copy_value_content(src_payload, dst_payload, payload_size_bytes);
-  copied_bytes += payload_size_bytes;
-}
+  size_t visited = 0;
 
-static inline void clear_primitive_payload(const void* dst, const size_t payload_size_bytes, size_t& copied_bytes) {
-  if (payload_size_bytes == 0) {
-    return;
-  }
+  // Visit primitive and oop fields up until and including the last oop field
+  klass->oop_iterate_value_payload_f<oop>(payload,
+                                          [&](oop* p) {
+    const size_t oop_offset = (address)p - payload;
+
+    assert(visited <= oop_offset, "Negative sized leading payload segment");
+
+    // Visit any previous unvisited primitive fields
+    if (oop_offset > visited) {
+      const size_t size = oop_offset - visited;
+      primitive_function(visited, size);
+      visited += size;
+    }
+
+    // Visit the oop field
+    oop_function(oop_offset);
+    visited += sizeof(zpointer);
+  });
 
-  void* dst_payload = (void*)(address(dst) + copied_bytes);
-  Copy::fill_to_memory_atomic(dst_payload, payload_size_bytes);
-  copied_bytes += payload_size_bytes;
+  // Visit any trailing primitive payload after the last oop
+  assert(visited <= payload_size, "Negative sized trailing payload segment");
+  if (payload_size > visited) {
+    const size_t size = payload_size - visited;
+    primitive_function(visited, size);
+  }
 }
 
 template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename BarrierSetT>
 inline void ZBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::value_copy_in_heap(const ValuePayload& src, const ValuePayload& dst) {
   precond(src.klass() == dst.klass());
 
-  const LayoutKind lk = LayoutKindHelper::get_copy_layout(src.layout_kind(), dst.layout_kind());
-  const InlineKlass* md = src.klass();
-  if (md->contains_oops()) {
-    assert(!LayoutKindHelper::is_atomic_flat(lk) ||
-               (md->nonstatic_oop_map_count() == 1 &&
-                md->layout_size_in_bytes(lk) == sizeof(zpointer)),
-           "ZGC can only handle atomic flat values with a single oop");
-
-    // Iterate over each oop map, performing:
-    //   1) possibly raw copy for any primitive payload before each map
-    //   2) load and store barrier for each oop
-    //   3) possibly raw copy for any primitive payload trailer
-
-    // addr() points at the payload start, the oop map offset are relative to
-    // the object header, adjust address to account for this discrepancy.
-    const address src_addr = src.addr();
-    const address dst_addr = dst.addr();
-    const address oop_map_adjusted_src_addr = src_addr - md->payload_offset();
-    OopMapBlock* map = md->start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps();
-    const OopMapBlock* const end = map + md->nonstatic_oop_map_count();
-    size_t size_in_bytes = md->layout_size_in_bytes(lk);
-    size_t copied_bytes = 0;
-    while (map != end) {
-      zpointer* src_p = (zpointer*)(oop_map_adjusted_src_addr + map->offset());
-      const uintptr_t oop_offset = uintptr_t(src_p) - uintptr_t(src_addr);
-      zpointer* dst_p = (zpointer*)(uintptr_t(dst_addr) + oop_offset);
-
-      // Copy any leading primitive payload before every cluster of oops
-      assert(copied_bytes < oop_offset || copied_bytes == oop_offset, "Negative sized leading payload segment");
-      copy_primitive_payload(src_addr, dst_addr, oop_offset - copied_bytes, copied_bytes);
-
-      // Copy a cluster of oops
-      for (const zpointer* const src_end = src_p + map->count(); src_p < src_end; src_p++, dst_p++) {
-        oop_copy_one(dst_p, src_p);
-        copied_bytes += sizeof(zpointer);
-      }
-      map++;
-    }
+  InlineKlass* const klass = src.klass();
 
-    // Copy trailing primitive payload after potential oops
-    assert(copied_bytes < size_in_bytes || copied_bytes == size_in_bytes, "Negative sized trailing payload segment");
-    copy_primitive_payload(src_addr, dst_addr, size_in_bytes - copied_bytes, copied_bytes);
-  } else {
-    Raw::value_copy_in_heap(src, dst);
-  }
+  const LayoutKind layout_kind = LayoutKindHelper::get_copy_layout(src.layout_kind(), dst.layout_kind());
+  const size_t payload_size = klass->layout_size_in_bytes(layout_kind);
+
+  // The addr() points at the payload start, not the object start.
+  const address src_payload = src.addr();
+  const address dst_payload = dst.addr();
+
+  auto primitive_function = [&](size_t offset, size_t size) {
+    Copy::copy_value_content(src_payload + offset, dst_payload + offset, size);
+  };
+
+  auto oop_function = [&](size_t offset) {
+    zpointer* const src_p = (zpointer*)(src_payload + offset);
+    zpointer* const dst_p = (zpointer*)(dst_payload + offset);
+    const OopCopyResult result = oop_copy_one(dst_p, src_p);
+    assert(result == OopCopyResult::ok, "Unexpected copy checks");
+  };
+
+  value_primitive_and_oop_iterate(
+    klass,
+    dst_payload,
+    payload_size,
+    primitive_function,
+    oop_function);
 }
 
 template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename BarrierSetT>
 inline void ZBarrierSet::AccessBarrier<decorators, BarrierSetT>::value_store_null_in_heap(const ValuePayload& dst) {
-  const LayoutKind lk = dst.layout_kind();
-  assert(!LayoutKindHelper::is_null_free_flat(lk), "Cannot store null in null free layout");
-  const InlineKlass* md = dst.klass();
-
-  if (md->contains_oops()) {
-    assert(!LayoutKindHelper::is_atomic_flat(lk) ||
-               (md->nonstatic_oop_map_count() == 1 &&
-                md->layout_size_in_bytes(lk) == sizeof(zpointer)),
-           "ZGC can only handle atomic flat values with a single oop");
-
-    // Iterate over each oop map, performing:
-    //   1) possibly raw clear for any primitive payload before each map
-    //   2) store barrier and clear for each oop
-    //   3) possibly raw clear for any primitive payload trailer
-
-    // addr() points at the payload start, the oop map offset are relative to
-    // the object header, adjust address to account for this discrepancy.
-    const address dst_addr = dst.addr();
-    const address oop_map_adjusted_dst_addr = dst_addr - md->payload_offset();
-    OopMapBlock* map = md->start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps();
-    const OopMapBlock* const end = map + md->nonstatic_oop_map_count();
-    size_t size_in_bytes = md->layout_size_in_bytes(lk);
-    size_t copied_bytes = 0;
-    while (map != end) {
-      zpointer* dst_p = (zpointer*)(oop_map_adjusted_dst_addr + map->offset());
-      const uintptr_t oop_offset = uintptr_t(dst_p) - uintptr_t(dst_addr);
-
-      // Clear any leading primitive payload before every cluster of oops
-      assert(copied_bytes < oop_offset || copied_bytes == oop_offset, "Negative sized leading payload segment");
-      clear_primitive_payload(dst_addr, oop_offset - copied_bytes, copied_bytes);
-
-      // Clear a cluster of oops
-      for (const zpointer* const dst_end = dst_p + map->count(); dst_p < dst_end; dst_p++) {
-        oop_clear_one(dst_p);
-        copied_bytes += sizeof(zpointer);
-      }
-      map++;
-    }
+  InlineKlass* const klass = dst.klass();
+  const LayoutKind layout_kind = dst.layout_kind();
 
-    // Clear trailing primitive payload after potential oops
-    assert(copied_bytes < size_in_bytes || copied_bytes == size_in_bytes, "Negative sized trailing payload segment");
-    clear_primitive_payload(dst_addr, size_in_bytes - copied_bytes, copied_bytes);
-  } else {
+  assert(!LayoutKindHelper::is_null_free_flat(layout_kind),
+         "Cannot store null in null free layout");
+
+  if (!klass->contains_oops()) {
+    // All fields are primitives
     Raw::value_store_null(dst);
+    return;
   }
+
+  const size_t payload_size = klass->layout_size_in_bytes(layout_kind);
+
+  // The addr() points at the payload start, not the object start.
+  const address dst_payload = dst.addr();
+
+  auto primitive_function = [&](size_t offset, size_t size) {
+    Copy::clear_value_content(dst_payload + offset, size);
+  };
+
+  auto oop_function = [&](size_t offset) {
+    zpointer* const p = (zpointer*)(dst_payload + offset);
+    const OopCopyResult result = oop_clear_one(p);
+    assert(result == OopCopyResult::ok, "Unexpected copy checks");
+  };
+
+  value_primitive_and_oop_iterate(klass,
+                                  dst_payload,
+                                  payload_size,
+                                  primitive_function,
+                                  oop_function);
 }
 
 //
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.inline.hpp
index eb990ddcf40..11eaa6c7880 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/flatArrayKlass.inline.hpp
@@ -65,7 +65,6 @@ void FlatArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate_elements_specialized_bounded(flatArrayOop a
   const int addr_incr = 1 << shift;
   uintptr_t elem_addr = (uintptr_t)a->base();
   uintptr_t stop_addr = elem_addr + ((uintptr_t)a->length() << shift);
-  const int oop_offset = element_klass()->payload_offset();
 
   if (elem_addr < lo) {
     uintptr_t diff = lo - elem_addr;
@@ -78,7 +77,7 @@ void FlatArrayKlass::oop_oop_iterate_elements_specialized_bounded(flatArrayOop a
 
   const uintptr_t end = stop_addr;
   while (elem_addr < end) {
-    element_klass()->oop_iterate_specialized_bounded<T>((address)(elem_addr - oop_offset), closure, lo, hi);
+    element_klass()->oop_iterate_value_payload_bounded<T>((address)elem_addr, closure, lo, hi);
     elem_addr += addr_incr;
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.hpp
index 8be85a989e8..63922f20b6f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.hpp
@@ -279,12 +279,17 @@ class InlineKlass: public InstanceKlass {
   bool contains_oops() const { return nonstatic_oop_map_count() > 0; }
   int nonstatic_oop_count();
 
-  // oop iterate raw inline type data pointer (where oop_addr may not be an oop, but backing/array-element)
+  // oop iterate the payload of a value object.
+  //
+  // * Function: void function(T* p)
+  template <typename T, typename Function>
+  inline void oop_iterate_value_payload_f(address payload, Function function);
+
   template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
-  inline void oop_iterate_specialized(const address oop_addr, OopClosureType* closure);
+  inline void oop_iterate_value_payload(address payload, OopClosureType* closure);
 
   template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
-  inline void oop_iterate_specialized_bounded(const address oop_addr, OopClosureType* closure, uintptr_t lo, uintptr_t hi);
+  inline void oop_iterate_value_payload_bounded(address payload, OopClosureType* closure, uintptr_t lo, uintptr_t hi);
 
   // Support for the scalarized calling convention
   void initialize_calling_convention(TRAPS);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp
index 393c07fe9fa..96882dd2f5c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.inline.hpp
@@ -115,30 +115,47 @@ inline address InlineKlass::payload_addr(oop o) const {
   return cast_from_oop<address>(o) + payload_offset();
 }
 
-template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
-void InlineKlass::oop_iterate_specialized(const address oop_addr, OopClosureType* closure) {
+template <typename T, typename Function>
+void InlineKlass::oop_iterate_value_payload_f(address payload, Function function) {
   OopMapBlock* map = start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps();
   OopMapBlock* const end_map = map + nonstatic_oop_map_count();
 
+  // OopMap offsets are relative to an object header, but we are iterating over
+  // inlined value payloads, which often don't have an object header. Set up a
+  // synthetic object base that can be used by the oop map offset calculations.
+  const address synthetic_object_base = payload - payload_offset();
+
   for (; map < end_map; map++) {
-    T* p = (T*) (oop_addr + map->offset());
+    T* p = (T*) (synthetic_object_base + map->offset());
     T* const end = p + map->count();
     for (; p < end; ++p) {
-      Devirtualizer::do_oop(closure, p);
+      function(p);
     }
   }
 }
 
 template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
-inline void InlineKlass::oop_iterate_specialized_bounded(const address oop_addr, OopClosureType* closure, uintptr_t lo, uintptr_t hi) {
+void InlineKlass::oop_iterate_value_payload(address payload, OopClosureType* closure) {
+  oop_iterate_value_payload_f<T>(payload, [&](T* p) {
+    Devirtualizer::do_oop(closure, p);
+  });
+}
+
+template <typename T, class OopClosureType>
+inline void InlineKlass::oop_iterate_value_payload_bounded(address payload, OopClosureType* closure, uintptr_t lo, uintptr_t hi) {
   OopMapBlock* map = start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps();
   OopMapBlock* const end_map = map + nonstatic_oop_map_count();
 
   T* const l   = (T*) lo;
   T* const h   = (T*) hi;
 
+  // OopMap offsets are relative to an object header, but we are iterating over
+  // inlined value payloads, which often don't have an object header. Set up a
+  // synthetic object base that can be used by the oop map offset calculations.
+  const address synthetic_object_base = payload - payload_offset();
+
   for (; map < end_map; map++) {
-    T* p = (T*) (oop_addr + map->offset());
+    T* p = (T*) (synthetic_object_base + map->offset());
     T* end = p + map->count();
     if (p < l) {
       p = l;

From 16bf2730aa19fafb65d5bf8aff1f499579975c9a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vladimir Kozlov <kvn@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 14 Aug 2026 16:23:09 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 569/707] 8390329: Obsolete AlwaysCompileLoopMethods VM flag

Reviewed-by: dholmes, mchevalier
---
 src/hotspot/share/compiler/compilationPolicy.cpp | 3 +--
 src/hotspot/share/compiler/compileBroker.cpp     | 4 ++--
 src/hotspot/share/compiler/compileBroker.hpp     | 1 -
 src/hotspot/share/compiler/compileTask.hpp       | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp          | 6 +-----
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.hpp          | 1 -
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp            | 4 ----
 7 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compilationPolicy.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compilationPolicy.cpp
index 81c03587416..2b451ebb5b3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compilationPolicy.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compilationPolicy.cpp
@@ -79,8 +79,7 @@ bool CompilationPolicy::must_be_compiled(const methodHandle& m, int comp_level)
   if (m->has_compiled_code()) return false;       // already compiled
   if (!can_be_compiled(m, comp_level)) return false;
 
-  return !UseInterpreter ||                                                                        // must compile all methods
-         (AlwaysCompileLoopMethods && m->has_loops() && CompileBroker::should_compile_new_jobs()); // eagerly compile loop methods
+  return !UseInterpreter; // must compile all methods
 }
 
 void CompilationPolicy::maybe_compile_early(const methodHandle& m, TRAPS) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compileBroker.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compileBroker.cpp
index 099f29f96bf..7ca7b57b43b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compileBroker.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compileBroker.cpp
@@ -1744,7 +1744,7 @@ void CompileBroker::compiler_thread_loop() {
       // Never compile a method if breakpoints are present in it
       if (method()->number_of_breakpoints() == 0) {
         // Compile the method.
-        if ((UseCompiler || AlwaysCompileLoopMethods) && CompileBroker::should_compile_new_jobs()) {
+        if (UseCompiler && CompileBroker::should_compile_new_jobs()) {
           invoke_compiler_on_method(task);
           thread->start_idle_timer();
         } else {
@@ -2152,7 +2152,7 @@ void CompileBroker::invoke_compiler_on_method(CompileTask* task) {
  */
 void CompileBroker::handle_full_code_cache(CodeBlobType code_blob_type) {
   UseInterpreter = true;
-  if (UseCompiler || AlwaysCompileLoopMethods ) {
+  if (UseCompiler) {
     if (xtty != nullptr) {
       stringStream s;
       // Dump code cache state into a buffer before locking the tty,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compileBroker.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compileBroker.hpp
index f1d69c8c0bf..db2e9069913 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compileBroker.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compileBroker.hpp
@@ -369,7 +369,6 @@ class CompileBroker: AllStatic {
 
   static void disable_compilation_forever() {
     UseCompiler               = false;
-    AlwaysCompileLoopMethods  = false;
     AtomicAccess::xchg(&_should_compile_new_jobs, jint(shutdown_compilation));
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compileTask.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compileTask.hpp
index 1bed0ce06c1..4e1cdedf3d8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compileTask.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/compiler/compileTask.hpp
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ class CompileTask : public CHeapObj<mtCompiler> {
       Reason_Tiered,           // Tiered-policy
       Reason_Replay,           // ciReplay
       Reason_Whitebox,         // Whitebox API
-      Reason_MustBeCompiled,   // Used for -Xcomp or AlwaysCompileLoopMethods (see CompilationPolicy::must_be_compiled())
+      Reason_MustBeCompiled,   // Used for -Xcomp (see CompilationPolicy::must_be_compiled())
       Reason_Count
   };
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp
index 0f931099dd4..2cd0c6bbdd2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp
@@ -96,7 +96,6 @@ const char*  Arguments::_sun_java_launcher      = DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER;
 bool   Arguments::_executing_unit_tests         = false;
 
 // These parameters are reset in method parse_vm_init_args()
-bool   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods     = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
 bool   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement        = UseOnStackReplacement;
 bool   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation        = BackgroundCompilation;
 bool   Arguments::_ClipInlining                 = ClipInlining;
@@ -536,7 +535,6 @@ static SpecialFlag const special_jvm_flags[] = {
   // --- Deprecated alias flags (see also aliased_jvm_flags) - sorted by obsolete_in then expired_in:
   { "CreateMinidumpOnCrash",        JDK_Version::jdk(9),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
   { "InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent", JDK_Version::jdk(27),  JDK_Version::jdk(28), JDK_Version::jdk(29) },
-  { "AlwaysCompileLoopMethods",     JDK_Version::jdk(27),  JDK_Version::jdk(28), JDK_Version::jdk(29) },
 
   // -------------- Obsolete Flags - sorted by expired_in --------------
 
@@ -547,6 +545,7 @@ static SpecialFlag const special_jvm_flags[] = {
 #ifdef _LP64
   { "UseCompressedClassPointers",   JDK_Version::jdk(25),  JDK_Version::jdk(27), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 #endif
+  { "AlwaysCompileLoopMethods",     JDK_Version::jdk(27),  JDK_Version::jdk(28), JDK_Version::jdk(29) },
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
   { "DummyObsoleteTestFlag",        JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(18), JDK_Version::undefined() },
@@ -1358,7 +1357,6 @@ void Arguments::set_mode_flags(Mode mode) {
   // Default values may be platform/compiler dependent -
   // use the saved values
   ClipInlining               = Arguments::_ClipInlining;
-  AlwaysCompileLoopMethods   = Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
   UseOnStackReplacement      = Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement;
   BackgroundCompilation      = Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation;
 
@@ -1370,7 +1368,6 @@ void Arguments::set_mode_flags(Mode mode) {
   case _int:
     UseCompiler              = false;
     UseLoopCounter           = false;
-    AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = false;
     UseOnStackReplacement    = false;
     break;
   case _mixed:
@@ -1676,7 +1673,6 @@ Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::parse_memory_size(const char* s,
 
 jint Arguments::parse_vm_init_args(GrowableArrayCHeap<VMInitArgsGroup, mtArguments>* all_args) {
   // Save default settings for some mode flags
-  Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement    = UseOnStackReplacement;
   Arguments::_ClipInlining             = ClipInlining;
   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation    = BackgroundCompilation;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.hpp
index bda1de4edea..80f993eba70 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.hpp
@@ -253,7 +253,6 @@ class Arguments : AllStatic {
   static bool _has_jdwp_agent;
 
   // Used to save default settings
-  static bool _AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
   static bool _UseOnStackReplacement;
   static bool _BackgroundCompilation;
   static bool _ClipInlining;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
index 89b8fd11c94..295e92018ee 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
@@ -1224,10 +1224,6 @@ const int ObjectAlignmentInBytes = 8;
   product(bool, UseCompiler, true,                                          \
           "Use Just-In-Time compilation")                                   \
                                                                             \
-  product(bool, AlwaysCompileLoopMethods, false,                            \
-          "(Deprecated) When using recompilation, never interpret methods " \
-          "containing loops")                                               \
-                                                                            \
   product(int,  AllocatePrefetchStyle, 1,                                   \
           "0 = no prefetch, "                                               \
           "1 = generate prefetch instructions for each allocation, "        \

From 982afa5d48c0d65f7038489b6d7ae555e7e14cfe Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ioi Lam <iklam@openjdk.org>
Date: Sat, 15 Aug 2026 01:26:39 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 570/707] 8388525: Disallow different module options between
 AOT training and assembly

Reviewed-by: asmehra, matsaave
---
 src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.cpp    | 117 +++++++-----
 src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.hpp    |   9 +-
 src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp        |   6 +-
 src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.hpp        |   4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp             |  23 +--
 src/hotspot/share/classfile/modules.cpp       |  58 ++++--
 .../appcds/aotCache/InvalidModuleOptions.java | 176 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../cds/appcds/aotCache/OldClassSupport2.java |   5 -
 .../com.moretest/com/moretest/Bar.java        |  27 +++
 .../modules2/com.moretest/module-info.java    |  27 +++
 .../com/evenmoretest/Baz.java                 |  27 +++
 .../com.evenmoretest/module-info.java         |  27 +++
 .../cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/AddReads.java  |   6 +-
 .../jigsaw/modulepath/ModulePathAndFMG.java   |  16 +-
 14 files changed, 435 insertions(+), 93 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/InvalidModuleOptions.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/modules2/com.moretest/com/moretest/Bar.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/modules2/com.moretest/module-info.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/modules3/com.evenmoretest/com/evenmoretest/Baz.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/modules3/com.evenmoretest/module-info.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.cpp
index aaff14d2b3a..464bacd1ca0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.cpp
@@ -98,6 +98,7 @@ class ClassLocationStream {
 
   int current() const { return _current; }
   bool is_empty() const { return _array.length() == 0; }
+  int size() const { return _array.length(); }
 };
 
 class BootCpClassLocationStream : public ClassLocationStream {
@@ -435,7 +436,7 @@ bool AOTClassLocation::check(const char* runtime_path, bool has_aot_linked_class
     }
   }
 
-  log_info(class, path)("ok");
+  log_info(class, path)("ok (file size and timestamp have not changed)");
   return true;
 }
 
@@ -760,7 +761,7 @@ bool AOTClassLocationConfig::check_classpaths(bool is_boot_classpath, bool has_a
   LogTarget(Info, class, path) lt;
   if (lt.is_enabled()) {
     LogStream ls(lt);
-    ls.print("Checking %s classpath", which);
+    ls.print("Checking %s classpath from index [%d]", which, index_start);
     ls.print_cr("%s", use_lcp_match ? " (with longest common prefix substitution)" : "");
     ls.print("- expected : '");
     print_dumptime_classpath(ls, index_start, index_end, use_lcp_match, _dumptime_lcp_len, runtime_lcp, runtime_lcp_len);
@@ -832,68 +833,94 @@ bool AOTClassLocationConfig::check_paths_existence(ClassLocationStream& runtime_
   return exist;
 }
 
-bool AOTClassLocationConfig::check_module_paths(bool has_aot_linked_classes, int index_start, int index_end,
-                                                ClassLocationStream& runtime_css,
-                                                bool* has_extra_module_paths) const {
-  if (index_start >= index_end && runtime_css.is_empty()) { // nothing to check
-    return true;
-  }
-
+bool AOTClassLocationConfig::check_module_paths(bool has_aot_linked_classes, bool has_full_module_graph,
+                                                ModulePathClassLocationStream& runtime_module_css) const {
+  const int index_start = module_path_start_index();
+  const int index_end = module_path_end_index();
   ResourceMark rm;
 
   LogTarget(Info, class, path) lt;
   if (lt.is_enabled()) {
     LogStream ls(lt);
-    ls.print_cr("Checking module paths");
+    ls.print_cr("Checking module paths from index [%d]", index_start);
     ls.print("- expected : '");
     print_dumptime_classpath(ls, index_start, index_end, false, 0, nullptr, 0);
     ls.print_cr("'");
     ls.print("- actual   : '");
-    runtime_css.print(&ls);
+    runtime_module_css.print(&ls);
     ls.print_cr("'");
   }
 
-  // Make sure all the dumptime module paths exist and are unchanged
+  // All JAR files in the dumptime module paths must exist and must be unchanged,
+  // or else we have a "hard" failure, as we can no longer guarantee that archived
+  // classes from the module paths remain unchanged at runtime.
   for (int i = index_start; i < index_end; i++) {
     const AOTClassLocation* cs = class_location_at(i);
     const char* dumptime_path = cs->path();
 
     assert(!cs->from_cpattr(), "not applicable for module path");
-    log_info(class, path)("Checking '%s' %s", dumptime_path, cs->file_type_string());
+    log_info(class, path)("Checking [%d] '%s' %s", i, dumptime_path, cs->file_type_string());
 
     if (!cs->check(dumptime_path, has_aot_linked_classes)) {
       return false;
     }
   }
 
-  // We allow runtime_css to be a superset of the module paths specified in dumptime. E.g.,
-  // Dumptime:    A:C
-  // Runtime:     A:B:C
-  runtime_css.start();
+  if (!check_module_paths_exact_match(runtime_module_css)) {
+    if (CDSConfig::new_aot_flags_used()) {
+      // New AOT workflow requires an exact match for --module-paths.
+      return false;
+    } else {
+      // For classical CDS, we have a "soft" failure if the runtime module paths are
+      // not an exact match with the dumptime module paths:
+      //   Classes from the module path will not be loaded if they are
+      //   rejected by SystemDictionary::is_shared_class_visible().
+      if (has_full_module_graph) {
+        CDSConfig::disable_full_module_graph();
+        AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("full module graph: disabled because extra module path(s) are specified");
+      }
+
+      if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_dynamic_archive() && num_module_paths() > 0) {
+        CDSConfig::disable_dumping_dynamic_archive();
+        aot_log_warning(aot)("Dynamic archiving is disabled because base layer archive has a different module path");
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool AOTClassLocationConfig::check_module_paths_exact_match(ModulePathClassLocationStream& runtime_module_css) const {
+  if (runtime_module_css.has_non_jar_modules()) {
+    AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("module path contains sub-directories or non-JAR files (incompatible with full module graph)");
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const int index_start = module_path_start_index();
+  const int index_end = module_path_end_index();
+
+  runtime_module_css.start();
   for (int i = index_start; i < index_end; i++) {
     const AOTClassLocation* cs = class_location_at(i);
     const char* dumptime_path = cs->path();
 
-    while (true) {
-      if (!runtime_css.has_next()) {
-        aot_log_warning(aot)("module path has fewer elements than expected");
-        *has_extra_module_paths = true;
-        return true;
-      }
-      // Both this->class_locations() and runtime_css are alphabetically sorted. Skip
-      // items in runtime_css until we see dumptime_path.
-      const char* runtime_path = runtime_css.get_next();
-      if (!os::same_files(dumptime_path, runtime_path)) {
-        *has_extra_module_paths = true;
-        return true;
-      } else {
-        break;
-      }
+    if (!runtime_module_css.has_next()) {
+      AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("module path has fewer elements (%d) than expected (%d)", runtime_module_css.size(), num_module_paths());
+      return false;
+    }
+    const char* runtime_path = runtime_module_css.get_next();
+    // Both dumptime and runtime module paths are alphabetically sorted, so we just need to
+    // compare each element at the same position.
+    if (!os::same_files(dumptime_path, runtime_path)) {
+      AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("module path at [%d] is different: expected %s actual %s",
+                                         i, dumptime_path, runtime_path);
+      return false;
     }
   }
 
-  if (runtime_css.has_next()) {
-    *has_extra_module_paths = true;
+  if (runtime_module_css.has_next()) {
+    AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("module path has more elements (%d) than expected (%d)", runtime_module_css.size(), num_module_paths());
+    return false;
   }
 
   return true;
@@ -967,12 +994,13 @@ bool AOTClassLocationConfig::need_lcp_match_helper(int start, int end, ClassLoca
   return true;
 }
 
-bool AOTClassLocationConfig::validate(const char* cache_filename, bool has_aot_linked_classes, bool* has_extra_module_paths) const {
+bool AOTClassLocationConfig::validate(const char* cache_filename, bool has_aot_linked_classes, bool has_full_module_graph) const {
   ResourceMark rm;
   AllClassLocationStreams all_css;
 
   log_locations(cache_filename, /*is_write=*/false);
 
+  // (1) Check JRT modules image
   const char* jrt = ClassLoader::get_jrt_entry()->name();
   log_info(class, path)("Checking [0] (modules image)");
   bool success = class_location_at(0)->check(jrt, has_aot_linked_classes);
@@ -980,13 +1008,9 @@ bool AOTClassLocationConfig::validate(const char* cache_filename, bool has_aot_l
   if (!success) {
     return false;
   }
-  if (class_locations()->length() == 1) {
-    if ((module_path_start_index() >= module_path_end_index()) && Arguments::get_property("jdk.module.path") != nullptr) {
-      *has_extra_module_paths = true;
-    } else {
-      *has_extra_module_paths = false;
-    }
-  } else {
+
+  {
+    // (2) Check boot/app classpath
     bool use_lcp_match = need_lcp_match(all_css);
     const char* runtime_lcp;
     size_t runtime_lcp_len;
@@ -1011,11 +1035,10 @@ bool AOTClassLocationConfig::validate(const char* cache_filename, bool has_aot_l
       log_info(class, path)("Archived app classpath validation: %s", success ? "passed" : "failed");
     }
 
+    // (3) Check module paths
     if (success) {
-      success = check_module_paths(has_aot_linked_classes, module_path_start_index(), module_path_end_index(),
-                                   all_css.module_path(), has_extra_module_paths);
-      log_info(class, path)("Archived module path validation: %s%s", success ? "passed" : "failed",
-                            (*has_extra_module_paths) ? " (extra module paths found)" : "");
+      success = check_module_paths(has_aot_linked_classes, has_full_module_graph, all_css.module_path());
+      log_info(class, path)("Archived module path validation: %s", success ? "passed" : "failed");
     }
 
     if (runtime_lcp_len > 0) {
@@ -1033,7 +1056,7 @@ bool AOTClassLocationConfig::validate(const char* cache_filename, bool has_aot_l
       if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive()) {
         aot_log_error(aot)("class path and/or module path are not compatible with the "
                        "ones specified when the AOTConfiguration file was recorded%s", hint_msg);
-        vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use create AOT cache.", nullptr);
+        AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_writing_error("Unable to use create AOT cache.");
       } else {
         aot_log_error(aot)("%s%s", mismatch_msg, hint_msg);
         AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_loading_error();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.hpp
index 89a5e6bc939..bdf50535c9e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 class AllClassLocationStreams;
 class ClassLocationStream;
 class ClassPathZipEntry;
+class ModulePathClassLocationStream;
 class LogStream;
 
 // An AOTClassLocation is a location where the application is configured to load Java classes
@@ -164,8 +165,8 @@ class AOTClassLocationConfig : public CHeapObj<mtClassShared> {
   bool check_classpaths(bool is_boot_classpath, bool has_aot_linked_classes,
                         int index_start, int index_end, ClassLocationStream& runtime_css,
                         bool use_lcp_match, const char* runtime_lcp, size_t runtime_lcp_len) const;
-  bool check_module_paths(bool has_aot_linked_classes, int index_start, int index_end, ClassLocationStream& runtime_css,
-                          bool* has_extra_module_paths) const;
+  bool check_module_paths(bool has_aot_linked_classes, bool has_full_module_graph, ModulePathClassLocationStream& runtime_module_css) const;
+  bool check_module_paths_exact_match(ModulePathClassLocationStream& runtime_module_css) const;
   bool file_exists(const char* filename) const;
   bool check_paths_existence(ClassLocationStream& runtime_css) const;
 
@@ -270,7 +271,7 @@ class AOTClassLocationConfig : public CHeapObj<mtClassShared> {
   AOTClassLocationConfig* write_to_archive() const;
 
   // Functions used only during runtime
-  bool validate(const char* cache_filename, bool has_aot_linked_classes, bool* has_extra_module_paths) const;
+  bool validate(const char* cache_filename, bool has_aot_linked_classes, bool has_full_module_graph) const;
 
   bool is_valid_classpath_index(int classpath_index, InstanceKlass* ik);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
index 31840f04c38..ca0fd2f4e9e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.cpp
@@ -1466,6 +1466,7 @@ bool AOTMetaspace::in_aot_cache_static_region(void* p) {
 // - There's an error that indicates that the archive(s) files were corrupt or otherwise damaged.
 // - When -XX:+RequireSharedSpaces is specified, AND the JVM cannot load the archive(s) due
 //   to version or classpath mismatch.
+[[noreturn]]
 void AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_loading_error(const char* message) {
   report_loading_error("%s", message);
 
@@ -1476,6 +1477,7 @@ void AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_loading_error(const char* message) {
   } else {
     vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use shared archive. Unrecoverable archive loading error (run with -Xlog:aot,cds for details)", message);
   }
+  ShouldNotReachHere();
 }
 
 void AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error(const char* format, ...) {
@@ -1511,15 +1513,17 @@ void AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error(const char* format, ...) {
 
 // This function is called when the JVM is unable to write the specified CDS archive due to an
 // unrecoverable error.
+[[noreturn]]
 void AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_writing_error(const char* message) {
   writing_error(message);
   vm_direct_exit(1);
+  ShouldNotReachHere();
 }
 
 // This function is called when the JVM is unable to write the specified CDS archive due to a
 // an error. The error will be propagated
 void AOTMetaspace::writing_error(const char* message) {
-  aot_log_error(aot)("An error has occurred while writing the shared archive file.");
+  aot_log_error(aot)("An error has occurred while writing the %s.", CDSConfig::type_of_archive_being_written());
   if (message != nullptr) {
     aot_log_error(aot)("%s", message);
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.hpp
index 163fff73f8f..9a2151f7308 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotMetaspace.hpp
@@ -119,9 +119,9 @@ class AOTMetaspace : AllStatic {
 
   static bool preimage_static_archive_dumped() NOT_CDS_RETURN_(false);
 
-  static void unrecoverable_loading_error(const char* message = "unrecoverable error");
+  [[noreturn]] static void unrecoverable_loading_error(const char* message = "unrecoverable error");
   static void report_loading_error(const char* format, ...) ATTRIBUTE_PRINTF(1, 0);
-  static void unrecoverable_writing_error(const char* message = nullptr);
+  [[noreturn]] static void unrecoverable_writing_error(const char* message = nullptr);
   static void writing_error(const char* message = nullptr);
 
   static void make_method_handle_intrinsics_shareable() NOT_CDS_RETURN;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp
index 81c49d6fc8a..a7320dc23cf 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp
@@ -405,8 +405,8 @@ bool FileMapInfo::validate_class_location() {
   assert(CDSConfig::is_using_archive(), "runtime only");
 
   AOTClassLocationConfig* config = header()->class_location_config();
-  bool has_extra_module_paths = false;
-  if (!config->validate(full_path(), header()->has_aot_linked_classes(), &has_extra_module_paths)) {
+
+  if (!config->validate(full_path(), header()->has_aot_linked_classes(), header()->has_full_module_graph())) {
     if (PrintSharedArchiveAndExit) {
       AOTMetaspace::set_archive_loading_failed();
       return true;
@@ -415,11 +415,6 @@ bool FileMapInfo::validate_class_location() {
     }
   }
 
-  if (header()->has_full_module_graph() && has_extra_module_paths) {
-    CDSConfig::disable_full_module_graph();
-    AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("full module graph: disabled because extra module path(s) are specified");
-  }
-
   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_dynamic_archive()) {
     // Only support dynamic dumping with the usage of the default CDS archive
     // or a simple base archive.
@@ -430,13 +425,6 @@ bool FileMapInfo::validate_class_location() {
       aot_log_warning(aot)(
         "Dynamic archiving is disabled because base layer archive has appended boot classpath");
     }
-    if (config->num_module_paths() > 0) {
-      if (has_extra_module_paths) {
-        CDSConfig::disable_dumping_dynamic_archive();
-        aot_log_warning(aot)(
-          "Dynamic archiving is disabled because base layer archive has a different module path");
-      }
-    }
   }
 
 #if INCLUDE_JVMTI
@@ -1870,6 +1858,13 @@ bool FileMapInfo::validate_aot_class_linking() {
 #endif
   }
 
+  if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive() && header()->aot_class_linking_value() && !CDSConfig::is_dumping_aot_linked_classes()) {
+    ResourceMark rm;
+    const char* msg = err_msg("AOT class linking was enabled in training run but has been disabled%s",
+                              (CDSConfig::is_dumping_full_module_graph() ? "" : " due to incompatible module options"));
+    AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_writing_error(msg);
+  }
+
   return true;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/modules.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/modules.cpp
index 6892d694d63..1e5f127815b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/modules.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/modules.cpp
@@ -587,29 +587,59 @@ Modules::ArchivedProperty& Modules::archived_prop(size_t i) {
 
 void Modules::ArchivedProperty::runtime_check() const {
   ResourceMark rm;
-  const char* runtime_value = get_flattened_value();
+  const char* old_value = _archived_value;
+  const char* new_value = get_flattened_value();
   aot_log_info(aot)("archived module property %s: %s", _prop,
-                _archived_value != nullptr ? _archived_value : "(null)");
+                old_value != nullptr ? old_value : "(null)");
+
+  bool mismatch = false;
+  const char* old_label1;
+  const char* old_label2;
+  const char* new_label1;
+  const char* new_label2;
+
+  if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive()) {
+    old_label1 = "in AOTConfiguration";
+    old_label2 = ", AOTConfiguration =";
+    new_label1 = "for current JVM";
+    new_label2 = "current =";
+  } else if (CDSConfig::new_aot_flags_used()) {
+    old_label1 = "in AOTCache";
+    old_label2 = ", AOTCache =";
+    new_label1 = "for current JVM";
+    new_label2 = "current =";
+  } else {
+    old_label1 = "during dump time";
+    old_label2 = " dump time";
+    new_label1 = "during runtime";
+    new_label2 = "runtime";
+  }
 
-  bool disable = false;
-  if (runtime_value == nullptr) {
-    if (_archived_value != nullptr) {
-      AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("Mismatched values for property %s: %s specified during dump time but not during runtime", _prop, _archived_value);
-      disable = true;
+  if (new_value == nullptr) {
+    if (old_value != nullptr) {
+      AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("Mismatched values for property %s: %s specified %s but not %s",
+                                         _prop, old_value, old_label1, new_label1);
+      mismatch = true;
     }
   } else {
-    if (_archived_value == nullptr) {
-      AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("Mismatched values for property %s: %s specified during runtime but not during dump time", _prop, runtime_value);
-      disable = true;
-    } else if (strcmp(runtime_value, _archived_value) != 0) {
-      AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("Mismatched values for property %s: runtime %s dump time %s", _prop, runtime_value, _archived_value);
-      disable = true;
+    if (old_value == nullptr) {
+      AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("Mismatched values for property %s: %s specified %s but not %s",
+                                         _prop, new_value, new_label1, old_label1);
+      mismatch = true;
+    } else if (strcmp(new_value, old_value) != 0) {
+      AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("Mismatched values for property %s: %s %s%s %s",
+                                         _prop, new_label2, new_value, old_label2, old_value);
+      mismatch = true;
     }
   }
 
-  if (disable) {
+  if (mismatch) {
     AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("Disabling full module graph");
     CDSConfig::disable_full_module_graph();
+
+    if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive()) {
+      AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_writing_error("mismatched module options");
+    }
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/InvalidModuleOptions.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/InvalidModuleOptions.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9e7e77a40c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/InvalidModuleOptions.java
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Disallow different module options between AOT training and assembly
+ * @bug 8388525
+ * @requires vm.cds
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes
+ * @build Hello
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar hello.jar Hello
+ * @run driver InvalidModuleOptions
+ */
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSModulePackager;
+import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSTestUtils;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+import jdk.test.lib.StringArrayUtils;
+
+public class InvalidModuleOptions {
+    static final Path modulesSrc = Paths.get(System.getProperty("test.src")).resolve("modules");
+    static final Path modulesSrc2 = Paths.get(System.getProperty("test.src")).resolve("modules2");
+    static final Path modulesSrc3 = Paths.get(System.getProperty("test.src")).resolve("modules3");
+    static String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("hello.jar");
+    static String aotConfigFile = "hello.aotconfig";
+    static String aotCacheFile = "hello.aot";
+    static String helloClass = "Hello";
+    static String modulePath1;
+    static String modulePath2;
+    static String modulePath3;
+
+    static String[][] testCases = {
+        // --module-path
+        {
+            "<mp1>", null,
+            "module path has fewer elements (0) than expected (1)",
+        },
+        {
+            "<mp1>", "<mp2>",
+            "module path at [2] is different",
+        },
+        {
+            "<mp12>", "<mp13>",
+            "module path at [3] is different",
+        },
+        {
+            null, "<mp1>",
+            "module path has more elements (1) than expected (0)",
+        },
+
+        // --add-modules
+        {
+            null, "--add-modules=java.instrument",
+            "Mismatched values for property jdk.module.addmods: java.instrument specified for current JVM but not in AOTConfiguration"
+        },
+        {
+            "--add-modules=java.instrument", null,
+            "Mismatched values for property jdk.module.addmods: java.instrument specified in AOTConfiguration but not for current JVM"},
+        {
+            "--add-modules=java.instrument", "--add-modules=java.base",
+            "Mismatched values for property jdk.module.addmods: current = java.base, AOTConfiguration = java.instrument"
+        },
+
+        // --enable-native-access
+        // Just test one variation, as HotSpot handles this the same way as --add-modules.
+        {
+            null, "--enable-native-access=ALL_UNNAMED",
+            "Mismatched values for property jdk.module.enable.native.access: ALL_UNNAMED specified for current JVM but not in AOTConfiguration"
+        },
+
+        // -Djdk.module.showModuleResolution=true also disabled full module graph:
+        {
+            null, "-Djdk.module.showModuleResolution=true",
+            "full module graph: disabled due to incompatible property: jdk.module.showModuleResolution=true",
+            "AOT class linking was enabled in training run but has been disabled due to incompatible module options",
+        },
+    };
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        CDSModulePackager modulePackager1 = new CDSModulePackager(modulesSrc, Paths.get("test-modules1"));
+        modulePackager1.createModularJar("com.test");
+        modulePath1 = modulePackager1.getOutputDir().toString();
+
+        CDSModulePackager modulePackager2 = new CDSModulePackager(modulesSrc2, Paths.get("test-modules2"));
+        modulePackager2.createModularJar("com.moretest");
+        modulePath2 = modulePackager2.getOutputDir().toString();
+
+        CDSModulePackager modulePackager3 = new CDSModulePackager(modulesSrc3, Paths.get("test-modules3"));
+        modulePackager3.createModularJar("com.evenmoretest");
+        modulePath3 = modulePackager3.getOutputDir().toString();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < testCases.length; i++) {
+            String[] testSpec = testCases[i];
+            String trainOpt    = testSpec[0];
+            String assemblyOpt = testSpec[1];
+
+            String[] trainCmds = new String[] {
+                "-XX:AOTMode=record",
+                "-XX:AOTConfiguration=" + aotConfigFile,
+                "-Xlog:aot=debug",
+                "-cp", appJar
+            };
+            if (trainOpt != null) {
+                trainCmds = concat(trainCmds, trainOpt);
+            }
+            trainCmds = StringArrayUtils.concat(trainCmds, helloClass);
+
+            String[] assemblyCmds = new String[] {
+                "-XX:AOTMode=create",
+                "-XX:AOTConfiguration=" + aotConfigFile,
+                "-XX:AOTCache=" + aotCacheFile,
+                "-Xlog:cds,aot,class+path",
+                "-cp", appJar
+            };
+            if (assemblyOpt != null) {
+                assemblyCmds = concat(assemblyCmds, assemblyOpt);
+            }
+
+            ProcessBuilder pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder(trainCmds);
+            OutputAnalyzer out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "train" + i);
+            out.shouldContain("Hello World");
+            out.shouldContain("AOTConfiguration recorded: " + aotConfigFile);
+            out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+
+            pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder(assemblyCmds);
+            out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "asm" + i);
+            out.shouldContain("An error has occurred while writing the AOT cache");
+            for (int j = 2; j < testSpec.length; j++) {
+                out.shouldContain(testSpec[j]);
+            }
+            out.shouldNotContain("AOTCache creation is complete");
+            out.shouldNotHaveExitValue(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static String[] concat(String[] opts, String extra) {
+        if (extra.equals("<mp1>")) {
+            return StringArrayUtils.concat(opts, "--module-path", modulePath1);
+        } else if (extra.equals("<mp2>")) {
+            return StringArrayUtils.concat(opts, "--module-path", modulePath2);
+        } else if (extra.equals("<mp12>")) {
+            return StringArrayUtils.concat(opts, "--module-path", modulePath1 + File.pathSeparator + modulePath2);
+        } else if (extra.equals("<mp13>")) {
+            return StringArrayUtils.concat(opts, "--module-path", modulePath1 + File.pathSeparator + modulePath3);
+        } else {
+            return StringArrayUtils.concat(opts, extra);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/OldClassSupport2.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/OldClassSupport2.java
index b0db450e352..55eab06c33f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/OldClassSupport2.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/OldClassSupport2.java
@@ -48,11 +48,6 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         // Explicitly disable
         Tester tester1 = new Tester("-XX:-AOTClassLinking");
         tester1.run(new String[] {"AOT", "--two-step-training"} );
-
-        // Full module graph caching is disabled with -Djdk.module.showModuleResolution=true.
-        // This will disable AOT class linking.
-        Tester tester2 = new Tester("-Djdk.module.showModuleResolution=true");
-        tester2.run(new String[] {"AOT", "--two-step-training"} );
     }
 
     static class Tester extends CDSAppTester {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/modules2/com.moretest/com/moretest/Bar.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/modules2/com.moretest/com/moretest/Bar.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6d95229f96f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/modules2/com.moretest/com/moretest/Bar.java
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+package com.moretest;
+
+public class Bar {}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/modules2/com.moretest/module-info.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/modules2/com.moretest/module-info.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7fd2c23a27a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/modules2/com.moretest/module-info.java
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+module com.moretest {
+  exports com.moretest;
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/modules3/com.evenmoretest/com/evenmoretest/Baz.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/modules3/com.evenmoretest/com/evenmoretest/Baz.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9f077be2ce4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/modules3/com.evenmoretest/com/evenmoretest/Baz.java
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+package com.evenmoretest;
+
+public class Baz {}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/modules3/com.evenmoretest/module-info.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/modules3/com.evenmoretest/module-info.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4aaf8811fe4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/modules3/com.evenmoretest/module-info.java
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+module com.evenmoretest {
+  exports com.evenmoretest;
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/AddReads.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/AddReads.java
index 95fc9f0f700..347e61fed4c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/AddReads.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/AddReads.java
@@ -162,7 +162,11 @@ public String modulepath(RunMode runMode) {
         public void checkExecution(OutputAnalyzer out, RunMode runMode) throws Exception {
             if (runMode == RunMode.PRODUCTION) {
                 out.shouldContain("full module graph: disabled");
-                out.shouldContain("Mismatched values for property jdk.module.addreads: runtime com.norequires=ALL-UNNAMED dump time com.norequires=org.astro");
+                if (isStaticWorkflow()) {
+                    out.shouldContain("Mismatched values for property jdk.module.addreads: runtime com.norequires=ALL-UNNAMED dump time com.norequires=org.astro");
+                } else {
+                    out.shouldContain("Mismatched values for property jdk.module.addreads: current = com.norequires=ALL-UNNAMED, AOTCache = com.norequires=org.astro");
+                }
             } else if (runMode == RunMode.ASSEMBLY) {
                 out.shouldMatch("(full module graph: enabled)|(Full module graph = enabled)");
              } else {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/ModulePathAndFMG.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/ModulePathAndFMG.java
index 41fa1a6493c..120a7315c7a 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/ModulePathAndFMG.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/ModulePathAndFMG.java
@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ public class ModulePathAndFMG {
     private static String TEST_FROM_JAR = "class,load.*com.foos.Test.*[.]jar";
     private static String TEST_FROM_CDS = "class,load.*com.foos.Test.*shared objects file";
     private static String MAP_FAILED  = "Unable to use shared archive";
+    private static String NON_JAR_FILES = "module path contains sub-directories or non-JAR files";
     private static String PATH_SEPARATOR = File.pathSeparator;
     private static String appClasses[] = {MAIN_CLASS, TEST_CLASS};
     private static String prefix[] = {"-Djava.class.path=", "-Xlog:cds,class+load,class+path=info"};
@@ -116,9 +117,6 @@ public static void buildTestModule() throws Exception {
         dupDir = Files.createTempDirectory(USER_DIR, DUP_LIBS);
         dupJar = dupDir.resolve(DUP_MODULE + ".jar");
         Files.copy(testJar, dupJar, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
-
-        badJar = libsDir.resolve(MAIN_MODULE + ".JAR");
-        Files.copy(mainJar, badJar, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
     }
 
     public static void buildJmod() throws Exception {
@@ -136,6 +134,9 @@ public static void buildJmod() throws Exception {
     public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
         runWithModulePath();
         runWithExplodedModule();
+
+        badJar = libsDir.resolve(MAIN_MODULE + ".JAR");
+        Files.copy(mainJar, badJar, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
         runWithJmodAndBadJar();
     }
 
@@ -329,18 +330,22 @@ public static void runWithJmodAndBadJar() throws Exception {
             .assertAbnormalExit(out -> {
                 out.shouldContain(FMG_DISABLED)
                    .shouldNotContain(FMG_ENABLED)
+                   .shouldContain(NON_JAR_FILES)
                    .shouldContain(FIND_EXCEPTION_MESSAGE);
             });
 
         runModulePath += PATH_SEPARATOR + testJar.toString();
+
+        // non-jar files in runtime --module is incompatible with FMG
         tty("12. run with CDS on, with module path com.bars.jar:com.foos.jmod:com.foos.jar");
         TestCommon.runWithModules(prefix,
                                  null,               // --upgrade-module-path
                                  runModulePath, // --module-path
                                  MAIN_MODULE)        // -m
             .assertNormalExit(out -> {
-                out.shouldNotContain(FMG_DISABLED)
-                   .shouldContain(FMG_ENABLED)
+                out.shouldContain(FMG_DISABLED)
+                   .shouldNotContain(FMG_ENABLED)
+                   .shouldContain(NON_JAR_FILES)
                    .shouldMatch(TEST_FROM_CDS)
                    .shouldMatch(MAIN_FROM_CDS)
                    .shouldContain(CLASS_FOUND_MESSAGE);
@@ -355,6 +360,7 @@ public static void runWithJmodAndBadJar() throws Exception {
             .assertAbnormalExit(out -> {
                 out.shouldContain(FMG_DISABLED)
                    .shouldNotContain(FMG_ENABLED)
+                   .shouldContain(NON_JAR_FILES)
                    .shouldMatch(MODULE_NOT_RECOGNIZED);
             });
     }

From 2749a4c0b430a83ff23ede63167c7a7e39a51c6f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Chuanqi Zang <zangchuanqi@bytedance.com>
Date: Sat, 15 Aug 2026 07:50:53 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 571/707] 8389677: RISC-V: Prefer vmv.v.i to zero vector
 registers

Co-authored-by: Pengcheng Wang <wangpengcheng.pp@bytedance.com>
Reviewed-by: dzhang, fyang
---
 .../cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp     | 10 +++----
 .../cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp        |  6 ++---
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad              | 27 ++++++++-----------
 3 files changed, 19 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
index e70840e9e52..b4277f729ae 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -1837,7 +1837,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::arrays_hashcode_v(Register ary, Register cnt, Register r
 
   vsetvli(consumed, cnt, Assembler::e32, Assembler::m2);
   vle32_v(v_coeffs, t1); // 31^^(stride - 1) ... 31^^0
-  vmv_v_x(v_sum, x0);
+  vmv_v_i(v_sum, 0);
 
   bind(VEC_LOOP);
   arrays_hashcode_elload_v(v_src, v_tmp, ary, eltype);
@@ -2602,7 +2602,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::java_round_float_v(VectorRegister dst, VectorRegister sr
   // replacing vfclass with feq as performance optimization
   vmfeq_vv(v0, src, src);
   // set dst = 0 in cases of NaN
-  vmv_v_x(dst, zr);
+  vmv_v_i(dst, 0);
 
   // dst = (src + 0.5) rounded down towards negative infinity
   vfadd_vf(dst, src, ftmp, Assembler::v0_t);
@@ -2626,7 +2626,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::java_round_double_v(VectorRegister dst, VectorRegister s
   // replacing vfclass with feq as performance optimization
   vmfeq_vv(v0, src, src);
   // set dst = 0 in cases of NaN
-  vmv_v_x(dst, zr);
+  vmv_v_i(dst, 0);
 
   // dst = (src + 0.5) rounded down towards negative infinity
   vfadd_vf(dst, src, ftmp, Assembler::v0_t);
@@ -2684,7 +2684,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::clear_array_v(Register base, Register cnt) {
 
   // making zero words
   vsetvli(t0, cnt, Assembler::e64, Assembler::m4);
-  vxor_vv(v4, v4, v4);
+  vmv_v_i(v4, 0);
 
   bind(loop);
   vsetvli(t0, cnt, Assembler::e64, Assembler::m4);
@@ -3281,7 +3281,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::integer_narrow_v(VectorRegister dst, BasicType dst_bt, u
 #define VFCVT_SAFE(VFLOATCVT)                                                      \
 void C2_MacroAssembler::VFLOATCVT##_safe(VectorRegister dst, VectorRegister src) { \
   assert_different_registers(dst, src);                                            \
-  vxor_vv(dst, dst, dst);                                                          \
+  vmv_v_i(dst, 0);                                                                 \
   vmfeq_vv(v0, src, src);                                                          \
   VFLOATCVT(dst, src, Assembler::v0_t);                                            \
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
index b6ac430a603..166915ba018 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -2182,7 +2182,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::vector_update_crc32(Register crc, Register buf, Register le
       vsetivli(zr, N, Assembler::e32, Assembler::m1, Assembler::mu, Assembler::tu);
     }
 
-    vmv_v_x(vcrc, zr);
+    vmv_v_i(vcrc, 0);
     vmv_s_x(vcrc, crc);
 
     // multiple of 64
@@ -2327,7 +2327,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::kernel_crc32_vclmul_fold_vectorsize_16(Register crc, Regist
   vle64_v(v6, buf); addi(buf, buf, STEP);
   vle64_v(v7, buf); addi(buf, buf, STEP);
 
-  vmv_v_x(v31, zr);
+  vmv_v_i(v31, 0);
   vsetivli(zr, 1, Assembler::e32, Assembler::m1, Assembler::mu, Assembler::tu);
   vmv_s_x(v31, crc);
   vsetivli(zr, N, Assembler::e64, Assembler::m1, Assembler::mu, Assembler::tu);
@@ -2450,7 +2450,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::kernel_crc32_vclmul_fold_vectorsize_32(Register crc, Regist
   //    now, v1 should contains: 010101...
 
   // initial crc
-  vmv_v_x(v24, zr);
+  vmv_v_i(v24, 0);
   vsetivli(zr, 1, Assembler::e32, Assembler::m4, Assembler::mu, Assembler::tu);
   vmv_s_x(v24, crc);
   vsetivli(zr, N, Assembler::e64, Assembler::m4, Assembler::mu, Assembler::tu);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad
index 07ce0f7885a..bf291adce59 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ source %{
       __ vsex_v(reg, base, sew, vm);
     } else {
       if (vm == Assembler::v0_t) {
-        __ vxor_vv(reg, reg, reg);
+        __ vmv_v_i(reg, 0);
       }
       __ vlex_v(reg, base, sew, vm);
     }
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ instruct vstoremask(vReg dst, vRegMask_V0 v0, immI size) %{
   format %{ "vstoremask $dst, V0 # elem size is $size byte[s]" %}
   ins_encode %{
     __ vsetvli_helper(T_BOOLEAN, Matcher::vector_length(this));
-    __ vxor_vv(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg));
+    __ vmv_v_i(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), 0);
     __ vmerge_vim(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), 1);
   %}
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
@@ -4809,7 +4809,7 @@ instruct vcvtFtoL(vReg dst, vReg src, vRegMask_V0 v0) %{
   format %{ "vcvtFtoL $dst, $src" %}
   ins_encode %{
     __ vsetvli_helper(T_LONG, Matcher::vector_length(this));
-    __ vxor_vv(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg));
+    __ vmv_v_i(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), 0);
     __ vsetvli_helper(T_FLOAT, Matcher::vector_length(this), Assembler::mf2);
     __ vmfeq_vv(as_VectorRegister($v0$$reg), as_VectorRegister($src$$reg), as_VectorRegister($src$$reg));
     __ vfwcvt_rtz_x_f_v(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), as_VectorRegister($src$$reg), Assembler::v0_t);
@@ -4842,7 +4842,7 @@ instruct vcvtDtoX_narrow(vReg dst, vReg src, vRegMask_V0 v0) %{
     __ vsetvli_helper(T_DOUBLE, Matcher::vector_length(this));
     __ vmfeq_vv(as_VectorRegister($v0$$reg), as_VectorRegister($src$$reg), as_VectorRegister($src$$reg));
     __ vsetvli_helper(T_INT, Matcher::vector_length(this), Assembler::mf2);
-    __ vxor_vv(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg));
+    __ vmv_v_i(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), 0);
     __ vfncvt_rtz_x_f_w(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), as_VectorRegister($src$$reg), Assembler::v0_t);
     BasicType bt = Matcher::vector_element_basic_type(this);
     if (bt == T_BYTE || bt == T_SHORT) {
@@ -4903,7 +4903,7 @@ instruct reinterpretResize(vReg dst, vReg src) %{
            "invalid vector length");
     BasicType bt = Matcher::vector_element_basic_type(this);
     __ vsetvli_helper(bt, Matcher::vector_length(this));
-    __ vxor_vv(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg));
+    __ vmv_v_i(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), 0);
     __ vsetvli_helper(T_BYTE, length_in_bytes_resize);
     __ vmv_v_v(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), as_VectorRegister($src$$reg));
   %}
@@ -4931,7 +4931,7 @@ instruct vmask_reinterpret_diff_esize(vRegMask dst, vRegMask_V0 src, vReg tmp) %
   ins_encode %{
     BasicType from_bt = Matcher::vector_element_basic_type(this, $src);
     __ vsetvli_helper(from_bt, Matcher::vector_length(this, $src));
-    __ vxor_vv(as_VectorRegister($tmp$$reg), as_VectorRegister($tmp$$reg), as_VectorRegister($tmp$$reg));
+    __ vmv_v_i(as_VectorRegister($tmp$$reg), 0);
     __ vmerge_vim(as_VectorRegister($tmp$$reg), as_VectorRegister($tmp$$reg), -1);
     BasicType to_bt = Matcher::vector_element_basic_type(this);
     __ vsetvli_helper(to_bt, Matcher::vector_length(this));
@@ -4990,8 +4990,7 @@ instruct rearrange_masked(vReg dst, vReg src, vReg shuffle, vRegMask_V0 v0) %{
   ins_encode %{
     BasicType bt = Matcher::vector_element_basic_type(this);
     __ vsetvli_helper(bt, Matcher::vector_length(this));
-    __ vxor_vv(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg),
-               as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg));
+    __ vmv_v_i(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), 0);
     __ vrgather_vv(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), as_VectorRegister($src$$reg),
                    as_VectorRegister($shuffle$$reg), Assembler::v0_t);
   %}
@@ -5105,8 +5104,7 @@ instruct vcompress(vReg dst, vReg src, vRegMask_V0 v0) %{
   ins_encode %{
     BasicType bt = Matcher::vector_element_basic_type(this);
     __ vsetvli_helper(bt, Matcher::vector_length(this));
-    __ vxor_vv(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg),
-               as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg));
+    __ vmv_v_i(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), 0);
     __ vcompress_vm(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), as_VectorRegister($src$$reg),
                     as_VectorRegister($v0$$reg));
   %}
@@ -5121,8 +5119,7 @@ instruct vexpand(vReg dst, vReg src, vRegMask_V0 v0, vReg tmp) %{
     BasicType bt = Matcher::vector_element_basic_type(this);
     __ vsetvli_helper(bt, Matcher::vector_length(this));
     __ viota_m(as_VectorRegister($tmp$$reg), as_VectorRegister($v0$$reg));
-    __ vxor_vv(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg),
-               as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg));
+    __ vmv_v_i(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), 0);
     __ vrgather_vv(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), as_VectorRegister($src$$reg),
                    as_VectorRegister($tmp$$reg), Assembler::v0_t);
   %}
@@ -5383,8 +5380,7 @@ instruct gather_loadS_masked(vReg dst, indirect mem, vReg idx, vRegMask_V0 v0, v
     Assembler::SEW sew = Assembler::elemtype_to_sew(bt);
     __ vsetvli_helper(bt, Matcher::vector_length(this));
     __ vsll_vi(as_VectorRegister($tmp$$reg), as_VectorRegister($idx$$reg), (int)sew);
-    __ vxor_vv(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg),
-               as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg));
+    __ vmv_v_i(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), 0);
     __ vluxei32_v(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), as_Register($mem$$base),
                   as_VectorRegister($tmp$$reg), Assembler::v0_t);
  %}
@@ -5402,8 +5398,7 @@ instruct gather_loadD_masked(vReg dst, indirect mem, vReg idx, vRegMask_V0 v0, v
     __ vsetvli_helper(bt, Matcher::vector_length(this));
     __ vzext_vf2(as_VectorRegister($tmp$$reg), as_VectorRegister($idx$$reg));
     __ vsll_vi(as_VectorRegister($tmp$$reg), as_VectorRegister($tmp$$reg), (int)sew);
-    __ vxor_vv(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg),
-               as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg));
+    __ vmv_v_i(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), 0);
     __ vluxei64_v(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg), as_Register($mem$$base),
                   as_VectorRegister($tmp$$reg), Assembler::v0_t);
  %}

From 3d47518697e794bf4afb577f16afb278fbf3d30a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Prasanta Sadhukhan <psadhukhan@openjdk.org>
Date: Sat, 15 Aug 2026 08:16:46 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 572/707] 8387267: Editor for the last column in JTable is hard
 to activate after AUTO_RESIZE_LAST_COLUMN was configured 8388467: Test
 "api/javax_swing/interactive/JTableTests.html" JTable freezes during rapid
 column resize

Reviewed-by: angorya, kizune, jdv
---
 .../share/classes/javax/swing/JTable.java     | 70 ++++++++++----
 .../JTable/TestAutoResizeLastColumn.java      | 92 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 142 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/javax/swing/JTable/TestAutoResizeLastColumn.java

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/JTable.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/JTable.java
index fa8110d1517..a13059f93b4 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/JTable.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/JTable.java
@@ -453,6 +453,14 @@ public enum PrintMode {
      * needed.
      */
     private boolean columnSelectionAdjusting;
+
+    /*
+     * True after column widths have been initialized/synchronized by layout.
+     * Used to distinguish the first preferred-width layout from later normal
+     * AUTO_RESIZE_LAST_COLUMN layouts.
+     */
+    private boolean columnWidthsInitialized;
+
     /**
      * The last value of getValueIsAdjusting from the row selection models
      * valueChanged notification. Used to test if a repaint is needed.
@@ -1264,12 +1272,6 @@ public void setAutoResizeMode(int mode) {
             autoResizeMode = mode;
             resizeAndRepaint();
             if (tableHeader != null) {
-                if (mode == JTable.AUTO_RESIZE_LAST_COLUMN) {
-                    int colCnt = columnModel.getColumnCount();
-                    if (colCnt > 0) {
-                        tableHeader.setResizingColumn(columnModel.getColumn(colCnt - 1));
-                    }
-                }
                 tableHeader.resizeAndRepaint();
             }
             firePropertyChange("autoResizeMode", old, autoResizeMode);
@@ -3193,21 +3195,8 @@ private int viewIndexForColumn(TableColumn aColumn) {
      */
 
     public void doLayout() {
-        boolean prefWidthSet = false;
         TableColumn resizingColumn = getResizingColumn();
-        // doLayout is called for both pack and show
-        // so if initial preferred width is set by user then
-        // it needs to be honoured even if resizingColumn
-        // is set to last column on account of
-        // AUTO_RESIZE_LAST_COLUMN autoResizeMode
-        for (int i = 0; i < columnModel.getColumnCount(); i++) {
-            if (columnModel.getColumn(i).getPreferredWidth() != 75
-                    && columnModel.getColumn(i).getWidth() == 75) {
-                prefWidthSet = true;
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-        if (resizingColumn == null || prefWidthSet) {
+        if (resizingColumn == null) {
             setWidthsFromPreferredWidths(false);
         }
         else {
@@ -3294,7 +3283,42 @@ public void sizeColumnsToFit(int resizingColumn) {
         }
     }
 
+    private void accommodateLastColumnOnly() {
+        int columnCount = getColumnCount();
+        if (columnCount == 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        int delta = getWidth() - getColumnModel().getTotalColumnWidth();
+        if (delta != 0) {
+            accommodateDelta(columnCount - 1, delta);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void setWidthsFromPreferredWidthsLastColumnOnly() {
+        int columnCount = getColumnCount();
+        if (columnCount == 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < columnCount - 1; i++) {
+            TableColumn column = columnModel.getColumn(i);
+            column.setWidth(column.getPreferredWidth());
+        }
+
+        accommodateLastColumnOnly();
+    }
+
     private void setWidthsFromPreferredWidths(final boolean inverse) {
+        if (!inverse && autoResizeMode == AUTO_RESIZE_LAST_COLUMN) {
+            if (!columnWidthsInitialized) {
+                setWidthsFromPreferredWidthsLastColumnOnly();
+            } else {
+                accommodateLastColumnOnly();
+            }
+            columnWidthsInitialized = true;
+            return;
+        }
         int totalWidth     = getWidth();
         int totalPreferred = getPreferredSize().width;
         int target = !inverse ? totalWidth : totalPreferred;
@@ -3323,6 +3347,7 @@ public void setSizeAt(int s, int i) {
         };
 
         adjustSizes(target, r, inverse);
+        columnWidthsInitialized = true;
     }
 
 
@@ -3821,6 +3846,7 @@ public void setColumnModel(final TableColumnModel columnModel) {
         if (columnModel == null) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot set a null ColumnModel");
         }
+        columnWidthsInitialized = false;
         TableColumnModel old = this.columnModel;
         if (columnModel != old) {
             if (old != null) {
@@ -4634,6 +4660,10 @@ private void tableRowsDeleted(TableModelEvent e) {
      * @see TableColumnModelListener
      */
     public void columnAdded(TableColumnModelEvent e) {
+        if (columnWidthsInitialized) {
+            TableColumn column = columnModel.getColumn(e.getToIndex());
+            column.setWidth(column.getPreferredWidth());
+        }
         // If I'm currently editing, then I should stop editing
         if (isEditing()) {
             removeEditor();
diff --git a/test/jdk/javax/swing/JTable/TestAutoResizeLastColumn.java b/test/jdk/javax/swing/JTable/TestAutoResizeLastColumn.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2cb1b9ae32e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/javax/swing/JTable/TestAutoResizeLastColumn.java
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8234071 8387267
+ * @summary AUTO_RESIZE_LAST_COLUMN should resize only the last column during table layout
+ * @run main TestAutoResizeLastColumn
+ */
+
+import javax.swing.JTable;
+import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
+import javax.swing.table.TableColumnModel;
+
+public class TestAutoResizeLastColumn {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(TestAutoResizeLastColumn::testLastColumnOnly);
+    }
+
+    private static void testLastColumnOnly() {
+        JTable table = new JTable(3, 3);
+        table.setAutoResizeMode(JTable.AUTO_RESIZE_LAST_COLUMN);
+
+        if (table.getTableHeader().getResizingColumn() != null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(
+                    "AUTO_RESIZE_LAST_COLUMN must not set resizingColumn");
+        }
+
+        TableColumnModel cm = table.getColumnModel();
+        for (int i = 0; i < cm.getColumnCount(); i++) {
+            cm.getColumn(i).setMinWidth(10);
+            cm.getColumn(i).setPreferredWidth(100);
+            cm.getColumn(i).setWidth(100);
+        }
+
+        table.setSize(300, 100);
+        table.doLayout();
+
+        assertWidth(cm, 0, 100);
+        assertWidth(cm, 1, 100);
+        assertWidth(cm, 2, 100);
+
+        table.setSize(360, 100);
+        table.doLayout();
+
+        /*
+         * AUTO_RESIZE_LAST_COLUMN means the +60 delta is absorbed by
+         * the last column only.
+         * Without fix all columns width will change to 120.
+         */
+        assertWidth(cm, 0, 100);
+        assertWidth(cm, 1, 100);
+        assertWidth(cm, 2, 160);
+
+        table.setSize(330, 100);
+        table.doLayout();
+
+        assertWidth(cm, 0, 100);
+        assertWidth(cm, 1, 100);
+        assertWidth(cm, 2, 130);
+    }
+
+    private static void assertWidth(TableColumnModel cm, int column, int expected) {
+        int actual = cm.getColumn(column).getWidth();
+        if (actual != expected) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(
+                    "Unexpected width for column " + column
+                            + ": expected " + expected
+                            + ", actual " + actual);
+        }
+    }
+}

From 88521b3587dab95b37578cd943dab2074a0f608e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Sergey Bylokhov <serb@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 2026 00:54:50 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 573/707] 8390249: Add missing @Override annotations in
 "javax.imageio.stream" package

Reviewed-by: psadhukhan, azvegint
---
 .../stream/FileCacheImageInputStream.java     |  9 +++-
 .../stream/FileCacheImageOutputStream.java    | 13 ++++-
 .../imageio/stream/FileImageInputStream.java  |  7 ++-
 .../imageio/stream/FileImageOutputStream.java |  9 +++-
 .../imageio/stream/ImageInputStream.java      | 18 ++++++-
 .../imageio/stream/ImageInputStreamImpl.java  | 47 ++++++++++++++++++-
 .../imageio/stream/ImageOutputStream.java     | 17 ++++++-
 .../imageio/stream/ImageOutputStreamImpl.java | 24 +++++++++-
 .../stream/MemoryCacheImageInputStream.java   |  9 +++-
 .../stream/MemoryCacheImageOutputStream.java  | 12 ++++-
 10 files changed, 155 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/FileCacheImageInputStream.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/FileCacheImageInputStream.java
index de5f705facc..adbbb2c0a77 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/FileCacheImageInputStream.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/FileCacheImageInputStream.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -150,6 +150,7 @@ private long readUntil(long pos) throws IOException {
         return pos;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public int read() throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
         bitOffset = 0;
@@ -163,6 +164,7 @@ public int read() throws IOException {
         }
     }
 
+    @Override
     public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
 
@@ -205,6 +207,7 @@ public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
      * @see #isCachedMemory
      * @see #isCachedFile
      */
+    @Override
     public boolean isCached() {
         return true;
     }
@@ -218,6 +221,7 @@ public boolean isCached() {
      * @see #isCached
      * @see #isCachedMemory
      */
+    @Override
     public boolean isCachedFile() {
         return true;
     }
@@ -232,6 +236,7 @@ public boolean isCachedFile() {
      * @see #isCached
      * @see #isCachedFile
      */
+    @Override
     public boolean isCachedMemory() {
         return false;
     }
@@ -243,6 +248,7 @@ public boolean isCachedMemory() {
      *
      * @throws IOException if an error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     public void close() throws IOException {
         super.close();
         disposerRecord.dispose(); // this will close/delete the cache file
@@ -261,6 +267,7 @@ public StreamDisposerRecord(File cacheFile, RandomAccessFile cache) {
             this.cache = cache;
         }
 
+        @Override
         public synchronized void dispose() {
             if (cache != null) {
                 try {
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/FileCacheImageOutputStream.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/FileCacheImageOutputStream.java
index 8c80d3488e1..a0d330c8549 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/FileCacheImageOutputStream.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/FileCacheImageOutputStream.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -108,6 +108,7 @@ public FileCacheImageOutputStream(OutputStream stream, File cacheDir)
         StreamCloser.addToQueue(closeAction);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public int read() throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
         bitOffset = 0;
@@ -118,6 +119,7 @@ public int read() throws IOException {
         return val;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
 
@@ -142,6 +144,7 @@ public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         return nbytes;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void write(int b) throws IOException {
         flushBits(); // this will call checkClosed() for us
         cache.write(b);
@@ -149,6 +152,7 @@ public void write(int b) throws IOException {
         maxStreamPos = Math.max(maxStreamPos, streamPos);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void write(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         flushBits(); // this will call checkClosed() for us
         cache.write(b, off, len);
@@ -156,6 +160,7 @@ public void write(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         maxStreamPos = Math.max(maxStreamPos, streamPos);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public long length() {
         try {
             checkClosed();
@@ -176,6 +181,7 @@ public long length() {
      * than the flushed position.
      * @throws IOException if any other I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     public void seek(long pos) throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
 
@@ -199,6 +205,7 @@ public void seek(long pos) throws IOException {
      * @see #isCachedMemory
      * @see #isCachedFile
      */
+    @Override
     public boolean isCached() {
         return true;
     }
@@ -212,6 +219,7 @@ public boolean isCached() {
      * @see #isCached
      * @see #isCachedMemory
      */
+    @Override
     public boolean isCachedFile() {
         return true;
     }
@@ -226,6 +234,7 @@ public boolean isCachedFile() {
      * @see #isCached
      * @see #isCachedFile
      */
+    @Override
     public boolean isCachedMemory() {
         return false;
     }
@@ -238,6 +247,7 @@ public boolean isCachedMemory() {
      *
      * @throws IOException if an error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     public void close() throws IOException {
         maxStreamPos = cache.length();
 
@@ -257,6 +267,7 @@ public void close() throws IOException {
      * @param pos {@inheritDoc ImageOutputStream}
      * @throws IOException {@inheritDoc ImageOutputStream}
      */
+    @Override
     public void flushBefore(long pos) throws IOException {
         long oFlushedPos = flushedPos;
         super.flushBefore(pos); // this will call checkClosed() for us
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/FileImageInputStream.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/FileImageInputStream.java
index e5baee6e7c0..346ad7d09b7 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/FileImageInputStream.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/FileImageInputStream.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ public FileImageInputStream(RandomAccessFile raf) {
         Disposer.addRecord(disposerReferent, disposerRecord);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public int read() throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
         bitOffset = 0;
@@ -107,6 +108,7 @@ public int read() throws IOException {
         return val;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
         bitOffset = 0;
@@ -124,6 +126,7 @@ public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
      * @return the file length as a {@code long}, or
      * {@code -1}.
      */
+    @Override
     public long length() {
         try {
             checkClosed();
@@ -133,6 +136,7 @@ public long length() {
         }
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void seek(long pos) throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
         if (pos < flushedPos) {
@@ -143,6 +147,7 @@ public void seek(long pos) throws IOException {
         streamPos = raf.getFilePointer();
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void close() throws IOException {
         super.close();
         disposerRecord.dispose(); // this closes the RandomAccessFile
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/FileImageOutputStream.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/FileImageOutputStream.java
index 8a22afd5b12..990f3e68144 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/FileImageOutputStream.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/FileImageOutputStream.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -89,6 +89,7 @@ public FileImageOutputStream(RandomAccessFile raf) {
         Disposer.addRecord(disposerReferent, disposerRecord);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public int read() throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
         bitOffset = 0;
@@ -99,6 +100,7 @@ public int read() throws IOException {
         return val;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
         bitOffset = 0;
@@ -109,18 +111,21 @@ public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         return nbytes;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void write(int b) throws IOException {
         flushBits(); // this will call checkClosed() for us
         raf.write(b);
         ++streamPos;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void write(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         flushBits(); // this will call checkClosed() for us
         raf.write(b, off, len);
         streamPos += len;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public long length() {
         try {
             checkClosed();
@@ -141,6 +146,7 @@ public long length() {
      * than the flushed position.
      * @throws IOException if any other I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     public void seek(long pos) throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
         if (pos < flushedPos) {
@@ -151,6 +157,7 @@ public void seek(long pos) throws IOException {
         streamPos = raf.getFilePointer();
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void close() throws IOException {
         super.close();
         disposerRecord.dispose(); // this closes the RandomAccessFile
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/ImageInputStream.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/ImageInputStream.java
index 11251ac5938..e648c5c00b4 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/ImageInputStream.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/ImageInputStream.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -186,6 +186,7 @@ public interface ImageInputStream extends DataInput, Closeable {
      * @throws java.io.EOFException if the end of the stream is reached.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     boolean readBoolean() throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -204,6 +205,7 @@ public interface ImageInputStream extends DataInput, Closeable {
      * @throws java.io.EOFException if the end of the stream is reached.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     byte readByte() throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -228,6 +230,7 @@ public interface ImageInputStream extends DataInput, Closeable {
      * @throws java.io.EOFException if the end of the stream is reached.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     int readUnsignedByte() throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -246,6 +249,7 @@ public interface ImageInputStream extends DataInput, Closeable {
      *
      * @see #getByteOrder
      */
+    @Override
     short readShort() throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -267,6 +271,7 @@ public interface ImageInputStream extends DataInput, Closeable {
      *
      * @see #getByteOrder
      */
+    @Override
     int readUnsignedShort() throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -284,6 +289,7 @@ public interface ImageInputStream extends DataInput, Closeable {
      *
      * @see #readUnsignedShort
      */
+    @Override
     char readChar() throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -302,6 +308,7 @@ public interface ImageInputStream extends DataInput, Closeable {
      *
      * @see #getByteOrder
      */
+    @Override
     int readInt() throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -340,6 +347,7 @@ public interface ImageInputStream extends DataInput, Closeable {
      *
      * @see #getByteOrder
      */
+    @Override
     long readLong() throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -358,6 +366,7 @@ public interface ImageInputStream extends DataInput, Closeable {
      *
      * @see #getByteOrder
      */
+    @Override
     float readFloat() throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -376,6 +385,7 @@ public interface ImageInputStream extends DataInput, Closeable {
      *
      * @see #getByteOrder
      */
+    @Override
     double readDouble() throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -410,6 +420,7 @@ public interface ImageInputStream extends DataInput, Closeable {
      *
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     String readLine() throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -494,6 +505,7 @@ public interface ImageInputStream extends DataInput, Closeable {
      * a valid modified UTF-8 encoding of a string.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     String readUTF() throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -518,6 +530,7 @@ public interface ImageInputStream extends DataInput, Closeable {
      * reading all the bytes.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     void readFully(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -537,6 +550,7 @@ public interface ImageInputStream extends DataInput, Closeable {
      * reading all the bytes.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     void readFully(byte[] b) throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -822,6 +836,7 @@ public interface ImageInputStream extends DataInput, Closeable {
      *
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     int skipBytes(int n) throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -995,5 +1010,6 @@ public interface ImageInputStream extends DataInput, Closeable {
      *
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     void close() throws IOException;
 }
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/ImageInputStreamImpl.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/ImageInputStreamImpl.java
index 103fe4019e4..c672bcac4a5 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/ImageInputStreamImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/ImageInputStreamImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -114,10 +114,12 @@ protected final void checkClosed() throws IOException {
         }
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void setByteOrder(ByteOrder byteOrder) {
         this.byteOrder = byteOrder;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public ByteOrder getByteOrder() {
         return byteOrder;
     }
@@ -139,6 +141,7 @@ public ByteOrder getByteOrder() {
      *
      * @throws IOException if the stream has been closed.
      */
+    @Override
     public abstract int read() throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -154,6 +157,7 @@ public ByteOrder getByteOrder() {
      * {@code null}.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     public int read(byte[] b) throws IOException {
         return read(b, 0, b.length);
     }
@@ -185,8 +189,10 @@ public int read(byte[] b) throws IOException {
      * {@code null}.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     public abstract int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException;
 
+    @Override
     public void readBytes(IIOByteBuffer buf, int len) throws IOException {
         if (len < 0) {
             throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("len < 0!");
@@ -206,6 +212,7 @@ public void readBytes(IIOByteBuffer buf, int len) throws IOException {
     /**
      * @throws EOFException {@inheritDoc}
      */
+    @Override
     public boolean readBoolean() throws IOException {
         int ch = this.read();
         if (ch < 0) {
@@ -217,6 +224,7 @@ public boolean readBoolean() throws IOException {
     /**
      * @throws EOFException {@inheritDoc}
      */
+    @Override
     public byte readByte() throws IOException {
         int ch = this.read();
         if (ch < 0) {
@@ -228,6 +236,7 @@ public byte readByte() throws IOException {
     /**
      * @throws EOFException {@inheritDoc}
      */
+    @Override
     public int readUnsignedByte() throws IOException {
         int ch = this.read();
         if (ch < 0) {
@@ -239,6 +248,7 @@ public int readUnsignedByte() throws IOException {
     /**
      * @throws EOFException {@inheritDoc}
      */
+    @Override
     public short readShort() throws IOException {
         if (read(byteBuf, 0, 2) != 2) {
             throw new EOFException();
@@ -251,6 +261,7 @@ public short readShort() throws IOException {
     /**
      * @throws EOFException {@inheritDoc}
      */
+    @Override
     public int readUnsignedShort() throws IOException {
         return ((int)readShort()) & 0xffff;
     }
@@ -258,6 +269,7 @@ public int readUnsignedShort() throws IOException {
     /**
      * @throws EOFException {@inheritDoc}
      */
+    @Override
     public char readChar() throws IOException {
         return (char)readShort();
     }
@@ -265,6 +277,7 @@ public char readChar() throws IOException {
     /**
      * @throws EOFException {@inheritDoc}
      */
+    @Override
     public int readInt() throws IOException {
         if (read(byteBuf, 0, 4) !=  4) {
             throw new EOFException();
@@ -278,6 +291,7 @@ public int readInt() throws IOException {
     /**
      * @throws EOFException {@inheritDoc}
      */
+    @Override
     public long readUnsignedInt() throws IOException {
         return ((long)readInt()) & 0xffffffffL;
     }
@@ -285,6 +299,7 @@ public long readUnsignedInt() throws IOException {
     /**
      * @throws EOFException {@inheritDoc}
      */
+    @Override
     public long readLong() throws IOException {
         // REMIND: Once 6277756 is fixed, we should do a bulk read of all 8
         // bytes here as we do in readShort() and readInt() for even better
@@ -302,6 +317,7 @@ public long readLong() throws IOException {
     /**
      * @throws EOFException {@inheritDoc}
      */
+    @Override
     public float readFloat() throws IOException {
         return Float.intBitsToFloat(readInt());
     }
@@ -309,10 +325,12 @@ public float readFloat() throws IOException {
     /**
      * @throws EOFException {@inheritDoc}
      */
+    @Override
     public double readDouble() throws IOException {
         return Double.longBitsToDouble(readLong());
     }
 
+    @Override
     public String readLine() throws IOException {
         StringBuilder input = new StringBuilder();
         int c = -1;
@@ -347,6 +365,7 @@ public String readLine() throws IOException {
      * @throws EOFException {@inheritDoc}
      * @throws java.io.UTFDataFormatException {@inheritDoc}
      */
+    @Override
     public String readUTF() throws IOException {
         this.bitOffset = 0;
 
@@ -372,6 +391,7 @@ public String readUTF() throws IOException {
     /**
      * @throws EOFException {@inheritDoc}
      */
+    @Override
     public void readFully(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         // Fix 4430357 - if off + len < 0, overflow occurred
         if (off < 0 || len < 0 || off + len > b.length || off + len < 0) {
@@ -392,6 +412,7 @@ public void readFully(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
     /**
      * @throws EOFException {@inheritDoc}
      */
+    @Override
     public void readFully(byte[] b) throws IOException {
         readFully(b, 0, b.length);
     }
@@ -399,6 +420,7 @@ public void readFully(byte[] b) throws IOException {
     /**
      * @throws EOFException {@inheritDoc}
      */
+    @Override
     public void readFully(short[] s, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         // Fix 4430357 - if off + len < 0, overflow occurred
         if (off < 0 || len < 0 || off + len > s.length || off + len < 0) {
@@ -418,6 +440,7 @@ public void readFully(short[] s, int off, int len) throws IOException {
     /**
      * @throws EOFException {@inheritDoc}
      */
+    @Override
     public void readFully(char[] c, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         // Fix 4430357 - if off + len < 0, overflow occurred
         if (off < 0 || len < 0 || off + len > c.length || off + len < 0) {
@@ -437,6 +460,7 @@ public void readFully(char[] c, int off, int len) throws IOException {
     /**
      * @throws EOFException {@inheritDoc}
      */
+    @Override
     public void readFully(int[] i, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         // Fix 4430357 - if off + len < 0, overflow occurred
         if (off < 0 || len < 0 || off + len > i.length || off + len < 0) {
@@ -456,6 +480,7 @@ public void readFully(int[] i, int off, int len) throws IOException {
     /**
      * @throws EOFException {@inheritDoc}
      */
+    @Override
     public void readFully(long[] l, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         // Fix 4430357 - if off + len < 0, overflow occurred
         if (off < 0 || len < 0 || off + len > l.length || off + len < 0) {
@@ -475,6 +500,7 @@ public void readFully(long[] l, int off, int len) throws IOException {
     /**
      * @throws EOFException {@inheritDoc}
      */
+    @Override
     public void readFully(float[] f, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         // Fix 4430357 - if off + len < 0, overflow occurred
         if (off < 0 || len < 0 || off + len > f.length || off + len < 0) {
@@ -494,6 +520,7 @@ public void readFully(float[] f, int off, int len) throws IOException {
     /**
      * @throws EOFException {@inheritDoc}
      */
+    @Override
     public void readFully(double[] d, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         // Fix 4430357 - if off + len < 0, overflow occurred
         if (off < 0 || len < 0 || off + len > d.length || off + len < 0) {
@@ -600,16 +627,19 @@ private void toDoubles(byte[] b, double[] d, int off, int len) {
         }
     }
 
+    @Override
     public long getStreamPosition() throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
         return streamPos;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public int getBitOffset() throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
         return bitOffset;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void setBitOffset(int bitOffset) throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
         if (bitOffset < 0 || bitOffset > 7) {
@@ -621,6 +651,7 @@ public void setBitOffset(int bitOffset) throws IOException {
     /**
      * @throws EOFException {@inheritDoc}
      */
+    @Override
     public int readBit() throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
 
@@ -646,6 +677,7 @@ public int readBit() throws IOException {
     /**
      * @throws EOFException {@inheritDoc}
      */
+    @Override
     public long readBits(int numBits) throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
 
@@ -697,6 +729,7 @@ public long readBits(int numBits) throws IOException {
      *
      * @return -1L to indicate unknown length.
      */
+    @Override
     public long length() {
         return -1L;
     }
@@ -716,6 +749,7 @@ public long length() {
      * throws an {@code IOException} when computing either
      * the starting or ending position.
      */
+    @Override
     public int skipBytes(int n) throws IOException {
         long pos = getStreamPosition();
         seek(pos + n);
@@ -737,12 +771,14 @@ public int skipBytes(int n) throws IOException {
      * throws an {@code IOException} when computing either
      * the starting or ending position.
      */
+    @Override
     public long skipBytes(long n) throws IOException {
         long pos = getStreamPosition();
         seek(pos + n);
         return getStreamPosition() - pos;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void seek(long pos) throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
 
@@ -759,6 +795,7 @@ public void seek(long pos) throws IOException {
      * Pushes the current stream position onto a stack of marked
      * positions.
      */
+    @Override
     public void mark() {
         try {
             markByteStack.push(Long.valueOf(getStreamPosition()));
@@ -776,6 +813,7 @@ public void mark() {
      *
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     public void reset() throws IOException {
         if (markByteStack.empty()) {
             return;
@@ -792,6 +830,7 @@ public void reset() throws IOException {
         setBitOffset(offset);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void flushBefore(long pos) throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
         if (pos < flushedPos) {
@@ -804,10 +843,12 @@ public void flushBefore(long pos) throws IOException {
         flushedPos = pos;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void flush() throws IOException {
         flushBefore(getStreamPosition());
     }
 
+    @Override
     public long getFlushedPosition() {
         return flushedPos;
     }
@@ -816,6 +857,7 @@ public long getFlushedPosition() {
      * Default implementation returns false.  Subclasses should
      * override this if they cache data.
      */
+    @Override
     public boolean isCached() {
         return false;
     }
@@ -824,6 +866,7 @@ public boolean isCached() {
      * Default implementation returns false.  Subclasses should
      * override this if they cache data in main memory.
      */
+    @Override
     public boolean isCachedMemory() {
         return false;
     }
@@ -832,10 +875,12 @@ public boolean isCachedMemory() {
      * Default implementation returns false.  Subclasses should
      * override this if they cache data in a temporary file.
      */
+    @Override
     public boolean isCachedFile() {
         return false;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void close() throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
 
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/ImageOutputStream.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/ImageOutputStream.java
index d6ccf5ee524..39a1c0ff15e 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/ImageOutputStream.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/ImageOutputStream.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ public interface ImageOutputStream extends ImageInputStream, DataOutput {
      *
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     void write(int b) throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -87,6 +88,7 @@ public interface ImageOutputStream extends ImageInputStream, DataOutput {
      * {@code null}.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     void write(byte[] b) throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -114,6 +116,7 @@ public interface ImageOutputStream extends ImageInputStream, DataOutput {
      * {@code null}.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     void write(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -131,6 +134,7 @@ public interface ImageOutputStream extends ImageInputStream, DataOutput {
      *
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     void writeBoolean(boolean v) throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -149,6 +153,7 @@ public interface ImageOutputStream extends ImageInputStream, DataOutput {
      *
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     void writeByte(int v) throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -179,6 +184,7 @@ public interface ImageOutputStream extends ImageInputStream, DataOutput {
      *
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     void writeShort(int v) throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -191,6 +197,7 @@ public interface ImageOutputStream extends ImageInputStream, DataOutput {
      *
      * @see #writeShort(int)
      */
+    @Override
     void writeChar(int v) throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -224,6 +231,7 @@ public interface ImageOutputStream extends ImageInputStream, DataOutput {
      *
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     void writeInt(int v) throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -265,6 +273,7 @@ public interface ImageOutputStream extends ImageInputStream, DataOutput {
      *
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     void writeLong(long v) throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -285,6 +294,7 @@ public interface ImageOutputStream extends ImageInputStream, DataOutput {
      *
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     void writeFloat(float v) throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -306,6 +316,7 @@ public interface ImageOutputStream extends ImageInputStream, DataOutput {
      *
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     void writeDouble(double v) throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -334,6 +345,7 @@ public interface ImageOutputStream extends ImageInputStream, DataOutput {
      * {@code null}.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     void writeBytes(String s) throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -362,6 +374,7 @@ public interface ImageOutputStream extends ImageInputStream, DataOutput {
      * {@code null}.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     void writeChars(String s) throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -433,6 +446,7 @@ public interface ImageOutputStream extends ImageInputStream, DataOutput {
      * representation of {@code s} requires more than 65536 bytes.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     void writeUTF(String s) throws IOException;
 
     /**
@@ -658,5 +672,6 @@ public interface ImageOutputStream extends ImageInputStream, DataOutput {
      * position.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
+    @Override
     void flushBefore(long pos) throws IOException;
 }
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/ImageOutputStreamImpl.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/ImageOutputStreamImpl.java
index 13231470a7a..0295d77b186 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/ImageOutputStreamImpl.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/ImageOutputStreamImpl.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -48,22 +48,28 @@ public abstract class ImageOutputStreamImpl
     public ImageOutputStreamImpl() {
     }
 
+    @Override
     public abstract void write(int b) throws IOException;
 
+    @Override
     public void write(byte[] b) throws IOException {
         write(b, 0, b.length);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public abstract void write(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException;
 
+    @Override
     public void writeBoolean(boolean v) throws IOException {
         write(v ? 1 : 0);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void writeByte(int v) throws IOException {
         write(v);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void writeShort(int v) throws IOException {
         if (byteOrder == ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN) {
             ByteArray.setUnsignedShort(byteBuf, 0, v);
@@ -73,10 +79,12 @@ public void writeShort(int v) throws IOException {
         write(byteBuf, 0, 2);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void writeChar(int v) throws IOException {
         writeShort(v);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void writeInt(int v) throws IOException {
         if (byteOrder == ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN) {
             ByteArray.setInt(byteBuf, 0, v);
@@ -86,6 +94,7 @@ public void writeInt(int v) throws IOException {
         write(byteBuf, 0, 4);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void writeLong(long v) throws IOException {
         if (byteOrder == ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN) {
             ByteArray.setLong(byteBuf, 0, v);
@@ -100,14 +109,17 @@ public void writeLong(long v) throws IOException {
         write(byteBuf, 4, 4);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void writeFloat(float v) throws IOException {
         writeInt(Float.floatToIntBits(v));
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void writeDouble(double v) throws IOException {
         writeLong(Double.doubleToLongBits(v));
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void writeBytes(String s) throws IOException {
         int len = s.length();
         for (int i = 0 ; i < len ; i++) {
@@ -115,6 +127,7 @@ public void writeBytes(String s) throws IOException {
         }
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void writeChars(String s) throws IOException {
         int len = s.length();
 
@@ -140,6 +153,7 @@ public void writeChars(String s) throws IOException {
     /**
      * @throws UTFDataFormatException {@inheritDoc}
      */
+    @Override
     public void writeUTF(String s) throws IOException {
         int strlen = s.length();
         int utflen = 0;
@@ -182,6 +196,7 @@ public void writeUTF(String s) throws IOException {
         write(b, 0, utflen + 2);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void writeShorts(short[] s, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         // Fix 4430357 - if off + len < 0, overflow occurred
         if (off < 0 || len < 0 || off + len > s.length || off + len < 0) {
@@ -208,6 +223,7 @@ public void writeShorts(short[] s, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         write(b, 0, len*2);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void writeChars(char[] c, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         // Fix 4430357 - if off + len < 0, overflow occurred
         if (off < 0 || len < 0 || off + len > c.length || off + len < 0) {
@@ -234,6 +250,7 @@ public void writeChars(char[] c, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         write(b, 0, len*2);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void writeInts(int[] i, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         // Fix 4430357 - if off + len < 0, overflow occurred
         if (off < 0 || len < 0 || off + len > i.length || off + len < 0) {
@@ -260,6 +277,7 @@ public void writeInts(int[] i, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         write(b, 0, len*4);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void writeLongs(long[] l, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         // Fix 4430357 - if off + len < 0, overflow occurred
         if (off < 0 || len < 0 || off + len > l.length || off + len < 0) {
@@ -286,6 +304,7 @@ public void writeLongs(long[] l, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         write(b, 0, len*8);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void writeFloats(float[] f, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         // Fix 4430357 - if off + len < 0, overflow occurred
         if (off < 0 || len < 0 || off + len > f.length || off + len < 0) {
@@ -312,6 +331,7 @@ public void writeFloats(float[] f, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         write(b, 0, len*4);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void writeDoubles(double[] d, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         // Fix 4430357 - if off + len < 0, overflow occurred
         if (off < 0 || len < 0 || off + len > d.length || off + len < 0) {
@@ -338,10 +358,12 @@ public void writeDoubles(double[] d, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         write(b, 0, len*8);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void writeBit(int bit) throws IOException {
         writeBits((1L & bit), 1);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void writeBits(long bits, int numBits) throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
 
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/MemoryCacheImageInputStream.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/MemoryCacheImageInputStream.java
index 0f259a9ce46..9e4343add7a 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/MemoryCacheImageInputStream.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/MemoryCacheImageInputStream.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ public MemoryCacheImageInputStream(InputStream stream) {
         this.stream = stream;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public int read() throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
         bitOffset = 0;
@@ -73,6 +74,7 @@ public int read() throws IOException {
         }
     }
 
+    @Override
     public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
 
@@ -103,6 +105,7 @@ public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         }
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void flushBefore(long pos) throws IOException {
         super.flushBefore(pos); // this will call checkClosed() for us
         cache.disposeBefore(pos);
@@ -118,6 +121,7 @@ public void flushBefore(long pos) throws IOException {
      * @see #isCachedMemory
      * @see #isCachedFile
      */
+    @Override
     public boolean isCached() {
         return true;
     }
@@ -131,6 +135,7 @@ public boolean isCached() {
      * @see #isCached
      * @see #isCachedMemory
      */
+    @Override
     public boolean isCachedFile() {
         return false;
     }
@@ -144,6 +149,7 @@ public boolean isCachedFile() {
      * @see #isCached
      * @see #isCachedFile
      */
+    @Override
     public boolean isCachedMemory() {
         return true;
     }
@@ -152,6 +158,7 @@ public boolean isCachedMemory() {
      * Closes this {@code MemoryCacheImageInputStream}, freeing
      * the cache.  The source {@code InputStream} is not closed.
      */
+    @Override
     public void close() throws IOException {
         super.close();
         stream = null;
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/MemoryCacheImageOutputStream.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/MemoryCacheImageOutputStream.java
index dd7049689b4..c61cc3110a6 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/MemoryCacheImageOutputStream.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/stream/MemoryCacheImageOutputStream.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2006, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ public MemoryCacheImageOutputStream(OutputStream stream) {
         this.stream = stream;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public int read() throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
 
@@ -73,6 +74,7 @@ public int read() throws IOException {
         return val;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         checkClosed();
 
@@ -107,18 +109,21 @@ public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         return len;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void write(int b) throws IOException {
         flushBits(); // this will call checkClosed() for us
         cache.write(b, streamPos);
         ++streamPos;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void write(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
         flushBits(); // this will call checkClosed() for us
         cache.write(b, off, len, streamPos);
         streamPos += len;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public long length() {
         try {
             checkClosed();
@@ -138,6 +143,7 @@ public long length() {
      * @see #isCachedMemory
      * @see #isCachedFile
      */
+    @Override
     public boolean isCached() {
         return true;
     }
@@ -151,6 +157,7 @@ public boolean isCached() {
      * @see #isCached
      * @see #isCachedMemory
      */
+    @Override
     public boolean isCachedFile() {
         return false;
     }
@@ -164,6 +171,7 @@ public boolean isCachedFile() {
      * @see #isCached
      * @see #isCachedFile
      */
+    @Override
     public boolean isCachedMemory() {
         return true;
     }
@@ -174,6 +182,7 @@ public boolean isCachedMemory() {
      * is released.  The destination {@code OutputStream}
      * is not closed.
      */
+    @Override
     public void close() throws IOException {
         long length = cache.getLength();
         seek(length);
@@ -189,6 +198,7 @@ public void close() throws IOException {
      * @param pos {@inheritDoc ImageOutputStream}
      * @throws IOException {@inheritDoc ImageOutputStream}
      */
+    @Override
     public void flushBefore(long pos) throws IOException {
         long oFlushedPos = flushedPos;
         super.flushBefore(pos); // this will call checkClosed() for us

From 157c49276bed43664eeb9c142cf2bd83064d8187 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Prasanta Sadhukhan <psadhukhan@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 2026 05:29:58 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 574/707] 8390183: Some typos in JavaDocs for the java.desktop
 module

Reviewed-by: azvegint, kizune
---
 .../share/classes/java/awt/image/DirectColorModel.java    | 4 ++--
 .../share/classes/java/beans/EventHandler.java            | 2 +-
 .../beans/beancontext/BeanContextServicesSupport.java     | 2 +-
 .../java/beans/beancontext/BeanContextSupport.java        | 2 +-
 .../share/classes/javax/imageio/ImageWriter.java          | 4 ++--
 .../classes/javax/imageio/metadata/IIOMetadataFormat.java | 4 ++--
 .../javax/imageio/plugins/tiff/BaselineTIFFTagSet.java    | 8 ++++----
 .../classes/javax/imageio/plugins/tiff/TIFFDirectory.java | 4 ++--
 .../classes/javax/imageio/spi/ImageInputStreamSpi.java    | 4 ++--
 .../classes/javax/imageio/spi/ImageOutputStreamSpi.java   | 4 ++--
 src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/sound/SoundClip.java | 4 ++--
 .../share/classes/javax/swing/JComponent.java             | 2 +-
 12 files changed, 22 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/DirectColorModel.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/DirectColorModel.java
index d7dc4a4fba7..92af1b327d8 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/DirectColorModel.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/image/DirectColorModel.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1995, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1995, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -648,7 +648,7 @@ public int getBlue(Object inData) {
      *  {@code inData} is not large enough to hold a pixel value
      *  for this {@code ColorModel}
      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this
-     *  {@code tranferType} is not supported by this
+     *  {@code transferType} is not supported by this
      *  {@code ColorModel}
      */
     public int getAlpha(Object inData) {
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/beans/EventHandler.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/beans/EventHandler.java
index 60f4e7bafda..8581fd250a8 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/beans/EventHandler.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/beans/EventHandler.java
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@
  *</pre>
  * </blockquote>
  * The target property may also be "qualified" with an arbitrary number
- * of property prefixs delimited with the "." character.  For example, the
+ * of property prefixes delimited with the "." character.  For example, the
  * following action listener:
  * <pre>
  *   EventHandler.create(ActionListener.class, target, "a.b", "c.d")
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/beans/beancontext/BeanContextServicesSupport.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/beans/beancontext/BeanContextServicesSupport.java
index 17897f6865e..1b2ab2885e6 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/beans/beancontext/BeanContextServicesSupport.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/beans/beancontext/BeanContextServicesSupport.java
@@ -1285,7 +1285,7 @@ private synchronized void readObject(ObjectInputStream ois) throws IOException,
     protected transient HashMap<Object, BCSSServiceProvider>  services;
 
     /**
-     * The number of instances of a serializable {@code BeanContextServceProvider}.
+     * The number of instances of a serializable {@code BeanContextServiceProvider}.
      */
     protected transient int                      serializable = 0;
 
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/beans/beancontext/BeanContextSupport.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/beans/beancontext/BeanContextSupport.java
index 884b36d4b12..d289bc8e116 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/beans/beancontext/BeanContextSupport.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/beans/beancontext/BeanContextSupport.java
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ protected class BCSChild implements Serializable {
      * methods that add children to the set.
      * </p>
      * @param targetChild the child to create the Child on behalf of
-     * @param peer        the peer if the tragetChild and the peer are related by an implementation of BeanContextProxy
+     * @param peer        the peer if the targetChild and the peer are related by an implementation of BeanContextProxy
      * @return Subtype-specific subclass of Child without overriding collection methods
      */
 
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/ImageWriter.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/ImageWriter.java
index f378e969a5a..84c66721efe 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/ImageWriter.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/ImageWriter.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -1195,7 +1195,7 @@ public void prepareWriteEmpty(IIOMetadata streamMetadata,
      * {@code prepareInsertEmpty} without a corresponding call to
      * {@code endInsertEmpty} has been made.
      * @throws IllegalStateException if a call to
-     * {@code prepareReiplacePixels} has been made without a
+     * {@code prepareReplacePixels} has been made without a
      * matching call to {@code endReplacePixels}.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs during writing.
      */
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/metadata/IIOMetadataFormat.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/metadata/IIOMetadataFormat.java
index b0cd40b6f6e..06010a5da67 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/metadata/IIOMetadataFormat.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/metadata/IIOMetadataFormat.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ public interface IIOMetadataFormat {
      * interpretation of the value of the given attribute within the
      * named element.  If {@code getAttributeValueType} returns
      * {@code VALUE_LIST}, then the legal value is a
-     * whitespace-spearated list of values of the returned datatype.
+     * whitespace-separated list of values of the returned datatype.
      *
      * @param elementName the name of the element being queried.
      * @param attrName the name of the attribute being queried.
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/plugins/tiff/BaselineTIFFTagSet.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/plugins/tiff/BaselineTIFFTagSet.java
index ebeb456b164..854e1816b99 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/plugins/tiff/BaselineTIFFTagSet.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/plugins/tiff/BaselineTIFFTagSet.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -314,21 +314,21 @@ public final class BaselineTIFFTagSet extends TIFFTagSet {
     public static final int TAG_THRESHHOLDING = 263;
 
     /**
-     * A value to be used with the "Thresholding" tag.
+     * A value to be used with the "Threshholding" tag.
      *
      * @see #TAG_THRESHHOLDING
      */
     public static final int THRESHHOLDING_NONE = 1;
 
     /**
-     * A value to be used with the "Thresholding" tag.
+     * A value to be used with the "Threshholding" tag.
      *
      * @see #TAG_THRESHHOLDING
      */
     public static final int THRESHHOLDING_ORDERED_DITHER = 2;
 
     /**
-     * A value to be used with the "Thresholding" tag.
+     * A value to be used with the "Threshholding" tag.
      *
      * @see #TAG_THRESHHOLDING
      */
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/plugins/tiff/TIFFDirectory.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/plugins/tiff/TIFFDirectory.java
index 197b351feb7..4d4765b7ef9 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/plugins/tiff/TIFFDirectory.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/plugins/tiff/TIFFDirectory.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ public void removeTagSet(TIFFTagSet tagSet) {
      * has been defined or {@code null} otherwise.
      *
      * @return The parent {@code TIFFTag} of this
-     * {@code TIFFDiectory} or {@code null}.
+     * {@code TIFFDirectory} or {@code null}.
      */
     public TIFFTag getParentTag() {
         return parentTag;
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/spi/ImageInputStreamSpi.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/spi/ImageInputStreamSpi.java
index fb3b8d58e31..de82ed71f2c 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/spi/ImageInputStreamSpi.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/spi/ImageInputStreamSpi.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2004, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ public Class<?> getInputClass() {
      * Returns {@code true} if the {@code ImageInputStream}
      * implementation associated with this service provider can
      * optionally make use of a cache file for improved performance
-     * and/or memory footrprint.  If {@code false}, the value of
+     * and/or memory footprint.  If {@code false}, the value of
      * the {@code useCache} argument to
      * {@code createInputStreamInstance} will be ignored.
      *
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/spi/ImageOutputStreamSpi.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/spi/ImageOutputStreamSpi.java
index a8fcf7ef19f..7b795d88994 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/spi/ImageOutputStreamSpi.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/imageio/spi/ImageOutputStreamSpi.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2004, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ public Class<?> getOutputClass() {
      * Returns {@code true} if the {@code ImageOutputStream}
      * implementation associated with this service provider can
      * optionally make use of a cache {@code File} for improved
-     * performance and/or memory footrprint.  If {@code false},
+     * performance and/or memory footprint.  If {@code false},
      * the value of the {@code cacheFile} argument to
      * {@code createOutputStreamInstance} will be ignored.
      *
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/sound/SoundClip.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/sound/SoundClip.java
index 41ad11e5cac..597de69d244 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/sound/SoundClip.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/sound/SoundClip.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ public void play() {
      * <p>
      * Threading notes : Most applications will not need to do anything except call {@code loop()}.
      * The following is therefore something most applications need not be concerned about.
-     * Play back is managed in a background thread, which is ususally a daemon thread.
+     * Play back is managed in a background thread, which is usually a daemon thread.
      * Running daemon threads do not prevent the VM from exiting.
      * So at least one thread must be alive to prevent the VM from terminating.
      * A UI application with any window displayed automatically satisfies this requirement.
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/JComponent.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/JComponent.java
index 9a7e67913ff..943bfc946d7 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/JComponent.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/JComponent.java
@@ -3254,7 +3254,7 @@ public boolean getAutoscrolls() {
      * locations). If you do not wish for this component to respond in any way
      * to drops, you can disable drop support entirely either by removing the
      * drop target ({@code setDropTarget(null)}) or by de-activating it
-     * ({@code getDropTaget().setActive(false)}).
+     * ({@code getDropTarget().setActive(false)}).
      * <p>
      * If the new {@code TransferHandler} is {@code null}, this method removes
      * the drop target.

From 3ef007ac237627d08631a582713751b1accd72e4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Prasanta Sadhukhan <psadhukhan@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 2026 05:30:35 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 575/707] 8390296: Swing MultiUIDefaults#containsKey
 inconsistancy

Reviewed-by: azvegint, kizune
---
 .../classes/javax/swing/MultiUIDefaults.java  | 16 +++-
 .../MultiUIDefaultsContainsKeyTest.java       | 91 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 106 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/javax/swing/MultiUIDefaults/MultiUIDefaultsContainsKeyTest.java

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/MultiUIDefaults.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/MultiUIDefaults.java
index 8b65bfc962b..db324fb676b 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/MultiUIDefaults.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/MultiUIDefaults.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -119,6 +119,20 @@ public Set<Object> keySet()
         return set;
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public boolean containsKey(Object key) {
+        if (super.containsKey(key)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        for (UIDefaults table : tables) {
+            if (table != null && table.containsKey(key)) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
     @Override
     public Enumeration<Object> elements()
     {
diff --git a/test/jdk/javax/swing/MultiUIDefaults/MultiUIDefaultsContainsKeyTest.java b/test/jdk/javax/swing/MultiUIDefaults/MultiUIDefaultsContainsKeyTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3e1669cb927
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/javax/swing/MultiUIDefaults/MultiUIDefaultsContainsKeyTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8390296
+ * @summary Verifies MultiUIDefaults#containsKey and
+ *          MultiUIDefaults#keySet().contains(key) produce same result
+ * @run main MultiUIDefaultsContainsKeyTest
+ */
+
+import javax.swing.UIManager;
+import javax.swing.UIDefaults;
+import javax.swing.LookAndFeel;
+
+public class MultiUIDefaultsContainsKeyTest {
+    private static final String KEY = "TabbedPane.isTabRollover";
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        UIManager.setLookAndFeel(new KeyProvidingLookAndFeel());
+
+        boolean containsKey = UIManager.getDefaults().containsKey(KEY);
+        boolean keySetContains = UIManager.getDefaults().keySet().contains(KEY);
+
+        System.out.println("key: " + KEY);
+        System.out.println("defaults class: "
+                + UIManager.getDefaults().getClass().getName());
+        System.out.println("containsKey: " + containsKey);
+        System.out.println("keySet().contains: " + keySetContains);
+
+        if (containsKey != keySetContains) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("containsKey and keySet().contains disagree");
+        }
+
+        System.out.println("No inconsistency observed.");
+    }
+
+    private static final class KeyProvidingLookAndFeel extends LookAndFeel {
+        @Override
+        public String getName() {
+            return "auxiliary Look and Feel";
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String getID() {
+            return "Auxiliary";
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String getDescription() {
+            return "Adds a defaults key for the MultiUIDefaults reproducer";
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isNativeLookAndFeel() {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isSupportedLookAndFeel() {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public UIDefaults getDefaults() {
+            UIDefaults defaults = new UIDefaults();
+            defaults.put(KEY, Boolean.TRUE);
+            return defaults;
+        }
+    }
+}

From 5eaf42f6dad4ff9d92dad2cfc12c773010a74961 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Guanqiang Han <ghan@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 2026 06:25:31 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 576/707] 8389579: C2: Missed Ideal optimization opportunity in
 PhaseIterGVN for CompressBits and ExpandBits

Reviewed-by: mchevalier, thartmann
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp             |  23 ++
 ...MissingCompressBitsAndExpandBitsIdeal.java | 295 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 318 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/igvn/TestMissingCompressBitsAndExpandBitsIdeal.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
index 4e140337d70..9ec0af0e170 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
@@ -2708,6 +2708,29 @@ void PhaseIterGVN::add_users_of_use_to_worklist(Node* n, Node* use, Unique_Node_
       return u->Opcode() == Op_AndI || u->Opcode() == Op_AndL;
     });
   }
+  // If changed LShift inputs, check CompressBits and ExpandBits users for
+  // compress(x, 1 << n), compress(x, -1 << n),
+  // expand(x, 1 << n), expand(x, -1 << n) optimizations.
+  if (use_op == Op_LShiftI || use_op == Op_LShiftL) {
+    add_users_to_worklist_if(worklist, use, [&](Node* u) {
+      return (u->Opcode() == Op_CompressBits || u->Opcode() == Op_ExpandBits) &&
+             u->in(2) == use;
+    });
+  }
+  // If changed ExpandBits inputs, check CompressBits users for
+  // compress(expand(x, m), m) optimization.
+  if (use_op == Op_ExpandBits) {
+    add_users_to_worklist_if(worklist, use, [&](Node* u) {
+      return u->Opcode() == Op_CompressBits && u->in(1) == use;
+    });
+  }
+  // If changed CompressBits inputs, check ExpandBits users for
+  // expand(compress(x, m), m) optimization.
+  if (use_op == Op_CompressBits) {
+    add_users_to_worklist_if(worklist, use, [&](Node* u) {
+      return u->Opcode() == Op_ExpandBits && u->in(1) == use;
+    });
+  }
   // If changed AddI/SubI inputs, check CmpU for range check optimization.
   if (use_op == Op_AddI || use_op == Op_SubI) {
     add_users_to_worklist_if(worklist, use, [](Node* u) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/igvn/TestMissingCompressBitsAndExpandBitsIdeal.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/igvn/TestMissingCompressBitsAndExpandBitsIdeal.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8bb76c6155f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/igvn/TestMissingCompressBitsAndExpandBitsIdeal.java
@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package compiler.c2.igvn;
+
+import compiler.lib.generators.*;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8389579
+ * @key randomness
+ * @summary Test missing Ideal optimization opportunity for CompressBits and ExpandBits.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+public class TestMissingCompressBitsAndExpandBitsIdeal {
+    private static final Generator<Integer> INTS = Generators.G.ints();
+    private static final Generator<Long> LONGS = Generators.G.longs();
+
+    private static final RestrictableGenerator<Integer> INT_SHIFTS = Generators.G.ints()
+                                                                               .restricted(1, Integer.SIZE - 1);
+    private static final RestrictableGenerator<Integer> LONG_SHIFTS = Generators.G.ints()
+                                                                                .restricted(1, Long.SIZE - 1);
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestFramework.runWithFlags("-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
+                                   "-XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=100");
+    }
+
+    // compress(x, 1 << n) == (x >> n) & 1
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, "> 0"},
+        phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    public static int testIntCompressWithOneLeftShift(int value, int shift) {
+        int i;
+        for (i = -10; i < 1; i++) {
+        }
+        int mask = i << shift;
+        return Integer.compress(value, mask);
+    }
+
+    // compress(x, -1 << n) == x >>> n
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, "> 0"},
+        phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    public static int testIntCompressWithMinusOneLeftShift(int value, int shift) {
+        int i;
+        for (i = -10; i < -1; i++) {
+        }
+        int mask = i << shift;
+        return Integer.compress(value, mask);
+    }
+
+    // compress(x, 1L << n) == (x >> n) & 1L
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, "> 0"},
+        phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    public static long testLongCompressWithOneLeftShift(long value, int shift) {
+        long i;
+        for (i = -10; i < 1; i++) {
+        }
+        long mask = i << shift;
+        return Long.compress(value, mask);
+    }
+
+    // compress(x, -1L << n) == x >>> n
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, "> 0"},
+        phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    public static long testLongCompressWithMinusOneLeftShift(long value, int shift) {
+        long i;
+        for (i = -10; i < -1; i++) {
+        }
+        long mask = i << shift;
+        return Long.compress(value, mask);
+    }
+
+    // compress(expand(x, m), m) == x & compress(m, m)
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.EXPAND_BITS, "> 0",
+                  IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, "> 0"},
+        phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.EXPAND_BITS},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    public static int testIntCompressExpandWithSameMask(int value, int mask) {
+        int i;
+        for (i = -10; i < 1; i++) {
+        }
+        int expandMask = mask * i;
+        return Integer.compress(Integer.expand(value, expandMask), mask);
+    }
+
+    // compress(expand(x, m), m) == x & compress(m, m)
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.EXPAND_BITS, "> 0",
+                  IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, "> 0"},
+        phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.EXPAND_BITS},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    public static long testLongCompressExpandWithSameMask(long value, long mask) {
+        long i;
+        for (i = -10; i < 1; i++) {
+        }
+        long expandMask = mask * i;
+        return Long.compress(Long.expand(value, expandMask), mask);
+    }
+
+    // expand(x, 1 << n) == (x & 1) << n
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.EXPAND_BITS, "> 0"},
+        phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.EXPAND_BITS},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    public static int testIntExpandWithOneLeftShift(int value, int shift) {
+        int result = 0;
+        for (int i = 1; i >= 1; i--) {
+            int x = value;
+            result = Integer.expand(x, i << shift);
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    // expand(x, -1 << n) == x << n
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.EXPAND_BITS, "> 0"},
+        phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.EXPAND_BITS},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    public static int testIntExpandWithMinusOneLeftShift(int value, int shift) {
+        int result = 0;
+        for (int i = -1; i >= -1; i--) {
+            int x = value;
+            result = Integer.expand(x, i << shift);
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    // expand(x, 1L << n) == (x & 1L) << n
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.EXPAND_BITS, "> 0"},
+        phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.EXPAND_BITS},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    public static long testLongExpandWithOneLeftShift(long value, int shift) {
+        long result = 0;
+        for (long i = 1L; i >= 1L; i--) {
+            long x = value;
+            result = Long.expand(x, i << shift);
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    // expand(x, -1L << n) == x << n
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.EXPAND_BITS, "> 0"},
+        phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.EXPAND_BITS},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    public static long testLongExpandWithMinusOneLeftShift(long value, int shift) {
+        long result = 0;
+        for (long i = -1L; i >= -1L; i--) {
+            long x = value;
+            result = Long.expand(x, i << shift);
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    // expand(compress(x, m), m) == x & m
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, "> 0",
+                  IRNode.EXPAND_BITS, "> 0"},
+        phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.EXPAND_BITS, IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    public static int testIntExpandCompressWithSameMask(int value, int mask) {
+        int result = 0;
+        for (int i = 1; i >= 1; i--) {
+            int x = value;
+            result = Integer.expand(Integer.compress(x, mask * i), mask);
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    // expand(compress(x, m), m) == x & m
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, "> 0",
+                  IRNode.EXPAND_BITS, "> 0"},
+        phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.EXPAND_BITS, IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS},
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2", "true"})
+    public static long testLongExpandCompressWithSameMask(long value, long mask) {
+        long result = 0;
+        for (long i = 1L; i >= 1L; i--) {
+            long x = value;
+            result = Long.expand(Long.compress(x, mask * i), mask);
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"testIntCompressWithOneLeftShift",
+                 "testIntCompressWithMinusOneLeftShift",
+                 "testLongCompressWithOneLeftShift",
+                 "testLongCompressWithMinusOneLeftShift",
+                 "testIntCompressExpandWithSameMask",
+                 "testLongCompressExpandWithSameMask",
+                 "testIntExpandWithOneLeftShift",
+                 "testIntExpandWithMinusOneLeftShift",
+                 "testLongExpandWithOneLeftShift",
+                 "testLongExpandWithMinusOneLeftShift",
+                 "testIntExpandCompressWithSameMask",
+                 "testLongExpandCompressWithSameMask"})
+    public static void runTest() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+            int intValue = INTS.next();
+            int intShift = INT_SHIFTS.next();
+            int intMask = INTS.next();
+            long longValue = LONGS.next();
+            int longShift = LONG_SHIFTS.next();
+            long longMask = LONGS.next();
+
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testIntCompressWithOneLeftShift(intValue, intShift),
+                             (intValue >> intShift) & 1);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testIntCompressWithMinusOneLeftShift(intValue, intShift),
+                             intValue >>> intShift);
+
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testLongCompressWithOneLeftShift(longValue, longShift),
+                             (longValue >> longShift) & 1L);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testLongCompressWithMinusOneLeftShift(longValue, longShift),
+                             longValue >>> longShift);
+
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testIntCompressExpandWithSameMask(intValue, intMask),
+                             intValue & Integer.compress(intMask, intMask));
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testLongCompressExpandWithSameMask(longValue, longMask),
+                             longValue & Long.compress(longMask, longMask));
+
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testIntExpandWithOneLeftShift(intValue, intShift),
+                             (intValue & 1) << intShift);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testIntExpandWithMinusOneLeftShift(intValue, intShift),
+                             intValue << intShift);
+
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testLongExpandWithOneLeftShift(longValue, longShift),
+                             (longValue & 1L) << longShift);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testLongExpandWithMinusOneLeftShift(longValue, longShift),
+                             longValue << longShift);
+
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testIntExpandCompressWithSameMask(intValue, intMask),
+                             intValue & intMask);
+            Asserts.assertEQ(testLongExpandCompressWithSameMask(longValue, longMask),
+                             longValue & longMask);
+        }
+    }
+}

From 5962e8294d63dc30a4b87ed617f0c27eb09f2793 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Skantz <dskantz@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 2026 06:33:22 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 577/707] 8386580: Typing corrections and style improvements in
 x86 ML DSA/KEM/SHA3 stub code

Reviewed-by: adinn, semery, chagedorn
---
 .../x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_dilithium.cpp    | 22 +++++++--------
 .../cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_kyber.cpp    | 28 ++++++++++---------
 .../cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_sha3.cpp     |  4 +--
 src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp       |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/runtime.cpp            |  2 --
 5 files changed, 29 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_dilithium.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_dilithium.cpp
index de8f52a3c05..74ccc892c8e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_dilithium.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_dilithium.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2025, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ static auto whole_shuffle(Register scratch, KRegister mergeMask1, KRegister merg
 //         swap the second operand (zetas) since the odd slots contain the same number
 //         as the corresponding even one. This is indicated by input2NeedsShuffle=false)
 //
-// The registers to be multiplied are in input1[] and inputs2[]. The results go
+// The registers to be multiplied are in input1[] and input2[]. The results go
 // into output[]. Two scratch[] register arrays are expected. input1[] can
 // overlap with either output[] or scratch1[]
 // - If AVX512, all register arrays are of length 4
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ static auto whole_montMul(XMMRegister montQInvModR, XMMRegister dilithium_q,
     // If so, use output:
     const XMMRegister* scratch = scratch1 == input1 ? output: scratch1;
 
-    // scratch = input1_even * intput2_even
+    // scratch = input1_even * input2_even
     for (int i = 0; i < regCnt; i++) {
       __ vpmuldq(scratch[i], input1[i], input2[i], vector_len);
     }
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ static auto whole_montMul(XMMRegister montQInvModR, XMMRegister dilithium_q,
       }
     }
 
-    // scratch1 = input1_even*intput2_even
+    // scratch1 = input1_even*input2_even
     for (int i = 0; i < regCnt; i++) {
       __ vpmuldq(scratch1[i], input1[i], input2[i], vector_len);
     }
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ static address generate_dilithiumAlmostNtt_avx(StubGenerator *stubgen,
   // products will be added to and subtracted from the other half of the
   // coefficients. In each level we just shuffle the coefficients that need to
   // be multiplied by the zetas in one set, the rest to another set of vector
-  // registers, then redistribute the addition/substraction results.
+  // registers, then redistribute the addition/subtraction results.
 
   // For levels 0 and 1 the zetas are not different within the 4 xmm registers
   // that we would use for them, so we use only one register.
@@ -649,7 +649,7 @@ static address generate_dilithiumAlmostNtt_avx(StubGenerator *stubgen,
   }
 
   __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-  __ mov64(rax, 0); // return 0
+  __ mov64(rax, 0); // Intrinsic returns a value of 0, whereas Java callees return 1
   __ ret(0);
 
   // record the stub entry and end
@@ -898,7 +898,7 @@ static address generate_dilithiumAlmostInverseNtt_avx(StubGenerator *stubgen,
   }
 
   __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-  __ mov64(rax, 0); // return 0
+  __ mov64(rax, 0); // Intrinsic returns a value of 0, whereas Java callees return 1
   __ ret(0);
 
   // record the stub entry and end
@@ -993,7 +993,7 @@ static address generate_dilithiumNttMult_avx(StubGenerator *stubgen,
   __ jcc(Assembler::notEqual, L_loop);
 
   __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-  __ mov64(rax, 0); // return 0
+  __ mov64(rax, 0); // Intrinsic returns a value of 0, whereas Java callees return 1
   __ ret(0);
 
   // record the stub entry and end
@@ -1002,7 +1002,7 @@ static address generate_dilithiumNttMult_avx(StubGenerator *stubgen,
   return start;
 }
 
-// Dilithium Motgomery multiply an array by a constant.
+// Dilithium Montgomery multiply an array by a constant.
 // Implements
 // static int implDilithiumMontMulByConstant(int[] coeffs, int constant) {}
 //
@@ -1089,7 +1089,7 @@ static address generate_dilithiumMontMulByConstant_avx(StubGenerator *stubgen,
   __ jcc(Assembler::notEqual, L_loop);
 
   __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-  __ mov64(rax, 0); // return 0
+  __ mov64(rax, 0); // Intrinsic returns a value of 0, whereas Java callees return 1
   __ ret(0);
 
   // record the stub entry and end
@@ -1357,7 +1357,7 @@ static address generate_dilithiumDecomposePoly_avx(StubGenerator *stubgen,
   __ jcc(Assembler::notEqual, L_loop);
 
   __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-  __ mov64(rax, 0); // return 0
+  __ mov64(rax, 0); // Intrinsic returns a value of 0, whereas Java callees return 1
   __ ret(0);
 
   // record the stub entry and end
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_kyber.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_kyber.cpp
index 840f848d3ba..cf2d32b6a60 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_kyber.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_kyber.cpp
@@ -349,11 +349,13 @@ static void store4regs(Register address, int offset, int sourceRegs[],
   }
 }
 
-// In all 3 invocations of this function we use the same registers:
-// xmm0-xmm7 for the input and the result,
-// xmm8-xmm15 as scratch registers and
-// xmm16-xmm17 for the constants,
-// so we don't pass register arguments.
+// This stub helper vectorizes the reduction in implKyberBarrettReduceJava.
+// In all invocations of this function we use the same registers:
+// Input:   xmm0-xmm7 (signed short coefficients)
+//          xmm16: Barrett multiplier
+//          xmm17: q
+// Scratch: xmm8-xmm15
+// Output:  xmm0-xmm7 (reduced coefficients each in [0, q])
 static void barrettReduce(MacroAssembler *_masm) {
   for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
     __ evpmulhw(xmm(i + 8), k0, xmm(i), xmm16, false, Assembler::AVX_512bit);
@@ -490,7 +492,7 @@ address generate_kyberNtt_avx512(StubGenerator *stubgen,
   store4regs(coeffs, 256, xmm4_7, _masm);
 
   __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-  __ mov64(rax, 0); // return 0
+  __ mov64(rax, 0); // Intrinsic returns a value of 0, whereas Java callees return 1
   __ ret(0);
 
   // record the stub entry and end
@@ -621,7 +623,7 @@ address generate_kyberInverseNtt_avx512(StubGenerator *stubgen,
   store4regs(coeffs, 256, xmm12_15, _masm);
 
   __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-  __ mov64(rax, 0); // return 0
+  __ mov64(rax, 0); // Intrinsic returns a value of 0, whereas Java callees return 1
   __ ret(0);
 
   // record the stub entry and end
@@ -771,7 +773,7 @@ address generate_kyberNttMult_avx512(StubGenerator *stubgen,
   __ pop_ppx(r12);
 
   __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-  __ mov64(rax, 0); // return 0
+  __ mov64(rax, 0); // Intrinsic returns a value of 0, whereas Java callees return 1
   __ ret(0);
 
   // record the stub entry and end
@@ -824,7 +826,7 @@ address generate_kyberAddPoly_2_avx512(StubGenerator *stubgen,
   store4regs(result, 256, xmm4_7, _masm);
 
   __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-  __ mov64(rax, 0); // return 0
+  __ mov64(rax, 0); // Intrinsic returns a value of 0, whereas Java callees return 1
   __ ret(0);
 
   // record the stub entry and end
@@ -886,7 +888,7 @@ address generate_kyberAddPoly_3_avx512(StubGenerator *stubgen,
   store4regs(result, 256, xmm4_7, _masm);
 
   __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-  __ mov64(rax, 0); // return 0
+  __ mov64(rax, 0); // Intrinsic returns a value of 0, whereas Java callees return 1
   __ ret(0);
 
   // record the stub entry and end
@@ -975,7 +977,7 @@ address generate_kyber12To16_avx512(StubGenerator *stubgen,
       __ jcc(Assembler::greater, VBMILoop);
 
     __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-    __ mov64(rax, 0); // return 0
+    __ mov64(rax, 0); // Intrinsic returns a value of 0, whereas Java callees return 1
     __ ret(0);
 
     // record the stub entry and end
@@ -1051,7 +1053,7 @@ address generate_kyber12To16_avx512(StubGenerator *stubgen,
     __ jcc(Assembler::greater, Loop);
 
   __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-  __ mov64(rax, 0); // return 0
+  __ mov64(rax, 0); // Intrinsic returns a value of 0, whereas Java callees return 1
   __ ret(0);
 
   // record the stub entry and end
@@ -1096,7 +1098,7 @@ address generate_kyberBarrettReduce_avx512(StubGenerator *stubgen,
   store4regs(coeffs, 256, xmm4_7, _masm);
 
   __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
-  __ mov64(rax, 0); // return 0
+  __ mov64(rax, 0); // Intrinsic returns a value of 0, whereas Java callees return 1
   __ ret(0);
 
   // record the stub entry and end
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_sha3.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_sha3.cpp
index edfe89f5af0..6c04ef93304 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_sha3.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/stubGenerator_x86_64_sha3.cpp
@@ -628,7 +628,7 @@ static address generate_sha3_implCompress_avx512(StubId stub_id,
 //  (2) - a lot of shuffles are inevitable, since there are not enough registers.
 //        To save some shuffles, column1-column3 and column2-4 are placed into
 //        the same 128-bit register. Column 0 is also grouped (by rows).
-// This means the SHA3 state fits into 12.5 regisers, leaving 3 registers as
+// This means the SHA3 state fits into 12.5 registers, leaving 3 registers as
 // temporaries. This is mostly sufficient, except for the Theta step, where we
 // have to buy two slots on the stack
 static address generate_sha3_implCompress_avx2(StubId stub_id,
@@ -693,7 +693,7 @@ static address generate_sha3_implCompress_avx2(StubId stub_id,
   __ subptr(rsp, reg_size*2);
 
   // Registers for memory load
-  // Notice the careful 'missalignment' of pairs.
+  // Notice the careful 'misalignment' of pairs.
   // This helps XOR for all blocksizes
   XMMRegister    a0a1,   _a2,   a3a4;
   XMMRegister   a5a6,   a7a8,    _a9;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
index ab1ba7cce1c..0fa509d5052 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
@@ -8615,7 +8615,7 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_kyberNtt() {
   if (!stubAddr) return false;
 
   Node* coeffs          = argument(0);
-  Node* ntt_zetas        = argument(1);
+  Node* ntt_zetas       = argument(1);
 
   coeffs = must_be_not_null(coeffs, true);
   ntt_zetas = must_be_not_null(ntt_zetas, true);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/runtime.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/runtime.cpp
index b5905bdd99e..62ea21e7fe2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/runtime.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/runtime.cpp
@@ -1538,7 +1538,6 @@ static const TypeFunc* make_kyberAddPoly_2_Type() {
     return TypeFunc::make(domain, range);
 }
 
-
 // Kyber add 3 polynomials function
 static const TypeFunc* make_kyberAddPoly_3_Type() {
     int argcnt = 4;
@@ -1560,7 +1559,6 @@ static const TypeFunc* make_kyberAddPoly_3_Type() {
     return TypeFunc::make(domain, range);
 }
 
-
 // Kyber XOF output parsing into polynomial coefficients candidates
 // or decompress(12,...) function
 static const TypeFunc* make_kyber12To16_Type() {

From 1d3c7e247c27126b8538ea21bbf3f2e64deb5d66 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Marc Chevalier <mchevalier@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 2026 08:03:05 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 578/707] 8252185: [Valhalla] Improve performance of
 identityHashCode for value objects

Reviewed-by: thartmann, fparain
---
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstance.cpp           |   7 +
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstance.hpp           |   2 +
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstanceKlass.cpp      |  22 +
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstanceKlass.hpp      |   5 +
 .../share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp       |  32 +
 .../share/classfile/classFileParser.hpp       |   1 +
 src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.cpp        |   8 +-
 src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.hpp        |  70 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp           |  89 ++-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.hpp           |   1 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp            |   2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp           |   8 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.cpp     | 109 +++
 src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.hpp     |   4 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp       | 254 ++++++-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.hpp       |   4 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp             |  11 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp       |   1 +
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp         |   3 +
 .../java/lang/runtime/ValueObjectMethods.java |   2 +-
 .../test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java        |  10 +-
 .../inlinetypes/TestHashcodeFastPath.java     | 719 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../openjdk/bench/valhalla/hash/FastPath.java | 502 ++++++++++++
 23 files changed, 1809 insertions(+), 57 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestHashcodeFastPath.java
 create mode 100644 test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/hash/FastPath.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstance.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstance.cpp
index dd6976caa25..790d3f47f87 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstance.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstance.cpp
@@ -235,6 +235,13 @@ ciConstant ciInstance::field_value_by_offset(int field_offset) {
   return field_value(field);
 }
 
+intptr_t ciInstance::hash() const {
+  VM_ENTRY_MARK;
+  oop obj = get_oop();
+  markWord mark = obj->mark();
+  if (mark.is_marked()) return markWord::no_hash;
+  return mark.hash();
+}
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
 // ciInstance::print_impl
 //
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstance.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstance.hpp
index 706349707a2..335a605afc3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstance.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstance.hpp
@@ -67,6 +67,8 @@ class ciInstance : public ciObject {
   // Constant value of a field at the specified offset.
   ciConstant field_value_by_offset(int field_offset);
 
+  intptr_t hash() const;
+
   ciKlass* java_lang_Class_klass();
   char* java_lang_String_str(char* buf, size_t buflen);
 };
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstanceKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstanceKlass.cpp
index 596a0a8415a..d6791fab709 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstanceKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstanceKlass.cpp
@@ -698,6 +698,28 @@ bool ciInstanceKlass::has_object_fields() const {
     );
 }
 
+int ciInstanceKlass::number_of_nonoop_entries_in_acmp_map() const {
+  VM_ENTRY_MARK;
+  return get_instanceKlass()->acmp_maps_array()->at(0);
+}
+int ciInstanceKlass::number_of_oop_entries_in_acmp_map() const {
+  VM_ENTRY_MARK;
+  const Array<int>* acmp_maps = get_instanceKlass()->acmp_maps_array();
+  int number_of_nonoop_entries = acmp_maps->at(0);
+  return acmp_maps->length() - number_of_nonoop_entries * 2 - 1;
+}
+AcmpMapSegment ciInstanceKlass::get_nonoop_segment_of_acmp_map(int i) const {
+  VM_ENTRY_MARK;
+  const Array<int>* acmp_maps = get_instanceKlass()->acmp_maps_array();
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  int number_of_nonoop_entries = acmp_maps->at(0);
+  assert(0 <= i && i < number_of_nonoop_entries, "illegal index, should be in range [0, %d)", number_of_nonoop_entries);
+#endif
+  int offset = acmp_maps->at(2 * i + 1);
+  int size = acmp_maps->at(2 * i + 2);
+  return AcmpMapSegment(offset, size);
+}
+
 bool ciInstanceKlass::compute_has_trusted_loader() {
   ASSERT_IN_VM;
   oop loader_oop = loader();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstanceKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstanceKlass.hpp
index 0f49fd19781..160c050d468 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstanceKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciInstanceKlass.hpp
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "ci/ciFlags.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciSymbol.hpp"
+#include "classfile/classFileParser.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
 
 // ciInstanceKlass
@@ -262,6 +263,10 @@ class ciInstanceKlass : public ciKlass {
     return _nonstatic_fields->at(i);
   }
 
+  int number_of_oop_entries_in_acmp_map() const;
+  int number_of_nonoop_entries_in_acmp_map() const;
+  AcmpMapSegment get_nonoop_segment_of_acmp_map(int i) const;
+
   ciInstanceKlass* unique_concrete_subklass();
   bool has_finalizable_subclass();
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp
index 71a09f8d014..99aef4bb6c7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp
@@ -5483,6 +5483,34 @@ void ClassFileParser::set_fast_acmp_members(InlineKlass* vk) const {
 #endif // VM_LITTLE_ENDIAN
 }
 
+// See the declarations of _fast_hashcode_offset and _fast_hashcode_shift in InlineKlass::Members
+// for details about the fast path logic, and the meaning of these values.
+void ClassFileParser::set_fast_hashcode_members(InlineKlass* vk) const {
+  if (_layout_info->_oop_acmp_map->length() > 0) {  // Oops are not allowed in the fast path
+    return;
+  }
+  if (_layout_info->_nonoop_acmp_map->length() >= 2) {  // We handle at most one segment...
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (_layout_info->_nonoop_acmp_map->length() == 0) {
+    vk->set_fast_hashcode_offset(0);
+    vk->set_fast_hashcode_shift(0);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  assert(_layout_info->_nonoop_acmp_map->length() == 1, "trivially");
+
+  int piece_size = _layout_info->_nonoop_acmp_map->at(0)._size;
+  if (piece_size != 1 && piece_size != 2 && piece_size != 4 && piece_size != 8) {  // ...and it must have a convenient size
+    return;
+  }
+
+  int piece_start = _layout_info->_nonoop_acmp_map->at(0)._offset;
+  vk->set_fast_hashcode_offset(piece_start - (BytesPerLong - piece_size));
+  vk->set_fast_hashcode_shift(BitsPerByte * (BytesPerLong - piece_size));
+}
+
 void ClassFileParser::fill_instance_klass(InstanceKlass* ik,
                                           bool changed_by_loadhook,
                                           const ClassInstanceInfo& cl_inst_info,
@@ -5722,6 +5750,10 @@ void ClassFileParser::fill_instance_klass(InstanceKlass* ik,
       set_fast_acmp_members(vk);
     }
 
+    if (UseHashcodeFastPath) {
+      set_fast_hashcode_members(vk);
+    }
+
     vk->initialize_calling_convention(CHECK);
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.hpp
index 29550a25121..fe5b58dc4be 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.hpp
@@ -543,6 +543,7 @@ class ClassFileParser {
 
   void create_acmp_maps(InstanceKlass* ik, TRAPS);
   void set_fast_acmp_members(InlineKlass* vk) const;
+  void set_fast_hashcode_members(InlineKlass* vk) const;
 
  public:
   ClassFileParser(ClassFileStream* stream,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.cpp
index 1ea28e9c688..b37e1ff80f6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.cpp
@@ -74,8 +74,10 @@ InlineKlass::Members::Members()
     _nullable_non_atomic_size_in_bytes(-1),
     _null_marker_offset(-1),
     _fast_acmp_offset(-1),
-    _fast_acmp_mask(0) {
-}
+    _fast_acmp_mask(0),
+    _fast_hashcode_offset(-1),
+    _fast_hashcode_shift(0)
+{}
 
 InlineKlass::InlineKlass() {
   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive() || UseSharedSpaces, "only for CDS");
@@ -576,6 +578,8 @@ void InlineKlass::Members::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
   st->print_cr(BULLET"null marker offset:                %d", _null_marker_offset);
   st->print_cr(BULLET"fast acmp offset:                  %d", _fast_acmp_offset);
   st->print_cr(BULLET"fast acmp mask:                    " INT64_FORMAT_X_0, _fast_acmp_mask);
+  st->print_cr(BULLET"fast hashcode offset:              %d", _fast_hashcode_offset);
+  st->print_cr(BULLET"fast hashcode shift:               %d", _fast_hashcode_shift);
 }
 
 #undef BULLET
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.hpp
index 63922f20b6f..97ef09a9d54 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/inlineKlass.hpp
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ class InlineKlass: public InstanceKlass {
     //
     // This doesn't always apply, for instance, if there are oops among the fields, we shouldn't carelessly load and compare:
     // the GC might move the object in between.
-    // To signal this fast path cannot be done on this current class, simply put 0 in _fast_acmp_mask.
+    // To signal this fast path cannot be done on this current class, simply put -1 in _fast_acmp_offset.
     //
     // We also should take care of not loading further than the object, even if it means reading part of the header.
     // For this reason, we can't use _payload_offset, but we need our special offset.
@@ -114,6 +114,60 @@ class InlineKlass: public InstanceKlass {
     int _fast_acmp_offset;    // if < 0, fast acmp doesn't apply
     int64_t _fast_acmp_mask;  // can be 0 for empty value classes
 
+    // When we can't intrinsify the identityHashCode, we can still avoid the Java call at runtime if the value object is nice
+    // enough. This fast path basically implements the method ValueObjectMethods::valueObjectHashCode in a special case. This
+    // special case is when there is at most one no-oop segment in the acmp maps, that this segment (if it exists) is 1, 2, 4
+    // or 8 byte long, and there is no oop in the acmp maps. Basically, valueObjectHashCode makes 0 or 1 iteration of the big
+    // outer loop, and one iteration of one of the inner loops. The fast path loads a long at the given offset, isolates the
+    // numeric value we are interested in, and does the arithmetic.
+    //
+    // There are cases:
+    // 1. hashcode fast path doesn't apply: we set _fast_hashcode_offset < 0
+    // 2. the object has no segments (i.e. it is empty): we set _fast_hashcode_offset = 0
+    // 3. the object has one segment: we set _fast_hashcode_offset according to where we should load.
+    //
+    // Alike for the acmp fast path, we must not load further than the object, and we use the same trick as for acmp, and we
+    // load possibly some part of the header. The cases 2. and 3. cannot collide since loading at offset 0 would read only the
+    // header, and no payload.
+    //
+    // But unlike acmp, we need the actual arithmetic value, and resetting irrelevant bits is not correct. To do that, we need
+    // to have a different logic wrt. endianness. Moreover, the fast path needs to handle differently when the segment is 8-byte
+    // long, just as valueObjectHashCode does, while the arithmetic for segments of size 1, 2 or 4 is the same. This is also known
+    // by a endianness-dependent test.
+    int _fast_hashcode_offset;   // if < 0, fast hashcode doesn't apply
+
+    // It turns out we need the same helping data for little and big endian at the moment. Yet, the logic is not quite the same.
+    //
+    // === LITTLE ENDIAN ===
+    // In little endian, the memory layout, with a 4-byte segment whose value (as returned by getInt) would be 0x01 02 03 04. The
+    // memory layout of the object would be something like:
+    //                v- start of payload
+    // ....header.... | 04 03 02 01
+    //    \___________|___________/
+    // Not to load too far, we load at offset "start of payload" - 4, so, we get some header bytes, and we get the long value
+    // 0x01 02 03 04 HH HH HH HH, where HH are header bytes. To get the integer value, we can simply do an arithmetic right shift,
+    // by 4 bytes (32 bits) in this case. By doing an arithmetic right shift, we conserve the mathematical value, even if we cut
+    // higher bits (as long as we leave at least as much as the block we load).
+    //
+    // === BIG ENDIAN ===
+    // In big endian, the memory layout, with a 4-byte segment whose value (as returned by getInt) would be 0x01 02 03 04. The
+    // memory layout of the object would be something like:
+    //                v- start of payload
+    // ....header.... | 01 02 03 04
+    //    \___________|___________/
+    // Not to load too far, we load at offset "start of payload" - 4, so, we get some header bytes, and we get the long value
+    // 0xHH HH HH HH 01 02 03 04, where HH are header bytes. To get the integer value, we can simply so a left shift, which
+    // fills the lower bits with 0, followed by a arithmetic right shift, to preserve the mathematical value. The shift magnitude
+    // is equal to the number of bits we need to discard. In this example, that is 32.
+    //
+    // === COMMON ===
+    // This field is saying by how much we need to shift. Since we keep 1, 2, 4 or 8 bytes, the legal values of _fast_hashcode_shift
+    // are 8 * (8 - (1, 2, 4, 8)) = 8 * (7, 6, 4, 0) = 56, 48, 32, 0.
+    //
+    // The fast path is aware we are loading a long if the shift is 0.
+    // Value is not specified (and does not matter) if _fast_hashcode_offset <= 0
+    int _fast_hashcode_shift;
+
     Members();
 
     void print_on(outputStream* st) const;
@@ -212,6 +266,12 @@ class InlineKlass: public InstanceKlass {
   int64_t fast_acmp_mask() const                              { return members()._fast_acmp_mask; }
   void set_fast_acmp_mask(int64_t mask)                       { members()._fast_acmp_mask = mask; }
 
+  int fast_hashcode_offset() const                            { return members()._fast_hashcode_offset; }
+  void set_fast_hashcode_offset(int offset)                   { members()._fast_hashcode_offset = offset; }
+
+  int fast_hashcode_shift() const                             { return members()._fast_hashcode_shift; }
+  void set_fast_hashcode_shift(int shift)                     { members()._fast_hashcode_shift = shift; }
+
   bool supports_nullable_layouts() const {
     return has_nullable_non_atomic_layout() || has_nullable_atomic_layout();
   }
@@ -339,6 +399,14 @@ class InlineKlass: public InstanceKlass {
     return byte_offset_of(Members, _fast_acmp_mask);
   }
 
+  static ByteSize fast_hashcode_offset_offset() {
+    return byte_offset_of(Members, _fast_hashcode_offset);
+  }
+
+  static ByteSize fast_hashcode_shift_offset() {
+    return byte_offset_of(Members, _fast_hashcode_shift);
+  }
+
   oop null_reset_value() const;
   void set_null_reset_value(oop val);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp
index 3916b20f59a..d2926f4ebb9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.cpp
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
 #include "opto/convertnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/escape.hpp"
 #include "opto/inlinetypenode.hpp"
+#include "opto/library_call.hpp"
 #include "opto/locknode.hpp"
 #include "opto/machnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/matcher.hpp"
@@ -1195,14 +1196,22 @@ Node* CallStaticJavaNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
     }
   }
 
-  // Try to replace the runtime call to the substitutability test emitted by acmp if we can reason
-  // about the operands
-  if (can_reshape && !control()->is_top() && !memory()->is_top() && method() != nullptr &&
-      method()->holder() == phase->C->env()->ValueObjectMethods_klass() &&
-      method()->name() == ciSymbols::isSubstitutable_name()) {
-    Node* res = replace_is_substitutable(phase->is_IterGVN());
-    if (res != nullptr) {
-      return res;
+  if (can_reshape && !control()->is_top() && !memory()->is_top() && method() != nullptr) {
+    if (method()->holder() == phase->C->env()->ValueObjectMethods_klass() &&
+        method()->name() == ciSymbols::isSubstitutable_name()) {
+      // Try to replace the runtime call to the substitutability test emitted by acmp if we can reason
+      // about the operands
+      Node* res = replace_is_substitutable(phase->is_IterGVN());
+      if (res != nullptr) {
+        return res;
+      }
+    } else if (method()->holder() == phase->C->env()->System_klass() &&
+        method()->name() == ciSymbols::identityHashCode_name()) {
+      // Same with identityHashCode
+      Node* res = replace_identity_hash_code(phase->is_IterGVN());
+      if (res != nullptr) {
+        return res;
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -1398,6 +1407,70 @@ bool CallStaticJavaNode::remove_unknown_flat_array_load(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node
   return true;
 }
 
+Node* CallStaticJavaNode::replace_identity_hash_code(PhaseIterGVN* igvn) {
+  Node* arg = in(TypeFunc::Parms);
+  intptr_t klass_hash;
+  if (!InlineTypeNode::can_emit_identity_hash_code(*igvn, arg, klass_hash)) {
+    // We can't expand, but now, maybe we can also tell the fast path won't work
+    const Type* arg_type = igvn->type(arg);
+    if (UseHashcodeFastPath && igvn->type(arg)->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+      ciInlineKlass* vk = arg_type->inline_klass();
+      bool fast_path_wont_work = false;
+      fast_path_wont_work = fast_path_wont_work || vk->number_of_oop_entries_in_acmp_map() > 0;
+      fast_path_wont_work = fast_path_wont_work || vk->number_of_nonoop_entries_in_acmp_map() > 1;
+      if (vk->number_of_nonoop_entries_in_acmp_map() == 1) {
+        int size = vk->get_nonoop_segment_of_acmp_map(0)._size;
+        fast_path_wont_work = fast_path_wont_work || (size != 1 && size != 2 && size != 4 && size != 8);
+      }
+      if (fast_path_wont_work) {
+        IfNode* fast_path_if = LibraryCallKit::hashcode_fast_path_if_from_identity_hash_code_call(igvn, this);
+        if (fast_path_if != nullptr) {
+          fast_path_if->set_req(1, igvn->intcon(1));
+          igvn->_worklist.push(fast_path_if);
+          return this;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  // Delay IGVN during macro expansion
+  assert(!igvn->delay_transform(), "must not delay during Ideal");
+  igvn->set_delay_transform(true);
+  GraphKit kit(this, *igvn);
+
+  Node* replace = InlineTypeNode::emit_identity_hash_code(&kit, arg, klass_hash);
+  igvn->set_delay_transform(false);
+  assert(replace != nullptr, "must succeed");
+
+  if (UseHashcodeFastPath) {
+    // Sabotage the fast hashcode path
+    IfNode* fast_path_if = LibraryCallKit::hashcode_fast_path_if_from_identity_hash_code_call(igvn, this);
+    if (fast_path_if != nullptr) {
+      fast_path_if->set_req(1, igvn->intcon(1));
+      igvn->_worklist.push(fast_path_if);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Kill exception projections and return a tuple that will replace the call
+  CallProjections* projs = extract_projections(false /*separate_io_proj*/);
+  if (projs->fallthrough_catchproj != nullptr) {
+    igvn->replace_node(projs->fallthrough_catchproj, kit.control());
+  }
+  if (projs->catchall_memproj != nullptr) {
+    igvn->replace_node(projs->catchall_memproj, igvn->C->top());
+  }
+  if (projs->catchall_ioproj != nullptr) {
+    igvn->replace_node(projs->catchall_ioproj, igvn->C->top());
+  }
+  if (projs->catchall_catchproj != nullptr) {
+    igvn->replace_node(projs->catchall_catchproj, igvn->C->top());
+  }
+  Node* new_mem = kit.reset_memory();
+  assert(in(TypeFunc::Memory) == new_mem, "must not modify memory");
+  return TupleNode::make(tf()->range_cc(), igvn->C->top(), kit.i_o(), new_mem, kit.frameptr(), kit.returnadr(), replace);
+}
+
 // Try to replace a runtime call to the substitutability test by either a simple pointer comparison
 // if either operand is not a value object, or comparing their fields if either operand is an
 // object of a known value type
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.hpp
index 465d1d429a2..229108614f3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/callnode.hpp
@@ -905,6 +905,7 @@ class CallStaticJavaNode : public CallJavaNode {
 
   bool remove_unknown_flat_array_load(PhaseIterGVN* igvn, Node* ctl, Node* mem, Node* unc_arg);
   Node* replace_is_substitutable(PhaseIterGVN* igvn);
+  Node* replace_identity_hash_code(PhaseIterGVN* igvn);
 
 public:
   CallStaticJavaNode(Compile* C, const TypeFunc* tf, address addr, ciMethod* method)
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
index 8e92471d4df..e12eec30089 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
@@ -1413,7 +1413,7 @@ const TypePtr *Compile::flatten_alias_type( const TypePtr *tj ) const {
 
   // Process weird unsafe references.
   if (offset == Type::OffsetBot && (tj->isa_instptr() /*|| tj->isa_klassptr()*/)) {
-    assert(InlineUnsafeOps || StressReflectiveCode || UseAcmpFastPath, "indeterminate pointers come only from unsafe ops");
+    assert(InlineUnsafeOps || StressReflectiveCode || UseAcmpFastPath || UseHashcodeFastPath, "indeterminate pointers come only from unsafe ops");
     assert(!is_known_inst, "scalarizable allocation should not have unsafe references");
     tj = TypeOopPtr::BOTTOM;
     ptr = tj->ptr();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp
index 9310a721dc6..1c109cb5675 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp
@@ -345,6 +345,7 @@ class GraphKit : public Phase {
   Node* DivI(Node* ctl, Node* l, Node* r)     { return _gvn.transform(new DivINode(ctl, l, r));  }
 
   Node* AndI(Node* l, Node* r)                { return _gvn.transform(new AndINode(l, r));       }
+  Node* AndL(Node* l, Node* r)                { return _gvn.transform(new AndLNode(l, r));       }
   Node* OrI(Node* l, Node* r)                 { return _gvn.transform(new OrINode(l, r));        }
   Node* XorI(Node* l, Node* r)                { return _gvn.transform(new XorINode(l, r));       }
 
@@ -352,13 +353,20 @@ class GraphKit : public Phase {
   Node* MinI(Node* l, Node* r)                { return _gvn.transform(new MinINode(l, r));       }
 
   Node* LShiftI(Node* l, Node* r)             { return _gvn.transform(new LShiftINode(l, r));    }
+  Node* LShiftL(Node* l, Node* r)             { return _gvn.transform(new LShiftLNode(l, r));    }
   Node* RShiftI(Node* l, Node* r)             { return _gvn.transform(new RShiftINode(l, r));    }
+  Node* RShiftL(Node* l, Node* r)             { return _gvn.transform(new RShiftLNode(l, r));    }
   Node* URShiftI(Node* l, Node* r)            { return _gvn.transform(new URShiftINode(l, r));   }
+  Node* URShiftL(Node* l, Node* r)            { return _gvn.transform(new URShiftLNode(l, r));   }
+  Node* URShiftX(Node* l, Node* r)            { return _gvn.transform(new URShiftXNode(l, r));   }
 
   Node* CmpI(Node* l, Node* r)                { return _gvn.transform(new CmpINode(l, r));       }
   Node* CmpL(Node* l, Node* r)                { return _gvn.transform(new CmpLNode(l, r));       }
   Node* CmpP(Node* l, Node* r)                { return _gvn.transform(new CmpPNode(l, r));       }
   Node* Bool(Node* cmp, BoolTest::mask relop) { return _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(cmp, relop)); }
+  Node* BoolCmpI(Node* l, BoolTest::mask relop, Node* r)       { return Bool(CmpI(l, r), relop); }
+  Node* BoolCmpL(Node* l, BoolTest::mask relop, Node* r)       { return Bool(CmpL(l, r), relop); }
+  Node* BoolCmpP(Node* l, BoolTest::mask relop, Node* r)       { return Bool(CmpP(l, r), relop); }
 
   Node* AddP(Node* b, Node* a, Node* o)       { return _gvn.transform(AddPNode::make_with_base(b, a, o)); }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.cpp
index 2f550fec89f..48dc5ec1562 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.cpp
@@ -1021,6 +1021,115 @@ Node* InlineTypeNode::emit_substitutability_check(GraphKit* kit, Node* lhs, Node
   return result;
 }
 
+// Check if identityHashCode of 'arg' can be implemented in IR.
+// Set klass_hash to be used as the seed of the hash. It might not be available later,
+// and we want emit_identity_hash_code not to fail on that.
+bool InlineTypeNode::can_emit_identity_hash_code(const PhaseIterGVN& igvn, Node* arg, intptr_t& klass_hash) {
+  const Type* arg_type = igvn.type(arg);
+  if (arg_type == TypePtr::NULL_PTR) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (!arg_type->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  ciInlineKlass* vk = arg_type->inline_klass();
+  if (vk->number_of_oop_entries_in_acmp_map() > 0) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  klass_hash = vk->java_mirror()->hash();
+  if (klass_hash == markWord::no_hash) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+Node* InlineTypeNode::emit_identity_hash_code(GraphKit* kit, Node* arg, intptr_t klass_hash) {
+  if (!kit->C->allow_macro_nodes()) {
+    // After macro expansion, InlineTypeNodes are also eliminated, creation of new ones then is not
+    // allowed
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  PhaseIterGVN& igvn = *kit->gvn().is_IterGVN();
+
+  RegionNode* region = new RegionNode(1);
+  PhiNode* phi_result = new PhiNode(region, TypeInt::INT);
+  igvn.register_new_node_with_optimizer(region);
+  igvn.register_new_node_with_optimizer(phi_result);
+
+  Node* null_ctl = kit->top();
+  arg = kit->null_check_oop(arg, &null_ctl, false, false, false);
+  if (!null_ctl->is_top()) {
+    region->add_req(null_ctl);
+    phi_result->add_req(kit->intcon(0));
+  }
+  const Type* arg_type = igvn.type(arg);
+  if (arg_type->empty()) {
+    kit->set_control(region);
+    return phi_result;
+  }
+
+  assert(arg_type->is_inlinetypeptr(), "should be a value object at this point");
+  assert(!arg_type->maybe_null(), "must check null beforehand");
+  ciInlineKlass* vk = arg_type->inline_klass();
+  int number_of_nonoop_entries = vk->number_of_nonoop_entries_in_acmp_map();
+  assert(vk->number_of_oop_entries_in_acmp_map() == 0, "cannot have oops here");
+
+  auto make_load = [&](int offset, const Type* type, BasicType bt) -> Node* {
+    Node* adr = kit->basic_plus_adr(arg, offset);
+    ciField* field = vk->get_field_by_offset(offset, false);
+    // If the load is by chance not a mismatch, let's mark it so. This way, loading the field can be simplified
+    bool is_mismatch = field == nullptr || field->type()->basic_type() != bt;
+    if (bt == T_BYTE && field != nullptr && field->type()->basic_type() == T_BOOLEAN) {
+      is_mismatch = false;
+      bt = T_BOOLEAN;
+      type = TypeInt::BOOL;
+    }
+    return kit->make_load(kit->control(), adr, type, bt, MemNode::unordered, LoadNode::DependsOnlyOnTest, false, false, is_mismatch, is_mismatch);
+  };
+
+  Node* const thirty_one = kit->intcon(31);
+  Node* result = kit->intcon(checked_cast<jint>(klass_hash));
+  for (int i = 0; i < number_of_nonoop_entries; i++) {
+    AcmpMapSegment segment = vk->get_nonoop_segment_of_acmp_map(i);
+    int offset = segment._offset;
+    int size = segment._size;
+    int nlong = size / 8;
+    for (int j = 0; j < nlong; j++) {
+      Node* la = make_load(offset, TypeLong::LONG, T_LONG);
+      result = kit->AddI(kit->MulI(thirty_one, result), kit->ConvL2I(la));
+      result = kit->AddI(kit->MulI(thirty_one, result), kit->ConvL2I(kit->URShiftL(la, kit->intcon(32))));
+      offset += 8;
+    }
+    size -= nlong * 8;
+    int nint = size / 4;
+    for (int j = 0; j < nint; j++) {
+      Node* ia = make_load(offset, TypeInt::INT, T_INT);
+      result = kit->AddI(kit->MulI(thirty_one, result), ia);
+      offset += 4;
+    }
+    size -= nint * 4;
+    int nshort = size / 2;
+    for (int j = 0; j < nshort; j++) {
+      Node* sa = make_load(offset, TypeInt::SHORT, T_SHORT);
+      result = kit->AddI(kit->MulI(thirty_one, result), sa);
+      offset += 2;
+    }
+    size -= nshort * 2;
+    for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+      Node* ba = make_load(offset, TypeInt::BYTE, T_BYTE);
+      result = kit->AddI(kit->MulI(thirty_one, result), ba);
+      offset++;
+    }
+  }
+  result = kit->AndI(result, kit->intcon(markWord::hash_mask));
+
+  region->add_req(kit->control());
+  phi_result->add_req(result);
+
+  kit->set_control(region);
+  return phi_result;
+}
+
 InlineTypeNode* InlineTypeNode::buffer(GraphKit* kit, bool safe_for_replace) {
   if (is_allocated(&kit->gvn())) {
     // Already buffered
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.hpp
index 3c1dea99ba6..1ef4ebd007b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/inlinetypenode.hpp
@@ -135,6 +135,10 @@ class InlineTypeNode : public TypeNode {
   static bool can_emit_substitutability_check(PhaseGVN* phase, Node* lhs, Node* rhs);
   static Node* emit_substitutability_check(GraphKit* kit, Node* lhs, Node* rhs);
 
+  // Implementation of identityHashCode for value classes with restrictions (e.g. no oops)
+  static bool can_emit_identity_hash_code(const PhaseIterGVN& igvn, Node* arg, intptr_t& klass_hash);
+  static Node* emit_identity_hash_code(GraphKit* kit, Node* arg, intptr_t klass_hash);
+
   // Allocates the inline type (if not yet allocated)
   InlineTypeNode* buffer(GraphKit* kit, bool safe_for_replace = true);
   bool is_allocated(PhaseGVN* phase) const;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
index 0fa509d5052..5945f6f072e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
@@ -5495,11 +5495,67 @@ LibraryCallKit::generate_method_call(vmIntrinsicID method_id, bool is_virtual, b
  * be virtual (invokevirtual) or bound (invokespecial). For each case we generate
  * slightly different code.
  */
+Node* LibraryCallKit::get_hashcode_from_header(Node* header, RegionNode* unset_region) {
+  // Get the hash value and check to see that it has been properly assigned.
+  // We depend on hash_mask being at most 32 bits and avoid the use of
+  // hash_mask_in_place because it could be larger than 32 bits in a 64-bit
+  // vm: see markWord.hpp.
+  Node* hash_mask = _gvn.intcon(markWord::hash_mask);
+  Node* hash_shift = _gvn.intcon(markWord::hash_shift);
+  Node* hshifted_header = _gvn.transform(new URShiftXNode(header, hash_shift));
+  // This hack lets the hash bits live anywhere in the mark object now, as long
+  // as the shift drops the relevant bits into the low 32 bits.  Note that
+  // Java spec says that HashCode is an int so there's no point in capturing
+  // an 'X'-sized hashcode (32 in 32-bit build or 64 in 64-bit build).
+  hshifted_header = ConvX2I(hshifted_header);
+  Node* hash_val = _gvn.transform(new AndINode(hshifted_header, hash_mask));
+
+  Node* no_hash_val = _gvn.intcon(markWord::no_hash);
+  Node* chk_assigned = _gvn.transform(new CmpINode( hash_val, no_hash_val));
+  Node* test_assigned = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode( chk_assigned, BoolTest::eq));
+
+  generate_slow_guard(test_assigned, unset_region);
+
+  return hash_val;
+}
+
+/* The overall logic is something like
+ *
+ * null_path:
+ * if receiver is null {
+ *   if static { return 0 } else { null pointer exception }
+ * }
+ *
+ * cache_path:
+ * if header is not safe to read { goto inline_fast_path }
+ * hash = read_hash_from_header()
+ * if hash is empty { goto inline_fast_path }
+ * return hash
+ *
+ * inline_fast_path:
+ * if not static { goto slow }
+ * if not value object { goto slow }
+ * if value klass has no fast path { goto slow }
+ * if klass header is not safe to read { goto slow }
+ * k_hash = read_hash_from_klass_header()
+ * if k_hash is empty { goto slow }
+ * return fast_hashcode_path (see InlineKlass::Members::_fast_hashcode_offset et seqq. for details on how this is computed)
+ *
+ * slow:
+ * runtime call to hash function (this may be replaced with the expanded form during IGVN. See CallStaticJavaNode::replace_identity_hash_code)
+ *
+ */
 bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_hashcode(bool is_virtual, bool is_static) {
   assert(is_static == callee()->is_static(), "correct intrinsic selection");
   assert(!(is_virtual && is_static), "either virtual, special, or static");
 
-  enum { _slow_path = 1, _fast_path, _null_path, PATH_LIMIT };
+  enum {
+    _slow_path = 1,  // Actually perform the runtime call
+    _cache_path,  // Get the hash from the header
+    _null_path,  // If object is null, hash is 0.
+    _inline_fast_path,  // Fast path for value objects only (see InlineKlass::Members::_fast_hashcode_offset et seqq.)
+    PATH_LIMIT,
+  };
 
   RegionNode* result_reg = new RegionNode(PATH_LIMIT);
   PhiNode*    result_val = new PhiNode(result_reg, TypeInt::INT);
@@ -5507,10 +5563,11 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_hashcode(bool is_virtual, bool is_static) {
   PhiNode*    result_mem = new PhiNode(result_reg, Type::MEMORY, TypePtr::BOTTOM);
   Node* obj = argument(0);
 
-  // Don't intrinsify hashcode on inline types for now.
-  // The "is locked" runtime check also subsumes the inline type check (as inline types cannot be locked) and goes to the slow path.
-  if (gvn().type(obj)->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
-    return false;
+  if (obj->is_InlineType()) {
+    PreserveReexecuteState preexecs(this);
+    inc_sp(2);
+    jvms()->set_should_reexecute(true);
+    obj = obj->as_InlineType()->buffer(this);
   }
 
   if (!is_static) {
@@ -5536,10 +5593,13 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_hashcode(bool is_virtual, bool is_static) {
     return true;
   }
 
-  // We only go to the fast case code if we pass a number of guards.  The
-  // paths which do not pass are accumulated in the slow_region.
+  // We only go to the cache case code if we pass a number of guards. The paths which do
+  // not pass are accumulated in the inline_fast_path_region. The compute region tries
+  // to use the fast path for inline types. That also needs a lot of guards to be met.
+  // The paths which do not pass are accumulated in the slow_region, where we do the
+  // runtime call, which is the last resort.
+  RegionNode* inline_fast_path_region = new RegionNode(1);
   RegionNode* slow_region = new RegionNode(1);
-  record_for_igvn(slow_region);
 
   // If this is a virtual call, we generate a funny guard.  We pull out
   // the vtable entry corresponding to hashCode() from the target object.
@@ -5547,9 +5607,9 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_hashcode(bool is_virtual, bool is_static) {
   // Object hashCode() method, we pass the guard.  We do not need this
   // guard for non-virtual calls -- the caller is known to be the native
   // Object hashCode().
+  // After null check, get the object's klass.
+  Node* obj_klass = load_object_klass(obj);
   if (is_virtual) {
-    // After null check, get the object's klass.
-    Node* obj_klass = load_object_klass(obj);
     generate_virtual_guard(obj_klass, slow_region);
   }
 
@@ -5560,35 +5620,94 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_hashcode(bool is_virtual, bool is_static) {
   Node* no_ctrl = nullptr;
   Node* header = make_load(no_ctrl, header_addr, TypeX_X, TypeX_X->basic_type(), MemNode::unordered);
 
-  // Get the hash value and check to see that it has been properly assigned.
-  // We depend on hash_mask being at most 32 bits and avoid the use of
-  // hash_mask_in_place because it could be larger than 32 bits in a 64-bit
-  // vm: see markWord.hpp.
-  Node *hash_mask      = _gvn.intcon(markWord::hash_mask);
-  Node *hash_shift     = _gvn.intcon(markWord::hash_shift);
-  Node *hshifted_header= _gvn.transform(new URShiftXNode(header, hash_shift));
-  // This hack lets the hash bits live anywhere in the mark object now, as long
-  // as the shift drops the relevant bits into the low 32 bits.  Note that
-  // Java spec says that HashCode is an int so there's no point in capturing
-  // an 'X'-sized hashcode (32 in 32-bit build or 64 in 64-bit build).
-  hshifted_header      = ConvX2I(hshifted_header);
-  Node *hash_val       = _gvn.transform(new AndINode(hshifted_header, hash_mask));
+  Node* hash_val = get_hashcode_from_header(header, inline_fast_path_region);
 
-  Node *no_hash_val    = _gvn.intcon(markWord::no_hash);
-  Node *chk_assigned   = _gvn.transform(new CmpINode( hash_val, no_hash_val));
-  Node *test_assigned  = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode( chk_assigned, BoolTest::eq));
+  result_val->init_req(_cache_path, hash_val);
+  result_reg->init_req(_cache_path, control());
 
-  generate_slow_guard(test_assigned, slow_region);
+  set_control(_gvn.transform(inline_fast_path_region));
+  IfNode* fast_path_iff = nullptr;
+  if (!stopped()) {
+    if (UseHashcodeFastPath && is_static && !_gvn.type(obj)->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+      Node* is_not_value = inline_type_test(obj, false);
+      generate_fair_guard(is_not_value, slow_region);
+      if (!stopped()) {
+        // See InlineKlass::Members::_fast_hashcode_offset et seqq. for details on the fast path logic
+        Node* members_addr = off_heap_plus_addr(obj_klass, in_bytes(InlineKlass::adr_members_offset()));
+        Node* members = make_load(control(), members_addr, TypeRawPtr::BOTTOM, T_ADDRESS, MemNode::unordered);
+        Node* offset_addr = off_heap_plus_addr(members, in_bytes(InlineKlass::fast_hashcode_offset_offset()));
+        Node* offset = make_load(control(), offset_addr, TypeInt::INT, T_INT, MemNode::unordered);
+        Node* bol_no_fast_path = BoolCmpI(offset, BoolTest::lt, zerocon(T_INT));
+        generate_slow_guard(bol_no_fast_path, slow_region);
+        if (!stopped()) {
+          if (control()->is_IfFalse()) {
+            fast_path_iff = control()->in(0)->as_If();
+          }
+          Node* klass_header_addr = off_heap_plus_addr(load_mirror_from_klass(obj_klass), oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes());
+          Node* klass_header = make_load(no_ctrl, klass_header_addr, TypeX_X, TypeX_X->basic_type(), MemNode::unordered);
+          Node* result_empty = get_hashcode_from_header(klass_header, slow_region);
+          if (!stopped()) {
+            // Now that we know fast path applies, there are 3 cases to distinguish here,
+            // that unmasked_region/unmasked_result merge:
+            // 1. the object has no segment, the hash is simply the hash of the class object
+            // 2. the object has one segment of size smaller than 8 (1, 2, 4)
+            // 3. the object has one segment of size 8 (long-sized)
+            // See inlineKlass.hpp on why and how to tell them apart.
+            RegionNode* unmasked_region = new RegionNode(4);
+            Node* unmasked_result = new PhiNode(unmasked_region, TypeInt::INT);
+
+            // Case 1. no segment
+            Node* bol_empty_object = BoolCmpI(offset, BoolTest::eq, zerocon(T_INT));
+            IfNode* iff_is_empty_object = create_and_map_if(control(), bol_empty_object, PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
+            unmasked_region->init_req(1, IfTrue(iff_is_empty_object));
+            unmasked_result->init_req(1, result_empty);
+
+            set_control(IfFalse(iff_is_empty_object));
+
+            Node* obj_payload_addr = basic_plus_adr(obj, ConvI2L(offset));
+            Node* obj_payload = make_load(control(), obj_payload_addr, TypeLong::LONG, T_LONG, MemNode::unordered, LoadNNode::DependsOnlyOnTest, false, true, true, true);
+
+            Node* shift_addr = off_heap_plus_addr(members, in_bytes(InlineKlass::fast_hashcode_shift_offset()));
+            Node* shift = make_load(control(), shift_addr, TypeInt::INT, T_INT, MemNode::unordered);
+#ifdef VM_LITTLE_ENDIAN
+            // *(obj + offset) >> shift
+            Node* obj_extracted = RShiftL(obj_payload, shift);
+#else
+            // (*(obj + offset) << shift) >> shift
+            Node* obj_payload_left_shifted = LShiftL(obj_payload, shift);
+            Node* obj_extracted = RShiftL(obj_payload_left_shifted, shift);
+#endif
+            Node* is_long_payload_bol = BoolCmpI(shift, BoolTest::eq, intcon(0));
+            IfNode* iff_is_long_payload = create_and_map_if(control(), is_long_payload_bol, PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
+
+            // Case 2. one segment, less than 8-byte long
+            Node* result_int = AddI(MulI(intcon(31), result_empty), ConvL2I(obj_extracted));
+            unmasked_region->init_req(2, IfFalse(iff_is_long_payload));
+            unmasked_result->init_req(2, result_int);
+
+            // Case 3. one segment, 8-byte long
+            Node* result_long = AddI(MulI(intcon(31), result_int), ConvL2I(URShiftL(obj_extracted, intcon(32))));
+            unmasked_region->init_req(3, IfTrue(iff_is_long_payload));
+            unmasked_result->init_req(3, result_long);
+
+            Node* fast_path_result = AndI(_gvn.transform(unmasked_result), intcon(markWord::hash_mask));
+            result_reg->init_req(_inline_fast_path, _gvn.transform(unmasked_region));
+            result_val->init_req(_inline_fast_path, fast_path_result);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      slow_region->add_req(control());
+    }
+  }
 
   Node* init_mem = reset_memory();
-  // fill in the rest of the null path:
   result_io ->init_req(_null_path, i_o());
   result_mem->init_req(_null_path, init_mem);
-
-  result_val->init_req(_fast_path, hash_val);
-  result_reg->init_req(_fast_path, control());
-  result_io ->init_req(_fast_path, i_o());
-  result_mem->init_req(_fast_path, init_mem);
+  result_io ->init_req(_cache_path, i_o());
+  result_mem->init_req(_cache_path, init_mem);
+  result_io  ->set_req(_inline_fast_path, i_o());
+  result_mem ->set_req(_inline_fast_path, init_mem);
 
   // Generate code for the slow case.  We make a call to hashCode().
   set_control(_gvn.transform(slow_region));
@@ -5597,7 +5716,9 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_hashcode(bool is_virtual, bool is_static) {
     set_all_memory(init_mem);
     vmIntrinsics::ID hashCode_id = is_static ? vmIntrinsics::_identityHashCode : vmIntrinsics::_hashCode;
     CallJavaNode* slow_call = generate_method_call(hashCode_id, is_virtual, is_static, false);
+    slow_call->set_req(TypeFunc::Parms, obj);  // This obj is not null
     Node* slow_result = set_results_for_java_call(slow_call);
+    assert(hashcode_fast_path_if_from_identity_hash_code_call(&_gvn, slow_call) == fast_path_iff, "");
     // this->control() comes from set_results_for_java_call
     result_reg->init_req(_slow_path, control());
     result_val->init_req(_slow_path, slow_result);
@@ -5612,6 +5733,73 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_hashcode(bool is_virtual, bool is_static) {
   set_result(result_reg, result_val);
   return true;
 }
+IfNode* LibraryCallKit::hashcode_fast_path_if_from_identity_hash_code_call(PhaseGVN* phase, CallJavaNode* call) {
+  auto is_con_offset = [](Node* node, ByteSize n) -> bool {
+    if (!node->is_Con()) return false;
+    TypeNode* con = node->as_Type();
+    assert(con->type()->is_intptr_t(), "");
+    return con->type()->is_intptr_t()->is_con(in_bytes(n));
+  };
+
+  assert(call->in(TypeFunc::Control) != nullptr, "");
+  if (!call->in(TypeFunc::Control)->is_Region()) return nullptr;
+  RegionNode* region = call->in(TypeFunc::Control)->as_Region();
+  for (uint i = 1; i < region->req(); i++) {
+    assert(region->in(i) != nullptr, "");
+    if (!region->in(i)->is_IfProj()) continue;
+    IfProjNode* if_proj = region->in(i)->as_IfProj();
+    if (if_proj->_con != 1) continue;
+
+    assert(if_proj->in(0) != nullptr, "");
+    assert(if_proj->in(0)->is_If(), "");
+    IfNode* iff = if_proj->in(0)->as_If();
+
+    assert(iff->in(1) != nullptr, "");
+    if (!iff->in(1)->is_Bool()) continue;
+    BoolNode* lt = iff->in(1)->as_Bool();
+    if (lt->_test._test != BoolTest::lt) continue;
+
+    assert(lt->in(1) != nullptr, "");
+    if (lt->in(1)->Opcode() != Op_CmpI) continue;
+    CmpNode* cmp_i = lt->in(1)->as_Cmp();
+
+    assert(cmp_i->in(1) != nullptr, "");
+    assert(cmp_i->in(2) != nullptr, "");
+
+    if (cmp_i->in(1)->Opcode() != Op_LoadI) continue;
+    LoadNode* load_offset = cmp_i->in(1)->as_Load();
+    if (!cmp_i->in(2)->is_ConI()) continue;
+    ConINode* zero_i = cmp_i->in(2)->as_ConI();
+    assert(zero_i->type()->is_int() != nullptr, "");
+    if (!zero_i->type()->is_int()->is_con(0)) continue;
+
+    assert(load_offset->in(2) != nullptr, "");
+    if (!load_offset->in(2)->is_AddP()) continue;
+    AddPNode* offset_addr_add = load_offset->in(2)->as_AddP();
+
+    assert(offset_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Base) != nullptr, "");
+    assert(offset_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Address) != nullptr, "");
+    assert(offset_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Offset) != nullptr, "");
+    if (!offset_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Base)->is_top()) continue;
+    if (offset_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Address)->Opcode() != Op_LoadP) continue;
+    LoadNode* load_members = offset_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Address)->as_Load();
+    if (!is_con_offset(offset_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Offset), InlineKlass::fast_hashcode_offset_offset())) continue;
+
+    assert(load_members->in(2) != nullptr, "");
+    if (!load_members->in(2)->is_AddP()) continue;
+    AddPNode* members_addr_add = load_members->in(2)->as_AddP();
+
+    assert(members_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Base) != nullptr, "");
+    assert(members_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Address) != nullptr, "");
+    assert(members_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Offset) != nullptr, "");
+    if (!members_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Base)->is_top()) continue;
+    if (!phase->type(members_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Address))->isa_instklassptr()) continue;
+    if (!is_con_offset(members_addr_add->in(AddPNode::Offset), InlineKlass::adr_members_offset())) continue;
+
+    return iff;
+  }
+  return nullptr;
+}
 
 //---------------------------inline_native_getClass----------------------------
 // public final native Class<?> java.lang.Object.getClass();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.hpp
index 7e3d65060d9..ce9735cc174 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.hpp
@@ -312,7 +312,11 @@ class LibraryCallKit : public GraphKit {
   bool inline_native_clone(bool is_virtual);
   bool inline_native_Reflection_getCallerClass();
   // Helper function for inlining native object hash method
+  Node* get_hashcode_from_header(Node* header, RegionNode* unset_region);
   bool inline_native_hashcode(bool is_virtual, bool is_static);
+public:
+  static IfNode* hashcode_fast_path_if_from_identity_hash_code_call(PhaseGVN* phase, CallJavaNode* call);
+private:
   bool inline_native_getClass();
 
   // Helper functions for inlining arraycopy
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
index 3b824d81087..9c194774421 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
@@ -2338,11 +2338,10 @@ void Parse::do_acmp(BoolTest::mask btest, Node* left, Node* right) {
     Node* offset_addr = off_heap_plus_addr(members, in_bytes(InlineKlass::fast_acmp_offset_offset()));
     Node* offset = make_load(control(), offset_addr, TypeInt::INT, T_INT, MemNode::unordered);
 
-    Node* offset_cmp = CmpI(offset, zerocon(T_INT));
-    Node* offset_bol = _gvn.transform(new BoolNode(offset_cmp, BoolTest::lt));
+    Node* offset_bol = BoolCmpI(offset, BoolTest::lt, zerocon(T_INT));
     mask_iff = create_and_map_if(control(), offset_bol, PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
-    Node* slow_path_ctl = _gvn.transform(new IfTrueNode(mask_iff));
-    Node* fast_path_ctl = _gvn.transform(new IfFalseNode(mask_iff));
+    Node* slow_path_ctl = IfTrue(mask_iff);
+    Node* fast_path_ctl = IfFalse(mask_iff);
     set_control(slow_path_ctl);
 
     {
@@ -2356,11 +2355,11 @@ void Parse::do_acmp(BoolTest::mask btest, Node* left, Node* right) {
       // *(left + offset) & mask == *(right + offset) & mask
       Node* left_payload_addr = basic_plus_adr(not_null_left, offset_l);
       Node* left_payload = make_load(control(), left_payload_addr, TypeLong::LONG, T_LONG, MemNode::unordered, LoadNNode::DependsOnlyOnTest, false, true, true, true);
-      Node* left_masked = _gvn.transform(new AndLNode(left_payload, fast_acmp_mask));
+      Node* left_masked = AndL(left_payload, fast_acmp_mask);
 
       Node* right_payload_addr = basic_plus_adr(not_null_right, offset_l);
       Node* right_payload = make_load(control(), right_payload_addr, TypeLong::LONG, T_LONG, MemNode::unordered, LoadNNode::DependsOnlyOnTest, false, true, true, true);
-      Node* right_masked = _gvn.transform(new AndLNode(right_payload, fast_acmp_mask));
+      Node* right_masked = AndL(right_payload, fast_acmp_mask);
 
       Node* masked_cmp = CmpL(left_masked, right_masked);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp
index 2cd0c6bbdd2..003e2d0fbfa 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/arguments.cpp
@@ -3518,6 +3518,7 @@ jint Arguments::apply_ergo() {
     DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening);
     DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(UseNullableNonAtomicValueFlattening);
     DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(UseAcmpFastPath);
+    DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(UseHashcodeFastPath);
     DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(PrintInlineLayout);
     DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(PrintFlatArrayLayout);
     DISABLE_FLAG_AND_WARN_IF_NOT_DEFAULT(IgnoreAssertUnsetFields);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
index 295e92018ee..edfcf2e5362 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/globals.hpp
@@ -2029,6 +2029,9 @@ const int ObjectAlignmentInBytes = 8;
                                                                             \
   product(bool, UseAcmpFastPath, true, DIAGNOSTIC,                          \
           "Use fast path for acmp.")                                        \
+                                                                            \
+  product(bool, UseHashcodeFastPath, true, DIAGNOSTIC,                      \
+          "Use fast path for identityHashCode.")                            \
 
 // end of RUNTIME_FLAGS
 
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/runtime/ValueObjectMethods.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/runtime/ValueObjectMethods.java
index 7c833ad633b..80ce42a8814 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/runtime/ValueObjectMethods.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/runtime/ValueObjectMethods.java
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ private static int valueObjectHashCode(Object obj) {
         if (VERBOSE) {
             System.out.println("valueObjectHashCode: obj.getClass:" + obj.getClass().getName());
         }
-        // This method assumes a is not null and is an instance of a value class
+        // This method assumes obj is not null and is an instance of a value class
         Class<?> type = obj.getClass();
         final Unsafe U = UNSAFE;
         int[] map = U.getFieldMap(type);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java
index 9c19ed4c8ef..9f1687e8cfd 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java
@@ -446,11 +446,15 @@ private boolean check(String flag, String value) {
             TestFormat.failNoThrow("Provided empty flag" + failAt());
             return false;
         }
+        Object actualFlagValue = WHITE_BOX.getStringVMFlag(flag);
+        if (actualFlagValue != null) {
+            return value.equals(actualFlagValue);
+        }
         if (value.isEmpty()) {
             TestFormat.failNoThrow("Provided empty value for flag " + flag + failAt());
             return false;
         }
-        Object actualFlagValue = WHITE_BOX.getBooleanVMFlag(flag);
+        actualFlagValue = WHITE_BOX.getBooleanVMFlag(flag);
         if (actualFlagValue != null) {
             return checkBooleanFlag(flag, value, (Boolean) actualFlagValue);
         }
@@ -462,10 +466,6 @@ private boolean check(String flag, String value) {
         if (actualFlagValue != null) {
             return checkFlag(Double::parseDouble, "floating point", flag, value, (Double) actualFlagValue);
         }
-        actualFlagValue = WHITE_BOX.getStringVMFlag(flag);
-        if (actualFlagValue != null) {
-            return value.equals(actualFlagValue);
-        }
         if (flag.equals("enable-valhalla")) {
             return checkBooleanFlag(flag, value, Integer.class.isValue());
         }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestHashcodeFastPath.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestHashcodeFastPath.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1238ccc37b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestHashcodeFastPath.java
@@ -0,0 +1,719 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=0-fast
+ * @summary Test hashcode fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class} 0:fast
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=1-fast
+ * @summary Test hashcode fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class} 1:fast
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=2-fast
+ * @summary Test hashcode fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class} 2:fast
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=3-fast
+ * @summary Test hashcode fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class} 3:fast
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=4-fast
+ * @summary Test hashcode fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class} 4:fast
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=5-fast
+ * @summary Test hashcode fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class} 5:fast
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=6-fast
+ * @summary Test hashcode fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class} 6:fast
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=0-nofast
+ * @summary Test hashcode fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class} 0:nofast
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=1-nofast
+ * @summary Test hashcode fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class} 1:nofast
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=2-nofast
+ * @summary Test hashcode fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class} 2:nofast
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=3-nofast
+ * @summary Test hashcode fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class} 3:nofast
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=4-nofast
+ * @summary Test hashcode fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class} 4:nofast
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=5-nofast
+ * @summary Test hashcode fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class} 5:nofast
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=6-nofast
+ * @summary Test hashcode fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class} 6:nofast
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=0-fast-nointrinsics
+ * @summary Test hashcode fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class} 0:fast:nointrinsics
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=0-nofast-nointrinsics
+ * @summary Test hashcode fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class} 0:nofast:nointrinsics
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=1-fast-nointrinsics
+ * @summary Test hashcode fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class} 1:fast:nointrinsics
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=1-nofast-nointrinsics
+ * @summary Test hashcode fast path with value classes
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64")
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main ${test.main.class} 1:nofast:nointrinsics
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import static compiler.lib.generators.Generators.G;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+import static compiler.lib.ir_framework.IRNode.*;
+
+public class TestHashcodeFastPath {
+    record RunSettings(int scenario, boolean useHashCodeFastPath, boolean disableIntrinsics) {}
+
+    static boolean parseBooleanSetting(String[] pieces, int idx, String false_str, String true_str, boolean def) {
+        if (pieces.length > idx) {
+            String piece = pieces[idx];
+            if(piece.equals(false_str)) {
+                return false;
+            } else if(piece.equals(true_str)) {
+                return true;
+            } else {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Unknown setting: " + piece);
+            }
+        } else {
+            return def;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static RunSettings parseSetting(String arg) {
+        String[] pieces = arg.split(":");
+
+        int scenario = Integer.parseInt(pieces[0]);
+
+        boolean useHashCodeFastPath = parseBooleanSetting(pieces, 1, "nofast", "fast", true);
+        boolean disableIntrinsics = parseBooleanSetting(pieces, 2, "intrinsics", "nointrinsics", false);
+
+        return new RunSettings(scenario, useHashCodeFastPath, disableIntrinsics);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Scenario[] scenarios = InlineTypes.DEFAULT_SCENARIOS;
+        RunSettings settings = parseSetting(args[0]);
+        Scenario scenario = scenarios[settings.scenario];
+        if (!settings.useHashCodeFastPath) {
+            scenario.addFlags("-XX:-UseHashcodeFastPath");
+        }
+        if (settings.disableIntrinsics) {
+            scenario.addFlags("-XX:DisableIntrinsic=_identityHashCode");
+        }
+        scenario.addFlags("-XX:CompileCommand=exclude,*::h");
+        InlineTypes.getFramework()
+                .addScenarios(scenario)
+                .start();
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class UniquelyDerivedBase {
+    }
+    static value class UniqueDerived extends UniquelyDerivedBase {
+        byte b;
+        UniqueDerived(byte b) {
+            this.b = b;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static abstract value class MultiplyDerivedBase {
+    }
+    static value class Derived extends MultiplyDerivedBase {
+        byte b;
+        Derived(byte b) {
+            this.b = b;
+        }
+    }
+    // Prevents Derived from being the only concrete class under MultiplyDerivedBase
+    static value class EvilDerived extends MultiplyDerivedBase {
+        byte b;
+        EvilDerived(byte b) {
+            this.b = b;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class DerivedWrapper {
+        short s;
+        Derived b;
+        DerivedWrapper(byte b, short s) {
+            this.b = new Derived(b);
+            this.s = s;
+        }
+    }
+
+    value record ShortWrapper(short s) {}
+
+    static abstract value class AbstractShort {
+        ShortWrapper s;
+        AbstractShort(int s) {
+            this.s = new ShortWrapper((short)s);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return "AbstractShort(" + s + ")";
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class ShortWithInt extends AbstractShort {
+        int i;
+        ShortWithInt(int s, int i) {
+            this.i = i;
+            super(s);
+        }
+        public String toString() {
+            return "ShortWithInt(s=" + s.s + ", i=" + i + ")";
+        }
+    }
+
+    static value class Empty {}
+
+
+
+    static value class LongLong {
+        long s;
+        long b;
+        LongLong(long s, long b) {
+            this.s = s;
+            this.b = b;
+        }
+    }
+    static value class WithOop {
+        String s;
+        WithOop(String s) {
+            this.s = s;
+        }
+    }
+
+    int h(Object o) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(o);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {
+            "h_object",
+            "h_unique_derived",
+            "h_uniquely_derived_base",
+            "h_derived",
+            "h_base",
+            "h_derived_hidden_type",
+            "h_short_with_int",
+            "h_short_with_int_hidden_type",
+            "h_with_oop",
+            "h_with_oop_hidden_type",
+    })
+    @Warmup(0)  // We want to prevent profiling
+    public void run() {
+        var wrapper = new DerivedWrapper((byte)0, (short)0xa2a1);
+        var wrapper_ = new DerivedWrapper((byte)0, (short)0xa2a1);
+
+        var derived1 = new Derived((byte)0);
+        var derived_ = new Derived((byte)0);
+        var evilDerived1 = new EvilDerived((byte)1);  // Force class loading
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_object(null), h(null));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_object(null), 0);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_object(wrapper), h(wrapper_));
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_derived(derived1), h(derived_));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_base(derived1), h(derived_));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_derived_hidden_type(derived1), h(derived_));
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_base(evilDerived1), h(evilDerived1));
+
+        var uniqueDerived = new UniqueDerived((byte)0);
+        var uniqueDerived_ = new UniqueDerived((byte)0);
+
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_object(uniqueDerived), h(uniqueDerived_));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_unique_derived(uniqueDerived), h(uniqueDerived_));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_uniquely_derived_base(uniqueDerived), h(uniqueDerived_));
+
+        var swi = new ShortWithInt(0, 1);
+        var swi_ = new ShortWithInt(0, 1);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_object(swi), h(swi_));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_short_with_int(swi), h(swi_));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_short_with_int_hidden_type(swi), h(swi_));
+
+        var empty = new Empty();
+        var empty_ = new Empty();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_object(empty), h(empty_));
+
+        var with_oops = new WithOop("a");
+        var with_oops_ = new WithOop("a");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_with_oop(with_oops), h(with_oops_));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_with_oop_hidden_type(with_oops), h(with_oops_));
+    }
+
+    static final String IDENTITY_HASHCODE = "identityHashCode";
+
+    static final int URSHIFT_L_COUNT_FOR_CACHE_PATH = 1;  // Shift object header
+    static final int URSHIFT_L_COUNT_FOR_FAST_PATH = 2;  // Shift class header, maybe shift again for long payload
+    static final int RSHIFT_L_COUNT_FOR_FAST_PATH = 1;  // Shift object payload
+    static final String CACHE_PATH_U = "" + URSHIFT_L_COUNT_FOR_CACHE_PATH;
+    static final String CACHE_AND_FAST_PATH_U = "" + (URSHIFT_L_COUNT_FOR_CACHE_PATH + URSHIFT_L_COUNT_FOR_FAST_PATH);
+    static final String FAST_PATH_S = "" + RSHIFT_L_COUNT_FOR_FAST_PATH;
+
+    // Get hashcode fast path
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"UseHashcodeFastPath", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"UseHashcodeFastPath", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_AND_FAST_PATH_U, RSHIFT_L, FAST_PATH_S, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"UseHashcodeFastPath", "true", "DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_AND_FAST_PATH_U, RSHIFT_L, FAST_PATH_S, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"UseHashcodeFastPath", "true", "DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIfAnd = {"UseHashcodeFastPath", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIfAnd = {"UseHashcodeFastPath", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L, RSHIFT_L}, applyIfAnd = {"UseHashcodeFastPath", "true", "DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L, RSHIFT_L}, applyIfAnd = {"UseHashcodeFastPath", "true", "DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    int h_object(Object a) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(a);
+    }
+
+    // No hashcode fast path: the type is precise, and the call will be intrinsified
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    int h_unique_derived(UniqueDerived a) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(a);
+    }
+
+    // No hashcode fast path: single concrete derived, and the call will be intrinsified
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    int h_uniquely_derived_base(UniquelyDerivedBase a) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(a);
+    }
+
+    // No hashcode fast path: the type is precise, and the call will be intrinsified
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    int h_derived(Derived a) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(a);
+    }
+
+    // Hashcode fast path is generated, the type is not precise enough for intrinsifying
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"UseHashcodeFastPath", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"UseHashcodeFastPath", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_AND_FAST_PATH_U, RSHIFT_L, FAST_PATH_S, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"UseHashcodeFastPath", "true", "DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_AND_FAST_PATH_U, RSHIFT_L, FAST_PATH_S, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"UseHashcodeFastPath", "true", "DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIfAnd = {"UseHashcodeFastPath", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIfAnd = {"UseHashcodeFastPath", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L, RSHIFT_L}, applyIfAnd = {"UseHashcodeFastPath", "true", "DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L, RSHIFT_L}, applyIfAnd = {"UseHashcodeFastPath", "true", "DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    int h_base(MultiplyDerivedBase a) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(a);
+    }
+
+    // Hides the type during parsing when always incrementally inlining
+    @ForceInline
+    public Object getter(Object o) {
+        return o;
+    }
+
+    // With late inlining, type is hidden at first, and a fast path is generated.
+    // Later, type becomes precise, call is intrinsified and fast path is removed.
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_AND_FAST_PATH_U, RSHIFT_L, FAST_PATH_S, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseHashcodeFastPath", "true", "DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseHashcodeFastPath", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L, RSHIFT_L}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseHashcodeFastPath", "true", "DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseHashcodeFastPath", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    int h_derived_hidden_type(Derived a) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(getter(a));
+    }
+
+    // No hashcode fast path: the type is precise, and the call will be intrinsified. Fast path wouldn't work anyway because it has a weird size.
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL},failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    int h_short_with_int(ShortWithInt a) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(a);
+    }
+
+    // With late inlining, type is hidden at first, and a fast path is generated.
+    // Later, type becomes precise, call is intrinsified and fast path is removed.
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_AND_FAST_PATH_U, RSHIFT_L, FAST_PATH_S, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseHashcodeFastPath", "true", "DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseHashcodeFastPath", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L, RSHIFT_L}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseHashcodeFastPath", "true", "DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseHashcodeFastPath", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    int h_short_with_int_hidden_type(ShortWithInt a) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(getter(a));
+    }
+
+    // No hashcode fast path: the type is precise, and the call will be intrinsified if possible. Fast path wouldn't work anyway because of the oop.
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    int h_with_oop(WithOop a) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(a);
+    }
+
+    // With late inlining, type is hidden at first, and a fast path is generated.
+    // Later, type becomes precise, call would be intrinsified if possible. But it's not. Yet, we can also find out the fast path won't work, and it is removed.
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_AND_FAST_PATH_U, RSHIFT_L, FAST_PATH_S, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseHashcodeFastPath", "true", "DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseHashcodeFastPath", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L, RSHIFT_L}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseHashcodeFastPath", "true", "DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseHashcodeFastPath", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    int h_with_oop_hidden_type(WithOop a) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(getter(a));
+    }
+
+    // Only null path should exist
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    int h_null() {
+        return System.identityHashCode(null);
+    }
+
+    // Only null path should survive
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_AND_FAST_PATH_U, RSHIFT_L, FAST_PATH_S, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseHashcodeFastPath", "true", "DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseHashcodeFastPath", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L, RSHIFT_L}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseHashcodeFastPath", "true", "DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseHashcodeFastPath", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    int h_null_hidden_type() {
+        return System.identityHashCode(getter(null));
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {
+            "h_byte",
+            "h_short",
+            "h_int",
+            "h_long",
+            "h_long_long",
+            "h_short_with_int2",
+            "h_short_with_int_hidden_type2",
+            "h_with_oop2",
+    })
+    public void run2() {
+        for (int i = Byte.MIN_VALUE; i<= Byte.MAX_VALUE; ++i) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(h_byte(new Byte((byte)i)), h(new Byte((byte)i)), "i = " + i);
+        }
+        // -1000 and 1000 are here to have a "normal" range, but outside what Short,
+        // Integer or Long will cache, that is without cached hash in the header.
+        int HALF_WIDTH = 256;
+        for (short base : new short[]{0, -1000, 1000, Short.MIN_VALUE, Short.MAX_VALUE}) {
+            for (short k = 0; k < 2 * HALF_WIDTH + 1; ++k) {
+                short s = (short) (k + base - HALF_WIDTH);
+                Asserts.assertEQ(h_short(new Short(s)), h(new Short(s)), "s = " + s);
+            }
+        }
+        for (int base : new int[]{0, -1000, 1000, Short.MIN_VALUE, Short.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE, Integer.MAX_VALUE}) {
+            for (int k = 0; k < 2 * HALF_WIDTH + 1; ++k) {
+                int i = k + base - HALF_WIDTH;
+                Asserts.assertEQ(h_int(new Integer(i)), h(new Integer(i)), "i = " + i);
+                Asserts.assertEQ(h_short_with_int2(new ShortWithInt(i, i)), h(new ShortWithInt(i, i)), "i = " + i);
+                Asserts.assertEQ(h_short_with_int_hidden_type2(new ShortWithInt(i, i)), h(new ShortWithInt(i, i)), "i = " + i);
+            }
+        }
+        for (long base : new long[]{0, -1000, 1000, Long.MIN_VALUE, Long.MAX_VALUE}) {
+            for (long k = 0; k < 2 * HALF_WIDTH + 1; ++k) {
+                long l = k + base - HALF_WIDTH;
+                Asserts.assertEQ(h_long(new Long(l)), h(new Long(l)), "l = " + l);
+                Asserts.assertEQ(h_long_long(new LongLong(l, l)), h(new LongLong(l, l)), "l = " + l);
+                Asserts.assertEQ(h_long_long(new LongLong((l << 32L) + l, Long.MAX_VALUE - l)), h(new LongLong((l << 32L) + l, Long.MAX_VALUE - l)), "l = " + l);
+                String str = String.valueOf(l);
+                Asserts.assertEQ(h_with_oop2(new WithOop(str)), h(new WithOop(str)), "l = " + l);
+
+                Long l_ = new Long(l);
+                int expected_hash = h(l_);
+                Asserts.assertEQ(h_long(l_), expected_hash, "l = " + l);
+            }
+        }
+
+        short s = G.ints().next().shortValue();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_short(new Short(s)), h(new Short(s)), "s = " + s);
+        int i = G.ints().next();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_int(new Integer(i)), h(new Integer(i)), "i = " + i);
+        long l = G.longs().next();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_long(new Long(l)), h(new Long(l)), "l = " + l);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_long_long(new LongLong(i, i)), h(new LongLong(i, i)), "i = " + i);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_short_with_int2(new ShortWithInt(i, i)), h(new ShortWithInt(i, i)), "i = " + i);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_short_with_int_hidden_type2(new ShortWithInt(i, i)), h(new ShortWithInt(i, i)), "i = " + i);
+        String str = String.valueOf(i);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_with_oop2(new WithOop(str)), h(new WithOop(str)), "i = " + i);
+
+        Long lon = new Long(i);
+        int expected_hash = h(lon);
+        Asserts.assertEQ(h_long(lon), expected_hash, "lon = " + lon);
+    }
+
+    // Statically expanded
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    int h_byte(Byte a) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(a);
+    }
+    // Statically expanded
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    int h_short(Short a) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(a);
+    }
+    // Statically expanded
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    int h_int(Integer a) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(a);
+    }
+    // Statically expanded
+    public static final String ONE_LONG_IN_INTRINSIC = "" + 1;
+    public static final String CACHE_PATH_AND_ONE_LONG_IN_INTRINSIC = "" + (URSHIFT_L_COUNT_FOR_CACHE_PATH + 1);
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_AND_ONE_LONG_IN_INTRINSIC}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, ONE_LONG_IN_INTRINSIC}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    int h_long(Long a) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(a);
+    }
+    // Statically expanded
+    public static final String TWO_LONG_IN_INTRINSIC = "" + 2;
+    public static final String CACHE_PATH_AND_TWO_LONG_IN_INTRINSIC = "" + (URSHIFT_L_COUNT_FOR_CACHE_PATH + 2);
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_AND_TWO_LONG_IN_INTRINSIC}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, TWO_LONG_IN_INTRINSIC}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    int h_long_long(LongLong a) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(a);
+    }
+
+    // No hashcode fast path: the type is precise, and the call will be intrinsified. Fast path wouldn't work anyway because it has a weird size.
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    int h_short_with_int2(ShortWithInt a) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(a);
+    }
+
+    // With late inlining, type is hidden at first, and a fast path is generated.
+    // Later, type becomes precise, call is intrinsified and fast path is removed.
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_AND_FAST_PATH_U, RSHIFT_L, FAST_PATH_S, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseHashcodeFastPath", "true", "DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseHashcodeFastPath", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L, RSHIFT_L}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseHashcodeFastPath", "true", "DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIfAnd = {"AlwaysIncrementalInline", "true", "UseHashcodeFastPath", "false", "DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, failOn = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    int h_short_with_int_hidden_type2(ShortWithInt a) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(getter(a));
+    }
+
+    // No hashcode fast path: the type is precise, and the call will be intrinsified if possible. Fast path wouldn't work anyway because of the oop.
+    @Test
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {URSHIFT_L, CACHE_PATH_U, STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", ""})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.AFTER_PARSING}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    @IR(phase = {CompilePhase.PRINT_IDEAL}, counts = {STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, IDENTITY_HASHCODE, "1"}, failOn = {URSHIFT_L}, applyIf = {"DisableIntrinsic", "_identityHashCode"})
+    int h_with_oop2(WithOop a) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(a);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/hash/FastPath.java b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/hash/FastPath.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9cd5b08cdf1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/micro/org/openjdk/bench/valhalla/hash/FastPath.java
@@ -0,0 +1,502 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.openjdk.bench.valhalla.hash;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.*;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Fork(value = 3, jvmArgsAppend = {"--enable-preview"})
+@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+public class FastPath {
+    public static final int SIZE = 100;
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int hash(Object obj) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(obj);
+    }
+
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int hash_specialized(Empty obj) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(obj);
+    }
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int hash_specialized(Byte obj) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(obj);
+    }
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int hash_specialized(Short obj) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(obj);
+    }
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int hash_specialized(Integer obj) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(obj);
+    }
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int hash_specialized(Long obj) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(obj);
+    }
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int hash_specialized(MyIntInt obj) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(obj);
+    }
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int hash_specialized(MyLongInt obj) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(obj);
+    }
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int hash_specialized(MyLongLong obj) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(obj);
+    }
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int hash_specialized(WithOop obj) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(obj);
+    }
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    private static int hash_specialized(MyByteShort obj) {
+        return System.identityHashCode(obj);
+    }
+
+    // Homogeneous cases of null, all go to null path
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_null() {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += hash(null);
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    // Homogeneous cases of empty object, all go to fast path
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.DONT_INLINE)
+    public int no_hoist() {
+        return hash(new Empty());
+    }
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_empty() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(Empty.class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += no_hoist();
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_empty_static() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(Empty.class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += hash_specialized(new Empty());
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    // Homogeneous cases of bytes, all go to fast path
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_byte() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(Byte.class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += hash(new Byte((byte)i));
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_byte_static() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(Byte.class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += hash_specialized(new Byte((byte)i));
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    // Homogeneous cases of shorts, all go to fast path
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_short() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(Short.class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += hash(new Short((short)(i + 256)));
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_short_static() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(Short.class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += hash_specialized(new Short((short)(i + 256)));
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    // Homogeneous cases of ints, all go to fast path
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_int() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(Integer.class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += hash(new Integer(i + 256));
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_int_static() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(Integer.class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += hash_specialized(new Integer(i + 256));
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    // Homogeneous cases of longs, all go to fast path
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_long() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(Long.class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += hash(new Long(i + 256));
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_long_static() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(Long.class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += hash_specialized(new Long(i + 256));
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    // Homogeneous cases of pairs of ints, all go to fast path
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_int_int() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(MyIntInt.class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += hash(new MyIntInt(i, 2*i));
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_int_int_static() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(MyIntInt.class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += hash_specialized(new MyIntInt(i, 2*i));
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    // Heterogeneous cases, all go to fast path
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int heterogeneous_small() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(Empty.class);
+        s += System.identityHashCode(Byte.class);
+        s += System.identityHashCode(Short.class);
+        s += System.identityHashCode(Integer.class);
+        s += System.identityHashCode(Long.class);
+        s += System.identityHashCode(MyIntInt.class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            Object v = switch (i % 7) {
+                case 0 -> new Empty();
+                case 1 -> new Byte((byte) i);
+                case 2 -> new Short((short) (i + 256));
+                case 3 -> new Integer(i + 256);
+                case 4 -> new Long(i + 256);
+                case 5 -> new MyIntInt(i, 2 * i);
+                default -> null;
+            };
+            s += hash(v);
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    // Homogeneous cases of pairs of long and int, too big for fast path
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_too_big_long_int() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(MyLongInt.class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += hash(new MyLongInt(i, 2*i));
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_too_big_long_int_static() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(MyLongInt.class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += hash_specialized(new MyLongInt(i, 2*i));
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    // Homogeneous cases of pairs of long, too big for fast path
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_too_big_long_long() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(MyLongLong.class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += hash(new MyLongLong(i, 2*i));
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_too_big_long_long_static() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(MyLongLong.class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += hash_specialized(new MyLongLong(i, 2*i));
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    // Heterogeneous cases, too big for fast path
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int heterogeneous_too_big() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(MyLongInt.class);
+        s += System.identityHashCode(MyLongLong.class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            Object v = switch (i % 2) {
+                case 0 -> new MyLongInt(i, 2*i);
+                default -> new MyLongLong(i, 2*i);
+            };
+            s += hash(v);
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    // Homogeneous cases, with oop, so no fast path
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_with_oop() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(WithOop.class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += hash(new WithOop(i));
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_with_oop_static() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(WithOop.class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += hash_specialized(new WithOop(i));
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    // Homogeneous cases, not a nice size, so no fast path
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_weird_size() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(MyByteShort.class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += hash(new MyByteShort((byte) i, (short) (2*i)));
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_weird_size_static() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(MyByteShort.class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += hash_specialized(new MyByteShort((byte) i, (short) (2*i)));
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    // Homogeneous cases of String, so fast path not taken
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_with_obj_string() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(String.class);
+        s += System.identityHashCode(int[].class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += hash(String.valueOf(i));
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    // Homogeneous cases of arrays, so fast path not taken
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int homogeneous_with_obj_array() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(String.class);
+        s += System.identityHashCode(int[].class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += hash(new int[]{i});
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    // Heterogeneous array, identity objects, so fast path not taken
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int heterogeneous_with_obj() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(String.class);
+        s += System.identityHashCode(int[].class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            Object v = switch (i % 2) {
+                case 0 -> String.valueOf(i);
+                default -> new int[]{i};
+            };
+            s += hash(v);
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    // Heterogeneous array, all of the above
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int big_mix() {
+        int s = System.identityHashCode(Empty.class);
+        s += System.identityHashCode(Byte.class);
+        s += System.identityHashCode(Short.class);
+        s += System.identityHashCode(Integer.class);
+        s += System.identityHashCode(Long.class);
+        s += System.identityHashCode(MyIntInt.class);
+        s += System.identityHashCode(MyLongInt.class);
+        s += System.identityHashCode(MyLongLong.class);
+        s += System.identityHashCode(WithOop.class);
+        s += System.identityHashCode(MyByteShort.class);
+        s += System.identityHashCode(String.class);
+        s += System.identityHashCode(int[].class);
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            Object v = switch (i % 13) {
+                    case 0 -> new Empty();
+                    case 1 -> new Byte((byte)i);
+                    case 2 -> new Short((short)(i + 256));
+                    case 3 -> new Integer((i + 256));
+                    case 4 -> new Long((i + 256));
+                    case 5 -> new MyIntInt(i, 2*i);
+                    case 6 -> new MyLongInt(i, 2*i);
+                    case 7 -> new MyLongLong(i, 2*i);
+                    case 8 -> new WithOop(i);
+                    case 9 -> new MyByteShort((byte) i, (short)(2*i));
+                    case 10 -> String.valueOf(i);
+                    case 11 -> new int[]{i};
+                    default -> null;
+            };
+            s += hash(v);
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    // Array of pre-hashed values, should take the cache path.
+    @Benchmark
+    @OperationsPerInvocation(SIZE)
+    @CompilerControl(CompilerControl.Mode.INLINE)
+    public int pre_hashed(PreHashedCase st) {
+        int s = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            s += hash(st.arr[i]);
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    static value class Empty {}
+    static value class MyIntInt {
+        int fst;
+        int snd;
+        public MyIntInt (int fst, int snd) {this.fst = fst; this.snd = snd;}
+    }
+    static value class MyLongInt {
+        long fst;
+        int snd;
+        MyLongInt(long fst, int snd) { this.fst = fst; this.snd = snd; }
+    }
+    static value class MyLongLong {
+        long fst;
+        long snd;
+        MyLongLong(long fst, long snd) { this.fst = fst; this.snd = snd; }
+    }
+    static value class WithOop {
+        Integer[] s;
+        WithOop(int i) {
+            if (i % 4 == 0) {
+                this.s = null;
+            } else {
+                this.s = new Integer[]{i};
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    static value class MyByteShort {
+        byte fst;
+        short snd;
+        MyByteShort(byte fst, short snd) { this.fst = fst; this.snd = snd; }
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class PreHashedCase {
+        Object[] arr;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            arr = new Object[SIZE];
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                arr[i] = new MyLongLong(((long)i) << 32, i);
+                System.identityHashCode(arr[i]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

From 4555cf21371723f8fc69b28d265b5e342b900f28 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dingli Zhang <dzhang@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 2026 08:33:47 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 579/707] 8390101: RISC-V: Use vmandn.mm for vector mask
 and-not

Reviewed-by: fyang, gcao
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad              | 28 +++++++++++++++-
 .../AllBitsSetVectorMatchRuleTest.java        | 32 +++++++++----------
 2 files changed, 42 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad
index bf291adce59..ca77e6ba341 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad
@@ -4482,7 +4482,7 @@ instruct vmaskAllL(vRegMask dst, iRegL src) %{
 
 // ------------------------------ Vector mask basic OPs ------------------------
 
-// vector mask logical ops: and/or/xor
+// vector mask logical ops: and/and-not/or/xor
 
 instruct vmask_and(vRegMask dst, vRegMask src1, vRegMask src2) %{
   match(Set dst (AndVMask src1 src2));
@@ -4497,6 +4497,32 @@ instruct vmask_and(vRegMask dst, vRegMask src1, vRegMask src2) %{
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
 
+instruct vmask_and_notI(vRegMask dst, vRegMask src1, vRegMask src2, immI_M1 m1) %{
+  match(Set dst (AndVMask src1 (XorVMask src2 (MaskAll m1))));
+  format %{ "vmask_and_notI $dst, $src1, $src2" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    BasicType bt = Matcher::vector_element_basic_type(this);
+    __ vsetvli_helper(bt, Matcher::vector_length(this));
+    __ vmandn_mm(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg),
+                 as_VectorRegister($src1$$reg),
+                 as_VectorRegister($src2$$reg));
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
+instruct vmask_and_notL(vRegMask dst, vRegMask src1, vRegMask src2, immL_M1 m1) %{
+  match(Set dst (AndVMask src1 (XorVMask src2 (MaskAll m1))));
+  format %{ "vmask_and_notL $dst, $src1, $src2" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    BasicType bt = Matcher::vector_element_basic_type(this);
+    __ vsetvli_helper(bt, Matcher::vector_length(this));
+    __ vmandn_mm(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg),
+                 as_VectorRegister($src1$$reg),
+                 as_VectorRegister($src2$$reg));
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
 instruct vmask_or(vRegMask dst, vRegMask src1, vRegMask src2) %{
   match(Set dst (OrVMask src1 src2));
   format %{ "vmask_or $dst, $src1, $src2" %}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/AllBitsSetVectorMatchRuleTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/AllBitsSetVectorMatchRuleTest.java
index 2c5b74a078e..b95771d9862 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/AllBitsSetVectorMatchRuleTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/AllBitsSetVectorMatchRuleTest.java
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
  * @key randomness
  * @library /test/lib /
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
- * @requires (os.simpleArch == "aarch64" & vm.cpu.features ~= ".*asimd.*") | (os.simpleArch == "riscv64" & vm.cpu.features ~= ".*zvbb.*")
+ * @requires (os.simpleArch == "aarch64" & vm.cpu.features ~= ".*asimd.*") | (os.simpleArch == "riscv64" & vm.cpu.features ~= ".*rvv.*")
  * @summary AArch64: [vector] Make all bits set vector sharable for match rules
  * @modules jdk.incubator.vector
  *
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ public class AllBitsSetVectorMatchRuleTest {
     // Tests of C2 match rules for vector ops containing an all-bits-set vector operand.
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VAND_NOT_I, " >= 1" })
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VAND_NOT_I, " >= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"asimd", "true", "zvbb", "true"})
     public static void testAllBitsSetVector() {
         IntVector av = IntVector.fromArray(I_SPECIES, ia, 0);
         IntVector bv = IntVector.fromArray(I_SPECIES, ib, 0);
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ public static void testAllBitsSetVector() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VAND_NOT_L, " >= 1" })
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VAND_NOT_L, " >= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"asimd", "true", "zvbb", "true"})
     public static void testVectorVAndNotL() {
         LongVector av = LongVector.fromArray(L_SPECIES, la, 0);
         LongVector bv = LongVector.fromArray(L_SPECIES, lb, 0);
@@ -120,8 +120,7 @@ public static void testVectorVAndNotL() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VAND_NOT_I_MASKED, " >= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve", "true"})
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VAND_NOT_I_MASKED, " >= 1" }, applyIfPlatform = {"riscv64", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VAND_NOT_I_MASKED, " >= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"sve", "true", "zvbb", "true"})
     public static void testVectorVAndNotIMasked() {
         VectorMask<Integer> avm = VectorMask.fromArray(I_SPECIES, ma, 0);
         IntVector av = IntVector.fromArray(I_SPECIES, ia, 0);
@@ -137,8 +136,7 @@ public static void testVectorVAndNotIMasked() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VAND_NOT_L_MASKED, " >= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve", "true"})
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VAND_NOT_L_MASKED, " >= 1" }, applyIfPlatform = {"riscv64", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VAND_NOT_L_MASKED, " >= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"sve", "true", "zvbb", "true"})
     public static void testVectorVAndNotLMasked() {
         VectorMask<Long> avm = VectorMask.fromArray(L_SPECIES, ma, 0);
         LongVector av = LongVector.fromArray(L_SPECIES, la, 0);
@@ -154,7 +152,7 @@ public static void testVectorVAndNotLMasked() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.RISCV_VAND_NOTI_VX, " >= 1" }, applyIfPlatform = {"riscv64", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.RISCV_VAND_NOTI_VX, " >= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeature = {"zvbb", "true"})
     public static void testAllBitsSetVectorRegI() {
         IntVector av = IntVector.fromArray(I_SPECIES, ia, 0);
         int bs = ib[0];
@@ -167,7 +165,7 @@ public static void testAllBitsSetVectorRegI() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.RISCV_VAND_NOTL_VX, " >= 1" }, applyIfPlatform = {"riscv64", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.RISCV_VAND_NOTL_VX, " >= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeature = {"zvbb", "true"})
     public static void testAllBitsSetVectorRegL() {
         LongVector av = LongVector.fromArray(L_SPECIES, la, 0);
         long bs = lb[0];
@@ -180,7 +178,7 @@ public static void testAllBitsSetVectorRegL() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.RISCV_VAND_NOTI_VX_MASKED, " >= 1" }, applyIfPlatform = {"riscv64", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.RISCV_VAND_NOTI_VX_MASKED, " >= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeature = {"zvbb", "true"})
     public static void testAllBitsSetVectorRegIMask() {
         VectorMask<Integer> avm = VectorMask.fromArray(I_SPECIES, ma, 0);
         IntVector av = IntVector.fromArray(I_SPECIES, ia, 0);
@@ -196,7 +194,7 @@ public static void testAllBitsSetVectorRegIMask() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.RISCV_VAND_NOTL_VX_MASKED, " >= 1" }, applyIfPlatform = {"riscv64", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.RISCV_VAND_NOTL_VX_MASKED, " >= 1" }, applyIfCPUFeature = {"zvbb", "true"})
     public static void testAllBitsSetVectorRegLMask() {
         VectorMask<Long> avm = VectorMask.fromArray(L_SPECIES, ma, 0);
         LongVector av = LongVector.fromArray(L_SPECIES, la, 0);
@@ -214,7 +212,7 @@ public static void testAllBitsSetVectorRegLMask() {
     // Tests that VectorMask.andNot() chains match to VMASK_AND_NOT / VAND_NOT (two andNot ops).
     @Test
     @IR(counts = { IRNode.VAND_NOT_I, "2" }, applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"asimd", "true", "sve", "false"})
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VMASK_AND_NOT_I, "2" }, applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VMASK_AND_NOT_I, "2" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"sve", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     public static void testMaskAndNotI() {
         VectorMask<Integer> avm = VectorMask.fromArray(I_SPECIES, ma, 0);
         VectorMask<Integer> bvm = VectorMask.fromArray(I_SPECIES, mb, 0);
@@ -229,7 +227,7 @@ public static void testMaskAndNotI() {
 
     @Test
     @IR(counts = { IRNode.VAND_NOT_L, "2" }, applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"asimd", "true", "sve", "false"})
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VMASK_AND_NOT_L, "2" }, applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VMASK_AND_NOT_L, "2" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"sve", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     public static void testMaskAndNotL() {
         VectorMask<Long> avm = VectorMask.fromArray(L_SPECIES, ma, 0);
         VectorMask<Long> bvm = VectorMask.fromArray(L_SPECIES, mb, 0);
@@ -244,7 +242,7 @@ public static void testMaskAndNotL() {
 
     // Tests that mask.not().and(other) matches to VMASK_AND_NOT (AndVMask commutative rule).
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VMASK_AND_NOT_I, "1" }, applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VMASK_AND_NOT_I, "1" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"sve", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     public static void testCommutativeAndVMaskI() {
         VectorMask<Integer> avm = VectorMask.fromArray(I_SPECIES, ma, 0);
         VectorMask<Integer> bvm = VectorMask.fromArray(I_SPECIES, mb, 0);
@@ -257,7 +255,7 @@ public static void testCommutativeAndVMaskI() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VMASK_AND_NOT_L, "1" }, applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VMASK_AND_NOT_L, "1" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"sve", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     public static void testCommutativeAndVMaskL() {
         VectorMask<Long> avm = VectorMask.fromArray(L_SPECIES, ma, 0);
         VectorMask<Long> bvm = VectorMask.fromArray(L_SPECIES, mb, 0);
@@ -271,7 +269,7 @@ public static void testCommutativeAndVMaskL() {
 
     // Tests that mask.and(allTrue.xor(other)) matches to VMASK_AND_NOT (XorVMask commutative rule).
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VMASK_AND_NOT_I, "1" }, applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VMASK_AND_NOT_I, "1" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"sve", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     public static void testCommutativeXorVMaskI() {
         VectorMask<Integer> avm = VectorMask.fromArray(I_SPECIES, ma, 0);
         VectorMask<Integer> bvm = VectorMask.fromArray(I_SPECIES, mb, 0);
@@ -285,7 +283,7 @@ public static void testCommutativeXorVMaskI() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VMASK_AND_NOT_L, "1" }, applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VMASK_AND_NOT_L, "1" }, applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"sve", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     public static void testCommutativeXorVMaskL() {
         VectorMask<Long> avm = VectorMask.fromArray(L_SPECIES, ma, 0);
         VectorMask<Long> bvm = VectorMask.fromArray(L_SPECIES, mb, 0);

From 858880932a9d879c452a98abb4f2f39cb655e34b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ioi Lam <iklam@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 2026 16:17:08 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 580/707] 8387494: ResolvedMethodName::vmtarget is not updated
 when class in AOT cache is redefined

Reviewed-by: kvn, asmehra
---
 .../share/cds/aotLinkedClassBulkLoader.cpp    |   3 +
 src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp          |  29 +++-
 src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.hpp          |   1 +
 src/hotspot/share/oops/trainingData.cpp       |   2 +-
 test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups                |   2 +
 .../cds/appcds/agent/RedefineAllAgent.java    |  76 ++++++++++
 .../RedefineAllAgent.mf}                      |   4 +-
 .../cds/appcds/agent/RedefineAllTest.java     | 112 ++++++++++++++
 .../appcds/agent/RedefineHotMethodTest.java   | 138 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../JavaAgent.java => agent/SimpleTest.java}  |  72 +++++----
 .../appcds/aotCache/JavaAgentTransformer.java |  71 ---------
 test/lib/RedefineClassHelper.java             |  38 ++++-
 12 files changed, 434 insertions(+), 114 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/agent/RedefineAllAgent.java
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{aotCache/JavaAgentTransformer.mf => agent/RedefineAllAgent.mf} (53%)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/agent/RedefineAllTest.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/agent/RedefineHotMethodTest.java
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{aotCache/JavaAgent.java => agent/SimpleTest.java} (73%)
 delete mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/JavaAgentTransformer.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotLinkedClassBulkLoader.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotLinkedClassBulkLoader.cpp
index 572b973827b..b6dad1e2513 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotLinkedClassBulkLoader.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotLinkedClassBulkLoader.cpp
@@ -85,6 +85,9 @@ void AOTLinkedClassBulkLoader::preload_classes_impl(TRAPS) {
   initiate_loading(THREAD, "app", h_system_loader, table->boot2());
   initiate_loading(THREAD, "app", h_system_loader, table->platform());
   preload_classes_in_table(table->app(), "app", h_system_loader, CHECK);
+
+  // Do this after all boot/platform/app classes are loaded, but before bytecode execution.
+  HeapShared::load_cached_resolved_methods();
 }
 
 void AOTLinkedClassBulkLoader::preload_classes_in_table(Array<InstanceKlass*>* classes,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp
index 4f92eb486ee..2fc23700d82 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 #include "cds/aotStreamedHeapLoader.hpp"
 #include "cds/aotStreamedHeapWriter.hpp"
 #include "cds/archiveBuilder.hpp"
-#include "cds/archiveUtils.hpp"
+#include "cds/archiveUtils.inline.hpp"
 #include "cds/cds_globals.hpp"
 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
 #include "cds/cdsEnumKlass.hpp"
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@
 #include "oops/oopHandle.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
+#include "prims/resolvedMethodTable.hpp"
 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
@@ -142,6 +143,8 @@ ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* HeapShared::_run_time_special_subgraph;
 GrowableArrayCHeap<oop, mtClassShared>* HeapShared::_pending_roots = nullptr;
 OopHandle HeapShared::_scratch_basic_type_mirrors[T_VOID+1];
 MetaspaceObjToOopHandleTable* HeapShared::_scratch_objects_table = nullptr;
+static GrowableArray<int>* _dumptime_resolved_methods = nullptr;
+static Array<int>* _runtime_resolved_methods = nullptr;
 
 static bool is_subgraph_root_class_of(ArchivableStaticFieldInfo fields[], InstanceKlass* ik) {
   for (int i = 0; fields[i].valid(); i++) {
@@ -640,6 +643,7 @@ bool HeapShared::archive_object(oop obj, oop referrer, KlassSubGraphInfo* subgra
         m = RegeneratedClasses::maybe_get_regenerated_object(m);
         InstanceKlass* method_holder = m->method_holder();
         AOTArtifactFinder::add_cached_class(method_holder);
+        _dumptime_resolved_methods->append(HeapShared::append_root(obj));
       }
     }
   }
@@ -712,6 +716,7 @@ void HeapShared::remove_scratch_resolved_references(ConstantPool* src) {
 
 void HeapShared::init_dumping() {
   _scratch_objects_table = new (mtClass)MetaspaceObjToOopHandleTable();
+  _dumptime_resolved_methods = new (mtClassShared) GrowableArray<int>(100, mtClassShared);
   _pending_roots = new GrowableArrayCHeap<oop, mtClassShared>(500);
   _pending_roots->append(nullptr); // root index 0 represents a null oop
   DEBUG_ONLY(_dumptime_classes_with_cached_oops = new (mtClassShared)ArchivableKlassTable());
@@ -1024,6 +1029,10 @@ void HeapShared::write_heap(AOTMappedHeapInfo* mapped_heap_info, AOTStreamedHeap
   delete _pending_roots;
   _pending_roots = nullptr;
 
+  _runtime_resolved_methods = ArchiveUtils::archive_array(_dumptime_resolved_methods);
+  delete _dumptime_resolved_methods;
+  _dumptime_resolved_methods = nullptr;
+
   make_archived_object_cache_gc_safe();
 }
 
@@ -1313,9 +1322,27 @@ void HeapShared::write_subgraph_info_table() {
 void HeapShared::serialize_tables(SerializeClosure* soc) {
   _run_time_subgraph_info_table.serialize_header(soc);
   soc->do_ptr(&_run_time_special_subgraph);
+  soc->do_ptr(&_runtime_resolved_methods);
   DEBUG_ONLY(soc->do_ptr(&_runtime_classes_with_cached_oops));
 }
 
+void HeapShared::load_cached_resolved_methods() {
+  precond(CDSConfig::is_using_aot_linked_classes());
+  if (_runtime_resolved_methods != nullptr) {
+    JavaThread* current = JavaThread::current();
+    HandleMark hm(current);
+    for (int i = 0; i < _runtime_resolved_methods->length(); i++) {
+      int root_index = _runtime_resolved_methods->at(i);
+      Handle mem_name(current,  get_root(root_index, /*clear=*/true));
+      Method* method = java_lang_invoke_ResolvedMethodName::vmtarget(mem_name());
+      InstanceKlass* holder = method->method_holder();
+      holder->set_has_resolved_methods();
+      oop o = ResolvedMethodTable::add_method(method, mem_name);
+      precond(o == mem_name());
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 static void verify_the_heap(Klass* k, const char* which) {
   if (VerifyArchivedFields > 0) {
     ResourceMark rm;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.hpp
index 48ce3bc40dc..ba7ec626d90 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.hpp
@@ -467,6 +467,7 @@ class HeapShared: AllStatic {
   static void init_heap_writer() NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN;
   static void write_subgraph_info_table() NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN;
   static void serialize_tables(SerializeClosure* soc) NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN;
+  static void load_cached_resolved_methods() NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN;
 
   static void initialize_java_lang_invoke(TRAPS) NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN;
   static void init_classes_for_special_subgraph(Handle loader, TRAPS) NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/trainingData.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/trainingData.cpp
index 8c8e8521fbb..2b87c899fe1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/trainingData.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/trainingData.cpp
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ void TrainingData::verify() {
 }
 
 static bool is_excluded(InstanceKlass* k) {
-  if (!k->is_loaded() || k->has_been_redefined()) {
+  if (!k->is_loaded() || (TrainingData::need_data() && k->has_been_redefined())) {
     return true;
   }
   if (CDSConfig::is_at_aot_safepoint()) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
index 78eee6addea..8e30e73a182 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
@@ -442,6 +442,7 @@ hotspot_cds_only = \
 
 hotspot_appcds_dynamic = \
   runtime/cds/appcds/ \
+ -runtime/cds/appcds/agent \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/aotAnnotations \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking \
@@ -545,6 +546,7 @@ hotspot_cds_epsilongc = \
 # test AOT class linking, so there's no need to run them again with -XX:+AOTClassLinking.
 hotspot_aot_classlinking = \
   runtime/cds \
+ -runtime/cds/appcds/agent \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/aotAnnotations \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking \
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/agent/RedefineAllAgent.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/agent/RedefineAllAgent.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..11ed8bad4cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/agent/RedefineAllAgent.java
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassModel;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassTransform;
+import java.lang.classfile.constantpool.ConstantPoolBuilder;
+import java.lang.instrument.ClassFileTransformer;
+import java.lang.instrument.IllegalClassFormatException;
+import java.lang.instrument.Instrumentation;
+import java.lang.instrument.UnmodifiableClassException;
+import java.security.ProtectionDomain;
+
+public class RedefineAllAgent implements ClassFileTransformer {
+    public static void premain(String agentArguments, Instrumentation inst) {
+        inst.addTransformer(new RedefineAllAgent(), /*canRetransform=*/true);
+
+        for (Class<?> c : inst.getAllLoadedClasses()) {
+            if (!c.isArray() && !c.isHidden() && inst.isModifiableClass(c)) {
+                try {
+                    // Note: we cannot use test/lib/RedefineClassHelper.java because we may
+                    // have a regenerated class (see regeneratedClasses.cpp) such as
+                    // java/lang/invoke/DirectMethodHandle$Holder, whose bytecodes are different than
+                    // the DirectMethodHandle$Holder.class file stored in the JDK's modules file.
+                    //
+                    // Therefore, we cannot use RedefineClassHelper.getBytecodes(). We must call into
+                    // inst.retransformClasses(), which will give us the correct bytecodes using
+                    // JvmtiClassFileReconstituter.
+                    inst.retransformClasses(c);
+                    System.out.println("========= Success: " + c.getName());
+                } catch (UnmodifiableClassException e) {
+                    System.out.println("========== Failed: " + c.getName());
+                    e.printStackTrace(System.out);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public byte[] transform(ClassLoader loader, String name, Class<?> classBeingRedefined,
+                            ProtectionDomain pd, byte[] buffer) throws IllegalClassFormatException {
+        try {
+            System.out.println((classBeingRedefined == null ? "retransforming " : "redefining ") + name);
+            ClassFile cf = ClassFile.of();
+            ClassModel model = cf.parse(buffer);
+            ConstantPoolBuilder cp = ConstantPoolBuilder.of(model);
+            cp.utf8Entry("Hello");
+            buffer = cf.build(model.thisClass(), cp,
+                              cb -> cb.transform(model, ClassTransform.ACCEPT_ALL));
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            t.printStackTrace();
+            throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected", t);
+        }
+        return buffer;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/JavaAgentTransformer.mf b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/agent/RedefineAllAgent.mf
similarity index 53%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/JavaAgentTransformer.mf
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/agent/RedefineAllAgent.mf
index f0b18566143..8e077b3bd3f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/JavaAgentTransformer.mf
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/agent/RedefineAllAgent.mf
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 Manifest-Version: 1.0
-Premain-Class: JavaAgentTransformer
-Agent-Class: JavaAgentTransformer
+Premain-Class: RedefineAllAgent
+Agent-Class: RedefineAllAgent
 Can-Retransform-Classes: true
 Can-Redefine-Classes: true
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/agent/RedefineAllTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/agent/RedefineAllTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e2eb7bad139
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/agent/RedefineAllTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary The agent is loaded in production run. It redefines all classes, including those already loaded from the AOT cache.
+ * @requires vm.cds.supports.aot.class.linking
+ * @library /test/lib /test/setup_aot
+ * @build RedefineAllTest RedefineAllAgent JavacBenchApp
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar
+ *                 JavacBenchApp
+ *                 JavacBenchApp$ClassFile
+ *                 JavacBenchApp$FileManager
+ *                 JavacBenchApp$SourceFile
+ * @run driver/timeout=240 RedefineAllTest AOT
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSAppTester;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
+
+public class RedefineAllTest {
+    static final String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("app.jar");
+    static final String mainClass = "JavacBenchApp";
+
+    public static String agentClasses[] = {
+        "RedefineAllAgent",
+    };
+    static String agentJar;
+
+    public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
+        agentJar = ClassFileInstaller.writeJar("agent.jar",
+                                        ClassFileInstaller.Manifest.fromSourceFile("RedefineAllAgent.mf"),
+                                        agentClasses);
+        run(args, false);
+        run(args, true);
+    }
+
+    static void run(String[] args, boolean compressedOops) throws Exception {
+        Tester t = new Tester(compressedOops);
+        t.run(args);
+    }
+
+    static class Tester extends CDSAppTester {
+        boolean compressedOops;
+
+        public Tester(boolean compressedOops) {
+            super(mainClass);
+            this.compressedOops = compressedOops;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String classpath(RunMode runMode) {
+            return appJar;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String[] vmArgs(RunMode runMode) {
+            String mode = "-XX:" + (compressedOops ? "+" : "-") + "UseCompressedOops";
+
+            if (runMode == RunMode.PRODUCTION) {
+                return new String[] {
+                    mode,
+                    "-javaagent:" + agentJar,
+                };
+            } else {
+                return new String[] {
+                    mode,
+                    // This is needed for using the agent in production run.
+                    "--add-modules=java.instrument",
+                };
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String[] appCommandLine(RunMode runMode) {
+            return new String[] {
+                mainClass,
+                "2",
+            };
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void checkExecution(OutputAnalyzer out, RunMode runMode) throws Exception {
+            if (runMode.isApplicationExecuted()) {
+                out.shouldMatch("Generated source code for [0-9]+ classes and compiled them");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/agent/RedefineHotMethodTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/agent/RedefineHotMethodTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fdb105b3f2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/agent/RedefineHotMethodTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary The agent is loaded in production run. It redefines RedefineHotMethodApp::increment() to return 34.
+ * @requires vm.cds.supports.aot.class.linking
+ * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/RedefineClasses
+ * @build RedefineHotMethodTest RedefineClassHelper
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar RedefineHotMethodApp RedefineClassHelper
+ * @run main RedefineClassHelper
+ * @run driver RedefineHotMethodTest AOT
+ */
+
+import java.lang.classfile.CodeBuilder;
+import java.lang.classfile.CodeElement;
+import java.lang.classfile.MethodModel;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSAppTester;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
+
+public class RedefineHotMethodTest {
+    static final String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("app.jar");
+    static final String mainClass = RedefineHotMethodApp.class.getName();
+
+    public static String agentClasses[] = {
+        "RedefineHotMethodAgent",
+    };
+    static String agentJar = "redefineagent.jar";
+
+    public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
+        Tester t = new Tester();
+        t.run(args);
+    }
+
+    static class Tester extends CDSAppTester {
+        public Tester() {
+            super(mainClass);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String classpath(RunMode runMode) {
+            return appJar;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String[] vmArgs(RunMode runMode) {
+            if (runMode == RunMode.PRODUCTION) {
+                return new String[] {
+                    "-javaagent:" + agentJar,
+                };
+            } else {
+                return new String[] {
+                    // This is needed for using the agent in production run.
+                    "--add-modules=java.instrument",
+                };
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String[] appCommandLine(RunMode runMode) {
+            return new String[] {
+                mainClass,
+                runMode.toString(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void checkExecution(OutputAnalyzer out, RunMode runMode) throws Exception {
+            if (runMode == RunMode.TRAINING) {
+                out.shouldContain("counter = 120000001");
+            } else if (runMode == RunMode.PRODUCTION) {
+                out.shouldContain("counter = 340000001");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class RedefineHotMethodApp {
+    volatile static long counter;
+
+    public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
+        if (args[0].equals("PRODUCTION")) {
+            redefineIncrementMethod();
+        }
+        doLoop();
+        counter ++;
+        System.out.println("counter = " + counter);
+    }
+
+    static void doLoop() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1000 * 1000; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+                counter += increment();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void redefineIncrementMethod() throws Exception {
+        RedefineClassHelper.redefineMethodBodies(RedefineHotMethodApp.class,
+                                                 (MethodModel method) -> method.methodName().equalsString("increment"),
+                                                 (CodeBuilder builder, CodeElement element) -> {
+                                                     builder.loadConstant(34);
+                                                     builder.ireturn();
+                                                 });
+    }
+
+    // This method will be redefined in redefineIncrementMethod() to return 34 instead.
+    //
+    // Any AOT-compiled methods that use the original version of this method
+    // must not be used.
+    static int increment() {
+        return 12;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/JavaAgent.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/agent/SimpleTest.java
similarity index 73%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/JavaAgent.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/agent/SimpleTest.java
index 758d252f18d..2a8bb4b0d0e 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/JavaAgent.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/agent/SimpleTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -28,10 +28,11 @@
  * @bug 8361725
  * @summary -javaagent is not allowed when creating static CDS archive
  * @requires vm.cds.supports.aot.class.linking
- * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes
- * @build JavaAgent JavaAgentTransformer Util
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar JavaAgentApp JavaAgentApp$ShouldBeTransformed
- * @run driver JavaAgent STATIC
+ * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/RedefineClasses
+ * @build SimpleTest RedefineClassHelper
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar SimpleTestApp SimpleTestApp$ShouldBeTransformed
+ * @run main RedefineClassHelper
+ * @run driver SimpleTest STATIC
  */
 
 /**
@@ -39,12 +40,13 @@
  * @bug 8362561
  * @summary -javaagent is not allowed when creating dynamic CDS archive
  * @requires vm.cds.supports.aot.class.linking
- * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes
- * @build JavaAgent JavaAgentTransformer Util
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar JavaAgentApp JavaAgentApp$ShouldBeTransformed
+ * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/RedefineClasses
+ * @build SimpleTest RedefineClassHelper
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar SimpleTestApp SimpleTestApp$ShouldBeTransformed
  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbootclasspath/a:. JavaAgent DYNAMIC
+ * @run main RedefineClassHelper
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbootclasspath/a:. SimpleTest DYNAMIC
  */
 
 /*
@@ -52,31 +54,32 @@
  * @summary -javaagent should be allowed in AOT workflow. However, classes transformed/redefined by agents will not
  *          be cached.
  * @requires vm.cds.supports.aot.class.linking
- * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes
- * @build JavaAgent JavaAgentTransformer Util
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar JavaAgentApp JavaAgentApp$ShouldBeTransformed
- * @run driver JavaAgent AOT
+ * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/RedefineClasses
+ * @build SimpleTest RedefineClassHelper
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar SimpleTestApp SimpleTestApp$ShouldBeTransformed
+ * @run main RedefineClassHelper
+ * @run driver SimpleTest AOT
  */
 
+import java.lang.classfile.CodeBuilder;
+import java.lang.classfile.CodeElement;
+import java.lang.classfile.MethodModel;
+
 import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSAppTester;
 import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
 import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
 
-public class JavaAgent {
+public class SimpleTest {
     static final String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("app.jar");
-    static final String mainClass = "JavaAgentApp";
+    static final String mainClass = "SimpleTestApp";
 
     public static String agentClasses[] = {
-        "JavaAgentTransformer",
+        "SimpleAgent",
         "Util",
     };
-    static String agentJar;
+    static String agentJar = "redefineagent.jar";
 
     public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
-        agentJar = ClassFileInstaller.writeJar("agent.jar",
-                                        ClassFileInstaller.Manifest.fromSourceFile("JavaAgentTransformer.mf"),
-                                        agentClasses);
-
         Tester t = new Tester();
         if (args[0].equals("STATIC") || args[0].equals("DYNAMIC")) {
             // Some child processes may have non-zero exits. These are checked by
@@ -123,28 +126,18 @@ public void checkExecution(OutputAnalyzer out, RunMode runMode) throws Exception
             }
         }
 
-        static String agentLoadedMsg = "JavaAgentTransformer.premain() is called";
-        static String agentPremainFinished = "JavaAgentTransformer::premain() is finished";
-
         public void checkExecutionForAOTWorkflow(OutputAnalyzer out, RunMode runMode) throws Exception {
-
             if (runMode.isApplicationExecuted()) {
-                out.shouldContain(agentLoadedMsg);
-                out.shouldContain("Transforming: JavaAgentApp$ShouldBeTransformed; Class<?> = null");
                 out.shouldContain("Result: YYYY"); // "XXXX" has been changed to "YYYY" by the agent
-            } else {
-                out.shouldNotContain(agentLoadedMsg);
             }
 
             switch (runMode) {
             case RunMode.TRAINING:
-                out.shouldContain(agentPremainFinished);
-                out.shouldContain("Skipping JavaAgentApp$ShouldBeTransformed: From ClassFileLoadHook");
-                out.shouldContain("Skipping JavaAgentTransformer: Unsupported location");
+                out.shouldContain("Skipping SimpleTestApp$ShouldBeTransformed: Has been redefined");
+                out.shouldContain("Skipping RedefineClassHelper: Unsupported location");
                 break;
             case RunMode.ASSEMBLY:
                 out.shouldContain("Disabled all JVMTI agents during -XX:AOTMode=create");
-                out.shouldNotContain(agentPremainFinished);
                 break;
             }
 
@@ -153,7 +146,6 @@ public void checkExecutionForAOTWorkflow(OutputAnalyzer out, RunMode runMode) th
         public void checkExecutionForStaticWorkflow(OutputAnalyzer out, RunMode runMode) throws Exception {
             switch (runMode) {
             case RunMode.TRAINING:
-                out.shouldContain(agentPremainFinished);
                 out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
                 break;
             case RunMode.DUMP_STATIC:
@@ -182,14 +174,20 @@ public void checkExecutionForDynamicWorkflow(OutputAnalyzer out, RunMode runMode
     }
 }
 
-class JavaAgentApp {
-    public static void main(String[] args) {
+class SimpleTestApp {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        RedefineClassHelper.redefineMethodBodies(ShouldBeTransformed.class,
+                                                 (MethodModel method) -> method.methodName().equalsString("toString"),
+                                                 (CodeBuilder builder, CodeElement element) -> {
+                                                     builder.ldc("YYYY");
+                                                     builder.areturn();
+                                                 });
         System.out.println("Result: " + (new ShouldBeTransformed()));
     }
 
     static class ShouldBeTransformed {
         public String toString() {
-            return "XXXX"; // Will be changed to YYYY by the agent
+            return "XXXX"; // Will be changed to "YYYY" with class redefinition
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/JavaAgentTransformer.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/JavaAgentTransformer.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 123e4a0d72b..00000000000
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/JavaAgentTransformer.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
- *
- * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
- * accompanied this code).
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
- * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *
- * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
- * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
- * questions.
- *
- */
-
-import java.lang.System.Logger.Level;
-import java.lang.instrument.ClassFileTransformer;
-import java.lang.instrument.IllegalClassFormatException;
-import java.lang.instrument.Instrumentation;
-import java.security.ProtectionDomain;
-
-// This class is available on the classpath so it can be accessed by JavaAgentApp
-public class JavaAgentTransformer  implements ClassFileTransformer {
-    private static Instrumentation savedInstrumentation;
-    private static final System.Logger LOGGER = System.getLogger(JavaAgentTransformer.class.getName());
-
-    public static void premain(String agentArguments, Instrumentation instrumentation) {
-        System.out.println("JavaAgentTransformer.premain() is called");
-        instrumentation.addTransformer(new JavaAgentTransformer(), /*canRetransform=*/true);
-        savedInstrumentation = instrumentation;
-
-        LOGGER.log(Level.WARNING, "JavaAgentTransformer::premain() is finished");
-    }
-
-    public static Instrumentation getInstrumentation() {
-        return savedInstrumentation;
-    }
-
-    public static void agentmain(String args, Instrumentation inst) throws Exception {
-        premain(args, inst);
-    }
-
-    public byte[] transform(ClassLoader loader, String name, Class<?> classBeingRedefined,
-                            ProtectionDomain pd, byte[] buffer) throws IllegalClassFormatException {
-        if (name.equals("JavaAgentApp$ShouldBeTransformed")) {
-            System.out.println("Transforming: " + name + "; Class<?> = " + classBeingRedefined);
-            try {
-                replace(buffer, "XXXX", "YYYY");
-            } catch (Throwable t) {
-                t.printStackTrace();
-            }
-            Thread.dumpStack();
-            return buffer;
-        }
-        return null;
-    }
-
-    static void replace(byte[] buffer, String from, String to) {
-        int n = Util.replace(buffer, from, to);
-        System.out.println("..... replaced " + n + " occurrence(s) of '" + from + "' to '" + to + "'");
-    }
-}
diff --git a/test/lib/RedefineClassHelper.java b/test/lib/RedefineClassHelper.java
index 064778b3a2a..4ee145f923b 100644
--- a/test/lib/RedefineClassHelper.java
+++ b/test/lib/RedefineClassHelper.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,10 +25,13 @@
 import java.lang.classfile.ClassElement;
 import java.lang.classfile.ClassFile;
 import java.lang.classfile.ClassModel;
+import java.lang.classfile.ClassTransform;
+import java.lang.classfile.CodeTransform;
+import java.lang.classfile.MethodModel;
 import java.lang.constant.ClassDesc;
-
 import java.lang.instrument.ClassDefinition;
 import java.lang.instrument.Instrumentation;
+import java.util.function.Predicate;
 import jdk.test.lib.compiler.InMemoryJavaCompiler;
 import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
 
@@ -68,6 +71,10 @@ public static void redefineClass(Class<?> clazz, byte[] bytecode) throws Excepti
         instrumentation.redefineClasses(new ClassDefinition(clazz, bytecode));
     }
 
+    private static byte[] getBytecodes(Class<?> clazz) throws Exception {
+        return getBytecodes(clazz.getClassLoader(), clazz.getName());
+    }
+
     private static byte[] getBytecodes(ClassLoader loader, String name) throws Exception {
         try (InputStream is = loader.getResourceAsStream(name + ".class")) {
             byte[] buf = is.readAllBytes();
@@ -103,6 +110,33 @@ public static byte[] replaceClassName(ClassLoader loader, String oldClassName, S
         return replaceClassName(buf, newClassName);
     }
 
+    /*
+     * For the given <code>clazz</code>, use <xform> to replace the code body of the methods that are
+     * selected by <code>filter</code>.
+     *
+     * @param clazz the class to redefine
+     * @param filter the Predicate to choose the method(s) to redefine
+     * @param xform used for generating new method bodies
+     *
+     * Example:
+     *
+     * RedefineClassHelper.redefineMethodBodies(ShouldBeTransformed.class,
+     *                                          (MethodModel method) -> method.methodName().equalsString("toString"),
+     *                                          (CodeBuilder builder, CodeElement element) -> {
+     *                                              builder.ldc("YYYY");
+     *                                              builder.areturn();
+     *                                          });
+     */
+    public static void redefineMethodBodies(Class<?> clazz, Predicate<MethodModel> filter, CodeTransform xform) throws Exception {
+        byte[] bytecodes = RedefineClassHelper.getBytecodes(clazz);
+        ClassFile cf = ClassFile.of();
+        ClassModel model = cf.parse(bytecodes);
+
+        ClassTransform transform =
+            ClassTransform.transformingMethodBodies(filter, xform);
+        redefineClass(clazz, cf.transformClass(model, transform));
+    }
+
     /**
      * Main method to be invoked before test to create the redefineagent.jar
      */

From 3eefd7ab1bf855493e18a9234d5019ee01fb7e25 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ashay Rane <arane@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 2026 16:20:45 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 581/707] 8389829: (fs) Copying symbolic link fails in
 Developer Mode (win)

Reviewed-by: alanb
---
 .../sun/nio/fs/WindowsFileAttributeViews.java |   6 +-
 .../classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsFileCopy.java   |  50 ++++-
 test/jdk/java/nio/file/Files/CopyAndMove.java | 210 +++++++++++++-----
 3 files changed, 208 insertions(+), 58 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsFileAttributeViews.java b/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsFileAttributeViews.java
index 9a6c0cf3764..cd84103743f 100644
--- a/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsFileAttributeViews.java
+++ b/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsFileAttributeViews.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -272,8 +272,8 @@ void setAttributes(WindowsFileAttributes attrs)
             // as otherwise the last modified time may be wrong.
             setFileTimes(
                 WindowsFileAttributes.toWindowsTime(attrs.creationTime()),
-                WindowsFileAttributes.toWindowsTime(attrs.lastModifiedTime()),
-                WindowsFileAttributes.toWindowsTime(attrs.lastAccessTime()));
+                WindowsFileAttributes.toWindowsTime(attrs.lastAccessTime()),
+                WindowsFileAttributes.toWindowsTime(attrs.lastModifiedTime()));
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsFileCopy.java b/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsFileCopy.java
index a561e81536a..41557733c17 100644
--- a/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsFileCopy.java
+++ b/src/java.base/windows/classes/sun/nio/fs/WindowsFileCopy.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -170,11 +170,15 @@ static void copy(final WindowsPath source,
             }
         }
 
+        if (!followLinks && sourceAttrs.isSymbolicLink()) {
+            copySymbolicLink(source, sourceAttrs, target, copyAttributes);
+            return;
+        }
+
         // Use CopyFileEx if the file is not a directory or junction
         if (!sourceAttrs.isDirectory() && !sourceAttrs.isDirectoryLink()) {
             boolean isBuffering = sourceAttrs.size() <= UNBUFFERED_IO_THRESHOLD;
-            final int flags = (followLinks ? 0 : COPY_FILE_COPY_SYMLINK) |
-                              (isBuffering ? 0 : COPY_FILE_NO_BUFFERING);
+            final int flags = isBuffering ? 0 : COPY_FILE_NO_BUFFERING;
 
             if (interruptible) {
                 // interruptible copy
@@ -246,6 +250,7 @@ public void implRun() throws IOException {
                         RemoveDirectory(targetPath);
                     } catch (WindowsException ignore) { }
                 }
+                throw x;
             }
 
             // copy security attributes. If this fail it doesn't cause the move
@@ -256,6 +261,45 @@ public void implRun() throws IOException {
         }
     }
 
+    private static void copySymbolicLink(WindowsPath source,
+                                         WindowsFileAttributes sourceAttrs,
+                                         WindowsPath target,
+                                         boolean copyAttributes)
+        throws IOException
+    {
+        String targetPath = asWin32Path(target);
+        try {
+            String linkTarget = WindowsLinkSupport.readLink(source);
+            int flags = sourceAttrs.isDirectoryLink() ? SYMBOLIC_LINK_FLAG_DIRECTORY : 0;
+            WindowsLinkSupport.createSymbolicLink(targetPath,
+                                                  WindowsPath.addPrefixIfNeeded(linkTarget),
+                                                  flags);
+        } catch (WindowsException x) {
+            x.rethrowAsIOException(target);
+        }
+
+        if (copyAttributes) {
+            WindowsFileAttributeViews.Dos view =
+                WindowsFileAttributeViews.createDosView(target, false);
+            try {
+                view.setAttributes(sourceAttrs);
+            } catch (IOException x) {
+                try {
+                    if (sourceAttrs.isDirectoryLink()) {
+                        RemoveDirectory(targetPath);
+                    } else {
+                        DeleteFile(targetPath);
+                    }
+                } catch (WindowsException ignore) { }
+                throw x;
+            }
+
+            try {
+                copySecurityAttributes(source, target, false);
+            } catch (IOException ignore) { }
+        }
+    }
+
     // throw a DirectoryNotEmpty exception if not empty
     static void ensureEmptyDir(WindowsPath dir) throws IOException {
         try (WindowsDirectoryStream dirStream =
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/nio/file/Files/CopyAndMove.java b/test/jdk/java/nio/file/Files/CopyAndMove.java
index f8bc9f997b7..ca4cc0aaf00 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/nio/file/Files/CopyAndMove.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/nio/file/Files/CopyAndMove.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -138,10 +138,10 @@ static void checkBasicAttributes(BasicFileAttributes attrs1,
                                      BasicFileAttributes attrs2)
     {
         // check file type
-        assertTrue(attrs1.isRegularFile() == attrs2.isRegularFile());
-        assertTrue(attrs1.isDirectory() == attrs2.isDirectory());
-        assertTrue(attrs1.isSymbolicLink() == attrs2.isSymbolicLink());
-        assertTrue(attrs1.isOther() == attrs2.isOther());
+        assertEquals(attrs1.isRegularFile(), attrs2.isRegularFile());
+        assertEquals(attrs1.isDirectory(), attrs2.isDirectory());
+        assertEquals(attrs1.isSymbolicLink(), attrs2.isSymbolicLink());
+        assertEquals(attrs1.isOther(), attrs2.isOther());
 
         // check last modified time if not a symbolic link
         if (!attrs1.isSymbolicLink()) {
@@ -162,30 +162,43 @@ static void checkBasicAttributes(BasicFileAttributes attrs1,
 
         // check size
         if (attrs1.isRegularFile())
-            assertTrue(attrs1.size() == attrs2.size());
+            assertEquals(attrs1.size(), attrs2.size());
+    }
+
+    static void setWindowsLinkAttributes(Path link) throws IOException {
+        // Set the timestamp to 2000-01-01T00:00:00Z.
+        FileTime time = FileTime.from(946684800, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+
+        BasicFileAttributeView basicView =
+            getFileAttributeView(link, BasicFileAttributeView.class, NOFOLLOW_LINKS);
+        basicView.setTimes(/* mtime */ time, /* atime */ null, /* creation */ time);
+
+        DosFileAttributeView dosView =
+            getFileAttributeView(link, DosFileAttributeView.class, NOFOLLOW_LINKS);
+        dosView.setHidden(true);
     }
 
     static void checkPosixAttributes(PosixFileAttributes attrs1,
                                      PosixFileAttributes attrs2)
     {
-        assertTrue(attrs1.permissions().equals(attrs2.permissions()),
+        assertEquals(attrs1.permissions(), attrs2.permissions(),
             "permissions%n1 (%d): %s%n2 (%d): %s%n%n",
              attrs1.permissions().size(), attrs1.permissions(),
              attrs2.permissions().size(), attrs2.permissions());
-        assertTrue(attrs1.owner().equals(attrs2.owner()),
+        assertEquals(attrs1.owner(), attrs2.owner(),
              "owner%n1: %s%n2: %s%n%n", attrs1.owner(), attrs2.owner());
-        assertTrue(attrs1.group().equals(attrs2.group()),
+        assertEquals(attrs1.group(), attrs2.group(),
              "group%n1: %s%n2: %s%n%n", attrs1.group(), attrs2.group());
     }
 
     static void checkDosAttributes(DosFileAttributes attrs1,
                                    DosFileAttributes attrs2)
     {
-        assertTrue(attrs1.isReadOnly() == attrs2.isReadOnly(),
+        assertEquals(attrs1.isReadOnly(), attrs2.isReadOnly(),
             "isReadOnly%n1: %s%n2: %s%n%n", attrs1.isReadOnly(), attrs2.isReadOnly());
-        assertTrue(attrs1.isHidden() == attrs2.isHidden(),
+        assertEquals(attrs1.isHidden(), attrs2.isHidden(),
             "isHidden%n1: %s%n2: %s%n%n", attrs1.isHidden(), attrs2.isHidden());
-        assertTrue(attrs1.isSystem() == attrs2.isSystem(),
+        assertEquals(attrs1.isSystem(), attrs2.isSystem(),
             "isSystem%n1: %s%n2: %s%n%n", attrs1.isSystem(), attrs2.isSystem());
     }
 
@@ -197,7 +210,7 @@ static void checkUserDefinedFileAttributes(Map<String,ByteBuffer> attrs1,
             ByteBuffer bb1 = attrs1.get(name);
             ByteBuffer bb2 = attrs2.get(name);
             assertTrue(bb2 != null);
-            assertTrue(bb1.equals(bb2));
+            assertEquals(bb1, bb2);
         }
     }
 
@@ -211,7 +224,7 @@ static Map<String,ByteBuffer> readUserDefinedFileAttributes(Path file)
             int size = view.size(name);
             ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocate(size);
             int n = view.read(name, bb);
-            assertTrue(n == size);
+            assertEquals(n, size);
             bb.flip();
             result.put(name, bb);
         }
@@ -256,7 +269,7 @@ static void moveAndVerify(Path source, Path target, CopyOption... options)
 
         // move file
         Path result = move(source, target, options);
-        assertTrue(result == target);
+        assertEquals(result, target);
 
         // verify source does not exist
         assertTrue(notExists(source));
@@ -677,12 +690,74 @@ static void testMove(Path dir1, Path dir2, boolean supportsSymbolicLinks)
         delete(source);
     }
 
+    static void checkTargetAttributes(Path source, Path target,
+                                      BasicFileAttributes sourceAttrs)
+        throws IOException
+    {
+        checkBasicAttributes(sourceAttrs,
+            readAttributes(target, BasicFileAttributes.class));
+
+        // check POSIX attributes are copied
+        if (!Platform.isWindows() && testPosixAttributes) {
+            checkPosixAttributes(
+                readAttributes(source, PosixFileAttributes.class),
+                readAttributes(target, PosixFileAttributes.class));
+        }
+
+        // verify other attributes when same provider
+        if (source.getFileSystem().provider() == target.getFileSystem().provider()) {
+            // check DOS attributes are copied
+            if (Platform.isWindows()) {
+                checkDosAttributes(
+                    readAttributes(source, DosFileAttributes.class),
+                    readAttributes(target, DosFileAttributes.class));
+            }
+
+            // check named attributes are copied
+            if (getFileStore(source).supportsFileAttributeView("xattr") &&
+                getFileStore(target).supportsFileAttributeView("xattr"))
+            {
+                checkUserDefinedFileAttributes(readUserDefinedFileAttributes(source),
+                                               readUserDefinedFileAttributes(target));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void checkSymLinkAttributes(Path source, Path target,
+                                       BasicFileAttributes sourceAttrs)
+        throws IOException
+    {
+        assertTrue(sourceAttrs.isSymbolicLink());
+
+        BasicFileAttributes targetAttrs =
+            readAttributes(target, BasicFileAttributes.class, NOFOLLOW_LINKS);
+        checkBasicAttributes(sourceAttrs, targetAttrs);
+
+        // verify other attributes when same provider and on Windows
+        if (Platform.isWindows() && source.getFileSystem().provider() ==
+                target.getFileSystem().provider()) {
+            // check that timestamps on the source are retained for the target
+            FileTime srcCreationTime = sourceAttrs.creationTime();
+            FileTime tgtCreationTime = targetAttrs.creationTime();
+            assertEquals(srcCreationTime, tgtCreationTime);
+
+            FileTime srcModTime = sourceAttrs.lastModifiedTime();
+            FileTime tgtModTime = targetAttrs.lastModifiedTime();
+            assertEquals(srcModTime, tgtModTime);
+
+            // check DOS attributes are copied
+            checkDosAttributes(
+                readAttributes(source, DosFileAttributes.class, NOFOLLOW_LINKS),
+                readAttributes(target, DosFileAttributes.class, NOFOLLOW_LINKS));
+        }
+    }
+
     // copy source to target with verification
     static void copyAndVerify(Path source, Path target, CopyOption... options)
         throws IOException
     {
         Path result = copy(source, target, options);
-        assertTrue(result == target);
+        assertEquals(result, target);
 
         // get attributes of source and target file to verify copy
         boolean followLinks = true;
@@ -701,41 +776,18 @@ static void copyAndVerify(Path source, Path target, CopyOption... options)
 
         // check hash if regular file
         if (basicAttributes.isRegularFile())
-            assertTrue(computeHash(source) == computeHash(target));
+            assertEquals(computeHash(source), computeHash(target));
 
         // check link target if symbolic link
         if (basicAttributes.isSymbolicLink())
-            assert(readSymbolicLink(source).equals(readSymbolicLink(target)));
+            assertEquals(readSymbolicLink(source), readSymbolicLink(target));
 
         // check that attributes are copied
-        if (copyAttributes && followLinks) {
-            checkBasicAttributes(basicAttributes,
-                readAttributes(source, BasicFileAttributes.class, linkOptions));
-
-            // check POSIX attributes are copied
-            if (!Platform.isWindows() && testPosixAttributes) {
-                checkPosixAttributes(
-                    readAttributes(source, PosixFileAttributes.class, linkOptions),
-                    readAttributes(target, PosixFileAttributes.class, linkOptions));
-            }
-
-            // verify other attributes when same provider
-            if (source.getFileSystem().provider() == target.getFileSystem().provider()) {
-                // check DOS attributes are copied
-                if (Platform.isWindows()) {
-                    checkDosAttributes(
-                        readAttributes(source, DosFileAttributes.class, linkOptions),
-                        readAttributes(target, DosFileAttributes.class, linkOptions));
-                }
-
-                // check named attributes are copied
-                if (followLinks &&
-                    getFileStore(source).supportsFileAttributeView("xattr") &&
-                    getFileStore(target).supportsFileAttributeView("xattr"))
-                {
-                    checkUserDefinedFileAttributes(readUserDefinedFileAttributes(source),
-                                                   readUserDefinedFileAttributes(target));
-                }
+        if (copyAttributes) {
+            if (followLinks) {
+                checkTargetAttributes(source, target, basicAttributes);
+            } else if (basicAttributes.isSymbolicLink()) {
+                checkSymLinkAttributes(source, target, basicAttributes);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -970,6 +1022,23 @@ static void testCopyFileToFile(Path dir1, Path dir2, boolean supportsSymbolicLin
             delete(source);
         }
 
+        /**
+         * Test: Copy link + attributes
+         */
+        if (supportsSymbolicLinks) {
+            source = createSourceFile(dir1);
+            link = dir1.resolve("link");
+            createSymbolicLink(link, source);
+            if (Platform.isWindows()) {
+                setWindowsLinkAttributes(link);
+            }
+
+            target = getTargetFile(dir2);
+            copyAndVerify(link, target, NOFOLLOW_LINKS, COPY_ATTRIBUTES);
+            delete(link);
+            delete(source);
+        }
+
         /**
          * Test: Copy link (to directory)
          */
@@ -984,6 +1053,24 @@ static void testCopyFileToFile(Path dir1, Path dir2, boolean supportsSymbolicLin
             delete(source);
         }
 
+        /**
+         * Test: Copy link to directory + attributes
+         */
+        if (supportsSymbolicLinks) {
+            source = dir1.resolve("mydir");
+            createDirectory(source);
+            link = dir1.resolve("link");
+            createSymbolicLink(link, source);
+            if (Platform.isWindows()) {
+                setWindowsLinkAttributes(link);
+            }
+
+            target = getTargetFile(dir2);
+            copyAndVerify(link, target, NOFOLLOW_LINKS, COPY_ATTRIBUTES);
+            delete(link);
+            delete(source);
+        }
+
         /**
          * Test: Copy broken link
          */
@@ -1121,9 +1208,9 @@ static void testCopyInputStreamToFile(int size) throws IOException {
                 } else {
                     n = copy(in, target);
                 }
-                assertTrue(in.read() == -1);   // EOF
-                assertTrue(n == size);
-                assertTrue(size(target) == size);
+                assertEquals(in.read(), -1);   // EOF
+                assertEquals(n, size);
+                assertEquals(size(target), size);
             } finally {
                 in.close();
             }
@@ -1171,15 +1258,15 @@ static void testCopyFileToOuputStream(int size) throws IOException {
             ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
 
             long n = copy(source, out);
-            assertTrue(n == size);
-            assertTrue(out.size() == size);
+            assertEquals(n, size);
+            assertEquals(out.size(), size);
 
             byte[] read = out.toByteArray();
             assertTrue(Arrays.equals(read, b));
 
             // check output stream is open
             out.write(0);
-            assertTrue(out.size() == size+1);
+            assertEquals(out.size(), size+1);
         } finally {
             delete(source);
         }
@@ -1197,6 +1284,25 @@ static void assertTrue(boolean value, String format, Object... args) {
         }
     }
 
+    static void assertEquals(long lhs, long rhs) {
+        if (lhs != rhs) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("assertEquals: " + lhs + " != " + rhs);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void assertEquals(Object lhs, Object rhs) {
+        assertEquals(lhs, rhs, null);
+    }
+
+    static void assertEquals(Object lhs, Object rhs, String format, Object... args) {
+        if (!Objects.equals(lhs, rhs)) {
+            String msg = format == null
+                ? "assertEquals: " + Objects.toString(lhs) + " != " + Objects.toString(rhs)
+                : String.format(format, args);
+            throw new RuntimeException(msg);
+        }
+    }
+
     // computes simple hash of the given file
     static int computeHash(Path file) throws IOException {
         int h = 0;

From 134c07f4fa4a4cf71b0e96b40c372a96371616f1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ioi Lam <iklam@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 2026 16:29:29 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 582/707] 8390447: Update ProblemList-Xcomp.txt entries for
 8388438

Reviewed-by: dholmes
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt | 2 --
 1 file changed, 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt
index 1262c1698bd..c6443fd3f93 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Xcomp.txt
@@ -62,5 +62,3 @@ gc/arguments/TestNewSizeFlags.java 8299116 macosx-aarch64
 #############################################################################
 
 # Value Objects failures start here:
-runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/AOTMapTest.java#valhalla 8388438 generic-all
-runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedFlatArrayTest.java 8388438 generic-all

From c328739ac02fe6d241a5810235cd512f52d5b248 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ioi Lam <iklam@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 2026 16:29:59 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 583/707] 8390357: AOTMapTest.java fails
 --vmoptions:--enable-preview

Reviewed-by: thartmann, lfoltan
---
 .../cds/appcds/aotCache/AOTMapTest.java        | 18 ++++++++----------
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/AOTMapTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/AOTMapTest.java
index 5f9652dc7be..61416929e6d 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/AOTMapTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/AOTMapTest.java
@@ -66,13 +66,12 @@
  *                 AOTMapTestValhallaHelper$Wrapper
  *                 AOTMapTestValhallaHelper$WrapperWrapper
  *                 AOTMapTestValhallaHelper$ArchivedData
- * @run main/othervm/timeout=240 AOTMapTest AOT --two-step-training
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=240 AOTMapTest AOT --two-step-training Valhalla
  */
 
 import java.io.File;
 import java.net.URL;
 import java.net.URLClassLoader;
-import jdk.internal.misc.PreviewFeatures;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSAppTester;
 import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
@@ -82,12 +81,9 @@ public class AOTMapTest {
     static final String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("app.jar");
     static final String mainClass = "AOTMapTestApp";
     static final String classLoadLogFile = "production.class.load.log";
-
+    static boolean testValhalla;
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        doTest(args);
-    }
-
-    public static void doTest(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        testValhalla = args.length >= 3 && args[2].equals("Valhalla");
         Tester tester = new Tester();
         tester.run(args);
 
@@ -137,7 +133,7 @@ public String[] vmArgs(RunMode runMode) {
             vmArgs.add("--add-exports");
             vmArgs.add("java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED");
 
-            if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled()) {
+            if (testValhalla) {
                 vmArgs.add("--enable-preview");
                 vmArgs.add("--add-exports");
                 vmArgs.add("java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED");
@@ -165,6 +161,7 @@ public String[] vmArgs(RunMode runMode) {
         public String[] appCommandLine(RunMode runMode) {
             return new String[] {
                 mainClass,
+                testValhalla ? "Valhalla" : "none"
             };
         }
     }
@@ -176,9 +173,10 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         System.out.println("Hello AOTMapTestApp");
         testCustomLoader();
 
-        if (PreviewFeatures.isEnabled()) {
+        if (args[0].equals("Valhalla")) {
             Class<?> c = Class.forName("AOTMapTestValhallaHelper");
-            c.newInstance();
+            Object o = c.newInstance();
+            System.out.println(o);
         }
     }
 

From f5a59340d990e3fc8cf5a7e50e096d3d37d926f5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jaikiran Pai <jpai@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 2026 16:44:33 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 584/707] 8390202: Typos in the javadoc of various classes in
 jdk.sctp module

Reviewed-by: dfuchs
---
 .../share/classes/com/sun/nio/sctp/MessageInfo.java       | 8 ++++----
 .../share/classes/com/sun/nio/sctp/SctpChannel.java       | 8 ++++----
 .../share/classes/com/sun/nio/sctp/SctpMultiChannel.java  | 4 ++--
 3 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.sctp/share/classes/com/sun/nio/sctp/MessageInfo.java b/src/jdk.sctp/share/classes/com/sun/nio/sctp/MessageInfo.java
index 8fdd4e31bd9..9440f15c02f 100644
--- a/src/jdk.sctp/share/classes/com/sun/nio/sctp/MessageInfo.java
+++ b/src/jdk.sctp/share/classes/com/sun/nio/sctp/MessageInfo.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2009, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2009, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ public static MessageInfo createOutgoing(Association association,
      * otherwise the preferred destination of the message to be sent.
      *
      * @return  The socket address, or {@code null} if this instance is to be
-     *          used for sending a message and has been construced without
+     *          used for sending a message and has been constructed without
      *          specifying a preferred destination address
      *
      */
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ public static MessageInfo createOutgoing(Association association,
      * sent on.
      *
      * @return The association, or {@code null} if this instance is to be
-     *         used for sending a message and has been construced using the
+     *         used for sending a message and has been constructed using the
      *         the {@link #createOutgoing(SocketAddress,int)
      *         createOutgoing(SocketAddress,int)} static factory method
      */
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ public static MessageInfo createOutgoing(Association association,
     /**
      * Returns the number of bytes read for the received message.
      *
-     * <P> This method is only appicable for received messages, it has no
+     * <P> This method is only applicable for received messages, it has no
      * meaning for messages being sent.
      *
      * @return  The number of bytes read, {@code -1} if the channel is an {@link
diff --git a/src/jdk.sctp/share/classes/com/sun/nio/sctp/SctpChannel.java b/src/jdk.sctp/share/classes/com/sun/nio/sctp/SctpChannel.java
index 312a143a8e4..9e38f5fb7bd 100644
--- a/src/jdk.sctp/share/classes/com/sun/nio/sctp/SctpChannel.java
+++ b/src/jdk.sctp/share/classes/com/sun/nio/sctp/SctpChannel.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2009, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2009, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ public abstract SctpChannel unbindAddress(InetAddress address)
     /**
      * Connects this channel's socket.
      *
-     * <P> This is a convience method and is equivalent to evaluating the
+     * <P> This is a convenience method and is equivalent to evaluating the
      * following expression:
      * <blockquote><pre>
      * setOption(SctpStandardSocketOptions.SCTP_INIT_MAXSTREAMS, SctpStandardSocketOption.InitMaxStreams.create(maxInStreams, maxOutStreams))
@@ -723,7 +723,7 @@ public final int validOps() {
      * does not contain the complete message, then an invocation of {@link
      * MessageInfo#isComplete isComplete} on the returned {@code
      * MessageInfo} will return {@code false}, and more invocations of this
-     * method will be necessary to completely consume the messgae. Only
+     * method will be necessary to completely consume the message. Only
      * one message at a time will be partially delivered in any stream. The
      * socket option {@link SctpStandardSocketOptions#SCTP_FRAGMENT_INTERLEAVE
      * SCTP_FRAGMENT_INTERLEAVE} controls various aspects of what interlacing of
@@ -829,7 +829,7 @@ public abstract <T> MessageInfo receive(ByteBuffer dst,
      *          output buffer
      *
      * @throws  InvalidStreamException
-     *          If {@code streamNumner} is negative or greater than or equal to
+     *          If {@code streamNumber} is negative or greater than or equal to
      *          the maximum number of outgoing streams
      *
      * @throws  java.nio.channels.ClosedChannelException
diff --git a/src/jdk.sctp/share/classes/com/sun/nio/sctp/SctpMultiChannel.java b/src/jdk.sctp/share/classes/com/sun/nio/sctp/SctpMultiChannel.java
index 54b5bb796b0..d877b5a5fef 100644
--- a/src/jdk.sctp/share/classes/com/sun/nio/sctp/SctpMultiChannel.java
+++ b/src/jdk.sctp/share/classes/com/sun/nio/sctp/SctpMultiChannel.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2009, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2009, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ public final int validOps() {
      * contain the complete message, then an invocation of {@link
      * MessageInfo#isComplete isComplete} on the returned {@code
      * MessageInfo} will return {@code false}, and more invocations of this
-     * method will be necessary to completely consume the messgae. Only
+     * method will be necessary to completely consume the message. Only
      * one message at a time will be partially delivered in any stream. The
      * socket option {@link SctpStandardSocketOptions#SCTP_FRAGMENT_INTERLEAVE
      * SCTP_FRAGMENT_INTERLEAVE} controls various aspects of what interlacing of

From 0d2320aea28c47106b08fbc701fc09250cd5b4dd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matias Saavedra Silva <matsaave@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 2026 18:48:56 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 585/707] 8368350: Do not support -XX:+AOTClassLinking for
 static CDS archive

Reviewed-by: iklam, lfoltan, asmehra
---
 src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp           | 13 ++-
 test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups                | 76 +-------------
 .../appcds/LambdaWithUseImplMethodHandle.java |  9 +-
 .../AOTClassLinkingVMOptions.java             |  0
 .../AOTClassLinkingVerification.java          |  0
 .../AOTLoaderConstraintsTest.java             |  0
 .../aotClassLinking/AddExports.java           |  0
 .../aotClassLinking/AddOpens.java             |  0
 .../aotClassLinking/AddReads.java             |  0
 .../aotClassLinking/BadNewClass.jasm          |  0
 .../aotClassLinking/BadNewClass2.jasm         |  0
 .../aotClassLinking/BadNewClass3.jasm         |  0
 .../aotClassLinking/BadNewClass4.jasm         |  0
 .../aotClassLinking/BadOldClass.jasm          |  0
 .../aotClassLinking/BadOldClass2.jasm         |  0
 .../aotClassLinking/BadOldClass3.jasm         |  0
 .../aotClassLinking/BadOldClass4.jasm         |  0
 .../aotClassLinking/BadOldClassA.jasm         |  0
 .../aotClassLinking/BadOldClassB.jasm         |  0
 .../aotClassLinking/BootClass.java            |  0
 .../aotClassLinking/BulkLoaderTest.java       | 23 +++--
 .../aotClassLinking/FakeCodeLocation.java     |  0
 .../GeneratedInternedString.java              |  0
 .../aotClassLinking/GoodOldClass.jasm         |  0
 .../InitiatingLoaderTester.jasm               |  0
 .../LambdaInExcludedClass.java                | 12 +--
 .../aotClassLinking/MethodHandleTest.java     |  0
 .../NonFinalStaticWithInitVal.java            |  0
 .../NonFinalStaticWithInitVal_Helper.jasm     |  0
 .../aotClassLinking/StringConcatStress.java   |  4 +-
 .../aotClassLinking/TestSetupAOTTest.java     |  0
 .../aotClassLinking/TrainingRun.java          |  0
 .../aotClassLinking/WeakReferenceTest.java    |  0
 ...DynamicDumpWithAOTLinkedStaticArchive.java | 60 -----------
 .../runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AOTFlags.java | 14 ++-
 .../jvmti/CFLH/ClassFileLoadHookTest.java     | 99 ++++++++++++++-----
 .../resolvedConstants/ResolvedConstants.java  |  3 +-
 37 files changed, 123 insertions(+), 190 deletions(-)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/AOTClassLinkingVMOptions.java (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/AOTClassLinkingVerification.java (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/AOTLoaderConstraintsTest.java (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/AddExports.java (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/AddOpens.java (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/AddReads.java (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/BadNewClass.jasm (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/BadNewClass2.jasm (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/BadNewClass3.jasm (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/BadNewClass4.jasm (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/BadOldClass.jasm (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/BadOldClass2.jasm (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/BadOldClass3.jasm (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/BadOldClass4.jasm (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/BadOldClassA.jasm (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/BadOldClassB.jasm (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/BootClass.java (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/BulkLoaderTest.java (94%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/FakeCodeLocation.java (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/GeneratedInternedString.java (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/GoodOldClass.jasm (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/InitiatingLoaderTester.jasm (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/LambdaInExcludedClass.java (90%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/MethodHandleTest.java (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/NonFinalStaticWithInitVal.java (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/NonFinalStaticWithInitVal_Helper.jasm (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/StringConcatStress.java (99%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/TestSetupAOTTest.java (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/TrainingRun.java (100%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/{ => aotCache}/aotClassLinking/WeakReferenceTest.java (100%)
 delete mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/DynamicDumpWithAOTLinkedStaticArchive.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp
index 3e51712c75e..c07884a13cc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/cdsConfig.cpp
@@ -767,11 +767,20 @@ void CDSConfig::setup_compiler_args() {
 void CDSConfig::prepare_for_dumping() {
   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive(), "sanity");
 
+  if (is_dumping_classic_static_archive() && AOTClassLinking) {
+    if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(AOTClassLinking)) {
+      log_warning(cds)("AOTClassLinking is not supported for classic CDS archive");
+    }
+    FLAG_SET_ERGO(AOTClassLinking, false);
+    FLAG_SET_ERGO(AOTInvokeDynamicLinking, false);
+  }
+
   if (is_dumping_dynamic_archive() && AOTClassLinking) {
     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(AOTClassLinking)) {
       log_warning(cds)("AOTClassLinking is not supported for dynamic CDS archive");
     }
     FLAG_SET_ERGO(AOTClassLinking, false);
+    FLAG_SET_ERGO(AOTInvokeDynamicLinking, false);
   }
 
   if (is_dumping_dynamic_archive() && !is_using_archive()) {
@@ -949,7 +958,7 @@ bool CDSConfig::is_preserving_verification_constraints() {
   } else if (is_dumping_final_static_archive()) { // writing AOT cache
     return is_dumping_aot_linked_classes();
   } else if (is_dumping_classic_static_archive()) {
-    return is_dumping_aot_linked_classes();
+    return false;
   } else {
     return false;
   }
@@ -1055,7 +1064,7 @@ void CDSConfig::stop_using_full_module_graph(const char* reason) {
 }
 
 bool CDSConfig::is_dumping_aot_linked_classes() {
-  if (is_dumping_classic_static_archive() || is_dumping_final_static_archive()) {
+  if (is_dumping_final_static_archive()) {
     // FMG is required to guarantee that all cached boot/platform/app classes
     // are visible in the production run, so they can be unconditionally
     // loaded during VM bootstrap.
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
index 8e30e73a182..0216f5f1355 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/TEST.groups
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ tier1_compiler_1 = \
   -compiler/classUnloading/methodUnloading/TestOverloadCompileQueues.java \
   -compiler/codecache/stress \
   -compiler/codegen/aes
-  
+
 tier1_compiler_2 = \
   compiler/gcbarriers/ \
   compiler/igvn/ \
@@ -445,7 +445,6 @@ hotspot_appcds_dynamic = \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/agent \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/aotAnnotations \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags \
  -runtime/cds/appcds/aotProfile \
@@ -540,79 +539,6 @@ hotspot_cds_epsilongc = \
   runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw \
   runtime/cds/appcds/loaderConstraints
 
-# Run "old" CDS tests with -XX:+AOTClassLinking. This should include most CDS tests, except for
-# those that rely on redefining classes that are already archived.
-# Note that appcds/aotXXX directories are excluded -- those tests already specifically
-# test AOT class linking, so there's no need to run them again with -XX:+AOTClassLinking.
-hotspot_aot_classlinking = \
-  runtime/cds \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/agent \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/aotAnnotations \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/aotProfile \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/ArchivedFieldMetadataMismatchTest.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/BadBSM.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedIntegerCacheTest.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchivedModuleCompareTest.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/CDSandJFR.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/LambdaContainsOldInf.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/customLoader/CustomClassListDump.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/customLoader/HelloCustom_JFR.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/customLoader/OldClassAndInf.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/customLoader/ParallelTestMultiFP.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/customLoader/ParallelTestSingleFP.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/customLoader/SameNameInTwoLoadersTest.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/DumpClassListWithLF.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/dynamicArchive \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/HelloExtTest.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/InlineFieldExclusionTest.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/classpathtests/EmptyClassInBootClassPath.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/ExactOptionMatch.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/JigsawOptionsCombo.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/AddModules.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/JvmtiAddPath.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/MainModuleOnly.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/ModulePathAndCP.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/ModulePathAndCP_JFR.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/ModulePathAndFMG.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/overridetests/OverrideTests.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/RedefineClassesInModuleGraph.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/JvmtiAddPath.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/jvmti \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/LambdaProxyClasslist.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/loaderConstraints/LoaderConstraintsTest.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/methodHandles \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/NestHostOldInf.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/OldClassTest.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/OldClassWithjsr.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/OldInfExtendsInfDefMeth.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/OldSuperClass.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/OldSuperInfIndirect.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/OldSuperInf.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/redefineClass \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/resolvedConstants/AOTLinkedLambdas.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/resolvedConstants/AOTLinkedVarHandles.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/resolvedConstants/ResolvedConstants.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/RewriteBytecodesInlineTest.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/RewriteBytecodesTest.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/SignedJar.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/SpecifySysLoaderProp.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/StaticArchiveWithLambda.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/TestEpsilonGCWithCDS.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/TestParallelGCWithCDS.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/TestSerialGCWithCDS.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/TestZGCWithCDS.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/TestWithProfiler.java \
- -runtime/cds/appcds/VerifyObjArrayCloneTest.java \
- -runtime/cds/serviceability/ReplaceCriticalClassesForSubgraphs.java \
- -runtime/cds/serviceability/ReplaceCriticalClasses.java \
- -runtime/cds/serviceability/transformRelatedClasses/TransformInterfaceAndImplementor.java \
- -runtime/cds/serviceability/transformRelatedClasses/TransformSuperAndSubClasses.java \
- -runtime/cds/serviceability/transformRelatedClasses/TransformSuperSubTwoPckgs.java
-
 # needs -nativepath:<output>/images/test/hotspot/jtreg/native/
 hotspot_metaspace = \
   gtest/MetaspaceGtests.java \
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/LambdaWithUseImplMethodHandle.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/LambdaWithUseImplMethodHandle.java
index 5870b4cc36c..c1e21db4c69 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/LambdaWithUseImplMethodHandle.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/LambdaWithUseImplMethodHandle.java
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
  * @bug 8290417
  * @summary CDS cannot archive lambda proxy with useImplMethodHandle
  * @requires vm.cds
- * @requires vm.cds.supports.aot.class.linking
  * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes
  * @build pkg1.BaseWithProtectedMethod
  * @build pkg2.Child
@@ -44,11 +43,10 @@ public class LambdaWithUseImplMethodHandle {
 
     // See pkg2/Child.jcod for details about the condition that triggers JDK-8290417
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        test(false);
-        test(true);
+        test();
     }
 
-    static void test(boolean aotClassLinking) throws Exception {
+    static void test() throws Exception {
         String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("test.jar");
         String mainClass = "LambdaWithUseImplMethodHandleApp";
         String expectedMsg = "Called BaseWithProtectedMethod::protectedMethod";
@@ -63,9 +61,6 @@ static void test(boolean aotClassLinking) throws Exception {
             .addPrefix("-XX:ExtraSharedClassListFile=" + classList,
                        "-cp", appJar)
             .setArchiveName(archiveName);
-        if (aotClassLinking) {
-            opts.addPrefix("-XX:+AOTClassLinking");
-        }
         CDSTestUtils.createArchiveAndCheck(opts);
 
         // run with archive
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/AOTClassLinkingVMOptions.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AOTClassLinkingVMOptions.java
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/AOTClassLinkingVMOptions.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AOTClassLinkingVMOptions.java
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/AOTClassLinkingVerification.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AOTClassLinkingVerification.java
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/AOTClassLinkingVerification.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AOTClassLinkingVerification.java
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/AOTLoaderConstraintsTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AOTLoaderConstraintsTest.java
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/AOTLoaderConstraintsTest.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AOTLoaderConstraintsTest.java
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/AddExports.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddExports.java
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/AddExports.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddExports.java
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/AddOpens.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddOpens.java
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/AddOpens.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddOpens.java
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/AddReads.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddReads.java
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/AddReads.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddReads.java
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BadNewClass.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BadNewClass.jasm
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BadNewClass.jasm
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BadNewClass.jasm
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BadNewClass2.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BadNewClass2.jasm
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BadNewClass2.jasm
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BadNewClass2.jasm
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BadNewClass3.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BadNewClass3.jasm
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BadNewClass3.jasm
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BadNewClass3.jasm
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BadNewClass4.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BadNewClass4.jasm
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BadNewClass4.jasm
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BadNewClass4.jasm
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BadOldClass.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BadOldClass.jasm
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BadOldClass.jasm
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BadOldClass.jasm
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BadOldClass2.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BadOldClass2.jasm
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BadOldClass2.jasm
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BadOldClass2.jasm
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BadOldClass3.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BadOldClass3.jasm
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BadOldClass3.jasm
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BadOldClass3.jasm
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BadOldClass4.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BadOldClass4.jasm
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BadOldClass4.jasm
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BadOldClass4.jasm
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BadOldClassA.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BadOldClassA.jasm
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BadOldClassA.jasm
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BadOldClassA.jasm
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BadOldClassB.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BadOldClassB.jasm
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BadOldClassB.jasm
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BadOldClassB.jasm
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BootClass.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BootClass.java
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BootClass.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BootClass.java
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BulkLoaderTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BulkLoaderTest.java
similarity index 94%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BulkLoaderTest.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BulkLoaderTest.java
index 482f8fb4ad0..9bebaa7a152 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/BulkLoaderTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/BulkLoaderTest.java
@@ -91,15 +91,18 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
 
         // Run without archived FMG -- fail to load
         {
-            final String archiveType = (args[0].equals("AOT")) ? "AOT cache" : "shared archive file";
             String extraVmArgs[] = {
-                "-Xlog:cds",
+                "-Xlog:aot,cds",
                 "-Djdk.module.showModuleResolution=true"
             };
             t.setCheckExitValue(false);
             OutputAnalyzer out = t.productionRun(extraVmArgs);
-            out.shouldHaveExitValue(1);
-            out.shouldContain(archiveType + " has aot-linked classes. It cannot be used when archived full module graph is not used.");
+            if (args[0].equals("AOT")) {
+                out.shouldHaveExitValue(1);
+                out.shouldContain("AOT cache has aot-linked classes. It cannot be used when archived full module graph is not used.");
+            } else {
+                out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+            }
             t.setCheckExitValue(true);
         }
     }
@@ -117,10 +120,14 @@ public String classpath(RunMode runMode) {
 
         @Override
         public String[] vmArgs(RunMode runMode) {
-            return new String[] {
-                "-Xlog:cds,aot,aot+load,cds+class=debug,aot+class=debug",
-                "-XX:+AOTClassLinking",
-            };
+            if (runMode == RunMode.DUMP_STATIC) {
+                return new String[] { "-Xlog:cds,aot,aot+load,cds+class=debug,aot+class=debug" };
+            } else {
+                return new String[] {
+                    "-Xlog:cds,aot,aot+load,cds+class=debug,aot+class=debug",
+                    "-XX:+AOTClassLinking",
+                };
+            }
         }
 
         @Override
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/FakeCodeLocation.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/FakeCodeLocation.java
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/FakeCodeLocation.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/FakeCodeLocation.java
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/GeneratedInternedString.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/GeneratedInternedString.java
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/GeneratedInternedString.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/GeneratedInternedString.java
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/GoodOldClass.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/GoodOldClass.jasm
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/GoodOldClass.jasm
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/GoodOldClass.jasm
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/InitiatingLoaderTester.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/InitiatingLoaderTester.jasm
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/InitiatingLoaderTester.jasm
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/InitiatingLoaderTester.jasm
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/LambdaInExcludedClass.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/LambdaInExcludedClass.java
similarity index 90%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/LambdaInExcludedClass.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/LambdaInExcludedClass.java
index c91e999c40f..45bcad3f9b9 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/LambdaInExcludedClass.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/LambdaInExcludedClass.java
@@ -30,11 +30,10 @@
  * @library /test/jdk/lib/testlibrary /test/lib
  * @build LambdaInExcludedClass
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller LambdaInExcludedClassApp
- * @run driver LambdaInExcludedClass STATIC
+ * @run driver LambdaInExcludedClass AOT
  */
 
 import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSAppTester;
-import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
 import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
 
 public class LambdaInExcludedClass {
@@ -42,7 +41,7 @@ public class LambdaInExcludedClass {
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         Tester t = new Tester();
-        t.run(args);
+        t.runAOTWorkflow(args);
     }
 
     static class Tester extends CDSAppTester {
@@ -60,8 +59,8 @@ public String classpath(RunMode runMode) {
         @Override
         public String[] vmArgs(RunMode runMode) {
             return new String[] {
+                "-Xlog:aot",
                 "-Xmx128m",
-                "-XX:+AOTClassLinking",
                 "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions",
                 "-XX:+UseEpsilonGC",
             };
@@ -76,10 +75,9 @@ public String[] appCommandLine(RunMode runMode) {
 
         @Override
         public void checkExecution(OutputAnalyzer out, RunMode runMode) throws Exception {
-            if (runMode == RunMode.DUMP_STATIC) {
+            if (runMode == RunMode.TRAINING) {
                 out.shouldContain("Skipping LambdaInExcludedClassApp: Unsupported location");
-                out.shouldContain("Cannot aot-resolve constants for LambdaInExcludedClassApp because it is excluded");
-            } else {
+            } else if (runMode == RunMode.PRODUCTION) {
                 out.shouldContain("Hello LambdaInExcludedClassApp");
             }
         }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/MethodHandleTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/MethodHandleTest.java
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/MethodHandleTest.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/MethodHandleTest.java
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/NonFinalStaticWithInitVal.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/NonFinalStaticWithInitVal.java
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/NonFinalStaticWithInitVal.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/NonFinalStaticWithInitVal.java
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/NonFinalStaticWithInitVal_Helper.jasm b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/NonFinalStaticWithInitVal_Helper.jasm
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/NonFinalStaticWithInitVal_Helper.jasm
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/NonFinalStaticWithInitVal_Helper.jasm
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/StringConcatStress.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/StringConcatStress.java
similarity index 99%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/StringConcatStress.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/StringConcatStress.java
index 81bf28010b1..676a98ff387 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/StringConcatStress.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/StringConcatStress.java
@@ -64,9 +64,7 @@ public String classpath(RunMode runMode) {
         }
 
         public String[] vmArgs(RunMode runMode) {
-            return new String[] {
-                "-XX:+AOTClassLinking", // by default enables AOTInvokeDynamicLinking
-            };
+            return new String[0];
         }
 
         @Override
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/TestSetupAOTTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/TestSetupAOTTest.java
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/TestSetupAOTTest.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/TestSetupAOTTest.java
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/TrainingRun.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/TrainingRun.java
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/TrainingRun.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/TrainingRun.java
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/WeakReferenceTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/WeakReferenceTest.java
similarity index 100%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/WeakReferenceTest.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/WeakReferenceTest.java
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/DynamicDumpWithAOTLinkedStaticArchive.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/DynamicDumpWithAOTLinkedStaticArchive.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 8014ed685ee..00000000000
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotClassLinking/DynamicDumpWithAOTLinkedStaticArchive.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
- *
- * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
- * accompanied this code).
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
- * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *
- * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
- * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
- * questions.
- *
- */
-
-
-/*
- * @test
- * @bug 8374639
- * @requires vm.cds.supports.aot.class.linking
- * @library /test/lib
- * @build DynamicDumpWithAOTLinkedStaticArchive jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
- * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar TestApp
- * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI -Xbootclasspath/a:. DynamicDumpWithAOTLinkedStaticArchive
- */
-
-import jdk.test.lib.cds.SimpleCDSAppTester;
-import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
-
-public class DynamicDumpWithAOTLinkedStaticArchive {
-    public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
-        SimpleCDSAppTester.of("DynamicDumpWithAOTLinkedStaticArchive")
-            .classpath("app.jar")
-            .appCommandLine("TestApp")
-            .setGenerateBaseArchive(true)
-            .setBaseArchiveOptions("-XX:+AOTClassLinking")
-            .setProductionChecker((OutputAnalyzer out) -> {
-                    out.shouldContain("HelloWorld");
-                })
-            .runDynamicWorkflow();
-    }
-}
-
-class TestApp {
-    public static void main(String[] args) {
-        System.out.println("HelloWorld");
-        System[][][] x = new System[0][0][0];
-        System.out.println(x);
-    }
-}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AOTFlags.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AOTFlags.java
index f43155bf6d5..71879390239 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AOTFlags.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotFlags/AOTFlags.java
@@ -476,8 +476,20 @@ static void negativeTests() throws Exception {
         out.shouldHaveExitValue(1);
 
         //----------------------------------------------------------------------
-        printTestCase("Cannot use a dynamic CDS archive for -XX:AOTCache");
+        printTestCase("Cannot use a classic CDS archive with -XX:+AOTClassLinking");
         String staticArchive = "static.jsa";
+
+        pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder(
+            "-Xshare:dump",
+            "-XX:SharedArchiveFile=" + staticArchive,
+            "-XX:+AOTClassLinking");
+        out = CDSTestUtils.executeAndLog(pb, "static");
+        out.shouldContain("AOTClassLinking is not supported for classic CDS archive");
+        out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+
+        //----------------------------------------------------------------------
+        printTestCase("Cannot use a dynamic CDS archive for -XX:AOTCache");
+        staticArchive = "static.jsa";
         String dynamicArchive = "dynamic.jsa";
 
         pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder(
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jvmti/CFLH/ClassFileLoadHookTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jvmti/CFLH/ClassFileLoadHookTest.java
index 2674793c04a..d71a157fe57 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jvmti/CFLH/ClassFileLoadHookTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/jvmti/CFLH/ClassFileLoadHookTest.java
@@ -27,14 +27,18 @@
  * @summary Test jvmti class file loader hook interaction with AppCDS
  * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds
  * @requires vm.cds
+ * @requires vm.cds.supports.aot.class.linking
  * @requires vm.jvmti
  * @build ClassFileLoadHook
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
  * @run main/othervm/native ClassFileLoadHookTest
  */
 
 
 import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSOptions;
 import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSTestUtils;
+import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSAppTester;
 import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
 import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
 
@@ -46,12 +50,15 @@ public class ClassFileLoadHookTest {
         "java/sql/SQLException"
     };
 
+    static final String mainClass = "ClassFileLoadHook";
+    static String wbJar;
+    static String appJar;
+    static String useWb;
+
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        String wbJar =
-            ClassFileInstaller.writeJar("WhiteBox.jar", "jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox");
-        String appJar =
-            ClassFileInstaller.writeJar("ClassFileLoadHook.jar", sharedClasses);
-        String useWb = "-Xbootclasspath/a:" + wbJar;
+        wbJar = ClassFileInstaller.writeJar("WhiteBox.jar", "jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox");
+        appJar = ClassFileInstaller.writeJar("ClassFileLoadHook.jar", sharedClasses);
+        useWb = "-Xbootclasspath/a:" + wbJar;
 
         // First, run the test class directly, w/o sharing, as a baseline reference
         CDSOptions opts = (new CDSOptions())
@@ -61,7 +68,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
                        "-XX:+WhiteBoxAPI",
                        useWb,
                        "-agentlib:SimpleClassFileLoadHook=LoadMe,beforeHook,after_Hook",
-                       "ClassFileLoadHook",
+                       mainClass,
                        "" + ClassFileLoadHook.TestCaseId.SHARING_OFF_CFLH_ON);
         CDSTestUtils.run(opts)
                     .assertNormalExit();
@@ -71,7 +78,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         OutputAnalyzer out = TestCommon.exec(appJar,
                 "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
                 "-XX:+WhiteBoxAPI", useWb,
-                "ClassFileLoadHook",
+                mainClass,
                 "" + ClassFileLoadHook.TestCaseId.SHARING_ON_CFLH_OFF);
 
         TestCommon.checkExec(out);
@@ -82,7 +89,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
                 "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
                 "-XX:+WhiteBoxAPI", useWb,
                 "-agentlib:SimpleClassFileLoadHook=LoadMe,beforeHook,after_Hook",
-                "ClassFileLoadHook",
+                mainClass,
                 "" + ClassFileLoadHook.TestCaseId.SHARING_AUTO_CFLH_ON);
 
         opts = (new CDSOptions()).setXShareMode("auto");
@@ -93,27 +100,69 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
                 "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
                 "-XX:+WhiteBoxAPI", useWb,
                 "-agentlib:SimpleClassFileLoadHook=LoadMe,beforeHook,after_Hook",
-                "ClassFileLoadHook",
+                mainClass,
                 "" + ClassFileLoadHook.TestCaseId.SHARING_ON_CFLH_ON);
         TestCommon.checkExec(out);
 
         // JEP 483: if dumped with -XX:+AOTClassLinking, cannot use archive when CFLH is enabled
-        TestCommon.testDump(appJar, sharedClasses, useWb, "-XX:+AOTClassLinking");
-        out = TestCommon.exec(appJar,
-                "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
-                "-XX:+WhiteBoxAPI", useWb,
-                "-agentlib:SimpleClassFileLoadHook=LoadMe,beforeHook,after_Hook",
-                "-Xlog:aot",
-                "-Xlog:cds",
-                "ClassFileLoadHook",
-                "" + ClassFileLoadHook.TestCaseId.SHARING_ON_CFLH_ON);
-        if (out.contains("Using AOT-linked classes: false (static archive: no aot-linked classes")) {
-            // JTREG is executed with VM options that do not support -XX:+AOTClassLinking, so
-            // the static archive was not created with aot-linked classes.
-            out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
-        } else {
-            out.shouldContain("shared archive file has aot-linked classes. It cannot be used when JVMTI ClassFileLoadHook is in use.");
-            out.shouldNotHaveExitValue(0);
+        Tester t = new Tester();
+        t.setCheckExitValue(false);
+        t.runAOTWorkflow();
+    }
+
+    static class Tester extends CDSAppTester {
+        public Tester() {
+            super(mainClass);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String classpath(RunMode runMode) {
+            return appJar;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String[] vmArgs(RunMode runMode) {
+            if (runMode == RunMode.TRAINING) {
+                return new String[] {
+                    "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                    "-XX:+WhiteBoxAPI", useWb,
+                    "-XX:+AOTClassLinking",
+                    "-agentlib:SimpleClassFileLoadHook=LoadMe,beforeHook,after_Hook",
+                    "-Xlog:aot,cds"
+                };
+            } else if (runMode == RunMode.ASSEMBLY) {
+                return new String[] {
+                    "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                    "-XX:+WhiteBoxAPI", useWb,
+                    "-XX:+AOTClassLinking",
+                    "-agentlib:SimpleClassFileLoadHook=LoadMe,beforeHook,after_Hook",
+                    "-Xlog:aot,cds"
+                };
+            } else {
+                return new String[] {
+                    "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                    "-XX:+WhiteBoxAPI", useWb,
+                    "-agentlib:SimpleClassFileLoadHook=LoadMe,beforeHook,after_Hook",
+                    "-Xlog:aot,cds"
+                };
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String[] appCommandLine(RunMode runMode) {
+            if (runMode == RunMode.TRAINING) {
+                return new String[] { mainClass, "" + ClassFileLoadHook.TestCaseId.SHARING_OFF_CFLH_ON };
+            } else {
+                return new String[] { mainClass, "" + ClassFileLoadHook.TestCaseId.SHARING_ON_CFLH_ON };
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void checkExecution(OutputAnalyzer out, RunMode runMode) {
+            if (runMode == RunMode.PRODUCTION) {
+                out.shouldContain("AOT cache has aot-linked classes. It cannot be used when JVMTI ClassFileLoadHook is in use.");
+                out.shouldNotHaveExitValue(0);
+            }
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/resolvedConstants/ResolvedConstants.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/resolvedConstants/ResolvedConstants.java
index ea2c6fc88b4..2fc58d7fc0d 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/resolvedConstants/ResolvedConstants.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/resolvedConstants/ResolvedConstants.java
@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@
  * @test id=aot
  * @summary Dump time resolution of constant pool entries (AOT workflow).
  * @requires vm.cds
- * @requires vm.cds.supports.aot.class.linking
  * @requires vm.compMode != "Xcomp"
  * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/
  * @build OldProvider OldClass OldConsumer StringConcatTestOld
@@ -89,7 +88,7 @@ public class ResolvedConstants {
     static boolean aotClassLinking;
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         test(args, false);
-        if (!args[0].equals("DYNAMIC")) {
+        if (args[0].equals("AOT")) {
             test(args, true);
         }
     }

From 079d77cc05b56829742876cb6e944ca52478d510 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Fairoz Matte <fmatte@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 2026 18:52:46 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 586/707] 8390184: Some typos in the jdk.jdi module

Reviewed-by: cjplummer
---
 .../classes/com/sun/jdi/InconsistentDebugInfoException.java   | 4 ++--
 .../share/classes/com/sun/jdi/connect/LaunchingConnector.java | 4 ++--
 .../share/classes/com/sun/jdi/connect/spi/Connection.java     | 4 ++--
 .../classes/com/sun/jdi/request/ClassPrepareRequest.java      | 4 ++--
 .../com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorContendedEnterRequest.java     | 2 +-
 .../com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorContendedEnteredRequest.java   | 2 +-
 6 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/InconsistentDebugInfoException.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/InconsistentDebugInfoException.java
index 45904e20a99..17987fd4d7d 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/InconsistentDebugInfoException.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/InconsistentDebugInfoException.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 package com.sun.jdi;
 
 /**
- * Thrown to indicate that there is an inconistency in the debug
+ * Thrown to indicate that there is an inconsistency in the debug
  * information provided by the target VM. For example, this exception
  * is thrown if there is a type mismatch between a retrieved value's
  * runtime type and its declared type as reported by the target VM.
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/connect/LaunchingConnector.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/connect/LaunchingConnector.java
index bfe09a539cf..0381e94469b 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/connect/LaunchingConnector.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/connect/LaunchingConnector.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ public interface LaunchingConnector extends Connector {
      * received.
      * <p>
      * <b>Important note:</b> If a target VM is launched through this
-     * funcctions, its output and error streams must be read as it
+     * function, its output and error streams must be read as it
      * executes. These streams are available through the
      * {@link java.lang.Process Process} object returned by
      * {@link VirtualMachine#process}. If the streams are not periodically
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/connect/spi/Connection.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/connect/spi/Connection.java
index 0fe7bed9c09..a8758df4055 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/connect/spi/Connection.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/connect/spi/Connection.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ public Connection() {}
      *          the connection while the readPacket is in progress.
      *
      * @throws  java.io.IOException
-     *          If the length of the packet (as indictaed by the first
+     *          If the length of the packet (as indicated by the first
      *          4 bytes) is less than 11 bytes, or an I/O error occurs.
      *
      *
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/ClassPrepareRequest.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/ClassPrepareRequest.java
index 079f993c019..b2bdf2d5e7e 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/ClassPrepareRequest.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/ClassPrepareRequest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ public interface ClassPrepareRequest extends EventRequest {
      *     refType.availableStrata();
      *
      * such that a name on the list returned by
-     *     refType.sourceNames(someStratam)
+     *     refType.sourceNames(someStratum)
      *
      * matches 'sourceNamePattern'.
      * Regular expressions are limited
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorContendedEnterRequest.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorContendedEnterRequest.java
index a4bee836db2..7c2af377e50 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorContendedEnterRequest.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorContendedEnterRequest.java
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 /**
  * Request for notification of a thread in the target VM
  * attempting to enter a monitor already acquired by another thread.
- * When an enabled MonitorContededEnterRequest is satisfied, an
+ * When an enabled MonitorContendedEnterRequest is satisfied, an
  * {@link EventSet event set} containing a
  * {@link MonitorContendedEnterEvent MonitorContendedEnterEvent}
  * will be placed on the {@link EventQueue EventQueue}.
diff --git a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorContendedEnteredRequest.java b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorContendedEnteredRequest.java
index b9f55df9550..ff24d8e8937 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorContendedEnteredRequest.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jdi/share/classes/com/sun/jdi/request/MonitorContendedEnteredRequest.java
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 /**
  * Request for notification of a thread in the target VM entering a monitor
  * after waiting for it to be released by another thread.
- * When an enabled MonitorContededEnteredRequest is satisfied, an
+ * When an enabled MonitorContendedEnteredRequest is satisfied, an
  * {@link EventSet event set} containing a
  * {@link MonitorContendedEnteredEvent MonitorContendedEnteredEvent}
  * will be placed on the {@link EventQueue EventQueue}.

From efd8ae1047cb87a96a2e355c8954c557337a1b96 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yunbo Zhang <benshuai5d@163.com>
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 2026 19:46:12 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 587/707] 8378896: A make target "clean-microbenchmark", for
 micro development

Reviewed-by: erikj
---
 make/Main.gmk        | 6 +++++-
 make/MainSupport.gmk | 8 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/make/Main.gmk b/make/Main.gmk
index 198403844c3..a78fc509ff9 100644
--- a/make/Main.gmk
+++ b/make/Main.gmk
@@ -1420,6 +1420,9 @@ clean: $(CLEAN_DIR_TARGETS)
 clean-docs:
 	$(call CleanDocs)
 
+clean-microbenchmark:
+	$(call CleanMicrobenchmark)
+
 clean-compile-commands:
 	$(call CleanMakeSupportDir,compile-commands)
 
@@ -1468,7 +1471,8 @@ dist-clean: clean
 	)
 	$(ECHO) Cleaned everything, you will have to re-run configure.
 
-ALL_TARGETS += clean clean-docs clean-compile-commands dist-clean $(CLEAN_DIR_TARGETS) \
+ALL_TARGETS += clean clean-docs clean-microbenchmark clean-compile-commands \
+    dist-clean $(CLEAN_DIR_TARGETS) \
     $(CLEAN_SUPPORT_DIR_TARGETS) $(CLEAN_TEST_TARGETS) $(CLEAN_PHASE_TARGETS) \
     $(CLEAN_MODULE_TARGETS) $(CLEAN_MODULE_PHASE_TARGETS)
 
diff --git a/make/MainSupport.gmk b/make/MainSupport.gmk
index 6025cc74a94..f4bb403ab60 100644
--- a/make/MainSupport.gmk
+++ b/make/MainSupport.gmk
@@ -65,6 +65,14 @@ define CleanDocs
 	@$(ECHO) " done"
 endef
 
+define CleanMicrobenchmark
+	@$(PRINTF) "Cleaning microbenchmark build artifacts ..."
+	@$(ECHO) "" $(LOG_DEBUG)
+	$(RM) -r $(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/test/micro
+	$(RM) -r $(TEST_IMAGE_DIR)/micro
+	@$(ECHO) " done"
+endef
+
 # Cleans the dir given as $1
 define CleanDir
 	@$(PRINTF) "Cleaning %s build artifacts ..." "$(strip $1)"

From 9c924f938d51e1e78223e159a50cfa258b1fd8bf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Weijun Wang <weijun@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 30 Apr 2026 17:46:10 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 588/707] 8382471: Improve Resource Resolving

Reviewed-by: rhalade, mschoene, jnimeh, mullan
---
 .../utils/resolver/ResourceResolverSpi.java   | 25 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../implementations/ResolverDirectHTTP.java   | 14 ++++++++---
 .../ResolverLocalFilesystem.java              | 17 +++++++------
 test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/XMLUtils.java  | 11 +++++++-
 4 files changed, 55 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.xml.crypto/share/classes/com/sun/org/apache/xml/internal/security/utils/resolver/ResourceResolverSpi.java b/src/java.xml.crypto/share/classes/com/sun/org/apache/xml/internal/security/utils/resolver/ResourceResolverSpi.java
index 35708826260..1e7bd76413c 100644
--- a/src/java.xml.crypto/share/classes/com/sun/org/apache/xml/internal/security/utils/resolver/ResourceResolverSpi.java
+++ b/src/java.xml.crypto/share/classes/com/sun/org/apache/xml/internal/security/utils/resolver/ResourceResolverSpi.java
@@ -51,4 +51,29 @@ public abstract XMLSignatureInput engineResolveURI(ResourceResolverContext conte
      */
     public abstract boolean engineCanResolveURI(ResourceResolverContext context);
 
+    /**
+     * Returns the scheme for a URI.
+     *
+     * @param uri the URI
+     * @return the scheme, or {@code null} if none
+     */
+    protected static final String scheme(String uri) {
+        if (uri == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        char[] uriChars = uri.toCharArray();
+        // Similar to java.net.URI::parse. Find ':' before any of '/', '?',
+        // or '#', and treat the characters before it as scheme.
+        for (int i = 0; i < uriChars.length; i++) {
+            if (uriChars[i] == '/' || uriChars[i] == '?' || uriChars[i] == '#') {
+                return null;
+            }
+            if (uriChars[i] == ':') {
+                // No validation on the output since we only care if it's
+                // empty or equal to specific values.
+                return uri.substring(0, i);
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/java.xml.crypto/share/classes/com/sun/org/apache/xml/internal/security/utils/resolver/implementations/ResolverDirectHTTP.java b/src/java.xml.crypto/share/classes/com/sun/org/apache/xml/internal/security/utils/resolver/implementations/ResolverDirectHTTP.java
index deda69e98b9..dafa851f3d0 100644
--- a/src/java.xml.crypto/share/classes/com/sun/org/apache/xml/internal/security/utils/resolver/implementations/ResolverDirectHTTP.java
+++ b/src/java.xml.crypto/share/classes/com/sun/org/apache/xml/internal/security/utils/resolver/implementations/ResolverDirectHTTP.java
@@ -207,6 +207,8 @@ private URLConnection openConnection(URL url, ResourceResolverContext context) t
      */
     @Override
     public boolean engineCanResolveURI(ResourceResolverContext context) {
+        LOG.debug("I was asked whether I can resolve {}", context.uriToResolve);
+
         if (context.uriToResolve == null) {
             LOG.debug("quick fail, uri == null");
             return false;
@@ -217,11 +219,15 @@ public boolean engineCanResolveURI(ResourceResolverContext context) {
             return false;
         }
 
-        LOG.debug("I was asked whether I can resolve {}", context.uriToResolve);
+        String uriToResolveScheme = scheme(context.uriToResolve);
 
-        if (context.uriToResolve.startsWith("http:") ||
-            context.uriToResolve.startsWith("https:") ||
-            context.baseUri != null && (context.baseUri.startsWith("http:") || context.baseUri.startsWith("https:"))) {
+        if (uriToResolveScheme == null) {
+            String baseUriScheme = scheme(context.baseUri);
+            if ("http".equals(baseUriScheme) || "https".equals(baseUriScheme)) {
+                LOG.debug("I state that I can resolve {}", context.uriToResolve);
+                return true;
+            }
+        } else if (uriToResolveScheme.equals("http") || uriToResolveScheme.equals("https")) {
             LOG.debug("I state that I can resolve {}", context.uriToResolve);
             return true;
         }
diff --git a/src/java.xml.crypto/share/classes/com/sun/org/apache/xml/internal/security/utils/resolver/implementations/ResolverLocalFilesystem.java b/src/java.xml.crypto/share/classes/com/sun/org/apache/xml/internal/security/utils/resolver/implementations/ResolverLocalFilesystem.java
index d3970a3ea69..2a96866cf8b 100644
--- a/src/java.xml.crypto/share/classes/com/sun/org/apache/xml/internal/security/utils/resolver/implementations/ResolverLocalFilesystem.java
+++ b/src/java.xml.crypto/share/classes/com/sun/org/apache/xml/internal/security/utils/resolver/implementations/ResolverLocalFilesystem.java
@@ -72,20 +72,23 @@ public boolean engineCanResolveURI(ResourceResolverContext context) {
             return false;
         }
 
-        if (context.uriToResolve.isEmpty() || context.uriToResolve.charAt(0) == '#' ||
-            context.uriToResolve.startsWith("http:") || context.uriToResolve.startsWith("https:")) {
+        if (context.uriToResolve.isEmpty() || context.uriToResolve.charAt(0) == '#') {
             return false;
         }
 
-        try {
-            LOG.debug("I was asked whether I can resolve {}", context.uriToResolve);
+        LOG.debug("I was asked whether I can resolve {}", context.uriToResolve);
+
+        String uriToResolveScheme = scheme(context.uriToResolve);
 
-            if (context.uriToResolve.startsWith("file:") || context.baseUri.startsWith("file:")) {
+        if (uriToResolveScheme == null) {
+            String baseUriScheme = scheme(context.baseUri);
+            if ("file".equals(baseUriScheme)) {
                 LOG.debug("I state that I can resolve {}", context.uriToResolve);
                 return true;
             }
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            LOG.debug(e.getMessage(), e);
+        } else if (uriToResolveScheme.equals("file")) {
+            LOG.debug("I state that I can resolve {}", context.uriToResolve);
+            return true;
         }
 
         LOG.debug("But I can't");
diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/XMLUtils.java b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/XMLUtils.java
index e70a30d9b3d..62090c9c861 100644
--- a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/XMLUtils.java
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/security/XMLUtils.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2021, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -187,6 +187,7 @@ public static Signer signer(PrivateKey privateKey)
 
     public static class Signer {
 
+        private String baseURI = null;
         final PrivateKey privateKey;  // signer key, never null
 
         X509Certificate cert;   // certificate, optional
@@ -253,6 +254,11 @@ public Signer prop(String name, Object o) {
             return this;
         }
 
+        public Signer baseURI(String base) {
+            this.baseURI = base;
+            return this;
+        }
+
         // Signs different sources
 
         // Signs an XML file in detached mode
@@ -341,6 +347,9 @@ private DOMSignContext withProps(DOMSignContext ctxt) {
             for (var e : props.entrySet()) {
                 ctxt.setProperty(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
             }
+            if (baseURI != null) {
+                ctxt.setBaseURI(baseURI);
+            }
             return ctxt;
         }
 

From d8605e35a34e45481daed913f8f9c3bda843be7e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Fuchs <dfuchs@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 2026 12:35:01 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 589/707] 8384708: Enhance HTTP Connections

Co-authored-by: Michael McMahon <michaelm@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: rhalade, djelinski, aefimov, michaelm, vyazici
---
 .../classes/sun/net/www/http/HttpClient.java  |   8 +
 .../www/protocol/http/HttpURLConnection.java  |  16 +-
 .../HTTPSetAuthenticatorTest.java             |   6 +-
 .../SetAuthenticator/HTTPTestServer.java      | 487 +++++++++++-------
 4 files changed, 315 insertions(+), 202 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/http/HttpClient.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/http/HttpClient.java
index ffc5946b0b3..4db6c24ee1e 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/http/HttpClient.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/http/HttpClient.java
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
 import java.io.*;
 import java.net.*;
+import java.net.Proxy.Type;
 import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.OptionalInt;
@@ -174,6 +175,13 @@ int getKeepAliveTimeout() {
         return keepAliveTimeout;
     }
 
+    public Proxy getHttpProxy() {
+        if (proxy != null && proxy.type() == Type.HTTP) {
+            return proxy;
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
     static String normalizeCBT(String s) {
         if (s == null || s.equals("never")) {
             return "never";
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/protocol/http/HttpURLConnection.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/protocol/http/HttpURLConnection.java
index 45e641f11ee..7b7506420f7 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/protocol/http/HttpURLConnection.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/protocol/http/HttpURLConnection.java
@@ -366,6 +366,9 @@ private static Set<String> schemesListToSet(String list) {
     private boolean tryTransparentNTLMProxy = true;
     private boolean useProxyResponseCode = false;
 
+    // used when redirecting to compare current and previous proxies
+    private Proxy lastProxy;
+
     /* Used by Windows specific code */
     private Object authObj;
 
@@ -1376,7 +1379,6 @@ private InputStream getInputStream0() throws IOException {
         // If the user has set either of these headers then do not remove them
         isUserServerAuth = requests.getKey("Authorization") != -1;
         isUserProxyAuth = requests.getKey("Proxy-Authorization") != -1;
-
         try {
             do {
                 if (!checkReuseConnection())
@@ -1386,6 +1388,14 @@ private InputStream getInputStream0() throws IOException {
                     return cachedInputStream;
                 }
 
+                // we may need to remove proxy-authorization
+                Proxy p = http.getHttpProxy();
+                // if we're not using a proxy or if the proxy to be used is not
+                // the same as the originally set one, then remove it
+                if (p == null || (lastProxy != null && !lastProxy.equals(p))) {
+                    requests.remove("Proxy-Authorization");
+                    lastProxy = null;
+                }
                 /* REMIND: This exists to fix the HttpsURLConnection subclass.
                  * Hotjava needs to run on JDK1.1FCS.  Do proper fix once a
                  * proper solution for SSL can be found.
@@ -1416,7 +1426,7 @@ private InputStream getInputStream0() throws IOException {
                     disconnectInternal();
                     throw new IOException ("Invalid Http response");
                 }
-                if (respCode == HTTP_PROXY_AUTH) {
+                if (respCode == HTTP_PROXY_AUTH && tunnelState() != TunnelState.TUNNELING) {
                     if (streaming()) {
                         disconnectInternal();
                         throw new HttpRetryException (
@@ -1999,6 +2009,7 @@ private void doTunneling0() throws IOException {
 
                 if (respCode == HTTP_OK) {
                     setTunnelState(TunnelState.TUNNELING);
+                    savedRequests.remove("Proxy-Authorization");
                     break;
                 }
                 // we don't know how to deal with other response code
@@ -2552,6 +2563,7 @@ private boolean followRedirect0(String loc, int stat, URL locUrl)
     {
         assert isLockHeldByCurrentThread();
 
+        lastProxy = http.getHttpProxy();
         disconnectInternal();
         if (streaming()) {
             throw new HttpRetryException (RETRY_MSG3, stat, loc);
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/HttpURLConnection/SetAuthenticator/HTTPSetAuthenticatorTest.java b/test/jdk/java/net/HttpURLConnection/SetAuthenticator/HTTPSetAuthenticatorTest.java
index 4d6a74e760b..723d203c93a 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/HttpURLConnection/SetAuthenticator/HTTPSetAuthenticatorTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/HttpURLConnection/SetAuthenticator/HTTPSetAuthenticatorTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -68,13 +68,11 @@
  * @run main/othervm -Dhttp.auth.digest.reEnabledAlgorithms=MD5 HTTPSetAuthenticatorTest DIGEST PROXY305
  * @run main/othervm -Dhttp.auth.digest.reEnabledAlgorithms=MD5 HTTPSetAuthenticatorTest DIGEST SERVER307
  * @run main/othervm HTTPSetAuthenticatorTest BASIC  SERVER
- * @run main/othervm HTTPSetAuthenticatorTest BASIC  PROXY
+ * @run main/othervm -Djdk.http.auth.tunneling.disabledSchemes= HTTPSetAuthenticatorTest BASIC  PROXY
  * @run main/othervm HTTPSetAuthenticatorTest BASIC  PROXY305
  * @run main/othervm HTTPSetAuthenticatorTest BASIC  SERVER307
  * @run main/othervm HTTPSetAuthenticatorTest BASICSERVER SERVER
  * @run main/othervm HTTPSetAuthenticatorTest BASICSERVER SERVER307
- *
- * @author danielfuchs
  */
 public class HTTPSetAuthenticatorTest extends HTTPTest {
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/HttpURLConnection/SetAuthenticator/HTTPTestServer.java b/test/jdk/java/net/HttpURLConnection/SetAuthenticator/HTTPTestServer.java
index aa158c3b667..6ceb281e364 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/net/HttpURLConnection/SetAuthenticator/HTTPTestServer.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/HttpURLConnection/SetAuthenticator/HTTPTestServer.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Base64;
 import java.util.HexFormat;
+import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.Random;
@@ -60,6 +61,7 @@
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
 import sun.net.www.HeaderParser;
+import sun.net.www.MessageHeader;
 
 /**
  * A simple HTTP server that supports Digest authentication.
@@ -344,10 +346,11 @@ public static HTTPTestServer createServer(HttpProtocolType protocol,
         Objects.requireNonNull(auth);
 
         HttpServer impl = createHttpServer(protocol);
+        AuthResponder authResponder = createAuthResponder(schemeType, auth, authType, algorithm);
         final HTTPTestServer server = new HTTPTestServer(impl, null, delegate);
         final HttpHandler hh = server.createHandler(schemeType, auth, authType);
         HttpContext ctxt = impl.createContext(path, hh);
-        server.configureAuthentication(ctxt, schemeType, auth, authType, algorithm);
+        server.configureAuthentication(ctxt, schemeType, authResponder, authType);
         impl.start();
         return server;
     }
@@ -363,12 +366,19 @@ public static HTTPTestServer createProxy(HttpProtocolType protocol,
         Objects.requireNonNull(auth);
 
         HttpServer impl = createHttpServer(protocol);
+        AuthResponder authResponder = createAuthResponder(schemeType, auth, authType, null);
         final HTTPTestServer server = protocol == HttpProtocolType.HTTPS
-                ? new HttpsProxyTunnel(impl, null, delegate)
+                ? new HttpsProxyTunnel(impl, null, delegate, authResponder)
                 : new HTTPTestServer(impl, null, delegate);
         final HttpHandler hh = server.createHandler(schemeType, auth, authType);
         HttpContext ctxt = impl.createContext(path, hh);
-        server.configureAuthentication(ctxt, schemeType, auth, authType, null);
+        if (protocol == HttpProtocolType.HTTPS) {
+            server.configureAuthentication(ctxt, HttpSchemeType.NONE,
+                    new NoAuthResponder(auth, HttpAuthType.SERVER),
+                    HttpAuthType.SERVER);
+        } else {
+            server.configureAuthentication(ctxt, schemeType, authResponder, authType);
+        }
         impl.start();
 
         return server;
@@ -441,16 +451,16 @@ private HttpHandler createHandler(HttpSchemeType schemeType,
 
     private void configureAuthentication(HttpContext ctxt,
                             HttpSchemeType schemeType,
-                            HttpTestAuthenticator auth,
-                            HttpAuthType authType, String algorithm) {
+                            AuthResponder authResponder,
+                            HttpAuthType authType) {
         switch(schemeType) {
             case DIGEST:
                 // DIGEST authentication is handled by the handler.
-                ctxt.getFilters().add(new HttpDigestFilter(auth, authType, algorithm));
+                ctxt.getFilters().add(new HttpDigestFilter(authResponder));
                 break;
             case BASIC:
                 // BASIC authentication is handled by the filter.
-                ctxt.getFilters().add(new HttpBasicFilter(auth, authType));
+                ctxt.getFilters().add(new HttpBasicFilter(authResponder));
                 break;
             case BASICSERVER:
                 switch(authType) {
@@ -458,14 +468,14 @@ private void configureAuthentication(HttpContext ctxt,
                         // HttpServer can't support Proxy-type authentication
                         // => we do as if BASIC had been specified, and we will
                         //    handle authentication in the handler.
-                        ctxt.getFilters().add(new HttpBasicFilter(auth, authType));
+                        ctxt.getFilters().add(new HttpBasicFilter(authResponder));
                         break;
                     case SERVER: case SERVER307:
                         // Basic authentication is handled by HttpServer
                         // directly => the filter should not perform
                         // authentication again.
-                        setContextAuthenticator(ctxt, auth);
-                        ctxt.getFilters().add(new HttpNoAuthFilter(authType));
+                        setContextAuthenticator(ctxt, authResponder.authenticator);
+                        ctxt.getFilters().add(new HttpNoAuthFilter(authResponder));
                         break;
                     default:
                         throw new InternalError("Invalid combination scheme="
@@ -473,7 +483,7 @@ private void configureAuthentication(HttpContext ctxt,
                 }
             case NONE:
                 // No authentication at all.
-                ctxt.getFilters().add(new HttpNoAuthFilter(authType));
+                ctxt.getFilters().add(new HttpNoAuthFilter(authResponder));
                 break;
             default:
                 throw new InternalError("No such scheme: " + schemeType);
@@ -485,38 +495,230 @@ private HttpHandler create300Handler(URL proxyURL,
         return new Http3xxHandler(proxyURL, type, code300);
     }
 
-    // Abstract HTTP filter class.
-    private abstract static class AbstractHttpFilter extends Filter {
-
+    private static abstract class AuthResponder {
         final HttpAuthType authType;
+        final HttpTestAuthenticator authenticator;
         final String type;
-        public AbstractHttpFilter(HttpAuthType authType, String type) {
+
+        AuthResponder(HttpTestAuthenticator authenticator,
+                      HttpAuthType authType,
+                      String scheme) {
+            this.authenticator = authenticator;
             this.authType = authType;
-            this.type = type;
+            this.type = authType == HttpAuthType.PROXY
+                    ? scheme + " Proxy"
+                    : scheme + " Server";
         }
 
-        String getLocation() {
-            return "Location";
-        }
-        String getAuthenticate() {
+        final String authenticateHeader() {
             return authType == HttpAuthType.PROXY
-                    ? "Proxy-Authenticate" : "WWW-Authenticate";
+                    ? "Proxy-Authenticate"
+                    : "WWW-Authenticate";
         }
-        String getAuthorization() {
+        final String authorizationHeader() {
             return authType == HttpAuthType.PROXY
-                    ? "Proxy-Authorization" : "Authorization";
+                    ? "Proxy-Authorization"
+                    : "Authorization";
         }
-        int getUnauthorizedCode() {
+        int unauthorizedCode() {
             return authType == HttpAuthType.PROXY
                     ? HttpURLConnection.HTTP_PROXY_AUTH
                     : HttpURLConnection.HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED;
         }
-        String getKeepAlive() {
-            return "keep-alive";
-        }
-        String getConnection() {
+        String unauthorizedString() {
             return authType == HttpAuthType.PROXY
-                    ? "Proxy-Connection" : "Connection";
+                    ? "Proxy Authentication Required"
+                    : "Unauthorized";
+        }
+        String type() { return type;}
+        abstract String generateAuthenticateChallenge();
+        abstract boolean isAuthentified(String method, Iterator<String> authValues);
+    }
+
+    private static final class BasicAuthResponder extends AuthResponder {
+        BasicAuthResponder(HttpTestAuthenticator authenticator, HttpAuthType authType) {
+            super(authenticator, authType, "Basic");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        String generateAuthenticateChallenge() {
+            return "Basic realm=\"" + authenticator.getRealm() + "\"";
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        boolean isAuthentified(String method, Iterator<String> authValues) {
+            while(authValues.hasNext()) {
+                String a = authValues.next();
+                System.out.println(type + ": processing " + a);
+                int sp = a.indexOf(' ');
+                if (sp < 0) return false;
+                String scheme = a.substring(0, sp);
+                if (!"Basic".equalsIgnoreCase(scheme)) {
+                    System.out.println(type + ": Unsupported scheme '"
+                            + scheme +"'");
+                    return false;
+                }
+                if (a.length() <= sp+1) {
+                    System.out.println(type + ": value too short for '"
+                            + scheme +"'");
+                    return false;
+                }
+                a = a.substring(sp+1);
+                return validate(a);
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        boolean validate(String a) {
+            byte[] b = Base64.getDecoder().decode(a);
+            String userpass = new String (b);
+            int colon = userpass.indexOf (':');
+            String uname = userpass.substring (0, colon);
+            String pass = userpass.substring (colon+1);
+            return authenticator.getUserName().equals(uname) &&
+                    new String(authenticator.getPassword(uname)).equals(pass);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private static final class DigestAuthResponder extends AuthResponder {
+        // This is a very basic DIGEST - used only for the purpose of testing
+        // the client implementation. Therefore we can get away with never
+        // updating the server nonce as it makes the implementation of the
+        // server side digest simpler.
+        private final byte[] nonce;
+        private final String ns;
+        private final String algorithm;
+        DigestAuthResponder(HttpTestAuthenticator authenticator, HttpAuthType authType, String algorithm) {
+            super(authenticator, authType, "Digest");
+            nonce = new byte[16];
+            new Random(Instant.now().toEpochMilli()).nextBytes(nonce);
+            ns = new BigInteger(1, nonce).toString(16);
+            this.algorithm = (algorithm == null) ? "MD5" : algorithm;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        String generateAuthenticateChallenge() {
+            return "Digest realm=\"" + authenticator.getRealm() + "\","
+                    + "\r\n    qop=\"auth\", " + "algorithm=\"" + algorithm + "\", "
+                    + "\r\n    nonce=\"" + ns +"\"";
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        boolean isAuthentified(String method, Iterator<String> authValues) {
+            while(authValues.hasNext()) {
+                String a = authValues.next();
+                System.out.println(type + ": processing " + a);
+                int sp = a.indexOf(' ');
+                if (sp < 0) return false;
+                String scheme = a.substring(0, sp);
+                if (!"Digest".equalsIgnoreCase(scheme)) {
+                    System.out.println(type + ": Unsupported scheme '" + scheme +"'");
+                    return false;
+                }
+                if (a.length() <= sp+1) {
+                    System.out.println(type + ": value too short for '" + scheme +"'");
+                    return false;
+                }
+                a = a.substring(sp+1);
+                DigestResponse dgr = DigestResponse.create(a);
+                return validate(method, dgr);
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        boolean validate(String reqMethod, DigestResponse dg) {
+            if (!this.algorithm.equalsIgnoreCase(dg.getAlgorithm("MD5"))) {
+                System.out.println(type + ": Unsupported algorithm "
+                        + dg.algorithm);
+                return false;
+            }
+            if (!"auth".equalsIgnoreCase(dg.getQoP("auth"))) {
+                System.out.println(type + ": Unsupported qop "
+                        + dg.qop);
+                return false;
+            }
+            try {
+                if (!dg.nonce.equals(ns)) {
+                    System.out.println(type + ": bad nonce returned by client: "
+                            + nonce + " expected " + ns);
+                    return false;
+                }
+                if (dg.response == null) {
+                    System.out.println(type + ": missing digest response.");
+                    return false;
+                }
+                char[] pa = authenticator.getPassword(dg.username);
+                return verify(reqMethod, dg, pa);
+            } catch(IllegalArgumentException | SecurityException
+                    | NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
+                System.out.println(type + ": " + e.getMessage());
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        boolean verify(String reqMethod, DigestResponse dg, char[] pw)
+                throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
+            String response = DigestResponse.computeDigest(true, reqMethod, pw, algorithm, dg);
+            if (!dg.response.equals(response)) {
+                System.out.println(type + ": bad response returned by client: "
+                        + dg.response + " expected " + response);
+                return false;
+            } else {
+                System.out.println(type + ": verified response " + response);
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private static final class NoAuthResponder extends AuthResponder {
+        NoAuthResponder(HttpTestAuthenticator authenticator, HttpAuthType authType) {
+            super(authenticator, authType, "NoAuth");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        String generateAuthenticateChallenge() {
+            throw new InternalError("Should not reach here");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        boolean isAuthentified(String method, Iterator<String> authValues) {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static AuthResponder createAuthResponder(HttpSchemeType schemeType,
+                                                     HttpTestAuthenticator authenticator,
+                                                     HttpAuthType authType,
+                                                     String algorithm) {
+        switch (schemeType) {
+            case BASIC, BASICSERVER: return new BasicAuthResponder(authenticator, authType);
+            case DIGEST: return new DigestAuthResponder(authenticator, authType, algorithm);
+            case NONE: return new NoAuthResponder(authenticator, authType);
+            default: throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                    "Unknown authentication scheme: " + schemeType);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Abstract HTTP filter class.
+    private abstract static class AbstractHttpFilter extends Filter {
+
+        final AuthResponder authResponder;
+        final String type;
+        public AbstractHttpFilter(AuthResponder authResponder) {
+            this.authResponder = authResponder;
+            this.type = authResponder.type();
+        }
+
+        final String getAuthenticate() {
+            return authResponder.authenticateHeader();
+        }
+        final String getAuthorization() {
+            return authResponder.authorizationHeader();
+        }
+        final int getUnauthorizedCode() {
+            return authResponder.unauthorizedCode();
         }
         protected abstract boolean isAuthentified(HttpExchange he) throws IOException;
         protected abstract void requestAuthentication(HttpExchange he) throws IOException;
@@ -694,11 +896,10 @@ public static DigestResponse create(String raw) {
 
     }
 
-    private class HttpNoAuthFilter extends AbstractHttpFilter {
+    private static final class HttpNoAuthFilter extends AbstractHttpFilter {
 
-        public HttpNoAuthFilter(HttpAuthType authType) {
-            super(authType, authType == HttpAuthType.SERVER
-                            ? "NoAuth Server" : "NoAuth Proxy");
+        public HttpNoAuthFilter(AuthResponder authResponder) {
+            super(authResponder);
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -720,19 +921,15 @@ public String description() {
 
     // An HTTP Filter that performs Basic authentication
     private class HttpBasicFilter extends AbstractHttpFilter {
-
-        private final HttpTestAuthenticator auth;
-        public HttpBasicFilter(HttpTestAuthenticator auth, HttpAuthType authType) {
-            super(authType, authType == HttpAuthType.SERVER
-                            ? "Basic Server" : "Basic Proxy");
-            this.auth = auth;
+        public HttpBasicFilter(AuthResponder authResponder) {
+            super(authResponder);
         }
 
         @Override
         protected void requestAuthentication(HttpExchange he)
             throws IOException {
-            he.getResponseHeaders().add(getAuthenticate(),
-                 "Basic realm=\"" + auth.getRealm() + "\"");
+            String challenge = authResponder.generateAuthenticateChallenge();
+            he.getResponseHeaders().add(getAuthenticate(), challenge);
             System.out.println(type + ": Requesting Basic Authentication "
                  + he.getResponseHeaders().getFirst(getAuthenticate()));
         }
@@ -742,39 +939,12 @@ protected boolean isAuthentified(HttpExchange he) {
             if (he.getRequestHeaders().containsKey(getAuthorization())) {
                 List<String> authorization =
                     he.getRequestHeaders().get(getAuthorization());
-                for (String a : authorization) {
-                    System.out.println(type + ": processing " + a);
-                    int sp = a.indexOf(' ');
-                    if (sp < 0) return false;
-                    String scheme = a.substring(0, sp);
-                    if (!"Basic".equalsIgnoreCase(scheme)) {
-                        System.out.println(type + ": Unsupported scheme '"
-                                           + scheme +"'");
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                    if (a.length() <= sp+1) {
-                        System.out.println(type + ": value too short for '"
-                                            + scheme +"'");
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                    a = a.substring(sp+1);
-                    return validate(a);
-                }
-                return false;
+                return authResponder.isAuthentified(he.getRequestMethod(),
+                        authorization.iterator());
             }
             return false;
         }
 
-        boolean validate(String a) {
-            byte[] b = Base64.getDecoder().decode(a);
-            String userpass = new String (b);
-            int colon = userpass.indexOf (':');
-            String uname = userpass.substring (0, colon);
-            String pass = userpass.substring (colon+1);
-            return auth.getUserName().equals(uname) &&
-                   new String(auth.getPassword(uname)).equals(pass);
-        }
-
         @Override
         public String description() {
             return "Filter for " + type;
@@ -786,31 +956,14 @@ public String description() {
     // An HTTP Filter that performs Digest authentication
     private class HttpDigestFilter extends AbstractHttpFilter {
 
-        // This is a very basic DIGEST - used only for the purpose of testing
-        // the client implementation. Therefore we can get away with never
-        // updating the server nonce as it makes the implementation of the
-        // server side digest simpler.
-        private final HttpTestAuthenticator auth;
-        private final byte[] nonce;
-        private final String ns;
-        private final String algorithm;
-        public HttpDigestFilter(HttpTestAuthenticator auth, HttpAuthType authType, String algorithm) {
-            super(authType, authType == HttpAuthType.SERVER
-                            ? "Digest Server" : "Digest Proxy");
-            this.auth = auth;
-            nonce = new byte[16];
-            new Random(Instant.now().toEpochMilli()).nextBytes(nonce);
-            ns = new BigInteger(1, nonce).toString(16);
-            this.algorithm = (algorithm == null) ? "MD5" : algorithm;
+        public HttpDigestFilter(AuthResponder authResponder) {
+            super(authResponder);
         }
 
         @Override
         protected void requestAuthentication(HttpExchange he)
             throws IOException {
-            he.getResponseHeaders().add(getAuthenticate(),
-                 "Digest realm=\"" + auth.getRealm() + "\","
-                 + "\r\n    qop=\"auth\", " + "algorithm=\"" + algorithm + "\", "
-                 + "\r\n    nonce=\"" + ns +"\"");
+            he.getResponseHeaders().add(getAuthenticate(), authResponder.generateAuthenticateChallenge());
             System.out.println(type + ": Requesting Digest Authentication "
                  + he.getResponseHeaders().getFirst(getAuthenticate()));
         }
@@ -819,71 +972,11 @@ protected void requestAuthentication(HttpExchange he)
         protected boolean isAuthentified(HttpExchange he) {
             if (he.getRequestHeaders().containsKey(getAuthorization())) {
                 List<String> authorization = he.getRequestHeaders().get(getAuthorization());
-                for (String a : authorization) {
-                    System.out.println(type + ": processing " + a);
-                    int sp = a.indexOf(' ');
-                    if (sp < 0) return false;
-                    String scheme = a.substring(0, sp);
-                    if (!"Digest".equalsIgnoreCase(scheme)) {
-                        System.out.println(type + ": Unsupported scheme '" + scheme +"'");
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                    if (a.length() <= sp+1) {
-                        System.out.println(type + ": value too short for '" + scheme +"'");
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                    a = a.substring(sp+1);
-                    DigestResponse dgr = DigestResponse.create(a);
-                    return validate(he.getRequestMethod(), dgr);
-                }
-                return false;
+                return authResponder.isAuthentified(he.getRequestMethod(), authorization.iterator());
             }
             return false;
         }
 
-        boolean validate(String reqMethod, DigestResponse dg) {
-            if (!this.algorithm.equalsIgnoreCase(dg.getAlgorithm("MD5"))) {
-                System.out.println(type + ": Unsupported algorithm "
-                                   + dg.algorithm);
-                return false;
-            }
-            if (!"auth".equalsIgnoreCase(dg.getQoP("auth"))) {
-                System.out.println(type + ": Unsupported qop "
-                                   + dg.qop);
-                return false;
-            }
-            try {
-                if (!dg.nonce.equals(ns)) {
-                    System.out.println(type + ": bad nonce returned by client: "
-                                    + nonce + " expected " + ns);
-                    return false;
-                }
-                if (dg.response == null) {
-                    System.out.println(type + ": missing digest response.");
-                    return false;
-                }
-                char[] pa = auth.getPassword(dg.username);
-                return verify(reqMethod, dg, pa);
-            } catch(IllegalArgumentException | SecurityException
-                    | NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
-                System.out.println(type + ": " + e.getMessage());
-                return false;
-            }
-        }
-
-        boolean verify(String reqMethod, DigestResponse dg, char[] pw)
-            throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
-            String response = DigestResponse.computeDigest(true, reqMethod, pw, algorithm, dg);
-            if (!dg.response.equals(response)) {
-                System.out.println(type + ": bad response returned by client: "
-                                    + dg.response + " expected " + response);
-                return false;
-            } else {
-                System.out.println(type + ": verified response " + response);
-            }
-            return true;
-        }
-
         @Override
         public String description() {
             return "Filter for DIGEST authentication";
@@ -979,22 +1072,23 @@ public void configure (HttpsParameters params) {
         }
     }
 
-    // This is a bit hacky: HttpsProxyTunnel is an HTTPTestServer hidden
-    // behind a fake proxy that only understands CONNECT requests.
-    // The fake proxy is just a server socket that intercept the
-    // CONNECT and then redirect streams to the real server.
+    // The HttpsProxyTunnel is a proxy that only understands
+    // CONNECT requests. It is only used for tunnelling, but
+    // supports Proxy Authentication with the help of an
+    // AuthResponder
     static class HttpsProxyTunnel extends HTTPTestServer
             implements Runnable {
 
         final ServerSocket ss;
+        final AuthResponder authResponder;
         private volatile boolean stop;
 
         public HttpsProxyTunnel(HttpServer server, HTTPTestServer target,
-                               HttpHandler delegate)
+                               HttpHandler delegate, AuthResponder authResponder)
                 throws IOException {
             super(server, target, delegate);
             System.out.flush();
-            System.err.println("WARNING: HttpsProxyTunnel is an experimental test class");
+            this.authResponder = authResponder;
             ss = ServerSocketFactory.create();
             start();
         }
@@ -1048,28 +1142,6 @@ public InetSocketAddress getProxyAddress() {
             return new InetSocketAddress(ss.getInetAddress(), ss.getLocalPort());
         }
 
-        // This is a bit shaky. It doesn't handle continuation
-        // lines, but our client shouldn't send any.
-        // Read a line from the input stream, swallowing the final
-        // \r\n sequence. Stops at the first \n, doesn't complain
-        // if it wasn't preceded by '\r'.
-        //
-        String readLine(InputStream r) throws IOException {
-            StringBuilder b = new StringBuilder();
-            int c;
-            while ((c = r.read()) != -1) {
-                if (c == '\n') break;
-                b.appendCodePoint(c);
-            }
-            if (b.length() == 0) {
-                return "";
-            }
-            if (b.codePointAt(b.length() -1) == '\r') {
-                b.delete(b.length() -1, b.length());
-            }
-            return b.toString();
-        }
-
         @Override
         public void run() {
             Socket clientConnection = null;
@@ -1137,6 +1209,37 @@ public void run() {
             }
         }
 
+        private boolean isAuthentified(MessageHeader request) {
+            String requestLine = request.getValue(0);
+            String method = requestLine.substring(0, requestLine.indexOf(' '));
+            assert "CONNECT".equals(method);
+            return authResponder.isAuthentified(method,
+                    request.multiValueIterator(authResponder.authorizationHeader()));
+        }
+
+        private String challengeResponse() {
+            return "HTTP/1.1 " + authResponder.unauthorizedCode() + " "
+                    + authResponder.unauthorizedString()
+                    + "\r\nContent-Length: 0\r\n"
+                    + authResponder.authenticateHeader() + ": "
+                    + authResponder.generateAuthenticateChallenge()
+                    + "\r\n\r\n";
+        }
+
+        private String okResponse() {
+            return "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Length: 0\r\n\r\n";
+        }
+
+        private String badGatewayResponse() {
+            return "HTTP/1.1 502 Bad Gateway\r\nContent-Length: 0\r\n\r\n";
+        }
+
+        private void sendResponse(PrintWriter pw, String response) {
+            System.out.println("Tunnel: Sending " + response);
+            pw.print(response);
+            pw.flush();
+        }
+
         private void processRequestAndWaitToComplete(final Socket clientConnection)
                 throws IOException, InterruptedException {
             final Socket targetConnection;
@@ -1146,32 +1249,24 @@ private void processRequestAndWaitToComplete(final Socket clientConnection)
                     clientConnection.getOutputStream(), "UTF-8");
             PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(w);
             System.out.println("Tunnel: Reading request line");
-            String requestLine = readLine(ccis);
+            MessageHeader request = new MessageHeader(ccis);
+            String requestLine = request.getValue(0);
             System.out.println("Tunnel: Request line: " + requestLine);
-            if (requestLine.startsWith("CONNECT ")) {
-                // We should probably check that the next word following
-                // CONNECT is the host:port of our HTTPS serverImpl.
-                // Some improvement for a followup!
-
-                // Read all headers until we find the empty line that
-                // signals the end of all headers.
-                while(!requestLine.equals("")) {
-                    System.out.println("Tunnel: Reading header: "
-                            + (requestLine = readLine(ccis)));
+            if (requestLine != null && requestLine.startsWith("CONNECT ")) {
+                if (!isAuthentified(request)) {
+                    sendResponse(pw, challengeResponse());
+                    return;
                 }
-
                 targetConnection = new Socket(
                         serverImpl.getAddress().getAddress(),
                         serverImpl.getAddress().getPort());
 
                 // Then send the 200 OK response to the client
-                System.out.println("Tunnel: Sending "
-                        + "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n");
-                pw.print("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Length: 0\r\n\r\n");
-                pw.flush();
+                sendResponse(pw, okResponse());
             } else {
                 // This should not happen. If it does then consider it a
                 // client error and throw an IOException
+                sendResponse(pw, badGatewayResponse());
                 System.out.println("Tunnel: Throwing an IOException due to unexpected" +
                         " request line: " + requestLine);
                 throw new IOException("Client request error - Unexpected request line");

From b2d3948239d46f9e862b38b4db54e4d8675f1895 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Phil Race <prr@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 17 Jun 2026 17:08:29 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 590/707] 8386298: Improve font loading

Reviewed-by: rhalade, kizune, jdv
---
 src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/HBShaper.java | 2 ++
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/HBShaper.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/HBShaper.java
index e7f3e6178fa..8652388edb1 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/HBShaper.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/HBShaper.java
@@ -387,7 +387,9 @@ private static int get_glyph_v_advance(
      */
     private static class IntPtr {
         MemorySegment seg;
+        @SuppressWarnings("restricted")
         IntPtr(MemorySegment seg) {
+            this.seg = seg.reinterpret(4);
         }
 
         void set(int i) {

From 44e6f0470b1840663180affda166c1e9c110c129 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Hai-May Chao <hchao@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2026 22:30:20 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 591/707] 8386205: Enhance TLS server

Reviewed-by: rhalade, ahgross, jnimeh, ascarpino
---
 .../sun/security/ssl/ServerHandshakeContext.java       |  4 ++--
 .../share/classes/sun/security/ssl/ServerHello.java    | 10 ++++++++++
 2 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/ServerHandshakeContext.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/ServerHandshakeContext.java
index 8bb7def0f57..5d203b5c6cc 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/ServerHandshakeContext.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/ServerHandshakeContext.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class ServerHandshakeContext extends HandshakeContext {
     private static final long DEFAULT_STATUS_RESP_DELAY = 5000L;
     final long statusRespTimeout;
     boolean acceptCliHelloFragments = false;
-
+    boolean sentHRR = false;
 
     ServerHandshakeContext(SSLContextImpl sslContext,
             TransportContext conContext) throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/ServerHello.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/ServerHello.java
index 4bd2b0a059f..36069928051 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/ServerHello.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/ServerHello.java
@@ -805,6 +805,15 @@ private T13HelloRetryRequestProducer() {
         public byte[] produce(ConnectionContext context,
                 HandshakeMessage message) throws IOException {
             ServerHandshakeContext shc = (ServerHandshakeContext) context;
+
+
+            if (shc.sentHRR) {
+                throw shc.conContext.fatal(
+                        Alert.HANDSHAKE_FAILURE,
+                        "TLS 1.3 server MUST NOT send a second HelloRetryRequest " +
+                        "in the same connection");
+            }
+
             ClientHelloMessage clientHello = (ClientHelloMessage) message;
 
             // negotiate the cipher suite.
@@ -840,6 +849,7 @@ public byte[] produce(ConnectionContext context,
             // Output the handshake message.
             hhrm.write(shc.handshakeOutput);
             shc.handshakeOutput.flush();
+            shc.sentHRR = true;
 
             // In TLS1.3 middlebox compatibility mode the server sends a
             // dummy change_cipher_spec record immediately after its

From 9139138393cd643d28e64bc756b99f32dc12cbc5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Shiv Shah <shiv.shah@oracle.com>
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 2026 22:55:51 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 592/707] 8390429: Enable suspend001 jdb test to run with
 virtual threads

Reviewed-by: cjplummer, dholmes
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Virtual.txt     |  3 +++
 .../nsk/jdb/suspend/suspend001/suspend001.java |  7 ++++---
 .../jdb/suspend/suspend001/suspend001a.java    | 18 ++++++++++++------
 3 files changed, 19 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Virtual.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Virtual.txt
index e25d3d644a1..53bb850a6ec 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Virtual.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList-Virtual.txt
@@ -60,6 +60,9 @@ vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/where/where005/where005.java 8278470 generic-all
 
 vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/list/list003/list003.java        8300707 generic-all
 vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/repeat/repeat001/repeat001.java  8300707 generic-all
+###
+# suspend001 hangs with virtual threads until the suspended-successor issue is fixed.
+vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/suspend/suspend001/suspend001.java 8390031 generic-all
 
 ####
 ## NSK JDI tests failing with wrapper
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/suspend/suspend001/suspend001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/suspend/suspend001/suspend001.java
index 20c9778f251..90982a167bc 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/suspend/suspend001/suspend001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/suspend/suspend001/suspend001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ public static void main (String argv[]) {
     static final String DEBUGGEE_CLASS = TEST_CLASS + "a";
     static final String FIRST_BREAK    = DEBUGGEE_CLASS + ".main";
     static final String LAST_BREAK     = DEBUGGEE_CLASS + ".breakHere";
+    static final String THREAD_STARTED_BREAK = DEBUGGEE_CLASS + ".threadStarted";
 
     static final String SUSPENDED       = "Suspended";
     static final String DEBUGGEE_THREAD = PACKAGE_NAME + "." + SUSPENDED;
@@ -94,9 +95,9 @@ protected void runCases() {
         String[] threads;
 
         jdb.setBreakpointInMethod(LAST_BREAK);
-        reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.cont);
+        waitForTestedThreadStarts(THREAD_STARTED_BREAK, 2);
         while (true) {
-            threads = jdb.getThreadIds(DEBUGGEE_THREAD);
+            threads = jdb.getThreadIdsByName(SUSPENDED);
             if (threads.length != 1) {
                 log.complain("jdb should report 1 instance of " + DEBUGGEE_THREAD);
                 log.complain("Found: " + threads.length);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/suspend/suspend001/suspend001a.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/suspend/suspend001/suspend001a.java
index 35a4d425826..dc518cfdbd6 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/suspend/suspend001/suspend001a.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/suspend/suspend001/suspend001a.java
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
 
 package nsk.jdb.suspend.suspend001;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.thread.ThreadWrapper;
+
 import nsk.share.*;
 import nsk.share.jpda.*;
 import nsk.share.jdb.*;
@@ -42,6 +44,8 @@ public static void main(String args[]) {
 
     static void breakHere () {}
 
+    static void threadStarted () {}
+
     static Object lock                   = new Object();
     static Object waitnotify             = new Object();
     public static volatile int notSuspended = 0;
@@ -50,8 +54,8 @@ public int runIt(String args[], PrintStream out) {
         argumentHandler = new JdbArgumentHandler(args);
         log = new Log(out, argumentHandler);
 
-        Thread suspended = new Suspended("Suspended");
-        Thread myThread = new MyThread("MyThread");
+        Thread suspended = new Suspended("Suspended").getThread();
+        Thread myThread = new MyThread("MyThread").getThread();
 
         // lock monitor to prevent threads from finishing after they started
         synchronized (lock) {
@@ -103,16 +107,16 @@ public static int getResult() {
     }
 }
 
-// This test uses a platform thread because suspending the tested virtual thread
-// and continuing causes jdb to stop responding.
-class Suspended extends Thread {
+class Suspended extends ThreadWrapper {
     String name;
 
     public Suspended (String n) {
+        super(n);
         name = n;
     }
 
     public void run() {
+        suspend001a.threadStarted();
         // Concatenate strings in advance to avoid lambda calculations later
         final String ThreadFinished = "Thread finished: " + this.name;
         suspend001a.log.display("Thread started: " + this.name);
@@ -129,14 +133,16 @@ public void run() {
     }
 }
 
-class MyThread extends Thread {
+class MyThread extends ThreadWrapper {
     String name;
 
     public MyThread (String n) {
+        super(n);
         name = n;
     }
 
     public void run() {
+        suspend001a.threadStarted();
         // Concatenate strings in advance to avoid lambda calculations later
         final String ThreadFinished = "Thread finished: " + this.name;
         suspend001a.log.display("Thread started: " + this.name);

From f3cf3e2036a4453d08fc5b39c3792d67e10eb66f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matias Saavedra Silva <matsaave@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 2026 23:08:25 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 593/707] 8390484: Problem list appcds/aotCache/ tests

Reviewed-by: lmesnik, iklam
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt | 6 ++++++
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
index ccc9a9dac56..5e4f0fd8921 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
@@ -92,6 +92,12 @@ gc/stress/jfr/TestStressBigAllocationGCEventsWithShenandoah.java#default 8386964
 
 # :hotspot_runtime
 
+runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AOTClassLinkingVMOptions.java 8390485 generic-all
+runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddExports.java 8390485 generic-all
+runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddOpens.java 8390485 generic-all
+runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddReads.java 8390485 generic-all
+runtime/cds/appcds/resolvedConstants/AOTLinkedLambdas.java 8390485 generic-all
+runtime/cds/appcds/resolvedConstants/AOTLinkedVarHandles.java 8390485 generic-all
 runtime/jni/terminatedThread/TestTerminatedThread.java 8317789 aix-ppc64
 runtime/Monitor/SyncOnValueBasedClassTest.java 8340995 linux-s390x
 runtime/os/TestTracePageSizes.java#no-options 8267460 linux-aarch64

From 4d812a64865ef250bd81705ae0c0a18675e4b378 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dingli Zhang <dzhang@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 2026 23:15:14 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 594/707] 8390452: RISC-V: gc/shenandoah/TestSieveObjects.java
 fails with "assert(UseZba) failed: must be"

Reviewed-by: shade, fyang
---
 .../riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
index 6c39c8e456f..1de4ff2b93d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -854,7 +854,7 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierStubC2::lrb(MacroAssembler& masm) {
     // Save the result where needed. Narrow entries return narrowOop (32 bits)
     // we need to zero the upper 32 bits of x10.
     if (_narrow) {
-      __ zext_w(_obj, x10);
+      __ zext(_obj, x10, 32);
     } else {
       __ mv(_obj, x10);
     }

From 92e236a361497b0895d42a6d6650eb503d6851dc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David Holmes <dholmes@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 18 Aug 2026 01:16:16 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 595/707] 8390493: Remove
 vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/IterateOverReachableObjects/iterreachobj002/TestDescription.java
 from the ProblemList

Reviewed-by: liach
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt | 2 --
 1 file changed, 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
index 5e4f0fd8921..d41a77a1b85 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
@@ -210,8 +210,6 @@ compiler/vectorapi/TestVectorReassociations.java 8388927 generic-all
 
 serviceability/sa/TestJhsdbJstackMixedWithXComp.java#xcomp-disable-tiered-compilation 8386674 linux-aarch64
 
-vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/IterateOverReachableObjects/iterreachobj002/TestDescription.java 8384882 linux-all
-
 # The following test failure(s) DID NOT reproduce during Tier[1-8] testing
 # done for 8377828. Further analysis was done with 8376235 and just one
 # sub-test needed to remain on the ProblemList via 8361089.

From 764e83c46c839164c137cd2f058c7cc2b6519dc6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gui Cao <gcao@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 18 Aug 2026 01:44:20 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 596/707] 8390441: RISC-V: Fix C2 stack-to-stack spill copies
 with large offsets

Reviewed-by: fyang, dzhang
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad | 21 +++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 21 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
index 43590e89c52..3be8416d8b4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
@@ -1553,6 +1553,27 @@ uint MachSpillCopyNode::implementation(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *r
   int src_offset = ra_->reg2offset(src_lo);
   int dst_offset = ra_->reg2offset(dst_lo);
 
+  // Stack-to-stack copies use t0 for the value. Bail out if a destination
+  // address also needs t0 to materialize an offset outside the 12-bit range.
+  if (src_lo_rc == rc_stack && dst_lo_rc == rc_stack) {
+    int last_dst_offset = dst_offset;
+    if (bottom_type()->isa_pvectmask()) {
+      int vmask_size_in_bytes = Matcher::scalable_predicate_reg_slots() * 32 / 8;
+      last_dst_offset += vmask_size_in_bytes - 4;
+    } else if (ideal_reg() == Op_VecA) {
+      int vector_reg_size_in_bytes = Matcher::scalable_vector_reg_size(T_BYTE);
+      last_dst_offset += vector_reg_size_in_bytes - 8;
+    }
+
+    if (masm != nullptr && !Assembler::is_simm12(last_dst_offset)) {
+      // size() emits into a scratch buffer where recording a failure is not allowed.
+      if (!C->output()->in_scratch_emit_size()) {
+        C->record_method_not_compilable("unsupported large stack-to-stack spill copy");
+      }
+      return 0;
+    }
+  }
+
   if (bottom_type()->isa_vect() != nullptr) {
     uint ireg = ideal_reg();
     if (ireg == Op_VecA && masm) {

From 4a653f843988c287df8ac9d4e8b299fa5fc52ea0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Prasanta Sadhukhan <psadhukhan@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 18 Aug 2026 08:27:12 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 597/707] 8390455: Fix more typos in java.desktop module

Reviewed-by: jdv, azvegint
---
 src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/sun/lwawt/LWWindowPeer.java | 2 +-
 .../macosx/native/libawt_lwawt/awt/ImageSurfaceData.h       | 6 +++---
 .../classes/com/sun/imageio/plugins/png/PNGMetadata.java    | 4 ++--
 .../com/sun/imageio/plugins/tiff/TIFFDecompressor.java      | 4 ++--
 .../share/classes/com/sun/media/sound/DLSModulator.java     | 4 ++--
 .../share/classes/com/sun/media/sound/SoftSynthesizer.java  | 4 ++--
 .../share/classes/com/sun/media/sound/WaveFileReader.java   | 4 ++--
 src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/Dialog.java         | 2 +-
 .../share/classes/javax/swing/AbstractButton.java           | 2 +-
 .../share/classes/javax/swing/ProgressMonitor.java          | 4 ++--
 .../classes/javax/swing/plaf/basic/BasicComboBoxUI.java     | 2 +-
 .../share/classes/javax/swing/plaf/basic/BasicListUI.java   | 2 +-
 .../classes/javax/swing/plaf/synth/SynthComboBoxUI.java     | 4 ++--
 .../share/classes/javax/swing/text/html/StyleSheet.java     | 4 ++--
 src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/awt/UngrabEvent.java     | 2 +-
 .../share/classes/sun/font/FontDesignMetrics.java           | 2 +-
 .../share/classes/sun/font/FontManagerNativeLibrary.java    | 4 ++--
 src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/SunFontManager.java | 2 +-
 .../share/classes/sun/swing/plaf/DesktopProperty.java       | 2 +-
 src/java.desktop/share/native/libjavajpeg/imageioJPEG.c     | 4 ++--
 src/java.desktop/unix/classes/sun/awt/X11/XAtom.java        | 6 +++---
 21 files changed, 35 insertions(+), 35 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/sun/lwawt/LWWindowPeer.java b/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/sun/lwawt/LWWindowPeer.java
index 634f578df02..61f9d543394 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/sun/lwawt/LWWindowPeer.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/macosx/classes/sun/lwawt/LWWindowPeer.java
@@ -1359,7 +1359,7 @@ protected void changeFocusedWindow(boolean becomesFocused, Window opposite) {
             if (focusLog.isLoggable(PlatformLogger.Level.FINE)) {
                 focusLog.fine("ungrabbing on " + grabbingWindow);
             }
-            // ungrab a simple window if its owner looses activation.
+            // ungrab a simple window if its owner loses activation.
             grabbingWindow.ungrab();
         }
 
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/macosx/native/libawt_lwawt/awt/ImageSurfaceData.h b/src/java.desktop/macosx/native/libawt_lwawt/awt/ImageSurfaceData.h
index e71224a6ff3..ecd716ca06c 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/macosx/native/libawt_lwawt/awt/ImageSurfaceData.h
+++ b/src/java.desktop/macosx/native/libawt_lwawt/awt/ImageSurfaceData.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -101,8 +101,8 @@ struct _ImageSDOps
     CGDataProviderRef        dataProvider;
 
     // Pointer in memory that is used for create the CGBitmapContext and the CGDataProvider (used for imgRef). This is a native
-    // copy of the pixels for the Image. There is a spearate copy of the pixels that lives in Java heap. There are two main
-    // reasons why we keep those pixels spearate: 1) CG doesn't support all the Java pixel formats 2) The Garbage collector can
+    // copy of the pixels for the Image. There is a separate copy of the pixels that lives in Java heap. There are two main
+    // reasons why we keep those pixels separate: 1) CG doesn't support all the Java pixel formats 2) The Garbage collector can
     // move the java pixels at any time. There are possible workarounds for both problems. Number 2) seems to be a more serious issue, since
     // we can solve 1) by only supporting certain image types.
     void *                    nativePixels;
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/imageio/plugins/png/PNGMetadata.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/imageio/plugins/png/PNGMetadata.java
index 730294c9f01..7424e74f1d8 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/imageio/plugins/png/PNGMetadata.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/imageio/plugins/png/PNGMetadata.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -1810,7 +1810,7 @@ private boolean isValidKeyword(String s) {
      * Latin-1 [ISO-8859-1] characters and spaces; that is, only
      * character codes 32-126 and 161-255 decimal are allowed.
      * For Latin-1 value fields the 0x10 (linefeed) control
-     * character is aloowed too.
+     * character is allowed too.
      *
      * See: http://www.w3.org/TR/PNG/#11keywords
      */
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/imageio/plugins/tiff/TIFFDecompressor.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/imageio/plugins/tiff/TIFFDecompressor.java
index c5f8a099174..6e21ce3ed85 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/imageio/plugins/tiff/TIFFDecompressor.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/imageio/plugins/tiff/TIFFDecompressor.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ public abstract class TIFFDecompressor {
     /**
      * The width of the source region that will actually be copied
      * into the destination image, taking into account all
-     * susbampling, offsetting, and clipping.
+     * subsampling, offsetting, and clipping.
      *
      * <p> The active source width will always be equal to
      * {@code (dstWidth - 1)*subsampleX + 1}.
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/media/sound/DLSModulator.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/media/sound/DLSModulator.java
index 257777628b2..f22a48d3fda 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/media/sound/DLSModulator.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/media/sound/DLSModulator.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 package com.sun.media.sound;
 
 /**
- * This class is used to store modulator/artiuclation data.
+ * This class is used to store modulator/articulation data.
  * A modulator connects one synthesizer source to
  * a destination. For example a note on velocity
  * can be mapped to the gain of the synthesized voice.
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/media/sound/SoftSynthesizer.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/media/sound/SoftSynthesizer.java
index 4f4b8216486..b52251ad7e1 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/media/sound/SoftSynthesizer.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/media/sound/SoftSynthesizer.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -1221,7 +1221,7 @@ public AudioInputStream openStream(AudioFormat targetFormat,
                 // Always create external_channels array
                 // with 16 or more channels
                 // so getChannels works correctly
-                // when the synhtesizer is closed.
+                // when the synthesizer is closed.
                 if (channels.length < 16)
                     external_channels = new SoftChannelProxy[16];
                 else
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/media/sound/WaveFileReader.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/media/sound/WaveFileReader.java
index 7295b180ed1..c4bdebbc8f8 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/media/sound/WaveFileReader.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/com/sun/media/sound/WaveFileReader.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ public final class WaveFileReader extends SunFileReader {
     StandardFileFormat getAudioFileFormatImpl(final InputStream stream)
             throws UnsupportedAudioFileException, IOException {
 
-        // assumes sream is rewound
+        // assumes stream is rewound
 
         int nread = 0;
         int fmt;
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/Dialog.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/Dialog.java
index 038aa5b65e3..3230d94228c 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/Dialog.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/java/awt/Dialog.java
@@ -908,7 +908,7 @@ private boolean conditionalShow(Component toFocus, AtomicLong time) {
                 }
 
                 // This call is required as the show() method of the Dialog class
-                // does not invoke the super.show(). So wried... :(
+                // does not invoke the super.show(). So weird... :(
                 mixOnShowing();
 
                 peer.setVisible(true); // now guaranteed never to block
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/AbstractButton.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/AbstractButton.java
index ad5f0eba3de..0361c5efc61 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/AbstractButton.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/AbstractButton.java
@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ public void setMargin(Insets m) {
      * the label.
      *
      * @return an <code>Insets</code> object specifying the margin
-     *          between the botton's border and the label
+     *          between the button's border and the label
      * @see #setMargin
      */
     public Insets getMargin() {
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/ProgressMonitor.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/ProgressMonitor.java
index cea800d42f2..96fa68fef94 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/ProgressMonitor.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/ProgressMonitor.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -534,7 +534,7 @@ protected class AccessibleProgressMonitor extends AccessibleContext
          *       AccessibleJLabel
          *       AccessibleJProgressBar
          *
-         * The abstraction presented to assitive technologies by
+         * The abstraction presented to assistive technologies by
          * the AccessibleProgressMonitor is that a dialog contains a
          * progress monitor with three children: a message, a note
          * label and a progress bar.
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/plaf/basic/BasicComboBoxUI.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/plaf/basic/BasicComboBoxUI.java
index de3cb1adf75..34829b1ac58 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/plaf/basic/BasicComboBoxUI.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/plaf/basic/BasicComboBoxUI.java
@@ -532,7 +532,7 @@ protected LayoutManager createLayoutManager() {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Creates the default renderer that will be used in a non-editiable combo
+     * Creates the default renderer that will be used in a non-editable combo
      * box. A default renderer will used only if a renderer has not been
      * explicitly set with <code>setRenderer</code>.
      *
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/plaf/basic/BasicListUI.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/plaf/basic/BasicListUI.java
index 37bcbec2156..8eb7f11be3f 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/plaf/basic/BasicListUI.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/plaf/basic/BasicListUI.java
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ InputMap getInputMap(int condition) {
     /**
      * Unregisters keyboard actions installed from
      * <code>installKeyboardActions</code>.
-     * This method is called at uninstallUI() time - subclassess should
+     * This method is called at uninstallUI() time - subclasses should
      * ensure that all of the keyboard actions registered at installUI
      * time are removed here.
      *
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/plaf/synth/SynthComboBoxUI.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/plaf/synth/SynthComboBoxUI.java
index 0c373483153..821a3185417 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/plaf/synth/SynthComboBoxUI.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/plaf/synth/SynthComboBoxUI.java
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ public class SynthComboBoxUI extends BasicComboBoxUI implements
     private ButtonHandler buttonHandler;
 
     /**
-     * Handler for repainting combo when editor component gains/looses focus
+     * Handler for repainting combo when editor component gains/loses focus
      */
     private EditorFocusHandler editorFocusHandler;
 
@@ -766,7 +766,7 @@ public void popupMenuWillBecomeInvisible(PopupMenuEvent e) {}
     }
 
     /**
-     * Handler for repainting combo when editor component gains/looses focus
+     * Handler for repainting combo when editor component gains/loses focus
      */
     private static class EditorFocusHandler implements FocusListener,
             PropertyChangeListener {
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/text/html/StyleSheet.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/text/html/StyleSheet.java
index 64d2e0e3bbf..5e4fef91017 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/text/html/StyleSheet.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/javax/swing/text/html/StyleSheet.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -3164,7 +3164,7 @@ public ChangeListener[] getChangeListeners() {
 
 
     /**
-     * SelectorMapping contains a specifitiy, as an integer, and an associated
+     * SelectorMapping contains a specificity, as an integer, and an associated
      * Style. It can also reference children <code>SelectorMapping</code>s,
      * so that it behaves like a tree.
      * <p>
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/awt/UngrabEvent.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/awt/UngrabEvent.java
index c9d97b8ed95..2c4ea174e82 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/awt/UngrabEvent.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/awt/UngrabEvent.java
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 
 /**
  * Sent when one of the following events occur on the grabbed window: <ul>
- * <li> it looses focus, but not to one of the owned windows
+ * <li> it loses focus, but not to one of the owned windows
  * <li> mouse click on the outside area happens (except for one of the owned windows)
  * <li> switch to another application or desktop happens
  * <li> click in the non-client area of the owning window or this window happens
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontDesignMetrics.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontDesignMetrics.java
index 66ccf7499c5..95657fbb5fd 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontDesignMetrics.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontDesignMetrics.java
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@
  * The FontDesignMetrics class expresses font metrics in terms of arbitrary
  * <i>typographic units</i> (not points) chosen by the font supplier
  * and used in the underlying platform font representations.  These units are
- * defined by dividing the em-square into a grid.  The em-sqaure is the
+ * defined by dividing the em-square into a grid.  The em-square is the
  * theoretical square whose dimensions are the full body height of the
  * font.  A typographic unit is the smallest measurable unit in the
  * em-square.  The number of units-per-em is determined by the font
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontManagerNativeLibrary.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontManagerNativeLibrary.java
index df67a40fd14..589e24327d5 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontManagerNativeLibrary.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/FontManagerNativeLibrary.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ public class FontManagerNativeLibrary {
               top of freetype library (that is used in binary form).
 
               This wrapper is compiled into fontmanager and this make
-              fontmanger library depending on freetype library.
+              font manager library depending on freetype library.
 
               On Windows DLL's in the JRE's BIN directory cannot be
               found by windows DLL loading as that directory is not
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/SunFontManager.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/SunFontManager.java
index f9808530866..ffd22f7aa42 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/SunFontManager.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/font/SunFontManager.java
@@ -2617,7 +2617,7 @@ public boolean registerFont(Font font) {
          * - family name is not the same as the full name of an installed font
          * - full name is not the same as the family name of an installed font
          * The last two of these may initially look odd but the reason is
-         * that (unfortunately) Font constructors do not distinuguish these.
+         * that (unfortunately) Font constructors do not distinguish these.
          * An extreme example of such a problem would be a font which has
          * family name "Dialog.Plain" and full name of "Dialog".
          * The one arguably overly stringent restriction here is that if an
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/swing/plaf/DesktopProperty.java b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/swing/plaf/DesktopProperty.java
index 6b33f0786a8..11586c67ff5 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/swing/plaf/DesktopProperty.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/classes/sun/swing/plaf/DesktopProperty.java
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ public class DesktopProperty implements UIDefaults.ActiveValue {
 
 
     /**
-     * Cleans up any lingering state held by unrefeernced
+     * Cleans up any lingering state held by unreferenced
      * DesktopProperties.
      */
     public static void flushUnreferencedProperties() {
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/share/native/libjavajpeg/imageioJPEG.c b/src/java.desktop/share/native/libjavajpeg/imageioJPEG.c
index ac37ad8eab6..49520b45e31 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/share/native/libjavajpeg/imageioJPEG.c
+++ b/src/java.desktop/share/native/libjavajpeg/imageioJPEG.c
@@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ static int GET_ARRAYS(JNIEnv *env, imageIODataPtr data, const JOCTET **next_byte
 /*
  * Set up error handling to use setjmp/longjmp.  This is the third such
  * setup, as both the AWT jpeg decoder and the com.sun... JPEG classes
- * setup thier own.  Ultimately these should be integrated, as they all
+ * setup their own.  Ultimately these should be integrated, as they all
  * do pretty much the same thing.
  */
 
@@ -2358,7 +2358,7 @@ imageio_term_destination (j_compress_ptr cinfo)
     JNIEnv *env = (JNIEnv *)JNU_GetEnv(the_jvm, JNI_VERSION_1_2);
 
     /* find out how much needs to be written */
-    /* this conversion from size_t to jint is safe, because the lenght of the buffer is limited by jint */
+    /* this conversion from size_t to jint is safe, because the length of the buffer is limited by jint */
     jint datacount = (jint)(sb->bufferLength - dest->free_in_buffer);
 
     if (datacount != 0) {
diff --git a/src/java.desktop/unix/classes/sun/awt/X11/XAtom.java b/src/java.desktop/unix/classes/sun/awt/X11/XAtom.java
index 3a985542058..55880740375 100644
--- a/src/java.desktop/unix/classes/sun/awt/X11/XAtom.java
+++ b/src/java.desktop/unix/classes/sun/awt/X11/XAtom.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -31,10 +31,10 @@
  * Standard X Atom are defined by X11 and these atoms are defined in this class
  * for convenience. Common X Atoms like {@code XA_WM_NAME} are used to communicate with the
  * Window manager to let it know the Window name. The use and protocol for these
- * atoms are defined in the Inter client communications converntions manual.
+ * atoms are defined in the Inter client communications conventions manual.
  * User specified XAtoms are defined by specifying a name that gets Interned
  * by the XServer and an {@code XAtom} object is returned. An {@code XAtom} can also be created
- * by using a pre-exisiting atom like {@code XA_WM_CLASS}. A {@code display} has to be specified
+ * by using a pre-existing atom like {@code XA_WM_CLASS}. A {@code display} has to be specified
  * in order to create an {@code XAtom}. <p> <p>
  *
  * Once an {@code XAtom} instance is created, you can call get and set property methods to

From 64e0cf4162e7512c987154c127677f3331c3bb9f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Du=C5=A1an=20B=C3=A1lek?= <dbalek@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 18 Aug 2026 10:14:53 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 598/707] 8389859: Missing TYPE_USE annotations on type
 variable uses

Reviewed-by: jlahoda
---
 .../sun/tools/javac/code/TypeAnnotations.java |  2 +-
 .../processing/model/type/BasicAnnoTests.java | 41 +++++++++++++++++--
 2 files changed, 39 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/TypeAnnotations.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/TypeAnnotations.java
index e49ffa92128..b065bcc75e9 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/TypeAnnotations.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/TypeAnnotations.java
@@ -485,7 +485,7 @@ private Type typeWithAnnotations(final JCTree typetree, final Type type,
             if (type.hasTag(TypeTag.ARRAY)) {
                 ret = rewriteArrayType(typetree, (ArrayType)type, annotations, onlyTypeAnnotations, pos);
             } else if (type.hasTag(TypeTag.TYPEVAR)) {
-                ret = type.annotatedType(onlyTypeAnnotations);
+                ret = type.annotatedType(annotations);
             } else if (type.getKind() == TypeKind.UNION) {
                 // There is a TypeKind, but no TypeTag.
                 UnionClassType ut = (UnionClassType) type;
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/processing/model/type/BasicAnnoTests.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/processing/model/type/BasicAnnoTests.java
index f94ba461a45..9b4ff972ba7 100644
--- a/test/langtools/tools/javac/processing/model/type/BasicAnnoTests.java
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/processing/model/type/BasicAnnoTests.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2013, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 8013852 8031744 8225377 8323684
+ * @bug 8013852 8031744 8225377 8323684 8389859
  * @summary Annotations on types
  * @library /tools/javac/lib
  * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.api
@@ -103,7 +103,9 @@ public class BasicAnnoTests extends JavacTestingAbstractProcessor {
                       new NameToAnnotationEntry("BasicAnnoTests.TB",   BasicAnnoTests.TB.class),
                       new NameToAnnotationEntry("BasicAnnoTests.TC",   BasicAnnoTests.TC.class),
                       new NameToAnnotationEntry("BasicAnnoTests.TCs",  BasicAnnoTests.TCs.class),
-                      new NameToAnnotationEntry("BasicAnnoTests.TD",  BasicAnnoTests.TD.class));
+                      new NameToAnnotationEntry("BasicAnnoTests.TD",   BasicAnnoTests.TD.class),
+                      new NameToAnnotationEntry("BasicAnnoTests.DTF",  BasicAnnoTests.DTF.class),
+                      new NameToAnnotationEntry("BasicAnnoTests.DTP",  BasicAnnoTests.DTP.class));
 
     static class NameToAnnotationEntry extends  AbstractMap.SimpleEntry<String, Class<? extends Annotation>> {
         public NameToAnnotationEntry(String key, Class<? extends Annotation> entry) {
@@ -531,6 +533,16 @@ R scan(Iterable<? extends TypeMirror> iter, P p) {
         int value();
     }
 
+    @Target({ElementType.TYPE_USE, ElementType.FIELD})
+    public @interface DTF {
+        int value();
+    }
+
+    @Target({ElementType.TYPE_USE, ElementType.PARAMETER})
+    public @interface DTP {
+        int value();
+    }
+
     // Test cases
 
     // TODO: add more cases for arrays
@@ -697,6 +709,29 @@ class Inner8<@TA(50) T> {
     @Test(posn=6, annoType = TB.class, expect = "61")
     <T> void m60(@TA(60) @TB(61) String t) { }
 
+    // Test dual target annotations on uses of type variables
+    @Test(posn=6, annoType = DTP.class, expect = "61")
+    <T> void m61(@DTP(61) T t) { }
+
+    @Test(posn=7, annoType = DTP.class, expect = "62")
+    <T> void m62(@DTP(62) T[] t) { }
+
+    class Inner63<T> {
+        @Test(posn=0, annoType = DTF.class, expect = "63")
+        @DTF(63) T f;
+    }
+    // Test dual target annotations on uses of Class types
+    @Test(posn=6, annoType = DTP.class, expect = "64")
+    <T> void m64(@DTP(64) String t) { }
+
+    @Test(posn=7, annoType = DTP.class, expect = "65")
+    <T> void m65(@DTP(65) String[] t) { }
+
+    class Inner66<T> {
+        @Test(posn=0, annoType = DTF.class, expect = "66")
+        @DTF(66) String f;
+    }
+
     class Inner70<T> {
         @Test(posn=0, annoType = TA.class, expect = "70")
         @Test(posn=0, annoType = TB.class, expect = "71")

From c2d84f0d7d7944f4b0498c9f06283dd3517d9fcc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Skantz <dskantz@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 18 Aug 2026 12:50:39 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 599/707] 8362117: C2:
 compiler/stringopts/TestStackedConcatsAppendUncommonTrap.java fails with a
 wrong result due to invalidated liveness assumptions for data phis

Co-authored-by: Emanuel Peter <epeter@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: rcastanedalo, dlong, thartmann
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/stringopts.cpp         |  94 +++++++++++-
 .../TestStackedConcatsSharedTest.java         |  62 +++++++-
 .../stringopts/TestStringConcatIR.java        |  76 ++++++++++
 .../TestStringConcatValidateMerge.java        | 142 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../TestStringConcatValidateMergeXcomp.java   |  68 +++++++++
 5 files changed, 433 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStringConcatIR.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStringConcatValidateMerge.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStringConcatValidateMergeXcomp.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/stringopts.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/stringopts.cpp
index 45a1bfddc81..5437f4e9a68 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/stringopts.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/stringopts.cpp
@@ -52,6 +52,9 @@ class StringConcat : public ResourceObj {
   Node_List           _control;        // List of control nodes that will be deleted
   Node_List           _uncommon_traps; // Uncommon traps that needs to be rewritten
                                        // to restart at the initial JVMState.
+  Unique_Node_List    _allowed_compares; // validate_control_flow() needs to know which compare nodes are
+                                         // accepted users of call results. In case of stacked concats,
+                                         // these need to be persisted across merges for validation.
 
   static constexpr uint STACKED_CONCAT_UPPER_BOUND = 256; // argument limit for a merged concat.
                                                           // The value 256 was derived by measuring
@@ -286,6 +289,10 @@ void StringConcat::eliminate_unneeded_control() {
 
 StringConcat* StringConcat::merge(StringConcat* other, Node* arg) {
   StringConcat* result = new StringConcat(_stringopts, _end);
+
+  Unique_Node_List null_check_ifs;
+  Unique_Node_List skipped_phis;
+
   for (uint x = 0; x < _control.size(); x++) {
     Node* n = _control.at(x);
     if (n->is_Call()) {
@@ -311,6 +318,17 @@ StringConcat* StringConcat::merge(StringConcat* other, Node* arg) {
         result->append(other->argument(y), other->mode(y));
       }
       arguments_appended += other->num_arguments();
+      // Cache elements for later verification.
+      if (argument(x)->is_Phi()) {
+        Node* phi = argument(x);
+        assert(phi->as_Phi()->is_diamond_phi() > 0, "must be a diamond phi (ref. skip_string_null_check).");
+        Node* iff = phi->in(0)->in(1)->in(0);
+        Node* bol = iff->in(1);
+        Node* cmpp = bol->as_Bool()->in(1);
+        null_check_ifs.push(iff);
+        skipped_phis.push(phi);
+        result->_allowed_compares.push(cmpp);
+      }
     } else {
       result->append(argx, mode(x));
       arguments_appended++;
@@ -327,13 +345,55 @@ StringConcat* StringConcat::merge(StringConcat* other, Node* arg) {
       return nullptr;
     }
   }
+
+  // Verify that the diamond region isn't shared with non-null check phis;
+  // and that the associated bool doesn't have external uses.
+  for (uint i = 0; i < skipped_phis.size(); i++) {
+    Node* n = skipped_phis.at(i);
+    Node* r = n->in(0);
+    for (SimpleDUIterator j(r); j.has_next(); j.next()) {
+      Node* n2 = j.get();
+      if (n2->is_Phi() && !n2->is_memory_phi() && !skipped_phis.member(n2)) {
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+        if (PrintOptimizeStringConcat) {
+          tty->print_cr("null-check diamond region has external phi uses");
+        }
+#endif
+        return nullptr;
+      }
+    }
+    Node* iff = n->in(0)->in(1)->in(0);
+    Node* bol = iff->in(1);
+    for (SimpleDUIterator j(bol); j.has_next(); j.next()) {
+      if (!null_check_ifs.member(j.get())) {
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+        if (PrintOptimizeStringConcat) {
+          tty->print_cr("null-check diamond bool has external uses.");
+        }
+#endif
+        return nullptr;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   result->set_allocation(other->_begin);
   for (uint i = 0; i < _constructors.size(); i++) {
     result->add_constructor(_constructors.at(i));
   }
+
   for (uint i = 0; i < other->_constructors.size(); i++) {
     result->add_constructor(other->_constructors.at(i));
   }
+
+  // We add previous _allowed_compares in case of repeated stacked concatenation.
+  for (uint i = 0; i < _allowed_compares.size(); i++) {
+    result->_allowed_compares.push(_allowed_compares.at(i));
+  }
+
+  for (uint i = 0; i < other->_allowed_compares.size(); i++) {
+    result->_allowed_compares.push(other->_allowed_compares.at(i));
+  }
+
   result->_multiple = true;
   return result;
 }
@@ -936,6 +996,10 @@ bool StringConcat::validate_control_flow() {
   int null_check_count = 0;
   Unique_Node_List ctrl_path;
 
+  // Local version of _allowed_compares that stores allowed comparisons discovered during traversal
+  // but that we won't persist across merges.
+  Unique_Node_List local_allowed_compares;
+
   assert(_control.contains(_begin), "missing");
   assert(_control.contains(_end), "missing");
 
@@ -993,11 +1057,31 @@ bool StringConcat::validate_control_flow() {
       Node* v2 = cmp->in(2);
       Node* otherproj = iff->proj_out(1 - ptr->as_Proj()->_con);
 
-      // Null check of the return of append which can simply be eliminated
+      // Either a null check of the return of append which can simply be eliminated,
+      // or possibly of a toString during stacked concats.
       if (b->_test._test == BoolTest::ne &&
           v2->bottom_type() == TypePtr::NULL_PTR &&
           v1->is_Proj() && ctrl_path.member(v1->in(0))) {
-        // null check of the return value of the append
+        if (!is_SB_toString(v1->in(0))) {
+          // append type
+          assert(v1->in(0)->as_CallStaticJava()->method()->name() == ciSymbols::append_name(), "must be");
+          local_allowed_compares.push(cmp);
+        } else {
+          // toString
+          assert(_multiple, "if not _multiple, we should not have a toString on this control path");
+          if (!_allowed_compares.member(cmp)) {
+            // Should have been populated during merge if valid.
+            // This should also be caught in result use verification later but we can fail early here.
+            fail = true;
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+            if (PrintOptimizeStringConcat) {
+              tty->print_cr("Failing as toString()-dependent compare is not part of a recognized string null check.");
+              cmp->dump();
+            }
+#endif
+            break;
+          }
+        }
         null_check_count++;
         if (otherproj->outcnt() == 1) {
           CallStaticJavaNode* call = otherproj->unique_out()->isa_CallStaticJava();
@@ -1022,6 +1106,8 @@ bool StringConcat::validate_control_flow() {
               ((v1->is_Proj() && is_SB_toString(v1->in(0)) && ctrl_path.member(v1->in(0))) ||
                (v2->is_Proj() && is_SB_toString(v2->in(0)) && ctrl_path.member(v2->in(0))))) {
             // iftrue -> if -> bool -> cmpp -> resproj -> tostring
+            assert(!_allowed_compares.member(cmp) && !local_allowed_compares.member(cmp), "Unsound dependency on intermediate values");
+            // Would be caught by containment analysis later but we can fail early here.
             fail = true;
             break;
           }
@@ -1147,7 +1233,9 @@ bool StringConcat::validate_control_flow() {
         continue;
       }
       int opc = use->Opcode();
-      if (opc == Op_CmpP || opc == Op_Node) {
+      if (opc == Op_Node ||
+         (opc == Op_CmpP && (use->outcnt() == 1) // The cmpp validation assumes a unique use.
+                         && (local_allowed_compares.member(use) || _allowed_compares.member(use)))) {
         ctrl_path.push(use);
         continue;
       }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStackedConcatsSharedTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStackedConcatsSharedTest.java
index 15fc0303674..1e6fd434804 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStackedConcatsSharedTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStackedConcatsSharedTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,13 +23,15 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 8356246
+ * @bug 8356246 8362117
  * @summary Test stacked string concatenations where the toString of the first StringBuilder
  *          is used as a shared test by two diamond Ifs in the second StringBuilder.
- * @run main/othervm compiler.stringopts.TestStackedConcatsSharedTest
- * @run main/othervm -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xcomp
- *                   -XX:CompileOnly=compiler.stringopts.TestStackedConcatsSharedTest::*
- *                   compiler.stringopts.TestStackedConcatsSharedTest
+ *          (f): make sure we don't crash outright
+ *          (g): external null checks depending on the same test/removed call should not give a wrong result.
+ *          (h): multiple phis attached to the same diamond region; only one is a proper null check phi.
+ *          (i): non-null check phi reused after intermediate stacked concat: check for correct result
+ * @run main/othervm ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xcomp -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::* ${test.main.class}
  */
 
 package compiler.stringopts;
@@ -42,6 +44,21 @@ public static void main(String... args) {
         if (!s.equals("")) {
             throw new RuntimeException("wrong result");
         }
+        s = g();
+        if (!s.equals("abcabcabc")) {
+            System.out.println(s);
+            throw new RuntimeException("wrong result");
+        }
+        s = h();
+        if (!s.equals("abcabcnotnull")) {
+            System.out.println(s);
+            throw new RuntimeException("wrong result");
+        }
+        s = i();
+        if (!s.equals("abcabcnotnull")) {
+            System.out.println(s);
+            throw new RuntimeException("wrong result");
+        }
     }
 
     static String f() {
@@ -52,4 +69,37 @@ static String f() {
         s = new StringBuilder(String.valueOf(s)).append(String.valueOf(s)).toString();
         return s;
     }
+
+    static String g() {
+        String s = "abc";
+        s = new StringBuilder(s).toString();
+        s = new StringBuilder(String.valueOf(s)).append(String.valueOf(s)).toString() + (s == null ? "def" : "abc");
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    static String h() {
+        String s1 = new String("abc");
+        String s2 = new StringBuilder(s1).append(s1).toString();
+        String arg2 = "";
+        if (s2 == null) {
+          arg2 = "null";
+        } else {
+          arg2 = "notnull";
+        }
+        return new StringBuilder(s2).append(arg2).toString();
+    }
+
+    static String i() {
+        String s1 = new String("abc");
+        String s2 = new StringBuilder(s1).append(s1).toString();
+        String arg2 = "";
+        if (s2 == null) {
+          arg2 = "null";
+        } else {
+          arg2 = "notnull";
+        }
+        String s3 = new StringBuilder(s2).toString();
+        String s4 = new StringBuilder(s3).append(arg2).toString();
+        return s4;
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStringConcatIR.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStringConcatIR.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0ead4d2661c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStringConcatIR.java
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8362117
+ * @summary Basic IR checks to verify that merge validation does not break concat optimizations.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.stringopts;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+
+public class TestStringConcatIR {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestFramework.runWithFlags();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"stackedConcat", "stackedConcatNullCheck"})
+    public void runMethodA() {
+        stackedConcat();
+        stackedConcatNullCheck();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.CALL,    ">= 9"}, phase = {CompilePhase.BEFORE_STRINGOPTS}) // at least init, append, tostring x 3
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.ALLOC,   "= 3"},  phase = {CompilePhase.BEFORE_STRINGOPTS})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.CALL,    "= 0"},  phase = {CompilePhase.ITER_GVN1})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.ALLOC,   "= 1"},  phase = {CompilePhase.ITER_GVN1})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.STORE_B, "= 16"}, phase = {CompilePhase.ITER_GVN1})
+    static String stackedConcat() {
+        String s = "ab";
+        s = new StringBuilder(s).append(s).toString();
+        s = new StringBuilder(s).append(s).toString();
+        s = new StringBuilder(s).append(s).toString();
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"TieredCompilation", "true"},
+        counts = {IRNode.CALL, ">= 9", IRNode.ALLOC, "= 3"},
+        phase = {CompilePhase.BEFORE_STRINGOPTS})
+    @IR(applyIf = {"TieredCompilation", "true"},
+        counts = {IRNode.CALL, "= 0", IRNode.ALLOC, "= 1", IRNode.STORE_B, "= 24"},
+        phase = {CompilePhase.ITER_GVN1})
+    static String stackedConcatNullCheck() {
+        String s = "abc";
+        s = new StringBuilder(String.valueOf(s)).append(s).toString();
+        s = new StringBuilder(String.valueOf(s)).append(String.valueOf(s)).toString();
+        s = new StringBuilder(s).append(String.valueOf(s)).toString();
+        return s;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStringConcatValidateMerge.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStringConcatValidateMerge.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b539c0e7cb5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStringConcatValidateMerge.java
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8362117
+ * @summary Prevent crashes and miscompilations when external constructs
+ *          could be confused for StringConcat append/toString-null checks.
+ * @run main/othervm ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::test* ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:CompileThreshold=500
+ *                   -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::test* ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation
+ *                   -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::test* ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.stringopts;
+
+public class TestStringConcatValidateMerge {
+
+    public static void main (String... args) {
+
+        String gold = test1(false);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; i++) {
+            test1((i & 1) == 0);
+        }
+        String val = test1(false);
+        if (!val.equals(gold)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("wrong value: " + val + " vs " + gold);
+        }
+
+        for (int t = 0; t < 10_000; t++) {
+            // The following line is probably important for profiling.
+            try { new String((String) null); } catch (NullPointerException e) {}
+            test2();
+        }
+
+        for (int t = 0; t < 10_000; t++) {
+            try {
+                if (t % 2 != 0) {
+                    test3(null, "B");
+                } else {
+                    test3("A", null);
+                }
+            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+                // expected
+            }
+        }
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100_000; i++) {
+            test4();
+        }
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100_000; i++) {
+            test5(i % 2 == 0);
+        }
+
+        gold = test6(new StringBuilder(" "));
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100_000; i++) {
+            val = test6(new StringBuilder(" "));
+        }
+        if (!val.equals(gold)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("wrong result.");
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    // test1-3: StringOpts can't stack as SB1 is used in a compare in SB2 (previously confused as a valid string null check).
+    // test4: can't remove SB1's toString as it's used in an external comparison that needs it -> reject stacking
+    // test5: hand-written branching that changes return value (previously mistaken to be a valid string null check).
+    // test6: merge an unresolved stringbuilder with the intermediate value used in a compare: reject single concat.
+
+    // JDK-8385429
+    static String test1(boolean flag) {
+        String s = new StringBuilder("ABC").toString();
+        return new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s == null ? "x" : "y").append(flag ? "z" : s).toString();
+    }
+
+    // JDK-8385428
+    static int test2() {
+        String s1 = (("a" == null) ? "b" : "c") + 'd';
+        String s2 = new StringBuilder(s1).toString();
+        String s3 = new StringBuilder(s2).append(s1).append(s2 == null ? "" : s2).toString();
+        return s3.length();
+    }
+
+    // JDK-8385415
+    static Object test3(String a, String b) {
+        String s1 = new String(b);
+        String s2 = new StringBuffer(s1).append(s1).toString();
+        return new StringBuffer(s2).append(a).append(s2 == null ? "" : s2).toString();
+    }
+
+    // JDK-8384130
+    static String test4() {
+        String s = new StringBuilder().toString();
+        return new StringBuilder(s).toString() == s ? "a" : "b";
+    }
+
+    static String test5(boolean test) {
+        String s1 = new String("b");
+        String s2 = new StringBuilder(s1).append(s1).toString();
+        String arg1 = "";
+        String arg2 = "";
+        if (s2 == null) {
+          arg2 = "null";
+        } else {
+          arg2 = "Some other string";
+        }
+        return new StringBuffer(s2).append(arg2).toString();
+    }
+
+    static String test6(StringBuilder c) {
+        StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder().append(" ");
+        String ret = s.append(s == c ? "abc" : "   ").toString();
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStringConcatValidateMergeXcomp.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStringConcatValidateMergeXcomp.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ca75545092b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStringConcatValidateMergeXcomp.java
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8362117
+ * @summary Similar type of test scenarios as in TestStringConcatValidateMerge.java
+ *          but for problems which manifested with -Xcomp
+ *          (f): stringopts shouldn't confuse ternary expression with string null check
+ *               and fold away diamond phi arbitrarily leading to wrong result when depending on
+ *               toString of SB1.
+ *          (g): variant of (f) with append instead of toString
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run main/othervm ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xcomp
+ *                   -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::* ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.stringopts;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestStringConcatValidateMergeXcomp {
+
+    public static void main (String... args) {
+        new StringBuilder(); // load the class
+        f();
+        g();
+    }
+
+    static String f() {
+        String s = "a";
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append((s == "xx") ? s : "aa").toString();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(s, "aaaa"); // in particular, we should not have s.equals("aaxx");
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    static String g() {
+        String s = "a";
+        StringBuilder sb0 = new StringBuilder();
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+        StringBuilder sb2 = new StringBuilder().append(s);
+        s = sb2.append((sb2 == sb0) ? "xx" : "aa").toString();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(s, "aaaa"); // in particular, we should not have s.equals("aaxx").
+        return s;
+    }
+}

From 0741f25d3d66cca73328faf2683f5e65c4278837 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Roland Westrelin <roland@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 18 Aug 2026 13:46:17 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 600/707] 8390467: C2: _map != nullptr assert failure in
 LibraryCallKit::inline_Class_cast()

Reviewed-by: qamai, thartmann
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp       |  5 +-
 .../intrinsics/TestClassCastDeadPath.java     | 67 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 69 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/TestClassCastDeadPath.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
index 5945f6f072e..ddd59936f4d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
@@ -4631,7 +4631,7 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_Class_cast() {
   }
 
   // Not-subtype or the mirror's klass ptr is nullptr (in case it is a primitive).
-  enum { _bad_type_path = 1, _prim_path = 2, _npe_path = 3, PATH_LIMIT };
+  enum { _bad_type_path = 1, _prim_path = 2, PATH_LIMIT };
   RegionNode* region = new RegionNode(PATH_LIMIT);
   record_for_igvn(region);
 
@@ -4653,8 +4653,7 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_Class_cast() {
     region->init_req(_bad_type_path, bad_type_ctrl);
   }
   if (region->in(_prim_path) != top() ||
-      region->in(_bad_type_path) != top() ||
-      region->in(_npe_path) != top()) {
+      region->in(_bad_type_path) != top()) {
     // Let Interpreter throw ClassCastException.
     PreserveJVMState pjvms(this);
     if (new_cast_failure_map != nullptr) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/TestClassCastDeadPath.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/TestClassCastDeadPath.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fe310bb9f46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/TestClassCastDeadPath.java
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8390467
+ * @summary C2: _map != nullptr assert failure in LibraryCallKit::inline_Class_cast()
+ * @run main/othervm  -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::test1 -Xcomp ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.intrinsics;
+
+public class TestClassCastDeadPath {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        B b = new B();
+        C c = new C();
+        A.class.cast(b);
+        try {
+            test1(c);
+        } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void test1(Object o) {
+        if (!(o instanceof I)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("never taken");
+        }
+        A.class.cast(o);
+    }
+
+    static abstract class A {
+
+    }
+
+    static class B extends A {
+
+    }
+
+    interface I {
+
+    }
+
+    static class C implements I {
+
+    }
+
+}

From c2e49da8f6391a0a3447fc5b1349bebd3b7f2e23 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ivan Bereziuk <Navi.Bereziuk@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 18 Aug 2026 13:52:39 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 601/707] 8390065: TestDockerMemoryMetrics.java fails in
 MetricsMemoryTester failcount

Reviewed-by: cnorrbin
---
 .../platform/docker/MetricsMemoryTester.java  | 83 +++++++++++--------
 .../docker/TestDockerMemoryMetrics.java       | 37 ++++++---
 2 files changed, 73 insertions(+), 47 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/internal/platform/docker/MetricsMemoryTester.java b/test/jdk/jdk/internal/platform/docker/MetricsMemoryTester.java
index c27a1c7480f..53924b6abad 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/internal/platform/docker/MetricsMemoryTester.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/internal/platform/docker/MetricsMemoryTester.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -65,43 +65,58 @@ private static void testMemoryLimit(String value) {
     }
 
     private static void testMemoryFailCount() {
-        long memAndSwapLimit = Metrics.systemMetrics().getMemoryAndSwapLimit();
-        long memLimit = Metrics.systemMetrics().getMemoryLimit();
+        final Metrics metrics = Metrics.systemMetrics();
+        final long memAndSwapLimit = metrics.getMemoryAndSwapLimit();
+        final long memLimit = metrics.getMemoryLimit();
+
+        final int M = 1024 * 1024;
+
+        // We need swap to execute this test. Otherwise OOM killer acts with
+        // SIGKILL before we read the fail counter.
+
+        final long maxHeapSize = Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory();
+        if (maxHeapSize <= memLimit || maxHeapSize >= memAndSwapLimit) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(
+                    "Expected memory limit < maximum heap < memory-and-swap limit: "
+                            + "memory=" + memLimit / M + "M, "
+                            + "heap=" + maxHeapSize / M + "M, "
+                            + "memory-and-swap=" + memAndSwapLimit / M + "M");
+        }
 
-        // We need swap to execute this test or will SEGV
-        if (memAndSwapLimit <= memLimit) {
-            System.out.println("No swap memory limits. Ignoring test!");
-        } else {
-            long count = Metrics.systemMetrics().getMemoryFailCount();
-
-            // Allocate 512M of data in 1M chunks per iteration
-            byte[][] bytes = new byte[64 * 8][];
-            boolean atLeastOneAllocationWorked = false;
-            for (int i = 0; i < 64 * 8; i++) {
-                try {
-                    bytes[i] = new byte[1024 * 1024];
-                    atLeastOneAllocationWorked = true;
-                    // Break out as soon as we see an increase in failcount
-                    // to avoid getting killed by the OOM killer.
-                    if (Metrics.systemMetrics().getMemoryFailCount() > count) {
-                        break;
-                    }
-                } catch (Error e) { // OOM error
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-            if (!atLeastOneAllocationWorked) {
-                System.out.println("Allocation failed immediately. Ignoring test!");
-                return;
+        final long initialFailCount = metrics.getMemoryFailCount();
+
+        System.out.println("Initial memory fail count: " + initialFailCount);
+
+        // Allocate 512M of data in 1M chunks per iteration
+        byte[][] bytes = new byte[512][];
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 512; i++) {
+            if (i % 8 == 0) {
+                System.out.printf("Allocated: %3dM, Memory usage: %3dM, Memory and swap: %3dM\n",
+                        i,
+                        metrics.getMemoryUsage() / M,
+                        metrics.getMemoryAndSwapUsage() / M);
+            } else {
+                System.out.print(".");
             }
-            // Be sure bytes allocations don't get optimized out
-            System.out.println("DEBUG: Bytes allocation length 1: " + bytes[0].length);
-            if (Metrics.systemMetrics().getMemoryFailCount() <= count) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("Memory fail count : new : ["
-                        + Metrics.systemMetrics().getMemoryFailCount() + "]"
-                        + ", old : [" + count + "]");
+            bytes[i] = new byte[M];
+            Arrays.fill(bytes[i], (byte) 1);  // dirty every page
+            // Break out as soon as we see an increase in failcount
+            if (metrics.getMemoryFailCount() > initialFailCount) {
+                break;
             }
         }
+
+        // Be sure bytes allocations don't get optimized out
+        System.out.println("\nDEBUG: Bytes allocation length 1: " + bytes[0].length);
+        final long newCount = metrics.getMemoryFailCount();
+        System.out.println("Final memory fail count: " + newCount);
+
+        if (newCount <= initialFailCount) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Memory fail count did not increase: initial="
+                    + initialFailCount + ", final=" + newCount);
+        }
+
         System.out.println("TEST PASSED!!!");
     }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/internal/platform/docker/TestDockerMemoryMetrics.java b/test/jdk/jdk/internal/platform/docker/TestDockerMemoryMetrics.java
index 12f90d65516..78878879783 100644
--- a/test/jdk/jdk/internal/platform/docker/TestDockerMemoryMetrics.java
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/internal/platform/docker/TestDockerMemoryMetrics.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
             }
             testOomKillFlag("100m", true);
 
-            testMemoryFailCount("128m");
+            testMemoryFailCount("128m" /*memory*/, "768m" /*max_heap*/, "1024m" /*memory_n_swap*/);
 
             testMemorySoftLimit("500m","200m");
 
@@ -105,36 +105,47 @@ private static void testMemoryLimit(String value, boolean addCgroupMount) throws
         DockerTestUtils.dockerRunJava(opts).shouldHaveExitValue(0).shouldContain("TEST PASSED!!!");
     }
 
-    private static void testMemoryFailCount(String value) throws Exception {
-        Common.logNewTestCase("testMemoryFailCount" + value);
+    private static void testMemoryFailCount(String memory, String heap, String memoryAndSwap) throws Exception {
+        Common.logNewTestCase("testMemoryFailCount, memory = " + memory
+                + ", heap = " + heap
+                + ", memory + swap = " + memoryAndSwap);
 
         // Check whether swapping really works for this test
         // On some systems there is no swap space enabled. And running
-        // 'java -Xms{mem-limit} -Xmx{mem-limit} -XX:+AlwaysPreTouch -version'
+        // 'java -Xms{heap} -Xmx{heap} -XX:+AlwaysPreTouch -version'
         // would fail due to swap space size being 0. Note that when swap is
-        // properly enabled on the system the container gets the same amount
-        // of swap as is configured for memory. Thus, 2x{mem-limit} is the actual
-        // memory and swap bound for this pre-test.
+        // properly enabled, the explicit memory-and-swap limit gives the JVM
+        // enough headroom to exceed the physical memory limit without being
+        // killed by the OOM killer.
         DockerRunOptions preOpts =
                 new DockerRunOptions(imageName, "/jdk/bin/java", "-version");
         preOpts.addDockerOpts("--volume", Utils.TEST_CLASSES + ":/test-classes/")
-                .addDockerOpts("--memory=" + value)
+                .addDockerOpts("--memory=" + memory)
+                .addDockerOpts("--memory-swap=" + memoryAndSwap)
                 .addJavaOpts("-XX:+AlwaysPreTouch")
-                .addJavaOpts("-Xms" + value)
-                .addJavaOpts("-Xmx" + value);
+                .addJavaOptsAppended("-XX:InitialHeapSize=" + heap)
+                .addJavaOptsAppended("-XX:MaxHeapSize=" + heap);
         OutputAnalyzer oa = DockerTestUtils.dockerRunJava(preOpts);
         String output = oa.getOutput();
         if (!output.contains("version")) {
             throw new SkippedException("Swapping doesn't work for this test.");
         }
 
+        //  0                   128                                                       1024
+        //  |---o----------------|---------------------------X--------------)-------------|
+        //      START            memory.max                  growth target  MaxHeapSize   memory+swap limit
+        //      o~~~~~>~>~>~>~>~>~>~>~>~>~>~>~>~>~>~>~>  (growth)                          OOM
+        //  failcount: 0          1 2 3 . . . N
+        //
         DockerRunOptions opts =
                 new DockerRunOptions(imageName, "/jdk/bin/java", "MetricsMemoryTester");
         opts.addDockerOpts("--volume", Utils.TEST_CLASSES + ":/test-classes/")
-                .addDockerOpts("--memory=" + value)
-                .addJavaOpts("-Xmx" + value)
+                .addDockerOpts("--memory=" + memory)
+                .addDockerOpts("--memory-swap=" + memoryAndSwap)
                 .addJavaOpts("-cp", "/test-classes/")
                 .addJavaOpts("--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.platform=ALL-UNNAMED")
+                // set the required heap size *after* inherited jtreg options
+                .addJavaOptsAppended("-XX:MaxHeapSize=" + heap)
                 .addClassOptions("failcount");
         oa = DockerTestUtils.dockerRunJava(opts);
         output = oa.getOutput();

From 3be31d10b55a54199be1aa629a510d28c3d7f169 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Erik Gahlin <egahlin@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 18 Aug 2026 13:53:01 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 602/707] 8390133: JFR: OngoingStream reads stale header

Reviewed-by: mgronlun
---
 .../jdk/jfr/internal/consumer/OngoingStream.java      | 11 ++++++-----
 .../jdk/jfr/internal/consumer/RecordingInput.java     |  6 +++++-
 2 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.jfr/share/classes/jdk/jfr/internal/consumer/OngoingStream.java b/src/jdk.jfr/share/classes/jdk/jfr/internal/consumer/OngoingStream.java
index 83d8b8c5f17..a60117fe316 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jfr/share/classes/jdk/jfr/internal/consumer/OngoingStream.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jfr/share/classes/jdk/jfr/internal/consumer/OngoingStream.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -167,10 +167,11 @@ private byte[] readWithHeader(int size) throws IOException {
         byte[] bytes = new byte[Math.max(HEADER_SIZE, size)];
         for (int attempts = 0; attempts < 25; attempts++) {
             // read twice and check files state to avoid simultaneous change by JVM
-            input.position(0);
-            input.readFully(bytes, 0, HEADER_SIZE);
-            input.position(0);
-            input.readFully(headerBytes);
+            input.positionPhysical(0);
+            input.readPhysicalFully(bytes, 0, HEADER_SIZE);
+            input.positionPhysical(0);
+            input.readPhysicalFully(headerBytes, 0, HEADER_SIZE);
+            input.position(HEADER_SIZE);
             if (bytes[HEADER_FILE_STATE_POSITION] != MODIFYING_STATE) {
                 if (bytes[HEADER_FILE_STATE_POSITION] == headerBytes[HEADER_FILE_STATE_POSITION]) {
                     ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes);
diff --git a/src/jdk.jfr/share/classes/jdk/jfr/internal/consumer/RecordingInput.java b/src/jdk.jfr/share/classes/jdk/jfr/internal/consumer/RecordingInput.java
index 33cb928bbbf..001bd39896e 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jfr/share/classes/jdk/jfr/internal/consumer/RecordingInput.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jfr/share/classes/jdk/jfr/internal/consumer/RecordingInput.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -110,6 +110,10 @@ long readPhysicalLong() throws IOException {
         return file.readLong();
     }
 
+    void readPhysicalFully(byte[] dest, int offset, int length) throws IOException {
+        file.readFully(dest, offset, length);
+    }
+
     @Override
     public final byte readByte() throws IOException {
         if (!currentBlock.contains(position)) {

From 8a507d85e9b7c7a0acfd7fa72b898b9a9ce2d5ee Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Peijun Xu <xupeijun.xpj@alibaba-inc.com>
Date: Tue, 18 Aug 2026 13:55:24 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 603/707] 8390102: RISC-V: Support AOT Code Cache

Reviewed-by: adinn, fyang, kvn
---
 .../cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_riscv.cpp       |  15 +
 .../cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_riscv.hpp       |   2 +-
 .../gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp     |  20 +-
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp   |  20 +-
 .../cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp        |  96 +-
 .../cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.hpp        |   6 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad                |  31 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/runtime_riscv.cpp       |  25 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/sharedRuntime_riscv.cpp |  40 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp | 999 ++++++++++++++----
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubRoutines_riscv.cpp  |  12 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.cpp    |  60 ++
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.hpp    |  21 +
 .../os_cpu/linux_riscv/os_linux_riscv.cpp     |  12 +-
 src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp       |  12 +-
 src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp       |  17 +-
 .../AOTCodeCPUFeatureIncompatibilityTest.java |  20 +-
 test/jtreg-ext/requires/VMProps.java          |   2 +-
 18 files changed, 1153 insertions(+), 257 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_riscv.cpp
index 5d174e77f37..496e26d3c0b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 #include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciInstance.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
 #include "code/compiledIC.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp"
 #include "nativeInst_riscv.hpp"
@@ -43,6 +44,7 @@
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
+#include "runtime/threadIdentifier.hpp"
 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
 #include "vmreg_riscv.inline.hpp"
 
@@ -441,6 +443,19 @@ void LIR_Assembler::const2reg(LIR_Opr src, LIR_Opr dest, LIR_PatchCode patch_cod
 
     case T_LONG:
       assert(patch_code == lir_patch_none, "no patching handled here");
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+      if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
+        address b = c->as_pointer();
+        if (b == (address)ThreadIdentifier::unsafe_offset()) {
+          __ la(dest->as_register_lo(), ExternalAddress(b));
+          break;
+        }
+        if (AOTRuntimeConstants::contains(b)) {
+          __ load_aotrc_address(dest->as_register_lo(), b);
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+#endif
       __ mv(dest->as_register_lo(), (intptr_t)c->as_jlong());
       break;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_riscv.hpp
index 4a915c727ae..85e2e2866e9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c1_LIRAssembler_riscv.hpp
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ friend class ArrayCopyStub;
     _call_stub_size = 11 * MacroAssembler::instruction_size +
                       1 * MacroAssembler::instruction_size + wordSize,
     // See emit_exception_handler for detail
-    _exception_handler_size = DEBUG_ONLY(256) NOT_DEBUG(32), // or smaller
+    _exception_handler_size = DEBUG_ONLY(1*K) NOT_DEBUG(175), // or smaller
     // See emit_deopt_handler for detail
     // far_call (2) + j (1)
     _deopt_handler_size = 1 * MacroAssembler::instruction_size +
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
index fa236bf8ead..abcf69e2df0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "asm/macroAssembler.inline.hpp"
+#include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1BarrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1BarrierSetAssembler.hpp"
 #include "gc/g1/g1BarrierSetRuntime.hpp"
@@ -257,9 +258,22 @@ static void generate_post_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm,
   assert(thread == xthread, "must be");
   assert_different_registers(store_addr, new_val, thread, tmp1, tmp2, noreg);
   // Does store cross heap regions?
-  __ xorr(tmp1, store_addr, new_val);                    // tmp1 := store address ^ new value
-  __ srli(tmp1, tmp1, G1HeapRegion::LogOfHRGrainBytes);  // tmp1 := ((store address ^ new value) >> LogOfHRGrainBytes)
-  __ beqz(tmp1, done);
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+  // AOT code needs to load the barrier grain shift from the aot
+  // runtime constants area in the code cache otherwise we can compile
+  // it as an immediate operand
+  if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
+    __ xorr(tmp1, store_addr, new_val);
+    __ lwu(tmp2, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::grain_shift_address()));
+    __ srl(tmp1, tmp1, tmp2);
+    __ beqz(tmp1, done);
+  } else
+#endif
+  {
+    __ xorr(tmp1, store_addr, new_val);                    // tmp1 := store address ^ new value
+    __ srli(tmp1, tmp1, G1HeapRegion::LogOfHRGrainBytes);  // tmp1 := ((store address ^ new value) >> LogOfHRGrainBytes)
+    __ beqz(tmp1, done);
+  }
 
   // Crosses regions, storing null?
   if (new_val_may_be_null) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
index 1de4ff2b93d..647846d523b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -219,8 +219,14 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::load_reference_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm,
 
   // Test for in-cset
   if (is_strong) {
-    __ mv(t1, ShenandoahHeap::in_cset_fast_test_addr());
-    __ srli(t0, x10, ShenandoahHeapRegion::region_size_bytes_shift_jint());
+    if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
+      __ ld(t1, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::cset_base_address()));
+      __ lwu(t0, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::grain_shift_address()));
+      __ srl(t0, x10, t0);
+    } else {
+      __ mv(t1, ShenandoahHeap::in_cset_fast_test_addr());
+      __ srli(t0, x10, ShenandoahHeapRegion::region_size_bytes_shift_jint());
+    }
     __ add(t1, t1, t0);
     __ lbu(t1, Address(t1));
     __ test_bit(t0, t1, 0);
@@ -815,8 +821,14 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierStubC2::lrb(MacroAssembler& masm) {
     __ mv(_tmp2, _obj);
   }
 
-  __ mv(_tmp1, ShenandoahHeap::in_cset_fast_test_addr());
-  __ srli(_tmp2, _tmp2, ShenandoahHeapRegion::region_size_bytes_shift_jint());
+  if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
+    __ lwu(_tmp1, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::grain_shift_address()));
+    __ srl(_tmp2, _tmp2, _tmp1);
+    __ ld(_tmp1, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::cset_base_address()));
+  } else {
+    __ mv(_tmp1, ShenandoahHeap::in_cset_fast_test_addr());
+    __ srli(_tmp2, _tmp2, ShenandoahHeapRegion::region_size_bytes_shift_jint());
+  }
   __ add(_tmp1, _tmp1, _tmp2);
   __ lbu(_tmp1, Address(_tmp1, 0));
   maybe_far_jump_if_zero(masm, _tmp1);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
index 166915ba018..15d853f919b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 
 #include "asm/assembler.hpp"
 #include "asm/assembler.inline.hpp"
+#include "cds/archiveBuilder.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "code/compiledIC.hpp"
 #include "compiler/disassembler.hpp"
@@ -879,9 +880,13 @@ void MacroAssembler::resolve_global_jobject(Register value, Register tmp1, Regis
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::stop(const char* msg) {
-  BLOCK_COMMENT(msg);
+  // Skip AOT caching C strings in scratch buffer.
+  const char* str = (code_section()->scratch_emit()) ? msg : AOTCodeCache::add_C_string(msg);
+  BLOCK_COMMENT(str);
+  // load msg into a0 so we can access it from the signal handler
+  // ExternalAddress enables saving and restoring via the code cache
+  la(c_rarg0, ExternalAddress((address) str));
   illegal_instruction(Assembler::csr::time);
-  emit_int64((uintptr_t)msg);
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::unimplemented(const char* what) {
@@ -911,10 +916,8 @@ void MacroAssembler::emit_static_call_stub() {
 void MacroAssembler::call_VM_leaf_base(address entry_point,
                                        int number_of_arguments,
                                        Label *retaddr) {
-  int32_t offset = 0;
   push_reg(RegSet::of(t1, xmethod), sp);   // push << t1 & xmethod >> to sp
-  movptr(t1, entry_point, offset, t0);
-  jalr(t1, offset);
+  rt_call(entry_point, t1, t0);
   if (retaddr != nullptr) {
     bind(*retaddr);
   }
@@ -1164,16 +1167,17 @@ void MacroAssembler::jalr(Register Rs, int32_t offset) {
   Assembler::jalr(x1, Rs, offset);
 }
 
-void MacroAssembler::rt_call(address dest, Register tmp) {
-  assert(tmp != x5, "tmp register must not be x5.");
+void MacroAssembler::rt_call(address dest, Register tmp1, Register tmp2) {
+  assert_different_registers(tmp1, x5);
+  assert_different_registers(tmp1, tmp2);
   RuntimeAddress target(dest);
   if (CodeCache::contains(dest)) {
-    far_call(target, tmp);
+    far_call(target, tmp1);
   } else {
     relocate(target.rspec(), [&] {
       int32_t offset;
-      movptr(tmp, target.target(), offset);
-      jalr(tmp, offset);
+      movptr(tmp1, target.target(), offset, tmp2);
+      jalr(tmp1, offset);
     });
   }
 }
@@ -3054,7 +3058,7 @@ int MacroAssembler::patch_oop(address insn_addr, address o) {
 
 void MacroAssembler::reinit_heapbase() {
   if (UseCompressedOops) {
-    if (Universe::is_fully_initialized()) {
+    if (Universe::is_fully_initialized() && !AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
       mv(xheapbase, CompressedOops::base());
     } else {
       ld(xheapbase, ExternalAddress(CompressedOops::base_addr()));
@@ -3925,19 +3929,28 @@ void MacroAssembler::decode_klass_not_null(Register dst, Register src, Register
   assert_different_registers(dst, tmp);
   assert_different_registers(src, tmp);
 
-  if (CompressedKlassPointers::base() == nullptr) {
+  Register xbase = tmp;
+
+  if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
+    // We are generating code during AOT buildup that will run in *future* processes
+    // with likely different encoding settings. Therefore, we have to load the
+    // encoding base dynamically, we cannot just bake it in as immediate.
+    // Note that we only need to do this for base. The encoding shift would be the
+    // same between build time and runtime: the standard precomputed shift.
+    assert(CompressedKlassPointers::shift() == ArchiveBuilder::precomputed_narrow_klass_shift(),
+           "unexpected compressed klass shift!");
+    ld(xbase, ExternalAddress(CompressedKlassPointers::base_addr()));
+  } else if (CompressedKlassPointers::base() == nullptr) {
     if (CompressedKlassPointers::shift() != 0) {
       slli(dst, src, CompressedKlassPointers::shift());
     } else {
       mv(dst, src);
     }
     return;
+  } else {
+    mv(xbase, (uintptr_t)CompressedKlassPointers::base());
   }
 
-  Register xbase = tmp;
-
-  mv(xbase, (uintptr_t)CompressedKlassPointers::base());
-
   if (CompressedKlassPointers::shift() != 0) {
     // dst = (src << shift) + xbase
     shadd(dst, src, xbase, dst /* temporary, dst != xbase */, CompressedKlassPointers::shift());
@@ -3952,6 +3965,28 @@ void MacroAssembler::encode_klass_not_null(Register r, Register tmp) {
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::encode_klass_not_null(Register dst, Register src, Register tmp) {
+  Register xbase = dst;
+  if (dst == src) {
+    xbase = tmp;
+  }
+
+  if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
+    // We are generating code during AOT buildup that will run in *future* processes
+    // with likely different encoding settings. Therefore, we have to load the
+    // encoding base dynamically and must not take the base-value dependent zext
+    // short cut below. Note that we only need to do this for base; the encoding
+    // shift is the same at build and run time: the standard precomputed shift.
+    assert(CompressedKlassPointers::shift() == ArchiveBuilder::precomputed_narrow_klass_shift(),
+           "unexpected compressed klass shift!");
+    assert_different_registers(src, xbase);
+    ld(xbase, ExternalAddress(CompressedKlassPointers::base_addr()));
+    sub(dst, src, xbase);
+    if (CompressedKlassPointers::shift() != 0) {
+      srli(dst, dst, CompressedKlassPointers::shift());
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+
   if (CompressedKlassPointers::base() == nullptr) {
     if (CompressedKlassPointers::shift() != 0) {
       srli(dst, src, CompressedKlassPointers::shift());
@@ -3967,11 +4002,6 @@ void MacroAssembler::encode_klass_not_null(Register dst, Register src, Register
     return;
   }
 
-  Register xbase = dst;
-  if (dst == src) {
-    xbase = tmp;
-  }
-
   assert_different_registers(src, xbase);
   mv(xbase, (uintptr_t)CompressedKlassPointers::base());
   sub(dst, src, xbase);
@@ -5353,8 +5383,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::get_thread(Register thread) {
                       RegSet::range(x28, x31) + ra - thread;
   push_reg(saved_regs, sp);
 
-  mv(t1, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, Thread::current));
-  jalr(t1);
+  rt_call(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, Thread::current), t1, t0);
   if (thread != c_rarg0) {
     mv(thread, c_rarg0);
   }
@@ -5364,12 +5393,33 @@ void MacroAssembler::get_thread(Register thread) {
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::load_byte_map_base(Register reg) {
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+  if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
+    address byte_map_base_adr = AOTRuntimeConstants::card_table_base_address();
+    ld(reg, ExternalAddress(byte_map_base_adr));
+    return;
+  }
+#endif
   CardTableBarrierSet* ctbs = CardTableBarrierSet::barrier_set();
   // Strictly speaking the card table base isn't an address at all, and it might
   // even be negative. It is thus materialised as a constant.
   mv(reg, (uint64_t)ctbs->card_table_base_const());
 }
 
+void MacroAssembler::load_aotrc_address(Register reg, address a) {
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+  assert(AOTRuntimeConstants::contains(a), "address out of range for data area");
+  if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
+    // all aotrc field addresses should be registered in the AOTCodeCache address table
+    la(reg, ExternalAddress(a));
+  } else {
+    mv(reg, (intptr_t)a);
+  }
+#else
+  ShouldNotReachHere();
+#endif
+}
+
 void MacroAssembler::build_frame(int framesize) {
   assert(framesize >= 2, "framesize must include space for FP/RA");
   assert(framesize % (2*wordSize) == 0, "must preserve 2*wordSize alignment");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.hpp
index b7d493fe890..dffb85455f0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.hpp
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #define CPU_RISCV_MACROASSEMBLER_RISCV_HPP
 
 #include "asm/assembler.inline.hpp"
+#include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
 #include "code/vmreg.hpp"
 #include "metaprogramming/enableIf.hpp"
 #include "oops/compressedOops.hpp"
@@ -770,7 +771,7 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   // is used to keep the entry address for jalr/movptr.
   // Uses call() for intra code cache, else movptr + jalr.
   // Clobebrs t1
-  void rt_call(address dest, Register tmp = t1);
+  void rt_call(address dest, Register tmp1 = t1, Register tmp2 = noreg);
 
   // ret: jalr x0, 0(x1)
   inline void ret() {
@@ -1291,6 +1292,9 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
 
   void load_byte_map_base(Register reg);
 
+  // Load a constant address in the AOT Runtime Constants area
+  void load_aotrc_address(Register reg, address a);
+
   void bang_stack_with_offset(int offset) {
     // stack grows down, caller passes positive offset
     assert(offset > 0, "must bang with negative offset");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
index 3be8416d8b4..6f950886511 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
@@ -2421,10 +2421,7 @@ encode %{
       // Make the anchor frame walkable
       __ la(t0, retaddr);
       __ sd(t0, Address(xthread, JavaThread::last_Java_pc_offset()));
-      int32_t offset = 0;
-      // No relocation needed
-      __ movptr(t1, entry, offset, t0); // lui + lui + slli + add
-      __ jalr(t1, offset);
+      __ rt_call(entry, t1, t0);
       __ bind(retaddr);
       __ post_call_nop();
     }
@@ -2821,6 +2818,18 @@ operand immP_1()
   interface(CONST_INTER);
 %}
 
+// AOT Runtime Constants Address
+operand immAOTRuntimeConstantsAddress()
+%{
+  // Check if the address is in the range of AOT Runtime Constants
+  predicate(AOTRuntimeConstants::contains((address)(n->get_ptr())));
+  match(ConP);
+
+  op_cost(0);
+  format %{ %}
+  interface(CONST_INTER);
+%}
+
 // Int Immediate: low 16-bit mask
 operand immI_16bits()
 %{
@@ -4782,6 +4791,20 @@ instruct loadConP1(iRegPNoSp dst, immP_1 con)
   ins_pipe(ialu_imm);
 %}
 
+instruct loadAOTRCAddress(iRegPNoSp dst, immAOTRuntimeConstantsAddress con)
+%{
+  match(Set dst con);
+
+  ins_cost(ALU_COST);
+  format %{ "la  $dst, $con\t# aotrc, #@loadAOTRCAddress" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ load_aotrc_address($dst$$Register, (address)$con$$constant);
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(ialu_imm);
+%}
+
 // Load Narrow Pointer Constant
 instruct loadConN(iRegNNoSp dst, immN con)
 %{
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/runtime_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/runtime_riscv.cpp
index c52d5a31066..5a1fdbe773a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/runtime_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/runtime_riscv.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #ifdef COMPILER2
 #include "asm/macroAssembler.hpp"
 #include "asm/macroAssembler.inline.hpp"
+#include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
 #include "code/vmreg.hpp"
 #include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
 #include "opto/runtime.hpp"
@@ -58,10 +59,15 @@ class SimpleRuntimeFrame {
 
 //------------------------------generate_uncommon_trap_blob--------------------
 UncommonTrapBlob* OptoRuntime::generate_uncommon_trap_blob() {
+  const char* name = OptoRuntime::stub_name(StubId::c2_uncommon_trap_id);
+  CodeBlob* blob = AOTCodeCache::load_code_blob(AOTCodeEntry::C2Blob, BlobId::c2_uncommon_trap_id);
+  if (blob != nullptr) {
+    return blob->as_uncommon_trap_blob();
+  }
+
   // Allocate space for the code
   ResourceMark rm;
   // Setup code generation tools
-  const char* name = OptoRuntime::stub_name(StubId::c2_uncommon_trap_id);
   CodeBuffer buffer(name, 2048, 1024);
   if (buffer.blob() == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
@@ -243,8 +249,10 @@ UncommonTrapBlob* OptoRuntime::generate_uncommon_trap_blob() {
   // Make sure all code is generated
   masm->flush();
 
-  return UncommonTrapBlob::create(&buffer, oop_maps,
-                                                  SimpleRuntimeFrame::framesize >> 1);
+  UncommonTrapBlob* ut_blob = UncommonTrapBlob::create(&buffer, oop_maps,
+                                                       SimpleRuntimeFrame::framesize >> 1);
+  AOTCodeCache::store_code_blob(*ut_blob, AOTCodeEntry::C2Blob, BlobId::c2_uncommon_trap_id);
+  return ut_blob;
 }
 
 //------------------------------generate_exception_blob---------------------------
@@ -278,10 +286,15 @@ ExceptionBlob* OptoRuntime::generate_exception_blob() {
 
   assert(SimpleRuntimeFrame::framesize % 4 == 0, "sp not 16-byte aligned");
 
+  const char* name = OptoRuntime::stub_name(StubId::c2_exception_id);
+  CodeBlob* blob = AOTCodeCache::load_code_blob(AOTCodeEntry::C2Blob, BlobId::c2_exception_id);
+  if (blob != nullptr) {
+    return blob->as_exception_blob();
+  }
+
   // Allocate space for the code
   ResourceMark rm;
   // Setup code generation tools
-  const char* name = OptoRuntime::stub_name(StubId::c2_exception_id);
   CodeBuffer buffer(name, 2048, 1024);
   if (buffer.blob() == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
@@ -380,6 +393,8 @@ ExceptionBlob* OptoRuntime::generate_exception_blob() {
   masm->flush();
 
   // Set exception blob
-  return ExceptionBlob::create(&buffer, oop_maps, SimpleRuntimeFrame::framesize >> 1);
+  ExceptionBlob* ex_blob = ExceptionBlob::create(&buffer, oop_maps, SimpleRuntimeFrame::framesize >> 1);
+  AOTCodeCache::store_code_blob(*ex_blob, AOTCodeEntry::C2Blob, BlobId::c2_exception_id);
+  return ex_blob;
 }
 #endif // COMPILER2
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/sharedRuntime_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/sharedRuntime_riscv.cpp
index eee5184dfca..ec0a5f5d9b3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/sharedRuntime_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/sharedRuntime_riscv.cpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include "asm/macroAssembler.hpp"
 #include "asm/macroAssembler.inline.hpp"
 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
+#include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
 #include "code/compiledIC.hpp"
 #include "code/debugInfoRec.hpp"
 #include "code/vtableStubs.hpp"
@@ -2123,6 +2124,12 @@ void SharedRuntime::generate_deopt_blob() {
   // Setup code generation tools
   int pad = 0;
   const char* name = SharedRuntime::stub_name(StubId::shared_deopt_id);
+  CodeBlob* blob = AOTCodeCache::load_code_blob(AOTCodeEntry::SharedBlob, BlobId::shared_deopt_id);
+  if (blob != nullptr) {
+    _deopt_blob = blob->as_deoptimization_blob();
+    return;
+  }
+
   CodeBuffer buffer(name, 2048 + pad, 1024);
   MacroAssembler* masm = new MacroAssembler(&buffer);
   int frame_size_in_words = -1;
@@ -2427,6 +2434,8 @@ void SharedRuntime::generate_deopt_blob() {
   _deopt_blob = DeoptimizationBlob::create(&buffer, oop_maps, 0, exception_offset, reexecute_offset, frame_size_in_words);
   assert(_deopt_blob != nullptr, "create deoptimization blob fail!");
   _deopt_blob->set_unpack_with_exception_in_tls_offset(exception_in_tls_offset);
+
+  AOTCodeCache::store_code_blob(*_deopt_blob, AOTCodeEntry::SharedBlob, BlobId::shared_deopt_id);
 }
 
 // Number of stack slots between incoming argument block and the start of
@@ -2453,13 +2462,18 @@ VMReg SharedRuntime::thread_register() {
 SafepointBlob* SharedRuntime::generate_handler_blob(StubId id, address call_ptr) {
   assert(is_polling_page_id(id), "expected a polling page stub id");
 
+  const char* name = SharedRuntime::stub_name(id);
+  CodeBlob* blob = AOTCodeCache::load_code_blob(AOTCodeEntry::SharedBlob, StubInfo::blob(id));
+  if (blob != nullptr) {
+    return blob->as_safepoint_blob();
+  }
+
   ResourceMark rm;
   OopMapSet *oop_maps = new OopMapSet();
   assert_cond(oop_maps != nullptr);
   OopMap* map = nullptr;
 
   // Allocate space for the code.  Setup code generation tools.
-  const char* name = SharedRuntime::stub_name(id);
   CodeBuffer buffer(name, 2048, 1024);
   MacroAssembler* masm = new MacroAssembler(&buffer);
   assert_cond(masm != nullptr);
@@ -2564,7 +2578,10 @@ SafepointBlob* SharedRuntime::generate_handler_blob(StubId id, address call_ptr)
   masm->flush();
 
   // Fill-out other meta info
-  return SafepointBlob::create(&buffer, oop_maps, frame_size_in_words);
+  SafepointBlob* sp_blob = SafepointBlob::create(&buffer, oop_maps, frame_size_in_words);
+
+  AOTCodeCache::store_code_blob(*sp_blob, AOTCodeEntry::SharedBlob, StubInfo::blob(id));
+  return sp_blob;
 }
 
 //
@@ -2579,10 +2596,15 @@ RuntimeStub* SharedRuntime::generate_resolve_blob(StubId id, address destination
   assert(StubRoutines::forward_exception_entry() != nullptr, "must be generated before");
   assert(is_resolve_id(id), "expected a resolve stub id");
 
+  const char* name = SharedRuntime::stub_name(id);
+  CodeBlob* blob = AOTCodeCache::load_code_blob(AOTCodeEntry::SharedBlob, StubInfo::blob(id));
+  if (blob != nullptr) {
+    return blob->as_runtime_stub();
+  }
+
   // allocate space for the code
   ResourceMark rm;
 
-  const char* name = SharedRuntime::stub_name(id);
   CodeBuffer buffer(name, 1000, 512);
   MacroAssembler* masm = new MacroAssembler(&buffer);
   assert_cond(masm != nullptr);
@@ -2653,7 +2675,10 @@ RuntimeStub* SharedRuntime::generate_resolve_blob(StubId id, address destination
   masm->flush();
 
   // return the  blob
-  return RuntimeStub::new_runtime_stub(name, &buffer, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, oop_maps, true);
+  RuntimeStub* rs_blob = RuntimeStub::new_runtime_stub(name, &buffer, frame_complete, frame_size_in_words, oop_maps, true);
+
+  AOTCodeCache::store_code_blob(*rs_blob, AOTCodeEntry::SharedBlob, StubInfo::blob(id));
+  return rs_blob;
 }
 
 // Continuation point for throwing of implicit exceptions that are
@@ -2698,6 +2723,11 @@ RuntimeStub* SharedRuntime::generate_throw_exception(StubId id, address runtime_
   const char* timer_msg = "SharedRuntime generate_throw_exception";
   TraceTime timer(timer_msg, TRACETIME_LOG(Info, startuptime));
 
+  CodeBlob* blob = AOTCodeCache::load_code_blob(AOTCodeEntry::SharedBlob, StubInfo::blob(id));
+  if (blob != nullptr) {
+    return blob->as_runtime_stub();
+  }
+
   CodeBuffer code(name, insts_size, locs_size);
   OopMapSet* oop_maps  = new OopMapSet();
   MacroAssembler* masm = new MacroAssembler(&code);
@@ -2756,6 +2786,8 @@ RuntimeStub* SharedRuntime::generate_throw_exception(StubId id, address runtime_
                                   (framesize >> (LogBytesPerWord - LogBytesPerInt)),
                                   oop_maps, false);
   assert(stub != nullptr, "create runtime stub fail!");
+
+  AOTCodeCache::store_code_blob(*stub, AOTCodeEntry::SharedBlob, StubInfo::blob(id));
   return stub;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp
index 7f43a1dba69..260d31fc7cd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubGenerator_riscv.cpp
@@ -67,6 +67,109 @@
 
 #define BIND(label) bind(label); BLOCK_COMMENT(#label ":")
 
+alignas(64) static const char _encodeBlock_toBase64[64] = {
+  'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M',
+  'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z',
+  'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm',
+  'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z',
+  '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '+', '/'
+};
+
+alignas(64) static const char _encodeBlock_toBase64URL[64] = {
+  'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M',
+  'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z',
+  'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm',
+  'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z',
+  '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '-', '_'
+};
+
+static const uint8_t _decodeBlock_fromBase64[256] = {
+    255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+    255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+    255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,  62u, 255u, 255u, 255u,  63u,
+    52u,  53u,  54u,  55u,  56u,  57u,  58u,  59u,  60u,  61u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+    255u,   0u,   1u,   2u,   3u,   4u,   5u,   6u,   7u,   8u,   9u,  10u,  11u,  12u,  13u,  14u,
+    15u,  16u,  17u,  18u,  19u,  20u,  21u,  22u,  23u,  24u,  25u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+    255u,  26u,  27u,  28u,  29u,  30u,  31u,  32u,  33u,  34u,  35u,  36u,  37u,  38u,  39u,  40u,
+    41u,  42u,  43u,  44u,  45u,  46u,  47u,  48u,  49u,  50u,  51u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+    255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+    255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+    255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+    255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+    255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+    255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+    255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+    255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+};
+
+static const uint8_t _decodeBlock_fromBase64URL[256] = {
+    255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+    255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+    255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,  62u, 255u, 255u,
+    52u,  53u,  54u,  55u,  56u,  57u,  58u,  59u,  60u,  61u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+    255u,   0u,   1u,   2u,   3u,   4u,   5u,   6u,   7u,   8u,   9u,  10u,  11u,  12u,  13u,  14u,
+    15u,  16u,  17u,  18u,  19u,  20u,  21u,  22u,  23u,  24u,  25u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,  63u,
+    255u,  26u,  27u,  28u,  29u,  30u,  31u,  32u,  33u,  34u,  35u,  36u,  37u,  38u,  39u,  40u,
+    41u,  42u,  43u,  44u,  45u,  46u,  47u,  48u,  49u,  50u,  51u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+    255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+    255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+    255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+    255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+    255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+    255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+    255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+    255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
+};
+
+alignas(64) static const uint32_t _sha256_round_consts[64] = {
+  0x428a2f98, 0x71374491, 0xb5c0fbcf, 0xe9b5dba5,
+  0x3956c25b, 0x59f111f1, 0x923f82a4, 0xab1c5ed5,
+  0xd807aa98, 0x12835b01, 0x243185be, 0x550c7dc3,
+  0x72be5d74, 0x80deb1fe, 0x9bdc06a7, 0xc19bf174,
+  0xe49b69c1, 0xefbe4786, 0x0fc19dc6, 0x240ca1cc,
+  0x2de92c6f, 0x4a7484aa, 0x5cb0a9dc, 0x76f988da,
+  0x983e5152, 0xa831c66d, 0xb00327c8, 0xbf597fc7,
+  0xc6e00bf3, 0xd5a79147, 0x06ca6351, 0x14292967,
+  0x27b70a85, 0x2e1b2138, 0x4d2c6dfc, 0x53380d13,
+  0x650a7354, 0x766a0abb, 0x81c2c92e, 0x92722c85,
+  0xa2bfe8a1, 0xa81a664b, 0xc24b8b70, 0xc76c51a3,
+  0xd192e819, 0xd6990624, 0xf40e3585, 0x106aa070,
+  0x19a4c116, 0x1e376c08, 0x2748774c, 0x34b0bcb5,
+  0x391c0cb3, 0x4ed8aa4a, 0x5b9cca4f, 0x682e6ff3,
+  0x748f82ee, 0x78a5636f, 0x84c87814, 0x8cc70208,
+  0x90befffa, 0xa4506ceb, 0xbef9a3f7, 0xc67178f2,
+};
+
+alignas(64) static const uint64_t _sha512_round_consts[80] = {
+  0x428a2f98d728ae22l, 0x7137449123ef65cdl, 0xb5c0fbcfec4d3b2fl,
+  0xe9b5dba58189dbbcl, 0x3956c25bf348b538l, 0x59f111f1b605d019l,
+  0x923f82a4af194f9bl, 0xab1c5ed5da6d8118l, 0xd807aa98a3030242l,
+  0x12835b0145706fbel, 0x243185be4ee4b28cl, 0x550c7dc3d5ffb4e2l,
+  0x72be5d74f27b896fl, 0x80deb1fe3b1696b1l, 0x9bdc06a725c71235l,
+  0xc19bf174cf692694l, 0xe49b69c19ef14ad2l, 0xefbe4786384f25e3l,
+  0x0fc19dc68b8cd5b5l, 0x240ca1cc77ac9c65l, 0x2de92c6f592b0275l,
+  0x4a7484aa6ea6e483l, 0x5cb0a9dcbd41fbd4l, 0x76f988da831153b5l,
+  0x983e5152ee66dfabl, 0xa831c66d2db43210l, 0xb00327c898fb213fl,
+  0xbf597fc7beef0ee4l, 0xc6e00bf33da88fc2l, 0xd5a79147930aa725l,
+  0x06ca6351e003826fl, 0x142929670a0e6e70l, 0x27b70a8546d22ffcl,
+  0x2e1b21385c26c926l, 0x4d2c6dfc5ac42aedl, 0x53380d139d95b3dfl,
+  0x650a73548baf63del, 0x766a0abb3c77b2a8l, 0x81c2c92e47edaee6l,
+  0x92722c851482353bl, 0xa2bfe8a14cf10364l, 0xa81a664bbc423001l,
+  0xc24b8b70d0f89791l, 0xc76c51a30654be30l, 0xd192e819d6ef5218l,
+  0xd69906245565a910l, 0xf40e35855771202al, 0x106aa07032bbd1b8l,
+  0x19a4c116b8d2d0c8l, 0x1e376c085141ab53l, 0x2748774cdf8eeb99l,
+  0x34b0bcb5e19b48a8l, 0x391c0cb3c5c95a63l, 0x4ed8aa4ae3418acbl,
+  0x5b9cca4f7763e373l, 0x682e6ff3d6b2b8a3l, 0x748f82ee5defb2fcl,
+  0x78a5636f43172f60l, 0x84c87814a1f0ab72l, 0x8cc702081a6439ecl,
+  0x90befffa23631e28l, 0xa4506cebde82bde9l, 0xbef9a3f7b2c67915l,
+  0xc67178f2e372532bl, 0xca273eceea26619cl, 0xd186b8c721c0c207l,
+  0xeada7dd6cde0eb1el, 0xf57d4f7fee6ed178l, 0x06f067aa72176fbal,
+  0x0a637dc5a2c898a6l, 0x113f9804bef90dael, 0x1b710b35131c471bl,
+  0x28db77f523047d84l, 0x32caab7b40c72493l, 0x3c9ebe0a15c9bebcl,
+  0x431d67c49c100d4cl, 0x4cc5d4becb3e42b6l, 0x597f299cfc657e2al,
+  0x5fcb6fab3ad6faecl, 0x6c44198c4a475817l
+};
+
 // Stub Code definitions
 
 class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
@@ -208,8 +311,17 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
            "adjust this code");
 
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_call_stub_id;
+    GrowableArray<address> entries;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 2, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id, &entries);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      assert(entries.length() == 1, "expected 1 extra entry");
+      return_address = entries.at(0);
+      return start;
+    }
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
 
     const Address sp_after_call (fp, sp_after_call_off  * wordSize);
 
@@ -357,6 +469,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     // save current address for use by exception handling code
 
     return_address = __ pc();
+    entries.append(return_address);
 
     // store result depending on type (everything that is not
     // T_OBJECT, T_LONG, T_FLOAT or T_DOUBLE is treated as T_INT)
@@ -460,6 +573,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ fsd(j_farg0, Address(j_rarg2, 0), t0);
     __ j(exit);
 
+    // record the stub entry and end plus the auxiliary entry
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc(), &entries);
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -477,8 +593,14 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
   address generate_catch_exception() {
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_catch_exception_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
 
     // same as in generate_call_stub():
     const Address thread(fp, thread_off * wordSize);
@@ -501,7 +623,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ verify_oop(x10);
 
     __ sd(x10, Address(xthread, Thread::pending_exception_offset()));
-    __ mv(t0, (address)__FILE__);
+    // special case -- add file name string to AOT address table
+    address file = (address)AOTCodeCache::add_C_string(__FILE__);
+    __ la(t0, ExternalAddress(file));
     __ sd(t0, Address(xthread, Thread::exception_file_offset()));
     __ mv(t0, (int)__LINE__);
     __ sw(t0, Address(xthread, Thread::exception_line_offset()));
@@ -511,6 +635,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
            "_call_stub_return_address must have been generated before");
     __ j(RuntimeAddress(StubRoutines::_call_stub_return_address));
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -530,8 +657,14 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
   address generate_forward_exception() {
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_forward_exception_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
 
     // Upon entry, RA points to the return address returning into
     // Java (interpreted or compiled) code; i.e., the return address
@@ -598,6 +731,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ verify_oop(x10);
     __ jr(x9);
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -617,8 +753,14 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   address generate_verify_oop() {
 
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_verify_oop_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
 
     Label exit, error;
 
@@ -658,6 +800,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ rt_call(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, MacroAssembler::debug64));
     __ ebreak();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -673,14 +818,20 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   //      x29 < MacroAssembler::zero_words_block_size.
 
   address generate_zero_blocks() {
+    StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_zero_blocks_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
+    StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
     Label done;
 
     const Register base = x28, cnt = x29, tmp1 = x30, tmp2 = x31;
 
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
-    StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_zero_blocks_id;
-    StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
 
     if (UseBlockZeroing) {
       int zicboz_block_size = VM_Version::zicboz_block_size.value();
@@ -711,6 +862,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -733,6 +887,12 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   // s and d are adjusted to point to the remaining words to copy
   //
   address generate_copy_longs(StubId stub_id, Register s, Register d, Register count) {
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
     BasicType type;
     copy_direction direction;
     switch (stub_id) {
@@ -762,7 +922,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     Label again, drain;
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
     __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
 
     if (direction == copy_forwards) {
       __ sub(s, s, bias);
@@ -879,6 +1039,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -1196,18 +1359,43 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       break;
     }
 
+    // all stubs provide a 2nd entry which omits the frame push for
+    // use when bailing out from a conjoint copy. However we may also
+    // need some extra addressses for memory access protection.
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 2, "sanity check");
+    assert(nopush_entry != nullptr, "all disjoint copy stubs export a nopush entry");
+
+    bool add_extras = !is_oop && (!aligned || sizeof(jlong) == size);
+    int extra_count = ((add_extras ? 1 : 0) * UnsafeMemoryAccess::COLUMN_COUNT);
+    GrowableArray<address> entries;
+    GrowableArray<address> extras;
+    GrowableArray<address> *extras_ptr = (extra_count > 0 ? &extras : nullptr);
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id, &entries, extras_ptr);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      assert(entries.length() == entry_count - 1,
+             "unexpected entries count %d", entries.length());
+      *nopush_entry = entries.at(0);
+      assert(extras.length() == extra_count,
+             "unexpected extra count %d", extras.length());
+      if (add_extras) {
+        // register one handler at offset 0
+        register_unsafe_access_handlers(extras, 0, 1);
+      }
+      return start;
+    }
+
     const Register s = c_rarg0, d = c_rarg1, count = c_rarg2;
     RegSet saved_reg = RegSet::of(s, d, count);
     __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
     __ enter();
 
-    if (nopush_entry != nullptr) {
-     *nopush_entry = __ pc();
-      // caller can pass a 64-bit byte count here (from Unsafe.copyMemory)
-      BLOCK_COMMENT("Entry:");
-    }
+    *nopush_entry = __ pc();
+    entries.append(*nopush_entry);
+    // caller can pass a 64-bit byte count here (from Unsafe.copyMemory)
+    BLOCK_COMMENT("Entry:");
 
     DecoratorSet decorators = IN_HEAP | IS_ARRAY | ARRAYCOPY_DISJOINT;
     if (dest_uninitialized) {
@@ -1227,8 +1415,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
     {
       // UnsafeMemoryAccess page error: continue after unsafe access
-      bool add_entry = !is_oop && (!aligned || sizeof(jlong) == size);
-      UnsafeMemoryAccessMark umam(this, add_entry, true);
+      UnsafeMemoryAccessMark umam(this, add_extras, true);
       copy_memory(decorators, is_oop ? T_OBJECT : T_BYTE, aligned, s, d, count, size);
     }
 
@@ -1244,6 +1431,20 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ leave();
     __ mv(x10, zr); // return 0
     __ ret();
+
+    address end = __ pc();
+
+    if (add_extras) {
+      // retrieve the registered handler addresses
+      retrieve_unsafe_access_handlers(start, end, extras);
+      assert(extras.length() == extra_count,
+             "incorrect handlers count %d", extras.length());
+    }
+
+    // record the stub entry and end plus the no_push entry and any
+    // extra handler addresses
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, end, &entries, extras_ptr);
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -1272,8 +1473,6 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   //   used by some other conjoint copy method
   //
   address generate_conjoint_copy(StubId stub_id, address nooverlap_target, address *nopush_entry) {
-    const Register s = c_rarg0, d = c_rarg1, count = c_rarg2;
-    RegSet saved_regs = RegSet::of(s, d, count);
     int size;
     bool aligned;
     bool is_oop;
@@ -1354,12 +1553,45 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       ShouldNotReachHere();
     }
 
+    // only some conjoint stubs generate a 2nd entry
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    int expected_entry_count = (nopush_entry == nullptr ? 1 : 2);
+    assert(entry_count == expected_entry_count,
+           "expected entry count %d does not match declared entry count %d for stub %s",
+           expected_entry_count, entry_count, StubInfo::name(stub_id));
+
+    // We need to protect memory accesses in certain cases
+    bool add_extras = !is_oop && (!aligned || sizeof(jlong) == size);
+    int extra_count = ((add_extras ? 1 : 0) * UnsafeMemoryAccess::COLUMN_COUNT);
+    GrowableArray<address> entries;
+    GrowableArray<address> extras;
+    GrowableArray<address> *entries_ptr = (nopush_entry != nullptr ? &entries : nullptr);
+    GrowableArray<address> *extras_ptr = (extra_count > 0 ? &extras : nullptr);
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id, entries_ptr, extras_ptr);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      assert(entries.length() == expected_entry_count - 1,
+             "unexpected entries count %d", entries.length());
+      assert(extras.length() == extra_count,
+             "unexpected extra count %d", extras.length());
+      if (nopush_entry != nullptr) {
+        *nopush_entry = entries.at(0);
+      }
+      if (add_extras) {
+        // register one handler at offset 0
+        register_unsafe_access_handlers(extras, 0, 1);
+      }
+      return start;
+    }
+
+    const Register s = c_rarg0, d = c_rarg1, count = c_rarg2;
+    RegSet saved_regs = RegSet::of(s, d, count);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
     __ enter();
 
     if (nopush_entry != nullptr) {
       *nopush_entry = __ pc();
+      entries.append(*nopush_entry);
       // caller can pass a 64-bit byte count here (from Unsafe.copyMemory)
       BLOCK_COMMENT("Entry:");
     }
@@ -1390,8 +1622,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
     {
       // UnsafeMemoryAccess page error: continue after unsafe access
-      bool add_entry = !is_oop && (!aligned || sizeof(jlong) == size);
-      UnsafeMemoryAccessMark umam(this, add_entry, true);
+      UnsafeMemoryAccessMark umam(this, add_extras, true);
       copy_memory(decorators, is_oop ? T_OBJECT : T_BYTE, aligned, s, d, count, -size);
     }
 
@@ -1405,6 +1636,20 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ leave();
     __ mv(x10, zr); // return 0
     __ ret();
+
+    address end = __ pc();
+
+    if (add_extras) {
+      // retrieve the registered handler addresses
+      retrieve_unsafe_access_handlers(start, end, extras);
+      assert(extras.length() == extra_count,
+             "incorrect handlers count %d", extras.length());
+    }
+
+    // record the stub entry and end plus any no_push entry and/or
+    // extra handler addresses
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, end, entries_ptr, extras_ptr);
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -1457,6 +1702,27 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       ShouldNotReachHere();
     }
 
+    // The normal stub provides a 2nd entry which omits the frame push
+    // for use when bailing out from a disjoint copy.
+    // Only some conjoint stubs generate a 2nd entry
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    int expected_entry_count = (nopush_entry == nullptr ? 1 : 2);
+    GrowableArray<address> entries;
+    GrowableArray<address> *entries_ptr = (expected_entry_count == 1 ? nullptr : &entries);
+    assert(entry_count == expected_entry_count,
+           "expected entry count %d does not match declared entry count %d for stub %s",
+           expected_entry_count, entry_count, StubInfo::name(stub_id));
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id, entries_ptr);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      assert(entries.length() + 1 == expected_entry_count,
+             "expected entry count %d does not match return entry count %d for stub %s",
+             expected_entry_count, entries.length() + 1, StubInfo::name(stub_id));
+      if (nopush_entry != nullptr) {
+        *nopush_entry = entries.at(0);
+      }
+      return start;
+    }
+
     Label L_load_element, L_store_element, L_do_card_marks, L_done, L_done_pop;
 
     // Input registers (after setup_arg_regs)
@@ -1489,13 +1755,14 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
     __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
 
     __ enter(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
 
     // Caller of this entry point must set up the argument registers.
     if (nopush_entry != nullptr) {
       *nopush_entry = __ pc();
+      entries.append(*nopush_entry);
       BLOCK_COMMENT("Entry:");
     }
 
@@ -1598,6 +1865,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ leave();
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end plus any no_push entry
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc(), entries_ptr);
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -1633,10 +1903,23 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   }
 
   address generate_unsafecopy_common_error_exit() {
-    address start = __ pc();
+    StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_unsafecopy_common_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
+    StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
+    start = __ pc();
     __ mv(x10, 0);
     __ leave();
     __ ret();
+
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -1651,10 +1934,22 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   //    c_rarg2   - byte value
   //
   address generate_unsafe_setmemory() {
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_unsafe_setmemory_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    // we expect one set of extra unsafememory access handler entries
+    GrowableArray<address> extras;
+    int extra_count = 1 * UnsafeMemoryAccess::COLUMN_COUNT;
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id, nullptr, &extras);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      assert(extras.length() == extra_count,
+             "unexpected extra entry count %d", extras.length());
+      register_unsafe_access_handlers(extras, 0, 1);
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
 
     // bump this on entry, not on exit:
     // inc_counter_np(SharedRuntime::_unsafe_set_memory_ctr);
@@ -1668,6 +1963,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     const Register tmp_reg   = x29; // temp register
 
     // Mark remaining code as such which performs Unsafe accesses.
+    {
     UnsafeMemoryAccessMark umam(this, true, false);
 
     __ enter(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
@@ -1748,6 +2044,17 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ bind(L_exit);
     __ leave();
     __ ret();
+    // have to exit the block and destroy the UnsafeMemoryAccessMark
+    // in order to retrieve the handler end address
+    }
+
+    // install saved handler addresses in extras
+    address end = __ pc();
+    retrieve_unsafe_access_handlers(start, end, extras);
+    assert(extras.length() == extra_count,
+           "incorrect handlers count %d", extras.length());
+    // record the stub entry and end plus the extras
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, end, nullptr, &extras);
 
     return start;
   }
@@ -1771,13 +2078,19 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
                                address long_copy_entry) {
     assert_cond(byte_copy_entry != nullptr && short_copy_entry != nullptr &&
                 int_copy_entry != nullptr && long_copy_entry != nullptr);
+    StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_unsafe_arraycopy_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
     Label L_long_aligned, L_int_aligned, L_short_aligned;
     const Register s = c_rarg0, d = c_rarg1, count = c_rarg2;
 
     __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
-    StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_unsafe_arraycopy_id;
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
     __ enter(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
 
     // bump this on entry, not on exit:
@@ -1804,6 +2117,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ srli(count, count, LogBytesPerLong);   // size => long_count
     __ j(RuntimeAddress(long_copy_entry));
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -1827,6 +2143,13 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     assert_cond(byte_copy_entry != nullptr && short_copy_entry != nullptr &&
                 int_copy_entry != nullptr && oop_copy_entry != nullptr &&
                 long_copy_entry != nullptr && checkcast_copy_entry != nullptr);
+    StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_generic_arraycopy_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
     Label L_failed, L_failed_0, L_objArray;
     Label L_copy_bytes, L_copy_shorts, L_copy_ints, L_copy_longs;
 
@@ -1842,10 +2165,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
     __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
 
-    StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_generic_arraycopy_id;
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
 
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
 
     __ enter(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
 
@@ -2095,6 +2417,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ leave();   // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -2140,9 +2465,15 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       ShouldNotReachHere();
     };
 
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
     __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
 
     BLOCK_COMMENT("Entry:");
 
@@ -2296,6 +2627,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ leave();
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -2476,8 +2810,14 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   address generate_aescrypt_encryptBlock() {
     assert(UseAESIntrinsics, "need AES instructions (Zvkned extension) support");
 
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_aescrypt_encryptBlock_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
 
     Label L_aes128, L_aes192;
@@ -2493,7 +2833,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     };
     const VectorRegister res   = v19;
 
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
     __ enter();
 
     __ lwu(keylen, Address(key, arrayOopDesc::length_offset_in_bytes() - arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_INT)));
@@ -2532,6 +2872,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ leave();
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -2555,8 +2898,14 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   address generate_aescrypt_decryptBlock() {
     assert(UseAESIntrinsics, "need AES instructions (Zvkned extension) support");
 
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_aescrypt_decryptBlock_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
 
     Label L_aes128, L_aes192;
@@ -2572,7 +2921,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     };
     const VectorRegister res   = v19;
 
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
     __ enter(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
 
     __ lwu(keylen, Address(key, arrayOopDesc::length_offset_in_bytes() - arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_INT)));
@@ -2611,6 +2960,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ leave();
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -2664,8 +3016,14 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   //
   address generate_cipherBlockChaining_encryptAESCrypt() {
     assert(UseAESIntrinsics, "need AES instructions (Zvkned extension) support");
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_cipherBlockChaining_encryptAESCrypt_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
 
     const Register from       = c_rarg0;
@@ -2676,7 +3034,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
     const Register keylen     = x28;
 
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
     __ enter();
 
     Label L_aes128, L_aes192;
@@ -2698,6 +3056,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ bind(L_aes192);
     cipherBlockChaining_encryptAESCrypt(13, from, to, key, rvec, input_len);
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -2753,8 +3114,14 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   //
   address generate_cipherBlockChaining_decryptAESCrypt() {
     assert(UseAESIntrinsics, "need AES instructions (Zvkned extension) support");
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_cipherBlockChaining_decryptAESCrypt_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
 
     const Register from        = c_rarg0;
@@ -2765,7 +3132,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
     const Register keylen      = x28;
 
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
     __ enter();
 
     Label L_aes128, L_aes192, L_aes128_loop, L_aes192_loop, L_aes256_loop;
@@ -2787,6 +3154,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ bind(L_aes192);
     cipherBlockChaining_decryptAESCrypt(13, from, to, key, rvec, input_len);
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -2958,8 +3328,14 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   address generate_counterMode_AESCrypt() {
     assert(UseAESCTRIntrinsics, "need AES instructions (Zvkned extension) and Zbb extension support");
 
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_counterMode_AESCrypt_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
 
     const Register in                  = c_rarg0;
@@ -2972,7 +3348,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
     const Register keylen              = c_rarg7; // temporary register
 
-    const address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
     __ enter();
 
     Label L_exit;
@@ -3002,6 +3378,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ leave();
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -3048,11 +3427,17 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   address generate_ghash_processBlocks() {
     assert(UseGHASHIntrinsics, "need GHASH instructions (Zvkg extension) and Zvbb support");
 
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_ghash_processBlocks_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
 
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
     __ enter();
 
     Register state   = c_rarg0;
@@ -3069,6 +3454,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ leave();
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -3133,8 +3521,14 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     assert(UseGHASHIntrinsics, "need GHASH instructions (Zvkg extension) and Zvbb support");
     assert(UseAESCTRIntrinsics, "need AES instructions (Zvkned extension) and Zbb extension support");
 
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_galoisCounterMode_AESCrypt_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
 
     const Register in         = c_rarg0;
@@ -3158,7 +3552,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     VectorRegister vtmp2      = v17;
     VectorRegister vtmp3      = v18;
 
-    const address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
     __ enter();
 
     Label L_exit;
@@ -3193,6 +3587,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ leave();
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -3251,6 +3648,12 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     default:
       ShouldNotReachHere();
     };
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
     __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
     address entry = __ pc();
@@ -3335,17 +3738,27 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       __ sub(result, tmp1, tmp2);
     __ bind(DONE);
       __ ret();
+
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, entry, __ pc());
+
     return entry;
   }
 
   address generate_method_entry_barrier() {
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_method_entry_barrier_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
 
     Label deoptimize_label;
 
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
 
     BarrierSetAssembler* bs_asm = BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_assembler();
 
@@ -3399,6 +3812,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ mv(sp, t0);
     __ jr(t1);
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -3423,6 +3839,12 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     default:
       ShouldNotReachHere();
     };
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
     __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
     address entry = __ pc();
@@ -3519,6 +3941,10 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ bind(LENGTH_DIFF);
       __ pop_reg(spilled_regs, sp);
       __ ret();
+
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, entry, __ pc());
+
     return entry;
   }
 
@@ -3555,6 +3981,12 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       ShouldNotReachHere();
     };
 
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
     __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
     address entry = __ pc();
@@ -3778,6 +4210,10 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ bind(DONE);
     __ pop_reg(spilled_regs, sp);
     __ ret();
+
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, entry, __ pc());
+
     return entry;
   }
 
@@ -3791,6 +4227,20 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 #ifdef COMPILER2
   void generate_lookup_secondary_supers_table_stub() {
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_lookup_secondary_supers_table_id;
+    GrowableArray<address> entries;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == Klass::SECONDARY_SUPERS_TABLE_SIZE, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id, &entries);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      assert(entries.length() == Klass::SECONDARY_SUPERS_TABLE_SIZE - 1,
+             "unexpected extra entry count %d", entries.length());
+      StubRoutines::_lookup_secondary_supers_table_stubs[0] = start;
+      for (int slot = 1; slot < Klass::SECONDARY_SUPERS_TABLE_SIZE; slot++) {
+        StubRoutines::_lookup_secondary_supers_table_stubs[slot] = entries.at(slot - 1);
+      }
+      return;
+    }
+
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
 
     const Register
@@ -3803,7 +4253,13 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       r_bitmap       = x16;
 
     for (int slot = 0; slot < Klass::SECONDARY_SUPERS_TABLE_SIZE; slot++) {
-      StubRoutines::_lookup_secondary_supers_table_stubs[slot] = __ pc();
+      address next_entry = __ pc();
+      StubRoutines::_lookup_secondary_supers_table_stubs[slot] = next_entry;
+      if (slot == 0) {
+        start = next_entry;
+      } else {
+        entries.append(next_entry);
+      }
       Label L_success;
       __ enter();
       __ lookup_secondary_supers_table_const(r_sub_klass, r_super_klass, result,
@@ -3812,14 +4268,22 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       __ leave();
       __ ret();
     }
+    // record the stub entry and end plus all the auxiliary entries
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc(), &entries);
   }
 
   // Slow path implementation for UseSecondarySupersTable.
   address generate_lookup_secondary_supers_table_slow_path_stub() {
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_lookup_secondary_supers_table_slow_path_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
 
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
     const Register
       r_super_klass  = x10,        // argument
       r_array_base   = x11,        // argument
@@ -3832,13 +4296,22 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ lookup_secondary_supers_table_slow_path(r_super_klass, r_array_base, r_array_index, r_bitmap, result, temp1);
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
   address generate_mulAdd()
   {
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_mulAdd_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
 
     address entry = __ pc();
@@ -3856,6 +4329,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ leave();
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, entry, __ pc());
+
     return entry;
   }
 
@@ -3871,8 +4347,14 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
    */
   address generate_multiplyToLen()
   {
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_multiplyToLen_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
     address entry = __ pc();
 
@@ -3897,13 +4379,22 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, entry, __ pc());
+
     return entry;
   }
 
   address generate_squareToLen()
   {
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_squareToLen_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
     address entry = __ pc();
 
@@ -3930,6 +4421,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ leave();
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, entry, __ pc());
+
     return entry;
   }
 
@@ -3943,8 +4437,14 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   //   c_rarg4   - numIter
   //
   address generate_bigIntegerLeftShift() {
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_bigIntegerLeftShiftWorker_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
     address entry = __ pc();
 
@@ -3982,6 +4482,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ bind(exit);
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, entry, __ pc());
+
     return entry;
   }
 
@@ -3995,8 +4498,14 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   //   c_rarg4   - numIter
   //
   address generate_bigIntegerRightShift() {
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_bigIntegerRightShiftWorker_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
     address entry = __ pc();
 
@@ -4037,6 +4546,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ bind(exit);
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, entry, __ pc());
+
     return entry;
   }
 #endif
@@ -4824,9 +5336,19 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     if (!Continuations::enabled()) return nullptr;
 
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_cont_thaw_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
     generate_cont_thaw(Continuation::thaw_top);
+
+    // record the stub start and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -4835,11 +5357,20 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
     // TODO: will probably need multiple return barriers depending on return type
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_cont_returnBarrier_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
 
     generate_cont_thaw(Continuation::thaw_return_barrier);
 
+    // record the stub start and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -4847,19 +5378,34 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     if (!Continuations::enabled()) return nullptr;
 
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_cont_returnBarrierExc_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
 
     generate_cont_thaw(Continuation::thaw_return_barrier_exception);
 
+    // record the stub start and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
   address generate_cont_preempt_stub() {
     if (!Continuations::enabled()) return nullptr;
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_cont_preempt_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
 
     __ reset_last_Java_frame(true);
 
@@ -4883,6 +5429,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ ld(t1, Address(t1));
     __ jr(t1);
 
+    // record the stub start and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -5033,53 +5582,6 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     //   c_rarg3   - int     limit
     //
     address generate_sha2_implCompress(Assembler::SEW vset_sew, StubId stub_id) {
-      alignas(64) static const uint32_t round_consts_256[64] = {
-        0x428a2f98, 0x71374491, 0xb5c0fbcf, 0xe9b5dba5,
-        0x3956c25b, 0x59f111f1, 0x923f82a4, 0xab1c5ed5,
-        0xd807aa98, 0x12835b01, 0x243185be, 0x550c7dc3,
-        0x72be5d74, 0x80deb1fe, 0x9bdc06a7, 0xc19bf174,
-        0xe49b69c1, 0xefbe4786, 0x0fc19dc6, 0x240ca1cc,
-        0x2de92c6f, 0x4a7484aa, 0x5cb0a9dc, 0x76f988da,
-        0x983e5152, 0xa831c66d, 0xb00327c8, 0xbf597fc7,
-        0xc6e00bf3, 0xd5a79147, 0x06ca6351, 0x14292967,
-        0x27b70a85, 0x2e1b2138, 0x4d2c6dfc, 0x53380d13,
-        0x650a7354, 0x766a0abb, 0x81c2c92e, 0x92722c85,
-        0xa2bfe8a1, 0xa81a664b, 0xc24b8b70, 0xc76c51a3,
-        0xd192e819, 0xd6990624, 0xf40e3585, 0x106aa070,
-        0x19a4c116, 0x1e376c08, 0x2748774c, 0x34b0bcb5,
-        0x391c0cb3, 0x4ed8aa4a, 0x5b9cca4f, 0x682e6ff3,
-        0x748f82ee, 0x78a5636f, 0x84c87814, 0x8cc70208,
-        0x90befffa, 0xa4506ceb, 0xbef9a3f7, 0xc67178f2,
-      };
-      alignas(64) static const uint64_t round_consts_512[80] = {
-        0x428a2f98d728ae22l, 0x7137449123ef65cdl, 0xb5c0fbcfec4d3b2fl,
-        0xe9b5dba58189dbbcl, 0x3956c25bf348b538l, 0x59f111f1b605d019l,
-        0x923f82a4af194f9bl, 0xab1c5ed5da6d8118l, 0xd807aa98a3030242l,
-        0x12835b0145706fbel, 0x243185be4ee4b28cl, 0x550c7dc3d5ffb4e2l,
-        0x72be5d74f27b896fl, 0x80deb1fe3b1696b1l, 0x9bdc06a725c71235l,
-        0xc19bf174cf692694l, 0xe49b69c19ef14ad2l, 0xefbe4786384f25e3l,
-        0x0fc19dc68b8cd5b5l, 0x240ca1cc77ac9c65l, 0x2de92c6f592b0275l,
-        0x4a7484aa6ea6e483l, 0x5cb0a9dcbd41fbd4l, 0x76f988da831153b5l,
-        0x983e5152ee66dfabl, 0xa831c66d2db43210l, 0xb00327c898fb213fl,
-        0xbf597fc7beef0ee4l, 0xc6e00bf33da88fc2l, 0xd5a79147930aa725l,
-        0x06ca6351e003826fl, 0x142929670a0e6e70l, 0x27b70a8546d22ffcl,
-        0x2e1b21385c26c926l, 0x4d2c6dfc5ac42aedl, 0x53380d139d95b3dfl,
-        0x650a73548baf63del, 0x766a0abb3c77b2a8l, 0x81c2c92e47edaee6l,
-        0x92722c851482353bl, 0xa2bfe8a14cf10364l, 0xa81a664bbc423001l,
-        0xc24b8b70d0f89791l, 0xc76c51a30654be30l, 0xd192e819d6ef5218l,
-        0xd69906245565a910l, 0xf40e35855771202al, 0x106aa07032bbd1b8l,
-        0x19a4c116b8d2d0c8l, 0x1e376c085141ab53l, 0x2748774cdf8eeb99l,
-        0x34b0bcb5e19b48a8l, 0x391c0cb3c5c95a63l, 0x4ed8aa4ae3418acbl,
-        0x5b9cca4f7763e373l, 0x682e6ff3d6b2b8a3l, 0x748f82ee5defb2fcl,
-        0x78a5636f43172f60l, 0x84c87814a1f0ab72l, 0x8cc702081a6439ecl,
-        0x90befffa23631e28l, 0xa4506cebde82bde9l, 0xbef9a3f7b2c67915l,
-        0xc67178f2e372532bl, 0xca273eceea26619cl, 0xd186b8c721c0c207l,
-        0xeada7dd6cde0eb1el, 0xf57d4f7fee6ed178l, 0x06f067aa72176fbal,
-        0x0a637dc5a2c898a6l, 0x113f9804bef90dael, 0x1b710b35131c471bl,
-        0x28db77f523047d84l, 0x32caab7b40c72493l, 0x3c9ebe0a15c9bebcl,
-        0x431d67c49c100d4cl, 0x4cc5d4becb3e42b6l, 0x597f299cfc657e2al,
-        0x5fcb6fab3ad6faecl, 0x6c44198c4a475817l
-      };
       const int const_add = vset_sew == Assembler::e32 ? 16 : 32;
 
       bool multi_block;
@@ -5103,9 +5605,15 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       default:
         ShouldNotReachHere();
       };
+      int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+      assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+      address start = _cgen->load_archive_data(stub_id);
+      if (start != nullptr) {
+        return start;
+      }
       __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
       StubCodeMark mark(_cgen, stub_id);
-      address start = __ pc();
+      start = __ pc();
 
       Register buf   = c_rarg0;
       Register state = c_rarg1;
@@ -5129,7 +5637,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
 
       __ enter();
 
-      address constant_table = vset_sew == Assembler::e32 ? (address)round_consts_256 : (address)round_consts_512;
+      address constant_table = vset_sew == Assembler::e32 ? (address)_sha256_round_consts : (address)_sha512_round_consts;
       la(consts, ExternalAddress(constant_table));
 
       // Register use in this function:
@@ -5280,6 +5788,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       __ leave();
       __ ret();
 
+      // record the stub entry and end
+      _cgen->store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
       return start;
     }
   };
@@ -5452,7 +5963,6 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   //   x30     t5  buf6
   //   x31     t6  buf7
   address generate_md5_implCompress(StubId stub_id) {
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     bool multi_block;
     switch (stub_id) {
     case StubId::stubgen_md5_implCompress_id:
@@ -5464,8 +5974,15 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     default:
       ShouldNotReachHere();
     };
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
 
     // rotation constants
     const int S11 = 7;
@@ -5668,6 +6185,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ pop_reg(saved_regs, sp);
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return (address) start;
   }
 
@@ -5715,14 +6235,19 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
    *   N depends on single vector register length.
    */
   address generate_chacha20Block() {
-    Label L_Rounds;
-
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_chacha20Block_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
     __ enter();
 
+    Label L_Rounds;
     const int states_len = 16;
     const int step = 4;
     const Register state = c_rarg0;
@@ -5805,6 +6330,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ leave();
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return (address) start;
   }
 
@@ -6030,10 +6558,16 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
       default:
         ShouldNotReachHere();
       };
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
     __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
 
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
     __ enter();
 
     RegSet saved_regs = RegSet::range(x18, x27);
@@ -6156,6 +6690,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ leave();
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return (address) start;
   }
 
@@ -6224,26 +6761,16 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
    *  c_rarg5   - isURL, Base64 or URL character set
    */
   address generate_base64_encodeBlock() {
-    alignas(64) static const char toBase64[64] = {
-      'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M',
-      'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z',
-      'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm',
-      'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z',
-      '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '+', '/'
-    };
-
-    alignas(64) static const char toBase64URL[64] = {
-      'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M',
-      'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z',
-      'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm',
-      'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z',
-      '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '-', '_'
-    };
-
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_base64_encodeBlock_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
     __ enter();
 
     Register src    = c_rarg0;
@@ -6265,9 +6792,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ add(dst, dst, doff);
 
     // load the codec base address
-    __ la(codec, ExternalAddress((address) toBase64));
+    __ la(codec, ExternalAddress((address) _encodeBlock_toBase64));
     __ beqz(isURL, ProcessData);
-    __ la(codec, ExternalAddress((address) toBase64URL));
+    __ la(codec, ExternalAddress((address) _encodeBlock_toBase64URL));
     __ BIND(ProcessData);
 
     // vector version
@@ -6376,6 +6903,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ leave();
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return (address) start;
   }
 
@@ -6459,48 +6989,16 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
    */
   address generate_base64_decodeBlock() {
 
-    static const uint8_t fromBase64[256] = {
-        255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-        255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-        255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,  62u, 255u, 255u, 255u,  63u,
-        52u,  53u,  54u,  55u,  56u,  57u,  58u,  59u,  60u,  61u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-        255u,   0u,   1u,   2u,   3u,   4u,   5u,   6u,   7u,   8u,   9u,  10u,  11u,  12u,  13u,  14u,
-        15u,  16u,  17u,  18u,  19u,  20u,  21u,  22u,  23u,  24u,  25u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-        255u,  26u,  27u,  28u,  29u,  30u,  31u,  32u,  33u,  34u,  35u,  36u,  37u,  38u,  39u,  40u,
-        41u,  42u,  43u,  44u,  45u,  46u,  47u,  48u,  49u,  50u,  51u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-        255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-        255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-        255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-        255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-        255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-        255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-        255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-        255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-    };
-
-    static const uint8_t fromBase64URL[256] = {
-        255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-        255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-        255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,  62u, 255u, 255u,
-        52u,  53u,  54u,  55u,  56u,  57u,  58u,  59u,  60u,  61u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-        255u,   0u,   1u,   2u,   3u,   4u,   5u,   6u,   7u,   8u,   9u,  10u,  11u,  12u,  13u,  14u,
-        15u,  16u,  17u,  18u,  19u,  20u,  21u,  22u,  23u,  24u,  25u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,  63u,
-        255u,  26u,  27u,  28u,  29u,  30u,  31u,  32u,  33u,  34u,  35u,  36u,  37u,  38u,  39u,  40u,
-        41u,  42u,  43u,  44u,  45u,  46u,  47u,  48u,  49u,  50u,  51u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-        255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-        255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-        255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-        255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-        255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-        255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-        255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-        255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u, 255u,
-    };
-
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_base64_decodeBlock_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
     __ enter();
 
     Register src    = c_rarg0;
@@ -6530,9 +7028,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ mv(dstBackup, dst);
 
     // load the codec base address
-    __ la(codec, ExternalAddress((address) fromBase64));
+    __ la(codec, ExternalAddress((address) _decodeBlock_fromBase64));
     __ beqz(isURL, ProcessData);
-    __ la(codec, ExternalAddress((address) fromBase64URL));
+    __ la(codec, ExternalAddress((address) _decodeBlock_fromBase64URL));
     __ BIND(ProcessData);
 
     // vector version
@@ -6654,6 +7152,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ leave();
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return (address) start;
   }
 
@@ -6742,10 +7243,16 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
    *   c_rarg0   - int adler result
    */
   address generate_updateBytesAdler32() {
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_updateBytesAdler32_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
 
     Label L_nmax, L_nmax_loop, L_nmax_loop_entry, L_by16, L_by16_loop,
       L_by16_loop_unroll, L_by1_loop, L_do_mod, L_combine, L_by1;
@@ -6911,6 +7418,9 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ leave(); // Required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -6920,8 +7430,14 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   // f10 = result (float)
   // t1  = temporary register
   address generate_float16ToFloat() {
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_hf2f_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
     address entry = __ pc();
     BLOCK_COMMENT("float16ToFloat:");
@@ -6963,6 +7479,10 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ fmv_w_x(dst, t1);
 
     __ ret();
+
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, entry, __ pc());
+
     return entry;
   }
 
@@ -6971,8 +7491,14 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
   // f11 = temporary float register
   // t1  = temporary register
   address generate_floatToFloat16() {
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_f2hf_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
     address entry = __ pc();
     BLOCK_COMMENT("floatToFloat16:");
@@ -7001,6 +7527,10 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     __ float_to_float16_NaN(dst, src, t0, t1);
 
     __ ret();
+
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, entry, __ pc());
+
     return entry;
   }
 
@@ -7089,10 +7619,16 @@ static const int64_t right_3_bits = right_n_bits(3);
   // computation.
 
   address generate_poly1305_processBlocks() {
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_poly1305_processBlocks_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
     __ enter();
     Label here;
 
@@ -7208,6 +7744,9 @@ static const int64_t right_3_bits = right_n_bits(3);
     __ leave(); // Required for proper stackwalking
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -7215,9 +7754,16 @@ static const int64_t right_3_bits = right_n_bits(3);
     assert(UseRVV, "sanity");
     const int lmul = 2;
     const int stride = MaxVectorSize / sizeof(jint) * lmul;
+    StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_arrays_hashcode_powers_of_31_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
     __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
-    StubCodeMark mark(this, "StubRoutines", "arrays_hashcode_powers_of_31");
-    address start = __ pc();
+    StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
+    start = __ pc();
     for (int i = stride; i >= 0; i--) {
         jint power_of_31 = 1;
         for (int j = i; j > 0; j--) {
@@ -7226,6 +7772,9 @@ static const int64_t right_3_bits = right_n_bits(3);
         __ emit_int32(power_of_31);
     }
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -7245,11 +7794,17 @@ static const int64_t right_3_bits = right_n_bits(3);
   address generate_updateBytesCRC32() {
     assert(UseCRC32Intrinsics, "what are we doing here?");
 
-    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_updateBytesCRC32_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
+    __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
 
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
 
     // input parameters
     const Register crc    = c_rarg0;  // crc
@@ -7266,14 +7821,23 @@ static const int64_t right_3_bits = right_n_bits(3);
     __ leave(); // required for proper stackwalking of RuntimeStub frame
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub entry and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
   // exception handler for upcall stubs
   address generate_upcall_stub_exception_handler() {
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_upcall_stub_exception_handler_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
 
     // Native caller has no idea how to handle exceptions,
     // so we just crash here. Up to callee to catch exceptions.
@@ -7281,6 +7845,9 @@ static const int64_t right_3_bits = right_n_bits(3);
     __ rt_call(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, UpcallLinker::handle_uncaught_exception));
     __ should_not_reach_here();
 
+    // record the stub start and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -7290,8 +7857,14 @@ static const int64_t right_3_bits = right_n_bits(3);
   address generate_upcall_stub_load_target() {
 
     StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_upcall_stub_load_target_id;
+    int entry_count = StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id);
+    assert(entry_count == 1, "sanity check");
+    address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+    if (start != nullptr) {
+      return start;
+    }
     StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-    address start = __ pc();
+    start = __ pc();
 
     __ resolve_global_jobject(j_rarg0, t0, t1);
       // Load target method from receiver
@@ -7305,6 +7878,9 @@ static const int64_t right_3_bits = right_n_bits(3);
 
     __ ret();
 
+    // record the stub start and end
+    store_archive_data(stub_id, start, __ pc());
+
     return start;
   }
 
@@ -7397,16 +7973,30 @@ static const int64_t right_3_bits = right_n_bits(3);
 
     if (UseMontgomeryMultiplyIntrinsic) {
       StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_montgomeryMultiply_id;
-      StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-      MontgomeryMultiplyGenerator g(_masm, /*squaring*/false);
-      StubRoutines::_montgomeryMultiply = g.generate_multiply();
+      address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+      if (start == nullptr) {
+        // we have to generate it
+        StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
+        MontgomeryMultiplyGenerator g(_masm, /*squaring*/false);
+        start = g.generate_multiply();
+        // record the stub start and end
+        store_archive_data(stub_id, start, _masm->pc());
+      }
+      StubRoutines::_montgomeryMultiply = start;
     }
 
     if (UseMontgomerySquareIntrinsic) {
       StubId stub_id = StubId::stubgen_montgomerySquare_id;
-      StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
-      MontgomeryMultiplyGenerator g(_masm, /*squaring*/true);
-      StubRoutines::_montgomerySquare = g.generate_square();
+      address start = load_archive_data(stub_id);
+      if (start == nullptr) {
+        // we have to generate it
+        StubCodeMark mark(this, stub_id);
+        MontgomeryMultiplyGenerator g(_masm, /*squaring*/true);
+        start = g.generate_square();
+        // record the stub start and end
+        store_archive_data(stub_id, start, _masm->pc());
+      }
+      StubRoutines::_montgomerySquare = start;
     }
 
     if (UseAESIntrinsics) {
@@ -7506,8 +8096,27 @@ static const int64_t right_3_bits = right_n_bits(3);
       break;
     };
   }
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+  static void init_AOTAddressTable(GrowableArray<address>& external_addresses) {
+    // external data defined in this file
+#define ADD(addr) external_addresses.append((address)(addr));
+    ADD(_encodeBlock_toBase64);
+    ADD(_encodeBlock_toBase64URL);
+    ADD(_decodeBlock_fromBase64);
+    ADD(_decodeBlock_fromBase64URL);
+    ADD(_sha256_round_consts);
+    ADD(_sha512_round_consts);
+#undef ADD
+  }
+#endif // INCLUDE_CDS
 }; // end class declaration
 
 void StubGenerator_generate(CodeBuffer* code, BlobId blob_id, AOTStubData* stub_data) {
   StubGenerator g(code, blob_id, stub_data);
 }
+
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+void StubGenerator_init_AOTAddressTable(GrowableArray<address>& addresses) {
+  StubGenerator::init_AOTAddressTable(addresses);
+}
+#endif // INCLUDE_CDS
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubRoutines_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubRoutines_riscv.cpp
index b7f69eff9fa..bedb67fdda6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubRoutines_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/stubRoutines_riscv.cpp
@@ -507,7 +507,17 @@ ATTRIBUTE_ALIGNED(4096) juint StubRoutines::riscv::_crc_table[] =
 };
 
 #if INCLUDE_CDS
-// nothing to do for riscv
+extern void StubGenerator_init_AOTAddressTable(GrowableArray<address>& external_addresses);
+
 void StubRoutines::init_AOTAddressTable() {
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  GrowableArray<address> external_addresses;
+  // publish static addresses referred to by riscv generator
+  // n.b. we have to use an extern call here because class
+  // StubGenerator, which provides the static method that knows how to
+  // add the relevant addresses, is declared in a source file rather
+  // than in a separately includeable header.
+  StubGenerator_init_AOTAddressTable(external_addresses);
+  AOTCodeCache::publish_external_addresses(external_addresses);
 }
 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.cpp
index 22fd66a8da3..35fbf2c1c91 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.cpp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
 #include "utilities/formatBuffer.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
+#include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
 
 #include <ctype.h>
 
@@ -509,3 +510,62 @@ bool VM_Version::is_intrinsic_supported(vmIntrinsicID id) {
   }
   return true;
 }
+
+int VM_Version::cpu_features_size() {
+  return sizeof(RVExtFeatures);
+}
+
+void VM_Version::store_cpu_features(void* buf) {
+  memcpy(buf, RVExtFeatures::current(), sizeof(RVExtFeatures));
+}
+
+bool VM_Version::verify_aot_code_cache_features(void* features_buffer) {
+  RVExtFeatures* features_to_test = (RVExtFeatures*)features_buffer;
+  return RVExtFeatures::current()->verify_aot_code_cache_features(features_to_test);
+}
+
+// Print one feature using the same spelling as features_string(): single letter
+// extensions appear as "rvc"/"rvv" and multi-character extensions with a lower
+// case leading character ("Zba" -> "zba"). Must stay in sync with the feature
+// string built in VM_Version::setup_cpu_available_features().
+void VM_Version::print_feature_name(stringStream& ss, RVFeatureValue* feature) {
+  const char* pretty = feature->pretty();
+  if (strlen(pretty) == 1) {
+    ss.print("rv%s", pretty);
+  } else {
+    ss.print("%c%s", (char)tolower(pretty[0]), &pretty[1]);
+  }
+}
+
+void VM_Version::insert_features_names(RVExtFeatures* features, stringStream& ss) {
+  const char* sep = "";
+  int i = 0;
+  while (i < RVExtFeatures::MAX_CPU_FEATURE_INDEX) {
+    if (features->support_feature(i)) {
+      ss.print("%s", sep);
+      print_feature_name(ss, _feature_list[i]);
+      sep = ", ";
+    }
+    i += 1;
+  }
+}
+
+void VM_Version::get_cpu_features_name(void* features_buffer, stringStream& ss) {
+  RVExtFeatures* features = (RVExtFeatures*)features_buffer;
+  insert_features_names(features, ss);
+}
+
+void VM_Version::get_missing_features_name(void* features_set1, void* features_set2, stringStream& ss) {
+  RVExtFeatures* rv_ext_features_set1 = (RVExtFeatures*)features_set1;
+  RVExtFeatures* rv_ext_features_set2 = (RVExtFeatures*)features_set2;
+  const char* sep = "";
+  int i = 0;
+  while (i < RVExtFeatures::MAX_CPU_FEATURE_INDEX) {
+    if (rv_ext_features_set1->support_feature(i) && !rv_ext_features_set2->support_feature(i)) {
+      ss.print("%s", sep);
+      print_feature_name(ss, _feature_list[i]);
+      sep = ", ";
+    }
+    i += 1;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.hpp
index 8e61ff550ec..7a1ec2ba22c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/vm_version_riscv.hpp
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 #include "utilities/sizes.hpp"
 
 class RiscvHwprobe;
+class stringStream;
 
 class VM_Version : public Abstract_VM_Version {
   friend RiscvHwprobe;
@@ -396,6 +397,15 @@ class VM_Version : public Abstract_VM_Version {
       int idx = element_index(f);
       return (_features_bitmap[idx] & feature_bit(f)) != 0;
     }
+
+    bool verify_aot_code_cache_features(RVExtFeatures* features_to_test) const {
+      for (int i = 0; i < element_count(); i++) {
+        if (_features_bitmap[i] != features_to_test->_features_bitmap[i]) {
+          return false;
+        }
+      }
+      return true;
+    }
   };
 
   // enable extensions based on profile, current supported profiles:
@@ -523,6 +533,17 @@ class VM_Version : public Abstract_VM_Version {
 
   // Check intrinsic support
   static bool is_intrinsic_supported(vmIntrinsicID id);
+
+  // AOT Code Cache support
+  static int  cpu_features_size();
+  static void store_cpu_features(void* buf);
+  static bool verify_aot_code_cache_features(void* features_buffer);
+  static void get_cpu_features_name(void* features_buffer, stringStream& ss);
+  static void get_missing_features_name(void* features_set1, void* features_set2, stringStream& ss);
+
+ private:
+  static void print_feature_name(stringStream& ss, RVFeatureValue* feature);
+  static void insert_features_names(RVExtFeatures* features, stringStream& ss);
 };
 
 #endif // CPU_RISCV_VM_VERSION_RISCV_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/os_linux_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/os_linux_riscv.cpp
index d4a306d35b1..7634ac0fd37 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/os_linux_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/os_linux_riscv.cpp
@@ -77,6 +77,11 @@
 
 #define REG_LR       1
 #define REG_FP       8
+// First argument register (x10), used to pass the stop() message
+// to the signal handler.
+#ifndef REG_A0
+#define REG_A0       10
+#endif
 #define REG_BCP      22
 
 NOINLINE address os::current_stack_pointer() {
@@ -240,11 +245,8 @@ bool PosixSignals::pd_hotspot_signal_handler(int sig, siginfo_t* info,
           stub = SharedRuntime::handle_unsafe_access(thread, next_pc);
         }
       } else if (sig == SIGILL && nativeInstruction_at(pc)->is_stop()) {
-        // Pull a pointer to the error message out of the instruction
-        // stream.
-        const uint64_t *detail_msg_ptr
-          = (uint64_t*)(pc + NativeInstruction::instruction_size);
-        const char *detail_msg = (const char *)*detail_msg_ptr;
+        // A pointer to the message will have been placed in a0
+        const char *detail_msg = (const char *)(uc->uc_mcontext.__gregs[REG_A0]);
         const char *msg = "stop";
         if (TraceTraps) {
           tty->print_cr("trap: %s: (SIGILL)", msg);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp
index 662eab3311f..c29f5726236 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ uint AOTCodeCache::max_aot_code_size() {
 // At this point all AOT class linking seetings are finilized
 // and AOT cache is open so we can map AOT code region.
 void AOTCodeCache::initialize() {
-#if defined(ZERO) || !(defined(AMD64) || defined(AARCH64))
+#if defined(ZERO) || !(defined(AMD64) || defined(AARCH64) || defined(RISCV64))
   log_info(aot, codecache, init)("AOT Code Cache is not supported on this platform.");
   disable_caching();
   return;
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ void AOTCodeCache::initialize() {
     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ForceUnreachable, true);
   }
   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(DelayCompilerStubsGeneration, false);
-#endif // defined(AMD64) || defined(AARCH64)
+#endif // defined(AMD64) || defined(AARCH64) || defined(RISCV64)
 }
 
 static AOTCodeCache*  opened_cache = nullptr; // Use this until we verify the cache
@@ -471,7 +471,7 @@ void AOTCodeCache::Config::record(uint cpu_features_offset) {
   _useUnalignedLoadStores = UseUnalignedLoadStores;
 #endif
 
-#if defined(AARCH64)  && !defined(ZERO)
+#if (defined(AARCH64) || defined(RISCV64)) && !defined(ZERO)
   _avoidUnalignedAccesses = AvoidUnalignedAccesses;
 #endif
 
@@ -601,14 +601,14 @@ bool AOTCodeCache::Config::verify(AOTCodeCache* cache) const {
   }
 #endif // defined(X86) && !defined(ZERO)
 
-#if defined(AARCH64) && !defined(ZERO)
+#if (defined(AARCH64) || defined(RISCV64)) && !defined(ZERO)
   // switching on AvoidUnalignedAccesses may affect validity of array
   // copy stubs and nmethods
   if (!_avoidUnalignedAccesses && AvoidUnalignedAccesses) {
     log_config_mismatch(_avoidUnalignedAccesses, AvoidUnalignedAccesses, "AvoidUnalignedAccesses");
     return false;
   }
-#endif // defined(AARCH64) && !defined(ZERO)
+#endif // (defined(AARCH64) || defined(RISCV64)) && !defined(ZERO)
 
   return true;
 }
@@ -1941,6 +1941,8 @@ void AOTCodeAddressTable::init_extrs() {
   ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(SharedRuntime::allocate_inline_types);
 #if defined(AARCH64) && !defined(ZERO)
   ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(JavaThread::aarch64_get_thread_helper);
+#endif
+#if (defined(AARCH64) || defined(RISCV64)) && !defined(ZERO)
   ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(BarrierSetAssembler::patching_epoch_addr());
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp
index 640e73e6827..bd5a872e181 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.hpp
@@ -352,11 +352,26 @@ class AOTStubData : public StackObj {
 #define AOTCODECACHE_CONFIGS_X86_DO(do_var, do_fun)
 #endif
 
+#if defined(RISCV64) && !defined(ZERO)
+#define AOTCODECACHE_CONFIGS_RISCV_DO(do_var, do_fun) \
+  do_var(intx,  BlockZeroingLowLimit)                   /* zero blocks stub */ \
+  do_var(bool,  UseBlockZeroing)                        /* zero blocks stub and nmethods */ \
+  do_var(bool,  UseConservativeFence)                   /* fence encoding in stubs and nmethods */ \
+  do_var(bool,  UseCtxFencei)                           /* method entry barrier stub */ \
+  do_var(bool,  UseSecondarySupersCache)                /* secondary supers cache in nmethods */ \
+  do_var(bool,  UseZabha)                               /* narrow cmpxchg selection in nmethods */ \
+  do_fun(int,   RVZicbozBlockSize,                      (int)VM_Version::zicboz_block_size.value()) \
+  // END
+#else
+#define AOTCODECACHE_CONFIGS_RISCV_DO(do_var, do_fun)
+#endif
+
 #define AOTCODECACHE_CONFIGS_DO(do_var, do_fun) \
   AOTCODECACHE_CONFIGS_GENERIC_DO(do_var, do_fun) \
   AOTCODECACHE_CONFIGS_COMPILER2_DO(do_var, do_fun) \
   AOTCODECACHE_CONFIGS_AARCH64_DO(do_var, do_fun) \
   AOTCODECACHE_CONFIGS_X86_DO(do_var, do_fun) \
+  AOTCODECACHE_CONFIGS_RISCV_DO(do_var, do_fun) \
   // END
 
 #define AOTCODECACHE_DECLARE_VAR(type, name) type _saved_ ## name;
@@ -377,7 +392,7 @@ class AOTCodeCache : public CHeapObj<mtCode> {
     bool _useUnalignedLoadStores;
 #endif
 
-#if defined(AARCH64) && !defined(ZERO)
+#if (defined(AARCH64) || defined(RISCV64)) && !defined(ZERO)
     bool _avoidUnalignedAccesses;
 #endif
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeCPUFeatureIncompatibilityTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeCPUFeatureIncompatibilityTest.java
index eebace23fea..990a5e81e12 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeCPUFeatureIncompatibilityTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeCPUFeatureIncompatibilityTest.java
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
  * @summary CPU feature compatibility test for AOT Code Cache
  * @requires vm.cds.supports.aot.code.caching
  * @requires vm.compMode != "Xcomp" & vm.compMode != "Xint"
- * @requires os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64"
+ * @requires os.simpleArch == "x64" | os.simpleArch == "aarch64" | os.simpleArch == "riscv64"
  * @comment The test verifies AOT checks during VM startup and not code generation.
  *          No need to run it with -Xcomp.
  * @library /test/lib /test/setup_aot
@@ -74,6 +74,11 @@ public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
                 testIncompatibleFeature("-XX:-UseCRC32", "crc32", IncompatibilityMode.MISSING);
                 testIncompatibleFeature("-XX:-UseCRC32", "crc32", IncompatibilityMode.ADDITIONAL);
             }
+        } else if (Platform.isRISCV64()) {
+            if (isZbaSupported(cpuFeatures)) {
+                testIncompatibleFeature("-XX:-UseZba", "zba", IncompatibilityMode.MISSING);
+                testIncompatibleFeature("-XX:-UseZba", "zba", IncompatibilityMode.ADDITIONAL);
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -87,12 +92,14 @@ public String[] vmArgs(RunMode runMode) {
                     if (mode == IncompatibilityMode.MISSING) {
                         return new String[] {"-Xlog:aot+codecache*=debug"};
                     } else {
-                        return new String[] {vmOption, "-Xlog:aot+codecache*=debug"};
+                        // UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions must precede vmOption because
+                        // some tested CPU feature flags are diagnostic (e.g. UseZba on riscv).
+                        return new String[] {"-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", vmOption, "-Xlog:aot+codecache*=debug"};
                     }
                 } else if (runMode == RunMode.PRODUCTION) {
                     if (mode == IncompatibilityMode.MISSING) {
-                        return new String[] {vmOption,
-                                             "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                        return new String[] {"-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                                             vmOption,
                                              // Prevent exiting VM on failure
                                              "-XX:-AbortVMOnAOTCodeFailure",
                                              "-Xlog:aot+codecache*=debug"};
@@ -149,4 +156,9 @@ static boolean isAVXSupported(List<String> cpuFeatures) {
     static boolean isCRC32Supported(List<String> cpuFeatures) {
         return cpuFeatures.contains("crc32");
     }
+
+    // Only used on riscv64 platform
+    static boolean isZbaSupported(List<String> cpuFeatures) {
+        return cpuFeatures.contains("zba");
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/jtreg-ext/requires/VMProps.java b/test/jtreg-ext/requires/VMProps.java
index e4e0d5f3bfd..7c8cb9b4b55 100644
--- a/test/jtreg-ext/requires/VMProps.java
+++ b/test/jtreg-ext/requires/VMProps.java
@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ protected String vmCDSSupportsAOTClassLinking() {
     protected String vmCDSSupportsAOTCodeCaching() {
       if ("true".equals(vmCDSSupportsAOTClassLinking()) &&
           !"zero".equals(vmFlavor()) &&
-          (Platform.isX64() || Platform.isAArch64())) {
+          (Platform.isX64() || Platform.isAArch64() || Platform.isRISCV64())) {
         return "true";
       } else {
         return "false";

From 60140b6e2ba04674ed6eca9755bf3ab0a0d69ef7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Hagedorn <chagedorn@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 18 Aug 2026 15:59:46 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 604/707] 8381564: [IR Framework] Fix race between accept
 thread and Driver VM thread

Reviewed-by: mchevalier, thartmann
---
 .../ir_framework/driver/TestVMProcess.java    | 186 ++++++++++++------
 .../shared/TestFrameworkSocket.java           |  98 +++++----
 .../tests/TestNoMainExecution.java            |  85 ++++++++
 3 files changed, 280 insertions(+), 89 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestNoMainExecution.java

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/TestVMProcess.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/TestVMProcess.java
index bfffbdbec7e..baed9359459 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/TestVMProcess.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/driver/TestVMProcess.java
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@
 import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
 
 import java.io.File;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
 import java.util.*;
 import java.util.regex.Matcher;
 import java.util.regex.Pattern;
@@ -49,12 +51,15 @@
  * @see TestFrameworkSocket
  */
 public class TestVMProcess {
-    private static final boolean VERBOSE = Boolean.getBoolean("Verbose");
     private static final boolean PREFER_COMMAND_LINE_FLAGS = Boolean.getBoolean("PreferCommandLineFlags");
     private static final int WARMUP_ITERATIONS = Integer.getInteger("Warmup", -1);
     private static final boolean VERIFY_VM = Boolean.getBoolean("VerifyVM") && Platform.isDebugBuild();
-    private static final boolean REPORT_STDOUT = Boolean.getBoolean("ReportStdout");
+    private static final boolean VERBOSE = Boolean.getBoolean("Verbose");
     private static final boolean EXCLUDE_RANDOM = Boolean.getBoolean("ExcludeRandom");
+    private static final boolean REPORT_STDOUT = Boolean.getBoolean("ReportStdout");
+    private static final boolean DUMP_OUTPUT = VERBOSE || EXCLUDE_RANDOM || REPORT_STDOUT;
+
+    private static final String FATAL_ERROR_MARKER = "# A fatal error has been detected by the Java Runtime Environment:";
 
     private static String lastTestVMOutput = "";
 
@@ -72,11 +77,131 @@ public TestVMProcess(List<String> additionalFlags, Class<?> testClass, Set<Class
             prepareTestVMFlags(additionalFlags, socket, testClass, helperClasses, defaultWarmup,
                                allowNotCompilable, testClassesOnBootClassPath);
             start();
+            // Test VM has exited. Do not close the socket, yet, because the accept and/or reader threads could still
+            // be processing its connection. We wait for the socket result and only then close the socket by leaving
+            // this scope.
+            testVmData = processTestVmResult(socket, allowNotCompilable);
+        } // Socket closed here.
+    }
+
+    private TestVMData processTestVmResult(TestFrameworkSocket socket, boolean allowNotCompilable) {
+        if (oa.getExitValue() == 0) {
+            dumpTestVmOutputIfRequested();
+            return readAndDumpTestVmData(socket, allowNotCompilable);
+        }
+
+        if (isTestFormatViolation()) {
+            // When a test is malformed, we only show the violation. This kind of failure should be caught during the
+            // development phase of new tests.
+            dumpTestVmOutputIfRequested();
+            throw createTestFormatException();
+        }
+        if (noTestsRun()) {
+            // If no test was selected, we just show the exception message. This kind of failure only happens during
+            // debugging when specifying an empty test set with property flags.
+            dumpTestVmOutputIfRequested();
+            throw createNoTestsRunException();
+        }
+        throw createTestVMExceptionForNonZeroExit(socket, allowNotCompilable);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Dump the Test VM output if flags request it.
+     */
+    private void dumpTestVmOutputIfRequested() {
+        if (DUMP_OUTPUT) {
+            System.out.println("Test VM Output");
+            System.out.println("--------------");
+            System.out.println(oa.getOutput());
         }
-        checkTestVMExitCode();
+    }
+
+    private TestVMData readAndDumpTestVmData(TestFrameworkSocket socket, boolean allowNotCompilable) {
         String hotspotPidFileName = String.format("hotspot_pid%d.log", oa.pid());
-        testVmData = socket.testVmData(hotspotPidFileName, allowNotCompilable);
-        testVmData.printJavaMessages();
+        TestVMData testVMData = socket.testVmData(hotspotPidFileName, allowNotCompilable);
+        testVMData.printJavaMessages();
+        return testVMData;
+    }
+
+    private boolean isTestFormatViolation() {
+        return oa.getStderr().contains("TestFormat.throwIfAnyFailures");
+    }
+
+    private TestFormatException createTestFormatException() {
+        Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("Violations \\(\\d+\\)[\\s\\S]*(?=/============/)");
+        Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(oa.getStderr());
+        TestFramework.check(matcher.find(), "Must find violation matches");
+        return new TestFormatException(System.lineSeparator() + System.lineSeparator() + matcher.group());
+    }
+
+    private boolean noTestsRun() {
+        return oa.getStderr().contains("NoTestsRunException");
+    }
+
+    private NoTestsRunException createNoTestsRunException() {
+        return new NoTestsRunException(">>> No tests run due to empty set specified with -DTest and/or -DExclude. " +
+                                       "Make sure to define a set of at least one @Test method");
+    }
+
+    private TestVMException createTestVMExceptionForNonZeroExit(TestFrameworkSocket socket, boolean allowNotCompilable) {
+        String secondaryException = "";
+        try {
+            readAndDumpTestVmData(socket, allowNotCompilable);
+        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+            // We observed a message processing exception. We treat it as secondary failure because messages could be
+            // incomplete when the VM crashed or not even sent by the Test VM when it exits early on start-up
+            // (e.g. passing in an unknown VM flag).
+            secondaryException = buildSecondaryExceptionInfo(e);
+        }
+        // Primary exception: non-zero Test VM exit.
+        return new TestVMException(buildExceptionInfo() + secondaryException);
+    }
+
+    private String buildSecondaryExceptionInfo(RuntimeException e) {
+        String secondaryException;
+        StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();
+        e.printStackTrace(new PrintWriter(stringWriter));
+
+        secondaryException = System.lineSeparator() +
+                             "Secondary Message-Processing Exception" + System.lineSeparator() +
+                             "--------------------------------------" + System.lineSeparator() +
+                             stringWriter;
+        return secondaryException;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get more detailed information about the exception in a pretty format.
+     */
+    private String buildExceptionInfo() {
+        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
+        builder.append("Test VM exited with code ").append(oa.getExitValue()).append(System.lineSeparator());
+        if (hasFatalErrorMarker() || DUMP_OUTPUT) {
+            // Also dump the Test VM output if we experience a JVM error to show assertion failures etc.
+            builder.append(System.lineSeparator())
+                   .append(System.lineSeparator())
+                   .append("Test VM - Standard Output").append(System.lineSeparator())
+                   .append("-------------------------").append(System.lineSeparator())
+                   .append(oa.getStdout());
+        }
+        builder.append(System.lineSeparator())
+               .append(commandLine)
+               .append(System.lineSeparator())
+               .append(System.lineSeparator())
+               .append("Test VM - Error Output").append(System.lineSeparator())
+               .append("----------------------").append(System.lineSeparator())
+               .append(oa.getStderr())
+               .append(System.lineSeparator())
+               .append(System.lineSeparator());
+        return builder.toString();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Best-effort VM crash detection by matching the start of the fatal error message. This covers most of the crashes
+     * but fails when the Test VM was killed externally or when the output is unavailable or truncated which could
+     * happen in native stack overflow cases.
+     */
+    private boolean hasFatalErrorMarker() {
+        return oa.getExitValue() != 0 && oa.getOutput().contains(FATAL_ERROR_MARKER);
     }
 
     public String getCommandLine() {
@@ -173,55 +298,4 @@ private void start() {
                       + System.lineSeparator();
         lastTestVMOutput = oa.getOutput();
     }
-
-    private void checkTestVMExitCode() {
-        final int exitCode = oa.getExitValue();
-        if (EXCLUDE_RANDOM || REPORT_STDOUT || (VERBOSE && exitCode == 0)) {
-            System.out.println("--- OUTPUT TestFramework Test VM ---");
-            System.out.println(oa.getOutput());
-        }
-
-        if (exitCode != 0) {
-            throwTestVMException();
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Exit code was non-zero of Test VM. Check the stderr to determine what kind of exception that should be thrown to
-     * react accordingly later.
-     */
-    private void throwTestVMException() {
-        String stdErr = oa.getStderr();
-        if (stdErr.contains("TestFormat.throwIfAnyFailures")) {
-            Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("Violations \\(\\d+\\)[\\s\\S]*(?=/============/)");
-            Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(stdErr);
-            TestFramework.check(matcher.find(), "Must find violation matches");
-            throw new TestFormatException(System.lineSeparator() + System.lineSeparator() + matcher.group());
-        } else if (stdErr.contains("NoTestsRunException")) {
-            throw new NoTestsRunException(">>> No tests run due to empty set specified with -DTest and/or -DExclude. " +
-                                          "Make sure to define a set of at least one @Test method");
-        } else {
-            throw new TestVMException(getExceptionInfo());
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Get more detailed information about the exception in a pretty format.
-     */
-    private String getExceptionInfo() {
-        int exitCode = oa.getExitValue();
-        String stdErr = oa.getStderr();
-        String stdOut = "";
-        boolean osIsWindows = Platform.isWindows();
-        boolean JVMHadError = (!osIsWindows && exitCode == 134) || (osIsWindows && exitCode == -1);
-        if (JVMHadError) {
-            // Also dump the stdout if we experience a JVM error (e.g. to show hit assertions etc.).
-            stdOut = System.lineSeparator() + System.lineSeparator() + "Standard Output" + System.lineSeparator()
-                     + "---------------" + System.lineSeparator() + oa.getOutput();
-        }
-        return "TestFramework Test VM exited with code " + exitCode + System.lineSeparator() + stdOut
-               + System.lineSeparator() + commandLine + System.lineSeparator() + System.lineSeparator()
-               + "Error Output" + System.lineSeparator() + "------------" + System.lineSeparator() + stdErr
-               + System.lineSeparator() + System.lineSeparator();
-    }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/shared/TestFrameworkSocket.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/shared/TestFrameworkSocket.java
index 05359d0d789..bb7765c5bc4 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/shared/TestFrameworkSocket.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/shared/TestFrameworkSocket.java
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.driver.network.testvm.java.JavaMessages;
 import compiler.lib.ir_framework.test.network.TestVmSocket;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+
 import java.io.BufferedReader;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStreamReader;
@@ -41,16 +43,36 @@
  */
 public class TestFrameworkSocket implements AutoCloseable {
     private static final String SERVER_PORT_PROPERTY = "ir.framework.server.port";
+    private static final int SOCKET_TIMEOUT_IN_MS = (int)Utils.adjustTimeout(10_000L);
 
     private final int serverSocketPort;
     private final ServerSocket serverSocket;
     private final ExecutorService acceptExecutor;
     private final ExecutorService clientExecutor;
 
-    // Make these volatile such that the main thread can observe an update written by the worker threads in the executor
-    // services to avoid stale values.
+    /*
+     * CompletableFuture shared by the Driver VM and the accept/reader threads.
+     *
+     * Lifecycle:
+     * 1. The future is created before the accept loop task is submitted.
+     * 2. The Driver VM starts the Test VM. The socket and the executors remain open while the Driver VM waits on the
+     *    future to be completed.
+     * 3. The accept thread accepts the Test VM connection and reads the identity handshake.
+     * 4. The accept thread now schedules a reader for incoming Test VM messages.
+     * 5. During normal execution, the Test VM closes the connection before exiting. The reader completes the future
+     *    with the parsed Test VM messages.
+     * 6. Accepting, identity handshake, task submission, or message reading failures complete the future exceptionally.
+     * 7. The Driver VM obtains the result, observes a failure, or times out before the socket and executors are closed.
+     *
+     * Note: The future must be created eagerly such that the Driver VM can wait on it even before the accept thread
+     *       has accepted the Test VM connection. The accept thread might only be scheduled after the Test VM has exited.
+     *       This is possible because the server socket is already listening and the OS can queue the connection until
+     *       the accept thread processes it.
+     */
+    private final CompletableFuture<JavaMessages> javaMessagesFuture;
+
+    // Written by the Driver VM thread and read by the accept thread.
     private volatile boolean running;
-    private volatile Future<JavaMessages> javaFuture;
 
     public TestFrameworkSocket() {
         try {
@@ -62,6 +84,7 @@ public TestFrameworkSocket() {
         serverSocketPort = serverSocket.getLocalPort();
         acceptExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
         clientExecutor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
+        javaMessagesFuture = new CompletableFuture<>();
         if (TestFramework.VERBOSE) {
             System.out.println("TestFramework server socket uses port " + serverSocketPort);
         }
@@ -73,50 +96,40 @@ public String getPortPropertyFlag() {
 
     public void start() {
         running = true;
-        CountDownLatch calledAcceptLoopLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
-        startAcceptLoop(calledAcceptLoopLatch);
-    }
-
-    private void startAcceptLoop(CountDownLatch calledAcceptLoopLatch) {
-        acceptExecutor.submit(() -> acceptLoop(calledAcceptLoopLatch));
-        waitUntilAcceptLoopRuns(calledAcceptLoopLatch);
-    }
-
-    private void waitUntilAcceptLoopRuns(CountDownLatch calledAcceptLoopLatch) {
-        try {
-            if (!calledAcceptLoopLatch.await(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
-                throw new IllegalStateException("acceptLoop did not start in time");
-            }
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            throw new TestFrameworkException("Could not start TestFrameworkSocket", e);
-        }
+        acceptExecutor.submit(this::acceptLoop);
     }
 
     /**
      * Main loop to wait for new client connections and handling them upon connection request.
      */
-    private void acceptLoop(CountDownLatch calledAcceptLoopLatch) {
-        calledAcceptLoopLatch.countDown();
+    private void acceptLoop() {
         while (running) {
             try {
                 acceptNewClientConnection();
-            }  catch (SocketException e) {
+            } catch (SocketException e) {
                 if (!running || serverSocket.isClosed()) {
                     // Normal shutdown
                     return;
                 }
-                running = false;
-                throw new TestFrameworkException("Server socket error", e);
+                throwServerSocketError(e);
             } catch (TestFrameworkException e) {
-                running = false;
-                throw e;
+                throwTestFrameworkException(e);
             } catch (Exception e) {
-                running = false;
-                throw new TestFrameworkException("Server socket error", e);
+                throwServerSocketError(e);
             }
         }
     }
 
+    private void throwServerSocketError(Exception e) {
+        throwTestFrameworkException(new TestFrameworkException("Server socket error", e));
+    }
+
+    private void throwTestFrameworkException(TestFrameworkException testFrameworkException) {
+        running = false;
+        javaMessagesFuture.completeExceptionally(testFrameworkException);
+        throw testFrameworkException;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Accept new client connection by first reading the identity of the connection (either coming from Java or C2)
      * and then submitting a task accordingly to manage incoming messages on that connection/socket.
@@ -137,11 +150,11 @@ private void acceptNewClientConnection() throws IOException {
     private String readIdentity(Socket client, BufferedReader reader) throws IOException {
         String identity;
         try {
-            client.setSoTimeout(10000);
+            client.setSoTimeout(SOCKET_TIMEOUT_IN_MS);
             identity = reader.readLine();
             TestFramework.check(identity != null, "end of stream has been reached without reading the identity");
         } catch (SocketTimeoutException e) {
-            throw new TestFrameworkException("Did not receive initial identity message after 10s", e);
+            throw new TestFrameworkException("Timed out while waiting for initial identity message", e);
         } finally {
             client.setSoTimeout(0);
         }
@@ -154,7 +167,9 @@ private String readIdentity(Socket client, BufferedReader reader) throws IOExcep
      */
     private void submitTask(String identity, Socket client, BufferedReader reader) {
         if (identity.equals(TestVmSocket.IDENTITY)) {
-            javaFuture = clientExecutor.submit(new TestVmMessageReader<>(client, reader, new JavaMessageParser()));
+            TestVmMessageReader<JavaMessages> messageReader =
+                    new TestVmMessageReader<>(client, reader, new JavaMessageParser());
+            javaMessagesFuture.completeAsync(messageReader::call, clientExecutor);
         } else {
             throw new TestFrameworkException("Unrecognized identity: " + identity);
         }
@@ -179,9 +194,26 @@ public TestVMData testVmData(String hotspotPidFileName, boolean allowNotCompilab
 
     private JavaMessages testVmMessages() {
         try {
-            return javaFuture.get();
+            // Note: The Test VM may have already exited while the accept and message reader thread are still processing
+            //       the connection. Let's wait until they are finished.
+            return javaMessagesFuture.get(SOCKET_TIMEOUT_IN_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
         } catch (ExecutionException e) {
             throw new TestFrameworkException("No test VM messages were received", e);
+        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Timed out while waiting for Test VM messages." + System.lineSeparator() +
+                                        System.lineSeparator() +
+                                        "Did any of the following happen?" + System.lineSeparator() +
+                                        "(1) TestFramework.addFlags(-DReproduce=true)" + System.lineSeparator() +
+                                        "(2) TestFramework.addFlags(--version) or any other VM flag that prevents " +
+                                        " TestVM.main() from being called?" + System.lineSeparator() +
+                                        "(3) The Test VM crashed before calling TestVM.main()" + System.lineSeparator() +
+                                        System.lineSeparator() +
+                                        "(1) and (2) are unsupported and are expected to fail." + System.lineSeparator() +
+                                        "-> Please change your test!" + System.lineSeparator() +
+                                        "(3) The IR Framework cannot handle early VM crashes." + System.lineSeparator() +
+                                        "-> Please change your test if such a crash was anticipated!" +
+                                        System.lineSeparator() + System.lineSeparator() +
+                                        "In all other cases, please file an IR Framework bug!", e);
         } catch (Exception e) {
             throw new TestFrameworkException("Error while fetching Test VM Future", e);
         }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestNoMainExecution.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestNoMainExecution.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8e9410cdb8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/testlibrary_tests/ir_framework/tests/TestNoMainExecution.java
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8381564
+ * @requires vm.debug == true & vm.compMode != "Xint" & vm.compiler2.enabled & vm.flagless
+ * @summary Test that different ways to avoid executing main() are reported as correctly as failure.
+ * @library /test/lib /testlibrary_tests /
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package testlibrary_tests.ir_framework.tests;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.PrintStream;
+
+public class TestNoMainExecution {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // We do not handshake because this flag disables socket communication
+        run("-DReproduce=true");
+
+        // We do not reach main() because there is no source file involved.
+        run("--version");
+
+        // We do not reach main() because we crash already at start-up.
+        runWithVmCrash();
+    }
+
+    private static void run(String... flags) {
+        try {
+            TestFramework.runWithFlags(flags);
+            Asserts.fail("should throw");
+        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+            String errorMessage = e.getMessage();
+            // We expect a useful help message - match its header.
+            Asserts.assertTrue(errorMessage.contains("Did any of the following happen?"), errorMessage);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void runWithVmCrash() {
+        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        PrintStream oldErr = System.err;
+
+        try (PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(baos)) {
+            System.setErr(ps);
+
+            try {
+                TestFramework.runWithFlags("-Xcomp", "-XX:+CICountNative", "-XX:CICrashAt=1");
+                Asserts.fail("should throw");
+            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+                // With a VM crash, the message is found on the normal stderr instead.
+                System.setErr(oldErr);
+                String output = baos.toString();
+                Asserts.assertTrue(output.contains("Did any of the following happen?"));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test() {}
+}

From 29c7198bbbc6d3da01bd1a1b8b7d51d6fb1cd2ec Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 18 Aug 2026 16:14:13 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 605/707] 8390307: Shenandoah: Print region age in region
 printouts

Reviewed-by: wkemper, ruili
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp       | 6 ++----
 src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.cpp | 1 +
 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp
index 026ba8681e6..de660badd9a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.cpp
@@ -1465,10 +1465,8 @@ void ShenandoahHeap::print_heap_regions_on(outputStream* st) const {
   st->print_cr("Heap Regions:");
   st->print_cr("Region state: EU=empty-uncommitted, EC=empty-committed, R=regular, H=humongous start, HP=pinned humongous start");
   st->print_cr("              HC=humongous continuation, CS=collection set, TR=trash, P=pinned, CSP=pinned collection set");
-  st->print_cr("BTE=bottom/top/end, TAMS=top-at-mark-start");
-  st->print_cr("UWM=update watermark, U=used");
-  st->print_cr("T=TLAB allocs, G=GCLAB allocs");
-  st->print_cr("S=shared allocs, L=live data");
+  st->print_cr("A=age, BTE=bottom/top/end, TAMS=top-at-mark-start, UWM=update watermark, U=used");
+  st->print_cr("T=TLAB allocs, G=GCLAB allocs, S=shared allocs, L=live data");
   st->print_cr("CP=critical pins");
 
   for (size_t i = 0; i < num_regions(); i++) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.cpp
index a37fd34238e..84582ce07c3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.cpp
@@ -424,6 +424,7 @@ void ShenandoahHeapRegion::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
   }
 
   st->print("|%s", shenandoah_affiliation_code(affiliation()));
+  st->print("|A %2d", age());
 
 #define SHR_PTR_FORMAT "%12" PRIxPTR
 

From 57649b487e560a0721ff04d80b365f5b1f80866c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Cesar Soares Lucas <cslucas@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 18 Aug 2026 16:14:57 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 606/707] 8389873: C2 crashes in
 ConnectionGraph::can_reduce_phi during escape analysis

Reviewed-by: thartmann, qamai
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp             |  4 +-
 ...stMergeStoresAndAllocationElimination.java | 10 +-
 .../TestReduceAllocationAndHeapDump.java      |  8 +-
 .../TestReduceAllocationAndMemoryLoop.java    |  4 +-
 ...stReduceAllocationAndNonExactAllocate.java |  4 +-
 .../TestReduceAllocationAndNullableLoads.java |  4 +-
 ...ReduceAllocationAndPointerComparisons.java |  6 +-
 .../TestReduceAllocationOptimizedOutPhi.java  | 92 +++++++++++++++++++
 ...TestReducePhiOnCmpWithNoOptPtrCompare.java |  6 +-
 .../TestScalarReplacementMaxLiveNodes.java    |  8 +-
 10 files changed, 119 insertions(+), 27 deletions(-)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/{c2 => escapeAnalysis}/TestMergeStoresAndAllocationElimination.java (92%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/{c2 => escapeAnalysis}/TestReduceAllocationAndHeapDump.java (91%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/{c2 => escapeAnalysis}/TestReduceAllocationAndMemoryLoop.java (95%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/{c2 => escapeAnalysis}/TestReduceAllocationAndNonExactAllocate.java (95%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/{c2 => escapeAnalysis}/TestReduceAllocationAndNullableLoads.java (95%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/{c2 => escapeAnalysis}/TestReduceAllocationAndPointerComparisons.java (91%)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReduceAllocationOptimizedOutPhi.java
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/{c2 => escapeAnalysis}/TestReducePhiOnCmpWithNoOptPtrCompare.java (96%)
 rename test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/{c2 => escapeAnalysis}/TestScalarReplacementMaxLiveNodes.java (95%)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp
index cb66ba0bdb6..957b79caf1f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp
@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ bool ConnectionGraph::compute_escape() {
   if (VerifyReduceAllocationMerges) {
     for (uint i = 0; i < reducible_merges.size(); i++ ) {
       Node* n = reducible_merges.at(i);
-      if (!can_reduce_phi(n->as_Phi())) {
+      if (n->outcnt() > 0 && !can_reduce_phi(n->as_Phi())) {
         TraceReduceAllocationMerges = true;
         n->dump(2);
         n->dump(-2);
@@ -666,7 +666,7 @@ bool ConnectionGraph::can_reduce_phi(PhiNode* ophi) const {
   // If there was an error attempting to reduce allocation merges for this
   // method we might have disabled the compilation and be retrying with RAM
   // disabled.
-  if (!_compile->do_reduce_allocation_merges() || ophi->region()->Opcode() != Op_Region) {
+  if (!_compile->do_reduce_allocation_merges() || ophi->region() == nullptr || ophi->region()->Opcode() != Op_Region) {
     return false;
   }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestMergeStoresAndAllocationElimination.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestMergeStoresAndAllocationElimination.java
similarity index 92%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestMergeStoresAndAllocationElimination.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestMergeStoresAndAllocationElimination.java
index 605f65eb00c..55b07f1347a 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestMergeStoresAndAllocationElimination.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestMergeStoresAndAllocationElimination.java
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
  * questions.
  */
 
-package compiler.c2;
+package compiler.escapeAnalysis;
 
 /*
  * @test
@@ -29,12 +29,12 @@
  * @summary Test case where we had escape analysis tell us that we can possibly eliminate
  *          the array allocation, then MergeStores introduces a mismatched store, which
  *          the actual elimination does not verify for. That led to wrong results.
- * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.c2.TestMergeStoresAndAllocationElimination::test
- *                   -XX:CompileCommand=exclude,compiler.c2.TestMergeStoresAndAllocationElimination::dontinline
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.escapeAnalysis.TestMergeStoresAndAllocationElimination::test
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=exclude,compiler.escapeAnalysis.TestMergeStoresAndAllocationElimination::dontinline
  *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xbatch
  *                   -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:-CICompileOSR
- *                   compiler.c2.TestMergeStoresAndAllocationElimination
- * @run main compiler.c2.TestMergeStoresAndAllocationElimination
+ *                   compiler.escapeAnalysis.TestMergeStoresAndAllocationElimination
+ * @run main compiler.escapeAnalysis.TestMergeStoresAndAllocationElimination
  */
 
 public class TestMergeStoresAndAllocationElimination {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestReduceAllocationAndHeapDump.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReduceAllocationAndHeapDump.java
similarity index 91%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestReduceAllocationAndHeapDump.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReduceAllocationAndHeapDump.java
index f65643f8d87..17f92f59390 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestReduceAllocationAndHeapDump.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReduceAllocationAndHeapDump.java
@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@
  * @summary Check that the JVM is able to dump the heap even when there are ReduceAllocationMerge in the scope.
  * @library /test/lib /
  * @requires vm.flavor == "server"
- * @run main/othervm compiler.c2.TestReduceAllocationAndHeapDump
+ * @run main/othervm compiler.escapeAnalysis.TestReduceAllocationAndHeapDump
  */
 
-package compiler.c2;
+package compiler.escapeAnalysis;
 
 import java.io.File;
 import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
@@ -49,8 +49,8 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
                 "-XX:CompileThresholdScaling=0.01",
                 "-XX:+HeapDumpAfterFullGC",
                 "-XX:HeapDumpPath=" + dumpDirectory.getAbsolutePath(),
-                "-XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.c2.HeapDumper::testIt",
-                "-XX:CompileCommand=exclude,compiler.c2.HeapDumper::dummy",
+                "-XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,compiler.escapeAnalysis.HeapDumper::testIt",
+                "-XX:CompileCommand=exclude,compiler.escapeAnalysis.HeapDumper::dummy",
                 HeapDumper.class.getName()
             };
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestReduceAllocationAndMemoryLoop.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReduceAllocationAndMemoryLoop.java
similarity index 95%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestReduceAllocationAndMemoryLoop.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReduceAllocationAndMemoryLoop.java
index 765dcee7c5b..740ce5792ce 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestReduceAllocationAndMemoryLoop.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReduceAllocationAndMemoryLoop.java
@@ -29,10 +29,10 @@
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
  * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*TestReduceAllocationAndMemoryLoop*::test*
  *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xbatch
- *                   compiler.c2.TestReduceAllocationAndMemoryLoop
+ *                   compiler.escapeAnalysis.TestReduceAllocationAndMemoryLoop
  */
 
-package compiler.c2;
+package compiler.escapeAnalysis;
 
 public class TestReduceAllocationAndMemoryLoop {
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestReduceAllocationAndNonExactAllocate.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReduceAllocationAndNonExactAllocate.java
similarity index 95%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestReduceAllocationAndNonExactAllocate.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReduceAllocationAndNonExactAllocate.java
index ccb00c635c5..5043e68f7fe 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestReduceAllocationAndNonExactAllocate.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReduceAllocationAndNonExactAllocate.java
@@ -35,10 +35,10 @@
  *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation
  *                   -Xbatch
  *                   -Xcomp
- *                   compiler.c2.TestReduceAllocationAndNonExactAllocate
+ *                   compiler.escapeAnalysis.TestReduceAllocationAndNonExactAllocate
  */
 
-package compiler.c2;
+package compiler.escapeAnalysis;
 
 import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestReduceAllocationAndNullableLoads.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReduceAllocationAndNullableLoads.java
similarity index 95%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestReduceAllocationAndNullableLoads.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReduceAllocationAndNullableLoads.java
index e5df5499449..353e1d67b2b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestReduceAllocationAndNullableLoads.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReduceAllocationAndNullableLoads.java
@@ -31,10 +31,10 @@
  * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*TestReduceAllocationAndNullableLoads*::*
  *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*TestReduceAllocationAndNullableLoads*::*
  *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xcomp
- *                   compiler.c2.TestReduceAllocationAndNullableLoads
+ *                   compiler.escapeAnalysis.TestReduceAllocationAndNullableLoads
  */
 
-package compiler.c2;
+package compiler.escapeAnalysis;
 
 public class TestReduceAllocationAndNullableLoads {
     public static void main(String[] args) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestReduceAllocationAndPointerComparisons.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReduceAllocationAndPointerComparisons.java
similarity index 91%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestReduceAllocationAndPointerComparisons.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReduceAllocationAndPointerComparisons.java
index e6309b50f56..e829a05a724 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestReduceAllocationAndPointerComparisons.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReduceAllocationAndPointerComparisons.java
@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@
  * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*TestReduceAllocationAndPointerComparisons*::*
  *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*TestReduceAllocationAndPointerComparisons*::*
  *                   -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xcomp
- *                   compiler.c2.TestReduceAllocationAndPointerComparisons
- * @run main compiler.c2.TestReduceAllocationAndPointerComparisons
+ *                   compiler.escapeAnalysis.TestReduceAllocationAndPointerComparisons
+ * @run main compiler.escapeAnalysis.TestReduceAllocationAndPointerComparisons
  */
 
-package compiler.c2;
+package compiler.escapeAnalysis;
 
 public class TestReduceAllocationAndPointerComparisons {
     public static void main(String[] args) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReduceAllocationOptimizedOutPhi.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReduceAllocationOptimizedOutPhi.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..25660912fac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReduceAllocationOptimizedOutPhi.java
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8389873
+ * @summary Check that Reduce Allocation Merges correctly handle the situation
+ *          where the Phi was optimized out by IGVN during CG construction.
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*${test.main.class}*::*
+ *                   -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.escapeAnalysis;
+
+public class TestReduceAllocationOptimizedOutPhi {
+    static int var_369;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+            test();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void test() {
+        switch (new Foo().var_2) {
+            case 3:
+                var_369 = (1.0002043F == new Foo().var_2 ? new Bar() : new Bar()).var_151;
+                var_369 = 4;
+        }
+        for (short var_480 = 0; var_480 < 1; var_480++) {
+            var_369 = new Bar().var_151;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class Foo {
+    long var_1 = 9;
+    char var_2 = 'B';
+
+    Foo() {
+        int var_121 = 9;
+        for (var_121 = 9; var_121 >= 0; var_121--) {
+            double var_122 = 2.2250738585072014E-308 - (Integer) 0;
+            float var_123 = '@' * (Integer) (Byte.valueOf((byte) 9) * var_121);
+        }
+        long var_124 = (Float.intBitsToFloat(608) == '(' ? 7L : 5);
+        byte var_127 = 5;
+        for (var_127 = 55; var_127 >= 0; var_127--) {
+            if (370 <= -Byte.valueOf((byte) 14)) {
+                long var_131 = 71L + (Integer) (-Character.valueOf('d'));
+                ++var_131;
+                var_131--;
+                var_131 >>>= var_131;
+            }
+        }
+        byte var_132 = 0;
+        for (var_132 = 0; var_132 < 6; var_132++) {
+            byte var_134 = ++var_127;
+            short var_135 = 2046;
+            double var_136 = -var_132 < 0.18568599F ? 0.44624205067529954 * Long.valueOf(1048575) + '~' : Short.valueOf((short) 4085);
+            byte var_137 = 3;
+            double var_138 = -Integer.valueOf(6) - 0.9994681372166424 * Long.valueOf(3) + (Integer) (+Short.valueOf((short) 512));
+            int var_141 = (Integer) (Byte.valueOf((byte) 7) * Character.valueOf('U')) - 2;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class Bar {
+    Byte var_151 = 3;
+}
+
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestReducePhiOnCmpWithNoOptPtrCompare.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReducePhiOnCmpWithNoOptPtrCompare.java
similarity index 96%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestReducePhiOnCmpWithNoOptPtrCompare.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReducePhiOnCmpWithNoOptPtrCompare.java
index 1247effd46d..f56881ef3fb 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestReducePhiOnCmpWithNoOptPtrCompare.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReducePhiOnCmpWithNoOptPtrCompare.java
@@ -26,10 +26,10 @@
  * @bug 8361140
  * @summary Test ConnectionGraph::reduce_phi_on_cmp when OptimizePtrCompare is disabled
  * @library /test/lib /
- * @run driver compiler.c2.TestReducePhiOnCmpWithNoOptPtrCompare
+ * @run driver compiler.escapeAnalysis.TestReducePhiOnCmpWithNoOptPtrCompare
  */
 
-package compiler.c2;
+package compiler.escapeAnalysis;
 
 import java.util.Random;
 import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
@@ -87,4 +87,4 @@ public boolean equals(Object o) {
             return (p.x == x) && (p.y == y);
         }
     }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestScalarReplacementMaxLiveNodes.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestScalarReplacementMaxLiveNodes.java
similarity index 95%
rename from test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestScalarReplacementMaxLiveNodes.java
rename to test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestScalarReplacementMaxLiveNodes.java
index b5e349307c3..56f74d2285b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestScalarReplacementMaxLiveNodes.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestScalarReplacementMaxLiveNodes.java
@@ -28,10 +28,10 @@
  * @library /test/lib /
  * @requires vm.debug & vm.compiler2.enabled
  * @compile -XDstringConcat=inline TestScalarReplacementMaxLiveNodes.java
- * @run main/othervm/timeout=480 compiler.c2.TestScalarReplacementMaxLiveNodes
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=480 compiler.escapeAnalysis.TestScalarReplacementMaxLiveNodes
  * @run main/othervm/timeout=480 -Xbatch -XX:-OptimizeStringConcat -XX:-TieredCompilation
  *                   -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+ReduceAllocationMerges
- *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.c2.TestScalarReplacementMaxLiveNodes::test
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,compiler.escapeAnalysis.TestScalarReplacementMaxLiveNodes::test
  *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*TestScalarReplacementMaxLiveNodes*::*test*
  *                   -XX:CompileCommand=inline,*String*::*
  *                   -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*StringBuilder*::ensureCapacityInternal
@@ -39,9 +39,9 @@
  *                   -XX:NodeCountInliningCutoff=220000
  *                   -XX:DesiredMethodLimit=100000
  *                   -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:CompileTaskTimeout=0
- *                   compiler.c2.TestScalarReplacementMaxLiveNodes
+ *                   compiler.escapeAnalysis.TestScalarReplacementMaxLiveNodes
  */
-package compiler.c2;
+package compiler.escapeAnalysis;
 
 public class TestScalarReplacementMaxLiveNodes {
     public static void main(String[] args) {

From c82f3b8fdf466499e5174c07345db714ab70e445 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 18 Aug 2026 16:17:47 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 607/707] 8388292: Shenandoah: Micro-optimize CompressedOops
 uses

Reviewed-by: wkemper, ruili
---
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp    |  2 +-
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp    | 12 ++++++------
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahRuntime.cpp        |  2 +-
 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp
index 92f360216f4..b2f5fbad5cf 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.inline.hpp
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ inline void ShenandoahBarrierSet::satb_barrier(T *field) {
   if (ShenandoahSATBBarrier && _heap->is_concurrent_mark_in_progress()) {
     T heap_oop = RawAccess<>::oop_load(field);
     if (!CompressedOops::is_null(heap_oop)) {
-      enqueue(CompressedOops::decode(heap_oop));
+      enqueue(CompressedOops::decode_not_null(heap_oop));
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp
index a34a91c6d86..ff0271db8fd 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ inline void ShenandoahHeap::conc_update_with_forwarded(T* p) {
 
       // Either we succeed in updating the reference, or something else gets in our way.
       // We don't care if that is another concurrent GC update, or another mutator update.
-      atomic_update_oop(fwd, p, obj);
+      atomic_update_oop(fwd, p, o);
     }
   }
 }
@@ -196,14 +196,14 @@ inline void ShenandoahHeap::atomic_update_oop(oop update, oop* addr, oop compare
 
 inline void ShenandoahHeap::atomic_update_oop(oop update, narrowOop* addr, narrowOop compare) {
   assert(is_aligned(addr, sizeof(narrowOop)), "Address should be aligned: " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(addr));
-  narrowOop u = CompressedOops::encode(update);
+  narrowOop u = CompressedOops::encode_not_null(update);
   AtomicAccess::cmpxchg(addr, compare, u, memory_order_release);
 }
 
 inline void ShenandoahHeap::atomic_update_oop(oop update, narrowOop* addr, oop compare) {
   assert(is_aligned(addr, sizeof(narrowOop)), "Address should be aligned: " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(addr));
   narrowOop c = CompressedOops::encode(compare);
-  narrowOop u = CompressedOops::encode(update);
+  narrowOop u = CompressedOops::encode_not_null(update);
   AtomicAccess::cmpxchg(addr, c, u, memory_order_release);
 }
 
@@ -214,14 +214,14 @@ inline bool ShenandoahHeap::atomic_update_oop_check(oop update, oop* addr, oop c
 
 inline bool ShenandoahHeap::atomic_update_oop_check(oop update, narrowOop* addr, narrowOop compare) {
   assert(is_aligned(addr, sizeof(narrowOop)), "Address should be aligned: " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(addr));
-  narrowOop u = CompressedOops::encode(update);
+  narrowOop u = CompressedOops::encode_not_null(update);
   return (narrowOop) AtomicAccess::cmpxchg(addr, compare, u, memory_order_release) == compare;
 }
 
 inline bool ShenandoahHeap::atomic_update_oop_check(oop update, narrowOop* addr, oop compare) {
   assert(is_aligned(addr, sizeof(narrowOop)), "Address should be aligned: " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(addr));
   narrowOop c = CompressedOops::encode(compare);
-  narrowOop u = CompressedOops::encode(update);
+  narrowOop u = CompressedOops::encode_not_null(update);
   return CompressedOops::decode(AtomicAccess::cmpxchg(addr, c, u, memory_order_release)) == compare;
 }
 
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ inline void ShenandoahHeap::atomic_clear_oop(oop* addr, oop compare) {
 
 inline void ShenandoahHeap::atomic_clear_oop(narrowOop* addr, oop compare) {
   assert(is_aligned(addr, sizeof(narrowOop)), "Address should be aligned: " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(addr));
-  narrowOop cmp = CompressedOops::encode(compare);
+  narrowOop cmp = CompressedOops::encode_not_null(compare);
   AtomicAccess::cmpxchg(addr, cmp, narrowOop(), memory_order_relaxed);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahRuntime.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahRuntime.cpp
index 77c1bab4c3e..00910d3035e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahRuntime.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahRuntime.cpp
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ JRT_LEAF(narrowOop, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_strong_narrow_narr
   assert(!CompressedOops::is_null(src), "Filtered by caller");
   oop s = CompressedOops::decode_not_null(src);
   oop r = ShenandoahBarrierSet::barrier_set()->load_reference_barrier_mutator<ON_STRONG_OOP_REF, narrowOop>(s, load_addr);
-  return CompressedOops::encode(r);
+  return CompressedOops::encode_not_null(r);
 JRT_END
 
 JRT_LEAF(oopDesc*, ShenandoahRuntime::load_reference_barrier_weak(oopDesc* src, oop* load_addr))

From 8ac703a8d093f049e051d5a5b6346bccdd9d7e47 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daisuke Yamazaki <dyama@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 18 Aug 2026 16:21:06 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 608/707] 8386861: [Valhalla] emit_opSubstitutabilityCheck
 speedup

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, mdoerr
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.cpp | 10 +++-------
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRAssembler_x86.cpp |  8 ++------
 src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp    |  5 +++++
 3 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.cpp
index 1d31777ad0c..8f2eb05cbd5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.cpp
@@ -3180,13 +3180,9 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_opSubstitutabilityCheck(LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck* op
   } else {
     Register tmp1 = op->tmp1()->as_register();
     Register tmp2 = op->tmp2()->as_register();
-    if (left == right) { // same operand, so clearly the same klasses, let's save the check
-      __ b(*op->stub()->entry());  //  -> do slow check
-    } else {
-      __ cmp_klasses_from_objects(CR0, left, right, tmp1, tmp2);
-      __ bc_far_optimized(Assembler::bcondCRbiIs1, __ bi0(CR0, Assembler::equal),
-                          *op->stub()->entry()); // same klass -> do slow check
-    }
+    __ cmp_klasses_from_objects(CR0, left, right, tmp1, tmp2);
+    __ bc_far_optimized(Assembler::bcondCRbiIs1, __ bi0(CR0, Assembler::equal),
+                        *op->stub()->entry()); // same klass -> do slow check
     // fall through to L_oops_not_equal
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRAssembler_x86.cpp
index f745d80f4c5..84f99215f15 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -1628,12 +1628,8 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_opSubstitutabilityCheck(LIR_OpSubstitutabilityCheck* op
   } else {
     Register tmp1 = op->tmp1()->as_register();
     Register tmp2 = op->tmp2()->as_register();
-    if (left == right) { // same operand, so clearly the same klasses, let's save the check
-      __ jmp (*op->stub()->entry());  //  -> do slow check
-    } else {
-      __ cmp_klasses_from_objects(left, right, tmp1, tmp2);
-      __ jcc(Assembler::equal, *op->stub()->entry()); // same klass -> do slow check
-    }
+    __ cmp_klasses_from_objects(left, right, tmp1, tmp2);
+    __ jcc(Assembler::equal, *op->stub()->entry()); // same klass -> do slow check
     // fall through to L_oops_not_equal
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp
index 52bb4e224b4..19b4d9ae203 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp
@@ -3418,6 +3418,11 @@ void LIRGenerator::substitutability_check(If* x, LIRItem& left, LIRItem& right)
 void LIRGenerator::substitutability_check_common(Value left_val, Value right_val, LIRItem& left, LIRItem& right,
                                                  LIR_Opr equal_result, LIR_Opr not_equal_result, LIR_Opr result,
                                                  CodeEmitInfo* info) {
+  if (left.result() == right.result()) {
+    __ move(equal_result, result);
+    return;
+  }
+
   LIR_Opr tmp1 = LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr;
   LIR_Opr tmp2 = LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr;
 

From 87e206b81e80215562bd0e7bba52efdf5ccff17c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jorn Vernee <jvernee@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 18 Aug 2026 17:21:04 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 609/707] 8388792: False positives in jdk_foreign test suite

Reviewed-by: liach
---
 test/jdk/java/foreign/TestByteBuffer.java     | 25 +++++++++++++------
 .../java/foreign/TestFunctionDescriptor.java  | 15 +----------
 test/jdk/java/foreign/TestLayouts.java        | 21 ++++++++++------
 .../jdk/java/foreign/TestMemoryAlignment.java | 18 -------------
 test/jdk/java/foreign/TestSpliterator.java    | 14 +++++++----
 5 files changed, 42 insertions(+), 51 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/java/foreign/TestByteBuffer.java b/test/jdk/java/foreign/TestByteBuffer.java
index 3a5d1ef7c97..e45bb3fdbf0 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/foreign/TestByteBuffer.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/foreign/TestByteBuffer.java
@@ -53,9 +53,7 @@
 import java.nio.MappedByteBuffer;
 import java.nio.ShortBuffer;
 import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
-import java.nio.file.Files;
-import java.nio.file.Path;
-import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.nio.file.*;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -603,11 +601,24 @@ public void testMapZeroSize() throws IOException {
         }
     }
 
-    @Test(expectedExceptions = UnsupportedOperationException.class)
+    @Test
     public void testMapCustomPath() throws IOException {
-        Path path = Path.of(URI.create("jrt:/"));
-        try (FileChannel fileChannel = FileChannel.open(path, StandardOpenOption.READ, StandardOpenOption.WRITE)) {
-            fileChannel.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE, 0L, 0L, Arena.ofAuto());
+        // Zip file systems do support creating file channels
+        // but do not support memory mapping those files
+        Path scratch = Path.of("testMapCustomPath");
+        Files.createDirectories(scratch);
+        Path zipFile = scratch.resolve("test.zip");
+
+        try (FileSystem zipFs = FileSystems.newFileSystem(zipFile, Map.of("create", true))) {
+            // create test file
+            Path testFile = zipFs.getPath("/test_file.txt");
+            Files.writeString(testFile, "testing", StandardOpenOption.CREATE_NEW);
+
+            // now try to map it
+            try (FileChannel fileChannel = FileChannel.open(testFile, StandardOpenOption.READ, StandardOpenOption.WRITE)) {
+                assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class,
+                        () -> fileChannel.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE, 0L, 0L, Arena.ofAuto()));
+            }
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/foreign/TestFunctionDescriptor.java b/test/jdk/java/foreign/TestFunctionDescriptor.java
index f4f9290c97d..ef06f1048b2 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/foreign/TestFunctionDescriptor.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/foreign/TestFunctionDescriptor.java
@@ -34,10 +34,7 @@
 import java.util.Optional;
 import org.testng.annotations.Test;
 
-import static org.testng.Assert.assertEquals;
-import static org.testng.Assert.assertFalse;
-import static org.testng.Assert.assertNotEquals;
-import static org.testng.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.testng.Assert.*;
 
 public class TestFunctionDescriptor extends NativeTestHelper {
 
@@ -116,16 +113,6 @@ public void testCarrierMethodType() {
         assertEquals(cmt, MethodType.methodType(int.class, int.class, MemorySegment.class, MemorySegment.class));
     }
 
-    @Test(expectedExceptions = IllegalArgumentException.class)
-    public void testBadCarrierMethodType() {
-        FunctionDescriptor fd = FunctionDescriptor.of(C_INT,
-                C_INT,
-                MemoryLayout.structLayout(C_INT, C_INT),
-                MemoryLayout.sequenceLayout(3, C_INT),
-                MemoryLayout.paddingLayout(4));
-        fd.toMethodType(); // should throw
-    }
-
     @Test(expectedExceptions = IllegalArgumentException.class)
     public void testIllegalInsertArgNegIndex() {
         FunctionDescriptor fd = FunctionDescriptor.of(C_INT);
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/foreign/TestLayouts.java b/test/jdk/java/foreign/TestLayouts.java
index 2c826ec9e21..2606e0481b3 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/foreign/TestLayouts.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/foreign/TestLayouts.java
@@ -307,10 +307,12 @@ public void testBadByteAlignment(MemoryLayout layout, long byteAlign) {
         }
     }
 
-    @Test(dataProvider="layoutsAndAlignments", expectedExceptions = IllegalArgumentException.class)
+    @Test(dataProvider="layoutsAndAlignments")
     public void testBadSequenceElementAlignmentTooBig(MemoryLayout layout, long byteAlign) {
-        layout = layout.withByteAlignment(layout.byteSize() * 2); // hyper-align
-        MemoryLayout.sequenceLayout(1, layout);
+        MemoryLayout elementLayout = layout.withByteAlignment(nextPowerOfTwo(layout.byteSize() * 2)); // hyper-align
+        IllegalArgumentException iae = expectThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class,
+                () -> MemoryLayout.sequenceLayout(1, elementLayout));
+        assertEquals(iae.getMessage(), "Element layout size is not multiple of alignment");
     }
 
     @Test(dataProvider="layoutsAndAlignments")
@@ -348,15 +350,16 @@ public void testBadElementsElementSizeNotMultipleOfAlignment(MemoryLayout layout
         }
     }
 
-    @Test(dataProvider="layoutsAndAlignments", expectedExceptions = IllegalArgumentException.class)
+    @Test(dataProvider="layoutsAndAlignments")
     public void testBadStruct(MemoryLayout layout, long byteAlign) {
-        layout = layout.withByteAlignment(layout.byteSize() * 2); // hyper-align
-        MemoryLayout.structLayout(layout, layout);
+        MemoryLayout elementLayout = layout.withByteAlignment(nextPowerOfTwo(layout.byteSize() * 2)); // hyper-align
+        IllegalArgumentException iae = expectThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class,
+                () -> MemoryLayout.structLayout(elementLayout, elementLayout));
+        assertTrue(iae.getMessage().contains("Invalid alignment constraint for member layout"));
     }
 
     @Test(expectedExceptions = IllegalArgumentException.class)
     public void testSequenceElement() {
-        SequenceLayout layout = MemoryLayout.sequenceLayout(10, JAVA_INT);
         // Step must be != 0
         PathElement.sequenceElement(3, 0);
     }
@@ -543,4 +546,8 @@ static Stream<MemoryLayout> groupLayoutStream() {
             ValueLayout.JAVA_LONG,
             ValueLayout.JAVA_DOUBLE,
     };
+
+    private static long nextPowerOfTwo(long input) {
+        return 1L << -Long.numberOfLeadingZeros(input - 1);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/foreign/TestMemoryAlignment.java b/test/jdk/java/foreign/TestMemoryAlignment.java
index 10916b731d5..19f9f576ab2 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/foreign/TestMemoryAlignment.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/foreign/TestMemoryAlignment.java
@@ -73,24 +73,6 @@ public void testAlignedAccess(long align) {
         }
     }
 
-    @Test(dataProvider = "alignments")
-    public void testUnalignedAccess(long align) {
-        ValueLayout layout = ValueLayout.JAVA_INT
-                .withOrder(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN);
-        assertEquals(layout.byteAlignment(), 4);
-        ValueLayout aligned = layout.withByteAlignment(align);
-        try (Arena arena = Arena.ofConfined()) {
-            MemoryLayout alignedGroup = MemoryLayout.structLayout(MemoryLayout.paddingLayout(1), aligned);
-            assertEquals(alignedGroup.byteAlignment(), align);
-            VarHandle vh = aligned.varHandle();
-            MemorySegment segment = arena.allocate(alignedGroup);;
-            vh.set(segment.asSlice(1L), 0L, -42);
-            assertEquals(align, 8); //this is the only case where access is aligned
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
-            assertNotEquals(align, 8); //if align != 8, access is always unaligned
-        }
-    }
-
     @Test(dataProvider = "alignments")
     public void testUnalignedPath(long align) {
         MemoryLayout layout = ValueLayout.JAVA_INT.withOrder(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN);
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/foreign/TestSpliterator.java b/test/jdk/java/foreign/TestSpliterator.java
index f15e038879e..285e8ab27ea 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/foreign/TestSpliterator.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/foreign/TestSpliterator.java
@@ -29,9 +29,7 @@
 import java.lang.foreign.*;
 
 import java.lang.invoke.VarHandle;
-import java.util.LinkedList;
-import java.util.List;
-import java.util.Spliterator;
+import java.util.*;
 import java.util.concurrent.CountedCompleter;
 import java.util.concurrent.RecursiveTask;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
@@ -147,13 +145,19 @@ public void testBadStreamElementSizeZero() {
                 .elements(MemoryLayout.sequenceLayout(0, ValueLayout.JAVA_INT));
     }
 
-    @Test(expectedExceptions = IllegalArgumentException.class)
+    @Test
     public void testHyperAligned() {
         Arena scope = Arena.ofAuto();
         MemorySegment segment = scope.allocate(8, 1);
         // compute an alignment constraint (in bytes) which exceed that of the native segment
         long bigByteAlign = Long.lowestOneBit(segment.address()) << 1;
-        segment.elements(MemoryLayout.sequenceLayout(2, ValueLayout.JAVA_INT.withByteAlignment(bigByteAlign)));
+        MemoryLayout elementLayout = MemoryLayout.structLayout(
+                Collections.nCopies(Math.toIntExact(bigByteAlign), ValueLayout.JAVA_BYTE).toArray(MemoryLayout[]::new))
+                .withByteAlignment(bigByteAlign);
+        SequenceLayout layout = MemoryLayout.sequenceLayout(2, elementLayout);
+        IllegalArgumentException iae = expectThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class,
+                () -> segment.elements(layout));
+        assertEquals(iae.getMessage(), "Incompatible alignment constraints");
     }
 
     static long sumSingle(long acc, MemorySegment segment) {

From 8f396579aaffc7a28c5acb131d2142b3b819cebd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vladimir Ivanov <vaivanov@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 2026 00:04:52 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 610/707] 8368597: make should support selection by status for
 JTREG tests

Reviewed-by: erikj, jpai
---
 make/RunTests.gmk | 8 +++++---
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/make/RunTests.gmk b/make/RunTests.gmk
index 1ae49298785..1433ab32e5c 100644
--- a/make/RunTests.gmk
+++ b/make/RunTests.gmk
@@ -1054,9 +1054,11 @@ define SetupRunJtregTestBody
   $1_JTREG_BASIC_OPTIONS += -timeoutFactor:$$(JTREG_TIMEOUT_FACTOR)
 
   clean-outputdirs-$1:
-	$$(call LogWarn, Clean up dirs for $1)
-	$$(RM) -r $$($1_TEST_SUPPORT_DIR)
-	$$(RM) -r $$($1_TEST_RESULTS_DIR)
+        ifeq ($(JTREG_STATUS),)
+	  $$(call LogWarn, Clean up dirs for $1)
+	  $$(RM) -r $$($1_TEST_SUPPORT_DIR)
+	  $$(RM) -r $$($1_TEST_RESULTS_DIR)
+        endif
 
   $1_COMMAND_LINE := \
       $$(JTREG_JAVA) $$($1_JTREG_LAUNCHER_OPTIONS) \

From a30608cb94583bb7394c7d41898fa731d84e9ee2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Xueming Shen <sherman@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 2026 00:14:46 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 611/707] 8389858: [VectorAPI] VectorMask.toVector API note
 incorrectly describes the result for fp masks

Reviewed-by: psandoz
---
 .../classes/jdk/incubator/vector/VectorMask.java      | 11 ++++-------
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/VectorMask.java b/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/VectorMask.java
index 607b194946b..e7e28e7dc9e 100644
--- a/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/VectorMask.java
+++ b/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/VectorMask.java
@@ -545,13 +545,10 @@ public static <E> VectorMask<E> fromLong(VectorSpecies<E> species, long bits) {
      * {@code ETYPE} value and the {@code ETYPE} value representing
      * {@code -1}, respectively.
      *
-     * @apiNote For the sake of static type checking, users may wish
-     * to check the resulting vector against the expected integral
-     * lane type or species.  If the mask is for a float-point
-     * species, then the resulting vector will have the same shape and
-     * lane size, but an integral type.  If the mask is for an
-     * integral species, the resulting vector will be of exactly that
-     * species.
+     * @apiNote The returned vector has the same species as this mask.
+     * For a floating-point species, a set mask lane is represented in
+     * the returned vector by the floating-point value {@code -1},
+     * rather than by setting all bits of the corresponding vector lane.
      *
      * @return a vector representation of this mask
      * @see Vector#check(Class)

From d59bc6d6a6a4b67bdfebf8543f19bd1166184da2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Shiv Shah <shiv.shah@oracle.com>
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 2026 01:56:27 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 612/707] 8390330: Remove deprecated Log() constructor and
 logTo() method from nsk.share.Log

Reviewed-by: dholmes, coleenp
---
 .../isPackagePrivate/accipp001.java           |  4 +--
 .../Accessible/isPrivate/isPrivate001.java    |  4 +--
 .../isProtected/isProtected001.java           |  4 +--
 .../jdi/Accessible/isPublic/isPublic001.java  |  4 +--
 .../Accessible/modifiers/modifiers001.java    |  2 +-
 .../AttachingConnector/attach/attach002.java  |  4 +--
 .../reflectedType/reflectype001.java          |  4 +--
 .../reflectedType/reflectype002.java          | 13 ++++-----
 .../ReferenceType/allFields/allfields001.java | 13 ++++-----
 .../ReferenceType/allFields/allfields002.java |  4 +--
 .../ReferenceType/allFields/allfields003.java | 13 ++++-----
 .../ReferenceType/allFields/allfields004.java | 13 ++++-----
 .../allMethods/allmethods001.java             | 13 ++++-----
 .../allMethods/allmethods002.java             |  4 +--
 .../allMethods/allmethods003.java             | 13 ++++-----
 .../allMethods/allmethods004.java             | 13 ++++-----
 .../classObject/classobj001.java              | 13 ++++-----
 .../classObject/classobj002.java              | 13 ++++-----
 .../failedToInitialize001.java                | 13 ++++-----
 .../fieldByName/fieldbyname001.java           | 13 ++++-----
 .../fieldByName/fieldbyname002.java           |  4 +--
 .../fieldByName/fieldbyname003.java           | 13 ++++-----
 .../isAbstract/isAbstract001.java             | 13 ++++-----
 .../isVerified/isVerified001.java             |  6 ++--
 .../methodsByName_s/methbyname_s001.java      | 13 ++++-----
 .../methodsByName_s/methbyname_s002.java      |  4 +--
 .../methodsByName_s/methbyname_s003.java      | 13 ++++-----
 .../methodsByName_s/methbyname_s004.java      | 13 ++++-----
 .../methodsByName_ss/methbyname_ss001.java    | 13 ++++-----
 .../methodsByName_ss/methbyname_ss002.java    |  4 +--
 .../visibleFields/visibfield001.java          | 13 ++++-----
 .../visibleFields/visibfield002.java          |  4 +--
 .../visibleFields/visibfield003.java          | 13 ++++-----
 .../visibleFields/visibfield004.java          | 13 ++++-----
 .../visibleMethods/visibmethod001.java        | 13 ++++-----
 .../visibleMethods/visibmethod002.java        |  4 +--
 .../visibleMethods/visibmethod003.java        | 13 ++++-----
 .../visibleMethods/visibmethod004.java        | 13 ++++-----
 .../visibleMethods/visibmethod005.java        | 13 ++++-----
 .../jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/Log.java       | 28 ++-----------------
 40 files changed, 176 insertions(+), 224 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/isPackagePrivate/accipp001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/isPackagePrivate/accipp001.java
index 201995bde3f..51b5c3918ad 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/isPackagePrivate/accipp001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/isPackagePrivate/accipp001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>Accessible</code> works fine with
  * the <code>ArrayType</code> sub-interface.
  */
-public class accipp001 extends Log {
+public class accipp001 {
     final static boolean MODE_VERBOSE = false;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/isPrivate/isPrivate001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/isPrivate/isPrivate001.java
index c85fa1c0a2a..d945672439f 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/isPrivate/isPrivate001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/isPrivate/isPrivate001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
  * for ArrayType, ClassType, InterfaceType
  */
 
-public class isPrivate001 extends Log {
+public class isPrivate001 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/isProtected/isProtected001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/isProtected/isProtected001.java
index b1d5cfdf199..49780d19b27 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/isProtected/isProtected001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/isProtected/isProtected001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
  * for ArrayType, ClassType, InterfaceType
  */
 
-public class isProtected001 extends Log {
+public class isProtected001 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/isPublic/isPublic001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/isPublic/isPublic001.java
index d4883f7573c..0238dc5e6a0 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/isPublic/isPublic001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/isPublic/isPublic001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
  * for ArrayType, ClassType, InterfaceType
  */
 
-public class isPublic001 extends Log {
+public class isPublic001 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/modifiers/modifiers001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/modifiers/modifiers001.java
index a749568ad4c..a8d22483ad8 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/modifiers/modifiers001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/Accessible/modifiers/modifiers001.java
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
  * for ClassType, InterfaceType
  */
 
-public class modifiers001 extends Log {
+public class modifiers001 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/AttachingConnector/attach/attach002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/AttachingConnector/attach/attach002.java
index 9132b986a07..7bc941afc71 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/AttachingConnector/attach/attach002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/AttachingConnector/attach/attach002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
  * a target VM via <code>com.sun.jdi.SharedMemoryAttach</code> connector.<br>
  * The test also analyzes exit code of debugee's process.
  */
-public class attach002 extends Log {
+public class attach002 {
     static final int PASSED = 0;
     static final int FAILED = 2;
     static final int JCK_STATUS_BASE = 95;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ClassObjectReference/reflectedType/reflectype001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ClassObjectReference/reflectedType/reflectype001.java
index bc093a807ba..501f38358d8 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ClassObjectReference/reflectedType/reflectype001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ClassObjectReference/reflectedType/reflectype001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ClassObjectReference</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class reflectype001 extends Log {
+public class reflectype001 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to true
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ClassObjectReference/reflectedType/reflectype002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ClassObjectReference/reflectedType/reflectype002.java
index 227d67ab4ea..ceb8015b5b3 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ClassObjectReference/reflectedType/reflectype002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ClassObjectReference/reflectedType/reflectype002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -35,10 +35,11 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ClassObjectReference</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class reflectype002 extends Log {
+public class reflectype002 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to true
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     private static void print_log_without_verbose(String message) {
@@ -105,11 +106,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         argv = argHandler.getArguments();
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = debugee.createIOPipe();
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allFields/allfields001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allFields/allfields001.java
index fb1b2f683ed..b627f40f817 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allFields/allfields001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allFields/allfields001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class allfields001 extends Log {
+public class allfields001 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to static
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -148,7 +149,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -167,11 +168,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         out_stream.println("    of the com.sun.jdi package\n");
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = new IOPipe(debugee);
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allFields/allfields002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allFields/allfields002.java
index ae8e7ca3d6c..ee94fd88bc4 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allFields/allfields002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allFields/allfields002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class allfields002 extends Log {
+public class allfields002 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to true
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allFields/allfields003.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allFields/allfields003.java
index c97278309c3..0ee77b3aa62 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allFields/allfields003.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allFields/allfields003.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class allfields003 extends Log {
+public class allfields003 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to true
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     private static void print_log_without_verbose(String message) {
@@ -105,11 +106,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         verbose_mode = argHandler.verbose();
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = debugee.createIOPipe();
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allFields/allfields004.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allFields/allfields004.java
index 96cb9d2924d..d47c016a725 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allFields/allfields004.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allFields/allfields004.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class allfields004 extends Log {
+public class allfields004 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to static
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -78,7 +79,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -97,11 +98,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         out_stream.println("    of the com.sun.jdi package for class without any declarated fields\n");
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = new IOPipe(debugee);
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allMethods/allmethods001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allMethods/allmethods001.java
index 0a15a520f3e..adba1920a95 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allMethods/allmethods001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allMethods/allmethods001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class allmethods001 extends Log {
+public class allmethods001 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to static
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -203,7 +204,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -222,11 +223,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         out_stream.println("    of the com.sun.jdi package\n");
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = new IOPipe(debugee);
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allMethods/allmethods002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allMethods/allmethods002.java
index 7e0757957b4..856366d67e0 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allMethods/allmethods002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allMethods/allmethods002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class allmethods002 extends Log {
+public class allmethods002 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to true
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allMethods/allmethods003.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allMethods/allmethods003.java
index 38039d69767..5bf40e7c57b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allMethods/allmethods003.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allMethods/allmethods003.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class allmethods003 extends Log {
+public class allmethods003 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to true
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     private static void print_log_without_verbose(String message) {
@@ -106,11 +107,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         argv = argHandler.getArguments();
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = debugee.createIOPipe();
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allMethods/allmethods004.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allMethods/allmethods004.java
index 681bf7af8bb..1a06a9a55be 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allMethods/allmethods004.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/allMethods/allmethods004.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class allmethods004 extends Log {
+public class allmethods004 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to static
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -78,7 +79,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -97,11 +98,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         out_stream.println("    of the com.sun.jdi package for class without any methods\n");
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = new IOPipe(debugee);
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/classObject/classobj001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/classObject/classobj001.java
index 1948b32cdc4..eb8b3e097da 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/classObject/classobj001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/classObject/classobj001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class classobj001 extends Log {
+public class classobj001 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to true
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -104,7 +105,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -123,11 +124,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         out_stream.println("    of the com.sun.jdi package for ArraType, ClassType, InterfaceType\n");
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = new IOPipe(debugee);
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/classObject/classobj002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/classObject/classobj002.java
index 82322f250e1..7fcc0796f24 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/classObject/classobj002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/classObject/classobj002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -35,10 +35,11 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class classobj002 extends Log {
+public class classobj002 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to true
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     private static void print_log_without_verbose(String message) {
@@ -105,11 +106,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         argv = argHandler.getArguments();
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = debugee.createIOPipe();
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/failedToInitialize/failedToInitialize001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/failedToInitialize/failedToInitialize001.java
index 096d1c24ca5..78dc82ad6ee 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/failedToInitialize/failedToInitialize001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/failedToInitialize/failedToInitialize001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -37,9 +37,10 @@
  * for ClassType, InterfaceType
  */
 
-public class failedToInitialize001 extends Log {
+public class failedToInitialize001 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -93,7 +94,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -112,11 +113,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         out_stream.println("    of the com.sun.jdi package for ClassType, InterfaceType\n");
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = new IOPipe(debugee);
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fieldByName/fieldbyname001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fieldByName/fieldbyname001.java
index 1bfb90ff309..7319373724a 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fieldByName/fieldbyname001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fieldByName/fieldbyname001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class fieldbyname001 extends Log {
+public class fieldbyname001 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to static
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -141,7 +142,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -160,11 +161,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         out_stream.println("    of the com.sun.jdi package\n");
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = new IOPipe(debugee);
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fieldByName/fieldbyname002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fieldByName/fieldbyname002.java
index 32eea48a50f..7721afec2a2 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fieldByName/fieldbyname002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fieldByName/fieldbyname002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class fieldbyname002 extends Log {
+public class fieldbyname002 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to true
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fieldByName/fieldbyname003.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fieldByName/fieldbyname003.java
index a8c7f6f35fc..572668ca5e5 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fieldByName/fieldbyname003.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fieldByName/fieldbyname003.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class fieldbyname003 extends Log {
+public class fieldbyname003 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to true
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     private static void print_log_without_verbose(String message) {
@@ -107,11 +108,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         argv = argHandler.getArguments();
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = debugee.createIOPipe();
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isAbstract/isAbstract001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isAbstract/isAbstract001.java
index d7638379138..d496dfcf529 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isAbstract/isAbstract001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isAbstract/isAbstract001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -37,9 +37,10 @@
  * for ClassType, InterfaceType
  */
 
-public class isAbstract001 extends Log {
+public class isAbstract001 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -91,7 +92,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -110,11 +111,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         verbose_mode = argHandler.verbose();
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = new IOPipe(debugee);
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isVerified/isVerified001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isVerified/isVerified001.java
index f0bb211b7da..94b2bba78b2 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isVerified/isVerified001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isVerified/isVerified001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
  * for ClassType, InterfaceType
  */
 
-public class isVerified001 extends Log {
+public class isVerified001 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;
 
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_s/methbyname_s001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_s/methbyname_s001.java
index b059903782d..8d85373b68e 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_s/methbyname_s001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_s/methbyname_s001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class methbyname_s001 extends Log {
+public class methbyname_s001 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to static
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -183,7 +184,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -202,11 +203,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         out_stream.println("    of the com.sun.jdi package\n");
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = new IOPipe(debugee);
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_s/methbyname_s002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_s/methbyname_s002.java
index e09a6e384ad..57663947dd1 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_s/methbyname_s002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_s/methbyname_s002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class methbyname_s002 extends Log {
+public class methbyname_s002 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to true
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_s/methbyname_s003.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_s/methbyname_s003.java
index ef3885f6e5f..d9a7aa3becf 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_s/methbyname_s003.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_s/methbyname_s003.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class methbyname_s003 extends Log {
+public class methbyname_s003 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to true
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     private static void print_log_without_verbose(String message) {
@@ -106,11 +107,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         argv = argHandler.getArguments();
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = debugee.createIOPipe();
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_s/methbyname_s004.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_s/methbyname_s004.java
index 47bb9b350f3..4d7892f4c90 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_s/methbyname_s004.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_s/methbyname_s004.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class methbyname_s004 extends Log {
+public class methbyname_s004 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to static
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -109,7 +110,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -128,11 +129,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         out_stream.println("    of the com.sun.jdi package for overloaded methods\n");
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = new IOPipe(debugee);
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_ss/methbyname_ss001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_ss/methbyname_ss001.java
index 08da95dd7fd..dae3e3c06cf 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_ss/methbyname_ss001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_ss/methbyname_ss001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class methbyname_ss001 extends Log {
+public class methbyname_ss001 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to static
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -196,7 +197,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -215,11 +216,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         out_stream.println("    ReferenceType interface of the com.sun.jdi package\n");
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = new IOPipe(debugee);
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_ss/methbyname_ss002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_ss/methbyname_ss002.java
index e3090542cdd..4fdd23afb72 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_ss/methbyname_ss002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_ss/methbyname_ss002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class methbyname_ss002 extends Log {
+public class methbyname_ss002 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to true
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleFields/visibfield001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleFields/visibfield001.java
index cf6f4ae420f..b42249bf698 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleFields/visibfield001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleFields/visibfield001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class visibfield001 extends Log {
+public class visibfield001 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to static
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -135,7 +136,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -154,11 +155,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         out_stream.println("    of the com.sun.jdi package\n");
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = new IOPipe(debugee);
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleFields/visibfield002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleFields/visibfield002.java
index a9cb1fb4f41..1e11aac9eba 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleFields/visibfield002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleFields/visibfield002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class visibfield002 extends Log {
+public class visibfield002 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to true
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleFields/visibfield003.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleFields/visibfield003.java
index 14520271c17..e730099bb7b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleFields/visibfield003.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleFields/visibfield003.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class visibfield003 extends Log {
+public class visibfield003 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to true
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     private static void print_log_without_verbose(String message) {
@@ -106,11 +107,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         argv = argHandler.getArguments();
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = debugee.createIOPipe();
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleFields/visibfield004.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleFields/visibfield004.java
index 5eee5228479..78e0a925369 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleFields/visibfield004.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleFields/visibfield004.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class visibfield004 extends Log {
+public class visibfield004 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to static
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -78,7 +79,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -97,11 +98,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         out_stream.println("    of the com.sun.jdi package for class without visible fields\n");
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = new IOPipe(debugee);
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleMethods/visibmethod001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleMethods/visibmethod001.java
index d3bcc84c7e2..6c5cc8de830 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleMethods/visibmethod001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleMethods/visibmethod001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class visibmethod001 extends Log {
+public class visibmethod001 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to static
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -181,7 +182,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -200,11 +201,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         out_stream.println("    of the com.sun.jdi package\n");
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = new IOPipe(debugee);
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleMethods/visibmethod002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleMethods/visibmethod002.java
index 5f3f9e1d6e1..b8c2d032c31 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleMethods/visibmethod002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleMethods/visibmethod002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class visibmethod002 extends Log {
+public class visibmethod002 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to true
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleMethods/visibmethod003.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleMethods/visibmethod003.java
index 94f8616e627..ee6bde142b5 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleMethods/visibmethod003.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleMethods/visibmethod003.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class visibmethod003 extends Log {
+public class visibmethod003 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to true
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     private static void print_log_without_verbose(String message) {
@@ -106,11 +107,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         argv = argHandler.getArguments();
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = debugee.createIOPipe();
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleMethods/visibmethod004.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleMethods/visibmethod004.java
index ba1449d960e..8711a559c32 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleMethods/visibmethod004.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleMethods/visibmethod004.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class visibmethod004 extends Log {
+public class visibmethod004 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to static
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -78,7 +79,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -97,11 +98,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         out_stream.println("    of the com.sun.jdi package for class without visible methods\n");
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = new IOPipe(debugee);
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleMethods/visibmethod005.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleMethods/visibmethod005.java
index 0c752e720c3..28bec81d290 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleMethods/visibmethod005.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/visibleMethods/visibmethod005.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@
  * of the JDI interface <code>ReferenceType</code> of com.sun.jdi package
  */
 
-public class visibmethod005 extends Log {
+public class visibmethod005 {
     static java.io.PrintStream out_stream;
     static boolean verbose_mode = false;  // test argument -vbs or -verbose switches to static
                                           // - for more easy failure evaluation
+    static Log log;
 
     /** The main class names of the debugger & debugee applications. */
     private final static String
@@ -90,7 +91,7 @@ public static int run (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
     }
 
     private void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
-        display(message);
+        log.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -109,11 +110,9 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
         out_stream.println("    of the com.sun.jdi package for multiple inherited abstract methods\n");
 
         String debugee_launch_command = debugeeName;
-        if (verbose_mode) {
-            logTo(out_stream);
-        }
+        log = new Log(out_stream, argHandler);
 
-        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler,this);
+        Binder binder = new Binder(argHandler, log);
         Debugee debugee = binder.bindToDebugee(debugee_launch_command);
         IOPipe pipe = new IOPipe(debugee);
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/Log.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/Log.java
index 99467fc0334..24711527606 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/Log.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/Log.java
@@ -144,25 +144,14 @@ public static String getLevelsString() {
 
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-    /**
-     * Create new Log's only with <code>Log(out)</code> or with
-     * <code>Log(out,argsHandler)</code> constructors.
-     *
-     * @deprecated  Extending test class with Log is obsolete.
-     */
-    @Deprecated
-    protected Log() {
-        // Don't log exceptions from this method. It would just add unnecessary logs.
-        loggedExceptions.add("nsk.share.jdi.SerialExecutionDebugger.executeTests");
-    }
-
 
     /**
      * Incarnate new Log for the given <code>stream</code> and
      * for non-verbose mode.
      */
     public Log(PrintStream stream) {
-        this();
+        // Don't log exceptions from this method. It would just add unnecessary logs.
+        loggedExceptions.add("nsk.share.jdi.SerialExecutionDebugger.executeTests");
         out = stream;
     }
 
@@ -337,19 +326,6 @@ private void logExceptionForFailureAnalysis(String msg) {
 
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-    /**
-     * Redirect log to the given <code>stream</code>.
-     *
-     * @deprecated  This method is obsolete.
-     */
-    @Deprecated
-    protected synchronized void logTo(PrintStream stream) {
-        if (out != null) {
-            out.flush();
-        }
-        out = stream;
-    }
-
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
     /**

From 7d95b50c7f921bb4538b7fa5428f49078ea79b51 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gui Cao <gcao@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 2026 02:21:27 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 613/707] 8389378: RISC-V: Eliminate redundant sext.w by fusing
 ConvI2L with int producers

Reviewed-by: dzhang, fyang
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad | 151 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 151 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
index 6f950886511..17cd4592fd2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
@@ -8575,6 +8575,157 @@ instruct convI2L_reg_reg(iRegLNoSp dst, iRegIorL2I src)
   ins_pipe(ialu_reg);
 %}
 
+// Fused int-producer + ConvI2L rules.
+instruct convI2L_addI_reg_reg(iRegLNoSp dst, iRegIorL2I src1, iRegIorL2I src2) %{
+  match(Set dst (ConvI2L (AddI src1 src2)));
+
+  ins_cost(ALU_COST);
+  format %{ "addw  $dst, $src1, $src2\t#@convI2L_addI_reg_reg" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ addw(as_Register($dst$$reg),
+            as_Register($src1$$reg),
+            as_Register($src2$$reg));
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(ialu_reg_reg);
+%}
+
+instruct convI2L_addI_reg_imm(iRegLNoSp dst, iRegIorL2I src1, immIAdd src2) %{
+  match(Set dst (ConvI2L (AddI src1 src2)));
+
+  ins_cost(ALU_COST);
+  format %{ "addiw  $dst, $src1, $src2\t#@convI2L_addI_reg_imm" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ addiw(as_Register($dst$$reg),
+             as_Register($src1$$reg),
+             $src2$$constant);
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(ialu_reg_imm);
+%}
+
+instruct convI2L_subI_reg_reg(iRegLNoSp dst, iRegIorL2I src1, iRegIorL2I src2) %{
+  match(Set dst (ConvI2L (SubI src1 src2)));
+
+  ins_cost(ALU_COST);
+  format %{ "subw  $dst, $src1, $src2\t#@convI2L_subI_reg_reg" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ subw(as_Register($dst$$reg),
+            as_Register($src1$$reg),
+            as_Register($src2$$reg));
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(ialu_reg_reg);
+%}
+
+instruct convI2L_mulI_reg_reg(iRegLNoSp dst, iRegIorL2I src1, iRegIorL2I src2) %{
+  match(Set dst (ConvI2L (MulI src1 src2)));
+
+  ins_cost(IMUL_COST);
+  format %{ "mulw  $dst, $src1, $src2\t#@convI2L_mulI_reg_reg" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ mulw(as_Register($dst$$reg),
+            as_Register($src1$$reg),
+            as_Register($src2$$reg));
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(imul_reg_reg);
+%}
+
+instruct convI2L_lShiftI_reg_reg(iRegLNoSp dst, iRegIorL2I src1, iRegIorL2I src2) %{
+  match(Set dst (ConvI2L (LShiftI src1 src2)));
+
+  ins_cost(ALU_COST);
+  format %{ "sllw  $dst, $src1, $src2\t#@convI2L_lShiftI_reg_reg" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ sllw(as_Register($dst$$reg),
+            as_Register($src1$$reg),
+            as_Register($src2$$reg));
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(ialu_reg_reg_vshift);
+%}
+
+instruct convI2L_lShiftI_reg_imm(iRegLNoSp dst, iRegIorL2I src1, immI src2) %{
+  match(Set dst (ConvI2L (LShiftI src1 src2)));
+
+  ins_cost(ALU_COST);
+  format %{ "slliw  $dst, $src1, ($src2 & 0x1f)\t#@convI2L_lShiftI_reg_imm" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ slliw(as_Register($dst$$reg),
+             as_Register($src1$$reg),
+             (unsigned) $src2$$constant & 0x1f);
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(ialu_reg_shift);
+%}
+
+instruct convI2L_urShiftI_reg_reg(iRegLNoSp dst, iRegIorL2I src1, iRegIorL2I src2) %{
+  match(Set dst (ConvI2L (URShiftI src1 src2)));
+
+  ins_cost(ALU_COST);
+  format %{ "srlw  $dst, $src1, $src2\t#@convI2L_urShiftI_reg_reg" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ srlw(as_Register($dst$$reg),
+            as_Register($src1$$reg),
+            as_Register($src2$$reg));
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(ialu_reg_reg_vshift);
+%}
+
+instruct convI2L_urShiftI_reg_imm(iRegLNoSp dst, iRegIorL2I src1, immI src2) %{
+  match(Set dst (ConvI2L (URShiftI src1 src2)));
+
+  ins_cost(ALU_COST);
+  format %{ "srliw  $dst, $src1, ($src2 & 0x1f)\t#@convI2L_urShiftI_reg_imm" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ srliw(as_Register($dst$$reg),
+             as_Register($src1$$reg),
+             (unsigned) $src2$$constant & 0x1f);
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(ialu_reg_shift);
+%}
+
+instruct convI2L_rShiftI_reg_reg(iRegLNoSp dst, iRegIorL2I src1, iRegIorL2I src2) %{
+  match(Set dst (ConvI2L (RShiftI src1 src2)));
+
+  ins_cost(ALU_COST);
+  format %{ "sraw  $dst, $src1, $src2\t#@convI2L_rShiftI_reg_reg" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ sraw(as_Register($dst$$reg),
+            as_Register($src1$$reg),
+            as_Register($src2$$reg));
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(ialu_reg_reg_vshift);
+%}
+
+instruct convI2L_rShiftI_reg_imm(iRegLNoSp dst, iRegIorL2I src1, immI src2) %{
+  match(Set dst (ConvI2L (RShiftI src1 src2)));
+
+  ins_cost(ALU_COST);
+  format %{ "sraiw  $dst, $src1, ($src2 & 0x1f)\t#@convI2L_rShiftI_reg_imm" %}
+
+  ins_encode %{
+    __ sraiw(as_Register($dst$$reg),
+             as_Register($src1$$reg),
+             (unsigned) $src2$$constant & 0x1f);
+  %}
+
+  ins_pipe(ialu_reg_shift);
+%}
+
 instruct convL2I_reg(iRegINoSp dst, iRegL src) %{
   match(Set dst (ConvL2I src));
 

From 4b77534a55aa00ea2346a9740660b0c85a1f4374 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vladimir Kozlov <kvn@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 2026 05:15:36 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 614/707] 8390590: [BACKOUT] C2: Fix the memory around some
 intrinsics nodes

Reviewed-by: dlong, vlivanov, thartmann
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp           |  91 +++-----
 src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp           |   3 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/intrinsicnode.cpp      |   2 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/intrinsicnode.hpp      | 200 +++++++-----------
 src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp       |  14 +-
 .../intrinsics/string/TestAntiDependency.java | 128 -----------
 6 files changed, 111 insertions(+), 327 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/string/TestAntiDependency.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp
index e41beaa26e0..a2da4efa2a1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp
@@ -46,17 +46,14 @@
 #include "opto/intrinsicnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/locknode.hpp"
 #include "opto/machnode.hpp"
-#include "opto/memnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/multnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/narrowptrnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/opaquenode.hpp"
-#include "opto/opcodes.hpp"
 #include "opto/parse.hpp"
 #include "opto/reachability.hpp"
 #include "opto/rootnode.hpp"
 #include "opto/runtime.hpp"
 #include "opto/subtypenode.hpp"
-#include "opto/type.hpp"
 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 #include "runtime/deoptimization.hpp"
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
@@ -4862,81 +4859,51 @@ void GraphKit::store_String_coder(Node* str, Node* value) {
                   value, TypeInt::BYTE, T_BYTE, IN_HEAP | MO_UNORDERED);
 }
 
-// If input and output memory types differ, capture the whole memory to preserve
-// the dependency between preceding and subsequent loads/stores.
-// For example, the following program:
-//  StoreB
-//  compress_string
-//  LoadB
-// has this memory graph (use->def):
-//  LoadB -> compress_string -> CharMem
-//             ... -> StoreB -> ByteMem
-// The intrinsic hides the dependency between LoadB and StoreB, causing
-// the load to read from memory not containing the result of the StoreB.
-// The correct memory graph should look like this:
-//  LoadB -> compress_string -> MergeMem -> StoreB
-Node* GraphKit::capture_memory(const TypePtr*& combined_type, const TypePtr* src_type, const TypePtr* dst_type) {
+// Capture src and dst memory state with a MergeMemNode
+Node* GraphKit::capture_memory(const TypePtr* src_type, const TypePtr* dst_type) {
   if (src_type == dst_type) {
     // Types are equal, we don't need a MergeMemNode
-    combined_type = src_type;
     return memory(src_type);
   }
-  Node* mem = reset_memory();
-  set_all_memory(mem);
-  combined_type = TypePtr::BOTTOM;
-  return mem;
-}
-
-// If dst_type and src_type are different, str may have an anti-dependency with another node
-// consuming src_type.
-// For example:
-//  compress_string
-//  StoreC
-// has this memory graph (use->def):
-//  compress_string -> MergeMem -> CharMem
-//                       StoreC
-// The scheduler needs to ensure that compress_string is not executed after StoreC, or it will read
-// the wrong memory. For normal loads, the scheduler computes its anti-dependencies to ensure the
-// memory it reads from is not killed. Since we do not compute anti-dependencies for
-// StrCompressedCopyNode, manually insert a MemBar so the anti-dependency becomes use-def
-// dependency:
-//  StoreC -> MemBar -> MergeMem -> compress_string -> MergeMem -> CharMem
-//                               -------------------------------->
-void GraphKit::memory_effect(Node* res_mem, const TypePtr* src_type, const TypePtr* dst_type) {
-  set_memory(res_mem, dst_type);
-  if (src_type != dst_type) {
-    Node* all_mem = reset_memory();
-    set_all_memory(all_mem);
-    Node* membar = new MemBarCPUOrderNode(C, C->get_alias_index(src_type), nullptr);
-    membar->init_req(TypeFunc::Control, control());
-    membar->init_req(TypeFunc::Memory, all_mem);
-    membar = _gvn.transform(membar);
-    set_control(_gvn.transform(new ProjNode(membar, TypeFunc::Control)));
-    set_memory(_gvn.transform(new ProjNode(membar, TypeFunc::Memory)), src_type);
-  }
+  MergeMemNode* merge = MergeMemNode::make(map()->memory());
+  record_for_igvn(merge); // fold it up later, if possible
+  int src_idx = C->get_alias_index(src_type);
+  int dst_idx = C->get_alias_index(dst_type);
+  merge->set_memory_at(src_idx, memory(src_idx));
+  merge->set_memory_at(dst_idx, memory(dst_idx));
+  return merge;
 }
 
 Node* GraphKit::compress_string(Node* src, const TypeAryPtr* src_type, Node* dst, Node* count) {
   assert(Matcher::match_rule_supported(Op_StrCompressedCopy), "Intrinsic not supported");
   assert(src_type == TypeAryPtr::BYTES || src_type == TypeAryPtr::CHARS, "invalid source type");
-  const TypePtr* dst_type = TypeAryPtr::BYTES;
-  const TypePtr* adr_type;
-  Node* mem = capture_memory(adr_type, src_type, dst_type);
-  StrCompressedCopyNode* str = new StrCompressedCopyNode(control(), mem, adr_type, src, dst, count);
+  // If input and output memory types differ, capture both states to preserve
+  // the dependency between preceding and subsequent loads/stores.
+  // For example, the following program:
+  //  StoreB
+  //  compress_string
+  //  LoadB
+  // has this memory graph (use->def):
+  //  LoadB -> compress_string -> CharMem
+  //             ... -> StoreB -> ByteMem
+  // The intrinsic hides the dependency between LoadB and StoreB, causing
+  // the load to read from memory not containing the result of the StoreB.
+  // The correct memory graph should look like this:
+  //  LoadB -> compress_string -> MergeMem(CharMem, StoreB(ByteMem))
+  Node* mem = capture_memory(src_type, TypeAryPtr::BYTES);
+  StrCompressedCopyNode* str = new StrCompressedCopyNode(control(), mem, src, dst, count);
   Node* res_mem = _gvn.transform(new SCMemProjNode(_gvn.transform(str)));
-  memory_effect(res_mem, src_type, dst_type);
+  set_memory(res_mem, TypeAryPtr::BYTES);
   return str;
 }
 
 void GraphKit::inflate_string(Node* src, Node* dst, const TypeAryPtr* dst_type, Node* count) {
   assert(Matcher::match_rule_supported(Op_StrInflatedCopy), "Intrinsic not supported");
   assert(dst_type == TypeAryPtr::BYTES || dst_type == TypeAryPtr::CHARS, "invalid dest type");
-  const TypePtr* src_type = TypeAryPtr::BYTES;
-  const TypePtr* adr_type;
-  Node* mem = capture_memory(adr_type, src_type, dst_type);
-  StrInflatedCopyNode* str = new StrInflatedCopyNode(control(), mem, adr_type, src, dst, count);
-  Node* res_mem = _gvn.transform(str);
-  memory_effect(res_mem, src_type, dst_type);
+  // Capture src and dst memory (see comment in 'compress_string').
+  Node* mem = capture_memory(TypeAryPtr::BYTES, dst_type);
+  StrInflatedCopyNode* str = new StrInflatedCopyNode(control(), mem, src, dst, count);
+  set_memory(_gvn.transform(str), dst_type);
 }
 
 void GraphKit::inflate_string_slow(Node* src, Node* dst, Node* start, Node* count) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp
index 1c109cb5675..59a95baa5e7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.hpp
@@ -886,8 +886,7 @@ class GraphKit : public Phase {
   Node* load_String_coder(Node* str, bool set_ctrl);
   void store_String_value(Node* str, Node* value);
   void store_String_coder(Node* str, Node* value);
-  Node* capture_memory(const TypePtr*& combined_type, const TypePtr* src_type, const TypePtr* dst_type);
-  void memory_effect(Node* res_mem, const TypePtr* src_type, const TypePtr* dst_type);
+  Node* capture_memory(const TypePtr* src_type, const TypePtr* dst_type);
   Node* compress_string(Node* src, const TypeAryPtr* src_type, Node* dst, Node* count);
   void inflate_string(Node* src, Node* dst, const TypeAryPtr* dst_type, Node* count);
   void inflate_string_slow(Node* src, Node* dst, Node* start, Node* count);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/intrinsicnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/intrinsicnode.cpp
index 887681233f1..d3e62dacfe8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/intrinsicnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/intrinsicnode.cpp
@@ -63,6 +63,8 @@ const Type* StrIntrinsicNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
   return bottom_type();
 }
 
+uint StrIntrinsicNode::size_of() const { return sizeof(*this); }
+
 //=============================================================================
 //------------------------------Ideal------------------------------------------
 // Return a node which is more "ideal" than the current node.  Strip out
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/intrinsicnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/intrinsicnode.hpp
index 1fe61cfb178..d81e7bed7e9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/intrinsicnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/intrinsicnode.hpp
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class PartialSubtypeCheckNode : public Node {
 
 //------------------------------StrIntrinsic-------------------------------
 // Base class for Ideal nodes used in String intrinsic code.
-class StrIntrinsicNode : public Node {
+class StrIntrinsicNode: public Node {
  public:
   // Possible encodings of the parameters passed to the string intrinsic.
   // 'L' stands for Latin1 and 'U' stands for UTF16. For example, 'LU' means that
@@ -59,11 +59,7 @@ class StrIntrinsicNode : public Node {
  protected:
   // Encoding of strings. Used to select the right version of the intrinsic.
   const ArgEncoding _encoding;
-  virtual uint size_of() const override { return sizeof(StrIntrinsicNode); }
-  virtual uint hash() const override { return Node::hash() + _encoding; }
-  virtual bool cmp(const Node& n) const override {
-    return Node::cmp(n) && _encoding == static_cast<const StrIntrinsicNode&>(n)._encoding;
-  }
+  virtual uint size_of() const;
 
  public:
   StrIntrinsicNode(Node* control, Node* char_array_mem,
@@ -81,189 +77,141 @@ class StrIntrinsicNode : public Node {
   Node(control, char_array_mem, s1, s2), _encoding(encoding) {
   }
 
-  virtual const TypePtr* adr_type() const override = 0;
-  virtual uint match_edge(uint idx) const override;
-  virtual uint ideal_reg() const override { return Op_RegI; }
-  virtual Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) override;
-  virtual const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const override;
+  virtual const TypePtr* adr_type() const { return TypeAryPtr::BYTES; }
+  virtual uint match_edge(uint idx) const;
+  virtual uint ideal_reg() const { return Op_RegI; }
+  virtual Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape);
+  virtual const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const;
   ArgEncoding encoding() const { return _encoding; }
 
 private:
-  virtual bool depends_only_on_test_impl() const override { return false; }
+  virtual bool depends_only_on_test_impl() const { return false; }
 };
 
 //------------------------------StrComp-------------------------------------
-class StrCompNode final : public StrIntrinsicNode {
+class StrCompNode: public StrIntrinsicNode {
  public:
   StrCompNode(Node* control, Node* char_array_mem,
               Node* s1, Node* c1, Node* s2, Node* c2, ArgEncoding encoding):
   StrIntrinsicNode(control, char_array_mem, s1, c1, s2, c2, encoding) {};
-  virtual int Opcode() const override;
-  virtual const Type* bottom_type() const override { return TypeInt::INT; }
-  virtual const TypePtr* adr_type() const override { return TypeAryPtr::BYTES; }
+  virtual int Opcode() const;
+  virtual const Type* bottom_type() const { return TypeInt::INT; }
 };
 
 //------------------------------StrEquals-------------------------------------
-class StrEqualsNode final : public StrIntrinsicNode {
+class StrEqualsNode: public StrIntrinsicNode {
  public:
   StrEqualsNode(Node* control, Node* char_array_mem,
                 Node* s1, Node* s2, Node* c, ArgEncoding encoding):
   StrIntrinsicNode(control, char_array_mem, s1, s2, c, encoding) {};
-  virtual int Opcode() const override;
-  virtual const Type* bottom_type() const override { return TypeInt::BOOL; }
-  virtual const TypePtr* adr_type() const override { return TypeAryPtr::BYTES; }
+  virtual int Opcode() const;
+  virtual const Type* bottom_type() const { return TypeInt::BOOL; }
 };
 
 //------------------------------StrIndexOf-------------------------------------
-class StrIndexOfNode final : public StrIntrinsicNode {
+class StrIndexOfNode: public StrIntrinsicNode {
  public:
   StrIndexOfNode(Node* control, Node* char_array_mem,
                  Node* s1, Node* c1, Node* s2, Node* c2, ArgEncoding encoding):
   StrIntrinsicNode(control, char_array_mem, s1, c1, s2, c2, encoding) {};
-  virtual int Opcode() const override;
-  virtual const Type* bottom_type() const override { return TypeInt::INT; }
-  virtual const TypePtr* adr_type() const override { return TypeAryPtr::BYTES; }
+  virtual int Opcode() const;
+  virtual const Type* bottom_type() const { return TypeInt::INT; }
 };
 
 //------------------------------StrIndexOfChar-------------------------------------
-class StrIndexOfCharNode final : public StrIntrinsicNode {
+class StrIndexOfCharNode: public StrIntrinsicNode {
  public:
   StrIndexOfCharNode(Node* control, Node* char_array_mem,
                      Node* s1, Node* c1, Node* c, ArgEncoding encoding):
   StrIntrinsicNode(control, char_array_mem, s1, c1, c, encoding) {};
-  virtual int Opcode() const override;
-  virtual const Type* bottom_type() const override { return TypeInt::INT; }
-  virtual const TypePtr* adr_type() const override { return TypeAryPtr::BYTES; }
+  virtual int Opcode() const;
+  virtual const Type* bottom_type() const { return TypeInt::INT; }
 };
 
 //--------------------------StrCompressedCopy-------------------------------
-class StrCompressedCopyNode final : public StrIntrinsicNode {
-private:
-  const TypePtr* const _adr_type;
-
-public:
-  StrCompressedCopyNode(Node* control, Node* arymem, const TypePtr* adr_type,
+class StrCompressedCopyNode: public StrIntrinsicNode {
+ public:
+  StrCompressedCopyNode(Node* control, Node* arymem,
                         Node* s1, Node* s2, Node* c):
-  StrIntrinsicNode(control, arymem, s1, s2, c, none), _adr_type(adr_type) {};
-  virtual int Opcode() const override;
-  virtual const Type* bottom_type() const override { return TypeInt::INT; }
-  virtual Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) override;
-
-private:
-  virtual uint size_of() const override { return sizeof(StrCompressedCopyNode); }
-  virtual uint hash() const override { return StrIntrinsicNode::hash() + (uint)(uintptr_t) _adr_type; }
-  virtual bool cmp(const Node& n) const override {
-    return StrIntrinsicNode::cmp(n) && _adr_type == static_cast<const StrCompressedCopyNode&>(n)._adr_type;
-  }
-  virtual const TypePtr* adr_type() const override { return _adr_type; }
+  StrIntrinsicNode(control, arymem, s1, s2, c, none) {};
+  virtual int Opcode() const;
+  virtual const Type* bottom_type() const { return TypeInt::INT; }
+  virtual const TypePtr* adr_type() const { return TypePtr::BOTTOM; }
+  virtual Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape);
 };
 
 //--------------------------StrInflatedCopy---------------------------------
-class StrInflatedCopyNode final : public StrIntrinsicNode {
-private:
-  const TypePtr* const _adr_type;
-
-public:
-  StrInflatedCopyNode(Node* control, Node* arymem, const TypePtr* adr_type,
+class StrInflatedCopyNode: public StrIntrinsicNode {
+ public:
+  StrInflatedCopyNode(Node* control, Node* arymem,
                       Node* s1, Node* s2, Node* c):
-  StrIntrinsicNode(control, arymem, s1, s2, c, none), _adr_type(adr_type) {};
-  virtual int Opcode() const override;
-  virtual const Type* bottom_type() const override { return Type::MEMORY; }
-  virtual Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) override;
-
-private:
-  virtual uint size_of() const override { return sizeof(StrInflatedCopyNode); }
-  virtual uint hash() const override { return StrIntrinsicNode::hash() + (uint)(uintptr_t) _adr_type; }
-  virtual bool cmp(const Node& n) const override {
-    return StrIntrinsicNode::cmp(n) && _adr_type == static_cast<const StrInflatedCopyNode&>(n)._adr_type;
-  }
-  virtual const TypePtr* adr_type() const override { return _adr_type; }
+  StrIntrinsicNode(control, arymem, s1, s2, c, none) {};
+  virtual int Opcode() const;
+  virtual const Type* bottom_type() const { return Type::MEMORY; }
+  virtual const TypePtr* adr_type() const { return TypePtr::BOTTOM; }
+  virtual Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape);
 };
 
 //------------------------------AryEq---------------------------------------
-class AryEqNode final : public StrIntrinsicNode {
-private:
-  const TypeAryPtr* const _in_adr_type;
-
-public:
-  AryEqNode(Node* control, Node* char_array_mem, const TypeAryPtr* in_adr_type,
+class AryEqNode: public StrIntrinsicNode {
+ public:
+  AryEqNode(Node* control, Node* char_array_mem,
             Node* s1, Node* s2, ArgEncoding encoding):
-  StrIntrinsicNode(control, char_array_mem, s1, s2, encoding), _in_adr_type(in_adr_type) {};
-  virtual int Opcode() const override;
-  virtual const Type* bottom_type() const override { return TypeInt::BOOL; }
-
-private:
-  virtual uint size_of() const override { return sizeof(AryEqNode); }
-  virtual uint hash() const override { return StrIntrinsicNode::hash() + (uint)(uintptr_t) _in_adr_type; }
-  virtual bool cmp(const Node& n) const override {
-    return StrIntrinsicNode::cmp(n) && _in_adr_type == static_cast<const AryEqNode&>(n)._in_adr_type;
-  }
-  virtual const TypePtr* adr_type() const override { return _in_adr_type; }
+  StrIntrinsicNode(control, char_array_mem, s1, s2, encoding) {};
+  virtual int Opcode() const;
+  virtual const Type* bottom_type() const { return TypeInt::BOOL; }
 };
 
 //------------------------------CountPositives------------------------------
-class CountPositivesNode final : public StrIntrinsicNode {
+class CountPositivesNode: public StrIntrinsicNode {
  public:
   CountPositivesNode(Node* control, Node* char_array_mem, Node* s1, Node* c1):
   StrIntrinsicNode(control, char_array_mem, s1, c1, none) {};
-  virtual int Opcode() const override;
-  virtual const Type* bottom_type() const override { return TypeInt::POS; }
-  virtual const TypePtr* adr_type() const override { return TypeAryPtr::BYTES; }
+  virtual int Opcode() const;
+  virtual const Type* bottom_type() const { return TypeInt::POS; }
 };
 
 //------------------------------VectorizedHashCodeNode----------------------
-class VectorizedHashCodeNode final : public Node {
-private:
-  const TypeAryPtr* const _in_adr_type;
-
-public:
-  VectorizedHashCodeNode(Node* control, Node* ary_mem, const TypeAryPtr* in_adr_type, Node* arg1, Node* cnt1, Node* result, Node* basic_type)
-    : Node(control, ary_mem, arg1, cnt1, result, basic_type), _in_adr_type(in_adr_type) {};
-  virtual int Opcode() const override;
-  virtual const Type* bottom_type() const override { return TypeInt::INT; }
-  virtual uint match_edge(uint idx) const override;
-  virtual uint ideal_reg() const override { return Op_RegI; }
-  virtual Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) override;
-  virtual const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const override;
+class VectorizedHashCodeNode: public Node {
+ public:
+  VectorizedHashCodeNode(Node* control, Node* ary_mem, Node* arg1, Node* cnt1, Node* result, Node* basic_type)
+    : Node(control, ary_mem, arg1, cnt1, result, basic_type) {};
+  virtual int Opcode() const;
+  virtual const Type* bottom_type() const { return TypeInt::INT; }
+  virtual const TypePtr* adr_type() const { return TypePtr::BOTTOM; }
+  virtual uint match_edge(uint idx) const;
+  virtual uint ideal_reg() const { return Op_RegI; }
+  virtual Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape);
+  virtual const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const;
 
 private:
-  virtual uint size_of() const override { return sizeof(VectorizedHashCodeNode); }
-  virtual uint hash() const override { return Node::hash() + (uint)(uintptr_t) _in_adr_type; }
-  virtual bool cmp(const Node& n) const override {
-    return Node::cmp(n) && _in_adr_type == static_cast<const VectorizedHashCodeNode&>(n)._in_adr_type;
-  }
-  virtual const TypePtr* adr_type() const override { return _in_adr_type; }
-  virtual bool depends_only_on_test_impl() const override { return false; }
+  virtual bool depends_only_on_test_impl() const { return false; }
 };
 
 //------------------------------EncodeISOArray--------------------------------
 // encode char[] to byte[] in ISO_8859_1 or ASCII
-class EncodeISOArrayNode final : public Node {
-private:
-  const TypePtr* const _adr_type;
+class EncodeISOArrayNode: public Node {
   bool _ascii;
-
-public:
-  EncodeISOArrayNode(Node* control, Node* arymem, const TypePtr* adr_type, Node* s1, Node* s2, Node* c, bool ascii)
-    : Node(control, arymem, s1, s2, c), _adr_type(adr_type), _ascii(ascii) {}
+ public:
+  EncodeISOArrayNode(Node* control, Node* arymem, Node* s1, Node* s2, Node* c, bool ascii)
+    : Node(control, arymem, s1, s2, c), _ascii(ascii) {}
 
   bool is_ascii() { return _ascii; }
-  virtual int Opcode() const override;
-  virtual const Type* bottom_type() const override { return TypeInt::INT; }
-  virtual uint match_edge(uint idx) const override;
-  virtual uint ideal_reg() const override { return Op_RegI; }
-  virtual Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) override;
-  virtual const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const override;
+  virtual int Opcode() const;
+  virtual const Type* bottom_type() const { return TypeInt::INT; }
+  virtual const TypePtr* adr_type() const { return TypePtr::BOTTOM; }
+  virtual uint match_edge(uint idx) const;
+  virtual uint ideal_reg() const { return Op_RegI; }
+  virtual Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape);
+  virtual const Type* Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const;
+  virtual uint size_of() const { return sizeof(EncodeISOArrayNode); }
+  virtual uint hash() const { return Node::hash() + _ascii; }
+  virtual bool cmp(const Node& n) const {
+    return Node::cmp(n) && _ascii == ((EncodeISOArrayNode&)n).is_ascii();
+  }
 
 private:
-  virtual uint size_of() const override { return sizeof(EncodeISOArrayNode); }
-  virtual uint hash() const override { return Node::hash() + (uint)(uintptr_t) _adr_type + _ascii; }
-  virtual bool cmp(const Node& n) const override {
-    const EncodeISOArrayNode& e = static_cast<const EncodeISOArrayNode&>(n);
-    return Node::cmp(n) && _ascii == e._ascii && _adr_type == e._adr_type;
-  }
-  virtual const TypePtr* adr_type() const override { return _adr_type; }
-  virtual bool depends_only_on_test_impl() const override { return false; }
+  virtual bool depends_only_on_test_impl() const { return false; }
 };
 
 //-------------------------------DigitNode----------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
index ddd59936f4d..36d69f18041 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
@@ -1162,7 +1162,7 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_array_equals(StrIntrinsicNode::ArgEnc ae) {
   Node* arg2 = argument(1);
 
   const TypeAryPtr* mtype = (ae == StrIntrinsicNode::UU) ? TypeAryPtr::CHARS : TypeAryPtr::BYTES;
-  set_result(_gvn.transform(new AryEqNode(control(), memory(mtype), mtype, arg1, arg2, ae)));
+  set_result(_gvn.transform(new AryEqNode(control(), memory(mtype), arg1, arg2, ae)));
   clear_upper_avx();
 
   return true;
@@ -7247,14 +7247,11 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_encodeISOArray(bool ascii) {
   // 'src_start' points to src array + scaled offset
   // 'dst_start' points to dst array + scaled offset
 
-  // See GraphKit::compress_string
-  const TypePtr* adr_type;
-  Node* mem = capture_memory(adr_type, src_type, dst_type);
-  Node* enc = new EncodeISOArrayNode(control(), mem, adr_type, src_start, dst_start, length, ascii);
+  const TypeAryPtr* mtype = TypeAryPtr::BYTES;
+  Node* enc = new EncodeISOArrayNode(control(), memory(mtype), src_start, dst_start, length, ascii);
   enc = _gvn.transform(enc);
   Node* res_mem = _gvn.transform(new SCMemProjNode(enc));
-  memory_effect(res_mem, src_type, dst_type);
-
+  set_memory(res_mem, mtype);
   set_result(enc);
   clear_upper_avx();
 
@@ -7733,8 +7730,7 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_vectorizedHashCode() {
   // Resolve address of first element
   Node* array_start = array_element_address(array, offset, bt);
 
-  const TypeAryPtr* in_adr_type = TypeAryPtr::get_array_body_type(bt);
-  set_result(_gvn.transform(new VectorizedHashCodeNode(control(), memory(in_adr_type), in_adr_type,
+  set_result(_gvn.transform(new VectorizedHashCodeNode(control(), memory(TypeAryPtr::get_array_body_type(bt)),
     array_start, length, initialValue, basic_type)));
   clear_upper_avx();
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/string/TestAntiDependency.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/string/TestAntiDependency.java
deleted file mode 100644
index c48b24f7c56..00000000000
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/string/TestAntiDependency.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,128 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
- *
- * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
- * accompanied this code).
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
- * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *
- * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
- * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
- * questions.
- */
-
-package compiler.intrinsics.string;
-
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.DontInline;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.Run;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.Test;
-import compiler.lib.ir_framework.TestFramework;
-
-import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
-import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
-import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
-
-import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
-
-/*
- * @test
- * @bug 8373591
- * @summary Verify that StringLatin1::inflate, StringUTF16::compress, and
- *          StringCoding::implEncodeAsciiArray are scheduled properly
- * @library /test/lib /
- * @modules java.base/java.lang:+open
- * @run driver ${test.main.class}
- */
-public class TestAntiDependency {
-    static final MethodHandle COMPRESS_HANDLE;
-    static final MethodHandle INFLATE_HANDLE;
-    static final MethodHandle ENCODE_ISO_HANDLE;
-    static {
-        try {
-            var currentLookup = MethodHandles.lookup();
-            var stringLookup = MethodHandles.privateLookupIn(String.class, currentLookup);
-            Class<?> stringUtf16Class = stringLookup.findClass("java.lang.StringUTF16");
-            var stringUtf16Lookup = MethodHandles.privateLookupIn(stringUtf16Class, currentLookup);
-            COMPRESS_HANDLE = stringUtf16Lookup.findStatic(stringUtf16Class, "compress0",
-                    MethodType.methodType(int.class, char[].class, int.class, byte[].class, int.class, int.class));
-            Class<?> stringLatin1Class = stringLookup.findClass("java.lang.StringLatin1");
-            var stringLatin1Lookup = MethodHandles.privateLookupIn(stringLatin1Class, currentLookup);
-            INFLATE_HANDLE = stringLatin1Lookup.findStatic(stringLatin1Class, "inflate0",
-                    MethodType.methodType(void.class, byte[].class, int.class, char[].class, int.class, int.class));
-            Class<?> stringCodingClass = stringLookup.findClass("java.lang.StringCoding");
-            ENCODE_ISO_HANDLE = stringLookup.findStatic(stringCodingClass, "encodeAsciiArray0",
-                    MethodType.methodType(int.class, char[].class, int.class, byte[].class, int.class, int.class));
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            throw new RuntimeException(e);
-        }
-    }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) {
-        var testFramework = new TestFramework();
-        testFramework.setDefaultWarmup(1);
-        testFramework.addFlags("--add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED");
-        testFramework.start();
-    }
-
-    @DontInline
-    static void consume(Object o1, Object o2) {}
-
-    @Test
-    static int testStringCompress() throws Throwable {
-        byte[] dst = new byte[4];
-        char[] src = new char[4];
-        consume(dst, src);
-
-        // The compiler must not schedule this after the store to src, either by having
-        // StringCompressedCopyNode kill the whole memory, or by taking into consideration the
-        // anti-dependency between 2 nodes
-        int _ = (int) COMPRESS_HANDLE.invokeExact(src, 0, dst, 0, 4);
-        src[0] = 1;
-        return dst[0];
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    static int testStringInflate() throws Throwable {
-        char[] dst = new char[4];
-        byte[] src = new byte[4];
-        consume(dst, src);
-
-        // The compiler must not schedule this after the store to src, either by having
-        // StringInflatedCopyNode kill the whole memory, or by taking into consideration the
-        // anti-dependency between 2 nodes
-        INFLATE_HANDLE.invokeExact(src, 0, dst, 0, 4);
-        src[0] = 1;
-        return dst[0];
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    static int testEncodeISO() throws Throwable {
-        byte[] dst = new byte[4];
-        char[] src = new char[4];
-        consume(dst, src);
-
-        // The compiler must not schedule this after the store to src, either by having
-        // EncodeISOArrayNode kill the whole memory, or by taking into consideration the
-        // anti-dependency between 2 nodes
-        int _ = (int) ENCODE_ISO_HANDLE.invokeExact(src, 0, dst, 0, 4);
-        src[0] = 1;
-        return dst[0];
-    }
-
-    @Run(test = {"testStringCompress", "testStringInflate", "testEncodeISO"})
-    public void run() throws Throwable {
-        Asserts.assertEQ(0, testStringCompress());
-        Asserts.assertEQ(0, testStringInflate());
-        Asserts.assertEQ(0, testEncodeISO());
-    }
-}

From aa7e2c6ba9c5c97207a90636dea126521ac5c0d3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vladimir Petko <vpetko@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 2026 06:55:07 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 615/707] 8390432: Zero i386 build broken after JDK-8389219

Reviewed-by: shade
---
 src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahArguments.cpp | 2 ++
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahArguments.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahArguments.cpp
index e14c9201c38..351f412ce75 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahArguments.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahArguments.cpp
@@ -198,6 +198,7 @@ void ShenandoahArguments::initialize() {
         ShenandoahAllocRateSampleWindow));
   }
 
+#ifdef _LP64
   if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
     // Flat atomic payloads may contain embedded oops. Current Valhalla code does not handle
     // it well, missing the GC barriers. As the temporary kludge, disable compressed oops:
@@ -206,6 +207,7 @@ void ShenandoahArguments::initialize() {
     log_warning(gc)("Shenandoah disables compressed oops to avoid breaking with Valhalla");
     FLAG_SET_ERGO(UseCompressedOops, false);
   }
+#endif
 
   FullGCForwarding::initialize_flags(MaxHeapSize);
 }

From efb9d9f92f8ab103d62cf3a12b8cd47bcfc39e2e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Lijuan Li <lilijuan@iscas.ac.cn>
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 2026 07:16:33 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 616/707] 8390044: RISC-V: Support vector integer division

Reviewed-by: fyang, dzhang
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad              | 36 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../compiler/c2/cr7200264/TestIntVect.java    | 10 +++---
 .../compiler/vectorapi/VectorDivTest.java     | 27 +++++++-------
 3 files changed, 56 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad
index ca77e6ba341..ef0ce89133e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv_v.ad
@@ -1580,6 +1580,42 @@ instruct vnotL_masked(vReg dst_src, immI_M1 m1, vRegMask_V0 v0) %{
   ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
 %}
 
+// vector integer div
+
+instruct vdiv(vReg dst, vReg src1, vReg src2) %{
+  match(Set dst (DivVB src1 src2));
+  match(Set dst (DivVS src1 src2));
+  match(Set dst (DivVI src1 src2));
+  match(Set dst (DivVL src1 src2));
+  format %{ "vdiv $dst, $src1, $src2" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    BasicType bt = Matcher::vector_element_basic_type(this);
+    __ vsetvli_helper(bt, Matcher::vector_length(this));
+    __ vdiv_vv(as_VectorRegister($dst$$reg),
+               as_VectorRegister($src1$$reg),
+               as_VectorRegister($src2$$reg));
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
+// vector integer div - predicated
+
+instruct vdiv_masked(vReg dst_src1, vReg src2, vRegMask_V0 v0) %{
+  match(Set dst_src1 (DivVB (Binary dst_src1 src2) v0));
+  match(Set dst_src1 (DivVS (Binary dst_src1 src2) v0));
+  match(Set dst_src1 (DivVI (Binary dst_src1 src2) v0));
+  match(Set dst_src1 (DivVL (Binary dst_src1 src2) v0));
+  format %{ "vdiv_masked $dst_src1, $dst_src1, $src2, $v0" %}
+  ins_encode %{
+    BasicType bt = Matcher::vector_element_basic_type(this);
+    __ vsetvli_helper(bt, Matcher::vector_length(this));
+    __ vdiv_vv(as_VectorRegister($dst_src1$$reg),
+               as_VectorRegister($dst_src1$$reg),
+               as_VectorRegister($src2$$reg), Assembler::v0_t);
+  %}
+  ins_pipe(pipe_slow);
+%}
+
 // vector float div
 
 instruct vdiv_hfp(vReg dst, vReg src1, vReg src2) %{
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/cr7200264/TestIntVect.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/cr7200264/TestIntVect.java
index 8bf8c9846ec..53f6b28906b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/cr7200264/TestIntVect.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/cr7200264/TestIntVect.java
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /**
  * @test
- * @bug 7200264
+ * @bug 7200264 8390044
  * @summary 7192963 changes disabled shift vectors
  * @library /test/lib /
  * @run driver compiler.c2.cr7200264.TestIntVect
@@ -555,16 +555,16 @@ void test_divc_n(int[] a0, int[] a1) {
         }
     }
 
-    // Not vectorized: On AArch64 SVE, vectorization for this example results in
-    // DivVI nodes.
+    // Vectorization for this example results in DivVI nodes on AArch64 SVE and
+    // RISC-V RVV.
     @Test
     @IR(counts = { IRNode.LOAD_VECTOR_I, "> 0",
                    IRNode.STORE_VECTOR,  "> 0",
                    IRNode.DIV_VI,        "> 0" },
-        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve", "true"})
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"sve", "true", "rvv", "true"})
     @IR(counts = { IRNode.LOAD_VECTOR_I, "= 0",
                    IRNode.STORE_VECTOR,  "= 0" },
-        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve", "false"})
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"sve", "false", "rvv", "false"})
     void test_divv(int[] a0, int[] a1, int b) {
         for (int i = 0; i < a0.length; i+=1) {
             a0[i] = (int)(a1[i]/b);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorDivTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorDivTest.java
index cfa51b9434c..94c995f3f68 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorDivTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/VectorDivTest.java
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 8387594
+ * @bug 8387594 8390044
  * @key randomness
  * @library /test/lib /
  * @summary IR tests for Vector API lanewise DIV
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ public class VectorDivTest {
 
     @Test
     @IR(counts = { IRNode.DIV_VB, ">= 1" },
-        applyIfCPUFeature = { "sve", "true" })
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = { "sve", "true", "rvv", "true" })
     public static void testDivByte() {
         ByteVector va = ByteVector.fromArray(B_SPECIES, ba, 0);
         ByteVector vb = ByteVector.fromArray(B_SPECIES, bb, 0);
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ public static void testDivByte() {
 
     @Test
     @IR(counts = { IRNode.DIV_VS, ">= 1" },
-        applyIfCPUFeature = { "sve", "true" })
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = { "sve", "true", "rvv", "true" })
     public static void testDivShort() {
         ShortVector va = ShortVector.fromArray(S_SPECIES, sa, 0);
         ShortVector vb = ShortVector.fromArray(S_SPECIES, sb, 0);
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ public static void testDivShort() {
 
     @Test
     @IR(counts = { IRNode.DIV_VI, ">= 1" },
-        applyIfCPUFeature = { "sve", "true" })
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = { "sve", "true", "rvv", "true" })
     public static void testDivInt() {
         IntVector va = IntVector.fromArray(I_SPECIES, ia, 0);
         IntVector vb = IntVector.fromArray(I_SPECIES, ib, 0);
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ public static void testDivInt() {
 
     @Test
     @IR(counts = { IRNode.DIV_VL, ">= 1" },
-        applyIfCPUFeature = { "sve", "true" })
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = { "sve", "true", "rvv", "true" })
     public static void testDivLong() {
         LongVector va = LongVector.fromArray(L_SPECIES, la, 0);
         LongVector vb = LongVector.fromArray(L_SPECIES, lb, 0);
@@ -165,11 +165,13 @@ public static void testDivDouble() {
 
     // Masked lanewise DIV. On AArch64, BYTE/SHORT have no native predicated
     // divide, so they are lowered to an unpredicated divide combined with a
-    // VectorBlend.
+    // VectorBlend. RVV has native predicated integer division for all element
+    // sizes.
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.DIV_VB, ">= 1",
-                   IRNode.VECTOR_BLEND_B, ">= 1" },
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.DIV_VB, ">= 1" },
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = { "sve", "true", "rvv", "true" })
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_BLEND_B, ">= 1" },
         applyIfCPUFeature = { "sve", "true" })
     public static void testMaskedDivByte() {
         VectorMask<Byte> mask = VectorMask.fromArray(B_SPECIES, mask_arr, 0);
@@ -179,8 +181,9 @@ public static void testMaskedDivByte() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(counts = { IRNode.DIV_VS, ">= 1",
-                   IRNode.VECTOR_BLEND_S, ">= 1" },
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.DIV_VS, ">= 1" },
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = { "sve", "true", "rvv", "true" })
+    @IR(counts = { IRNode.VECTOR_BLEND_S, ">= 1" },
         applyIfCPUFeature = { "sve", "true" })
     public static void testMaskedDivShort() {
         VectorMask<Short> mask = VectorMask.fromArray(S_SPECIES, mask_arr, 0);
@@ -191,7 +194,7 @@ public static void testMaskedDivShort() {
 
     @Test
     @IR(counts = { IRNode.DIV_VI, ">= 1" },
-        applyIfCPUFeature = { "sve", "true" })
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = { "sve", "true", "rvv", "true" })
     public static void testMaskedDivInt() {
         VectorMask<Integer> mask = VectorMask.fromArray(I_SPECIES, mask_arr, 0);
         IntVector va = IntVector.fromArray(I_SPECIES, ia, 0);
@@ -201,7 +204,7 @@ public static void testMaskedDivInt() {
 
     @Test
     @IR(counts = { IRNode.DIV_VL, ">= 1" },
-        applyIfCPUFeature = { "sve", "true" })
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = { "sve", "true", "rvv", "true" })
     public static void testMaskedDivLong() {
         VectorMask<Long> mask = VectorMask.fromArray(L_SPECIES, mask_arr, 0);
         LongVector va = LongVector.fromArray(L_SPECIES, la, 0);

From 90f142d65372d2d0f0460b790404dda297336972 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Skantz <dskantz@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 2026 07:51:31 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 617/707] 8387014: C2: stringopts produces
 NegativeArraySizeException instead of OOM for UTF-16 overflow

Reviewed-by: thartmann, qamai
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/stringopts.cpp         |   6 +-
 .../TestStackedConcatsManyUTF16Overflow.java  | 112 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 115 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStackedConcatsManyUTF16Overflow.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/stringopts.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/stringopts.cpp
index 5437f4e9a68..e79fa522051 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/stringopts.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/stringopts.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2009, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2009, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -2060,9 +2060,9 @@ void PhaseStringOpts::replace_string_concat(StringConcat* sc) {
         ShouldNotReachHere();
     }
     if (argi > 0) {
-      // Check that the sum hasn't overflowed
+      // Check that the sum won't overflow the destination byte array.
       IfNode* iff = kit.create_and_map_if(kit.control(),
-                                          __ Bool(__ CmpI(length, __ intcon(0)), BoolTest::lt),
+                                          __ Bool(_gvn->transform(new CmpUNode(length, __ RShiftI(__ intcon(max_jint), coder))), BoolTest::gt),
                                           PROB_MIN, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
       kit.set_control(__ IfFalse(iff));
       overflow->set_req(argi, __ IfTrue(iff));
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStackedConcatsManyUTF16Overflow.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStackedConcatsManyUTF16Overflow.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1c9bdf153e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStackedConcatsManyUTF16Overflow.java
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8387014
+ * @summary Test that UTF-16 string concat overflow does not produce a negative size backing array
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled & os.maxMemory > 4G
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run main/othervm -Xmx4g -XX:-OptoScheduling ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xmx4g -Xint ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xmx4g -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xcomp -XX:-OptoScheduling
+ *                   -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::f
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+// The test uses -XX:-OptoScheduling to avoid the assert "too many D-U pinch points" on aarch64 (JDK-8328078).
+
+package compiler.stringopts;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestStackedConcatsManyUTF16Overflow {
+
+    public static void main (String... args) {
+        new StringBuilder(); // Trigger loading of the StringBuilder class.
+        try {
+            String s = f();
+            String z = "🙂";
+            for (int i = 0; i < 29; i++) {
+                z = z + z;
+            }
+            Asserts.assertEQ(s, z);
+        } catch (OutOfMemoryError e) {
+          Asserts.assertTrue(e.getMessage().equals("Required array length 1073741824 + 1073741824 is too large"));
+          // Specifically, we should not get "`main' threw exception: java.lang.NegativeArraySizeException: -2147483648"
+          return;
+        }
+        throw new RuntimeException("Unreachable.");
+    }
+
+    static String f() {
+
+        String s = "🙂"; // length() 2 UTF-16 string
+
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+
+        s = new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).toString();
+
+        return s;
+    }
+}

From 45f3ef3ce2f9aa1bc54359c92bfd267a4f5b26a8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Johan=20Sj=C3=B6len?= <jsjolen@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 2026 09:47:04 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 618/707] 8389576: Test
 resourcehogs/runtime/ValueTearingTest.java fails due to
 ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException on many-core machines

Reviewed-by: cnorrbin, haosun
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/resourcehogs/runtime/ValueTearingTest.java | 3 +--
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/resourcehogs/runtime/ValueTearingTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/resourcehogs/runtime/ValueTearingTest.java
index 95952b2cf99..774d46fd672 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/resourcehogs/runtime/ValueTearingTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/resourcehogs/runtime/ValueTearingTest.java
@@ -122,8 +122,7 @@ static class Scenario {
       static final int BATCH_SIZE = 10_000;
 
       static int incrementIndex(int idx, int n) {
-          idx += INCREMENTS[n];
-          if (idx >= N_PRECOMPUTED) idx -= N_PRECOMPUTED;
+          idx = (idx + INCREMENTS[n]) % N_PRECOMPUTED;
           return idx;
       }
 

From a158131e0f2b5d9e320bf991171e0c3da1001b1f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 2026 12:07:32 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 619/707] 8389096: Multiple hangs trying to execute GC with
 GCALotAtAllSafepoints and ScavengeALot

Reviewed-by: iwalulya, ayang, aboldtch
---
 .../share/runtime/interfaceSupport.cpp        |  11 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp      |   4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.hpp      |   4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutex.cpp           |  12 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutex.hpp           |   2 +-
 .../jtreg/gc/TestGCALotAtAllSafepoints.java   | 110 ++++++++++++++++++
 6 files changed, 132 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestGCALotAtAllSafepoints.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/interfaceSupport.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/interfaceSupport.cpp
index 6ccf63b4c5e..2b8d87cbf57 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/interfaceSupport.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/interfaceSupport.cpp
@@ -85,10 +85,17 @@ unsigned int InterfaceSupport::_fullgc_alot_counter   = 1;
 intx InterfaceSupport::_fullgc_alot_invocation = 0;
 
 void InterfaceSupport::gc_alot() {
-  Thread *thread = Thread::current();
+  Thread* thread = Thread::current();
   if (!thread->is_Java_thread()) return; // Avoid concurrent calls
+  JavaThread* current_thread = JavaThread::cast(thread);
+  // Do not request a GC in a critical section: garbage collectors in this state
+  // cannot complete a GC until all threads have left the JNI critical sections,
+  // and threads cannot leave while they are waiting for GC, thus deadlocking.
+  if (current_thread->in_critical()) return;
+  // A GC would try to acquire Heap_lock in the prologue. Do not try to acquire the
+  // lock recursively as this would cause a hang.
+  if (Heap_lock->owned_by_self()) return;
   // Check for new, not quite initialized thread. A thread in new mode cannot initiate a GC.
-  JavaThread *current_thread = JavaThread::cast(thread);
   if (current_thread->active_handles() == nullptr) return;
 
   // Short-circuit any possible re-entrant gc-a-lot attempt
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp
index c0877c47036..8e5fde069c6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ void JavaThread::check_possible_safepoint() {
 #endif // CHECK_UNHANDLED_OOPS
 }
 
-void JavaThread::check_for_valid_safepoint_state() {
+void JavaThread::check_for_valid_safepoint_state(bool allow_gcalot) {
   // Don't complain if running a debugging command.
   if (DebuggingContext::is_enabled()) return;
 
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ void JavaThread::check_for_valid_safepoint_state() {
     fatal("LEAF method calling lock?");
   }
 
-  if (GCALotAtAllSafepoints) {
+  if (GCALotAtAllSafepoints && allow_gcalot) {
     // We could enter a safepoint here and thus have a gc
     InterfaceSupport::check_gc_alot();
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.hpp
index 698f64dd97e..b08a4e6da00 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.hpp
@@ -284,8 +284,8 @@ class JavaThread: public Thread {
  public:
   // These functions check conditions before possibly going to a safepoint.
   // including NoSafepointVerifier.
-  void check_for_valid_safepoint_state() NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
-  void check_possible_safepoint()        NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
+  void check_for_valid_safepoint_state(bool allow_gcalot = true) NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
+  void check_possible_safepoint()                                NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
  private:
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutex.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutex.cpp
index 8e0c1d10e5c..9f3be83b3e0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutex.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutex.cpp
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ void Mutex::check_block_state(Thread* thread) {
          "locking not allowed when crash protection is set");
 }
 
-void Mutex::check_safepoint_state(Thread* thread) {
+void Mutex::check_safepoint_state(Thread* thread, bool allow_gcalot) {
   check_block_state(thread);
 
   // If the lock acquisition checks for safepoint, verify that the lock was created with rank that
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ void Mutex::check_safepoint_state(Thread* thread) {
 
   if (thread->is_active_Java_thread()) {
     // Also check NoSafepointVerifier, and thread state is _thread_in_vm
-    JavaThread::cast(thread)->check_for_valid_safepoint_state();
+    JavaThread::cast(thread)->check_for_valid_safepoint_state(allow_gcalot);
   }
 }
 
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ void Mutex::lock_contended(Thread* self) {
 void Mutex::lock(Thread* self) {
   assert(owner() != self, "invariant");
 
-  check_safepoint_state(self);
+  check_safepoint_state(self, true /* allow_gcalot */);
   check_rank(self);
 
   OrderAccess::fence();
@@ -245,7 +245,11 @@ bool Monitor::wait(uint64_t timeout) {
   set_owner(nullptr);
 
   // Check safepoint state after resetting owner and possible NSV.
-  check_safepoint_state(self);
+  // Although the (HotSpot) monitor is logically released, the underlying
+  // OS monitor is still held. If this is the Heap_lock we would
+  // deadlock in the GC prologue trying to acquire the lock recursively.
+  // Suppress GC-a-lot in that case.
+  check_safepoint_state(self, this != Heap_lock);
 
   int wait_status;
   InFlightMutexRelease ifmr(this);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutex.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutex.hpp
index 4d30a320cbf..e497fbb3458 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutex.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutex.hpp
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ class Mutex : public CHeapObj<mtSynchronizer> {
  protected:
   void set_owner_implementation(Thread* owner)                        NOT_DEBUG({ raw_set_owner(owner);});
   void check_block_state       (Thread* thread)                       NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
-  void check_safepoint_state   (Thread* thread)                       NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
+  void check_safepoint_state   (Thread* thread, bool allow_gcalot)    NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
   void check_no_safepoint_state(Thread* thread)                       NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
   void check_rank              (Thread* thread)                       NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
   void assert_owner            (Thread* expected)                     NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestGCALotAtAllSafepoints.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestGCALotAtAllSafepoints.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..76a0482322a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestGCALotAtAllSafepoints.java
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package gc;
+
+/**
+ * @test id=Serial
+ * @bug 8389096
+ * @summary Verify that -XX:GCALotAtAllSafepoints and -XX:+ScavengeALot do not hang the VM.
+ * @comment GCALotAtAllSafepoints and ScavengeALot cause garbage collections at many places in the VM. These
+ *          garbage collection should not cause hangs.
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @requires vm.debug
+ * @requires vm.gc.Serial
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run driver/timeout=60 gc.TestGCALotAtAllSafepoints -XX:+UseSerialGC
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test id=Parallel
+ * @bug 8389096
+ * @summary Verify that -XX:GCALotAtAllSafepoints and -XX:+ScavengeALot do not hang the VM.
+ * @comment GCALotAtAllSafepoints and ScavengeALot cause garbage collections at many places in the VM. These
+ *          garbage collection should not cause hangs.
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @requires vm.debug
+ * @requires vm.gc.Parallel
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run driver/timeout=60 gc.TestGCALotAtAllSafepoints -XX:+UseParallelGC
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test id=G1
+ * @bug 8389096
+ * @summary Verify that -XX:GCALotAtAllSafepoints and -XX:+ScavengeALot do not hang the VM.
+ * @comment GCALotAtAllSafepoints and ScavengeALot cause garbage collections at many places in the VM. These
+ *          garbage collection should not cause hangs.
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @requires vm.debug
+ * @requires vm.gc.G1
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run driver/timeout=60 gc.TestGCALotAtAllSafepoints -XX:+UseG1GC
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test id=Z
+ * @bug 8389096
+ * @summary Verify that -XX:GCALotAtAllSafepoints and -XX:+ScavengeALot do not hang the VM.
+ * @comment GCALotAtAllSafepoints and ScavengeALot cause garbage collections at many places in the VM. These
+ *          garbage collection should not cause hangs.
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @requires vm.debug
+ * @requires vm.gc.Z
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run driver/timeout=60 gc.TestGCALotAtAllSafepoints -XX:+UseZGC
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test id=Shenandoah
+ * @bug 8389096
+ * @summary Verify that -XX:GCALotAtAllSafepoints and -XX:+ScavengeALot do not hang the VM.
+ * @comment GCALotAtAllSafepoints and ScavengeALot cause garbage collections at many places in the VM. These
+ *          garbage collection should not cause hangs.
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @requires vm.debug
+ * @requires vm.gc.Shenandoah
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run driver/timeout=60 gc.TestGCALotAtAllSafepoints -XX:+UseShenandoahGC
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+
+public class TestGCALotAtAllSafepoints {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        ProcessBuilder pb = ProcessTools.createLimitedTestJavaProcessBuilder(args[0],
+                                                                             "-Xmx16m",
+                                                                             "-XX:+GCALotAtAllSafepoints",
+                                                                             "-XX:+ScavengeALot",
+                                                                             "NoSuchClass");
+        OutputAnalyzer output = new OutputAnalyzer(pb.start());
+        output.shouldMatch("Error: Could not find or load main class NoSuchClass");
+        output.shouldHaveExitValue(1);
+    }
+}

From 03f94c677d1310dbf38f4e54c9a017a35c310d8d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Casper Norrbin <cnorrbin@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 2026 12:37:26 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 620/707] 8383567: VM.class_print_layout should use external
 class names

Reviewed-by: kevinw, fparain
---
 src/hotspot/share/memory/heapInspection.cpp      | 16 ++++++++++++----
 .../inlinetypes/ClassPrintLayoutDcmd.java        |  8 ++++----
 2 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/memory/heapInspection.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/memory/heapInspection.cpp
index 8fc06c25355..82a4a369a5f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/memory/heapInspection.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/memory/heapInspection.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -597,7 +597,15 @@ void ClassPrintLayout::class_print_layout(outputStream* st, char* class_name) {
     return;
   }
 
-  Symbol* classname = SymbolTable::probe(class_name, (int)strlen(class_name));
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  char* normalized_name = ResourceArea::strdup(class_name);
+  for (char* p = normalized_name; *p != '\0'; p++) {
+    if (*p == JVM_SIGNATURE_DOT) {
+      *p = JVM_SIGNATURE_SLASH;
+    }
+  }
+
+  Symbol* classname = SymbolTable::probe(normalized_name, (int)strlen(normalized_name));
 
   GrowableArray<Klass*>* klasses = new (mtServiceability) GrowableArray<Klass*>(100, mtServiceability);
 
@@ -608,9 +616,9 @@ void ClassPrintLayout::class_print_layout(outputStream* st, char* class_name) {
     Klass* klass = klasses->at(i);
     if (!klass->is_instance_klass()) continue;  // Skip
     InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(klass);
-    st->print_cr("Class %s [@%s]:", klass->name()->as_C_string(),
-        klass->class_loader_data()->loader_name());
     ResourceMark rm;
+    st->print_cr("Class %s [@%s]:", klass->external_name(),
+                 klass->class_loader_data()->loader_name());
     GrowableArray<FieldDesc>* fields = new (mtServiceability) GrowableArray<FieldDesc>(100, mtServiceability);
     for (AllFieldStream fd(ik); !fd.done(); fd.next()) {
       if (!fd.access_flags().is_static()) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ClassPrintLayoutDcmd.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ClassPrintLayoutDcmd.java
index afbe6e2182f..e792fea3422 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ClassPrintLayoutDcmd.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ClassPrintLayoutDcmd.java
@@ -81,10 +81,10 @@ static void testCmd(String arg, int expectExitCode, String... expectStrings) thr
     }
 
     public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
-        testCmd("foo/bar", 0, "");
+        testCmd("foo.bar", 0, "");
         testCmd("", 1, "IllegalArgumentException", "mandatory");
-        testCmd("java/lang/Object", 0, "java/lang/Object", "@bootstrap");
-        testCmd("java/lang/Class", 0, "java/lang/Class", "@bootstrap");
-        testCmd("runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/ClassPrintLayoutDcmd$Line", 0, "@app", "p1", "p2");
+        testCmd("java.lang.Object", 0, "java.lang.Object", "@bootstrap");
+        testCmd("java.lang.Class", 0, "java.lang.Class", "@bootstrap");
+        testCmd("runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.ClassPrintLayoutDcmd$Line", 0, "@app", "p1", "p2");
     }
 }

From 6994a51e9c3730c68da9f6d46e092b66c37b3186 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vladimir Kozlov <kvn@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 2026 13:33:07 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 621/707] 8390591: Add regression test for JDK-8390590

Co-authored-by: Lorenzo Dematte <[lorenzo.dematte@protonmail.com](mailto:lorenzo.dematte@protonmail.com)>
Co-authored-by: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: dlong, vlivanov, thartmann
---
 .../intrinsics/string/TestEncodeISOArray.java | 156 ++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 156 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/string/TestEncodeISOArray.java

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/string/TestEncodeISOArray.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/string/TestEncodeISOArray.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cb2b37b75bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/string/TestEncodeISOArray.java
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8390546
+ * @summary Verify that the memory effect of the encodeISOArray intrinsic is correctly wired in.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @modules java.base/java.lang:+open java.base/sun.nio.cs:+open
+ * @run main compiler.intrinsics.string.TestEncodeISOArray
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:CompileThreshold=100
+ *                   -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:UseAVX=0 -XX:-UseSSE42Intrinsics
+ *                   compiler.intrinsics.string.TestEncodeISOArray
+ */
+
+package compiler.intrinsics.string;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.ByteOrder;
+import java.nio.CharBuffer;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+public class TestEncodeISOArray {
+    private static final int ITERATIONS = 20_000;
+    private static final int FIRST_BYTE = 'C';
+    private static final char[] SOURCE = "C2 go brrr".toCharArray();
+    private static final byte[] UTF16_SOURCE = toUTF16Bytes(SOURCE);
+    private static final byte[] EXPECTED = "C2 go brrr".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+    private static final MethodType ENCODE_TYPE = MethodType.methodType(int.class, char[].class, int.class, byte[].class, int.class, int.class);
+    private static final MethodType ENCODE_BYTE_TYPE = MethodType.methodType(int.class, byte[].class, int.class, byte[].class, int.class, int.class);
+    private static final MethodHandle ENCODE_ASCII_ARRAY = findEncoder("java.lang.StringCoding", "encodeAsciiArray0", ENCODE_TYPE);
+    private static final MethodHandle ENCODE_ISO_ARRAY = findEncoder("sun.nio.cs.ISO_8859_1$Encoder", "encodeISOArray0", ENCODE_TYPE);
+    private static final MethodHandle ENCODE_BYTE_ISO_ARRAY = findEncoder("java.lang.StringCoding", "encodeISOArray0", ENCODE_BYTE_TYPE);
+
+    private static byte[] toUTF16Bytes(char[] chars) {
+        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(chars.length * Character.BYTES).order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
+        for (char c : chars) {
+            buffer.putChar(c);
+        }
+        return buffer.array();
+    }
+
+    private static MethodHandle findEncoder(String className, String methodName, MethodType type) {
+        try {
+            Class<?> holder = Class.forName(className);
+            MethodHandles.Lookup lookup = MethodHandles.privateLookupIn(holder, MethodHandles.lookup());
+            return lookup.findStatic(holder, methodName, type);
+        } catch (ReflectiveOperationException e) {
+            throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Original reproducer from JDK-8390546
+    private static byte[] toUtf8Bytes(char[] chars) {
+        ByteBuffer byteBuffer = StandardCharsets.UTF_8.encode(CharBuffer.wrap(chars));
+        return Arrays.copyOfRange(byteBuffer.array(), 0, byteBuffer.limit());
+    }
+
+    // Targeted check that does not depend on the UTF-8 encoder and arraycopy both being inlined.
+    private static int encodeASCIIAndLoadFirstByte() throws Throwable {
+        byte[] destination = new byte[4];
+        int encoded = (int) ENCODE_ASCII_ARRAY.invokeExact(SOURCE, 0, destination, 0, 4);
+        if (encoded != 4) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+        return destination[0];
+    }
+
+    private static int encodeISOAndLoadFirstByte() throws Throwable {
+        byte[] destination = new byte[4];
+        int encoded = (int) ENCODE_ISO_ARRAY.invokeExact(SOURCE, 0, destination, 0, 4);
+        if (encoded != 4) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+        return destination[0];
+    }
+
+    private static int encodeByteISOAndLoadFirstByte() throws Throwable {
+        byte[] destination = new byte[4];
+        int encoded = (int) ENCODE_BYTE_ISO_ARRAY.invokeExact(UTF16_SOURCE, 0, destination, 0, 4);
+        if (encoded != 4) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+        return destination[0];
+    }
+
+    private static boolean runOriginalReproducer() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < ITERATIONS; i++) {
+            if (!Arrays.equals(toUtf8Bytes(SOURCE), EXPECTED)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    private static boolean runASCIITest() throws Throwable {
+        for (int i = 0; i < ITERATIONS; i++) {
+            if (encodeASCIIAndLoadFirstByte() != FIRST_BYTE) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    private static boolean runISOTest() throws Throwable {
+        for (int i = 0; i < ITERATIONS; i++) {
+            if (encodeISOAndLoadFirstByte() != FIRST_BYTE) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    private static boolean runByteISOTest() throws Throwable {
+        for (int i = 0; i < ITERATIONS; i++) {
+            if (encodeByteISOAndLoadFirstByte() != FIRST_BYTE) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
+        Asserts.assertTrue(runOriginalReproducer(), "Original reproducer failed");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(runASCIITest(), "ASCII encoding failed");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(runISOTest(), "ISO-8859-1 encoding failed");
+        Asserts.assertTrue(runByteISOTest(), "Byte ISO-8859-1 encoding failed");
+    }
+}

From d36beadd0ee07421f3bf7c63c693bdf8233d95f7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Patricio Chilano Mateo <pchilanomate@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 2026 14:10:11 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 622/707] 8390480: Remove unnecessary check in ThawBase::patch

Reviewed-by: jsjolen, dholmes
---
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
index bfc5fa2b71e..8f847614f5c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
@@ -2633,14 +2633,14 @@ inline void ThawBase::patch(frame& f, const frame& caller, bool bottom) {
   if (bottom) {
     ContinuationHelper::Frame::patch_pc(caller, _cont.is_empty() ? caller.pc()
                                                                  : StubRoutines::cont_returnBarrier());
-  } else if (_should_patch_caller_pc || caller.is_compiled_frame()) {
+  } else if (_should_patch_caller_pc) {
     // Caller was deoptimized during thaw but we've overwritten the return address when copying f from the heap.
     // Also, on some platforms, if the caller is interpreted but the callee not we also need to patch.
 
 #if defined(PPC64) || defined(S390)
-    assert(!_should_patch_caller_pc || caller.is_deoptimized_frame() || caller.is_interpreted_frame(), "");
+    assert(caller.is_deoptimized_frame() || caller.is_interpreted_frame(), "");
 #else
-    assert(!_should_patch_caller_pc || caller.is_deoptimized_frame(), "");
+    assert(caller.is_deoptimized_frame(), "");
 #endif
 
     ContinuationHelper::Frame::patch_pc(caller, caller.raw_pc());

From 5da4e41da29be9d91a85b05ea43dad2311a16188 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Patricio Chilano Mateo <pchilanomate@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 2026 14:54:59 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 623/707] 8389310: Virtual thread can miss deoptimization when
 propagating exception

Reviewed-by: dlong, coleenp
---
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp   |   9 +-
 .../virtual/DeoptimizedMethodOnException.java | 155 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 163 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/java/lang/Thread/virtual/DeoptimizedMethodOnException.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
index bb773dc523b..aaf9c956ca0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/sharedRuntime.cpp
@@ -592,7 +592,14 @@ address SharedRuntime::raw_exception_handler_for_return_address(JavaThread* curr
     // native nmethods don't have exception handlers
     assert(!nm->is_native_method() || nm->method()->is_continuation_enter_intrinsic(), "no exception handler");
     assert(nm->header_begin() != nm->exception_begin(), "no exception handler");
-    if (nm->is_deopt_pc(return_address)) {
+    // For platform threads, checking the return pc already covers the case
+    // where only this compiled frame was deoptimized, as well as the case
+    // where the nmethod was marked for deoptimization. For virtual threads,
+    // we also need to check if the nmethod is marked for deoptimization because
+    // the return pc may not have been patched if the nmethod was deoptimized
+    // while the frame was frozen. Since this check is benign for platform
+    // threads, we do it unconditionally.
+    if (nm->is_deopt_pc(return_address) || nm->is_marked_for_deoptimization()) {
       // If we come here because of a stack overflow, the stack may be
       // unguarded. Reguard the stack otherwise if we return to the
       // deopt blob and the stack bang causes a stack overflow we
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/Thread/virtual/DeoptimizedMethodOnException.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/Thread/virtual/DeoptimizedMethodOnException.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3021ad105e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/Thread/virtual/DeoptimizedMethodOnException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=default
+ * @bug 8389310
+ * @summary Test exception propagation when caller nmethod is marked for deoptimization
+ * @requires vm.continuations
+ * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::bar DeoptimizedMethodOnException
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=Xcomp
+ * @bug 8389310
+ * @summary Test exception propagation when caller nmethod is marked for deoptimization
+ * @requires vm.continuations
+ * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::bar -Xcomp DeoptimizedMethodOnException
+ */
+
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class DeoptimizedMethodOnException {
+    private static CountDownLatch sync = new CountDownLatch(0);
+    private static A receiver = new A();
+    private static int resultInt;
+    private static String resultStr;
+
+    public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
+        warmUp();
+        Asserts.assertTrue(resultInt == 1, "resultInt=" + resultInt);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(resultStr.equals("MyExceptionWithExtraFields"), "resultStr=" + resultStr);
+
+        var started = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        Thread vthread = Thread.ofVirtual().unstarted(() -> {
+            started.countDown();
+            foo();
+         });
+
+        sync = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        vthread.start();
+        started.await();
+        // wait until vthread blocks in sync
+        await(vthread, Thread.State.WAITING);
+        receiver = new B();
+        sync.countDown();
+
+        vthread.join();
+        Asserts.assertTrue(resultInt == 3, "resultInt=" + resultInt);
+        Asserts.assertTrue(resultStr.equals("MyExceptionWithoutExtraFields"), "resultStr=" + resultStr);
+    }
+
+    public static void foo() {
+        try {
+            bar();
+        } catch (MyException e) {
+            resultInt = receiver.m();
+            String tmp = e.getExceptionName();
+            Asserts.assertTrue(tmp.length() > 0, "length=" + tmp.length());
+            resultStr = tmp;
+            return;
+        }
+        throw new RuntimeException("Should not reach here");
+    }
+
+    public static void bar() {
+        try {
+            sync.await();
+        } catch (InterruptedException ie) {}
+        receiver.throwException();
+    }
+
+    private static void warmUp() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 30_000; i++) {
+            foo();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Waits for the given thread to reach a given state.
+     */
+    private static void await(Thread thread, Thread.State expectedState) throws InterruptedException {
+        Thread.State state = thread.getState();
+        while (state != expectedState) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(state != Thread.State.TERMINATED, "Thread has terminated");
+            Thread.sleep(10);
+            state = thread.getState();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+abstract class MyException extends RuntimeException {
+    abstract String getExceptionName();
+}
+
+class MyExceptionWithExtraFields extends MyException {
+    Integer l1, l2, l3, l4, l5, l6, l7, l8, l9, l10, l11, l12, l13, l14, l15;
+    String exceptionName;
+    MyExceptionWithExtraFields() {
+        l1=1;l2=2;l3=3;l4=4;l5=5;l6=6;l7=7;l8=8;l9=9;l10=10;l11=11;l12=12;l13=13;l14=14;l15=15;
+        exceptionName = new String("MyExceptionWithExtraFields");
+    }
+    @Override
+    String getExceptionName() { return exceptionName; }
+}
+
+class MyExceptionWithoutExtraFields extends MyException {
+    String exceptionName;
+    MyExceptionWithoutExtraFields() {
+        exceptionName = new String("MyExceptionWithoutExtraFields");
+    }
+    @Override
+    String getExceptionName() { return exceptionName; }
+}
+
+class A {
+    int m() {
+        return 1;
+    }
+    void throwException() {
+        throw new MyExceptionWithExtraFields();
+    }
+}
+
+class B extends A {
+    int m() {
+        return 3;
+    }
+    void throwException() {
+        throw new MyExceptionWithoutExtraFields();
+    }
+}

From c1090a0f48db3dc16bfdd5473b9dc8e1b228109f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Coleen Phillimore <coleenp@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 2026 15:51:36 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 624/707] 8384600: Improve
 java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace

Reviewed-by: matsaave, dholmes
---
 src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.cpp   |   1 -
 .../share/classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.cpp | 251 +++++++-----------
 .../share/classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp |  16 --
 src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp      |  11 +
 src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.hpp      |   1 +
 src/hotspot/share/oops/typeArrayOop.hpp       |   5 +-
 .../share/oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp        |  23 +-
 .../ThrowableIntrospectionSegfault.java       |   4 +-
 .../RedefineRunningMethodsWithBacktrace.java  |  42 ++-
 test/jdk/com/sun/jdi/BacktraceFieldTest.java  |   8 +-
 10 files changed, 149 insertions(+), 213 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.cpp
index e3e9b0ee830..0c5b84e8bff 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaClasses.cpp
@@ -61,7 +61,6 @@
 #include "oops/symbol.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
-#include "prims/methodHandles.hpp"
 #include "prims/resolvedMethodTable.hpp"
 #include "runtime/continuationJavaClasses.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.cpp
index 00afb19ac3b..14c24c8f038 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include "classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
+#include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
 #include "code/debugInfo.hpp"
 #include "code/pcDesc.hpp"
@@ -40,8 +41,6 @@
 #include "oops/refArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/symbol.hpp"
 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
-#include "runtime/continuationEntry.inline.hpp"
-#include "runtime/continuationJavaClasses.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
@@ -49,55 +48,27 @@
 #include "runtime/safepointVerifiers.hpp"
 #include "runtime/vframe.inline.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
-#include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
 #include "utilities/preserveException.hpp"
 
-// Internal methods to compose bits of the backtrace in java_lang_Throwable
-class Backtrace: AllStatic {
- public:
-  // Helper backtrace functions to store bci|version together.
-  static int merge_bci_and_version(int bci, int version);
-  static int merge_mid_and_cpref(int mid, int cpref);
-  static int bci_at(unsigned int merged);
-  static int version_at(unsigned int merged);
-  static int mid_at(unsigned int merged);
-  static int cpref_at(unsigned int merged);
-  static int get_line_number(Method* method, int bci);
-  static Symbol* get_source_file_name(InstanceKlass* holder, int version);
-};
-
-
-inline int Backtrace::merge_bci_and_version(int bci, int version) {
-  // only store u2 for version, checking for overflow.
-  if (version > USHRT_MAX || version < 0) version = USHRT_MAX;
-  assert((u2)bci == bci, "bci should be short");
-  return build_int_from_shorts((u2)version, (u2)bci);
-}
+// Inline helper functions
 
-inline int Backtrace::merge_mid_and_cpref(int mid, int cpref) {
-  // only store u2 for mid and cpref, checking for overflow.
-  assert((u2)mid == mid, "mid should be short");
-  assert((u2)cpref == cpref, "cpref should be short");
-  return build_int_from_shorts((u2)cpref, (u2)mid);
+static inline int64_t merge_method_id_bci_and_version(u2 method_id, u2 bci, int version) {
+  return (int64_t)(((uint64_t)version << 32) | (uint32_t)build_int_from_shorts(method_id, bci));
 }
 
-inline int Backtrace::bci_at(unsigned int merged) {
-  return extract_high_short_from_int(merged);
+static inline int version_at(int64_t merged) {
+  return (int)((uint64_t)merged >> 32);
 }
 
-inline int Backtrace::version_at(unsigned int merged) {
-  return extract_low_short_from_int(merged);
+static inline int method_id_at(int64_t merged) {
+  return extract_low_short_from_int((uint32_t)merged);
 }
 
-inline int Backtrace::mid_at(unsigned int merged) {
-  return extract_high_short_from_int(merged);
+static inline int bci_at(int64_t merged) {
+  return extract_high_short_from_int((uint32_t)merged);
 }
 
-inline int Backtrace::cpref_at(unsigned int merged) {
-  return extract_low_short_from_int(merged);
-}
-
-inline int Backtrace::get_line_number(Method* method, int bci) {
+static inline int get_line_number(Method* method, int bci) {
   int line_number = 0;
   if (method->is_native()) {
     // Negative value different from -1 below, enabling Java code in
@@ -111,19 +82,6 @@ inline int Backtrace::get_line_number(Method* method, int bci) {
   return line_number;
 }
 
-inline Symbol* Backtrace::get_source_file_name(InstanceKlass* holder, int version) {
-  // RedefineClasses() currently permits redefine operations to
-  // happen in parallel using a "last one wins" philosophy. That
-  // spec laxness allows the constant pool entry associated with
-  // the source_file_name_index for any older constant pool version
-  // to be unstable so we shouldn't try to use it.
-  if (holder->constants()->version() != version) {
-    return nullptr;
-  } else {
-    return holder->source_file_name();
-  }
-}
-
 // java_lang_Throwable
 
 int java_lang_Throwable::_backtrace_offset;
@@ -216,9 +174,7 @@ void java_lang_Throwable::print(oop throwable, outputStream* st) {
   }
 }
 
-// After this many redefines, the stack trace is unreliable.
 static inline bool version_matches(Method* method, int version) {
-  assert(version < USHRT_MAX, "version is too big");
   return method != nullptr && (method->constants()->version() == version);
 }
 
@@ -232,79 +188,29 @@ class BacktraceBuilder: public StackObj {
  private:
   refArrayHandle  _backtrace;
   refArrayOop     _head;
-  typeArrayOop    _methods;
-  typeArrayOop    _bcis;
+  typeArrayOop    _methods_and_bcis;
   refArrayOop     _mirrors;
-  typeArrayOop    _names; // Needed to insulate method name against redefinition.
   // True if the top frame of the backtrace is omitted because it shall be hidden.
   bool            _has_hidden_top_frame;
   int             _index;
   NoSafepointVerifier _nsv;
 
-  enum {
-    trace_methods_offset = java_lang_Throwable::trace_methods_offset,
-    trace_bcis_offset    = java_lang_Throwable::trace_bcis_offset,
-    trace_mirrors_offset = java_lang_Throwable::trace_mirrors_offset,
-    trace_names_offset   = java_lang_Throwable::trace_names_offset,
-    trace_conts_offset   = java_lang_Throwable::trace_conts_offset,
-    trace_next_offset    = java_lang_Throwable::trace_next_offset,
-    trace_hidden_offset  = java_lang_Throwable::trace_hidden_offset,
-    trace_size           = java_lang_Throwable::trace_size,
-    trace_chunk_size     = java_lang_Throwable::trace_chunk_size
-  };
-
   // get info out of chunks
-  static typeArrayOop get_methods(refArrayHandle chunk) {
+  static typeArrayOop get_methods_and_bcis(refArrayHandle chunk) {
     typeArrayOop methods = typeArrayOop(chunk->obj_at(trace_methods_offset));
     assert(methods != nullptr, "method array should be initialized in backtrace");
     return methods;
   }
-  static typeArrayOop get_bcis(refArrayHandle chunk) {
-    typeArrayOop bcis = typeArrayOop(chunk->obj_at(trace_bcis_offset));
-    assert(bcis != nullptr, "bci array should be initialized in backtrace");
-    return bcis;
-  }
   static refArrayOop get_mirrors(refArrayHandle chunk) {
     refArrayOop mirrors = refArrayOop(chunk->obj_at(trace_mirrors_offset));
     assert(mirrors != nullptr, "mirror array should be initialized in backtrace");
     return mirrors;
   }
-  static typeArrayOop get_names(refArrayHandle chunk) {
-    typeArrayOop names = typeArrayOop(chunk->obj_at(trace_names_offset));
-    assert(names != nullptr, "names array should be initialized in backtrace");
-    return names;
-  }
   static bool has_hidden_top_frame(refArrayHandle chunk) {
     oop hidden = chunk->obj_at(trace_hidden_offset);
     return hidden != nullptr;
   }
 
- public:
-
-  // constructor for new backtrace
-  BacktraceBuilder(TRAPS): _head(nullptr), _methods(nullptr), _bcis(nullptr), _mirrors(nullptr), _names(nullptr), _has_hidden_top_frame(false) {
-    expand(CHECK);
-    _backtrace = refArrayHandle(THREAD, _head);
-    _index = 0;
-  }
-
-  BacktraceBuilder(Thread* thread, refArrayHandle backtrace) {
-    _methods = get_methods(backtrace);
-    _bcis = get_bcis(backtrace);
-    _mirrors = get_mirrors(backtrace);
-    _names = get_names(backtrace);
-    _has_hidden_top_frame = has_hidden_top_frame(backtrace);
-    assert(_methods->length() == _bcis->length() &&
-           _methods->length() == _mirrors->length() &&
-           _mirrors->length() == _names->length(),
-           "method and source information arrays should match");
-
-    // head is the preallocated backtrace
-    _head = backtrace();
-    _backtrace = refArrayHandle(thread, _head);
-    _index = 0;
-  }
-
   void expand(TRAPS) {
     refArrayHandle old_head(THREAD, _head);
     PauseNoSafepointVerifier pnsv(&_nsv);
@@ -312,35 +218,58 @@ class BacktraceBuilder: public StackObj {
     refArrayOop head = oopFactory::new_objectArray(trace_size, CHECK);
     refArrayHandle new_head(THREAD, head);
 
-    typeArrayOop methods = oopFactory::new_shortArray(trace_chunk_size, CHECK);
+    typeArrayOop methods = oopFactory::new_longArray(trace_chunk_size, CHECK);
     typeArrayHandle new_methods(THREAD, methods);
 
-    typeArrayOop bcis = oopFactory::new_intArray(trace_chunk_size, CHECK);
-    typeArrayHandle new_bcis(THREAD, bcis);
-
     refArrayOop mirrors = oopFactory::new_objectArray(trace_chunk_size, CHECK);
     refArrayHandle new_mirrors(THREAD, mirrors);
 
-    typeArrayOop names = oopFactory::new_symbolArray(trace_chunk_size, CHECK);
-    typeArrayHandle new_names(THREAD, names);
-
     if (!old_head.is_null()) {
       old_head->obj_at_put(trace_next_offset, new_head());
     }
     new_head->obj_at_put(trace_methods_offset, new_methods());
-    new_head->obj_at_put(trace_bcis_offset, new_bcis());
     new_head->obj_at_put(trace_mirrors_offset, new_mirrors());
-    new_head->obj_at_put(trace_names_offset, new_names());
     new_head->obj_at_put(trace_hidden_offset, nullptr);
 
-    _head    = new_head();
-    _methods = new_methods();
-    _bcis = new_bcis();
+    _head = new_head();
+    _methods_and_bcis = new_methods();
     _mirrors = new_mirrors();
-    _names  = new_names();
     _index = 0;
   }
 
+ public:
+
+  // Offsets into oop for backtrace() and constants.
+  enum {
+    trace_methods_offset = 0,
+    trace_mirrors_offset = 1,
+    trace_next_offset    = 2,
+    trace_hidden_offset  = 3,
+    trace_size           = 4,
+    trace_chunk_size     = 32
+  };
+
+  // constructor for new backtrace
+  BacktraceBuilder(TRAPS): _head(nullptr), _methods_and_bcis(nullptr), _mirrors(nullptr), _has_hidden_top_frame(false) {
+    expand(CHECK);
+    _backtrace = refArrayHandle(THREAD, _head);
+    _index = 0;
+  }
+
+  BacktraceBuilder(Thread* thread, refArrayHandle backtrace) {
+    _methods_and_bcis = get_methods_and_bcis(backtrace);
+    _mirrors = get_mirrors(backtrace);
+    _has_hidden_top_frame = has_hidden_top_frame(backtrace);
+    assert(_methods_and_bcis->length() == _mirrors->length(),
+           "method and source information arrays should match");
+
+    // head is the preallocated backtrace
+    _head = backtrace();
+    _backtrace = refArrayHandle(thread, _head);
+    _index = 0;
+  }
+
+ public:
   refArrayOop backtrace() {
     return _backtrace();
   }
@@ -357,13 +286,9 @@ class BacktraceBuilder: public StackObj {
       method = mhandle();
     }
 
-    _methods->ushort_at_put(_index, method->orig_method_idnum());
-    _bcis->int_at_put(_index, Backtrace::merge_bci_and_version(bci, method->constants()->version()));
-
-    // Note:this doesn't leak symbols because the mirror in the backtrace keeps the
-    // klass owning the symbols alive so their refcounts aren't decremented.
-    Symbol* name = method->name();
-    _names->symbol_at_put(_index, name);
+    _methods_and_bcis->long_at_put(_index,
+                                   merge_method_id_bci_and_version(
+                                       method->orig_method_idnum(), bci, method->constants()->version()));
 
     // We need to save the mirrors in the backtrace to keep the class
     // from being unloaded while we still have this stack trace.
@@ -379,10 +304,10 @@ class BacktraceBuilder: public StackObj {
       // to indicate that this backtrace has a hidden top frame.
       // But this code is used before TRUE is allocated.
       // Therefore let's just use an arbitrary legal oop
-      // available right here. _methods is a short[].
-      assert(_methods != nullptr, "we need a legal oop");
+      // available right here. _methods_and_bcis is a long[].
+      assert(_methods_and_bcis != nullptr, "we need a legal oop");
       _has_hidden_top_frame = true;
-      _head->obj_at_put(trace_hidden_offset, _methods);
+      _head->obj_at_put(trace_hidden_offset, _methods_and_bcis);
     }
   }
 };
@@ -391,10 +316,9 @@ struct BacktraceElement : public StackObj {
   int _method_id;
   int _bci;
   int _version;
-  Symbol* _name;
   Handle _mirror;
-  BacktraceElement(Handle mirror, int mid, int version, int bci, Symbol* name) :
-                   _method_id(mid), _bci(bci), _version(version), _name(name), _mirror(mirror) {}
+  BacktraceElement(Handle mirror, int mid, int version, int bci) :
+                   _method_id(mid), _bci(bci), _version(version), _mirror(mirror) {}
 };
 
 class BacktraceIterator : public StackObj {
@@ -402,36 +326,32 @@ class BacktraceIterator : public StackObj {
   refArrayHandle  _result;
   refArrayHandle  _mirrors;
   typeArrayHandle _methods;
-  typeArrayHandle _bcis;
-  typeArrayHandle _names;
 
   void init(refArrayHandle result, Thread* thread) {
     // Get method id, bci, version and mirror from chunk
     _result = result;
     if (_result.not_null()) {
-      _methods = typeArrayHandle(thread, BacktraceBuilder::get_methods(_result));
-      _bcis = typeArrayHandle(thread, BacktraceBuilder::get_bcis(_result));
+      _methods = typeArrayHandle(thread, BacktraceBuilder::get_methods_and_bcis(_result));
       _mirrors = refArrayHandle(thread, BacktraceBuilder::get_mirrors(_result));
-      _names = typeArrayHandle(thread, BacktraceBuilder::get_names(_result));
       _index = 0;
     }
   }
  public:
   BacktraceIterator(refArrayHandle result, Thread* thread) {
     init(result, thread);
-    assert(_methods.is_null() || _methods->length() == java_lang_Throwable::trace_chunk_size, "lengths don't match");
+    assert(_methods.is_null() || _methods->length() == BacktraceBuilder::trace_chunk_size, "lengths don't match");
   }
 
   BacktraceElement next(Thread* thread) {
+    int64_t merged_method_data = _methods->long_at(_index);
     BacktraceElement e (Handle(thread, _mirrors->obj_at(_index)),
-                        _methods->ushort_at(_index),
-                        Backtrace::version_at(_bcis->int_at(_index)),
-                        Backtrace::bci_at(_bcis->int_at(_index)),
-                        _names->symbol_at(_index));
+                        method_id_at(merged_method_data),
+                        version_at(merged_method_data),
+                        bci_at(merged_method_data));
     _index++;
 
-    if (_index >= java_lang_Throwable::trace_chunk_size) {
-      int next_offset = java_lang_Throwable::trace_next_offset;
+    if (_index >= BacktraceBuilder::trace_chunk_size) {
+      int next_offset = BacktraceBuilder::trace_next_offset;
       // Get next chunk
       refArrayHandle result (thread, refArrayOop(_result->obj_at(next_offset)));
       init(result, thread);
@@ -444,17 +364,28 @@ class BacktraceIterator : public StackObj {
   }
 };
 
+static inline const char* method_id_to_name(InstanceKlass* holder, int method_id) {
+  // If no method was found with this original idnum, it was deleted.  This is rare
+  // and has been deprecated.
+  Method* method = holder->method_with_orig_idnum(method_id);
+  return method == nullptr ? "<redefined deleted>" : method->name()->as_C_string();
+}
+
+static inline Symbol* method_id_to_name_symbol(InstanceKlass* holder, int method_id) {
+  Method* method = holder->method_with_orig_idnum(method_id);
+  return (method == nullptr) ? SymbolTable::new_symbol("unknown_deleted_by_redefinition") : method->name();
+}
 
 // Print stack trace element to the specified output stream.
 // The output is formatted into a stringStream and written to the outputStream in one step.
 static void print_stack_element_to_stream(outputStream* st, Handle mirror, int method_id,
-                                          int version, int bci, Symbol* name) {
+                                          int version, int bci) {
   ResourceMark rm;
   stringStream ss;
 
   InstanceKlass* holder = java_lang_Class::as_InstanceKlass(mirror());
   const char* klass_name  = holder->external_name();
-  char* method_name = name->as_C_string();
+  const char* method_name = method_id_to_name(holder, method_id);
   ss.print("\tat %s.%s(", klass_name, method_name);
 
   // Print module information
@@ -470,17 +401,17 @@ static void print_stack_element_to_stream(outputStream* st, Handle mirror, int m
   }
 
   char* source_file_name = nullptr;
-  Symbol* source = Backtrace::get_source_file_name(holder, version);
+  Symbol* source = holder->source_file_name(version);
   if (source != nullptr) {
     source_file_name = source->as_C_string();
   }
 
-  // The method can be null if the requested class version is gone
+  // Now get the exact method from the current or previous version of the InstanceKlass, if it exists.
   Method* method = holder->method_with_orig_idnum(method_id, version);
   if (!version_matches(method, version)) {
-    ss.print("Redefined)");
+    ss.print("(Redefined)");
   } else {
-    int line_number = Backtrace::get_line_number(method, bci);
+    int line_number = get_line_number(method, bci);
     if (line_number == -2) {
       ss.print("Native Method)");
     } else {
@@ -509,7 +440,7 @@ void java_lang_Throwable::print_stack_element(outputStream *st, Method* method,
   Handle mirror (Thread::current(),  method->method_holder()->java_mirror());
   int method_id = method->orig_method_idnum();
   int version = method->constants()->version();
-  print_stack_element_to_stream(st, mirror, method_id, version, bci, method->name());
+  print_stack_element_to_stream(st, mirror, method_id, version, bci);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -533,7 +464,7 @@ void java_lang_Throwable::print_stack_trace(Handle throwable, outputStream* st)
 
     while (iter.repeat()) {
       BacktraceElement bte = iter.next(THREAD);
-      print_stack_element_to_stream(st, bte._mirror, bte._method_id, bte._version, bte._bci, bte._name);
+      print_stack_element_to_stream(st, bte._mirror, bte._method_id, bte._version, bte._bci);
     }
     if (THREAD->can_call_java()) {
       // Call getCause() which doesn't necessarily return the _cause field.
@@ -766,7 +697,6 @@ void java_lang_Throwable::allocate_backtrace(Handle throwable, TRAPS) {
   set_backtrace(throwable(), bt.backtrace());
 }
 
-
 void java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace_of_preallocated_backtrace(Handle throwable) {
   // Fill in stack trace into preallocated backtrace (no GC)
 
@@ -795,7 +725,7 @@ void java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace_of_preallocated_backtrace(Handle t
     chunk_count++;
 
     // Bail-out for deep stacks
-    if (chunk_count >= trace_chunk_size) break;
+    if (chunk_count >= BacktraceBuilder::trace_chunk_size) break;
   }
   set_depth(throwable(), chunk_count);
   log_info(stacktrace)("%s, %d", throwable->klass()->external_name(), chunk_count);
@@ -832,13 +762,16 @@ void java_lang_Throwable::get_stack_trace_elements(int depth, Handle backtrace,
     }
 
     InstanceKlass* holder = java_lang_Class::as_InstanceKlass(bte._mirror());
+    // Get the exact method if it has been redefined and still exists.
     methodHandle method (THREAD, holder->method_with_orig_idnum(bte._method_id, bte._version));
+    // Get the method name from the method_id.
+    Symbol* method_name = method_id_to_name_symbol(holder, bte._method_id);
 
     java_lang_StackTraceElement::fill_in(stack_trace_element, holder,
                                          method,
                                          bte._version,
                                          bte._bci,
-                                         bte._name,
+                                         method_name,
                                          CHECK);
   }
 }
@@ -909,7 +842,7 @@ bool java_lang_Throwable::get_top_method_and_bci(oop throwable, Method** method,
 
   // If the exception happened in a frame that has been hidden, i.e.,
   // omitted from the back trace, we can not compute the message.
-  oop hidden = backtrace(throwable)->obj_at(trace_hidden_offset);
+  oop hidden = backtrace(throwable)->obj_at(BacktraceBuilder::trace_hidden_offset);
   if (hidden != nullptr) {
     return false;
   }
@@ -1009,7 +942,7 @@ void java_lang_StackTraceElement::decode_file_and_line(Handle java_class,
                                                        oop& source_file,
                                                        int& line_number, TRAPS) {
   // Fill in source file name and line number.
-  source = Backtrace::get_source_file_name(holder, version);
+  source = holder->source_file_name(version);
   source_file = java_lang_Class::source_file(java_class());
   if (source != nullptr) {
     // Class was not redefined. We can trust its cache if set,
@@ -1025,7 +958,7 @@ void java_lang_StackTraceElement::decode_file_and_line(Handle java_class,
       java_lang_Class::set_source_file(java_class(), source_file);
     }
   }
-  line_number = Backtrace::get_line_number(method(), bci);
+  line_number = get_line_number(method(), bci);
 }
 
 // java_lang_ClassFrameInfo
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp
index e4466b625d5..e95757c7b0b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/javaStackTraceClasses.hpp
@@ -44,19 +44,6 @@ class java_lang_Throwable: AllStatic {
   friend class BacktraceIterator;
 
  private:
-  // Trace constants
-  enum {
-    trace_methods_offset = 0,
-    trace_bcis_offset    = 1,
-    trace_mirrors_offset = 2,
-    trace_names_offset   = 3,
-    trace_conts_offset   = 4,
-    trace_next_offset    = 5,
-    trace_hidden_offset  = 6,
-    trace_size           = 7,
-    trace_chunk_size     = 32
-  };
-
   static int _backtrace_offset;
   static int _detailMessage_offset;
   static int _stackTrace_offset;
@@ -109,9 +96,6 @@ class java_lang_Throwable: AllStatic {
   static void java_printStackTrace(Handle throwable, TRAPS);
   // Gets the method and bci of the top frame (TOS). Returns false if this failed.
   static bool get_top_method_and_bci(oop throwable, Method** method, int* bci);
-
-  // Debugging
-  friend class JavaClasses;
 };
 
 // Interface to java.lang.StackTraceElement objects
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
index 0b47b182e52..010510c2f3f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
@@ -3406,6 +3406,17 @@ Symbol* InstanceKlass::source_file_name() const               { return _constant
 u2 InstanceKlass::source_file_name_index() const              { return _constants->source_file_name_index(); }
 void InstanceKlass::set_source_file_name_index(u2 sourcefile_index) { _constants->set_source_file_name_index(sourcefile_index); }
 
+Symbol* InstanceKlass::source_file_name(int version) const {
+  // Return the source file name for this version of the classfile, if redefined with RedefineClasses
+  const InstanceKlass* holder = get_klass_version(version);
+  if (holder == nullptr) {
+    // Redefined previous class has been cleaned up.
+    return nullptr;
+  } else {
+    return holder->source_file_name();
+  }
+}
+
 // minor and major version numbers of class file
 u2 InstanceKlass::minor_version() const                 { return _constants->minor_version(); }
 void InstanceKlass::set_minor_version(u2 minor_version) { _constants->set_minor_version(minor_version); }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.hpp
index aba81900985..768da36dc4b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.hpp
@@ -771,6 +771,7 @@ class InstanceKlass: public Klass {
   Symbol* source_file_name() const;
   u2 source_file_name_index() const;
   void set_source_file_name_index(u2 sourcefile_index);
+  Symbol* source_file_name(int version) const;
 
   // minor and major version numbers of class file
   u2 minor_version() const;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/typeArrayOop.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/typeArrayOop.hpp
index e5750052541..de020920db3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/typeArrayOop.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/typeArrayOop.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -108,9 +108,6 @@ class typeArrayOopDesc : public arrayOopDesc {
   jbyte byte_at_acquire(int which) const;
   void release_byte_at_put(int which, jbyte contents);
 
-  Symbol* symbol_at(int which) const;
-  void symbol_at_put(int which, Symbol* contents);
-
   // Sizing
 
   // Returns the number of words necessary to hold an array of "len"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp
index c431e3db16d..61ffd33706d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -162,25 +162,4 @@ inline void typeArrayOopDesc::release_byte_at_put(int which, jbyte contents) {
   AtomicAccess::release_store(byte_at_addr(which), contents);
 }
 
-// Java thinks Symbol arrays are just arrays of either long or int, since
-// there doesn't seem to be T_ADDRESS, so this is a bit of unfortunate
-// casting
-#ifdef _LP64
-inline Symbol* typeArrayOopDesc::symbol_at(int which) const {
-  return *reinterpret_cast<Symbol**>(long_at_addr(which));
-}
-
-inline void typeArrayOopDesc::symbol_at_put(int which, Symbol* contents) {
-  *reinterpret_cast<Symbol**>(long_at_addr(which)) = contents;
-}
-#else
-inline Symbol* typeArrayOopDesc::symbol_at(int which) const {
-  return *reinterpret_cast<Symbol**>(int_at_addr(which));
-}
-inline void typeArrayOopDesc::symbol_at_put(int which, Symbol* contents) {
-  *reinterpret_cast<Symbol**>(int_at_addr(which)) = contents;
-}
-#endif // _LP64
-
-
 #endif // SHARE_OOPS_TYPEARRAYOOP_INLINE_HPP
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/Throwable/ThrowableIntrospectionSegfault.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/Throwable/ThrowableIntrospectionSegfault.java
index a242d3afcd7..75c0fe0c8ff 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/Throwable/ThrowableIntrospectionSegfault.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/Throwable/ThrowableIntrospectionSegfault.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public static void main(java.lang.String[] unused) {
         try {
 
             // Retrieve the class of throwable.backtrace[0][0].
-            Class class2 = ((Object[]) ((Object[]) backtrace)[2])[0].getClass();
+            Class class2 = ((Object[]) ((Object[]) backtrace)[1])[0].getClass();
 
             // Segfault occurs while executing this line, to retrieve the name of
             // this class.
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/RedefineClasses/RedefineRunningMethodsWithBacktrace.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/RedefineClasses/RedefineRunningMethodsWithBacktrace.java
index bc69bd971de..f5ddb642559 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/RedefineClasses/RedefineRunningMethodsWithBacktrace.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/serviceability/jvmti/RedefineClasses/RedefineRunningMethodsWithBacktrace.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -118,11 +118,29 @@ static void localSleep() {
                     }
                     public static void infinite() {}
                     public static void throwable() {
-                        throw new RuntimeException("throwable called");
+                        throw new RuntimeException("throwable called"); /* line 13 */
                     }
                 }
                 """;
 
+    private static boolean matchSource(String source) {
+        // The first version is in this file, the second version was cleaned up.
+        return source == null ||
+               source.equals("RedefineRunningMethodsWithBacktrace.java") ||
+               source.equals("RedefineRunningMethodsWithBacktrace_B.java");
+    }
+
+    static final int firstLineNumber = 82;
+    static final int cleanedupLineNumber = -1;
+    static final int rerunLineNumber = 13;
+
+    private static boolean matchLineNumber(int lineNumber) {
+        // Line number of the throw in the each version of the redefined class.
+        // The first version of this method is running so we have the line number,
+        // the second is cleaned up, so we don't, the third version is current so we do.
+        return lineNumber == firstLineNumber || lineNumber == cleanedupLineNumber || lineNumber == rerunLineNumber;
+    }
+
     private static void touchRedefinedMethodInBacktrace(Throwable throwable) {
         System.out.println("touchRedefinedMethodInBacktrace: ");
         throwable.printStackTrace();  // this actually crashes with the bug in
@@ -131,8 +149,24 @@ private static void touchRedefinedMethodInBacktrace(Throwable throwable) {
         // Make sure that we can convert the backtrace, which is referring to
         // the redefined method, to a  StrackTraceElement[] without crashing.
         StackTraceElement[] stackTrace = throwable.getStackTrace();
-        for (int i = 0; i < stackTrace.length; i++) {
-            StackTraceElement frame = stackTrace[i];
+        StackTraceElement frame = stackTrace[0];
+        assertEquals(frame.getClassName(), "RedefineRunningMethodsWithBacktrace_B",
+              "\nTest failed: trace[0].getClassName() returned " + frame.getClassName());
+        assertEquals(frame.getMethodName(), "throwable",
+              "\nTest failed: trace[0].getMethodName() returned " + frame.getMethodName());
+        assertTrue(matchSource(frame.getFileName()),
+              "\nTest failed: trace[0].getFileName() returned " + frame.getFileName());
+        assertTrue(matchLineNumber(frame.getLineNumber()),
+              "\nTest failed: trace[0].getLineNumber() returned " + frame.getLineNumber());
+
+        frame = stackTrace[1];
+        assertEquals(frame.getClassName(), "RedefineRunningMethodsWithBacktrace",
+              "\nTest failed: trace[1].getClassName() returned " + frame.getClassName());
+        assertEquals(frame.getMethodName(), "getThrowableInB",
+              "\nTest failed: trace[1].getMethodName() returned " + frame.getMethodName());
+
+        for (int i = 2; i < stackTrace.length; i++) {
+            frame = stackTrace[i];
             assertNotNull(frame.getClassName(),
               "\nTest failed: trace[" + i + "].getClassName() returned null");
             assertNotNull(frame.getMethodName(),
diff --git a/test/jdk/com/sun/jdi/BacktraceFieldTest.java b/test/jdk/com/sun/jdi/BacktraceFieldTest.java
index 294b858e2f7..d3d2b137c1a 100644
--- a/test/jdk/com/sun/jdi/BacktraceFieldTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/com/sun/jdi/BacktraceFieldTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -158,12 +158,10 @@ protected void runTests() throws Exception {
                     println("BT: backTraceVal = " + backTraceVal);
 
                     printval(backTraceVal, 0);
-                    printval(backTraceVal, 1);
-                    printval(backTraceVal, 2);
-                    printval(backTraceVal, 3);  // backtrace has 4 elements
+                    printval(backTraceVal, 1);  // backtrace has 2 elements
 
                     try {
-                        printval(backTraceVal, 4);
+                        printval(backTraceVal, 2);
                     } catch (Exception e) {
                         println("Exception " + e);
                     }

From bbd0ca0d5c4ce5e9fa0c6ded8048e44acdb7e277 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vicente Romero <vromero@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 2026 15:57:12 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 625/707] 8388979: javac crashes with NullPointerException in
 Types.erasure when evaluating bounds of mutually dependent array type
 variables inside an intersection type definition

Reviewed-by: mcimadamore
---
 .../com/sun/tools/javac/code/Types.java       |  2 +-
 .../typevars/NPEArrayInIntersectionTest.java  |  9 +++
 .../typevars/NPEArrayInIntersectionTest.out   |  2 +
 .../typevars/TypeVarArrayInBound.jcod         | 74 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../typevars/TypeVarArrayInBoundTest.java     | 12 +++
 5 files changed, 98 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/NPEArrayInIntersectionTest.java
 create mode 100644 test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/NPEArrayInIntersectionTest.out
 create mode 100644 test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/TypeVarArrayInBound.jcod
 create mode 100644 test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/TypeVarArrayInBoundTest.java

diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Types.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Types.java
index 5173f37bcf9..a6d8d88e972 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Types.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Types.java
@@ -2552,7 +2552,7 @@ public IntersectionClassType makeIntersectionType(List<Type> bounds, boolean all
                             syms.noSymbol);
         IntersectionClassType intersectionType = new IntersectionClassType(bounds, bc, allInterfaces);
         bc.type = intersectionType;
-        bc.erasure_field = (bounds.head.hasTag(TYPEVAR)) ?
+        bc.erasure_field = (bounds.head.hasTag(TYPEVAR)) || bounds.head.hasTag(ARRAY) ?
                 syms.objectType : // error condition, recover
                 erasure(firstExplicitBound);
         bc.members_field = WriteableScope.create(bc);
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/NPEArrayInIntersectionTest.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/NPEArrayInIntersectionTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4b8485f8929
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/NPEArrayInIntersectionTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+/*
+ * @test /nodynamiccopyright/
+ * @bug 8388979
+ * @summary javac crashes with NullPointerException in Types.erasure when evaluating bounds
+ *          of mutually dependent array type variables inside an intersection type definition
+ * @compile/fail/ref=NPEArrayInIntersectionTest.out -XDrawDiagnostics NPEArrayInIntersectionTest.java
+ */
+
+class NPEArrayInIntersectionTest<A extends B[] & Runnable, B> {}
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/NPEArrayInIntersectionTest.out b/test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/NPEArrayInIntersectionTest.out
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3888a874370
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/NPEArrayInIntersectionTest.out
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+NPEArrayInIntersectionTest.java:9:45: compiler.err.type.found.req: B[], (compiler.misc.type.req.class)
+1 error
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/TypeVarArrayInBound.jcod b/test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/TypeVarArrayInBound.jcod
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fb558cb4230
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/TypeVarArrayInBound.jcod
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/* A hand-crafted classfile carrying a generic ClassSignature attribute of
+ * the form "<A:[TB;:Ljava/lang/Runnable;B:Ljava/lang/Object;>Ljava/lang/Object;"
+ * i.e. the classfile-level equivalent of:
+ *
+ *   class TypeVarArrayInBound<A extends B[] & Runnable, B> {}
+ */
+class TypeVarArrayInBound {
+  0xCAFEBABE;
+  0; // minor version
+  72; // version
+  [] { // Constant Pool
+    ; // first element is empty
+    Method #2 #3; // #1
+    class #4; // #2
+    NameAndType #5 #6; // #3
+    Utf8 "java/lang/Object"; // #4
+    Utf8 "<init>"; // #5
+    Utf8 "()V"; // #6
+    class #8; // #7
+    Utf8 "TypeVarArrayInBound"; // #8
+    Utf8 "Code"; // #9
+    Utf8 "LineNumberTable"; // #10
+    Utf8 "Signature"; // #11
+    Utf8 "<A:[TB;:Ljava/lang/Runnable;B:Ljava/lang/Object;>Ljava/lang/Object;"; // #12
+    Utf8 "SourceFile"; // #13
+    Utf8 "TypeVarArrayInBound.java"; // #14
+  } // Constant Pool
+
+  0x0020; // access
+  #7;// this_cpx
+  #2;// super_cpx
+
+  [] { // Interfaces
+  } // Interfaces
+
+  [] { // Fields
+  } // Fields
+
+  [] { // Methods
+    {  // method
+      0x0000; // access
+      #5; // name_index
+      #6; // descriptor_index
+      [] { // Attributes
+        Attr(#9) { // Code
+          1; // max_stack
+          1; // max_locals
+          Bytes[]{
+            0x2AB70001B1;
+          }
+          [] { // Traps
+          } // end Traps
+          [] { // Attributes
+            Attr(#10) { // LineNumberTable
+              [] { // line_number_table
+                0  1;
+              }
+            } // end LineNumberTable
+          } // Attributes
+        } // end Code
+      } // Attributes
+    }
+  } // Methods
+
+  [] { // Attributes
+    Attr(#11) { // Signature
+      #12;
+    } // end Signature
+    ;
+    Attr(#13) { // SourceFile
+      #14;
+    } // end SourceFile
+  } // Attributes
+} // end class TypeVarArrayInBound
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/TypeVarArrayInBoundTest.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/TypeVarArrayInBoundTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5a5134a7271
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/generics/typevars/TypeVarArrayInBoundTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+/*
+ * @test /nodynamiccopyright/
+ * @bug 8388979
+ * @summary javac crashes with NullPointerException in Types.erasure when
+ *          evaluating bounds of mutually dependent array type variables
+ *          inside an intersection type definition
+ * @build TypeVarArrayInBound
+ * @compile TypeVarArrayInBoundTest.java
+ */
+class TypeVarArrayInBoundTest {
+    TypeVarArrayInBound<?, ?> field;
+}

From bc038026aad96285cf30b75b4fdf36829a292263 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Leonid Mesnik <lmesnik@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 2026 16:32:48 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 626/707] 8378071: Class ThreadSnapshot$ThreadLock is not
 initialized by VM

Reviewed-by: cjplummer, dholmes
---
 src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp  | 11 +++--
 .../ThreadSnapshot/ThreadLockClassInit.java   | 45 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 52 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/jdk/internal/vm/ThreadSnapshot/ThreadLockClassInit.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp
index 6ee592bd774..5c9e6ad166a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp
@@ -1499,12 +1499,15 @@ oop ThreadSnapshotFactory::get_thread_snapshot(jobject jthread, TRAPS) {
   }
 
   // Locks
-  Symbol* lock_sym = vmSymbols::jdk_internal_vm_ThreadLock();
-  Klass* lock_k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(lock_sym, true, CHECK_NULL);
-  InstanceKlass* lock_klass = InstanceKlass::cast(lock_k);
-
   refArrayHandle locks;
   if (cl._locks != nullptr && cl._locks->length() > 0) {
+    Symbol* lock_sym = vmSymbols::jdk_internal_vm_ThreadLock();
+    Klass* lock_k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(lock_sym, true, CHECK_NULL);
+    if (lock_k->should_be_initialized()) {
+      lock_k->initialize(CHECK_NULL);
+    }
+
+    InstanceKlass* lock_klass = InstanceKlass::cast(lock_k);
     locks = oopFactory::new_refArray_handle(lock_klass, cl._locks->length(), CHECK_NULL);
     for (int n = 0; n < cl._locks->length(); n++) {
       GetThreadSnapshotHandshakeClosure::OwnedLock* lock_info = cl._locks->adr_at(n);
diff --git a/test/jdk/jdk/internal/vm/ThreadSnapshot/ThreadLockClassInit.java b/test/jdk/jdk/internal/vm/ThreadSnapshot/ThreadLockClassInit.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d1a2b65728a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/jdk/internal/vm/ThreadSnapshot/ThreadLockClassInit.java
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8378071
+ * @summary Test jdk.internal.vm.ThreadSnapshot.of(Thread) correctly initialize ThreadLock class
+ *
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm
+ * @run main ThreadLockClassInit
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-Inline -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,*ThreadSnapshot*::* ThreadLockClassInit
+ */
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.ThreadSnapshot;
+
+public class ThreadLockClassInit {
+    public static final Object LOCK = new Object();
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        synchronized (LOCK) {
+            // The ThreadSnapshot doesn't have any public methods so nothing to check.
+            ThreadSnapshot.of(Thread.currentThread());
+        }
+     }
+}

From 212d3a220cad1a50e0f89f9b7c4f6b6594f7ebbe Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Schatzl <tschatzl@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 2026 16:50:43 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 627/707] 8390683: Problemlist gc/TestGCALotAtSafepoints tests

Reviewed-by: iwalulya
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt | 5 +++++
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
index d41a77a1b85..3e73792dd7d 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
@@ -87,6 +87,11 @@ gc/stress/jfr/TestStressAllocationGCEventsWithShenandoah.java#generational 83869
 gc/stress/jfr/TestStressAllocationGCEventsWithShenandoah.java#default 8386964 generic-all
 gc/stress/jfr/TestStressBigAllocationGCEventsWithShenandoah.java#generational 8386964 generic-all
 gc/stress/jfr/TestStressBigAllocationGCEventsWithShenandoah.java#default 8386964 generic-all
+gc/TestGCALotAtAllSafepoints.java#Parallel 8390661 generic-all
+gc/TestGCALotAtAllSafepoints.java#Serial 8390661 generic-all
+gc/TestGCALotAtAllSafepoints.java#G1 8390661 generic-all
+gc/TestGCALotAtAllSafepoints.java#Z 8390661 generic-all
+gc/TestGCALotAtAllSafepoints.java#Shenandoah 8390661 generic-all
 
 #############################################################################
 

From d4bfdf70a2752f048c26a27eafc6fd5496703b22 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Xueming Shen <sherman@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 2026 17:18:44 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 628/707] 8387798: VectorAPI: VectorOperators.DIV javadoc
 incorrectly says "Floating only"

Reviewed-by: erfang, liach, psandoz
---
 .../share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/VectorOperators.java     | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/VectorOperators.java b/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/VectorOperators.java
index 4d4eea0c3c4..1fa75b4b69a 100644
--- a/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/VectorOperators.java
+++ b/src/jdk.incubator.vector/share/classes/jdk/incubator/vector/VectorOperators.java
@@ -533,7 +533,7 @@ static boolean opKind(Operator op, int bit) {
     public static final Binary SUB = binary("SUB", "-", VectorSupport.VECTOR_OP_SUB, VO_ALL);
     /** Produce {@code a*b}. */
     public static final Associative MUL = assoc("MUL", "*", VectorSupport.VECTOR_OP_MUL, VO_ALL+VO_ASSOC);
-    /** Produce {@code a/b}. Floating only. */
+    /** Produce {@code a/b}. */
     public static final Binary DIV = binary("DIV", "/", VectorSupport.VECTOR_OP_DIV, VO_ALL| VO_SPECIAL);
     /** Produce {@code min(a,b)}. */
     public static final Associative MIN = assoc("MIN", "min", VectorSupport.VECTOR_OP_MIN, VO_ALL+VO_ASSOC);

From 9a601b46b2f2bc68f4de42fe2c00b77da55246b0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ioi Lam <iklam@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 2026 21:07:33 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 629/707] 8390335: Refactor AOTClassLocationConfig::validate()

Reviewed-by: kvn, asmehra
---
 src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.cpp | 98 +++++++++++++---------
 src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.hpp |  3 +
 src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp          | 12 ---
 3 files changed, 61 insertions(+), 52 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.cpp
index 464bacd1ca0..48b91960ce7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.cpp
@@ -994,61 +994,64 @@ bool AOTClassLocationConfig::need_lcp_match_helper(int start, int end, ClassLoca
   return true;
 }
 
-bool AOTClassLocationConfig::validate(const char* cache_filename, bool has_aot_linked_classes, bool has_full_module_graph) const {
+bool AOTClassLocationConfig::validate_helper(const char* cache_filename, bool has_aot_linked_classes, bool has_full_module_graph) const {
   ResourceMark rm;
   AllClassLocationStreams all_css;
 
   log_locations(cache_filename, /*is_write=*/false);
 
-  // (1) Check JRT modules image
-  const char* jrt = ClassLoader::get_jrt_entry()->name();
-  log_info(class, path)("Checking [0] (modules image)");
-  bool success = class_location_at(0)->check(jrt, has_aot_linked_classes);
-  log_info(class, path)("Modules image %s validation: %s", jrt, success ? "passed" : "failed");
-  if (!success) {
+  if (!check_jrt(has_aot_linked_classes)) {
     return false;
   }
 
-  {
-    // (2) Check boot/app classpath
-    bool use_lcp_match = need_lcp_match(all_css);
-    const char* runtime_lcp;
-    size_t runtime_lcp_len;
+  if (!check_classpaths(has_aot_linked_classes, all_css)) {
+    return false;
+  }
 
-    log_info(class, path)("Longest common prefix substitution in boot/app classpath matching: %s",
-                          use_lcp_match ? "yes" : "no");
-    if (use_lcp_match) {
-      runtime_lcp = find_lcp(all_css.boot_and_app_cp(), runtime_lcp_len);
-      log_info(class, path)("Longest common prefix: %s (%zu chars)", runtime_lcp, runtime_lcp_len);
-    } else {
-      runtime_lcp = nullptr;
-      runtime_lcp_len = 0;
-    }
+  bool status = check_module_paths(has_aot_linked_classes, has_full_module_graph, all_css.module_path());
+  log_info(class, path)("Archived module path validation: %s", status ? "passed" : "failed");
+  return status;
+}
 
-    success = check_classpaths(true, has_aot_linked_classes, boot_cp_start_index(), boot_cp_end_index(), all_css.boot_cp(),
-                               use_lcp_match, runtime_lcp, runtime_lcp_len);
-    log_info(class, path)("Archived boot classpath validation: %s", success ? "passed" : "failed");
+bool AOTClassLocationConfig::check_jrt(bool has_aot_linked_classes) const {
+  const char* jrt = ClassLoader::get_jrt_entry()->name();
+  log_info(class, path)("Checking [0] (modules image)");
+  bool status = class_location_at(0)->check(jrt, has_aot_linked_classes);
+  log_info(class, path)("Modules image %s validation: %s", jrt, status ? "passed" : "failed");
+  return status;
+}
+
+bool AOTClassLocationConfig::check_classpaths(bool has_aot_linked_classes, AllClassLocationStreams& all_css) const {
+  const char* runtime_lcp = nullptr;
+  size_t runtime_lcp_len = 0;
+
+  bool use_lcp_match = need_lcp_match(all_css);
+  log_info(class, path)("Longest common prefix substitution in boot/app classpath matching: %s",
+                        use_lcp_match ? "yes" : "no");
+  if (use_lcp_match) {
+    runtime_lcp = find_lcp(all_css.boot_and_app_cp(), runtime_lcp_len);
+    log_info(class, path)("Longest common prefix: %s (%zu chars)", runtime_lcp, runtime_lcp_len);
+  }
 
-    if (success && need_to_check_app_classpath()) {
-      success = check_classpaths(false, has_aot_linked_classes, app_cp_start_index(), app_cp_end_index(), all_css.app_cp(),
+  bool status = check_classpaths(true, has_aot_linked_classes, boot_cp_start_index(), boot_cp_end_index(), all_css.boot_cp(),
                                  use_lcp_match, runtime_lcp, runtime_lcp_len);
-      log_info(class, path)("Archived app classpath validation: %s", success ? "passed" : "failed");
-    }
+  log_info(class, path)("Archived boot classpath validation: %s", status ? "passed" : "failed");
 
-    // (3) Check module paths
-    if (success) {
-      success = check_module_paths(has_aot_linked_classes, has_full_module_graph, all_css.module_path());
-      log_info(class, path)("Archived module path validation: %s", success ? "passed" : "failed");
-    }
+  if (status && need_to_check_app_classpath()) {
+    status = check_classpaths(false, has_aot_linked_classes, app_cp_start_index(), app_cp_end_index(), all_css.app_cp(),
+                              use_lcp_match, runtime_lcp, runtime_lcp_len);
+    log_info(class, path)("Archived app classpath validation: %s", status ? "passed" : "failed");
+  }
 
-    if (runtime_lcp_len > 0) {
-      os::free((void*)runtime_lcp);
-    }
+  if (runtime_lcp_len > 0) {
+    os::free((void*)runtime_lcp);
   }
 
-  if (success) {
-    _runtime_instance = this;
-  } else {
+  return status;
+}
+
+bool AOTClassLocationConfig::validate(const char* cache_filename, bool has_aot_linked_classes, bool has_full_module_graph) const {
+  if (!validate_helper(cache_filename, has_aot_linked_classes, has_full_module_graph)) {
     const char* mismatch_msg = "shared class paths mismatch";
     const char* hint_msg = log_is_enabled(Info, class, path) ?
         "" : " (hint: enable -Xlog:class+path=info to diagnose the failure)";
@@ -1064,8 +1067,23 @@ bool AOTClassLocationConfig::validate(const char* cache_filename, bool has_aot_l
     } else {
       AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("%s%s", mismatch_msg, hint_msg);
     }
+    return false;
   }
-  return success;
+
+  if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_dynamic_archive()) {
+    // Only support dynamic dumping with the usage of the default CDS archive
+    // or a simple base archive.
+    // If the base layer archive contains additional path component besides
+    // the runtime image and the -cp, dynamic dumping is disabled.
+    if (num_boot_classpaths() > 0) {
+      CDSConfig::disable_dumping_dynamic_archive();
+      aot_log_warning(aot)(
+        "Dynamic archiving is disabled because base layer archive has appended boot classpath");
+    }
+  }
+
+  _runtime_instance = this;
+  return true;
 }
 
 void AOTClassLocationConfig::log_locations(const char* cache_filename, bool is_write) const {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.hpp
index bdf50535c9e..771f4951671 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/aotClassLocation.hpp
@@ -162,6 +162,9 @@ class AOTClassLocationConfig : public CHeapObj<mtClassShared> {
                        Group group, bool parse_manifest, bool from_cpattr);
   void dumptime_init_helper(TRAPS);
 
+  bool validate_helper(const char* cache_filename, bool has_aot_linked_classes, bool has_full_module_graph) const;
+  bool check_jrt(bool has_aot_linked_classes) const;
+  bool check_classpaths(bool has_aot_linked_classes, AllClassLocationStreams& all_css) const;
   bool check_classpaths(bool is_boot_classpath, bool has_aot_linked_classes,
                         int index_start, int index_end, ClassLocationStream& runtime_css,
                         bool use_lcp_match, const char* runtime_lcp, size_t runtime_lcp_len) const;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp
index a7320dc23cf..76f133d2f41 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/filemap.cpp
@@ -415,18 +415,6 @@ bool FileMapInfo::validate_class_location() {
     }
   }
 
-  if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_dynamic_archive()) {
-    // Only support dynamic dumping with the usage of the default CDS archive
-    // or a simple base archive.
-    // If the base layer archive contains additional path component besides
-    // the runtime image and the -cp, dynamic dumping is disabled.
-    if (config->num_boot_classpaths() > 0) {
-      CDSConfig::disable_dumping_dynamic_archive();
-      aot_log_warning(aot)(
-        "Dynamic archiving is disabled because base layer archive has appended boot classpath");
-    }
-  }
-
 #if INCLUDE_JVMTI
   if (_classpath_entries_for_jvmti != nullptr) {
     os::free(_classpath_entries_for_jvmti);

From 84f01bbb4bc564a58d9d95495e8e81ee06c14d42 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Patricio Chilano Mateo <pchilanomate@openjdk.org>
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 2026 22:32:04 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 630/707] 8390240: Full chunk thawing path misses
 deoptimization check in monitorenter case

Reviewed-by: fparain, coleenp
---
 .../share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp  |  21 ++++
 .../DeoptimizedMethodAtMonitorEnter.java      | 119 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 140 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/java/lang/Thread/virtual/DeoptimizedMethodAtMonitorEnter.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
index 8f847614f5c..4a8c1f79a64 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/continuationFreezeThaw.cpp
@@ -2091,6 +2091,7 @@ class ThawBase : public StackObj {
   template<bool check_stub>
   int remove_top_compiled_frame_from_chunk(stackChunkOop chunk, int &argsize);
   int remove_scalarized_frames(StackChunkFrameStream<ChunkFrames::CompiledOnly>& scfs, int &argsize);
+  void check_top_for_deoptimization(stackChunkOop chunk);
   void copy_from_chunk(intptr_t* from, intptr_t* to, int size);
 
   void thaw_lockstack(stackChunkOop chunk);
@@ -2203,6 +2204,23 @@ inline void ThawBase::clear_chunk(stackChunkOop chunk) {
   chunk->set_max_thawing_size(0);
 }
 
+void ThawBase::check_top_for_deoptimization(stackChunkOop chunk) {
+  StackChunkFrameStream<ChunkFrames::CompiledOnly> f(chunk);
+  if (f.is_stub()) {
+    f.next(SmallRegisterMap::instance_no_args(), true /* stop */);
+    assert(!f.is_done(), "");
+
+    f.get_cb();
+    assert(f.is_compiled(), "");
+    if (f.cb()->as_nmethod()->is_marked_for_deoptimization()) {
+      // The caller of the runtime stub when the continuation is preempted is not at a
+      // Java call instruction, and so cannot rely on nmethod patching for deopt.
+      log_develop_trace(continuations)("Deoptimizing runtime stub caller");
+      f.to_frame().deoptimize(nullptr); // the null thread simply avoids the assertion in deoptimize which we're not set up for
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 int ThawBase::remove_scalarized_frames(StackChunkFrameStream<ChunkFrames::CompiledOnly>& f, int &argsize) {
   intptr_t* top = f.sp();
 
@@ -2340,6 +2358,9 @@ NOINLINE intptr_t* Thaw<ConfigT>::thaw_fast(stackChunkOop chunk) {
   if (LIKELY(!ForceSingleFrameThaw && (full_chunk_size < threshold))) {
     prefetch_chunk_pd(chunk->start_address(), full_chunk_size); // prefetch anticipating memcpy starting at highest address
 
+    if (check_stub) {
+      check_top_for_deoptimization(chunk);
+    }
     partial = false;
     argsize = chunk->argsize(); // must be called *before* clearing the chunk
     clear_chunk(chunk);
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/lang/Thread/virtual/DeoptimizedMethodAtMonitorEnter.java b/test/jdk/java/lang/Thread/virtual/DeoptimizedMethodAtMonitorEnter.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4eab3f65ab1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/lang/Thread/virtual/DeoptimizedMethodAtMonitorEnter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=thaw_fast_full
+ * @bug 8390240
+ * @summary Test the full thaw path when the runtime stub's compiled
+ *          caller is marked for deoptimization
+ * @requires vm.continuations
+ * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp DeoptimizedMethodAtMonitorEnter
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=thaw_fast_partial
+ * @bug 8390240
+ * @summary Test the partial thaw path when the runtime stub's compiled
+ *          caller is marked for deoptimization
+ * @requires vm.debug == true & vm.continuations
+ * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:+ForceSingleFrameThaw DeoptimizedMethodAtMonitorEnter
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=thaw_slow
+ * @bug 8390240
+ * @summary Test the slow thaw path when the runtime stub's compiled
+ *          caller is marked for deoptimization
+ * @requires vm.continuations
+ * @library /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg
+ * @run main/othervm DeoptimizedMethodAtMonitorEnter
+ */
+
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class DeoptimizedMethodAtMonitorEnter {
+    private static final Object lock = new Object();
+    private static A receiver = new A();
+    private static int result;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        warmUp();
+        Asserts.assertTrue(receiver.m() == 1, "unexpected value=" + receiver.m());
+
+        var started = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        Thread vthread = Thread.ofVirtual().unstarted(() -> {
+            started.countDown();
+            foo();
+        });
+
+        synchronized (lock) {
+            vthread.start();
+            started.await();
+            await(vthread, Thread.State.BLOCKED);
+            receiver = new B();
+        }
+
+        vthread.join();
+        Asserts.assertTrue(result == 3, "unexpected result=" + result);
+    }
+
+    public static void foo() {
+        synchronized (lock) {
+            result = receiver.m();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void warmUp() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 30_000; i++) {
+            foo();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Waits for the given thread to reach a given state.
+     */
+    private static void await(Thread thread, Thread.State expectedState) throws InterruptedException {
+        Thread.State state = thread.getState();
+        while (state != expectedState) {
+            Asserts.assertTrue(state != Thread.State.TERMINATED, "Thread has terminated");
+            Thread.sleep(10);
+            state = thread.getState();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class A {
+        int m() {
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class B extends A {
+        int m() {
+            return 3;
+        }
+    }
+}

From bd929ac41e6c76884441b419845766d5dd082323 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gui Cao <gcao@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 2026 01:08:55 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 631/707] 8390522: RISC-V: Avoid clobbering ra in the nmethod
 entry barrier

Reviewed-by: fyang, dzhang
---
 .../cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp       | 6 ++++--
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
index 809221d6637..2139ffd5234 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -300,8 +300,10 @@ void BarrierSetAssembler::nmethod_entry_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm, Label* slo
           // Because processors will not start the second load until the first comes back.
           // This means you can't overlap the two loads,
           // which is stronger than needed for ordering (stronger than TSO).
-          __ srli(ra, t0, 32);
-          __ orr(t1, t1, ra);
+          // XOR the guard into the epoch address twice. This preserves the
+          // address while making it dependent on the guard load.
+          __ xorr(t1, t1, t0);
+          __ xorr(t1, t1, t0);
         }
         // Read the global epoch value.
         __ lwu(t1, t1);

From de2b1b805e32982aa6aa476915e08f71da3921cc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Shiv Shah <shiv.shah@oracle.com>
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 2026 01:31:26 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 632/707] 8298991: vmTestbase/nsk/sysdict tests fail with OOME:
 Java heap space: failed reallocation of scalar replaced objects

Reviewed-by: lmesnik, epavlova
---
 .../nsk/share/runner/ThreadsRunner.java       | 29 ++++++++++++++-----
 .../nsk/sysdict/share/SysDictTest.java        |  6 ++--
 2 files changed, 24 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/runner/ThreadsRunner.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/runner/ThreadsRunner.java
index 98481fdf87e..e7ff1dbba1c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/runner/ThreadsRunner.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/runner/ThreadsRunner.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -119,15 +119,18 @@ public void run() {
                     test.run();
                     LockSupport.parkNanos(1);
                 }
-            } catch (OutOfMemoryError oom) {
-                if (test instanceof OOMStress) {
-                    // Test stressing OOM, not a failure.
-                    log.info("Caught OutOfMemoryError in OOM stress test, omitting exception.");
+            } catch (Throwable t) {
+                if (test instanceof OOMStress && isCausedByOOM(t)) {
+                    // Test stressing OOM, not a failure. The OOME may arrive
+                    // wrapped in another exception.
+                    try {
+                        log.info("Caught " + t + " in OOM stress test, omitting exception.");
+                    } catch (OutOfMemoryError oom) {
+                        // no memory left to log, still not a failure
+                    }
                 } else {
-                    failWithException(oom);
+                    failWithException(t);
                 }
-            } catch (Throwable t) {
-                failWithException(t);
             } finally {
                 waitForOtherThreads();
                 stresser.finish();
@@ -149,6 +152,16 @@ private void waitForOtherThreads() {
             }
         }
 
+        private static boolean isCausedByOOM(Throwable t) {
+            while (t != null) {
+                if (t instanceof OutOfMemoryError) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+                t = t.getCause();
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
         private void failWithException(Throwable t) {
             log.debug("Exception in ");
             log.debug(test);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/sysdict/share/SysDictTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/sysdict/share/SysDictTest.java
index 2b217a368c2..5b876359274 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/sysdict/share/SysDictTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/sysdict/share/SysDictTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2010, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2010, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -30,10 +30,10 @@
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;
-import nsk.share.ClassUnloader;
 import nsk.share.TestFailure;
 import nsk.share.gc.ThreadedGCTest;
 import nsk.share.gc.gp.GarbageUtils;
+import nsk.share.gc.OOMStress;
 import nsk.share.test.ExecutionController;
 import nsk.share.test.LocalRandom;
 
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ ClassLoader[] createClassLoadersInternal() {
     }
     volatile ClassLoader[] currentClassLoaders;
 
-    class Worker implements Runnable {
+    class Worker implements Runnable, OOMStress {
 
         private ClassLoader loader;
         private String[] names;

From 87952df444ec7bc0db3f25bbeebd10204180e609 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dingli Zhang <dzhang@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 2026 02:17:12 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 633/707] 8390521: RISC-V: Clean up vector register dispatch in
 MachSpillCopyNode::implementation

Reviewed-by: fyang, gcao
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad | 36 ++++++++++++++++++----------------
 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
index 17cd4592fd2..033e4a4222e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/riscv.ad
@@ -1557,12 +1557,16 @@ uint MachSpillCopyNode::implementation(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *r
   // address also needs t0 to materialize an offset outside the 12-bit range.
   if (src_lo_rc == rc_stack && dst_lo_rc == rc_stack) {
     int last_dst_offset = dst_offset;
-    if (bottom_type()->isa_pvectmask()) {
-      int vmask_size_in_bytes = Matcher::scalable_predicate_reg_slots() * 32 / 8;
-      last_dst_offset += vmask_size_in_bytes - 4;
-    } else if (ideal_reg() == Op_VecA) {
-      int vector_reg_size_in_bytes = Matcher::scalable_vector_reg_size(T_BYTE);
-      last_dst_offset += vector_reg_size_in_bytes - 8;
+    if (bottom_type()->isa_vect() != nullptr) {
+      if (!bottom_type()->isa_pvectmask()) {
+        assert(ideal_reg() == Op_VecA, "Must be Op_VecA");
+        int vector_reg_size_in_bytes = Matcher::scalable_vector_reg_size(T_BYTE);
+        last_dst_offset += vector_reg_size_in_bytes - 8;
+      } else {
+        assert(ideal_reg() == Op_RegVectMask, "Must be Op_RegVectMask");
+        int vmask_size_in_bytes = Matcher::scalable_predicate_reg_slots() * 32 / 8;
+        last_dst_offset += vmask_size_in_bytes - 4;
+      }
     }
 
     if (masm != nullptr && !Assembler::is_simm12(last_dst_offset)) {
@@ -1574,9 +1578,9 @@ uint MachSpillCopyNode::implementation(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *r
     }
   }
 
-  if (bottom_type()->isa_vect() != nullptr) {
-    uint ireg = ideal_reg();
-    if (ireg == Op_VecA && masm) {
+  if (bottom_type()->isa_vect() != nullptr && masm != nullptr) {
+    if (!bottom_type()->isa_pvectmask()) {
+      assert(ideal_reg() == Op_VecA, "Must be Op_VecA");
       int vector_reg_size_in_bytes = Matcher::scalable_vector_reg_size(T_BYTE);
       if (src_lo_rc == rc_stack && dst_lo_rc == rc_stack) {
         // stack to stack
@@ -1595,7 +1599,8 @@ uint MachSpillCopyNode::implementation(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *r
       } else {
         ShouldNotReachHere();
       }
-    } else if (bottom_type()->isa_pvectmask() && masm) {
+    } else {
+      assert(ideal_reg() == Op_RegVectMask, "Must be Op_RegVectMask");
       int vmask_size_in_bytes = Matcher::scalable_predicate_reg_slots() * 32 / 8;
       if (src_lo_rc == rc_stack && dst_lo_rc == rc_stack) {
         // stack to stack
@@ -1698,14 +1703,11 @@ uint MachSpillCopyNode::implementation(C2_MacroAssembler *masm, PhaseRegAlloc *r
       st->print("%s", Matcher::regName[dst_lo]);
     }
     if (bottom_type()->isa_vect() && !bottom_type()->isa_pvectmask()) {
-      int vsize = 0;
-      if (ideal_reg() == Op_VecA) {
-        vsize = Matcher::scalable_vector_reg_size(T_BYTE) * 8;
-      } else {
-        ShouldNotReachHere();
-      }
+      assert(ideal_reg() == Op_VecA, "Must be Op_VecA");
+      int vsize = Matcher::scalable_vector_reg_size(T_BYTE) * 8;
       st->print("\t# vector spill size = %d", vsize);
-    } else if (ideal_reg() == Op_RegVectMask) {
+    } else if (bottom_type()->isa_pvectmask()) {
+      assert(ideal_reg() == Op_RegVectMask, "Must be Op_RegVectMask");
       assert(Matcher::supports_scalable_vector(), "bad register type for spill");
       int vsize = Matcher::scalable_predicate_reg_slots() * 32;
       st->print("\t# vmask spill size = %d", vsize);

From ab2ddc44b8dc7514351f38ab5ccd33d7801dce46 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Kuai Wei <kwei@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 2026 05:59:10 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 634/707] 8389939: RISC-V: OrderAccess can be simplified by
 UseZtso

Reviewed-by: fyang, gcao, dzhang
---
 .../linux_riscv/orderAccess_linux_riscv.hpp     | 17 +++++++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 15 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/orderAccess_linux_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/orderAccess_linux_riscv.hpp
index 26530cca5ba..260b6ce32a8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/orderAccess_linux_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os_cpu/linux_riscv/orderAccess_linux_riscv.hpp
@@ -41,12 +41,25 @@ inline void OrderAccess::storeload()  { fence(); }
 #define READ_MEM_BARRIER  __atomic_thread_fence(__ATOMIC_ACQUIRE);
 #define WRITE_MEM_BARRIER __atomic_thread_fence(__ATOMIC_RELEASE);
 
+// A compiler barrier, forcing the C++ compiler to invalidate all memory assumptions
+static inline void compiler_barrier() {
+  __asm__ volatile ("" : : : "memory");
+}
+
 inline void OrderAccess::acquire() {
-  READ_MEM_BARRIER;
+  if (UseZtso) {
+    compiler_barrier();
+  } else {
+    READ_MEM_BARRIER;
+  }
 }
 
 inline void OrderAccess::release() {
-  WRITE_MEM_BARRIER;
+  if (UseZtso) {
+    compiler_barrier();
+  } else {
+    WRITE_MEM_BARRIER;
+  }
 }
 
 inline void OrderAccess::fence() {

From 6175a0a8b7a4a102afb9c5608623a4513ef6828f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 2026 06:39:51 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 635/707] 8390625: C2_MacroAssembler::vector_iota_entry_index
 hits assert(regs[i] != regs[j])

Reviewed-by: mchevalier, qamai, kvn
---
 .../cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp |  3 +-
 .../vectorapi/TestSelectFromSameOperand.java  | 58 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 60 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestSelectFromSameOperand.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 55cfd0756f6..fba316bf293 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/c2_MacroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -2436,7 +2436,8 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::neon_reverse_bytes(FloatRegister dst, FloatRegister src,
 void C2_MacroAssembler::neon_rearrange_hsd(FloatRegister dst, FloatRegister src,
                                            FloatRegister shuffle, FloatRegister tmp,
                                            BasicType bt, bool isQ) {
-  assert_different_registers(dst, src, shuffle, tmp);
+  assert_different_registers(dst, src, tmp);
+  assert_different_registers(shuffle, tmp);
   SIMD_Arrangement size1 = isQ ? T16B : T8B;
   SIMD_Arrangement size2 = esize2arrangement((uint)type2aelembytes(bt), isQ);
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestSelectFromSameOperand.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestSelectFromSameOperand.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..789c0c71a4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestSelectFromSameOperand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8390625
+ * @summary Test VectorRearrange with the same source and shuffle operand
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @modules jdk.incubator.vector
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.vectorapi;
+
+import jdk.incubator.vector.ShortVector;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestSelectFromSameOperand {
+    private static final short[] INPUT = {7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0};
+    private static final short[] OUTPUT = new short[INPUT.length];
+
+    public static void test() {
+        // The already masked 'vector' becomes both source and shuffle of the VectorRearrange node
+        ShortVector vector = ShortVector.fromArray(ShortVector.SPECIES_128, INPUT, 0).and((short) 7);
+        vector.selectFrom(vector).intoArray(OUTPUT, 0);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100_000; i++) {
+            test();
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < OUTPUT.length; i++) {
+            Asserts.assertEQ(OUTPUT[i], (short) i);
+        }
+    }
+}
+

From 05eaf783b270ec5cd901704c5e16b6201de7a9e4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David Briemann <dbriemann@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 2026 07:48:02 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 636/707] 8390212: (dc) On AIX, DatagramChannel.join can join
 IPv4 multicast group with IPv6 socket

Reviewed-by: alanb, mbaesken, mdoerr
---
 src/java.base/unix/native/libnio/ch/Net.c | 20 +++++++++++++++++---
 test/jdk/ProblemList.txt                  |  5 +----
 2 files changed, 18 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/unix/native/libnio/ch/Net.c b/src/java.base/unix/native/libnio/ch/Net.c
index 2b281f9a204..fe0866027f2 100644
--- a/src/java.base/unix/native/libnio/ch/Net.c
+++ b/src/java.base/unix/native/libnio/ch/Net.c
@@ -96,6 +96,11 @@ static void initGroupSourceReq(JNIEnv* env, jbyteArray group, jint index,
 
 #ifdef _AIX
 
+static jboolean isIPv4MappedGroup(struct group_source_req *req) {
+    struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)&req->gsr_group;
+    return IN6_IS_ADDR_V4MAPPED(&sin6->sin6_addr) ? JNI_TRUE : JNI_FALSE;
+}
+
 /*
  * Checks whether or not "socket extensions for multicast source filters" is supported.
  * Returns JNI_TRUE if it is supported, JNI_FALSE otherwise
@@ -225,7 +230,7 @@ Java_sun_nio_ch_Net_shouldSetBothIPv4AndIPv6Options0(JNIEnv* env, jclass cl)
 JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
 Java_sun_nio_ch_Net_canIPv6SocketJoinIPv4Group0(JNIEnv* env, jclass cl)
 {
-#if defined(__linux__) || defined(__APPLE__)
+#if defined(__linux__) || defined(__APPLE__) || defined(_AIX)
     /* IPv6 sockets can join IPv4 multicast groups */
     return JNI_TRUE;
 #else
@@ -237,7 +242,7 @@ Java_sun_nio_ch_Net_canIPv6SocketJoinIPv4Group0(JNIEnv* env, jclass cl)
 JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
 Java_sun_nio_ch_Net_canJoin6WithIPv4Group0(JNIEnv* env, jclass cl)
 {
-#if defined(__APPLE__)
+#if defined(__APPLE__) || defined(_AIX)
     /* IPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP can be used to join IPv4 multicast groups */
     return JNI_TRUE;
 #else
@@ -767,6 +772,11 @@ Java_sun_nio_ch_Net_joinOrDrop6(JNIEnv *env, jobject this, jboolean join, jobjec
     if (n < 0) {
         if (join && (errno == ENOPROTOOPT || errno == EOPNOTSUPP))
             return IOS_UNAVAILABLE;
+#ifdef _AIX
+        // AIX rejects MCAST_*_SOURCE_GROUP for IPv4-mapped groups with EINVAL
+        if (source != NULL && errno == EINVAL && isIPv4MappedGroup(&req))
+            return IOS_UNAVAILABLE;
+#endif
         handleSocketErrorWithMessage(env, errno, "setsockopt failed");
     }
     return 0;
@@ -791,6 +801,11 @@ Java_sun_nio_ch_Net_blockOrUnblock6(JNIEnv *env, jobject this, jboolean block, j
     if (n < 0) {
         if (block && (errno == ENOPROTOOPT || errno == EOPNOTSUPP))
             return IOS_UNAVAILABLE;
+#ifdef _AIX
+        // AIX rejects MCAST_BLOCK/UNBLOCK_SOURCE for IPv4-mapped groups with EINVAL
+        if (errno == EINVAL && isIPv4MappedGroup(&req))
+            return IOS_UNAVAILABLE;
+#endif
         handleSocketError(env, errno);
     }
     return 0;
@@ -990,4 +1005,3 @@ Java_sun_nio_ch_Net_sendOOB(JNIEnv* env, jclass this, jobject fdo, jbyte b)
     int n = send(fdval(env, fdo), (const void*)&b, 1, MSG_OOB);
     return convertReturnVal(env, n, JNI_FALSE);
 }
-
diff --git a/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt b/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
index ecf829ad484..1896f0231d3 100644
--- a/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
@@ -446,17 +446,14 @@ javax/management/remote/mandatory/connection/BrokenConnectionTest.java 8262312 l
 java/net/DatagramSocket/DatagramSocketExample.java              8308807 aix-ppc64
 java/net/DatagramSocket/DatagramSocketMulticasting.java         8308807 aix-ppc64
 
-java/net/MulticastSocket/B6427403.java                          8308807 aix-ppc64
 java/net/MulticastSocket/IPMulticastIF.java                     8308807 aix-ppc64
 java/net/MulticastSocket/JoinLeave.java                         8308807 aix-ppc64
-java/net/MulticastSocket/MulticastAddresses.java                8308807 aix-ppc64
 java/net/MulticastSocket/NoLoopbackPackets.java                 7122846,8308807 macosx-all,aix-ppc64
 java/net/MulticastSocket/NoSetNetworkInterface.java             8308807 aix-ppc64
-java/net/MulticastSocket/Promiscuous.java                       8308807 aix-ppc64
 java/net/MulticastSocket/SetGetNetworkInterfaceTest.java        8308807 aix-ppc64
 java/net/MulticastSocket/SetLoopbackMode.java                   7122846,8308807 macosx-all,aix-ppc64
 java/net/MulticastSocket/SetOutgoingIf.java                     8308807 aix-ppc64
-java/net/MulticastSocket/Test.java                              7145658,8308807 macosx-all,aix-ppc64
+java/net/MulticastSocket/Test.java                              7145658 macosx-all
 
 ############################################################################
 

From c92288eb8db0eab21773ad3a26b755d2af220105 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Axel Boldt-Christmas <aboldtch@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 2026 09:42:20 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 637/707] 8390299: Unify *oop type hierarchy with *oopDesc type
 hierarchy

Reviewed-by: stefank, fbredberg
---
 src/hotspot/share/oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp | 77 +++++++++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 47 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp
index 03c6850f00b..83f2ad86613 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp
@@ -82,6 +82,10 @@ using CheckOopFunctionPointer = void(*)(oopDesc*);
 extern CheckOopFunctionPointer check_oop_function;
 
 class oop {
+public:
+  using DescType = oopDesc;
+
+private:
   oopDesc* _o;
 
   void register_oop();
@@ -125,41 +129,54 @@ struct PrimitiveConversions::Translate<oop> : public std::true_type {
   static Value recover(Decayed x) { return oop(x); }
 };
 
-#define DEF_OOP(type)                                                          \
-   class type##OopDesc;                                                        \
-   class type##Oop : public oop {                                              \
-     public:                                                                   \
-       type##Oop() : oop() {}                                                  \
-       type##Oop(const type##Oop& o) : oop(o) {}                               \
-       type##Oop(const oop& o) : oop(o) {}                                     \
-       type##Oop(type##OopDesc* o) : oop((oopDesc*)o) {}                       \
-       operator type##OopDesc* () const { return (type##OopDesc*)obj(); }      \
-       type##OopDesc* operator->() const {                                     \
-            return (type##OopDesc*)obj();                                      \
-       }                                                                       \
-       type##Oop& operator=(const type##Oop& o) {                              \
-            oop::operator=(o);                                                 \
-            return *this;                                                      \
-       }                                                                       \
-   };                                                                          \
+#define DEF_OOP_IMPL(OopType, OopDescType, BaseOopType)                        \
+  class OopDescType;                                                           \
+  class OopType : public BaseOopType {                                         \
+  public:                                                                      \
+    using DescType = OopDescType;                                              \
+    OopType() : BaseOopType() {}                                               \
+    OopType(std::nullptr_t) : BaseOopType() {}                                 \
+    OopType(const OopType& o) : BaseOopType(o) {}                              \
+    explicit OopType(const oop& o) : BaseOopType(o) {}                         \
+    OopType(DescType* o) : BaseOopType((BaseOopType::DescType*)o) {}           \
+    operator DescType*() const { return (DescType*)obj(); }                    \
+    DescType* operator->() const { return (DescType*)obj(); }                  \
+    OopType& operator=(std::nullptr_t) {                                       \
+      BaseOopType::operator=(nullptr);                                         \
+      return *this;                                                            \
+    }                                                                          \
+    OopType& operator=(const OopType& o) {                                     \
+      BaseOopType::operator=(o);                                               \
+      return *this;                                                            \
+    }                                                                          \
+    OopType& operator=(const oop& o) = delete;                                 \
+  };                                                                           \
                                                                                \
-   template<>                                                                  \
-   struct PrimitiveConversions::Translate<type##Oop> : public std::true_type { \
-     typedef type##Oop Value;                                                  \
-     typedef type##OopDesc* Decayed;                                           \
+  template <>                                                                  \
+  struct PrimitiveConversions::Translate<OopType> : public std::true_type {    \
+    typedef OopType Value;                                                     \
+    typedef OopType::DescType* Decayed;                                        \
                                                                                \
-     static Decayed decay(Value x) { return (type##OopDesc*)x.obj(); }         \
-     static Value recover(Decayed x) { return type##Oop(x); }                  \
-   };
+    static Decayed decay(Value x) { return (OopType::DescType*)x.obj(); }      \
+    static Value recover(Decayed x) { return OopType(x); }                     \
+  };
+
+#define DEF_OOP_BASE(type, base)                                               \
+  DEF_OOP_IMPL(type##Oop, type##OopDesc, base##Oop)
+#define DEF_OOP(type) DEF_OOP_IMPL(type##Oop, type##OopDesc, oop)
 
 DEF_OOP(instance);
-DEF_OOP(inline);
-DEF_OOP(stackChunk);
+DEF_OOP_BASE(inline, instance);
+DEF_OOP_BASE(stackChunk, instance);
 DEF_OOP(array);
-DEF_OOP(objArray);
-DEF_OOP(typeArray);
-DEF_OOP(flatArray);
-DEF_OOP(refArray);
+DEF_OOP_BASE(objArray, array);
+DEF_OOP_BASE(typeArray, array);
+DEF_OOP_BASE(flatArray, objArray);
+DEF_OOP_BASE(refArray, objArray);
+
+#undef DEF_OOP_IMPL
+#undef DEF_OOP_BASE
+#undef DEF_OOP
 
 #endif // CHECK_UNHANDLED_OOPS
 

From 03530368cc7e2f1e5a15226d081eb495646b01fc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Timofei Fedotov <sovtouch@altlinux.org>
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 2026 10:55:24 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 638/707] 8389941: JvmtiEnv::FollowReferences has unreachable
 code in jvmtiEnv.cpp

Reviewed-by: asemenov, dholmes
---
 src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnv.cpp | 4 +---
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnv.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnv.cpp
index 2bb6d994c61..238d2a7c2c1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiEnv.cpp
@@ -1913,9 +1913,7 @@ JvmtiEnv::FollowReferences(jint heap_filter, jclass klass, jobject initial_objec
       return JVMTI_ERROR_NONE;
     }
     k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(k_mirror);
-    if (klass == nullptr) {
-      return JVMTI_ERROR_INVALID_CLASS;
-    }
+    assert(k != nullptr, "k_mirror is not null and not primitive, must have a valid klass");
   }
 
   if (initial_object != nullptr) {

From 91c6a3319a8e3d65077ed0850f1e71b8d4e9d1cb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jatin Bhateja <jbhateja@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 2026 10:58:32 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 639/707] 8388873: C2: AddHF is wrongly reassociated using
 AddNode::Ideal

Reviewed-by: qamai, dlong
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/addnode.cpp            |  19 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/addnode.hpp            |  27 +--
 src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp             |   2 +-
 .../irTests/AddHFNodeIdealizationTests.java   | 166 ++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 190 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/AddHFNodeIdealizationTests.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/addnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/addnode.cpp
index 4ac91427eef..ebb41e552a2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/addnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/addnode.cpp
@@ -697,6 +697,13 @@ const Type *AddLNode::add_ring( const Type *t0, const Type *t1 ) const {
 }
 
 
+//=============================================================================
+//------------------------------Ideal------------------------------------------
+Node* AddFPNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape) {
+  // Floating-point addition is commutative but not associative.
+  return commute(phase, this) ? this : nullptr;
+}
+
 //=============================================================================
 //------------------------------add_of_identity--------------------------------
 // Check for addition of the identity
@@ -724,12 +731,6 @@ const Type *AddFNode::add_ring( const Type *t0, const Type *t1 ) const {
   return TypeF::make( t0->getf() + t1->getf() );
 }
 
-//------------------------------Ideal------------------------------------------
-Node *AddFNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
-  // Floating point additions are not associative because of boundary conditions (infinity)
-  return commute(phase, this) ? this : nullptr;
-}
-
 //=============================================================================
 //------------------------------add_of_identity--------------------------------
 // Check for addition of the identity
@@ -773,12 +774,6 @@ const Type *AddDNode::add_ring( const Type *t0, const Type *t1 ) const {
   return TypeD::make( t0->getd() + t1->getd() );
 }
 
-//------------------------------Ideal------------------------------------------
-Node *AddDNode::Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape) {
-  // Floating point additions are not associative because of boundary conditions (infinity)
-  return commute(phase, this) ? this : nullptr;
-}
-
 
 //=============================================================================
 //------------------------------Identity---------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/addnode.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/addnode.hpp
index 793eff8dd5d..1d78a3e5a67 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/addnode.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/addnode.hpp
@@ -166,45 +166,51 @@ class AddLNode : public AddNode {
   virtual uint ideal_reg() const { return Op_RegL; }
 };
 
+//------------------------------AddFPNode--------------------------------------
+// Add 2 floats, doubles, or half-precision floats
+class AddFPNode : public AddNode {
+protected:
+  AddFPNode(Node* in1, Node* in2) : AddNode(in1, in2) {}
+public:
+  virtual Node* Ideal(PhaseGVN* phase, bool can_reshape);
+  virtual Node* Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) { return this; }
+};
+
 //------------------------------AddFNode---------------------------------------
 // Add 2 floats
-class AddFNode : public AddNode {
+class AddFNode : public AddFPNode {
 public:
-  AddFNode( Node *in1, Node *in2 ) : AddNode(in1,in2) {}
+  AddFNode( Node *in1, Node *in2 ) : AddFPNode(in1,in2) {}
   virtual int Opcode() const;
-  virtual Node *Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape);
   virtual const Type *add_of_identity( const Type *t1, const Type *t2 ) const;
   virtual const Type *add_ring( const Type *, const Type * ) const;
   virtual const Type *add_id() const { return TypeF::ZERO; }
   virtual const Type *bottom_type() const { return Type::FLOAT; }
   int max_opcode() const { return Op_MaxF; }
   int min_opcode() const { return Op_MinF; }
-  virtual Node* Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) { return this; }
   virtual uint ideal_reg() const { return Op_RegF; }
 };
 
 //------------------------------AddDNode---------------------------------------
 // Add 2 doubles
-class AddDNode : public AddNode {
+class AddDNode : public AddFPNode {
 public:
-  AddDNode( Node *in1, Node *in2 ) : AddNode(in1,in2) {}
+  AddDNode( Node *in1, Node *in2 ) : AddFPNode(in1,in2) {}
   virtual int Opcode() const;
-  virtual Node *Ideal(PhaseGVN *phase, bool can_reshape);
   virtual const Type *add_of_identity( const Type *t1, const Type *t2 ) const;
   virtual const Type *add_ring( const Type *, const Type * ) const;
   virtual const Type *add_id() const { return TypeD::ZERO; }
   virtual const Type *bottom_type() const { return Type::DOUBLE; }
   int max_opcode() const { return Op_MaxD; }
   int min_opcode() const { return Op_MinD; }
-  virtual Node* Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) { return this; }
   virtual uint ideal_reg() const { return Op_RegD; }
 };
 
 //------------------------------AddHFNode---------------------------------------
 // Add 2 half-precision floats
-class AddHFNode : public AddNode {
+class AddHFNode : public AddFPNode {
 public:
-  AddHFNode(Node* in1, Node* in2) : AddNode(in1,in2) {}
+  AddHFNode(Node* in1, Node* in2) : AddFPNode(in1, in2) {}
   virtual int Opcode() const;
   virtual const Type* add_of_identity(const Type* t1, const Type* t2) const;
   virtual const Type* add_ring(const Type*, const Type*) const;
@@ -212,7 +218,6 @@ class AddHFNode : public AddNode {
   virtual const Type* bottom_type() const { return Type::HALF_FLOAT; }
   int max_opcode() const { return Op_MaxHF; }
   int min_opcode() const { return Op_MinHF; }
-  virtual Node* Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) { return this; }
   virtual uint ideal_reg() const { return Op_RegF; }
 };
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
index 9ec0af0e170..2aabccfc3a5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
@@ -1431,7 +1431,7 @@ void PhaseIterGVN::verify_Ideal_for(Node* n, bool can_reshape, bool deep_revisit
     //   }
     //   break; // keep verifying
 
-    // AddFNode::Ideal calls "commute", which can reorder the inputs for this:
+    // AddFPNode::Ideal calls "commute", which can reorder the inputs for this:
     //   Check for tight loop increments: Loop-phi of Add of loop-phi
     // It wants to take the phi into in(1):
     //    471  Phi  === 435 38 390
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/AddHFNodeIdealizationTests.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/AddHFNodeIdealizationTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f4e71cdc7fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/irTests/AddHFNodeIdealizationTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package compiler.c2.irTests;
+
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import compiler.lib.verify.Verify;
+import jdk.incubator.vector.Float16;
+import static jdk.incubator.vector.Float16.valueOf;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8388873
+ * @summary Test that AddHFNode is not reassociated.
+ * @modules jdk.incubator.vector
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+public class AddHFNodeIdealizationTests {
+
+    private static final Float16 SMALL = valueOf(3.0e-4f);
+    private static final Float16 HALF  = valueOf(0.5f);
+    private static final Float16 ONE   = valueOf(1.0f);
+
+    private Float16 a1    = valueOf(1.0f);
+    private Float16 a1024 = valueOf(1024.0f);
+    private Float16 a2048 = valueOf(2048.0f);
+    private Float16 b     = valueOf(1.0f);
+    private Float16 bHalf = valueOf(0.5f);
+
+    private Float16 dst1;
+    private Float16 dst2;
+    private Float16 dst3;
+    private Float16 dst4;
+    private Float16 dst5;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        TestFramework.runWithFlags("--add-modules=jdk.incubator.vector");
+    }
+
+    // Same semantics as Float16.add, but force-inlined so the ConvF2HF idealization
+    // can pattern-match ConvF2HF(AddF(ConvHF2F(x), ConvHF2F(y))) into AddHF.
+    @ForceInline
+    private static Float16 add(Float16 x, Float16 y) {
+        return valueOf(x.floatValue() + y.floatValue());
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    private static Float16 addHF(Float16 x, Float16 y) {
+        // Single, rounded Float16 addition: (x + y).
+        return valueOf(x.floatValue() + y.floatValue());
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    private static Float16 goldLeft(Float16 x, Float16 y, Float16 z) {
+        // ((x + y) + z)
+        return addHF(addHF(x, y), z);
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    private static Float16 goldRight(Float16 x, Float16 y, Float16 z) {
+        // (x + (y + z))
+        return addHF(x, addHF(y, z));
+    }
+
+    @DontCompile
+    private static Float16 goldChain(Float16 x, Float16 c1, Float16 c2, Float16 c3) {
+        // (((x + c1) + c2) + c3)
+        return addHF(addHF(addHF(x, c1), c2), c3);
+    }
+
+    // Pattern 1: "(x + c1) + c2" -> "x + (c1 + c2)" (combine constants).
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.ADD_HF, "2"},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx512_fp16", "true", "zfh", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.ADD_HF, "2"},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"fphp", "true", "asimdhp", "true"})
+    public void test1() {
+        dst1 = add(add(a1, SMALL), SMALL);
+    }
+
+    @Check(test = "test1")
+    public void check1() {
+        Verify.checkEQ(dst1, goldLeft(a1, SMALL, SMALL));
+    }
+
+    // Pattern 1 with a large operand, where the rounding difference is
+    // large and easy to observe: (1024 + 0.5) + 0.5.
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.ADD_HF, "2"},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx512_fp16", "true", "zfh", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.ADD_HF, "2"},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"fphp", "true", "asimdhp", "true"})
+    public void test2() {
+        dst2 = add(add(a1024, HALF), HALF);
+    }
+
+    @Check(test = "test2")
+    public void check2() {
+        Verify.checkEQ(dst2, goldLeft(a1024, HALF, HALF));
+    }
+
+    // Pattern 1, longer chain: "((x + c1) + c2) + c3". Without the fix the
+    // three constants collapse into one, leaving a single AddHF; with the
+    // fix all three additions survive.
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.ADD_HF, "3"},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx512_fp16", "true", "zfh", "true"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.ADD_HF, "3"},
+        applyIfCPUFeatureAnd = {"fphp", "true", "asimdhp", "true"})
+    public void test3() {
+        dst3 = add(add(add(a2048, ONE), ONE), ONE);
+    }
+
+    @Check(test = "test3")
+    public void check3() {
+        Verify.checkEQ(dst3, goldChain(a2048, ONE, ONE, ONE));
+    }
+
+    // Pattern 2: "(x + c) + y" -> "(x + y) + c" (push constant down).
+    // The node count stays at two, so only the numeric result exposes the bug.
+
+    @Test
+    public void test4() {
+        dst4 = add(add(a1024, HALF), b);
+    }
+
+    @Check(test = "test4")
+    public void check4() {
+        Verify.checkEQ(dst4, goldLeft(a1024, HALF, b));
+    }
+
+    // Pattern 3: "x + (y + c)" -> "(x + y) + c" (push constant down).
+
+    @Test
+    public void test5() {
+        dst5 = add(a1024, add(bHalf, HALF));
+    }
+
+    @Check(test = "test5")
+    public void check5() {
+        Verify.checkEQ(dst5, goldRight(a1024, bHalf, HALF));
+    }
+}

From 19525c7986ce56fecbb8e6128b94d5f3e5a07f70 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Guanqiang Han <ghan@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 2026 12:25:21 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 640/707] 8389932: C2: Merge bits F and G in VerifyIterativeGVN
 together

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, mchevalier, kvn
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp         |  6 ++--
 src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp             | 31 ++++++-------------
 src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp             | 22 ++++++-------
 .../flags/jvmFlagConstraintsCompiler.cpp      |  2 +-
 .../compiler/c2/TestVerifyIterativeGVN.java   |  4 +--
 5 files changed, 24 insertions(+), 41 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
index e1216b1e9ef..2de571e324a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
@@ -727,10 +727,8 @@
           "the IGVN worklist drains")                                       \
                                                                             \
   develop(uint, VerifyIterativeGVN, 0,                                      \
-          "Verify Iterative Global Value Numbering =GFEDCBA, with:"         \
-          "  G: verify Node::Identity return an existing node"              \
-          "  F: verify Node::Ideal does not return nullptr if the node"     \
-                "hash has changed"                                          \
+          "Verify Iterative Global Value Numbering =FEDCBA, with:"          \
+          "  F: verify IGVN method return invariants"                       \
           "  E: verify node specific invariants"                            \
           "  D: verify Node::Identity did not miss opportunities"           \
           "  C: verify Node::Ideal did not miss opportunities"              \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
index 2aabccfc3a5..77c2fd27a50 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.cpp
@@ -686,9 +686,9 @@ Node* PhaseGVN::apply_ideal(Node* k, bool can_reshape) {
 }
 
 Node* PhaseGVN::apply_identity(Node* n) {
-  DEBUG_ONLY(uint old_unique = is_verify_Identity_return() ? C->unique() : 0;)
+  DEBUG_ONLY(uint old_unique = is_verify_IGVN_method_return() ? C->unique() : 0;)
   Node* const i = n->Identity(this);
-  assert(!is_verify_Identity_return() || i->_idx < old_unique,
+  assert(!is_verify_IGVN_method_return() || i->_idx < old_unique,
          "Identity() must return an existing node");
   return i;
 }
@@ -2235,18 +2235,12 @@ Node *PhaseIterGVN::transform_old(Node* n) {
   DEBUG_ONLY(dead_loop_check(k);)
   DEBUG_ONLY(bool is_new = (k->outcnt() == 0);)
   C->remove_modified_node(k);
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-  uint hash_before = is_verify_Ideal_return() ? k->hash() : 0;
-#endif
+  DEBUG_ONLY(uint hash_before = is_verify_IGVN_method_return() ? k->hash() : 0;)
   Node* i = apply_ideal(k, /*can_reshape=*/true);
   assert(i != k || is_new || i->outcnt() > 0, "don't return dead nodes");
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-  if (is_verify_Ideal_return()) {
-    assert(k->outcnt() == 0 || i != nullptr || hash_before == k->hash(), "hash changed after Ideal returned nullptr for %s", k->Name());
-  }
-  verify_step(k);
-#endif
-
+  assert(!is_verify_IGVN_method_return() || k->outcnt() == 0 ||
+         i != nullptr || hash_before == k->hash(), "hash changed after Ideal returned nullptr for %s", k->Name());
+  NOT_PRODUCT(verify_step(k);)
   DEBUG_ONLY(uint loop_count = 1;)
   if (i != nullptr) {
     set_progress();
@@ -2270,17 +2264,12 @@ Node *PhaseIterGVN::transform_old(Node* n) {
     // Try idealizing again
     DEBUG_ONLY(is_new = (k->outcnt() == 0);)
     C->remove_modified_node(k);
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-    uint hash_before = is_verify_Ideal_return() ? k->hash() : 0;
-#endif
+    DEBUG_ONLY(uint hash_before = is_verify_IGVN_method_return() ? k->hash() : 0;)
     i = apply_ideal(k, /*can_reshape=*/true);
     assert(i != k || is_new || (i->outcnt() > 0), "don't return dead nodes");
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-    if (is_verify_Ideal_return()) {
-      assert(k->outcnt() == 0 || i != nullptr || hash_before == k->hash(), "hash changed after Ideal returned nullptr for %s", k->Name());
-    }
-    verify_step(k);
-#endif
+    assert(!is_verify_IGVN_method_return() || k->outcnt() == 0 ||
+           i != nullptr || hash_before == k->hash(), "hash changed after Ideal returned nullptr for %s", k->Name());
+    NOT_PRODUCT(verify_step(k);)
     DEBUG_ONLY(loop_count++;)
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp
index c6fb61ec5c9..4e706f8c478 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/phaseX.hpp
@@ -458,12 +458,12 @@ class PhaseGVN : public PhaseValues {
   void dump_infinite_loop_info(Node* n, const char* where);
   // Check for a simple dead loop when a data node references itself.
   void dead_loop_check(Node *n);
-#endif
-
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-  static bool is_verify_Identity_return() {
-    // '-XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=1000000'
-    return ((VerifyIterativeGVN % 10'000'000) / 1'000'000) == 1;
+  // This checks that:
+  // - Identity() returns only existing nodes (GVN and IGVN).
+  // - Ideal() does not return nullptr if the node's hash has changed (IGVN).
+  static bool is_verify_IGVN_method_return() {
+    // '-XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=100000'
+    return ((VerifyIterativeGVN % 1'000'000) / 100'000) == 1;
   }
 #endif
 };
@@ -678,19 +678,15 @@ class PhaseIterGVN : public PhaseGVN {
   }
   static bool is_verify_Ideal() {
     // '-XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=100'
-    return ((VerifyIterativeGVN % 1000) / 100) == 1;
+    return ((VerifyIterativeGVN % 1'000) / 100) == 1;
   }
   static bool is_verify_Identity() {
     // '-XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=1000'
-    return ((VerifyIterativeGVN % 10000) / 1000) == 1;
+    return ((VerifyIterativeGVN % 10'000) / 1'000) == 1;
   }
   static bool is_verify_invariants() {
     // '-XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=10000'
-    return ((VerifyIterativeGVN % 100000) / 10000) == 1;
-  }
-  static bool is_verify_Ideal_return() {
-    // '-XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=100000'
-    return ((VerifyIterativeGVN % 1000000) / 100000) == 1;
+    return ((VerifyIterativeGVN % 100'000) / 10'000) == 1;
   }
 protected:
   // Sub-quadratic implementation of '-XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=1' (Use-Def verification).
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/flags/jvmFlagConstraintsCompiler.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/flags/jvmFlagConstraintsCompiler.cpp
index d48bc1e93a5..24d55c2d52d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/flags/jvmFlagConstraintsCompiler.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/flags/jvmFlagConstraintsCompiler.cpp
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ JVMFlag::Error TypeProfileLevelConstraintFunc(uint value, bool verbose) {
 }
 
 JVMFlag::Error VerifyIterativeGVNConstraintFunc(uint value, bool verbose) {
-  const int max_modes = 7;
+  const int max_modes = 6;
   uint original_value = value;
   for (int i = 0; i < max_modes; i++) {
     if (value % 10 > 1) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestVerifyIterativeGVN.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestVerifyIterativeGVN.java
index be8fbc79d0b..d9340beaaf4 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestVerifyIterativeGVN.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestVerifyIterativeGVN.java
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@
  * @test
  * @bug 8238756 8351889
  * @requires vm.debug == true & vm.flavor == "server"
- * @summary Run with -Xcomp to test -XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=1111111 in debug builds.
+ * @summary Run with -Xcomp to test -XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=111111 in debug builds.
  *
- * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xcomp -XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=1111111 compiler.c2.TestVerifyIterativeGVN
+ * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xcomp -XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=111111 compiler.c2.TestVerifyIterativeGVN
  */
 package compiler.c2;
 

From b0823242c7021681868b6167748dcaf5abf9f43a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Suchismith Roy <sroy@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 2026 12:39:17 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 641/707] 8372384: Remove unused local variable in
 MacroAssembler::sha512_update_sha_state on PPC

Reviewed-by: rrich, amitkumar
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/macroAssembler_ppc_sha.cpp | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/macroAssembler_ppc_sha.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/macroAssembler_ppc_sha.cpp
index bdf2d8d268a..c7f9544be11 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/macroAssembler_ppc_sha.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/macroAssembler_ppc_sha.cpp
@@ -613,7 +613,6 @@ void MacroAssembler::sha512_update_sha_state(const Register state,
   VectorRegister ini_e = VR14;
   VectorRegister ini_g = VR16;
   static const VectorRegister inis[] = {ini_a, ini_c, ini_e, ini_g};
-  static const int total_inis = sizeof(inis)/sizeof(VectorRegister);
 
   Label state_save_aligned, after_state_save_aligned;
 

From 7bc01544236d8e6e2d3d0b9d72e4c9e736b57c62 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 2026 12:39:54 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 642/707] 8390451: [Valhalla] Array re-materialization loses
 properties

Reviewed-by: qamai, fparain, jsjolen
---
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.cpp      | 18 +++++---
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp      |  8 ++--
 src/hotspot/share/oops/arrayKlass.hpp         | 40 ++++++++++++++++-
 src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.hpp      |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/output.cpp             | 36 ++++++++-------
 src/hotspot/share/opto/type.cpp               |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp  |  5 ++-
 .../inlinetypes/TestReferenceArrayClone.java  | 45 +++++++++++++++----
 8 files changed, 119 insertions(+), 37 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.cpp
index a90b23b558d..1aa8b398ea4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -137,7 +137,8 @@ ciSymbol* ciObjArrayKlass::construct_array_name(ciSymbol* element_name,
 // ciObjArrayKlass::make_impl
 //
 // Implementation of make.
-ciObjArrayKlass* ciObjArrayKlass::make_impl(ciKlass* element_klass, bool refined_type, bool null_free, bool atomic) {
+ciObjArrayKlass* ciObjArrayKlass::make_impl(ciKlass* element_klass, bool refined_type, bool null_free,
+                                            bool atomic, bool force_ref_layout) {
   if (element_klass->is_loaded()) {
     EXCEPTION_CONTEXT;
     // The element klass is loaded
@@ -158,13 +159,19 @@ ciObjArrayKlass* ciObjArrayKlass::make_impl(ciKlass* element_klass, bool refined
       .with_null_restricted(null_free)
       .with_non_atomic(!atomic);
 
-    array = ObjArrayKlass::cast(array)->klass_with_properties(props, THREAD);
+    if (force_ref_layout) {
+      const ArrayDescription description(Klass::RefArrayKlassKind, props, LayoutKind::REFERENCE);
+      array = ObjArrayKlass::cast(array)->klass_from_description(description, THREAD);
+    } else {
+      array = ObjArrayKlass::cast(array)->klass_with_properties(props, THREAD);
+    }
     if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
       CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
       CURRENT_THREAD_ENV->record_out_of_memory_failure();
       return ciEnv::unloaded_ciobjarrayklass();
     }
     assert(array != nullptr, "klass_with_properties should return a klass or throw");
+    assert(!force_ref_layout || array->is_refArray_klass(), "must be a reference array klass");
     if (array->is_flatArray_klass()) {
       return CURRENT_THREAD_ENV->get_flat_array_klass(array);
     } else {
@@ -186,8 +193,9 @@ ciObjArrayKlass* ciObjArrayKlass::make_impl(ciKlass* element_klass, bool refined
 // ciObjArrayKlass::make
 //
 // Make an array klass corresponding to the specified primitive type.
-ciObjArrayKlass* ciObjArrayKlass::make(ciKlass* element_klass, bool refined_type, bool null_free, bool atomic) {
-  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return make_impl(element_klass, refined_type, null_free, atomic);)
+ciObjArrayKlass* ciObjArrayKlass::make(ciKlass* element_klass, bool refined_type, bool null_free,
+                                       bool atomic, bool force_ref_layout) {
+  GUARDED_VM_ENTRY(return make_impl(element_klass, refined_type, null_free, atomic, force_ref_layout);)
 }
 
 ciObjArrayKlass* ciObjArrayKlass::make(ciKlass* element_klass, int dims) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp
index b79e65afe8d..ddea7278ec8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -50,7 +50,8 @@ class ciObjArrayKlass : public ciArrayKlass {
     return ObjArrayKlass::cast(get_Klass());
   }
 
-  static ciObjArrayKlass* make_impl(ciKlass* element_klass, bool refined_type = false, bool null_free = false, bool atomic = true);
+  static ciObjArrayKlass* make_impl(ciKlass* element_klass, bool refined_type = false, bool null_free = false,
+                                    bool atomic = true, bool force_reference_layout = false);
   static ciSymbol* construct_array_name(ciSymbol* element_name,
                                         int       dimension);
 
@@ -69,7 +70,8 @@ class ciObjArrayKlass : public ciArrayKlass {
   // What kind of ciObject is this?
   bool is_obj_array_klass() const { return true; }
 
-  static ciObjArrayKlass* make(ciKlass* element_klass, bool refined_type = true, bool null_free = false, bool atomic = true);
+  static ciObjArrayKlass* make(ciKlass* element_klass, bool refined_type = true, bool null_free = false,
+                               bool atomic = true, bool force_ref_layout = false);
   static ciObjArrayKlass* make(ciKlass* element_klass, int dims);
 
   virtual ciKlass* exact_klass();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/arrayKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/arrayKlass.hpp
index 7144818246e..a9fa993e1b6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/arrayKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/arrayKlass.hpp
@@ -152,6 +152,20 @@ class ArrayKlass: public Klass {
 };
 
 class ArrayDescription : public StackObj {
+  // Layout for uint32_t encoding
+  //
+  // 31             24 23            16 15                           0
+  // +----------------+----------------+-----------------------------+
+  // |   KlassKind    |   LayoutKind   |      ArrayProperties        |
+  // +----------------+----------------+-----------------------------+
+  //      8 bits           8 bits                16 bits
+  static constexpr uint32_t _layout_kind_shift = 16;
+  static constexpr uint32_t _kind_shift = 24;
+
+  static constexpr uint32_t _properties_mask = (1u << _layout_kind_shift) - 1;
+  static constexpr uint32_t _layout_kind_mask = (1u << (_kind_shift - _layout_kind_shift)) - 1;
+  static constexpr uint32_t _kind_mask = (1u << (32 - _kind_shift)) - 1;
+
 public:
   Klass::KlassKind _kind;
   ArrayProperties  _properties;
@@ -168,6 +182,30 @@ class ArrayDescription : public StackObj {
     const bool non_atomic = lk != LayoutKind::REFERENCE && !LayoutKindHelper::is_atomic_flat(lk);
     _properties = p.with_non_atomic(non_atomic);
   }
- };
+
+  uint32_t value() const {
+    assert((_properties.value() & ~_properties_mask) == 0, "array properties do not fit into encoding");
+
+    uint32_t layout_kind_value = static_cast<uint32_t>(_layout_kind);
+    assert((layout_kind_value & ~_layout_kind_mask) == 0, "layout kind does not fit into encoding");
+
+    uint32_t kind_value = static_cast<uint32_t>(_kind);
+    assert((kind_value & ~_kind_mask) == 0, "klass kind does not fit into encoding");
+
+    return _properties.value() | (layout_kind_value << _layout_kind_shift) | (kind_value << _kind_shift);
+  }
+
+  static ArrayDescription from_value(uint32_t value) {
+    ArrayProperties properties(value & _properties_mask);
+
+    uint32_t layout_kind_value = (value >> _layout_kind_shift) & _layout_kind_mask;
+    LayoutKind layout_kind = static_cast<LayoutKind>(layout_kind_value);
+
+    uint32_t kind_value = (value >> _kind_shift) & _kind_mask;
+    Klass::KlassKind kind = static_cast<Klass::KlassKind>(kind_value);
+
+    return ArrayDescription(kind, properties, layout_kind);
+  }
+};
 
 #endif // SHARE_OOPS_ARRAYKLASS_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.hpp
index 16b3170fdda..934eedcbf6a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/objArrayKlass.hpp
@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ class ObjArrayKlass : public ArrayKlass {
 
   static ArrayDescription array_layout_selection(Klass* element, ArrayProperties properties);
   ObjArrayKlass* allocate_klass_from_description(ArrayDescription ad, TRAPS);
-  ObjArrayKlass* klass_from_description(ArrayDescription adesc, TRAPS);
 
   inline ObjArrayKlass* next_refined_array_klass_acquire() const;
   inline void release_set_next_refined_klass(ObjArrayKlass* ak);
@@ -74,6 +73,7 @@ class ObjArrayKlass : public ArrayKlass {
   Klass* element_klass() const      { return _element_klass; }
 
   ObjArrayKlass* klass_with_properties(ArrayProperties props, TRAPS);
+  ObjArrayKlass* klass_from_description(ArrayDescription adesc, TRAPS);
 
   ObjArrayKlass* next_refined_array_klass() const   { return _next_refined_array_klass; }
   bool find_refined_array_klass(ObjArrayKlass* k);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/output.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/output.cpp
index 8abe61f698f..45a6f206d70 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/output.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/output.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "asm/assembler.inline.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciFlatArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
 #include "code/compiledIC.hpp"
 #include "code/debugInfo.hpp"
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@
 #include "gc/shared/c2/barrierSetC2.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/gc_globals.hpp"
 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
+#include "oops/arrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "opto/ad.hpp"
 #include "opto/block.hpp"
 #include "opto/c2_MacroAssembler.hpp"
@@ -745,6 +747,22 @@ void PhaseOutput::set_sv_for_object_node(GrowableArray<ScopeValue*> *objs,
   objs->append(sv);
 }
 
+static jint array_description_value(const TypeAryPtr* ary_type) {
+  ciArrayKlass* array_klass = ary_type->exact_klass()->as_array_klass();
+  const bool is_element_inline = array_klass->element_klass()->is_inlinetype();
+  ArrayProperties properties = ArrayProperties::Default()
+      .with_null_restricted(is_element_inline && array_klass->is_elem_null_free())
+      .with_non_atomic(is_element_inline && !array_klass->is_elem_atomic());
+
+  LayoutKind layout_kind = LayoutKind::REFERENCE;
+  Klass::KlassKind kind = Klass::RefArrayKlassKind;
+  if (ary_type->is_flat()) {
+    layout_kind = array_klass->as_flat_array_klass()->layout_kind();
+    kind = Klass::FlatArrayKlassKind;
+  }
+  return (jint)ArrayDescription(kind, properties, layout_kind).value();
+}
+
 
 void PhaseOutput::FillLocArray( int idx, MachSafePointNode* sfpt, Node *local,
                             GrowableArray<ScopeValue*> *array,
@@ -792,14 +810,7 @@ void PhaseOutput::FillLocArray( int idx, MachSafePointNode* sfpt, Node *local,
         }
       }
       if (cik->is_array_klass() && !cik->is_type_array_klass()) {
-        ciArrayKlass* ciak = cik->as_array_klass();
-        const bool is_element_inline = ciak->element_klass()->is_inlinetype();
-
-        const ArrayProperties props = ArrayProperties::Default()
-          .with_null_restricted(is_element_inline && ciak->is_elem_null_free())
-          .with_non_atomic(is_element_inline && !ciak->is_elem_atomic());
-
-        properties = new ConstantIntValue((jint)props.value());
+        properties = new ConstantIntValue(array_description_value(t->is_aryptr()));
       }
       sv = new ObjectValue(spobj->_idx,
                            new ConstantOopWriteValue(cik->java_mirror()->constant_encoding()), true, properties);
@@ -1143,14 +1154,7 @@ void PhaseOutput::Process_OopMap_Node(MachNode *mach, int current_offset) {
           assert(!cik->is_inlinetype(), "Synchronization on value object?");
           ScopeValue* properties = nullptr;
           if (cik->is_array_klass() && !cik->is_type_array_klass()) {
-            ciArrayKlass* ciak = cik->as_array_klass();
-            const bool is_element_inline = ciak->element_klass()->is_inlinetype();
-
-            const ArrayProperties props = ArrayProperties::Default()
-              .with_null_restricted(is_element_inline && ciak->is_elem_null_free())
-              .with_non_atomic(is_element_inline && !ciak->is_elem_atomic());
-
-            properties = new ConstantIntValue((jint)props.value());
+            properties = new ConstantIntValue(array_description_value(t->is_aryptr()));
           }
           ObjectValue* sv = new ObjectValue(spobj->_idx,
                                             new ConstantOopWriteValue(cik->java_mirror()->constant_encoding()), true, properties);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.cpp
index 09a4237ab0b..ec13d305228 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.cpp
@@ -7350,7 +7350,7 @@ ciKlass* TypeAryKlassPtr::exact_klass_helper() const {
       return nullptr;
     }
     assert(!k->is_array_klass() || !k->as_array_klass()->is_refined(), "no mechanism to create an array of refined arrays %s", k->name()->as_utf8());
-    k = ciArrayKlass::make(k, is_null_free(), is_atomic(), _refined_type);
+    k = ciObjArrayKlass::make(k, _refined_type, is_null_free(), is_atomic(), is_not_flat());
     return k;
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp
index bcf86d0f6a3..a0d304fe158 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/deoptimization.cpp
@@ -310,8 +310,9 @@ static Klass* get_refined_array_klass(Klass* k, frame* fr, RegisterMap* map, Obj
     assert(k->is_unrefined_objArray_klass(), "Expected unrefined array klass");
     nmethod* nm = fr->cb()->as_nmethod_or_null();
     assert(sv->has_properties(), "Property information is missing");
-    ArrayProperties props(checked_cast<ArrayProperties::Type>(StackValue::create_stack_value(fr, map, sv->properties())->get_jint()));
-    k = ObjArrayKlass::cast(k)->klass_with_properties(props, THREAD);
+    uint32_t value = checked_cast<uint32_t>(StackValue::create_stack_value(fr, map, sv->properties())->get_jint());
+    ArrayDescription description = ArrayDescription::from_value(value);
+    k = ObjArrayKlass::cast(k)->klass_from_description(description, THREAD);
   }
   return k;
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestReferenceArrayClone.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestReferenceArrayClone.java
index 681eb5687b0..df5f4878090 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestReferenceArrayClone.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestReferenceArrayClone.java
@@ -23,15 +23,18 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @summary Verify that clone preserves the layout of reference arrays.
- * @bug 8388256
+ * @summary Verify that C2 preserves the layout of reference array clones.
+ * @bug 8388256 8390451
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
  * @library /test/lib /
  * @enablePreview
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
- * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch ${test.main.class}
  * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:-UseTLAB
- *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::testClone
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test*
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:-UseTLAB -XX:-DoEscapeAnalysis
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test*
  *                   ${test.main.class}
  */
 
@@ -41,17 +44,43 @@
 import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
 
 public class TestReferenceArrayClone {
+    static final Integer[] ARRAY = (Integer[])ValueClass.newReferenceArray(Integer.class, 1);
+
     static Integer[] testClone(Integer[] a) {
         return a.clone();
     }
 
-    public static void main(String[] args) {
-        Integer[] array = (Integer[])ValueClass.newReferenceArray(Integer.class, 1);
+    static void testDeopt(boolean deopt) {
+        Integer[] array = (Integer[])ValueClass.newReferenceArray(Integer.class, 1).clone();
         array[0] = 42;
-        array = testClone(array);
-        Asserts.assertEQ(array[0], 42, "unexpected element");
+        if (deopt) {
+            verify(array);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void testDeoptClone(boolean deopt) {
+        Integer[] clone = ARRAY.clone();
+        if (deopt) {
+            verify(clone);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void verify(Integer[] array) {
         Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isFlatArray(array), "should not be flat");
         Asserts.assertFalse(ValueClass.isNullRestrictedArray(array), "should not be null-restricted");
         Asserts.assertTrue(ValueClass.isAtomicArray(array), "should be atomic");
+        Asserts.assertEQ(array[0], 42, "unexpected element");
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        ARRAY[0] = 42;
+        verify(testClone(ARRAY));
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; i++) {
+            testDeopt(false);
+            testDeoptClone(false);
+        }
+        testDeopt(true);
+        testDeoptClone(true);
     }
 }

From 30e5083ee362b42e3359748fcd93291fa384483e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: William Kemper <wkemper@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 2026 15:44:21 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 643/707] 8387539: Shenandoah: Nonsensical values for
 consumption acceleration

Reviewed-by: kdnilsen, xpeng, ruili, shade
---
 .../shenandoahAdaptiveHeuristics.cpp          |  24 +++-
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.hpp   |  31 +++++-
 .../gc/shenandoah/test_shenandoahUtils.cpp    | 104 ++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 151 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/gtest/gc/shenandoah/test_shenandoahUtils.cpp

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahAdaptiveHeuristics.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahAdaptiveHeuristics.cpp
index 4cd8af1370d..dd259497d34 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahAdaptiveHeuristics.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahAdaptiveHeuristics.cpp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRate.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahCollectionSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.inline.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahYoungGeneration.hpp"
 #include "logging/log.hpp"
 #include "logging/logTag.hpp"
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@
 
 #define PROPERFMT_F         "%.1f %s"
 #define PROPERFMT_F_ARGS(s) byte_size_in_proper_unit(s), proper_unit_for_byte_size(s)
+#define PROPERFMTARGS_SIGNED(s) (s).value, (s).unit
 
 // These are used to decide if we want to make any adjustments at all
 // at the end of a successful concurrent cycle.
@@ -379,21 +381,24 @@ bool ShenandoahAdaptiveHeuristics::trigger_average_allocation_rate(const Shenand
 // a sample period of roughly 15 ms, spanning approximately 120 ms of execution.
 bool ShenandoahAdaptiveHeuristics::trigger_accelerating_allocation_rate(const ShenandoahAnticipatedConsumption& rate, const size_t allocatable_bytes) {
   if (rate.momentary_consumption() > allocatable_bytes) {
+    const ShenandoahSignedSize momentary_rate = ShenandoahSignedSize::get(rate.momentary_rate());
     assert(rate.accelerated_consumption() == 0, "Momentary trigger is meant to exclude acceleration trigger");
     log_trigger("Momentary spike consumption (" PROPERFMT ") exceeds free headroom (" PROPERFMT ") at "
                 "current rate (" PROPERFMT_F "/s) for anticipated GC duration (%.2f ms)",
                 PROPERFMTARGS(rate.momentary_consumption()), PROPERFMTARGS(allocatable_bytes),
-                PROPERFMT_F_ARGS(rate.momentary_rate()), rate.duration_seconds() * 1000);
+                PROPERFMTARGS_SIGNED(momentary_rate), rate.duration_seconds() * 1000);
     accept_trigger_with_type(RATE);
     return true;
   }
 
   if (rate.accelerated_consumption() > allocatable_bytes) {
+    const ShenandoahSignedSize predicted_rate = ShenandoahSignedSize::get(rate.predicted_rate());
+    const ShenandoahSignedSize acceleration = ShenandoahSignedSize::get(rate.acceleration());
     assert(rate.momentary_consumption() == 0, "Acceleration trigger is meant to exclude momentary trigger");
     log_trigger("Accelerated consumption (" PROPERFMT ") exceeds free headroom (" PROPERFMT ") at "
                 "current rate (" PROPERFMT_F "/s) with acceleration (" PROPERFMT_F "/s/s) for anticipated GC duration (%.2f ms)",
                 PROPERFMTARGS(rate.accelerated_consumption()), PROPERFMTARGS(allocatable_bytes),
-                PROPERFMT_F_ARGS(rate.predicted_rate()), PROPERFMT_F_ARGS(rate.acceleration()), rate.duration_seconds() * 1000);
+                PROPERFMTARGS_SIGNED(predicted_rate), PROPERFMTARGS_SIGNED(acceleration), rate.duration_seconds() * 1000);
     accept_trigger_with_type(RATE);
     return true;
   }
@@ -404,15 +409,21 @@ bool ShenandoahAdaptiveHeuristics::trigger_accelerating_allocation_rate(const Sh
 void ShenandoahAdaptiveHeuristics::maybe_log_rate_trigger_parameters(const ShenandoahAnticipatedConsumption &consumption,
                                                                      size_t allocatable_bytes) const {
   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, gc, sampling)) {
+    const ShenandoahSignedSize momentary_rate = ShenandoahSignedSize::get(consumption.momentary_rate());
+    const ShenandoahSignedSize predicted_rate = ShenandoahSignedSize::get(consumption.predicted_rate());
+    const ShenandoahSignedSize baseline_rate = ShenandoahSignedSize::get(consumption.baseline_rate());
+    const ShenandoahSignedSize acceleration = ShenandoahSignedSize::get(consumption.acceleration());
     log_debug(gc, sampling)(
       "%s: Anticipated cycle duration: %.3fs, head room: " PROPERFMT ", margin of error: %.3f "
         "Baseline consumption: " PROPERFMT ", Baseline rate: " PROPERFMT_F "/s, "
         "Momentary consumption: " PROPERFMT ", Momentary rate: " PROPERFMT_F "/s, "
-        "Accelerated consumption: " PROPERFMT ", Predicted rate: " PROPERFMT_F "/s, Acceleration: %.3f",
+        "Accelerated consumption: " PROPERFMT ", Predicted rate: " PROPERFMT_F "/s, "
+        "Acceleration: " PROPERFMT_F "/s",
         _space_info->name(), consumption.duration_seconds(), PROPERFMTARGS(allocatable_bytes), _margin_of_error_sd,
-        PROPERFMTARGS(consumption.baseline_consumption()), PROPERFMT_F_ARGS(consumption.baseline_rate()),
-        PROPERFMTARGS(consumption.momentary_consumption()), PROPERFMT_F_ARGS(consumption.momentary_rate()),
-        PROPERFMTARGS(consumption.accelerated_consumption()), PROPERFMT_F_ARGS(consumption.predicted_rate()), consumption.acceleration()
+        PROPERFMTARGS(consumption.baseline_consumption()), PROPERFMTARGS_SIGNED(baseline_rate),
+        PROPERFMTARGS(consumption.momentary_consumption()), PROPERFMTARGS_SIGNED(momentary_rate),
+        PROPERFMTARGS(consumption.accelerated_consumption()), PROPERFMTARGS_SIGNED(predicted_rate),
+        PROPERFMTARGS_SIGNED(acceleration)
     );
   }
 }
@@ -428,3 +439,4 @@ size_t ShenandoahAdaptiveHeuristics::min_free_threshold(size_t capacity) const {
 
 #undef PROPERFMT_F
 #undef PROPERFMT_F_ARGS
+#undef PROPERFMTARGS_SIGNED
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.hpp
index e9761ebeb86..7b49854e16c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.hpp
@@ -30,16 +30,17 @@
 #include "gc/shared/gcTraceTime.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/gcVMOperations.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/isGCActiveMark.hpp"
-#include "gc/shared/suspendibleThreadSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/workerThread.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationType.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPhaseTimings.hpp"
-#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahThreadLocalData.hpp"
 #include "jfr/jfrEvents.hpp"
 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
 #include "runtime/safepoint.hpp"
 #include "runtime/vmOperations.hpp"
 #include "runtime/vmThread.hpp"
 #include "services/memoryService.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 
 #include <cmath>
 #include <limits>
@@ -257,6 +258,32 @@ inline size_t shenandoah_safe_size_cast(const double d) {
   return static_cast<size_t>(d);
 }
 
+// Convert a possibly signed double into a smaller number with appropriate engineering units.
+struct ShenandoahSignedSize {
+  const double value;
+  const char* unit;
 
+  static ShenandoahSignedSize get(double v) {
+    if (!std::isfinite(v)) {
+      return { v, "B" };
+    }
+
+    const double magnitude = fabsd(v);
+
+    if (magnitude >= 100.0 * G) {
+      return { std::copysign(magnitude / G, v), "G" };
+    }
+
+    if (magnitude >= 100.0 * M) {
+      return { std::copysign(magnitude / M, v), "M" };
+    }
+
+    if (magnitude >= 100.0 * K) {
+      return { std::copysign(magnitude / K, v), "K" };
+    }
+
+    return { std::copysign(magnitude, v), "B" };
+  }
+};
 
 #endif // SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHUTILS_HPP
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/gc/shenandoah/test_shenandoahUtils.cpp b/test/hotspot/gtest/gc/shenandoah/test_shenandoahUtils.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..22524f68d26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/gc/shenandoah/test_shenandoahUtils.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
+
+#include <cmath>
+#include <limits>
+
+#include "unittest.hpp"
+
+static void test_units(double value, double expected_value, const char* expected_unit) {
+  ShenandoahSignedSize s = ShenandoahSignedSize::get(value);
+  EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(expected_value, s.value);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(expected_unit, s.unit);
+}
+
+TEST(ShenandoahUtilsTest, format_byte_double) {
+  test_units(1024.0, 1024.0, "B");
+  test_units(-1024.0, -1024.0, "B");
+  test_units(1024.5, 1024.5, "B");
+  test_units(-1024.5, -1024.5, "B");
+}
+
+TEST(ShenandoahUtilsTest, format_kilo_double) {
+  test_units(900.0 * K, 900.0, "K");
+  test_units(-900.0 * K, -900.0, "K");
+  test_units(900.1 * K, 900.1, "K");
+  test_units(-900.1 * K, -900.1, "K");
+}
+
+TEST(ShenandoahUtilsTest, format_mega_double) {
+  test_units(900.0 * M, 900.0, "M");
+  test_units(-900.0 * M, -900.0, "M");
+  test_units(900.1 * M, 900.1, "M");
+  test_units(-900.1 * M, -900.1, "M");
+}
+
+TEST(ShenandoahUtilsTest, format_giga_double) {
+  test_units(900.0 * G, 900.0, "G");
+  test_units(-900.0 * G, -900.0, "G");
+  test_units(900.1 * G, 900.1, "G");
+  test_units(-900.1 * G, -900.1, "G");
+}
+
+TEST(ShenandoahUtilsTest, format_negative_zero_double) {
+  ShenandoahSignedSize s = ShenandoahSignedSize::get(-0.0);
+  EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(0.0, s.value);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("B", s.unit);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(std::signbit(s.value));
+}
+
+TEST(ShenandoahUtilsTest, format_infinite_double) {
+  const double inf = std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity();
+  ShenandoahSignedSize s = ShenandoahSignedSize::get(inf);
+  EXPECT_EQ(s.value, inf);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(std::isinf(s.value));
+  EXPECT_STREQ("B", s.unit);
+}
+
+TEST(ShenandoahUtilsTest, format_negative_infinite_double) {
+  const double ninf = -std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity();
+  ShenandoahSignedSize s = ShenandoahSignedSize::get(ninf);
+  EXPECT_EQ(s.value, ninf);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(std::isinf(s.value));
+  EXPECT_STREQ("B", s.unit);
+}
+
+TEST(ShenandoahUtilsTest, format_nan_double) {
+  ShenandoahSignedSize s = ShenandoahSignedSize::get(std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(std::isnan(s.value));
+  EXPECT_STREQ("B", s.unit);
+}
+
+TEST(ShenandoahUtilsTest, format_unit_boundaries) {
+  // nextafter returns the next representable value of first argument in the direction of the second
+  EXPECT_STREQ("B", ShenandoahSignedSize::get(std::nextafter(100.0 * K, 0.0)).unit);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("K", ShenandoahSignedSize::get(std::nextafter(100.0 * M, 0.0)).unit);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("M", ShenandoahSignedSize::get(std::nextafter(100.0 * G, 0.0)).unit);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("B", ShenandoahSignedSize::get(std::nextafter(-100.0 * K, 0.0)).unit);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("K", ShenandoahSignedSize::get(std::nextafter(-100.0 * M, 0.0)).unit);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("M", ShenandoahSignedSize::get(std::nextafter(-100.0 * G, 0.0)).unit);
+}

From 855b7430c485e498489d1cdc62048217e213d020 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aleksey Shipilev <shade@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 2026 16:08:55 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 644/707] 8387469: Shenandoah: GC logs should show end-to-end
 cycle time and heap used updates

Reviewed-by: wkemper, kdnilsen, xpeng
---
 .../heuristics/shenandoahGlobalHeuristics.cpp |  4 +-
 .../heuristics/shenandoahOldHeuristics.cpp    | 10 ++--
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp  | 51 ++++++++++---------
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahControlThread.cpp |  4 +-
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahDegeneratedGC.cpp |  2 +-
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGeneration.cpp    |  2 +-
 .../shenandoahGenerationalControlThread.cpp   |  4 +-
 .../shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalHeap.cpp |  2 +-
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGC.cpp   |  3 ++
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp |  2 +-
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPhaseTimings.hpp  |  1 +
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.cpp   | 22 ++++++++
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.hpp   | 30 ++++++++++-
 13 files changed, 97 insertions(+), 40 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahGlobalHeuristics.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahGlobalHeuristics.cpp
index d9f3bdee828..5c07fcb6b59 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahGlobalHeuristics.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahGlobalHeuristics.cpp
@@ -226,14 +226,14 @@ void ShenandoahGlobalHeuristics::choose_global_collection_set(ShenandoahCollecti
     size_t delta_bytes = budget.young_evac.reserve() - heap->young_generation()->get_evacuation_reserve();
     size_t delta_regions = delta_bytes / region_size_bytes;
     size_t regions_to_transfer = MIN2(unaffiliated_old_regions, delta_regions);
-    log_info(gc)("Global GC moves %zu unaffiliated regions from old collector to young collector reserves", regions_to_transfer);
+    log_info(gc, ergo)("Global GC moves %zu unaffiliated regions from old collector to young collector reserves", regions_to_transfer);
     ssize_t negated_regions = -regions_to_transfer;
     heap->free_set()->move_unaffiliated_regions_from_collector_to_old_collector(negated_regions);
   } else if (heap->young_generation()->get_evacuation_reserve() > budget.young_evac.reserve()) {
     size_t delta_bytes = heap->young_generation()->get_evacuation_reserve() - budget.young_evac.reserve();
     size_t delta_regions = delta_bytes / region_size_bytes;
     size_t regions_to_transfer = MIN2(unaffiliated_young_regions, delta_regions);
-    log_info(gc)("Global GC moves %zu unaffiliated regions from young collector to old collector reserves", regions_to_transfer);
+    log_info(gc, ergo)("Global GC moves %zu unaffiliated regions from young collector to old collector reserves", regions_to_transfer);
     heap->free_set()->move_unaffiliated_regions_from_collector_to_old_collector(regions_to_transfer);
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahOldHeuristics.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahOldHeuristics.cpp
index 333451a8125..44bc683cbd6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahOldHeuristics.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahOldHeuristics.cpp
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ bool ShenandoahOldHeuristics::finalize_mixed_evacs() {
   }
   decrease_unprocessed_old_collection_candidates_live_memory(_evacuated_old_bytes);
   if (_included_old_regions > 0) {
-    log_info(gc)("Old-gen mixed evac (%zu regions, evacuating %zu%s, reclaiming: %zu%s)",
+    log_info(gc, ergo)("Old-gen mixed evac (%zu regions, evacuating %zu%s, reclaiming: %zu%s)",
                  _included_old_regions,
                  byte_size_in_proper_unit(_evacuated_old_bytes), proper_unit_for_byte_size(_evacuated_old_bytes),
                  byte_size_in_proper_unit(_collected_old_bytes), proper_unit_for_byte_size(_collected_old_bytes));
@@ -339,10 +339,10 @@ bool ShenandoahOldHeuristics::finalize_mixed_evacs() {
     // if they are all pinned we transition to a state that will allow us to make these uncollected
     // (pinned) regions parsable.
     if (all_candidates_are_pinned()) {
-      log_info(gc)("All candidate regions " UINT32_FORMAT " are pinned", unprocessed_old_collection_candidates());
+      log_info(gc, ergo)("All candidate regions " UINT32_FORMAT " are pinned", unprocessed_old_collection_candidates());
       _old_generation->abandon_mixed_evacuations();
     } else {
-      log_info(gc)("No regions selected for mixed collection. "
+      log_info(gc, ergo)("No regions selected for mixed collection. "
                    "Old evacuation budget: " PROPERFMT ", Next candidate: " UINT32_FORMAT ", Last candidate: " UINT32_FORMAT,
                    PROPERFMTARGS(_old_evacuation_reserve),
                    _next_old_collection_candidate, _last_old_collection_candidate);
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ bool ShenandoahOldHeuristics::top_off_collection_set(ShenandoahCollectionSet* co
       regions_for_old_expansion = 0;
     }
     if (regions_for_old_expansion > 0) {
-      log_info(gc)("Augmenting old-gen evacuation budget from unexpended young-generation reserve by %zu regions",
+      log_info(gc, ergo)("Augmenting old-gen evacuation budget from unexpended young-generation reserve by %zu regions",
                    regions_for_old_expansion);
       add_regions_to_old = regions_for_old_expansion;
       size_t budget_supplement = region_size_bytes * regions_for_old_expansion;
@@ -844,7 +844,7 @@ void ShenandoahOldHeuristics::adjust_old_garbage_threshold() {
       } else {
         _old_garbage_threshold = ShenandoahOldGarbageThreshold - adjustment_potential / 3;
       }
-      log_info(gc)("Adjusting old garbage threshold to %lu because Old Generation used regions represents %lu%% of heap",
+      log_info(gc, ergo)("Adjusting old garbage threshold to %lu because Old Generation used regions represents %lu%% of heap",
                    _old_garbage_threshold, percent_used);
     }
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp
index fe7e5211e0a..09ca7e4315d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ ShenandoahGC::ShenandoahDegenPoint ShenandoahConcurrentGC::degen_point() const {
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_concurrent_update_refs_prepare(ShenandoahHeap* const heap) {
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
   SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent init update refs", "");
-  ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_update_refs_prepare);
+  ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_update_refs_prepare);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
   heap->try_inject_pin();
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_update_card_table() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
   SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent update cards", "");
-  ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_update_card_table);
+  ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_update_card_table);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
   ShenandoahWorkerScope scope(heap->workers(),
@@ -137,6 +137,9 @@ bool ShenandoahConcurrentGC::collect(GCCause::Cause cause) {
   _generation->ref_processor()->set_soft_reference_policy(
       GCCause::should_clear_all_soft_refs(cause));
 
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent GC", "");
+  ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_gc, /* log_heap_usage = */ true);
+
   ShenandoahBreakpointGCScope breakpoint_gc_scope(cause);
 
   // Reset for upcoming marking
@@ -295,7 +298,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_complete_abbreviated_cycle() {
 
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
   SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent complete abbreviated cycle", "");
-  ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::complete_abbreviated);
+  ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::complete_abbreviated);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
   ShenandoahWorkerScope scope(heap->workers(),
@@ -379,7 +382,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_init_mark() {
   assert(!heap->has_forwarded_objects(), "Should not have forwarded objects here");
 
   SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Pause Init Mark", "");
-  ShenandoahPausePhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::init_mark);
+  ShenandoahPauseSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::init_mark);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
   ShenandoahWorkerScope scope(ShenandoahHeap::heap()->workers(),
@@ -395,7 +398,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_final_mark() {
          "Should not have forwarded objects during final mark, unless old gen concurrent mark is running");
 
   SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Pause Final Mark", "");
-  ShenandoahPausePhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::final_mark);
+  ShenandoahPauseSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::final_mark);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
   ShenandoahWorkerScope scope(ShenandoahHeap::heap()->workers(),
@@ -407,7 +410,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_final_mark() {
 
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_init_update_refs() {
   SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Pause Init Update Refs", "");
-  ShenandoahPausePhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::init_update_refs);
+  ShenandoahPauseSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::init_update_refs);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
   // No workers used in this phase, no setup required
@@ -416,7 +419,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_init_update_refs() {
 
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_final_update_refs() {
   SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Pause Final Update Refs", "");
-  ShenandoahPausePhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::final_update_refs);
+  ShenandoahPauseSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::final_update_refs);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
   ShenandoahWorkerScope scope(ShenandoahHeap::heap()->workers(),
@@ -428,7 +431,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_final_update_refs() {
 
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_final_verify() {
   SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Pause Verify Final", "");
-  ShenandoahPausePhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::final_verify);
+  ShenandoahPauseSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::final_verify);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
   op_verify_final();
@@ -442,7 +445,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_reset() {
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
   {
     SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent reset", "");
-    ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_reset);
+    ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_reset);
     EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
     ShenandoahWorkerScope scope(heap->workers(),
@@ -458,7 +461,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_scan_remembered_set() {
     TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
 
     SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent remembered set scanning", "");
-    ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::init_scan_rset);
+    ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::init_scan_rset);
     EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
     ShenandoahWorkerScope scope(heap->workers(),
@@ -474,7 +477,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_mark_roots() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
   SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent marking roots", "");
-  ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_mark_roots);
+  ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_mark_roots);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
   ShenandoahWorkerScope scope(heap->workers(),
@@ -492,7 +495,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_mark() {
 
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
   SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent marking", "");
-  ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_mark);
+  ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_mark);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
   ShenandoahWorkerScope scope(heap->workers(),
@@ -507,7 +510,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_mark() {
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_thread_roots() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent thread roots", "");
-  ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_thread_roots);
+  ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_thread_roots);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
   ShenandoahWorkerScope scope(heap->workers(),
@@ -522,7 +525,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_thread_roots() {
 void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_weak_refs() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent weak references", "");
-  ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_weak_refs);
+  ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_weak_refs);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
   ShenandoahWorkerScope scope(heap->workers(),
@@ -538,7 +541,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_weak_roots() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
   SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent weak roots", "");
-  ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_weak_roots);
+  ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_weak_roots);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
   ShenandoahWorkerScope scope(heap->workers(),
@@ -554,7 +557,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_class_unloading() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
   SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent class unloading", "");
-  ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_class_unload);
+  ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_class_unload);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
   ShenandoahWorkerScope scope(heap->workers(),
@@ -570,7 +573,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_strong_roots() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
   SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent strong roots", "");
-  ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_strong_roots);
+  ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_strong_roots);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
   ShenandoahGCWorkerPhase worker_phase(ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_strong_roots);
@@ -588,7 +591,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_cleanup_early() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
   SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent cleanup", "");
-  ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_cleanup_early, true /* log_heap_usage */);
+  ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_cleanup_early, false /* log_heap_usage */);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
   // This phase does not use workers, no need for setup
@@ -607,7 +610,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_evacuate() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
   SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent evacuation", "");
-  ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_evac);
+  ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_evac);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
   ShenandoahWorkerScope scope(heap->workers(),
@@ -623,7 +626,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_update_thread_roots() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
   SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent update thread roots", "");
-  ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_update_thread_roots);
+  ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_update_thread_roots);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
   // No workers used in this phase, no setup required
@@ -636,7 +639,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_update_refs() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
   SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent update references", "");
-  ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_update_refs);
+  ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_update_refs);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
   ShenandoahWorkerScope scope(heap->workers(),
@@ -652,7 +655,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_cleanup_complete() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
   SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent cleanup", "");
-  ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_cleanup_complete, true /* log_heap_usage */);
+  ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_cleanup_complete, false /* log_heap_usage */);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
   // This phase does not use workers, no need for setup
@@ -664,7 +667,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_reset_after_collect() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
   SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent reset after collect", "");
-  ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_reset_after_collect);
+  ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_reset_after_collect);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
   op_reset_after_collect();
@@ -1259,7 +1262,7 @@ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_final_roots() {
   ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
   SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent final roots", "");
-  ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_final_roots);
+  ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_final_roots);
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
 
   heap->concurrent_final_roots();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahControlThread.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahControlThread.cpp
index 7549fe02316..2c82271f07f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahControlThread.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahControlThread.cpp
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ void ShenandoahControlThread::service_concurrent_normal_cycle(GCCause::Cause cau
   //
   ShenandoahHeap* heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   if (check_cancellation_or_degen(ShenandoahGC::_degenerated_outside_cycle)) {
-    log_info(gc)("Cancelled");
+    log_info(gc, phases)("Cancelled");
     return;
   }
   heap->increment_total_collections(false);
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ void ShenandoahControlThread::notify_control_thread(GCCause::Cause cause) {
 
 void ShenandoahControlThread::handle_requested_gc(GCCause::Cause cause) {
   if (should_terminate()) {
-    log_info(gc)("Control thread is terminating, no more GCs");
+    log_info(gc, phases)("Control thread is terminating, no more GCs");
     return;
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahDegeneratedGC.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahDegeneratedGC.cpp
index 439e23af281..824f7bb432a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahDegeneratedGC.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahDegeneratedGC.cpp
@@ -498,7 +498,7 @@ const char* ShenandoahDegenGC::degen_event_message(ShenandoahDegenPoint point) c
 }
 
 void ShenandoahDegenGC::upgrade_to_full() {
-  log_info(gc)("Degenerated GC upgrading to Full GC");
+  log_info(gc, phases)("Degenerated GC upgrading to Full GC");
   ShenandoahHeap* heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
   heap->cancel_gc(GCCause::_shenandoah_upgrade_to_full_gc);
   heap->increment_total_collections(true);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGeneration.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGeneration.cpp
index 493736f4194..13940624669 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGeneration.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGeneration.cpp
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ ShenandoahMarkingContext* ShenandoahGeneration::complete_marking_context() {
 }
 
 void ShenandoahGeneration::cancel_marking() {
-  log_info(gc)("Cancel marking: %s", name());
+  log_info(gc, phases)("Cancel marking: %s", name());
   if (is_concurrent_mark_in_progress()) {
     set_mark_incomplete();
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalControlThread.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalControlThread.cpp
index 5d2e58559ee..c59f4992a7e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalControlThread.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalControlThread.cpp
@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ void ShenandoahGenerationalControlThread::service_concurrent_old_cycle(const She
       if (_heap->cancelled_gc()) {
         // Young generation bootstrap cycle has failed. Concurrent mark for old generation
         // is going to resume after degenerated bootstrap cycle completes.
-        log_info(gc)("Bootstrap cycle for old generation was cancelled");
+        log_info(gc, phases)("Bootstrap cycle for old generation was cancelled");
         return;
       }
 
@@ -656,7 +656,7 @@ bool ShenandoahGenerationalControlThread::request_concurrent_gc(ShenandoahGenera
     }
 
     // Cancel the old GC and wait for the control thread to start servicing the new request.
-    log_info(gc)("Preempting old generation mark to allow %s GC", generation->name());
+    log_info(gc, phases)("Preempting old generation mark to allow %s GC", generation->name());
     while (gc_mode() == servicing_old) {
       _heap->cancel_gc(GCCause::_shenandoah_concurrent_gc);
       notify_control_thread(ml, GCCause::_shenandoah_concurrent_gc, generation);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalHeap.cpp
index 31129182380..ef4ee13a7d4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalHeap.cpp
@@ -1023,7 +1023,7 @@ void ShenandoahGenerationalHeap::complete_concurrent_cycle() {
 
 void ShenandoahGenerationalHeap::entry_global_coalesce_and_fill() {
   const char* msg = "Coalescing and filling old regions";
-  ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_coalesce_and_fill);
+  ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_coalesce_and_fill);
 
   TraceCollectorStats tcs(monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
   EventMark em("%s", msg);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGC.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGC.cpp
index c98b96c689b..1ae080d31c6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGC.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGC.cpp
@@ -86,6 +86,9 @@ bool ShenandoahOldGC::collect(GCCause::Cause cause) {
   assert(!_old_generation->is_preparing_for_mark(), "Old regions need to be parsable during concurrent mark.");
   heap->release_injected_pins();
 
+  SHENANDOAH_EVENT_MESSAGE(msg, _generation->type(), "Concurrent GC", "");
+  ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_gc, /* log_heap_usage = */ true);
+
   // Enable preemption of old generation mark.
   _allow_preemption.set();
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp
index 0f01795bb4c..958e7b3cf95 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ void ShenandoahOldGeneration::cancel_gc() {
     validate_idle();
 #endif
   } else {
-    log_info(gc)("Terminating old gc cycle.");
+    log_info(gc, phases)("Terminating old gc cycle.");
     // Stop marking
     cancel_marking();
     // Stop tracking old regions
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPhaseTimings.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPhaseTimings.hpp
index dfb42e0b76f..25ff982a9e4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPhaseTimings.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPhaseTimings.hpp
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ class outputStream;
   SHENANDOAH_WORKER_PHASE_DO(NAME_PREFIX, DESC_PREFIX, f)
 
 #define SHENANDOAH_PHASE_DO(f)                                                                                       \
+  SHENANDOAH_SIMPLE_PHASE_DEF(f, conc_gc,                                         "Concurrent GC")                   \
   SHENANDOAH_SIMPLE_PHASE_DEF(f, conc_reset,                                      "Concurrent Reset")                \
   SHENANDOAH_SIMPLE_PHASE_DEF(f, init_mark_gross,                                 "Pause Init Mark (G)")             \
   SHENANDOAH_SIMPLE_PHASE_DEF(f, init_mark,                                       "Pause Init Mark (N)")             \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.cpp
index c4204d852d5..fb6a77b48ae 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.cpp
@@ -100,6 +100,28 @@ ShenandoahGCPauseMark::ShenandoahGCPauseMark(uint gc_id, const char* notificatio
   );
 }
 
+ShenandoahPauseSubphase::ShenandoahPauseSubphase(const char* title, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::Phase phase, bool log_heap_usage) :
+  ShenandoahTimingsTracker(phase),
+  _tracer(title, nullptr, GCCause::_no_gc, log_heap_usage),
+  _timer(ShenandoahHeap::heap()->gc_timer()) {
+  _timer->register_gc_phase_start(title, Ticks::now());
+}
+
+ShenandoahPauseSubphase::~ShenandoahPauseSubphase() {
+  _timer->register_gc_phase_end(Ticks::now());
+}
+
+ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase::ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase(const char* title, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::Phase phase, bool log_heap_usage) :
+  ShenandoahTimingsTracker(phase),
+  _tracer(title, nullptr, GCCause::_no_gc, log_heap_usage),
+  _timer(ShenandoahHeap::heap()->gc_timer()) {
+  _timer->register_gc_phase_start(title, Ticks::now());
+}
+
+ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase::~ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase() {
+  _timer->register_gc_phase_end(Ticks::now());
+}
+
 ShenandoahPausePhase::ShenandoahPausePhase(const char* title, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::Phase phase, bool log_heap_usage) :
   ShenandoahTimingsTracker(phase),
   _tracer(title, nullptr, GCCause::_no_gc, log_heap_usage),
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.hpp
index 7b49854e16c..e16801871c5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahUtils.hpp
@@ -108,7 +108,35 @@ class ShenandoahTimingsTracker : public StackObj {
 };
 
 /*
- * ShenandoahPausePhase tracks a STW pause and emits Shenandoah timing and
+ * ShenandoahPauseSubphase tracks a STW pause and emits Shenandoah timing and
+ * a corresponding JFR event
+ */
+class ShenandoahPauseSubphase : public ShenandoahTimingsTracker {
+private:
+  GCTraceTimeWrapper<LogLevel::Info, LOG_TAGS(gc)> _tracer;
+  ConcurrentGCTimer* const _timer;
+
+public:
+  ShenandoahPauseSubphase(const char* title, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::Phase phase, bool log_heap_usage = false);
+  ~ShenandoahPauseSubphase();
+};
+
+/*
+ * ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase tracks a concurrent GC phase and emits Shenandoah timing and
+ * a corresponding JFR event
+ */
+class ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase : public ShenandoahTimingsTracker {
+private:
+  GCTraceTimeWrapper<LogLevel::Info, LOG_TAGS(gc, phases)> _tracer;
+  ConcurrentGCTimer* const _timer;
+
+public:
+  ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase(const char* title, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::Phase phase, bool log_heap_usage = false);
+  ~ShenandoahConcurrentSubphase();
+};
+
+/*
+ * ShenandoahPausePhase tracks a pause GC phase and emits Shenandoah timing and
  * a corresponding JFR event
  */
 class ShenandoahPausePhase : public ShenandoahTimingsTracker {

From 1530af5566db05941ab77bce81f423c9587e4981 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ioi Lam <iklam@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 2026 17:48:53 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 645/707] 8390613: Missing class in loadable descriptors causes
 AOT crash

Reviewed-by: dholmes, kvn
---
 src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp      | 19 ++++-
 .../aotCache/LoadableDescriptorTest.java      | 79 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 95 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/LoadableDescriptorTest.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
index 010510c2f3f..65068c25d80 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
@@ -1075,11 +1075,24 @@ static void load_classes_from_loadable_descriptors_attribute(InstanceKlass *ik,
       TempNewSymbol class_name = Signature::strip_envelope(sig);
       if (class_name == ik->name()) continue;
       log_info(class, preload)("Preloading of class %s during linking of class %s "
-                               "because of the class is listed in the LoadableDescriptors attribute",
+                               "because the class is listed in the LoadableDescriptors attribute",
                                sig->as_C_string(), ik->name()->as_C_string());
       oop loader = ik->class_loader();
-      Klass* klass = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(class_name,
-                                                        Handle(THREAD, loader), THREAD);
+      Klass* klass = nullptr;
+
+      if (CDSConfig::is_using_aot_linked_classes() && ik->in_aot_cache() && !ik->defined_by_other_loaders()) {
+        // + We come to here during AOTLinkedClassBulkLoader::link_classes() and it's too early to
+        //   execute any Java code.
+        // + All loadable descriptors that can be resolved would have been resolved during the AOT assembly
+        //   phase, and would have been loaded earlier by AOTLinkedClassBulkLoader, so they can be found in
+        //   the system dictionary.
+        // + If no class of the given name have been loaded yet, it's most likely because the class
+        //   is missing from JAR files. Just ignore it.
+        klass = SystemDictionary::find_instance_or_array_klass(THREAD, class_name, Handle(THREAD, loader));
+      } else {
+        klass = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(class_name,
+                                                  Handle(THREAD, loader), THREAD);
+      }
       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
         CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
       }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/LoadableDescriptorTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/LoadableDescriptorTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..da85f306bd4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/LoadableDescriptorTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Handling of missing classes referred to by loadable descriptors.
+ * @bug 8390613
+ * @requires vm.cds.supports.aot.class.linking
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @build LoadableDescriptorTest
+ * @comment Omit the Line class when creating app.jar
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar LoadableDescriptorApp Point
+ * @run driver LoadableDescriptorTest -XX:+AOTClassLinking
+ * @run driver LoadableDescriptorTest -XX:-AOTClassLinking
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.cds.SimpleCDSAppTester;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+
+public class LoadableDescriptorTest {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        final String mainClass = LoadableDescriptorApp.class.getName();
+        final String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("app.jar");
+
+        SimpleCDSAppTester tester = SimpleCDSAppTester.of("LoadableDescriptorTest");
+        tester.addVmArgs("-Xlog:aot+class=debug,class+preload", "--enable-preview", args[0])
+              .appCommandLine(mainClass)
+              .classpath(appJar)
+              .setProductionChecker((OutputAnalyzer out) -> {
+                  out.shouldContain("LoadableDescriptorApp: success")
+                     .shouldContain("Preloading of class Point during linking of class LoadableDescriptorApp (cause: LoadableDescriptors attribute) succeeded")
+                     .shouldContain("Preloading of class Line during linking of class LoadableDescriptorApp (cause: LoadableDescriptors attribute) failed");
+              });
+        tester.runAOTWorkflow();
+    }
+}
+
+class LoadableDescriptorApp {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        LoadableDescriptorApp app = new LoadableDescriptorApp();
+        app.foo(null, null);
+        app.bar(null, null);
+        System.out.println("LoadableDescriptorApp: success");
+    }
+
+    // "Point" and "Line" are (symbolically) declared in the loadable descriptors of the
+    // LoadableDescriptorApp class. However, Line is not in app.jar so it cannot be resolved
+    // when LoadableDescriptorApp is linked.
+
+    void foo(Point p1, Point p2) {}
+    void bar(Line a, Line b) {}
+}
+
+value record Point(byte x, byte y) { }
+value record Line(Point a, Point b) { }
+

From 09868aaf95a1ea0dc7af623effc04246c7ed1c94 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Chris Plummer <cjplummer@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 2026 19:42:41 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 646/707] 8390481: stop002 test should no longer call
 Thread.interrupted() to work around JDK-8306324

Reviewed-by: dholmes, kevinw
---
 .../vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ThreadReference/stop/stop002t.java     | 4 +---
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ThreadReference/stop/stop002t.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ThreadReference/stop/stop002t.java
index 02d49f76de7..0d87338f678 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ThreadReference/stop/stop002t.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ThreadReference/stop/stop002t.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -119,8 +119,6 @@ private int runIt(String args[]) {
                 return Consts.TEST_FAILED;
             }
         } catch (Throwable t) {
-            // Call Thread.interrupted(). Workaround for JDK-8306324
-            log.display("TEST #3: interrupted = " + Thread.interrupted());
             // We don't expect the exception to be thrown when in vthread mode.
             if (!vthreadMode && t instanceof MyThrowable) {
                 log.display("TEST #3: Caught expected exception while in loop: " + t);

From e296cefb588675b3b32b58fdc283108f7d1cec06 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matias Saavedra Silva <matsaave@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 2026 19:52:10 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 647/707] 8390485: Migrate appcds/aotCache/ tests to AOT
 workflow

Reviewed-by: iklam, kvn
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt            |   6 -
 .../appcds/aotCache/SharedSecretsTest.java    |   2 +-
 .../AOTClassLinkingVMOptions.java             | 179 ++++++++++++------
 .../aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddExports.java  |   3 +-
 .../aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddOpens.java    |   3 +-
 .../aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddReads.java    |   3 +-
 .../aotCode/AOTCodeCompressedOopsTest.java    |   6 +-
 .../resolvedConstants/AOTLinkedLambdas.java   |  57 +++---
 .../AOTLinkedVarHandles.java                  |  48 +++--
 test/lib/jdk/test/lib/cds/CDSAppTester.java   |   2 +-
 .../jdk/test/lib/cds/SimpleCDSAppTester.java  |  19 +-
 11 files changed, 195 insertions(+), 133 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
index 3e73792dd7d..4ab802a270b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
@@ -97,12 +97,6 @@ gc/TestGCALotAtAllSafepoints.java#Shenandoah 8390661 generic-all
 
 # :hotspot_runtime
 
-runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AOTClassLinkingVMOptions.java 8390485 generic-all
-runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddExports.java 8390485 generic-all
-runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddOpens.java 8390485 generic-all
-runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddReads.java 8390485 generic-all
-runtime/cds/appcds/resolvedConstants/AOTLinkedLambdas.java 8390485 generic-all
-runtime/cds/appcds/resolvedConstants/AOTLinkedVarHandles.java 8390485 generic-all
 runtime/jni/terminatedThread/TestTerminatedThread.java 8317789 aix-ppc64
 runtime/Monitor/SyncOnValueBasedClassTest.java 8340995 linux-s390x
 runtime/os/TestTracePageSizes.java#no-options 8267460 linux-aarch64
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/SharedSecretsTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/SharedSecretsTest.java
index 5d6e909b751..91077591793 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/SharedSecretsTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/SharedSecretsTest.java
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ public class SharedSecretsTest {
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         Tester t = new Tester(mainClass);
         t.setCheckExitValue(false);
-        t.runAOTAssemblyWorkflow();
+        t.runAOTTrainingAndAssemblyWorkflow();
     }
 
     static class Tester extends CDSAppTester {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AOTClassLinkingVMOptions.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AOTClassLinkingVMOptions.java
index bee0fa60f49..2214d5e4e5e 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AOTClassLinkingVMOptions.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AOTClassLinkingVMOptions.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -40,14 +40,15 @@
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import jdk.test.lib.cds.SimpleCDSAppTester;
 import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSModulePackager;
 import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSTestUtils;
 import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
 import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
-import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
 
 public class AOTClassLinkingVMOptions {
     static final String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("app.jar");
+    static final String mainClass = "Hello";
 
     static int testCaseNum = 0;
     static void testCase(String s) {
@@ -56,53 +57,95 @@ static void testCase(String s) {
     }
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        TestCommon.testDump(appJar, TestCommon.list("Hello"),
-                            "-XX:+AOTClassLinking");
+        SimpleCDSAppTester t = SimpleCDSAppTester.of("AOTClassLinking")
+            .classpath(appJar)
+            .addVmArgs("-XX:+AOTClassLinking")
+            .appCommandLine(mainClass)
+            .runAOTTrainingAndAssemblyWorkflow();
 
         testCase("Archived full module graph must be enabled at runtime");
-        TestCommon.run("-cp", appJar, "-Djdk.module.validation=1", "Hello")
-            .assertAbnormalExit("shared archive file has aot-linked classes." +
+        t.setVmArgs("-Djdk.module.validation=1")
+            .setCheckExitValue(false)
+            .setProductionChecker((OutputAnalyzer out) -> {
+                out.shouldHaveExitValue(1);
+                out.shouldMatch("AOT cache has aot-linked classes." +
                                 " It cannot be used when archived full module graph is not used");
+            })
+            .productionRun();
 
         testCase("Cannot use -Djava.system.class.loader");
-        TestCommon.run("-cp", appJar, "-Djava.system.class.loader=dummy", "Hello")
-            .assertAbnormalExit("shared archive file has aot-linked classes." +
-                                " It cannot be used when the java.system.class.loader property is specified.");
+        t.setVmArgs("-Djava.system.class.loader=dummy")
+            .setCheckExitValue(false)
+            .setProductionChecker((OutputAnalyzer out) -> {
+                out.shouldHaveExitValue(1);
+                out.shouldMatch("AOT cache has aot-linked classes." +
+                    " It cannot be used when the java.system.class.loader property is specified.");
+            })
+            .productionRun();
 
         testCase("Cannot use a different main module");
-        TestCommon.run("-cp", appJar, "-Xlog:cds", "-m", "jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.Main")
-            .assertAbnormalExit("shared archive file has aot-linked classes." +
+        t.setVmArgs()
+            .appCommandLine("-m", "jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.Main")
+            .setCheckExitValue(false)
+            .setProductionChecker((OutputAnalyzer out) -> {
+                out.shouldHaveExitValue(1);
+                out.shouldMatch("AOT cache has aot-linked classes." +
                                 " It cannot be used when archived full module graph is not used.");
+            })
+            .productionRun();
+
         testCase("Cannot use security manager");
-        TestCommon.run("-cp", appJar, "-Xlog:cds", "-Djava.security.manager=allow")
-            .assertAbnormalExit("shared archive file has aot-linked classes." +
+        t.setVmArgs("-Djava.security.manager=allow")
+            .appCommandLine(mainClass)
+            .setCheckExitValue(false)
+            .setProductionChecker((OutputAnalyzer out) -> {
+                out.shouldHaveExitValue(1);
+                out.shouldMatch("AOT cache has aot-linked classes." +
                                 " It cannot be used with -Djava.security.manager=allow.");
-        TestCommon.run("-cp", appJar, "-Xlog:cds", "-Djava.security.manager=default")
-            .assertAbnormalExit("shared archive file has aot-linked classes." +
+            })
+            .productionRun();
+
+        t.setVmArgs("-Djava.security.manager=default")
+            .appCommandLine(mainClass)
+            .setCheckExitValue(false)
+            .setProductionChecker((OutputAnalyzer out) -> {
+                out.shouldHaveExitValue(1);
+                out.shouldMatch("AOT cache has aot-linked classes." +
                                 " It cannot be used with -Djava.security.manager=default.");
+            })
+            .productionRun();
 
         // Dumping with AOTInvokeDynamicLinking disabled
-        TestCommon.testDump(appJar, TestCommon.list("Hello"),
-                            "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:+AOTClassLinking", "-XX:-AOTInvokeDynamicLinking");
+        t.setVmArgs("-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:+AOTClassLinking", "-XX:-AOTInvokeDynamicLinking")
+            .appCommandLine(mainClass)
+            .setCheckExitValue(true)
+            .runAOTTrainingAndAssemblyWorkflow();
 
         testCase("Use the archive that was created with -XX:-AOTInvokeDynamicLinking.");
-        TestCommon.run("-cp", appJar, "Hello")
-            .assertNormalExit("Hello");
+        t.setVmArgs()
+            .appCommandLine(mainClass)
+            .setCheckExitValue(true)
+            .setProductionChecker((OutputAnalyzer out) -> {
+                out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+                out.shouldMatch("Hello");
+            })
+            .productionRun();
 
         testCase("Archived full module graph must be enabled at runtime (with -XX:-AOTInvokeDynamicLinking)");
-        TestCommon.run("-cp", appJar, "-Djdk.module.validation=1", "Hello")
-            .assertAbnormalExit("shared archive file has aot-linked classes." +
+        t.setVmArgs("-Djdk.module.validation=1")
+            .appCommandLine(mainClass)
+            .setCheckExitValue(false)
+            .setProductionChecker((OutputAnalyzer out) -> {
+                out.shouldHaveExitValue(1);
+                out.shouldMatch("AOT cache has aot-linked classes." +
                                 " It cannot be used when archived full module graph is not used");
+            })
+            .productionRun();
 
         // NOTE: tests for ClassFileLoadHook + AOTClassLinking is in
         // ../jvmti/ClassFileLoadHookTest.java
 
-        boolean dynamicMode = Boolean.getBoolean("test.dynamic.cds.archive");
-        if (!dynamicMode) {
-            // These tests need to dump the full module graph, which is not possible with
-            // dynamic dump.
-            modulePathTests();
-        }
+        modulePathTests();
     }
 
     static void modulePathTests() throws Exception {
@@ -112,47 +155,61 @@ static void modulePathTests() throws Exception {
         String MAIN_MODULE = "com.foos";
         String MAIN_CLASS = "com.foos.Test";
 
-        String[] appClasses = {MAIN_CLASS};
-
         CDSModulePackager modulePackager = new CDSModulePackager(SRC_DIR);
         modulePackager.createModularJarWithMainClass(MAIN_MODULE, MAIN_CLASS);
 
         String modulePath = modulePackager.getOutputDir().toString();
 
         testCase("Cannot use mis-matched module path");
-        TestCommon.testDump(null, appClasses,
-                            "--module-path", modulePath,
-                            "-XX:+AOTClassLinking",
-                            "-m", MAIN_MODULE);
-        TestCommon.run("-Xlog:aot",
-                       "-Xlog:cds",
-                       "--module-path", modulePath,
-                       "-m", MAIN_MODULE)
-            .assertNormalExit("Using AOT-linked classes: true");
-
-        TestCommon.run("-Xlog:aot",
-                       "-Xlog:cds",
-                       "--module-path", modulePath + "/bad",
-                       "-m", MAIN_MODULE)
-            .assertAbnormalExit("shared archive file has aot-linked classes. It cannot be used when archived full module graph is not used.");
+        SimpleCDSAppTester t = SimpleCDSAppTester.of("ModuleTests")
+            .modulepath(modulePath)
+            .addVmArgs("-XX:+AOTClassLinking")
+            .appCommandLine("-m", MAIN_MODULE)
+            .runAOTTrainingAndAssemblyWorkflow();
+
+        t.setVmArgs("-Xlog:aot", "-Xlog:cds")
+            .modulepath(modulePath)
+            .appCommandLine("-m", MAIN_MODULE)
+            .setProductionChecker((OutputAnalyzer out) -> {
+                out.shouldContain("Using AOT-linked classes: true");
+            })
+            .productionRun();
+
+        t.setVmArgs("-Xlog:aot=debug", "-Xlog:cds")
+            .modulepath(modulePath + "/bad")
+            .appCommandLine( "-m", MAIN_MODULE)
+            .setCheckExitValue(false)
+            .setProductionChecker((OutputAnalyzer out) -> {
+                out.shouldHaveExitValue(1);
+                out.shouldContain("shared class paths mismatch (hint: enable -Xlog:class+path=info to diagnose the failure)");
+            })
+            .productionRun();
 
         testCase("Cannot use mis-matched --add-modules");
-        TestCommon.testDump(null, appClasses,
-                            "--module-path", modulePath,
-                            "-XX:+AOTClassLinking",
-                            "--add-modules", MAIN_MODULE);
-        TestCommon.run("-Xlog:aot",
-                       "-Xlog:cds",
-                       "--module-path", modulePath,
-                       "--add-modules", MAIN_MODULE,
-                       MAIN_CLASS)
-            .assertNormalExit("Using AOT-linked classes: true");
-
-        TestCommon.run("-Xlog:cds",
-                       "--module-path", modulePath,
-                       "--add-modules", "java.base",
-                       MAIN_CLASS)
-            .assertAbnormalExit("Mismatched values for property jdk.module.addmods",
-                                "shared archive file has aot-linked classes. It cannot be used when archived full module graph is not used.");
+        t.setVmArgs("-XX:+AOTClassLinking", "--add-modules", MAIN_MODULE)
+            .modulepath(modulePath)
+            .appCommandLine(MAIN_CLASS)
+            .setCheckExitValue(true)
+            .runAOTTrainingAndAssemblyWorkflow();
+
+        t.setVmArgs("-Xlog:aot", "-Xlog:cds", "--add-modules", MAIN_MODULE)
+            .modulepath(modulePath)
+            .appCommandLine(MAIN_CLASS)
+            .setCheckExitValue(true)
+            .setProductionChecker((OutputAnalyzer out) -> {
+                out.shouldContain("Using AOT-linked classes: true");
+            })
+            .productionRun();
+
+        t.setVmArgs("-Xlog:cds", "--add-modules", "java.base")
+            .modulepath(modulePath)
+            .appCommandLine(MAIN_CLASS)
+            .setCheckExitValue(false)
+            .setProductionChecker((OutputAnalyzer out) -> {
+                out.shouldHaveExitValue(1);
+                out.shouldContain("Mismatched values for property jdk.module.addmods");
+                out.shouldContain("AOT cache has aot-linked classes. It cannot be used when archived full module graph is not used.");
+            })
+            .productionRun();
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddExports.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddExports.java
index fc3e945cf9d..fc9766685f2 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddExports.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddExports.java
@@ -44,8 +44,9 @@
 
 public class AddExports {
     static final String SEP = File.separator;
+    // runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/src
     static final Path SRC = Paths.get(System.getProperty("test.src")).
-        resolve( ".." + SEP + "jigsaw" + SEP + "modulepath" + SEP + "src");
+        resolve( ".." + SEP + ".." + SEP + "jigsaw" + SEP + "modulepath" + SEP + "src");
     static final Path nonModuleNeedsJdkAddExportDir = SRC.resolve("com.nomodule.needsjdkaddexport");
     static final String nonModuleNeedsJdkAddExportJar = "nonModuleNeedsJdkAddExport.jar";
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddOpens.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddOpens.java
index 694e653676e..6f209370710 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddOpens.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddOpens.java
@@ -46,8 +46,9 @@ public class AddOpens {
 
     private static final Path USER_DIR = Paths.get(CDSTestUtils.getOutputDir());
 
+    // runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/src
     private static final Path SRC_DIR = Paths.get(System.getProperty("test.src")).
-        resolve( ".." + SEP + "jigsaw" + SEP + "modulepath" + SEP + "src");
+        resolve( ".." + SEP + ".." + SEP + "jigsaw" + SEP + "modulepath" + SEP + "src");
 
     private static final Path MODS_DIR = Paths.get("mods");
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddReads.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddReads.java
index 347e61fed4c..558f0149fe4 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddReads.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/aotClassLinking/AddReads.java
@@ -48,8 +48,9 @@ public class AddReads {
 
     private static final Path USER_DIR = Paths.get(CDSTestUtils.getOutputDir());
 
+    // runtime/cds/appcds/jigsaw/modulepath/src
     private static final Path SRC_DIR = Paths.get(System.getProperty("test.src")).
-        resolve( ".." + SEP + "jigsaw" + SEP + "modulepath" + SEP + "src");
+        resolve( ".." + SEP + ".." + SEP + "jigsaw" + SEP + "modulepath" + SEP + "src");
 
     private static final Path MODS_DIR = Paths.get("mods");
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeCompressedOopsTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeCompressedOopsTest.java
index 29b0f59b238..b0d65fe48be 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeCompressedOopsTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeCompressedOopsTest.java
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
         {
             Tester t = new Tester();
             t.setHeapConfig(Tester.RunMode.ASSEMBLY, true, true);
-            t.runAOTAssemblyWorkflow();
+            t.runAOTTrainingAndAssemblyWorkflow();
             t.setHeapConfig(Tester.RunMode.PRODUCTION, true, true);
             t.productionRun();
             t.setHeapConfig(Tester.RunMode.PRODUCTION, true, false);
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
         {
             Tester t = new Tester();
             t.setHeapConfig(Tester.RunMode.ASSEMBLY, true, false);
-            t.runAOTAssemblyWorkflow();
+            t.runAOTTrainingAndAssemblyWorkflow();
             t.setHeapConfig(Tester.RunMode.PRODUCTION, true, true);
             t.productionRun();
             t.setHeapConfig(Tester.RunMode.PRODUCTION, true, false);
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
         {
             Tester t = new Tester();
             t.setHeapConfig(Tester.RunMode.ASSEMBLY, false, false);
-            t.runAOTAssemblyWorkflow();
+            t.runAOTTrainingAndAssemblyWorkflow();
             t.setHeapConfig(Tester.RunMode.PRODUCTION, true, true);
             t.productionRun();
             t.setHeapConfig(Tester.RunMode.PRODUCTION, true, false);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/resolvedConstants/AOTLinkedLambdas.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/resolvedConstants/AOTLinkedLambdas.java
index ecfaa265923..08c9191a33c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/resolvedConstants/AOTLinkedLambdas.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/resolvedConstants/AOTLinkedLambdas.java
@@ -43,48 +43,43 @@
 import static java.util.stream.Collectors.*;
 import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSOptions;
 import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSTestUtils;
+import jdk.test.lib.cds.SimpleCDSAppTester;
 import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
 import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
 
 public class AOTLinkedLambdas {
-    static final String classList = "AOTLinkedLambdas.classlist";
     static final String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("app.jar");
     static final String mainClass = AOTLinkedLambdasApp.class.getName();
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        CDSTestUtils.dumpClassList(classList, "-cp", appJar, mainClass)
-            .assertNormalExit(output -> {
-                output.shouldContain("Hello AOTLinkedLambdasApp");
-            });
-
-        CDSOptions opts = (new CDSOptions())
-            .addPrefix("-XX:ExtraSharedClassListFile=" + classList,
+        SimpleCDSAppTester t = SimpleCDSAppTester.of("AOTLinkedLambdas")
+            .classpath(appJar)
+            .addVmArgs("-esa", // see JDK-8340836
                        "-XX:+AOTClassLinking",
                        "-Xlog:aot+resolve=trace",
                        "-Xlog:aot+class=debug",
-                       "-Xlog:cds+class=debug",
-                       "-cp", appJar);
-
-        OutputAnalyzer dumpOut = CDSTestUtils.createArchiveAndCheck(opts);
-        dumpOut.shouldContain("Can aot-resolve Lambda proxy of interface type IA");
-        dumpOut.shouldContain("Can aot-resolve Lambda proxy of interface type IB");
-        dumpOut.shouldContain("Cannot aot-resolve Lambda proxy of interface type IC");
-        dumpOut.shouldContain("Can aot-resolve Lambda proxy of interface type ID2");
-        dumpOut.shouldContain("Cannot aot-resolve Lambda proxy of interface type IE2"); // unsupported = IE1
-        dumpOut.shouldContain("Cannot aot-resolve Lambda proxy of interface type IF2");
-        dumpOut.shouldContain("Cannot aot-resolve Lambda proxy of interface type IG2");
-        dumpOut.shouldContain("Cannot aot-resolve Lambda proxy of interface type IH3"); // unsupported = IH1
-
-        CDSOptions runOpts = (new CDSOptions())
-            .setUseVersion(false)
-            .addPrefix("-Xlog:cds",
-                       "-esa",         // see JDK-8340836
-                       "-cp", appJar)
-            .addSuffix(mainClass);
-
-        CDSTestUtils.run(runOpts)
-            .assertNormalExit("Hello AOTLinkedLambdasApp",
-                              "hello, world");
+                       "-Xlog:cds+class=debug")
+            .appCommandLine(mainClass)
+            .setTrainingChecker((OutputAnalyzer output) -> {
+                output.shouldContain("Hello AOTLinkedLambdasApp");
+            })
+            .setAssemblyChecker((OutputAnalyzer dumpOut) -> {
+                dumpOut.shouldContain("Can aot-resolve Lambda proxy of interface type IA");
+                dumpOut.shouldContain("Can aot-resolve Lambda proxy of interface type IB");
+                dumpOut.shouldContain("Cannot aot-resolve Lambda proxy of interface type IC");
+                dumpOut.shouldContain("Can aot-resolve Lambda proxy of interface type ID2");
+                dumpOut.shouldContain("Cannot aot-resolve Lambda proxy of interface type IE2"); // unsupported = IE1
+                dumpOut.shouldContain("Cannot aot-resolve Lambda proxy of interface type IF2");
+                dumpOut.shouldContain("Cannot aot-resolve Lambda proxy of interface type IG2");
+                dumpOut.shouldContain("Cannot aot-resolve Lambda proxy of interface type IH3"); // unsupported = IH1
+            })
+            .runAOTTrainingAndAssemblyWorkflow();
+
+        t.setProductionChecker((OutputAnalyzer out) -> {
+                out.shouldContain("Hello AOTLinkedLambdasApp");
+                out.shouldContain("hello, world");
+            })
+            .productionRun();
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/resolvedConstants/AOTLinkedVarHandles.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/resolvedConstants/AOTLinkedVarHandles.java
index 1089e849a90..78e881a9975 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/resolvedConstants/AOTLinkedVarHandles.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/resolvedConstants/AOTLinkedVarHandles.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -39,42 +39,38 @@
 import java.lang.invoke.VarHandle;
 import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSOptions;
 import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSTestUtils;
+import jdk.test.lib.cds.SimpleCDSAppTester;
 import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
 import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
 
 public class AOTLinkedVarHandles {
-    static final String classList = "AOTLinkedVarHandles.classlist";
     static final String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("app.jar");
     static final String mainClass = AOTLinkedVarHandlesApp.class.getName();
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        CDSTestUtils.dumpClassList(classList, "-cp", appJar, mainClass)
-            .assertNormalExit(output -> {
-                output.shouldContain("Hello AOTLinkedVarHandlesApp");
-            });
-
-        CDSOptions opts = (new CDSOptions())
-            .addPrefix("-XX:ExtraSharedClassListFile=" + classList,
+        SimpleCDSAppTester t = SimpleCDSAppTester.of("AOTLinkedVarHandles")
+            .classpath(appJar)
+            .appCommandLine(mainClass)
+            .addVmArgs("-esa",
                        "-XX:+AOTClassLinking",
                        "-Xlog:aot+resolve=trace",
-                       "-Xlog:cds+class=debug",
-                       "-cp", appJar);
-
-        String s = "archived method CP entry.* AOTLinkedVarHandlesApp ";
-        OutputAnalyzer dumpOut = CDSTestUtils.createArchiveAndCheck(opts);
-        dumpOut.shouldMatch(s + "java/lang/invoke/VarHandle.compareAndExchangeAcquire:\\(\\[DIDI\\)D =>");
-        dumpOut.shouldMatch(s + "java/lang/invoke/VarHandle.get:\\(\\[DI\\)D => ");
-        dumpOut.shouldNotContain("rejected .* CP entry.*");
-
-        CDSOptions runOpts = (new CDSOptions())
-            .setUseVersion(false)
-            .addPrefix("-Xlog:cds",
-                       "-esa",
-                       "-cp", appJar)
-            .addSuffix(mainClass);
+                       "-Xlog:cds+class=debug")
+            .setTrainingChecker((OutputAnalyzer output) -> {
+                output.shouldContain("Hello AOTLinkedVarHandlesApp");
+            })
+            .setAssemblyChecker((OutputAnalyzer output) -> {
+                String s = "archived method CP entry.* AOTLinkedVarHandlesApp ";
+                output.shouldMatch(s + "java/lang/invoke/VarHandle.compareAndExchangeAcquire:\\(\\[DIDI\\)D =>");
+                output.shouldMatch(s + "java/lang/invoke/VarHandle.get:\\(\\[DI\\)D => ");
+                output.shouldNotContain("rejected .* CP entry.*");
+            })
+            .runAOTTrainingAndAssemblyWorkflow();
 
-        CDSTestUtils.run(runOpts)
-            .assertNormalExit("Hello AOTLinkedVarHandlesApp");
+        t.setVmArgs("-Xlog:cds,aot", "-esa")
+        .setProductionChecker((OutputAnalyzer output) -> {
+            output.shouldContain("Hello AOTLinkedVarHandlesApp");
+        })
+        .productionRun();
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/cds/CDSAppTester.java b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/cds/CDSAppTester.java
index 0be21b9ec27..07b2981d4d3 100644
--- a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/cds/CDSAppTester.java
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/cds/CDSAppTester.java
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@ public void runAOTWorkflow(String... args) throws Exception {
     }
 
     // See JEP 483; stop at the assembly run; do not execute production run
-    public void runAOTAssemblyWorkflow() throws Exception {
+    public void runAOTTrainingAndAssemblyWorkflow() throws Exception {
         this.workflow = Workflow.AOT;
         recordAOTConfiguration();
         createAOTCache();
diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/cds/SimpleCDSAppTester.java b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/cds/SimpleCDSAppTester.java
index 73e45711fe9..ab8f85961b6 100644
--- a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/cds/SimpleCDSAppTester.java
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/cds/SimpleCDSAppTester.java
@@ -98,6 +98,12 @@ public SimpleCDSAppTester addVmArgs(String... args) {
         return this;
     }
 
+    // Replace VM args with new list
+    public SimpleCDSAppTester setVmArgs(String... args) {
+        vmArgs = args;
+        return this;
+    }
+
     public SimpleCDSAppTester appCommandLine(String... args) {
         this.appCommandLine = args;
         return this;
@@ -207,6 +213,16 @@ public SimpleCDSAppTester runAOTWorkflow() throws Exception {
         return this;
     }
 
+    public SimpleCDSAppTester runAOTTrainingAndAssemblyWorkflow() throws Exception {
+        tester.runAOTTrainingAndAssemblyWorkflow();
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    public SimpleCDSAppTester productionRun() throws Exception {
+        tester.productionRun();
+        return this;
+    }
+
     public SimpleCDSAppTester run(String args[])  throws Exception {
         tester.run(args);
         return this;
@@ -226,7 +242,8 @@ public String aotCacheFile() {
         return tester.aotCacheFile();
     }
 
-    public void setCheckExitValue(boolean b) {
+    public SimpleCDSAppTester setCheckExitValue(boolean b) {
         tester.setCheckExitValue(b);
+        return this;
     }
 }

From 3245eb2fe98b1f00897437d2f7f8fdaf44b6158e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: William Kemper <wkemper@openjdk.org>
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 2026 22:55:42 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 648/707] 8390310: Shenandoah: Abbreviated cycles should allow
 promotion-in-place

Reviewed-by: shade, kdnilsen
---
 .../shenandoahGenerationalHeuristics.cpp      | 158 +++++++-----
 .../shenandoahGenerationalHeuristics.hpp      |  25 +-
 .../heuristics/shenandoahHeuristics.cpp       |  12 +-
 .../heuristics/shenandoahHeuristics.hpp       |   6 +-
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAgeCensus.hpp     |   7 +
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.hpp    |   1 +
 .../shenandoah/shenandoahInPlacePromoter.cpp  |  53 ++---
 .../shenandoah/shenandoahInPlacePromoter.hpp  |  10 +-
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp |   1 -
 .../gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp |   9 -
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahTrace.cpp   |  18 +-
 .../share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahTrace.hpp   |   5 +-
 ...tPromoteInPlaceDuringAbbreviatedCycle.java | 225 ++++++++++++++++++
 13 files changed, 394 insertions(+), 136 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/generational/TestPromoteInPlaceDuringAbbreviatedCycle.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahGenerationalHeuristics.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahGenerationalHeuristics.cpp
index ca4dfc71c61..dbc795651f2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahGenerationalHeuristics.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahGenerationalHeuristics.cpp
@@ -38,8 +38,6 @@
 #include "logging/log.hpp"
 #include "utilities/quickSort.hpp"
 
-using idx_t = ShenandoahSimpleBitMap::idx_t;
-
 static int compare_by_aged_live(AgedRegionData a, AgedRegionData b) {
   if (a._live_data < b._live_data)
     return -1;
@@ -77,6 +75,73 @@ ShenandoahGenerationalHeuristics::ShenandoahGenerationalHeuristics(ShenandoahGen
         : ShenandoahAdaptiveHeuristics(generation), _generation(generation), _add_regions_to_old(0) {
 }
 
+void ShenandoahGenerationalHeuristics::prepare_for_abbreviated_cycle() {
+  auto const heap = ShenandoahGenerationalHeap::heap();
+  adjust_reserves_for_abbreviated(heap);
+
+  ShenandoahInPlacePromotionPlanner in_place_promotions(heap);
+  ShenandoahAgeCensus* census = heap->age_census();
+  if (census->get_tenurable_bytes(census->effective_threshold()) != 0) {
+    prepare_regions_for_promotion(in_place_promotions, heap, nullptr);
+  }
+  in_place_promotions.complete_planning();
+
+  // Only these in-place promotion regions will be tenured this cycle
+  const size_t tenurable_this_cycle = in_place_promotions.live_bytes();
+  compute_promotion_potential(heap, tenurable_this_cycle);
+
+  ShenandoahTracer::report_promotion_info(heap->collection_set(), in_place_promotions);
+}
+
+void ShenandoahGenerationalHeuristics::adjust_reserves_for_abbreviated(ShenandoahGenerationalHeap* heap) {
+  // We are not going to evacuate because this is an abbreviated cycle.  Reset the reserves.
+  heap->young_generation()->set_evacuation_reserve(0UL);
+  heap->old_generation()->set_evacuation_reserve(0UL);
+  heap->old_generation()->set_promoted_reserve(0UL);
+}
+
+size_t ShenandoahGenerationalHeuristics::prepare_regions_for_promotion(ShenandoahInPlacePromotionPlanner& in_place_promotions,
+                                                                       ShenandoahGenerationalHeap* heap,
+                                                                       AgedRegionData* sorted_regions) {
+  // There should be no regions configured for subsequent in-place-promotions carried over from the previous cycle.
+  assert_no_in_place_promotions();
+  size_t candidates = 0;
+  for (size_t i = 0, num_regions = heap->num_regions(); i < num_regions; i++) {
+    ShenandoahHeapRegion* const r = heap->get_region(i);
+    if (r->is_empty() || !r->has_live() || !r->is_young()) {
+      // skip over regions that aren't young with some live data
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    if (!r->is_regular()) {
+      if (r->is_humongous_start() && heap->is_tenurable(r)) {
+        in_place_promotions.prepare(r);
+      }
+      // Nothing else to be done for humongous regions
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    if (heap->is_tenurable(r)) {
+      if (in_place_promotions.is_eligible(r)) {
+        // We prefer to promote this region in place because it has a small amount of garbage and a large usage.
+        // Note that if this region has been used recently for allocation, it will not be promoted, and it will
+        // not be selected for promotion by evacuation.
+        in_place_promotions.prepare(r);
+      } else if (sorted_regions != nullptr) {
+        // Record this promotion-eligible candidate region. After sorting and selecting the best candidates below,
+        // we may still decide to exclude this promotion-eligible region from the current collection set.  If this
+        // happens, we will consider this region as part of the anticipated promotion potential for the next GC
+        // pass; see further below.
+        sorted_regions[candidates]._region = r;
+        sorted_regions[candidates]._live_data = r->get_live_data_bytes();
+        candidates++;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return candidates;
+}
+
 void ShenandoahGenerationalHeuristics::choose_collection_set_from_regiondata(ShenandoahCollectionSet* collection_set,
                                                                              RegionData* data, size_t data_size,
                                                                              size_t free) {
@@ -99,13 +164,7 @@ void ShenandoahGenerationalHeuristics::choose_collection_set_from_regiondata(She
     heap->shenandoah_policy()->record_mixed_cycle();
   }
 
-  ShenandoahTracer::report_promotion_info(collection_set,
-                                          in_place_promotions.humongous_region_stats().count,
-                                          in_place_promotions.humongous_region_stats().garbage,
-                                          in_place_promotions.humongous_region_stats().free,
-                                          in_place_promotions.regular_region_stats().count,
-                                          in_place_promotions.regular_region_stats().garbage,
-                                          in_place_promotions.regular_region_stats().free);
+  ShenandoahTracer::report_promotion_info(collection_set, in_place_promotions);
 }
 
 void ShenandoahGenerationalHeuristics::compute_evacuation_budgets(ShenandoahInPlacePromotionPlanner& in_place_promotions,
@@ -285,75 +344,46 @@ void ShenandoahGenerationalHeuristics::add_tenured_regions_to_collection_set(con
 // reserved in the young generation.
 size_t ShenandoahGenerationalHeuristics::select_aged_regions(ShenandoahInPlacePromotionPlanner& in_place_promotions,
                                                              const size_t old_promotion_reserve) {
-
-  // There should be no regions configured for subsequent in-place-promotions carried over from the previous cycle.
-  assert_no_in_place_promotions();
-
   auto const heap = ShenandoahGenerationalHeap::heap();
 
-  size_t candidates = 0;
-
   // Sort the promotion-eligible regions in order of increasing live-data-bytes so that we can first reclaim regions that require
   // less evacuation effort.  This prioritizes garbage first, expanding the allocation pool early before we reclaim regions that
-  // have more live data.
-  const idx_t num_regions = heap->num_regions();
-
+  // have more live data. This also prepares regions for in-place promotions
   ResourceMark rm;
-  AgedRegionData* sorted_regions = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(AgedRegionData, num_regions);
-
-  for (idx_t i = 0; i < num_regions; i++) {
-    ShenandoahHeapRegion* const r = heap->get_region(i);
-    if (r->is_empty() || !r->has_live() || !r->is_young()) {
-      // skip over regions that aren't young with some live data
-      continue;
-    }
-
-    if (!r->is_regular()) {
-      if (r->is_humongous_start() && heap->is_tenurable(r)) {
-        in_place_promotions.prepare(r);
-      }
-      // Nothing else to be done for humongous regions
-      continue;
-    }
-
-    if (heap->is_tenurable(r)) {
-      if (in_place_promotions.is_eligible(r)) {
-        // We prefer to promote this region in place because it has a small amount of garbage and a large usage.
-        // Note that if this region has been used recently for allocation, it will not be promoted and it will
-        // not be selected for promotion by evacuation.
-        in_place_promotions.prepare(r);
-      } else {
-        // Record this promotion-eligible candidate region. After sorting and selecting the best candidates below,
-        // we may still decide to exclude this promotion-eligible region from the current collection set.  If this
-        // happens, we will consider this region as part of the anticipated promotion potential for the next GC
-        // pass; see further below.
-        sorted_regions[candidates]._region = r;
-        sorted_regions[candidates]._live_data = r->get_live_data_bytes();
-        candidates++;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
+  AgedRegionData* sorted_regions = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(AgedRegionData, heap->num_regions());
+  const size_t candidates = prepare_regions_for_promotion(in_place_promotions, heap, sorted_regions);
   in_place_promotions.complete_planning();
 
   add_tenured_regions_to_collection_set(old_promotion_reserve, heap, candidates, sorted_regions);
 
-  const uint tenuring_threshold = heap->age_census()->tenuring_threshold();
-  const size_t tenurable_this_cycle = heap->age_census()->get_tenurable_bytes(tenuring_threshold);
-  const size_t tenurable_next_cycle = heap->age_census()->get_tenurable_bytes(tenuring_threshold - 1);
-  assert(tenurable_next_cycle >= tenurable_this_cycle,
-          "Tenurable next cycle (" PROPERFMT ") should include tenurable this cycle (" PROPERFMT ")",
-          PROPERFMTARGS(tenurable_next_cycle), PROPERFMTARGS(tenurable_this_cycle));
-
-  const size_t max_promotions = tenurable_this_cycle * ShenandoahPromoEvacWaste;
+  // Act as though everything that can be tenured, will be tenured. This overestimates how much will be promoted,
+  // but has the effect of tending to keep the old generation smaller because it believes less will be tenured
+  // on the next cycle.
+  const size_t tenurable_this_cycle = heap->age_census()->get_tenurable_bytes();
+  const size_t max_promotions = compute_promotion_potential(heap, tenurable_this_cycle);
   const size_t old_consumed = MIN2(max_promotions, old_promotion_reserve);
+  return old_consumed;
+}
+
+size_t ShenandoahGenerationalHeuristics::compute_promotion_potential(ShenandoahGenerationalHeap* const heap,
+                                                                     size_t tenurable_this_cycle) {
+  const uint effective_threshold = heap->age_census()->effective_threshold();
+  const uint next_threshold = effective_threshold > 0 ? effective_threshold - 1 : 0;
+  const size_t tenurable_next_cycle = heap->age_census()->get_tenurable_bytes(next_threshold);
+
+  // This assertion still holds even when tenurable_this_cycle is derived from in-place-promotions
+  // alone. The census cohort index is the region age plus the object's age, so every byte in a pip
+  // region is counted in the census.
+  assert(tenurable_next_cycle >= tenurable_this_cycle,
+         "Tenurable next cycle (" PROPERFMT ") should include tenurable this cycle (" PROPERFMT ")",
+         PROPERFMTARGS(tenurable_next_cycle), PROPERFMTARGS(tenurable_this_cycle));
 
   // Don't include the bytes we expect to promote in this cycle in the next cycle
-  const size_t promo_potential = (tenurable_next_cycle - tenurable_this_cycle) * ShenandoahPromoEvacWaste;
+  const size_t remaining = tenurable_next_cycle > tenurable_this_cycle ? tenurable_next_cycle - tenurable_this_cycle : 0;
+  const size_t promo_potential = remaining * ShenandoahPromoEvacWaste;
   heap->old_generation()->set_promotion_potential(promo_potential);
   log_info(gc, ergo)("Promotion potential of aged regions with sufficient garbage: " PROPERFMT, PROPERFMTARGS(promo_potential));
-
-  return old_consumed;
+  return tenurable_this_cycle * ShenandoahPromoEvacWaste;
 }
 
 // Having chosen the collection set, adjust the budgets for generational mode based on its composition.  Note
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahGenerationalHeuristics.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahGenerationalHeuristics.hpp
index 1860e3d4c0f..574e65aa6c0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahGenerationalHeuristics.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahGenerationalHeuristics.hpp
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ class ShenandoahGeneration;
 class ShenandoahHeap;
 class ShenandoahCollectionSet;
 class RegionData;
+class ShenandoahGenerationalHeap;
 
 typedef struct {
   ShenandoahHeapRegion* _region;
@@ -58,12 +59,24 @@ class ShenandoahGenerationalHeuristics : public ShenandoahAdaptiveHeuristics {
   void record_cycle_end() override;
 
 protected:
+  // Select regions for in place promotion and zero evacuation reserves
+  void prepare_for_abbreviated_cycle() override;
+
   // Wraps budget computation, subclass region selection, budget adjustment, and tracing.
   void choose_collection_set_from_regiondata(ShenandoahCollectionSet* set,
                                              RegionData* data, size_t data_size,
                                              size_t free) override;
 
 private:
+  // When we decide to do an abbreviated cycle, withdraw reserves so memory can be made available to mutators.
+  void adjust_reserves_for_abbreviated(ShenandoahGenerationalHeap* heap);
+
+  // Select regions for in place promotion and optionally record tenurable regions that are not eligible
+  // for in-place promotion in the given sorted_regions array for possible inclusion in the collection set.
+  size_t prepare_regions_for_promotion(ShenandoahInPlacePromotionPlanner& in_place_promotions,
+                                       ShenandoahGenerationalHeap* heap,
+                                       AgedRegionData* sorted_regions);
+
   // Compute evacuation budgets prior to choosing collection set.
   void compute_evacuation_budgets(ShenandoahInPlacePromotionPlanner& in_place_promotions, ShenandoahHeap* const heap);
 
@@ -77,11 +90,10 @@ class ShenandoahGenerationalHeuristics : public ShenandoahAdaptiveHeuristics {
   // being those of at least tenuring_threshold age that have lower garbage
   // density.
   //
-  // Updates promotion_potential and pad_for_promote_in_place fields
-  // of the heap. Returns bytes of live object memory in the preselected
-  // regions, which are marked in the preselected_regions() indicator
-  // array of the heap's collection set, which should be initialized
-  // to false.
+  // Updates promotion_potential field of the heap. Returns bytes of live object
+  // memory in the preselected regions, which are marked in the
+  // preselected_regions() indicator array of the heap's collection set, which
+  // should be initialized to false.
   size_t select_aged_regions(ShenandoahInPlacePromotionPlanner& in_place_promotions, const size_t old_promotion_reserve);
 
   // Select regions for inclusion in the collection set that are tenured, but do
@@ -90,6 +102,9 @@ class ShenandoahGenerationalHeuristics : public ShenandoahAdaptiveHeuristics {
                                              ShenandoahGenerationalHeap *const heap,
                                              size_t candidates, AgedRegionData* sorted_regions);
 
+  // Updates the anticipated promotions for the next cycle and returns the maximum promotions for the current cycle
+  size_t compute_promotion_potential(ShenandoahGenerationalHeap* heap, size_t tenurable_this_cycle);
+
   // Adjust evacuation budgets after choosing collection set.  On entry, the instance variable _regions_to_xfer
   // represents regions to be transferred to old based on decisions made in top_off_collection_set()
   void adjust_evacuation_budgets(ShenandoahGenerationalHeap* const heap,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahHeuristics.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahHeuristics.cpp
index 74b62003f86..a0aec3c70a2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahHeuristics.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahHeuristics.cpp
@@ -152,9 +152,10 @@ void ShenandoahHeuristics::choose_collection_set(ShenandoahCollectionSet* collec
 
   if (immediate_percent <= ShenandoahImmediateThreshold) {
     choose_collection_set_from_regiondata(collection_set, candidates, cand_idx, immediate_garbage + free);
-  } else if (heap->mode()->is_generational()) {
-    adjust_reserves_for_abbreviated(heap);
+  } else {
+    prepare_for_abbreviated_cycle();
   }
+
   collection_set->summarize(total_garbage, immediate_garbage, immediate_regions);
   ShenandoahTracer::report_evacuation_info(collection_set, free_regions, immediate_regions, immediate_garbage);
 }
@@ -163,13 +164,6 @@ void ShenandoahHeuristics::start_idle_span() {
   // do nothing
 }
 
-void ShenandoahHeuristics::adjust_reserves_for_abbreviated(ShenandoahHeap* heap) {
-  // We are not going to evacuate because this is an abbreviated cycle.  Reset the reserves.
-  heap->young_generation()->set_evacuation_reserve(0UL);
-  heap->old_generation()->set_evacuation_reserve(0UL);
-  heap->old_generation()->set_promoted_reserve(0UL);
-}
-
 void ShenandoahHeuristics::record_degenerated_cycle_start(bool out_of_cycle) {
   if (out_of_cycle) {
     _precursor_cycle_start = _cycle_start = os::elapsedTime();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahHeuristics.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahHeuristics.hpp
index b50c2004262..1deb98c3f8a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahHeuristics.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahHeuristics.hpp
@@ -83,9 +83,6 @@ class ShenandoahHeuristics : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   double _most_recent_trigger_evaluation_time;
   double _most_recent_planned_sleep_interval;
 
-  // When we decide to do an abbreviated cycle, withdraw reserves so memory can be made available to mutators.
-  void adjust_reserves_for_abbreviated(ShenandoahHeap* heap);
-
 protected:
   static constexpr uint Moving_Average_Samples = 10; // Number of samples to store in moving averages
 
@@ -196,6 +193,9 @@ class ShenandoahHeuristics : public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
                                                      RegionData* data, size_t data_size,
                                                      size_t free) = 0;
 
+  // Called when immediate garbage threshold is reached.
+  virtual void prepare_for_abbreviated_cycle() {}
+
   virtual void adjust_penalty(intx step);
 
   inline void accept_trigger() {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAgeCensus.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAgeCensus.hpp
index 5636dee3ae2..8cc8e31cf29 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAgeCensus.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAgeCensus.hpp
@@ -189,6 +189,13 @@ class ShenandoahAgeCensus: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
   // Visible for testing. Use is_tenurable for consistent tenuring comparisons.
   uint tenuring_threshold() const { return _tenuring_threshold[_epoch]; }
 
+  // Returns zero when always_tenure is true (which is only true when the gc
+  // is triggered by WB.fullGC()). Note that zero itself is the floor, so do
+  // not subtract from it to get the younger cohort.
+  uint effective_threshold() const {
+    return is_always_tenure() ? 0 : tenuring_threshold();
+  }
+
   // Return true if this age is at or above the tenuring threshold, or if always tenure is enabled.
   bool is_tenurable(uint age) const {
     return age >= tenuring_threshold() || _always_tenure;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.hpp
index c377ef8b0ed..98fc9040df9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeapRegion.hpp
@@ -514,6 +514,7 @@ class ShenandoahHeapRegion {
   }
 
   void reset_age() {
+    assert(get_top_before_promote() == nullptr, "Cannot reset age on region (%zu) scheduled for promotion", index());
     CENSUS_NOISE(_youth += _age;)
     _age = 0;
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahInPlacePromoter.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahInPlacePromoter.cpp
index ffa087ac3c0..4a3c2b9f2e3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahInPlacePromoter.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahInPlacePromoter.cpp
@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ ShenandoahInPlacePromotionPlanner::ShenandoahInPlacePromotionPlanner(const Shena
   , _marking_context(_heap->marking_context())
   , _mutator_regions(_free_set)
   , _collector_regions(_free_set)
-  , _pip_padding_bytes(0)
 {
 }
 
@@ -105,7 +104,6 @@ void ShenandoahInPlacePromotionPlanner::prepare(ShenandoahHeapRegion* r) {
       remnant_bytes = 0;
     }
 
-    _pip_padding_bytes += remnant_bytes;
     _free_set->prepare_to_promote_in_place(i, remnant_bytes);
   } else {
     // Since the remnant is so small that this region has already been retired, we don't have to worry about any
@@ -117,7 +115,6 @@ void ShenandoahInPlacePromotionPlanner::prepare(ShenandoahHeapRegion* r) {
 }
 
 void ShenandoahInPlacePromotionPlanner::complete_planning() const {
-  _heap->old_generation()->set_pad_for_promote_in_place(_pip_padding_bytes);
   _heap->old_generation()->set_expected_humongous_region_promotions(_pip_humongous_stats.count);
   _heap->old_generation()->set_expected_regular_region_promotions(_pip_regular_stats.count);
   log_info(gc, ergo)("Planning to promote in place %zu humongous regions and %zu"
@@ -136,30 +133,31 @@ void ShenandoahInPlacePromotionPlanner::complete_planning() const {
 }
 
 void ShenandoahInPlacePromoter::maybe_promote_region(ShenandoahHeapRegion* r) const {
-  if (r->is_young() && r->is_active() && _heap->is_tenurable(r)) {
-    if (r->is_humongous_start()) {
-      // We promote humongous_start regions along with their affiliated continuations during evacuation rather than
-      // doing this work during a safepoint.  We cannot put humongous regions into the collection set because that
-      // triggers the load-reference barrier (LRB) to copy on reference fetch.
-      //
-      // Aged humongous continuation regions are handled with their start region.  If an aged regular region has
-      // more garbage than ShenandoahOldGarbageThreshold, we'll promote by evacuation.  If there is room for evacuation
-      // in this cycle, the region will be in the collection set.  If there is no room, the region will be promoted
-      // by evacuation in some future GC cycle.
-
-      // We do not promote primitive arrays because there's no performance penalty keeping them in young.  When/if they
-      // become garbage, reclaiming the memory from young is much quicker and more efficient than reclaiming them from old.
-      oop obj = cast_to_oop(r->bottom());
-      if (!obj->is_typeArray()) {
-        promote_humongous(r);
-      }
-    } else if (r->is_regular_or_regular_pinned() && (r->get_top_before_promote() != nullptr)) {
-      // Likewise, we cannot put promote-in-place regions into the collection set because that would also trigger
-      // the LRB to copy on reference fetch.
-      //
-      // If an aged regular region has received allocations during the current cycle, we do not promote because the
-      // newly allocated objects do not have appropriate age; this region's age will be reset to zero at end of cycle.
-      promote(r);
+  if (r->is_regular_or_regular_pinned() && (r->get_top_before_promote() != nullptr)) {
+    // This region was scheduled for promotion. The promotion must be completed.
+    // The 'always_tenure' override flag set by WB.fullGC() is not carried over
+    // into the degenerated cycle so we cannot rely on is_tenurable again. We checked
+    // it when we made the plan for this region, that plan is authoritative.
+    assert(r->is_young() && r->is_active(), "Region scheduled for promotion must still be young and active");
+    promote(r);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (r->is_young() && r->is_active() && r->is_humongous_start() && _heap->is_tenurable(r)) {
+    // We promote humongous_start regions along with their affiliated continuations during evacuation rather than
+    // doing this work during a safepoint.  We cannot put humongous regions into the collection set because that
+    // triggers the load-reference barrier (LRB) to copy on reference fetch.
+    //
+    // Aged humongous continuation regions are handled with their start region.  If an aged regular region has
+    // more garbage than ShenandoahOldGarbageThreshold, we'll promote by evacuation.  If there is room for evacuation
+    // in this cycle, the region will be in the collection set.  If there is no room, the region will be promoted
+    // by evacuation in some future GC cycle.
+
+    // We do not promote primitive arrays because there's no performance penalty keeping them in young.  When/if they
+    // become garbage, reclaiming the memory from young is much quicker and more efficient than reclaiming them from old.
+    oop obj = cast_to_oop(r->bottom());
+    if (!obj->is_typeArray()) {
+      promote_humongous(r);
     }
   }
 }
@@ -182,7 +180,6 @@ void ShenandoahInPlacePromoter::promote(ShenandoahHeapRegion* region) const {
            "Region %zu has too much garbage for promotion", region->index());
     assert(region->is_young(), "Only young regions can be promoted");
     assert(region->is_regular_or_regular_pinned(), "Use different service to promote humongous regions");
-    assert(_heap->is_tenurable(region), "Only promote regions that are sufficiently aged");
     assert(region->get_top_before_promote() == tams, "Region %zu has been used for allocations before promotion", region->index());
   }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahInPlacePromoter.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahInPlacePromoter.hpp
index d2cb644a59e..4777c1893e3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahInPlacePromoter.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahInPlacePromoter.hpp
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ class ShenandoahInPlacePromotionPlanner {
     RegionPromotionStats() : count(0), usage(0), free(0), garbage(0) {}
     void update(ShenandoahHeapRegion* region) {
       count++;
-      usage += region->used();
+      usage += region->get_live_data_bytes();
       free += region->free();
       garbage += region->garbage();
     }
@@ -101,9 +101,6 @@ class ShenandoahInPlacePromotionPlanner {
   RegionPromotions _mutator_regions;
   RegionPromotions _collector_regions;
 
-  // Tracks the padding of space above top in regions eligible for promotion in place
-  size_t _pip_padding_bytes;
-
   // Tracks stats for in place promotions
   RegionPromotionStats _pip_regular_stats;
   RegionPromotionStats _pip_humongous_stats;
@@ -124,6 +121,11 @@ class ShenandoahInPlacePromotionPlanner {
   const RegionPromotionStats& humongous_region_stats() const { return _pip_humongous_stats; }
 
   size_t old_garbage_threshold() const { return _old_garbage_threshold; }
+
+  // Return the total amount of live bytes that will be promoted in place
+  size_t live_bytes() const {
+    return regular_region_stats().usage + humongous_region_stats().usage;
+  }
 };
 
 // For regions that have been selected and prepared for promotion, this class
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp
index 958e7b3cf95..8d34937218e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.cpp
@@ -109,7 +109,6 @@ ShenandoahOldGeneration::ShenandoahOldGeneration(uint max_queues)
     _promoted_reserve(0),
     _promoted_expended(0),
     _promotion_potential(0),
-    _pad_for_promote_in_place(0),
     _promotable_humongous_regions(0),
     _promotable_regular_regions(0),
     _is_parsable(true),
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp
index 61a3114f906..3519303c303 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp
@@ -74,11 +74,6 @@ class ShenandoahOldGeneration : public ShenandoahGeneration {
   // It is also used when computing the optimum size for the old generation.
   size_t _promotion_potential;
 
-  // When a region is selected to be promoted in place, the remaining free memory is filled
-  // in to prevent additional allocations (preventing premature promotion of newly allocated
-  // objects). This field records the total amount of padding used for such regions.
-  size_t _pad_for_promote_in_place;
-
   // During construction of the collection set, we keep track of regions that are eligible
   // for promotion in place. These fields track the count of those humongous and regular regions.
   // This data is used to force the evacuation phase even when the collection set is otherwise
@@ -153,10 +148,6 @@ class ShenandoahOldGeneration : public ShenandoahGeneration {
   void set_promotion_potential(size_t val) { _promotion_potential = val; }
   size_t get_promotion_potential() const { return _promotion_potential; }
 
-  // See description in field declaration
-  void set_pad_for_promote_in_place(size_t pad) { _pad_for_promote_in_place = pad; }
-  size_t get_pad_for_promote_in_place() const { return _pad_for_promote_in_place; }
-
   // See description in field declaration
   void set_expected_humongous_region_promotions(size_t region_count) { _promotable_humongous_regions = region_count; }
   void set_expected_regular_region_promotions(size_t region_count) { _promotable_regular_regions = region_count; }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahTrace.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahTrace.cpp
index c28e572dd6b..40b9c94737e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahTrace.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahTrace.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahCollectionSet.inline.hpp"
+#include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahInPlacePromoter.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahTrace.hpp"
 #include "jfr/jfrEvents.hpp"
 
@@ -43,22 +44,19 @@ void ShenandoahTracer::report_evacuation_info(const ShenandoahCollectionSet* cse
   }
 }
 
-void ShenandoahTracer::report_promotion_info(const ShenandoahCollectionSet* cset,
-    size_t regions_promoted_humongous, size_t humongous_promoted_garbage, size_t humongous_promoted_free,
-    size_t regions_promoted_regular, size_t regular_promoted_garbage, size_t regular_promoted_free) {
-
+void ShenandoahTracer::report_promotion_info(const ShenandoahCollectionSet* cset, const ShenandoahInPlacePromotionPlanner& planner) {
   EventShenandoahPromotionInformation e;
   if (e.should_commit()) {
     e.set_gcId(GCId::current());
     e.set_collectedOld(cset->get_live_bytes_in_old_regions());
     e.set_collectedPromoted(cset->get_live_bytes_in_tenurable_regions());
     e.set_collectedYoung(cset->get_live_bytes_in_untenurable_regions());
-    e.set_regionsPromotedHumongous(regions_promoted_humongous);
-    e.set_humongousPromotedGarbage(humongous_promoted_garbage);
-    e.set_humongousPromotedFree(humongous_promoted_free);
-    e.set_regionsPromotedRegular(regions_promoted_regular);
-    e.set_regularPromotedGarbage(regular_promoted_garbage);
-    e.set_regularPromotedFree(regular_promoted_free);
+    e.set_regionsPromotedHumongous(planner.humongous_region_stats().count);
+    e.set_humongousPromotedGarbage(planner.humongous_region_stats().garbage);
+    e.set_humongousPromotedFree(planner.humongous_region_stats().free);
+    e.set_regionsPromotedRegular(planner.regular_region_stats().count);
+    e.set_regularPromotedGarbage(planner.regular_region_stats().garbage);
+    e.set_regularPromotedFree(planner.regular_region_stats().free);
 
     e.commit();
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahTrace.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahTrace.hpp
index e5c80e0705f..b37e8d66995 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahTrace.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahTrace.hpp
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
 
 class ShenandoahCollectionSet;
+class ShenandoahInPlacePromotionPlanner;
 
 class ShenandoahTracer : public GCTracer, public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
 public:
@@ -39,9 +40,7 @@ class ShenandoahTracer : public GCTracer, public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
     size_t free_regions, size_t regions_immediate, size_t immediate_size);
 
   // Sends a JFR event summarizing in-place promotion activity (generational mode only)
-  static void report_promotion_info(const ShenandoahCollectionSet* cset,
-    size_t regions_promoted_humongous, size_t humongous_promoted_garbage, size_t humongous_promoted_free,
-    size_t regions_promoted_regular, size_t regular_promoted_garbage, size_t regular_promoted_free);
+  static void report_promotion_info(const ShenandoahCollectionSet* cset, const ShenandoahInPlacePromotionPlanner& planner);
 };
 
 #endif
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/generational/TestPromoteInPlaceDuringAbbreviatedCycle.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/generational/TestPromoteInPlaceDuringAbbreviatedCycle.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e9be9f39fbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/shenandoah/generational/TestPromoteInPlaceDuringAbbreviatedCycle.java
@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+package gc.shenandoah.generational;
+
+import com.sun.management.GarbageCollectionNotificationInfo;
+
+import java.lang.management.GarbageCollectorMXBean;
+import java.lang.management.ManagementFactory;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+import javax.management.Notification;
+import javax.management.NotificationEmitter;
+import javax.management.NotificationListener;
+import javax.management.openmbean.CompositeData;
+
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+
+
+/*
+ * @test id=generational
+ * @bug 8390310
+ * @requires vm.gc.Shenandoah
+ * @summary Aged regions must be promoted in place during an abbreviated cycle
+ *          (one that skips the evacuation and update-refs phases).
+ * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /
+ * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
+ *      -Xms512m -Xmx512m
+ *      -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+ *      -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCMode=generational
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahGenerationalMinPIPUsage=1
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahOldGarbageThreshold=100
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahRegionSize=1m
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahImmediateThreshold=0
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahGenerationalMinTenuringAge=1
+ *      -XX:ShenandoahGenerationalMaxTenuringAge=1
+ *      -XX:-DisableExplicitGC -XX:+ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent
+ *      gc.shenandoah.generational.TestPromoteInPlaceDuringAbbreviatedCycle
+ */
+
+ /*
+  * @test id=generational-always-tenure
+  * @bug 8390310
+  * @requires vm.gc.Shenandoah
+  * @summary Tests that promotion potential is correct when the always tenure
+  *          override is in effect (set by WB.fullGC())
+  * @library /testlibrary /test/lib /
+  * @build jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+  * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:.
+  *      -Xms512m -Xmx512m
+  *      -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI
+  *      -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+  *      -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCMode=generational
+  *      -XX:ShenandoahGenerationalMinPIPUsage=1
+  *      -XX:ShenandoahOldGarbageThreshold=100
+  *      -XX:ShenandoahRegionSize=1m
+  *      -XX:ShenandoahImmediateThreshold=0
+  *      -XX:ShenandoahGenerationalMinTenuringAge=2
+  *      -XX:ShenandoahGenerationalMaxTenuringAge=2
+  *      -XX:-DisableExplicitGC -XX:+ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent
+  *      gc.shenandoah.generational.TestPromoteInPlaceDuringAbbreviatedCycle always-tenure
+  */
+public class TestPromoteInPlaceDuringAbbreviatedCycle {
+
+    private static final WhiteBox WB = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+
+    // Make a humongous array (with 1MB regions, this will be humongous with
+    // and without compressed oops).
+    private static final int HUMONGOUS_REFS = 512 * 1024;
+
+    // Also make a not humongous array to test regular region promotion path
+    private static final int REGULAR_REFS = 256;
+
+    // Used to create pure garbage regions to satisfy immediate garbage
+    // threshold
+    private static final int GARBAGE_BYTES = 2 * 1024 * 1024;
+
+    // Test will fail if our humongous object isn't promoted in this many cycles
+    private static final int MAX_CYCLES = 5;
+
+    // Keep references so the arrays under test stay live and age in young.
+    private static Object[] humongous;
+    private static Object[] regular;
+
+    // Reference used to publish, then drop, the per-cycle garbage (to keep
+    // local var from being eliminated)
+    private static Object garbage;
+
+    private static boolean isCollectorNotification(Notification n) {
+        return n.getType().equals(GarbageCollectionNotificationInfo.GARBAGE_COLLECTION_NOTIFICATION);
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isIllegalPause(GarbageCollectionNotificationInfo info) {
+      return info.getGcName().equals("Shenandoah Pauses")
+          &&  (info.getGcAction().contains("Update Refs")
+            || info.getGcAction().contains("Degen")
+            || info.getGcAction().contains("Full"));
+    }
+
+    private static void subscribeToCollectorNotifications(NotificationListener listener) {
+        for (GarbageCollectorMXBean b : ManagementFactory.getGarbageCollectorMXBeans()) {
+            ((NotificationEmitter) b).addNotificationListener(listener, null, null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void unsubscribeToCollectorNotifications(NotificationListener listener) throws Exception {
+        for (GarbageCollectorMXBean b : ManagementFactory.getGarbageCollectorMXBeans()) {
+            ((NotificationEmitter) b).removeNotificationListener(listener, null, null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static GarbageCollectorMXBean cycleBean() {
+        for (GarbageCollectorMXBean b : ManagementFactory.getGarbageCollectorMXBeans()) {
+            if (b.getName().equals("Shenandoah Cycles")) {
+                return b;
+            }
+        }
+        throw new IllegalStateException("No \"Shenandoah Cycles\" bean found");
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        boolean alwaysTenure = args.length > 0 && "always-tenure".equals(args[0]);
+        humongous = new Object[HUMONGOUS_REFS];
+        regular = new Object[REGULAR_REFS];
+
+        // Listen for events to detect if a non-abbreviated cycle runs
+        final GarbageCollectorMXBean cycles = cycleBean();
+        final AtomicLong illegalPauses = new AtomicLong();
+        final AtomicLong maxCycleId = new AtomicLong();
+        NotificationListener listener = (Notification n, Object o) -> {
+            if (isCollectorNotification(n)) {
+                GarbageCollectionNotificationInfo info = GarbageCollectionNotificationInfo.from((CompositeData) n.getUserData());
+                if (isIllegalPause(info)) {
+                    illegalPauses.incrementAndGet();
+                } else if (info.getGcName().equals("Shenandoah Cycles")) {
+                    long gcId = info.getGcInfo().getId();
+                    if (gcId > maxCycleId.get()) {
+                        maxCycleId.set(gcId);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        subscribeToCollectorNotifications(listener);
+
+        if (WB.isObjectInOldGen(humongous)) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Expected young humongous array");
+        }
+
+        if (WB.isObjectInOldGen(regular)) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Expected young regular array");
+        }
+
+        for (int cycle = 1; cycle <= MAX_CYCLES; cycle++) {
+            // Produce one whole dead region so the upcoming cycle is abbreviated.
+            garbage = new byte[GARBAGE_BYTES];
+            garbage = null;
+
+            if (alwaysTenure) {
+                // This also runs a global cycle, but with an effective tenuring threshold of zero
+                WB.fullGC();
+            } else {
+                // Runs a concurrent global cycle and blocks until it completes.
+                System.gc();
+            }
+
+            // Both objects are in old, exit the test loop
+            if (WB.isObjectInOldGen(humongous) && WB.isObjectInOldGen(regular)) {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Flush gc notification events
+        long targetCycles = cycles.getCollectionCount();
+        long deadlineNanos = System.nanoTime() + TimeUnit.SECONDS.toNanos(30);
+        while (maxCycleId.get() < targetCycles) {
+            if (System.nanoTime() > deadlineNanos) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Timed out flushing GC notifications: delivered "
+                                           + maxCycleId.get() + " of "
+                                           + targetCycles + " cycle notifications");
+            }
+            Thread.sleep(10);
+        }
+
+        unsubscribeToCollectorNotifications(listener);
+
+        if (illegalPauses.get() != 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(illegalPauses.get() + " non-abbreviated cycles happened");
+        }
+
+        if (!WB.isObjectInOldGen(humongous)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Humongous region was not promoted in place.");
+        }
+
+        if (!WB.isObjectInOldGen(regular)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Regular region was not promoted in place");
+        }
+    }
+}

From 6f2087e93405040d3c036be4391702c759cb9734 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Anton Voznia <avoznia@azul.com>
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 05:08:51 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 649/707] 8389610: ARM32: native method wrapper unlocks a stale
 oop after GC relocates the object

Reviewed-by: bulasevich, fbredberg
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/arm/sharedRuntime_arm.cpp | 3 +++
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/sharedRuntime_arm.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/sharedRuntime_arm.cpp
index d0fba14d8aa..d471cf6ce33 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/sharedRuntime_arm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/sharedRuntime_arm.cpp
@@ -1292,6 +1292,9 @@ nmethod* SharedRuntime::generate_native_wrapper(MacroAssembler* masm,
 
   Label slow_unlock, unlock_done;
   if (method->is_synchronized()) {
+    // Get locked oop from the handle we passed to jni
+    __ ldr(sync_obj, Address(sync_handle));
+
     log_trace(fastlock)("SharedRuntime unlock fast");
     __ fast_unlock(sync_obj, R2 /* t1 */, tmp /* t2 */, Rtemp /* t3 */,
                    7 /* savemask */, slow_unlock);

From 0e10d3c382d66b31128a735daa92bfc670178a41 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Quan Anh Mai <qamai@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 05:32:41 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 650/707] 8390499: Clean up suspicious bailout in
 ciMethod::find_monomorphic_target

Reviewed-by: dlong, vlivanov
---
 src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.cpp             | 12 +--
 .../packagePrivate/NonOverridenParent.java    | 33 +++++++
 .../cha/packagePrivate/OverridenParent.java   | 33 +++++++
 .../cha/packagePrivate/OverridingChild.java   | 39 ++++++++
 .../TestDevirtualizePackageMethod.java        | 97 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../differentPackage/NonOverridingChild.java  | 40 ++++++++
 6 files changed, 243 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cha/packagePrivate/NonOverridenParent.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cha/packagePrivate/OverridenParent.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cha/packagePrivate/OverridingChild.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cha/packagePrivate/TestDevirtualizePackageMethod.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cha/packagePrivate/differentPackage/NonOverridingChild.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.cpp
index be5c6182d9f..db4bf40271a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/ci/ciMethod.cpp
@@ -820,17 +820,7 @@ ciMethod* ciMethod::find_monomorphic_target(ciInstanceKlass* caller,
   if (target() == root_m->get_Method()) {
     return root_m;
   }
-  if (!root_m->is_public() &&
-      !root_m->is_protected()) {
-    // If we are going to reason about inheritance, it's easiest
-    // if the method in question is public, protected, or private.
-    // If the answer is not root_m, it is conservatively correct
-    // to return null, even if the CHA encountered irrelevant
-    // methods in other packages.
-    // %%% TO DO: Work out logic for package-private methods
-    // with the same name but different vtable indexes.
-    return nullptr;
-  }
+
   return CURRENT_THREAD_ENV->get_method(target());
 }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cha/packagePrivate/NonOverridenParent.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cha/packagePrivate/NonOverridenParent.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..560fff00b6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cha/packagePrivate/NonOverridenParent.java
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package compiler.cha.packagePrivate;
+
+/**
+ * An abstract class such that all of its concrete subclasses have a single implementation of
+ * {@link #call}. The subclasses lie in a different package so they cannot override {@link #call}.
+ */
+public abstract class NonOverridenParent {
+    int call() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cha/packagePrivate/OverridenParent.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cha/packagePrivate/OverridenParent.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0c156a485cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cha/packagePrivate/OverridenParent.java
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package compiler.cha.packagePrivate;
+
+/**
+ * An abstract class such that all of its concrete subclasses have a single implementation of
+ * {@link #call} that is defined in a subclass of this class.
+ */
+public abstract class OverridenParent {
+    int call() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cha/packagePrivate/OverridingChild.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cha/packagePrivate/OverridingChild.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9877286662f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cha/packagePrivate/OverridingChild.java
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package compiler.cha.packagePrivate;
+
+/**
+ * This class provides the unique implementation for {@link OverridenParent#call}, it is abstract
+ * so that {@code ciInstanceKlass::unique_concrete_subklass} does not find it.
+ */
+public abstract class OverridingChild extends OverridenParent {
+    // 3 concrete implementations to defeat the bimorphic inlining heuristic
+    public static class GrandChild1 extends OverridingChild {}
+    public static class GrandChild2 extends OverridingChild {}
+    public static class GrandChild3 extends OverridingChild {}
+
+    @Override
+    int call() {
+        return 1;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cha/packagePrivate/TestDevirtualizePackageMethod.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cha/packagePrivate/TestDevirtualizePackageMethod.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..22f987baaa3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cha/packagePrivate/TestDevirtualizePackageMethod.java
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package compiler.cha.packagePrivate;
+
+import compiler.cha.packagePrivate.differentPackage.NonOverridingChild;
+import compiler.lib.ir_framework.*;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8390499
+ * @summary Verify that C2 correctly devirtualizes package-private methods.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+public class TestDevirtualizePackageMethod {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        var framework = new TestFramework();
+        framework.setDefaultWarmup(1);
+        framework.addFlags("-XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::call");
+        framework.start();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"testOverriding1", "testOverriding2"})
+    public void runOverriding() {
+        var v1 = new OverridingChild.GrandChild1();
+        var v2 = new OverridingChild.GrandChild2();
+        var v3 = new OverridingChild.GrandChild3();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(1, testOverriding1(v1));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(1, testOverriding1(v2));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(1, testOverriding1(v3));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(1, testOverriding2(v1));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(1, testOverriding2(v2));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(1, testOverriding2(v3));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.DYNAMIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "OverridenParent::call", IRNode.DYNAMIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "OverridingChild::call"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "OverridingChild::call", "1"})
+    private static int testOverriding1(OverridenParent v) {
+        return v.call();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.DYNAMIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "OverridenParent::call", IRNode.DYNAMIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "OverridingChild::call"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "OverridingChild::call", "1"})
+    private static int testOverriding2(OverridingChild v) {
+        return v.call();
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"testNonOverriding1", "testNonOverriding2"})
+    public void runNonOverriding() {
+        var v1 = new NonOverridingChild.GrandChild1();
+        var v2 = new NonOverridingChild.GrandChild2();
+        var v3 = new NonOverridingChild.GrandChild3();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(0, testNonOverriding1(v1));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(0, testNonOverriding1(v2));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(0, testNonOverriding1(v3));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(1, testNonOverriding2(v1));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(1, testNonOverriding2(v2));
+        Asserts.assertEQ(1, testNonOverriding2(v3));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.DYNAMIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "NonOverridenParent::call", IRNode.DYNAMIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "NonOverridingChild::call"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "NonOverridenParent::call", "1"})
+    private static int testNonOverriding1(NonOverridenParent v) {
+        return v.call();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = {IRNode.DYNAMIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "NonOverridenParent::call", IRNode.DYNAMIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "NonOverridingChild::call"})
+    @IR(counts = {IRNode.STATIC_CALL_OF_METHOD, "NonOverridingChild::call", "1"})
+    private static int testNonOverriding2(NonOverridingChild v) {
+        return v.call();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cha/packagePrivate/differentPackage/NonOverridingChild.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cha/packagePrivate/differentPackage/NonOverridingChild.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..337b308f873
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/cha/packagePrivate/differentPackage/NonOverridingChild.java
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package compiler.cha.packagePrivate.differentPackage;
+
+import compiler.cha.packagePrivate.NonOverridenParent;
+
+/**
+ * Although this class also has {@link #call}, it does not override
+ * {@link NonOverridenParent#call}.
+ */
+public abstract class NonOverridingChild extends NonOverridenParent {
+    // 3 subclasses to defeat the bimorphic inlining heuristic
+    public static class GrandChild1 extends NonOverridingChild {}
+    public static class GrandChild2 extends NonOverridingChild {}
+    public static class GrandChild3 extends NonOverridingChild {}
+
+    public int call() {
+        return 1;
+    }
+}

From bb40c338cd6f0942f6b233bf9655613ff261934e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jatin Bhateja <jbhateja@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 08:20:31 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 651/707] 8387204: C2 VectorAPI: logic cones wrongly treats
 masked XorV

Reviewed-by: xgong, vlivanov, mhaessig
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp            |  12 +-
 .../vectorapi/TestMaskedMacroLogicVector.java | 361 +++++++++++++++++-
 2 files changed, 368 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
index e12eec30089..14036abc980 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
@@ -3425,8 +3425,12 @@ bool Compile::has_vbox_nodes() {
 //---------------------------- Bitwise operation packing optimization ---------------------------
 
 static bool is_vector_unary_bitwise_op(Node* n) {
-  return n->Opcode() == Op_XorV &&
-         VectorNode::is_vector_bitwise_not_pattern(n);
+  // A masked XorV not-pattern is NOT unary: on inactive lanes the masked
+  // operation keeps its first operand, so both inputs must be preserved (and
+  // their order matters, since in(1) becomes the masked MacroLogicV
+  // passthrough). Only an unmasked not-pattern is genuinely unary.
+return VectorNode::is_vector_bitwise_not_pattern(n) &&
+       !n->is_predicated_vector();
 }
 
 static bool is_vector_binary_bitwise_op(Node* n) {
@@ -3469,7 +3473,7 @@ static uint collect_unique_inputs(Node* n, Unique_Node_List& inputs) {
   uint cnt = 0;
   if (is_vector_bitwise_op(n)) {
     uint inp_cnt = n->is_predicated_vector() ? n->req()-1 : n->req();
-    if (VectorNode::is_vector_bitwise_not_pattern(n)) {
+    if (is_vector_unary_bitwise_op(n)) {
       assert(n->req() == (n->is_predicated_vector() ? 4 : 3), "must have 2 data inputs");
       Node* opnd = VectorNode::is_all_ones_vector(n->in(1)) ? n->in(2) : n->in(1);
       if (!inputs.member(opnd)) {
@@ -3630,7 +3634,7 @@ uint Compile::compute_truth_table(Unique_Node_List& partition, Unique_Node_List&
         res = func1 & func2;
         break;
       case Op_XorV:
-        if (VectorNode::is_vector_bitwise_not_pattern(n)) {
+        if (is_vector_unary_bitwise_op(n)) {
           assert(func2 == 0 && func3 == 0, "not unary");
           res = (~func1) & 0xFF;
         } else {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestMaskedMacroLogicVector.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestMaskedMacroLogicVector.java
index 22c35d80c70..74d650d07a1 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestMaskedMacroLogicVector.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestMaskedMacroLogicVector.java
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /**
  * @test
- * @bug 8273322 8387145
+ * @bug 8273322 8387145 8387204
  * @key randomness
  * @summary Enhance macro logic optimization for masked logic operations.
  * @modules jdk.incubator.vector
@@ -646,6 +646,137 @@ public void verifyInt11(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, int[] c, boolean [] mask, boo
         }
     }
 
+    static int intFunc12(int a, int b, boolean mask) {
+        int left = mask ? (-1 ^ a) : -1;
+        return mask ? (left | b) : left;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void testInt12Kernel(VectorSpecies SPECIES, int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SPECIES.loopBound(r.length); i += SPECIES.length()) {
+            VectorMask<Integer> vmask = VectorMask.fromArray(SPECIES, mask , i);
+            IntVector vall = IntVector.broadcast(SPECIES, -1);
+            IntVector va = IntVector.fromArray(SPECIES, a, i);
+            IntVector vb = IntVector.fromArray(SPECIES, b, i);
+            vall.lanewise(VectorOperators.XOR, va, vmask)
+                .lanewise(VectorOperators.OR, vb, vmask)
+                .intoArray(r, i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testInt12_Int128(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        testInt12Kernel(IntVector.SPECIES_128, r, a, b, mask);
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testInt12_Int256(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        testInt12Kernel(IntVector.SPECIES_256, r, a, b, mask);
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testInt12_Int512(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        testInt12Kernel(IntVector.SPECIES_512, r, a, b, mask);
+    }
+
+    public void verifyInt12(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < r.length; i++) {
+            int expected = intFunc12(a[i], b[i], mask[i]);
+            if (r[i] != expected) {
+                throw new AssertionError(String.format("testInt12: at #%d: r=%d, expected = %d = intFunc12(%d,%d,%b)",
+                                                       i, r[i], expected, a[i], b[i], mask[i]));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int intFunc13(int a, int b, boolean mask) {
+        int left = mask ? (-1 ^ a) : -1;
+        return mask ? (left & b) : left;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void testInt13Kernel(VectorSpecies SPECIES, int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SPECIES.loopBound(r.length); i += SPECIES.length()) {
+            VectorMask<Integer> vmask = VectorMask.fromArray(SPECIES, mask , i);
+            IntVector vall = IntVector.broadcast(SPECIES, -1);
+            IntVector va = IntVector.fromArray(SPECIES, a, i);
+            IntVector vb = IntVector.fromArray(SPECIES, b, i);
+            vall.lanewise(VectorOperators.XOR, va, vmask)
+                .lanewise(VectorOperators.AND, vb, vmask)
+                .intoArray(r, i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testInt13_Int128(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        testInt13Kernel(IntVector.SPECIES_128, r, a, b, mask);
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testInt13_Int256(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        testInt13Kernel(IntVector.SPECIES_256, r, a, b, mask);
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testInt13_Int512(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        testInt13Kernel(IntVector.SPECIES_512, r, a, b, mask);
+    }
+
+    public void verifyInt13(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < r.length; i++) {
+            int expected = intFunc13(a[i], b[i], mask[i]);
+            if (r[i] != expected) {
+                throw new AssertionError(String.format("testInt13: at #%d: r=%d, expected = %d = intFunc13(%d,%d,%b)",
+                                                       i, r[i], expected, a[i], b[i], mask[i]));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static int intFunc14(int a, int b, boolean mask) {
+        int left = mask ? (-1 ^ a) : -1;
+        return mask ? (left ^ b) : left;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void testInt14Kernel(VectorSpecies SPECIES, int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SPECIES.loopBound(r.length); i += SPECIES.length()) {
+            VectorMask<Integer> vmask = VectorMask.fromArray(SPECIES, mask , i);
+            IntVector vall = IntVector.broadcast(SPECIES, -1);
+            IntVector va = IntVector.fromArray(SPECIES, a, i);
+            IntVector vb = IntVector.fromArray(SPECIES, b, i);
+            vall.lanewise(VectorOperators.XOR, va, vmask)
+                .lanewise(VectorOperators.XOR, vb, vmask)
+                .intoArray(r, i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testInt14_Int128(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        testInt14Kernel(IntVector.SPECIES_128, r, a, b, mask);
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testInt14_Int256(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        testInt14Kernel(IntVector.SPECIES_256, r, a, b, mask);
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testInt14_Int512(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        testInt14Kernel(IntVector.SPECIES_512, r, a, b, mask);
+    }
+
+    public void verifyInt14(int[] r, int[] a, int[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < r.length; i++) {
+            int expected = intFunc14(a[i], b[i], mask[i]);
+            if (r[i] != expected) {
+                throw new AssertionError(String.format("testInt14: at #%d: r=%d, expected = %d = intFunc14(%d,%d,%b)",
+                                                       i, r[i], expected, a[i], b[i], mask[i]));
+            }
+        }
+    }
 
     // ===================================================== //
 
@@ -695,6 +826,123 @@ public void verifyLong(long[] r, long[] a, long[] b, long[] c) {
         }
     }
 
+    static long longFunc15(long a, long b, boolean mask) {
+        long left = mask ? (-1L ^ a) : -1L;
+        return mask ? (left | b) : left;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void testLong15Kernel(VectorSpecies SPECIES, long[] r, long[] a, long[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SPECIES.loopBound(r.length); i += SPECIES.length()) {
+            VectorMask<Long> vmask = VectorMask.fromArray(SPECIES, mask , i);
+            LongVector vall = LongVector.broadcast(SPECIES, -1L);
+            LongVector va = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, a, i);
+            LongVector vb = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, b, i);
+            vall.lanewise(VectorOperators.XOR, va, vmask)
+                .lanewise(VectorOperators.OR, vb, vmask)
+                .intoArray(r, i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testLong15_Long256(long[] r, long[] a, long[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        testLong15Kernel(LongVector.SPECIES_256, r, a, b, mask);
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testLong15_Long512(long[] r, long[] a, long[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        testLong15Kernel(LongVector.SPECIES_512, r, a, b, mask);
+    }
+
+    public void verifyLong15(long[] r, long[] a, long[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < r.length; i++) {
+            long expected = longFunc15(a[i], b[i], mask[i]);
+            if (r[i] != expected) {
+                throw new AssertionError(String.format("testLong15: at #%d: r=%d, expected = %d = longFunc15(%d,%d,%b)",
+                                                       i, r[i], expected, a[i], b[i], mask[i]));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static long longFunc16(long a, long b, boolean mask) {
+        long left = mask ? (-1L ^ a) : -1L;
+        return mask ? (left & b) : left;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void testLong16Kernel(VectorSpecies SPECIES, long[] r, long[] a, long[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SPECIES.loopBound(r.length); i += SPECIES.length()) {
+            VectorMask<Long> vmask = VectorMask.fromArray(SPECIES, mask , i);
+            LongVector vall = LongVector.broadcast(SPECIES, -1L);
+            LongVector va = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, a, i);
+            LongVector vb = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, b, i);
+            vall.lanewise(VectorOperators.XOR, va, vmask)
+                .lanewise(VectorOperators.AND, vb, vmask)
+                .intoArray(r, i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testLong16_Long256(long[] r, long[] a, long[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        testLong16Kernel(LongVector.SPECIES_256, r, a, b, mask);
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testLong16_Long512(long[] r, long[] a, long[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        testLong16Kernel(LongVector.SPECIES_512, r, a, b, mask);
+    }
+
+    public void verifyLong16(long[] r, long[] a, long[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < r.length; i++) {
+            long expected = longFunc16(a[i], b[i], mask[i]);
+            if (r[i] != expected) {
+                throw new AssertionError(String.format("testLong16: at #%d: r=%d, expected = %d = longFunc16(%d,%d,%b)",
+                                                       i, r[i], expected, a[i], b[i], mask[i]));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static long longFunc17(long a, long b, boolean mask) {
+        long left = mask ? (-1L ^ a) : -1L;
+        return mask ? (left ^ b) : left;
+    }
+
+    @ForceInline
+    public void testLong17Kernel(VectorSpecies SPECIES, long[] r, long[] a, long[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SPECIES.loopBound(r.length); i += SPECIES.length()) {
+            VectorMask<Long> vmask = VectorMask.fromArray(SPECIES, mask , i);
+            LongVector vall = LongVector.broadcast(SPECIES, -1L);
+            LongVector va = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, a, i);
+            LongVector vb = LongVector.fromArray(SPECIES, b, i);
+            vall.lanewise(VectorOperators.XOR, va, vmask)
+                .lanewise(VectorOperators.XOR, vb, vmask)
+                .intoArray(r, i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testLong17_Long256(long[] r, long[] a, long[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        testLong17Kernel(LongVector.SPECIES_256, r, a, b, mask);
+    }
+    @Test
+    @IR(applyIf = {"UseAVX", "3"}, counts = {IRNode.MACRO_LOGIC_V, " > 0 "})
+    public void testLong17_Long512(long[] r, long[] a, long[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        testLong17Kernel(LongVector.SPECIES_512, r, a, b, mask);
+    }
+
+    public void verifyLong17(long[] r, long[] a, long[] b, boolean [] mask) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < r.length; i++) {
+            long expected = longFunc17(a[i], b[i], mask[i]);
+            if (r[i] != expected) {
+                throw new AssertionError(String.format("testLong17: at #%d: r=%d, expected = %d = longFunc17(%d,%d,%b)",
+                                                       i, r[i], expected, a[i], b[i], mask[i]));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     // ===================================================== //
 
     private static final Random R = Utils.getRandomInstance();
@@ -1006,6 +1254,72 @@ public void kernel_testInt11_Int512() {
         }
     }
 
+    @Run(test = {"testInt12_Int128"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testInt12_Int128() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testInt12_Int128(r, a, b, mask);
+            verifyInt12(r, a, b, mask);
+        }
+    }
+    @Run(test = {"testInt12_Int256"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testInt12_Int256() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testInt12_Int256(r, a, b, mask);
+            verifyInt12(r, a, b, mask);
+        }
+    }
+    @Run(test = {"testInt12_Int512"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testInt12_Int512() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testInt12_Int512(r, a, b, mask);
+            verifyInt12(r, a, b, mask);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"testInt13_Int128"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testInt13_Int128() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testInt13_Int128(r, a, b, mask);
+            verifyInt13(r, a, b, mask);
+        }
+    }
+    @Run(test = {"testInt13_Int256"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testInt13_Int256() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testInt13_Int256(r, a, b, mask);
+            verifyInt13(r, a, b, mask);
+        }
+    }
+    @Run(test = {"testInt13_Int512"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testInt13_Int512() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testInt13_Int512(r, a, b, mask);
+            verifyInt13(r, a, b, mask);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"testInt14_Int128"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testInt14_Int128() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testInt14_Int128(r, a, b, mask);
+            verifyInt14(r, a, b, mask);
+        }
+    }
+    @Run(test = {"testInt14_Int256"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testInt14_Int256() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testInt14_Int256(r, a, b, mask);
+            verifyInt14(r, a, b, mask);
+        }
+    }
+    @Run(test = {"testInt14_Int512"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testInt14_Int512() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testInt14_Int512(r, a, b, mask);
+            verifyInt14(r, a, b, mask);
+        }
+    }
+
     @Run(test = {"testLong_Long256"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
     public void kernel_testLong_Long256() {
         for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
@@ -1021,6 +1335,51 @@ public void kernel_testLong_Long512() {
         }
     }
 
+    @Run(test = {"testLong15_Long256"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testLong15_Long256() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testLong15_Long256(rl, al, bl, mask);
+            verifyLong15(rl, al, bl, mask);
+        }
+    }
+    @Run(test = {"testLong15_Long512"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testLong15_Long512() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testLong15_Long512(rl, al, bl, mask);
+            verifyLong15(rl, al, bl, mask);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"testLong16_Long256"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testLong16_Long256() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testLong16_Long256(rl, al, bl, mask);
+            verifyLong16(rl, al, bl, mask);
+        }
+    }
+    @Run(test = {"testLong16_Long512"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testLong16_Long512() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testLong16_Long512(rl, al, bl, mask);
+            verifyLong16(rl, al, bl, mask);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = {"testLong17_Long256"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testLong17_Long256() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testLong17_Long256(rl, al, bl, mask);
+            verifyLong17(rl, al, bl, mask);
+        }
+    }
+    @Run(test = {"testLong17_Long512"}, mode = RunMode.STANDALONE)
+    public void kernel_testLong17_Long512() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+            testLong17_Long512(rl, al, bl, mask);
+            verifyLong17(rl, al, bl, mask);
+        }
+    }
+
     public TestMaskedMacroLogicVector() {
         br = new boolean[SIZE];
         ba = fillBooleanRandom((()-> new boolean[SIZE]));

From 93fa770778e99e8eef02f818d64decb6ef56d103 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Richard Reingruber <rrich@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 08:30:24 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 652/707] 8390143: [lworld] PPC64
 TemplateTable::getfield_or_static() with `may_not_rewrite` does not detect
 flattened field

Reviewed-by: mdoerr, dbriemann
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateTable_ppc_64.cpp | 13 ++++---------
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateTable_ppc_64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateTable_ppc_64.cpp
index 8b9d3d7c434..dfb59f071d3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateTable_ppc_64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateTable_ppc_64.cpp
@@ -2647,10 +2647,12 @@ void TemplateTable::getfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
                  Rscratch      = R11_scratch1; // used by load_field_cp_cache_entry
                  // R12_scratch2 used by load_field_cp_cache_entry
 
-  static address field_branch_table[number_of_states],
+  static address field_rw_branch_table[number_of_states],
+                 field_norw_branch_table[number_of_states],
                  static_branch_table[number_of_states];
 
-  address* branch_table = (is_static || rc == may_not_rewrite) ? static_branch_table : field_branch_table;
+  address* branch_table = is_static ? static_branch_table :
+    (rc == may_rewrite ? field_rw_branch_table : field_norw_branch_table);
 
   // Get field offset.
   resolve_cache_and_index_for_field(byte_no, Rcache, Rscratch);
@@ -2698,14 +2700,7 @@ void TemplateTable::getfield_or_static(int byte_no, bool is_static, RewriteContr
 #ifdef ASSERT
   __ bind(LFlagInvalid);
   __ stop("got invalid flag");
-#endif
 
-  if (!is_static && rc == may_not_rewrite) {
-    // We reuse the code from is_static.  It's jumped to via the table above.
-    return;
-  }
-
-#ifdef ASSERT
   // __ bind(Lvtos);
   address pc_before_fence = __ pc();
   __ fence(); // Volatile entry point (one instruction before non-volatile_entry point).

From bc15e5359b526bbe4504bfbd77f41aae062bcc1e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Severin Gehwolf <sgehwolf@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 09:01:18 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 653/707] 8390314: Linux: "assert(current_limit <= upper_bound)
 failed: invariant" build failure on incus (cgroups)

Reviewed-by: shade, cnorrbin
---
 .../os/linux/cgroupV2Subsystem_linux.cpp      |  3 +-
 .../SystemdMemoryExceedHostMemTest.java       | 83 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 85 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/containers/systemd/SystemdMemoryExceedHostMemTest.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/os/linux/cgroupV2Subsystem_linux.cpp b/src/hotspot/os/linux/cgroupV2Subsystem_linux.cpp
index edd80bb7427..b69feab2cb4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os/linux/cgroupV2Subsystem_linux.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os/linux/cgroupV2Subsystem_linux.cpp
@@ -340,7 +340,8 @@ bool CgroupV2MemoryController::read_memory_limit_in_bytes(physical_memory_size_t
       }
     }
   }
-  result = limit;
+  // treat exceeding physical memory as unlimited
+  result = exceeds_physical_mem ? value_unlimited : limit;
   return true;
 }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/containers/systemd/SystemdMemoryExceedHostMemTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/containers/systemd/SystemdMemoryExceedHostMemTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..358c52eb117
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/containers/systemd/SystemdMemoryExceedHostMemTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.containers.systemd.SystemdRunOptions;
+import jdk.test.lib.containers.systemd.SystemdTestUtils;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox;
+import jtreg.SkippedException;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8390314
+ * @summary Verify no asserts are triggered in cgroup adjusting code
+ *          when memory limit exceeds physical host memory.
+ * @requires systemd.support
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.platform
+ * @build HelloSystemd jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar whitebox.jar jdk.test.whitebox.WhiteBox
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbootclasspath/a:whitebox.jar -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+WhiteBoxAPI SystemdMemoryExceedHostMemTest
+ */
+public class SystemdMemoryExceedHostMemTest {
+
+    private static final int MB = 1024 * 1024;
+    private static final WhiteBox wb = WhiteBox.getWhiteBox();
+    private static final String TEST_SLICE_NAME = SystemdMemoryExceedHostMemTest.class.getSimpleName() + "HS";
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+       testMemExceedsPhysical();
+    }
+
+    private static void testMemExceedsPhysical() throws Exception {
+        SystemdRunOptions opts = SystemdTestUtils.newOpts("HelloSystemd");
+        int expectedMemLimit = 1024;
+        // 1 GB memory, the lower hierarchy has a value exceeding physical memory
+        opts.memoryLimit(String.format("%dM", expectedMemLimit));
+        // Set the memory limit of a slice stricly larger than the host
+        // max memory
+        String exceedingHostMem = getHostMaxMemory() + "0"; // add a zero
+        opts.sliceDMemoryLimit(exceedingHostMem);
+        opts.cpuLimit("100%"); // 1 core
+        opts.sliceName(TEST_SLICE_NAME);
+
+        OutputAnalyzer out = SystemdTestUtils.buildAndRunSystemdJava(opts);
+        // On affected systems this asserts in fastdebug
+        out.shouldHaveExitValue(0)
+           .shouldContain("Hello Systemd");
+        try {
+            out.shouldContain(String.format("Memory Limit is: %d", (expectedMemLimit * MB)));
+        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+            // memory delegation needs to be enabled when run as user on cg v2
+            if (SystemdTestUtils.RUN_AS_USER) {
+                String hint = "When run as user on cg v2 memory delegation needs to be configured!";
+                throw new SkippedException(hint);
+            }
+            throw e;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String getHostMaxMemory() {
+        return Long.valueOf(wb.hostPhysicalMemory()).toString();
+    }
+}

From 544c2b6a5ad5c5671218f1c5dcf2754ac3816114 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 09:31:58 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 654/707] 8328078: C2 compilation bailout with "too many D-U
 pinch points"

Co-authored-by: Daniel Skantz <dskantz@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: chagedorn, rcastanedalo
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/output.cpp             |  1 +
 .../compiler/c2/TestDUPinchPointReuse.java    | 61 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../stringopts/TestStackedConcatsMany.java    | 14 ++---
 .../TestStackedConcatsManyUTF16Overflow.java  |  6 +-
 4 files changed, 70 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestDUPinchPointReuse.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/output.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/output.cpp
index 45a6f206d70..460c0c46677 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/output.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/output.cpp
@@ -2889,6 +2889,7 @@ void Scheduling::anti_do_def( Block *b, Node *def, OptoReg::Name def_reg, int is
         // Yes, found a use/kill pinch-point
         pinch->set_req(0,nullptr);  //
         pinch->replace_by(kill); // Move anti-dep edges up
+        _pinch_free_list.push(pinch);
         pinch = kill;
         _reg_node.map(def_reg,pinch);
         return;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestDUPinchPointReuse.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestDUPinchPointReuse.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..51445fa32d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/TestDUPinchPointReuse.java
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8328078
+ * @summary Test that block scheduling reuses detached D-U pinch-point nodes
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+AbortVMOnCompilationFailure -XX:+OptoScheduling
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.c2;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+
+public class TestDUPinchPointReuse {
+    private static String append(String s) {
+        return new StringBuilder().append(s).append(s).append(s).append(s).append(s).toString();
+    }
+
+    private static String test() {
+        String s = "x";
+        s = append(s);
+        s = append(s);
+        s = append(s);
+        s = append(s);
+        s = append(s);
+        s = append(s);
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        new StringBuilder();
+        Asserts.assertEQ(test().length(), 15625);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStackedConcatsMany.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStackedConcatsMany.java
index dbc6e495594..42a759d9f88 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStackedConcatsMany.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStackedConcatsMany.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,19 +23,17 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 8362394
+ * @bug 8328078 8362394
  * @summary Test that repeated stacked string concatenations do not
  *          consume too many compilation resources.
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
  * @library /test/lib /
- * @run main/othervm -XX:-OptoScheduling compiler.stringopts.TestStackedConcatsMany
- * @run main/othervm -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xcomp -XX:-OptoScheduling
- *                   -XX:CompileOnly=compiler.stringopts.TestStackedConcatsMany::f
- *                   compiler.stringopts.TestStackedConcatsMany
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xcomp
+ *                   -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::f
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
  */
 
-// The test uses -XX:-OptoScheduling to avoid the assert "too many D-U pinch points" on aarch64 (JDK-8328078).
-
 package compiler.stringopts;
 
 import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStackedConcatsManyUTF16Overflow.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStackedConcatsManyUTF16Overflow.java
index 1c9bdf153e8..fc19276beb4 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStackedConcatsManyUTF16Overflow.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/stringopts/TestStackedConcatsManyUTF16Overflow.java
@@ -27,15 +27,13 @@
  * @summary Test that UTF-16 string concat overflow does not produce a negative size backing array
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled & os.maxMemory > 4G
  * @library /test/lib /
- * @run main/othervm -Xmx4g -XX:-OptoScheduling ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xmx4g ${test.main.class}
  * @run main/othervm -Xmx4g -Xint ${test.main.class}
- * @run main/othervm -Xmx4g -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xcomp -XX:-OptoScheduling
+ * @run main/othervm -Xmx4g -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xcomp
  *                   -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::f
  *                   ${test.main.class}
  */
 
-// The test uses -XX:-OptoScheduling to avoid the assert "too many D-U pinch points" on aarch64 (JDK-8328078).
-
 package compiler.stringopts;
 
 import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;

From eb7d9a9b6149e539ca2d954552ce1ea2cb9e6923 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Severin Gehwolf <sgehwolf@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 11:44:38 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 655/707] 8390386: [Linux] Systemd tests failing on systemd
 newer than 257

Reviewed-by: shade, roland
---
 .../jdk/test/lib/containers/systemd/SystemdTestUtils.java    | 5 +++--
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/containers/systemd/SystemdTestUtils.java b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/containers/systemd/SystemdTestUtils.java
index 5a868b8cd2a..724c6a5a535 100644
--- a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/containers/systemd/SystemdTestUtils.java
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/containers/systemd/SystemdTestUtils.java
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ private static String getMemorySlice(SystemdRunOptions runOpts, String sliceName
 
     private static String getMemoryDSliceContent(SystemdRunOptions runOpts) {
         String format = "[Slice]\n" + basicMemoryContentFormat();
-        return String.format(format, runOpts.sliceDMemoryLimit);
+        return String.format(format, runOpts.sliceDMemoryLimit, runOpts.sliceDMemoryLimit);
     }
 
     private static String getCPUDSliceContent(SystemdRunOptions runOpts) {
@@ -268,13 +268,14 @@ private static String basicMemoryContentFormat() {
         return """
                 MemoryAccounting=true
                 MemoryLimit=%s
+                MemoryMax=%s
                 """;
     }
 
     private static String getMemorySliceContent(SystemdRunOptions runOpts) {
         String format = basicMemoryContentFormat();
 
-        return String.format(format, runOpts.memoryLimit);
+        return String.format(format, runOpts.memoryLimit, runOpts.memoryLimit);
     }
 
     private static String getBasicSliceFormat() {

From 6212c8075b4791e11c9c27c202e932fa7e0a88ec Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Du=C5=A1an=20B=C3=A1lek?= <dbalek@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 13:13:57 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 656/707] 8390505: jlink is not thread safe when used via
 ToolProvider API

Reviewed-by: alanb
---
 .../jdk/tools/jlink/internal/JlinkTask.java   | 36 +++++++++++--------
 .../tools/jlink/JLinkToolProviderTest.java    | 33 ++++++++++++++++-
 2 files changed, 53 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jlink/internal/JlinkTask.java b/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jlink/internal/JlinkTask.java
index 45800be5272..356ba3de623 100644
--- a/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jlink/internal/JlinkTask.java
+++ b/src/jdk.jlink/share/classes/jdk/tools/jlink/internal/JlinkTask.java
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ public class JlinkTask {
     // jlink API ignores by default. Remove when signing is implemented.
     static final boolean IGNORE_SIGNING_DEFAULT = true;
 
-    private static final TaskHelper taskHelper
+    private final TaskHelper taskHelper
             = new TaskHelper(JLINK_BUNDLE);
     private static final Option<?>[] recognizedOptions = {
         new Option<JlinkTask>(false, (task, opt, arg) -> {
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ public class JlinkTask {
             task.options.limitMods.clear();
             for (String mn : arg.split(",")) {
                 if (mn.isEmpty()) {
-                    throw taskHelper.newBadArgs("err.mods.must.be.specified",
+                    throw task.taskHelper.newBadArgs("err.mods.must.be.specified",
                             "--limit-modules");
                 }
                 task.options.limitMods.add(mn);
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ public class JlinkTask {
         new Option<JlinkTask>(true, (task, opt, arg) -> {
             for (String mn : arg.split(",")) {
                 if (mn.isEmpty()) {
-                    throw taskHelper.newBadArgs("err.mods.must.be.specified",
+                    throw task.taskHelper.newBadArgs("err.mods.must.be.specified",
                             "--add-modules");
                 }
                 task.options.addMods.add(mn);
@@ -139,18 +139,18 @@ public class JlinkTask {
             String[] values = arg.split("=");
             // check values
             if (values.length != 2 || values[0].isEmpty() || values[1].isEmpty()) {
-                throw taskHelper.newBadArgs("err.launcher.value.format", arg);
+                throw task.taskHelper.newBadArgs("err.launcher.value.format", arg);
             } else {
                 String commandName = values[0];
                 String moduleAndMain = values[1];
                 int idx = moduleAndMain.indexOf("/");
                 if (idx != -1) {
                     if (moduleAndMain.substring(0, idx).isEmpty()) {
-                        throw taskHelper.newBadArgs("err.launcher.module.name.empty", arg);
+                        throw task.taskHelper.newBadArgs("err.launcher.module.name.empty", arg);
                     }
 
                     if (moduleAndMain.substring(idx + 1).isEmpty()) {
-                        throw taskHelper.newBadArgs("err.launcher.main.class.empty", arg);
+                        throw task.taskHelper.newBadArgs("err.launcher.main.class.empty", arg);
                     }
                 }
                 task.options.launchers.put(commandName, moduleAndMain);
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ public class JlinkTask {
             } else if ("big".equals(arg)) {
                 task.options.endian = ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN;
             } else {
-                throw taskHelper.newBadArgs("err.unknown.byte.order", arg);
+                throw task.taskHelper.newBadArgs("err.unknown.byte.order", arg);
             }
         }, "--endian"),
         new Option<JlinkTask>(false, (task, opt, arg) -> {
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ public class JlinkTask {
         new Option<JlinkTask>(true, (task, opt, arg) -> {
             Path path = Paths.get(arg);
             if (Files.exists(path)) {
-                throw taskHelper.newBadArgs("err.dir.exists", path);
+                throw task.taskHelper.newBadArgs("err.dir.exists", path);
             }
             task.options.packagedModulesPath = path;
         }, true, "--keep-packaged-modules"),
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ public class JlinkTask {
     private static final String PROGNAME = "jlink";
     private final OptionsValues options = new OptionsValues();
 
-    private static final OptionsHelper<JlinkTask> optionsHelper
+    private final OptionsHelper<JlinkTask> optionsHelper
             = taskHelper.newOptionsHelper(JlinkTask.class, recognizedOptions);
     private PrintWriter log;
 
@@ -375,6 +375,7 @@ public static void createImage(JlinkConfiguration config,
         // First create the image provider
         try (ImageHelper imageProvider =
                      createImageProvider(config,
+                             new TaskHelper(JLINK_BUNDLE),
                              null,
                              IGNORE_SIGNING_DEFAULT,
                              false,
@@ -513,6 +514,7 @@ private void createImage(JlinkConfiguration config) throws Exception {
 
         // First create the image provider
         try (ImageHelper imageProvider = createImageProvider(config,
+                taskHelper,
                 options.packagedModulesPath,
                 options.ignoreSigning,
                 options.bindServices,
@@ -606,7 +608,7 @@ private static String getCurrentRuntimeVersion() {
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException  If  the `java.base` module reference `target`
      * is not compatible with this jlink.
      */
-    private static void checkJavaBaseVersion(ModuleReference target) {
+    private void checkJavaBaseVersion(ModuleReference target) {
         String currentRelease = getCurrentRuntimeVersion();
 
         String targetRelease = getReleaseInfo(target).orElseThrow(() -> new IllegalArgumentException(
@@ -653,6 +655,7 @@ private static Path toPathLocation(ResolvedModule m) {
 
 
     private static ImageHelper createImageProvider(JlinkConfiguration config,
+                                                   TaskHelper taskHelper,
                                                    Path retainModulesPath,
                                                    boolean ignoreSigning,
                                                    boolean bindService,
@@ -733,7 +736,7 @@ private static ImageHelper createImageProvider(JlinkConfiguration config,
         Map<String, Path> mods = cf.modules().stream()
             .collect(Collectors.toMap(ResolvedModule::name, JlinkTask::toPathLocation));
         // determine the target platform of the image being created
-        Platform targetPlatform = targetPlatform(cf, mods, config.linkFromRuntimeImage());
+        Platform targetPlatform = targetPlatform(cf, taskHelper, mods, config.linkFromRuntimeImage());
         // if the user specified any --endian, then it must match the target platform's native
         // endianness
         if (endian != null && endian != targetPlatform.arch().byteOrder()) {
@@ -764,6 +767,7 @@ private static ImageHelper createImageProvider(JlinkConfiguration config,
                                      version,
                                      ignoreSigning,
                                      config,
+                                     taskHelper,
                                      log))
                 .collect(Collectors.toSet());
 
@@ -778,6 +782,7 @@ private static Archive newArchive(String module,
                                       Runtime.Version version,
                                       boolean ignoreSigning,
                                       JlinkConfiguration config,
+                                      TaskHelper taskHelper,
                                       PrintWriter log) {
         if (path.toString().endsWith(".jmod")) {
             return new JmodArchive(module, path);
@@ -812,7 +817,7 @@ private static Archive newArchive(String module,
             // directory. I.e. Files.isDirectory() would be true.
             Path modInfoPath = path.resolve("module-info.class");
             if (Files.isRegularFile(modInfoPath)) {
-                return new DirArchive(path, findModuleName(modInfoPath));
+                return new DirArchive(path, findModuleName(taskHelper, modInfoPath));
             } else {
                 throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                         taskHelper.getMessage("err.not.a.module.directory", path));
@@ -825,7 +830,7 @@ private static Archive newArchive(String module,
         }
     }
 
-    private static String findModuleName(Path modInfoPath) {
+    private static String findModuleName(TaskHelper taskHelper, Path modInfoPath) {
         try (BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(
                 Files.newInputStream(modInfoPath))) {
             return ModuleDescriptor.read(bis).name();
@@ -836,6 +841,7 @@ private static String findModuleName(Path modInfoPath) {
     }
 
     private static Platform targetPlatform(Configuration cf,
+                                           TaskHelper taskHelper,
                                            Map<String, Path> modsPaths,
                                            boolean runtimeImageLink) throws IOException {
         Path javaBasePath = modsPaths.get("java.base");
@@ -850,7 +856,7 @@ private static Platform targetPlatform(Configuration cf,
             // this is an attempt to build a cross-platform image. We now attempt to
             // find the target platform's arch and thus its endianness from the java.base
             // module's ModuleTarget attribute
-            String targetPlatformVal = readJavaBaseTargetPlatform(cf);
+            String targetPlatformVal = readJavaBaseTargetPlatform(cf, taskHelper);
             try {
                 return Platform.parsePlatform(targetPlatformVal);
             } catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
@@ -879,7 +885,7 @@ private static boolean isJavaBaseFromDefaultModulePath(Path javaBasePath) throws
 
     // returns the targetPlatform value from the ModuleTarget attribute of the java.base module.
     // throws IOException if the targetPlatform cannot be determined.
-    private static String readJavaBaseTargetPlatform(Configuration cf) throws IOException {
+    private static String readJavaBaseTargetPlatform(Configuration cf, TaskHelper taskHelper) throws IOException {
         Optional<ResolvedModule> javaBase = cf.findModule("java.base");
         assert javaBase.isPresent() : "java.base module is missing";
         ModuleReference ref = javaBase.get().reference();
diff --git a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/JLinkToolProviderTest.java b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/JLinkToolProviderTest.java
index cb1f2f90c43..94959dcc8d8 100644
--- a/test/jdk/tools/jlink/JLinkToolProviderTest.java
+++ b/test/jdk/tools/jlink/JLinkToolProviderTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -23,6 +23,12 @@
 
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
 import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.Phaser;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+import java.util.stream.IntStream;
 import java.util.spi.ToolProvider;
 
 /*
@@ -42,8 +48,33 @@ private static void checkJlinkOptions(String... options) {
         JLINK_TOOL.run(pw, pw, options);
     }
 
+    private static void checkConcurrentAccess(int count) throws Exception {
+        Phaser startBarrier = new Phaser(count);
+
+        try (var executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(count)) {
+            List<Future<String>> futures = IntStream.range(0, count).mapToObj(idx -> executor.submit(() -> {
+                startBarrier.arriveAndAwaitAdvance();
+
+                StringWriter out = new StringWriter();
+                StringWriter err = new StringWriter();
+                int code = JLINK_TOOL.run(new PrintWriter(out), new PrintWriter(err),
+                        "--add-modules", "java.base",
+                        "--output", Path.of(".").resolve("image-" + idx).toString());
+                return code + ":" + out.toString().trim() + ":" + err.toString().trim();
+            })).toList();
+
+            for (Future<String> future : futures) {
+                String result = future.get();
+                if (!"0::".equals(result)) {
+                    throw new AssertionError(result);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         checkJlinkOptions("--help");
         checkJlinkOptions("--list-plugins");
+        checkConcurrentAccess(Math.max(2, Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors() / 4));
     }
 }

From 8ffe6c9d0ff5102dd72ba14bebba36e20d4513a3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alexander Zvegintsev <azvegint@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 13:16:41 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 657/707] 8390288: The
 javax/swing/JTable/7124218/SelectEditTableCell.java fails on OL9.5

Reviewed-by: psadhukhan, jdv
---
 .../JTable/7124218/SelectEditTableCell.java   | 20 ++++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/javax/swing/JTable/7124218/SelectEditTableCell.java b/test/jdk/javax/swing/JTable/7124218/SelectEditTableCell.java
index 455c29c4696..e319dd4fbb4 100644
--- a/test/jdk/javax/swing/JTable/7124218/SelectEditTableCell.java
+++ b/test/jdk/javax/swing/JTable/7124218/SelectEditTableCell.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -26,11 +26,10 @@
  * @key headful
  * @bug 7124218
  * @summary verifies different behaviour of SPACE and ENTER in JTable
- * @library ../../regtesthelpers
- * @build Util
  * @run main SelectEditTableCell
  */
 import java.awt.Point;
+import java.awt.Rectangle;
 import java.awt.Robot;
 import java.awt.event.InputEvent;
 import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
@@ -99,13 +98,16 @@ public void run() {
     }
 
     private static void runTestCase() throws Exception {
-        Point centerPoint;
-        centerPoint = Util.getCenterPoint(table);
-        LookAndFeel lookAndFeel = UIManager.getLookAndFeel();
+        Rectangle cellRect = table.getCellRect(0, 0, true);
+        Point centerPoint = new Point(cellRect.x + cellRect.width / 2,cellRect.y + cellRect.height / 2);
+        SwingUtilities.convertPointToScreen(centerPoint, table);
+
         robot.mouseMove(centerPoint.x, centerPoint.y);
-        robot.mousePress(InputEvent.BUTTON1_MASK);
-        robot.mouseRelease(InputEvent.BUTTON1_MASK);
+        robot.mousePress(InputEvent.BUTTON1_DOWN_MASK);
+        robot.mouseRelease(InputEvent.BUTTON1_DOWN_MASK);
         robot.waitForIdle();
+        robot.delay(500);
+
         SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(new Runnable() {
             @Override
             public void run() {
@@ -120,7 +122,7 @@ public void run() {
         });
 
         int fetchKeyCode;
-        keyTap(fetchKeyCode = isMac(lookAndFeel)
+        keyTap(fetchKeyCode = isMac(UIManager.getLookAndFeel())
                 ? KeyEvent.VK_ENTER : KeyEvent.VK_SPACE);
         final int keyCode = fetchKeyCode;
         robot.waitForIdle();

From afc87f49795ed838d91d979fbef39c4530da10d5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alexander Zvegintsev <azvegint@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 13:19:06 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 658/707] 8390545:
 java/awt/Mixing/AWT_Mixing/JPopupMenuOverlapping.java fails on OL9

Reviewed-by: psadhukhan, jdv
---
 .../jdk/java/awt/Mixing/AWT_Mixing/JPopupMenuOverlapping.java | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/java/awt/Mixing/AWT_Mixing/JPopupMenuOverlapping.java b/test/jdk/java/awt/Mixing/AWT_Mixing/JPopupMenuOverlapping.java
index 003977e233a..93346d997c5 100644
--- a/test/jdk/java/awt/Mixing/AWT_Mixing/JPopupMenuOverlapping.java
+++ b/test/jdk/java/awt/Mixing/AWT_Mixing/JPopupMenuOverlapping.java
@@ -58,7 +58,6 @@ public class JPopupMenuOverlapping extends OverlappingTestBase {
     {testEmbeddedFrame = true;}
 
     private boolean lwClicked = false;
-    private Point loc;
     private JPopupMenu popup;
     private JFrame frame=null;
 
@@ -86,11 +85,12 @@ public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {
         }
         propagateAWTControls(frame);
         frame.setVisible(true);
-        loc = frame.getContentPane().getLocationOnScreen();
     }
 
     @Override
     protected boolean performTest() {
+        Point loc = frame.getContentPane().getLocationOnScreen();
+
         // run robot
         Robot robot = Util.createRobot();
         robot.setAutoDelay(ROBOT_DELAY);

From 7cb780a3d71f004830e377badfdab8861b6183be Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Mark Powers <mpowers@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 14:02:02 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 659/707] 8381223: Improve Java ML-DSA Performance

Reviewed-by: semery, weijun
---
 .../classes/sun/security/provider/ML_DSA.java | 33 +++++++++++++------
 1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/ML_DSA.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/ML_DSA.java
index e1b41817435..61fa63ff54e 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/ML_DSA.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/provider/ML_DSA.java
@@ -57,14 +57,15 @@ public class ML_DSA {
     private final int T0_COEFF_SIZE = 13;
 
     private static final int MONT_R_BITS = 32;
-    private static final long MONT_R = 4294967296L; // 1 << MONT_R_BITS
     private static final int MONT_Q = 8380417;
-    private static final int MONT_R_SQUARE_MOD_Q = 2365951;
     private static final int MONT_Q_INV_MOD_R = 58728449;
     private static final int MONT_R_MOD_Q = 4193792;
     // toMont((ML_DSA_N)^-1 (mod ML_DSA_Q))
     private static final int MONT_DIM_INVERSE = 16382;
 
+    // ceil(2^63 / ML_DSA_Q), used with Math.multiplyHigh for Barrett reduction
+    private static final long BARRETT_MULTIPLIER = 1100586287873L;
+
     // Zeta values for NTT with montgomery factor precomputed
     private static final int[] MONT_ZETAS_FOR_NTT = new int[]{
         25847, -2608894, -518909, 237124, -777960, -876248, 466468, 1826347,
@@ -743,7 +744,7 @@ public boolean verifyInternal(byte[] pkBytes, byte[] message, byte[] sigBytes)
         int[][] aHatZ = integerMatrixAlloc(mlDsa_k, ML_DSA_N);
         matrixVectorPointwiseMultiply(aHatZ, aHat, sig.response());
 
-        int[][] t1Hat = vectorConstMul(1 << ML_DSA_D, pk.t1());
+        int[][] t1Hat = vectorConstMul(pk.t1());
         mlDsaVectorNtt(t1Hat);
 
         int[][] ct1 = integerMatrixAlloc(mlDsa_k, ML_DSA_N);
@@ -1439,7 +1440,9 @@ public static void mlDsaNttMultiply(int[] product, int[] coeffs1, int[] coeffs2)
         implDilithiumNttMult(product, coeffs1, coeffs2);
     }
 
-
+    // Computes the pointwise product of two ordinary NTT-domain polynomials.
+    // The Java fallback uses Barrett reduction. Intrinsic implementations may use
+    // Montgomery multiplication internally, but produce the same result modulo q.
     @IntrinsicCandidate
     static int implDilithiumNttMult(int[] product, int[] coeffs1, int[] coeffs2) {
         implDilithiumNttMultJava(product, coeffs1, coeffs2);
@@ -1448,7 +1451,9 @@ static int implDilithiumNttMult(int[] product, int[] coeffs1, int[] coeffs2) {
 
     static void implDilithiumNttMultJava(int[] product, int[] coeffs1, int[] coeffs2) {
         for (int i = 0; i < ML_DSA_N; i++) {
-            product[i] = montMul(coeffs1[i], toMont(coeffs2[i]));
+            // Both input coefficients are in the ordinary NTT domain, therefore
+            // the product is in the same domain.
+            product[i] = barrettReduce((long) coeffs1[i] * coeffs2[i]);
         }
     }
 
@@ -1533,14 +1538,16 @@ private void nttConstMultiply(int[][] res, int[] a, int[][] b) {
         }
     }
 
-    private int[][] vectorConstMul(int c, int[][] vec) {
+    // Multiplies t1 by 2^D. Since t1 < 2^10, the product is at most
+    // q - 1 and needs no reduction.
+    private int[][] vectorConstMul(int[][] vec) {
         int[][] res = integerMatrixAlloc(vec.length, vec[0].length);
         for (int i = 0; i < vec.length; i++) {
             for (int j = 0; j < vec[0].length; j++) {
-                res[i][j] = montMul(c, toMont(vec[i][j]));
+                res[i][j] = (1 << ML_DSA_D) * vec[i][j];
             }
         }
-        return res; // -q < res[i][j] < q
+        return res; // 0 <= res[i][j] < q
     }
 
     // Adds two vectors of polynomials
@@ -1617,8 +1624,14 @@ private static int montMul(int b, int c) {
         return (aHigh - (int) (((long)m * MONT_Q) >> MONT_R_BITS));
     }
 
-    static int toMont(int a) {
-        return montMul(a, MONT_R_SQUARE_MOD_Q);
+    // Reduces a product of two NTT coefficients modulo ML_DSA_Q to its
+    // canonical representative. The product is bounded by ML_DSA_Q squared.
+    private static int barrettReduce(long product) {
+        long quotient = Math.multiplyHigh(product, BARRETT_MULTIPLIER) << 1;
+        long r = product - quotient * ML_DSA_Q;
+        r -= ML_DSA_Q & ~((r - ML_DSA_Q) >> 63);
+        r += (r >> 63) & ML_DSA_Q;
+        return (int) r;
     }
 
     // For multidimensional array initialization, manually allocating each entry is

From c5c690a4093b58fea2b1cfb840be5447c21611df Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Markus=20Gr=C3=B6nlund?= <mgronlun@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 14:06:54 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 660/707] 8389756: JFR: premises for exclusive access to
 previous epoch are insufficient

Reviewed-by: egahlin, coleenp
---
 src/hotspot/share/jfr/jfrEvents.hpp           |  2 +-
 .../checkpoint/jfrCheckpointManager.cpp       | 33 ++++++++-----
 .../jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/jfrType.cpp | 16 +++---
 .../checkpoint/types/jfrTypeManager.cpp       | 28 ++++++-----
 .../recorder/checkpoint/types/jfrTypeSet.cpp  | 49 +++++++++++++++----
 .../checkpoint/types/jfrTypeSetUtils.hpp      | 22 ++++++---
 .../types/traceid/jfrTraceIdEpoch.cpp         |  1 +
 .../traceid/jfrTraceIdLoadBarrier.inline.hpp  |  5 +-
 .../recorder/service/jfrRecorderService.cpp   | 14 ++++--
 .../jfr/recorder/storage/jfrEpochStorage.hpp  | 10 +++-
 .../storage/jfrMemorySpace.inline.hpp         |  8 ++-
 .../storage/jfrStorageUtils.inline.hpp        |  6 +--
 .../share/jfr/support/jfrKlassUnloading.cpp   |  4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp      | 17 +++++--
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutexLocker.cpp     |  2 +
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutexLocker.hpp     |  1 +
 16 files changed, 150 insertions(+), 68 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/jfrEvents.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/jfrEvents.hpp
index ba0d9f5b61e..d4437f7d64a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/jfrEvents.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/jfrEvents.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/jfrCheckpointManager.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/jfrCheckpointManager.cpp
index c6c1b4cad60..c1eded10f92 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/jfrCheckpointManager.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/jfrCheckpointManager.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@
 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp"
 #include "runtime/mutex.hpp"
 #include "runtime/safepoint.hpp"
+#include "runtime/thread.inline.hpp"
 
 typedef JfrCheckpointManager::BufferPtr BufferPtr;
 typedef JfrCheckpointManager::ConstBufferPtr ConstBufferPtr;
@@ -257,6 +258,7 @@ BufferPtr JfrCheckpointManager::acquire_virtual_thread_local(Thread* thread, siz
 BufferPtr JfrCheckpointManager::renew(ConstBufferPtr old, Thread* thread, size_t size, JfrCheckpointBufferKind kind /* JFR_THREADLOCAL */) {
   assert(old != nullptr, "invariant");
   assert(old->acquired_by_self(), "invariant");
+  assert(!old->retired(), "invariant");
   if (kind == JFR_GLOBAL) {
     return lease_global(thread, instance()._global_mspace->in_previous_epoch_list(old), size);
   }
@@ -493,9 +495,10 @@ class VirtualThreadLocalCheckpointWriteOp {
 };
 
 typedef CheckpointWriteOp<JfrCheckpointManager::Buffer> WriteOperation;
+typedef ExclusiveOp<WriteOperation> ExclusiveWriteOperation;
 typedef MutexedWriteOp<WriteOperation> MutexedWriteOperation;
 typedef ReleaseWithExcisionOp<JfrCheckpointMspace, JfrCheckpointMspace::LiveList> ReleaseOperation;
-typedef CompositeOperation<MutexedWriteOperation, ReleaseOperation> WriteReleaseOperation;
+typedef CompositeOperation<ExclusiveWriteOperation, ReleaseOperation> WriteReleaseOperation;
 typedef VirtualThreadLocalCheckpointWriteOp<JfrCheckpointManager::Buffer> VirtualThreadLocalCheckpointOperation;
 typedef MutexedWriteOp<VirtualThreadLocalCheckpointOperation> VirtualThreadLocalWriteOperation;
 
@@ -510,11 +513,12 @@ void JfrCheckpointManager::shift_epoch() {
 size_t JfrCheckpointManager::write() {
   DEBUG_ONLY(JfrJavaSupport::check_java_thread_in_native(JavaThread::current()));
   WriteOperation wo(chunkwriter());
-  MutexedWriteOperation mwo(wo);
-  _thread_local_mspace->iterate(mwo, true); // previous epoch list
+  // Must take exclusive ownership before writing, because non-Java threads can still have active usage.
+  ExclusiveWriteOperation ewo(wo);
+  _thread_local_mspace->iterate(ewo, true); // previous epoch list
   assert(_global_mspace->free_list_is_empty(), "invariant");
   ReleaseOperation ro(_global_mspace, _global_mspace->live_list(true)); // previous epoch list
-  WriteReleaseOperation wro(&mwo, &ro);
+  WriteReleaseOperation wro(&ewo, &ro);
   process_live_list(wro, _global_mspace, true); // previous epoch list
   // Do virtual thread local list last. Careful, the vtlco destructor writes to chunk.
   VirtualThreadLocalCheckpointOperation vtlco(chunkwriter());
@@ -524,19 +528,22 @@ size_t JfrCheckpointManager::write() {
 }
 
 typedef DiscardOp<DefaultDiscarder<JfrCheckpointManager::Buffer> > DiscardOperation;
-typedef CompositeOperation<DiscardOperation, ReleaseOperation> DiscardReleaseOperation;
+typedef ExclusiveDiscardOp<DefaultDiscarder<JfrCheckpointManager::Buffer> > ExclusiveDiscardOperation;
+typedef CompositeOperation<ExclusiveDiscardOperation, ReleaseOperation> DiscardReleaseOperation;
 
 size_t JfrCheckpointManager::clear() {
   JfrTraceIdLoadBarrier::clear();
   clear_type_set();
-  DiscardOperation dop(mutexed); // mutexed discard mode
-  _thread_local_mspace->iterate(dop, true); // previous epoch list
+  // Must take exclusive ownership before discarding, because non-Java threads can still have active usage.
+  ExclusiveDiscardOperation edo(mutexed);
+  _thread_local_mspace->iterate(edo, true); // previous epoch list
+  DiscardOperation dop(mutexed); // already has exclusive ownership discard mode
   _virtual_thread_local_mspace->iterate(dop, true); // previous epoch list
   ReleaseOperation ro(_global_mspace, _global_mspace->live_list(true)); // previous epoch list
-  DiscardReleaseOperation dro(&dop, &ro);
+  DiscardReleaseOperation dro(&edo, &ro);
   assert(_global_mspace->free_list_is_empty(), "invariant");
   process_live_list(dro, _global_mspace, true); // previous epoch list
-  return dop.elements();
+  return edo.elements() + dop.elements();
 }
 
 size_t JfrCheckpointManager::write_static_type_set(Thread* thread) {
@@ -623,7 +630,11 @@ void JfrCheckpointManager::write_type_set() {
 
 void JfrCheckpointManager::on_unloading_classes() {
   assert_locked_or_safepoint(ClassLoaderDataGraph_lock);
-  JfrCheckpointWriter writer(Thread::current());
+  Thread* const current = Thread::current();
+  // Take the epoch shift lock to ensure no epoch shift
+  // occurs during artifact serialization (for concurrent GCs).
+  ConditionalMutexLocker lock(current, JfrEpochShift_lock, UseShenandoahGC || UseZGC, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
+  JfrCheckpointWriter writer(current);
   JfrTypeSet::on_unloading_classes(&writer);
   JfrAddRefCountedBlob add_blob(writer, false /* move */, false /* reset */);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/jfrType.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/jfrType.cpp
index 17d945af65e..ded5a42ea82 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/jfrType.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/jfrType.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -111,18 +111,22 @@ void JfrCheckpointThreadClosure::do_thread(Thread* t) {
   _writer.write<bool>(false); // isVirtual
 }
 
+static inline void invoke(JfrCheckpointThreadClosure& tc, Thread* t) {
+  assert(t != nullptr, "invariant");
+  if (t->jfr_thread_local()->should_write()) {
+    tc.do_thread(t);
+  }
+}
+
 void JfrThreadConstantSet::serialize(JfrCheckpointWriter& writer) {
   JfrCheckpointThreadClosure tc(writer);
   JfrJavaThreadIterator javathreads;
   while (javathreads.has_next()) {
-    JavaThread* const jt = javathreads.next();
-    if (jt->jfr_thread_local()->should_write()) {
-      tc.do_thread(jt);
-    }
+    invoke(tc, javathreads.next());
   }
   JfrNonJavaThreadIterator nonjavathreads;
   while (nonjavathreads.has_next()) {
-    tc.do_thread(nonjavathreads.next());
+    invoke(tc, nonjavathreads.next());
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/jfrTypeManager.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/jfrTypeManager.cpp
index 58d12f70980..ddbfebb1598 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/jfrTypeManager.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/jfrTypeManager.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "nmt/memTracker.hpp"
 #include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
+#include "runtime/safepoint.hpp"
 #include "runtime/semaphore.hpp"
 #include "runtime/thread.inline.hpp"
 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
@@ -59,6 +60,7 @@ class JfrSerializerRegistration : public JfrCHeapObj {
   }
 
   void on_rotation() const {
+    assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "invariant");
     _serializer->on_rotation();
   }
 
@@ -160,11 +162,16 @@ Semaphore SerializerRegistrationGuard::_mutex_semaphore(1);
 typedef JfrLinkedList<JfrSerializerRegistration> List;
 static List types;
 
+template <typename Processor>
+static inline void iterate(Processor& p) {
+  SerializerRegistrationGuard guard;
+  types.iterate(p);
+}
+
 void JfrTypeManager::destroy() {
   SerializerRegistrationGuard guard;
-  JfrSerializerRegistration* registration;
   while (types.is_nonempty()) {
-    registration = types.remove();
+    JfrSerializerRegistration* registration = types.remove();
     assert(registration != nullptr, "invariant");
     delete registration;
   }
@@ -180,8 +187,9 @@ class InvokeOnRotation {
 };
 
 void JfrTypeManager::on_rotation() {
+  assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "invariant");
   InvokeOnRotation ior;
-  types.iterate(ior);
+  iterate(ior);
 }
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
@@ -211,12 +219,13 @@ static bool register_static_type(JfrTypeId id, bool permit_cache, JfrSerializer*
     delete serializer;
     return false;
   }
-  assert(!types.in_list(registration), "invariant");
-  DEBUG_ONLY(assert_not_registered_twice(id, types);)
   if (JfrRecorder::is_recording()) {
-    JfrCheckpointWriter writer(Thread::current(), true, STATICS);
+    JfrCheckpointWriter writer(Thread::current(), true, STATICS, JFR_THREADLOCAL);
     registration->invoke(writer);
   }
+  SerializerRegistrationGuard guard;
+  assert(!types.in_list(registration), "invariant");
+  DEBUG_ONLY(assert_not_registered_twice(id, types);)
   types.add(registration);
   return true;
 }
@@ -232,7 +241,6 @@ static bool load_thread_constants(TRAPS) {
 }
 
 bool JfrTypeManager::initialize() {
-  SerializerRegistrationGuard guard;
   register_static_type(TYPE_FLAGVALUEORIGIN, true, new FlagValueOriginConstant());
   register_static_type(TYPE_INFLATECAUSE, true, new MonitorInflateCauseConstant());
   register_static_type(TYPE_GCCAUSE, true, new GCCauseConstant());
@@ -256,7 +264,6 @@ bool JfrTypeManager::initialize() {
 
 // implementation for the static registration function exposed in the JfrSerializer api
 bool JfrSerializer::register_serializer(JfrTypeId id, bool permit_cache, JfrSerializer* serializer) {
-  SerializerRegistrationGuard guard;
   return register_static_type(id, permit_cache, serializer);
 }
 
@@ -274,6 +281,5 @@ class InvokeSerializer {
 
 void JfrTypeManager::write_static_types(JfrCheckpointWriter& writer) {
   InvokeSerializer is(writer);
-  SerializerRegistrationGuard guard;
-  types.iterate(is);
+  iterate(is);
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/jfrTypeSet.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/jfrTypeSet.cpp
index 3dd9ea41d3d..3141c5ab1ab 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/jfrTypeSet.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/jfrTypeSet.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -47,6 +47,8 @@
 #include "oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "runtime/mutex.hpp"
+#include "runtime/thread.inline.hpp"
 #include "utilities/accessFlags.hpp"
 #include "utilities/bitMap.inline.hpp"
 #include "utilities/stack.inline.hpp"
@@ -87,7 +89,13 @@ static inline bool previous_epoch() {
 template <typename T>
 static inline bool used(const T* ptr) {
   assert(ptr != nullptr, "invariant");
-  return current_epoch() ? USED_THIS_EPOCH(ptr) : USED_PREVIOUS_EPOCH(ptr);
+  if (flushpoint()) {
+    return USED_THIS_EPOCH(ptr);
+  }
+  if (unloading()) {
+    return USED_THIS_EPOCH(ptr) || USED_PREVIOUS_EPOCH(ptr);
+  }
+  return USED_PREVIOUS_EPOCH(ptr);
 }
 
 template <typename T>
@@ -257,7 +265,7 @@ class ModuleFieldSelector {
     if (pkg == nullptr) {
       return nullptr;
     }
-    assert(current_epoch() ? IS_SERIALIZED(pkg) : true, "invariant");
+    assert(IS_SERIALIZED(pkg), "invariant");
     return pkg->module();
   }
 };
@@ -280,7 +288,7 @@ class ModuleCldFieldSelector {
     if (mod == nullptr) {
       return nullptr;
     }
-    assert(current_epoch() ? IS_SERIALIZED(mod) : true, "invariant");
+    assert(IS_SERIALIZED(mod), "invariant");
     return mod->loader_data();
   }
 };
@@ -307,6 +315,16 @@ class SerializePredicate<const Method*> {
   }
 };
 
+#ifdef ASSERT
+template <typename T>
+static bool test_is_previous_epoch_cleared_bit_set(const T* ptr) {
+  assert(ptr != nullptr, "invariant");
+  const Thread* const current = Thread::current();
+  assert(current != nullptr, "invariant");
+  return !current->is_JfrRecorder_thread() || IS_PREVIOUS_EPOCH_CLEARED_BIT_SET(ptr);
+}
+#endif
+
 template <typename T>
 static void set_serialized(const T* ptr) {
   assert(ptr != nullptr, "invariant");
@@ -314,7 +332,7 @@ static void set_serialized(const T* ptr) {
     CLEAR_THIS_EPOCH_CLEARED_BIT(ptr);
     assert(!IS_THIS_EPOCH_CLEARED_BIT_SET(ptr), "invariant");
   }
-  assert(IS_PREVIOUS_EPOCH_CLEARED_BIT_SET(ptr), "invariant");
+  assert(test_is_previous_epoch_cleared_bit_set(ptr), "invariant");
   SET_SERIALIZED(ptr);
   assert(IS_SERIALIZED(ptr), "invariant");
 }
@@ -359,12 +377,12 @@ static void do_write_klass(JfrCheckpointWriter* writer, CldPtr cld, KlassPtr kla
     return;
   }
   assert(used(klass), "invariant");
-  assert(unloading() ? true : IS_NOT_SERIALIZED(klass), "invariant");
+  assert(unloading() || IS_NOT_SERIALIZED(klass), "invariant");
   set_serialized(klass);
 }
 
 static inline bool should_write_cld_klass(KlassPtr klass, bool leakp) {
-  return klass != nullptr && (leakp ? IS_LEAKP(klass) : unloading() ? true : IS_NOT_SERIALIZED(klass));
+  return klass != nullptr && (leakp ? IS_LEAKP(klass) : unloading() || IS_NOT_SERIALIZED(klass));
 }
 
 static void write_klass(JfrCheckpointWriter* writer, KlassPtr klass, bool leakp, int& elements) {
@@ -539,6 +557,7 @@ static void do_unloading_klass(Klass* klass) {
     assert(used(klass), "invariant");
   }
   if (JfrKlassUnloading::on_unload(klass)) {
+    assert(used(klass), "invariant");
     if (JfrTraceId::has_sticky_bit(klass)) {
       JfrMethodTracer::add_to_unloaded_set(klass);
     }
@@ -996,6 +1015,15 @@ static void write_clds_on_clear() {
 
 /***** Methods *****/
 
+#ifdef ASSERT
+static bool test_is_previous_epoch_method_cleared_bit_set(MethodPtr method) {
+  assert(method != nullptr, "invariant");
+  const Thread* const current = Thread::current();
+  assert(current != nullptr, "invariant");
+  return !current->is_JfrRecorder_thread() || IS_PREVIOUS_EPOCH_METHOD_CLEARED_BIT_SET(method);
+}
+#endif
+
 template <>
 void set_serialized<Method>(MethodPtr method) {
   assert(method != nullptr, "invariant");
@@ -1003,9 +1031,9 @@ void set_serialized<Method>(MethodPtr method) {
     CLEAR_THIS_EPOCH_METHOD_CLEARED_BIT(method);
     assert(!IS_THIS_EPOCH_METHOD_CLEARED_BIT_SET(method), "invariant");
   }
-  assert(unloading() ? true : METHOD_IS_NOT_SERIALIZED(method), "invariant");
+  assert(test_is_previous_epoch_method_cleared_bit_set(method), "invariant");
+  assert(unloading() || METHOD_IS_NOT_SERIALIZED(method), "invariant");
   SET_METHOD_SERIALIZED(method);
-  assert(IS_PREVIOUS_EPOCH_METHOD_CLEARED_BIT_SET(method), "invariant");
   assert(METHOD_IS_SERIALIZED(method), "invariant");
 }
 
@@ -1054,7 +1082,7 @@ class MethodIteratorHost {
   MethodIteratorHost(JfrCheckpointWriter* writer) :
     _method_cb(writer, unloading(), false),
     _klass_cb(writer, unloading(), false),
-    _method_flag_predicate(current_epoch()) {}
+    _method_flag_predicate(previous_epoch(), unloading()) {}
 
   bool operator()(KlassPtr klass) {
     if (klass->is_instance_klass()) {
@@ -1320,6 +1348,7 @@ void JfrTypeSet::clear(JfrCheckpointWriter* writer, JfrCheckpointWriter* leakp_w
 }
 
 size_t JfrTypeSet::on_unloading_classes(JfrCheckpointWriter* writer) {
+  assert(!(UseShenandoahGC || UseZGC) || JfrEpochShift_lock->owned_by_self(), "invariant");
   // JfrTraceIdEpoch::has_changed_tag_state_no_reset() is a load-acquire we issue to see side-effects (i.e. tags).
   // The JfrRecorderThread does this as part of normal processing, but with concurrent class unloading, which can
   // happen in arbitrary threads, we invoke it explicitly.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/jfrTypeSetUtils.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/jfrTypeSetUtils.hpp
index cc5ebb2be39..3f11ea54924 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/jfrTypeSetUtils.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/jfrTypeSetUtils.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ /*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -135,14 +135,22 @@ class SymbolPredicate {
 
 template <bool leakp>
 class MethodFlagPredicate {
-  bool _current_epoch;
+  const bool _previous_epoch;
+  const bool _class_unload;
  public:
-  MethodFlagPredicate(bool current_epoch) : _current_epoch(current_epoch) {}
+  MethodFlagPredicate(bool previous_epoch, bool class_unload) : _previous_epoch(previous_epoch), _class_unload(class_unload)  {}
   bool operator()(const Method* method) {
-    if (_current_epoch) {
-      return leakp ? METHOD_IS_LEAKP(method) : METHOD_FLAG_USED_THIS_EPOCH(method);
+    if (leakp) {
+      return METHOD_IS_LEAKP(method);
     }
-    return leakp ? METHOD_IS_LEAKP(method) : METHOD_FLAG_USED_PREVIOUS_EPOCH(method);
+    if (_previous_epoch) {
+      assert(!_class_unload, "invariant");
+      return METHOD_FLAG_USED_PREVIOUS_EPOCH(method);
+    }
+    if (_class_unload) {
+      return METHOD_FLAG_USED_THIS_EPOCH(method) || METHOD_FLAG_USED_PREVIOUS_EPOCH(method);
+    }
+    return METHOD_FLAG_USED_THIS_EPOCH(method);
   }
 };
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/traceid/jfrTraceIdEpoch.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/traceid/jfrTraceIdEpoch.cpp
index bc7156adc4d..8a6e4f4c952 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/traceid/jfrTraceIdEpoch.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/traceid/jfrTraceIdEpoch.cpp
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ static constexpr const u2 epoch_generation_overflow = excluded_bit;
 
 void JfrTraceIdEpoch::shift_epoch() {
   assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "invariant");
+  assert(!(UseShenandoahGC || UseZGC) || JfrEpochShift_lock->owned_by_self(), "invariant");
   _epoch_state = !_epoch_state;
   if (++_generation == epoch_generation_overflow) {
     _generation = 1;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/traceid/jfrTraceIdLoadBarrier.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/traceid/jfrTraceIdLoadBarrier.inline.hpp
index c2b63840107..1eb876f4315 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/traceid/jfrTraceIdLoadBarrier.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/checkpoint/types/traceid/jfrTraceIdLoadBarrier.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -150,12 +150,11 @@ inline traceid JfrTraceIdLoadBarrier::load(const ClassLoaderData* cld) {
   if (cld->has_class_mirror_holder()) {
     return 0;
   }
-  const traceid id = set_used_and_get(cld);
   const Klass* const class_loader_klass = cld->class_loader_klass();
   if (class_loader_klass != nullptr) {
     load(class_loader_klass);
   }
-  return id;
+  return set_used_and_get(cld);
 }
 
 inline traceid JfrTraceIdLoadBarrier::load(const ModuleEntry* module) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/service/jfrRecorderService.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/service/jfrRecorderService.cpp
index 6f8d44fb1a4..84c37e91df4 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/service/jfrRecorderService.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/service/jfrRecorderService.cpp
@@ -464,11 +464,14 @@ void JfrRecorderService::invoke_safepoint_clear() {
 
 void JfrRecorderService::safepoint_clear() {
   assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "invariant");
-  _storage.clear();
   _checkpoint_manager.notify_threads(true);
-  _chunkwriter.set_time_stamp();
   JfrDeprecationManager::on_safepoint_clear();
   JfrStackTraceRepository::clear();
+  // Ensure that non-Java threads cannot perform tagging, enqueuing,
+  // or event writing that interleaves with the epoch shift.
+  ConditionalMutexLocker lock(JfrEpochShift_lock, UseShenandoahGC || UseZGC, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
+  _storage.clear();
+  _chunkwriter.set_time_stamp();
   _checkpoint_manager.shift_epoch();
 }
 
@@ -576,10 +579,13 @@ void JfrRecorderService::safepoint_write() {
   assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "invariant");
   JfrStackTraceRepository::clear_leak_profiler();
   _checkpoint_manager.on_rotation();
-  _storage.write_at_safepoint();
-  _chunkwriter.set_time_stamp();
   JfrDeprecationManager::on_safepoint_write();
   write_stacktrace(_stack_trace_repository, _chunkwriter, true);
+  // Ensure that non-Java threads cannot perform tagging, enqueuing,
+  // or event writing that interleaves with the epoch shift.
+  ConditionalMutexLocker lock(JfrEpochShift_lock, UseShenandoahGC || UseZGC, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
+  _storage.write_at_safepoint();
+  _chunkwriter.set_time_stamp();
   _checkpoint_manager.shift_epoch();
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/storage/jfrEpochStorage.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/storage/jfrEpochStorage.hpp
index 02f6a0ca774..bb83c7fafbc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/storage/jfrEpochStorage.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/storage/jfrEpochStorage.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 /*
  * Provides storage as a function of an epoch, with iteration capabilities for the current and previous epoch.
  *
- * When iterating the previous epoch, where exclusive access to buffers is assumed,
+ * When iterating the previous epoch, where exclusive access to buffers is assumed (see disclaimer below),
  * all buffers will be reinitialized post-callback, with retired buffers reclaimed
  * and moved onto the free list and non-retired buffers left in-place.
  *
@@ -47,6 +47,12 @@
  * The design caters to use cases having multiple incremental iterations over the current epoch,
  * and a single iteration over the previous epoch.
  *
+ * DISCLAIMER: Exclusive access to the previous epoch is only guaranteed for uses that respect the safepoint protocol.
+ *             This is because the JFR epoch evolves under a safepoint. If non-Java threads use the storage,
+ *             observe that they do NOT respect when the epoch evolves. As such, they could still have active uses
+ *             towards the previous epoch, although JavaThreads do not. In effect, this becomes another instance
+ *             of concurrent access, as described for the current epoch. Be extra careful about who is using this kind of storage.
+ *
  * The JfrEpochStorage can be specialized by the following policies:
  *
  * NodeType          the type of the Node to be managed by the JfrMemorySpace.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/storage/jfrMemorySpace.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/storage/jfrMemorySpace.inline.hpp
index 1b6273b78d2..05fda370d12 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/storage/jfrMemorySpace.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/storage/jfrMemorySpace.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -641,9 +641,13 @@ inline bool ReinitializeAllReleaseRetiredOp<Mspace, FromList>::process(typename
 template <typename Node>
 inline void assert_migration_state(const Node* old, const Node* new_node, size_t used, size_t requested) {
   assert(old != nullptr, "invariant");
-  assert(new_node != nullptr, "invariant");
+  assert(old->acquired_by_self(), "invariant");
+  assert(!old->retired(), "invariant");
   assert(old->pos() >= old->start(), "invariant");
   assert(old->pos() + used <= old->end(), "invariant");
+  assert(new_node != nullptr, "invariant");
+  assert(new_node->acquired_by_self(), "invariant");
+  assert(!new_node->retired(), "invariant");
   assert(new_node->free_size() >= (used + requested), "invariant");
 }
 #endif // ASSERT
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/storage/jfrStorageUtils.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/storage/jfrStorageUtils.inline.hpp
index 5a7cb7e7a78..663ce3acd53 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/storage/jfrStorageUtils.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/storage/jfrStorageUtils.inline.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -60,9 +60,7 @@ inline bool ConcurrentWriteOp<Operation>::process(typename Operation::Type* t) {
   const size_t unflushed_size = get_unflushed_size(top, t);
   assert((intptr_t)unflushed_size >= 0, "invariant");
   if (unflushed_size == 0) {
-    if (is_retired) {
-      t->set_top(top);
-    } else {
+    if (!is_retired) {
       t->release_critical_section_top(top);
     }
     return true;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/support/jfrKlassUnloading.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/support/jfrKlassUnloading.cpp
index d136eeab53a..bf285c3f41e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/support/jfrKlassUnloading.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/support/jfrKlassUnloading.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ bool JfrKlassUnloading::on_unload(const Klass* k) {
     ++event_klass_unloaded_count;
   }
   add_to_unloaded_klass_set(JfrTraceId::load_raw(k));
-  return USED_THIS_EPOCH(k);
+  return USED_THIS_EPOCH(k) || USED_PREVIOUS_EPOCH(k);
 }
 
 static inline bool is_unloaded(const JfrCHeapTraceIdSet* set, const traceid& id) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
index 65068c25d80..e4bff1dbf70 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/instanceKlass.cpp
@@ -3344,14 +3344,21 @@ void InstanceKlass::unload_class(InstanceKlass* ik) {
     log_info(class, unload)("unloading class %s " PTR_FORMAT, ik->external_name(), p2i(ik));
   }
 
-  Events::log_class_unloading(Thread::current(), ik);
+  Thread* const current = Thread::current();
+  Events::log_class_unloading(current, ik);
 
 #if INCLUDE_JFR
   assert(ik != nullptr, "invariant");
-  EventClassUnload event;
-  event.set_unloadedClass(ik);
-  event.set_definingClassLoader(ik->class_loader_data());
-  event.commit();
+  // For concurrent unloading, we need the ik, the cld, and the event
+  // to end up in the correct JFR epoch, hence the acquisition of the
+  // epoch shift lock before the event.commit().
+  if (EventClassUnload::is_enabled()) {
+    EventClassUnload event;
+    event.set_unloadedClass(ik);
+    event.set_definingClassLoader(ik->class_loader_data());
+    ConditionalMutexLocker ml(JfrEpochShift_lock, UseShenandoahGC || UseZGC, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
+    event.commit();
+  }
 #endif
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutexLocker.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutexLocker.cpp
index c9fa936f203..291815647d7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutexLocker.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutexLocker.cpp
@@ -122,6 +122,7 @@ Mutex*   JfrStacktrace_lock           = nullptr;
 Monitor* JfrMsg_lock                  = nullptr;
 Mutex*   JfrBuffer_lock               = nullptr;
 Mutex*   SuspendedThreadTask_lock     = nullptr;
+Mutex*   JfrEpochShift_lock           = nullptr;
 #endif
 
 Mutex*   CodeHeapStateAnalytics_lock  = nullptr;
@@ -282,6 +283,7 @@ void mutex_init() {
   MUTEX_DEFN(JfrMsg_lock                     , PaddedMonitor, event);
   MUTEX_DEFN(JfrStacktrace_lock              , PaddedMutex  , event);
   MUTEX_DEFN(SuspendedThreadTask_lock        , PaddedMutex  , nosafepoint);
+  MUTEX_DEFN(JfrEpochShift_lock              , PaddedMutex  , service-5); // lets keep this just above event
 #endif
 
   MUTEX_DEFN(ContinuationRelativize_lock     , PaddedMonitor, nosafepoint-3);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutexLocker.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutexLocker.hpp
index ae9c5e8a1f1..16fa8ebd5d0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutexLocker.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/mutexLocker.hpp
@@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ extern Mutex*   JfrStacktrace_lock;              // used to guard access to the
 extern Monitor* JfrMsg_lock;                     // protects JFR messaging
 extern Mutex*   JfrBuffer_lock;                  // protects JFR buffer operations
 extern Mutex*   SuspendedThreadTask_lock;        // used to guard SuspendedThreadTask::run
+extern Mutex*   JfrEpochShift_lock;              // exclude non-java threads from interleaving with the JFR epoch shift
 #endif
 
 extern Mutex*   Metaspace_lock;                  // protects Metaspace virtualspace and chunk expansions

From 87e84f6ed34062e4a556399efd3bcea00d56bcd6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ashay Rane <arane@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 14:56:45 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 661/707] 8390353: AllocateHeapAt option can cause a HotSpot
 crash

Reviewed-by: iklam, dholmes
---
 src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp | 15 +++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 15 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp b/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp
index 06645f47eb2..7cbfc2c821b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os/windows/os_windows.cpp
@@ -127,6 +127,7 @@ static FILETIME process_creation_time;
 static FILETIME process_exit_time;
 static FILETIME process_user_time;
 static FILETIME process_kernel_time;
+static HANDLE heap_file_handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
 
 #if defined(_M_ARM64)
   #define __CPU__ aarch64
@@ -3244,6 +3245,20 @@ int os::create_file_for_heap(const char* dir) {
     warning("Problem opening file for heap (%s)", os::strerror(errno));
     return -1;
   }
+
+  guarantee(heap_file_handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE,
+            "Heap backing file already exists");
+
+  HANDLE process = GetCurrentProcess();
+  HANDLE file_handle = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd);
+
+  if (!DuplicateHandle(process, file_handle, process, &heap_file_handle,
+                       0, FALSE, DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS)) {
+    warning("Could not retain handle to heap backing file (error %lu)", GetLastError());
+    ::close(fd);
+    return -1;
+  }
+
   return fd;
 }
 

From 8545f9166dbc1c1ca3d42d65f581e2a1a9e39f62 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alexander Zvegintsev <azvegint@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 15:07:07 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 662/707] 8324189: Test
 javax/sound/sampled/Clip/SetPositionHang.java timed out

Reviewed-by: dcubed
---
 test/jdk/javax/sound/sampled/Clip/SetPositionHang.java | 3 ++-
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/test/jdk/javax/sound/sampled/Clip/SetPositionHang.java b/test/jdk/javax/sound/sampled/Clip/SetPositionHang.java
index 0805dfc45a0..d893c60a5c6 100644
--- a/test/jdk/javax/sound/sampled/Clip/SetPositionHang.java
+++ b/test/jdk/javax/sound/sampled/Clip/SetPositionHang.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 /**
  * @test
  * @bug 8266421 8269091
+ * @key sound
  * @summary Tests that Clip.setFramePosition/setMicrosecondPosition do not hang.
  */
 public final class SetPositionHang implements Runnable {

From 46f0e2b4e766693aff4c7f460cd094d0f6e04c22 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Roland Westrelin <roland@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 16:02:28 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 663/707] 8388476: [Valhalla] C2 incorrectly eliminates store
 to flat array

Reviewed-by: chagedorn, thartmann
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp            |  8 ++-
 ...IncorrectlyEliminatedStoreToFlatArray.java | 71 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 76 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIncorrectlyEliminatedStoreToFlatArray.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
index 14036abc980..6ad48eda201 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
@@ -2307,15 +2307,17 @@ void Compile::adjust_flat_array_access_aliases(PhaseIterGVN& igvn) {
     }
   }
 
-#ifdef ASSERT
+  int start_alias = num_alias_types(); // Start of new aliases
   for (uint i = 0; i < memnodes.size(); i++) {
     Node* m = memnodes.at(i);
     const TypePtr* adr_type = m->adr_type();
+#ifdef ASSERT
     m->as_Mem()->set_adr_type(adr_type);
-  }
 #endif // ASSERT
+    // This has the side effect of allocating new aliases for flat array accesses
+    get_alias_index(adr_type);
+  }
 
-  int start_alias = num_alias_types(); // Start of new aliases
   Node_Stack stack(0);
 #ifdef ASSERT
   VectorSet seen(Thread::current()->resource_area());
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIncorrectlyEliminatedStoreToFlatArray.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIncorrectlyEliminatedStoreToFlatArray.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8cb26b598a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIncorrectlyEliminatedStoreToFlatArray.java
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8388476
+ * @summary [Valhalla] C2 incorrectly eliminates store to flat array
+ *
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xbatch -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:-UseArrayLoadStoreProfile
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test
+ *                   -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+
+public class TestIncorrectlyEliminatedStoreToFlatArray {
+    static value class IntegerBox {
+        int value;
+        IntegerBox(int value) { this.value = value; }
+        public String toString() { return "value: " + value; }
+    }
+
+    static Object test(Object obj, IntegerBox box) {
+        Object[] array = (Object[])obj;
+        try {
+            array[0] = null;
+            throw new NullPointerException("No NPE thrown");
+        } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
+            array[0] = box;
+        }
+        return array[0];
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        IntegerBox[] array = (IntegerBox[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedAtomicArray(IntegerBox.class, 1, new IntegerBox(1));
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50_000; i++) {
+            IntegerBox box = new IntegerBox(i);
+            Object res = test(array, box);
+            if (res != box) {
+                throw new AssertionError(res + " vs. " + box);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

From eef3c8a3a6dc52d1c49c49acc3f58d2e89f23e75 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Coleen Phillimore <coleenp@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 16:07:51 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 664/707] 8390257: New test
 runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/NPEInPreviewTest.java fails with -Xcomp

Reviewed-by: matsaave, fparain, heidinga
---
 .../share/interpreter/bytecodeUtils.cpp        | 18 +++++-------------
 src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.hpp        |  6 ------
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt             |  1 -
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/NPEInPreviewTest.java | 10 +++++++++-
 test/jdk/ProblemList.txt                       |  2 --
 5 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bytecodeUtils.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bytecodeUtils.cpp
index 469aa0d5dcc..8dd1f2288e2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bytecodeUtils.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/interpreter/bytecodeUtils.cpp
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ static char const* get_field_name(Method* method, int cp_index, Bytecodes::Code
   return name->as_C_string();
 }
 
-static bool is_null_restricted_field(Method* method, address code_base, int bci) {
+static bool might_be_null_restricted_field(Method* method, address code_base, int bci) {
   ConstantPool* cp = method->constants();
   int cp_index = Bytes::get_native_u2(code_base + bci + 1);
   ResolvedFieldEntry* field = cp->resolved_field_entry_at(cp_index);
@@ -315,18 +315,10 @@ static bool is_null_restricted_field(Method* method, address code_base, int bci)
   if (is_resolved) {
     return field->is_null_free_inline_type();
   } else {
-    // This is more expensive but rare. C1 might not have resolved the field
-    // in the interpreter first.
-    fieldDescriptor fd;
-    Klass* klass = cp->resolved_klass_ref_at(cp_index, bc);
-    assert (klass != nullptr, "must be resolved if we got an NPE here");
-
-    Symbol* name  = cp->name_ref_at(cp_index, bc);
-    Symbol* sig  =  cp->signature_ref_at(cp_index, bc);
-    Klass* owner = InstanceKlass::cast(klass)->find_field(name, sig, false, &fd);
-    return owner != nullptr && fd.is_null_free_inline_type();
+    // This is rare. The compiler might not have resolved the field or the klass
+    // in the interpreter first. Just say it might be null restricted because we don't know.
+    return true;
   }
-  return false;
 }
 
 static void print_local_var(outputStream *os, unsigned int bci, Method* method, int slot, bool is_parameter) {
@@ -1205,7 +1197,7 @@ bool ExceptionMessageBuilder::print_NPE_cause(outputStream* os, int bci, int slo
   if (print_NPE_cause0(os, bci, slot, _max_cause_detail, false, " because \"")) {
     if (code == Bytecodes::_aastore) {
       os->print("\" is null or is a null-free array and there's an attempt to store null in it");
-    } else if (code == Bytecodes::_putfield && is_null_restricted_field(_method, code_base, bci)) {
+    } else if (code == Bytecodes::_putfield && might_be_null_restricted_field(_method, code_base, bci)) {
       int cp_index = Bytes::get_native_u2(code_base + bci + 1);
       os->print("\" is null or \"%s\" is a null restricted field and there's an attempt to store null in it",
                 get_field_name(_method, cp_index, code));
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.hpp
index 8da04079eba..824ec6409eb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/constantPool.hpp
@@ -580,12 +580,6 @@ class ConstantPool : public Metadata {
     return symbol_at(signature_index);
   }
 
-  // Returns a resolved klass or nullptr if not resolved.  Does not try to resolve the class.
-  Klass* resolved_klass_ref_at(int which, Bytecodes::Code code) {
-    jint ref_index = klass_ref_index_at(which, code);
-    return resolved_klass_at(ref_index);
-  }
-
   u2 klass_ref_index_at(int which, Bytecodes::Code code);
   u2 name_and_type_ref_index_at(int which, Bytecodes::Code code);
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
index 4ab802a270b..059e2b3e083 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
@@ -108,7 +108,6 @@ runtime/os/TestTracePageSizes.java#Serial 8267460 linux-aarch64
 runtime/ErrorHandling/MachCodeFramesInErrorFile.java 8313315 linux-ppc64le
 runtime/NMT/VirtualAllocCommitMerge.java 8309698 linux-s390x
 runtime/Thread/TestAlwaysPreTouchStacks.java 8383372 macosx-aarch64
-runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/NPEInPreviewTest.java 8390257 generic-all
 
 applications/jcstress/copy.java 8229852 linux-all
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/NPEInPreviewTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/NPEInPreviewTest.java
index e1f7bfe9796..0488efed4a9 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/NPEInPreviewTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/NPEInPreviewTest.java
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
  *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
  *          java.base/jdk.internal.misc
  * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
  * @enablePreview
  * @compile -g NPEInPreviewTest.java
  * @run main/othervm -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+ShowCodeDetailsInExceptionMessages NPEInPreviewTest interpreter
@@ -100,6 +101,9 @@ static void testNullRestrictedFieldStoredInNullError() {
 
     static void testActualNullFieldError() {
         String expectedMessage = "Cannot assign field \"nullVal\" because \"self\" is null";
+        // In C1 Xcomp mode, the field or klass isn't resolved, so no idea which this is.
+        String c1ExpectedMessage = "Cannot assign field \"nullVal\" because \"self\" is null or \"nullVal\" is a null " +
+                                   "restricted field and there's an attempt to store null in it";
 
         try {
             NPEInPreviewTest self = null;
@@ -107,7 +111,11 @@ static void testActualNullFieldError() {
         } catch (NullPointerException npe) {
             String message = npe.getMessage();
             System.out.println("*** " + message);
-            Asserts.assertEquals(expectedMessage, message);
+            if (c1Mode) {
+                Asserts.assertEquals(c1ExpectedMessage, message);
+            } else {
+                Asserts.assertEquals(expectedMessage, message);
+            }
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt b/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
index 1896f0231d3..16d23f73b38 100644
--- a/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
@@ -570,8 +570,6 @@ javax/swing/plaf/synth/7158712/bug7158712.java 8324782 macosx-all
 
 # jdk_valhalla
 
-valhalla/valuetypes/NullRestrictedTest.java                     8390260 generic-all
-
 ############################################################################
 
 # core_tools

From c52c07696a35c312e07b4d34b0b7565d6156815e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Shiv Shah <shiv.shah@oracle.com>
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 17:12:39 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 665/707] 8390309: Remove deprecated comment() method from
 nsk.share.Log

Reviewed-by: dholmes, cjplummer
---
 .../nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/equals/equals002.java  | 14 +-------------
 .../failedToInitialize/failedtoinit002.java      | 14 +-------------
 .../nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fields/fields003.java  | 14 +-------------
 .../jdi/ReferenceType/hashCode/hashcode002.java  | 14 +-------------
 .../ReferenceType/isAbstract/isabstract002.java  | 14 +-------------
 .../ReferenceType/isInitialized/isinit002.java   | 14 +-------------
 .../ReferenceType/isPrepared/isprepared002.java  | 14 +-------------
 .../ReferenceType/isVerified/isverified002.java  | 14 +-------------
 .../jdi/ReferenceType/methods/methods003.java    | 14 +-------------
 .../methodsByName_ss/methbyname_ss003.java       | 14 +-------------
 .../nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/name/name002.java      | 14 +-------------
 .../ReferenceType/sourceName/sourcename002.java  | 14 +-------------
 .../ReferenceType/sourceName/sourcename003.java  | 10 +---------
 test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/Log.java | 16 +---------------
 14 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 180 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/equals/equals002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/equals/equals002.java
index bcfcac4f8d0..0686d73e69c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/equals/equals002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/equals/equals002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -51,8 +51,6 @@ public class equals002 {
     /** Debugee's class for check **/
     private final static String checked_class = package_prefix + "equals002b";
 
-
-
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
         int result = run(argv,System.out);
         if (result != 0) {
@@ -83,10 +81,6 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
         test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
-    private static void print_log_without_verbose(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.comment(message);
-    }
-
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
         test_log_handler.println(message);
     }
@@ -152,8 +146,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                 ("--> equals002: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
             ReferenceType refType = debugee.classByName(checked_class);
             if (refType == null) {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> equals002: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
                 print_log_anyway("##> equals002: FAILED: Could NOT FIND checked class: " + checked_class);
                 class_not_found_error = true;
                 break;
@@ -173,8 +165,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
             if ( debugee_signal.equals("not_unloaded")) {
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> equals002: debugee's \"not_unloaded\" signal recieved!");
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("-->            checked class may be NOT unloaded!");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("-->            ReferenceType.equals() method can NOT be checked!");
                 break;
@@ -195,8 +185,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                     ("--> equals002: checked class has been unloaded realy: " + checked_class);
             }
             else {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> equals002: check that checked class has been unloaded realy...");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> equals002: checked class FOUND: " + checked_class
                     + " => it has NOT been unloaded!");
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/failedToInitialize/failedtoinit002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/failedToInitialize/failedtoinit002.java
index 515e7f0140e..f093fffe503 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/failedToInitialize/failedtoinit002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/failedToInitialize/failedtoinit002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -50,8 +50,6 @@ public class failedtoinit002 {
     /** Debugee's class for check **/
     private final static String checked_class = package_prefix + "failedtoinit002b";
 
-
-
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
         int result = run(argv,System.out);
         if (result != 0) {
@@ -82,10 +80,6 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
         test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
-    private static void print_log_without_verbose(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.comment(message);
-    }
-
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
         test_log_handler.println(message);
     }
@@ -151,8 +145,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                 ("--> failedtoinit002: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
             ReferenceType refType = debugee.classByName(checked_class);
             if (refType == null) {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> failedtoinit002: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
                 print_log_anyway("##> failedtoinit002: FAILED: Could NOT FIND checked class: " + checked_class);
                 class_not_found_error = true;
                 break;
@@ -172,8 +164,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
             if ( debugee_signal.equals("not_unloaded")) {
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> failedtoinit002: debugee's \"not_unloaded\" signal recieved!");
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("-->                  checked class may be NOT unloaded!");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("-->                  ReferenceType.failedToInitialize() method can NOT be checked!");
                 break;
@@ -194,8 +184,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                     ("--> failedtoinit002: checked class has been unloaded really: " + checked_class);
             }
             else {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> failedtoinit002: check that checked class has been unloaded really...");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> failedtoinit002: checked class FOUND: " + checked_class
                     + " => it has NOT been unloaded!");
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fields/fields003.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fields/fields003.java
index 03e9399f47e..dee295d20f2 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fields/fields003.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fields/fields003.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -50,8 +50,6 @@ public class fields003 {
     /** Debugee's class for check **/
     private final static String checked_class =  package_prefix + "fields003b";
 
-
-
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
         int result = run(argv,System.out);
         if (result != 0) {
@@ -82,10 +80,6 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
         test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
-    private static void print_log_without_verbose(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.comment(message);
-    }
-
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
         test_log_handler.println(message);
     }
@@ -151,8 +145,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                 ("--> fields003: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
             ReferenceType refType = debugee.classByName(checked_class);
             if (refType == null) {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> fields003: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
                 print_log_anyway("##> fields003: FAILED: Could NOT FIND checked class: " + checked_class);
                 class_not_found_error = true;
                 break;
@@ -172,8 +164,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
             if ( debugee_signal.equals("not_unloaded")) {
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> fields003: debugee's \"not_unloaded\" signal recieved!");
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("-->            checked class may be NOT unloaded!");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("-->            ReferenceType.fields() method can NOT be checked!");
                 break;
@@ -194,8 +184,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                     ("--> fields003: checked class has been unloaded realy: " + checked_class);
             }
             else {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> fields003: check that checked class has been unloaded realy...");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> fields003: checked class FOUND: " + checked_class
                     + " => it has NOT been unloaded!");
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/hashCode/hashcode002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/hashCode/hashcode002.java
index b3df1016476..edca601544b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/hashCode/hashcode002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/hashCode/hashcode002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -51,8 +51,6 @@ public class hashcode002 {
     /** Debugee's class for check **/
     private final static String checked_class = package_prefix + "hashcode002b";
 
-
-
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
         int result = run(argv,System.out);
         if (result != 0) {
@@ -83,10 +81,6 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
         test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
-    private static void print_log_without_verbose(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.comment(message);
-    }
-
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
         test_log_handler.println(message);
     }
@@ -152,8 +146,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                 ("--> hashcode002: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
             ReferenceType refType = debugee.classByName(checked_class);
             if (refType == null) {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> hashcode002: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
                 print_log_anyway("##> hashcode002: FAILED: Could NOT FIND checked class: " + checked_class);
                 class_not_found_error = true;
                 break;
@@ -173,8 +165,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
             if ( debugee_signal.equals("not_unloaded")) {
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> hashcode002: debugee's \"not_unloaded\" signal recieved!");
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("-->              checked class may be NOT unloaded!");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("-->              ReferenceType.hashCode() method can NOT be checked!");
                 break;
@@ -195,8 +185,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                     ("--> hashcode002: checked class has been unloaded really: " + checked_class);
             }
             else {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> hashcode002: check that checked class has been unloaded really...");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> hashcode002: checked class FOUND: " + checked_class
                     + " => it has NOT been unloaded!");
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isAbstract/isabstract002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isAbstract/isabstract002.java
index 5d504d878e1..000054b284c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isAbstract/isabstract002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isAbstract/isabstract002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -50,8 +50,6 @@ public class isabstract002 {
     /** Debugee's class for check **/
     private final static String checked_class = package_prefix + "isabstract002b";
 
-
-
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
         int result = run(argv,System.out);
         if (result != 0) {
@@ -82,10 +80,6 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
         test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
-    private static void print_log_without_verbose(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.comment(message);
-    }
-
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
         test_log_handler.println(message);
     }
@@ -151,8 +145,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                 ("--> isabstract002: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
             ReferenceType refType = debugee.classByName(checked_class);
             if (refType == null) {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> isabstract002: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
                 print_log_anyway("##> isabstract002: FAILED: Could NOT FIND checked class: " + checked_class);
                 class_not_found_error = true;
                 break;
@@ -172,8 +164,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
             if ( debugee_signal.equals("not_unloaded")) {
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> isabstract002: debugee's \"not_unloaded\" signal recieved!");
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("-->                checked class may be NOT unloaded!");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("-->                ReferenceType.isAbstract() method can NOT be checked!");
                 break;
@@ -194,8 +184,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                     ("--> isabstract002: checked class has been unloaded really: " + checked_class);
             }
             else {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> isabstract002: check that checked class has been unloaded really...");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> isabstract002: checked class FOUND: " + checked_class
                     + " => it has NOT been unloaded!");
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isInitialized/isinit002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isInitialized/isinit002.java
index 1675eb444c0..c95a3703e97 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isInitialized/isinit002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isInitialized/isinit002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -50,8 +50,6 @@ public class isinit002 {
     /** Debugee's class for check **/
     private final static String checked_class = package_prefix + "isinit002b";
 
-
-
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
         int result = run(argv,System.out);
         if (result != 0) {
@@ -82,10 +80,6 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
         test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
-    private static void print_log_without_verbose(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.comment(message);
-    }
-
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
         test_log_handler.println(message);
     }
@@ -151,8 +145,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                 ("--> isinit002: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
             ReferenceType refType = debugee.classByName(checked_class);
             if (refType == null) {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> isinit002: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
                 print_log_anyway("##> isinit002: FAILED: Could NOT FIND checked class: " + checked_class);
                 class_not_found_error = true;
                 break;
@@ -172,8 +164,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
             if ( debugee_signal.equals("not_unloaded")) {
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> isinit002: debugee's \"not_unloaded\" signal recieved!");
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("-->            checked class may be NOT unloaded!");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("-->            ReferenceType.isInitialized() method can NOT be checked!");
                 break;
@@ -194,8 +184,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                     ("--> isinit002: checked class has been unloaded really: " + checked_class);
             }
             else {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> isinit002: check that checked class has been unloaded really...");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> isinit002: checked class FOUND: " + checked_class
                     + " => it has NOT been unloaded!");
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isPrepared/isprepared002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isPrepared/isprepared002.java
index e3680b64ab9..4bd57d90791 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isPrepared/isprepared002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isPrepared/isprepared002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -51,8 +51,6 @@ public class isprepared002 {
     /** Debugee's class for check **/
     private final static String checked_class = package_prefix + "isprepared002b";
 
-
-
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
         int result = run(argv,System.out);
         if (result != 0) {
@@ -83,10 +81,6 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
         test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
-    private static void print_log_without_verbose(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.comment(message);
-    }
-
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
         test_log_handler.println(message);
     }
@@ -152,8 +146,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                 ("--> isprepared002: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
             ReferenceType refType = debugee.classByName(checked_class);
             if (refType == null) {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> isprepared002: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
                 print_log_anyway("##> isprepared002: FAILED: Could NOT FIND checked class: " + checked_class);
                 class_not_found_error = true;
                 break;
@@ -173,8 +165,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
             if ( debugee_signal.equals("not_unloaded")) {
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> isprepared002: debugee's \"not_unloaded\" signal recieved!");
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("-->                checked class may be NOT unloaded!");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("-->                ReferenceType.isPrepared() method can NOT be checked!");
                 break;
@@ -195,8 +185,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                     ("--> isprepared002: checked class has been unloaded really: " + checked_class);
             }
             else {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> isprepared002: check that checked class has been unloaded really...");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> isprepared002: checked class FOUND: " + checked_class
                     + " => it has NOT been unloaded!");
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isVerified/isverified002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isVerified/isverified002.java
index 237f8e8f780..2c89b8361f3 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isVerified/isverified002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isVerified/isverified002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -52,8 +52,6 @@ public class isverified002 {
     /** Debugee's class for check **/
     private final static String checked_class = package_prefix + "isverified002b";
 
-
-
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
         int result = run(argv,System.out);
         if (result != 0) {
@@ -84,10 +82,6 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
         test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
-    private static void print_log_without_verbose(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.comment(message);
-    }
-
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
         test_log_handler.println(message);
     }
@@ -153,8 +147,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                 ("--> isverified002: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
             ReferenceType refType = debugee.classByName(checked_class);
             if (refType == null) {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> isverified002: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
                 print_log_anyway("##> isverified002: FAILED: Could NOT FIND checked class: " + checked_class);
                 class_not_found_error = true;
                 break;
@@ -174,8 +166,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
             if ( debugee_signal.equals("not_unloaded")) {
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> isverified002: debugee's \"not_unloaded\" signal recieved!");
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("-->                checked class may be NOT unloaded!");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("-->                ReferenceType.isVerified() method can NOT be checked!");
                 break;
@@ -196,8 +186,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                     ("--> isverified002: checked class has been unloaded really: " + checked_class);
             }
             else {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> isverified002: check that checked class has been unloaded really...");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> isverified002: checked class FOUND: " + checked_class
                     + " => it has NOT been unloaded!");
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methods/methods003.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methods/methods003.java
index 7b37f8718d9..073699ea9bf 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methods/methods003.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methods/methods003.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -51,8 +51,6 @@ public class methods003 {
     /** Debugee's class for check **/
     private final static String checked_class = package_prefix + "methods003b";
 
-
-
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
         int result = run(argv,System.out);
         if (result != 0) {
@@ -83,10 +81,6 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
         test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
-    private static void print_log_without_verbose(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.comment(message);
-    }
-
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
         test_log_handler.println(message);
     }
@@ -152,8 +146,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                 ("--> methods003: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
             ReferenceType refType = debugee.classByName(checked_class);
             if (refType == null) {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> methods003: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
                 print_log_anyway("##> methods003: FAILED: Could NOT FIND checked class: " + checked_class);
                 class_not_found_error = true;
                 break;
@@ -173,8 +165,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
             if ( debugee_signal.equals("not_unloaded")) {
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> methods003: debugee's \"not_unloaded\" signal recieved!");
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("-->             checked class may be NOT unloaded!");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("-->             ReferenceType.methods() method can NOT be checked!");
                 break;
@@ -195,8 +185,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                     ("--> methods003: checked class has been unloaded realy: " + checked_class);
             }
             else {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> methods003: check that checked class has been unloaded realy...");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> methods003: checked class FOUND: " + checked_class
                     + " => it has NOT been unloaded!");
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_ss/methbyname_ss003.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_ss/methbyname_ss003.java
index 413d410037f..3dbead20493 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_ss/methbyname_ss003.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_ss/methbyname_ss003.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -52,8 +52,6 @@ public class methbyname_ss003 {
     /** Debugee's class for check **/
     private final static String checked_class = package_prefix + "methbyname_ss003b";
 
-
-
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
         int result = run(argv,System.out);
         if (result != 0) {
@@ -84,10 +82,6 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
         test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
-    private static void print_log_without_verbose(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.comment(message);
-    }
-
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
         test_log_handler.println(message);
     }
@@ -153,8 +147,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                 ("--> methbyname_ss003: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
             ReferenceType refType = debugee.classByName(checked_class);
             if (refType == null) {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> methbyname_ss003: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
                 print_log_anyway("##> methbyname_ss003: FAILED: Could NOT FIND checked class: " + checked_class);
                 class_not_found_error = true;
                 break;
@@ -174,8 +166,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
             if ( debugee_signal.equals("not_unloaded")) {
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> methbyname_ss003: debugee's \"not_unloaded\" signal recieved!");
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("-->                  checked class may be NOT unloaded!");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("-->                  ReferenceType.methodsByName_ss() method can NOT be checked!");
                 break;
@@ -196,8 +186,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                     ("--> methbyname_ss003: checked class has been unloaded realy: " + checked_class);
             }
             else {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> methbyname_ss003: check that checked class has been unloaded realy...");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> methbyname_ss003: checked class FOUND: " + checked_class
                     + " => it has NOT been unloaded!");
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/name/name002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/name/name002.java
index d9af04da19b..a59821d1c14 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/name/name002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/name/name002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -51,8 +51,6 @@ public class name002 {
     /** Debugee's class for check **/
     private final static String checked_class = package_prefix + "name002b";
 
-
-
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
         int result = run(argv,System.out);
         if (result != 0) {
@@ -83,10 +81,6 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
         test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
-    private static void print_log_without_verbose(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.comment(message);
-    }
-
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
         test_log_handler.println(message);
     }
@@ -152,8 +146,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                 ("--> name002: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
             ReferenceType refType = debugee.classByName(checked_class);
             if (refType == null) {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> name002: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
                 print_log_anyway("##> name002: FAILED: Could NOT FIND checked class: " + checked_class);
                 class_not_found_error = true;
                 break;
@@ -173,8 +165,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
             if ( debugee_signal.equals("not_unloaded")) {
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> name002: debugee's \"not_unloaded\" signal recieved!");
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("-->          checked class may be NOT unloaded!");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("-->          ReferenceType.name() method can NOT be checked!");
                 break;
@@ -195,8 +185,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                     ("--> name002: checked class has been unloaded really: " + checked_class);
             }
             else {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> name002: check that checked class has been unloaded really...");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> name002: checked class FOUND: " + checked_class
                     + " => it has NOT been unloaded!");
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/sourceName/sourcename002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/sourceName/sourcename002.java
index df523a5a559..0db90110fbe 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/sourceName/sourcename002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/sourceName/sourcename002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -51,8 +51,6 @@ public class sourcename002 {
     /** Debugee's class for check **/
     private final static String checked_class = package_prefix + "sourcename002b";
 
-
-
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
         int result = run(argv,System.out);
         if (result != 0) {
@@ -83,10 +81,6 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
         test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
-    private static void print_log_without_verbose(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.comment(message);
-    }
-
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
         test_log_handler.println(message);
     }
@@ -152,8 +146,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                 ("--> sourcename002: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
             ReferenceType refType = debugee.classByName(checked_class);
             if (refType == null) {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> sourcename002: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
                 print_log_anyway("##> sourcename002: FAILED: Could NOT FIND checked class: " + checked_class);
                 class_not_found_error = true;
                 break;
@@ -173,8 +165,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
             if ( debugee_signal.equals("not_unloaded")) {
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> sourcename002: debugee's \"not_unloaded\" signal recieved!");
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("-->                checked class may be NOT unloaded!");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("-->                ReferenceType.sourceName() method can NOT be checked!");
                 break;
@@ -195,8 +185,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                     ("--> sourcename002: checked class has been unloaded really: " + checked_class);
             }
             else {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> sourcename002: check that checked class has been unloaded really...");
                 print_log_anyway
                     ("--> sourcename002: checked class FOUND: " + checked_class
                     + " => it has NOT been unloaded!");
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/sourceName/sourcename003.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/sourceName/sourcename003.java
index c4163f123b4..bd547529ec6 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/sourceName/sourcename003.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/sourceName/sourcename003.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -52,8 +52,6 @@ public class sourcename003 {
     /** Debugee's class for check **/
     private final static String checked_class = thisClassName + "[]";
 
-
-
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
         int result = run(argv,System.out);
         if (result != 0) {
@@ -84,10 +82,6 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
         test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
-    private static void print_log_without_verbose(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.comment(message);
-    }
-
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
         test_log_handler.println(message);
     }
@@ -136,8 +130,6 @@ private int runThis (String argv[], PrintStream out) {
                 ("--> sourcename003: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
             ReferenceType refType = debugee.classByName(checked_class);
             if (refType == null) {
-                print_log_without_verbose
-                    ("--> sourcename003: getting ReferenceType object for loaded checked class...");
                 print_log_anyway("##> sourcename003: FAILED: Could NOT FIND checked class: " + checked_class);
                 class_not_found_error = true;
                 break;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/Log.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/Log.java
index 24711527606..2e038291759 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/Log.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/Log.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.Vector;
 
-
 /**
  * This class helps to print test-execution trace messages.
  * <p>
@@ -211,19 +210,6 @@ public synchronized void println(String message) {
         doPrint(message);
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Print <code>message</code> to the assigned output stream,
-     * if log mode is <i>non</i>-verbose.
-     *
-     * @deprecated  Test ought to be quiet if log mode is non-verbose
-     *              and there is no errors found by the test. Methods
-     *              <code>display()</code> and <code>complain()</code>
-     *              are enough for testing purposes.
-     */
-    @Deprecated
-    public synchronized void comment(String message) {
-    }
-
     /**
      * Print trace <code>message</code> to the assigned output stream,
      * only if specified <code>level</code> is less or equal for the

From 48490638d9d60e41551b2ac7d2846ba90a9b6908 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Shiv Shah <shiv.shah@oracle.com>
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 17:18:24 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 666/707] 8359208: Remove runtime/signal/TestSigstop.java since
 it is always skipped

Reviewed-by: dholmes, shade, epavlova
---
 .../jtreg/runtime/signal/TestSigstop.java     | 35 -------------------
 1 file changed, 35 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/signal/TestSigstop.java

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/signal/TestSigstop.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/signal/TestSigstop.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 24acfd2c8da..00000000000
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/signal/TestSigstop.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2017, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
- *
- * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
- * accompanied this code).
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
- * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *
- * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
- * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
- * questions.
- */
-
-
-/*
- * @test
- * @requires os.family != "windows" & os.family != "aix"
- *
- * @summary converted from VM testbase runtime/signal/sigstop01.
- * VM testbase keywords: [signal, runtime, linux, macosx]
- *
- * @library /test/lib
- * @run main/native SigTestDriver SIGSTOP
- */
-

From 5ad2eb84b52c977c52399e110947b982142203c6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Shiv Shah <shiv.shah@oracle.com>
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 17:36:02 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 667/707] 8389110: java/nio/file/FileStore/Basic.java
 testEnumerateFileStores fails in container: FileStores should be unique

Reviewed-by: alanb, epavlova
---
 test/lib/jdk/test/lib/util/FileUtils.java | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/util/FileUtils.java b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/util/FileUtils.java
index b5b49350389..585d156999c 100644
--- a/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/util/FileUtils.java
+++ b/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/util/FileUtils.java
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ public static boolean areFileSystemsAccessible() throws IOException {
      * File systems are considered to be accessible if this process completes
      * successfully before a given fixed duration has elapsed.
      *
-     * @implNote On Unix this executes the {@code df} command in a separate
+     * @implNote On Unix this executes the {@code df -a} command in a separate
      * process and on Windows always returns {@code true}.
      *
      * @return whether file systems appear to be accessible and duplicate-free
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ public static boolean areMountPointsAccessibleAndUnique() {
         final AtomicBoolean areMountPointsOK = new AtomicBoolean(true);
         Thread thr = new Thread(() -> {
             try {
-                Process proc = new ProcessBuilder("df").start();
+                Process proc = new ProcessBuilder("df", "-a").start();
                 BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader
                     (new InputStreamReader(proc.getInputStream()));
                 // Skip the first line as it is the "df" output header.

From 26842a3cdb0f2b5f92607546add3c145028aee73 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vladimir Ivanov <vaivanov@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 18:42:23 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 668/707] 8390391: [perf] InlineSmallCode should be increased
 for APX mode

Reviewed-by: sviswanathan, drwhite
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp | 8 ++++++++
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
index a51faa0bea6..cfe0f91f0ac 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
@@ -1077,6 +1077,14 @@ void VM_Version::get_processor_features() {
       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAPX, false);
     }
   }
+#if defined(COMPILER2)
+  if (UseAPX) {
+    // Increase InlineSmallCode by 10%
+    if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InlineSmallCode)) {
+      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InlineSmallCode, InlineSmallCode * 1.10);
+    }
+  }
+#endif
 
   CHECK_CPU_FEATURE(UseCLMUL, CLMUL, supports_clmul(), "CLMUL" MULTI_INST_WARNING_MSG);
   CHECK_CPU_FEATURE(UseAES, AES, supports_aes(), "AES" MULTI_INST_WARNING_MSG);

From b5328c1cd7e5df98a0cd5930eee70d0024d89125 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ioi Lam <iklam@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 19:35:27 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 669/707] 8389474: Class of inlined objects may not be
 AOT-initialized

Reviewed-by: matsaave, coleenp, heidinga
---
 src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp          | 104 ++++++++++
 src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.hpp          |   3 +
 .../cds/appcds/aotCache/FlatArrayTest.java    | 180 +++++++++++-------
 .../appcds/aotCache/FlattenedFieldTest.java   | 174 +++++++++++++++++
 .../test-classes/valueclasses/BytePair.java   |  49 +++++
 .../valueclasses/BytePairWrapper.java         |  47 +++++
 .../valueclasses/BytePairWrapperWrapper.java  |  47 +++++
 .../test-classes/valueclasses/CharPair.java   |  49 +++++
 .../valueclasses/IntegerWrapper.java          |  43 +++++
 .../test-classes/valueclasses/ShortPair.java  |  49 +++++
 .../valueclasses/ShortPairWrapper.java        |  47 +++++
 .../valueclasses/ValueClassHelper.java        |  87 +++++++++
 12 files changed, 813 insertions(+), 66 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/FlattenedFieldTest.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/BytePair.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/BytePairWrapper.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/BytePairWrapperWrapper.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/CharPair.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/IntegerWrapper.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/ShortPair.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/ShortPairWrapper.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/ValueClassHelper.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp
index 2fc23700d82..93d9061efb9 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.cpp
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@
 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 #include "oops/compressedOops.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/flatArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 #include "oops/oopCast.inline.hpp"
@@ -1742,6 +1743,107 @@ void HeapShared::init_box_classes(TRAPS) {
   }
 }
 
+// Used by HeapShared::find_inline_classes().
+class HeapShared::InlineKlassFinder : public FieldClosure {
+  KlassSubGraphInfo* _subgraph_info;
+  InstanceKlass* _ik;
+  address _obj;
+public:
+  // obj points to the "logical address" of:
+  //     (a) a regular heap object, or
+  //     (b) an element of a flattened array, or
+  //     (c) a flattened field embedded inside a heap object.
+  // For (a), obj is the same as the address of the heap object.
+  // For (b) and (c), obj points to InlineKlass::cast(_ik)->payload_offset() bytes below
+  // the payload.
+  InlineKlassFinder(KlassSubGraphInfo* subgraph_info, InstanceKlass* ik, address obj)
+    : _subgraph_info(subgraph_info), _ik(ik), _obj(obj) {
+    precond(obj != nullptr);
+    precond(ik->has_inlined_fields());
+  }
+
+  // This function is called on every field of _ik.
+  void do_field(fieldDescriptor* fd) override {
+    if (fd->is_flat()) {
+      precond(fd->field_type() == T_OBJECT);
+      precond(_ik == fd->field_holder());
+
+      // The type of this flattened field
+      InlineKlass* vk = _ik->get_inline_type_field_klass(fd->index());
+
+      // The "logical address" of this flattened field
+      address field_addr = _obj + fd->offset() - vk->payload_offset();
+
+      if (fd->is_null_free_inline_type() || !vk->is_payload_marked_as_null(field_addr)) {
+        // Found a non-null flattened instance of vk. Let's record vk.
+        add_inline_class(_subgraph_info, vk);
+        if (vk->has_inlined_fields()) {
+          InlineKlassFinder finder(_subgraph_info, vk, field_addr);
+          finder.find();
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  void find() {
+    _ik->do_nonstatic_fields(this);
+  }
+};
+
+void HeapShared::add_inline_class(KlassSubGraphInfo* subgraph_info, InlineKlass* k) {
+  subgraph_info->add_subgraph_object_klass(k);
+  if (InstanceKlass::cast(k)->is_enum_subclass()
+      || (subgraph_info == _dump_time_special_subgraph)) {
+      AOTArtifactFinder::add_aot_inited_class(k);
+  }
+}
+
+// Recursively scan for any InlineKlass K that has least one non-null flattened instance
+// inside orig_obj. K should be recorded with add_inline_class().
+//
+// Reason for doing this:
+//
+//     value class Point { short x; short y; ... }
+//     value class Line {
+//         @NullRestricted Point p1;
+//         @NullRestricted Point p2; ... }
+//
+// Klasses of non-flattened instances are already recorded by HeapShared::archive_object().
+//
+// If only a single instance of Line is archived, HeapShared::archive_object() would
+// have never visited a (non-flattened) instance of Point, but we must store Point in
+// AOT-initialized state. This function finds Point.
+void HeapShared::find_inline_classes(KlassSubGraphInfo* subgraph_info, oop orig_obj) {
+  Klass* klass = orig_obj->klass();
+
+  if (klass->is_flatArray_klass()) {
+    FlatArrayKlass* fak = FlatArrayKlass::cast(klass);
+    precond(orig_obj->is_flatArray());
+    flatArrayOop fa = oop_cast<flatArrayOop>(orig_obj);
+    InlineKlass* elem_k = fak->element_klass();
+    bool added = false;
+    for (int i = 0; i < fa->length(); i++) {
+      if (fak->is_null_free_array_klass() || !fa->obj_at_is_null(i)) {
+        if (!added) {
+          add_inline_class(subgraph_info, elem_k);
+        }
+        if (elem_k->has_inlined_fields()) {
+          // "logical address" of the i-th array element.
+          address elem = static_cast<address>(fa->value_at_addr(i, fak->layout_helper())) - elem_k->payload_offset();
+          InlineKlassFinder finder(subgraph_info, elem_k, elem);
+          finder.find();
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  } else if (klass->is_instance_klass()) {
+    InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(klass);
+    if (ik->has_inlined_fields()) {
+      InlineKlassFinder finder(subgraph_info, ik, cast_from_oop<address>(orig_obj));
+      finder.find();
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 // (1) If orig_obj has not been archived yet, archive it.
 // (2) If orig_obj has not been seen yet (since start_recording_subgraph() was called),
 //     trace all  objects that are reachable from it, and make sure these objects are archived.
@@ -1877,6 +1979,8 @@ bool HeapShared::walk_one_object(PendingOopStack* stack, int level, KlassSubGrap
     orig_obj->oop_iterate(&pusher);
   }
 
+  find_inline_classes(subgraph_info, orig_obj);
+
   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_aot_linked_classes()) {
     // The enum klasses are archived with aot-initialized mirror.
     // See AOTClassInitializer::can_archive_initialized_mirror().
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.hpp
index ba7ec626d90..993719909d8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/cds/heapShared.hpp
@@ -365,11 +365,14 @@ class HeapShared: AllStatic {
   };
 
   class OopFieldPusher;
+  class InlineKlassFinder;
   using PendingOopStack = GrowableArrayCHeap<PendingOop, mtClassShared>;
 
   static PendingOop _object_being_archived;
   static bool walk_one_object(PendingOopStack* stack, int level, KlassSubGraphInfo* subgraph_info,
                               oop orig_obj, oop referrer);
+  static void find_inline_classes(KlassSubGraphInfo* subgraph_info, oop orig_obj);
+  static void add_inline_class(KlassSubGraphInfo* subgraph_info, InlineKlass* k);
 
   static void reset_archived_object_states(TRAPS);
   static void ensure_determinism(TRAPS);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/FlatArrayTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/FlatArrayTest.java
index 94f2234f2a4..452ed24f25d 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/FlatArrayTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/FlatArrayTest.java
@@ -27,22 +27,43 @@
  * @requires vm.cds.supports.aot.class.linking
  * @requires vm.debug
  * @enablePreview
- * @library /test/jdk/lib/testlibrary /test/lib
+ * @library /test/jdk/lib/testlibrary /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/
  * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
  * @build FlatArrayTest
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar
- *             FlatArrayTestApp MyAOTInitedClass CharPair Wrapper
+ *             FlatArrayTestApp
+ *             MyAOTInitedClass
+ *             valueclasses.BytePair
+ *             valueclasses.BytePairWrapper
+ *             valueclasses.BytePairWrapperWrapper
+ *             valueclasses.CharPair
+ *             valueclasses.IntegerWrapper
+ *             valueclasses.ShortPair
+ *             valueclasses.ShortPairWrapper
+ *             valueclasses.ValueClassHelper
  * @run driver FlatArrayTest AOT --two-step-training
  */
 
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
 
 import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSAppTester;
 import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
 import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
 import jdk.test.lib.StringArrayUtils;
 
+// From ../test-classes/
+import valueclasses.BytePair;
+import valueclasses.BytePairWrapper;
+import valueclasses.BytePairWrapperWrapper;
+import valueclasses.CharPair;
+import valueclasses.ShortPair;
+import valueclasses.ShortPairWrapper;
+import valueclasses.IntegerWrapper;
+import valueclasses.ValueClassHelper;
+
 public class FlatArrayTest {
     static final String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("app.jar");
     static final String mainClass = FlatArrayTestApp.class.getName();
@@ -89,8 +110,13 @@ public void checkExecution(OutputAnalyzer out, RunMode runMode) throws Exception
                 out.shouldContain("Y = 123");
             } else if (runMode == RunMode.ASSEMBLY) {
                 out.shouldMatch("klasses.* app .*MyAOTInitedClass .* inited");
+                out.shouldMatch("klasses.* app .*BytePair .* inited");
+                out.shouldMatch("klasses.* app .*BytePairWrapper .* inited");
+                out.shouldMatch("klasses.* app .*BytePairWrapperWrapper .* inited");
                 out.shouldMatch("klasses.* app .*CharPair .* inited");
-                out.shouldMatch("klasses.* app .*Wrapper .* inited");
+                out.shouldMatch("klasses.* app .*IntegerWrapper .* inited");
+                out.shouldMatch("klasses.* app .*ShortPair .* inited");
+                out.shouldMatch("klasses.* app .*ShortPairWrapper .* inited");
             } else if (runMode == RunMode.PRODUCTION) {
                 out.shouldContain("Y = 45");
             }
@@ -98,47 +124,16 @@ public void checkExecution(OutputAnalyzer out, RunMode runMode) throws Exception
     }
 }
 
+// NOTE: this class is NOT aot-initialized.
 class FlatArrayTestApp {
     static int X = 45;
+
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         X = 123;
         MyAOTInitedClass.test(args[0]);
     }
 }
 
-value class CharPair implements Comparable<CharPair> {
-    char c0, c1;
-
-    public String toString() {
-        return "(" + c0 + ", " + c1 + ")";
-    }
-
-    public int compareTo(CharPair o) {
-        return (c0 - o.c0) - (c1 - o.c1);
-    }
-
-    public CharPair(char c0, char c1) {
-        this.c0 = c0;
-        this.c1 = c1;
-    }
-}
-
-value class Wrapper implements Comparable<Wrapper> {
-    Integer i;
-
-    public String toString() {
-        return i.toString();
-    }
-
-    public int compareTo(Wrapper o) {
-        return i - o.i;
-    }
-
-    Wrapper(int i) {
-        this.i = new Integer(i);
-    }
-}
-
 // This class is stored in the AOT cache in the initialized state.
 class MyAOTInitedClass {
     // Note that when MyAOTInitedClass is initialized in the assembly run, FlatArrayTestApp.main()
@@ -147,15 +142,23 @@ class MyAOTInitedClass {
 
     static Integer[] intArray;
     static CharPair[] charPairArray;
-    static Wrapper[] wrapperArray;
+    static IntegerWrapper[] integerWrapperArray;
+    static ShortPairWrapper[] spwArray;
+    static BytePairWrapperWrapper[] bpwwArray;
 
+    // A non-flattened instance of CharPair.
     static CharPair charPair;
-    static Wrapper wrapper;
+
+    // We don't have non-flattened instances of IntegerWrapper, but
+    // the IntegerWrapper class should still be AOT-initialized, as
+    // we can read a reference object of type IntegerWrapper from
+    // integerWrapperArray[0]
+    //
+    // The same is also true for BytePair, BytePairWrapper, BytePairWrapperWrapper,
+    // ShortPair, and ShortPairWrapper, for similar reasons.
 
     static {
         intArray = new Integer[3];
-        intArray[0] = null;
-        System.out.println("TEST: " + (intArray[0] == null));
         intArray[0] = new Integer(0);
         intArray[1] = new Integer(1);
         intArray[2] = new Integer(2);
@@ -165,13 +168,22 @@ class MyAOTInitedClass {
         charPairArray[1] = new CharPair('c', 'd');
         charPairArray[2] = new CharPair('e', 'f');
 
-        wrapperArray = new Wrapper[3];
-        wrapperArray[0] = new Wrapper(0);
-        wrapperArray[1] = new Wrapper(1);
-        wrapperArray[2] = new Wrapper(2);
+        integerWrapperArray = new IntegerWrapper[3];
+        integerWrapperArray[0] = new IntegerWrapper(0);
+        integerWrapperArray[1] = new IntegerWrapper(1);
+        integerWrapperArray[2] = new IntegerWrapper(2);
+
+        spwArray = new ShortPairWrapper[3];
+        spwArray[0] = new ShortPairWrapper(0, 1);
+        spwArray[1] = new ShortPairWrapper(2, 3);
+        spwArray[2] = new ShortPairWrapper(4, 5);
+
+        bpwwArray = new BytePairWrapperWrapper[3];
+        bpwwArray[0] = new BytePairWrapperWrapper(0, 1);
+        bpwwArray[1] = new BytePairWrapperWrapper(2, 3);
+        bpwwArray[2] = new BytePairWrapperWrapper(4, 5);
 
         charPair = new CharPair('x', 'y');
-        wrapper = new Wrapper(5);
     }
 
     static void test(String runMode) {
@@ -188,36 +200,72 @@ static void test(String runMode) {
             throw new RuntimeException("CharPair array should be flat");
         }
 
-        if (!ValueClass.isFlatArray(wrapperArray)) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("Wrapper array should be flat");
+        if (!ValueClass.isFlatArray(integerWrapperArray)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("IntegerWrapper array should be flat");
+        }
+
+        if (!ValueClass.isFlatArray(spwArray)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("ShortPairWrapper array should be flat");
+        }
+
+        if (!ValueClass.isFlatArray(bpwwArray)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("BytePairWrapperWrapper array should be flat");
         }
 
         // Ensure archived arrays are restored properly
-        Integer[] runtimeIntArray = new Integer[3];
-        runtimeIntArray[0] = new Integer(0);
-        runtimeIntArray[1] = new Integer(1);
-        runtimeIntArray[2] = new Integer(2);
-
-        CharPair[] runtimeCharPairArray = new CharPair[3];
-        runtimeCharPairArray[0] = new CharPair('a', 'b');
-        runtimeCharPairArray[1] = new CharPair('c', 'd');
-        runtimeCharPairArray[2] = new CharPair('e', 'f');
-
-        Wrapper[] runtimeWrapperArray = new Wrapper[3];
-        runtimeWrapperArray[0] = new Wrapper(0);
-        runtimeWrapperArray[1] = new Wrapper(1);
-        runtimeWrapperArray[2] = new Wrapper(2);
-
-        if (Arrays.compare(intArray, runtimeIntArray) != 0) {
+        Integer[] runtime_intArray = new Integer[3];
+        runtime_intArray[0] = new Integer(0);
+        runtime_intArray[1] = new Integer(1);
+        runtime_intArray[2] = new Integer(2);
+
+        CharPair[] runtime_charPairArray = new CharPair[3];
+        runtime_charPairArray[0] = new CharPair('a', 'b');
+        runtime_charPairArray[1] = new CharPair('c', 'd');
+        runtime_charPairArray[2] = new CharPair('e', 'f');
+
+        IntegerWrapper[] runtime_integerWrapperArray = new IntegerWrapper[3];
+        runtime_integerWrapperArray[0] = new IntegerWrapper(0);
+        runtime_integerWrapperArray[1] = new IntegerWrapper(1);
+        runtime_integerWrapperArray[2] = new IntegerWrapper(2);
+
+        ShortPairWrapper[] runtime_spwArray = new ShortPairWrapper[3];
+        runtime_spwArray[0] = new ShortPairWrapper(0, 1);
+        runtime_spwArray[1] = new ShortPairWrapper(2, 3);
+        runtime_spwArray[2] = new ShortPairWrapper(4, 5);
+
+        BytePairWrapperWrapper[] runtime_bpwwArray = new BytePairWrapperWrapper[3];
+        runtime_bpwwArray[0] = new BytePairWrapperWrapper(0, 1);
+        runtime_bpwwArray[1] = new BytePairWrapperWrapper(2, 3);
+        runtime_bpwwArray[2] = new BytePairWrapperWrapper(4, 5);
+
+        if (Arrays.compare(intArray, runtime_intArray) != 0) {
             throw new RuntimeException("Integer array not restored correctly");
         }
 
-        if (Arrays.compare(charPairArray, runtimeCharPairArray) != 0) {
+        if (Arrays.compare(charPairArray, runtime_charPairArray) != 0) {
             throw new RuntimeException("CharPair array not restored correctly");
         }
 
-        if (Arrays.compare(wrapperArray, runtimeWrapperArray) != 0) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("Wrapper array not restored correctly");
+        if (Arrays.compare(integerWrapperArray, runtime_integerWrapperArray) != 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("IntegerWrapper array not restored correctly");
+        }
+
+        if (Arrays.compare(spwArray, runtime_spwArray) != 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("ShortPairWrapper array not restored correctly");
+        }
+
+        if (Arrays.compare(bpwwArray, runtime_bpwwArray) != 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("BytePairWrapperWrapper array not restored correctly");
+        }
+
+        if (runMode.equals("PRODUCTION")) {
+            ValueClassHelper.assertAOTInited_BytePair();
+            ValueClassHelper.assertAOTInited_BytePairWrapper();
+            ValueClassHelper.assertAOTInited_BytePairWrapperWrapper();
+            ValueClassHelper.assertAOTInited_CharPair();
+            ValueClassHelper.assertAOTInited_IntegerWrapper();
+            ValueClassHelper.assertAOTInited_ShortPair();
+            ValueClassHelper.assertAOTInited_ShortPairWrapper();
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/FlattenedFieldTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/FlattenedFieldTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..471598c27ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCache/FlattenedFieldTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test Test AOT-cached flattened fields
+ * @requires vm.cds.supports.aot.class.linking
+ * @requires vm.debug
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @library /test/jdk/lib/testlibrary /test/lib /test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @build FlattenedFieldTest
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar
+ *             FlattenedFieldTestApp
+ *             MyAOTInitedClass
+ *             valueclasses.BytePair
+ *             valueclasses.BytePairWrapper
+ *             valueclasses.BytePairWrapperWrapper
+ *             valueclasses.CharPair
+ *             valueclasses.ShortPair
+ *             valueclasses.ShortPairWrapper
+ *             valueclasses.ValueClassHelper
+ * @run driver FlattenedFieldTest AOT --two-step-training
+ */
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+import jdk.test.lib.cds.CDSAppTester;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller;
+import jdk.test.lib.StringArrayUtils;
+
+// From ../test-classes/
+import valueclasses.BytePair;
+import valueclasses.BytePairWrapper;
+import valueclasses.BytePairWrapperWrapper;
+import valueclasses.CharPair;
+import valueclasses.ShortPair;
+import valueclasses.ShortPairWrapper;
+import valueclasses.ValueClassHelper;
+
+public class FlattenedFieldTest {
+    static final String appJar = ClassFileInstaller.getJarPath("app.jar");
+    static final String mainClass = FlattenedFieldTestApp.class.getName();
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        new Tester().run(args);
+    }
+
+    static class Tester extends CDSAppTester {
+        public Tester() {
+            super(mainClass);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String classpath(RunMode runMode) {
+            return appJar;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String[] vmArgs(RunMode runMode) {
+            String args[] = StringArrayUtils.concat("--enable-preview",
+                                                    "--add-exports",
+                                                    "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED");
+            if (runMode == RunMode.ASSEMBLY) {
+                args = StringArrayUtils.concat(args,
+                                               "-Xlog:aot+class=debug",
+                                               "-XX:AOTInitTestClass=MyAOTInitedClass");
+            }
+
+            return args;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String[] appCommandLine(RunMode runMode) {
+            return new String[] {
+                mainClass,
+                runMode.toString(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void checkExecution(OutputAnalyzer out, RunMode runMode) throws Exception {
+            if (runMode == RunMode.TRAINING) {
+                out.shouldContain("Y = 123");
+            } else if (runMode == RunMode.ASSEMBLY) {
+                out.shouldMatch("klasses.* app .*MyAOTInitedClass .* inited");
+                out.shouldMatch("klasses.* app .*BytePair .* inited");
+                out.shouldMatch("klasses.* app .*BytePairWrapper .* inited");
+                out.shouldMatch("klasses.* app .*BytePairWrapperWrapper .* inited");
+                out.shouldMatch("klasses.* app .*CharPair .* inited");
+                out.shouldMatch("klasses.* app .*ShortPair .* inited");
+                out.shouldMatch("klasses.* app .*ShortPairWrapper .* inited");
+            } else if (runMode == RunMode.PRODUCTION) {
+                out.shouldContain("Y = 45");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// NOTE: this class is NOT aot-initialized.
+class FlattenedFieldTestApp {
+    static int X = 45;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        X = 123;
+        MyAOTInitedClass.test(args[0]);
+    }
+}
+
+// This class is stored in the AOT cache in the initialized state.
+class MyAOTInitedClass {
+    // Note that when MyAOTInitedClass is initialized in the assembly run, FlattenedFieldTestApp.main()
+    // is not executed, so the cached value of MyAOTInitedClass.Y will be 45;
+    static int Y = FlattenedFieldTestApp.X;
+
+    static CharPair cp = new CharPair('a', 'b');
+    static ShortPairWrapper spw = new ShortPairWrapper(2, 3);
+    static BytePairWrapperWrapper bpww = new BytePairWrapperWrapper(4, 5);
+
+    static void test(String runMode) {
+        System.out.println("Y = " + Y);
+        if (runMode.equals("PRODUCTION") && Y != 45) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("MyAOTInitedClass must be AOT-inited");
+        }
+
+        CharPair runtime_cp = new CharPair('a', 'b');
+        ShortPairWrapper runtime_spw = new ShortPairWrapper(2, 3);
+        BytePairWrapperWrapper runtime_bpww = new BytePairWrapperWrapper(4, 5);
+
+        if (runtime_cp.compareTo(cp) != 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("CharPair not restored correctly");
+        }
+
+        if (runtime_spw.compareTo(spw) != 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("ShortPairWrapper not restored correctly");
+        }
+
+        if (runtime_bpww.compareTo(bpww) != 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("BytePairWrapperWrapper not not restored correctly");
+        }
+
+        if (runMode.equals("PRODUCTION")) {
+            ValueClassHelper.assertAOTInited_BytePair();
+            ValueClassHelper.assertAOTInited_BytePairWrapper();
+            ValueClassHelper.assertAOTInited_BytePairWrapperWrapper();
+            ValueClassHelper.assertAOTInited_CharPair();
+            ValueClassHelper.assertAOTInited_ShortPairWrapper();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/BytePair.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/BytePair.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b0ecef96851
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/BytePair.java
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package valueclasses;
+
+public value class BytePair implements Comparable<BytePair> {
+    static {
+        ValueClassHelper.clinit_called_for_BytePair = true;
+    }
+    byte b0, b1;
+
+    public String toString() {
+        return "(" + b0 + ", " + b1 + ")";
+    }
+
+    public int compareTo(BytePair o) {
+        int n = b0 - o.b0;
+        if (n != n) {
+            return n;
+        } else {
+            return (b1 - o.b1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public BytePair(int b0, int b1) {
+        this.b0 = (byte)b0;
+        this.b1 = (byte)b1;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/BytePairWrapper.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/BytePairWrapper.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fdd342a56ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/BytePairWrapper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package valueclasses;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+public value class BytePairWrapper implements Comparable<BytePairWrapper> {
+    static {
+        ValueClassHelper.clinit_called_for_BytePairWrapper = true;
+    }
+    @NullRestricted
+    BytePair bp;
+
+    public String toString() {
+        return "Wrapping {" + bp.toString() + "}";
+    }
+
+    public int compareTo(BytePairWrapper other) {
+        return bp.compareTo(other.bp);
+    }
+
+    public BytePairWrapper(int b0, int b1) {
+        bp = new BytePair(b0, b1);
+        super();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/BytePairWrapperWrapper.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/BytePairWrapperWrapper.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9769d7a72fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/BytePairWrapperWrapper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package valueclasses;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+public value class BytePairWrapperWrapper implements Comparable<BytePairWrapperWrapper> {
+    static {
+        ValueClassHelper.clinit_called_for_BytePairWrapperWrapper = true;
+    }
+    @NullRestricted
+    BytePairWrapper bpw;
+
+    public String toString() {
+        return "Wrapping {" + bpw.toString() + "}";
+    }
+
+    public int compareTo(BytePairWrapperWrapper other) {
+        return bpw.compareTo(other.bpw);
+    }
+
+    public BytePairWrapperWrapper(int b0, int b1) {
+        bpw = new BytePairWrapper(b0, b1);
+        super();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/CharPair.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/CharPair.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b87df18d4e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/CharPair.java
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package valueclasses;
+
+public value class CharPair implements Comparable<CharPair> {
+    static {
+        ValueClassHelper.clinit_called_for_CharPair = true;
+    }
+    char c0, c1;
+
+    public String toString() {
+        return "(" + c0 + ", " + c1 + ")";
+    }
+
+    public int compareTo(CharPair o) {
+        int n = c0 - o.c0;
+        if (n != n) {
+            return n;
+        } else {
+            return (c1 - o.c1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public CharPair(char c0, char c1) {
+        this.c0 = c0;
+        this.c1 = c1;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/IntegerWrapper.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/IntegerWrapper.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..942a821fa33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/IntegerWrapper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package valueclasses;
+
+public value class IntegerWrapper implements Comparable<IntegerWrapper> {
+    static {
+        ValueClassHelper.clinit_called_for_IntegerWrapper = true;
+    }
+    Integer i;
+
+    public String toString() {
+        return i.toString();
+    }
+
+    public int compareTo(IntegerWrapper o) {
+        return i - o.i;
+    }
+
+    public IntegerWrapper(int i) {
+        this.i = new Integer(i);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/ShortPair.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/ShortPair.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..42c010d4fc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/ShortPair.java
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package valueclasses;
+
+public value class ShortPair implements Comparable<ShortPair> {
+    static {
+        ValueClassHelper.clinit_called_for_ShortPair = true;
+    }
+    short s0, s1;
+
+    public String toString() {
+        return "(" + s0 + ", " + s1 + ")";
+    }
+
+    public int compareTo(ShortPair o) {
+        int n = s0 - o.s0;
+        if (n != n) {
+            return n;
+        } else {
+            return (s1 - o.s1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public ShortPair(int s0, int s1) {
+        this.s0 = (short)s0;
+        this.s1 = (short)s1;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/ShortPairWrapper.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/ShortPairWrapper.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2652c0c6ecd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/ShortPairWrapper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package valueclasses;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+public value class ShortPairWrapper implements Comparable<ShortPairWrapper> {
+    static {
+        ValueClassHelper.clinit_called_for_ShortPairWrapper = true;
+    }
+    @NullRestricted
+    ShortPair sp;
+
+    public String toString() {
+        return "ShortPair: " + sp.toString();
+    }
+
+    public int compareTo(ShortPairWrapper other) {
+        return sp.compareTo(other.sp);
+    }
+
+    public ShortPairWrapper(int s0, int s1) {
+        sp = new ShortPair((short)s0, (short)s1);
+        super();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/ValueClassHelper.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/ValueClassHelper.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c442caefba0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/test-classes/valueclasses/ValueClassHelper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package valueclasses;
+
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.NullRestricted;
+
+public class ValueClassHelper {
+    static boolean clinit_called_for_BytePair;
+    static boolean clinit_called_for_BytePairWrapper;
+    static boolean clinit_called_for_BytePairWrapperWrapper;
+    static boolean clinit_called_for_CharPair;
+    static boolean clinit_called_for_IntegerWrapper;
+    static boolean clinit_called_for_ShortPair;
+    static boolean clinit_called_for_ShortPairWrapper;
+
+    public static void assertAOTInited_BytePair() {
+        new BytePair(1, 2);
+        if (clinit_called_for_BytePair == true) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("BytePair.<clinit> must not execute, as this clas should be AOT-initialized");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void assertAOTInited_BytePairWrapper() {
+        new BytePairWrapper(1, 2);
+        if (clinit_called_for_BytePairWrapper == true) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("BytePairWrapper.<clinit> must not execute, as this clas should be AOT-initialized");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void assertAOTInited_BytePairWrapperWrapper() {
+        new BytePairWrapperWrapper(1, 2);
+        if (clinit_called_for_BytePairWrapperWrapper == true) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("BytePairWrapperWrapper.<clinit> must not execute, as this clas should be AOT-initialized");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void assertAOTInited_CharPair() {
+        new CharPair('a', 'b');
+        if (clinit_called_for_CharPair == true) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("CharPair.<clinit> must not execute, as this clas should be AOT-initialized");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void assertAOTInited_ShortPair() {
+        new ShortPair((short)0, (short)1);
+        if (clinit_called_for_ShortPair == true) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("ShortPair.<clinit> must not execute, as this clas should be AOT-initialized");
+        }
+     }
+
+    public static void assertAOTInited_IntegerWrapper() {
+        new IntegerWrapper(0);
+        if (clinit_called_for_IntegerWrapper == true) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("IntegerWrapper.<clinit> must not execute, as this clas should be AOT-initialized");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void assertAOTInited_ShortPairWrapper() {
+        new ShortPairWrapper(0, 1);
+        if (clinit_called_for_ShortPairWrapper == true) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("ShortPairWrapper.<clinit> must not execute, as this clas should be AOT-initialized");
+        }
+    }
+
+}

From f720c3671a2e09b7ed01cea96872deff59e7faf2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Xin Liu <xliu@openjdk.org>
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 22:04:40 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 670/707] 8390266: Avoid static for the template function in
 headers

Reviewed-by: jsjolen, coleenp, manc, jiangli
---
 .../share/jfr/recorder/storage/jfrStorageUtils.inline.hpp  | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/jfr/support/jfrJdkJfrEvent.cpp           | 7 +------
 src/hotspot/share/oops/accessBackend.hpp                   | 4 ++--
 src/hotspot/share/oops/metadata.hpp                        | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp          | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/utilities/parseInteger.hpp               | 4 ++--
 6 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/storage/jfrStorageUtils.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/storage/jfrStorageUtils.inline.hpp
index 663ce3acd53..ac61b05c4ac 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/storage/jfrStorageUtils.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/recorder/storage/jfrStorageUtils.inline.hpp
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ inline bool MutexedWriteOp<Operation>::process(typename Operation::Type* t) {
 }
 
 template <typename Type>
-static void retired_sensitive_acquire(Type* t, Thread* thread) {
+inline void retired_sensitive_acquire(Type* t, Thread* thread) {
   assert(t != nullptr, "invariant");
   assert(thread != nullptr, "invariant");
   assert(thread == Thread::current(), "invariant");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/support/jfrJdkJfrEvent.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/support/jfrJdkJfrEvent.cpp
index ff1f4cdd398..0e7f706b210 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/jfr/support/jfrJdkJfrEvent.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/jfr/support/jfrJdkJfrEvent.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -49,11 +49,6 @@ static oop new_java_util_arraylist(TRAPS) {
 
 static const int initial_array_size = 64;
 
-template <typename T>
-static GrowableArray<T>* c_heap_allocate_array(int size = initial_array_size) {
-  return new (mtTracing) GrowableArray<T>(size, mtTracing);
-}
-
 static bool initialize(TRAPS) {
   static bool initialized = false;
   if (!initialized) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/accessBackend.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/accessBackend.hpp
index 368abc7ef25..a32cf48948f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/accessBackend.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/accessBackend.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -1133,7 +1133,7 @@ namespace AccessInternal {
   // that the passed in types make sense.
 
   template <DecoratorSet decorators, typename T>
-  static void verify_types(){
+  inline void verify_types(){
     // If this fails to compile, then you have sent in something that is
     // not recognized as a valid primitive type to a primitive Access function.
     STATIC_ASSERT((HasDecorator<decorators, INTERNAL_VALUE_IS_OOP>::value || // oops have already been validated
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/oops/metadata.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/oops/metadata.hpp
index bd3f17fa3f4..819e23f97a2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/oops/metadata.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/oops/metadata.hpp
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ class Metadata : public MetaspaceObj {
 };
 
 template <typename M>
-static void print_on_maybe_null(outputStream* st, const char* str, const M* m) {
+inline void print_on_maybe_null(outputStream* st, const char* str, const M* m) {
   if (nullptr != m) {
     st->print_raw(str);
     m->print_value_on(st);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp
index 4de462a1287..1198713619d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp
@@ -1207,7 +1207,7 @@ inline int build_int_from_shorts( u2 low, u2 high ) {
 }
 
 // swap a & b
-template<class T> static void swap(T& a, T& b) {
+template<class T> inline void swap(T& a, T& b) {
   T tmp = a;
   a = b;
   b = tmp;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/parseInteger.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/parseInteger.hpp
index 3fc2f62a19f..30e0d45d1cf 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/parseInteger.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/parseInteger.hpp
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ inline bool multiply_by_1k(T& n) {
 // Example: "1024M:oom" will yield true, result=1G, endptr pointing to ":oom"
 
 template<typename T>
-static bool parse_integer(const char *s, char **endptr, T* result) {
+inline bool parse_integer(const char *s, char **endptr, T* result) {
 
   if (!isdigit(s[0]) && s[0] != '-') {
     // strtoll/strtoull may allow leading spaces. Forbid it.
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ static bool parse_integer(const char *s, char **endptr, T* result) {
 // characters. No remainder are allowed here.
 // Example: "100m" - okay, "100m:oom" -> not okay
 template<typename T>
-static bool parse_integer(const char *s, T* result) {
+inline bool parse_integer(const char *s, T* result) {
   char* remainder;
   bool rc = parse_integer(s, &remainder, result);
   rc = rc && (*remainder == '\0');

From 3dcc9e750b68f9e841a9ac1ce70d13dce1ce10f8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alan Bateman <alanb@openjdk.org>
Date: Sat, 22 Aug 2026 06:20:39 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 671/707] 8389968: (dc) DatagramChannel.open() attempts to
 disable IPPROTO_IPV6/IP_MULTICAST_ALL (lnx)

Reviewed-by: michaelm
---
 src/java.base/unix/native/libnio/ch/Net.c | 28 +++++++----------------
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/unix/native/libnio/ch/Net.c b/src/java.base/unix/native/libnio/ch/Net.c
index fe0866027f2..0779294cdae 100644
--- a/src/java.base/unix/native/libnio/ch/Net.c
+++ b/src/java.base/unix/native/libnio/ch/Net.c
@@ -299,11 +299,10 @@ Java_sun_nio_ch_Net_socket0(JNIEnv *env, jclass cl, jboolean preferIPv6,
     }
 
 #if defined(__linux__)
-    if (type == SOCK_DGRAM) {
+    /* IPv4 or IPv6 datagram socket: disable IP_MULTICAST_ALL (Linux 2.6.31) */
+    if (type == SOCK_DGRAM && ipv4_available()) {
         int arg = 0;
-        int level = (domain == AF_INET6) ? IPPROTO_IPV6 : IPPROTO_IP;
-        if ((setsockopt(fd, level, IP_MULTICAST_ALL, (char*)&arg, sizeof(arg)) < 0) &&
-            (errno != ENOPROTOOPT)) {
+        if ((setsockopt(fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_ALL, (char*)&arg, sizeof(arg)) < 0)) {
             JNU_ThrowByNameWithLastError(env,
                                          JNU_JAVANETPKG "SocketException",
                                          "Unable to set IP_MULTICAST_ALL");
@@ -312,25 +311,14 @@ Java_sun_nio_ch_Net_socket0(JNIEnv *env, jclass cl, jboolean preferIPv6,
         }
     }
 
-    if (domain == AF_INET6 && type == SOCK_DGRAM) {
-        /* By default, Linux uses the route default */
-        int arg = 1;
-        if (setsockopt(fd, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS, &arg,
-                       sizeof(arg)) < 0) {
-            JNU_ThrowByNameWithLastError(env,
-                                         JNU_JAVANETPKG "SocketException",
-                                         "Unable to set IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS");
-            close(fd);
-            return -1;
-        }
-
-        /* Disable IPV6_MULTICAST_ALL if option supported */
-        arg = 0;
+    /* IPv6 datagram socket: disable IPV6_MULTICAST_ALL (Linux 4.20) if supported */
+    if (type == SOCK_DGRAM && domain == AF_INET6) {
+        int arg = 0;
         if ((setsockopt(fd, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_MULTICAST_ALL, (char*)&arg, sizeof(arg)) < 0) &&
             (errno != ENOPROTOOPT)) {
             JNU_ThrowByNameWithLastError(env,
-                                     JNU_JAVANETPKG "SocketException",
-                                     "Unable to set IPV6_MULTICAST_ALL");
+                                         JNU_JAVANETPKG "SocketException",
+                                         "Unable to set IPV6_MULTICAST_ALL");
             close(fd);
             return -1;
         }

From 3e3b06dbb07cc74076d1674dd2abc5540d600d3c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Richard Reingruber <rrich@openjdk.org>
Date: Sat, 22 Aug 2026 10:34:06 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 672/707] 8390370: [Valhalla] PPC64 C1
 LIR_Assembler::emit_alloc_array() doesn't check
 LIR_OpAllocArray::always_slow_path()

Reviewed-by: mdoerr
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.cpp | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.cpp
index 8f2eb05cbd5..d6051da562a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/c1_LIRAssembler_ppc.cpp
@@ -2250,7 +2250,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_alloc_obj(LIR_OpAllocObj* op) {
 
 void LIR_Assembler::emit_alloc_array(LIR_OpAllocArray* op) {
   LP64_ONLY( __ extsw(op->len()->as_register(), op->len()->as_register()); )
-  if (UseSlowPath ||
+  if (UseSlowPath || op->always_slow_path() ||
       (!UseFastNewObjectArray && (is_reference_type(op->type()))) ||
       (!UseFastNewTypeArray   && (!is_reference_type(op->type())))) {
     __ b(*op->stub()->entry());

From 921ea73d0c4b0b7ee55fc2aa9be25059cd70d6f0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dingli Zhang <dzhang@openjdk.org>
Date: Sun, 23 Aug 2026 01:12:16 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 673/707] 8390614: RISC-V: Support VerifyOops for AOT caching
 stub and code

Reviewed-by: adinn, fyang, kvn
---
 .../gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp   | 17 ++++++--
 .../shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp   | 22 ++++++++--
 .../riscv/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp | 17 ++++++--
 .../cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp        | 43 ++++++++++++-------
 4 files changed, 73 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
index 2139ffd5234..f0f5abbfcaf 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
+#include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetAssembler.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSetNMethod.hpp"
@@ -372,10 +373,20 @@ void BarrierSetAssembler::c2i_entry_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm) {
 }
 
 void BarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Label& error) {
+  assert_different_registers(obj, tmp1, tmp2);
   // Check if the oop is in the right area of memory
-  __ mv(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_mask());
-  __ andr(tmp1, obj, tmp2);
-  __ mv(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_bits());
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+  if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
+    __ ld(tmp2, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::verify_oop_mask_address()));
+    __ andr(tmp1, obj, tmp2);
+    __ ld(tmp2, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::verify_oop_bits_address()));
+  } else
+#endif
+  {
+    __ mv(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_mask());
+    __ andr(tmp1, obj, tmp2);
+    __ mv(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_bits());
+  }
 
   // Compare tmp1 and tmp2.
   __ bne(tmp1, tmp2, error);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
index 647846d523b..03841fa48cb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/heuristics/shenandoahHeuristics.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/mode/shenandoahMode.hpp"
 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBarrierSet.hpp"
@@ -219,11 +220,14 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::load_reference_barrier(MacroAssembler* masm,
 
   // Test for in-cset
   if (is_strong) {
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
     if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
       __ ld(t1, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::cset_base_address()));
       __ lwu(t0, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::grain_shift_address()));
       __ srl(t0, x10, t0);
-    } else {
+    } else
+#endif
+    {
       __ mv(t1, ShenandoahHeap::in_cset_fast_test_addr());
       __ srli(t0, x10, ShenandoahHeapRegion::region_size_bytes_shift_jint());
     }
@@ -440,10 +444,20 @@ void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::try_peek_weak_handle_in_nmethod(MacroAssembl
 }
 
 void ShenandoahBarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Label& L_error) {
+  assert_different_registers(obj, tmp1, tmp2);
   // Check if the oop is in the right area of memory
-  __ mv(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_mask());
-  __ andr(tmp1, obj, tmp2);
-  __ mv(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_bits());
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+  if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
+    __ ld(tmp2, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::verify_oop_mask_address()));
+    __ andr(tmp1, obj, tmp2);
+    __ ld(tmp2, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::verify_oop_bits_address()));
+  } else
+#endif
+  {
+    __ mv(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_mask());
+    __ andr(tmp1, obj, tmp2);
+    __ mv(tmp2, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_bits());
+  }
 
   // Compare tmp1 and tmp2.
   __ bne(tmp1, tmp2, L_error);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
index 143a7e76591..9fbc59fe5ce 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/gc/z/zBarrierSetAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "asm/macroAssembler.inline.hpp"
+#include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
 #include "code/codeBlob.hpp"
 #include "code/vmreg.inline.hpp"
 #include "gc/z/zAddress.hpp"
@@ -1007,6 +1008,7 @@ void ZBarrierSetAssembler::generate_c1_store_barrier_stub(LIR_Assembler* ce,
 #define __ masm->
 
 void ZBarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Register tmp1, Register tmp2, Label& error) {
+  assert_different_registers(obj, tmp1, tmp2);
   // C1 calls verify_oop in the middle of barriers, before they have been uncolored
   // and after being colored. Therefore, we must deal with colored oops as well.
   Label done;
@@ -1044,9 +1046,18 @@ void ZBarrierSetAssembler::check_oop(MacroAssembler* masm, Register obj, Registe
 
   __ bind(check_zaddress);
   // Check if the oop is the right area of memory
-  __ mv(tmp1, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_mask());
-  __ andr(tmp1, tmp1, obj);
-  __ mv(obj, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_bits());
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+  if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump()) {
+    __ ld(tmp1, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::verify_oop_mask_address()));
+    __ andr(tmp1, tmp1, obj);
+    __ ld(obj, ExternalAddress(AOTRuntimeConstants::verify_oop_bits_address()));
+  } else
+#endif
+  {
+    __ mv(tmp1, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_mask());
+    __ andr(tmp1, tmp1, obj);
+    __ mv(obj, (intptr_t) Universe::verify_oop_bits());
+  }
   __ bne(tmp1, obj, error);
 
   __ bind(done);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
index 15d853f919b..b245f2650eb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "asm/assembler.inline.hpp"
 #include "cds/archiveBuilder.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
+#include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
 #include "code/compiledIC.hpp"
 #include "compiler/disassembler.hpp"
 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
@@ -523,20 +524,25 @@ void MacroAssembler::_verify_oop(Register reg, const char* s, const char* file,
     ResourceMark rm;
     stringStream ss;
     ss.print("verify_oop: %s: %s (%s:%d)", reg->name(), s, file, line);
-    b = code_string(ss.as_string());
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+    if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump() && !code_section()->scratch_emit()) {
+      // This will duplicate string to preserve it.
+      b = AOTCodeCache::add_C_string(ss.as_string());
+    } else
+#endif
+    {
+      b = code_string(ss.as_string());
+    }
   }
   BLOCK_COMMENT("verify_oop {");
 
   push_reg(RegSet::of(ra, t0, t1, c_rarg0), sp);
 
   mv(c_rarg0, reg); // c_rarg0 : x10
-  {
-    // The length of the instruction sequence emitted should not depend
-    // on the address of the char buffer so that the size of mach nodes for
-    // scratch emit and normal emit matches.
-    IncompressibleScope scope(this); // Fixed length
-    movptr(t0, (address) b);
-  }
+  // The length of the instruction sequence emitted should not depend
+  // on the address of the char buffer so that the size of mach nodes for
+  // scratch emit and normal emit matches.
+  la(t0, ExternalAddress((address)b));
 
   // Call indirectly to solve generation ordering problem
   ld(t1, RuntimeAddress(StubRoutines::verify_oop_subroutine_entry_address()));
@@ -709,7 +715,15 @@ void MacroAssembler::_verify_oop_addr(Address addr, const char* s, const char* f
     ResourceMark rm;
     stringStream ss;
     ss.print("verify_oop_addr: %s (%s:%d)", s, file, line);
-    b = code_string(ss.as_string());
+#if INCLUDE_CDS
+    if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump() && !code_section()->scratch_emit()) {
+      // This will duplicate string to preserve it.
+      b = AOTCodeCache::add_C_string(ss.as_string());
+    } else
+#endif
+    {
+      b = code_string(ss.as_string());
+    }
   }
   BLOCK_COMMENT("verify_oop_addr {");
 
@@ -722,13 +736,10 @@ void MacroAssembler::_verify_oop_addr(Address addr, const char* s, const char* f
     ld(x10, addr);
   }
 
-  {
-    // The length of the instruction sequence emitted should not depend
-    // on the address of the char buffer so that the size of mach nodes for
-    // scratch emit and normal emit matches.
-    IncompressibleScope scope(this); // Fixed length
-    movptr(t0, (address) b);
-  }
+  // The length of the instruction sequence emitted should not depend
+  // on the address of the char buffer so that the size of mach nodes for
+  // scratch emit and normal emit matches.
+  la(t0, ExternalAddress((address)b));
 
   // Call indirectly to solve generation ordering problem
   ld(t1, RuntimeAddress(StubRoutines::verify_oop_subroutine_entry_address()));

From d1562ff2d8303d32a6603c85039b99ff798affdb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Quan Anh Mai <qamai@openjdk.org>
Date: Sun, 23 Aug 2026 11:00:22 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 674/707] 8370914: C2: Reimplement Type::meet and Type::join

Co-authored-by: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: thartmann, chagedorn, dlong, mchevalier
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/addnode.cpp            |   13 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp           |    9 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp            |   10 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp            |    4 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp           |   76 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp       |    2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp            |   17 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp             |   37 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/rangeinference.cpp     |   75 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/rangeinference.hpp     |    5 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/subnode.cpp            |    5 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/type.cpp               | 2924 ++++++-----------
 src/hotspot/share/opto/type.hpp               |  318 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/typejavaptr.hpp        |  818 +++++
 .../share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp     |    2 +-
 test/hotspot/gtest/opto/test_typejavaptr.cpp  | 2003 +++++++++++
 .../compiler/types/TestMeetInstanceId.java    |   63 +
 .../types/TestSameArrayDifferentViews.java    |   54 +
 .../inlinetypes/TestNullableArrays.java       |    2 +-
 19 files changed, 4181 insertions(+), 2256 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/hotspot/share/opto/typejavaptr.hpp
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/gtest/opto/test_typejavaptr.cpp
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/types/TestMeetInstanceId.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/types/TestSameArrayDifferentViews.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/addnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/addnode.cpp
index ebb41e552a2..31fcc46e0cb 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/addnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/addnode.cpp
@@ -852,11 +852,14 @@ const Type *AddPNode::bottom_type() const {
   if (in(Address) == nullptr)  return TypePtr::BOTTOM;
   const TypePtr *tp = in(Address)->bottom_type()->isa_ptr();
   if( !tp ) return Type::TOP;   // TOP input means TOP output
-  assert( in(Offset)->Opcode() != Op_ConP, "" );
-  const Type *t = in(Offset)->bottom_type();
-  if( t == Type::TOP )
-    return tp->add_offset(Type::OffsetTop);
-  const TypeX *tx = t->is_intptr_t();
+
+  assert(in(Offset)->Opcode() != Op_ConP, "");
+  const Type* t = in(Offset)->bottom_type();
+  if (t == Type::TOP) {
+    return Type::TOP;
+  }
+
+  const TypeX* tx = t->is_intptr_t();
   intptr_t txoffset = Type::OffsetBot;
   if (tx->is_con()) {   // Left input is an add of a constant?
     txoffset = tx->get_con();
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp
index c10f5b2eb30..472780bb96d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/castnode.cpp
@@ -204,6 +204,11 @@ TypeNode* ConstraintCastNode::dominating_cast(PhaseGVN* gvn, PhaseTransform* pt)
 
 bool ConstraintCastNode::higher_equal_types(PhaseGVN* phase, const Node* other) const {
   const Type* t = phase->type(other);
+  if ((t->isa_rawptr() && (type()->isa_oopptr() || type()->isa_klassptr())) ||
+      ((t->isa_oopptr() || t->isa_klassptr()) && type()->isa_rawptr())) {
+    assert(is_CheckCastPP(), "unrelated types from %s", Name());
+    return false;
+  }
   if (!t->higher_equal_speculative(type())) {
     return false;
   }
@@ -224,6 +229,10 @@ Node* ConstraintCastNode::pin_node_under_control_impl() const {
 
 Node* ConstraintCastNode::ideal_cast_of_inline_type_node(PhaseGVN* phase) {
   InlineTypeNode* vt = in(1)->as_InlineType();
+  if (type()->isa_rawptr() != nullptr) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
   const Type* join = vt->type()->filter(type());
   if (join == Type::TOP) {
     // Do not push a dead Cast since its type can be unrelated
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
index 6ad48eda201..dc457ca4b3b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
@@ -1442,7 +1442,7 @@ const TypePtr *Compile::flatten_alias_type( const TypePtr *tj ) const {
     }
 
     // Remove size and stability
-    const TypeAry* normalized_ary = TypeAry::make(ta->elem(), TypeInt::POS, false, ta->is_flat(), ta->is_not_flat(), ta->is_not_null_free(), ta->is_atomic());
+    const TypeAry* normalized_ary = TypeAry::make(ta->elem(), TypeInt::POS, false, ta->is_flat(), ta->is_not_flat(), ta->is_null_free(), ta->is_not_null_free(), ta->is_atomic());
     // Remove ptr, const_oop, and offset
     if (ta->elem() == Type::BOTTOM) {
       // Bottom array (meet of int[] and byte[] for example), accesses to it will be done with
@@ -1465,7 +1465,7 @@ const TypePtr *Compile::flatten_alias_type( const TypePtr *tj ) const {
 
     // All arrays of references share the same slice
     if (!ta->is_flat() && ta->elem()->make_oopptr() != nullptr) {
-      const TypeAry* tary = TypeAry::make(TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM, TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, true, true);
+      const TypeAry* tary = TypeAry::make(TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM, TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, false, true, true);
       tj = ta = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, nullptr, tary, nullptr, false, Type::Offset::bottom);
     }
 
@@ -1726,7 +1726,7 @@ Compile::AliasType* Compile::find_alias_type(const TypePtr* adr_type, bool no_cr
            Type::str(adr_type), Type::str(flat), Type::str(flatten_alias_type(flat)));
     assert(flat != TypePtr::BOTTOM, "cannot alias-analyze an untyped ptr: adr_type = %s",
            Type::str(adr_type));
-    if (flat->isa_oopptr() && !flat->isa_klassptr()) {
+    if (flat->isa_instptr()) {
       const TypeOopPtr* foop = flat->is_oopptr();
       // Scalarizable allocations have exact klass always.
       bool exact = !foop->klass_is_exact() || foop->is_known_instance();
@@ -6072,10 +6072,10 @@ void Compile::igv_print_graph_to_network(const char* name, GrowableArray<const N
 
 Node* Compile::narrow_value(BasicType bt, Node* value, const Type* type, PhaseGVN* phase, bool transform_res) {
   precond(type != nullptr);
-
-  if (phase->type(value)->higher_equal(type)) {
+  if (type->base() == Type::Int && phase->type(value)->higher_equal(type)) {
     return value;
   }
+
   Node* result = nullptr;
   if (bt == T_BYTE) {
     result = phase->transform(new LShiftINode(value, phase->intcon(24)));
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp
index f3189b6ba40..f931deaad34 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.hpp
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ class InlineTypeNode;
 class nmethod;
 class Node_Stack;
 struct Final_Reshape_Counts;
-class VerifyMeetResult;
+class VerifyMeetJoinResult;
 
 enum LoopOptsMode {
   LoopOptsDefault,
@@ -1392,7 +1392,7 @@ class Compile : public Phase {
   bool needs_clinit_barrier(ciInstanceKlass* ik, ciMethod* accessing_method);
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
-  VerifyMeetResult* _type_verify;
+  VerifyMeetJoinResult* _type_verify;
   void set_exception_backedge() { _exception_backedge = true; }
   bool has_exception_backedge() const { return _exception_backedge; }
 #endif
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp
index a2da4efa2a1..81b9fa50166 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/graphKit.cpp
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@
 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 #include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
 #include "utilities/bitMap.inline.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 #include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
 
@@ -3976,6 +3977,15 @@ Node* GraphKit::flat_array_test(Node* array_or_klass, bool flat) {
 }
 
 Node* GraphKit::null_free_array_test(Node* array, bool null_free) {
+  const TypeAryPtr* array_type = gvn().type(array)->isa_aryptr();
+  if (array_type != nullptr) {
+    if (array_type->is_null_free()) {
+      return intcon(null_free);
+    } else if (array_type->is_not_null_free()) {
+      return intcon(!null_free);
+    }
+  }
+
   return mark_word_test(array, markWord::null_free_array_bit_in_place, null_free);
 }
 
@@ -3988,6 +3998,15 @@ Node* GraphKit::null_free_atomic_array_test(Node* array, ciInlineKlass* vk) {
     return intcon(0); // Never atomic
   }
 
+  const TypeAryPtr* array_type = gvn().type(array)->isa_aryptr();
+  if (array_type != nullptr) {
+    if (array_type->is_atomic()) {
+      return intcon(1);
+    } else if (array_type->klass_is_exact() && !array_type->is_atomic()) {
+      return intcon(0);
+    }
+  }
+
   Node* array_klass = load_object_klass(array);
   int layout_kind_offset = in_bytes(FlatArrayKlass::layout_kind_offset());
   Node* layout_kind_addr = basic_plus_adr(top(), array_klass, layout_kind_offset);
@@ -4230,33 +4249,19 @@ void GraphKit::shared_unlock(Node* box, Node* obj) {
 Node* GraphKit::get_layout_helper(Node* klass_node, jint& constant_value) {
   const TypeKlassPtr* klass_t = _gvn.type(klass_node)->isa_klassptr();
   if (!StressReflectiveCode && klass_t != nullptr) {
-    bool xklass = klass_t->klass_is_exact();
-    bool can_be_flat = false;
-    const TypeAryPtr* ary_type = klass_t->as_exact_instance_type()->isa_aryptr();
-    if (UseArrayFlattening && !xklass && ary_type != nullptr) {
-      // Don't constant fold if the runtime type might be a flat array but the static type is not.
-      const TypeOopPtr* elem = ary_type->elem()->make_oopptr();
-      can_be_flat = ary_type->can_be_inline_array() && (!elem->is_inlinetypeptr() || elem->inline_klass()->maybe_flat_in_array());
+    if (klass_t->klass_is_exact()) {
+      constant_value = klass_t->exact_klass()->layout_helper();
+      return nullptr;
     }
-    if (!can_be_flat && (xklass || (klass_t->isa_aryklassptr() && klass_t->is_aryklassptr()->elem() != Type::BOTTOM))) {
-      jint lhelper;
-      if (klass_t->is_flat()) {
-        lhelper = ary_type->flat_layout_helper();
-      } else if (klass_t->isa_aryklassptr()) {
-        BasicType elem = ary_type->elem()->array_element_basic_type();
-        if (is_reference_type(elem, true)) {
-          elem = T_OBJECT;
-        }
-        lhelper = Klass::array_layout_helper(elem);
-      } else {
-        lhelper = klass_t->is_instklassptr()->exact_klass()->layout_helper();
-      }
-      if (lhelper != Klass::_lh_neutral_value) {
-        constant_value = lhelper;
-        return (Node*) nullptr;
-      }
+
+    const TypeAryKlassPtr* aryklass_t = klass_t->isa_aryklassptr();
+    if (aryklass_t != nullptr && aryklass_t->elem()->isa_klassptr() != nullptr && aryklass_t->is_not_flat()) {
+      // If we know that the array cannot be flat, then the layout_helper value is known
+      constant_value = Klass::array_layout_helper(T_OBJECT);
+      return nullptr;
     }
   }
+
   constant_value = Klass::_lh_neutral_value;  // put in a known value
   Node* lhp = off_heap_plus_addr(klass_node, in_bytes(Klass::layout_helper_offset()));
   return make_load(nullptr, lhp, TypeInt::INT, T_INT, MemNode::unordered);
@@ -4436,13 +4441,6 @@ Node* GraphKit::new_instance(Node* klass_node,
     (*return_size_val) = size;
   }
 
-  // This is a precise notnull oop of the klass.
-  // (Actually, it need not be precise if this is a reflective allocation.)
-  // It's what we cast the result to.
-  const TypeKlassPtr* tklass = _gvn.type(klass_node)->isa_klassptr();
-  if (!tklass)  tklass = TypeInstKlassPtr::OBJECT;
-  const TypeOopPtr* oop_type = tklass->as_exact_instance_type();
-
   // Now generate allocation code
 
   // The entire memory state is needed for slow path of the allocation
@@ -4455,6 +4453,20 @@ Node* GraphKit::new_instance(Node* klass_node,
                                          size, klass_node,
                                          initial_slow_test, inline_type_node);
 
+  // This is a precise notnull oop of the klass.
+  // (Actually, it need not be precise if this is a reflective allocation.)
+  // It's what we cast the result to.
+  const TypeInstKlassPtr* tklass = _gvn.type(klass_node)->isa_instklassptr();
+  const TypeOopPtr* oop_type;
+  if (tklass == nullptr) {
+    oop_type = TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM;
+  } else if (tklass->klass_is_exact() && (tklass->instance_klass()->is_abstract() || !tklass->interfaces()->eq(tklass->instance_klass()))) {
+    // tklass may be an abstract class or an interface, for which we cannot make a TypeOopPtr
+    oop_type = TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM;
+  } else {
+    oop_type = tklass->as_exact_instance_type();
+  }
+
   return set_output_for_allocation(alloc, oop_type, deoptimize_on_exception);
 }
 
@@ -4816,7 +4828,7 @@ Node* GraphKit::load_String_value(Node* str, bool set_ctrl) {
                                                      false, nullptr, Type::Offset(0));
   const TypePtr* value_field_type = string_type->add_offset(value_offset);
   const TypeAryPtr* value_type = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR,
-                                                  TypeAry::make(TypeInt::BYTE, TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, true, true),
+                                                  TypeAry::make(TypeInt::BYTE, TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, false, true, true),
                                                   ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_BYTE), true, Type::Offset(0));
   Node* p = basic_plus_adr(str, str, value_offset);
   Node* load = access_load_at(str, p, value_field_type, value_type, T_OBJECT,
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
index 36d69f18041..f91077c9e17 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
@@ -4240,7 +4240,7 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_native_setCurrentThread() {
 const Type* LibraryCallKit::scopedValueCache_type() {
   ciKlass* objects_klass = ciObjArrayKlass::make(env()->Object_klass());
   const TypeOopPtr* etype = TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass(env()->Object_klass());
-  const TypeAry* arr0 = TypeAry::make(etype, TypeInt::POS, /* stable= */ false, /* flat= */ false, /* not_flat= */ true, /* not_null_free= */ true, true);
+  const TypeAry* arr0 = TypeAry::make(etype, TypeInt::POS, /* stable= */ false, /* flat= */ false, /* not_flat= */ true, /*null_free=*/ false, /* not_null_free= */ true, true);
 
   // Because we create the scopedValue cache lazily we have to make the
   // type of the result BotPTR.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
index d90d01175f7..dbd97520084 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/memnode.cpp
@@ -1249,10 +1249,21 @@ Node* LoadNode::can_see_arraycopy_value(Node* st, PhaseGVN* phase) const {
     Node* ctl = ac->in(0);
     Node* src = ac->in(ArrayCopyNode::Src);
 
-    if (!ac->as_ArrayCopy()->is_clonebasic() && !phase->type(src)->isa_aryptr()) {
+    const TypeAryPtr* dst_arytype = phase->type(ac->in(ArrayCopyNode::Dest))->isa_aryptr();
+    const TypeAryPtr* src_arytype = phase->type(src)->isa_aryptr();
+    if (src_arytype == nullptr && !ac->as_ArrayCopy()->is_clonebasic()) {
       return nullptr;
     }
 
+    if (src_arytype != nullptr && dst_arytype != nullptr) {
+      // Cannot transform if the layouts are different
+      bool may_transform = (src_arytype->is_not_flat() && dst_arytype->is_not_flat()) ||
+                           (src_arytype->klass_is_exact() && dst_arytype->klass_is_exact() && src_arytype->exact_klass() == dst_arytype->exact_klass());
+      if (!may_transform) {
+        return nullptr;
+      }
+    }
+
     // load depends on the tests that validate the arraycopy
     LoadNode* ld = clone_pinned();
     Node* addp = in(MemNode::Address)->clone();
@@ -2337,6 +2348,10 @@ const Type* LoadNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
   assert(off != Type::OffsetTop, "case covered by TypePtr::empty");
   Compile* C = phase->C;
 
+  if (is_mismatched_access()) {
+    return _type;
+  }
+
   // If load can see a previous constant store, use that.
   Node* value = can_see_stored_value_through_membars(mem, phase);
   if (value != nullptr && value->is_Con()) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
index 9c194774421..133744ee8bc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/parse2.cpp
@@ -125,8 +125,16 @@ void Parse::array_load(BasicType bt) {
         if (element_ptr->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
           ciInlineKlass* vk = element_ptr->inline_klass();
           Node* flat_array = cast_to_flat_array(array, vk);
-          Node* vt = InlineTypeNode::make_from_flat_array(this, vk, flat_array, array_index);
-          ideal.set(res, vt);
+
+          // It may be the case that array is only known to be not flat when we try to cast it to a
+          // flat array. For example, array is a not-null-free array and vk does not have a
+          // nullable layout.
+          if (!flat_array->is_top()) {
+            Node* vt = InlineTypeNode::make_from_flat_array(this, vk, flat_array, array_index);
+            ideal.set(res, vt);
+          } else {
+            ideal.set(res, InlineTypeNode::make_null(gvn(), vk));
+          }
         } else {
           // Element type is unknown, and thus we cannot statically determine the exact flat array layout. Emit a
           // runtime call to correctly load the inline type element from the flat array.
@@ -290,17 +298,22 @@ void Parse::array_store(BasicType bt) {
             // Element type is known, cast and store to flat array layout.
             Node* flat_array = cast_to_flat_array(array, vk);
 
-            // Re-execute flat array store if buffering triggers deoptimization
-            PreserveReexecuteState preexecs(this);
-            jvms()->set_should_reexecute(true);
-            inc_sp(3);
-
-            if (!stored_value_casted->is_InlineType()) {
-              assert(_gvn.type(stored_value_casted) == TypePtr::NULL_PTR, "Unexpected value");
-              stored_value_casted = InlineTypeNode::make_null(_gvn, vk);
+            // It may be the case that array is only known to be not flat when we try to cast it to
+            // a flat array. For example, array is a not-null-free array and vk does not have a
+            // nullable layout.
+            if (!flat_array->is_top()) {
+              // Re-execute flat array store if buffering triggers deoptimization
+              PreserveReexecuteState preexecs(this);
+              jvms()->set_should_reexecute(true);
+              inc_sp(3);
+
+              if (!stored_value_casted->is_InlineType()) {
+                assert(_gvn.type(stored_value_casted) == TypePtr::NULL_PTR, "Unexpected value");
+                stored_value_casted = InlineTypeNode::make_null(_gvn, vk);
+              }
+
+              stored_value_casted->as_InlineType()->store_flat_array(this, flat_array, array_index);
             }
-
-            stored_value_casted->as_InlineType()->store_flat_array(this, flat_array, array_index);
           } else {
             // Element type is unknown, emit a runtime call since the flat array layout is not statically known.
             store_to_unknown_flat_array(array, array_index, stored_value_casted);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/rangeinference.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/rangeinference.cpp
index cb26e68ef58..89c74e888b6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/rangeinference.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/rangeinference.cpp
@@ -690,69 +690,24 @@ template class TypeIntPrototype<intn_t<4>, uintn_t<4>>;
 template class TypeIntPrototype<intn_t<5>, uintn_t<5>>;
 template class TypeIntPrototype<intn_t<6>, uintn_t<6>>;
 
-// Compute the meet of 2 types. When dual is true, the subset relation in CT is
-// reversed. This means that the result of 2 CTs would be the intersection of
-// them if dual is true, and be the union of them if dual is false. The subset
-// relation in the Type hierarchy is still the same, however. E.g. the result
-// of 1 CT and Type::BOTTOM would always be Type::BOTTOM, and the result of 1
-// CT and Type::TOP would always be the CT instance itself.
 template <class CT>
-const Type* TypeIntHelper::int_type_xmeet(const CT* i1, const Type* t2) {
-  // Perform a fast test for common case; meeting the same types together.
-  if (i1 == t2 || t2 == Type::TOP) {
-    return i1;
-  }
-  const CT* i2 = t2->try_cast<CT>();
-  if (i2 != nullptr) {
-    assert(i1->_is_dual == i2->_is_dual, "must have the same duality");
-    using S = std::remove_const_t<decltype(CT::_lo)>;
-    using U = std::remove_const_t<decltype(CT::_ulo)>;
-
-    if (!i1->_is_dual) {
-      // meet (a.k.a union)
-      return int_type_union(i1, i2);
-    } else {
-      // join (a.k.a intersection)
-      return CT::make_or_top(TypeIntPrototype<S, U>{{MAX2(i1->_lo, i2->_lo), MIN2(i1->_hi, i2->_hi)},
-                                                    {MAX2(i1->_ulo, i2->_ulo), MIN2(i1->_uhi, i2->_uhi)},
-                                                    {i1->_bits._zeros | i2->_bits._zeros, i1->_bits._ones | i2->_bits._ones}},
-                             MIN2(i1->_widen, i2->_widen), true);
-    }
-  }
+const Type* TypeIntHelper::int_type_xmeet(const CT* t1, const CT* t2) {
+  return int_type_union(t1, t2);
+}
+template const Type* TypeIntHelper::int_type_xmeet(const TypeInt* i1, const TypeInt* t2);
+template const Type* TypeIntHelper::int_type_xmeet(const TypeLong* i1, const TypeLong* t2);
 
-  assert(t2->base() != i1->base(), "");
-  switch (t2->base()) {          // Switch on original type
-  case Type::AnyPtr:                  // Mixing with oops happens when javac
-  case Type::RawPtr:                  // reuses local variables
-  case Type::OopPtr:
-  case Type::InstPtr:
-  case Type::AryPtr:
-  case Type::MetadataPtr:
-  case Type::KlassPtr:
-  case Type::InstKlassPtr:
-  case Type::AryKlassPtr:
-  case Type::NarrowOop:
-  case Type::NarrowKlass:
-  case Type::Int:
-  case Type::Long:
-  case Type::HalfFloatTop:
-  case Type::HalfFloatCon:
-  case Type::HalfFloatBot:
-  case Type::FloatTop:
-  case Type::FloatCon:
-  case Type::FloatBot:
-  case Type::DoubleTop:
-  case Type::DoubleCon:
-  case Type::DoubleBot:
-  case Type::Bottom:                  // Ye Olde Default
-    return Type::BOTTOM;
-  default:                      // All else is a mistake
-    i1->typerr(t2);
-    return nullptr;
-  }
+template <class CT>
+const Type* TypeIntHelper::int_type_xjoin(const CT* t1, const CT* t2) {
+  using S = std::remove_const_t<decltype(CT::_lo)>;
+  using U = std::remove_const_t<decltype(CT::_ulo)>;
+  return CT::make_or_top(TypeIntPrototype<S, U>{{MAX2(t1->_lo, t2->_lo), MIN2(t1->_hi, t2->_hi)},
+                                                {MAX2(t1->_ulo, t2->_ulo), MIN2(t1->_uhi, t2->_uhi)},
+                                                {t1->_bits._zeros | t2->_bits._zeros, t1->_bits._ones | t2->_bits._ones}},
+                         MIN2(t1->_widen, t2->_widen));
 }
-template const Type* TypeIntHelper::int_type_xmeet(const TypeInt* i1, const Type* t2);
-template const Type* TypeIntHelper::int_type_xmeet(const TypeLong* i1, const Type* t2);
+template const Type* TypeIntHelper::int_type_xjoin(const TypeInt* i1, const TypeInt* t2);
+template const Type* TypeIntHelper::int_type_xjoin(const TypeLong* i1, const TypeLong* t2);
 
 // Called in PhiNode::Value during CCP, monotically widen the value set, do so rigorously
 // first, after WidenMax attempts, if the type has still not converged we speed up the
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/rangeinference.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/rangeinference.hpp
index e5e34051587..09eb5750d6d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/rangeinference.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/rangeinference.hpp
@@ -145,7 +145,10 @@ class TypeIntHelper {
   }
 
   template <class CT>
-  static const Type* int_type_xmeet(const CT* i1, const Type* t2);
+  static const Type* int_type_xmeet(const CT* i1, const CT* t2);
+
+  template <class CT>
+  static const Type* int_type_xjoin(const CT* i1, const CT* t2);
 
   template <class CTP>
   static auto int_type_union(CTP t1, CTP t2) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/subnode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/subnode.cpp
index a58e1cf5e2a..d45bfa23568 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/subnode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/subnode.cpp
@@ -2118,8 +2118,9 @@ const Type* AbsNode::Value(PhaseGVN* phase) const {
 Node* AbsNode::Identity(PhaseGVN* phase) {
   Node* in1 = in(1);
   // No need to do abs for non-negative values
-  if (phase->type(in1)->higher_equal(TypeInt::POS) ||
-      phase->type(in1)->higher_equal(TypeLong::POS)) {
+  const Type* in_type = phase->type(in1);
+  if ((in_type->isa_int() && in_type->is_int()->_lo >= 0) ||
+      (in_type->isa_long() && in_type->is_long()->_lo >= 0)) {
     return in1;
   }
   // Convert "abs(abs(x))" into "abs(x)"
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.cpp
index ec13d305228..7f39d1de985 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.cpp
@@ -27,35 +27,34 @@
 #include "ci/ciFlatArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciInlineKlass.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciInstanceKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciMetadata.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciMethodData.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciObjArrayKlass.hpp"
+#include "ci/ciObject.hpp"
 #include "ci/ciTypeFlow.hpp"
 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
-#include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
 #include "compiler/compileLog.hpp"
 #include "libadt/dict.hpp"
-#include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
-#include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.hpp"
-#include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
-#include "oops/typeArrayKlass.hpp"
 #include "opto/arraycopynode.hpp"
 #include "opto/callnode.hpp"
+#include "opto/compile.hpp"
 #include "opto/matcher.hpp"
 #include "opto/node.hpp"
 #include "opto/opcodes.hpp"
 #include "opto/rangeinference.hpp"
 #include "opto/runtime.hpp"
 #include "opto/type.hpp"
+#include "opto/typejavaptr.hpp"
 #include "runtime/globals.hpp"
 #include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
 #include "utilities/checkedCast.hpp"
 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
+#include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
 #include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
-#include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
 #include "utilities/stringUtils.hpp"
 
 // Portions of code courtesy of Clifford Click
@@ -64,8 +63,6 @@
 
 // Dictionary of types shared among compilations.
 Dict* Type::_shared_type_dict = nullptr;
-const Type::Offset Type::Offset::top(Type::OffsetTop);
-const Type::Offset Type::Offset::bottom(Type::OffsetBot);
 
 const Type::Offset Type::Offset::meet(const Type::Offset other) const {
   // Either is 'TOP' offset?  Return the other offset!
@@ -76,10 +73,17 @@ const Type::Offset Type::Offset::meet(const Type::Offset other) const {
   return Offset(_offset);
 }
 
-const Type::Offset Type::Offset::dual() const {
-  if (_offset == OffsetTop) return bottom;// Map 'TOP' into 'BOTTOM'
-  if (_offset == OffsetBot) return top;// Map 'BOTTOM' into 'TOP'
-  return Offset(_offset);               // Map everything else into self
+const Type::Offset Type::Offset::join(const Type::Offset other) const {
+  if (*this == bottom) {
+    return other;
+  } else if (other == bottom) {
+    return *this;
+  }
+  if (*this != other) {
+    return top;
+  } else {
+    return *this;
+  }
 }
 
 const Type::Offset Type::Offset::add(intptr_t offset) const {
@@ -690,10 +694,10 @@ void Type::Initialize_shared(Compile* current) {
   TypeAryPtr::_array_interfaces = TypeInterfaces::make(&array_interfaces);
   TypeAryKlassPtr::_array_interfaces = TypeAryPtr::_array_interfaces;
 
-  TypeAryPtr::BOTTOM = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(Type::BOTTOM, TypeInt::POS, false, false, false, false, false), nullptr, false, Offset::bottom);
-  TypeAryPtr::RANGE   = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(Type::BOTTOM,TypeInt::POS, false, false, false, false, false), nullptr /* current->env()->Object_klass() */, false, Offset(arrayOopDesc::length_offset_in_bytes()));
+  TypeAryPtr::BOTTOM = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(Type::BOTTOM, TypeInt::POS, false, false, false, false, false, false), nullptr, false, Offset::bottom);
+  TypeAryPtr::RANGE   = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(Type::BOTTOM,TypeInt::POS, false, false, false, false, false, false), nullptr /* current->env()->Object_klass() */, false, Offset(arrayOopDesc::length_offset_in_bytes()));
 
-  TypeAryPtr::NARROWOOPS = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeNarrowOop::BOTTOM, TypeInt::POS, false, false, false, false, false), nullptr /*ciArrayKlass::make(o)*/,  false,  Offset::bottom);
+  TypeAryPtr::NARROWOOPS = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeNarrowOop::BOTTOM, TypeInt::POS, false, false, false, false, false, false), nullptr /*ciArrayKlass::make(o)*/,  false,  Offset::bottom);
 
 #ifdef _LP64
   if (UseCompressedOops) {
@@ -703,16 +707,16 @@ void Type::Initialize_shared(Compile* current) {
 #endif
   {
     // There is no shared klass for Object[].  See note in TypeAryPtr::klass().
-    TypeAryPtr::OOPS  = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM,TypeInt::POS, false, false, false, false, false), nullptr /*ciArrayKlass::make(o)*/,  false,  Offset::bottom);
+    TypeAryPtr::OOPS  = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM,TypeInt::POS, false, false, false, false, false, false), nullptr /*ciArrayKlass::make(o)*/,  false,  Offset::bottom);
   }
-  TypeAryPtr::BYTES   = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeInt::BYTE      ,TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, true, true), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_BYTE),   true,  Offset::bottom);
-  TypeAryPtr::SHORTS  = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeInt::SHORT     ,TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, true, true), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_SHORT),  true,  Offset::bottom);
-  TypeAryPtr::CHARS   = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeInt::CHAR      ,TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, true, true), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_CHAR),   true,  Offset::bottom);
-  TypeAryPtr::INTS    = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeInt::INT       ,TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, true, true), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_INT),    true,  Offset::bottom);
-  TypeAryPtr::LONGS   = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeLong::LONG     ,TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, true, true), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_LONG),   true,  Offset::bottom);
-  TypeAryPtr::FLOATS  = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(Type::FLOAT        ,TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, true, true), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_FLOAT),  true,  Offset::bottom);
-  TypeAryPtr::DOUBLES = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(Type::DOUBLE       ,TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, true, true), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_DOUBLE), true,  Offset::bottom);
-  TypeAryPtr::INLINES = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM,TypeInt::POS, /* stable= */ false, /* flat= */ true, false, false, false), nullptr, false, Offset::bottom);
+  TypeAryPtr::BYTES   = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeInt::BYTE      ,TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, false, true, true), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_BYTE),   true,  Offset::bottom);
+  TypeAryPtr::SHORTS  = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeInt::SHORT     ,TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, false, true, true), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_SHORT),  true,  Offset::bottom);
+  TypeAryPtr::CHARS   = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeInt::CHAR      ,TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, false, true, true), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_CHAR),   true,  Offset::bottom);
+  TypeAryPtr::INTS    = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeInt::INT       ,TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, false, true, true), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_INT),    true,  Offset::bottom);
+  TypeAryPtr::LONGS   = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeLong::LONG     ,TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, false, true, true), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_LONG),   true,  Offset::bottom);
+  TypeAryPtr::FLOATS  = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(Type::FLOAT        ,TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, false, true, true), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_FLOAT),  true,  Offset::bottom);
+  TypeAryPtr::DOUBLES = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(Type::DOUBLE       ,TypeInt::POS, false, false, true, false, true, true), ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_DOUBLE), true,  Offset::bottom);
+  TypeAryPtr::INLINES = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM,TypeInt::POS, /* stable= */ false, /* flat= */ true, false, false, false, false), nullptr, false, Offset::bottom);
 
   // Nobody should ask _array_body_type[T_NARROWOOP]. Use null as assert.
   TypeAryPtr::_array_body_type[T_NARROWOOP] = nullptr;
@@ -855,40 +859,18 @@ void Type::Initialize(Compile* current) {
 // Do the hash-cons trick.  If the Type already exists in the type table,
 // delete the current Type and return the existing Type.  Otherwise stick the
 // current Type in the Type table.
-const Type *Type::hashcons(void) {
+const Type* Type::hashcons() {
   DEBUG_ONLY(base());           // Check the assertion in Type::base().
   // Look up the Type in the Type dictionary
-  Dict *tdic = type_dict();
+  Dict* tdic = type_dict();
   Type* old = (Type*)(tdic->Insert(this, this, false));
-  if( old ) {                   // Pre-existing Type?
-    if( old != this )           // Yes, this guy is not the pre-existing?
-      delete this;              // Yes, Nuke this guy
-    assert( old->_dual, "" );
-    return old;                 // Return pre-existing
-  }
-
-  // Every type has a dual (to make my lattice symmetric).
-  // Since we just discovered a new Type, compute its dual right now.
-  assert( !_dual, "" );         // No dual yet
-  _dual = xdual();              // Compute the dual
-  if (equals(this, _dual)) {    // Handle self-symmetric
-    if (_dual != this) {
-      delete _dual;
-      _dual = this;
-    }
+  if (old == nullptr) {
     return this;
   }
-  assert( !_dual->_dual, "" );  // No reverse dual yet
-  assert( !(*tdic)[_dual], "" ); // Dual not in type system either
-  // New Type, insert into Type table
-  tdic->Insert((void*)_dual,(void*)_dual);
-  ((Type*)_dual)->_dual = this; // Finish up being symmetric
-#ifdef ASSERT
-  Type *dual_dual = (Type*)_dual->xdual();
-  assert( eq(dual_dual), "xdual(xdual()) should be identity" );
-  delete dual_dual;
-#endif
-  return this;                  // Return new Type
+  if (old != this) {
+    delete this;
+  }
+  return old;
 }
 
 //------------------------------eq---------------------------------------------
@@ -916,35 +898,35 @@ bool Type::is_nan()    const {
 }
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
-class VerifyMeet;
-class VerifyMeetResult : public ArenaObj {
-  friend class VerifyMeet;
+class VerifyMeetJoin;
+class VerifyMeetJoinResult : public ArenaObj {
+  friend class VerifyMeetJoin;
   friend class Type;
 private:
-  class VerifyMeetResultEntry {
+  class CacheEntry {
   private:
     const Type* _in1;
     const Type* _in2;
     const Type* _res;
   public:
-    VerifyMeetResultEntry(const Type* in1, const Type* in2, const Type* res):
+    CacheEntry(const Type* in1, const Type* in2, const Type* res):
             _in1(in1), _in2(in2), _res(res) {
     }
-    VerifyMeetResultEntry():
+    CacheEntry():
             _in1(nullptr), _in2(nullptr), _res(nullptr) {
     }
 
-    bool operator==(const VerifyMeetResultEntry& rhs) const {
+    bool operator==(const CacheEntry& rhs) const {
       return _in1 == rhs._in1 &&
              _in2 == rhs._in2 &&
              _res == rhs._res;
     }
 
-    bool operator!=(const VerifyMeetResultEntry& rhs) const {
+    bool operator!=(const CacheEntry& rhs) const {
       return !(rhs == *this);
     }
 
-    static int compare(const VerifyMeetResultEntry& v1, const VerifyMeetResultEntry& v2) {
+    static int compare(const CacheEntry& v1, const CacheEntry& v2) {
       if ((intptr_t) v1._in1 < (intptr_t) v2._in1) {
         return -1;
       } else if (v1._in1 == v2._in1) {
@@ -960,302 +942,410 @@ class VerifyMeetResult : public ArenaObj {
     }
     const Type* res() const { return _res; }
   };
+
   uint _depth;
-  GrowableArray<VerifyMeetResultEntry> _cache;
-
-  // With verification code, the meet of A and B causes the computation of:
-  // 1- meet(A, B)
-  // 2- meet(B, A)
-  // 3- meet(dual(meet(A, B)), dual(A))
-  // 4- meet(dual(meet(A, B)), dual(B))
-  // 5- meet(dual(A), dual(B))
-  // 6- meet(dual(B), dual(A))
-  // 7- meet(dual(meet(dual(A), dual(B))), A)
-  // 8- meet(dual(meet(dual(A), dual(B))), B)
+  GrowableArray<CacheEntry> _meet_cache;
+  GrowableArray<CacheEntry> _join_cache;
+
+  // With verification code, the meet/join of A and B causes the computation of:
+  // 1-  meet(A, B)
+  // 2-  meet(B, A)
+  // 3-  join(A, B)
+  // 4-  join(B, A)
+  // 5-  meet(A, meet(A, B))
+  // 6-  meet(B, meet(A, B))
+  // 7-  join(A, meet(A, B))
+  // 8-  join(B, meet(A, B))
+  // 9-  meet(A, join(A, B))
+  // 10- meet(B, join(A, B))
+  // 11- join(A, join(A, B))
+  // 12- join(B, join(A, B))
   //
   // In addition the meet of A[] and B[] requires the computation of the meet of A and B.
   //
   // The meet of A[] and B[] triggers the computation of:
-  // 1- meet(A[], B[][)
-  //   1.1- meet(A, B)
-  //   1.2- meet(B, A)
-  //   1.3- meet(dual(meet(A, B)), dual(A))
-  //   1.4- meet(dual(meet(A, B)), dual(B))
-  //   1.5- meet(dual(A), dual(B))
-  //   1.6- meet(dual(B), dual(A))
-  //   1.7- meet(dual(meet(dual(A), dual(B))), A)
-  //   1.8- meet(dual(meet(dual(A), dual(B))), B)
+  // 1- meet(A[], B[])
+  //   1.1-  meet(A, B)
+  //   1.2-  meet(B, A)
+  //   1.3-  join(A, B)
+  //   1.4-  join(B, A)
+  //   1.5-  meet(A, meet(A, B))
+  //   1.6-  meet(B, meet(A, B))
+  //   1.7-  join(A, meet(A, B))
+  //   1.8-  join(B, meet(A, B))
+  //   1.9-  meet(A, join(A, B))
+  //   1.10- meet(B, join(A, B))
+  //   1.11- join(A, join(A, B))
+  //   1.12- join(B, join(A, B))
   // 2- meet(B[], A[])
-  //   2.1- meet(B, A) = 1.2
-  //   2.2- meet(A, B) = 1.1
-  //   2.3- meet(dual(meet(B, A)), dual(B)) = 1.4
-  //   2.4- meet(dual(meet(B, A)), dual(A)) = 1.3
-  //   2.5- meet(dual(B), dual(A)) = 1.6
-  //   2.6- meet(dual(A), dual(B)) = 1.5
-  //   2.7- meet(dual(meet(dual(B), dual(A))), B) = 1.8
-  //   2.8- meet(dual(meet(dual(B), dual(A))), B) = 1.7
+  //   2.1-  meet(B, A) = 1.2
+  //   2.2-  meet(A, B) = 1.1
+  //   2.3-  join(B, A) = 1.4
+  //   2.4-  join(A, B) = 1.3
+  //   2.5-  meet(B, meet(B, A)) = 1.6
+  //   2.6-  meet(A, meet(B, A)) = 1.5
+  //   2.7-  join(B, meet(B, A)) = 1.8
+  //   2.8-  join(A, meet(B, A)) = 1.7
+  //   2.9-  meet(B, join(B, A)) = 1.10
+  //   2.10- meet(A, join(B, A)) = 1.9
+  //   2.11- join(B, join(B, A)) = 1.12
+  //   2.12- join(A, join(B, A)) = 1.11
   // etc.
-  // The number of meet operations performed grows exponentially with the number of dimensions of the arrays but the number
-  // of different meet operations is linear in the number of dimensions. The function below caches meet results for the
-  // duration of the meet at the root of the recursive calls.
   //
-  const Type* meet(const Type* t1, const Type* t2) {
+  // When the dimensions of the arrays increase, the number of performed operations grows
+  // exponentially but the number of distinct operations grows linearly. The function below caches
+  // the results for the duration of the operation at the root of the recursive calls.
+  template <class F>
+  static const Type* meet_join(F op, GrowableArray<CacheEntry>& cache, const Type* t1, const Type* t2) {
     bool found = false;
-    const VerifyMeetResultEntry meet(t1, t2, nullptr);
-    int pos = _cache.find_sorted<VerifyMeetResultEntry, VerifyMeetResultEntry::compare>(meet, found);
+    const CacheEntry entry(t1, t2, nullptr);
+    int pos = cache.find_sorted<CacheEntry, CacheEntry::compare>(entry, found);
     const Type* res = nullptr;
     if (found) {
-      res = _cache.at(pos).res();
+      res = cache.at(pos).res();
     } else {
-      res = t1->xmeet(t2);
-      _cache.insert_sorted<VerifyMeetResultEntry::compare>(VerifyMeetResultEntry(t1, t2, res));
+      res = op(t1, t2);
+      cache.insert_sorted<CacheEntry::compare>(CacheEntry(t1, t2, res));
       found = false;
-      _cache.find_sorted<VerifyMeetResultEntry, VerifyMeetResultEntry::compare>(meet, found);
+      cache.find_sorted<CacheEntry, CacheEntry::compare>(entry, found);
       assert(found, "should be in table after it's added");
     }
     return res;
   }
 
-  void add(const Type* t1, const Type* t2, const Type* res) {
-    _cache.insert_sorted<VerifyMeetResultEntry::compare>(VerifyMeetResultEntry(t1, t2, res));
+  const Type* meet(const Type* t1, const Type* t2) {
+    auto op = [](const Type* t1, const Type* t2) {
+      return Type::xmeet(t1, t2);
+    };
+    return meet_join(op, _meet_cache, t1, t2);
+  }
+
+  const Type* join(const Type* t1, const Type* t2) {
+    auto op = [](const Type* t1, const Type* t2) {
+      return Type::xjoin(t1, t2);
+    };
+    return meet_join(op, _join_cache, t1, t2);
   }
 
-  bool empty_cache() const {
-    return _cache.length() == 0;
+  void empty_cache() {
+    _meet_cache.trunc_to(0);
+    _join_cache.trunc_to(0);
   }
 public:
-  VerifyMeetResult(Compile* C) :
-          _depth(0), _cache(C->comp_arena(), 2, 0, VerifyMeetResultEntry()) {
+  VerifyMeetJoinResult(Compile* C) : _depth(0),
+                                 _meet_cache(C->comp_arena(), 2, 0, CacheEntry()),
+                                 _join_cache(C->comp_arena(), 2, 0, CacheEntry()) {
   }
 };
 
-void Type::assert_type_verify_empty() const {
-  assert(Compile::current()->_type_verify == nullptr || Compile::current()->_type_verify->empty_cache(), "cache should have been discarded");
-}
-
-class VerifyMeet {
+class VerifyMeetJoin {
 private:
   Compile* _C;
 public:
-  VerifyMeet(Compile* C) : _C(C) {
+  VerifyMeetJoin(Compile* C) : _C(C) {
     if (C->_type_verify == nullptr) {
-      C->_type_verify = new (C->comp_arena())VerifyMeetResult(C);
+      C->_type_verify = new (C->comp_arena())VerifyMeetJoinResult(C);
     }
     _C->_type_verify->_depth++;
   }
 
-  ~VerifyMeet() {
+  ~VerifyMeetJoin() {
     assert(_C->_type_verify->_depth != 0, "");
     _C->_type_verify->_depth--;
     if (_C->_type_verify->_depth == 0) {
-      _C->_type_verify->_cache.trunc_to(0);
+      _C->_type_verify->empty_cache();
     }
   }
 
-  const Type* meet(const Type* t1, const Type* t2) const {
+  const Type* meet(const Type* t1, const Type* t2) {
     return _C->_type_verify->meet(t1, t2);
   }
 
-  void add(const Type* t1, const Type* t2, const Type* res) const {
-    _C->_type_verify->add(t1, t2, res);
+  const Type* join(const Type* t1, const Type* t2) {
+    return _C->_type_verify->join(t1, t2);
   }
 };
 
-void Type::check_symmetrical(const Type* t, const Type* mt, const VerifyMeet& verify) const {
-  Compile* C = Compile::current();
-  const Type* mt2 = verify.meet(t, this);
-
-  // Verify that:
-  //      this meet t == t meet this
-  if (mt != mt2) {
-    tty->print_cr("=== Meet Not Commutative ===");
-    tty->print("t           = ");   t->dump(); tty->cr();
-    tty->print("this        = ");      dump(); tty->cr();
-    tty->print("t meet this = "); mt2->dump(); tty->cr();
-    tty->print("this meet t = ");  mt->dump(); tty->cr();
+void Type::check_fundamental_laws(const Type* t1, const Type* t2, VerifyMeetJoin& verify) {
+  const Type* mt1 = verify.meet(t1, t2);
+  const Type* mt2 = verify.meet(t2, t1);
+  if (mt1 != mt2) {
+    stringStream ss;
+    ss.print_cr("=== Meet Not Commutative ===");
+    ss.print("t1          = ");  t1->dump_on(&ss); ss.cr();
+    ss.print("t2          = ");  t2->dump_on(&ss); ss.cr();
+    ss.print("t1 meets t2 = "); mt1->dump_on(&ss); ss.cr();
+    ss.print("t2 meets t1 = "); mt2->dump_on(&ss); ss.cr();
+    tty->print("%s", ss.as_string());
     fatal("meet not commutative");
   }
-  const Type* dual_join = mt->_dual;
-  const Type* t2t    = verify.meet(dual_join,t->_dual);
-  const Type* t2this = verify.meet(dual_join,this->_dual);
-
-  // Interface meet Oop is Not Symmetric:
-  // Interface:AnyNull meet Oop:AnyNull == Interface:AnyNull
-  // Interface:NotNull meet Oop:NotNull == java/lang/Object:NotNull
-
-  // Verify that:
-  // 1)     mt_dual meet t_dual    == t_dual
-  //    which corresponds to
-  //       !(t meet this)  meet !t ==
-  //       (!t join !this) meet !t == !t
-  // 2)    mt_dual meet this_dual     == this_dual
-  //    which corresponds to
-  //       !(t meet this)  meet !this ==
-  //       (!t join !this) meet !this == !this
-  if (t2t != t->_dual || t2this != this->_dual) {
-    tty->print_cr("=== Meet Not Symmetric ===");
-    tty->print("t   =                   ");              t->dump(); tty->cr();
-    tty->print("this=                   ");                 dump(); tty->cr();
-    tty->print("mt=(t meet this)=       ");             mt->dump(); tty->cr();
-
-    tty->print("t_dual=                 ");       t->_dual->dump(); tty->cr();
-    tty->print("this_dual=              ");          _dual->dump(); tty->cr();
-    tty->print("mt_dual=                ");      mt->_dual->dump(); tty->cr();
-
-    // 1)
-    tty->print("mt_dual meet t_dual=    "); t2t           ->dump(); tty->cr();
-    // 2)
-    tty->print("mt_dual meet this_dual= "); t2this        ->dump(); tty->cr();
-    tty->cr();
-    tty->print_cr("Fail: ");
-    if (t2t != t->_dual) {
-      tty->print_cr("- mt_dual meet t_dual != t_dual");
+
+  const Type* jt1 = verify.join(t1, t2);
+  const Type* jt2 = verify.join(t2, t1);
+  if (jt1 != jt2) {
+    stringStream ss;
+    ss.print_cr("=== Join Not Commutative ===");
+    ss.print("t1          = ");  t1->dump_on(&ss); ss.cr();
+    ss.print("t2          = ");  t2->dump_on(&ss); ss.cr();
+    ss.print("t1 joins t2 = "); jt1->dump_on(&ss); ss.cr();
+    ss.print("t2 joins t1 = "); jt2->dump_on(&ss); ss.cr();
+    tty->print("%s", ss.as_string());
+    fatal("join not commutative");
+  }
+
+  const Type* mt = mt1;
+  const Type* jt = jt1;
+
+  const Type* t1mmt = verify.meet(t1, mt);
+  const Type* t2mmt = verify.meet(t2, mt);
+  const Type* t1jmt = verify.join(t1, mt);
+  const Type* t2jmt = verify.join(t2, mt);
+  const Type* t1mjt = verify.meet(t1, jt);
+  const Type* t2mjt = verify.meet(t2, jt);
+  const Type* t1jjt = verify.join(t1, jt);
+  const Type* t2jjt = verify.join(t2, jt);
+
+  if (t1mmt != mt || t2mmt != mt || t1jmt != t1 || t2jmt != t2 ||
+      t1mjt != t1 || t2mjt != t2 || t1jjt != jt || t2jjt != jt) {
+    stringStream ss;
+    ss.print_cr("=== Fundamental Laws Violation ===");
+    ss.print("t1               = "); t1->dump_on(&ss); ss.cr();
+    ss.print("t2               = "); t2->dump_on(&ss); ss.cr();
+    ss.print("mt = t1 meets t2 = "); mt->dump_on(&ss); ss.cr();
+    ss.print("jt = t1 joins t2 = "); jt->dump_on(&ss); ss.cr();
+
+    ss.print("t1 meets mt      = "); t1mmt->dump_on(&ss); ss.cr();
+    ss.print("t2 meets mt      = "); t2mmt->dump_on(&ss); ss.cr();
+    ss.print("t1 joins mt      = "); t1jmt->dump_on(&ss); ss.cr();
+    ss.print("t2 joins mt      = "); t2jmt->dump_on(&ss); ss.cr();
+    ss.print("t1 meets jt      = "); t1mjt->dump_on(&ss); ss.cr();
+    ss.print("t2 meets jt      = "); t2mjt->dump_on(&ss); ss.cr();
+    ss.print("t1 joins jt      = "); t1jjt->dump_on(&ss); ss.cr();
+    ss.print("t2 joins jt      = "); t2jjt->dump_on(&ss); ss.cr();
+    ss.cr();
+
+    ss.print_cr("Failed laws:");
+    if (t1mmt != mt) {
+      ss.print_cr("t1 meets mt == mt");
+    }
+    if (t2mmt != mt) {
+      ss.print_cr("t2 meets mt == mt");
     }
-    if (t2this != this->_dual) {
-      tty->print_cr("- mt_dual meet this_dual != this_dual");
+    if (t1jmt != t1) {
+      ss.print_cr("t1 joins mt == t1");
+    }
+    if (t2jmt != t2) {
+      ss.print_cr("t2 joins mt == t2");
+    }
+    if (t1mjt != t1) {
+      ss.print_cr("t1 meets jt == t1");
+    }
+    if (t2mjt != t2) {
+      ss.print_cr("t2 meets jt == t2");
+    }
+    if (t1jjt != jt) {
+      ss.print_cr("t1 joins jt == jt");
+    }
+    if (t2jjt != jt) {
+      ss.print_cr("t2 joins jt == jt");
     }
-    tty->cr();
 
-    fatal("meet not symmetric");
+    tty->print("%s", ss.as_string());
+    fatal("Fundamental Laws Violation");
   }
 }
 #endif
 
-//------------------------------meet-------------------------------------------
-// Compute the MEET of two types.  NOT virtual.  It enforces that meet is
-// commutative and the lattice is symmetric.
-const Type *Type::meet_helper(const Type *t, bool include_speculative) const {
-  if (isa_narrowoop() && t->isa_narrowoop()) {
-    const Type* result = make_ptr()->meet_helper(t->make_ptr(), include_speculative);
+template <class F>
+const Type* Type::meet_join_helper(F op, const Type* t1, const Type* t2, bool include_speculative) {
+  if (t1->isa_narrowoop() && t2->isa_narrowoop()) {
+    const Type* result = meet_join_helper(op, t1->make_ptr(), t2->make_ptr(), include_speculative);
     return result->make_narrowoop();
   }
-  if (isa_narrowklass() && t->isa_narrowklass()) {
-    const Type* result = make_ptr()->meet_helper(t->make_ptr(), include_speculative);
+  if (t1->isa_narrowklass() && t2->isa_narrowklass()) {
+    const Type* result = meet_join_helper(op, t1->make_ptr(), t2->make_ptr(), include_speculative);
     return result->make_narrowklass();
   }
 
+  t1 = t1->maybe_remove_speculative(include_speculative);
+  t2 = t2->maybe_remove_speculative(include_speculative);
+  const Type* rt = op(t1, t2);
+
 #ifdef ASSERT
   Compile* C = Compile::current();
-  VerifyMeet verify(C);
+  VerifyMeetJoin verify(C);
+  check_fundamental_laws(t1, t2, verify);
 #endif
 
-  const Type *this_t = maybe_remove_speculative(include_speculative);
-  t = t->maybe_remove_speculative(include_speculative);
-
-  const Type *mt = this_t->xmeet(t);
-#ifdef ASSERT
-  verify.add(this_t, t, mt);
-  if (isa_narrowoop() || t->isa_narrowoop()) {
-    return mt;
-  }
-  if (isa_narrowklass() || t->isa_narrowklass()) {
-    return mt;
-  }
-  // TODO 8387653 This currently triggers a verification failure, the code around "// Even though MyValue is final" needs adjustments
-  if ((this_t->isa_ptr() && this_t->is_ptr()->is_not_flat()) ||
-      (this_t->_dual->isa_ptr() && this_t->_dual->is_ptr()->is_not_flat())) return mt;
-  this_t->check_symmetrical(t, mt, verify);
-  const Type *mt_dual = verify.meet(this_t->_dual, t->_dual);
-  this_t->_dual->check_symmetrical(t->_dual, mt_dual, verify);
-#endif
-  return mt;
+  return rt;
 }
 
-//------------------------------xmeet------------------------------------------
-// Compute the MEET of two types.  It returns a new Type object.
-const Type *Type::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
-  // Perform a fast test for common case; meeting the same types together.
-  if( this == t ) return this;  // Meeting same type-rep?
-
-  // Meeting TOP with anything?
-  if( _base == Top ) return t;
-
-  // Meeting BOTTOM with anything?
-  if( _base == Bottom ) return BOTTOM;
+// These methods compute the meet and join of two types. They perform additional verification that
+// ensures the sanity of the implementation.
+const Type* Type::meet_helper(const Type* t, bool include_speculative) const {
+  auto op = [](const Type* t1, const Type* t2) {
+    return xmeet(t1, t2);
+  };
+  return meet_join_helper(op, this, t, include_speculative);
+}
 
-  // Current "this->_base" is one of: Bad, Multi, Control, Top,
-  // Abio, Abstore, Floatxxx, Doublexxx, Bottom, lastype.
-  switch (t->base()) {  // Switch on original type
+const Type* Type::join_helper(const Type* t, bool include_speculative) const {
+  auto op = [](const Type* t1, const Type* t2) {
+    return xjoin(t1, t2);
+  };
+  return meet_join_helper(op, this, t, include_speculative);
+}
 
-  // Cut in half the number of cases I must handle.  Only need cases for when
-  // the given enum "t->type" is less than or equal to the local enum "type".
-  case HalfFloatCon:
-  case FloatCon:
-  case DoubleCon:
-  case Int:
-  case Long:
-    return t->xmeet(this);
+const Type* Type::xmeet(const Type* t1, const Type* t2) {
+  if (t1 == t2) {
+    return t1;
+  }
+  if (t1 == Type::TOP) {
+    return t2;
+  } else if (t2 == Type::TOP) {
+    return t1;
+  } else if (t1 == Type::BOTTOM || t2 == Type::BOTTOM) {
+    return Type::BOTTOM;
+  }
 
-  case OopPtr:
-    return t->xmeet(this);
+  return t1->xmeet(t2);
+}
 
-  case InstPtr:
-    return t->xmeet(this);
+const Type* Type::xjoin(const Type* t1, const Type* t2) {
+  if (t1 == t2) {
+    return t1;
+  }
+  if (t1 == Type::TOP || t2 == Type::TOP) {
+    return Type::TOP;
+  } else if (t1 == Type::BOTTOM) {
+    return t2;
+  } else if (t2 == Type::BOTTOM) {
+    return t1;
+  }
 
-  case MetadataPtr:
-  case KlassPtr:
-  case InstKlassPtr:
-  case AryKlassPtr:
-    return t->xmeet(this);
+  return t1->xjoin(t2);
+}
 
-  case AryPtr:
-    return t->xmeet(this);
+//------------------------------xmeet------------------------------------------
+// Compute the MEET of two types. It returns a new Type object.
+const Type* Type::xmeet(const Type* t) const {
+  // Current "this->_base" is one of: Floatxxx, Doublexxx. For Bad, Multi, Control, Abio, Abstore,
+  // should have been handled by Type::xmeet(const Type* t1, const Type* t2) since their types are
+  // singleton and t1 must always be equal to t2.
+  switch (base()) {
+    default:
+      typerr(t);
+
+    case HalfFloatTop:
+    case HalfFloatBot:
+    case FloatTop:
+    case FloatBot:
+    case DoubleTop:
+    case DoubleBot:
+      break;
+  }
 
-  case NarrowOop:
-    return t->xmeet(this);
+  switch (t->base()) {  // Switch on original type
+    case HalfFloatCon:
+    case FloatCon:
+    case DoubleCon:
+      return t->xmeet(this);
+
+    case HalfFloatTop:
+      if (base() == HalfFloatTop || base() == HalfFloatBot) {
+        return this;
+      }
+      typerr(t);
+    case HalfFloatBot:
+      if (base() == HalfFloatTop || base() == HalfFloatBot) {
+        return t;
+      }
+      typerr(t);
 
-  case NarrowKlass:
-    return t->xmeet(this);
+    case FloatTop:
+      if (base() == FloatTop || base() == FloatBot) {
+        return this;
+      }
+      typerr(t);
+    case FloatBot:
+      if (base() == FloatTop || base() == FloatBot) {
+        return t;
+      }
+      typerr(t);
 
-  case Bad:                     // Type check
-  default:                      // Bogus type not in lattice
-    typerr(t);
-    return Type::BOTTOM;
+    case DoubleTop:
+      if (base() == DoubleTop || base() == DoubleBot) {
+        return this;
+      }
+      typerr(t);
+    case DoubleBot:
+      if (base() == DoubleTop || base() == DoubleBot) {
+        return t;
+      }
+      typerr(t);
 
-  case Bottom:                  // Ye Olde Default
-    return t;
+    default:
+      typerr(t);
+  }
+}
 
-  case HalfFloatTop:
-    if (_base == HalfFloatTop) { return this; }
-  case HalfFloatBot:            // Half Float
-    if (_base == HalfFloatBot || _base == HalfFloatTop) { return HALF_FLOAT; }
-    if (_base == FloatBot || _base == FloatTop) { return Type::BOTTOM; }
-    if (_base == DoubleTop || _base == DoubleBot) { return Type::BOTTOM; }
-    typerr(t);
-    return Type::BOTTOM;
+// Compute the JOIN of two types. This is similar to xmeet above.
+const Type* Type::xjoin(const Type* t) const {
+  switch (base()) {
+    default:
+      typerr(t);
+
+    case HalfFloatTop:
+    case HalfFloatBot:
+    case FloatTop:
+    case FloatBot:
+    case DoubleTop:
+    case DoubleBot:
+      break;
+  }
 
-  case FloatTop:
-    if (_base == FloatTop ) { return this; }
-  case FloatBot:                // Float
-    if (_base == FloatBot || _base == FloatTop) { return FLOAT; }
-    if (_base == HalfFloatTop || _base == HalfFloatBot) { return Type::BOTTOM; }
-    if (_base == DoubleTop || _base == DoubleBot) { return Type::BOTTOM; }
-    typerr(t);
-    return Type::BOTTOM;
+  switch (t->base()) {  // Switch on original type
+    case HalfFloatCon:
+    case FloatCon:
+    case DoubleCon:
+      return t->xjoin(this);
+
+    case HalfFloatTop:
+      if (base() == HalfFloatTop || base() == HalfFloatBot) {
+        return t;
+      }
+      typerr(t);
+    case HalfFloatBot:
+      if (base() == HalfFloatTop || base() == HalfFloatBot) {
+        return this;
+      }
+      typerr(t);
 
-  case DoubleTop:
-    if (_base == DoubleTop) { return this; }
-  case DoubleBot:               // Double
-    if (_base == DoubleBot || _base == DoubleTop) { return DOUBLE; }
-    if (_base == HalfFloatTop || _base == HalfFloatBot) { return Type::BOTTOM; }
-    if (_base == FloatTop || _base == FloatBot) { return Type::BOTTOM; }
-    typerr(t);
-    return Type::BOTTOM;
+    case FloatTop:
+      if (base() == FloatTop || base() == FloatBot) {
+        return t;
+      }
+      typerr(t);
+    case FloatBot:
+      if (base() == FloatTop || base() == FloatBot) {
+        return this;
+      }
+      typerr(t);
 
-  // These next few cases must match exactly or it is a compile-time error.
-  case Control:                 // Control of code
-  case Abio:                    // State of world outside of program
-  case Memory:
-    if (_base == t->_base)  { return this; }
-    typerr(t);
-    return Type::BOTTOM;
+    case DoubleTop:
+      if (base() == DoubleTop || base() == DoubleBot) {
+        return t;
+      }
+      typerr(t);
+    case DoubleBot:
+      if (base() == DoubleTop || base() == DoubleBot) {
+        return this;
+      }
+      typerr(t);
 
-  case Top:                     // Top of the lattice
-    return this;
+    default:
+      typerr(t);
   }
-
-  // The type is unchanged
-  return this;
 }
 
 //-----------------------------filter------------------------------------------
@@ -1266,13 +1356,6 @@ const Type *Type::filter_helper(const Type *kills, bool include_speculative) con
   return ft;
 }
 
-//------------------------------xdual------------------------------------------
-const Type *Type::xdual() const {
-  // Note: the base() accessor asserts the sanity of _base.
-  assert(_type_info[base()].dual_type != Bad, "implement with v-call");
-  return new Type(_type_info[_base].dual_type);
-}
-
 //------------------------------has_memory-------------------------------------
 bool Type::has_memory() const {
   Type::TYPES tx = base();
@@ -1470,59 +1553,34 @@ const TypeF *TypeF::make(float f) {
   return (TypeF*)(new TypeF(f))->hashcons();
 }
 
-//------------------------------meet-------------------------------------------
-// Compute the MEET of two types.  It returns a new Type object.
-const Type *TypeF::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
-  // Perform a fast test for common case; meeting the same types together.
-  if( this == t ) return this;  // Meeting same type-rep?
-
+const Type* TypeF::xmeet(const Type* t) const {
   // Current "this->_base" is FloatCon
-  switch (t->base()) {          // Switch on original type
-  case AnyPtr:                  // Mixing with oops happens when javac
-  case RawPtr:                  // reuses local variables
-  case OopPtr:
-  case InstPtr:
-  case AryPtr:
-  case MetadataPtr:
-  case KlassPtr:
-  case InstKlassPtr:
-  case AryKlassPtr:
-  case NarrowOop:
-  case NarrowKlass:
-  case Int:
-  case Long:
-  case HalfFloatTop:
-  case HalfFloatCon:
-  case HalfFloatBot:
-  case DoubleTop:
-  case DoubleCon:
-  case DoubleBot:
-  case Bottom:                  // Ye Olde Default
-    return Type::BOTTOM;
-
-  case FloatBot:
-    return t;
-
-  default:                      // All else is a mistake
-    typerr(t);
-
-  case FloatCon:                // Float-constant vs Float-constant?
-    if( jint_cast(_f) != jint_cast(t->getf()) )         // unequal constants?
-                                // must compare bitwise as positive zero, negative zero and NaN have
-                                // all the same representation in C++
-      return FLOAT;             // Return generic float
-                                // Equal constants
-  case Top:
-  case FloatTop:
-    break;                      // Return the float constant
+  switch (t->base()) {
+    case FloatTop:
+      return this;
+    case FloatCon:
+      assert(jint_cast(_f) != jint_cast(t->getf()), "Equivalent instances should not appear here");
+      return Type::FLOAT;
+    case FloatBot:
+      return t;
+    default:
+      typerr(t);
   }
-  return this;                  // Return the float constant
 }
 
-//------------------------------xdual------------------------------------------
-// Dual: symmetric
-const Type *TypeF::xdual() const {
-  return this;
+const Type* TypeF::xjoin(const Type* t) const {
+  // Current "this->_base" is FloatCon
+  switch (t->base()) {
+    case FloatTop:
+      return t;
+    case FloatCon:
+      assert(jint_cast(_f) != jint_cast(t->getf()), "Equivalent instances should not appear here");
+      return Type::make(FloatTop);
+    case FloatBot:
+      return this;
+    default:
+      typerr(t);
+  }
 }
 
 //------------------------------eq---------------------------------------------
@@ -1593,59 +1651,34 @@ const TypeH* TypeH::make(float f) {
   return (TypeH*)(new TypeH(hf))->hashcons();
 }
 
-//------------------------------xmeet-------------------------------------------
-// Compute the MEET of two types.  It returns a new Type object.
 const Type* TypeH::xmeet(const Type* t) const {
-  // Perform a fast test for common case; meeting the same types together.
-  if (this == t) return this;  // Meeting same type-rep?
-
   // Current "this->_base" is FloatCon
-  switch (t->base()) {          // Switch on original type
-  case AnyPtr:                  // Mixing with oops happens when javac
-  case RawPtr:                  // reuses local variables
-  case OopPtr:
-  case InstPtr:
-  case AryPtr:
-  case MetadataPtr:
-  case KlassPtr:
-  case InstKlassPtr:
-  case AryKlassPtr:
-  case NarrowOop:
-  case NarrowKlass:
-  case Int:
-  case Long:
-  case FloatTop:
-  case FloatCon:
-  case FloatBot:
-  case DoubleTop:
-  case DoubleCon:
-  case DoubleBot:
-  case Bottom:                  // Ye Olde Default
-    return Type::BOTTOM;
-
-  case HalfFloatBot:
-    return t;
-
-  default:                      // All else is a mistake
-    typerr(t);
-
-  case HalfFloatCon:            // Half float-constant vs Half float-constant?
-    if (_f != t->geth()) {      // unequal constants?
-                                // must compare bitwise as positive zero, negative zero and NaN have
-                                // all the same representation in C++
-      return HALF_FLOAT;        // Return generic float
-    }                           // Equal constants
-  case Top:
-  case HalfFloatTop:
-    break;                      // Return the Half float constant
+  switch (t->base()) {
+    case HalfFloatTop:
+      return this;
+    case HalfFloatCon:
+      assert(_f != t->is_half_float_constant()->_f, "Equivalent instances should not appear here");
+      return Type::HALF_FLOAT;
+    case HalfFloatBot:
+      return t;
+    default:
+      typerr(t);
   }
-  return this;                  // Return the Half float constant
 }
 
-//------------------------------xdual------------------------------------------
-// Dual: symmetric
-const Type* TypeH::xdual() const {
-  return this;
+const Type* TypeH::xjoin(const Type* t) const {
+  // Current "this->_base" is FloatCon
+  switch (t->base()) {
+    case HalfFloatTop:
+      return t;
+    case HalfFloatCon:
+      assert(_f != t->is_half_float_constant()->_f, "Equivalent instances should not appear here");
+      return Type::make(HalfFloatTop);
+    case HalfFloatBot:
+      return this;
+    default:
+      typerr(t);
+  }
 }
 
 //------------------------------eq---------------------------------------------
@@ -1718,56 +1751,34 @@ const TypeD *TypeD::make(double d) {
   return (TypeD*)(new TypeD(d))->hashcons();
 }
 
-//------------------------------meet-------------------------------------------
-// Compute the MEET of two types.  It returns a new Type object.
-const Type *TypeD::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
-  // Perform a fast test for common case; meeting the same types together.
-  if( this == t ) return this;  // Meeting same type-rep?
-
+const Type* TypeD::xmeet(const Type* t) const {
   // Current "this->_base" is DoubleCon
-  switch (t->base()) {          // Switch on original type
-  case AnyPtr:                  // Mixing with oops happens when javac
-  case RawPtr:                  // reuses local variables
-  case OopPtr:
-  case InstPtr:
-  case AryPtr:
-  case MetadataPtr:
-  case KlassPtr:
-  case InstKlassPtr:
-  case AryKlassPtr:
-  case NarrowOop:
-  case NarrowKlass:
-  case Int:
-  case Long:
-  case HalfFloatTop:
-  case HalfFloatCon:
-  case HalfFloatBot:
-  case FloatTop:
-  case FloatCon:
-  case FloatBot:
-  case Bottom:                  // Ye Olde Default
-    return Type::BOTTOM;
-
-  case DoubleBot:
-    return t;
-
-  default:                      // All else is a mistake
-    typerr(t);
-
-  case DoubleCon:               // Double-constant vs Double-constant?
-    if( jlong_cast(_d) != jlong_cast(t->getd()) )       // unequal constants? (see comment in TypeF::xmeet)
-      return DOUBLE;            // Return generic double
-  case Top:
-  case DoubleTop:
-    break;
+  switch (t->base()) {
+    case DoubleTop:
+      return this;
+    case DoubleCon:
+      assert(jlong_cast(_d) != jlong_cast(t->getd()), "Equivalent instances should not appear here");
+      return Type::DOUBLE;
+    case DoubleBot:
+      return t;
+    default:
+      typerr(t);
   }
-  return this;                  // Return the double constant
 }
 
-//------------------------------xdual------------------------------------------
-// Dual: symmetric
-const Type *TypeD::xdual() const {
-  return this;
+const Type* TypeD::xjoin(const Type* t) const {
+  // Current "this->_base" is DoubleCon
+  switch (t->base()) {
+    case DoubleTop:
+      return t;
+    case DoubleCon:
+      assert(jlong_cast(_d) != jlong_cast(t->getd()), "Equivalent instances should not appear here");
+      return Type::make(DoubleTop);
+    case DoubleBot:
+      return this;
+    default:
+      typerr(t);
+  }
 }
 
 //------------------------------eq---------------------------------------------
@@ -1895,24 +1906,16 @@ const TypeInt* TypeInt::INT;    // 32-bit integers
 const TypeInt* TypeInt::SYMINT; // symmetric range [-max_jint..max_jint]
 const TypeInt* TypeInt::TYPE_DOMAIN; // alias for TypeInt::INT
 
-TypeInt::TypeInt(const TypeIntPrototype<jint, juint>& t, int widen, bool dual)
-  : TypeInteger(Int, t.normalize_widen(widen), dual), _lo(t._srange._lo), _hi(t._srange._hi),
+TypeInt::TypeInt(const TypeIntPrototype<jint, juint>& t, int widen)
+  : TypeInteger(Int, t.normalize_widen(widen)), _lo(t._srange._lo), _hi(t._srange._hi),
     _ulo(t._urange._lo), _uhi(t._urange._hi), _bits(t._bits) {
   DEBUG_ONLY(t.verify_constraints());
 }
 
-const Type* TypeInt::make_or_top(const TypeIntPrototype<jint, juint>& t, int widen, bool dual) {
-  auto canonicalized_t = t.canonicalize_constraints();
-  if (canonicalized_t.empty()) {
-    return dual ? Type::BOTTOM : Type::TOP;
-  }
-  return (new TypeInt(canonicalized_t._data, widen, dual))->hashcons()->is_int();
-}
-
 const TypeInt* TypeInt::make(jint con) {
   juint ucon = con;
   return (new TypeInt(TypeIntPrototype<jint, juint>{{con, con}, {ucon, ucon}, {~ucon, ucon}},
-                      WidenMin, false))->hashcons()->is_int();
+                      WidenMin))->hashcons()->is_int();
 }
 
 const TypeInt* TypeInt::make(jint lo, jint hi, int widen) {
@@ -1927,11 +1930,14 @@ const TypeInt* TypeInt::make_unsigned(juint ulo, juint uhi, int widen) {
 }
 
 const Type* TypeInt::make_or_top(const TypeIntPrototype<jint, juint>& t, int widen) {
-  return make_or_top(t, widen, false);
+  auto canonicalized_t = t.canonicalize_constraints();
+  if (canonicalized_t.empty()) {
+    return Type::TOP;
+  }
+  return (new TypeInt(canonicalized_t._data, widen))->hashcons()->is_int();
 }
 
 bool TypeInt::contains(jint i) const {
-  assert(!_is_dual, "dual types should only be used for join calculation");
   juint u = i;
   return i >= _lo && i <= _hi &&
          u >= _ulo && u <= _uhi &&
@@ -1939,33 +1945,34 @@ bool TypeInt::contains(jint i) const {
 }
 
 bool TypeInt::contains(const TypeInt* t) const {
-  assert(!_is_dual && !t->_is_dual, "dual types should only be used for join calculation");
   return TypeIntHelper::int_type_is_subset(this, t);
 }
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
 bool TypeInt::strictly_contains(const TypeInt* t) const {
-  assert(!_is_dual && !t->_is_dual, "dual types should only be used for join calculation");
   return TypeIntHelper::int_type_is_subset(this, t) && !TypeIntHelper::int_type_is_equal(this, t);
 }
 #endif // ASSERT
 
 const Type* TypeInt::xmeet(const Type* t) const {
-  return TypeIntHelper::int_type_xmeet(this, t);
+  if (base() != Int || t->base() != Int) {
+    typerr(t);
+  }
+  return TypeIntHelper::int_type_xmeet(this, t->is_int());
 }
 
-const Type* TypeInt::xdual() const {
-  return new TypeInt(TypeIntPrototype<jint, juint>{{_lo, _hi}, {_ulo, _uhi}, _bits},
-                     _widen, !_is_dual);
+const Type* TypeInt::xjoin(const Type* t) const {
+  if (base() != Int || t->base() != Int) {
+    typerr(t);
+  }
+  return TypeIntHelper::int_type_xjoin(this, t->is_int());
 }
 
 const Type* TypeInt::widen(const Type* old, const Type* limit) const {
-  assert(!_is_dual, "dual types should only be used for join calculation");
   return TypeIntHelper::int_type_widen(this, old->isa_int(), limit->isa_int());
 }
 
 const Type* TypeInt::narrow(const Type* old) const {
-  assert(!_is_dual, "dual types should only be used for join calculation");
   if (old == nullptr) {
     return this;
   }
@@ -1975,17 +1982,15 @@ const Type* TypeInt::narrow(const Type* old) const {
 
 //-----------------------------filter------------------------------------------
 const Type* TypeInt::filter_helper(const Type* kills, bool include_speculative) const {
-  assert(!_is_dual, "dual types should only be used for join calculation");
   const TypeInt* ft = join_helper(kills, include_speculative)->isa_int();
   if (ft == nullptr) {
     return Type::TOP;           // Canonical empty value
   }
-  assert(!ft->_is_dual, "dual types should only be used for join calculation");
   if (ft->_widen < this->_widen) {
     // Do not allow the value of kill->_widen to affect the outcome.
     // The widen bits must be allowed to run freely through the graph.
     return (new TypeInt(TypeIntPrototype<jint, juint>{{ft->_lo, ft->_hi}, {ft->_ulo, ft->_uhi}, ft->_bits},
-                        this->_widen, false))->hashcons();
+                        this->_widen))->hashcons();
   }
   return ft;
 }
@@ -1994,14 +1999,14 @@ const Type* TypeInt::filter_helper(const Type* kills, bool include_speculative)
 // Structural equality check for Type representations
 bool TypeInt::eq(const Type* t) const {
   const TypeInt* r = t->is_int();
-  return TypeIntHelper::int_type_is_equal(this, r) && _widen == r->_widen && _is_dual == r->_is_dual;
+  return TypeIntHelper::int_type_is_equal(this, r) && _widen == r->_widen;
 }
 
 //------------------------------hash-------------------------------------------
 // Type-specific hashing function.
 uint TypeInt::hash(void) const {
   return (uint)_lo + (uint)_hi + (uint)_ulo + (uint)_uhi +
-         (uint)_bits._zeros + (uint)_bits._ones + (uint)_widen + (uint)_is_dual + (uint)Type::Int;
+         (uint)_bits._zeros + (uint)_bits._ones + (uint)_widen + (uint)Type::Int;
 }
 
 //------------------------------is_finite--------------------------------------
@@ -2036,24 +2041,16 @@ const TypeLong* TypeLong::INT;  // 32-bit subrange
 const TypeLong* TypeLong::UINT; // 32-bit unsigned subrange
 const TypeLong* TypeLong::TYPE_DOMAIN; // alias for TypeLong::LONG
 
-TypeLong::TypeLong(const TypeIntPrototype<jlong, julong>& t, int widen, bool dual)
-  : TypeInteger(Long, t.normalize_widen(widen), dual), _lo(t._srange._lo), _hi(t._srange._hi),
+TypeLong::TypeLong(const TypeIntPrototype<jlong, julong>& t, int widen)
+  : TypeInteger(Long, t.normalize_widen(widen)), _lo(t._srange._lo), _hi(t._srange._hi),
     _ulo(t._urange._lo), _uhi(t._urange._hi), _bits(t._bits) {
   DEBUG_ONLY(t.verify_constraints());
 }
 
-const Type* TypeLong::make_or_top(const TypeIntPrototype<jlong, julong>& t, int widen, bool dual) {
-  auto canonicalized_t = t.canonicalize_constraints();
-  if (canonicalized_t.empty()) {
-    return dual ? Type::BOTTOM : Type::TOP;
-  }
-  return (new TypeLong(canonicalized_t._data, widen, dual))->hashcons()->is_long();
-}
-
 const TypeLong* TypeLong::make(jlong con) {
   julong ucon = con;
   return (new TypeLong(TypeIntPrototype<jlong, julong>{{con, con}, {ucon, ucon}, {~ucon, ucon}},
-                       WidenMin, false))->hashcons()->is_long();
+                       WidenMin))->hashcons()->is_long();
 }
 
 const TypeLong* TypeLong::make(jlong lo, jlong hi, int widen) {
@@ -2068,11 +2065,14 @@ const TypeLong* TypeLong::make_unsigned(julong ulo, julong uhi, int widen) {
 }
 
 const Type* TypeLong::make_or_top(const TypeIntPrototype<jlong, julong>& t, int widen) {
-  return make_or_top(t, widen, false);
+  auto canonicalized_t = t.canonicalize_constraints();
+  if (canonicalized_t.empty()) {
+    return Type::TOP;
+  }
+  return (new TypeLong(canonicalized_t._data, widen))->hashcons()->is_long();
 }
 
 bool TypeLong::contains(jlong i) const {
-  assert(!_is_dual, "dual types should only be used for join calculation");
   julong u = i;
   return i >= _lo && i <= _hi &&
          u >= _ulo && u <= _uhi &&
@@ -2080,33 +2080,34 @@ bool TypeLong::contains(jlong i) const {
 }
 
 bool TypeLong::contains(const TypeLong* t) const {
-  assert(!_is_dual && !t->_is_dual, "dual types should only be used for join calculation");
   return TypeIntHelper::int_type_is_subset(this, t);
 }
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
 bool TypeLong::strictly_contains(const TypeLong* t) const {
-  assert(!_is_dual && !t->_is_dual, "dual types should only be used for join calculation");
   return TypeIntHelper::int_type_is_subset(this, t) && !TypeIntHelper::int_type_is_equal(this, t);
 }
 #endif // ASSERT
 
 const Type* TypeLong::xmeet(const Type* t) const {
-  return TypeIntHelper::int_type_xmeet(this, t);
+  if (base() != Long || t->base() != Long) {
+    typerr(t);
+  }
+  return TypeIntHelper::int_type_xmeet(this, t->is_long());
 }
 
-const Type* TypeLong::xdual() const {
-  return new TypeLong(TypeIntPrototype<jlong, julong>{{_lo, _hi}, {_ulo, _uhi}, _bits},
-                      _widen, !_is_dual);
+const Type* TypeLong::xjoin(const Type* t) const {
+  if (base() != Long || t->base() != Long) {
+    typerr(t);
+  }
+  return TypeIntHelper::int_type_xjoin(this, t->is_long());
 }
 
 const Type* TypeLong::widen(const Type* old, const Type* limit) const {
-  assert(!_is_dual, "dual types should only be used for join calculation");
   return TypeIntHelper::int_type_widen(this, old->isa_long(), limit->isa_long());
 }
 
 const Type* TypeLong::narrow(const Type* old) const {
-  assert(!_is_dual, "dual types should only be used for join calculation");
   if (old == nullptr) {
     return this;
   }
@@ -2116,17 +2117,15 @@ const Type* TypeLong::narrow(const Type* old) const {
 
 //-----------------------------filter------------------------------------------
 const Type* TypeLong::filter_helper(const Type* kills, bool include_speculative) const {
-  assert(!_is_dual, "dual types should only be used for join calculation");
   const TypeLong* ft = join_helper(kills, include_speculative)->isa_long();
   if (ft == nullptr) {
     return Type::TOP;           // Canonical empty value
   }
-  assert(!ft->_is_dual, "dual types should only be used for join calculation");
   if (ft->_widen < this->_widen) {
     // Do not allow the value of kill->_widen to affect the outcome.
     // The widen bits must be allowed to run freely through the graph.
     return (new TypeLong(TypeIntPrototype<jlong, julong>{{ft->_lo, ft->_hi}, {ft->_ulo, ft->_uhi}, ft->_bits},
-                         this->_widen, false))->hashcons();
+                         this->_widen))->hashcons();
   }
   return ft;
 }
@@ -2135,14 +2134,14 @@ const Type* TypeLong::filter_helper(const Type* kills, bool include_speculative)
 // Structural equality check for Type representations
 bool TypeLong::eq(const Type* t) const {
   const TypeLong* r = t->is_long();
-  return TypeIntHelper::int_type_is_equal(this, r) && _widen == r->_widen && _is_dual == r->_is_dual;
+  return TypeIntHelper::int_type_is_equal(this, r) && _widen == r->_widen;
 }
 
 //------------------------------hash-------------------------------------------
 // Type-specific hashing function.
 uint TypeLong::hash(void) const {
   return (uint)_lo + (uint)_hi + (uint)_ulo + (uint)_uhi +
-         (uint)_bits._zeros + (uint)_bits._ones + (uint)_widen + (uint)_is_dual + (uint)Type::Long;
+         (uint)_bits._zeros + (uint)_bits._ones + (uint)_widen + (uint)Type::Long;
 }
 
 //------------------------------is_finite--------------------------------------
@@ -2360,40 +2359,24 @@ const Type **TypeTuple::fields( uint arg_cnt ) {
 
 //------------------------------meet-------------------------------------------
 // Compute the MEET of two types.  It returns a new Type object.
-const Type *TypeTuple::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
-  // Perform a fast test for common case; meeting the same types together.
-  if( this == t ) return this;  // Meeting same type-rep?
-
-  // Current "this->_base" is Tuple
-  switch (t->base()) {          // switch on original type
-
-  case Bottom:                  // Ye Olde Default
-    return t;
-
-  default:                      // All else is a mistake
-    typerr(t);
-
-  case Tuple: {                 // Meeting 2 signatures?
-    const TypeTuple *x = t->is_tuple();
-    assert( _cnt == x->_cnt, "" );
-    const Type **fields = (const Type **)(Compile::current()->type_arena()->AmallocWords( _cnt*sizeof(Type*) ));
-    for( uint i=0; i<_cnt; i++ )
-      fields[i] = field_at(i)->xmeet( x->field_at(i) );
-    return TypeTuple::make(_cnt,fields);
+const Type* TypeTuple::xmeet(const Type* t) const {
+  const TypeTuple* x = t->is_tuple();
+  assert(_cnt == x->_cnt, "mismatched shape: %d != %d", _cnt, x->_cnt);
+  const Type** fields = static_cast<const Type**>(Compile::current()->type_arena()->AmallocWords(_cnt * sizeof(Type*)));
+  for (uint i = 0; i < _cnt; i++) {
+    fields[i] = field_at(i)->meet_speculative(x->field_at(i));
   }
-  case Top:
-    break;
-  }
-  return this;                  // Return the double constant
+  return TypeTuple::make(_cnt, fields);
 }
 
-//------------------------------xdual------------------------------------------
-// Dual: compute field-by-field dual
-const Type *TypeTuple::xdual() const {
-  const Type **fields = (const Type **)(Compile::current()->type_arena()->AmallocWords( _cnt*sizeof(Type*) ));
-  for( uint i=0; i<_cnt; i++ )
-    fields[i] = _fields[i]->dual();
-  return new TypeTuple(_cnt,fields);
+const Type* TypeTuple::xjoin(const Type* t) const {
+  const TypeTuple* x = t->is_tuple();
+  assert(_cnt == x->_cnt, "mismatched shape: %d != %d", _cnt, x->_cnt);
+  const Type** fields = static_cast<const Type**>(Compile::current()->type_arena()->AmallocWords(_cnt * sizeof(Type*)));
+  for (uint i = 0; i < _cnt; i++) {
+    fields[i] = field_at(i)->join_speculative(x->field_at(i));
+  }
+  return TypeTuple::make(_cnt, fields);
 }
 
 //------------------------------eq---------------------------------------------
@@ -2471,56 +2454,12 @@ inline const TypeInt* normalize_array_size(const TypeInt* size) {
 
 //------------------------------make-------------------------------------------
 const TypeAry* TypeAry::make(const Type* elem, const TypeInt* size, bool stable,
-                             bool flat, bool not_flat, bool not_null_free, bool atomic) {
+                             bool flat, bool not_flat, bool null_free, bool not_null_free, bool atomic) {
   if (UseCompressedOops && elem->isa_oopptr()) {
     elem = elem->make_narrowoop();
   }
   size = normalize_array_size(size);
-  return (TypeAry*)(new TypeAry(elem, size, stable, flat, not_flat, not_null_free, atomic))->hashcons();
-}
-
-//------------------------------meet-------------------------------------------
-// Compute the MEET of two types.  It returns a new Type object.
-const Type *TypeAry::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
-  // Perform a fast test for common case; meeting the same types together.
-  if( this == t ) return this;  // Meeting same type-rep?
-
-  // Current "this->_base" is Ary
-  switch (t->base()) {          // switch on original type
-
-  case Bottom:                  // Ye Olde Default
-    return t;
-
-  default:                      // All else is a mistake
-    typerr(t);
-
-  case Array: {                 // Meeting 2 arrays?
-    const TypeAry* a = t->is_ary();
-    const Type* size = _size->xmeet(a->_size);
-    const TypeInt* isize = size->isa_int();
-    if (isize == nullptr) {
-      assert(size == Type::TOP || size == Type::BOTTOM, "");
-      return size;
-    }
-    return TypeAry::make(_elem->meet_speculative(a->_elem),
-                         isize, _stable && a->_stable,
-                         _flat && a->_flat,
-                         _not_flat && a->_not_flat,
-                         _not_null_free && a->_not_null_free,
-                         _atomic && a->_atomic);
-  }
-  case Top:
-    break;
-  }
-  return this;                  // Return the double constant
-}
-
-//------------------------------xdual------------------------------------------
-// Dual: compute field-by-field dual
-const Type *TypeAry::xdual() const {
-  const TypeInt* size_dual = _size->dual()->is_int();
-  size_dual = normalize_array_size(size_dual);
-  return new TypeAry(_elem->dual(), size_dual, !_stable, !_flat, !_not_flat, !_not_null_free, !_atomic);
+  return (TypeAry*)(new TypeAry(elem, size, stable, flat, not_flat, null_free, not_null_free, atomic))->hashcons();
 }
 
 //------------------------------eq---------------------------------------------
@@ -2532,6 +2471,7 @@ bool TypeAry::eq( const Type *t ) const {
     _size == a->_size &&
     _flat == a->_flat &&
     _not_flat == a->_not_flat &&
+    _null_free == a->_null_free &&
     _not_null_free == a->_not_null_free &&
     _atomic == a->_atomic;
 
@@ -2541,21 +2481,21 @@ bool TypeAry::eq( const Type *t ) const {
 // Type-specific hashing function.
 uint TypeAry::hash(void) const {
   return (uint)(uintptr_t)_elem + (uint)(uintptr_t)_size + (uint)(_stable ? 43 : 0) +
-      (uint)(_flat ? 44 : 0) + (uint)(_not_flat ? 45 : 0) + (uint)(_not_null_free ? 46 : 0) + (uint)(_atomic ? 47 : 0);
+      (uint)(_flat ? 44 : 0) + (uint)(_not_flat ? 45 : 0) + (uint)(_null_free ? 46 : 0) + (uint)(_not_null_free ? 47 : 0) + (uint)(_atomic ? 48 : 0);
 }
 
 /**
  * Return same type without a speculative part in the element
  */
 const TypeAry* TypeAry::remove_speculative() const {
-  return make(_elem->remove_speculative(), _size, _stable, _flat, _not_flat, _not_null_free, _atomic);
+  return make(_elem->remove_speculative(), _size, _stable, _flat, _not_flat, _null_free, _not_null_free, _atomic);
 }
 
 /**
  * Return same type with cleaned up speculative part of element
  */
 const Type* TypeAry::cleanup_speculative() const {
-  return make(_elem->cleanup_speculative(), _size, _stable, _flat, _not_flat, _not_null_free, _atomic);
+  return make(_elem->cleanup_speculative(), _size, _stable, _flat, _not_flat, _null_free, _not_null_free, _atomic);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -2597,15 +2537,7 @@ bool TypeAry::singleton(void) const {
 
 bool TypeAry::empty(void) const {
   assert(!_size->empty(), "TypeInt is never empty");
-  // TODO 8385426 This should be simplified at construction time once we get rid of dual
-  // Doing it with the dual-based join is annoying. TypeAry::empty tests whether the
-  // element type is empty. When computing the dual of an array that can be flat or not,
-  // we will get an element type that is empty, and doesn't need more. We even shouldn't
-  // do more otherwise, we can't make the dual involutive. But if we compute the
-  // intersection of a flat and a non-flat array, we could change the element type to an
-  // empty type to reduce the abstract value. And we must be careful not to do that in
-  // the dual world.
-  return _elem->empty() || (_flat && _not_flat);
+  return _elem->empty() || (_flat && _not_flat) || (_null_free && _not_null_free);
 }
 
 //--------------------------ary_must_be_exact----------------------------------
@@ -2613,41 +2545,39 @@ bool TypeAry::ary_must_be_exact() const {
   // This logic looks at the element type of an array, and returns true
   // if the element type is either a primitive or a final instance class.
   // In such cases, an array built on this ary must have no subclasses.
-  if (_elem == BOTTOM)      return false;  // general array not exact
-  if (_elem == TOP   )      return false;  // inverted general array not exact
-  const TypeOopPtr*  toop = nullptr;
-  if (UseCompressedOops && _elem->isa_narrowoop()) {
-    toop = _elem->make_ptr()->isa_oopptr();
-  } else {
-    toop = _elem->isa_oopptr();
+  if (_elem == BOTTOM) {
+    // general array not exact
+    return false;
+  } else if (_elem == TOP) {
+    // inverted general array not exact
+    return false;
   }
-  if (!toop)                return true;   // a primitive type, like int
-  if (!toop->is_loaded())   return false;  // unloaded class
-  const TypeInstPtr* tinst;
-  if (_elem->isa_narrowoop())
-    tinst = _elem->make_ptr()->isa_instptr();
-  else
-    tinst = _elem->isa_instptr();
-  if (tinst) {
-    if (tinst->instance_klass()->is_final()) {
-      // Even though MyValue is final, [LMyValue is only exact if the array
-      // is (not) null-free due to null-free [LMyValue <: null-able [LMyValue.
-      // TODO 8387653 If we know that the array can't be null-free, it's allowed to be exact, right?
-      // If so, we should add '&& !_not_null_free'
-      if (tinst->is_inlinetypeptr() && (tinst->ptr() != TypePtr::NotNull)) {
-        return false;
-      }
+
+  const TypeOopPtr* toop = _elem->make_oopptr();
+  if (toop == nullptr)  {
+    // a primitive type, like int
+    return true;
+  } else if (!toop->is_loaded()) {
+    // unloaded class
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (const TypeInstPtr* tinst = toop->isa_instptr(); tinst != nullptr) {
+    if (tinst->instance_klass()->is_final()) {
+      // Even though MyValue is final, MyValue[] is only exact if MyValue is not a value class,
+      // because there may be many refined type for MyValue[]
+      if (tinst->is_inlinetypeptr()) {
+        return false;
+      }
       return true;
     }
     return false;
   }
-  const TypeAryPtr*  tap;
-  if (_elem->isa_narrowoop())
-    tap = _elem->make_ptr()->isa_aryptr();
-  else
-    tap = _elem->isa_aryptr();
-  if (tap)
+
+  if (const TypeAryPtr* tap = toop->isa_aryptr(); tap != nullptr) {
     return tap->ary()->ary_must_be_exact();
+  }
+
   return false;
 }
 
@@ -2704,48 +2634,6 @@ const TypeVect* TypeVect::makemask(BasicType elem_bt, uint length) {
   }
 }
 
-//------------------------------meet-------------------------------------------
-// Compute the MEET of two types. Since each TypeVect is the only instance of
-// its species, meeting often returns itself
-const Type* TypeVect::xmeet(const Type* t) const {
-  // Perform a fast test for common case; meeting the same types together.
-  if (this == t) {
-    return this;
-  }
-
-  // Current "this->_base" is Vector
-  switch (t->base()) {          // switch on original type
-
-  case Bottom:                  // Ye Olde Default
-    return t;
-
-  default:                      // All else is a mistake
-    typerr(t);
-  case VectorMask:
-  case VectorA:
-  case VectorS:
-  case VectorD:
-  case VectorX:
-  case VectorY:
-  case VectorZ: {                // Meeting 2 vectors?
-    const TypeVect* v = t->is_vect();
-    assert(base() == v->base(), "");
-    assert(length() == v->length(), "");
-    assert(element_basic_type() == v->element_basic_type(), "");
-    return this;
-  }
-  case Top:
-    break;
-  }
-  return this;
-}
-
-//------------------------------xdual------------------------------------------
-// Since each TypeVect is the only instance of its species, it is self-dual
-const Type* TypeVect::xdual() const {
-  return this;
-}
-
 //------------------------------eq---------------------------------------------
 // Structural equality check for Type representations
 bool TypeVect::eq(const Type* t) const {
@@ -2864,50 +2752,82 @@ const Type *TypePtr::xmeet(const Type *t) const {
   return res;
 }
 
-const Type *TypePtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
-  // Perform a fast test for common case; meeting the same types together.
-  if( this == t ) return this;  // Meeting same type-rep?
+const Type* TypePtr::xmeet_helper(const Type* t) const {
+  if (base() != AnyPtr) {
+    typerr(t);
+  }
 
-  // Current "this->_base" is AnyPtr
-  switch (t->base()) {          // switch on original type
-  case Int:                     // Mixing ints & oops happens when javac
-  case Long:                    // reuses local variables
-  case HalfFloatTop:
-  case HalfFloatCon:
-  case HalfFloatBot:
-  case FloatTop:
-  case FloatCon:
-  case FloatBot:
-  case DoubleTop:
-  case DoubleCon:
-  case DoubleBot:
-  case NarrowOop:
-  case NarrowKlass:
-  case Bottom:                  // Ye Olde Default
-    return Type::BOTTOM;
-  case Top:
-    return this;
+  switch (t->base()) {
+    case AnyPtr: {
+      const TypePtr* tp = t->is_ptr();
+      const TypePtr* speculative = xmeet_speculative(tp);
+      int depth = meet_inline_depth(tp->inline_depth());
+      return make(AnyPtr, meet_ptr(tp->ptr()), meet_offset(tp->offset()), speculative, depth);
+    }
+    case RawPtr:
+    case OopPtr:
+    case InstPtr:
+    case AryPtr:
+    case MetadataPtr:
+    case KlassPtr:
+    case InstKlassPtr:
+    case AryKlassPtr:
+      // Call in reverse direction, delegate to the subtypes to implement the meet
+      return t->is_ptr()->xmeet(this);
+    default:
+      typerr(t);
+  }
+}
 
-  case AnyPtr: {                // Meeting to AnyPtrs
-    const TypePtr *tp = t->is_ptr();
-    const TypePtr* speculative = xmeet_speculative(tp);
-    int depth = meet_inline_depth(tp->inline_depth());
-    return make(AnyPtr, meet_ptr(tp->ptr()), meet_offset(tp->offset()), speculative, depth);
+const Type* TypePtr::xjoin(const Type* t) const {
+  const Type* res = xjoin_helper(t);
+  if (res->isa_ptr() == nullptr) {
+    return res;
   }
-  case RawPtr:                  // For these, flip the call around to cut down
-  case OopPtr:
-  case InstPtr:                 // on the cases I have to handle.
-  case AryPtr:
-  case MetadataPtr:
-  case KlassPtr:
-  case InstKlassPtr:
-  case AryKlassPtr:
-    return t->xmeet(this);      // Call in reverse direction
-  default:                      // All else is a mistake
+
+  const TypePtr* res_ptr = res->is_ptr();
+  if (res_ptr->speculative() != nullptr) {
+    // type->speculative() is null means that speculation is no better
+    // than type, i.e. type->speculative() == type. So there are 2
+    // ways to represent the fact that we have no useful speculative
+    // data and we should use a single one to be able to test for
+    // equality between types. Check whether type->speculative() ==
+    // type and set speculative to null if it is the case.
+    if (res_ptr->remove_speculative() == res_ptr->speculative()) {
+      return res_ptr->remove_speculative();
+    }
+  }
+
+  return res;
+}
+
+const Type* TypePtr::xjoin_helper(const Type* t) const {
+  if (base() != AnyPtr) {
     typerr(t);
+  }
 
+  switch (t->base()) {
+    case AnyPtr: {
+      const TypePtr* tp = t->is_ptr();
+      Offset offset = join_offset(tp->offset());
+      PTR ptr = offset == Offset::top ? TopPTR : join_ptr(tp->ptr());
+      const TypePtr* speculative = xjoin_speculative(tp);
+      int depth = join_inline_depth(tp->inline_depth());
+      return make(AnyPtr, ptr, offset, speculative, depth);
+    }
+    case RawPtr:
+    case OopPtr:
+    case InstPtr:
+    case AryPtr:
+    case MetadataPtr:
+    case KlassPtr:
+    case InstKlassPtr:
+    case AryKlassPtr:
+      // Call in reverse direction
+      return t->is_ptr()->xjoin(this);
+    default:
+      typerr(t);
   }
-  return this;
 }
 
 //------------------------------meet_offset------------------------------------
@@ -2915,32 +2835,20 @@ Type::Offset TypePtr::meet_offset(int offset) const {
   return _offset.meet(Offset(offset));
 }
 
-//------------------------------dual_offset------------------------------------
-Type::Offset TypePtr::dual_offset() const {
-  return _offset.dual();
+Type::Offset TypePtr::join_offset(int offset) const {
+  return _offset.join(Offset(offset));
 }
 
+const char* const TypePtr::flat_in_array_msg[Uninitialized] = {
+  "TOP flat in array", "flat in array", "not flat in array", "maybe flat in array"
+};
+
 //------------------------------xdual------------------------------------------
 // Dual: compute field-by-field dual
 const TypePtr::PTR TypePtr::ptr_dual[TypePtr::lastPTR] = {
   BotPTR, NotNull, Constant, Null, AnyNull, TopPTR
 };
 
-const TypePtr::FlatInArray TypePtr::flat_in_array_dual[Uninitialized] = {
-  /* TopFlat   -> */ MaybeFlat,
-  /* Flat      -> */ NotFlat,
-  /* NotFlat   -> */ Flat,
-  /* MaybeFlat -> */ TopFlat
-};
-
-const char* const TypePtr::flat_in_array_msg[Uninitialized] = {
-  "TOP flat in array", "flat in array", "not flat in array", "maybe flat in array"
-};
-
-const Type *TypePtr::xdual() const {
-  return new TypePtr(AnyPtr, dual_ptr(), dual_offset(), relocInfo::none, dual_speculative(), dual_inline_depth());
-}
-
 //------------------------------xadd_offset------------------------------------
 Type::Offset TypePtr::xadd_offset(intptr_t offset) const {
   return _offset.add(offset);
@@ -3008,54 +2916,55 @@ const Type* TypePtr::cleanup_speculative() const {
   return this;
 }
 
-/**
- * dual of the speculative part of the type
- */
-const TypePtr* TypePtr::dual_speculative() const {
-  if (_speculative == nullptr) {
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-  return _speculative->dual()->is_ptr();
-}
-
 /**
  * meet of the speculative parts of 2 types
  *
  * @param other  type to meet with
  */
 const TypePtr* TypePtr::xmeet_speculative(const TypePtr* other) const {
-  bool this_has_spec = (_speculative != nullptr);
-  bool other_has_spec = (other->speculative() != nullptr);
+  bool this_no_spec = speculative() == nullptr;
+  bool other_no_spec = other->speculative() == nullptr;
 
-  if (!this_has_spec && !other_has_spec) {
+  if (this_no_spec && other_no_spec) {
     return nullptr;
   }
 
-  // If we are at a point where control flow meets and one branch has
-  // a speculative type and the other has not, we meet the speculative
-  // type of one branch with the actual type of the other. If the
-  // actual type is exact and the speculative is as well, then the
-  // result is a speculative type which is exact and we can continue
-  // speculation further.
-  const TypePtr* this_spec = _speculative;
+  // Use the static type if speculative() is nullptr
+  const TypePtr* this_spec = speculative();
   const TypePtr* other_spec = other->speculative();
 
-  if (!this_has_spec) {
+  if (this_no_spec) {
     this_spec = this;
   }
 
-  if (!other_has_spec) {
+  if (other_no_spec) {
     other_spec = other;
   }
 
   return this_spec->meet(other_spec)->is_ptr();
 }
 
-/**
- * dual of the inline depth for this type (used for speculation)
- */
-int TypePtr::dual_inline_depth() const {
-  return -inline_depth();
+const TypePtr* TypePtr::xjoin_speculative(const TypePtr* other) const {
+  bool this_no_spec = speculative() == nullptr;
+  bool other_no_spec = other->speculative() == nullptr;
+
+  if (this_no_spec && other_no_spec) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  // Use the static type if speculative() is nullptr
+  const TypePtr* this_spec = speculative();
+  const TypePtr* other_spec = other->speculative();
+
+  if (this_no_spec) {
+    this_spec = this;
+  }
+
+  if (other_no_spec) {
+    other_spec = other;
+  }
+
+  return this_spec->join(other_spec)->is_ptr();
 }
 
 /**
@@ -3067,6 +2976,10 @@ int TypePtr::meet_inline_depth(int depth) const {
   return MAX2(inline_depth(), depth);
 }
 
+int TypePtr::join_inline_depth(int depth) const {
+  return MIN2(inline_depth(), depth);
+}
+
 /**
  * Are the speculative parts of 2 types equal?
  *
@@ -3357,22 +3270,19 @@ intptr_t TypeRawPtr::get_con() const {
 
 //------------------------------meet-------------------------------------------
 // Compute the MEET of two types.  It returns a new Type object.
-const Type *TypeRawPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
-  // Perform a fast test for common case; meeting the same types together.
-  if( this == t ) return this;  // Meeting same type-rep?
-
-  // Current "this->_base" is RawPtr
-  switch( t->base() ) {         // switch on original type
-  case Bottom:                  // Ye Olde Default
-    return t;
-  case Top:
-    return this;
-  case AnyPtr:                  // Meeting to AnyPtrs
+const Type* TypeRawPtr::xmeet(const Type* t) const {
+  if (base() != RawPtr) {
+    typerr(t);
+  }
+
+  switch (t->base()) {
+  case AnyPtr:
     break;
-  case RawPtr: {                // might be top, bot, any/not or constant
-    enum PTR tptr = t->is_ptr()->ptr();
-    enum PTR ptr = meet_ptr( tptr );
-    if( ptr == Constant ) {     // Cannot be equal constants, so...
+  case RawPtr: {
+    PTR tptr = t->is_ptr()->ptr();
+    PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tptr);
+    if (ptr == Constant) {
+      // Same constant cases have been handled in Type::xmeet(const Type*, const Type*)
       if( tptr == Constant && _ptr != Constant)  return t;
       if( _ptr == Constant && tptr != Constant)  return this;
       ptr = NotNull;            // Fall down in lattice
@@ -3380,14 +3290,6 @@ const Type *TypeRawPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
     return make( ptr );
   }
 
-  case OopPtr:
-  case InstPtr:
-  case AryPtr:
-  case MetadataPtr:
-  case KlassPtr:
-  case InstKlassPtr:
-  case AryKlassPtr:
-    return TypePtr::BOTTOM;     // Oop meet raw is not well defined
   default:                      // All else is a mistake
     typerr(t);
   }
@@ -3409,10 +3311,51 @@ const Type *TypeRawPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
   return this;
 }
 
-//------------------------------xdual------------------------------------------
-// Dual: compute field-by-field dual
-const Type *TypeRawPtr::xdual() const {
-  return new TypeRawPtr(dual_ptr(), _bits, _reloc);
+const Type* TypeRawPtr::xjoin(const Type* t) const {
+  if (base() != RawPtr) {
+    typerr(t);
+  }
+
+  switch (t->base()) {
+    case AnyPtr: {
+      const TypePtr* tp = t->is_ptr();
+      PTR ptr = join_ptr(tp->ptr());
+      switch (tp->ptr()) {
+        case TopPTR:
+        case Null:
+          return TypePtr::make(AnyPtr, ptr, Offset(tp->offset()), tp->speculative(), tp->inline_depth());
+        case NotNull:
+        case BotPTR:
+          return this->ptr() == Constant ? this : make(ptr);
+        default:
+          typerr(t);
+      }
+    }
+
+    case RawPtr: {
+      const TypeRawPtr* tp = t->is_rawptr();
+      PTR ptr = join_ptr(tp->ptr());
+      // this->ptr() can only be Constant, NotNull, BotPTR
+      if (ptr != Constant) {
+        // Neither is a constant
+        return make(ptr);
+      }
+
+      // At least 1 is a constant
+      if (this->ptr() == Constant && tp->ptr() == Constant) {
+        assert(this->_bits != tp->_bits, "should have been handled in Type::xjoin");
+        return TypePtr::make(AnyPtr, TopPTR, Offset(0));
+      } else if (this->ptr() == Constant) {
+        return this;
+      } else {
+        assert(tp->ptr() == Constant, "");
+        return tp;
+      }
+    }
+
+    default:
+      typerr(t);
+  }
 }
 
 //------------------------------add_offset-------------------------------------
@@ -3562,10 +3505,6 @@ uint TypeInterfaces::hash() const {
   return _hash;
 }
 
-const Type* TypeInterfaces::xdual() const {
-  return this;
-}
-
 void TypeInterfaces::compute_hash() {
   uint hash = 0;
   for (int i = 0; i < _interfaces.length(); i++) {
@@ -3721,12 +3660,6 @@ void TypeInterfaces::verify_is_loaded() const {
 }
 #endif
 
-// Can't be implemented because there's no way to know if the type is above or below the center line.
-const Type* TypeInterfaces::xmeet(const Type* t) const {
-  ShouldNotReachHere();
-  return Type::xmeet(t);
-}
-
 bool TypeInterfaces::singleton(void) const {
   ShouldNotReachHere();
   return Type::singleton();
@@ -3751,9 +3684,13 @@ TypeOopPtr::TypeOopPtr(TYPES t, PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, const TypeInterfaces* inter
     _is_ptr_to_strict_final_field(false),
     _instance_id(instance_id) {
 #ifdef ASSERT
+  assert((o != nullptr) == (ptr == TypePtr::Constant), "inconsistent constant status");
+  assert(xk || o == nullptr, "constant must have an exact klass");
   if (klass() != nullptr && klass()->is_loaded()) {
     interfaces->verify_is_loaded();
   }
+  assert(instance_id != InstanceTop, "must not have top instance_id");
+  assert(ptr != Constant || instance_id == InstanceBot, "a constant cannot have an instance_id");
 #endif
   if (Compile::current()->eliminate_boxing() && (t == InstPtr) &&
       (offset.get() > 0) && xk && (k != nullptr) && k->is_instance_klass()) {
@@ -3886,41 +3823,11 @@ const TypeKlassPtr* TypeOopPtr::as_klass_type(bool try_for_exact) const {
 
 //------------------------------meet-------------------------------------------
 // Compute the MEET of two types.  It returns a new Type object.
-const Type *TypeOopPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
-  // Perform a fast test for common case; meeting the same types together.
-  if( this == t ) return this;  // Meeting same type-rep?
-
-  // Current "this->_base" is OopPtr
-  switch (t->base()) {          // switch on original type
-
-  case Int:                     // Mixing ints & oops happens when javac
-  case Long:                    // reuses local variables
-  case HalfFloatTop:
-  case HalfFloatCon:
-  case HalfFloatBot:
-  case FloatTop:
-  case FloatCon:
-  case FloatBot:
-  case DoubleTop:
-  case DoubleCon:
-  case DoubleBot:
-  case NarrowOop:
-  case NarrowKlass:
-  case Bottom:                  // Ye Olde Default
-    return Type::BOTTOM;
-  case Top:
-    return this;
-
-  default:                      // All else is a mistake
+const Type* TypeOopPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
+  if (base() != OopPtr) {
     typerr(t);
-
-  case RawPtr:
-  case MetadataPtr:
-  case KlassPtr:
-  case InstKlassPtr:
-  case AryKlassPtr:
-    return TypePtr::BOTTOM;     // Oop meet raw is not well defined
-
+  }
+  switch (t->base()) {          // switch on original type
   case AnyPtr: {
     // Found an AnyPtr type vs self-OopPtr type
     const TypePtr *tp = t->is_ptr();
@@ -3954,19 +3861,56 @@ const Type *TypeOopPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
 
   case InstPtr:                  // For these, flip the call around to cut down
   case AryPtr:
-    return t->xmeet(this);      // Call in reverse direction
+    return t->is_oopptr()->xmeet_helper(this);      // Call in reverse direction
 
-  } // End of switch
-  return this;                  // Return the double constant
+  default:
+    typerr(t);
+  }
 }
 
+const Type* TypeOopPtr::xjoin_helper(const Type* t) const {
+  if (base() != OopPtr) {
+    typerr(t);
+  }
+
+  switch (t->base()) {
+    case AnyPtr: {
+      const TypePtr* tp = t->is_ptr();
+      Offset offset = join_offset(tp->offset());
+      PTR other_ptr = offset == Offset::top ? TopPTR : tp->ptr();
+      PTR ptr = join_ptr(other_ptr);
+      const TypePtr* speculative = xjoin_speculative(tp);
+      int depth = join_inline_depth(tp->inline_depth());
+
+      switch (other_ptr) {
+        case Null:
+        case TopPTR:
+          return TypePtr::make(AnyPtr, ptr, offset, speculative, depth);
+        case BotPTR:
+        case NotNull: {
+          int instance_id = join_instance_id(InstanceBot);
+          return make(ptr, offset, instance_id, speculative, depth);
+        }
+        default:
+          typerr(t);
+      }
+    }
+
+    case OopPtr: {
+      const TypeOopPtr* tp = t->is_oopptr();
+      int instance_id = join_instance_id(tp->instance_id());
+      const TypePtr* speculative = xjoin_speculative(tp);
+      int depth = join_inline_depth(tp->inline_depth());
+      return make(join_ptr(tp->ptr()), join_offset(tp->offset()), instance_id, speculative, depth);
+    }
+
+    case InstPtr:
+    case AryPtr:
+      return t->is_oopptr()->xjoin_helper(this);
 
-//------------------------------xdual------------------------------------------
-// Dual of a pure heap pointer.  No relevant klass or oop information.
-const Type *TypeOopPtr::xdual() const {
-  assert(klass() == Compile::current()->env()->Object_klass(), "no klasses here");
-  assert(const_oop() == nullptr,             "no constants here");
-  return new TypeOopPtr(_base, dual_ptr(), klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(), const_oop(), dual_offset(), Offset::bottom, dual_instance_id(), dual_speculative(), dual_inline_depth());
+    default:
+      typerr(t);
+  }
 }
 
 //--------------------------make_from_klass_common-----------------------------
@@ -4010,16 +3954,17 @@ const TypeOopPtr* TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass_common(ciKlass *klass, bool klass_
     // Determine null-free/flat properties
     bool flat;
     bool not_flat;
+    bool null_free;
     bool not_null_free;
     bool atomic;
     if (xk) {
       flat = array_klass->is_flat_array_klass();
       not_flat = !flat;
-      bool is_null_free = array_klass->is_elem_null_free();
-      not_null_free = !is_null_free;
+      null_free = array_klass->is_elem_null_free();
+      not_null_free = !null_free;
       atomic = array_klass->is_elem_atomic();
 
-      if (is_null_free) {
+      if (null_free) {
         etype = etype->join_speculative(NOTNULL)->is_oopptr();
       }
     } else {
@@ -4031,12 +3976,13 @@ const TypeOopPtr* TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass_common(ciKlass *klass, bool klass_
 
       flat = false;
       bool not_inline = !exact_etype->can_be_inline_type();
+      null_free = false;
       not_null_free = not_inline;
       not_flat = !UseArrayFlattening || not_inline || (exact_etype->is_inlinetypeptr() && !exact_etype->inline_klass()->maybe_flat_in_array());
       atomic = not_flat;
     }
 
-    const TypeAry* arr0 = TypeAry::make(etype, TypeInt::POS, /* stable= */ false, flat, not_flat, not_null_free, atomic);
+    const TypeAry* arr0 = TypeAry::make(etype, TypeInt::POS, /* stable= */ false, flat, not_flat, null_free, not_null_free, atomic);
     // We used to pass NotNull in here, asserting that the sub-arrays
     // are all not-null.  This is not true in generally, as code can
     // slam nullptrs down in the subarrays.
@@ -4046,7 +3992,7 @@ const TypeOopPtr* TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass_common(ciKlass *klass, bool klass_
     // Element is an typeArray
     const Type* etype = get_const_basic_type(klass->as_type_array_klass()->element_type());
     const TypeAry* arr0 = TypeAry::make(etype, TypeInt::POS,
-                                        /* stable= */ false, /* flat= */ false, /* not_flat= */ true, /* not_null_free= */ true, true);
+                                        /* stable= */ false, /* flat= */ false, /* not_flat= */ true, /*null_free=*/ false, /* not_null_free= */ true, true);
     // We used to pass NotNull in here, asserting that the array pointer
     // is not-null. That was not true in general.
     const TypeAryPtr* arr = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, arr0, klass, true, Offset(0));
@@ -4082,7 +4028,7 @@ const TypeOopPtr* TypeOopPtr::make_from_constant(ciObject* o, bool require_const
     }
     bool is_atomic = o->as_array()->is_atomic();
     const TypeAry* arr0 = TypeAry::make(etype, TypeInt::make(o->as_array()->length()), /* stable= */ false, /* flat= */ is_flat,
-                                        /* not_flat= */ !is_flat, /* not_null_free= */ !is_null_free, /* atomic= */ is_atomic);
+                                        /* not_flat= */ !is_flat, /*null_free=*/ is_null_free, /* not_null_free= */ !is_null_free, /* atomic= */ is_atomic);
     // We used to pass NotNull in here, asserting that the sub-arrays
     // are all not-null.  This is not true in generally, as code can
     // slam nulls down in the subarrays.
@@ -4095,7 +4041,7 @@ const TypeOopPtr* TypeOopPtr::make_from_constant(ciObject* o, bool require_const
     // Element is an typeArray
     const Type* etype = (Type*)get_const_basic_type(klass->as_type_array_klass()->element_type());
     const TypeAry* arr0 = TypeAry::make(etype, TypeInt::make(o->as_array()->length()), /* stable= */ false, /* flat= */ false,
-                                        /* not_flat= */ true, /* not_null_free= */ true, true);
+                                        /* not_flat= */ true, /*null_free=*/ false, /* not_null_free= */ true, true);
     // We used to pass NotNull in here, asserting that the array pointer
     // is not-null. That was not true in general.
     if (make_constant) {
@@ -4264,23 +4210,31 @@ int TypeOopPtr::meet_instance_id( int instance_id ) const {
   return _instance_id;
 }
 
-//------------------------------dual_instance_id--------------------------------
-int TypeOopPtr::dual_instance_id( ) const {
-  if( _instance_id == InstanceTop ) return InstanceBot; // Map TOP into BOTTOM
-  if( _instance_id == InstanceBot ) return InstanceTop; // Map BOTTOM into TOP
-  return _instance_id;              // Map everything else into self
+int TypeOopPtr::join_instance_id(int uid) const {
+  if (_instance_id == InstanceBot) {
+    return uid;
+  } else if (uid == InstanceBot) {
+    return _instance_id;
+  }
+  if (_instance_id != uid) {
+    return InstanceTop;
+  } else {
+    return _instance_id;
+  }
 }
 
-
 const TypeInterfaces* TypeOopPtr::meet_interfaces(const TypeOopPtr* other) const {
-  if (above_centerline(_ptr) && above_centerline(other->_ptr)) {
-    return _interfaces->union_with(other->_interfaces);
-  } else if (above_centerline(_ptr) && !above_centerline(other->_ptr)) {
-    return other->_interfaces;
-  } else if (above_centerline(other->_ptr) && !above_centerline(_ptr)) {
-    return _interfaces;
+  if (above_centerline(ptr()) || above_centerline(other->ptr())) {
+    typerr(other);
+  }
+  return interfaces()->intersection_with(other->interfaces());
+}
+
+const TypeInterfaces* TypeOopPtr::join_interfaces(const TypeOopPtr* other) const {
+  if (above_centerline(ptr()) || above_centerline(other->ptr())) {
+    typerr(other);
   }
-  return _interfaces->intersection_with(other->_interfaces);
+  return interfaces()->union_with(other->interfaces());
 }
 
 /**
@@ -4332,6 +4286,8 @@ TypeInstPtr::TypeInstPtr(PTR ptr, ciKlass* k, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces,
   assert(k != nullptr &&
          (k->is_loaded() || o == nullptr),
          "cannot have constants with non-loaded klass");
+  assert(!xk || k->is_loaded(), "pointer to an oop of an exact type must be loaded");
+  assert(!xk || interfaces->eq(k->as_instance_klass()), "inconsistency between k and interfaces");
 };
 
 //------------------------------make-------------------------------------------
@@ -4432,114 +4388,24 @@ const TypeInstPtr* TypeInstPtr::cast_to_instance_id(int instance_id) const {
   return make(_ptr, klass(), _interfaces, _klass_is_exact, const_oop(), _offset, _flat_in_array, instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth);
 }
 
-//------------------------------xmeet_unloaded---------------------------------
-// Compute the MEET of two InstPtrs when at least one is unloaded.
-// Assume classes are different since called after check for same name/class-loader
-const TypeInstPtr *TypeInstPtr::xmeet_unloaded(const TypeInstPtr *tinst, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces) const {
-  Offset off = meet_offset(tinst->offset());
-  PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tinst->ptr());
-  int instance_id = meet_instance_id(tinst->instance_id());
-  const TypePtr* speculative = xmeet_speculative(tinst);
-  int depth = meet_inline_depth(tinst->inline_depth());
-
-  const TypeInstPtr *loaded    = is_loaded() ? this  : tinst;
-  const TypeInstPtr *unloaded  = is_loaded() ? tinst : this;
-  if( loaded->klass()->equals(ciEnv::current()->Object_klass()) ) {
-    //
-    // Meet unloaded class with java/lang/Object
-    //
-    // Meet
-    //          |                     Unloaded Class
-    //  Object  |   TOP    |   AnyNull | Constant |   NotNull |  BOTTOM   |
-    //  ===================================================================
-    //   TOP    | ..........................Unloaded......................|
-    //  AnyNull |  U-AN    |................Unloaded......................|
-    // Constant | ... O-NN .................................. |   O-BOT   |
-    //  NotNull | ... O-NN .................................. |   O-BOT   |
-    //  BOTTOM  | ........................Object-BOTTOM ..................|
-    //
-    assert(loaded->ptr() != TypePtr::Null, "insanity check");
-    //
-    if (loaded->ptr() == TypePtr::TopPTR)        { return unloaded->with_speculative(speculative); }
-    else if (loaded->ptr() == TypePtr::AnyNull)  {
-      FlatInArray flat_in_array = meet_flat_in_array(_flat_in_array, tinst->flat_in_array());
-      return make(ptr, unloaded->klass(), interfaces, false, nullptr, off, flat_in_array, instance_id,
-                  speculative, depth);
-    }
-    else if (loaded->ptr() == TypePtr::BotPTR)   { return TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM->with_speculative(speculative); }
-    else if (loaded->ptr() == TypePtr::Constant || loaded->ptr() == TypePtr::NotNull) {
-      if (unloaded->ptr() == TypePtr::BotPTR)    { return TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM->with_speculative(speculative);  }
-      else                                       { return TypeInstPtr::NOTNULL->with_speculative(speculative); }
-    }
-    else if (unloaded->ptr() == TypePtr::TopPTR) { return unloaded->with_speculative(speculative); }
-
-    return unloaded->cast_to_ptr_type(TypePtr::AnyNull)->is_instptr()->with_speculative(speculative);
-  }
-
-  // Both are unloaded, not the same class, not Object
-  // Or meet unloaded with a different loaded class, not java/lang/Object
-  if (ptr != TypePtr::BotPTR) {
-    return TypeInstPtr::NOTNULL->with_speculative(speculative);
-  }
-  return TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM->with_speculative(speculative);
-}
-
-
 //------------------------------meet-------------------------------------------
 // Compute the MEET of two types.  It returns a new Type object.
-const Type *TypeInstPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
-  // Perform a fast test for common case; meeting the same types together.
-  if( this == t ) return this;  // Meeting same type-rep?
+const Type* TypeInstPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type* t) const {
+  if (base() != InstPtr) {
+    typerr(t);
+  }
 
   // Current "this->_base" is Pointer
   switch (t->base()) {          // switch on original type
-
-  case Int:                     // Mixing ints & oops happens when javac
-  case Long:                    // reuses local variables
-  case HalfFloatTop:
-  case HalfFloatCon:
-  case HalfFloatBot:
-  case FloatTop:
-  case FloatCon:
-  case FloatBot:
-  case DoubleTop:
-  case DoubleCon:
-  case DoubleBot:
-  case NarrowOop:
-  case NarrowKlass:
-  case Bottom:                  // Ye Olde Default
-    return Type::BOTTOM;
-  case Top:
-    return this;
-
   default:                      // All else is a mistake
     typerr(t);
 
-  case MetadataPtr:
-  case KlassPtr:
-  case InstKlassPtr:
-  case AryKlassPtr:
-  case RawPtr: return TypePtr::BOTTOM;
-
-  case AryPtr: {                // All arrays inherit from Object class
-    // Call in reverse direction to avoid duplication
-    return t->is_aryptr()->xmeet_helper(this);
-  }
-
   case OopPtr: {                // Meeting to OopPtrs
     // Found a OopPtr type vs self-InstPtr type
     const TypeOopPtr *tp = t->is_oopptr();
     Offset offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
     PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tp->ptr());
     switch (tp->ptr()) {
-    case TopPTR:
-    case AnyNull: {
-      int instance_id = meet_instance_id(InstanceTop);
-      const TypePtr* speculative = xmeet_speculative(tp);
-      int depth = meet_inline_depth(tp->inline_depth());
-      return make(ptr, klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(),
-                  (ptr == Constant ? const_oop() : nullptr), offset, flat_in_array(), instance_id, speculative, depth);
-    }
     case NotNull:
     case BotPTR: {
       int instance_id = meet_instance_id(tp->instance_id());
@@ -4575,230 +4441,47 @@ const Type *TypeInstPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
     }
   }
 
-  /*
-                 A-top         }
-               /   |   \       }  Tops
-           B-top A-any C-top   }
-              | /  |  \ |      }  Any-nulls
-           B-any   |   C-any   }
-              |    |    |
-           B-con A-con C-con   } constants; not comparable across classes
-              |    |    |
-           B-not   |   C-not   }
-              | \  |  / |      }  not-nulls
-           B-bot A-not C-bot   }
-               \   |   /       }  Bottoms
-                 A-bot         }
-  */
-
-  case InstPtr: {                // Meeting 2 Oops?
-    // Found an InstPtr sub-type vs self-InstPtr type
-    const TypeInstPtr *tinst = t->is_instptr();
-    Offset off = meet_offset(tinst->offset());
-    PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tinst->ptr());
-    int instance_id = meet_instance_id(tinst->instance_id());
-    const TypePtr* speculative = xmeet_speculative(tinst);
-    int depth = meet_inline_depth(tinst->inline_depth());
-    const TypeInterfaces* interfaces = meet_interfaces(tinst);
-
-    ciKlass* tinst_klass = tinst->klass();
-    ciKlass* this_klass  = klass();
-
-    ciKlass* res_klass = nullptr;
-    bool res_xk = false;
-    const Type* res;
-    MeetResult kind = meet_instptr(ptr, interfaces, this, tinst, res_klass, res_xk);
-
-    if (kind == UNLOADED) {
-      // One of these classes has not been loaded
-      const TypeInstPtr* unloaded_meet = xmeet_unloaded(tinst, interfaces);
-#ifndef PRODUCT
-      if (PrintOpto && Verbose) {
-        tty->print("meet of unloaded classes resulted in: ");
-        unloaded_meet->dump();
-        tty->cr();
-        tty->print("  this == ");
-        dump();
-        tty->cr();
-        tty->print(" tinst == ");
-        tinst->dump();
-        tty->cr();
-      }
-#endif
-      res = unloaded_meet;
-    } else {
-      FlatInArray flat_in_array = meet_flat_in_array(_flat_in_array, tinst->flat_in_array());
-      if (kind == NOT_SUBTYPE && instance_id > 0) {
-        instance_id = InstanceBot;
-      } else if (kind == LCA) {
-        instance_id = InstanceBot;
-      }
-      ciObject* o = nullptr;             // Assume not constant when done
-      ciObject* this_oop = const_oop();
-      ciObject* tinst_oop = tinst->const_oop();
-      if (ptr == Constant) {
-        if (this_oop != nullptr && tinst_oop != nullptr &&
-            this_oop->equals(tinst_oop))
-          o = this_oop;
-        else if (above_centerline(_ptr)) {
-          assert(!tinst_klass->is_interface(), "");
-          o = tinst_oop;
-        } else if (above_centerline(tinst->_ptr)) {
-          assert(!this_klass->is_interface(), "");
-          o = this_oop;
-        } else
-          ptr = NotNull;
-      }
-      res = make(ptr, res_klass, interfaces, res_xk, o, off, flat_in_array, instance_id, speculative, depth);
-    }
-
-    return res;
-
-  } // End of case InstPtr
-
+  case InstPtr:
+  case AryPtr:
+    return TypeJavaPtrMeetHelper::javaptr_type_xmeet<TypeOopPtr>(this, t->is_oopptr());
   } // End of switch
-  return this;                  // Return the double constant
 }
 
-template<class T> TypePtr::MeetResult TypePtr::meet_instptr(PTR& ptr, const TypeInterfaces*& interfaces, const T* this_type, const T* other_type,
-                                                            ciKlass*& res_klass, bool& res_xk) {
-  ciKlass* this_klass = this_type->klass();
-  ciKlass* other_klass = other_type->klass();
-
-  bool this_xk = this_type->klass_is_exact();
-  bool other_xk = other_type->klass_is_exact();
-  PTR this_ptr = this_type->ptr();
-  PTR other_ptr = other_type->ptr();
-  const TypeInterfaces* this_interfaces = this_type->interfaces();
-  const TypeInterfaces* other_interfaces = other_type->interfaces();
-  // Check for easy case; klasses are equal (and perhaps not loaded!)
-  // If we have constants, then we created oops so classes are loaded
-  // and we can handle the constants further down.  This case handles
-  // both-not-loaded or both-loaded classes
-  if (ptr != Constant && this_klass->equals(other_klass) && this_xk == other_xk) {
-    res_klass = this_klass;
-    res_xk = this_xk;
-    return QUICK;
-  }
-
-  // Classes require inspection in the Java klass hierarchy.  Must be loaded.
-  if (!other_klass->is_loaded() || !this_klass->is_loaded()) {
-    return UNLOADED;
-  }
-
-  // !!! Here's how the symmetry requirement breaks down into invariants:
-  // If we split one up & one down AND they subtype, take the down man.
-  // If we split one up & one down AND they do NOT subtype, "fall hard".
-  // If both are up and they subtype, take the subtype class.
-  // If both are up and they do NOT subtype, "fall hard".
-  // If both are down and they subtype, take the supertype class.
-  // If both are down and they do NOT subtype, "fall hard".
-  // Constants treated as down.
-
-  // Now, reorder the above list; observe that both-down+subtype is also
-  // "fall hard"; "fall hard" becomes the default case:
-  // If we split one up & one down AND they subtype, take the down man.
-  // If both are up and they subtype, take the subtype class.
-
-  // If both are down and they subtype, "fall hard".
-  // If both are down and they do NOT subtype, "fall hard".
-  // If both are up and they do NOT subtype, "fall hard".
-  // If we split one up & one down AND they do NOT subtype, "fall hard".
-
-  // If a proper subtype is exact, and we return it, we return it exactly.
-  // If a proper supertype is exact, there can be no subtyping relationship!
-  // If both types are equal to the subtype, exactness is and-ed below the
-  // centerline and or-ed above it.  (N.B. Constants are always exact.)
-
-  const T* subtype = nullptr;
-  bool subtype_exact = false;
-  if (this_type->is_same_java_type_as(other_type)) {
-    // Same klass
-    subtype = this_type;
-    subtype_exact = below_centerline(ptr) ? (this_xk && other_xk) : (this_xk || other_xk);
-  } else if (!other_xk && this_type->is_meet_subtype_of(other_type)) {
-    subtype = this_type;     // Pick subtyping class
-    subtype_exact = this_xk;
-  } else if (!this_xk && other_type->is_meet_subtype_of(this_type)) {
-    subtype = other_type;    // Pick subtyping class
-    subtype_exact = other_xk;
-  }
-
-  if (subtype != nullptr) {
-    if (above_centerline(ptr)) {
-      // Both types are empty.
-      this_type = other_type = subtype;
-      this_xk = other_xk = subtype_exact;
-    } else if (above_centerline(this_ptr) && !above_centerline(other_ptr)) {
-      // this_type is empty while other_type is not. Take other_type.
-      this_type = other_type;
-      this_xk = other_xk;
-    } else if (above_centerline(other_ptr) && !above_centerline(this_ptr)) {
-      // other_type is empty while this_type is not. Take this_type.
-      other_type = this_type; // this is down; keep down man
-    } else {
-      // this_type and other_type are both non-empty.
-      this_xk = subtype_exact;  // either they are equal, or we'll do an LCA
-    }
-  }
-
-  // Check for classes now being equal
-  if (this_type->is_same_java_type_as(other_type)) {
-    // If the klasses are equal, the constants may still differ.  Fall to
-    // NotNull if they do (neither constant is null; that is a special case
-    // handled elsewhere).
-    res_klass = this_type->klass();
-    res_xk = this_xk;
-    return SUBTYPE;
-  } // Else classes are not equal
-
-  // Since klasses are different, we require a LCA in the Java
-  // class hierarchy - which means we have to fall to at least NotNull.
-  if (ptr == TopPTR || ptr == AnyNull || ptr == Constant) {
-    ptr = NotNull;
+const Type* TypeInstPtr::xjoin_helper(const Type* t) const {
+  if (base() != InstPtr) {
+    typerr(t);
   }
 
-  interfaces = this_interfaces->intersection_with(other_interfaces);
-
-  // Now we find the LCA of Java classes
-  ciKlass* k = this_klass->least_common_ancestor(other_klass);
-
-  res_klass = k;
-  res_xk = false;
-  return LCA;
-}
+  switch (t->base()) {
+    case AnyPtr:
+    case OopPtr: {
+      const TypePtr* tp = t->is_ptr();
+      Offset offset = join_offset(tp->offset());
+      PTR other_ptr = offset == Offset::top ? TopPTR : tp->ptr();
+      PTR ptr = join_ptr(other_ptr);
+      const TypePtr* speculative = xjoin_speculative(tp);
+      int depth = join_inline_depth(tp->inline_depth());
+
+      switch (other_ptr) {
+        case TopPTR:
+        case Null:
+          return TypePtr::make(AnyPtr, ptr, offset, speculative, depth);
+        case NotNull:
+        case BotPTR: {
+          int instance_id = join_instance_id(InstanceBot);
+          return make(ptr, klass(), interfaces(), klass_is_exact(), const_oop(), offset, flat_in_array(), instance_id, speculative, depth);
+        }
+        default:
+          typerr(t);
+      }
+    }
 
-//                Top-Flat    Flat        Not-Flat    Maybe-Flat
-// -------------------------------------------------------------
-//    Top-Flat    Top-Flat    Flat        Not-Flat    Maybe-Flat
-//        Flat    Flat        Flat        Maybe-Flat  Maybe-Flat
-//    Not-Flat    Not-Flat    Maybe-Flat  Not-Flat    Maybe-Flat
-//  Maybe-Flat    Maybe-Flat  Maybe-Flat  Maybe-Flat  Maybe-flat
-TypePtr::FlatInArray TypePtr::meet_flat_in_array(const FlatInArray left, const FlatInArray right) {
-  if (left == TopFlat) {
-    return right;
-  }
-  if (right == TopFlat) {
-    return left;
-  }
-  if (left == MaybeFlat || right == MaybeFlat) {
-    return MaybeFlat;
-  }
+    case InstPtr:
+    case AryPtr:
+      return TypeJavaPtrJoinHelper::javaptr_type_xjoin<TypeOopPtr>(this, t->is_oopptr());
 
-  switch (left) {
-    case Flat:
-      if (right == Flat) {
-        return Flat;
-      }
-      return MaybeFlat;
-    case NotFlat:
-      if (right == NotFlat) {
-        return NotFlat;
-      }
-      return MaybeFlat;
     default:
-      ShouldNotReachHere();
-      return Uninitialized;
+      typerr(t);
   }
 }
 
@@ -4812,15 +4495,6 @@ ciType* TypeInstPtr::java_mirror_type() const {
   return const_oop()->as_instance()->java_mirror_type();
 }
 
-
-//------------------------------xdual------------------------------------------
-// Dual: do NOT dual on klasses.  This means I do NOT understand the Java
-// inheritance mechanism.
-const Type* TypeInstPtr::xdual() const {
-  return new TypeInstPtr(dual_ptr(), klass(), _interfaces, klass_is_exact(), const_oop(), dual_offset(),
-                         dual_flat_in_array(), dual_instance_id(), dual_speculative(), dual_inline_depth());
-}
-
 //------------------------------eq---------------------------------------------
 // Structural equality check for Type representations
 bool TypeInstPtr::eq( const Type *t ) const {
@@ -4955,67 +4629,6 @@ const TypeKlassPtr* TypeInstPtr::as_klass_type(bool try_for_exact) const {
   return TypeInstKlassPtr::make(xk ? TypePtr::Constant : TypePtr::NotNull, klass(), _interfaces, Offset(0), flat_in_array);
 }
 
-template <class T1, class T2> bool TypePtr::is_meet_subtype_of_helper_for_instance(const T1* this_one, const T2* other, bool this_xk, bool other_xk) {
-  static_assert(std::is_base_of<T2, T1>::value, "");
-
-  if (!this_one->is_instance_type(other)) {
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  if (other->klass() == ciEnv::current()->Object_klass() && other->_interfaces->empty()) {
-    return true;
-  }
-
-  return this_one->klass()->is_subtype_of(other->klass()) &&
-         (!this_xk || this_one->_interfaces->contains(other->_interfaces));
-}
-
-
-bool TypeInstPtr::is_meet_subtype_of_helper(const TypeOopPtr *other, bool this_xk, bool other_xk) const {
-  return TypePtr::is_meet_subtype_of_helper_for_instance(this, other, this_xk, other_xk);
-}
-
-template <class T1, class T2>  bool TypePtr::is_meet_subtype_of_helper_for_array(const T1* this_one, const T2* other, bool this_xk, bool other_xk) {
-  static_assert(std::is_base_of<T2, T1>::value, "");
-  if (other->klass() == ciEnv::current()->Object_klass() && other->_interfaces->empty()) {
-    return true;
-  }
-
-  if (this_one->is_instance_type(other)) {
-    return other->klass() == ciEnv::current()->Object_klass() && this_one->_interfaces->contains(other->_interfaces);
-  }
-
-  int dummy;
-  bool this_top_or_bottom = (this_one->base_element_type(dummy) == Type::TOP || this_one->base_element_type(dummy) == Type::BOTTOM);
-  if (this_top_or_bottom) {
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  const T1* other_ary = this_one->is_array_type(other);
-  const TypePtr* other_elem = other_ary->elem()->make_ptr();
-  const TypePtr* this_elem = this_one->elem()->make_ptr();
-  if (other_elem != nullptr && this_elem != nullptr) {
-    return this_one->is_reference_type(this_elem)->is_meet_subtype_of_helper(this_one->is_reference_type(other_elem), this_xk, other_xk);
-  }
-  if (other_elem == nullptr && this_elem == nullptr) {
-    return this_one->klass()->is_subtype_of(other->klass());
-  }
-
-  return false;
-}
-
-bool TypeAryPtr::is_meet_subtype_of_helper(const TypeOopPtr *other, bool this_xk, bool other_xk) const {
-  return TypePtr::is_meet_subtype_of_helper_for_array(this, other, this_xk, other_xk);
-}
-
-bool TypeInstKlassPtr::is_meet_subtype_of_helper(const TypeKlassPtr *other, bool this_xk, bool other_xk) const {
-  return TypePtr::is_meet_subtype_of_helper_for_instance(this, other, this_xk, other_xk);
-}
-
-bool TypeAryKlassPtr::is_meet_subtype_of_helper(const TypeKlassPtr *other, bool this_xk, bool other_xk) const {
-  return TypePtr::is_meet_subtype_of_helper_for_array(this, other, this_xk, other_xk);
-}
-
 //=============================================================================
 // Convenience common pre-built types.
 const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::BOTTOM;
@@ -5136,7 +4749,7 @@ const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::cast_to_size(const TypeInt* new_size) const {
   assert(new_size != nullptr, "");
   new_size = narrow_size_type(new_size);
   if (new_size == size())  return this;
-  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(elem(), new_size, is_stable(), is_flat(), is_not_flat(), is_not_null_free(), is_atomic());
+  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(elem(), new_size, is_stable(), is_flat(), is_not_flat(), is_null_free(), is_not_null_free(), is_atomic());
   return make(ptr(), const_oop(), new_ary, klass(), klass_is_exact(), _offset, _field_offset, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth, _is_autobox_cache);
 }
 
@@ -5145,7 +4758,7 @@ const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::cast_to_flat(bool flat) const {
     return this;
   }
   assert(!flat || !is_not_flat(), "inconsistency");
-  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(elem(), size(), is_stable(), flat, is_not_flat(), is_not_null_free(), is_atomic());
+  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(elem(), size(), is_stable(), flat, is_not_flat(), is_null_free(), is_not_null_free(), is_atomic());
   const TypeAryPtr* res = make(ptr(), const_oop(), new_ary, klass(), klass_is_exact(), _offset, _field_offset, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth, _is_autobox_cache);
   if (res->speculative() == res->remove_speculative()) {
     return res->remove_speculative();
@@ -5159,7 +4772,7 @@ const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::cast_to_not_flat(bool not_flat) const {
     return this;
   }
   assert(!not_flat || !is_flat(), "inconsistency");
-  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(elem(), size(), is_stable(), is_flat(), not_flat, is_not_null_free(), is_atomic());
+  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(elem(), size(), is_stable(), is_flat(), not_flat, is_null_free(), is_not_null_free(), is_atomic());
   const TypeAryPtr* res = make(ptr(), const_oop(), new_ary, klass(), klass_is_exact(), _offset, _field_offset, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth, _is_autobox_cache);
   // We keep the speculative part if it contains information about flat-/nullability.
   // Make sure it's removed if it's not better than the non-speculative type anymore.
@@ -5182,7 +4795,7 @@ const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::cast_to_null_free(bool null_free) const {
     new_elem = new_elem->meet_speculative(TypePtr::NULL_PTR);
   }
   new_elem = elem->isa_narrowoop() ? new_elem->make_narrowoop() : new_elem;
-  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(new_elem, size(), is_stable(), is_flat(), is_not_flat(), is_not_null_free(), is_atomic());
+  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(new_elem, size(), is_stable(), is_flat(), is_not_flat(), null_free, is_not_null_free(), is_atomic());
   const TypeAryPtr* res = make(ptr(), const_oop(), new_ary, klass(), klass_is_exact(), _offset, _field_offset, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth, _is_autobox_cache);
   if (res->speculative() == res->remove_speculative()) {
     return res->remove_speculative();
@@ -5198,7 +4811,7 @@ const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::cast_to_not_null_free(bool not_null_free) const {
     return this;
   }
   assert(!not_null_free || !is_null_free(), "inconsistency");
-  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(elem(), size(), is_stable(), is_flat(), is_not_flat(), not_null_free, is_atomic());
+  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(elem(), size(), is_stable(), is_flat(), is_not_flat(), is_null_free(), not_null_free, is_atomic());
   const TypePtr* new_spec = _speculative;
   if (new_spec != nullptr) {
     // Could be 'null free' from profiling, which would contradict the cast.
@@ -5263,7 +4876,7 @@ const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::cast_to_stable(bool stable, int stable_dimension)
     elem = elem_ptr = elem_ptr->is_aryptr()->cast_to_stable(stable, stable_dimension - 1);
   }
 
-  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(elem, size(), stable, is_flat(), is_not_flat(), is_not_null_free(), is_atomic());
+  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(elem, size(), stable, is_flat(), is_not_flat(), is_null_free(), is_not_null_free(), is_atomic());
 
   return make(ptr(), const_oop(), new_ary, klass(), klass_is_exact(), _offset, _field_offset, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth, _is_autobox_cache);
 }
@@ -5285,7 +4898,7 @@ const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryPtr::cast_to_autobox_cache() const {
   if (etype == nullptr)  return this;
   // The pointers in the autobox arrays are always non-null.
   etype = etype->cast_to_ptr_type(TypePtr::NotNull)->is_oopptr();
-  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(etype, size(), is_stable(), is_flat(), is_not_flat(), is_not_null_free(), is_atomic());
+  const TypeAry* new_ary = TypeAry::make(etype, size(), is_stable(), is_flat(), is_not_flat(), is_null_free(), is_not_null_free(), is_atomic());
   return make(ptr(), const_oop(), new_ary, klass(), klass_is_exact(), _offset, _field_offset, _instance_id, _speculative, _inline_depth, /*is_autobox_cache=*/true);
 }
 
@@ -5318,31 +4931,13 @@ bool TypeAryPtr::maybe_java_subtype_of_helper(const TypeOopPtr* other, bool this
 }
 //------------------------------meet-------------------------------------------
 // Compute the MEET of two types.  It returns a new Type object.
-const Type *TypeAryPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
-  // Perform a fast test for common case; meeting the same types together.
-  if( this == t ) return this;  // Meeting same type-rep?
+const Type* TypeAryPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type* t) const {
+  if (base() != AryPtr) {
+    typerr(t);
+  }
+
   // Current "this->_base" is Pointer
   switch (t->base()) {          // switch on original type
-
-  // Mixing ints & oops happens when javac reuses local variables
-  case Int:
-  case Long:
-  case HalfFloatTop:
-  case HalfFloatCon:
-  case HalfFloatBot:
-  case FloatTop:
-  case FloatCon:
-  case FloatBot:
-  case DoubleTop:
-  case DoubleCon:
-  case DoubleBot:
-  case NarrowOop:
-  case NarrowKlass:
-  case Bottom:                  // Ye Olde Default
-    return Type::BOTTOM;
-  case Top:
-    return this;
-
   default:                      // All else is a mistake
     typerr(t);
 
@@ -5354,12 +4949,6 @@ const Type *TypeAryPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
     int depth = meet_inline_depth(tp->inline_depth());
     const TypePtr* speculative = xmeet_speculative(tp);
     switch (tp->ptr()) {
-    case TopPTR:
-    case AnyNull: {
-      int instance_id = meet_instance_id(InstanceTop);
-      return make(ptr, (ptr == Constant ? const_oop() : nullptr),
-                  _ary, _klass, _klass_is_exact, offset, _field_offset, instance_id, speculative, depth);
-    }
     case BotPTR:
     case NotNull: {
       int instance_id = meet_instance_id(tp->instance_id());
@@ -5394,293 +4983,48 @@ const Type *TypeAryPtr::xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const {
     }
   }
 
-  case MetadataPtr:
-  case KlassPtr:
-  case InstKlassPtr:
-  case AryKlassPtr:
-  case RawPtr: return TypePtr::BOTTOM;
-
-  case AryPtr: {                // Meeting 2 references?
-    const TypeAryPtr *tap = t->is_aryptr();
-    Offset off = meet_offset(tap->offset());
-    Offset field_off = meet_field_offset(tap->field_offset());
-    const Type* tm = _ary->meet_speculative(tap->_ary);
-    const TypeAry* tary = tm->isa_ary();
-    if (tary == nullptr) {
-      assert(tm == Type::TOP || tm == Type::BOTTOM, "");
-      return tm;
-    }
-    PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tap->ptr());
-    int instance_id = meet_instance_id(tap->instance_id());
-    const TypePtr* speculative = xmeet_speculative(tap);
-    int depth = meet_inline_depth(tap->inline_depth());
-
-    ciKlass* res_klass = nullptr;
-    bool res_xk = false;
-    bool res_flat = false;
-    bool res_not_flat = false;
-    bool res_not_null_free = false;
-    bool res_atomic = false;
-    const Type* elem = tary->_elem;
-    if (meet_aryptr(ptr, elem, this, tap, res_klass, res_xk, res_flat, res_not_flat, res_not_null_free, res_atomic) == NOT_SUBTYPE) {
-      instance_id = InstanceBot;
-    } else if (this->is_flat() != tap->is_flat()) {
-      // Meeting flat inline type array with non-flat array. Adjust (field) offset accordingly.
-      if (tary->_flat) {
-        // Result is in a flat representation
-        off = Offset(is_flat() ? offset() : tap->offset());
-        field_off = is_flat() ? field_offset() : tap->field_offset();
-      } else if (below_centerline(ptr)) {
-        // Result is in a non-flat representation
-        off = Offset(flat_offset()).meet(Offset(tap->flat_offset()));
-        field_off = (field_off == Offset::top) ? Offset::top : Offset::bottom;
-      } else if (flat_offset() == tap->flat_offset()) {
-        off = Offset(!is_flat() ? offset() : tap->offset());
-        field_off = !is_flat() ? field_offset() : tap->field_offset();
-      }
-    }
-
-    ciObject* o = nullptr;             // Assume not constant when done
-    ciObject* this_oop = const_oop();
-    ciObject* tap_oop = tap->const_oop();
-    if (ptr == Constant) {
-      if (this_oop != nullptr && tap_oop != nullptr &&
-          this_oop->equals(tap_oop)) {
-        o = tap_oop;
-      } else if (above_centerline(_ptr)) {
-        o = tap_oop;
-      } else if (above_centerline(tap->_ptr)) {
-        o = this_oop;
-      } else {
-        ptr = NotNull;
-      }
-    }
-    return make(ptr, o, TypeAry::make(elem, tary->_size, tary->_stable, res_flat, res_not_flat, res_not_null_free, res_atomic), res_klass, res_xk, off, field_off, instance_id, speculative, depth);
-  }
-
-  // All arrays inherit from Object class
-  case InstPtr: {
-    const TypeInstPtr *tp = t->is_instptr();
-    Offset offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
-    PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tp->ptr());
-    int instance_id = meet_instance_id(tp->instance_id());
-    const TypePtr* speculative = xmeet_speculative(tp);
-    int depth = meet_inline_depth(tp->inline_depth());
-    const TypeInterfaces* interfaces = meet_interfaces(tp);
-    const TypeInterfaces* tp_interfaces = tp->_interfaces;
-    const TypeInterfaces* this_interfaces = _interfaces;
-
-    switch (ptr) {
-    case TopPTR:
-    case AnyNull:                // Fall 'down' to dual of object klass
-      // For instances when a subclass meets a superclass we fall
-      // below the centerline when the superclass is exact. We need to
-      // do the same here.
-      //
-      // Flat in array:
-      // We do
-      //   dual(TypeAryPtr) MEET dual(TypeInstPtr)
-      // If TypeInstPtr is anything else than Object, then the result of the meet is bottom Object (i.e. we could have
-      // instances or arrays).
-      // If TypeInstPtr is an Object and either
-      // - exact
-      // - inexact AND flat in array == dual(not flat in array) (i.e. not an array type)
-      // then the result of the meet is bottom Object (i.e. we could have instances or arrays).
-      // Otherwise, we meet two array pointers and create a new TypeAryPtr.
-      if (tp->klass()->equals(ciEnv::current()->Object_klass()) && this_interfaces->contains(tp_interfaces) &&
-          !tp->klass_is_exact() && !tp->is_not_flat_in_array()) {
-        return TypeAryPtr::make(ptr, _ary, _klass, _klass_is_exact, offset, _field_offset, instance_id, speculative, depth);
-      } else {
-        // cannot subclass, so the meet has to fall badly below the centerline
-        ptr = NotNull;
-        instance_id = InstanceBot;
-        interfaces = this_interfaces->intersection_with(tp_interfaces);
-        FlatInArray flat_in_array = meet_flat_in_array(NotFlat, tp->flat_in_array());
-        return TypeInstPtr::make(ptr, ciEnv::current()->Object_klass(), interfaces, false, nullptr, offset, flat_in_array, instance_id, speculative, depth);
-      }
-    case Constant:
-    case NotNull:
-    case BotPTR: { // Fall down to object klass
-      // LCA is object_klass, but if we subclass from the top we can do better
-      if (above_centerline(tp->ptr())) {
-        // If 'tp'  is above the centerline and it is Object class
-        // then we can subclass in the Java class hierarchy.
-        // For instances when a subclass meets a superclass we fall
-        // below the centerline when the superclass is exact. We need
-        // to do the same here.
-
-        // Flat in array: We do TypeAryPtr MEET dual(TypeInstPtr), same applies as above in TopPTR/AnyNull case.
-        if (tp->klass()->equals(ciEnv::current()->Object_klass()) && this_interfaces->contains(tp_interfaces) &&
-            !tp->klass_is_exact() && !tp->is_not_flat_in_array()) {
-          // that is, my array type is a subtype of 'tp' klass
-          return make(ptr, (ptr == Constant ? const_oop() : nullptr),
-                      _ary, _klass, _klass_is_exact, offset, _field_offset, instance_id, speculative, depth);
-        }
-      }
-      // The other case cannot happen, since t cannot be a subtype of an array.
-      // The meet falls down to Object class below centerline.
-      if (ptr == Constant) {
-        ptr = NotNull;
-      }
-      if (instance_id > 0) {
-        instance_id = InstanceBot;
-      }
-
-      FlatInArray flat_in_array = meet_flat_in_array(NotFlat, tp->flat_in_array());
-      interfaces = this_interfaces->intersection_with(tp_interfaces);
-      return TypeInstPtr::make(ptr, ciEnv::current()->Object_klass(), interfaces, false, nullptr, offset,
-                               flat_in_array, instance_id, speculative, depth);
-    }
-    default: typerr(t);
-    }
-  }
+  case AryPtr:
+  case InstPtr:
+    return TypeJavaPtrMeetHelper::javaptr_type_xmeet<TypeOopPtr>(this, t->is_oopptr());
   }
-  return this;                  // Lint noise
 }
 
-
-template<class T> TypePtr::MeetResult TypePtr::meet_aryptr(PTR& ptr, const Type*& elem, const T* this_ary, const T* other_ary,
-                                                           ciKlass*& res_klass, bool& res_xk, bool &res_flat, bool& res_not_flat, bool& res_not_null_free, bool &res_atomic) {
-  int dummy;
-  bool this_top_or_bottom = (this_ary->base_element_type(dummy) == Type::TOP || this_ary->base_element_type(dummy) == Type::BOTTOM);
-  bool other_top_or_bottom = (other_ary->base_element_type(dummy) == Type::TOP || other_ary->base_element_type(dummy) == Type::BOTTOM);
-  ciKlass* this_klass = this_ary->klass();
-  ciKlass* other_klass = other_ary->klass();
-  bool this_xk = this_ary->klass_is_exact();
-  bool other_xk = other_ary->klass_is_exact();
-  PTR this_ptr = this_ary->ptr();
-  PTR other_ptr = other_ary->ptr();
-  bool this_flat = this_ary->is_flat();
-  bool this_not_flat = this_ary->is_not_flat();
-  bool other_flat = other_ary->is_flat();
-  bool other_not_flat = other_ary->is_not_flat();
-  bool this_not_null_free = this_ary->is_not_null_free();
-  bool other_not_null_free = other_ary->is_not_null_free();
-  bool this_atomic = this_ary->is_atomic();
-  bool other_atomic = other_ary->is_atomic();
-  const bool same_nullness = this_ary->is_null_free() == other_ary->is_null_free();
-  res_klass = nullptr;
-  MeetResult result = SUBTYPE;
-  res_flat = this_flat && other_flat;
-  bool res_null_free = this_ary->is_null_free() && other_ary->is_null_free();
-  res_not_flat = this_not_flat && other_not_flat;
-  res_not_null_free = this_not_null_free && other_not_null_free;
-  res_atomic = this_atomic && other_atomic;
-
-  if (elem->isa_int()) {
-    // Integral array element types have irrelevant lattice relations.
-    // It is the klass that determines array layout, not the element type.
-      if (this_top_or_bottom) {
-        res_klass = other_klass;
-      } else if (other_top_or_bottom || other_klass == this_klass) {
-      res_klass = this_klass;
-    } else {
-      // Something like byte[int+] meets char[int+].
-      // This must fall to bottom, not (int[-128..65535])[int+].
-      // instance_id = InstanceBot;
-      elem = Type::BOTTOM;
-      result = NOT_SUBTYPE;
-      if (above_centerline(ptr) || ptr == Constant) {
-        ptr = NotNull;
-        res_xk = false;
-        return NOT_SUBTYPE;
-      }
-    }
-  } else {// Non integral arrays.
-    // Must fall to bottom if exact klasses in upper lattice
-    // are not equal or super klass is exact.
-    if ((above_centerline(ptr) || ptr == Constant) && !this_ary->is_same_java_type_as(other_ary) &&
-        // meet with top[] and bottom[] are processed further down:
-        !this_top_or_bottom && !other_top_or_bottom &&
-        // both are exact and not equal:
-        ((other_xk && this_xk) ||
-         // 'tap'  is exact and super or unrelated:
-         (other_xk && !other_ary->is_meet_subtype_of(this_ary)) ||
-         // 'this' is exact and super or unrelated:
-         (this_xk && !this_ary->is_meet_subtype_of(other_ary)))) {
-      if (above_centerline(ptr) || (elem->make_ptr() && above_centerline(elem->make_ptr()->_ptr))) {
-        elem = Type::BOTTOM;
-      }
-      ptr = NotNull;
-      res_xk = false;
-      return NOT_SUBTYPE;
-    }
+const Type* TypeAryPtr::xjoin_helper(const Type* t) const {
+  if (base() != AryPtr) {
+    typerr(t);
   }
 
-  res_xk = false;
-  switch (other_ptr) {
-    case AnyNull:
-    case TopPTR:
-      // Compute new klass on demand, do not use tap->_klass
-      if (below_centerline(this_ptr)) {
-        res_xk = this_xk;
-        if (this_ary->is_flat()) {
-          elem = this_ary->elem();
+  switch (t->base()) {
+    case AnyPtr:
+    case OopPtr: {
+      const TypePtr* tp = t->is_ptr();
+      Offset offset = join_offset(tp->offset());
+      PTR other_ptr = offset == Offset::top ? TopPTR : tp->ptr();
+      PTR ptr = join_ptr(other_ptr);
+      const TypePtr* speculative = xjoin_speculative(tp);
+      int depth = join_inline_depth(tp->inline_depth());
+
+      switch (other_ptr) {
+        case TopPTR:
+        case Null:
+          return TypePtr::make(AnyPtr, ptr, offset, speculative, depth);
+        case NotNull:
+        case BotPTR: {
+          int instance_id = join_instance_id(InstanceBot);
+          return make(ptr, const_oop(), _ary, klass(), klass_is_exact(), offset, field_offset(), instance_id, speculative, depth, is_autobox_cache());
         }
-      } else {
-        res_xk = (other_xk || this_xk);
+        default:
+          typerr(t);
       }
-      break;
-    case Constant: {
-      if (this_ptr == Constant && same_nullness) {
-        // Only exact if same nullness since:
-        //     null-free [LMyValue <: nullable [LMyValue.
-        res_xk = true;
-      } else if (above_centerline(this_ptr)) {
-        res_xk = true;
-      } else {
-        // Only precise for identical arrays
-        res_xk = this_xk && (this_ary->is_same_java_type_as(other_ary) || (this_top_or_bottom && other_top_or_bottom));
-        // Even though MyValue is final, [LMyValue is only exact if the array
-        // is (not) null-free due to null-free [LMyValue <: null-able [LMyValue.
-        if (res_xk && !res_null_free && !res_not_null_free) {
-          ptr = NotNull;
-          res_xk = false;
-        }
-      }
-      break;
-    }
-    case NotNull:
-    case BotPTR:
-      // Compute new klass on demand, do not use tap->_klass
-      if (above_centerline(this_ptr)) {
-        res_xk = other_xk;
-        if (other_ary->is_flat()) {
-          elem = other_ary->elem();
-        }
-      } else {
-        res_xk = (other_xk && this_xk) &&
-                 (this_ary->is_same_java_type_as(other_ary) || (this_top_or_bottom && other_top_or_bottom)); // Only precise for identical arrays
-        // Even though MyValue is final, [LMyValue is only exact if the array
-        // is (not) null-free due to null-free [LMyValue <: null-able [LMyValue.
-        if (res_xk && !res_null_free && !res_not_null_free) {
-          res_xk = false;
-        }
-      }
-      break;
-    default:  {
-      ShouldNotReachHere();
-      return result;
     }
-  }
-  return result;
-}
 
+    case InstPtr:
+    case AryPtr:
+      return TypeJavaPtrJoinHelper::javaptr_type_xjoin<TypeOopPtr>(this, t->is_oopptr());
 
-//------------------------------xdual------------------------------------------
-// Dual: compute field-by-field dual
-const Type *TypeAryPtr::xdual() const {
-  bool xk = _klass_is_exact;
-  return new TypeAryPtr(dual_ptr(), _const_oop, _ary->dual()->is_ary(), _klass, xk, dual_offset(), dual_field_offset(), dual_instance_id(), is_autobox_cache(), dual_speculative(), dual_inline_depth());
-}
-
-Type::Offset TypeAryPtr::meet_field_offset(const Type::Offset offset) const {
-  return _field_offset.meet(offset);
-}
-
-//------------------------------dual_offset------------------------------------
-Type::Offset TypeAryPtr::dual_field_offset() const {
-  return _field_offset.dual();
+    default:
+      typerr(t);
+  }
 }
 
 //------------------------------dump2------------------------------------------
@@ -5918,12 +5262,6 @@ bool TypeNarrowPtr::eq( const Type *t ) const {
   return false;
 }
 
-const Type *TypeNarrowPtr::xdual() const {    // Compute dual right now.
-  const TypePtr* odual = _ptrtype->dual()->is_ptr();
-  return make_same_narrowptr(odual);
-}
-
-
 const Type *TypeNarrowPtr::filter_helper(const Type *kills, bool include_speculative) const {
   if (isa_same_narrowptr(kills)) {
     const Type* ft =_ptrtype->filter_helper(is_same_narrowptr(kills)->_ptrtype, include_speculative);
@@ -5943,58 +5281,6 @@ const Type *TypeNarrowPtr::filter_helper(const Type *kills, bool include_specula
   }
 }
 
-//------------------------------xmeet------------------------------------------
-// Compute the MEET of two types.  It returns a new Type object.
-const Type *TypeNarrowPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
-  // Perform a fast test for common case; meeting the same types together.
-  if( this == t ) return this;  // Meeting same type-rep?
-
-  if (t->base() == base()) {
-    const Type* result = _ptrtype->xmeet(t->make_ptr());
-    if (result->isa_ptr()) {
-      return make_hash_same_narrowptr(result->is_ptr());
-    }
-    return result;
-  }
-
-  // Current "this->_base" is NarrowKlass or NarrowOop
-  switch (t->base()) {          // switch on original type
-
-  case Int:                     // Mixing ints & oops happens when javac
-  case Long:                    // reuses local variables
-  case HalfFloatTop:
-  case HalfFloatCon:
-  case HalfFloatBot:
-  case FloatTop:
-  case FloatCon:
-  case FloatBot:
-  case DoubleTop:
-  case DoubleCon:
-  case DoubleBot:
-  case AnyPtr:
-  case RawPtr:
-  case OopPtr:
-  case InstPtr:
-  case AryPtr:
-  case MetadataPtr:
-  case KlassPtr:
-  case InstKlassPtr:
-  case AryKlassPtr:
-  case NarrowOop:
-  case NarrowKlass:
-  case Bottom:                  // Ye Olde Default
-    return Type::BOTTOM;
-  case Top:
-    return this;
-
-  default:                      // All else is a mistake
-    typerr(t);
-
-  } // End of switch
-
-  return this;
-}
-
 #ifndef PRODUCT
 void TypeNarrowPtr::dump2( Dict & d, uint depth, outputStream *st ) const {
   _ptrtype->dump2(d, depth, st);
@@ -6111,30 +5397,11 @@ const TypeMetadataPtr* TypeMetadataPtr::cast_to_ptr_type(PTR ptr) const {
 //------------------------------meet-------------------------------------------
 // Compute the MEET of two types.  It returns a new Type object.
 const Type *TypeMetadataPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
-  // Perform a fast test for common case; meeting the same types together.
-  if( this == t ) return this;  // Meeting same type-rep?
+  if (base() != MetadataPtr) {
+    typerr(t);
+  }
 
-  // Current "this->_base" is OopPtr
   switch (t->base()) {          // switch on original type
-
-  case Int:                     // Mixing ints & oops happens when javac
-  case Long:                    // reuses local variables
-  case HalfFloatTop:
-  case HalfFloatCon:
-  case HalfFloatBot:
-  case FloatTop:
-  case FloatCon:
-  case FloatBot:
-  case DoubleTop:
-  case DoubleCon:
-  case DoubleBot:
-  case NarrowOop:
-  case NarrowKlass:
-  case Bottom:                  // Ye Olde Default
-    return Type::BOTTOM;
-  case Top:
-    return this;
-
   default:                      // All else is a mistake
     typerr(t);
 
@@ -6158,15 +5425,6 @@ const Type *TypeMetadataPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
     }
   }
 
-  case RawPtr:
-  case KlassPtr:
-  case InstKlassPtr:
-  case AryKlassPtr:
-  case OopPtr:
-  case InstPtr:
-  case AryPtr:
-    return TypePtr::BOTTOM;     // Oop meet raw is not well defined
-
   case MetadataPtr: {
     const TypeMetadataPtr *tp = t->is_metadataptr();
     Offset offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
@@ -6187,14 +5445,53 @@ const Type *TypeMetadataPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
     break;
   }
   } // End of switch
-  return this;                  // Return the double constant
 }
 
+const Type* TypeMetadataPtr::xjoin(const Type* t) const {
+  if (base() != MetadataPtr) {
+    typerr(t);
+  }
 
-//------------------------------xdual------------------------------------------
-// Dual of a pure metadata pointer.
-const Type *TypeMetadataPtr::xdual() const {
-  return new TypeMetadataPtr(dual_ptr(), metadata(), dual_offset());
+  switch (t->base()) {
+    case AnyPtr: {
+      const TypePtr* tp = t->is_ptr();
+      PTR ptr = join_ptr(tp->ptr());
+      Offset offset = join_offset(tp->offset());
+      switch (tp->ptr()) {
+        case TopPTR:
+        case Null:
+          return TypePtr::make(AnyPtr, ptr, offset, tp->speculative(), tp->inline_depth());
+        case NotNull:
+        case BotPTR:
+          return make(ptr, _metadata, offset);
+        default:
+          typerr(t);
+      }
+    }
+
+    case MetadataPtr: {
+      const TypeMetadataPtr* tp = t->is_metadataptr();
+      PTR ptr = join_ptr(tp->ptr());
+      Offset offset = join_offset(tp->offset());
+      if (offset == Offset::top) {
+        return TypePtr::make(AnyPtr, TopPTR, offset);
+      }
+
+      ciMetadata* metadata = this->metadata();
+      if (ciMetadata* meta2 = tp->metadata(); meta2 != nullptr) {
+        if (metadata == nullptr) {
+          metadata = meta2;
+        } else if (!metadata->equals(meta2)) {
+          return TypePtr::make(AnyPtr, ptr == TypePtr::BotPTR ? Null : TopPTR, offset);
+        }
+      }
+
+      return make(ptr, metadata, offset);
+    }
+
+    default:
+      typerr(t);
+  }
 }
 
 //------------------------------dump2------------------------------------------
@@ -6321,14 +5618,17 @@ const Type *TypeKlassPtr::filter_helper(const Type *kills, bool include_speculat
 }
 
 const TypeInterfaces* TypeKlassPtr::meet_interfaces(const TypeKlassPtr* other) const {
-  if (above_centerline(_ptr) && above_centerline(other->_ptr)) {
-    return _interfaces->union_with(other->_interfaces);
-  } else if (above_centerline(_ptr) && !above_centerline(other->_ptr)) {
-    return other->_interfaces;
-  } else if (above_centerline(other->_ptr) && !above_centerline(_ptr)) {
-    return _interfaces;
+  if (above_centerline(ptr()) || above_centerline(other->ptr())) {
+    typerr(other);
+  }
+  return interfaces()->intersection_with(other->interfaces());
+}
+
+const TypeInterfaces* TypeKlassPtr::join_interfaces(const TypeKlassPtr* other) const {
+  if (above_centerline(ptr()) || above_centerline(other->ptr())) {
+    typerr(other);
   }
-  return _interfaces->intersection_with(other->_interfaces);
+  return interfaces()->union_with(other->interfaces());
 }
 
 //------------------------------get_con----------------------------------------
@@ -6463,31 +5763,13 @@ const TypeInstPtr* TypeInstKlassPtr::as_subtype_instance_type(bool klass_change)
 
 //------------------------------xmeet------------------------------------------
 // Compute the MEET of two types, return a new Type object.
-const Type    *TypeInstKlassPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
-  // Perform a fast test for common case; meeting the same types together.
-  if( this == t ) return this;  // Meeting same type-rep?
+const Type* TypeInstKlassPtr::xmeet(const Type* t) const {
+  if (base() != InstKlassPtr) {
+    typerr(t);
+  }
 
   // Current "this->_base" is Pointer
   switch (t->base()) {          // switch on original type
-
-  case Int:                     // Mixing ints & oops happens when javac
-  case Long:                    // reuses local variables
-  case HalfFloatTop:
-  case HalfFloatCon:
-  case HalfFloatBot:
-  case FloatTop:
-  case FloatCon:
-  case FloatBot:
-  case DoubleTop:
-  case DoubleCon:
-  case DoubleBot:
-  case NarrowOop:
-  case NarrowKlass:
-  case Bottom:                  // Ye Olde Default
-    return Type::BOTTOM;
-  case Top:
-    return this;
-
   default:                      // All else is a mistake
     typerr(t);
 
@@ -6510,117 +5792,43 @@ const Type    *TypeInstKlassPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
     }
   }
 
-  case RawPtr:
-  case MetadataPtr:
-  case OopPtr:
-  case AryPtr:                  // Meet with AryPtr
-  case InstPtr:                 // Meet with InstPtr
-      return TypePtr::BOTTOM;
+  case InstKlassPtr:
+  case AryKlassPtr:
+    return TypeJavaPtrMeetHelper::javaptr_type_xmeet<TypeKlassPtr>(this, t->is_klassptr());
 
-  //
-  //             A-top         }
-  //           /   |   \       }  Tops
-  //       B-top A-any C-top   }
-  //          | /  |  \ |      }  Any-nulls
-  //       B-any   |   C-any   }
-  //          |    |    |
-  //       B-con A-con C-con   } constants; not comparable across classes
-  //          |    |    |
-  //       B-not   |   C-not   }
-  //          | \  |  / |      }  not-nulls
-  //       B-bot A-not C-bot   }
-  //           \   |   /       }  Bottoms
-  //             A-bot         }
-  //
+  } // End of switch
+  return this;                  // Return the double constant
+}
 
-  case InstKlassPtr: {  // Meet two KlassPtr types
-    const TypeInstKlassPtr *tkls = t->is_instklassptr();
-    Offset  off     = meet_offset(tkls->offset());
-    PTR  ptr     = meet_ptr(tkls->ptr());
-    const TypeInterfaces* interfaces = meet_interfaces(tkls);
-
-    ciKlass* res_klass = nullptr;
-    bool res_xk = false;
-    const FlatInArray flat_in_array = meet_flat_in_array(_flat_in_array, tkls->flat_in_array());
-    switch (meet_instptr(ptr, interfaces, this, tkls, res_klass, res_xk)) {
-      case UNLOADED:
-        ShouldNotReachHere();
-      case SUBTYPE:
-      case NOT_SUBTYPE:
-      case LCA:
-      case QUICK: {
-        assert(res_xk == (ptr == Constant), "");
-        const Type* res = make(ptr, res_klass, interfaces, off, flat_in_array);
-        return res;
-      }
-      default:
-        ShouldNotReachHere();
-    }
-  } // End of case KlassPtr
-  case AryKlassPtr: {                // All arrays inherit from Object class
-    const TypeAryKlassPtr *tp = t->is_aryklassptr();
-    Offset offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
-    PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tp->ptr());
-    const TypeInterfaces* interfaces = meet_interfaces(tp);
-    const TypeInterfaces* tp_interfaces = tp->_interfaces;
-    const TypeInterfaces* this_interfaces = _interfaces;
+const Type* TypeInstKlassPtr::xjoin(const Type* t) const {
+  if (base() != InstKlassPtr) {
+    typerr(t);
+  }
 
-    switch (ptr) {
-    case TopPTR:
-    case AnyNull:                // Fall 'down' to dual of object klass
-      // For instances when a subclass meets a superclass we fall
-      // below the centerline when the superclass is exact. We need to
-      // do the same here.
-      //
-      // Flat in array: See explanation for meet with TypeInstPtr in TypeAryPtr::xmeet_helper().
-      if (klass()->equals(ciEnv::current()->Object_klass()) && tp_interfaces->contains(this_interfaces) &&
-          !klass_is_exact() && !is_not_flat_in_array()) {
-        return TypeAryKlassPtr::make(ptr, tp->elem(), tp->klass(), offset, tp->is_not_flat(), tp->is_not_null_free(), tp->is_flat(), tp->is_null_free(), tp->is_atomic(), tp->is_refined_type());
-      } else {
-        // cannot subclass, so the meet has to fall badly below the centerline
-        ptr = NotNull;
-        interfaces = _interfaces->intersection_with(tp->_interfaces);
-        FlatInArray flat_in_array = meet_flat_in_array(_flat_in_array, NotFlat);
-        return make(ptr, ciEnv::current()->Object_klass(), interfaces, offset, flat_in_array);
+  switch (t->base()) {
+    case AnyPtr: {
+      const TypePtr* tp = t->is_ptr();
+      PTR ptr = join_ptr(tp->ptr());
+      Offset offset = join_offset(tp->offset());
+      switch (tp->ptr()) {
+        case TopPTR:
+        case Null:
+          return TypePtr::make(AnyPtr, ptr, offset, tp->speculative(), tp->inline_depth());
+        case NotNull:
+        case BotPTR:
+          return make(ptr, klass(), interfaces(), offset);
+        default:
+          typerr(t);
       }
-    case Constant:
-    case NotNull:
-    case BotPTR: { // Fall down to object klass
-      // LCA is object_klass, but if we subclass from the top we can do better
-      if( above_centerline(_ptr) ) { // if( _ptr == TopPTR || _ptr == AnyNull )
-        // If 'this' (InstPtr) is above the centerline and it is Object class
-        // then we can subclass in the Java class hierarchy.
-        // For instances when a subclass meets a superclass we fall
-        // below the centerline when the superclass is exact. We need
-        // to do the same here.
-        //
-        // Flat in array: See explanation for meet with TypeInstPtr in TypeAryPtr::xmeet_helper().
-        if (klass()->equals(ciEnv::current()->Object_klass()) && tp_interfaces->contains(this_interfaces) &&
-            !klass_is_exact() && !is_not_flat_in_array()) {
-          // that is, tp's array type is a subtype of my klass
-          return TypeAryKlassPtr::make(ptr, tp->elem(), tp->klass(), offset, tp->is_not_flat(), tp->is_not_null_free(), tp->is_flat(), tp->is_null_free(), tp->is_atomic(), tp->is_refined_type());
-        }
-      }
-      // The other case cannot happen, since I cannot be a subtype of an array.
-      // The meet falls down to Object class below centerline.
-      if( ptr == Constant )
-        ptr = NotNull;
-      interfaces = this_interfaces->intersection_with(tp_interfaces);
-      FlatInArray flat_in_array = meet_flat_in_array(_flat_in_array, NotFlat);
-      return make(ptr, ciEnv::current()->Object_klass(), interfaces, offset, flat_in_array);
-    }
-    default: typerr(t);
     }
-  }
 
-  } // End of switch
-  return this;                  // Return the double constant
-}
+    case InstKlassPtr:
+    case AryKlassPtr:
+      return TypeJavaPtrJoinHelper::javaptr_type_xjoin<TypeKlassPtr>(this, t->is_klassptr());
 
-//------------------------------xdual------------------------------------------
-// Dual: compute field-by-field dual
-const Type* TypeInstKlassPtr::xdual() const {
-  return new TypeInstKlassPtr(dual_ptr(), klass(), _interfaces, dual_offset(), dual_flat_in_array());
+    default:
+      typerr(t);
+  }
 }
 
 template <class T1, class T2> bool TypePtr::is_java_subtype_of_helper_for_instance(const T1* this_one, const T2* other, bool this_exact, bool other_exact) {
@@ -6765,6 +5973,10 @@ bool TypeAryPtr::can_be_inline_array() const {
 }
 
 const TypeAryKlassPtr *TypeAryKlassPtr::make(PTR ptr, const Type* elem, ciKlass* k, Offset offset, bool not_flat, bool not_null_free, bool flat, bool null_free, bool atomic, bool refined_type) {
+  if (ptr == TypePtr::Constant && elem->isa_klassptr() != nullptr) {
+    // If an array klass ptr is a constant, its element is also a constant
+    elem = elem->is_klassptr()->cast_to_exactness(true);
+  }
   return (TypeAryKlassPtr*)(new TypeAryKlassPtr(ptr, elem, k, offset, not_flat, not_null_free, flat, null_free, atomic, refined_type))->hashcons();
 }
 
@@ -6876,7 +6088,7 @@ ciKlass* TypeAryPtr::klass() const {
   // Oops, need to compute _klass and cache it
   ciKlass* k_ary = compute_klass();
 
-  if( this != TypeAryPtr::OOPS && this->dual() != TypeAryPtr::OOPS ) {
+  if (this != TypeAryPtr::OOPS) {
     // The _klass field acts as a cache of the underlying
     // ciKlass for this array type.  In order to set the field,
     // we need to cast away const-ness.
@@ -7001,33 +6213,37 @@ const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryKlassPtr::as_exact_instance_type(bool klass_change) con
   } else {
     el = elem();
   }
-  bool flat, not_flat, not_null_free, atomic;
+  bool flat, not_flat, null_free, not_null_free, atomic;
   if (_refined_type) {
     if (_null_free && el->isa_ptr()) {
       el = el->is_ptr()->join_speculative(TypePtr::NOTNULL);
     }
     flat = is_flat();
     not_flat = is_not_flat();
+    null_free = is_null_free();
     not_null_free = is_not_null_free();
     atomic = is_atomic();
   } else {  // Unrefined types aren't trustworthy! Let's not mistake their ignorance for information.
     // We can always have arrays of references. Flatness is not guaranteed.
     flat = false;
+    null_free = false;
     // There are asserts that expect us to not be entirely naive about properties.
     // Only arrays of value classes can be null free. Otherwise, not_null_free == true. That is if the element type
     // is not an instance class, or this instance class cannot be an inline type, it's surely not null-restricted.
-    not_null_free = !elem()->isa_instklassptr() || !elem()->is_instklassptr()->can_be_inline_type();
+    not_null_free = is_java_primitive(elem()->basic_type()) ||
+                    elem()->isa_aryklassptr() != nullptr ||
+                    (elem()->isa_instklassptr() != nullptr && !elem()->is_instklassptr()->can_be_inline_type());
     bool array_can_be_flat;
     if (elem()->isa_instklassptr()) {
       FlatInArray elem_flat_in_array = elem()->is_instklassptr()->flat_in_array();
       array_can_be_flat = elem_flat_in_array == MaybeFlat || elem_flat_in_array == Flat;
     } else {
-      array_can_be_flat = false;
+      array_can_be_flat = elem() == Type::BOTTOM;
     }
     not_flat = !array_can_be_flat;
     atomic = !array_can_be_flat;
   }
-  return TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(el, TypeInt::POS, false, flat, not_flat, not_null_free, atomic), k, xk, Offset(0));
+  return TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, TypeAry::make(el, TypeInt::POS, false, flat, not_flat, null_free, not_null_free, atomic), k, xk, Offset(0));
 }
 
 // Corresponding type for instances that subtype the given class
@@ -7037,31 +6253,12 @@ const TypeAryPtr* TypeAryKlassPtr::as_subtype_instance_type(bool klass_change) c
 
 //------------------------------xmeet------------------------------------------
 // Compute the MEET of two types, return a new Type object.
-const Type    *TypeAryKlassPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
-  // Perform a fast test for common case; meeting the same types together.
-  if( this == t ) return this;  // Meeting same type-rep?
+const Type* TypeAryKlassPtr::xmeet(const Type* t) const {
+  if (base() != AryKlassPtr) {
+    typerr(t);
+  }
 
-  // Current "this->_base" is Pointer
   switch (t->base()) {          // switch on original type
-
-  case Int:                     // Mixing ints & oops happens when javac
-  case Long:                    // reuses local variables
-  case HalfFloatTop:
-  case HalfFloatCon:
-  case HalfFloatBot:
-  case FloatTop:
-  case FloatCon:
-  case FloatBot:
-  case DoubleTop:
-  case DoubleCon:
-  case DoubleBot:
-  case NarrowOop:
-  case NarrowKlass:
-  case Bottom:                  // Ye Olde Default
-    return Type::BOTTOM;
-  case Top:
-    return this;
-
   default:                      // All else is a mistake
     typerr(t);
 
@@ -7084,135 +6281,43 @@ const Type    *TypeAryKlassPtr::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
     }
   }
 
-  case RawPtr:
-  case MetadataPtr:
-  case OopPtr:
-  case AryPtr:                  // Meet with AryPtr
-  case InstPtr:                 // Meet with InstPtr
-    return TypePtr::BOTTOM;
+  case AryKlassPtr:
+  case InstKlassPtr:
+    return TypeJavaPtrMeetHelper::javaptr_type_xmeet<TypeKlassPtr>(this, t->is_klassptr());
 
-  //
-  //             A-top         }
-  //           /   |   \       }  Tops
-  //       B-top A-any C-top   }
-  //          | /  |  \ |      }  Any-nulls
-  //       B-any   |   C-any   }
-  //          |    |    |
-  //       B-con A-con C-con   } constants; not comparable across classes
-  //          |    |    |
-  //       B-not   |   C-not   }
-  //          | \  |  / |      }  not-nulls
-  //       B-bot A-not C-bot   }
-  //           \   |   /       }  Bottoms
-  //             A-bot         }
-  //
+  } // End of switch
+  return this;                  // Return the double constant
+}
 
-  case AryKlassPtr: {  // Meet two KlassPtr types
-    const TypeAryKlassPtr *tap = t->is_aryklassptr();
-    Offset off = meet_offset(tap->offset());
-    const Type* elem = _elem->meet(tap->_elem);
-    PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tap->ptr());
-    ciKlass* res_klass = nullptr;
-    bool res_xk = false;
-    bool res_flat = false;
-    bool res_not_flat = false;
-    bool res_not_null_free = false;
-    bool res_atomic = false;
-    MeetResult res = meet_aryptr(ptr, elem, this, tap,
-                                 res_klass, res_xk, res_flat, res_not_flat, res_not_null_free, res_atomic);
-    assert(res_xk == (ptr == Constant), "");
-    bool flat = meet_flat(tap->_flat);
-    bool null_free = meet_null_free(tap->_null_free);
-    bool atomic = meet_atomic(tap->_atomic);
-    bool refined_type = _refined_type && tap->_refined_type;
-    if (res == NOT_SUBTYPE) {
-      flat = false;
-      null_free = false;
-      atomic = false;
-      refined_type = false;
-    } else if (res == SUBTYPE) {
-      if (above_centerline(tap->ptr()) && !above_centerline(this->ptr())) {
-        flat = _flat;
-        null_free = _null_free;
-        atomic = _atomic;
-        refined_type = _refined_type;
-      } else if (above_centerline(this->ptr()) && !above_centerline(tap->ptr())) {
-        flat = tap->_flat;
-        null_free = tap->_null_free;
-        atomic = tap->_atomic;
-        refined_type = tap->_refined_type;
-      } else if (above_centerline(this->ptr()) && above_centerline(tap->ptr())) {
-        flat = _flat || tap->_flat;
-        null_free = _null_free || tap->_null_free;
-        atomic = _atomic || tap->_atomic;
-        refined_type = _refined_type || tap->_refined_type;
-      } else if (res_xk && _refined_type != tap->_refined_type) {
-        // This can happen if the phi emitted by LibraryCallKit::load_default_refined_array_klass/load_non_refined_array_klass
-        // is processed before the typeArray guard is folded. Both inputs are constant but the input corresponding to the
-        // typeArray will go away. Don't constant fold it yet but wait for the control input to collapse.
-        ptr = PTR::NotNull;
-      }
-    }
-    return make(ptr, elem, res_klass, off, res_not_flat, res_not_null_free, flat, null_free, atomic, refined_type);
-  } // End of case KlassPtr
-  case InstKlassPtr: {
-    const TypeInstKlassPtr *tp = t->is_instklassptr();
-    Offset offset = meet_offset(tp->offset());
-    PTR ptr = meet_ptr(tp->ptr());
-    const TypeInterfaces* interfaces = meet_interfaces(tp);
-    const TypeInterfaces* tp_interfaces = tp->_interfaces;
-    const TypeInterfaces* this_interfaces = _interfaces;
+const Type* TypeAryKlassPtr::xjoin(const Type* t) const {
+  if (base() != AryKlassPtr) {
+    typerr(t);
+  }
 
-    switch (ptr) {
-    case TopPTR:
-    case AnyNull:                // Fall 'down' to dual of object klass
-      // For instances when a subclass meets a superclass we fall
-      // below the centerline when the superclass is exact. We need to
-      // do the same here.
-      //
-      // Flat in array: See explanation for meet with TypeInstPtr in TypeAryPtr::xmeet_helper().
-      if (tp->klass()->equals(ciEnv::current()->Object_klass()) && this_interfaces->contains(tp_interfaces) &&
-          !tp->klass_is_exact() && !tp->is_not_flat_in_array()) {
-        return TypeAryKlassPtr::make(ptr, _elem, _klass, offset, is_not_flat(), is_not_null_free(), is_flat(), is_null_free(), is_atomic(), is_refined_type());
-      } else {
-        // cannot subclass, so the meet has to fall badly below the centerline
-        ptr = NotNull;
-        interfaces = this_interfaces->intersection_with(tp->_interfaces);
-        FlatInArray flat_in_array = meet_flat_in_array(NotFlat, tp->flat_in_array());
-        return TypeInstKlassPtr::make(ptr, ciEnv::current()->Object_klass(), interfaces, offset, flat_in_array);
+  switch (t->base()) {
+    case AnyPtr: {
+      const TypePtr* tp = t->is_ptr();
+      PTR ptr = join_ptr(tp->ptr());
+      Offset offset = join_offset(tp->offset());
+      switch (tp->ptr()) {
+        case TopPTR:
+        case Null:
+          return TypePtr::make(AnyPtr, ptr, offset, tp->speculative(), tp->inline_depth());
+        case NotNull:
+        case BotPTR:
+          return make(ptr, elem(), klass(), offset, is_not_flat(), is_not_null_free(), is_flat(), is_null_free(), is_atomic(), is_refined_type());
+        default:
+          typerr(t);
       }
-    case Constant:
-    case NotNull:
-    case BotPTR: { // Fall down to object klass
-      // LCA is object_klass, but if we subclass from the top we can do better
-      if (above_centerline(tp->ptr())) {
-        // If 'tp'  is above the centerline and it is Object class
-        // then we can subclass in the Java class hierarchy.
-        // For instances when a subclass meets a superclass we fall
-        // below the centerline when the superclass is exact. We need
-        // to do the same here.
-        //
-        // Flat in array: See explanation for meet with TypeInstPtr in TypeAryPtr::xmeet_helper().
-        if (tp->klass()->equals(ciEnv::current()->Object_klass()) && this_interfaces->contains(tp_interfaces) &&
-            !tp->klass_is_exact() && !tp->is_not_flat_in_array()) {
-          // that is, my array type is a subtype of 'tp' klass
-          return make(ptr, _elem, _klass, offset, is_not_flat(), is_not_null_free(), is_flat(), is_null_free(), is_atomic(), is_refined_type());
-        }
-      }
-      // The other case cannot happen, since t cannot be a subtype of an array.
-      // The meet falls down to Object class below centerline.
-      if (ptr == Constant)
-        ptr = NotNull;
-      interfaces = this_interfaces->intersection_with(tp_interfaces);
-      FlatInArray flat_in_array = meet_flat_in_array(NotFlat, tp->flat_in_array());
-      return TypeInstKlassPtr::make(ptr, ciEnv::current()->Object_klass(), interfaces, offset, flat_in_array);
     }
-    default: typerr(t);
-    }
-  }
 
-  } // End of switch
-  return this;                  // Return the double constant
+    case InstKlassPtr:
+    case AryKlassPtr:
+      return TypeJavaPtrJoinHelper::javaptr_type_xjoin<TypeKlassPtr>(this, t->is_klassptr());
+
+    default:
+      typerr(t);
+  }
 }
 
 template <class T1, class T2> bool TypePtr::is_java_subtype_of_helper_for_array(const T1* this_one, const T2* other, bool this_exact, bool other_exact) {
@@ -7336,12 +6441,6 @@ bool TypeAryKlassPtr::maybe_java_subtype_of_helper(const TypeKlassPtr* other, bo
   return TypePtr::maybe_java_subtype_of_helper_for_array(this, other, this_exact, other_exact);
 }
 
-//------------------------------xdual------------------------------------------
-// Dual: compute field-by-field dual
-const Type    *TypeAryKlassPtr::xdual() const {
-  return new TypeAryKlassPtr(dual_ptr(), elem()->dual(), klass(), dual_offset(), !is_not_flat(), !is_not_null_free(), dual_flat(), dual_null_free(), dual_atomic(), _refined_type);
-}
-
 // Is there a single ciKlass* that can represent that type?
 ciKlass* TypeAryKlassPtr::exact_klass_helper() const {
   if (elem()->isa_klassptr()) {
@@ -7462,33 +6561,6 @@ const TypeFunc* TypeFunc::make(ciMethod* method, bool is_call, bool is_osr_compi
   return tf;
 }
 
-//------------------------------meet-------------------------------------------
-// Compute the MEET of two types.  It returns a new Type object.
-const Type *TypeFunc::xmeet( const Type *t ) const {
-  // Perform a fast test for common case; meeting the same types together.
-  if( this == t ) return this;  // Meeting same type-rep?
-
-  // Current "this->_base" is Func
-  switch (t->base()) {          // switch on original type
-
-  case Bottom:                  // Ye Olde Default
-    return t;
-
-  default:                      // All else is a mistake
-    typerr(t);
-
-  case Top:
-    break;
-  }
-  return this;                  // Return the double constant
-}
-
-//------------------------------xdual------------------------------------------
-// Dual: compute field-by-field dual
-const Type *TypeFunc::xdual() const {
-  return this;
-}
-
 //------------------------------eq---------------------------------------------
 // Structural equality check for Type representations
 bool TypeFunc::eq( const Type *t ) const {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.hpp
index 03a641bee87..15587dc740e 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/type.hpp
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "opto/adlcVMDeps.hpp"
 #include "opto/compile.hpp"
 #include "opto/rangeinference.hpp"
+#include "utilities/debug.hpp"
 
 // Portions of code courtesy of Clifford Click
 
@@ -73,7 +74,7 @@ class     TypeKlassPtr;
 class       TypeInstKlassPtr;
 class       TypeAryKlassPtr;
 class     TypeMetadataPtr;
-class VerifyMeet;
+class VerifyMeetJoin;
 
 template <class T, class U>
 class TypeIntPrototype;
@@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ class TypeIntPrototype;
 // different kind of Type exists.  Types are never modified after creation, so
 // all their interesting fields are constant.
 class Type {
+  friend class VerifyMeetJoinResult;
 
 public:
   enum TYPES {
@@ -149,18 +151,18 @@ class Type {
     int _offset;
 
   public:
-    explicit Offset(int offset) : _offset(offset) {}
+    constexpr explicit Offset(int offset) : _offset(offset) {}
 
     const Offset meet(const Offset other) const;
-    const Offset dual() const;
+    const Offset join(const Offset other) const;
     const Offset add(intptr_t offset) const;
-    bool operator==(const Offset& other) const {
+    constexpr bool operator==(const Offset& other) const {
       return _offset == other._offset;
     }
-    bool operator!=(const Offset& other) const {
+    constexpr bool operator!=(const Offset& other) const {
       return _offset != other._offset;
     }
-    int get() const { return _offset; }
+    constexpr int get() const { return _offset; }
 
     void dump2(outputStream *st) const;
 
@@ -197,29 +199,28 @@ class Type {
     return Compile::current()->type_dict();
   }
 
-  // DUAL operation: reflect around lattice centerline.  Used instead of
-  // join to ensure my lattice is symmetric up and down.  Dual is computed
-  // lazily, on demand, and cached in _dual.
-  const Type *_dual;            // Cached dual value
+  template <class F>
+  static const Type* meet_join_helper(F op, const Type* t1, const Type* t2, bool include_speculative);
 
+  const Type* meet_helper(const Type* t, bool include_speculative) const;
 
-  const Type *meet_helper(const Type *t, bool include_speculative) const;
-  void check_symmetrical(const Type* t, const Type* mt, const VerifyMeet& verify) const NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
+  static void check_fundamental_laws(const Type* t1, const Type* t2, VerifyMeetJoin& verify) NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
 
+  static const Type* xmeet(const Type* t1, const Type* t2);
+  static const Type* xjoin(const Type* t1, const Type* t2);
+
+  // Compute meet and join, overriden by subclasses
+  virtual const Type* xmeet(const Type* t) const;
+  virtual const Type* xjoin(const Type* t) const;
 protected:
   // Each class of type is also identified by its base.
-  const TYPES _base;            // Enum of Types type
-
-  Type( TYPES t ) : _dual(nullptr),  _base(t) {} // Simple types
-  // ~Type();                   // Use fast deallocation
-  const Type *hashcons();       // Hash-cons the type
-  virtual const Type *filter_helper(const Type *kills, bool include_speculative) const;
-  const Type *join_helper(const Type *t, bool include_speculative) const {
-    assert_type_verify_empty();
-    return dual()->meet_helper(t->dual(), include_speculative)->dual();
-  }
+  const TYPES _base;          // Enum of Types type
 
-  void assert_type_verify_empty() const NOT_DEBUG_RETURN;
+  Type(TYPES t) : _base(t) {} // Simple types
+  // ~Type();                 // Use fast deallocation
+  const Type* hashcons();     // Hash-cons the type
+  virtual const Type* filter_helper(const Type* kills, bool include_speculative) const;
+  const Type* join_helper(const Type* t, bool include_speculative) const;
 
 public:
 
@@ -258,7 +259,7 @@ class Type {
     return equals(meet_speculative(t), t);
   }
 
-  // MEET operation; lower in lattice.
+  // MEET operations
   // Variant that drops the speculative part of the types
   const Type *meet(const Type *t) const {
     return meet_helper(t, false);
@@ -272,16 +273,7 @@ class Type {
   // NARROW: complement for widen, used by pessimistic phases
   virtual const Type *narrow( const Type *old ) const { return this; }
 
-  // DUAL operation: reflect around lattice centerline.  Used instead of
-  // join to ensure my lattice is symmetric up and down.
-  const Type *dual() const { return _dual; }
-
-  // Compute meet dependent on base type
-  virtual const Type *xmeet( const Type *t ) const;
-  virtual const Type *xdual() const;    // Compute dual right now.
-
-  // JOIN operation; higher in lattice.  Done by finding the dual of the
-  // meet of the dual of the 2 inputs.
+  // JOIN operations
   // Variant that drops the speculative part of the types
   const Type *join(const Type *t) const {
     return join_helper(t, false);
@@ -292,7 +284,7 @@ class Type {
   }
 
   // Modified version of JOIN adapted to the needs Node::Value.
-  // Normalizes all empty values to TOP.  Does not kill _widen bits.
+  // Normalizes all empty values to TOP. Does not kill _widen bits.
   // Variant that drops the speculative part of the types
   const Type *filter(const Type *kills) const {
     return filter_helper(kills, false);
@@ -429,7 +421,7 @@ class Type {
 
   static const char* str(const Type* t);
 #endif // !PRODUCT
-  void typerr(const Type *t) const; // Mixing types error
+  [[noreturn]] void typerr(const Type *t) const; // Mixing types error
 
   // Create basic type
   static const Type* get_const_basic_type(BasicType type) {
@@ -533,6 +525,9 @@ class Type {
   static const Type* _const_basic_type[T_CONFLICT+1];
 };
 
+inline constexpr Type::Offset Type::Offset::top(Type::OffsetTop);
+inline constexpr Type::Offset Type::Offset::bottom(Type::OffsetBot);
+
 //------------------------------TypeF------------------------------------------
 // Class of Float-Constant Types.
 class TypeF : public Type {
@@ -550,8 +545,8 @@ class TypeF : public Type {
   virtual bool        is_finite() const;  // Has a finite value
   virtual bool        is_nan()    const;  // Is not a number (NaN)
 
-  virtual const Type *xmeet( const Type *t ) const;
-  virtual const Type *xdual() const;    // Compute dual right now.
+  virtual const Type* xmeet(const Type* t) const;
+  virtual const Type* xjoin(const Type* t) const;
   // Convenience common pre-built types.
   static const TypeF *MAX;
   static const TypeF *MIN;
@@ -583,7 +578,7 @@ class TypeH : public Type {
 
   virtual float getf() const;
   virtual const Type* xmeet(const Type* t) const;
-  virtual const Type* xdual() const;    // Compute dual right now.
+  virtual const Type* xjoin(const Type* t) const;
   // Convenience common pre-built types.
   static const TypeH* MAX;
   static const TypeH* MIN;
@@ -613,8 +608,8 @@ class TypeD : public Type {
   virtual bool        is_finite() const;  // Has a finite value
   virtual bool        is_nan()    const;  // Is not a number (NaN)
 
-  virtual const Type *xmeet( const Type *t ) const;
-  virtual const Type *xdual() const;    // Compute dual right now.
+  virtual const Type* xmeet(const Type* t) const;
+  virtual const Type* xjoin(const Type* t) const;
   // Convenience common pre-built types.
   static const TypeD *MAX;
   static const TypeD *MIN;
@@ -629,12 +624,7 @@ class TypeD : public Type {
 
 class TypeInteger : public Type {
 protected:
-  TypeInteger(TYPES t, int w, bool dual) : Type(t), _is_dual(dual), _widen(w) {}
-
-  // Denote that a set is a dual set.
-  // Dual sets are only used to compute the join of 2 sets, and not used
-  // outside.
-  const bool _is_dual;
+  TypeInteger(TYPES t, int w) : Type(t), _widen(w) {}
 
 public:
   const short _widen;           // Limit on times we widen this sucker
@@ -800,8 +790,7 @@ class TypeInteger : public Type {
  */
 class TypeInt : public TypeInteger {
 private:
-  TypeInt(const TypeIntPrototype<jint, juint>& t, int w, bool dual);
-  static const Type* make_or_top(const TypeIntPrototype<jint, juint>& t, int widen, bool dual);
+  TypeInt(const TypeIntPrototype<jint, juint>& t, int w);
 
   friend class TypeIntHelper;
 
@@ -828,7 +817,7 @@ class TypeInt : public TypeInteger {
   static const Type* make_or_top(const TypeIntPrototype<jint, juint>& t, int widen);
   static const TypeInt* make(const TypeIntPrototype<jint, juint>& t, int widen) { return make_or_top(t, widen)->is_int(); }
   static const TypeInt* make(const TypeIntMirror<jint, juint>& t, int widen) {
-    return (new TypeInt(TypeIntPrototype<jint, juint>{{t._lo, t._hi}, {t._ulo, t._uhi}, t._bits}, widen, false))->hashcons()->is_int();
+    return (new TypeInt(TypeIntPrototype<jint, juint>{{t._lo, t._hi}, {t._ulo, t._uhi}, t._bits}, widen))->hashcons()->is_int();
   }
 
   // Check for single integer
@@ -848,7 +837,7 @@ class TypeInt : public TypeInteger {
   virtual bool is_finite() const;  // Has a finite value
 
   virtual const Type* xmeet(const Type* t) const;
-  virtual const Type* xdual() const;    // Compute dual right now.
+  virtual const Type* xjoin(const Type* t) const;
   virtual const Type* widen(const Type* t, const Type* limit_type) const;
   virtual const Type* narrow(const Type* t) const;
 
@@ -891,8 +880,7 @@ class TypeInt : public TypeInteger {
 // Similar to TypeInt
 class TypeLong : public TypeInteger {
 private:
-  TypeLong(const TypeIntPrototype<jlong, julong>& t, int w, bool dual);
-  static const Type* make_or_top(const TypeIntPrototype<jlong, julong>& t, int widen, bool dual);
+  TypeLong(const TypeIntPrototype<jlong, julong>& t, int w);
 
   friend class TypeIntHelper;
 
@@ -920,7 +908,7 @@ class TypeLong : public TypeInteger {
   static const Type* make_or_top(const TypeIntPrototype<jlong, julong>& t, int widen);
   static const TypeLong* make(const TypeIntPrototype<jlong, julong>& t, int widen) { return make_or_top(t, widen)->is_long(); }
   static const TypeLong* make(const TypeIntMirror<jlong, julong>& t, int widen) {
-    return (new TypeLong(TypeIntPrototype<jlong, julong>{{t._lo, t._hi}, {t._ulo, t._uhi}, t._bits}, widen, false))->hashcons()->is_long();
+    return (new TypeLong(TypeIntPrototype<jlong, julong>{{t._lo, t._hi}, {t._ulo, t._uhi}, t._bits}, widen))->hashcons()->is_long();
   }
 
   // Check for single integer
@@ -946,7 +934,7 @@ class TypeLong : public TypeInteger {
   virtual jlong lo_as_long() const { return _lo; }
 
   virtual const Type* xmeet(const Type* t) const;
-  virtual const Type* xdual() const;    // Compute dual right now.
+  virtual const Type* xjoin(const Type* t) const;
   virtual const Type* widen(const Type* t, const Type* limit_type) const;
   virtual const Type* narrow(const Type* t) const;
   // Convenience common pre-built types.
@@ -1007,8 +995,8 @@ class TypeTuple : public Type {
   // Memory for Control, I_O, Memory, FramePtr, and ReturnAdr is allocated implicitly
   static const Type **fields( uint arg_cnt );
 
-  virtual const Type *xmeet( const Type *t ) const;
-  virtual const Type *xdual() const;    // Compute dual right now.
+  virtual const Type* xmeet(const Type* t) const;
+  virtual const Type* xjoin(const Type* t) const;
   // Convenience common pre-built types.
   static const TypeTuple *IFBOTH;
   static const TypeTuple *IFFALSE;
@@ -1030,8 +1018,8 @@ class TypeTuple : public Type {
 //------------------------------TypeAry----------------------------------------
 // Class of Array Types
 class TypeAry : public Type {
-  TypeAry(const Type* elem, const TypeInt* size, bool stable, bool flat, bool not_flat, bool not_null_free, bool atomic) : Type(Array),
-      _elem(elem), _size(size), _stable(stable), _flat(flat), _not_flat(not_flat), _not_null_free(not_null_free), _atomic(atomic) {}
+  TypeAry(const Type* elem, const TypeInt* size, bool stable, bool flat, bool not_flat, bool null_free, bool not_null_free, bool atomic) : Type(Array),
+      _elem(elem), _size(size), _stable(stable), _flat(flat), _not_flat(not_flat), _null_free(null_free), _not_null_free(not_null_free), _atomic(atomic) {}
 public:
   virtual bool eq( const Type *t ) const;
   virtual uint hash() const;             // Type specific hashing
@@ -1046,6 +1034,7 @@ class TypeAry : public Type {
   // Inline type array properties
   const bool _flat;             // Array is flat
   const bool _not_flat;         // Array is never flat
+  const bool _null_free;        // Array is null-free
   const bool _not_null_free;    // Array is never null-free
   const bool _atomic;           // Array is atomic
 
@@ -1053,10 +1042,10 @@ class TypeAry : public Type {
 
 public:
   static const TypeAry* make(const Type* elem, const TypeInt* size, bool stable,
-                             bool flat, bool not_flat, bool not_null_free, bool atomic);
+                             bool flat, bool not_flat, bool null_free, bool not_null_free, bool atomic);
 
-  virtual const Type *xmeet( const Type *t ) const;
-  virtual const Type *xdual() const;    // Compute dual right now.
+  virtual const Type* xmeet(const Type* t) const { ShouldNotReachHere(); }
+  virtual const Type* xjoin(const Type* t) const { ShouldNotReachHere(); }
   bool ary_must_be_exact() const;  // true if arrays of such are never generic
   virtual const TypeAry* remove_speculative() const;
   virtual const Type* cleanup_speculative() const;
@@ -1090,9 +1079,6 @@ class TypeVect : public Type {
   static const TypeVect* make(const BasicType elem_bt, uint length, bool is_mask = false);
   static const TypeVect* makemask(const BasicType elem_bt, uint length);
 
-  virtual const Type* xmeet( const Type *t) const;
-  virtual const Type* xdual() const;     // Compute dual right now.
-
   static const TypeVect* VECTA;
   static const TypeVect* VECTS;
   static const TypeVect* VECTD;
@@ -1179,7 +1165,6 @@ class TypeInterfaces : public Type {
   bool eq(ciInstanceKlass* k) const;
   bool is_subset(ciInstanceKlass* k) const;
   uint hash() const;
-  const Type *xdual() const;
   void dump(outputStream* st) const;
   const TypeInterfaces* union_with(const TypeInterfaces* other) const;
   const TypeInterfaces* intersection_with(const TypeInterfaces* other) const;
@@ -1194,8 +1179,6 @@ class TypeInterfaces : public Type {
   static int compare(ciInstanceKlass* const& k1, ciInstanceKlass* const& k2);
   static int compare(ciInstanceKlass** k1, ciInstanceKlass** k2);
 
-  const Type* xmeet(const Type* t) const;
-
   bool singleton(void) const;
   bool has_non_array_interface() const;
 };
@@ -1214,19 +1197,8 @@ class TypePtr : public Type {
 public:
   enum PTR { TopPTR, AnyNull, Constant, Null, NotNull, BotPTR, lastPTR };
 
-  // Only applies to TypeInstPtr and TypeInstKlassPtr. Since the common super class is TypePtr, it is defined here.
-  //
-  // FlatInArray defines the following Boolean Lattice structure
-  //
-  //     TopFlat
-  //    /      \
-  //  Flat   NotFlat
-  //    \      /
-  //   MaybeFlat
-  //
-  // with meet (see TypePtr::meet_flat_in_array()) and join (implemented over dual, see TypePtr::flat_in_array_dual)
   enum FlatInArray {
-    TopFlat,        // Dedicated top element and dual of MaybeFlat. Result when joining Flat and NotFlat.
+    TopFlat,        // Dedicated top element. Result when joining Flat and NotFlat.
     Flat,           // An instance is always flat in an array.
     NotFlat,        // An instance is never flat in an array.
     MaybeFlat,      // We don't know whether an instance is flat in an array.
@@ -1237,13 +1209,16 @@ class TypePtr : public Type {
           relocInfo::relocType reloc,
           const TypePtr* speculative = nullptr,
           int inline_depth = InlineDepthBottom) :
-    Type(t), _speculative(speculative), _inline_depth(inline_depth), _offset(offset),
-    _ptr(ptr), _reloc(reloc) {}
+    Type(t), _speculative(speculative), _inline_depth(inline_depth), _offset(offset), _ptr(ptr), _reloc(reloc) {
+    assert(t == AnyPtr || (ptr != TopPTR && ptr != Null), "Top and Null must be AnyPtr");
+    assert(ptr != AnyNull, "Nonsensical PTR");
+    assert(ptr == TopPTR || offset != Offset::top, "only TopPTR can have top offset");
+    assert(static_cast<uint>(ptr) < static_cast<uint>(lastPTR), "out of bounds");
+  }
   static const PTR ptr_meet[lastPTR][lastPTR];
   static const PTR ptr_dual[lastPTR];
   static const char * const ptr_msg[lastPTR];
 
-  static const FlatInArray flat_in_array_dual[Uninitialized];
   static const char* const flat_in_array_msg[Uninitialized];
 
   enum {
@@ -1263,51 +1238,29 @@ class TypePtr : public Type {
   int _inline_depth;
 
   // utility methods to work on the speculative part of the type
-  const TypePtr* dual_speculative() const;
   const TypePtr* xmeet_speculative(const TypePtr* other) const;
+  const TypePtr* xjoin_speculative(const TypePtr* other) const;
   bool eq_speculative(const TypePtr* other) const;
   int hash_speculative() const;
   const TypePtr* add_offset_speculative(intptr_t offset) const;
   const TypePtr* with_offset_speculative(intptr_t offset) const;
 
   // utility methods to work on the inline depth of the type
-  int dual_inline_depth() const;
   int meet_inline_depth(int depth) const;
-
+  int join_inline_depth(int depth) const;
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   void dump_speculative(outputStream* st) const;
   void dump_inline_depth(outputStream* st) const;
   void dump_offset(outputStream* st) const;
 #endif
 
-  // TypeInstPtr (TypeAryPtr resp.) and TypeInstKlassPtr (TypeAryKlassPtr resp.) implement very similar meet logic.
-  // The logic for meeting 2 instances (2 arrays resp.) is shared in the 2 utility methods below. However the logic for
-  // the oop and klass versions can be slightly different and extra logic may have to be executed depending on what
-  // exact case the meet falls into. The MeetResult struct is used by the utility methods to communicate what case was
-  // encountered so the right logic specific to klasses or oops can be executed.,
-  enum MeetResult {
-    QUICK,
-    UNLOADED,
-    SUBTYPE,
-    NOT_SUBTYPE,
-    LCA
-  };
-  template<class T> static TypePtr::MeetResult meet_instptr(PTR& ptr, const TypeInterfaces*& interfaces, const T* this_type,
-                                                            const T* other_type, ciKlass*& res_klass, bool& res_xk);
- protected:
-  static FlatInArray meet_flat_in_array(FlatInArray left, FlatInArray other);
-
-  template<class T> static MeetResult meet_aryptr(PTR& ptr, const Type*& elem, const T* this_ary, const T* other_ary,
-                                                  ciKlass*& res_klass, bool& res_xk, bool &res_flat, bool &res_not_flat, bool &res_not_null_free, bool &res_atomic);
-
   template <class T1, class T2> static bool is_java_subtype_of_helper_for_instance(const T1* this_one, const T2* other, bool this_exact, bool other_exact);
   template <class T1, class T2> static bool is_same_java_type_as_helper_for_instance(const T1* this_one, const T2* other);
   template <class T1, class T2> static bool maybe_java_subtype_of_helper_for_instance(const T1* this_one, const T2* other, bool this_exact, bool other_exact);
   template <class T1, class T2> static bool is_java_subtype_of_helper_for_array(const T1* this_one, const T2* other, bool this_exact, bool other_exact);
   template <class T1, class T2> static bool is_same_java_type_as_helper_for_array(const T1* this_one, const T2* other);
   template <class T1, class T2> static bool maybe_java_subtype_of_helper_for_array(const T1* this_one, const T2* other, bool this_exact, bool other_exact);
-  template <class T1, class T2> static bool is_meet_subtype_of_helper_for_instance(const T1* this_one, const T2* other, bool this_xk, bool other_xk);
-  template <class T1, class T2> static bool is_meet_subtype_of_helper_for_array(const T1* this_one, const T2* other, bool this_xk, bool other_xk);
+
 public:
   const Offset _offset;         // Offset into oop, with TOP & BOT
   const PTR _ptr;               // Pointer equivalence class
@@ -1336,13 +1289,14 @@ class TypePtr : public Type {
 
   virtual bool singleton(void) const;    // TRUE if type is a singleton
   virtual bool empty(void) const;        // TRUE if type is vacuous
-  virtual const Type *xmeet( const Type *t ) const;
-  virtual const Type *xmeet_helper( const Type *t ) const;
+  virtual const Type* xmeet(const Type* t) const;
+  virtual const Type* xmeet_helper(const Type* t) const;
+  virtual const Type* xjoin(const Type* t) const;
+  virtual const Type* xjoin_helper(const Type* t) const;
   Offset meet_offset(int offset) const;
-  Offset dual_offset() const;
-  virtual const Type *xdual() const;    // Compute dual right now.
+  Offset join_offset(int offset) const;
 
-  // meet, dual and join over pointer equivalence sets
+  // meet and join over pointer equivalence sets
   PTR meet_ptr( const PTR in_ptr ) const { return ptr_meet[in_ptr][ptr()]; }
   PTR dual_ptr()                   const { return ptr_dual[ptr()];      }
 
@@ -1419,8 +1373,8 @@ class TypeRawPtr : public TypePtr {
   virtual const TypePtr* add_offset(intptr_t offset) const;
   virtual const TypeRawPtr* with_offset(intptr_t offset) const { ShouldNotReachHere(); return nullptr;}
 
-  virtual const Type *xmeet( const Type *t ) const;
-  virtual const Type *xdual() const;    // Compute dual right now.
+  virtual const Type* xmeet(const Type* t) const;
+  virtual const Type* xjoin(const Type* t) const;
   // Convenience common pre-built types.
   static const TypeRawPtr *BOTTOM;
   static const TypeRawPtr *NOTNULL;
@@ -1447,6 +1401,13 @@ class TypeOopPtr : public TypePtr {
    InstanceTop = -1,   // undefined instance
    InstanceBot = 0     // any possible instance
   };
+
+  static constexpr bool is_oopptr_type = true;
+  using ciEnv = ::ciEnv;
+  using PtrType = TypePtr;
+  using InstType = TypeInstPtr;
+  using AryType = TypeAryPtr;
+
 protected:
 
   // Oop is null, unless this is a constant oop.
@@ -1470,10 +1431,11 @@ class TypeOopPtr : public TypePtr {
 
   static const TypeOopPtr* make_from_klass_common(ciKlass* klass, bool klass_change, bool try_for_exact, InterfaceHandling interface_handling);
 
-  int dual_instance_id() const;
   int meet_instance_id(int uid) const;
+  int join_instance_id(int uid) const;
 
   const TypeInterfaces* meet_interfaces(const TypeOopPtr* other) const;
+  const TypeInterfaces* join_interfaces(const TypeOopPtr* other) const;
 
   // Do not allow interface-vs.-noninterface joins to collapse to top.
   virtual const Type *filter_helper(const Type *kills, bool include_speculative) const;
@@ -1539,8 +1501,9 @@ class TypeOopPtr : public TypePtr {
   ciKlass* exact_klass(bool maybe_null = false) const { assert(klass_is_exact(), ""); ciKlass* k = exact_klass_helper(); assert(k != nullptr || maybe_null, ""); return k;  }
   ciKlass* unloaded_klass() const { assert(!is_loaded(), "only for unloaded types"); return klass(); }
 
-  virtual bool  is_loaded() const { return klass()->is_loaded(); }
-  virtual bool klass_is_exact()    const { return _klass_is_exact; }
+  virtual bool is_loaded() const { return klass()->is_loaded(); }
+  virtual bool klass_is_exact() const { return _klass_is_exact; }
+  const TypeInterfaces* interfaces() const { return _interfaces; }
 
   // Returns true if this pointer points at memory which contains a
   // compressed oop references.
@@ -1586,9 +1549,9 @@ class TypeOopPtr : public TypePtr {
 
   virtual const TypePtr* with_instance_id(int instance_id) const;
 
-  virtual const Type *xdual() const;    // Compute dual right now.
   // the core of the computation of the meet for TypeOopPtr and for its subclasses
-  virtual const Type *xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const;
+  virtual const Type* xmeet_helper(const Type* t) const;
+  virtual const Type* xjoin_helper(const Type* t) const;
 
   // Convenience common pre-built type.
   static const TypeOopPtr *BOTTOM;
@@ -1596,18 +1559,6 @@ class TypeOopPtr : public TypePtr {
   virtual void dump2( Dict &d, uint depth, outputStream *st ) const;
 #endif
 private:
-  virtual bool is_meet_subtype_of(const TypePtr* other) const {
-    return is_meet_subtype_of_helper(other->is_oopptr(), klass_is_exact(), other->is_oopptr()->klass_is_exact());
-  }
-
-  virtual bool is_meet_subtype_of_helper(const TypeOopPtr* other, bool this_xk, bool other_xk) const {
-    ShouldNotReachHere(); return false;
-  }
-
-  virtual const TypeInterfaces* interfaces() const {
-    return _interfaces;
-  };
-
   const TypeOopPtr* is_reference_type(const Type* other) const {
     return other->isa_oopptr();
   }
@@ -1716,14 +1667,9 @@ class TypeInstPtr : public TypeOopPtr {
   virtual const TypeInstPtr* cast_to_maybe_flat_in_array() const;
   virtual FlatInArray flat_in_array() const { return _flat_in_array; }
 
-  FlatInArray dual_flat_in_array() const {
-    return flat_in_array_dual[_flat_in_array];
-  }
-
   // the core of the computation of the meet of 2 types
-  virtual const Type *xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const;
-  virtual const TypeInstPtr *xmeet_unloaded(const TypeInstPtr *tinst, const TypeInterfaces* interfaces) const;
-  virtual const Type *xdual() const;    // Compute dual right now.
+  virtual const Type* xmeet_helper(const Type* t) const;
+  virtual const Type* xjoin_helper(const Type* t) const;
 
   const TypeKlassPtr* as_klass_type(bool try_for_exact = false) const;
 
@@ -1740,8 +1686,6 @@ class TypeInstPtr : public TypeOopPtr {
 #endif
 
 private:
-  virtual bool is_meet_subtype_of_helper(const TypeOopPtr* other, bool this_xk, bool other_xk) const;
-
   virtual bool is_meet_same_type_as(const TypePtr* other) const {
     return _klass->equals(other->is_instptr()->_klass) && _interfaces->eq(other->is_instptr()->_interfaces);
   }
@@ -1755,6 +1699,8 @@ class TypeAryPtr : public TypeOopPtr {
   friend class TypePtr;
   friend class TypeInstPtr;
   friend class TypeInterfaces;
+  friend class TypeJavaPtrMeetHelper;
+  friend class TypeJavaPtrJoinHelper;
 
   TypeAryPtr(PTR ptr, ciObject* o, const TypeAry *ary, ciKlass* k, bool xk,
              Offset offset, Offset field_offset, int instance_id, bool is_autobox_cache,
@@ -1782,8 +1728,6 @@ class TypeAryPtr : public TypeOopPtr {
   // the array has its own memory slice so we need to keep track of
   // which field is accessed
   const Offset _field_offset;
-  Offset meet_field_offset(const Type::Offset offset) const;
-  Offset dual_field_offset() const;
 
   ciKlass* compute_klass() const;
 
@@ -1814,7 +1758,7 @@ class TypeAryPtr : public TypeOopPtr {
   // Inline type array properties
   bool is_flat()          const { return _ary->_flat; }
   bool is_not_flat()      const { return _ary->_not_flat; }
-  bool is_null_free()     const { return _ary->_elem->make_ptr() != nullptr && (_ary->_elem->make_ptr()->ptr() == NotNull || _ary->_elem->make_ptr()->ptr() == AnyNull); }
+  bool is_null_free()     const { return _ary->_null_free; }
   bool is_not_null_free() const { return _ary->_not_null_free; }
   bool is_atomic()        const { return _ary->_atomic; }
 
@@ -1855,8 +1799,8 @@ class TypeAryPtr : public TypeOopPtr {
   virtual const TypePtr* with_instance_id(int instance_id) const;
 
   // the core of the computation of the meet of 2 types
-  virtual const Type *xmeet_helper(const Type *t) const;
-  virtual const Type *xdual() const;    // Compute dual right now.
+  virtual const Type* xmeet_helper(const Type* t) const;
+  virtual const Type* xjoin_helper(const Type* t) const;
 
   // Inline type array properties
   const TypeAryPtr* cast_to_flat(bool flat) const;
@@ -1909,8 +1853,6 @@ class TypeAryPtr : public TypeOopPtr {
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   virtual void dump2( Dict &d, uint depth, outputStream *st ) const; // Specialized per-Type dumping
 #endif
-private:
-  virtual bool is_meet_subtype_of_helper(const TypeOopPtr* other, bool this_xk, bool other_xk) const;
 };
 
 //------------------------------TypeMetadataPtr-------------------------------------
@@ -1940,8 +1882,8 @@ class TypeMetadataPtr : public TypePtr {
 
   virtual const TypePtr *add_offset( intptr_t offset ) const;
 
-  virtual const Type *xmeet( const Type *t ) const;
-  virtual const Type *xdual() const;    // Compute dual right now.
+  virtual const Type* xmeet(const Type* t) const;
+  virtual const Type* xjoin(const Type* t) const;
 
   virtual intptr_t get_con() const;
 
@@ -1969,11 +1911,18 @@ class TypeKlassPtr : public TypePtr {
   virtual uint hash() const;
   virtual bool singleton(void) const;    // TRUE if type is a singleton
 
+  static constexpr bool is_oopptr_type = false;
+  using ciEnv = ::ciEnv;
+  using PtrType = TypePtr;
+  using InstType = TypeInstKlassPtr;
+  using AryType = TypeAryKlassPtr;
+
 protected:
 
   ciKlass* _klass;
   const TypeInterfaces* _interfaces;
   const TypeInterfaces* meet_interfaces(const TypeKlassPtr* other) const;
+  const TypeInterfaces* join_interfaces(const TypeKlassPtr* other) const;
   virtual bool must_be_exact() const { ShouldNotReachHere(); return false; }
   virtual ciKlass* exact_klass_helper() const;
   virtual ciKlass* klass() const { return  _klass; }
@@ -2011,9 +1960,9 @@ class TypeKlassPtr : public TypePtr {
   // corresponding pointer to instances which subtype a given class
   virtual const TypeOopPtr* as_subtype_instance_type(bool klass_change = true) const = 0;
 
-  virtual const TypePtr *add_offset( intptr_t offset ) const { ShouldNotReachHere(); return nullptr; }
-  virtual const Type    *xmeet( const Type *t ) const { ShouldNotReachHere(); return nullptr; }
-  virtual const Type    *xdual() const { ShouldNotReachHere(); return nullptr; }
+  virtual const TypePtr* add_offset(intptr_t offset) const { ShouldNotReachHere(); return nullptr; }
+  virtual const Type*    xmeet(const Type* t)        const { ShouldNotReachHere(); return nullptr; }
+  virtual const Type*    xjoin(const Type* t)        const { ShouldNotReachHere(); return nullptr; }
 
   virtual intptr_t get_con() const;
 
@@ -2023,19 +1972,11 @@ class TypeKlassPtr : public TypePtr {
 
   virtual const TypeKlassPtr* try_improve() const { return this; }
 
-private:
-  virtual bool is_meet_subtype_of(const TypePtr* other) const {
-    return is_meet_subtype_of_helper(other->is_klassptr(), klass_is_exact(), other->is_klassptr()->klass_is_exact());
-  }
-
-  virtual bool is_meet_subtype_of_helper(const TypeKlassPtr* other, bool this_xk, bool other_xk) const {
-    ShouldNotReachHere(); return false;
-  }
-
-  virtual const TypeInterfaces* interfaces() const {
+  const TypeInterfaces* interfaces() const {
     return _interfaces;
   };
 
+private:
   const TypeKlassPtr* is_reference_type(const Type* other) const {
     return other->isa_klassptr();
   }
@@ -2103,18 +2044,14 @@ class TypeInstKlassPtr : public TypeKlassPtr {
 
   virtual bool empty() const;
   virtual const TypePtr *add_offset( intptr_t offset ) const;
-  virtual const Type    *xmeet( const Type *t ) const;
-  virtual const Type    *xdual() const;
+  virtual const Type* xmeet(const Type* t) const;
+  virtual const Type* xjoin(const Type* t) const;
   virtual const TypeInstKlassPtr* with_offset(intptr_t offset) const;
 
   virtual const TypeKlassPtr* try_improve() const;
 
   virtual FlatInArray flat_in_array() const { return _flat_in_array; }
 
-  FlatInArray dual_flat_in_array() const {
-    return flat_in_array_dual[_flat_in_array];
-  }
-
   virtual bool can_be_inline_array() const;
 
   // Convenience common pre-built types.
@@ -2124,9 +2061,6 @@ class TypeInstKlassPtr : public TypeKlassPtr {
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   virtual void dump2(Dict& d, uint depth, outputStream* st) const;
 #endif // PRODUCT
-
-private:
-  virtual bool is_meet_subtype_of_helper(const TypeKlassPtr* other, bool this_xk, bool other_xk) const;
 };
 
 // Array klass pointer, mirrors TypeAryPtr
@@ -2134,6 +2068,8 @@ class TypeAryKlassPtr : public TypeKlassPtr {
   friend class TypeInstKlassPtr;
   friend class Type;
   friend class TypePtr;
+  friend class TypeJavaPtrMeetHelper;
+  friend class TypeJavaPtrJoinHelper;
 
   const Type *_elem;
   const bool _not_flat;      // Array is never flat
@@ -2155,30 +2091,6 @@ class TypeAryKlassPtr : public TypeKlassPtr {
 
   virtual bool must_be_exact() const;
 
-  bool dual_flat() const {
-    return _flat;
-  }
-
-  bool meet_flat(bool other) const {
-    return _flat && other;
-  }
-
-  bool dual_null_free() const {
-    return _null_free;
-  }
-
-  bool meet_null_free(bool other) const {
-    return _null_free && other;
-  }
-
-  bool dual_atomic() const {
-    return _atomic;
-  }
-
-  bool meet_atomic(bool other) const {
-    return _atomic && other;
-  }
-
 public:
 
   // returns base element type, an instance klass (and not interface) for object arrays
@@ -2212,9 +2124,9 @@ class TypeAryKlassPtr : public TypeKlassPtr {
   virtual const TypeAryPtr* as_exact_instance_type(bool klass_change = true) const;
   virtual const TypeAryPtr* as_subtype_instance_type(bool klass_change = true) const;
 
-  virtual const TypePtr *add_offset( intptr_t offset ) const;
-  virtual const Type    *xmeet( const Type *t ) const;
-  virtual const Type    *xdual() const;      // Compute dual right now.
+  virtual const TypePtr* add_offset(intptr_t offset) const;
+  virtual const Type* xmeet(const Type* t) const;
+  virtual const Type* xjoin(const Type* t) const;
 
   virtual const TypeAryKlassPtr* with_offset(intptr_t offset) const;
 
@@ -2237,8 +2149,6 @@ class TypeAryKlassPtr : public TypeKlassPtr {
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   virtual void dump2( Dict &d, uint depth, outputStream *st ) const; // Specialized per-Type dumping
 #endif
-private:
-  virtual bool is_meet_subtype_of_helper(const TypeKlassPtr* other, bool this_xk, bool other_xk) const;
 };
 
 class TypeNarrowPtr : public Type {
@@ -2263,9 +2173,6 @@ class TypeNarrowPtr : public Type {
   virtual uint hash() const;             // Type specific hashing
   virtual bool singleton(void) const;    // TRUE if type is a singleton
 
-  virtual const Type *xmeet( const Type *t ) const;
-  virtual const Type *xdual() const;    // Compute dual right now.
-
   virtual intptr_t get_con() const;
 
   virtual bool empty(void) const;        // TRUE if type is vacuous
@@ -2414,9 +2321,6 @@ class TypeFunc : public Type {
                               bool scalarized_return = false);
   static const TypeFunc *make(const TypeTuple* domain, const TypeTuple* range);
 
-  virtual const Type *xmeet( const Type *t ) const;
-  virtual const Type *xdual() const;    // Compute dual right now.
-
   BasicType return_type() const;
 
   bool returns_inline_type_as_fields() const {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/typejavaptr.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/typejavaptr.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8c964cd7775
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/typejavaptr.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,818 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef SHARE_OPTO_TYPEJAVAPTR_HPP
+#define SHARE_OPTO_TYPEJAVAPTR_HPP
+
+#include "cppstdlib/type_traits.hpp"
+#include "opto/type.hpp"
+
+class TypeJavaPtrMeetHelper {
+private:
+  friend class TypeJavaPtrJoinHelper;
+
+public:
+  template <class PtrType>
+  static const PtrType* javaptr_type_xmeet(const PtrType* t1, const PtrType* t2) {
+    if (t1 == t2) {
+      return t1;
+    }
+
+    TypePtr::PTR ptr1 = t1->ptr();
+    TypePtr::PTR ptr2 = t2->ptr();
+    assert(ptr1 == TypePtr::Constant || ptr1 == TypePtr::NotNull || ptr1 == TypePtr::BotPTR, "unexpected ptr: %d", int(ptr1));
+    assert(ptr2 == TypePtr::Constant || ptr2 == TypePtr::NotNull || ptr2 == TypePtr::BotPTR, "unexpected ptr: %d", int(ptr2));
+
+    if constexpr (PtrType::is_oopptr_type) {
+      return oopptr_type_xmeet(t1, t2);
+    } else {
+      return klassptr_type_xmeet(t1, t2);
+    }
+  }
+
+private:
+  template <class OopType>
+  static const OopType* oopptr_type_xmeet(const OopType* t1, const OopType* t2) {
+    assert(t1 != t2, "must have been handled");
+    Type::TYPES base1 = t1->base();
+    Type::TYPES base2 = t2->base();
+    assert(base1 == Type::InstPtr || base1 == Type::AryPtr, "must be an oopptr: %d", int(base1));
+    assert(base2 == Type::InstPtr || base2 == Type::AryPtr, "must be an oopptr: %d", int(base2));
+
+    Type::Offset offset = meet_offset(t1, t2);
+    auto interfaces = meet_interfaces(t1, t2);
+    auto flat_in_array = meet_flat_in_array(t1, t2);
+    int instance_id = meet_instance_id(t1, t2);
+    auto speculative = meet_speculative(t1, t2);
+    int inline_depth = meet_inline_depth(t1, t2);
+
+    if (base1 != base2) {
+      TypePtr::PTR ptr = t1->ptr() == TypePtr::BotPTR || t2->ptr() == TypePtr::BotPTR ? TypePtr::BotPTR : TypePtr::NotNull;
+      return OopType::InstType::make(ptr, OopType::ciEnv::current()->Object_klass(), interfaces, false, nullptr, offset,
+                                     flat_in_array, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth);
+    } else if (base1 == Type::InstPtr) {
+      return instptr_type_xmeet(t1->is_instptr(), t2->is_instptr(), offset, interfaces, flat_in_array, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth);
+    } else {
+      return aryptr_type_xmeet(t1->is_aryptr(), t2->is_aryptr(), offset, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth);
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <class InstOopType, class PtrType, class InterfacesType>
+  static const InstOopType* instptr_type_xmeet(const InstOopType* t1, const InstOopType* t2, Type::Offset offset, InterfacesType interfaces,
+                                               TypePtr::FlatInArray flat_in_array, int instance_id, const PtrType* speculative, int inline_depth) {
+    using ConstOopType = decltype(t1->const_oop());
+
+    auto k1 = t1->instance_klass();
+    auto k2 = t2->instance_klass();
+    TypePtr::PTR ptr;
+    ConstOopType const_oop = nullptr;
+    meet_ptr_and_const_oop(ptr, const_oop, t1, t2);
+    bool xk = t1->klass_is_exact() && t2->klass_is_exact() && k1 == k2;
+
+    // Consider an unloaded class to be a direct child of j.l.O and not have any subclass
+    decltype(k1) k;
+    if (k1 == k2) {
+      k = k1;
+    } else if (k1->is_java_lang_Object() || k2->is_java_lang_Object() || !k1->is_loaded() || !k2->is_loaded()) {
+      k = InstOopType::ciEnv::current()->Object_klass();
+    } else {
+      k = k1->least_common_ancestor(k2)->as_instance_klass();
+    }
+
+    return InstOopType::make(ptr, k, interfaces, xk, const_oop, offset, flat_in_array, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth);
+  }
+
+  template <class AryOopType, class PtrType>
+  static const AryOopType* aryptr_type_xmeet(const AryOopType* t1, const AryOopType* t2, Type::Offset offset, int instance_id,
+                                             const PtrType* speculative, int inline_depth) {
+    using AryType = std::remove_pointer_t<decltype(t1->ary())>;
+    using ConstOopType = decltype(t1->const_oop());
+    using ElemType = decltype(t1->elem());
+    using KlassType = decltype(t1->klass());
+
+    TypePtr::PTR ptr;
+    ConstOopType const_oop = nullptr;
+    meet_ptr_and_const_oop(ptr, const_oop, t1, t2);
+
+    ElemType elem;
+    KlassType klass = nullptr;
+    meet_ary_elem(elem, klass, t1, t2);
+
+    auto size = t1->size()->meet(t2->size())->is_int();
+    bool stable = t1->is_stable() && t2->is_stable();
+    bool flat = t1->is_flat() && t2->is_flat();
+    bool not_flat = t1->is_not_flat() && t2->is_not_flat();
+    bool null_free = t1->is_null_free() && t2->is_null_free();
+    bool not_null_free = t1->is_not_null_free() && t2->is_not_null_free();
+    bool atomic = t1->is_atomic() && t2->is_atomic();
+    auto ary = AryType::make(elem, size, stable, flat, not_flat, null_free, not_null_free, atomic);
+    bool xk = t1->klass_is_exact() && t2->klass_is_exact() && !aryptr_klass_disjoint(t1, t2);
+    auto field_offset = t1->field_offset().meet(t2->field_offset());
+    bool autobox_cache = t1->is_autobox_cache() && t2->is_autobox_cache();
+    return AryOopType::make(ptr, const_oop, ary, klass, xk, offset, field_offset, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth, autobox_cache);
+  }
+
+  template <class KlassType>
+  static const KlassType* klassptr_type_xmeet(const KlassType* t1, const KlassType* t2) {
+    assert(t1 != t2, "must have been handled");
+    Type::TYPES base1 = t1->base();
+    Type::TYPES base2 = t2->base();
+    assert(base1 == Type::InstKlassPtr || base1 == Type::AryKlassPtr, "must be a klassptr: %d", int(base1));
+    assert(base2 == Type::InstKlassPtr || base2 == Type::AryKlassPtr, "must be a klassptr: %d", int(base2));
+
+    Type::Offset offset = meet_offset(t1, t2);
+    auto interfaces = meet_interfaces(t1, t2);
+    auto flat_in_array = meet_flat_in_array(t1, t2);
+
+    if (base1 != base2) {
+      TypePtr::PTR ptr = t1->ptr() == TypePtr::BotPTR || t2->ptr() == TypePtr::BotPTR ? TypePtr::BotPTR : TypePtr::NotNull;
+      return KlassType::InstType::make(ptr, KlassType::ciEnv::current()->Object_klass(), interfaces, offset, flat_in_array);
+    } else if (base1 == Type::InstKlassPtr) {
+      return instklassptr_type_xmeet(t1->is_instklassptr(), t2->is_instklassptr(), offset, interfaces, flat_in_array);
+    } else {
+      return aryklassptr_type_xmeet(t1->is_aryklassptr(), t2->is_aryklassptr(), offset);
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <class InstKlassType, class InterfacesType>
+  static const InstKlassType* instklassptr_type_xmeet(const InstKlassType* t1, const InstKlassType* t2, Type::Offset offset, InterfacesType interfaces,
+                                                      TypePtr::FlatInArray flat_in_array) {
+    TypePtr::PTR ptr = meet_inst_klass_ptr(t1, t2);
+    auto klass = t1->instance_klass()->least_common_ancestor(t2->instance_klass())->as_instance_klass();
+    return InstKlassType::make(ptr, klass, interfaces, offset, flat_in_array);
+  }
+
+  template <class AryKlassType>
+  static const AryKlassType* aryklassptr_type_xmeet(const AryKlassType* t1, const AryKlassType* t2, Type::Offset offset) {
+    using ElemType = decltype(t1->elem());
+    using KlassType = decltype(t1->klass());
+
+    TypePtr::PTR ptr = meet_ary_klass_ptr(t1, t2);
+    ElemType elem;
+    KlassType klass = nullptr;
+    meet_ary_elem(elem, klass, t1, t2);
+    bool not_flat = t1->is_not_flat() && t2->is_not_flat();
+    bool not_null_free = t1->is_not_null_free() && t2->is_not_null_free();
+    bool flat = t1->is_flat() && t2->is_flat();
+    bool null_free = t1->is_null_free() && t2->is_null_free();
+    bool atomic = t1->is_atomic() && t2->is_atomic();
+    bool refined = t1->is_refined_type() && t2->is_refined_type();
+    return AryKlassType::make(ptr, elem, klass, offset, not_flat, not_null_free, flat, null_free, atomic, refined);
+  }
+
+  template <class PtrType>
+  static Type::Offset meet_offset(const PtrType* t1, const PtrType* t2) {
+    return Type::Offset(t1->offset()).meet(Type::Offset(t2->offset()));
+  }
+
+  template <class PtrType, class InterfacesType = std::invoke_result_t<decltype(&PtrType::interfaces), PtrType>>
+  static InterfacesType meet_interfaces(const PtrType* t1, const PtrType* t2) {
+    return t1->interfaces()->intersection_with(t2->interfaces());
+  }
+
+  template <class OopType>
+  static int meet_instance_id(const OopType* t1, const OopType* t2) {
+    int id1 = t1->instance_id();
+    int id2 = t2->instance_id();
+    assert(id1 != TypeOopPtr::InstanceTop && id2 != TypeOopPtr::InstanceTop, "InstanceTop must be normalized to TypePtr::TopPTR");
+    return id1 == id2 ? id1 : TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot;
+  }
+
+  template <class OopType>
+  static auto meet_speculative(const OopType* t1, const OopType* t2) {
+    auto s1 = t1->speculative();
+    auto s2 = t2->speculative();
+    if (s1 == nullptr && s2 == nullptr) {
+      return s1;
+    }
+
+    if (s1 == nullptr) {
+      s1 = t1;
+    } else if (s2 == nullptr) {
+      s2 = t2;
+    }
+    return s1->meet(s2)->is_ptr();
+  }
+
+  template <class OopType>
+  static int meet_inline_depth(const OopType* t1, const OopType* t2) {
+    return MAX2(t1->inline_depth(), t2->inline_depth());
+  }
+
+  template <class OopType, class ConstOopType>
+  static void meet_ptr_and_const_oop(TypePtr::PTR& ptr, ConstOopType& const_oop, const OopType* t1, const OopType* t2) {
+    if (t1->ptr() == TypePtr::Constant && t2->ptr() == TypePtr::Constant && t1->const_oop() == t2->const_oop()) {
+      ptr = TypePtr::Constant;
+      const_oop = t1->const_oop();
+    } else if (t1->ptr() != TypePtr::BotPTR && t2->ptr() != TypePtr::BotPTR) {
+      ptr = TypePtr::NotNull;
+    } else {
+      ptr = TypePtr::BotPTR;
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <class InstKlassType>
+  static TypePtr::PTR meet_inst_klass_ptr(const InstKlassType* t1, const InstKlassType* t2) {
+    if (t1->ptr() == TypePtr::Constant && t2->ptr() == TypePtr::Constant &&
+        t1->instance_klass() == t2->instance_klass() && t1->interfaces() == t2->interfaces()) {
+      return TypePtr::Constant;
+    } else if (t1->ptr() != TypePtr::BotPTR && t2->ptr() != TypePtr::BotPTR) {
+      return TypePtr::NotNull;
+    } else {
+      return TypePtr::BotPTR;
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <class AryKlassType>
+  static TypePtr::PTR meet_ary_klass_ptr(const AryKlassType* t1, const AryKlassType* t2) {
+    if (t1->ptr() == TypePtr::Constant && t2->ptr() == TypePtr::Constant &&
+        t1->elem() == t2->elem() && t1->klass() == t2->klass() &&
+        t1->is_not_flat() == t2->is_not_flat() && t1->is_not_null_free() == t2->is_not_null_free() &&
+        t1->is_flat() == t2->is_flat() && t1->is_null_free() == t2->is_null_free() &&
+        t1->is_atomic() == t2->is_atomic() && t1->is_refined_type() == t2->is_refined_type()) {
+      return TypePtr::Constant;
+    } else if (t1->ptr() != TypePtr::BotPTR && t2->ptr() != TypePtr::BotPTR) {
+      return TypePtr::NotNull;
+    } else {
+      return TypePtr::BotPTR;
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <class PtrType>
+  static TypePtr::FlatInArray meet_flat_in_array(const PtrType* t1, const PtrType* t2) {
+    auto v1 = t1->flat_in_array();
+    auto v2 = t2->flat_in_array();
+    assert(v1 != TypePtr::TopFlat && v2 != TypePtr::TopFlat, "TopFlat must be normalized to TypePtr::TopPTR");
+    return v1 == v2 ? v1 : TypePtr::MaybeFlat;
+  }
+
+  template <class AryType, class ElemType, class CIKlassType>
+  static void meet_ary_elem(const ElemType*& elem, CIKlassType& klass, const AryType* t1, const AryType* t2) {
+    const ElemType* elem1 = t1->elem();
+    const ElemType* elem2 = t2->elem();
+    assert(!elem1->empty() && !elem2->empty(), "cannot be top");
+    if (elem1->base() == elem2->base()) {
+      if (elem1->base() == Type::Int) {
+        // boolean[], byte[], short[], char[], int[] all use some kinds of TypeInt as their element
+        // types, klass is used to distinguish between them. As a result, different kinds of array
+        // should result in bot[].
+        CIKlassType klass1 = t1->klass();
+        CIKlassType klass2 = t2->klass();
+        assert(klass1 != nullptr && klass2 != nullptr, "ambiguous array");
+        if (klass1 == klass2) {
+          elem = elem1->meet_speculative(elem2);
+          klass = klass1;
+        } else {
+          elem = ElemType::BOTTOM;
+        }
+      } else {
+        elem = elem1->meet_speculative(elem2);
+      }
+    } else {
+      if (elem1->make_ptr() != nullptr && elem2->make_ptr() != nullptr) {
+        elem = elem1->meet_speculative(elem2);
+      } else {
+        elem = ElemType::BOTTOM;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // TypeAryPtr is tricky, an exact Number[][] and an exact Integer[][] should be disjoint.
+  // However, their elements are non-exact Number[] and exact Integer[], respectively, which are
+  // not disjoint. This function specifically handle those cases.
+  template <class AryOopType>
+  static bool aryptr_klass_disjoint(const AryOopType* t1, const AryOopType* t2) {
+    if (!t1->klass_is_exact() && !t2->klass_is_exact()) {
+      // If t1 and t2 are both non-exact and disjoint, their elems should be disjoint, too. As a
+      // result, we do not need to handle that case here.
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    decltype(t1->is_oopptr()) exact_type;
+    decltype(t1->is_oopptr()) other_type;
+    bool both_are_exact;
+    if (t1->klass_is_exact()) {
+      exact_type = t1;
+      other_type = t2;
+      both_are_exact = t2->klass_is_exact();
+    } else {
+      exact_type = t2;
+      other_type = t1;
+      both_are_exact = t1->klass_is_exact();
+    }
+
+    // At each iteration, walk down from the array klasses to their element types. Keep
+    // both_are_exact because the element type of an exact Number[][] is a non-exact Number[], but
+    // we need to remember that the original type is an exact array.
+    while (true) {
+      if (exact_type->base() == Type::InstPtr) {
+        if (other_type->base() == Type::AryPtr) {
+          return true;
+        }
+
+        auto exact_klass = exact_type->is_instptr()->instance_klass();
+        auto other_klass = other_type->is_instptr()->instance_klass();
+        if (both_are_exact) {
+          return exact_klass != other_klass || exact_type->interfaces() != other_type->interfaces();
+        } else {
+          return !exact_klass->is_subtype_of(other_klass) || !exact_type->interfaces()->contains(other_type->interfaces());
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (other_type->base() == Type::InstPtr) {
+        auto other_inst_type = other_type->is_instptr();
+        return both_are_exact || !other_inst_type->instance_klass()->is_java_lang_Object() ||
+               !AryOopType::_array_interfaces->contains(other_inst_type->interfaces());
+      }
+
+      auto exact_ary_type = exact_type->is_aryptr();
+      auto other_ary_type = other_type->is_aryptr();
+      if (both_are_exact) {
+        if (exact_ary_type->is_flat() != other_ary_type->is_flat() || exact_ary_type->is_not_flat() != other_ary_type->is_not_flat() ||
+            exact_ary_type->is_not_null_free() != other_ary_type->is_not_null_free() || exact_ary_type->is_atomic() != other_ary_type->is_atomic()) {
+          return true;
+        }
+      } else {
+        if (!exact_ary_type->is_atomic() && other_ary_type->is_atomic()) {
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+
+      auto exact_elem = exact_ary_type->elem();
+      auto other_elem = other_ary_type->elem();
+      assert(exact_elem->base() != Type::Bottom, "cannot have an exact bot[]");
+      assert(!both_are_exact || other_elem->base() != Type::Bottom, "cannot have an exact bot[]");
+      if (other_elem->base() == Type::Bottom) {
+        return false;
+      }
+
+      if (exact_elem->make_ptr() != nullptr && other_elem->make_ptr() != nullptr) {
+        exact_type = exact_elem->make_ptr()->is_oopptr();
+        other_type = other_elem->make_ptr()->is_oopptr();
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      if (exact_elem->base() != other_elem->base()) {
+        return true;
+      } else if (exact_elem->base() == Type::Int) {
+        return exact_ary_type->klass() != other_ary_type->klass();
+      } else {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+class TypeJavaPtrJoinHelper {
+public:
+  template <class PtrType>
+  static const typename PtrType::PtrType* javaptr_type_xjoin(const PtrType* t1, const PtrType* t2) {
+    if (t1 == t2) {
+      return t1;
+    }
+
+    TypePtr::PTR ptr1 = t1->ptr();
+    TypePtr::PTR ptr2 = t2->ptr();
+    assert(ptr1 == TypePtr::Constant || ptr1 == TypePtr::NotNull || ptr1 == TypePtr::BotPTR, "unexpected ptr: %d", int(ptr1));
+    assert(ptr2 == TypePtr::Constant || ptr2 == TypePtr::NotNull || ptr2 == TypePtr::BotPTR, "unexpected ptr: %d", int(ptr2));
+
+    if constexpr (PtrType::is_oopptr_type) {
+      return oopptr_type_xjoin(t1, t2);
+    } else {
+      return klassptr_type_xjoin(t1, t2);
+    }
+  }
+
+private:
+  template <class OopType>
+  static const typename OopType::PtrType* oopptr_type_xjoin(const OopType* t1, const OopType* t2) {
+    assert(t1 != t2, "must have been handled");
+    Type::TYPES base1 = t1->base();
+    Type::TYPES base2 = t2->base();
+    assert(base1 == Type::InstPtr || base1 == Type::AryPtr, "must be an oopptr: %d", int(base1));
+    assert(base2 == Type::InstPtr || base2 == Type::AryPtr, "must be an oopptr: %d", int(base2));
+
+    Type::Offset offset = join_offset(t1, t2);
+    auto interfaces = join_interfaces(t1, t2);
+    auto flat_in_array = join_flat_in_array(t1, t2);
+    int instance_id = join_instance_id(t1, t2);
+    auto speculative = join_speculative(t1, t2);
+    int inline_depth = join_inline_depth(t1, t2);
+    if (offset == Type::Offset::top) {
+      return OopType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, TypePtr::TopPTR, offset, speculative, inline_depth);
+    } else if ((t1->ptr() == TypePtr::Constant || t2->ptr() == TypePtr::Constant) && instance_id != TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot) {
+      // A constant oop cannot be produced by an allocation in the current compilation
+      return OopType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, TypePtr::TopPTR, offset, speculative, inline_depth);
+    } else if (flat_in_array == TypePtr::TopFlat || instance_id == TypeOopPtr::InstanceTop) {
+      TypePtr::PTR ptr = join_ptr_with_null(join_ptr(t1, t2));
+      return OopType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, ptr, offset, speculative, inline_depth);
+    }
+
+    if (base1 != base2) {
+      const typename OopType::InstType* inst_type;
+      const typename OopType::AryType* ary_type;
+      if (base1 == Type::InstPtr) {
+        inst_type = t1->is_instptr();
+        ary_type = t2->is_aryptr();
+      } else {
+        inst_type = t2->is_instptr();
+        ary_type = t1->is_aryptr();
+      }
+
+      TypePtr::PTR ptr = join_ptr(t1, t2);
+      bool inst_type_can_contain_arrays = inst_type->instance_klass()->is_java_lang_Object() && !inst_type->klass_is_exact() &&
+                                          OopType::AryType::_array_interfaces->contains(inst_type->interfaces());
+      if (inst_type_can_contain_arrays) {
+        return OopType::AryType::make(ptr, ary_type->const_oop(), ary_type->ary(), ary_type->klass(), ary_type->klass_is_exact(), offset, ary_type->field_offset(),
+                                      instance_id, speculative, inline_depth, ary_type->is_autobox_cache());
+      } else {
+        return OopType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, join_ptr_with_null(ptr), offset, speculative, inline_depth);
+      }
+    } else if (base1 == Type::InstPtr) {
+      return instptr_type_xjoin(t1->is_instptr(), t2->is_instptr(), offset, interfaces, flat_in_array, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth);
+    } else {
+      return aryptr_type_xjoin(t1->is_aryptr(), t2->is_aryptr(), offset, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth);
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <class InstOopType, class PtrType, class InterfacesType>
+  static const typename InstOopType::PtrType* instptr_type_xjoin(const InstOopType* t1, const InstOopType* t2, Type::Offset offset, InterfacesType interfaces,
+                                                                 TypePtr::FlatInArray flat_in_array, int instance_id, const PtrType* speculative, int inline_depth) {
+    // Join 2 constants
+    if (t1->const_oop() != nullptr && t2->const_oop() != nullptr) {
+      if (t1->const_oop() != t2->const_oop()) {
+        return InstOopType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, TypePtr::TopPTR, offset, speculative, inline_depth);
+      } else {
+        return InstOopType::make(TypePtr::Constant, t1->instance_klass(), interfaces, true, t1->const_oop(), offset, flat_in_array, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth);
+      }
+    }
+
+    // From here, at least one of the operand is not constant
+    TypePtr::PTR ptr = join_ptr(t1, t2);
+    auto const_oop = t1->const_oop() != nullptr ? t1->const_oop() : t2->const_oop();
+    auto klass1 = t1->instance_klass();
+    auto klass2 = t2->instance_klass();
+    bool xk1 = t1->klass_is_exact();
+    bool xk2 = t2->klass_is_exact();
+
+    if (xk1 && xk2) {
+      if (t1->instance_klass() == t2->instance_klass()) {
+        return InstOopType::make(ptr, klass1, interfaces, true, const_oop, offset, flat_in_array, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth);
+      } else {
+        return InstOopType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, join_ptr_with_null(ptr), offset, speculative, inline_depth);
+      }
+    } else if (xk1) {
+      assert(klass1->is_loaded(), "pointer to an oop of an exact type must be loaded");
+      if (non_exact_type_contains_exact_type(t2, t1, interfaces)) {
+        return InstOopType::make(ptr, klass1, interfaces, true, const_oop, offset, flat_in_array, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth);
+      } else {
+        return InstOopType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, join_ptr_with_null(ptr), offset, speculative, inline_depth);
+      }
+    } else if (xk2) {
+      assert(klass2->is_loaded(), "pointer to an oop of an exact type must be loaded");
+      if (non_exact_type_contains_exact_type(t1, t2, interfaces)) {
+        return InstOopType::make(ptr, klass2, interfaces, true, const_oop, offset, flat_in_array, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth);
+      } else {
+        return InstOopType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, join_ptr_with_null(ptr), offset, speculative, inline_depth);
+      }
+    }
+
+    assert(const_oop == nullptr && ptr != TypePtr::Constant, "const oop should have exact klass");
+    if (!klass1->is_loaded() || !klass2->is_loaded()) {
+      // Consider an unloaded class to be a direct child of j.l.O and not have any subclass
+      if (klass1->is_java_lang_Object()) {
+        return InstOopType::make(ptr, klass2, interfaces, false, nullptr, offset, flat_in_array, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth);
+      } else if (klass2->is_java_lang_Object()) {
+        return InstOopType::make(ptr, klass1, interfaces, false, nullptr, offset, flat_in_array, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth);
+      } else if (klass1 == klass2) {
+        return InstOopType::make(ptr, klass1, interfaces, false, nullptr, offset, flat_in_array, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth);
+      } else {
+        return InstOopType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, join_ptr_with_null(ptr), offset, speculative, inline_depth);
+      }
+    }
+
+    // There is no opposite of LCA, there exists a non-null object o subtyping both A and B iff A
+    // is a subtype of B or B is a subtype of A
+    if (klass1->is_subtype_of(klass2)) {
+      return InstOopType::make(ptr, klass1, interfaces, false, nullptr, offset, flat_in_array, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth);
+    } else if (klass2->is_subtype_of(klass1)) {
+      return InstOopType::make(ptr, klass2, interfaces, false, nullptr, offset, flat_in_array, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth);
+    } else {
+      return InstOopType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, join_ptr_with_null(ptr), offset, speculative, inline_depth);
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <class AryOopType, class PtrType>
+  static const typename AryOopType::PtrType* aryptr_type_xjoin(const AryOopType* t1, const AryOopType* t2, Type::Offset offset, int instance_id,
+                                                               const PtrType* speculative, int inline_depth) {
+    using AryType = std::remove_pointer_t<decltype(t1->ary())>;
+    using ElemType = decltype(t1->elem());
+    using KlassType = decltype(t1->klass());
+
+    // Join of 2 different constants
+    if (t1->const_oop() != nullptr && t2->const_oop() != nullptr && t1->const_oop() != t2->const_oop()) {
+      return AryOopType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, TypePtr::TopPTR, offset, speculative, inline_depth);
+    }
+
+    TypePtr::PTR ptr = join_ptr(t1, t2);
+    ElemType elem;
+    KlassType klass = nullptr;
+    join_ary_elem(elem, klass, t1, t2);
+    if (elem->empty()) {
+      return AryOopType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, join_ptr_with_null(ptr), offset, speculative, inline_depth);
+    }
+
+    if (TypeJavaPtrMeetHelper::aryptr_klass_disjoint(t1, t2)) {
+      return AryOopType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, join_ptr_with_null(ptr), offset, speculative, inline_depth);
+    }
+
+    auto size = t1->size()->join(t2->size())->isa_int();
+    if (size == nullptr) {
+      return AryOopType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, join_ptr_with_null(ptr), offset, speculative, inline_depth);
+    }
+
+    auto const_oop = t1->const_oop() != nullptr ? t1->const_oop() : t2->const_oop();
+    bool stable = t1->is_stable() || t2->is_stable();
+    bool flat = t1->is_flat() || t2->is_flat();
+    bool not_flat = t1->is_not_flat() || t2->is_not_flat();
+    bool null_free = t1->is_null_free() || t2->is_null_free();
+    bool not_null_free = t1->is_not_null_free() || t2->is_not_null_free();
+    bool atomic = t1->is_atomic() || t2->is_atomic();
+    auto field_offset = t1->field_offset().join(t2->field_offset());
+    if ((flat && not_flat) || (null_free && not_null_free) || field_offset == Type::Offset::top) {
+      return AryOopType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, join_ptr_with_null(ptr), offset, speculative, inline_depth);
+    }
+
+    auto ary = AryType::make(elem, size, stable, flat, not_flat, null_free, not_null_free, atomic);
+    bool xk = t1->klass_is_exact() || t2->klass_is_exact();
+    bool autobox_cache = t1->is_autobox_cache() || t2->is_autobox_cache();
+    return AryOopType::make(ptr, const_oop, ary, klass, xk, offset, field_offset, instance_id, speculative, inline_depth, autobox_cache);
+  }
+
+  template <class KlassType>
+  static const typename KlassType::PtrType* klassptr_type_xjoin(const KlassType* t1, const KlassType* t2) {
+    assert(t1 != t2, "must have been handled");
+    Type::TYPES base1 = t1->base();
+    Type::TYPES base2 = t2->base();
+    assert(base1 == Type::InstKlassPtr || base1 == Type::AryKlassPtr, "must be a klassptr: %d", int(base1));
+    assert(base2 == Type::InstKlassPtr || base2 == Type::AryKlassPtr, "must be a klassptr: %d", int(base2));
+
+    Type::Offset offset = join_offset(t1, t2);
+    auto interfaces = join_interfaces(t1, t2);
+    auto flat_in_array = join_flat_in_array(t1, t2);
+    if (offset == Type::Offset::top) {
+      return KlassType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, TypePtr::TopPTR, offset);
+    } else if (flat_in_array == TypePtr::TopFlat) {
+      TypePtr::PTR ptr = join_ptr_with_null(join_ptr(t1, t2));
+      return KlassType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, ptr, offset);
+    }
+
+    if (base1 != base2) {
+      const typename KlassType::InstType* inst_type;
+      const typename KlassType::AryType* ary_type;
+      if (base1 == Type::InstKlassPtr) {
+        inst_type = t1->is_instklassptr();
+        ary_type = t2->is_aryklassptr();
+      } else {
+        inst_type = t2->is_instklassptr();
+        ary_type = t1->is_aryklassptr();
+      }
+
+      TypePtr::PTR ptr = join_ptr(t1, t2);
+      bool inst_type_can_contain_arrays = inst_type->instance_klass()->is_java_lang_Object() && !inst_type->klass_is_exact() &&
+                                          KlassType::AryType::_array_interfaces->contains(inst_type->interfaces());
+      if (inst_type_can_contain_arrays) {
+        return KlassType::AryType::make(ptr, ary_type->elem(), ary_type->klass(), offset, ary_type->is_not_flat(), ary_type->is_not_null_free(),
+                                 ary_type->is_flat(), ary_type->is_null_free(), ary_type->is_atomic(), ary_type->is_refined_type());
+      } else {
+        return KlassType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, join_ptr_with_null(ptr), offset);
+      }
+    } else if (base1 == Type::InstKlassPtr) {
+      return instklassptr_type_xjoin(t1->is_instklassptr(), t2->is_instklassptr(), offset, interfaces, flat_in_array);
+    } else {
+      return aryklassptr_type_xjoin(t1->is_aryklassptr(), t2->is_aryklassptr(), offset);
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <class InstKlassType, class InterfacesType>
+  static const typename InstKlassType::PtrType* instklassptr_type_xjoin(const InstKlassType* t1, const InstKlassType* t2, Type::Offset offset,
+                                                                        InterfacesType interfaces, TypePtr::FlatInArray flat_in_array) {
+    auto klass1 = t1->instance_klass();
+    auto klass2 = t2->instance_klass();
+    // Beware, when the exact klass pointer is an interface, instance_klass() is j.l.O and
+    // interfaces() is not empty
+    if (t1->ptr() == TypePtr::Constant && t2->ptr() == TypePtr::Constant) {
+      if (klass1 == klass2 && t1->interfaces() == t2->interfaces()) {
+        return InstKlassType::make(TypePtr::Constant, klass1, interfaces, offset, flat_in_array);
+      } else {
+        return InstKlassType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, TypePtr::TopPTR, offset);
+      }
+    } else if (t1->ptr() == TypePtr::Constant) {
+      if (non_exact_type_contains_exact_type(t2, t1, interfaces)) {
+        return InstKlassType::make(TypePtr::Constant, klass1, interfaces, offset, flat_in_array);
+      } else {
+        return InstKlassType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, TypePtr::TopPTR, offset);
+      }
+    } else if (t2->ptr() == TypePtr::Constant) {
+      if (non_exact_type_contains_exact_type(t1, t2, interfaces)) {
+        return InstKlassType::make(TypePtr::Constant, klass2, interfaces, offset, flat_in_array);
+      } else {
+        return InstKlassType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, TypePtr::TopPTR, offset);
+      }
+    } else {
+      TypePtr::PTR ptr = join_ptr(t1, t2);
+      if (klass1->is_subtype_of(klass2)) {
+        return InstKlassType::make(ptr, klass1, interfaces, offset, flat_in_array);
+      } else if (klass2->is_subtype_of(klass1)) {
+        return InstKlassType::make(ptr, klass2, interfaces, offset, flat_in_array);
+      } else {
+        return InstKlassType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, join_ptr_with_null(ptr), offset);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <class AryKlassType>
+  static const typename AryKlassType::PtrType* aryklassptr_type_xjoin(const AryKlassType* t1, const AryKlassType* t2, Type::Offset offset) {
+    using ElemType = decltype(t1->elem());
+    using KlassType = decltype(t1->klass());
+
+    TypePtr::PTR ptr = join_ptr(t1, t2);
+    ElemType elem;
+    KlassType klass = nullptr;
+    join_ary_elem(elem, klass, t1, t2);
+    bool not_flat = t1->is_not_flat() || t2->is_not_flat();
+    bool not_null_free = t1->is_not_null_free() || t2->is_not_null_free();
+    bool flat = t1->is_flat() || t2->is_flat();
+    bool null_free = t1->is_null_free() || t2->is_null_free();
+    if (elem->empty() || (flat && not_flat) || (null_free && not_null_free)) {
+      return AryKlassType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, join_ptr_with_null(ptr), offset);
+    }
+
+    bool atomic = t1->is_atomic() || t2->is_atomic();
+    bool refined = t1->is_refined_type() || t2->is_refined_type();
+    if (t1->klass_is_exact() && (not_flat != t1->is_not_flat() || not_null_free != t1->is_not_null_free() || flat != t1->is_flat() ||
+                                 null_free != t1->is_null_free() || atomic != t1->is_atomic() || refined != t1->is_refined_type())) {
+      return AryKlassType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, join_ptr_with_null(ptr), offset);
+    }
+    if (t2->klass_is_exact() && (not_flat != t2->is_not_flat() || not_null_free != t2->is_not_null_free() || flat != t2->is_flat() ||
+                                 null_free != t2->is_null_free() || atomic != t2->is_atomic() || refined != t2->is_refined_type())) {
+      return AryKlassType::PtrType::make(Type::AnyPtr, join_ptr_with_null(ptr), offset);
+    }
+
+    return AryKlassType::make(ptr, elem, klass, offset, not_flat, not_null_free, flat, null_free, atomic, refined);
+  }
+
+  template <class PtrType>
+  static TypePtr::PTR join_ptr(const PtrType* t1, const PtrType* t2) {
+    TypePtr::PTR ptr1 = t1->ptr();
+    TypePtr::PTR ptr2 = t2->ptr();
+    if (ptr1 == TypePtr::Constant || ptr2 == TypePtr::Constant) {
+      return TypePtr::Constant;
+    } else if (ptr1 == TypePtr::NotNull || ptr2 == TypePtr::NotNull) {
+      return TypePtr::NotNull;
+    } else {
+      return TypePtr::BotPTR;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // When 2 TypePtrs seem unrelated, they may still join at null if both of them are
+  // TypePtr::BotPTR.
+  static TypePtr::PTR join_ptr_with_null(TypePtr::PTR ptr) {
+    return ptr == TypePtr::BotPTR ? TypePtr::Null : TypePtr::TopPTR;
+  }
+
+  template <class PtrType>
+  static Type::Offset join_offset(const PtrType* t1, const PtrType* t2) {
+    return Type::Offset(t1->offset()).join(Type::Offset(t2->offset()));
+  }
+
+  template <class PtrType, class InterfacesType = std::invoke_result_t<decltype(&PtrType::interfaces), PtrType>>
+  static InterfacesType join_interfaces(const PtrType* t1, const PtrType* t2) {
+    return t1->interfaces()->union_with(t2->interfaces());
+  }
+
+  template <class OopType>
+  static int join_instance_id(const OopType* t1, const OopType* t2) {
+    int id1 = t1->instance_id();
+    int id2 = t2->instance_id();
+    assert(id1 != TypeOopPtr::InstanceTop && id2 != TypeOopPtr::InstanceTop, "InstanceTop must be normalized to TypePtr::TopPTR");
+    if (id1 == TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot) {
+      return id2;
+    } else if (id2 == TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot) {
+      return id1;
+    } else if (id1 == id2) {
+      return id1;
+    } else {
+      return TypeOopPtr::InstanceTop;
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <class OopType>
+  static auto join_speculative(const OopType* t1, const OopType* t2) {
+    auto s1 = t1->speculative();
+    auto s2 = t2->speculative();
+    if (s1 == nullptr && s2 == nullptr) {
+      return s1;
+    }
+
+    if (s1 == nullptr) {
+      s1 = t1;
+    } else if (s2 == nullptr) {
+      s2 = t2;
+    }
+    return s1->join(s2)->is_ptr();
+  }
+
+  template <class OopType>
+  static int join_inline_depth(const OopType* t1, const OopType* t2) {
+    return MIN2(t1->inline_depth(), t2->inline_depth());
+  }
+
+  template <class PtrType>
+  static TypePtr::FlatInArray join_flat_in_array(const PtrType* t1, const PtrType* t2) {
+    auto v1 = t1->flat_in_array();
+    auto v2 = t2->flat_in_array();
+    assert(v1 != TypePtr::TopFlat && v2 != TypePtr::TopFlat, "TopFlat must be normalized to TopPTR");
+    if (v1 == TypePtr::MaybeFlat) {
+      return v2;
+    } else if (v2 == TypePtr::MaybeFlat) {
+      return v1;
+    } else if (v1 == v2) {
+      return v1;
+    } else {
+      return TypePtr::TopFlat;
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <class AryType, class ElemType, class CIKlassType>
+  static void join_ary_elem(const ElemType*& elem, CIKlassType& klass, const AryType* t1, const AryType* t2) {
+    const ElemType* elem1 = t1->elem();
+    const ElemType* elem2 = t2->elem();
+    if (elem1 == ElemType::BOTTOM) {
+      elem = elem2;
+      klass = t2->klass();
+      return;
+    } else if (elem2 == ElemType::BOTTOM) {
+      elem = elem1;
+      klass = t1->klass();
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (elem1->make_ptr() != nullptr && elem2->make_ptr() != nullptr) {
+      elem = elem1->join_speculative(elem2);
+      if (!elem->empty() && elem->make_ptr()->ptr() == TypePtr::Null) {
+        elem = ElemType::TOP;
+      }
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (elem1->base() != elem2->base()) {
+      elem = ElemType::TOP;
+    } else if (elem1->base() == Type::Int) {
+      // boolean[], byte[], short[], char[], int[] all use some kinds of TypeInt as their element
+      // type, klass is used to distinguish between them. As a result, different kinds of array
+      // should result in top.
+      if (t1->klass() != t2->klass()) {
+        elem = ElemType::TOP;
+      } else {
+        elem = elem1->join(elem2);
+        klass = t1->klass();
+      }
+    } else {
+      elem = elem1->join(elem2);
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <class InstType, class InterfacesType>
+  static bool non_exact_type_contains_exact_type(const InstType* non_exact_type, const InstType* exact_type, InterfacesType interfaces) {
+    assert(!non_exact_type->klass_is_exact() && exact_type->klass_is_exact(), "invalid arguments");
+    auto non_exact_klass = non_exact_type->instance_klass();
+    auto exact_klass = exact_type->instance_klass();
+    // Supertypes of a loaded class should also be loaded
+    return (exact_klass->is_java_lang_Object() && non_exact_klass->is_java_lang_Object() && exact_type->interfaces() == interfaces) ||
+           (non_exact_klass->is_loaded() && exact_klass->is_subtype_of(non_exact_klass) && interfaces->eq(exact_klass));
+  }
+};
+
+#endif // SHARE_OPTO_TYPEJAVAPTR_HPP
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp
index 1198713619d..5e6a7c04a0b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp
@@ -738,7 +738,7 @@ inline bool is_java_type(BasicType t) {
   return T_BOOLEAN <= t && t <= T_VOID;
 }
 
-inline bool is_java_primitive(BasicType t) {
+constexpr inline bool is_java_primitive(BasicType t) {
   return T_BOOLEAN <= t && t <= T_LONG;
 }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/opto/test_typejavaptr.cpp b/test/hotspot/gtest/opto/test_typejavaptr.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..89fbebcf1e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/opto/test_typejavaptr.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,2003 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "nmt/memTag.hpp"
+#include "opto/type.hpp"
+#include "opto/typejavaptr.hpp"
+#include "unittest.hpp"
+#include "utilities/debug.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
+#include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
+#include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
+#include <array>
+#include <cstddef>
+
+class ciInstanceKlassMirror;
+class ciArrayKlassMirror;
+class TypeOopPtrMirror;
+class TypeInstPtrMirror;
+class TypeAryPtrMirror;
+class TypeKlassPtrMirror;
+class TypeInstKlassPtrMirror;
+class TypeAryKlassPtrMirror;
+
+// This file contains unit tests for the implementation of TypeJavaPtrMeetHelper and
+// TypeJavaPtrJoinHelper. We use mirror instances that mimic the behaviour of the real objects.
+// There are several advantages in using them:
+// - It is really hard to create a Type instance, while we can create mirror instances at will.
+// - Type::make can be used to create an arbitrary instance, while we can limit the corresponding
+//   factories to only return some expected instances. This greatly increases the rigor of the
+//   tests.
+// - Mirror instances are created at compile time, ensuring the absence of unexpected behaviors.
+
+class InterfaceSet {
+public:
+  bool _i0;
+  bool _i1;
+
+  constexpr InterfaceSet(bool i0, bool i1) : _i0(i0), _i1(i1) {}
+
+  InterfaceSet intersection_with(InterfaceSet other) const {
+    return InterfaceSet(_i0 && other._i0, _i1 && other._i1);
+  }
+
+  InterfaceSet union_with(InterfaceSet other) const {
+    return InterfaceSet(_i0 || other._i0, _i1 || other._i1);
+  }
+
+  const InterfaceSet* operator->() const {
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  constexpr bool operator==(InterfaceSet o) const {
+    return _i0 == o._i0 && _i1 == o._i1;
+  }
+
+  constexpr bool operator!=(InterfaceSet o) const {
+    return !(*this == o);
+  }
+
+  bool contains(InterfaceSet sub) const {
+    return (_i0 || !sub._i0) && (_i1 || !sub._i1);
+  }
+
+  bool eq(const ciInstanceKlassMirror* ci_klass) const;
+
+  void dump_on(outputStream& st) const {
+    if (_i0) {
+      st.print("x");
+    } else {
+      st.print("_");
+    }
+    if (_i1) {
+      st.print("x");
+    } else {
+      st.print("_");
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+class ciKlassMirror {
+private:
+  // The instance_id of the allocation corresponding to this type, each type has 3 dedicated id,
+  // this value is the start of the 3
+  int _instance_id;
+
+protected:
+  constexpr ciKlassMirror(int instance_id) : _instance_id(instance_id) {}
+
+public:
+  static constexpr bool verify_instance_id();
+
+  constexpr int instance_id() const { return _instance_id; }
+
+  virtual bool is_inst() const = 0;
+  virtual bool is_ary()  const = 0;
+  const ciInstanceKlassMirror* as_inst() const;
+  const ciArrayKlassMirror*    as_ary()  const;
+
+  virtual void dump_on(outputStream& st) const = 0;
+};
+
+class ciInstanceKlassMirror : public ciKlassMirror {
+private:
+  friend class ciEnvMirror;
+
+  static constexpr size_t _samples_size = 8;
+  int _parent_idx;
+  InterfaceSet _interfaces;
+  bool _is_loaded;
+  bool _is_interface;
+  const char* _name;
+
+  constexpr ciInstanceKlassMirror(int parent_idx, InterfaceSet interfaces, bool is_loaded, bool is_interface, const char* name, int instance_id)
+    : ciKlassMirror(instance_id), _parent_idx(parent_idx), _interfaces(interfaces), _is_loaded(is_loaded), _is_interface(is_interface), _name(name) {}
+
+public:
+  static const std::array<ciInstanceKlassMirror, _samples_size> _samples;
+
+  constexpr InterfaceSet                 interfaces()          const { return _interfaces; }
+  constexpr const ciInstanceKlassMirror* as_instance_klass()   const { return this; }
+  constexpr bool                         is_loaded()           const { return _is_loaded; }
+  constexpr bool                         is_interface()        const { return _is_interface; }
+  constexpr bool                         is_java_lang_Object() const { return _parent_idx == -1; }
+
+  constexpr const ciInstanceKlassMirror* parent() const {
+    if (is_java_lang_Object()) {
+      return nullptr;
+    } else {
+      return &_samples[_parent_idx];
+    }
+  }
+
+  constexpr bool is_subtype_of(const ciInstanceKlassMirror* other) const {
+    for (auto t = this; t != nullptr; t = t->parent()) {
+      if (t == other) {
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  constexpr const ciInstanceKlassMirror* least_common_ancestor(const ciInstanceKlassMirror* other) const {
+    for (auto t = this; t != nullptr; t = t->parent()) {
+      if (other->is_subtype_of(t)) {
+        return t;
+      }
+    }
+    ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+
+  virtual bool is_inst() const override { return true; }
+  virtual bool is_ary()  const override { return false; }
+
+  virtual void dump_on(outputStream& st) const override {
+    st.print("%s", _name);
+  }
+};
+
+constexpr std::array<ciInstanceKlassMirror, ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples_size> ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples{
+  ciInstanceKlassMirror(-1, InterfaceSet(false, false), true, false, "Object", 1),   // j.l.Object
+  ciInstanceKlassMirror(0, InterfaceSet(false, false), false, false, "unloaded", 4), // unloaded
+  ciInstanceKlassMirror(0, InterfaceSet(true, false), true, false, "A", 7),          // A extends Object implements I0
+  ciInstanceKlassMirror(2, InterfaceSet(true, true), true, false, "B", 10),          // B extends A implements I1
+  ciInstanceKlassMirror(2, InterfaceSet(true, false), true, false, "C", 13),         // C extends A
+  ciInstanceKlassMirror(0, InterfaceSet(false, true), true, false, "D", 16),         // D extends Object implements I1
+  ciInstanceKlassMirror(0, InterfaceSet(true, false), true, true, "I0", 19),         // I0
+  ciInstanceKlassMirror(0, InterfaceSet(false, true), true, true, "I1", 22),         // I1
+};
+
+bool InterfaceSet::eq(const ciInstanceKlassMirror* ci_klass) const {
+  return ci_klass->interfaces() == *this;
+}
+
+class ciArrayKlassMirror : public ciKlassMirror {
+private:
+  static constexpr size_t _samples_size = (ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples.size() + 3) * 2;
+  BasicType _bt;
+  bool _elem_is_array;
+  int _elem_idx;
+
+  constexpr ciArrayKlassMirror(BasicType bt, bool elem_is_array, int elem_idx, int instance_id)
+    : ciKlassMirror(instance_id), _bt(bt), _elem_is_array(elem_is_array), _elem_idx(elem_idx) {}
+
+public:
+  static const std::array<ciArrayKlassMirror, _samples_size> _samples;
+
+  static constexpr const ciArrayKlassMirror& find(BasicType bt, const ciKlassMirror* elem) {
+    for (auto& sample : _samples) {
+      if (sample._bt == bt && sample.elem() == elem) {
+        return sample;
+      }
+    }
+
+    ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+
+  constexpr BasicType            elem_basic_type() const { return _bt; }
+
+  constexpr const ciKlassMirror* elem()            const {
+    if (_elem_idx == -1) {
+      return nullptr;
+    } else if (_elem_is_array) {
+      return &_samples[_elem_idx];
+    } else {
+      return &ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples[_elem_idx];
+    }
+  }
+
+  virtual bool is_inst() const override { return false; }
+  virtual bool is_ary()  const override { return true; }
+
+  virtual void dump_on(outputStream& st) const override {
+    if (_bt != T_OBJECT) {
+      st.print("%s[]", type2name(_bt));
+    } else {
+      elem()->dump_on(st);
+      st.print("[]");
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+// byte[] and int[] shares the same element base when they are expressed as a TypeAryPtr, while
+// they have a different base from float[], so these 3 are used as representatives of primitive
+// arrays
+constexpr std::array<ciArrayKlassMirror, ciArrayKlassMirror::_samples_size> ciArrayKlassMirror::_samples = {
+  ciArrayKlassMirror(T_BYTE, false, -1, 25),
+  ciArrayKlassMirror(T_INT, false, -1, 28),
+  ciArrayKlassMirror(T_FLOAT, false, -1, 31),
+  ciArrayKlassMirror(T_OBJECT, false, 0, 34),
+  ciArrayKlassMirror(T_OBJECT, false, 1, 37),
+  ciArrayKlassMirror(T_OBJECT, false, 2, 40),
+  ciArrayKlassMirror(T_OBJECT, false, 3, 43),
+  ciArrayKlassMirror(T_OBJECT, false, 4, 46),
+  ciArrayKlassMirror(T_OBJECT, false, 5, 49),
+  ciArrayKlassMirror(T_OBJECT, false, 6, 52),
+  ciArrayKlassMirror(T_OBJECT, false, 7, 55),
+  ciArrayKlassMirror(T_OBJECT, true, 0, 58),
+  ciArrayKlassMirror(T_OBJECT, true, 1, 61),
+  ciArrayKlassMirror(T_OBJECT, true, 2, 64),
+  ciArrayKlassMirror(T_OBJECT, true, 3, 67),
+  ciArrayKlassMirror(T_OBJECT, true, 4, 70),
+  ciArrayKlassMirror(T_OBJECT, true, 5, 73),
+  ciArrayKlassMirror(T_OBJECT, true, 6, 76),
+  ciArrayKlassMirror(T_OBJECT, true, 7, 79),
+  ciArrayKlassMirror(T_OBJECT, true, 8, 82),
+  ciArrayKlassMirror(T_OBJECT, true, 9, 85),
+  ciArrayKlassMirror(T_OBJECT, true, 10, 88),
+};
+
+const ciInstanceKlassMirror* ciKlassMirror::as_inst() const {
+  assert(is_inst(), "not an instance");
+  return static_cast<const ciInstanceKlassMirror*>(this);
+}
+
+const ciArrayKlassMirror* ciKlassMirror::as_ary() const {
+  assert(is_ary(), "not an array");
+  return static_cast<const ciArrayKlassMirror*>(this);
+}
+
+constexpr bool ciKlassMirror::verify_instance_id() {
+  int expected = 1;
+  for (auto& ci_klass : ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples) {
+    if (ci_klass.instance_id() != expected) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    expected += 3;
+  }
+  for (auto& ci_klass : ciArrayKlassMirror::_samples) {
+    if (ci_klass.instance_id() != expected) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    expected += 3;
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+static_assert(ciKlassMirror::verify_instance_id());
+
+class ciEnvMirror {
+private:
+  static const ciEnvMirror _instance;
+
+public:
+  static constexpr const ciEnvMirror* current() { return &_instance; }
+  constexpr const ciInstanceKlassMirror* Object_klass() const { return &ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples[0]; }
+};
+constexpr ciEnvMirror ciEnvMirror::_instance;
+
+class InstanceMirror {
+private:
+  const ciKlassMirror* _klass;
+  int _idx;
+
+public:
+  constexpr InstanceMirror(const ciKlassMirror& klass, int idx) : _klass(&klass), _idx(idx) {}
+  constexpr InstanceMirror(std::nullptr_t) : _klass(nullptr), _idx(0) {}
+
+  constexpr int                  idx()   const { return _idx; }
+  constexpr const ciKlassMirror* klass() const { return _klass; }
+
+  constexpr int array_length() const {
+    // A little sneaky, static_cast to the incorrect type will be rejected in a constexpr
+    // evaluation. May change to _klass->is_ary() when C++20 is available.
+    assert(_klass != nullptr && static_cast<const ciArrayKlassMirror*>(_klass) != nullptr, "must be an array");
+    switch (_idx) {
+      case 0:
+      case 1:
+        return 1;
+      case 2:
+        return 2;
+      case 3:
+        return 0;
+      case 4:
+      case 5:
+        return 3;
+      default:
+        ShouldNotReachHere();
+    }
+  }
+
+  constexpr bool operator==(const InstanceMirror& o) const {
+    return _klass == o._klass && _idx == o._idx;
+  }
+
+  constexpr bool operator!=(const InstanceMirror& o) const {
+    return !(*this == o);
+  }
+
+  constexpr bool operator!=(std::nullptr_t) const {
+    return _klass != nullptr;
+  }
+};
+
+template <class PtrType>
+class AryElemType {
+private:
+  static constexpr size_t _1d_samples_size = ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples.size() + 5;
+
+  BasicType _bt;
+  const PtrType* _ptr_type;
+
+public:
+  static const AryElemType* const TOP;
+  static const AryElemType* const BOTTOM;
+
+  constexpr AryElemType(BasicType bt, const PtrType* ptr_type) : _bt(bt), _ptr_type(ptr_type) {
+    assert((bt == T_OBJECT) == (ptr_type != nullptr), "");
+  }
+
+  constexpr AryElemType() : AryElemType(T_ILLEGAL, nullptr) {}
+
+  static constexpr const AryElemType* find(BasicType bt, const PtrType* ptr_type) {
+    auto res = find_1d(bt, ptr_type);
+    if (res != nullptr) {
+      return res;
+    }
+
+    res = find_2d(bt, ptr_type);
+    assert(res != nullptr, "must find an instance");
+    return res;
+  }
+
+  static constexpr const AryElemType* find_1d(BasicType bt, const PtrType* ptr_type);
+  static constexpr const AryElemType* find_2d(BasicType bt, const PtrType* ptr_type);
+
+  constexpr BasicType      basic_type() const { return _bt; }
+  constexpr bool           empty()      const { return _bt == T_ILLEGAL; }
+  constexpr const PtrType* make_ptr()   const { return _ptr_type; }
+
+  constexpr Type::TYPES base() const {
+    if (_bt == T_VOID) {
+      return Type::Bottom;
+    } else if (_bt == T_ILLEGAL) {
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+    } else if (_bt == T_BYTE || _bt == T_INT) {
+      return Type::Int;
+    } else if (_bt == T_FLOAT) {
+      return Type::FloatBot;
+    } else {
+      assert(_bt == T_OBJECT, "unexpected BasicType %s", type2name(_bt));
+      assert(_ptr_type != nullptr, "must have element type info");
+      return _ptr_type->base();
+    }
+  }
+
+  const AryElemType* meet(const AryElemType* other) const { return meet_speculative(other); }
+  const AryElemType* join(const AryElemType* other) const { return join_speculative(other); }
+
+  const AryElemType* meet_speculative(const AryElemType* other) const {
+    if (_bt != other->_bt) {
+      return BOTTOM;
+    } else if (_bt != T_OBJECT) {
+      return this;
+    }
+
+    return find(T_OBJECT, TypeJavaPtrMeetHelper::javaptr_type_xmeet(_ptr_type, other->_ptr_type));
+  }
+
+  const AryElemType* join_speculative(const AryElemType* other) const {
+    if (_bt != other->_bt) {
+      return TOP;
+    } else if (_bt != T_OBJECT) {
+      return this;
+    }
+
+    auto ptr_type = TypeJavaPtrJoinHelper::javaptr_type_xjoin(_ptr_type, other->_ptr_type);
+    if (TypePtr::PTR ptr_ptr = ptr_type->ptr(); ptr_ptr == TypePtr::TopPTR || ptr_ptr == TypePtr::Null) {
+      return TOP;
+    }
+
+    return find(T_OBJECT, static_cast<const PtrType*>(ptr_type));
+  }
+};
+
+class TypePtrMirror {
+private:
+  static constexpr size_t _samples_size = 8;
+  Type::TYPES _base;
+  TypePtr::PTR _ptr;
+  Type::Offset _offset;
+
+  static const std::array<TypePtrMirror, _samples_size> _samples;
+
+protected:
+  constexpr TypePtrMirror(Type::TYPES base, TypePtr::PTR ptr, Type::Offset offset) : _base(base), _ptr(ptr), _offset(offset) {}
+
+  void dump_ptr(outputStream& st) const {
+    if (ptr() == TypePtr::BotPTR) {
+      st.print("BotPTR");
+    } else if (ptr() == TypePtr::NotNull) {
+      st.print("NotNull");
+    } else if (ptr() == TypePtr::Constant) {
+      st.print("Constant");
+    } else if (ptr() == TypePtr::Null) {
+      st.print("Null");
+    } else {
+      assert(ptr() == TypePtr::TopPTR, "unexpected ptr %d", int(ptr()));
+      st.print("TopPTR");
+    }
+  }
+
+  void dump_offset(outputStream& st) const {
+    if (offset() == Type::OffsetBot) {
+      st.print("offset=bot");
+    } else if (offset() == Type::OffsetTop) {
+      st.print("offset=top");
+    } else {
+      st.print("offset=%d", offset());
+    }
+  }
+
+public:
+  using ciEnv = ciEnvMirror;
+  using PtrType = TypePtrMirror;
+
+  static const TypePtrMirror* make(Type::TYPES base, TypePtr::PTR ptr, Type::Offset offset, const TypePtrMirror* speculative = nullptr, int inline_depth = 0) {
+    assert(base == Type::AnyPtr, "unexpected base %d", int(base));
+    assert(speculative == nullptr && inline_depth == 0, "unsupported");
+    for (auto& sample : _samples) {
+      if (sample.ptr() == ptr && sample.offset() == offset.get()) {
+        return &sample;
+      }
+    }
+
+    ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+
+  constexpr Type::TYPES          base()          const { return _base; }
+  constexpr TypePtr::PTR         ptr()           const { return _ptr; }
+  constexpr int                  offset()        const { return _offset.get(); }
+  constexpr TypePtr::FlatInArray flat_in_array() const { return TypePtr::NotFlat; }
+  constexpr bool                 empty()         const { return ptr() == TypePtr::TopPTR; }
+
+  const TypePtrMirror* meet(const TypePtrMirror* o) const { ShouldNotReachHere(); }
+  const TypePtrMirror* join(const TypePtrMirror* o) const { ShouldNotReachHere(); }
+  const TypePtrMirror* is_ptr()                     const { ShouldNotReachHere(); }
+
+  virtual const TypeOopPtrMirror*   is_oopptr()   const { ShouldNotReachHere(); }
+  virtual const TypeKlassPtrMirror* is_klassptr() const { ShouldNotReachHere(); }
+
+  virtual void dump_on(outputStream& st) const {
+    st.print("AnyPtr:");
+    dump_ptr(st);
+    st.print(" - ");
+    dump_offset(st);
+  }
+};
+
+constexpr std::array<TypePtrMirror, TypePtrMirror::_samples_size> TypePtrMirror::_samples = {
+  TypePtrMirror(Type::AnyPtr, TypePtr::TopPTR, Type::Offset::bottom),
+  TypePtrMirror(Type::AnyPtr, TypePtr::TopPTR, Type::Offset(0)),
+  TypePtrMirror(Type::AnyPtr, TypePtr::TopPTR, Type::Offset(1)),
+  TypePtrMirror(Type::AnyPtr, TypePtr::TopPTR, Type::Offset::top),
+  TypePtrMirror(Type::AnyPtr, TypePtr::Null, Type::Offset::bottom),
+  TypePtrMirror(Type::AnyPtr, TypePtr::Null, Type::Offset(0)),
+  TypePtrMirror(Type::AnyPtr, TypePtr::Null, Type::Offset(1)),
+  TypePtrMirror(Type::AnyPtr, TypePtr::Null, Type::Offset::top),
+};
+
+class TypeOopPtrMirror : public TypePtrMirror {
+private:
+  InterfaceSet _interfaces;
+  int _instance_id;
+  InstanceMirror _const_oop;
+  bool _klass_is_exact;
+
+protected:
+  constexpr TypeOopPtrMirror(Type::TYPES base, TypePtr::PTR ptr, InterfaceSet interfaces, InstanceMirror const_oop, bool klass_is_exact, Type::Offset offset, int instance_id)
+    : TypePtrMirror(base, ptr, offset), _interfaces(interfaces), _instance_id(instance_id), _const_oop(const_oop), _klass_is_exact(klass_is_exact) {}
+
+  void dump_instance(outputStream& st) const {
+    st.print("const_oop=");
+    if (const_oop() == nullptr) {
+      st.print("null");
+    } else {
+      st.print("%d", const_oop().idx());
+    }
+    st.print(" - instance_id=");
+    if (instance_id() == TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot) {
+      st.print("bot");
+    } else {
+      st.print("%d", instance_id());
+    }
+  }
+
+public:
+  static constexpr bool is_oopptr_type = true;
+  using InstType = TypeInstPtrMirror;
+  using AryType = TypeAryPtrMirror;
+
+  constexpr InterfaceSet         interfaces()     const { return _interfaces; }
+  constexpr InstanceMirror       const_oop()      const { return _const_oop; }
+  constexpr bool                 klass_is_exact() const { return _klass_is_exact; }
+  constexpr int                  instance_id()    const { return _instance_id; }
+  constexpr const TypePtrMirror* speculative()    const { return nullptr; }
+  constexpr int                  inline_depth()   const { return 0; }
+
+  virtual const TypeOopPtrMirror*  is_oopptr()  const override { return this; }
+  virtual const TypeInstPtrMirror* is_instptr() const = 0;
+  virtual const TypeAryPtrMirror*  is_aryptr()  const = 0;
+
+  virtual void dump_on(outputStream& st) const override = 0;
+};
+
+static constexpr size_t TypeInstPtr_samples_size() {
+  size_t res = 0;
+  for (auto& ci_klass : ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples) {
+    if (ci_klass.is_interface()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    // The constant instance
+    res += ci_klass.is_loaded() ? 2 : 0;
+
+    // The exact-klass instances, with different instance_id values
+    res += ci_klass.is_loaded() ? 4 : 0;
+
+    // The non-exact-klass instances
+    if (ci_klass.interfaces()._i0 && ci_klass.interfaces()._i1) {
+      res += 2;
+    } else if (ci_klass.interfaces()._i0 || ci_klass.interfaces()._i1) {
+      res += 4;
+    } else {
+      res += 8;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Different offset values
+  return res * 3;
+}
+
+class TypeInstPtrMirror : public TypeOopPtrMirror {
+private:
+  const ciInstanceKlassMirror* _klass;
+
+  constexpr TypeInstPtrMirror(TypePtr::PTR ptr, const ciInstanceKlassMirror& klass, InterfaceSet interfaces, bool klass_is_exact,
+                              InstanceMirror const_oop, Type::Offset offset, int instance_id)
+    : TypeOopPtrMirror(Type::InstPtr, ptr, interfaces, const_oop, klass_is_exact, offset, instance_id),
+      _klass(&klass) {
+    assert(!klass.is_interface(), "");
+  }
+
+  static constexpr auto generate_samples();
+
+public:
+  static const std::array<TypeInstPtrMirror, TypeInstPtr_samples_size()> _samples;
+
+  constexpr TypeInstPtrMirror()
+    : TypeOopPtrMirror(Type::Bad, TypePtr::TopPTR, InterfaceSet(false, false), nullptr, false, Type::Offset(0), 0),
+      _klass(nullptr) {}
+
+  static constexpr const TypeInstPtrMirror* make(TypePtr::PTR ptr, const ciInstanceKlassMirror* klass, InterfaceSet interfaces, bool klass_is_exact,
+                                                 InstanceMirror const_oop = nullptr, Type::Offset offset = Type::Offset(0), TypePtr::FlatInArray flat_in_array = TypePtr::NotFlat,
+                                                 int instance_id = TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot, const TypePtrMirror* speculative = nullptr, int inline_depth = 0) {
+    assert(flat_in_array == TypePtr::NotFlat && speculative == nullptr && inline_depth == 0, "unsupported");
+    for (auto& sample : _samples) {
+      if (sample.ptr() == ptr && sample.instance_klass() == klass && sample.interfaces() == interfaces && sample.klass_is_exact() == klass_is_exact &&
+          sample.const_oop() == const_oop && sample.offset() == offset.get() && sample.instance_id() == instance_id) {
+        return &sample;
+      }
+    }
+
+    ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+
+  constexpr const ciInstanceKlassMirror* instance_klass() const { return _klass; }
+
+  virtual const TypeInstPtrMirror* is_instptr() const override { return this; }
+  virtual const TypeAryPtrMirror*  is_aryptr()  const override { ShouldNotReachHere(); }
+
+  virtual void dump_on(outputStream& st) const override {
+    st.print("InstPtr:");
+    dump_ptr(st);
+    st.print(" - ");
+    instance_klass()->dump_on(st);
+    st.print("(");
+    interfaces().dump_on(st);
+    st.print(") - klass_is_exact=%d - ", klass_is_exact());
+    dump_instance(st);
+    st.print(" - ");
+    dump_offset(st);
+  }
+};
+
+constexpr auto TypeInstPtrMirror::generate_samples()  {
+  std::array<TypeInstPtrMirror, TypeInstPtr_samples_size()> res;
+  size_t sample_idx = 0;
+  auto fill_result = [&](TypePtr::PTR ptr, const ciInstanceKlassMirror& ci_klass, InterfaceSet interfaces, bool klass_is_exact, InstanceMirror const_oop, int instance_id) {
+    res[sample_idx] = TypeInstPtrMirror(ptr, ci_klass, interfaces, klass_is_exact, const_oop, Type::Offset::bottom, instance_id);
+    sample_idx++;
+    res[sample_idx] = TypeInstPtrMirror(ptr, ci_klass, interfaces, klass_is_exact, const_oop, Type::Offset(0), instance_id);
+    sample_idx++;
+    res[sample_idx] = TypeInstPtrMirror(ptr, ci_klass, interfaces, klass_is_exact, const_oop, Type::Offset(1), instance_id);
+    sample_idx++;
+  };
+
+  for (auto& ci_klass : ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples) {
+    if (ci_klass.is_interface()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    InterfaceSet interfaces = ci_klass.interfaces();
+    if (ci_klass.is_loaded()) {
+      fill_result(TypePtr::Constant, ci_klass, interfaces, true, InstanceMirror(ci_klass, 0), TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::Constant, ci_klass, interfaces, true, InstanceMirror(ci_klass, 1), TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, ci_klass, interfaces, true, nullptr, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, ci_klass, interfaces, true, nullptr, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, ci_klass, interfaces, true, nullptr, ci_klass.instance_id());
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, ci_klass, interfaces, true, nullptr, ci_klass.instance_id() + 1);
+    }
+
+    fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, ci_klass, interfaces, false, nullptr, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+    fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, ci_klass, interfaces, false, nullptr, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+    if (!interfaces._i0) {
+      fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, ci_klass, InterfaceSet(true, interfaces._i1), false, nullptr, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, ci_klass, InterfaceSet(true, interfaces._i1), false, nullptr, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+    }
+    if (!interfaces._i1) {
+      fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, ci_klass, InterfaceSet(interfaces._i0, true), false, nullptr, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, ci_klass, InterfaceSet(interfaces._i0, true), false, nullptr, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+    }
+    if (!interfaces._i0 && !interfaces._i1) {
+      fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, ci_klass, InterfaceSet(true, true), false, nullptr, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, ci_klass, InterfaceSet(true, true), false, nullptr, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+    }
+  }
+
+  assert(sample_idx == res.size(), "");
+  return res;
+}
+
+constexpr std::array<TypeInstPtrMirror, TypeInstPtr_samples_size()> TypeInstPtrMirror::_samples = generate_samples();
+
+class ArySizeType {
+private:
+  friend class TypeAryPtrMirror;
+
+  bool _empty;
+  int _lo;
+  int _hi;
+
+  constexpr ArySizeType(bool empty, int lo, int hi) : _empty(empty), _lo(lo), _hi(hi) {
+    assert((!empty && lo <= hi) || (empty && lo == 0 && hi == 0), "invariant");
+    assert(lo >= 0 && hi <= 3, "constraint");
+  }
+
+public:
+  static const ArySizeType BOTTOM;
+
+  ArySizeType meet(ArySizeType other) const {
+    assert(!_empty && !other._empty, "must not have empty type here");
+    return ArySizeType(false, MIN2(_lo, other._lo), MAX2(_hi, other._hi));
+  }
+
+  ArySizeType join(ArySizeType other) const {
+    assert(!_empty && !other._empty, "must not have empty type here");
+    int lo = MAX2(_lo, other._lo);
+    int hi = MIN2(_hi, other._hi);
+    if (lo > hi) {
+      return ArySizeType(true, 0, 0);
+    } else {
+      return ArySizeType(false, lo, hi);
+    }
+  }
+
+  const ArySizeType* operator->() const { return this; }
+  const ArySizeType& is_int()     const { assert(!_empty, "must not be empty"); return *this; }
+  const ArySizeType& isa_int()    const { return *this; }
+
+  constexpr bool contains(int len) const {
+    assert(0 <= len && len <= 3, "unsupported");
+    return _lo <= len && len <= _hi;
+  }
+
+  constexpr bool operator==(const ArySizeType& other) const {
+    return _empty == other._empty && _lo == other._lo && _hi == other._hi;
+  }
+
+  constexpr bool operator!=(const ArySizeType& other) const {
+    return !(*this == other);
+  }
+
+  constexpr bool operator==(std::nullptr_t) const {
+    return _empty;
+  }
+
+  constexpr bool operator!=(std::nullptr_t) const {
+    return !_empty;
+  }
+};
+
+constexpr ArySizeType ArySizeType::BOTTOM(false, 0, 3);
+
+class TypeAryMirror {
+private:
+  friend class TypeAryPtrMirror;
+
+  const AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>* _elem;
+  ArySizeType _size;
+
+public:
+  constexpr TypeAryMirror(const AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>* elem, ArySizeType size) : _elem(elem), _size(size) {
+    assert(size != nullptr, "");
+  }
+
+  static TypeAryMirror make(const AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>* elem, ArySizeType size, bool is_stable, bool flat, bool not_flat, bool null_free, bool not_null_free, bool atomic) {
+    assert(!is_stable && !flat && not_flat && !null_free && not_null_free && atomic, "unsupported");
+    return TypeAryMirror(elem, size);
+  }
+};
+
+static constexpr size_t TypeAryPtr_1d_elem_samples_size() {
+  size_t res = 0;
+  // top, bot, byte, int, float
+  res += 5;
+  for (auto& ci_klass : ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples) {
+    if (ci_klass.is_interface()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    if (ci_klass.interfaces()._i0 && ci_klass.interfaces()._i1) {
+      res += 1;
+    } else if (ci_klass.interfaces()._i0 || ci_klass.interfaces()._i1) {
+      res += 2;
+    } else {
+      res += 4;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return res;
+}
+
+static constexpr size_t TypeAryPtr_1d_exact_samples_size() {
+  size_t res = 0;
+  // byte[], int[], float[]
+  res += 3;
+  for (auto& ci_klass : ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples) {
+    if (ci_klass.is_loaded()) {
+      res += 1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return res;
+}
+
+static constexpr size_t TypeAryPtr_1d_nonexact_samples_size() {
+  size_t res = 0;
+  // bot[]
+  res += 1;
+  for (auto& ci_klass : ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples) {
+    if (ci_klass.is_interface()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    if (ci_klass.interfaces()._i0 && ci_klass.interfaces()._i1) {
+      res += 1;
+    } else if (ci_klass.interfaces()._i0 || ci_klass.interfaces()._i1) {
+      res += 2;
+    } else {
+      res += 4;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return res;
+}
+
+// All test instances have is_stable() == false, is_auto_box_cache() == false, is_flat() == false,
+// is_not_flat() == true, is_null_free() == false, is_not_null_free() == true, is_atomic() == true,
+// field_offset() == Offset::bottom. All other parameters are included exhaustively.
+class TypeAryPtrMirror : public TypeOopPtrMirror {
+private:
+  static constexpr size_t _1d_elem_samples_size = TypeAryPtr_1d_elem_samples_size();
+  static constexpr size_t _1d_samples_size = (TypeAryPtr_1d_exact_samples_size() * 15 + TypeAryPtr_1d_nonexact_samples_size() * 10) * 3;
+  static constexpr size_t _2d_elem_samples_size = TypeAryPtr_1d_nonexact_samples_size() + 3;
+  static constexpr size_t _2d_samples_size = _1d_samples_size;
+
+  TypeAryMirror _ary;
+  const ciArrayKlassMirror* _klass;
+
+  constexpr TypeAryPtrMirror(TypePtr::PTR ptr, InstanceMirror const_oop, const TypeAryMirror& ary,
+                             const ciArrayKlassMirror* klass, bool klass_is_exact, Type::Offset offset, int instance_id)
+    : TypeOopPtrMirror(TypePtr::AryPtr, ptr, _array_interfaces, const_oop, klass_is_exact, offset, instance_id),
+      _ary(ary), _klass(klass) {
+    assert(ary._elem != nullptr, "");
+  }
+
+  template <class R>
+  static constexpr void fill_samples_helper(R& res, size_t& sample_idx, TypePtr::PTR ptr, InstanceMirror const_oop, const AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>* elem,
+                                            const ciArrayKlassMirror* klass, bool klass_is_exact, int instance_id, Type::Offset offset);
+
+  static constexpr auto generate_1d_elem_samples();
+  static constexpr auto generate_1d_samples();
+  static constexpr auto generate_2d_elem_samples();
+  static constexpr auto generate_2d_samples();
+
+public:
+  static constexpr InterfaceSet _array_interfaces = InterfaceSet(false, true);
+  static const std::array<AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>, _1d_elem_samples_size> _1d_elem_samples;
+  static const std::array<TypeAryPtrMirror, _1d_samples_size> _1d_samples;
+  static const std::array<AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>, _2d_elem_samples_size> _2d_elem_samples;
+  static const std::array<TypeAryPtrMirror, _2d_samples_size> _2d_samples;
+
+  constexpr TypeAryPtrMirror()
+    : TypeOopPtrMirror(Type::Bad, TypePtr::TopPTR, _array_interfaces, nullptr, false, Type::Offset(0), 0),
+      _ary(nullptr, ArySizeType(false, 0, 0)), _klass(nullptr) {}
+
+  static constexpr const TypeAryPtrMirror* make(TypePtr::PTR ptr, InstanceMirror const_oop, const TypeAryMirror& ary, const ciArrayKlassMirror* klass, bool klass_is_exact,
+                                                Type::Offset offset, Type::Offset field_offset, int instance_id, const TypePtrMirror* speculative = nullptr, int inline_depth = 0, bool is_autobox_cache = false) {
+    assert(field_offset == Type::Offset::bottom && speculative == nullptr && inline_depth == 0 && !is_autobox_cache, "unsupported");
+    auto match = [&](const TypeAryPtrMirror& sample) {
+      return sample.ptr() == ptr && sample.const_oop() == const_oop && sample.elem() == ary._elem && sample.size() == ary._size &&
+             sample.klass() == klass && sample.klass_is_exact() == klass_is_exact && sample.offset() == offset.get() && sample.instance_id() == instance_id;
+    };
+
+    for (auto& sample : _1d_samples) {
+      if (match(sample)) {
+        return &sample;
+      }
+    }
+
+    for (auto& sample : _2d_samples) {
+      if (match(sample)) {
+        return &sample;
+      }
+    }
+
+    ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+
+  constexpr const TypeAryMirror                  ary()              const { return _ary; }
+  constexpr const AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>* elem()             const { return _ary._elem; }
+  constexpr ArySizeType                          size()             const { return _ary._size; }
+  constexpr bool                                 is_stable()        const { return false; }
+  constexpr const ciArrayKlassMirror*            klass()            const { return _klass; }
+  constexpr bool                                 is_autobox_cache() const { return false; }
+
+  bool is_flat()          const { return false; }
+  bool is_not_flat()      const { return true; }
+  bool is_null_free()     const { return false; }
+  bool is_not_null_free() const { return true; }
+  bool is_atomic()        const { return true; }
+  Type::Offset field_offset() const { return Type::Offset::bottom; }
+
+  virtual const TypeInstPtrMirror* is_instptr() const override { ShouldNotReachHere(); }
+  virtual const TypeAryPtrMirror*  is_aryptr()  const override { return this; }
+
+  virtual void dump_on(outputStream& st) const override {
+    st.print("AryPtr:");
+    dump_ptr(st);
+    st.print(" - ");
+    if (elem()->base() == Type::Bottom) {
+      st.print("bot");
+    } else if (elem()->basic_type() != T_OBJECT) {
+      st.print("%s", type2name(elem()->basic_type()));
+    } else {
+      st.print("(");
+      elem()->make_ptr()->dump_on(st);
+      st.print(")");
+    }
+    st.print("[%d - %d] - klass_is_exact=%d - ", size()._lo, size()._hi, klass_is_exact());
+    dump_instance(st);
+    st.print(" - ");
+    dump_offset(st);
+  }
+};
+
+template <>
+constexpr const AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>* AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>::TOP = &TypeAryPtrMirror::_1d_elem_samples[0];
+
+template <>
+constexpr const AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>* AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>::BOTTOM = &TypeAryPtrMirror::_1d_elem_samples[1];
+
+template <>
+constexpr const AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>* AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>::find_1d(BasicType bt, const TypeOopPtrMirror* ptr_type) {
+  for (auto& sample : TypeAryPtrMirror::_1d_elem_samples) {
+    if (sample._bt == bt && sample._ptr_type == ptr_type) {
+      return &sample;
+    }
+  }
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+template <>
+constexpr const AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>* AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>::find_2d(BasicType bt, const TypeOopPtrMirror* ptr_type) {
+  for (auto& sample : TypeAryPtrMirror::_2d_elem_samples) {
+    if (sample._bt == bt && sample._ptr_type == ptr_type) {
+      return &sample;
+    }
+  }
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+constexpr auto TypeAryPtrMirror::generate_1d_elem_samples() {
+  std::array<AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>, _1d_elem_samples_size> res;
+  res[0] = AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>(T_ILLEGAL, nullptr);
+  res[1] = AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>(T_VOID, nullptr);
+  res[2] = AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>(T_BYTE, nullptr);
+  res[3] = AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>(T_INT, nullptr);
+  res[4] = AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>(T_FLOAT, nullptr);
+
+  size_t sample_idx = 5;
+  for (auto& ci_klass : ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples) {
+    if (ci_klass.is_interface()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    InterfaceSet interfaces = ci_klass.interfaces();
+    res[sample_idx] = AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>(T_OBJECT, TypeInstPtrMirror::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, &ci_klass, interfaces, false));
+    sample_idx++;
+    if (!interfaces._i0) {
+      res[sample_idx] = AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>(T_OBJECT, TypeInstPtrMirror::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, &ci_klass, InterfaceSet(true, interfaces._i1), false));
+      sample_idx++;
+    }
+    if (!interfaces._i1) {
+      res[sample_idx] = AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>(T_OBJECT, TypeInstPtrMirror::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, &ci_klass, InterfaceSet(interfaces._i0, true), false));
+      sample_idx++;
+    }
+    if (!interfaces._i0 && !interfaces._i1) {
+      res[sample_idx] = AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>(T_OBJECT, TypeInstPtrMirror::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, &ci_klass, InterfaceSet(true, true), false));
+      sample_idx++;
+    }
+  }
+
+  assert(sample_idx == res.size(), "");
+  return res;
+}
+
+constexpr std::array<AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>, TypeAryPtrMirror::_1d_elem_samples_size> TypeAryPtrMirror::_1d_elem_samples = generate_1d_elem_samples();
+
+template <class R>
+constexpr void TypeAryPtrMirror::fill_samples_helper(R& res, size_t& sample_idx, TypePtr::PTR ptr, InstanceMirror const_oop, const AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>* elem,
+                                                     const ciArrayKlassMirror* klass, bool klass_is_exact, int instance_id, Type::Offset offset) {
+  if (const_oop != nullptr) {
+    TypeAryMirror ary(elem, ArySizeType(false, const_oop.array_length(), const_oop.array_length()));
+    res[sample_idx] = TypeAryPtrMirror(ptr, const_oop, ary, klass, klass_is_exact, offset, instance_id);
+    sample_idx++;
+  } else if (instance_id != TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot) {
+    // Each klass is reserved 3 distinct instance_id, so we try to infer whether which instance this
+    // is by finding its remainder modulo 3
+    if (instance_id % 3 == 1) {
+      TypeAryMirror ary(elem, ArySizeType(false, 0, 1));
+      res[sample_idx] = TypeAryPtrMirror(ptr, const_oop, ary, klass, klass_is_exact, offset, instance_id);
+      sample_idx++;
+      ary = TypeAryMirror(elem, ArySizeType(false, 1, 1));
+      res[sample_idx] = TypeAryPtrMirror(ptr, const_oop, ary, klass, klass_is_exact, offset, instance_id);
+      sample_idx++;
+    } else {
+      TypeAryMirror ary(elem, ArySizeType(false, 2, 3));
+      res[sample_idx] = TypeAryPtrMirror(ptr, const_oop, ary, klass, klass_is_exact, offset, instance_id);
+      sample_idx++;
+    }
+  } else {
+    TypeAryMirror ary(elem, ArySizeType(false, 0, 1));
+    res[sample_idx] = TypeAryPtrMirror(ptr, const_oop, ary, klass, klass_is_exact, offset, instance_id);
+    sample_idx++;
+    ary = TypeAryMirror(elem, ArySizeType(false, 1, 1));
+    res[sample_idx] = TypeAryPtrMirror(ptr, const_oop, ary, klass, klass_is_exact, offset, instance_id);
+    sample_idx++;
+
+    ary = TypeAryMirror(elem, ArySizeType(false, 0, 3));
+    res[sample_idx] = TypeAryPtrMirror(ptr, const_oop, ary, klass, klass_is_exact, offset, instance_id);
+    sample_idx++;
+    ary = TypeAryMirror(elem, ArySizeType(false, 1, 3));
+    res[sample_idx] = TypeAryPtrMirror(ptr, const_oop, ary, klass, klass_is_exact, offset, instance_id);
+    sample_idx++;
+    ary = TypeAryMirror(elem, ArySizeType(false, 2, 3));
+    res[sample_idx] = TypeAryPtrMirror(ptr, const_oop, ary, klass, klass_is_exact, offset, instance_id);
+    sample_idx++;
+  }
+}
+
+constexpr auto TypeAryPtrMirror::generate_1d_samples() {
+  std::array<TypeAryPtrMirror, _1d_samples_size> res;
+  size_t sample_idx = 0;
+  auto fill_result = [&](TypePtr::PTR ptr, InstanceMirror const_oop, const AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>* elem,
+                                   const ciArrayKlassMirror* klass, bool klass_is_exact, int instance_id) {
+    fill_samples_helper(res, sample_idx, ptr, const_oop, elem, klass, klass_is_exact, instance_id, Type::Offset::bottom);
+    fill_samples_helper(res, sample_idx, ptr, const_oop, elem, klass, klass_is_exact, instance_id, Type::Offset(0));
+    fill_samples_helper(res, sample_idx, ptr, const_oop, elem, klass, klass_is_exact, instance_id, Type::Offset(1));
+  };
+
+  auto bot_ary_elem = AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>::find_1d(T_VOID, nullptr);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, nullptr, bot_ary_elem, nullptr, false, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, nullptr, bot_ary_elem, nullptr, false, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+
+  auto byte_ary_elem = AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>::find_1d(T_BYTE, nullptr);
+  auto& byte_ary_klass = ciArrayKlassMirror::find(T_BYTE, nullptr);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, nullptr, byte_ary_elem, &byte_ary_klass, true, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, nullptr, byte_ary_elem, &byte_ary_klass, true, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, nullptr, byte_ary_elem, &byte_ary_klass, true, byte_ary_klass.instance_id());
+  fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, nullptr, byte_ary_elem, &byte_ary_klass, true, byte_ary_klass.instance_id() + 1);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::Constant, InstanceMirror(byte_ary_klass, 0), byte_ary_elem, &byte_ary_klass, true, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::Constant, InstanceMirror(byte_ary_klass, 1), byte_ary_elem, &byte_ary_klass, true, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+
+  auto int_ary_elem = AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>::find_1d(T_INT, nullptr);
+  auto& int_ary_klass = ciArrayKlassMirror::find(T_INT, nullptr);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, nullptr, int_ary_elem, &int_ary_klass, true, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, nullptr, int_ary_elem, &int_ary_klass, true, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, nullptr, int_ary_elem, &int_ary_klass, true, int_ary_klass.instance_id());
+  fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, nullptr, int_ary_elem, &int_ary_klass, true, int_ary_klass.instance_id() + 1);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::Constant, InstanceMirror(int_ary_klass, 0), int_ary_elem, &int_ary_klass, true, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::Constant, InstanceMirror(int_ary_klass, 1), int_ary_elem, &int_ary_klass, true, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+
+  auto float_ary_elem = AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>::find_1d(T_FLOAT, nullptr);
+  auto& float_ary_klass = ciArrayKlassMirror::find(T_FLOAT, nullptr);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, nullptr, float_ary_elem, nullptr, true, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, nullptr, float_ary_elem, nullptr, true, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, nullptr, float_ary_elem, nullptr, true, float_ary_klass.instance_id());
+  fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, nullptr, float_ary_elem, nullptr, true, float_ary_klass.instance_id() + 1);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::Constant, InstanceMirror(float_ary_klass, 0), float_ary_elem, nullptr, true, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::Constant, InstanceMirror(float_ary_klass, 1), float_ary_elem, nullptr, true, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+
+  for (auto& ci_klass : ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples) {
+    if (ci_klass.is_loaded()) {
+      auto& ci_instance_klass = ci_klass.is_interface() ? *ciEnvMirror::current()->Object_klass() : ci_klass;
+      auto elem_ptr_type = TypeInstPtrMirror::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, &ci_instance_klass, ci_klass.interfaces(), false);
+      auto elem = AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>::find_1d(T_OBJECT, elem_ptr_type);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, nullptr, elem, nullptr, true, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, nullptr, elem, nullptr, true, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+
+      auto& ci_ary_klass = ciArrayKlassMirror::find(T_OBJECT, &ci_klass);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, nullptr, elem, nullptr, true, ci_ary_klass.instance_id());
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, nullptr, elem, nullptr, true, ci_ary_klass.instance_id() + 1);
+
+      InstanceMirror const_oop_0(ci_ary_klass, 0);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::Constant, const_oop_0, elem, nullptr, true, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+      InstanceMirror const_oop_1(ci_ary_klass, 1);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::Constant, const_oop_1, elem, nullptr, true, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+    }
+
+    if (ci_klass.is_interface()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    InterfaceSet interfaces = ci_klass.interfaces();
+    {
+      auto elem_ptr_type = TypeInstPtrMirror::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, &ci_klass, interfaces, false);
+      auto elem = AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>::find_1d(T_OBJECT, elem_ptr_type);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, nullptr, elem, nullptr, false, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, nullptr, elem, nullptr, false, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+    }
+
+    if (!interfaces._i0) {
+      auto elem_ptr_type = TypeInstPtrMirror::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, &ci_klass, InterfaceSet(true, interfaces._i1), false);
+      auto elem = AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>::find_1d(T_OBJECT, elem_ptr_type);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, nullptr, elem, nullptr, false, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, nullptr, elem, nullptr, false, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+    }
+
+    if (!interfaces._i1) {
+      auto elem_ptr_type = TypeInstPtrMirror::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, &ci_klass, InterfaceSet(interfaces._i0, true), false);
+      auto elem = AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>::find_1d(T_OBJECT, elem_ptr_type);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, nullptr, elem, nullptr, false, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, nullptr, elem, nullptr, false, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+    }
+
+    if (!interfaces._i0 && !interfaces._i1) {
+      auto elem_ptr_type = TypeInstPtrMirror::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, &ci_klass, InterfaceSet(true, true), false);
+      auto elem = AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>::find_1d(T_OBJECT, elem_ptr_type);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, nullptr, elem, nullptr, false, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, nullptr, elem, nullptr, false, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+    }
+  }
+
+  assert(sample_idx == res.size(), "");
+  return res;
+}
+
+constexpr std::array<TypeAryPtrMirror, TypeAryPtrMirror::_1d_samples_size> TypeAryPtrMirror::_1d_samples = generate_1d_samples();
+
+constexpr auto TypeAryPtrMirror::generate_2d_elem_samples() {
+  std::array<AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>, _2d_elem_samples_size> res;
+  size_t sample_idx = 0;
+
+  for (auto& elem_ptr_type : _1d_samples) {
+    if (elem_ptr_type.ptr() != TypePtr::BotPTR || elem_ptr_type.size() != ArySizeType::BOTTOM || elem_ptr_type.offset() != 0) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    bool klass_is_exact = is_java_primitive(elem_ptr_type.elem()->basic_type());
+    if (elem_ptr_type.klass_is_exact() != klass_is_exact) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    res[sample_idx] = AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>(T_OBJECT, &elem_ptr_type);
+    sample_idx++;
+  }
+
+  assert(sample_idx == res.size(), "");
+  return res;
+}
+
+constexpr std::array<AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>, TypeAryPtrMirror::_2d_elem_samples_size> TypeAryPtrMirror::_2d_elem_samples = generate_2d_elem_samples();
+
+constexpr auto TypeAryPtrMirror::generate_2d_samples() {
+  std::array<TypeAryPtrMirror, _2d_samples_size> res;
+  size_t sample_idx = 0;
+  auto fill_result = [&](TypePtr::PTR ptr, InstanceMirror const_oop, const AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>* elem,
+                                   const ciArrayKlassMirror* klass, bool klass_is_exact, int instance_id) {
+    fill_samples_helper(res, sample_idx, ptr, const_oop, elem, klass, klass_is_exact, instance_id, Type::Offset::bottom);
+    fill_samples_helper(res, sample_idx, ptr, const_oop, elem, klass, klass_is_exact, instance_id, Type::Offset(0));
+    fill_samples_helper(res, sample_idx, ptr, const_oop, elem, klass, klass_is_exact, instance_id, Type::Offset(1));
+  };
+
+  for (auto& sample : _1d_samples) {
+    if (sample.ptr() == TypePtr::Constant && sample.const_oop().idx() == 0 && sample.offset() == 0) {
+      bool klass_is_exact = is_java_primitive(sample.elem()->basic_type());
+      TypeAryMirror ary(sample.elem(), ArySizeType::BOTTOM);
+      auto elem_ptr_type = TypeAryPtrMirror::make(TypePtr::BotPTR, nullptr, ary, sample.klass(), klass_is_exact, Type::Offset(0), Type::Offset::bottom, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+      auto elem = AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>::find_2d(T_OBJECT, elem_ptr_type);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, nullptr, elem, nullptr, true, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, nullptr, elem, nullptr, true, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+
+      auto& ci_ary_klass = ciArrayKlassMirror::find(T_OBJECT, sample.const_oop().klass());
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, nullptr, elem, nullptr, true, ci_ary_klass.instance_id());
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, nullptr, elem, nullptr, true, ci_ary_klass.instance_id() + 1);
+
+      InstanceMirror const_oop_0(ci_ary_klass, 0);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::Constant, const_oop_0, elem, nullptr, true, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+      InstanceMirror const_oop_1(ci_ary_klass, 1);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::Constant, const_oop_1, elem, nullptr, true, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+    }
+
+    if (sample.ptr() == TypePtr::BotPTR && sample.size() == ArySizeType::BOTTOM && !sample.klass_is_exact() && sample.offset() == 0) {
+      auto elem = AryElemType<TypeOopPtrMirror>::find_2d(T_OBJECT, &sample);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, nullptr, elem, nullptr, false, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, nullptr, elem, nullptr, false, TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot);
+    }
+  }
+
+  assert(sample_idx == res.size(), "");
+  return res;
+}
+
+constexpr std::array<TypeAryPtrMirror, TypeAryPtrMirror::_2d_samples_size> TypeAryPtrMirror::_2d_samples = generate_2d_samples();
+
+class TypeKlassPtrMirror : public TypePtrMirror {
+private:
+  InterfaceSet _interfaces;
+
+protected:
+  constexpr TypeKlassPtrMirror(Type::TYPES base, TypePtr::PTR ptr, InterfaceSet interfaces, Type::Offset offset)
+    : TypePtrMirror(base, ptr, offset), _interfaces(interfaces) {}
+
+public:
+  static constexpr bool is_oopptr_type = false;
+  using InstType = TypeInstKlassPtrMirror;
+  using AryType = TypeAryKlassPtrMirror;
+
+  constexpr InterfaceSet interfaces()     const { return _interfaces; }
+  constexpr bool         klass_is_exact() const { return ptr() == TypePtr::Constant; }
+
+  virtual const TypeKlassPtrMirror*     is_klassptr()     const { return this; }
+  virtual const TypeInstKlassPtrMirror* is_instklassptr() const = 0;
+  virtual const TypeAryKlassPtrMirror*  is_aryklassptr()  const = 0;
+};
+
+static constexpr size_t TypeInstKlassPtr_samples_size() {
+  size_t res = 0;
+  for (auto& ci_klass : ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples) {
+    if (!ci_klass.is_loaded() || ci_klass.is_interface()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    if (ci_klass.is_java_lang_Object()) {
+      // j.l.O has 2 additional constant klass pointers corresponding to the interfaces I0 and I1
+      res += 11;
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    // The constant instance
+    res += 1;
+
+    // The non-exact-klass instances
+    if (ci_klass.interfaces()._i0 && ci_klass.interfaces()._i1) {
+      res += 2;
+    } else if (ci_klass.interfaces()._i0 || ci_klass.interfaces()._i1) {
+      res += 4;
+    } else {
+      res += 8;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Different offset values
+  return res * 3;
+}
+
+class TypeInstKlassPtrMirror : public TypeKlassPtrMirror {
+private:
+  const ciInstanceKlassMirror* _klass;
+
+  static constexpr auto generate_samples();
+
+  constexpr TypeInstKlassPtrMirror(TypePtr::PTR ptr, const ciInstanceKlassMirror& klass, InterfaceSet interfaces, Type::Offset offset)
+    : TypeKlassPtrMirror(Type::InstKlassPtr, ptr, interfaces, offset), _klass(&klass) {
+    assert(klass.is_loaded() && !klass.is_interface(), "");
+  }
+
+public:
+  static const std::array<TypeInstKlassPtrMirror, TypeInstKlassPtr_samples_size()> _samples;
+
+  constexpr TypeInstKlassPtrMirror() : TypeKlassPtrMirror(Type::Bad, TypePtr::TopPTR, InterfaceSet(false, false), Type::Offset(0)), _klass(nullptr) {}
+
+  static constexpr const TypeInstKlassPtrMirror* make(TypePtr::PTR ptr, const ciInstanceKlassMirror* klass, InterfaceSet interfaces, Type::Offset offset = Type::Offset(0),
+                                                      TypePtr::FlatInArray flat_in_array = TypePtr::NotFlat) {
+    assert(flat_in_array == TypePtr::NotFlat, "unsupported");
+    for (auto& sample : _samples) {
+      if (sample.ptr() == ptr && sample.instance_klass() == klass && sample.interfaces() == interfaces && sample.offset() == offset.get()) {
+        return &sample;
+      }
+    }
+
+    ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+
+  constexpr const ciInstanceKlassMirror* instance_klass() const { return _klass; }
+
+  virtual const TypeInstKlassPtrMirror* is_instklassptr() const override { return this; }
+  virtual const TypeAryKlassPtrMirror*  is_aryklassptr()  const override { ShouldNotReachHere(); }
+
+  virtual void dump_on(outputStream& st) const override {
+    st.print("InstKlassPtr:");
+    dump_ptr(st);
+    st.print(" - ");
+    instance_klass()->dump_on(st);
+    st.print("(");
+    interfaces().dump_on(st);
+    st.print(")");
+    dump_offset(st);
+  }
+};
+
+constexpr auto TypeInstKlassPtrMirror::generate_samples() {
+  std::array<TypeInstKlassPtrMirror, TypeInstKlassPtr_samples_size()> res;
+  size_t sample_idx = 0;
+  auto fill_result = [&](TypePtr::PTR ptr, const ciInstanceKlassMirror& ci_klass, InterfaceSet interfaces) {
+    res[sample_idx] = TypeInstKlassPtrMirror(ptr, ci_klass, interfaces, Type::Offset::bottom);
+    sample_idx++;
+    res[sample_idx] = TypeInstKlassPtrMirror(ptr, ci_klass, interfaces, Type::Offset(0));
+    sample_idx++;
+    res[sample_idx] = TypeInstKlassPtrMirror(ptr, ci_klass, interfaces, Type::Offset(1));
+    sample_idx++;
+  };
+
+  for (auto& ci_klass : ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples) {
+    if (!ci_klass.is_loaded() || ci_klass.is_interface()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    if (ci_klass.is_java_lang_Object()) {
+      fill_result(TypePtr::Constant, ci_klass, InterfaceSet(false, false));
+      fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, ci_klass, InterfaceSet(false, false));
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, ci_klass, InterfaceSet(false, false));
+      fill_result(TypePtr::Constant, ci_klass, InterfaceSet(false, true));
+      fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, ci_klass, InterfaceSet(false, true));
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, ci_klass, InterfaceSet(false, true));
+      fill_result(TypePtr::Constant, ci_klass, InterfaceSet(true, false));
+      fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, ci_klass, InterfaceSet(true, false));
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, ci_klass, InterfaceSet(true, false));
+      fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, ci_klass, InterfaceSet(true, true));
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, ci_klass, InterfaceSet(true, true));
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    InterfaceSet interfaces = ci_klass.interfaces();
+    fill_result(TypePtr::Constant, ci_klass, interfaces);
+    fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, ci_klass, interfaces);
+    fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, ci_klass, interfaces);
+    if (!interfaces._i0) {
+      fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, ci_klass, InterfaceSet(true, interfaces._i1));
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, ci_klass, InterfaceSet(true, interfaces._i1));
+    }
+    if (!interfaces._i1) {
+      fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, ci_klass, InterfaceSet(interfaces._i0, true));
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, ci_klass, InterfaceSet(interfaces._i0, true));
+    }
+    if (!interfaces._i0 && !interfaces._i1) {
+      fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, ci_klass, InterfaceSet(true, true));
+      fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, ci_klass, InterfaceSet(true, true));
+    }
+  }
+
+  assert(sample_idx == res.size(), "");
+  return res;
+}
+
+constexpr std::array<TypeInstKlassPtrMirror, TypeInstKlassPtr_samples_size()> TypeInstKlassPtrMirror::_samples = generate_samples();
+
+static constexpr size_t TypeAryKlassPtr_1d_elem_samples_size() {
+  size_t res = 0;
+  // Top, Bot, byte, int, float
+  res += 5;
+  for (auto& ci_klass : ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples) {
+    if (!ci_klass.is_loaded()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    // The constant instance
+    res += 1;
+    if (ci_klass.is_interface()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    InterfaceSet interfaces = ci_klass.interfaces();
+    if (interfaces._i0 && interfaces._i1) {
+      res += 1;
+    } else if (interfaces._i0 || interfaces._i1) {
+      res += 2;
+    } else {
+      res += 4;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return res;
+}
+
+static constexpr size_t TypeAryKlassPtr_1d_samples_constant_size() {
+  size_t res = 0;
+  // byte[], int[], float[]
+  res += 3;
+
+  for (auto& ci_klass : ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples) {
+    if (!ci_klass.is_loaded()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    res += 1;
+  }
+
+  return res;
+}
+
+static constexpr size_t TypeAryKlassPtr_1d_samples_notnull_size() {
+  size_t res = 0;
+  // bot[], byte[], int[], float[]
+  res += 4;
+
+  for (auto& ci_klass : ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples) {
+    if (!ci_klass.is_loaded()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    // The notnull instance with constant elem
+    res += 1;
+
+    if (ci_klass.is_interface()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    InterfaceSet interfaces = ci_klass.interfaces();
+    if (interfaces._i0 && interfaces._i1) {
+      res += 1;
+    } else if (interfaces._i0 || interfaces._i1) {
+      res += 2;
+    } else {
+      res += 4;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return res;
+}
+
+// All test instances have is_flat() == false, is_not_flat() == true, is_null_free() == false,
+// is_not_null_free() == true, is_atomic() == true, is_refined_type() == false. All other
+// parameters are included exhaustively.
+class TypeAryKlassPtrMirror : public TypeKlassPtrMirror {
+private:
+  static constexpr size_t _1d_elem_samples_size = TypeAryKlassPtr_1d_elem_samples_size();
+  static constexpr size_t _1d_samples_size = (TypeAryKlassPtr_1d_samples_constant_size() + TypeAryKlassPtr_1d_samples_notnull_size() * 2) * 3;
+  static constexpr size_t _2d_elem_samples_size = TypeAryKlassPtr_1d_samples_constant_size() + TypeAryKlassPtr_1d_samples_notnull_size();
+  static constexpr size_t _2d_samples_size = (TypeAryKlassPtr_1d_samples_constant_size() * 3 + TypeAryKlassPtr_1d_samples_notnull_size() * 2) * 3;
+
+  const AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>* _elem;
+  const ciArrayKlassMirror* _klass;
+
+  constexpr TypeAryKlassPtrMirror(TypePtr::PTR ptr, const AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>* elem, const ciArrayKlassMirror* klass, Type::Offset offset)
+    : TypeKlassPtrMirror(TypePtr::AryKlassPtr, ptr, _array_interfaces, offset), _elem(elem), _klass(klass) {
+    assert(elem != nullptr, "");
+    assert((elem->base() == Type::Int) == (klass != nullptr), "only have klass for int/char/byte/short arrays");
+    assert(klass == nullptr || klass->elem_basic_type() == elem->basic_type(), "mismatched klass");
+  }
+
+  static constexpr auto generate_1d_elem_samples();
+  static constexpr auto generate_1d_samples();
+  static constexpr auto generate_2d_elem_samples();
+  static constexpr auto generate_2d_samples();
+
+public:
+  static constexpr InterfaceSet _array_interfaces = TypeAryPtrMirror::_array_interfaces;
+  static const std::array<AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>, _1d_elem_samples_size> _1d_elem_samples;
+  static const std::array<TypeAryKlassPtrMirror, _1d_samples_size> _1d_samples;
+
+  static const std::array<AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>, _2d_elem_samples_size> _2d_elem_samples;
+  static const std::array<TypeAryKlassPtrMirror, _2d_samples_size> _2d_samples;
+
+  constexpr TypeAryKlassPtrMirror() : TypeKlassPtrMirror(Type::Bad, TypePtr::TopPTR, _array_interfaces, Type::Offset(0)), _elem(nullptr), _klass(nullptr) {}
+
+  static const TypeAryKlassPtrMirror* make(TypePtr::PTR ptr, const AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>* elem, const ciArrayKlassMirror* klass, Type::Offset offset,
+                                           bool not_flat, bool not_null_free, bool flat, bool null_free, bool atomic, bool refined) {
+    assert(!flat && not_flat && !null_free && not_null_free && atomic && !refined, "unsupported");
+    for (auto& sample : _1d_samples) {
+      if (sample.ptr() == ptr && sample.elem() == elem && sample.klass() == klass && sample.offset() == offset.get()) {
+        return &sample;
+      }
+    }
+
+    for (auto& sample : _2d_samples) {
+      if (sample.ptr() == ptr && sample.elem() == elem && sample.klass() == klass && sample.offset() == offset.get()) {
+        return &sample;
+      }
+    }
+
+    ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+
+  const AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>* elem()  const { return _elem; }
+  const ciArrayKlassMirror*              klass() const { return _klass; }
+
+  bool is_flat()          const { return false; }
+  bool is_not_flat()      const { return true; }
+  bool is_null_free()     const { return false; }
+  bool is_not_null_free() const { return true; }
+  bool is_atomic()        const { return true; }
+  bool is_refined_type()  const { return false; }
+
+  virtual const TypeInstKlassPtrMirror* is_instklassptr() const override { ShouldNotReachHere(); }
+  virtual const TypeAryKlassPtrMirror*  is_aryklassptr()  const override { return this; }
+
+  virtual void dump_on(outputStream& st) const override {
+    st.print("AryKlassPtr:");
+    dump_ptr(st);
+    st.print(" - ");
+    if (elem()->base() == Type::Bottom) {
+      st.print("bot[]");
+    } else if (BasicType elem_bt = elem()->basic_type(); is_java_primitive(elem_bt)) {
+      st.print("%s[]", type2name(elem_bt));
+    } else {
+      st.print("(");
+      elem()->make_ptr()->dump_on(st);
+      st.print(")[]");
+    }
+    dump_offset(st);
+  }
+};
+
+template <>
+constexpr const AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>* AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>::TOP = &TypeAryKlassPtrMirror::_1d_elem_samples[0];
+
+template <>
+constexpr const AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>* AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>::BOTTOM = &TypeAryKlassPtrMirror::_1d_elem_samples[1];
+
+template <>
+constexpr const AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>* AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>::find_1d(BasicType bt, const TypeKlassPtrMirror* ptr_type) {
+  for (auto& sample : TypeAryKlassPtrMirror::_1d_elem_samples) {
+    if (sample._bt == bt && sample._ptr_type == ptr_type) {
+      return &sample;
+    }
+  }
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+template <>
+constexpr const AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>* AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>::find_2d(BasicType bt, const TypeKlassPtrMirror* ptr_type) {
+  for (auto& sample : TypeAryKlassPtrMirror::_2d_elem_samples) {
+    if (sample._bt == bt && sample._ptr_type == ptr_type) {
+      return &sample;
+    }
+  }
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+constexpr auto TypeAryKlassPtrMirror::generate_1d_elem_samples() {
+  std::array<AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>, _1d_elem_samples_size> res;
+  res[0] = AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>(T_ILLEGAL, nullptr);
+  res[1] = AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>(T_VOID, nullptr);
+  res[2] = AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>(T_BYTE, nullptr);
+  res[3] = AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>(T_INT, nullptr);
+  res[4] = AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>(T_FLOAT, nullptr);
+
+  size_t sample_idx = 5;
+  for (auto& ci_klass : ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples) {
+    if (!ci_klass.is_loaded()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    if (ci_klass.is_interface()) {
+      res[sample_idx] = AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>(T_OBJECT, TypeInstKlassPtrMirror::make(TypePtr::Constant, ciEnvMirror::current()->Object_klass(), ci_klass.interfaces()));
+      sample_idx++;
+    } else {
+      res[sample_idx] = AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>(T_OBJECT, TypeInstKlassPtrMirror::make(TypePtr::Constant, &ci_klass, ci_klass.interfaces()));
+      sample_idx++;
+    }
+  }
+
+  for (auto& ci_klass : ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples) {
+    if (!ci_klass.is_loaded() || ci_klass.is_interface()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    InterfaceSet interfaces = ci_klass.interfaces();
+    res[sample_idx] = AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>(T_OBJECT, TypeInstKlassPtrMirror::make(TypePtr::NotNull, &ci_klass, interfaces));
+    sample_idx++;
+    if (!interfaces._i0) {
+      res[sample_idx] = AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>(T_OBJECT, TypeInstKlassPtrMirror::make(TypePtr::NotNull, &ci_klass, InterfaceSet(true, interfaces._i1)));
+      sample_idx++;
+    }
+    if (!interfaces._i1) {
+      res[sample_idx] = AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>(T_OBJECT, TypeInstKlassPtrMirror::make(TypePtr::NotNull, &ci_klass, InterfaceSet(interfaces._i0, true)));
+      sample_idx++;
+    }
+    if (!interfaces._i0 && !interfaces._i1) {
+      res[sample_idx] = AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>(T_OBJECT, TypeInstKlassPtrMirror::make(TypePtr::NotNull, &ci_klass, InterfaceSet(true, true)));
+      sample_idx++;
+    }
+  }
+
+  assert(sample_idx == res.size(), "");
+  return res;
+}
+
+constexpr std::array<AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>, TypeAryKlassPtrMirror::_1d_elem_samples_size> TypeAryKlassPtrMirror::_1d_elem_samples = generate_1d_elem_samples();
+
+constexpr auto TypeAryKlassPtrMirror::generate_1d_samples() {
+  std::array<TypeAryKlassPtrMirror, _1d_samples_size> res;
+  size_t sample_idx = 0;
+  auto fill_result = [&](TypePtr::PTR ptr, const AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>* elem, const ciArrayKlassMirror* klass) {
+    res[sample_idx] = TypeAryKlassPtrMirror(ptr, elem, klass, Type::Offset::bottom);
+    sample_idx++;
+    res[sample_idx] = TypeAryKlassPtrMirror(ptr, elem, klass, Type::Offset(0));
+    sample_idx++;
+    res[sample_idx] = TypeAryKlassPtrMirror(ptr, elem, klass, Type::Offset(1));
+    sample_idx++;
+  };
+
+  fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>::find_1d(T_VOID, nullptr), nullptr);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>::find_1d(T_VOID, nullptr), nullptr);
+
+  auto& byte_ary_klass = ciArrayKlassMirror::find(T_BYTE, nullptr);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>::find_1d(T_BYTE, nullptr), &byte_ary_klass);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>::find_1d(T_BYTE, nullptr), &byte_ary_klass);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::Constant, AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>::find_1d(T_BYTE, nullptr), &byte_ary_klass);
+
+  auto& int_ary_klass = ciArrayKlassMirror::find(T_INT, nullptr);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>::find_1d(T_INT, nullptr), &int_ary_klass);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>::find_1d(T_INT, nullptr), &int_ary_klass);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::Constant, AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>::find_1d(T_INT, nullptr), &int_ary_klass);
+
+  fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>::find_1d(T_FLOAT, nullptr), nullptr);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>::find_1d(T_FLOAT, nullptr), nullptr);
+  fill_result(TypePtr::Constant, AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>::find_1d(T_FLOAT, nullptr), nullptr);
+
+  for (auto& elem : _1d_elem_samples) {
+    if (elem.make_ptr() == nullptr) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    fill_result(TypePtr::BotPTR, &elem, nullptr);
+    fill_result(TypePtr::NotNull, &elem, nullptr);
+
+    if (elem.make_ptr()->ptr() == TypePtr::Constant) {
+      fill_result(TypePtr::Constant, &elem, nullptr);
+    }
+  }
+
+  assert(sample_idx == res.size(), "");
+  return res;
+}
+
+constexpr std::array<TypeAryKlassPtrMirror, TypeAryKlassPtrMirror::_1d_samples_size> TypeAryKlassPtrMirror::_1d_samples = generate_1d_samples();
+
+constexpr auto TypeAryKlassPtrMirror::generate_2d_elem_samples() {
+  std::array<AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>, _2d_elem_samples_size> res;
+  size_t sample_idx = 0;
+  for (auto& ptr_type : _1d_samples) {
+    if (ptr_type.ptr() == TypePtr::BotPTR || ptr_type.offset() != 0) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    res[sample_idx] = AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>(T_OBJECT, &ptr_type);
+    sample_idx++;
+  }
+
+  assert(sample_idx == res.size(), "");
+  return res;
+}
+
+constexpr std::array<AryElemType<TypeKlassPtrMirror>, TypeAryKlassPtrMirror::_2d_elem_samples_size> TypeAryKlassPtrMirror::_2d_elem_samples = generate_2d_elem_samples();
+
+constexpr auto TypeAryKlassPtrMirror::generate_2d_samples() {
+  std::array<TypeAryKlassPtrMirror, _2d_samples_size> res;
+  size_t sample_idx = 0;
+  for (auto& elem : _2d_elem_samples) {
+    res[sample_idx] = TypeAryKlassPtrMirror(TypePtr::BotPTR, &elem, nullptr, Type::Offset::bottom);
+    sample_idx++;
+    res[sample_idx] = TypeAryKlassPtrMirror(TypePtr::BotPTR, &elem, nullptr, Type::Offset(0));
+    sample_idx++;
+    res[sample_idx] = TypeAryKlassPtrMirror(TypePtr::BotPTR, &elem, nullptr, Type::Offset(1));
+    sample_idx++;
+    res[sample_idx] = TypeAryKlassPtrMirror(TypePtr::NotNull, &elem, nullptr, Type::Offset::bottom);
+    sample_idx++;
+    res[sample_idx] = TypeAryKlassPtrMirror(TypePtr::NotNull, &elem, nullptr, Type::Offset(0));
+    sample_idx++;
+    res[sample_idx] = TypeAryKlassPtrMirror(TypePtr::NotNull, &elem, nullptr, Type::Offset(1));
+    sample_idx++;
+
+    if (elem.make_ptr()->ptr() == TypePtr::Constant) {
+      res[sample_idx] = TypeAryKlassPtrMirror(TypePtr::Constant, &elem, nullptr, Type::Offset::bottom);
+      sample_idx++;
+      res[sample_idx] = TypeAryKlassPtrMirror(TypePtr::Constant, &elem, nullptr, Type::Offset(0));
+      sample_idx++;
+      res[sample_idx] = TypeAryKlassPtrMirror(TypePtr::Constant, &elem, nullptr, Type::Offset(1));
+      sample_idx++;
+    }
+  }
+
+  assert(sample_idx == res.size(), "");
+  return res;
+}
+
+constexpr std::array<TypeAryKlassPtrMirror, TypeAryKlassPtrMirror::_2d_samples_size> TypeAryKlassPtrMirror::_2d_samples = generate_2d_samples();
+
+// OopPtrMirror is the mirror of oop
+class OopPtrMirror {
+private:
+  static constexpr size_t _samples_size = (ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples.size() + ciArrayKlassMirror::_samples.size()) * 18 + 3;
+  InstanceMirror _pointee;
+  int _instance_id;
+  int _offset;
+
+  constexpr OopPtrMirror(InstanceMirror pointee, int instance_id, int offset) : _pointee(pointee), _instance_id(instance_id), _offset(offset) {}
+
+  static constexpr auto generate_samples();
+
+public:
+  static const std::array<OopPtrMirror, _samples_size> _samples;
+
+  constexpr OopPtrMirror() : _pointee(nullptr), _instance_id(0), _offset(0) {}
+
+  template <class PtrType>
+  static bool klass_satisfies(const ciKlassMirror* klass, const PtrType* type, bool type_is_exact) {
+    type_is_exact |= type->klass_is_exact();
+
+    if (klass->is_inst()) {
+      if (type->base() == Type::AryPtr || type->base() == Type::AryKlassPtr) {
+        return false;
+      }
+
+      auto inst_klass = klass->as_inst();
+      auto inst_interfaces = inst_klass->interfaces();
+      if (inst_klass->is_interface()) {
+        inst_klass = ciEnvMirror::current()->Object_klass();
+      }
+
+      const typename PtrType::InstType* type_inst;
+      if constexpr (PtrType::is_oopptr_type) {
+        type_inst = type->is_oopptr()->is_instptr();
+      } else {
+        type_inst = type->is_klassptr()->is_instklassptr();
+      }
+
+      if (type_is_exact) {
+        return inst_klass == type_inst->instance_klass() &&
+               inst_interfaces == type_inst->interfaces();
+      } else {
+        return inst_klass->is_subtype_of(type_inst->instance_klass()) &&
+               inst_interfaces->contains(type_inst->interfaces());
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (type->base() == Type::InstPtr || type->base() == Type::InstKlassPtr) {
+      const typename PtrType::InstType* type_inst;
+      if constexpr (PtrType::is_oopptr_type) {
+        type_inst = type->is_oopptr()->is_instptr();
+      } else {
+        type_inst = type->is_klassptr()->is_instklassptr();
+      }
+
+      return !type_is_exact && type_inst->instance_klass()->is_java_lang_Object() &&
+             TypeAryKlassPtrMirror::_array_interfaces.contains(type_inst->interfaces());
+    }
+
+    const typename PtrType::AryType* type_ary;
+    if constexpr (PtrType::is_oopptr_type) {
+      type_ary = type->is_oopptr()->is_aryptr();
+    } else {
+      type_ary = type->is_klassptr()->is_aryklassptr();
+    }
+    auto type_elem = type_ary->elem();
+    auto ary_klass = klass->as_ary();
+    if (type_elem->base() == Type::Bottom) {
+      assert(type->ptr() != TypePtr::Constant, "cannot have an exact bot[]");
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    if (type_elem->basic_type() != ary_klass->elem_basic_type()) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    if (type_elem->basic_type() != T_OBJECT) {
+      return true;
+    } else {
+      return klass_satisfies<PtrType>(ary_klass->elem(), type_elem->make_ptr(), type_is_exact);
+    }
+  }
+
+  bool satisfies(const TypePtrMirror* type) const {
+    if (type->offset() != Type::OffsetBot && type->offset() != _offset) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    if (_pointee.klass() == nullptr) {
+      return type->ptr() == TypePtr::BotPTR || type->ptr() == TypePtr::Null;
+    }
+
+    if (type->base() == Type::AnyPtr) {
+      assert(type->ptr() == TypePtr::TopPTR || type->ptr() == TypePtr::Null, "must be top or null");
+      return false;
+    }
+    assert(type->ptr() == TypePtr::BotPTR || type->ptr() == TypePtr::NotNull || type->ptr() == TypePtr::Constant, "only AnyPtr can be top or null");
+
+    auto type_oop = type->is_oopptr();
+    if (_pointee.klass()->is_ary() && type->base() == Type::AryPtr &&
+        !type_oop->is_aryptr()->size()->contains(_pointee.array_length())) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    if (type->ptr() == TypePtr::Constant) {
+      auto const_oop = type_oop->const_oop();
+      return const_oop == _pointee;
+    }
+
+    if (type_oop->instance_id() != TypeOopPtr::InstanceBot && type_oop->instance_id() != _instance_id) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    return klass_satisfies(_pointee.klass(), type_oop, false);
+  }
+
+  void dump_on(outputStream& st) const {
+    st.print("klassptr_instance:");
+    if (_pointee.klass() == nullptr) {
+      st.print("null");
+    } else {
+      _pointee.klass()->dump_on(st);
+      st.print(" - idx=%d - instance_id=%d", _pointee.idx(), _instance_id);
+    }
+    st.print(" - offset=%d", _offset);
+  }
+};
+
+constexpr auto OopPtrMirror::generate_samples() {
+  std::array<OopPtrMirror, _samples_size> res;
+  res[0] = OopPtrMirror(InstanceMirror(nullptr), 0, 0);
+  res[1] = OopPtrMirror(InstanceMirror(nullptr), 0, 1);
+  res[2] = OopPtrMirror(InstanceMirror(nullptr), 0, 2);
+
+  size_t sample_idx = 3;
+  auto fill_result_helper = [&](const ciKlassMirror& ci_klass, int idx, int instance_id) {
+    res[sample_idx] = OopPtrMirror(InstanceMirror(ci_klass, idx), instance_id, 0);
+    sample_idx++;
+    res[sample_idx] = OopPtrMirror(InstanceMirror(ci_klass, idx), instance_id, 1);
+    sample_idx++;
+    res[sample_idx] = OopPtrMirror(InstanceMirror(ci_klass, idx), instance_id, 2);
+    sample_idx++;
+  };
+
+  auto fill_result = [&](const ciKlassMirror& ci_klass) {
+    fill_result_helper(ci_klass, 0, 0);
+    fill_result_helper(ci_klass, 1, 0);
+    fill_result_helper(ci_klass, 2, 0);
+    fill_result_helper(ci_klass, 3, ci_klass.instance_id());
+    fill_result_helper(ci_klass, 3, ci_klass.instance_id() + 1);
+    fill_result_helper(ci_klass, 3, ci_klass.instance_id() + 2);
+  };
+
+  for (auto& ci_klass : ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples) {
+    fill_result(ci_klass);
+  }
+  for (auto& ci_klass : ciArrayKlassMirror::_samples) {
+    fill_result(ci_klass);
+  }
+
+  assert(sample_idx == res.size(), "");
+  return res;
+}
+
+constexpr std::array<OopPtrMirror, OopPtrMirror::_samples_size> OopPtrMirror::_samples = generate_samples();
+
+// KlassPtrMirror is the mirror of Klass*
+class KlassPtrMirror {
+private:
+  static constexpr size_t _samples_size = (ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples.size() + ciArrayKlassMirror::_samples.size() + 1) * 3;
+  const ciKlassMirror* _klass;
+  int _offset;
+
+  constexpr KlassPtrMirror(const ciKlassMirror* klass, int offset) : _klass(klass), _offset(offset) {}
+
+  static constexpr auto generate_samples();
+
+public:
+  static const std::array<KlassPtrMirror, _samples_size> _samples;
+
+  constexpr KlassPtrMirror() : _klass(nullptr), _offset(0) {}
+
+  bool satisfies(const TypePtrMirror* type) const {
+    if (type->offset() != _offset && type->offset() != Type::OffsetBot) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    if (_klass == nullptr) {
+      return type->ptr() == TypePtr::BotPTR || type->ptr() == TypePtr::Null;
+    }
+
+    if (type->base() == Type::AnyPtr) {
+      assert(type->ptr() == TypePtr::TopPTR || type->ptr() == TypePtr::Null, "must be top or null");
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    assert(type->ptr() == TypePtr::BotPTR || type->ptr() == TypePtr::NotNull || type->ptr() == TypePtr::Constant, "only AnyPtr can be top or null");
+    return OopPtrMirror::klass_satisfies(_klass, type->is_klassptr(), false);
+  }
+
+  void dump_on(outputStream& st) const {
+    st.print("klassptr_instance:");
+    if (_klass == nullptr) {
+      st.print("null");
+    } else {
+      _klass->dump_on(st);
+    }
+    st.print(" - offset=%d", _offset);
+  }
+};
+
+constexpr auto KlassPtrMirror::generate_samples() {
+  std::array<KlassPtrMirror, _samples_size> res;
+  res[0] = KlassPtrMirror(nullptr, 0);
+  res[1] = KlassPtrMirror(nullptr, 1);
+  res[2] = KlassPtrMirror(nullptr, 2);
+
+  size_t sample_idx = 3;
+  for (auto& ci_klass : ciInstanceKlassMirror::_samples) {
+    res[sample_idx] = KlassPtrMirror(&ci_klass, 0);
+    res[sample_idx + 1] = KlassPtrMirror(&ci_klass, 1);
+    res[sample_idx + 2] = KlassPtrMirror(&ci_klass, 2);
+    sample_idx += 3;
+  }
+  for (auto& ci_klass : ciArrayKlassMirror::_samples) {
+    res[sample_idx] = KlassPtrMirror(&ci_klass, 0);
+    res[sample_idx + 1] = KlassPtrMirror(&ci_klass, 1);
+    res[sample_idx + 2] = KlassPtrMirror(&ci_klass, 2);
+    sample_idx += 3;
+  }
+
+  assert(sample_idx == res.size(), "");
+  return res;
+}
+
+constexpr std::array<KlassPtrMirror, KlassPtrMirror::_samples_size> KlassPtrMirror::_samples = generate_samples();
+
+template <class PtrType, class Ptr>
+static void test_meet_join() {
+  constexpr size_t samples_size = PtrType::InstType::_samples.size() + PtrType::AryType::_1d_samples.size() + PtrType::AryType::_2d_samples.size();
+  if constexpr (PtrType::is_oopptr_type) {
+    static_assert(samples_size == 2040);
+  } else {
+    static_assert(samples_size == 471);
+  }
+
+  // Running all instances takes a lot of time, so we only run a fraction of them regularly
+  auto sample_hit = [] {
+    constexpr double sampling_prob = 0.02;
+    return uint(os::random()) < max_juint * sampling_prob;
+  };
+
+  GrowableArray<const PtrType*> type_samples(samples_size, MemTag::mtOther);
+  for (auto& sample : PtrType::InstType::_samples) {
+    if (sample_hit()) {
+      type_samples.append(&sample);
+    }
+  }
+  for (auto& sample : PtrType::AryType::_1d_samples) {
+    if (sample_hit()) {
+      type_samples.append(&sample);
+    }
+  }
+  for (auto& sample : PtrType::AryType::_2d_samples) {
+    if (sample_hit()) {
+      type_samples.append(&sample);
+    }
+  }
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < type_samples.length(); i++) {
+    const PtrType* t1 = type_samples.at(i);
+    for (int j = i; j < type_samples.length(); j++) {
+      const PtrType* t2 = type_samples.at(j);
+      auto meet = TypeJavaPtrMeetHelper::javaptr_type_xmeet(t1, t2);
+      auto join = TypeJavaPtrJoinHelper::javaptr_type_xjoin(t1, t2);
+
+      // Commutativity
+      ASSERT_EQ(TypeJavaPtrMeetHelper::javaptr_type_xmeet(t2, t1), meet);
+      ASSERT_EQ(TypeJavaPtrJoinHelper::javaptr_type_xjoin(t2, t1), join);
+
+      // Verify that t1 and t2 must be subsets of meet
+      ASSERT_EQ(TypeJavaPtrMeetHelper::javaptr_type_xmeet(t1, meet), meet);
+      ASSERT_EQ(TypeJavaPtrMeetHelper::javaptr_type_xmeet(t2, meet), meet);
+      ASSERT_EQ(TypeJavaPtrJoinHelper::javaptr_type_xjoin(t1, meet), t1);
+      ASSERT_EQ(TypeJavaPtrJoinHelper::javaptr_type_xjoin(t2, meet), t2);
+
+      if (join->base() != Type::AnyPtr) {
+        const PtrType* typed_join;
+        if constexpr (PtrType::is_oopptr_type) {
+          typed_join = join->is_oopptr();
+        } else {
+          typed_join = join->is_klassptr();
+        }
+
+        // Verify that join must be a subset of both t1 and t2
+        ASSERT_EQ(TypeJavaPtrMeetHelper::javaptr_type_xmeet(t1, typed_join), t1);
+        ASSERT_EQ(TypeJavaPtrMeetHelper::javaptr_type_xmeet(t2, typed_join), t2);
+        ASSERT_EQ(TypeJavaPtrJoinHelper::javaptr_type_xjoin(t1, typed_join), typed_join);
+        ASSERT_EQ(TypeJavaPtrJoinHelper::javaptr_type_xjoin(t2, typed_join), typed_join);
+      }
+
+      // Element-wise verification
+      for (auto& elem : Ptr::_samples) {
+        bool in_t1 = elem.satisfies(t1);
+        bool in_t2 = elem.satisfies(t2);
+        bool in_meet = elem.satisfies(meet);
+        bool in_join = elem.satisfies(join);
+
+        ASSERT_TRUE((!in_t1 && !in_t2) || in_meet);
+        ASSERT_EQ(in_t1 && in_t2, in_join);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(opto, typejavaptr) {
+  test_meet_join<TypeOopPtrMirror, OopPtrMirror>();
+  test_meet_join<TypeKlassPtrMirror, KlassPtrMirror>();
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/types/TestMeetInstanceId.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/types/TestMeetInstanceId.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9c6fcd01e07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/types/TestMeetInstanceId.java
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+package compiler.types;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8370914
+ * @summary C2 incorrectly computes the instance id of a meet, leading to symmetry assert.
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:CompileThreshold=1 -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+StressIncrementalInlining -XX:TypeProfileLevel=200
+ *                   -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::test ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:CompileThreshold=1 -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+StressIncrementalInlining -XX:TypeProfileLevel=200 -XX:StressSeed=823469094
+ *                   -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::test ${test.main.class}
+ */
+public class TestMeetInstanceId {
+    static Object getString() {
+        return "42";
+    }
+
+    static Object profileObject(Object obj) {
+        return obj;
+    }
+
+    static Object test(boolean b) {
+        if (b) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return profileObject(getString());
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Object[] array = new Object[0];
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; i++) {
+            profileObject(array);
+        }
+
+        test(true);
+        test(true);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/types/TestSameArrayDifferentViews.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/types/TestSameArrayDifferentViews.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5de22def687
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/types/TestSameArrayDifferentViews.java
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+package compiler.types;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.Stable;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8370914
+ * @summary The same constant array can be assigned to different variables with different Stable
+ *          presence.
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/bootclasspath/othervm -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xcomp
+ *                                 -XX:CompileOnly=${test.main.class}::test ${test.main.class}
+ */
+public class TestSameArrayDifferentViews {
+
+    @Stable
+    private static final int[] STABLE_VIEW = new int[3];
+
+    private static final int[] NON_STABLE_VIEW = STABLE_VIEW;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            test(true);
+            test(false);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static int[] test(boolean b) {
+        return b ? STABLE_VIEW : NON_STABLE_VIEW;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableArrays.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableArrays.java
index 9f8242cdd9e..3c16a96ef1c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableArrays.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableArrays.java
@@ -979,7 +979,7 @@ public void test28_verifier() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR(failOn = {ALLOC_ARRAY_OF_MYVALUE_KLASS, LOOP, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
+    @IR(failOn = {LOOP, UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP, PREDICATE_TRAP})
     @IR(failOn = LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "false"})
     @IR(counts = {LOAD_OF_ANY_KLASS, "4"}, applyIf = {"InlineTypeReturnedAsFields", "true"})
     public MyValue2 test29(MyValue2[] src) {

From 19290619920c478590c11b1b21eb5909f74b5310 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 24 Aug 2026 06:49:03 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 675/707] 8390650: Unsafe access with constant zero offset
 triggers assert in EA

Reviewed-by: qamai, kvn
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp             |  5 +-
 .../TestUnsafeAccessWithZeroOffset.java       | 95 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 98 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/TestUnsafeAccessWithZeroOffset.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp
index 957b79caf1f..2564ce20b4d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp
@@ -169,10 +169,11 @@ bool ConnectionGraph::compute_escape() {
   java_objects_worklist.append(phantom_obj);
   for( uint next = 0; next < ideal_nodes.size(); ++next ) {
     Node* n = ideal_nodes.at(next);
-    if ((n->Opcode() == Op_LoadX || n->Opcode() == Op_StoreX) &&
+    if (n->is_Mem() &&
         !n->in(MemNode::Address)->is_AddP() &&
         _igvn->type(n->in(MemNode::Address))->isa_oopptr()) {
-      // Load/Store at mark work address is at offset 0 so has no AddP which confuses EA
+      // EA expects on-heap memory addresses to be represented by an AddP. An AddP with a zero
+      // offset can be optimized to its oop base, so recreate it.
       Node* addp = AddPNode::make_with_base(n->in(MemNode::Address), n->in(MemNode::Address), _igvn->MakeConX(0));
       _igvn->register_new_node_with_optimizer(addp);
       _igvn->replace_input_of(n, MemNode::Address, addp);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/TestUnsafeAccessWithZeroOffset.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/TestUnsafeAccessWithZeroOffset.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..627b465cee7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/TestUnsafeAccessWithZeroOffset.java
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8390650
+ * @summary Test unreachable unsafe accesses at offset zero.
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:CompileCommand=delayinline,${test.main.class}::getOffset
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test*
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+
+public class TestUnsafeAccessWithZeroOffset {
+    private static final Unsafe UNSAFE = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
+
+    static Object testPlain(Object obj, Object x, boolean b) {
+        Object unused = new Object(); // Trigger EA
+        long offset = getOffset();
+        if (b) {
+            // Never reached
+            Object result = UNSAFE.getReference(obj, 0L);
+            UNSAFE.putReference(obj, offset, x);
+            return result;
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    static Object testLoadStore(Object obj, Object expected, Object x, boolean b) {
+        Object unused = new Object(); // Trigger EA
+        if (b) {
+            // Never reached
+            return UNSAFE.compareAndExchangeReference(obj, 0L, expected, x);
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    static long getOffset() {
+        return 0L;
+    }
+
+    static Object testPlainDelayed(Object obj, Object x, boolean b) {
+        Object unused = new Object(); // Trigger EA
+        long offset = getOffset();
+        if (b) {
+            // Never reached
+            Object result = UNSAFE.getReference(obj, offset);
+            UNSAFE.putReference(obj, offset, x);
+            return result;
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    static Object testLoadStoreDelayed(Object obj, Object expected, Object x, boolean b) {
+        Object unused = new Object(); // Trigger EA
+        long offset = getOffset();
+        if (b) {
+            // Never reached
+            return UNSAFE.compareAndExchangeReference(obj, offset, expected, x);
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Object value = new Object();
+        testPlain(value, value, false);
+        testLoadStore(value, value, value, false);
+        testPlainDelayed(value, value, false);
+        testLoadStoreDelayed(value, value, value, false);
+    }
+}
+

From a7977b847e18675428eb07dc7df172bfbd7e1669 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 24 Aug 2026 06:49:31 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 676/707] 8357381: C2: assert(false) failed: should not be here

Co-authored-by: Saranya Natarajan <snatarajan@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: kvn, qamai
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp             | 44 +++++++-----
 src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.hpp             |  1 +
 .../TestReadOnlyStringIntrinsicDuringEA.java  | 71 +++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 99 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReadOnlyStringIntrinsicDuringEA.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp
index 2564ce20b4d..20c50a07444 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.cpp
@@ -4518,10 +4518,8 @@ void ConnectionGraph::move_inst_mem(Node* n, Unique_Node_List& orig_phis) {
       if (n != mmem->memory_at(general_idx) || alias_idx == general_idx) {
         continue; // Nothing to do
       }
-      // Replace previous general reference to mem node.
-      uint orig_uniq = C->unique();
-      Node* m = find_inst_mem(n, general_idx, orig_phis);
-      assert(orig_uniq == C->unique(), "no new nodes");
+      // Replace previous general reference to mem node and assert no new node is created.
+      Node* m = find_inst_mem_assert_no_new_node(n, general_idx, orig_phis);
       mmem->set_memory_at(general_idx, m);
       --imax;
       --i;
@@ -4538,15 +4536,26 @@ void ConnectionGraph::move_inst_mem(Node* n, Unique_Node_List& orig_phis) {
           alias_idx == general_idx) {
         continue; // Nothing to do
       }
-      // Move to general memory slice.
-      uint orig_uniq = C->unique();
-      Node* m = find_inst_mem(n, general_idx, orig_phis);
-      assert(orig_uniq == C->unique(), "no new nodes");
+      // Move to general memory slice and assert no new node is created.
+      Node* m = find_inst_mem_assert_no_new_node(n, general_idx, orig_phis);
       igvn->hash_delete(use);
       imax -= use->replace_edge(n, m, igvn);
       igvn->hash_insert(use);
       record_for_optimizer(use);
       --i;
+    } else if (use->is_memory_access_intrinsic()) {
+      if (alias_idx == general_idx) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      if (use->in(MemNode::Memory) == n) {
+        // Move to general memory slice and assert no new node is created.
+        Node* m = find_inst_mem_assert_no_new_node(n, general_idx, orig_phis);
+        igvn->hash_delete(use);
+        imax -= use->replace_edge(n, m, igvn);
+        igvn->hash_insert(use);
+        record_for_optimizer(use);
+        --i;
+      }
 #ifdef ASSERT
     } else if (use->is_Mem()) {
       // Memory nodes should have new memory input.
@@ -4790,6 +4799,13 @@ Node* ConnectionGraph::find_inst_mem(Node* orig_mem, int alias_idx, Unique_Node_
   return result;
 }
 
+Node* ConnectionGraph::find_inst_mem_assert_no_new_node(Node* orig_mem, int alias_idx, Unique_Node_List& orig_phis) {
+  uint orig_uniq = _compile->unique();
+  Node* result = find_inst_mem(orig_mem, alias_idx, orig_phis);
+  assert(orig_uniq == _compile->unique(), "no new nodes");
+  return result;
+}
+
 //
 //  Convert the types of non-escaped object to instance types where possible,
 //  propagate the new type information through the graph, and update memory
@@ -5194,12 +5210,8 @@ void ConnectionGraph::split_unique_types(GrowableArray<Node *>  &alloc_worklist,
           // They overwrite memory edge corresponding to destination array,
           memnode_worklist.push(use);
         } else if (!(op == Op_CmpP || op == Op_Conv2B ||
-              op == Op_CastP2X ||
-              op == Op_FastLock || op == Op_AryEq ||
-              op == Op_StrComp || op == Op_CountPositives ||
-              op == Op_StrCompressedCopy || op == Op_StrInflatedCopy ||
-              op == Op_StrEquals || op == Op_VectorizedHashCode ||
-              op == Op_StrIndexOf || op == Op_StrIndexOfChar ||
+              op == Op_CastP2X || op == Op_FastLock ||
+              use->is_memory_access_intrinsic() ||
               op == Op_SubTypeCheck || op == Op_InlineType || op == Op_FlatArrayCheck ||
               op == Op_ReinterpretS2HF ||
               op == Op_ReachabilityFence ||
@@ -5390,9 +5402,7 @@ void ConnectionGraph::split_unique_types(GrowableArray<Node *>  &alloc_worklist,
           // They overwrite memory edge corresponding to destination array,
           memnode_worklist.push(use);
         } else if (!(BarrierSet::barrier_set()->barrier_set_c2()->is_gc_barrier_node(use) ||
-              op == Op_AryEq || op == Op_StrComp || op == Op_CountPositives ||
-              op == Op_StrCompressedCopy || op == Op_StrInflatedCopy || op == Op_VectorizedHashCode ||
-              op == Op_StrEquals || op == Op_StrIndexOf || op == Op_StrIndexOfChar || op == Op_FlatArrayCheck)) {
+                     use->is_memory_access_intrinsic() || op == Op_FlatArrayCheck)) {
           n->dump();
           use->dump();
           assert(false, "EA: missing memory path");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.hpp
index 7303e20195e..44f2d6aaa69 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/escape.hpp
@@ -566,6 +566,7 @@ class ConnectionGraph: public ArenaObj {
   void  move_inst_mem(Node* n, Unique_Node_List& orig_phis);
   bool flat_access_aliases_with(Node* flat_access, const TypeOopPtr *toop);
   Node* find_inst_mem(Node* mem, int alias_idx, Unique_Node_List& orig_phi_worklist, uint rec_depth = 0);
+  Node* find_inst_mem_assert_no_new_node(Node* mem, int alias_idx, Unique_Node_List& orig_phi_worklist);
   Node* step_through_mergemem(MergeMemNode *mmem, int alias_idx, const TypeOopPtr *toop);
 
   Node_Array _node_map; // used for bookkeeping during type splitting
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReadOnlyStringIntrinsicDuringEA.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReadOnlyStringIntrinsicDuringEA.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d50a112cea7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/escapeAnalysis/TestReadOnlyStringIntrinsicDuringEA.java
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8357381
+ * @summary C2 compilation fails with C2: assert(false) failed: should not be here
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @run main ${test.main.class}
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-TieredCompilation -Xbatch
+ *                   -XX:CompileCommand=compileonly,${test.main.class}::test*
+ *                   ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.escapeAnalysis;
+
+public class TestReadOnlyStringIntrinsicDuringEA {
+    static int test1(String id, String nameKey) {
+        try {
+            java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream stream = new java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream();
+            java.math.BigInteger num = java.math.BigInteger.valueOf(123);
+            int length = num.toByteArray().length;
+            stream.write(num.toByteArray());
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+        if ("UTC".equals(id) && id.equals(nameKey)) {
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    static boolean test2(String b) {
+        String t1 = "";
+        var s1 = new StringBuffer();
+        var s2 = s1.append(String.valueOf(t1));
+        var s3 = s2.append(7);
+        var s4 = String.valueOf("AB");
+        var s5 = s4.equals(String.valueOf(b));
+        return s5;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] strArr) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10_000; i++) {
+            new StringBuffer().append(i);
+        }
+        for (int t = 0; t < 50_000; t++) {
+            test1("123456abc", "123456abc");
+            test2("X");
+        }
+    }
+}

From 235cc881ae9c5c2accaed97be2be50aaacb93aa9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tobias Hartmann <thartmann@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 24 Aug 2026 07:00:26 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 677/707] 8390459: [Valhalla]
 compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrays.java#id6 fails IR matching

Reviewed-by: qamai, shade, chagedorn
---
 .../compiler/lib/ir_framework/Scenario.java   | 11 +++
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypes.java     | 85 ++++++-------------
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrays.java      |  8 +-
 .../inlinetypes/TestArraysCopyOf.java         |  8 +-
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java  |  4 +-
 .../valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java      |  4 +-
 .../inlinetypes/TestNullableArrays.java       |  8 +-
 .../inlinetypes/TestNullableInlineTypes.java  |  4 +-
 .../inlinetypes/TestValueClasses.java         |  4 +-
 9 files changed, 59 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/Scenario.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/Scenario.java
index 4971b87a236..014a65efc79 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/Scenario.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/Scenario.java
@@ -104,6 +104,17 @@ public void addFlags(String... flags) {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Prepend additional VM flags to this scenario.
+     *
+     * @param flags the additional scenario VM flags.
+     */
+    public void prependFlags(String... flags) {
+        if (flags != null) {
+            this.flags.addAll(0, Arrays.asList(flags));
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * Get all scenario specific VM flags as defined in {@link #Scenario(int, String...)}.
      *
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypes.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypes.java
index 36575da2871..7a13e56d3bf 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypes.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/InlineTypes.java
@@ -34,30 +34,17 @@ public class InlineTypes {
 
     public static final Scenario[] DEFAULT_SCENARIOS = {
             new Scenario(0,
-                         "--enable-preview",
-                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                         "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
-                         "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions",
-                         "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
                          "-XX:-UseACmpProfile",
-                         "-XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline",
                          "-XX:FlatArrayElementMaxOops=5",
                          "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening",
                          "-XX:-UseArrayLoadStoreProfile",
                          "-XX:+UseFieldFlattening",
                          "-XX:+InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs",
-                         "-XX:+InlineTypeReturnedAsFields"
+                         "-XX:+InlineTypeReturnedAsFields",
+                         "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
+                         "-XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline"
             ),
             new Scenario(1,
-                         "--enable-preview",
-                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                         "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
-                         "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions",
-                         "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
                          "-XX:-UseACmpProfile",
                          "-XX:-UseCompressedOops",
                          "-XX:FlatArrayElementMaxOops=5",
@@ -68,13 +55,6 @@ public class InlineTypes {
                          "-XX:-InlineTypeReturnedAsFields"
             ),
             new Scenario(2,
-                         "--enable-preview",
-                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                         "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
-                         "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions",
-                         "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
                          "-XX:-UseACmpProfile",
                          "-XX:-UseCompressedOops",
                          "-XX:FlatArrayElementMaxOops=0",
@@ -85,29 +65,16 @@ public class InlineTypes {
                          "-XX:+InlineTypeReturnedAsFields"
             ),
             new Scenario(3,
-                         "--enable-preview",
-                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                         "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
-                         "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions",
-                         "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
                          "-DVerifyIR=false",
-                         "-XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline",
                          "-XX:FlatArrayElementMaxOops=0",
                          "-XX:-UseArrayFlattening",
                          "-XX:-UseFieldFlattening",
                          "-XX:+InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs",
-                         "-XX:+InlineTypeReturnedAsFields"
+                         "-XX:+InlineTypeReturnedAsFields",
+                         "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
+                         "-XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline"
             ),
             new Scenario(4,
-                         "--enable-preview",
-                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                         "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
-                         "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions",
-                         "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
                          "-DVerifyIR=false",
                          "-XX:FlatArrayElementMaxOops=-1",
                          "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening",
@@ -117,32 +84,18 @@ public class InlineTypes {
                          "-XX:-ReduceInitialCardMarks"
             ),
             new Scenario(5,
-                         "--enable-preview",
-                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                         "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
-                         "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions",
-                         "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
                          "-XX:-UseACmpProfile",
-                         "-XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline",
                          "-XX:FlatArrayElementMaxOops=5",
                          "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening",
                          "-XX:-UseArrayLoadStoreProfile",
                          "-XX:+UseFieldFlattening",
                          "-XX:-InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs",
-                         "-XX:-InlineTypeReturnedAsFields"
+                         "-XX:-InlineTypeReturnedAsFields",
+                         "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
+                         "-XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline"
             ),
             new Scenario(6,
-                         "--enable-preview",
-                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                         "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED",
-                         "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
-                         "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions",
-                         "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
                          "-XX:-UseACmpProfile",
-                         "-XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline",
                          "-XX:FlatArrayElementMaxOops=5",
                          "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening",
                          "-XX:-UseArrayLoadStoreProfile",
@@ -151,10 +104,28 @@ public class InlineTypes {
                          "-XX:+UseNullFreeAtomicValueFlattening",
                          "-XX:+UseNullFreeNonAtomicValueFlattening",
                          "-XX:+InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs",
-                         "-XX:+InlineTypeReturnedAsFields"
+                         "-XX:+InlineTypeReturnedAsFields",
+                         "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
+                         "-XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline"
             ),
     };
 
+    static {
+        // Add common flags
+        for (Scenario scenario : DEFAULT_SCENARIOS) {
+            scenario.prependFlags("--enable-preview",
+                                  "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.value=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                                  "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                                  "--add-exports", "java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED",
+                                  "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                                  "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions",
+                                  // Force inline the methods called by ValueClass::validateArrayArguments used by the array factories
+                                  "-XX:CompileCommand=inline,jdk.internal.value.ValueClass::isConcreteValueClass",
+                                  "-XX:CompileCommand=inline,java.lang.Class::isValue",
+                                  "-XX:CompileCommand=inline,java.lang.reflect.Modifier::isAbstract");
+        }
+    }
+
     public static TestFramework getFramework() {
         StackWalker walker = StackWalker.getInstance(StackWalker.Option.RETAIN_CLASS_REFERENCE);
         return new TestFramework(walker.getCallerClass()).setDefaultWarmup(251);
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrays.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrays.java
index 4966465665c..9d3a610e3a3 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrays.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArrays.java
@@ -145,10 +145,10 @@ public class TestArrays {
 
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         Scenario[] scenarios = InlineTypes.DEFAULT_SCENARIOS;
-        scenarios[2].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast", "-XX:+StressArrayCopyMacroNode");
-        scenarios[3].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast");
-        scenarios[4].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast");
-        scenarios[5].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast", "-XX:+StressArrayCopyMacroNode");
+        scenarios[2].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast", "-XX:+StressArrayCopyMacroNode");
+        scenarios[3].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening", "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast");
+        scenarios[4].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast");
+        scenarios[5].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast", "-XX:+StressArrayCopyMacroNode");
 
         InlineTypes.getFramework()
                    .addScenarios(scenarios[Integer.parseInt(args[0])])
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArraysCopyOf.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArraysCopyOf.java
index 7e0c3ad1493..134aba00aef 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArraysCopyOf.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestArraysCopyOf.java
@@ -120,10 +120,10 @@ public class TestArraysCopyOf {
 
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         Scenario[] scenarios = InlineTypes.DEFAULT_SCENARIOS;
-        scenarios[2].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast", "-XX:+StressArrayCopyMacroNode");
-        scenarios[3].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast");
-        scenarios[4].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast");
-        scenarios[5].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast", "-XX:+StressArrayCopyMacroNode");
+        scenarios[2].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast", "-XX:+StressArrayCopyMacroNode");
+        scenarios[3].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening", "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast");
+        scenarios[4].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast");
+        scenarios[5].addFlags("--enable-preview", "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast", "-XX:+StressArrayCopyMacroNode");
 
         String[] flagsForScenario = scenarios[Integer.parseInt(args[0])].getFlags().toArray(new String[0]);
         CompileFramework comp = new CompileFramework();
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java
index 23b42bad191..e455d7ee68c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestIntrinsics.java
@@ -155,8 +155,8 @@ public TestIntrinsics() {
     public static void main(String[] args) {
 
         Scenario[] scenarios = InlineTypes.DEFAULT_SCENARIOS;
-        scenarios[3].addFlags("-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening");
-        scenarios[4].addFlags("-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions", "-XX:PerMethodSpecTrapLimit=0", "-XX:PerMethodTrapLimit=0");
+        scenarios[3].addFlags("-XX:+UseArrayFlattening", "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck");
+        scenarios[4].addFlags("-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions", "-XX:PerMethodSpecTrapLimit=0", "-XX:PerMethodTrapLimit=0", "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck");
 
         InlineTypes.getFramework()
                    .addScenarios(scenarios[Integer.parseInt(args[0])])
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java
index 513ee0c2064..f4187db4898 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestLWorld.java
@@ -178,8 +178,8 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
         class2.getDeclaredFields();
 
         Scenario[] scenarios = InlineTypes.DEFAULT_SCENARIOS;
-        scenarios[3].addFlags("-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening");
-        scenarios[4].addFlags("-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck");
+        scenarios[3].addFlags("-XX:+UseArrayFlattening", "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck");
+        scenarios[4].addFlags("-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck");
 
         InlineTypes.getFramework()
                     // TODO 8337821: Temporarily increased MemLimit - remove again with JDK-8378328 once fixed.
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableArrays.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableArrays.java
index 3c16a96ef1c..db0eb31fe49 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableArrays.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableArrays.java
@@ -136,10 +136,10 @@ public class TestNullableArrays {
     public static void main(String[] args) {
 
         Scenario[] scenarios = InlineTypes.DEFAULT_SCENARIOS;
-        scenarios[2].addFlags("-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast", "-XX:+StressArrayCopyMacroNode");
-        scenarios[3].addFlags("-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast");
-        scenarios[4].addFlags("-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast");
-        scenarios[5].addFlags("-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast", "-XX:+StressArrayCopyMacroNode");
+        scenarios[2].addFlags("-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast", "-XX:+StressArrayCopyMacroNode");
+        scenarios[3].addFlags("-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast");
+        scenarios[4].addFlags("-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast");
+        scenarios[5].addFlags("-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:-UncommonNullCast", "-XX:+StressArrayCopyMacroNode");
 
         InlineTypes.getFramework()
                    .addScenarios(scenarios[Integer.parseInt(args[0])])
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableInlineTypes.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableInlineTypes.java
index 43446ec688d..0a641ba2961 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableInlineTypes.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestNullableInlineTypes.java
@@ -164,8 +164,8 @@ public TestNullableInlineTypes() {
     public static void main(String[] args) {
 
         Scenario[] scenarios = InlineTypes.DEFAULT_SCENARIOS;
-        scenarios[3].addFlags("-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening");
-        scenarios[4].addFlags("-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck");
+        scenarios[3].addFlags("-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening", "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck");
+        scenarios[4].addFlags("-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck");
 
         InlineTypes.getFramework()
                    .addScenarios(scenarios[Integer.parseInt(args[0])])
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueClasses.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueClasses.java
index ebf246cd7d6..94708276028 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueClasses.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestValueClasses.java
@@ -129,8 +129,8 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
         // Don't generate bytecodes but call through runtime for reflective calls
         scenarios[0].addFlags("-Dsun.reflect.inflationThreshold=10000");
         scenarios[1].addFlags("-Dsun.reflect.inflationThreshold=10000");
-        scenarios[3].addFlags("-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck", "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening");
-        scenarios[4].addFlags("-XX:-UseTLAB", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck");
+        scenarios[3].addFlags("-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions", "-XX:+UseArrayFlattening", "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck");
+        scenarios[4].addFlags("-XX:-UseTLAB", "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", "-XX:-MonomorphicArrayCheck");
 
         InlineTypes.getFramework()
                    .addScenarios(scenarios[Integer.parseInt(args[0])])

From ff9c82f202dde29224a7c3acb19a1646db6d7884 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Roland Westrelin <roland@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 24 Aug 2026 07:13:05 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 678/707] 8389390: [Valhalla]
 Compile::adjust_flat_array_access_aliases asserts due SCMemProj

Reviewed-by: thartmann, chagedorn
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp       |  15 +-
 .../CompareAndSetFlatArrayField.java          | 169 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayCASAssert.java   |  52 ++++++
 3 files changed, 232 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/CompareAndSetFlatArrayField.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayCASAssert.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
index f91077c9e17..bbe3d184c4d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/library_call.cpp
@@ -2976,10 +2976,17 @@ bool LibraryCallKit::inline_unsafe_load_store(const BasicType type, const LoadSt
 
   Compile::AliasType* alias_type = C->alias_type(adr_type);
   BasicType bt = alias_type->basic_type();
-  if (bt != T_ILLEGAL &&
-      (is_reference_type(bt) != (type == T_OBJECT))) {
-    // Don't intrinsify mismatched object accesses.
-    return false;
+  if (bt != T_ILLEGAL) {
+    if (adr_type->isa_aryptr() && adr_type->is_flat()) {
+      // mismatched access to a flat array element:
+      // type=T_OBJECT doesn't make sense (and breaks Compile::adjust_flat_array_access_aliases()).
+      // Some other type may need to be supported so this may need to be relaxed.
+      return false;
+    }
+    if (is_reference_type(bt) != (type == T_OBJECT)) {
+      // Don't intrinsify mismatched object accesses.
+      return false;
+    }
   }
 
   old_state.discard();
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/CompareAndSetFlatArrayField.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/CompareAndSetFlatArrayField.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..48ffe162638
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/CompareAndSetFlatArrayField.java
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8389390
+ * @summary [Valhalla] Compile::adjust_flat_array_access_aliases asserts due SCMemProj
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.value
+ *          java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @run main/othervm -XX:-BackgroundCompilation ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+import jdk.internal.value.ValueClass;
+
+public class CompareAndSetFlatArrayField {
+    static public value class MyValue1 {
+        Object field;
+        MyValue1(Object v) {
+            field = v;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static public value class MyValue2 {
+        int field;
+        MyValue2(int v) {
+            field = v;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final Unsafe U = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
+
+    private static final MyValue1[] array1;
+    private static final long ARRAY1_BASE_OFFSET;
+    private static final int ARRAY1_INDEX_SCALE;
+    private static final boolean ARRAY1_FLATTENED;
+    private static final int ARRAY_LAYOUT1;
+    private static final long VALUE1_HEADER_SIZE;
+    private static final long VALUE1_FIELD_OFFSET;
+
+    private static final MyValue2[] array2;
+    private static final long ARRAY2_BASE_OFFSET;
+    private static final int ARRAY2_INDEX_SCALE;
+    private static final boolean ARRAY2_FLATTENED;
+    private static final int ARRAY2_LAYOUT;
+    private static final long VALUE2_HEADER_SIZE;
+    private static final long FIELD_OFFSET2;
+
+    private MyValue1 field1;
+    private static final boolean FLAT_FIELD1;
+    private static final long FIELD1_OFFSET;
+    private static final int FIELD1_LAYOUT;
+
+    private MyValue2 field2;
+    private static final boolean FLAT_FIELD2;
+    private static final long FIELD2_OFFSET;
+    private static final int FIELD2_LAYOUT;
+
+    private static Object o1 = new Object();
+    private static Object o2 = new Object();
+
+    private static CompareAndSetFlatArrayField testObject = new CompareAndSetFlatArrayField();
+
+    static {
+        try {
+            array1 = (MyValue1[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue1.class, 1, new MyValue1(o1));
+            ARRAY1_BASE_OFFSET = U.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array1);
+            ARRAY1_INDEX_SCALE = U.arrayInstanceIndexScale(array1);
+            ARRAY1_FLATTENED = ValueClass.isFlatArray(array1);
+            ARRAY_LAYOUT1 = U.arrayLayout(array1);
+            VALUE1_HEADER_SIZE = U.valueHeaderSize(MyValue1.class);
+            Field f = MyValue1.class.getDeclaredField("field");
+            VALUE1_FIELD_OFFSET = U.objectFieldOffset(f);
+
+            array2 = (MyValue2[])ValueClass.newNullRestrictedNonAtomicArray(MyValue2.class, 1, new MyValue2(42));
+            ARRAY2_BASE_OFFSET = U.arrayInstanceBaseOffset(array2);
+            ARRAY2_INDEX_SCALE = U.arrayInstanceIndexScale(array2);
+            ARRAY2_FLATTENED = ValueClass.isFlatArray(array2);
+            ARRAY2_LAYOUT = U.arrayLayout(array2);
+            VALUE2_HEADER_SIZE = U.valueHeaderSize(MyValue2.class);
+            f = MyValue2.class.getDeclaredField("field");
+            FIELD_OFFSET2 = U.objectFieldOffset(f);
+
+            f = CompareAndSetFlatArrayField.class.getDeclaredField("field1");
+            FIELD1_OFFSET = U.objectFieldOffset(f);
+            FLAT_FIELD1 = U.isFlatField(f);
+            FIELD1_LAYOUT = U.fieldLayout(f);
+
+            f = CompareAndSetFlatArrayField.class.getDeclaredField("field2");
+            FIELD2_OFFSET = U.objectFieldOffset(f);
+            FLAT_FIELD2 = U.isFlatField(f);
+            FIELD2_LAYOUT = U.fieldLayout(f);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static public boolean test1(Object oldVal, Object newVal) {
+        array1[0] = new MyValue1(oldVal);
+        return U.compareAndSetReference(array1, ARRAY1_BASE_OFFSET, oldVal, newVal);
+    }
+
+    static public boolean test2(int oldVal, int newVal) {
+        array2[0] = new MyValue2(oldVal);
+        return U.compareAndSetFlatValue(array2, ARRAY2_BASE_OFFSET, ARRAY2_LAYOUT, MyValue2.class, new MyValue2(oldVal), new MyValue2(newVal));
+    }
+
+    static public boolean test3(Object oldVal, Object newVal) {
+        testObject.field1 = new MyValue1(oldVal);
+        return U.compareAndSetReference(testObject, FIELD1_OFFSET, oldVal, newVal);
+    }
+
+    static public boolean test4(int oldVal, int newVal) {
+        testObject.field2 = new MyValue2(oldVal);
+        return U.compareAndSetFlatValue(testObject, FIELD2_OFFSET, FIELD2_LAYOUT, MyValue2.class, new MyValue2(oldVal), new MyValue2(newVal));
+    }
+
+    static public void main(String args[]) {
+        if (!ARRAY1_FLATTENED || !ARRAY2_FLATTENED || !FLAT_FIELD1 || !FLAT_FIELD2) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if (VALUE1_FIELD_OFFSET != VALUE1_HEADER_SIZE) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("fix test: test assumes MyValue1[0].f is at offset 0 in MyValue1[0]");
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; i++) {
+            boolean res = test1(o1, o2);
+            if (!res) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("CAS failed");
+            }
+            res = test2(42, 0x42);
+            if (!res) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("CAS failed");
+            }
+            res = test3(o1, o2);
+            if (!res) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("CAS failed");
+            }
+            res = test4(42, 0x42);
+            if (!res) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("CAS failed");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayCASAssert.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayCASAssert.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..20e4a6facb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/valhalla/inlinetypes/TestFlatArrayCASAssert.java
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.VarHandle;
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8389390
+ * @summary [Valhalla] Compile::adjust_flat_array_access_aliases asserts due SCMemProj
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run main/othervm -Xbatch -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -XX:+AlwaysIncrementalInline ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+public class TestFlatArrayCASAssert {
+    static value class V { }
+
+    static final VarHandle VH = MethodHandles.arrayElementVarHandle(V[].class);
+
+    static void test() {
+        VH.getAndSet(new V[1], 0, null);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 30_000; i++) {
+            if ((i & 255) == 0) {
+                test();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

From 781c83c6e7d5e5954f4d7b79ee307a3fcfab321b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Roman Marchenko <rmarchenko@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 24 Aug 2026 07:31:41 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 679/707] 8390654: Test gc/TestUseGCOverheadLimit.java#G1 fails
 on linux-arm32

Reviewed-by: tschatzl, shade
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestUseGCOverheadLimit.java | 12 +++++++++---
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestUseGCOverheadLimit.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestUseGCOverheadLimit.java
index dcc501c7710..ba253f3e8fc 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestUseGCOverheadLimit.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/TestUseGCOverheadLimit.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
+import jdk.test.lib.Platform;
 import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
 import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
 
@@ -62,8 +63,11 @@ public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
 
     String[] selectedArgs = args[0].equals("G1") ? g1Args : parallelArgs;
 
+    final String[] vm64bitArgs = {
+      "-XX:-UseCompactObjectHeaders"  // Object sizes are calculated such that the heap is tight.
+    };
+
     final String[] commonArgs = {
-      "-XX:-UseCompactObjectHeaders", // Object sizes are calculated such that the heap is tight.
       "-XX:ParallelGCThreads=1",      // Make GCs take longer.
       "-XX:+UseGCOverheadLimit",
       "-Xlog:gc=debug",
@@ -72,7 +76,9 @@ public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
       Allocating.class.getName()
     };
 
-    String[] vmArgs = Stream.concat(Arrays.stream(selectedArgs), Arrays.stream(commonArgs)).toArray(String[]::new);
+    String[] vmArgs = Stream.of(selectedArgs, Platform.is64bit() ? vm64bitArgs : new String[0], commonArgs)
+        .flatMap(Arrays::stream)
+        .toArray(String[]::new);
     OutputAnalyzer output = ProcessTools.executeLimitedTestJava(vmArgs);
     output.shouldNotHaveExitValue(0);
 

From 4f0898a37a2b6ea82cff6e726f4d1eb32588951b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Autiero <alautiero@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 24 Aug 2026 08:16:13 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 680/707] 8373613: PEXT/PDEP intrinsics cause performance
 regression on AMD pre-Zen 3 CPUs

Reviewed-by: jkarthikeyan, dlong, jbhateja
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp        | 49 +++++++++++++++++++
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.hpp        |  5 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad                    |  2 +-
 .../c2/gvn/TestBitCompressValueTransform.java | 36 +++++++-------
 .../intrinsics/TestBitShuffleOpers.java       |  4 +-
 .../test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java        |  1 +
 .../jdk/test/whitebox/CPUInfoTest.java        |  4 +-
 7 files changed, 77 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
index cfe0f91f0ac..bc882f39586 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
@@ -1154,6 +1154,10 @@ void VM_Version::get_processor_features() {
            cpu_family(), _model, _stepping, os::cpu_microcode_revision());
   ss.print(", ");
   int features_offset = (int)ss.size();
+  if (compute_fast_bmi2()) {
+    _features.set_feature(CPU_FAST_BMI2);
+  }
+
   insert_features_names(_features, ss);
 
   _cpu_info_string = ss.as_string(true);
@@ -2007,6 +2011,51 @@ bool VM_Version::compute_has_intel_jcc_erratum() {
   }
 }
 
+// The BMI2 instruction set includes PEXT (parallel bits extract) and PDEP
+// (parallel bits deposit), which are used to intrinsify Integer/Long.compress
+// and Integer/Long.expand (added in JDK 19, see https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8283893).
+//
+// While all BMI2-capable CPUs can execute these instructions, PEXT and PDEP
+// are unique in that some vendors implement them via microcode rather than
+// native ALU hardware. The microcoded versions are significantly slower (high latency/low throughput)
+// than the manual bitwise fallback used in the Java implementation.
+// Conversely, all other BMI2 instructions (BZHI, MULX, RORX, SARX, SHRX, SHLX)
+// execute efficiently on every BMI2-capable CPU and are unaffected by this check.
+//
+// The logic in this method is based on official optimization guides from hardware vendors,
+// to guarantee that microcode implementations of PEXT/PDEP are not used.
+bool VM_Version::compute_fast_bmi2() {
+  if (!supports_bmi2()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (is_intel()) {
+    // All Intel CPUs with BMI2 (Haswell+) implement PEXT/PDEP natively.
+    // 3-cycle latency, 1-per-cycle throughput on a dedicated ALU port.
+    // Source: Intel Intrinsics Guide, https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/docs/intrinsics-guide/index.html
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  if (is_amd()) {
+    // AMD added BMI2 in Excavator (Family 0x15, model 0x60+) but used
+    // microcode for PEXT/PDEP through all of Zen 2 (Family 0x17).
+    // Native ALU hardware support arrived with Zen 3 (Family 0x19).
+    // Source: AMD Software Optimization Guide (doc #56665), Section 2.10.2, https://developer.amd.com/resources/developer-guides-manuals/
+    uint32_t family = extended_cpu_family();
+    return family >= CPU_FAMILY_AMD_19H;
+  }
+
+  // Zhaoxin added BMI2 support in Lujiazui (KX-6000+).
+  // Based on community benchmarks(https://uops.info/html-instr/PDEP_R64_R64_R64.html),
+  // PEXT/PDEP performance is known to be similarly poor to pre-Zen3 AMD, suggesting a microcode implementation.
+  // This cannot be confirmed as Zhaoxin publishes no public optimization guide.
+
+  // On VIA/Centaur CNS, BMI2 is implemented in hardware with PDEP/PEXT executing at two per cycle (better than Haswell).
+  // Intel acquired Centaur in 2021, and CNS never reached production, so we don't check for it.
+
+  return false;
+}
+
 // On Xen, the cpuid instruction returns
 //  eax / registers[0]: Version of Xen
 //  ebx / registers[1]: chars 'XenV'
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.hpp
index d268665d091..459180b2fe6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.hpp
@@ -439,7 +439,8 @@ class VM_Version : public Abstract_VM_Version {
     decl(AVX512_FP16,       avx512_fp16       ) /* AVX512 FP16 ISA support*/ \
     decl(AVX10_1,           avx10_1           ) /* AVX10 512 bit vector ISA Version 1 support*/ \
     decl(AVX10_2,           avx10_2           ) /* AVX10 512 bit vector ISA Version 2 support*/ \
-    decl(HYBRID,            hybrid            ) /* Hybrid architecture */
+    decl(HYBRID,            hybrid            ) /* Hybrid architecture */ \
+    decl(FAST_BMI2,         fast_bmi2         ) /* Native Hardware support for PEXT/PDEP BMI2 instructions */
 
 #define DECLARE_CPU_FEATURE_FLAG(id, name) CPU_##id,
     CPU_FEATURE_FLAGS(DECLARE_CPU_FEATURE_FLAG)
@@ -725,6 +726,7 @@ class VM_Version : public Abstract_VM_Version {
   }
 
   static bool compute_has_intel_jcc_erratum();
+  static bool compute_fast_bmi2();
 
   static bool os_supports_avx_vectors();
   static bool os_supports_apx_egprs();
@@ -912,6 +914,7 @@ class VM_Version : public Abstract_VM_Version {
   static bool supports_hv()           { return _features.supports_feature(CPU_HV); }
   static bool supports_serialize()    { return _features.supports_feature(CPU_SERIALIZE); }
   static bool supports_hybrid()       { return _features.supports_feature(CPU_HYBRID); }
+  static bool supports_fast_bmi2()    { return _features.supports_feature(CPU_FAST_BMI2); }
   static bool supports_f16c()         { return _features.supports_feature(CPU_F16C); }
   static bool supports_pku()          { return _features.supports_feature(CPU_PKU); }
   static bool supports_ospke()        { return _features.supports_feature(CPU_OSPKE); }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
index 217edb03f12..e88013a5093 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/x86.ad
@@ -3220,7 +3220,7 @@ bool Matcher::match_rule_supported(int opcode) {
       break;
     case Op_CompressBits:
     case Op_ExpandBits:
-      if (!VM_Version::supports_bmi2()) {
+      if (!VM_Version::supports_fast_bmi2()) {
         return false;
       }
       break;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/gvn/TestBitCompressValueTransform.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/gvn/TestBitCompressValueTransform.java
index 01fe54218fe..fd2b1cdd6af 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/gvn/TestBitCompressValueTransform.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/c2/gvn/TestBitCompressValueTransform.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ public class TestBitCompressValueTransform {
     public final long BOUND2_HI_L = GEN_L.next();
 
     @Test
-    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "bmi2", "true" })
+    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "fast_bmi2", "true" })
     public long test1(long value) {
         return Long.compress(0x8000_0000_0000_0000L, value);
     }
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public void run1() {
 
 
     @Test
-    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "bmi2", "true" })
+    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "fast_bmi2", "true" })
     public int test2(int value) {
         return Integer.compress(0x8000_0000, value);
     }
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ public void run2() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " 0 "} , failOn = { IRNode.UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "bmi2", "true" })
+    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " 0 "} , failOn = { IRNode.UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "fast_bmi2", "true" })
     public int test3(int value) {
         int filter_bits = value & 0xF;
         int compress_bits = Integer.compress(15, filter_bits);
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ public void run3() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " 0 "} , failOn = { IRNode.UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "bmi2", "true" })
+    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " 0 "} , failOn = { IRNode.UNSTABLE_IF_TRAP }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "fast_bmi2", "true" })
     public long test4(long value) {
         long filter_bits = value & 0xFL;
         long compress_bits = Long.compress(15L, filter_bits);
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ public void run4() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "bmi2", "true" })
+    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "fast_bmi2", "true" })
     public long test5(long value) {
         // Since value range includes -1 hence with mask
         // and value as -1 all the result bits will be set.
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ public void run5() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "bmi2", "true" })
+    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "fast_bmi2", "true" })
     public long test6(long value) {
         // For mask within a strictly -ve value range less than -1,
         // result of compression will always be a +ve value.
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ public void run6() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "bmi2", "true" })
+    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "fast_bmi2", "true" })
     public long test7(long value) {
         // For mask within a strictly +ve value range,
         // result of compression will always be a +ve value with
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ public void run7() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "bmi2", "true" })
+    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "fast_bmi2", "true" })
     public int test8(int value) {
         // Since value range includes -1 hence with mask
         // and value as -1 all the result bits will be set.
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ public void run8() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "bmi2", "true" })
+    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "fast_bmi2", "true" })
     public int test9(int value) {
         // For mask within a strictly -ve value range less than -1,
         // result of compression will always be a +ve value.
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ public void run9() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "bmi2", "true" })
+    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "fast_bmi2", "true" })
     public int test10(int value) {
         // For mask within a strictly +ve value range,
         // result of compression will always be a +ve value with
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ public void run14() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2" , "true"})
+    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = {"fast_bmi2" , "true"})
     public int test15(int src, int mask) {
         // src_type = [min_int + 1, -1]
         src = Math.max(Integer.MIN_VALUE + 1, Math.min(src, -1));
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ public int test16_interpreted(int src, int mask) {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2" , "true"})
+    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = {"fast_bmi2" , "true"})
     public int test16(int src, int mask) {
         src = Math.max(BOUND1_LO_I, Math.min(src, BOUND1_HI_I));
         mask = Math.max(BOUND2_LO_I, Math.min(mask, BOUND2_HI_I));
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ public int test17_interpreted(int src, int mask) {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR (counts = { IRNode.EXPAND_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2" , "true"})
+    @IR (counts = { IRNode.EXPAND_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = {"fast_bmi2" , "true"})
     public int test17(int src, int mask) {
         src = Math.max(BOUND1_LO_I, Math.min(src, BOUND1_HI_I));
         mask = Math.max(BOUND2_LO_I, Math.min(mask, BOUND2_HI_I));
@@ -535,7 +535,7 @@ public long test18_interpreted(long src, long mask) {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2" , "true"})
+    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = {"fast_bmi2" , "true"})
     public long test18(long src, long mask) {
         src = Math.max(BOUND1_LO_L, Math.min(src, BOUND1_HI_L));
         mask = Math.max(BOUND2_LO_L, Math.min(mask, BOUND2_HI_L));
@@ -621,7 +621,7 @@ public long test19_interpreted(long src, long mask) {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR (counts = { IRNode.EXPAND_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = {"bmi2" , "true"})
+    @IR (counts = { IRNode.EXPAND_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = {"fast_bmi2" , "true"})
     public long test19(long src, long mask) {
         src = Math.max(BOUND1_LO_L, Math.min(src, BOUND1_HI_L));
         mask = Math.max(BOUND2_LO_L, Math.min(mask, BOUND2_HI_L));
@@ -674,7 +674,7 @@ public void run19() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "bmi2", "true" })
+    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "fast_bmi2", "true" })
     public static long test20(int x) {
         // Analysis of when this is used to produce wrong results on Windows:
         //
@@ -723,7 +723,7 @@ public void run20() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "bmi2", "true" })
+    @IR (counts = { IRNode.COMPRESS_BITS, " >0 " }, applyIfCPUFeature = { "fast_bmi2", "true" })
     public static long test21(long x) {
         // Analysis of when this is used to produce wrong results on Windows:
         //
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/TestBitShuffleOpers.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/TestBitShuffleOpers.java
index d2d707d6efb..4c70014dba3 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/TestBitShuffleOpers.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/intrinsics/TestBitShuffleOpers.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2022, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
  * @summary To test various transforms added for bit COMPRESS_BITS and EXPAND_BITS operations
  * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
  * @requires (((os.arch=="x86" | os.arch=="amd64" | os.arch=="x86_64") &
- *            (vm.cpu.features ~= ".*bmi2.*" & vm.cpu.features ~= ".*bmi1.*" &
+ *            (vm.cpu.features ~= ".*fast_bmi2.*" & vm.cpu.features ~= ".*bmi1.*" &
  *             vm.cpu.features ~= ".*sse2.*")) |
  *            (os.arch=="aarch64" & vm.cpu.features ~= ".*svebitperm.*"))
  * @library /test/lib /
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java
index 9f1687e8cfd..ed3488303a2 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java
@@ -110,6 +110,7 @@ public class ApplicableIRRulesPrinter {
         "avx512_vbmi2",
         "avx10_2",
         "bmi2",
+        "fast_bmi2",
         // Intel APX
         "apx_f",
         // AArch64
diff --git a/test/lib-test/jdk/test/whitebox/CPUInfoTest.java b/test/lib-test/jdk/test/whitebox/CPUInfoTest.java
index 809953a1263..3541d64aaf5 100644
--- a/test/lib-test/jdk/test/whitebox/CPUInfoTest.java
+++ b/test/lib-test/jdk/test/whitebox/CPUInfoTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ public class CPUInfoTest {
                     "f16c",         "pku",              "ospke",             "cet_ibt",
                     "cet_ss",       "avx512_ifma",      "serialize",         "avx_ifma",
                     "apx_f",        "avx10_1",          "avx10_2",           "avx512_fp16",
-                    "sha512",       "hybrid"
+                    "sha512",       "hybrid",           "fast_bmi2"
                     );
             // @formatter:on
             // Checkstyle: resume

From f7a46b725a86e2570f074fc5af4f9937dad4ce37 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gui Cao <gcao@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 24 Aug 2026 09:29:16 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 681/707] 8387969: RISC-V: Optimize zero-result integer cmoves
 with Zicond

Co-authored-by: Dingli Zhang <dzhang@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: dzhang, fyang, kwei
---
 .../cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp     | 82 ++++++++++---------
 .../cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp        | 73 ++++++++++-------
 .../cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.hpp        |  3 +
 3 files changed, 87 insertions(+), 71 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
index b4277f729ae..c0504ba23da 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/c2_MacroAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -2021,47 +2021,49 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::enc_cmpEqNe_imm0_branch(int cmpFlag, Register op1, Label
 }
 
 void C2_MacroAssembler::enc_cmove(int cmpFlag, Register op1, Register op2, Register dst, Register src) {
-  bool is_unsigned = (cmpFlag & unsigned_branch_mask) == unsigned_branch_mask;
-  int op_select = cmpFlag & (~unsigned_branch_mask);
+  if (dst != src) {
+    bool is_unsigned = (cmpFlag & unsigned_branch_mask) == unsigned_branch_mask;
+    int op_select = cmpFlag & (~unsigned_branch_mask);
 
-  switch (op_select) {
-    case BoolTest::eq:
-      cmov_eq(op1, op2, dst, src);
-      break;
-    case BoolTest::ne:
-      cmov_ne(op1, op2, dst, src);
-      break;
-    case BoolTest::le:
-      if (is_unsigned) {
-        cmov_leu(op1, op2, dst, src);
-      } else {
-        cmov_le(op1, op2, dst, src);
-      }
-      break;
-    case BoolTest::ge:
-      if (is_unsigned) {
-        cmov_geu(op1, op2, dst, src);
-      } else {
-        cmov_ge(op1, op2, dst, src);
-      }
-      break;
-    case BoolTest::lt:
-      if (is_unsigned) {
-        cmov_ltu(op1, op2, dst, src);
-      } else {
-        cmov_lt(op1, op2, dst, src);
-      }
-      break;
-    case BoolTest::gt:
-      if (is_unsigned) {
-        cmov_gtu(op1, op2, dst, src);
-      } else {
-        cmov_gt(op1, op2, dst, src);
-      }
-      break;
-    default:
-      assert(false, "unsupported compare condition");
-      ShouldNotReachHere();
+    switch (op_select) {
+      case BoolTest::eq:
+        cmov_eq(op1, op2, dst, src);
+        break;
+      case BoolTest::ne:
+        cmov_ne(op1, op2, dst, src);
+        break;
+      case BoolTest::le:
+        if (is_unsigned) {
+          cmov_leu(op1, op2, dst, src);
+        } else {
+          cmov_le(op1, op2, dst, src);
+        }
+        break;
+      case BoolTest::ge:
+        if (is_unsigned) {
+          cmov_geu(op1, op2, dst, src);
+        } else {
+          cmov_ge(op1, op2, dst, src);
+        }
+        break;
+      case BoolTest::lt:
+        if (is_unsigned) {
+          cmov_ltu(op1, op2, dst, src);
+        } else {
+          cmov_lt(op1, op2, dst, src);
+        }
+        break;
+      case BoolTest::gt:
+        if (is_unsigned) {
+          cmov_gtu(op1, op2, dst, src);
+        } else {
+          cmov_gt(op1, op2, dst, src);
+        }
+        break;
+      default:
+        assert(false, "unsupported compare condition");
+        ShouldNotReachHere();
+    }
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
index b245f2650eb..8be305f2743 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -1266,13 +1266,33 @@ void MacroAssembler::wrap_label(Register r1, Register r2, Label &L,
 
 #undef INSN
 
-// cmov
+// cmov_zicond_eqz: dst = (cond == 0) ? src : dst
+void MacroAssembler::cmov_zicond_eqz(Register dst, Register src, Register cond, Register tmp) {
+  assert(UseZicond, "UseZicond must be enabled");
+  assert_different_registers(dst, src, cond);
+  czero_eqz(dst, dst, cond);
+  if (src != zr) {
+    czero_nez(tmp, src, cond);
+    add(dst, dst, tmp);
+  }
+}
+
+// cmov_zicond_nez: dst = (cond != 0) ? src : dst
+void MacroAssembler::cmov_zicond_nez(Register dst, Register src, Register cond, Register tmp) {
+  assert(UseZicond, "UseZicond must be enabled");
+  assert_different_registers(dst, src, cond);
+  czero_nez(dst, dst, cond);
+  if (src != zr) {
+    czero_eqz(tmp, src, cond);
+    add(dst, dst, tmp);
+  }
+}
+
 void MacroAssembler::cmov_eq(Register cmp1, Register cmp2, Register dst, Register src) {
+  assert_different_registers(dst, src);
   if (UseZicond) {
     xorr(t0, cmp1, cmp2);
-    czero_eqz(dst, dst, t0);
-    czero_nez(t0 , src, t0);
-    orr(dst, dst, t0);
+    cmov_zicond_eqz(dst, src, t0, t0);
     return;
   }
   Label no_set;
@@ -1282,11 +1302,10 @@ void MacroAssembler::cmov_eq(Register cmp1, Register cmp2, Register dst, Registe
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::cmov_ne(Register cmp1, Register cmp2, Register dst, Register src) {
+  assert_different_registers(dst, src);
   if (UseZicond) {
     xorr(t0, cmp1, cmp2);
-    czero_nez(dst, dst, t0);
-    czero_eqz(t0 , src, t0);
-    orr(dst, dst, t0);
+    cmov_zicond_nez(dst, src, t0, t0);
     return;
   }
   Label no_set;
@@ -1296,11 +1315,10 @@ void MacroAssembler::cmov_ne(Register cmp1, Register cmp2, Register dst, Registe
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::cmov_le(Register cmp1, Register cmp2, Register dst, Register src) {
+  assert_different_registers(dst, src);
   if (UseZicond) {
     slt(t0, cmp2, cmp1);
-    czero_eqz(dst, dst, t0);
-    czero_nez(t0,  src, t0);
-    orr(dst, dst, t0);
+    cmov_zicond_eqz(dst, src, t0, t0);
     return;
   }
   Label no_set;
@@ -1310,11 +1328,10 @@ void MacroAssembler::cmov_le(Register cmp1, Register cmp2, Register dst, Registe
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::cmov_leu(Register cmp1, Register cmp2, Register dst, Register src) {
+  assert_different_registers(dst, src);
   if (UseZicond) {
     sltu(t0, cmp2, cmp1);
-    czero_eqz(dst, dst, t0);
-    czero_nez(t0,  src, t0);
-    orr(dst, dst, t0);
+    cmov_zicond_eqz(dst, src, t0, t0);
     return;
   }
   Label no_set;
@@ -1324,11 +1341,10 @@ void MacroAssembler::cmov_leu(Register cmp1, Register cmp2, Register dst, Regist
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::cmov_ge(Register cmp1, Register cmp2, Register dst, Register src) {
+  assert_different_registers(dst, src);
   if (UseZicond) {
     slt(t0, cmp1, cmp2);
-    czero_eqz(dst, dst, t0);
-    czero_nez(t0,  src, t0);
-    orr(dst, dst, t0);
+    cmov_zicond_eqz(dst, src, t0, t0);
     return;
   }
   Label no_set;
@@ -1338,11 +1354,10 @@ void MacroAssembler::cmov_ge(Register cmp1, Register cmp2, Register dst, Registe
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::cmov_geu(Register cmp1, Register cmp2, Register dst, Register src) {
+  assert_different_registers(dst, src);
   if (UseZicond) {
     sltu(t0, cmp1, cmp2);
-    czero_eqz(dst, dst, t0);
-    czero_nez(t0,  src, t0);
-    orr(dst, dst, t0);
+    cmov_zicond_eqz(dst, src, t0, t0);
     return;
   }
   Label no_set;
@@ -1352,11 +1367,10 @@ void MacroAssembler::cmov_geu(Register cmp1, Register cmp2, Register dst, Regist
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::cmov_lt(Register cmp1, Register cmp2, Register dst, Register src) {
+  assert_different_registers(dst, src);
   if (UseZicond) {
     slt(t0, cmp1, cmp2);
-    czero_nez(dst, dst, t0);
-    czero_eqz(t0,  src, t0);
-    orr(dst, dst, t0);
+    cmov_zicond_nez(dst, src, t0, t0);
     return;
   }
   Label no_set;
@@ -1366,11 +1380,10 @@ void MacroAssembler::cmov_lt(Register cmp1, Register cmp2, Register dst, Registe
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::cmov_ltu(Register cmp1, Register cmp2, Register dst, Register src) {
+  assert_different_registers(dst, src);
   if (UseZicond) {
     sltu(t0, cmp1, cmp2);
-    czero_nez(dst, dst, t0);
-    czero_eqz(t0,  src, t0);
-    orr(dst, dst, t0);
+    cmov_zicond_nez(dst, src, t0, t0);
     return;
   }
   Label no_set;
@@ -1380,11 +1393,10 @@ void MacroAssembler::cmov_ltu(Register cmp1, Register cmp2, Register dst, Regist
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::cmov_gt(Register cmp1, Register cmp2, Register dst, Register src) {
+  assert_different_registers(dst, src);
   if (UseZicond) {
     slt(t0, cmp2, cmp1);
-    czero_nez(dst, dst, t0);
-    czero_eqz(t0,  src, t0);
-    orr(dst, dst, t0);
+    cmov_zicond_nez(dst, src, t0, t0);
     return;
   }
   Label no_set;
@@ -1394,11 +1406,10 @@ void MacroAssembler::cmov_gt(Register cmp1, Register cmp2, Register dst, Registe
 }
 
 void MacroAssembler::cmov_gtu(Register cmp1, Register cmp2, Register dst, Register src) {
+  assert_different_registers(dst, src);
   if (UseZicond) {
     sltu(t0, cmp2, cmp1);
-    czero_nez(dst, dst, t0);
-    czero_eqz(t0,  src, t0);
-    orr(dst, dst, t0);
+    cmov_zicond_nez(dst, src, t0, t0);
     return;
   }
   Label no_set;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.hpp
index dffb85455f0..9af9fad06d0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.hpp
@@ -685,6 +685,9 @@ class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
   void bltz(Register Rs, const address dest);
   void bgtz(Register Rs, const address dest);
 
+  void cmov_zicond_eqz(Register dst, Register src, Register cond, Register tmp = t0);
+  void cmov_zicond_nez(Register dst, Register src, Register cond, Register tmp = t0);
+
   void cmov_eq(Register cmp1, Register cmp2, Register dst, Register src);
   void cmov_ne(Register cmp1, Register cmp2, Register dst, Register src);
   void cmov_le(Register cmp1, Register cmp2, Register dst, Register src);

From 661b121b9513b205ace47b9ecfc8d16a32c731f4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Lee Jiwon <dlwldnjs1009@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 24 Aug 2026 09:50:45 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 682/707] 8308183: Add a small ServerSocket based test to
 verify the fix

Reviewed-by: dfuchs
---
 .../Http1RequestEmptyBufferTest.java          | 129 ++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 129 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/Http1RequestEmptyBufferTest.java

diff --git a/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/Http1RequestEmptyBufferTest.java b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/Http1RequestEmptyBufferTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..abffd8a7d2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/net/httpclient/Http1RequestEmptyBufferTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import jdk.test.lib.Utils;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
+import java.net.ServerSocket;
+import java.net.Socket;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.net.http.HttpClient;
+import java.net.http.HttpRequest;
+import java.net.http.HttpResponse;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8308024
+ * @summary Verify that the server observes the terminal chunk exactly once
+ *          when the HTTP/1.1 client request body publisher supplies an empty buffer.
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @run junit/othervm ${test.main.class}
+ */
+public class Http1RequestEmptyBufferTest {
+
+    static final byte[] HEADER_END = new byte[] {'\r', '\n', '\r', '\n'};
+
+    static byte[] readRequestHeaders(InputStream input) throws IOException {
+        ByteArrayOutputStream headerBytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        int headerEndMatch = 0, nextByte;
+        while ((nextByte = input.read()) != -1) {
+            headerBytes.write(nextByte);
+            if (nextByte == HEADER_END[headerEndMatch]) {
+                headerEndMatch++;
+                if (headerEndMatch == 4) {
+                    return headerBytes.toByteArray();
+                }
+            } else {
+                headerEndMatch = 0;
+            }
+        }
+        throw new IOException("EOF reached before reaching end of headers");
+    }
+
+    static final String TERMINAL_CHUNK = "0\r\n\r\n";
+
+    static final String RESPONSE_HEADERS = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n" +
+            "Content-Length: 0\r\n" +
+            "Connection: close\r\n\r\n";
+
+    static String escape(String value) {
+        return value.replace("\r", "\\r").replace("\n", "\\n");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void test() throws Exception {
+        try (ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket()) {
+            server.bind(new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getLoopbackAddress(), 0));
+            String path = "/testChunkEmptyBuffer/";
+            URI uri = new URI("http",
+                    null,
+                    server.getInetAddress().getHostAddress(),
+                    server.getLocalPort(),
+                    path,
+                    null,
+                    null);
+            try (HttpClient client = HttpClient.newBuilder()
+                    .proxy(HttpClient.Builder.NO_PROXY)
+                    .version(HttpClient.Version.HTTP_1_1)
+                    .build()) {
+                HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder(uri)
+                        .PUT(HttpRequest.BodyPublishers.ofByteArrays(List.of(new byte[0])))
+                        .build();
+                CompletableFuture<HttpResponse<Void>> responseFuture =
+                        client.sendAsync(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.discarding());
+                try (Socket connection = server.accept()) {
+                    connection.setSoTimeout((int)Utils.adjustTimeout(1000));
+                    InputStream input = connection.getInputStream();
+                    byte[] headerBytes = readRequestHeaders(input);
+                    String headerText = new String(headerBytes, StandardCharsets.US_ASCII)
+                            .toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
+                    assertTrue(headerText.contains("transfer-encoding: chunked"),
+                            "Expected Transfer-Encoding: chunked header, got: "
+                            + headerText);
+                    byte[] firstChunkBytes = input.readNBytes(TERMINAL_CHUNK.length());
+                    OutputStream os = connection.getOutputStream();
+                    os.write(RESPONSE_HEADERS.getBytes(StandardCharsets.US_ASCII));
+                    os.flush();
+                    String requestBody = new String(firstChunkBytes, StandardCharsets.US_ASCII)
+                            + new String(input.readAllBytes(), StandardCharsets.US_ASCII);
+                    assertEquals(escape(TERMINAL_CHUNK), escape(requestBody));
+                    HttpResponse<Void> response = responseFuture.join();
+                    assertEquals(200, response.statusCode());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

From 01177de13b277bc99add32adfb5816c6a402de33 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jaikiran Pai <jpai@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 24 Aug 2026 10:54:26 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 683/707] 8390647: Clean up the functions made available in
 libzip

Reviewed-by: lancea, alanb
---
 src/java.base/share/native/libzip/zip_util.c | 112 ++++++++-----------
 src/java.base/share/native/libzip/zip_util.h |  29 +----
 2 files changed, 51 insertions(+), 90 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/native/libzip/zip_util.c b/src/java.base/share/native/libzip/zip_util.c
index 96d3050f527..0e6e0da91f2 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/native/libzip/zip_util.c
+++ b/src/java.base/share/native/libzip/zip_util.c
@@ -84,10 +84,10 @@ DEF_STATIC_JNI_OnLoad
 /*
  * Opens the named file for reading, returning a ZFILE.
  *
- * Compare this with winFileHandleOpen in windows/native/java/io/io_util_md.c.
+ * Compare this with winFileHandleOpen in windows/native/libjava/io_util_md.c.
  * This function does not take JNIEnv* and uses CreateFile (instead of
- * CreateFileW).  The expectation is that this function will be called only
- * from ZIP_Open_Generic, which in turn is used by the JVM, where we do not
+ * CreateFileW). The expectation is that this function will be called only
+ * from ZIP_Open, which in turn is used by the JVM, where we do not
  * need to concern ourselves with wide chars.
  */
 static ZFILE
@@ -766,32 +766,6 @@ readCEN(jzfile *zip, jint knownTotal)
     return cenpos;
 }
 
-/*
- * Opens a zip file with the specified mode. Returns the jzfile object
- * or NULL if an error occurred. If a zip error occurred then *pmsg will
- * be set to the error message text if pmsg != 0. Otherwise, *pmsg will be
- * set to NULL. Caller doesn't need to free the error message.
- * The error message, if set, points to a static thread-safe buffer.
- */
-jzfile *
-ZIP_Open_Generic(const char *name, char **pmsg, int mode, jlong lastModified)
-{
-    jzfile *zip = NULL;
-
-    /* Clear zip error message */
-    if (pmsg != NULL) {
-        *pmsg = NULL;
-    }
-
-    zip = ZIP_Get_From_Cache(name, pmsg, lastModified);
-
-    if (zip == NULL && pmsg != NULL && *pmsg == NULL) {
-        ZFILE zfd = ZFILE_Open(name, mode);
-        zip = ZIP_Put_In_Cache(name, zfd, pmsg, lastModified);
-    }
-    return zip;
-}
-
 /*
  * Returns the jzfile corresponding to the given file name from the cache of
  * zip files, or NULL if the file is not in the cache.  If the name is longer
@@ -799,7 +773,7 @@ ZIP_Open_Generic(const char *name, char **pmsg, int mode, jlong lastModified)
  * message text if pmsg != 0. Otherwise, *pmsg will be set to NULL. Caller
  * doesn't need to free the error message.
  */
-jzfile *
+static jzfile *
 ZIP_Get_From_Cache(const char *name, char **pmsg, jlong lastModified)
 {
     char buf[PATH_MAX];
@@ -827,8 +801,9 @@ ZIP_Get_From_Cache(const char *name, char **pmsg, jlong lastModified)
     MLOCK(zfiles_lock);
     for (zip = zfiles; zip != NULL; zip = zip->next) {
         if (strcmp(name, zip->name) == 0
-            && (zip->lastModified == lastModified || zip->lastModified == 0)
-            && zip->refs < MAXREFS) {
+                && (zip->lastModified == lastModified || zip->lastModified == 0)
+                && zip->refs < MAXREFS) {
+
             zip->refs++;
             break;
         }
@@ -844,16 +819,8 @@ ZIP_Get_From_Cache(const char *name, char **pmsg, jlong lastModified)
  * pmsg != 0. Otherwise, *pmsg will be set to NULL. Caller doesn't need to
  * free the error message.
  */
-
-jzfile *
+static jzfile *
 ZIP_Put_In_Cache(const char *name, ZFILE zfd, char **pmsg, jlong lastModified)
-{
-    return ZIP_Put_In_Cache0(name, zfd, pmsg, lastModified, JNI_TRUE);
-}
-
-jzfile *
-ZIP_Put_In_Cache0(const char *name, ZFILE zfd, char **pmsg, jlong lastModified,
-                 jboolean usemmap)
 {
     char errbuf[256];
     jlong len;
@@ -864,7 +831,7 @@ ZIP_Put_In_Cache0(const char *name, ZFILE zfd, char **pmsg, jlong lastModified,
     }
 
 #ifdef USE_MMAP
-    zip->usemmap = usemmap;
+    zip->usemmap = JNI_TRUE;
 #endif
     zip->refs = 1;
     zip->lastModified = lastModified;
@@ -916,15 +883,28 @@ ZIP_Put_In_Cache0(const char *name, ZFILE zfd, char **pmsg, jlong lastModified,
 
 /*
  * Opens a zip file for reading. Returns the jzfile object or NULL
- * if an error occurred. If a zip error occurred then *msg will be
- * set to the error message text if msg != 0. Otherwise, *msg will be
+ * if an error occurred. If a zip error occurred then *pmsg will be
+ * set to the error message text if pmsg != NULL. Otherwise, *pmsg will be
  * set to NULL. Caller doesn't need to free the error message.
+ * The error message, if set, points to a static thread-safe buffer.
  */
 JNIEXPORT jzfile *
 ZIP_Open(const char *name, char **pmsg)
 {
-    jzfile *file = ZIP_Open_Generic(name, pmsg, O_RDONLY, 0);
-    return file;
+    jzfile *zip = NULL;
+
+    /* Clear zip error message */
+    if (pmsg != NULL) {
+        *pmsg = NULL;
+    }
+    const jlong lastModified = 0;
+    zip = ZIP_Get_From_Cache(name, pmsg, lastModified);
+
+    if (zip == NULL && pmsg != NULL && *pmsg == NULL) {
+        ZFILE zfd = ZFILE_Open(name, O_RDONLY);
+        zip = ZIP_Put_In_Cache(name, zfd, pmsg, lastModified);
+    }
+    return zip;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1123,6 +1103,24 @@ newEntry(jzfile *zip, jzcell *zc, AccessHint accessHint)
     return ze;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Locks the specified zip file for reading.
+ */
+static void
+ZIP_Lock(jzfile *zip)
+{
+    MLOCK(zip->lock);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Unlocks the specified zip file.
+ */
+static void
+ZIP_Unlock(jzfile *zip)
+{
+    MUNLOCK(zip->lock);
+}
+
 /*
  * Free the given jzentry.
  * In fact we maintain a one-entry cache of the most recently used
@@ -1238,30 +1236,12 @@ ZIP_GetNextEntry(jzfile *zip, jint n)
     return result;
 }
 
-/*
- * Locks the specified zip file for reading.
- */
-void
-ZIP_Lock(jzfile *zip)
-{
-    MLOCK(zip->lock);
-}
-
-/*
- * Unlocks the specified zip file.
- */
-void
-ZIP_Unlock(jzfile *zip)
-{
-    MUNLOCK(zip->lock);
-}
-
 /*
  * Returns the offset of the entry data within the zip file.
  * Returns -1 if an error occurred, in which case zip->msg will
  * contain the error text.
  */
-jlong
+static jlong
 ZIP_GetEntryDataOffset(jzfile *zip, jzentry *entry)
 {
     /* The Zip file spec explicitly allows the LOC extra data size to
@@ -1297,7 +1277,7 @@ ZIP_GetEntryDataOffset(jzfile *zip, jzentry *entry)
  * The current implementation does not support reading an entry that
  * has the size bigger than 2**32 bytes in ONE invocation.
  */
-jint
+static jint
 ZIP_Read(jzfile *zip, jzentry *entry, jlong pos, void *buf, jint len)
 {
     jlong entry_size;
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/native/libzip/zip_util.h b/src/java.base/share/native/libzip/zip_util.h
index 8cfe0b261f5..d34012f8839 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/native/libzip/zip_util.h
+++ b/src/java.base/share/native/libzip/zip_util.h
@@ -145,6 +145,11 @@
 #define STORED      0
 #define DEFLATED    8
 
+/*
+ * Index representing end of hash chain
+ */
+#define ZIP_ENDCHAIN ((jint) -1)
+
 /*
  * Support for reading ZIP/JAR files. Some things worth noting:
  *
@@ -236,11 +241,6 @@ typedef struct jzfile {   /* Zip file */
     jlong locpos;         /* position of first LOC header (usually 0) */
 } jzfile;
 
-/*
- * Index representing end of hash chain
- */
-#define ZIP_ENDCHAIN ((jint)-1)
-
 /*
  * Returns the ZIP entry corresponding to the given (NULL terminated)
  * entry name. Returns NULL if no entry is found by that name.
@@ -260,18 +260,6 @@ ZIP_GetNextEntry(jzfile *zip, jint n);
 JNIEXPORT jzfile *
 ZIP_Open(const char *name, char **pmsg);
 
-jzfile *
-ZIP_Open_Generic(const char *name, char **pmsg, int mode, jlong lastModified);
-
-jzfile *
-ZIP_Get_From_Cache(const char *name, char **pmsg, jlong lastModified);
-
-jzfile *
-ZIP_Put_In_Cache(const char *name, ZFILE zfd, char **pmsg, jlong lastModified);
-
-jzfile *
-ZIP_Put_In_Cache0(const char *name, ZFILE zfd, char **pmsg, jlong lastModified, jboolean usemmap);
-
 JNIEXPORT void
 ZIP_Close(jzfile *zip);
 
@@ -281,15 +269,8 @@ ZIP_Close(jzfile *zip);
  */
 jzentry *
 ZIP_GetEntry(jzfile *zip, const char *name);
-void
-ZIP_Lock(jzfile *zip);
-void
-ZIP_Unlock(jzfile *zip);
-jint
-ZIP_Read(jzfile *zip, jzentry *entry, jlong pos, void *buf, jint len);
 JNIEXPORT void
 ZIP_FreeEntry(jzfile *zip, jzentry *ze);
-jlong ZIP_GetEntryDataOffset(jzfile *zip, jzentry *entry);
 
 JNIEXPORT jboolean
 ZIP_InflateFully(void *inBuf, jlong inLen, void *outBuf, jlong outLen, char **pmsg);

From 62a166a0647bdbb7ef41bcc4c042caed3bc7c638 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Casper Norrbin <cnorrbin@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 24 Aug 2026 12:12:35 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 684/707] 8389452: Inherited @Contended annotation corrupts
 concrete value class layout

Reviewed-by: fparain, jsjolen
---
 .../share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp       |   9 +-
 .../jdk/internal/vm/annotation/Contended.java |   6 +
 .../ContendedValueClassInheritanceTest.java   | 167 ++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 178 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ContendedValueClassInheritanceTest.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp
index 99aef4bb6c7..cd4b32d8046 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/classfile/classFileParser.cpp
@@ -2080,7 +2080,7 @@ void MethodAnnotationCollector::apply_to(const methodHandle& m) {
 
 void ClassFileParser::ClassAnnotationCollector::apply_to(InstanceKlass* ik) {
   assert(ik != nullptr, "invariant");
-  if (has_annotation(_jdk_internal_vm_annotation_Contended)) {
+  if (ik->is_identity_class() && has_annotation(_jdk_internal_vm_annotation_Contended)) {
     ik->set_is_contended(is_contended());
   }
   if (has_annotation(_jdk_internal_ValueBased)) {
@@ -5676,8 +5676,9 @@ void ClassFileParser::fill_instance_klass(InstanceKlass* ik,
     oop_map_blocks->copy(ik->start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps());
   }
 
-  if (_has_contended_fields || _parsed_annotations->is_contended() ||
-      ( _super_klass != nullptr && _super_klass->has_contended_annotations())) {
+  if (ik->is_identity_class() &&
+      (_has_contended_fields || _parsed_annotations->is_contended() ||
+       (_super_klass != nullptr && _super_klass->has_contended_annotations()))) {
     ik->set_has_contended_annotations(true);
   }
 
@@ -6409,7 +6410,7 @@ void ClassFileParser::post_process_parsed_stream(const ClassFileStream* const st
 
   _layout_info = new FieldLayoutInfo();
   FieldLayoutBuilder lb(class_name(), loader_data(), super_klass(), _cp, /*_fields*/ _temp_field_info,
-      _parsed_annotations->is_contended(), is_inline_type(),
+      access_flags().is_identity_class() && _parsed_annotations->is_contended(), is_inline_type(),
       access_flags().is_abstract() && !access_flags().is_identity_class() && !access_flags().is_interface(),
       _must_be_atomic, _layout_info, _inline_layout_info_array);
   lb.build_layout();
diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/vm/annotation/Contended.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/vm/annotation/Contended.java
index f32a3ddfa68..90b97d2568a 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/vm/annotation/Contended.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/vm/annotation/Contended.java
@@ -67,6 +67,12 @@
  * groups. Contention group tags are not inherited, and the same tag used
  * in a superclass and subclass, represent distinct contention groups.
  *
+ * <div class="preview-block">
+ * <div class="preview-comment">
+ * <p> This annotation has no effect when used on or inside value classes.
+ * </div>
+ * </div>
+ *
  * @since 1.8
  */
 @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ContendedValueClassInheritanceTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ContendedValueClassInheritanceTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4f56b9c7513
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/field_layout/ContendedValueClassInheritanceTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8389452
+ * @summary Test that contended annotations are ignored on value class layouts
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @requires vm.flagless
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.vm.annotation
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FieldLayoutAnalyzer.java ContendedValueClassInheritanceTest.java
+ * @run main runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout.ContendedValueClassInheritanceTest
+ */
+
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.field_layout;
+
+import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.Contended;
+import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+
+public class ContendedValueClassInheritanceTest {
+    private static final int CONTENDED_PADDING_WIDTH = 128;
+
+    static abstract value class Base {
+        long base = 0;
+    }
+
+    @Contended
+    static abstract value class ContendedBase {
+        long base = 0;
+    }
+
+    static value class Value extends ContendedBase {
+        int value = 0;
+    }
+
+    @Contended
+    static value class ContendedValue extends Base {
+        int value = 0;
+    }
+
+    static class Identity extends ContendedBase {
+        int value;
+    }
+
+    @Contended
+    static class ContendedIdentity extends Base {
+        int value;
+    }
+
+    static class TestRunner {
+        public static void main(String[] args) {
+            new Value();
+            new ContendedValue();
+            new Identity();
+            new ContendedIdentity();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout getLayout(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla, Class<?> type) {
+        String className = type.getName().replace('.', '/');
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout layout = fla.getClassLayoutFromName(className);
+        Asserts.assertNotNull(layout, "Missing layout for " + type.getName());
+        return layout;
+    }
+
+    private static int contendedPaddingBlocks(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout layout) {
+        int count = 0;
+        for (FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock block : layout.nonStaticFields) {
+            if (block.type() == FieldLayoutAnalyzer.BlockType.PADDING && block.size() == CONTENDED_PADDING_WIDTH) {
+                count++;
+            }
+        }
+        return count;
+    }
+
+    private static void assertSameFieldLayout(FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout first,
+                                              FieldLayoutAnalyzer.ClassLayout second,
+                                              String fieldName) {
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock firstField = first.getFieldFromName(fieldName, false);
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.FieldBlock secondField = second.getFieldFromName(fieldName, false);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(firstField.offset(), secondField.offset(), fieldName + " offset");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(firstField.size(), secondField.size(), fieldName + " size");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(firstField.alignment(), secondField.alignment(), fieldName + " alignment");
+    }
+
+    private static void checkLayouts(FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla) {
+        // Contended annotations should not affect value base classes.
+        var base = getLayout(fla, Base.class);
+        var contendedBase = getLayout(fla, ContendedBase.class);
+
+        Asserts.assertEquals(base.instanceSize, contendedBase.instanceSize);
+        assertSameFieldLayout(base, contendedBase, "base");
+        Asserts.assertEquals(contendedPaddingBlocks(contendedBase), 0);
+
+        // Neither inherited nor declared contended annotations should affect value subclasses.
+        var value = getLayout(fla, Value.class);
+        var contendedValue = getLayout(fla, ContendedValue.class);
+
+        Asserts.assertEquals(value.instanceSize, contendedValue.instanceSize);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(value.payloadSize, contendedValue.payloadSize);
+
+        assertSameFieldLayout(value, contendedValue, "base");
+        assertSameFieldLayout(value, contendedValue, "value");
+
+        Asserts.assertEquals(contendedPaddingBlocks(value), 0);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(contendedPaddingBlocks(contendedValue), 0);
+
+        // Only the contended identity subclass gets leading and trailing padding.
+        var identity = getLayout(fla, Identity.class);
+        var contendedIdentity = getLayout(fla, ContendedIdentity.class);
+        var identityField = identity.getFieldFromName("value", false);
+        var contendedIdentityField = contendedIdentity.getFieldFromName("value", false);
+
+        assertSameFieldLayout(identity, contendedIdentity, "base");
+
+        Asserts.assertEquals(contendedIdentityField.offset(), identityField.offset() + CONTENDED_PADDING_WIDTH);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(contendedIdentity.instanceSize, identity.instanceSize + 2 * CONTENDED_PADDING_WIDTH);
+
+        Asserts.assertEquals(contendedPaddingBlocks(identity), 0);
+        Asserts.assertEquals(contendedPaddingBlocks(contendedIdentity), 2);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        var out = ProcessTools.executeTestJava(
+                "--enable-preview",
+                "-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+                "-XX:+PrintFieldLayout",
+                "-XX:-RestrictContended",
+                "-XX:ContendedPaddingWidth=" + CONTENDED_PADDING_WIDTH,
+                "-Xshare:off",
+                "-cp", System.getProperty("java.class.path"),
+                TestRunner.class.getName());
+        out.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LogOutput log = new FieldLayoutAnalyzer.LogOutput(out.asLines());
+        FieldLayoutAnalyzer fla = FieldLayoutAnalyzer.createFieldLayoutAnalyzer(log);
+        try {
+            checkLayouts(fla);
+            fla.check();
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            System.out.print(out.getOutput());
+            throw t;
+        }
+    }
+}

From 1088f16bb6a48482fc1ea07656e2cd9debd91d2c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Casper Norrbin <cnorrbin@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 24 Aug 2026 12:30:04 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 685/707] 8388404: Initialize nm_offset

Reviewed-by: coleenp, fparain
---
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/fieldDescriptor.cpp | 3 ++-
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/fieldDescriptor.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/fieldDescriptor.cpp
index 17bf5e74e00..aa3bbb76c7f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/fieldDescriptor.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/fieldDescriptor.cpp
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ void fieldDescriptor::print_on_for(outputStream* st, oop obj, int indent, int ba
         bool is_null = false;
         InlineKlass* vk = InlineKlass::cast(field_holder()->get_inline_type_field_klass(index()));
         int field_offset = offset() - vk->payload_offset();
-        int nm_offset;
+        int nm_offset = 0;
 
         if (!is_null_free_inline_type()) {
           assert(has_null_marker(), "should have null marker");
@@ -220,6 +220,7 @@ void fieldDescriptor::print_on_for(outputStream* st, oop obj, int indent, int ba
 
         if (this->field_flags().has_null_marker()) {
           for (int i = 0; i < indent + 1; i++) st->print("  ");
+          assert(nm_offset > 0, "must be");
           st->print_cr(" - [null_marker] @%d %s",
                     base_offset + nm_offset,
                     is_null ? "Field marked as null" : "Field marked as non-null");

From f5874509cd549ef4ff4df1038b1d736f37175455 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Manuel=20H=C3=A4ssig?= <mhaessig@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 24 Aug 2026 12:59:23 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 686/707] 8390109: [REDO] Add the hotspot compiler testlibrary
 to the test-image

Reviewed-by: erikj, mchevalier
---
 make/Main.gmk                                 | 14 +++-
 .../hotspot/test/BuildCompilerTestlibrary.gmk | 76 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java        |  1 +
 3 files changed, 90 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 make/hotspot/test/BuildCompilerTestlibrary.gmk

diff --git a/make/Main.gmk b/make/Main.gmk
index a78fc509ff9..1c3ee71f302 100644
--- a/make/Main.gmk
+++ b/make/Main.gmk
@@ -751,6 +751,18 @@ $(eval $(call SetupTarget, test-image-lib, \
     DEPS := build-test-lib, \
 ))
 
+$(eval $(call SetupTarget, build-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary, \
+    MAKEFILE := hotspot/test/BuildCompilerTestlibrary, \
+    TARGET := build-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary, \
+    DEPS := exploded-image build-test-lib, \
+))
+
+$(eval $(call SetupTarget, test-image-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary, \
+    MAKEFILE := hotspot/test/BuildCompilerTestlibrary, \
+    TARGET := test-image-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary, \
+    DEPS := build-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary, \
+))
+
 $(eval $(call SetupTarget, build-test-setup-aot, \
     MAKEFILE := test/BuildTestSetupAOT, \
     DEPS := interim-langtools exploded-image, \
@@ -1303,7 +1315,7 @@ all-docs-bundles: docs-jdk-bundles docs-javase-bundles docs-reference-bundles
 test-image: prepare-test-image test-image-jdk-jtreg-native \
     test-image-demos-jdk test-image-libtest-jtreg-native \
     test-image-lib test-image-lib-native \
-    test-image-setup-aot
+    test-image-setup-aot test-image-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary
 
 ifneq ($(JVM_TEST_IMAGE_TARGETS), )
   # If JVM_TEST_IMAGE_TARGETS is externally defined, use it instead of the
diff --git a/make/hotspot/test/BuildCompilerTestlibrary.gmk b/make/hotspot/test/BuildCompilerTestlibrary.gmk
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0da107229fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/make/hotspot/test/BuildCompilerTestlibrary.gmk
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+#
+# This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+# under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+# published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+# particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+# by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+#
+# This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+# version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+# accompanied this code).
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+# 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+# Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+#
+# Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+# or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+# questions.
+#
+
+include MakeFileStart.gmk
+
+################################################################################
+# This file builds the Hotspot compiler testlibrary.
+################################################################################
+
+include CopyFiles.gmk
+include JavaCompilation.gmk
+
+###############################################################################
+
+COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_BASEDIR := $(TOPDIR)/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib
+COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_SUPPORT := $(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/test/compiler-testlibrary
+COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_JAR := $(COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_SUPPORT)/compiler-testlibrary.jar
+TEST_LIB_SUPPORT := $(SUPPORT_OUTPUTDIR)/test/lib
+WB_CP := $(TEST_LIB_SUPPORT)/wb_classes
+TEST_LIB_CP := $(TEST_LIB_SUPPORT)/test-lib_classes
+
+$(eval $(call SetupJavaCompilation, BUILD_COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY, \
+    TARGET_RELEASE := $(TARGET_RELEASE_NEWJDK_UPGRADED), \
+    SRC := $(COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_BASEDIR), \
+    BIN := $(COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_SUPPORT)/classes, \
+    JAR := $(COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_JAR), \
+    JAVAC_FLAGS := -cp $(WB_CP) \
+        -cp $(TEST_LIB_CP) \
+        --add-exports java.base/jdk.internal.math=ALL-UNNAMED, \
+))
+
+TARGETS += $(BUILD_COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY)
+
+build-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary: $(TARGETS)
+
+################################################################################
+# Targets for building test-image.
+################################################################################
+
+# Copy to hotspot jtreg test image
+$(eval $(call SetupCopyFiles, COPY_COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY, \
+    DEST := $(TEST_IMAGE_DIR)/compiler-testlibrary, \
+    FILES := $(COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY_JAR), \
+))
+
+IMAGE_TARGETS += $(COPY_COMPILER_TESTLIBRARY)
+
+test-image-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary: $(IMAGE_TARGETS)
+
+.PHONY: build-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary test-image-hotspot-compiler-testlibrary
+
+################################################################################
+
+include MakeFileEnd.gmk
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java
index ed3488303a2..59115c89115 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/lib/ir_framework/test/ApplicableIRRulesPrinter.java
@@ -442,6 +442,7 @@ private boolean hasNoRequiredFlags(String[] orRules, String ruleType) {
         return returnValue;
     }
 
+    @SuppressWarnings("preview")
     private boolean check(String flag, String value) {
         if (flag.isEmpty()) {
             TestFormat.failNoThrow("Provided empty flag" + failAt());

From dcd4a6109928f7d7adebcc552a810807e91c36aa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Johan=20Sj=C3=B6len?= <jsjolen@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 24 Aug 2026 13:47:57 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 687/707] 8389140: VarHandle CAS should not initialize value
 class

Reviewed-by: liach, jpai, dholmes
---
 src/hotspot/share/prims/unsafe.cpp            |  1 -
 .../FlatArrayDoesNotInitialize.java           | 61 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 61 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatArrayDoesNotInitialize.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/unsafe.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/unsafe.cpp
index cb598704575..6bdcc1267ed 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/unsafe.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/unsafe.cpp
@@ -346,7 +346,6 @@ UNSAFE_ENTRY(jint, Unsafe_FieldLayout(JNIEnv *env, jobject unsafe, jobject field
 UNSAFE_ENTRY(jarray, Unsafe_NewSpecialArray(JNIEnv *env, jobject unsafe, jclass elmClass, jint len, jint layoutKind)) {
   oop mirror = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(elmClass);
   Klass* klass = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(mirror);
-  klass->initialize(CHECK_NULL);
   if (len < 0) {
     THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "Array length is negative");
   }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatArrayDoesNotInitialize.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatArrayDoesNotInitialize.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..50138c433b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/valhalla/inlinetypes/FlatArrayDoesNotInitialize.java
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Test that creating an array of T does not initialize class T
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @compile FlatArrayDoesNotInitialize.java
+ * @run main/othervm runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes.FlatArrayDoesNotInitialize
+ */
+package runtime.valhalla.inlinetypes;
+
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.VarHandle;
+
+
+public class FlatArrayDoesNotInitialize {
+    static boolean initialized;
+
+    static value class MyValue {
+        static {
+            initialized = true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        MyValue[] array = new MyValue[1];
+        VarHandle handle = MethodHandles.arrayElementVarHandle(MyValue[].class);
+        if (initialized) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Should not be initialized");
+        }
+        if (!(boolean) handle.compareAndSet(array, 0, null, null)) {
+            throw new AssertionError("CAS failed");
+        }
+        if (initialized) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Should not be initialized");
+        }
+    }
+}
+

From fd943b7b1032f022fa3f5b2db30b6559e4a825fe Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ivan Bereziuk <Navi.Bereziuk@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 24 Aug 2026 14:45:22 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 688/707] 8390824: ProblemList container tests intolerant of
 non-writable /tmp

Reviewed-by: cnorrbin, rsunderbabu
---
 test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt | 2 ++
 test/jdk/ProblemList.txt           | 2 ++
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
index 059e2b3e083..a4308c7ea30 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/ProblemList.txt
@@ -112,6 +112,8 @@ runtime/Thread/TestAlwaysPreTouchStacks.java 8383372 macosx-aarch64
 applications/jcstress/copy.java 8229852 linux-all
 
 containers/docker/TestJFREvents.java 8327723 linux-x64
+containers/docker/TestLimitsUpdating.java 8390823 linux-all
+containers/docker/ShareTmpDir.java 8390823 linux-all
 
 #############################################################################
 
diff --git a/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt b/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
index 16d23f73b38..86cdbc4c825 100644
--- a/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
+++ b/test/jdk/ProblemList.txt
@@ -624,6 +624,8 @@ jdk/jfr/event/oldobject/TestZ.java                              8375615 generic-
 
 # jdk_internal
 
+jdk/internal/platform/docker/TestLimitsUpdating.java 8390823 linux-all
+
 ############################################################################
 
 # jdk_jpackage

From 60c4ae62ff895c5bdf0a884ee6e4b263d8db2950 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vladimir Kozlov <kvn@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 24 Aug 2026 15:15:42 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 689/707] 8390914: [leyden] add missing relocations for
 addresses recorded in AOT code cache

Reviewed-by: fyang, adinn, dzhang
---
 .../cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp    |  8 ++--
 .../cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp     |  4 +-
 .../cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp        |  4 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp    | 45 ++++++++++---------
 src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp       |  4 +-
 5 files changed, 36 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
index 78f8a86dcf3..6d280d9e8ab 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/macroAssembler_aarch64.cpp
@@ -1972,7 +1972,9 @@ void MacroAssembler::verify_secondary_supers_table(Register r_sub_klass,
     mov(r1, r_sub_klass);           // r1 <- r4
     mov(r2, /*expected*/rscratch1); // r2 <- r8
     mov(r3, result);                // r3 <- r5
-    mov(r4, (address)("mismatch")); // r4 <- const
+    const char* msg = "mismatch";
+    const char* str = (code_section()->scratch_emit()) ? msg : AOTCodeCache::add_C_string(msg);
+    lea(r4, ExternalAddress((address)str)); // r4 <- const
     rt_call(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, Klass::on_secondary_supers_verification_failure), rscratch2);
     should_not_reach_here();
   }
@@ -2043,7 +2045,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::_verify_oop(Register reg, const char* s, const char* file,
   stp(rscratch2, lr, Address(pre(sp, -2 * wordSize)));
 
   mov(r0, reg);
-  movptr(rscratch1, (uintptr_t)(address)b);
+  lea(rscratch1, ExternalAddress((address)b));
 
   // call indirectly to solve generation ordering problem
   lea(rscratch2, RuntimeAddress(StubRoutines::verify_oop_subroutine_entry_address()));
@@ -2094,7 +2096,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::_verify_oop_addr(Address addr, const char* s, const char* f
   } else {
     ldr(r0, addr);
   }
-  movptr(rscratch1, (uintptr_t)(address)b);
+  lea(rscratch1, ExternalAddress((address)b));
 
   // call indirectly to solve generation ordering problem
   lea(rscratch2, RuntimeAddress(StubRoutines::verify_oop_subroutine_entry_address()));
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
index 61e6e48db73..ca78fc0952f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/stubGenerator_aarch64.cpp
@@ -827,7 +827,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     assert(frame::arg_reg_save_area_bytes == 0, "not expecting frame reg save area");
 #endif
     BLOCK_COMMENT("call MacroAssembler::debug");
-    __ mov(rscratch1, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, MacroAssembler::debug64));
+    __ lea(rscratch1, RuntimeAddress(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, MacroAssembler::debug64)));
     __ blr(rscratch1);
     __ hlt(0);
 
@@ -12826,7 +12826,7 @@ class StubGenerator: public StubCodeGenerator {
     // Native caller has no idea how to handle exceptions,
     // so we just crash here. Up to callee to catch exceptions.
     __ verify_oop(r0);
-    __ movptr(rscratch1, CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(uint64_t, UpcallLinker::handle_uncaught_exception));
+    __ lea(rscratch1, RuntimeAddress(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, UpcallLinker::handle_uncaught_exception)));
     __ blr(rscratch1);
     __ should_not_reach_here();
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
index 8be305f2743..ec044b6f824 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/macroAssembler_riscv.cpp
@@ -5375,7 +5375,9 @@ void MacroAssembler::verify_secondary_supers_table(Register r_sub_klass,
     mv(x11, r_sub_klass);
     mv(x12, tmp3);
     mv(x13, result);
-    mv(x14, (address)("mismatch"));
+    const char* msg = "mismatch";
+    const char* str = (code_section()->scratch_emit()) ? msg : AOTCodeCache::add_C_string(msg);
+    la(x14, ExternalAddress((address) str));
     rt_call(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, Klass::on_secondary_supers_verification_failure));
     should_not_reach_here();
   }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
index d5b39f8b0eb..dd6a6ed51ed 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/macroAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -4607,7 +4607,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::lookup_secondary_supers_table_var(Register r_sub_klass,
   assert(Array<Klass*>::length_offset_in_bytes() == 0, "Adjust this code");
 
   cmpq(r_super_klass, Address(r_array_base, r_array_index, Address::times_8));
-  jccb(Assembler::equal, L_success);
+  jcc(Assembler::equal, L_success);
 
   // Restore slot to its true value
   movb(slot, Address(r_super_klass, Klass::hash_slot_offset()));
@@ -4618,7 +4618,7 @@ void MacroAssembler::lookup_secondary_supers_table_var(Register r_sub_klass,
 
   // Is there another entry to check? Consult the bitmap.
   btq(r_bitmap, 1);
-  jccb(Assembler::carryClear, L_failure);
+  jcc(Assembler::carryClear, L_failure);
 
   // Calls into the stub generated by lookup_secondary_supers_table_slow_path.
   // Arguments: r_super_klass, r_array_base, r_array_index, r_bitmap.
@@ -4757,21 +4757,6 @@ void MacroAssembler::lookup_secondary_supers_table_slow_path(Register r_super_kl
   }
 }
 
-struct VerifyHelperArguments {
-  Klass* _super;
-  Klass* _sub;
-  intptr_t _linear_result;
-  intptr_t _table_result;
-};
-
-static void verify_secondary_supers_table_helper(const char* msg, VerifyHelperArguments* args) {
-  Klass::on_secondary_supers_verification_failure(args->_super,
-                                                  args->_sub,
-                                                  args->_linear_result,
-                                                  args->_table_result,
-                                                  msg);
-}
-
 // Make sure that the hashed lookup and a linear scan agree.
 void MacroAssembler::verify_secondary_supers_table(Register r_sub_klass,
                                                    Register r_super_klass,
@@ -4814,15 +4799,31 @@ void MacroAssembler::verify_secondary_supers_table(Register r_sub_klass,
   cmpl(linear_result, result);
   jcc(Assembler::equal, L_done);
 
-  { // To avoid calling convention issues, build a record on the stack
-    // and pass the pointer to that instead.
+  { // Push values on stack and load them into argument registers
+    // to avoid overlaping registers issue.
     push(result);
     push(linear_result);
     push(r_sub_klass);
     push(r_super_klass);
-    movptr(c_rarg1, rsp);
-    movptr(c_rarg0, (uintptr_t) "mismatch");
-    call(RuntimeAddress(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, verify_secondary_supers_table_helper)));
+    movptr(c_rarg0, Address(rsp, 0 * wordSize)); // super
+    movptr(c_rarg1, Address(rsp, 1 * wordSize)); // sub
+    movptr(c_rarg2, Address(rsp, 2 * wordSize)); // linear_result
+    movptr(c_rarg3, Address(rsp, 3 * wordSize)); // table_result
+    const char* msg = "mismatch";
+    const char* str = (code_section()->scratch_emit()) ? msg : AOTCodeCache::add_C_string(msg);
+    lea(rscratch1, ExternalAddress((address)str));
+#ifdef _WIN64
+    // Win64 pass only 4 arguments in registers, push message on stack.
+    // Windows always allocates space for its register args and we
+    // need one more for 5th argument.
+    subq(rsp, (frame::arg_reg_save_area_bytes + wordSize));
+    andq(rsp, -StackAlignmentInBytes); // align stack as required by ABI
+    movptr(Address(rsp, frame::arg_reg_save_area_bytes), rscratch1);
+#else
+    movptr(c_rarg4, rscratch1);
+    andq(rsp, -StackAlignmentInBytes); // align stack as required by ABI
+#endif
+    call(RuntimeAddress(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, Klass::on_secondary_supers_verification_failure)));
     should_not_reach_here();
   }
   bind(L_done);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp
index c29f5726236..d51b5ca68d1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/code/aotCodeCache.cpp
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
 #include "gc/shared/gcConfig.hpp"
 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
 #include "memory/memoryReserver.hpp"
+#include "oops/klass.hpp"
 #include "prims/jvmtiThreadState.hpp"
 #include "prims/upcallLinker.hpp"
 #include "runtime/deoptimization.hpp"
@@ -2098,10 +2099,11 @@ void AOTCodeAddressTable::init_extrs() {
     ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(OptoRuntime::vthread_start_final_transition_C);
     ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(OptoRuntime::vthread_start_transition_C);
     ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(OptoRuntime::vthread_end_transition_C);
-    // already added for
 #if defined(AARCH64) && ! defined(PRODUCT)
     ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(JavaThread::verify_cross_modify_fence_failure);
 #endif // AARCH64 && !PRODUCT
+    // Used by lookup_secondary_supers_table
+    ADD_EXTERNAL_ADDRESS(Klass::on_secondary_supers_verification_failure);
   }
 #endif // COMPILER2
 

From 8158dfe343c32a93374a51b584a26100e24de16a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vladimir Kozlov <kvn@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 24 Aug 2026 15:57:51 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 690/707] 8390550: C2 hit MemLimit when run with -Xcomp
 -XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=1110

Co-authored-by: Christian Hagedorn <chagedorn@openjdk.org>
Reviewed-by: chagedorn, dlong
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp         |   5 +
 src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp            |   2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp              | 118 +++++++++++-------
 .../macronodes/TestMacroExpansion.java        | 114 +++++++++++++++++
 .../TestMacroExpansionCleanupCount.java       |  47 +++++++
 5 files changed, 243 insertions(+), 43 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/macronodes/TestMacroExpansion.java
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/macronodes/TestMacroExpansionCleanupCount.java

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
index 2de571e324a..33799f25d4f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/c2_globals.hpp
@@ -726,6 +726,11 @@
           "Re-process nodes that could benefit from a deep revisit after "  \
           "the IGVN worklist drains")                                       \
                                                                             \
+  product(uint, MacroExpansionCleanupCount, 16, DIAGNOSTIC,                 \
+          "Run IGVN to clean the graph after this many macro nodes are "    \
+          "expanded or when we approach the max live node limit.")          \
+          range(1, 100)                                                     \
+                                                                            \
   develop(uint, VerifyIterativeGVN, 0,                                      \
           "Verify Iterative Global Value Numbering =FEDCBA, with:"          \
           "  F: verify IGVN method return invariants"                       \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
index dc457ca4b3b..fbecaba01a5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp
@@ -3322,7 +3322,7 @@ void Compile::Optimize() {
       return;
     }
     print_method(PHASE_AFTER_MACRO_ELIMINATION, 2);
-    if (mex.expand_macro_nodes()) {
+    if (!mex.expand_macro_nodes()) {
       assert(failing(), "must bail out w/ explicit message");
       return;
     }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp
index b5329c86176..ccf2cb0382f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/macro.cpp
@@ -3199,6 +3199,17 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::refine_strip_mined_loop_macro_nodes() {
   }
 }
 
+// Clean up the graph so we're less likely to hit the maximum node limit
+static bool cleanup_graph(PhaseIterGVN& igvn) {
+  igvn.set_delay_transform(false);
+  igvn.optimize();
+  if (igvn.C->failing()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  igvn.set_delay_transform(true);
+  return true;
+}
+
 //---------------------------eliminate_macro_nodes----------------------
 // Eliminate scalar replaced allocations and associated locks.
 void PhaseMacroExpand::eliminate_macro_nodes(bool eliminate_locks) {
@@ -3312,12 +3323,9 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::eliminate_macro_nodes(bool eliminate_locks) {
     // other macro nodes can remove all these safepoints, allowing the allocation to be removed.
     // Hence after igvn we retry removing macro nodes if some progress that has been made in this
     // iteration.
-    _igvn.set_delay_transform(false);
-    _igvn.optimize();
-    if (C->failing()) {
-      return;
+    if (!cleanup_graph(_igvn)) {
+      return; // failing
     }
-    _igvn.set_delay_transform(true);
 
     if (!progress) {
       break;
@@ -3407,21 +3415,18 @@ void PhaseMacroExpand::eliminate_opaque_looplimit_macro_nodes() {
 }
 
 //------------------------------expand_macro_nodes----------------------
-//  Returns true if a failure occurred.
+//  Returns false if a failure occurred.
 bool PhaseMacroExpand::expand_macro_nodes() {
   if (StressMacroExpansion) {
     C->shuffle_macro_nodes();
   }
 
-  // Clean up the graph so we're less likely to hit the maximum node
-  // limit
-  _igvn.set_delay_transform(false);
-  _igvn.optimize();
-  if (C->failing())  return true;
-  _igvn.set_delay_transform(true);
-
+  // Clean up after eliminate_opaque_looplimit_macro_nodes()
+  if (!cleanup_graph(_igvn)) {
+    return false; // failing
+  }
 
-  // Because we run IGVN after each expansion, some macro nodes may go
+  // Because we run IGVN after set of expansions, some macro nodes may go
   // dead and be removed from the list as we iterate over it. Move
   // Allocate nodes (processed in a second pass) at the beginning of
   // the list and then iterate from the last element of the list until
@@ -3429,26 +3434,34 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::expand_macro_nodes() {
   // the list due to nodes going dead.
   C->sort_macro_nodes();
 
-  // expand arraycopy "macro" nodes first
   // For ReduceBulkZeroing, we must first process all arraycopy nodes
-  // before the allocate nodes are expanded.
+  // before the allocate nodes are expanded. Sorting macro nodes list
+  // enforces it.
+
+  // Worst case is a macro node gets expanded into about 200 nodes.
+  // Allow 50% more for optimization.
+  static const uint macro_expansion_estimate = 300;
+  const uint macro_expansion_margin = macro_expansion_estimate * MacroExpansionCleanupCount;
+  const uint macro_expansion_limit  = C->max_node_limit() > macro_expansion_margin ?
+                                      C->max_node_limit() - macro_expansion_margin : 0;
+  uint pending_expansions_to_cleanup = 0;
+
   while (C->macro_count() > 0) {
     int macro_count = C->macro_count();
-    Node * n = C->macro_node(macro_count-1);
+    Node* n = C->macro_node(macro_count-1);
     assert(n->is_macro(), "only macro nodes expected here");
     if (_igvn.type(n) == Type::TOP || (n->in(0) != nullptr && n->in(0)->is_top())) {
       // node is unreachable, so don't try to expand it
       C->remove_macro_node(n);
       continue;
     }
+    // Reached Allocate nodes - jump to second pass to process them.
     if (n->is_Allocate()) {
       break;
     }
     // Make sure expansion will not cause node limit to be exceeded.
-    // Worst case is a macro node gets expanded into about 200 nodes.
-    // Allow 50% more for optimization.
-    if (C->check_node_count(300, "out of nodes before macro expansion")) {
-      return true;
+    if (C->check_node_count(macro_expansion_estimate, "out of nodes before macro expansion")) {
+      return false;
     }
 
     DEBUG_ONLY(int old_macro_count = C->macro_count();)
@@ -3488,22 +3501,35 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::expand_macro_nodes() {
       }
     }
     assert(C->macro_count() == (old_macro_count - 1), "expansion must have deleted one node from macro list");
-    if (C->failing())  return true;
+    if (C->failing()) {
+      return false;
+    }
     C->print_method(PHASE_AFTER_MACRO_EXPANSION_STEP, 5, n);
 
-    // Clean up the graph so we're less likely to hit the maximum node
-    // limit
-    _igvn.set_delay_transform(false);
-    _igvn.optimize();
-    if (C->failing())  return true;
-    _igvn.set_delay_transform(true);
+    pending_expansions_to_cleanup++;
+    if (pending_expansions_to_cleanup < MacroExpansionCleanupCount &&
+        C->live_nodes() < macro_expansion_limit) {
+      // skip clean up
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (!cleanup_graph(_igvn)) {
+      return false; // failing
+    }
+    pending_expansions_to_cleanup = 0;
+  }
+
+  // Cleanup graph before expanding Allocate nodes.
+  if (pending_expansions_to_cleanup > 0) {
+    if (!cleanup_graph(_igvn)) {
+      return false; // failing
+    }
+    pending_expansions_to_cleanup = 0;
   }
 
   // All nodes except Allocate nodes are expanded now. There could be
   // new optimization opportunities (such as folding newly created
   // load from a just allocated object). Run IGVN.
 
-  // expand "macro" nodes
   // nodes are removed from the macro list as they are processed
   while (C->macro_count() > 0) {
     int macro_count = C->macro_count();
@@ -3515,10 +3541,8 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::expand_macro_nodes() {
       continue;
     }
     // Make sure expansion will not cause node limit to be exceeded.
-    // Worst case is a macro node gets expanded into about 200 nodes.
-    // Allow 50% more for optimization.
-    if (C->check_node_count(300, "out of nodes before macro expansion")) {
-      return true;
+    if (C->check_node_count(macro_expansion_estimate, "out of nodes before macro expansion")) {
+      return false;
     }
     switch (n->class_id()) {
     case Node::Class_Allocate:
@@ -3531,19 +3555,29 @@ bool PhaseMacroExpand::expand_macro_nodes() {
       assert(false, "unknown node type in macro list");
     }
     assert(C->macro_count() < macro_count, "must have deleted a node from macro list");
-    if (C->failing())  return true;
+    if (C->failing()) {
+      return false;
+    }
     C->print_method(PHASE_AFTER_MACRO_EXPANSION_STEP, 5, n);
 
-    // Clean up the graph so we're less likely to hit the maximum node
-    // limit
-    _igvn.set_delay_transform(false);
-    _igvn.optimize();
-    if (C->failing())  return true;
-    _igvn.set_delay_transform(true);
+    pending_expansions_to_cleanup++;
+    if (pending_expansions_to_cleanup < MacroExpansionCleanupCount &&
+        C->live_nodes() < macro_expansion_limit) {
+      // skip clean up
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (!cleanup_graph(_igvn)) {
+      return false; // failing
+    }
+    pending_expansions_to_cleanup = 0;
+  }
+  if (pending_expansions_to_cleanup > 0) {
+    if (!cleanup_graph(_igvn)) {
+      return false; // failing
+    }
   }
-
   _igvn.set_delay_transform(false);
-  return false;
+  return true;
 }
 
 #ifndef PRODUCT
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/macronodes/TestMacroExpansion.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/macronodes/TestMacroExpansion.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d47cd787ebb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/macronodes/TestMacroExpansion.java
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8390550
+ * @key stress
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @summary Test scalarized calls and entry points around calling convention limits.
+ * @library /test/lib /
+ * @run driver ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.macronodes;
+
+import compiler.lib.compile_framework.CompileFramework;
+import compiler.lib.template_framework.Template;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
+import jdk.test.lib.process.ProcessTools;
+
+import static compiler.lib.template_framework.Template.*;
+
+public class TestMacroExpansion {
+    private static final String GENERATED_CLASS_NAME = "GeneratedTest";
+    private static final String PACKAGE_NAME = "compiler.macronodes";
+    private static final String QUALIFIED_NAME = PACKAGE_NAME + "." + GENERATED_CLASS_NAME;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        CompileFramework compileFramework = new CompileFramework();
+        compileFramework.addJavaSourceCode(GENERATED_CLASS_NAME, generate());
+        compileFramework.compile();
+        String[] command = {
+                "-classpath",
+                compileFramework.getEscapedClassPathOfCompiledClasses(),
+                "-Xcomp",
+                "-XX:-TieredCompilation",
+                "-XX:CompileCommand=compileonly," + QUALIFIED_NAME + "::test",
+                "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions",
+                "-XX:VerifyIterativeGVN=1110",
+                QUALIFIED_NAME
+        };
+
+        OutputAnalyzer analyzer = ProcessTools.executeTestJava(command);
+        analyzer.shouldHaveExitValue(0);
+    }
+
+    static String generate() {
+        final int rows = 140;
+        final int args = 9;
+        return Template.make(() -> scope(
+                let("className", GENERATED_CLASS_NAME),
+                let("packageName", PACKAGE_NAME),
+                """
+                package #packageName;
+
+                public class #className {
+                    interface I {
+                    }
+
+                    public static void main(String[] args) {
+                        test();
+                    }
+
+                    static class A implements I {
+                    }
+
+                    static A a = new A();
+
+                    static Object[] arr;
+
+                """,
+                "    static void init(", repeatAndJoin(args, ", ", i -> scope("I i" + i)), ") {\n",
+                "        arr = new Object[] {", repeatAndJoin(args, ", ", i -> scope("i" + i)), "};\n",
+                """
+                    }
+
+                """,
+                repeatAndJoin(rows, "\n", rowIndex -> scope(
+               "    static Object ", repeatAndJoin(args, ", ", index -> scope( "o" + (index + rowIndex * args))), ";"
+            )), "\n",
+                """
+
+                    static void test() {
+                """,
+                repeatAndJoin(rows, "\n", rowIndex -> scope(
+               "        init(", repeatAndJoin(args, ", ", index -> scope( "(I)o" + (index + rowIndex * args))), ");"
+            )), "\n",
+                """
+                    }
+                }
+                """
+        )).render();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/macronodes/TestMacroExpansionCleanupCount.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/macronodes/TestMacroExpansionCleanupCount.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..29febbdfa31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/macronodes/TestMacroExpansionCleanupCount.java
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=min
+ * @bug 8390550
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @summary Test MacroExpansionCleanupCount flag minimum value
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:MacroExpansionCleanupCount=1 ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test id=max
+ * @bug 8390550
+ * @requires vm.compiler2.enabled
+ * @summary Test MacroExpansionCleanupCount flag maximum value
+ * @run main/othervm -Xcomp -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:MacroExpansionCleanupCount=100 ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+package compiler.macronodes;
+
+public class TestMacroExpansionCleanupCount {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        System.out.println("Test passed");
+    }
+}

From 372ce0802e8f88ed789bf37f2bb423453f4cf7d3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Coleen Phillimore <coleenp@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 24 Aug 2026 16:40:26 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 691/707] 8390917: NullPointerException test fails with new
 message

Reviewed-by: jsjolen, fparain
---
 .../NullPointerExceptionTest.java                     | 11 +++++++++--
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/exceptionMsgs/NullPointerException/NullPointerExceptionTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/exceptionMsgs/NullPointerException/NullPointerExceptionTest.java
index 399cda958db..01b74a1365d 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/exceptionMsgs/NullPointerException/NullPointerExceptionTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/exceptionMsgs/NullPointerException/NullPointerExceptionTest.java
@@ -111,8 +111,15 @@ public static void checkMessage(Throwable t, String expression,
         }
         if (obtainedMsg != expectedMsg && // E.g. both are null.
             !obtainedMsg.equals(expectedMsg)) {
-            System.out.println("expected msg: " + expectedMsg);
-            Asserts.assertEquals(expectedMsg, obtainedMsg);
+            try {
+                System.out.println("expected msg: " + expectedMsg);
+                Asserts.assertEquals(expectedMsg, obtainedMsg);
+            } catch (RuntimeException rte) {
+                // Due to lack of information about null restricted fields in Xcomp, we may also guess
+                // that that was the reason for the NPE.
+                Asserts.assertTrue(obtainedMsg.contains(expectedMsg) &&
+                                   obtainedMsg.contains("is a null restricted field and there's an attempt to store null in it"));
+            }
         }
         System.out.println("\n----");
     }

From 0cec602c8a5fe175a7d19a1729b7052a8ee27fd5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Coleen Phillimore <coleenp@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 24 Aug 2026 16:59:26 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 692/707] 8366417: Use InstanceKlass instead of Klass in
 jfieldIDWorkaround

Reviewed-by: jsjolen, iklam
---
 src/hotspot/share/prims/jni.cpp               | 55 ++++++++++---------
 .../share/runtime/jfieldIDWorkaround.hpp      |  4 +-
 2 files changed, 32 insertions(+), 27 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jni.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jni.cpp
index fa61bd74cb8..f989c6b2567 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/jni.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/jni.cpp
@@ -203,14 +203,14 @@ bool jfieldIDWorkaround::is_valid_jfieldID(Klass* k, jfieldID id) {
 }
 
 
-intptr_t jfieldIDWorkaround::encode_klass_hash(Klass* k, int offset) {
+intptr_t jfieldIDWorkaround::encode_klass_hash(InstanceKlass* k, int offset) {
   if (offset <= small_offset_mask) {
-    Klass* field_klass = k;
-    Klass* super_klass = field_klass->super();
+    InstanceKlass* field_klass = k;
+    InstanceKlass* super_klass = field_klass->super();
     // With compressed oops the most super class with nonstatic fields would
     // be the owner of fields embedded in the header.
-    while (InstanceKlass::cast(super_klass)->has_nonstatic_fields() &&
-           InstanceKlass::cast(super_klass)->contains_field_offset(offset)) {
+    while (super_klass->has_nonstatic_fields() &&
+           super_klass->contains_field_offset(offset)) {
       field_klass = super_klass;   // super contains the field also
       super_klass = field_klass->super();
     }
@@ -376,12 +376,13 @@ JNI_ENTRY(jmethodID, jni_FromReflectedMethod(JNIEnv *env, jobject method))
     mirror = java_lang_reflect_Method::clazz(reflected);
     slot   = java_lang_reflect_Method::slot(reflected);
   }
-  Klass* k1 = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(mirror);
+  // The mirror is always an InstanceKlass.
+  InstanceKlass* k1 = java_lang_Class::as_InstanceKlass(mirror);
 
   // Make sure class is initialized before handing id's out to methods
   k1->initialize(CHECK_NULL);
-  Method* m = InstanceKlass::cast(k1)->method_with_idnum(slot);
-  ret = m==nullptr? nullptr : m->jmethod_id();  // return null if reflected method deleted
+  Method* m = k1->method_with_idnum(slot);
+  ret = m == nullptr? nullptr : m->jmethod_id();  // return null if reflected method deleted
   return ret;
 JNI_END
 
@@ -397,7 +398,8 @@ JNI_ENTRY(jfieldID, jni_FromReflectedField(JNIEnv *env, jobject field))
   // field is a handle to a java.lang.reflect.Field object
   oop reflected   = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(field);
   oop mirror      = java_lang_reflect_Field::clazz(reflected);
-  Klass* k1       = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(mirror);
+  // The klass for the field is initialized as an InstanceKlass.
+  InstanceKlass* k1 = java_lang_Class::as_InstanceKlass(mirror);
   int slot        = java_lang_reflect_Field::slot(reflected);
   int modifiers   = java_lang_reflect_Field::modifiers(reflected);
 
@@ -406,8 +408,8 @@ JNI_ENTRY(jfieldID, jni_FromReflectedField(JNIEnv *env, jobject field))
 
   // First check if this is a static field
   if (modifiers & JVM_ACC_STATIC) {
-    int offset = InstanceKlass::cast(k1)->field_offset( slot );
-    JNIid* id = InstanceKlass::cast(k1)->jni_id_for(offset);
+    int offset = k1->field_offset( slot );
+    JNIid* id = k1->jni_id_for(offset);
     assert(id != nullptr, "corrupt Field object");
     DEBUG_ONLY(id->set_is_static_field_id();)
     // A jfieldID for a static field is a JNIid specifying the field holder and the offset within the Klass*
@@ -418,9 +420,9 @@ JNI_ENTRY(jfieldID, jni_FromReflectedField(JNIEnv *env, jobject field))
   // The slot is the index of the field description in the field-array
   // The jfieldID is the offset of the field within the object
   // It may also have hash bits for k, if VerifyJNIFields is turned on.
-  int offset = InstanceKlass::cast(k1)->field_offset( slot );
-  bool is_flat = InstanceKlass::cast(k1)->field_is_flat(slot);
-  assert(InstanceKlass::cast(k1)->contains_field_offset(offset), "stay within object");
+  int offset = k1->field_offset( slot );
+  bool is_flat = k1->field_is_flat(slot);
+  assert(k1->contains_field_offset(offset), "stay within object");
   ret = jfieldIDWorkaround::to_instance_jfieldID(k1, offset, is_flat);
   return ret;
 JNI_END
@@ -1762,17 +1764,19 @@ JNI_ENTRY(jfieldID, jni_GetFieldID(JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz,
   // Make sure class is initialized before handing id's out to fields
   k->initialize(CHECK_NULL);
 
-  fieldDescriptor fd;
-  if (!k->is_instance_klass() ||
-      !InstanceKlass::cast(k)->find_field(fieldname, signame, false, &fd)) {
-    ResourceMark rm;
-    THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoSuchFieldError(), err_msg("%s.%s %s", k->external_name(), name, sig));
+  if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
+    InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
+    fieldDescriptor fd;
+    if (ik->find_field(fieldname, signame, false, &fd)) {
+      // A jfieldID for a non-static field is simply the offset of the field within the instanceOop
+      // It may also have hash bits for k, if VerifyJNIFields is turned on.
+      return jfieldIDWorkaround::to_instance_jfieldID(ik, fd.offset(), fd.is_flat());
+    }
   }
 
-  // A jfieldID for a non-static field is simply the offset of the field within the instanceOop
-  // It may also have hash bits for k, if VerifyJNIFields is turned on.
-  ret = jfieldIDWorkaround::to_instance_jfieldID(k, fd.offset(), fd.is_flat());
-  return ret;
+  // Not an InstanceKlass or the field wasn't found.
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoSuchFieldError(), err_msg("%s.%s %s", k->external_name(), name, sig));
 JNI_END
 
 
@@ -1998,7 +2002,8 @@ JNI_ENTRY(jobject, jni_ToReflectedField(JNIEnv *env, jclass cls, jfieldID fieldI
 
   fieldDescriptor fd;
   bool found = false;
-  Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(cls));
+  // The klass for the field is initialized as an InstanceKlass.
+  InstanceKlass* k = java_lang_Class::as_InstanceKlass(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(cls));
 
   assert(jfieldIDWorkaround::is_static_jfieldID(fieldID) == (isStatic != 0), "invalid fieldID");
 
@@ -2010,7 +2015,7 @@ JNI_ENTRY(jobject, jni_ToReflectedField(JNIEnv *env, jclass cls, jfieldID fieldI
   } else {
     // Non-static field. The fieldID is really the offset of the field within the instanceOop.
     int offset = jfieldIDWorkaround::from_instance_jfieldID(k, fieldID);
-    found = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->find_field_from_offset(offset, false, &fd);
+    found = k->find_field_from_offset(offset, false, &fd);
   }
   assert(found, "bad fieldID passed into jni_ToReflectedField");
   oop reflected = Reflection::new_field(&fd, CHECK_NULL);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/jfieldIDWorkaround.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/jfieldIDWorkaround.hpp
index 44f109b3c35..9919b85183a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/jfieldIDWorkaround.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/jfieldIDWorkaround.hpp
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ class jfieldIDWorkaround: AllStatic {
     // the jfieldID is created with.
     return checked_cast<int>(result);
   }
-  static intptr_t encode_klass_hash(Klass* k, int offset);
+  static intptr_t encode_klass_hash(InstanceKlass* k, int offset);
   static bool             klass_hash_ok(Klass* k, jfieldID id);
   static void  verify_instance_jfieldID(Klass* k, jfieldID id);
 
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ class jfieldIDWorkaround: AllStatic {
     return ((as_uint & flat_mask_in_place) != 0);
   }
 
-  static jfieldID to_instance_jfieldID(Klass* k, int offset, bool is_flat) {
+  static jfieldID to_instance_jfieldID(InstanceKlass* k, int offset, bool is_flat) {
     intptr_t as_uint = ((offset & large_offset_mask) << offset_shift) |
                         instance_mask_in_place;
     if (is_flat) {

From 3cc0be653ba4c9bd4590a73812ee64c18b2f791b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dean Long <dlong@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 24 Aug 2026 20:22:39 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 693/707] 8390603: Remove obsolete thread transition states

Reviewed-by: dholmes, fbredberg, pchilanomate
---
 .../cpu/aarch64/downcallLinker_aarch64.cpp    |  2 +-
 .../cpu/aarch64/sharedRuntime_aarch64.cpp     |  9 +-------
 .../templateInterpreterGenerator_aarch64.cpp  |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/arm/sharedRuntime_arm.cpp     |  4 ++--
 .../arm/templateInterpreterGenerator_arm.cpp  |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/downcallLinker_ppc.cpp    |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/sharedRuntime_ppc.cpp     | 21 ++++-------------
 .../ppc/templateInterpreterGenerator_ppc.cpp  | 20 ++++------------
 .../cpu/riscv/downcallLinker_riscv.cpp        |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/sharedRuntime_riscv.cpp |  9 +-------
 .../templateInterpreterGenerator_riscv.cpp    |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/downcallLinker_s390.cpp  |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/s390/sharedRuntime_s390.cpp   | 16 ++++---------
 .../templateInterpreterGenerator_s390.cpp     | 20 ++++------------
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/downcallLinker_x86_64.cpp |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86_64.cpp  |  9 +-------
 .../x86/templateInterpreterGenerator_x86.cpp  |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/zero/zeroInterpreter_zero.cpp |  2 +-
 src/hotspot/share/prims/forte.cpp             |  5 ----
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp      | 11 +--------
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/safepoint.cpp       |  6 ++---
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.inline.hpp   |  6 -----
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmStructs.cpp       |  5 ----
 src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp  |  2 +-
 .../share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp     | 23 +++++--------------
 .../sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/JavaThread.java   | 20 ----------------
 .../jvm/hotspot/runtime/JavaThreadState.java  | 11 ---------
 27 files changed, 42 insertions(+), 175 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/downcallLinker_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/downcallLinker_aarch64.cpp
index 130d2949800..db0d5e007a0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/downcallLinker_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/downcallLinker_aarch64.cpp
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ void DowncallLinker::StubGenerator::generate() {
     // Restore cpu control state after JNI call
     __ restore_cpu_control_state_after_jni(rscratch1, tmp1);
 
-    __ mov(tmp1, _thread_in_native_trans);
+    __ mov(tmp1, _thread_in_vm);
     __ strw(tmp1, Address(rthread, JavaThread::thread_state_offset()));
 
     // Force this write out before the read below
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/sharedRuntime_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/sharedRuntime_aarch64.cpp
index cb14d3eada1..60065ab1940 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/sharedRuntime_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/sharedRuntime_aarch64.cpp
@@ -2047,14 +2047,7 @@ nmethod* SharedRuntime::generate_native_wrapper(MacroAssembler* masm,
 
   Label safepoint_in_progress, safepoint_in_progress_done;
 
-  // Switch thread to "native transition" state before reading the synchronization state.
-  // This additional state is necessary because reading and testing the synchronization
-  // state is not atomic w.r.t. GC, as this scenario demonstrates:
-  //     Java thread A, in _thread_in_native state, loads _not_synchronized and is preempted.
-  //     VM thread changes sync state to synchronizing and suspends threads for GC.
-  //     Thread A is resumed to finish this native method, but doesn't block here since it
-  //     didn't see any synchronization is progress, and escapes.
-  __ mov(rscratch1, _thread_in_native_trans);
+  __ mov(rscratch1, _thread_in_vm);
 
   __ strw(rscratch1, Address(rthread, JavaThread::thread_state_offset()));
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/templateInterpreterGenerator_aarch64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/templateInterpreterGenerator_aarch64.cpp
index dacb47d1594..9c53800dd34 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/templateInterpreterGenerator_aarch64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/templateInterpreterGenerator_aarch64.cpp
@@ -1422,7 +1422,7 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_native_entry(bool synchronized) {
   __ verify_sve_vector_length();
 
   // change thread state
-  __ mov(rscratch1, _thread_in_native_trans);
+  __ mov(rscratch1, _thread_in_vm);
   __ lea(rscratch2, Address(rthread, JavaThread::thread_state_offset()));
   __ stlrw(rscratch1, rscratch2);
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/sharedRuntime_arm.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/sharedRuntime_arm.cpp
index d471cf6ce33..593ba159aa7 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/sharedRuntime_arm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/sharedRuntime_arm.cpp
@@ -1263,9 +1263,9 @@ nmethod* SharedRuntime::generate_native_wrapper(MacroAssembler* masm,
     __ c2bool(R0);
   }
 
-  // Do a safepoint check while thread is in transition state
+  // Do a safepoint check
   Label call_safepoint_runtime, return_to_java;
-  __ mov(Rtemp, _thread_in_native_trans);
+  __ mov(Rtemp, _thread_in_vm);
   __ str_32(Rtemp, Address(Rthread, JavaThread::thread_state_offset()));
 
   // make sure the store is observed before reading the SafepointSynchronize state and further mem refs
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/templateInterpreterGenerator_arm.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/templateInterpreterGenerator_arm.cpp
index 6ecdc29cf45..99f30a8f266 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/templateInterpreterGenerator_arm.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/arm/templateInterpreterGenerator_arm.cpp
@@ -1014,7 +1014,7 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_native_entry(bool synchronized) {
   }
 
   // Do safepoint check
-  __ mov(Rtemp, _thread_in_native_trans);
+  __ mov(Rtemp, _thread_in_vm);
   __ str_32(Rtemp, Address(Rthread, JavaThread::thread_state_offset()));
 
   // Force this write out before the read below
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/downcallLinker_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/downcallLinker_ppc.cpp
index d149fc33ac3..d550c33b112 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/downcallLinker_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/downcallLinker_ppc.cpp
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ void DowncallLinker::StubGenerator::generate() {
   Label L_after_reguard;
 
   if (_needs_transition) {
-    __ li(tmp, _thread_in_native_trans);
+    __ li(tmp, _thread_in_vm);
     __ release();
     __ stw(tmp, in_bytes(JavaThread::thread_state_offset()), R16_thread);
     if (!UseSystemMemoryBarrier) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/sharedRuntime_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/sharedRuntime_ppc.cpp
index 364ed7de3b0..55393495387 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/sharedRuntime_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/sharedRuntime_ppc.cpp
@@ -2617,21 +2617,8 @@ nmethod *SharedRuntime::generate_native_wrapper(MacroAssembler *masm,
   }
 
   // Publish thread state
-  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-  // Switch thread to "native transition" state before reading the
-  // synchronization state. This additional state is necessary because reading
-  // and testing the synchronization state is not atomic w.r.t. GC, as this
-  // scenario demonstrates:
-  //   - Java thread A, in _thread_in_native state, loads _not_synchronized
-  //     and is preempted.
-  //   - VM thread changes sync state to synchronizing and suspends threads
-  //     for GC.
-  //   - Thread A is resumed to finish this native method, but doesn't block
-  //     here since it didn't see any synchronization in progress, and escapes.
-
-  // Transition from _thread_in_native to _thread_in_native_trans.
-  __ li(R0, _thread_in_native_trans);
+  // Transition from _thread_in_native to _thread_in_vm.
+  __ li(R0, _thread_in_vm);
   __ release();
   // TODO: PPC port assert(4 == JavaThread::sz_thread_state(), "unexpected field size");
   __ stw(R0, thread_(thread_state));
@@ -2682,10 +2669,10 @@ nmethod *SharedRuntime::generate_native_wrapper(MacroAssembler *masm,
     // Publish thread state.
     // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-    // Thread state is thread_in_native_trans. Any safepoint blocking has
+    // Thread state is _thread_in_vm. Any safepoint blocking has
     // already happened so we can now change state to _thread_in_Java.
 
-    // Transition from _thread_in_native_trans to _thread_in_Java.
+    // Transition from _thread_in_vm to _thread_in_Java.
     __ li(R0, _thread_in_Java);
     __ lwsync(); // Acquire safepoint and suspend state, release thread state.
     // TODO: PPC port assert(4 == JavaThread::sz_thread_state(), "unexpected field size");
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateInterpreterGenerator_ppc.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateInterpreterGenerator_ppc.cpp
index 0fee3439284..35042e841e6 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateInterpreterGenerator_ppc.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/ppc/templateInterpreterGenerator_ppc.cpp
@@ -1484,21 +1484,10 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_native_entry(bool synchronized) {
   // In order for GC to work, don't clear the last_Java_sp until after
   // blocking.
 
-  //=============================================================================
-  // Switch thread to "native transition" state before reading the
-  // synchronization state. This additional state is necessary
-  // because reading and testing the synchronization state is not
-  // atomic w.r.t. GC, as this scenario demonstrates: Java thread A,
-  // in _thread_in_native state, loads _not_synchronized and is
-  // preempted. VM thread changes sync state to synchronizing and
-  // suspends threads for GC. Thread A is resumed to finish this
-  // native method, but doesn't block here since it didn't see any
-  // synchronization in progress, and escapes.
-
   // We use release_store_fence to update values like the thread state, where
   // we don't want the current thread to continue until all our prior memory
   // accesses (including the new thread state) are visible to other threads.
-  __ li(R0/*thread_state*/, _thread_in_native_trans);
+  __ li(R0/*thread_state*/, _thread_in_vm);
   __ release();
   __ stw(R0/*thread_state*/, thread_(thread_state));
   if (!UseSystemMemoryBarrier) {
@@ -1506,9 +1495,8 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_native_entry(bool synchronized) {
   }
 
   // Now before we return to java we must look for a current safepoint
-  // (a new safepoint can not start since we entered native_trans).
-  // We must check here because a current safepoint could be modifying
-  // the callers registers right this moment.
+  // (a new safepoint can not start since we entered _thread_in_vm).
+  // We must check here because a current safepoint could be in progress.
 
   // Acquire isn't strictly necessary here because of the fence, but
   // sync_state is declared to be volatile, so we do it anyway
@@ -1538,7 +1526,7 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_native_entry(bool synchronized) {
   //=============================================================================
   // <<<<<< Back in Interpreter Frame >>>>>
 
-  // We are in thread_in_native_trans here and back in the normal
+  // We are in _thread_in_vm here and back in the normal
   // interpreter frame. We don't have to do anything special about
   // safepoints and we can switch to Java mode anytime we are ready.
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/downcallLinker_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/downcallLinker_riscv.cpp
index f9d7ce78ff0..b11abb912ee 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/downcallLinker_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/downcallLinker_riscv.cpp
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ void DowncallLinker::StubGenerator::generate() {
     __ restore_cpu_control_state_after_jni(t0);
 
     __ block_comment("{ thread native2java");
-    __ mv(t0, _thread_in_native_trans);
+    __ mv(t0, _thread_in_vm);
     __ sw(t0, Address(xthread, JavaThread::thread_state_offset()));
 
     // Force this write out before the read below
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/sharedRuntime_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/sharedRuntime_riscv.cpp
index ec0a5f5d9b3..f28230f23bc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/sharedRuntime_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/sharedRuntime_riscv.cpp
@@ -1817,14 +1817,7 @@ nmethod* SharedRuntime::generate_native_wrapper(MacroAssembler* masm,
 
   Label safepoint_in_progress, safepoint_in_progress_done;
 
-  // Switch thread to "native transition" state before reading the synchronization state.
-  // This additional state is necessary because reading and testing the synchronization
-  // state is not atomic w.r.t. GC, as this scenario demonstrates:
-  //     Java thread A, in _thread_in_native state, loads _not_synchronized and is preempted.
-  //     VM thread changes sync state to synchronizing and suspends threads for GC.
-  //     Thread A is resumed to finish this native method, but doesn't block here since it
-  //     didn't see any synchronization is progress, and escapes.
-  __ mv(t0, _thread_in_native_trans);
+  __ mv(t0, _thread_in_vm);
 
   __ sw(t0, Address(xthread, JavaThread::thread_state_offset()));
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/templateInterpreterGenerator_riscv.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/templateInterpreterGenerator_riscv.cpp
index b5b1b89ca72..ef23498da5c 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/templateInterpreterGenerator_riscv.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/riscv/templateInterpreterGenerator_riscv.cpp
@@ -1213,7 +1213,7 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_native_entry(bool synchronized) {
   // Force all preceding writes to be observed prior to thread state change
   __ membar(MacroAssembler::LoadStore | MacroAssembler::StoreStore);
 
-  __ mv(t0, _thread_in_native_trans);
+  __ mv(t0, _thread_in_vm);
   __ sw(t0, Address(xthread, JavaThread::thread_state_offset()));
 
   // Force this write out before the read below
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/downcallLinker_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/downcallLinker_s390.cpp
index f1c41d05b5c..4fe4c31567a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/downcallLinker_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/downcallLinker_s390.cpp
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ void DowncallLinker::StubGenerator::generate() {
 
   if (_needs_transition) {
     __ block_comment("thread_native2java {");
-    __ set_thread_state(_thread_in_native_trans);
+    __ set_thread_state(_thread_in_vm);
 
     if (!UseSystemMemoryBarrier) {
       __ z_fence(); // Order state change wrt. safepoint poll.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/sharedRuntime_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/sharedRuntime_s390.cpp
index 06b6b74c9fd..b6b22102d01 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/sharedRuntime_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/sharedRuntime_s390.cpp
@@ -2745,16 +2745,8 @@ nmethod *SharedRuntime::generate_native_wrapper(MacroAssembler *masm,
       break;
   }
 
-  // Switch thread to "native transition" state before reading the synchronization state.
-  // This additional state is necessary because reading and testing the synchronization
-  // state is not atomic w.r.t. GC, as this scenario demonstrates:
-  //   - Java thread A, in _thread_in_native state, loads _not_synchronized and is preempted.
-  //   - VM thread changes sync state to synchronizing and suspends threads for GC.
-  //   - Thread A is resumed to finish this native method, but doesn't block here since it
-  //     didn't see any synchronization in progress, and escapes.
-
-  // Transition from _thread_in_native to _thread_in_native_trans.
-  __ set_thread_state(_thread_in_native_trans);
+  // Transition from _thread_in_native to _thread_in_vm.
+  __ set_thread_state(_thread_in_vm);
 
   // Safepoint synchronization
   //--------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -2795,10 +2787,10 @@ nmethod *SharedRuntime::generate_native_wrapper(MacroAssembler *masm,
   }
 
   //--------------------------------------------------------------------
-  // Thread state is thread_in_native_trans. Any safepoint blocking has
+  // Thread state is _thread_in_vm. Any safepoint blocking has
   // already happened so we can now change state to _thread_in_Java.
   //--------------------------------------------------------------------
-  // Transition from _thread_in_native_trans to _thread_in_Java.
+  // Transition from _thread_in_vm to _thread_in_Java.
   __ set_thread_state(_thread_in_Java);
 
   // Check preemption for Object.wait()
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateInterpreterGenerator_s390.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateInterpreterGenerator_s390.cpp
index 8e235a8c3c8..c0a1b06954d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateInterpreterGenerator_s390.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/s390/templateInterpreterGenerator_s390.cpp
@@ -1575,26 +1575,14 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_native_entry(bool synchronized) {
   // In order for GC to work, don't clear the last_Java_sp until after
   // blocking.
 
-  //=============================================================================
-  // Switch thread to "native transition" state before reading the
-  // synchronization state. This additional state is necessary
-  // because reading and testing the synchronization state is not
-  // atomic w.r.t. GC, as this scenario demonstrates: Java thread A,
-  // in _thread_in_native state, loads _not_synchronized and is
-  // preempted. VM thread changes sync state to synchronizing and
-  // suspends threads for GC. Thread A is resumed to finish this
-  // native method, but doesn't block here since it didn't see any
-  // synchronization is progress, and escapes.
-
-  __ set_thread_state(_thread_in_native_trans);
+  __ set_thread_state(_thread_in_vm);
   if (!UseSystemMemoryBarrier) {
     __ z_fence();
   }
 
   // Now before we return to java we must look for a current safepoint
-  // (a new safepoint can not start since we entered native_trans).
-  // We must check here because a current safepoint could be modifying
-  // the callers registers right this moment.
+  // (a new safepoint can not start since we entered _thread_in_vm).
+  // We must check here because a current safepoint could be in progress.
 
   // Check for safepoint operation in progress and/or pending suspend requests.
   {
@@ -1612,7 +1600,7 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_native_entry(bool synchronized) {
   //=============================================================================
   // Back in Interpreter Frame.
 
-  // We are in thread_in_native_trans here and back in the normal
+  // We are in _thread_in_vm here and back in the normal
   // interpreter frame. We don't have to do anything special about
   // safepoints and we can switch to Java mode anytime we are ready.
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/downcallLinker_x86_64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/downcallLinker_x86_64.cpp
index e3bf5f17fe9..2480e68e7b8 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/downcallLinker_x86_64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/downcallLinker_x86_64.cpp
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ void DowncallLinker::StubGenerator::generate() {
     __ block_comment("{ thread native2java");
     __ restore_cpu_control_state_after_jni(rscratch1);
 
-    __ movl(Address(r15_thread, JavaThread::thread_state_offset()), _thread_in_native_trans);
+    __ movl(Address(r15_thread, JavaThread::thread_state_offset()), _thread_in_vm);
 
     // Force this write out before the read below
     if (!UseSystemMemoryBarrier) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86_64.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86_64.cpp
index 37df7acf942..8d257565c93 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86_64.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/sharedRuntime_x86_64.cpp
@@ -2456,14 +2456,7 @@ nmethod* SharedRuntime::generate_native_wrapper(MacroAssembler* masm,
   default       : ShouldNotReachHere();
   }
 
-  // Switch thread to "native transition" state before reading the synchronization state.
-  // This additional state is necessary because reading and testing the synchronization
-  // state is not atomic w.r.t. GC, as this scenario demonstrates:
-  //     Java thread A, in _thread_in_native state, loads _not_synchronized and is preempted.
-  //     VM thread changes sync state to synchronizing and suspends threads for GC.
-  //     Thread A is resumed to finish this native method, but doesn't block here since it
-  //     didn't see any synchronization is progress, and escapes.
-  __ movl(Address(r15_thread, JavaThread::thread_state_offset()), _thread_in_native_trans);
+  __ movl(Address(r15_thread, JavaThread::thread_state_offset()), _thread_in_vm);
 
   // Force this write out before the read below
   if (!UseSystemMemoryBarrier) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/templateInterpreterGenerator_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/templateInterpreterGenerator_x86.cpp
index 7da01709d72..631d23801d3 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/templateInterpreterGenerator_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/templateInterpreterGenerator_x86.cpp
@@ -956,7 +956,7 @@ address TemplateInterpreterGenerator::generate_native_entry(bool synchronized) {
 
   // change thread state
   __ movl(Address(thread, JavaThread::thread_state_offset()),
-          _thread_in_native_trans);
+          _thread_in_vm);
 
   // Force this write out before the read below
   if (!UseSystemMemoryBarrier) {
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/zeroInterpreter_zero.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/zeroInterpreter_zero.cpp
index 810d9db8d58..89a021ddb29 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/zeroInterpreter_zero.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/zero/zeroInterpreter_zero.cpp
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ int ZeroInterpreter::native_entry(Method* method, intptr_t UNUSED, TRAPS) {
   // ThreadStateTransition::transition_from_native() cannot be used
   // here because it does not check for asynchronous exceptions.
   // We have to manage the transition ourself.
-  thread->set_thread_state_fence(_thread_in_native_trans);
+  thread->set_thread_state_fence(_thread_in_vm);
 
   // Handle safepoint operations, pending suspend requests,
   // and pending asynchronous exceptions.
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/prims/forte.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/prims/forte.cpp
index 10e8b45dc75..0e0f0e8a6e2 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/prims/forte.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/prims/forte.cpp
@@ -612,17 +612,13 @@ void AsyncGetCallTrace(ASGCT_CallTrace *trace, jint depth, void* ucontext) {
   switch (thread->thread_state()) {
   case _thread_new:
   case _thread_uninitialized:
-  case _thread_new_trans:
     // We found the thread on the threads list above, but it is too
     // young to be useful so return that there are no Java frames.
     trace->num_frames = 0;
     break;
   case _thread_in_native:
-  case _thread_in_native_trans:
   case _thread_blocked:
-  case _thread_blocked_trans:
   case _thread_in_vm:
-  case _thread_in_vm_trans:
     {
       frame fr;
 
@@ -648,7 +644,6 @@ void AsyncGetCallTrace(ASGCT_CallTrace *trace, jint depth, void* ucontext) {
     }
     break;
   case _thread_in_Java:
-  case _thread_in_Java_trans:
     {
       frame fr;
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp
index 8e5fde069c6..fc593b7f436 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.cpp
@@ -1099,14 +1099,10 @@ void JavaThread::verify_not_published() {
 // Slow path when the native==>Java barriers detect a safepoint/handshake is
 // pending, when _suspend_flags is non-zero or when we need to process a stack
 // watermark. Also check for pending async exceptions (except unsafe access error).
-// Note only the native==>Java barriers can call this function when thread state
-// is _thread_in_native_trans.
 void JavaThread::check_special_condition_for_native_trans(JavaThread *thread) {
-  assert(thread->thread_state() == _thread_in_native_trans, "wrong state");
+  assert(thread->thread_state() == _thread_in_vm, "wrong state");
   assert(!thread->has_last_Java_frame() || thread->frame_anchor()->walkable(), "Unwalkable stack in native->Java transition");
 
-  thread->set_thread_state(_thread_in_vm);
-
   // Enable WXWrite: called directly from interpreter native wrapper.
   MACOS_AARCH64_ONLY(ThreadWXEnable wx(WXWrite, thread));
 
@@ -1333,15 +1329,10 @@ static const char* _get_thread_state_name(JavaThreadState _thread_state) {
   switch (_thread_state) {
   case _thread_uninitialized:     return "_thread_uninitialized";
   case _thread_new:               return "_thread_new";
-  case _thread_new_trans:         return "_thread_new_trans";
   case _thread_in_native:         return "_thread_in_native";
-  case _thread_in_native_trans:   return "_thread_in_native_trans";
   case _thread_in_vm:             return "_thread_in_vm";
-  case _thread_in_vm_trans:       return "_thread_in_vm_trans";
   case _thread_in_Java:           return "_thread_in_Java";
-  case _thread_in_Java_trans:     return "_thread_in_Java_trans";
   case _thread_blocked:           return "_thread_blocked";
-  case _thread_blocked_trans:     return "_thread_blocked_trans";
   default:                        return "unknown thread state";
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/safepoint.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/safepoint.cpp
index 5f01b7ac311..85ae8b800f5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/safepoint.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/safepoint.cpp
@@ -297,9 +297,9 @@ void SafepointSynchronize::arm_safepoint() {
   //  4. Blocked
   //     A thread which is blocked will not be allowed to return from the
   //     block condition until the safepoint operation is complete.
-  //  5. In VM or Transitioning between states
-  //     If a Java thread is currently running in the VM or transitioning
-  //     between states, the safepointing code will poll the thread state
+  //  5. In VM
+  //     If a Java thread is currently running in the VM,
+  //     the safepointing code will poll the thread state
   //     until the thread blocks itself when it attempts transitions to a
   //     new state or locking a safepoint checked monitor.
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.inline.hpp
index b3e7b2800c5..58d06771eb5 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vframe.inline.hpp
@@ -235,12 +235,6 @@ inline bool vframeStreamCommon::fill_from_frame() {
 
         JavaThreadState state = _thread != nullptr ? _thread->thread_state() : _thread_in_Java;
 
-        // in_Java should be good enough to test safepoint safety
-        // if state were say in_Java_trans then we'd expect that
-        // the pc would have already been slightly adjusted to
-        // one that would produce a pcDesc since the trans state
-        // would be one that might in fact anticipate a safepoint
-
         if (state == _thread_in_Java ) {
           // This will get a method a zero bci and no inlining.
           // Might be nice to have a unique bci to signify this
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmStructs.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmStructs.cpp
index 20245684710..3196b6f31ef 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmStructs.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/vmStructs.cpp
@@ -1372,15 +1372,10 @@
                                                                           \
   declare_constant(_thread_uninitialized)                                 \
   declare_constant(_thread_new)                                           \
-  declare_constant(_thread_new_trans)                                     \
   declare_constant(_thread_in_native)                                     \
-  declare_constant(_thread_in_native_trans)                               \
   declare_constant(_thread_in_vm)                                         \
-  declare_constant(_thread_in_vm_trans)                                   \
   declare_constant(_thread_in_Java)                                       \
-  declare_constant(_thread_in_Java_trans)                                 \
   declare_constant(_thread_blocked)                                       \
-  declare_constant(_thread_blocked_trans)                                 \
   declare_constant(JavaThread::_not_terminated)                           \
   declare_constant(JavaThread::_thread_exiting)                           \
                                                                           \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp
index 5c9e6ad166a..6e18732284b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/services/threadService.cpp
@@ -1095,7 +1095,7 @@ ThreadsListEnumerator::ThreadsListEnumerator(Thread* cur_thread,
   for (JavaThreadIteratorWithHandle jtiwh; JavaThread *jt = jtiwh.next(); ) {
     // skips JavaThreads in the process of exiting
     // and also skips VM internal JavaThreads
-    // Threads in _thread_new or _thread_new_trans state are included.
+    // Threads in _thread_new state are included.
     // i.e. threads have been started but not yet running.
     if (jt->threadObj() == nullptr   ||
         jt->is_exiting() ||
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp
index 5e6a7c04a0b..6d3421bd2cf 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp
@@ -1018,25 +1018,14 @@ TosState as_TosState(BasicType type);
 //  _thread_in_vm       : Executing in the vm
 //  _thread_in_Java     : Executing either interpreted or compiled Java code (or could be in a stub)
 //
-// Each state has an associated xxxx_trans state, which is an intermediate state used when a thread is in
-// a transition from one state to another. These extra states makes it possible for the safepoint code to
-// handle certain thread_states without having to suspend the thread - making the safepoint code faster.
-//
-// Given a state, the xxxx_trans state can always be found by adding 1.
-//
 enum JavaThreadState {
   _thread_uninitialized     =  0, // should never happen (missing initialization)
-  _thread_new               =  2, // just starting up, i.e., in process of being initialized
-  _thread_new_trans         =  3, // corresponding transition state (not used, included for completeness)
-  _thread_in_native         =  4, // running in native code
-  _thread_in_native_trans   =  5, // corresponding transition state
-  _thread_in_vm             =  6, // running in VM
-  _thread_in_vm_trans       =  7, // corresponding transition state
-  _thread_in_Java           =  8, // running in Java or in stub code
-  _thread_in_Java_trans     =  9, // corresponding transition state (not used, included for completeness)
-  _thread_blocked           = 10, // blocked in vm
-  _thread_blocked_trans     = 11, // corresponding transition state
-  _thread_max_state         = 12  // maximum thread state+1 - used for statistics allocation
+  _thread_new                   , // just starting up, i.e., in process of being initialized
+  _thread_in_native             , // running in native code
+  _thread_in_vm                 , // running in VM
+  _thread_in_Java               , // running in Java or in stub code
+  _thread_blocked               , // blocked in vm
+  _thread_max_state               // maximum thread state+1 - used for statistics allocation
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/JavaThread.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/JavaThread.java
index c18bcf8cd37..acff2c2643e 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/JavaThread.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/JavaThread.java
@@ -58,15 +58,10 @@ public class JavaThread extends Thread {
   // JavaThreadStates read from underlying process
   private static int           UNINITIALIZED;
   private static int           NEW;
-  private static int           NEW_TRANS;
   private static int           IN_NATIVE;
-  private static int           IN_NATIVE_TRANS;
   private static int           IN_VM;
-  private static int           IN_VM_TRANS;
   private static int           IN_JAVA;
-  private static int           IN_JAVA_TRANS;
   private static int           BLOCKED;
-  private static int           BLOCKED_TRANS;
 
   private static int           NOT_TERMINATED;
   private static int           EXITING;
@@ -106,15 +101,10 @@ private static synchronized void initialize(TypeDataBase db) {
 
     UNINITIALIZED     = db.lookupIntConstant("_thread_uninitialized").intValue();
     NEW               = db.lookupIntConstant("_thread_new").intValue();
-    NEW_TRANS         = db.lookupIntConstant("_thread_new_trans").intValue();
     IN_NATIVE         = db.lookupIntConstant("_thread_in_native").intValue();
-    IN_NATIVE_TRANS   = db.lookupIntConstant("_thread_in_native_trans").intValue();
     IN_VM             = db.lookupIntConstant("_thread_in_vm").intValue();
-    IN_VM_TRANS       = db.lookupIntConstant("_thread_in_vm_trans").intValue();
     IN_JAVA           = db.lookupIntConstant("_thread_in_Java").intValue();
-    IN_JAVA_TRANS     = db.lookupIntConstant("_thread_in_Java_trans").intValue();
     BLOCKED           = db.lookupIntConstant("_thread_blocked").intValue();
-    BLOCKED_TRANS     = db.lookupIntConstant("_thread_blocked_trans").intValue();
 
     NOT_TERMINATED    = db.lookupIntConstant("JavaThread::_not_terminated").intValue();
     EXITING           = db.lookupIntConstant("JavaThread::_thread_exiting").intValue();
@@ -293,24 +283,14 @@ public JavaThreadState getThreadState() {
       return JavaThreadState.UNINITIALIZED;
     } else if (val == NEW) {
       return JavaThreadState.NEW;
-    } else if (val == NEW_TRANS) {
-      return JavaThreadState.NEW_TRANS;
     } else if (val == IN_NATIVE) {
       return JavaThreadState.IN_NATIVE;
-    } else if (val == IN_NATIVE_TRANS) {
-      return JavaThreadState.IN_NATIVE_TRANS;
     } else if (val == IN_VM) {
       return JavaThreadState.IN_VM;
-    } else if (val == IN_VM_TRANS) {
-      return JavaThreadState.IN_VM_TRANS;
     } else if (val == IN_JAVA) {
       return JavaThreadState.IN_JAVA;
-    } else if (val == IN_JAVA_TRANS) {
-      return JavaThreadState.IN_JAVA_TRANS;
     } else if (val == BLOCKED) {
       return JavaThreadState.BLOCKED;
-    } else if (val == BLOCKED_TRANS) {
-      return JavaThreadState.BLOCKED_TRANS;
     } else {
       throw new RuntimeException("Illegal thread state " + val);
     }
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/JavaThreadState.java b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/JavaThreadState.java
index a89f61369c9..52b1e193218 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/JavaThreadState.java
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/share/classes/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/JavaThreadState.java
@@ -35,25 +35,14 @@ public class JavaThreadState {
   public static final JavaThreadState UNINITIALIZED     = new JavaThreadState("UNINITIALIZED");
   /** Just starting up, i.e., in process of being initialized */
   public static final JavaThreadState NEW               = new JavaThreadState("NEW");
-  /** Corresponding transition state (not used, included for completeness) */
-  public static final JavaThreadState NEW_TRANS         = new JavaThreadState("NEW_TRANS");
   /** Running in native code */
   public static final JavaThreadState IN_NATIVE         = new JavaThreadState("IN_NATIVE");
-  /** Corresponding transition state */
-  public static final JavaThreadState IN_NATIVE_TRANS   = new JavaThreadState("IN_NATIVE_TRANS");
   /** Running in VM */
   public static final JavaThreadState IN_VM             = new JavaThreadState("IN_VM");
-  /** Corresponding transition state */
-  public static final JavaThreadState IN_VM_TRANS       = new JavaThreadState("IN_VM_TRANS");
   /** Running in Java or in stub code */
   public static final JavaThreadState IN_JAVA           = new JavaThreadState("IN_JAVA");
-  /** Corresponding transition state (not used, included for completeness) */
-  public static final JavaThreadState IN_JAVA_TRANS     = new JavaThreadState("IN_JAVA_TRANS");
   /** Blocked in vm */
   public static final JavaThreadState BLOCKED           = new JavaThreadState("BLOCKED");
-  /** Corresponding transition state   */
-  public static final JavaThreadState BLOCKED_TRANS     = new JavaThreadState("BLOCKED_TRANS");
-  /** Special state needed, since we cannot suspend a thread when it is in native_trans */
 
   private JavaThreadState(String stringVal) {
     this.stringVal = stringVal;

From 9255c103d0fec0c61904a6214053591b91a6c14e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Srinivas Vamsi Parasa <sparasa@openjdk.org>
Date: Mon, 24 Aug 2026 21:15:53 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 694/707] 8381640: Enable UseAPX as a product feature

Reviewed-by: sviswanathan, drwhite, kvn
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/globals_x86.hpp    | 2 +-
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp | 3 +--
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/globals_x86.hpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/globals_x86.hpp
index c41be7a6772..66ed3abd0cc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/globals_x86.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/globals_x86.hpp
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ define_pd_global(bool, InlineTypeReturnedAsFields, true);
           "Highest supported AVX instructions set on x86/x64")              \
           range(0, 3)                                                       \
                                                                             \
-  product(bool, UseAPX, false, EXPERIMENTAL,                                \
+  product(bool, UseAPX, false,                                              \
           "Use Intel Advanced Performance Extensions")                      \
                                                                             \
   product(bool, UseKNLSetting, false, DIAGNOSTIC,                           \
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
index bc882f39586..12cdadf026b 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/vm_version_x86.cpp
@@ -1061,8 +1061,7 @@ void VM_Version::get_processor_features() {
   // Currently APX support is only enabled for targets supporting AVX512VL feature.
   if (supports_apx_f() && os_supports_apx_egprs() && supports_avx512vl()) {
     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseAPX)) {
-      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAPX, false); // by default UseAPX is false
-      clear_feature(CPU_APX_F);
+      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAPX, true); // by default UseAPX is false; enable if supported.
     } else if (!UseAPX) {
       clear_feature(CPU_APX_F);
     }

From fd596940e81dd79a00f6f6360ae63a1c15eddf91 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Chen Liang <liach@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 25 Aug 2026 00:02:10 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 695/707] 8388310: AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater does not perform
 a substitutability check

Reviewed-by: vklang, alanb
---
 .../atomic/AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.java   |   4 +-
 ...cReferenceFieldUpdaterValueObjectTest.java | 143 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 145 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicReferenceFieldUpdaterValueObjectTest.java

diff --git a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.java b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.java
index 3d47e8e323a..0ee59922b01 100644
--- a/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.java
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.java
@@ -449,14 +449,14 @@ static void throwCCE() {
         public final boolean compareAndSet(T obj, V expect, V update) {
             accessCheck(obj);
             valueCheck(update);
-            return U.compareAndSetReference(obj, offset, expect, update);
+            return U.compareAndSetReference(obj, offset, vclass, expect, update);
         }
 
         public final boolean weakCompareAndSet(T obj, V expect, V update) {
             // same implementation as strong form for now
             accessCheck(obj);
             valueCheck(update);
-            return U.compareAndSetReference(obj, offset, expect, update);
+            return U.compareAndSetReference(obj, offset, vclass, expect, update);
         }
 
         public final void set(T obj, V newValue) {
diff --git a/test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicReferenceFieldUpdaterValueObjectTest.java b/test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicReferenceFieldUpdaterValueObjectTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ee31ee8b0b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/jdk/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicReferenceFieldUpdaterValueObjectTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8388310
+ * @summary AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater does not perform a substitutability check
+ * @enablePreview
+ * @run junit ${test.main.class}
+ */
+
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+public class AtomicReferenceFieldUpdaterValueObjectTest {
+    volatile Integer x = null;
+
+    static AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater<AtomicReferenceFieldUpdaterValueObjectTest, Integer> updaterFor(String fieldName) {
+        return AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater
+            (AtomicReferenceFieldUpdaterValueObjectTest.class, Integer.class, fieldName);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * get returns the last value set or assigned
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testGetSet() {
+        AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater<AtomicReferenceFieldUpdaterValueObjectTest, Integer> a;
+        a = updaterFor("x");
+        x = new Integer(1);
+        assertSame(new Integer(1), a.get(this));
+        a.set(this, new Integer(2));
+        assertSame(new Integer(2), a.get(this));
+        a.set(this, new Integer(-3));
+        assertSame(new Integer(-3), a.get(this));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * get returns the last value lazySet by same thread
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testGetLazySet() {
+        AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater<AtomicReferenceFieldUpdaterValueObjectTest, Integer> a;
+        a = updaterFor("x");
+        x = new Integer(1);
+        assertSame(new Integer(1), a.get(this));
+        a.lazySet(this, new Integer(2));
+        assertSame(new Integer(2), a.get(this));
+        a.lazySet(this, new Integer(-3));
+        assertSame(new Integer(-3), a.get(this));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * compareAndSet succeeds in changing value if same as expected else fails
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testCompareAndSet() {
+        AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater<AtomicReferenceFieldUpdaterValueObjectTest, Integer> a;
+        a = updaterFor("x");
+        x = new Integer(1);
+        assertTrue(a.compareAndSet(this, new Integer(1), new Integer(2)));
+        assertTrue(a.compareAndSet(this, new Integer(2), new Integer(-4)));
+        assertSame(new Integer(-4), a.get(this));
+        assertFalse(a.compareAndSet(this, new Integer(-5), new Integer(7)));
+        assertNotSame(new Integer(7), a.get(this));
+        assertSame(new Integer(-4), a.get(this));
+        assertTrue(a.compareAndSet(this, new Integer(-4), new Integer(7)));
+        assertSame(new Integer(7), a.get(this));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * compareAndSet in new Integer(1) thread enables another waiting for value
+     * to succeed
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testCompareAndSetInMultipleThreads() throws Exception {
+        x = new Integer(1);
+        final AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater<AtomicReferenceFieldUpdaterValueObjectTest, Integer> a;
+        a = updaterFor("x");
+
+        Thread t = Thread.startVirtualThread(() -> {
+            while (!a.compareAndSet(AtomicReferenceFieldUpdaterValueObjectTest.this, new Integer(2), new Integer(3)))
+                Thread.yield();
+        });
+
+        assertTrue(a.compareAndSet(this, new Integer(1), new Integer(2)));
+        t.join();
+        assertFalse(t.isAlive());
+        assertSame(new Integer(3), a.get(this));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * repeated weakCompareAndSet succeeds in changing value when same as expected
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testWeakCompareAndSet() {
+        AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater<AtomicReferenceFieldUpdaterValueObjectTest, Integer> a;
+        a = updaterFor("x");
+        x = new Integer(1);
+        do {} while (!a.weakCompareAndSet(this, new Integer(1), new Integer(2)));
+        do {} while (!a.weakCompareAndSet(this, new Integer(2), new Integer(-4)));
+        assertSame(new Integer(-4), a.get(this));
+        do {} while (!a.weakCompareAndSet(this, new Integer(-4), new Integer(7)));
+        assertSame(new Integer(7), a.get(this));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * getAndSet returns previous value and sets to given value
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testGetAndSet() {
+        AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater<AtomicReferenceFieldUpdaterValueObjectTest, Integer> a;
+        a = updaterFor("x");
+        x = new Integer(1);
+        assertSame(new Integer(1), a.getAndSet(this, new Integer(0)));
+        assertSame(new Integer(0), a.getAndSet(this, new Integer(-10)));
+        assertSame(new Integer(-10), a.getAndSet(this, new Integer(1)));
+    }
+
+}

From 31b9dadce4eb25e3c2eb4d3073af4353f0fe320b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Shiv Shah <shiv.shah@oracle.com>
Date: Tue, 25 Aug 2026 02:49:22 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 696/707] 8390334: Remove deprecated println() method from
 nsk.share.Log

Reviewed-by: cjplummer, coleenp, sspitsyn, dholmes
---
 .../nsk/jdb/hidden_class/hc001/hc001.java     | 68 +++++++++----------
 .../nsk/jdb/hidden_class/hc001/hc001a.java    |  2 +-
 .../connect/connect001/connect001.java        |  4 +-
 .../connect/connect002/connect002.java        |  4 +-
 .../connect/connect003/connect003.java        |  4 +-
 .../connect/connect004/connect004.java        |  4 +-
 .../connect/connect005/connect005.java        |  4 +-
 .../plugAttachConnect001.java                 |  4 +-
 .../plugAttachConnect002.java                 |  4 +-
 .../plugAttachConnect003.java                 |  4 +-
 .../plugLaunchConnect001.java                 |  4 +-
 .../plugLaunchConnect002.java                 |  4 +-
 .../plugLaunchConnect003.java                 |  4 +-
 .../plugListenConnect001.java                 |  4 +-
 .../plugListenConnect002.java                 |  4 +-
 .../plugListenConnect003.java                 |  4 +-
 .../plugMultiConnect001.java                  |  4 +-
 .../plugMultiConnect002.java                  |  4 +-
 .../plugMultiConnect003.java                  |  4 +-
 .../plugMultiConnect004.java                  |  4 +-
 .../plugMultiConnect005.java                  |  4 +-
 .../plugMultiConnect006.java                  |  4 +-
 .../transportService001.java                  |  4 +-
 .../transportService002.java                  |  4 +-
 .../transportService003.java                  |  4 +-
 .../jdi/ReferenceType/equals/equals001.java   |  4 +-
 .../jdi/ReferenceType/equals/equals002.java   |  2 +-
 .../failedToInitialize/failedtoinit002.java   |  2 +-
 .../jdi/ReferenceType/fields/fields001.java   |  4 +-
 .../jdi/ReferenceType/fields/fields003.java   |  2 +-
 .../jdi/ReferenceType/fields/fields004.java   |  4 +-
 .../genericSignature/genericSignature001.java |  4 +-
 .../genericSignature001a.java                 |  4 +-
 .../genericSignature/genericSignature002.java |  4 +-
 .../genericSignature002a.java                 |  4 +-
 .../ReferenceType/hashCode/hashcode001.java   |  4 +-
 .../ReferenceType/hashCode/hashcode002.java   |  2 +-
 .../isAbstract/isabstract002.java             |  2 +-
 .../isInitialized/isinit001.java              |  4 +-
 .../isInitialized/isinit002.java              |  2 +-
 .../isPrepared/isprepared001.java             |  4 +-
 .../isPrepared/isprepared002.java             |  2 +-
 .../isVerified/isverified002.java             |  2 +-
 .../jdi/ReferenceType/methods/methods001.java |  4 +-
 .../jdi/ReferenceType/methods/methods003.java |  2 +-
 .../jdi/ReferenceType/methods/methods004.java |  4 +-
 .../methodsByName_ss/methbyname_ss003.java    |  2 +-
 .../nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/name/name001.java   |  4 +-
 .../nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/name/name002.java   |  2 +-
 .../sourceName/sourcename001.java             |  4 +-
 .../sourceName/sourcename002.java             |  2 +-
 .../sourceName/sourcename003.java             |  2 +-
 .../genericSignature/genericSignature001.java |  4 +-
 .../genericSignature001a.java                 |  4 +-
 .../genericSignature/genericSignature002.java |  4 +-
 .../genericSignature002a.java                 |  4 +-
 .../createVirtualMachine/createVM001.java     |  4 +-
 .../createVirtualMachine/createVM002.java     |  4 +-
 .../createVirtualMachine/createVM003.java     |  4 +-
 .../createVirtualMachine/createVM004.java     |  4 +-
 .../createVirtualMachine/createVM005.java     |  4 +-
 .../jdwp/Event/CLASS_UNLOAD/clsunload001.java |  4 +-
 .../ForceGarbageCollection/forcegc001.java    |  6 +-
 .../hotswap/HS104/hs104t002/hs104t002.java    | 10 +--
 .../hotswap/HS202/hs202t002/hs202t002.java    |  4 +-
 .../hotswap/HS203/hs203t001/hs203t001.java    |  2 +-
 .../hotswap/HS203/hs203t002/hs203t002.java    |  4 +-
 .../hotswap/HS301/hs301t001/hs301t001.java    | 10 +--
 .../hotswap/HS302/hs302t002/hs302t002.java    |  8 +--
 .../hotswap/HS302/hs302t003/hs302t003.java    |  8 +--
 .../hotswap/HS302/hs302t004/hs302t004.java    | 12 ++--
 .../hotswap/HS302/hs302t005/hs302t005.java    | 10 +--
 .../hotswap/HS302/hs302t006/hs302t006.java    |  4 +-
 .../hotswap/HS302/hs302t007/hs302t007.java    | 10 +--
 .../hotswap/HS302/hs302t008/hs302t008.java    | 10 +--
 .../hotswap/HS302/hs302t011/hs302t011.java    |  6 +-
 .../hotswap/HS302/hs302t012/hs302t012.java    |  6 +-
 .../vmTestbase/nsk/share/IORedirector.java    |  4 +-
 .../jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/Log.java       | 19 +-----
 .../vmTestbase/nsk/share/jdb/JdbTest.java     |  2 +-
 80 files changed, 203 insertions(+), 216 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/hidden_class/hc001/hc001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/hidden_class/hc001/hc001.java
index a7c74e28aae..9a818d01832 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/hidden_class/hc001/hc001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/hidden_class/hc001/hc001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -88,33 +88,33 @@ static void throwFailure(String msg) throws Failure {
     private String runPrologue() {
         String[] reply = null;
 
-        log.println("\n### Debugger: runPrologue");
+        log.display("\n### Debugger: runPrologue");
 
         // uncomment this line to enable verbose output from jdb
         // log.enableVerbose(true);
 
         // run jdb command "stop in"
         jdb.setBreakpointInMethod(EMPTY_METHOD_NAME);
-        log.println("\nDebugger: breakpoint is set at:\n\t" + EMPTY_METHOD_NAME);
+        log.display("\nDebugger: breakpoint is set at:\n\t" + EMPTY_METHOD_NAME);
 
         // run jdb command "cont"
         reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.cont);
         if (!jdb.isAtBreakpoint(reply, EMPTY_METHOD_NAME)) {
             throwFailure("Debugger: Missed breakpoint at:\n\t" + EMPTY_METHOD_NAME);
         }
-        log.println("\nDebugger: breakpoint is hit at:\n\t" + EMPTY_METHOD_NAME);
+        log.display("\nDebugger: breakpoint is hit at:\n\t" + EMPTY_METHOD_NAME);
 
         // run jdb command "eval" for hidden class field HC_NAME_FIELD
         reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.eval + HC_NAME_FIELD);
         int beg = reply[0].indexOf('"') + 1;
         int end = reply[0].lastIndexOf('"');
         if (end == -1 || beg > end) {
-            log.println("\nDebugger: the jdb command:\n\t" + JdbCommand.eval + HC_NAME_FIELD);
-            log.println("\treturned bad reply:\n\t" + reply[0]);
+            log.display("\nDebugger: the jdb command:\n\t" + JdbCommand.eval + HC_NAME_FIELD);
+            log.display("\treturned bad reply:\n\t" + reply[0]);
             throwFailure("Debugger: failed to evaluate debuggee field:\n\t" + HC_NAME_FIELD);
         }
         String hiddenClassName = reply[0].substring(beg, end); // we know the hidden class name now
-        log.println("\nDebugger: jdb command eval returned hidden class name:\n\t" + hiddenClassName);
+        log.display("\nDebugger: jdb command eval returned hidden class name:\n\t" + hiddenClassName);
 
         return hiddenClassName;
     }
@@ -123,21 +123,21 @@ private String runPrologue() {
     private void testClassCommands(String hcName) {
         String[] reply = null;
 
-        log.println("\n### Debugger: testClassCommands");
+        log.display("\n### Debugger: testClassCommands");
 
         // run jdb command "classes"
         reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.classes);
         if (!checkPattern(reply, hcName)) {
             throwFailure("Debugger: expected jdb command classes to list hidden class:\n\t" + hcName);
         }
-        log.println("\nDebugger: found matched class in jdb command classes reply:\n\t" + hcName);
+        log.display("\nDebugger: found matched class in jdb command classes reply:\n\t" + hcName);
 
         // run jdb command "class" for hidden class
         reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand._class + hcName);
         if (!checkPattern(reply, hcName)) {
             throwFailure("Debugger: expected hiddenclass name in jdb command class reply: " + hcName);
         }
-        log.println("\nDebugger: found matched class in jdb command class reply:\n\t" + hcName);
+        log.display("\nDebugger: found matched class in jdb command class reply:\n\t" + hcName);
     }
 
     /* Transition the debuggee's execution to the hidden class method start. */
@@ -145,22 +145,22 @@ private void stopInHiddenClassMethod(String hcName) {
         String hcMethodName = hcName + "." + HC_METHOD_NAME;
         String[] reply = null;
 
-        log.println("\n### Debugger: stopInHiddenClassMethod");
+        log.display("\n### Debugger: stopInHiddenClassMethod");
 
         // set a breakpoint in hidden class method hcMethodName()
         jdb.setBreakpointInMethod(hcMethodName);
-        log.println("\nDebugger: breakpoint is set at:\n\t" + hcMethodName);
+        log.display("\nDebugger: breakpoint is set at:\n\t" + hcMethodName);
 
         // run jdb command "clear": should list breakpoint in hcMethodName
         reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.clear);
         if (!checkPattern(reply, hcMethodName)) {
             throwFailure("Debugger: expected jdb clear command to list breakpoint: " + hcMethodName);
         }
-        log.println("\nDebugger: jdb command clear lists breakpoint at:\n\t" + hcMethodName);
+        log.display("\nDebugger: jdb command clear lists breakpoint at:\n\t" + hcMethodName);
 
         // run jdb command "cont"
         jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.cont);
-        log.println("\nDebugger: executed jdb command cont");
+        log.display("\nDebugger: executed jdb command cont");
     }
 
     /* Test the jdb commands "up" and "where" for hidden class. */
@@ -168,25 +168,25 @@ private void testUpWhereCommands(String hcName) {
         String hcMethodName = hcName + "." + HC_METHOD_NAME;
         String[] reply = null;
 
-        log.println("\n### Debugger: testUpWhereCommands");
+        log.display("\n### Debugger: testUpWhereCommands");
 
         // run jdb command "where": should list hcMethodName frame
         reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.where);
         if (!checkPattern(reply, hcMethodName)) {
             throwFailure("Debugger: jdb command where does not show expected frame: " + hcMethodName);
         }
-        log.println("\nDebugger: jdb command where showed expected frame:\n\t" + hcMethodName);
+        log.display("\nDebugger: jdb command where showed expected frame:\n\t" + hcMethodName);
 
         // run jdb command "up"
         jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.up);
-        log.println("\nDebugger: executed jdb command up");
+        log.display("\nDebugger: executed jdb command up");
 
         // run jdb command "where": should not list hcMethodName frame
         reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.where);
         if (checkPattern(reply, hcMethodName)) {
             throwFailure("Debugger: jdb command where showed unexpected frame: " + hcMethodName);
         }
-        log.println("\nDebugger: jdb command where does not show unexpected frame:\n\t" + hcMethodName);
+        log.display("\nDebugger: jdb command where does not show unexpected frame:\n\t" + hcMethodName);
     }
 
     /* Test the jdb commands "down" and "where" for hidden class. */
@@ -194,39 +194,39 @@ private void testDownWhereCommands(String hcName) {
         String hcMethodName = hcName + "." + HC_METHOD_NAME;
         String[] reply = null;
 
-        log.println("\n### Debugger: testDownWhereCommands");
+        log.display("\n### Debugger: testDownWhereCommands");
 
         // run jdb command "down"
         jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.down);
-        log.println("\nDebugger: executed jdb command down");
+        log.display("\nDebugger: executed jdb command down");
 
         // run jdb command "where": should list hcMethodName frame again
         reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.where);
         if (!checkPattern(reply, hcMethodName)) {
             throwFailure("Debugger: jdb command where does not show expected frame: " + hcMethodName);
         }
-        log.println("\nDebugger: jdb command where showed expected frame:\n\t" + hcMethodName);
+        log.display("\nDebugger: jdb command where showed expected frame:\n\t" + hcMethodName);
     }
 
     /* Test the jdb commands "fields" and "methods" for hidden class. */
     private void testFieldsMethods(String hcName) {
         String[] reply = null;
 
-        log.println("\n### Debugger: testFieldsMethods");
+        log.display("\n### Debugger: testFieldsMethods");
 
         // run jdb command "methods" for hidden class
         reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.methods + hcName);
         if (!checkPattern(reply, hcName)) {
             throwFailure("Debugger: no expected hidden class name in its methods: " + hcName);
         }
-        log.println("\nDebugger: jdb command \"methods\" showed expected method:\n\t" + HC_METHOD_NAME);
+        log.display("\nDebugger: jdb command \"methods\" showed expected method:\n\t" + HC_METHOD_NAME);
 
         // run jdb command "fields" for hidden class
         reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.fields + hcName);
         if (!checkPattern(reply, HC_FIELD_NAME)) {
             throwFailure("Debugger: no expected hidden class field in its fields: " + HC_FIELD_NAME);
         }
-        log.println("\nDebugger: jdb command \"fields\" showed expected field:\n\t" + HC_FIELD_NAME);
+        log.display("\nDebugger: jdb command \"fields\" showed expected field:\n\t" + HC_FIELD_NAME);
     }
 
     /* Test the jdb commands "watch" and "unwatch" for hidden class. */
@@ -234,14 +234,14 @@ private void testWatchCommands(String hcName) {
         String hcFieldName = hcName + "." + HC_FIELD_NAME;
         String[] reply = null;
 
-        log.println("\n### Debugger: testWatchCommands");
+        log.display("\n### Debugger: testWatchCommands");
 
         // run jdb command "watch" for hidden class field HC_FIELD_NAME
         reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.watch + hcFieldName);
         if (!checkPattern(reply, HC_FIELD_NAME)) {
             throwFailure("Debugger: was not able to set watch point: " + hcFieldName);
         }
-        log.println("\nDebugger: jdb command \"watch\" added expected field to watch:\n\t" + hcFieldName);
+        log.display("\nDebugger: jdb command \"watch\" added expected field to watch:\n\t" + hcFieldName);
 
         // run jdb command "cont"
         jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.cont);
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ private void testWatchCommands(String hcName) {
         if (!checkPattern(reply, HC_FIELD_NAME)) {
             throwFailure("Debugger: expect field name in unwatch reply: " + hcFieldName);
         }
-        log.println("\nDebugger: jdb command \"unwatch\" removed expected field from watch:\n\t" + hcFieldName);
+        log.display("\nDebugger: jdb command \"unwatch\" removed expected field from watch:\n\t" + hcFieldName);
     }
 
     /* Test the jdb commands "eval", "print" and "dump" for hidden class. */
@@ -260,28 +260,28 @@ private void testEvalCommands(String hcName) {
         String hcFieldName = hcName + "." + HC_FIELD_NAME;
         String[] reply = null;
 
-        log.println("\n### Debugger: testEvalCommands");
+        log.display("\n### Debugger: testEvalCommands");
 
         // run jdb command "eval" for hidden class field HC_FIELD_NAME
         reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.eval + hcFieldName);
         if (!checkPattern(reply, hcFieldName)) {
             throwFailure("Debugger: expected field name in jdb command eval field reply: " + hcFieldName);
         }
-        log.println("\nDebugger: jdb command \"eval\" showed expected hidden class field name:\n\t" + hcFieldName);
+        log.display("\nDebugger: jdb command \"eval\" showed expected hidden class field name:\n\t" + hcFieldName);
 
         // run jdb command "print" for hidden class field HC_FIELD_NAME
         reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.print + hcFieldName);
         if (!checkPattern(reply, hcFieldName)) {
             throwFailure("Debugger: expected field name in jdb command print field reply: " + hcFieldName);
         }
-        log.println("\nDebugger: jdb command \"print\" showed expected hidden class field name:\n\t" + hcFieldName);
+        log.display("\nDebugger: jdb command \"print\" showed expected hidden class field name:\n\t" + hcFieldName);
 
         // execute jdb command "dump" for hidden class field HC_FIELD_NAME
         reply = jdb.receiveReplyFor(JdbCommand.dump + hcFieldName);
         if (!checkPattern(reply, hcFieldName)) {
             throwFailure("Debugger: expected field name in jdb command dump field reply: " + hcFieldName);
         }
-        log.println("\nDebugger: jdb command \"dump\" showed expected hidden class field name:\n\t" + hcFieldName);
+        log.display("\nDebugger: jdb command \"dump\" showed expected hidden class field name:\n\t" + hcFieldName);
     }
 
     /* Test the jdb command "watch" with an invalid class name. */
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ private void testInvWatchCommand(String hcName) {
         if (checkPattern(reply, "Deferring watch modification")) {
             throwFailure(MsgBase + " must not set deferred watch point");
         }
-        log.println(MsgBase + " did not set deferred watch point");
+        log.display(MsgBase + " did not set deferred watch point");
     }
 
     /* Test the jdb command "eval" with an invalid class name. */
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ private void testInvEvalCommand(String hcName) {
         if (!checkPattern(reply, "ParseException")) {
             throwFailure(MsgBase + " must be rejected with ParseException");
         }
-        log.println(MsgBase + " was rejected with ParseException");
+        log.display(MsgBase + " was rejected with ParseException");
     }
 
     /* Test the jdb commands "watch" and "eval" with various invalid class names. */
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ private void testInvalidCommands() {
             "xx.yyy.zzz/"
         };
 
-        log.println("\n### Debugger: testInvalidCommands");
+        log.display("\n### Debugger: testInvalidCommands");
 
         // run jdb commands "watch" and "eval" with invalid class names
         for (int idx = 0; idx < invClassNames.length; idx++) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/hidden_class/hc001/hc001a.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/hidden_class/hc001/hc001a.java
index 7946b5e6537..79a9599ac16 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/hidden_class/hc001/hc001a.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/hidden_class/hc001/hc001a.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/options/connect/connect001/connect001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/options/connect/connect001/connect001.java
index 85cdbb27997..a23c1dde019 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/options/connect/connect001/connect001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/options/connect/connect001/connect001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2004, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public static void main (String argv[]) {
     protected boolean shouldPass() {
         String feature = "com.sun.jdi.CommandLineLaunch";
         if (argumentHandler.shouldPass(feature)) {
-            log.println("Test passes because of not implemented feature: " + feature);
+            log.display("Test passes because of not implemented feature: " + feature);
             return true;
         }
         return super.shouldPass();
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/options/connect/connect002/connect002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/options/connect/connect002/connect002.java
index a3219de0cc4..8c592f36686 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/options/connect/connect002/connect002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/options/connect/connect002/connect002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2004, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public static void main (String argv[]) {
     protected boolean shouldPass() {
         String feature = "com.sun.jdi.SocketAttach";
         if (argumentHandler.shouldPass(feature)) {
-            log.println("Test passes because of not implemented feature: " + feature);
+            log.display("Test passes because of not implemented feature: " + feature);
             return true;
         }
         return super.shouldPass();
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/options/connect/connect003/connect003.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/options/connect/connect003/connect003.java
index 465e3c9deb2..8a65ea934a2 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/options/connect/connect003/connect003.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/options/connect/connect003/connect003.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2004, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public static void main (String argv[]) {
     protected boolean shouldPass() {
         String feature = "com.sun.jdi.SharedMemoryAttach";
         if (argumentHandler.shouldPass(feature)) {
-            log.println("Test passes because of not implemented feature: " + feature);
+            log.display("Test passes because of not implemented feature: " + feature);
             return true;
         }
         return super.shouldPass();
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/options/connect/connect004/connect004.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/options/connect/connect004/connect004.java
index 075e9c30268..5396c7ff5fd 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/options/connect/connect004/connect004.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/options/connect/connect004/connect004.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2004, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public static void main (String argv[]) {
     protected boolean shouldPass() {
         String feature = "com.sun.jdi.SocketListen";
         if (argumentHandler.shouldPass(feature)) {
-            log.println("Test passes because of not implemented feature: " + feature);
+            log.display("Test passes because of not implemented feature: " + feature);
             return true;
         }
         return super.shouldPass();
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/options/connect/connect005/connect005.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/options/connect/connect005/connect005.java
index 7bd44a5927c..f3d0e65f139 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/options/connect/connect005/connect005.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdb/options/connect/connect005/connect005.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2004, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2004, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ public class connect005 extends JdbTest {
     protected boolean shouldPass() {
         String feature = "com.sun.jdi.SharedMemoryListen";
         if (argumentHandler.shouldPass(feature)) {
-            log.println("Test passes because of not implemented feature: " + feature);
+            log.display("Test passes because of not implemented feature: " + feature);
             return true;
         }
         return super.shouldPass();
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/AttachConnector/plugAttachConnect001/plugAttachConnect001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/AttachConnector/plugAttachConnect001/plugAttachConnect001.java
index b1badcc533f..218edd2c7d5 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/AttachConnector/plugAttachConnect001/plugAttachConnect001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/AttachConnector/plugAttachConnect001/plugAttachConnect001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/AttachConnector/plugAttachConnect002/plugAttachConnect002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/AttachConnector/plugAttachConnect002/plugAttachConnect002.java
index 7c0f8fc8310..5695200a5d6 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/AttachConnector/plugAttachConnect002/plugAttachConnect002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/AttachConnector/plugAttachConnect002/plugAttachConnect002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/AttachConnector/plugAttachConnect003/plugAttachConnect003.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/AttachConnector/plugAttachConnect003/plugAttachConnect003.java
index 0bc4527ecf9..6f54533b7a4 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/AttachConnector/plugAttachConnect003/plugAttachConnect003.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/AttachConnector/plugAttachConnect003/plugAttachConnect003.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/LaunchConnector/plugLaunchConnect001/plugLaunchConnect001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/LaunchConnector/plugLaunchConnect001/plugLaunchConnect001.java
index 096e6b970af..7a6a396e3cb 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/LaunchConnector/plugLaunchConnect001/plugLaunchConnect001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/LaunchConnector/plugLaunchConnect001/plugLaunchConnect001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/LaunchConnector/plugLaunchConnect002/plugLaunchConnect002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/LaunchConnector/plugLaunchConnect002/plugLaunchConnect002.java
index 71c0cc2987e..bfa446ffa3b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/LaunchConnector/plugLaunchConnect002/plugLaunchConnect002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/LaunchConnector/plugLaunchConnect002/plugLaunchConnect002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/LaunchConnector/plugLaunchConnect003/plugLaunchConnect003.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/LaunchConnector/plugLaunchConnect003/plugLaunchConnect003.java
index 2f5898dfd86..e4ea8fb2710 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/LaunchConnector/plugLaunchConnect003/plugLaunchConnect003.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/LaunchConnector/plugLaunchConnect003/plugLaunchConnect003.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/ListenConnector/plugListenConnect001/plugListenConnect001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/ListenConnector/plugListenConnect001/plugListenConnect001.java
index bab07c442dd..50a7dadb137 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/ListenConnector/plugListenConnect001/plugListenConnect001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/ListenConnector/plugListenConnect001/plugListenConnect001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/ListenConnector/plugListenConnect002/plugListenConnect002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/ListenConnector/plugListenConnect002/plugListenConnect002.java
index 2861c75491f..09e441e008b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/ListenConnector/plugListenConnect002/plugListenConnect002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/ListenConnector/plugListenConnect002/plugListenConnect002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/ListenConnector/plugListenConnect003/plugListenConnect003.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/ListenConnector/plugListenConnect003/plugListenConnect003.java
index 300af2f6851..37e86948592 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/ListenConnector/plugListenConnect003/plugListenConnect003.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/ListenConnector/plugListenConnect003/plugListenConnect003.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect001/plugMultiConnect001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect001/plugMultiConnect001.java
index 250b30a9472..d89a534a399 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect001/plugMultiConnect001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect001/plugMultiConnect001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect002/plugMultiConnect002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect002/plugMultiConnect002.java
index b5f63b7e2ef..80e79f77458 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect002/plugMultiConnect002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect002/plugMultiConnect002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect003/plugMultiConnect003.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect003/plugMultiConnect003.java
index 6e883c779ac..5a5c55cc7d8 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect003/plugMultiConnect003.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect003/plugMultiConnect003.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect004/plugMultiConnect004.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect004/plugMultiConnect004.java
index 00b57cb6731..b1b93bfaa5a 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect004/plugMultiConnect004.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect004/plugMultiConnect004.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect005/plugMultiConnect005.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect005/plugMultiConnect005.java
index 577cdd23f9d..2adc52d5fc4 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect005/plugMultiConnect005.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect005/plugMultiConnect005.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect006/plugMultiConnect006.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect006/plugMultiConnect006.java
index e753a3656fe..e840f7c2fde 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect006/plugMultiConnect006.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/MultiConnectors/plugMultiConnect006/plugMultiConnect006.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/TransportService/transportService001/transportService001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/TransportService/transportService001/transportService001.java
index bf090ce7fa7..d44875f8415 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/TransportService/transportService001/transportService001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/TransportService/transportService001/transportService001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/TransportService/transportService002/transportService002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/TransportService/transportService002/transportService002.java
index 370b5dbd7b3..db7a2567b33 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/TransportService/transportService002/transportService002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/TransportService/transportService002/transportService002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/TransportService/transportService003/transportService003.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/TransportService/transportService003/transportService003.java
index 889942922b4..b1981069845 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/TransportService/transportService003/transportService003.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/PlugConnectors/TransportService/transportService003/transportService003.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/equals/equals001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/equals/equals001.java
index 4d561c87d1b..bba74edbaa0 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/equals/equals001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/equals/equals001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.println(message);
+        test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/equals/equals002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/equals/equals002.java
index 0686d73e69c..3448a52b690 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/equals/equals002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/equals/equals002.java
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.println(message);
+        test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/failedToInitialize/failedtoinit002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/failedToInitialize/failedtoinit002.java
index f093fffe503..4ff051ab3cd 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/failedToInitialize/failedtoinit002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/failedToInitialize/failedtoinit002.java
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.println(message);
+        test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fields/fields001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fields/fields001.java
index 0e6bd85a148..64cff44c397 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fields/fields001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fields/fields001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.println(message);
+        test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fields/fields003.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fields/fields003.java
index dee295d20f2..42e359e29fe 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fields/fields003.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fields/fields003.java
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.println(message);
+        test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fields/fields004.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fields/fields004.java
index bcfa4e323c1..fcece8cefe2 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fields/fields004.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/fields/fields004.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.println(message);
+        test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/genericSignature/genericSignature001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/genericSignature/genericSignature001.java
index 20b473062b3..2ef55e3063c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/genericSignature/genericSignature001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/genericSignature/genericSignature001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/genericSignature/genericSignature001a.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/genericSignature/genericSignature001a.java
index 42c738fa86e..6f8b5916725 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/genericSignature/genericSignature001a.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/genericSignature/genericSignature001a.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     // instantiating of arrays of primitive types for check ReferenceType.genericSignature() method
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/genericSignature/genericSignature002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/genericSignature/genericSignature002.java
index 781b0f6f4ba..1e385283847 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/genericSignature/genericSignature002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/genericSignature/genericSignature002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/genericSignature/genericSignature002a.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/genericSignature/genericSignature002a.java
index 2caa90e0a92..be72c7566db 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/genericSignature/genericSignature002a.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/genericSignature/genericSignature002a.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     // instantiating of non-generic interface types and arrays of non-generic interface types
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/hashCode/hashcode001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/hashCode/hashcode001.java
index 57f08ebe7f0..123d1f12a49 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/hashCode/hashcode001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/hashCode/hashcode001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.println(message);
+        test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/hashCode/hashcode002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/hashCode/hashcode002.java
index edca601544b..40340049971 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/hashCode/hashcode002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/hashCode/hashcode002.java
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.println(message);
+        test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isAbstract/isabstract002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isAbstract/isabstract002.java
index 000054b284c..7c7f15c03b1 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isAbstract/isabstract002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isAbstract/isabstract002.java
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.println(message);
+        test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isInitialized/isinit001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isInitialized/isinit001.java
index 5674f53f521..2046927d21c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isInitialized/isinit001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isInitialized/isinit001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.println(message);
+        test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isInitialized/isinit002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isInitialized/isinit002.java
index c95a3703e97..8f29bc0ba2e 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isInitialized/isinit002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isInitialized/isinit002.java
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.println(message);
+        test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isPrepared/isprepared001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isPrepared/isprepared001.java
index 2eff33ed6c9..5b98a1ee949 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isPrepared/isprepared001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isPrepared/isprepared001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.println(message);
+        test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isPrepared/isprepared002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isPrepared/isprepared002.java
index 4bd57d90791..604fde97bab 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isPrepared/isprepared002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isPrepared/isprepared002.java
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.println(message);
+        test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isVerified/isverified002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isVerified/isverified002.java
index 2c89b8361f3..2ac8aaa99ea 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isVerified/isverified002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/isVerified/isverified002.java
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.println(message);
+        test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methods/methods001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methods/methods001.java
index b004aeb59c9..64de3285c97 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methods/methods001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methods/methods001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.println(message);
+        test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methods/methods003.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methods/methods003.java
index 073699ea9bf..739006c98fa 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methods/methods003.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methods/methods003.java
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.println(message);
+        test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methods/methods004.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methods/methods004.java
index fd86fd11b6c..0d684445ea6 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methods/methods004.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methods/methods004.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.println(message);
+        test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_ss/methbyname_ss003.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_ss/methbyname_ss003.java
index 3dbead20493..ab3d21dcda5 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_ss/methbyname_ss003.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/methodsByName_ss/methbyname_ss003.java
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.println(message);
+        test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/name/name001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/name/name001.java
index bfd68bcae4f..0a1600bbca0 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/name/name001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/name/name001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.println(message);
+        test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/name/name002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/name/name002.java
index a59821d1c14..1caec889970 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/name/name002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/name/name002.java
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.println(message);
+        test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/sourceName/sourcename001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/sourceName/sourcename001.java
index 7840670aa43..352ee94815d 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/sourceName/sourcename001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/sourceName/sourcename001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.println(message);
+        test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/sourceName/sourcename002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/sourceName/sourcename002.java
index 0db90110fbe..d791b075ced 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/sourceName/sourcename002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/sourceName/sourcename002.java
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.println(message);
+        test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/sourceName/sourcename003.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/sourceName/sourcename003.java
index bd547529ec6..645f6229661 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/sourceName/sourcename003.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/ReferenceType/sourceName/sourcename003.java
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ private static void print_log_on_verbose(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void print_log_anyway(String message) {
-        test_log_handler.println(message);
+        test_log_handler.display(message);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/TypeComponent/genericSignature/genericSignature001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/TypeComponent/genericSignature/genericSignature001.java
index d5368568bec..3f9d74852cf 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/TypeComponent/genericSignature/genericSignature001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/TypeComponent/genericSignature/genericSignature001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/TypeComponent/genericSignature/genericSignature001a.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/TypeComponent/genericSignature/genericSignature001a.java
index e479baa584b..bef87072125 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/TypeComponent/genericSignature/genericSignature001a.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/TypeComponent/genericSignature/genericSignature001a.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     // primitive type fields and arrays of primitive types
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/TypeComponent/genericSignature/genericSignature002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/TypeComponent/genericSignature/genericSignature002.java
index 8eabd51f713..c0fdf0037c9 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/TypeComponent/genericSignature/genericSignature002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/TypeComponent/genericSignature/genericSignature002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/TypeComponent/genericSignature/genericSignature002a.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/TypeComponent/genericSignature/genericSignature002a.java
index 476393e39cb..adca0ea35bc 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/TypeComponent/genericSignature/genericSignature002a.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/TypeComponent/genericSignature/genericSignature002a.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     // methods without generic signature
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/VirtualMachineManager/createVirtualMachine/createVM001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/VirtualMachineManager/createVirtualMachine/createVM001.java
index 26ad37078d8..1c5fa47e0d0 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/VirtualMachineManager/createVirtualMachine/createVM001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/VirtualMachineManager/createVirtualMachine/createVM001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/VirtualMachineManager/createVirtualMachine/createVM002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/VirtualMachineManager/createVirtualMachine/createVM002.java
index dee135fbfed..c2543a30350 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/VirtualMachineManager/createVirtualMachine/createVM002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/VirtualMachineManager/createVirtualMachine/createVM002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/VirtualMachineManager/createVirtualMachine/createVM003.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/VirtualMachineManager/createVirtualMachine/createVM003.java
index d1e8f67b293..be08afe6962 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/VirtualMachineManager/createVirtualMachine/createVM003.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/VirtualMachineManager/createVirtualMachine/createVM003.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/VirtualMachineManager/createVirtualMachine/createVM004.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/VirtualMachineManager/createVirtualMachine/createVM004.java
index 804a92b2b49..a22841750ae 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/VirtualMachineManager/createVirtualMachine/createVM004.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/VirtualMachineManager/createVirtualMachine/createVM004.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/VirtualMachineManager/createVirtualMachine/createVM005.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/VirtualMachineManager/createVirtualMachine/createVM005.java
index aef6720f917..2eb1f0e1efd 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/VirtualMachineManager/createVirtualMachine/createVM005.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdi/VirtualMachineManager/createVirtualMachine/createVM005.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ private static void logOnError(String message) {
     }
 
     private static void logAlways(String message) {
-        logHandler.println(message);
+        logHandler.display(message);
     }
 
     public static void main (String argv[]) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdwp/Event/CLASS_UNLOAD/clsunload001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdwp/Event/CLASS_UNLOAD/clsunload001.java
index ccfec8efeb9..79aff2af862 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdwp/Event/CLASS_UNLOAD/clsunload001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jdwp/Event/CLASS_UNLOAD/clsunload001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ void waitForTestedEvent() {
             if (eventKind == JDWP.EventKind.VM_DEATH) {
                 log.display("Got VM_DEATH event while waiting for tested event");
                 dead = true;
-                log.println("No CLASS_UNLOAD event occured at all so treat test as PASSED");
+                log.display("No CLASS_UNLOAD event occured at all so treat test as PASSED");
                 return;
             }
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/ForceGarbageCollection/forcegc001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/ForceGarbageCollection/forcegc001.java
index ffb5df089d8..5f3523aca39 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/ForceGarbageCollection/forcegc001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/ForceGarbageCollection/forcegc001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ public int runIt(String argv[], PrintStream out) {
             log.display("Checking soft references " + kind + ": " + count + " references");
             int found1 = checkObjects(count, refs, kind);
             if (found1 < found) {
-                log.println("# WARNING: " + found1 + " of " + found
+                log.display("# WARNING: " + found1 + " of " + found
                             + " softly reachable objects were GCed\n"
                             + "#   by System.gc() but not by ForceGarbageCollection()");
             }
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ public int checkObjects(int count, SoftReference<?> refs[], String kind) {
         }
 
         if (found > 0) {
-            log.println("# WARNING: " + found + " of " + count
+            log.display("# WARNING: " + found + " of " + count
                             + " softly reachable objects not GCed " + kind);
         } else {
             log.display("All " + found + " of " + count
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS104/hs104t002/hs104t002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS104/hs104t002/hs104t002.java
index 6094caab16f..253e62150f5 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS104/hs104t002/hs104t002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS104/hs104t002/hs104t002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -112,9 +112,9 @@ public boolean agentMethod() {
             pass=false;
         }
         if ( pass ) {
-            log.println(" Testcase hs104t002 :: Passed.");
+            log.display(" Testcase hs104t002 :: Passed.");
         } else {
-            log.println(" Testcase hs104t002 :: Failed.");
+            log.display(" Testcase hs104t002 :: Failed.");
         }
         return pass;
     }
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ public boolean startAllThreads() {
             //notify all the threads to start their jobs.
             wicket.unlock();
             started=true;
-            log.println(" startAllThreads :: All threads are running.");
+            log.display(" startAllThreads :: All threads are running.");
         } catch (IllegalStateException ise) {
             log.complain(" startAllThreads :: Error occured while"
                         +" waiting for threads.");
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ private boolean waitForAllThreads() {
                 thread.join();
             }
             allExited= true;
-            log.println(" All threads terminated without "
+            log.display(" All threads terminated without "
                 +"java.lang.InterruptedException.");
         } catch(java.lang.InterruptedException ie ) {
             log.complain(" waitForAllThreads ::"
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS202/hs202t002/hs202t002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS202/hs202t002/hs202t002.java
index dd295195543..5b8b2034bd0 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS202/hs202t002/hs202t002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS202/hs202t002/hs202t002.java
@@ -92,9 +92,9 @@ public boolean agentMethod() {
             boolean passed = false;
             if (successState == state && isRedefined()) {
                 passed = true;
-                log.println(" ... Passed state (" + state + ")");
+                log.display(" ... Passed state (" + state + ")");
             } else {
-                log.println(" ... Failed state (" + state + ")");
+                log.display(" ... Failed state (" + state + ")");
             }
             return passed;
         }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS203/hs203t001/hs203t001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS203/hs203t001/hs203t001.java
index e42bede4e01..f561c26e6e1 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS203/hs203t001/hs203t001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS203/hs203t001/hs203t001.java
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ public boolean  agentMethod() {
             popThreadFrame(mt.getThread());
             resumeThread(mt.getThread());
             mt.join();
-            log.println(" ..."+mt.threadState);
+            log.display(" ..."+mt.threadState);
         } catch(Exception ie) {
             ie.printStackTrace();
         }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS203/hs203t002/hs203t002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS203/hs203t002/hs203t002.java
index f62bd49f674..4623237058c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS203/hs203t002/hs203t002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS203/hs203t002/hs203t002.java
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ public boolean  agentMethod() {
             resumeThread(mt.getThread());
             MyThread.resume.set(true);
             mt.join();
-                        log.println(" ..."+mt.threadState);
+                        log.display(" ..."+mt.threadState);
                 } catch(Exception ie) {
                         ie.printStackTrace();
                 }
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ public boolean  agentMethod() {
                 if ( (mt.threadState < 1000)  && (redefineAttempted() && isRedefined()) ) {
                         passed = true;
                 } else {
-                        log.println(" FAILED ...");
+                        log.display(" FAILED ...");
                 }
         return passed;
 
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS301/hs301t001/hs301t001.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS301/hs301t001/hs301t001.java
index 1422d5802ea..d4e9c30b6e4 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS301/hs301t001/hs301t001.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS301/hs301t001/hs301t001.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -85,11 +85,11 @@ public boolean agentMethod() {
         }
         cls.doThis();
         if (!pass)  {
-            log.println(" Error occured, error in redefineing (as expected).");
-            log.println(" Case passed.");
+            log.display(" Error occured, error in redefineing (as expected).");
+            log.display(" Case passed.");
         } else {
-            log.println(" Successfully redefined, (which is not execpeted).");
-            log.println(" Case failed.");
+            log.display(" Successfully redefined, (which is not execpeted).");
+            log.display(" Case failed.");
         }
         return pass;
     }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t002/hs302t002.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t002/hs302t002.java
index 4a13fbc250c..e46a572630b 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t002/hs302t002.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t002/hs302t002.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -61,14 +61,14 @@ public boolean agentMethod() {
         boolean pass=false;
         MyClass cls = new MyClass();
         cls.setName("SOME NAME");
-        log.println(" cls.toString() "+cls.toString());
+        log.display(" cls.toString() "+cls.toString());
         // Redefine should be attempted and failed.
         if (!cls.toString().equals("Default") &&
                 ( redefineAttempted() && !isRedefined())  ) {
             pass =true;
-            log.println(" Passed ..");
+            log.display(" Passed ..");
         } else {
-            log.println(" Failed ..");
+            log.display(" Failed ..");
         }
         return pass;
     }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t003/hs302t003.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t003/hs302t003.java
index 6cf32485818..c25885f53a8 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t003/hs302t003.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t003/hs302t003.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -61,13 +61,13 @@ public boolean agentMethod() {
         MyClass cls = new MyClass();
         try {
             cls.setName("SOME NAME");
-            log.println(" cls.toString() "+cls.toString());
+            log.display(" cls.toString() "+cls.toString());
         } catch(Exception exp) {
             if (cls.toString().equals("Default") && isRedefined() ) {
                 pass =true;
-                log.println(" Passed ..");
+                log.display(" Passed ..");
             } else {
-                log.println(" Failed ..");
+                log.display(" Failed ..");
             }
             return pass;
         }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t004/hs302t004.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t004/hs302t004.java
index ed8ec89ecf2..36305b2589a 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t004/hs302t004.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t004/hs302t004.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -65,9 +65,9 @@ public boolean agentMethod(){
             Method[] methods = klass.getDeclaredMethods();
             for(Method method : methods) {
                 if (method.getName().equals("setName")) {
-                    log.println(" Modified "+method.getModifiers());
+                    log.display(" Modified "+method.getModifiers());
                     if ( (Modifier.PRIVATE &  method.getModifiers())==Modifier.PRIVATE ) {
-                        log.println("...Private..");
+                        log.display("...Private..");
                         pass = true;
                     }
                 }
@@ -76,9 +76,9 @@ public boolean agentMethod(){
         }catch(Exception exp) {
             if ( isRedefined() ) {
                 pass =true;
-                log.println(" Passed ..");
+                log.display(" Passed ..");
             } else {
-                log.println(" Failed ..");
+                log.display(" Failed ..");
             }
             return pass;
         }
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public boolean agentMethod(){
         if ( redefineAttempted() && !isRedefined() ) {
             pass = true;
         }
-        log.println(" PASS = "+pass);
+        log.display(" PASS = "+pass);
         return pass;
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t005/hs302t005.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t005/hs302t005.java
index e78e87992bd..ae5c9ccdb56 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t005/hs302t005.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t005/hs302t005.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -65,10 +65,10 @@ public boolean agentMethod() {
             Method[] methods = klass.getDeclaredMethods();
             for(Method method : methods) {
                 if (method.getName().equals("setName")) {
-                    log.println(" Modified "+method.getModifiers());
+                    log.display(" Modified "+method.getModifiers());
                     // Still its private good.
                     if ( (Modifier.PRIVATE &  method.getModifiers())==Modifier.PRIVATE ) {
-                        log.println("...Private..");
+                        log.display("...Private..");
                         pass = true;
                     }
                 }
@@ -76,14 +76,14 @@ public boolean agentMethod() {
         } catch(Exception exp) {
             if ( isRedefined() ) {
                 pass =true;
-                log.println(" Passed ..");
+                log.display(" Passed ..");
             }
         }
         // If the execption is failed to throw.
         if ( redefineAttempted() && !isRedefined() ) {
             pass = true;
         }
-        log.println(" PASS = "+pass);
+        log.display(" PASS = "+pass);
         return pass;
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t006/hs302t006.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t006/hs302t006.java
index d4320dc9e8e..5f9646e6393 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t006/hs302t006.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t006/hs302t006.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ public boolean agentMethod() {
         }catch(Exception exp) {
             if ( isRedefined() ) {
                 pass =true;
-                log.println(" Passed ..");
+                log.display(" Passed ..");
             }
         }
         // If the execption is failed to throw.
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t007/hs302t007.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t007/hs302t007.java
index 1c9c2924915..92507e1cbb1 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t007/hs302t007.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t007/hs302t007.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -66,9 +66,9 @@ public boolean agentMethod() {
             Method[] methods = klass.getDeclaredMethods();
             for(Method method : methods) {
                 if (method.getName().equals("setName")) {
-                    log.println(" Modified "+method.getModifiers());
+                    log.display(" Modified "+method.getModifiers());
                     if ( (Modifier.SYNCHRONIZED &  method.getModifiers())==Modifier.SYNCHRONIZED ) {
-                        log.println("...Synchronized..");
+                        log.display("...Synchronized..");
                         pass = true;
                     }
                 }
@@ -76,9 +76,9 @@ public boolean agentMethod() {
         }catch(Exception exp) {
             if ( redefineAttempted() && !isRedefined()) {
                 pass =true;
-                log.println(" Passed ..");
+                log.display(" Passed ..");
             } else {
-                log.println(" Failed ..");
+                log.display(" Failed ..");
             }
         }
         return pass;
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t008/hs302t008.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t008/hs302t008.java
index e7d0323dcc8..8dc396a346c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t008/hs302t008.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t008/hs302t008.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -75,18 +75,18 @@ public boolean agentMethod(){
             }
         }catch(Exception exp) {
             exp.printStackTrace();
-            log.println(" Exception "+exp.getMessage());
+            log.display(" Exception "+exp.getMessage());
             if ( isRedefined() ) {
                 pass =true;
-                log.println(" Passed ..");
+                log.display(" Passed ..");
             } else {
-                log.println(" Failed ..");
+                log.display(" Failed ..");
             }
         }
         if ( redefineAttempted() && !isRedefined() ) {
             pass = true;
         }
-        log.println(" PASS = "+pass);
+        log.display(" PASS = "+pass);
         return pass;
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t011/hs302t011.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t011/hs302t011.java
index 442e86b9bd7..018113a4dab 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t011/hs302t011.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t011/hs302t011.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -72,12 +72,12 @@ public boolean agentMethod(){
             }
         }catch(Exception exp) {
             exp.printStackTrace();
-            log.println(" Exception "+exp.getMessage());
+            log.display(" Exception "+exp.getMessage());
         }
         if ( redefineAttempted() && !isRedefined() ) {
             pass = true;
         }
-        log.println(" PASS = "+pass);
+        log.display(" PASS = "+pass);
         return pass;
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t012/hs302t012.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t012/hs302t012.java
index 96295e50b56..4a17898f3c4 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t012/hs302t012.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/jvmti/scenarios/hotswap/HS302/hs302t012/hs302t012.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2007, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -77,12 +77,12 @@ public boolean agentMethod(){
             }
         }catch(Exception exp) {
             exp.printStackTrace();
-            log.println(" Exception "+exp.getMessage());
+            log.display(" Exception "+exp.getMessage());
         }
         if ( redefineAttempted() && !isRedefined() ) {
             pass = true;
         }
-        log.println(" PASS = "+pass);
+        log.display(" PASS = "+pass);
         return pass;
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/IORedirector.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/IORedirector.java
index 19a58780a95..4b2e3b96d4c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/IORedirector.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/IORedirector.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ public IORedirector(InputStream in, OutputStream out, String prefix) {
     public IORedirector(BufferedReader in, Log log, String prefix) {
         this();
         this.bin  = in;
-        addProcessor(s -> log.println(prefix + s));
+        addProcessor(s -> log.display(prefix + s));
     }
 
     public void addProcessor(Consumer<String> lineProcessor) {
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/Log.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/Log.java
index 2e038291759..3bcf0060327 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/Log.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/Log.java
@@ -197,19 +197,6 @@ public static String printExceptionToString(Object prefix, Throwable exception)
         return bos.toString();
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Print <code>message</code> to the assigned output stream.
-     *
-     * @deprecated  Test ought to be quiet if log mode is non-verbose
-     *              and there is no errors found by the test. Methods
-     *              <code>display()</code> and <code>complain()</code>
-     *              are enough for testing purposes.
-     */
-    @Deprecated
-    public synchronized void println(String message) {
-        doPrint(message);
-    }
-
     /**
      * Print trace <code>message</code> to the assigned output stream,
      * only if specified <code>level</code> is less or equal for the
@@ -482,12 +469,12 @@ public void trace(int level, String message) {
         }
 
         /**
-         * Print message by invoking <code>Log.println()</code>.
+         * Print message by invoking <code>Log.display()</code>.
          *
-         * @see Log#println
+         * @see Log#display
          */
         public void println(String message) {
-            log.println(makeLogMessage(message));
+            log.display(makeLogMessage(message));
         }
 
         /**
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/jdb/JdbTest.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/jdb/JdbTest.java
index 11def178cdc..c8fd40c2d4a 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/jdb/JdbTest.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/vmTestbase/nsk/share/jdb/JdbTest.java
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ protected void runTest(String argv[]) {
             log = new Log(out, argumentHandler);
 
             if (shouldPass()) {
-                log.println("TEST PASSED");
+                log.display("TEST PASSED");
                 return;
             }
 

From fd9698357bb034c527c9ccdd6888a2abd75c0043 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ioi Lam <iklam@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 25 Aug 2026 03:57:20 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 697/707] 8390807: Reduce run time of test AOTCodeFlags.java

Reviewed-by: kvn, asmehra
---
 .../cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeFlags.java      | 37 ++++++---------
 .../appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeSimpleTestApp.java  | 46 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 61 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeSimpleTestApp.java

diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeFlags.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeFlags.java
index 966bacc3b14..d7ff823734c 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeFlags.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeFlags.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -31,12 +31,9 @@
  * @comment Both C1 and C2 JIT compilers are required because the test verifies
  *          compiler's runtime blobs generation.
  * @library /test/lib /test/setup_aot
- * @build AOTCodeFlags JavacBenchApp
+ * @build AOTCodeFlags
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar
- *                 JavacBenchApp
- *                 JavacBenchApp$ClassFile
- *                 JavacBenchApp$FileManager
- *                 JavacBenchApp$SourceFile
+ *                 AOTCodeSimpleTestApp
  * @run driver/timeout=1500 AOTCodeFlags
  */
 /**
@@ -48,12 +45,9 @@
  * @comment Both C1 and C2 JIT compilers are required because the test verifies
  *          compiler's runtime blobs generation.
  * @library /test/lib /test/setup_aot
- * @build AOTCodeFlags JavacBenchApp
+ * @build AOTCodeFlags
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar
- *                 JavacBenchApp
- *                 JavacBenchApp$ClassFile
- *                 JavacBenchApp$FileManager
- *                 JavacBenchApp$SourceFile
+ *                 AOTCodeSimpleTestApp
  * @run driver/timeout=1500 AOTCodeFlags Z
  */
 /**
@@ -65,12 +59,9 @@
  * @comment Both C1 and C2 JIT compilers are required because the test verifies
  *          compiler's runtime blobs generation.
  * @library /test/lib /test/setup_aot
- * @build AOTCodeFlags JavacBenchApp
+ * @build AOTCodeFlags
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar
- *                 JavacBenchApp
- *                 JavacBenchApp$ClassFile
- *                 JavacBenchApp$FileManager
- *                 JavacBenchApp$SourceFile
+ *                 AOTCodeSimpleTestApp
  * @run driver/timeout=1500 AOTCodeFlags Shenandoah
  */
 /**
@@ -82,12 +73,9 @@
  * @comment Both C1 and C2 JIT compilers are required because the test verifies
  *          compiler's runtime blobs generation.
  * @library /test/lib /test/setup_aot
- * @build AOTCodeFlags JavacBenchApp
+ * @build AOTCodeFlags
  * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller -jar app.jar
- *                 JavacBenchApp
- *                 JavacBenchApp$ClassFile
- *                 JavacBenchApp$FileManager
- *                 JavacBenchApp$SourceFile
+ *                 AOTCodeSimpleTestApp
  * @run driver/timeout=1500 AOTCodeFlags Parallel
  */
 
@@ -98,6 +86,7 @@
 import jdk.test.lib.process.OutputAnalyzer;
 
 public class AOTCodeFlags {
+    private static String appName = AOTCodeSimpleTestApp.class.getName();
     private static String gcName = null;
     public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
         Tester t = new Tester(args.length == 0 ? null : args[0]);
@@ -171,6 +160,10 @@ public String[] vmArgs(RunMode runMode) {
             args.addAll(List.of("-Xlog:aot+codecache+init=debug",
                                 "-Xlog:aot+codecache+exit=debug",
                                 "-Xlog:aot+codecache+stubs=debug"));
+
+            // Ensure compilations are finished before the JVM exits.
+            args.add("-Xbatch");
+
             switch (runMode) {
             case RunMode.ASSEMBLY:
                 args.addAll(getVMArgsForTestMode(aMode));
@@ -186,7 +179,7 @@ public String[] vmArgs(RunMode runMode) {
 
         @Override
         public String[] appCommandLine(RunMode runMode) {
-            return new String[] { "JavacBenchApp", "10" };
+            return new String[] { appName };
         }
 
         @Override
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeSimpleTestApp.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeSimpleTestApp.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5debc6ab481
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/aotCode/AOTCodeSimpleTestApp.java
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+// Run long enough and with enough iterations to ensure C1 and C2 compilations.
+// Note: run with -Xbatch to ensure compilations are finished before the JVM exits.
+public class AOTCodeSimpleTestApp {
+    public static volatile int counter;
+
+    public static void main(String args[]) {
+        long started = System.currentTimeMillis();
+
+        while (System.currentTimeMillis() - started < 150) {
+            outer();
+        }
+    }
+    static void outer() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50 * 1000; i++) {
+            inner();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void inner() {
+        counter++;
+    }
+}

From 9633dd75fee4b828e27ec8b4ea0ae8405698c4ef Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yasumasa Suenaga <ysuenaga@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 25 Aug 2026 06:02:35 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 698/707] 8390620: Refactor eh_frame to frame in libsaproc

Reviewed-by: cjplummer, sspitsyn
---
 .../linux/native/libsaproc/dwarf.cpp                 | 12 ++++++------
 .../linux/native/libsaproc/dwarf.hpp                 |  2 +-
 .../linux/native/libsaproc/libproc_impl.c            | 11 +++++------
 .../linux/native/libsaproc/libproc_impl.h            |  9 ++++-----
 4 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/dwarf.cpp b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/dwarf.cpp
index bb7328379f0..f23ffce9a07 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/dwarf.cpp
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/dwarf.cpp
@@ -265,14 +265,14 @@ uint32_t DwarfParser::get_decoded_value(unsigned char enc) {
   //   https://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-help/2010-09/msg00166.html
 #if defined(_LP64)
   if (size == 8) {
-    result += _lib->eh_frame.v_addr + static_cast<uintptr_t>(_buf - _lib->eh_frame.data);
+    result += _lib->frame.v_addr + static_cast<uintptr_t>(_buf - _lib->frame.data);
     size = 4;
   } else
 #endif
   if ((enc & 0x70) == 0x10) { // 0x10 = DW_EH_PE_pcrel
-    result += _lib->eh_frame.v_addr + static_cast<uintptr_t>(_buf - _lib->eh_frame.data);
+    result += _lib->frame.v_addr + static_cast<uintptr_t>(_buf - _lib->frame.data);
   } else  if (size == 2) {
-    result = static_cast<int>(result) + _lib->eh_frame.v_addr + static_cast<uintptr_t>(_buf - _lib->eh_frame.data);
+    result = static_cast<int>(result) + _lib->frame.v_addr + static_cast<uintptr_t>(_buf - _lib->frame.data);
     size = 4;
   }
 
@@ -319,8 +319,8 @@ unsigned int DwarfParser::get_pc_range() {
 
 bool DwarfParser::process_dwarf(const uintptr_t pc) {
   // https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/LSB_3.0.0/LSB-PDA/LSB-PDA/ehframechpt.html
-  _buf = _lib->eh_frame.data;
-  unsigned char *end = _lib->eh_frame.data + _lib->eh_frame.size;
+  _buf = _lib->frame.data;
+  unsigned char *end = _lib->frame.data + _lib->frame.size;
   while (_buf <= end) {
     uint64_t length = get_entry_length();
     if (length == 0L) {
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ bool DwarfParser::process_dwarf(const uintptr_t pc) {
     uint32_t id = *(reinterpret_cast<uint32_t *>(_buf));
     _buf += 4;
     if (id != 0) { // FDE
-      uintptr_t pc_begin = get_decoded_value(_fde_ptr_encoding) + _lib->eh_frame.library_base_addr;
+      uintptr_t pc_begin = get_decoded_value(_fde_ptr_encoding) + _lib->base;
       uintptr_t pc_end = pc_begin + get_pc_range();
 
       if ((pc >= pc_begin) && (pc < pc_end)) {
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/dwarf.hpp b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/dwarf.hpp
index 38ffaceb687..110cd91ed4c 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/dwarf.hpp
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/dwarf.hpp
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ class DwarfParser {
     }
 
     bool is_parseable() {
-      return _lib->eh_frame.data != NULL;
+      return _lib->frame.data != NULL;
     }
 };
 
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/libproc_impl.c b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/libproc_impl.c
index 815902045cf..cc8f956bb0c 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/libproc_impl.c
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/libproc_impl.c
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ static void destroy_lib_info(struct ps_prochandle* ph) {
      if (lib->symtab) {
         destroy_symtab(lib->symtab);
      }
-     free(lib->eh_frame.data);
+     free(lib->frame.data);
      free(lib);
      lib = next;
    }
@@ -231,10 +231,9 @@ bool read_eh_frame(struct ps_prochandle* ph, lib_info* lib) {
 
   for (cnt = 0, sh = shbuf; cnt < ehdr.e_shnum; cnt++, sh++) {
     if (strcmp(".eh_frame", sh->sh_name + strtab) == 0) {
-      lib->eh_frame.library_base_addr = lib->base;
-      lib->eh_frame.v_addr = sh->sh_addr;
-      lib->eh_frame.data = read_section_data(lib->fd, &ehdr, sh);
-      lib->eh_frame.size = sh->sh_size;
+      lib->frame.v_addr = sh->sh_addr;
+      lib->frame.data = read_section_data(lib->fd, &ehdr, sh);
+      lib->frame.size = sh->sh_size;
       break;
     }
   }
@@ -242,7 +241,7 @@ bool read_eh_frame(struct ps_prochandle* ph, lib_info* lib) {
   free(strtab);
   free(shbuf);
   lseek(lib->fd, current_pos, SEEK_SET);
-  return lib->eh_frame.data != NULL;
+  return lib->frame.data != NULL;
 }
 
 lib_info* add_lib_info_fd(struct ps_prochandle* ph, const char* libname, int fd, uintptr_t base) {
diff --git a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/libproc_impl.h b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/libproc_impl.h
index d5aa74e73ad..23d7daea972 100644
--- a/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/libproc_impl.h
+++ b/src/jdk.hotspot.agent/linux/native/libsaproc/libproc_impl.h
@@ -34,13 +34,12 @@
 
 #define BUF_SIZE     (PATH_MAX + NAME_MAX + 1)
 
-// .eh_frame data
-typedef struct eh_frame_info {
-  uintptr_t library_base_addr;
+// frame data
+typedef struct frame_info {
   uintptr_t v_addr;
   unsigned char* data;
   int size;
-} eh_frame_info;
+} frame_info;
 
 // list of shared objects
 typedef struct lib_info {
@@ -49,7 +48,7 @@ typedef struct lib_info {
   uintptr_t        end;
   uintptr_t        exec_start;
   uintptr_t        exec_end;
-  eh_frame_info    eh_frame;
+  frame_info       frame;
   struct symtab*   symtab;
   int              fd;        // file descriptor for lib
   struct lib_info* next;

From 29fd00c069e106931771ade2f14ab2f0b9060567 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 25 Aug 2026 07:38:11 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 699/707] 8390641: C1/C2 on x86_64 - remove unused variables

Reviewed-by: mchevalier, chagedorn
---
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRAssembler_x86.cpp            | 5 +----
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRGenerator_x86.cpp            | 3 +--
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_Runtime1_x86.cpp                | 1 -
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp          | 4 +---
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_init_x86.cpp                    | 1 -
 src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_stubGenerator_x86_64_string.cpp | 5 +----
 src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp               | 3 +--
 src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_RangeCheckElimination.cpp      | 5 +----
 8 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRAssembler_x86.cpp
index 84f99215f15..7437de72bf1 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -262,7 +262,6 @@ void LIR_Assembler::osr_entry() {
   //
 
   // build frame
-  ciMethod* m = compilation()->method();
   __ build_frame(initial_frame_size_in_bytes(), bang_size_in_bytes());
 
   // OSR buffer is
@@ -1339,7 +1338,6 @@ void LIR_Assembler::type_profile_helper(Register mdo,
 
 void LIR_Assembler::emit_typecheck_helper(LIR_OpTypeCheck *op, Label* success, Label* failure, Label* obj_is_null) {
   // we always need a stub for the failure case.
-  CodeStub* stub = op->stub();
   Register obj = op->object()->as_register();
   Register k_RInfo = op->tmp1()->as_register();
   Register klass_RInfo = op->tmp2()->as_register();
@@ -2341,7 +2339,7 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_static_call_stub() {
     return;
   }
 
-  int start = __ offset();
+  DEBUG_ONLY(int start = __ offset();)
 
   // make sure that the displacement word of the call ends up word aligned
   __ align(BytesPerWord, __ offset() + NativeMovConstReg::instruction_size_rex + NativeCall::displacement_offset);
@@ -2937,7 +2935,6 @@ void LIR_Assembler::emit_load_klass(LIR_OpLoadKlass* op) {
 void LIR_Assembler::emit_profile_call(LIR_OpProfileCall* op) {
   ciMethod* method = op->profiled_method();
   int bci          = op->profiled_bci();
-  ciMethod* callee = op->profiled_callee();
   Register tmp_load_klass = rscratch1;
 
   // Update counter for all call types
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRGenerator_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRGenerator_x86.cpp
index 95de5906b62..2642372bc37 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRGenerator_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_LIRGenerator_x86.cpp
@@ -674,7 +674,7 @@ LIR_Opr LIRGenerator::atomic_cmpxchg(BasicType type, LIR_Opr addr, LIRItem& cmp_
 }
 
 LIR_Opr LIRGenerator::atomic_xchg(BasicType type, LIR_Opr addr, LIRItem& value) {
-  bool is_oop = is_reference_type(type);
+  DEBUG_ONLY(bool is_oop = is_reference_type(type);)
   LIR_Opr result = new_register(type);
   value.load_item();
   // Because we want a 2-arg form of xchg and xadd
@@ -920,7 +920,6 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_update_CRC32(Intrinsic* x) {
   assert(UseCRC32Intrinsics, "need AVX and CLMUL instructions support");
   // Make all state_for calls early since they can emit code
   LIR_Opr result = rlock_result(x);
-  int flags = 0;
   switch (x->id()) {
     case vmIntrinsics::_updateCRC32: {
       LIRItem crc(x->argument_at(0), this);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_Runtime1_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_Runtime1_x86.cpp
index 20b6ee0a15f..ecb997e878a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_Runtime1_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c1_Runtime1_x86.cpp
@@ -814,7 +814,6 @@ OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_patching(StubAssembler* sasm, address target) {
 OopMapSet* Runtime1::generate_code_for(StubId id, StubAssembler* sasm) {
 
   // for better readability
-  const bool must_gc_arguments = true;
   const bool dont_gc_arguments = false;
 
   // default value; overwritten for some optimized stubs that are called from methods that do not use the fpu
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp
index 6e08f438a4a..a82067e9576 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_MacroAssembler_x86.cpp
@@ -2243,7 +2243,6 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::reduce16S(int opcode, Register dst, Register src1, XMMRe
 
 void C2_MacroAssembler::reduce32S(int opcode, Register dst, Register src1, XMMRegister src2, XMMRegister vtmp1, XMMRegister vtmp2) {
   assert_different_registers(src2, vtmp1);
-  int vector_len = Assembler::AVX_256bit;
   vextracti64x4_high(vtmp1, src2);
   reduce_operation_256(T_SHORT, opcode, vtmp1, vtmp1, src2);
   reduce16S(opcode, dst, src1, vtmp1, vtmp1, vtmp2);
@@ -2507,7 +2506,6 @@ XMMRegister C2_MacroAssembler::get_lane(BasicType typ, XMMRegister dst, XMMRegis
   int esize =  type2aelembytes(typ);
   int elem_per_lane = 16/esize;
   int lane = elemindex / elem_per_lane;
-  int eindex = elemindex % elem_per_lane;
 
   if (lane >= 2) {
     assert(UseAVX > 2, "required");
@@ -5188,7 +5186,7 @@ void C2_MacroAssembler::vector_castF2X_avx(BasicType to_elem_bt, XMMRegister dst
 void C2_MacroAssembler::vector_castF2X_evex(BasicType to_elem_bt, XMMRegister dst, XMMRegister src, XMMRegister xtmp1,
                                             XMMRegister xtmp2, KRegister ktmp1, KRegister ktmp2, AddressLiteral float_sign_flip,
                                             Register rscratch, int vec_enc) {
-  int to_elem_sz = type2aelembytes(to_elem_bt);
+  DEBUG_ONLY(int to_elem_sz = type2aelembytes(to_elem_bt);)
   assert(to_elem_sz <= 4, "");
   vcvttps2dq(dst, src, vec_enc);
   vector_cast_fp_to_int_special_cases_evex(T_FLOAT, dst, src, xtmp1, xtmp2, ktmp1, ktmp2, rscratch, float_sign_flip, vec_enc);
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_init_x86.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_init_x86.cpp
index 4d8db39bb0c..0a74d0f7f3a 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_init_x86.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_init_x86.cpp
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ void Compile::pd_compiler2_init() {
   if (UseAVX < 3) {
     int delta = XMMRegister::max_slots_per_register * XMMRegister::number_of_registers;
     int bottom = ConcreteRegisterImpl::max_fpr;
-    int top = bottom + delta;
     int middle = bottom + (delta / 2);
     int xmm_slots = XMMRegister::max_slots_per_register;
     int lower = xmm_slots / 2;
diff --git a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_stubGenerator_x86_64_string.cpp b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_stubGenerator_x86_64_string.cpp
index b71fb46f075..6585b60f8a0 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_stubGenerator_x86_64_string.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/cpu/x86/c2_stubGenerator_x86_64_string.cpp
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ static void generate_string_indexof_stubs(StubGenerator *stubgen, address *fnptr
 
   assert(StubInfo::entry_count(stub_id) == 1, "sanity check");
   GrowableArray<address> extras;
-  const int expected_extra_count = 2 * NUMBER_OF_CASES;
+  DEBUG_ONLY(const int expected_extra_count = 2 * NUMBER_OF_CASES;)
   address start = stubgen->load_archive_data(stub_id, nullptr, &extras);
   if (start != nullptr) {
     assert(extras.length() == expected_extra_count,
@@ -1009,7 +1009,6 @@ static void broadcast_first_and_last_needle(Register needle, Register needle_len
                                             MacroAssembler *_masm) {
   bool isUL = (ae == StrIntrinsicNode::UL);
   bool isUU = (ae == StrIntrinsicNode::UU);
-  bool isU = (isUU || isUL);
   Label L_short;
 
   // Always need needle broadcast to ymm registers
@@ -1776,8 +1775,6 @@ static void setup_jump_tables(StrIntrinsicNode::ArgEncoding ae, Label &L_error,
   bool isU = isUL || isUU;  // At least one is UTF-16
   const XMMRegister byte_1 = XMM_BYTE_1;
 
-  int jmp_ndx = 0;
-
   ////////////////////////////////////////////////
   //  On entry to each case, the register state is:
   //
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp
index 19b4d9ae203..a4e07cce619 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_LIRGenerator.cpp
@@ -3097,7 +3097,6 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_Base(Base* x) {
   __ std_entry(LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr);
   // Emit moves from physical registers / stack slots to virtual registers
   CallingConvention* args = compilation()->frame_map()->incoming_arguments();
-  IRScope* irScope = compilation()->hir()->top_scope();
   int java_index = 0;
   for (int i = 0; i < args->length(); i++) {
     LIR_Opr src = args->at(i);
@@ -3445,7 +3444,7 @@ void LIRGenerator::do_RuntimeCall(address routine, Intrinsic* x) {
   assert(x->number_of_arguments() == 0, "wrong type");
   // Enforce computation of _reserved_argument_area_size which is required on some platforms.
   BasicTypeList signature;
-  CallingConvention* cc = frame_map()->c_calling_convention(&signature);
+  frame_map()->c_calling_convention(&signature);
   LIR_Opr reg = result_register_for(x->type());
   __ call_runtime_leaf(routine, getThreadTemp(),
                        reg, new LIR_OprList());
diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_RangeCheckElimination.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_RangeCheckElimination.cpp
index 1adf99cce61..860a8c5470f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_RangeCheckElimination.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/c1/c1_RangeCheckElimination.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -124,7 +124,6 @@ void RangeCheckEliminator::Visitor::do_LogicOp(LogicOp *lo) {
 void RangeCheckEliminator::Visitor::do_Phi(Phi *phi) {
   if (!phi->type()->as_IntType() && !phi->type()->as_ObjectType()) return;
 
-  BlockBegin *block = phi->block();
   int op_count = phi->operand_count();
   bool has_upper = true;
   bool has_lower = true;
@@ -220,7 +219,6 @@ void RangeCheckEliminator::Visitor::do_ArithmeticOp(ArithmeticOp *ao) {
 
   if (ao->op() == Bytecodes::_irem) {
     Bound* x_bound = _rce->get_bound(x);
-    Bound* y_bound = _rce->get_bound(y);
     if (x_bound->lower() >= 0 && x_bound->lower_instr() == nullptr && y->as_ArrayLength() != nullptr) {
       _bound = new Bound(0, nullptr, -1, y);
     } else if (x_bound->has_lower() && x_bound->lower() >= 0 && y->type()->as_IntConstant() &&
@@ -872,7 +870,6 @@ void RangeCheckEliminator::process_access_indexed(BlockBegin *loop_header, Block
       }
 
       // Lower instruction
-      Value index_instr = ai->index();
       Value lower_instr = index_bound->lower_instr();
       if (!loop_invariant(loop_header, lower_instr)) {
         TRACE_RANGE_CHECK_ELIMINATION(

From bbfceab643bafdc5a4e661a1ae34bef0bf9c6215 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yunbo Zhang <benshuai5d@163.com>
Date: Tue, 25 Aug 2026 08:33:29 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 700/707] 8369182: Don't force recompile of
 abstract_vm_version.cpp

Reviewed-by: erikj, jwaters
---
 make/hotspot/lib/CompileJvm.gmk | 7 -------
 1 file changed, 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/make/hotspot/lib/CompileJvm.gmk b/make/hotspot/lib/CompileJvm.gmk
index bb67474b3a0..50b632a49f9 100644
--- a/make/hotspot/lib/CompileJvm.gmk
+++ b/make/hotspot/lib/CompileJvm.gmk
@@ -285,13 +285,6 @@ ifeq ($(call isTargetOs, windows), true)
   $(BUILD_LIBJVM_TARGET): $(WIN_EXPORT_FILE)
 endif
 
-# Always recompile abstract_vm_version.cpp if libjvm needs to be relinked. This ensures
-# that the internal vm version is updated as it relies on __DATE__ and __TIME__
-# macros.
-ABSTRACT_VM_VERSION_OBJ := $(JVM_OUTPUTDIR)/objs/abstract_vm_version$(OBJ_SUFFIX)
-$(ABSTRACT_VM_VERSION_OBJ): $(filter-out $(ABSTRACT_VM_VERSION_OBJ), \
-    $(BUILD_LIBJVM_TARGET_DEPS))
-
 ifneq ($(GENERATE_COMPILE_COMMANDS_ONLY), true)
   ifeq ($(call isTargetOs, windows), true)
     # It doesn't matter which jvm.lib file gets exported, but we need

From 05074deb7932247aca3ce38c47bf76163fa02901 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eric Fang <erfang@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 25 Aug 2026 08:36:20 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 701/707] 8389666: C2: assert(false) failed: unexpected scalar
 opcode for integer DivV*

Reviewed-by: qamai, xgong
---
 src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp         |  4 +
 .../TestVectorBroadcastTransforms.java        | 97 ++++++++++++++++++-
 2 files changed, 100 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
index 45ff6a7ffa2..4bc95eec13f 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/opto/vectornode.cpp
@@ -1281,6 +1281,10 @@ Node* VectorNode::make_scalar(Compile* c, int vopc, BasicType bt, Node* control,
       return new AndINode(in1, in2);
     case Op_AndL:
       return new AndLNode(in1, in2);
+    case Op_DivI:
+      return new DivINode(control, in1, in2);
+    case Op_DivL:
+      return new DivLNode(control, in1, in2);
     case Op_DivF:
       return new DivFNode(control, in1, in2);
     case Op_DivD:
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestVectorBroadcastTransforms.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestVectorBroadcastTransforms.java
index c58a6710c86..be4aeef23e3 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestVectorBroadcastTransforms.java
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/compiler/vectorapi/TestVectorBroadcastTransforms.java
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*
  * @test
- * @bug 8358521
+ * @bug 8358521 8389666
  * @summary Optimize vector operations by reassociating broadcasted inputs
  * @modules jdk.incubator.vector
  * @library /test/lib /
@@ -107,6 +107,41 @@ static void run_int_mul() {
         Verify.checkEQ(ir, ia * ib);
     }
 
+    // Integer vector DIV is currently matched on SVE. push_through_replicate
+    // must be able to scalarize DivVI via VectorNode::make_scalar(Op_DivI).
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = IRNode.DIV_VI,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve", "true"},
+        counts = { IRNode.DIV_I, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.REPLICATE_I, IRNode.VECTOR_SIZE_ANY, ">= 1" })
+    static int int_div(int ia, int ib) {
+        return IntVector.broadcast(ISP, ia)
+                   .lanewise(VectorOperators.DIV, IntVector.broadcast(ISP, ib))
+                   .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "int_div")
+    static void run_int_div() {
+        int ia = R.nextInt();
+        int ib = R.nextInt();
+        if (ib == 0) ib = 1;
+        int ir = int_div(ia, ib);
+        Verify.checkEQ(ir, ia / ib);
+    }
+
+    // Minimal crash reproducer from VectorExpressionFuzzer (constant broadcasts).
+    @Test
+    static int int_div_broadcast_constants() {
+        return IntVector.broadcast(IntVector.SPECIES_128, -4096)
+                   .div(IntVector.broadcast(IntVector.SPECIES_128, 1))
+                   .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "int_div_broadcast_constants")
+    static void run_int_div_broadcast_constants() {
+        Verify.checkEQ(int_div_broadcast_constants(), -4096);
+    }
+
     @Test
     @IR(failOn = IRNode.AND_VI,
         applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"},
@@ -257,6 +292,26 @@ static void run_long_mul() {
         Verify.checkEQ(lr, la * lb);
     }
 
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = IRNode.DIV_VL,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve", "true"},
+        counts = { IRNode.DIV_L, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.REPLICATE_L, IRNode.VECTOR_SIZE_ANY, ">= 1" })
+    static long long_div(long la, long lb) {
+        return LongVector.broadcast(LSP, la)
+                   .div(LongVector.broadcast(LSP, lb))
+                   .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "long_div")
+    static void run_long_div() {
+        long la = R.nextLong();
+        long lb = R.nextLong();
+        if (lb == 0L) lb = 1L;
+        long lr = long_div(la, lb);
+        Verify.checkEQ(lr, la / lb);
+    }
+
     @Test
     @IR(failOn = IRNode.AND_VL,
         applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"},
@@ -784,6 +839,26 @@ static void run_byte_mul() {
         Verify.checkEQ(br, (byte) (ba * bb));
     }
 
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = IRNode.DIV_VB,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve", "true"},
+        counts = { IRNode.DIV_I, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.REPLICATE_B, IRNode.VECTOR_SIZE_ANY, ">= 1" })
+    static byte byte_div(byte ba, byte bb) {
+        return ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, ba)
+                   .div(ByteVector.broadcast(BSP, bb))
+                   .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "byte_div")
+    static void run_byte_div() {
+        byte ba = (byte) R.nextInt();
+        byte bb = (byte) R.nextInt();
+        if (bb == 0) bb = 1;
+        byte br = byte_div(ba, bb);
+        Verify.checkEQ(br, (byte) (ba / bb));
+    }
+
     @Test
     @IR(failOn = IRNode.AND_VB,
         applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"},
@@ -1007,6 +1082,26 @@ static void run_short_mul() {
         Verify.checkEQ(sr, (short) (sa * sb));
     }
 
+    @Test
+    @IR(failOn = IRNode.DIV_VS,
+        applyIfCPUFeature = {"sve", "true"},
+        counts = { IRNode.DIV_I, ">= 1",
+                   IRNode.REPLICATE_S, IRNode.VECTOR_SIZE_ANY, ">= 1" })
+    static short short_div(short sa, short sb) {
+        return ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, sa)
+                   .div(ShortVector.broadcast(SSP, sb))
+                   .lane(0);
+    }
+
+    @Run(test = "short_div")
+    static void run_short_div() {
+        short sa = (short) R.nextInt();
+        short sb = (short) R.nextInt();
+        if (sb == 0) sb = 1;
+        short sr = short_div(sa, sb);
+        Verify.checkEQ(sr, (short) (sa / sb));
+    }
+
     @Test
     @IR(failOn = IRNode.AND_VS,
         applyIfCPUFeatureOr = {"avx", "true", "asimd", "true"},

From f1e6f6d0625ba3e178a97ea7109510cd80a13b30 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthias Baesken <mbaesken@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 25 Aug 2026 09:00:44 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 702/707] 8390469: LogTest_large_message_vm_Test::TestBody
 crashes in case of low disc space

Reviewed-by: iklam, jsjolen, lucy
---
 test/hotspot/gtest/logging/test_log.cpp | 3 ++-
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/test/hotspot/gtest/logging/test_log.cpp b/test/hotspot/gtest/logging/test_log.cpp
index 871f2aa9bbe..2580bf8b78a 100644
--- a/test/hotspot/gtest/logging/test_log.cpp
+++ b/test/hotspot/gtest/logging/test_log.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ TEST_VM_F(LogTest, large_message) {
   fclose(fp);
 
   size_t count = 0;
+  ASSERT_NE(nullptr, output);
   for (size_t ps = 0 ; output[ps + count] != '\0'; output[ps + count] == Xchar ? count++ : ps++);
   EXPECT_EQ(sizeof(big_msg) - 1, count);
 }

From 51bb52c5c0a5a764dd080dc23bed0829fd0ae638 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Stuefe <stuefe@openjdk.org>
Date: Tue, 25 Aug 2026 09:41:11 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 703/707] 8391051: UnsafeAccessErrorHandshakeClosure should not
 be passed nullptr

Reviewed-by: roland, sgehwolf
---
 src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.inline.hpp | 4 ++++
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.inline.hpp b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.inline.hpp
index a5a3f9990cf..293452ed9cc 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.inline.hpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/runtime/javaThread.inline.hpp
@@ -111,10 +111,14 @@ class UnsafeAccessErrorHandshakeClosure : public AsyncHandshakeClosure {
  public:
   UnsafeAccessErrorHandshakeClosure() : AsyncHandshakeClosure("UnsafeAccessErrorHandshakeClosure") {}
   void do_thread(Thread* thr) {
+    PRAGMA_DIAG_PUSH
+    PRAGMA_NONNULL_IGNORED
+    // Suppress GCC warning for nonnull as it doesn't recognize that `thr` is always the current thread.
     JavaThread* self = JavaThread::cast(thr);
     assert(self == JavaThread::current(), "must be");
 
     self->handshake_state()->handle_unsafe_access_error();
+    PRAGMA_DIAG_POP
   }
   bool is_async_exception()   { return true; }
 };

From 4b6e7764bd0ec6c8b50b6fbbcea28536f43b09dd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Harald Eilertsen <haraldei@anduin.net>
Date: Tue, 5 May 2026 12:41:48 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 704/707] Port hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_bsd.cpp to BSD

Implements CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance for FreeBSD, OpenBSD
and NetBSD. This is essentially a parallel implementation to the macOS
implementation in this source file.

This work is sponsored by The FreeBSD Foundation

Co-authored-by: Kurt Miller <kurt@openjdk.org>
Co-authored-by: Greg Lewis <glewis@openjdk.org>
---
 src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_bsd.cpp | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 599 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_bsd.cpp b/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_bsd.cpp
index 47fe3a0d7e9..12132396529 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_bsd.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_bsd.cpp
@@ -30,18 +30,30 @@
 
 #ifdef __APPLE__
   #import <libproc.h>
-  #include <sys/time.h>
-  #include <sys/sysctl.h>
   #include <mach/mach.h>
   #include <mach/task_info.h>
-  #include <sys/socket.h>
-  #include <net/if.h>
-  #include <net/if_dl.h>
-  #include <net/route.h>
-  #include <sys/times.h>
+#else
+# if !defined(__NetBSD__)
+  #include <sys/user.h>
+# endif
+  #include <sys/sched.h>
+  #include <sys/resource.h>
+  #define NET_RT_IFLIST2 NET_RT_IFLIST
+  #define RTM_IFINFO2    RTM_IFINFO
+#endif
+#ifdef __NetBSD__
+  #include <uvm/uvm_extern.h>
 #endif
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <sys/sysctl.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <net/if.h>
+#include <net/if_dl.h>
+#include <net/route.h>
+#include <sys/times.h>
 
-static const double NANOS_PER_SEC = 1000000000.0;
+static const time_t NANOS_PER_SEC = 1000000000LL;
+static const time_t MICROS_PER_SEC = 1000000LL;
 
 class CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance : public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
    friend class CPUPerformanceInterface;
@@ -55,6 +67,30 @@ class CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance : public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
   long _used_ticks;
   long _total_ticks;
   int  _active_processor_count;
+#else
+  struct CPUTicks {
+    uint64_t usedTicks;
+    uint64_t totalTicks;
+  };
+
+  struct JVMTicks {
+    uint64_t userTicks;
+    uint64_t systemTicks;
+    CPUTicks cpuTicks;
+  };
+
+  int _num_procs;
+  int _stathz;          // statistics clock frequency
+  JVMTicks _jvm_ticks;
+  CPUTicks* _cpus;
+  long _total_csr_nanos;
+  long _jvm_context_switches;
+
+  int init_stathz(void);
+  uint64_t tvtoticks(struct timeval tv);
+  int get_cpu_ticks(CPUTicks *ticks, int which_logical_cpu);
+  int get_jvm_ticks(JVMTicks *jvm_ticks);
+#endif
 
   bool now_in_nanos(uint64_t* resultp) {
     struct timespec tp;
@@ -66,11 +102,10 @@ class CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance : public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
     *resultp = tp.tv_sec * NANOS_PER_SEC + tp.tv_nsec;
     return true;
   }
-#endif
-
   double normalize(double value) {
     return MIN2<double>(MAX2<double>(value, 0.0), 1.0);
   }
+
   int cpu_load(int which_logical_cpu, double* cpu_load);
   int context_switch_rate(double* rate);
   int cpu_load_total_process(double* cpu_load);
@@ -84,8 +119,9 @@ class CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance : public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
   ~CPUPerformance();
 };
 
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
+
 CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::CPUPerformance() {
-#ifdef __APPLE__
   _jvm_real = 0;
   _total_csr_nanos= 0;
   _jvm_context_switches = 0;
@@ -94,7 +130,6 @@ CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::CPUPerformance() {
   _used_ticks = 0;
   _total_ticks = 0;
   _active_processor_count = 0;
-#endif
 }
 
 bool CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::initialize() {
@@ -109,7 +144,6 @@ int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::cpu_load(int which_logical_cpu, dou
 }
 
 int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::cpu_load_total_process(double* cpu_load) {
-#ifdef __APPLE__
   host_name_port_t host = mach_host_self();
   host_flavor_t flavor = HOST_CPU_LOAD_INFO;
   mach_msg_type_number_t host_info_count = HOST_CPU_LOAD_INFO_COUNT;
@@ -144,13 +178,9 @@ int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::cpu_load_total_process(double* cpu_
   *cpu_load = (double)used_delta / total_delta;
 
   return OS_OK;
-#else
-  return FUNCTIONALITY_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
-#endif
 }
 
 int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::cpu_loads_process(double* pjvmUserLoad, double* pjvmKernelLoad, double* psystemTotalLoad) {
-#ifdef __APPLE__
   int result = cpu_load_total_process(psystemTotalLoad);
 
   struct tms buf;
@@ -183,11 +213,279 @@ int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::cpu_loads_process(double* pjvmUserL
   _jvm_system = jvm_system;
 
   return result;
+}
+
+#else // !APPLE
+
+CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::CPUPerformance() {
+  _num_procs = 0;
+  _stathz = 0;
+  _jvm_ticks = JVMTicks();
+  _cpus = nullptr;
+  _total_csr_nanos= 0;
+  _jvm_context_switches = 0;
+}
+
+bool CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::initialize() {
+  _num_procs = os::processor_count();
+  if (_num_procs < 1) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (init_stathz() != OS_OK) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  size_t cpus_array_count = _num_procs + 1;
+  _cpus = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(CPUTicks, cpus_array_count, mtInternal);
+  if (_cpus == nullptr) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  memset(_cpus, 0, cpus_array_count * sizeof(*_cpus));
+
+  // For the CPU load total
+  if (get_cpu_ticks(&_cpus[_num_procs], -1) != OS_OK) {
+    FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(_cpus);
+    _cpus = nullptr;
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // For each CPU. Ignoring errors.
+  for (int i = 0; i < _num_procs; i++) {
+    get_cpu_ticks(&_cpus[i], i);
+  }
+
+  // For JVM load
+  if (get_jvm_ticks(&_jvm_ticks) != OS_OK) {
+    FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(_cpus);
+    _cpus = nullptr;
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::~CPUPerformance() {
+  if (_cpus != nullptr) {
+    FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(_cpus);
+  }
+}
+
+int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::init_stathz(void) {
+  struct clockinfo ci;
+  size_t length = sizeof(ci);
+  int mib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_CLOCKRATE };
+  const u_int miblen = sizeof(mib) / sizeof(mib[0]);
+
+  if (sysctl(mib, miblen, &ci, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  _stathz = ci.stathz;
+
+  return OS_OK;
+}
+
+int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::get_cpu_ticks(CPUTicks *ticks, int which_logical_cpu) {
+#if defined(__NetBSD__)
+  uint64_t cpu_load_info[CPUSTATES];
 #else
-  return FUNCTIONALITY_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+  long cpu_load_info[CPUSTATES];
+#endif
+  size_t length = sizeof(cpu_load_info);
+
+  if (which_logical_cpu == -1) {
+#if defined(__OpenBSD__)
+    int mib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_CPTIME };
+    const u_int miblen = sizeof(mib) / sizeof(mib[0]);
+
+    if (sysctl(mib, miblen, &cpu_load_info, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
+      return OS_ERR;
+    }
+    // OpenBSD returns the sum/_num_procs. Unify with other stat units
+    for (size_t i=0; i < CPUSTATES; i++) {
+       cpu_load_info[i] *= _num_procs;
+    }
+#else
+    if (sysctlbyname("kern.cp_time", &cpu_load_info, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
+      return OS_ERR;
+    }
+#endif
+  } else {
+#if defined(__OpenBSD__)
+    int mib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_CPTIME2, which_logical_cpu };
+    const u_int miblen = sizeof(mib) / sizeof(mib[0]);
+
+    if (sysctl(mib, miblen, &cpu_load_info, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
+      return OS_ERR;
+    }
+#elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
+    size_t alllength = length * _num_procs;
+    long *allcpus = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(long, CPUSTATES * _num_procs, mtInternal);
+
+    if (sysctlbyname("kern.cp_times", allcpus, &alllength, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
+      FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(allcpus);
+      return OS_ERR;
+    }
+
+    memcpy(cpu_load_info, &allcpus[which_logical_cpu * CPUSTATES], sizeof(long) * CPUSTATES);
+    FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(allcpus);
+#else
+    char name[24];
+    os::snprintf_checked(name, sizeof(name), "kern.cp_time.%d", which_logical_cpu);
+    if (sysctlbyname(name, &cpu_load_info, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
+      return OS_ERR;
+    }
 #endif
+  }
+
+  ticks->totalTicks = 0;
+  for (size_t i=0; i < CPUSTATES; i++) {
+     ticks->totalTicks += cpu_load_info[i];
+  }
+  ticks->usedTicks = ticks->totalTicks - cpu_load_info[CP_IDLE];
+
+  return OS_OK;
+}
+
+uint64_t CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::tvtoticks(struct timeval tv) {
+  uint64_t ticks = 0;
+  ticks += (uint64_t)tv.tv_sec * _stathz;
+  ticks += (uint64_t)tv.tv_usec * _stathz / MICROS_PER_SEC;
+  return ticks;
+}
+
+int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::get_jvm_ticks(JVMTicks *jvm_ticks) {
+  struct rusage usage;
+
+  if (getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &usage) != 0) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  if (get_cpu_ticks(&jvm_ticks->cpuTicks, -1) != OS_OK) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  jvm_ticks->userTicks = tvtoticks(usage.ru_utime);
+  jvm_ticks->systemTicks = tvtoticks(usage.ru_stime);
+
+  // ensure values are consistent with each other
+  if (jvm_ticks->userTicks + jvm_ticks->systemTicks > jvm_ticks->cpuTicks.usedTicks)
+    jvm_ticks->cpuTicks.usedTicks = jvm_ticks->userTicks + jvm_ticks->systemTicks;
+
+  if (jvm_ticks->cpuTicks.usedTicks > jvm_ticks->cpuTicks.totalTicks)
+    jvm_ticks->cpuTicks.totalTicks = jvm_ticks->cpuTicks.usedTicks;
+
+  return OS_OK;
+}
+
+int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::cpu_load(int which_logical_cpu, double* cpu_load) {
+  CPUTicks curCPUTicks, *prevCPUTicks;
+  uint64_t cpuUsedDelta, cpuTotalDelta;
+
+  *cpu_load = 0.0;
+
+  if (_cpus == nullptr) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  if (which_logical_cpu < -1 || which_logical_cpu >= _num_procs) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  if (get_cpu_ticks(&curCPUTicks, which_logical_cpu) != OS_OK) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  const int cpu_idx = (which_logical_cpu == -1) ? _num_procs : which_logical_cpu;
+  prevCPUTicks = &_cpus[cpu_idx];
+
+  cpuUsedDelta = curCPUTicks.usedTicks > prevCPUTicks->usedTicks ?
+    curCPUTicks.usedTicks - prevCPUTicks->usedTicks : 0;
+  cpuTotalDelta = curCPUTicks.totalTicks > prevCPUTicks->totalTicks ?
+    curCPUTicks.totalTicks - prevCPUTicks->totalTicks : 0;
+
+  prevCPUTicks->usedTicks = curCPUTicks.usedTicks;
+  prevCPUTicks->totalTicks = curCPUTicks.totalTicks;
+
+  if (cpuTotalDelta == 0)
+    return OS_ERR;
+
+  if (cpuUsedDelta > cpuTotalDelta)
+    cpuTotalDelta = cpuUsedDelta;
+
+  *cpu_load = (double)cpuUsedDelta/cpuTotalDelta;
+
+  return OS_OK;
+}
+
+int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::cpu_load_total_process(double* cpu_load) {
+  double jvmUserLoad, jvmKernelLoad, systemTotalLoad;
+
+  if (cpu_loads_process(&jvmUserLoad, &jvmKernelLoad, &systemTotalLoad) != OS_OK) {
+    *cpu_load = 0.0;
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  *cpu_load = jvmUserLoad + jvmKernelLoad;
+  return OS_OK;
+}
+
+int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::cpu_loads_process(double* pjvmUserLoad, double* pjvmKernelLoad, double* psystemTotalLoad) {
+  JVMTicks curJVMTicks;
+  CPUTicks *curCPUTicks, *prevCPUTicks;
+
+  uint64_t jvmUserDelta, jvmSystemDelta, cpuUsedDelta, cpuTotalDelta;
+
+  *pjvmUserLoad = 0.0;
+  *pjvmKernelLoad = 0.0;
+  *psystemTotalLoad = 0.0;
+
+  if (_cpus == nullptr) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  if (get_jvm_ticks(&curJVMTicks) != OS_OK) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  curCPUTicks = &curJVMTicks.cpuTicks;
+  prevCPUTicks = &_jvm_ticks.cpuTicks;
+
+  jvmUserDelta = curJVMTicks.userTicks > _jvm_ticks.userTicks ?
+    curJVMTicks.userTicks - _jvm_ticks.userTicks : 0;
+  jvmSystemDelta = curJVMTicks.systemTicks > _jvm_ticks.systemTicks ?
+    curJVMTicks.systemTicks - _jvm_ticks.systemTicks : 0;
+
+  cpuUsedDelta = curCPUTicks->usedTicks > prevCPUTicks->usedTicks ?
+    curCPUTicks->usedTicks - prevCPUTicks->usedTicks : 0;
+  cpuTotalDelta = curCPUTicks->totalTicks > prevCPUTicks->totalTicks ?
+    curCPUTicks->totalTicks - prevCPUTicks->totalTicks : 0;
+
+  _jvm_ticks.userTicks = curJVMTicks.userTicks;
+  _jvm_ticks.systemTicks = curJVMTicks.systemTicks;
+  prevCPUTicks->usedTicks = curCPUTicks->usedTicks;
+  prevCPUTicks->totalTicks = curCPUTicks->totalTicks;
+
+  // ensure values are consistent with each other
+  if (jvmUserDelta + jvmSystemDelta > cpuUsedDelta)
+    cpuUsedDelta = jvmUserDelta + jvmSystemDelta;
+
+  if (cpuUsedDelta > cpuTotalDelta)
+    cpuTotalDelta = cpuUsedDelta;
+
+  if (cpuTotalDelta == 0) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  *pjvmUserLoad = (double)jvmUserDelta/cpuTotalDelta;
+  *pjvmKernelLoad = (double)jvmSystemDelta/cpuTotalDelta;
+  *psystemTotalLoad = (double)cpuUsedDelta/cpuTotalDelta;
+
+  return OS_OK;
 }
 
+#endif
+
 int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::context_switch_rate(double* rate) {
 #ifdef __APPLE__
   mach_port_t task = mach_task_self();
@@ -198,19 +496,42 @@ int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::context_switch_rate(double* rate) {
     return OS_ERR;
   }
 
+  long jvm_context_switches = ((task_events_info_t)task_info_data)->csw;
+#elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
+  unsigned int jvm_context_switches = 0;
+  size_t length = sizeof(jvm_context_switches);
+  if (sysctlbyname("vm.stats.sys.v_swtch", &jvm_context_switches, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+#elif defined(__OpenBSD__) || defined(__NetBSD__)
+#if defined(__OpenBSD__)
+  struct uvmexp js;
+  int mib[] = { CTL_VM, VM_UVMEXP };
+#else
+  struct uvmexp_sysctl js;
+  int mib[] = { CTL_VM, VM_UVMEXP2 };
+#endif
+  size_t jslength = sizeof(js);
+  const u_int miblen = sizeof(mib) / sizeof(mib[0]);
+  unsigned int jvm_context_switches = 0;
+  if (sysctl(mib, miblen, &js, &jslength, nullptr, 0) != 0) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  jvm_context_switches = (unsigned int)js.swtch;
+#endif
+
   int result = OS_OK;
   if (_total_csr_nanos == 0 || _jvm_context_switches == 0) {
     // First call just set initial values.
     result = OS_ERR;
   }
 
-  long jvm_context_switches = ((task_events_info_t)task_info_data)->csw;
-
   uint64_t total_csr_nanos;
   if(!now_in_nanos(&total_csr_nanos)) {
     return OS_ERR;
   }
-  double delta_in_sec = (double)(total_csr_nanos - _total_csr_nanos) / NANOS_PER_SEC;
+  double delta_in_sec = (double)(total_csr_nanos - _total_csr_nanos) / (double)NANOS_PER_SEC;
   if (delta_in_sec == 0.0) {
     // Avoid division by zero
     return OS_ERR;
@@ -222,9 +543,6 @@ int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::context_switch_rate(double* rate) {
   _total_csr_nanos = total_csr_nanos;
 
   return result;
-#else
-  return FUNCTIONALITY_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
-#endif
 }
 
 CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformanceInterface() {
@@ -339,8 +657,255 @@ int SystemProcessInterface::SystemProcesses::system_processes(SystemProcess** sy
   *system_processes = next;
 
   return OS_OK;
+#elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
+  struct kinfo_proc *lproc;
+  int mib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC, KERN_PROC_PROC };
+  const u_int miblen = sizeof(mib) / sizeof(mib[0]);
+  size_t length;
+  int pid_count;
+
+  if (sysctl(mib, miblen, nullptr, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  lproc = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(struct kinfo_proc, length, mtInternal);
+  if (lproc == nullptr) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  if (sysctl(mib, miblen, lproc, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
+    FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(lproc);
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  pid_count = length / sizeof(*lproc);
+  int process_count = 0;
+  SystemProcess *next = nullptr;
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < pid_count; i++) {
+    // Executable path
+    int pmib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC, KERN_PROC_PATHNAME, lproc[i].ki_pid };
+    const u_int pmiblen = sizeof(pmib) / sizeof(pmib[0]);
+    char pbuf[PATH_MAX];
+    size_t plen = sizeof(pbuf);
+    if (sysctl(pmib, pmiblen, pbuf, &plen, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    plen = strnlen(pbuf, PATH_MAX);
+    if (plen == 0) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    char *path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, plen + 1, mtInternal);
+    if (path == nullptr) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    strlcpy(path, pbuf, plen + 1);
+
+    // Command line
+    int amib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC, KERN_PROC_ARGS, lproc[i].ki_pid };
+    const u_int amiblen = sizeof(amib) / sizeof(amib[0]);
+    char abuf[ARG_MAX];
+    size_t alen = sizeof(abuf);
+    char *cmdline = nullptr;
+    if (sysctl(amib, amiblen, abuf, &alen, nullptr, 0) != -1 && alen > 0) {
+      // Arguments are NUL separated in the result, replace that with a space
+      for (size_t j = 0; j < alen; j++) {
+        if (abuf[j] == '\0') {
+          abuf[j] = ' ';
+        }
+      }
+      cmdline = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, alen + 1, mtInternal);
+      if (cmdline != nullptr) {
+        strlcpy(cmdline, abuf, alen + 1);
+      }
+    }
+
+    SystemProcess* current = new SystemProcess();
+    current->set_pid((int)lproc[i].ki_pid);
+    current->set_path(path);
+    current->set_command_line(cmdline);
+    current->set_next(next);
+    next = current;
+    process_count++;
+  }
+
+  FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(lproc);
+  *no_of_sys_processes = process_count;
+  *system_processes = next;
+
+  return OS_OK;
+#elif defined(__OpenBSD__)
+  struct kinfo_proc *lproc;
+  int mib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC, KERN_PROC_ALL, 0, sizeof(struct kinfo_proc), 0 };
+  const u_int miblen = sizeof(mib) / sizeof(mib[0]);
+  size_t length;
+  int pid_count, ret = OS_OK;
+
+  if (sysctl(mib, miblen, nullptr, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  lproc = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(struct kinfo_proc, length, mtInternal);
+  if (lproc == nullptr) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  mib[5] = length / sizeof(struct kinfo_proc);
+
+  if (sysctl(mib, miblen, lproc, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
+    FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(lproc);
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  pid_count = length / sizeof(*lproc);
+  int process_count = 0;
+  SystemProcess *next = nullptr;
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < pid_count; i++) {
+    int pmib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC_ARGS, lproc[i].p_pid, KERN_PROC_ARGV };
+    const u_int pmiblen = sizeof(pmib) / sizeof(pmib[0]);
+    size_t slen;
+
+    if (sysctl(pmib, pmiblen, nullptr, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
+      ret = OS_ERR;
+      break;
+    }
+
+    // Allocate space for args and get the arguments
+    char **argv = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char*, length, mtInternal);
+    if (argv == nullptr) {
+      ret = OS_ERR;
+      break;
+    }
+
+    if (sysctl(pmib, pmiblen, argv, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
+      ret = OS_ERR;
+      FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(argv);
+      break;
+    }
+
+    if (argv[0] == nullptr) {
+      FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(argv);
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    slen = strnlen(argv[0], length);
+    if (slen > 0) {
+      SystemProcess* current = new SystemProcess();
+      char * path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, slen + 1, mtInternal);
+      strlcpy(path, argv[0], slen + 1);
+      current->set_path(path);
+      current->set_pid((int)lproc[i].p_pid);
+      /* TODO: build concatenated string for current->set_command_line() */
+      current->set_next(next);
+      next = current;
+      process_count++;
+    }
+
+    FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(argv);
+  }
+
+  FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(lproc);
+
+  if (ret != OS_OK) {
+    SystemProcess* current = next;
+    while (current) {
+      next = current->next();
+      delete current; /* ~SystemProcess frees internal strings */
+      current = next;
+    }
+    return ret;
+  }
+
+  *no_of_sys_processes = process_count;
+  *system_processes = next;
+
+  return OS_OK;
+#elif defined(__NetBSD__)
+  struct kinfo_proc2 *lproc;
+  int mib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC2, KERN_PROC_ALL, 0, sizeof(struct kinfo_proc2), 0 };
+  const u_int miblen = sizeof(mib) / sizeof(mib[0]);
+  size_t length;
+  int pid_count;
+
+  if (sysctl(mib, miblen, nullptr, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  lproc = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(struct kinfo_proc2, length, mtInternal);
+  if (lproc == nullptr) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  mib[5] = length / sizeof(struct kinfo_proc2);
+
+  if (sysctl(mib, miblen, lproc, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
+    FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(lproc);
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  pid_count = length / sizeof(*lproc);
+  int process_count = 0;
+  SystemProcess *next = nullptr;
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < pid_count; i++) {
+    // Executable path
+#if !defined(KERN_PROC_PATHNAME)
+#define KERN_PROC_PATHNAME 5
 #endif
+    int pmib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC_ARGS, lproc[i].p_pid, KERN_PROC_PATHNAME };
+    const u_int pmiblen = sizeof(pmib) / sizeof(pmib[0]);
+    char pbuf[PATH_MAX];
+    size_t plen = sizeof(pbuf);
+    if (sysctl(pmib, pmiblen, pbuf, &plen, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    plen = strnlen(pbuf, PATH_MAX);
+    if (plen == 0) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    char *path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, plen + 1, mtInternal);
+    if (path == nullptr) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    strlcpy(path, pbuf, plen + 1);
+
+    // Command line
+    int amib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC_ARGS, lproc[i].p_pid, KERN_PROC_ARGV };
+    const u_int amiblen = sizeof(amib) / sizeof(amib[0]);
+    char abuf[ARG_MAX];
+    size_t alen = sizeof(abuf);
+    char *cmdline = nullptr;
+    if (sysctl(amib, amiblen, abuf, &alen, nullptr, 0) != -1 && alen > 0) {
+      // Arguments are NUL separated in the result, replace that with a space
+      for (size_t j = 0; j < alen; j++) {
+        if (abuf[j] == '\0') {
+          abuf[j] = ' ';
+        }
+      }
+      cmdline = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, alen + 1, mtInternal);
+      if (cmdline != nullptr) {
+        strlcpy(cmdline, abuf, alen + 1);
+      }
+    }
+
+    SystemProcess* current = new SystemProcess();
+    current->set_pid((int)lproc[i].p_pid);
+    current->set_path(path);
+    current->set_command_line(cmdline);
+    current->set_next(next);
+    next = current;
+    process_count++;
+  }
+
+  FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(lproc);
+  *no_of_sys_processes = process_count;
+  *system_processes = next;
+
+  return OS_OK;
+#else
   return FUNCTIONALITY_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+#endif
 }
 
 int SystemProcessInterface::system_processes(SystemProcess** system_procs, int* no_of_sys_processes) const {
@@ -443,17 +1008,25 @@ int NetworkPerformanceInterface::NetworkPerformance::network_utilization(Network
       continue;
     }
 
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
     if_msghdr2* msghdr2 = reinterpret_cast<if_msghdr2*>(msghdr);
     sockaddr_dl* sockaddr = reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_dl*>(msghdr2 + 1);
+#else
+    sockaddr_dl* sockaddr = reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_dl*>(msghdr + 1);
+#endif
 
     // The interface name is not necessarily NUL-terminated
     char name_buf[128];
     size_t name_len = MIN2(sizeof(name_buf) - 1, static_cast<size_t>(sockaddr->sdl_nlen));
-    strncpy(name_buf, sockaddr->sdl_data, name_len);
-    name_buf[name_len] = '\0';
+    strlcpy(name_buf, sockaddr->sdl_data, name_len + 1);
 
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
     uint64_t bytes_in = msghdr2->ifm_data.ifi_ibytes;
     uint64_t bytes_out = msghdr2->ifm_data.ifi_obytes;
+#else
+    uint64_t bytes_in = msghdr->ifm_data.ifi_ibytes;
+    uint64_t bytes_out = msghdr->ifm_data.ifi_obytes;
+#endif
 
     NetworkInterface* cur = new NetworkInterface(name_buf, bytes_in, bytes_out, ret);
     ret = cur;

From ac8df319205fdcc46b4ff6e9bd3463cb1827af0b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Harald Eilertsen <haraldei@anduin.net>
Date: Fri, 29 May 2026 15:39:08 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 705/707] Address review comments

- Clean up #include section
- Revert NANOS_PER_SEC back to a double
- Move NetBSD def of KERN_PROC_PATHNAME to #include section

This work is sponsored by The FreeBSD Foundation
---
 src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_bsd.cpp | 19 +++++++++----------
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_bsd.cpp b/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_bsd.cpp
index 12132396529..7a59b26c20d 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_bsd.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_bsd.cpp
@@ -33,7 +33,12 @@
   #include <mach/mach.h>
   #include <mach/task_info.h>
 #else
-# if !defined(__NetBSD__)
+# if defined(__NetBSD__)
+  #include <uvm/uvm_extern.h>
+  #if !defined(KERN_PROC_PATHNAME)
+  #  define KERN_PROC_PATHNAME 5
+  #endif
+# else
   #include <sys/user.h>
 # endif
   #include <sys/sched.h>
@@ -41,9 +46,6 @@
   #define NET_RT_IFLIST2 NET_RT_IFLIST
   #define RTM_IFINFO2    RTM_IFINFO
 #endif
-#ifdef __NetBSD__
-  #include <uvm/uvm_extern.h>
-#endif
 #include <sys/time.h>
 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
 #include <sys/socket.h>
@@ -52,7 +54,7 @@
 #include <net/route.h>
 #include <sys/times.h>
 
-static const time_t NANOS_PER_SEC = 1000000000LL;
+static const double NANOS_PER_SEC = 1000000000.0;
 static const time_t MICROS_PER_SEC = 1000000LL;
 
 class CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance : public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
@@ -99,7 +101,7 @@ class CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance : public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
     if (status != 0) {
       return false;
     }
-    *resultp = tp.tv_sec * NANOS_PER_SEC + tp.tv_nsec;
+    *resultp = tp.tv_sec * (uint64_t)NANOS_PER_SEC + tp.tv_nsec;
     return true;
   }
   double normalize(double value) {
@@ -531,7 +533,7 @@ int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::context_switch_rate(double* rate) {
   if(!now_in_nanos(&total_csr_nanos)) {
     return OS_ERR;
   }
-  double delta_in_sec = (double)(total_csr_nanos - _total_csr_nanos) / (double)NANOS_PER_SEC;
+  double delta_in_sec = (double)(total_csr_nanos - _total_csr_nanos) / NANOS_PER_SEC;
   if (delta_in_sec == 0.0) {
     // Avoid division by zero
     return OS_ERR;
@@ -850,9 +852,6 @@ int SystemProcessInterface::SystemProcesses::system_processes(SystemProcess** sy
 
   for (int i = 0; i < pid_count; i++) {
     // Executable path
-#if !defined(KERN_PROC_PATHNAME)
-#define KERN_PROC_PATHNAME 5
-#endif
     int pmib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC_ARGS, lproc[i].p_pid, KERN_PROC_PATHNAME };
     const u_int pmiblen = sizeof(pmib) / sizeof(pmib[0]);
     char pbuf[PATH_MAX];

From 16b3b077ce02ef9477da1972e50aa10612275cd9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Harald Eilertsen <haraldei@anduin.net>
Date: Tue, 2 Jun 2026 11:28:55 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 706/707] Refactor hotspot/os_perf for BSD and macOS

Split implementation into separate source files for macOS and BSD where
necessary, and consolidate the code that's common between them into a
common source.

- Split CPUPerformanceInterface impl for BSD and macOS, but keep the
  common PIMPL wrapper class.
- Move SystemProcessInterface::SystemProcess to common code, implement
  functions to imitate relevant macOS proc.h function for the BSD's.
- Drop retreiving process args for FreeBSD and NetBSD for now, this was
  not implemented for macOS or OpenBSD in any case. Can add it back
  later if it has value.
- Move NetworkPerformanceInterface::NetworkPerformance to common code.
  Only minor adjustments via conditional sections between macOS and BSD
  implementation.

This work is sponsored by The FreeBSD Foundation

Co-authored-by: Kurt Miller <bsdkurt@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Greg Lewis <glewis@eyesbeyond.com>
---
 make/hotspot/lib/JvmOverrideFiles.gmk |   9 +-
 src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_bsd.cpp    | 758 +++-----------------------
 src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_bsd.hpp    |  90 +++
 src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_common.cpp | 299 ++++++++++
 src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_macos.cpp  | 171 ++++++
 src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_macos.hpp  |  68 +++
 6 files changed, 721 insertions(+), 674 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_bsd.hpp
 create mode 100644 src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_common.cpp
 create mode 100644 src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_macos.cpp
 create mode 100644 src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_macos.hpp

diff --git a/make/hotspot/lib/JvmOverrideFiles.gmk b/make/hotspot/lib/JvmOverrideFiles.gmk
index 526d1dab31c..27befe085ca 100644
--- a/make/hotspot/lib/JvmOverrideFiles.gmk
+++ b/make/hotspot/lib/JvmOverrideFiles.gmk
@@ -76,7 +76,9 @@ ifeq ($(call isTargetOs, linux), true)
   endif
 
 else ifeq ($(call isTargetOs, macosx), true)
-  JVM_EXCLUDE_FILES += decoder_bsd.cpp
+  JVM_EXCLUDE_FILES += \
+      decoder_bsd.cpp \
+      os_perf_bsd.cpp
   # The copied fdlibm routines in these files must not be optimized
   BUILD_LIBJVM_sharedRuntimeTrig.cpp_CXXFLAGS := $(FDLIBM_CFLAGS) $(LIBJVM_FDLIBM_COPY_OPT_FLAG)
   BUILD_LIBJVM_sharedRuntimeTrans.cpp_CXXFLAGS := $(FDLIBM_CFLAGS) $(LIBJVM_FDLIBM_COPY_OPT_FLAG)
@@ -138,7 +140,10 @@ else ifeq ($(call isTargetOs, windows), true)
       #
 
 else ifeq ($(call isTargetOs, bsd), true)
-  JVM_EXCLUDE_FILES += decoder_mach0.cpp
+  JVM_EXCLUDE_FILES += \
+      decoder_mach0.cpp \
+      os_perf_macos.cpp
+
   BUILD_LIBJVM_sharedRuntimeTrig.cpp_CXXFLAGS := -DNO_PCH $(FDLIBM_CFLAGS) $(LIBJVM_FDLIBM_COPY_OPT_FLAG)
   BUILD_LIBJVM_sharedRuntimeTrans.cpp_CXXFLAGS := -DNO_PCH $(FDLIBM_CFLAGS) $(LIBJVM_FDLIBM_COPY_OPT_FLAG)
 
diff --git a/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_bsd.cpp b/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_bsd.cpp
index 7a59b26c20d..7fb5ac5f9ba 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_bsd.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_bsd.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, The FreeBSD Foundation
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -21,6 +22,8 @@
  * questions.
  *
  */
+
+#include "os_perf_bsd.hpp"
 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
@@ -28,23 +31,15 @@
 #include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
 
-#ifdef __APPLE__
-  #import <libproc.h>
-  #include <mach/mach.h>
-  #include <mach/task_info.h>
-#else
-# if defined(__NetBSD__)
+#include <sys/sched.h>
+#include <sys/resource.h>
+#define NET_RT_IFLIST2 NET_RT_IFLIST
+#define RTM_IFINFO2    RTM_IFINFO
+
+#ifdef __NetBSD__
   #include <uvm/uvm_extern.h>
-  #if !defined(KERN_PROC_PATHNAME)
-  #  define KERN_PROC_PATHNAME 5
-  #endif
-# else
+#else
   #include <sys/user.h>
-# endif
-  #include <sys/sched.h>
-  #include <sys/resource.h>
-  #define NET_RT_IFLIST2 NET_RT_IFLIST
-  #define RTM_IFINFO2    RTM_IFINFO
 #endif
 #include <sys/time.h>
 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
@@ -54,171 +49,6 @@
 #include <net/route.h>
 #include <sys/times.h>
 
-static const double NANOS_PER_SEC = 1000000000.0;
-static const time_t MICROS_PER_SEC = 1000000LL;
-
-class CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance : public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
-   friend class CPUPerformanceInterface;
- private:
-#ifdef __APPLE__
-  uint64_t _jvm_real;
-  uint64_t _total_csr_nanos;
-  uint64_t _jvm_user;
-  uint64_t _jvm_system;
-  long _jvm_context_switches;
-  long _used_ticks;
-  long _total_ticks;
-  int  _active_processor_count;
-#else
-  struct CPUTicks {
-    uint64_t usedTicks;
-    uint64_t totalTicks;
-  };
-
-  struct JVMTicks {
-    uint64_t userTicks;
-    uint64_t systemTicks;
-    CPUTicks cpuTicks;
-  };
-
-  int _num_procs;
-  int _stathz;          // statistics clock frequency
-  JVMTicks _jvm_ticks;
-  CPUTicks* _cpus;
-  long _total_csr_nanos;
-  long _jvm_context_switches;
-
-  int init_stathz(void);
-  uint64_t tvtoticks(struct timeval tv);
-  int get_cpu_ticks(CPUTicks *ticks, int which_logical_cpu);
-  int get_jvm_ticks(JVMTicks *jvm_ticks);
-#endif
-
-  bool now_in_nanos(uint64_t* resultp) {
-    struct timespec tp;
-    int status = clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &tp);
-    assert(status == 0, "clock_gettime error: %s", os::strerror(errno));
-    if (status != 0) {
-      return false;
-    }
-    *resultp = tp.tv_sec * (uint64_t)NANOS_PER_SEC + tp.tv_nsec;
-    return true;
-  }
-  double normalize(double value) {
-    return MIN2<double>(MAX2<double>(value, 0.0), 1.0);
-  }
-
-  int cpu_load(int which_logical_cpu, double* cpu_load);
-  int context_switch_rate(double* rate);
-  int cpu_load_total_process(double* cpu_load);
-  int cpu_loads_process(double* pjvmUserLoad, double* pjvmKernelLoad, double* psystemTotalLoad);
-
-  NONCOPYABLE(CPUPerformance);
-
- public:
-  CPUPerformance();
-  bool initialize();
-  ~CPUPerformance();
-};
-
-#if defined(__APPLE__)
-
-CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::CPUPerformance() {
-  _jvm_real = 0;
-  _total_csr_nanos= 0;
-  _jvm_context_switches = 0;
-  _jvm_user = 0;
-  _jvm_system = 0;
-  _used_ticks = 0;
-  _total_ticks = 0;
-  _active_processor_count = 0;
-}
-
-bool CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::initialize() {
-  return true;
-}
-
-CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::~CPUPerformance() {
-}
-
-int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::cpu_load(int which_logical_cpu, double* cpu_load) {
-  return FUNCTIONALITY_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
-}
-
-int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::cpu_load_total_process(double* cpu_load) {
-  host_name_port_t host = mach_host_self();
-  host_flavor_t flavor = HOST_CPU_LOAD_INFO;
-  mach_msg_type_number_t host_info_count = HOST_CPU_LOAD_INFO_COUNT;
-  host_cpu_load_info_data_t cpu_load_info;
-
-  kern_return_t kr = host_statistics(host, flavor, (host_info_t)&cpu_load_info, &host_info_count);
-  if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
-    return OS_ERR;
-  }
-
-  long used_ticks  = cpu_load_info.cpu_ticks[CPU_STATE_USER] + cpu_load_info.cpu_ticks[CPU_STATE_NICE] + cpu_load_info.cpu_ticks[CPU_STATE_SYSTEM];
-  long total_ticks = used_ticks + cpu_load_info.cpu_ticks[CPU_STATE_IDLE];
-
-  if (_used_ticks == 0 || _total_ticks == 0) {
-    // First call, just set the values
-    _used_ticks  = used_ticks;
-    _total_ticks = total_ticks;
-    return OS_ERR;
-  }
-
-  long used_delta  = used_ticks - _used_ticks;
-  long total_delta = total_ticks - _total_ticks;
-
-  _used_ticks  = used_ticks;
-  _total_ticks = total_ticks;
-
-  if (total_delta == 0) {
-    // Avoid division by zero
-    return OS_ERR;
-  }
-
-  *cpu_load = (double)used_delta / total_delta;
-
-  return OS_OK;
-}
-
-int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::cpu_loads_process(double* pjvmUserLoad, double* pjvmKernelLoad, double* psystemTotalLoad) {
-  int result = cpu_load_total_process(psystemTotalLoad);
-
-  struct tms buf;
-  clock_t jvm_real = times(&buf);
-  if (jvm_real == (clock_t) (-1)) {
-    return OS_ERR;
-  }
-
-  int active_processor_count = os::active_processor_count();
-  uint64_t jvm_user = buf.tms_utime;
-  uint64_t jvm_system = buf.tms_stime;
-
-  if (active_processor_count != _active_processor_count) {
-    // Change in active processor count
-    result = OS_ERR;
-  } else {
-    uint64_t delta = active_processor_count * (jvm_real - _jvm_real);
-    if (delta == 0) {
-      // Avoid division by zero
-      return OS_ERR;
-    }
-
-    *pjvmUserLoad = normalize((double)(jvm_user - _jvm_user) / delta);
-    *pjvmKernelLoad = normalize((double)(jvm_system - _jvm_system) / delta);
-  }
-
-  _active_processor_count = active_processor_count;
-  _jvm_real = jvm_real;
-  _jvm_user = jvm_user;
-  _jvm_system = jvm_system;
-
-  return result;
-}
-
-#else // !APPLE
-
 CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::CPUPerformance() {
   _num_procs = 0;
   _stathz = 0;
@@ -486,33 +316,21 @@ int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::cpu_loads_process(double* pjvmUserL
   return OS_OK;
 }
 
-#endif
-
 int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::context_switch_rate(double* rate) {
-#ifdef __APPLE__
-  mach_port_t task = mach_task_self();
-  mach_msg_type_number_t task_info_count = TASK_INFO_MAX;
-  task_info_data_t task_info_data;
-  kern_return_t kr = task_info(task, TASK_EVENTS_INFO, (task_info_t)task_info_data, &task_info_count);
-  if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
-    return OS_ERR;
-  }
-
-  long jvm_context_switches = ((task_events_info_t)task_info_data)->csw;
-#elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
+#if defined(__FreeBSD__)
   unsigned int jvm_context_switches = 0;
   size_t length = sizeof(jvm_context_switches);
   if (sysctlbyname("vm.stats.sys.v_swtch", &jvm_context_switches, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
     return OS_ERR;
   }
-#elif defined(__OpenBSD__) || defined(__NetBSD__)
-#if defined(__OpenBSD__)
+#else
+# if defined(__OpenBSD__)
   struct uvmexp js;
   int mib[] = { CTL_VM, VM_UVMEXP };
-#else
+# elif defined(__NetBSD__)
   struct uvmexp_sysctl js;
   int mib[] = { CTL_VM, VM_UVMEXP2 };
-#endif
+# endif
   size_t jslength = sizeof(js);
   const u_int miblen = sizeof(mib) / sizeof(mib[0]);
   unsigned int jvm_context_switches = 0;
@@ -521,7 +339,8 @@ int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::context_switch_rate(double* rate) {
   }
 
   jvm_context_switches = (unsigned int)js.swtch;
-#endif
+
+#endif // __FreeBSD__
 
   int result = OS_OK;
   if (_total_csr_nanos == 0 || _jvm_context_switches == 0) {
@@ -547,510 +366,105 @@ int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::context_switch_rate(double* rate) {
   return result;
 }
 
-CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformanceInterface() {
-  _impl = nullptr;
-}
-
-bool CPUPerformanceInterface::initialize() {
-  _impl = new CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance();
-  return _impl->initialize();
-}
-
-CPUPerformanceInterface::~CPUPerformanceInterface() {
-  if (_impl != nullptr) {
-    delete _impl;
-  }
-}
-
-int CPUPerformanceInterface::cpu_load(int which_logical_cpu, double* cpu_load) const {
-  return _impl->cpu_load(which_logical_cpu, cpu_load);
-}
-
-int CPUPerformanceInterface::cpu_load_total_process(double* cpu_load) const {
-  return _impl->cpu_load_total_process(cpu_load);
-}
-
-int CPUPerformanceInterface::cpu_loads_process(double* pjvmUserLoad, double* pjvmKernelLoad, double* psystemTotalLoad) const {
-  return _impl->cpu_loads_process(pjvmUserLoad, pjvmKernelLoad, psystemTotalLoad);
-}
-
-int CPUPerformanceInterface::context_switch_rate(double* rate) const {
-  return _impl->context_switch_rate(rate);
-}
-
-class SystemProcessInterface::SystemProcesses : public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
-  friend class SystemProcessInterface;
- private:
-  SystemProcesses();
-  bool initialize();
-  NONCOPYABLE(SystemProcesses);
-  ~SystemProcesses();
-
-  //information about system processes
-  int system_processes(SystemProcess** system_processes, int* no_of_sys_processes) const;
-};
-
-SystemProcessInterface::SystemProcesses::SystemProcesses() {
-}
-
-bool SystemProcessInterface::SystemProcesses::initialize() {
-  return true;
-}
-
-SystemProcessInterface::SystemProcesses::~SystemProcesses() {
-}
-int SystemProcessInterface::SystemProcesses::system_processes(SystemProcess** system_processes, int* no_of_sys_processes) const {
-  assert(system_processes != nullptr, "system_processes pointer is null!");
-  assert(no_of_sys_processes != nullptr, "system_processes counter pointer is null!");
-#ifdef __APPLE__
-  pid_t* pids = nullptr;
-  int pid_count = 0;
-  ResourceMark rm;
-
-  int try_count = 0;
-  while (pids == nullptr) {
-    // Find out buffer size
-    size_t pids_bytes = proc_listpids(PROC_ALL_PIDS, 0, nullptr, 0);
-    if (pids_bytes <= 0) {
-      return OS_ERR;
-    }
-    pid_count = pids_bytes / sizeof(pid_t);
-    pids = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(pid_t, pid_count);
-    memset(pids, 0, pids_bytes);
-
-    pids_bytes = proc_listpids(PROC_ALL_PIDS, 0, pids, pids_bytes);
-    if (pids_bytes <= 0) {
-       // couldn't fit buffer, retry.
-      FREE_RESOURCE_ARRAY(pids, pid_count);
-      pids = nullptr;
-      try_count++;
-      if (try_count > 3) {
-      return OS_ERR;
-      }
-    } else {
-      pid_count = pids_bytes / sizeof(pid_t);
-    }
-  }
-
-  int process_count = 0;
-  SystemProcess* next = nullptr;
-  for (int i = 0; i < pid_count; i++) {
-    pid_t pid = pids[i];
-    if (pid != 0) {
-      char buffer[PROC_PIDPATHINFO_MAXSIZE];
-      memset(buffer, 0 , sizeof(buffer));
-      if (proc_pidpath(pid, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) != -1) {
-        int length = strlen(buffer);
-        if (length > 0) {
-          SystemProcess* current = new SystemProcess();
-          char * path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length + 1, mtInternal);
-          strcpy(path, buffer);
-          current->set_path(path);
-          current->set_pid((int)pid);
-          current->set_next(next);
-          next = current;
-          process_count++;
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  *no_of_sys_processes = process_count;
-  *system_processes = next;
-
-  return OS_OK;
-#elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
-  struct kinfo_proc *lproc;
-  int mib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC, KERN_PROC_PROC };
-  const u_int miblen = sizeof(mib) / sizeof(mib[0]);
-  size_t length;
-  int pid_count;
-
-  if (sysctl(mib, miblen, nullptr, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
-    return OS_ERR;
-  }
-
-  lproc = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(struct kinfo_proc, length, mtInternal);
-  if (lproc == nullptr) {
-    return OS_ERR;
-  }
-
-  if (sysctl(mib, miblen, lproc, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
-    FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(lproc);
-    return OS_ERR;
-  }
-
-  pid_count = length / sizeof(*lproc);
-  int process_count = 0;
-  SystemProcess *next = nullptr;
-
-  for (int i = 0; i < pid_count; i++) {
-    // Executable path
-    int pmib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC, KERN_PROC_PATHNAME, lproc[i].ki_pid };
-    const u_int pmiblen = sizeof(pmib) / sizeof(pmib[0]);
-    char pbuf[PATH_MAX];
-    size_t plen = sizeof(pbuf);
-    if (sysctl(pmib, pmiblen, pbuf, &plen, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
-      continue;
-    }
-    plen = strnlen(pbuf, PATH_MAX);
-    if (plen == 0) {
-      continue;
-    }
-    char *path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, plen + 1, mtInternal);
-    if (path == nullptr) {
-      continue;
-    }
-    strlcpy(path, pbuf, plen + 1);
-
-    // Command line
-    int amib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC, KERN_PROC_ARGS, lproc[i].ki_pid };
-    const u_int amiblen = sizeof(amib) / sizeof(amib[0]);
-    char abuf[ARG_MAX];
-    size_t alen = sizeof(abuf);
-    char *cmdline = nullptr;
-    if (sysctl(amib, amiblen, abuf, &alen, nullptr, 0) != -1 && alen > 0) {
-      // Arguments are NUL separated in the result, replace that with a space
-      for (size_t j = 0; j < alen; j++) {
-        if (abuf[j] == '\0') {
-          abuf[j] = ' ';
-        }
-      }
-      cmdline = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, alen + 1, mtInternal);
-      if (cmdline != nullptr) {
-        strlcpy(cmdline, abuf, alen + 1);
-      }
-    }
+#if defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__OpenBSD__)
+#define KINFO_PROC_TYPE struct kinfo_proc
+#define KERN_PROC2 KERN_PROC
+#elif defined(__NetBSD__)
+#define KINFO_PROC_TYPE struct kinfo_proc2
+#endif
 
-    SystemProcess* current = new SystemProcess();
-    current->set_pid((int)lproc[i].ki_pid);
-    current->set_path(path);
-    current->set_command_line(cmdline);
-    current->set_next(next);
-    next = current;
-    process_count++;
-  }
+#if defined(__FreeBSD__)
+#define KINFO_PROC_PID(ki) ki.ki_pid
+#elif defined(__OpenBSD__) || defined(__NetBSD__)
+#define KINFO_PROC_PID(ki) ki.p_pid
+#endif
 
-  FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(lproc);
-  *no_of_sys_processes = process_count;
-  *system_processes = next;
+size_t proc_listpids(int flag, int unused, pid_t * pids, size_t pids_bytes) {
+  KINFO_PROC_TYPE *lproc;
+  int mib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC2, KERN_PROC_ALL,
+#if defined(__OpenBSD__) || defined(__NetBSD__)
+    0, sizeof(*lproc), 0
+#endif
+  };
 
-  return OS_OK;
-#elif defined(__OpenBSD__)
-  struct kinfo_proc *lproc;
-  int mib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC, KERN_PROC_ALL, 0, sizeof(struct kinfo_proc), 0 };
   const u_int miblen = sizeof(mib) / sizeof(mib[0]);
-  size_t length;
-  int pid_count, ret = OS_OK;
+  size_t length = pids_bytes;
 
   if (sysctl(mib, miblen, nullptr, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
-    return OS_ERR;
-  }
-
-  lproc = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(struct kinfo_proc, length, mtInternal);
-  if (lproc == nullptr) {
-    return OS_ERR;
-  }
-
-  mib[5] = length / sizeof(struct kinfo_proc);
-
-  if (sysctl(mib, miblen, lproc, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
-    FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(lproc);
-    return OS_ERR;
+    return 0;
   }
 
-  pid_count = length / sizeof(*lproc);
-  int process_count = 0;
-  SystemProcess *next = nullptr;
-
-  for (int i = 0; i < pid_count; i++) {
-    int pmib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC_ARGS, lproc[i].p_pid, KERN_PROC_ARGV };
-    const u_int pmiblen = sizeof(pmib) / sizeof(pmib[0]);
-    size_t slen;
-
-    if (sysctl(pmib, pmiblen, nullptr, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
-      ret = OS_ERR;
-      break;
-    }
-
-    // Allocate space for args and get the arguments
-    char **argv = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char*, length, mtInternal);
-    if (argv == nullptr) {
-      ret = OS_ERR;
-      break;
+  if (pids != nullptr) {
+    lproc = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(KINFO_PROC_TYPE, length, mtInternal);
+    if (lproc == nullptr) {
+      return 0;
     }
 
-    if (sysctl(pmib, pmiblen, argv, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
-      ret = OS_ERR;
-      FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(argv);
-      break;
-    }
-
-    if (argv[0] == nullptr) {
-      FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(argv);
-      continue;
-    }
+#if defined(__OpenBSD__) || defined(__NetBSD__)
+    mib[5] = length / sizeof(*lproc);
+#endif
 
-    slen = strnlen(argv[0], length);
-    if (slen > 0) {
-      SystemProcess* current = new SystemProcess();
-      char * path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, slen + 1, mtInternal);
-      strlcpy(path, argv[0], slen + 1);
-      current->set_path(path);
-      current->set_pid((int)lproc[i].p_pid);
-      /* TODO: build concatenated string for current->set_command_line() */
-      current->set_next(next);
-      next = current;
-      process_count++;
+    if (sysctl(mib, miblen, lproc, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
+      FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(lproc);
+      return 0;
     }
 
-    FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(argv);
-  }
-
-  FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(lproc);
-
-  if (ret != OS_OK) {
-    SystemProcess* current = next;
-    while (current) {
-      next = current->next();
-      delete current; /* ~SystemProcess frees internal strings */
-      current = next;
+    int pid_count = length / sizeof(*lproc);
+    for (int i = 0; i < pid_count; i++) {
+      pids[i] = KINFO_PROC_PID(lproc[i]);
     }
-    return ret;
-  }
-
-  *no_of_sys_processes = process_count;
-  *system_processes = next;
 
-  return OS_OK;
-#elif defined(__NetBSD__)
-  struct kinfo_proc2 *lproc;
-  int mib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC2, KERN_PROC_ALL, 0, sizeof(struct kinfo_proc2), 0 };
-  const u_int miblen = sizeof(mib) / sizeof(mib[0]);
-  size_t length;
-  int pid_count;
-
-  if (sysctl(mib, miblen, nullptr, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
-    return OS_ERR;
-  }
-
-  lproc = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(struct kinfo_proc2, length, mtInternal);
-  if (lproc == nullptr) {
-    return OS_ERR;
-  }
-
-  mib[5] = length / sizeof(struct kinfo_proc2);
-
-  if (sysctl(mib, miblen, lproc, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(lproc);
-    return OS_ERR;
   }
 
-  pid_count = length / sizeof(*lproc);
-  int process_count = 0;
-  SystemProcess *next = nullptr;
-
-  for (int i = 0; i < pid_count; i++) {
-    // Executable path
-    int pmib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC_ARGS, lproc[i].p_pid, KERN_PROC_PATHNAME };
-    const u_int pmiblen = sizeof(pmib) / sizeof(pmib[0]);
-    char pbuf[PATH_MAX];
-    size_t plen = sizeof(pbuf);
-    if (sysctl(pmib, pmiblen, pbuf, &plen, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
-      continue;
-    }
-    plen = strnlen(pbuf, PATH_MAX);
-    if (plen == 0) {
-      continue;
-    }
-    char *path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, plen + 1, mtInternal);
-    if (path == nullptr) {
-      continue;
-    }
-    strlcpy(path, pbuf, plen + 1);
-
-    // Command line
-    int amib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC_ARGS, lproc[i].p_pid, KERN_PROC_ARGV };
-    const u_int amiblen = sizeof(amib) / sizeof(amib[0]);
-    char abuf[ARG_MAX];
-    size_t alen = sizeof(abuf);
-    char *cmdline = nullptr;
-    if (sysctl(amib, amiblen, abuf, &alen, nullptr, 0) != -1 && alen > 0) {
-      // Arguments are NUL separated in the result, replace that with a space
-      for (size_t j = 0; j < alen; j++) {
-        if (abuf[j] == '\0') {
-          abuf[j] = ' ';
-        }
-      }
-      cmdline = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, alen + 1, mtInternal);
-      if (cmdline != nullptr) {
-        strlcpy(cmdline, abuf, alen + 1);
-      }
-    }
-
-    SystemProcess* current = new SystemProcess();
-    current->set_pid((int)lproc[i].p_pid);
-    current->set_path(path);
-    current->set_command_line(cmdline);
-    current->set_next(next);
-    next = current;
-    process_count++;
-  }
-
-  FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(lproc);
-  *no_of_sys_processes = process_count;
-  *system_processes = next;
-
-  return OS_OK;
-#else
-  return FUNCTIONALITY_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
-#endif
-}
-
-int SystemProcessInterface::system_processes(SystemProcess** system_procs, int* no_of_sys_processes) const {
-  return _impl->system_processes(system_procs, no_of_sys_processes);
-}
-
-SystemProcessInterface::SystemProcessInterface() {
-  _impl = nullptr;
-}
-
-bool SystemProcessInterface::initialize() {
-  _impl = new SystemProcessInterface::SystemProcesses();
-  return _impl->initialize();
-}
-
-SystemProcessInterface::~SystemProcessInterface() {
-  if (_impl != nullptr) {
-    delete _impl;
- }
+  return length;
 }
 
-CPUInformationInterface::CPUInformationInterface() {
-  _cpu_info = nullptr;
-}
-
-bool CPUInformationInterface::initialize() {
-  _cpu_info = new CPUInformation();
-  VM_Version::initialize_cpu_information();
-  _cpu_info->set_number_of_hardware_threads(VM_Version::number_of_threads());
-  _cpu_info->set_number_of_cores(VM_Version::number_of_cores());
-  _cpu_info->set_number_of_sockets(VM_Version::number_of_sockets());
-  _cpu_info->set_cpu_name(VM_Version::cpu_name());
-  _cpu_info->set_cpu_description(VM_Version::cpu_description());
-  return true;
-}
+#if defined(__NetBSD__) && !defined(KERN_PROC_PATHNAME)
+#define KERN_PROC_PATHNAME 5
+#endif
 
-CPUInformationInterface::~CPUInformationInterface() {
-  if (_cpu_info != nullptr) {
-    if (_cpu_info->cpu_name() != nullptr) {
-      const char* cpu_name = _cpu_info->cpu_name();
-      FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(cpu_name);
-      _cpu_info->set_cpu_name(nullptr);
-    }
-    if (_cpu_info->cpu_description() != nullptr) {
-      const char* cpu_desc = _cpu_info->cpu_description();
-      FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(cpu_desc);
-      _cpu_info->set_cpu_description(nullptr);
-    }
-    delete _cpu_info;
+int proc_pidpath(pid_t pid, char * pbuf, size_t plen) {
+#if defined(__FreeBSD__)
+  int pmib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC, KERN_PROC_PATHNAME, pid };
+  const u_int pmiblen = sizeof(pmib) / sizeof(pmib[0]);
+  if (sysctl(pmib, pmiblen, pbuf, &plen, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
+    return -1;
   }
-}
+#elif defined(__OpenBSD__)
+  int pmib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC_ARGS, pid, KERN_PROC_ARGV };
+  const u_int pmiblen = sizeof(pmib) / sizeof(pmib[0]);
+  size_t length;
 
-int CPUInformationInterface::cpu_information(CPUInformation& cpu_info) {
-  if (nullptr == _cpu_info) {
-    return OS_ERR;
+  if (sysctl(pmib, pmiblen, nullptr, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
+    return -1;
   }
 
-  cpu_info = *_cpu_info; // shallow copy assignment
-  return OS_OK;
-}
-
-class NetworkPerformanceInterface::NetworkPerformance : public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
-  friend class NetworkPerformanceInterface;
- private:
-  NetworkPerformance();
-  NONCOPYABLE(NetworkPerformance);
-  bool initialize();
-  ~NetworkPerformance();
-  int network_utilization(NetworkInterface** network_interfaces) const;
-};
-
-NetworkPerformanceInterface::NetworkPerformance::NetworkPerformance() {
-}
-
-bool NetworkPerformanceInterface::NetworkPerformance::initialize() {
-  return true;
-}
-
-NetworkPerformanceInterface::NetworkPerformance::~NetworkPerformance() {
-}
-
-int NetworkPerformanceInterface::NetworkPerformance::network_utilization(NetworkInterface** network_interfaces) const {
-  size_t len;
-  int mib[] = {CTL_NET, PF_ROUTE, /* protocol number */ 0, /* address family */ 0, NET_RT_IFLIST2, /* NET_RT_FLAGS mask*/ 0};
-  if (sysctl(mib, sizeof(mib) / sizeof(mib[0]), nullptr, &len, nullptr, 0) != 0) {
-    return OS_ERR;
-  }
-  uint8_t* buf = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(uint8_t, len);
-  if (sysctl(mib, sizeof(mib) / sizeof(mib[0]), buf, &len, nullptr, 0) != 0) {
-    return OS_ERR;
+  // Allocate space for args and get the arguments
+  char **argv = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char*, length, mtInternal);
+  if (argv == nullptr) {
+    return -1;
   }
 
-  size_t index = 0;
-  NetworkInterface* ret = nullptr;
-  while (index < len) {
-    if_msghdr* msghdr = reinterpret_cast<if_msghdr*>(buf + index);
-    index += msghdr->ifm_msglen;
-
-    if (msghdr->ifm_type != RTM_IFINFO2) {
-      continue;
-    }
-
-#if defined(__APPLE__)
-    if_msghdr2* msghdr2 = reinterpret_cast<if_msghdr2*>(msghdr);
-    sockaddr_dl* sockaddr = reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_dl*>(msghdr2 + 1);
-#else
-    sockaddr_dl* sockaddr = reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_dl*>(msghdr + 1);
-#endif
-
-    // The interface name is not necessarily NUL-terminated
-    char name_buf[128];
-    size_t name_len = MIN2(sizeof(name_buf) - 1, static_cast<size_t>(sockaddr->sdl_nlen));
-    strlcpy(name_buf, sockaddr->sdl_data, name_len + 1);
-
-#if defined(__APPLE__)
-    uint64_t bytes_in = msghdr2->ifm_data.ifi_ibytes;
-    uint64_t bytes_out = msghdr2->ifm_data.ifi_obytes;
-#else
-    uint64_t bytes_in = msghdr->ifm_data.ifi_ibytes;
-    uint64_t bytes_out = msghdr->ifm_data.ifi_obytes;
-#endif
-
-    NetworkInterface* cur = new NetworkInterface(name_buf, bytes_in, bytes_out, ret);
-    ret = cur;
+  if (sysctl(pmib, pmiblen, argv, &length, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
+    FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(argv);
+    return -1;
   }
 
-  *network_interfaces = ret;
-
-  return OS_OK;
-}
+  if (argv[0] == nullptr) {
+    FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(argv);
+    return -1;
+  }
 
-NetworkPerformanceInterface::NetworkPerformanceInterface() {
-  _impl = nullptr;
-}
+  strlcpy(pbuf, argv[0], plen);
 
-NetworkPerformanceInterface::~NetworkPerformanceInterface() {
-  if (_impl != nullptr) {
-    delete _impl;
+#elif defined(__NetBSD__)
+  int pmib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC_ARGS, pid, KERN_PROC_PATHNAME };
+  const u_int pmiblen = sizeof(pmib) / sizeof(pmib[0]);
+  if (sysctl(pmib, pmiblen, pbuf, &plen, nullptr, 0) == -1) {
+    return -1;
   }
-}
-
-bool NetworkPerformanceInterface::initialize() {
-  _impl = new NetworkPerformanceInterface::NetworkPerformance();
-  return _impl->initialize();
-}
+#endif
 
-int NetworkPerformanceInterface::network_utilization(NetworkInterface** network_interfaces) const {
-  return _impl->network_utilization(network_interfaces);
+  return 0;
 }
diff --git a/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_bsd.hpp b/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_bsd.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d1549ec839c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_bsd.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, The FreeBSD Foundation
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "runtime/os_perf.hpp"
+
+#define PROC_ALL_PIDS 1
+#define PROC_PIDPATHINFO_MAXSIZE PATH_MAX
+#define NET_RT_IFLIST2 NET_RT_IFLIST
+#define RTM_IFINFO2    RTM_IFINFO
+
+size_t proc_listpids(int flag, int unused, pid_t * pids, size_t pids_bytes);
+int proc_pidpath(pid_t pid, char * pbuf, size_t plen);
+
+static const double NANOS_PER_SEC = 1000000000.0;
+static const time_t MICROS_PER_SEC = 1000000LL;
+
+class CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance : public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
+   friend class CPUPerformanceInterface;
+ private:
+  struct CPUTicks {
+    uint64_t usedTicks;
+    uint64_t totalTicks;
+  };
+
+  struct JVMTicks {
+    uint64_t userTicks;
+    uint64_t systemTicks;
+    CPUTicks cpuTicks;
+  };
+
+  int _num_procs;
+  int _stathz;          // statistics clock frequency
+  JVMTicks _jvm_ticks;
+  CPUTicks* _cpus;
+  long _total_csr_nanos;
+  long _jvm_context_switches;
+
+  int init_stathz(void);
+  uint64_t tvtoticks(struct timeval tv);
+  int get_cpu_ticks(CPUTicks *ticks, int which_logical_cpu);
+  int get_jvm_ticks(JVMTicks *jvm_ticks);
+
+  bool now_in_nanos(uint64_t* resultp) {
+    struct timespec tp;
+    int status = clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &tp);
+    assert(status == 0, "clock_gettime error: %s", os::strerror(errno));
+    if (status != 0) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    *resultp = tp.tv_sec * (uint64_t)NANOS_PER_SEC + tp.tv_nsec;
+    return true;
+  }
+  double normalize(double value) {
+    return MIN2<double>(MAX2<double>(value, 0.0), 1.0);
+  }
+
+  int cpu_load(int which_logical_cpu, double* cpu_load);
+  int context_switch_rate(double* rate);
+  int cpu_load_total_process(double* cpu_load);
+  int cpu_loads_process(double* pjvmUserLoad, double* pjvmKernelLoad, double* psystemTotalLoad);
+
+  NONCOPYABLE(CPUPerformance);
+
+ public:
+  CPUPerformance();
+  bool initialize();
+  ~CPUPerformance();
+};
diff --git a/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_common.cpp b/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_common.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bd943a60592
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_common.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, The FreeBSD Foundation
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
+#include "os_perf_macos.hpp"
+#import <libproc.h>
+#else
+#include "os_perf_bsd.hpp"
+#endif
+#include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
+#include <net/if.h>
+#include <net/if_dl.h>
+#include <net/route.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <sys/sysctl.h>
+
+CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformanceInterface() {
+  _impl = nullptr;
+}
+
+bool CPUPerformanceInterface::initialize() {
+  _impl = new CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance();
+  return _impl->initialize();
+}
+
+CPUPerformanceInterface::~CPUPerformanceInterface() {
+  if (_impl != nullptr) {
+    delete _impl;
+  }
+}
+
+int CPUPerformanceInterface::cpu_load(int which_logical_cpu, double* cpu_load) const {
+  return _impl->cpu_load(which_logical_cpu, cpu_load);
+}
+
+int CPUPerformanceInterface::cpu_load_total_process(double* cpu_load) const {
+  return _impl->cpu_load_total_process(cpu_load);
+}
+
+int CPUPerformanceInterface::cpu_loads_process(double* pjvmUserLoad, double* pjvmKernelLoad, double* psystemTotalLoad) const {
+  return _impl->cpu_loads_process(pjvmUserLoad, pjvmKernelLoad, psystemTotalLoad);
+}
+
+int CPUPerformanceInterface::context_switch_rate(double* rate) const {
+  return _impl->context_switch_rate(rate);
+}
+
+class SystemProcessInterface::SystemProcesses : public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
+  friend class SystemProcessInterface;
+ private:
+  SystemProcesses();
+  bool initialize();
+  NONCOPYABLE(SystemProcesses);
+  ~SystemProcesses();
+
+  //information about system processes
+  int system_processes(SystemProcess** system_processes, int* no_of_sys_processes) const;
+};
+
+SystemProcessInterface::SystemProcesses::SystemProcesses() {
+}
+
+bool SystemProcessInterface::SystemProcesses::initialize() {
+  return true;
+}
+
+SystemProcessInterface::SystemProcesses::~SystemProcesses() {
+}
+
+int SystemProcessInterface::SystemProcesses::system_processes(SystemProcess** system_processes, int* no_of_sys_processes) const {
+  assert(system_processes != nullptr, "system_processes pointer is null!");
+  assert(no_of_sys_processes != nullptr, "system_processes counter pointer is null!");
+  pid_t* pids = nullptr;
+  int pid_count = 0;
+  ResourceMark rm;
+
+  int try_count = 0;
+  while (pids == nullptr) {
+    // Find out buffer size
+    size_t pids_bytes = proc_listpids(PROC_ALL_PIDS, 0, nullptr, 0);
+    if (pids_bytes <= 0) {
+      return OS_ERR;
+    }
+    pid_count = pids_bytes / sizeof(pid_t);
+    pids = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(pid_t, pid_count);
+    memset(pids, 0, pids_bytes);
+
+    pids_bytes = proc_listpids(PROC_ALL_PIDS, 0, pids, pids_bytes);
+    if (pids_bytes <= 0) {
+       // couldn't fit buffer, retry.
+      FREE_RESOURCE_ARRAY(pids, pid_count);
+      pids = nullptr;
+      try_count++;
+      if (try_count > 3) {
+      return OS_ERR;
+      }
+    } else {
+      pid_count = pids_bytes / sizeof(pid_t);
+    }
+  }
+
+  int process_count = 0;
+  SystemProcess* next = nullptr;
+  for (int i = 0; i < pid_count; i++) {
+    pid_t pid = pids[i];
+    if (pid != 0) {
+      char buffer[PROC_PIDPATHINFO_MAXSIZE];
+      memset(buffer, 0 , sizeof(buffer));
+      if (proc_pidpath(pid, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) != -1) {
+        int length = strlen(buffer);
+        if (length > 0) {
+          SystemProcess* current = new SystemProcess();
+          char * path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length + 1, mtInternal);
+          strcpy(path, buffer);
+          current->set_path(path);
+          current->set_pid((int)pid);
+          current->set_next(next);
+          next = current;
+          process_count++;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  *no_of_sys_processes = process_count;
+  *system_processes = next;
+
+  return OS_OK;
+}
+
+int SystemProcessInterface::system_processes(SystemProcess** system_procs, int* no_of_sys_processes) const {
+  return _impl->system_processes(system_procs, no_of_sys_processes);
+}
+
+SystemProcessInterface::SystemProcessInterface() {
+  _impl = nullptr;
+}
+
+bool SystemProcessInterface::initialize() {
+  _impl = new SystemProcessInterface::SystemProcesses();
+  return _impl->initialize();
+}
+
+SystemProcessInterface::~SystemProcessInterface() {
+  if (_impl != nullptr) {
+    delete _impl;
+ }
+}
+
+CPUInformationInterface::CPUInformationInterface() {
+  _cpu_info = nullptr;
+}
+
+bool CPUInformationInterface::initialize() {
+  _cpu_info = new CPUInformation();
+  VM_Version::initialize_cpu_information();
+  _cpu_info->set_number_of_hardware_threads(VM_Version::number_of_threads());
+  _cpu_info->set_number_of_cores(VM_Version::number_of_cores());
+  _cpu_info->set_number_of_sockets(VM_Version::number_of_sockets());
+  _cpu_info->set_cpu_name(VM_Version::cpu_name());
+  _cpu_info->set_cpu_description(VM_Version::cpu_description());
+  return true;
+}
+
+CPUInformationInterface::~CPUInformationInterface() {
+  if (_cpu_info != nullptr) {
+    if (_cpu_info->cpu_name() != nullptr) {
+      const char* cpu_name = _cpu_info->cpu_name();
+      FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(cpu_name);
+      _cpu_info->set_cpu_name(nullptr);
+    }
+    if (_cpu_info->cpu_description() != nullptr) {
+      const char* cpu_desc = _cpu_info->cpu_description();
+      FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(cpu_desc);
+      _cpu_info->set_cpu_description(nullptr);
+    }
+    delete _cpu_info;
+  }
+}
+
+int CPUInformationInterface::cpu_information(CPUInformation& cpu_info) {
+  if (nullptr == _cpu_info) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  cpu_info = *_cpu_info; // shallow copy assignment
+  return OS_OK;
+}
+
+
+class NetworkPerformanceInterface::NetworkPerformance : public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
+  friend class NetworkPerformanceInterface;
+ private:
+  NetworkPerformance();
+  NONCOPYABLE(NetworkPerformance);
+  bool initialize();
+  ~NetworkPerformance();
+  int network_utilization(NetworkInterface** network_interfaces) const;
+};
+
+NetworkPerformanceInterface::NetworkPerformance::NetworkPerformance() {
+}
+
+bool NetworkPerformanceInterface::NetworkPerformance::initialize() {
+  return true;
+}
+
+NetworkPerformanceInterface::NetworkPerformance::~NetworkPerformance() {
+}
+
+int NetworkPerformanceInterface::NetworkPerformance::network_utilization(NetworkInterface** network_interfaces) const {
+  size_t len;
+  int mib[] = {CTL_NET, PF_ROUTE, /* protocol number */ 0, /* address family */ 0, NET_RT_IFLIST2, /* NET_RT_FLAGS mask*/ 0};
+  if (sysctl(mib, sizeof(mib) / sizeof(mib[0]), nullptr, &len, nullptr, 0) != 0) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+  uint8_t* buf = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(uint8_t, len);
+  if (sysctl(mib, sizeof(mib) / sizeof(mib[0]), buf, &len, nullptr, 0) != 0) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  size_t index = 0;
+  NetworkInterface* ret = nullptr;
+  while (index < len) {
+    if_msghdr* msghdr = reinterpret_cast<if_msghdr*>(buf + index);
+    index += msghdr->ifm_msglen;
+
+    if (msghdr->ifm_type != RTM_IFINFO2) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
+    if_msghdr2* msghdr2 = reinterpret_cast<if_msghdr2*>(msghdr);
+    sockaddr_dl* sockaddr = reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_dl*>(msghdr2 + 1);
+#else
+    sockaddr_dl* sockaddr = reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_dl*>(msghdr + 1);
+#endif
+
+    // The interface name is not necessarily NUL-terminated
+    char name_buf[128];
+    size_t name_len = MIN2(sizeof(name_buf) - 1, static_cast<size_t>(sockaddr->sdl_nlen));
+    strlcpy(name_buf, sockaddr->sdl_data, name_len + 1);
+
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
+    uint64_t bytes_in = msghdr2->ifm_data.ifi_ibytes;
+    uint64_t bytes_out = msghdr2->ifm_data.ifi_obytes;
+#else
+    uint64_t bytes_in = msghdr->ifm_data.ifi_ibytes;
+    uint64_t bytes_out = msghdr->ifm_data.ifi_obytes;
+#endif
+
+    NetworkInterface* cur = new NetworkInterface(name_buf, bytes_in, bytes_out, ret);
+    ret = cur;
+  }
+
+  *network_interfaces = ret;
+
+  return OS_OK;
+}
+NetworkPerformanceInterface::NetworkPerformanceInterface() {
+  _impl = nullptr;
+}
+
+NetworkPerformanceInterface::~NetworkPerformanceInterface() {
+  if (_impl != nullptr) {
+    delete _impl;
+  }
+}
+
+bool NetworkPerformanceInterface::initialize() {
+  _impl = new NetworkPerformanceInterface::NetworkPerformance();
+  return _impl->initialize();
+}
+
+int NetworkPerformanceInterface::network_utilization(NetworkInterface** network_interfaces) const {
+  return _impl->network_utilization(network_interfaces);
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_macos.cpp b/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_macos.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a8a35dfb993
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_macos.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "os_perf_macos.hpp"
+#include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
+#include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
+#include "runtime/os.hpp"
+#include "runtime/os_perf.hpp"
+#include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
+#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
+
+#import <libproc.h>
+#include <mach/mach.h>
+#include <mach/task_info.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <sys/sysctl.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <net/if.h>
+#include <net/if_dl.h>
+#include <net/route.h>
+#include <sys/times.h>
+
+CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::CPUPerformance() {
+  _jvm_real = 0;
+  _total_csr_nanos= 0;
+  _jvm_context_switches = 0;
+  _jvm_user = 0;
+  _jvm_system = 0;
+  _used_ticks = 0;
+  _total_ticks = 0;
+  _active_processor_count = 0;
+}
+
+bool CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::initialize() {
+  return true;
+}
+
+CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::~CPUPerformance() {
+}
+
+int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::cpu_load(int which_logical_cpu, double* cpu_load) {
+  return FUNCTIONALITY_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::cpu_load_total_process(double* cpu_load) {
+  host_name_port_t host = mach_host_self();
+  host_flavor_t flavor = HOST_CPU_LOAD_INFO;
+  mach_msg_type_number_t host_info_count = HOST_CPU_LOAD_INFO_COUNT;
+  host_cpu_load_info_data_t cpu_load_info;
+
+  kern_return_t kr = host_statistics(host, flavor, (host_info_t)&cpu_load_info, &host_info_count);
+  if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  long used_ticks  = cpu_load_info.cpu_ticks[CPU_STATE_USER] + cpu_load_info.cpu_ticks[CPU_STATE_NICE] + cpu_load_info.cpu_ticks[CPU_STATE_SYSTEM];
+  long total_ticks = used_ticks + cpu_load_info.cpu_ticks[CPU_STATE_IDLE];
+
+  if (_used_ticks == 0 || _total_ticks == 0) {
+    // First call, just set the values
+    _used_ticks  = used_ticks;
+    _total_ticks = total_ticks;
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  long used_delta  = used_ticks - _used_ticks;
+  long total_delta = total_ticks - _total_ticks;
+
+  _used_ticks  = used_ticks;
+  _total_ticks = total_ticks;
+
+  if (total_delta == 0) {
+    // Avoid division by zero
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  *cpu_load = (double)used_delta / total_delta;
+
+  return OS_OK;
+}
+
+int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::cpu_loads_process(double* pjvmUserLoad, double* pjvmKernelLoad, double* psystemTotalLoad) {
+  int result = cpu_load_total_process(psystemTotalLoad);
+
+  struct tms buf;
+  clock_t jvm_real = times(&buf);
+  if (jvm_real == (clock_t) (-1)) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  int active_processor_count = os::active_processor_count();
+  uint64_t jvm_user = buf.tms_utime;
+  uint64_t jvm_system = buf.tms_stime;
+
+  if (active_processor_count != _active_processor_count) {
+    // Change in active processor count
+    result = OS_ERR;
+  } else {
+    uint64_t delta = active_processor_count * (jvm_real - _jvm_real);
+    if (delta == 0) {
+      // Avoid division by zero
+      return OS_ERR;
+    }
+
+    *pjvmUserLoad = normalize((double)(jvm_user - _jvm_user) / delta);
+    *pjvmKernelLoad = normalize((double)(jvm_system - _jvm_system) / delta);
+  }
+
+  _active_processor_count = active_processor_count;
+  _jvm_real = jvm_real;
+  _jvm_user = jvm_user;
+  _jvm_system = jvm_system;
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+int CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance::context_switch_rate(double* rate) {
+  mach_port_t task = mach_task_self();
+  mach_msg_type_number_t task_info_count = TASK_INFO_MAX;
+  task_info_data_t task_info_data;
+  kern_return_t kr = task_info(task, TASK_EVENTS_INFO, (task_info_t)task_info_data, &task_info_count);
+  if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  long jvm_context_switches = ((task_events_info_t)task_info_data)->csw;
+
+  int result = OS_OK;
+  if (_total_csr_nanos == 0 || _jvm_context_switches == 0) {
+    // First call just set initial values.
+    result = OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  uint64_t total_csr_nanos;
+  if(!now_in_nanos(&total_csr_nanos)) {
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+  double delta_in_sec = (double)(total_csr_nanos - _total_csr_nanos) / (double)NANOS_PER_SEC;
+  if (delta_in_sec == 0.0) {
+    // Avoid division by zero
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+
+  *rate = (jvm_context_switches - _jvm_context_switches) / delta_in_sec;
+
+  _jvm_context_switches = jvm_context_switches;
+  _total_csr_nanos = total_csr_nanos;
+
+  return result;
+}
diff --git a/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_macos.hpp b/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_macos.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b4cd2716e3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hotspot/os/bsd/os_perf_macos.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, The FreeBSD Foundation
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "runtime/os_perf.hpp"
+
+static const double NANOS_PER_SEC = 1000000000.0;
+static const time_t MICROS_PER_SEC = 1000000LL;
+
+class CPUPerformanceInterface::CPUPerformance : public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
+   friend class CPUPerformanceInterface;
+ private:
+  uint64_t _jvm_real;
+  uint64_t _total_csr_nanos;
+  uint64_t _jvm_user;
+  uint64_t _jvm_system;
+  long _jvm_context_switches;
+  long _used_ticks;
+  long _total_ticks;
+  int  _active_processor_count;
+
+  bool now_in_nanos(uint64_t* resultp) {
+    struct timespec tp;
+    int status = clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &tp);
+    assert(status == 0, "clock_gettime error: %s", os::strerror(errno));
+    if (status != 0) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    *resultp = tp.tv_sec * (uint64_t)NANOS_PER_SEC + tp.tv_nsec;
+    return true;
+  }
+  double normalize(double value) {
+    return MIN2<double>(MAX2<double>(value, 0.0), 1.0);
+  }
+
+  int cpu_load(int which_logical_cpu, double* cpu_load);
+  int context_switch_rate(double* rate);
+  int cpu_load_total_process(double* cpu_load);
+  int cpu_loads_process(double* pjvmUserLoad, double* pjvmKernelLoad, double* psystemTotalLoad);
+
+  NONCOPYABLE(CPUPerformance);
+
+ public:
+  CPUPerformance();
+  bool initialize();
+  ~CPUPerformance();
+};

From fbc705c11222adca9bf89a7e3db36fd0e873d327 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Kurt Miller <bsdkurt@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 18 Aug 2026 11:35:50 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 707/707] Fix typo in JVM_EXCLUDE_FILES for decoder_machO.cpp

---
 make/hotspot/lib/JvmOverrideFiles.gmk | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/make/hotspot/lib/JvmOverrideFiles.gmk b/make/hotspot/lib/JvmOverrideFiles.gmk
index 27befe085ca..8212df69fb5 100644
--- a/make/hotspot/lib/JvmOverrideFiles.gmk
+++ b/make/hotspot/lib/JvmOverrideFiles.gmk
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ else ifeq ($(call isTargetOs, windows), true)
 
 else ifeq ($(call isTargetOs, bsd), true)
   JVM_EXCLUDE_FILES += \
-      decoder_mach0.cpp \
+      decoder_machO.cpp \
       os_perf_macos.cpp
 
   BUILD_LIBJVM_sharedRuntimeTrig.cpp_CXXFLAGS := -DNO_PCH $(FDLIBM_CFLAGS) $(LIBJVM_FDLIBM_COPY_OPT_FLAG)